cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Attosecond Ionization Time Delays in Strong-Field Physics
Creators: name: Ma, Yongzhe
name: Ni, Hongcheng
name: Wu, Jian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Electronic processes within atoms and molecules reside on the timescale of attoseconds. Recent advances in the laser-based pump-probe interrogation techniques have made possible the temporal resolution of ultrafast electronic processes on the attosecond timescale, including photoionization and tunneling ionization. These interrogation techniques include the attosecond streak camera, the reconstruction of attosecond beating by interference of two-photon transitions, and the attoclock. While the former two are usually employed to study photoionization processes, the latter is typically used to investigate tunneling ionization. In this Topical Review, we briefly overview these timing techniques towards an attosecond temporal resolution of ionization processes in atoms and molecules under intense laser fields. In particular, we review the backpropagation method, which is a novel hybrid quantum-classical approach towards full characterization of tunneling ionization dynamics. Continued advances in the interrogation techniques promise to pave the pathway towards the exploration of ever faster dynamical processes on an ever shorter timescale.
Super-oblique corrections and non-decoupling of supersymmetry breaking
Creators: name: Cheng, Hsin-Chia
name: Feng, Jonathan L.
name: Polonsky, Nir
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: If supersymmetric partners of the known particles have masses at the multi-TeV scale, they will not be directly discovered at planned future colliders and decouple from most observables. However, such superpartners also induce non-decoupling effects that break the supersymmetric equivalence of gauge boson couplings $g_i$ and gaugino couplings $h_i$ through supersymmetric analogues of the oblique corrections. Working within well-motivated theoretical frameworks, we find that multi-TeV scale supersymmetric particles produce deviations at the 1-10% level in the ratios $h_i/g_i$. Such effects allow one to bound the scale of kinematically inaccessible superpartners through precision measurements of processes involving the accessible superparticles. Alternatively, if all superpartners are found, significant deviations imply the existence of highly split exotic supermultiplets.
description: 18 pages, REVTeX, no figure
An Antiracist Research Framework: Principles, Challenges, and Recommendations for Dismantling Racism Through Research
Creators: name: Goings T.C.
name: Belgrave F.Z.
name: Evans C.B.R.
name: Mosavel M.
Publisher: name: University of Chicago Press
Year: 2023

description:
Researchers have been more successful at identifying racial and ethnic disparities than preventing and eliminating these disparities. Meeting the urgent need to increase equity requires a broad interdisciplinary paradigm shift to antiracist research. Antiracist research is an action-oriented paradigm that assumes that racism is maintained within institutions; seeks to dismantle racism using nonracist research methods; and requires that study findings are disseminated to, benefit, and empower the target population. The ultimate goal of antiracist research is to dismantle racism and achieve a just and equitable world. This paper defines antiracist research and explains how it can be used to dismantle the racism embedded in research practices. We offer a conceptual framework, including 10 foundational principles for understanding and practicing antiracist research. We also discuss challenges that antiracist researchers often encounter along the antiracist research lifecycle. We conclude by providing several practical recommendations for principal investigators, members of the research team, funders, and universities to consider as they conceptualize, implement, and evaluate their antiracist research activities. This article has the potential to help reduce inequities and disparities via an urgently needed paradigm shift in research.
Reflections From Academic Mothers of Young Children on Social Work Research and Education
Creators: name: Gurrola M.
name: Bright C.
name: Chang D.F.
name: Loomis A.
name: Hicks T.
name: Acquati C.
name: Strolin-Goltzman J.
name: Greenfield J.C.
name: Parekh R.
name: Valdovinos M.G.
name: Negi N.
name: Mogro-Wilson C.
name: Walton Q.L.
name: Goings T.C.
name: Windsor L.
Publisher: name: Routledge
Year: 2022

description:
The COVID-19 pandemic has had a profound societal impact with unprecedented impact on women’s labor force participation, including among academic mothers. Yet, persistent gendered and racialized inequities in academia remain structurally unaddressed, including in social work. We believe that as social work educators we are well-positioned to develop an academic culture that helps us refocus on what matters most; redefine excellence in teaching, service, and research; and make academic practice more equitable. To this end, we convened a group of social work academic mothers, representing various identities at teaching and research-intensive institutions, to offer collective perspectives and recommendations for structural change within the social work academy to buffer the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and exacerbating racial and gendered disparities.
Algebraic Bethe Ansatz for gl(2,1) Invariant 36-Vertex Models
Creators: name: Pfannmüller, Markus P.
name: Frahm, Holger
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Four dimensional irreducible representations of the superalgebra gl(2,1) carry a free parameter. We compute the spectra of the corresponding transfer matrices by means of the nested algebraic Bethe ansatz together with a generalized fusion procedure.
description: 13 pages, LaTeX, no figures
Anomalous Larmour Frequency Dependence of Proton Spin-Lattice Relaxation Time (T$_1$) in the Ferroelectric Glycine Phosphite
Creators: name: Kannan, R.
name: Ramesh, K. P.
name: Ramakrishna, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report here the results of $^1$H NMR spin-lattice relaxation time (T$_1$) studies in Glycine phosphite which is a ferroelectric below 224 K. The experiments have been carried out in the temperature range from 200 K to 419 K and at two Larmour frequencies of 11.40MHz and 23.56 MHz. We have noticed a Larmour frequency dependence on the high temperature side of the T$_1$ minimum >. A model is proposed based on the BPP theory to explain the observation.
description: 4 pages, 2 ps figs included, revtex format
Theory of NMR as a local probe for the electronic structure in the mixed state of the high-$T_c$ cuprates
Creators: name: Morr, Dirk K.
name: Wortis, Rachel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We argue that nuclear magnetic resonance experiments are a site-sensitive probe for the electronic spectrum in the mixed state of the high-$T_c$ cuprates. Within a spin-fermion model, we show that the Doppler-shifted electronic spectrum arising from the circulating supercurrent changes the low-frequency behavior of the imaginary part of the spin-susceptibility. For a hexagonal vortex lattice, we predict that these changes lead to {\it (a)} a unique dependence of the $^{63}$Cu spin lattice relaxation rate, $1/T_1$, on resonance frequency, and {\it (b)} a temperature dependence of $T_1$ which varies with frequency. We propose a nuclear quadrupole experiment to study the effects of a uniform supercurrent on the electronic structure and predict that $T_1$ varies with the direction of the supercurrent.
description: RevTex, 5 pages, 3 figures embedded in the text
OLIY TA`LIM MUASSASALARIDA TALABALARNI HUQUQ FANLARINI O`QITISHNING ZAMONAVIY METODIKASI
Creators: name: Turgunov, Muhammad Bobur
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Ushbu maqolada O`zbekiston Respublikasida oliy ta`lim muassasalarida talabalarni huquq fanlarini o`qitishning zamonaviy metodikasi bo`yicha olib borilayotgan ishlar, huquq fanlarini o`qitishning yangi texnologiyalari bo`yicha darslarni olib borish, talabalarni huquq fanlariga bo`lgan qiziqishlarini oshirish, ijtimoiy sohalarga oid fanlarni oliy ta`lim muassasalarining o`quv rejalariga kiritish bo`yicha takliflar yoritilgan.
Conditions for Viable Affleck-Dine Baryogenesis -- Implications for String Theories
Creators: name: Casas, J. A.
name: Gelmini, G. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine the conditions for a viable Affleck-Dine baryogenesis in supergravity (SUGRA) scenarios, finding surprisingly strong constraints on the type of SUGRA theory. These constraints are beautifully fulfilled by string-based SUGRA models provided that inflation is driven by a modulus (T) field.
description: 13 pp., LaTex file
Operator Product Expansion on a Fractal: The Short Chain Expansion for Polymer Networks
Creators: name: von Ferber, Christian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We prove to all orders of renormalized perturbative polymer field theory the existence of a short chain expansion applying to polymer solutions of long and short chains. For a general polymer network with long and short chains we show factorization of its partition sum by a short chain factor and a long chain factor in the short chain limit. This corresponds to an expansion for short distance along the fractal perimeter of the polymer chains connecting the vertices and is related to a large mass expansion of field theory. The scaling of the second virial coefficient for bimodal solutions is explained. Our method also applies to the correlations of the multifractal measure of harmonic diffusion onto an absorbing polymer. We give a result for expanding these correlations for short distance along the fractal carrier of the measure.
description: 28 pages, revtex, 4 Postscript figures, 3 latex emlines pictures. Replacement eliminates conflict with a blob result
Functional Bosonization of Non-Relativistic Fermions in $(2+1)$ Dimensions
Creators: name: Barci, D. G.
name: Linhares, Cesar A.
name: Neto, J. F. Medeiros
name: de Queiroz, A. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the universality of the bosonization rules in non-relativistic fermionic systems in $(2+1)d$. We show that, in the case of linear fermionic dispersion relations, a general fermionic theory can be mapped into a gauge theory in such a way that the fermionic density maps into a magnetic flux and the fermionic current maps into a transverse electric field. These are universal rules in the sense that they remain valid whatever the interaction considered. We also show that these rules are universal in the case of non-linear dispersion relations provided we consider only density-density interactions. We apply the functional bosonization formalism to a non-relativistic and non-local massive Thirring-like model and evaluate the spectrum of collective excitations in several limits. In the large mass limit, we are able to exactly calculate this spectrum for arbitrary density-density and current-current interactions. We also analyze the massless case and show that it has no collective excitations for any density-density potential in the Gaussian approximation. Moreover, the presence of current interactions may induce a gapless mode with a linear dispersion relation.
description: 26 Pages, LaTeX, Final version to appear in International Journal of Modern Physics A
title: Facilitating Heterarchic Collaboration: Practice-led Research and the Promotion of Egalitarian Compositional Creativity
Creators: name: Murray, Sam
Publisher: name: Goldsmiths, University of London
Year: 2023

description: This thesis interrogates and creatively explores the author's professional collaborative practice as composer and musician, using an ethnomusicological approach layered with performance to establish a new interactive composition environment. The exploration of theoretical and observational principles from ethnomusicology and contemporary music technology discourse are used to give new form to the author's practice; a process explored through the demonstrative portfolio of works and their analysis. New knowledge is created by: 1.Deconstructing composition and performance paradigms (including the author's) using theatrical/ musical performance models 2.Interrogating the findings from point 1. from the angle of both researcher and subject 3.Using the findings to develop unique software (AMP) that utilises FMOD sound engine technology 4.Using AMP to create an interactive multi-user client-server network as an alternative/augmentation to the author's historic collaborative compositional approach; contributing new knowledge through the assimilation of modern gaming technology and collaborative composition and performance analysis This thesis explores the process, development, and experience from the angle of actor and originator of interactive apparatus. It is a new approach to the author's collaborative composition, and an ethnographic report on the processes involved in its development. Socio-musical networks of interaction from Peru and Cuba are examined from the perspective of performance and ethnomusicology; extrapolating directions to assist the author's artistic output through technology, and contribute to the academic understanding of culture-speci'c paradigms of musical creativity. The portfolio contains seven titled pieces, with each piece being presented through multiple variations. All titled pieces have been produced using AMP; illustrating the creative journey (through (auto)ethnographic observation) that harnesses modern gaming's recent focus on the exploration of terrain rather than winning.The works highlight the author's relationship with inter-personal, interactive music practice and explore how processes of musical creativity could be addressed in their professional environment, and in the wider context of musical interactivity discourse.
title: Depigmentation of Hair in Mice due to Tumour-Promoters and Other Chemicals
Creators: name: Aw, TC
Publisher: name: London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine
Year: 1980

description: Sixty-six compound including carcinogens, related compounds and non-carcinogens were dissolved in dimethyl sulphoxide or saline and injected intradermally into C57 Black male mice. Localised areas of depigmentation occurred with some chemicals . The effect was related to tumour-promotion with 56% of known tumour-promoters tested producing depigmentation compared with 24% of carcinogens and 17% of substances not known to be carcinogenic. Direct carcinogens ouch as alkylating agents which have both initiating and. tumour-promoting activity produced depigmentaion. Indirect carcinogens such as the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and aromatic amines which require metabolic activation were not active. Some compounds known to cause occupational leukoderma were active. Amongst the tumour-promoters, tetradecanoyl phorbol acetate (TBA). carbon dioxide snow and croton oil produced the most prominent depigmentation. The dose producing the effect in half the injected sites (i.e. ED50) was 0 .018 μg for TPA, 0.18 μg for nitrogen mustard and 101 μg for chloroform. Other tumour-promoters causing slight or moderate depigmentation included Tween 20, saccharin and dodecane. The promoters anthralin and phenobarbitone did not produce depigmentation when injected in tolerated doses. Histological examination and electron microscopy of depigmented areas showed loss of pigment in affected hair and a decrease in melanocytes at the hair bulbs. the latent period for depigmentation was usually between three to six weeks, but ground Crocidolite fibres produced depigmentation after sixteen weeks. Other forms of asbestos fibres caused no depigmentation. The depigmentation of hair might be developed as a short-term screening test for tumour-promotion
PROBLEMS ARISING DURING THE OPERATION OF GLYCOL DRYING UNITS
Creators: name: N.M. Makshaev
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: This article discusses the main stage of the gas preparation process. The problems arising during the operation of glycol drying plants are investigated. The work analyzes possible methods of dealing with complications. The main operational indicators of absorption gas drying installations are presented. The main causes of emerging operational problems are identified.
Controlling Umklapp scattering in bilayer graphene moir'e superlattice
Creators: name: Jat, Mohit Kumar
name: Mishra, Shubhankar
name: Mann, Harsimran Kaur
name: Bajaj, Robin
name: Watanabe, Kenji
name: Taniguchi, Takashi
name: Krishnamurthy, H. R.
name: Jain, Manish
name: Bid, Aveek
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this Letter, we present experimental findings on electron-electron scattering in a two-dimensional moir'e heterostructure with tunable Fermi wave vector, reciprocal lattice vector, and band gap. We achieve this in high-mobility aligned heterostructures of bilayer graphene (BLG) and hBN. Around half-filling, the primary contribution to the resistance of BLG/hBN aligned superlattices arises from electron-electron Umklapp (Uee) scattering, making the resistance of graphene/hBN moir'e devices significantly larger than that of non-aligned devices (where Uee is forbidden). We quantify the strength of the Uee scattering and find that it follows a universal scaling with Fermi energy and has a non-monotonic dependence on the charge carrier density. The Uee scattering is strongly electric field tunable and affected by layer-polarization of BLG. It has a strong particle-hole asymmetry - the resistance when the chemical potential is in the conduction band is significantly lesser than when it is in the valence band, making the electron-doped regime more practical for potential applications.
description: Comments and suggestion are welcome
Introduction: Discussing Film in Film Language
Creators: name: Lienhard, Alissa
Publisher: name: Hannover : Leibniz University Hannover, English Department
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::400 | Sprache, Linguistik::420 | Englisch

description: As a scholar of film, one can sometimes struggle with writing about film, as one never quite captures on paper what is seen on the screen. One way to overcome this problem is to find new ways to engage with films academically, for example by using film’s own language: sound and images. The seven video essays in this section stem from a class on “Videographic Criticism,” taught by Kathleen Loock in the summer term 2022.
Graded Parametric CutFEM and CutIGA for Elliptic Boundary Value Problems in Domains with Corners
Creators: name: Jonsson, Tobias
name: Larson, Mats G.
name: Larsson, Karl
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We develop a parametric cut finite element method for elliptic boundary value problems with corner singularities where we have weighted control of higher order derivatives of the solution to a neighborhood of a point at the boundary. Our approach is based on identification of a suitable mapping that grades the mesh towards the singularity. In particular, this mapping may be chosen without identifying the opening angle at the corner. We employ cut finite elements together with Nitsche boundary conditions and stabilization in the vicinity of the boundary. We prove that the method is stable and convergent of optimal order in the energy norm and $L^2$ norm. This is achieved by mapping to the reference domain where we employ a structured mesh.
Higher-order topological superconductivity: possible realization in Fermi gases and Sr$_2$RuO$_4$
Creators: name: Wu, Zhigang
name: Yan, Zhongbo
name: Huang, Wen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose to realize second-order topological superconductivity in bilayer spin-polarized Fermi gas superfluids. We focus on systems with intralayer chiral $p$-wave pairing and with tunable interlayer hopping and interlayer interactions. Under appropriate circumstances, an interlayer even-parity $s$- or $d$-wave pairing may coexist with the intralayer $p$-wave. Our model supports localized Majorana zero modes not only at the corners of the system geometry, but also at the terminations of certain one-dimensional defects, such as lattice line defects and superfluid domain walls. We show how such topological phases and the Majorana zero modes therein can be manipulated in a multitude of ways by tuning the interlayer pairing and hopping. Generalized to spinful systems, we further propose that the putative $p$-wave superconductor Sr$_{2}$RuO$_{4}$, when subject to uniaxial strains, may also realize the desired topological phase.
description: 14 pages and 7 figures, including supplemental material. Published version
Cosmological constraints from abundance, weak-lensing and clustering of galaxy clusters: application to the SDSS
Creators: name: Fumagalli, Alessandra
name: Costanzi, Matteo
name: Saro, Alexandro
name: Castro, Tiago
name: Borgani, Stefano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: J.2
subject: 85A40

description: The clustering of galaxy clusters is a powerful cosmological tool, which can help to break degeneracies between parameters when combined with other cosmological observables. We aim to demonstrate its potential in constraining cosmological parameters and scaling relations when combined with cluster counts and weak lensing mass information, using as a case study the redMaPPer cluster catalog derived from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS). We extend the analysis of number counts and weak lensing signal performed by Costanzi et al. 2019a, with the addition of the real-space 2-point correlation function. We derive cosmological and scaling relation posteriors for all the possible combinations of the three observables to assess their constraining power, parameter degeneracies, and possible internal tensions. We find no evidence for tensions between the three data set analyzed. We demonstrate that the inclusion of the cluster clustering statistic can greatly enhance the constraining power of the sample thanks to its capability of breaking the $Ω_{\rm m} - σ_8$ degeneracy characteristic of cluster abundance studies. In particular, for a flat $Λ$CDM model with massive neutrinos, we obtain $Ω_{\rm m}=0.28 \pm 0.03$ and $σ_8 = 0.82 \pm 0.05$, a 33% and 50% improvement compared to the posteriors derived combining cluster abundance and weak lensing analyses. Our results are consistent with cosmological posteriors from other cluster surveys, as well as with Planck CMB results and DES-Y3 galaxy clustering and weak-lensing analysis.
description: 15 pages, 10 figures
Functional continuum regression
Creators: name: Zhou, Zhiyang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 62G08

description: Functional principal component regression (PCR) can fail to provide good prediction if the response is highly correlated with some excluded functional principal component(s). This situation is common since the construction of functional principal components never involves the response. Aiming at this shortcoming, we develop functional continuum regression (CR). The framework of functional CR includes, as special cases, both functional PCR and functional partial least squares (PLS). Functional CR is expected to own a better accuracy than functional PCR and functional PLS both in estimation and prediction; evidence for this is provided through simulation and numerical case studies. Also, we demonstrate the consistency of estimators given by functional CR.
Resolution criteria to avoid artificial clumping in Lagrangian hydrodynamic simulations with a multi-phase interstellar medium
Creators: name: Ploeckinger, Sylvia
name: Nobels, Folkert S. J.
name: Schaller, Matthieu
name: Schaye, Joop
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Large-scale cosmological galaxy formation simulations typically prevent gas in the interstellar medium (ISM) from cooling below $\approx 10^4$ K. This has been motivated by the inability to resolve the Jeans mass in molecular gas (>>$10^5\,\mathrm{M}_{\odot}$) which would result in undesired artificial clumping. We show that the classical Jeans criteria derived for Newtonian gravity are not applicable in the simulated ISM if the spacing of resolution elements representing the dense ISM is below the gravitational force softening length and gravity is therefore softened and not Newtonian. We re-derive the Jeans criteria for softened gravity in Lagrangian codes and use them to analyse gravitational instabilities at and below the hydrodynamical resolution limit for simulations with adaptive and constant gravitational softening lengths. In addition, we define criteria for which a numerical runaway collapse of dense gas clumps can occur caused by over-smoothing of the hydrodynamical properties relative to the gravitational force resolution. This effect is illustrated using simulations of isolated disk galaxies with the smoothed particle hydrodynamics code Swift. We also demonstrate how to avoid the formation of artificial clumps in gas and stars by adjusting the gravitational and hydrodynamical force resolutions.
description: 24 pages, 15 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS, smaller updates to match published version
Nonfactorizable soft gluons in nonleptonic heavy meson decays
Creators: name: Li, Hsiang-nan
name: Tseng, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We include nonfactorizable soft gluon corrections into the perturbative QCD formalism for exclusive nonleptonic heavy meson decays, which combines factorization theorems and effective field theory. These corrections are classified according to their color structures, and exponentiated separately to complete the Sudakov resummation up to next-to-leading logarithms. The nonfactorizable contributions in nonleptonic decays are clearly identified in our formalism, and found to be positive for bottom decays and negative for charm decays. Our analysis confirms that the large-$N_c$ approximaton is applicable to charm decays, but not to bottom decays, consistent with the phenomenological implications of experimental data. The comparision of our predictions with those from QCD sum rules is also made.
description: 21 pages, LaTeX
Optimizing the random search of a finite-lived target by a Lévy flight
Creators: name: Boyer, Denis
name: Mercado-Vásquez, Gabriel
name: Majumdar, Satya N.
name: Schehr, Grégory
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In many random search processes of interest in chemistry, biology or during rescue operations, an entity must find a specific target site before the latter becomes inactive, no longer available for reaction or lost. We present exact results on a minimal model system, a one-dimensional searcher performing a discrete time random walk or Lévy flight. In contrast with the case of a permanent target, the capture probability and the conditional mean first passage time can be optimized. The optimal Lévy index takes a non-trivial value, even in the long lifetime limit, and exhibits an abrupt transition as the initial distance to the target is varied. Depending on the target lifetime, this transition is discontinuous or continuous, separated by a non-conventional tricritical point. These results pave the way to the optimization of search processes under time constraints.
description: Supplementary material can be found at the end of the main document
NEW INFORMATION ABOUT THE FAMILY  OF ATAMAN OF THE FREE COSSACKS N.I. ASHINOVA  (BASED ON ARCHIVED MATERIALS)
Creators: name: S.A. Ashinov
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: The article presents some previously unknown archival documents about the family of the organizer and leader of the First Spiritual Mission to Abyssinia in the late 80s of the 19th century, ataman of the free Cossacks Nikolai Ivanovich Ashinov.
THE FACTORS AFFECTING EMPLOYEE ENGAGEMENT AT COMMERCIAL ENTERPRISES IN HANOI
Creators: name: HOANG THANH TUNG
name: NGUYEN THI VAN ANH
name: VU THI LE GIANG
name: MAI ANH VU
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025
Subjects: Engagement; Satisfaction; Factors; Satisfied; Employees; Enterprises; Commercial.

description: Abstract

Objective: This research aims to identify and evaluate factors affecting employee-enterprise engagement at commercial enterprises in Hanoi. Theoretical Framework: Inheriting and selecting several theoretical bases and researching factor scales of previous studies such as Porter et al. (1974), and Schaufeli et al. (2002) with adjustments to suit the research objectives, specific characteristics of commercial enterprises Method: The methodology was designed based on a combination of factors measuring the level of willingness of employees to stick with the enterprises. The factors included in the research are “employees’ income,"  “working environment and conditions," "relationships,"  “job performance evaluation," and “training and advancement opportunities.” The research subjects are employees and grassroots managers working at some commercial enterprises that have headquarters and business operations in Hanoi. The research team conducted a survey, collected 237 people's opinions, and used the analysis software SMARTPLS to analyze the data received. Results and Discussion:  The results have shown that all 5 factors affected employee engagement with enterprises, but they were concerned at different levels. Research Implications: Analyzing and evaluating these factors can suggest effective solutions to address resignation and job abandonment. Value: The study have proposed five feasible solutions related to the influencing factors so that businesses can increase employee engagement with the business.
Boundary-weighted Domain Adaptive Neural Network for Prostate MR Image Segmentation
Creators: name: Zhu, Qikui
name: Du, Bo
name: Yan, Pingkun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Accurate segmentation of the prostate from magnetic resonance (MR) images provides useful information for prostate cancer diagnosis and treatment. However, automated prostate segmentation from 3D MR images still faces several challenges. For instance, a lack of clear edge between the prostate and other anatomical structures makes it challenging to accurately extract the boundaries. The complex background texture and large variation in size, shape and intensity distribution of the prostate itself make segmentation even further complicated. With deep learning, especially convolutional neural networks (CNNs), emerging as commonly used methods for medical image segmentation, the difficulty in obtaining large number of annotated medical images for training CNNs has become much more pronounced that ever before. Since large-scale dataset is one of the critical components for the success of deep learning, lack of sufficient training data makes it difficult to fully train complex CNNs. To tackle the above challenges, in this paper, we propose a boundary-weighted domain adaptive neural network (BOWDA-Net). To make the network more sensitive to the boundaries during segmentation, a boundary-weighted segmentation loss (BWL) is proposed. Furthermore, an advanced boundary-weighted transfer leaning approach is introduced to address the problem of small medical imaging datasets. We evaluate our proposed model on the publicly available MICCAI 2012 Prostate MR Image Segmentation (PROMISE12) challenge dataset. Our experimental results demonstrate that the proposed model is more sensitive to boundary information and outperformed other state-of-the-art methods.
Calestous Juma - Bibliography from CALESTOUS JUMA
Creators: name: Clark, Norman G.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biotechnology

description: Until his untimely death in December 2017 Professor Calestous Juma was an internationally-recognized authority and leader in the application of science, engineering and innovation to sustainable development in developing and developed countries. His continuing original work focused on analysing the co-evolution of technological innovation and institutional change in socio-economic systems. He ran programmes that advanced science, technology and innovation policy research, especially biotechnology, provided high-level science and technology advice and promoted the conservation of biological diversity. Juma was a Kenyan national and US permanent resident.
Krawtchouk polynomials and quadratic semi-regular sequences
Creators: name: Kousidis, Stavros
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We derive lower und upper bounds for the degree of regularity of an overdetermined, zero-dimensional and homogeneous quadratic semi-regular system of polynomial equations. The analysis is based on the interpretation of the associated Hilbert series as the truncation of the generating function of values of a certain family of orthogonal polynomials, the Krawtchouk polynomials.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures; corrected typos, indices, numerical values; added references and clarifications
John Marion Thoday - Bibliography from JOHN MARION THODAY 30 AUGUST 1916 — 25 AUGUST 2008 ELECTED FRS 18 MARCH 1965
Creators: name: MacDonald, D. W.
name: Thompson, J. N.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Professor John M. Thoday, ScD, FRS, was Arthur Balfour Professor of Genetics at the University of Cambridge from 1959 until 1983. In that position, he was influential in establishing genetics as an integral part of the undergraduate programme in biology at Cambridge, and he developed an active research programme that explored genetic processes underlying quantitative genetic traits, natural selection in sympatric populations and genetic variation in human and other populations. In more than 125 publications, he brought insightful attention to questions that had often been overlooked by others. Some of his most significant work explored the genetic basis of quantitative traits and thus pioneered approaches to understanding the mechanisms behind responses to selection. This helped set the stage to uncovering genes in the multiple-gene systems that determine polygenic characters in fields from medicine to agriculture. Other key work focused on disruptive, or diversifying, selection as a potential mechanism for populations to respond to adaptive challenges in nature. When his study of disruptive selection began, many in the field believed it was not even a possible process. In his many roles, John Thoday was a mentor who stimulated an open, respectful and intellectually rich academic environment for the Department of Genetics at Cambridge and for his field of creative activity.
Regularity of CR mappings between algebraic hypersurfaces
Creators: name: Baouendi, M. S.
name: Huang, Xiaojun
name: Rothschild, Linda Preiss
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 32

description: We prove that if $M$ and $M'$ are algebraic hypersurfaces in $ C^ N$, i.e. both defined by the vanishing of real polynomials, then any sufficiently smooth CR mapping with Jacobian not identically zero extends holomorphically provided the hypersurfaces are holomorphically nondegenerate . Conversely, we prove that holomorphic nondegeneracy is necessary for this property of CR mappings to hold. For the case of unequal dimensions, we also prove that if $M$ is an algebraic hypersurface in $ C^N$ which does not contain any complex variety of positive codimension and $M'$ is the sphere in $ C^{N+1 }$ , then extendability holds for all CR mappings with certain minimal a priori regularity. Theorem A. Let $M$ and $M'$ be two algebraic hypersurfaces in $C^N$ and assume that $M$ is connected and holomorphically nondegenerate. If $H$ is a smooth CR mapping from $M$ to $M'$ with $ Jac H \not\equiv 0$, where $Jac H$ is the Jacobian determinant of $H$, then $H$ extends holomorphically in an open neighborhood of $M$ in $ C^N$. A recent example given by Ebenfelt shows that the conclusion of Theorem A need not hold if $M$ is real analytic, but not algebraic. Theorem B. Let $M$ be a connected real analytic hypersurface in $C^N$ which is holomorphically degenerate at some point $p_1$. Let $p_0 \in M$ and suppose there exists a germ at $p_0$ of a smooth CR function on $M$ which does not extend holomorphically to any full neighborhood of $p_0$ in $C^N$. Then there exists a germ at $p_0$ of a smooth CR diffeomorphism from $M$ into itself, fixing $p_0$, which does not extend holomorphically to any neighborhood of $p_0$ in $C^N$. Theorem C. Let $M\subset C^N$ be an algebraic hypersurface. Assume that there is no nontrivial complex analytic variety contained in $M$ through $p_0 \in M$, and let $m=m_{p_0}$ be the D'Angelo type. If $H: M \to S^{2N+1}\subset C^{N+1}$ is a CR map of class $C^m$, where $S^{2N+1}$ denotes the boundary of the unit ball in $C^{N+1 }$, then $H$ admits a holomorphic extension in a neighborhood of $p_0$.
Sir Leslie Fowden FRS - Bibliography from SIR LESLIE FOWDEN 13 OCTOBER 1925 — 16 DECEMBER 2008 ELECTED FRS 1964
Creators: name: Fowden, Abigail L.
name: Anderson, John W.
name: Lea, Peter J.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Organic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: Professor Sir Leslie Fowden was an organic chemist and one of the most influential plant scientists of his generation. He pioneered the new field of phytochemistry and was the world authority on plant amino acids. He was distinguished for the identification, characterization and biological function of a new category of nitrogen containing molecules in plants, the non-protein amino acids. During his research career, he isolated at least 50 of these compounds from a wide range of different plant genera and established their structural diversity, metabolic and toxic functions, and their scientific significance. In achieving this, he developed novel techniques for the rapid, quantitative separation of compounds by chromatography and electrophoresis, which were widely adopted in other disciplines. As director of Rothamsted Experimental Station, he opened up new areas of research in plant biochemistry and molecular biology, and became an effective voice for the importance of agricultural research in the UK. He provided strategic leadership in the translational application of plant biochemistry to the agrichemical industry and to global crop resistance and production. His discoveries established the complexity and central role of plant nitrogen metabolism in plant growth and laid the foundations for current research in plant sciences aimed at improving both food security and the nutritional value of plants.
Random graphs with arbitrary degree distributions and their applications
Creators: name: Newman, M. E. J.
name: Strogatz, S. H.
name: Watts, D. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent work on the structure of social networks and the internet has focussed attention on graphs with distributions of vertex degree that are significantly different from the Poisson degree distributions that have been widely studied in the past. In this paper we develop in detail the theory of random graphs with arbitrary degree distributions. In addition to simple undirected, unipartite graphs, we examine the properties of directed and bipartite graphs. Among other results, we derive exact expressions for the position of the phase transition at which a giant component first forms, the mean component size, the size of the giant component if there is one, the mean number of vertices a certain distance away from a randomly chosen vertex, and the average vertex-vertex distance within a graph. We apply our theory to some real-world graphs, including the world-wide web and collaboration graphs of scientists and Fortune 1000 company directors. We demonstrate that in some cases random graphs with appropriate distributions of vertex degree predict with surprising accuracy the behavior of the real world, while in others there is a measurable discrepancy between theory and reality, perhaps indicating the presence of additional social structure in the network that is not captured by the random graph.
description: 19 pages, 11 figures, some new material added in this version along with minor updates and corrections
Field Correlations in Surface Plasmon Speckle
Creators: name: Foreman, Matthew R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work fluctuations in the electric field of surface plasmon polaritons undergoing random scattering on a rough metallic surface are considered. A rigorous closed form analytic expression is derived describing second order correlations in the resulting plasmon speckle pattern assuming statistically stationary and isotropic roughness. Partially coherent planar Schell-model source fields can also be described within the developed framework. Behaviour of the three-dimensional degree of cross polarisation and spectral degree of coherence is also discussed. Expressions derived take full account of dissipation in the metal with non-universal behaviour exhibited within the correlation length of the surface and source fields.
Critical properties of the one-dimensional spin-1/2 antiferromagnetic Heisenberg model in the presence of a uniform field
Creators: name: Fledderjohann, A
name: Gerhardt, C
name: Mutter, K H
name: Schmitt, A
name: Karbach, M
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the presence of a uniform field the one-dimensional spin-$\frac{1}{2}$ antiferromagnetic Heisenberg model develops zero frequency excitations at field-dependent 'soft mode' momenta. We determine three types of critical quantities, which we extract from the finite-size dependence of the lowest excitation energies, the singularities in the static structure factors and the infrared singularities in the dynamical structure factors at the soft mode momenta. We also compare our results with the predictions of conformal field theory.
description: 12 pages, REVTEX, 7 figures, submitted to Physical Review B
Vanuatu Literacy, Language and Teacher Training Survey
Creators: name: Franjieh, Michael
name: Clark, Emily
name: Grandison, Alexandra
name: Corbett, Greville
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: This document is the literacy, language and teacher training survey that was conducted with schools from the Merei, North Ambrym and Vatlongos language communities in Vanuatu in June/July 2023. The survey was conducted as part of the project on Sustainable Endangered Language Maintenance in the South Pacific, funded by the University of Surrey’s Economic and Social Research Council (ESRC) Impact Acceleration Account.
PUBLICATIONS: SIR LESLIE FOWDEN FRS from SIR LESLIE FOWDEN 13 OCTOBER 1925 — 16 DECEMBER 2008 ELECTED FRS 1964
Creators: name: Fowden, Abigail L.
name: Anderson, John W.
name: Lea, Peter J.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Organic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: Professor Sir Leslie Fowden was an organic chemist and one of the most influential plant scientists of his generation. He pioneered the new field of phytochemistry and was the world authority on plant amino acids. He was distinguished for the identification, characterization and biological function of a new category of nitrogen containing molecules in plants, the non-protein amino acids. During his research career, he isolated at least 50 of these compounds from a wide range of different plant genera and established their structural diversity, metabolic and toxic functions, and their scientific significance. In achieving this, he developed novel techniques for the rapid, quantitative separation of compounds by chromatography and electrophoresis, which were widely adopted in other disciplines. As director of Rothamsted Experimental Station, he opened up new areas of research in plant biochemistry and molecular biology, and became an effective voice for the importance of agricultural research in the UK. He provided strategic leadership in the translational application of plant biochemistry to the agrichemical industry and to global crop resistance and production. His discoveries established the complexity and central role of plant nitrogen metabolism in plant growth and laid the foundations for current research in plant sciences aimed at improving both food security and the nutritional value of plants.
Interface resistance in ferromagnet/superconductor junctions
Creators: name: Golubov, A. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Results of theoretical study of spin-polarized tunneling in ferromagnet/superconductor junctions are presented. Spin and charge currents are calculated as a function of applied voltage and spin polarization in a ferromagnet. The model takes into account the splitting of different spin subbands in a ferromagnet and impurity scattering in the contact. The excess resistance of an FS contact due to the charge-imbalance in a superconductor is calculated for the first time. The results have implications for spin-coupled magnetoresistance in ferromagnet/superconductor contacts and for measuring spin polarization in ferromagnets.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures, Proceedings of the 5th Twente Workshop on Digital Applications, Josephson Junctions and Sensors, to be published in Physica C