cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Simulations of Cosmic Chemical Enrichment
Creators: name: Kobayashi, Chiaki
name: Springel, Volker
name: White, Simon D. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using a new numerical model for cosmic chemical evolution, we study the influence of hypernova feedback on the star formation and metal enrichment history of the universe. For assumptions which produce plausible results in idealized collapse models of individual galaxies, our cosmological simulations of the standard Lambda-CDM cosmology show a peak of the cosmic star formation rate at z~4, with ~10% of the baryons turning into stars. We find that the majority of stars in present-day massive galaxies formed in much smaller galaxies at high redshifts, giving them a mean stellar age as old as 10 Gyr, despite their late assembly times. The hypernova feedback drives galactic outflows efficiently in low mass galaxies, and these winds eject heavy elements into the intergalactic medium. The ejected baryon fraction is larger for less massive galaxies, correlates well with stellar metallicity, and amounts to ~20% of all baryons in total. The resulting enrichment history is broadly consistent with the observed abundances of Lyman break galaxies, of damped Lyman alpha systems, and of the intergalactic medium. The metallicity of the cold gas in galaxies increases with galaxy mass, which is comparable to observations with a significant scatter. The stellar mass-metallicity relation of the observed galaxy population is well reproduced by the simulation model as a result of mass-dependent galactic winds. However, star formation does not terminate in massive galaxies at late times in our model, and too few dwarf galaxies are still forming stars. These problems may be due to a lack of resolution, to inappropriate modelling of supernova feedback, or to a neglect of other feedback processes such as active galactic nuclei.
description: 16 pages, 20 figures. Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Gnypeta canadensis Klimaszewski & Savard & Pelletier & Webster 2008, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Klimaszewski, Jan
name: Savard, Karine
name: Pelletier, Georges
name: Webster, Reginald
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2008
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Staphylinidae
Gnypeta
Gnypeta canadensis

description: 15. Gnypeta canadensis Klimaszewski, sp. nov. (CANADA: Alberta, Ontario).
description: Published as part of Klimaszewski, Jan, Savard, Karine, Pelletier, Georges & Webster, Reginald, 2008, Species review of the genus Gnypeta Thomson from Canada, Alaska and Greenland (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Aleocharinae): systematics, bionomics and distribution, pp. 11-84 in ZooKeys 2 (2) on page 24, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.2.4, http://zenodo.org/record/576410
A tale of two cores: Triggered massive star formation in the bright-rimmed cloud SFO 75
Creators: name: Urquhart, J. S.
name: Thompson, M. A.
name: Morgan, L. K.
name: Pestalozzi, M. R.
name: White, Glenn J.
name: Muna, D. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Abridged: We present a detailed multi-wavelength study of the bright-rimmed cloud SFO 75, including 1.3cm and 1.2mm continuum, and 13CO and ammonia spectral line observations. The 13CO and 1.2 mm emission reveals the presence of a dense core located behind the bright rim of the cloud which is approximately coincident with that of the IRAS point source. From an analysis of the IRAS and 1.2mm fluxes we derive a dust temperature of ~30 K, a luminosity of 1.6x10^4 L\odot and estimate the core mass to be ~570 M\odot. The higher resolution ammonia observations resolve the 1.2mm core into two distinct cores, one directly behind the cloud's rim (Core A) and the second located slightly farther back (Core B). Comparing the morphology of Core A with that of the photon-dominated region and ionised boundary layer leaves little doubt that it is being strongly affected by the ionisation front. 2MASS and GLIMPSE archive data which reveal a small cluster of three deeply embedded high- and intermediate-mass young stellar objects towards Core A leads us to conclude that the star formation found towards this core has been triggered. In stark contrast, Core B appears to have a much simpler, almost spherical, morphology. No stars are found towards Core B. The scenario that emerges from our analysis is one where the two ammonia cores pre-date the arrival of the ionisation front. Since its arrival the over-pressure of the ionised gas at the surface of the cloud has driven shocks into the surface layers of the cloud. The propagation of these shocks through Core A have triggered the formation of a small cluster of massive stars, however, the shock front has not yet propagated deeply enough into the cloud to have affected the evolution of Core B.
description: 15 pages, 8 figures, some figures have been compressed, an uncompressed version of the paper is available upon request from the lead author. Accepted for publication in A&A
Review of Randall Sandke. 2010. Where the Dark and Light Folks Meet: Race and the Mythology, Politics, and Business of Jazz. Lanham, Maryland: The Scarecrow Press
Creators: name: Johnson, Aaron Joseph
Publisher: name: Current Musicology
Year: 2011

description: Randall Sandke’s Where the Dark and Light Folks Meet is a very personal, but seriously flawed, consideration of racial issues in jazz. In Where the Dark and Light Folks Meet Sandke attempts to tackle a large number of race related topics and claims about the jazz discourse with uneven results. His targets include activist jazz writers, “radical” racial politics, claims of discriminatory practices in business, pay, and intellectual property, and neo-conservative music trends. Although sometimes the act of troubling can be a good thing, Sandke’s book is troubling in ways that undermine his best arguments about the music’s lack of innovative vitality, and for expanding its history beyond iconic musical figures. He sets out to, in the words of George E. Lewis, “trouble the settled” of the dominant narrative-an altogether worthy ambition-but sometimes Sandke merely comes off as feeling personally left out of jazz’s past and present, a not uncommon frustration for many jazz musicians. He initially describes his project as one of inclusion. When the smoke clears, Sandke is dissatisfied with racial discourse that binds concepts of jazz authenticity and blackness. (In early jazz writing blackness was often used as an indicator of primitivity and therefore “realness;” from the ’60s onward jazz’s perceived authenticity has factored into a larger project of re-claiming black identity and pride.) This is not an altogether unreasonable point of view for a non-black jazz practitioner. But rather than wage a direct assault on fragile and cliched notions of authenticity that permeate jazz history and continue to dominate its discourse, Sandke makes sweeping claims about the motives of historical and recent jazz writers that seem designed to create ill will.
description: Current Musicology, No 92 (2011): Current Musicology
Carbon Dioxide Emissions Related to the Production of Some Oil Field Crops Grown in the Eastern Mediterranean Region.
Creators: name: Bilgili, Mehmet Emin
name: Kuzu, Hamza
name: Aybek, Ali
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 300202
subject: Agricultural land management

description: In recent years, the persistent issue of climate change, attributed to global warming induced by the accumulation of greenhouse gases, has become increasingly significant. In the global effort to address climate change, governments focus on the formulation and implementation of policies designed to manage and diminish the surge in greenhouse gas emissions responsible for the phenomenon of global warming. For this reason, it is becoming increasingly important to analyze the determination of greenhouse gas emissions released by agricultural production. This study aimed to determine the carbon dioxide emissions from cultivating some oil field crops in the Eastern Mediterranean Region. Oilseed sunflower, soybean, and peanut were selected from the oilseed crops widely cultivated in the region. In the five years between 2018 and 2022, the total production area of the three crops was 152 974 ha, the total production amount was 557 868 tons, and the total yield was 3.65 tons ha-1. With the fuel-based CO2 emission calculation method proposed by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, the average CO2 emission, specific fuel consumption, and specific CO2 emission resulting from the cultivation of sunflower, soybean, and peanut crops in 2018-2022 were determined as 58.45 ktCO2, 81.08 gfuel kgproduct-1 and 275.84 gCO2 kgproduct-1, respectively. In soybean and peanut production, fuel consumption and CO2 emissions were highest in tillage and lowest in spraying. In sunflower production, the highest fuel consumption and CO2 emissions occurred in the transportation process and the lowest in the fertilization process.
Individual differences & second language proficiency
Creators: name: Higginson, Dorothy Gayle
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2008

description: This study examines the language proficiency of Late French Immersion students in relationship to the affective variables: self-perceived competency and intrinsic motivation. The sample was comprised of 40 students, ages twelve to thirteen years, who attended a dual-track school in a suburban setting of British Columbia. The Piers-Harris Children's Self-Concept Scale was utilized to ascertain a subscale score of academic self-concept. An estimate of the studentsâ motivational orientation, expressed along an intrinsic/extrinsic continuum, was measured by the Nowicki-Strickland Locus of Control Scale for Children. Secondary data on affective variables associated with the students' and their parents were determined through the administration of self-report items selected from the Attitude and Motivation Test Battery of Gardner and Associates. Competency was measured by a standardized instrument, The French Immersion Achievement Test (FIAT) and the B.C. Ministry Assessments of 1987 and 1988. A descriptive analysis of all the variables (aptitude, linguistic & affective) was conducted. Various statistical procedures (Pearson correlation, chi-square and linear regression) were effected with attention to the correlational relationships between: aptitude, language performance, intrinsic motivation, self-perceived competency and integrative orientation. The interrelationship of situational factors such as, standard characteristics of the French Immersion environment and pertinent information on parental student support, was presented.
Anomalous Heat Conduction in Quasi-One-Dimensional Gases
Creators: name: Nishino, Taka H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: From three-dimensional linearized hydrodynamic equations, it is found that the heat conductivity is proportional to $(L_x/(L_y^2 L_z^2))^{1/3}$, where $L_x$, $L_y$ and $L_z$ are the lengths of the system along the $x$, $y$ and $z$ directions, and we consider the case in which $L_x \gg L_y, L_z$. The necessary condition for such a size dependence is derived as $ϕ\equiv L_x/(n^{1/2} L_y^{5/4} L_z^{5/4}) \gg 1$, where $ϕ$ is the critical condition parameter and $n$ is the number density. This size dependence of the heat conductivity has been confirmed by molecular dynamics simulation.
description: 10 pages, 4 figures
The birth of strange stars: kinetics, hydrodynamics and phenomenology of supernovae and GRBs
Creators: name: Horvath, J. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a short review of strange quark matter in supernovae and related explosions, with particular attention to the issue of the propagation of the combustion in the dense stellar environment. We discuss the instabilities affecting the flame and present some new results of application to the turbulent regime. The transition to the distributed regime and further deflagration-to-detonation mechanism are addressed. Finally we show that magnetic fields may be important for this problem, because they modify the flame through the dispersion relations which characterize the instabilities. A tentative classification of explosive phenomena according to the value of the average local magnetic field affecting the burning and the type of stellar system in which this conversion is taking place is presented. As a general result, we conclude that "short" conversion timescales are always favored, since the burning falls in either the turbulent Rayleigh-Taylor (or even the distributed) regime, or perhaps in the detonation one. In both cases the velocity is several orders of magnitude larger than $v_{lam}$, and therefore the latter is irrelevant in practice for this problem. Interesting perspectives for the study of this problem are still open and important issues need to be addressed.
description: 23 pp., 1 .eps figure
Carbon Dioxide Emissions Related to the Production of Some Oil Field Crops Grown in the Eastern Mediterranean Region.
Creators: name: Bilgili, Mehmet Emin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 300202
subject: Agricultural land management

description: In recent years, the persistent issue of climate change, attributed to global warming induced by the accumulation of greenhouse gases, has become increasingly significant. In the global effort to address climate change, governments focus on the formulation and implementation of policies designed to manage and diminish the surge in greenhouse gas emissions responsible for the phenomenon of global warming. For this reason, it is becoming increasingly important to analyze the determination of greenhouse gas emissions released by agricultural production. This study aimed to determine the carbon dioxide emissions from cultivating some oil field crops in the Eastern Mediterranean Region. Oilseed sunflower, soybean, and peanut were selected from the oilseed crops widely cultivated in the region. In the five years between 2018 and 2022, the total production area of the three crops was 152 974 ha, the total production amount was 557 868 tons, and the total yield was 3.65 tons ha-1. With the fuel-based CO2 emission calculation method proposed by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, the average CO2 emission, specific fuel consumption, and specific CO2 emission resulting from the cultivation of sunflower, soybean, and peanut crops in 2018-2022 were determined as 58.45 ktCO2, 81.08 gfuel kgproduct-1 and 275.84 gCO2 kgproduct-1, respectively. In soybean and peanut production, fuel consumption and CO2 emissions were highest in tillage and lowest in spraying. In sunflower production, the highest fuel consumption and CO2 emissions occurred in the transportation process and the lowest in the fertilization process.
Additional file 5 of Comparative transcriptome analyses reveal two distinct transcriptional modules associated with pollen shedding time in pine
Creators: name: Ma, Jing-Jing
name: Liu, Shuang-Wei
name: Han, Fang-Xu
name: Li, Wei
name: Li, Yue
name: Niu, Shi-Hui
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 5: Figure S5. mRNA accumulation was significantly decreased at the transcriptome-wide level in the winter.
The effects of using icons and direct manipulation interfaces : an empirical study
Creators: name: Lee, Robert Kar Lok
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2008

description: With the advancements in computing technology, applications have been developed before the true utility of the innovation is known and before appropriate testing can be undertaken to determine the best means of implementing it. Many failures in information systems have been traced to the failure of systems professionals to adequately consider the human component of the system, and the relationship between the individual and technology. The purpose of this study was to examine the performance impact of using icons and direct manipulation in human-computer interfaces. An icon based interface uses pictures or images to represent commands, objects, and system information. These images can be invoked, activated, moved by the user simply by pointing to the desired image with a device such as a mouse or a light pen. The uniqueness of how graphical information is processed in our mind provide a sound theoretical ground to suggest that icon based interfaces can improve user performance and have the ability to speed learning, when compared to non-icon based interfaces. A direct manipulation interface refers to an interface which has three unique properties:1) continuous representation of the object of interest; 2) physical actions or "labeled button presses" instead of complex syntax; and 3) rapid, incremental, reversible operations whose impact on the object of interest is immediately visible. The advantage of the direct manipulation is the fact that users are in direct control of the model world rather than working through some intermediary such as a command language. A laboratory experiment was conducted to examine the icon and direct manipulation effects. Four types of interfaces: icon based direct manipulation, non-icon based direct manipulation, icon based non-direct manipulation, and non-icon based non-direct manipulation interfaces were tested using a simple office task. Twelve subjects were randomly assigned to each of the four interface types from the 48 recruits. Each subject was required to complete three experimental sessions in two separate time periods. The independent variables were total time taken and number of actions required to complete the task, number of actions per second, number of errors made in the task, and the percentage of incorrect actions. Results show that there is not sufficient evidence to conclude icon based interfaces are better than non-icon based interfaces. However, there is a strong indication that direct manipulation interfaces are superior to non-direct manipulation interfaces in terms of time taken to perform the task and number of actions completed per second. There is also indication that over time, subjects could master the interface and perform the task more efficiently. Several directions for future research emerge from the results of the study. Redesign of interfaces, past computer experience, and extended period to measure the time effect are suggested for further research on this topic.
Few-Body Effects in Cold Atoms and Limit Cycles
Creators: name: Hammer, H. -W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Physical systems with a large scattering length have universal properties independent of the details of the interaction at short distances. Such systems can be realized in experiments with cold atoms close to a Feshbach resonance. They also occur in many other areas of physics such as nuclear and particle physics. The universal properties include a geometric spectrum of three-body bound states (so-called Efimov states) and log-periodic dependence of low-energy observables on the physical parameters of the system. This behavior is characteristic of a renormalization group limit cycle. We discuss universality in the three- and four-body sectors and give an overview of applications in cold atoms.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures, plenary talk at the 18th International IUPAP Conference on Few-Body Problems in Physics (FB18), Santos, Brazil, August 2006
Black Hole Leftovers: The Remnant Population from Binary Black Hole Mergers
Creators: name: Doctor, Zoheyr
name: Farr, Ben
name: Holz, Daniel E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The inspiral and merger of two black holes produces a remnant black hole with mass and spin determined by the properties of its parent black holes. Using the inferred population properties of component black holes from the first two and a half observing runs of Advanced LIGO and Virgo, we calculate the population properties of the leftover remnant black holes. By integrating their rate of formation over the age of the universe, we estimate the number density of remnant black holes today. Using simple prescriptions for the cosmic star formation rate and black hole inspiral delay times, we determine the number density of this leftover black hole population to be $660_{-240}^{+440} \mathrm{Mpc}^{-3}$, corresponding to $\sim 60,000$ black hole remnants per Milky-Way-equivalent galaxy. The mass spectrum of these remnants starts at $\sim 10 M_\odot$ and can be approximated by a decreasing exponential with characteristic length $\sim 15 M_\odot$, the final spin distribution is sharply peaked at $χ_f\sim0.7$, and the kick velocities range from tens to thousands of km/s. These kick velocities suggest that globular clusters and nuclear star clusters may retain up to $3_{-2}^{+3}\%$ and $46_{-15}^{+17}\%$ of their remnant black holes, respectively, while young star clusters would only retain a few tenths of a percent. The estimates in this work assume that none of the remnants participate in subsequent hierarchical mergers. If hierarchical mergers occur, the overall number density would drop accordingly and the remnant mass distribution shape would evolve over time. This population of leftover black holes is an inescapable result from gravitational-wave observations of binary black-hole mergers.
description: 9 pages, 3 figures, updated references and fixed a numerical error
KMT-2018-BLG-1025Lb: microlensing super-Earth planet orbiting a low-mass star
Creators: name: Han, Cheongho
name: Udalski, Andrzej
name: Lee, Chung-Uk
name: Albrow, Michael D.
name: Chung, Sun-Ju
name: Gould, Andrew
name: Hwang, Kyu-Ha
name: Jung, Youn Kil
name: Kim, Doeon
name: Kim, Hyoun-Woo
name: Ryu, Yoon-Hyun
name: Shin, In-Gu
name: Shvartzvald, Yossi
name: Yee, Jennifer C.
name: Zang, Weicheng
name: Cha, Sang-Mok
name: Kim, Dong-Jin
name: Kim, Seung-Lee
name: Lee, Dong-Joo
name: Lee, Yongseok
name: Park, Byeong-Gon
name: Pogge, Richard W.
name: Kim, Chun-Hwey
name: Kim, Woong-Tae
name: Mróz, Przemek
name: Szymański, Michał K.
name: Skowron, Jan
name: Poleski, Radosław
name: Soszyński, Igor
name: Pietrukowicz, Paweł
name: Kozłowski, Szymon
name: Ulaczyk, Krzysztof
name: Rybicki, Krzysztof A.
name: Iwanek, Patryk
name: Wrona, Marcin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We aim to find missing microlensing planets hidden in the unanalyzed lensing events of previous survey data. For this purpose, we conduct a systematic inspection of high-magnification microlensing events, with peak magnifications $A_{\rm peak}\gtrsim 30$, in the data collected from high-cadence surveys in and before the 2018 season. From this investigation, we identify an anomaly in the lensing light curve of the event KMT-2018-BLG-1025. The analysis of the light curve indicates that the anomaly is caused by a very low mass-ratio companion to the lens. We identify three degenerate solutions, in which the ambiguity between a pair of solutions (solutions B) is caused by the previously known close--wide degeneracy, and the degeneracy between these and the other solution (solution A) is a new type that has not been reported before. The estimated mass ratio between the planet and host is $q\sim 0.8\times 10^{-4}$ for the solution A and $q\sim 1.6\times 10^{-4}$ for the solutions B. From the Bayesian analysis conducted with measured observables, we estimate that the masses of the planet and host and the distance to the lens are $(M_{\rm p}, M_{\rm h}, D_{\rm L})\sim (6.1~M_\oplus, 0.22~M_\odot, 6.7~{\rm kpc})$ for the solution A and $\sim (4.4~M_\oplus, 0.08~M_\odot, 7.5~{\rm kpc})$ for the solutions B. The planet mass is in the category of a super-Earth regardless of the solutions, making the planet the eleventh super-Earth planet, with masses lying between those of Earth and the Solar system's ice giants, discovered by microlensing.
description: 10 pages, 10 figures, 5 tables
Magnetic irreversibility and Verwey transition in nano-crystalline bacterial magnetite
Creators: name: Prozorov, Ruslan
name: Prozorov, Tanya
name: Williams, Timothy J.
name: Bazylinski, Dennis A.
name: Mallapragada, Surya K.
name: Narasimhan, Balaji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The magnetic properties of biologically-produced magnetite nanocrystals biomineralized by four different magnetotactic bacteria were compared to those of synthetic magnetite nanocrystals and large, high quality single crystals. The magnetic feature at the Verwey temperature, $T_{V}$, was clearly seen in all nanocrystals, although its sharpness depended on the shape of individual nanoparticles and whether or not the particles were arranged in magnetosome chains. The transition was broader in the individual superparamagnetic nanoparticles for which $T_{B}T_{V}$ and the Verwey transition is sharply defined. No correlation between the particle size and $T_{V}$ was found. Furthermore, measurements of $M(H,T,time)$ suggest that magnetosome chains behave as long magnetic dipoles where the local magnetic field is directed along the chain and this result confirms that time-logarithmic magnetic relaxation is due to the collective (dipolar) nature of the barrier for magnetic moment reorientation.
Physical Activity in Women Diagnosed with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus
Creators: name: Harrison, Anne Louise
Publisher: name: La Trobe
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 110317 Physiotherapy
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: A thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Physiotherapy to the Department of Physiotherapy, Podiatry and Prosthetics and Orthotics, School of Allied Health, Human Services and Sport, La Trobe University, Victoria, Australia.
Inter-Layer Screening Length to Electric Field in Thin Graphite Film
Creators: name: Miyazaki, Hisao
name: Odaka, Shunsuke
name: Sato, Takashi
name: Tanaka, Sho
name: Goto, Hidenori
name: Kanda, Akinobu
name: Tsukagoshi, Kazuhito
name: Ootuka, Youiti
name: Aoyagi, Yoshinobu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Electric conduction in thin graphite film was tuned by two gate electrodes to clarify how the gate electric field induces electric carriers in thin graphite. The graphite was sandwiched between two gate electrodes arranged in a top and bottom gate configuration. A scan of the top gate voltage generates a resistance peak in ambiploar response. The ambipolar peak is shifted by the bottom gate voltage, where the shift rate depends on the graphite thickness. The thickness-dependent peak shift was clarified in terms of the inter-layer screening length to the electric field in the double-gated graphite film. The screening length of 1.2 nm was experimentally obtained.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures. To be published in Applied Physics Express
Superspace formulations of the (super)twistor string
Creators: name: Bandos, Igor A.
name: de Azcarraga, Jose A.
name: Miquel-Espanya, Cesar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The superspace formulation of the worldvolume action of twistor string models is considered. It is shown that for the Berkovits-Siegel closed twistor string such a formulation is provided by a N=4 twistor-like action of the tensionless superstring. A similar inverse twistor transform of the open twistor string model (Berkovits model) results in a dynamical system containing two copies of the D=4, N=4 superspace coordinate functions, one left-moving and one right-moving, that are glued by the boundary conditions. We also discuss possible candidates for a tensionful superstring action leading to the twistor string in the tensionless limit as well as multidimensional counterparts of twistor strings in the framework of both `standard' superspace and superspace enlarged by tensorial coordinates (tensorial superspaces), which constitute a natural framework for massless higher spin theories.
description: Rev Tex, 13 pages, no figures
A quantitative evaluation of porcupine-habitat relationships in the Kalum Valley, B. C.
Creators: name: Lawson, Andrea L
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2008

description: The implications that the interactions between animals and the communities in which they exist have to wildlife management are just being realized. The assessment of species-habitat interactions necessitates the consideration of many variables and the adaptation of multivariate statistics to ecology has made possible the multidimensional consideration of habitats. The purpose of this thesis is to evaluate the usefulness of a multivariate approach to an applied management problem: porcupine-habitat interactions in the Kalum Valley B.C. In recent years an alarming amount of damage caused by the winter feeding of porcupines has been occurring on the north coast of B.C. There is concern that silvicultural practices, such as thinning of croptrees, are predisposing stands to attack. The three specific objectives addressed in this thesis are: 1) To test the hypothesis that thinned stands incur more damage than unthinned stands 2) To investigate the process by which porcupines are selecting habitats and individual trees 3) To determine the variable or combination of variables that best predicts damage. Four 100 ha. blocks of forest were selected in the Kalum Valley.Two stands had been spaced and two were unmanaged. Within these stands 25 sampling plots were randomly selected. Three sets of variables were recorded in each plot: recent and past porcupine damage to trees, % cover of all species of vegetation, % cover of vegetation strata. The results indicate that thinned stands do not incur more damage than unthinned stands. In fact, unthinned stands incur more new damage than do spaced areas, indicating that porcupines demonstrate choice at the level of large blocks of forest perhaps on the basis of stand properties such as density or basal area of trees. Hemlock was almost exclusively attacked with damage peaking in the 20.1-20.5 diameter class. Within stands, damage is not related to density, basal area of trees or any site features at the level of the plot except the number of stumps. Damage is related to the cover of a few herbs. This result is probably related tothe greater amounts of light reaching the forest floor in damaged areas resulting from the dead tops of the hemlock trees. Thus, damage is predictable from the individual tree characteristics of species and diameter class of trees. Trees in unthinned areas appear to be more likely to incur damage.
Generating entanglement between quantum dots with different resonant frequencies based on Dipole Induced Transparency
Creators: name: Sridharan, Deepak
name: Waks, Edo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe a method for generating entanglement between two spatially separated dipoles coupled to optical micro-cavities. The protocol works even when the dipoles have different resonant frequencies and radiative lifetimes. This method is particularly important for solid-state emitters, such as quantum dots, which suffer from large inhomogeneous broadening. We show that high fidelities can be obtained over a large dipole detuning range without significant loss of efficiency. We analyze the impact of higher order photon number states and cavity resonance mismatch on the performance of the protocol.
Pade and Hermite-Pade approximation and orthogonality
Creators: name: Van Assche, Walter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 41A21, 41A28, 42C05, 33C45

description: We give a short introduction to Pade approximation (rational approximation to a function with close contact at one point) and to Hermite-Pade approximation (simultaneous rational approximation to several functions with close contact at one point) and show how orthogonality plays a crucial role. We give some insight into how logarithmic potential theory helps in describing the asymptotic behavior and the convergence properties of Pade and Hermite-Pade approximation.
description: 31 pages
Testing for threshold effects in the TARMA framework
Creators: name: Goracci, Greta
name: Giannerini, Simone
name: Chan, Kung-Sik
name: Tong, Howell
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: Econometrics (econ.EM)
subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 62M10, 91B84

description: We present supremum Lagrange Multiplier tests to compare a linear ARMA specification against its threshold ARMA extension. We derive the asymptotic distribution of the test statistics both under the null hypothesis and contiguous local alternatives. Moreover, we prove the consistency of the tests. The Monte Carlo study shows that the tests enjoy good finite-sample properties, are robust against model mis-specification and their performance is not affected if the order of the model is unknown. The tests present a low computational burden and do not suffer from some of the drawbacks that affect the quasi-likelihood ratio setting. Lastly, we apply our tests to a time series of standardized tree-ring growth indexes and this can lead to new research in climate studies.
Provenancing of cement using elemental analyses and isotope techniques – the state-of-the-art and future perspectives
Creators: name: Kazlagić, Anera
name: Vogl, Jochen
name: Gluth, Gregor J. G.
name: Stephan, Dietmar
Publisher: name: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::540 Chemie::543 Analytische Chemie
subject: cement
subject: provenance
subject: isotopes
subject: isotope techniques
subject: isotope ratios
subject: Zement
subject: Herkunftsbestimmung
subject: Isotopen
subject: Isotopentechniken
subject: Isotopenverhältnisse

description: With the aim of identifying the origin and the manufacturer of a cement, a reliable procedure that provides unambiguous results is needed. Such procedure could resolve practical issues in damage research, liability issues and forensic investigations. A substantial number of attempts for fingerprinting of building materials, including cement, has already been carried out during the last decades. Most of them were based on concentration analysis of the main elements/components. This review provides an overview of provenance studies of cement and the main approaches commonly used. Provenance studies of cement via isotope techniques are also presented and discussed as representatives of the state-of-the-art in the field. Due to the characteristic properties and the occurrence of carefully selected isotope ratios, unique fingerprints of different kinds of materials can be provided by these methods. This property has largely been explored in various scientific fields such as geo- and cosmochemistry, food forensics, archaeology, geochronology, biomedical studies, and climate change processes. However, the potential of isotope techniques in cement and concrete research for provenance studies has barely been investigated. Therefore, the review outlines a suitable approach using isotope ratios, which could lead to reliable provenancing of cementitious materials in the future.
Development of a sample preparation procedure for Sr isotope analysis of Portland cements
Creators: name: Kazlagić, Anera
name: Russo, Francesco F.
name: Vogl, Jochen
name: Sturm, Patrick
name: Stephan, Dietmar
name: Gluth, Gregor J. G.
Publisher: name: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::540 Chemie::543 Analytische Chemie
subject: cement
subject: clinker
subject: sample preparation
subject: strontium isotopes
subject: provenancing

description: The 87Sr/86Sr isotope ratio can, in principle, be used for provenancing of cement. However, while commercial cements consist of multiple components, no detailed investigation into their individual 87Sr/86Sr isotope ratios or their influence on the integral 87Sr/86Sr isotope ratio of the resulting cement was conducted previously. Therefore, the present study aimed at determining and comparing the conventional 87Sr/86Sr isotope ratios of a diverse set of Portland cements and their corresponding Portland clinkers, the major component of these cements. Two approaches to remove the additives from the cements, i.e. to measure the conventional 87Sr/86Sr isotopic fingerprint of the clinker only, were tested, namely, treatment with a potassium hydroxide/sucrose solution and sieving on a 11-µm sieve. Dissolution in concentrated hydrochloric acid/nitric acid and in diluted nitric acid was employed to determine the 87Sr/86Sr isotope ratios of the cements and the individual clinkers. The aim was to find the most appropriate sample preparation procedure for cement provenancing, and the selection was realised by comparing the 87Sr/86Sr isotope ratios of differently treated cements with those of the corresponding clinkers. None of the methods to separate the clinkers from the cements proved to be satisfactory. However, it was found that the 87Sr/86Sr isotope ratios of clinker and cement generally corresponded, meaning that the latter can be used as a proxy for the clinker 87Sr/86Sr isotope ratio. Finally, the concentrated hydrochloric acid/nitric acid dissolution method was found to be the most suitable sample preparation method for the cements; it is thus recommended for 87Sr/86Sr isotope analyses for cement provenancing.
The speed of the `bullet' in the merging galaxy cluster 1E0657-56
Creators: name: Springel, Volker
name: Farrar, Glennys
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Deep Chandra exposures of the hot galaxy cluster 1E0657-56 have revealed that the cluster is observed shortly after the first core-passage of a massive infalling subcluster, which is preceded by a prominent bow shock with Mach number M~3. The inferred shock velocity of ~4700 km/s has been commonly interpreted as the velocity of the `bullet' subcluster itself. This velocity is unexpectedly high in the LCDM cosmology, which may require non-trivial modifications in the dark sector to be accommodated if taken at face value. Here we present explicit hydrodynamical toy models of galaxy cluster mergers which very well reproduce the observed dynamical state of 1E0657-56 and the mass models inferred from gravitational lensing observations. However, despite a shock speed of 4500 km/s, the subcluster's mass centroid is moving only with 2600 km/s in the rest frame of the system. The difference arises in part due to a gravitationally induced inflow velocity of the gas ahead of the shock, which amounts to ~1100 km/s for our assumed 10:1 mass ratio of the merger. A second effect is that the shock front moves faster than the subcluster itself. A generic LCDM collision model, where a bullet subcluster with concentration c=7.2 merges with a parent cluster with concentration c=3 on a zero-energy orbit, reproduces all the main observational features seen in 1E0657-56 with good accuracy, suggesting that 1E0657-56 is well in line with expectations from standard cosmological models. In theories with an additional 5th-force in the dark sector, the subcluster can be accelerated beyond the velocity reached in LCDM, and the spatial offset between the X-ray peak and the mass centroid of the subcluster can be significantly enlarged. (abridged)
description: 15 pages, submitted, 14 figures, animation available at http://www.mpa-garching.mpg.de/~volker/bullet
Gnypeta nigrella
Creators: name: Klimaszewski, Jan
name: Savard, Karine
name: Pelletier, Georges
name: Webster, Reginald
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2008
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Staphylinidae
Gnypeta
Gnypeta nigrella

description: 16. Gnypeta nigrella (LeConte 1863: 29); Bland 1865: 412; Moore and Legner 1975: 422. (CANADA: New Brunswick; UNITED STATES: Massachusetts, Pennsylvania, Maryland, Vermont).
description: Published as part of Klimaszewski, Jan, Savard, Karine, Pelletier, Georges & Webster, Reginald, 2008, Species review of the genus Gnypeta Thomson from Canada, Alaska and Greenland (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Aleocharinae): systematics, bionomics and distribution, pp. 11-84 in ZooKeys 2 (2) on page 24, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.2.4, http://zenodo.org/record/576410
description: {"references": ["LeConte JL (1863) New species of North American Coleoptera. Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections 6: 1 - 56.", "Bland JHB (1865) Compiled descriptions of North American Staphylinidae. Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Philadelphia 4: 391 - 425.", "Moore I., Legner EF (1975) A catalogue of the Staphylinidae of America north of Mexico (Coleoptera). University of California Division of Agricultural Sciences. Special Publication No. 3015: 1 - 514."]}
Black Holes on Eguchi-Hanson Space in Five-Dimensional Einstein-Maxwell Theory
Creators: name: Ishihara, Hideki
name: Kimura, Masashi
name: Matsuno, Ken
name: Tomizawa, Shinya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct a pair of black holes on the Eguchi-Hanson space as a solution in the five-dimensional Einstein-Maxwell theory.
description: 4 pages, to be published as a Brief Report in Physical Review D
Additional file 7 of A 20-year bibliometric analysis of Fuchs endothelial corneal dystrophy: from 2001 to 2020
Creators: name: Lin, Feng
name: Zhang, Luoli
name: Wang, Yimin
name: Fu, Dan
name: Wang, Yuliang
name: Zhou, Xingtao
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 7: Supplementary Figure 6. Top 20 journals with the highest number of publications in the field of FECD research. The x-axis represents a journal’s proportion of the total 1041 publications.
A new sharp estimate on the dimension of the attractor for the Dirichlet problem of the complex Ginzburg-Landau equation
Creators: name: Karachalios, Nikos I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 35Q55, 35B40, 35B41, 37L30

description: Using the improved lower bound on the sum of the eigenvalues of the Dirichlet Laplacian proved by A. D. Melas (Proc. Amer. Math. Soc. \textbf{131} (2003) 631-636), we report a new and sharp estimate for the dimension of the global attractor associated to the complex Ginzburg-Landau equation supplemented with Dirichlet boundary conditions.
description: 5 pages
Impact of a keto diet on symptoms of Parkinson's disease, biomarkers, depression, anxiety and quality of life: a longitudinal study
Creators: name: Tidman, Melanie M
name: White, Dawn Reid
name: White, Tim A
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: Medicine
Neuroscience
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Cancer
Science Policy
Mental Health

description: Aim: Evidence suggests low-carbohydrate diets (LCHF) may assist in treating neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson's disease (PD); however, gaps exist in the literature. Patients & methods: We conducted a small 24-week pilot study to investigate the effects of an LCHF diet on motor and nonmotor symptoms, health biomarkers, anxiety, and depression in seven people with PD. We also captured patient experiences during the process (quality of life [QoL]). Results: Participants reported improved biomarkers, enhanced cognition, mood, motor and nonmotor symptoms, and reduced pain and anxiety. Participants felt improvements enhanced their QoL. Conclusion: We conclude that an LCHF intervention is safe, feasible, and potentially effective in mitigating the symptoms of this disorder. However, more extensive randomized controlled studies are needed to create generalizable recommendations. Parkinson's disease (PD) is the number two neurodegenerative diagnosis globally, second only to Alzheimer's disease. Persons with PD experience symptoms that interfere with mobility, balance, socialization, cognition, and activities of daily living. Persons with PD often suffer from comorbidities such as hypertension, pre-diabetes, diabetes, and cardiac events. Persons with PD can experience symptoms of anxiety and depression. Persons with PD can benefit from dietary interventions, including the ketogenic diet, to address their general health and symptoms. A 24-week ketogenic diet (KD) intervention in adults with PD positively influenced gait and mobility, self-care, socialization, depression and anxiety, and improved biomarkers of general health. A nutrition-centered approach to mitigate symptoms in persons with PD has potential applications for the PD population. As healthcare costs increase, it will become crucial for persons with neurodegenerative disease conditions to seek alternative strategies to manage their conditions due to issues of reimbursement and access to healthcare.
Direct Observation of the Scale Relation between Density of States and Pairing Gap in a Dirty Superconductor
Creators: name: Zhu, Chang-Jiang
name: Liu, Limin
name: Song, Peng-Bo
name: Deng, Han-Bin
name: Yi, Chang-Jiang
name: Sun, Ying-Kai
name: Wu, R.
name: Yin, Jia-Xin
name: Shi, Youguo
name: Wang, Ziqiang
name: Pan, Shuheng H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Theories and experiments on dirty superconductors are sophisticated but important for both fundamentals and applications. It becomes more challenging when magnetic fields are present, because the field distribution, the electron density of states, and the superconducting pairing potentials are nonuniform. Here we present tunneling microspectroscopic experiments on NbC single crystals and show that NbC is a homogeneous dirty superconductor. When applying magnetic fields to the sample, we observe that the zero-energy local density of states and the pairing energy gap follow an explicit scale relation proposed by de Gennes for homogeneous dirty superconductors in high magnetic fields. Surprisingly, our experimental findings suggest that the validity of the scale relation extends to magnetic field strengths far below the upper critical field and call for new nonperturbative understanding of this fundamental property in dirty superconductors. On the practical side, we use the observed scale relation to drive a simple and straightforward experimental scheme for extracting the superconducting coherence length of a dirty superconductor in magnetic fields.
ชนวนความขัดแย้งของจีนและญี่ปุ่น จากสงครามโลกครั้งที่สองสู่ข้อพิพาทหมู่เกาะเตียวหวี
Creators: name: ศ. ดร.สุรชัย ศิริไกร
Publisher: name: สถาบันเอเชียตะวันออกศึกษาฯ มหาวิทยาลัยธรรมศาสตร์
Year: 2015
Subjects: ความสัมพันธ์จีน-ญี่ปุ่น,หมู่เกาะเตียวหวี,เขตป้องกันภัยทางอากาศ,สงครามโลกครั้งที่ 2

description: 2, 31, วารสารญี่ปุ่นศึกษา