cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Auto- versus cross-correlation noise
Creators: name: Moskalets, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Expressing currents and their fluctuations at the terminals of a multi-probe conductor in terms of the wave functions of carriers injected into the Fermi sea provides new insight into the physics of electric currents. This approach helps us to identify two physically different contributions to shot noise. In the quantum coherent regime, when current is carried by non-overlapping wave-packets, the product of current fluctuations in different leads, the cross-correlation noise, is determined solely by the duration of the wave packet. In contrast, the square of the current fluctuations in one lead, the auto-correlation noise, is additionally determined by the coherence of the wave-packet, which is associated with the spread of the wave packet in energy. The two contributions can be addressed separately in the weak back-scattering regime, when the auto-correlation noise depends only on the coherence. Analysis of shot noise in terms of these contributions allows us, in particular, to predict that no individual travelling particles with a real wave function, such as Majorana fermions, can be created in the Fermi sea in a clean manner, that is, without accompanying electron-hole pairs.
description: v2: some statements were clarified, Fig.2 was added, one reference was added
Size Economies in Australian Agriculture
Creators: name: Vlastuin, Chris
name: Lawrence, Denis
name: Quiggin, John C.
name: Vlastuin, Chris
name: Lawrence, Denis
name: Quiggin, John C.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1982
Subjects: Agribusiness

description: Theoretical, conceptual and estimational issues relevant to economies of size studies are discussed in this paper. Some of the issues discussed are the effects of technological change on the position and shape of the average cost curve over time, the relationship between farm size and relative economic efficiency and frontier versus average estimation techniques. There is also a brief review of various measurement and specification problems. In addition, empirical estimates of the extent of size economies were derived from a flexible translog production function using ASIS data for the New South Wales Wheat/Sheep Zone for the years 1966-67, 1975-76 and 1976-77. Estimation of the production function revealed that, when the relatively fixed inputs of operator and family labour were excluded, the sample exhibited constant returns to scale. On the other hand, when operator and family labour were included, the cost curve exhibited the familiar L shape found in earlier agricultural studies.
Forward Modeling Helioseismic Signatures of One- and Two-cell Meridional Circulation
Creators: name: Stejko, Andrey M.
name: Kosovichev, Alexander G.
name: Pipin, Valery V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using a 3D global solver of the linearized Euler equations, we model acoustic oscillations over background velocity flow fields of single-cell meridional circulation with deep and shallow return flows as well as double-cell meridional circulation with strong and weak reversals. The velocities are generated using a mean-field hydrodynamic and dynamo model -- moving through the regimes with minimal parameter changes; counter-rotation near the base of the tachocline is induced by sign inversion of the non-diffusive action of turbulent Reynolds stresses ($Λ$-effect) due to the radial inhomogeneity of the Coriolis number. By mimicking the stochastic excitation of resonant modes in the convective interior, we simulate realization noise present in solar observations. Using deep-focusing to analyze differences in travel-time signatures between the four regimes, as well as comparing to solar observations, we show that current helioseismology techniques may offer important insights about the location and strength of the return flow, however, that it may not currently be possible to definitively distinguish between profiles of single-cell or double-cell meridional circulation.
IS THE DEMAND FOR AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION PERSONNEL DECLINING?
Creators: name: Peterson, Willis L.
name: Peterson, Willis L.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1991
Subjects: Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession

description: Demand functions for teaching, research and extension (TRE) personnel in seven administrative units of U.S. agricultural experiment stations are estimated from panel data, decennial observations, 1950 to 1987. The results suggest that the TRE staffing during the 1950s and 1960s was smaller than predicted but that the catching up process was in large part completed during the 1970s. Although there is no sign of an unexplained decrease in TRE demand during the 1980s, prospects of zero growth during the 1990s implies a substantial reduction in replacement demand for new Ph.Ds compared to earlier times. Zero growth has implications for the design of Ph.D programs since the majority of future graduates will find employment outside of experiment stations and associated colleges.
Search for new light particles at ILC main beam dump
Creators: name: Sakaki, Yasuhito
name: Ueda, Daiki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We perform a feasibility study of a beam dump experiment at the International Linear Collider (ILC). To investigate the sensitivity to new light particles at the experiment, we consider models for axion-like particles (ALPs) and a light scalar particle coupled to charged leptons. For both models, we show that the detection sensitivity is almost an order of magnitude higher than other beam dump experiments in the small coupling region. For ALPs, it is shown that the ILC beam dump experiment is highly complementary to bounds from astrophysics. In addition, for the model of the scalar particle, the region favored by the muon $g-2$ experiment can be explored.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures. Figures and text improved
Learning when to breathe : performance as art and commodity in Opera Breve’s first season
Creators: name: Groberman, Michael Allan
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: This thesis documents the growth of Opera Breve, a new performing arts organization in Vancouver, over the course of the 1997-98 season. The time frame begins with the company's conception in a basement cafeteria, and ends with a meeting a week following the season's final curtain. This chronicle of a new performing arts company, a self-initiated project by artists and arts managers to provide themselves artistic and managerial opportunities, is an example of how individuals with a shared ideal try to organize themselves into a productive entity. The thesis critically examines the main elements of the producing organization: artistic direction, management, marketing, etc. It examines how the current artistic, social and economic atmosphere affords and prevents cultural development. Finally, the thesis draws conclusions and makes recommendations for Opera Breve and, by extension, other new arts organizations.
Vortex-chain phases in layered superconductors
Creators: name: Koshelev, A. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Layered superconductors in tilted magnetic field have a very rich spectrum of vortex lattice configurations. In the presence of in-plane magnetic field, a small c-axis field penetrates in the form of isolated vortex chains. The structure of a single chain is mainly determined by the ratio of the London [$λ$] and Josephson [$λ_{J}$] lengths, $α= λ/λ_{J}$. At large $α$ the chain is composed of tilted vortices [tilted chains] and at small $α$ it consists of a crossing array of Josephson vortices and pancake stacks [crossing chains]. We studied the chain structures at intermediate $α$'s and found two types of behavior. (I) In the range $0.4 < α< 0.5$ a c-axis field first penetrates in the form of pancake-stack chains located on Josephson vortices. Due to attractive coupling between deformed stacks, their density jumps from zero to a finite value. With further increase of the c-axis field the chain structure smoothly evolves into modulated tilted vortices and then transforms via a second-order phase transition, into the tilted straight vortices. (II) In the range $0.5 < α< 0.65$ a c-axis field first penetrates in the form of kinks creating kinked tilted vortices. With increasing the c-axis field this structure is replaced via a first-order phase transition by the strongly deformed crossing chain. This transition is accompanied by a large jump of pancake density. Further evolution of the chain structure is similar to the higher anisotropy scenario: it smoothly transforms back into the tilted straight vortices.
description: Accepted to Phys. Rev. B, 20 pages 12 figures, animation of chain structure is available in http://mti.msd.anl.gov/movies/Chains/Nl8al06Im.gif (gif, 441 KB)
The nature of the Milky Way's stellar halo revealed by the three integrals of motion
Creators: name: Carollo, Daniela
name: Chiba, Masashi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We developed a new selection method of halo stars in the phase-space distribution defined by the three integrals of motion in an axisymmetric Galactic potential, ($E$, $L_z$, $I_3$), where $I_3$ is the third integral of motion. The method is used to explore the general chemo-dynamical structure of the halo based on stellar samples from SDSS-SEGUE DR7 and DR16-APOGEE, matched with Gaia-DR2. We found, (a) halo stars can be separated from disk stars by selecting over (1) $0 < L_z < 1500$ \kpckms, $(2I_3)^{1/2} > 1000$ \kpckms (orbital angle $θ_{\rm orb}$ $>$ 15-20 deg), and $E < -1.5 \times 10^5$ km$^2$ s$^{-2}$, and (2) $L_z < 0$ \kpckms. These selection criteria are free from kinematical biases introduced by the simple high-velocity cuts adopted in recent literature; (b) the averaged, or {\it coarse-grained}, halo phased-space distribution shows a monotonic exponential decrease with increasing $E$ and $I_3$ like the Michie-Bodenheimer models; (c) the inner stellar halo described in \citet{carollo2007,carollo2010} is found to comprise a combination of Gaia Enceladus debris (GE; \citealt{helmi2018}), lowest-$E$ stars (likely in-situ stars), as well as metal-poor prograde stars missed by the high velocity cuts selection; (d) the very metal poor outer halo, ([Fe/H] $< -$2.2), exhibits both retrograde and prograde rotation, with an asymmetric $L_z$ distribution towards high retrograde motions, and larger $θ_{\rm orb}$ than those possessed by the GE dominated inner halo; (e) the Sgr dSph galaxy could induce a long-range dynamical effect on local halo stars. Implication for the formation of the stellar halo are also discussed.
description: 35 pages, 20 figures, some figures were misplaced in the previous version, now fixed
Theory of homotopes in application to mutually unbiased bases, harmonic analysis on graphs and perverse sheaves
Creators: name: Bondal, Alexey
name: Zhdanovskiy, Ilya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 16E35

description: The paper is the survey of the modern results and applications of the theory of homotopes. The notion of a well-tempered element in an associative algebra is introduced and it is proven that the category of representations of the homotope constructed by a well-tempered element is the heart of a suitably glued t-structure. Hochschild and global dimensions of the homotopes are calculated. The homotopes constructed by generalized Lapalce operators in Poincare groupoids of graphs are studied. It is shown that they are quotients of Temperley-Lieb algebras of general graphs. The perverse sheaves on a punctured disc and on a 2 dimensional sphere with a double point are identified with representations of suitable homotopes. Relations of the theory to orthogonal decompositions of sl(n, C) into the sum of Cartan subalgebras, to classifications of configurations of lines, to mutually unbiased bases, to quantum protocols, to generalized Hadamard matrices are discussed.
description: This text is in English. The first submitted version of the paper is in Russian
Quantum dimer models and effective Hamiltonians on the pyrochlore lattice
Creators: name: Moessner, R.
name: Sondhi, S. L.
name: Goerbig, M. O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study a large-N deformation of the S=1/2 pyrochlore Heisenberg antiferromagnet which leads to a soluble quantum dimer model at leading non-trivial order. In this limit, the ground state manifold -- while extensively degenerate -- breaks the inversion symmetry of the lattice, which implies a finite temperature Ising transition without translational symmetry breaking. At lower temperatures and further in the 1/N expansion, we discuss an effective Hamiltonian within the degenerate manifold, which has a transparent physical interpretation as representing dimer potential energies. We find mean-field ground states of the effective Hamiltonian which exhibit translational symmetry breaking. The entire scenario offers a new perspective on previous treatments of the SU(2) problem not controlled by a small parameter, in particular showing that a mean-field state considered previously encodes the physics of a maximally flippable dimer configuration. We also comment on the difficulties of extending our results to the SU(2) case, and note implications for classical dimer models.
description: 9 pages
Simulating the scalar field on the fuzzy sphere
Creators: name: Flores, Fernando Garcia
name: O'Connor, Denjoe
name: Martin, Xavier
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The properties of the phi^4 scalar field theory on a fuzzy sphere are studied numerically. The fuzzy sphere is a discretization of the sphere through matrices in which the symmetries of the space are preserved. This model presents three different phases: uniform and disordered phases, as in the usual commutative scalar field theory, and a non-uniform ordered phase related to UV-IR mixing like non-commutative effects. We have determined the coexistence lines between phases, their triple point and their scaling.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures, Proceedings for the XXIIIrd International Symposium on Lattice Field Theory
Nonlinear Schroedinger equation for a superfluid Bose gas from weak coupling to unitarity: Study of vortices
Creators: name: Adhikari, Sadhan K.
name: Salasnich, Luca
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce a nonlinear Schroedinger equation to describe the dynamics of a superfluid Bose gas in the crossover from the weak-coupling regime, where $a n^{1/3}\ll 1$ with $a$ the inter-atomic s-wave scattering length and $n$ the bosonic density, to the unitarity limit, where $a\to +\infty$. We call this equation the {unitarity Schroedinger equation} (USE). The zero-temperature bulk equation of state of this USE is parametrized by the Lee-Yang-Huang low-density expansion and Jastrow calculations at unitarity. With the help of the USE we study the profiles of quantized vortices and vortex-core radius in a uniform Bose gas. We also consider quantized vortices in a Bose gas under cylindrically-symmetric harmonic confinement and study their profile and chemical potential using the USE and compare the results with those obtained from the Gross-Pitaevskii-type equations valid in the weak-coupling limit. Finally, the USE is applied to calculate the breathing modes of the confined Bose gas as a function of the scattering length.
description: 10 pages, 15 figures
DM halo morphological types of MW-like galaxies in the TNG50 simulation: Simple, Twisted, or Stretched
Creators: name: Emami, Razieh
name: Genel, Shy
name: Hernquist, Lars
name: Alcock, Charles
name: Bose, Sownak
name: Weinberger, Rainer
name: Vogelsberger, Mark
name: Marinacci, Federico
name: Loeb, Abraham
name: Torrey, Paul
name: Forbes, John C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a comprehensive analysis of the shape of dark matter (DM) halos in a sample of 25 Milky Way-like galaxies in TNG50 simulation. Using an Enclosed Volume Iterative Method (EVIM), we infer an oblate-to-triaxial shape for the DM halo with the median $T \simeq 0.24 $. We group DM halos in 3 different categories. Simple halos (32% of population) establish principal axes whose ordering in magnitude does not change with radius and whose orientations are almost fixed throughout the halo. Twisted halos (32% of population), experience levels of gradual rotations throughout their radial profiles. Finally, stretched halos (36% of population) demonstrate a stretching in their principal axes lengths where the ordering of different eigenvalues change with radius. Subsequently, the halo experiences a "rotation" of $\sim$90 deg where the stretching occurs. Visualizing the 3D ellipsoid of each halo, for the first time, we report signs of re-orienting ellipsoid in twisted and stretched halos. We examine the impact of baryonic physics on DM halo shape through a comparison to dark matter only (DMO) simulations. This suggests a triaxial (prolate) halo. We analyze the impact of substructure on DM halo shape in both hydro and DMO simulations and confirm that their impacts are subdominant. We study the distribution of satellites in our sample. In simple and twisted halos, the angle of satellites' angular momentum with galaxy's angular momentum grows with radius. However, stretched halos show a flat distribution of angles. Overlaying our theoretical outcome on the observational results presented in the literature establishes a fair agreement.
description: 32 pages, 28 plots, Accepted for publication in ApJ
COMPARISON BETWEEN PARTICLE IMAGE VELOCIMETRY DATA AND COMPUTATIONAL FLUID DYNAMICS SIMULATIONS FOR AN IN-LINE SLOT AND TOOTH ROTOR-STATOR MIXER
Creators: name: Kim, Jung W.
Publisher: name: Digital Repository at the University of Maryland
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Chemical engineering
subject: FOS: Chemical engineering
subject: Computational Fluid Dynamics
subject: Mixing
subject: RANS simulation
subject: Rotor-Stator mixer

description: Rotor-stator mixers have a broad spectrum of applications in chemical, petrochemical and pharmaceutical processes since they produce the high shear fields for emulsification and dispersion processes. To assess device performance and quantify mixing and dispersion capabilities, analyzing the velocity field data due to the rotor-stator interactions is crucial. Experimental 2-D velocity data have previously been acquired using Particle Image Velocity (PIV) for an in-line IKA prototype mixer which contains single rows of 12 rotor teeth and 14 stator teeth. The working fluid was water in turbulent flow. In this thesis, the development and validation of a Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) model is reported along with the comparison between the CFD and PIV data. The CFD model geometry and mesh were developed within ANSYS Workbench with a fully transient sliding mesh 3-D RANS simulations performed with Fluent using the realizable k-ϵ turbulence model. To begin, the effect of mesh density and wall treatment were systematically tested to optimize the CFD simulation settings. With respect to post processing, the numerical data were sampled in a stator slot at 9 rotor tooth positions on a grid that closely mimicked that for PIV data acquisition. The comparisons were made for three different rotor speeds (10, 20, and 26 revolutions per second) but at the same volumetric throughput (1.3 liters per second).

The study of near-wall modelling options considered Non-Equilibrium Wall Functions (NEWF) and Enhanced Wall Treatment (EWT). Both produced similar results but EWT showed advantage in computational efficiency. In the mesh independence study, 3 mesh levels were created with approximately 2, 6, and 16 million cells. The study revealed that the mesh level with 6 million cells was sufficient to insure grid independence at reasonable accuracy. The CFD and PIV data compared favorably in many aspects. On average, CFD predicted the location of mixing layer and rotor tip vortices within 6.0% of the stator slot width compared to the PIV data. CFD also successfully identified 23 out of 27 (85.1%) mixing layer and rotor tip vortices captured by PIV. Differences were observed as well. The CFD simulations consistently yielded higher
Integrability of quantum chains: theory and applications to the spin-1/2 $XXZ$ chain
Creators: name: Klümper, Andreas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this contribution we review the theory of integrability of quantum systems in one spatial dimension. We introduce the basic concepts such as the Yang-Baxter equation, commuting currents, and the algebraic Bethe ansatz. Quite extensively we present the treatment of integrable quantum systems at finite temperature on the basis of a lattice path integral formulation and a suitable transfer matrix approach (quantum transfer matrix). The general method is carried out for the seminal model of the spin-1/2 $XXZ$ chain for which thermodynamic properties like specific heat, magnetic susceptibility and the finite temperature Drude weight of the thermal conductivity are derived.
Near Threshold Sediment Transport by a Forced Jet Impinging on a Mobile Sediment Bed
Creators: name: Corfman, Kyle
Publisher: name: Digital Repository at the University of Maryland
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Engineering
subject: Geomorphology
subject: Sedimentary geology
subject: Impinging Jet
subject: Sediment Transport
subject: Threshold
subject: Vortex Rings

description: Although sediment transport has been extensively studied in the past, flows

such as rotorcraft brownout with large-scale coherent structures call many of the

simplifying assumptions into question. The objective of this study is to develop

a model for the prediction of sediment removal, referred to as erosion, based on

independent measurements of the single-phase flow and the evolution of bedforms

on the surface of a mobile sediment bed. A series of phase-resolved particle image

velocimetry (PIV) flow measurements have been conducted to quantify the stress

induced by an acoustically forced impinging jet, analagous to tip-vortices within the

rotor wake. The threshold conditions for incipient particle motion are quantified

through a series of PIV measurements of the single-phase flow at conditions found

to produce quantifiable erosion of the surface. A force balance approach is used

to develop a model, following the theory presented by Bagnold (1966), to predict

the transport of sediment due to the stress above the theshold. A series of surface

elevation measurements are analyzed to quantify the removal of sediment, for the

evaluation of the predicted model. An additional series of PIV measurements are

performed on a prototype bedform, modeled after the observed bedforms, to quantify

the changes in the flow field caused by their developement. The proposed model is

shown to provide a better prediction of the observed erosion than classical sediment

transport models, especially for cases close to the threshold conditions. For higher

speed cases however, the model dramatically over predicts the observed erosion.

Several physcially-based explanations are provided for this kink in the trend.
Multi-time correlations in the positive-P, Q, and doubled phase-space representations
Creators: name: Deuar, Piotr
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A number of physically intuitive results for the calculation of multi-time correlations in phase-space representations of quantum mechanics are obtained. They relate time-dependent stochastic samples to multi-time observables, and rely on the presence of derivative-free operator identities. In particular, expressions for time-ordered normal-ordered observables in the positive-P distribution are derived which replace Heisenberg operators with the bare time-dependent stochastic variables, confirming extension of earlier such results for the Glauber-Sudarshan P. Analogous expressions are found for the anti-normal-ordered case of the doubled phase-space Q representation, along with conversion rules among doubled phase-space s-ordered representations. The latter are then shown to be readily exploited to further calculate anti-normal and mixed-ordered multi-time observables in the positive-P, Wigner, and doubled-Wigner representations. Which mixed-order observables are amenable and which are not is indicated, and explicit tallies are given up to 4th order. Overall, the theory of quantum multi-time observables in phase-space representations is extended, allowing non-perturbative treatment of many cases. The accuracy, usability, and scalability of the results to large systems is demonstrated using stochastic simulations of the unconventional photon blockade system and a related Bose-Hubbard chain. In addition, a robust but simple algorithm for integration of stochastic equations for phase-space samples is provided.
description: 20 pages+refs, 6 figures. Added an extensive appendix that describes in detail a robust algorithm for integrating stochastic trajectories generated by quantum phase-space methods. Introduction reworked and extended to connect to quantum information topics. Plus some other minor edits and additional connections to earlier work. Accepted version
Schmidt, Klaus, Szobries, Heinz: Gemeinden lernen einander kennen
Creators: name: Boeckler, Richard
Publisher: name: Ökumenische Rundschau
Year: 2025

description: Ökumenische Rundschau, Bd. 27 Nr. 2 (1978): Ökumenische Rundschau, Band 27, Heft 2
Engineering Geognosy of Warren County
Creators: name: Pigman, Jerry G.
name: Hopkins, Tommy C.
Publisher: name: Kentucky Transportation Center, University of Kentucky
Year: 1969
Subjects: subject: Transportation Engineering

description: Engineering soils and geologic maps are proving to be invaluable to engineers, industrial leaders, community planners, and administrators during the preliminary stages of planning and site selection. Quantitative engineering data on soils and geological formations, and the interpretation of these data, are important factors to consider in developing the best land-use plans and providing stable foundations for highways, buildings, and other structures, such as dams. Information of this type, when available, is being used by public and private organizations in planning urban development. Engineering soils and geologic maps can be used to great advantage in four major ways by planners and engineers to 1) make soil and geological recmmaissance surverys, 2) organize and check field surveys, 3) correlate performance with soil and geological types, and 4) locate construction material deposits.  Reorgnizing the need and demand for this type of information, the Research Division of the Kentucky Department of Highways has undertaken a pilot study to develop the engineering geognosy of a selected area in Kentucky. The area reported herein is located in the vicinity of Bowling Green.  This report discusses the engineering and geologic properties of unconsolidated surfical deposits and consolidated bedrock materials in Warren County, Kentucky. It is based on an interpretation of engineering test data retrieved and summarized from Kentucky Department of Highways' design and oonstruction plans for routes I 65, US 31 W, KY 67, and the Bowling Green-Owensboro Parkway and published geologic and soil reports (3, 5, 6, 7). Engineering soils and geologic maps and interpretations presented in this report should be viewed from a standpoint of rapidly providing generalized engineering and geologic information of the different soil and rock materials in the subject area. For important earthwork and foundation engineering purposes and for detailed and specific data, it is recommended that the soil and rock materials at a particular site be explored and tested thoroughly.
Self-Force with a Stochastic Component from Radiation Reaction of a Scalar Charge Moving in Curved Spacetime
Creators: name: Galley, Chad R.
name: Hu, B. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We give a quantum field theoretical derivation of the scalar Abraham-Lorentz-Dirac (ALD) equation and the self-force for a scalar charged particle interacting with a quantum scalar field in curved spacetime. We regularize the causal Green's function using a quasi-local expansion in the spirit of effective field theory and obtain a regular expression for the self-force. The scalar ALD equation obtained in this way for the classical motion of the particle checks with the equation obtained by Quinn earlier \cite{Quinn}. We further derive a scalar ALD-Langevin equation with a classical stochastic force accounting for the effect of quantum fluctuations in the field, which causes small fluctuations on the particle trajectory. This equation will be useful for the study of stochastic motion of charges under the influence of both quantum and classical noise sources, derived either self-consistently (as done here) or put in by hand (with warnings). We show the possibility of secular effects from such stochastic influences on the trajectory that may impact on the present calculations of gravitational waveform templates.
description: One appendix added, minor revisions, 20 pages, 2 figures; submitted to PRD
An Observational Pursuit for Population III Stars in a Ly_alpha Emitter at z=6.33 through HeII Emission
Creators: name: Nagao, Tohru
name: Motohara, Kentaro
name: Maiolino, Roberto
name: Marconi, Alessandro
name: Taniguchi, Yoshiaki
name: Aoki, Kentaro
name: Ajiki, Masaru
name: Shioya, Yasuhiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a very deep near-infrared spectroscopic observation of a strong Ly_alpha emitter at z=6.33, SDF J132440.6+273607, which we used to search for HeII 1640. This emission line is expected if the target hosts a significant number of population III stars. Even after 42 ksec of integration with the Subaru/OHS spectrograph, no emission-line features are detected in the JH band, which confirms that SDF J132440.6+273607 is neither an active galactic nucleus nor a low-$z$ emission-line object. We obtained a 2sigma upper-limit of 9.06e-18 ergs/s/cm^2 on the HeII 1640 emission line flux, which corresponds to a luminosity of 4.11e42 ergs/s. This upper-limit on the HeII 1640 luminosity implies that the upper limit on population III star-formation rate is in the range 4.9--41.2 M_sun/yr if population III stars suffer no mass loss, and in the range 1.8--13.2 M_sun/yr if strong mass loss is present. The non-detection of HeII in SDF J132440.6+273607 at z=6.33 may thus disfavor weak feedback models for population III stars.
description: 13 pages, 3 figures, to appear in The Astrophysical Journal Letters
The Ultra Luminous X-ray sources in the High Velocity System of NGC 1275
Creators: name: Gonzalez-Martin, O.
name: Fabian, A. C.
name: Sanders, J. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the results of a study of X-ray point sources coincident with the High Velocity System (HVS) projected in front of NGC 1275. A very deep X-ray image of the core of the Perseus cluster made with the Chandra Observatory has been used. We find a population of Ultra-Luminous X-ray sources (ULX; 7 sources with LX [0.5-7 keV] > 7x10^39 erg/s). As with the ULX populations in the Antennae and Cartwheel galaxies, those in the HVS are associated with a region of very active star formation. Several sources have possible optical counterparts found on HST images, although the X-ray brightest one does not. Absorbed power-law models fit the X-ray spectra, with most having a photon index between 2 and 3.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures, accepted by MNRAS
Continuous first order logic and local stability
Creators: name: Yaacov, Itaï Ben
name: Usvyatsov, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Logic (math.LO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We develop continuous first order logic, a variant of the logic described in \cite{Chang-Keisler:ContinuousModelTheory}. We show that this logic has the same power of expression as the framework of open Hausdorff cats, and as such extends Henson's logic for Banach space structures. We conclude with the development of local stability, for which this logic is particularly well-suited.
The hierarchy problem and fine-tuning in a decoupling approach to multi-scale effective potentials
Creators: name: Biondini, Simone
name: Boer, Daniël
name: Peeters, Ruud
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In many realizations of beyond the Standard Model theories, new massive particles are introduced, leading to a multi-scale system with widely separated energy scales. In this setting the Coleman-Weinberg effective potential, which describes the vacuum of the theory at the quantum level, has to be supplemented with a prescription to handle the hierarchy in mass scales. In any quantum field theory involving scalar fields and multiple, highly differing mass scales, it is in general not possible to choose a single renormalization scale that will remove all the large logarithms in the effective potential. In this paper, we focus on the so-called decoupling method, which freezes the effects of heavy particles on the renormalization group running of the light degrees of freedom at low energies. We study this for a simple two-scalar theory and find that, while the decoupling method leads to an acceptable and convergent effective potential, the method does not solve the fine-tuning problem that is inherent to the hierarchy problem of multi-scale theories. We also consider an alternative implementation of the decoupling approach, which gives different results for the shape of the potential, but still leads to similar conclusions on the amount of fine-tuning in the model. We suggest a way to avoid running into this fine-tuning problem by adopting a prescription on how to fix parameters in such decoupling approaches.
description: 20 pages, 7 figures
Brane Cosmology from Heterotic String Theory
Creators: name: Kuiroukidis, A.
name: Papadopoulos, D. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider brane cosmologies within the context of five-dimensional actions with O(a') higher curvature corrections. The actions are compatible with bulk string amplitude calculations from heterotic string theory. We find wrapped solutions that satisfy the field equations in an approximate but acceptable manner given their complexity, where the internal four-dimensional scale factor is naturally inflating, having an exponential De-Sitter form. The temporal dependence of the metric components is non-trivial so that this metric cannot be factored as in a conformally flat case. The effective Planck mass is finite and the brane solutions localize four-dimensional gravity, while the four-dimensional gravitational constant varies with time. The Hubble constant can be freely specified through the initial value of the scalar field, to conform with recent data.
description: 15 pages, 3 figures, LaTeX, Accepted for Publication in IJTP
THE SOCIAL VALUE OF PUBLIC INVESTMENT IN CANADIAN WHEAT BREEDING RESEARCH
Creators: name: Zentner, Robert P.
name: Peterson, Willis L.
name: Zentner, Robert P.
name: Peterson, Willis L.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1982
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries
Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies

description: The level and distribution of the social benefits from public investment in Canadian wheat breeding research and extension activities are examined for the period 1946 to 1979. In addition, average and marginal rates of return are calculated. The results reveal that society has benefited substantially from such public investments, with producers receiving the greatest share of the benefits.
Spectral decomposition of starbursts and AGNs in 5-8 micron Spitzer IRS spectra of local ULIRGs
Creators: name: Risaliti, E. Nardini G.
name: Salvati, M.
name: Sani, E.
name: Imanishi, M.
name: Marconi, A.
name: Maiolino, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an analysis of the 5-8 micron Spitzer-IRS spectra of a sample of 68 local Ultraluminous Infrared Galaxies (ULIRGs). Our diagnostic technique allows a clear separation of the active galactic nucleus (AGN) and starburst (SB) components in the observed mid-IR emission, and a simple analytic model provides a quantitative estimate of the AGN/starburst contribution to the bolometric luminosity. We show that AGNs are ~30 times brighter at 6 micron than starbursts with the same bolometric luminosity, so that even faint AGNs can be detected. Star formation events are confirmed as the dominant power source for extreme infrared activity, since ~85% of ULIRG luminosity arises from the SB component. Nonetheless an AGN is present in the majority (46/68) of our sources.
description: 5 Pages, 3 figures. MNRAS Letters, Accepted
A descriptive study of heel pressure ulcers : a pilot feasibility study
Creators: name: Topolnicky, Ruth Lillian
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Using a descriptive research design, a pilot feasibility study was designed to assess the feasibility of conducting a study of the norms of healing of pressure ulcers that occur on the heels of older adults. Such a study was considered necessary because it was the perception of this writer that the number of cases of heel pressure ulcers among older adults in residential care had risen to unprecedented levels. However, there was little data to support this impression as the actual prevalence of heel pressure ulcers in British Columbia and the Lower Mainland had not been reported in the research literature. An apparent increase in the prevalence of pressure ulcers at the heel is a significant clinical problem because little is known about the norms of their healing. This is problematic because healing outcomes could be optimized if clinical decision-making could be based on knowledge of the norms of pressure ulcer healing. Since pressure ulcer research is expensive and the number of older adults with heel pressure ulcers was unknown, it was necessary to assess the costs of conducting such a study and the number subjects who could be identified. Also assessed was the utility of a novel Image Digitization Program "Mouseyes" in measuring pressure ulcer healing. The study was conducted in the Simon Fraser Health Region between mid June and November 6 of 1998. A total of 23 subjects were identified and referred to the researcher. Fourteen were ineligible and a convenience sample of nine subjects were enrolled in the study. Two subjects were followed for a four month period in order that heel pressure ulcer healing could be described. Seven subjects were seen on a one time basis in order that the utility of the Mouseyes Program could be assessed. For all visits, the time required to assess pressure ulcer healing was described in order that estimates the personnel costs and logistics of conducting a larger study could be assessed. Study results suggest that "Mouseyes" is an acceptable instrument for measuring healing in heel pressure ulcers and that a larger study of the norms of heel pressure ulcer healing is feasible if sufficient funds are available to support personnel costs. Analysis of logistical problems encountered during the study suggest that a larger study is feasible if two full time research facilitators can be hired to recruit subjects and conduct the wound healing assessments. To obtain a large enough sample, the study would need to run over a 12 to 18 month period.
DAVLAT FUQAROLIK XIZMATIDA RAG'BATLANTIRISH TIZIMINI TAKOMILLASHTIRISH ISTIQBOLLARI
Creators: name: Jurayev, Alisher
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Jahon tajribasida davlat organlarida, davlat idoralarida bilimli, malakali, o’z ishining ustasi bo’lgan davlat xizmatchilarini xizmatda qolishini, ularni o’z xizmat vazifalarini sidqidildan bajarishini ta’minlash, davlat xizmatlarini ko’rsatishning eng yuqori pog’onaga chiqarish bilan bog’liq tendensiyalar amalga oshirilmoqda, zero davlatning funksiya vazifalari qanday tartibda amalga oshirilishi davlat xizmatchilariga bog’liq.  Davlat xizmatining bir turi bo’lgan davlat fuqarolik xizmatida rag’batlantirishda ham hozirgi kunda butun dunyo bo’ylab islohatlar amalga oshirilmoqda.
Optical and Infrared Non-detection of the z=10 Galaxy Behind Abell 1835
Creators: name: Smith, Graham P.
name: Sand, David J.
name: Egami, Eiichi
name: Stern, Daniel
name: Eisenhardt, Peter R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Gravitational lensing by massive galaxy clusters is a powerful tool for the discovery and study of high redshift galaxies, including those at z>=6 likely responsible for cosmic re-ionization. Pello et al. recently used this technique to discover a candidate gravitationally magnified galaxy at z=10 behind the massive cluster lens Abell 1835 (z=0.25). We present new Keck (LRIS) and Spitzer Space Telescope (IRAC) observations of the z=10 candidate (hereafter #1916) together with a re-analysis of archival optical and near-infrared imaging from the Hubble Space Telescope and VLT respectively. Our analysis therefore extends from the atmospheric cut-off at lambda_obs=0.35um out to lambda_obs=5um with Spitzer/IRAC. The z=10 galaxy is not detected in any of these data, including an independent reduction of Pello et al.'s discovery H- and K-band imaging. We conclude that there is no statistically reliable evidence for the existence of #1916. We also assess the implications of our results for ground-based near-infrared searches for gravitationally magnified galaxies at z>~7. The broad conclusion is that such experiments remain feasible, assuming that space-based optical and mid-infrared imaging are available to break the degeneracy with low redshift interlopers (e.g. z~2-3) when fitting spectral templates to the photometric data.
description: Published in ApJ, 636, 575-581
SUGGESTED PROCEDURES FOR ESTIMATING FARM MACHINERY COSTS FOR EXTENSION AUDIENCES
Creators: name: Lazarus, William F.
name: Selley, Roger A.
name: Lazarus, William F.
name: Selley, Roger A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2001
Subjects: Agricultural Finance
Farm Management

description: North Central Farm Machinery Task Force is a group of extension economists who evaluated alternative methods for estimating farm machinery costs and made recommendations for the development of extension materials. This paper describes the procedures agreed upon, and explains the rationale for the procedures chosen. The focus is on "typical" machinery costs for use in extension budgets and other analyses and examples. This paper also provides detailed documentation of the methods used in recent versions of the widely used Minnesota Farm Machinery Economic Cost Estimates publication (referred to below as "the Minnesota fact sheet"), focusing mainly on the 2000 version.
Genus expansion of open free energy in 2d topological gravity
Creators: name: Okuyama, Kazumi
name: Sakai, Kazuhiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study open topological gravity in two dimensions, or, the intersection theory on the moduli space of open Riemann surfaces initiated by Pandharipande, Solomon and Tessler. The open free energy, the generating function for the open intersection numbers, obeys the open KdV equations and Buryak's differential equation and is related by a formal Fourier transformation to the Baker-Akhiezer wave function of the KdV hierarchy. Using these properties we study the genus expansion of the free energy in detail. We construct explicitly the genus zero part of the free energy. We then formulate a method of computing higher genus corrections by solving Buryak's equation and obtain them up to high order. This method is much more efficient than our previous approach based on the saddle point calculation. Along the way we show that the higher genus corrections are polynomials in variables that are expressed in terms of genus zero quantities only, generalizing the constitutive relation of closed topological gravity.
description: 21 pages, v2: several references and explanations added, published version
LAND QUALITY AND PRICES
Creators: name: Peterson, Willis L.
name: Peterson, Willis L.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1984
Subjects: Land Economics/Use

description: The major objective of this paper is to develop a cross section land quality index for the United States that hopefully overcomes one of the problems inherent in the most common land quality index presently used. After adjusting agricultural land for quality, a cross section, quality constant, U.S. land price index also is constructed. Lastly the weights obtained in constructing the U.S. land quality index are utilized to construct an international cross section land quality index for the world.
A MICROECONOMIC APPROACH TO INDUCED INNOVATION
Creators: name: Binswanger, Hans P.
name: Binswanger, Hans P.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1974
Subjects: Institutional and Behavioral Economics

description: Invention possibilities are reformulated using research processes which have a cost and different implications for rates and biases of technical change. In the comparative static model a firm has the choice to build a plant of existing design or to improve it by research. The firm maximizes present value over the lifetime of the plant. Research costs and present value of capital and labor costs influence research mix and rate and bias to technical change. Controversies in the literature of induced innovation are discussed in terms of the model. A rise in labor costs does not necessarily lead to a more labor saving bias.