cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Stochastics of Multiple Electron-Photon Head-on Collisions
Creators: name: Kolchuzhkin, A.
name: Potylitsyn, A.
name: Strokov, S.
name: Ababiy, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The problem of stochastis in multiple electron-photon head-on collisions has been considered in this paper. The kinetic equations for the distributions over the electron energy and collisions number along with the equations for these distributions moments have been obtained. The equations for the first moments have been solved by the iteration method. It has been shown that the variance of the energy distribution as a function of the mean number of collisions has a maximum at some value of $\bar n$. It is seen from this analysis that multiple scattering of electrons influences on the spectra both electrons and photons even for the photon target of small thickness. The data of approximate analytical calculations agree with the results of the Monte Carlo simulation.
description: 12 pages, 7 figures
ZSM-5 catalyzed one pot three-component synthesis of 5-substituted-1H-tetrazoles from aldehyde
Creators: name: Navnath T. Hatvate
name: Shrikant M. Ghodse
name: Telvekar, Vikas N.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: In this paper, we report one-pot three-component synthesis of 5-substituted-1H-tetrazoles from aldehyde using zeolite-based heterogeneous catalyst (ZSM-5). Wide functional group tolerance with high chemical yield has been achieved. Moreover, heterogeneous catalyst (ZSM-5) was recovered and reused several times without significant loss of its catalytic activity
The time evolution of dusty protoplanetary disc radii: observed and physical radii differ
Creators: name: Rosotti, Giovanni P.
name: Tazzari, Marco
name: Booth, Richard A.
name: Testi, Leonardo
name: Lodato, Giuseppe
name: Clarke, Cathie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Proto-planetary disc surveys conducted with ALMA are measuring disc radii in multiple star forming regions. The disc radius is a fundamental quantity to diagnose whether discs undergo viscous spreading, discriminating between viscosity or angular momentum removal by winds as drivers of disc evolution. Observationally, however, the sub-mm continuum emission is dominated by the dust, which also drifts inwards, complicating the picture. In this paper we investigate, using theoretical models of dust grain growth and radial drift, how the radii of dusty viscous proto-planetary discs evolve with time. Despite the existence of a sharp outer edge in the dust distribution, we find that the radius enclosing most of the dust $\textit{mass}$ increases with time, closely following the evolution of the gas radius. This behaviour arises because, although dust initially grows and drifts rapidly onto the star, the residual dust retained on Myr timescales is relatively well coupled to the gas. Observing the expansion of the dust disc requires using definitions based on high fractions of the disc $\textit{flux}$ (e.g. 95 per cent) and very long integrations with ALMA, because the dust grains in the outer part of the disc are small and have a low sub-mm opacity. We show that existing surveys lack the sensitivity to detect viscous spreading. The disc radii they measure do not trace the mass radius or the sharp outer edge in the dust distribution, but the outer limit of where the grains have significant sub-mm opacity. We predict that these observed radii should shrink with time.
description: 18 pages, 14 figures; accepted on MNRAS
Effect of defects on thermal denaturation of DNA Oligomers
Creators: name: Singh, Navin
name: Singh, Yashwant
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Quantitative Biology (q-bio)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: The effect of defects on the melting profile of short heterogeneous DNA chains are calculated using the Peyrard-Bishop Hamiltonian. The on-site potential on a defect site is represented by a potential which has only the short-range repulsion and the flat part without well of the Morse potential. The stacking energy between the two neigbouring pairs involving a defect site is also modified. The results are found to be in good agreement with the experiments.
description: 11 pages including 5 postscript figure; To be appear in Phys. Rev. E
Fitting the Gravity Model when Zero Trade Flows are Frequent: a Comparison of Estimation Techniques using Africa's Trade Data
Creators: name: Kareem, Fatima Olanike
name: Martinez-Zarzoso, Inmaculada
name: Brümmer, Bernhard
name: Kareem, Fatima Olanike
name: Martinez-Zarzoso, Inmaculada
name: Brümmer, Bernhard
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Health Economics and Policy
subject: International Development
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: Gravity model
subject: Zero trade
subject: Estimation techniques
subject: Food safety standards
subject: European Union
subject: African Exports

description: The issues of zero trade observations and the validity of the log linear transformation of the gravity equation have generated a number of debates in the literature with differing claims about the most suitable estimation technique. To produce unbiased and consistent estimates for policy making, we undertake a careful comparison of a number of widely used estimators to investigate if EU fish standards are protectionist following reoccurring rejection of African fish products at the EU border. Analysis was based on a dataset of Africa's fish exports to the European Union between 2007 and 2012, which contains about 63% zero trade observations. Our results from the robustness checks are in favour of only the Multinomial Poisson Maximum Likelihood (MPML) technique as the most consistent estimator in relation to the impacts of standards and other explanatory variables. In addition, we find EU standards are indeed non-protectionist in spite of the high level of African fish exports rejected since 2008 at the EU border. Thus, a deeper trade agreement between these trading partners involving a significant transfer in science and technology to the Africa could help improve their compliance rate to EU standards and ensure increased export penetration.
Additional file 1 of A qualitative approach to identify barriers to multi-professional teamwork among medical professors at Iranian teaching hospitals
Creators: name: Hazrati, Hakimeh
name: Arabshahi, Seyed Kamran Soltani
name: Bigdeli, Shoaleh
name: Behshid, Mozhgan
name: Sohrabi, Zohreh
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1. Interview Guide.
Star Formation Histories of the LEGUS Spiral Galaxies. I. The flocculent spiral NGC 7793
Creators: name: Sacchi, Elena
name: Cignoni, Michele
name: Aloisi, Alessandra
name: Tosi, Monica
name: Adamo, Angela
name: Dale, Daniel A.
name: Elmegreen, Bruce G.
name: Elmegreen, Debra M.
name: Calzetti, Daniela
name: Gouliermis, Dimitrios A.
name: Grasha, Kathryn
name: Smith, Linda J.
name: Wofford, Aida
name: Lee, Janice C.
name: Sabbi, Elena
name: Ubeda, Leonardo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a detailed study of the flocculent spiral galaxy NGC 7793, part of the Sculptor group. By analyzing the resolved stellar populations of the galaxy, located at a distance of ~3.7 Mpc, we infer for the first time its radial star formation history (SFH) from Hubble Space Telescope photometry, thanks to both archival and new data from the Legacy ExtraGalactic UV Survey. We determine an average star formation rate (SFR) for the galaxy portion covered by our F555W and F814W data of 0.23 +- 0.02 Msun/yr over the whole Hubble time, corresponding to a total stellar mass of 3.09 +- 0.33 x 10^9 Msun in agreement with previous determinations. Thanks to the new data extending to the F336W band, we are able to analyze the youngest stellar populations with a higher time resolution. Most importantly, we recover the resolved SFH in different radial regions of the galaxy; this shows an indication of a growing trend of the present-to-past SFR ratio, increasing from internal to more external regions, supporting previous findings of the inside-out growth of the galaxy.
description: 15 pages, 14 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ
The Role of Natural Gas in the EU Decarbonisation Path
Creators: name: Hafner, Manfred
name: Tagliapietra, Simone
name: Hafner, Manfred
name: Tagliapietra, Simone
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: Gas
subject: Decarbonisation
subject: EU Energy Policy

description: Over the last decade decarbonisation has become a key priority for the EU. However, on the contrary of renewable energy or energy efficiency, the role of gas in this process has never been clearly defined. This uncertainty opens a wide debate on the future role of gas in the EU energy system, particularly vis-à-vis the progressively stronger role of renewables in the EU energy mix. This paper tackles this issue with the aim to explore what role gas might play in making the EU decarbonisation path more balanced and secure up to 2030 and beyond.
Additional file 3 of PD-1/PD-L1 expression profiles within intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma predict clinical outcome
Creators: name: Tian, Lingyu
name: Ma, Jiaqiang
name: Ma, Lijie
name: Zheng, Bohao
name: Liu, Longzi
name: Song, Danjun
name: Wang, Yining
name: Zhang, Zhao
name: Gao, Qiang
name: Song, Kang
name: Wang, Xiaoying
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 3: Supplementary Table 2. Univariate and multivariate analyses of prognostic features and time to recurrence
An optimized divergent synthesis of sulfonimide-based dendrimers achieving the fifth generation
Creators: name: Bondareva, Julia
name: Rozhkov, Vladimir
name: Kachala, Vadim V.
name: Fetyukhin, Volodymyr
name: Lukin, Oleg
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Computational Biology

description: A novel two-step amine persulfonylation method described here results in significantly higher yields of sulfonimide-based dendrimers as compared with formerly available procedures. This allowed the preparation of the fifth-generation sulfonimide-based dendrimer for the first time, on a 2 g scale. Dendrimers of fourth and fifth generations decorated with naphthyl groups after being spin-coated on a glass substrate were shown to form stable hydrophobic films as revealed by contact angle measurements.
The Migration Response to Increasing Temperatures
Creators: name: Cattaneo, Cristina
name: Peri, Giovanni
name: Cattaneo, Cristina
name: Peri, Giovanni
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Global Warming
subject: Emigration
subject: Rural-Urban Migration
subject: Agricultural Productivity

description: Climate change, especially the warming trend experienced by several countries, could affect agricultural productivity. As a consequence, rural incomes will change, and with them the incentives for people to remain in rural areas. Using data from 116 countries between 1960 and 2000, we analyze the effect of differential warming trends across countries on the probability of either migrating out of the country or from rural to urban areas. We find that higher temperatures increased migration rates to urban areas and other countries in middle income economies. In poor countries, higher temperatures reduced the probability of migration to cities or to other countries, consistent with the presence of severe liquidity constraints. In middle-income countries, migration represents an important margin of adjustment to global warming, potentially contributing to structural change and even increasing income per worker. Such a mechanism, however, does not seem to work in poor economies.
Reproducing the entropy structure in galaxy groups
Creators: name: Finoguenov, A.
name: Borgani, S.
name: Tornatore, L.
name: Boehringer, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We carry out a comparison between observations and hydrodynamic simulations of entropy profiles of groups and clusters of galaxies. We use the Tree+SPH GADGET code to simulate four halos of sizes in the M_500 = 1.0 - 16.e13 h^-1 Msun range, corresponding to poor groups up to Virgo-like clusters. We concentrate on the effect of introducing radiative cooling, star formation, and a variety of non-gravitational heating schemes on the entropy structure and the stellar fraction. We show that all the simulations result in a correct entropy profile for the Virgo-like cluster. With the heating energy budget of ~0.7 keV/particle injected at z_h=3, we are also able to reproduce the entropy profiles of groups. We obtain the flat entropy cores as a combined effect of preheating and cooling, while we achieve the high entropy at outskirts by preheating. The resulting baryon fraction locked into stars is in the 25-30% range, compared to 35-40% in the case of no preheating. Heating at higher redshift, z_h=9, strongly delays the star-formation, but fails to produce a sufficiently high specific entropy.
description: 5 page, A&A in press
When investigating depression and anxiety in undergraduate medical students timing of assessment is an important factor - a multicentre cross-sectional study
Creators: name: Thiemann, Pia
name: Brimicombe, James
name: Benson, John
name: Quince, Thelma
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: Research Article
Assessment and evaluation of admissions, knowledge, skills and attitudes
Depression
Anxiety
Undergraduate medical students
Timing of assessment
Final exams

description: Abstract: Background: Symptoms of depression and anxiety experienced by undergraduate medical students have become a prominent concern. Evidence about students’ depression and anxiety including prevalence, trajectory during medical education, gender differences and comparisons with age-matched peers is conflicting. However few studies of medical students’ mental health specify the precise time of assessment. Proximity to examinations may be relevant. Precise identification of the time of data collection might help explain contradictory findings and facilitate provision of more timely support. Methods: This study addressed whether: Proximity of final examinations affected students’ depression and anxiety symptoms Males and females differed in this respect. We analysed data provided by 446 final year students from 6 UK medical schools. These students were a subset of data provided by 14 UK medical schools which participated in an online survey comparing first and final year students and in which final year response rates exceeded 30%. We used the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale to assess symptoms of depression and anxiety and the norms to indicate potentially clinically relevant cases. We grouped students into those for whom final exams were imminent i.e. within 2 months of completing the survey (n = 164) and those for whom exams were more distant or had been taken (n = 282). We used parametric and non-parametric tests to compare both groups and gender differences in respect of depression and anxiety sum scores and cases rates. Results: For both depression and anxiety male and female students facing imminent final exams recorded greater prevalence and significantly higher mean scores. The effect size of differences for anxiety were large. No substantial gender differences were found for depression. Regardless of the timing of final exams female students recorded both significantly higher mean scores and clinically relevant rates for anxiety. Conclusions: Proximity to final exams negatively affected the mental health of both male and female final year students. The study suggests that there may be times in the undergraduate medical curriculum when additional or targeted support is needed. It also highlights the need for research to provide a greater specificity of context when investigating medical students’ mental health.
On the millimetre continuum flux-radius correlation of proto-planetary discs
Creators: name: Rosotti, Giovanni P.
name: Booth, Richard A.
name: Tazzari, Marco
name: Clarke, Cathie
name: Lodato, Giuseppe
name: Testi, Leonardo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A correlation between proto-planetary disc radii and sub-mm fluxes has been recently reported. In this Letter we show that the correlation is a sensitive probe of grain growth processes. Using models of grain growth and drift, we have shown in a companion paper that the observed disc radii trace where the dust grains are large enough to have a significant sub-mm opacity. We show that the observed correlation emerges naturally if the maximum grain size is set by radial drift, implying relatively low values of the viscous $α$ parameter $ \lesssim 0.001$. In this case the relation has an almost universal normalisation, while if the grain size is set by fragmentation the flux at a given radius depends on the dust-to-gas ratio. We highlight two observational consequences of the fact that radial drift limits the grain size. The first is that the dust masses measured from the sub-mm could be overestimated by a factor of a few. The second is that the correlation should be present also at longer wavelengths (e.g. 3mm), with a normalisation factor that scales as the square of the observing frequency as in the optically thick case.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures; accepted on MNRAS letters
How much Electricity do we Consume? A Guide to German and European Electricity Consumption and Generation Data
Creators: name: Schumacher, Maximilian
name: Hirth, Lion
name: Schumacher, Maximilian
name: Hirth, Lion
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: Power system data
subject: Power market modelling

description: Accurate information about electricity generation and consumption is crucial to power system modelling. Several institutions publish such data: for European countries these include the association of system operators ENTSO-E, the EU body Eurostat, and the International Energy Agency; for Germany they comprise the sector organisation BDEW, the federal statistical office Statistisches Bundesamt, the working group AG Energiebilanzen, and the four transmission system operators. This paper compares the terminology, methodology, and reported data of these sources, finding inconsistencies at all three levels. For example, annual electricity generation from wind and solar power in Germany differs by as much as 10% – 20%, depending on who you ask. ENTSO-E publishes “hourly load”, which is widely used among power system modellers. The data documentation provides a (constant) “representativity factor” that should be used to scale the hourly load values. However, we find that the scaling factor, when derived from ENTSO-E’s own more comprehensive data sources (“monthly consumption”), is neither the one provided, nor is it constant. The deviation is particularly worrying in Germany, where peak electricity demand might be underestimated by up to a quarter, and so we propose a scaling procedure that avoids such bias.
Choosing a Smuggler: Decision-making Amongst Migrants Smuggled to Europe
Creators: name: Campana, Paolo
name: Gelsthorpe, Loraine
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: Article
Migrant smuggling
Decision-making
Trust
Information
Reputation

description: Abstract: This paper explores how transactions between smugglers and migrants come about in the context of irregular migration. We first offer some theoretical reflections on the challenges that such a context poses to both parties—smugglers and migrants—and point to three main conditions under which smuggling transactions take place: illegality, asymmetrical information and low trust. Next, we explore the strategies that migrants and smugglers alike may employ to overcome these challenges. We focus on three broad sets of strategies related to information-gathering, to information-checking (reputation and the role of physical and virtual communities) and to developing substitutes for trust (guarantees, escrow services and hostage-taking strategies à la Thomas Schelling). To illustrate our reasoning, we draw on examples from published works as well as from a novel set of 43 qualitative interviews with migrants recently smuggled to Europe. Such interviews were carried out in a destination country (England) and in a transit country (Greece). Evidence from this work supports previous calls to move away from a simplistic “predator-victim” discourse.
Probing late-time annihilations of oscillating asymmetric dark matter via rotation curves of galaxies
Creators: name: Mamprim, Júlia G.
name: Gambini, Guillermo
name: Arbeletche, Luan B.
name: Olegario, Marcos
name: de Souza, Vitor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we explore the Oscillating Asymmetric Dark Matter (OADM) model to address the core-cusp problem, aiming to resolve the discrepancy between the predictions of the $Λ\rm{CDM}$ cosmological model and the observed dark matter profiles in dwarf spheroidal galaxies. The reactivation of dark matter annihilation during the structure formation epoch is possible if there is a small Majorana mass term that breaks the conservation of dark matter particle number, leading to oscillations between dark matter and its antiparticle. We analyzed the effects of the annihilation mechanism in the galaxy rotation curves of the SPARC and LITTLE THINGS catalogs. We searched for the characteristics of the OADM model which best describes the data. Our results show that the OADM model can successfully turn originally cusp-type halos into core-type ones according to our data sample.
Tunnel splitting and quantum phase interference in biaxial ferrimagnetic particles at excited states
Creators: name: Nie, Yi-Hang
name: Jin, Yan-Hong
name: Liang, J. -Q
name: Pu, F. -C
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The tunneling splitting in biaxial ferrimagnetic particles at excited states with an explicit calculation of the prefactor of exponent is obtained in terms of periodic instantons which are responsible for tunneling at excited states and is shown as a function of magnetic field applied along an arbitrary direction in the plane of hard and medium axes. Using complex time path-integral we demonstrate the oscillation of tunnel splitting with respect to the magnitude and the direction of the magnetic field due to the quantum phase interference of two tunneling paths of opposite windings . The oscillation is gradually smeared and in the end the tunnel splitting monotonously increases with the magnitude of the magnetic field when the direction of the magnetic field tends to the medium axis. The oscillation behavior is similar to the recent experimental observation with Fe$_8$ molecular clusters. A candidate of possible experiments to observe the effect of quantum phase interference in the ferrimagnetic particles is proposed.
description: 15 pages, 5 figures, acceptted to be pubblished in Physical Review B
Additional file 4 of PD-1/PD-L1 expression profiles within intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma predict clinical outcome
Creators: name: Tian, Lingyu
name: Ma, Jiaqiang
name: Ma, Lijie
name: Zheng, Bohao
name: Liu, Longzi
name: Song, Danjun
name: Wang, Yining
name: Zhang, Zhao
name: Gao, Qiang
name: Song, Kang
name: Wang, Xiaoying
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 4: Supplementary Table 3. Correlation between the proportion of CD8+ PD-1High, CD8+ PD-1Low, CD68+ PD-L1 and clinicopathological features
Design and synthesis of novel indoline-(thio)urea hybrids
Creators: name: Lafzi, Ferruh
name: Kilic, Haydar
name: Tanriver, Gamze
name: Öyküm Naz Avcı
name: Saron Catak
name: Saracoglu, Nurullah
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: A series of novel indoline-(thio)urea were designed and prepared using indoline(s) as a new platform and tested as organocatalysts in the Michael and Morita–Baylis–Hillman reactions. Most of the compounds were found to be very active catalysts although they did not promote the enantioselectivity. As agents for the conversion of thiocarbonyl compounds into carbonyl compounds, potentials of PIFA and DDQ were also displayed. Furthermore, DFT calculations rationalized the experimentally observed non-enantioselectivity of the catalysts.
Additional file 1 of Socioeconomic inequalities in lifestyle risk factors across low- and middle-income countries
Creators: name: Dieteren, Charlotte
name: Igna Bonfrer
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 1.
Assessing SDGs: A New Methodology to Measure Sustainability
Creators: name: Campagnolo, Lorenza
name: Carraro, Carlo
name: Eboli, Fabio
name: Farnia, Luca
name: Campagnolo, Lorenza
name: Carraro, Carlo
name: Eboli, Fabio
name: Farnia, Luca
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Sustainable Development Goals
subject: Composite Index
subject: Ranking
subject: Indicators

description: The FEEM project APPS – Assessment, Projections and Policy of Sustainable Development Goals – focuses on the quantitative assessment of the seventeen Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), adopted by the United Nations at the end of September 2015. The project consists of two phases. The first, retrospective, computes indicators for all SDGs in 139 countries and then derives a composite multi-dimensional index and a worldwide ranking of current sustainability. This allows informing on strengths and weaknesses of today socio-economic development, as well as environmental criticalities, all around the world. The second phase, prospective, aims at evaluating the future trends of sustainability in the world by 2030. The assessment of the SDGs is carried out by means of an extended version of the recursive-dynamic computable general equilibrium ICES macro-economic model that includes social and environmental indicators. The final goal is to highlight future challenges left unsolved in next 15 years of socio-economic development and analyze costs and benefits of specific policies to support the achievement of proposed targets. This paper presents the methodology and the results of the retrospective assessment. Five main steps are described: i) screening of indicators eligible to address the UN SDGs; ii) data collection from relevant sources; iii) organization in the three pillars of sustainability (economy, society, environment); iv) normalization to a common metrics; v) aggregation of the 25 indicators in composite indices by pillars as well as in the multi-dimensional index. The final ranking summarizes countries’ sustainability performance. As expected, Middle-North European countries are at top of the ranking (Sweden, Norway and Switzerland the first three), with the most industrialized European countries such as Germany and UK, however, penalized by insufficient environmental performance. Other highly developed countries are between 24th (Canada) and 52nd place (United States). The emerging nations are scattered in our sustainability ranking. Brazil (43rd) and Russia (45th) precede China (80th) and India (102nd), the latter two especially penalized because of their social complexity. The worst performances, in terms of overall sustainability, are in Sub-Saharan Africa (Comoros, the Central African Republic and Chad occupy the last places in the ranking).
Municipal Waste Collection: Market Competition and the EU Policy
Creators: name: Reggiani, Carlo
name: Silvestri, Francesco
name: Reggiani, Carlo
name: Silvestri, Francesco
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: EU Municipal Waste Policy
subject: Self-Sufficiency Principle
subject: Proximity Principle

description: Two of the main pillars of the EU waste collection policy are the Proximity Principle and Self-Sufficiency Principle. According to those, waste should be disposed as close as possible to where it has been produced. The effect of such provision is to increase the market power of local disposers, with possible undesirable consequences for other firms in the vertical chain. We show through a simple spatial model that one effect of the Proximity Principle and Self-Sufficiency Principle is to provide an incentive to collectors and waste producers to increase the amount of separated waste.
Collasuyusana diversa Nielson 2011, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Nielson, M. W.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Cicadellidae
Collasuyusana
Collasuyusana diversa

description: Collasuyusana diversa, sp. nov.
(Plate 1G, Figs. 48–54)
 Length: Male 5.80 mm.; female unknown.
 External morphology. Slender species. General color unicolorous golden brown; forewing veins with small, brown spots; eyes ivory; face golden brown (Plate IG). Head distinctly narrower than pronotum, anterior margin obtusely angulate; crown very narrow, about ¼ as wide as width of eyes, produced distally about ¼ entire median length, lateral margins slightly carinate, broadly convex; eyes large, occupying about 2/3 of entire dorsal area of head, semiglobular; pronotum with median length slightly longer than crown, surface smooth; mesonotum with median length slightly longer than pronotum; forewings typical; clypeus elongate, lateral margins broadly convex; clypellus short, about 1/3 as long as clypeus, base narrow, slightly tumid, constricted medially.
 Male genitalia. Pygofer narrow with two caudal processes, caudodorsal process short, robust lobe, caudoventral process long, very narrow, membranous, reaching to base of caudodorsal lobe (Fig. 48); right subgenital plate long, robust, distal 1/3 broad, outer lateral margin profusely setose (Fig. 49); style long, very narrow in distal ¾ (Figs. 50, 51); aedeagus long, tubular throughout, base recurved at right angle with small ligulate process ventrobasally, apex armed with curved spine directed dorsoapically (Figs. 52, 53); connective small, Y-shaped, stem very short (Fig. 54); dorsal connective broadly Y-shaped, long arms, enclosing aedeagal shaft, connected to lateral ligulate processes on base of aedeagus (Figs. 52, 53).
 Material examined. Holotype male. COLOMBIA: Cundinamarca, PNN Chingaza Charrascales, 4º31’ N.– 73º 45’ W., 2990 m., Malaize, 6/29/01–7/12/01, L. Cifuentes, leg., M1985 (IAHC).
 Etymology. The name describes the aedeagal apical spine which is directed dorsoapically as apposed to all other species which the spine directed distally or dorsoventrally.
 Remarks. This species is most similar to C. spenceri, sp. nov. in male genitalia characters and can be separated by the more robust caudodorsal pygofer lobe, more robust pregenital plate and by the dorsoapical direction of the apical spine on the aedeagus. The concolorous general habitus will also separate from all other known species in the genus.
description: Published as part of Nielson, M. W., 2011, 2953, pp. 1-85 in Zootaxa 2953 on page 17
A Novel PQCD Approach in Charmless B-meson Decays
Creators: name: Keum, Y. -Y.
name: Li, H. -N.
name: Sanda, A. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss a novel pertubative QCD approach on the exclusive non-leptonic two body B-meson decays. We briefly review its ingredients and some important theoretical issues on the factorization approaches. We show numerical results which is compatible with recent experimantal data for the charmless B-meson decays.
description: 10 pages, 3 figures, Late with axodraw.sty, Talk presented at the 9th international Symposium on Heavy Flavor Physics, Caltech, Pasadena, Sept. 10-13,2001, and at the 4th international workshop on B physics and CP violation, Ise, Japan, Feb. 2001
title: Labour Policy, Germanness, and Nazi Influence in Brazil
Creators: name: Kott (Ed.), Sandrine
name: Patel (Ed.), Kiran Klaus
Publisher: name: Oxford University Press
Year: 1990

description: The series presents selections of papers delivered at international conferences on comparative British history, European--British relations and transfers, as well as colonial, global, and transnational history. Each volume features a comprehensive introduction and original contributions by both well-known scholars and early career researchers. From three years after first publication, most titles are available in Open Access.
Magnetic phase separation in ordered alloys
Creators: name: Marcos, Jordi
name: Vives, Eduard
name: Castan, Teresa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a lattice model to study the equilibrium phase diagram of ordered alloys with one magnetic component that exhibits a low temperature phase separation between paramagnetic and ferromagnetic phases. The model is constructed from the experimental facts observed in Cu$_{3-x}$AlMn$_{x}$ and it includes coupling between configurational and magnetic degrees of freedom which are appropriated for reproducing the low temperature miscibility gap. The essential ingredient for the occurrence of such a coexistence region is the development of ferromagnetic order induced by the long-range atomic order of the magnetic component. A comparative study of both mean-field and Monte Carlo solutions is presented. Moreover, the model may enable the study of the structure of the ferromagnetic domains embedded in the non-magnetic matrix. This is relevant in relation to phenomena such as magnetoresistance and paramagnetism.
description: 12 pages, 11 figures, accepted in Phys. Rev. B
Intrinsic dissipation mechanisms in metallic glass resonators
Creators: name: Fan, Meng
name: Nawano, Aya
name: Schroers, Jan
name: Shattuck, Mark D.
name: O'Hern, Corey S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Micro- and nano-resonators have important applications including sensing, navigation, and biochemical detection. Their performance is quantified using the quality factor $Q$, which gives the ratio of the energy stored to the energy dissipated per cycle. Metallic glasses are a promising materials class for micro- and nano-scale resonators since they are amorphous and can be fabricated precisely into complex shapes on these lengthscales. To understand the intrinsic dissipation mechanisms that ultimately limit large $Q$-values in metallic glasses, we perform molecular dynamics simulations to model metallic glass resonators subjected to bending vibrations. We calculate the vibrational density of states, redistribution of energy from the fundamental mode of vibration, and $Q$ versus the kinetic energy per atom $K$ of the excitation. In the linear and nonlinear response regimes where there are no atomic rearrangements, we find that $Q \rightarrow \infty$ (since we do not consider coupling to the environment). We identify a characteristic $K_r$ above which atomic rearrangements occur, and there is significant energy leakage from the fundamental mode to higher frequencies, causing finite $Q$. Thus, $K_r$ is a critical parameter determining resonator performance. We show that $K_r$ decreases as a power-law, $K_r\sim N^{-k},$ with increasing system size $N$, where $k \approx 1.3$. We estimate the critical strain $\langle γ_r \rangle \sim 10^{-8}$ for micron-sized resonators below which atomic rearrangements do not occur, and thus large $Q$-values can be obtained when they are operated below $γ_r$. We find that $K_r$ for amorphous resonators is comparable to that for resonators with crystalline order.
description: 12 pages, 13 figures
Microlensing masses via photon bunching
Creators: name: Saha, Prasenjit
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In microlensing of a Galactic star by a brown dwarf or other compact object, the amplified image really consists of two unresolved images with slightly different light-travel times. The difference (of order a microsecond) is GM/c^3 times a dimensionless factor depending on the total magnification. Since magnification is well-measured in microlensing events, a single time-delay measurement would provide the mass of the lens, without degeneracies. The challenge is to find an observable that varies on sub-microsecond time scales. This paper notes that the narrow-band intensity of the unresolved image pair will show photon bunching (the Hanbury Brown and Twiss effect), and argues that the lensed intensity will have an auto-correlation peak at the lensing time delay. The ultrafast photon-counting technology needed for this type of measurement exists, but the photon numbers required to give sufficient signal-to-noise appear infeasible at present. Preliminary estimates suggest time-delayed photon bunching may be measurable for lensed early-type main-sequence stars at 10 kpc, with the help of 30 m-class telescopes.
description: To appear in MNRAS
Challenges to using antihypertensive drug during pregnancy by primary health care provider in primary and secondary level facility in Bangladesh
Creators: name: Shongkour Roy
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Health Care
subject: 111712 Health Promotion
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 111402 Obstetrics and Gynaecology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: We examined primary health care provider’s knowledge and current management practices to identify and treatment of hypertensive disorders in pregnancy
Single and double slit scattering of wave packets
Creators: name: Kälbermann, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The scattering of wave packets from a single slit and a double slit with the Schrödinger equation, is studied numerically and theoretically. The phenomenon of diffraction of wave packets in space and time in the backward region, previously found for barriers and wells, is encountered here also. A new phenomenon of forward diffraction that occurs only for packets thiner than the slit, or slits, is calculated numerically as well as, in a theoretical approximation to the problem. This diffraction occurs at the opposite end of the usual diffraction phenomena with monochromatic waves.
description: Latex format, 35 pages, 15 eps (some colored) figures
Additional file 1: of Differences in genome characters and cell tropisms between two chikungunya isolates of Asian lineage and Indian Ocean lineage
Creators: name: Zhang, Xiaomin
name: Huang, Yalan
name: Wang, Miao
name: Yang, Fan
name: Wu, Chunli
name: Huang, Dana
name: Xiong, Linghong
name: Wan, Chengsong
name: Cheng, Jinquan
name: Zhang, Renli
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology
subject: Virology

description: Figure S1. CPE of virus infected cells at 72Â h.p.i. Figure S2. Viral titer in the supernatant of virus infected adherent cells by plaque assay. Figure S3. Viral titer in the supernatant of virus infected suspension cells by plaque assay. (DOCX 3689 kb)
Collasuyusana spenceri Nielson 2011, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Nielson, M. W.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Cicadellidae
Collasuyusana
Collasuyusana spenceri

description: Collasuyusana spenceri, sp. nov.
(Plate 1H, Figs. 55–60)
 Length: Male 6.30 mm.; female unknown.
 External morphology. Slender species. General color nearly black throughout except for golden brown in corium and adjacent cells of forewing; eyes grey; crown black bordered by yellow with 2 yellow spots on each side of middle and transverse yellow line near middle; face black with narrow yellow crescent lines along lateral margins in distal 2/3 (Plate IH). Head distinctly narrower than pronotum, anterior margin angulate; crown broad, wider than width of eyes; eyes large, occupying about 2/3 of entire dorsal area of head, semiglobular; pronotum with median length about as long as crown; mesonotum with median length about as long as pronotum; forewings typical; clypeus long, broad, lateral margins broadly convex; clypellus short, about 1/3 as long as clypeus, base narrow, flat, apex expanded laterally.
 Male genitalia. Pygofer narrow, caudal margin with 2 processes, caudodorsal process lobed, narrow, curved distally, caudoventral process very long, narrow, membranous (Fig. 55); right subgenital plate long, narrow, outer lateral margin profusely setose in distal ¾ (Fig. 56); style long, narrow in distal ¾ (Figs. 57, 58); aedeagus tubular, long, narrow, base recurved at right angle, with small, paired ligulate lobes on ventral margin, prominent spine apically, directed distally, gonopore subapical (Figs. 59, 60); connective small, Y-shaped, stem very short Fig. 60); dorsal connective with long angulate arms, enclosing aedeagal shaft subbasally, attached basally to lateral, subbasal ligulate lobes of aedeagus (Figs. 59, 60).
 Material examined. Holotype male. COLOMBIA: Boyacá, SFF Iguaque, 5º70’N.– 73º45’W., 26 VII-2000, sweeping near Entyanu, E. Bremer and G. Kuna, leg. (IAHC).
 Etymology. This species is named for a loyal friend, Dr. Russell Spencer, of Provo, UT.
 Remarks. From C. collaris, sp. nov., to which it is similar in male genitalia characters, C. spenceri, sp. nov. can be distinguished by the small ligulate lobe attached to the subbasoventral margin of the aedeagus and directed caudally. The uniform black and golden brown dorsum also will distinguish C. spenceri from other known species in the genus.
description: Published as part of Nielson, M. W., 2011, 2953, pp. 1-85 in Zootaxa 2953 on pages 17-18
O'QUVCHILARNI MA'NAVIY MEROSGA HURMAT RUHIDA TARBIYALASHDA MUZEY PEDAGOGIKASINING ILMIY AHAMIYATI
Creators: name: Nizomxonova, Nargizaposhsha
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Ushbu maqolada ta’lim tizimidagi о‘quv-tarbiya maskanlari va muzeylar faoliyatining uzluksiz aloqadorligi о‘quvchilarni ma’naviy merosga hurmat ruhida tarbiyalashning о‘ziga xos yо‘nalish bо‘lib, ta’lim-tarbiya jarayonida, muzey manbalaridan foydalanish orqali mashg‘ulotlar va ekskursiyalar tarzida amalga oshirilish bilan muzey pedagogikasining ilmiy ahamiyati haqida fikrlar bayon etilgan.
Global Oil Market and the U.S. Stock Returns
Creators: name: Ahmadi, Maryam
name: Manera, Matteo
name: Sadeghzadeh, Mehdi
name: Ahmadi, Maryam
name: Manera, Matteo
name: Sadeghzadeh, Mehdi
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: Oil Market
subject: Oil Price
subject: Stock Market

description: This paper provides an analysis of the link between the oil market and the U.S. stock market returns at the aggregate as well as industry levels. We empirically model oil price changes as driven by speculative demand shocks along with consumption demand and supply shocks in the oil market. We also take into account in our model all the factors that affect stock market price movements over and above the oil market, in order to quantify the pure effect of oil price shocks on returns. The results show that stock returns respond to oil price shocks differently, depending on the causes behind the shocks. Impulse response analysis suggests that consumption demand shocks are the most relevant drivers of the stock market return, relative to other oil market driven shocks. Industry level analysis is performed to control for the heterogeneity of the responses of returns to oil price changes. The results show that both cost side and demand side effects of oil price shocks matter for the responses of industries to oil price shocks. However, the main driver of the variation in industries’ returns is the shock to aggregate stock market.
Doppler cooling of a Coulomb crystal
Creators: name: Morigi, Giovanna
name: Eschner, Juergen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study theoretically Doppler laser-cooling of a cluster of 2-level atoms confined in a linear ion trap. Using several consecutive steps of averaging we derive, from the full quantum mechanical master equation, an equation for the total mechanical energy of the one dimensional crystal, defined on a coarse-grained energy scale whose grid size is smaller than the linewidth of the electronic transition. This equation describes the cooling dynamics for an arbitrary number of ions and in the quantum regime. We discuss the validity of the ergodic assumption (i.e. that the phase space distribution is only a function of energy). From our equation we derive the semiclassical limit (i.e. when the mechanical motion can be treated classically) and the Lamb-Dicke limit (i.e. when the size of the mechanical wave function is much smaller than the laser wavelength). We find a Fokker-Planck equation for the total mechanical energy of the system, whose solution is in agreement with previous analytical calculations which were based on different assumptions and valid only in their specific regimes. Finally, in the classical limit we derive an analytic expression for the average coupling, by light scattering, between motional states at different energies.
description: 19 pages, 3 figures