cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
A New Electron Density Model for Estimation of Pulsar and FRB Distances
Creators: name: Yao, J. M.
name: Manchester, R. N.
name: Wang, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a new model for the distribution of free electrons in the Galaxy, the Magellanic Clouds and the intergalactic medium (IGM) that can be used to estimate distances to real or simulated pulsars and fast radio bursts (FRBs) based on their dispersion measure (DM). The Galactic model has an extended thick disk representing the so-called warm interstellar medium, a thin disk representing the Galactic molecular ring, spiral arms based on a recent fit to Galactic HII regions, a Galactic Center disk and seven local features including the Gum Nebula, Galactic Loop I and the Local Bubble. An offset of the Sun from the Galactic plane and a warp of the outer Galactic disk are included in the model. Parameters of the Galactic model are determined by fitting to 189 pulsars with independently determined distances and DMs. Simple models are used for the Magellanic Clouds and the IGM. Galactic model distances are within the uncertainty range for 86 of the 189 independently determined distances and within 20\% of the nearest limit for a further 38 pulsars. We estimate that 95\% of predicted Galactic pulsar distances will have a relative error of less than a factor of 0.9. The predictions of YMW16 are compared to those of the TC93 and NE2001 models showing that YMW16 performs significantly better on all measures. Timescales for pulse broadening due to interstellar scattering are estimated for (real or simulated) Galactic and Magellanic Cloud pulsars and FRBs.
description: 49 pages, 19 figures, Accepted by Astrophysical Journal, November 3, 2016
Exosome-based smart drug delivery tool for cancer theranostics
Creators: name: Kar, Rishav
name: Dhar, Rajib
name: Mukherjee,, Sayantanee
name: Nag, Sagnik
name: Gorai, Sukhamoy
name: Mukerjee, Nobendu
name: Mukherjee, Dattatreya
name: Vatsa, Rishabh
name: Chandrakanth Jadhav, Mamtha
name: Ghosh, Arabinda
name: Devi, Arikketh
name: Krishnan, Anand
name: Thorat, Nanasaheb
Publisher: name: University of Limerick
Year: 2023

description: Exosomes are the phospholipid-membrane-bound subpopulation of extracellular vesicles derived from the plasma membrane. The main activity of exosomes is cellular communication. In cancer, exosomes play an important rolefrom two distinct perspectives, one related to carcinogenesis and the other as theragnostic and drug delivery tools. The outer phospholipid membrane of Exosome improves drug targeting efficiency. . Some of the vital features of exosomes such as biocompatibility, low toxicity, and low immunogenicity make it a more exciting drug delivery system. Exosome-based drug delivery is a new innovative approach to cancer treatment. Exosome-associated biomarker analysis heralded a new era of cancer diagnostics in a more specific way. This Review focuses on exosome biogenesis, sources, isolation, interrelationship with cancer and exosome-related cancer biomarkers, drug loading methods, exosome-based biomolecule delivery, advances and limitations of exosome-based drug delivery, and exosome-based drug delivery in clinical settings studies. The exosome-based understanding of cancer will change the diagnostic and therapeutic approach in the future.
Unravelling the interplay of geometrical, magnetic and electronic properties of metal-doped graphene nanomeshes
Creators: name: Fadlallah, Mohamed M.
name: Maarouf, Ahmed A.
name: Schwingenschlögl, Udo
name: Eckern, Ulrich
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Graphene nanomeshes (GNMs), formed by creating a superlattice of pores in graphene, possess rich physical and chemical properties. Many of these properties are determined by the pore geometry. In this work, we use first principles calculations to study the magnetic and electronic properties of metal-doped nitrogen-passivated GNMs. We find that the magnetic behaviour is dependent on the pore shape (trigonal vs. hexagonal) as dictated by the number of covalent bonds formed between the 3$d$ metal and the passivating N atoms. We also find that Cr and V doped trigonal-pore GNMs, and Ti doped GNMs are the most favourable for spintronic applications. The calculated magnetic properties of Fe-doped GNMs compare well with recent experimental observations. The studied systems are useful as spin filters and chemical sensors.
description: 14 pages (preprint style), 4 figures
Gaia Data Release 1 - The Cepheid & RR Lyrae star pipeline and its application to the south ecliptic pole region
Creators: name: Clementini, G.
name: Ripepi, V.
name: Leccia, S.
name: Mowlavi, N.
name: Lecoeur-Taibi, I.
name: Marconi, M.
name: Szabados, L.
name: Eyer, L.
name: Guy, L. P.
name: Rimoldini, L.
name: de Fombelle, G. Jevardat
name: Holl, B.
name: Busso, G.
name: Charnas, J.
name: Cuypers, J.
name: De Angeli, F.
name: De Ridder, J.
name: Debosscher, J.
name: Evans, D. W.
name: Klagyivik, P.
name: Musella, I.
name: Nienartowicz, K.
name: Ordonez, D.
name: Regibo, S.
name: Riello, M.
name: Sarro, L. M.
name: Suveges, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an overview of the Specific Objects Study (SOS) pipeline developed within the Coordination Unit 7 (CU7) of the Gaia Data Processing and Analysis Consortium (DPAC), the coordination unit charged with the processing and analysis of variable sources observed by Gaia, to validate and fully characterise Cepheids and RR Lyrae stars observed by the spacecraft. We describe how the SOS for Cepheids and RR Lyrae stars (SOS Cep&RRL) was specifically tailored to analyse Gaia's G-band photometric time-series with a South Ecliptic Pole (SEP) footprint, which covers an external region of the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC). G-band time-series photometry and characterization by the SOS Cep&RRL pipeline (mean magnitude and pulsation characteristics) are published in Gaia Data Release 1 (Gaia DR1) for a total sample of 3,194 variable stars, 599 Cepheids and 2,595 RR Lyrae stars, of which 386 (43 Cepheids and 343 RR Lyrae stars) are new discoveries by Gaia. All 3,194 stars are distributed over an area extending 38 degrees on either side from a point offset from the centre of the LMC by about 3 degrees to the north and 4 degrees to the east. The vast majority, but not all, are located within the LMC. The published sample also includes a few bright RR Lyrae stars that trace the outer halo of the Milky Way in front of the LMC.
description: 36 pages, 45 figures, 4 tables. Accepted for publication on A&A. A full version with higher resolution figures and the complete atlas of light curves can be found at this link: http://davide2.bo.astro.it/~felix/ The manuscript is part of the series of DPAC papers that accompany Gaia DR1
The design of an intelligent memory module
Creators: name: Liang, Xiaoyin.
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2022

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
title: The Effect of Culture on Private Label Purchasing Behaviour (A Comparative Studv of Supermarket Shoppers in the UK and China)
Creators: name: Guo, Liuchen
Publisher: name: University of Kent
Year: 2023

description: In the light of both increasing competition and internationalization in retailing, consumer behavior has become an important determinant of the performance and development of international retailing. The use of private labels has increased significantly during the last decade and particularly during the most recent global economic recession. However, while the role and impact of private labels has been studied in a considerable depth in Western countries, particularly in the United Kingdom, it remains largely unexplored in other parts of the world, including China, a major economic and political force, culturally distinct from the rest of the world and where supermarkets are still in the early stages of development, in number, location, what they sell and how they sell. The aim of this thesis is to investigate the impact of culture on the propensity of supermarket shoppers to purchase private label products, using a perceived risk framework from a cross-cultural perspective. A comparative study is undertaken of shoppers in Tesco, the world’s third largest grocery retailer, in the UK and China. Structural equation modelling is used to test a conceptual model based on the theory of perceived risk and the core elements of Hofstede’s cultural dimensions. The results show both similarities and differences in the two countries in the propensity of shoppers to purchase private label products, with cultural factors having a significant impact on their perceived risk.
Effect of rabbit polymorphonuclear leukocyte elastase on proteoglycan biosynthesis by chondrocytes
Creators: name: Goh, Chew Lam.
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2022

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
Violent environment of the inner disk of RW Aur A probed by the 2010 and 2015 dimming events
Creators: name: Facchini, S.
name: Manara, C. F.
name: Schneider, P. C.
name: Clarke, C. J.
name: Bouvier, J.
name: Rosotti, G.
name: Booth, R.
name: Haworth, T. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: RW Aur is a young binary system showing strong signatures of a recent tidal encounter between the circumprimary disk and the secondary star. The primary star has recently undergone two major dimming events ($Δ$mag $\approx$ 2 in V-band), whose origin is still under debate. To shed light on the mechanism leading to the dimming events, we study the extinction properties, accretion variability, and gas kinematics using absorption lines from the material obscuring star RW Aur A. We compare our moderate resolution X-Shooter spectra of the dim state of RW Aur A with other spectral observations. In particular, we analyse archival high resolution UVES spectra obtained during the bright state of the system, in order to track the evolution of the spectral properties across the second dimming event. The spectrum obtained during the dim state shows narrow absorption lines in the Na and K optical doublets, where the former is saturated. With a velocity of -60 km/s these lines indicate that during the dim state the disk wind is either enhanced, or significantly displaced into the line of sight. The photometric evolution across the dimming event shows a gray extinction, and is correlated with a significant reduction of the EW of all photospheric lines. Emission lines tracing accretion do not vary significantly across the dimming. We conclude that the dimming event is related to a major perturbation on the inner disk. We suggest that the inner disk is occulting (most of) the star, and thus its photosphere, but is not occulting the accretion regions within a few stellar radii. Since observations of the outer disk indicate that the disk is modestly inclined (45 - 60 deg), we propose that the inner disk might be warped by a yet unseen (sub-)stellar companion, which may also explain the 2.77 day periodic variability of the spectral lines.
description: 10 pages, 8 figures, accepted for publication in A&A
A non-discriminatory approach to ethical deep learning
Creators: name: Tartaglione, Enzo
name: Grangetto, Marco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Artificial neural networks perform state-of-the-art in an ever-growing number of tasks, nowadays they are used to solve an incredibly large variety of tasks. However, typical training strategies do not take into account lawful, ethical and discriminatory potential issues the trained ANN models could incur in. In this work we propose NDR, a non-discriminatory regularization strategy to prevent the ANN model to solve the target task using some discriminatory features like, for example, the ethnicity in an image classification task for human faces. In particular, a part of the ANN model is trained to hide the discriminatory information such that the rest of the network focuses in learning the given learning task. Our experiments show that NDR can be exploited to achieve non-discriminatory models with both minimal computational overhead and performance loss.
Implicit biases in transit models using stellar pseudo-density
Creators: name: Gilbert, Gregory J.
name: MacDougall, Mason G.
name: Petigura, Erik A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The transit technique is responsible for the majority of exoplanet discoveries to date. Characterizing these planets involves careful modeling of their transit profiles. A common technique involves expressing the transit duration using a density-like parameter, $\tildeρ$, often called the "circular density." Most notably, the Kepler project -- the largest analysis of transit lightcurves to date -- adopted a linear prior on $\tildeρ$. Here, we show that such a prior biases measurements of impact parameter, $b$, due to the non-linear relationship between $\tildeρ$ and transit duration. This bias slightly favors low values ($b \lesssim 0.3$) and strongly disfavors high values ($b \gtrsim 0.7$) unless transit signal-to-noise ratio is sufficient to provide an independent constraint on $b$, a criterion that is not satisfied for the majority of Kepler planets. Planet-to-star radius ratio, $r$, is also biased due to $r{-}b$ covariance. Consequently, the median Kepler DR25 target suffers a $1.6\%$ systematic underestimate of $r$. We present a techniques for correcting these biases and for avoiding them in the first place.
description: 12 pages, 7 figures, submitted to AAS journals
A particle method for relativistic fluid dynamics
Creators: name: Lahy, Neil K.
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2022

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
Protostellar-disc fragmentation across all metallicities
Creators: name: Matsukoba, Ryoki
name: Tanaka, Kei E. I.
name: Omukai, Kazuyuki
name: Vorobyov, Eduard I.
name: Hosokawa, Takashi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Cosmic metallicity evolution possibly creates the diversity of star formation modes at different epochs. Gravitational fragmentation of circumstellar discs provides an important formation channel of multiple star systems, including close binaries. We here study the nature of disc fragmentation, systematically performing a suite of two-dimensional radiation-hydrodynamic simulations, in a broad range of metallicities, from the primordial to the solar values. In particular, we follow relatively long-term disc evolution over 15 kyr after the disc formation, incorporating the effect of heating by the protostellar irradiation. Our results show that the disc fragmentation occurs at all metallicities $1$--$0$ $Z_{\odot}$, yielding self-gravitating clumps. Physical properties of the clumps, such as their number and mass distributions, change with the metallicity due to different gas thermal evolution. For instance, the number of clumps is the largest for the intermediate metallicity range of $10^{-2}$--$10^{-5}$ $Z_{\odot}$, where the dust cooling is effective exclusively in a dense part of the disc and causes the fragmentation of spiral arms. The disc fragmentation is more modest for $1$--$0.1$ $Z_{\odot}$ thanks to the disc stabilization by the stellar irradiation. Such metallicity dependence agrees with the observed trend that the close binary fraction increases with decreasing metallicity in the range of $1$--$10^{-3}$ $Z_{\odot}$.
description: 17 pages, 16 figures, submitted to MNRAS
The Broad Line Region and Black Hole Mass of NGC 4151
Creators: name: Bentz, Misty C.
name: Williams, Peter R.
name: Treu, Tommaso
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a reanalysis of reverberation-mapping data from 2005 for the Seyfert galaxy NGC 4151, supplemented with additional data from the literature to constrain the continuum variations over a significantly longer baseline than the original monitoring program. Modeling of the continuum light curve and the velocity-resolved variations across the H$β$ emission line constrains the geometry and kinematics of the broad line region (BLR). The BLR is well described by a very thick disk with similar opening angle ($θ_o \approx 57^{\circ}$) and inclination angle ($θ_i \approx 58^{\circ}$), suggesting that our sight line towards the innermost central engine skims just above the surface of the BLR. The inclination is consistent with constraints from geometric modeling of the narrow line region, and the similarity between the inclination and opening angles is intriguing given previous studies of NGC 4151 that suggest BLR gas has been observed temporarily eclipsing the X-ray source. The BLR kinematics are dominated by eccentric bound orbits, with $\sim10$% of the orbits preferring near-circular motions. With the BLR geometry and kinematics constrained, the models provide an independent and direct black hole mass measurement of $\log M_{\rm BH}/M_{\odot} = 7.22^{+0.11}_{-0.10}$ or $M_{\rm BH}=1.66^{+0.48}_{-0.34}\times10^7 M_{\odot}$, which is in good agreement with mass measurements from stellar dynamical modeling and gas dynamical modeling. NGC 4151 is one of the few nearby broad-lined Seyferts where the black hole mass may be measured via multiple independent techniques, and it provides an important test case for investigating potential systematics that could affect the black hole mass scales used in the local Universe and for high-redshift quasars.
description: 13 pages, 6 figures, 2 tables; submitted to ApJ and revised based on referee comments
SPIRIT checklist for Effect of Maitland and Mulligan mobilization on pain, range of motion and disability in patients with rotator cuff syndrome: a randomized clinical trial[SSC1] [Ma2]  protocol [SSC1]I recommend specifying in the title that this is a protocol, per SPIRIT 1. Effect of Maitland and Mulligan mobilization on pain, range of motion and disability in patients with rotator cuff syndrome: a randomized clinical trial[SSC1] [Ma2]  protocol SPIRIT checklist
Creators: name: Sonone, Samiksha
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Physiotherapy
Rehabilitation

description: SPIRIT checklist for Effect of Maitland and Mulligan mobilization on pain, range of motion and disability in patients with rotator cuff syndrome: a randomized clinical trial: protocol
SWAG Newsletter, Vol. 03, No. 02 (April 20, 1976)
Creators: name: Group, Victoria Status Of Women Action
Publisher: name: University of Victoria Libraries
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Women--Societies and clubs
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1176970
subject: Sex discrimination against women
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1114376
subject: Women's rights
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1178818
subject: Women--Legal status, laws, etc.
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1176824
subject: Women--Economic conditions
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1176665
subject: Women
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1176568
subject: Feminism
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/922671
subject: Women--Social conditions
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1176947
subject: Women--Employment--Law and legislation
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1176724

description: The Victoria chapter of the Status of Women Action Group (SWAG) was formed in 1971 in response to the 1970 Report of the Royal Commission on the Status of Women. SWAG is a feminist organization that promotes economic, political and social equality and freedom for women. It is a non-profit society with several committees working on specific issues of concern to women. The group is an active member of the BC and Yukon Association of Women's Centres and the National Action Committee on the Status of Women.
title: Αίθουσες μουσικής και ακουστικός σχεδιασμός. Η σύγχρονη προσέγγιση στην ακουστική του Toyota Yasuhisa

title: Music halls and acoustic design. The contemporary approach to the acoustics of Toyota Yasuhisa
Creators: name: Στεφανουδακη Καλλιοπη
Publisher: name: Technical University of Crete
Year: 2023

description: Η εξέλιξη της ακουστικής έπαιξε κρίσιμο ρόλο στην κατασκευή και το σχεδιασμό των αιθουσών μουσικής και επιστήμονες όπως ο Yasuhisa Toyota βοήθησαν στην προώθηση του πεδίου μέσω της καινοτόμου και οραματικής του δουλειάς. Πρόθεση της εργασίας είναι να μελετήσει την παράλληλη πορεία της ακουστικής με αυτή των αιθουσών μουσικών παραστάσεων καθώς η εξέλιξη της πρώτης διαδραματίζει κρίσιμο ρόλο στον σχεδιασμό των δεύτερων και το αντίστροφο.
Στο πρώτο κεφάλαιο παρουσιάζονται οι αίθουσες μουσικών παραστάσεων στην πορεία του χρόνου , των τυπολογιών τους και τα κριτήρια καλής ακουστικής τους. Στο δεύτερο αναφέρονται σημαντικοί επιστήμονες και το έργο τους που συνέβαλαν στην εξέλιξη της ακουστικής ως επιστήμη. Στη συνέχεια αναλύεται το έργο του Toyota Yasuhisa μαζί με σημαντικές αίθουσες μουσικών παραστάσεων που έχει μελετήσει μέχρι σήμερα.  Η εργασία κλείνει με τις αρχιτεκτονικές αρχές στις οποίες βασίστηκε για τον σχεδιασμό αιθουσών μουσικής και οι καινοτομίες που πρόσφερε στην ακουστική οι οποίες τεκμηριώνουν ότι είναι ένας από τους καλύτερους στον κόσμο. Συνολικά η εργασία επιδιώκει να παρουσιάσει μια ολοκληρωμένη εικόνα της σημασίας του ακουστικού σχεδιασμού για τις αίθουσες μουσικών παραστάσεων και να αναδείξει το στίγμα που έχει αφήσει ο Toyota στην ακουστική.

description: The evolution of acoustics played a crucial role in the construction and design of music halls, and scientists such as Yasuhisa Toyota helped advance the field through his innovative and visionary work. The purpose of this paper is to study the parallel course of acoustics with that of music performance halls, as the development of the former plays a crucial role in the design of the latter and vice versa.
The first chapter presents music performance halls over time, their typologies, and the criteria of good acoustics. In the second, important scholars and their work that contributed to the development of acoustics as science are mentioned. The work of Toyota Yasuhisa is then discussed along with important concert halls that he has studied to date. The paper concludes with the architectural principles on which he based the design of music halls and the innovations he brought to acoustics which prove that he is one of the best in the world. Overall, this paper seeks to present a comprehensive picture of the importance of acoustic design for music performance halls and to highlight the mark Toyota Yasuhisa has left on acoustics.
Directional Modulation via Symbol-Level Precoding: A Way to Enhance Security
Creators: name: Kalantari, Ashkan
name: Soltanalian, Mojtaba
name: Maleki, Sina
name: Chatzinotas, Symeon
name: Ottersten, Björn
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Wireless communication provides a wide coverage at the cost of exposing information to unintended users. As an information-theoretic paradigm, secrecy rate derives bounds for secure transmission when the channel to the eavesdropper is known. However, such bounds are shown to be restrictive in practice and may require exploitation of specialized coding schemes. In this paper, we employ the concept of directional modulation and follow a signal processing approach to enhance the security of multi-user MIMO communication systems when a multi-antenna eavesdropper is present. Enhancing the security is accomplished by increasing the symbol error rate at the eavesdropper. Unlike the information-theoretic secrecy rate paradigm, we assume that the legitimate transmitter is not aware of its channel to the eavesdropper, which is a more realistic assumption. We examine the applicability of MIMO receiving algorithms at the eavesdropper. Using the channel knowledge and the intended symbols for the users, we design security enhancing symbol-level precoders for different transmitter and eavesdropper antenna configurations. We transform each design problem to a linearly constrained quadratic program and propose two solutions, namely the iterative algorithm and one based on non-negative least squares, at each scenario for a computationally-efficient modulation. Simulation results verify the analysis and show that the designed precoders outperform the benchmark scheme in terms of both power efficiency and security enhancement.
description: This manuscript is submitted to IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Signal Processing
Universal Properties of Dense Clumps in Magnetized Molecular Clouds Formed through Shock Compression of Two-phase Atomic Gases
Creators: name: Iwasaki, Kazunari
name: Tomida, Kengo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the formation of molecular clouds from atomic gas by using three-dimensional magnetohydrodynamical simulations,including non-equilibrium chemical reactions, heating/cooling processes, and self-gravity by changing the collision speed $V_0$ and the angle $θ$ between the magnetic field and colliding flow. We found that the efficiency of the dense gas formation depends on $θ$. For small $θ$, anisotropic super-Alfvénic turbulence delays the formation of gravitationally unstable clumps. An increase in $θ$ develops shock-amplified magnetic fields along which the gas is accumulated, making prominent filamentary structures. We further investigate the statistical properties of dense clumps identified with different density thresholds. The statistical properties of the dense clumps with lower densities depend on $V_0$ and $θ$ because their properties are inherited from the global turbulence structure of the molecular clouds. By contrast, denser clumps appear to have asymptotic universal statistical properties, which do not depend on the properties of the colliding flow significantly. The internal velocity dispersions approach subsonic and plasma $β$ becomes order of unity. We develop an analytic formula of the virial parameter which reproduces the simulation results reasonably well. This property may be one of the reasons for the universality of the initial mass function of stars.
description: 23 pages, 17 figures, accepted in ApJ
Aspects of the Southern Hemisphere general circulation during the 1982/3 ENSO episode
Creators: name: Nydam, Paul G.
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2022

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
Patches of magnetic switchbacks and their origins
Creators: name: Shi, Chen
name: Panasenco, Olga
name: Velli, Marco
name: Tenerani, Anna
name: Verniero, Jaye L.
name: Sioulas, Nikos
name: Huang, Zesen
name: Brosius, A.
name: Bale, Stuart D.
name: Klein, Kristopher
name: Kasper, Justin
name: de Wit, Thierry Dudok
name: Goetz, Keith
name: Harvey, Peter R.
name: MacDowall, Robert J.
name: Malaspina, David M.
name: Pulupa, Marc
name: Larson, Davin
name: Livi, Roberto
name: Case, Anthony
name: Stevens, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Parker Solar Probe (PSP) has shown that the solar wind in the inner heliosphere is characterized by the quasi omni-presence of magnetic switchbacks ("switchback" hereinafter), local backward-bends of magnetic field lines. Switchbacks also tend to come in patches, with a large-scale modulation that appears to have a spatial scale size comparable to supergranulation on the Sun. Here we inspect data from the first ten encounters of PSP focusing on different time intervals when clear switchback patches were observed by PSP. We show that the switchbacks modulation, on a timescale of several hours, seems to be independent of whether PSP is near perihelion, when it rapidly traverses large swaths of longitude remaining at the same heliocentric distance, or near the radial-scan part of its orbit, when PSP hovers over the same longitude on the Sun while rapidly moving radially inwards or outwards. This implies that switchback patches must also have an intrinsically temporal modulation most probably originating at the Sun. Between two consecutive patches, the magnetic field is usually very quiescent with weak fluctuations. We compare various parameters between the quiescent intervals and the switchback intervals. The results show that the quiescent intervals are typically less Alfvénic than switchback intervals, and the magnetic power spectrum is usually shallower in quiescent intervals. We propose that the temporal modulation of switchback patches may be related to the "breathing" of emerging flux that appears in images as the formation of "bubbles" below prominences in the Hinode/SOT observations.
Finite element approximation of fractional Neumann problems
Creators: name: Bersetche, Francisco M.
name: Borthagaray, Juan Pablo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper we consider approximations of Neumann problems for the integral fractional Laplacian by continuous, piecewise linear finite elements. We analyze the weak formulation of such problems, including their well-posedness and asymptotic behavior of solutions. We address the convergence of the finite element discretizations and discuss the implementation of the method. Finally, we present several numerical experiments in one- and two-dimensional domains that illustrate the method's performance as well as certain properties of solutions.
The clustering of galaxies in the completed SDSS-III Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey: Observational systematics and baryon acoustic oscillations in the correlation function
Creators: name: Ross, Ashley J.
name: Beutler, Florian
name: Chuang, Chia-Hsun
name: Pellejero-Ibanez, Marcos
name: Seo, Hee-Jong
name: Vargas-Magana, Mariana
name: Cuesta, Antonio J.
name: Percival, Will J.
name: Burden, Angela
name: Sanchez, Ariel G.
name: Grieb, Jan Niklas
name: Reid, Beth
name: Brownstein, Joel R.
name: Dawson, Kyle S.
name: Eisenstein, Daniel J.
name: Ho, Shirley
name: Kitaura, Francisco-Shu
name: Nichol, Robert C.
name: Olmstead, Matthew D.
name: Prada, Francisco
name: Rodriguez-Torres, Sergio A.
name: Saito, Shun
name: Salazar-Albornoz, Salvador
name: Schneider, Donald P.
name: Thomas, Daniel
name: Tinker, Jeremy
name: Tojeiro, Rita
name: Wang, Yuting
name: White, Martin
name: Zhao, Gong-bo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present baryon acoustic oscillation (BAO) scale measurements determined from the clustering of 1.2 million massive galaxies with redshifts 0.2 < z < 0.75 distributed over 9300 square degrees, as quantified by their redshift-space correlation function. In order to facilitate these measurements, we define, describe, and motivate the selection function for galaxies in the final data release (DR12) of the SDSS III Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (BOSS). This includes the observational footprint, masks for image quality and Galactic extinction, and weights to account for density relationships intrinsic to the imaging and spectroscopic portions of the survey. We simulate the observed systematic trends in mock galaxy samples and demonstrate that they impart no bias on baryon acoustic oscillation (BAO) scale measurements and have a minor impact on the recovered statistical uncertainty. We measure transverse and radial BAO distance measurements in 0.2 < z < 0.5, 0.5 < z < 0.75, and (overlapping) 0.4 < z < 0.6 redshift bins. In each redshift bin, we obtain a precision that is 2.7 per cent or better on the radial distance and 1.6 per cent or better on the transverse distance. The combination of the redshift bins represents 1.8 per cent precision on the radial distance and 1.1 per cent precision on the transverse distance. This paper is part of a set that analyses the final galaxy clustering dataset from BOSS. The measurements and likelihoods presented here are combined with others in Alam et al. (2016) to produce the final cosmological constraints from BOSS.
description: Matches version accepted by MNRAS
The Australian longitudinal survey on youth unemployment and the analysis of categorical data in longitudinal surveys
Creators: name: Peril, Margaret Helen.
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2022

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
Spin helices in GaAs quantum wells: Interplay of electron density, spin diffusion, and spin lifetime
Creators: name: Anghel, S.
name: Poshakinskiy, A. V.
name: Schiller, K.
name: Yusa, G.
name: Mano, T.
name: Noda, T.
name: Betz, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: To establish a correlation between the spin diffusion, the spin lifetime, and the electron density, we study, employing time-resolved magneto-optical Kerr effect microscopy, the spin polarization evolution in low-dimensional GaAs semiconductors hosting two-dimensional electron gases. It is shown that for the establishment of the longest spin-lifetime, the variation of scattering rate with the electron density is of higher importance than the fulfilling of the persistent spin helix condition when the Rashba $α$ and Dresselhaus $β$ parameters are balanced. More specifically, regardless of the $α$ and $β$ linear dependencies on the electron density, the spin relaxation rate is determined by the spin diffusion coefficient that depends on electron density nonmonotonously. The longest experimental spin-lifetime occurs at an electron density, corresponding to the transition from Boltzmann to Fermi-Dirac statistics, which is several times higher than that when the persistent spin helix is expected. These facts highlight the role the electron density may play when considering applications for spintronic devices.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures
Optimal finite-time processes in weakly driven overdamped Brownian motion
Creators: name: Nazé, Pierre
name: Deffner, Sebastian
name: Bonança, Marcus V. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The complete physical understanding of the optimization of the thermodynamic work still is an important open problem in stochastic thermodynamics. We address this issue using the Hamiltonian approach of linear response theory in finite time and weak processes. We derive the Euler-Lagrange equation associated and discuss its main features, illustrating them using the paradigmatic example of driven Brownian motion in overdamped regime. We show that the optimal protocols obtained either coincide, in the appropriate limit, with the exact solutions by stochastic thermodynamics or can be even identical to them, presenting the well-known jumps. However, our approach reveals that jumps at the extremities of the process are a good optimization strategy in the regime of fast but weak processes for any driven system. Additionally, we show that fast-but-weak optimal protocols are time-reversal symmetric, a property that has until now remained hidden in the exact solutions far from equilibrium.
description: 11 pages, 3 figures
Advanced unembedding techniques for quantum annealers
Creators: name: Pelofske, Elijah
name: Hahn, Georg
name: Djidjev, Hristo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Emerging Technologies (cs.ET)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The D-Wave quantum annealers make it possible to obtain high quality solutions of NP-hard problems by mapping a problem in a QUBO (quadratic unconstrained binary optimization) or Ising form to the physical qubit connectivity structure on the D-Wave chip. However, the latter is restricted in that only a fraction of all pairwise couplers between physical qubits exists. Modeling the connectivity structure of a given problem instance thus necessitates the computation of a minor embedding of the variables in the problem specification onto the logical qubits, which consist of several physical qubits "chained" together to act as a logical one. After annealing, it is however not guaranteed that all chained qubits get the same value (-1 or +1 for an Ising model, and 0 or 1 for a QUBO), and several approaches exist to assign a final value to each logical qubit (a process called "unembedding"). In this work, we present tailored unembedding techniques for four important NP-hard problems: the Maximum Clique, Maximum Cut, Minimum Vertex Cover, and Graph Partitioning problems. Our techniques are simple and yet make use of structural properties of the problem being solved. Using Erdős-Rényi random graphs as inputs, we compare our unembedding techniques to three popular ones (majority vote, random weighting, and minimize energy). We demonstrate that our proposed algorithms outperform the currently available ones in that they yield solutions of better quality, while being computationally equally efficient.
[Halle (Saale), Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt, Morbio 14 (10)]
Creators: name: Cauaconus, Jacobus
name: Casparus Blancaxius De Pelletis
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 1335
Subjects: subject: Inventar
subject: Urkunde
subject: 090

description: Inventar und Gewinnaufstellung der domus de Brim durch Jacobus Cauaconus, Casparus Blancaxius de Pelletis und weitere genannte Personen.
The $\mathsf{CP^{n-1}}$-model with fermions: a new look
Creators: name: Bykov, Dmitri
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We elaborate the formulation of the $\mathsf{CP^{n-1}}$ sigma model with fermions as a gauged Gross-Neveu model. This approach allows to identify the super phase space of the model as a supersymplectic quotient. Potential chiral gauge anomalies are shown to receive contributions from bosons and fermions alike and are related to properties of this phase space. Along the way we demonstrate that the worldsheet supersymmetric model is a supersymplectic quotient of a model with target space supersymmetry. Possible generalizations to other quiver supervarieties are briefly discussed.
description: 29 pages, 2 figures
Pterodactyls: A Tool to Uniformly Search and Vet for Young Transiting Planets In TESS Primary Mission Photometry
Creators: name: Fernandes, Rachel B.
name: Mulders, Gijs D.
name: Pascucci, Ilaria
name: Bergsten, Galen J.
name: Koskinen, Tommi T.
name: Hardegree-Ullman, Kevin K.
name: Pearson, Kyle A.
name: Giacalone, Steven
name: Zink, Jon
name: Ciardi, David R.
name: O'Brien, Patrick
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Kepler's short-period exoplanet population has revealed evolutionary features such as the Radius Valley and the Hot Neptune desert that are likely sculpted by atmospheric loss over time. These findings suggest that the primordial planet population is different from the Gyr-old Kepler population, and motivates exoplanet searches around young stars. Here, we present pterodactyls , a data reduction pipeline specifically built to address the challenges in discovering exoplanets around young stars and to work with TESS Primary Mission 30-min cadence photometry, since most young stars were not pre-selected TESS 2-min cadence targets. pterodactyls builds on publicly available and tested tools in order to extract, detrend, search, and vet transiting young planet candidates. We search five clusters with known transiting planets: Tucana-Horologium Association, IC 2602, Upper Centaurus Lupus, Ursa Major and Pisces Eridani. We show that pterodactyls recovers seven out of the eight confirmed planets and one out of the two planet candidates, most of which were initially detected in 2-min cadence data. For these clusters, we conduct injection-recovery tests to characterize our detection efficiency, and compute an intrinsic planet occurrence rate of 49+-20% for sub-Neptunes and Neptunes (1.8-6 Re) within 12.5 days, which is higher than Kepler's Gyr-old occurrence rates of 6.8+-0.3%. This potentially implies that these planets have shrunk with time due to atmospheric mass loss. However, a proper assessment of the occurrence of transiting young planets will require a larger sample unbiased to planets already detected. As such, pterodactyls will be used in future work to search and vet for planet candidates in nearby clusters and moving groups.
description: 27 pages, 19 figures, 3 tables; Accepted for publication in AJ
The 2008 outburst in the Young Stellar System Z CMa. III - Multi-epoch high-angular resolution images and spectra of the components in near-infrared
Creators: name: Bonnefoy, M.
name: Chauvin, G.
name: Dougados, C.
name: Kospal, A.
name: Benisty, M.
name: Duchene, G.
name: Bouvier, J.
name: Garcia, P. J. V.
name: Whelan, E.
name: Antoniucci, S.
name: Podio, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Z CMa is a complex pre-main sequence binary with a current separation of 100 mas, known to consist of an FU Orionis star (SE component) and an embedded Herbig Be star (NW component). Immediately when the late-2008 outburst of Z CMa was announced to the community, we initiated a high angular resolution imaging campaign with VLT/NaCo, Keck/NIRC2, VLT/SINFONI, and Keck/OSIRIS which aimed at characterizing the outburst of both components of the system in the near-infrared. We confirm that the NW star dominates the system flux in the 1.1-3.8 microns range and is responsible for the photometric outburst. We extract the first medium-resolution (R=2000-4000) near-infrared (1.1-2.4 microns) spectra of the individual components during and after the outburst. The SE component has a spectrum typical of FU Orionis objects. The NW component spectrum is characteristic of embedded outbursting protostars and EX Or objects. It displays numerous emission lines during the outburst whose intensity correlates with the system activity. In particular, we find a correlation between the Brackett gamma equivalent width and the system brightness. The bluing of the continuum of the NW component along with the absolute flux and color-variation of the system during the outburst suggests that the outburst was caused by a complex interplay between a variation of the extinction in the line of sight of the NW component on one hand, and the emission of shocked regions close to the NW component on the other. We confirm the recently reported wiggling of the SE component jet from [Fe II] line emission. We find a point-like structure associated with a peak emission at 2.098 microns coincidental with the clump or arm seen in broadband polarization differential imaging as well as additional diffuse emission along a PA=214 degrees. The origin of these two structures is unclear and deserves further investigation.
description: 18 pages, 18 figures, 7 tables. Accepted for publication in Astronomy and Astrophysics
Launching the VASCO citizen science project
Creators: name: Villarroel, Beatriz
name: Pelckmans, Kristiaan
name: Solano, Enrique
name: Laaksoharju, Mikael
name: Souza, Abel
name: Dom, Onyeuwaoma Nnaemeka
name: Laggoune, Khaoula
name: Mimouni, Jamal
name: Guergouri, Hichem
name: Mattsson, Lars
name: García, Aurora Lago
name: Soodla, Johan
name: Castillo, Diego
name: Shultz, Matthew E.
name: Aworka, Rubby
name: Comerón, Sébastien
name: Geier, Stefan
name: Marcy, Geoffrey
name: Gupta, Alok C.
name: Bergstedt, Josefine
name: Bär, Rudolf E.
name: Buelens, Bart
name: Enriquez, Emilio
name: Mellon, Christopher K.
name: Prieto, M. Almudena
name: Wamalwa, Dismas Simiyu
name: de Souza, Rafael S.
name: Ward, Martin J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Vanishing & Appearing Sources during a Century of Observations (VASCO) project investigates astronomical surveys spanning a time interval of 70 years, searching for unusual and exotic transients. We present herein the VASCO Citizen Science Project, which can identify unusual candidates driven by three different approaches: hypothesis, exploratory, and machine learning, which is particularly useful for SETI searches. To address the big data challenge, VASCO combines three methods: the Virtual Observatory, user-aided machine learning, and visual inspection through citizen science. Here we demonstrate the citizen science project and its improved candidate selection process, and we give a progress report. We also present the VASCO citizen science network led by amateur astronomy associations mainly located in Algeria, Cameroon, and Nigeria. At the moment of writing, the citizen science project has carefully examined 15,593 candidate image pairs in the data (ca. 10% of the candidates), and has so far identified 798 objects classified as "vanished". The most interesting candidates will be followed up with optical and infrared imaging, together with the observations by the most potent radio telescopes.
description: 16 pages, 7 figures, contribution to IAC 2020 conference