Sphecodes crassus Thomson 1870
Creators: name: Astafurova, Yulia V.
name: Proshchalykin, Maxim Yu.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Halictidae
Sphecodes
Sphecodes crassus

description: Sphecodes crassus Thomson 1870
(Figs 4, 25, 26, 53, 55, 75, 97, 109a)
Sphecodes crassus Thomson 1870: 100, ♀ (type locality: southern Sweden); Alfken 1929: 7; Proshchalykin & Kupianskaya 2005: 12; Quest 2009: 203; Proshchalykin & Quest 2009: 245; Proshchalykin 2012: 457.
Sphecodes variegatus Hagens 1874: 40, ♂ (type locality: Germany).
Sphecodes divisus Hagens 1882 (nom. praeocc., nec Kirby 1802): 223, ♂, ♀ (type locality: Germany).
Sphecodes valesianus Frey-Gessner 1903: 100, ♀ (type locality: Switzerland).
Sphecodes dyozankeanus Tsuneki 1983: 33, Figs 30–32, ♂ (holotype –♂, Japan, Hokkaido, Sapporo, Dyozankei Valley, 9.IX.1972, Y. Haneda leg., MNHAH). Syn. nov.
Sphecodes ohdeyamanus Tsuneki 1984: 9, Fig. 15, ♀ (holotype –♀, Mt. Ohdeyama, near lake Yamanakako, Yamanashi Pref., 23.V.1980, H. Suda leg., MNHAH). Syn. nov.
Material examined. Russia. Primorskiy Terr.: 1 ♀, Lazovskiy Nature Reserve, 28.V–6.VI.2001, M. Quest (M. Schwarz det. 2007); 1 ♀, Lazo, 21.IV.2002, M. Quest (M. Schwarz det. 2007); 1 ♀, Komarovskiy, 12.VII.1973, AL; 1 ♀, 20 km NW Kamen’-Rybolov, 30.VI.1974, AL; 1 ♀, 1 ♀, 20 km S Khorol, 6.VII.1974, AL; 1 ♀, 20 km Barabash-Levada, 13.VII.1974, AL; 1 ♀, Nadezhdinskoe, 11.IX.1976, AL; 1 ♂, Blagodatnoe, 5.VIII.1981, VM; 1 ♂, Lazovskiy Nature Reserve, Perekatnoe, 25 km SE Lazo, 4.IX.1981, YP; 2 ♀, Lazovskiy Nature Reserve, 5 km SE Kievka, on Ranunculus sp., 15.VI.1981; 1 ♀, 20 km NNE Kievka, 13.VI.1981, YP; 1 ♀, Anisimovka, 15.V.1982; 2 ♀, 4.VII.1982, AL; 1 ♂, 31.VIII.2003, MP; 1 ♀, Gornotaezhnoe, 25.VII.1983, AL; 1 ♀, Evseevka, 28.VI.1985, AL; 1 ♀, 1 ♂, Vladivostok, Botsad, 30.VIII.1985, SB; 1 ♀, Ussuri River, Novomikhailovka, 26.VII.1986, AL; Bolshaya Ussurka River, Gogolevka, 3.VIII.1986, AL; 1 ♂, Ryazanovka, 15 km S Slavyanka, 2.IX.1987, SB; 1 ♀, 32 km S Ussuriysk, 26.VIII.1988, A. Antropov; 1 ♀, 1 ♂, Spassk, 3–13.VII.1993, SB; 3 ♀, Tigrovaya River, 6.VI.1994, AL; 1 ♀, Vladivostok, Akademgorogok, 21.V.2003, MP; 1 ♂, Tayozhka, 7.IX.2003, A. Gerasimenko; 1 ♀, Novokachalinsk, Khanka Lake, 4–7.VIII.2006, SB; 1 ♀, Spassk, 1.VII.2013, SB; 1 ♂, Partizansk, Novitzkoye, 3.VIII.2013, SB; Jewish AP: 1 ♂, Malyi Khingan Mt., Radde, 12-15.VII.2003, SB; 1 ♀, Stolbovoe, 16.VI.2005, MP; Amurskaya Prov.: 4 ♀, between Malaya Pera River and Bolshoy Ergel, 26-29.V.1958, G. Zinovjev; 1 ♀, 45 km W Svobodnyi, Klimoutsy, 16-17.V.1959, G. Zinovjev; 1 ♀, Simonovo, 75 km W Svobodnyi, 9-12.VII.1959, G. Zinovjev; Khabarovsk Terr.: 1 ♀, Khabarovsk, Khekhtsir, 20.VI.1983, DK; 1 ♀, Komsomolsk on Amur, 14.V.1995, D. Gritskevich; 1 ♀, 7.VIII.1999; 1 ♂, 28.VII.2000, MP; 1 ♀, Machtovaya River, 6.VIII.2005, AL; Sakhalin: 1 ♀, Konuma[=Novoaleksandrovsk], 28.VII.1930, “Saghalien Central Expt. Sta.”; 30 ♂, 5-7.VIII.1981, AL, AK; 1 ♀, Nogliki, 21.VII.1978, AK; 5 ♀, 15 km NE Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk, 11- 12.VII.1981, YP; 20 ♀, Dolinsk, 21-23.V.1985, S. Kholin, A. Plutenko; 1 ♀, Val, Rybach’e Lake, 29.VII.2002, AL, SS; 1 ♂, 70 km N Okha, 11.VIII.2003, AL, SS; Kuril Islands. Kunashir, 1 ♀, Dubovoe, 8.VII.1980, AL; 3 ♀, 20- 22.VII.2011, MP, VL; 4 ♀, 1 ♀, Yuzhno-Kurilsk, 6.VII.2013, YS, LS; Ivanovskii Cape, Grozovoe, 16-18.VII.2013, YS, LS; 24 ♂, Dokuchaeva Cape, 30.VII–2.VIII.2013, YS, LS; Kamchatskiy Terr.: 1 ♀, Petropavlovsk- Kamchatskiy, 16.VII.2005, MP; 1 ♂, 20 km NE Kozyrevsk, Kamchatka River, 9.VIII.2005, MP. Japan. Hokkaido, 1 ♀, University Campus, Sapporo, 21.V.1959, Sakagami (K. Mitai det. 2011 as S. ohdeyamanus); 1 ♂, Urausu 17.VII.1974, H. Fukuda (K. Mitai det. 2011 as S. dyozankeanus).
FIGURES 2–20. Male, F8–F11: 2, 3, 10, 11, 13, 17, 18—lateral view; 4–9, 12, 14–16, 19, 20—ventral view; 2— Sphecodes albilabris (Fabricius); 3— S. cristatus Hagens; 4— S. crassus Thomson; 5— S. ferruginatus Hagens; 6— S. hyalinatus Hagens; 7— S. laticaudatus Tsuneki; 8— S. longulus Hagens; 9— S. miniatus Hagens; 10— S. monilicornis (Kirby); 11— S. nippon Meyer; 12— S. okuyetsu Tsuneki; 13, 14— S. orientalis, sp. nov.; 15— S. pellucidus Smith; 16, 17— S. puncticeps Thomson; 18— S. scabricollis Wesmael; 19— S. simillimus Smith; 20— S. tanoi Tsuneki. Scale bar: 0.5 mm.
FIGURES 21–34. Male, gonostylus, dorsal and lateral views: 21, 22— Sphecodes albilabris (Fabricius); 23, 24— S. cristatus Hagens; 25, 26— S. crassus Thomson; 27, 28— S. ferruginatus Hagens; 29, 30— S. geoffrellus (Kirby); 31, 32— S. laticaudatus Tsuneki; 33, 34— S. longulus Hagens. Scale bar: 0.5 mm.
Distribution. Russia: Primorskiy Terr. (Quest 2009), *Jewish AP, *Amurskaya Prov., *Khabarovsk Terr., *Sakhalin, Kamchatskiy Terr. (Alfken 1929), European part (Osytshnjuk et al. 1978); Japan (Hokkaido, Honshu), Europe (north to 64°), Turkey, Iran, North Africa.
Remarks. We studied numerous specimens of S. crassus from Europe, Central Asia, the Urals, and Siberia. Two specimens examined from Japan identified as S. dyozankeanus (male) and S. ohdeyamanus (female) by K. Mitai proved to be S. crassus. Description, figures (Tsuneki 1983, 1984), and redescription (Mitai & Tadauchi 2013) of S. dyozankeanus and S. ohdeyamanus also indicate identity with S. crassus. For this reason we propose S. dyozankeanus and S. ohdeyamanus as new junior synonyms of S. crassus.
FIGURES 35–52. Male, gonostylus, dorsal and lateral views: 35, 36— Sphecodes miniatus Hagens; 37, 38— S. monilicornis (Kirby); 39, 40— S. nippon Meyer; 41, 42– S. okuyetsu Tsuneki; 43, 44— S. orientalis, sp. nov.; 45, 46— S. puncticeps Thomson; 47, 48— S. scabricollis Wesmael; 49, 50— S. simillimus Smith; 51, 52— S. tanoi Tsuneki. Scale bar: 0.5 mm.
FIGURES 53, 54. Female, hind femur: 53— Sphecodes crassus Thomson; 54— S. geoffrellus (Kirby). Scale bar: 0.5 mm.
description: Published as part of Astafurova, Yulia V. & Proshchalykin, Maxim Yu., 2014, The bees of the genus Sphecodes Latreille 1804 of the Russian Far East, with key to species (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Halictidae), pp. 501-528 in Zootaxa 3887 (5) on pages 504-507, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3887.5.1, http://zenodo.org/record/251121