cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Open-ended versus guided laboratory activities: Impact on students' beliefs about experimental physics
Creators: name: Wilcox, Bethany R.
name: Lewandowski, H. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Physics Education (physics.ed-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Improving students' understanding of the nature of experimental physics is often an explicit or implicit goal of undergraduate laboratory physics courses. However, lab activities in traditional lab courses are typically characterized by highly structured, guided labs that often do not require or encourage students to engage authentically in the process of experimental physics. Alternatively, open-ended laboratory activities can provide a more authentic learning environment by, for example, allowing students to exercise greater autonomy in what and how physical phenomena are investigated. Engaging in authentic practices may be a critical part of improving students' beliefs around the nature of experimental physics. Here, we investigate the impact of open-ended activities in undergraduate lab courses on students' epistemologies and expectations about the nature of experimental physics, as well as their confidence and affect, as measured by the Colorado Learning Attitudes about Science Survey for Experimental Physics (E-CLASS). Using a national data set of student responses to the E-CLASS, we find that the inclusion of some open-ended lab activities in a lab course correlates with more expert-like postinstruction responses relative to courses that include only traditional guided lab activities. This finding holds when examining postinstruction E-CLASS scores while controlling for the variance associated with preinstruction scores, course level, student major, and student gender.
description: 8 pages, 2 figures, submitted to Phys. Rev. - PER. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1606.02629
Using a Disco Ball to Observing the Sun - and Partial Solar Eclipses
Creators: name: Cumming, Robert
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Title: Using a Disco Ball to Observing the Sun - and Partial Solar Eclipses

Presenter: Robert Cumming (Onsala Space Observatory, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden)

Collaborator:Alex G. M. Pietrow (AIP, Potsdam, Germany)

 

This was a poster presented at the 5th Shaw-IAU Workshop on Astronomy for Education, organised by the IAU Office of Astronomy for Education (OAE, http//astro4edu.org).

For many students textbooks become the first contact point to kindle interest in a subject, like Astronomy explaining the day-to-day natural phenomena. Textbooks are instrumental in facilitating the scientific discourse in a classroom. Astronomy is introduced in middle school textbooks in many curricula across the world, most of the time it gets limited to mere collections of facts and observed phenomena, creating little appreciation for the nature of science. This study involved designing a framework for evaluating the completeness of the astronomy-related content in school textbooks. In this talk, I will present the case of two curricula from India to bring out the rationale behind the design and introduce the General Textbook Evaluation Tool developed for Astronomy content.

About the 5th Shaw-IAU Workshop on Astronomy for Education:This year’s Shaw-IAU Workshop on Astronomy for Education focuses on two themes: one special practical astronomy education topic and one scientific topic. The special topic is astronomy education outside the classroom, looking at how astronomy can be taught in a diverse range of environments such as science centers, planetaria and youth clubs. The scientific topic is planetary atmospheres, both in the solar system and exoplanets as well as our own Earth. The workshop was organised by the IAU Office of Astronomy for Education (http://astro4edu.org). More details can be found on: https://astro4edu.org/shaw-iau/5th-shaw-iau-workshop/schedule/

Keep up to date with future Shaw-IAU Workshops and other opportunities at the IAU Office of Astronomy for Education by joining our mailing list https://astro4edu.org/mailing-list/

Follow the IAU OAE on X and Facebook under @astro4edu
Characterization of crystal structure and precipitation crystallography of a new MgxAl2-xGd phase in Mg97Al1Gd2 alloy
Creators: name: Gu, X. -F.
name: Furuhara, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The composition, crystal structure and precipitation crystallography of a newly found precipitate are characterized by a Cs-corrected scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM). The composition of the plate-like precipitate could be expressed as MgxAl2-xGd (x = 0.38), and its crystal structure is the same as the fcc type Laves phases Mg2Gd and Al2Gd with the lattice parameter of 7.92 Angstrom (space group No. 227, Fd-3m). The orientation relationship between the matrix and precipitate is found to be (0001)m // (111)p and [10-10]m // [1-10]p, and the habit plane is parallel to (0001)m // (111)p plane. In addition, this preferred crystallography of phase transformation is well explained based on the atomic matching in the interface.
Spatial Thinking in Astronomy Education: Bridging Gaps Through Linguistic and Cognitive Perspectives
Creators: name: Jafari, Saeed
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Astronomy Education

description: Title:Spatial Thinking in Astronomy Education: Bridging Gaps Through Linguistic and Cognitive Perspectives

Presenter: Saeed Jafari (Department of Linguistics, University of Kurdistan, Iran)

 

This was a poster presented at the 5th Shaw-IAU Workshop on Astronomy for Education, organised by the IAU Office of Astronomy for Education (OAE, http//astro4edu.org).

In the realm of astronomy and physics, the paramount role of spatial thinking in exploration, comprehension, and transmission is firmly established. Understanding many astronomical phenomena requires spatial thinking skills, and astronomy is no exception. Functioning in our three-dimensional world in particular in astronomy requires spatial thinking about shapes, locations, and paths of objects along with relationships among objects and frames of reference (Newcombe, 2015). This talk shares the striking absence of spatial thinking and its potential impact on astronomy education, as well as examples of how to teach astronomical phenomena and celestial concepts in different linguistic and cultural contexts. Additionally, I will discuss the current state of spatial thinking in education.

About the 5th Shaw-IAU Workshop on Astronomy for Education:This year’s Shaw-IAU Workshop on Astronomy for Education focuses on two themes: one special practical astronomy education topic and one scientific topic. The special topic is astronomy education outside the classroom, looking at how astronomy can be taught in a diverse range of environments such as science centers, planetaria and youth clubs. The scientific topic is planetary atmospheres, both in the solar system and exoplanets as well as our own Earth. The workshop was organised by the IAU Office of Astronomy for Education (http://astro4edu.org). More details can be found on: https://astro4edu.org/shaw-iau/5th-shaw-iau-workshop/schedule/

Keep up to date with future Shaw-IAU Workshops and other opportunities at the IAU Office of Astronomy for Education by joining our mailing list https://astro4edu.org/mailing-list/

Follow the IAU OAE on X and Facebook under @astro4edu
Thermally induced magnon accumulation in two-sublattice magnets
Creators: name: Ritzmann, Ulrike
name: Hinzke, Denise
name: Nowak, Ulrich
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a temperature dependent study of the thermal excitation of magnonic spin currents in two-sublattice magnetic materials. Using atomistic spin model simulations, we study the local magnetization profiles in the vicinity of a temperature step in antiferromagnets, as well as in ferrimagnets. It is shown that the strength of the excitation of the spin currents in these systems scales with the derivative of the magnetization with respect to the temperature.
Improvement of image-type very-low-energy-electron-diffraction spin polarimeter
Creators: name: Zha, Heming
name: Liu, Wenjing
name: Wang, Deyang
name: Zhao, Bo
name: Shen, XiaoPing
name: Ye, Mao
name: Qiao, Shan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Spin- and angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (SARPES) with high efficiency and resolution plays a crucial role in exploring the fine spin-resolved band structures of quantum materials. Here we report the performance of SARPES instrument with a second-generation home-made multichannel very-low-energy-electron-diffraction (VLEED) spin polarimeter. Its energy and angular resolutions achieve 7.2 meV and 0.52°. We present the results of SARPES measurements of Bi(111) film to demonstrate its performance. Combined with the density functional theory (DFT) calculations, the spin polarization of the bulk states was confirmed from the spin-layer locking caused by the local inversion asymmetry. The surface states at binding energy of 0.77 eV are found with 1.0 {\pm} 0.11 spin polarization. The better resolutions and stability compared with the first-generation one provide a good platform to investigate the spin-polarized electronic states in materials.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures
Finding a Sense of Place in the Pacific Diaspora: Pasifika Performance in Aotearoa
Creators: name: O'Donnell, David
Publisher: name: Open Access Te Herenga Waka-Victoria University of Wellington
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 3602
subject: Creative and professional writing
classificationCode: 3604
subject: Performing arts
classificationCode: 360403
subject: Drama, theatre and performance studies

description: No description supplied
Survey strategy optimization for the Atacama Cosmology Telescope
Creators: name: De Bernardis, F.
name: Stevens, J. R.
name: Hasselfield, M.
name: Alonso, D.
name: Bond, J. R.
name: Calabrese, E.
name: Choi, S. K.
name: Crowley, K. T.
name: Devlin, M.
name: Dunkley, J.
name: Gallardo, P. A.
name: Henderson, S. W.
name: Hilton, M.
name: Hlozek, R.
name: Ho, S. P.
name: Huffenberger, K.
name: Koopman, B. J.
name: Kosowsky, A.
name: Louis, T.
name: Madhavacheril, M. S.
name: McMahon, J.
name: Naess, S.
name: Nati, F.
name: Newburgh, L.
name: Niemack, M. D.
name: Page, L. A.
name: Salatino, M.
name: Schillaci, A.
name: Schmitt, B. L.
name: Sehgal, N.
name: Sievers, J. L.
name: Simon, S. M.
name: Spergel, D. N.
name: Staggs, S. T.
name: van Engelen, A.
name: Vavagiakis, E. M.
name: Wollack, E. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In recent years there have been significant improvements in the sensitivity and the angular resolution of the instruments dedicated to the observation of the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB). ACTPol is the first polarization receiver for the Atacama Cosmology Telescope (ACT) and is observing the CMB sky with arcmin resolution over about 2000 sq. deg. Its upgrade, Advanced ACTPol (AdvACT), will observe the CMB in five frequency bands and over a larger area of the sky. We describe the optimization and implementation of the ACTPol and AdvACT surveys. The selection of the observed fields is driven mainly by the science goals, that is, small angular scale CMB measurements, B-mode measurements and cross-correlation studies. For the ACTPol survey we have observed patches of the southern galactic sky with low galactic foreground emissions which were also chosen to maximize the overlap with several galaxy surveys to allow unique cross-correlation studies. A wider field in the northern galactic cap ensured significant additional overlap with the BOSS spectroscopic survey. The exact shapes and footprints of the fields were optimized to achieve uniform coverage and to obtain cross-linked maps by observing the fields with different scan directions. We have maximized the efficiency of the survey by implementing a close to 24 hour observing strategy, switching between daytime and nighttime observing plans and minimizing the telescope idle time. We describe the challenges represented by the survey optimization for the significantly wider area observed by AdvACT, which will observe roughly half of the low-foreground sky. The survey strategies described here may prove useful for planning future ground-based CMB surveys, such as the Simons Observatory and CMB Stage IV surveys.
description: 14 Pages, 9 Figures, 4 Tables
Inter-session reliability of functional near-Infrared spectroscopy at the prefrontal cortex while walking in multiple sclerosis
Creators: name: Broscheid, Kim-Charline
name: Hamacher, Dennis
name: Lamprecht, Juliane
name: Sailer, Michael
name: Schega, Lutz
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Hemodynamic response
subject: MS
subject: Cortical activity
subject: 610

description: Many established technologies are limited in analyzing the executive functions in motion, especially while walking. Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) fills this gap. The aim of the study is to investigate the inter-session reliability (ISR) of fNIRS-derived parameters at the prefrontal cortex while walking in people with multiple sclerosis (MS) and healthy control (HC) individuals. Twenty people with MS/HC individuals walked a 12 m track back and forth over 6 min. The primary outcomes were the absolute and relative reliability of the mean, slope coe cient (SC), and area under the curve (A) of the oxy-/deoxyhemoglobin concentrations (HbO/HbR) in the Brodmann areas (BA) 9/46/10. The SC and the A of HbO exhibited a fair ISR in BA10 in people with MS. For the mean and A of the HbR, almost all areas observed revealed a fair ISR. Overall, the ISR was better for HbR than HbO. A fair to excellent ISR was found for most BA of the prefrontal cortex in HC individuals. In total, the ISR of the analyzed fNIRS-derived parameters was limited. To improve the ISR, confounders such as fatigue and mind wandering should be minimized. When reporting the ISR, the focus should be on the mean/A rather than SC.
Radiation-induced mobility of small defect clusters in covalent materials
Creators: name: Jiang, Hao
name: He, Li
name: Morgan, Dane
name: Voyles, Paul M.
name: Szlufarska, Izabela
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Although defect clusters are detrimental to electronic and mechanical properties of semiconductor materials, annihilation of such clusters is limited by their lack of thermal mobility due to high migration barriers. Here, we find that small clusters in bulk SiC (a covalent material of importance for both electronic and nuclear applications) can become mobile at room temperature under the influence of electron radiation. So far, direct observation of radiation-induced diffusion of defect clusters in bulk materials has not been demonstrated yet. This finding was made possible by low angle annular dark field (LAADF) scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) combined with non-rigid registration technique to remove sample instability, which enables atomic resolution imaging of small migrating defect clusters. We show that the underlying mechanism of this athermal diffusion is ballistic collision between incoming electrons and cluster atoms. Our findings suggest that defect clusters may be mobile under certain irradiation conditions, changing current understanding of cluster annealing process in irradiated covalent materials.
title: Giant nonlinear self-phase modulation of large-amplitude spin waves in microscopic YIG waveguides
Creators: name: Merbouche, H.
name: Divinskiy, B.
name: Nikolaev, K. O.
name: Kaspar, Christoph
name: Pernice, Wolfram
name: Gouéré, D.
name: Lebrun, Romain
name: Cros, V.
name: Youssef, Jamal Ben
name: Bortolotti, P.
name: Anane, A.
name: Demokritov, S. O.
name: Demidov, V. E.
Publisher: name: University of Muenster, Institutional Repository MIAMI
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 530 Physics

description: Nonlinear self-phase modulation is a universal phenomenon responsible, for example, for the formation of propagating dynamic solitons. It has been reported for waves of different physical nature. However its direct experimental observation for spin waves has been challenging. Here we show that exceptionally strong phase modulation can be achieved for spin waves in microscopic waveguides fabricated from nanometer-thick films of magnetic insulator, which support propagation of spin waves with large amplitudes corresponding to angles of magnetization precession exceeding 10°. At these amplitudes, the nonstationary nonlinear dynamic response of the spin system causes an extreme broadening of the spectrum of spin-wave pulses resulting in a strong spatial variation of the spin-wave wavelength and a temporal variation of the spin-wave phase across the pulse. Our findings demonstrate great complexity of nonlinear wave processes in microscopic magnetic structures and importance of their understanding for technical applications of spin waves in integrated devices.
description: Finanziert über die DEAL-Vereinbarung mit Wiley 2019-2022.
Designing an Evaluation Framework and Tool for Astronomy Content in School Textbooks
Creators: name: Redij, Asmita
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Astronomy Education

description: Title: Designing an Evaluation Framework and Tool for Astronomy Content in School Textbooks

Presenter: Asmita Redij (Homi Bhabha Centre for Science Education, India)

Collaborators:Pritesh RanadiveProf. Aniket Sule

 

This was a poster presented at the 5th Shaw-IAU Workshop on Astronomy for Education, organised by the IAU Office of Astronomy for Education (OAE, http//astro4edu.org).

For many students textbooks become the first contact point to kindle interest in a subject, like Astronomy explaining the day-to-day natural phenomena. Textbooks are instrumental in facilitating the scientific discourse in a classroom. Astronomy is introduced in middle school textbooks in many curricula across the world, most of the time it gets limited to mere collections of facts and observed phenomena, creating little appreciation for the nature of science. This study involved designing a framework for evaluating the completeness of the astronomy-related content in school textbooks. In this talk, I will present the case of two curricula from India to bring out the rationale behind the design and introduce the General Textbook Evaluation Tool developed for Astronomy content.

About the 5th Shaw-IAU Workshop on Astronomy for Education:This year’s Shaw-IAU Workshop on Astronomy for Education focuses on two themes: one special practical astronomy education topic and one scientific topic. The special topic is astronomy education outside the classroom, looking at how astronomy can be taught in a diverse range of environments such as science centers, planetaria and youth clubs. The scientific topic is planetary atmospheres, both in the solar system and exoplanets as well as our own Earth. The workshop was organised by the IAU Office of Astronomy for Education (http://astro4edu.org). More details can be found on: https://astro4edu.org/shaw-iau/5th-shaw-iau-workshop/schedule/

Keep up to date with future Shaw-IAU Workshops and other opportunities at the IAU Office of Astronomy for Education by joining our mailing list https://astro4edu.org/mailing-list/

Follow the IAU OAE on X and Facebook under @astro4edu
Laryngeal lesion classification based on vascular patterns in contact endoscopy and narrow band imaging : manual versus automatic approach
Creators: name: Esmaeili, Nazila
name: Illanes, Alfredo
name: Boese, Axel
name: Davaris, Nikolaos
name: Arens, Christoph
name: Navab, Nassir
name: Friebe, Michael
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Laryngeal cancer
subject: Contact endoscopy
subject: Narrow band imaging
subject: 510

description: Longitudinal and perpendicular changes in the vocal fold’s blood vessels are associated with the development of benign and malignant laryngeal lesions. The combination of Contact Endoscopy (CE) and Narrow Band Imaging (NBI) can provide intraoperative real-time visualization of the vascular changes in the laryngeal mucosa. However, the visual evaluation of vascular patterns in CE-NBI images is challenging and highly depends on the clinicians’ experience. The current study aims to evaluate and compare the performance of a manual and an automatic approach for laryngeal lesion’s classification based on vascular patterns in CE-NBI images. In the manual approach, six observers visually evaluated a series of CE+NBI images that belong to a patient and then classified the patient as benign or malignant. For the automatic classification, an algorithm based on characterizing the level of the vessel’s disorder in combination with four supervised classifiers was used to classify CE-NBI images. The results showed that the manual approach’s subjective evaluation could be reduced by using a computer-based approach. Moreover, the automatic approach showed the potential to work as an assistant system in case of disagreements among clinicians and to reduce the manual approach’s misclassification issue.
Unintended electromagnetic radiation from Starlink satellites detected with LOFAR between 110 and 188 MHz
Creators: name: Di Vruno, F.
name: Winkel, B.
name: Bassa, C. G.
name: Józsa, G. I. G.
name: Brentjens, M. A.
name: Jessner, A.
name: Garrington, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on observations of 68 satellites belonging to the SpaceX Starlink constellation with the LOFAR radio telescope. Radiation associated with Starlink satellites was detected at observing frequencies between 110 and 188 MHz. A combination of broad-band features, covering the entire observed bandwidth, as well as narrow-band (bandwidth < 12.2 kHz) emission at frequencies of 125, 135, 143.05, 150, and 175 MHz, was observed. The presence and properties of both the narrow- and broad-band features vary between satellites at different orbital altitudes. While the narrow-band detections at 143.05 MHz can be attributed to reflections of radar signals from the French GRAVES Space Surveillance Radar, the signal properties of the broad- and narrow-band features at the other frequencies suggest that this radiation is intrinsic to the Starlink satellites and it is seen for 47 out of the 68 Starlink satellites that were observed. We observed spectral power flux densities vary from 0.1 to 10 Jy for broad-band radiation, to 10 to 500 Jy for some of the narrow-band radiation, equivalent to electric field strengths of up to 49 dB[uV/m] (as measured at a 10 m distance from the satellites, with a measurement bandwidth of 120 kHz). In addition, we present equivalent power flux density simulations of the full Starlink phase 1 constellation, as well as other satellite constellations, for one frequency band allocated to radio astronomy by the International Telecommunication Union (ITU). With these, we calculate the maximum radiation level that each satellite constellation would need to have to comply with regulatory limits for intended emissions in that band. However, these limits do not apply if the radiation is unintended, that is to say if it does not originate from intentionally radiated signals for radio communication or other purposes. (shortened)
description: 20 pages, 14 figures, in press
title: „Besuch im Soldatenhimmel" / Text und gelesen von: Dr. Uwe Hartmann
Creators: name: Hartmann, Uwe
Publisher: name: ZMSBw
Year: 2023

description: Rezension von: Kutz, Martin Besuch im Soldatenhimmel : ein wissenschaftlicher Reisebericht aus einer anderen Welt / Martin Kutz. - Berlin : Carola Hartmann Miles-Verlag, 2022. - 80 Seiten : Illustrationen. - Literaturverzeichnis: Seite 72-73. ISBN 978-3-96776-047-7
description: Angelesen. : das Buchjournal des ZMSBw / Zentrum für Militärgeschichte und Sozialwissenschaften der Bundeswehr; [64]
Cu nuclear magnetic resonance study of charge and spin stripe order in La$_{1.875}$Ba$_{0.125}$CuO$_4$
Creators: name: Pelc, Damjan
name: Grafe, Hans-Joachim
name: Gu, Genda D.
name: Požek, Miroslav
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a Cu nuclear magnetic/quadrupole resonance study of the charge stripe ordered phase of LBCO, with detection of previously unobserved ('wiped-out') signal. We show that spin-spin and spin-lattice relaxation rates are strongly enhanced in the charge ordered phase, explaining the apparent signal decrease in earlier investigations. The enhancement is caused by magnetic, rather than charge fluctuations, conclusively confirming the long-suspected assumption that spin fluctuations are responsible for the wipeout effect. Observation of the full Cu signal enables insight into the spin and charge dynamics of the stripe-ordered phase, and measurements in external magnetic fields provide information on the nature and suppression of spin fluctuations associated with charge order. We find glassy spin dynamics, in agreement with previous work, and incommensurate static charge order with charge modulation amplitude similar to other cuprate compounds, suggesting that the amplitude of charge stripes is universal in the cuprates.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures
title: Die Bundeswehr – von der Gründung bis zur Zeitenwende / Text von: Alexander Barti; gelesen von: Andreas Eichner
Creators: name: Barti, Alexander
Publisher: name: ZMSBw
Year: 2023

description: Rezension von: Bredow, Wilfried von Die Bundeswehr : von der Gründung bis zur Zeitenwende / Wilfried von Bredow. - Berlin : BeBra Verlag, [2023]. - 240 Seiten : Illustrationen. - Aktualisierung des Titels: Die Geschichte der Bundeswehr / Wilfried von Bredow. - ISBN 978-3-89809-212-8
description: Angelesen. : das Buchjournal des ZMSBw / Zentrum für Militärgeschichte und Sozialwissenschaften der Bundeswehr; [65]
title: Der Sport des Militärs / Prof. Martin Elbe und Dr. Frank Reichherzer diskutierten mit Moderator Major Michael Gutzeit
Creators: name: Elbe, Martin
name: Reichherzer, Frank
name: Gutzeit, Michael
Publisher: name: ZMSBw
Year: 2023

description: Zugehört! : der Podcast des ZMSBw / Zentrum für Militärgeschichte und Sozialwissenschaften der Bundeswehr; [59]
title: General und Botschafter: was sind die Invictus Games? / Oberstleutnant Dr. Heiner Möllers vom ZMSBw [spricht] mit Brigadegeneral Alfred Marstaller und Stabsfeldwebel Stefan Huss
Creators: name: Marstaller, Alfred
name: Huss, Stefan
Publisher: name: ZMSBw
Year: 2023

description: Zugehört! : der Podcast des ZMSBw / Zentrum für Militärgeschichte und Sozialwissenschaften der Bundeswehr; [60]
New exact solutions of hydrodynamics for rehadronizing fireballs with lattice QCD equation of state
Creators: name: Csörgő, T.
name: Kasza, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe fireballs that rehadronize from a perfectly fluid quark matter to a chemically frozen, multi-component hadron gas. In the hydrodynamics of these fireballs, we utilize the lattice QCD equation of state, however, we also apply non-relativistic kinematics for simplicity and clarity. Two new classes of exact, analytic solutions of fireball hydrodynamics are presented: the first class describes triaxially expanding, non-rotating ellipsoidal fireballs, while the second class of exact solutions corresponds to spheroidally symmetric, rotating fireballs. In both classes of solutions, we find evidence for a secondary explosion, that happens just after hadrochemical freeze-out. A realistic, linear mass scaling of the slope parameters of the single particle spectra of various hadronic species is obtained analytically, as well as an also realistic, linear mass scaling of the inverse of the squared HBT radius parameters of the Bose-Einstein correlation functions.
description: 16 pages, 1 figure, talk of G. Kasza at the Low-x 2016 conference, Gy\"ongy\"os, Hungary, June 6-11, 2016
title: Daniel Schilling: "Die Rudel-Affäre 1976" / Text von: Christoph Kuhl ; gelesen von Heiner Möllers
Creators: name: Kuhl, Christoph
Publisher: name: ZMSBw
Year: 2023

description: Rezension von: Schilling, Daniel Die Rudel-Affäre 1976 : Genese, Wirkung und Folgen eines politischen Skandals / Daniel Schilling. - Berlin : Carola Hartmann Miles-Verlag, 2020. - 168 Seiten : Illustrationen. (Schriften zur Geschichte der Deutschen Luftwaffe ; Band 11) Literaturverzeichnis Seite 146-156. - ISBN 978-3-96776-009-5
description: Angelesen. : das Buchjournal des ZMSBw / Zentrum für Militärgeschichte und Sozialwissenschaften der Bundeswehr; [66]
title: Jörg Echternkamp: "Militär und Gesellschaft in Ost- und Westdeutschland" / Text von Christoph Kuhl ; gelesen von Christoph Jan Longen
Creators: name: Kuhl, Christoph
Publisher: name: ZMSBw
Year: 2023

description: Rezension von (Print): Militär und Gesellschaft in Ost- und Westdeutschland 1970–1990 / im Auftrag des Zentrums für Militärgeschichte und Sozialwissenschaften der Bundeswehr herausgegeben von Jörg Echternkamp ; mit Beiträgen von Angelika Dörfler-Dierken, Jörg Echternkamp, Dorothee Hochstetter, Markus Thurau und Rüdiger Wenzke. - 1. Auflage. - Berlin : Ch. Links Verlag, Mai 2021. - XII, 648 Seiten : Illustrationen, Karten. (Deutsch-deutsche Militärgeschichte / herausgegeben vom Zentrum für Militärgeschichte und Sozialwissenschaften der Bundeswehr ; Band 3) Literaturverzeichnis: Seite 575-637. - ISBN 978-3-96289-119-0 Rezension von (E-Book): Militär und Gesellschaft in Ost- und Westdeutschland 1970–1990 / im Auftrag des Zentrums für Militärgeschichte und Sozialwissenschaften der Bundeswehr herausgegeben von Jörg Echternkamp ; mit Beiträgen von Angelika Dörfler-Dierken, Jörg Echternkamp, Dorothee Hochstetter, Markus Thurau und Rüdiger Wenzke. - 1. Auflage. - Berlin : Ch. Links Verlag, Mai 2021. - 1 Online-Ressource (662 Seiten). - E-Book. (Deutsch-deutsche Militärgeschichte / herausgegeben vom Zentrum für Militärgeschichte und Sozialwissenschaften der Bundeswehr ; Band 3) Literaturverzeichnis: Seite 575-637
description: Angelesen. : das Buchjournal des ZMSBw / Zentrum für Militärgeschichte und Sozialwissenschaften der Bundeswehr; [67]
The Effect of Adaptive Technology on Quantitative Literacy Within the Online Astronomy Classroom
Creators: name: Beall, Grace
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Astronomy Education

description: Title: The Effect of Adaptive Technology on Quantitative Literacy Within the Online Astronomy Classroom

Presenter: Grace Beall (Arizona State University, USA)

Collaborators:Dr. Molly Simon (Arizona State University)Dr. Chris Mead (Arizona State University)

 

This was a poster presented at the 5th Shaw-IAU Workshop on Astronomy for Education, organised by the IAU Office of Astronomy for Education (OAE, http//astro4edu.org).

Quantitative literacy (QL), the ability to understand and accurately use numbers, is pivotal when learning astronomy, as prior research shows it has a strong, positive correlation with a student’s success in science courses. In this study, we measure students' QL levels pre- and post-completion of an online astrobiology course, outfitted with adaptive technology, to examine the effects of the technology on this skill set and overall course achievement. Adaptive technology provides students in the online environment with immediate, specific feedback as they answer questions and complete course material. Preliminary results suggest no significant change in students’ QL levels and a significant, moderate, direct correlation between incoming QL and final grades.

About the 5th Shaw-IAU Workshop on Astronomy for Education:This year’s Shaw-IAU Workshop on Astronomy for Education focuses on two themes: one special practical astronomy education topic and one scientific topic. The special topic is astronomy education outside the classroom, looking at how astronomy can be taught in a diverse range of environments such as science centers, planetaria and youth clubs. The scientific topic is planetary atmospheres, both in the solar system and exoplanets as well as our own Earth. The workshop was organised by the IAU Office of Astronomy for Education (http://astro4edu.org). More details can be found on: https://astro4edu.org/shaw-iau/5th-shaw-iau-workshop/schedule/

Keep up to date with future Shaw-IAU Workshops and other opportunities at the IAU Office of Astronomy for Education by joining our mailing list https://astro4edu.org/mailing-list/

Follow the IAU OAE on X and Facebook under @astro4edu
Understanding and controlling the work function of perovskite oxides using Density Functional Theory
Creators: name: Jacobs, Ryan
name: Booske, John
name: Morgan, Dane
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Perovskite oxides containing transition metals are promising materials in a wide range of electronic and electrochemical applications. However, neither their work function values nor an understanding of their work function physics have been established. Here, we predict the work function trends of a series of perovskite ($ABO_3$ formula) materials using Density Functional Theory, and show that the work functions of (001)-terminated AO- and $BO_2$-oriented surfaces can be described using concepts of electronic band filling, bond hybridization, and surface dipoles. The calculated range of AO ($BO_2$) work functions are 1.60-3.57 eV (2.99-6.87 eV). We find an approximately linear correlation ($R^2$ between 0.77-0.86, depending on surface termination) between work function and position of the oxygen 2p band center, which correlation enables both understanding and rapid prediction of work function trends. Furthermore, we identify $SrVO_3$ as a stable, low work function, highly conductive material. Undoped (Ba-doped) $SrVO_3$ has an intrinsically low AO-terminated work function of 1.86 eV (1.07 eV). These properties make $SrVO_3$ a promising candidate material for a new electron emission cathode for application in high power microwave devices, and as a potential electron emissive material for thermionic energy conversion technologies.
title: Hitlerputsch 1923. Der erste Griff zur Macht / Sendemanuskript und Regie: Christian Blees ; Aufnahme: Christian Ulrich ; Schnitt und Mischung: Ernst Bergner ; Sprecher: Ilka Teichmüller, Markus Hoffmann, Thomas Hollaender, Christian Senger ; Redaktion für das ZMSBw: Dr. Christian Adam
Creators: name: Blees, Christian
Publisher: name: ZMSBw
Year: 2023

description: Das ZMSBw-Feature; [2]
Paternalistic ageism in political speech: a rhetorical analysis of Chilean parliamentary debates on old age and older people
Creators: name: Torres-Sahli, Manuel
Publisher: name: Loughborough University
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 470199
subject: Communication and media studies not elsewhere classified

description: In this thesis, I examine how Chilean Members of Parliament (MPs) discursively construct the social identities, roles, and worth of older people through the lens of rhetorical psychology, as developed by Michael Billig (1991, 1996). By analysing key parliamentary debates on ageing-related policies between 2008 and 2019, I show how politicians’ speeches often reproduce paternalistic and essentializing narratives that obscure the heterogeneity of older people’s experiences and reinforce age-based inequalities, even as they purport to valorize and advocate for older constituents. The analysis traces how MPs’ epideictic rhetoric strategically invokes different ‘economies of worth’ (Boltanski & Thévenot, 1991/2006), centred on the values of work, family, and nation, to define the boundaries of a ‘successful’ old age, offering symbolic recognition while sidestepping substantive policy commitments. It further examines the gendered particularization of ageing, unpacking how discourses of women’s pension ‘deservingness’ enact a ‘velvet glove’ (Jackman, 1994) that reproduces traditional gender roles and familial care responsibilities. Finally, it explores how MPs’ paternalistic language of ‘care’ functions as a form of ‘symbolic reassurance’ (Edelman, 1964/1985) that provides affective consolation while deflecting demands for structural change.Theoretically, my thesis contributes to the study of ageism by developing a rhetorical psychological approach that attends to the flexible, situated, and ideological nature of age-based attitudes and prejudices as they are enacted and transformed through political discourse. Empirically, it illuminates the distinctive dynamics of ageism in the context of Chilean politics, shaped by the intersecting forces of neoliberal austerity, conservative social values, and post-authoritarian democratization. In doing so, my thesis extends and updates Robert Butler’s (1969) original framing of ageism as a systemic form of prejudice deeply imbricated with other structures of power and difference.In conclusion, with this thesis I suggest that addressing ageism in Chilean politics requires not only new policies and institutions, but also a shift in cultural narratives and moral visions of late-life citizenship—ones that affirm the shared dignity, interdependence, and diversity of people of all ages. By critically examining the rhetorical foundations of ageism in elite political discourse, my research contributes to a broader understanding of how age-based prejudices are perpetuated and offers insights into possible pathways for creating a more inclusive society.
title: Deutsche Militärgeschichte in Europa / Text von Christoph Kuhl ; gelesen von Christoph Jan Longen
Creators: name: Kuhl, Christoph
Publisher: name: ZMSBw
Year: 2023

description: Rezension von (Print): Deutsche Militärgeschichte in Europa 1945-1990 : Repräsentation, Organisation und Tradition von Streitkräften in Demokratie und Diktatur / im Auftrag des Zentrums für Militärgeschichte und Sozialwissenschaften der Bundeswehr herausgegeben von Jörg Echternkamp und Christoph Nübel. - Berlin : Ch.Links Verlag, [2022]. - 1 Online-Ressource (493 Seiten). - E-Book. (Deutsch-deutsche Militärgeschichte / herausgegeben vom Zentrum für Militärgeschichte und Sozialwissenschaften der Bundeswehr ; Band 4) Rezension von (E-Book): Deutsche Militärgeschichte in Europa 1945-1990 : Repräsentation, Organisation und Tradition von Streitkräften in Demokratie und Diktatur / im Auftrag des Zentrums für Militärgeschichte und Sozialwissenschaften der Bundeswehr herausgegeben von Jörg Echternkamp und Christoph Nübel. - Berlin : Ch.Links Verlag, [2022]. - 1 Online-Ressource (493 Seiten). - E-Book. (Deutsch-deutsche Militärgeschichte / herausgegeben vom Zentrum für Militärgeschichte und Sozialwissenschaften der Bundeswehr ; Band 4)
description: Angelesen. : das Buchjournal des ZMSBw / Zentrum für Militärgeschichte und Sozialwissenschaften der Bundeswehr; [68]
Quantum phase transition, universality and scaling behaviors in the spin-1/2 Heisenberg model with ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic competing interactions on honeycomb lattice
Creators: name: Huang, Yi-Zhen
name: Xi, Bin
name: Chen, Xi
name: Li, Wei
name: Wang, Zheng-Chuan
name: Su, Gang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The quantum phase transition, scaling behaviors, and thermodynamics in the spin-1/2 quantum Heisenberg model with antiferromagnetic coupling $J>0$ in armchair direction and ferromagnetic interaction $J'<0$ in zigzag direction on a honeycomb lattice are systematically studied using the continuous-time quantum Monte Carlo method. By calculating the Binder ratio $Q_{2}$ and spin stiffness $ρ$ in two directions for various coupling ratio $α=J'/J$ under different lattice sizes, we found that a quantum phase transition from the dimerized phase to the stripe phase occurs at the quantum critical point $α_c=-0.93$. Through the finite-size scaling analysis on $Q_{2}$, $ρ_{x}$ and $ρ_{y}$, we determined the critical exponent related to the correlation length $ν$ to be 0.7212(8), implying that this transition falls into a classical Heisenberg O(3) universality. A zero magnetization plateau is observed in the dimerized phase, whose width decreases with increasing $α$. A phase diagram in the coupling ratio $α$-magnetic field $h$ plane is obtained, where four phases, including dimerized, stripe, canted stripe and polarized phases are identified. It is also unveiled that the temperature dependence of the specific heat $C(T)$ for different $α$'s intersects precisely at one point, similar to that of liquid $^{3}$He under different pressures and several magnetic compounds under various magnetic fields. The scaling behaviors of $Q_{2}$, $ρ$ and $C(T)$ are carefully analyzed. The susceptibility is well compared with the experimental data to give the magnetic parameters of both compounds.
Online Hybrid CTC/Attention End-to-End Automatic Speech Recognition Architecture
Creators: name: Miao, Haoran
name: Cheng, Gaofeng
name: Zhang, Pengyuan
name: Yan, Yonghong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Audio and Speech Processing (eess.AS)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Recently, there has been increasing progress in end-to-end automatic speech recognition (ASR) architecture, which transcribes speech to text without any pre-trained alignments. One popular end-to-end approach is the hybrid Connectionist Temporal Classification (CTC) and attention (CTC/attention) based ASR architecture. However, how to deploy hybrid CTC/attention systems for online speech recognition is still a non-trivial problem. This article describes our proposed online hybrid CTC/attention end-to-end ASR architecture, which replaces all the offline components of conventional CTC/attention ASR architecture with their corresponding streaming components. Firstly, we propose stable monotonic chunk-wise attention (sMoChA) to stream the conventional global attention, and further propose monotonic truncated attention (MTA) to simplify sMoChA and solve the training-and-decoding mismatch problem of sMoChA. Secondly, we propose truncated CTC (T-CTC) prefix score to stream CTC prefix score calculation. Thirdly, we design dynamic waiting joint decoding (DWJD) algorithm to dynamically collect the predictions of CTC and attention in an online manner. Finally, we use latency-controlled bidirectional long short-term memory (LC-BLSTM) to stream the widely-used offline bidirectional encoder network. Experiments with LibriSpeech English and HKUST Mandarin tasks demonstrate that, compared with the offline CTC/attention model, our proposed online CTC/attention model improves the real time factor in human-computer interaction services and maintains its performance with moderate degradation. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first work to provide the full-stack online solution for CTC/attention end-to-end ASR architecture.
Qualitatively Assessing An Online Research Course for Astronomy Majors
Creators: name: Grayson, Skylar
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Astronomy Education

description: Title: Qualitatively Assessing An Online Research Course for Astronomy Majors

Presenter: Skylar Grayson (Arizona State University, USA)

Collaborators:Heather B. Hewitt (School of Earth and Space Exploration, Arizona State University) Molly N. Simon (School of Earth and Space Exploration, Arizona State University)Chris Mead (School of Earth and Space Exploration, Arizona State University)Grace L. Beall (School of Earth and Space Exploration, Arizona State University)Robert T. Zellem (Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology)Kalée Tock (Stanford Online High School)Kyle A. Pearson (Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology)

 

This was a poster presented at the 5th Shaw-IAU Workshop on Astronomy for Education, organised by the IAU Office of Astronomy for Education (OAE, http//astro4edu.org).

Research experiences as an undergraduate are one area where online programs are trailing behind traditional degrees, due to the difficulty of providing experiences to remote students. To remedy this, we have developed an online Course-Based Undergraduate Research Experience (CURE) for students in Arizona State University’s online Astronomical and Planetary Sciences degree. Here, we present the preliminary qualitative results from interviews administered to twelve students. We find that a majority of the interviewed students express an increased sense of belonging in astronomy and the school, improved science identity, and greater confidence in their research abilities. This work is part of a broader mixed-methods project analyzing the benefits of this CURE over the course of three years.

About the 5th Shaw-IAU Workshop on Astronomy for Education:This year’s Shaw-IAU Workshop on Astronomy for Education focuses on two themes: one special practical astronomy education topic and one scientific topic. The special topic is astronomy education outside the classroom, looking at how astronomy can be taught in a diverse range of environments such as science centers, planetaria and youth clubs. The scientific topic is planetary atmospheres, both in the solar system and exoplanets as well as our own Earth. The workshop was organised by the IAU Office of Astronomy for Education (http://astro4edu.org). More details can be found on: https://astro4edu.org/shaw-iau/5th-shaw-iau-workshop/schedule/

Keep up to date with future Shaw-IAU Workshops and other opportunities at the IAU Office of Astronomy for Education by joining our mailing list https://astro4edu.org/mailing-list/

Follow the IAU OAE on X and Facebook under @astro4edu
Motion of solitons in one-dimensional spin-orbit-coupled Bose-Einstein condensates
Creators: name: Wen, Lin
name: Sun, Q.
name: Chen, Yu
name: Wang, Deng-Shan
name: Hu, J.
name: Chen, H.
name: Liu, W. -M.
name: Juzeliūnas, G.
name: Malomed, Boris A.
name: Ji, An-Chun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Solitons play a fundamental role in dynamics of nonlinear excitations. Here we explore the motion of solitons in one-dimensional uniform Bose-Einstein condensates subjected to a spin-orbit coupling (SOC). We demonstrate that the spin dynamics of solitons is governed by a nonlinear Bloch equation. The spin dynamics influences the orbital motion of the solitons leading to the spin-orbit effects in the dynamics of the macroscopic quantum objects (mean-field solitons). The latter perform oscillations with a frequency determined by the SOC, Raman coupling, and intrinsic nonlinearity. These findings reveal unique features of solitons affected by the SOC, which is confirmed by analytical considerations and numerical simulations of the underlying Gross-Pitaevskii equations.
description: 8 pages, 4figures (including supplementary materials)