cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Incoherent Control of Locally Controllable Quantum Systems
Creators: name: Dong, Daoyi
name: Zhang, Chenbin
name: Rabitz, Herschel
name: Pechen, Alexander
name: Tarn, Tzyh-Jong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An incoherent control scheme for state control of locally controllable quantum systems is proposed. This scheme includes three steps: (1) amplitude amplification of the initial state by a suitable unitary transformation, (2) projective measurement on the amplified state, and (3) final optimization by a unitary controlled transformation. The first step increases the amplitudes of some desired eigenstates and the corresponding probability of observing these eigenstates, the second step projects, with high probability, the amplified state into a desired eigenstate, and the last step steers this eigenstate into the target state. Within this scheme, two control algorithms are presented for two classes of quantum systems. As an example, the incoherent control scheme is applied to the control of a hydrogen atom by an external field. The results support the suggestion that projective measurements can serve as an effective control and local controllability information can be used to design control laws for quantum systems. Thus, this scheme establishes a subtle connection between control design and controllability analysis of quantum systems and provides an effective engineering approach for controlling quantum systems with partial controllability information.
description: 25 pages, 5 figures, Latex
The physics of the MHD disk-jet transition in binary systems: jetted spiral walls launched from disk spiral arms
Creators: name: Sheikhnezami, Somayeh
name: Fendt, Christian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a detailed physical analysis of the jet launching mechanism of a circum-stellar disk that is located in a binary system. Applying 3D resistive MHD simulations, we investigate the local and global properties of the system, such as the angular momentum transport and the accretion and ejection mass fluxes. In comparison to previous works, for the first time, we have considered the full magnetic torque, the presence of an outflow, thus the angular momentum transport by vertical motion, and the binary torque. We discuss its specific 3D structure, and how it is affected by tidal effects. We find that the spiral structure evolving in the disk is {\em launched into the outflow}. We propose to call this newly discovered structure a {\em jet spiral wall}. These spiral features follow the same time evolution, with the jet spiral somewhat lagging the disk spiral. We find that the vertical transport of angular momentum has a significant role in the total angular momentum budget also in a binary system. The same holds for the magnetic torque, however, the contribution from the $ϕ$-derivative of magnetic pressure and the $B_ϕB_r$ stresses are small. The gravity torque arising from the time-dependent 3D Roche potential becomes essential, as it constitutes the fundamental cause for all 3D effects appearing in our disk-jet system. Quantitatively, we find that the disk accretion rate in a binary system increases by $20\%$ compared to a disk around a single star. The disk wind mass flux increases by even 50\%.
description: 32 pages,24 figures, Accepted for publication in Astrophysical Journal, comments are welcome
Additional file 6 of A Bayesian multivariate hierarchical model for developing a treatment benefit index using mixed types of outcomes
Creators: name: Wu, Danni
name: Goldfeld, Keith S.
name: Petkova, Eva
name: Park, Hyung G.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Statistics
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Additional file 6.
Local persistence in directed percolation
Creators: name: Grassberger, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We reconsider the problem of local persistence in directed site percolation. We present improved estimates of the persistence exponent in all dimensions from 1+1 to 7+1, obtained by new algorithms and by improved implementations of existing ones. We verify the strong corrections to scaling for 2+1 and 3+1 dimensions found in previous analyses, but we show that scaling is much better satisfied for very large and very small dimensions. For d > 4 (d is the spatial dimension), the persistence exponent depends non-trivially on d, in qualitative agreement with the non-universal values calculated recently by Fuchs {\it et al.} (J. Stat. Mech.: Theor. Exp. P04015 (2008)). These results are mainly based on efficient simulations of clusters evolving under the time reversed dynamics with a permanently active site and a particular survival condition discussed in Fuchs {\it et al.}. These simulations suggest also a new critical exponent $ζ$ which describes the growth of these clusters conditioned on survival, and which turns out to be the same as the exponent, η+δin standard notation, of surviving clusters under the standard DP evolution.
description: 6 pages, including 4 figures; to appear in JSTAT
Recent abacavir use increases risk of type 1 and type 2 myocardial infarctions among adults with HIV
Creators: name: Bosch, R.J.
name: Sterling, T.R.
name: Drozd, D.R.
name: Eron, J.J.
name: Palella, F.J., Jr.
name: Althoff, K.N.
name: Justice, A.C.
name: Silverberg, M.J.
name: Klein, D.B.
name: Eyawo, O.
name: Mathews, W.C.
name: Stein, J.H.
name: Crane, H.M.
name: Mayor, A.M.
name: Zhang, J.
name: Klein, M.B.
name: Moore, R.D.
name: Gange, S.J.
name: Elion, R.A.
name: Kitahata, M.M.
name: Horberg, M.A.
name: Rabkin, C.S.
Publisher: name: Lippincott Williams and Wilkins
Year: 2018

description: Background: There is persistent confusion as to whether abacavir (ABC) increases the risk of myocardial infarction (MI), and whether such risk differs by type 1 (T1MI) or 2 (T2MI) MI in adults with HIV. Methods: Incident MIs in North American Cohort Collaboration on Research and Design participants were identified from 2001 to 2013. Discrete time marginal structural models addressed channeling biases and time-dependent confounding to estimate crude hazard ratio (HR) and adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) and 95% confidence intervals; analyses were performed for T1MI and T2MI separately. A sensitivity analysis evaluated whether Framingham risk score (FRS) modified the effect of ABC on MI occurrence. Results: Eight thousand two hundred sixty-five adults who initiated antiretroviral therapy contributed 29,077 person-years and 123 MI events (65 T1MI and 58 T2MI). Median follow-up time was 2.9 (interquartile range 1.4-5.1) years. ABC initiators were more likely to have a history of injection drug use, hepatitis C virus infection, hypertension, diabetes, impaired kidney function, hyperlipidemia, low (,200 cells/mm3) CD4 counts, and a history of AIDS. The risk of the combined MI outcome was greater for persons who used ABC in the previous 6 months [aHR = 1.84 (1.17-2.91)]; and persisted for T1MI (aHR = 1.62 [1.01]) and T2MI [aHR = 2.11 (1.08-4.29)]. FRS did not modify the effect of ABC on MI (P = 0.14) and inclusion of FRS in the MSM did not diminish the effect of recent ABC use on the combined outcome. Conclusions: Recent ABC use was associated with MI after adjustment for known risk factors and for FRS. However, screening for T1MI risks may not identify all or even most persons at risk of ABC use-associated MIs.
Supporting Information document from The ultrafast snap of a finger is mediated by skin friction
Creators: name: Acharya, Raghav
name: Challita, Elio J.
name: Ilton, Mark
name: Saad Bhamla, M.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: 110601 Biomechanics
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 90301 Biomaterials
subject: FOS: Medical engineering

description: Supporting figures and extended mathematical model.
Additional file 1 of Secondary analysis of hand-offs in internal medicine using the I-PASS mnemonic
Creators: name: Huber, Aurélie
name: Moyano, Belinda
name: Blondon, Katherine
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: Medicine
Cell Biology
Molecular Biology
Biotechnology
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Science Policy

description: Supplementary Material 1.
Reduced use of illicit substances, even without abstinence, is associated with improved depressive symptoms among people living with HIV
Creators: name: Altice, F.L.
name: Kitahata, M.M.
name: Dong, X.
name: Geng, E.
name: Mathews, W.C.
name: Crane, H.M.
name: Fredericksen, R.
name: Nance, R.M.
name: Mayer, K.
name: Trejo, M.E.P.
name: Taxman, F.S.
name: Matsuzaki, M.
name: Whitney, B.M.
name: Strand, L.N.
name: Moore, R.D.
name: Kuo, I.
name: Delaney, J.A.
name: Chandler, R.
name: Saag, M.S.
name: Eron, J.J.
name: Kahana, S.
name: Springer, S.
name: Chander, G.
Publisher: name: Lippincott Williams and Wilkins
Year: 2018

description: Purpose: Substance use is linked with poor outcomes among people living with HIV (PLWH) and is associated with mental health disorders. This analysis examines the impact of decreasing substance use, even without abstinence, on depressive symptoms among PLWH. Methods: Data are from PLWH enrolled in the Centers for AIDS Research Network of Integrated Clinical Sites cohort. Participants completed longitudinal assessments of substance use (modified ASSIST) and depressive symptoms (PHQ-9). Changes in substance use frequency were categorized as abstinence, reduced use, and nondecreasing use. Adjusted linear mixed models with time-updated change in substance use frequency and depressive symptom scores were used to examine associations between changes in the use of individual substances and depressive symptoms. Analyses were repeated using joint longitudinal survival models to examine associations with a high (PHQ-9 ≥10) score. Results: Among 9905 PLWH, 728 used cocaine/crack, 1016 used amphetamine-type substances (ATS), 290 used illicit opiates, and 3277 used marijuana at baseline. Changes in ATS use were associated with the greatest improvements in depressive symptoms: stopping ATS led to a mean decrease of PHQ-9 by 2.2 points (95% CI: 1.8 to 2.7) and a 61% lower odds of PHQ-9 score ≥10 (95% CI: 0.30 to 0.52), and decreasing ATS use led to a mean decrease of 1.7 points (95% CI: 1.2 to 2.3) and a 62% lower odds of PHQ-9 score ≥10 (95% CI: 0.25 to 0.56). Stopping and reducing marijuana and stopping cocaine/crack use were also associated with improvement in depressive symptoms. Conclusions: We demonstrated that both substance use reduction and abstinence are associated with improvements in depressive symptoms over time.
Dimensionnement des messages dans un reseau mobile opportuniste
Creators: name: Whitbeck, John
name: Conan, Vania
name: de Amorim, Marcelo Dias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: C.2.1; C.2.4

description: Understanding transport capacity in intermittently connected mobile networks (ICMN) is crucial since different applications have different interactivity and bandwidth requirements. One practical issue is how to transform an application's messages into packets suitable for transport over an ICMN. In this paper, we propose a new Markovian model for random temporal graphs and show, both analytically and by replaying a real life trace obtained in a rollerblading tour, that the size of the messages sent over an ICMN has a decisive impact on their delivery ratio. A given message could therefore be broken down into smaller packets to increase reliability. However, we also show that this gain in reliability only appears under tight constraints on the maximum delay tolerated. Mobile application designers should therefore balance message size against both application requirements and network topology dynamics to improve performance.
description: 12 pages, 7 figures. Text in French
Additional file 6 of Secondary analysis of hand-offs in internal medicine using the I-PASS mnemonic
Creators: name: Huber, Aurélie
name: Moyano, Belinda
name: Blondon, Katherine
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: Medicine
Cell Biology
Molecular Biology
Biotechnology
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Science Policy

description: Supplementary Material 6.
APOGEE Detection of N-rich stars in the tidal tails of Palomar 5
Creators: name: Phillips, Sian G.
name: Schiavon, Ricardo P.
name: Mackereth, J. Ted
name: Prieto, Carlos Allende
name: Anguiano, Borja
name: Beaton, Rachael L.
name: Cohen, Roger E.
name: Garcia-Hernandez, D. A.
name: Geisler, Douglas
name: Horta, Danny
name: Jonsson, Henrik
name: Kisku, Shobhit
name: Lane, Richard R.
name: Majewski, Steven R.
name: Mason, Andrew
name: Minniti, Dante
name: Schultheis, Mathias
name: Taylor, Dominic
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent results from chemical tagging studies using APOGEE data suggest a strong link between the chemical abundance patterns of stars found within globular clusters, and chemically peculiar populations in the Galactic halo field. In this paper we analyse the chemical compositions of stars within the cluster body and tidal streams of Palomar 5, a globular cluster that is being tidally disrupted by interaction with the Galactic gravitational potential. We report the identification of nitrogen-rich (N-rich) stars both within and beyond the tidal radius of Palomar 5, with the latter being clearly aligned with the cluster tidal streams; this acts as confirmation that N-rich stars are lost to the Galactic halo from globular clusters, and provides support to the hypothesis that field N-rich stars identified by various groups have a globular cluster origin.
description: 8 pages, 8 figures, accepted for publication in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
Global Natural Orbital Functional: Towards the Complete Description of the Electron Correlation
Creators: name: Piris, Mario
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The current work presents a natural orbital functional (NOF) for electronic systems with any spin value independent of the external potential being considered, that is, a global NOF (GNOF). It is based on a new two-index reconstruction of the two-particle reduced density matrix for spin multiplets. The emergent functional describes the complete intrapair electron correlation, and the correlation between orbitals that make up both the pairs and the individual electrons. The interorbital correlation is composed of static and dynamic terms. The concept of dynamic part of the occupation numbers is introduced. To evaluate the accuracy achieved with GNOF, calculation of a variety of properties is presented. They include the total energies and energy differences between the ground state and the lowest-lying excited state with different spin of atoms from H to Ne, ionization potentials of the first-row transition-metal atoms (Sc-Zn), and the total energies of a selected set of 55 molecular systems in different spin states. GNOF is also applied to the homolytic dissociation of selected diatomic molecules in different spin states and to the rotation barrier of ethylene, both paradigmatic cases of systems with significant multi-configurational character. The values obtained agree with those reported at high level of theory and experimental data.
description: 11 pages, 6 figures, 6 Tables
Physiology of the exocrine pancreas in relation to protein utilization by the chinchilla
Creators: name: Smith, Valerie Irene
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: Protein utilization was investigated in the chinchilla from birth to post-weaning by studying three important stages of growth and nutritional adaptation, occurring at birth, weaning, and in adult life. The first area of study was centered on the pre-colostral chinchilla, a period which in many species is accompanied by absorption of intact proteins and immunoglobulins. immunoglobulins of the blood sera from birth to post-weaning were quantitated by polyacrylamide disc gel electrophoresis. The levels of immunoglobulins did not correlate with pancreatic enzyme or inhibitory levels in any way so as to show a relationship between inhibited enzyme levels and the amount of immunoglobulin absorbed into the blood stream. Trypsin and chymotrypsin inhibitors, assayed spectrophotometri cally, were not appreciable in the pancreatic homogenate from the young chinchilla tested. The study of adaptation can be based on the assumption that at different stages of growth, the chinchilla utilizes the proteins of its diet to different extents. This is in accordance with the change in level of protein between its first diet of maternal milk and then its secondary diet of roughage. in order to verify this assumption, pancreatic protease activity, of trypsin and chymotrypsin, was studied in seventeen chinchilla from birth to post-weaning. Homogenates of the pancreas, assayed spectrophotometrically, were used to monitor the enzymatic activity. Though not significantly different for the respective age groups, trypsin and. chymotrypsin levels tended to be highest at birth, dropping at about day three to day eight and then rising slightly at about six weeks of age where the values leveled off. The third area of study was the juvenile and adult adjustment to various rations. in this case, five rations varied in protein levels, ranging from a low protein level (11.2%) to a relatively high protein level (24.5%). Pancreatic trypsin and chymotrypsin levels were investigated to determine if pancreatic protease would respond to the level of protein in the diet. Again, enzyme levels were not significantly different between diets, but there was a tendency for the higher protein diets to result in higher enzyme values.
Additional file 8 of A Bayesian multivariate hierarchical model for developing a treatment benefit index using mixed types of outcomes
Creators: name: Wu, Danni
name: Goldfeld, Keith S.
name: Petkova, Eva
name: Park, Hyung G.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Statistics
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Additional file 8.
Prediction and compression of lattice QCD data using machine learning algorithms on quantum annealer
Creators: name: Yoon, Boram
name: Chang, Chia Cheng
name: Kenyon, Garrett T.
name: Nguyen, Nga T. T.
name: Rrapaj, Ermal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We present regression and compression algorithms for lattice QCD data utilizing the efficient binary optimization ability of quantum annealers. In the regression algorithm, we encode the correlation between the input and output variables into a sparse coding machine learning algorithm. The trained correlation pattern is used to predict lattice QCD observables of unseen lattice configurations from other observables measured on the lattice. In the compression algorithm, we define a mapping from lattice QCD data of floating-point numbers to the binary coefficients that closely reconstruct the input data from a set of basis vectors. Since the reconstruction is not exact, the mapping defines a lossy compression, but, a reasonably small number of binary coefficients are able to reconstruct the input vector of lattice QCD data with the reconstruction error much smaller than the statistical fluctuation. In both applications, we use D-Wave quantum annealers to solve the NP-hard binary optimization problems of the machine learning algorithms.
description: 9 pages, 3 figures, Proceedings of the 38th International Symposium on Lattice Field Theory, LATTICE2021
NESTA: A Fast and Accurate First-order Method for Sparse Recovery
Creators: name: Becker, Stephen
name: Bobin, Jerome
name: Candes, Emmanuel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Accurate signal recovery or image reconstruction from indirect and possibly undersampled data is a topic of considerable interest; for example, the literature in the recent field of compressed sensing is already quite immense. Inspired by recent breakthroughs in the development of novel first-order methods in convex optimization, most notably Nesterov's smoothing technique, this paper introduces a fast and accurate algorithm for solving common recovery problems in signal processing. In the spirit of Nesterov's work, one of the key ideas of this algorithm is a subtle averaging of sequences of iterates, which has been shown to improve the convergence properties of standard gradient-descent algorithms. This paper demonstrates that this approach is ideally suited for solving large-scale compressed sensing reconstruction problems as 1) it is computationally efficient, 2) it is accurate and returns solutions with several correct digits, 3) it is flexible and amenable to many kinds of reconstruction problems, and 4) it is robust in the sense that its excellent performance across a wide range of problems does not depend on the fine tuning of several parameters. Comprehensive numerical experiments on realistic signals exhibiting a large dynamic range show that this algorithm compares favorably with recently proposed state-of-the-art methods. We also apply the algorithm to solve other problems for which there are fewer alternatives, such as total-variation minimization, and convex programs seeking to minimize the l1 norm of Wx under constraints, in which W is not diagonal.
The Role of Current and Historical Alcohol Use in Hepatic Fibrosis Among HIV-Infected Individuals
Creators: name: Kim, H.N.
name: Chander, G.
name: Mayer, K.H.
name: Eron, J.J.
name: Moore, R.
name: Merrill, J.O.
name: Rodriguez, C.V.
name: Crane, H.M.
name: Van Rompaey, S.
name: Christopoulos, K.
name: Hutton, H.
name: Cachay, E.R.
name: McCaul, M.E.
name: Geng, E.
name: Kitahata, M.M.
name: Napravnik, S.
name: Mugavero, M.J.
name: Saag, M.S.
Publisher: name: Springer New York LLC
Year: 2017

description: We examined risk factors for advanced hepatic fibrosis [fibrosis-4 (FIB)-4 >3.25] including both current alcohol use and a diagnosis of alcohol use disorder among HIV-infected patients. Of the 12,849 patients in our study, 2133 (17%) reported current hazardous drinking by AUDIT-C, 2321 (18%) had a diagnosis of alcohol use disorder, 2376 (18%) were co-infected with chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV); 596 (5%) had high FIB-4 scores >3.25 as did 364 (15%) of HIV/HCV coinfected patients. In multivariable analysis, HCV (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 6.3, 95% confidence interval (CI) 5.2–7.5), chronic hepatitis B (aOR 2.0, 95% CI 1.5–2.8), diabetes (aOR 2.3, 95% CI 1.8–2.9), current CD4 <200 cells/mm3 (aOR 5.4, 95% CI 4.2–6.9) and HIV RNA >500 copies/mL (aOR 1.3, 95% CI 1.0–1.6) were significantly associated with advanced fibrosis. A diagnosis of an alcohol use disorder (aOR 1.9, 95% CI 1.6–2.3) rather than report of current hazardous alcohol use was associated with high FIB-4. However, among HIV/HCV coinfected patients, both current hazardous drinkers (aOR 1.6, 95% CI 1.1–2.4) and current non-drinkers (aOR 1.6, 95% CI 1.2–2.0) were more likely than non-hazardous drinkers to have high FIB-4, with the latter potentially reflecting the impact of sick abstainers. These findings highlight the importance of using a longitudinal measure of alcohol exposure when evaluating the impact of alcohol on liver disease and associated outcomes.
Multi-wavelength properties of Spitzer-selected starbursts at z~2
Creators: name: Fiolet, N.
name: Omont, A.
name: Polletta, M.
name: Owen, F.
name: Berta, S.
name: Shupe, D.
name: Siana, B.
name: Lonsdale, C.
name: Strazzullo, V.
name: Pannella, M.
name: Baker, A. J.
name: Beelen, A.
name: Biggs, A.
name: De Breuck, C.
name: Farrah, D.
name: Ivison, R.
name: Lagache, G.
name: Lutz, D.
name: Tacconi, L. J.
name: Zylka, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A complete sample of 33 sources believed to be starbursts ("5.8micron-peakers") was selected in the (0.5 sq. deg.) J1046+56 field with selection criteria F_(24micron)>400muJy, the presence of a redshifted stellar emission peak at 5.8um, and r'(Vega)>23. The field, part of the SWIRE Lockman Hole field, benefits from very deep VLA/GMRT 20cm, 50cm, and 90cm radio data (all 33 sources are detected at 50cm), and deep 160micron and 70micron Spitzer data. The 33 sources, with photometric redshifts ~1.5-2.5, were observed at 1.2mm with IRAM-30m/MAMBO to an rms ~0.7-0.8mJy in most cases. Their millimeter, radio, 7-band Spitzer, and near-IR properties were jointly analyzed. The entire sample of 33 sources has an average 1.2mm flux density of 1.56+/-0.22mJy and a median of 1.61mJy, so the majority of the sources can be considered SMGs. Four sources have confirmed 4sigma detections, and nine were tentatively detected at the 3sigma level. Because of its 24micron selection, our sample shows systematically lower F_(1.2mm)/F_(24micron) flux ratios than classical SMGs, probably because of enhanced PAH emission. A median FIR SED was built by stacking images at the positions of 21 sources in the region of deepest Spitzer coverage. Its parameters are T_(dust)=37+/-8K, L_(FIR)=2.5x10^{12}Lo, and SFR=450Mo/yr. The FIR-radio correlation provides another estimate of L_(FIR) for each source, with an average value of 4.1x10^{12}Lo; however, this value may be overestimated because of some AGN contribution. Most of our targets are also luminous star-forming BzK galaxies which constitute a significant fraction of weak SMGs at 1.7
description: 23 pages, 12 figures + 1 figure in appendix Accepted in A&A on 01 September 2009
On the semi-Riemannian bumpy metric theorem
Creators: name: Biliotti, Leonardo
name: Javaloyes, Miguel Angel
name: Piccione, Paolo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 57R45, 57R70, 57N75, 58E10

description: We prove the semi-Riemannian bumpy metric theorem using equivariant variational genericity. The theorem states that, on a given compact manifold $M$, the set of semi-Riemannian metrics that admit only nondegenerate closed geodesics is generic relatively to the $C^k$-topology, $k=2,...,\infty$, in the set of metrics of a given index on $M$. A higher order genericity Riemannian result of Klingenberg and Takens is extended to semi-Riemannian geometry.
description: 17 pages
Spin observables in three-body direct nuclear reactions
Creators: name: Deltuva, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Direct nuclear reactions $\vec{d}+A$ and $\vec{p}+(An)$ are described in the framework of three-body Faddeev-type equations. Differential cross section and analyzing powers are calculated using several optical potential models and compared with the experimental data. Quite satisfactory agreement is found except for few systematic discrepancies.
description: Expanded theory section
Additional file 7 of A Bayesian multivariate hierarchical model for developing a treatment benefit index using mixed types of outcomes
Creators: name: Wu, Danni
name: Goldfeld, Keith S.
name: Petkova, Eva
name: Park, Hyung G.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Statistics
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Additional file 7.
Optimal Vehicle Path Planning Using Quadratic Optimization for Baidu Apollo Open Platform
Creators: name: Zhang, Yajia
name: Sun, Hongyi
name: Zhou, Jinyun
name: Pan, Jiacheng
name: Hu, Jiangtao
name: Miao, Jinghao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Path planning is a key component in motion planning for autonomous vehicles. A path specifies the geometrical shape that the vehicle will travel, thus, it is critical to safe and comfortable vehicle motions. For urban driving scenarios, autonomous vehicles need the ability to navigate in cluttered environment, e.g., roads partially blocked by a number of vehicles/obstacles on the sides. How to generate a kinematically feasible and smooth path, that can avoid collision in complex environment, makes path planning a challenging problem. In this paper, we present a novel quadratic programming approach that generates optimal paths with resolution-complete collision avoidance capability.
description: accepted by Intelligent Vehicle Symposium (IV) 2020
Charmonium correlators and spectral functions at finite temperature
Creators: name: Ding, H. -T.
name: Kaczmarek, O.
name: Karsch, F.
name: Satz, H.
name: Soeldner, W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study charmonium correlators and spectral functions in quenched QCD, using Clover improved Wilson fermions on very fine (0.015 fm) isotropic lattices at 0.75 Tc and 1.5 Tc. We use a new approach to distinguish the zero mode contribution from the other contributions. Once this is removed, we find that the ratios of correlators to reconstructed correlators remain almost unity at all distances. The ground state peaks of spectral functions obtained at 0.75 Tc are reliable and robust. The present accuracy and limited number of points in the temporal direction at 1.5 Tc do not allow for a reliable conclusion about a possible melting of charmonium states in the QGP.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures, talk given at The XXVII International Symposium on Lattice Field Theory, July 26-31, 2009, Peking University, Beijing, China
Risk of End-Stage Renal Disease in HIV-Positive Potential Live Kidney Donors
Creators: name: Moore, R.D.
name: Rachlis, A.R.
name: Silverberg, M.J.
name: Muzaale, A.D.
name: Locke, J.E.
name: Eron, J.J.
name: Gill, M.J.
name: Mayor, A.M.
name: Durand, C.M.
name: Bosch, R.J.
name: Boswell, S.L.
name: Kitahata, M.M.
name: Drozd, D.R.
name: Martin, J.N.
name: Massie, A.B.
name: Napravnik, S.
name: Butt, A.A.
name: Fischer, M.J.
name: Segev, D.L.
name: Justice, A.C.
name: Abraham, A.G.
name: Kucirka, L.M.
name: Lucas, G.M.
name: Sperati, C.J.
name: Horberg, M.A.
name: Althoff, K.N.
Publisher: name: Blackwell Publishing Ltd
Year: 2017

description: New federal regulations allow HIV-positive individuals to be live kidney donors; however, potential candidacy for donation is poorly understood given the increased risk of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) associated with HIV infection. To better understand this risk, we compared the incidence of ESRD among 41 968 HIV-positive participants of North America AIDS Cohort Collaboration on Research and Design followed for a median of 5 years with the incidence of ESRD among comparable HIV-negative participants of National Health and Nutrition Examination III followed for a median of 14 years. We used risk associations from multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression to derive cumulative incidence estimates for selected HIV-positive scenarios (no history of diabetes, hypertension, AIDS, or hepatitis C virus coinfection) and compared these estimates with those from similarly selected HIV-negative scenarios. For 40-year-old HIV-positive individuals with health characteristics that were similar to those of age-matched kidney donors, viral load <400 copies/mL, and CD4+ count ≥500 cells/μL, the 9-year cumulative incidence of ESRD was higher than that of their HIV-negative peers, yet still low: 2.5 versus 1.1 per 10 000 among white women, 3.0 versus 1.3 per 10 000 among white men, 13.2 versus 3.6 per 10 000 among black women, and 15.8 versus 4.4 per 10 000 among black men. HIV-positive individuals with no comorbidities and well-controlled disease may be considered low-risk kidney donor candidates.
Optimal Trajectory Generation for Autonomous Vehicles Under Centripetal Acceleration Constraints for In-lane Driving Scenarios
Creators: name: Zhang, Yajia
name: Sun, Hongyi
name: Zhou, Jinyun
name: Hu, Jiangtao
name: Miao, Jinghao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper presents a noval method that generates optimal trajectories for autonomous vehicles for in-lane driving scenarios. The method computes a trajectory using a two-phase optimization procedure. In the first phase, the optimization procedure generates a close-form driving guide line with differetiable curvatures. In the second phase, the procedure takes the driving guide line as input, and outputs dynamically feasible, jerk and time optimal trajectories for vehicles driving along the guide line. This method is especially useful for generating trajectories at curvy road where the vehicles need to apply frequent accelerations and decelerations to accommodate centripetal acceleration limits.
description: IEEE International Conference on Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITSC) 2019
title: Θέρμανση – ψύξη τριών κτηρίων με γεωθερμικές αντλίες θερμότητας
Creators: name: Αναστασιαδης Θωμας
Publisher: name: Technical University of Crete
Year: 2021

description: Τα τελευταία χρόνια τα κράτη στρέφονται στην αναζήτηση τεχνικών αξιοποίησης ανανεώσιμων μορφών ενέργειας, προκειμένου να μειωθεί χρήση συμβατικών καυσίμων και να αντιμετωπιστεί η διαρκής άνοδος της τιμής τους αλλά κυρίως η επιβάρυνση του περιβάλλοντος.
Σκοπός της παρούσας εργασίας είναι ο σχεδιασμός και η εφαρμογή τριών συστημάτων ψύξης – θέρμανσης που χρησιμοποιούν γεωθερμικές αντλίες θερμότητας και καλούνται να υποστηρίξουν δύο μονοκατοικίες και ένα επαγγελματικό χώρο σε τρείς περιοχές της Ελλάδας. Οι περιοχές στις οποίες  έγιναν οι εφαρμογές είναι η Θεσσαλονίκη, η Άρτα και η Κατερίνη.
Η μέθοδος που ακολουθείται για το σχεδιασμό του κάθε συστήματος περιλαμβάνει δύο βασικούς άξονες:
i. Υπολογισμός θερμικών απωλειών  του κτιρίου. Στη μελέτη αυτή λαμβάνεται υπ’ όψιν η περιοχή στην οποία είναι κατασκευασμένο το εκάστοτε κτίριο (κλιματικά δεδομένα περιοχής), τα δομικά στοιχεία, οι μονώσεις και τα κουφώματα του.
ii. Υπολογισμός διαστάσεων γεωεναλλάκτη.
Για την εκπόνηση του ερευνητικού μέρους ελήφθησαν υπ’ όψιν μια σειρά παραδοχών:
i. Οι δυσμενέστερες κλιματικά συνθήκες περιλαμβάνουν την ημέρα του έτους κατά την οποία το χειμώνα επικρατεί η μικρότερη μέση ελάχιστη θερμοκρασία.
ii. Τα γεωθερμικά στοιχεία του εδάφους στο οποίο καλούμαστε να εγκαταστήσουμε τους αντίστοιχους γεωεναλλάκτες κάθε περιοχής λαμβάνονται από της μελέτες του ΚΑΠΕ.
Για την εκπόνηση του ερευνητικού μέρους χρησιμοποιήθηκαν τα παρακάτω λογισμικά πακέτα:
i.  ADAPTMANAGER
Χρησιμοποιήθηκε για την μελέτη των θερμικών απωλειών των κτιρίων.
ii. MS Excel
Το σύνολο των αλγεβρικών υπολογισμών πραγματοποιήθηκε σε υπολογιστικά φύλλα excel.
iii. AYTOCAD
Χρησιμοποιήθηκε για την χάραξη των κυκλωμάτων της ενδοδαπέδιας θέρμανσης.
Perceptions of family members and a friend by disturbed and normal children and one of their normal siblings
Creators: name: Stec, Astrid Martha
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: In the present study, the Bene Anthony Family Relations Test was used to measure children's perceptions of their family members and a friend. Comparisons were made between the perceptions of: a) a group of disturbed children and one of their normal siblings (clinic pair), b) a group of normal children and one of their normal siblings (normal pair), and c) the clinic and normal pairs of children. No differences were found between the perceptions of disturbed children and their normal siblings or between the perceptions of the two normal siblings. The clinic pair differed from the normal pair in two respects: I) the clinic pair expressed more negative feelings toward their siblings, and 2) the clinic pair indicated more reliance on their friend. All groups perceived their parents similarly. It was concluded that more attention ought to be paid to the role of siblings and extrafamilial members.
Hα Dots: Direct-Method Metal Abundances of Low-Luminosity Star-Forming Systems
Creators: name: Hirschauer, Alec S.
name: Salzer, John J.
name: Haurberg, Nathalie
name: Gronwall, Caryl
name: Janowiecki, Steven
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Utilizing low-luminosity star-forming systems discovered in the H$α$ Dots survey, we present spectroscopic observations undertaken using the KPNO 4m telescope for twenty-six sources. With determinations of robust, "direct"-method metal abundances, we examine the properties of these dwarf systems, exploring their utility in characterizing starburst galaxies at low luminosities and stellar masses. We find that the H$α$ Dots survey provides an effective new avenue for identifying star-forming galaxies in these regimes. In addition, we examine abundance characteristics and metallicity scaling relations with these sources, highlighting a flattening of both the luminosity-metallicity ($L$-$Z$) and stellar mass-metallicity ($M_{*}$-$Z$) relation slopes in these regimes as compared with those utilizing samples covering wider respective dynamic ranges. These local, accessible analogues to the kinds of star-forming dwarfs common at high redshift will help shed light on the building blocks which assembled into the massive galaxies common today.
description: Accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journal; 27 pages, 7 figures, 5 tables
Numerical solution of a PDE arising from prediction with expert advice
Creators: name: Calder, Jeff
name: Drenska, Nadejda
name: Mosaphir, Drisana
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 35D40, 65N12, 65N06, 35Q68, 35J60

description: This work investigates the online machine learning problem of prediction with expert advice in an adversarial setting through numerical analysis of, and experiments with, a related partial differential equation. The problem is a repeated two-person game involving decision-making at each step informed by $n$ experts in an adversarial environment. The continuum limit of this game over a large number of steps is a degenerate elliptic equation whose solution encodes the optimal strategies for both players. We develop numerical methods for approximating the solution of this equation in relatively high dimensions ($n\leq 10$) by exploiting symmetries in the equation and the solution to drastically reduce the size of the computational domain. Based on our numerical results we make a number of conjectures about the optimality of various adversarial strategies, in particular about the non-optimality of the COMB strategy.
Antiretroviral treatment of adult HIV infection: 2014 Recommendations of the International Antiviral Society-USA panel
Creators: name: Volberding, P.A.
name: Aberg, J.A.
name: Eron, J.J.
name: Telenti, A.
name: Jacobsen, D.M.
name: Thomas, D.L.
name: Reiss, P.
name: Günthard, H.F.
name: Gallant, J.E.
name: Cahn, P.
name: Hoy, J.F.
name: Benson, C.A.
name: Saag, M.S.
name: Burger, D.M.
name: Glesby, M.J.
Publisher: name: American Medical Association
Year: 2014

description: IMPORTANCE: New data and antiretroviral regimens expand treatment choices in resource-rich settings and warrant an update of recommendations to treat adults infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). OBJECTIVE: To provide updated treatment recommendations for adults with HIV, emphasizing when to start treatment; what treatment to start; the use of laboratory monitoring tools; and managing treatment failure, switches, and simplification. DATA SOURCES, STUDY SELECTION, AND DATA SYNTHESIS: An International Antiviral Society-USA panel of experts in HIV research and patient care considered previous data and reviewed new data since the 2012 update with literature searches in PubMed and EMBASE through June 2014. Recommendations and ratings were based on the quality of evidence and consensus. RESULTS: Antiretroviral therapy is recommended for all adults with HIV infection. Evidence for benefits of treatment and quality of available data increase at lower CD4 cell counts. Recommended initial regimens include 2 nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs; abacavir/lamivudine or tenofovir disoproxil fumarate/emtricitabine) and a third single or boosted drug, which should be an integrase strand transfer inhibitor (dolutegravir, elvitegravir, or raltegravir), a nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (efavirenz or rilpivirine) or a boosted protease inhibitor (darunavir or atazanavir). Alternative regimens are available. Boosted protease inhibitor monotherapy is generally not recommended, but NRTI-sparing approachesmay be considered. New guidance for optimal timing of monitoring of laboratory parameters is provided. Suspected treatment failure warrants rapid confirmation, performance of resistance testing while the patient is receiving the failing regimen, and evaluation of reasons for failure before consideration of switching therapy. Regimen switches for adverse effects, convenience, or to reduce costs should not jeopardize antiretroviral potency. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: After confirmed diagnosis of HIV infection, antiretroviral therapy should be initiated in all individuals who are willing and ready to start treatment. Regimens should be selected or changed based on resistance test results with consideration of dosing frequency, pill burden, adverse toxic effect profiles, comorbidities, and drug interactions.
Magneto-optical study of Ba(Fe$_{1-x}$T$_{x}$)$_2$As$_2$ (T=Co, Ni) single crystals irradiated with heavy-ions
Creators: name: Prozorov, R.
name: Tanatar, M. A.
name: Roy, B.
name: Ni, N.
name: Bud'ko, S. L.
name: Canfield, P. C.
name: Hua, J.
name: Welp, U.
name: Kwok, W. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Optimally doped single crystals of Ba(Fe$_{1-x}$T$_x$)$_2$As$_2$ (T=Co, Ni) were irradiated with 1.4 GeV $^{208}$Pb$^{56+}$ ions at fluences corresponding to matching fields of $B_ϕ=0.1, 0.5, 1$ and 2 T. Magneto-optical imaging has been used to map the distribution of the magnetic induction in the irradiated samples. The imaging is complemented by the magnetization measurements. The results show a substantial enhancement of the apparent critical current densities as revealed by the much larger Bean penetration fields and an increase of the hysteretic magnetization. However, the effect depends on the compound, temperature and applied magnetic field. In \FeCo crystals, at 15 K and low fields, the enhancement appears to scale with the irradiation dose at a rate of about 0.27 MA$\cdot$cm$^{-2}$T$^{-1}$, whereas in \FeNi crystals, higher irradiation doses are less effective. Our results suggest that moderate irradiation with heavy ions is a an effective way to \emph{homogeneously} enhance the current-currying capabilities of pnictide superconductors.
Novel therapies based on mechanisms of HIV-1 cell entry
Creators: name: Kilby, J.M.
name: Eron, J.J.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2003

description: Infection with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (hiv-1), the
retrovirus that causes the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), is one
of the leading causes of death worldwide. All currently available antiretroviral
agents inhibit essential HIV-1 enzymes — either the reverse transcriptase or the protease
(Fig. 1). Recent advances have markedly improved the outcome for many patients
who receive these classes of antiretroviral drugs. However, the success of current
therapy is limited by the emergence of drug-resistant viruses, the necessity of
sustained adherence to complex regimens, and the potential for toxic effects. Novel
classes of safe and effective agents with a low risk of cross-resistance with other antiretroviral
drugs are needed.
HIV-1 shedding and chlamydial urethritis [1]
Creators: name: Eron Jr., J.J.
name: Gilliam, B.
name: Fiscus, S.
name: Dyer, J.
name: Cohen, M.S.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1996

description: To the Editor.Drs. Schmid and Fontanarosa thoroughly
discussed the causes and management of nongonococcal urethritis.
However, they did not emphasize the link between
treatment of sexually transmitted diseases and prevention of
human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).
omega-rho^0 mixing as a possible origin of the hypothetical isospin non-conservation in the X(3872) --> pi^+ pi^- J/psi decay
Creators: name: Terasaki, Kunihiko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The ratio of branching fractions Br(X(3872) --> gamma J/psi)/ Br(X(3872) --> pi^+ pi^- J/psi) is studied by assuming that the X(3872) --> pi^+ pi^- J/psi decay proceeds through the rho^0 meson pole which is caused by the omega-rho^0 mixing. As the result, it is seen that the calculated ratio is compatible with the measured values of the ratio when X(3872) is an axial-vector tetra-quark state, while it would be much larger than the measurements when it is a charmonium. Therefore, the existing data on the ratio seem to favor the tetra-quark interpretation of X(3872) over the charmonium, although a small mixing of the charmonium is not excluded.
description: 4 pages, 0 figures, Revtex, Description clarified
Susceptibility testing by polymerase chain reaction DNA quantitation: A method to measure drug resistance of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 isolates
Creators: name: D'Aquila, R.T.
name: Kaplan, J.C.
name: Eron, J.J.
name: Gorczyca, P.
Publisher: name: National Academy of Sciences
Year: 1992

description: Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) DNA quantitation (PDQ) susceptibility testing rapidly and directly measures nucleoside sensitivity of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) isolates. PCR is used to quantitate the amount of HIV-1 DNA synthesized after in vitro infection of peripheral blood mononuclear cells. The relative amounts of HIV-1 DNA in cell lysates from cultures maintained at different drug concentrations reflect drug inhibition of virus replication. The rusults of PDQ susceptibility testing of 2- or 3-day cultures are supported by assays measuring HIV-1 p24 antigen production in supernatants of 7- or 10-day cultures. DNA sequence analyses to identify mutations in the reverse transcriptase gene that cause resistance to 3â€²-azido-3â€²-deoxythymidine also support the PDQ results. With the PDQ method, both infectivity titration and susceptibility testing can be performed on supernatants from primary cultures of peripheral blood mononuclear cells. PDQ susceptibility testing should facilitate epidemiologic studies of the clinical significance of drug-resistant HIV-1 isolates.