cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Facilitating Cooperation in Human-Agent Hybrid Populations through Autonomous Agents
Creators: name: Guo, Hao
name: Shen, Chen
name: Hu, Shuyue
name: Xing, Junliang
name: Tao, Pin
name: Shi, Yuanchun
name: Wang, Zhen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Cooperation is a vital social behavior that plays a crucial role in human prosperity, enabling conflict resolution and averting disastrous outcomes. With the increasing presence of autonomous agents (AAs), human-agent interaction becomes more frequent in modern society. We investigate the impact of cooperative and defective AAs on human cooperation within the framework of evolutionary game theory, particularly in one-shot social dilemma games. Our findings reveal that cooperative AAs have a limited impact on prisoner's dilemma, but facilitate cooperation in stag hunt games. Surprisingly, defective AAs, rather than cooperative AAs, promote complete dominance of cooperation in snowdrift games. Meanwhile, in scenarios with weak imitation strength, cooperative AAs are able to maintain or even promote cooperation in all these games. Additionally, the results obtained from structured populations also imply that the effectiveness of AAs in promoting cooperation can be maximized by carefully considering their design and application in a given context.
description: 23 pages, 7 figures
GBT Detection of Polarization-dependent HI Absorption and HI Outflows in Local ULIRGs and Quasars
Creators: name: Teng, Stacy H.
name: Veilleux, Sylvain
name: Baker, Andrew J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the results of a 21-cm HI survey of 27 local massive gas-rich late-stage mergers and merger remnants with the Robert C. Byrd Green Bank Telescope (GBT). These remnants were selected from the Quasar/ULIRG Evolution Study (QUEST) sample of ultraluminous infrared galaxies (ULIRGs; L$_{8-1000 μm} > 10^{12}$ L$_\odot$) and quasars; our targets are all bolometrically dominated by active galactic nuclei (AGN) and sample the later phases of the proposed ULIRG-to-quasar evolutionary sequence. We find the prevalence of HI absorption (emission) to be 100% (29%) in ULIRGs with HI detections, 100% (88%) in FIR-strong quasars, and 63% (100%) in FIR-weak quasars. The absorption features are associated with powerful neutral outflows that change from being mainly driven by star formation in ULIRGs to being driven by the AGN in the quasars. These outflows have velocities that exceed 1500 km s$^{-1}$ in some cases. Unexpectedly, we find polarization-dependent HI absorption in 57% of our spectra (88% and 63% of the FIR-strong and FIR-weak quasars, respectively). We attribute this result to absorption of polarized continuum emission from these sources by foreground HI clouds. About 60% of the quasars displaying polarized spectra are radio-loud, far higher than the $\sim$10% observed in the general AGN population. This discrepancy suggests that radio jets play an important role in shaping the environments in these galaxies. These systems may represent a transition phase in the evolution of gas-rich mergers into "mature" radio galaxies.
description: 10 pages of text in emulateapj format, 6 tables, and 12 color figures. Accepted for publication by ApJ
Tuning the phase sensitivity of a double-lambda system with a static magnetic field
Creators: name: Xu, Xiwei
name: Shen, Shuo
name: Xiao, Yanhong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the effect of a DC magnetic field on the phase sensitivity of a double-lambda system coupled by two laser fields, a probe and a pump. It is demonstrated that the gain and the refractive index of the probe can be controlled by either the magnetic field or the relative phase between the two laser fields. More interestingly, when the system reduces to a single-lambda system, turning on the magnetic field transforms the system from a phase-insensitive process to a phase-sensitive one. In the pulsed-probe regime, we observed switching between slow and fast light when the magnetic field or the relative phase was adjusted. Experiments using a coated 87Rb vapor cell produced results in good agreement with our numerical simulation. This work provides a novel and simple means to manipulate phase sensitive electromagnetically-induced-transparency or four-wave mixing, and could be useful for applications in quantum optics, nonlinear optics and magnetometery based on such systems.
description: 10 pagess, 7 figures
Luzula campestris
Creators: name: Becherer
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1956
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy

description: A. campestris X maritima ssp. vallesiaca Cat. 195und 427. Keine neuen Fundorte bekanntgeworden.
description: Published as part of Becherer, 1956, Florae Vallesiacae Supplementum, pp. 1-556 in Denkschriften der Schweizerischen Naturforschenden Gesellschaft 71 on pages 1-556
Synthetic is all you need: removing the auxiliary data assumption for membership inference attacks against synthetic data
Creators: name: Guépin, Florent
name: Meeus, Matthieu
name: Cretu, Ana-Maria
name: de Montjoye, Yves-Alexandre
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Synthetic data is emerging as one of the most promising solutions to share individual-level data while safeguarding privacy. While membership inference attacks (MIAs), based on shadow modeling, have become the standard to evaluate the privacy of synthetic data, they currently assume the attacker to have access to an auxiliary dataset sampled from a similar distribution as the training dataset. This is often seen as a very strong assumption in practice, especially as the proposed main use cases for synthetic tabular data (e.g. medical data, financial transactions) are very specific and don't have any reference datasets directly available. We here show how this assumption can be removed, allowing for MIAs to be performed using only the synthetic data. Specifically, we developed three different scenarios: (S1) Black-box access to the generator, (S2) only access to the released synthetic dataset and (S3) a theoretical setup as upper bound for the attack performance using only synthetic data. Our results show that MIAs are still successful, across two real-world datasets and two synthetic data generators. These results show how the strong hypothesis made when auditing synthetic data releases - access to an auxiliary dataset - can be relaxed, making the attacks more realistic in practice.
Magnetohydrodynamic stability of stochastically driven accretion flows
Creators: name: Nath, Sujit K.
name: Mukhopadhyay, Banibrata
name: Chattopadhyay, Amit K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the evolution of magnetohydrodynamic/hydromagnetic perturbations in the presence of stochastic noise in rotating shear flows. The particular emphasis is the flows whose angular velocity decreases but specific angular momentum increases with increasing radial coordinate. Such flows, however, are Rayleigh stable, but must be turbulent in order to explain astrophysical observed data and, hence, reveal a mismatch between the linear theory and observations/experiments. The mismatch seems to have been resolved, atleast in certain regimes, in the presence of weak magnetic field revealing magnetorotational instability. The present work explores the effects of stochastic noise on such magnetohydrodynamic flows, in order to resolve the above mismatch generically for the hot flows. We essentially concentrate on a small section of such a flow which is nothing but a plane shear flow supplemented by the Coriolis effect, mimicking a small section of an astrophysical accretion disk around a compact object. It is found that such stochastically driven flows exhibit large temporal and spatial auto-correlations and cross-correlations of perturbation and hence large energy dissipations of perturbation, which generate instability. Interestingly, auto-correlations and cross-correlations appear independent of background angular velocity profiles, which are Rayleigh stable, indicating their universality. This work, to the best of our knowledge, is the first attempt to understand the evolution of three-dimensional hydromagnetic perturbations in rotating shear flows in the presence of stochastic noise.
description: 14 pages including 18 figures; accepted for publication in Physical Review E. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1211.5135
Signatures of Molecular Orbital Structure in Lateral Electron Momentum Distributions from Strong-Field Ionization
Creators: name: Petersen, Ingo
name: Henkel, Jost
name: Lein, Manfred
Publisher: name: College Park, MD : American Physical Society
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Ionization
subject: Molecular orbitals
subject: Circularly polarized lasers
subject: Electron momentum distribution
subject: Molecular orbital structures
subject: Momentum distributions
subject: Orbital symmetries
subject: Polarization planes
subject: Polyatomic molecules
subject: Strong field ionization
subject: Angular distribution
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::530 | Physik

description: Strong-field ionization of aligned diatomic and polyatomic molecules such as O2, N2, C2H4, and others in circularly polarized laser fields is investigated theoretically. By calculating the emission-angle-resolved lateral width of the momentum distribution perpendicular to the polarization plane, we show that nodal planes in molecular orbitals are directly imprinted on the angular dependence of the width. We demonstrate that orbital symmetries can be distinguished with the information obtained by observing the lateral width in addition to the angular distributions. © 2015 American Physical Society.
Post-Acceleration Study for Neutrino Super-beam at CSNS
Creators: name: Wu, Yang
name: Tang, Jingyu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A post-acceleration system based on the accelerators at CSNS (China Spallation Neutron Source) is proposed to build a super-beam facility for neutrino physics. Two post-acceleration schemes, one using superconducting dipole magnets in the main ring and the other using room-temperature magnets have been studied, both to achieve the final proton energy of 128 GeV and the beam power of 4 MW by taking 10% of the CSNS beam from the neutron source. The main design features and the comparison for the two schemes are presented. The CSNS super-beam facility will be very competitive in long-baseline neutrino physics studies, compared with other super-beam facilities proposed in the world.
description: 10 pages, 5 fugures, 7 tables
Strong quantum memory at resonant Fermi edges revealed by shot noise
Creators: name: Ubbelohde, Niels
name: Roszak, K.
name: Hohls, Frank
name: Maire, N.
name: Haug, Rolf J.
name: Novotny, T.
Publisher: name: London : Nature Publishing Group
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: singularities
subject: metals
subject: dynamics
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::530 | Physik

description: Studies of non-equilibrium current fluctuations enable assessing correlations involved in quantum transport through nanoscale conductors. They provide additional information to the mean current on charge statistics and the presence of coherence, dissipation, disorder, or entanglement. Shot noise, being a temporal integral of the current autocorrelation function, reveals dynamical information. In particular, it detects presence of non-Markovian dynamics, i.e., memory, within open systems, which has been subject of many current theoretical studies. We report on low-temperature shot noise measurements of electronic transport through InAs quantum dots in the Fermi-edge singularity regime and show that it exhibits strong memory effects caused by quantum correlations between the dot and fermionic reservoirs. Our work, apart from addressing noise in archetypical strongly correlated system of prime interest, discloses generic quantum dynamical mechanism occurring at interacting resonant Fermi edges.
Signatures of spin in the ν=1/3 fractional quantum Hall effect
Creators: name: Dethlefsen, Annelene F.
name: Mariani, E.
name: Tranitz, H.-P.
name: Wegscheider, W.
name: Haug, Rolf J.
Publisher: name: College Park, MD : American Physical Society
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: 2DES
subject: FQHE
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::530 | Physik

description: The activation gap Δ of the fractional quantum Hall state at constant filling ν=1/3 is measured in a wide range of perpendicular magnetic field B. Despite the full spin polarization of the incompressible ground state, we observe a sharp crossover between a low-field linear dependence of Δ on B and a Coulomblike square root behavior at large B. From the global gap reduction we get information about the mobility edges in the fractional quantum Hall regime. © 2006 The American Physical Society.
Yangian deformations of $\mathcal{S}$-commutative quantum vertex algebras and Bethe subalgebras
Creators: name: Bagnoli, Lucia
name: Kožić, Slaven
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We construct a new class of quantum vertex algebras associated with the normalized Yang $R$-matrix. They are obtained as Yangian deformations of certain $\mathcal{S}$-commutative quantum vertex algebras and their $\mathcal{S}$-locality takes the form of a single $RTT$-relation. We establish some preliminary results on their representation theory and then further investigate their braiding map. In particular, we show that its fixed points are closely related with Bethe subalgebras in the Yangian quantization of the Poisson algebra $\mathcal{O}(\mathfrak{gl}_N((z^{-1})))$, which were recently introduced by Krylov and Rybnikov. Finally, we extend this construction of commutative families to the case of trigonometric $R$-matrix of type $A$.
description: 22 pages, comments are welcome
Controlling Chaotic Maps using Next-Generation Reservoir Computing
Creators: name: Kent, Robert M.
name: Barbosa, Wendson A. S.
name: Gauthier, Daniel J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, we combine nonlinear system control techniques with next-generation reservoir computing, a best-in-class machine learning approach for predicting the behavior of dynamical systems. We demonstrate the performance of the controller in a series of control tasks for the chaotic Hénon map, including controlling the system between unstable fixed-points, stabilizing the system to higher order periodic orbits, and to an arbitrary desired state. We show that our controller succeeds in these tasks, requires only 10 data points for training, can control the system to a desired trajectory in a single iteration, and is robust to noise and modeling error.
description: 9 pages, 8 figures
title: Prominences and magnetic activity on young single and binary stars
Creators: name: Dunstone, Nicholas J.
Publisher: name: University of St Andrews
Year: 2008

description: In this thesis I study the magnetic activity of young stars via observations of stellar prominences on single stars and by applying the Zeeman Doppler imaging (ZDI) technique to map the magnetic fields and measure differential rotation of a young binary system. Stellar prominences can be observed as absorption transients in the rotationally broadened chromospheric lines of rapidly rotating stars. Observations of Speedy Mic(K3V) reveal a densely packed prominence system at heights far above the stellar co-rotation radius. Further observations were used to estimate prominence column densities and masses. From very high signal-to-noise observations, loops of emission are found that trace the path of prominences seen transiting the stellar disc. I also present what appears to be the first observation of an erupting stellar prominence on AB Doradus (K0V). I modify an existing ZDI code so that it can recover the magnetic maps of a binary system. The new code is applied to observations of the pre-main sequence binary system HD 155555 (G5IV+K0IV). The radial magnetic maps reveal a complex surface magnetic topology with mixed polarities at all latitudes and rings of azimuthal field present on both stars. The evolution of the relative field strengths between observations in 2004 and 2007 could be indicative of a magnetic activity cycle. I adapt the sheared image technique for measuring differential rotation parameters to the binary case. Both stellar components of HD 155555 are found to have rates of differential rotation similar to those of the same spectral type main sequence single stars. This is in apparent conflict with previous work on evolved binary systems where low rates of differential rotation were found, leading to the suggestion of suppression by binary tidal forces. I find that the depth of convection zone alone can likely explain the differential rotation results without invoking tidal forces.
Spin Liquid Regimes at Nonzero Temperature in Quantum Spin Ice
Creators: name: Savary, Lucile
name: Balents, Leon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum spin liquids are highly entangled ground states of quantum systems with emergent gauge structure, fractionalized spinon excitations, and other unusual properties. While these features clearly distinguish quantum spin liquids from conventional, mean-field-like states at zero temperature (T), their status at T>0 is less clear. Strictly speaking, it is known that most quantum spin liquids lose their identity at non-zero temperature, being in that case adiabatically transformable into a trivial paramagnet. This is the case for the U(1) quantum spin liquid states recently proposed to occur in the quantum spin ice pyrochlores. Here we propose, however, that in practical terms, the latter quantum spin liquids can be regarded as distinct phases from the high temperature paramagnet. Through a combination of gauge mean field theory calculations and physical reasoning, we argue that these systems sustain both quantum spin liquid and thermal spin liquid phases, dominated by quantum fluctuations and entropy, respectively. These phases are separated by a first order "thermal confinement" transition, such that for temperatures below the transition, spinons and emergent photons are coherently propagating excitations, and above it the dynamics is classical. Even for parameters for which the ground state is magnetically ordered and not a quantum spin liquid, this strong first order transition occurs, pre-empting conventional Landau-type criticality. We argue that this picture explains the anomalously low temperature phase transition observed in the quantum spin ice material Yb2Ti2O7.
description: 15 pages (including 7 pages of appendices), 3 figures, 1 table
Sympathetic cooling of mixed-species two-ion crystals for precision spectroscopy
Creators: name: Wübbena, Jannes B.
name: Amairi, Sana
name: Mandel, Olaf
name: Schmidt, Piet O.
Publisher: name: College Park, MD : American Physical Society
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Background gas
subject: Different mass
subject: External heating
subject: Indispensable tools
subject: Ion crystals
subject: Ion traps
subject: Laser configuration
subject: Mass ratio
subject: Mixed species
subject: Precision spectroscopy
subject: Quantum-information processing
subject: Sympathetic cooling
subject: Temperature limits
subject: Trapped ion
subject: Computer simulation
subject: Cooling
subject: Data processing
subject: Ions
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::530 | Physik

description: Sympathetic cooling of trapped ions has become an indispensable tool for quantum-information processing and precision spectroscopy. In the simplest situation a single Doppler-cooled ion sympathetically cools another ion which typically has a different mass. We analytically investigate the effect of the mass ratio of such an ion crystal on the achievable temperature limit in the presence of external heating. As an example, we show that cooling of a single Al + with Be +, Mg +, and Ca + ions provides similar results for heating rates typically observed in ion traps, whereas cooling ions with a larger mass perform worse. Furthermore, we present numerical simulation results of the rethermalization dynamics after a background gas collision for the Al +-Ca + crystal for different cooling laser configurations. © 2012 American Physical Society.
Heavy Higgs boson Searches at the LHC in the light of a Left-Right Symmetric Model
Creators: name: Bhattacharyya, Sanchari
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate a Left-Right symmetric model respecting $SU(3)_C \otimes SU(2)_L \otimes U(1)_L \otimes SU(2)_R \otimes U(1)_R$ local gauge symmetry. We study the interactions of the heavy neutral and charged scalars of this model along with their production at the hadron collider and their subsequent decays. We analyze the collider searches of two heavy scalars, one of them is charge neutral and another one is singly charged. In both the cases we consider their associated production at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) and finally concentrate only on the leptonic final states. We perform both cut-based and multivariate analysis using Boosted Decision Tree algorithm for 14 TeV as well as as 27 TeV LHC run with 3000 fb$^{-1}$ integrated luminosity. As expected, the multivariate analysis shows a better signal-background discrimination compared to the cut-based analysis. In this article, we show that a charged Higgs of mass 750 GeV and 1.2 TeV can be probed with $2.77 σ$ ($4.58 σ$) and $1.38 σ$ ($3.66 σ$) significance at 14 (27) TeV run of LHC.
description: 25 pages, 9 tables, 12 figures, Accepted in Phys. Rev. D
Simultaneous Contacting and Interconnection of Passivated Emitter and Rear Solar Cells
Creators: name: Schulte-Huxel, Henning
name: Petermann, Jan-Hendrik
name: Blankemeyer, Susanne
name: Steckenreiter, Verena
name: Kajari-Schröder, Sarah
name: Brendel, Rolf
Publisher: name: London : Elsevier Ltd.
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: laser fiered contacts
subject: laser welding
subject: module interconnection
subject: PERC solar cells
subject: Aluminum
subject: Aluminum foil
subject: Bonding
subject: Crystalline materials
subject: Efficiency
subject: Laser beam welding
subject: Passivation
subject: Screen printing
subject: Silver
subject: Solar cells
subject: Testing
subject: Welding
subject: Accelerated aging test
subject: Cell interconnection
subject: Contact formation
subject: Contact resistivities
subject: Proof of concept
subject: Surface recombination velocities
subject: Integrated circuit interconnects
subject: Konferenzschrift
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::530 | Physik

description: The back end process of passivated emitter and rear cells (PERC) consists of at least one laser process and three screen-printing steps followed by the stringing and tabbing of the cells. To reduce the number of steps we have developed a process that metallizes the rear side including contact formation and simultaneously interconnects the cells. We attach an Al foil to an encapsulant layer. By laser processing we form 'laser-fired and bonding contacts' (LFBC) on the passivated rear side of the solar cells. The Al foil contacting the rear is laser welded to the Ag screen-printed front side metallization of the next cell and thus forms the cell interconnection. The laser contacts on the rear show a surface recombination velocity Scont for the contact regions of cm/s and a contact resistivity of 3.52 m?cm2. We present a first proof-of concept module combining the in-laminate Ag-Al laser welding and the LFBC reaching an efficiency of 18.4%. In accelerated aging test modules show no degradation (< 1% in efficiency) after 100 humidity-free cycles.
Observations of m-SWCX from the Perspective of Open Science
Creators: name: Ringuette, Rebecca
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Invited presentation given at the OH-VLISM Seminar online. Go to www.heliosphere.community and look for recording of the Nov 15, 2023 talk. https://drive.google.com/file/d/1UzOiY5m0p5upQoNOEYh92--BxwNUUKH8/view
Generalized local Tb Theorems for Square Functions, and applications
Creators: name: de la Herran, Ana Grau
name: Hofmann, Steve
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: A local Tb theorem is an L^2 boundedness criterion by which the question of the global behavior of an operator is reduced to its local behavior, acting on a family of test functions b_Q indexed by the dyadic cubes. We present several versions of such results, in particular, treating square function operators whose kernels do not satisfy the standard Littlewood-Paley pointwise estimates. As an application of one version of the local Tb theorem, we show how the solvability of the Kato problem (which was implicitly based on local Tb theory) may be deduced from this general criterion. We also present another version, from which we deduce boundedness of layer potentials associated to certain complex elliptic operators in divergence form.
Three-loop calculations in non-Abelian gauge theories
Creators: name: Tarasov, O. V.
name: Vladimirov, A. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A detailed description of the method for analytical evaluation of the three-loop contributions to renormalization group functions is presented. This method is employed to calculate the charge renormalization function and anomalous dimensions for non-Abelian gauge theories with fermions in the three-loop approximation. A three-loop expression for the effective charge of QCD is given. Charge renormalization effects in the SU(4)-supersymmetric gauge model is shown to vanish at this level. A complete list of required formulas is given in Appendix. The above-mentioned results of three-loop calculations have been published by the present authors (with A.Yu., Zharkov and L.V., Avdeev) in 1980 in Physics Letters B. The present text, which treats the subject in more details and contains a lot of calculational techniques, has also been published in 1980 as the JINR Communication E2-80-483.
description: 21 pages, uses axodraw.sty
T-duality without isometry via extended gauge symmetries of 2D sigma models
Creators: name: Chatzistavrakidis, Athanasios
name: Deser, Andreas
name: Jonke, Larisa
Publisher: name: New York : Springer
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Gauge Symmetry
subject: String Duality
subject: Sigma Models
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::530 | Physik

description: Target space duality is one of the most profound properties of string theory. However it customarily requires that the background fields satisfy certain invariance conditions in order to perform it consistently; for instance the vector fields along the directions that T-duality is performed have to generate isometries. In the present paper we examine in detail the possibility to perform T-duality along non-isometric directions. In particular, based on a recent work of Kotov and Strobl, we study gauged 2D sigma models where gauge invariance for an extended set of gauge transformations imposes weaker constraints than in the standard case, notably the corresponding vector fields are not Killing. This formulation enables us to follow a procedure analogous to the derivation of the Buscher rules and obtain two dual models, by integrating out once the Lagrange multipliers and once the gauge fields. We show that this construction indeed works in non-trivial cases by examining an explicit class of examples based on step 2 nilmanifolds.
Analytical Hot Spot Shapes and Magnetospheric Radius from 3D Simulations of Magnetospheric Accretion
Creators: name: Kulkarni, Akshay K.
name: Romanova, Marina M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an analytical formula for the position and shape of the spots on the surface of accreting magnetized stars in cases where a star has a dipole magnetic field tilted at a small misalignment angle Theta < 30 degrees about the rotational axis, and the magnetosphere is 2.5-5 times the radius of the star. We observed that the azimuthal position of the spots varies significantly when the position of the inner disc varies. In contrast, the polar position of the spots varies only slightly because of the compression of the magnetosphere. The azimuthal width of the spots strongly varies with Theta: spots have the shape of an arc at larger misalignment angles, and resemble a ring at very small misalignment angles. The polar width of the spots varies only slightly with changes in parameters. The motion of the spots in the azimuthal direction can provide phase-shifts in accreting millisecond pulsars, and the "drift" of the period in Classical T Tauri stars. The position and shape of the spots are determined by three parameters: misalignment angle Theta; normalized corotation radius, r_c/R_* and normalized magnetospheric radius, r_m/R_*, where R_* is the stellar radius. We also use our data to check the formula for the Alfvén radius, where the main dependencies are r_m \sim (μ^2/\dot M)^{2/7}, where μis the magnetic moment of the star, and \dot M is the accretion rate. We found that the dependence is more gradual, r_m \sim (μ^2/\dot M)^{1/5}, which can be explained by the compression of the magnetosphere by the disc matter and by the non-dipole shape of the magnetic field lines of the external magnetosphere.
description: 13 pages, 12 figures, Submitted to MNRAS
A hybrid scheme for encoding audio signal using hidden Markov models of waveforms
Creators: name: Molla, Stéphane
name: Torrésani, Bruno
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper reports on recent results related to audiophonic signals encoding using time-scale and time-frequency transform. More precisely, non-linear, structured approximations for tonal and transient components using local cosine and wavelet bases will be described, yielding expansions of audio signals in the form tonal + transient + residual. We describe a general formulation involving hidden Markov models, together with corresponding rate estimates. Estimators for the balance transient/tonal are also discussed.
Low-Resolution Spectrum of the Zodiacal Light with AKARI InfraRed Camera
Creators: name: Tsumura, Kohji
name: Matsumoto, Toshio
name: Matsuura, Shuji
name: Pyo, Jeonghyun
name: Sakon, Itsuki
name: Wada, Takehiko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the near- and mid-infrared zodiacal light spectrum obtained with the AKARI Infra-Red Camera (IRC). A catalog of 278 spectra of the diffuse sky covering a wide range of Galactic and ecliptic latitudes was constructed. The wavelength range of this catalog is 1.8-5.3 μm with wavelength resolution of λ/Δλ~20. Advanced reduction methods specialized for the slit spectroscopy of diffuse sky spectra are developed for constructing the spectral catalog. Based on the comparison analysis of the spectra collected in different seasons and ecliptic latitudes, we confirmed that the spectral shape of the scattered component and the thermal emission component of the zodiacal light in our wavelength range does not show any dependence on location and time, but relative brightness between them varies with location. We also confirmed that the color temperature of the zodiacal emission at 3-5 μm is 300+/-10 K at any ecliptic latitude. This emission is expected to be originated from sub-micron dust particles in the interplanetary space.
description: 14 pages, 19 figures, accepted by Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan (PASJ)
Percurso do doente – Ataxia de friedreich / Patient journey – Friedreich's Ataxia
Creators: name: Alves Ferreira, João Miguel
Publisher: name: ERN-RND
Year: 2023

description: ENG
Patient Journeys  are info-graphical overviews that visualize patients' needs in the care of their rare disease. Because Patient Journeys are designed from the patient's perspective, they allow clinicians to effectively address the needs of rare disease patients.
Patient Journeys consider that patients' needs may differ at different stages of the disease – e.g., initial symptoms vs. treatment. They also reflect the patients' personal experiences, which may vary depending on the person, clinic and country.
ERN-RND considers Patient Journeys working documents that patients and clinicians can use together to identify gaps in care and adapt care pathways to better meet the needs of patients living with these conditions. Patient Journeys can therefore be seen as a first step toward systematic patient engagement in the design of care pathways.
In addition, Patient Journeys are a useful resource for patients, families, non-specialist clinicians, and the general public to understand the care needs of patients living with a rare neurological disease.
The Patient Journey for Friedreich's Ataxia was developed together with Mary, Kearny, FARA Ireland and ERN-RND ePAG representative, and members of the Disease Group 'Ataxia and HSP'.
PT
As Jornadas do Doente são sínteses info-gráficas que visualizam as necessidades dos doentes no tratamento da sua doença rara. Uma vez que as Jornadas do Doente são concebidas a partir da perspetiva do doente, permitem aos médicos responder eficazmente às necessidades das pessoas com doenças raras.
Os Percursos do Doente consideram que as necessidades dos doentes podem ser diferentes em diferentes fases da doença – por exemplo, sintomas iniciais versus tratamento. Também reflectem as experiências pessoais dos doentes, que podem variar consoante a pessoa, a clínica e o país.
A ERN-RND considera que os Percursos dos Doentes são documentos de trabalho que os doentes e os médicos podem utilizar em conjunto para identificar lacunas nos cuidados e adaptar os percursos de cuidados para melhor satisfazer as necessidades dos doentes que vivem com estas doenças. Os Percursos do Doente podem, portanto, ser vistos como um primeiro passo para o envolvimento sistemático dos doentes na conceção dos percursos de cuidados.
Além disso, os Percursos dos Doentes são um recurso útil para os doentes, as famílias, os médicos não especialistas e o público em geral compreenderem as necessidades de cuidados dos doentes que vivem com uma doença neurológica rara.
A Jornada do Doente para a Ataxia de Friedreich foi desenvolvida em conjunto com Mary, Kearny, representante da FARA Irlanda e do ePAG da ERN-RND, e com membros do Grupo de Doenças "Ataxia e HSP".
Precise QCD predictions on $W_HZ_H$ production in the littlest Higgs Model with $T$ parity at the LHC
Creators: name: Wen, Liu
name: Ren-You, Zhang
name: Lei, Guo
name: Wen-Gan, Ma
name: Liang-Wen, Chen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the effects of the littlest Higgs model with $T$ parity up to the QCD next-to-leading order (NLO) on the $W_H^{\pm} Z_H$ productions at the CERN Large Hadron Collider (LHC), and discuss the kinematic distributions of final decay products and the theoretical dependence of the cross section on the factorization/renormalization scale. We find the QCD NLO corrections reduce the scale uncertainty of the leading order cross section in case of $μ_F=μ_R$. By adopting the PROSPINO subtraction scheme (scheme (II)) in analysing the QCD NLO contributions, we can obtain the numerical results which keep the convergence of the perturbative QCD description. Our results by adopting scheme (II) at the $14 {\rm TeV}$ ($8 {\rm TeV}$) LHC show that the $K$-factor for the $W_H^+ Z_H$ production varies in the range of $1.01 \sim 1.10$ ($1.00 \sim 1.08$), while the $K$-factor for the $W_H^- Z_H$ production varies in the range of $1.11 \sim 1.13$ ($1.11 \sim 1.12$), when the global symmetry breaking scale $f$ goes from $400 {\rm GeV}$ to $1.5 {\rm TeV}$ ($1 {\rm TeV}$).
description: 27 pages, 14 figures and 3 tables, accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. D
Water influx through the wetted surface of a sweet cherry fruit: Evidence for an associated solute efflux
Creators: name: Winkler, Andreas
name: Riedel, Deborah
name: Neuwald, Daniel Alexander
name: Knoche, Moritz
Publisher: name: Basel : MDPI AG
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cracking
subject: Leakage
subject: Osmolyte
subject: Penetration
subject: Prunus avium
subject: Uptake
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::580 | Pflanzen (Botanik)

description: Sweet cherries are susceptible to rain-cracking. The fruit skin is permeable to water, but also to solutes. The objectives of this study were to (1) establish whether a solute efflux occurs when a sweet cherry fruit is incubated in water; (2) identify the solutes involved; (3) identify the mechanism(s) of efflux; and (4) quantify any changes in solute efflux occurring during development and storage. Solute efflux was gravimetrically measured in wetted fruit as the increasing dry mass of the bathing solution, and anthocyanin efflux was measured spectrophotometrically. Solute and anthocyanin effluxes from a wetted fruit and water influx increased with time. All fluxes were higher for the cracked than for the non-cracked fruit. The effluxes of osmolytes and anthocyanins were positively correlated. Solute efflux depended on the stage of development and on the cultivar. In ‘Regina’, the solute efflux was lowest during stage II (25 days after full bloom (DAFB)), highest for mid-stage III (55 DAFB), and slightly lower at maturity (77 DAFB). In contrast with ‘Regina’, solute efflux in ‘Burlat’ increased continuously towards maturity, being 4.8-fold higher than in ‘Regina’. Results showed that solute efflux occurred from wetted fruit. The gravimetrically determined water uptake represents a net mass change—the result of an influx minus a solute efflux.
Synthesis and spectroscopic characterization of some chromanochalcones and their dihydro derivatives
Creators: name: Srinivasa Rao, M.
name: Kotesh, J.
name: Narukulla, R.
name: Duddeck, Helmut
Publisher: name: Gainesville : Arkat USA
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Chromano dihydrochalcones
subject: Chromanochalcones
subject: Hydrogenation
subject: NMR spectroscopy
subject: 1 (5 hydroxy 2,2 dimethyl 3,4 dihydro 2h chromen 6 yl) 3 (2,4,5 trimethoxyphenyl)prop 2 en 1 one
subject: 1 (5 hydroxy 2,2 dimethyl 3,4 dihydro 2h chromen 6 yl) 3 (2,4,5 trimethoxyphenyl)propan 1 one
subject: 1 (5 hydroxy 2,2 dimethyl 3,4 dihydro 2h chromen 6 yl) 3 (4 methoxyphenyl)prop 2 en 1 one
subject: 1 (5 hydroxy 2,2 dimethyl 3,4 dihydro 2h chromen 6 yl) 3 (4 methoxyphenyl)propan 1 one
subject: 1 (5 hydroxy 2,2 dimethyl 3,4 dihydro 2h chromen 6 yl)ethanone
subject: 1 (7 hydroxy 2,2 dimethyl 3,4 dihydro 2h chromen 6 yl) 3 (2,4,5 trimethoxyphenyl)prop 2 en 1 one
subject: 1 (7 hydroxy 2,2 dimethyl 3,4 dihydro 2h chromen 6 yl) 3 (4 methoxyphenyl)prop 2 en 1 one
subject: 1 (7 hydroxy 2,2 dimethyl 3,4 dihydro 2h chromen 6 yl) 3 (4 methoxyphenyl)propan 1 one
subject: 1 (7 hydroxy 2,2 dimethyl 3,4 dihydro 2h chromen 6 yl)ethanone
subject: benzaldehyde derivative
subject: chalcone derivative
subject: chroman derivative
subject: unclassified drug
subject: article
subject: carbon nuclear magnetic resonance
subject: chemical reaction kinetics
subject: drug synthesis
subject: hydrogenation
subject: proton nuclear magnetic resonance
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::540 | Chemie

description: Synthesis of naturally occurring 6-(α,β-dihydrocinnamoyl)-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromanes has been carried out by the reaction of 6-acetyl-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromanes with methoxybenzaldehydes followed by hydrogenation of the resulting 6-cinnamoyl-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromanes.
Supersolid states in a spin system-phase diagram and collective excitations
Creators: name: Murakami, Yuta
name: Oka, Takashi
name: Aoki, Hideo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Phases analogous to supersolids can be realized in spin systems. Here we obtain the phase diagram of a frustrated dimer spin-1/2 system on a square lattice and study the collective excitation spectra, focusing on the supersolid state (SS). In the phase diagram on a parameter space of the exchange interaction and magnetic field, we find, on top of the SS phase, a phase that has no counterpart in the Bose Hubbard model and this state becomes dominant at the region where the enhancement of SS occurs in the bose Hubbard model. We then investigate the excitation spectrum and spin- spin correlation, which can be detected by neutron scattering experiments. We obtain an analytic expression for the spin wave velocity, which agrees with hydrodynamic relations. The intensity of excitation modes in the spin-spin correlation function is calculated and their change in the supersolid and superfluid states is discussed.
Mutellina
Creators: name: Becherer
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1956
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy

description: A. Genipi X Mutellina - 3: FUSS des Matterhorns (Wolf 1896). (Grenzgebiet: Mont Cubit am Gr. St. Bernhard [Italien] [Vaccari].)
description: Published as part of Becherer, 1956, Florae Vallesiacae Supplementum, pp. 1-556 in Denkschriften der Schweizerischen Naturforschenden Gesellschaft 71 on pages 1-556
The Schwarzhorn Amphibolite (Eastern Ratikon, Austria): an Early Cambrian intrusion in the Lower Austroalpine basement
Creators: name: Nilius, Nils-Peter
name: Froitzheim, Nikolaus
name: Nagel, Thorsten Joachim
name: Tomaschek, Frank
name: Heuser, Alexander
Publisher: name: Bratislava : Slovak Acad. Sciences, Geological Inst.
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: ratikon
subject: lower austroalpine
subject: arosa zone
subject: pre-alpine basement
subject: jurassic rifting
subject: u-pb zircon geochronology
subject: u-pb zircon
subject: silvretta nappe
subject: continental-margin
subject: arosa-zone
subject: low-grade
subject: sm-nd
subject: alps
subject: switzerland
subject: evolution
subject: rocks
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::550 | Geowissenschaften

description: The Alpine nappe stack in the Penninic-Austroalpine boundary zone in the Ratikon (Austria) contains a 4x1 km tectonic sliver of meta-diorite, known as the Schwarzhorn Amphibolite. It was deformed and metamorphosed in the amphibolite facies and is unconformably overlain by unmetamorphic Lower Triassic sandstone, indicating pre-Triassic metamorphism. Cataclastic deformation and brecciation of the amphibolite is related to normal faulting and block tilting during Jurassic rifting. Zircon dating of the Schwarzhorn Amphibolite using LA-ICP-MS gave a U-Pb age of 529+9/-8 Ma, interpreted as the crystallization age of the protolith. Geochemical characteristics indicate formation of the magmatic protolith in a supra-subduction zone setting. The Cambrian protolith age identifies the Schwarzhorn Amphibolite as a pre-Variscan element within the Austroalpine basement. Similar calc-alkaline igneous rocks of Late Neoproterozoic to Early Cambrian age are found in the Upper Austroalpine Silvretta Nappe nearby and in several other Variscan basement units of the Alps, interpreted to have formed in a peri-Gondwanan active-margin or island-arc setting.
The Butterfly Effect in Artificial Intelligence Systems: Implications for AI Bias and Fairness
Creators: name: Ferrara, Emilio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The Butterfly Effect, a concept originating from chaos theory, underscores how small changes can have significant and unpredictable impacts on complex systems. In the context of AI fairness and bias, the Butterfly Effect can stem from a variety of sources, such as small biases or skewed data inputs during algorithm development, saddle points in training, or distribution shifts in data between training and testing phases. These seemingly minor alterations can lead to unexpected and substantial unfair outcomes, disproportionately affecting underrepresented individuals or groups and perpetuating pre-existing inequalities. Moreover, the Butterfly Effect can amplify inherent biases within data or algorithms, exacerbate feedback loops, and create vulnerabilities for adversarial attacks. Given the intricate nature of AI systems and their societal implications, it is crucial to thoroughly examine any changes to algorithms or input data for potential unintended consequences. In this paper, we envision both algorithmic and empirical strategies to detect, quantify, and mitigate the Butterfly Effect in AI systems, emphasizing the importance of addressing these challenges to promote fairness and ensure responsible AI development.
description: Cite as: Machine Learning with Applications, Volume 15, 2024, 100525 10.1016/j.mlwa.2024.100525
Akceleracja obliczen algebry liniowej z wykorzystaniem masywnie rownoleglych, wielordzeniowych procesorow GPU
Creators: name: Swierczewski, Lukasz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The paper presents the aspect of use of modern graphics accelerators supporting CUDA technology for high-performance computing in the field of linear algebra. Fully programmable graphic cards have been available for several years for both ordinary users and research units. They provide the capability of performing virtually any computing with high performance, which is often beyond the reach of conventional CPUs. GPU architecture, also in case of classical problems of linear algebra which is the basis for many calculations, can bring many benefits to the developer. Performance increase, observed during matrix multiplication on nVidia Tesla C2050, was more than thousandfold compared to ordinary CPU, resulting in drastic reduction of latency for some of the results, thus the cost of obtaining them.
description: 10 pages in polish