cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: Mean Field Games on Weighted and Directed Graphs via Colored Digraphons
Creators: name: Fabian, Christian
name: Cui, Kai
name: Koeppl, Heinz
Publisher: name: IEEE
Year: 2024

description: Multi-agent systems are in general hard to model and control due to their complex nature involving many individuals. Numerous approaches focus on empirical and algorithmic aspects of approximating outcomes and behavior in multi-agent systems and lack a rigorous theoretical foundation. Graphon mean field games (GMFGs) on the other hand provide a mathematically well-founded and numerically scalable framework for a large number of connected agents. In standard GMFGs, the connections between agents are undirected, unweighted and invariant over time. Our paper introduces colored digraphon mean field games (CDMFGs) which allow for weighted and directed links between agents that are also adaptive over time. Thus, CDMFGs are able to model more complex connections than standard GMFGs. Besides a rigorous theoretical analysis including both existence and convergence guarantees, we employ the online mirror descent algorithm to learn equilibria. To conclude, we illustrate our findings with an epidemics model and a model of the systemic risk in financial markets.
title: Envisioning the Future of Supply Chain Transportation Management- Exploring Crowd Density Image Recognition with Deep Learning
Creators: name: En-Fu Li
Publisher: name: Southeast Bangkok University
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2024
Subjects: Artificial Intelligence
Deep Learning, Image Recognition
Machine Vision
Supply Chain

description: Supply Chain and Sustainability Research (SCSR), 3, 3, 63-81
DITTO: Data-efficient and Fair Targeted Subset Selection for ASR Accent Adaptation
Creators: name: Kothawade, Suraj
name: Mekala, Anmol
name: D, Chandra Sekhara
name: Kothyari, Mayank
name: Iyer, Rishabh
name: Ramakrishnan, Ganesh
name: Jyothi, Preethi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Audio and Speech Processing (eess.AS)
subject: Sound (cs.SD)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: State-of-the-art Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) systems are known to exhibit disparate performance on varying speech accents. To improve performance on a specific target accent, a commonly adopted solution is to finetune the ASR model using accent-specific labeled speech. However, acquiring large amounts of labeled speech for specific target accents is challenging. Choosing an informative subset of speech samples that are most representative of the target accents becomes important for effective ASR finetuning. To address this problem, we propose DITTO (Data-efficient and faIr Targeted subseT selectiOn) that uses Submodular Mutual Information (SMI) functions as acquisition functions to find the most informative set of utterances matching a target accent within a fixed budget. An important feature of DITTO is that it supports fair targeting for multiple accents, i.e. it can automatically select representative data points from multiple accents when the ASR model needs to perform well on more than one accent. We show that DITTO is 3-5 times more label-efficient than other speech selection methods on the IndicTTS and L2 datasets.
description: ACL 2023
Additional file 1: of New insights on serodiagnosis of trichinellosis during window period: early diagnostic antigens from Trichinella spiralis intestinal worms
Creators: name: Wang, Zhong-Quan
name: Shi, Ya-Li
name: Rou-Dan Liu
name: Jiang, Peng
name: Ya-Yi Guan
name: Ying-Dan Chen
name: Cui, Jing
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Developmental Biology

description: Multilingual abstracts in the six official working languages of the United Nations. (PDF 698 kb)
Rapturella Salvador & Cunha 2016
Creators: name: Cunha, Carlo M.
name: Simone, Luiz Ricardo L.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Mollusca
Gastropoda
Heterostropha
Acteonidae
Rapturella

description: Rapturella Salvador & Cunha, 2016
Type species. Tornatella globulina Forbes, 1844 by original designation.
description: Published as part of Cunha, Carlo M. & Simone, Luiz Ricardo L., 2018, A new species of the genus Rapturella (Gastropoda: Acteonidae) from southeast Brazil, pp. 125-128 in Zootaxa 4521 (1) on page 125, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4521.1.7, http://zenodo.org/record/2609721
Die Afrikanische Renaissance - Neuer Aufbruch unter der Führung Südafrikas?
Creators: name: Müller, Sebastian
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek der HSU / UniBwH
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Entwicklungspolitik
subject: 320 Politikwissenschaft

description: Der Begriff der Afrikanischen Renaissance geht – in der aktuellen Betrachtung – auf den südafrikanischen Präsidenten Thabo Mbeki zurück, der 1996 den Begriff prägte. Mbeki wollte damit zum Ausdruck bringen, dass ein Konzept geschaffen werden sollte, mit dem Afrika sich aus seiner aktuellen Misere mithilfe der internationalen Gemeinschaft selbst befreien könnte. Der zunächst äußerst abstrakte Begriff der „Wiedergeburt Afrikas“ wurde mit den Jahren und den Programmen, den Umstrukturierungen und den unternommenen Veränderungen immer konkreter. Im Einzelnen zählen dazu die Umwandlung der Organisation of African Unity (OAU) in die African Union (AU), die Verabschiedung der New Partnership for Africa’s Development (NEPAD) und auf der Seite der internationalen Geldgeber zum Beispiel der G8 Africa Action Plan (AAP) und die Millenium Development Goals (MDG) der Vereinten Nationen. Die Dissertation befasst sich mit den einzelnen Konzepten und bringt diese in eine politikwissenschaftliche Gesamtbetrachtung.
The COVID-19 Pandemic and Virtual Interviews in the 2020-2021 Resident Match
Creators: name: Ehrlich H.
name: Elkbuli A.
name: McKenney M
name: Nakayama D
Publisher: name: SAGE Publications Inc.
Year: 2023

description: The coronavirus-19 (COVID-19) pandemic imposed social distancing and limitations on travel that profoundly affected the resident selection processes of American general surgical postgraduate training programs. Traditionally candidates underwent in-person visits at training hospital sites, interviewed with attending staff and resident trainees and toured the facility. Often the visits included an overnight stay to host interviewees at a social event such as a local restaurant. Applicants could visit the surrounding community to get an idea whether it would be a place where they could live.
On approximating shortest paths in weighted triangular tessellations
Creators: name: Bose, Prosenjit
name: Esteban, Guillermo
name: Orden, David
name: Silveira, Rodrigo I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computational Geometry (cs.CG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We study the quality of weighted shortest paths when a continuous 2-dimensional space is discretized by a weighted triangular tessellation. In order to evaluate how well the tessellation approximates the 2-dimensional space, we study three types of shortest paths: a weighted shortest path $ \mathit{SP_w}(s,t) $, which is a shortest path from $ s $ to $ t $ in the space; a weighted shortest vertex path $ \mathit{SVP_w}(s,t) $, which is an any-angle shortest path; and a weighted shortest grid path $ \mathit{SGP_w}(s,t) $, which is a shortest path whose edges are edges of the tessellation.
 Given any arbitrary weight assignment to the faces of a triangular tessellation, thus extending recent results by Bailey et al. [Path-length analysis for grid-based path planning. Artificial Intelligence, 301:103560, 2021], we prove upper and lower bounds on the ratios $ \frac{\lVert \mathit{SGP_w}(s,t)\rVert}{\lVert \mathit{SP_w}(s,t)\rVert} $, $ \frac{\lVert \mathit{SVP_w}(s,t)\rVert}{\lVert \mathit{SP_w}(s,t)\rVert} $, $ \frac{\lVert \mathit{SGP_w}(s,t)\rVert}{\lVert \mathit{SVP_w}(s,t)\rVert} $, which provide estimates on the quality of the approximation.
 It turns out, surprisingly, that our worst-case bounds are independent of any weight assignment. Our main result is that $ \frac{\lVert \mathit{SGP_w}(s,t)\rVert}{\lVert \mathit{SP_w}(s,t)\rVert} = \frac{2}{\sqrt{3}} \approx 1.15 $ in the worst case, and this is tight. As a corollary, for the weighted any-angle path $ \mathit{SVP_w}(s,t) $ we obtain the approximation result $ \frac{\lVert \mathit{SVP_w}(s,t)\rVert}{\lVert \mathit{SP_w}(s,t)\rVert} \lessapprox 1.15 $.
description: 25 pages, 15 figures, accepted version
Lokruma stenii Tedersoo 2024, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Tedersoo, Leho
name: Magurno, Franco
name: Alkahtani, Saad
name: Mikryukov, Vladimir
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Fungi
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Lokrumales
Lokrumaceae
Lokruma
Lokruma stenii

description: Lokruma stenii Tedersoo sp. nov.
Diagnosis.
Separation from other species of Lokruma based on the ITS region (positions 159–178 taacttaattttttcccgag; one mismatch allowed) as shown in Fig. 10. There are no short barcodes in the first 700 bp of LSU that allow distinguishing L. stenii all from other congeners.
Type.
Soil eDNA sample TUE 103193 (holotype); type sequence EUK 1203766 (lectotype); GSMc plot S 689, Pinus halepensis forest (soil sample TUE 003193) in Lokrum, Croatia, 42.6223 ° N, 18.1241 ° E.
Description.
Other sequences: EUK 1603283 (GSMc plot G 4301, Betula pendula forest soil in Männamaa, Estonia, 58.83258 ° N, 22.63346 ° E); EUK 1604041 (GSMc plot S 480, Populus - Picea forest soil in Käru, Estonia, 58.80407 ° N, 25.22249 ° E); EUK 1604042 (GSMc plot G 4734, Populus - Alnus forest soil in Urissaare, Estonia, 58.02673 ° N, 24.65739 ° E); and EUK 1600039 (LSU: GSMc plot HB 19, Populus x wettsteinii forest plantation soil, Oja, Estonia, 58.82747 ° N, 26.37799 ° E).
Etymology.
Lokrum (Serbo-Croatian) refers to type locality; and Sten (Estonian) refers to the first name of Sten Anslan who collected the materials from the type locality.
Notes.
Found in Croatia and Estonia, with ITS and LSU sequences displaying up to 1 % of differences.
description: Published as part of Tedersoo, Leho, Magurno, Franco, Alkahtani, Saad & Mikryukov, Vladimir, 2024, Phylogenetic classification of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi: new species and higher-ranking taxa in Glomeromycota and Mucoromycota (class Endogonomycetes), pp. 249-271 in MycoKeys 107 on pages 249-271, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.107.125549
On the Impact of Hard Adversarial Instances on Overfitting in Adversarial Training
Creators: name: Liu, Chen
name: Huang, Zhichao
name: Salzmann, Mathieu
name: Zhang, Tong
name: Süsstrunk, Sabine
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Adversarial training is a popular method to robustify models against adversarial attacks. However, it exhibits much more severe overfitting than training on clean inputs. In this work, we investigate this phenomenon from the perspective of training instances, i.e., training input-target pairs. Based on a quantitative metric measuring the relative difficulty of an instance in the training set, we analyze the model's behavior on training instances of different difficulty levels. This lets us demonstrate that the decay in generalization performance of adversarial training is a result of fitting hard adversarial instances. We theoretically verify our observations for both linear and general nonlinear models, proving that models trained on hard instances have worse generalization performance than ones trained on easy instances, and that this generalization gap increases with the size of the adversarial budget. Finally, we investigate solutions to mitigate adversarial overfitting in several scenarios, including fast adversarial training and fine-tuning a pretrained model with additional data. Our results demonstrate that using training data adaptively improves the model's robustness.
Methoden zur Charakterisierung elektrorheologischer Suspensionen unter besonderer Berücksichtigung des Temperatureinflusses
Creators: name: Schneider, Steffen
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek der HSU / UniBwH
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Elektrorheologische Flüssigkeit
subject: Suspensionsrheologie
subject: Temperaturabhängigkeit
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften

description: Bis heute fehlen einheitliche Methoden zur Charakterisierung von elektrorheologischen Flüssigkeiten (ERF). Mit dieser Arbeit soll ein Überblick über gebräuchliche Methoden zur Charakterisierung von ERF gegeben werden, auch, um als Grundlage für eine spätere Normung dienen zu können. Es wird zunächst das Verhalten der Viskosität als Funktion der Temperatur unter Einfluss eines angelegten Steuerfeldes am Beispiel elektrorheologischer Suspensionen untersucht. Dabei wurde festgestellt, dass die Viskosität bei angelegtem elektrischen Feld zunächst mit der Temperatur ansteigt, wogegen die Viskosität ohne angelegtes elektrisches Feld in Analogie zu konventionellen Ölen mit steigender Temperatur abfällt. Das Temperaturverhalten wird dabei hauptsächlich durch die in der Formulierung enthaltenen Chloride bestimmt. Das Fließverhalten von ER-Suspensionen ohne Einfluss eines elektrischen Steuerfeldes wurde bisher als NEWTONsches Fließverhalten betrachtet und das Fließverhalten unter Feldeinfluss im allgemeinen mit dem BINGHAM-Modell erklärt. Aufbauend auf vorhandenen Verfahren wird in dieser Arbeit schrittweise eine neue Methodik zur Ermittlung der Wandschubspannung entwickelt. Erstmalig werden dabei auch gezielt Methoden der Suspensionsrheologie angewandt. Schwerpunkt dieser Arbeit sind Untersuchungen zum Fließverhalten elektrorheologischer Suspensionen in Kapillaren unterschiedlicher Geometrie bei Variation der elektrischen Feldstärke und der Betriebstemperatur. Bei der Auswertung der gewonnenen Ergebnisse wurde festgestellt, dass die quasistatisch aufgenommenen Fließkurven einer Kombination von Korrekturen zu unterziehen sind. Ein weiteres Kriterium für den Einsatz von ER-Suspensionen ist die Stromaufnahme. Zusammen mit der Steuerfeldspannung bestimmt die Stromaufnahmen den Leistungsbedarf der erforderlichen Hochspannungsquelle. Eine elektrophysikalische Charakterisierung von ERF wurde mit genormten Verfahren durchgeführt. Das Sedimentationsverhalten von ER-Suspensionen wird wesentlich vom Dichteverhältnis zwischen Grundöl und suspendierten Partikeln bestimmt. Die durchgeführten chemischen Analysen dienten zur Klärung der Zusammensetzung sowie der ablaufenden Prozesse in der ER-Suspension bei Ansteuerung mit einem elektrischen Feld und in Abhängigkeit von der Temperatur.
The effects of plantarflexor weakness and reduced tendon stiffness with aging on gait stability
Creators: name: Shelton A.D.
name: Smith R.E.
name: Franz J.R
name: Sawicki G.S
Publisher: name: Public Library of Science
Year: 2024

description: Falls among older adults are a costly public health concern. Such falls can be precipitated by balance disturbances, after which a recovery strategy requiring rapid, high force outputs is necessary. Sarcopenia among older adults likely diminishes their ability to produce the forces necessary to arrest gait instability. Age-related changes to tendon stiffness may also delay muscle stretch and afferent feedback and decrease force transmission, worsening fall outcomes. However, the association between muscle strength, tendon stiffness, and gait instability is not well established. Given the ankle’s proximity to the onset of many walking balance disturbances, we examined the relation between both plantarflexor strength and Achilles tendon stiffness with walking-related instability during perturbed gait in older and younger adults–the latter quantified herein using margins of stability and whole-body angular momentum including the application of treadmill-induced slip perturbations. Older and younger adults did not differ in plantarflexor strength, but Achilles tendon stiffness was lower in older adults. Among older adults, plantarflexor weakness associated with greater whole-body angular momentum following treadmill-induced slip perturbations. Weaker older adults also appeared to walk and recover from treadmill-induced slip perturbations with more caution. This study highlights the role of plantarflexor strength and Achilles tendon stiffness in regulating lateral gait stability in older adults, which may be targets for training protocols seeking to minimize fall risk and injury severity.
title: Die ideologische Instrumentalisierung des Wettkampfes im Nationalsozialismus zur Erziehung der männlichen Jugend: Selbstinszenierungen und Praktiken des Regimes zwischen 1933 und 1943
title: The ideological exploitation of competitions in National Socialism for the education of the male youth : self-staging and practices of the regime between 1933 and 1943
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Stiller, Alexander Michael
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek der HSU / UniBwH
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: 370 Bildung und Erziehung

description: "Im Kern dieser Arbeit wird der meist propagandistisch aufbereitete Konkurrenzund Gemeinschaftsgedanke in sportlichen und anderen Wettkämpfen, anhand des Sports und der Wettkämpfe in der Hitler-Jugend analysiert. Dabei werden die Reichssportwettkämpfe und der Reichsberufswettkampf im Fokus der Analysen stehen. Der betrachtete Zeitraum wird hier auf die Jahre zwischen 1933 und 1943 eingeschränkt, da die Reichsberufswettkämpfe das letzte Mal 1939 und die Reichssportwettkämpfe zuletzt 1943 ausgerichtet wurden." (Aus der Einleitung, S. 2)
Axions in Baryon Chiral Perturbation Theory
Creators: name: Vonk, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: I give an overview of recent developments in the study of the coupling of the QCD axion to nucleons and other octet baryons. I demonstrate how axions can be included into heavy baryon chiral perturbation theory, and present recent numerical results for the several axion-baryon couplings in SU(2) and SU(3) chiral perturbation theory for the Kim--Shifman--Vainstein--Zakharov (KSVZ) and the Dine--Fischler--Srednicki--Zhitnitsky (DFSZ) axion model.
description: 10 pages, 1 figure to be published in conference proceedings RDP online PhD school and workshop "Aspects of Symmetry'' (Regio2021), 8-12 November 2021
Moosteales Tedersoo 2024, ord. nov.
Creators: name: Tedersoo, Leho
name: Magurno, Franco
name: Alkahtani, Saad
name: Mikryukov, Vladimir
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Fungi
Moosteales

description: Moosteales Tedersoo ord. nov.
Type family.
Moosteaceae Tedersoo.
Description.
Covers the monophyletic group in Endogonomycetes (Fig. 2). Phylogenetically delimited as the least inclusive clade covering sequence accessions EUK 1604044, JQ 311412 and EUK 1600278 (Suppl. material 3).
Notes.
Recognised based on eDNA sequences only. Currently includes Moosteaceae.
description: Published as part of Tedersoo, Leho, Magurno, Franco, Alkahtani, Saad & Mikryukov, Vladimir, 2024, Phylogenetic classification of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi: new species and higher-ranking taxa in Glomeromycota and Mucoromycota (class Endogonomycetes), pp. 249-271 in MycoKeys 107 on pages 249-271, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.107.125549
Additional file 5: Figure S4. of Comparative analysis of the mitochondrial genomes of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides sensu lato: insights into the evolution of a fungal species complex interacting with diverse plants
Creators: name: Xiaofei Liang
name: Xianglin Tian
name: Wenkui Liu
name: Tingyu Wei
name: Wang, Wei
name: Qiuyue Dong
name: Wang, Bo
name: Yanan Meng
name: Zhang, Rong
name: Gleason, Mark
name: Guangyu Sun
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Plant Biology
subject: 60506 Virology

description: PCR amplification results of primers tested for differentiating C. gloeosporioides s.l. from C. actutatum s.l.. (PDF 1260 kb)
Führungskräfteentwicklung in ausgewählten Unternehmen der Wirtschaft - Anspruch und Wirklichkeit
Creators: name: Gleich, Michèl
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek der HSU / UniBwH
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Personalentwicklung
subject: Personalpolitik
subject: Führung
subject: 330 Wirtschaft

description: Die Europäische Union weist in einer aktuellen Studie darauf hin, dass es vielen Unternehmen aufgrund einer fehlenden konzeptionellen und vorausschauenden Führungskräfteentwicklung zukünftig nicht mehr möglich sein wird führende Positionen mit unternehmsintern ausgebildetem Nachwuchs zu besetzen. Führungskräfte bestimmen jedoch oft maßgebend das Handeln von Organisationen und entscheiden über den Erfolg von Unternehmen, denn sie beeinflussen die Ausgestaltung und Leistungsfähigkeit der Kernprozesse eines Unternehmens wesentlich. Besonders im Rahmen von Veränderungsprozessen und wirtschaftlichen Krisen wird die Verantwortung der Vorgesetzten gefordert sowie gleichzeitig aber auch von der Wissenschaft und der breiten Öffentlichkeit kritisch hinterfragt. --- Wie ist es möglich, den Führungsnachwuchs kompetent und effektiv zu fördern, wenn die Mehrzahl der Unternehmen die Personalentwicklung von Führungskräften vernachlässigt? Wie muss die fachliche und soziale Weiterentwicklung der Führungskräfte gestaltet sein, um den anpassungsbedingten und organisationalen Veränderungsprozessen kompetent zu begegnen und diese zu bewältigen? Bislang finden sich weder in der aktuellen wirtschaftlichen Praxis noch in den einschlägigen wissenschaftlichen Disziplinen einfache und schlüssige Rezepte für den richtigen Umgang mit dem Spagat zwischen kurzfristigem Kostendruck und langfristiger Notwendigkeit einer systematischen Führungskräfteentwicklung. --- Das forschungsleitende Interesse der Dissertation ist es, im Rahmen einer empirischen Studie mit 30 teilnehmenden Wirtschaftsunternehmen aus Deutschland und Österreich den Erkenntnisstand hinsichtlich der Führungskräfteentwicklung zu analysieren und eine Bestandsaufnahme zwischen dem Anspruch und der Wirklichkeit der Förderung von Leistungsträgern zu skizzieren. Die Bestandsaufnahme Führungskräfteentwicklung wird dabei vor dem Hintergrund der gestiegenen Anforderungen an die Führung in den Unternehmen betrachtet. Die Ergebnisse der Studie zeigen eindrucksvoll, dass es keiner neuen Modewellen im Entwicklungsbereich bedarf, sondern unter anderem die Bereitschaft und Motivation aller Beteiligten bedeutende Erfolgsfaktoren für eine nachhaltige Führungskräfteentwicklung darstellen.
Deviation from maximal entanglement for mid-spectrum eigenstates of local Hamiltonians
Creators: name: Huang, Yichen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In a spin chain governed by a local Hamiltonian, we consider a microcanonical ensemble in the middle of the energy spectrum and a contiguous subsystem whose length is a constant fraction of the system size. We prove that if the bandwidth of the ensemble is greater than a certain constant, then the average entanglement entropy (between the subsystem and the rest of the system) of eigenstates in the ensemble deviates from the maximum entropy by at least a positive constant. This result highlights the difference between the entanglement entropy of mid-spectrum eigenstates of (chaotic) local Hamiltonians and that of random states. We also prove that the former deviates from the thermodynamic entropy at the same energy by at least a positive constant.
description: v2: major revision with significantly improved results and presentation; v3: published version
The World Health Organization was born as a normative agency: Seventy-five years of global health law under WHO governance
Creators: name: Friedman, Eric A.
name: Meier, Benjamin Mason
name: Habibi, Roojin
name: Chirwa, Danwood
name: Karim, Safura Abdool
name: Mesquita, Judith Bueno de
name: Toebes, Brigit
name: Burci, Gian Luca
name: Halabi, Sam
name: Finch, Alexandra
name: Lee, Tsung-Ling
name: Gostin, Lawrence O.
name: Villarreal, Pedro
Publisher: name: Public Library of Science
Year: 2024

description: The World Health Organization (WHO) was born as a normative agency and has looked to global health law to structure collective action to realize global health with justice. Framed by its constitutional authority to act as the directing and coordinating authority on international health, WHO has long been seen as the central actor in the development and implementation of global health law. However, WHO has faced challenges in advancing law to prevent disease and promote health over the past 75 years, with global health law constrained by new health actors, shifting normative frameworks, and soft law diplomacy. These challenges were exacerbated amid the COVID-19 pandemic, as states neglected international legal commitments in national health responses. Yet, global health law reforms are now underway to strengthen WHO governance, signaling a return to lawmaking for global health. Looking back on WHO’s 75th anniversary, this article examines the central importance of global health law under WHO governance, reviewing the past successes, missed opportunities, and future hopes for WHO. For WHO to meet its constitutional authority to become the normative agency it was born to be, we offer five proposals to reestablish a WHO fit for purpose: normative instruments, equity and human rights mainstreaming, sustainable financing, One Health, and good governance. Drawing from past struggles, these reforms will require further efforts to revitalize hard law authorities in global health, strengthen WHO leadership across the global governance landscape, uphold equity and rights at the center of global health law, and expand negotiations in global health diplomacy.
Additional file 5: Table S2. of Development of intron targeting (IT) markers specific for chromosome arm 4VS of Haynaldia villosa by chromosome sorting and next-generation sequencing
Creators: name: Haiyan Wang
name: Keli Dai
name: Xiao, Jin
name: Chunxia Yuan
name: Renhui Zhao
name: Doležel, Jaroslav
name: Yufeng Wu
name: Aizhong Cao
name: Peidu Chen
name: Shouzhong Zhang
name: Xiue Wang
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Plant Biology

description: The sequences of forward and reverse primers and the size of intron of the IT markers (DOCX 48 kb)
Moosteaceae Tedersoo 2024, fam. nov.
Creators: name: Tedersoo, Leho
name: Magurno, Franco
name: Alkahtani, Saad
name: Mikryukov, Vladimir
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Fungi
Moosteales
Moosteaceae

description: Moosteaceae Tedersoo fam. nov.
Type genus.
Moostea Tedersoo.
Description.
Covers the monophyletic group in Moosteales (Fig. 2). Phylogenetically delimited as the least inclusive clade covering sequence accessions EUK 1604044, JQ 311412 and EUK 1600278 (Suppl. material 3).
Notes.
Recognised based on eDNA sequences only. Currently includes Moostea and two other potential genera. One of these is represented by sequences EUK 0030179 (GSMc plot G 4146, mixed forest soil in High Point Reserve Park, NJ, USA, 41.31569 ° N, - 74.66485 ° E); EUK 1600279 (GSMc plot G 5826, Malus domestica orchard soil in Tabivere, Estonia, 58.54286 ° N, 26.61575 ° E); and JQ 311412 (microcosm soil in Los Alamos, NM, USA), isolated by Stephanie A. Eichorst (Eichorst and Kuske 2012). The other genus is represented by sequences EUK 1600278 (GSMc plot S 570, Betula pubescens wetland forest soil in Nõmme, Estonia, 58.47962 ° N, 22.94584 ° E); EUK 0029679 (GSMc plot G 2749, Eucalyptus spp. woodland soil near Lake Copperfield, Australia, - 13.84191 ° N, 131.81858 ° E); and EUK 0028885 (GSMc plot G 5081, Coccoloba sp. woodland soil near Lagoa Grande, Brazil, - 10.6342 ° N, - 36.7579 ° E).
description: Published as part of Tedersoo, Leho, Magurno, Franco, Alkahtani, Saad & Mikryukov, Vladimir, 2024, Phylogenetic classification of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi: new species and higher-ranking taxa in Glomeromycota and Mucoromycota (class Endogonomycetes), pp. 249-271 in MycoKeys 107 on pages 249-271, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.107.125549
Trends in breast, colon, pancreatic, and uterine cancers in women during the COVID-19 pandemic in North Carolina
Creators: name: Nyante S.J.
name: Deal A.M.
name: Calhoun B.C
name: Kuzmiak C.M
name: Ray E.M
name: Kim K.S
name: Heiling H.M
Publisher: name: John Wiley and Sons Inc
Year: 2024

description: Importance: The COVID-19 pandemic led to reductions in primary care and cancer screening visits, which may delay detection of some cancers. The impact on incidence has not been fully quantified. We examined change in cancer incidence to determine how the COVID-19 pandemic may have altered the characteristics of cancers diagnosed among women. Methods: This study included female patients aged ≥18 years and diagnosed with breast (n = 9489), colon (n = 958), pancreatic (n = 669), or uterine (n = 1991) cancer at three hospitals in North Carolina. Using interrupted time series, we compared incidence of cancers diagnosed between March 2020 and November 2020 (during pandemic) with cancers diagnosed between January 2016 and February 2020 (pre-pandemic). Results: During the pandemic, incidence of breast and uterine cancers was significantly lower than expected compared to pre-pandemic (breast—18%, p = 0.03; uterine −20%, p = 0.05). Proportions of advanced pathologic stage and hormone receptor-negative breast cancers, and advanced clinical stage and large size uterine cancers were more prevalent during the pandemic. No significant changes in incidence were detected for pancreatic (−20%, p = 0.08) or colon (+14%, p = 0.30) cancers. Conclusion and Relevance: In women, the COVID-19 pandemic resulted in a significant reduction in the incidence of breast and uterine cancers, but not colon or pancreatic cancers. A change in the proportion of poor prognosis breast and uterine cancers suggests that some cancers that otherwise would have been diagnosed at an earlier stage will be detected in later years. Continued analysis of long-term trends is needed to understand the full impact of the pandemic on cancer incidence and outcomes.
Additional file 6: Table S3. of Development of intron targeting (IT) markers specific for chromosome arm 4VS of Haynaldia villosa by chromosome sorting and next-generation sequencing
Creators: name: Haiyan Wang
name: Keli Dai
name: Xiao, Jin
name: Chunxia Yuan
name: Renhui Zhao
name: Doležel, Jaroslav
name: Yufeng Wu
name: Aizhong Cao
name: Peidu Chen
name: Shouzhong Zhang
name: Xiue Wang
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology
subject: Computational Biology

description: PCR products of 100 IT markers. (DOCX 101 kb)
Additional file 6: Table S6. of Exposure to household furry pets influences the gut microbiota of infants at 3–4 months following various birth scenarios
Creators: name: Tun, Hein
name: Konya, Theodore
name: Takaro, Tim
name: Brook, Jeffrey
name: Chari, Radha
name: Field, Catherine
name: Guttman, David
name: Becker, Allan
name: Piush Mandhane
name: Turvey, Stuart
name: Padmaja Subbarao
name: Sears, Malcolm
name: Scott, James
name: Kozyrskyj, Anita
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Linear discriminant analysis (LDA) scores for differentially abundant bacterial taxa due to pet exposure in formula-fed infants born by Caucasian mothers without prior direct antibiotic exposure until 3 months old following different birth scenarios (P
Quantum Calculi: differential forms and vector fields in noncommutative geometry
Creators: name: Borowiec, Andrzej
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper, we revise the concept of noncommutative vector fields introduced previously in Ref. [1,2], extending the framework, adding new results and clarifying the old ones. Using appropriate algebraic tools certain shortcomings in the previous considerations are filled and made more precise. We focus on the correspondence between so-called Cartan pairs and first-order differentials. The case of free bimodules admitting more friendly "coordinate description" and their braiding is considered in more detail. Bimodules of right/left universal vector fields are explicitly constructed.
description: 15 pages. Improved and extended version, refs. added. Comments welcome! Devoted to the memory of Prof. Zbigniew Oziewicz
title: Psicología de la Creatividad Aplicada. Historia, enfoques, contextos y evaluación
Creators: name: Ortega Neri, Hilda María
name: Pérez Márquez, Edith Alejandra
name: Acosta De Lira, Jorge Armando
Publisher: name: Colofón
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: CIENCIAS SOCIALES [5]
subject: Psicología de la creatividad
subject: Historia
subject: Enfoques
subject: Contextos
subject: Evaluación

description: La creatividad ha sido vista de diversas formas a lo largo de la historia y desde diversos contextos, como proceso, producto, valor, personalidad, inteligencia, conducta o solución de problemas. Los comienzos de la investigación científica sobre la creatividad surgen a partir de la psicología, desde los años veinte del siglo pasado hasta los cincuenta con Joy Paul Guilford. Actualmente la psicología sigue haciendo análisis y estudios de la creatividad, han crecido en cuanto a teoría, metodología, técnicas y actividades, personalidad creativa, no existen límites sobre su campo de acción y aplicación. La presente obra ofrece al lector un breve recorrido por la historia de los inicios de la creatividad, y cómo la psicología ha hecho grandes aportes al estudio de la creatividad desde diversos enfoques, como la psicología de la creatividad, pasando por el psicoanálisis, la gestalt, el asociacionismo, el conductismo, la cibernética, el humanismo, el cognitivismo y el modelo transaccional. Para promover el conocimiento y la práctica de la creatividad en nuestro entorno es fundamental trabajarla en la cultura, por lo que en un primer capítulo se centra en la creatividad dentro de la cultura, para fomentarla, practicarla, educarla y, sobre todo, vivirla. En otro capítulo se explica desde las corrientes de la psicología: social, educativa, de la salud, de la personalidad, laboral, así como los métodos, técnicas y actividades de la creatividad. Por último se explican los recursos para evaluar la creatividad, se presentan indicadores y pruebas tales como PIC-A, PIC-N y PIC-J.
Länderneugliederung im deutschen Föderalismus am Beispiel des Nordstaates
Creators: name: Neumann, Michael
Publisher: name: Helmut-Schmidt-Universität
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Föderalismus
subject: Hamburg
subject: Bremen
subject: Schleswig-Holstein
subject: Mecklenburg-Vorpommern
subject: Niedersachsen
subject: Norddeutschland
subject: 330 Wirtschaft

description: Publikationsdatum: 15.06.2017. Gilt nicht mehr als Hochschulschrift, <0705> 01.10.2019. - Datum der Promotion: 14. Juni 2017 (Tag des Kolloquiums). - Entzug des Doktorgrades durch Bescheid der Fakultät für Wirtschafts- und Sozialwissenschaften der Helmut-Schmidt-Universität, Universität der Bundeswehr Hamburg vom 20. August 2019.
description: Loch Ness gleich taucht immer wieder die Diskussion über eine mögliche Neugliederung der deutschen Länder in der politischen und journalistischen aber auch politikwissenschaftlichen Öffentlichkeit auf. Hier wird insbesondere eine Fusionen der fünf norddeutschen Länder diskutiert, da u.a. die Existenzberechtigung der beiden Stadtstaaten Bremen und Hamburg in Frage gestellt wird. Oftmals wird diese Diskussion mit einer generellen Föderalismuskritik verbunden. Auch schwingt hierbei Kritik am sogenannten Länderfinanzausgleich mit. Die vorliegende Studie untersucht in diesem Zusammenhang, wie die ursprünglichen Regelungen zur Länderneugliederung im Grundgesetz zustandekommen sind, wie sie angewandt wurden und wie es zur Grundgesetzänderung 1976 kam. Vor diesem Hintergrund wird die Diskussion über einen möglichen Nordstaat in den fünf norddeutschen Bundesländern dargestellt wie analysiert. Neben der theoretischen Betrachtung des Föderalismus - auch im Vergleich mit den Vereinigten Staaten und der Schweiz - wird insbesondere die Entwicklung des Föderalismus in Deutschland seit der Paulskirchenverfassung dargestellt. Dabei geht es um die historischen wie sozioökonomischen Entwicklungsgeschichten der Region Norddeutschland, besonders aber um die Dar- und Gegenüberstellung der Positionen der verschiedenen gesellschaftlichen und politischen Akteure in Bremen, Hamburg, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Niedersachsen und Mecklenburg-Vorpommern. Daneben werden die verfassungsrechtlichen Bestimmungen im Hinblick auf den Bundesrat sowie das Länderfinanzausgleichsystem auf ihre "Länderneugliederungsförderlichkeit" untersucht sowie ein Ausblick auf die geänderten Regelungen zum Länderfinanzausgleich gewagt.
Additional file 3: Figure S1. of The origin of chow chows in the light of the East Asian breeds
Creators: name: Hechuan Yang
name: Guodong Wang
name: Wang, Meng
name: Yaping Ma
name: Tingting Yin
name: Ruoxi Fan
name: Wu, Hong
name: Zhong, Li
name: Irwin, David
name: Weiwei Zhai
name: Yaping Zhang
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Science Policy

description: Boxplot of the kinship coefficient between pairs of Chow Chows in the RAD set and from the SNP array data. Different levels of relatedness will yield different kinship coefficients. For example, it is suggested that the estimated kinship coefficient range [0.354, 1], [0.177, 0.354], [0.0884, 0.177] and [0.0442, 0.0884] correspond to duplicate/monozygotic twin, 1st-degree, 2nd-degree, and 3rd-degree relationships respectively. All kinship coefficients from the RAD sequenced Chow Chows are smaller than 0.0442, and are comparable to the Chow Chows from the SNP array data. (PDF 4Â kb)
Lemyra (Thyrgorina) angularis Strand 1922
Creators: name: Singh, Navneet
name: Joshi, Rahul
name: Kirti, Jagbir Singh
name: Bisht, Santosh Singh
name: Param, Harsimranjeet Singh
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Arctiidae
Lemyra
Lemyra angularis

description: 56. Lemyra (Thyrgorina) angularis Strand, 1922: 182
Type locality: Not known
Distribution: Nagaland (Strand 1922), Mumbai, Tamil Nadu (Dubatolov 2010), Gujarat (Ahwa, Saputara), Maharashtra (Mahabalehwar, Malshej Ghat), Kerala (Devikulam) (Kirti & Gill 2008a).
description: Published as part of Singh, Navneet, Joshi, Rahul, Kirti, Jagbir Singh, Bisht, Santosh Singh & Param, Harsimranjeet Singh, 2021, A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera), pp. 1-118 in Zootaxa 5058 (1) on page 24, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5602576
Moostea Tedersoo 2024, gen. nov.
Creators: name: Tedersoo, Leho
name: Magurno, Franco
name: Alkahtani, Saad
name: Mikryukov, Vladimir
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Fungi
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Moosteales
Moosteaceae
Moostea

description: Moostea Tedersoo gen. nov.
Type species.
Moostea stephanieae Tedersoo.
Description.
Covers the monophyletic group in Moosteaceae (Fig. 2). Phylogenetically delimited as the least inclusive clade covering sequence accessions EUK 1604044, EUK 1103239 and EUK 1600287 (Suppl. material 3).
Notes.
The ITS sequences are poorly alignable because of long deletions and inserts in certain species. Based on ITS sequences, Moostea is comprised of 25–30 species, some of which are represented by sequences EUK 1103239 (tropical rainforest soil in El Yunque, Puerto Rico, 18.29 ° N, - 65.78 ° E); EUK 1603515 (GSMc plot G 5835, airfield soil in Ridali, Estonia, 57.93692 ° N, 26.98099 ° E); and EUK 0014332 (GSMc plot S 1225, grassland soil in Ayapel, Colombia, 8.27825 ° N, - 75.1257 ° E).
description: Published as part of Tedersoo, Leho, Magurno, Franco, Alkahtani, Saad & Mikryukov, Vladimir, 2024, Phylogenetic classification of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi: new species and higher-ranking taxa in Glomeromycota and Mucoromycota (class Endogonomycetes), pp. 249-271 in MycoKeys 107 on pages 249-271, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.107.125549
Moostea stephanieae Tedersoo 2024, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Tedersoo, Leho
name: Magurno, Franco
name: Alkahtani, Saad
name: Mikryukov, Vladimir
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Fungi
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Moosteales
Moosteaceae
Moostea
Moostea stephanieae

description: Moostea stephanieae Tedersoo sp. nov.
Diagnosis.
Separation from other species of Moostea based on the ITS region (positions 68–97 gcagatgatcgtgagggagttctcttcttc; one mismatch allowed) and LSU (positions 436–455 tgggcttctgctccggcgta; one mismatch allowed) as indicated in Fig. 11.
Type.
Soil eDNA sample TUE 128417 (holotype); eDNA sequence EUK 1604044 (lectotype); GSMc plot G 5828, Malus domestica orchard (soil sample TUE 028417) in Mooste, Estonia, 58.15335 ° N, 27.19642 ° E.
Description.
Other sequences: EUK 1600287 (LSU: type locality); EUK 1604043 and EUK 1603823 (both GSMc plot G 5835, airfield soil in Ridali, Estonia, 57.93692 ° N, 26.98099 ° E).
Etymology.
Mooste (Estonian) refers to type locality; and Stephanie (English) refers to the first name of Stephanie A. Eichorst who collected the first materials from the respective family.
Notes.
Found in two sites in Estonia, with ITS and LSU sequences displaying up to 1 % and 0.3 % differences, respectively.
description: Published as part of Tedersoo, Leho, Magurno, Franco, Alkahtani, Saad & Mikryukov, Vladimir, 2024, Phylogenetic classification of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi: new species and higher-ranking taxa in Glomeromycota and Mucoromycota (class Endogonomycetes), pp. 249-271 in MycoKeys 107 on pages 249-271, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.107.125549
Additional file 6: Table S3. of Development of intron targeting (IT) markers specific for chromosome arm 4VS of Haynaldia villosa by chromosome sorting and next-generation sequencing
Creators: name: Haiyan Wang
name: Keli Dai
name: Xiao, Jin
name: Chunxia Yuan
name: Renhui Zhao
name: Doležel, Jaroslav
name: Yufeng Wu
name: Aizhong Cao
name: Peidu Chen
name: Shouzhong Zhang
name: Xiue Wang
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology
subject: Computational Biology

description: PCR products of 100 IT markers. (DOCX 101 kb)
U-CAN-seq: A Universal Competition Assay by Nanopore Sequencing
Creators: name: Moorman, Nathaniel
name: Sylvester, Paul
name: Ferris, Martin T.
name: Sanders, Wes
name: Diaz, Jennifer
name: Law, Isabella
name: Burdick, Jane
name: Heise, Mark T.
name: Linnertz, Colton
name: Chang, Che-Kang
name: Sears, John
Publisher: name: MDPI
Year: 2024

description: RNA viruses quickly evolve subtle genotypic changes that can have major impacts on viral fitness and host range, with potential consequences for human health. It is therefore important to understand the evolutionary fitness of novel viral variants relative to well-studied genotypes of epidemic viruses. Competition assays are an effective and rigorous system with which to assess the relative fitness of viral genotypes. However, it is challenging to quickly and cheaply distinguish and quantify fitness differences between very similar viral genotypes. Here, we describe a protocol for using reverse transcription PCR in combination with commercial nanopore sequencing services to perform competition assays on untagged RNA viruses. Our assay, called the Universal Competition Assay by Nanopore Sequencing (U-CAN-seq), is relatively cheap and highly sensitive. We used a well-studied N24A mutation in the chikungunya virus (CHIKV) nsp3 gene to confirm that we could detect a competitive disadvantage using U-CAN-seq. We also used this approach to show that mutations to the CHIKV 5′ conserved sequence element that disrupt sequence but not structure did not affect the fitness of CHIKV. However, similar mutations to an adjacent CHIKV stem loop (SL3) did cause a fitness disadvantage compared to wild-type CHIKV, suggesting that structure-independent, primary sequence determinants in this loop play an important role in CHIKV biology. Our novel findings illustrate the utility of the U-CAN-seq competition assay.
QONUNGA XILOF RAVISHDA CHET ELGA CHIQISH YOKI O'ZBEKISTON RESPUBLIKASIGA KIRISH UCHUN JAVOBGARLIKNING KVALIFIKATSIYAVIY BELGILARI
Creators: name: Alijonov Muxammadyusuf Jo'rabek o'g'li Toshkent davlat yuridik universiteti "Jinoyat qonunchiligini qo'llash nazariyasi va amaliyoti" yo'nalishi magistranti
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Mazkur tezisda O’zbekiston Respublikasining jinoyat qonunchiligida qonunga xilof ravishda chet elga chiqish yoki O’zbekiston Respublikasiga kirish uchun nazarda tutilgan javobgarlikni o’g’irlashtiruvchi (kvalifikatsiyaviy) belgilari tahlil qilinadi.

Kalit so’zlar: qonunga xilof ravishda chet elga chiqish, jazo, javobgarlik, og’irlashtiruvchi holatlar, Jinoyat kodeksi.