cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Intrinsic angular momentum in general relativity
Creators: name: Moreschi, Osvaldo M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: There are several definitions of the notion of angular momentum in general relativity. However non of them can be said to capture the physical notion of intrinsic angular momentum of the sources in the presence of gravitational radiation. We present a definition which is appropriate for the description of intrinsic angular momentum in radiative spacetimes. This notion is required in calculations involving radiation of angular momentum, as for example is expected in binary coalescence of black holes.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures
Additional file 1 of Towards clinical application of GlycA and GlycB for early detection of inflammation associated with (pre)diabetes and cardiovascular disease: recent evidence and updates
Creators: name: Fung, Erik
name: Chan, Eunice Y. S.
name: Ng, Kwan Hung
name: Yu, Ka Man
name: Li, Huijun
name: Wang, Yulan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 1: Supplementary Figure 1. NMR spectra from the U.S. patent (no. 9792410) of Otvos et al. demonstrating signal peaks of GlycA and GlycB.
Effect of Obesity-Induced Tumor Necrosis  Factor Alpha on Adipocyte Function
Creators: name: Yu, Seok-Yeong
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2016

description: Obesity-induced inflammation has been linked to the onset of insulin
resistance (IR), which is a strong risk factor for the development of T2DM. Recent
studies have indicated that tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) plays a causative role
in obesity-mediated IR via its overexpression in adipose tissue. Moreover, TNFα has
been shown to induce the IR and the alteration of lipid and glucose metabolism in
adipose tissue at various levels including normal adipocyte differentiation and mature
adipocyte function. However, the mechanisms linking TNFα-induced adipocyte
dysfunction in chronic obesity to the IR and T2DM are largely unknown. Herein we
report that TNFα inhibited the mRNA expression of PPARγ, which is a key nuclear
transcriptional factor for driving preadipocyte differentiation and maintaining normal
function of mature adipocyte. TNFα treatment suppressed preadipocyte differentiation
by downregulating mRNAs for FAS, perilipin, GLUT4, adiponectin, PGC-1α and
C/EBPα and also altered adipocyte function by inhibiting mRNAs for perilipin,
GLUT4, CPT-1 and PGC-1α, while increasing the expression of IL-6 and MCP1
mRNAs. In palmitic acid (PA)-induced in vitro hypertrophic adipocytes, we found
that mRNA expression of inflammatory cytokines (TNFα and IL-6) was significantly
elevated, while the expression of mRNAs for PPARγ, perilipin and adiponectin was

markedly reduced, suggesting that TNFα may induce dysfunctional adipocyte

phenotypes by targeting PPARγ and its target genes. In in vivo study, mice fed high

fat diet (HFD) for 16 weeks had adipose tissue dysfunction as reflected by significant

reduction of protein expression for PPARγ, perilipin, FAS and FABP4, consistent

with the results observed in in vitro hypertrophic adipocytes. Interestingly, this was

reversed by the loss of TNFα in TNFα knockout mice, indicating that TNFα may

induce adipocyte dysfunction via the inhibition of PPARγ and its target genes. In the

liver, HFD significantly increased hepatic triglyceride (TG) contents, while

decreasing de novo lipogenesis (SCD1 and FAS), whereas TNFα deficiency

decreased TG content and de novo lipogenesis compared to HFD-fed wild-type (WT)

mice, suggesting that TNFα-induced adipocyte dysfunction is associated with hepatic

lipid deposition in chronic obesity. Taken together, the current findings provide new

insights into the role of TNFα in obesity-induced inflammation and also suggest the

TNFα as a mediator for obesity-induced IR & T2DM
Fertilizer demand in Greece
Creators: name: Mergos, George J.
name: Stoforos, Ch.E.
name: Mergos, George J.
name: Stoforos, Ch.E.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1997
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries
Production Economics

description: Limiting fertilizer use is becoming an important policy objective world-wide. However, the debate on appropriate policy measures is far from settled and evidence on fertilizer demand elasticities is still insufficient. Past studies on fertilizer demand leave several methodological and empirical issues open. This paper aims to contribute to the debate on the methodology of estimating fertilizer demand using single-equation methods. Dynamic aspects are also considered using error-correction modelling methodology and cointegration techniques. The model is applied using data from Greece. Short-run and long-run price elasticities of fertilizer demand with respect to own price and to output prices show significant response to price changes and the adjustment coefficient of fertilizer use to the error-correction term was found to be fairly rapid. The main policy conclusion of the paper is that reducing agricultural support may be an alternative and, perhaps, more effective way of reducing fertilizer demand than increasing fertilizer prices. © 1997 Elsevier Science B. V.
Probing cosmological fields with gravitational wave oscillations
Creators: name: Jiménez, Jose Beltrán
name: Ezquiaga, Jose María
name: Heisenberg, Lavinia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Gravitational wave (GW) oscillations occur whenever there are additional tensor modes interacting with the perturbations of the metric coupled to matter. These extra modes can arise from new spin-2 fields (as in e.g. bigravity theories) or from non-trivial realisations of the cosmological principle induced by background vector fields with internal symmetries (e.g. Yang-Mills, gaugids or multi-Proca). We develop a general cosmological framework to study such novel features due to oscillations. The evolution of the two tensor modes is described by a linear system of coupled second order differential equations exhibiting friction, velocity, chirality and mass mixing. We follow appropriate schemes to obtain approximate solutions for the evolution of both modes and show the corresponding phenomenology for different mixings. Observational signatures include modulations of the wave-form, oscillations of the GW luminosity distance, anomalous GW speed and chirality. We discuss the prospects of observing these effects with present and future GW observatories such as LIGO/VIRGO and LISA.
description: 36 pages, 9 figures. Matches JCAP version
Testosterone, Dominance, and Depression in Recently Married Couples
Creators: name: Quiñones-Torres, Gabriela I
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2014

description: Dominance refers to the wide set of behaviors individuals engage in with the intention of achieving or maintaining social status. Considering the relevance of these behaviors in the dynamics of close relationships, this study examined relations among testosterone, dominance, and the emotional health of a total of 225 opposite sex newlywed couples. An original measure of dominance was developed that accounted for both positive and negative manifestations, as well as situational and dispositional qualities of these status-promoting behaviors. Structural equation analyses revealed that dominance behaviors predict depression for both wives and husbands, and that positive and negative aspects of dominance contribute differently to spouses’ depression. Higher levels of depressive symptoms were related to reports of more dispositional hostility for both husbands and wives, as well as to greater submission during a conflict situation. In turn, greater assertiveness was related to fewer depressive symptoms for both husbands and wives. A subset of dominance behaviors reflecting spouses’ appraisals of having had more power, influence, and control relative to their partners during the conflict interaction, exclusively predicted more depressive symptoms for wives. Finally, lower levels of testosterone were indirectly associated with more depressive symptoms for husbands, and this relation was partially mediated by dominance behaviors. Implications of our findings, as well as limitations, are discussed in light of the existent literature and directions for future research on the interpersonal and biological aspects of marital well-being are considered.
Vietnam Without Guarantees: Consumer Attitudes in an Emergent Market Economy
Creators: name: Lanthorn, Kylie R.
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2016

description: This research explores how Vietnam’s embrace of capitalism and global markets has impacted consumer culture. Through ethnographic research conducted in Hanoi, Vietnam in June-August 2015, this study seeks to interrogate how the political atmosphere in Vietnam coexists with market freedoms in a country which opened its economy to the world during the 1986 Doi Moi (renovation) reforms. Vietnam now conducts a considerable amount of foreign trade with major foreign investment from countries including Japan, South Korea, and Singapore. This study emphasizes the role international relations have played in these developments as Vietnam has embraced partnerships with countries with which it was previously at war. This approach includes a self-reflexive critique of my role in the research process as a young, white American. This research engages conceptually with critical cultural studies and theories of articulation to challenge the assumed evolution of communism to capitalism within modernization theory as well as the global, homogenous spread of neoliberalism by examining how these articulations manifest in everyday life. To this end, this study seeks to explore how changing patterns of consumption brought on by open market economics are articulated with global political relationships. The analysis argues that neoliberalism is applied selectively to maintain single-party politics and an oppressive state formation, and that foreign advertising in Vietnam serves as an index of narratives of progress and economic growth. This research has significant implications for consumerism within developing countries, studies of neoliberalism, and postsocialist state formations.
Further evidence for a large glue component in the f0(1500) meson
Creators: name: Amsler, Claude
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We argue that the experimental decay rates of the f0(1500) meson into two pseudoscalar mesons and into two photons are incompatible with a quark-antiquark state and that the f0(1710) meson is dominantly an ssbar state.
description: 11 pages
Economic welfare analysis of policy-induced structural change in the Indonesian poultry industry
Creators: name: Suwartini, Endang
name: Coffin, H. Garth
name: Gunjal, Kisan
name: Suwartini, Endang
name: Coffin, H. Garth
name: Gunjal, Kisan
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1997
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
Livestock Production/Industries

description: The performance of the poultry industry in Indonesia is analyzed in terms of changes in producer and consumer welfare as a result of public policy intended to limit the size of production units in order to distribute growth opportunities to smaller farms. Elasticities of supply and demand are estimated using the seemingly unrelated system of equations. The hypothesis of a policy-induced structural change, estimated through a dummy variable accounting for a shift in supply associated with implementation of the policy, shows a negative impact on the output supplied and the welfare of producers and consumers to the tune of about Rp 94 billion or roughly about 0.1% of national income as of 1983. The study suggests an important trade-off between more equitable income distribution and economic efficiency. © 1997 Elsevier Science B.V.
A hybrid approach to extending selected configuration interaction and full configuration interaction quantum Monte Carlo
Creators: name: Blunt, Nick S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an approach to combining selected configuration interaction (SCI) and initiator full configuration interaction quantum Monte Carlo (i-FCIQMC). In the current i-FCIQMC scheme, the space of initiators is chosen dynamically by a population threshold. Here, we instead choose initiators as the selected space (V) from a prior SCI calculation, allowing substantially larger initiator spaces for a given walker population. While SCI+PT2 adds a perturbative correction in the first-order interacting space (FOIS) beyond V, the approach presented here allows a variational calculation in the same space, and a perturbative correction in the second-order interacting space. The use of a fixed initiator space reintroduces population plateaus into FCIQMC, but it is shown that the plateau height is typically only a small multiple of the size of V. Thus, for a comparable fundamental memory cost to SCI+PT2, a substantially larger space can be sampled. The resulting method can be seen as a complementary approach to SCI+PT2, which is more accurate but slower for a common selected/initiator space. More generally, our results show that approaches exist to significantly improve initiator energies in i-FCIQMC, while still ameliorating the fermion sign problem relative to the original FCIQMC method.
description: 13 pages, 6 figures
Agricultural trade liberalization: growth, welfare and large country effects
Creators: name: Parikh, Kirit S.
name: Narayana, N.S.S.
name: Panda, Manoj
name: Kumar, A. Ganesh
name: Parikh, Kirit S.
name: Narayana, N.S.S.
name: Panda, Manoj
name: Kumar, A. Ganesh
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1997
Subjects: International Relations/Trade
Production Economics

description: The impacts of trade liberalization for India have been examined with an applied general equilibrium model with nine agricultural sectors, one non-tradeable nonagriculture sector and one tradeable nonagriculture sector and with five rural and five urban expenditure classes. Different scenarios are generated using the model. Since comparison of GDP in two alternative scenarios can be misleading, the policy alternatives are assessed on the basis of their impact on welfare in terms of equivalent incomes of different expenditure classes. A policy is assessed preferable only when the distribution of welfare is found to be preferable in a well defined way. It demonstrates the importance of accounting for large country effects in rice trade and estimates the welfare optimal tariff/ quota for rice exports for India-which is shown to be just half a million tons of net export of rice. The results also show that nonagricultural trade liberalization is even more important for agriculture than even agricultural trade liberalization, both of which help accelerate growth. © 1997 Elsevier Science B.V.
Parton Distributions in the Valon Model
Creators: name: Hwa, Rudolph C.
name: Yang, C. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The parton distribution functions determined by CTEQ at low $Q^2$ are used as inputs to test the validity of the valon model. The valon distributions in a nucleon are first found to be nearly $Q$ independent. The parton distribution in a valon are shown to be consistent with being universal, independent of the valon type. The momentum fractions of the partons in the valon add up separately to one. These properties affirm the validity of the valon model. The various distributions are parameterized for convenient application of the model.
description: 9 pages + 9 figures in eps
Dynamic adjustment in the US beef market with imports
Creators: name: Buhr, Brian L.
name: Kim, Hanho
name: Buhr, Brian L.
name: Kim, Hanho
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1997
Subjects: International Relations/Trade
Livestock Production/Industries

description: This paper hypothesizes that while there are important qualitative differences in domestic beef and imported beef, beef and cattle imports also represent attempts by the US beef processing and wholesale sector to adjust to short-run changes in supply and demand. Dynamic production theory is applied to the problem to test for this adjustment process, and presents a production theory approach to meat trade that has previously been included in demand functions. The results of this analysis suggest that the method used provides a reasonable and appropriate representation of the import behavior of the US processing and wholesale beef sector. © 1997 Elsevier Science B.V.
Lettre aux Nations Unies
Creators: name: Waliya, Yohanna  Joseph
Publisher: name: unknown
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Curriculum planning
subject: Methodology
subject: Research
subject: Source code (Computer science)
subject: Digital humanities
subject: Critical theory

description: Cyberpoésies d'engagement qui renonce l'injustice de pays soi-disant Pouvoirs Mondiaux.
Syringogastridae Prado 1969
Creators: name: Marshall, S. A.
name: Buck, M.
name: Skevington, J. H.
name: Grimaldi, D.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2009
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Syringogastridae

description: Monophyly of Syringogastridae   The monophyly of this distinctive family has never been questioned, however it is here further established by the following suite of apomorphic characters (plesiomorphic states in parentheses): (1) frontal-orbital bristle absent (present); (2) inner vertical bristle absent (present); (3) arista bipectinate (short-pubescent); (4) ocellar triangle differentiated (absent); (5) postpronotum not delimited from mesoscutum posteromedially (delimited by suture); (6) precoxal bridge present (absent); (7) posterior notopleural bristle small and hair-like (large and bristle-like); (8) supra-alar bristle absent (present); (9) subscutellum transverse, virtually absent (moderately developed); (10) prespiracular processes present (absent); (11) laterotergite flat (convex); (12) metasternum fused posteromedially with postcoxal bridge (metasternum separate from postcoxal bridge posteromedially); (13) alula absent (present); (14) spiracle of first abdominal segment in tergite (in membrane); (15) tergites 2 and 3 fused (separate); (16) hypandrial arms with large, setulose ventral lobe (lobe very small (Centrioncus) or absent); (17) proximal opening of basiphallus greatly enlarged, its dorsal margin articulated with hypandrial bridge (proximal opening small, dorsal margin not articulated with hypandrium); (18) four spermathecae (three or two).
 Characters 5, 12, 16 and 17 were not previously recognised as synapomorphies of the family. Some characters appear convergently in other Diopsoidea as follows: (1): Diopsidae excluding Centrioncus, Megamerina, Gobryidae, some Psilidae; (2): Centrioncus; (3): Gobryidae, Nothybidae; (4): Psilidae; (6): many Diopsidae excluding Centrioncus, Gobryidae, Nothybidae; (8): most Diopsidae excluding Centrioncus; (9): most Psilidae; (13): Diopsinae, Gobryidae, Nothybidae; (15): some Diopsinae; (18): Cladodiopsis (Diopsidae).
description: Published as part of Marshall, S. A., Buck, M., Skevington, J. H. & Grimaldi, D., 2009, A revision of the family Syringogastridae (Diptera: Diopsoidea), pp. 1-80 in Zootaxa 1996 (1) on page 10
Identifying international rice research spillovers in New South Wales
Creators: name: Brennan, John P.
name: Singh, Inder Pal
name: Lewin, Laurie
name: Brennan, John P.
name: Singh, Inder Pal
name: Lewin, Laurie
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1997
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries
Production Economics
Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies

description: The rice industry in New South Wales, Australia, has benefited from the international flow of germplasm, as have other industries. The aim in this paper is to identify those international flows, and to value their contributions to the industry. Analysis is made of the origins and pedigrees of the rice varieties grown in New South Wales since the 1960s, and the contribution of different germplasm sources are identified, using the geometric rule of partitioning contributions. The analysis reveals that New South Wales has had a significant contribution from international sources, notably breeding programs in the USA. The analysis also reveals that the International Rice Research Institute has had no impact on the germplasm used in New South Wales rice varieties. The changes over time on the role of international germplasm flows are also identified. © 1997 Elsevier Science B.V.
SpotLight: An Information Service for the Cloud
Creators: name: Ouyang, Xue
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2016

description: Infrastructure-as-a-Service cloud platforms are incredibly complex: they rent hundreds of different types of servers across multiple geographical regions under a wide range of contract types that offer varying tradeoffs between risk and cost. Unfortunately, the internal dynamics of cloud platforms are opaque in several dimensions. For example, while the risk of servers not being available when requested is critical in optimizing these risk-cost tradeoffs, it is not typically made visible to users. Thus, inspired by prior work on Internet bandwidth probing, we propose actively probing cloud platforms to explicitly learn such information, where each "probe'' is a request for a particular type of server. We model the relationships between different contracts types to develop a market-based probing policy, which leverages the insight that real-time prices in cloud spot markets loosely correlate with the supply (and availability) of fixed-price on-demand servers. That is, the higher the spot price for a server, the more likely the corresponding fixed-price on-demand server is not available. We incorporate market-based probing into SpotLight, an information service that enables cloud applications to query this and other data, and use it to monitor the availability of more than 4500 distinct server types across 9 geographical regions in Amazon's Elastic Compute Cloud over a 3 month period. We analyze this data to reveal interesting observations about the platform's internal dynamics. We then show how SpotLight enables two recently proposed derivative cloud services to select a better mix of servers to host applications, which improves their availability from 70-90% to near 100% in practice.
Additional file 1 of Multi-faceted analysis reveals the characteristics of silk fabrics on a Liao Dynasty DieXie belt
Creators: name: Ge, Ruochen
name: Cong, Lili
name: Fu, Yongping
name: Wang, Bing
name: Shen, Guiyun
name: Xu, Bing
name: Hu, Mingzhou
name: Yu, Han
name: Zhou, Jie
name: Yang, Lu
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 1. Supplementary material.
Reaction Transformers for Fingerprints, Classification and Atom-Mapping
Creators: name: Schwaller, Philippe
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020

description: https://plan.core-apps.com/acs_sf20/abstract/f41602de-1616-4ccf-ab69-955f81795d59 Presentation by Philippe Schwaller at ACS Fall meeting 2020 on the first demonstration of knowledge extraction from a self-supervised language model with a direct practical application in the chemical reaction domain.
Syringogaster Cresson 1912
Creators: name: Marshall, S. A.
name: Buck, M.
name: Skevington, J. H.
name: Grimaldi, D.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2009
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Syringogastridae
Syringogaster

description: GENUS SYRINGOGASTER
 Syringogaster Cresson, 1912: 392 (as Psilidae). Type species: Syringogaster rufa Cresson, by original designation.
description: Published as part of Marshall, S. A., Buck, M., Skevington, J. H. & Grimaldi, D., 2009, A revision of the family Syringogastridae (Diptera: Diopsoidea), pp. 1-80 in Zootaxa 1996 (1) on page 15
A Textbook-Based Study on Measure Word Acquisition in Learners of Chinese as A Second Langauge
Creators: name: Wang, Shaofang
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2016

description: The Chinese language features a rich class of words called measure words that serve as units for counting objects and actions. In comparison with English and other Indo-European languages, Chinese makes much more extensive use of measure words. American students who study Chinese as a second language often find it hard to acquire the usage of Chinese measure words. To obtain a comprehensive and objective evaluation of students’ measure words acquisition, I designed an experiment where measure words as introduced in Integrated Chinese are collected.
In the current study, measure words are divided into two categories by their semantic features: Concrete Measure Words and Abstract Measure Words. If a measure word directly relates to its object’s concrete exterior shape, and image thought plays an important role when people try to use this measure word, it is called a concrete measure word. Abstract measure words are those which have no obvious relation to an object’s exterior image, and whose usages mainly rely on people’s abstract thought. Students are divided into two grades based on how long they have studied Chinese: Grade 1 and Grade 2. Survey results show that students’ acquisition of concrete measure words is significantly better than their acquisition of abstract measure words. Furthermore, there is no obvious difference between measure words acquisition of the two grades; visual aids can facilitate concrete measure words acquisition to some extent.
Conclusions of survey results reveal some practical principles of measure words teaching. First, concrete measure words and abstract measure words should be treated differently in classroom teaching. Second, different teaching strategies should be adopted to teach students from different grades. Third, analyzing semantic features and providing visual aids are useful methods when teaching concrete measure words.
This thesis includes five chapters. Chapter One summarizes related work in previous studies and points out the importance of future research on Chinese measure words acquisition. Chapter Two focuses on the design of the survey where experimental settings, including objects, participants, survey design, and study methods, are introduced. In Chapter Three, I discuss the experimental results in more detail and summarize typically misused measure words. Chapter Four focuses on the teaching material study where I analyze the arrangements of contents related to measure words, and discuss the merits and shortcomings of the teaching materials currently used. In the last chapter, I summarize some suggestions on teaching strategies inspired by this study.
Pressure-induced enhancement of two-dimensionality in LaO1-xFxBi(Se/S)2 superconductors
Creators: name: Svitlyk, V.
name: Krzton-Maziopa, A.
name: Mezouar, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Application of high pressure (HP) induces evolution from metallic to semi-metallic state in the layered superconducting LaO1-xFxBiSe2 phase, as concluded from ab initio calculations based on experimental P-dependent structural data. These changes in conduction properties are associated with a reported decrease in the superconducting transition temperature, Tc. However, further increase in pressure induces structural transformation in LaO1-xFxBiSe2 which results in a strong enhancement of its two-dimensionality with a related improvement in superconducting performance. In addition, the HP structural anisotropy induces a loss of long-range order correlations along the stacking direction of the LaO/F and BiSe2 layers yielding formation of stacking faults. Similar but even more pronounced structural transition was observed in the related LaO1-xFxBiS2 phase which is also accompanied by an increase in Tc. This demonstrates that enhancement of two-dimensionality in layered superconducting systems acts in favor of their superconducting performance.
Assessing the Effects of Heuristic Perceptions on Voter Turnout
Creators: name: Aziz, Amanda
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2016

description: Democracy in the United States operates under two contradictory norms: that it is a civic duty to vote, and that it is irresponsible to cast an uninformed vote. Do these contrasting norms suppress voter turnout? Why do some uninformed Americans turn out to vote while others do not? This study seeks to understand the information barriers that Americans perceive to be in the way of voting by studying how voters and nonvoters differ in their perceptions of the importance of various heuristics. By analyzing a 2012 Cooperative Congressional Election Study survey question that measures respondents’ prioritization of these information shortcuts, this study is able to understand how the prioritization of certain heuristics is associated with turnout rates. I find that high prioritization of the partisan identification heuristic and the heuristic based on the candidate a respondent’s friend supports is associated with higher turnout rates. I argue that this is because of the density of information offered by each heuristic and their usefulness in aiding in the decision-making process for potential voters. I conclude that perception of the usefulness of heuristics matters to turnout, and that this is a start to understanding how information costs may hinder turnout where it would otherwise exist.
Developments in biophysical and bioeconomic simulation of agricultural systems: a review
Creators: name: Oriade, Caleb A.
name: Dillon, Carl R.
name: Oriade, Caleb A.
name: Dillon, Carl R.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1997
Subjects: Production Economics
Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies

description: This paper reviews the features and uses of some recent biophysical and bioeconomic simulation models in agricultural economics research. Problems associated with earlier models are discussed and the extent to which recent simulators have addressed these concerns is appraised. Some salient factors that will enhance the continued relevance of simulators as research and decision support tools are indicated.
MOESM15 of Human mesenchymal stromal cells broadly modulate high glucose-induced inflammatory responses of renal proximal tubular cell monolayers
Creators: name: Md Islam
name: TomÃ¡S Griffin
name: Sander, Elizabeth
name: Rocks, Stephanie
name: Junaid Qazi
name: Cabral, Joana
name: McCaul, Jasmin
name: McMorrow, Tara
name: Griffin, Matthew
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology

description: Additional file 15: Table S6. List of DEGs with significant Fold Changes in RPTEC/TERT1 cells without and with MSC co-culture in mannitol (MAN) condition.
Boys Just Want to Have Fun? Sexual Behaviors and Romantic Intentions of Gay and Straight Men in College Hookup Culture
Creators: name: Barrios, Randy J
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2016

description: Scholars studying college student sexual culture in the United States largely frame men as being detached from emotions, unconcerned with relationships, and in pursuit of sexual conquests. Through an examination of college sexual culture, an environment often associated with meaningless sexual encounters, this paper tests those stereotypes in both gay and straight men. By analyzing sexual behaviors, social opportunity structures, and romantic attitudes of gay and straight males in college, this paper finds evidence that both supports and contradicts existing literature on masculine stereotypes for both groups of men.
Tracer diffusion in a dislocated lamellar system
Creators: name: Gurarie, Victor
name: Lobkovsky, Alexander E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Many lamellar systems exhibit strongly anisotropic diffusion. When the diffusion across the lamellae is slow, an alternative mechanism for transverse transport becomes important. A tracer particle can propagate in the direction normal to the lamellae, never leaving a particular layer, by going around a screw dislocation. Given the density of positive and negative screw dislocations, we calculate the statistical properties of the transverse transport. When either positive or negative dislocations are in excess, the tracer moves ballistically normally to the layers with the mean square of the displacement growing like the square of time T^2. When the average dislocation charge is zero, the mean square of the normal displacement grows like T log T for large times. To obtain this result, the trajectory of the tracer must be smoothed over distances of order of the dislocation core size.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures, RevTeX 4
Precession of a particle with anomalous magnetic moment in electromagnetic and gravitational pp-wave fields
Creators: name: Balakin, Alexander
name: Kurbanova, Veronika
name: Zimdahl, Winfried
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an exact solution of the Bargmann-Michel-Telegdi (BMT) equations for the dynamics of a spin particle in external electromagnetic and gravitational pp-wave fields. We demonstrate that an anomalous magnetic moment gives rise to an additional spin rotation which is modulated both by the electromagnetic and by the gravitational wave periodicities.
description: 8 pages, LaTex
Cost-effectiveness of pembrolizumab compared with chemotherapy in the US for women with previously treated deficient mismatch repair or high microsatellite instability unresectable or metastatic endometrial cancer
Creators: name: Thurgar, Elizabeth
name: Gouldson, Mark
name: Matthijsse, Suzette
name: Mayur Amonkar
name: Marinello, Patricia
name: Navneet Upadhyay
name: Chizoba Nwankwo
name: Aguiar-Ibáñez, Raquel
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer

description: There is limited published evidence for the cost-effectiveness of treatments for unresectable or metastatic endometrial cancer (mEC). The objective of this analysis was to assess the cost-effectiveness of pembrolizumab versus chemotherapy for previously treated unresectable or mEC, in women whose tumors have deficient mismatch repair (dMMR) or high microsatellite instability (MSI-H). The analysis was carried out from a US healthcare payer perspective. A lifetime partitioned survival model comprising three health states (progression-free, progressed disease and death) was constructed. Chemotherapy was represented by single-agent paclitaxel or doxorubicin. Overall survival, progression-free survival and time on treatment data for pembrolizumab were obtained from a Phase II clinical study that included women with previously treated dMMR/MSI-H unresectable or mEC (KEYNOTE-158, NCT02628067). Survival data for chemotherapy were obtained from a published Phase III study for previously treated advanced endometrial cancer. Costs included were drug acquisition and administration, health-state, end-of-life, and adverse event management. Costs were presented in 2019 US$. Outcomes were calculated as quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs), using EQ-5D data from KEYNOTE-158. Model results were tested extensively in deterministic and probabilistic sensitivity analyses. Results demonstrated that pembrolizumab is a highly cost-effective treatment option when compared with chemotherapy, with estimated deterministic and probabilistic incremental cost-effectiveness ratios (ICERs) of $58,165 and $57,668 per QALY gained, respectively. Pembrolizumab was associated with a large QALY and life-year gain per person versus chemotherapy over the model time horizon (deterministic 4.68 life year gain, 3.80 QALYs), with the majority of QALYs accrued in the progression-free health state. The key limitation of the analysis was the lack of comparative effectiveness data for pembrolizumab versus chemotherapy. Pembrolizumab is a highly cost-effective treatment option when compared with chemotherapy for women with previously treated dMMR/MSI-H unresectable or mEC. Results were robust to the changes in parameters and assumptions explored.
Plasma-assisted molecular beam epitaxy of NiO on GaN(00.1)
Creators: name: Budde, Melanie
name: Remmele, Thilo
name: Tschammer, Carsten
name: Feldl, Johannes
name: Franz, Philipp
name: Lähnemann, Jonas
name: Cheng, Zongzhe
name: Hanke, Michael
name: Ramsteiner, Manfred
name: Albrecht, Martin
name: Bierwagen, Oliver
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The growth of NiO on GaN(00.1) substrates by plasma-assisted molecular beam epitaxy under oxygen rich conditions was investigated at growth temperatures between 100 $^{\circ}$C and 850 $^{\circ}$C. Epitaxial growth of NiO(111) with two rotational domains, with epitaxial relation $\normalsize{}\mathrm{\mathrm{\mathrm{NiO}(1\bar{\mathrm{1}}0)}\:||\:\mathrm{\mathrm{GaN}(11.0)}}$ and $\mathrm{\mathrm{\mathrm{NiO}\mathrm{(10\bar{\mathrm{1}})}\:||\:\mathrm{GaN(11.0)}}}$, was observed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and confirmed by in-situ reflection high-energy electron diffraction as well as transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and electron backscatter diffraction. With respect to the high lattice mismatch of 8.1 % and a measured low residual tensile layer strain, growth by lattice matching epitaxy or domain matching epitaxy is discussed. The morphology measured by atomic force microscopy showed a grainy surface, probably arising from the growth by the columnar rotational domains visible in TEM micrographs. The domain sizes measured by AFM and TEM increase with the growth temperature, indicating an increasing surface diffusion length. Growth at 850 $^{\circ}$C, however, involved local decomposition of the GaN substrate that lead to an interfacial $\mathrmβ$-Ga$\mathrm{_{2}}$O$\mathrm{_{3}}$($\bar{\mathrm{2}}$01) layer and a high NiO surface roughness. Raman mesurements of the quasi-forbidden one-phonon peak indicate increasing layer quality (decreasing defect density) with increasing growth temperature. The results above suggest optimum growth temperatures around 700 $^{\circ}$C for high layer and interface quality.
description: 10 pages (+2 Supplement), 12 figures (+2 Supplement). The following article has been submitted to Journal of Applied Physics (October 2019)
Modern climate change and contemporary environmental issues
Creators: name: Vestergaard, Christina
name: Riede, Felix
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2017
Subjects: the Anthropocene
contemporary archaeology
environmental archaeology
dark heritage

description: In light of the current discussion regarding the Anthropocene, this paper explores this new geological epoch from an archaeological – and specifically a field-archaeological – point of view. The Anthropocene has been proposed as an epoch in which humans have become the dominating force shaping global geological and ecological dynamics. At present, a lively debate runs as to the very validity and the time of onset of this ‘Age of Humans’. One of the most convincing starting points is the ‘Great Acceleration’ of the gargantuan capitalism-driven rise in fossil fuel extraction and chemical signature of human activity that began around 1950. This paper presents results of archaeological fieldwork at the former brown coal mining site of Søby in central Denmark. This field campaign was specifically designed to capture the coupled geological, ecological and cultural entanglements of the Anthropocene. Our approach combines contemporary archaeology, environmental archaeology and heritage studies resulting in a framing of Søby, its history and environs as ‘environmental dark heritage’. Furthermore, this archaeological fieldwork fed into a subsequent exhibition in the newly-opened Moesgård Museum. This exhibition challenged people to interact with the ‘mild apocalypse’ in their Anthropocene backyard. The Søby locale, we argue, presents a local microcosm of a potential global future of unintended environmental and social consequences, economic overexploitation and humanly induced catastrophe.
Sleep Patterns, Urinary Levels of Melatonin and Subsequent Weight Change in the Women’s Health Initiative Observational Study
Creators: name: Barron, Nicole M
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2016

description: Results from prospective studies examining associations between sleep duration and weight gain have been mixed. Melatonin has been hypothesized to mediate the association between sleep duration and weight/body composition. In cross-sectional studies, aMT6s has been shown to be inversely associated with weight/body fat percentage. We examined associations between baseline sleep duration, insomnia status, aMT6s levels with weight/body fat percentage through 6 years, utilizing a subset 690 women who participated in a breast cancer case-control study nested within the WHI-OS. Multi-variable and mixed-effects regression was used to calculate beta-coefficients and 95% confidence intervals. Cross-sectional analyses showed urinary aMT6s levels were inversely associated with BMI and body fat percentage. No associations were observed between sleep patterns and measures of adiposity. The prospective relationship between urinary aMT6 levels and weight/body fat percentage was complex. Age-adjusted mixed models show an association in the interaction term between year and aMT6s with body fat percentage (βinteraction:0.09, pinteraction:0.16, p=0.07), demonstrating the influence of baseline aMT6s and time on changes in outcome. Women with higher baseline aMT6s had a trajectory of increased body fat percentage and weight gain steepest between baseline and year 3, whereas women with lower baseline aMT6 levels had a trajectory of decreased body fat percent and weight between year 3 and year 6. The prospective association between melatonin levels and adiposity measures was unexpected. Future studies with objective measures of sleep and repeated measures of melatonin may shed light of possible explanations for our findings.
Understanding the health and nutritional status of children in Ghana
Creators: name: Asenso-Okyere, W.F.
name: Asante, Felix A.
name: Nube, M.
name: Asenso-Okyere, W.F.
name: Asante, Felix A.
name: Nube, M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1997
Subjects: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
Food Security and Poverty
Health Economics and Policy

description: The data set of the Ghana Living Standards Survey (GLSS, round 1, 1987 /1988) was utilized to analyse the principal determinants (publicly and privately) of health and nutrition of children under five in Ghana. While in most health and nutrition studies the emphasis is either on health-related factors such as occurrence of illness, immunization, accessibility to light (electricity), the role of breastfeeding, or on food availability and food-consumption-related factors, in the present study, an attempt has been made to incorporate both aspects simultaneously. On the basis of the GLSS, Ghanaian households spend at the average approximately 60% of total expenses on food. Changes in relative prices of the various food commodities differently affect household food availability. Lowering prices of relatively cheap foods (e.g., millet, cassava) tends to have a strong positive effect on total household kcal availability. At the level of the household, the absolute number of nondependents, presumed to represent the available labour force, is positively correlated with household food availability. There is also a positive correlation between the mothers' level of education (10 yrs of schooling and above) and the nutrition level of children. Occurrence of illness in children could be shown to negatively affect their health and nutrition status. Finally, a specific finding in the analysis was a rather strong negative effect of prolonged breastfeeding on the nutritional status of children. Among the policy recommendations emanating from the research are: (1) promotion of efficient production and marketing of cassava, (2) efforts to achieve slowing down of rural-urban migration to prevent labour shortages in rural households, (3) improving water and sanitation conditions, (4) expanding immunization programmes in particular in rural areas, and (5) promoting better weaning practices when children are no longer fully breastfed.
The NuMI Hadronic Hose
Creators: name: Ducar, R.
name: Hylen, J.
name: Garkusha, V.
name: Jensen, C.
name: Kopp, S.
name: Kostin, M.
name: Lyukov, A.
name: May, M.
name: Messier, M.
name: Milburne, R.
name: Novoskoltsev, F.
name: Pushka, D.
name: Smart, W.
name: Unel, G.
name: Walton, J.
name: Zarucheisky, V.
name: Zwaska, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Neutrinos at the Main Injector (NuMI) beam supplies an intense $ν_μ$ beam to the Main Injector Neutrino Oscillation Search (MINOS). The $ν_μ$'s are derived from a secondary $π^+$ beam that is allowed to decay within a 675 m decay tunnel. As part of this effort, we are developing a continuous toroidal magnetic focusing system, called the Hadronic Hose, to better steer the secondary beam. The Hose will both increase the net neutrino flux reaching the MINOS detectors and reduce systematic differences in the neutrino energy spectra at the two detectors due to solid angle acceptances.
description: Paper submitted to the Particle Accelerator Conference (PAC2001), Chicago, Ill, June 18-22, 2001