cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Cigarette pack size and consumption: an adaptive randomised controlled trial.
Creators: name: Lee, Ilse
name: Blackwell, Anna K M
name: Scollo, Michelle
name: De-Loyde, Katie
name: Morris, Richard W
name: Pilling, Mark A
name: Hollands, Gareth J
name: Wakefield, Melanie
name: Munafò, Marcus R
name: Marteau, Theresa M
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021
Subjects: Tobacco Control
Cigarette Packaging
Adaptive Design
Pack Size
Humans
Product Packaging
Product Labeling
Tobacco Industry
Australia
Tobacco Products

description: BackgroundObservational evidence suggests that cigarette pack size - the number of cigarettes in a single pack - is associated with consumption but experimental evidence of a causal relationship is lacking. The tobacco industry is introducing increasingly large packs, in the absence of maximum cigarette pack size regulation. In Australia, the minimum pack size is 20 but packs of up to 50 cigarettes are available. We aimed to estimate the impact on smoking of reducing cigarette pack sizes from ≥25 to 20 cigarettes per pack.MethodA two-stage adaptive parallel group RCT in which Australian smokers who usually purchase packs containing ≥25 cigarettes were randomised to use only packs containing either 20 (intervention) or their usual packs (control) for four weeks. The primary outcome, the average number of cigarettes smoked per day, was measured through collecting all finished cigarette packs, labelled with the number of cigarettes participants smoked. An interim sample size re-estimation was used to evaluate the possibility of detecting a meaningful difference in the primary outcome.ResultsThe interim analysis, conducted when 124 participants had been randomised, suggested 1122 additional participants needed to be randomised for sufficient power to detect a meaningful effect. This exceeded pre-specified criteria for feasible recruitment, and data collection was terminated accordingly. Analysis of complete data (n = 79) indicated that the mean cigarettes smoked per day was 15.9 (SD = 8.5) in the intervention arm and 16.8 (SD = 6.7) among controls (difference - 0.9: 95%CI = - 4.3, 2.6).ConclusionIt remains unclear whether reducing cigarette pack sizes from ≥25 to 20 cigarettes reduces cigarette consumption. Importantly, the results of this study provide no evidence that capping cigarette pack sizes would be ineffective at reducing smoking. The limitations identified in this study can inform a more efficient RCT, which is urgently required to address the dearth of experimental evidence on the impact of large cigarette pack sizes on smoking.Trial registrationhttps://doi.org/10.1186/ISRCTN34202533.
Interplay of charge and spin coherence in Landau-Zener-Stückelberg-Majorana interferometry
Creators: name: Ribeiro, Hugo
name: Petta, J. R.
name: Burkard, Guido
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study Landau-Zener dynamics in a double quantum dot filled with two electrons, where the spin states can become correlated with charge states and the level velocity can be tuned in a time-dependent fashion. We show that a correct interpretation of experimental data is only possible when finite-time effects are taken into account. In addition, our formalism allows the study of partial adiabatic dynamics in the presence of phonon-mediated hyperfine relaxation and charge-noise-induced dephasing. Our findings demonstrate that charge noise severely impacts the visibility of Landau-Zener-Stückelberg-Majorana interference fringes. This indicates that charge coherence must be treated on an equal footing with spin coherence.
description: 13 pages, 9 figures
Badener Kultur und der ägäisch-anatolische Bereich
Creators: name: Maran, Joseph
Publisher: name: Germania : Anzeiger der Römisch-Germanischen Kommission des Deutschen Archäologischen Instituts
Year: 2023

description: Germania : Anzeiger der Römisch-Germanischen Kommission des Deutschen Archäologischen Instituts, Bd. 76 Nr. 2 (1998)
On the symmetry of current probability distributions in jump processes
Creators: name: Barato, A. C.
name: Chetrite, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the symmetry of large deviation functions associated with time-integrated currents in Markov pure jump processes. One current known to have this symmetry is the fluctuating entropy production and this is the content of the fluctuation theorem. Here we obtain a necessary condition in order to have a current different from entropy with a symmetric large deviation function. This condition is related to degeneracies in the set of increments associated with fundamental cycles from Schnakenberg network theory. Moreover we consider 4-states systems where we explicitly show that non-entropic time-integrated currents can be symmetric. We also show that these new symmetries, as is the case of the fluctuation theorem, are related to time-reversal. However, this becomes apparent only when stochastic trajectories are appropriately grouped together.
description: 29 pages, 6 figures
Rapid and robust cysteine bioconjugation with vinylheteroarenes.
Creators: name: Seki, Hikaru
name: Walsh, Stephen J
name: Bargh, Jonathan D
name: Parker, Jeremy S
name: Carroll, Jason
name: Spring, David R
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021

description: Methods for residue-selective and stable modification of canonical amino acids enable the installation of distinct functionality which can aid in the interrogation of biological processes or the generation of new therapeutic modalities. Herein, we report an extensive investigation of reactivity and stability profiles for a series of vinylheteroarene motifs. Studies on small molecule and protein substrates identified an optimum vinylheteroarene scaffold for selective cysteine modification. Utilisation of this lead linker to modify a number of protein substrates with various functionalities, including the synthesis of a homogeneous, stable and biologically active antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) was then achieved. The reagent was also efficient in labelling proteome-wide cysteines in cell lysates. The efficiency and selectivity of these reagents as well as the stability of the products makes them suitable for the generation of biotherapeutics or studies in chemical biology.
Multiplexing complex two-dimensional photonic superlattices
Creators: name: Boguslawski, Martin
name: Kelberer, Andreas
name: Rose, Patrick
name: Denz, Cornelia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce a universal method to optically induce multiperiodic photonic complex superstructures bearing two-dimensional (2D) refractive index modulations over several centimeters of elongation. These superstructures result from the accomplished superposition of 2D fundamental periodic structures. To find the specific sets of fundamentals, we combine particular spatial frequencies of the respective Fourier series expansions, which enables us to use nondiffracting beams in the experiment showing periodic 2D intensity modulation in order to successively develop the desired multiperiodic structures. We present the generation of 2D photonic staircase, hexagonal wire mesh and ratchet structures, whose succeeded generation is confirmed by phase resolving methods using digital-holographic techniques to detect the induced refractive index pattern.
description: 15 pages, 6 figures
Organic farming and organic animal products in France: After the boom, the shock of inflation
Creators: name: Chatellier, Vincent
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: organic farming
subject: animal production
subject: agricultural markets
subject: farms
subject: France

description: Based on statistical data produced by several competent organizations, this article discusses, first, the evolution of sales of organic food products and the weight they represent in the overall food market. Representing 6.3% of the French food market in 2021 compared to 3.2% in 2015, organic products have enjoyed strong growth in recent years. Since 2021, however, the market has been facing many difficulties, mainly due to inflation, which is leading consumers to make new trade-offs in their purchasing actions. In a second step, this article focuses on French organic animal products, which will represent a little less than a quarter of organic food purchases in 2021. Organic livestock products are marketed for the most part through mass distribution channels and are not very concerned by foreign trade. Thus, contrary to other organic sectors (including fruit and vegetables), domestic consumption is almost exclusively assured by products from the national market. If the consumption of organic animal products has developed, at least until very recently (2021), there is however strong competition with other signs and quality labels (Label Rouge, AOP, IGP, CCP, etc.). In France, the share of organic production in total agricultural production (expressed in tonnage) is increasing, but it varies according to the sector. Eggs rank first on this criterion (15.4% of national production), ahead of dairy products (5.2% of cow's milk collection) and, further behind, meats, particularly pork and poultry (between 1% and 2% of slaughterings).
Low-energy fusion caused by an interference
Creators: name: Ivlev, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Fusion of two deuterons of room temperature energy is studied. The nuclei are in vacuum with no connection to any external source (electric or magnetic field, illumination, surrounding matter, traps, etc.) which may accelerate them. The energy of the two nuclei is conserved and remains small during the motion through the Coulomb barrier. The penetration through this barrier, which is the main obstacle for low-energy fusion, strongly depends on a form of the incident flux on the Coulomb center at large distances from it. In contrast to the usual scattering, the incident wave is not a single plane wave but the certain superposition of plane waves of the same energy and various directions, for example, a convergent conical wave. As a result of interference, the wave function close to the Coulomb center is determined by a cusp caustic which is probed by de Broglie waves. The particle flux gets away from the cusp and moves to the Coulomb center providing a not small probability of fusion (cusp driven tunneling). Getting away from a caustic cusp also occurs in optics and acoustics.
Local-in-space criteria for blowup in shallow water and dispersive rod equations
Creators: name: Brandolese, Lorenzo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We unify a few of the best known results on wave breaking for the Camassa--Holm equation (by R. Camassa, A. Constantin, J. Escher, L. Holm, J. Hyman and others) in a single theorem: a sufficient condition for the breakdown is that $u_0'+|u_0|$ is strictly negative in at least one point $x_0$ of the real line. Such blowup criterion looks more natural than the previous ones, as the condition on the initial data is purely local in the space variable. Our method relies on the introduction of two families of Lyapunov functions. Contrary to McKean's necessary and sufficient condition for blowup, our approach applies to other equations that are not integrable: we illustrate this fact by establishing new local-in-space blowup criteria for an equation modeling nonlinear dispersive waves in elastic rods.
description: To appear on Communications in Mathematical Physics. Final draft post-refereeing
Exploration of Long-Chain Vitamin E Metabolites for the Discovery of a Highly Potent, Orally Effective, and Metabolically Stable 5-LOX Inhibitor that Limits Inflammation.
Creators: name: Neukirch, Konstantin
name: Alsabil, Khaled
name: Dinh, Chau-Phi
name: Bilancia, Rossella
name: Raasch, Martin
name: Ville, Alexia
name: Cerqua, Ida
name: Viault, Guillaume
name: Bréard, Dimitri
name: Pace, Simona
name: Temml, Veronika
name: Brunner, Elena
name: Jordan, Paul M
name: Marques, Marta C
name: Loeser, Konstantin
name: Gollowitzer, André
name: Permann, Stephan
name: Gerstmeier, Jana
name: Lorkowski, Stefan
name: Stuppner, Hermann
name: Garscha, Ulrike
name: Rodrigues, Tiago
name: Bernardes, Gonçalo J L
name: Schuster, Daniela
name: Séraphin, Denis
name: Richomme, Pascal
name: Rossi, Antonietta
name: Mosig, Alexander S
name: Roviezzo, Fiorentina
name: Werz, Oliver
name: Helesbeux, Jean-Jacques
name: Koeberle, Andreas
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021

description: Endogenous long-chain metabolites of vitamin E (LCMs) mediate immune functions by targeting 5-lipoxygenase (5-LOX) and increasing the systemic concentrations of resolvin E3, a specialized proresolving lipid mediator. SAR studies on semisynthesized analogues highlight α-amplexichromanol (27a), which allosterically inhibits 5-LOX, being considerably more potent than endogenous LCMs in human primary immune cells and blood. Other enzymes within lipid mediator biosynthesis were not substantially inhibited, except for microsomal prostaglandin E2 synthase-1. Compound 27a is metabolized by sulfation and β-oxidation in human liver-on-chips and exhibits superior metabolic stability in mice over LCMs. Pharmacokinetic studies show distribution of 27a from plasma to the inflamed peritoneal cavity and lung. In parallel, 5-LOX-derived leukotriene levels decrease, and the inflammatory reaction is suppressed in reconstructed human epidermis, murine peritonitis, and experimental asthma in mice. Our study highlights 27a as an orally active, LCM-inspired drug candidate that limits inflammation with superior potency and metabolic stability to the endogenous lead.
MPEC 2023-W104 : 2023 WN2
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2023 WN2

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Rotopulsators of the curved N-body problem
Creators: name: Diacu, Florin
name: Kordlou, Shima
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We consider the N-body problem in spaces of constant curvature and study its rotopulsators, i.e.\ solutions for which the configuration of the bodies rotates and changes size during the motion. Rotopulsators fall naturally into five groups: positive elliptic, positive elliptic-elliptic, negative elliptic, negative hyperbolic, and negative elliptic-hyperbolic, depending on the nature and number of their rotations and on whether they occur in spaces of positive or negative curvature. After obtaining existence criteria for each type of rotopulsator, we derive their conservation laws. We further deal with the existence and uniqueness of some classes of rotopulsators in the 2- and 3-body case and prove two general results about the qualitative behaviour of rotopulsators. More precisely, for positive curvature we show that there is no foliation of the 3-sphere with Clifford tori such that the motion of each body is confined to some Clifford torus. For negative curvature, a similar result is proved relative to foliations of the hyperbolic 3-sphere with hyperbolic cylinders.
description: 50 pages, 2 figures
Analysis of an information-theoretic model for communication
Creators: name: Dickman, Ronald
name: Moloney, Nicholas R.
name: Altmann, Eduardo G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the cost-minimization problem posed by Ferrer i Cancho and Solé in their model of communication that aimed at explaining the origin of Zipf's law [PNAS 100, 788 (2003)]. Direct analysis shows that the minimum cost is $\min {λ, 1-λ}$, where $λ$ determines the relative weights of speaker's and hearer's costs in the total, as shown in several previous works using different approaches. The nature and multiplicity of the minimizing solution changes discontinuously at $λ=1/2$, being qualitatively different for $λ< 1/2$, $λ> 1/2$, and $λ=1/2$. Zipf's law is found only in a vanishing fraction of the minimum-cost solutions at $λ= 1/2$ and therefore is not explained by this model. Imposing the further condition of equal costs yields distributions substantially closer to Zipf's law, but significant differences persist. We also investigate the solutions reached by the previously used minimization algorithm and find that they correctly recover global minimum states at the transition.
description: 19 pages, 4 figures. Important references and new results added
Huge-scale Molecular Dynamics Simulation of Multibubble Nuclei
Creators: name: Watanabe, Hiroshi
name: Suzuki, Masaru
name: Ito, Nobuyasu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have developed molecular dynamics codes for a short-range interaction potential that adopt both the flat-MPI and MPI/OpenMP hybrid parallelizations on the basis of a full domain decomposition strategy. Benchmark simulations involving up to 38.4 billion Lennard-Jones particles were performed on PRIMEHPC FX10, consisting of 4800 SPARC64 IXfx 1.848 GHz processors, at the Information Technology Center of the University of Tokyo, and a performance of 193 teraflops was achieved, which corresponds to a 17.0% execution efficiency. Cavitation processes were also simulated on PRIMEHPC FX10 and SGI Altix ICE 8400EX at the Institute of Solid State Physics of the University of Tokyo, which involved 1.45 billion and 22.9 million particles, respectively. Ostwald-like ripening was observed after the multibubble nuclei. Our results demonstrate that direct simulations of multiscale phenomena involving phase transitions from the atomic scale are possible and that the molecular dynamics method is a promising method that can be applied to petascale computers.
description: 16 pages and 11 figures. New results are added
A sub-determinant approach for pseudo-orbit expansions of spectral determinants in quantum maps and quantum graphs
Creators: name: Waltner, Daniel
name: Gnutzmann, Sven
name: Tanner, Gregor
name: Richter, Klaus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study implications of unitarity for pseudo-orbit expansions of the spectral determinants of quantum maps and quantum graphs. In particular, we advocate to group pseudo-orbits into sub-determinants. We show explicitly that the cancellation of long orbits is elegantly described on this level and that unitarity can be built in using a simple sub-determinant identity which has a non-trivial interpretation in terms of pseudo-orbits. This identity yields much more detailed relations between pseudo orbits of different length than known previously. We reformulate Newton identities and the spectral density in terms of sub-determinant expansions and point out the implications of the sub-determinant identity for these expressions. We analyse furthermore the effect of the identity on spectral correlation functions such as the auto-correlation and parametric cross correlation functions of the spectral determinant and the spectral form factor.
description: 25 pages, one figure
Cortex cis-regulatory switches establish scale colour identity and pattern diversity in Heliconius.
Creators: name: Livraghi, Luca
name: Hanly, Joseph J
name: Van Bellghem, Steven M
name: Montejo-Kovacevich, Gabriela
name: Van Der Heijden, Eva Sm
name: Loh, Ling Sheng
name: Ren, Anna
name: Warren, Ian A
name: Lewis, James J
name: Concha, Carolina
name: Hebberecht, Laura
name: Wright, Charlotte J
name: Walker, Jonah M
name: Foley, Jessica
name: Goldberg, Zachary H
name: Arenas-Castro, Henry
name: Salazar, Camilo
name: Perry, Michael W
name: Papa, Riccardo
name: Martin, Arnaud
name: McMillan, W Owen
name: Jiggins, Chris D
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Evolution
subject: developmental biology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cis-regulation
subject: Heliconius
subject: Atac-seq
subject: Wing Patterning
subject: Crisppr

description: In Heliconius butterflies, wing colour pattern diversity and scale types are controlled by a few genes of large effect that regulate colour pattern switches between morphs and species across a large mimetic radiation. One of these genes, cortex, has been repeatedly associated with colour pattern evolution in butterflies. Here we carried out CRISPR knockouts in multiple Heliconius species and show that cortex is a major determinant of scale cell identity. Chromatin accessibility profiling and introgression scans identified cis-regulatory regions associated with discrete phenotypic switches. CRISPR perturbation of these regions in black hindwing genotypes recreated a yellow bar, revealing their spatially limited activity. In the H. melpomene/timareta lineage, the candidate CRE from yellow-barred phenotype morphs is interrupted by a transposable element, suggesting that cis-regulatory structural variation underlies these mimetic adaptations. Our work shows that cortex functionally controls scale colour fate and that its cis-regulatory regions control a phenotypic switch in a modular and pattern-specific fashion.
Structural Evolution of Layered Manganese Oxysulfides during Reversible Electrochemical Lithium Insertion and Copper Extrusion.
Creators: name: Dey, Sunita
name: Zeng, Dongli
name: Adamson, Paul
name: Cabana, Jordi
name: Indris, Sylvio
name: Lu, Jingyu
name: Clarke, Simon J
name: Grey, Clare P
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021

description: The electrochemical lithiation and delithiation of the layered oxysulfide Sr2MnO2Cu4-δS3 has been investigated by using a combination of in situ powder X-ray diffraction and ex situ neutron powder diffraction, X-ray absorption and 7Li NMR spectroscopy, together with a range of electrochemical experiments. Sr2MnO2Cu4-δS3 consists of [Sr2MnO2] perovskite-type cationic layers alternating with highly defective antifluorite-type [Cu4-δS3] (δ ≈ 0.5) anionic layers. It undergoes a combined displacement/intercalation (CDI) mechanism on reaction with Li, where the inserted Li replaces Cu, forming Li4S3 slabs and Cu+ is reduced and extruded as metallic particles. For the initial 2-3% of the first discharge process, the vacant sites in the sulfide layer are filled by Li; Cu extrusion then accompanies further insertion of Li. Mn2.5+ is reduced to Mn2+ during the first half of the discharge. The overall charging process involves the removal of Li and re-insertion of Cu into the sulfide layers with re-oxidation of Mn2+ to Mn2.5+. However, due to the different diffusivities of Li and Cu, the processes operating on charge are quite different from those operating during the first discharge: charging to 2.75 V results in the removal of most of the Li, little reinsertion of Cu, and good capacity retention. A charge to 3.75 V is required to fully reinsert Cu, which results in significant changes to the sulfide sublattice during the following discharge and poor capacity retention. This detailed structure-property investigation will promote the design of new functional electrodes with improved device performance.
Toeplitz matrices and Toeplitz determinants under the impetus of the Ising model. Some history and some recent results
Creators: name: Deift, P.
name: Its, A.
name: Krasovsky, I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We review some history and some recent results concerning Toeplitz determinants and their applications. We discuss, in particular, the crucial role of the two-dimensional Ising model in stimulating the development of the theory of Toeplitz determinants.
description: 70 pages, with additions to the text
Structural Origins of Voltage Hysteresis in the Na-Ion Cathode P2-Na0.67[Mg0.28Mn0.72]O2: A Combined Spectroscopic and Density Functional Theory Study.
Creators: name: Bassey, Euan N
name: Reeves, Philip J
name: Jones, Michael A
name: Lee, Jeongjae
name: Seymour, Ieuan D
name: Cibin, Giannantonio
name: Grey, Clare P
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021

description: P2-layered sodium-ion battery (NIB) cathodes are a promising class of Na-ion electrode materials with high Na+ mobility and relatively high capacities. In this work, we report the structural changes that take place in P2-Na0.67[Mg0.28Mn0.72]O2. Using ex situ X-ray diffraction, Mn K-edge extended X-ray absorption fine structure, and 23Na NMR spectroscopy, we identify the bulk phase changes along the first electrochemical charge-discharge cycle-including the formation of a high-voltage "Z phase", an intergrowth of the OP4 and O2 phases. Our ab initio transition state searches reveal that reversible Mg2+ migration in the Z phase is both kinetically and thermodynamically favorable at high voltages. We propose that Mg2+ migration is a significant contributor to the observed voltage hysteresis in Na0.67[Mg0.28Mn0.72]O2 and identify qualitative changes in the Na+ ion mobility.
Imidazolium-modification enhances photocatalytic CO2 reduction on ZnSe quantum dots.
Creators: name: Sahm, Constantin D
name: Mates-Torres, Eric
name: Eliasson, Nora
name: Sokołowski, Kamil
name: Wagner, Andreas
name: Dalle, Kristian E
name: Huang, Zehuan
name: Scherman, Oren A
name: Hammarström, Leif
name: García-Melchor, Max
name: Reisner, Erwin
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021

description: Colloidal photocatalysts can utilize solar light for the conversion of CO2 to carbon-based fuels, but controlling the product selectivity for CO2 reduction remains challenging, in particular in aqueous solution. Here, we present an organic surface modification strategy to tune the product selectivity of colloidal ZnSe quantum dots (QDs) towards photocatalytic CO2 reduction even in the absence of transition metal co-catalysts. Besides H2, imidazolium-modified ZnSe QDs evolve up to 2.4 mmolCO gZnSe -1 (TONQD > 370) after 10 h of visible light irradiation (AM 1.5G, λ > 400 nm) in aqueous ascorbate solution with a CO-selectivity of up to 20%. This represents a four-fold increase in CO-formation yield and 13-fold increase in CO-selectivity compared to non-functionalized ZnSe QDs. The binding of the thiolated imidazolium ligand to the QD surface is characterized quantitatively using 1H-NMR spectroscopy and isothermal titration calorimetry, revealing that a subset of 12 to 17 ligands interacts strongly with the QDs. Transient absorption spectroscopy reveals an influence of the ligand on the intrinsic charge carrier dynamics through passivating Zn surface sites. Density functional theory calculations indicate that the imidazolium capping ligand plays a key role in stabilizing the surface-bound *CO2 - intermediate, increasing the yield and selectivity toward CO production. Overall, this work unveils a powerful tool of using organic capping ligands to modify the chemical environment on colloids, thus enabling control over the product selectivity within photocatalyzed CO2 reduction.
Reversible optical tuning of GeSbTe phase-change metasurface spectral filters for mid-wave infrared imaging.
Creators: name: Julian, Matthew N
name: Williams, Calum
name: Borg, Stephen
name: Bartram, Scott
name: Kim, Hyun Jung
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020

description: Tunable narrowband spectral filtering across arbitrary optical wavebands is highly desirable in a plethora of applications, from chemical sensing and hyperspectral imaging to infrared astronomy. Yet, the ability to reconfigure the optical properties, with full reversibility, of a solid-state large-area narrowband filter remains elusive. Existing solutions require either moving parts, have slow response times, or provide limited spectral coverage. Here, we demonstrate a 1-inch diameter continuously tunable, fully reversible, all-solid-state, narrowband phase-change metasurface filter based on a GeSbTe-225 (GST)-embedded plasmonic nanohole array. The passband of the presented device is ∼74nm with ∼70% transmittance and operates across the 3-5 µm thermal imaging waveband. Continuous, reconfigurable tuning is achieved by exploiting intermediate GST phases via optical switching with a single nanosecond laser pulse, and material stability is verified through multiple switching cycles. We further demonstrate multispectral thermal imaging in the mid-wave infrared using our active phase-change metasurfaces. Our results pave the way for highly functional, reduced power, compact hyperspectral imaging systems and customizable optical filters for real-world system integration.
Determination of intermediate state structures in the opening pathway of SARS-CoV-2 spike using cryo-electron microscopy.
Creators: name: Brotzakis, Z Faidon
name: Löhr, Thomas
name: Vendruscolo, Michele
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021

description: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the cause of COVID-19, a highly infectious disease that is severely affecting our society and welfare systems. In order to develop therapeutic interventions against this condition, one promising strategy is to target spike, the trimeric transmembrane glycoprotein that the virus uses to recognise and bind its host cells. Here we use a metainference cryo-electron microscopy approach to determine the opening pathway that brings spike from its inactive (closed) conformation to its active (open) one. The knowledge of the structures of the intermediate states of spike along this opening pathway enables us to identify a cryptic pocket that is not exposed in the open and closed states. These results underline the opportunities offered by the determination of the structures of the transient intermediate states populated during the dynamics of proteins to allow the therapeutic targeting of otherwise invisible cryptic binding sites.
The Gravitational Potential Near the Sun From SEGUE K-dwarf Kinematics
Creators: name: Zhang, Lan
name: Rix, Hans-Walter
name: van de Ven, Glenn
name: Bovy, Jo
name: Liu, Chao
name: Zhao, Gang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: To constrain the Galactic gravitational potential near the Sun ($\sim$1.5 kpc), we derive and model the spatial and velocity distribution for a sample of 9000 K-dwarfs that have spectra from SDSS/SEGUE, which yield radial velocities and abundances ([Fe/H] & [$α$/Fe]). We first derive the spatial density distribution for stars of three abundance-selected sub-populations by accounting for the survey's selection function. The vertical profile of these sub-populations are simple exponentials and their vertical dispersion profile is nearly isothermal. To model these data, we apply the `vertical' Jeans Equation, which relates the observable tracer number density and vertical velocity dispersion to the gravitational potential or vertical force. We explore a number of functional forms for the vertical force law, and fit the dispersion and density profiles of all abundance selected sub-populations simultaneously in the same potential, and explore all parameter co-variances using MCMC. Our fits constrain a disk {\it mass} scale height $\lesssim$ 300 pc and the total surface mass density to be $67 \pm 6 M_{\odot} {\rm pc^{-2}}$ at $|z| = 1.0$ kpc of which the contribution from all stars is $42 \pm 5 M_{\odot} {\rm pc^{-2}}$ (presuming a contribution from cold gas of $13 M_{\odot} {\rm pc^{-2}}$). We find significant constraints on the local dark matter density of $0.0065\pm0.0023 M_{\odot} {\rm pc^{-3}}$ ($0.25\pm0.09 {\rm GeV cm^{-3}} $). Together with recent experiments this firms up the best estimate of $0.0075\pm0.0021 M_{\odot} {\rm pc^{-3}}$ ($0.28\pm0.08 {\rm GeV cm^{-3}} $), consistent with global fits of approximately round dark matter halos to kinematic data in the outskirts of the Galaxy.
description: 46 pages, 13 figures, 1 table, accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journal
MPEC 2023-W105 : 2023 WO2
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2023 WO2

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Jaume Aurell, Martin Aurell, Montserrat Herrero (éd.), Le Sacré et la parole. Le serment au Moyen Âge, Paris (Classiques Garnier) 2018
Creators: name: Basdevant-Gaudemet, Brigitte
Publisher: name: Francia-Recensio
Year: 2019

description: Jaume Aurell, Martin Aurell, Montserrat Herrero (éd.), Le Sacré et la parole. Le serment au Moyen Âge, Paris (Classiques Garnier) 2018, 327 p., 12 ill. (Rencontres, 378. Civilisation médiévale, 34), ISBN 978-2-406-08034-3, EUR 32,00.
description: Francia-Recensio, 2019/3
Michele C. Ferrari, Klaus Herbers, Christiane Witthöft (Hg.), unter Mitarbeit von Harriet Ziegler und Steve Riedl, Europa 1215. Politik, Kultur und Literatur zur Zeit des IV. Laterankonzils, Wien, Köln, Weimar (Böhlau) 2018
Creators: name: Maleczek, Werner
Publisher: name: Francia-Recensio
Year: 2019

description: Michele C. Ferrari, Klaus Herbers, Christiane Witthöft (Hg.), unter Mitarbeit von Harriet Ziegler und Steve Riedl, Europa 1215. Politik, Kultur und Literatur zur Zeit des IV. Laterankonzils, Wien, Köln, Weimar (Böhlau) 2018, 319 S., 20 s/w, 10 farb. Abb. (Beihefte zum Archiv für Kulturgeschichte, 79), ISBN 978-3-412-50381-9, EUR 60,00.
description: Francia-Recensio, 2019/3
PI3K in T Cell Adhesion and Trafficking
Creators: name: Johansen, Kristoffer H.
name: Golec, Dominic P.
name: Thomsen, Julie H.
name: Schwartzberg, Pamela L.
name: Okkenhaug, Klaus
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: PI3K
subject: integrin
subject: LFA-1
subject: CD62L
subject: CCR7
subject: adhesion
subject: trafficking

description: PI3K signalling is required for activation, differentiation, and trafficking of T cells. PI3Kδ, the dominant PI3K isoform in T cells, has been extensively characterised using PI3Kδ mutant mouse models and PI3K inhibitors. Furthermore, characterisation of patients with Activated PI3K Delta Syndrome (APDS) and mouse models with hyperactive PI3Kδ have shed light on how increased PI3Kδ activity affects T cell functions. An important function of PI3Kδ is that it acts downstream of TCR stimulation to activate the major T cell integrin, LFA-1, which controls transendothelial migration of T cells as well as their interaction with antigen-presenting cells. PI3Kδ also suppresses the cell surface expression of CD62L and CCR7 which controls the migration of T cells across high endothelial venules in the lymph nodes and S1PR1 which controls lymph node egress. Therefore, PI3Kδ can control both entry and exit of T cells from lymph nodes as well as the recruitment to and retention of T cells within inflamed tissues. This review will focus on the regulation of adhesion receptors by PI3Kδ and how this contributes to T cell trafficking and localisation. These findings are relevant for our understanding of how PI3Kδ inhibitors may affect T cell redistribution and function.
Carola Föller, Königskinder. Erziehung am Hof Ludwigs IX. des Heiligen von Frankreich, Wien, Köln, Weimar (Böhlau) 2018
Creators: name: Rathmann-Lutz, Anja
Publisher: name: Francia-Recensio
Year: 2019

description: Carola Föller, Königskinder. Erziehung am Hof Ludwigs IX. des Heiligen von Frankreich, Wien, Köln, Weimar (Böhlau) 2018, 252 S. (Beihefte zum Archiv für Kulturgeschichte, 88), ISBN 978-3-412-50014-6, EUR 50,00.
description: Francia-Recensio, 2019/3
Chantal Senséby (dir.), L’écrit monastique dans l’espace ligérien (Xe–XIIIe siècle). Singularité, interférences et transferts documentaires, Rennes (Presses universitaires de Rennes) 2018
Creators: name: Brunner, Thomas
Publisher: name: Francia-Recensio
Year: 2019

description: Chantal Senséby (dir.), L’écrit monastique dans l’espace ligérien (Xe–XIIIe siècle). Singularité, interférences et transferts documentaires, Rennes (Presses universitaires de Rennes) 2018, 350 p. (Histoire), ISBN 978-2-7535-6512-8, EUR 25,00.
description: Francia-Recensio, 2019/3
Miikka Tamminen, Crusade Preaching and the Ideal Crusader, Turnhout (Brepols) 2018
Creators: name: Balard, Michel
Publisher: name: Francia-Recensio
Year: 2019

description: Miikka Tamminen, Crusade Preaching and the Ideal Crusader, Turnhout (Brepols) 2018, X–332 p. (Sermo: Studies on Patristic, Medieval, and Reformation Sermons and Preaching, 14), ISBN 978-2-503-57725-8, EUR 95,00.
description: Francia-Recensio, 2019/3
Laura J. Whatley (ed.), A Companion to Seals in the Middle Ages, Leiden (Brill Academic Publishers) 2019
Creators: name: Nielen, Marie-Adélaïde
Publisher: name: Francia-Recensio
Year: 2019

description: Laura J. Whatley (ed.), A Companion to Seals in the Middle Ages, Leiden (Brill Academic Publishers) 2019, VIII–415 p. (Reading Medieval Sources, 2), ISBN 978-90-04-39144-4, EUR 165,00.
description: Francia-Recensio, 2019/3
Primary functional brain connections associated with melancholic major depressive disorder and modulation by antidepressants
Creators: name: Ichikawa, Naho
name: Lisi, Giuseppe
name: Yahata, Noriaki
name: Okada, Go
name: Takamura, Masahiro
name: Hashimoto, Ryu-Ichiro
name: Yamada, Takashi
name: Yamada, Makiko
name: Suhara, Tetsuya
name: Moriguchi, Sho
name: Mimura, Masaru
name: Yoshihara, Yujiro
name: Takahashi, Hidehiko
name: Kasai, Kiyoto
name: Kato, Nobumasa
name: Yamawaki, Shigeto
name: Seymour, Ben
name: Kawato, Mitsuo
name: Morimoto, Jun
name: Okamoto, Yasumasa
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: Article
/692/53
/692/699/476/1414
/692/308/53
/631/378
article

description: Abstract: The limited efficacy of available antidepressant therapies may be due to how they affect the underlying brain network. The purpose of this study was to develop a melancholic MDD biomarker to identify critically important functional connections (FCs), and explore their association to treatments. Resting state fMRI data of 130 individuals (65 melancholic major depressive disorder (MDD) patients, 65 healthy controls) were included to build a melancholic MDD classifier, and 10 FCs were selected by our sparse machine learning algorithm. This biomarker generalized to a drug-free independent cohort of melancholic MDD, and did not generalize to other MDD subtypes or other psychiatric disorders. Moreover, we found that antidepressants had a heterogeneous effect on the identified FCs of 25 melancholic MDDs. In particular, it did impact the FC between left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC)/inferior frontal gyrus (IFG) and posterior cingulate cortex (PCC)/precuneus, ranked as the second ‘most important’ FC based on the biomarker weights, whilst other eight FCs were normalized. Given that left DLPFC has been proposed as an explicit target of depression treatments, this suggest that the limited efficacy of antidepressants might be compensated by combining therapies with targeted treatment as an optimized approach in the future.
Erika Münster-Schröer, Hexenverfolgung und Kriminalität. Jülich-Kleve-Berg in der Frühen Neuzeit, Essen (Klartext) 2017
Creators: name: Fuchs, Ralf-Peter
Publisher: name: Francia-Recensio
Year: 2019

description: Erika Münster-Schröer, Hexenverfolgung und Kriminalität. Jülich-Kleve-Berg in der Frühen Neuzeit, Essen (Klartext) 2017, 450 S., ISBN 978-3-8375-1881-8 , EUR 29,95.
description: Francia-Recensio, 2019/3
Gérard Nahon, Épigraphie et sotériologie. L’épitaphier des »Portugais« de Bordeaux (1728–1768), Turnhout (Brepols) 2018
Creators: name: Studemund-Halévy, Michael
Publisher: name: Francia-Recensio
Year: 2019

description: Gérard Nahon, Épigraphie et sotériologie. L’épitaphier des »Portugais« de Bordeaux (1728–1768), Turnhout (Brepols) 2018, 430 p., 59 ill. en n/b (Bibliothèque de l’École pratiques des hautes études – Sciences religieuses, 180), ISBN 978-2-503-51195-5, EUR 70,00.
description: Francia-Recensio, 2019/3
Structure of minimum-error quantum state discrimination
Creators: name: Bae, Joonwoo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Distinguishing different quantum states is a fundamental task having practical applications for information processing. Despite the efforts devoted so far, however, strategies for optimal discrimination are known only for specific examples. We here consider the problem of minimum-error quantum state discrimination where the average error is attempted to be minimized. We show the general structure of minimum-error state discrimination as well as useful properties to derive analytic solutions. Based on the general structure, we present a geometric formulation of the problem, which can be applied to cases where quantum state geometry is clear. We also introduce equivalent classes of sets of quantum states in terms of minimum-error discrimination: sets of quantum states in an equivalence class share the same guessing probability. In particular, for qubit states where the state geometry is found with the Bloch sphere, we illustrate that for an arbitrary set of qubit states, the minimum-error state discrimination with equal prior probabilities can be analytically solved, that is, optimal measurement and the guessing probability are explicitly obtained.
description: 35 pages
Hybrid-system approach to fault-tolerant quantum communication
Creators: name: Stephens, Ashley M.
name: Huang, Jingjing
name: Nemoto, Kae
name: Munro, William J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a layered hybrid-system approach to quantum communication that involves the distribution of a topological cluster state throughout a quantum network. Photon loss and other errors are suppressed by optical multiplexing and entanglement purification. The scheme is scalable to large distances, achieving an end-to-end rate of 1 kHz with around 50 qubits per node. We suggest a potentially suitable implementation of an individual node composed of erbium spins (single atom or ensemble) coupled via flux qubits to a microwave resonator, allowing for deterministic local gates, stable quantum memories, and emission of photons in the telecom regime.
description: 8 pages, 6 figures; revised, published version
Manuals Estudiants 3 Sessions Alfabetització digital crítica - Universitat de Barcelona x Institut Pedralbes
Creators: name: Jiménez Torras, Dídac
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2025
Subjects: classificationCode: 390307
subject: Teacher education and professional development of educators
classificationCode: 360502
subject: Computer gaming and animation

description: ENG: This group of resources is meant to be used by students (15–16 years) in three 1-hour sessions to learn media literacy. The teachers may look at these in addition to their instructions. The resources were made in 2024; they have been revised and iterated 3 times since.CAT: Aquest grup de recursos està pensat per ser utilitzat pels estudiants (3–4 ESO) en tres sessions d'1 hora per aprendre l'alfabetització digital crítica. Els professors poden mirar els documents a més de les seves instruccions. Els recursos es van fer l'any 2024; des d'aleshores s'han revisat i actualitzat 3 vegades.
Monika Seidl, Eva Flicker (ed.), Fashionable Queens. Body – Power – Gender, Bern, Berlin, Bruxelles et al. (Peter Lang) 2014
Creators: name: Helbing, Marie
Publisher: name: Francia-Recensio
Year: 2019

description: Monika Seidl, Eva Flicker (ed.), Fashionable Queens. Body – Power – Gender, Bern, Berlin, Bruxelles et al. (Peter Lang) 2014, 254 p., 57 fig. (Austrian Studies in English, 103), ISBN 978-3-631-64447-8, EUR 44,00.
description: Francia-Recensio, 2019/3
Symplectic Dolbeault Operators on Kähler Manifolds
Creators: name: Korman, Eric O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Symplectic Geometry (math.SG)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: For a Kähler Manifold $M$, the "symplectic Dolbeault operators" are defined using the symplectic spinors and associated Dirac operators, in complete analogy to how the usual Dolbeault operators, $\bar\partial$ and $\bar\partial^*$, arise from Dirac operators on the canonical complex spinors on $M$. We give special attention to two special classes of Kähler manifolds: Riemann surfaces and flag manifolds ($G/T$ for $G$ a simply-connected compact semisimple Lie group and $T$ a maximal torus). In the case of flag manifolds, we work with the Hermitian structure induced by the Killing form and a choice of positive roots (this is actually not a Kähler structure but is a Kähler with torsion (KT) structure). For Riemann surfaces the symplectic Dolbeault operators are elliptic and we compute their indices. In the case of flag manifolds, we will see that the representation theory of $G$ plays a role and that these operators can be used to distinguish (as Hermitian manifolds) between the flag manifolds corresponding to the Lie algebras $B_n$ and $C_n$. We give a thorough analysis of these operators on $\C P^1$ (the intersection of these classes of spaces), where the symplectic Dolbeault operators have an especially interesting structure.
description: 26 pages. This version fixes a mistake in the flag manifolds section. The final publication is available at http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10455-013-9369-x, erratum at http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10455-013-9384-y
Jane Whittle (ed.), Servants in Rural Europe. 1400–1900, Woodbridge (The Boydell Press) 2017
Creators: name: Sander-Faes, Stephan Karl
Publisher: name: Francia-Recensio
Year: 2019

description: Jane Whittle (ed.), Servants in Rural Europe. 1400–1900, Woodbridge (The Boydell Press) 2017, XIV–271 p. (People, Markets, Goods: Economies and Societies in History, 11), ISBN 978-1-78327-239-6, GBP 19,99.
description: Francia-Recensio, 2019/3
Wolfgang Manfred Egner, Protektion und Souveränität. Die Entwicklung imperialer Herrschaftsformen und Legitimationsfiguren im 19. Jahrhundert, Berlin (De Gruyter Oldenbourg) 2018
Creators: name: Horel, Catherine
Publisher: name: Francia-Recensio
Year: 2019

description: Wolfgang Manfred Egner, Protektion und Souveränität. Die Entwicklung imperialer Herrschaftsformen und Legitimationsfiguren im 19. Jahrhundert, Berlin (De Gruyter Oldenbourg) 2018, XII–467 S., 2 s/w Abb. (Studien zur Internationalen Geschichte, 43), ISBN 978-3-11-058389-2, EUR 54,95.
description: Francia-Recensio, 2019/3