cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
In-Medium Hadronic Interactions and the Nuclear Equation of State
Creators: name: Sammarruca, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Microscopic studies of nuclear matter under diverse conditions of density and asymmetry are of great contemporary interest. Concerning terrestrial applications, they relate to future experimental facilities that will make it possible to study systems with extreme neutron-to-proton ratio. In this talk, I will review recent efforts of my group aimed at exploring nuclear interactions in the medium through the nuclear equation of state (EoS). The approach we take is microscopic and relativistic, with the predicted EoS properties derived from realistic nucleon-nucleon potentials. I will also discuss work in progress. Most recently, we completed a DBHF calculation of the $Λ$ hyperon binding energy in nuclear matter.
description: Talk given at the International Symposium on Exotic States of Nuclear Matter, Catania (Italy), June 11-15, 2007. 9 pages, 5 figures
A New Approach to Automated Epileptic Diagnosis Using EEG and Probabilistic Neural Network
Creators: name: Bao, Forrest Sheng
name: Lie, Donald Yu-Chun
name: Zhang, Yuanlin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: I.5.4; I.2.1

description: Epilepsy is one of the most common neurological disorders that greatly impair patient' daily lives. Traditional epileptic diagnosis relies on tedious visual screening by neurologists from lengthy EEG recording that requires the presence of seizure (ictal) activities. Nowadays, there are many systems helping the neurologists to quickly find interesting segments of the lengthy signal by automatic seizure detection. However, we notice that it is very difficult, if not impossible, to obtain long-term EEG data with seizure activities for epilepsy patients in areas lack of medical resources and trained neurologists. Therefore, we propose to study automated epileptic diagnosis using interictal EEG data that is much easier to collect than ictal data. The authors are not aware of any report on automated EEG diagnostic system that can accurately distinguish patients' interictal EEG from the EEG of normal people. The research presented in this paper, therefore, aims to develop an automated diagnostic system that can use interictal EEG data to diagnose whether the person is epileptic. Such a system should also detect seizure activities for further investigation by doctors and potential patient monitoring. To develop such a system, we extract four classes of features from the EEG data and build a Probabilistic Neural Network (PNN) fed with these features. Leave-one-out cross-validation (LOO-CV) on a widely used epileptic-normal data set reflects an impressive 99.5% accuracy of our system on distinguishing normal people's EEG from patient's interictal EEG. We also find our system can be used in patient monitoring (seizure detection) and seizure focus localization, with 96.7% and 77.5% accuracy respectively on the data set.
description: 5 pages, 6 figures, 1 table, submitted to IEEE ICTAI 2008
Additional file 3 of Characterization of runs of homozygosity, heterozygosity-enriched regions, and population structure in cattle populations selected for different breeding goals
Creators: name: Mulim, Henrique Alberto
name: Brito, Luiz F.
name: Pinto, Luís Fernando Batista
name: Ferraz, José Bento Sterman
name: Grigoletto, Lais
name: Silva, Marcio Ribeiro
name: Pedrosa, Victor Breno
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 3: Figure S3. Comparison between runs of homozygosity SNP panel and whole-genome sequence (WGS) analyzes.
The Disappearing Middle Ages: Medieval History in National Socialist Volksschulen Textbooks 1933 - 1945
Creators: name: De Caprio, Pasquale
Publisher: name: Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II
Year: 2013

description: My research points out, on the one hand: the “disappering” of the Middle Ages from the Volksschulen textbooks of the National Socialist Germany; on the other hand, the failure of the Nazi Regime policies to reform the German school and education system.

Firstly, in the Volksschulen textbooks the German pre-history and not the Medieval history was described as the “golden Age” of the Aryan-Germanic populations. Thereby, the Middle Ages disappeared from many Volksschulen textbooks.

Secondly, the Nazi Regime, according to the nazi ideology, tried both to reform the German school-system which was based on a regional structure and, as well, to reform and re-edit the German Volksschulen textbooks. But, neither the school-system reform nor the textbooks one took actually place in Nazi Germany because of the private, regional and local “resistences” against the Regime’s orders and directives.

The Nazi Regime, despite its totalitarian intentions, was not allmighty.
Tree-based solvers for adaptive mesh refinement code FLASH -- II: radiation transport module TreeRay
Creators: name: Wünsch, Richard
name: Walch, Stefanie
name: Dinnbier, František
name: Seifried, Daniel
name: Haid, Sebastian
name: Klepitko, Andre
name: Whitworth, Anthony P.
name: Palouš, Jan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The treatment of radiative transfer with multiple radiation sources is a critical challenge in simulations of star formation and the interstellar medium. In this paper we present the novel TreeRay method for solving general radiative transfer problems, based on reverse ray tracing combined with tree-based accelerated integration. We implement TreeRay in the adaptive mesh refinement code FLASH, as a module of the tree solver developed by Wünsch et al. However, the method itself is independent of the host code and can be implemented in any grid based or particle based hydrodynamics code. A key advantage of TreeRay is that its computational cost is independent of the number of sources, making it suitable for simulations with many point sources (e.g. massive star clusters) as well as simulations where diffuse emission is important. A very efficient communication and tree-walk strategy enables TreeRay to achieve almost ideal parallel scalings. TreeRay can easily be extended with sub-modules to treat radiative transfer at different wavelengths and to implement related physical processes. Here, we focus on ionising (EUV) radiation and use the On-the-Spot approximation to test the method and its parameters. The ability to set the tree solver time step independently enables the speedy calculation of radiative transfer in a multi-phase interstellar medium, where the hydrodynamic time step is typically limited by the sound speed of the hot gas produced in stellar wind bubbles or supernova remnants. We show that complicated simulations of star clusters with feedback from multiple massive stars become feasible with TreeRay.
description: 26 pages, 21 figures, accepted by MNRAS
Il complesso degli Incurabili, evoluzione storico urbanistica
Creators: name: Micillo, Annalisa
Publisher: name: Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II
Year: 2013

description: L’oggetto di studio della tesi di dottorato si è incentrato sullo sviluppo storico e architettonico del Complesso Ospedaliero di Santa Maria del Popolo degli Incurabili sito nel quartiere San Lorenzo di Napoli, dalla sua fondazione nel 1520 alla metà del XX secolo.
L'obiettivo della ricerca è stato quello di individuare dal punto di vista temporale e spaziale la crescita del complesso ospedaliero in funzione delle acquisizioni effettuate dal Governo dell’Ospedale, inizialmente, di proprietà private e, in un secondo momento, di porzioni di complessi monastici contermini.
Lo scopo dello studio è stato quello di dimostrare, quindi, l’unicità di un percorso evolutivo della cittadella ospedaliera, derivante da una concezione assolutamente  innovativa della fondatrice Maria Lorenza Longo, dimostratosi valido fino ad oggi, consistente nella creazione di un Polo ospedaliero in cui l’aspetto religioso, quello scientifico e organizzativo, la conformazione spaziale e la struttura architettonica hanno configurato l’evoluzione del complesso monumentale attraverso i secoli.
LINGUISTIC PATTERNS OF GENDER IN ONLINE COMMUNICATION: A COMPREHENSIVE ANALYSIS
Creators: name: Oluwaseun, Temitope Adewale
Publisher: name: AYDEN JOURNAL
Year: 2024
Subjects: Language, Gender, Online Communication, Digital Space

description: This research explores the intricate interplay between language, gender, and digital interactions within online communication. The study examines how linguistic patterns, communication styles, and the dynamics of digital platforms influence and shape gender representations. A qualitative approach was adopted for the study. Three research questions were raised to guide the study. Conceptual clarification on critical concepts was established. Literature studies are conducted through research and analysis of the literature related to language and gender in online communications. The review investigated how gendered language manifests in online spaces (social media, forums, etc.), examined linguistic patterns and communication styles and the impact of digital interactions on gender representations. This research underscores the importance of promoting inclusive language practices, advocating for equitable representations, and fostering digital spaces that empower individuals to express their gender identities authentically
Additional file 4 of Characterization of runs of homozygosity, heterozygosity-enriched regions, and population structure in cattle populations selected for different breeding goals
Creators: name: Mulim, Henrique Alberto
name: Brito, Luiz F.
name: Pinto, Luís Fernando Batista
name: Ferraz, José Bento Sterman
name: Grigoletto, Lais
name: Silva, Marcio Ribeiro
name: Pedrosa, Victor Breno
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 4: Figure S4. Comparison between heterozygous-enriched regions SNP panel and whole-genome sequence (WGS) analyzes.
Crystal growth and optical properties of Ce-doped (La,Y)$_2$Si$_2$O$_7$ single crystal
Creators: name: Horiai, Takahiko
name: Paterek, Juraj
name: Pejchal, Jan
name: Jarosova, Marketa
name: Rohlicek, Jan
name: Kurosawa, Shunsuke
name: Hanada, Takashi
name: Yoshino, Masao
name: Yamaji, Akihiro
name: Toyoda, Satoshi
name: Sato, Hiroki
name: Ohashi, Yuji
name: Kamada, Kei
name: Yokota, Yuui
name: Yoshikawa, Akira
name: Nikl, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have grown Ce-doped (La,Y)$_2$Si$_2$O$_7$ single crystal by micro-pulling-down method and investigated its optical and scintillation properties. We have successfully prepared the single crystal with (Ce$_{0.015}$La$_{0.600}$Y$_{0.385}$)$_2$Si$_2$O$_7$ composition. The observed thermal quenching process could be characterized by the quenching temperature (T50%) of 526 K and its activation energy was determined to be 0.62 eV. Further considering the thermal quenching factors, it was found that the thermal quenching was caused by at least the thermal ionization and maybe also by classical thermal quenching. The light output and scintillation decay time were evaluated to be ~12,000 photons/MeV and ~42 ns, respectively. These results indicate that (Ce$_{0.015}$La$_{0.600}$Y$_{0.385}$)$_2$Si$_2$O$_7$ has a great potential for application in scintillation materials.
Theoretical calculations for solid oxygen under high pressure
Creators: name: Nozawa, Kazuki
name: Shima, Nobuyuki
name: Makoshi, Kenji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The crystal structure of solid oxygen at low temperatures and at pressures up to 7 GPa is studied by theoretical calculations. In the calculations, the adiabatic potential of the crystal is approximated by a superposition of pair-potentials between oxygen molecules calculated by an ab-initio method. The monoclinic alpha structure is stable up to 6 GPa and calculated lattice parameters agree well with experiments. The origin of a distortion and that of an anisotropic lattice compressibility of the basal plane of alpha-O2 are clearly demonstrated. In the pressure range from 6 to 7 GPa, two kinds of structures are proposed by X-ray diffraction experiments: the alpha and orthorhombic delta structures. It is found that the energy difference between these structures becomes very small in this pressure range. The relation between this trend and the incompatible results of X-ray diffraction experiments is discussed.
description: 12 pages, 6 figures
Backward energy flow in simple 4-wave electromagnetic fields
Creators: name: Saari, Peeter
name: Besieris, Ioannis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Electromagnetic energy backflow is a phenomenon occurring in regions where the direction of the Poynting vector is opposite to that of the propagation of the wave field. It is particularly remarkable in the nonparaxial regime and has been exhibited in the focal region of sharply focused beams, for vector Bessel beams, and vector-valued spatiotemporally localized waves. A detailed study is undertaken of this phenomenon and the conditions for its appearance are examined in detail in the case of a superposition of four plane waves in free space, the simplest electromagnetic arrangement for the observation of negative energy flow, as well as its comprehensive and transparent physical interpretation. It is shown that the state of polarization of the constituent components of the electromagnetic plane wave quartet determines whether energy backflow takes place or not and what values the energy flow velocity assumes. Depending on the polarization angles, the latter can assume any value from c (the speed of light in vacuum) to -c in certain spatiotemporal regions of the field.
description: 13 pages, 5 figures
Constraints on the electroweak chiral Lagrangian from the precision data
Creators: name: Dutta, Sukanta
name: Hagiwara, Kaoru
name: Yan, Qi-Shu
name: Yoshida, Kentaroh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the framework of the effective field theory method, we use the experimental data and the perturbative unitarity bounds to determine the values and uncertainty of all the 11 chiral coefficients ($\al_i, i=0, ..., 10$) of the standard electroweak chiral Lagrangian. Up to linear terms in $\al_i$, we provide the one-loop renormalization group equations of all the chiral coefficients, which are calculated in the Feynman-'t Hooft gauge using the modified minimal subtraction scheme. With the improved renormalization group equations to sum over the logarithmic corrections, we analyze the current experimental uncertainty of oblique correction parameters, $S(Λ)$ and $T(Λ)$. We find that, due to the large uncertainty in the triple gauge-boson coupling measurements, the parameter space of positive $S(Λ)$ for $Λ> 1$ TeV is still allowed by the current experimental data. $T(Λ)$ tends to increase with $Λ$ even in the presence of the operators that contribute to the triple and quartic gauge-boson couplings.
description: One more reference is included. Typoes are removed. The version to appear at Nucl. Phys. B
Investigation of important weak interaction nuclei in presupernova evolution
Creators: name: Nabi, Jameel-Un
name: Ullah, Asim
name: Khan, Ali Abas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The project aims to investigate most important weak interaction nuclei in the presupernova evolution of massive stars. To achieve the goal, an ensemble containing 728 nuclei in the mass range A = 1--100 was considered. We computed the mass fractions of these nuclei using Saha's equation for predetermined values of \textit{$T$}, \textit{$ρ$} and \textit{$Y_e$} and assuming nuclear statistical equilibrium. The nuclear partition functions were obtained using a newly introduced recipe where excited states, up to 10 $MeV$, were treated as discrete. The weak interaction rates (electron capture (\textit{ec}) and $β$-decay (\textit{bd})) were calculated in a \textit{totally} microscopic fashion using the proton-neutron quasiparticle random phase approximation (pn-QRPA) model and without assuming the Brink-Axel hypothesis. The calculated rates were coupled with the computed mass fractions to investigate the time rate of change of lepton to baryon fraction of the stellar matter. We compare our results with the previous calculations reported in the literature. Noticeable differences up to orders of magnitude are reported with previous calculations. These differences may influence the evolution of the star in the later stages of presupernova. We present a list of top 50 \textit{ec} and \textit{bd} nuclei which have the largest effect on $Y_e$ for conditions after silicon core burning. The competition between the \textit{ec} and \textit{bd} rates in stellar core was investigated and it was found that $Y_e$ = 0.424--0.455 is the interval where the \textit{bd} results are bigger than the \textit{ec} rates.
Additional file 1 of Comparison of hybrid coronary revascularization versus coronary artery bypass grafting in patients with multivessel coronary artery disease: a meta-analysis
Creators: name: Yu, Li
name: Zhu, Keying
name: Du, Nannan
name: Si, Yuexiu
name: Liang, Jiali
name: Shen, Ruijing
name: Chen, Bangsheng
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Characteristics of all the studies included in the meta-analysis.
The Planar Thirring Model with Kähler-Dirac Fermions
Creators: name: Hands, Simon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Kähler's geometric approach in which relativistic fermion fields are treated as differential forms is applied in three spacetime dimensions. It is shown that the resulting continuum theory is invariant under global U($N)\otimes$U($N)$ field transformations, and has a parity-invariant mass term, both symmetries shared in common with staggered lattice fermions. The formalism is used to construct a version of the Thirring model with contact interactions between conserved Noether currents. Under reasonable assumptions about field rescaling after quantum corrections, a more general interaction term is derived, sharing the same symmetries but now including terms which entangle spin and taste degrees of freedom, which exactly coincides with the leading terms in the staggered lattice Thirring model in the long-wavelength limit. Finally truncated versions of the theory are explored; it is found that excluding scalar and pseudoscalar components leads to a theory of six-component fermion fields describing particles with spin 1, with fermion and antifermion corresponding to states with definite circular polarisation. In the UV limit only transverse states with just four non-vanishing components propagate. Implications for the description of dynamics at a strongly interacting renormalisation-group fixed point are discussed.
description: contribution to Symmetry special issue "New Applications of Symmetry to Lattice Field Theory"
Detecting separable states via semidefinite programs
Creators: name: Spedalieri, Federico M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce a new technique to detect separable states using semidefinite programs. This approach provides a sufficient condition for separability of a state that is based on the existence of a certain local linear map applied to a known separable state. When a state is shown to be separable, a proof of this fact is provided in the form of an explicit convex decomposition of the state in terms of product states. All states in the interior of the set of separable states can be detected in this way, except maybe for a set of measure zero. Even though this technique is more suited for a numerical approach, a new analytical criterion for separability can also be derived.
description: 8 pages, accepted for publication in Physical Review A
q-Gaussians in the porous-medium equation: stability and time evolution
Creators: name: Schwämmle, Veit
name: Nobre, Fernando D.
name: Tsallis, Constantino
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The stability of $q$-Gaussian distributions as particular solutions of the linear diffusion equation and its generalized nonlinear form, $\pderiv{P(x,t)}{t} = D \pderiv{^2 [P(x,t)]^{2-q}}{x^2}$, the \emph{porous-medium equation}, is investigated through both numerical and analytical approaches. It is shown that an \emph{initial} $q$-Gaussian, characterized by an index $q_i$, approaches the \emph{final}, asymptotic solution, characterized by an index $q$, in such a way that the relaxation rule for the kurtosis evolves in time according to a $q$-exponential, with a \emph{relaxation} index $q_{\rm rel} \equiv q_{\rm rel}(q)$. In some cases, particularly when one attempts to transform an infinite-variance distribution ($q_i \ge 5/3$) into a finite-variance one ($q<5/3$), the relaxation towards the asymptotic solution may occur very slowly in time. This fact might shed some light on the slow relaxation, for some long-range-interacting many-body Hamiltonian systems, from long-standing quasi-stationary states to the ultimate thermal equilibrium state.
description: 20 pages, 6 figures
Unequal dimensional small balls and quantization on Grassmann Manifolds
Creators: name: Dai, Wei
name: Rider, Brian
name: Liu, Youjian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The Grassmann manifold G_{n,p}(L) is the set of all p-dimensional planes (through the origin) in the n-dimensional Euclidean space L^{n}, where L is either R or C. This paper considers an unequal dimensional quantization in which a source in G_{n,p}(L) is quantized through a code in G_{n,q}(L), where p and q are not necessarily the same. It is different from most works in literature where p\equiv q. The analysis for unequal dimensional quantization is based on the volume of a metric ball in G_{n,p}(L) whose center is in G_{n,q}(L). Our chief result is a closed-form formula for the volume of a metric ball when the radius is sufficiently small. This volume formula holds for Grassmann manifolds with arbitrary n, p, q and L, while previous results pertained only to some special cases. Based on this volume formula, several bounds are derived for the rate distortion tradeoff assuming the quantization rate is sufficiently high. The lower and upper bounds on the distortion rate function are asymptotically identical, and so precisely quantify the asymptotic rate distortion tradeoff. We also show that random codes are asymptotically optimal in the sense that they achieve the minimum achievable distortion with probability one as n and the code rate approach infinity linearly. Finally, we discuss some applications of the derived results to communication theory. A geometric interpretation in the Grassmann manifold is developed for capacity calculation of additive white Gaussian noise channel. Further, the derived distortion rate function is beneficial to characterizing the effect of beamforming matrix selection in multi-antenna communications.
description: Wei_Dai_Conference_Paper : Proc. IEEE International Symposium on Information Theory (ISIT), 2007
A multi-site campaign to measure solar-like oscillations in Procyon. I. Observations, Data Reduction and Slow Variations
Creators: name: Arentoft, Torben
name: Kjeldsen, Hans
name: Bedding, Timothy R.
name: Bazot, Michael
name: Christensen-Dalsgaard, Joergen
name: Dall, Thomas H.
name: Karoff, Christoffer
name: Carrier, Fabien
name: Eggenberger, Patrick
name: Sosnowska, Danuta
name: Wittenmyer, Robert A.
name: Endl, Michael
name: Metcalfe, Travis S.
name: Hekker, Saskia
name: Reffert, Sabine
name: Butler, R. Paul
name: Bruntt, Hans
name: Kiss, Laszlo L.
name: O'Toole, Simon J.
name: Kambe, Eiji
name: Ando, Hiroyasu
name: Izumiura, Hideyuki
name: Sato, Bun'ei
name: Hartmann, Michael
name: Hatzes, Artie
name: Bouchy, Francois
name: Mosser, Benoit
name: Appourchaux, Thierry
name: Barban, Caroline
name: Berthomieu, Gabrielle
name: Garcia, Rafael A.
name: Michel, Eric
name: Provost, Janine
name: Turck-Chieze, Sylvaine
name: Martic, Milena
name: Lebrun, Jean-Claude
name: Schmitt, Jerome
name: Bertaux, Jean-Loup
name: Bonanno, Alfio
name: Benatti, Serena
name: Claudi, Riccardo U.
name: Cosentino, Rosario
name: Leccia, Silvio
name: Frandsen, Soeren
name: Brogaard, Karsten
name: Glowienka, Lars
name: Grundahl, Frank
name: Stempels, Eric
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have carried out a multi-site campaign to measure oscillations in the F5 star Procyon A. We obtained high-precision velocity observations over more than three weeks with eleven telescopes, with almost continuous coverage for the central ten days. This represents the most extensive campaign so far organized on any solar-type oscillator. We describe in detail the methods we used for processing and combining the data. These involved calculating weights for the velocity time series from the measurement uncertainties and adjusting them in order to minimize the noise level of the combined data. The time series of velocities for Procyon shows the clear signature of oscillations, with a plateau of excess power that is centred at 0.9 mHz and is broader than has been seen for other stars. The mean amplitude of the radial modes is 38.1 +/- 1.3 cm/s (2.0 times solar), which is consistent with previous detections from the ground and by the WIRE spacecraft, and also with the upper limit set by the MOST spacecraft. The variation of the amplitude during the observing campaign allows us to estimate the mode lifetime to be 1.5 d (+1.9/-0.8 d). We also find a slow variation in the radial velocity of Procyon, with good agreement between different telescopes. These variations are remarkably similar to those seen in the Sun, and we interpret them as being due to rotational modulation from active regions on the stellar surface. The variations appear to have a period of about 10 days, which presumably equals the stellar rotation period or, perhaps, half of it. The amount of power in these slow variations indicates that the fractional area of Procyon covered by active regions is slightly higher than for the Sun.
description: accepted for publication in ApJ. Minor change to Fig 11
A Machine-Learning-Based Direction-of-Origin Filter for the Identification of Radio Frequency Interference in the Search for Technosignatures
Creators: name: Pinchuk, Pavlo
name: Margot, Jean-Luc
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Radio frequency interference (RFI) mitigation remains a major challenge in the search for radio technosignatures. Typical mitigation strategies include a direction-of-origin (DoO) filter, where a signal is classified as RFI if it is detected in multiple directions on the sky. These classifications generally rely on estimates of signal properties, such as frequency and frequency drift rate. Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) offer a promising complement to existing filters because they can be trained to analyze dynamic spectra directly, instead of relying on inferred signal properties. In this work, we compiled several data sets consisting of labeled pairs of images of dynamic spectra, and we designed and trained a CNN that can determine whether or not a signal detected in one scan is also present in another scan. This CNN-based DoO filter outperforms both a baseline 2D correlation model as well as existing DoO filters over a range of metrics, with precision and recall values of 99.15% and 97.81%, respectively. We found that the CNN reduces the number of signals requiring visual inspection after the application of traditional DoO filters by a factor of 6-16 in nominal situations.
description: 25 pages, 14 figures, in press at the Astronomical Journal (submitted July 28, 2021; review received October 21, 2021; resubmitted October 25, 2021; accepted December 7, 2021)
Exceptional Point and Cross-Relaxation Effect in a Hybrid Quantum System
Creators: name: Zhang, Guo-Qiang
name: Chen, Zhen
name: Xu, Da
name: Shammah, Nathan
name: Liao, Meiyong
name: Li, Tie-Fu
name: Tong, Limin
name: Zhu, Shi-Yao
name: Nori, Franco
name: You, J. Q.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Exceptional points (EPs) are exotic degeneracies of non-Hermitian systems, where the eigenvalues and the corresponding eigenvectors simultaneously coalesce in parameter space, and these degeneracies are sensitive to tiny perturbations on the system. Here we report an experimental observation of the EP in a hybrid quantum system consisting of dense nitrogen (P1) centers in diamond coupled to a coplanar-waveguide resonator. These P1 centers can be divided into three subensembles of spins, and cross relaxation occurs among them. As a new method to demonstrate this EP, we pump a given spin subensemble with a drive field to tune the magnon-photon coupling in a wide range. We observe the EP in the middle spin subensemble coupled to the resonator mode, irrespective of which spin subensemble is actually driven. This robustness of the EP against pumping reveals the key role of the cross relaxation in P1 centers. It offers a novel way to convincingly prove the existence of the cross-relaxation effect via the EP.
description: 16 pages, 10 figures
Quantum spin liquid states in the two dimensional kagome antiferromagnets, ZnxCu4-x(OD)6Cl2
Creators: name: Lee, S. -H.
name: Kikuchi, H.
name: Qiu, Y.
name: Lake, B.
name: Huang, Q.
name: Habicht, K.
name: Kiefer, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A three-dimensional system of interacting spins typically develops static long-range order when it is cooled. If the spins are quantum (S = 1/2), however, novel quantum paramagnetic states may appear. The most highly sought state among them is the resonating valence bond (RVB) state in which every pair of neighboring quantum spins form entangled spin singlets (valence bonds) and the singlets are quantum mechanically resonating amongst all the possible highly degenerate pairing states. Here we provide experimental evidence for such quantum paramagnetic states existing in frustrated antiferromagnets, ZnxCu4-x(OD)6Cl2, where the S = 1/2 magnetic Cu2+ moments form layers of a two-dimensional kagome lattice. We find that in Cu4(OD)6Cl2, where distorted kagome planes are weakly coupled to each other, a dispersionless excitation mode appears in the magnetic excitation spectrum below ~ 20 K, whose characteristics resemble those of quantum spin singlets in a solid state, known as a valence bond solid (VBS), that breaks translational symmetry. Doping nonmagnetic Zn2+ ions reduces the distortion of the kagome lattice, and weakens the interplane coupling but also dilutes the magnetic occupancy of the kagome lattice. The VBS state is suppressed and for ZnCu3(OD)6Cl2 where the kagome planes are undistorted and 90% occupied by the Cu2+ ions, the low energy spin fluctuations in the spin liquid phase become featureless.
Towards Detecting Need for Empathetic Response in Motivational Interviewing
Creators: name: Wu, Zixiu
name: Helaoui, Rim
name: Kumar, Vivek
name: Recupero, Diego Reforgiato
name: Riboni, Daniele
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Empathetic response from the therapist is key to the success of clinical psychotherapy, especially motivational interviewing. Previous work on computational modelling of empathy in motivational interviewing has focused on offline, session-level assessment of therapist empathy, where empathy captures all efforts that the therapist makes to understand the client's perspective and convey that understanding to the client. In this position paper, we propose a novel task of turn-level detection of client need for empathy. Concretely, we propose to leverage pre-trained language models and empathy-related general conversation corpora in a unique labeller-detector framework, where the labeller automatically annotates a motivational interviewing conversation corpus with empathy labels to train the detector that determines the need for therapist empathy. We also lay out our strategies of extending the detector with additional-input and multi-task setups to improve its detection and explainability.
description: Accepted to ICMI '20 Companion: Companion Publication of the 2020 International Conference on Multimodal Interaction (SAMIH'20 Workshop)
Electrical tuning of tin-vacancy centers in diamond
Creators: name: Aghaeimeibodi, Shahriar
name: Riedel, Daniel
name: Rugar, Alison E.
name: Dory, Constantin
name: Vuckovic, Jelena
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Group-IV color centers in diamond have attracted significant attention as solid-state spin qubits because of their excellent optical and spin properties. Among these color centers, the tin-vacancy (SnV$^{\,\textrm{-}}$) center is of particular interest because its large ground-state splitting enables long spin coherence times at temperatures above 1$\,$K. However, color centers typically suffer from inhomogeneous broadening, which can be exacerbated by nanofabrication-induced strain, hindering the implementation of quantum nodes emitting indistinguishable photons. Although strain and Raman tuning have been investigated as promising techniques to overcome the spectral mismatch between distinct group-IV color centers, other approaches need to be explored to find methods that can offer more localized control without sacrificing emission intensity. Here, we study electrical tuning of SnV$^{\,\textrm{-}}$ centers in diamond via the direct-current Stark effect. We demonstrate a tuning range beyond 1.7$\,$GHz. We observe both quadratic and linear dependence on the applied electric field. We also confirm that the tuning effect we observe is a result of the applied electric field and is distinct from thermal tuning due to Joule heating. Stark tuning is a promising avenue toward overcoming detunings between emitters and enabling the realization of multiple identical quantum nodes.
From high temperature supercondutivity to quantum spin liquid: progress in strong correlation physics
Creators: name: Lee, Patrick A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This review gives a rather general discussion of high temperature superconductors as an example of a strongly correlated material. The argument is made that in view of the many examples of unconventional superconductors discovered in the past twenty years, we should no longer be surprised that superconductivity emerges as a highly competitive ground state in systems where Coulomb repulsion plays a dominant role. The physics of the cuprates is discussed, emphasizing the unusual pseudogap phase in the underdoped region. It is argued that the resonating valence bond (RVB) picture, as formulated using gauge theory with fermionic and bosonic matter fields, gives an adequate physical understanding, even though many details are beyond the powers of current calculational tools. The recent discovery of quantum oscillations in a high magnetic field is discussed in this context. Meanwhile, the problem of the quantum spin liquid (a spin system with antiferromagnetic coupling which refuses to order even at zero temperature) is a somewhat simpler version of the high $T_c$ problem where significant progress has been made recently. It is understood that the existence of matter fields can lead to de-confinement of the U(1) gauge theory in 2+1 dimensions, and novel new particles (called fractionalized particles), such as fermionic spinons which carry spin ${1\over 2}$ and no charge, and gapless gauge bosons can emerge to create a new critical state at low energies. We even have a couple of real materials where such a scenario may be realized experimentally. The article ends with answers to questions such as: what limits $T_c$ if pairing is driven by an electronic energy scale? why is the high $T_c$ problem hard? why is there no consensus? and why is the high $T_c$ problem important?
description: Submitted as "Key Issue" essay for Report of Progress in Physics; v2: References are added and typos corrected
title: Guidelines for the production of scientific and technical reports: how to write and distribute grey literature
Creators: name: De Castro, Paola
name: Salinetti, Sandra
Publisher: name: GreyNet International, Grey Literature Network Service
Year: 2006

description: These Guidelines refer to the production of scientific and technical reports, precious documents included in the wider category of Grey Literature (GL), defined "in the International Conferences on GL held in Luxembourg (1997) and in New York (2004)" as: Information produced on all levels of government, academics, business and industry in electronic and print formats not controlled by commercial publishing i.e. where publishing is not the primary activity of the producing body. These Guidelines were presented during the 7th International Conference on GL held in Nancy (France) on 5-6 December 2005. The Guidelines are created primarily to help authors and GL producers in their mutual task of creating and distributing accurate, clear, easily accessible reports in different fields. The goal of the Guidelines is, in fact, to permit an independent and correct production of institutional reports in the respect of the basic editorial principles. The Guidelines include ethical principles related to the process of evaluating, improving, and making available reports, and the relationships between GL producers and authors. The latter sections address the more technical aspects of preparing and submitting reports. The GLISC believes the entire document is relevant to the concerns of both authors and GL producers.
Managing multi-model scenario ensembles for climate change & energy systems transition
Creators: name: Huppmann, Daniel
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: scenario analysis
open-source

description: Lessons & insights from supporting the IPCC process and Horizon 2020 projects
 at the research theme “Scenario Services & Scientific Software”
 of the IIASA Energy, Climate, and Environment program
Additional file 2 of Comparison of hybrid coronary revascularization versus coronary artery bypass grafting in patients with multivessel coronary artery disease: a meta-analysis
Creators: name: Yu, Li
name: Zhu, Keying
name: Du, Nannan
name: Si, Yuexiu
name: Liang, Jiali
name: Shen, Ruijing
name: Chen, Bangsheng
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 2: Table S2. Quality assessment of studies included.
Extension of the Adler-Bobenko-Suris classification of integrable lattice equations
Creators: name: Field, Chris M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The classification of lattice equations that are integrable in the sense of higher-dimensional consistency is extended by allowing directed edges. We find two cases that are not transformable via the 'admissible transformations' to the lattice equations in the existing classification.
description: 14 pages, 2 figures
Spectral features of magnetic domain walls on surface of 3D topological insulators
Creators: name: Rusinov, I. P.
name: Men'shov, V. N.
name: Chulkov, E. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a theoretical investigation of electron states hosted by magnetic domain walls on the 3D topological insulator surface. The consideration includes the domain walls with distinct vectorial and spatial textures. The study is carried out on the basis of the Hamiltonian for quasi-relativistic fermions by using a continual approach and tight-binding calculations. We derive the spectral characteristics and spatial localization of the the one-dimensional low-energy states appearing at the domain walls. The antiphase domain walls are shown to generate the topologically protected chiral states with linear dispersion, the group velocity and spin-polarization direction of which depend on an easy axis orientation. In the case of an easy plane anisotropy, we predict a realization of a dispersionless state, flat band in the energy spectrum, that is spin-polarized along the surface normal. Modification of the surface states in the multi-domain case, which is approximated by a periodic set of domain walls, is described as well. We find that the magnetic domain walls with complex internal texture, such as Néel-like or Bloch-like walls, also host the topological states, although their spectrum and spin structure can be changed compared with the sharp wall case.
Hinge Magnons from Non-collinear Magnetic Order in Honeycomb Antiferromagnet
Creators: name: Park, Moon Jip
name: Lee, SungBin
name: Kim, Yong Baek
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose that non-collinear magnetic order in quantum magnets can harbor a novel higher-order topological magnon phase with non-Hermitian topology and hinge magnon modes. We consider a three-dimensional system of interacting local moments on stacked-layers of honeycomb lattice. It initially favors a collinear magnetic order along an in-plane direction, which turns into a non-collinear order upon applying an external magnetic field perpendicular to the easy axis. We exploit the non-Hermitian nature of the magnon Hamiltonian to show that this field-induced transition corresponds to the transformation from a topological magnon insulator to a higher-order topological magnon state with a one-dimensional hinge mode. As a concrete example, we discuss the recently-discovered monoclinic phase of the thin chromium trihalides, which we propose as the first promising material candidate of the higher-order topological magnon phase.
description: 10 pages + 3 figures
Senegal's Agricultural Economy in Brief
Creators: name: Skinner, Snider W
name: Skinner, Snider W
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1966
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: International Development
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: Excerpts from the report: The average size of farm in Senegal is 9 acres, according to the 1960 Census of Agriculture of Senegal. This is two or three times as large as average farms in the rainforest areas of tropical Africa, due to greater ease of clearing land in Senegal and the greater use of animal power there. Not many Senegalese farmers raise both crops and livestock; in general, crops are grown by crop farmers and livestock kept by livestock farmers. Peanuts are Senegal's main crop. Senegal is the world's second largest exporter of peanuts (after Nigeria) and the fifth largest producer of peanuts (after India, Mainland China, Nigeria, and the United States). In certain special localities, Senegalese farmers are commercial vegetable farmers, supplying Dakar and even shipping some vegetables abroad. Those grown include cabbages, carrots, tomatoes, green salad vegetables, green beans, squashes, and others. Livestock raising is not yet on much of a commercial basis. However, some observers envisage Senegal as a great cattle-growing country, supplying meat to the northern and equatorial areas of Africa and perhaps even shipping meat to Europe and the Middle East.
Impact of magnetism on screw dislocations in body-centered cubic chromium
Creators: name: Bienvenu, Baptiste
name: Fu, Chu
name: Clouet, Emmanuel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The influence of magnetism on the properties of screw dislocations in body-centered cubic chromium is investigated by means of ab initio calculations. Screw dislocations having Burgers vectors 1/2 111 and 100 are considered, following experimental observations showing activity for both slip systems. At low temperature, chromium has a magnetic order close to antiferromagnetism along 100 directions, for which 1/2 111 is not a periodicity vector. Hence, dislocations with Burgers vectors 1/2 111 generate magnetic faults when shearing the crystal, which constrain them to coexist and move pairwise, leading to dissociated 111 super-dislocations. On the other side, 100 is a periodicity vector of the magnetic order of chromium, and no such magnetic fault are generated when 100 dislocations glide. Dislocation properties are computed in the magnetically ordered and non magnetic phases of chromium for comparison purposes. We report a marginal impact of magnetism on the structural properties and energies of dislocations for both slip systems. The Peierls energy barrier opposing dislocation glide in {110} planes is comparable for both 1/2 111 {110} and 100 {110} slip systems, with lower Peierls stresses in the magnetically ordered phase of chromium.