cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
An empirical analysis of the determinants of trade balance in Ethiopia (1980-2017)
Creators: name: Misganaw, Chanyalew
Publisher: name: National Academic Digital Repository of Ethiopia
Year: 2019

description: The main objective of this study is to analyze the determinants of trade balance in Ethiopia during the specified period (1980-2017). Based on review of theoretical and empirical literature, five variables (GDP, GCE, HCE, ER and MS) were identified as general determinants of trade balance in Ethiopia. Moreover, variables are based on elasticity, monetary and absorption theories of trade balance. The study implements ARDL bounds test and error correction model to analyze a time series data from 1980-2017, collected from national bank, World Bank development indicators and IFS. The finding of this study shows that real exchange rate and gross domestic product have positive and significant effect on trade balance while money supply has negative and significant effect on trade balance in long run. Again, long run ARDL model reveals government consumption expenditure and household consumption expenditure have no effect on trade balance. The error correction model of the short-run regression shows that real exchange rate and government consumption expenditure have positive and significant effect on the speed of adjustment of the long-run trend of trade balance. The estimated short run model revealed that the trade balance converges to its equilibrium value. The coefficient of the error term that captures the speed of adjustment towards the long run equilibrium found with the correct sign and magnitude. The speed of adjustment is -0.90, which implies that around 90% deviations from long run equilibrium are adjusted every year and the rest 10% in the coming year.
Classical uncertainty relations and entropy production in non-equilibrium statistical mechanics
Creators: name: Muratore-Ginanneschi, Paolo
name: Peliti, Luca
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze Fürth's 1933 classical uncertainty relations in the modern language of stochastic differential equations. Our interest is motivated by applications to non-equilibrium classical statistical mechanics. We show that Fürth's uncertainty relations are a property enjoyed by martingales under the measure of a diffusion process. This result implies a lower bound on fluctuations in current velocities of entropic quantifiers of transitions in stochastic thermodynamics. In cases of particular interest, we recover an inequality well known in optimal mass transport relating the mean kinetic energy of the current velocity and the squared quadratic Wasserstein distance between the probability distributions of the entropy. In performing our analysis, we also avail us of an unpublished argument due to Krzysztof Gawȩdzki to derive a lower bound to the entropy production by transition described by Langevin-Kramers process in terms of the squared quadratic Wasserstein distance between the initial and final states of the transition. Finally, we illustrate how Fürth's relations admit a straightforward extension to piecewise deterministic processes. We thus show that the results in the paper concern properties enjoyed by general Markov processes.
description: 25 pages, no figures
Analysis of the conditional average and conditional variance of dissipated energy in the driven spin-boson model
Creators: name: Wollfarth, Philip
name: Utsumi, Yasuhiro
name: Shnirman, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the conditional average and the conditional variance of dissipated energy considering, as a prototypical example, a driven spin-boson system. We follow a measurement protocol in which the spin is prepared in a certain initial state before undergoing a periodic driving. Subsequently, the spin is projected onto a post-selected final state. We compare the conditional average of dissipated energy to the lower bound which directly follows from the well known fluctuation relations. We further report that a special selection of the initial (pre-selected) and final (post-selected) spin states leads to an enhanced energy emission with simultaneous noise suppression at driving times of order of the relaxation time.
description: 7 pages, 8 figures
Josephson diode effect derived from short-range coherent coupling
Creators: name: Matsuo, Sadashige
name: Imoto, Takaya
name: Yokoyama, Tomohiro
name: Sato, Yosuke
name: Lindemann, Tyler
name: Gronin, Sergei
name: Gardner, Geoffrey C.
name: Manfra, Michael J.
name: Tarucha, Seigo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Superconducting devices with broken time-reversal and spatial-inversion symmetries can exhibit novel superconducting phenomena. The observation of superconducting diode effects, which is applicable for dissipationless rectification, provides information on the breaking of such symmetries. We experimentally study a Josephson junction (JJ) coupled to another adjacent JJ as a new system exhibiting the superconducting diode effect. We demonstrate that the observed superconducting diode effect can be controlled non-locally based on the phase difference with the adjacent JJ. These results indicate that the time-reversal and spatial-inversion symmetries of a JJ are broken by the coherent coupling to an adjacent JJ, and this enables the engineering of novel superconducting phenomena mediated by coherent coupling among JJs and development of their applications for superconducting diode devices.
Cosmic Variance and the Inhomogeneous UV Luminosity Function of Galaxies During Reionization
Creators: name: Dawoodbhoy, Taha
name: Shapiro, Paul R.
name: Ocvirk, Pierre
name: Lewis, Joseph S. W.
name: Aubert, Dominique
name: Sorce, Jenny G.
name: Ahn, Kyungjin
name: Iliev, Ilian T.
name: Park, Hyunbae
name: Teyssier, Romain
name: Yepes, Gustavo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: When the first galaxies formed and starlight escaped into the intergalactic medium to reionize it, galaxy formation and reionization were both highly inhomogeneous in time and space, and fully-coupled by mutual feedback. To show how this imprinted the UV luminosity function (UVLF) of reionization-era galaxies, we use our large-scale, radiation-hydrodynamics simulation CoDa II to derive the time- and space-varying halo mass function and UVLF, from $z\simeq6$-15. That UVLF correlates strongly with local reionization redshift: earlier-reionizing regions have UVLFs that are higher, more extended to brighter magnitudes, and flatter at the faint end than later-reionizing regions observed at the same $z$. In general, as a region reionizes, the faint-end slope of its local UVLF flattens, and, by $z=6$ (when reionization ended), the global UVLF, too, exhibits a flattened faint-end slope, `rolling-over' at $M_\text{UV}\gtrsim-17$. CoDa II's UVLF is broadly consistent with cluster-lensed galaxy observations of the Hubble Frontier Fields at $z=6$-8, including the faint end, except for the faintest data point at $z=6$, based on one galaxy at $M_\text{UV}=-12.5$. According to CoDa II, the probability of observing the latter is $\sim5\%$. However, the effective volume searched at this magnitude is very small, and is thus subject to significant cosmic variance. We find that previous methods adopted to calculate the uncertainty due to cosmic variance underestimated it on such small scales by a factor of 2-4, primarily by underestimating the variance in halo abundance when the sample volume is small.
description: 16 pages, 16 figures, accepted by MNRAS 07/20/23, comments welcome
Sign patterns that allow algebraic positivity
Creators: name: Das, Sunil
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 15B35, 15B48, 05C50

description: A real square matrix is algebraically positive if there exists a real polynomial $f$ such that $f(A)$ is a positive matrix. In this paper, we give a sufficient condition for a sign pattern matrix to allow algebraic positivity, and give some methods to construct higher-order algebraically positive matrices from some lower-order algebraically positive matrices. We also propose two conjectures related to the problem of allowing algebraic positivity.
description: 23 pages
Squeezed Helical Elastica
Creators: name: Bouzar, Lila
name: Müller, Martin Michael
name: Gosselin, Pierre
name: Kulić, Igor M.
name: Mohrbach, Hervé
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We theoretically study the conformations of a helical semi-flexible filament confined to a flat surface. This squeezed helix exhibits a variety of unexpected shapes resembling circles, waves or spirals depending on the material parameters. We explore the conformation space in detail and show that the shapes can be understood as the mutual elastic interaction of conformational quasi-particles. Our theoretical results are potentially useful to determine the material parameters of such helical filaments in an experimental setting.
description: 32 pages, 16 figures, 5 tables
Cloth & skin : a studio investigation into the uncanny of the everyday
Creators: name: Beatty, Susan.
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2022

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
Neutral and Doubly-Charged Scalars at Future Lepton Colliders
Creators: name: Xu, Fang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Many new physics scenarios beyond the Standard Model (BSM) necessitate the existence of new neutral and/or charged scalar fields, which might couple to the SM charged leptons (but not hadrons), and thus, can give rise to BSM signals while evading strong constraints mostly coming from the hadronic sector. I show that future lepton colliders provide a clean environment to probe these leptophilic new scalars via multi-lepton final states, including some interesting lepton flavor violating (LFV) channels. I also study the kinematic distributions of the final state leptons to distinguish the BSM contributions from neutral and doubly-charged scalars giving rise to the same final state, as well as from the irreducible SM background.
A new method for reactive constant pH simulations
Creators: name: Levin, Yan
name: Bakhshandeh, Amin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a simulation method that allows us to calculate the titration curves for systems undergoing protonation/deprotonation reactions -- such as charged colloidal suspensions with acidic/basic surface groups, polyelectrolytes, polyampholytes, proteins, etc. The new approach allows us to simultaneously obtain titration curves both for systems in contact with salt and acid reservoir (semi-grand canonical ensemble) and for isolated suspensions (canonical ensemble). To treat the electrostatic interactions, we present a new method based on Ewald summation -- which accounts for the existence of both Bethe and Donnan potentials within the simulation cell. We show that that the Donnan potential affects dramatically the pH of suspension. Counter intuitively, we find that for concentrated suspensions of low ionic strength, the number of deprotonated groups can be 100\% larger in an isolated system, compared to a system connected to a reservoir by a semi-permeable membrane -- with both systems being at exactly the same pH.
Using the Gaia excess uncertainty as a proxy for stellar variability and age
Creators: name: Barber, Madyson G.
name: Mann, Andrew W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Stars are known to be more active when they are young, resulting in a strong correlation between age and photometric variability. The amplitude variation between stars of a given age is large, but the age-variability relation becomes strong over large groups of stars. We explore this relation using the excess photometric uncertainty in Gaia photometry ($Var_{G}$, $Var_{BP}$, and $Var_{RP}$) as a proxy for variability. The metrics follow a Skumanich-like relation, scaling as $\simeq t^{-0.4}$. By calibrating against a set of associations with known ages, we show how $Var$ of population members can predict group ages within 10-20% for associations younger than $\simeq$2.5 Gyr. In practice, age uncertainties are larger, primarily due to finite group size. The index is most useful at the youngest ages ($<$100 Myr), where the uncertainties are comparable to or better than those derived from a color-magnitude diagram. The index is also widely available, easy to calculate, and can be used at intermediate ages where there are few or no pre- or post-main-sequence stars. We further show how $Var$ can be used to find new associations and test if a group of co-moving stars is a real co-eval population. We apply our methods on the Theia groups within 350 pc and find $\gtrsim$90% are inconsistent with drawing stars from the field and $\simeq$80% have variability ages consistent with those derived from the CMD. Our finding suggest the great majority of these groups contain real populations.
description: Accepted to ApJ. 19 pages, 9 figures, 3 tables. For associated code, see https://github.com/madysonb/EVA
Bio-inspired spike-based Hippocampus and Posterior Parietal Cortex models for robot navigation and environment pseudo-mapping
Creators: name: Casanueva-Morato, Daniel
name: Ayuso-Martinez, Alvaro
name: Dominguez-Morales, Juan P.
name: Jimenez-Fernandez, Angel
name: Jimenez-Moreno, Gabriel
name: Perez-Pena, Fernando
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The brain has a great capacity for computation and efficient resolution of complex problems, far surpassing modern computers. Neuromorphic engineering seeks to mimic the basic principles of the brain to develop systems capable of achieving such capabilities. In the neuromorphic field, navigation systems are of great interest due to their potential applicability to robotics, although these systems are still a challenge to be solved. This work proposes a spike-based robotic navigation and environment pseudomapping system formed by a bio-inspired hippocampal memory model connected to a Posterior Parietal Cortex model. The hippocampus is in charge of maintaining a representation of an environment state map, and the PPC is in charge of local decision-making. This system was implemented on the SpiNNaker hardware platform using Spiking Neural Networks. A set of real-time experiments was applied to demonstrate the correct functioning of the system in virtual and physical environments on a robotic platform. The system is able to navigate through the environment to reach a goal position starting from an initial position, avoiding obstacles and mapping the environment. To the best of the authors knowledge, this is the first implementation of an environment pseudo-mapping system with dynamic learning based on a bio-inspired hippocampal memory.
description: 24 pages, 10 figures, journal, Neural Networks
The influence of macro environmental factors on export performance: The case of garment sector in Addis Ababa
Creators: name: Degef, Birtukan
Publisher: name: National Academic Digital Repository of Ethiopia
Year: 2018

description: Macro environment and Export performance are regarded as factors that have a great potential to facilitate growth. The purpose of this study was to study about the influence of macro environment on Export performance in garment sector in Addis Ababa .Specifically, the study was guided by the following objectives; to examine the effect of political, economic, technological, social and natural factors on export performance. The study adopted explanatory research design using both quantitative and qualitative approach. The target population for the study consists of only companies engaged in export and producing garment and located in Addis The target population of the study is 32 participants in number, the general population is very few: Therefore, in order to get adequate information and for creditability, truth worthiness, generality and representativeness of the finding the whole target population is participant and the researcher addressed 3 respondents from one company. To collect the primary data, the researcher used mainly questionnaire. Semi-Structured questionnaire was used to collect data from companies to collect primary data. The questionnaire was developed mainly based on macro environmental factors and export performance. The data collection instrument used for the research was questionnaire. In the questionnaire a five-point Likert scale were used. Normality test was done for dependent variable in order to aid subsequent analysis. Factor analysis was also done to reduce the data to meaningful size. The data obtained was analyzed using both qualitative and quantitative analysis. Correlation analysis was used to test the direction of relationship between the independent variables and dependent variable. Multiple linear regressions were used to test political, economic, technological, social and natural factors have any influence on export performance. The findings of the study suggested that macro environmental factors were a significant area a firm should give attention in order to achieve targeted export objectives. The study will contribute to the body of knowledge in that organizations will gain practical insights into the determinants of export performance thereby enriching their knowledge how to improve export performance.
UV-Visible Absorption Spectra of Solvated Molecules by Quantum Chemical Machine Learning
Creators: name: Chen, Zekun
name: Bononi, Fernanda C.
name: Sievers, Charles A.
name: Kong, Wang-Yeuk
name: Donadio, Davide
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Predicting UV-visible absorption spectra is essential to understanding photochemical processes and designing energy materials. Quantum chemical methods can deliver accurate calculations of UV-visible absorption spectra, but they are computationally expensive, especially for large systems or when one computes line shapes from thermal averages. Here, we present an approach to predicting UV-visible absorption spectra of solvated aromatic molecules by quantum chemistry (QC) and machine learning (ML). We show that a ML model, trained on the high-level QC calculation of the excitation energy of a set of aromatic molecules, can accurately predict the line shape of the lowest-energy UV-visible absorption band of several related molecules with less than 0.1 eV deviation with respect to reference experimental spectra. Applying linear decomposition analysis on the excitation energies, we unveil that our ML models probe vertical excitations of these aromatic molecules primarily by learning the atomic environment of their phenyl rings, which align with the physical origin of the $π\rightarrowπ^\star$ electronic transition. Our study provides an effective workflow that combines ML with quantum chemical methods to accelerate the calculations of UV-visible absorption spectra for various molecular systems.
description: 8 Figures
The Benefits and Challenges of Adopting the International Public Sector Accounting Standards in Foreign Charities in Ethiopia
Creators: name: Juhar, Sanni
Publisher: name: National Academic Digital Repository of Ethiopia
Year: 2017

description: This study examined the benefits and challenges of adopting the International Public Sector Accounting Standards (IPSAS) in the foreign charity organizations working in Ethiopia. The objectives of the study was to provide an insight on the contribution of adopting IPSAS in enhancing the level of accountability, transparency, strengthening the stakeholders perception of the standards and taking educational and professional responsibilities. The population of study was 353 foreign charity organizations and 2 government offices (CHSA and AABE). Using purposive sampling,35 foreign charities organizations and 2 government offices were selected for this study. 75 sample respondents, who were understanding IPSAS's objectives and were responsible for the adoption process, were taken from the above institutions to fill the questionnaire. Before processing the responses, the completed questionnaires were edited for completeness and consistency. The data was then coded to enable the responses to be grouped into various categories. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, correlations, and multiple linear regression analysis The main results evidenced that the adoption of IPSAS enhances level of accountability through asset management and transparency in information provided in the financial reports. It was also found that IPSAS adoption is feasible target and clearer understanding of the standard leads to effective implementation. It was also observed that Charity organizations , CHSA,AABE, Universities and professionals need to take the educational and professional responsibilities for qualifying the standards which leads to effective implementation and bring the greater advantages. However, the adoption of IPSASs will have challenges including cost of training ,new manuals, unavailability of adequate staffs in the market, lack of wide participation in the organization, difficulty in recognition, measurement and valuation of assets, delay in amendment to local regulations and lack of coordination and communication. It was recommended that Foreign Charity Organizations should adopt IPSASs for better management, accountability and transparency in financial reporting which implies that CHSA need to amend the existing financial reporting framework proclamation no 621/2009. AABE should also encourage the use of IPSAS which help to attract more donors with big resource into the country. Key words: Accountability, Transparency, adoption, IPSAS, Foreign Charity Organization in Ethiopia.
Discretization of C*-algebras
Creators: name: Heunen, Chris
name: Reyes, Manuel L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 46L85, 46M15 (Primary), 46L30 (Secondary)

description: We investigate how a C*-algebra could consist of functions on a noncommutative set: a discretization of a C*-algebra $A$ is a $*$-homomorphism $A \to M$ that factors through the canonical inclusion $C(X) \subseteq \ell^\infty(X)$ when restricted to a commutative C*-subalgebra. Any C*-algebra admits an injective but nonfunctorial discretization, as well as a possibly noninjective functorial discretization, where $M$ is a C*-algebra. Any subhomogenous C*-algebra admits an injective functorial discretization, where $M$ is a W*-algebra. However, any functorial discretization, where $M$ is an AW*-algebra, must trivialize $A = B(H)$ for any infinite-dimensional Hilbert space $H$.
description: 16 pages. This paper supersedes arXiv:1412.1721
Incremental Few-Shot Object Detection via Simple Fine-Tuning Approach
Creators: name: Choi, Tae-Min
name: Kim, Jong-Hwan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper, we explore incremental few-shot object detection (iFSD), which incrementally learns novel classes using only a few examples without revisiting base classes. Previous iFSD works achieved the desired results by applying meta-learning. However, meta-learning approaches show insufficient performance that is difficult to apply to practical problems. In this light, we propose a simple fine-tuning-based approach, the Incremental Two-stage Fine-tuning Approach (iTFA) for iFSD, which contains three steps: 1) base training using abundant base classes with the class-agnostic box regressor, 2) separation of the RoI feature extractor and classifier into the base and novel class branches for preserving base knowledge, and 3) fine-tuning the novel branch using only a few novel class examples. We evaluate our iTFA on the real-world datasets PASCAL VOC, COCO, and LVIS. iTFA achieves competitive performance in COCO and shows a 30% higher AP accuracy than meta-learning methods in the LVIS dataset. Experimental results show the effectiveness and applicability of our proposed method.
description: Accepted to ICRA 2023
Structural, optical, and thermal properties of BN thin films grown on diamond via pulsed laser deposition
Creators: name: Biswas, Abhijit
name: Alvarez, Gustavo A.
name: Li, Tao
name: Christiansen-Salameh, Joyce
name: Jeong, Eugene
name: Puthirath, Anand B.
name: Iyengar, Sathvik Ajay
name: Li, Chenxi
name: Gray, Tia
name: Zhang, Xiang
name: Pieshkov, Tymofii S.
name: Kannan, Harikishan
name: Elkins, Jacob
name: Vajtai, Robert
name: Birdwell, A. Glen
name: Neupane, Mahesh R.
name: Garratt, Elias J.
name: Pate, Bradford B.
name: Ivanov, Tony G.
name: Zhao, Yuji
name: Tian, Zhiting
name: Ajayan, Pulickel M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Heterostructures based on ultrawide-bandgap (UWBG) semiconductors (bandgap >4.0 eV), boron nitride (BN) and diamond are important for next-generation high-power electronics. However, in-situ hetero-epitaxy of BN/diamond or vice-versa remains extremely challenging, due to their non-trivial growth kinetics. Here, we have grown BN thin film on (100) single crystal diamond by pulsed laser deposition and investigated its structural and magnetic properties, optical refractive index, and thermal conductivity. Structural characterizations confirm the mixed (stable hexagonal and metastable cubic) phase growth. Film shows diamagnetic behavior at room temperature. It displays anisotropic refractive index within the visible-to-near-infrared wavelength range. The room temperature cross-plane thermal conductivity of BN is ~1.53 W/(mK), and the thermal conductance of the BN/diamond interface is ~20 MW/(m2K). Our findings are useful for various device related applications based on UWBG BN/diamond heterostructures.
description: 16 pages, 4 figures
Exploring Systematic Effects in the Relation Between Stellar Mass, Gas Phase Metallicity, and Star Formation Rate
Creators: name: Telford, O. Grace
name: Dalcanton, Julianne J.
name: Skillman, Evan D.
name: Conroy, Charlie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: There is evidence that the well-established mass-metallicity relation in galaxies is correlated with a third parameter: star formation rate (SFR). The strength of this correlation may be used to disentangle the relative importance of different physical processes (e.g., infall of pristine gas, metal-enriched outflows) in governing chemical evolution. However, all three parameters are susceptible to biases that might affect the observed strength of the relation between them. We analyze possible sources of systematic error, including sample bias, application of signal-to-noise ratio cuts on emission lines, choice of metallicity calibration, uncertainty in stellar mass determination, aperture effects, and dust. We present the first analysis of the relation between stellar mass, gas phase metallicity, and SFR using strong line abundance diagnostics from Dopita et al. (2013) for ~130,000 star-forming galaxies in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey and provide a detailed comparison of these diagnostics in an appendix. Using these abundance diagnostics yields a 30-55% weaker anti-correlation between metallicity and SFR at fixed stellar mass than that reported by Mannucci et al. (2010). We find that, for all abundance diagnostics, the anti-correlation with SFR is stronger for the relatively few galaxies whose current SFRs are elevated above their past average SFRs. This is also true for the new abundance diagnostic of Dopita et al. (2016), which gives anti-correlation between metallicity and SFR only in the high specific star formation rate (sSFR) regime, in contrast to the recent results of Kashino et al. (2016). The poorly constrained strength of the relation between stellar mass, metallicity, and SFR must be carefully accounted for in theoretical studies of chemical evolution.
description: 21 pages, 18 figures. Accepted to the Astrophysical Journal. Updated to match published version (minor changes)
Gamma-ray Excess from a Stacked Sample of High- and Intermediate-frequency Peaked Blazars Observed with the MAGIC Telescope
Creators: name: Aleksic, J.
name: Antonelli, L.-A.
name: Antoranz, P.
name: Backes, M.
name: Baixeras, C.
name: Barrio, J. A.
name: Bastieri, D.
name: Becerra González, J.
name: Bednarek, W.
name: Berdyugin, A.
name: Berger, K.
name: Garczarczyk, M.
name: Gaug, M.
name: Godinovic, N.
name: Hadasch, D.
name: Herrero, A.
name: Hildebrand, D.
name: Höhne-Mönch, D.
name: Hose, J.
name: Hrupec, D.
name: Hsu, C. C.
name: Pegna, R. G.
name: Jogler, T.
name: Klepser, S.
name: Krähenbühl, T.
name: Kranich, D.
name: La Barbera, A.
name: Laille, A.
name: Leonardo, E.
name: Lindfors, E.
name: Lombardi, S.
name: Longo, F.
name: Perez-Torres, M. A.
name: López, M.
name: Lorenz, E.
name: Majumdar, P.
name: Maneva, G.
name: Mankuzhiyil, N.
name: Mannheim, K.
name: Maraschi, L.
name: Mariotti, M.
name: Martínez, M.
name: Mazin, D.
name: Persic, M.
name: Meucci, M.
name: Miranda, J. M.
name: Mirzoyan, R.
name: Miyamoto, H.
name: Moldón, J.
name: Moles, M.
name: Moralejo, A.
name: Nieto, D.
name: Nilsson, K.
name: Ninkovic, J.
name: Peruzzo, L.
name: Orito, R.
name: Oya, I.
name: Paiano, S.
name: Paoletti, R.
name: Paredes, J. M.
name: Partini, S.
name: Pasanen, M.
name: Pascoli, D.
name: Pauss, F.
name: Prada, F.
name: Prandini, E.
name: Puchades, N.
name: Puljak, I.
name: Reichardt, I.
name: Rhode, W.
name: Bernardini, E.
name: Ribó, M.
name: Rico, J.
name: Rissi, M.
name: Rügamer, S.
name: Saggion, A.
name: Saito, T. Y.
name: Salvati, M.
name: Sánchez-Conde, M.
name: Satalecka, K.
name: Scalzotto, V.
name: Biland, A.
name: Scapin, V.
name: Schultz, C.
name: Schweizer, T.
name: Shayduk, M.
name: Shore, S. N.
name: Sierpowska-Bartosik, A.
name: Sillanpää, A.
name: Sitarek, J.
name: Sobczynska, D.
name: Spanier, F.
name: Blanch, O.
name: Spiro, S.
name: Stamerra, A.
name: Steinke, B.
name: Struebig, J. C.
name: Suric, T.
name: Takalo, L.
name: Tavecchio, F.
name: Temnikov, P.
name: Terzic, T.
name: Tescaro, D.
name: Bock, R. K.
name: Teshima, M.
name: Tibolla, O.
name: Torres, D. F.
name: Vankov, H.
name: Wagner, R. M.
name: Weitzel, Q.
name: Zabalza, V.
name: Zandanel, F.
name: Zanin, R.
name: Bonnoli, G.
name: Bordas, P.
name: Borla Tridon, D.
name: Bosch-Ramon, V.
name: Bose, D.
name: Braun, I.
name: Bretz, T.
name: Britzger, D.
name: Camara, M.
name: Carmona, E.
name: Carosi, A.
name: Colin, P.
name: Commichau, S.
name: Contreras, J. L.
name: Cortina, J.
name: Costado, M. T.
name: Covino, S.
name: Dazzi, F.
name: De Angelis, A.
name: De Cea Del Pozo, E.
name: Delgado Mendez, C.
name: De Los Reyes, R.
name: De Lotto, B.
name: De Maria, M.
name: De Sabata, F.
name: Doert, M.
name: Domínguez, A.
name: Dominis Prester, D.
name: Dorner, D.
name: Doro, M.
name: Elsaesser, D.
name: Errando, M.
name: Ferenc, D.
name: Fonseca, M. V.
name: Font, L.
name: García López, R. J.
Publisher: name: Institute of Physics
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: 004

description: The Astrophysical Journal ; Volume 729, Number 2
The Effect of Promotion on Medical Students Prescribing Behavior: Evidence from Yekatit12 Medical College Students
Creators: name: Seid, Hanan
Publisher: name: National Academic Digital Repository of Ethiopia
Year: 2017

description: The purpose of this study is to assess the effect of promotion on medical students' prescribing behavior. A total of 164 medical students in Yekatit 12 Hospital were used in the study. Self-administered survey questionnaire was used to collect data. Accordingly the thesis assesses very important research questions on medical students' prescribing behavior due to the promotional activity, PSRs, Gifts, Detailing and Sample drugs, by pharmaceutical companies. The finding show that the overall level of promotion and medical students prescribing behavior is in a good range specially for detailing which is in a strong range relatively. Correlation analysis was used to examine the relationship between study variables. Regression analysis were used to conclude the result of undertaken study and conclusion suggests the PSRs, Detailing and sample drugs have direct and significant effect on medical students' prescribing behavior while gift does not affect significantly. Finally, suggestions and recommendations are forwarded for ensuring the effective and ethical pharmaceutical promotion.
Joint machine learning analysis of muon spectroscopy data from different materials
Creators: name: Tula, T.
name: Möller, G.
name: Quintanilla, J.
name: Giblin, S. R.
name: Hillier, A. D.
name: McCabe, E. E.
name: Ramos, S.
name: Barker, D. S.
name: Gibson, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Machine learning (ML) methods have proved to be a very successful tool in physical sciences, especially when applied to experimental data analysis. Artificial intelligence is particularly good at recognizing patterns in high dimensional data, where it usually outperforms humans. Here we applied a simple ML tool called principal component analysis (PCA) to study data from muon spectroscopy. The measured quantity from this experiment is an asymmetry function, which holds the information about the average intrinsic magnetic field of the sample. A change in the asymmetry function might indicate a phase transition; however, these changes can be very subtle, and existing methods of analyzing the data require knowledge about the specific physics of the material. PCA is an unsupervised ML tool, which means that no assumption about the input data is required, yet we found that it still can be successfully applied to asymmetry curves, and the indications of phase transitions can be recovered. The method was applied to a range of magnetic materials with different underlying physics. We discovered that performing PCA on all those materials simultaneously can have a positive effect on the clarity of phase transition indicators and can also improve the detection of the most important variations of asymmetry functions. For this joint PCA we introduce a simple way to track the contributions from different materials for a more meaningful analysis.
description: 4 pages, 1 figure, to be published in Journal of Physics: Conference Series, proceedings paper from SCES 2020 conference
Evidence for magnetar formation in broad-lined type Ic supernovae 1998bw and 2002ap
Creators: name: Wang, L. J.
name: Yu, H.
name: Liu, L. D.
name: Wang, S. Q.
name: Han, Y. H.
name: Xu, D.
name: Dai, Z. G.
name: Qiu, Y. L.
name: Wei, J. Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Broad-lined type Ic supernovae (SNe Ic-BL) are peculiar stellar explosions that distinguish themselves from ordinary SNe. Some SNe Ic-BL are associated with long-duration (\gtrsim 2 s) gamma-ray bursts (GRBs). Black holes and magnetars are two types of compact objects that are hypothesized to be central engines of GRBs. In spite of decades of investigations, no direct evidence for the formation of black holes or magnetars has been found for GRBs so far. Here we report the finding that the early peak (t \lesssim 50 days) and late-time (t \gtrsim 300 days) slow decay displayed in the light curves of both SNe 1998bw (associated with GRB 980425) and 2002ap (not GRB-associated) can be attributed to magnetar spin-down with initial rotation period P0 \sim 20 ms, while the intermediate-time (50 \lesssim t \lesssim 300 days) linear decline is caused by radioactive decay of 56Ni. The connection between the early peak and late-time slow decline in the light curves is unexpected in alternative models. We thus suggest that GRB 980425 and SN 2002ap were powered by magnetars.
description: 11 pages, 4 figures, ApJ accepted
The Role of Rural Saving and Credit Cooperatives in Enhancing Financial Inclusion: A Case of Biftu Batu Rural Saving and Credit Cooperative
Creators: name: Tilahun, Tadele
Publisher: name: National Academic Digital Repository of Ethiopia
Year: 2014

description: Ethiopia has a very low rural banking density and a lowest financial inclusion standing as mainstream financial institutions are heavily tilted towards the urban centers with good physical infrastructure, and leaving the rural areas underserved. On the other hand, with local ownership and control, RuSACCOs are considered as an ideal model for enhancing financial inclusion, and can help financially excluded segments who are often perceived as too risky by commercial banks and MFIs. Yet, the role of rural financial cooperatives as financial inclusion model haven't been well thought by the regulatory institutions and other actors. With these premises, the study have explored the role of rural-based saving and credit cooperative society in improving financial inclusion. Data required for the study were collected from both primary and secondary sources. It was conducted on a single selected RuSACCO in Adami Tullu Jiddo Kombolcha district in Oromia region of Ethiopia. The cooperative society has generated an opportunity for the excluded poor segments through creating financial access, delivering micro-credit, promoting savings, and financial literacy. This is of utmost importance in order to upgrade RuSACCOs as a key actors in financial inclusion. The study calls for an improved enabling environment for pro-poor actors like financial cooperatives (RuSACCOs) to improve financial inclusion. Keywords: Cooperative, Financial Inclusion, Financial Exclusion, Financial Services, RuSACCO
The transformation of the urban sign : a study of a dialectic between representation and abstraction : geometry, sign and symbol
Creators: name: Memishi, Asim.
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2022

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
Floquet-engineered chiral-induced spin selectivity
Creators: name: Phuc, Nguyen Thanh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The control of electron spin, which is crucial to the stability of matter, offers new possibilities for manipulating the properties of molecules and materials with potential applications in spintronics and chemical reactions. Recent experiments have demonstrated that electron transmission through chiral molecules depends on the electron spin orientation, a phenomenon known as chiral-induced spin selectivity (CISS). In this study, we show that CISS can be observed in achiral systems driven by an external circularly polarized laser field in the framework of Floquet engineering. By using the Floquet theory for a time-periodically driven system to investigate spin-dependent electron transport in a two-terminal setup, we demonstrate that the spin polarization can approach unity if the light intensity is sufficiently strong, the rate of dephasing is sufficiently small, and the average chemical potential of the two leads is within an appropriate range of values, which is narrow because of the high frequency of the laser field. To obtain a wider range of energies for large spin polarization, a combination of chiral molecules and light-matter interactions is considered and the spin polarization of electrons transported through a helical molecule driven by a laser field is evaluated.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures
Observer Design for a Flexible Structure with Distributed and Point Sensors
Creators: name: Zuyev, Alexander
name: Kalosha, Julia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 93B07, 74K10

description: The paper is devoted to the observability study of a dynamic system, which describes the vibrations of an elastic beam with an attached rigid body and distributed control actions. The mathematical model is derived using Hamilton's principle in the form of the Euler-Bernoulli beam equation with hinged boundary conditions and interface condition at the point of attachment of the rigid body. It is assumed that the sensors distributed along the beam provide output information about the deformation in neighborhoods of the specified points of the beam. Based on the variational form of the equations of motion, the spectral problem for defining the eigenfrequencies and eigenfunctions of the beam oscillations is obtained. Some properties of the eigenvalues and eigenfunctions of the spectral problem are investigated. Finite-dimensional approximations of the dynamic equations are constructed in the linear manifold spanned by the system of eigenfunctions. For these Galerkin approximations, observability conditions for the control system with incomplete information about the state are derived. An algorithm for observer design with an arbitrary number of modal coordinates is proposed for the differential equation on a finite-dimensional manifold. Based on a quadratic Lyapunov function with respect to the coordinates of the finite-dimensional state vector, the exponential convergence of the observer dynamics is proved. The proposed method of constructing a dynamic observer makes it possible to estimate the full system state by the output signals characterizing the motion of particular point only. Numerical simulations illustrate the exponential decay of the norm of solutions of the system of ordinary differential equations that describes the observation error.
description: This is a preprint version of the paper submitted to Proceedings of the Institute of Applied Mathematics and Mechanics, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine
Direct visualization of the charge transfer in Graphene/$α$-RuCl$_3$ heterostructure
Creators: name: Rossi, Antonio
name: Dettori, Riccardo
name: Johnson, Cameron
name: Balgley, Jesse
name: Thomas, John C.
name: Francaviglia, Luca
name: Schmid, Andreas K.
name: Watanabe, Kenji
name: Taniguchi, Takashi
name: Cothrine, Matthew
name: Mandrus, David G.
name: Jozwiak, Chris
name: Bostwick, Aaron
name: Henriksen, Erik A.
name: Weber-Bargioni, Alexander
name: Rotenberg, Eli
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the electronic properties of a graphene and $α$-ruthenium trichloride (hereafter RuCl$_3$) heterostructure, using a combination of experimental and theoretical techniques. RuCl$_3$ is a Mott insulator and a Kitaev material, and its combination with graphene has gained increasing attention due to its potential applicability in novel electronic and optoelectronic devices. By using a combination of spatially resolved photoemission spectroscopy, low energy electron microscopy, and density functional theory (DFT) calculations we are able to provide a first direct visualization of the massive charge transfer from graphene to RuCl$_3$, which can modify the electronic properties of both materials, leading to novel electronic phenomena at their interface. The electronic band structure is compared to DFT calculations that confirm the occurrence of a Mott transition for RuCl$_3$. Finally, a measurement of spatially resolved work function allows for a direct estimate of the interface dipole between graphene and RuCl$_3$. The strong coupling between graphene and RuCl$_3$ could lead to new ways of manipulating electronic properties of two-dimensional lateral heterojunction. Understanding the electronic properties of this structure is pivotal for designing next generation low-power opto-electronics devices.
Short-time Behaviour and Criticality of Driven Lattice Gases
Creators: name: Basu, Urna
name: Volpati, Valerio
name: Caracciolo, Sergio
name: Gambassi, Andrea
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The nonequilibrium short-time critical behaviors of driven and undriven lattice gases are investigated via Monte Carlo simulations in two spatial dimensions starting from a fully disordered initial configuration. In particular, we study the time evolution of suitably defined order parameters, which account for the strong anisotropy introduced by the homogeneous drive. We demonstrate that, at short times, the dynamics of all these models is unexpectedly described by an effective continuum theory in which transverse fluctuations, i.e., fluctuations averaged along the drive, are Gaussian, irrespective of this being actually the case in the stationary state. Strong numerical evidence is provided, in remarkable agreement with that theory, both for the driven and undriven lattice gases, which therefore turn out to display the same short-time dynamics.
description: 4 figures in the main text, 1 figure in the supplemental material