cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Brieskorn spheres, cyclic group actions and the Milnor conjecture
Creators: name: Baraglia, David
name: Hekmati, Pedram
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 57K10, 57K41

description: In this paper we further develop the theory of equivariant Seiberg-Witten-Floer cohomology of the two authors, with an emphasis on Brieskorn homology spheres. We obtain the following applications. First, we show that the knot concordance invariants $θ^{(c)}$ defined by the first author satisfy $θ^{(c)}(T_{a,b}) = (a-1)(b-1)/2$ for torus knots, whenever $c$ is a prime not dividing $ab$. Since $θ^{(c)}$ is a lower bound for the slice genus, this gives a new proof of the Milnor conjecture of a similar flavour to the proofs using the Ozsváth-Szabó $τ$-invariant or Rasmussen $s$-invariant. Second, we prove that a free cyclic group action on a Brieskorn homology $3$-sphere $Y = Σ(a_1 , \dots , a_r)$ does not extend smoothly to any contractible smooth $4$-manifold bounding $Y$. This generalises to arbitrary $r$ the result of Anvari-Hambleton in the case $r=3$. Third, given a finite subgroup of the Seifert circle action on $Y = Σ(a_1 , \dots , a_r)$ of prime order $p$ acting non-freely on $Y$, we prove that if the rank of $HF_{red}^+(Y)$ is greater than $p$ times the rank of $HF_{red}^+(Y/\mathbb{Z}_p)$, then the $\mathbb{Z}_p$-action on $Y$ does not extend smoothly to any contractible smooth $4$-manifold bounding $Y$. We also prove a similar non-extension result for equivariant connected sums of Brieskorn homology spheres.
description: 38 pages, accepted version. To appear in J. Topol
Water/ice phase transition: the role of Zirconium Acetate, a compound with ice-shaping properties
Creators: name: Marcellini, Moreno
name: Fernandes, Francisco M.
name: Deville, Sylvain
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Few compounds feature ice-shaping properties. The only compound reported to have ice-shaping properties similar to that of ice-shaping proteins, encountered in many organisms living at low temperature, is Zirconium Acetate. When a Zirconium Acetate solution is frozen, oriented and perfectly hexagonal ice crystals can be formed and their growth follows the temperature gradient. To shed light on the water/ice phase transition while freezing Zirconium Acetate solution we carried out differential scanning calorimetry measurements. From our results, we estimate how many water molecules do not freeze because of their interaction with Zr cations. We estimate the colligative properties of the Zr concentration on the apparent critical temperature. We further show the phase transition is unaffected by the nature of the base which is used to adjust the pH. Our results provide thus new hints on the ice-shaping mechanism of Zirconium Acetate.
description: 12 pages, 5 figures
The Other Woman: The Monstrous Feminine as feminist praxis
Creators: name: Hawkins, Katharine Emily
Publisher: name: Macquarie University
Year: 2022
Subjects: Other education not elsewhere classified

description: The Monstrous Feminine is a liminal and constantly signifying cultural entity: simultaneously a product of and a response to patriarchal fears of the supposed 'Otherness' of women. This thesis examines the role of the Monstrous Feminine as feminist praxis, using case studies of women's performances of 'Otherness' to critique and destabilise boundaries of gendered embodiment. Implicit within this project is an interrogation of the relationship between the Monstrous and contemporary intersectional feminism. The liminality of the Monstrous Feminine refuses distinct and reliable categories of identity, and problematises the stratified hierarchies of power that intersectionality insists upon. Furthermore, the genealogy of the Monstrous Feminine reveals that her deployment has often been a means of perpetuating - rather than resisting - oppressive norms of gender, race and embodiment. As a result, the Monstrous Feminine cannot be made commensurate with intersectionality's push to be 'safe' and accessible to all women. However, this thesis asserts that the value of the Monstrous does not lie in its capacity to replicate the narratives of modern intersectionality. Rather, the role of the Monstrous is to make evident the limits and weaknesses within a given symbolic order; in this instance, her capacity to do so applies both to patriarchal systems as well as to the social and scholarly ubiquity of intersectionality. The purpose of this thesis is to position the Monstrous Feminine as a deliberate praxis of 'Otherness' that speaks back to patriarchal gendered and bodily norms in ways that intersectionality cannot. Through case studies of performance art, modern freak-show performers and extreme body modification, I will demonstrate that a critique of normative gender does not need to be 'right' or 'safe' in order to be valuable. Rather, it is through acts of transgression, jouissance and the liminal muddling of discursive and bodily boundaries that the subversive significance of the Monstrous Feminine emerges.
Potassium self-diffusion in a K-rich single-crystal alkali feldspar
Creators: name: Hergemöller, Fabian
name: Wegner, Matthias
name: Deicher, Manfred
name: Wolf, Herbert
name: Brenner, Florian
name: Hutter, Herbert
name: Abart, Rainer
name: Stolwijk, Nicolaas A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The paper reports potassium diffusion measurements performed on gem-quality single-crystal alkali feldspar in the temperature range from $1169$ to $1021 \, \mbox{K}$. Natural sanidine from Volkesfeld, Germany was implanted with $\mbox{}^{43}\mbox{K}$ at the ISOLDE/CERN radioactive ion-beam facility normal to the (001) crystallographic plane. Diffusion coefficients are well described by the Arrhenius equation with an activation energy of $2.4 \, \mbox{eV}$ and a pre-exponential factor of $5\times10^{-6} \, \mbox{m}^{2}/\mbox{s}$, which is more than three orders of magnitude lower than the $\mbox{}^{22}\mbox{Na}$ diffusivity in the same feldspar and the same crystallographic direction. State-of-the-art considerations including ionic conductivity data on the same crystal and Monte Carlo simulations of diffusion in random binary alloy structures point to a correlated motion of K and Na through the interstitialcy mechanism.
An optical-ultraviolet flare with absolute AB magnitude of -39.4 detected in GRB 220101A
Creators: name: Jin, Zhi-Ping
name: Zhou, Hao
name: Wang, Yun
name: Geng, Jin-Jun
name: Covino, Stefano
name: Wu, Xue-Feng
name: Li, Xiang
name: Fan, Yi-Zhong
name: Wei, Da-Ming
name: Wei, Jian-Yan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Hyperluminous optical-ultraviolet fares have been detected in gamma-ray bursts and the luminosity record was held by naked-eye event GRB 080319B. Such fares are widely attributed to internal shock or external reverse shock radiation. Here, with a new method developed to derive reliable photometry from saturated sources of Swift/UVOT, we carry out time-resolved analysis of the initial white-band 150s exposure of GRB 220101A, a burst at a redshift of 4.618, and report a rapidly evolving optical-ultraviolet fare with a high absolute AB magnitude of -39.4$\pm$0.2. In contrast to GRB 080319B, the temporal behaviour of this new fare does not trace the gamma-ray activity. Instead of either internal shocks or reverse shock, this extremely energetic optical-ultraviolet fare is most likely to originate from the refreshed shocks induced by the late-ejected extremely energetic material catching up with the earlier-launched decelerating outflow. This finding reveals the diverse origins of the extremely energetic optical-ultraviolet fares and demonstrates the necessity of high-time-resolution observations at early times.
description: Published in Nature Astronomy, the definitive version is available at https://www.nature.com/articles/s41550-023-02005-w
Linnik point spread functions, time-reversed logarithmic diffusion equations, and blind deconvolution of electron microscope imagery
Creators: name: Carasso, Alfred S.
name: Vladar, Andras E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: A non iterative direct blind deconvolution procedure, previously used successfully to sharpen Hubble Space Telescope imagery, is now found useful in sharpening nanoscale scanning electron microscope (SEM) and helium ion microscope (HIM) images. The method is restricted to images $g(x,y)$, whose Fourier transforms $\hat{g}(ξ,η)$ are such that $log~|\hat{g}(ξ,0)|$ is globally monotone decreasing and convex. The method is not applicable to defocus blurs. A point spread function in the form of a Linnik probability density function is postulated, with parameters obtained by least squares fitting the Fourier transform of the preconditioned microscopy image. Deconvolution is implemented in slow motion by marching backward in time, in Fourier space, from $t = 1$ to $t = 0$, in an associated logarithmic diffusion equation. Best results are usually found in a partial deconvolution at time $\bar{t}$, with $0 < \bar{t} < 1$, rather than in total deconvolution at $t=0$. The method requires familarity with microscopy images, as well as interactive search for optimal parameters.
Log-Normal Waiting Time Widths Characterize Dynamics
Creators: name: Katz, J. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Many astronomical phenomena, including Fast Radio Bursts and Soft Gamma Repeaters, consist of brief, separated, seemingly aperiodic events. The intervals between these events vary randomly, but there are epochs of greater activity, with shorter mean intervals, and of lesser activity, with longer mean intervals. This variability can be quantified by a single dimensionless parameter, the width of a log-normal fit to the distribution of waiting times between events. If the distribution of event strengths is a power law, as is often the case, this parameter is independent of the detection threshold and is a robust measure of the intrinsic variability of the waiting times and of the underlying dynamics.
description: 16 pp
Phrenic nerve stimulation for the treatment of central sleep apnea in patients with heart failure
Creators: name: Wang, Youmeng
name: Schoebel, Juliane
name: Han, Jinming
name: Kraemer, Jan F.
name: Toncar, Theresa
name: Siegert, Jacob
name: Penzel, Thomas
name: Schöbel, Christoph
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Heart failure
subject: Central sleep apnea
subject: Phrenic nerve stimulation
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Objective: Central sleep apnea (CSA) is associated with increased morbidity and mortality in patients with heart failure (HF). We aimed to explore the effectiveness of phrenic nerve stimulation (PNS) on CSA in patients with HF. Methods: This was a prospective and non-randomized study. The stimulation lead was inserted into the right brachiocephalic vein and attached to a proprietary neurostimulator. Monitoring was conducted during the implantation process, and all individuals underwent two-night polysomnography. Results: A total of nine subjects with HF and CSA were enrolled in our center. There was a significant decrease in the apnea-hypopnea index (41 +/- 18 vs 29 +/- 25, p = 0.02) and an increase in mean arterial oxygen saturation (SaO2) (93% +/- 1% vs 95% +/- 2%, p = 0.03) after PNS treatment. We did not observe any significant differences of oxygen desaturation index (ODI) and SaO2 < 90% (T90) following PNS. Unilateral phrenic nerve stimulation might also categorically improve the severity of sleep apnea. Conclusion: In our non-randomized study, PNS may serve as a therapeutic approach for CSA in patients with HF.
Fusion Analysis
Creators: name: Janet, Smith
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: CD ComputaBio provides fusion analysis based on different software (such as OAPfuse, FusionCatcher, EricScript, chimerascan and JAFFA, etc.). With the help of machine learning methods, such as the Naive Bayes algorithm, the fusion gene prediction machine learning model is established to score the predicted gene fusion results, thereby improving the accuracy of predicting the fusion gene. For fusion analysis, we provide you with a one-stop data analysis service, and based on your data, we will match you with the most suitable analysis software or joint analysis of multiple software.
Modeling singlet fission on a quantum computer
Creators: name: Claudino, Daniel
name: Peng, Bo
name: Kowalski, Karol
name: Humble, Travis S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a use case of practical utility of quantum computing by employing a quantum computer in the investigation of the linear H$_4$ molecule as a simple model to comply with the requirements of singlet fission. We leverage a series of independent strategies to bring down the overall cost of the quantum computations, namely 1) tapering off qubits in order to reduce the size of the relevant Hilbert space; 2) measurement optimization via rotations to eigenbases shared by groups of qubit-wise commuting (QWC) Pauli strings; 3) parallel execution of multiple state preparation + measurement operations, implementing quantum circuits onto all 20 qubits available in the Quantinuum H1-1 quantum hardware. We report results that satisfy the energetic prerequisites of singlet fission and which are in excellent agreement with the exact transition energies (for the chosen one-particle basis), and much superior to classical methods deemed computationally tractable for singlet fission candidates
description: 8 pages, 3 figures
Comparison of the value of the STOP-BANG questionnaire with oxygen desaturation index in screening obstructive sleep apnea in Germany
Creators: name: Wang, Yan
name: Fietze, Ingo
name: Salanitro, Matthew
name: Penzel, Thomas
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Obstructive sleep apnea
subject: STOP-Bang questionnaire
subject: Apnea-hypopnea index
subject: Oxygen saturation index
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Purpose: Despite polysomnography being the gold standard method of diagnosing obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), it is time-consuming and has long waiting lists. Alternative methods including questionnaires and portable sleep devices have been developed to increase the speed of diagnosis. However, most questionnaires such as the STOP-BANG questionnaire (SBQ) are limited due to low specificity. This study evaluated the value of SBQ to screen for OSA and compared it with the oxygen desaturation index (ODI) and their combination. Methods: This retrospective study included patients who completed the SBQ and underwent a night at the sleep lab or home sleep testing. The ODI was extracted from these sleep study reports. The combination of SBQ with ODI and their individual scores were compared with apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) in terms of their accuracy in diagnosing OSA. Sensitivity, specificity, and area under the curve (AUC) for different severities of OSA were calculated and compared. Results: Among 132 patients, SBQ showed a sensitivity of 0.9 and a specificity of 0.3 to screen for OSA. As the severity of OSA increased, the sensitivity increased whilst specificity decreased for both measurements. ODI achieved an increased specificity of 0.8 and could correctly diagnose OSA 86% of the time which was better than SBQ's 60%. For all severities of OSA, ODI alone displayed a larger AUC than SBQ and similar AUC to their combination. Conclusion: ODI produced a higher specificity and AUC than SBQ. Furthermore, ODI combined with SBQ failed to increase diagnostic value. Therefore, ODI may be the preferred way to initially screen patients for OSA as an easy-to-use alternative compared to SBQ.
Search for water in a super-Earth atmosphere: High-resolution optical spectroscopy of 55 Cancri e
Creators: name: Esteves, Lisa J.
name: De Mooij, Ernst J. W.
name: Jayawardhana, Ray
name: Watson, Chris
name: de Kok, Remco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the analysis of high-resolution optical spectra of four transits of 55Cnc e, a low-density, super-Earth that orbits a nearby Sun-like star in under 18 hours. The inferred bulk density of the planet implies a substantial envelope, which, according to mass-radius relationships, could be either a low-mass extended or a high-mass compact atmosphere. Our observations investigate the latter scenario, with water as the dominant species. We take advantage of the Doppler cross-correlation technique, high-spectral resolution and the large wavelength coverage of our observations to search for the signature of thousands of optical water absorption lines. Using our observations with HDS on the Subaru telescope and ESPaDOnS on the Canada-France-Hawaii Telescope, we are able to place a 3-sigma lower limit of 10 g/mol on the mean-molecular weight of 55Cnc e's water-rich (volume mixing ratio >10%), optically-thin atmosphere, which corresponds to an atmospheric scale-height of ~80 km. Our study marks the first high-spectral resolution search for water in a super-Earth atmosphere and demonstrates that it is possible to recover known water-vapour absorption signals, in a nearby super-Earth atmosphere, using high-resolution transit spectroscopy with current ground-based instruments.
description: Accepted for publication in ApJ 12 pages, 9 figures. Email: esteves@astro.utoronto.ca; ernst.demooij@dcu.ie; rayjay@yorku.ca; c.a.watson@qub.ac.uk; r.j.de.kok@sron.nl
New Signature of low mass $Z^\prime$ in $J/ψ$ decays
Creators: name: Geng, Chao-Qiang
name: Liu, Chia-Wei
name: Zhang, Jiabao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore a new approach to search for a low-mass $Z^{\prime}$ particle through $J/ψ$ decays by identifying its existence through parity-violating phenomena in the isospin-violating final states of $Λ\overlineΣ^{0}$ and the corresponding charge conjugated states of $\overlineΛΣ^{0}$. Our investigation centers on a generation-independent and leptophobic $Z^{\prime}$ with its mass below 10 GeV. Given the present experimental conditions at the Beijing Spectrometer III~(BESIII) and the anticipated opportunities at the Super Tau Charm Factory~(STCF), we conduct Monte-Carlo simulations to predict possible events at both facilities. Notably, we foresee a substantial enhancement in the precision of the lower limit estimation of $α_{\text{NP}}$ as well as a reduction in statistical uncertainty with upcoming STCF experiments. Furthermore, it is essential to highlight that a null result in the measurement of $α_{\text{NP}}$ would impose stringent constraints, requiring the $Z^{\prime}-q-q$ couplings to be on the order of $10^{-2}$.
description: 10 pages, 3 figures, 1 table
Analysis of the correlations between insomnia and mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic in Germany
Creators: name: Huang, Ying
name: Fietze, Ingo
name: Penzel, Thomas
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Anxiety
subject: Depression
subject: Sleep
subject: Coronavirus
subject: Quality of life
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Objective: This study evaluates correlations between insomnia and mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic in Germany. Methods: The internet-based International COVID-19 Sleep Study (ICOSS) questionnaire including sociodemographic questions as well as sleep- and emotion-related scales was distributed in Germany during the COVID-19 pandemic from May 1 to September 30, 2020. Insomnia and mental state were assessed using the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI), Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ), Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD-2), and visual analogue scale. Qualitative analyses of demographic characteristics were performed and correlation analyses of the variables calculated. Results: A total of 1103 individuals participated and 858 valid questionnaires (70.61% females) were obtained. Mean age and body mass index were 41.97 +/- 12.9 years and 26 +/- 5.9 kg/m(2), respectively. Most participants were married (n = 486, 56.6%), living in the city (n = 646, 75.3%), and white (n = 442, 51.5%). The prevalence of insomnia, anxiety, and depression was 19.5% (ISI > 7), 6.6% (GAD-2 > 3), and 4.8% (PHQ-2 > 3), respectively. Compared to the insomnia group, the mean and median ISI, PHQ-4, PHQ-2, and GAD-2 scores of the non-insomnia group were lower, while their mean and median quality of life and quality of health scores were significantly higher (P < 0.05). Pearson correlation analysis showed a positive correlation between the ISI and PHQ-2 (r = 0.521, P < 0.001), GAD-2 (r = 0.483, P < 0.001), and PHQ-4 scores (r = 0.562, P < 0.001); however, the ISI score negatively correlated with the quality of life (r = -0.490, P < 0.001) and quality of health scores (r = -0.437, P < 0.001). Conclusion Insomnia, anxiety, and depression were very prevalent during the pandemic. Anxiety and depression were more severe in the insomnia than in the non-insomnia group, and insomnia and mental health are closely related.
The impact of AGN X-ray selection on the AGN halo occupation distribution
Creators: name: Powell, M. C.
name: Krumpe, M.
name: Coil, A.
name: Miyaji, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The connection between active galactic nuclei (AGN) and their host dark matter halos provides powerful insights into how supermassive black holes (SMBHs) grow and coevolve with their host galaxies. Here we investigate the impact of observational AGN selection on the AGN halo occupation distribution (HOD) by forward-modeling AGN activity into cosmological N-body simulations. By assuming straightforward relationships between the SMBH mass, galaxy mass, and (sub)halo mass, as well as a uniform broken power law distribution of Eddington ratios, we find that luminosity-limited AGN samples result in biased HOD shapes. While AGN defined by an Eddington ratio threshold produce AGN fractions that are flat across halo mass (unbiased by definition), luminosity-limited AGN fractions peak around galaxy-group-sized halo masses and then decrease with increasing halo mass. With higher luminosities, the rise of the AGN fraction starts at higher halo masses, the peak is shifted towards higher halo masses, and the decline at higher halo masses is more rapid. These results are consistent with recent HOD constraints from AGN clustering measurements, which find (1) characteristic halo mass scales of $\log M_{Vir}\sim$ 12 - 13 [$h^{-1}M_{\odot}$] and (2) a shallower rise of the number of satellite AGN with increasing halo mass than for the overall galaxy population. Thus the observational biases due to AGN selection can naturally explain the constant, characteristic halo mass scale inferred from large-scale AGN clustering amplitudes over a range of redshifts, as well as the measured inconsistencies between AGN and galaxy HODs. We conclude that AGN selection biases can have significant impacts on the inferred AGN HOD, and can therefore lead to possible misinterpretations of how AGN populate dark matter halos and the AGN-host galaxy connection.
description: Accepted for publication in A&A
Bäcklund Transformation and Quasi-Integrable Deformation of Mixed Fermi-Pasta-Ulam and Frenkel-Kontorova Models
Creators: name: Abhinav, Kumar
name: Choudhury, A Ghose
name: Guha, Partha
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we study a non-linear partial differential equation (PDE), proposed by N. Kudryashov [arXiv:1611.06813v1[nlin.SI]], using continuum limit approximation of mixed Fermi-Pasta-Ulam and Frenkel-Kontorova Models. This generalized semi-discrete equation can be considered as a model for the description of non-linear dislocation waves in crystal lattice and the corresponding continuous system can be called mixed generalized potential KdV and sine-Gordon equation. We obtain the Bäcklund transformation of this equation in Riccati form in inverse method. We further study the quasi-integrable deformation of this model.
description: 14 pages
The Momentum Distribution of Liquid $^4$He
Creators: name: Prisk, Timothy R.
name: Bryan, Matthew S.
name: Sokol, Paul. E.
name: Granroth, Garrett E.
name: Moroni, Saverio
name: Boninsegni, Massimo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report high-resolution neutron Compton scattering measurements of liquid $^4$He under saturated vapor pressure. There is excellent agreement between the observed scattering and ab initio predictions of its lineshape. Quantum Monte Carlo calculations predict that the Bose condensate fraction is zero in the normal fluid, builds up rapidly just below the superfluid transition temperature, and reaches a value of approximately $7.5\%$ below 1 K. We also used model fit functions to obtain from the scattering data empirical estimates for the average atomic kinetic energy and Bose condensate fraction. These quantities are also in excellent agreement with ab initio calculations. The convergence between the scattering data and Quantum Monte Carlo calculations is strong evidence for a Bose broken symmetry in superfluid $^4$He.
description: 11 figures
Space tests of the strong equivalence principle: BepiColombo and the Sun-Earth Lagrangian points opportunity
Creators: name: De Marchi, Fabrizio
name: Congedo, Giuseppe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The validity of General Relativity, after 100 years, is supported by solid experimental evidence. However, there is a lot of interest in pushing the limits of precision by other experiments. Here we focus our attention on the equivalence principle, in particular the strong form. The results of ground experiments and lunar laser ranging have provided the best upper limit on the Nordtvedt parameter η that models deviations from the strong equivalence principle. Its uncertainty is currently σ[η] =4.4 $\times$ $10^{-4}$. In the first part of this paper we will describe the experiment, to measure η, that will be done by the future mission BepiColombo. The expected precision on η is $\approx$ $10^{-5}$. In the second part we will consider the ranging between the Earth and a spacecraft orbiting near the Sun-Earth Lagrangian points to get an independent measurement of η. In this case, we forecast a constraint similar to that achieved by lunar laser ranging.
description: 11 pages, 2 figures
Higgsed Gauge-flation
Creators: name: Adshead, Peter
name: Sfakianakis, Evangelos I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study a variant of Gauge-flation where the gauge symmetry is spontaneously broken by a Higgs sector. We work in the Stueckelberg limit and demonstrate that the dynamics remain (catastrophically) unstable for cases where the gauge field masses satisfy $γ< 2$, where $γ= g^2ψ^2/H^2$, $g$ is the gauge coupling, $ψ$ is the gauge field vacuum expectation value, and $H$ is the Hubble rate. We compute the spectrum of density fluctuations and gravitational waves, and show that the model can produce observationally viable spectra. The background gauge field texture violates parity, resulting in a chiral gravitational wave spectrum. This arises due to an exponential enhancement of one polarization of the spin-2 fluctuation of the gauge field. Higgsed Gauge-flation can produce observable gravitational waves at inflationary energy scales well below the GUT scale.
description: 52 pages, 14 figures
Observation of Nonlinear Response and Onsager Regression in a Photon Bose-Einstein Condensate
Creators: name: Sazhin, Alexander
name: Gladilin, Vladimir N.
name: Erglis, Andris
name: Hellmann, Göran
name: Vewinger, Frank
name: Weitz, Martin
name: Wouters, Michiel
name: Schmitt, Julian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The quantum regression theorem states that the correlations of a system at two different times are governed by the same equations of motion as the temporal response of the average values. Such a relation provides a powerful framework for the investigation of physical systems by establishing a formal connection between intrinsic microscopic behaviour and a macroscopic 'effect' due to an external 'cause'. Measuring the response to a controlled perturbation in this way allows to determine, for example, structure factors in condensed matter systems as well as other correlation functions of material systems. Here we experimentally demonstrate that the two-time particle number correlations in a photon Bose-Einstein condensate inside a dye-filled microcavity exhibit the same dynamics as the response of the condensate to a sudden perturbation of the dye molecule bath. This confirms the regression theorem for a quantum gas and, moreover, establishes a test of this relation in an unconventional form where the perturbation acts on the bath and only the condensate response is monitored. For strong perturbations, we observe nonlinear relaxation dynamics which our microscopic theory relates to the equilibrium fluctuations, thereby extending the regression theorem beyond the regime of linear response. The demonstrated nonlinearity of the condensate-bath system paves the way for studies of novel elementary excitations in lattices of driven-dissipative photon condensates.
description: 10 pages, 4 figures
Klinisch-pathologische Analyse des Ovarialkarzinoms mit Schwerpunkt auf der Evaluation prognostischer immunhistologischer Biomarker im high-grade serösen Adenokarzinom
Creators: name: Taube, Tina Eliane Tabea
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: ovarian carcinoma
subject: prognostic factors
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Ovarialkarzinome zeichnen sich durch eine hohe Mortalität aus. In der Ära der Präzisionsmedizin sind Biomarker zur Patientinnenstratifizierung dringend erforderlich. Die vorliegende Arbeit untersucht proteomische immunhistologische Biomarker (WT1, ER-α, Treg, TH17, EVI1, PARP1, IDO1 und LRP1B) an einem großen, gut charakterisierten Kollektiv von Patientinnen mit HGSOC auf prognostische Signifikanz. In silico und in vitro Analysen werden zur Bestätigung und zur mechanistischen Erklärung der gefundenen Ergebnisse herangezogen. Biologisch konnten wir Hinweise auf eine Signifikanz des TGF-ß Signaltransduktionsweges, des Lipid- und Tryptophanmetabolismus sowie immunologischer Regulationsmechanismen herausstellen. Die Ergebnisse liefern einen Beitrag zur Klärung der einzigartigen Prozesse beim HGSOC.
Distinguishing quantum states using time travelling qubits in a presence of thermal environments
Creators: name: Dziewit, Bartosz
name: Richter, Monika
name: Dajka, Jerzy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider quantum circuits with time travel designed for distinguishing specific nonorthogonal quantum states in two most popular models: Deutschs and postselected. We modify them by a presence of weakly coupled thermal environment. Using the Davies approximation we study how the thermal noise affects an ability of the circuits to distinguish nonorthogonal quantum states. We show that for purely dephasing environment a paradoxial power of such circuits remains preserved. We also present a physics based argument for conditions of validity of the maximum entropy rule introduced by David Deutsch for resolving the uniqueness ambiguity in a circuit with time travel.
description: 9 pages, 9 figures
Anwendung der kardialen Computertomographie zur Diagnostik und Therapieplanung bei Patienten mit schwerer Herzinsuffizienz
Creators: name: Solowjowa, Natalia
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: heart failure
subject: myocardial infarction
subject: left ventricle aneurysm
subject: cardiac computed tomography
subject: surgical ventricular reconstruction
subject: intraventricular hemodynamics
subject: statistical shape modeling
subject: fluid- structure interaction
subject: computational fluid dynamics
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: In der Habilitationsschrift wird die Anwendung der kardialen Computertomographie (CCT) bei Patienten mit schwerer Herzinsuffizienz auf dem Boden der linksventrikulären Aneurysmen (LVA), die Implikation der Methode für die individualisierte Therapieplanung der rekonstruktiven Chirurgie des linken Ventrikels (LV) und der Mitralklappe (MK) sowie die Anwendung der CCT als Grundlage für die Modellierung der linksventrikulären Hämodynamik und virtuellen Therapieplanung dargestellt.
Evaluating the Psychometric Properties of the German Self and Interpersonal Functioning Scale (SIFS)
Creators: name: Macina, Caroline
name: Kerber, André
name: Zimmermann, Johannes
name: Ohse, Ludwig
name: Kampe, Leonie
name: Mohr, Jil
name: Walter, Marc
name: Hörz-Sagstetter, Susanne
name: Wrege, Johannes Sebastian
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Self and Interpersonal Functioning Scale
subject: self-report questionnaire
subject: evaluation
subject: 100 Philosophie und Psychologie::150 Psychologie::150 Psychologie

description: The Self and Interpersonal Functioning Scale (SIFS) is a 24-item self-report questionnaire assessing personality functioning according to the alternative DSM-5 model for personality disorders. We evaluated the German SIFS version in a total sample of 886 participants from Germany and Switzerland. Its factor structure was investigated with confirmatory factor analysis comparing bifactor models with two specific factors (self- and interpersonal functioning) and four specific factors (identity, self-direction, empathy, and intimacy). The SIFS sum and domain scores were tested for reliability and convergent validity with self-report questionnaires and interviews for personality functioning, -organization, -traits, -disorder categories, and well-being. None of the bifactor models yielded good model fit, even after excluding two items with low factor loadings and including a method factor for reverse-keyed items. Based on a shortened 22-item SIFS version, models suggested that the g-factor explained 52.9–59.6% of the common variance and that the SIFS sum score measured the g-factor with a reliability of .68–.81. Even though the SIFS sum score showed large test-retest reliability and correlated strongly with well-established self-report questionnaires and interviews, the lack of structural validity appears to be a serious disadvantage of the SIFS compared to existing self-reports questionnaires of personality functioning.
Measurement of the pion form factor with CMD-3 detector and its implication to the hadronic contribution to muon (g-2)
Creators: name: 3 Collaboration
name: Ignatov, F. V.
name: Akhmetshin, R. R.
name: Amirkhanov, A. N.
name: Anisenkov, A. V.
name: Aulchenko, V. M.
name: Bashtovoy, N. S.
name: Berkaev, D. E.
name: Bondar, A. E.
name: Bragin, A. V.
name: Eidelman, S. I.
name: Epifanov, D. A.
name: Epshteyn, L. B.
name: Erofeev, A. L.
name: Fedotovich, G. V.
name: Gorkovenko, A. O.
name: Grancagnolo, F. J.
name: Grebenuk, A. A.
name: Gribanov, S. S.
name: Grigoriev, D. N.
name: Ivanov, V. L.
name: Karpov, S. V.
name: Kasaev, A. S.
name: Kazanin, V. F.
name: Khazin, B. I.
name: Kirpotin, A. N.
name: Koop, I. A.
name: Korobov, A. A.
name: Kozyrev, A. N.
name: Kozyrev, E. A.
name: Krokovny, P. P.
name: Kuzmenko, A. E.
name: Kuzmin, A. S.
name: Logashenko, I. B.
name: Lukin, P. A.
name: Lysenko, A. P.
name: Mikhailov, K. Yu.
name: Obraztsov, I. V.
name: Okhapkin, V. S.
name: Otboev, A. V.
name: Perevedentsev, E. A.
name: Pestov, Yu. N.
name: Popov, A. S.
name: Razuvaev, G. P.
name: Rogovsky, Yu. A.
name: Ruban, A. A.
name: Ryskulov, N. M.
name: Ryzhenenkov, A. E.
name: Semenov, A. V.
name: Senchenko, A. I.
name: Shatunov, P. Yu.
name: Shatunov, Yu. M.
name: Shebalin, V. E.
name: Shemyakin, D. N.
name: Shwartz, B. A.
name: Shwartz, D. B.
name: Sibidanov, A. L.
name: Solodov, E. P.
name: Talyshev, A. A.
name: Timoshenko, M. V.
name: Titov, V. M.
name: Tolmachev, S. S.
name: Vorobiov, A. I.
name: Yudin, Yu. V.
name: Zemlyansky, I. M.
name: Zhadan, D. S.
name: Zharinov, Yu. M.
name: Zubakin, A. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The cross section of the process $e^+e^-\toπ^+π^-$ has been measured in the center-of-mass energy range from 0.32 to 1.2 GeV with the CMD-3 detector at the electron-positron collider VEPP-2000. The measurement is based on an integrated luminosity of about 88 pb$^{-1}$, of which 62 pb$^{-1}$ represent a complete dataset collected by CMD-3 at center-of-mass energies below 1 GeV. In the dominant region near the $ρ$ resonance a systematic uncertainty of 0.7% was achieved. The implications of the presented results for the evaluation of the hadronic contribution to the anomalous magnetic moment of the muon are discussed.
description: 8 pages, 3 figures; as published in Phys. Rev. Lett. 132, 231903
Copolymerization of partly incompatible monomers: an insight from computer simulations
Creators: name: Gavrilov, Alexey A.
name: Chertovich, Alexander V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work we used dissipative particle dynamics simulations to study the copolymerization process in the presence of spatial heterogeneities caused by incompatibility between polymerizing monomers. The polymer sequence details as well as the resulting system spatial structure in the case if phase segregation occurs during the chain growth can be predicted using the method. We performed the model verification with the available literature data on styrene-acrylic acid copolymerization in the bulk and a very good agreement between experimental and simulated data for both chain average composition and triad fractions was observed. Next, we studied the system properties for a model symmetric reaction process with the reactivity ratios r1 = r2 = 0.5 at different compositions and Flory-Huggins parameters \c{hi}. We found that the system average copolymer "composition-feed" curve does not depend on the \c{hi}-value, but there are significant changes in the copolymer sequences caused by the density fluctuations. Finally, we investigated the formation of gradient copolymers during living styrene-acrylic acid copolymerization at a highly asymmetrical feed composition.
Genetic polymorphisms of the HLA-DP and HLA-DQ genes could influence Hepatitis B virus infection in Yunnan population
Creators: name: Song, Yuzhu
name: Xia, Tian
name: Xia, Xueshan
name: Zhang, A-Mei
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Mental Health
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Virology

description: Hepatitis B, caused by hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, is one of the epidemic and infectious hepatitis diseases. The sigle-nucleotide polymorphisms were identified to associate with HBV infection in East Asian population by genome-wide association study (GWAS), but no study in Yunnan HBV population was reported. We recruited 493 HBV patients and 460 general controls to genotype 7 GWAS SNPs, and then, the association study was performed between these SNPs and biochemical features of HBV patients. The results showed that genotype and allele frequencies of SNPs in the HLA-DP (rs3077, 9277535, and 3128917) and HLA-DQ (rs2856718 and 7453920) genes were associated with HBV infection. Significantly different genotyping frequencies were investigated among three HBV subgroups. Genotype AA of rs3130542 (HLA-C) showed significantly higher frequency in subgroup #1 patients than the other two subgroups (#1 vs. #2, p = .02; #1 vs. #3, p = .03). Meanwhile, genotype frequencies of rs3077, rs9277535, and 3128917 (HLA-DP) were significantly different between patients in subgroup #2 and #3. The indirect bilirubin level was significantly lower in patients with genotype CT of rs3077 than patients with genotype CC (p = .009) or TT (p = .016), and it also showed lower level in patients with genotype GT of rs3128917 than patients with genotype GG (p = .015). The direct bilirubin level was higher in patients with genotype TT of rs4821116 (UBE2L3) than patients with genotype CT (p = .010). In summary, we identified the association between GWAS SNPs and HBV infection or biochemical features in Yunnan HBV population.
Boundary driven Brownian gas
Creators: name: Bertini, Lorenzo
name: Posta, Gustavo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a gas of independent Brownian particles on a bounded interval in contact with two particle reservoirs at the endpoints. Due to the Brownian nature of the particles, infinitely many particles enter and leave the system in each time interval. Nonetheless, the dynamics can be constructed as a Markov process with continuous paths on a suitable space. If $λ_0$ and $λ_1$ are the chemical potentials of the boundary reservoirs, the stationary distribution (reversible if and only if $λ_0=λ_1$) is a Poisson point process with intensity given by the linear interpolation between $λ_0$ and $λ_1$. We then analyze the empirical flow that it is defined by counting, in a time interval $[0,t]$, the net number of particles crossing a given point $x$. In the stationary regime we identify its statistics and show that it is given, apart an $x$ dependent correction that is bounded for large $t$, by the difference of two independent Poisson processes with parameters $λ_0$ and $λ_1$.
Improvement of bladder function after bladder augmentation surgery: a report of 26 years of clinical experience
Creators: name: Trojan, Katharina C.
name: Schneider, Joanna
name: Marco, Beatriz Bañuelos
name: Ciesla, Luise
name: Geppert, Tamara
name: Kaindl, Angela M.
name: Lingnau, Anja
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Bladder augmentation
subject: Urodynamic
subject: Spina bifida
subject: Hostility score
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Introduction: To assess the long-term effect of bladder augmentation surgery in patients with spina bifida and to identify risk factors for severe bladder dysfunction requiring bladder augmentation. Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed on 178 patients with spina bifida, 23 of them underwent bladder augmentation. Surgery outcome was evaluated according to urodynamic assessments at three follow-up time points per patient up to 120 months postoperatively. The results were compared to the preoperative situation and to the non-operated control group. Bladder function was evaluated using the modified Hostility score. To identify risk factors for bladder dysfunction requiring bladder augmentation, characteristics such as type of spina bifida, lesion level and therapy of bladder dysfunction were analyzed. Results: A high spinal lesion level is a risk factor for requiring bladder augmentation. In the BA group, significantly more thoracic lesions were found than NBA group, BA: 26.1%, NBA: 8.4% (p = 0.021). With bladder augmentation surgery, the modified Hostility score decreased from a preoperative median value of 4.3 +/- 1.4 to 1.6 +/- 1.0 at the third postoperative follow-up (FU3 = 61-120 months after surgery). In the reference group, the score of the last urological assessment was 2.0 +/- 1.5. The age at which clean intermittent catheterization or anticholinergic medication started had no significant influence on the decision to perform bladder augmentation. Discussion/conclusion: Spina bifida patients with bladder augmentation had a significant improvement of the bladder function even at long-term follow-up. A high level of spinal lesion was a predisposing factor for requiring a bladder augmentation.
Nonlinear Gravity from Entanglement in Conformal Field Theories
Creators: name: Faulkner, Thomas
name: Haehl, Felix M.
name: Hijano, Eliot
name: Parrikar, Onkar
name: Rabideau, Charles
name: Van Raamsdonk, Mark
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we demonstrate the emergence of nonlinear gravitational equations directly from the physics of a broad class of conformal field theories. We consider CFT excited states defined by adding sources for scalar primary or stress tensor operators to the Euclidean path integral defining the vacuum state. For these states, we show that up to second order in the sources, the entanglement entropy for all ball-shaped regions can always be represented geometrically (via the Ryu-Takayanagi formula) by an asymptotically AdS geometry. We show that such a geometry necessarily satisfies Einstein's equations perturbatively up to second order, with a stress energy tensor arising from matter fields associated with the sourced primary operators. We make no assumptions about AdS/CFT duality, so our work serves as both a consistency check for the AdS/CFT correspondence and a direct demonstration that spacetime and gravitational physics can emerge from the description of entanglement in conformal field theories.
description: 55 pages, 8 figures