cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Transmission through a defect in polyacene: the extreme limit of ultra narrow graphene
Creators: name: Peres, N. M. R.
name: Sols, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compute the transmission of an electron through an impurity in polyacene. An analytical expression for the transmission coefficient is found. For simplicity the disorder is confined to a single unit cell, but the generalization to several unit cells is straightforward. Both on-site and off-diagonal defects are considered. When the impurity preserves the inversion symmetry around the central axis, the scattering problem can be reduced to that of two independent chains with an alternating sequence of two types of atoms.
The clustering and photometric properties of faint galaxies
Creators: name: Woods, David
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: A photometric survey of faint galaxies in three high Galactic latitude fields (each ~ 49 arcmin2) with sub-arcsecond seeing is used to study the clustering properties of the faint galaxy population. Multi-colour photometry of the galaxies has been obtained to magnitude limits of V ~ 25, R ~ 25 and I ~ 24. Two approaches are utilized to examine the clustering: close pair and angular correlation analysis. The number of close pairs of galaxies observed to faint magnitude limits, when compared to nearby samples, determines the interaction or merger rate as a function of redshift. The prevalence of mergers at intermediate redshifts is fundamental to understanding how galaxies evolve and the relative population of galaxy types. Mergers have been used to explain the excess of galaxies in faint blue counts above the numbers expected from no-evolution models. Using the deep imaging from one of the fields, a pair fraction is determined which is consistent with the galaxies in the sample being randomly distributed with no significant excess of close pairs. This is contrary to the pair fraction of 34% ± 9% found by other authors for similar magnitude limits and using an identical approach to the pair analysis. Various reasons for this discrepancy are discussed. Colours and morphologies of our close pairs are consistent with the bulk of them being random superpositions although, as indicators of interaction, these criteria are uncertain due to contamination of field galaxies and difficulty in seeing galactic structure at intermediate redshifts, respectively. This observed lack of close pairs is probably linked with the decreasing amplitude of the angular correlation function at faint limits. If our faint samples are comprised of galaxies which have a higher average redshift than brighter samples studied by other workers then either the merger rate has been overestimated or there is a change in its behaviour from what is observed at brighter magnitude limits. [More abstract follows]
New measurements of the cyclotron line energy in Cen X-3
Creators: name: Tomar, Gunjan
name: Pradhan, Pragati
name: Paul, Biswajit
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report results from the analysis of data from two observations of the accreting binary X-ray pulsar Cen X-3 carried out with the broadband X-ray observatories Suzaku and NuSTAR. The pulse profile is dominated by a broad single peak and show some energy dependence with two additional weak pulse peaks at energies below 15 and 25 keV respectively. The broadband X-ray spectrum for 0.8-60.0 keV for Suzaku and 3.0-60.0 keV for NuSTAR is fitted well with high energy cut-off power-law model along with soft-excess, multiple iron emission lines and a cyclotron absorption. The cyclotron line energy is found to be $30.29^{+0.68}_{-0.61}$ keV and $29.22^{+0.28}_{-0.27}$ keV respectively in the Suzaku and NuSTAR spectra. We make a comparison of these two measurements with four previous measurements of CRSF in Cen X-3 obtained with Ginga, BeppoSAX and RXTE. We find no evidence for a dependence of the CRSF on luminosity. Except for one CRSF measurement with BeppoSAX, the remaining measurements are consistent with a CRSF energy in the range of 29.5 - 30.0 keV over a luminosity range of 1.1-5.4 $\times 10^{37}$ ergs s$^{-1}$ different from several other sources that show considerable CRSF variation in the same luminosity range.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Estimating the spin of the black hole candidate MAXI J1659-152 with the X-ray continuum-fitting method
Creators: name: Feng, Ye
name: Zhao, Xueshan
name: Gou, Lijun
name: Wu, Jianfeng
name: Steiner, James F.
name: Li, Yufeng
name: Liao, Zhenxuan
name: Jia, Nan
name: Wang, Yuan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: As a transient X-ray binary, MAXI J1659-152 contains a black hole candidate as its compact star. MAXI J1659-152 was discovered on 2010 September 25 during its only known outburst. Previously-published studies of this outburst indicate that MAXI J1659-152 may have an extreme retrograde spin, which, if confirmed, would provide an important clue as to the origin of black hole spin. In this paper, utilizing updated dynamical binary-system parameters (i.e. the black hole mass, the orbital inclination and the source distance) provided by \cite{Torres2021}, we analyze 65 spectra of MAXI J1659-152 from \emph{RXTE}/PCA, in order to assess the spin parameter. With a final selection of 9 spectra matching our $f_{\mathrm{sc}} \lesssim 25 \%$, soft-state criteria, we apply a relativistic thin disk spectroscopic model \texttt{kerrbb2} over 3.0-45.0 keV. We find that inclination angle correlates inversely with spin, and, considering the possible values for inclination angle, we constrain spin to be $-1 < a_{*} \lesssim 0.44$ at 90\% confidence interval via X-ray continuum-fitting. We can only rule out an extreme prograde (positive) spin. We confirm that an extreme retrograde solution is possible and is not ruled out by considering accretion torques given the young age of the system.
description: 16 pages, 8 figures, 5 tables
Elicitation - switch-reference
Creators: name: Soria Pérez, Celia
name: Clem, Emily
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: amc

description: This bundle contains recordings and associated notes from an elicitation session conducted by Emily Clem with Celia Soria Pérez. Topics covered include switch-reference, negation, attitude reports, and scope.
Sinacroneuria fujianensis Sivec & Stark 2020, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Sivec, Ignac
name: Stark, Bill P.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Plecoptera
Perlidae
Sinacroneuria
Sinacroneuria fujianensis

description: Sinacroneuria fujianensis, sp. nov.
(Figs.1 a– 1g)
 Material examined. Holotype ♂ from CHINA: Fujian Province, Kuatun [Wuyishan City, Wuyishan Mountain, Guadun], 26 May 1938, Klapperich (ZFMK).
 Adult habitus. Triocellate. Head pattern brown over almost the entire frons except for pale M-line and posterolateral occiput; additional narrow pale areas lie between the eyes and the median dark area. General color yellowbrown, patterned with dark brown. Ocellar triangle dark and additional dark pigment covering frontoclypeal area forward of M-line. Wings brown with darker veins.
 Male. Forewing length 22 mm. Tergum 9 with a broad sensilla basiconica patch, almost divided on midline; tergum 10 patch completely divided. Paraprocts directed over apex of abdomen as small triangular structures bearing acute, darkened tips (Figs. 1a, 1c). Hammer small, oval and set very near posterior margin of sternum 9 (Fig. 1b). Y-stem of aedeagal sclerite laterally compressed, broadly rounded on lower margin and slightly shorter than sclerite arms (Figs. 1e, 1g); arms wide basally, tapered to acute, knife-like structures; lateral lobes not projecting much beyond outside margins of arms.
 Etymology. The species name is based on Fujian, the Chinese Province in which it was collected.
 Comments. The original label for this specimen indicates the site was previously known as“Kuatun”.
 Diagnosis. The aedeagal sclerite of this species is similar to that of S. longwangshana, however that species has more extensive patches of sensilla basiconica on terga 9 and 10 (Yang & Yang 1998).
description: Published as part of Sivec, Ignac & Stark, Bill P., 2020, Systematic notes on Sinacroneuria Yang & Yang, 1995 (Plecoptera: Perlidae), with descriptions of two new species from China, pp. 580-584 in Zootaxa 4732 (4) on page 581, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4732.4.7, http://zenodo.org/record/3667398
Cosmic Acceleration and Growth of Structure in Massive Gravity
Creators: name: Kenna-Allison, Michael
name: Gumrukcuoglu, A. Emir
name: Koyama, Kazuya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce a cosmological model in the framework of Generalised Massive Gravity. This theory is an extension of non-linear massive gravity with a broken translation symmetry in the Stückelberg space. In a recent work, we showed the existence of cosmological solutions stable against linear perturbations. In the present paper, we build up on the previous result and study the evolution of the background solutions and the linear perturbations. At the background level, we find that the mass terms act like a fluid with time dependent equation of state $w < -1$ at late times. At linear order, we derive the Poisson's equation. We find that the scalar graviton mode invokes anisotropic stress, which brings a modification with respect to LCDM in the effective Newton's constant and the growth rate of matter perturbations. Moreover, we study the propagation of gravitational waves and find that the tensor modes acquire a time dependent mass.
description: 18 pages, 9 figures
Associated Charmonium Production in Low Energy p-pbar Annihilation
Creators: name: Barnes, T.
name: Li, X.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The QCD mechanisms underlying the exclusive strong decays and hadronic production amplitudes of charmonium remain poorly understood, despite decades of study and an increasingly detaled body of experimental information. One set of hadronic channels of special interest are those that include baryon-antibaryon states. These are being investigated experimentally at BES and CLEO-c in terms of their baryon resonance content, and are also of interest for the future PANDA experiment, in which charmonium and charmonium hybrids will be produced in p-pbar annihilation in association with light mesons. In this paper we develop a simple initial-state light meson emission model of the near-threshold associated charmonium production processes p pbar -> pi0 ccbar, and evaluate the differential and total cross sections for these reactions in this model. (Here we consider the ccbar states eta_c, J/psi, psi', chi_0 and chi_1.) The predicted near-threshold cross section for p pbar -> pi0 J/psi is found to be numerically similar to two previous theoretical estimates, and is roughly comparable to the (sparse) existing data for this process. The theoretical charmonium angular distributions predicted by this model are far from isotropic, which may be of interest for PANDA detector design studies.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures, uses graphicx and feynmf
B1MG D3.7 - Documented best practices in sharing and linking phenotypic and genetic data - 2v0 (revised)
Creators: name: Belien, Jeroen
name: Pinto, Catia
name: Ligtvoet, Maarten
name: Urbini, Milena
name: Volkert, Pim
name: Gu, Wei
name: Tebaldi, Michela
name: Patocs, Attila
name: van der Velde, K.Joeri
name: van Gijn, Marielle E
name: Korbel, Jan O
name: Padella, Antonella
name: Valencia, Alfonso
name: Pedrera, Miguel
name: Serrano, Pablo
name: Parra, Carlos
name: Beltran, Sergi
name: Muñoz, Adolfo
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: B1MG
Beyond 1 Million Genomes
1+MG
1 Million Genomes Initiative
ELIXIR
Standards
Best Practices
Phenotypic data
Genetic data
Sharing genetic data
Data sharing

description: This is the revised first version of documented best practices in sharing and linking phenotypic and genetic data. It identifies and describes best practices on sharing and linking phenotypic and genetic data in both the healthcare sector and in the research setting. The idea is to, as much as possible, avoid reinventing the wheel, learn from previous/current existing projects to improve performance and avoid mistakes made by others.
Towards Creating a Deployable Grasp Type Probability Estimator for a Prosthetic Hand
Creators: name: Zandigohar, Mehrshad
name: Han, Mo
name: Erdogmus, Deniz
name: Schirner, Gunar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Hardware Architecture (cs.AR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: For lower arm amputees, prosthetic hands promise to restore most of physical interaction capabilities. This requires to accurately predict hand gestures capable of grabbing varying objects and execute them timely as intended by the user. Current approaches often rely on physiological signal inputs such as Electromyography (EMG) signal from residual limb muscles to infer the intended motion. However, limited signal quality, user diversity and high variability adversely affect the system robustness. Instead of solely relying on EMG signals, our work enables augmenting EMG intent inference with physical state probability through machine learning and computer vision method. To this end, we: (1) study state-of-the-art deep neural network architectures to select a performant source of knowledge transfer for the prosthetic hand, (2) use a dataset containing object images and probability distribution of grasp types as a new form of labeling where instead of using absolute values of zero and one as the conventional classification labels, our labels are a set of probabilities whose sum is 1. The proposed method generates probabilistic predictions which could be fused with EMG prediction of probabilities over grasps by using the visual information from the palm camera of a prosthetic hand. Our results demonstrate that InceptionV3 achieves highest accuracy with 0.95 angular similarity followed by 1.4 MobileNetV2 with 0.93 at ~20% the amount of operations.
Giving Voice to the Hero Within: The Combination of Two Methodologies for Training the Actor/Performer-- The Use of Ritual Poetic Drama Within the African Continuum and Archetypes for the Actor/Singer As Explored in the Performances of A Thousand Faces: Every Day Heroes A Deconstruction of The Hero With A Thousand Faces by Joseph Campbell
Creators: name: Enrico-Johnson, Olisa-Mequella
Publisher: name: VCU Libraries
Year: 2010

description: VCU Theses and Dissertations
THE SPECIAL ROLE OF CORPORATE LEGAL RELATIONS IN THE CIVIL LEGISLATION OF THE REPUBLIC OF UZBEKISTAN
Creators: name: Jumabayev, Daniyor
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: This article provides an in-depth exploration of the special role that corporate legal relations play within the civil legislation of the Republic of Uzbekistan. It examines the legal foundations governing corporate entities, covering aspects such as establishment and registration procedures, corporate rights and obligations, governance principles, social responsibility, and the legal framework for corporate restructuring and dissolution. The article also highlights the international perspectives and investment climate, emphasizing alignment with global standards and the protection of investor rights. Anticipated future trends, including digital transformation and regulatory reforms, are discussed, showcasing the adaptability of Uzbekistan's legal framework. Overall, this comprehensive analysis aims to offer valuable insights into the intricate landscape of corporate legal relations in Uzbekistan.
Primordial perturbations from slow-roll inflation on a brane
Creators: name: Koyama, Kazuya
name: Mennim, Andrew
name: Rubakov, V. A.
name: Wands, David
name: Hiramatsu, Takashi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we quantise scalar perturbations in a Randall-Sundrum-type model of inflation where the inflaton field is confined to a single brane embedded in five-dimensional anti-de Sitter space-time. In the high energy regime, small-scale inflaton fluctuations are strongly coupled to metric perturbations in the bulk and gravitational back-reaction has a dramatic effect on the behaviour of inflaton perturbations on sub-horizon scales. This is in contrast to the standard four-dimensional result where gravitational back-reaction can be neglected on small scales. Nevertheless, this does not give rise to significant particle production, and the correction to the power spectrum of the curvature perturbations on super-horizon scales is shown to be suppressed by a slow-roll parameter. We calculate the complete first order slow-roll corrections to the spectrum of primordial curvature perturbations.
description: 23 pages, 10 figures
Secondary Maximum in the Near-Infrared Lightcurves of Type Ia Supernovae
Creators: name: Kasen, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We undertake a theoretical study of the near-infrared (NIR) lightcurves of Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia). In these bands, the lightcurves are distinguished by a secondary maximum occurring roughly 20 to 30 days after the initial one. Using time-dependent multi-group radiative transfer calculations, we calculate the UBVRIJHK-band lightcurves of model SN Ia ejecta structures. Our synthetic NIR lightcurves show distinct secondary maxima, and provide favorable fits to observed SNe Ia. We offer a detailed explanation of the origin of the NIR secondary maximum, which is shown to relate directly to the ionization evolution of iron group elements in the ejecta. This understanding provides immediate intuition into the dependence of the NIR lightcurves on the physical properties of the ejecta, and in particular explains why brighter supernovae have a later and more prominent secondary maximum. We demonstrate the dependence of the NIR lightcurves on the mass of 56Ni, the degree of 56Ni mixing, the mass of electron caputre elements, the progenitor metallicity, and the abundance of intermediate mass elements (especially calcium). The secondary maximum is shown to be a valuable diagnostic of these important physical parameters. The models further confirm that SNe Ia should be excellent standard candles in the NIR, with a dispersion < 0.2 mag even when the physical properties of the ejecta are varied widely. This study emphasizes the consummate value of NIR observations in probing the structure of SNe Ia and in furthering their cosmological utility.
description: 14 pages; ApJ accepted
Microscopic Current Dynamics in Nanoscale Junctions
Creators: name: Sai, Na
name: Bushong, Neil
name: Hatcher, Ryan
name: Di Ventra, Massimiliano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: So far transport properties of nanoscale contacts have been mostly studied within the static scattering approach. The electron dynamics and the transient behavior of current flow, however, remain poorly understood. We present a numerical study of microscopic current flow dynamics in nanoscale quantum point contacts. We employ an approach that combines a microcanonical picture of transport with time-dependent density-functional theory. We carry out atomic and jellium model calculations to show that the time evolution of the current flow exhibits several noteworthy features, such as nonlaminarity and edge flow. We attribute these features to the interaction of the electron fluid with the ionic lattice, to the existence of pressure gradients in the fluid, and to the transient dynamical formation of surface charges at the nanocontact-electrode interfaces. Our results suggest that quantum transport systems exhibit hydrodynamical characteristics which resemble those of a classical liquid.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures; Accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. B
Half-wave plate based on a birefringent metamaterial in the visible range
Creators: name: Zeghdoudi, Thinhinane
name: Kebci, Zahia
name: Mezeghrane, Abdelaziz
name: Belkhir, Abderrahmane
name: Baida$, Fadi I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the present paper, a half-wave plate (HWP) based on a birefringent metamaterial is numerically designed to operate in the visible range. The proposed structure consists of an array of double-pattern perpendicular rectangular aperture (RAA) engraved into opaque silver film deposited on a glass substrate. One of the apertures is glass filled. The operating principle of this plate is based on the excitation and the propagation of one guided mode inside each aperture but with different effective index. At the output side, a phase difference is obtained whose value mainly depends on the metal thickness. We have investigated the most simplest configurations using a homemade code based on the finite difference time domain method to design a half-plate with optimized efficiency resulting in transmission coefficient of more than $60\%$ together with a birefringence of $2.1$ at an operation wavelength of 737 nm. This kind of anisotropic metasurface promises a wide range of applications in integrated photonics.
description: pages, 8 figures, Original paper
Leitfaden Mobilitätsberichterstattung. Ein Instrument zur Gestaltung einer nachhaltigen Mobilität
Creators: name: Schwedes, Oliver
name: Buchmann, Lisa
name: Kruse, Carolin
name: Hausigke, Sven
name: Doyé, Laura
name: Schildbach, Lena
name: Becker, Udo J.
name: Gerlach, Julia
name: Glock, Jan Peter
name: Bender, Elisa
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: strategic transport planning
SUMP
mobility master planning
Verkehrsentwicklungsplanung
nachhaltige Mobilität

description: Leitfaden zur Mobilitätsberichterstattung
description: This publication is based on research in the project "Mobility Report: A new tool to create urban mobility in line with the principles of sustainability and environmental justice", which was funded by the Federal Ministry of Education and Research as part of its Social-Ecological Research funding priority, funding no. 01UR1703B. Responsibility for the content of this publication lies with the author.
Bernstein-Heinz-Chern results in calibrated manifolds
Creators: name: Li, Guanghan
name: Salavessa, Isabel M. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53C42, 53C38, 53C40, 58E35

description: Given $(\bar{M},Ω)$ a calibrated Riemannian manifold with a parallel calibration of rank $m$, and $M^m$ an immersed orientable submanifold with parallel mean curvature $H$ we prove that if $\cos θ$ is bounded away from zero, where $θ$ is the $Ω$-angle of $M$, and if $M$ has zero Cheeger constant, then $M$ is minimal. In the particular case $M$ is complete with $Ricc^M\geq 0$ we may replace the boundedness condition on $\cos θ$ by $\cos θ\geq Cr^{-β}$, when $r\to +\infty$, where $ 0\leqβ<1 $ and $C > 0$ are constants and $r$ is the distance function to a point in $M$. Our proof is surprisingly simple and extends to a very large class of submanifolds in calibrated manifolds, in a unified way, the problem started by Heinz and Chern of estimating the mean curvature of graphic hypersurfaces in Euclidean spaces. It is based on a estimation of $\|H\|$ in terms of $\cosθ$ and an isoperimetric inequality. We also give some conditions to conclude $M$ is totally geodesic. We study some particular cases.
description: v5: Final version, accepted for Publication in Rev. Mat. Iberoamericana. v3:We add a subsection on the foliation calibration, generalizing results of Barbosa, Kenmotsu and Oshikiri to higer codimension. We add several results and give conditions to conclude the submanifold is totally geodesic
Elicitation - switch-reference and relative clauses
Creators: name: Piño Bonangué, José
name: Clem, Emily
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: amc

description: This bundle contains recordings and associated notes from an elicitation session conducted by Emily Clem with José Piño Bonangué. Topics covered include switch-reference, relative clauses, word order with complex nominals, and attitude reports.
Effects of biological optic flow on the perception of traveled distance
Creators: name: Bossard, Martin
name: Lepecq, Jean-Claude
name: Mestre, Daniel R
Publisher: name: F1000Research
Year: 2015

description: Distance estimation from visually simulated self-motion is imprecise. Depending on the evaluation method, travelled distance can be under- or over-estimated. One particular method consists of asking a stationary observer, exposed to an immersive optical flow, simulating forward self-motion, to indicate when s/he thinks s/he has reached the remembered position of a previously seen distant target. In this case, subjective evaluation of travelled distance is generally overestimated (i.e., the subject undershoots the target). Recent studies suggest that a translational optical flow with biological additional oscillations (simulating the optical effects of natural locomotion) would increase the sensation of walking and improve spatial perception, as compared to a purely translational optical flow. In the present study we tested this hypothesis, by measuring travelled distance estimation, according to two conditions of visual simulation of forward self-motion, at constant speed, in a CAVE setup: (1) an optical flow simulating pure forward translation (2) an optical flow with added "biological" oscillations, reproducing the optical effects of the natural motion of the head during walking. Our results show that an optical flow containing additional biological information enhances the accuracy of travelled distance estimation. The perceptual advantage provided by the biological oscillations in the optical flow is discussed.
A 1D model of liquid laminar flows with large Reynolds numbers in tapered microchannels
Creators: name: Pekker, Leonid
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this article, we construct a novel 1D-model of microfluidic laminar flows in tapered circular and rectangular channels assuming the flow in channels fully developed. In the model, we take into account the inertance and dynamic pressure terms. The model can be used for a wide range of flows: from the pure capillary flow regime, where the capillary forces are the main driver of the liquid in the channel, to the external pressure flow regime where the external pressure applied to the liquid at the entrance to the channel is much larger than the capillary pressure in the channel, so that the capillary force can be ignored. We apply the model to rectangular Y-shape junctions, where the base channel is connected to a reservoir and the end channels are exposed to atmospheric air. We show that, in asymmetric Y-shape junctions, there can be a time of meniscus arrest, where only one of the two channels with a smaller radius fills, and, the other one, with a larger radius, is arrested. The time of meniscus arrest decreases with an increase in the applied external pressure; when this pressure becomes large enough, the meniscus arrest disappears. However, if the ratio of the radii of the end channels is large, the meniscus arrest does not appear because the flow resistance in the channel with the smaller radius is much large than in the channel with the larger radius so that the initial flow in the wider channel cannot be stopped by the differences in the surface tension pressures in these channels. In this article, we also investigate the applicability of the fully developed flow approximation assumed in the model.
description: 39 pages, 11 figures
Near-IR narrow-band imaging with CIRCE at the Gran Telescopio Canarias: Searching for Ly$α$-emitters at $z \sim 9.3$
Creators: name: Cabello, C.
name: Gallego, J.
name: Cardiel, N.
name: Pascual, S.
name: Guzmán, R.
name: Herrero, A.
name: Manrique, A.
name: Marín-Franch, A.
name: Mas-Hesse, J. M.
name: Rodríguez-Espinosa, J. M.
name: Salvador-Solé, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Identifying very high-redshift galaxies is crucial for understanding the formation and evolution of galaxies. However, many questions still remain, and the uncertainty on the epoch of reionization is large. In this approach, some models allow a double-reionization scenario, although the number of confirmed detections at very high $z$ is still too low to serve as observational proof. The main goal of this project is studying whether we can search for Lyman-$α$ emitters (LAEs) at $z \sim 9$ using a narrow-band (NB) filter that was specifically designed by our team and was built for this experiment. We used the NB technique to select candidates by measuring the flux excess due to the Ly$α$ emission. The observations were taken with an NB filter (full width at half minimum of 11 nm and central wavelength $λ_{c} = 1.257 μ$m) and the CIRCE near-infrared camera for the GTC. We describe a data reduction procedure that was especially optimized to minimize instrumental effects. With a total exposure time of 18.3 hours, the final NB image covers an area of $\sim 6.7$ arcmin$^{2}$, which corresponds to a comoving volume of $1.1 \times 10^{3}$ Mpc$^{3}$ at $z = 9.3$. We pushed the source detection to its limit, which allows us to analyze an initial sample of 97 objects. We detail the different criteria we applied to select the candidates. The criteria included visual verifications in different photometric bands. None of the objects resembled a reliable LAE, however, and we found no robust candidate down to an emission-line flux of $2.9 \times 10^{-16}$ erg s$^{-1} $cm$^{-2}$, which corresponds to a Ly$α$ luminosity limit of $3 \times 10^{44}$ erg s$^{-1}$. We derive an upper limit on the Ly$α$ luminosity function at $z \sim 9$ that agrees well with previous constraints. We conclude that deeper and wider surveys are needed to study the LAE population at the cosmic dawn.
description: 17 pages, 12 figures, accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysics
APPRAISAL OF PRE-SERVICE MATHEMATICS AND CHEMISTRY (MAC) TEACHERS' PERCEPTIONS OF KNOWLEDGE AND UNDERSTANDING OF CLIMATE CHANGE IN LAGOS STATE, NIGERIA
Creators: name: ODUMOSU, MARY OLUKEMI
name: ODUMOSU, ODUTAYO JOSIAH
name: OLALEYE, BOLANLE OMOTOKE
name: BRAIMOH DUROJAIYE SAIDI
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Air Pollution, Atmosphere, Climate Change, Equations, Fundamental Laws and Principles, Greenhouse Gases (GHG), Mathematics and Chemistry (MAC), Natural Gases, Pre-Service Teachers (PST).

description: Abstract

In recent time, mathematics and chemistry (MAC) were notable disciplines for discussing climate change and its effects on planet Earth. Mathematics and chemistry (MAC) were tremendous in fostering skills of pre-service teachers’ (PST) knowledge and understanding (KAU) of their physical environment and perspectives of the changes in our World. This was about applying curricula and study materials in MAC for pre-service teachers’ (PST) knowledge and understanding to the constantly changing climate. This research investigated the perceptions that pre-service MAC teachers held about their KAU of climate change. The pre-service MAC teachers of COSED in LASUED formed the population for this study. The study adopted a descriptive survey design & methodology, which involved a sample of 248 PST that were selected using simple random sampling technique. The sample consisted of PST drawn from four departments that offered MAC in COSED. The only instrument (PTPCCQ) used in the study was a 26 item questionnaire, which was developed and structured by the researchers. The questionnaire had items enquiring into the perceptivity of the respondents about climate change. Frequency counts, percentages and bar charts were used to answer research questions, while analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to take decisions on the statements obtained from the open-ended part of PTPCCQ. Findings revealed that the respondents had significant perceptions of the KAU of climate change. Gender difference was found to be insignificant to the KAU of climate change. The study recommended that climate science should be introduced into the core curriculum for minimum academic standard (CCMAS) for PST’s MAC programmes, as this would assist PST with better KAU of climate change. Basically, climate change models, should be incorporated into CCMAS of MAC, as that would be critical to the KAU of the reciprocal interactions between Earth’s environment, atmosphere, air quality and other forces in climate change.
Self-driven nonlinear dynamics in magneto-optical traps
Creators: name: Pohl, T.
name: Labeyrie, G.
name: Kaiser, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a theoretical model describing recently observed collective effects in large magneto-optically trapped atomic ensembles. Based on a kinetic description we develop an efficient test particle method, which in addition to the single atom light pressure accounts for other relevant effects such as laser attenuation and forces due to multiply scattered light with position dependent absorption cross sections. Our calculations confirm the existence of a dynamical instability and provide deeper insights into the observed system dynamics.
Large flux light guides employing discrete annular optics
Creators: name: Donaldson, Ross Michael
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: This thesis concerns the development of two new light guides, the annular lens light guide and the annular reflector light guide, into viable light distribution systems. The systems use the theory that guiding light does not require the angular distribution of light to be maintained throughout the guide. It only needs to be periodically reproduced. The theory of both guides is thoroughly developed in two dimensions. With the aid of Monte Carlo ray trace modelling these theories are then extended to three dimensions. Prototypes of both guides are constructed from commercially available materials. The properties and limitations of these guides are investigated via photometric testing and ray trace modelling. The encouraging results prompt further investigation of the guides by means of a public demonstration. One of the guides is installed in a public building to explore the limits associated with such an installation and the appeal of such a system to building occupants.
Holographic Rényi relative divergence in JT gravity
Creators: name: Ugajin, Tomonori
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We holographically compute the Rényi relative divergence $D_α (ρ_{+} || ρ_{-})$ between two density matrices $ρ_{+}, \; ρ_{-}$ prepared by path integrals with constant background fields $λ_{\pm}$ coupled to a marginal operator in JT gravity. Our calculation is non perturbative in the difference between two sources $ λ_{+} -λ_{-}$. When this difference is large, the bulk geometry becomes a black hole with the maximal temperature allowed by the Rényi index $α$. In this limit, we find an analytic expression of the Rényi relative divergence, which is given by the on shell action of the back reacted black hole plus the contribution coming from the discontinuous change of the background field.
description: 15 pages
Reproducibility of a Titanium Plasma Vacuum Spark Discharge
Creators: name: Wyndham, Edmund S.
name: Favre, Mario
name: Chuaqui, Hernán
name: Choi, Peter
name: Leñero, Ana M.
name: Díaz, Jorge S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The results of an extensive operation of a Vacuum Spark plasma using Titanium electrodes in a 120 ns 150 kA discharge are presented. The hot spots are found to form with a regular spacing in a zippering Z-pinch plasma, which forms close to the cathode and extends to approximately two thirds of the anode separation over a period of a few ns. The axis of the discharge is well defined by an initial plasma from a Nd:YAG laser focussed onto the cathode electrode surface. The statistics of the formation of the hot spots are given for the life of one anode electrode. Between one and three hotspots form and the favored positions are at 1.5 and 3.0 mm from the cathode and the strongest emission, as observed in a filtered X-ray pinhole camera, comes from the hot spot closest to the cathode. The emission spectra resolved between 50 and 350 Åshows a wide range of Ti ionization which allows the temperatures of the anode blow off plasma, the Z-pinch and the hot spot plasma to be distinguished. These results are compared with filtered PIN diode signals and filtered pinhole images.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
Negative refraction and rotons in the relativistic Bose gas
Creators: name: Reis, D. M.
name: Cavalcanti, S. B.
name: de Carvalho, C. A. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the dispersion of a classical electromagnetic field in a relativistic ideal gas of charged bosons using scalar quantum electrodynamics at finite temperature and charge density. We derive the effective electromagnetic responses and the electromagnetic propagation modes that characterize the gas as a left-handed material with negative effective index of refraction $n_{\rm eff}=-1$ below the transverse plasmon frequency. In the condensed phase, we show that the longitudinal plasmon dispersion relation exhibits a roton-type local minimum that disappears at the transition temperature.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures
A generalized approach to study low as well as high $p_T$ regime of transverse momentum spectra
Creators: name: Gupta, Rohit
name: Jena, Satyajit
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A good understanding of the transverse momentum $(p_T)$ spectra is pivotal in the study of QCD matter created during the heavy-ion collision. Considering the difference in the underlying particle production mechanism, $p_T$ spectra can be divided into two distinct regions. Low-$p_T$ region corresponds to particle produced in soft-processes whereas particles produced in hard processes dominate the high-$p_T$ regime of the spectra. We will discuss a unified formalism to explain both low as well as high-$p_T$ region of the transverse momentum spectra in a consistent manner. This unified formalism is based on the generalisation of non-extensive statistical mechanics using the Pearson distribution. This generalised formalism also gives a strong insight into the study of elliptic flow in heavy-ion collision.
Elicitation - switch-reference
Creators: name: Sampi Ríos, Celia
name: Clem, Emily
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: amc

description: This bundle contains recordings and associated notes from an elicitation session conducted by Emily Clem with Celia Sampi Ríos. Topics covered include word order with complex nominals, attitude reports, negation, binding, and case marking in switch-reference.
The redshift evolution of early-type galaxies in COSMOS: Do massive early-type galaxies form by dry mergers?
Creators: name: Scarlata, C.
name: Carollo, C. M.
name: Lilly, S. J.
name: Feldmann, R.
name: Kampczyk, P.
name: Renzini, A.
name: Cimatti, A.
name: Halliday, C.
name: Daddi, E.
name: Sargent, M. T.
name: Koekemoer, A.
name: Scoville, N.
name: Kneib, J-P.
name: Leauthaud, A.
name: Massey, R.
name: Rhodes, J.
name: Tasca, L.
name: Capak
name: McCracken, H. J.
name: Mobasher, B.
name: Taniguchi, Y.
name: Thompson, D.
name: Ajiki, M.
name: Aussel, H.
name: Murayama, T.
name: Sanders, D. B.
name: Sasaki, S.
name: Shioya, Y.
name: Takahashi, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: ABRIDGED: We study the evolution since z~1 of the rest-frame B luminosity function of the early-type galaxies (ETGs) in ~0.7 deg^2 in the COSMOS field. In order to identify ALL progenitors of local ETGs we construct the sample of high-z galaxies using two complementary criteria: (i) A morphological selection based on the Zurich Estimator of Structural Types, and (ii) A photometric selection based on the galaxy properties in the (U-V)-M_V color-magnitude diagram. We furthermore constrain both samples so as to ensure that the selected progenitors of ETGs are compatible with evolving into systems which obey the mu_B-r_{hl} Kormendy relation. Assuming the luminosity evolution derived from studies of the fundamental plane for high-z ETGs, our analysis shows no evidence for a decrease in the number density of the most massive ETGs out to z~ 0.7: Both the morphologically- and the photometrically-selected sub-samples show no evolution in the number density of bright (~L>2.5L*) ETGs. Allowing for different star formation histories, and cosmic variance, we estimate a maximum decrease in the number density of massive galaxies at that redshift of ~30%. We observe, however, in both the photometrical and morphological samples, a deficit of up to ~2-3 of fainter ETGs over the same cosmic period. Our results argue against a significant contribution of recent dissipationless ``dry'' mergers to the formation of the most massive ETGs. We suggest that the mass growth in low luminosity ETGs can be explained with a conversion from z~0.7 to z=0 of blue, irregular and disk galaxies into low- and intermediate-mass ``red'' ETGs, possibly also through gas rich mergers.
description: Replaced with accepted version (ApJ COSMOS special issue)
Visual search for objects with different direction variability and speed
Creators: name: Děchtěrenko, Filip
name: Jiří Lukavský
Publisher: name: F1000Research
Year: 2015

description: Previous research found that visual search for a static target among moving targets is slower than reversed condition (Dick, 1989). Moreover, people are able to find a moving target following a different trajectory than distractors (Horowitz et al., 2007). Varying object speed and direction variability is an important aspect in other cognitive tasks (e.g., Multiple Object Tracking). In two experiments, we studied how sensitive participants were, in the search for a target differing in higher/lower direction variability (exp 1) and faster/slower speed (exp 2). In both experiments, eight objects moved for eight seconds and one of the objects differed in variability of direction (exp 1) or speed (exp 2). We tested the performance over eight levels of variability/speed for targets and two levels for distractors. Participants were able to detect successfully both faster/slower targets, but the performance for direction variability was asymmetrical: more variable directions (Von Mises kappa > 16, sampled 100 fps) were difficult to distinguish from each other. Overall performance was lower in experiment 1 showing that detecting variability of motion direction is harder than detecting difference in speeds.
Maximising the educational and research value of the undergraduate dissertation in psychology
Creators: name: CREAVEN, ANN-MARIE
name: Button, Katherine S
name: Cleland-Woods, Heather
name: Nordmann, Emily
Publisher: name: University of Limerick
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 52
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: The undergraduate research dissertation in psychology is the capstone demonstration of research skills including project planning and design, considering and resolving ethical issues, and the analysis and dissemination of findings. The dissertation represents an opportunity for learning as well as an opportunity to contribute to the research literature in the student’s chosen area; however, few articles have considered both dimensions in detail. This article provides a roadmap for undergraduate thesis supervision, for early-career supervisors and supervisors aiming to better align their supervision and research activities and/or engage their students in open research practices via the dissertation.Specifically, we review prior literature on undergraduate psychology research supervision and identify several dimensions that vary in existing approaches. Drawing on our own supervision experiences, we describe four key recommendations for undergraduate supervision in psychology and discuss how these can support student learning as well as benefit research.
Unfaithful mirror: A new procedure to decrease the sense of ownership and agency of one's own face
Creators: name: Piovesan, Andrea
name: Bertamini, Marco
name: Bezenac, Christophe De
name: O'Sullivan, Noreen
Publisher: name: F1000Research
Year: 2015

description: Past studies demonstrated that one's own body representation is based on the integration between sensory input. Illusions could be generated from the manipulation of these input, such in the case of the Rubber Hand Illusion (Botvinick & Cohen, 1998) and the enfacement illusion (Sforza et al., 2010). The synchronization between the different stimulations (tactile, visual and proprioceptive) is particularly important for these two illusions. The present study introduces a new paradigm verifying if an asynchronous stimulation between sight, touch and proprioception could induce a decrease of the sense of ownership (SoO) and agency (SoA) in relation to one's own face. Secondly there is an effect's comparison of different sensory modalities. Additionally we collected measures of depersonalisation, locus of control, hallucination-proneness and delusional beliefs. Results suggest that the SoO and SoA over one's own face is decreased when the visual feedback is presented with a delay of a few seconds. Secondly results suggest that an inconsistency between proprioception and sight induces a deeper decrease of the sense of ownership than the inconsistency between touch and sight. Thirdly, contrarily to expectancies, participants with hallucination proneness seem to have stronger sense of agency of their face when there is inconsistency between proprioception and sight.

References
Botvinick, M., & Cohen, J. (1998). Rubber hands' feel' touch that eyes see. Nature, 391(6669), 756-756.
Sforza, A., Bufalari, I., Haggard, P., & Aglioti, S. M. (2010). My face in yours: Visuo-tactile facial stimulation influences sense of identity. Social Neuroscience, 5(2), 148-162.