cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Grain refinement in laser remelted Mg-3Nd-1Gd-0.5Zr alloy
Creators: name: Duyao Zhang
name: Easton, Mark
name: Qiu, Dong
Publisher: name: RMIT University
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Additive Manufacturing
subject: 91207 Metals and Alloy Materials
subject: FOS: Materials engineering

description: Remarkable grain refinment is achieved in a Mg alloy by laser surface remelting process.
From related journal article abstract: "Columnar grains are normally favoured with the high cooling rate and steep thermal gradient in laser-based additive manufacturing. Here, we demonstrate that fine, fully equiaxed grains can be achieved in Mg-3Nd-1Gd-0.5Zr (EV31) alloy by laser surface remelting. The grains in the melt pool are remarkably refined from 74 µm to 3.5 µm, which can be attributed to the growth restriction effect, i.e. the constitutional supercooling formed by Zr solute during solidification in combination with the high cooling rate imposed by laser surface remelting. This novel finding could be applied for the control of grain morphology and alloy design for additive manufacturing applications."
Topological invariance and global Berry phase in non-Hermitian systems
Creators: name: Liang, Shi-Dong
name: Huang, Guang-Yao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: By studying the topological invariance andBerry phase in non-Hermitian systems, we reveal the basic properties of the complex Berry phase and generalize the global Berry phases Q to identify the topological invariance for non-Hermitian systems.We find thatQcan identify topological invariance in two kinds of non-Hermitian model, the two-level non-Hermitian Hamiltonian and the bipartite dissipative model. For the bipartite dissipative model, an abrupt change of the Berry phase in the parameter space reveals a quantum phase transition and is related to the exceptional points. These results give the basic relationships between the Berry phase and the quantum and topological phase transitions of non-Hermitian systems.
description: 15 pages, 2 figures
Thermal Fluctuations in a Charged AdS Black Hole
Creators: name: Pourhassan, B.
name: Faizal, Mir
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we will analyze the effects of thermal fluctuations on a charged AdS black hole. This will be done by analyzing the corrections to black hole thermodynamics due to these thermal fluctuations. We will demonstrate that the entropy of this black hole get corrected by logarithmic term. We will also calculate other corrections to other important thermodynamic quantities for this black hole. Finally, we will use the corrected value of the specific heat to analyze the phase transition in this system.
description: 11 pages, Accepted for publication in EPL
Navigating Pharma's New Frontier Precision Targeting and Segmentation.pdf
Creators: name: Weginwar, Onkar
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 420302
subject: Digital health

description: The pharmaceutical industry is experiencing a paradigm shift driven by advancements in data science, technology, and personalized medicine. Precision targeting and segmentation have emerged as critical strategies for pharmaceutical companies to optimize drug development, commercialization, and patient outcomes. This whitepaper explores the concept of precision targeting and segmentation in the pharmaceutical industry, highlighting its significance, challenges, methodologies, and potential impact on various stages of drug development and patient care.
Analysis of technical efficiency and its determinants among tobacco producers in Uganda: An application of data envelopment analysis
Creators: name: Midamba Dick Chune
name: Mustaf Mohamed Takoy
name: Odongkara Peter
name: Midamba Dick Chune
name: Mustaf Mohamed Takoy
name: Odongkara Peter
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Technical efficiency
subject: Tobacco
subject: Data envelopment analysis
subject: Tobit model
subject: Uganda

description: This study aimed at analyzing technical efficiency and its determinants among tobacco producers in Uganda. To achieve this, primary data were drawn from 200 tobacco farmers using semi-structured questionnaires. In order to determine the technical efficiency and its determinants, Data envelopment analysis and Tobit regression model were used for the analysis respectively. From the results, we observed that the mean TE was 49%, implying that the farmers were 51% inefficient. Furthermore, input prices, land size, farmers' age, farm income and farm location were found to be the determinants of technical efficiency. This study recommended that the government should subsidize farm inputs as well as training the farmers on input combinations in order to increase technical efficiency level.
Optimum reduction of the dynamo threshold by a ferromagnetic layer located in the flow
Creators: name: Herault, Johann
name: Pétrélis, François
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a fluid dynamo model generated by the flow on both sides of a moving layer. The magnetic permeability of the layer is larger than that of the flow. We show that there exists an optimum value of magnetic permeability for which the critical magnetic Reynolds number for dynamo onset is smaller than for a nonmagnetic material and also smaller than for a layer of infinite magnetic permeability. We present a mechanism that provides an explanation for recent experimental results. A similar effect occurs when the electrical conductivity of the layer is large.
description: 8 pages, 10figures
Profiles of academic/socioemotional competence: Associations with parenting, home, child care, and neighborhood
Creators: name: Iruka, I.U.
name: Garrett-Peters, P.
name: De Marco, A.
name: The Family Life Project Key Investigators
Publisher: name: Elsevier Ltd
Year: 2018

description: Studies have highlighted the need to better understand child development in rural contexts in the first years of life. This study uses a person-centered approach to determine patterns of academic/socioemotional competence profiles at 36 months of age in a sample of 1292 children living in rural poverty in North Carolina and Pennsylvania who participated in the Family Life Project. This study explores factors that contribute to profiles of academic/socioemotional competence, including parenting behavior, and home, child care, and neighborhood environments. Three profiles of academic/socioemotional competence emerged: 1) Non-Compliant Average Achiever, 2) Unengaged Low Achiever, and 3) Engaged High Achiever. These three groups significantly differed on profile indicators and on early parenting behaviors, and home, child care, and neighborhood characteristics. Study findings have implications for understanding the different profiles of young children's academic/socioemotional competence, and the need to strengthen the early care and education environments of children in rural communities.
IPBES goes FAIR & CARE! Data and Knowledge Management Policy Adapted
Creators: name: Niamir, Aidin
name: Kumagai, Joy
name: Krug, M. Rainer
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description: Two years have passed since the Multidisciplinary Expert Panel and the Bureau of the Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services (IPBES) approved the IPBES Data Management Policy (https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3551078). Since then, the policy has been implemented within the Platform and revised to explicitly include considerations of the handling of indigenous and local knowledge.
 Inclusivity and collective benefit as it relates to open science are now recognized as guiding principles in the policy. To inform implementation, the CARE Principles for Indigenous Data Governance now compliments the FAIR guiding principles for scientific data management and stewardship. With the inclusion of these concepts and responsibilities, the IPBES data management policy has been renamed to the IPBES data and knowledge management policy.
 The policy aims to improve the accessibility of products, transparency of the underlying processes to create them, and the CAREful handling of ILK within IPBES.
 In this contribution, we seek to inform the community about the latest development of the IPBES data and knowledge management policy, the progress to date with the implementation of the policy, and emerging projects.
description: Presented at WORLD BIODIVERSITY FORUM 2022 - DAVOS, SWITZERLAND - JUNE 26 - JULY 1, 2022 https://www.worldbiodiversityforum.org/
Early childhood education quality and child outcomes in China: Evidence from Zhejiang Province
Creators: name: Qin, J.
name: Li, K.
name: Burchinal, M.
name: Hu, B.
name: De Marco, A.
name: Pan, Y.
name: Fan, X.
Publisher: name: Elsevier Ltd
Year: 2016

description: Despite high rates of Chinese kindergarteners (3-years old) enrollment in early care and education (ECE), the quality of that care has not been widely examined. Following rapid economic growth in urban areas in the past three decades, there are growing concerns within China that families in urban and rural areas are experiencing an ECE opportunity gap. To address this concern, this study examined ECE quality and its association with child outcomes based on a relatively large sample of kindergartens in China. Using a stratified and random sampling method, the study recruited 1, 012 children (age 3-6) from 178 classrooms in Zhejiang Province, a relatively developed region with a population of over 54 million people. We used the Chinese Early Childhood Environment Rating Scale to measure ECE quality and found moderately low quality for the study sample. Also, lower quality was observed in rural than urban areas, in private than public programs, and in programs with overall low parent education than those with high parent education. One dimension of quality, teaching and interactions, predicted child outcomes in language, early math, and social cognition as measured by the Children's Developmental Scale of China (age 3-6) in hierarchical linear models. The possible sociocultural and contextual reasons for these findings and implications for policymakers and practitioners are discussed in this paper.
The role of the Hall effect in the global structure and dynamics of planetary magnetospheres: Ganymede as a case study
Creators: name: Dorelli, John C.
name: Glocer, Alex
name: Collinson, Glyn
name: Tóth, Gábor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present high resolution Hall MHD simulations of Ganymede's magnetosphere demonstrating that Hall electric fields in ion-scale magnetic reconnection layers have significant global effects not captured in resistive MHD simulations. Consistent with local kinetic simulations of magnetic reconnection, our global simulations show the development of intense field-aligned currents along the magnetic separatrices. These currents extend all the way down to the moon's surface, where they may contribute to Ganymede's aurora. Within the magnetopause and magnetotail current sheets, Hall currents in the reconnection plane accelerate ions to the local Alfvén speed in the out-of-plane direction, producing a global system of ion drift belts that circulates Jovian magnetospheric plasma throughout Ganymede's magnetosphere. We discuss some observable consequences of these Hall-induced currents and ion drifts: the appearance of a sub-Jovian "double magnetopause" structure, an Alfvénic ion jet extending across the upstream magnetopause and an asymmetric pattern of magnetopause Kelvin-Helmholtz waves.
description: 14 pages, 12 figures; presented at Geospace Environment Modeling (GEM) workshop (June, 2014) and Fall American Geophysical Union (AGU) meeting (December, 2014); submitted to Journal of Geophysical Research, December 2014
Can people experiencing homelessness acquire financial assets?
Creators: name: De Marco, M.
name: West, M.
name: De Marco, A.
name: Levy, R.
name: Young, J.
name: Biggers, A.
Publisher: name: Western Michigan University
Year: 2015

description: Through an innovative Individual Development Account (IDA) program run by the Community Empowerment Fund (CEF), individuals at risk for or experiencing homelessness receive financial education, access matched savings accounts, and have saved a total of $89,831.55. This is notable as low-income individuals often lack access to the means to build assets, which can moderate financial distress. In this mixed-method study we examine the program’s impact through administrative data, surveys, and qualitative interviews. Of the 17 interview participants, 15 opened an account, saving an average of $1,356.24 toward housing, emergency savings, cars, education, and computers. Few U.S. IDA programs have served those experiencing homelessness, although the results demonstrate they can save, which is remarkable considering the U.S. saving rate has been steadily declining to close to zero. Our findings suggest that this model is effective in working with the most disadvantaged populations to successfully acquire financial assets.
Global open access to scholarly literature: Progress and evidence of African leadership
Creators: name: Neylon, Cameron
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: open access
Africa
infrastructure

description: A talk given for the Academy of Sciences of South Africa Open Access Week program on October 20, 2020. There is accumulating evidence of large-scale global progress towards open access, with most current estimates placing the proportion of scholarly content that is freely available to read at around 50%. This progress has been accompanied with significant debate on the most efficient, most affordable, and most equitable routes towards a goal of 100%. Relatively little attention has been paid to how different regions and countries are achieving open access and the different routes they are taking. In this talk I will discuss global progress, and evidence that far from following that progress, many African institutions are leading it, with measured open access levels amongst the highest in the world. What are the policy implications for scholarly communications from Africa and how can we build greater visibility for African research on a global scale?
The relationship of maternal work characteristics to childcare type and quality in rural communities
Creators: name: Crouter, A.C.
name: Vernon-Feagans, L.
name: De Marco, A.
Publisher: name: Routledge
Year: 2009

description: Drawing on data from the Family Life Project collected in North Carolina and Pennsylvania, this paper examines the relationship between maternal work characteristics and childcare type and quality in rural communities. Research is limited on the childcare experiences of rural families. Rural areas have less access to formal childcare and families often commute long distances for work, restricting childcare options. Employed mothers using childcare were selected (n441). Logistic and OLS regression was used to examine which characteristics, including workplace support, objective occupational measures, hours, wage, and shift, predicted care type and quality. Results indicated that most families were using informal care. Those with more hazardous work conditions and working night shifts were less likely to use centers. Higher quality care was related to more workplace support, center use, and higher wages. Implications for social policy and practice are discussed.
The Dirac spectrum in Complex Langevin Simulations of QCD
Creators: name: Splittorff, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that the spectrum of the Dirac operator in complex Langevin simulations of QCD at non-zero chemical potential must behave in a way which is radically different from the one in simulations with ordinary non-complexified gauge fields: At low temperatures the small eigenvalues of the Dirac operator must be inside the quark mass for chemical potentials as large as a third of the nucleon mass. In particular, in the chiral limit the Dirac eigenvalues of complex Langevin simulations must accumulate at the origin.
description: 8 pages, 2 figures
Robust algorithms for simulating spatial cluster processes
Creators: name: Baddeley, Adrian
name: Chang, Ya-Mei
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Computational Biology

description: We review existing algorithms for generating simulated realisations of a spatial Neyman–Scott cluster point process and propose new algorithms. In real applications, the values of the model parameters passed to the algorithm can be extremely large or extremely small. The existing algorithms fail for such extreme cases, due to excessive computation time and memory demands. Fundamental reasons for this failure are analysed. We propose new algorithms that combine the best features of the existing algorithms and achieve control over the computation time and memory demands, even for extreme values of the model parameters. We analyse performance using theory and simulation experiments. Efficiency improvements of several orders of magnitude are achieved.
Aspects of apoptosis in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and hypertension comorbidity
Creators: name: Kapustnik, V.A.
name: Tverezovskyi, V.M.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
hypertension
apoptosis
хронічне обструктивне захворювання легень
гіпертензія
апоптоз

description: In English:  [Kapustnik VA, Tverezovskyi VM. Aspects of apoptosis in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and hypertension comorbidity. Proceedings of the XХІI International Scientific and Practical Conference "Modern Science and its Impact on Humanity Development" (Ukraine, Kharkiv, August 30, 2020). Bull KhRIPHS (ISSN 2707-9287), 2020;96(4):56-8. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4107219] Keywords: chronic obstructive pupmonary disease, hypertension, apoptosis. Українською: [Капустник ВА, Тверезовський ВМ. Аспекти апоптозу за коморбідного перебігу хронічного обструктивного захворювання легень та гіпертонічної хвороби. Матеріали XХІI Міжнародної науково-практичної конференції «Сучасна наука та її вплив на розвиток людства» (Україна, м. Харків, 30 серпня 2020). Вісник ХРІПГОЗ (ISSN 2707-9287), 2020;96(4):56-8. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4107219] Ключові слова: хронічне обструктивне захворювання легень, гіпертензія, апоптоз.
description: {"references": ["Adiponectin attenuates endoplasmic reticulum stress and alveolar epithelial apoptosis in COPD rats / Y. L. Zhao, F. Li, Y. W. Liu [et al.] // Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci. \u2014 2017. \u2014 Vol. 21, No. 21. \u2014 P. 4999-5007.", "Di Daniele N. Therapeutic approaches of uncomplicated arterial hypertension in patients with COPD / N. Di Daniele // Pulm Pharmacol Ther. \u2014 2015. \u2014 No. 35. \u2014 P. 1-7. \u2014 doi: 10.1016/j.pupt.2015.09.004", "Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is independently associated with hypertension in men: A survey design analysis using nationwide survey data / S. H. Kim, J. H. Park, J. K. Lee [et al.] // Medicine (Baltimore). \u2014 2017. \u2014 Vol. 96, No. 19. \u2014 P. e6896. \u2014 doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000006826", "Comorbidities of COPD in Bulgarian Patients - Prevalence and Association with Severity and Inflammation / V. Stratev, D. Petkova, V. Dimitrova [et al.] // Folia Med (Plovdiv). \u2014 2018. \u2014 Vol. 60, No. 1. \u2014 P. 102-109. \u2014 doi: 10.1515/folmed-2017-0078", "The role of bronchial epithelial cell apoptosis in the pathogenesis of COPD / B. Gogebakan, R. Bayraktar, M. Ulasl\u0131 [et al.] // Mol Biol Rep. \u2014 2015. \u2014 Vol. 41, No. 8. \u2014 P. 5321-5327. \u2014 doi: 10.1007/s11033-014-3403-3", "Laurent S. The structural factor of hypertension: large and small artery alterations / S. Laurent, P. Boutouyrie // Circ Res. \u2014 2015. \u2014 Vol. 116, No. 6. \u2014 P. 1007-1021. \u2014 doi: 10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.116.303596"]}
Welcome to the neighborhood: Does where you live affect the use of nutrition, health and welfare programs?
Creators: name: De Marco, A.C.
name: De Marco, M.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: Despite the recent upsurge in neighborhood effects research, few studies have examined the impact of neighborhood characteristics on the use of nutrition, health, and welfare programs. To explore these issues, this study used data from Welfare, Children, and Families: A Three-City Study, a longitudinal dataset comprised of low-income neighborhoods in Boston, San Antonio, and Chicago (n=1,712). Using hierarchical linear models, the results indicated that both individual (education, employment, and marriage) and perceived neighborhood disorder factors were related to social service use.
Part 10 - Contributing authors template email considering ILK and the data and knowledge management policy
Creators: name: Kumagai, Joy A
name: Bates, Peter
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: IPBES

description: This technical guideline is a template invitation email for contributing authors to IPBES assessments, which covers aspects relating to ILK and the data and knowledge management policy. The guideline is intended for assessment technical support units.
Catalytic Processes for Sustainable Aviation Fuel Production in Biorefineries
Creators: name: John, Sunday
name: Ezechukwu, Chioma
name: onyenanu, Chukwnunonso
name: Ejiofor, Calista
name: John, M.C
name: Ajali, John
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2025
Subjects: classificationCode: 410199
subject: Climate change impacts and adaptation not elsewhere classified
classificationCode: 401102
subject: Environmentally sustainable engineering
classificationCode: 401199
subject: Environmental engineering not elsewhere classified

description: Abstract: This study focuses on the production of Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SBAF) within the framework of biorefineries, emphasizing the critical role of catalysis in enabling efficient and sustainable conversion of biomass feedstocks. The research explores various production pathways, including Hydroprocessed Esters and Fatty Acids (HEFA), Fischer-Tropsch (FT) synthesis, and Alcohol-to-Jet (ATJ), and discusses their associated challenges, such as feedstock availability, high production costs, and technological limitations. A comprehensive overview of different catalyst types, including zeolites, metal oxides, and novel catalysts like MOFs and bifunctional catalysts, is presented, along with their catalytic mechanisms, deactivation pathways, and regeneration strategies. The paper also delves into the importance of catalyst characterization techniques in understanding catalyst performance and optimizing reaction conditions. Finally, the environmental and economic aspects of biorefinery-based SBAF production are discussed, highlighting the need for sustainable feedstock sourcing, efficient process design, and supportive policies to ensure the commercial viability and environmental sustainability of this emerging technology. This review aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the catalytic challenges and opportunities in the production of SBAF within integrated biorefinery systems, paving the way for future research and development efforts.
Effect of cassava legumes intercropping on yield and yield components of compound crops in Jinka on Station, Southern Ethiopia
Creators: name: Biruk Gezahegn
name: Awoke Tadesse
name: Anteneh Tadesse
name: Zeynu Kelifa
name: Biruk Gezahegn
name: Awoke Tadesse
name: Anteneh Tadesse
name: Zeynu Kelifa
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Inter cropping
subject: Cassava
subject: Legumes
subject: Yield

description: A field experiment was carried out during the 2017-18 cropping season at Jinka Agricultural Research Center on station, South Omo zone, Southern Ethiopia, to determine suitable legumes in cassava legume intercropping on yield and land use efficiency of both crops. The experiment consisted of 7 treatments (cassava with haricot bean, cowpea, and pigeon pea as intercrop compared with cassava, haricot bean, cowpea and pigeon pea as sole) laid in RCBD in three replications. Statistical analysis showed that, intercropping cassava with haricot bean, cowpea and pigeon pea resulted in 54, 56 and 21% greater land use efficiency than for either crop grown alone. The highest MAI was obtained by growing cassava with haricot bean (18310.8) followed by cassava with cowpea (14524.4) whereas relatively the lowest was cassava with pigeon pea (6005.6). Based on the present finding, intercropping of cassava with haricot bean had more economic advantage (52219.8 Ebirr) than the other crop combination or grown alone. Therefore, intercropping cassava with grain legumes such as haricot bean and cowpea is important to cassava farmers since it would provide additional crop yield during the early cassava growth stage with the same piece of land and more profitable related to cost benefit. Therefore, use of cassava intercropping with haricot bean can be recommended for cassava producing farmers at Jinka and its vicinity.
The effect of parental work history and public assistance use on the transition to adulthood
Creators: name: Shaw, T.V.
name: Berzin, S.C.
name: De Marco, A.C.
name: Unick, G.J.
name: Hogan, S.R.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2006

description: Though available data suggest a relationship between poverty and emerging adulthood, fewer studies have been conducted to assess whether parental work or public assistance mediates these outcomes. Using the National Survey of Families and Households, this study examines the effect of work reliant versus welfare-reliant households on youth outcomes (i.e., welfare use, education, idleness, and income) during the transition to adulthood. Examining parents from Wave 1 and older youth from Wave 2, researchers linked childhood poverty, parents' work history, family income from work, years on public assistance, and family income from public assistance with youth outcomes. Consistent with previous research, links exist between poverty in childhood and transition outcomes; however, these outcomes are not mediated by parental work history or extent of welfare reliance during childhood. Multivariate analyses indicate that growing up in a heavily work-oriented environment or a heavily welfare-reliant environment made little difference in the youth's ability to successfully transition to adulthood. Results are discussed in terms of their implications for welfare policy.
Longitudinal conductivity of massless fermions with tilted Dirac cone in magnetic field
Creators: name: Proskurin, Igor
name: Ogata, Masao
name: Suzumura, Yoshikazu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate a longitudinal conductivity of a two-dimensional relativistic electron gas with a tilted Dirac cone in magnetic field. It is demonstrated that the conductivity behaves differently in the directions parallel and perpendicular to the tilting of the cone. At high magnetic fields the conductivity at non-zero Landau levels in the direction perpendicular to the tilting modifies non-trivially, in contrast to the parallel case. At zero temperature the crossover of the conductivity at the Dirac point from high to low magnetic field is studied numerically. It is found that that the tilting produces anisotropy of the conductivity which changes with the magnetic field which is different from the anisotropy coming from the Fermi velocity. We also discuss the conductivity at finite temperatures and finite magnetic fields which can be directly compared with the experiments in $α$-(BEDT-TTF)$_2$I$_3$ organic conductor. We find that the tilting does not affect so much the magnetic-filed dependence of the conductivity except for the prefactor. We discuss the interpretation of recent experimental data and make some proposals to detect the effect of the tilting in future experiments.
description: 15 pages, 10 figures, accepted in Phys. Rev. B
Social work education in the shadow of confederate statues and the specter of white supremacy
Creators: name: Przewoznik, J.P.
name: De Marco, Allison
name: Albritton, Travis
name: Heil, Andrew
name: Watkins, Charity S.
Publisher: name: Indiana University School of Social Work
Year: 2021

description: Driven by our code of ethics and our call to reckon with our embeddedness within a white supremacist institution in the US South, the UNC-Chapel Hill School of Social Work re-visioned our approach to the MSW curriculum. Using case study methods, we trace our history and on-going work through interviews, document review, and community conversations, centering student voices. Students interviewed spoke about activism prompted by racist events on campus and nationally, and the inadequate response from the administration. Their efforts led to school-wide initiatives including curriculum shifts and accountability and action. The first-year generalist course, Confronting Oppression and Institutional Discrimination was restructured and resituated. Critical Race Theory was infused across the coursework. Two new working groups were created: The Anti-Racism Task Force and Reconciliation Standing Committee. Efforts to address racism and white supremacy in academic spaces require sustained activism to expose how racism is embedded within our institutions. While much work remains in the practice of becoming an antiracist institution, this model can serve as a prototype for others as they work to create programs that are site-specific and universally reflective of the institutional changes we need.
Phase coexistences and particle non-conservation in a closed asymmetric exclusion process with inhomogeneities
Creators: name: Banerjee, Tirthankar
name: Chandra, Anjan Kumar
name: Basu, Abhik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct a one-dimensional totally asymmetric simple exclusion process (TASEP) on a ring with two segments having unequal hopping rates, coupled to particle non-conserving Langmuir kinetics (LK) characterized by equal attachment and detachment rates. In the steady state, in the limit of competing LK and TASEP, the model is always found in states of phase coexistence. We uncover a nonequilibrium phase transition between a three-phase and a two-phase coexistence in the faster segment, controlled by the underlying inhomogeneity configurations and LK. The model is always found to be half-filled on average in the steady state, regardless of the hopping rates and the attachment/detachment rate.
description: 10 pages, 12 figures, accepted in Physical Review E (2015)
Plain language summary for the manuscript: Etrasimod as induction and maintenance therapy for ulcerative colitis (ELEVATE): two randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 3 studies
Creators: name: J Sandborn, William
name: Vermeire, Séverine
name: Peyrin-Biroulet, Laurent
name: Dubinsky, Marla C
name: Panes, Julian
name: Yarur, Andres
name: Ritter, Timothy
name: Baert, Filip
name: Schreiber, Stefan
name: Sloan, Sheldon
name: Cataldi, Fabio
name: Shan, Kevin
name: J Rabbat, Christopher
name: Chiorean, Michael
name: C Wolf, Douglas
name: E Sands, Bruce
name: D'Haens, Geert
name: Danese, Silvio
name: Goetsch, Martina
name: G Feagan, Brian
Publisher: name: Pfizer
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 320209
subject: Gastroenterology and hepatology

description: This is a plain language summary (PLS) of an article published in a peer-reviewed scientific journal. This PLS is not peer-reviewed. The publisher of the orignial manuscript was not involved in the preparation of this PLS and has neither reviewed not approved its content.
The Downtown Office Environment, Post Covid-19
Creators: name: Burkett, Dylan
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2022

description: This study aimed to assess the downtown office environment and how Covid-19 has changed it. It begins with a review of existing literature that explain trends associated with how offices and tenants have reacted in time of economic slowdown, differences across sectors, and the expected changes due to the implications of the pandemic. Findings from interviews of office tenants in Raleigh, with office market data, are then shown in an effort to support emerging themes.
Functional Analysis of Bloom Syndrome Helicase in Development and DNA Repair
Creators: name: Dewey, Evan
name: Bereda, Colleen
name: Nasr, Mohamed A.
name: Sekelsky, Jeff
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2022

description: Bloom Syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive disorder in humans caused by mutation of the BLM gene that leads to increased genome instability and cancer. The BLM gene codes for a helicase (BLM) that works together with Topoisomerase 3-alpha (Top3α) in homology-directed repair of DNA. Top3α directly binds to BLM and helps release the torsional stress on DNA as BLM unwinds recombination intermediates. These proteins preserve genome stability and have been shown in many organisms to operate together in the prevention of detrimental mitotic (non-meiotic) crossovers via two main DNA repair pathways, synthesis-dependent strand annealing and double Holliday junction dissolution. In Drosophila, BLM (known as Blm) also has roles in proper meiotic chromosome segregation and rapid cell cycle progression of the developing embryo. Each of these BLM functions are not well characterized and limit development of treatments for BLM-related disorders. To investigate the Blm-Top3α interaction in DNA repair, I performed a yeast 2-hybrid (Y2H) assay using the Drosophila genes . I found the interaction was specific to certain regions of Blm, with the strongest interaction observed at a C-terminal region conserved among several Drosophila species, amino acids (aa) 1381-1487. Based on this data, I created specific deletions of the Blm gene via CRISPR/Cas9 editing to characterize the various roles of Blm in vivo. First, I assessed the effects of Blm deletions on known Blm roles in meiotic chromosome segregation via a nondisjunction assay. Both aa 576-720 and N1 produced measurable defects compared to the wild type suggesting functional value of aa 576-720. Significance of this Blm region in preventing mitotic crossovers and DNA repair was evaluated by a crossover assay showcasing a lack of significant effect by aa 576-720 relative to the true null allele, N1, but still increased relative to wild type. These studies showcase the importance of aa 576-720 and other Blm regions in the roles of meiotic segregation and DNA repair. Blm aa 576-720 will be further assessed by examining the relevance of predicted ATR/ATM phosphorylation sites within the region required for proper Blm function. Additional Blm roles in embryonic development will also be explored via an embryo hatching assay. By characterizing the functions of Blm in Drosophila, we will better understand and improve BLM function within humans and the detrimental health effects associated with BLM mutations.
Recycling agricultural residues in organic farming by on-farm compost production
Creators: name: Diacono, Mariangela
name: Persiani, Alessandro
name: Fiore, Angelo
name: Di Bene, Claudia
name: Trinchera, Alessandra
name: Farina, Roberta
name: Montemurro, Francesco
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: crop residues
on-farm composting
organic farming
wastes valorization

description: Farmers are frequently facing agricultural waste production problems, which incorrect disposal may determine a damaging environmental impact, and soil fertility depletion. Sustainable valorization of crop residues could allow recovering valuable components as substrates and nutrients in microbial/enzymatic controlled processes, such as composting. This practice abstract was elaborated in the BIO4FOOD project: the project is running from November 2020 to October 2023, and is to contribute to reducing crop wastes providing natural protection products, vegetables rich in health-promoting minerals and biofertilizers by composting.
title: Identification of Emerging Patterns in Complex Systems
Creators: name: Wissmann, Jan
Publisher: name: UNSPECIFIED
Year: 2024

description: Synchronization describes the onset of a common rhythm between two linear or chaotic oscillators. Originally, the research was developed around the observation of regular oscillators. Later, similar effects were described for coupled chaotic systems.

In early experiments, chaotic systems were limited to identical synchronization. However, it was found that more complex types of synchronization also develop for chaotic systems. Current research also continues to focus on identical synchronization. We assume that this is due to the easy accessibility of identical synchronization. 

In this paper, we present an alternative, information-theoretical approach to synchronization detection. Mutual information has been used as an indicator of synchronization in previous work. However, we can establish and prove an accessible, formal relationship between synchronization and mutual information. With this insight, we propose Synchronized Mutual Information (SMI) as a measure of
synchronization. This measure represents the coherence of two trajectories in the range of 0 to 1. With complete knowledge of the phase space, the upper bound of this measure then corresponds to a synchronized system.

In addition to this basic measure, we propose an efficient implementation for estimating the SMI. We test this implementation on a coupled Lorenz/Rössler system and compare it with the "Auxiliary System Method".

We also use the SMI in systems with many coupled chaotic oscillators. To obtain an assessment of the overall system, we propose different aggregations of the SMI and test them on examples from the literature.

In recent years, the focus of research has shifted from fully synchronized systems to partially synchronized systems. Effects such as interrupted synchronization, cluster synchronization, and chimera states are of particular importance. We can show that our measurement can also contribute to a more accessible research of these sys-
tems.

Unlike other tools, the SMI works without knowledge of the system dynamics and can also be used for analysis when the equations of motion are unknown. We can show that the results of the SMI are equivalent to the results of the Transversal Lyapunov Exponent, while the SMI has a much wider range of applications.

Finally, by analyzing real-world applications, we demonstrate the applicability of SMI to real-world data. We analyze historical stock prices of companies listed in the Dow Jones and try to identify dependencies between companies using cluster analysis. We also apply the SMI to an in-vitro model of neurons. Observing neurons over a
longer period of time, we determine how the degree of interconnection of neurons is reflected in their synchronization.
title: Linear Instability Mechanisms over Three-Dimensional Wings at Low Reynolds Numbers
Creators: name: Burtsev, Anton
Publisher: name: University of Liverpool Repository
Year: 2024

description: Identification of flow instabilities that cause a laminar flow to transition to turbulence is of great importance. Most instability studies of flows over lifting surfaces have focused on sim- plified models of laminar separation, which fail to address the essential three-dimensionality of the flow. The limited knowledge of linear instability mechanisms associated with three- dimensional separation on the wing surface and a lack of a deep understanding of the complex vortex dynamics arising from the wake instabilities behind a finite wing have motivated this work. The present thesis documents the instability mechanisms and vortex dynamics of a range of finite wing planforms at low Reynolds numbers (100 ≤ Re ≤ 400) and high angles of attack. Global linear stability analysis is conducted on steady base flows to identify the leading unstable modes of the separated flow. A parametric study revealed the existence of three families of unstable global modes, denominated A, B and C, that manifest themselves in a range of geometrical configurations. The origin of wake unsteadiness is associated with unstable global mode A, which originates at the peak recirculation zone of the three- dimensional laminar separation bubble (LSB) formed on the wing. There is a mostly linear relationship between reversed flow and the leading mode amplification rate when the three-dimensionality of the LSB is low. Adjoint global modes and structural sensitivity were computed for informing future flow control. The wavemaker of the leading global eigenmode lies inside the LSB at the spanwise location of peak recirculation. Increasing Re leads to the structure of the wavemaker becoming more compact in the spanwise direction and more dependent on the top and bottom shear layers of the LSB. The wake dynamics of the unsteady flow are analysed once the growth of the leading three-dimensional global mode has led the flow to nonlinear saturation. Several mechanisms (namely, some aspects of the LSB’s wing surface topology and the tip vortex meandering phenomenon) typically observed in turbulent flows at higher Re have been identified. This suggests that the undelaying physical mechanisms observed here may extend beyond the laminar regime and play a role in turbulent flows at higher Reynolds numbers. Analysis of the flow using data-driven techniques revealed the structure of the Wake mode associated with the higher frequency shedding of predominantly spanwise vortices near midspan and the Interaction mode responsible for the shedding of spanwise and braid vortices on the outboard section of the wing. Differences in the frequency between these modes manifest in the appearance of vortex dislocations. Present results establish a basis for understanding flow dynamics and instabilities on finite three-dimensional wings at low Reynolds numbers as a first step towards understand- ing turbulent flow at higher Reynolds numbers.
Heavy flavours in high-energy nuclear collisions: quenching, flow and correlations
Creators: name: Beraudo, A.
name: De Pace, A.
name: Monteno, M.
name: Nardi, M.
name: Prino, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present results for the quenching, elliptic flow and azimuthal correlations of heavy flavour particles in high-energy nucleus-nucleus collisions obtained through the POWLANG transport setup, developed in the past to study the propagation of heavy quarks in the Quark-Gluon Plasma and here extended to include a modeling of their hadronization in the presence of a medium. Hadronization is described as occurring via the fragmentation of strings with endpoints given by the heavy (anti-)quark Q(Qbar) and a thermal parton $qbar(q)$ from the medium. The flow of the light quarks is shown to affect significantly the R_AA} and v_2 of the final D mesons, leading to a better agreement with the experimental data.
description: Proceedings of the conference Hot Quarks 2014
Boundary Conditions at the Walls with Thermionic Electron Emission in Two Temperature Modeling of "Thermal" Plasmas
Creators: name: Pekker, Leonid
name: Hussary, Nakhlek
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we propose new boundary conditions at the hot walls with thermionic electron emission for two-temperature thermal arc models. In the derived boundary conditions the walls are assumed to be made from refractory metals and that the erosion of the wall is small and, therefore, is not taken into account in the model. In these boundary conditions the plasma sheath formed at the electrode is considered as the interface between the plasma and the wall. The derived boundary conditions allow the calculation of the heat flux to the walls from the plasma and consequently the thermionic electron current that makes the two temperature thermal model self consistent.
description: 32 pages, 11 pages
60-Minute Data Literacy Workshop Using the Junk Charts Trifecta Checkup
Creators: name: Lovas, Nancy
Publisher: name: ACRL
Year: 2022
Subjects: Business education--Research
Information literacy--Study and teaching (Higher)

description: Business librarians have a role to play in supporting undergraduate students’ acquisition of data literacy skills. This lesson plan for a 60-minute workshop can help all librarians feel confident in implementing an interactive workshop that facilitates conversation about the use of data and data visualizations in business media. In small and large group discussions, students analyze the use of data and data visualizations in a business article, thereby growing their awareness of what questions to ask when consuming media that include data. Key principles from feminist pedagogy and critical business information literacy underlie the lesson plan.
Relativistic Wave Equations: An Operational Approach
Creators: name: Dattoli, G.
name: Sabia, E.
name: Górska, K.
name: Horzela, A.
name: Penson, K. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The use of operator methods of algebraic nature is shown to be a very powerful tool to deal with different forms of relativistic wave equations. The methods provide either exact or approximate solutions for various forms of differential equations, such as relativistic Schrödinger, Klein-Gordon and Dirac. We discuss the free particle hypotheses and those relevant to particles subject to non-trivial potentials. In the latter case we will show how the proposed method leads to easily implementable numerical algorithms.
Optimal control of fast and high-fidelity quantum gates with electron and nuclear spins of a nitrogen-vacancy center in diamond
Creators: name: Chou, Yi
name: Huang, Shang-Yu
name: Goan, Hsi-Sheng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A negatively charged nitrogen vacancy (NV) center in diamond has been recognized as a good solid-state qubit. A system consisting of the electronic spin of the NV center and hyperfine-coupled nitrogen and additionally nearby carbon nuclear spins can form a quantum register of several qubits for quantum information processing or as a node in a quantum repeater. Several impressive experiments on the hybrid electron and nuclear spin register have been reported, but fidelities achieved so far are not yet at or below the thresholds required for fault-tolerant quantum computation (FTQC). Using quantum optimal control theory based on the Krotov method, we show here that fast and high-fidelity single-qubit and two-qubit gates in the universal quantum gate set for FTQC, taking into account the effects of the leakage state, nearby noise qubits and distant bath spins, can be achieved with errors less than those required by the threshold theorem of FTQC.
description: 12 pages,6 figures; Accepted by Phys. Rev. A. Some typos in References corrected and Ref.[88] updated