cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Metavariation and long term evolutionary patterns
Creators: name: Blachford, Alistair M
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: By definition "adaptability" is the ability of living systems to cope with change. Genetic adaptability requires the production of genetic variation. The view that variation production is undirected or random, i.e. unconnected with selection, implies that selection does not tailor genetic adaptability. But many genetic elements are known to modify processes of variation production, and secondary selection can act on them, so that view is not justified. Over the longer term, natural selection 'favors' properties important, in maintaining immediate fitness, as well as properties important for persistence in the short term. Genetic adaptability is less important in the short term, and is ignored in models based on short term definitions of fitness (e.g. relative effective rate of increase). If "fitness" is to be "the properties favored by natural selection", then its definition should be time scale dependent. Currently prevalent short term definitions of the action of natural selection should not be allowed to hamper consideration of the role of slow processes in determining long term evolutionary patterns. A review of patterns in genome size, and the existing explanations for them, reveals that most explanations are based on notions of adaptedness to the state of the environment. An explanation of genome size patterns based on the rate of change of environments is proposed. It is hypothesized that part of the genome is involved in regulating variation production, and that more DNA means slower production of additive genetic variation. This new hypothesis is simple, general, and testable, but requires more evidence. The question is raised of whether genomes might be organized to facilitate the adjustment of genetic variation production by natural selection.
Dynamics of Alpha-Helix Formation in the CSAW Model
Creators: name: Lei, Jinzhi
name: Huang, Kerson
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the folding dynamics of polyalanine (Ala$_{20}$), a protein fragment with 20 residues whose native state is a single alpha helix. We use the CSAW model (conditioned self-avoiding walk), which treats the protein molecule as a chain in Brownian motion, with interactions that include hydrophobic forces and internal hydrogen bonding. We find that large scale structures form before small scale structures, and obtain the relevant relaxation times. We find that helix nucleation occurs at two separate points on the protein chain. The evolution of small and large scale structures involve different mechanisms. While the former can be describe by rate equations governing the growth of helical content, the latter is akin to the relaxation of an elastic solid.
description: 18 pages, 10 figures
Unified Treatment of Mixed Vector-Scalar Screened Coulomb Potentials for Fermions
Creators: name: Castro, Luis B.
name: de Castro, Antonio S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The problem of a fermion subject to a general mixing of vector and scalar screened Coulomb potentials in a two-dimensional world is analyzed and quantization conditions are found.
description: 7 pages
Universal spreading of wavepackets in disordered nonlinear systems
Creators: name: Flach, S.
name: Krimer, D.
name: Skokos, Ch.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the absence of nonlinearity all eigenmodes of a chain with disorder are spatially localized (Anderson localization). The width of the eigenvalue spectrum, and the average eigenvalue spacing inside the localization volume, set two frequency scales. An initially localized wavepacket spreads in the presence of nonlinearity. Nonlinearity introduces frequency shifts, which define three different evolution outcomes: i) localization as a transient, with subsequent subdiffusion; ii) the absence of the transient, and immediate subdiffusion; iii) selftrapping of a part of the packet, and subdiffusion of the remainder. The subdiffusive spreading is due to a finite number of packet modes being resonant. This number does not change on average, and depends only on the disorder strength. Spreading is due to corresponding weak chaos inside the packet, which slowly heats the cold exterior. The second moment of the packet is increasing as $t^α$. We find $α=1/3$.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures
title: e-Jahresbericht 2018 des DAI – Cluster 7
title: e-Jahresbericht 2018 des DAI – Cluster 7
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Institut, Deutsches Archäologisches
Publisher: name: Deutsches Archäologisches Institut
Year: 2019

description: DAI e-Jahresberichte, e-Jahresbericht 2018 des Deutschen Archäologischen Instituts
A history of mathematic : Euclid
Creators: name: Rusdianto Ikhsan Fajar, Ikhsan Fajar
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Euclid adalah seorang matematikawan Yunani Kuno yang hidup sekitar tahun 300 SM. Ia dikenal sebagai "Bapak Geometri" karena karyanya yang berjudul The Elements, yang merupakan buku geometri paling berpengaruh dalam sejarah matematika. Buku ini berisi kumpulan teorema dan dalil geometri yang disusun secara sistematis dan logis, dengan menggunakan lima postulat sebagai dasar.

The Elements telah diterjemahkan ke dalam berbagai bahasa dan menjadi buku teks standar untuk pengajaran geometri selama lebih dari 2.000 tahun. Buku ini telah menjadi inspirasi bagi para matematikawan dan ilmuwan lain, dan telah memberikan kontribusi yang signifikan bagi perkembangan matematika dan ilmu pengetahuan.

Selain The Elements, Euclid juga menulis beberapa karya lain, termasuk Data, On Division of Figures, dan Conics. Karya-karya ini juga berpengaruh besar terhadap perkembangan matematika.

Euclid lahir di kota Aleksandria, Mesir, yang pada saat itu merupakan pusat pembelajaran dan kebudayaan dunia. Ia belajar matematika dari para ahli matematika di Aleksandria, dan kemudian menjadi guru matematika di sana.

Euclid adalah seorang matematikawan yang sangat berbakat dan produktif. Ia telah memberikan kontribusi yang signifikan bagi perkembangan geometri, dan karya-karyanya masih terus dipelajari dan dihargai hingga saat ini.

Berikut adalah beberapa kontribusi utama Euclid bagi matematika:

Merumuskan lima postulat geometri, yang menjadi dasar dari semua teorema geometri.

**Menyusun The Elements, yang merupakan buku geometri paling berpengaruh dalam sejarah matematika.

Menulis beberapa karya lain yang berpengaruh besar terhadap perkembangan matematika.

Euclid adalah salah satu matematikawan paling penting dalam sejarah. Karya-karyanya telah memberikan kontribusi yang signifikan bagi perkembangan matematika dan ilmu pengetahuan.
Flavor Invariants and Renormalization-group Equations in the Leptonic Sector with Massive Majorana Neutrinos
Creators: name: Wang, Yilin
name: Yu, Bingrong
name: Zhou, Shun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the present paper, we carry out a systematic study of the flavor invariants and their renormalization-group equations (RGEs) in the leptonic sector with three generations of charged leptons and massive Majorana neutrinos. First, following the approach of the Hilbert series from the invariant theory, we show that there are 34 basic flavor invariants in the generating set, among which 19 invariants are CP-even and the others are CP-odd. Any flavor invariants can be expressed as the polynomials of those 34 basic invariants in the generating set. Second, we explicitly construct all the basic invariants and derive their RGEs, which form a closed system of differential equations as they should. The numerical solutions to the RGEs of the basic flavor invariants have also been found. Furthermore, we demonstrate how to extract physical observables from the basic invariants. Our study is helpful for understanding the algebraic structure of flavor invariants in the leptonic sector, and also provides a novel way to explore leptonic flavor structures.
description: 42 pages, 1 figure, 3 tables, more discussions and references added, accepted for publication in JHEP
Loneliness Forecasting Using Multi-modal Wearable and Mobile Sensing in Everyday Settings
Creators: name: Yang, Zhongqi
name: Azimi, Iman
name: Jafarlou, Salar
name: Labbaf, Sina
name: Nguyen, Brenda
name: Qureshi, Hana
name: Marcotullio, Christopher
name: Borelli, Jessica L.
name: Dutt, Nikil
name: Rahmani, Amir M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The adverse effects of loneliness on both physical and mental well-being are profound. Although previous research has utilized mobile sensing techniques to detect mental health issues, few studies have utilized state-of-the-art wearable devices to forecast loneliness and estimate the physiological manifestations of loneliness and its predictive nature. The primary objective of this study is to examine the feasibility of forecasting loneliness by employing wearable devices, such as smart rings and watches, to monitor early physiological indicators of loneliness. Furthermore, smartphones are employed to capture initial behavioral signs of loneliness. To accomplish this, we employed personalized machine learning techniques, leveraging a comprehensive dataset comprising physiological and behavioral information obtained during our study involving the monitoring of college students. Through the development of personalized models, we achieved a notable accuracy of 0.82 and an F-1 score of 0.82 in forecasting loneliness levels seven days in advance. Additionally, the application of Shapley values facilitated model explainability. The wealth of data provided by this study, coupled with the forecasting methodology employed, possesses the potential to augment interventions and facilitate the early identification of loneliness within populations at risk.
Dynamical systems, celestial mechanics, and music: Pythagoras revisited
Creators: name: Cartwright, Julyan H. E.
name: González, Diego L.
name: Piro, Oreste
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: History and Overview (math.HO)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: History and Philosophy of Physics (physics.hist-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Gioseffo Zarlino reintroduced the Pythagorean paradigm into Renaissance musical theory. In a similar fashion, Nicolaus Copernicus, Galileo Galilei, Johannes Kepler, and Isaac Newton reinvigorated Pythagorean ideas in celestial mechanics; Kepler and Newton explicitly invoked musical principles. Today, the theory of dynamical systems allows us to describe very different applications of physics, from the orbits of asteroids in the Solar System to the pitch of complex sounds. Our aim in this text is to review the overarching aims of our research in this field over the past quarter of a century. We demonstrate with a combination of dynamical systems theory and music theory the thread running from Pythagoras to Zarlino that allowed the latter to construct musical scales using the ideas of proportion known to the former, and we discuss how the modern theory of dynamical systems, with the study of resonances in nonlinear systems, returns to Pythagorean ideas of a Musica Universalis.
Anisotropy-Exchange Resonance as a Mechanism for Entangled State Switching
Creators: name: Switzer, Eric D.
name: Zhang, Xiao-Guang
name: Rahman, Talat S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore the three-particle spin model of an $S_{1}=\frac{1}{2}$ particle (e.g. a stationary electron) interacting with two spin-coupled $S_{\text{2,3}}$ particles with exchange coupling and magnetic anisotropy. We find that in the case of $S_{2,3}=1$ particles, the coupled particle entanglement states can be prepared, controlled, and read by the $S_{1}$ particle. We also find that for particular resonance conditions of the magnetic anisotropy strength $D$ and exchange coupling strength $J$, the entanglement state switching behavior is maximized and is robust against a range of anisotropic application of the exchange coupling.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures
The Effects of Metallicity and AGN Activity on the Mid-Infrared Dust Emission of Galaxies
Creators: name: Wu, Hong
name: Zhu, Yi-Nan
name: Cao, Chen
name: Qin, Bo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using a sample of the $Spitzer$ SWIRE-field galaxies whose optical spectra are taken from the Data Release 4 of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey, we study possible correlations between the Mid-InfraRed (MIR) dust emission from these galaxies and both their metallicities and AGN activities. We find that both metallicity and AGN activity are well correlated with the following ratios: PAH(Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon)-to-star, VSG(Very Small Grain)-to-star and PAH-to-VSG, which can be characterized by $νL_ν[8μm({\rm dust})]/νL_ν[3.6μm]$, $νL_ν[24μm]/νL_ν[3.6μm]$, and$νL_ν[8μm({\rm dust})]/νL_ν[24μm]$ respectively. We argue that our MIR-metallicity correlation could be explained by either the amount of dust (ongoing dust formation) or dust destruction (PAHs and VSGs could be destroyed by hard and intense radiation fields), and that the MIR-AGN correlation could arise due to either PAH destruction or an enhanced VSG continuum by the central AGN.
description: 15 pages, 8 figures; accepted publication in ApJ
IceCube: A Cubic Kilometer Radiation Detector
Creators: name: Klein, Spencer R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: IceCube is a 1 km^3 neutrino detector now being built at the Amundsen-Scott South Pole Station. It consists of 4800 Digital Optical Modules (DOMs) which detect Cherenkov radiation from the charged particles produced in neutrino interactions. IceCube will observe astrophysical neutrinos with energies above about 100 GeV. IceCube will be able to separate ν_μ, ν_e and ν_τinteractions because of their different topologies. IceCube construction is currently 50% complete.
description: Revised version, with details added, per referee request. 8 pages, presented at SORMA West 2008 (Symposium on Radiation Measurement and Applications)
Strangeness in the Nucleon
Creators: name: Dahiya, Harleen
name: Gupta, Manmohan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: There are several different experimental indications, such as the strangeness contribution to the magnetic moment of the proton, sigma_{πN} term, strange spin polarization, ratio of strange and non strange quark flavor distributions which suggest that the nucleon contains a hidden strangeness component which is contradictory to the naive constituent quark model. Chiral constituent quark model with configuration mixing (\chiCQM_{\rm config}) is known to provide a satisfactory explanation of the ``proton spin problem'' and related issues. In the present work, we have extended the model to carry out the calculations for the parameters pertaining to the strange quark content of the nucleon, for example, the strange spin polarization Δs, strange components of the weak axial vector form factors ΔΣand Δ_8 as well as F and D, strangeness magnetic moment of the proton μ_p^s, the strange quark content in the nucleon f_s coming from the σ_{πN} term, the ratios between strange and non-strange quarks \frac{2 s}{u+d} and \frac{2 s}{\bar u+ \bar d}, contribution of strangeness to angular momentum sum rule etc.. Our result demonstrates the broad consistency with the experimental observations as well as other theoretical considerations.
description: 4 pages, To appear in the Proceedings of International Workshop on Theoretical High Energy Physics, 15-20 March 2007, Roorkee, India
Spitzer phase curve observations and circulation models of the inflated ultra-hot Jupiter WASP-76b
Creators: name: May, Erin M.
name: Komacek, Thaddeus D.
name: Stevenson, Kevin B.
name: Kempton, Eliza M. -R.
name: Bean, Jacob L.
name: Malik, Matej
name: Ih, Jegug
name: Mansfield, Megan
name: Savel, Arjun B.
name: Deming, Drake
name: Desert, Jean-Michel
name: Feng, Y. Katherina
name: Fortney, Jonathan J.
name: Kataria, Tiffany
name: Lewis, Nikole
name: Morley, Caroline
name: Rauscher, Emily
name: Showman, Adam
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The large radii of many hot Jupiters can only be matched by models that have hot interior adiabats, and recent theoretical work has shown that the interior evolution of hot Jupiters has a significant impact on their atmospheric structure. Due to its inflated radius, low gravity, and ultra-hot equilibrium temperature, WASP-76b is an ideal case study for the impact of internal evolution on observable properties. Hot interiors should most strongly affect the non-irradiated side of the planet, and thus full phase curve observations are critical to ascertain the effect of the interior on the atmospheres of hot Jupiters. In this work, we present the first Spitzer phase curve observations of WASP-76b. We find that WASP-76b has an ultra-hot day side and relatively cold nightside with brightness temperatures of $2471 \pm 27~\mathrm{K}$/$1518 \pm 61~\mathrm{K}$ at $3.6~\micron$ and $2699 \pm 32~\mathrm{K}$/$1259 \pm 44~\mathrm{K}$ at $4.5~\micron$, respectively. These results provide evidence for a dayside thermal inversion. Both channels exhibit small phase offsets of $0.68 \pm 0.48^{\circ}$ at $3.6~\micron$ and $0.67 \pm 0.2^{\circ}$ at $4.5~μ\mathrm{m}$. We compare our observations to a suite of general circulation models that consider two end-members of interior temperature along with a broad range of frictional drag strengths. Strong frictional drag is necessary to match the small phase offsets and cold nightside temperatures observed. From our suite of cloud-free GCMs, we find that only cases with a cold interior can reproduce the cold nightsides and large phase curve amplitude at $4.5~\micron$, hinting that the hot interior adiabat of WASP-76b does not significantly impact its atmospheric dynamics or that clouds blanket its nightside.
description: 24 pages, 10 Figures, 5 Tables. Accepted to AJ. Co-First Authors
Vanguardia cinematográfica española, Buñuel y Dalì. El caso de Un Chien andalou
Creators: name: Poyato, Pedro
Publisher: name: Annali Online  Lettere - Ferrara
Year: 2012

description: Il saggio ricostruisce la genesi realizzativa della celebre opera prima  di Luís Buñuel, ridimensionando il contributo strettamente  cinematografico di Salvador Dalí, che secondo Poyato deve essere  circoscritto alla fase di stesura della sceneggiatura. L'autore prende  quindi in esame i procedimenti utilizzati dal regista per generare le  immagini, ovvero per trasformare in forma cinematografica la matrice  letteraria del soggetto, che a suo avviso presentano forti punti di  contatto con quelli impiegati da René Magritte nei suoi quadri. Egli  infine sottolinea che Un Chien andalou, benché di produzione  francese, possiede un'impronta marcatamente spagnola, mostrando come la  violenza espressiva delle immagini del film trovi le proprie radici in  una cultura autoctona arcaica e rurale che si colloca agli antipodi  delle raffinatezze del surrealismo parigino.
description: Annali Online  Lettere - Ferrara, III 2 (2008)
Scaling solution for small cosmic string loops
Creators: name: Rocha, Jorge V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The equation governing the time evolution of the number density of loops in a cosmic string network is a detailed balance determined by energy conservation. We solve this equation with the inclusion of the gravitational radiation effect which causes the loops to shrink (and eventually decay) as time elapses. The solution approaches a scaling regime in which the total energy density in loops remains finite, converging both in the infrared and in the ultraviolet.
description: 4 RevTeX4 pages, no figures
Charmless Two-body $B(B_s)\to PP,VP$ decays In Soft-Collinear-Effective-Theory
Creators: name: Wang, Wei
name: Wang, Yu-Ming
name: Yang, De-Shan
name: Lu, Cai-Dian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the charmless two-body $B\to VP$ decays in the soft-collinear-effective-theory (SCET), where $V(P)$ denotes a light vector (pseudoscalar) meson. Using the current experimental data, we find two solutions in $χ^2$ fit for the 16 non-perturbative inputs responsible for the 87 $B\to PP$ and $B\to VP$ decay channels in SU(3) symmetry. Chirally enhanced penguins can only change several charming penguins sizably, since they share the same topology. The (S-P)(S+P) annihilation penguins in the perturbative QCD approach have the same topology with charming penguins in SCET, which play an important role in direct CP asymmetries.
description: 4 pages, Talk given by Lu at the XLIIIth Rencontres de Moriond QCD and High Energy Interactions
Alberto Camerotto, Diafonie. Esercizi sul comico. Atti del Seminario di Studi.  Venezia, 25 maggio 2006. Quaderni del Dipartimento di Scienze dell’Antichità e del Vicino Oriente. Università Ca’ Foscari Venezia. 3. Padova. S.A.R.G.O.N. Editrice
Creators: name: Fiorentini, Leonardo
Publisher: name: Annali Online  Lettere - Ferrara
Year: 2012

description: Annali Online  Lettere - Ferrara, IV 1 (2009)
Exact Delta Kick Cooling, Time-Optimal Control of Scale-Invariant Dynamics, and Shortcuts to Adiabaticity Assisted by Kicks
Creators: name: Dupays, Léonce
name: Spierings, David C.
name: Steinberg, Aephraim M.
name: del Campo, Adolfo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Delta kick cooling (DKC) is used to compress the momentum distribution of ultracold quantum matter. It combines expansion dynamics with the use of kick pulses, designed via classical methods, that bring the system to rest. We introduce an exact approach to DKC for arbitrary scale-invariant dynamics of quantum gases, lifting the original restrictions to free evolution and noninteracting systems, to account for the control of atomic clouds in a time-dependent harmonic trap that can be either repulsive (inverted) or confining. We show that DKC assisted by a repulsive potential outperforms the conventional scheme, and that sudden trap-frequency quenches combined with DKC are equivalent to time-optimal bang-bang protocols. We further show that reverse engineering of the scale-invariant dynamics under smooth trap-frequency modulations can be combined with DKC to introduce a new class of shortcuts to adiabaticity assisted by kicks.
description: 14 pages, 11 figures
Joachim Bahlcke, Geschichte Tschechiens. Vom Mittelalter bis zur Gegenwart
Creators: name: Alexander, Manfred
Publisher: name: Zeitschrift für Ostmitteleuropa-Forschung
Year: 2015

description: Zeitschrift für Ostmitteleuropa-Forschung, Bd. 64 Nr. 1 (2015)
title: e-Jahresbericht 2018 des DAI – Kommission für Archäologie Außereuropäischer Kulturen
Creators: name: Institut, Deutsches Archäologisches
Publisher: name: Deutsches Archäologisches Institut
Year: 2019

description: DAI e-Jahresberichte, e-Jahresbericht 2018 des Deutschen Archäologischen Instituts
Prosodie im Sprachvergleich Deutsch-Italienisch. Praktische Relevanz und ausgewählte Problembereiche
Creators: name: Kaunzner, Ulrike
Publisher: name: Annali Online  Lettere - Ferrara
Year: 2012

description: Le interferenze prosodiche rappresentano una sfida particolare nella  didattica del tedesco come lingua straniera, a causa della loro  resistenza al miglioramento e della scarsa considerazione da parte degli  insegnanti e dei testi didattici. Molti di questi problemi sono legati a  differenze interne ai sistemi linguistici come le regole ritmiche, la  struttura dell'accento, i processi di focalizzazione e il profilo  intonativo-melodico. Nell'articolo viene descritta una serie di fenomeni  prosodici della lingua tedesca con particolare attenzione alle  differenze con l'italiano.
description: Annali Online  Lettere - Ferrara, IV 2 (2009)
Searching for a Companion Star of Tycho's Type Ia Supernova with Optical Spectroscopic Observations
Creators: name: Ihara, Yutaka
name: Ozaki, Jin
name: Doi, Mamoru
name: Shigeyama, Toshikazu
name: Kashikawa, Nobunari
name: Komiyama, Yutaka
name: Hattori, Takashi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report our first results of photometric and spectroscopic observations for Tycho's supernova remnant (SNR Tycho) to search for the companion star of a type Ia supernova (SN Ia). From photometric observations using Suprime-Cam on the Subaru Telescope, we have picked up stars brighter than 22 mag (in $V$-band) for spectroscopy, which are located within a circular region with the radius of 30" around the center of SNR Tycho. If the ejecta of young supernova remnants, such as SNR Tycho, have a sufficient amount of Fe I, we should be able to detect absorption lines at 3720 Åand 3860 Åassociated with transitions from the ground state of Fe I in the spectrum of the companion star. To identify the companion star of a SN Ia using these characteristic absorption lines of Fe I, we made optical low-resolution spectroscopy of their targets using FOCAS on the Subaru Telescope. In our spectroscopic observations, we obtained spectra of 17 stars in the SNR Tycho region and compare them with template stellar spectra. We detect significant absorption lines from two stars at 3720 Å. Since widths of their absorption lines are broad, it is likely that the detected absorptions are due to Fe I in the expanding ejecta of SNR Tycho. However, none of stars exhibits a clear red wing in the observed profiles of the absorption, though a star in the background of the SNR should show it. Hence, we suggest another interpretation that the detected absorption lines might be caused by the peculiarity of stars. A star named Tycho(E) has the absorption line at 3720 Åand its projected position is close to the center of SNR Tycho. Based on our observations, Tycho(E) is a new candidate as the companion star of Tycho's supernova.
description: 17 pages, 28 figures, accepted for publication in PASJ
Effect of frequency mismatched photons in quantum information processing
Creators: name: Metz, J.
name: Barrett, S. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Many promising schemes for quantum information processing (QIP) rely on few-photon interference effects. In these proposals, the photons are treated as being indistinguishable particles. However, single photon sources are typically subject to variation from device to device. Thus the photons emitted from different sources will not be perfectly identical, and there will be some variation in their frequencies. Here, we analyse the effect of this frequency mismatch on QIP schemes. As examples, we consider the distributed QIP protocol proposed by Barrett and Kok, and Hong-Ou-Mandel interference which lies at the heart of many linear optical schemes for quantum computing. In the distributed QIP protocol, we find that the fidelity of entangled qubit states depends crucially on the time resolution of single photon detectors. In particular, there is no reduction in the fidelity when an ideal detector model is assumed, while reduced fidelities may be encountered when using realistic detectors with a finite response time. We obtain similar results in the case of Hong-Ou-Mandel interference -- with perfect detectors, a modified version of quantum interference is seen, and the visibility of the interference pattern is reduced as the detector time resolution is reduced. Our findings indicate that problems due to frequency mismatch can be overcome, provided sufficiently fast detectors are available.
description: 14 pages, 8 figures. Comments welcome. v2: Minor changes. v3: Cleaned up 3 formatting errors
Hydrologic behaviour of some structurally organic soils
Creators: name: Bonsu, Mensah
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: This thesis describes the hydrologic behaviour of some organic soils of the Serpentine-Nicomekl area in the Lower Fraser Valley near Cloverdale in British Columbia, in relation to their structural degradation. An index was developed to characterize the structural stability of the organic soils based on relative hydraulic conductivity approach following dispersion. The study showed that the structural stability of the organic soils decreased with increasing ash content. It was suggested that structural stability ratings in organic soils could be established from a knowledge of their ash content. High bulk density and penetration resistance, low satiated hydraulic conductivity and field profile investigations confirmed the presence of a cultivation pan within the depth of cultivation. Ponding of water on these organic soils was attributed to the cultivation pan. On flooding eroded organic and mineral soil particles settled to form a surface seal of low infiltrability. The presence of trash disrupted a continuous formation of the surface seal. Structural degradation of the organic top soil due to cultivating the soil when it was not adequately trafficable or workable was responsible for the limited capacity of the organic top soil to release water. This effect was shown by relatively flat partial water retention curves. Recommendations are given as to how organic soils found in cold, wet climates could be managed in order to maintain good structural characteristics.
Regularization and finiteness of the Lorentzian LQG vertices
Creators: name: Engle, Jonathan
name: Pereira, Roberto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We give an explicit form for the Lorentzian vertices recently introduced for possibly defining the dynamics of loop quantum gravity. As a result of so doing, a natural regularization of the vertices is suggested. The regularized vertices are then proven to be finite. An interpretation of the regularization in terms of a gauge-fixing is also given.
description: 16 pages; Added an appendix presenting the gauge-fixing interpretation, added three references, and made some minor changes
title: e-Jahresbericht 2018 des DAI – Kommission für Alte Geschichte und Epigraphik
Creators: name: Institut, Deutsches Archäologisches
Publisher: name: Deutsches Archäologisches Institut
Year: 2019

description: DAI e-Jahresberichte, e-Jahresbericht 2018 des Deutschen Archäologischen Instituts
A comparison of the strong lensing properties of the Sersic and the NFW profiles
Creators: name: Elíasdóttir, Árdís
name: Möller, Ole
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the strong lensing properties of the Sersic profile as an alternative to the NFW profile, focusing on applications to lens modelling of clusters. Given an underlying Sersic dark matter profile, we study whether an NFW profile can provide an acceptable fit to strong lensing constraints in the form of single or multiple measured Einstein radii. We conclude that although an NFW profile that fits the lensing constraints can be found in many cases, the derived parameters may be biased. In particular, we find that for n~2, which corresponds to massive clusters, the mass at r_200 of the best fit NFW is overestimated (by a factor of ~2) and the concentration is very low (c~2). The differences are important enough to warrant the inclusion of Sersic profile for future analysis of strong lensing clusters.
description: 19 pages (single column format), 11 figures. Accepted for publication by JCAP
Analog pile-up circuit technique using a single capacitor for the readout of Skipper-CCD detectors
Creators: name: Haro, Miguel Sofo
name: Chavez, Claudio
name: Lipovetzky, Jose
name: Bessia, Fabricio Alcalde
name: Cancelo, Gustavo
name: Chierchie, Fernando
name: Estrada, Juan
name: Moroni, Guillermo Fernandez
name: Stefanazzi, Leandro
name: Tiffenberg, Javier
name: Uemura, Sho
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: With Skipper-CCD detectors it is possible to take multiple samples of the charge packet collected on each pixel. After averaging the samples, the noise can be extremely reduced allowing the exact counting of electrons per pixel. In this work we present an analog circuit that, with a minimum number of components, applies a double slope integration (DSI), and at the same time, it averages the multiple samples producing at its output the pixel value with sub-electron noise. For this prupose, we introduce the technique of using the DSI integrator capacitor to add the skipper samples. An experimental verification using discrete components is presented, together with an analysis of its noise sources and limitations. After averaging 400 samples it was possible reach a readout noise of 0.2\,$e^-_{RMS}/pix$, comparable to other available readout systems. Due to its simplicity and significant reduction of the sampling requirements, this circuit technique is of particular interest in particle experiments and cameras with a high density of Skipper-CCDs.
Deep inside low-mass stars
Creators: name: Charbonnel, Corinne
name: Talon, Suzanne
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Low-mass stars exhibit, at all stages of their evolution, the signatures of complex physical processes that require challenging modeling beyond standard stellar theory. In this review, we recall the most striking observational evidences that probe the interaction and interdependence of various transport processes of chemicals and angular momentum in these objects. We then focus on the impact of atomic diffusion, large scale mixing due to rotation, and internal gravity waves on stellar properties on the main sequence and slightly beyond.
description: Invited Review to be published in the proceedings of the IAU Symposium 252 "The Art of Modelling stars in the 21st Century" - Sanya - China - April 2008
Systematic study and uncertainty evaluation of $P,T$-odd molecular enhancement factors in BaF
Creators: name: Haase, Pi A. B.
name: Doeglas, Diewertje J.
name: Boeschoten, Alexander
name: Eliav, Ephraim
name: Iliaš, Miroslav
name: Aggarwal, Parul
name: Bethlem, Hendrick L.
name: Borschevsky, Anastasia
name: Esajas, Kevin
name: Hao, Yongliang
name: Hoekstra, Steven
name: Marshall, Virginia R.
name: Meijknecht, Thomas B.
name: Mooij, Maarten C.
name: Steinebach, Kees
name: Timmermans, Rob G. E.
name: Touwen, Anno
name: Ubachs, Wim
name: Willmann, Lorenz
name: Yin, Yanning
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A measurement of the magnitude of the electric dipole moment of the electron (eEDM) larger than that predicted by the Standard Model (SM) of particle physics is expected to have a huge impact on the search for physics beyond the SM. Polar diatomic molecules containing heavy elements experience enhanced sensitivity to parity ($P$) and time-reversal ($T$)-violating phenomena, such as the eEDM and the scalar-pseudoscalar (S-PS) interaction between the nucleons and the electrons, and are thus promising candidates for measurements. The NL-\textit{e}EDM collaboration is preparing an experiment to measure the eEDM and S-PS interaction in a slow beam of cold BaF molecules [Eur. Phys. J. D, 72, 197 (2018)]. Accurate knowledge of the electronic structure parameters, $W_d$ and $W_s$, connecting the eEDM and the S-PS interaction to the measurable energy shifts is crucial for the interpretation of these measurements. In this work we use the finite field relativistic coupled cluster approach to calculate the $W_d$ and $W_s$ parameters in the ground state of the BaF molecule. Special attention was paid to providing a reliable theoretical uncertainty estimate based on investigations of the basis set, electron correlation, relativistic effects and geometry. Our recommended values of the two parameters, including conservative uncertainty estimates, are 3.13 $\pm$ $0.12 \times 10^{24}\frac{\text{Hz}}{e\cdot \text{cm}}$ for $W_d$ and 8.29 $\pm$ 0.12 kHz for $W_s$.
Place of indigenous knowledge in the future of learning and sustainable development in Africa
Creators: name: Kalu, Chidi Onuoha
name: Mafe, Abigail Titilola
Publisher: name: AfLIA
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 461006
subject: Library studies

description: There is no sustainable development without indigenous people. Knowledge, as a matter of fact has become the major driving force of economic and social development all around the world, and indigenous knowledge is vital to the development of any nation. This paper looks at the place of indigenous knowledge in the future of learning and sustainable development in Africa. It is an opinion paper whereby various related literatures were consulted. The paper discusses the concept of main keywords, which are indigenous, indigenous people, indigenous knowledge and sustainable development. The objectives of this paper are to find out who indigenous people are and importance of indigenous knowledge. It tends to explain indigenous knowledge in relation to some sustainable development goals and how indigenous knowledge can be integrated into education system in Africa. The paper points out the relevance and challenges of indigenous knowledge for development. In the areas of relevance, the paper observes that indigenous knowledge has become a more effective and efficient agent of development through the use of indigenous contents to meet the needs of the community. Indigenous institutions, indigenous technology, and low-cost approaches can increase the efficiency of development programs because indigenous knowledge is a locally owned and managed resource. The paper concludes that if the communities’ members must be carried along in sustainable development, the issue of indigenous knowledge must be taken seriously and should be made a priority by all stakeholders involved.
Partial Order in the Normal Category Arising from Normal Bands
Creators: name: Preenu, C S
name: Rajan, A R
name: Zeenath, K S
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Category Theory (math.CT)
subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The notion of normal category was introduced by KSS Nambooripad in connection with the study of the structure of regular semigroups using cross connections\cite{nambooripad1994theory}. It is an abstraction of the category of principal left ideals of a regular semigroup. A normal band is a semigroup $B$ satisfying $a^2=a$ and $abca=acba$ for all $a,b,c \in B$. Since the normal bands are regular semigroups, the category $\mathcal{L}(B)$ of principal left ideals of a normal band $B$ is a normal category. One of the special properties of this category is that the morphism sets admit a partial order compatible with the composition of morphisms. In this article we derive several properties of this partial order and obtain a new characterization of this partial order.
Landau thermodynamic potential for BaTiO_3
Creators: name: Wang, Y. L.
name: Tagantsev, A. K.
name: Damjanovic, D.
name: Setter, N.
name: Yarmarkin, V. K.
name: Sokolov, A. I.
name: Lukyanchuk, I. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the paper, the description of the dielectric and ferroelectric properties of BaTiO_3 single crystals using Landau thermodynamic potential is addressed. Our results suggest that when using the sixth-power free energy expansion of the thermodynamic potential, remarkably different values of the fourth-power coefficient, β(the coefficient of P^4_i terms), are required to adequately reproduce the nonlinear dielectric behavior of the paraelectric phase and the electric field induced ferroelectric phase, respectively. In contrast, the eighth-power expansion with a common set of coefficients enables a good description for both phases at the same time. These features, together with the data available in literature, strongly attest to the necessity of the eighth-power terms in Landau thermodynamic potential of BaTiO_3. In addition, the fourth-power coefficients, βand ξ(the coefficient of P^2_i P^2_j terms), were evaluated from the nonlinear dielectric responses along [001], [011], and [111] orientations in the paraelectric phase. Appreciable temperature dependence was evidenced for both coefficients above T_C. Further analysis on the linear dielectric response of the single domain crystal in the tetragonal phase demonstrated that temperature dependent anharmonic coefficients are also necessary for an adequate description of the dielectric behavior in the ferroelectric phase. As a consequence, an eighth-power thermodynamic potential, with some of the anharmonic coefficients being temperature dependent, was proposed and compared with the existing potentials. In general, the potential proposed in this work exhibits a higher quality in reproducing the dielectric and ferroelectric properties of this prototypic ferroelectric substance.
description: 7 figures, 5 tables
Enchytraeus albidus Henle 1837, s. str.
Creators: name: Nagy, Hajnalka
name: Dózsa-Farkas, Klára
name: Felföldi, Tamás
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Annelida
Clitellata
Enchytraeida
Enchytraeidae
Enchytraeus
Enchytraeus albidus

description: Enchytraeus albidus Henle, 1837 s. str.
Figs 1F, 6, Tables 1–2
Material examined
HUNGARY • 16 specs; Budapest; ID 1300 to 1301, 1461 to 1462, slide 3012, 3013, 3016 to 3018, 3024, 3028, 3044 to 3048; ELTE.
Description of new material
We investigated a living population of E. albidus s. str. from the laboratory of Szent István University, Hungary, which was derived from the culture of ECT Oekotoxikologie GmbH, Flörsheim, Germany. From this culture the neotype of E. albidus has been selected (Erséus et al. 2019). In this way our morphological characters substantially agree with those described in Erséus et al. (2019).
MEASUREMENTS. Segment number 58–65, body length 15.5–20.8 mm, 850–900 μm wide at clitellum in vivo (700–980 μm, when fixed).
CHAETAE. In ventral bundles mostly 3–5 (Fig. 6A).
BRAIN. 125–165 μm long, 1.2–1.8 × as long as wide (fixed). PHARYNGEAL GLANDS. Variable, all converging or connected dorsally, or not converging (in Erséus et al. 2019: all converging).
COELOMOCYTES. 17–32 μm long, mostly oval or spindle-shaped, granulated (in Erséus et al. 2019: 10– 20 μm). In the coelomocytes mostly shining, hyaline, round or tetragonal corpuscles (diameter 9–15 μm) are also present, similar to E. adrianensis sp. nov.
CLITELLUM. Hyalocytes and granulocytes of clitellum irregularly arranged dorsally (Fig. 6B). Ventral surface of XII with a recess between lip-like folds (Fig. 6C–D, J).
NEPHRIDIA. Four pairs of nephridia preclitellarly (Fig. 6G).
SPERM FUNNELS. 700–820 μm long in vivo, 5–6 × as long as wide, the collar as wide as funnel body (Fig. 6H). Head of spermatozoa 30–60 μm long. Sperm duct ciliated (Fig. 6E–F), elongate, about the same width throughout (30–44 μm wide, with 9–16 μm thick wall), coiled, extending into XIV–XVII.
MALE COPULATORY ORGANS. Male glands multiple: one larger rounded primary bulb (65–80 μm, fixed) and numerous smaller glands (40–50 μm, fixed) (Fig. 6I).
SPERMATHECAE. Ectal duct of spermatheca 105–200 μm long, diameter of glands around duct 90–130 μm in vivo. Diverticulum of ampulla 180–237 μm long and 70–125 μm wide in vivo (Figs 1F, 6K–L).
For similarities and differences of the species of Enchytraeus studied by us, see Table 2.
Distribution and habitat
Laboratory culture. For additional references, including synonymies and further distributional data, see Erséus et al. (2019).
description: Published as part of Nagy, Hajnalka, Dózsa-Farkas, Klára & Felföldi, Tamás, 2023, New insights into the Enchytraeus albidus complex (Annelida, Enchytraeidae), with the description of three new species from seashores in Italy and Croatia, pp. 107-145 in European Journal of Taxonomy 870 on pages 22-24, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2023.870.2123, http://zenodo.org/record/7986633
Improved Cosmological Parameter Constraints from CMB and H(z) Data
Creators: name: Figueroa, Daniel G.
name: Verde, Licia
name: Jimenez, Raul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the cosmological degeneracy between the Hubble parameter H(z), the age of the universe and cosmological parameters describing simple variations from the minimal LCDM model. We show that independent determinations of the Hubble parameter H(z) such as those recently provided by Simon et al., Phys. Rev. D 71 (2005) 123001, combined with Cosmic Microwave Background data, can provide stringent constraints on possible deviations from the LCDM model. In particular we find that this data combination constrains at the 68% (95%) confidence level the following parameters: sum of the neutrino masses < 0.5 (1.0) eV, number of relativistic neutrino species N_rel = 4.1^{+0.4}_{-0.9} (^{+1.1}_{-1.5}), dark energy equation of state parameter w = -0.95 +- 0.17 (+- 0.32), and curvature Ω_k = 0.002 +- 0.006 (+- 0.014), in excellent agreement with dataset combinations involving Cosmic Microwave Background, Supernovae and Baryon Acoustic Oscillations. This offers a valuable consistency check for systematic errors.
description: 10 pages, 7 figures. Added references. Minor changes added to match accepted version in JCAP
Reinhold Vetter, Polens eigensinniger Held. Wie Lech Wałęsa die Kommunisten überlistete
Creators: name: Dietz, Hella
Publisher: name: Zeitschrift für Ostmitteleuropa-Forschung
Year: 2015

description: Zeitschrift für Ostmitteleuropa-Forschung, Bd. 64 Nr. 1 (2015)