cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Sideffective - system to mine patient reviews
Creators: name: Yalamanchi, Deepak
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2011

description: Sideffective is the system to crawl, rank and analyze patient testimonials about side ffeects from common medications. Since the wealth of any mining model is the Data corpus, the data collection phase involved extensive crawling of massive medical websites comprised of user forums from the internet. Subsequently, the raw files were subjected to certain site-specific parsing routines, yielding outputs conforming to a well-defined data model. Currently, the system holds close to 400,000 user testimonials pertaining to more than 2500 drugs/medicines. Sideffective aims at gathering and aggregating this wealth of information, build useful associations and present interesting observations and numeric validations, all in a user-friendly interface. The important issues that we have tried to tackle are: Extracting side effects without relying on pre-built lists, aggregating distribution of different side effect for a give drug, site-specific search, ranking and determining the negativity of reviews. The system has been jointly built by Deepak Yalamanchi and Sangeetha Rajagopalan under the guidance of Prof. Tomasz Imielinski.    This thesis focuses mainly on Sentiment Analysis of patient reviews. While most existing sentiment analysis systems are predicated by POS (parts of speech) tagging or Bayesian sentiment analysis methods, the same cannot be applied to medical reviews as they generally carry a negative flavor in them. We thereby approached the problem by identifying the features in the sentence and calibrating the sentiment on a Negativity Meter based on their relation to sentiment words. A feature, as defined for the purpose of this thesis, can be a medicine, a side effect or a symptom. The sentiment of each feature is determined by the aggregate of all its polarities with respect to each sentiment word, where the polarity is determined by an inverse relation to the distance of the feature from the sentiment word. Each sentence is then evaluated by the cumulative polarity of all the features contained in it. Sentiment of a review is determined by individually determining the sentiment of each sentence and then getting a weighted sum score of all the sentences in the review.    The accuracy of a sentiment analysis system is, in principle, how well it agrees with human judgments. Experimental results, involving human reviewers (extracted from site: www.askapatient.com) and correlating them back to the negativity rating of each review yield conclusive results, demonstrating the effectiveness of the technique. We have also implemented a customized Lucene search on the data using a multi-review summarization approach and a ranking scheme based on the feature-list. Ranking priority is given to the review that has the largest feature list size.
Facial expression recognition and expression intensity estimation
Creators: name: Yang, Peng
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2011

description: Seventy years ago, psychologist categorized the facial expression into seven categories:  angry, disgust, fear, happiness, sadness, surprise and neutral.  Through analyzing the expression, psychologists want to predict the emotions behind the expression.  Due to all kinds of potential applications on human emotion analysis, automatical analysis of human  affective expressions has attracted increasing attention from researchers in psychology, computer  science, linguistics, neuroscience, and related disciplines. Researchers have done lots of works on  this topic in the past thirty years, and proposed lots of promising approaches. Although many works  have been done on this topic, these existing methods typically handle deliberately displayed and  exaggerated expression of prototypical emotions. There are still some hard problems not solved well  for the real system to handle naturally occurring emotions such as exploring discriminative features,  time wrapping, and expression intensity estimation. Our work focuses on these real problems, analyzes the challenges in the real system and proposes the sounded solutions for advancing human affect sensing technology.
DEVELOPMENT AND CHALLENGES OF COMMERCIAL SERVICES
Creators: name: Khudayberdiyev, Umar
name: Umidov, Davlatbek
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: This article examines the problems hindering the development of trade services, emphasizing their importance for economic progress and consumer satisfaction. It discusses factors such as technological integration, competitive dynamics, and regulatory challenges that affect the sector's growth. The study underlines the need for innovative solutions and strategic planning to overcome these barriers and enhance the effectiveness of trade services.
Three essays in applied econometrics
Creators: name: Yildirim, Emel Oylum
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2011

description: This dissertation presents three essays which are linked by the use of econometric models to explain problems that are only explained descriptively in the literature. The first essay, statistically shows that a systematic measurement bias can significantly distort predictions obtained using an international accounting framework due to the sizable diversity of the parties involved in it. Once the measurement bias is taken into account, the average value gains on the US foreign asset and liability categories are estimated to be smaller, and no evidence is found on positive yield differential.    The second essay estimates the value gains and the mismeasurement using data at multiple frequencies. The results show that positive sizable return differential is present after 2002.    The third essay shows that the increasing availability of prescription opioids threatens sellers' profit margin since it is a close substitute for heroin and forces sellers to find alternative methods to compensate buyers in the case of a negative supply shock.
PLANT COMMUNITY ECOLOGY AND UNGULATE USE OF POWERLINE RIGHTS-OF-WAY IN NORTHERN IDAHO AND NORTHWESTERN MONTANA
Creators: name: Fitzgibbons, Timothy Andrew
Publisher: name: Washington State University
Year: 2022
Subjects: Idaho
Integrated vegetation management
Pellet group count
Powerline ROW
Ungulate foraging
Wildlife management
Community Ecology

description: Powerline rights-of-way provide permanently maintained linear corridors of early seral vegetation that can harbor high levels of biodiversity. Management of vegetation located within powerline rights-of-way, as guided by the framework of Integrated Vegetation Management, creates three distinct vegetative zones: the forest zone, border zone, and wire zone. The implementation and management of distinct vegetative zones creates structurally complex physiognomies supporting diverse plant communities and a variety of wildlife, including economically and culturally important ungulates such as white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) and Rocky Mountain Elk (Cervus canadensis). This study analyzed components of plant community ecology and explored ungulate use in these three distinct vegetative zones found within powerline rights-of-way in northern Idaho and northwestern Montana. Hypotheses explored were: 1) species diversity and richness values vary according to vegetative zone, and, 2) ungulate use will also vary by vegetative zone, as influenced by plant community composition and percent accepted forage cover. Vegetation surveys and linear mixed models were used to explore differences in Shannon’s diversity index and species richness values between different study sites and the vegetative zones in the rights-of-way at those sites. Fecal pellet count surveys and generalized linear mixed models were used to explore white-tailed deer and Rocky Mountain elk use in distinct vegetative zones. Results from the vegetation surveys and corresponding analysis showed species richness and species diversity increased from forest zone to the wire zone, potentially driven by changes in light intensity, edge effects and frequency of disturbance. Fecal pellet count surveys combined with floristic analysis and linear mixed models suggested that ungulate use was most apparent in vegetation zones that contained the highest abundance of accepted forage species. Observations suggest that ungulate use and foraging behavior could be altered in powerline rights-of-way by pressure from natural predators and human intrusion. These results imply that utility companies and land managers should continue using or adopt integrated vegetation management practices to encourage the development and persistence of early seral plant communities in right-of-way features potentially conserving or enhancing biodiversity at landscape scales.
ЗАХОДИ ЩОДО РОЗВИТКУ ЦИФРОВОЇ ЕКОНОМІКИ В УКРАЇНІ У КОНТЕКСТІ ЄВРОІНТЕГРАЦІЇ
Creators: name: Іванцов, С. В.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: цифрові технології, цифрові трансформації, цифрова економіка, європейська інтеграція, державна політика, заходи державної підтримки, інновації, оборонно промисловий комплекс.

description: Використання цифрових технологій ґрунтовно змінило економічні системи на всіх рівнях, викликавши цифрові трансформації, які призвели до появи цифрової економіки. Інтенсифікація цифрових трансформацій є важливим завдання державної економічної політики в Україні, яка повинна враховувати євроінтеграційний курс. Мета статті – запропонувати практичні заході та рекомендації щодо забезпечення розвитку цифрової економіки в Україні у контексті євроінтеграції.

Наголошується на доцільності використання Україною досвіду ЄС щодо розвитку цифрової економіки та адаптації його стратегії, для чого запропоновано використовувати концепції наздоганяючого, конвергентного та імітаційного розвитку, моделі гнучкої інтеграції, поглиблювати співпрацю з окремими країнами-членами. Обґрунтовано необхідність відокремлення пріоритетів розвитку цифрової економіки, а також сформульовано основні принципи та визначено напрями державної політики у цій сфері. Враховуючи необхідність посилення державної підтримки цифрових трансформацій, розглянуто її основні  характеристики та складові створення для цього спеціального механізму. На основі політики Цифрового десятиліття ЄС виокремлено головні напрями розвитку цифрової економіки в Україні та за кожним з них запропоновано відповідні практичні заходи у цій сфері.  Окремо пропонуються рекомендації щодо інтенсифікації цифрових трансформацій у фінансовій сфері. Обґрунтовано необхідність та розроблено заходи щодо стимулювання інновацій у цифровій сфері. Для модернізації та підвищення ефективності, сформульовано рекомендації по інтенсифікації процесів цифровізації в оборонно-промисловому комплексі України. Запропоновано комплекс заходів щодо підтримки Збройних Сил України на основі створенням спеціальних цифрових систем, платформ та сервісів. У перспективних дослідженнях планується зосередити увагу на питаннях формування і реалізації державної політики розвитку цифрової економіки в Україні, фокусуючи її на економічному відновленні.
Statistical Machine Learning Methods for Modelling, Imaging, and Monitoring the Brain
Creators: name: ZHAO, YUN
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 320904
subject: Computational neuroscience (incl. mathematical neuroscience and theoretical neuroscience)
classificationCode: 490409
subject: Ordinary differential equations, difference equations and dynamical systems
classificationCode: 400304
subject: Biomedical imaging

description: This PhD study develops new computational frameworks and uses lots of experimental data to understand how the human brain works. It improves brain imaging techniques to directly measure brain activity, something current methods can't do well. The study introduces a framework called Neurophysiological Process Imaging (NPI), which uses advanced math methods and brain models to interpret brain scan data more accurately. This approach has helped understand brain conditions such as consciousness and epileptic seizures. It shows how brain networks change with consciousness and seizures. Overall, this research offers novel insights into brain functions and demonstrates the power of computational methods in studying the brain.
Structure, function and regulation of drug/xenobiotic transporter
Creators: name: Wu, Jinwei
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2011

description: Organic anion transporters (OATs), as one group of the important Drug/xenobitic transporters, play vital roles in the body disposition of environmental toxins and clinically anionic drugs. Numerous works have forged an extensive framework on OATs. However, more works are required to explore the functionally critical amino acid residues and motifs to glean comprehensive information on relationship between structure and function. In the first part of the thesis, we investigated the role of dileucine (L6L7) at the amino terminus of hOAT1 and GXXXG motifs in its transmembrane domains 2 (G144XXXG148) and 5 (G223XXXG227) of hOAT1 in the expression and function of the transporter by using mutants made by site-directed mutagenesis approach. Mutant transporter L6A/L7A, G144A and G148A showed no transport activity due to its complete loss of surface expression. Proteasomal inhibitor and lysosomal inhibitor treatment suggested the mutant L6A/L7A- G144A- and G148A transporters were degraded through proteasomal pathway. Treatment of L6A/L7A- expressing cells with two chemical chaperones could not repair the misfolding of the mutant transporter in Endoplasmic Reticulum. For mutant transporters G223A and G227A, only G227 showed dramatic reduced transport activity due to dramatic loss in expression. Proteasomal or lysosomal inhibitors resulted in partial recovery of total cell expression of the mutant G227A hOAT1, but not recovery of surface expression and function. Our data suggest that the L6L7 and GXXXG motifs in transmembrane domains 2 and 5 play critical roles in the stability of hOAT1.    Our lab has reported that activation of protein kinase C (PKC) leads to accelerated internalization of hOAT1. However the underlying mechanism is still unclear. In the second part of the thesis, we indentified that ubiquitination of hOAT1 was significantly increased after PKC activation by phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) and Angiotensin II (AngII). And the PKC-induced ubiquitination of a mutant N5KR carrying multiple lysine substitutions was abolished. Importantly, cell surface biotinylation experiments showed that the N5KR mutant which has the minimal ubiquitination counteracted against the enhanced retrieval and accelerated degradation of surface hOAT1 proteins by PKC activation, which established a strong correlation of PKC-dependent endocytosis and PKC-dependent ubiquitination of hOAT1.
Hemipristis curvatus Dames 1883
Creators: name: Ebersole, Jun A.
name: Cicimurri, David J.
name: Stringer, Gary L.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Elasmobranchii
Carcharhiniformes
Hemigaleidae
Hemipristis
Hemipristis curvatus

description: Hemipristis curvatus Dames, 1883
Fig. 24
Hemipristis curvatus Dames, 1883: 140, pl. 3, fig. 4a–b.
Hemipristis wyattdurhami White, 1956: 134, text-pl. figs 40–47, pl. 11, fig. 4.
Hemipristis serra – Woodward 1889: 451.
Hemipristis wyattdurhami – Thurmond & Jones 1981: 63, fig. 29.
Material examined
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA – Alabama • 6 isolated teeth; Claiborne Group; ALMNH PV1989.4.189, ALMNH PV1989.4.220, ALMNH PV1989.4.221, MSC 2376.1–2, MSC 2377.
Description
Upper anterior teeth have high, triangular crown. Mesial cutting edge elongate, slightly convex, bearing four large serrae basally but otherwise smooth; basal serrae decrease in size towards crown foot. Upper half of the distal edge smooth, vertical, whereas basal half bears five large serrae decreasing in size towards the crown foot. Mesial edge and upper half of the distal edge form conspicuous cusp that is slightly distally inclined. Root has a large lingual boss bisected by a nutritive groove. Upper lateral teeth have broad-based crown bearing distally curving cusp. Mesial cutting edge very convex, smooth except for one-or-two medially located serrae. Apical one-third of distal edge smooth, forms distally inclined cusp along with mesial edge. Lower two-thirds of distal edge formed into heavily serrated oblique heel; five-to-eight serrae present that decrease in size basally. Root bilobate; very short and highly diverging lobes separated by V-shaped interlobe area; wide, shallow lingual nutritive groove.
Remarks
Woodward (1889: 451) originally reported a tooth collected from Eocene deposits in Clarke County, AL as Hemipristis serra Agassiz, 1843, noting, however, that the specimen was “doubtfully of this species.” This specimen was later reexamined by White (1956) and referred to a new species, Hemipristis wyattdurhami, a taxon that Cappetta (1987) later designated as a junior synonym of H. curvatus Dames, 1883. Teeth of H. serra attain much larger sizes than those of H. curvatus, and the mesial cutting edge on the upper teeth and lower lateral teeth of H. serra bear more denticles than do teeth of H. curvatus. In contrast, the mesial edge on H. curvatus teeth in these jaw positions are smooth or with few very weak denticles. H. serra is also widely regarded as a Neogene taxon (see Cappetta 2012).
Stratigraphic and geographic range in Alabama
The specimens in our sample were collected from the Gosport Sand at site ACh-21. Middle Bartonian, Zone NP17.
description: Published as part of Ebersole, Jun A., Cicimurri, David J. & Stringer, Gary L., 2019, Taxonomy and biostratigraphy of the elasmobranchs and bony fishes (Chondrichthyes and Osteichthyes) of the lower-to-middle Eocene (Ypresian to Bartonian) Claiborne Group in Alabama, USA, including an analysis of otoliths, pp. 1-274 in European Journal of Taxonomy 585 on pages 66-67, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2019.585, http://zenodo.org/record/3660259
Analysis of bladder cancer precursor formation as a basis for early therapeutic intervention
Creators: name: University Of California Office Of The President
Publisher: name: University of California Office of the President
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/00dmfq477
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2024

description: Smoking is the largest single cause of bladder cancer, the fourth most common cancer in men. The vast majority of bladder cancers originate in cells lining the interior of the organ, called epithelial cells. A small subpopulation of epithelial cells are stem cells that supply new cells during normal tissue regeneration and repair. The remarkable growth capacity of bladder stem cells is unleashed during malignant transformation, as rare stem cells are the source of bladder cancer. Prior to overt tumor formation, aggressive stem cell-derived cells expand to many distant regions of the tissue. One remarkable feature of this ‘pre-malignant’ growth is that these cells are often derived from a single stem cell, and are thus clones. Despite the critical importance of the clonal stem cell expansion for establishment of bladder cancer, we know little about how this expansion initiates. Understanding how bladder stem cells proliferate during the early stages of tumorigenesis may enable development of diagnostics for early detection of cancer precursors as well as treatments that may limit their spread. The proposed research uses a mouse model for bladder cancer to better understand the clonal growth of stem cells in the early stages of bladder cancer, and includes the use of drug treatments to test therapeutic approaches for halting their expansion.
Black Bogotá
Creators: name: Williams, Fatimah E.
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2011

description: This dissertation is an ethnographic examination of the lived experience of multicultural constitutional reform and juridical recognition among black populations inColombia. The Constitutional Reform of 1991 and subsequent Law 70 of 1993 – also called the Law of Black Communities – made Colombia one of the first countries in Latin America to recognize black people as a distinct cultural group and grant them rights tocollective territories, political representation, and cultural protections. However, my research reveals that Colombian blackness is enshrined in the new constitution as “black communities” (comunidades negras), an ethnic identity and political subjectivity limited to the rural Colombian Pacific region, subsistence practices, and cultural traditions.Grounded in anthropological theory and methods, Black Bogotá compares collective and individual experiences of race in post-recognition Colombia among two distinct sets of black actors-- activists and capital city residents. Among black activists, I found that the law’s focus on ethnicity and culture neutralized urban antiracist activism as it bolstered rural, grassroots movements that could couch their claims in cultural difference, ethnic identity, and territory. These rural movements found greater traction within legal discourses on blackness, and later among transnational activist communities when they mobilized around the state’s failure to protect their legal rights. Meanwhile, my interviews and participant observation with black residents of Bogotá reveal that they creatively conceptualize black identity, citizenship, and race from their positions as professionals, partners in interracialrelationships, internal migrants to the capital, and parents rearing black children in a predominately Euro-Andean city, with much resistance to grassroots movement and legal constructions of Colombian blackness and black social issues. This project explores blackness as a cultural and a legal phenomenon, showing how race operates in dailysocial life outside of sites of predominately black populations, at the margins of state politics and law, and in conjunction with global discourses of rights and black identity. This research contributes to Latin American scholarship on race, ethnographic studies oftransnational activism, and recent anthropological debates on the extent to which law can address social difference and inequality.
An exploratory study of donor stewardship on the Web framed within a cocreational public relations paradigm
Creators: name: Wiencek, Nancy A.
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2011

description: American’s commitment to philanthropy reached new heights in the wake of the twenty-first century as reports of unspeakable tragedies and unforeseen disasters filled our collective consciousness.  Simultaneously, the World Wide Web began to emerge as the medium through which Americans were expressing their support. With little known outside of the popular and trade press about online giving, this study examines how and in what ways nonprofit organizations are using the Web to establish and maintain relationships with online donor publics.  Drawing on the excellence and dialogic paradigms found in the cocreational public relations literature, the concept of stewardship is advanced as an overarching theoretical framework for the study.  A content analysis methodology was employed to examine the Web sites of 50 American nonprofit organizations that raise money online to describe stewardship, operationalized as relationship building features, found on each of the sites.  The study explores found a relationship between the number of features and amount of money raised online, and the number and types of features and the organizational mission.  As a result of the research, a model for studying stewardship is advanced.
ІНСТИТУЦІОНАЛЬНІ ФОРМИ ОРГАНІЗАЦІЇ КООПЕРАЦІЙНОГО СПІВРОБІТНИЦТВА ТА ПАРТНЕРСЬКОЇ ВЗАЄМОДІЇ ДЛЯ АКТИВІЗАЦІЇ ІННОВАЦІЙНОГО РОЗВИТКУ ПІДПРИЄМНИЦТВА
Creators: name: Попов, О. Є.
name: Небаба, Н. О.
name: Ботвінов, Р. Г.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: інновації, інноваційний розвиток, підприємництво, активізація інноваційного розвитку, інститути, організаційні форми, коопераційне співробітництво, партнерська взаємодія.

description: Доведено необхідність розбудови інституціонального механізму управління структурно-інноваційними трансформаціями, утворення якого є умовою щодо реалізації стратегії зміцнення національної конкурентоспроможності. Розглянуто та дано характеристику послідовності етапів циклу інноваційного розвитку. Встановлено, що характерна особливість ієрархічної побудови механізму управління структурно інноваційними трансформаціями полягає у визначенні в багаторівневості її структури, в рамках якої цілі, завдання, стратегія та органи управління структурно-інноваційними трансформаціями визначаються диференціацією на  національному, галузевому, регіональному, підприємницько-корпоративному рівнях. Представлено характеристику організаційних форм стимулювання інноваційної активності підприємництва на різних рівнях механізму управління структурно інноваційними трансформаціями. Обґрунтовано, що найбільш високим рівнем ефективності інституціонального регулювання процесів розробки та впровадження нововведень характеризується селективні форми регулятивного впливу, до яких слід віднести галузеве (стимулювання та оптимізація процесів внутрішніх інноваційних перетворень в окремих галузях і секторах економіки) та регіональне (розвиток ринкової інфраструктури територій, підвищенням обґрунтованості та цілеспрямованості державної підтримки внутрішніх перетворень на окремих підприємствах) управління структурно-інноваційними трансформаціями. Встановлено склад та дано характеристику економічних суперечностей, які знаходять прояв на різних рівнях ієрархічної побудови інституціонального механізму управління структурно-інноваційними трансформаціями національної економіки.
Carcharhinus de Blainville 1816
Creators: name: Ebersole, Jun A.
name: Cicimurri, David J.
name: Stringer, Gary L.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Elasmobranchii
Carcharhiniformes
Carcharhinidae
Carcharhinus

description: Genus Carcharhinus de Blainville, 1816
Type species
Carcharhinus melanopterus Quoy & Gaimard, 1824, Recent.
description: Published as part of Ebersole, Jun A., Cicimurri, David J. & Stringer, Gary L., 2019, Taxonomy and biostratigraphy of the elasmobranchs and bony fishes (Chondrichthyes and Osteichthyes) of the lower-to-middle Eocene (Ypresian to Bartonian) Claiborne Group in Alabama, USA, including an analysis of otoliths, pp. 1-274 in European Journal of Taxonomy 585 on page 67, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2019.585, http://zenodo.org/record/3660259
Long-term impact of cannabis exposure on the adolescent brain
Creators: name: University Of California Office Of The President
Publisher: name: University of California Office of the President
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/00dmfq477
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2024

description: Cannabis use often starts in early teenage years and progressively increases during adolescence. Teenage boys and girls experiment with cannabis more than any other recreational drug, a trend that is likely to increase in States, like California, where cannabis has been legalized for both medical and non-medical use. Research has shown that the adolescent brain is especially vulnerable to the long-term effects of cannabis. Neural networks that control learning, memory and emotions are still actively developing during teenage years and are, therefore, more likely to be altered by exposure to brain-active substances such as cannabis. In fact, there is evidence from human population studies that use of the drug in adolescence is associated with deficits in memory and emotion that continue into adulthood, even after use has stopped. These findings are supported by other studies showing how administration of THC, cannabis’ intoxicating constituent, in adolescence causes a variety of long-lasting cognitive and emotional problems. How do these problems arise? To address this question, we asked whether THC modifies the ability of the brain to produce its own cannabis-like substances. These molecules, called endocannabinoids, recognize the same receptors that combine with THC (the ‘cannabinoid receptors’) and play important roles in the normal function of the adolescent and adult brain. Our preliminary results in mice show that excessive activation of cannabinoid receptors during adolescence causes enduring changes in the way the endocannabinoids are produced and destroyed. In the present application, we propose a series of studies to determine, first, how exactly endocannabinoid production changes in response to THC exposure in adolescence; second, what patterns of exposure are necessary and sufficient to alter endocannabinoid signaling; and, third, what molecular mechanisms underpin the long-lasting effects caused by THC on endocannabinoid signaling. Understanding the persistent consequences of cannabis use during adolescence will help, among other things, to provide a solid evidence-based ground for policy decisions concerning levels and timing of medical and recreational cannabis exposure in vulnerable sectors of the population such as teenagers.
Towards Discoverability and Cataloging of Rare Class Signals from Large Earth and Space Science Datasets Using Machine Learning
Creators: name: Chakraborty, Srija
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: The recent deluge of data in Earth and Space Sciences provides a unique opportunity to derive insights into different physical events of interest. These events are rare and can be challenging to discover due to the dominant “uninteresting data”. Anomaly detectors effectively leverage large datasets by modeling the dominant class and detect rare class samples from its deviation from the model. This work explores commonly used detectors that adapt to large, multispectral datasets to extract rare class signals and then groups them into subclasses using domain knowledge to maximize scientific return from instruments. The approach is domain-adaptive and demonstrates its cross-divisional relevance. We apply the approach on multispectral nighttime data from NASA’s Black Marble acquired by the Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite to detect fires, gas flares, volcanoes to accurately account for these events for monitoring disasters and greenhouse gas emissions. We also apply the approach on data from the Atmospheric Imaging Assembly onboard the Solar Dynamics Observatory to automate the detection of a new class of solar energetic events. We discuss efforts towards developing open source packages for applicability on test data. The methodology can be extended to other multispectral datasets and accelerate analysis across domains.
Study of the impact of perceived value, perceived risk, trust and satisfaction on customer loyalty in the banking sector in Morocco
Creators: name: BOUDAD Dounia
name: JRHIRID Sabah
name: AIT LAHCEN Latifa
name: THIS Maryam
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: The world of services is constantly evolving and represents a very important part of the GDP of developing countries and particularly in Morocco. The banking sector is the most representative example. The objective of the study is to determine the impact of perceived value, perceived risk, satisfaction and trust on customer loyalty.

In order to achieve the objectives of the study and test the hypotheses, we designed and administered a questionnaire to collect, process and analyze data. A sample of 270 bank customers in the city of Agadir was chosen. The measurement scales were adapted from previous studies in order to validate the appropriate questions for each variable in the study.

The results show that perceived value, perceived risk, satisfaction and trust have a positive impact on bank customer loyalty.
Smoking in Bipolar Disorder: Contribution of Sensory and Cognitive Brain Functions and Genomics
Creators: name: University Of California Office Of The President
Publisher: name: University of California Office of the President
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/00dmfq477
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2024

description: Smoking rates are two to three times higher in those with bipolar disorder (BPD) compared to the general population, making them susceptible to the associated adverse health effects as well as mortality at an earlier age. Smoking also has been associated with worse illness course and outcome. Identification of biomarkers contributes to our understanding of nicotine addiction and can lead to advancing smoking cessation efforts in high risk populations such as BPD. Unfortunately nicotine can sometimes improve sensory and cognitive processes in individuals with psychiatric illness, underscoring the need to find smoking cessation treatments. Sensory gating, a trait measure of sensory processing and brain inhibitory function, is impaired in BPD and is an established biomarker confirmed by a number of studies. In SZ, smoking reverses the gating impairment and ameliorates some of the sensory and cognitive deficits. The potential for smoking to mediate these same measures in BPD has not been studied and may lead to biomarkers to guide understanding of nicotine addiction in this high-risk group. Genetic variations in nicotine and neurotransmitter associated genes have been separately associated with SZ, nicotine dependence, cognition and sensory gating but few studies have examined these interactions in BPD. Certain nicotinic acetylcholine receptor genes have been implicated in the etiology of BPD and the modulation of P50 sensory gating. Similarly cognitive tasks such as attention and memory can improve with nicotine. These relationships suggest that a combination of these measures, including the nicotinic cholinergic subunit genes, P50 sensory gating and cognition can provide the more accurate and comprehensive view of the pathology of smoking that is required before effective treatments can be designed. Toward this goal, we propose to investigate this in groups of smoking and non-smoking BPD patients with and without psychosis. Using this combinatorial approach the proposed study will provide information about the neuroscience of nicotine addiction in BPD and identify pathways or gene targets for novel smoking cessation treatments.
Understanding how submucosal gland myoepithelial cells respond to cigarette smoke
Creators: name: University Of California Office Of The President
Publisher: name: University of California Office of the President
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/00dmfq477
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2024

description: Lung cancer is the cancer that kills the most people world wide. It kills more people than breast, colon and prostate cancers combined. It is well known that cigarette smoking causes precancers in the lungs that can then undergo a stepwise process to form true lung cancer. But these precancers are poorly understood and we don't understand how they form and why some of them resolve while others go on to become lung cancers. Our lab and others have shown that these precancers form from stem cells in the lung that are important for repair after injury. These stem cells are badly affected by smoking injury and don't work normally in smokers so that their airways don't repair normally. These airway stem cells respond to the smoking injury by making too many of themselves and they don't form the normal functional cells of the airway resulting in precancerous areas. Our goal is to understand what goes wrong with these stem cells, whether all of them or just subsets of them are affected, and why they don't repair normally so we can target this and promote normal lung repair. By better understanding this process our goal is to prevent lung cancer from happening in the first place. We believe that preventing lung cancer is the best way to cure lung cancer. To do these studies we will use cutting edge technology to identify the subsets of stem cells and find out what goes wrong with them when they are exposed to cigarette smoke and the lung repair process goes awry causing precancerous areas to form. Our ultimate goal is to develop a new therapy to prevent lung cancer from forming by promoting normal lung repair.
Ethics under moral neutrality
Creators: name: Williams, Evan Gregg
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2011

description: How should we act when uncertain about the moral truth, or when trying to remain neutral between competing moral theories? This dissertation argues that some types of actions and policies are relatively likely to be approved by a very wide range of moral theories—even theories which have never yet been formulated, or which appear to cancel out one another's advice. For example, I argue that actions and policies which increase a moral agent's access to primary goods also tend to increase that agent'slikelihood of bringing about good consequences, even under varying and mutually incompatible hypotheses about what consequences count as "good". We therefore have a subjective, pro tanto moral reason to perform such actions and enact such policies—onewhose justification does not require treating any particular theory as especially probable, but instead merely requires treating at least one at-least-partly consequentialist moral theory as an open hypothesis, and is therefore applicable even under conditions of moral uncertainty or moral neutrality. My discussion begins abstractly, but as it progresses it gradually applies its framework to increasingly concrete issues. I find that the justification of some liberal policies—in the classical sense of "liberal"—can be accomplished with significantly fewer moral assumptions than have traditionally been relied upon.
Reducing Disparities by Integrating Tobacco Cessation into HIV Care
Creators: name: University Of California Office Of The President
Publisher: name: University of California Office of the President
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/00dmfq477
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2024

description: Smoking is more than twice as common among people living with HIV (PLWH) compared to the national average, and HIV and tobacco interact to worsen the health effects and mortality rate from heart and lung disease. As poorer and more socially marginalized populations are over-represented among PLWH (e.g. racial/ethnic or sexual minorities, those addicted to drugs), targeting PLWH to quit smoking may be an efficient and effective way to reduce tobacco-related health inequalities. The main goal of this two-year high impact pilot project is to investigate and inform including smoking cessation interventions within the HIV clinical care setting. Specifically, we will: 1) determine the ways PLWH use tobacco and what helps them quit; 2) explore physician and health system practices and opinions regarding including tobacco cessation into the clinical care setting; 3) map smoking cessation interventions that address the competing priorities and challenges of affected communities. To better understand smoking practices and what impedes or helps this population to quit smoking (Aim 1), we will conduct surveys among 500 PLWH and focus groups with PLWH who: i) decided not to try to quit after their doctor suggested they should, ii) unsuccessfully tried to quit, and iii) successfully quit. To meet aim 2, we will give a brief survey to 50 HIV care providers and conduct face-to-face, in-depth interviews with at least 15 HIV service providers to better understand current practices and barriers to combining tobacco cessation with HIV care. To meet aim 3, what we learned from Aims 1 and 2 will inform the selection of possible interventions found useful in other settings, and input from patients, providers, and the community will inform intervention design. Our diverse team, with expertise in treating patients with HIV, developing tobacco cessation interventions, behavioral science, and HIV and substance use epidemiology, is uniquely positioned to conduct this study, which will fill a critical knowledge gap and lay the foundation for interventions to reduce tobacco-related health disparities. The team’s strong community ties will also be leveraged to ensure community input and sharing and extension of study results beyond the clinical setting.
Meshless deformable models for LV motion and strain computation from tagged MRI
Creators: name: Wang, Xiaoxu
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2011

description: Tagged MRI(TMRI) provides a direct and noninvasive way to reveal the in-wall deformation of the myocardium. Due to the through-plane motion, the 3D trajectories and strain of material points cannot be calculated directly from 2D TMRI images.  With the intersections of three orthogonal tagging planes as cue points, we build a meshless volumetric deformable model to track the displacement of every material point in the heart wall. Meshless deformable models describe an object as point clouds inside of the object boundary. Each material point in the object is represented as a parameterized function of its coordinates in the model coordinate system, and the model is deformed by updating these parameters. The similarity transformation of each point is computed by assuming its neighboring points are doing the same transformation. The deformation is computed iteratively when the cue points match the target locations in the consecutive image frame. The 3D strain field is computed from the 3D displacement field with Moving Least Squares (MLS). We validate the performance of meshless deformable models  with a numerical phantom and demonstrate that the meshless method outperform the finite element method (FEM). Meshless deformable models can track the trajectories of any material point in myocardium and compute the 3D strain field of the myocardium. The experimental results on in vivo healthy and patient heart data show that the meshless deformable model can fully recover the  myocardium motion in 3D.
DEVELOPMENT, CHARACTERIZATION, AND ASSESSMENT OF LOW-COST, HANDS-ON EDUCATIONAL TOOLS FOR IMPROVING UNDERSTANDING OF HEAT TRANSFER PHENOMENA
Creators: name: Reynolds, Olivia
Publisher: name: Washington State University
Year: 2022
Subjects: Active learning
Evaporative Cooling
Hands-on learning
Heat Exchange

description: Active learning is widely recognized as superior to traditional passive, lecture-based techniques for fostering learning in STEM courses. Interactive, hands-on learning where students interact with their peers and physical systems is an effective type of active learning. As the need for scientists and engineers continues to grow, understanding and incorporation of interactive learning pedagogies into STEM classrooms is critical. This dissertation is focused on the development, characterization, and assessment of very low-cost, visual hands-on learning tools which can be used to demonstrate and foster understanding of complex heat transfer phenomena in undergraduate engineering courses. First, the performance of a miniaturized double pipe heat exchanger is presented. Behavior can be predicted highly accurately with industrial correlations and results from conceptual and motivational assessments show the heat exchanger helps improve understanding and is well-received by students. Next, the effectiveness of the double pipe heat exchanger is compared to the effectiveness of a simpler module for demonstration of basic fluid mechanics principles. Two module implementation modes are compared: in-person and virtual demonstration. Hands-on and virtual implementations are shown to promote similar improvements in student understanding, highlighting the usefulness of the learning modules and other hands-on learning pedagogies in resource-limited or distance-based education settings. The double pipe heat exchanger module is shown to be significantly less effective for promoting conceptual understanding gains compared to the simpler fluid mechanics module and reasons for this are discussed. Finally, the development and characterization of a new module to demonstrate evaporative cooling, which is a complex heat and mass transfer process used in several industrial and residential processes, is detailed. The behavior of the device is evaluated with a fractional factorial design, compared to performance trends observed with larger-scale systems, and a new numerical model for prediction of water and air temperatures and performance is presented. Overall, the miniaturized evaporative cooler is shown to behave similarly to large-scale systems, highlighting its usefulness as a classroom teaching tool.
title: Energy Based Method for Generation of Optimum Flight Paths
Creators: name: Acheson, Michael Jon
Publisher: name: Old Dominion University
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04zjtrb98
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2006

description: One key to increasing aviation safety and airport efficiency is the proper management of aircraft energy states. Aircraft accident statistics are replete with examples of aircraft that crossed the runway threshold with excessive energy or maintained insufficient energy to reach the runway. This trend has resulted in aircrews that are trained in conservative energy management that trades efficiency for simplicity. Additionally, traditional aircraft flight displays provide limited aircraft energy state cues that do not enable efficient management of aircraft energy states. In this thesis, a method for generating global optimum flight profiles is demonstrated that yields results that can be utilized by aircraft in flight and provides the associated flight information necessary to fly these profiles.

Traditional flight path optimization techniques typically seek to optimize both spatially and temporally, resulting in unacceptable computation times. This method optimizes descent time (based on aircraft energy state and rates of change of energy) while allowing longitudinal spatial variables to be dependent upon the resultant flight profile. The results are optimum descent profiles that aircrew only initiate once the profile's prescribed longitudinal spatial distance is reached. These optimum descent profile solutions significantly reduce time to descend over more traditional approaches while also ensuring that the aircraft retain the highest ground speed by remaining at altitude as long as possible. Additionally, providing aircraft-specific flight path cues that inherently manage the rates at which aircraft energy can be gained or lost significantly enhances safety.

Additionally, the optimizer results clearly indicate a general energy flight profile "rule of thumb'* that would allow realistic initial estimated flight profiles to be generated. These profiles could be analytically computed and are sufficiently close to the optimum that they would negate the need for optimization. Utilizing nearly optimal computed profiles as the initial vector provided to the optimizer results in optimum solutions within the first few iterations of optimization.

This method is readily adaptable to the Next Generation Air Transportation System (NGATS) environment and compatible with its* goals of expanding capacity and ensuring safety [1]. As representative aircraft would be continually computing their respective optimum flight times, the problem of sequencing aircraft is greatly simplified. The requirement for a common use "official airport winds aloft profile" and for aircraft to communicate their optimum profiles to the host airport would necessitate the use of the "internet in the sky".