cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
MOESM12 of gRNA validation for wheat genome editing with the CRISPR-Cas9 system
Creators: name: Taj Arndell
name: Niharika Sharma
name: Langridge, Peter
name: Baumann, Ute
name: Watson-Haigh, Nathan
name: Whitford, Ryan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 12 TIDE indel spectra/frequencies for gRNAs 1â 7 targeting EPSPS in wheat protoplasts. Shown are results for forward and reverse Sanger sequence reads of homoeoallele-specific amplicons derived from chromosomes 7AS, 4AL, and 7DS. Three replicates were performed.
Time crystallinity in open quantum systems
Creators: name: Riera-Campeny, Andreu
name: Moreno-Cardoner, Maria
name: Sanpera, Anna
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Time crystals are genuinely non-equilibrium quantum phases of matter that break time-translational symmetry. While in non-equilibrium closed systems time crystals have been experimentally realized, it remains an open question whether or not such a phase survives when systems are coupled to an environment. Although dissipation caused by the coupling to a bath may stabilize time crystals in some regimes, the introduction of incoherent noise may also destroy the time crystalline order. Therefore, the mechanisms that stabilize a time crystal in open and closed systems are not necessarily the same. Here, we propose a way to identify an open system time crystal based on a single object: the Floquet propagator. Armed with such a description we show time-crystalline behavior in an explicitly short-range interacting open system and demonstrate the crucial role of the nature of the decay processes.
Agricultural Productivity Growth in Indonesia
Creators: name: Ahmad, Ismet
name: Langham, Max R.
name: Ahmad, Ismet
name: Langham, Max R.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1983
Subjects: Agribusiness
International Development

description: Growth rates of productivity have often been measured by using average value added by specified inputs (e.g., see David and Barker; and Ban). Also, a production function often has also been used to estimate input weights necessary in aggregation (e.g., see Griliches; and Hertford). This average productivity approach is quite demanding in terms of data. The concept of value added in a restricted profit function, proposed by Bruno, provides an alternative for measuring and analyzing productivity growth. Lesser data requirements make this approach particularly appropriate in developing countries.
Giant planets around young active stars
Creators: name: Heitzmann, Alexis
name: Marsden, Stephen
name: Petit, Pascal
name: Mengel, Matthew
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: exoplanets, young sztars, gaussian process, Doppler Imaging, stellar activity

description: Although our understanding of how planetary systems come to exist has drastically improved over the last two decades, there is still plenty of research to be made around the formation and evolution of massive, short-orbit exoplanets e.g. hot Jupiters, warm Neptunes. Do they form in-situ or far from their host star and later experience migration? By constraining the occurrence rates of these types of planets in every stage of a star’s life, we can better understand their fate and hope to favour one formation/evolution mechanism over another. In this context, it is crucial to estimate the population of these weird planets around young stars. Unfortunately, probing young stars is notoriously difficult due to their strong magnetic activity (or ‘jitter’) inducing spurious radial velocity (RV) signals that often mask the planet(s) RV signature(s) used to detect them. In this work, we used two distinct activity-filtering techniques (Doppler imaging and Gaussian process) and attempted to recover simulated planetary signatures injected behind real stellar RV data exhibiting large jitter. This serves as a proof of concept to find Hot Jupiters in existing legacy datasets.
The Examination of Protective Factors between Corporal Punishment and Adolescent Aggression
Creators: name: Neaverson, Aimee Elizabeth
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2018
Subjects: Protective factors
Teacher-child relationship
Self-control
Corporal punishment
Adolescent aggression
longitudinal design

description: Objectives The development of aggression from childhood to adulthood is well-researched, and extant work has identified a large number of developmental risk factors within the individual, family, and social domains. Among them, poor parenting, including harsh practices like corporal punishment, have repeatedly been found to predict adolescent behavioural problems, that may then negatively affect adult behaviours such as violence and offending. An area of research that is becoming increasingly important is one that seeks to identify the reasons why some people do not become aggressive, even when they have been exposed to well established risk factors. What is it that has protected them from becoming aggressive later in life? The current study examined whether self-control and having a positive teacher-child relationship acted as protective factors between corporal punishment and adolescent aggression. Methods An autoregressive cross-lagged panel model was used to examine self-control and teacher-child relationships as both direct and interactive protective factors between corporal punishment and adolescent aggression. Teacher and self-reported data was used from three waves (waves 4-6) of the Zurich Project on the Social Development of Children and Youths (Z-proso), a prospective longitudinal study of adolescents in Switzerland. Results The results show that both self-control and having a positive teacher-child relationship were direct protective factors against concurrent aggression. However, the interactive protective effect of these factors differed depending on the stage of adolescence and level of exposure to risk. Furthermore, differences were found when considering males and females separately.
$γ$-Radiation of thermalized Quark-Gluon-Plasma
Creators: name: Zaraket, Haitham
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Long time ago, photon production was proposed as a probe and a thermometer for Quark-Gluon Plasma (QGP). However, only recently has the complete $α_s$ order photon spectrum been obtained. In this paper we give a brief review of the problematic as well as discuss the ${\cal O}(α_s)$ result.
description: 6 pages, 2 ps figures, Contribution to the Proceedings of "Quark Matter 2002", Nantes, France, 18-24 Jul 2002
title: 02_0177
Creators: name: Wesley Baldwin, John
name: Baldwin, John W.
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: LaMOP
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris

description: L'ensemble de ces notes ont été crée par John Baldwin lors d'une de ses premières périodes de résidence à Paris. Ces documents comprennent tous les magistri qu’il avait pu rencontrer dans ses sources. Aux XIIème et XIIIème siècles, les universités n'existant pas encore, le titre de magister s'il évoque certainement une compétence n'est pas rattaché de façon systématique au passage par les écoles. De surcroît, les magistris sont le plus souvent désignés par leur seul prénom. La lecture de ces données est donc difficile et suppose un long travail pour tenter d'identifier un individu auquel on pourrait rattacher plusieurs mentions. John Baldwin avait donc renoncé à utiliser ces données pour donner un prolongement à sa magnifique étude sur les gradués d'université et leur emploi par les Capétiens et les Plantagenêts. Néanmoins, il a conservé ces données et elles sont potentiellement très utile dans le cadre de Studium, comme le sont toutes les mentions dans les volumes des Fasti Ecclesiae Gallicanae de chanoines portant ce titre de magister sans autres précisions. L'ampleur des dépouillements rend ces données très utiles et nous devons une grande reconnaissance à John Baldwin pour avoir pris la peine de faire photocopier ses fiches et de nous les avoir transmises amicalement.
Les données ainsi que les images des fiches sont accessibles sur le site Internet à l'adresse suivante : http://studium-baldwin.lamop.fr/.
Les transcriptions des fiches ont été effectuées par des étudiants de Paris 1 Panthéon - Sorbonne mais elles n'ont pas été corrigées par la suite.
description: Relation: https://lamop.hypotheses.org/
Field-dependent ionic conductivities from generalized fluctuation-dissipation relations
Creators: name: Lesnicki, Dominika
name: Gao, Chloe Y.
name: Rotenberg, Benjamin
name: Limmer, David T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive a relationship for the electric field dependent ionic conductivity in terms of fluctuations of time integrated microscopic variables. We demonstrate this formalism with molecular dynamics simulations of solutions of differing ionic strength with implicit solvent conditions and molten salts. These calculations are aided by a novel nonequilibrium statistical reweighting scheme that allows for the conductivity to be computed as a continuous function of the applied field. In strong electrolytes, we find the fluctuations of the ionic current are Gaussian and subsequently the conductivity is constant with applied field. In weaker electrolytes and molten salts, we find the fluctuations of the ionic current are strongly non-Gaussian and the conductivity increases with applied field. This nonlinear behavior, known phenomenologically for dilute electrolytes as the Onsager-Wien effect, is general and results from the suppression of ionic correlations at large applied fields, as we elucidate through both dynamic and static correlations within nonequilibrium steady-states.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures
A gray-box model for a probabilistic estimate of regional ground magnetic perturbations: Enhancing the NOAA operational Geospace model with machine learning
Creators: name: Camporeale, Enrico
name: Cash, M. D.
name: Singer, H. J.
name: Balch, C. C.
name: Huang, Z.
name: Toth, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We present a novel algorithm that predicts the probability that the time derivative of the horizontal component of the ground magnetic field $dB/dt$ exceeds a specified threshold at a given location. This quantity provides important information that is physically relevant to Geomagnetically Induced Currents (GIC), which are electric currents { associated to} sudden changes in the Earth's magnetic field due to Space Weather events. The model follows a 'gray-box' approach by combining the output of a physics-based model with machine learning. Specifically, we combine the University of Michigan's Geospace model that is operational at the NOAA Space Weather Prediction Center, with a boosted ensemble of classification trees. We discuss the problem of re-calibrating the output of the decision tree to obtain reliable probabilities. The performance of the model is assessed by typical metrics for probabilistic forecasts: Probability of Detection and False Detection, True Skill Statistic, Heidke Skill Score, and Receiver Operating Characteristic curve. We show that the ML enhanced algorithm consistently improves all the metrics considered.
description: under review
MOESM11 of gRNA validation for wheat genome editing with the CRISPR-Cas9 system
Creators: name: Taj Arndell
name: Niharika Sharma
name: Langridge, Peter
name: Baumann, Ute
name: Watson-Haigh, Nathan
name: Whitford, Ryan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Marine Biology

description: Additional file 11 Homoeoallele-specific amplification of EPSPS on chromosomes 7AS, 4AL and 7DS following transient co-expression of Cas9 and gRNA in wheat protoplasts. Nulli-tetra (â ) genomic DNA template does not contain the target chromosome. Nulli-tetra (+) genomic DNA template does contain the target chromosome. NT, no template; *gRNA, non-targeting (random guide sequence) gRNA. Three replicates were performed. All bands to the right of the ladder were gel purified and Sanger sequenced in the forward and reverse directions.
Supplementary information files for "The revised perceived academic impact tool (PAIT2): A tool to assess academic dysfunction in university‐aged student‐athletes with sports‐related concussion"
Creators: name: Glendon, Kerry
name: Pain, Matthew
name: Belli, Antonio
name: Blenkinsop, Glen
Publisher: name: Loughborough University
Year: 2025
Subjects: classificationCode: 4207
subject: Sports science and exercise
classificationCode: 5201
subject: Applied and developmental psychology
classificationCode: 4017
subject: Mechanical engineering
subject: FOS: Mechanical engineering

description: Supplementary information files for article "The revised perceived academic impact tool (PAIT2): A tool to assess academic dysfunction in university‐aged student‐athletes with sports‐related concussion"Research acknowledges Sports‐Related Concussion (SRC) is acutely deleterious to academic ability, but no tool has been validated to measure the effect of SRC on academic ability. The sutdy aimed to establish if the Revised Perceived Academic Impact Tool (PAIT2) is reliable and valid for assessing academic impairment following an SRC. Non‐concussed, healthy student‐athletes in higher education were recruited to the control group and completed the PAIT2 at day 0, 2, 4, 8, 14 and 19. The concussed group consisted of higher education student‐athletes participating in rugby union. The concussed group completed the PAIT2 at baseline screening during pre‐season, day 2, 4, 8 and 14 following an SRC and at return‐to‐play. The PAIT2 asks participants to rate their perceived ability on 23 academic tasks on a statement scored on a 0–6 Likert scale. Repeated measurements from the healthy group (n = 25) demonstrated PAIT2 has good internal validity (χ2(25) = 2.128 and p = 0.712) and reliability (0.880 [95% CI: 0.785–0.941]). A change of 4.631 (80% CI) can be used to indicate if academic impairment is present following an SRC. PAIT2 identified 96% of concussed student‐athletes with academic impairment at day 2, 92% at day 4, 85.71% at day 8 and 92% at day 14 and 19. PAIT2 has good reliability and internal validity for detecting those with academic impairment following SRC. The use of this tool may be of assistance to clinicians when managing student‐athletes return to learn.

© The Authors, 2024
Particle Acceleration in three dimensional Reconnection Regions: A New Test Particle Approach
Creators: name: Schopper, Rudiger
name: Birk, Guido T.
name: Lesch, Harald
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Magnetic Reconnection is an efficient and fast acceleration mechanism by means of direct electric field acceleration parallel to the magnetic field. Thus, acceleration of particles in reconnection regions is a very important topic in plasma astrophysics. This paper shows that the conventional analytical models and numerical test particle investigations can be misleading concerning the energy distribution of the accelerated particles, since they oversimplify the electric field structure by the assumption that the field is homogeneous. These investigations of the acceleration of charged test particles are extended by considering three-dimensional field configurations characterized by localized field-aligned electric fields. Moreover, effects of radiative losses are discussed. The comparison between homogeneous and inhomogeneous electric field acceleration in reconnection regions shows dramatic differences concerning both, the maximum particle energy and the form of the energy distribution.
description: 11 pages, 21 figures
Technology Gap and the Emergying Size-Productivity Relationships Following the Adoption of New Technology: An Analysis of Evidence from Northwest and Eastern India
Creators: name: Subbarao, K.
name: Subbarao, K.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1983
Subjects: International Development
Productivity Analysis
Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies

description: Although the successes achieved by the adoption of new seed and fertilizer technology were impressive, especially in regions endowed with public sources of irrigation, it is often feared--on the basis of field observations and evaluation studies--that it has led to a widening of interfarm and interregional inequalities. However, the extent to which the institutional environment of a given region is responsible for such a development is not adequately appreciated in most of the evaluation studies of the Green Revolution. The basic hypothesis to be examined in this paper is: where the institutional framework (structure of landholdings, credit, and marketing institutions) is more favourable, small and large farms realize significant productivity gains from adopting new seed and fertilizer technology. In regions where such a favourable institutional environment does not prevail, large farms realized proportionately more productivity gains than small farms. A confirmation of this hypothesis would imply that the interfarm inequity in productivity gains (widely discussed in the literature on the Green Revolution) is not as important in the institutionally well-endowed regions as in the poorly endowed regions. The above hypothesis will be tested by contrasting the recent experience of two wheat growing regions--western Uttar Pradesh, which is geographically close to the northwestern plains (the scene of the Green Revolution), and the predominantly rainfed eastern Uttar Pradesh, which is located on the IndoGangetic plains in eastern India.
SPECIFIC ASPECTS OF ENSURING THE PARTICIPATION OF OTHER PERSONS IN THE CRIMINAL PROCESS AT THE PRE-TRIAL STAGE IN GERMANY
Creators: name: Khujanova, Dilshoda
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: This article is dedicated to analyzing the specific aspects of ensuring the participation of persons involved in criminal proceedings at the pre-trial stage. The article examines the roles of participants - suspects, victims, witnesses, experts, and other individuals based on German criminal procedure law (Strafprozessordnung, StPO) and methods for ensuring their procedural activities. Special attention is given to legislative mechanisms, coercive measures, use of technology, and legal-ethical issues in ensuring participation. Additionally, based on the opinions of prominent legal scholars, the German experience is evaluated as a unique system. The aim of the article is to demonstrate the importance of participants in increasing the effectiveness of the pre-trial stage and to discuss the possibilities of applying this experience in Uzbekistan's legislation. The results of the analysis provide important conclusions for ensuring procedural justice and transparency at this stage.
Spin-Orbit Misalignment in S-Type Binaries
Creators: name: Ellithorpe, Elizabeth A.
name: Kaib, Nathan A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021

description: Poster for ERES 2021 Virtual Conference. Abstract: In the early stages of their lives, stars very often are part of a binary pair or a higher order multiple. Such a prevalence of binary systems means that they should be included in discussions of the evolution of exoplanetary systems. We utilize a hybrid symplectic integrator to evolve a system of s-type planets in a co-planar binary that is in turn evolved through an embedded cluster environment. In a non-negligible number of cases, the cluster perturbs the binary companion onto an eccentric orbit, causing an orbital instability in the 4 gas giants that we place around the primary. In addition to characterizing these instabilities, we also look at the changes in orbital architecture for the planetary systems that have undergone a loss of 1 or more planets. We find that there is a marked difference in the eccentricity and spin-orbit angle distributions of planetary systems that have undergone an instability compared to those that remain stable for the duration of our 10 Myr simulations. The preference for these unstable systems to occupy higher spin-orbit angles than their stable counterparts indicates that interactions with a binary companion driven by a cluster environment could be a source for misaligned exoplanets.
Supertrees
Creators: name: Defant, Colin
name: Kravitz, Noah
name: Sah, Ashwin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05C05, 05D99

description: A $k$-universal permutation, or $k$-superpermutation, is a permutation that contains all permutations of length $k$ as patterns. The problem of finding the minimum length of a $k$-superpermutation has recently received significant attention in the field of permutation patterns. One can ask analogous questions for other classes of objects. In this paper, we study $k$-supertrees. For each $d\geq 2$, we focus on two types of rooted plane trees called $d$-ary plane trees and $[d]$-trees. Motivated by recent developments in the literature, we consider "contiguous" and "noncontiguous" notions of pattern containment for each type of tree. We obtain both upper and lower bounds on the minimum possible size of a $k$-supertree in three cases; in the fourth, we determine the minimum size exactly. One of our lower bounds makes use of a recent result of Albert, Engen, Pantone, and Vatter on $k$-universal layered permutations.
description: 22 pages, 5 figures
Detection of delta Scuti-like pulsation in H254, a pre-main sequence F-type star in IC 348
Creators: name: Ripepi, V.
name: Palla, F.
name: Marconi, M.
name: Bernabei, S.
name: Ferro, A. Arellano
name: Terranegra, L.
name: Alcalá, J. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present time series observations of intermediate mass PMS stars belonging to the young star cluster IC 348. The new data reveal that a young member of the cluster, H254, undergoes periodic light variations with delta Scuti-like characteristics. This occurrence provides an unambiguous evidence confirming the prediction that intermediate-mass pre-main sequence (PMS) stars should experience this transient instability during their approach to the main-sequence. On the basis of the measured frequency f=7.406 c/d, we are able to constrain the intrinsic stellar parameters of H254 by means of linear, non adiabatic, radial pulsation models. The range of the resulting luminosity and effective temperature permitted by the models is narrower than the observational values. In particular, the pulsation analysis allows to derive an independent estimate of the distance to IC 348 of about 320 pc. Further observations could either confirm the monoperiodic nature of H254 or reveal the presence of other frequencies.
description: 7 pages, including 7 postscript figures, accepted for publication on A&A
Crystal Chemical Concept of Arrangement and Function of Layered Superconducting Materials
Creators: name: Volkova, L. M.
name: Polyshchuk, S. A.
name: Magarill, S. A.
name: Herbeck, F. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The crystal chemical concept of arrangement and function of layered superconducting materials is supposed. The concept is based on results of our investigation of crystal chemistry of high-temperature superconductors (HTSC) cuprates, diborides AB2 and borocarbides of nickel RNi2B2C. According to these results: (1) the main role in appearance of superconductivity played by the structural fragments - sandwiches A2(CuO2) in HTSC cuprates, A2(B2) in diborides and RB(Ni) in nickel borocarbides but not the separate planes of CuO2, B2 or Ni; (2) correlations between Tc and crystal chemical parameters of these sandwiches have similar character in all three classes of compounds, despite of distinction of a nature of their superconductivity. The central idea of the concept consists in following: in contrast to metallic conduction, for which it is enough to provide only concentration and mobility of charge carriers, for occurrence of a superconductivity it is necessary to create in addition a space (channels) for stream of charge carriers, compression of stream of carriers and focusing to direction on path of motion
description: 4 pages, 2 figures
Application of Prior Information to Discriminative Feature Learning
Creators: name: Liu, Yang
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2018
Subjects: Feature Learning
Deep Learning
Image Classification

description: Learning discriminative feature representations has attracted a great deal of attention since it is a critical step to facilitate the subsequent classification, retrieval and recommendation tasks. In this dissertation, besides incorporating prior knowledge about image labels into the image classification as most prevalent feature learning methods currently do, we also explore some other general-purpose priors and verify their effectiveness in the discriminant feature learning. As a more powerful representation can be learned by implementing such general priors, our approaches achieve state-of-the-art results on challenging benchmarks. We elaborate on these general-purpose priors and highlight where we have made novel contributions. We apply sparsity and hierarchical priors to the explanatory factors that describe the data, in order to better discover the data structure. More specifically, in the first approach we propose that we only incorporate sparse priors into the feature learning. To this end, we present a support discrimination dictionary learning method, which finds a dictionary under which the feature representation of images from the same class have a common sparse structure while the size of the overlapped signal support of different classes is minimised. Then we incorporate sparse priors and hierarchical priors into a unified framework, that is capable of controlling the sparsity of the neuron activation in deep neural networks. Our proposed approach automatically selects the most useful low-level features and effectively combines them into more powerful and discriminative features for our specific image classification problem. We also explore priors on the relationships between multiple factors. When multiple independent factors exist in the image generation process and only some of them are of interest to us, we propose a novel multi-task adversarial network to learn a disentangled feature which is optimized with respect to the factor of interest to us, while being distraction factors agnostic. When common factors exist in multiple tasks, leveraging common factors cannot only make the learned feature representation more robust, but also enable the model to generalise from very few labelled samples. More specifically, we address the domain adaptation problem and propose the re-weighted adversarial adaptation network to reduce the feature distribution divergence and adapt the classifier from source to target domains.
The Mass of the Central Black Hole in the Seyfert Galaxy NGC 3783
Creators: name: Onken, Christopher A.
name: Peterson, Bradley M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Improved analysis of ultraviolet and optical monitoring data on the Seyfert 1 galaxy NGC 3783 provides evidence for the existence of a supermassive, (8.7+/-1.1)x10^6 M_sun, black hole in this galaxy. By using recalibrated spectra from the International Ultraviolet Explorer satellite and ground-based optical data, as well as refined techniques of reverberation mapping analysis, we have reduced the statistical uncertainties in the response of the emission lines to variations in the ionizing continuum. The different time lags in the emission line responses indicate a stratification in the ionization structure of the broad-line region and are consistent with the virial relationship suggested by the analysis of similar active galaxies.
description: 19 pages, 6 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ
Theta term instead of the Higgs field in Electroweak theory
Creators: name: Polikarpov, M. I.
name: Veselov, A. I.
name: Zubkov, M. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the electroweak theory without fundamental scalar field. The topological excitation of the SU(2)*U(1) theory (the monopole) plays the role of the Higgs field, it carries the SU(2)*U(1) topological charge due to the theta--term of the special type.
description: Lattice2001(confinement), 3 pages, 1 eps figure
Oxygen's 2.4 billion year control on Earth's atmosphere with consequences for exoplanet biosignatures
Creators: name: Cooke, Greg
name: Marsh, Dan
name: Walsh, Catherine
name: Jean-François Lamarque
name: Black, Ben
name: Rugheimer, Sarah
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Proterozoic Earth
Ozone
Exoplanets
Biosignatures

description: Since the Great Oxidation Event approximately 2.4 billion years ago, oxygen (O₂) concentrations have fluctuated until reaching modern day levels, with O₂ now comprising 21% of the atmosphere. Given the geological history of terrestrial bodies in the solar system, telescopes will likely find an exoplanet in a particular geological regime, with the Proterozoic being the longest geological period from Earth’s history. Chemistry-climate simulations using the Whole Atmosphere Community Climate Model (WACCM) are presented, where oxygen concentrations were altered from pre-industrial levels to 150%, 50%, 10%, 5%, 1%, 0.5%, and 0.1% of the present atmospheric level. These simulations represent not only Earth through time, but also possible Earth-analogue exoplanets that orbit a Sun-like (G-type) star. We find a reduced ozone (O3) column compared to previous work, with important habitability implications for Earth' history, as well as implications for characterising the habitability of exoplanets. With a reduced O₃ shield, enhanced photolysis produces increased chemical destruction in a Proterozoic-like atmosphere, such that detecting the presence of life in possible transmission spectra observations of these inhabited exoplanets will be challenging.
Prospects for Growth in Grain Production in China
Creators: name: Barker, Randolph
name: Rose, Beth
name: Sisler, Daniel G.
name: Barker, Randolph
name: Rose, Beth
name: Sisler, Daniel G.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1983
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries
International Development

description: China's capacity to increase production and economic efficiency in agriculture in the 1980s will depend on its ability to adopt appropriate policies and to overcome technical and environmental constraints. Insistence on local and regional self-reliance led to an overemphasis on grain production at the expense of cash crops (oilseeds, cotton, soybeans, etc.) and fodder acreage. The effectiveness of policy changes will depend on the ease with which technical and environmental constraints can be overcome. Approximately 50 percent of China's gross agricultural product is derived from grain, and grain provides close to 90 percent of all calories consumed in China. Until recently there have been few data on which to judge the past performance or future potential of Chinese agriculture. Even now, available data are spotty and frequently of variable quality, rendering any attempts at quantitative analysis suspect. For such a large and climatically diverse country, national aggregates provide no clear understanding of technical constaints or growth potentials.
Rethinking the Third Century CE: Contemporary Historiography and Political Narrative
Creators: name: Andrews, Graham
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2019
Subjects: Cassius Dio
Herodian
Roman history
third century crisis
third century
roman historiography
ancient historiography

description: This thesis challenges one of the fundamental assumptions about Rome’s political upheaval in the third century CE. This period is conventionally defined by the growing political influence of the army at the expense of the Senate, after the Severan emperors made it clear that their hold on power rested on military support. The soldiers would grow bolder in asserting their position, eventually coming to overthrow emperors at will. I present a broad reassessment of the evidence for a historical model which derives from the narratives of two contemporary witnesses, Cassius Dio and Herodian. Dio is the subject of my first discussion. I address two problems. Firstly, Dio’s contemporary history survives only through Byzantine epitomes and excerpts. Its irreparable alteration means that Dio’s later books cannot be treated in their own terms, but have to be contextualised against the wider thematic framework of his thousand-year account. Secondly, I turn to Dio himself. Within that framework, Dio presents himself as the ideal senatorial historian. In doing so, he is able to define a uniform senatorial experience, which excludes everything else as deriving from military corruption. An analysis of Herodian follows, also in two parts. The first analyses Herodian’s construction of Roman society into three constituent parts, Senate, army and people. I show how these simplistically homogenous social units allow Herodian to explore imperial character, even as they cause inconsistencies in his political narrative. I then address Herodian’s account of Maximinus Thrax. This narrative has been presented as the historical culmination of the army taking over politically. I argue instead that it represents the climax of Herodian’s rhetorical scheme. Overall, the model of political conflict is built on two contemporary accounts which have specific reasons to simplify matters in their presentation of political activity. In order to understand the nature of political change in this period, I argue that it is necessary to move beyond them.
description: PhD funded by the AHRC.
Combining Sterile Neutrino Fits to Short Baseline Data with IceCube Data
Creators: name: Moulai, M. H.
name: Argüelles, C. A.
name: Collin, G. H.
name: Conrad, J. M.
name: Diaz, A.
name: Shaevitz, M. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent global fits to short-baseline neutrino oscillation data have been performed finding preference for a sterile neutrino solution (3+1) over null. In the most recent iteration, it was pointed out that an unstable sterile neutrino (3+1+decay) may be a better description of the data. This is due to the fact that this model significantly reduces the tension between appearance and disappearance datasets. In this work, we add a one-year IceCube dataset to the global fit obtaining new results for the standard 3+1 and 3+1+decay sterile neutrino scenarios. We find that the 3+1+decay model provides a better fit than the 3+1, even in the presence of IceCube, with reduced appearance to disappearance tension. The 3+1+decay model is a 5.4$σ$ improvement over the null hypothesis and a 2.8$σ$ improvement over the standard 3+1 model.
description: 2 figures, 3 tables, and a supplementary material containing 5 figures and 1 table. Updated to match the published version
From matter to galaxies: General relativistic bias for the one-loop bispectrum
Creators: name: Calles, Juan
name: Castiblanco, Lina
name: Noreña, Jorge
name: Stahl, Clément
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We write down the Lagrangian bias expansion in general relativity up to 4th order in terms of operators describing the curvature of an early-time hypersurface for comoving observers. They can be easily expanded in synchronous or comoving gauges. This is necessary for the computation of the one-loop halo bispectrum, where relativistic effects can be degenerate with a primordial non-Gaussian signal. Since the bispectrum couples scales, an accurate prediction of the squeezed limit behavior needs to be both non-linear and relativistic. We then evolve the Lagrangian bias operators in time in comoving gauge, obtaining non-local operators analogous to what is known in the Newtonian limit. Finally, we show how to renormalize the bias expansion at an arbitrary time and find that this is crucial in order to cancel unphysical $1/k^2$ divergences in the large-scale power spectrum and bispectrum that could be mistaken for a contamination to the non-Gaussian signal.
description: 31 pages, 10 Figures
Thirty Years of Precision Electroweak Physics
Creators: name: Sirlin, Alberto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the development of the theory of electroweak radiative corrections and its role in testing the Standard Model, predicting the top quark mass, constraining the Higgs boson mass, and searching for deviations that may signal the presence of new physics.
description: 19 pages, acknowledgments added, J.J.Sakurai Prize Talk, APS Meeting, Albuquerque, N.M., April 2002. To appear in a future issue of Journal of Physics G
Few-electron liquid and solid phases in artificial molecules at high magnetic field
Creators: name: Rontani, Massimo
name: Goldoni, Guido
name: Molinari, Elisa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Coupled semiconductor quantum dots form artificial molecules where relevant energy scales controlling the interacting ground state can be easily tuned. By applying an external magnetic field it is possible to drive the system from a weak to a strong correlation regime where eventually electrons localize in space in an ordered manner reminiscent of the two-dimensional Wigner crystal. We explore the phase diagram of such "Wigner molecules" analyzing the angular correlation function obtained by the Configuration Interaction solution of the full interacting Hamiltonian. Focus is on the role of tunneling in stabilizing different ground states.
description: 10 pages, 6 PS and EPS figures, Latex2e. It uses the crckbked.cls style and Kluwer fonts. To appear in "New directions in mesoscopic physics (towards nanoscience)", NATO ASI series B: physics (Kluwer, Dordrecht)
Acoustic instabilities at the transition from the radiation-dominated to the matter-dominated universe
Creators: name: Siemieniec-Ozieblo, G.
name: Woszczyna, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The transition from acoustic noise in the radiation-dominated universe to the density structures in the matter dominated epoch is considered. The initial state is a stochastic field of sound waves moving in different directions. The construction of the initial state is compatible with the hyperbolic type of propagation equation for density perturbations, and parallel to the theory of stochastic background of gravitational waves. Instantaneous transition between the cosmological epochs is assumed, and Darmois-Israel joining conditions are applied to match solutions for sound waves with growing or decaying modes at the decoupling. As a result a substantial amplification of the low scale structures is obtained.
description: 11 pages, 6 figures, accepted to A&A
The decay $J/ψ\toγϕϕ$: spin dependence of amplitude and angular distributions of photons with linear polarizations
Creators: name: Kozhevnikov, A. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Based on the effective invariant amplitudes of the transitions $J/ψ\toγX(J^P)$ and $X(J^P)\toϕϕ$, the spin dependence of the $J/ψ\toγX(J^P)\toγϕϕ$ decay amplitude is obtained in the case of the intermediate resonances $X$ with $J^P=0^\pm,1^\pm,2^\pm$. Angular distributions of photons with the definite linear polarizations relative to the plane spanned by the momentum of initial electron and the total momentum of the $ϕϕ$ pair in the reaction $e^+e^-\to J/ψ\toγX(J^P)\toγϕϕ$ are calculated. It is shown that the sign of the asymmetry of the distributions of the photons polarized in the above plane and orthogonal to it correlates with the signature $P_X(-1)^{J_X}$ of the $X$ resonance with given spin-parity $J_X^{P_X}$ so it may help to establish this quantum number in a way which does not depend on the specific model of the $X(J^P)\toϕϕ$ amplitude.
description: 11 pages, 1 figure
MOESM16 of Transcriptome analysis of the differential effect of the NADPH oxidase gene RbohB in Phaseolus vulgaris roots following Rhizobium tropici and Rhizophagus irregularis inoculation
Creators: name: Fonseca-García, Citlali
name: Zayas, Alejandra
name: Montiel, Jesús
name: Noreide Nava
name: Sánchez, Federico
name: Quinto, Carmen
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 16: Figure S13. KEGG pathway map of plant hormone signal transduction for downregulated genes in mycorrhized PvRbohB-silenced roots.
Ethnic Identity and the Consolidation of Imperial Power in the Grand Khitan Empire (AD 907-1125) Burial Art as Evidence for Ethnogenesis in a Multi-ethnic Society
Creators: name: CHENG, SHU FANG
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2019
Subjects: Liao Dynasty
Nomad
Ethnic Khitan
Khitan Empire

description: The Grand Khitan Empire (AD 907-1125) was created by expanding its territory through military conquest and diplomatic treaty across parts of Asia. By deliberate political strategies of cultural construction and the materialization of ethnic ideology, Khitan leaders maintained a multi-ethnic social fabric, consolidated their imperial power, made the ethnic Khitan distinct with the rise of their state, and ultimately proclaimed a hegemony in Northeast Asia. This thesis presents an analysis of 48 tombs categorized into four groups based on the social rank, ethnicity and source of power of the tomb occupants, who include the Khitan emperor, Khitan hereditary aristocracy, non-Khitan hereditary aristocracy and non-hereditary elites. The evolution and chronological patterns of each tomb category are examined and compared to identify the sources of power that underlie ethnic identity and supports the suggestion that imperial acts were manipulated for the consolidation of power. The thesis thus questions the validity of traditional assumptions about ethnic markers – specifically that there was no one-to-one straightforward relation between material culture and ethnicity. The material cultural boundary can be seen as the consequence of social interaction. In addition, it is also clear that the alteration of imperial titles was a political act. Imperial titles of ‘Khitan’, ‘Grand Khitan’, ‘Khitan State’ and ‘Qara Khitan’ accentuate the governing body of ethnic Khitan. In contrast, the titles ‘Liao’ or ‘Great Liao’ were used to symbolize a nation of all the people with the intent of creating a more unified community in the understatement of ethnic differentiation. Overall, archaeological data indicates that an ethno-political strategy highlighted the ruling body (ethnic Khitan) and the largest proportion of the ruled (ethnic Chinese). However, as it privileged ethnic Chinese, it simultaneously marginalized the remaining ethnic minorities, which subsequently lead to a revolt by ethnic Jurchen and the downfall of the Khitan Empire.
Optical spectroscopy of metal-rich HII regions and circumnuclear hot spots in M83 and NGC 3351
Creators: name: Bresolin, Fabio
name: Kennicutt, Robert C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present optical spectroscopy of a sample of metal-rich extragalactic HII regions in the spiral galaxies M83, NGC 3351 and NGC 6384, including a number of circumnuclear HII regions (hot spots). Different age estimators (equivalent width of the Hbeta emission line W(Hb), Balmer line absorption profiles, UV spectra) provide consistently young ages (4-6 Myr) for the hot spots. We have detected the W-R bump feature at 4650 A in five of the objects, and in fewer cases possibly the WC features at 5696 A and 5808 A. Six additional objects showing W-R features are drawn from our previous work on extragalactic HII regions. From the measured luminosity of the W-R blue bump we estimate a small number of WN stars (from 1-2 to about 30). By assuming instantaneous bursts of star formation the ages derived from W(Hb) (3-6 Myr) and the strength of the W-R bump are in agreement with the predictions of evolutionary stellar population models, provided we account for stochastic effects on the IMF. From a comparison with published photoionization models based on synthetic cluster spectral energy distributions we find some evidence for an overestimation of the number of He ionizing photons in the model fluxes. In general, however, the massive star diagnostics are in agreement with the predictions of recent evolutionary models calculated with a Salpeter IMF and a high mass limit. We find no compelling evidence for a depletion of massive stars (M > 40-50 solar masses) in the IMF of metal-rich clusters, contrary to our previous conclusions based on older evolutionary models.
description: 42 pages, 19 figures, 6 tables. Accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal
Exchange driven freeze out of dark matter
Creators: name: Maity, Tarak Nath
name: Ray, Tirtha Sankar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce a novel mechanism where processes that preserve the number density of the dark sector set the relic density of a thermal particulate dark matter. In a relatively degenerate multipartite dark sector if there is a considerable time lapse between the freeze out of various species then a process like exchange between dark sector constituents can play the pivotal role of driving freeze out and setting dark matter relic density. As a proof of principle, we present simple scalar models with viable dark matter in the GeV scale to demonstrate this phenomenon.
description: 13 pages and 5 figures; matches published version