cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Out of equilibrium electrons and the Hall conductance of a Floquet topological insulator
Creators: name: Dehghani, Hossein
name: Oka, Takashi
name: Mitra, Aditi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Graphene irradiated by a circularly polarized laser has been predicted to be a Floquet topological insulator showing a laser-induced quantum Hall effect. A circularly polarized laser also drives the system out of equilibrium resulting in non-thermal electron distribution functions that strongly affect transport properties. Results are presented for the Hall conductance for two different cases. One is for a closed system such as a cold-atomic gas where transverse drift due to non-zero Berry curvature can be measured in time of flight measurements. For this case the effect of a circularly polarized laser that has been switched on suddenly is studied. The second is for an open system coupled to an external reservoir of phonons. While for the former, the Hall conductance is far from the quantized limit, for the latter, coupling to a sufficiently low temperature reservoir of phonons is found to produce effective cooling, and thus an approach to the quantum limit, provided the frequency of the laser is large as compared to the band-width. For laser frequencies comparable to the band-width, strong deviations from the quantum limit of conductance is found even for a very low temperature reservoir, with the precise value of the Hall conductance determined by a competition between reservoir induced cooling and the excitation of photo-carriers by the laser. For the closed system, the electron distribution function is determined by the overlap between the initial wavefunction and the Floquet states which can result in a Hall conductance which is opposite in sign to that of the open system.
description: 12 pages, 6 figures
Possible non-Abelian Moore-Read state in double-layer bosonic fractional quantum Hall system
Creators: name: Zhu, W.
name: Gong, S. S.
name: Sheng, D. N.
name: Sheng, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Identifying and understanding interacting systems that can host non-Abelian topological phases with fractionalized quasiparticles have attracted intense attentions in the past twenty years. Theoretically, it is possible to realize a rich variety of such states by coupling two Abelian fractional quantum Hall (FQH) states together through gapping out part of the low energy degrees of freedom. So far, there are some indications, but no robust example has been established in bilayer systems for realizing the non-Abelian state in the past. Here, we present a phase diagram of a double-layer bosonic FQH system based on the exact diagonalization and density-matrix renormalization group (DMRG) calculations, which demonstrate a potential regime with the emergence of the non-Abelian bosonic Moore-Read state. We start from the Abelian phase with fourfold topological degeneracies on torus geometry when the two layers are weakly coupled. With the increase of interlayer tunneling, we find an intermediate regime with a threefold groundstate degeneracy and a finite fractional drag Hall conductance. We find the different topological sectors in consistent with Moore-Read state by inserting different fluxes in adiabatic DMRG study. We also extract the modular $\mathcal{S}-$ matrix, which supports the emergence of the non-Abelian Ising anyon quasiparticle in this system.
description: 7 figures; 7 pages
Additional file 1 of Investigation of foot and mouth disease virus and other animal pathogens in cattle, buffaloes and goats at the interface with Akagera National Park 2017 – 2020
Creators: name: Udahemuka, Jean Claude
name: Aboge, Gabriel
name: Obiero, George
name: Ingabire, Angélique
name: Beeton, Natasha
name: Uwibambe, Evodie
name: Lebea, Phiyani
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1. Retrieved sequences used in this study.
The Abandoned Side of the Internet: Hijacking Internet Resources When Domain Names Expire
Creators: name: Schlamp, Johann
name: Gustafsson, Josef
name: Wählisch, Matthias
name: Schmidt, Thomas C.
name: Carle, Georg
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: C.2.3; C.2.0

description: The vulnerability of the Internet has been demonstrated by prominent IP prefix hijacking events. Major outages such as the China Telecom incident in 2010 stimulate speculations about malicious intentions behind such anomalies. Surprisingly, almost all discussions in the current literature assume that hijacking incidents are enabled by the lack of security mechanisms in the inter-domain routing protocol BGP. In this paper, we discuss an attacker model that accounts for the hijacking of network ownership information stored in Regional Internet Registry (RIR) databases. We show that such threats emerge from abandoned Internet resources (e.g., IP address blocks, AS numbers). When DNS names expire, attackers gain the opportunity to take resource ownership by re-registering domain names that are referenced by corresponding RIR database objects. We argue that this kind of attack is more attractive than conventional hijacking, since the attacker can act in full anonymity on behalf of a victim. Despite corresponding incidents have been observed in the past, current detection techniques are not qualified to deal with these attacks. We show that they are feasible with very little effort, and analyze the risk potential of abandoned Internet resources for the European service region: our findings reveal that currently 73 /24 IP prefixes and 7 ASes are vulnerable to be stealthily abused. We discuss countermeasures and outline research directions towards preventive solutions.
description: Final version for TMA 2015
Additional file 2 of Twelve-month outcomes of a community-based, father-daughter physical activity program delivered by trained facilitators
Creators: name: Ashton, Lee M.
name: Rayward, Anna T.
name: Pollock, Emma R.
name: Kennedy, Stevie-Lee
name: Young, Myles D.
name: Eather, Narelle
name: Barnes, Alyce T.
name: Lee, Daniel R.
name: Morgan, Philip J.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 2.
The fitness of an introgressing haplotype changes over the course of divergence and depends on its size and genomic location
Creators: name: Dagilis, Andrius J.
name: Matute, Daniel R.
Publisher: name: Public Library of Science
Year: 2023

description: The genomic era has made clear that introgression, or the movement of genetic material between species, is a common feature of evolution. Examples of both adaptive and deleterious introgression exist in a variety of systems. What is unclear is how the fitness of an introgressing haplotype changes as species diverge or as the size of the introgressing haplotype changes. In a simple model, we show that introgression may more easily occur into parts of the genome which have not diverged heavily from a common ancestor. The key insight is that alleles from a shared genetic background are likely to have positive epistatic interactions, increasing the fitness of a larger introgressing block. In regions of the genome where few existing substitutions are disrupted, this positive epistasis can be larger than incompatibilities with the recipient genome. Further, we show that early in the process of divergence, introgression of large haplotypes can be favored more than introgression of individual alleles. This model is consistent with observations of a positive relationship between recombination rate and introgression frequency across the genome; however, it generates several novel predictions. First, the model suggests that the relationship between recombination rate and introgression may not exist, or may be negative, in recently diverged species pairs. Furthermore, the model suggests that introgression that replaces existing derived variation will be more deleterious than introgression at sites carrying ancestral variants. These predictions are tested in an example of introgression in Drosophila melanogaster, with some support for both. Finally, the model provides a potential alternative explanation to asymmetry in the direction of introgression, with expectations of higher introgression from rapidly diverged populations into slowly evolving ones.
Additional file 2: of The knowledge-risk-behaviour continuum among young Ugandans: what it tells us about SRH/HIV integration
Creators: name: Gonzรกlez, Raquel Palomino
name: Damazo Kadengye
name: Mayega, Roy
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Plant Biology
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Translation of the abstract of this article into Portuguese. (PDF 271 kb)
United States Department of Agriculture nutrition assistance programs during the COVID-19 pandemic: A scoping review protocol
Creators: name: Read M.
name: Soldavini J.
name: Clay L.
Publisher: name: Public Library of Science
Year: 2023

description: OBJECTIVE: The goal of this scoping review is to examine the published research on federal nutrition assistance programs administered by the United States (U.S.) Department of Agriculture during the COVID-19 pandemic, in the U.S., U.S. territories, and tribal nations. The review will identify the scope of the available research and provide research and policy recommendations. INTRODUCTION: The COVID-19 pandemic made individuals more vulnerable to experiencing food insecurity. Federal nutrition assistance programs help to address food insecurity and have been rapidly adapting to meet food and nutrition needs among affected communities during the COVID-19 pandemic. It is important to understand the scope of the current research on this topic to help inform future research, practice, and policy recommendations. INCLUSION CRITERIA: This review will include studies focused on federal nutrition assistance programs administered by the U.S. Department of Agriculture during the COVID-19 pandemic. The scoping review will consider all primary research designs. METHODS: Pubmed, CINHAL, Scopus, and Proquest's Health Management databases will be used for the literature search. Only articles published in English since March 1, 2020 will be considered. Titles/abstracts followed by full-text articles will be reviewed to determine which articles meet the inclusion criteria and should be included in the review. Data will be extracted from each included article using a data extraction template in Covidence that will be developed by the study team. Data extracted will include information on key findings related to the review questions. At each step, two independent reviewers will be assigned to each article. Data will be summarized and presented in tables, charts, and narrative summary.
Additional file 1: of Evaluation of the inverse electron demand Diels-Alder reaction in rats using a scandium-44-labelled tetrazine for pretargeted PET imaging
Creators: name: Edem, Patricia
name: Jean-Philippe Sinnes
name: Pektor, Stefanie
name: Bausbacher, Nicole
name: Rossin, Raffaella
name: Abdolreza Yazdani
name: Miederer, Matthias
name: Kjær, Andreas
name: Valliant, John
name: Robillard, Marc
name: Rösch, Frank
name: Herth, Matthias
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Physiology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Figure S1. HPLC radiochromatogram chromatogram of [44Sc]3 (Rt = 5.7 min). Figure S2. In vitro stability of [44Sc]3. (A) radio-TLC analysis of [44Sc]3 with 2 (lane 2) and without 2 (lane 1) following radiosynthesis. (B) Percent intact over time after incubation in saline (red circles) and human serum albumin (blue squares) for 0.5–24 h at 37 °C. Table S1. Summary of the uptake for [44Sc]3 in Wistar rats. Table S2. Summary of bone uptake values (4 h p.i.) and TCO:Tz ratios in individual rats. (DOC 275 kb)
Three-Phase Freak Waves
Creators: name: Smirnov, Aleksandr O.
name: Matveenko, Sergei G.
name: Semenov, Sergei K.
name: Semenova, Elena G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the article, we describe three-phase finite-gap solutions of the focusing nonlinear Schrödinger equation and Kadomtsev-Petviashvili and Hirota equations that exhibit the behavior of almost-periodic "freak waves". We also study the dependency of the solution parameters on the spectral curves.
Mass Accretion and its Effects on the Self-Similarity of Gas Profiles in the Outskirts of Galaxy Clusters
Creators: name: Lau, Erwin T.
name: Nagai, Daisuke
name: Avestruz, Camille
name: Nelson, Kaylea
name: Vikhlinin, Alexey
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Galaxy clusters exhibit remarkable self-similar behavior which allows us to establish simple scaling relationships between observable quantities and cluster masses, making galaxy clusters useful cosmological probes. Recent X-ray observations suggest that self-similarity may be broken in the outskirts of galaxy clusters. In this work, we analyze a mass-limited sample of massive galaxy clusters from the Omega500 cosmological hydrodynamic simulation to investigate the self-similarity of the diffuse X-ray emitting intracluster medium (ICM) in the outskirts of galaxy clusters. We find that the self-similarity of the outer ICM profiles is better preserved if they are normalized with respect to the mean density of the universe, while the inner profiles are more self-similar when normalized using the critical density. However, the outer ICM profiles as well as the location of accretion shock around clusters are sensitive to their mass accretion rate, which causes the apparent breaking of self-similarity in cluster outskirts. We also find that the collisional gas does not follow the distribution of collisionless dark matter perfectly in the infall regions of galaxy clusters, leading to 10% departures in the gas-to-dark matter density ratio from the cosmic mean value. Our results have a number implications for interpreting observations of galaxy clusters in X-ray and through the Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effect and their application to cluster cosmology.
description: 12 pages, 10 figures. Updated to match published version on ApJ
Trajectories of Meat Intake and Risk of Type 2 Diabetes: Findings from the China Health and Nutrition Survey (1997–2018)
Creators: name: Ding, Gangqiang
name: Wang, Qi
name: Jiao, Yingying
name: Liu, Mengran
name: Du, Shufa
name: Wang, Huijun
name: Zhang, Bing
name: Su, Chang
Publisher: name: MDPI
Year: 2023

description: Few articles have investigated the impact of long-term meat intake trends and their changes during follow-up on the risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D). We aimed to explore the long-term trajectories of meat intake and determine its association with T2D risk in Chinese adults. This study used seven rounds of data from the China Health and Nutrition Survey (1997, 2000, 2004, 2006, 2009, 2015, and 2018), and 4464 adults aged 18 years or older were analyzed. The group-based trajectory modeling was used to identify meat intake trajectories over 21 years. Multivariate Cox proportional hazard and restricted cubic spline models were used to analyze the association and dose–response relationship between meat intake and T2D. Four trajectory groups were identified: “low-increase intake group” (Group 1), “moderate-increase intake group” (Group 2), “medium-stable intake group” (Group 3), and “high intake group” (Group 4). Compared with Group 2, Group 4 was associated with a higher risk of developing T2D (hazard ratio 2.37 [95% CI 1.41–3.98]). After adjusting for demographic characteristics, lifestyle, total energy intake, waist circumference, and systolic blood pressure, and using the third quintile as a reference, the risk of T2D was increased by 46% in the lowest quintile with meat intake (hazard ratio 1.46 [95% CI 1.07–2.01]) and by 41% in the highest quintile with meat intake (HR 1.41 [95% CI 1.03–1.94]). A U-shape was observed between meat intake and T2D risk (p for nonlinear < 0.001). When the intake was lower than 75 g/day, the risk of T2D was negatively correlated with meat intake, while the risk of T2D was positively correlated with meat intake when the intake was higher than 165 g/day. We identified four trajectory groups of meat intake from 1997 to 2018, which were associated with different risks of developing T2D. A U-shaped association was observed between meat intake and T2D in Chinese adults.
Novel magnetic stoichiometric superconductor EuRbFe4As4
Creators: name: Kim, T. K.
name: Pervakov, K. S.
name: Vlasenko, V. A.
name: Sadakov, A. V.
name: Usoltsev, A. S.
name: Evtushinsky, D. V.
name: Jung, S. W.
name: Poelchen, G.
name: Kummer, K.
name: Roditchev, D.
name: Stolyarov, V. S.
name: Golovchanskiy, I. A.
name: Vyalikh, D. V.
name: Borisov, V.
name: Valenti, R.
name: Ernst, A.
name: Eremeev, S. V.
name: Chulkov, E. V.
name: Pudalov, V. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the novel stoichiometric iron-based material RbEuFe4As4 superconductivity coexists with a peculiar long-range magnetic order of Eu 4f states; their coexistance is puzzling and represents a challenge for both experiment and theory. Using angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy, resonant photoemission spectroscopy, Andreev reflection spectroscopy and scanning tunneling spectroscopy we have addressed this puzzle and unambigously shown that Fe- and Eu-derived states are largely decoupled and that superconducting and a long range magnetic orders exist almost independently from each other.
description: 7 pages, 8 figures, To appear in: Phys.Usp
Disjoint sparsity for signal separation and applications to hybrid inverse problems in medical imaging
Creators: name: Alberti, Giovanni S.
name: Ammari, Habib
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35R30, 65N21, 65T60, 68U10

description: The main focus of this work is the reconstruction of the signals $f$ and $g_{i}$, $i=1,...,N$, from the knowledge of their sums $h_{i}=f+g_{i}$, under the assumption that $f$ and the $g_{i}$'s can be sparsely represented with respect to two different dictionaries $A_{f}$ and $A_{g}$. This generalizes the well-known "morphological component analysis" to a multi-measurement setting. The main result of the paper states that $f$ and the $g_{i}$'s can be uniquely and stably reconstructed by finding sparse representations of $h_{i}$ for every $i$ with respect to the concatenated dictionary $[A_{f},A_{g}]$, provided that enough incoherent measurements $g_{i}$ are available. The incoherence is measured in terms of their mutual disjoint sparsity. This method finds applications in the reconstruction procedures of several hybrid imaging inverse problems, where internal data are measured. These measurements usually consist of the main unknown multiplied by other unknown quantities, and so the disjoint sparsity approach can be directly applied. As an example, we show how to apply the method to the reconstruction in quantitative photoacoustic tomography, also in the case when the Grüneisen parameter, the optical absorption and the diffusion coefficient are all unknown.
description: 33 pages, 6 figures
Rural Economic Development in the 1980's: Preparing for the Future
Creators: name: , Agriculture
name: , Agriculture
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1987
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: Labor and Human Capital
subject: Rural areas
subject: rural economy
subject: rural development
subject: rural population
subject: government programs
subject: public services
subject: rural development policy

description: Structural change in the economy is causing economic stress in rural America, in sharp contrast with the 1970's, when growth and economic vitality were the dominant rural themes. The papers in this volume provide up-to-date information on changes in the structure and performance of the rural economy and on alternative policies to facilitate the adjustment of displaced people and their communities.
description: Contents: Executive Summary--The Rural Development Situation. Chapter 1--Rural Change and the Rural Economic Policy Agenda for the 1980’s, by David L. Brown and Kenneth L. Deavers. Chapter 2--The Role of Rural Workers in the National Economy, by David A. McGranahan. Chapter 3--Performance of the Rural Manufacturing Sector, by Leonard E. Bloomquist. Chapter 4--Performance of the Agricultural Sector, by Donn Reimund and Mindy Petrulis. Chapter 5--The Performance of Natural Resource Industries, by Bruce A. Weber, Emery N. Castle, and Ann L. Shriver. Chapter 6--Prospects for Service Sector Employment Growth in Nonmetro America, by James P. Miller and Herman Bluestone. Chapter 7--Human Resource Base of Rural Economies, by Linda L. Swanson and Margaret A. Butler. Chapter 8--The Economic Performance of Rural Labor Markets, by Molly Sizer Killian and Thomas F. Hady. Chapter 9--Rural Policy Objectives: Defining Problems and Choosing Approaches, by J. Norman Reid and Richard W. Long. Chapter 10--The Impact of Macroeconomic Policies on Rural Employment, by James R. Malley and Thomas F. Hady. Chapter 11--Unanticipated Consequences of Government Programs on Rural Economic Development, by Ted K. Bradshaw and Edward J. Blakely. Chapter 12--Agricultural Programs: Their Contribution to Rural Development and Economic Well-Being, by David H. Harrington. Chapter 13--Public Infrastructure and Economic Development, by William F. Fox. Chapter 14--Financial Aid Programs as a Component of Economic Development Strategy, by Daniel L. Milkove and Patrick J. Sullivan. Chapter 15--Human Resource Policies and Economic Development, by Peggy J. Ross and Stuart A. Rosenfeld. Chapter 16--The Significance of Community Development to Rural Economic Development Initiatives, by Vernon D. Ryan. Chapter 17--Choosing a Rural Policy for the 1980’s and '90's, by Kenneth L. Deavers.
Hardware-basierte Sicherheitskonzepte für Teilnehmerzugangsnetzwerke
Creators: name: Rohrbeck, Jens
Publisher: name: Universität Rostock
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: 621.3 Electrical Engineering, Electronics

description: Primäres Ziel der vorliegenden Arbeit ist es, ein Sicherheitssystem zu konzipieren und prototypisch zu entwickeln, welches durchschnittliche Internet-Nutzer netzwerkseitig schützt, ohne dass deren Eingreifen erforderlich ist. Dabei muss das Sicherheitssystem eine niedrige Latenz aufweisen, damit die QoE bzgl. des Internet-Verhaltens für die Nutzer hoch bleibt. Dieser Fakt wiegt um so schwerer, weil auch in Zukunft die Datenraten weiter steigen werden.
Dreißig Jahre danach: die Einheit Europas
Creators: name: Alting Von Geusau, Frans Alphons Maria
Publisher: name: Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio
Year: 2022

description: Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio, Bd. 7 Nr. 6 (1978): Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio, Band 7, Heft 6
Práticas de governança pública no enfrentamento da resistência antimicrobiana em um hospital de ensino do sistema único de saúde: uma análise documental
Creators: name: da Silva Campos, Tatiana
name: Mouzinho Franco, Érika
name: Peixoto Assompção, Rachel
name: de Castro Melo, Daniela
name: Camargo, Fernanda Carolina
name: Araújo Lima, Danielli
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 420604
subject: Injury prevention
classificationCode: 420699
subject: Public health not elsewhere classified
classificationCode: 420605
subject: Preventative health care

description: Este estudo tem como objetivo identificar práticas de governança pública que apoiam o enfrentamento da resistência antimicrobiana em um hospital de ensino do SUS. É um estudo de caso descritivo/exploratório por análise documental, realizado entre março e abril de 2023 em página eletrônica do Hospital de Clínicas da Universidade Federal do Triângulo Mineiro, hospital de ensino da rede da Empresa Brasileira de Serviços Hospitalares – EBSERH. Os dados foram interpretados por análise de conteúdo temática e posteriormente desenvolvida uma relação entre os documentos encontrados, a abordagem ao tema e às práticas de governança pública neles presentes. Foram levantados 1567 documentos, dos quais 86 apresentaram conteúdo referente ao enfrentamento da resistência antimicrobiana. Na aba governança foi possível identificar a presença de todas as práticas de governança, enquanto na aba Documentos Institucionais houve prevalência de práticas ligadas aos mecanismos de estratégia e controle. Foi possível constatar que o Hospital de Clínicas da Universidade do Triângulo Mineiro utiliza práticas de governança para o enfrentamento da RAM. Suas ações são baseadas, majoritariamente, em estratégias assistenciais para a prevenção e controle de infecções. Pós pandemia, há a necessidade de retomada de políticas públicas para esse enfrentamento e para que sua evolução seja controlada.
Der Heilige Stuhl und die Abrüstung
Creators: name: Schwager, Raymund
Publisher: name: Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio
Year: 2022

description: Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio, Bd. 7 Nr. 6 (1978): Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio, Band 7, Heft 6
In vitro evaluation of the effects of Yucca schidigera and inulin on the fermentation potential of the faecal microbiota of dogs fed diets with low or high protein concentrations
Creators: name: Vierbaum, Luisa
name: Eisenhauer, Laura
name: Vahjen, Wilfried
name: Zentek, Jürgen
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: This in vitro study aimed to evaluate the effects of Yucca schidigera powder (YSP) and inulin (IN) on protein fermentation metabolites (short-chain fatty acids [SCFA] and branched-chain fatty acids, phenolic and indolic compounds, biogenic amines, ammonia and pH) by using faecal inocula from dogs fed either a low (L) or a high (H) protein diet (crude protein 201 or 377 g/kg as fed). Four treatments for each diet were evaluated in an in vitro batch culture system over 24 h: (1) control with no addition of substrates; (2) 4 g YSP/l; (3) 5 g IN/l; (4) 4 g YSP/l in combination with 5 g IN/l of faecal culture of dogs fed Diet L or H. Several changes in fermentation metabolites were analysed. Samples incubated with the faecal inocula of dogs fed Diet L produced higher concentrations of total SCFA, propionate (p = 0.001), acetate (p ≤ 0.001), d-lactate (p = 0.041) and indole (p = 0.003), whereas pH (p = 0.004) was decreased. Supplementation of IN increased the content of putrescine, d- and l-lactate, total SCFA, acetate, propionate, n-butyrate (p ≤ 0.001) and n-valerate (p = 0.003), while i-valerate, indole and pH (p ≤ 0.001) were reduced. Ammonia was lower (p = 0.013) in samples with faecal inocula from dogs fed Diet H and further reduced by the addition of IN (p ≤ 0.001). Samples with faecal inocula from dogs fed Diet L had a fewer quotient of ammonia and total SCFA (p = 0.040). Supplementation of YSP (p = 0.021), IN (p ≤ 0.001) and YSP in combination with IN (p = 0.047) led to a higher reduction of the quotient of ammonia and total SCFA. In conclusion, dietary protein concentration and the supplementation of IN resulted in a stimulation of fermentation while YSP appeared to have only minor effects.
Proceso privatizador, políticas educativas neoliberales y detrimentos de la educación pública en Perú
Creators: name: Canaza-Choque, Franklin Américo
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 130299 Curriculum and Pedagogy not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Educational sciences
subject: 130202 Curriculum and Pedagogy Theory and Development
subject: 139999 Education not elsewhere classified
subject: 130203 Economics, Business and Management Curriculum and Pedagogy
subject: 130303 Education Assessment and Evaluation
subject: 130305 Educational Counselling
subject: 130304 Educational Administration, Management and Leadership
subject: 130205 Humanities and Social Sciences Curriculum and Pedagogy (excl. Economics, Business and Management)
subject: 130311 Pacific Peoples Education
subject: 130213 Vocational Education and Training Curriculum and Pedagogy
subject: 130313 Teacher Education and Professional Development of Educators

description: Desde la década de 1990, el proceso privatizador ha adquirido en Perú un importante protagonismo donde la presión provocada por organismos multilaterales, instituciones internacionales, así como la intervención de fundaciones independientes y una red de empresas implicaron una reducción drástica en las funciones del Estado. En ese reparo, este estudio procura repasar el despliegue del proceso privatizador y de reforma educativa iniciada en 1990 y de la impronta de políticas educativas desprendidas desde entonces y de sus efectos en el terreno de la educación pública. Pues, en la pretensión de buscar una educación de calidad y de la ineficaz respuesta ante la crisis severa de la educación, se dio paso a una reforma neoliberal liderada desde 1991 a 1996 por la promulgación de dispositivos legales que promovieron el despegue de la inversión privada en los años siguientes. De esta manera, predefinido el escenario, 2001 tuvo fuertes procesos de reforma destinados a reestructurar la gestión del sistema educativo con la poderosa intención de reparar la debilitada educación pública y de responder las tendencias de mejora de la calidad, líneas que condujeron al Estado a penetrar en la agenda educativa principios definidos por la Nueva Gestión Pública (NGP).
State-level clustering in PrEP implementation factors among family planning clinics in the Southern United States
Creators: name: Psioda, Matthew A.
name: Sales, Jessica M.
name: McCumber, Micah
name: Sheth, Anandi N.
name: Ramakrishnan, Aditi
name: Enders, Kimberly P.
Publisher: name: Frontiers Media SA
Year: 2023

description: Background: Availability of PrEP-providing clinics is low in the Southern U.S., a region at the center of the U.S. HIV epidemic with significant HIV disparities among minoritized populations, but little is known about state-level differences in PrEP implementation in the region. We explored state-level clustering of organizational constructs relevant to PrEP implementation in family planning (FP) clinics in the Southern U.S. Methods: We surveyed providers and administrators of FP clinics not providing PrEP in 18 Southern states (Feb-Jun 2018, N = 414 respondents from 224 clinics) on these constructs: readiness to implement PrEP, PrEP knowledge/attitudes, implementation climate, leadership engagement, and available resources. We analyzed each construct using linear mixed models. A principal component analysis identified six principal components, which were inputted into a K-means clustering analysis to examine state-level clustering. Results: Three clusters (C1–3) were identified with five, three, and four states, respectively. Canonical variable 1 separated C1 and C2 from C3 and was primarily driven by PrEP readiness, HIV-specific implementation climate, PrEP-specific leadership engagement, PrEP attitudes, PrEP knowledge, and general resource availability. Canonical variable 2 distinguished C2 from C1 and was primarily driven by PrEP-specific resource availability, PrEP attitudes, and general implementation climate. All C3 states had expanded Medicaid, compared to 1 C1 state (none in C2). Conclusion: Constructs relevant for PrEP implementation exhibited state-level clustering, suggesting that tailored strategies could be used by clustered states to improve PrEP provision in FP clinics. Medicaid expansion was a common feature of states within C3, which could explain the similarity of their implementation constructs. The role of Medicaid expansion and state-level policies on PrEP implementation warrants further exploration.
The effect of wavefront aberrations in atom interferometry
Creators: name: Schkolnik, Vladimir
name: Leykauf, Bastian
name: Hauth, Matthias
name: Freier, Christian
name: Peters, Achim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Wavefront aberrations are one of the largest uncertainty factors in present atom interferometers. We present a detailed numerical and experimental analysis of this effect based on measured aberrations from optical windows. By placing windows into the Raman beam path of our atomic gravimeter, we verify for the first time the induced bias in very good agreement with theory. Our method can be used to reduce the uncertainty in atomic gravimeters by one order of magnitude resulting in an error of less than $3\times 10^{-10}\,g$ and it is suitable in a wide variety of atom interferometers with thermal or ultra cold atoms. We discuss the limitations of our method, potential improvements and its role in future generation experiments.
description: Applied Physics B, 2015
Untargeted metabolomics on first trimester serum implicates metabolic perturbations associated with BMI in development of hypertensive disorders: a discovery study
Creators: name: Pan, Ke
name: Sumner, Susan C. J.
name: McRitchie, Susan L.
name: Li, Yuanyuan
name: Harville, Emily W.
Publisher: name: Frontiers Media SA
Year: 2023

description: GoalBody mass index (BMI) in early pregnancy is a critical risk factor for hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP). The pathobiology of the interplay between BMI and HDP is not fully understood and represents the focus of this investigation.MethodsBMI and 1st-trimester serum samples were obtained from the Global Alliance to Prevent Prematurity and Stillbirth repository for 154 women (105 without HDP and 49 with HDP). Metabotyping was conducted using ultra-high-performance liquid-chromatography high-resolution mass spectrometry (UHPLC HR-MS). Multivariable linear regression and logistic models were used to determine metabolites and pathway perturbations associated with BMI in women with and without HDP, and to determine metabolites and pathway perturbations associated with HDP for women in categories of obese, overweight, and normal weight based on the 1st trimester BMI. These outcome-associated signals were identified or annotated by matching against an in-house physical standards library and public database. Pathway analysis was conducted by the Mummichog algorithm in MetaboAnalyst.ResultVitamin D3 and lysine metabolism were enriched to associate with BMI for women with and without HDP. Tryptophan metabolism enrichment was associated with HDP in all the BMI categories. Pregnant women who developed HDP showed more metabolic perturbations with BMI (continuous) than those without HDP in their 1st-trimester serum. The HDP-associated pathways for women with normal weight indicated inflammation and immune responses. In contrast, the HDP-associated pathways for women of overweight and obese BMI indicated metabolic syndromes with disorders in glucose, protein, and amino acid, lipid and bile acid metabolism, and oxidative and inflammatory stress.ConclusionHigh first-trimester BMI indicates underlying metabolic syndromes, which play critical roles in HDP development. Vitamin D3 and tryptophan metabolism may be the targets to guide nutritional interventions to mitigate metabolic and inflammatory stress in pregnancy and reduce the onset of HDP.
Additional file 1:Â  of Batch correction evaluation framework using a-priori gene-gene associations: applied to the GTEx dataset
Creators: name: Somekh, Judith
name: Shen-Orr, Shai
name: Kohane, Isaac
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Analysis of explained variability and performance evaluation of adjustment methods inÂ severalÂ tissues. (DOCX 1334 kb)
Letter from Michael Hamburger to Robin Skelton, February 15, 1966
Creators: name: Hamburger, Michael
Publisher: name: University of Victoria Libraries
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Literature, Modern
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1000172
subject: Hamburger, Michael
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/51878
subject: Critics
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/883769
subject: Authors, English
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/821945
subject: Skelton, Robin
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/51853
subject: Novelists
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1039684
subject: Poets, English
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1067870
subject: Periodical editors
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1058064
subject: Novelists, English
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1039718
subject: Editors
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/902475
subject: Translators
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1154833
subject: Poets
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1067778
subject: Wiccans
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1765210
subject: Scholars
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1106878
subject: Authors
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/821688

description: Part of a collection of letters from poet and German-English translator Michael Hamburger to Robin Skelton. Most of the correspondence discusses work of Hamburger’s that might be included in publications put together by Skelton. In this letter, Hamburger writes about the publication of a Günter Eich play.
Measurement of the speed of sound by observation of the Mach cones in a complex plasma under microgravity conditions
Creators: name: Zhukhovitskii, D. I.
name: Fortov, V. E.
name: Molotkov, V. I.
name: Lipaev, A. M.
name: Naumkin, V. N.
name: Thomas, H. M.
name: Ivlev, A. V.
name: Schwabe, M.
name: Morfill, G. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the first observation of the Mach cones excited by a larger microparticle (projectile) moving through a cloud of smaller microparticles (dust) in a complex plasma with neon as a buffer gas under microgravity conditions. A collective motion of the dust particles occurs as propagation of the contact discontinuity. The corresponding speed of sound was measured by a special method of the Mach cone visualization. The measurement results are incompatible with the theory of ion acoustic waves. The estimate for the pressure in a strongly coupled Coulomb system and a scaling law for the complex plasma make it possible to derive an evaluation for the speed of sound, which is in a reasonable agreement with the experiments in complex plasmas.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures, 1 table
Untrained Graph Neural Networks for Denoising
Creators: name: Rey, Samuel
name: Segarra, Santiago
name: Heckel, Reinhard
name: Marques, Antonio G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: A fundamental problem in signal processing is to denoise a signal. While there are many well-performing methods for denoising signals defined on regular supports, such as images defined on two-dimensional grids of pixels, many important classes of signals are defined over irregular domains such as graphs. This paper introduces two untrained graph neural network architectures for graph signal denoising, provides theoretical guarantees for their denoising capabilities in a simple setup, and numerically validates the theoretical results in more general scenarios. The two architectures differ on how they incorporate the information encoded in the graph, with one relying on graph convolutions and the other employing graph upsampling operators based on hierarchical clustering. Each architecture implements a different prior over the targeted signals. To numerically illustrate the validity of the theoretical results and to compare the performance of the proposed architectures with other denoising alternatives, we present several experimental results with real and synthetic datasets.
Additional file 1 of Intravascular imaging-guided versus angiography-guided percutaneous coronary intervention: a systematic review and bayesian network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Creators: name: Amin, Ahmed Mazen
name: Khlidj, Yehya
name: Abuelazm, Mohamed
name: Sayed, Ahmed
name: Khan, Ubaid
name: Elewidi, Mariam Mahmoud
name: Tanashat, Mohammad
name: Elharti, Hesham
name: Ellabban, Mohamed Hatem
name: Alassiri, Abdullah K.
name: Alsaed, Mohamad
name: Abdelazeem, Basel
name: Kawsara, Akram
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: Space Science
Medicine
Cell Biology
Neuroscience
Biotechnology

description: Supplementary Material 1
Additional file 1: of The knowledge-risk-behaviour continuum among young Ugandans: what it tells us about SRH/HIV integration
Creators: name: Gonzรกlez, Raquel Palomino
name: Damazo Kadengye
name: Mayega, Roy
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Plant Biology
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Translation of this article into French. (PDF 266 kb)
Excess Mortality Among Assisted Living Residents With Dementia During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Creators: name: Carder, P.
name: Cornell, P.Y.
name: Thomas, K.S.
name: Zimmerman, S.
name: Hua, C.L.
Publisher: name: Elsevier Inc.
Year: 2022

description: Objective: To evaluate whether assisted living (AL) residents with Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (ADRD) experienced a greater rate of excess all-cause mortality during the first several months of the COVID-19 pandemic compared to residents without ADRD, and to compare excess all-cause mortality rates in memory care vs general AL among residents with ADRD. Design: Retrospective cohort study. Setting and Participants: Two cohorts of AL residents enrolled in Medicare Fee-For-Service who resided in 9-digit ZIP codes corresponding to US AL communities of ≥25 beds during calendar year 2019 or 2020. Method: By linking Medicare claims and Vital Statistics data, we examined the weekly excess all-cause mortality rate, comparing the rate from March 12, 2020, to December 31, 2020, to the rate from January 1, 2019, to March 11, 2020. We adjusted for demographics, chronic conditions, AL community size, and county fixed effects. Results: Of the 286,350 residents in 2019 and the 273,601 in 2020 identified in these cohorts, approximately 31% had a diagnosis of ADRD. Among all AL residents, the excess weekly mortality rate in 2020 was 49.1 per 100,000 overall during the pandemic. Compared to residents without ADRD, residents with ADRD experienced 33.4 more excess deaths per 100,000 during the pandemic. Among residents with ADRD, those who resided in memory care communities did not experience a statistically significant different mortality rate than residents who lived in general AL. Conclusions and Implications: AL residents with ADRD were more vulnerable to mortality during COVID-19 than residents without ADRD, a finding similar to those reported in other settings such as nursing homes. Additionally, the study provides important new information that residents with ADRD in memory care communities may not have been at differential risk of COVID-19 mortality when compared to residents with ADRD in general AL, despite prior research suggesting they have more advanced dementia.
Crystal Clear: Prevalence of fentanyl in methamphetamine and cocaine samples collected by community-based drug checking services
Creators: name: Nocera, Maryalice
name: Wagner, Karla Dawn
name: Miller, Colin
name: Page, Kimberly
name: Dasgupta, Nabarun
name: Fiuty, Philip
name: Tracy, Erin C.
name: Tarhuni, Lina J.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2023

description: Methods: We quantified prevalence of fentanyl in street methamphetamine and cocaine, stratified by crystalline texture, analyzing samples sent voluntarily to a public mail-in drug checking service (May 2021-June 2023). Samples from 77 harm reduction programs and clinics originated in 25 US states. Sample donors reported expected drug and physical descriptions. Substances were identified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry . Negative binomial models were used to calculate fentanyl prevalence, adjusting for potential confounders related to sample selection. We also examined if xylazine modified donors’ expectations of fentanyl positivity.
description: Results: We analyzed 718 lab-confirmed samples of methamphetamine (64%) and cocaine (36%). The adjusted prevalence of fentanyl was 12.5% (95% CI: 2.2%, 22.9%) in powder methamphetamine and 14.8% (2.3%, 27.2%) in powder cocaine. Crystalline forms of both methamphetamine (𝝌2=57, p<0.001) and cocaine (𝝌2=18, p<0.001) were less likely to contain fentanyl: less than 1% of crystal methamphetamine (2/276) and no crack cocaine (0/53). Heroin was present in 6.6% of powder cocaine samples. Xylazine reduced donors’ ability to detect fentanyl, with correct classification dropping from 92% to 42%.
description: MANUSCRIPT UNDER REVIEW
description: Pre-registration DOI: 10.17605/OSF.IO/QKF57
Data & code DOI: 10.17605/OSF.IO/EV7NW
description: Background: Overdose deaths involving stimulants and opioids simultaneously have raised the specter of widespread contamination of the stimulant supply with fentanyl.
description: Conclusions: Fentanyl was detected primarily in powder forms of methamphetamine and cocaine. Recommended interventions include expanding community-based drug checking, naloxone and fentanyl test strip distribution for stimulant users, and supervised drug consumption sites. New strategies to dampen variability in street drug composition are needed to reduce inadvertent fentanyl exposure.