cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
How One can Repair Non-integrable Kahan Discretizations. II. A Planar System with Invariant Curves of Degree 6
Creators: name: Schmalian, Misha
name: Suris, Yuri B.
name: Tumarkin, Yuriy
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 510 Mathematik
subject: birational maps
subject: discrete integrable systems
subject: elliptic pencil
subject: integrable discretization
subject: rational elliptic surface

description: We find a novel one-parameter family of integrable quadratic Cremona maps of the plane preserving a pencil of curves of degree 6 and of genus 1. They turn out to serve as Kahan-type discretizations of a novel family of quadratic vector fields possessing a polynomial integral of degree 6 whose level curves are of genus 1, as well. These vector fields are non-homogeneous generalizations of reduced Nahm systems for magnetic monopoles with icosahedral symmetry, introduced by Hitchin, Manton and Murray. The straightforward Kahan discretization of these novel non-homogeneous systems is non-integrable. However, this drawback is repaired by introducing adjustments of order 𝑂(𝜖2) in the coefficients of the discretization, where 𝜖 is the stepsize.
Iron Age and Roman quern manufacture in the middle Derwent valley, Derbyshire
Creators: name: Palfreyman, Alan
name: Ebbins, Susan
Publisher: name: Archaeology Data Service
Year: 2021

description: The Derbyshire Archaeological Journal, 138, 14-38
description: Excavation at Blackbrook and further extensive fi eldwork by the authors in the Ambergate area has revealed evidence for a quern making industry within the middle Derwent valley during the late Iron Age and Roman periods. The sites are scattered along the ridges of Ashover grit fl anking the valley sides, now mostly overgrown with woodland and scrub. The evidence of quarrying and quern production in this area has not been previously dated or the quern types categorised.
Mapping the H$_{2}$D$^{+}$ and N$_{2}$H$^{+}$ emission towards prestellar cores. Testing dynamical models of the collapse using gas tracers
Creators: name: Koumpia, E.
name: Evans, L.
name: Di Francesco, J.
name: van der Tak, F. F. S.
name: Oudmaijer, R. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The study of prestellar cores is critical as they set the initial conditions in star formation and determine the final mass of the stellar object. To date, several hypotheses are describing their gravitational collapse. We perform detailed line analysis and modelling of H$_{2}$D$^{+}$ 110 -111 and N$_{2}$H$^{+}$ 4-3 emission at 372 GHz, using 2'x2' maps (JCMT). Our goal is to test the most prominent dynamical models by comparing the modelled gas kinematics and spatial distribution (H$_{2}$D$^{+}$ and N$_{2}$H$^{+}$) with observations towards four prestellar (L1544, L183, L694-2, L1517B) and one protostellar core (L1521f). We perform a detailed non-LTE radiative transfer modelling using RATRAN, where we compare the predicted spatial distribution and line profiles of H$_{2}$D$^{+}$ and N$_{2}$H$^{+}$ with observations towards all cores. To do so, we adopt the physical structure for each core predicted by three different dynamical models taken from literature: Quasi-Equilibrium Bonnor-Ebert Sphere (QE-BES), Singular Isothermal Sphere (SIS), and Larson-Penston (LP) flow. Our analysis provides an updated picture of the physical structure of prestellar cores. We find that the SIS model can be clearly excluded in explaining the gas emission towards the cores, but a larger sample is required to differentiate clearly between the LP flow, the QE-BES and the static models. All models of collapse underestimate the intensity of the gas emission by up to several factors towards the only protostellar core in our sample, indicating that different dynamics take place in different evolutionary core stages. If the LP model is confirmed towards a larger sample of prestellar cores, it would indicate that they may form by compression or accretion of gas from larger scales. If the QE-BES model is confirmed, it means that quasi hydrostatic cores can exist within turbulent ISM.
description: 32 pages, 24 figures, 5 tables (Accepted for publication in A&A)
Quantum estimation of coupling strengths in driven-dissipative optomechanics
Creators: name: Sala, Kamila
name: Doicin, Anton
name: Armour, Andrew D.
name: Tufarelli, Tommaso
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We exploit local quantum estimation theory to investigate the measurement of linear and quadratic coupling strengths in a driven-dissipative optomechanical system. For experimentally realistic values of the model parameters, we find that the linear coupling strength is considerably easier to estimate than the quadratic one. Our analysis also reveals that the majority of information about these parameters is encoded in the reduced state of the mechanical element, and that the best estimation strategy for both coupling parameters is well approximated by a direct measurement of the mechanical position quadrature. Interestingly, we also show that temperature does not always have a detrimental effect on the estimation precision, and that the effects of temperature are more pronounced in the case of the quadratic coupling parameter.
description: 13 pages, 6 figures, comments welcome
Generalised Ornstein-Uhlenbeck processes
Creators: name: Bezuglyy, V.
name: Mehlig, B.
name: Wilkinson, M.
name: Nakamura, K.
name: Arvedson, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We solve a physically significant extension of a classic problem in the theory of diffusion, namely the Ornstein-Uhlenbeck process [G. E. Ornstein and L. S. Uhlenbeck, Phys. Rev. 36, 823, (1930)]. Our generalised Ornstein-Uhlenbeck systems include a force which depends upon the position of the particle, as well as upon time. They exhibit anomalous diffusion at short times, and non-Maxwellian velocity distributions in equilibrium. Two approaches are used. Some statistics are obtained from a closed-form expression for the propagator of the Fokker-Planck equation for the case where the particle is initially at rest. In the general case we use spectral decomposition of a Fokker-Planck equation, employing nonlinear creation and annihilation operators to generate the spectrum which consists of two staggered ladders.
description: 24 pages, 2 figures
Baryonic Tully-Fisher test of Grumiller's modified gravity model
Creators: name: Ghosh, Samrat
name: Bhadra, Arunava
name: Mukhopadhyay, Amitabha
name: Sarkar, Kabita
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We test the Grumiller's quantum motivated modified gravity model, which at large distances modifies the Newtonian potential and describes the galactic rotation curves of disk galaxies in terms of a Rindler acceleration term without the need of any dark matter, against the baryonic Tully-Fisher feature that relates the total baryonic mass of a galaxy with flat rotation velocity of the galaxy. We estimate the Rindler acceleration parameter from observed baryonic mass versus rotation velocity data of a sample of sixty galaxies. Grumiller's model is found to describe the observed data reasonably well.
description: 4 pages, two figures, To appear in Gravitation and Cosmology
Archaeological excavation on land at Derby Road, Aston on Trent, South Derbyshire
Creators: name: Bryant-Buck, Harriet
name: Smith, Alex
Publisher: name: Archaeology Data Service
Year: 2021

description: The Derbyshire Archaeological Journal, 138, 39-42
description: In 2016, Headland Archaeology (UK) conducted an excavation on a parcel of agricultural land north of the village of Aston on Trent, Derbyshire (SK 41033 30970), prior to the development of a new crematorium (Fig. 1). The excavation covered approximately 2000m2, on an underlying geology of Branscome mudstone, overlain by deposits of Allerton Terrace sands and gravels (NERC 2017). The following paragraphs provide a summary of the excavation; the full archaeological report is available through the Archaeology Data Service (ADS) OASIS Ref: headland3-289425.
Mean clustering coefficients: the role of isolated nodes and leafs on clustering measures for small-world networks
Creators: name: Kaiser, Marcus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Molecular Networks (q-bio.MN)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Many networks exhibit the small-world property of the neighborhood connectivity being higher than in comparable random networks. However, the standard measure of local neighborhood clustering is typically not defined if a node has one or no neighbors. In such cases, local clustering has traditionally been set to zero and this value influenced the global clustering coefficient. Such a procedure leads to underestimation of the neighborhood clustering in sparse networks. We propose to include $θ$ as the proportion of leafs and isolated nodes to estimate the contribution of these cases and provide a formula for estimating a clustering coefficient excluding these cases from the Watts and Strogatz (1998 Nature 393 440-2) definition of the clustering coefficient. Excluding leafs and isolated nodes leads to values which are up to 140% higher than the traditional values for the observed networks indicating that neighborhood connectivity is normally underestimated. We find that the definition of the clustering coefficient has a major effect when comparing different networks. For metabolic networks of 43 organisms, relations changed for 58% of the comparisons when a different definition was applied. We also show that the definition influences small-world features and that the classification can change from non-small-world to small-world network. We discuss the use of an alternative measure, disconnectedness D, which is less influenced by leafs and isolated nodes.
description: final version of the manuscript
Neon Abundances in B-Stars of the Orion Association: Solving the Solar Model Problem?
Creators: name: Cunha, Katia
name: Hubeny, Ivan
name: Lanz, Thierry
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on non-LTE Ne abundances for a sample of B-type stellar members of the Orion Association. The abundances were derived by means of non-LTE fully metal-blanketed model atmospheres and extensive model atoms with updated atomic data. We find that these young stars have a very homogeneous abundance of A(Ne) = 8.27 +/- 0.05. This abundance is higher by ~0.4 dex than currently adopted solar value, A(Ne)=7.84, which is derived from lines produced in the corona and active regions. The general agreement between the abundances of C, N, and O derived for B stars with the solar abundances of these elements derived from 3-D hydrodynamical models atmospheres strongly suggests that the abundance patterns of the light elements in the Sun and B stars are broadly similar. If this hypothesis is true, then the Ne abundance derived here is the same within the uncertainties as the value required to reconcile solar models with helioseismological observations.
description: 9 pages; 2 figures. ApJL Letters, in press
Marking out space: Iron Age pit alignments and Roman enclosures at Chellaston Fields, Swarkestone
Creators: name: Hunt, Leon
name: Thomas, John
Publisher: name: Archaeology Data Service
Year: 2021

description: The Derbyshire Archaeological Journal, 138, 43-60
description: Open area excavation was carried out by University of Leicester Archaeological Services (ULAS), at Chellaston Fields, Swarkestone, South Derbyshire, ahead of residential development. The Historic Environment Record for Derbyshire recorded the presence of cropmarks associated with prehistoric or Roman rural settlement in the surrounding fi elds and within the site itself. The recent work revealed archaeological features of prehistoric and Roman date, and these were the focus of the excavations. Towards the north-eastern part of the site, excavation focused on a double pit alignment running for 100m east to west, with a further group apparently running broadly north-west to south-east across the landscape. The form of the alignment, along with a small assemblage of associated pottery, places the features within the Early Iron Age period. Romano-British settlement was identifi ed on the northwestern edge of the site and was characterised by a series of ditches forming a boundary and an enclosure, with further signifi cant features including a yard surface, a possible building and a stone-lined structure; probably an oven or corn-drier. A metalled trackway running from north to south across the site was also revealed. The archive for the site will be deposited with Derby Museums and Art Gallery with accession number DBYMU: 2012.222
Hawking effect in an extremal Kerr black hole spacetime
Creators: name: Ghosh, Saumya
name: Barman, Subhajit
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is well known that extremal black holes do not Hawking radiate, which is usually realized by taking an extremal limit from the nonextremal case. However, one cannot perceive the same phenomenon using the Bogoliubov transformation method starting from an extremal black hole itself, i.e., without the limiting case consideration. In that case, the Bogoliubov coefficients do not satisfy the required normalization condition. In canonical formulation, which closely mimics the Bogoliubov transformation method, one can consistently reproduce the vanishing number density of Hawking quanta for an extremal Kerr black hole. In this method, the relation between the spatial near-null coordinates, imperative in understanding the Hawking effect, was approximated into a sum of linear and inverse terms only. In the present work, we first show that one can reach the same conclusion in canonical formulation even with the complete relationship between the near-null coordinates, which contains an additional logarithmic term. It is worth mentioning that in the nonextremal case, a similar logarithmic term alone leads to the thermal Hawking radiation. Secondly, we study the case with only the inverse term in the relation (i.e., when the spatial near-null coordinates associated to the past and future observers are inversely related to each other) to understand whether it is the main contributing term in vanishing number density. Third, for a qualitative realization, we consider a simple thought experiment to understand the corresponding Hawking temperature and conclude that the inverse term indeed plays a crucial role in the vanishing number density.
description: Modified version, to appear in Phys. Rev. D
A study of the Okubo-Zweig-Iizuka rule violations in $η_c\to VV$
Creators: name: Zhao, Qiang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the Okubo-Zweig-Iizuka (OZI) rule violation effects in $η_c\to VV$ in light of the new data from BES Collaboration. In particular, a possible non-vanishing branching ratio for $η_c\to ωϕ$ provides a hint of the degrees of OZI violations based on a recent factorization proposed for charmonium hadronic decays. The violation mechanism is studied via an intermediate meson exchange model. The results are consistent with the experimental observations.
description: 6 pages, 1 figure; typos corrected; version to appear in Phys. Lett. B
Parton Energy Loss at Twist-Six in Deeply Inelastic e-A Scattering
Creators: name: Guo, Yun
name: Zhang, Ben-Wei
name: Wang, Enke
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Within the framework of the generalized factorization in pQCD, we investigate the multiple parton scattering and induced parton energy loss at twist-6 in deeply inelastic e-A scattering with the helicity amplitude approximation. It is shown that twist-6 processes will give rise to additional nuclear size dependence of the parton energy loss due to LPM interference effect while its contribution is power suppressed.
description: 6 pages, 2 figures
Richardson extrapolation for the iterated Galerkin solution of Urysohn integral equations with Green's kernels
Creators: name: Rakshit, Gobinda
name: Rane, Akshay S.
name: Patil, Kshitij
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 45G10, 65B05, 65J15, 65R20

description: We consider a Urysohn integral operator $\mathcal{K}$ with kernel of the type of Green's function. For $r \geq 1$, a space of piecewise polynomials of degree $\leq r-1 $ with respect to a uniform partition is chosen to be the approximating space and the projection is chosen to be the orthogonal projection. Iterated Galerkin method is applied to the integral equation $x - \mathcal{K}(x) = f$. It is known that the order of convergence of the iterated Galerkin solution is $r+2$ and, at the above partition points it is $2r$. We obtain an asymptotic expansion of the iterated Galerkin solution at the partition points of the above Urysohn integral equation. Richardson extrapolation is used to improve the order of convergence. A numerical example is considered to illustrate our theoretical results.
A Roman enclosed settlement with evidence for early medieval iron smelting at Staveley Lane, Eckington
Creators: name: Allen, Martyn
name: Young, Tim
name: Simmonds, Andrew
name: Champness, Carl
Publisher: name: Archaeology Data Service
Year: 2021

description: The Derbyshire Archaeological Journal, 138, 61-91
description: Excavation by Oxford Archaeology in advance of residential development in Eckington investigated part of a rural settlement dating from the Roman period, situated within a large curvilinear enclosure ditch. The settlement was occupied from the late Iron Age or early Roman period until c. AD 200 but had been substantially affected by ploughing during the medieval and modern periods and few internal features survived. The enclosure was subsequently used for an episode of iron smelting, which was dated by radiocarbon to the mid 7th-8th century. This represents an extremely rare discovery, since a recent survey identifi ed only eight smelting sites in the entire country that date from the early and middle Anglo-Saxon period.
Oscillations of Mossbauer neutrinos
Creators: name: Akhmedov, Evgeny Kh.
name: Kopp, Joachim
name: Lindner, Manfred
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate the probability of recoilless emission and detection of neutrinos (Mossbauer effect with neutrinos) taking into account the boundedness of the parent and daughter nuclei in the neutrino source and detector as well as the leptonic mixing. We show that, in spite of their near monochromaticity, the recoillessly emitted and captured neutrinos oscillate. After a qualitative discussion of this issue, we corroborate and extend our results by computing the combined rate of $\barν_e$ production, propagation and detection in the framework of quantum field theory, starting from first principles. This allows us to avoid making any a priori assumptions about the energy and momentum of the intermediate-state neutrino. Our calculation permits quantitative predictions of the transition rate in future experiments, and shows that the decoherence and delocalization factors, which could in principle suppress neutrino oscillations, are irrelevant under realistic experimental conditions.
description: 31 pages, 2 figures, RevTeX4, minor clarifications in the text, matches version to be published in JHEP
$\textit{Ab initio}$ theory of magnetism in two-dimensional $1T$-TaS$_2$
Creators: name: Pasquier, Diego
name: Yazyev, Oleg V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate, using a first-principles density-functional methodology, the nature of magnetism in monolayer $1T$-phase of tantalum disulfide ($1T$-TaS$_2$ ). Magnetism in the insulating phase of TaS$_2$ is a longstanding puzzle and has led to a variety of theoretical proposals including notably the realization of a two-dimensional quantum-spin-liquid phase. By means of non-collinear spin calculations, we derive $\textit{ab initio}$ spin Hamiltonians including two-spin bilinear Heisenberg exchange, as well as biquadratic and four-spin ring-exchange couplings. We find that both quadratic and quartic interactions are consistently ferromagnetic, for all the functionals considered. Relativistic calculations predict substantial magnetocrystalline anisotropy. Altogether, our results suggest that this material may realize an easy-plane XXZ quantum ferromagnet with large anisotropy.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures
The Portable Antiquities Scheme in Derbyshire, 2017
Creators: name: Willis, Alastair
name: Hughes, Phil
Publisher: name: Archaeology Data Service
Year: 2021

description: The Derbyshire Archaeological Journal, 138, 92-103
description: During 2017, 437 objects were recorded in 394 records. Also in 2017, the PAS celebrated 20 years since the implementation of the Treasure Act 1996 in September 1997 and the founding of the PAS (as a pilot project). To celebrate, museums across the country put on special displays of Treasure fi nds. At Derby Museum and Art Gallery, various artefacts and coins from the museum's collection or borrowed from the public were displayed in the two part exhibition, Derbyshire Unearthed. Among the exhibits were the two gold coins from the Ashbourne Hoard (Willis 2017, 103) reunited for the fi rst time since they were separately acquired by Derby Museums and the British Museum.
Flat-spectrum symmetric objects with ~1 kpc sizes I. The candidates
Creators: name: Augusto, Pedro
name: Gonzalez-Serrano, J. Ignacio
name: Perez-Fournon, Ismael
name: Wilkinson, Peter N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In order to understand the origin and evolution of radio galaxies, searches for the youngest such sources have been conducted. Compact-medium symmetric objects (CSO-MSOs) are thought to be the earliest stages of radio sources, with possible ages of <10^3 yrs for CSOs (<1 kpc in size) and 10^4-10^5 yrs for MSOs (1-15 kpc). From a literature selection in heterogeneous surveys, we have established a sample of 37 confirmed CSOs. In addition, we only found three confirmed flat-spectrum MSOs in the literature. The typical CSO resides on a z<0.5 galaxy, has a flat radio spectrum (a_thin<0.5; S_v proportional to v^-a), is <0.3 kpc in size, has an arm length ratio <2, and well-aligned (theta<20 deg) opposite lobes with a flux density ratio <10. In order to populate the 0.3-1 kpc size range (large CSOs) and also in order to find more flat-spectrum MSOs, we have built a sample of 157 radio sources with a_{1.40}^{4.85}<0.5 that were resolved with the VLA-A 8.4 GHz. As first results, we have 'rediscovered' nine of the known CSO/MSOs while identifying two new ~14 kpc MSOs and two candidate CSO/MSOs (which only lack redshifts for final classification). We were able to reject 61 of the remaining 144 objects from literature information alone. In the series of papers that starts with this one we plan to classify the remaining 83 CSO/MSO candidates (thanks to radio and optical observations) as well as characterize the physical properties of the (likely) many 0.3-15 kpc flat-spectrum CSO/MSOs to be found.
description: 19 pages, 14 figures, 6 tables (note that Table 2, in landscape format, has a separate file); accepted by MNRAS
Effect of Surface Roughness on Early Stage Oxidation Behavior of Ni-Base Superalloy IN 625
Creators: name: Nowak, Wojciech J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the present work the effect of surface roughness on oxidation behavior during the early stages of high temperature exposure of Ni-base superalloy IN 625 is described. The surface roughness was described using standard contact profilometer as well as novel method, fractal analysis. It was found that the different surface preparation resulted in a difference in roughness with a parameter increase of at least one order of magnitude for the ground sample as compared with the polished sample. The oxidation test was performed in a horizontal tube furnace. Post exposure analyses including glow discharge optical emission spectrometry (GD OES) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), which revealed that grinding lowers the oxidation kinetics of IN 625. It was found that surface preparation influences the oxide scale composition and morphology. The hypothesis explaining the mechanism responsible for the changes in oxidation behavior is proposed as well.
description: Accepted manuscript
Semi-classical limit of Schrodinger-Poisson equations in space dimension at least 3
Creators: name: Alazard, Thomas
name: Carles, Rémi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 35B40; 35C20; 35Q40; 81Q05; 81Q20; 82D37

description: We prove the existence of solutions to the Schrodinger-Poisson system on a time interval independent of the Planck constant, when the doping profile does not necessarily decrease at infinity, in the presence of a subquadratic external potential. The lack of integrability of the doping profile is resolved by working in Zhidkov spaces, in space dimension at least three. We infer that the main quadratic quantities (position density and modified momentum density) converge strongly as the Planck constant goes to zero. When the doping profile is integrable, we prove pointwise convergence.
description: 30 pages. To appear in JDE
Symbolic solutions of some linear recurrences
Creators: name: Di Nardo, E.
name: Senato, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: A symbolic method for solving linear recurrences of combinatorial and statistical interest is introduced. This method essentially relies on a representation of polynomial sequences as moments of a symbol that looks as the framework of a random variable with no reference to any probability space. We give several examples of applications and state an explicit form for the class of linear recurrences involving Sheffer sequences satisfying a special initial condition. The results here presented can be easily implemented in a symbolic software.
description: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:0810.3554
The emergence of a heroic myth: histories of the plague in Eyam
Creators: name: Naylor, Samuel
Publisher: name: Archaeology Data Service
Year: 2021

description: The Derbyshire Archaeological Journal, 138, 120-138
description: The village of Eyam attracts thousands of visitors each year. Its fame is the result of what will be referred to as the 'traditional' story of Eyam. This tells of a voluntary quarantine intended to protect the neighbouring villages from a plague epidemic in 1666. Through analysis of a range of sources that deal with the Eyam epidemic from 1666 to the modern day, this essay will analyse the emergence of this heroic story. These accounts first appeared long after the epidemic and were promoted by poets whose artistic temperaments seemed to surpass the need for historic veracity. Similarly, they ignored the ambiguity of previous accounts of Eyam that do not allude to, and sometimes directly contradict, the 'traditional' story. The fame of the heroic myth was disseminated during the Romantic era, with the fullest account being written almost two centuries after the epidemic. Recently, authors have begun to challenge some of the claims made in the 'traditional' story, but it is useful to catalogue its emergence. Although there is very little historical evidence for the 'traditional' story, the power of the myth has been perpetuated with many people still promoting the story today. In discussing and understanding the emergence of the heroic myth, it is important to remember that the power of the myth is not dependent on its validity. Eyam still receives a local identity from the story and its fame appears to fulfil the needs of the people who continue to visit.
Intimate Partner Violence and Labour Market Outcomes in Tanzania
Creators: name: Chegere, Martin J.
name: Karamagi, Innocent John
name: Chegere, Martin J.
name: Karamagi, Innocent John
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Labor and Human Capital
subject: Intimate partner violence
subject: labour market outcomes
subject: wage differentials
subject: Tanzania

description: This paper takes data from the Tanzania National Panel Survey (TNPS) (2008-2009), fits them to the probit model to examine factors driving the probability of women to experience IPV (Intimate Partner Violence) and uses the propensity score matching to estimate the effect of IPV on women’s probability of employment and earnings. The results show that the levels of IPV in Tanzania are still alarmingly high, relative to the levels in the developed countries. It is found that IPV is exacerbated by some male characteristics, including alcohol abuse, young age, polygamy, cohabitation, among others, with violence being higher in the rural areas than in the urban areas. In addition, low property ownership for women is found to contribute to the problem. A majority of women accept to live by the oppressing traditional norms, which they are using to justify IPV. The study finds IPV to be a catalyst to self-employment for women, which may enhance their bargaining. However, the negative side is that the business incomes from such self-employment ventures are likely to be depressed. In view of these findings, we still need to continue the fight against IPV.
First identification of large electric monopole strength in well-deformed rare earth nuclei
Creators: name: Wimmer, K.
name: Bildstein, V.
name: Eppinger, K.
name: Gernhäuser, R.
name: Habs, D.
name: Hinke, Ch.
name: Kröll, Th.
name: Krücken, R.
name: Lutter, R.
name: Maier, H. -J.
name: Maierbeck, P.
name: Morgan, Th.
name: Schaile, O.
name: Schwerdtfeger, W.
name: Schwertel, S.
name: Thirolf, P. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Excited states in the well-deformed rare earth isotopes $^{154}$Sm and $^{166}$Er were populated via ``safe'' Coulomb excitation at the Munich MLL Tandem accelerator. Conversion electrons were registered in a cooled Si(Li) detector in conjunction with a magnetic transport and filter system, the Mini-Orange spectrometer. For the first excited $0^+$ state in $^{154}$Sm at 1099 keV a large value of the monopole strength for the transition to the ground state of $ρ^2(\text{E0}; 0^+_2 \to 0^+_\text{g}) = 96(42)\cdot 10^{-3}$ could be extracted. This confirms the interpretation of the lowest excited $0^+$ state in $^{154}$Sm as the collective $β$-vibrational excitation of the ground state. In $^{166}$Er the measured large electric monopole strength of $ρ^2(\text{E0}; 0^+_4 \to 0^+_1) = 127(60)\cdot 10^{-3}$ clearly identifies the $0_4^+$ state at 1934 keV to be the $β$-vibrational excitation of the ground state.
description: submitted to Physics Letters B
Dynamic dipole and quadrupole phase transitions in the kinetic spin-1 model
Creators: name: Keskin, Mustafa
name: Canko, Osman
name: Kantar, Ersin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The dynamic phase transitions have been studied, within a mean-field approach, in the kinetic spin-1 Ising model Hamiltonian with arbitrary bilinear and biquadratic pair interactions in the presence of a time varying (sinusoidal) magnetic field by using the Glauber-type stochastic dynamics. The nature (first- or second-order) of the transition is characterized by investigating the behavior of the thermal variation of the dynamic order parameters. The dynamic phase transitions (DPTs) are obtained and the phase diagrams are constructed in the temperature and magnetic field amplitude plane and found six fundamental types of phase diagrams. Phase diagrams exhibit one or two dynamic tricritical points depending on the biquadratic interaction (K). Besides the disordered (D) and ferromagnetic (F) phases, the FQ + D, F + FQ and F + D coexistence phase regions also exist in the system and the F and F + D phases disappear for high values of K.
description: 13 pages, 4 figures
Instanton induced transverse single spin asymmetry for $π^0$ production in $pp$-scattering
Creators: name: Korchagin, N.
name: Kochelev, N.
name: Zhang, Pengming
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate the production cross-section and the transverse single-spin asymmetry for pion in $p^{\uparrow}+p\to π^0 + X$. Our computation is based on existence of the instanton induced effective quark-gluon and quark-gluon-pion interactions with a strong spin dependency. In this framework we calculate the cross section without using fragmentation functions. We compare predictions of the model with data from RHIC. Our numerical results, based on the instanton liquid model for QCD vacuum, are in agreement with unpolarized cross section data. The asymmetry grows with the transverse momentum of pion $k_t$ in accordance with experimental observations. It reach value $\sim 10\%$ but at higher $k_t$ than experiment shows.
description: 14 pages, 12 figures
Re-classification of the alleged quasar Q0045-3337
Creators: name: Decarli, R.
name: Falomo, R.
name: Kotilainen, J.
name: Labita, M.
name: Scarpa, R.
name: Treves, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a medium-resolution optical spectrum of the alleged high-redshift quasar Q0045-3337, taken at the ESO/3.6m telescope. Our observations show that the object is not a quasar but a star of spectral type B. We suggest that the object is either a white dwarf or a halo population Blue Horizontal Branch star.
description: Accepted for publication in the Bentham Open Astronomy Journal
Stochastic Schroedinger equation from optimal observable evolution
Creators: name: Lacroix, Denis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this article, we consider a set of trial wave-functions denoted by $| Q \right>$ and an associated set of operators $A_α$ which generate transformations connecting those trial states. Using variational principles, we show that we can always obtain a quantum Monte-Carlo method where the quantum evolution of a system is replaced by jumps between density matrices of the form $D = |Q_a> $, $< A_{α_1} A_{α_2} >$,..., $< A_{α_1} ... A_{α_k} >$, are constrained to follow the exact Ehrenfest evolution at each time step along each stochastic trajectory. Then, a set of more and more elaborated stochastic approximations of a quantum problem is obtained which approach the exact solution when more and more constraints are imposed, i.e. when $k$ increases. The Monte-Carlo process might even become exact if the Hamiltonian $H$ applied on the trial state can be written as a polynomial of $A_α$. The formalism makes a natural connection between quantum jumps in Hilbert space and phase-space dynamics. We show that the derivation of stochastic Schroedinger equations can be greatly simplified by taking advantage of the existence of this hierarchy of approximations and its connection to the Ehrenfest theorem. Several examples are illustrated: the free wave-packet expansion, the Kerr oscillator, a generalized version of the Kerr oscillator, as well as interacting bosons or fermions.
description: 13 pages, 1 figure
Characterization of stromatolitic biosignatures after secondary dolomitization
Creators: name: Murphy, Ashley Elizabeth
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2021

description: The earliest signatures of life preserved in Earth’s rock record are found within fossilized organosedimentary structures called stromatolites. Many of these geologically ancient structures are dolomitized, but the effects of this diagenetic process on microbial biosignature preservation have yet to be properly evaluated. This dissertation research investigates the effects of dolomitization on the preservation of microbial biosignatures by evaluating the physiochemical controls on the alteration of ancient stromatolitic biosignatures in ~500 Ma stromatolites from the Allentown Formation in New Jersey, USA. Further, dolomitization experiments performed on modern stromatolites from The Bahamas are used to determine if dolomite may be used as a potential mineralogical biosignature. Additionally, a new Raman spectroscopy method was developed that provides the relative crystal orientation of dolomite and calcite minerals. Petrology, geochemistry and geothermometry results show the occurrence of organic carbon in the Allentown stromatolites is exclusive to the first generation of dolomite, and the burial and temperature alteration of the host rock matches that of the organic carbon within, which suggests that the carbon is likely biological in origin and indigenous and syngenetic with the stromatolite depositional setting. Experimentally dolomitized modern stromatolites show that the presence of organics in natural samples (sand, sediment, and stromatolites) affects dolomitization by speeding up the recrystallization process and producing distinct dolomite crystal habits and surface textures (globular, skeletal, hollow). Additionally, we found a strong correlation between dolomites’ Raman v1 mode and degree of cation order, which has not been reported in other studies. The relative Raman peak intensity ratio of the carbonate lattice modes T and L reveals the crystallographic orientation of calcite and dolomite with respect to the incident light polarization. This new Raman method yields information related to growth and deformation during diagenetic and metamorphic alteration, and may be used to identify preferred crystal orientation in microbialite fabrics. This dissertation research sheds light on the role secondary dolomitization plays in obscuring and preserving biosignatures in ancient rock, and what instrumentation would best detect these. Our findings are essential for biosignature detection in ancient carbonate rocks on Earth and Mars.
A Search for Technosignatures Around 31 Sun-like Stars with the Green Bank Telescope at 1.15-1.73 GHz
Creators: name: Margot, Jean-Luc
name: Pinchuk, Pavlo
name: Geil, Robert
name: Alexander, Stephen
name: Arora, Sparsh
name: Biswas, Swagata
name: Cebreros, Jose
name: Desai, Sanjana Prabhu
name: Duclos, Benjamin
name: Dunne, Riley
name: Lin, Kristy Kwan
name: Goel, Shashwat
name: Gonzales, Julia
name: Gonzalez, Alexander
name: Jain, Rishabh
name: Lam, Adrian
name: Lewis, Briley
name: Lewis, Rebecca
name: Li, Grace
name: MacDougall, Mason
name: Makarem, Christopher
name: Manan, Ivan
name: Molina, Eden
name: Nagib, Caroline
name: Neville, Kyle
name: O'Toole, Connor
name: Rockwell, Valerie
name: Rokushima, Yoichiro
name: Romanek, Griffin
name: Schmidgall, Carlyn
name: Seth, Samar
name: Shah, Rehan
name: Shimane, Yuri
name: Singhal, Myank
name: Tokadjian, Armen
name: Villafana, Lizvette
name: Wang, Zhixian
name: Yun, In
name: Zhu, Lujia
name: Lynch, Ryan S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We conducted a search for technosignatures in April of 2018 and 2019 with the L-band receiver (1.15-1.73 GHz) of the 100 m diameter Green Bank Telescope. These observations focused on regions surrounding 31 Sun-like stars near the plane of the Galaxy. We present the results of our search for narrowband signals in this data set as well as improvements to our data processing pipeline. Specifically, we applied an improved candidate signal detection procedure that relies on the topographic prominence of the signal power, which nearly doubles the signal detection count of some previously analyzed data sets. We also improved the direction-of-origin filters that remove most radio frequency interference (RFI) to ensure that they uniquely link signals observed in separate scans. We performed a preliminary signal injection and recovery analysis to test the performance of our pipeline. We found that our pipeline recovers 93% of the injected signals over the usable frequency range of the receiver and 98% if we exclude regions with dense RFI. In this analysis, 99.73% of the recovered signals were correctly classified as technosignature candidates. Our improved data processing pipeline classified over 99.84% of the ~26 million signals detected in our data as RFI. Of the remaining candidates, 4539 were detected outside of known RFI frequency regions. The remaining candidates were visually inspected and verified to be of anthropogenic nature. Our search compares favorably to other recent searches in terms of end-to-end sensitivity, frequency drift rate coverage, and signal detection count per unit bandwidth per unit integration time.
description: 20 pages, 8 figures, in press at the Astronomical Journal (submitted on Sept. 9, 2020; reviews received Nov. 6; re-submitted Nov. 6; accepted Nov. 17)
Photospheric Prompt Emission From Long Gamma Ray Burst Simulations -- II. Spectropolarimetry
Creators: name: Parsotan, Tyler
name: Lazzati, Davide
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Although Gamma Ray Bursts (GRBs) have been detected for many decades, the lack of knowledge regarding the radiation mechanism that produces the energetic flash of radiation, or prompt emission, from these events has prevented the full use of GRBs as probes of high energy astrophysical processes. While there are multiple models that attempt to describe the prompt emission, each model can be tuned to account for observed GRB characteristics in the gamma and X-ray energy bands. One energy range that has not been fully explored for the purpose of prompt emission model comparison is that of the optical band, especially with regards to polarization. Here, we use an improved MCRaT code to calculate the expected photospheric optical and gamma-ray polarization signatures ($Π_\mathrm{opt}$ and $Π_γ$, respectively) from a set of two relativistic hydrodynamic long GRB simulations, which emulate a constant and variable jet. We find that time resolved $Π_\mathrm{opt}$ can be large ($\sim 75\%$) while time-integrated $Π_\mathrm{opt}$ can be smaller due to integration over the asymmetries in the GRB jet where optical photons originate; $Π_γ$ follows a similar evolution as $Π_\mathrm{opt}$ with smaller polarization degrees. We also show that $Π_\mathrm{opt}$ and $Π_γ$ agree well with observations in each energy range. Additionally, we make predictions for the expected polarization of GRBs based on their location within the Yonetoku relationship. While improvements can be made to our analyses and predictions, they exhibit the insight that global radiative transfer simulations of GRB jets can provide with respect to current and future observations.
description: 16 pages; 7 figures including 2 animations (animations can be obtained from: https://github.com/parsotat/SpectropolarimetryAnimations); accepted to ApJ; the MCRaT and ProcessMCRaT codes are open source and available at: github.com/lazzati-astro/MCRaT and at: github.com/parsotat/ProcessMCRaT
Genealogical particle analysis of rare events
Creators: name: Del Moral, Pierre
name: Garnier, Josselin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 65C35, 65C20, 60F10, 68U20, 62P35 (Primary)

description: In this paper an original interacting particle system approach is developed for studying Markov chains in rare event regimes. The proposed particle system is theoretically studied through a genealogical tree interpretation of Feynman--Kac path measures. The algorithmic implementation of the particle system is presented. An estimator for the probability of occurrence of a rare event is proposed and its variance is computed, which allows to compare and to optimize different versions of the algorithm. Applications and numerical implementations are discussed. First, we apply the particle system technique to a toy model (a Gaussian random walk), which permits to illustrate the theoretical predictions. Second, we address a physically relevant problem consisting in the estimation of the outage probability due to polarization-mode dispersion in optical fibers.
description: Published at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/105051605000000566 in the Annals of Applied Probability (http://www.imstat.org/aap/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
A New Population of Planetary Nebulae Discovered in the Large Magellanic Cloud (II): Complete PN Catalogue
Creators: name: Reid, Warren A.
name: Parker, Quentin A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper presents accurate homogeneous positions, velocities and other pertinent properties for 460 newly discovered and 169 previously known planetary nebulae (PNe) in the central 25 sq deg bar region of the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC). Candidate emission sources were discovered using a deep, high resolution H-alpha map of the LMC obtained by median stacking a dozen 2 hour H-alpha exposures taken with the UK Schmidt Telescope (UKST). Our spectroscopic followup of more than 2,000 compact (ie. <20 arcsec) H-alpha emission candidates uncovered has tripled the number of PNe in this area. All of the 169 previously known PNe within this region have also been independently recovered and included in this paper to create a homogeneous data set. Of the newly discovered PNe, we classify 291 as "true", 54 as "likely" and 115 as "possible" based on the strength of photometric and spectroscopic evidence. Radial velocities have been measured using both weighted averaging of emission lines and cross-correlation techniques against high quality templates. Based on the median comparison of the two systems, we define a measurement error of pm4 km/s. A new velocity map of the central 25 sq deg of the LMC, based on results from the combined new and previously known PNe, is presented, indicating an averaged heliocentric velocity differential of 65 km/s perpendicular to the line of nodes for the entire PN population across our survey area. Averaged velocities of our PNe and molecular hydrogen (from the literature) across 37 x 37 arcmin sub areas are compared.
description: 32 pages, 15 figures. Published MNRAS