cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Convection under internal waves in a mountain lake
Creators: name: van Haren, Hans
name: Dijkstra, Henk A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Turbulent mixing processes in deep alpine Lake Garda (I) have not extensively been observed. Knowledge about drivers of turbulent fluxes are important for insights in the transport of matter, nutrients and pollutants, in the lake and in natural water bodies in general. In this paper, the occurrence of internal wave induced turbulent convection is addressed as opposed to the more common shear-induced turbulence in a density stratified environment. Observations are analyzed from a dedicated yearlong mooring holding 100 high-resolution temperature sensors at 1.5 m intervals under a single current meter in the deeper half of the 344 m deep lake-center. Episodically, the weakly density stratified waters in the lower 50 m above the lake floor show spectral slope and coherence evidence of short-term (15 to 30 minutes) convective motions under internal waves that are supported by the stronger stratified waters above. The near-homogeneous conditions are not attributable to frictional Ekman dynamics, but to large-scale internal wave crests.
description: 19 pages, 4 figures
Additional file 2 of The design and development of technology platforms in a developing country healthcare context from an ecosystem perspective
Creators: name: Herman, Hilde
name: Grobbelaar, Sara S.
name: Calie Pistorius
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 2. Overview Canvas. The Overview Canvas has three functions. Firstly, the focus of the Overview Canvas is to show how these two dimensions overlap and thereby give an overview of the framework content. The Overview Canvas therefore comprises the platform development parts as the rows and the ecosystem actors as the columns. At the intersection of the two dimensions, the canvas includes the relevant categories and subcategories from the Ecosystem Canvasses. These primary and secondary categories highlight important considerations at each respective intersection point. Secondly, the Overview Canvas acts as a reference guide by which the platform owner can navigate through the remainder of the framework. An example is illustrated in Figure 98: if the focus is specifically on the end user (column 3) and the platform and governance design part (row 3), the Overview Canvas can be used to guide the platform owner where to focus his attention within the framework canvasses for more information. Figure 98 indicates the intersection point (dotted red) on the Overview Canvas and how it refers the framework user to the correct ecosystem canvas categories. Thirdly, the Overview Canvas can also be used to understand platform design, development and implementation on a high level. The primary and secondary categories on this canvas were selected to be descriptive in order to provide understanding on a high level. By understanding the two dimensions and their intersection points, the platform owner can potentially develop his own, customised breakdown of these primary and secondary categories. The platform owner therefore does not have to be limited to the category breakdown given in the remainder of the framework. Following this Overview Canvas are the dimension one Ecosystem Canvasses.
DIE GESUNDHEIT AM ARBEITSPLATZ IN DER LANDWIRTSCHAFT: WO LIEGEN DIE BELASTUNGEN, WIE WIRD DIE ARBEIT ERLEICHTERT UND DIE GESUNDHEIT GEFÖRDERT?
Creators: name: Knoop, Mira
name: Theuvsen, Ludwig
name: Knoop, Mira
name: Theuvsen, Ludwig
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Health Economics and Policy
subject: Arbeitsbelastung
subject: Arbeitserleichterung
subject: Gesundheit am Arbeitsplatz
subject: Gesundheitsmanagement

description: Die Landwirtschaft ist durch körperlich beanspruchende Tätigkeiten gekennzeichnet. Zwar hat die Mechanisierung in den letzten Jahrzehnten für erhebliche Arbeitserleichterungen ge-sorgt, doch nicht in allen Bereichen ist eine ausreichende Mechanisierung technisch zu reali-sieren oder, z.B. bedingt durch eine zu geringe Betriebsgröße, rentabel. Die mit nicht-mecha-nisierten Arbeitsabläufen einhergehenden körperlichen Belastungen können sich positiv auf die körperliche Fitness auswirken, jedoch auch erhebliche gesundheitliche Beeinträchtigun-gen hervorrufen. Hinzu kommt eine Vielzahl von Verletzungsgefahren, unter anderem auf-grund des Umgangs mit Tieren, chemischen Stoffen und Maschinen. Des Weiteren sind Landwirte täglich an ihrem Arbeitsplatz einem erheblichen Stress ausgesetzt. Da gerade in der Landwirtschaft das Arbeiten über das gesetzliche Renteneintrittsalter hinaus fast als Standard anzusehen und das Durchschnittsalter der Arbeitskräfte relativ hoch ist, besitzt ein betriebli-ches Gesundheitsmanagement eine hohe Bedeutung. Bislang ist wenig über die Belastungssi-tuation in der Landwirtschaft, einzelbetriebliche Maßnahmen, die die Arbeit in der Landwirt-schaft erleichtern und die Gesundheit der Arbeitskräfte fördern, sowie das Verständnis der Landwirte von einem betrieblichen Gesundheitsmanagement bekannt. Um diese Forschungs-lücke zu schließen, wurde eine Online-Umfrage bei 354 Landwirten durchgeführt. Die Ergeb-nisse zeigen, dass sich die deutschen Landwirte überwiegend mit Fragen des Gesundheitsma-nagements beschäftigen; das Hauptaugenmerk liegt dabei auf der körperlichen Gesundheit. 80 % der Befragten identifizieren die hohe Arbeitsintensität als bedeutsame Krankheitsursa-che; rund 73 % nennen die politischen und gesetzlichen Rahmenbedingungen als eigenen Be-lastungsfaktor. In der Tierhaltung werden von fast 70 % der befragten Betrieben arbeitser-leichternde Maßnahmen genutzt, im Weinbau, im Ackerbau, bei der Erzeugung erneuerbarer Energien sowie im Anbau von Obst und Gemüse liegt die Nutzung zwischen 80 % und 85 %, im Wald bei fast 60 % und bei den Bürotätigkeiten bei etwa 75 %. Während einige Befragte die Relevanz eines betrieblichen Gesundheitsmanagements nicht sehen, haben andere die Förderung der Gesundheit nicht nur für sich selbst als wichtig, sondern auch in ihrer Bedeu-tung als Managementinstrument für die Arbeitskräftesicherung erkannt. Die empirischen Er-gebnisse verdeutlichen Ansatzpunkte für die Weiterentwicklung des betrieblichen Manage-ments sowie der landwirtschaftlichen Beratung.
Probing neutral top-pion via a flavor-changing process $γγ\to t\bar{c}Π_{t}^{0}$
Creators: name: Wang, Xuelei
name: Li, Bingzhong
name: Yang, Yueling
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the framework of topcolor-assisted-technicolor model(TC2), we study a flavor-changing neutral top-pion production process $γγ\to t\bar{c}Π_{t}^{0}$. The study shows that there exists a resonance effect which can enhance the cross section up to a few fb even tens fb. For a yearly luminosity 100 $fb^{-1}$ at future linear colliders, there might be hundreds even thousands events to be produced. On the other hand, the background of such flavor-changing process is very clean due to the GIM mechanism in SM . With such sufficient events and clean background, neutral toppion could be detected at future linear colliders with high center of energy and luminosity. Our study provides a possible way to test TC2 model.
description: 10 pages, 4 figures,has been accepted by Phys.Rev.D
DER EINFLUSS VON FLÄCHENKONZENTRATION UND -DISPARITÄT AUF DIE BODENRICHTWERTE VON ACKERFLÄCHEN – THÜRINGEN, RHEINLAND-PFALZ UND NORDRHEIN-WESTFALEN IM VERGLEICH
Creators: name: Back, Hans
name: Lehn, Friederike
name: Bahrs, Enno
name: Back, Hans
name: Lehn, Friederike
name: Bahrs, Enno
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Flächenkonzentration
subject: Bodenpreise
subject: Grundstückverkehrsrecht
subject: Allgemeines räumliches Modell
subject: Bodenmarktregulierung

description: Steigende Bodenpreise, vermehrte Aktivitäten nichtlandwirtschaftlicher Investoren und der allgemeine Strukturwandel werden als Gründe für die Notwendigkeit eines stärkeren Eingreifens des Staates in den Bodenmarkt genannt und sollen in einigen Bundesländern in Zukunft durch ein verschärftes Grundstückverkehrsrecht begrenzt werden. Zu den geplanten Maßnahmen zählen auch Zugangsbeschränkungen für Kauf- und Pachtinteressenten mit bereits überdurchschnittlich hohen Marktanteilen in regionalen Bodenmärkten. In diesem Beitrag untersuchen wir, wie Disparität und Konzentration der Flächenbewirtschaftung zusammen mit weiteren Einflussfaktoren auf die Bodenrichtwerte für Ackerland wirken, um daraus Empfehlungen für agrar- bzw. bodenpolitische Maßnahmen abzuleiten. Dabei berücksichtigen wir räumliche Autokorrelationen in einem hedonischen Preismodell auf Ebene der Gemeinden. Trotz unterschiedlichem Niveau der Flächenkonzentration bestätigt sich deren negativer Einfluss auf den Bodenrichtwert für die Bundesländer Thüringen, Rheinland-Pfalz und Nordrhein-Westfalen. Die Ergebnisse legen nahe, dass größere landwirtschaftliche Unternehmen ihre Nachfragemacht nutzen können, um niedrigere Preise durchzusetzen (Oligopson). Die durchschnittlich kleineren landwirtschaftlichen Unternehmen und höhere Preise relativieren in Rheinland-Pfalz und Nordrhein-Westfalen jedoch die Bedeutung von Konzentration im Vergleich zur Situation in Thüringen. Konzentration ist mit hedonischen Preismodellen nachweisbar und führt zu (politisch erwünschten) gedämpften Preissteigerungen. Allerdings kann sie wettbewerbsrechtlichen Zielsetzungen widersprechen. Eine Berücksichtigung von Marktmacht im Rahmen veränderter Bodenmarktregulierungen kann sinnvoll sein. Allerdings bleibt fraglich, ob landesweit einheitlich formulierte Regelungen für alle Regionen sinnvoll sind.
AGRARHOLZANBAU IN DER DEUTSCHEN LANDWIRT-SCHAFT: ERGEBNISSE EINER EMPIRISCHEN ERHEBUNG
Creators: name: Beer, Lara
name: Schaper, Christian
name: Theuvsen, Ludwig
name: Beer, Lara
name: Schaper, Christian
name: Theuvsen, Ludwig
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Einstellung
subject: Agrarholz
subject: Landwirte
subject: Clusteranalyse

description: Prognosen zufolge wird es in der EU bis 2030 eine Bedarfslücke für biogene Festbrennstoffe geben, die aufgrund verschiedener Restriktionen nicht allein durch die Nutzung von „Wald-holz“ geschlossen werden kann. Laut Experten bedarf es daher zukünftig eines vermehrten Anbaus von Energieholz auf landwirtschaftlichen Flächen, um diese Bedarfslücke zu schlie-ßen. Bei der Betrachtung der aktuellen Anbauzahlen von Agrarholz wird jedoch deutlich, dass die Bereitschaft deutscher Landwirte zum Anbau bislang noch sehr gering ist. Um die poten-tielle Bereitschaft von Landwirten zum Agrarholzanbau besser einschätzen zu können und mögliche Zielgruppen für eine Ausweitung des Agrarholzanbaus in Deutschland zu identifi-zieren, wurde im vorliegenden Beitrag eine deutschlandweite Online-Umfrage unter 285 Landwirten durchgeführt. Die Ergebnisse der Analyse zeigen einerseits, dass Landwirte ins-gesamt eine eher ablehnende Haltung gegenüber Agrarholz vertreten, andererseits zeigen sie aber auch, dass Landwirte hinsichtlich ihrer Anbaubereitschaft nicht als homogene Gruppe verstanden werden dürfen. Mittels einer Clusteranalyse konnten fünf unterschiedliche Grup-pen von Landwirten ermittelt werden, die sich teils erheblich in ihren Einstellungen zu Agrar-holz sowie ihrer Bereitschaft, Agrarholz anzubauen, unterscheiden. Auf der Grundlage der Ergebnisse der empirischen Analyse können abschließend Handlungsempfehlungen für eine Ausweitung des Agrarholzanbaus abgeleitet werden.
Hybridization of Castor Bean (Ricinus communis L.) in Morelos, México
Creators: name: Canul Ku, J
name: Barrios-Gómez, E. J
name: Hernández-Meneses, E
name: Rangel-Estrada, S. E
name: Canul Ku, J
name: Barrios-Gómez, E. J
name: Hernández-Meneses, E
name: Rangel-Estrada, S. E
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: warm weathers
subject: livestock raising
subject: river tamarind
subject: gene resources
subject: agroecology systems.

description: Objective: To determine the stigma receptivity and the pollen viability in order to make manual crosses and obtain viable progeny in castor bean (Ricinus communis L.). Design/Methodology/Approach: Pollen viability tests were made on breeding materials by staining with acetocarmine solution. In elite materials, the receptivity of the stigma was evaluated with hydrogen peroxide. From the inflorescences, the male ones were removed and the female ones were preserved, which were covered with a glassine bag. After six days, they were checked and when they were considered receptive, manual pollinations were carried out between viable pollen materials and receptive stigma. The pollen of the male parent was impregnated in the stigmas and the inflorescence was covered again. Results: The breeding materials exhibited viable pollen since they were stained red. Whereas, the application of hydrogen peroxide to the stigmas of the elite materials showed bubbling, indicative that they were receptive. In 2014, 400 inflorescences were pollinated with 8 flowers on average and a fruit pollinated percentage of 61.21. In 2015, 245 inflorescences with 12 flowers on average and 61.24% of fruit were pollinated. Study Limitations/Implications: Temperature and relative humidity were fundamental factors for the success of castor bean fertilization. Findings/Conclusions: The elite castor bean materials presented receptive stigmas and the improved viable pollen materials. Manual crosses produced fruits and seeds. The fruits pollinated were 61%.
ÖKONOMISCHE BEWERTUNG VON LOW-INPUT-GENOTYPEN UNTER DER BERÜCKSICHTIGUNG VON KOSTENEINSPARUNGSEFFEKTEN FÜR FUNGIZIDE
Creators: name: Ryll, Johannes
name: Wagner, Peter
name: Ryll, Johannes
name: Wagner, Peter
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Pflanzenzüchtung
subject: Kosteneinsparungseffekte
subject: ökonomische Schadschwelle
subject: Fungizid, Risiko-analyse

description: Durch die Betonung ökologischer Aspekte in der europäischen Agrarpolitik steigt die Bedeu-tung ressourceneffizienter Genotypen mit erhöhter Widerstandsfähigkeit gegen abiotische und biotische Stressfaktoren. Eine Möglichkeit zur Senkung negativer Externalitäten bietet die Re-sistenzzüchtung durch Erschließung neuer genetischer Ressourcen bislang ungenutzter Wildar-ten. Im Rahmen einer ökonomischen Bewertung der beiden Wildgerstenintrogressions-Popula-tion S42IL und HEB-25 des Forschungsprojektes BARLEY BIODIVERSITY, wird in diesem Beitrag das wirtschaftliche und ökologische Potenzial widerstandfähiger Genotypen aufge-zeigt. Anhand der fungizidkostenfreien Leistung konnten unter Verwendung des Prinzips der ökonomischen Schadwelle aus den Testgenotypen züchterisch und wirtschaftlich wertvolle Low-Input-Genotypen identifiziert werden. Diese sind im Gegensatz zu den unter gleichen Ver-suchsbedingungen getesteten Standardanbausorten dadurch charakterisiert, dass die individu-elle ökonomische Schadschwelle für den rentablen Einsatz von Fungiziden nicht überschritten wird. Aufgrund einer höheren Ertragsstabilität im Anbausystem ohne Fungizide kann bei diesen Neuzüchtungen auf eine Fungizid-Behandlung verzichtet werden, was zur Reduzierung der va-riablen Kosten führt. Der monetäre Erlösverlust, der gegenüber den Standardsorten als Folge der geringeren Anbauintensität entsteht, kann teilweise durch den Kosteneinsparungseffekt kompensiert werden, sodass Rentabilitätssteigerungen zwischen 22 und 77 €/ha nachgewiesen werden konnten. Landwirten und Pflanzenzüchtern wird durch die Ergebnisse dieser Untersu-chung die betriebswirtschaftliche Bedeutung widerstandsfähiger Genotypen mit mittlerer Er-tragsleistung im Vergleich zu ertragreicheren, aber anfälligeren Sorten vergegenwärtigt.
Software Defect Prediction with Design Metrics on NASA Dataset - Case Study Results
Creators: name: Özakıncı, Rana
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: NASA MDP
defect prediction

description: Within the scope of the case study, different ML-based models were constructed and applied on NASA dataset by using WEKA tool with the version of 3.8.5. The classifiers used for the experiments are summarized below: Artificial Neural Network (ANN): weka.classifiers.functions.MultilayerPerceptron Bayesian Belief Network (BBN): weka.classifiers.bayes.BayesNet Decision Tree (DT): weka.classifiers.trees.REPTree Fuzzy Rule Based (FRBC): weka.classifiers.rules.MultiObjectiveEvolutionaryFuzzyClassifier Logistic Regressin (LogR): weka.classifiers.functions.SimpleLogistic Naïve Bayes (NB): weka.classifiers.bayes.NaiveBayes Support Vector Machines (SVM): weka.classifiers. functions.LibLINEAR A 10-fold cross-validation approach was adopted in the training and testing stages of the classifiers. Cross-validation operations were run 10 times for different random segments, resulting in a total of 100 iterations. We reported both AUC and time-to-train values in order to benchmark the classifiers with regard to our research questions. The resulted values can be accessed through txt files.
Additional file 1 of The design and development of technology platforms in a developing country healthcare context from an ecosystem perspective
Creators: name: Herman, Hilde
name: Grobbelaar, Sara S.
name: Calie Pistorius
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1. Pre-use Canvas. This canvas aims to guide the platform owner through establishing the profile for his own platform. Four platform profile factors were found to influence the approach towards the framework: (1) the platform type, (2) whether the platform is an internal or external platform, (3) the platform distribution channels and (4) the application industry of the platform.
Leading hadronic contribution to the muon magnetic moment from lattice QCD
Creators: name: Borsanyi, Sz.
name: Fodor, Z.
name: Guenther, J. N.
name: Hoelbling, C.
name: Katz, S. D.
name: Lellouch, L.
name: Lippert, T.
name: Miura, K.
name: Parato, L.
name: Szabo, K. K.
name: Stokes, F.
name: Toth, B. C.
name: Torok, Cs.
name: Varnhorst, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compute the leading order hadronic vacuum polarization (LO-HVP) contribution to the anomalous magnetic moment of the muon, $(g_μ-2)$, using lattice QCD. Calculations are performed with four flavors of 4-stout-improved staggered quarks, at physical quark masses and at six values of the lattice spacing down to 0.064~fm. All strong isospin breaking and electromagnetic effects are accounted for to leading order. The infinite-volume limit is taken thanks to simulations performed in volumes of sizes up to 11~fm. Our result for the LO-HVP contribution to $(g_μ-2)$ has a total uncertainty of 0.8\%. Compared to the result of the dispersive approach for this contribution, ours significantly reduces the tension between the standard model prediction for $(g_μ-2)$ and its measurement.
description: Accepted for publication. 116 pages, 34 figures with main, methods and supplementary information. v2: added finite time extent corrections, analyzed new configurations and included suggestions from the community (regarding the continuum limit, scale setting and running of the fine structure constant). v3: revised analysis to take into account referees' comments. Original conclusions unchanged
NEUE ERKENNTNISSE ZUR MILCHVIEHHALTUNG UNTER ZUKÜNFTIG RESTRIKTIVEREN RAHMENBEDINGUNGEN
Creators: name: Spörri, Martina
name: Hoop, Daniel
name: Heer, Ines
name: Spörri, Martina
name: Hoop, Daniel
name: Heer, Ines
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Agrarmanagement
subject: Schweizerische Agrarpolitik
subject: Trinkwasserschutz
subject: Betriebstypisierung
subject: Clusteranalyse.

description: Ändernde politische, wirtschaftliche und gesellschaftliche Rahmenbedingungen fordern eine wettbewerbsfähigere und gleichzeitig nachhaltigere Milchviehhaltung. Eine fundierte Folgen-abschätzung dieser Veränderungen, wie sie zum Beispiel während einer politischen Entscheidungsfindung erwünscht wird, ist jedoch erst nach einer Aufschlüsselung der Heterogenität unter den Milchviehbetrieben möglich. Mittels einer auf betrieblichen Buchhaltungsdaten basierenden Clusteranalyse konnten die Autoren zwei Betriebstypen mit eher extensiven Produktionsstrategien sowie vier Betriebstypen mit eher intensiven Produktionsstrategien identifizieren. Während die extensiven Strategien wirtschaftlich erfolg-reich sind, können die intensiven Strategien bis auf eine Ausnahme aus Kostengründen nicht mithalten. Keiner der Betriebstypen entspricht der durchschnittlichen Produktionsstrategie der gesamten Stichprobe. Somit kann gezeigt werden, dass der globale Durchschnitt bei großer Datenvarianz an Aussagekraft verliert.
Focusing limits of channeled high energy particles in bent crystals
Creators: name: Kovalev, Gennady V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The focusing of high energy charged particles by a bent crystal is considered. The limits and constraints of focusing imposed by dynamics of particles are pointed out. The crystalline geometry provided the maximum magnification and minimum focusing size is proposed. The focusing parameters are compared with current experimental results.
description: 8 pages, 3 pictures, 1 table
Bounds on the Horndeski Gauge-Gravity Coupling
Creators: name: Allahyari, Alireza
name: Gorji, Mohammad Ali
name: Mukohyama, Shinji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Horndeski gauge-gravity coupling is the leading non-minimal interaction between gravity and gauge bosons, and it preserves all the symmetries and the number of physical degrees of freedom of the standard model of particle physics and general relativity. In this paper we study the effects of the non-minimal interaction in astronomy and cosmology, and obtain upper bounds on the associated dimensionless coupling constant $λ$. From the modification of equations of motion of gauge bosons applied to compact astronomical objects, we find upper bounds $|λ| \lesssim 10^{88}$, $|λ| \lesssim 10^{75}$ and $|λ| \lesssim 10^{84}$ from a black hole shadow, neutron stars and white dwarfs, respectively. The bound $|λ| \lesssim 10^{75}$ that is deduced from neutron stars is the strongest and provides twenty orders of magnitude improvement of the previously known best bound on this parameter. On the other hand, the effects of this term on modification of the gravitational Poisson equation lead to a weaker bound $|λ| \lesssim 10^{98}$. From the propagation of gravitational waves we also find $|λ| \lesssim 10^{119}$, which is even weaker.
description: 15 pages, 1 figure, The correct value for the solar radius is used and the strongest bound, which comes from the neutron stars, is weakened by almost five orders of magnitude. The conclusion did not change
Characterization of bark, Organosolv lignins and dioxane lignins
Creators: name: Landry, Véronic
name: Abid, Liza
name: Stevanovic, Tatjana
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 340302
subject: Macromolecular materials
classificationCode: 340101
subject: Analytical spectrometry
classificationCode: 340504
subject: Organic green chemistry

description: These files contain the raw data used for calculations and graph plotting.
Magnetic Helicity Evolution During the Solar Activity Cycle: Observations and Dynamo Theory
Creators: name: Kleeorin, N.
name: Kuzanyan, K.
name: Moss, D.
name: Rogachevskii, I.
name: Sokoloff, D.
name: Zhang, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study a simple model for the solar dynamo in the framework of the Parker migratory dynamo, with a nonlinear dynamo saturation mechanism based on magnetic helicity conservation arguments. We find a parameter range in which the model demonstrates a cyclic behaviour with properties similar to that of Parker dynamo with the simplest form of algebraic alpha-quenching. We compare the nonlinear current helicity evolution in this model with data for the current helicity evolution obtained during 10 years of observations at the Huairou Solar Station of China. On one hand, our simulated data demonstrate behaviour comparable with the observed phenomenology, provided that a suitable set of governing dynamo parameters is chosen. On the other hand, the observational data are shown to be rich enough to reject some other sets of governing parameters. We conclude that, in spite of the very preliminary state of the observations and the crude nature of the model, the idea of using observational data to constrain our ideas concerning magnetic field generation in the framework of the solar dynamo appears promising.
description: 10 pages, 3 Postscript figures, uses aa.cls
PseudoH-type 2-step nilpotent Lie groups
Creators: name: Jang, C.
name: Park, K.
name: Parker, P. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53C50 primary, 22E25, 53B30, 53C30 secondary

description: PseudoH-type is a natural generalization of H-type to geometries with indefinite metric tensors. We give a complete determination of the conjugate locus including multiplicities. We also obtain a partial characterization in terms of the abundance of totally geodesic, 3-dimensional submanifolds.
description: tp+23 pp
Gracula enganensis Salvadori
Creators: name: Lecroy, Mary
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Aves
Passeriformes
Sturnidae
Gracula
Gracula enganensis

description: Gracula enganensis Salvadori
Gracula enganensis Salvadori, 1892: 137 (Engano).
Now Gracula enganensis Salvadori, 1892. See Amadon, 1962a: 119, Hoogerwerf, 1963: 155– 158, Feare and Craig, 1999: 147, Dickinson, 2003: 654, and Craig and Feare, 2009: 714.
SYNTYPES: AMNH 666757, adult male, collected at Bua-bua, Enggano Island, 05.24S, 102.16E (van Marle and Voous, 1988: 211), Indonesia, on 2 June 1891, by Elio Modigliani (no. 129); AMNH 666758, adult female, collected at Kifa-iuc, Enggano Island, Indonesia, on 6 May 1891, by Elio Modigliani (no. 13). From the Rothschild Collection.
COMMENTS: When Salvadori described G. enganensis he had 13 specimens, each denoted by a letter. The male listed above is Salvadori’s specimen ‘‘e’’ and the female is his specimen ‘‘g,’’ and they are so noted on both Modigliani’s and the Rothschild labels. The date on the male was miscopied onto the Rothschild label, the correct date being 2 June 1891. These syntypes had not previously been included in the AMNH type collection. There are also three syntypes in MSNG (Arbocco et al., 1979: 244) and one in RMNH (Dekker and Quaisser, 2006: 50).
description: Published as part of Lecroy, Mary, 2014, Type Specimens Of Birds In The American Museum Of Natural History Part 12. Passeriformes: Ploceidae, Sturnidae, Buphagidae, Oriolidae, Dicruridae, Callaeidae, Grallinidae, Corcoracidae, Artamidae, Cracticidae, Ptilonorhynchidae, Cnemophilidae, Paradisaeidae, And Corvidae, pp. 1-165 in Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 2014 (393) on page 42, DOI: 10.1206/885.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4629954
title: Effects of mixed lineage leukaemia, the human homologue of Trithorax, and its leukaemic fusion proteins in Drosophila melanogaster
Creators: name: Muyrers-Chen, Inhua Taveira
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 2002

description: Mixed Lineage Leukaemia (MLL) refers to the protein implicated in translocating with over 30 partner genes to form fusion proteins that lead to the development of acute leukaemia. MLL mediated leukaemia predominantly afflicts children under 5 years of age or younger, and is associated with very poor survival rates. Although MLL shares limited homology with the Drosophila Trithorax (TRX) protein, both MLL and TRX are speculated to alter gene expression profiles by modulating higher order chromatin structures.
The work presented here introduces Drosophila melanogaster as a supplementary model system for understanding how MLL leukaemic fusion proteins can contribute to leukemogenesis. The expression in the Drosophila system of the two most widely generated fusion proteins in leukaemic patients, MLL-AF9 and MLL-AF4, has defined pathway(s) through which the proteins may interfere with to induce fly lethality. Both fusion proteins were found to affect higher order chromatin structure by modifying the méthylation pattern of histone H3 at lysine 9. Modified higher order chromatin modulates pathways targeted by specific MLL fusion protein, suggesting that the C-terminal portion of the fusion proteins triggers this step in cell cycle deregulation. Finally, the finding that late trx lethals are also associated with similar modified higher order chromatin structures displayed by MLL fusion proteins uncovered an additional role for TRX in the late development of Drosophila.
 The results provide guidance in understanding why so many PcG and trxG members cause cancer when mutated, and suggest the existence of additional and distinct functions by PcG and trxG proteins at late development. The expression of MLL fusion proteins in Drosophila unveils relevant and concrete pathways through which particular MLL fusion proteins may act to prevent proper cell cycle progression. Put simply, this study links the targeting by MLL fusion proteins to TRX functions required for completion of late Drosophila development.
Geodesic rays of the $N$-body problem
Creators: name: Burgos, Juan Manuel
name: Maderna, Ezequiel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: For the Newtonian N-body problem, we study the Jacobi-Maupertuis metric of the nonnegative energy levels. We show that the geodesic rays are expansive, that is to say, all the distances between the bodies must be divergent functions. More precisely, we prove that the evolution of such motions asymptotically decomposes into free particles and subsystems in completely parabolic expansion. The theorem applies in particular to the maximal characteristic curves of any given global viscosity solution of the stationary Hamilton-Jacobi equation $H(x,d_xu) = h$.
description: 20 pages
The IR counterpart to the Anomalouos X-ray Pulsar 1RXS J1708-4009
Creators: name: Israel, G. L.
name: Covino, S.
name: Perna, R.
name: Mignani, R.
name: Stella, L.
name: Campana, S.
name: Marconi, G.
name: Bono, G.
name: Mereghetti, S.
name: Motch, C.
name: Negueruela, I.
name: Oosterbroek, T.
name: Angelini, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the discovery of the likely IR counterpart to the Anomalous X-ray Pulsar (AXP) 1RXS J1708-4009, based on the combination of Chandra HRC-I X-ray position, and deep optical/IR observations carried out from ESO telescopes and the Canada France Hawaii Telescope (CFHT) during 1999-2002. Within the narrow uncertainty region we found two relatively faint (K'=20.0 and K'=17.53) IR objects. Based on their color and position in the J-K' versus J-H diagram only the brighter object is consistent with the known IR properties of the counterparts to other AXPs. No variability was detected for this source, similarly to what is observed in the case of 4U 0142+614. Like in other AXPs, we found that the IR flux of 1RXSJ1708-4009 is higher then expected for a simple blackbody component extrapolated from the X-ray data. If confirmed, this object would be the fourth IR counterpart to a source of the AXP class, and would make the IR excess a likely new characteristic of AXPs.
description: ApJ Letters, in press, 5 pages and 3 figures
Detectability of Long GRB Afterglows from Very High Redshifts
Creators: name: Gou, L. J.
name: Meszaros, P.
name: Abel, T.
name: Zhang, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Gamma-ray bursts are promising tools for tracing the formation of high redshift stars, including the first generation. At very high redshifts the reverse shock emission lasts longer in the observer frame, and its importance for detection and analysis purposes relative to the forward shock increases. We consider two different models for the GRB environment, based on current ideas about the redshift dependence of gas properties in galaxies and primordial star formation. We calculate the observed flux as a function of the redshift and observer time for typical GRB afterglows, taking into account intergalactic photoionization and Lyman-$α$ absorption opacity as well as extinction by the Milky Way Galaxy. The fluxes in the X-ray and near IR bands are compared with the sensitivity of different detectors such as Chandra, XMM, Swift XRT and JWST. Using standard assumptions, we find that Chandra, XMM and Swift XRT can potentially detect GRBs in the X-ray band out to very high redshifts $z\gtrsim$ 30. In the K and M bands, the JWST and ground-based telescopes are potentially able to detect GRBs even one day after the trigger out to $z\sim$ 16 and 33, if present. While the X-ray band is insensitive to the external density and to reverse shocks, the near IR bands provide a sensitive tool for diagnosing both the environment and the reverse shock component.
description: Revised version, with a new figure and broader parameter range
Financial Conditions in the Farm Sector
Creators: name: Gabriel, Stephen C.
name: Hoffman, Linwood A.
name: Stam, Jerome M.
name: Hrubovcak, James M.
name: Rome, Wendy L.
name: Durst, Ron L.
name: Jeremias, Ronald A.
name: Kaiser, Wilson K.
name: Gabriel, Stephen C.
name: Hoffman, Linwood A.
name: Stam, Jerome M.
name: Hrubovcak, James M.
name: Rome, Wendy L.
name: Durst, Ron L.
name: Jeremias, Ronald A.
name: Kaiser, Wilson K.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1983
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Agricultural Finance
subject: Farm credit
subject: farm loans
subject: finance
subject: debt
subject: lenders
subject: land values
subject: taxation
subject: outlook

description: The agricultural economy is not expected to experience demand related price strength until later this Year. Recovery of the world economy offers little immediate hape for expanded U.S. agricultural eliports. Farm commodity programs have improved sagging farm prices and the acreage reduction and PIK programs for the 1983/84 crop year will reduce farm Production expenditures and credit -- needs. Farmland values continued to decline during the fourth quarter of 1982,- . but the rates of decline in many areas were less than those experienced earlier. Interest rates have declined since the middle of 1962, but they remain high in real termp. A relatively large percentage of the customers of farm lenders _will continue to have serious cash flow problems. Host lenders believe credit problems will continue through 1983. Funds are available to credit-worthy farm borrowers and most lenders are exercising forebearance with customers experiencing cash flow difficulties.
Hydrophis belcheri
Creators: name: Rasmussen, Arne Redsted
name: Sanders, Kate Laura
name: Guinea, Michael L.
name: Amey, Andrew P.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Reptilia
Squamata
Elapidae
Hydrophis
Hydrophis belcheri

description: Hydrophis belcheri (Gray, 1849).
 Hydrophis belcheri was described by Gray (1849) who gave the type locality “New Guinea” with no further information. Smith (1926) re-described H. belcheri based on 21 specimens mainly from the Philippines, New Guinea and Fiji Islands. Most of Smith’s H. belcheri specimens have since been reassigned to the following taxa: Hydrophis coggeri, H. czeblukovi, H. pachycercos and H. pacificus (Cogger, 1975; Kharin, 1983, 1984a; Rasmussen, Gravlund, van Nguyen, & Chanhome, 2007; Rasmussen & Smith, 1997). However, H. belcheri has been confirmed to occur from the Gulf of Thailand to the South China Sea (McCarthy & Warrell, 1991; Rasmussen, Elmberg, et al., 2011). There is a single record of H. belcheri from Australian waters identified by Kharin and Cheblukov (2007). The specimen is an adult female (# TINRO P 40) from the Arafura Sea, collected by V.P. Cheblukov, March 1970. Cheblukov’s specimen is in good accordance with the type of H. belcheri, confirming this species’ presence in Australian waters (Kharin & Cheblukov, 2007).
description: Published as part of Rasmussen, Arne Redsted, Sanders, Kate Laura, Guinea, Michael L. & Amey, Andrew P., 2014, Sea snakes in Australian waters (Serpentes: subfamilies Hydrophiinae and Laticaudinae) - a review with an updated identification key, pp. 351-371 in Zootaxa 3869 (4) on page 353, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3869.4.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4947280
THE AUTOMATED WEATHER/YIELD SYSTEM
Creators: name: Weiss, Michael
name: Weiss, Michael
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1983
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Productivity Analysis
subject: Agricultural climatology
subject: climate
subject: crop-yield forecasting
subject: computer systems
subject: information systems
subject: Speakeasy
subject: weather

description: This document describes the development, operation, and design of the Automated Weather/Yield System, an information and econometric forecasting system maintained within the Economic Research Service. Examples of the system's application in agricultural-economic research are indicated.
Additional file 1 of The challenge of safe anesthesia in developing countries: defining the problems in a medical center in Cambodia
Creators: name: Tao, Kun-Ming
name: Sann Sokha
name: Yuan, Hong-Bin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 1: Supplemental Table 1. Adverse event definitions and Supplemental Table 2. Comparison of economic, health care, and anesthesia workforce in the United Kingdom and Combodia.
Graph insertion operads
Creators: name: Aval, Jean-Christophe
name: Giraudo, Samuele
name: Karaboghossian, Théo
name: Tanasa, Adrian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Using the combinatorial species setting, we propose two new operad structures on multigraphs and on pointed oriented multigraphs. The former can be considered as a canonical operad on multigraphs, directly generalizing the Kontsevich-Willwacher operad, and has many interesting suboperads. The latter is a natural extension of the pre-Lie operad in a sense developed here and related to the multigraph operad. We study some of the finitely generated suboperads of the multigraph operad and establish links between them and the commutative operad and the commutative magmatic operad.
description: 12 pages. Extended abstract of arXiv:1912.06563
COMPARATIVE MARKET BASKET INDEXES: BY KINDS - LOCATIONS OF SUPERMARKETS - ANALYSIS OF OBSERVED DIFFERENCES
Creators: name: Nelson, Paul E.
name: Nelson, Paul E.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1983
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: Market basket
subject: Thrifty Food Plan
subject: indexes
subject: economic integration
subject: supermarket
subject: areas: low income central city
subject: residual Standard Metropolitan Statistical Area

description: This report proposes procedures for answering four questions: 1) Do food costs differ enough by region to justify geographical variations in the value of distributed food stamps? (2) How much does the cost of a market basket vary by the location and kind of supermarket where it was purchased? (3) For the same quantity, how much does the cost of the Thrifty Food Plan mix differ from that reported for food stamp households by the Nationwide Food Consumption Survey? (4) What factors explain differences in cost indexes observed among sample supermarkets for the NFCS based market basket?
Three interacting families of Fuss-Catalan posets
Creators: name: Combe, Camille
name: Giraudo, Samuele
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Three families of posets depending on a nonnegative integer parameter $m$ are introduced. The underlying sets of these posets are enumerated by the $m$-Fuss Catalan numbers. Among these, one is a generalization of Stanley lattices and another one is a generalization of Tamari lattices. The three families of posets are related: they fit into a chain for the order extension relation and they share some properties. Two associative algebras are constructed as quotients of generalizations of the Malvenuto-Reutenauer algebra. Their products describe intervals of our analogues of Stanley lattices and Tamari lattices. In particular, one is a generalization of the Loday-Ronco algebra.
description: 12 pages
Cosmic microwave background snapshots: pre-WMAP and post-WMAP
Creators: name: Bond, J. R.
name: Contaldi, C. R.
name: Pogosyan, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Abbreviated: We highlight the remarkable evolution in the CMB power spectrum over the past few years, and in the cosmological parameters for minimal inflation models derived from it. Grand unified spectra (GUS) show pre-WMAP optimal bandpowers are in good agreement with each other and with the one-year WMAP results, which now dominate the L < 600 bands. GUS are used to determine calibrations, peak/dip locations and heights, and damping parameters. These CMB experiments significantly increased the case for accelerated expansion in the early universe (the inflationary paradigm) and at the current epoch (dark energy dominance) when they were combined with `prior' probabilities on the parameters. A minimal inflation parameter set is applied in the same way to the evolving data. Grid-based and and Monte Carlo Markov Chain methods are shown to give similar values, highly stable over time and for different prior choices, with the increasing precision best characterized by decreasing errors on uncorrelated parameter eigenmodes. After marginalizing over the other cosmic and experimental variables for a weak+LSS prior, the pre-WMAP data of Jan03 cf. the post-WMAP data of Mar03 give Omega_{tot} =1.03^{+0.05}_{-0.04} cf. 1.02^{+0.04}_{-0.03}. Adding the flat prior, n_s =0.95^{+0.07}_{-0.04} cf. 0.97^{+0.02}_{-0.02}, with < 2σevidence for a log variation of n_s. The densities have concordance values. The dark energy pressure-to-density ratio is not well constrained by our weak+LSS prior, but adding SN1 gives w_Q < -0.7. We find σ_8 = 0.89^{+0.06}_{-0.07} cf. 0.86^{+0.04}_{-0.04}, implying a sizable SZ effect; the high L power suggest σ_8 \sim 0.94^{+0.08}_{-0.16} is needed to be SZ-compatible.
description: 36 pages, 5 figures, 5 tables, Jan 2003 Roy Soc Discussion Meeting on `The search for dark matter and dark energy in the Universe', published PDF (Oct 15 2003) is http://www.cita.utoronto.ca/~bond/roysoc03/03TA2435.pdf
AGRICULTURAL SUBSIDIES IN PORTUGAL: THEIR IMPACT ON FARM INCOME AND CONSUMER COST IN THE CONTEXT OF ACCESSION TO THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITY
Creators: name: Truong, Tham V.
name: Truong, Tham V.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1983
Subjects: subject: Agricultural Finance
subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: Portugal
subject: agricultural subsidies
subject: EC accession
subject: farm income
subject: consumer cost
subject: feed grain-livestock sector
subject: milk products
subject: wheat flour
subject: bread
subject: refined sunflower oil
subject: meat

description: Agricultural subsidies amounted to 26 percent of gross agricultural product in 1981. Their elimination will in all instances significantly reduce the commodity systems' private profits or increase losses. For some of these commodity systems the effect of adopting CAP prices, as Portugal joins the EC, will reinforce the impact of the removal of subsidies and in some cases the CAP price effect will work to offset the subsidy loss. The elimination of consumer subsidies would significantly increase consumer costs for milk and milk powder. However, in the case of skim milk powder, consumer price will decrease under EC conditions. The adoption of CAP prices will increase consumer costs for butter, wheat flour, bread and pork. It will lower consumer costs for cheese, sunflower oil, beef and lamb.
Uniform tight frames as optimal signals
Creators: name: Ambrus, Gergely
name: Bai, Bo
name: Hou, Jianfeng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Metric Geometry (math.MG)
subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 42C40, 52C35

description: Non-orthogonal communication is a promising technique for future wireless networks (e.g., 6G and Wi-Fi 7). In the vector channel model, designing efficient non-orthogonal communication schemes amounts to the following extremum problem: \[ \max \min_k \frac{|v_k|^2}{σ^2 + \sum_{l \neq k} \langle v_k, v_l \rangle^2} \] where the maximum is taken among vector systems $(v_k)_1^N \subset \mathbb{R}^d$ satisfying $c_1 \leq |v_k|^2 \leq c_2$ for every $k$, and the parameter $σ>0$ corresponds to the noise of the channel. We show that in the case $σ= 0$, uniform tight frames are the only optimal configurations. We also give quantitative bounds on the optimal capacity of vector channels with relatively small noise.
description: 14 pages. Accepted for publication in Advances in Applied Mathematics