cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Associations of accelerometer-measured physical activity volume and intensity with Incident Cardiovascular Disease: UK Biobank Study
Creators: name: Dempsey, Paddy
name: Rowlands, Alex
name: Strain, Tessa
name: Wijndaele, Katrien
name: Brage, Søren
name: Zaccardi, Francesco
name: Dawkins, Nathan
name: Razieh, Cameron
name: Davies, Melanie
name: Khunti, Kamlesh
name: Yates, Thomas
Publisher: name: The Health & Fitness Journal of Canada
Year: 2022

description: Background: The role of physical activity (PA) intensity over and above volume on cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk is insufficiently understood. Purpose: To investigate integrated associations of PA volume/intensity with incident CVD. Methods: Data were from 88,431 adults from UK Biobank (56.3% women) who wore accelerometers on their dominant wrist for 7 days. Cox proportional hazards regression modelled associations between PA volume/day (mg) and the intensity gradient (IG: distribution of intensity: higher/less-negative values indicate proportionately more time at higher intensities) with incident CVD, adjusted for potential confounders. Results: During a median follow-up period of 6.1 years 3,469 CVD events occurred. Both higher PA volume and IG were associated with a lower hazard of incident CVD by 21% (12-29%) and 14% (8-20%), when comparing the 25th (20mg and -2.7) to the 10th percentiles (reference; 14mg and -2.9) of either exposure. In interaction analyses, at a PA volume of 14mg and IG values corresponding to the 25th, 50th and 95th percentiles, hazards were 11% (7-15%), 21% (14-28%), and 30% (20-39%) lower for incident CVD compared to the reference (10th percentile). In stratified analyses, a higher IG was equally beneficial across tertiles of PA volume (HR: ~13-32%, relative to a lower IG). Conclusions: Findings suggest reductions in CVD risk may be achievable through either increasing PA volume or increasing the proportion of time spent at higher PA intensities, with both conferring additive benefits. This supports multiple approaches/strategies to reducing CVD risk, some of which may be more practical or appealing to different individuals. Funding: Research conducted using the UK Biobank Resource under Application Number 33266. TY and accelerometer data processing were supported by the Lifestyle Theme of the Leicester NHR Leicester BRC. TS, SB, and KW are supported by the UK Medical Research Council [grant numbers MC_UU_00006/4 and MC_UU_12015/3].
description: The Health & Fitness Journal of Canada, Vol. 14 No. 3 (2021): Proceedings from the 8th International Society for Physical Activity and Health Congress
High-dimensional Copula Variational Approximation through Transformation
Creators: name: Smith, Michael Stanley
name: Loaiza-Maya, Rubén
name: Nott, David J.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Physiology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Computational Biology

description: Variational methods are attractive for computing Bayesian inference when exact inference is impractical. They approximate a target distribution—either the posterior or an augmented posterior—using a simpler distribution that is selected to balance accuracy with computational feasibility. Here we approximate an element-wise parametric transformation of the target distribution as multivariate Gaussian or skew-normal. Approximations of this kind are implicit copula models for the original parameters, with a Gaussian or skew-normal copula function and flexible parametric margins. A key observation is that their adoption can improve the accuracy of variational inference in high dimensions at limited or no additional computational cost. We consider the Yeo-Johnson and inverse G&H transformations, along with sparse factor structures for the scale matrix of the Gaussian or skew-normal. We also show how to implement efficient re-parametrization gradient methods for these copula-based approximations. The efficacy of the approach is illustrated by computing posterior inference for three different models using six real datasets. In each case, we show that our proposed copula model distributions are more accurate variational approximations than Gaussian or skew-normal distributions, but at only a minor or no increase in computational cost. Supplementary materials comprising an Online Appendix, MATLAB code to implement the method and the datasets employed, are available online.
title: Le Thermalisme au XXIe siècle :  quelles stratégies pour le futur ?
title: Crenobalneotherapy in XXIst century : which strategies for future ?
Creators: name: Thoulumas, Bruno
Publisher: name: Société Française de Médecine Thermale
Year: 2014

description: Après avoir vécu plus de 3 décennies de croissance, dès le moment (1950) où la Sécurité sociale a pris en charge les cures thermales, le thermalisme a ensuite connu une longue période de marasme, du début des années 1990 à la fin des années 2000.
Les raisons de cette décroissance sont multiples, mais globalement les professionnels du secteur n’ont pas modifié leurs organisations durant cette période, alors que les attentes des curistes évoluaient au rythme de la société du XXIe siècle…
À l’entame des années 2010, on constate un début de redressement de la profession, mais de façon très inégale en fonction des stations, des statuts des établissements, des volontés politiques, de l’environnement touristique de proximité, etc…
L’objet de cet article est de faire un état des lieux du marché du thermalisme, de mettre en avant des expériences différentes via un focus sur 3 stations thermales aux démarches innovantes, et de proposer des axes de travail pour que le nouvel élan constaté depuis 4 ans se confirme de manière plus généralisée.
Les enjeux de ce redémarrage sont considérables pour l’économie des territoires thermaux, pour la plupart situés dans des zones rurales, très dépendante du dynamisme de l’établissement thermal.
description: After more than thirty years of easy growth, due to the fact that the Social Security covered thermal medicine since 1950, thermalism went after that through a long period of decrease, from the early nineties until the late 2000’s.
There are many reasons for this decrease, but professionals generally didn’t change their organization during this period, while clients expectations were changing in pace with 21st centuries’ society...
In 2010, the recovery of thermalism business begins, but it’s very irregular, depending on the establishments statutes, public will, tourism opportunities nearby, and so on…
The purpose of this article is to create a global picture of the thermalism market, to highlight different experiences and results, focusing on 3 cities of thermalism that started implementing innovative approaches, and to propose work directions to confirm and consolidate this new tendency in this market.
The issues and concerns of this “restart” are huge for the local economies, most of them situated in rural areas and depending on the dynamism of the thermal resort.
An Interior Optimal Species Preservation Policy for the Two Types' Symbiotic Noah Ark
Creators: name: Shamir, Shiri
name: Shamir, Shiri
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Financial Economics
subject: optimal policy
subject: biodiversity
subject: symbiotic relationship
subject: keystone species

description: Weitzman’s (1998) seminal work applied the metaphor of Noah’s ark and the related libraries model to the problem of species preservation under budget constraints. In this paper we consider the symbiotic Noah's Ark problem with two types of species: a keystone species and a keystone-dependent species, which relies on the keystone species for survival. The central planner maximizes the expected biodiversity value under budget constraint and obtains the optimal preservation policy. One of Weitzman’s main conclusions was that under an appropriate independence assumption, an optimal policy yields an extreme outcome (almost all species either fully survive or die out). In contrast, we show that our symbiotic model with two types of species generates a unique interior optimal policy. Moreover, we find that under an interior optimal preservation policy, the expenditure on the keystone species' survival is greater than 50% of the given budget.
A study of the support extended by labor unions (A.F. of L.) to American public education, 1950-1955
Creators: name: Coben, Barbara Ann
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: Nothing in more fundamental to the future of a nation than the basic concept of its educational system, in the United States today, many influences are being exerted to shape the framework of this system. Therefore it is of paramount concern to the educational system and to the people interested in its progress to inquire into the activities of organizations active in promoting educational policies. One such organization is the American Federation of Labor.
Schematic mode coupling theories for shear thinning, shear thickening, and jamming
Creators: name: Cates, M. E.
name: Holmes, C. B.
name: Fuchs, M.
name: Henrich, O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Mode coupling theory (MCT) appears to explain several, though not all, aspects of the glass transition in colloids (particularly when short-range attractions are present). Developments of MCT, from rational foundations in statistical mechanics, account qualitatively for nonlinear flow behaviour such as the yield stress of a hard-sphere colloidal glass. Such theories so far only predict shear thinning behaviour, whereas in real colloids both shear thinning and shear thickening can be found. The latter observation can, however, be rationalised by postulating an MCT vertex that is not only a decreasing function of strain rate (as found from first principles) but also an increasing function of stress. Within a highly simplified, schematic MCT model this can lead not only to discontinuous shear thickening but also to complete arrest of a fluid phase under the influence of an external stress (`full jamming').
description: 14 pages, 4 figures. Invited talk, Unifying Concepts in Granular Materials and Glasses, Capri 2003. To appear in published proceedings
Taxing Children: The Re-distributive Role of Child Benefits - Revisited
Creators: name: Blumkin, Tomer
name: Margalioth, Yoram
name: Sadka, Efraim
name: Blumkin, Tomer
name: Margalioth, Yoram
name: Sadka, Efraim
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: Financial Economics
subject: child allowance
subject: re-distribution
subject: means-testing
subject: universal
subject: tagging
subject: optimal taxation

description: In this paper, we challenge the conventional wisdom that due to the negative correlation between family size and earning ability, family size can be used as a 'tagging' device, so that subsidizing children (via child allowances) enhances egalitarian objectives. We show that the case for subsidizing children crucially hinges on child allowances being provided on a universal basis. Notably, when child benefits are means-tested, taxing children at the margin (namely, setting total child benefits to decline with the number of children) is optimal under a broad class of egalitarian objectives.
Norma ERG BR 3001 - Estabelece os Critérios para a Certificação de Pessoas
Creators: name: ABERGO
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: ABERGO
SisCEB
Certificação de Ergonomistas

description: Norma ERG BR 3001 - Estabelece os Critérios para a Certificação de Pessoas
 Aprovada no 1º. Fórum de Certificação do Ergonomista Brasileiro [24 de outubro de 2003 | Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais].
 1ª. Revisão realizada na Reunião da Câmara Técnica de Certificação [17 e 18 de dezembro de 2003 | Rio de Janeiro].
 2ª. Revisão realizada na Reunião da Câmara Técnica de Certificação [14 de outubro de 2004 | São Paulo].
 3ª. Revisão realizada na Reunião da Câmara Técnica de Certificação [27 a 29 de Setembro de 2017 | Porto Alegre].
A study of the support extended by labor unions (A.F. of L.) to American public education, 1950-1955
Creators: name: Coben, Barbara Ann
Publisher: name: ProQuest
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 39
subject: Education
classificationCode: 3904
subject: Specialist studies in education
classificationCode: 4303
subject: Historical studies

description: Nothing in more fundamental to the future of a nation than the basic concept of its educational system, in the United States today, many influences are being exerted to shape the framework of this system. Therefore it is of paramount concern to the educational system and to the people interested in its progress to inquire into the activities of organizations active in promoting educational policies. One such organization is the American Federation of Labor.
Developing a Hybrid Data-Driven, Mechanistic Virtual Flow Meter -- a Case Study
Creators: name: Hotvedt, Mathilde
name: Grimstad, Bjarne
name: Imsland, Lars
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: I.2; I.6; J.2

description: Virtual flow meters, mathematical models predicting production flow rates in petroleum assets, are useful aids in production monitoring and optimization. Mechanistic models based on first-principles are most common, however, data-driven models exploiting patterns in measurements are gaining popularity. This research investigates a hybrid modeling approach, utilizing techniques from both the aforementioned areas of expertise, to model a well production choke. The choke is represented with a simplified set of first-principle equations and a neural network to estimate the valve flow coefficient. Historical production data from the petroleum platform Edvard Grieg is used for model validation. Additionally, a mechanistic and a data-driven model are constructed for comparison of performance. A practical framework for development of models with varying degree of hybridity and stochastic optimization of its parameters is established. Results of the hybrid model performance are promising albeit with considerable room for improvements.
description: 6 pages, 6 figures
Spin-resolved second-order correlation energy of the two-dimensional uniform electron gas
Creators: name: Seidl, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: For the two-dimensional electron gas, the exact high-density limit of the correlation energy is evaluated here numerically for all values of the spin polarization. The result is spin-resolved into $\uparrow\uparrow$, $\uparrow\downarrow$, and $\downarrow\downarrow$ contributions and parametrized analytically. Interaction-strength interpolation yields a simple model (LSD) for the correlation energy at finite densities.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures
Labor Migration and the Case for Flat Tax
Creators: name: Blumkin, Tomer
name: Sadka, Efraim
name: Shem-Tov, Yotam
name: Blumkin, Tomer
name: Sadka, Efraim
name: Shem-Tov, Yotam
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Financial Economics
subject: Labor and Human Capital
subject: flat tax
subject: re-distribution
subject: migration
subject: tax-competition

description: In this paper we employ a tax-competition model to demonstrate that in the presence of migration the re-distributive advantage of a non-linear income tax system over a linear (flat) one is significantly mitigated relative to the autarky (no-migration) equilibrium. A coordinated shift to a flat system with its entailed administrative advantages may therefore be warranted.
The Desirability of Workfare in the Presence of Misreporting
Creators: name: Blumkin, Tomer
name: Margalioth, Yoram
name: Sadka, Efraim
name: Blumkin, Tomer
name: Margalioth, Yoram
name: Sadka, Efraim
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Financial Economics
subject: Labor and Human Capital
subject: workfare
subject: welfare
subject: means-testing
subject: misreporting
subject: utility maintenance

description: In this paper we demonstrate that in addition to its acknowledged screening role, workfare - namely, introducing work (or training) requirements for welfare eligibility in means-tested programs - also serves to mitigate income misreporting by welfare claimants. It achieves this goal by effectively increasing the marginal cost of earning extra income in the shadow economy for claimants who satisfy the work requirement. We show that when misreporting is sufficiently prevalent, supplementing a means-tested transfer system with work requirements is socially desirable.
High-Dimensional Copula Variational Approximation Through Transformation
Creators: name: Smith, Michael Stanley
name: Loaiza-Maya, Rubén
name: Nott, David J.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Physiology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Computational Biology

description: Variational methods are attractive for computing Bayesian inference when exact inference is impractical. They approximate a target distribution—either the posterior or an augmented posterior—using a simpler distribution that is selected to balance accuracy with computational feasibility. Here, we approximate an element-wise parametric transformation of the target distribution as multivariate Gaussian or skew-normal. Approximations of this kind are implicit copula models for the original parameters, with a Gaussian or skew-normal copula function and flexible parametric margins. A key observation is that their adoption can improve the accuracy of variational inference in high dimensions at limited or no additional computational cost. We consider the Yeo–Johnson and inverse G&H transformations, along with sparse factor structures for the scale matrix of the Gaussian or skew-normal. We also show how to implement efficient reparameterization gradient methods for these copula-based approximations. The efficacy of the approach is illustrated by computing posterior inference for three different models using six real datasets. In each case, we show that our proposed copula model distributions are more accurate variational approximations than Gaussian or skew-normal distributions, but at only a minor or no increase in computational cost. Supplementary materials comprising an online appendix, MATLAB code to implement the method, and the datasets employed, are available online.
Reallocations of movement behaviors and body composition in middle aged and elderly
Creators: name: Limpens, Marlou
name: Hofman, Amy
name: Voortman, Trudy
Publisher: name: The Health & Fitness Journal of Canada
Year: 2022

description: sarcopenic obesity. Previous studies suggested that body composition can be affected by physical activity and sedentary behavior, however, they did not account for the dependency of these activity domains and sleep, being bound within the 24-hour day. Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the associations between reallocations of time among time-use movement behaviors and detailed body composition measurements in middle-aged and older adults. Methods: We included 1,874 participants (mean age 71.5±9.3 years, 50.2% women) from the large prospective population-based Rotterdam Study. We collected up to 7 days 24-hour accelerometer data (GeneActiv) to estimate sleep, sedentary behavior (SB), light physical activity (LPA) and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA). Body composition was measured using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) from which we calculated: body mass index (BMI), total body fat percentage (%BF), fat mass index (FMI) and fat-free mass index (FFMI). Results: MVPA was associated with lower BMI, mainly explained by a lower FMI, irrespective of whether it was replaced with 30 minutes of sleep (B:-0.72, 95%-confidence interval (CI) -0.98;-0.46), sedentary (B:-0.82, 95%-CI -1.08;-0.56), or LPA (B:-0.76, 95%-CI -1.27;-0.25). More MVPA was to a smaller extent also associated with a lower FFMI, but overall with a lower %BF. Conclusions: The composition of movement behaviors is associated with body composition in middle-aged and elderly. Increased MVPA at the expense of other physical behavior measures was associated with lower BMI, which was explained mainly by less body fat. Funding: Horizon2020.
description: The Health & Fitness Journal of Canada, Vol. 14 No. 3 (2021): Proceedings from the 8th International Society for Physical Activity and Health Congress
TAX COMPETITION AND MIGRATION: THE RACE-TO-THE-BOTTOM HYPOTHESIS REVISITED
Creators: name: Razin, Assaf
name: Sadka, Efraim
name: Razin, Assaf
name: Sadka, Efraim
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: Demand and Price Analysis
Financial Economics

description: The literature on tax competition with free capital mobility cites several reasons for the race-to-the-bottom hypothesis in the sense that tax competition may yield significantly lower tax rates than tax coordination. With a fixed (exogenously given) population that can move from one fiscal jurisdiction to another, the Tiebout paradigm suggests that tax competition among these jurisdictions yields an efficient outcome, so that there are no gains from tax coordination. The Tiebout paradigm considers the allocation of a given population among competing localities. Our model of international tax-transfer and migration competition among host countries deviates from the Tiebout paradigm in that the total population in the host countries and its skill distribution are endogenously determined through migration of various skills. As a result, competition needs not be efficient. This paper suggests that when a group of host countries faces an upward supply of immigrants, tax competition does not indeed lead to a race to the bottom; competition may lead to higher taxes than coordination.
A model for the jet-disk connection in BH accreting systems
Creators: name: Hujeirat, A.
name: Livio, M.
name: Camenzind, M.
name: Burkert, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Based on theoretical arguments and quasi-stationary radiative MHD calculations, a model for an accretion-powered jet is presented. It is argued that accretion disks around BHs consist of 1) a cold, Keplerian-rotating and weakly magnetized mediumin the outer part, 2) a highly advective and turbulent-free plasma inside $r_\mm{tr}=10-20$ Schwarzschild radii, where magnetic fields are predominantly of large scale topology and in excess of thermal equipartition, and 3) an ion-dominated torus in the vicinity of the hole, where magnetic fields undergo a topological change into a monopole like-configuration. The action of magnetic fields interior to $r_\mm{tr}$ is to initiate torsional {\Alfven} waves that extract angular momentum from the disk-plasma and deposit it into the transition layer (-TL) above the disk, where the plasma is dissipative and tenuous. A significant fraction of the shear-generated toroidal magnetic field reconnects in the TL, thereby heating the plasma up to the virial-temperature and forming a super-Keplerian rotating, and hence centrifugally accelerated outflow. The strong magnetic field in the TL forces the electrons to cool rapidly yielding thereby an ion-dominated outflow. The toroidal magnetic field in the TL is in thermal equipartition with the ions, whereas the poloidal component is in equipartition with the electrons. Such a strong toroidal magnetic field is essential for increasing the jet-disk luminosity in the radio regime.
description: 27 pages, 10 figures
title: Crénobalnéothérapie au Brésil : réflexions
title: Crenobalneotherapy in Brazil : reflexions
Creators: name: Hellmann, Fernando
name: Denez, Karen
Publisher: name: Société Française de Médecine thermale
Year: 2014

description: L’article aborde la crénobalnéothérapie au Brésil en mettant en relief le lien avec le domaine de la santé. Il commence par un court historique pour y étudier ensuite la crénobalnéothérapie au sein de la santé publique. On y présente les études faites dans ce domaine. Les particularités des eaux thermales et minérales et les stations thermales brésiliennes sont présentées. Finalement, on y expose certains défis et enjeux du thermalisme dans le pays.
description: The article discusses crenobalneotherapy in Brazil, with special focus on the health field. It begins with a brief history of spa medicine in the country. It contextualizes crenobalneotherapy in public health. It presents studies made in this field. The peculiarities of thermal and mineral waters and spas in Brazil are presented. Finally, some of the challenges of spa medicine in the country are exposed.
Can magnetized turbulence set the mass scale of stars?
Creators: name: Guszejnov, David
name: Grudić, Michael Y.
name: Hopkins, Philip F.
name: Offner, Stella S. R.
name: Faucher-Giguère, Claude-André
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Understanding the evolution of self-gravitating, isothermal, magnetized gas is crucial for star formation, as these physical processes have been postulated to set the initial mass function (IMF). We present a suite of isothermal magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) simulations using the GIZMO code, that resolve the formation of individual stars in giant molecular clouds (GMCs), spanning a range of Mach numbers found in observed GMCs. As in past works, the mean and median stellar masses are sensitive to numerical resolution, because they are sensitive to low-mass stars that contribute a vanishing fraction of the overall stellar mass. The {\em mass-weighted} median stellar mass $M_\mathrm{50}$ becomes insensitive to resolution once turbulent fragmentation is well-resolved. Without imposing Larson-like scaling laws, our simulations find $M_\mathrm{50} \propto M_\mathrm{0} \mathcal{M}^{-3} α_\mathrm{turb} \mathrm{SFE}^{1/3}$ for GMC mass $M_\mathrm{0}$, sonic Mach number $\mathcal{M}$, virial parameter $α_\mathrm{turb}$, and star formation efficiency $\mathrm{SFE}=M_\mathrm{\star}/M_\mathrm{0}$. This fit agrees well with previous IMF results from the RAMSES, ORION2, and SphNG codes. Although $M_\mathrm{50}$ has no significant dependence on the magnetic field strength at the cloud scale, MHD is necessary to prevent a fragmentation cascade that results in non-convergent stellar masses. For initial conditions and SFE similar to star-forming GMCs in our Galaxy, we predict $M_\mathrm{50}$ to be $>20 M_{\odot}$, an order of magnitude larger than observed ($\sim 2 M_\odot$), together with an excess of brown dwarfs. Moreover, $M_\mathrm{50}$ is sensitive to initial cloud properties and evolves strongly in time within a given cloud, predicting much larger IMF variations than are observationally allowed. We conclude that physics beyond MHD turbulence and gravity are necessary ingredients for the IMF.
description: Note that this version has erratum at the end (does not affect results) 18 pages, 17 figures
Great Lakes Diatoms website
Creators: name: Pappas, Janice
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: diatom taxonomy
subject: diatom morphology
subject: diatom genus
subject: diatom species
subject: diatom identification
subject: Great Lakes
subject: Natural Resources and Environment
subject: Science

description: To reach the Great Lakes Diatom website, the URL is https://public.websites.umich.edu/~phytolab/GreatLakesDiatomHomePage/top.html.
description: On November 27, 1995, the Great Lakes Diatoms website was published at the University of Michigan. At the time, I was tasked with constructing the website based on Dr. Stoermer’s card file system of Great Lakes diatom taxa identified and studied in his laboratory for over 25 years. I was one of Dr. Stoermer’s graduate students, and subsequently, was a research scientist at the University of Michigan for many years where I studied diatoms and limnology as well. Some of the diatom taxa in the website are unique to the Great Lakes, while others are found worldwide. The website is a compendium of Great Lakes diatom digital images and associated morphological and locality data that has been valuable to limnologists, taxonomists, systematists, phylogeneticists as well as citizen scientists and the public. Such information is an aid in furthering our understanding of diatoms as an important component of Great Lakes food webs and ecosystems. Because diatoms are important in biogeochemical cycles and carbon sequestration, they have been called one of the “directors of our future.” Diatoms play an important role as environmental indicators in water systems, and water quality assessment is dependent on diatom taxonomic status, so that the Great Lakes Diatoms website provides an avenue toward this goal.
Standing is associated with insulin sensitivity in adults with metabolic syndrome
Creators: name: Garthwaite, Taru
name: Sjöros, Tanja
name: Koivumäki, Mikko
name: Laine, Saara
name: Vähä-Ypyä, Henri
name: Saarenhovi, Maria
name: Kallio, Petri
name: Löyttyniemi, Eliisa
name: Sievänen, Harri
name: Houttu, Noora
name: Laitinen, Kirsi
name: Kalliokoski, Kari
name: Vasankari, Tommi
name: Knuuti, Juhani
name: Heinonen, Ilkka
Publisher: name: The Health & Fitness Journal of Canada
Year: 2022

description: Background: Physical activity (PA) is a determinant of insulin sensitivity. It is more unclear how sedentary behavior (SB) and patterns of SB associate with insulin sensitivity. Purpose: To determine how SB, breaks in sitting, standing, PA, and fitness are associated with insulin sensitivity in adults with metabolic syndrome. Methods: Sixty-four sedentary adults with metabolic syndrome (mean age 58 years; 37 women) were included. SB, breaks in sitting, standing, and PA were measured for four weeks with accelerometers. VO2max was measured with maximal cycle ergometry. Insulin sensitivity was determined by hyperinsulinaemic-euglycaemic clamp (M-value) and fasting blood sampling (HOMA-IR, insulin). Multivariable regression was used for analyses. Results: Sedentary time, standing, steps, and VO2max were associated with M-value, HOMA-IR, and insulin, while breaks in sitting associated only with M-value. When adjusted for body fat %, only standing remained significantly associated with HOMA-IR and insulin, and significance was maintained even when further adjusted for PA, SB, and fitness (all p-values <0.05). Light and moderate-to-vigorous PA were not associated with insulin sensitivity. Conclusions: Standing is associated with insulin sensitivity markers in sedentary adults. The associations of standing with HOMA-IR and insulin are independent of adiposity, PA, SB, and fitness. Further studies are warranted, but these findings encourage replacing sitting with standing for potential improvements in insulin sensitivity in adults at increased type 2 diabetes risk. Funding: Academy of Finland, Finnish Cultural Foundation, Finnish Diabetes Research Foundation, Hospital District of Southwest Finland, Juho Vainio Foundation.
description: The Health & Fitness Journal of Canada, Vol. 14 No. 3 (2021): Proceedings from the 8th International Society for Physical Activity and Health Congress
Some aspects of the reproductive biology of Rita rita (Hamilton)
Creators: name: Amin, M. R.
name: Mollah, M. F. A.
name: Nasrin, S.
name: Sayeed, M. A.
name: Amin, M. R.
name: Mollah, M. F. A.
name: Nasrin, S.
name: Sayeed, M. A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: Productivity Analysis
subject: Reproductive biology
subject: Gonado-somatic index
subject: Gravimetric
subject: Fecundity
subject: Linear

description: Some aspects of the reproductive biology of riverine catfish rita, Rita rita (Ham.) were studied from January to December, 2006. Gonado-somatic index was calculated and fecundity was determined by gravimetric method. During the study period, the highest monthly average value of gonado-somatic index was observed to be 0.52±.04 for the month of July, followed by 0.43±.05 for the month of June. The lowest fecundity of 9,646 was recorded in the fish having 21.50 cm in length and 345.25g in weight. The highest fecundity of 70,200 was recorded in the fish having 41.55 cm in length and 1,350.50 g in weight. The fecundity was found to increase with the increase in total length following the equation, Y= 3,287.7X-71,984 with r = 0.97 and the fecundity was also found to increase with the increase in body weight following the equation, Y= 63.666X-14,302 with r = 0.94. It was found to increase with the increasing ovary weight following the equation, Y=13,025X+5,896.4 with r = 0.99. The relationship between fecundity and total length, body weight and ovary weight of the fish was found to be linear and significant.
Communication Cost of Quantum Processes
Creators: name: Yang, Yuxiang
name: Chiribella, Giulio
name: Hayashi, Masahito
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A common scenario in distributed computing involves a client who asks a server to perform a computation on a remote computer. An important problem is to determine the minimum amount of communication needed to specify the desired computation. Here we extend this problem to the quantum domain, analyzing the total amount of (classical and quantum) communication needed by a server in order to accurately execute a quantum process chosen by a client from a parametric family of quantum processes. We derive a general lower bound on the communication cost, establishing a relation with the precision limits of quantum metrology: if a $ν$-dimensional family of processes can be estimated with mean squared error $n^{-β}$ by using $n$ parallel queries, then the communication cost for $n$ parallel executions of a process in the family is at least $(βν/2-ε)\log n$ qubits at the leading order in $n$, for every $ε>0$. For a class of quantum processes satisfying the standard quantum limit ($β=1$), we show that the bound can be attained by transmitting an approximate classical description of the desired process. For quantum processes satisfying the Heisenberg limit ($β=2$), our bound shows that the communication cost is at least twice as the cost of communicating standard quantum limited processes with the same number of parameters.
description: 9 pages, 4 figures plus appendix; published version
A new analysis of $πK$ scattering from Roy and Steiner type equations
Creators: name: Büttiker, P.
name: Descotes-Genon, S.
name: Moussallam, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: With the aim of generating new constraints on the OZI suppressed couplings of chiral perturbation theory a set of six equations of the Roy and Steiner type for the $S$- and $P$-waves of the $πK$ scattering amplitudes is derived. The range of validity and the multiplicity of the solutions are discussed. Precise numerical solutions are obtained in the range $E\lapprox 1$ GeV which make use as input, for the first time, of the most accurate experimental data available at $E > 1$ GeV for both $πK\toπK$ and $ππ\to K\bar{K}$ amplitudes. Our main result is the determination of a narrow allowed region for the two S-wave scattering lengths. Present experimental data below 1 GeV are found to be in generally poor agreement with our results. A set of threshold expansion parameters, as well as sub-threshold parameters are computed. For the latter, matching with the SU(3) chiral expansion at NLO is performed.
description: 45 pages, 17 figures. v2: New title, minor corrections
Hardness of equations over finite solvable groups under the exponential time hypothesis
Creators: name: Weiß, Armin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computational Complexity (cs.CC)
subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: F.2.2; G.2.m
subject: 20D60, 68Q17, 20D10

description: Goldmann and Russell (2002) initiated the study of the complexity of the equation satisfiability problem in finite groups by showing that it is in P for nilpotent groups while it is NP-complete for non-solvable groups. Since then, several results have appeared showing that the problem can be solved in polynomial time in certain solvable groups of Fitting length two. In this work, we present the first lower bounds for the equation satisfiability problem in finite solvable groups: under the assumption of the exponential time hypothesis, we show that it cannot be in P for any group of Fitting length at least four and for certain groups of Fitting length three. Moreover, the same hardness result applies to the equation identity problem.
Success factors of BKB and BRDB poverty reduction poultry development program - A case study
Creators: name: Mia, M. I. A.
name: Peter, J. I.
name: Mia, M. I. A.
name: Peter, J. I.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: Productivity Analysis
subject: Poultry entrepreneurship
subject: Economic success
subject: Productive asset building
subject: Success factors

description: The study was conducted to measure improvement in socio-economic indicators along with factors of ten successful poultry entrepreneuring households with the help of credit and training provided by BKB and BRDB at Gazipur and Mymensingh districts. Of these cases 4 farms (40%) were under BKB and 6 farms (60%) under BRDB. The study revealed that annual income per layer and broiler farming households under BKB increased from Tk.81900/- to Tk.94750/- and Tk.47850/- to Tk.52500/-. Annual income per layer and broiler farming households under BRDB increased from Tk.102550/- to Tk.115000/- and from Tk.56550/- to Tk.73755/- along with increase of substantial amount of savings. Each household under BKB and BRDB possessed productive assets worth Tk.19150/- and Tk.26166/- respectively. Each household under BKB and BRDB possessed non productive assets worth Tk.34500/- and Tk.26075/-. Several economic, physical, human, social and geographical and environmental factors contributed to the success of the households. Some factors were highly advantageous and some were moderately advantageous for the success. Availability of institutional credit was highly advantageous for about 67% layer farming households and 71% broiler farming households. Profitable enterprise was highly advantageous for all the households. Marketing facilities of eggs and culled birds were highly advantageous for all layer farms and supply of chick and feed and marketing facilities of broiler birds were highly advantageous for 71%, 71% and cent percent broiler farms respectively. Nearness to locations of hatchery, road side, and market and capital city played an important role for their success too. Government institutions with suffiently increased capital and training supports could be a way of poverty reduction strategy for Bangladesh.
Norma ERG BR 3007 - Estabelece os Critérios para a Certificação do Ergonomista Pesquisador
Creators: name: ABERGO
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: ABERGO
SisCEB
Certificação de Ergonomistas

description: Norma ERG BR 3007 Estabelece os Critérios para a Certificação do Ergonomista Pesquisador
 Aprovada na Reunião da Câmara Técnica de Certificação [27 a 29 de Setembro de 2017 | Porto Alegre].
Aberranta sulcata Hartman 1965
Creators: name: Salazar-Vallejo, Sergio I.
name: Carrera-Parra, Luis F.
name: Muir, Alexander I.
name: León-González, Jesús Angel De
name: Piotrowski, Christina
name: Sato, Masanori
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Annelida
Polychaeta
Eunicida
Aberrantidae
Aberranta

description: Aberranta Hartman, 1965 sulcata Mackie, Pleijel & Rouse, 2005: Hong Kong. NMW 1989.117.46, 1989.117.47–50
description: Published as part of Salazar-Vallejo, Sergio I., Carrera-Parra, Luis F., Muir, Alexander I., León-González, Jesús Angel De, Piotrowski, Christina & Sato, Masanori, 2014, Polychaete species (Annelida) described from the Philippine and China Seas, pp. 1-68 in Zootaxa 3842 (1) on page 9, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3842.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4928482
Impact assessment of integrated farming at farming system research site
Creators: name: Hossain, M. A.
name: Rahman, M. S.
name: Hasan, M. R.
name: Hossain, M. Akhtar
name: Hossain, M. A.
name: Rahman, M. S.
name: Hasan, M. R.
name: Hossain, M. Akhtar
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Farm Management
subject: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
subject: Impact
subject: Integrated Farming
subject: Adoption

description: The study was initiated at FSR site Narikeli, Jamalpur to assess the impact of the technologies given to the FSR sites of OFRD of BARI. The findings of the study suggested ,that the recommended technologies were profitable. MBCR was found to be greater than two for all the recommended technologies. Technologies like crop production, homestead farming, livestock and fisheries also created employment opportunity to the family members. The overall SPIS was found to be 78.33 percent indicating overall change in socio-economic status of the sample farmers. The adoption of BARI technologies varied from medium to very low level.
Sedentary behavior and physical activity are associated with endothelial dysfunction and low-grade inflammation
Creators: name: Vandercappellen, Evelien
name: Koster, Annemarie
name: Savelberg, Hans
name: Eussen, Simone
name: Dagnelie, Pieter
name: Schaper, Nicolaas
name: Schram, Miranda
name: Van Der Kallen, Carla
name: Van Greevenbroek, Marleen
name: Wesselius, Anke
name: Schalkwijk, Casper
name: Kroon, Abraham
name: Henry, Ronald
name: Stehouwer, Coen
Publisher: name: The Health & Fitness Journal of Canada
Year: 2022

description: Background: Endothelial dysfunction and low-grade inflammation are important in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease and can potentially be modified by physical activity and sedentary behavior and may be especially prominent in type 2 diabetes. Purpose: To study the relationship between physical activity and sedentary behavior on the one hand and endothelial dysfunction and low-grade inflammation on the other. Specifically, the influence of prediabetes and type 2 diabetes. Methods: In the population-based Maastricht Study (n=2363, 28.3% type 2 diabetes) we determined biomarkers of endothelial dysfunction and low-grade inflammation and combined z-score were calculated. Physical activity and sedentary behavior were measured by activPAL. Linear regression analyses were used with adjustment for demographic, lifestyle and cardiovascular risk factors. Results: The association between total, light, moderate-to-vigorous and vigorous physical activity and sedentary time on the one hand and endothelial dysfunction on the other were generally significant and were consistently stronger in prediabetes and type 2 diabetes as compared to normal glucose metabolism status (p-interaction<0.05). Associations between physical activity and sedentary behavior on the one hand and low-grade inflammation on the other were also significant and were similar in individuals with and without (pre)diabetes (p-interaction>0.05). Conclusions: Physical activity and sedentary behavior are associated with endothelial dysfunction and low-grade inflammation. For endothelial dysfunction, associations between physical activity and sedentary behavior were consistently stronger in (pre)diabetes than in normal glucose metabolism. Funding Sources: ERDF, PoL, SDW, PSID, CVC, CARIM, CAPHRI, NUTRIM, SA, HFL, JCBV, NNF, SAN, EFSD/AstraZeneca.
description: The Health & Fitness Journal of Canada, Vol. 14 No. 3 (2021): Proceedings from the 8th International Society for Physical Activity and Health Congress
Combined minivalley and layer control in twisted double bilayer graphene
Creators: name: de Vries, Folkert K.
name: Zhu, Jihang
name: Portoles, Elias
name: Zheng, Giulia
name: Masseroni, Michele
name: Kurzmann, Annika
name: Taniguchi, Takashi
name: Watanabe, Kenji
name: MacDonald, Allan H.
name: Ensslin, Klaus
name: Ihn, Thomas
name: Rickhaus, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Control over minivalley polarization and interlayer coupling is demonstrated in double bilayer graphene twisted with an angle of 2.37$^\circ$. This intermediate angle is small enough for the minibands to form and large enough such that the charge carrier gases in the layers can be tuned independently. Using a dual-gated geometry we identify and control all possible combinations of minivalley polarization via the population of the two bilayers. An applied displacement field opens a band gap in either of the two bilayers, allowing us to even obtain full minivalley polarization. In addition, the wavefunctions of the minivalleys are mixed by tuning through a Lifshitz transition, where the Fermi surface topology changes. The high degree of control makes twisted double bilayer graphene a promising platform for valleytronics devices such as valley valves, filters and logic gates.
description: Supplemental Material included in PDF
Global Theory of Quantum Boundary Conditions and Topology Change
Creators: name: Asorey, M.
name: Ibort, A.
name: Marmo, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the global theory of boundary conditions for a constrained quantum system with classical configuration space a compact Riemannian manifold $M$ with regular boundary $Γ=\partial M$. The space $\CM$ of self-adjoint extensions of the covariant Laplacian on $M$ is shown to have interesting geometrical and topological properties which are related to the different topological closures of $M$. In this sense, the change of topology of $M$ is connected with the non-trivial structure of $\CM$. The space $\CM$ itself can be identified with the unitary group $\CU(L^2(Γ,\C^N))$ of the Hilbert space of boundary data $L^2(Γ,\C^N)$. A particularly interesting family of boundary conditions, identified as the set of unitary operators which are singular under the Cayley transform, $\CC_-\cap \CC_+$ (the Cayley manifold), turns out to play a relevant role in topology change phenomena. The singularity of the Cayley transform implies that some energy levels, usually associated with edge states, acquire an infinity energy when by an adiabatic change the boundary condition reaches the Cayley submanifold $\CC_-$. In this sense topological transitions require an infinite amount of quantum energy to occur, although the description of the topological transition in the space $\CM$ is smooth. This fact has relevant implications in string theory for possible scenarios with joint descriptions of open and closed strings. In the particular case of elliptic self--adjoint boundary conditions, the space $\CC_-$ can be identified with a Lagrangian submanifold of the infinite dimensional Grassmannian. The corresponding Cayley manifold $\CC_-$ is dual of the Maslov class of $\CM$.
description: 29 pages, 2 figures, harvmac