cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Vom Seelengefährt zum Glorienleib
Creators: name: Bergemann, Lutz
name: Roling, Bernd
name: Bohle, Bettina
Publisher: name: Edition Topoi
Year: 2018

description: Platons Verwendung des ochema als Seelenwagen hat die weitere Begriffsgeschichte nachhaltig geprägt. Zentral dabei sind die ontologisch gleichsam liminale (Pseudo-)Stofflichkeit des Seelengefährts in ihren unterschiedlichen Feinheitsgraden und seine Funktionen, die in diversen metaphysischen, naturphilosophischen, epistemologischen und theologisch-soteriologischen Kontexten ausführlich diskutiert werden. Diese Debatten werden in den Texten des vorliegenden Sammelbandes aus vielen Perspektiven – u. a. Gräzistik, Mittellateinischer Philologie, Anglistik, Philosophie und Philosophiegeschichte sowie Lichtkunst/künstlerischer Forschung – aufgenommen und in ihren genuin differierenden Verwendungszusammenhängen, aber auch in ihren von der Antike bis in die Frühaufklärung (und darüber hinaus) reichenden Kontinuitäten interdisziplinär reflektiert.
Poesie des Seelenleibs
Creators: name: Lobsien, Verena Olejniczak
Publisher: name: Edition Topoi
Year: 2018

description: Der Beitrag befasst sich mit poetischen Vorstellungen vom Seelenleib in der englischen Dichtung des 17. Jahrhunderts. Am Beispiel von Gedichten Trahernes über die pränatale Verfasstheit der Seele, Donnes über ihr postmortales Leben und Crashaws über ihre leibhafte Kommunikation mit dem Göttlichen in der Gegenwart wird auf dem Hintergrund der antiken Diskussion und im Kontext zeitgenössischer philosophischer und theologischer Diskurse gezeigt, welcher Art diese Entfaltungen des ochema sind, wie sie das philosophische Konzept modellieren und zur Erfahrung bringen. Leitend ist dabei die Beobachtung, dass der Seelenleib selbst die Struktur einer Metapher hat. Daher erscheint das Medium der Metaphysical Poetry besonders gut zu seiner Präsentation geeignet: Die Texte weisen die strukturelle Poetizität des ochema auf, indem sie es in Metaphern seelenleiblicher Metaphorik imaginieren.
Zum Konzept der flüssigen Materie um 1750 am Beispiel Christian Wolffs
Creators: name: Hanns-Peter Neumann
Publisher: name: Edition Topoi
Year: 2018

description: In meinem Beitrag geht es um die Frage, wie die platonischen-neuplatonischen und frühneuzeitlichen Vorstellungen eines Ätherleibs, der medizinischen spiritus-Theorie und deskosmischen Äthers im 18. Jahrhundert transformiert wurden. Im Vordergrund steht die an Leibniz’ Philosophie angelehnte Materietheorie Christian Wolffs, der u. a. neuere neurophysiologische Erkenntnisse, aber auch alchemische Traditionen und Mutmaßungen zur Frage der elektrischen Materie in sein Konzept der flüssigen Materie integriert hat. Der Begriff der flüssigen Materie fungiert als Oberbegriff, der alle schnellen, volatilen und subtilen Materien unter sich fasst. Dazu gehören auch der Äther und das Nervenfluidum.
The Universe as a Cosmic String
Creators: name: Niedermann, Florian
name: Schneider, Robert
name: Hofmann, Stefan
name: Khoury, Justin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The cosmology of brane induced gravity in six infinite dimensions is investigated. It is shown that a brane with Friedmann-Robertson-Walker symmetries necessarily acts as a source of cylindrically symmetric gravitational waves, so called Einstein-Rosen waves. Their existence essentially distinguishes this model from its codimension-one counterpart and necessitates solving the nonlinear system of bulk and brane-matching equations. A numerical analysis is performed and two qualitatively different and dynamically separated classes of cosmologies are derived: degravitating solutions for which the Hubble parameter settles to zero despite the presence of a non-vanishing energy density on the brane and super-accelerating solutions for which Hubble grows unbounded. The parameter space of both the stable and unstable regime is derived and observational consequences are discussed: It is argued that the degravitating regime does not allow for a phenomenologically viable cosmology. On the other hand, the super-accelerating solutions are potentially viable, however, their unstable behavior questions their physical relevance.
description: 26 pages, 17 figures. v2: references updated, typos corrected; matches version published in Physical Review D
The role of inter-regional mobility in forecasting SARS-CoV-2 transmission
Creators: name: Uiterkamp, Martijn H. H. Schoot
name: Gösgens, Martijn
name: Heesterbeek, Hans
name: van der Hofstad, Remco
name: Litvak, Nelly
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: In this paper, we present a method to forecast the spread of SARS-CoV-2 across regions with a focus on the role of mobility. Mobility has previously been shown to play a significant role in the spread of the virus, particularly between regions. Here, we investigate under which epidemiological circumstances incorporating mobility into transmission models yields improvements in the accuracy of forecasting, where we take the situation in the Netherlands during and after the first wave of transmission in 2020 as a case study. We assess the quality of forecasting on the detailed level of municipalities, instead of on a nation-wide level. To model transmissions, we use a simple mobility-enhanced SEIR compartmental model with subpopulations corresponding to the Dutch municipalities. We use commuter information to quantify mobility, and develop a method based on maximum likelihood estimation to determine the other relevant parameters. We show that taking inter-regional mobility into account generally leads to an improvement in forecast quality. However, at times when policies are in place that aim to reduce contacts or travel, this improvement is very small.
description: 22 pages, 13 figures
title: 2023 Highly Migratory Species Annual Report
Creators: name: Southwest Fisheries Science Center
Publisher: name: Southwest Fisheries Science Center
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: SH328-329
subject: Fishery Management

description: The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Southwest Fisheries Science Center (NOAA SWFSC) collects fishery information and conducts research on managed fisheries and fish in the Eastern Pacific Ocean (EPO). This report focuses on the work of SWFSC scientists on highly migratory species (HMS) and their fisheries. Contributions and activities of the past year, April 1, 2022 – March 31, 2023, are briefly described.
Licht und Seelenleib
Creators: name: Gätjens, Lena
name: Bohle, Bettina
Publisher: name: Edition Topoi
Year: 2018

description: Wenn Licht auf einen Gegenstand trifft, hängt es von der Beschaffenheit des Gegenstands ab, wie sich das Licht verhält, ob es sich bricht, reflektiert wird oder durch den Gegenstand hindurchgeht. In philosophischen Zusammenhängen wird die Wirkweise des Lichts häufig in metaphorischer Weise dafür herangezogen, Erkenntnisprozesse zu beschreiben. Antike und neuzeitliche Vorstellungen davon, wie Seele und Körper zusammenhängen, bei denen es u. a. darum geht, wie Erkennen und Wahrnehmen zusammenhängen, nehmen häufig Analogie und Bilder der Wirkweise von Licht auf. Die Thematik der Beschaffenheit von Licht, wie sie in den Installationen verarbeitet wurde, sollte ein anderes Nachdenken über die Rolle des Seelenleibs, der zwischen Materialität und Immaterialität steht, anregen und ermöglichen. Der Prozess der Auseinandersetzung mit der Thematik von Seelen-leib und Lichttheorien in der Antike, der in der Vorbereitung der Installationen geleistet wurde, wie auch die Installationen selbst sind dabei Beispiele für künstlerisches Forschen.
Observation and studies of double J/psi production at the Tevatron
Creators: name: D0 Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the observation of doubly-produced $J/ψ$ mesons with the D0 detector at Fermilab in $p\bar{p}$ collisions at $\sqrt{s}=1.96$ TeV. The production cross section for both singly and doubly-produced $J/ψ$ mesons is measured using a sample with an integrated luminosity of 8.1fb$^{-1}$. For the first time, the double $J/ψ$ production cross section is separated into contributions due to single and double parton scatterings. Using these measurements, we determine the effective cross section $σ_{eff}$, a parameter characterizing an effective spatial area of the parton-parton interactions and related to the parton spatial density inside the nucleon.
description: 9 pages, 4 figures
Филологические науки,Выпуск 3 (66) 2022
Creators: name: АО «КазУМОиМЯ им.Абылай хана»
Publisher: name: АО «КазУМОиМЯ им.Абылай хана»
Year: 2022

description: Филологические науки,Выпуск 3 (66) 2022
Higher Order Corrections and Unification in the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model: SOFTSUSY3.5.0
Creators: name: Allanach, B. C.
name: Bednyakov, A.
name: de Austri, R. Ruiz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore the effects of three-loop minimal supersymmetric standard model renormalisation group equation terms and some leading two-loopthreshold corrections on gauge and Yukawa unification: each being one loop higher order than current public spectrum calculators. We also explore the effect of the higher order terms (often 2-3 GeV) on the lightest CP even Higgs mass prediction. We illustrate our results in the constrained minimal supersymmetric standard model. Neglecting threshold corrections at the grand unified scale, the discrepancy between the unification scale $α_s$ and the other two unified gauge couplings changes by 0.1$\%$ due to the higher order corrections and the difference between unification scale bottom-tau Yukawa couplings neglecting unification scale threshold corrections changes by up to 1$\%$. The difference between unification scale bottom and top Yukawa couplings changes by a few percent. Differences due to the higher order corrections also give an estimate of the size of theoretical uncertainties in the minimal supersymmetric standard model spectrum. We use these to provide estimates of theoretical uncertainties in predictions of the dark matter relic density (which can be of order one due to its strong dependence on sparticle masses) and the LHC sparticle production cross-section (often around 30$\%$). The additional higher order corrections have been incorporated into SOFTSUSY, and we provide details on how to compile and use the program. We also provide a summary of the approximations used in the higher order corrections.
Parity violation in pre-inflationary bounce
Creators: name: Wang, Yu-Tong
name: Piao, Yun-Song
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The power suppression at largest scale in the CMB TT powerspectrum might imply the occurrence of a pre-inflationary bounce. We calculate the circularly polarized gravitational wave, leaded by the gravitational Chern-Simons term which universally appears in particle physics and string theory, in an inflationary background with the pre-inflationary bounce. The circularly polarized gravitational wave will induce TB and EB correlations at CMB last scatting surface. We find that although the BB powerspectrum at largest scale is also suppressed, the TB and EB powerspectra at corresponding scales may be enhanced.
description: 15 pages, 4 figures,the final version
title: Multi-platform news
Creators: name: Diehl, Trevor
Year: 2018

description: In dieser Arbeit wird untersucht, welcher Zusammenhang zwischen den durch verschiedene Multi-Plattform-News ermöglichten Angebote und dem politischen Verhalten sowie der öffentliche Meinungsbildung von Personen besteht. Die zentrale Forschungsfrage dieser Arbeit lautet: Wie nutzen Menschen Kommunikationstechnologien, um Nachrichten zu nutzen und politisch zu partizipieren? Zunächst wird die „Media System Dependency Theory” (MSD) als Alternative zu Konzepten, die sich auf Mikro-Ebene mit Medieneffekten beschäftigen, diskutiert. MSD trägt zu einem besseren Verständnis der Rolle von neuen Medienpraktiken im Hinblick auf politisches Verhalten bei, da es den größeren soziotechnischen Kontext berücksichtigt, in dem Nachrichten und Informationen über öffentliche Angelegenheiten konsumiert werden. Zusätzlich beinhaltet die Arbeit vier abgeschlossene Fachzeitschriftenaufsätze (3 veröffentlichte und einer im Review-Prozess), die mehrere empirische und theoretische Lücken in der aktuellen Literatur füllen. Mit Hilfe von Paneldaten aus den USA (N = 1.812) und die Welt (N = 21.218) werden die verschiedenen Nutzungsarten von Multi-Plattform-News (einschließlich Social Media und Broadcast Media) untersucht. Dabei werden die Effekte der plattformübergreifenden Nachrichtennutzung auf alternative Formen der politischen Partizipation, auf die Bildung von Einstellungen in Onlineumgebungen und Sorgen über den Klimawandel. Abschließend werden die Ergebnisse vor dem Hintergrund der Grenzen von Umfrageforschung sowie der Probleme normativer Partizipationstheorien diskutiert.
description: This thesis explores multi-platform news, an emerging media practice, and its influence on public opinion and political behavior. The central research question this project addresses is: How does multi-platform news influence public opinion and political behavior? Media System Dependency Theory (MSD) is discussed as an alternative to micro-level media effects concepts. MSD is particularly helpful for understanding the role of emerging media practices in prompting political behavior, because it accounts for the larger sociotechnical context in which news and public affairs information is consumed. The thesis includes four completed journal articles (3 published and one under review) that explore several empirical and theoretical gaps in the literature. Relying on panel survey data from the United States (N = 1,812) and around the world (N = 21,218), the chapters analyze the various uses of multi-platform news (including social media and broadcast media). The chapters test the effects of multi-platform news use on alternative modes of political participation, opinion formation online, and concerns about global climate change. The nature of the findings is discussed in light of limitations of survey research, as well as the problems with normative democratic theory.
Zur Vorgeschichte der Theorie des Seelenwagens zwischen Platon und den Neuplatonikern
Creators: name: Helmig, Christoph
Publisher: name: Edition Topoi
Year: 2018

description: Der Beitrag untersucht einige verstreute Bemerkungen in den Texten mittelplatonischer Autoren, insbesondere in den Moralia Plutarchs von Chaironea, die möglicherweise Hinweise auf das Konzept des Seelenwagens enthalten. In mindestens zwei seiner platonisch inspirierten Schlussmythen (in den Schriften De sera numinis vindicta und De genio Socratis) finden wir Vorstellungen und Motive im Zusammenhang mit Natur und Gestalt der menschlichen Seele, die nicht ohne Weiteres aus Plutarchs Quellen erklärt werden können. Charakter und Funktion dieser Stellen lassen eine Tradition erahnen, die lange vor den systematischen Entwürfen der Neuplatoniker eine Theorie des Seelen-wagens kannte, die starkmythische Züge trug. Aufgearbeitet werden soll, mit anderen Worten, die weitest-gehend unerforschte Geschichte des Seelengefährts zwischen Platon und den Neuplatonikern.
Giant overlap between the magnetic and superconducting phases of CeAu2Si2 under pressure
Creators: name: Ren, Z.
name: Pourovskii, L. V.
name: Giriat, G.
name: Lapertot, G.
name: Georges, A.
name: Jaccard, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: High pressure provides a powerful means for exploring unconventional superconductivity which appears mostly on the border of magnetism. Here we report the discovery of pressure-induced heavy fermion superconductivity up to 2.5 K in the antiferromanget CeAu2Si2 (TN ~ 10 K). Remarkably, the magnetic and superconducting phases are found to overlap across an unprecedentedly wide pressure interval from 11.8 to 22.3 GPa. Moreover, both the bulk Tc and TM are strongly enhanced when increasing the pressure from 16.7 to 20.2 GPa. Tc reaches a maximum at a pressure slightly below pc ~ 22.5 GPa, at which magnetic order disappears. Furthermore, the scaling behavior of the resistivity provides evidence for a continuous delocalization of the Ce 4f-electrons associated with a critical endpoint lying just above pc. We show that the maximum Tc of CeAu2Si2 actually occurs at almost the same unit-cell volume as that of CeCu2Si2 and CeCu2Ge2, and when the Kondo and crystal field splitting energies becomes comparable. Dynamical mean-filed theory calculations suggest that the peculiar behavior in pressurized CeAu2Si2 might be related to its Ce 4f-orbital occupancy. Our results not only provide a unique example of the interplay between superconductivity and magnetism, but also underline the role of orbital physics in understanding Ce-based heavy fermion systems.
description: 10 pages, 4 figures. Supplemental Material available on request
Loss of secreted gelsolin enhances response to anticancer therapies.
Creators: name: Lim, Kok Haw Jonathan
name: Giampazolias, Evangelos
name: Schulz, Oliver
name: Rogers, Neil C
name: Wilkins, Anna
name: Sahai, Erik
name: Strid, Jessica
name: Reis e Sousa, Caetano
Publisher: name: The Francis Crick Institute
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Model organisms
subject: Imaging
subject: Tumour Biology
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Infectious Disease
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Type 1 conventional dendritic cells (cDC1) play a critical role in priming anticancer cytotoxic CD8+ T cells. DNGR-1 (a.k.a. CLEC9A) is a cDC1 receptor that binds to F-actin exposed on necrotic cancer and normal cells. DNGR-1 signaling enhances cross-presentation of dead-cell associated antigens, including tumor antigens. We have recently shown that secreted gelsolin (sGSN), a plasma protein, competes with DNGR-1 for binding to dead cell-exposed F-actin and dampens anticancer immunity. Here, we investigated the effects of loss of sGSN on various anticancer therapies that are thought to induce cell death and provoke an immune response to cancer. We compared WT (wildtype) with Rag1-/- , Batf3-/- , Clec9agfp/gfp , sGsn-/- or sGsn-/- Clec9agfp/gfp mice implanted with transplantable tumor cell lines, including MCA-205 fibrosarcoma, 5555 BrafV600E melanoma and B16-F10 LifeAct (LA)-ovalbumin (OVA)-mCherry melanoma. Tumor-bearing mice were treated with (1) doxorubicin (intratumoral) chemotherapy for MCA-205, (2) BRAF-inhibitor PLX4720 (oral gavage) targeted therapy for 5555 BrafV600E, and (3) X-ray radiotherapy for B16 LA-OVA-mCherry. We confirmed that efficient tumor control following each therapy requires an immunocompetent host as efficacy was markedly reduced in Rag1-/- compared with WT mice. Notably, across all the therapeutic modalities, loss of sGSN significantly enhanced tumor control compared with treated WT controls. This was an on-target effect as mice deficient in both sGSN and DNGR-1 behaved no differently from WT mice following therapy. In sum, we find that mice deficient in sGsn display enhanced DNGR-1-dependent responsiveness to chemotherapy, targeted therapy and radiotherapy. Our findings are consistent with the notion some cancer therapies induce immunogenic cell death (ICD), which mobilizes anticancer T cells. Our results point to cDC1 and DNGR-1 as decoders of ICD and to sGSN as a negative regulator of such decoding, highlighting sGSN as a possible target in cancer treatment. Further prospective studies are warranted to identify patients who may benefit most from inhibition of sGSN function.
title: 3D-Druck als Mittel der Bauteilbeschaffung
title: Analyse der Einsatzbereitschaft, des Potenzials und der Grenzen additiver Fertigungsverfahren in der Schienenverkehrsindustrie
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Grames, Patrik
name: Hildebrandt, Lennart
name: Fette, Marc
name: Krenz, Pascal
name: Moritz, Manuel
name: Redlich, Tobias
name: Wulfsberg, Jens
Publisher: name: Deutsches Zentrum für Schienenverkehrsforschung beim Eisenbahn-Bundesamt
Year: 2022

description: In: Berichte des Deutschen Zentrums für Schienenverkehrsforschung, Bericht 28 (2022), Kurzfassung (DE) und Abstract (EN)
Observability for Non-autonomous Systems
Creators: name: Bombach, Clemens
name: Gabel, Fabian
name: Seifert, Christian
name: Tautenhahn, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35Q93, 47N70 (Primary) 93B07, 93B28 (Secondary)

description: We study non-autonomous observation systems \begin{align*} \dot{x}(t) = A(t) x(t),\quad y(t) = C(t) x(t),\quad x(0) = x_0\in X, \end{align*} where $(A(t))$ is a strongly measurable family of closed operators on a Banach space $X$ and $(C(t))$ is a family of bounded observation operators from $X$ to a Banach space $Y$. Based on an abstract uncertainty principle and a dissipation estimate, we prove that the observation system satisfies a final-state observability estimate in $\mathrm{L}^r(E; Y)$ for measurable subsets $E \subseteq [0,T], T > 0$. We present applications of the above result to families $(A(t))$ of uniformly strongly elliptic differential operators as well as non-autonomous Ornstein-Uhlenbeck operators $P(t)$ on $\mathrm{L}^p(\mathbb{R}^d)$ with observation operators $C(t)u = u|_{Ω(t)}$. In the setting of non-autonomous strongly elliptic operators, we derive necessary and sufficient geometric conditions on the family of sets $(Ω(t))$ such that the corresponding observation system satisfies a final-state observability estimate.
description: minor corrections
ochema und zoe
Creators: name: Bohle, Bettina
Publisher: name: Edition Topoi
Year: 2018

description: Das pneumatische ochema spielt für Proklos eine wesentliche Rolle bei ethischen Fragestellungen wie der nach der richtigen Lebensweise. Dies wird deutlich aus seinen Ausführungen zu der Vorstellung von Seelengerichten, die über die Lebensweise der Menschenurteilen, und Transmigration, also Seelenwanderung und Wiedergeburt von Seelen, bei denen es Proklos vor allem um Konzepte wie Individualität und Affizierbarkeit der Seele geht. Diese Affizierbarkeit besteht jedoch nicht allein nach dem körperlichen Tod, sondern auch während des Lebens, wofür Proklos einen weiteren Begriff verwendet, nämlich den der zoe. Häufig verwendet Proklos den Begriff der zoe auch in Verbindung mit dem Seelenleib, dem ochema. In diesem Beitrag soll einerseits der Zusammenhang zwischen ochema und zoe, andererseits das Verhältnis der anzustrebendenden philosophischen zoe zu theurgischen Praktiken untersucht werden.
Topological Superconductivity induced by Ferromagnetic Metal Chains
Creators: name: Li, Jian
name: Chen, Hua
name: Drozdov, Ilya K.
name: Yazdani, A.
name: Bernevig, B. Andrei
name: MacDonald, A. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent experiments have provided evidence that one-dimensional (1D) topological superconductivity can be realized experimentally by placing transition metal atoms that form a ferromagnetic chain on a superconducting substrate. We address some properties of this type of systems by using a Slater-Koster tight-binding model. We predict that topological superconductivity is nearly universal when ferromagnetic transition metal chains form straight lines on superconducting substrates and that it is possible for more complex chain structures. The proximity induced superconducting gap is $\sim ΔE_{so} / J$ where $Δ$ is the $s$-wave pair-potential on the chain, $E_{so}$ is the spin-orbit splitting energy induced in the normal chain state bands by hybridization with the superconducting substrate, and $J$ is the exchange-splitting of the ferromagnetic chain $d$-bands. Because of the topological character of the 1D superconducting state, Majorana end modes appear within the gaps of finite length chains. We find, in agreement with experiment, that when the chain and substrate orbitals are strongly hybridized, Majorana end modes are substantially reduced in amplitude when separated from the chain end by less than the coherence length defined by the $p$-wave superconducting gap. We conclude that Pb is a particularly favorable substrate material for ferromagnetic chain topological superconductivity because it provides both strong $s-$wave pairing and strong Rashba spin-orbit coupling, but that there is an opportunity to optimize properties by varying the atomic composition and structure of the chain. Finally, we note that in the absence of disorder a new chain magnetic symmetry, one that is also present in the crystalline topological insulators, can stabilize multiple Majorana modes at the end of a single chain.
description: 19 pages, 15 figures; an analysis of Majorana decay length scale has been added in the revised version
Glorienleib und anima phantastica
Creators: name: Eusterschulte, Anne
Publisher: name: Edition Topoi
Year: 2018

description: Der Beitrag thematisiert eine Schnittstelle zwischen neuplatonischen Konzeptualisierungen des Spiritus phantasticus und christlichen Vorstellungen einer spezifischen Leiblichkeit und doch nicht materiell-korporalen Verfasstheit des Auferstehungsleibes bzw. des sogenannten Glorienleibes. In der Frühscholastik formiert sich eine Verflechtung von Seelenkonzepten, innerhalb derer die Mittlerstellung der anima imaginativa als quasi-korporale, luzide, spirituale Instanz in den Fokus rückt, um sowohl die innerweltlichen mentalen Prozesse einer spiritualen Schau als auch überwelt-liche Modi einer spiritualen Geistigkeit der Individualseele zu bestimmen. Das Konzept der anima phantastica wird zu einem nachhaltig wirksamen Vermittlungsmodell von Seelenwagenvorstellungen und Imaginationsleistungen neuplatonischer Provenienz mit christlichen Modellierungen eines transfigurierten Glorienleibes.
Zwischen Intelligibilität und Sensibilität: Naturphilosophische Grundlagenforschung im 12. Jahrhundert
Creators: name: Selent, Cornelia
Publisher: name: Edition Topoi
Year: 2018

description: Wilhelm von Conches und andere Naturphilosophen beschäftigen sich im frühen 12. Jh. wiederholt mit dem graduellen Übergang von der Immaterialität zur sinnlichen-stofflichen Materialität im Konzept der Vereinigung von Körper und Seele, insbesondere im Zusammenhangmit dem platoni-schen tertium genus der Hyle/Silva sowie der christlichen Vorstellung von einer feinstofflichen Leiblichkeit. In beiden Fällen geht es um eine liminale Materialität im Prozess der Ver- und Entstofflichung. Historisch bedeutsam ist der Rückgriff auf die Elementenlehre; so wird z. B. durch Verfahren der Verfeinerung ein Punkt jenseits des Elements ‚Feuer‘ erreicht, an dem nicht klar ist, ob es sich noch um Materie oder schon um einen verstofflichten Bereich der immateriellen Intelligi-bilität handelt. Diese experimentelle Denkrichtung sollte mit der Dominanz der aristotelischen Philosophie schnell wieder in Vergessenheit geraten.
Electric-magnetic duality and renormalization in curved spacetimes
Creators: name: Agullo, Ivan
name: Landete, Aitor
name: Navarro-Salas, Jose
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We point out that the duality symmetry of free electromagnetism does not hold in the quantum theory if an arbitrary classical gravitational background is present. The symmetry breaks in the process of renormalization, as also happens with conformal invariance. We show that a similar duality-anomaly appears for a massless scalar field in $1+1$ dimensions.
description: 7 pages, 0 figures, Published version
Der Seelenwagen als quadriga rationalis bei Marsilio Ficino
Creators: name: Leinkauf, Thomas
Publisher: name: Edition Topoi
Year: 2018

description: Der Beitrag wendet sich dem Konzept des Seelenwagens bei Ficino zu. Auf der Grundlage einer Darstellung der Lehre vom ochema in der Entwicklung von Platon bis Proklos werden differenziert die Bedeutungen interpretiert, die diese Metapher im Werk Ficinos übernehmen kann. Der Text stellt zunächst die weit verbreitete Bedeutung des ochemas dar als eines Kontakt- und Transaktions-raumes zwischen zwei unterschiedlichen Seinsbereichen, d.h. zwischen der unstofflich-intelligiblen Seele und ihrem stofflichen Körper sowie dessen Vollzügen. In dieser Funktion besitzt das ochema bereits eine multifunktionale Position als Medium von Tätigkeiten, die aus dem Intelligiblen in das Stoffliche vermittelt werden. Im Anschluss daran wird im Text Ficinos singulärer Gebrauch der Metapher vom Seelengefährt als einem vierspännigen Streitwagen untersucht, der den seelischen Möglichkeitsraum der Verschränkung von geistiger Selbstentfaltung mit geistigem Selbstbezug versinnbildlichen soll. Damit verschiebt sich die Bedeutung des Konzeptes vom ochema von der biologisch-kosmologischen Perspektive auf eine mental-intellektuelle und gewinnt in der neuplatonischen Seelenlehre einen neuen Aspekt hinzu. Das ochema dient in diesem Fall nämlich dazu, das Vermögen der Vernunftseele zu Selbstrealisierung und reflexiver Einheit in seiner Breite und Tiefe sowie die sich dabei entwickelnde Spannung der metaphysischen Bewegungen von Entfaltung und Rückwendung auch topologisch-dynamisch zu veranschaulichen.
Keplers Seelenlehre zwischen Physik und Theologie
Creators: name: Salatowsky, Sascha
Publisher: name: Edition Topoi
Year: 2018

description: Dieser Beitrag untersucht Keplers Weltharmonik mit Blick auf das Leib-Seele-Verhältnis sowie die Auferstehung. Bei Kepler sind Körper und Seele nicht so stark voneinander getrennt, dass es der Vermittlung bedürfte. Trotzdem gibt es Ähnlichkeiten zu Theorien des Seelenleibs: Die in Keplers Werk Harmonices Mundi entworfene Weltenharmonie findet ihre Entsprechung in der Beschreibung der Seelenharmonie. Eine wesentliche Rolle spielt beim Auffinden der Harmonie in der imperfekten materiellen Welt die Seelentätigkeit. Keplerfragt danach, wie die Seele, die doch der Sitz des Immateriellen ist, durch die Sinnesorgane Entitäten aufnimmt, die mit Materie verbunden sind. Hierbei geht es vor allem um mathematische und geometrische Begriffe, die Kepler als Bindeglied zwischen den Sinnesdingen und der von den Sinnesdingen losgelösten Harmonie versteht. Intensiv setzt sich Kepler mit Platons und Proklos’ Ausführungen zur Seelenlehre auseinander. Für Kepler geht es dabei auch um die Verbesserung der heidnischen Seelenlehre und die Vereinbarung mit christlichen Vorstellungen, wobei er Platons Timaios als Kommentar zum 1. Buch Moses sieht. Deutlich wird an der Auseinandersetzung mit Keplers Thesen, welcher philosophischen Bedingungen und Konstellationen das Ochēma-Konzept bedarf, um in der Seelenlehre eine prominente Rolle als Raum bzw. Ort meta-physischer Transaktionen zu finden, und an welchen Konstellationen es eine systematisch motivierte Begrenzung und Transformation erfährt.
Mono vs Multilingual BERT: A Case Study in Hindi and Marathi Named Entity Recognition
Creators: name: Litake, Onkar
name: Sabane, Maithili
name: Patil, Parth
name: Ranade, Aparna
name: Joshi, Raviraj
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Named entity recognition (NER) is the process of recognising and classifying important information (entities) in text. Proper nouns, such as a person's name, an organization's name, or a location's name, are examples of entities. The NER is one of the important modules in applications like human resources, customer support, search engines, content classification, and academia. In this work, we consider NER for low-resource Indian languages like Hindi and Marathi. The transformer-based models have been widely used for NER tasks. We consider different variations of BERT like base-BERT, RoBERTa, and AlBERT and benchmark them on publicly available Hindi and Marathi NER datasets. We provide an exhaustive comparison of different monolingual and multilingual transformer-based models and establish simple baselines currently missing in the literature. We show that the monolingual MahaRoBERTa model performs the best for Marathi NER whereas the multilingual XLM-RoBERTa performs the best for Hindi NER. We also perform cross-language evaluation and present mixed observations.
description: Accepted at ICMISC 2022
title: Case Study: Intra- and Interpersonal Coherence of Muscle and Brain Activity of Two Coupled Persons during Pushing and Holding Isometric Muscle Action
Creators: name: Schaefer, Laura V.
name: Bittmann, Frank N.
Publisher: name: Universitätsverlag Potsdam
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie

description: Inter-brain synchronization is primarily investigated during social interactions but had not been examined during coupled muscle action between two persons until now. It was previously shown that mechanical muscle oscillations can develop coherent behavior between two isometrically interacting persons. This case study investigated if inter-brain synchronization appears thereby, and if differences of inter- and intrapersonal muscle and brain coherence exist regarding two different types of isometric muscle action. Electroencephalography (EEG) and mechanomyography/mechanotendography (MMG/MTG) of right elbow extensors were recorded during six fatiguing trials of two coupled isometrically interacting participants (70% MVIC). One partner performed holding and one pushing isometric muscle action (HIMA/PIMA; tasks changed). The wavelet coherence of all signals (EEG, MMG/MTG, force, ACC) were analyzed intra- and interpersonally. The five longest coherence patches in 8–15 Hz and their weighted frequency were compared between real vs. random pairs and between HIMA vs. PIMA. Real vs. random pairs showed significantly higher coherence for intra-muscle, intra-brain, and inter-muscle-brain activity (p < 0.001 to 0.019). Inter-brain coherence was significantly higher for real vs. random pairs for EEG of right and central areas and for sub-regions of EEG left (p = 0.002 to 0.025). Interpersonal muscle-brain synchronization was significantly higher than intrapersonal one, whereby it was significantly higher for HIMA vs. PIMA. These preliminary findings indicate that inter-brain synchronization can arise during muscular interaction. It is hypothesized both partners merge into one oscillating neuromuscular system. The results reinforce the hypothesis that HIMA is characterized by more complex control strategies than PIMA. The pilot study suggests investigating the topic further to verify these results on a larger sample size. Findings could contribute to the basic understanding of motor control and is relevant for functional diagnostics such as the manual muscle test which is applied in several disciplines, e.g., neurology, physiotherapy.
description: Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe; 782
Licht von innen
Creators: name: Roling, Bernd
Publisher: name: Edition Topoi
Year: 2018

description: Seit den Kirchenvätern war die körperliche Auferstehung ein notwendiger Bestandteil der christlichen Eschatologie. Übereinstimmend hatte die Kirche gelehrt, dass die Seele gemeinsam mit ihrem Körper im Jenseits belohnt oder bestraft werden sollte. Doch welche Gestalt sollte dieser neue Körper annehmen, der zugleich derselbe alte Leib in seiner Essenz und Kontinuität bleiben musste? Wie ihre mittelalterlichen Vorgänger schenkten auch die Jesuiten viele Quästionen ihrer Cursus theologici diesem Sonderfall des Leib-Seele-Problems. Wie war sinnliche Wahrnehmung denkbar, wenn Veränderungen in einem vollkommenen Leib ausgeschlossen waren und zugleich jedes Medium fehlte? Wie ließen sich die in der christlichen Tradition überlieferten Eigenschaften des auferstandenen Körpers, agilitas, claritas, subtilitas und impassbilitas, erklären und mit der zeitgenös-sischen Physik in Einklang bringen? Die Studie wählt Francesco Suárez, Adam Tanner und Rodrigo Arriaga als Beispiele einer ausgreifenden Debatte um den Glorienleib im Jesuitenorden.
Theurgie, Imagination und aitherischer Seelenleib: Aspekte visionärer, ritueller Dichtung bei Henry More?
Creators: name: Bergemann, Lutz
Publisher: name: Edition Topoi
Year: 2018

description: In diesem Beitrag wird der Versuch unternommen, die Gedichte der Psychodia Platonica des Cambridger Platonikers Henry More vor dem Hintergrund ritueller, theurgischer Texte des spätantiken Neuplatonismus zu verstehen, um sich auf diese Weise der zentralen Rolle, die der aitherische Seelenleib (ochema) als Inspirationsmedium für diese Dichtung spielt, hermeneutisch anzunähern. Als rituell-performativer Text theurgischer Qualität thematisiert die Psychodia Platonica nicht nur metaphysisch-theologische Inhalte, sondern nutzt diese und ihre sprachliche Gestalt zugleich, um zu einer spirituellen Veränderung bei den Rezipierenden anzuleiten.
Information Preferences of Individual Agents in Linear-Quadratic-Gaussian Network Games
Creators: name: Sezer, Furkan
name: Eksin, Ceyhun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computer Science and Game Theory (cs.GT)
subject: Multiagent Systems (cs.MA)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: General Economics (econ.GN)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We consider linear-quadratic-Gaussian (LQG) network games in which agents have quadratic payoffs that depend on their individual and neighbors' actions, and an unknown payoff-relevant state. An information designer determines the fidelity of information revealed to the agents about the payoff state to maximize the social welfare. Prior results show that full information disclosure is optimal under certain assumptions on the payoffs, i.e., it is beneficial for the average individual. In this paper, we provide conditions based on the strength of the dependence of payoffs on neighbors' actions, i.e., competition, under which a rational agent is expected to benefit, i.e., receive higher payoffs, from full information disclosure. We find that all agents benefit from information disclosure for the star network structure when the game is symmetric and submodular or supermodular. We also identify that the central agent benefits more than a peripheral agent from full information disclosure unless the competition is strong and the number of peripheral agents is small enough. Despite the fact that all agents expect to benefit from information disclosure ex-ante, a central agent can be worse-off from information disclosure in many realizations of the payoff state under strong competition, indicating that a risk-averse central agent can prefer uninformative signals ex-ante.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures
Fast Radio Bursts
Creators: name: Xiao, Di
name: Wang, Fayin
name: Dai, Zigao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The era of fast radio bursts (FRBs) was open in 2007, when a very bright radio pulse of unknown origin was discovered occasionally in the archival data of Parkes Telescope. Over the past fifteen years, this mysterious phenomenon have caught substantial attention among the scientific community and become one of the hottest topic in high-energy astrophysics. The total number of events has a dramatic increase to a few hundred recently, benefiting from new dedicated surveys and improved observational techniques. Our understanding of these bursts has been undergoing a revolutionary growth with observational breakthroughs announced consistently. In this chapter, we will give a comprehensive introduction of FRBs, including the latest progress. Starting from the basics, we will go through population study, inherent physical mechanism, and all the way to the application in cosmology. Plenty of open questions exist right now and there is more surprise to come in this active young field.
description: Invited chapter for {\it Handbook of X-ray and Gamma-ray Astrophysics} (Eds. C. Bambi and A. Santangelo, Springer Singapore, expected in 2022)
2024-09-13 Metacognitive Moral Learning & Decision Making in Realistic Moral Dilemmas | Vanessa Cheung and Max Maier
Creators: name: Cheung, Vanessa
name: Maier, Maximilian
Publisher: name: OSF
Year: 2021

description: Many controversies arise from disagreements about which decision-making strategies to use in which situations (e.g., following rules or reliance on cost-benefit reasoning). In this talk, we propose a new theory of moral decision-making based on strategy selection that explains how these differences arise. Using a new paradigm with realistic moral dilemmas (across four experiments, total N=2328), we show how moral strategy selection learning (i.e., metacognitive learning) from the consequences of previous moral decisions can influence people's reliance on different decision-making strategies. Using computational modeling, we showed that many participants learned about decision strategies in general (metacognitive learning) rather than specific actions. Their learning transferred to incentive-compatible donation decisions and moral convictions beyond the experiment. Further, we use the new scenarios to compare large language model (LLM) and human moral decision-making, finding that human decisions are consistent with the strategy-selection account but not LLM decisions. LLMs show stronger omission bias and an additional type of “yes-no” bias not shared by humans. We conclude that strategy selection is an important mechanism of human moral decision-making and discuss the implications of this account.

Maier, M.*, Cheung, V.*, & Lieder, F. (2023). Metacognitive Learning from Consequences of Past Choices Shapes Moral Decision-Making. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/gjf3h
Cheung, V.*, Maier, M.*, & Lieder, F. (2024). Large Language Models Amplify Human Biases in Moral Decision-Making. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/aj46b
Harmonic flow correlations in Au+Au reactions at 1.23 AGeV: A new testing ground for the Equation-of-State and expansion geometry
Creators: name: Reichert, Tom
name: Steinheimer, Jan
name: Herold, Christoph
name: Limphirat, Ayut
name: Bleicher, Marcus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Correlations between the harmonic flow coefficients $v_1$, $v_2$, $v_3$ and $v_4$ of nucleons in semi-peripheral Au+Au collisions at a beam energy of 1.23~AGeV are investigated within the hadronic transport approach Ultra-relativistic Quantum Molecular Dynamics (UrQMD). In contrast to ultra-relativistic collision energies (where the flow coefficients are evaluated with respect to the respective event plane), we predict strong correlations between the flow harmonics with respect to the reaction plane. Based on an event-by-event selection of the midrapidity final state elliptic flow of protons we show that as a function of rapidity, I) the sign of the triangular flow changes, II) that the shape of $v_4$ changes from convex to concave, and III) that $v_3\propto v_1v_2$ and $v_4\propto v_2^2$ for all different event classes, indicating strong correlations between all investigated harmonic flow coefficients.
description: 9 pages, 8 figures
Exact multi-soliton solutions in the four dimensional Skyrme model
Creators: name: Canfora, Fabrizio
name: Correa, Francisco
name: Zanelli, Jorge
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Exact analytic solutions of the Skyrme model defined on a spherically symmetric $R^{(1,1)} \times S^2$ geometry, chosen to mimic finite volume effects, are presented. The static and spherically symmetric configurations have non-trivial winding number and finite soliton mass. These configurations possess an extra topological charge, allowing for a novel BPS bound which can be saturated, unlike what happens in the standard case. Such solutions include exact multi-Skyrmions of arbitrary winding number, composed by interacting elementary Skyrmions. The values of the coupling constants and the compression modulus are found in good agreement with experiments by fitting the masses $M_N$ and $M_Δ$.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures. Presentation improved and the computation of the compression modulus included. Published version
How well can cold-dark-matter substructures account for the observed radio flux-ratio anomalies?
Creators: name: Xu, Dandan
name: Sluse, Dominique
name: Gao, Liang
name: Wang, Jie
name: Frenk, Carlos
name: Mao, Shude
name: Schneider, Peter
name: Springel, Volker
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Discrepancies between the observed and model-predicted radio flux ratios are seen in a number of quadruply-lensed quasars. The most favored interpretation of these anomalies is that CDM substructures present in lensing galaxies perturb the lens potentials and alter image magnifications and thus flux ratios. So far no consensus has emerged regarding whether or not the predicted CDM substructure abundance fully accounts for the lensing flux anomaly observations. Accurate modeling relies on a realistic lens sample in terms of both the lens environment and internal structures and substructures. In this paper we construct samples of generalised and specific lens potentials, to which we add (rescaled) subhalo populations from the galaxy-scale Aquarius and the cluster-scale Phoenix simulation suites. We further investigate the lensing effects from subhalos of masses several orders of magnitude below the simulation resolution limit. The resulting flux ratio distributions are compared to the currently best available sample of radio lenses. The observed anomalies in B0128+437, B0712+472 and B1555+375 are more likely to be caused by propagation effects or oversimplified lens modeling, signs of which are already seen in the data. Among the quadruple systems that have closely located image triplets/pairs, the anomalous flux ratios of MG0414+0534 can be reproduced by adding CDM subhalos to its macroscopic lens potential, with a probability of 5%-20%; for B0712+472, B1422+231, B1555+375 and B2045+265, these probabilities are only of a few percent. We hence find that CDM substructures are unlikely to be the whole reason for radio flux anomalies. We discuss other possible effects that might also be at work.
description: 21 pages, 3 tables, 9 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS. This paper supersedes our previous preprint arXiv:1307.4220. The methodology has been significantly improved and this has reached quantitatively different results