cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Characterisation of different GLRaV-3 variant infections by determining virus concentration ratios and miRNA expression profiles
Creators: name: Aldrich, D. J.
name: Bester, R.
name: Burger, J.
name: Maree, H. J.
Publisher: name: VITIS - Journal of Grapevine Research
Year: 2019

description: Grapevine leafroll disease (GLD) is present in all grape-growing regions of the world and is considered the most significant grapevine viral disease. Grapevine leafroll-associated virus 3 (GLRaV-3) is considered the primary cause of GLD and in South African vineyards five genetic variant groups (I, II, III, VI and VII) have been confirmed. Biological distinctions between GLRaV-3 variants have not been fully validated. By characterising virus concentration and stress-responsive microRNA expression in GLRaV-3 infected plants, this study aimed to glean a better understanding of the possible biological distinctions between GLRaV-3 variants. Quantitative reverse transcription PCR was utilised for virus concentration ratio (VCR) determination and miRNA quantitation in GLRaV-3 positive and negative grapevines grown under greenhouse and field conditions. This study found statistically significant differences in VCRs in plants singly infected with different GLRaV-3 variants. Interestingly, no difference in mean VCRs were observed between data sets, despite notable differences in plant age, duration of GLRaV-3 infection, scion/rootstock combination and growing conditions. Several miRNAs showed statistically significant expression modulation between infected and healthy samples. miRNA expression between data sets varied substantially and a greater overall miRNA response was observed in plants with more established GLRaV-3 infections. The lack of significant differences in mean VCRs between data sets, coupled with the consistent modulation of certain miRNAs in plants that have likely been infected for longer is a promising result. This finding could indicate that successful inhibition of further virus replication by plant defence mechanisms occurred, and that these miRNAs are implicated in this response.
description: VITIS - Journal of Grapevine Research, Vol 58 No 3 (2019): Vitis
Efficient identification, localization and quantification of grapevine inflorescences and flowers in unprepared field images using Fully Convolutional Networks
Creators: name: Rudolph, R.
name: Herzog, K.
name: Töpfer, R.
name: Steinhage, V.
Publisher: name: VITIS - Journal of Grapevine Research
Year: 2019

description: Yield and its prediction is one of the most important tasks in grapevine breeding purposes and vineyard management. Commonly, this trait is estimated manually right before harvest by extrapolation, which mostly is labor-intensive, destructive and inaccurate. In the present study an automated image-based workflow was developed for quantifying inflorescences and single flowers in unprepared field images of grapevines, i.e. no artificial background or light was applied. It is a novel approach for non-invasive, inexpensive and objective phenotyping with high-throughput. First, image regions depicting inflorescences were identified and localized. This was done by segmenting the images into the classes "inflorescence" and "non-inflorescence" using a Fully Convolutional Network (FCN). Efficient image segmentation hereby is the most challenging step regarding the small geometry and dense distribution of single flowers (several hundred single flowers per inflorescence), similar color of all plant organs in the fore- and background as well as the circumstance that only approximately 5 % of an image show inflorescences. The trained FCN achieved a mean Intersection Over Union (IOU) of 87.6 % on the test data set. Finally, single flowers were extracted from the "inflorescence"-areas using Circular Hough Transform. The flower extraction achieved a recall of 80.3 % and a precision of 70.7 % using the segmentation derived by the trained FCN model. Summarized, the presented approach is a promising strategy in order to predict yield potential automatically in the earliest stage of grapevine development which is applicable for objective monitoring and evaluations of breeding material, genetic repositories or commercial vineyards.
description: VITIS - Journal of Grapevine Research, Vol 58 No 3 (2019): Vitis
บทวิจารณ์และแนะนำหนังสือ "เศรษฐศาสตร์นโยบายสาธารณะ (Economics of Public Policy)"
Creators: name: Nopawan Pussarungsri
Publisher: name: National Institute of Development Administration
Year: 2009

description: 1(พ), 49, NIDA Development Journal
Experimental feasibility of molecular two-photon absorption with isolated time-frequency-entangled photon pairs
Creators: name: Landes, Tiemo
name: Allgaier, Markus
name: Merkouche, Sofiane
name: Smith, Brian J.
name: Marcus, Andrew H.
name: Raymer, Michael G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Entangled photon pairs have been promised to deliver a substantial quantum advantage for two-photon absorption spectroscopy. However, recent work has challenged the previously reported magnitude of quantum enhancement in two-photon absorption. Here, we present an experimental comparison of sum-frequency generation and molecular absorption, each driven by isolated photon pairs. We establish an upper bound on the enhancement for entangled-two-photon absorption in Rhodamine-6G, which lies well below previously reported values.
On the temporal variability classes found in long gamma-ray bursts with known redshift
Creators: name: Borgonovo, L.
name: Frontera, F.
name: Guidorzi, C.
name: Montanari, E.
name: Vetere, L.
name: Soffitta, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Based on the analysis of a small sample of BATSE and Konus gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) with know redshift it has been reported that the width of the autocorrelation function (ACF) shows a remarkable bimodal distribution in the rest-frame of the source. However, the origin of these two well-separated ACF classes remains unexplained.We complement previous ACF analysis studying the corresponding power density spectra (PDS). With the addition of Beppo-SAX data and taken advantage of its broad-band capability, we not only increase the burst sample but we extend the analysis to X-ray energies. The rest-frame PDS analysis at gamma-ray energies shows that the two ACF classes are not simply characterised by a different low frequency cut-off, but they have a distinct variability as a whole in the studied frequency range. Both classes exhibit average PDS with power-law behaviour at high frequencies (f' > 0.1 Hz) but significantly different slopes, with index values close to those of Brownian (-2) and Kolmogorov (-5/3) spectra for the narrow and broad classes respectively. The latter spectrum presents an additional PDS component, a low-frequency noise excess with a sharp cut-off. At X-ray energies we find the power-law index unchanged for the broad class, but a significantly steeper slope in the narrow case (~ -3). We interpret this as an indication that the broad class bursts have weaker spectral evolution than the narrow ones, as suggested also by our analysis of the ACF energy dependence. The low and high frequency PDS components may then arise from two radiating regions involving different emission mechanisms.
description: 13 pages, 10 figures. Accepted for publication in A&A
Intrinsic unsharpness and approximate repeatability of quantum measurements
Creators: name: Carmeli, C.
name: Heinonen, T.
name: Toigo, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The intrinsic unsharpness of a quantum observable is studied by introducing the notion of resolution width. This quantification of accuracy is shown to be closely connected with the possibility of making approximately repeatable measurements. As a case study, the intrinsic unsharpness and approximate repeatability of position and momentum measurements are examined in detail.
description: Proposition 22 has been modified and some minor corrections has been made
Genuine tripartite entanglement in the non-interacting Fermi gas
Creators: name: Vértesi, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study genuine tripartite entanglement shared among the spins of three localized fermions in the non-interacting Fermi gas at zero temperature. Firstly, we prove analytically with the aid of entanglement witnesses that in a particular configuration the three fermions are genuinely tripartite entangled. Then various three-fermion configurations are investigated in order to quantify and calculate numerically the amount of genuine tripartite entanglement present in the system. Further we give a lower and an upper limit to the maximum diameter of the three-fermion configuration below which genuine tripartite entanglement exists and find that this distance is comparable with the maximum separation between two entangled fermions. The upper and lower limit turn to be very close to each other indicating that the applied witness operator is well suited to reveal genuine tripartite entanglement in the collection of non-interacting fermions.
description: 9 pages, 4 figures, REVTeX
Dislocation content of grain boundary phase junctions and its relation to grain boundary excess properties
Creators: name: Frolov, T.
name: Medlin, D. L.
name: Asta, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the dislocation content of grain boundary (GB) phase junctions, i.e., line defects separating two different GB phases coexisting on the same GB plane. While regular GB disconnections have been characterized for a variety of interfaces, GB phase junctions formed by GBs with different structures and different numbers of excess atoms have not been previously studied. We apply a general Burgers circuit analysis to calculate the Burgers vectors b of junctions in two Σ5 Cu boundaries previously simulated with molecular dynamics. The Burgers vectors of these junctions cannot be described by the displacement shift complete (DSC) lattice alone. We show that, in general, the normal component of b is not equal to the difference in the GB excess volumes, but contains another contribution from the numbers of GB atoms per unit area ΔN required to transform one GB phase into another. In the boundaries studied, the latter component dominates and even changes the sign of b. We derive expressions for the normal and tangential components of b in terms of the DSC lattice vectors and the non-DSC part due to ΔN and additional GB excess properties, including excess volume and shears. These expressions provide a connection between GB phase transformations driven by the GB free energy difference and the motion of GB junctions under applied normal and shear stresses. The proposed analysis quantifies b and therefore makes it possible to calculate the elastic part of the energy of these defects, evaluate their contribution to the nucleation barrier during GB phase transformations, and treat elastic interactions with other defects.
description: 34 pages, 9 figures
Useful fortune: contingency and the limits of identity in the Canadas 1790-1850
Creators: name: Robert, Louise
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: In this study I analyze how Lower and Upper Canadians in the period 1790-1850 articulated ideas of the self in relation to concepts provided by the Enlightenment and more particularly by the notion of selflove. Canadians discussed the importance of individual self-interest in defining the self and in formulating the ties that would unite a multitude of strangers who were expected to live in peace with one another regardless of their religious, cultural and social affiliations. Scholarly discussion about the making of identities in the Canadas has, for the most part, focussed on community-defined identities even though it has always largely been accepted that the Canadas were 'liberal' and individualistic societies. The writings of known and educated Canadians show that the making of identities went well beyond community-defined attributes. To widen the understanding of the process of identity-making in Canada, I have utilized a wellknown medieval metaphor that opposes order to contingency or, as in the civic tradition, contrasts virtue and fortune-corruption. It becomes evident that those who insisted on a community-defined identity that subsumed the self in the whole had a far different understanding of contingent motifs than those who insisted on the primacy of the self in the definition of humanity. But both ways of dealing with contingency continued to influence how Canadians came to understand who they were. No consensus emerged and by 1850 the discussions of the Canadian self were rich and complex. The dissertation pays special attention to the methodological implications of utilizing binary oppositions such as the trope order vs contingency in fashioning the images of peoples and nations in ways that engage 'post-modern' notions regarding the construction of the identity of the 'Other'.
Unaccusatives
Creators: name: Chaiyapha, Sidawun
name: Intanai, Thongwilai
name: Janthong, Mi
name: Janthong, Suphawan
name: Lau-Preechathammarach, Raksit Tyler
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: kdt

description: Exploration of word order with unaccusatives. While Kuy is canonically SV, some verbs that seem unaccusative seem to allow or require VS order (ex. "comes out blood"). Recorder: Zoom H4n. Microphone: internal.
Re-framing Incremental Deep Language Models for Dialogue Processing with Multi-task Learning
Creators: name: Rohanian, Morteza
name: Hough, Julian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We present a multi-task learning framework to enable the training of one universal incremental dialogue processing model with four tasks of disfluency detection, language modelling, part-of-speech tagging, and utterance segmentation in a simple deep recurrent setting. We show that these tasks provide positive inductive biases to each other with the optimal contribution of each one relying on the severity of the noise from the task. Our live multi-task model outperforms similar individual tasks, delivers competitive performance, and is beneficial for future use in conversational agents in psychiatric treatment.
Electronic spectrum in cuprates within p-d Hubbard model
Creators: name: Plakida, N.
name: Oudovenko, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A microscopic theory for electronic spectrum of the CuO2 plane within an effective p-d Hubbard model is proposed. Dyson equation for the one-electron Green function in terms of the Hubbard operators is derived which is solved self-consistently for the self-energy evaluated in the noncrossing approximation. Electron scattering on spin fluctuations induced by kinematical interaction is described by a model dynamical spin susceptibility. Doping and temperature dependence of electron dispersions, spectral functions, the Fermi surface and the coupling constant are studied.
description: 3 pages, 9 figures, submitted to M2S-HTSC-YIII Conference in Dresden, 2006
ihmeuw-msca/burden-of-proof: chewing tobacco 2024 nature med submission
Creators: name: Dai, Xiaochen
name: Gil, Gabriela
name: Haley, Lescinsky
name: Spencer, Cory
name: Woldegebreal, Demewoz
name: IHME-MSCA
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Time capsule for burden of proof paper
The econometric critique of applied General Equilibrium modeling: a comparative assessment with application to carbon taxes in Canada
Creators: name: McKitrick, Ross Ronald
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Computable General Equilibrium (CGE) models are among the most influential tools in applied economics. In the past few years, however, some serious questions have been raised about the validity of these models. The core of the critique is that the parameter selection criteria and the functional forms used are at odds with contemporary standards of practice in econometrics. After surveying the relevant literature, which I refer to as the 'econometric critique', a formal summary of the case against standard CGE modeling is presented, as is an alternative econometric-based modeling strategy which answers the critique. I then work through a comparative CGE modeling experiment designed to assess the contrasting methods. It is found that the parameter selection rule influences model predictions in individual sectors, but industry- and economy-wide aggregates do not appear to be much affected by reparameterizing a CGE model according to econometric criteria. By contrast, the choice of functional forms affects not only industry-specific results, but aggregate results as well, even for small policy shocks. However flexible functional forms are difficult to implement in CGE models because global monotonicity must be maintained. In the second and third chapters, I adapt one of the models to analyze the effects of carbon taxes in Canada. I review an approach called 'double dividend' taxation, in which the revenues from carbon taxes are used to reduce the rates of other distortionary taxes, so an overall efficiency gain can potentially be realized whether or not the reduction in pollution improves welfare. This eliminates the need to measure benefits, and in an international context, would obviate the free-rider problem. I demonstrate the existence of a double dividend strategy for carbon taxation in Canada in the short run. In chapter three, however, a long run extension of the model shows that the double dividend does not persist over time. Nevertheless, choosing an efficient revenue-recycling option can significantly reduce the implementation cost of the carbon tax.
Charged current neutrino induced coherent pion production
Creators: name: Alvarez-Ruso, L.
name: Geng, L. S.
name: Hirenzaki, S.
name: Vacas, M. J. Vicente
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the neutrino induced charged current coherent pion production at the energies of interest for recent experiments like K2K and MiniBooNE. Medium effects in the production mechanism and the distortion of the pion wave function, obtained solving the Klein Gordon equation with a microscopic optical potential, are included in the calculation. We find a strong reduction of the cross section due to these effects and also substantial modifications of the energy distributions of the final lepton and pion.
description: 11 pages, 6 figures. Some details and new references added; results unchanged. Accepted in PRC
Strong coupling between excitons and magnetic dipole quasi-bound states in the continuum in WS$_2$-TiO$_2$ hybrid metasurfaces
Creators: name: Qin, Meibao
name: Xiao, Shuyuan
name: Liu, Wenxing
name: Ouyang, Mingyu
name: Yu, Tianbao
name: Wang, Tongbiao
name: Liao, Qinghua
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Enhancing the light-matter interactions in two-dimensional materials via optical metasurfaces has attracted much attention due to its potential to enable breakthrough in advanced compact photonic and quantum information devices. Here, we theoretically investigate a strong coupling between excitons in monolayer WS$_2$ and quasi-bound states in the continuum (quasi-BIC). In the hybrid structure composed of WS$_2$ coupled with asymmetric titanium dioxide nanobars, a remarkable spectral splitting and typical anticrossing behavior of the Rabi splitting can be observed, and such strong coupling effect can be modulated by shaping the thickness and asymmetry parameter of the proposed metasurfaces. It is found that the balance of line width of the quasi-BIC mode and local electric field enhancement should be considered since both of them affect the strong coupling, which is crucial to the design and optimization of metasurface devices. This work provides a promising way for controlling the light-matter interactions in strong coupling regime and opens the door for the future novel quantum, low-energy, distinctive nanodevices by advanced meta-optical engineering.
Beamed and unbeamed emission of $γ$-ray blazars
Creators: name: Pei, Zhiyuan
name: Fan, Junhui
name: Yang, Jianghe
name: Bastieri, Denis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A two-component model of radio emission has been used to explain some radio observational properties of Active Galactic Nuclei (AGNs) and, in particular, of blazars. In this work, we extend the two-component idea to the $γ$-ray emission and assume that the total $γ$-ray output of blazars consists of relativistically beamed and unbeamed components. The basic idea leverages the correlation between the radio core-dominance parameter and the $γ$-ray beaming factor. To do so, we evaluate this correlation for a large sample of 584 blazars taken from the fourth source catalog of the Fermi Large Area Telescope (Fermi-LAT) and correlated their $γ$-ray core-dominance parameters with radio core-dominance parameters. The $γ$-ray beaming factor is then used to estimate the beamed and unbeamed components. Our analysis confirms that the $γ$-ray emission in blazars is mainly from the beamed component.
description: Accepted by Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific
Using a qubit to measure photon number statistics of a driven, thermal oscillator
Creators: name: Clerk, A. A.
name: Utami, D. Wahyu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate theoretically how photon number statistics of a driven, damped oscillator at finite temperature can be extracted by measuring the dephasing spectrum of a two-level system dispersively coupled to the oscillator; we thus extend the work of Dykman (1987) and Gambetta et al. (2006). We carefully consider the fidelity of this scheme-- to what extent does the measurement reflect the initial number statistics of the mode? We also derive analytic results for the dephasing of a qubit by a driven, thermal mode, and compare results obtained at different levels of approximation. Our results have relevance both to experiments in circuit cavity QED, as well as to nano-electromechanical systems.
description: 11 pages; 2 figures added
Learning to Solve Abstract Reasoning Problems with Neurosymbolic Program Synthesis and Task Generation
Creators: name: Bednarek, Jakub
name: Krawiec, Krzysztof
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Symbolic Computation (cs.SC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The ability to think abstractly and reason by analogy is a prerequisite to rapidly adapt to new conditions, tackle newly encountered problems by decomposing them, and synthesize knowledge to solve problems comprehensively. We present TransCoder, a method for solving abstract problems based on neural program synthesis, and conduct a comprehensive analysis of decisions made by the generative module of the proposed architecture. At the core of TransCoder is a typed domain-specific language, designed to facilitate feature engineering and abstract reasoning. In training, we use the programs that failed to solve tasks to generate new tasks and gather them in a synthetic dataset. As each synthetic task created in this way has a known associated program (solution), the model is trained on them in supervised mode. Solutions are represented in a transparent programmatic form, which can be inspected and verified. We demonstrate TransCoder's performance using the Abstract Reasoning Corpus dataset, for which our framework generates tens of thousands of synthetic problems with corresponding solutions and facilitates systematic progress in learning.
description: 18th International Conference on Neural-Symbolic Learning and Reasoning
Group VIII transition metal complexes for nonlinear optical switching
Creators: name: West, Patrick J.
Publisher: name: The Australian National University
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: QD172.T6.W47 2011
subject: Transition metals
subject: Nonlinear optics

description: Metal alkynyl complexes have been shown to be potentially useful third-order nonlinear optical switches, with large two-photon absorption cross-sections and strong changes in photon absorption properties on oxidation. By forming multinuclear complexes, switches with more then two states can be made. Chapter 1 presents an introduction to nonlinear optics and reviews some inorganic materials which have had their nonlinear optical properties measured. Chapter 2 details new synthetic routes into binuclear complexes incorporating an osmtum chloro-alkynyl metal centre. Structural, electrochemical and spectroelectrochemical studies on selected examples have been carried out. Chapter 3 details new facile synthetic routes into osmtum ammine-alkynyl and osmium bis-alkyny1 complexes. Synthesis of osmium and ruthenium binuclear and trinuclear complexes with both diethyny1 and triethyny1 bridges between the metal atoms has been explored. Structural, electrochemical, spectroelectrochemical and theoretical studies have been carried out on selected complexes. Chapter 4 reports the synthesis of a number of branched multinuclear complexes incorporating both osmium and ruthenium metal atoms. Electrochemical and spectroelectrochemical studies have been carried out on selected examples. The Z-scan technique has been used to investigate the third-order nonlinear optical properties of a number of linear and branched bimetallic complexes, showing large effects but some photo-induced instability. Chapter 5 details the formation of a number of new mononuclear and unsymmetrical binuclear iron alkynyl complexes. The electrochemical and spectroelectrochemical behaviour of the complexes exhibiting a reversible redox process has been explored. - provided by Candidate.
CV combinations, final h and glottal
Creators: name: Chaiyapha, Sidawun
name: Intanai, Thongwilai
name: Lau-Preechathammarach, Raksit Tyler
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: kdt

description: Collecting of words for each CV, CVh, and CV + glottal stop combination. Recorder: Zoom H4n. Microphone: C544-L Headset Microphone (x2).
Gauge Dependence of Gravitational Correction to Running of Gauge Couplings
Creators: name: Pietrykowski, Artur R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently an interesting idea has been put forward by Robinson and Wilczek that incorporation of quantized gravity in the framework of abelian and nonabelian gauge theories results in a correction to the running of gauge coupling and, in consequence, to increase of the Grand Unification scale and to the asymptotic freedom. In this paper it is shown by explicit calculations that this correction depends on the choice of gauge.
description: 4 pages, final version published in PRL with the note from Robinson and Wilczek added
Optimal Bounds on Nonlinear Partial Differential Equations in Model Certification, Validation, and Experimental Design
Creators: name: McKerns, M.
name: Alexander, F. J.
name: Hickmann, K. S.
name: Sullivan, T. J.
name: Vaughan, D. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: G.1.6; G.3; G.4
subject: 60E15, 62G99 (Primary), 65C99 (Secondary), 90C26

description: We demonstrate that the recently developed Optimal Uncertainty Quantification (OUQ) theory, combined with recent software enabling fast global solutions of constrained non-convex optimization problems, provides a methodology for rigorous model certification, validation, and optimal design under uncertainty. In particular, we show the utility of the OUQ approach to understanding the behavior of a system that is governed by a partial differential equation -- Burgers' equation. We solve the problem of predicting shock location when we only know bounds on viscosity and on the initial conditions. Through this example, we demonstrate the potential to apply OUQ to complex physical systems, such as systems governed by coupled partial differential equations. We compare our results to those obtained using a standard Monte Carlo approach, and show that OUQ provides more accurate bounds at a lower computational cost. We discuss briefly about how to extend this approach to more complex systems, and how to integrate our approach into a more ambitious program of optimal experimental design.
description: Preprint of an article published in the Handbook on Big Data and Machine Learning in the Physical Sciences, Volume 2: Advanced Analysis Solutions for Leading Experimental Techniques (K Kleese-van Dam, K Yager, S Campbell, R Farnsworth, and M van Dam), May 2020, World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd
Anomalous pressure dependence of the atomic displacements in the relaxor ferroelectric PbMg$_{1/3}$Ta$_{2/3}$O$_3$
Creators: name: Gvasaliya, S. N.
name: Pomjakushin, V.
name: Roessli, B.
name: Straessle, Th.
name: Klotz, S.
name: Lushnikov, S. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The crystal structure of the PbMg$_{1/3}$Ta$_{2/3}$O$_3$ (PMT) relaxor ferroelectric was studied under hydrostatic pressure up to $\sim 7$ GPa by means of powder neutron diffraction. We find a drastic pressure-induced decrease of the lead displacement from the inversion centre which correlates with an increase by $\sim$ 50 % of the anisotropy of the oxygen temperature factor. The vibrations of the Mg/Ta are, in contrast, rather pressure insensitive. We attribute these changes being responsible for the previously reported pressure-induced suppression of the anomalous dielectric permittivity and diffuse scattering in relaxor ferroelectrics.
Magic Wavelengths of the Yb $6s^2{}\,^1S_0-6s6p\,{}^3P_1$ Intercombination Transition
Creators: name: Zheng, T. A.
name: Yang, Y. A.
name: Safronova, M. S.
name: Safronova, U. I.
name: Xiong, Zhuan-Xian
name: Xia, T.
name: Lu, Z. -T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate and measure the magic wavelengths for the $6s^2{}\,^1S_0-6s6p\,{}^3P_1$ intercombination transition of the neutral ytterbium atom. The calculation is performed with the \textit{ab initio} configuration interaction (CI) + all-order method. The measurement is done with laser spectroscopy on cold atoms in an optical dipole trap. The magic wavelengths are determined to be 1035.68(4) nm for the $π$ transition ($Δm = 0$) and 1036.12(3) nm for the $σ$ transitions ($|Δm| = 1$) in agreement with the calculated values. Laser cooling on the narrow intercombination transition could achieve better results for atoms in an optical dipole trap when the trap wavelength is tuned to near the magic wavelength.
Searching for Nuclear Obscuration in the Infrared Spectra of Nearby FR I Radio Galaxies
Creators: name: Gleisinger, R. C.
name: O'Dea, C. P.
name: Gallimore, J. F.
name: Wykes, S.
name: Baum, S. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: How do active galactic nuclei with low optical luminosities produce powerful radio emission? Recent studies of active galactic nuclei with moderate radio and low optical luminosities (Fanaroff & Riley class I, FR I) searching for broad nuclear emission lines in polarized light, as predicted by some active galactic nucleus unification models, have found heterogeneous results. These models typically consist of a central engine surrounded by a torus of discrete dusty clouds. These clouds would absorb and scatter optical emission, blocking broad nuclear emission lines, and reradiate in mid-infrared. Some scattered broad-line emission may be observable, depending on geometry, which would be polarized. We present a wide-band infrared spectroscopic analysis of 10 nearby FR I radio galaxies to determine whether there is significant emission from a dusty obscuring structure. We used Markov Chain Monte Carlo algorithms to decompose Spitzer/IRS spectra of our sample. We constrained the wide-band behavior of our models with photometry from the Two Micron All Sky Survey, Spitzer/IRAC, Spitzer/MIPS, and Herschel/SPIRE. We find that one galaxy is best fit by a clumpy torus and three others show some thermal mid-infrared component. This suggests that in those three there is likely some obscuring dust structure that is inconsistent with our torus models and there must be some source of photons heating the dust. We conclude that 40% of our FR I radio galaxies show evidence of obscuring dusty material, possibly some other form of hidden broad-line nucleus, but only 10% favor the clumpy torus model specifically.
Fast Estimator of Primordial Non-Gaussianity from Temperature and Polarization Anisotropies in the Cosmic Microwave Background
Creators: name: Yadav, Amit P. S.
name: Komatsu, Eiichiro
name: Wandelt, Benjamin D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Measurements of primordial non-Gaussianity ($f_{NL}$) open a new window onto the physics of inflation. We describe a fast cubic (bispectrum) estimator of $f_{NL}$, using a combined analysis of temperature and polarization observations. The speed of our estimator allows us to use a sufficient number of Monte Carlo simulations to characterize its statistical properties in the presence of real world issues such as instrumental effects, partial sky coverage, and foreground contamination. We find that our estimator is optimal, where optimality is defined by saturation of the Cramer Rao bound, if noise is homogeneous. Our estimator is also computationally efficient, scaling as $O(N^{3/2})$ compared to the $O(N^{5/2})$ scaling of the brute force bispectrum calculation for sky maps with $N$ pixels. For Planck this translates into a speed-up by factors of millions, reducing the required computing time from thousands of years to just hours and thus making $f_{NL}$ estimation feasible for future surveys. Our estimator in its current form is optimal if noise is homogeneous. In future work our fast polarized bispectrum estimator should be extended to deal with inhomogeneous noise in an analogous way to how the existing fast temperature estimator was generalized.
description: Submitted to Apj
Mapping the translation challenge: JUDEMAKIA, the world of Judgement and Decision Making
Creators: name: Dowie, Jack
Publisher: name: F1000Research
Year: 2015

description: Judemakia is the world of JUdgement and DEcision MAKing, in which the flanking continents of Belief-land and Prefer-land supply the inputs needed by the central continent of Decision-land. All three have latitudinal regions that embody differing balances of Intuition and Analysis in line with Hammond’s Cognitive Continuum theory. The resulting map, focused on health, helps picture the nature of differing Decision Technologies and the various Belief and Preference Technologies that feed them, locating many of the disputes within and between them. The Callard translational health model provides the basis on which a decision support model, based on an implementation of Multi-criteria Decision Analysis that balances intuition and analysis (Annalisa), can becomes the central driver of both research and practice.

Open access text: http://ebooks.iospress.nl/publication/34212
Vowels and syllabic nasals
Creators: name: Chaiyapha, Sidawun
name: Intanai, Thongwilai
name: Lau-Preechathammarach, Raksit Tyler
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: kdt

description: More collecting of words for each vowel and also words with syllabic nasals (which are dropped by younger speakers). Recorder: Zoom H4n. Microphone: C544-L Headset Microphone (x2).
Large scale simulations of H and He reionization and heating driven by stars and more energetic sources
Creators: name: Eide, Marius B.
name: Ciardi, Benedetta
name: Graziani, Luca
name: Busch, Philipp
name: Feng, Yu
name: Di Matteo, Tiziana
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present simulations of cosmic reionization and reheating from $z=18$ to $z=5$, investigating the role of stars (emitting soft UV-photons), nuclear black holes (BHs, with power-law spectra), X-ray binaries (XRBs, with hard X-ray dominated spectra), and the supernova-associated thermal bremsstrahlung of the diffuse interstellar medium (ISM, with soft X-ray spectra). We post-process the hydrodynamical simulation Massive-Black II (MBII) with multifrequency ionizing radiative transfer. The source properties are directly derived from the physical environment of MBII, and our only real free parameter is the ionizing escape fraction $f_{\rm esc}$. We find that, among the models explored here, the one with an escape fraction that decreases with decreasing redshift yields results most in line with observations, such as of the neutral hydrogen fraction and the Thomson scattering optical depth. Stars are the main driver of hydrogen reionization and consequently of the thermal history of the intergalactic medium (IGM). We obtain $\langle x_{\rm HII} \rangle = 0.99998$ at $z=6$ for all source types, with volume averaged temperatures $\langle T \rangle \sim 20,000~{\rm K}$. BHs are rare and negligible to hydrogen reionization, but conversely they are the only sources which can fully ionize helium, increasing local temperatures by $\sim 10^4~{\rm K}$. The thermal and ionization state of the neutral and lowly ionized hydrogen differs significantly with different source combinations, with ISM and (to a lesser extent) XRBs, playing a significant role and, as a consequence, determining the transition from absorption to emission of the 21 cm signal from neutral hydrogen.
description: 17 pages, 19 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Comments on combinatorial interpretation of fibonomial coefficients - an email style letter
Creators: name: Kwasniewski, A. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Discrete Mathematics (cs.DM)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 05C20, 11C08

description: Up to our knowledge -since about 126 years we were lacking of classical type combinatorial interpretation of Fibonomial coefficients as it was Lukas \cite{1} - to our knowledge -who was the first who had defined Finonomial coefficients and derived a recurrence for them (see Historical Note in \cite{2,3}). Here we inform that a join combinatorial interpretation was found \cite{4} for all binomial-type coefficient - Fibonomial coefficients included.
description: 2 pages
A review on asymptotic stability of solitary waves in nonlinear dispersive problems in dimension one
Creators: name: Germain, Pierre
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35Q41

description: We review asymptotic stability of solitary waves for nonlinear dispersive equations set on the line. Our focus is threefold: first, the nonlinear Schrodinger equation; second, the notion of full asymptotic stability (which states that perturbations of a solitary wave decompose globally into a solitary wave and a decaying solution); and third, spectral methods. Besides this focus, we summarize the state of the art in a broader context, including nonlinear Klein-Gordon equations, the notion of local asymptotic stability, and virial methods.
description: 19 pages, 5 figures
Flat bands and Wigner crystallization in the honeycomb optical lattice
Creators: name: Wu, Congjun
name: Bergman, Doron
name: Balents, Leon
name: Sarma, S. Das
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the ground states of cold atoms in the tight-binding bands built from p-orbitals on a two dimensional honeycomb optical lattice. The band structure includes two completely flat bands. Exact many-body ground states with on-site repulsion can be found at low particle densities, for both fermions and bosons. We find crystalline order at n=1/6 with a $\sqrt{3} \times \sqrt{3}$ structure breaking a number of discrete lattice symmetries. In fermionic systems, if the repulsion is strong enough, we find the bonding strength becomes \emph{dimerized} at n=1/2. Experimental signatures of crystalline order can be detected through the noise correlations in time of flight experiments.
description: 4 pages, accepted by Phys. Rev. Lett
What is the valence of a correlated solid? The double life of delta-plutonium
Creators: name: Shim, J. H.
name: Haule, K.
name: Kotliar, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Plutonium displays phase transitions with enormous volume differences among its phases and both its Pauli like magnetic susceptibility and resistivity are an order of magnitude larger than those of simple metals. Curium is also highly resistive but its susceptibility is Curie-like at high temperatures and orders antiferromagnetically at low temperatures. The anomalous properties of the late actinides stem from the competition between the itinerancy and localization of its f electrons, which makes the late actinides elemental strongly correlated materials. A central problem in this field is to understand the mechanism by which these materials resolve these conflicting tendencies. In this letter we identify the electronic mechanisms responsible for the anomalous behaviour of late actinides. We revisit the concept of valence using theoretical approach that treats magnetism, Kondo screening, atomic multiplet effects, spin orbit coupling and crystal field splitting on the same footing. Plutonium is found to be in a rare mixed valent state, namely its ground state is a superposition of two distinct valencies. Curium settles in a single valence magnetically ordered state at low temperatures. The f7 atomic configuration of Curium is contrasted with the multiple configuration manifolds present in Plutonium ground state which we characterize by a valence histogram. The balance between the Kondo screening and magnetism is determined by the competition between spin orbit coupling and the strength of atomic multiplets which is in turn regulated by the degree of itinerancy. The approach presented here, highlights the electronic origin of the bonding anomalies in plutonium and can be applied to predict generalized valences and the presence or absence of magnetism in other compounds starting from first principles.
description: 2 figures, 1 table
Quantum smectic gauge theory
Creators: name: Radzihovsky, Leo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a gauge theory formulation of a two-dimensional quantum smectic and its relatives, motivated by their realizations in correlated quantum matter. The description gives a unified treatment of phonons and topological defects, respectively encoded in a pair of coupled gauge fields and corresponding charges. The charges exhibit subdimensional constrained quantum dynamics and anomalously slow highly anisotropic diffusion of disclinations inside a smectic. This approach gives a transparent description of a multi-stage quantum melting transition of a two-dimensional commensurate crystal (through an incommensurate crystal - a supersolid) into a quantum smectic, that subsequently melts into a quantum nematic and isotropic superfluids, all in terms of a sequence of Higgs transitions.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures
Local linear regression versus backcalculation in forecasting
Creators: name: Li, Xiaochun
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: The local linear forecasting estimator is proposed in this thesis as an alternative technique to either parametric regression or the backcalculation approach in the context of forecasting for independent data. The asymptotic bias and variance of the local linear forecasting estimator are derived and used to develop procedures for the estimation of the optimal bandwidth for forecasting. Both the theoretical and the computational aspects of these procedures are explored. Simulation study shows that a cross-validation procedure has the best performance in forecasting among four bandwidth estimation procedures under study. Simulations and statistical analyses show that the backcalculation approach is very vulnerable to violations of the assumptions underlying this approach and that its application to AIDS data fails to achieve its two primary goals, to forecast the numbers of new AIDS cases and to estimate the historical HIV infection curve. To test the proposed forecasting estimator over parametric regression, both techniques are applied to the Canadian AIDS data and the UK AIDS data. The results of the two examples expose the weakness of parametric regression and show that the proposed technique does better than parametric regression in forecasting.