cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Double resonant Raman scattering and valley coherence generation in monolayer WSe2
Creators: name: Wang, G.
name: Glazov, M. M.
name: Robert, C.
name: Amand, T.
name: Marie, X.
name: Urbaszek, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The electronic states at the direct band gap of monolayer WSe2 at the $K^+$ and $K^-$ valleys are related by time reversal and may be viewed as pseudo-spins. The corresponding optical interband transitions are governed by robust excitons. In double resonant Raman spectroscopy, we uncover that the 2s exciton state energy differs from the 1s state energy by exactly the energy of the combination of several prominent phonons. Superimposed on the exciton photoluminescence (PL) we observe the double resonant Raman signal. This spectrally narrow peak shifts with the excitation laser energy as incoming photons match the 2s and outgoing photons the 1s exciton transition. The multi-phonon resonance has important consequences: Following linearly polarized excitation of the 2s exciton a superposition of valley states is generated which can relax fast via phonon emission and with minimal loss of coherence from the 2s to 1s state. This explains the high degree of valley coherence measured for the 1s exciton PL.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures, supplement
Exploring the origin of the internal rotational barrier for molecules with one rotatable dihedral angle
Creators: name: Govind, Niranjan
name: Liu, Shubin
name: Pedersen, Lee G.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: Continuing our recent endeavor, we systematically investigate in this work the origin of internal rotational barriers for small molecules using the new energy partition scheme proposed recently by one of the authors [S. B. Liu, J. Chem. Phys. 126, 244103 (2007)], where the total electronic energy is decomposed into three independent components, steric, electrostatic, and fermionic quantum. Specifically, we focus in this work on six carbon, nitrogen, and oxygen containing hydrides, CH3CH3, CH3NH2, CH3OH, NH2NH2, NH2OH, and H2O2, with only one rotatable dihedral angle ∠H–X–Y–H (X,Y=C,N,O). The relative contributions of the different energy components to the total energy difference as a function of the internal dihedral rotation will be considered. Both optimized-geometry (adiabatic) and fixed-geometry (vertical) differences are examined, as are the results from the conventional energy partition and natural bond orbital analysis. A wealth of strong linear relationships among the total energy difference and energy component differences for different systems have been observed but no universal relationship applicable to all systems for both cases has been discovered, indicating that even for simple systems such as these, there exists no omnipresent, unique interpretation on the nature and origin of the internal rotation barrier. Different energy components can be employed for different systems in the rationalization of the barrier height. Confirming that the two differences, adiabatic and vertical, are disparate in nature, we find that for the vertical case there is a unique linear relationship applicable to all the six molecules between the total energy difference and the sum of the kinetic and electrostatic energy differences. For the adiabatic case, it is the total potential energy difference that has been found to correlate well with the total energy difference except for ethane whose rotation barrier is dominated by the quantum effect.
Skyrmions in a density wave state: a mechanism for chiral superconductivity
Creators: name: Chakravarty, Sudip
name: Hsu, Chen-Hsuan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Broken symmetry states characterizing density waves of higher angular momentum in correlated electronic systems are intriguing objects. In the scheme of characterization by angular momentum, conventional charge and spin density waves correspond to zero angular momentum. Here we explore a class of exotic density wave states that have topological properties observed in recently discovered topological insulators. These rich topological density wave states deserve closer attention in not only high temperature superconductors but in other correlated electron states, as in heavy fermions, of which an explicit example will be discussed.The state discussed has non-trivial charge $2e$ skyrmionic spin texture. These skyrmions can condense into a charged superfluid. Alternately, they can fractionalize into merons and anti-merons. The fractionalized particles that are confined in skyrmions in the insulating phase, can emerge at a deconfined quantum critical point, which separates the insulating and the superconducting phases. These fractional particles form a two-component spin-singlet chiral $(d_{x^2-y^2}\pm id_{xy})$ wave superconducting state that breaks time reversal symmetry. Possible connections of this exotic order to the superconducting state in the heavy-fermion material URu$_2$Si$_2$ are suggested. The direct evidence of such a chiral superconducting state is polar Kerr effect that was observed recently.
description: 27 pages, 9 figures; In a special issue on skyrmions of IJMPB, ed. M. Rho and I. Zahed
Kinetic models for the coordinated stepping of cytoplasmic dynein
Creators: name: Serohijos, Adrian W.R.
name: Elston, Timothy C.
name: Tsygankov, Denis
name: Dokholyan, Nikolay V.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: To generate processive motion along a polymer track requires that motor proteins couple their ATP hydrolysis cycle with conformational changes in their structural subunits. Numerous experimental and theoretical efforts have been devoted to establishing how this chemomechanical coupling occurs. However, most processive motors function as dimers. Therefore a full understanding of the motor’s performance also requires knowledge of the coordination between the chemomechanical cycles of the two heads. We consider a general two-headed model for cytoplasmic dynein that is built from experimental measurements on the chemomechanical states of monomeric dynein. We explore different possible scenarios of coordination that simultaneously satisfy two main requirements of the dimeric protein: high processivity (long run length) and high motor velocity (fast ATP turnover). To demonstrate the interplay between these requirements and the necessity for coordination, we first develop and analyze a simple mechanical model for the force-induced stepping in the absence of ATP. Next we use a simplified model of dimeric dynein’s chemomechanical cycle to establish the kinetic rules that must be satisfied for the model to be consistent with recent data for the motor’s performance from single molecule experiments. Finally, we use the results of these investigations to develop a full model for dimeric dynein’s chemomechanical cycle and analyze this model to make experimentally testable predictions.
Molecular acidity: A quantitative conceptual density functional theory description
Creators: name: Pedersen, Lee G.
name: Liu, Shubin
name: Schauer, Cynthia K.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: Accurate predictions of molecular acidity using ab initio and density functional approaches are still a daunting task. Using electronic and reactivity properties, one can quantitatively estimate pKa values of acids. In a recent paper [S. B. Liu and L. G. Pedersen, J. Phys. Chem. A 113, 3648 (2009)], we employed the molecular electrostatic potential (MEP) on the nucleus and the sum of valence natural atomic orbital (NAO) energies for the purpose. In this work, we reformulate these relationships on the basis of conceptual density functional theory and compare the results with those from the thermodynamic cycle method. We show that MEP and NAO properties of the dissociating proton of an acid should satisfy the same relationships with experimental pKa data. We employ 27 main groups and first to third row transition metal-water complexes as illustrative examples to numerically verify the validity of these strong linear correlations. Results also show that the accuracy of our approach and that of the conventional method through the thermodynamic cycle are statistically similar.
Comparative Analysis of Dayside Reconnection Models in Global Magnetosphere Simulations
Creators: name: Komar, C. M.
name: Fermo, R. L.
name: Cassak, P. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We test and compare a number of existing models predicting the location of magnetic reconnection at Earth's dayside magnetopause for various solar wind conditions. We employ robust image processing techniques to determine the locations where each model predicts reconnection to occur. The predictions are then compared to the magnetic separators, the magnetic field lines separating different magnetic topologies. The predictions are tested in distinct high-resolution simulations with interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) clock angles ranging from 30 to 165 degrees in global magnetohydrodynamic simulations using the three-dimensional Block-Adaptive Tree Solarwind Roe-type Upwind Scheme (BATS-R-US) code with a uniform resistivity, although the described techniques can be generally applied to any self-consistent magnetosphere code. Additional simulations are carried out to test location model dependence on IMF strength and dipole tilt. We find that most of the models match large portions of the magnetic separators when the IMF has a southward component, with the models saying reconnection occurs where the local reconnection rate and reconnection outflow speed are maximized performing best. When the IMF has a northward component, none of the models tested faithfully map the entire magnetic separator, but the maximum magnetic shear model is the best at mapping the separator in the cusp region where reconnection has been observed. Predictions for some models with northward IMF orientations improve after accounting for plasma flow shear parallel to the reconnecting components of the magnetic fields. Implications for observations are discussed.
description: 15 page, 14 figures, accepted to Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics December 15, 2014, published January 20, 2015
ÉTUDE DES PHÉNOMÈNES CHROMATIQUES DE LYSMATA SETICAUDATA RISSO (CRUSTACÉ DÉCAPODE). I) LIVRÉE CHROMATIQUE ET CYCLE NYCTHÉMÉRAL
Creators: name: CHASSARD-BOUCHAUD, Colette
name: COUTURIER, Yvonne
Publisher: name: Station Biologique de Roscoff (SBR)
Year: 1968

description: The colour-pattern of Lysmata seticaudata involves a large quantity of red pigment distributed in ribbons and divided into two very different chromatophore types: size, density, diplay and pigment movements give them opposite characters. When type I is expanded by day and concentrated by night, type II exhibits synchronously the reverse. These opposite characters are shown during the daily rhythm where the colour-pattern yields longitudinal stripes by day and transversal ones by night. A peculiar behaviour according to intermoult cycle stage and sex, well known in Natantia, is widely confirmed in L. seticaudata.
Myeloid AMPK in Atherosclerosis: Therapeutic Potential and Associated Mechanisms
Creators: name: LeBlond, Nicholas
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2020
Subjects: Cholesterol
Macrophage
AMP-activated protein kinase
Myeloid
Metabolism
Macrophage biology

description: Atherosclerosis propagates when innate immune cells, myeloid-derived macrophages, undergo unregulated uptake of cholesterol-rich modified low-density lipoproteins (LDL). Excess storage and retention of this cholesterol leads to development of lipid-laden macrophage foam cells, that accumulate within the intima of arteries as developing plaque. Formation of atherosclerotic lesions reduces blood flow and can further lead to more serious complications such as myocardial infarction, stroke, and cardiovascular disease. AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), a master regulator of cellular energetics, has been shown to participate in many anti-atherogenic pathways within myeloid cells such as (but not limited to) the inhibition of cholesterol synthesis and stimulation of reverse cholesterol transport. However, a recent report described a pro-atherogenic role for myeloid AMPK, showing it is expression required for myeloid cell recruitment and longevity within the atherosclerotic microenvironment. Despite this, multiple reports all corroborate describing a protective role for systemic pharmacological AMPK activation. We sought to determine the consequence of modified LDL variants in myeloid AMPK signaling and to further clarify the role of myeloid AMPK signaling within atherosclerosis. In cultured macrophages primed with modified LDL variants underwent AMPK activation, which was also associated with increased markers of autophagy. In an in vivo model of intermediate atherosclerosis, we observed that neither myeloid AMPK expression nor systemic AMPK-activating therapy influenced lesion myeloid content, necrosis, or autophagic markers. Furthermore, despite a suggestive trend, both myeloid AMPK and AMPK-therapy did not significantly influence lesion size in male or female mice. Interestingly, we found that in animals lacking AMPK signaling to only one substrate, HMGCR (the rate limiting enzyme in cholesterol synthesis), knock-in mice developed accelerated atherosclerosis when compared to their wild-type littermate. Furthermore, we determined that AMPK signaling to HMGCR in the hematopoietic compartment alone is enough to protect against atherogenesis. Taken together, these studies show the benefit of interrogating specific AMPK-regulated pathways in the context of atherosclerosis, and sheds light on the benefit of utilization of single point mutation knock-in models opposed to global or cell type-specific knockout models for investigations into AMPK within atherosclerosis.
CONTRIBUTION A LA CONNAISSANCE DE LA FAUNE DES SPONGIAIRES DE LA MANCHE OCCIDENTALE. DÉMOSPONGES DE LA RÉGION DE ROSCOFF
Creators: name: CABIOCH, Louis
Publisher: name: Station Biologique de Roscoff (SBR)
Year: 1968

description: The systematical dredging in the neighbourhood of Roscoff has permitted to add 40 species to the list of the Desmosponges of the region. Nine of these species are new and three of them belong to new genera.
(3794) James Alexander
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Der Beitrag der Prävention zur Gesundheit im Alter - Perspektiven für die Erwachsenenbildung
Creators: name: Kruse, Andreas
Publisher: name: bildungsforschung
Year: 2010

description: Nach einer multidisziplinären Definition des Alterns wird der zentrale Beitrag der Bildung zur Prävention aufgezeigt. Das von der WHO entwickelte Gesundheitsmodell – welches die Aktivität des Menschen akzentuiert – dient als Grundlage für die Ableitung von Anforderungen an die Prävention für das Alter und im Alter. Diese Anforderungen werden in einem weiteren Kapitel spezifiziert und empirisch fundiert. Abschließend wird das Modell der Morbiditätskompression erläutert, welches die über den gesamten Lebenslauf bestehenden Präventionspotenziale in den Vordergrund rückt.
description: bildungsforschung, Bd. 2 (2006): Bildung Älterer
STUDIES ON BRYOZOA (POLYZOA) OF THE BAY OF FUNDY REGION. II.- BRYOZOA FROM FIFTY FATHOMS, BAY OF FUNDY
Creators: name: POWELL, N.A.
Publisher: name: Station Biologique de Roscoff (SBR)
Year: 1968

description: Thirty-eight species and one variety of Bryozoa are reported here associated with the scallop beds (Placopecten magellanicus) at a depth of 50-55 fathoms in the Bay of Fundy, eastern Canada. One species, viz. Amphibiestrumosburni is described as new. Bryozoans were found to be particularly abundant encrusting the internal surfaces of scallop valves, many of which had been disarticulated and returned to the sea-floor during commercial fishing operations. Several species which occur on rocks and stones in the intertidal zone (see part one of these studies) were not found in deeper water. Existing evidence suggests that the northern area of the Gulf of Maine comprises a natural southern boundary for several predominately arctic species.
Why do brittle stars emit light? Behavioural and evolutionary approaches of bioluminescence
Creators: name: JONES, Alice
name: MALLEFET, Jérôme
Publisher: name: Station Biologique de Roscoff (SBR)
Year: 2013

description: In this study, we investigated the functions of bioluminescence (the production of light by living organisms) in five brittle star species. Bioluminescence is a widespread phenomenon in the marine environment, and is especially abundant in the class Ophiuroidea. It is assumed that light in marine invertebrates mainly plays a role of defense against predation, and many mechanisms of defense have been proposed for brittle stars. We investigated the potential functions of startle effect (use of light to deter predator), use of light to advertise a predator that the prey is toxic (aposematic signal) and attraction of a secondary predator (function usually called "burglar-alarm effect"). Predatory experiments, involving one or two predators from different trophic levels allowed us determining benefits of the light emission for several brittle star species. We clearly demonstrated that the three functions cited behind are used in brittle stars. It is clear now that brittle stars use a wide variety of defensive mechanisms involving light.
Allocation of Heterogeneous Resources of an IoT Device to Flexible Services
Creators: name: Angelakis, Vangelis
name: Avgouleas, Ioannis
name: Pappas, Nikolaos
name: Fitzgerald, Emma
name: Yuan, Di
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Internet of Things (IoT) devices can be equipped with multiple heterogeneous network interfaces. An overwhelmingly large amount of services may demand some or all of these interfaces' available resources. Herein, we present a precise mathematical formulation of assigning services to interfaces with heterogeneous resources in one or more rounds. For reasonable instance sizes, the presented formulation produces optimal solutions for this computationally hard problem. We prove the NP-Completeness of the problem and develop two algorithms to approximate the optimal solution for big instance sizes. The first algorithm allocates the most demanding service requirements first, considering the average cost of interfaces resources. The second one calculates the demanding resource shares and allocates the most demanding of them first by choosing randomly among equally demanding shares. Finally, we provide simulation results giving insight into services splitting over different interfaces for both cases.
description: IEEE Internet of Things Journal
Lebenslanges Lernen (auch) im Alter? - Selbstgesteuertes Lernen, Medienkompetenz und Zugang zu Informations- und Kommunikationstechnologien älterer Erwachsener im Kontext wissenschaftlicher Weiterbildung
Creators: name: Malwitz-Schütte, Magdalena
Publisher: name: bildungsforschung
Year: 2010

description: In diesem Beitrag werden zunächst einige wichtige Altersbegriffe und Altersklassifikationen definiert, ein Zusammenhang zwischen kognitiver Leistungsfähigkeit und dem Einfluß des Alters hergestellt und im Kontext wissenschaftlicher Weiterbildung diskutiert: „Wie weit verändern sich (ältere) Erwachsene (noch), wie weit sind sie (noch) lernfähig?“ Bildungsprozesse und lebenslanges Lernen werden als nicht allein auf den Erwerb von Qualifikationen gerichtet beschrieben, sondern als lebensbegleitende Aufgaben. Zuerst theoretisch werden Lebenslanges Lernen, selbstorganisiertes Lernen älterer Erwachsener und ihr Zugang zu Informations- und Kommunikationstechnologien (Stichwort Medienkompetenz) miteinander verbunden und dann praktisch am Beispiel eines weiterbildenden Studienprogramms für ältere Erwachsene in medienorientierten Lernumgebungen mit selbstgesteuerten/ selbstorganisierten Lernprozessen vorgestellt und beschrieben.
description: bildungsforschung, Bd. 2 (2006): Bildung Älterer
Weiterbildungsverhalten und -interessen älterer Arbeitnehmer
Creators: name: Schmidt, Bernhard
Publisher: name: bildungsforschung
Year: 2010

description: In diesem Artikel werden Ergebnisse aus einer Sekundäranalyse des Berichtssystems Weiterbildung zu Weiterbildungsverhalten und -interessen Älterer präsentiert. Die Untersuchungsergebnisse belegen den Einfluss von Einkommen, Schulbildung, Geschlecht auf Weiterbildungsverhalten und erklären auch die Heterogentität innerhalb der Gruppe der Älteren hinsichtlich deren Erwartungen und Barrieren hinsichtlich Weiterbildung. Für die Älteren Arbeitnehmer scheinen andere Ziele beruflicher Weiterbildung stärker ins Zentrum zu rücken, als deren berufliche Verwertbarkeit, nicht zuletzt auch vor dem Hintergrund einer gewissen Resignation Älterer gegenüber den Chancenstrukturen des Arbeitsmarkts.
description: bildungsforschung, Bd. 2 (2006): Bildung Älterer
Evidence for three subtypes of repetitive behavior in autism that differ in familiality and association with other symptoms
Creators: name: Bodfish, James W.
name: Piven, Joseph
name: Lam, Kristen S.L.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: Restricted repetitive behaviors (RRBs) are a core feature of autism and consist of a variety of behaviors, ranging from motor stereotypies to complex circumscribed interests. The objective of the current study was to examine the structure of RRBs in autism using relevant items from the Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised in a sample of 316 individuals with autistic disorder.
Lern- und Bildungsprozesse älterer Menschen im Internet: eine qualitativ-empirische Analyse
Creators: name: Projektgruppe, Bildung Im Internet
name: Nohl, Arnd-Michael
Publisher: name: bildungsforschung
Year: 2010

description: In den letzten Jahren ist der Cyberspace durch ältere Menschen erobert worden. Basierend auf der dokumentarischen Interpretation von neun narrativen Interviews wird in diesem Artikel untersucht, wie Senioren und Seniorinnen Zugang zu Computer sowie Internet finden und wie sie deren Techniken erlernen. In den Lebensgeschichten dieser älteren Menschen lassen sich dabei instrumentalistische Haltungen gegenüber dem Internet empirisch von solchen Bildungsprozessen unterscheiden, in denen sich Lebensorientierungen transformieren.
description: bildungsforschung, Bd. 2 (2006): Bildung Älterer
Longitudinal dimensionality of adolescent psychopathology: Testing the differentiation hypothesis
Creators: name: Copeland, William
name: Egger, Helen L.
name: Angold, Adrian
name: Erkanli, Alaattin
name: Sterba, Sonya K.
name: Jane Costello, E.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: The differentiation hypothesis posits that the underlying liability distribution for psychopathology is of low dimensionality in young children, inflating diagnostic comorbidity rates, but increases in dimensionality with age. This hypothesis not been adequately tested with longitudinal psychiatric symptom data.
Nutrient physiology of seaweeds: Application of concepts to aquaculture
Creators: name: HARRISON, Paul J.
name: HURD, Catriona L.
Publisher: name: Station Biologique de Roscoff (SBR)
Year: 2001

description: Nutrients and light are key environmental factors that can determine biomass yield and productivity of an
 aquaculture system. Light is mainly controlled by the choice of the aquacultural site. Nutrients are controlled on the site and
 nutrient manipulations can control biomass yield, productivity, epiphytes and the amount of certain products formed.
 Carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus are the main three nutrient elements added to large scale aquaculture systems. This review
 focuses mainly on nitrogen and the nitrogen physiology of seaweeds. Important concepts such as nutrient uptake,
 assimilation, storage, response to nutrient additions, nutrient ratios, and critical tissue nitrogen levels are discussed in terms
 of their application to aquaculture.
 For a particular species grown in an aquaculture system, it is important to know the C:N:P ratio of the seaweed under
 nutrient saturating conditions. This information will make the delivery of C, N, and P more economical. Nutrient uptake rates
 vary considerably with various physical, chemical and biological factors. In particular, light and temperature influence
 nutrient uptake rates, but we require further research to fully understand their effects. Nitrate uptake by some seaweeds is
 light dependent (i.e. diel periodicity), while ammonium uptake may be less dependent on light. Growth rates on different
 nitrogen sources (NO3-, NH4+, urea or combinations of these) should be tested. A wide variety of biological factors such as
 interplant variability, nutritional history, type of tissue, life history stages/age, surface area:volume ratio of the thallus and
 morphological changes such as the production of hairs may influence nutrient uptake rates.
 Some seaweeds show three phases of uptake of the limiting nutrient (especially NH4+) when it is added to N-limited
 seaweeds. The "surge" uptake rate is greater than the growth rate and hence the seaweed can overcome its nitrogen
 deficiency. This "surge" uptake may be used to advantage in adding pulsed NH4+ additions a
The Effects of Including a Callous Unemotional Specifier for the Diagnosis of Conduct Disorder
Creators: name: Frick, Paul J.
name: Youngstrom, Jennifer Kogos
name: Kahn, Rachel E.
name: Findling, Robert L.
name: Youngstrom, Eric
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: “With Significant Callous-Unemotional Traits” has been proposed as a specifier for Conduct Disorder (CD) in the upcoming revision of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5). The impact of this specifier on children diagnosed with CD should be considered.
Ecological and biochemical aspects in algal infectious diseases
Creators: name: BOUARAB, Kamal
name: KLOAREG, Bernard
name: POTIN, Philippe
name: CORREA, Juan A.
Publisher: name: Station Biologique de Roscoff (SBR)
Year: 2001

description: Infectious diseases in algae are caused by a wide variety of organisms, from virus to other algae. In recent years,
 important advances in understanding some of these diseases from ecological, cellular and biochemical view points have been
 done.  In an ecological context, epidemiological studies are very limited and restricted to red algal hosts. Those studies show
 that infections appear to affect large segments of host populations, and the expression of some diseases is clearly aggregated,
 with consistent patterns of seasonal fluctuation. This, together with host specificity trials and transplant experiments, strongly
 suggests a genetic base as determinant of host susceptibility and disease expression.
 In a biochemical context, the highly specific association established between the sporophytic phase of the red algal host
 Chondrus crispus and its green algal endophytic pathogen Acrochaete operculata provides an excellent model to investigate
 the biochemical basis of recognition and signal transduction which determines host susceptibility, specificity and
 pathogenicity. Our results emphasize the role of oligosaccharide signals in modulating resistance against pathogens in marine
 algae. These results are discussed in the light of recent reports of an oligoalginate-induced oxidative burst in the brown algal
 kelp Laminaria digitata and of oligoagarose-induced responses in the association between Gracilaria conferta and a
 pathogenic marine bacterium.
Die ältere Generation als Mentorengeneration - Intergenerationelles Lernen und intergenerationelles Engagement
Creators: name: Franz, Julia
Publisher: name: bildungsforschung
Year: 2010

description: Der Beitrag setzt sich mit der Differenz von intergenerationellem Lernen und intergenerationellem Engagement auseinander. Vor dem Hintergrund des demografischen Wandels werden Lernen und Engagement im intergenerationellen Kontext reflektiert und anschließend differenziert. Während es bei Projekten intergenerationellen Lernens um die Ermöglichung eines allgemeinen Dialogs der Generationen geht, steht bei intergenerationellem Engagement häufig die Debatte um ungenutzte Potentiale der Älteren im Vordergrund.
description: bildungsforschung, Bd. 2 (2006): Bildung Älterer
A multi-wavelength exploration of the [CII]/IR ratio in H-ATLAS/GAMA galaxies out to z=0.2
Creators: name: Ibar, E.
name: Lara-López, M. A.
name: Herrera-Camus, R.
name: Hopwood, R.
name: Bauer, A.
name: Ivison, R. J.
name: Michałowski, M. J.
name: Dannerbauer, H.
name: van der Werf, P.
name: Riechers, D.
name: Bourne, N.
name: Baes, M.
name: Valtchanov, I.
name: Dunne, L.
name: Verma, A.
name: Brough, S.
name: Cooray, A.
name: De Zotti, G.
name: Dye, S.
name: Eales, S.
name: Furlanetto, C.
name: Maddox, S.
name: Smith, M.
name: Steele, O.
name: Thomas, D.
name: Valiante, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore the behaviour of [CII]-157.74um forbidden fine-structure line observed in a sample of 28 galaxies selected from ~50deg^2 of the H-ATLAS survey. The sample is restricted to galaxies with flux densities higher than S_160um>150mJy and optical spectra from the GAMA survey at 0.022.5x10^-3 with respect to those showing lower ratios. In particular, those with high ratios tend to have: (1) L_IR<10^11Lo; (2) cold dust temperatures, T_d<30K; (3) disk-like morphologies in r-band images; (4) a WISE colour 0.5) is main parameter responsible for controlling the [CII]/IR ratio. It is possible that relatively high creates a positively charged dust grain distribution, impeding an efficient photo-electric extraction of electrons from these grains to then collisionally excite carbon atoms. Within the brighter IR population, 11
description: 16 pages, 10 figures, 3 tables
Quantification of carinar process plate orientation in camarodont sea urchin teeth
Creators: name: STOCK, Stuart R.
name: XIAO, Xianghui
name: STOCK, Sebastian R.
name: ZIEGLER, Alexander
Publisher: name: Station Biologique de Roscoff (SBR)
Year: 2013

description: Most sea urchins (Echinodermata: Echinoidea) possess a feeding apparatus complete with five teeth. Sea urchin teeth are highly complex, three-dimensional (3D), calcite structures consisting of needle-prisms and plates (primary, secondary, as well as carinar process plates in some taxa). The 3D structure of tooth plates is of interest both from a phylogenic as well as a biomechanical point of view. Synchrotron microComputed Tomography was used to quantify carinar process plate morphology in teeth of two camarodonts (Echinoidea: Camarodonta), Gracilechinus affinis (Mortensen, 1903) (Echinidae) and Toxopneustes roseus (Agassiz, 1863) (Toxopneustidae). A third species, Temnopleurus toreumaticus (Leske, 1778) (Temnopleuridae) was investigated qualitatively. Imaging focused on the tooth shaft, just adoral of where the keel first reaches its maximum extent. Carinar process plates curve significantly, and this curvature may prevent shear between adjacent plates. Therefore, the type and amount of nonplanarity in carinar process plates were investigated numerically. The 3D coordinates of the center of each plate were measured for a matrix of positions spanning the plate, and these coordinates were used to calculate the local angles the plates make with respect to the slice plane. The distribution of carinar process plate angles is reported along with the mean and the ranges of angles for the two camarodont species. The report concludes with a discussion of application of this quantitative approach to carinar process plates of other taxa as well as other tooth structures such as prisms.
(3790) Jessie C B Alexander
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
The 21-cm BAO signature of enriched low-mass galaxies during cosmic reionization
Creators: name: Cohen, Aviad
name: Fialkov, Anastasia
name: Barkana, Rennan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Studies of the formation of the first stars have established that they formed in small halos of $\sim 10^5 - 10^6 M_{\odot}$ via molecular hydrogen cooling. Since a low level of ultraviolet radiation from stars suffices to dissociate molecular hydrogen, under the usually-assumed scenario this primordial mode of star formation ended by redshift $z \sim 15$ and much more massive halos came to dominate star formation. However, metal enrichment from the first stars may have allowed the smaller halos to continue to form stars. In this Letter we explore the possible effect of star formation in metal-rich low-mass halos on the redshifted 21-cm signal of neutral hydrogen from $z = 6-40$. These halos are significantly affected by the supersonic streaming velocity, with its characteristic baryon acoustic oscillation (BAO) signature. Thus, enrichment of low-mass galaxies can produce a strong signature in the 21-cm power spectrum over a wide range of redshifts, especially if star formation in the small halos was more efficient than suggested by current simulations. We show that upcoming radio telescopes can easily distinguish among various possible scenarios.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS, 6 pages, 2 figures
(3791) Jane F Alexander
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Das Deutschlernen bei älteren Spätaussiedlern als Teilnehmer von Sprachkursen
Creators: name: Heinze, Andrea
name: Schön, Martin
name: Schaffert, Sandra
Publisher: name: bildungsforschung
Year: 2010

description: Der Beitrag beschäftigt sich mit dem Erwerb von Deutsch als Zweitsprache bei Spätaussiedlern zwischen 50 und 65 Jahren als Teilnehmer von Deutsch- bzw. Integrationskursen. Dazu werden einige Forschungsergebnisse vorgestellt, gesetzliche Regelungen und Praxis der Integrationskurse beschrieben und eigene empirische Daten vorgelegt: Portraits von älteren Teilnehmern und deren subjektive Annahmen, ein Interview mit einer Deutschlehrerin über Besonderheiten der älteren Teilnehmer, sowie Analysen der Daten von Kursteilnehmer der letzten Jahre. Im Ergebnis erscheint die Berücksichtigung des Merkmals „Alter“, insbesondere im Vergleich mit dem Bildungsniveau und der Motivation, für die Praxis der Integrationskurse als unbedeutend.
description: bildungsforschung, Bd. 2 (2006): Bildung Älterer
Qualifizierung älterer Arbeitsloser - Besonderheiten, Strategien, Umsetzungsbeispiele aus dem Pakt50 für Nürnberg [Praxisbericht]
Creators: name: Freiling, Thomas
name: Hammer, Veronika
Publisher: name: bildungsforschung
Year: 2010

description: Bei Unternehmen ist das Thema "ältere Mitarbeiter und Mitarbeiterinnen" wenig präsent, so dass diese auf eine alternde Belegschaft bisher kaum vorbereitet sind. Die Einbindung Älterer, auch älterer Arbeitsloser, in den betrieblichen Alltag eröffnet neue Wege der Personalrekrutierung. Der Aufsatz konzentriert sich auf die Darstellung der Besonderheiten bei der Qualifizierung Älterer und nennt Umsetzungsbeispiele zur Integration Älterer in Beschäftigung.
description: bildungsforschung, Bd. 2 (2006): Bildung Älterer
Longitudinal patterns of repetitive behavior in toddlers with autism
Creators: name: Schultz, Robert T.
name: Estes, Annette M.
name: Hazlett, Heather C.
name: Dager, Stephen R.
name: Elison, Jed T.
name: Pandey, Juhi
name: Piven, Joseph
name: Gu, Hongbin
name: Wolff, Jason J.
name: Botteron, Kelly N.
name: Paterson, Sarah J.
name: Zwaigenbaum, Lonnie
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: Recent evidence suggests that restricted and repetitive behaviors may differentiate children who develop autism spectrum disorder (ASD) by late infancy. How these core symptoms manifest early in life, particularly among infants at high-risk for the disorder, is not well characterized.
Erfahrungsbasierte Qualifizierung. Die Förderung selbstgesteuerter Lernprozesse älterer Beschäftigter [Praxisbericht]
Creators: name: Hörwick, Eva
name: Bender, Walter
Publisher: name: bildungsforschung
Year: 2010

description: Betriebe fordern zunehmende Selbstverantwortung des Personals, wofür die Erfahrung älterer Beschäftigter positive Anknüpfungs­punkte bietet. Mitarbeiter müssen jedoch lernen, Spielräume produk­tiv zu gestalten. Lernformen, die (gerade auch) für Ältere geeignet sind, aktivieren die Erfahrung der Teilnehmer. Im Lernarrangement „EQUA – erfah­rungsbasierte Qualifizierung“, das der neuen Lernkultur zuzurechnen ist, entsprechen arbeitsplatznahe Themen dem „Sinnanspruch“ älte­rer Lerner. Das Zutrauen der Vorgesetzten ist entscheidend für den nachhaltigen Erfolg der Kompetenzerweiterung.
description: bildungsforschung, Bd. 2 (2006): Bildung Älterer
(3792) Lora Duff Alexander
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Greater fear reactivity and psychophysiological hyperactivity among infants with later conduct problems and callous-unemotional traits
Creators: name: Blair, Clancy
name: Granger, Douglas A.
name: Willoughby, Michael T.
name: Stifter, Cynthia
name: Wagner, Nicholas J.
name: Mills-Koonce, William R.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: Approximately one-third of children who meet criteria for conduct problems (CP) are also characterized by elevated callous-unemotional (CU) traits. This subgroup is at elevated risk for more pervasive and extreme levels of later antisocial behavior and has been characterized by a fearlessness temperament and blunted stress psychophysiology at older ages. The objective of this study is to examine group differences in fear reactivity and stress psychophysiology in infancy among children classified as having CP with CU (CP+CU), CP without CU (CP-only), or no CP in later childhood.
Dietary effect of the red alga Porphyra yezoensis on growth of Strongylocentrotus intermedius (Echinoidea: Echinodermata) and Haliotis discus hannai (Gastropoda: Mollusca) juveniles
Creators: name: INOMATA, Eri
name: MATSUI, Toshiyuki
name: AGATSUMA, Yukio
Publisher: name: Station Biologique de Roscoff (SBR)
Year: 2013

description: The red alga Porphyra yezoensis, which is cultivated in Japan, contains a high concentration of protein. This study examined the dietary effects of P. yezoensis versus the kelps Saccharina japonica and Saccharina ochotensis on the growth of juvenile sea urchins (Strongylocentrotus intermedius) and abalones (Haliotis discus hannai). Urchins fed P. yezoensis had significantly higher food conversion efficiency (42.0%) and digestibility (94.9%) compared to urchins fed S. japonica. For abalone, the conversion efficiency of P. yezoensis was 14.0%. No significant differences in growth rates were detected between the urchins and abalones fed P. yezoensis and kelp. These results suggest that the high concentration of protein in P. yezoensis contributed to the high food conversion efficiencies of juvenile sea urchins and abalones and the high digestibility found in sea urchins. However, it is likely that the thin thalli of P. yezoensis made them difficult to graze efficiently. If this alga is consolidated, it would resolve these problems
TOF spectroscopy measurement using waveform digitizer
Creators: name: Liu, Longxiang
name: Wang, Hongwei
name: Ma, Yugang
name: Cao, Xiguang
name: Cai, Xiangzhou
name: Chen, Jingen
name: Zhang, Guilin
name: Han, Jianlong
name: Zhang, Guogiang
name: Hu, Jifeng
name: Wang, Xiaohe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The photoneutron source (PNS, phase 1), an electron linear accelerator (linac)-based pulsed neutron facility that uses the time-of-flight (TOF) technique, was constructed for the acquisition of nuclear data from the thorium molten salt reactor(TMSR) at the Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics (SINAP). The neutron detector signal, with the information on the pulse arrival time, pulse shape, and pulse height, was recorded by using a waveform digitizer (WFD). By using the pulse height and pulse-shape discrimination (PSD) analysis to identify neutrons and $γ$-rays, the neutron TOF spectrum was obtained by employing a simple electronic design, and a new WFD-based DAQ system was developed and tested in this commissioning experiment. The developed DAQ system is characterized by a very high efficiency with respect to millisecond neutron TOF spectroscopy
description: 5 pages, 7 figures
DISTINCTION DE DEUX MACTRIDAE DES CÔTES ATLANTIQUES EUROPÉENNES : SPISULA SOUDA (LINNÉ) ET SPISULA OVALIS (SOWERBY)
Creators: name: GLÉMAREC, Michel
Publisher: name: Station Biologique de Roscoff (SBR)
Year: 1968

description: The author has collected on the continental plateau of the northern Gascogne richpopulationsofSpisula ovalis.liehasrestablishedthisforgottenspecies, which had been described for the english pliocene. Supported by morphological and ecological caracters he separates the species from Spisula solida,with which it had often been confounded until known. The varieties constricta and truncata have to be attached respectively to the species ovalis and solida. These four european forms belong to the same S. solida group.
Qualitative Forschung auf dem Wiki Way
Creators: name: Rohs, Matthias
Publisher: name: bildungsforschung
Year: 2010

description: Mit dem Siegeszug von Wikipedia finden Wikis immer mehr Verbreitung. Auch im wissenschaftlichen Kontext werden sie vom Projektmanagement bis hin zur Ideensammlung eine breite Anwendung. Im folgenden Beitrag wird der Einsatz eines Wikis zur Unterstützung kooperativer, qualitativer Forschungsarbeit beschrieben. Dabei zeigte sich, dass Wikis eine sinnvolle Ergänzung für vorhandene Software zur qualitativen Datenanalyse darstellen können.
description: bildungsforschung, Bd. 2 (2007): Technologie verändert die Bildungsforschung
Antihypertensive Medication Non-Adherence in Black Men: Direct and Mediating Effects of Depressive Symptoms, Psychosocial Stressors and Substance Use
Creators: name: Levine, David
name: Dennison, Cheryl R.
name: Powell Hammond, Wizdom
name: Cené, Crystal W.
name: Hill, Martha N.
name: Bone, Lee R.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: Black men suffer disproportionately from hypertension (HTN). Antihypertensive medication non-adherence is a major contributor to poor blood pressure control, yet few studies consider how psychosocial functioning may impact Black men’s medication adherence. We examined direct and mediating pathways between depressive symptoms, psychosocial stressors, and substance use on antihypertensive medication non-adherence in 196 Black men enrolled in a clinical trial to improve HTN care and control. We found that greater depressive symptoms was associated with more medication non-adherence (β= 0.05, SE 0.01; p<.001). None of the psychosocial stressor variables were associated with antihypertensive medication non-adherence. Alcohol misuse was associated with more medication non-adherence (β=0.81, SE 0.26; p<.01), but it did not mediate the association between depressive symptoms and medication non-adherence. Clinicians should consider screening for depressive symptoms and alcohol misuse if patients are found to be non-adherent and should treat or refer patients to appropriate resources to address those issues.
Enhancing quantum transport in a photonic network using controllable decoherence
Creators: name: Biggerstaff, Devon N.
name: Heilmann, René
name: Zecevik, Aidan A.
name: Gräfe, Markus
name: Broome, Matthew A.
name: Fedrizzi, Alessandro
name: Nolte, Stefan
name: Szameit, Alexander
name: White, Andrew G.
name: Kassal, Ivan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Transport phenomena on a quantum scale appear in a variety of systems, ranging from photosynthetic complexes to engineered quantum devices. It has been predicted that the efficiency of quantum transport can be enhanced through dynamic interaction between the system and a noisy environment. We report the first experimental demonstration of such environment-assisted quantum transport, using an engineered network of laser-written waveguides, with relative energies and inter-waveguide couplings tailored to yield the desired Hamiltonian. Controllable decoherence is simulated via broadening the bandwidth of the input illumination, yielding a significant increase in transport efficiency relative to the narrowband case. We show integrated optics to be suitable for simulating specific target Hamiltonians as well as open quantum systems with controllable loss and decoherence.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures