cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Discovery of nostatin A, an azole-containing proteusin with prominent cytostatic and pro-apoptotic activity
Creators: name: Delawská, Kateřina
name: Koch, Lukas
name: Niedermeyer, Timo J. H.
name: [Und Viele Weitere]
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: 540

description: Ribosomally synthesized and post-translationally modified peptides (RiPPs) are intriguing compounds with potential pharmacological applications. While many RiPPs are known as antimicrobial agents, a limited number of RiPPs with anti-proliferative effects in cancer cells are available. Here we report the discovery of nostatin A (NosA), a highly modified RiPP belonging among nitrile hydratase-like leader peptide RiPPs (proteusins), isolated from a terrestrial cyanobacterium Nostoc sp. Its structure was established based on the core peptide sequence encoded in the biosynthetic gene cluster recovered from the producing strain and subsequent detailed nuclear magnetic resonance and high-resolution mass spectrometry analyses. NosA, composed of a 30 amino-acid peptide core, features a unique combination of moieties previously not reported in RiPPs: the simultaneous presence of oxazole/thiazole heterocycles, dehydrobutyrine/dehydroalanine residues, and a sactionine bond. NosA includes an isobutyl-modified proline residue, highly unusual in natural products. NosA inhibits proliferation of multiple cancer cell lines at low nanomolar concentration while showing no hemolysis. It induces cell cycle arrest in S-phase followed by mitochondrial apoptosis employing a mechanism different from known tubulin binding and DNA damaging compounds. NosA also inhibits Staphylococcus strains while it exhibits no effect in other tested bacteria or yeasts. Due to its novel structure and selective bioactivity, NosA represents an excellent candidate for combinatorial chemistry approaches leading to development of novel NosA-based lead compounds.
Anomalous scaling of passively advected magnetic field in the presence of strong anisotropy
Creators: name: Hnatich, M.
name: Honkonen, J.
name: Jurcisin, M.
name: Mazzino, A.
name: Sprinc, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Inertial-range scaling behavior of high-order (up to order N=51) structure functions of a passively advected vector field has been analyzed in the framework of the rapid-change model with strong small-scale anisotropy with the aid of the renormalization group and the operator-product expansion. It has been shown that in inertial range the leading terms of the structure functions are coordinate independent, but powerlike corrections appear with the same anomalous scaling exponents as for the passively advected scalar field. These exponents depend on anisotropy parameters in such a way that a specific hierarchy related to the degree of anisotropy is observed. Deviations from power-law behavior like oscillations or logarithmic behavior in the corrections to structure functions have not been found.
description: 15 pages, 18 figures
Temporal variability in native plant composition clouds impact of increasing non-native richness along elevational gradients in Tenerife
Creators: name: Buhaly, Meike
name: Ratier Backes, Amanda
name: Arévalo, José Ramón
name: Haider, Sylvia Simone Rebekka
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: 580

description: Introductions of non-native plant species and their rates of expansion into novel environments are rapidly climbing, and their impact on recipient community composition is currently not well documented. Under the influence of rapidly intensifying human activity, pathways such as roads support such range expansions, especially in vulnerable mountain regions. Using species composition and abundance data collected in disturbed and natural habitats along three mountain roads covering almost 2500 m in elevation, we investigate how non-native plant species impact temporal change in community composition and spatial community dissimilarity on the island of Tenerife over 14 years. We found that, within communities, the number of both native and non-native species increased over time in disturbed habitats, while non-native species richness decreased in natural habitats. While species composition of communities changed over time, this change was not greater with or without non-native species, though any signal of non-native species’ influence was likely lost due to the surprisingly high variability in the native community. In disturbed roadside habitats, turnover of species over time played a larger role in temporal change in community composition than changes in species’ abundances. Despite increases in richness and occurrences along the elevation gradient, non-native species did not spatially homogenize communities. Although impacts of non-native species on temporal changes in community dissimilarity were presently not found, increases in the number of non-native species and their occurrences illustrate the need for long-term monitoring of altitudinal spread in mountain plant communities, especially in anthropogenically disturbed habitats.
Probing Dark Matter with Disappearing Tracks at the LHC
Creators: name: Belyaev, Alexander
name: Prestel, Stefan
name: Rojas-Abbate, Felipe
name: Zurita, Jose
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Models where dark matter is a part of an electroweak multiplet feature charged particles with macroscopic lifetimes due to the charged-neutral mass split of the order of pion mass. At the Large Hadron Collider, the ATLAS and CMS experiments will identify these charged particles as disappearing tracks, since they decay into a massive invisible dark matter candidate and a very soft charged Standard-Model particle which fails to pass the reconstruction requirements. While ATLAS and CMS have focused on the supersymmetric versions of these scenarios, we have performed here the reinterpretation of the latest ATLAS disappearing track search for a suite of dark matter multiplets with different spins and electroweak quantum numbers. More concretely, we consider the cases of the inert Two Higgs Doublet model (i2HDM), of Minimal Fermion Dark Matter (MFDM) and of Vector Triplet Dark Matter (VTDM). Our procedure is validated by using the same wino and higgsino benchmark models employed by the ATLAS collaboration. We have found that with the disappearing track signature one can probe a vast portion of the parameter space, well beyond the reach of prompt missing energy searches (notably mono-jets). We provide tables with the upper-limits on the cross-section upper limits, and efficiencies in the lifetime - dark matter mass plane for all the models under consideration. Moreover we make the recasting code employed here publicly available, as part of the LLP Recasting Repository.
description: 34 pages, 8 figures, 10 tables
The benefits of acting locally: Reconstruction algorithms for sparse in levels signals with stable and robust recovery guarantees
Creators: name: Adcock, Ben
name: Brugiapaglia, Simone
name: King-Roskamp, Matthew
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The sparsity in levels model recently inspired a new generation of effective acquisition and reconstruction modalities for compressive imaging. Moreover, it naturally arises in various areas of signal processing such as parallel acquisition, radar, and the sparse corruptions problem. Reconstruction strategies for sparse in levels signals usually rely on a suitable convex optimization program. Notably, although iterative and greedy algorithms can outperform convex optimization in terms of computational efficiency and have been studied extensively in the case of standard sparsity, little is known about their generalizations to the sparse in levels setting. In this paper, we bridge this gap by showing new stable and robust uniform recovery guarantees for sparse in level variants of the iterative hard thresholding and the CoSaMP algorithms. Our theoretical analysis generalizes recovery guarantees currently available in the case of standard sparsity and favorably compare to sparse in levels guarantees for weighted $\ell^1$ minimization. In addition, we also propose and numerically test an extension of the orthogonal matching pursuit algorithm for sparse in levels signals.
Theoretical current-voltage characteristics of ferroelectric tunnel junctions
Creators: name: Kohlstedt, H.
name: Pertsev, N. A.
name: Contreras, J. Rodriguez
name: Waser, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the concept of ferroelectric tunnel junctions (FTJs). These junctions consist of two metal electrodes separated by a nanometer-thick ferroelectric barrier. The current-voltage characteristics of FTJs are analyzed under the assumption that the direct electron tunneling represents the dominant conduction mechanism. First, the influence of converse piezoelectric effect inherent in ferroelectric materials on the tunnel current is described. The calculations show that the lattice strains of piezoelectric origin modify the current-voltage relationship owing to strain-induced changes of the barrier thickness, electron effective mass, and position of the conduction-band edge. Remarkably, the conductance minimum becomes shifted from zero voltage due to the piezoelectric effect, and a strain-related resistive switching takes place after the polarization reversal in a ferroelectric barrier. Second, we analyze the influence of the internal electric field arising due to imperfect screening of polarization charges by electrons in metal electrodes. It is shown that, for asymmetric FTJs, this depolarizing-field effect also leads to a considerable change of the barrier resistance after the polarization reversal. However, the symmetry of the resulting current-voltage loop is different from that characteristic of the strain-related resistive switching. The crossover from one to another type of the hysteretic curve, which accompanies the increase of FTJ asymmetry, is described taking into account both the strain and depolarizing-field effects. It is noted that asymmetric FTJs with dissimilar top and bottom electrodes are preferable for the non-volatile memory applications because of a larger resistance on/off ratio.
description: 14 pages, 8 figures
Rubrospinal neurons after chronic cervical spinal cord injury
Creators: name: Kwon, Brian K.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Many experimental therapies have been developed that appear to have encouraging therapeutic potential in animal models of acute spinal cord injury. It has become increasingly evident however, that their effectiveness is reduced when applied chronically after the injury. This loss of effectiveness over time is an issue of obvious and critical relevance for the many individuals with chronic spinal cord injury. Thus, the overall objective of this thesis was to evaluate some of the challenges that impede axonal regeneration in a chronic spinal cord injury setting, and develop therapeutic strategies for this condition. My hypothesis was that that axonal regeneration can be achieved by chronically injured CNS neurons with the appropriate administration of neurotrophic factors The findings can be summarized as follows: Two months after cervical axotomy, rubrospinal neurons undergo significant atrophy and exhibit limited expression of GAP-43 and Tα1 tubulin, genes thought to be important for axonal regeneration. They appear to maintain full length TrkB receptors on their cell bodies, and while their uninjured axons within the cervical spinal cord also contain TrkB receptors, the injured axons at the level of the spinal cord axotomy do not. Consistent with this, BDNF applied to the spinal cord injury site at three exponentially increasing concentrations did not reverse rubrospinal cell atrophy, did not stimulate GAP-43 and Tα1 tubulin expression, and did not promote axonal regeneration of rubrospinal axons into the permissive environment of a peripheral nerve transplant. At 12 months after cervical axotomy, a stereologic evaluation of rubrospinal neurons demonstrates that rubrospinal neurons are in fact alive, but very atrophic. Similar to the findings at 2 months post-injury, the rubrospinal neurons 12 months post-injury display limited expression of GAP-43 and Tα1 tubulin but do maintain full length TrkB receptors on their cell bodies. At this chronic time point, the administration of BDNF to the injured cell bodies reversed neuronal atrophy, stimulated GAP-43 and Tα1 tubuin expression, and promoted axonal regeneration into peripheral nerve transplants. These findings suggest that axonal regeneration is possible in the chronic spinal cord injury setting, but that the administration of neurotrophic factors to promote this growth response must be targetted appropriately. It is hoped that further study in the obstacles that impede axonal regeneration after chronic spinal cord injury will give rise to therapies for this devastating condition.
Policy bias and agriculture: partial and general equilibrium measures
Creators: name: Bautista, Romeo M.
name: Robinson, Sherman
name: Tarp, Finn
name: Wobst, Peter
name: Bautista, Romeo M.
name: Robinson, Sherman
name: Tarp, Finn
name: Wobst, Peter
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Terms of trade
subject: Equilibrium (Economics) -- Mathematical models
subject: Tanzania
subject: Computable general equilibrium (CGE)
subject: Agricultural trade

description: The paper examines the impact of industrial protection, agricultural export taxes, and overvaluation of the exchange rate on the balance between the agricultural and non-agricultural sectors. A variety of agricultural terms-of-trade indices are constructed to measure the policy bias against agriculture in a general equilibrium framework that incorporates traded and non-traded goods. These general equilibrium measures are compared to earlier work in a partial equilibrium framework assuming perfect substitutability between domestic and traded goods. Starting from a stylized computable general equilibrium (CGE) model of Tanzania, we simulate a 25 percent tariff on non-agriculture and a 25 percent export tax on agriculture. We also consider the impact of changes in the equilibrium exchange rate. The results indicate that the partial equilibrium measures miss much of the action operating through indirect product and factor market linkages, while overstating the strength of the linkages between changes in the exchange rate and prices of traded goods on the agricultural terms of trade.
description: "May 1998." "Macro Economic Reforms and Regional Integration in Southern Africa." Includes bibliographical references (p. 23-25). Published as Bautista, Romeo M., Robinson, Sherman, Tarp, Finn, and Wobst, Peter. 2001. Policy bias and agriculture: partial and general equilibrium measures. Review of Development Economics 5(1): 89-104.
Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Applied Innovations in IT
Creators: name: Karpov, Kirill
name: Iuschenko, Maksim
name: Mareev, Nikolai
name: Et Al.
Publisher: name: Bibliothek, Hochschule Anhalt
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: DDC::600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::620 Ingenieurwissenschaften
subject: DDC::000 Informatik, Informationswissenschaft, allgemeine Werke

description: This volume contains publications of the International Conference on Applied Innova-tions in IT (ICAIIT), which took place in Koethen March 10th 2020. The conference is devoted to problems of applied research in the fields of automation and communication technologies. The research results can be of interest for researchers and development engineers, who deal with theoretical base and the application of the knowledge in the respective areas.
Theory for quarkonium: from NRQCD factorization to soft gluon factorization
Creators: name: Chen, An-Ping
name: Ma, Yan-Qing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate that the recently proposed soft gluon factorization (SGF) is equivalent to the nonrelativistic QCD (NRQCD) factorization for heavy quarkonium production or decay, which means that for any given process these two factorization theories are either both valid or both violated. We use two methods to achieve this conclusion. In the first method, we apply the two factorization theories to the physical process $J/ψ\to e^+e^-$. Our explicit calculation shows that both SGF and NRQCD can correctly reproduce low energy physics of full QCD, and thus the two factorizations are equivalent. In the second method, by using equations of motion we successfully deduce SGF from NRQCD effective field theory. By identifying SGF with NRQCD factorization, we establish relations between the two factorization theories and prove the generalized Gremm-Kapustin relations as a by product. Comparing with the NRQCD factorization, the advantage of SGF is that it resums the series of relativistic corrections originated from kinematic effects to all powers, which gives rise to a better convergence in relativistic expansion.
description: 15 pages, 1 figure
Localizable Entanglement
Creators: name: Popp, M.
name: Verstraete, F.
name: Martin-Delgado, M. A.
name: Cirac, J. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider systems of interacting spins and study the entanglement that can be localized, on average, between two separated spins by performing local measurements on the remaining spins. This concept of Localizable Entanglement (LE) leads naturally to notions like entanglement length and entanglement fluctuations. For both spin-1/2 and spin-1 systems we prove that the LE of a pure quantum state can be lower bounded by connected correlation functions. We further propose a scheme, based on matrix-product states and the Monte Carlo method, to efficiently calculate the LE for quantum states of a large number of spins. The virtues of LE are illustrated for various spin models. In particular, characteristic features of a quantum phase transition such as a diverging entanglement length can be observed. We also give examples for pure quantum states exhibiting a diverging entanglement length but finite correlation length. We have numerical evidence that the ground state of the antiferromagnetic spin-1 Heisenberg chain can serve as a perfect quantum channel. Furthermore, we apply the numerical method to mixed states and study the entanglement as a function of temperature.
description: 19 pages, modified definition of connected string order parameter, updated references
Nutrition and health claims – call for and justification of governmental intervention from the consumers’ perspective
Creators: name: Hartmann, Monika
name: Lensch, Anne Katrin
name: Simons, Johannes
name: Thrams, Sylvia
name: Hartmann, Monika
name: Lensch, Anne Katrin
name: Simons, Johannes
name: Thrams, Sylvia
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: nutrition and health claims
subject: consumer deception
subject: information economics
subject: market transparency
subject: consumer protection policy

description: In December 2006 the Regulation (EC) No. 1924/2006 on the use of nutrition and health claims (NHCs) on foods was enacted in order to prevent consumer deception and to harmonise law within the EU. Against this background, this paper analyses the potential costs and benefits linked with NHCs and the necessity for governmental intervention to regulate NHCs within a theoretical and empirical framework. The theoretical investigation shows that NHCs can induce direct economic effects as well as spillover effects in the market of information. Whether those effects are beneficial or adverse depends on the truthfulness of the NHCs, and consumers’ perception and processing of such claims. As self regulatory forces of the market might not be sufficient to prevent market failure due to fraudulent claims, governmental intervention seems necessary. An analysis of the EU Regulation on NHCs reveals that this law focuses on preventing the authorisation of false or misleading claims. It is less concerned with not authorising a true and correctly understood claim. The results of the empirical analysis which is based on a standardized consumer survey reveal that the stated impact of NHCs on product perception considerably differs among consumers. While e.g. some consumers feel misled by NHCs on products with a negative nutrient profile such as candies, others point out that such claims have no impact on their product perception or even help them to make better choices. The results also indicate that the great majority of consumers is opposed to a ban of NHCs on products with a negative nutrient profile such as candies and salt.
Evolution of the specific-heat anomaly of the high-temperature superconductor YBa2Cu3O7 under influence of doping through application of pressure up to 10 GPa
Creators: name: Lortz, Rolf
name: Junod, Alain
name: Jaccard, Didier
name: Wang, Yuxing
name: Meingast, Christoph
name: Masui, Takahiko
name: Tajima, Setsuko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The evolution of the specific-heat anomaly in the overdoped range of a single crystal of the high-temperature superconductor YBa2Cu3O7 has been studied under influence of pressure up to 10 GPa, using AC calorimetry in a Bridgman-type pressure cell. We show that the specific-heat jump as well as the bulk Tc are reduced with increasing pressure in accordance with a simple charge-transfer model. This new method enables us through pressure-induced charge transfer to study the doping dependence of the superconducting transition, as well as the evolution of the superconducting condensation energy on a single stoichometric sample without adding atomic disorder.
description: final version: J. Phys.: Condens. Matter 17 (2005) 4135-4145
Additional file 2 of Combinations of physical activity, sedentary time, and sleep duration and their associations with depressive symptoms and other mental health problems in children and adolescents: a systematic review
Creators: name: Sampasa-Kanyinga, Hugues
name: Colman, Ian
name: Goldfield, Gary S.
name: Janssen, Ian
name: Wang, JianLi
name: Podinic, Irina
name: Tremblay, Mark S.
name: Saunders, Travis J.
name: Sampson, Margaret
name: Jean-Philippe Chaput
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 2.
Estimating Income Mobility in Colombia Using Maximum Entropy Econometrics
Creators: name: Morley, Samuel A.
name: Robinson, Sherman
name: Harris, Rebecca Lee
name: Morley, Samuel A.
name: Robinson, Sherman
name: Harris, Rebecca Lee
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Labor and Human Capital
subject: Income distribution
subject: Econometric models
subject: Colombia
subject: Maximum entropy econometrics
subject: income mobility

description: Income mobility can be viewed as a first-order Markov process, with a matrix of transition probabilities which measure how individuals move from an income status in time t to a new status in time t+1. Direct estimation of transition matrices is difficult, since time series panel data are unavailable and limited data on the distribution of income do not suffice to determine the coefficients mathematically, let alone provide enough degrees of freedom for estimation. In this paper, we show that maximum entropy econometrics offers a feasible way to estimate transition matrices using distributional data from Colombia. Using a cross-entropy estimation method, we make efficient use of prior information about the structure of the transition matrices and how they vary with age. The approach is very flexible, allowing the use of “information” in a variety of forms such as inequality constraints, errors in measurement, and prior estimates. Under weak assumptions about the error generation process, we can derive test statistics based on the likelihood ratio measuring the significance of the estimation. The model fits the data well in that the predicted and actual distributions for period t+1 are close. The results show that there is a large degree of upward mobility in Colombia, especially at the bottom of the income distribution and for the younger age cohorts.
description: Caption title. "May 1998." Includes bibliographical references (p. 19).
Controlling exciton many-body states by the electric-field effect in monolayer MoS$_2$
Creators: name: Klein, Julian
name: Hötger, Alexander
name: Florian, Matthias
name: Steinhoff, Alexander
name: Delhomme, Alex
name: Taniguchi, Takashi
name: Watanabe, Kenji
name: Jahnke, Frank
name: Holleitner, Alexander W.
name: Potemski, Marek
name: Faugeras, Clément
name: Finley, Jonathan J.
name: Stier, Andreas V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report magneto-optical spectroscopy of gated monolayer MoS$_2$ in high magnetic fields up to 28T and obtain new insights on the many-body interaction of neutral and charged excitons with the resident charges of distinct spin and valley texture. For neutral excitons at low electron doping, we observe a nonlinear valley Zeeman shift due to dipolar spin-interactions that depends sensitively on the local carrier concentration. As the Fermi energy increases to dominate over the other relevant energy scales in the system, the magneto-optical response depends on the occupation of the fully spin-polarized Landau levels in both $K/K^{\prime}$ valleys. This manifests itself in a many-body state. Our experiments demonstrate that the exciton in monolayer semiconductors is only a single particle boson close to charge neutrality. We find that away from charge neutrality it smoothly transitions into polaronic states with a distinct spin-valley flavour that is defined by the Landau level quantized spin and valley texture.
description: Main manuscript: 7 pages, 4 figures ; Supplemental material: 20 pages, 8 figures
Rice Policy, Trade, and Exchange Rate Changes in Indonesia: A General Equilibrium Analysis
Creators: name: Robinson, Sherman
name: El-Said, Moataz
name: San, Nu Nu
name: Robinson, Sherman
name: El-Said, Moataz
name: San, Nu Nu
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Econometric models
subject: Rice -- Indonesia -- Marketing
subject: Trade policy -- Econometric models
subject: Price maintenance -- Asia
subject: Computable general equilibrium (CGE)

description: This paper presents an agriculture-focused computable general equilibrium model that can be used to analyze the economy-wide impacts of changes in technology, market structure, and the foreign exchange rate on resource allocation, production, and trade in Indonesia. The model includes a specification of the rice market and the government price-support, stocking, and trade policies for rice. Using a mixed complementarity approach, the model incorporates inequalities and changes in policy regime as prices and/or stocks move within specified bands. The model is used to examine the impact on the Indonesian economy of changes in rice yield and exchange rates given different assumptions about the operations of BULOG (National Logistic Agency). An important result is that there is inefficient allocation of resources within agriculture and the rest of the economy if BULOG operates to maintain the rice price when there are significant increases in rice productivity or changes in the exchange rate. With increased productivity in rice, the price support scheme retains resources in rice production that would be better used in other, high value, agriculture. With devaluation, maintaining a low rice price discriminates against rice producers and hence slows the process of structural adjustment. In addition, the price support program is costly and strains the government accounts, even if the administrative costs of operating the program are ignored.
description: "June 1998." Includes bibliographical references (leaf 11). Published as Robinson, Sherman; El-Said, Moataz; San, Nu Nu. 1998. Rice policy, trade, and exchange rate changes in Indonesia: a general equilibrium analysis. Journal of Asian Economics 9(3): 393-424.
Imaginary chemical potential quantum Monte Carlo for Hubbard molecules
Creators: name: Lin, Fei
name: Smakov, Jurij
name: Sorensen, Erik S.
name: Kallin, Catherine
name: Berlinsky, A. John
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We generalize the imaginary chemical potential quantum Monte Carlo (QMC) method proposed by Dagotto et al. [Phys. Rev. B 41, R811 (1990)] to systems without particle-hole symmetry. The generalized method is tested by comparing the results of the QMC simulations and exact diagonalization on small Hubbard molecules, such as tetrahedron and truncated tetrahedron. Results of the application of the method to the C$_{60}$ Hubbard molecule are discussed.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures, RevTeX4
An empirical examination of the gains in cost-effectiveness from the use of multiple environmental outcome conservation tenders
Creators: name: Edwards, Claire
name: Eigenraam, Mark
name: Edwards, Claire
name: Eigenraam, Mark
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: Environmental Economics and Policy

description: The production and consumption of environmental goods and services are subject to many of the problems associated with public goods. Due to their non-rival and non-excludable nature, incentives for individuals to invest in their production are often absent. To address this market failure, government agencies have used a number of policy mechanisms to procure the supply of environmental outcomes on behalf of society. Recently, conservation tenders focussing on private land have been a favoured policy instrument used by many government agencies to purchase environmental outcomes in the public interest. The majority of these environmental tenders have focussed on a single environmental outcome. It is contended in this paper that multiple environmental outcomes tenders can be more cost-effective than single outcome tenders as decisions are based on information regarding a wider set of environmental outcomes – a more complete picture. Tenders that focus on more than one outcome capitalise on economies of scope in the production of environmental outcomes, as well as incorporating synergies and trade-offs into decision making. In this paper the results from a synthetic analysis of the benefits derived from running multiple-outcome tenders are compared to single outcome tenders, to empirically estimate potential cost-effectiveness gains. The baseline policy of running a multiple-outcome tender is compared to three alternative policy options: running a single outcome tender, running three single outcome tenders simultaneously, and running three single outcome tenders consecutively. Results indicate that significant cost effectiveness gains can be made by running a multiple-outcome tender compared to the three policy alternatives. These results are analysed, and advantages and limitations of applying multiple-outcome tenders in the field are discussed.
Emergent ergodicity at the transition between many-body localized phases
Creators: name: Sahay, Rahul
name: Machado, Francisco
name: Ye, Bingtian
name: Laumann, Chris R.
name: Yao, Norman Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Strongly disordered systems in the many-body localized (MBL) phase can exhibit ground state order in highly excited eigenstates. The interplay between localization, symmetry, and topology has led to the characterization of a broad landscape of MBL phases ranging from spin glasses and time crystals to symmetry protected topological phases. Understanding the nature of phase transitions between these different forms of eigenstate order remains an essential open question. Here, we conjecture that no direct transition between distinct MBL orders can occur; rather, a thermal phase always intervenes. Motivated by recent advances in Rydberg-atom-based quantum simulation, we propose an experimental protocol where the intervening thermal phase can be diagnosed via the dynamics of local observables.
description: 7 + 13 pages; 4 + 15 figures
Additional file 1 of Combinations of physical activity, sedentary time, and sleep duration and their associations with depressive symptoms and other mental health problems in children and adolescents: a systematic review
Creators: name: Sampasa-Kanyinga, Hugues
name: Colman, Ian
name: Goldfield, Gary S.
name: Janssen, Ian
name: Wang, JianLi
name: Podinic, Irina
name: Tremblay, Mark S.
name: Saunders, Travis J.
name: Sampson, Margaret
name: Jean-Philippe Chaput
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1: Database Search Strategy (MEDLINE, Embase, PsycINFO).
Estimation of the Recreational Use Value Gained from Recreational Fishing of Southern Bluefin Tuna at Portland, Australia
Creators: name: Ezzy, Edward
name: Scarborough, Helen
name: Ezzy, Edward
name: Scarborough, Helen
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: Travel cost method
subject: recreational fishing
subject: southern bluefin tuna

description: Southern bluefin tuna (Thunnus Maccoyii) is a global resource which is critically endangered. The Committee for the Conservation of Southern Bluefin Tuna (CCSBT) sets commercial quota levels for member nations, including Australia, each year. However, southern bluefin tuna is also a popular “trophy” fish with recreational anglers and the size of the total recreational catch in Australia is unknown but thought to be significant. This study focuses on the recreational southern bluefin tuna catch at Portland, in southwest Victoria and is based on data collected during the 2010 fishing season. The results indicate that the size of the recreational catch at Portland is significant in terms of the management of the fishery. A travel cost study was undertaken to estimate the recreational value of the fishery. The on-site recreational use value (consumer surplus) per person per visit is estimated to be between $33 and $132 and the on-site annual recreational use value of the fishery for this one season is estimated to be between $449,533 and $1,325,124.
Postural control adaptation and habituation during vibratory proprioceptive stimulation: an HD-EEG investigation of cortical recruitment and kinematics
Creators: name: Barollo, Fabio
name: Friðriksdóttir, Rún
name: Edmunds, Kyle J.
name: Karlsson, Gunnar H.
name: Svansson, Halldór Á.
name: Hassan, Mahmoud
name: Fratini, Antonio
name: Petersen, Hannes
name: Gargiulo, Paolo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: The objective of the present work is to measure postural kinematics and power spectral variation from HD-EEG to assess changes in cortical activity during adaptation and habituation to postural perturbation. To evoke proprioceptive postural perturbation, vibratory stimulation at 85 Hz was applied to the calf muscles of 33 subjects over four 75-second stimulation periods. Stimulation was performed according to a pseudorandom binary sequence. Vibratory impulses were synchronized to high-density electroencephalography (HD-EEG, 256 channels). Changes in absolute spectral power (ASP) were analyzed over four frequency bands (Delta: 0.5-3.5 Hz; theta: 3.5-7.5 Hz; alpha: 7.5-12.5 Hz; beta:12.5-30 Hz). A force platform recorded torque actuated by the feet, and normalized sway path length (SPL) was computed as a construct for postural performance during each period. SPL values indicated improvement in postural performance over the trial periods. Significant variation in absolute power values (ASP) was found in assessing postural adaptation: an increase in theta band ASP in the frontal-central region for closed-eyes trials, an increase in theta and beta band ASP in the parietal region for open-eyes trials. In habituation, no significant variations in ASP were observed during closed-eyes trials, whereas an increase in theta, alpha, and beta band ASP was observed with open eyes. Furthermore, open-eyed trials generally yielded a greater number of significant ASP differences across all bands during both adaptation and habituation, suggesting that following cortical activity during postural perturbation may be up-regulated with the availability of visual feedback. Results provide deeper insight into pathological postural control failure by exploring the dynamic changes in both cortical activity and postural kinematics during adaptation and habituation to proprioceptive postural perturbation.
description: 6 figures
Key summary of German national guideline for adult patients with nosocomial pneumonia- update 2024 funding number at the federal joint committee (G-BA) : 01VSF22007
Creators: name: Rademacher, Jessica
name: Ewig, Santiago
name: Grabein, Beatrice
name: Nachtigall, Irit
name: Abele-Horn, Marianne
name: Unverzagt, Susanne
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: 610

description: Purpose: This executive summary of a German national guideline aims to provide the most relevant evidence-based recommendations on the diagnosis and treatment of nosocomial pneumonia. Methods: The guideline made use of a systematic assessment and decision process using evidence to decision framework (GRADE). Recommendations were consented by an interdisciplinary panel. Evidence analysis and interpretation was supported by the German innovation fund providing extensive literature searches and (meta-) analyses by an independent methodologist. For this executive summary, selected key recommendations are presented including the quality of evidence and rationale for the level of recommendation. Results: The original guideline contains 26 recommendations for the diagnosis and treatment of adults with nosocomial pneumonia, thirteen of which are based on systematic review and/or meta-analysis, while the other 13 represent consensus expert opinion. For this key summary, we present 11 most relevant for everyday clinical practice key recommendations with evidence overview and rationale, of which two are expert consensus and 9 evidence-based (4 strong, 5 weak and 2 open recommendations). For the management of nosocomial pneumonia patients should be divided in those with and without risk factors for multidrug-resistant pathogens and/or Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Bacterial multiplex-polymerase chain reaction (PCR) should not be used routinely. Bronchoscopic diagnosis is not considered superior to´non-bronchoscopic sampling in terms of main outcomes. Only patients with septic shock and the presence of an additional risk factor for multidrug-resistant pathogens (MDRP) should receive empiric combination therapy. In clinically stabilized patients, antibiotic therapy should be de-escalated and focused. In critically ill patients, prolonged application of suitable beta-lactam antibiotics should be preferred. Therapy duration is suggested for 7–8 days. Procalcitonin (PCT) based algorithm might be used to shorten the duration of antibiotic treatment. Patients on the intensive care unit (ICU) are at risk for invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (IPA). Diagnostics for Aspergillus should be performed with an antigen test from bronchial lavage fluid. Conclusion: The current guideline focuses on German epidemiology and standards of care. It should be a guide for the current treatment and management of nosocomial pneumonia in Germany.
Water sharing for the environment and agriculture in the Broken catchment
Creators: name: Farquharson, Robert J.
name: Ramilan, Thiagarajah
name: Stewardson, Michael
name: Beverly, Craig
name: Vietz, Geoff
name: George, Brendan
name: Dassanyake, K.
name: Sammonds, M.
name: Farquharson, Robert J.
name: Ramilan, Thiagarajah
name: Stewardson, Michael
name: Beverly, Craig
name: Vietz, Geoff
name: George, Brendan
name: Dassanyake, K.
name: Sammonds, M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: Water sharing
subject: environment
subject: agriculture
subject: Murray-Darling Basin
subject: Broken catchment

description: The Commonwealth of Australia Water Act 2007 changed the priority for water use in the Murray-Darling Basin (MDB) to first ensure environmentally sustainable levels of extraction and then to maximise net economic returns to the community from water use. The Murray- Darling Basin Authority (MDBA) is expected to deliver a draft Basin Plan in 2011 providing a framework for future water planning. The Plan will include Sustainable Diversion Limits (SDLs) which define water diversions for consumption while maintaining environmental assets and ecosystem functions. The 2009 MDBA Concept Statement acknowledged that in some areas less information is available to determine the SDLs. The 2010 MDBA Guide to the Basin Plan proposed SDLs reducing the current long-term average surface water diversions to between 25 and 34% for the Goulburn-Broken region. Representative farm-level models of irrigated dairy, horticulture and viticulture, and dryland broadacre, industries were developed to determine the likely impacts on farm income and farm enterprise mix if the price and quantity of irrigation water changes. Water for ecological benefits and ecosystem functioning was determined for a range of river health levels using a bottom-up approach identifying flow requirements for fish, riparian vegetation, invertebrates, and geomorphic and nutrient processes. A novel part of the analysis is the conjunctive use of water for both purposes, e.g. wetland filling and then pumping for irrigation. The linkages between changed land use and surface/ground water outcomes are assessed using a Catchment Analysis Tool. An experimental design of different proportions of water going to the environment and consumptive uses showed potential trade-offs between agricultural, environmental and surface/ground water outcomes. These trade-offs were examined to assess the impact of alternative water management on catchment welfare, and provide information about setting SDLs.
Experimental determination of the evolution of the Bjorken integral at low Q^2
Creators: name: Deur, A.
name: Bosted, P.
name: Burkert, V.
name: Cates, G.
name: Chen, J. -P.
name: Choi, Seonho
name: Crabb, D.
name: de Jager, C. W.
name: De Vita, R.
name: Dodge, G. E.
name: Fatemi, R.
name: Forest, T. A.
name: Garibaldi, F.
name: Gilman, R.
name: Hughes, E. W.
name: Jiang, X.
name: Korsch, W.
name: Kuhn, S. E.
name: Melnitchouk, W.
name: Meziani, Z. -E.
name: Minehart, R.
name: Skabelin, A. V.
name: Slifer, K.
name: Taiuti, M.
name: Yun, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We extract the Bjorken integral Gamma^{p-n}_1 in the range 0.17 < Q^2 < 1.10 GeV^2 from inclusive scattering of polarized electrons by polarized protons, deuterons and 3He, for the region in which the integral is dominated by nucleon resonances. These data bridge the domains of the hadronic and partonic descriptions of the nucleon. In combination with earlier measurements at higher Q^2, we extract the non-singlet twist-4 matrix element f_2.
description: Quoted world data updated. Minor change in some results, Minor rephrasing
Quasars as standard candles III. Validation of a new sample for cosmological studies
Creators: name: Lusso, E.
name: Risaliti, G.
name: Nardini, E.
name: Bargiacchi, G.
name: Benetti, M.
name: Bisogni, S.
name: Capozziello, S.
name: Civano, F.
name: Eggleston, L.
name: Elvis, M.
name: Fabbiano, G.
name: Gilli, R.
name: Marconi, A.
name: Paolillo, M.
name: Piedipalumbo, E.
name: Salvestrini, F.
name: Signorini, M.
name: Vignali, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a new catalogue of ~2,400 optically selected quasars with spectroscopic redshifts and X-ray observations from either Chandra or XMM-Newton. The sample can be used to investigate the non-linear relation between the UV and X-ray luminosity of quasars, and to build a Hubble diagram up to redshift z~7.5. We selected sources that are neither reddened by dust in the optical/UV nor obscured by gas in the X-rays, and whose X-ray fluxes are free from flux-limit related biases. After checking for any possible systematics, we confirm, in agreement with our previous works, that (i) the X-ray to UV relation provides distance estimates matching those from supernovae up to z~1.5, and (ii) its slope shows no redshift evolution up to z~5. We provide a full description of the methodology for testing cosmological models, further supporting a trend whereby the Hubble diagram of quasars is well reproduced by the standard flat $Λ$CDM model up to z~1.5-2, but strong deviations emerge at higher redshifts. Since we have minimized all non-negligible systematic effects, and proven the stability of the $L_{\rm X}-L_{\rm UV}$ relation at high redshifts, we conclude that an evolution of the expansion rate of the Universe should be considered as a possible explanation for the observed deviation, rather than some systematic (redshift-dependent) effect associated with high-redshift quasars.
description: 24 pages, 17 figures, accepted for publication in A&A
Additional file 1 of Radiotherapy in the treatment of aggressive fibromatosis: experience from a single institution
Creators: name: K. Seidensaal
name: Harrabi, S. B.
name: F. Weykamp
name: K. Herfarth
name: T. Welzel
name: G. Mechtersheimer
name: B. Lehner
name: M. Schneider
name: S. Fröhling
name: G. Egerer
name: J. Debus
name: M. Uhl
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Additional file 1.