cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Rheumatobates crassifemur subsp. crassifemur Esaki 1926
Creators: name: Moreira, Felipe Ferraz Figueiredo
name: Barbosa, Julianna Freires
name: Ribeiro, José Ricardo Inacio
name: Alecrim, Viviani Pereira
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Gerridae
Rheumatobates
Rheumatobates crassifemur
Rheumatobates crassifemur crassifemur esaki, 1926

description: Rheumatobates crassifemur crassifemur Esaki, 1926
Geographical distribution: Colombia, Panama, Brazil, Bolivia, Paraguay, and Argentina.
 Distribution in Brazil: Southeast Region (MG, SP, RJ) (Drake & Harris 1936; Nieser & Melo 1997; Souza et al. 2006; Ribeiro et al. 2010).
description: Published as part of Moreira, Felipe Ferraz Figueiredo, Barbosa, Julianna Freires, Ribeiro, José Ricardo Inacio & Alecrim, Viviani Pereira, 2011, Checklist and distribution of semiaquatic and aquatic Heteroptera (Gerromorpha and Nepomorpha) occurring in Brazil 2958, pp. 1-74 in Zootaxa 2958 (1) on page 9, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2958.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5281851
The Global, Local and Cluster Galaxy Luminosity Function
Creators: name: Driver, Simon P.
name: De Propris, Roberto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We review selected measurements of the galaxy luminosity function including the global field, the local group, the local sphere, nearby clusters (Virgo, Coma and Fornax) and clusters in general. We conclude that the overall cluster luminosity function is consistent with the global luminosity function over the magnitude range in common (-22 < M_B -5logh_0.68 < -17). We find that only in the core regions of clusters (r < 300 kpc) does the overall form of the luminosity function show significant variation. However when the luminosity function is subdivided by spectral type some further variations are seen. We argue that these results imply: substantial late infall, efficient star-formation suppression, and the confinement of mass-changing evolutionary processes to the core regions only.
description: Invited Review for the JENAM2002 Galaxy Evolution Workshop (Publ: Kluwer)
Encoding Majorana codes
Creators: name: Mudassar, Maryam
name: Chien, Riley W.
name: Gottesman, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: To implement a quantum error correction protocol, we first need a scheme to prepare our state in the correct subspace of the code, and this can be done using a unitary encoding circuit. Majorana codes are special since any gates that transform such codes must preserve fermionic parity. In this paper, we present an algorithm that uses the stabilizer matrix to compute unitary encoding circuits for Majorana codes. We present two approaches, both of which use a version of Gaussian elimination with row operations replaced with elementary fermionic Clifford operations. One approach uses an additional ancilla mode and works for all Majorana stabilizer codes, while the second approach does not use ancilla but does not work if the total parity is inside the stabilizer group.
description: Added more references, typos corrected
Importing presidential approval poll results
Creators: name: Dicle, Mehmet F.
name: Dicle, Betul
name: Dicle, Mehmet F.
name: Dicle, Betul
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: approval
subject: presidential job approval
subject: presidential popularity
subject: U.S. presidents
subject: parse HTML

description: The American Presidency Project (http://www.presidency.ucsb.edu) provides presidential job approval poll results. These data are available for each U.S. president since President Franklin D. Roosevelt and for all the job approval polls conducted since his presidency. In this article, we propose the Stata command approval, which downloads these approval poll results in their original format, an HTML table. approval then parses the HTML table and prepares the data as a usable Stata dataset.
nprobust: Nonparametric Kernel-Based Estimation and Robust Bias-Corrected Inference
Creators: name: Calonico, Sebastian
name: Cattaneo, Matias D.
name: Farrell, Max H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Computation (stat.CO)
subject: Econometrics (econ.EM)
subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: Nonparametric kernel density and local polynomial regression estimators are very popular in Statistics, Economics, and many other disciplines. They are routinely employed in applied work, either as part of the main empirical analysis or as a preliminary ingredient entering some other estimation or inference procedure. This article describes the main methodological and numerical features of the software package nprobust, which offers an array of estimation and inference procedures for nonparametric kernel-based density and local polynomial regression methods, implemented in both the R and Stata statistical platforms. The package includes not only classical bandwidth selection, estimation, and inference methods (Wand and Jones, 1995; Fan and Gijbels, 1996), but also other recent developments in the statistics and econometrics literatures such as robust bias-corrected inference and coverage error optimal bandwidth selection (Calonico, Cattaneo and Farrell, 2018, 2019). Furthermore, this article also proposes a simple way of estimating optimal bandwidths in practice that always delivers the optimal mean square error convergence rate regardless of the specific evaluation point, that is, no matter whether it is implemented at a boundary or interior point. Numerical performance is illustrated using an empirical application and simulated data, where a detailed numerical comparison with other R packages is given.
Partial frontier efficiency analysis
Creators: name: Tauchmann, Harald
name: Tauchmann, Harald
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: orderalpha
subject: orderm
subject: nonparametric
subject: efficiency
subject: partial frontier
subject: free disposal hull
subject: outlier-robust
subject: decision-making unit

description: Despite their frequent use in applied work, nonparametric approaches to efficiency analysis—namely, data envelopment analysis and free disposal hull—have bad reputations among econometricians. This is mainly because data envelopment analysis and free disposal hull represent deterministic approaches that are highly sensitive to outliers and measurement errors. However, so-called partial frontier approaches have recently been developed, namely, order-m and order-α. These approaches generalize free disposal hull by allowing for superefficient observations to be located beyond the estimated production-possibility frontier. Although these methods are also purely nonparametric, the sensitivity to outliers is substantially reduced by partial frontier approaches enveloping just a subsample of observations. In this article, I introduce the new Stata commands orderm and orderalpha, which implement order-m, order-α, and free disposal hull efficiency analysis in Stata. The commands allow for several options, such as statistical inference based on subsampling bootstrapping.
Additional file 1 of Comparison of short-term outcomes between direct anterior approach (DAA) and SuperPATH in total hip replacement: a systematic review and network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Creators: name: Ramadanov, Nikolai
name: Bueschges, Simon
name: Kuiliang Liu
name: Lazaru, Philip
name: Marintschev, Ivan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1.
From Data to Decisions: The Transformational Power of Machine Learning in Business Recommendations
Creators: name: Gangadharan, Kapilya
name: Malathi, K.
name: Purandaran, Anoop
name: Subramanian, Barathi
name: Jeyaraj, Rathinaraja
name: Jung, Soon Ki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This research aims to explore the impact of Machine Learning (ML) on the evolution and efficacy of Recommendation Systems (RS), particularly in the context of their growing significance in commercial business environments. Methodologically, the study delves into the role of ML in crafting and refining these systems, focusing on aspects such as data sourcing, feature engineering, and the importance of evaluation metrics, thereby highlighting the iterative nature of enhancing recommendation algorithms. The deployment of Recommendation Engines (RE), driven by advanced algorithms and data analytics, is explored across various domains, showcasing their significant impact on user experience and decision-making processes. These engines not only streamline information discovery and enhance collaboration but also accelerate knowledge acquisition, proving vital in navigating the digital landscape for businesses. They contribute significantly to sales, revenue, and the competitive edge of enterprises by offering improved recommendations that align with individual customer needs. The research identifies the increasing expectation of users for a seamless, intuitive online experience, where content is personalized and dynamically adapted to changing preferences. Future research directions include exploring advancements in deep learning models, ethical considerations in the deployment of RS, and addressing scalability challenges. This study emphasizes the indispensability of comprehending and leveraging ML in RS for researchers and practitioners, to tap into the full potential of personalized recommendation in commercial business prospects.
description: 55 pages, 14 figures
Additional file 1 of Serum fatty acid-binding protein 4 levels and responses of pancreatic islet β-cells and α-cells in patients with type 2 diabetes
Creators: name: Wang, Hong
name: Cao, Jie
name: Su, Jian-bin
name: Wang, Xue-qin
name: Wang, Xing
name: Zhang, Dong-mei
name: Wang, Xiao-hua
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Hematology

description: Additional file1: Table S1. The relationships between serum lnFABP4 and indices of islet β-cell and α-cell functions in T2D patients with different diabetic duration.
Coherent transport in a two-electron quantum dot molecule
Creators: name: Creffield, C. E.
name: Platero, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the dynamics of two interacting electrons confined to a pair of coupled quantum dots driven by an external AC field. By numerically integrating the two-electron Schroedinger equation in time, we find that for certain values of the strength and frequency of the AC field we can cause the electrons to be localised within the same dot, in spite of the Coulomb repulsion between them. Reducing the system to an effective two-site model of Hubbard type and applying Floquet theory leads to a detailed understanding of this effect. This demonstrates the possibility of using appropriate AC fields to manipulate entangled states in mesoscopic devices on extremely short timescales, which is an essential component of practical schemes for quantum information processing.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures; the section dealing with the perturbative treatment of the Floquet states has been substantially expanded to make it easier to follow
Electronic Supplementary Material from The conflict within: origin, proliferation and persistence of a spontaneously arising selfish mitochondrial genome
Creators: name: Dubie, Joseph James
name: Caraway, Avery Robert
name: Stout, McKenna Margaret
name: Katju, Vaishali
name: Ulfar Bergthorsson
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: 60408 Genomics

description: Three Supplementary Figures and two supplementary tables including data for four fitness traits
Rheumatobates crassifemur subsp. esakii Schroeder 1931
Creators: name: Moreira, Felipe Ferraz Figueiredo
name: Barbosa, Julianna Freires
name: Ribeiro, José Ricardo Inacio
name: Alecrim, Viviani Pereira
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Gerridae
Rheumatobates
Rheumatobates crassifemur
Rheumatobates crassifemur esakii schroeder, 1931

description: Rheumatobates crassifemur esakii Schroeder, 1931
Geographical distribution: Colombia, Trinidad & Tobago, Guyana, Suriname, Brazil, Ecuador, and Peru.
Distribution in Brazil: North Region (PA, AM) (Schroeder 1931; Hungerford 1954; Nieser 1970c; Pereira & Melo 2007).
description: Published as part of Moreira, Felipe Ferraz Figueiredo, Barbosa, Julianna Freires, Ribeiro, José Ricardo Inacio & Alecrim, Viviani Pereira, 2011, Checklist and distribution of semiaquatic and aquatic Heteroptera (Gerromorpha and Nepomorpha) occurring in Brazil 2958, pp. 1-74 in Zootaxa 2958 (1) on page 10, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2958.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5281851
Fakeons, unitarity, massive gravitons and the cosmological constant
Creators: name: Anselmi, Damiano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We give a simple proof of perturbative unitarity in gauge theories and quantum gravity using a special gauge that allows us to separate the physical poles of the free propagators, which are quantized by means of the Feynman prescription, from the poles that belong to the gauge-trivial sector, which are quantized by means of the fakeon prescription. The proof applies to renormalizable theories, including the ultraviolet complete theory of quantum gravity with fakeons formulated recently, as well as low-energy (nonrenormalizable) theories. We clarify a number of subtleties related to the study of scattering processes in the presence of a cosmological constant $Λ$. The scattering amplitudes, defined by expanding the metric around flat space, obey the optical theorem up to corrections due to $Λ$, which are negligible for all practical purposes. Problems of interpretation would arise if such corrections became important. In passing, we obtain local, unitary (and "almost" renormalizable) theories of massive gravitons and gauge fields, which violate gauge invariance and general covariance explicitly.
description: 33 pages, 2 figures; v2: minor changes, JHEP
Sensible parameters for univariate and multivariate splines
Creators: name: Newson, Roger B.
name: Newson, Roger B.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: bspline
subject: flexcurv
subject: frencurv
subject: polynomial
subject: spline
subject: B-spline
subject: interpolation
subject: linear
subject: quadratic
subject: cubic
subject: multivariate
subject: factor
subject: interaction

description: The package bspline, downloadable from Statistical Software Components, now has three commands. The first, bspline, generates a basis of Schoenberg B-splines. The second, frencurv, generates a basis of reference splines whose parameters in the regression model are simply values of the spline at reference points on the X axis. The recent addition, flexcurv, is an easy-to-use version of frencurv that generates reference splines with automatically generated, sensibly spaced knots. frencurv and flexcurv now have the additional option of generating an incomplete basis of reference splines, with the reference spline for a baseline reference point omitted or set to 0. This incomplete basis can be completed by adding the standard unit vector to the design matrix and can then be used to estimate differences between values of the spline at the remaining reference points and the value of the spline at the baseline reference point. Reference splines therefore model continuous factor variables as indicator variables (or “dummies”) model discrete factor variables. The method can be extended in a similar way to define factor-product bases, allowing the user to estimate factor-combination means, subset-specific effects, or even factor interactions involving multiple continuous or discrete factors.
Exact and mid-p confidence intervals for the odds ratio
Creators: name: Fagerland, Morten W.
name: Fagerland, Morten W.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: merci
subject: mercii
subject: confidence intervals
subject: odds ratio
subject: mid-p
subject: exact
subject: quasi-exact
subject: Cornfield
subject: Baptista–Pike

description: The odds ratio is a frequently used effect measure for two independent binomial proportions. Unfortunately, the confidence intervals that are available for it in Stata and other standard software packages are generally wider than necessary, particularly for small-sample and exact estimation. The performance of the Cornfield exact interval—the only widely available exact interval for the odds ratio—may be improved by incorporating a small modification attributed to Baptista and Pike (1977, Journal of the Royal Statistical Society, Series C 26: 214–220). A further improvement is achieved when the Baptista Pike method is combined with the mid-p approach. In this article, I present the command merci (mid-p and exact odds-ratio confidence intervals) and its immediate version mercii, which calculate the Cornfield exact, Cornfield mid-p, Baptista–Pike exact, and Baptista Pike mid-p confidence intervals for the odds ratio. I compare these intervals with three well-known logit intervals. I strongly recommend the Baptista–Pike mid-p interval.
Rheumatobates crassifemur subsp. schroederi Hungerford 1954
Creators: name: Moreira, Felipe Ferraz Figueiredo
name: Barbosa, Julianna Freires
name: Ribeiro, José Ricardo Inacio
name: Alecrim, Viviani Pereira
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Gerridae
Rheumatobates
Rheumatobates crassifemur
Rheumatobates crassifemur schroederi hungerford, 1954

description: Rheumatobates crassifemur schroederi Hungerford, 1954
Geographical distribution: Brazil.
Distribution in Brazil: North, Northeast, and Central-West regions (PA, AM, CE, RN, PE, MT, GO) (Hungerford 1954; Nieser 1970c).
description: Published as part of Moreira, Felipe Ferraz Figueiredo, Barbosa, Julianna Freires, Ribeiro, José Ricardo Inacio & Alecrim, Viviani Pereira, 2011, Checklist and distribution of semiaquatic and aquatic Heteroptera (Gerromorpha and Nepomorpha) occurring in Brazil 2958, pp. 1-74 in Zootaxa 2958 (1) on page 10, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2958.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5281851
Long-run covariance and its applications in cointegration regression
Creators: name: Wang, Qunyong
name: Wu, Na
name: Wang, Qunyong
name: Wu, Na
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: lrcov
subject: hacreg
subject: cointreg
subject: long-run covariance
subject: fully modified ordinary least squares
subject: dynamic ordinary least squares
subject: canonical cointegration regression

description: Long-run covariance plays a major role in much of time-series inference, such as heteroskedasticity- and autocorrelation-consistent standard errors, generalized method of moments estimation, and cointegration regression. We propose a Stata command, lrcov, to compute long-run covariance with a prewhitening strategy and various kernel functions. We illustrate how long-run covariance matrix estimation can be used to obtain heteroskedasticity- and autocorrelation-consistent standard errors via the new hacreg command; we also illustrate cointegration regression with the new cointreg command. hacreg has several improvements compared with the official newey command, such as more kernel functions, automatic determination of the lag order, and prewhitening of the data. cointreg enables the estimation of cointegration regression using fully modified ordinary least squares, dynamic ordinary least squares, and canonical cointegration regression methods. We use several classical examples to demonstrate the use of these commands.
Kernel-smoothed cumulative distribution function estimation with akdensity
Creators: name: Van Kerm, Philippe
name: Van Kerm, Philippe
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: akdensity
subject: smoothed cumulative distribution function
subject: kernel functions

description: In this article, I describe estimation of the kernel-smoothed cumulative distribution function with the user-written package akdensity, with formulas and an example.
A Note on Bloch theorem
Creators: name: Zhang, C. X.
name: Zubkov, M. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Bloch theorem in ordinary quantum mechanics means the absence of the total electric current in equilibrium. In the present paper we analyze the possibility that this theorem remains valid within quantum field theory relevant for the description of both high energy physics and condensed matter physics phenomena. First of all, we prove that the total electric current in equilibrium is the topological invariant for the gapped fermions that are subject to periodical boundary conditions, i.e. it is robust to the smooth modification of such systems. This property remains valid when the inter - fermion interactions due to the exchange by bosonic excitations are taken into account perturbatively. We give the proof of this statement to all orders in perturbation theory. Thus we prove the weak version of the Bloch theorem, and conclude that the total current remains zero in any system, which is obtained by smooth modification of the one with the gapped charged fermions, periodical boundary conditions, and vanishing total electric current. We analyse several examples, in which the fermions are gapless. In some of them the total electric current vanishes. At the same time we propose the counterexamples of the equilibrium gapless systems, in which the total electric current is nonzero.
description: Latex, 12 pages, 10 figures, accepted for publication in Phys.Rev.D
Rheumatobates curracis Drake & Carvalho 1954
Creators: name: Moreira, Felipe Ferraz Figueiredo
name: Barbosa, Julianna Freires
name: Ribeiro, José Ricardo Inacio
name: Alecrim, Viviani Pereira
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Gerridae
Rheumatobates
Rheumatobates curracis

description: Rheumatobates curracis Drake & Carvalho, 1954
Geographical distribution: Brazil.
Distribution in Brazil: North Region (AM) (Drake & Carvalho 1954).
description: Published as part of Moreira, Felipe Ferraz Figueiredo, Barbosa, Julianna Freires, Ribeiro, José Ricardo Inacio & Alecrim, Viviani Pereira, 2011, Checklist and distribution of semiaquatic and aquatic Heteroptera (Gerromorpha and Nepomorpha) occurring in Brazil 2958, pp. 1-74 in Zootaxa 2958 (1) on page 10, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2958.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5281851
A Roadmap for Discretely Energy-Stable Schemes for Dissipative Systems Based on a Generalized Auxiliary Variable with Guaranteed Positivity
Creators: name: Yang, Zhiguo
name: Dong, Suchuan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science (cs.CE)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We present a framework for devising discretely energy-stable schemes for general dissipative systems based on a generalized auxiliary variable. The auxiliary variable, a scalar number, can be defined in terms of the energy functional by a general class of functions, not limited to the square root function adopted in previous approaches. The current method has another remarkable property: the computed values for the generalized auxiliary variable are guaranteed to be positive on the discrete level, regardless of the time step sizes or the external forces. This property of guaranteed positivity is not available in previous approaches. A unified procedure for treating the dissipative governing equations and the generalized auxiliary variable on the discrete level has been presented. The discrete energy stability of the proposed numerical scheme and the positivity of the computed auxiliary variable have been proved for general dissipative systems. The current method, termed gPAV (generalized Positive Auxiliary Variable), requires only the solution of linear algebraic equations within a time step. With appropriate choice of the operator in the algorithm, the resultant linear algebraic systems upon discretization involve only constant and time-independent coefficient matrices, which only need to be computed once and can be pre-computed. Several specific dissipative systems are studied in relative detail using the gPAV framework. Ample numerical experiments are presented to demonstrate the performance of the method, and the robustness of the scheme at large time step sizes.
description: 50 pages, 20 figures, 1 table
Table S1 from Melanism protects alpine zooplankton from DNA damage caused by ultraviolet radiation
Creators: name: Ulbing, Cynthia K. S.
name: Muuse, Julia M.
name: Miner, Brooks E.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Microsatellite allele sizes for all Daphnia melanica genotypes used in this study.
Efficient Unitary T-designs from Random Sums
Creators: name: Chen, Chi-Fang
name: Docter, Jordan
name: Xu, Michelle
name: Bouland, Adam
name: Hayden, Patrick
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Data Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Unitary $T$-designs play an important role in quantum information, with diverse applications in quantum algorithms, benchmarking, tomography, and communication. Until now, the most efficient construction of unitary $T$-designs for $n$-qudit systems has been via random local quantum circuits, which have been shown to converge to approximate $T$-designs in the diamond norm using $O(T^{5+o(1)} n^2)$ quantum gates. In this work, we provide a new construction of $T$-designs via random matrix theory using $\tilde{O}(T^2 n^2)$ quantum gates. Our construction leverages two key ideas. First, in the spirit of central limit theorems, we approximate the Gaussian Unitary Ensemble (GUE) by an i.i.d. sum of random Hermitian matrices. Second, we show that the product of just two exponentiated GUE matrices is already approximately Haar random. Thus, multiplying two exponentiated sums over rather simple random matrices yields a unitary $T$-design, via Hamiltonian simulation. A central feature of our proof is a new connection between the polynomial method in quantum query complexity and the large-dimension ($N$) expansion in random matrix theory. In particular, we show that the polynomial method provides exponentially improved bounds on the high moments of certain random matrix ensembles, without requiring intricate Weingarten calculations. In doing so, we define and solve a new type of moment problem on the unit circle, asking whether a finite number of equally weighted points, corresponding to eigenvalues of unitary matrices, can reproduce a given set of moments.
description: 112 pages, 4 figures
Additional file 1 of Acute exacerbation of fibrotic hypersensitivity pneumonitis: incidence and outcomes
Creators: name: Jieun Kang
name: Kim, Yeon Joo
name: Jooae Choe
name: Chae, Eun Jin
name: Song, Jin Woo
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Ecology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1. Additional tables.
Additional file 1 of Examination of gender differences in patients with takotsubo syndrome according to left ventricular biopsy: two case reports
Creators: name: Murakami, Tsutomu
name: Komiyama, Tomoyoshi
name: Matsumoto, Shingo
name: Kajiwara, Hiroshi
name: Kobayashi, Hiroyuki
name: Ikari, Yuji
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Results of the RNA sample quality test, Table S3: The results of gene ontology analysis in the female subject, Table S4: The results of Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analysis in the female subject, Table S5: The results of the male subject via gene ontology analysis, and Table S6: The results of Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analysis in the male subject (Word, .doc)
Coexistence of fast and slow gamma oscillations in one population of inhibitory spiking neurons
Creators: name: Bi, Hongjie
name: Segneri, Marco
name: di Volo, Matteo
name: Torcini, Alessandro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Oscillations are a hallmark of neural population activity in various brain regions with a spectrum covering a wide range of frequencies. Within this spectrum gamma oscillations have received particular attention due to their ubiquitous nature and to their correlation with higher brain functions. Recently, it has been reported that gamma oscillations in the hippocampus of behaving rodents are segregated in two distinct frequency bands: slow and fast. These two gamma rhythms correspond to dfferent states of the network, but their origin has been not yet clarified. Here, we show theoretically and numerically that a single inhibitory population can give rise to coexisting slow and fast gamma rhythms corresponding to collective oscillations of a balanced spiking network. The slow and fast gamma rhythms are generated via two different mechanisms: the fast one being driven by the coordinated tonic neural firing and the slow one by endogenous fluctuations due to irregular neural activity. We show that almost instantaneous stimulations can switch the collective gamma oscillations from slow to fast and vice versa. Furthermore, to make a closer contact with the experimental observations, we consider the modulation of the gamma rhythms induced by a slower (theta) rhythm driving the network dynamics. In this context, depending on the strength of the forcing, we observe phase-amplitude and phase-phase coupling between the fast and slow gamma oscillations and the theta forcing. Phase-phase coupling reveals different theta-phases preferences for the two coexisting gamma rhythms.
description: 20 pages, 14 figures
Rheumatobates hamatus Drake & Chapman 1954
Creators: name: Moreira, Felipe Ferraz Figueiredo
name: Barbosa, Julianna Freires
name: Ribeiro, José Ricardo Inacio
name: Alecrim, Viviani Pereira
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Gerridae
Rheumatobates
Rheumatobates hamatus

description: Rheumatobates hamatus Drake & Chapman, 1954
Geographical distribution: Brazil.
Distribution in Brazil: North Region (PA) (Drake & Chapman 1954).
description: Published as part of Moreira, Felipe Ferraz Figueiredo, Barbosa, Julianna Freires, Ribeiro, José Ricardo Inacio & Alecrim, Viviani Pereira, 2011, Checklist and distribution of semiaquatic and aquatic Heteroptera (Gerromorpha and Nepomorpha) occurring in Brazil 2958, pp. 1-74 in Zootaxa 2958 (1) on page 10, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2958.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5281851
Additional file 3 of Serum fatty acid-binding protein 4 levels and responses of pancreatic islet β-cells and α-cells in patients with type 2 diabetes
Creators: name: Wang, Hong
name: Cao, Jie
name: Su, Jian-bin
name: Wang, Xue-qin
name: Wang, Xing
name: Zhang, Dong-mei
name: Wang, Xiao-hua
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Hematology

description: Additional file3: Figure S2. The relationships between serum FABP4 and islet β-cell function indices in patients with T2D after adjusting for the glucose-lowering therapies.
Neutron scattering study of cyrstal fields in CeRhIn5
Creators: name: Christianson, A. D.
name: Lawrence, J. M.
name: Pagliuso, P. G.
name: Moreno, N. O.
name: Sarrao, J. L.
name: Thompson, J. D.
name: Riseborough, P. S.
name: Kern, S.
name: Goremychkin, E. A.
name: Lacerda, A. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Neutron scattering results for the tetragonal compound CeRhIn5 give evidence for two crystal field (CF) excitations at 6.9 and 23.6 meV. The scattering can be fit assuming a set of CF parameters B$^{0}_{2}$ = -1.03 meV, B$^{0}_{4}$ = 0.044 meV and B$^{4}_{4}$ = 0.122 meV. To compare our results to previous work, we calculate the susceptibility and specific heat for this CF scheme, including a molecular field term $λ= $35 mol/emu to account for the Kondo effect. We also include a calculation based on these CF parameters that uses the non-crossing approximation to the Anderson model to estimate the effect of Kondo physics on the susceptibility, specific heat and neutron linewidths.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures
On the Bit Complexity of Iterated Memory
Creators: name: Toyos-Marfurt, Guillermo
name: Kuznetsov, Petr
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Computability, in the presence of asynchrony and failures, is one of the central questions in distributed computing. The celebrated asynchronous computability theorem (ACT) characterizes the computing power of the read-write shared-memory model through the geometric properties of its protocol complex: a combinatorial structure describing the states the model can reach via its finite executions. This characterization assumes that the memory is of unbounded capacity, in particular, it is able to store the exponentially growing states of the full-information protocol.
 In this paper, we tackle an orthogonal question: what is the minimal memory capacity that allows us to simulate a given number of rounds of the full-information protocol? In the iterated immediate snapshot model (IIS), we determine necessary and sufficient conditions on the number of bits an IIS element should be able to store so that the resulting protocol is equivalent, up to isomorphism, to the full-information protocol. Our characterization implies that $n\geq 3$ processes can simulate $r$ rounds of the full-information IIS protocol as long as the bit complexity per process is $Θ(r n \log n)$. Two processes, however, can simulate any number of rounds of the full-information protocol using only $2$ bits per process, which implies, in particular, that just $2$ bits per process are sufficient to solve $\varepsilon$-agreement for arbitrarily small $\varepsilon$.
description: 21 pages, 4 figures. Presented at the 31st International Colloquium On Structural Information and Communication Complexity (SIROCCO 2024)
Structure and mass distribution of spiral galaxies at intermediate redshifts
Creators: name: Tamm, Antti
name: Tenjes, Peeter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using the HST archive WFPC2 observations and rotation curves measeured by Vogt et al. (1996), we constructed self-consistent light and mass distribution models for three disk galaxies at redshifts z = 0.15, 0.90 and 0.99. The models consist of three components: the bulge, the disk and the dark matter. Spatial density distribution parameters for the components were calculated. After applying k-corrections, mass-to-light ratios for galactic disks within the maximum disk assumption are M/L_B = 4.4, 1.2 and 1.2, respectively. Corresponding central densities of dark matter halos within a truncated isothermal model are 0.0092, 0.028 and 0.015 in units M_sol/pc^3. The light distribution of galaxies in outer parts is steeper than a simple exponential disk.
description: 9 pages, 9 eps figures, Astron. & Astrophys. submitted
Additional file 4 of Serum fatty acid-binding protein 4 levels and responses of pancreatic islet β-cells and α-cells in patients with type 2 diabetes
Creators: name: Wang, Hong
name: Cao, Jie
name: Su, Jian-bin
name: Wang, Xue-qin
name: Wang, Xing
name: Zhang, Dong-mei
name: Wang, Xiao-hua
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Hematology

description: Additional file4: Figure S3. The relationship between serum FABP4 and AUCcp0-30min in patients with T2D.
Comment on "Breakdown of the Internet under Intentional Attack"
Creators: name: Dorogovtsev, S. N.
name: Mendes, J. F. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We obtain the exact position of the percolation threshold in intentionally damaged scale-free networks.
description: 1 page, to appear in Phys. Rev. Lett
On the cohomology of Lie algebras associated with graphs
Creators: name: Aldi, Marco
name: Butler, Andrew
name: Gardiner, Jordan
name: Grandini, Daniele
name: Lichtenwalner, Monica
name: Pan, Kevin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: K-Theory and Homology (math.KT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We describe a canonical decomposition of the cohomology of the Dani-Mainkar metabelian Lie algebras associated with graphs. As applications, we obtain explicit formulas for the third cohomology of any Dani-Mainkar Lie algebra and for the cohomology in all degrees of Lie algebras associated with arbitrary star graphs. We also describe a procedure to reduce the calculation of the cohomology of solvable Lie algebras associated with graphs through the Grantcharov-Grantcharov-Iliev construction to the cohomology of Dani-Mainkar Lie algebras.
description: 17 pages, minor corrections
Development, Climate Change Adaptation, and Maladaptation: Some Econometric Evidence
Creators: name: Bosello, Francesco
name: Dasgupta, Shouro
name: Bosello, Francesco
name: Dasgupta, Shouro
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: Climate Change Damages
subject: Adaptation
subject: Panel Granger Causality

description: This paper examines the determinants of climate related disasters and attempts to estimate the presence of adaptive capacity in terms of per capita income and population density elasticities. We find evidence of adaptive capacity in a “weak” form both in terms of income and population density elasticities over our entire sample. That is, damages are in fact increasing with income and population, but less than proportionally. There is also evidence of countries improving their adaptive capacity over the long run, but of maladaptation occurring in the short run. Repeating the analysis splitting the sample by per-capita income levels, we find that higher income countries show adaptive capacity in a “strong form”, i.e. damages decrease with GDP, while lower income countries highlight exactly the opposite behavior. Finally, using Granger causality tests for panel data, we find evidence of increase in GDP per capita Granger causing climate related damages for lower income countries, but not in higher income countries.
Do Kepler superflare stars really include slowly-rotating Sun-like stars ? - Results using APO 3.5m telescope spectroscopic observations and Gaia-DR2 data -
Creators: name: Notsu, Yuta
name: Maehara, Hiroyuki
name: Honda, Satoshi
name: Hawley, Suzanne L.
name: Davenport, James R. A.
name: Namekata, Kosuke
name: Notsu, Shota
name: Ikuta, Kai
name: Nogami, Daisaku
name: Shibata, Kazunari
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the latest view of Kepler solar-type (G-type main-sequence) superflare stars, including recent updates with Apache Point Observatory (APO) 3.5m telescope spectroscopic observations and Gaia-DR2 data. First, we newly conducted APO3.5m spectroscopic observations of 18 superflare stars found from Kepler 1-min time cadence data. More than half (43 stars) are confirmed to be "single" stars, among 64 superflare stars in total that have been spectroscopically investigated so far in this APO3.5m and our previous Subaru/HDS observations. The measurements of $v\sin i$ (projected rotational velocity) and chromospheric lines (Ca II H\&K and Ca II 8542Å) support the brightness variation of superflare stars is caused by the rotation of a star with large starspots. We then investigated the statistical properties of Kepler solar-type superflare stars by incorporating Gaia-DR2 stellar radius estimates. As a result, the maximum superflare energy continuously decreases as the rotation period $P_{\mathrm{rot}}$ increases. Superflares with energies $\lesssim 5\times10^{34}$ erg occur on old, slowly-rotating Sun-like stars ($P_{\mathrm{rot}}\sim$25 days) approximately once every 2000--3000 years, while young rapidly-rotating stars with $P_{\mathrm{rot}}\sim$ a few days have superflares up to $10^{36}$ erg. The maximum starspot area does not depend on the rotation period when the star is young, but as the rotation slows down, it starts to steeply decrease at $P_{\mathrm{rot}}\gtrsim$12 days for Sun-like stars. These two decreasing trends are consistent since the magnetic energy stored around starspots explains the flare energy, but other factors like spot magnetic structure should also be considered.
description: 71 pages, 31 figures, 10 tables. Accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journal (on March 29, 2019)
Vacuum replicas in QCD
Creators: name: Bicudo, P. J. A.
name: Nefediev, A. V.
name: Ribeiro, J. E. F. T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The properties of the vacuum are addressed in the two- and four-dimensional quark models for QCD. It is demonstrated that the two-dimensional QCD ('t Hooft model) possesses only one possible vacuum state - the solution to the mass-gap equation, which provides spontaneous breaking of the chiral symmetry (SBCS). On the contrary, the four-dimensional theory with confinement modeled by the linear potential supplied by the Coulomb OGE interaction, not only has the chirally-noninvariant ground vacuum state, but it possesses an excited vacuum replica, which also exhibits SBCS and can realize as a metastable intermediate state of hadronic systems. We discuss the influence of the latter on physical observables as well as on the possibility to probe the vacuum background fields in QCD.
description: RevTeX4, 26 pages, 8 EPS figures, extended references, corrected some typos, to appear in Phys.Rev.D
Meridional Circulation Streamlined
Creators: name: Banik, Deepayan
name: Menou, Kristen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Time-dependent meridional circulation and differential rotation in radiative zones are central open issues in stellar evolution theory. We streamline this challenging problem using the downward control principle of atmospheric science, under a geostrophic f-plane approximation. We recover the known stellar physics result that the steady-state meridional circulation decays on the length scale proportional to N/f sqrt(Pr), assuming molecular viscosity is the dominant drag mechanism. Prior to steady-state, the meridional circulation and the zonal wind (= differential rotation) spread together via radiative diffusion, under thermal wind balance. The corresponding (4th-order) hyperdiffusion process is reasonably well approximated by regular (2nd-order) diffusion on scales of order a pressure scale-height. We derive an inhomogeneous diffusion (equiv. advection-diffusion) equation for the zonal flow which admits closed-form time-dependent solutions in a finite depth domain, allowing for rapid prototyping of differential rotation profiles. In the weak drag limit, we find that the time to rotational steady-state can be longer than the Eddington-Sweet time and be instead determined by the longer drag time. Unless strong enough drag operates, the internal rotation of main-sequence stars may thus never reach steady-state. Streamlined meridional circulation solutions provide leading-order internal rotation profiles for studying the role of fluid/MHD instabilities (or waves) in redistributing angular momentum in the radiative zones of stars. Despite clear geometrical limitations and simplifying assumptions, one might expect our thin-layer geostrophic approach to offer qualitatively useful results to understand deep meridional circulation in stars.
description: 14 pages, 5 figures, accepted for publication in Geophysical and Astrophysical Fluid Dynamics