cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Molecular excitation in the Eagle nebula's fingers
Creators: name: Schuller, F.
name: Leurini, S.
name: Hieret, C.
name: Menten, K. M.
name: Philipp, S. D.
name: Guesten, R.
name: Schilke, P.
name: Nyman, L. -A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Context: The M16 nebula is a relatively nearby Hii region, powered by O stars from the open cluster NGC 6611, which borders to a Giant Molecular Cloud. Radiation from these hot stars has sculpted columns of dense obscuring material on a few arcmin scales. The interface between these pillars and the hot ionised medium provides a textbook example of a Photodissociation Region (PDR). Aims: To constrain the physical conditions of the atomic and molecular material with submillimeter spectroscopic observations. Methods: We used the APEX submillimeter telescope to map a ~3'x3' region in the CO J=3-2, 4-3 and 7-6 rotational lines, and a subregion in atomic carbon lines. We also observed C18O(3-2) and CO(7-6) with longer integrations on five peaks found in the CO(3-2) map. The large scale structure of the pillars is derived from the molecular lines' emission distribution. We estimate the magnitude of the velocity gradient at the tips of the pillars and use LVG modelling to constrain their densities and temperatures. Excitation temperatures and carbon column densities are derived from the atomic carbon lines. Results: The atomic carbon lines are optically thin and excitation temperatures are of order 60 K to 100 K, well consistent with observations of other Hii region-molecular cloud interfaces. We derive somewhat lower temperatures from the CO line ratios, of order 40 K. The Ci/CO ratio is around 0.1 at the fingers tips.
description: 4 pages, APEX A&A special issue, accepted
Performing with a Mobile Computer System for Vibraphone
Creators: name: Martin, Charles
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Sound (cs.SD)
subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: Audio and Speech Processing (eess.AS)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: H.5.5

description: This paper describes the development of an Apple iPhone based mobile computer system for vibraphone and its use in a series of the author's performance projects in 2011 and 2012. This artistic research was motivated by a desire to develop an alternative to laptop computers for the author's existing percussion and computer performance practice. The aims were to develop a light, compact and flexible system using mobile devices that would allow computer music to infiltrate solo and ensemble performance situations where it is difficult to use a laptop computer. The project began with a system that brought computer elements to Nordlig Vinter, a suite of percussion duos, using an iPhone, RjDj, Pure Data and a home-made pickup system. This process was documented with video recordings and analysed using ethnographic methods. The mobile computer music setup proved to be elegant and convenient in performance situations with very little time and space to set up, as well as in performance classes and workshops. The simple mobile system encouraged experimentation and the platforms used enabled sharing with a wider audience.
Dark matter searches at Belle II
Creators: name: Cunliffe, Samuel Thomas
Publisher: name: Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, DESY, Hamburg
Year: 2019

description: Blois 2019: 31st Rencontres de Blois on "Particle Physics and Cosmology", Blois 2019, Blois, Loire Valley, France, 2 Jun 2019 - 7 Jun 2019
Evaporation of a black hole off of a tense brane
Creators: name: Dai, De-Chang
name: Kaloper, Nemanja
name: Starkman, Glenn D.
name: Stojkovic, Dejan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate the gray-body factors for scalar, vector and graviton fields in the background of an exact black hole localized on a tensional 3-brane in a world with two large extra dimensions. Finite brane tension modifies the standard results for the case with of a black hole on a brane with negligible tension. For a black hole of a fixed mass, the power carried away into the bulk diminishes as the tension increases, because the effective Planck constant, and therefore entropy of a fixed mass black hole, increase. In this limit, the semiclassical description of black hole decay becomes more reliable.
description: a few typos corrected, accepted for publication in PRD
Ενοργάνωση μεταλλικής κλίμακας και αναγνώριση δυναμικών χαρακτηριστικών αυτής. Ανάπτυξη κατάλληλου μοντέλου ανάλυσης.:
Creators: name: Καρέτσου, Ιωάννα Αναστασίου
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2014
Subjects: Μεταλλική κλίμακα
Αναγνωριση δυναμικών χαρακτηριστικών
Μέθοδος ιδιομορφικών χρονοιστοριων επιτάχυνσης
Steel staircase
Dynamic identification of structures
Modal acceleration time-history method

description: Η παρούσα διπλωματική εργασία, του προγράμματος Αντισεισμικός σχεδιασμός Τεχνικών Έργων (ΑΣΤΕ), πραγματεύεται το θέμα της αναγνώρισης δυναμικών χαρακτηριστικών, μιας μεταλλικής κλίμακας, η οποία είναι πραγματική κατασκευή, μέσω ενόργανων μετρήσεων. Στην αρχή της διπλωματικής εργασίας, γίνεται μια αναφορά στις διάφορες αναλυτικό-πειραματικές μεθόδους, οι οποίες έχουν αναπτυχθεί για την εύρεση των δυναμικών χαρακτηριστικών συστημάτων. Στην συνέχεια γίνεται μία εκτενή αναφορά στην μέθοδο ιδιομορφικών χρονοϊστοριών επιταχύνσεων απόκρισης, η οποία είναι και η μέθοδος που χρησιμοποιήθηκε στην παρούσα διπλωματική. Ακολούθως παρατίθεται η μελέτη που έγινε για την εύρεση των δυναμικών χαρακτηριστικών της μεταλλικής κλίμακας, καθώς και τα αποτελέσματά της. Γίνεται ανάπτυξη της μεθόδου και σύγκριση των αποτελεσμάτων με τα δυναμικά χαρακτηριστικά που προέκυψαν μέσω αναλυτικού μοντέλου της κλίμακας, στο πρόγραμμα SAP2000. Στη συνέχεια εφαρμόζεται η μέθοδος σε διάφορα επίπεδα και χωρικά μοντέλα, και συγκρίνονται τα αποτελέσματά της με αυτά που προκύπτουν άμεσα από το πρόγραμμα SAP2000, ώστε να αξιολογηθεί η αποτελεσματικότητα της μεθόδου. Τέλος, από όλη την παραπάνω διαδικασία εξάγονται χρήσιμα συμπεράσματα για την χρησιμότητα της μεθόδου και τις εφαρμογές αυτής, στις κατασκευές ενός πολιτικού μηχανικού.
description: This master thesis, of postgraduate program, “Earthquake and seismic design of structures”, explores the subject of identification of characteristics of a steel staircase, through experimental measurements and analytical process. This structure is located at civil engineering department, of Aristotle University of Thessaloniki. At the start of this master thesis, there is a reference to the various analytical-experimental methods which have been developed for finding dynamic characteristics of various systems. Then, there is an extensive reference to the “Modal Acceleration Time Histories method”, which is the method used in this thesis. In the first stage, is presented the method used to find the dynamic characteristics of the metal scale, and its results. The results which emerged from the previous method, are compared to the results which directly came from the analysis program SAP2000. After that the thesis, investigates the application of the method in numerical examples of flat multistory buildings of reinforced concrete. Then the method is applied again to spatial 3-dimentional reinforced concrete structures. Finally, all the above procedure provides conclusions about the usefulness and applications of the method, at the constructions of a civil engineer.
The 2020 Global Stock Market Crash: Endogenous or Exogenous?
Creators: name: Song, Ruiqiang
name: Shu, Min
name: Zhu, Wei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Risk Management (q-fin.RM)
subject: General Economics (econ.GN)
subject: General Finance (q-fin.GN)
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: Starting on February 20, 2020, the global stock markets began to suffer the worst decline since the Great Recession in 2008, and the COVID-19 has been widely blamed on the stock market crashes. In this study, we applied the log-periodic power law singularity (LPPLS) methodology based on multilevel time series to unravel the underlying mechanisms of the 2020 global stock market crash by analyzing the trajectories of 10 major stock market indexes from both developed and emergent stock markets, including the S&P 500, DJIA, NASDAQ, FTSE, DAX, NIKKEI, CSI 300, HSI, BSESN, and BOVESPA. In order to effectively distinguish between endogenous crash and exogenous crash, we proposed using the LPPLS confidence indicator as a classification proxy. The results show that the apparent LPPLS bubble patterns of the super-exponential increase, corrected by the accelerating logarithm-periodic oscillations, have indeed presented in the price trajectories of the seven indexes: S&P 500, DJIA, NASDAQ, DAX, CSI 300, BSESN, and BOVESPA, indicating that the large positive bubbles have formed endogenously prior to the 2020 stock market crash, and the subsequent crashes for the seven indexes are endogenous, stemming from the increasingly systemic instability of the stock markets, while the well-known external shocks such as the COVID-19 pandemic etc. only acted as sparks during the 2020 global stock market crash. In contrast, the obvious signatures of the LPPLS model have not been observed in the price trajectories of the three remaining indexes: FTSE, NIKKEI, and HSI, signifying that the crashes in these three indexes are exogenous, stemming from external shocks. The novel classification method of crash types proposed in this study can also be used to analyze regime changes of any price trajectories in global financial markets.
description: 25 pages, 4 figures
Parity doubling from Weinberg sum rules
Creators: name: Andrianov, A. A.
name: Espriu, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the relation among slopes and intercepts of Regge trajectories for mesons of a given spin and different parities using large N_c arguments and the matching to perturbative QCD in the deep-Minkowski region. For spin-1 mesons of opposite parities we prove that: a) for large and increasing N_c, the scale Λ^{(V,A)} separating the resonance-dominated and the perturbative-saturated region in the channels V,A grows as \sqrt{N_c}; b) to satisfy the Weinberg sum rules the slopes of Regge trajectories for mesons of opposite parities must coincide; c) their intercepts may differ and their difference corresponds to the difference between Λ^V and Λ^A. Some arguments indicate that this difference should tend to zero as N_c\to\infty.
description: 4 pages
Control of quantum fluctuations for a Yukawa interaction in the Kaluza Klein picture
Creators: name: Alexandre, Jean
name: Farakos, Konstantinos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study a system of fermions interacting with a scalar field, in 4+1 dimensions where the 5th dimension is compactified, using an exact functional method, where quantum fluctuations are controlled by the amplitude of the bare fermion mass. The integration of our equationsleads to the properties of the dressed Yukawa coupling, that we study at one-loop so as to show the consistency of the approach. Beyond one loop, the non-perturbative aspect of the method gives us the possibility to derive the dynamical fermion mass. The result obtained is cut off independent and this derivation proposes an alternative to the Schwinger-Dyson approach.
description: extended discussion on the scalar effective potential
Trotter errors in digital adiabatic quantum simulation of quantum $\mathbb{Z}_2$ lattice gauge theory
Creators: name: Cui, Xiaopeng
name: Shi, Yu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Trotter decomposition is the basis of the digital quantum simulation. Asymmetric and symmetric decompositions are used in our GPU demonstration of the digital adiabatic quantum simulations of $2+1$ dimensional quantum $\mathbb{Z}_2$ lattice gauge theory. The actual errors in Trotter decompositions are investigated as functions of the coupling parameter and the number of Trotter substeps in each step of the variation of coupling parameter. The relative error of energy is shown to be closely related to the Trotter error usually defined defined in terms of the evolution operators. They are much smaller than the order-of-magnitude estimation. The error in the symmetric decomposition is much smaller than that in the asymmetric decomposition. The features of the Trotter errors obtained here are useful in the experimental implementation of digital quantum simulation and its numerical demonstration.
description: 20 pages
Flatness-based control of a single qubit gate
Creators: name: da Silva, P. S. Pereira
name: Rouchon, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: This work considers the open-loop control problem of steering a two level quantum system from an initial to a final condition. The model of this system evolves on the state space SU(2), having two inputs that correspond to the complex amplitude of a resonant laser field. A symmetry preserving flat output is constructed using a fully geometric construction and quaternion computations. Simulation results of this flatness-based open-loop control are provided.
description: Submitted to IEEE AC. Simulation code available at http://cas.ensmp.fr/~rouchon/publications/PR2007/CodeMatlabScilabQubit.zip
Relationship between mathematics anxiety and achievement in mathematics
Creators: name: Taylor, Gabriel E.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: This thesis investigated the findings of studies on the relationship between mathematics anxiety and mathematics achievement for elementary a n d secondary school students using meta-analysis. Twenty five studies which met a selection process established for this research, and 47 effect sizes representing 22,189 students, were analyzed. The results of the study indicated that there is a negative relationship between mathematics anxiety and mathematics achievement in the elementary and secondary school. Three homogeneous groups were identified with correlations -0.20, -0.32, a n d -0.43 respectively. However, there was no enough information to find out whether each of the group correlations were in the optimal arousal curve. Results were found to indicate that this negative relationship holds across grade level and appears to get stronger from primary to secondary school. Analysis of the studies indicated that there were no statistically significant differences in the mathematics anxiety-achievement relationship across gender. The average correlation for males was -0.26 and -0.25 for females. The study also found that the mathematics anxiety-mathematics achievement varies across ethnicity. For example the average correlation for Asian students was -0.14 and -0.32 for mixed (USA) students.
Mount Suhora high cadence photometric survey of T Tauri-type stars
Creators: name: Siwak, Michał
name: Dróżdż, Marek
name: Gut, Karol
name: Winiarski, Maciej
name: Ogłoza, Waldemar
name: Stachowski, Grzegorz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Results of high-cadence multi-colour observations of 121 pre-main sequence stars available from the northern hemisphere are presented. The aim of this survey was to detect transit-like signatures caused by occultation of these young stars and their accretion-induced hot spots by close-in planets and/or dusty clumps. Although none planetary transits were detected, our data allow to determine rotational periods for some T Tauri stars, characterise accretion processes operating in classical T Tauri-type stars in time scales ranging from a few minutes to days, as well as the large-scale dips caused by dusty warped discs.
Extinction Rates for Fluctuation-Induced Metastabilities : A Real-Space WKB Approach
Creators: name: Kessler, David A.
name: Shnerb, Nadav M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: The extinction of a single species due to demographic stochasticity is analyzed. The discrete nature of the individual agents and the Poissonian noise related to the birth-death processes result in local extinction of a metastable population, as the system hits the absorbing state. The Fokker-Planck formulation of that problem fails to capture the statistics of large deviations from the metastable state, while approximations appropriate close to the absorbing state become, in general, invalid as the population becomes large. To connect these two regimes, a master equation based on a real space WKB method is presented, and is shown to yield an excellent approximation for the decay rate and the extreme events statistics all the way down to the absorbing state. The details of the underlying microscopic process, smeared out in a mean field treatment, are shown to be crucial for an exact determination of the extinction exponent. This general scheme is shown to reproduce the known results in the field, to yield new corollaries and to fit quite precisely the numerical solutions. Moreover it allows for systematic improvement via a series expansion where the small parameter is the inverse of the number of individuals in the metastable state.
Microplastics on the coasts of San Cristobal, Galapagos: a threat to the archipelago
Creators: name: Basurto Alcívar, Darwin Jesús
name: Chavarría Peñarrieta, Marcos Alejandro
name: Pincay Cantos, María Fernanda
name: Calderón Pincay, José Manuel
Publisher: name: Visions for Sustainability
Year: 2024

description: This study aimed to evaluate the presence and characteristics of microplastics on Mann, Lobos, Puta Carola, and Puerto Chino beaches. Water and sand samples were collected and analyzed for microplastic particles, considering factors such as size, color, and type. Each sampling point was meticulously georeferenced to track distribution patterns. Microplastics were extracted using a flotation process and identified using a stereomicroscope. The analysis confirmed the presence of microplastics on Puerto Chino beach, with the highest concentrations observed in the sand. Particles smaller than 1mm and 2mm were the most abundant, and blue was the predominant color. These findings shed light on the microplastic contamination in the Galapagos Islands, underscoring the urgent need for further research and mitigation strategies. Raising public awareness and implementing responsible waste management practices are critical steps towards protecting the delicate Galapagos ecosystem from the detrimental effects of microplastic pollution.
description: Visions for Sustainability, NEW Visions online
A learning model based on the promotion of sustainable entrepreneurship in higher education
Creators: name: Librado-Gonzalez, Moises
name: Ramirez-Angulo, Natanael
name: Osorio-Novela, German
Publisher: name: Visions for Sustainability
Year: 2024

description: The teaching of sustainability has become increasingly important in higher education. However, some approaches focus only on the environmental aspects, neglecting the social and economic dimensions. The aim of this paper is to describe the learning outcomes of an Action Plan, which aims to raise awareness and improve students’ understanding of the SDGs as environmentally and socially responsible practices. We conducted a qualitative analysis of the Challenge-Based Model methodology with more than 1,000 university students in Mexico. Using a modern methodology that immerses students in real-life scenarios, significant results were achieved on SDGs related to the environment (SDG 13), clean water and sanitation (SDG 6), ocean conservation (SDG 14), and affordable and clean energy (SDG 7). The aim is to empower and guide university youth to become catalysts for change in their communities. Participation has led to significant progress in promoting sustainability among young students. Those who participated in the Earth Day Rally and the Sustainable Entrepreneurship and SDG Bootcamp events expressed that these experiences helped them develop entrepreneurial skills, participatory and transformative leadership, creativity, initiative, communication and teamwork. In addition, 63% said they had improved their critical thinking skills by tackling challenges in teams. To effectively address the challenges of the future, it is important to fund enriching experiences for young people. These experiences can broaden their horizons and inspire them to imagine and create a more promising and sustainable future. It also encourages their commitment to the SDGs and green entrepreneurship.
description: Visions for Sustainability, NEW Visions online
e-PoS: Making Proof-of-Stake Decentralized and Fair
Creators: name: Saad, Muhammad
name: Qin, Zhan
name: Ren, Kui
name: Nyang, DaeHun
name: Mohaisen, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Blockchain applications that rely on the Proof-of-Work (PoW) have increasingly become energy inefficient with a staggering carbon footprint. In contrast, energy-efficient alternative consensus protocols such as Proof-of-Stake (PoS) may cause centralization and unfairness in the blockchain system. To address these challenges, we propose a modular version of PoS-based blockchain systems called epos that resists the centralization of network resources by extending mining opportunities to a wider set of stakeholders. Moreover, epos leverages the in-built system operations to promote fair mining practices by penalizing malicious entities. We validate epos's achievable objectives through theoretical analysis and simulations. Our results show that epos ensures fairness and decentralization, and can be applied to existing blockchain applications.
The surprising magnetic topology of tauSco: fossil remnant or dynamo output?
Creators: name: Donati, JF
name: Howarth, ID
name: Jardine, MM
name: Petit, P
name: Catala, C
name: Landstreet, JD
name: Bouret, JC
name: Alecian, E
name: Barnes, JR
name: Forveille, T
name: Paletou, F
name: Manset, N
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the discovery of a medium-strength (~0.5kG) magnetic field on the young, massive star tauSco (B0.2V), which becomes the third-hottest magnetic star known. Circularly polarized Zeeman signatures are clearly detected in observations collected mostly with the ESPaDOnS spectropolarimeter, recently installed on the 3.6-m Canada-France-Hawaii Telescope; temporal variability is also clearly established in the polarimetry, and can be unambiguously attributed to rotational modulation with a period close to 41d. Archival UV spectra confirm that this modulation repeats over timescales of decades. By reconstructing the large-scale structure of its magnetic topology, we find that the magnetic structure is unusually complex for a hot star. The surface topology is dominated by a potential field, although a moderate toroidal component is probably present. We fail to detect intrinsic temporal variability of the magnetic structure over the 1.5-yr period of our spectropolarimetric observations (in agreement with the stable temporal variations of the UV spectra), and infer that any differential surface rotation must be very small. The topology of the extended magnetic field that we derive from the photospheric magnetic maps is also more complex than a global dipole, and features in particular a significantly warped torus of closed magnetic loops encircling the star (tilted at about 90deg to the rotation axis), with additional, smaller, networks of closed field lines. This topology appears to be consistent with the exceptional Xray properties of tauSco and also provides a natural explanation of the variability observed in wind-formed UV lines. We conclude that its magnetic field is most probably a fossil remnant from the star-formation stage.
description: Accepted for publication in the 'Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society'
WorkflowHub: Community Framework for Enabling Scientific Workflow Research and Development -- Technical Report
Creators: name: da Silva, Rafael Ferreira
name: Pottier, Loïc
name: Coleman, Tainã
name: Deelman, Ewa
name: Casanova, Henri
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Scientific workflows are a cornerstone of modern scientific computing. They are used to describe complex computational applications that require efficient and robust management of large volumes of data, which are typically stored/processed at heterogeneous, distributed resources. The workflow research and development community has employed a number of methods for the quantitative evaluation of existing and novel workflow algorithms and systems. In particular, a common approach is to simulate workflow executions. In previous work, we have presented a collection of tools that have been used for aiding research and development activities in the Pegasus project, and that have been adopted by others for conducting workflow research. Despite their popularity, there are several shortcomings that prevent easy adoption, maintenance, and consistency with the evolving structures and computational requirements of production workflows. In this work, we present WorkflowHub, a community framework that provides a collection of tools for analyzing workflow execution traces, producing realistic synthetic workflow traces, and simulating workflow executions. We demonstrate the realism of the generated synthetic traces by comparing simulated executions of these traces with actual workflow executions. We also contrast these results with those obtained when using the previously available collection of tools. We find that our framework not only can be used to generate representative synthetic workflow traces (i.e., with workflow structures and task characteristics distributions that resembles those in traces obtained from real-world workflow executions), but can also generate representative workflow traces at larger scales than that of available workflow traces.
description: Technical Report
Cosmological perturbation theory, instantaneous gauges and local inertial frames
Creators: name: Bicak, Jiri
name: Katz, Joseph
name: Lynden-Bell, Donald
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Linear perturbations of Friedmann-Robertson-Walker universes with any curvature and cosmological constant are studied in a general gauge without decomposition into harmonics. Desirable gauges are selected as those which embody best Mach's principle: in these gauges local inertial frames can be determined instantaneously via the perturbed Einstein field equations from the distributions of energy and momentum in the universe. The inertial frames are identified by their `accelerations and rotations' with respect to the cosmological frames associated with the `Machian gauges'. In closed spherical universes, integral gauge conditions are imposed to eliminate motions generated by the conformal Killing vectors. The meaning of Traschen's integral constraint vectors is thus elucidated. For all three types of FRW universes the Machian gauges admit much less residual freedom than the synchronous or generalized harmonic gauge. Mach's principle is best exhibited in the Machian gauges in closed spherical universes. Independent of any Machian motivation the general perturbation equations and discussion of gauges are useful for cosmological perturbation theory.
description: 68 pages, 2 figures
On the solutions of the nonlinear Liouville hierarchy
Creators: name: Shtyk, V. O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 37A60, 82C05

description: We investigate the initial-value problem of the non-linear Liouville hierarchy. For the general form of the interaction potential we construct an explicit solution in terms of an expansion over particle clusters whose evolution is described by the corresponding-order cumulant of evolution operators of a system of finitely many particles. For the initial data from the space of integrable functions the existence of a strong solution of the Cauchy problem is proved.
description: 9 pages
Correction note. Typical configuration for one-dimensional random field Kac model
Creators: name: Cassandro, Marzio
name: Orlandi, Enza
name: Picco, Pierre
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60K35, 82B20, 82B43 (Primary)

description: Estimate (3.39) which appears in the proof of Proposition 3.4 in [Ann. Probab. 27 (1999) 1414--1467, doi:10.1214/aop/1022677454] is wrong. We present below a corrected proof which introduces an extra factor 2 in equations (3.34) and (3.35). This has no consequence in the rest of the paper since Proposition 3.4 is used to estimate only ratios; see (3.23) and (3.25).
description: Published at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/009117906000000160 in the Annals of Probability (http://www.imstat.org/aop/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
Review and Analysis of Three Components of Differential Evolution Mutation Operator in MOEA/D-DE
Creators: name: Tanabe, Ryoji
name: Ishibuchi, Hisao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: A decomposition-based multi-objective evolutionary algorithm with a differential evolution variation operator (MOEA/D-DE) shows high performance on challenging multi-objective problems (MOPs). The DE mutation consists of three key components: a mutation strategy, an index selection method for parent individuals, and a bound-handling method. However, the configuration of the DE mutation operator that should be used for MOEA/D-DE has not been thoroughly investigated in the literature. This configuration choice confuses researchers and users of MOEA/D-DE. To address this issue, we present a review of the existing configurations of the DE mutation operator in MOEA/D-DE and systematically examine the influence of each component on the performance of MOEA/D-DE. Our review reveals that the configuration of the DE mutation operator differs depending on the source code of MOEA/D-DE. In our analysis, a total of 30 configurations (three index selection methods, two mutation strategies, and five bound handling methods) are investigated on 16 MOPs with up to five objectives. Results show that each component significantly affects the performance of MOEA/D-DE. We also present the most suitable configuration of the DE mutation operator, which maximizes the effectiveness of MOEA/D-DE.
description: This is an accepted version of a paper published in Soft Computing
Massive IIA flux compactifications and U-dualities
Creators: name: Banks, T.
name: Broek, K. van den
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We attempt to find a rigorous formulation for the massive type IIA orientifold compactifications of string theory introduced in hep-th/0505160. An approximate double T-duality converts this background into IIA string theory on a twisted torus, but various arguments indicate that the back reaction of the orientifold on this geometry is large. In particular, an AdS calculation of the entropy suggests a scaling appropriate for N M2-branes, in a certain limit of the compactification, though not the one studied in hep-th/0505160. The M-theory lift of this specific regime is not 4 dimensional. We suggest that the generic limit of the background corresponds to a situation analogous to F-theory, where the string coupling is small in some regions of a compact geometry, and large in others, so that neither a long wavelength 11D SUGRA expansion, nor a world sheet expansion exists for these compactifications. We end with a speculation on the nature of the generic compactification.
description: JHEP3 LaTeX - 34 pages - 3 figures; v2: Added references; v3: mistake in entropy scaling corrected, major changes in conclusions; v4: changed claims about original DeWolfe et al. setup, JHEP version
Balmer jump temperature determination in a large sample of low-metallicity H II regions
Creators: name: Guseva, N. G.
name: Izotov, Y. I.
name: Papaderos, P.
name: Fricke, K. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Aims. Continuing the systematic determination of the electron temperature of H II regions using the Balmer and/or Paschen discontinuities by Guseva et al. (2006) we focus here on 3.6m ESO telescope observations of a large new sample of 69 H II regions in 45 blue compact dwarf (BCD) galaxies. This data set spans a wide range in metallicity (Zsun/6011000 K) H II regions the temperature of the O2+ zone, determined from doubly ionised oxygen forbidden lines, does not differ statistically from the temperature of the H+ zone. Thus, we confirm and strengthen the finding by Guseva et al. (2006). We emphasize that due to a number of modelling assumptions and the observational uncertainties for individual objects, only a large, homogeneous sample, as the one used here, can enable a conclusive study of the relation between Te(H+) and Te(O III).
description: 39 pages, 4 figures, accepted for publication in Astronomy and Astrophysics
Deep inelastic beauty production at HERA in the kt-factorization approach
Creators: name: Lipatov, A. V.
name: Zotov, N. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate the cross section of beauty production in electron-proton deep inelastic scattering at HERA collider in the framework of the kt-factorization approach. The unintegrated gluon distributions in a proton are obtained from the full CCFM, from unified BFKL-DGLAP evolution equations as well as from the Kimber-Martin-Ryskin prescription. We investigate different production rates and study the b-quark contribution to the inclusive proton structure function F2(x,Q2) at small x and at moderate and high values of Q2. Our theoretical results are compared with the recent experimental data taken by the H1 and ZEUS collaborations. We demonstrate the importance of leading ln 1/x contributions in description of the HERA data.
description: 26 pages, 11 figures, 2 tables
Advancing Safe and Trustworthy AI for Science: Understanding and Mitigating Threats to AI Data, Models, and Processes
Creators: name: Balaprakash, Prasanna
name: Nabrzyski, Jarek
name: Clark, Christina
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025
Subjects: Responsible AI
Scientific Computing
AI in Research
AI in Ethics and Security
Multimodal AI systems

description: This Tech Note summarizes a CI Compass webinar featuring Prasanna Balaprakash of Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), highlighting ORNL’s strategic efforts to develop scalable, secure, and ethically governed AI systems for scientific research and national security applications.
Beamforming and subsurface source localization in bearing, range and depth
Creators: name: Dunn, Lawrence Robert
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 2004
Subjects: Beamforming
Pekeris waveguide

description: This thesis serves as a satisfactory introduction to the use of beamforming to localize an underwater source of acoustic energy in bearing, range and depth, including the necessary background material in acoustics and computation. Plane wave beam-forming is introduced, as is beamforming with a Pekeris waveguide and a waveguide with a depth dependent sound velocity profile. Under certain circumstances the filtering of unwanted signals is considered, and throughout the thesis a heavy emphasis is placed on the theory of linear algebra and its implications to the beamforming process.
Performance of wall-modeled LES for external aerodynamics in the NASA Juncture Flow
Creators: name: Lozano-Durán, Adrián
name: Bose, Sanjeeb T.
name: Moin, Parviz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the performance of wall-modeled LES for external aerodynamics in the NASA Juncture Flow. We characterize the errors in the prediction of mean velocity profiles and pressure coefficient for three different locations over the aircraft: the upstream region of the fuselage, the wing-body juncture, and the wing-body juncture close to the trailing-edge. The last two locations are characterized by strong mean-flow three-dimensionality and separation. The message conveyed by our error analysis is that WMLES performs as expected in regions where the flow resembles a zero-pressure-gradient flat plate boundary layer. However, there is a clear decline of the current models in the presence of wing-body junctions and, more acutely, in separated zones. The slow convergence to the solution in these regions renders the brute-force grid-refinement approach to improve the accuracy of the solution unfeasible. The results reported above pertain to the mean velocity profile predicted using the typical grid resolution for external aerodynamics applications, i.e., 5--20 points per boundary-layer thickness. The prediction of the pressure coefficient is below 5\% error for all grid sizes considered, even when boundary layers were marginally resolved. The latter accuracy can be attributed to the outer-layer nature of the mean pressure, which becomes less sensitive to flow details within the turbulent boundary layer. Finally, we show that boundary-layer-conforming grids (i.e., grids maintaining a constant number of points per boundary-layer thickness) allow for a more efficient distribution of grid points and smaller errors. Our results suggest that novel modeling venues encompassing physical insights, together with numerical and gridding advancements, must be exploited to attain predictions within the tolerance required for Certification by Analysis.
Equivalence of Two Approaches for Quantum-Classical Hybrid Systems
Creators: name: Zhan, Fei
name: Lin, Yuan
name: Wu, Biao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss two approaches that are used frequently to describe quantum-classical hybrid system. One is the well-known mean-field theory and the other adopts a set of hybrid brackets which is a mixture of quantum commutators and classical Poisson brackets. We prove that these two approaches are equivalent.
description: 9 pages
Συνδυασμός έξυπνων υλικών για την κατασκευή μικρορομπότ
Creators: name: Ψαρρά, Νικολέτα Βασιλείου
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2014
Subjects: Έξυπνα υλικά
Μικρορομπότ
Φαινόμενο μνήμης
Smart materials
Micro robot
Shape memory

description: Στην παρούσα διπλωματική εργασία γίνεται μελέτη του μορφομνήμονου μεταλλικού κράματος NiTiσε μορφή σύρματος. Στόχος είναι η κατασκευή όσο το δυνατόν μικρότερου ρομπότ με τη χρήσηπολυμερών και ενός SMAενεργοποιητή NiTi, καθώς και η μελέτη των ιδιοτήτων του παραπάνω σύρματος-ενεργοποιητή. Αρχικά, παρουσιάζεται μια θεωρητική εισαγωγή στα κράματα μνήμης σχήματος και τις ιδιότητές τους. Δίνεται ιδιαίτερη έμφαση στο μορφομνήμονο κράμα NiTi, περιγράφεται η μέθοδος παρασκευής και παρουσίαζονται οι εφαρμογες του. Στο πρώτο πειραματικό μέρος περιγράφονται τα υλικά και η τεχνική που χρησιμοποιήθηκε για την κατασκευή του μικρορομπότ. Στο δεύτερο πειραματικό μέρος, μελετάται η συμπεριφορά της ηλεκτρικής αντίστασης του σύρματος NiTiκατά τη θερμική του αγωγή καθώς και η παραμόρφωσή του υπό μηχανική τάση.Τέλος, γίνεται σχολιασμός των αποτελεσμάτων, προσπάθεια ερμηνείας τους και αναφέρονται μελλοντικές προοπτικές.
description: Inthisthesis, westudiedtheshapememorywireNiTi. Our aim is the fabrication of a robot, as smaller as possible, with the use ofpolymers and a shape memory wire NiTi. Initially, an introduce to shape memory alloys and their properties are presented with emphasis given on NiTi alloy. Specifically, the method of its preparation is described, andits various applications are presented. In the first experimental part, the materials and the techniques that were used for the robot’s fabrication are described. In the second experimental part, we studied the behavior of the electrical resistance of NiTi wire during thermal treatment. Furthermore, astress-straincurveisextracted. The final results are discussed and interpreted and future work is outlined.
description: Σε συνεργασία με το Ινστιτούτο Τεχνολογίας Γκρενόμπλ (Γαλλία), το ΕΚΕΦΕ Δημόκριτος, και το CNRS (Centre National de la Researche Scientifique, Γαλλία)
Limitations on the principle of stationary phase when it is applied to tunneling analysis
Creators: name: Bernardini, Alex E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using a recently developed procedure - multiple wave packet decomposition - here we study the phase time formulation for tunneling/reflecting particles colliding with a potential barrier. To partially overcome the analytical difficulties which frequently arise when the stationary phase method is employed for deriving phase (tunneling) time expressions, we present a theoretical exercise involving a symmetrical collision between two identical wave packets and an one-dimensional rectangular potential barrier. Summing the amplitudes of the reflected and transmitted waves - using a method we call multiple peak decomposition - is shown to allow reconstruction of the scattered wave packets in a way which allows the stationary phase principle to be recovered.
description: 17 pages, 2 figures
KAMUS BAHASA JAWA: KOSAKATA DALAM BAHASA JAWA
Creators: name: Nazihah, Naurah
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Indonesia merupakan negara yang memiliki banyak suku dan bahasa daerah di dalamnya. Mempelajari bahasa daerah tentu memiliki tantangan tersendiri bagi seseorang yang tidak fasih dalam bahasa daerah tersebut. Maka dari itu, dibutuhkan kamus bahasa daerah sebagai jembatan untuk mempelajari berbagai bahasa daerah yang ada di Indonesia. Salah satu dari banyak suku tersebut adalah Suku Jawa. Sama seperti suku yang lain, Jawa juga memiliki bahasa daerah yang digunakan sebagai alat komunikasi daerah. Namun, beberapa kelompok atau orang yang tidak mengerti mengenai bahasa jawa akan kesulitan untuk memahami bagaimana penggunaan kosakata dalam bahasa Jawa yang benar. Oleh karena itu, tujuan pembuatan kamus ini agar orang-orang yang kesulitan memahami kosakata dalam bahasa Jawa akan lebih mudah untuk memahaminya. 

Dalam bahasa Jawa, tentu saja memiliki beribu-ribu kosakata, tetapi dalam kamus ini hanya menyediakan 100 kosakata lengkap dengan lema dan sublema. 100 kosakata dalam kamus ini merupakan kosakata bahasa Jawa yang sering digunakan dalam komunikasi sehari-hari. Hasil dari kamus ini juga diambil berdasarkan hasil dari wawancara terhadap penutur bahasa Jawa asli. Selain itu, beberapa kosakata dalam kamus ini juga diambil dari salah satu cerita rakyat “Asal Usul Surabaya”. Cerita rakyat ini tersedia di internet yang ditulis dengan menggunakan bahasa Jawa. Semoga kamus bahasa Jawa ini dapat membantu.
Collaborative cultures in public schools : A review and analysis
Creators: name: Montgomery, Andrew David
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Discussions within the literature on education have presented conflicting definitions of the term collaborative cultures. Nonetheless, a general sanctioning of teacher collaboration has predominated. With the intent of evaluating that advocacy and developing a better understanding of the notion itself (collaboration), this study examines collaborative relationships in public schools. Specifically, an analysis of the literature has been undertaken to comprehend more fully collaborative associations between teachers, and teachers and administrators. The many conceptual notions of collegiality and collaboration were considered when choosing a method of analysis, and an attempt was made to identify recurrent themes within the literature. The following were felt to be most prominent: cultural requirements of collegiality, structural requirements of collegiality, curriculum development and evaluation, instructional innovation, and conceptual models of teaching. The frequency with which researchers have discussed collaborative teaching prompted a number of queries, including those concerning teacher development. This study set out to answer the following questions: 1. What behaviours define collaboration? 2. How do conceptions of collaboration found in the literature compare? 3. Is collaboration a behavioural goal (end) or a means to some other purpose(s), or, is it an indicator of the effectiveness of personnel practices? 4. Is collaboration a meaningless slogan, or, behaviour worth dedicating sparse educational resources towards? The findings include those that indicate the term collaborative cultures is often employed as a catch phrase. However, they also show that teacher collaboration holds significant promise for educational practice. As well, collaboration may be a frequently ignored but valuable tool for educational reform.
Gamma-ray emission associated with Cluster-scale AGN Outbursts
Creators: name: Hinton, J. A.
name: Domainko, W.
name: Pope, E. C. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent observations have revealed the existence of enormously energetic ~10^61 erg AGN outbursts in three relatively distant galaxy clusters. These outbursts have produced bubbles in the intra-cluster medium, apparently supported by pressure from relativistic particles and/or magnetic fields. Here we argue that if > GeV particles are responsible then these particles are very likely protons and nuclei, rather than electrons, and that the gamma-ray emission from these objects, arising from the interactions of these hadrons in the intra-cluster medium, may be marginally detectable with instruments such as GLAST and HESS.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures, accepted by MNRAS