cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Deep learning neural network for approaching Schrödinger problems with arbitrary two-dimensional confinement
Creators: name: Radu, Adrian
name: Duque, Carlos A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 68T07

description: This article presents an approach to the two-dimensional Schrödinger equation based on automatic learning methods with neural networks. It is intended to determine the ground state of a particle confined in any two-dimensional potential, starting from the knowledge of the solutions to a large number of arbitrary sample problems. A network architecture with two hidden layers is proposed to predict the wave function and energy of the ground state. Several accuracy indicators are proposed for validating the estimates provided by the neural network. The testing of the trained network is done by applying it to a large set of confinement potentials different from those used in the learning process. Some particular cases with symmetrical potentials are solved as concrete examples, and a good network prediction accuracy is found.
description: 29 pages, 13 figures, 2 tables
Cody: An Interactive Machine Learning System for Qualitative Coding
Creators: name: Rietz, Tim
name: Toreini, Peyman
name: Maedche, Alexander
Publisher: name: Karlsruhe
Year: 2020
Subjects: Qualitative coding
Supervised machine learning

description: Qualitative coding, the process of assigning labels to text as part of qualitative analysis, is time-consuming and repetitive, especially for large datasets. While available QDAS sometimes allows the semi-automated extension of annotations to unseen data, recent user studies revealed critical issues. In particular, the integration of automated code suggestions into the coding process is not transparent and interactive. In this work, we present Cody, a system for semi-automated qualitative coding that suggests codes based on human-defined coding rules and supervised machine learning (ML). Suggestions and rules can be revised iteratively by users in a lean interface that provides explanations for code suggestions. In a preliminary evaluation, 42% of all documents could be coded automatically based on code rules. Cody is the first coding system to allow users to define query-style code rules in combination with supervised ML. Thereby, users can extend manual annotations to unseen data to improve coding speed and quality.
Watershed-Scale Drivers of Air-Water CO2 Exchanges in Two Lagoonal North Carolina (USA) Estuaries
Creators: name: Paerl, H.W.
name: Van Dam, B.R.
name: Crosswell, J.R.
name: Anderson, I.C.
Publisher: name: Blackwell Publishing Ltd
Year: 2018

description: Riverine loading of nutrients and organic matter act in concert to modulate CO2 fluxes in estuaries, yet quantitative relationships between these factors remain poorly defined. This study explored watershed-scale mechanisms responsible for the relatively low CO2 fluxes observed in two microtidal, lagoonal estuaries. Air-water CO2 fluxes were quantified with 74 high-resolution spatial surveys in the neighboring New River Estuary (NewRE) and Neuse River Estuary (NeuseRE), North Carolina, which experience a common climatology but differ in marine versus riverine influence. Annually, both estuaries were relatively small sources of CO2 to the atmosphere, 12.5 and 16.3 mmol C m−2 d−1 in the NeuseRE and NewRE, respectively. Large-scale pCO2 variations were driven by changes in freshwater age, which modulates nutrient and organic carbon supply and phytoplankton flushing. Greatest pCO2 undersaturation was observed at intermediate freshwater ages, between 2 and 3 weeks. Biological controls on CO2 fluxes were obscured by variable inputs of river-borne CO2, which drove CO2 degassing in the river-dominated NeuseRE. Internally produced CO2 exceeded river-borne CO2 in the marine-dominated NewRE, suggesting that net ecosystem heterotrophy, rather than riverine inputs, drove CO2 fluxes in this system. Variations in riverine alkalinity and inorganic carbon loading caused zones of minimum buffering capacity to occur at different locations in each estuary, enhancing the sensitivity of estuarine inorganic C chemistry to acidification. Although annual CO2 fluxes were similar between systems, watershed-specific hydrologic factors led to disparate controls on internal carbonate chemistry, which can influence ecosystem biogeochemical cycling, trophic state, and response to future perturbations.
Demonstration of a highly-sensitive tunable beam displacer with no movable elements based on the concept of weak value amplification
Creators: name: Salazar-Serrano, Luis José
name: Guzmán, David
name: Valencia, Alejandra
name: Torres, Juan P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the implementation of a highly sensitive beam displacer based on the concept of weak value amplification that allows to displace the centroid of a Gaussian beam a distance much smaller than its beam width without the need to use movable optical elements. The beam's centroid position can be displaced by controlling the linear polarization of the output beam, and the dependence between the centroid's position and the angle of polarization is linear.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures
La alusión a romances en la literatura española (análisis estadístico)
Creators: name: Asensio Jiménez, Nicolás
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Romancero
María Goyri
Carolina Michaëlis de Vasconcelos
Ramón Menéndez Pidal
Spanish Literature
Spanish Golden Age
Medieval Literature
Oral Literature

description: Participación en el VII Congresso Internacional do Romanceiro, celebrado en la Universidade Nova de Lisboa los días 10, 11 y 12 de mayo de 2023. Además de la presentación de la comunicación titulada «La alusión a romances en la literatura española (análisis estadístico)», se adjunta a continuación el resumen: Inspirada por los Estudos sobre o romanceiro peninsular: Romances velhos em Portugal de Carolina Michaëlis de Vasconcelos (1907-1909), María Goyri, con la colaboración de Ramón Menéndez Pidal, registró alrededor de 2000 referencias a romances en la literatura española. Este valioso inventario, que forma parte del Archivo del Romancero de la Fundación Ramón Menéndez Pidal, está siendo catalogado y estudiado por el proyecto GOLDEN-Rom y pronto estará disponible públicamente mediante una base de datos digital. Partiendo de los datos reunidos en el inventario de Goyri y Menéndez Pidal, la presente comunicación tiene como objetivo realizar un estudio del fenómeno de la alusión a romances en las letras hispánicas de los siglos XV, XVI y XVII. Aplicando métodos y técnicas de la estadística descriptiva, se pretende averiguar, entre otros aspectos, qué romances y qué versos fueron los más populares, qué escritores se hicieron mayor eco del romancero, qué géneros literarios contienen más/menos referencias, hasta qué punto se reformulan los versos y qué sentido adquirieron en su nuevo contexto literario. Los resultados, finalmente, se compararán con las conclusiones que extrajeron Carolina Michaëlis, Giuseppe Di Stefano y Teresa Araújo del corpus de referencias romancísticas portugués para determinar si hay diferencias entre ambas literaturas
Semantic Information in a model of Resource Gathering Agents
Creators: name: Sowinski, Damian R
name: Carroll-Nellenback, Jonathan
name: Markwick, Robert N
name: Piñero, Jordi
name: Gleiser, Marcelo
name: Kolchinsky, Artemy
name: Ghoshal, Gourab
name: Frank, Adam
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Cellular Automata and Lattice Gases (nlin.CG)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: We explore the application of a new theory of Semantic Information to the well-motivated problem of a resource foraging agent. Semantic information is defined as the subset of correlations, measured via the transfer entropy, between agent $A$ and environment $E$ that is necessary for the agent to maintain its viability $V$. Viability, in turn, is endogenously defined as opposed to the use of exogenous quantities like utility functions. In our model, the forager's movements are determined by its ability to measure, via a sensor, the presence of an individual unit of resource, while the viability function is its expected lifetime. Through counterfactual interventions -- scrambling the correlations between agent and environment via noising the sensor -- we demonstrate the presence of a critical value of the noise parameter, $η_c$, above which the forager's expected lifetime is dramatically reduced. On the other hand, for $η< η_c$ there is little-to-no effect on its ability to survive. We refer to this boundary as the semantic threshold, quantifying the subset of agent-environment correlations that the agent actually needs to maintain its desired state of staying alive. Each bit of information affects the agent's ability to persist both above and below the semantic threshold. Modeling the viability curve and its semantic threshold via forager/environment parameters, we show how the correlations are instantiated. Our work provides a useful model for studies of established agents in terms of semantic information. It also shows that such semantic thresholds may prove useful for understanding the role information plays in allowing systems to become autonomous agents.
description: 17 pages, 10 figures, 5 appendices
CO2 limited conditions favor cyanobacteria in a hypereutrophic lake: An empirical and theoretical stable isotope study
Creators: name: Zhu, G.
name: Van Dam, B.R.
name: Tobias, C.
name: Paerl, H.W.
name: Holbach, A.
Publisher: name: Wiley Blackwell
Year: 2018

description: Harmful algal blooms (HABs) are a global problem, exacerbated by rising temperatures, cultural eutrophication, urbanization, and agricultural development. During these HABs, phytoplankton consumption of CO2 may result in conditions of C limitation, where algal taxa best adapted for these conditions will be at a competitive advantage. Many cyanobacteria are capable of alleviating CO2 limitation by a variety of strategies, including the active assimilation of HCO3 -. In this study, we utilized a high-resolution, month-long time series of stable C isotopes and high-performance liquid chromatograph-based algal taxonomy in the hypereutrophic Lake Taihu, China, to investigate whether cyanobacteria are indeed advantaged by CO2 limiting conditions. We employed a model of phytoplankton C acquisition to support the inferences derived from direct measurements. Diurnal cycles of production and respiration caused δ13CDIC to vary between −4‰ and −9‰, while δ13CPOC varied between −29.6‰ and −19.6‰. Measured and modeled phytoplankton fractionation of DIC were positively correlated with pCO2 and negatively correlated with cyanobacterial abundance, suggesting that CO2 limitation preferentially favored increased cyanobacterial biomass, relative to other taxa. We propose that the ability of many cyanobacteria to access otherwise limiting pools of inorganic C is intrinsically linked with their capacity to cope with CO2 limiting conditions, and may be a key factor in their dominance during HABs.
Model for vibrationally enhanced tunneling of proton transfer in hydrogen bond
Creators: name: Sitnitsky, A. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Theoretical analysis of the effect of an external vibration on proton transfer (PT) in a hydrogen bond (HB) is carried out. It is based on the two-dimensional Schrödinger equation with trigonometric double-well potential. Its solution obtained within the framework of the standard adiabatic approximation is available. An analytic formula is derived that provides the calculation of PT rate with the help of elements implemented in {\sl {Mathematica}}. We exemplify the general theory by calculating PT rate constant for the intermolecular HB in the Zundel ion ${\rm{H_5O_2^{+}}}$ (oxonium hydrate). This object enables one to explore a wide range of the HB lengths. Below some critical value of the frequency of the external vibration the calculated PT rate yields extremely rich resonant behavior (multiple manifestations of bell-shaped peaks). It takes place at symmetric coupling of the external vibration to the proton coordinate. This phenomenon is absent for anti-symmetric and squeezed mode couplings.
description: 21 p., 5 fig., accepted for publication to Chem.Phys.Lett
Additional file 1 of Operationalisation of person-centred care in a real-world setting: a case study with six embedded units
Creators: name: Fridberg, Helena
name: Wallin, Lars
name: Tistad, Malin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1. Interview guide.
Investigating Dynamical Properties of Globular Clusters through a Family of Lowered Isothermal Models
Creators: name: Cheng, Chia-Hsuan
name: Jiang, Ing-Guey
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: To investigate the dynamical properties of globular clusters, the surface brightness and kinematic data were collected and fitted to a family of lowered isothermal models called LIMEPY models. For 18 studied globular clusters, the amounts of concentration, truncation, and anisotropy were determined. In addition, the cluster mass, half-mass radius, distance, and mass-to-light ratio were also obtained. In general, LIMEPY models could describe these clusters well. Among these 18 clusters, NGC 5139, NGC 6388, and NGC 7078 were claimed to be candidates to host intermediate-mass black holes in literature. The models could not appropriately fit the central proper-motion velocity dispersion of NGC 5139 and the slope of proper-motion velocity-dispersion profile of NGC 6388. Thus, more dedicated models with intermediate-mass black holes or a group of stellar-mass black holes at cluster centers may need to be considered. Considering NGC 7078, our model with some degree of anisotropy can fit the data. Finally, the strong concentration-truncation anti-correlation and truncation-semimajor-axis correlation were revealed, which could be the observational imprint of the dynamical evolution of globular clusters.
description: 15 pages, 9 figures, 3 tables, published in MNRAS
Local diabatic representation of conical intersection quantum dynamics
Creators: name: Gu, Bing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Conical intersections are ubiquitous in polyatomic molecules and responsible for a wide range of phenomena in chemistry and physics. We introduce and implement a local diabatic representation for the correlated electron-nuclear dynamics around conical intersections. It employs the adiabatic electronic states but avoids the singularity of nonadiabatic couplings, and is robust to different gauge choices of the electronic wavefunction phases. Illustrated by a two-dimensional conical intersection model, this representation captures nonadiabatic transitions, electronic coherence, and geometric phase.
Collective mode evidence of high-spin bosonization in a trapped one-dimensional atomic Fermi gas with tunable spin
Creators: name: Liu, Xia-Ji
name: Hu, Hui
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate the frequency of collective modes of a one-dimensional repulsively interacting Fermi gas with high-spin symmetry confined in harmonic traps at zero temperature. This is a system realizable with fermionic alkaline-earth-metal atoms such as $^{173}$Yb, which displays an exact SU($κ$) spin symmetry with $κ\geqslant2$ and behaves like a spinless interacting Bose gas in the limit of infinite spin components $κ\rightarrow\infty$, namely high-spin bosonization. We solve the homogeneous equation of state of the high-spin Fermi system by using Bethe ansatz technique and obtain the density distribution in harmonic traps based on local density approximation. The frequency of collective modes is calculated by exactly solving the zero-temperature hydrodynamic equation. In the limit of large number of spin-components, we show that the mode frequency of the system approaches to that of a one-dimensional spinless interacting Bose gas, as a result of high-spin bosonization. Our prediction of collective modes is in excellent agreement with a very recent measurement for a Fermi gas of $^{173}$Yb atoms with tunable spin confined in a two-dimensional tight optical lattice.
description: 11 pages, 8 figures
Flood-driven CO2 emissions from adjacent North Carolina estuaries during Hurricane Joaquin (2015)
Creators: name: Crosswell, J.R.
name: Van Dam, B.R.
name: Paerl, H.W.
Publisher: name: Elsevier B.V.
Year: 2018

description: Extreme climatic events like floods and hurricanes have the potential to significantly alter coastal carbon cycling. However, due to the challenges associated with sampling these events, they can be difficult to incorporate into regional and global carbon budgets. To address this data gap, we bracket a major flooding event associated with the passing of Hurricane Joaquin (October 2015) with direct and high-resolution pCO2 measurements in the Neuse (NeuseRE) and New River Estuary (NewRE), North Carolina. Enhanced river discharge quickly flushed the relatively small NewRE, causing residence time to fall from 90 to 9 days, while the larger NeuseRE responded relatively slowly to flooding. This period of rapid flushing coincided with a significant increase in CO2 fluxes. The effect of cooler flood-waters, which reduce pCO2, was counteracted by allochthonous DIC inputs, which drove large increases in pCO2 relative to dissolved O2. The spatial distribution of carbonate buffering differed between estuaries, enhancing CO2 fluxes in the NewRE (178 mmol C m−2 d−1), while partially limiting air-water exchange in the NeuseRE (62 mmol C m−2 d−1). While windy storms may drive larger CO2 fluxes from estuaries, we show that flooding events can also contribute significantly to annual carbon budgets. CO2 emissions during this ~14-day flood period accounted for 31% (NeuseRE) to 44% (NewRE) of the total annual CO2 flux. Our findings show that sufficient spatial and temporal coverage during storms is necessary for estuarine CO2 fluxes to be reliably assessed over annual or longer time scales.
Additional file 1 of Social determinants of mental health in Italy: the role of education in the comparison of migrant and Italian residents
Creators: name: Sesti, Flavia
name: Minardi, Valentina
name: Baglio, Giovanni
name: Bell, Ruth
name: Goldblatt, Peter
name: Marceca, Maurizio
name: Masocco, Maria
name: Campostrini, Stefano
name: Marmot, Michael
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Adjusted Prevalence ratio (AdjPR) and corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI) of symptoms of depression by sex, according to selected demographic and socioeconomic characteristics and macro areas of countries of origin for PFPM sample. PASSI 2014-2018 (n=144,005).
Higher-twist contributions to the transverse momentum broadening in semi-inclusive deep inelastic scattering off large nuclei
Creators: name: Zhang, Jia Jun
name: Gao, Jian-Hua
name: Wang, Xin-Nian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Multiple scattering leads to transverse momentum broadening of the struck quark in semi-inclusive deeply inelastic scatterings (SIDIS). Nuclear broadening of the transverse momentum squared at the leading twist is determined by the twist-four collinear quark-gluon correlation function of the target nucleus that is in turn related to the jet transport parameter inside the nuclear medium. The twist-six contributions to the transverse momentum broadening are calculated as power corrections $\sim 1/Q^2$. Such power corrections are found to have no extra nuclear enhancement beyond the twist-four matrix elements and are determined by the nuclear modification of collinear parton distribution and correlation functions. They become important for an accurate extraction of the jet transport parameter inside large nuclei and its scale evolution at intermediate values of the hard scale $Q^2$.
description: 11 pages in RevTeX, 1 figure
Kite $n$-Perfect Pseudo Effect Algebras
Creators: name: Botur, Michal
name: Dvurečenskij, Anatolij
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 03G12, 81P15

description: Kite pseudo effect algebras were recently introduced as a class of interesting examples of pseudo effect algebras using a po-group, an index set and two bijections on the index set. We represent kite pseudo effect algebras with a special kind of the Riesz decomposition property as an interval in a lexicographic extension of the po-group which solves an open problem on representation of kites. In addition, we introduce kite $n$-perfect pseudo effect algebras and we characterize subdirectly irreducible algebras which are building stones of the theory.
description: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1306.0304, arXiv:1403.2289
The impact of flooding on aquatic ecosystem services
Creators: name: Bennett, E.M.
name: Minor, E.C.
name: Paerl, H.
name: Raymond, P.A.
name: Cassell, K.
name: Wollheim, W.
name: Xenopoulos, M.A.
name: Hanes, D.M.
name: Vargas, R.
name: Vidon, P.G.
name: Talbot, C.J.
Publisher: name: Springer International Publishing
Year: 2018

description: Flooding is a major disturbance that impacts aquatic ecosystems and the ecosystem services that they provide. Predicted increases in global flood risk due to land use change and water cycle intensification will likely only increase the frequency and severity of these impacts. Extreme flooding events can cause loss of life and significant destruction to property and infrastructure, effects that are easily recognized and frequently reported in the media. However, flooding also has many other effects on people through freshwater aquatic ecosystem services, which often go unrecognized because they are less evident and can be difficult to evaluate. Here, we identify the effects that small magnitude frequently occurring floods (< 10-year recurrence interval) and extreme floods (> 100-year recurrence interval) have on ten aquatic ecosystem services through a systematic literature review. We focused on ecosystem services considered by the Millennium Ecosystem Assessment including: (1) supporting services (primary production, soil formation), (2) regulating services (water regulation, water quality, disease regulation, climate regulation), (3) provisioning services (drinking water, food supply), and (4) cultural services (aesthetic value, recreation and tourism). The literature search resulted in 117 studies and each of the ten ecosystem services was represented by an average of 12 ± 4 studies. Extreme floods resulted in losses in almost every ecosystem service considered in this study. However, small floods had neutral or positive effects on half of the ecosystem services we considered. For example, small floods led to increases in primary production, water regulation, and recreation and tourism. Decision-making that preserves small floods while reducing the impacts of extreme floods can increase ecosystem service provision and minimize losses.
Two decades of tropical cyclone impacts on North Carolina’s estuarine carbon, nutrient and phytoplankton dynamics: implications for biogeochemical cycling and water quality in a stormier world
Creators: name: Hall, N.S.
name: Osburn, C.L.
name: Crosswell, J.R.
name: Rossignol, K.L.
name: Paerl, H.W.
name: Harding, L.W., Jr.
name: Sloup, R.S.
name: Van Dam, B.
name: Hounshell, A.G.
Publisher: name: Springer International Publishing
Year: 2018

description: Coastal North Carolina (USA) has experienced 35 tropical cyclones over the past 2 decades; the frequency of these events is expected to continue in the foreseeable future. Individual storms had unique and, at times, significant hydrologic, nutrient-, and carbon (C)-loading impacts on biogeochemical cycling and phytoplankton responses in a large estuarine complex, the Pamlico Sound (PS) and Neuse River Estuary (NRE). Major storms caused up to a doubling of annual nitrogen and tripling of phosphorus loading compared to non-storm years; magnitudes of loading depended on storm tracks, forward speed, and precipitation in NRE-PS watersheds. With regard to C cycling, NRE-PS was a sink for atmospheric CO2 during dry, storm-free years and a significant source of CO2 in years with at least one storm, although responses were storm-specific. Hurricane Irene (2011) mobilized large amounts of previously-accumulated terrigenous C in the watershed, mainly as dissolved organic carbon, and extreme winds rapidly released CO2 to the atmosphere. Historic flooding after Hurricanes Joaquin (2015) and Matthew (2016) provided large inputs of C from the watershed, modifying the annual C balance of NRE-PS and leading to sustained CO2 efflux for months. Storm type affected biogeochemical responses as C-enriched floodwaters enhanced air–water CO2 exchange during ‘wet’ storms, while CO2 fluxes during ‘windy’ storms were largely supported by previously-accumulated C. Nutrient loading and flushing jointly influenced spatio-temporal patterns of phytoplankton biomass and composition. These findings suggest the importance of incorporating freshwater discharge and C dynamics in nutrient management strategies for coastal ecosystems likely to experience a stormier future.
Elégie pour pianoforte
Creators: name: Munzinger, Eduard
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1890

description: Edouard Munzinger
description: Autogramm
description: Datiert: 20 oct. 1890
description: Widmung: A Gottfried Keller
description: Öffentliche Bibliothek der Universität Basel
description: Verzeichnung=Description=Inventaire 2009 Übernahme Rekatalogis. AK UB durch Medea 2002-2005
A direct imaging search for close stellar and sub-stellar companions to young nearby stars
Creators: name: Vogt, Nikolaus
name: Mugrauer, Markus
name: Neuhäuser, Ralph
name: Schmidt, Tobias O. B.
name: Contreras-Quijada, Alexander
name: Schmidt, János G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A total of 28 young nearby stars (ages $\leq 60$,Myr) have been observed in the K$_{\rm s}$-band with the adaptive optics imager Naos-Conica of the Very Large Telescope at the Paranal Observatory in Chile. Among the targets are ten visual binaries and one triple system at distances between 10 and 130 pc, all previously known. During a first observing epoch a total of 20 faint stellar or sub-stellar companion-candidates were detected around seven of the targets. These fields, as well as most of the stellar binaries, were re-observed with the same instrument during a second epoch, about one year later. We present the astrometric observations of all binaries. Their analysis revealed that all stellar binaries are co-moving. In two cases (HD 119022 AB and FG Aqr B/C) indications for significant orbital motions were found. However, all sub-stellar companion-candidates turned out to be non-moving background objects except PZ Tel which is part of this project but whose results were published elsewhere. Detection limits were determined for all targets, and limiting masses were derived adopting three different age values; they turn out to be less than 10 Jupiter masses in most cases, well below the brown dwarf mass range. The fraction of stellar multiplicity and of the sub-stellar companion occurrence in the star forming regions in Chamaeleon are compared to the statistics of our search, and possible reasons for the observed differences are discussed.
description: 21 pages, 3 figures, and 6 tables. Accepted to AN, October 2014
Universal Machine Learning for the Response of Atomistic Systems to External Fields
Creators: name: Zhang, Yaolong
name: Jiang, Bin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Machine learned interatomic interaction potentials have enabled efficient and accurate molecular simulations of closed systems. However, external fields, which can greatly change the chemical structure and/or reactivity, have been seldom included in current machine learning models. This work proposes a universal field-induced recursively embedded atom neural network (FIREANN) model, which integrates a pseudo field vector-dependent feature into atomic descriptors to represent system-field interactions with rigorous rotational equivariance. This "all-in-one" approach correlates various response properties like dipole moment and polarizability with the field-dependent potential energy in a single model, very suitable for spectroscopic and dynamics simulations in molecular and periodic systems in the presence of electric fields. Especially for periodic systems, we find that FIREANN can overcome the intrinsic multiple-value issue of the polarization by training atomic forces only. These results validate the universality and capability of the FIREANN method for efficient first-principles modeling of complicated systems in strong external fields.
description: 9 figures
Distribution and dynamics of decimeter-sized dust agglomerates in the coma of 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko
Creators: name: Lemos, P.
name: Agarwal, J.
name: Schröter, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a method to analyze images of the coma of 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko obtained using OSIRIS, the main imaging system onboard \textit{Rosetta}, where dust aggregates can be seen as bright tracks because of their relative velocity with respect to the spacecraft. We applied this method to 105 images taken in 2015 July, 2015 December and 2016 January, identifying more than 20000 individual objects. We performed a photometric analysis of them, finding their phase function. This phase function follows the same trend as the one found for the nucleus, consistent with the detected particles having a size larger than $\sim 1$ mm. Additionally, the phase function becomes shallower for increasing heliocentric distances, indicating a decrease in the mean agglomerate size. In order to characterize the agglomerates observed in the image, we developed a simplified model for their ejection and dynamics in the coma, and generated synthetic images based on it. We solved the inverse problem by finding the simulation parameters that give the best fit between synthetic and real images. In doing so, we were able to obtain a mean agglomerate size $\sim$ dm and initial speed $\simeq$ 1 m s$^{-1}$. Both show a decrease with increasing heliocentric distance, sign of the reduction in activity. Also, the sizes obtained by the comparison are not compatible with ejection caused by water activity, so other sources have to be invoked, mainly CO$_2$.
description: 12 pages, 13 figures. Accepted for publication in MNRAS
xSDK Community Package Policies 1.0.0
Creators: name: Developers, xSDK
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Software engineering not elsewhere classified

description: We are working toward the development of an Extreme-scale Scientific Software Development Kit (xSDK)---a collection of highly efficient independently developed mathematical libraries. Our package manager is Spack. This document provides a revised version of the xSDK community policies that are mandatory or recommended for xSDK member packages.
Optical fingerprints of the electronic band reconstruction in van der Waals magnetic materials
Creators: name: Corasaniti, M.
name: Yang, R.
name: Liu, Y.
name: Petrovic, C.
name: Degiorgi, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report a broadband study of the charge dynamics in the van der Waals (vdW) magnetic materials 2H-$M_x$TaS$_2$ ($M$ = Mn and Co), which span the onset of both long-range antiferromagnetic (AFM) and ferromagnetic (FM) order, depending on the intercalation $M$ and its concentration $x$. We discover a spectral weight ($SW$) shift from high to low energy scales for FM compositions, while reversely $SW$ is removed from low towards high spectral energies for AFM compounds. This maps the related reconstruction of the electronic band structure along the crossover from the FM to AFM order, which restores an occupation balance in the density of states between spin majority and minority bands of the intercalated 3$d$ elements.
description: 5 pages, 2 Figures, Supplementary Material provided by the Journal
MELT: Mutual Enhancement of Long-Tailed User and Item for Sequential Recommendation
Creators: name: Kim, Kibum
name: Hyun, Dongmin
name: Yun, Sukwon
name: Park, Chanyoung
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The long-tailed problem is a long-standing challenge in Sequential Recommender Systems (SRS) in which the problem exists in terms of both users and items. While many existing studies address the long-tailed problem in SRS, they only focus on either the user or item perspective. However, we discover that the long-tailed user and item problems exist at the same time, and considering only either one of them leads to sub-optimal performance of the other one. In this paper, we propose a novel framework for SRS, called Mutual Enhancement of Long-Tailed user and item (MELT), that jointly alleviates the long-tailed problem in the perspectives of both users and items. MELT consists of bilateral branches each of which is responsible for long-tailed users and items, respectively, and the branches are trained to mutually enhance each other, which is trained effectively by a curriculum learning-based training. MELT is model-agnostic in that it can be seamlessly integrated with existing SRS models. Extensive experiments on eight datasets demonstrate the benefit of alleviating the long-tailed problems in terms of both users and items even without sacrificing the performance of head users and items, which has not been achieved by existing methods. To the best of our knowledge, MELT is the first work that jointly alleviates the long-tailed user and item problems in SRS.
description: 9 pages; Accepted by SIGIR 2023
Geschäftsberichte mit Briefen, Einladungen zu Verwaltungsrats-Sitzungen und Generalversammlungen, Jahresrechnungen, Präsenzlisten usw. aus dem internen Briefwechsel der Verwaltungsräte
Creators: name: Basler Bandfabrik vorm. Trüdinger & Cons
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1916

description: Enthält: In einen Band eingebundene Dokumente
description: Deutsch
description: Verzeichnung=Description=Inventaire 12.04.2023 Automatisierter Import Archivbestand
description: Verzeichnung=Description=Inventaire ISAD(G) / HAN Katalogisierungsregeln für Archivbestände Detailliert
Grain-scale thermoelastic stresses and spatiotemporal temperature gradients on airless bodies, implications for rock breakdown
Creators: name: Molaro, Jamie L.
name: Byrne, Shane
name: Langer, Steve A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Thermomechanical processes such as fatigue and shock have been suggested to cause and contribute to rock breakdown on Earth, and on other planetary bodies, particularly airless bodies in the inner solar system. In this study, we modeled grain-scale stresses induced by diurnal temperature variations on simple microstructures made of pyroxene and plagioclase on various solar system bodies. We found that a heterogeneous microstructure on the Moon experiences peak tensile stresses on the order of 100 MPa. The stresses induced are controlled by the coefficient of thermal expansion and Young's modulus of the mineral constituents, and the average stress within the microstructure is determined by relative volume of each mineral. Amplification of stresses occurs at surface-parallel boundaries between adjacent mineral grains and at the tips of pore spaces. We also found that microscopic spatial and temporal surface temperature gradients do not correlate with high stresses, making them inappropriate proxies for investigating microcrack propagation. Although these results provide very strong evidence for the significance of thermomechanical processes on airless bodies, more work is needed to quantify crack propagation and rock breakdown rates.
description: 34 pages, 12 figures
Many-Body Coherence in Quantum Transport
Creators: name: Hang, Ching-Chi
name: Hsu, Liang-Yan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this study, we propose the concept of harnessing quantum coherence to control electron transport in a many-body system. Combining an open quantum system technique based on Hubbard operators, we show that many-body coherence can eliminate the well-known Coulomb staircase and cause strong negative differential resistance. To explore the mechanism, we analytically derive the current-coherence relationship in the zero electron-phonon coupling limit. Furthermore, by incorporating a gate field, we demonstrate the possibility of constructing a coherence-controlled transistor. This development opens up a new direction for exploring quantum electronic devices based on many-body coherence.
description: 15 pages, 5 figures
Can Humans Really Discriminate 1 Trillion Odors?
Creators: name: Meister, Markus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 92C20

description: A recent paper in a prominent science magazine claims to show that humans can discriminate at least 1 trillion odors. The authors reached that conclusion after performing just 260 comparisons of two smells, of which about half could be discriminated. Furthermore the paper claims that the human ability to discriminate smells vastly exceeds our abilities to discriminate colors or musical tones. Here I show that all these statements are wrong by astronomical factors. A reanalysis of the authors' experiments shows they are also consistent with humans discriminating just 10 odors. The paper's extravagant claims are based on errors of mathematical logic. Further analysis highlights the importance of establishing how many dimensions the perceptual odor space has. I review some arguments on the topic and propose experimental avenues towards an answer.
description: 14 pages, 4 figures. Revised version has same technical content, more introduction for non-experts, more thoughts in the discussion
Additional file 1 of Blockage of VEGF function by bevacizumab alleviates early-stage cerebrovascular dysfunction and improves cognitive function in a mouse model of Alzheimer’s disease
Creators: name: Zhang, Min
name: Zhang, Zhan
name: Li, Honghong
name: Xia, Yuting
name: Xing, Mengdan
name: Xiao, Chuan
name: Cai, Wenbao
name: Bu, Lulu
name: Li, Yi
name: Park, Tae-Eun
name: Tang, Yamei
name: Ye, Xiaojing
name: Lin, Wei-Jye
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Mental Health

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Primer sequences used for RT-qPCR. Fig. S1. Effect of bevacizumab treatment on anxiety-like behavior of 5×FAD mice. Fig. S2. Bevacizumab treatment improves cerebrovascular responses to norepinephrine in both sexes of 5×FAD mice. Fig. S3. Unaltered density of cerebral blood vessels in bevacizumab-treated 5×FAD mice. Fig. S4. Blood pressure is unaffected in 5×FAD mice treated with bevacizumab. Fig. S5. Protein levels of VEGF in the hippocampus, cortex, and peripheral blood of 5×FAD mice. Fig. S6. Analysis of the transcriptomic profile reveals gene sets enriched in bevacizumab-treated 5×FAD mice.
The Unruh effect under the de Broglie-Bohm perspective
Creators: name: Paixão, Matheus M. A.
name: Galkina, Olesya
name: Pinto-Neto, Nelson
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the Minkowski ground state associated with a real massless scalar field as seen by an accelerated observer under the perspective of the de Broglie-Bohm quantum theory. We use the Schrödinger picture to obtain the wave functional associated with the Minkowski vacuum in Rindler coordinates, and we calculate the field trajectories through the Bohmian guidance equations. The Unruh temperature naturally emerges from the calculus of the average energy, but the Bohmian approach precisely distinguishes between its quantum and classical components, showing that they periodically interchange their roles as the dominant cause for the temperature effects, with abrupt jumps in the infrared regime. We also compute the power spectra, and we exhibit a very special Bohmian field configuration with remarkable physical properties.
description: 32 pages, 6 figures
Stimulation of Phytoplankton Production by Anthropogenic Dissolved Organic Nitrogen in a Coastal Plain Estuary
Creators: name: Peierls, B.L.
name: Osburn, C.L.
name: Paerl, H.W.
name: Hounshell, A.G.
Publisher: name: American Chemical Society
Year: 2017

description: There is increased focus on nitrogen (N)-containing dissolved organic matter (DOM) as a nutrient source supporting eutrophication in N-sensitive estuarine ecosystems. This is particularly relevant in watersheds undergoing urban and agricultural development, leading to increased dissolved organic N (DON) loading. To understand how this shift in N-loading influences estuarine phytoplankton production, nutrient addition bioassays were conducted in the N-limited Neuse River Estuary, North Carolina from 2014 to 2015. Additions included N-rich DOM sources characteristic of urban and agricultural development, including chicken and Turkey litter leachate, wastewater treatment facility effluent, and concentrated river DOM (used as a reference). Each DOM addition was coupled with an inorganic nutrient treatment to account for inorganic nutrient concentrations (NO2/3, NH4, PO4) in each respective DOM addition. Repeated measures analysis of variance (RM-ANOVA) showed that chicken litter leachate stimulated phytoplankton growth greater than its coupled inorganic nutrient treatment. Wastewater treatment facility effluent, Turkey litter leachate, and concentrated river DOM did not stimulate phytoplankton growth greater than their respective inorganic nutrient controls. DOM fluorescence (EEM-PARAFAC) indicated the chicken litter contained a biologically reactive fluorescent DOM component, identified as the nonhumic, biologically labile, "N-peak", which may be responsible for stimulating the observed phytoplankton growth in the chicken litter leachate treatments.
Flow of granular matter in a silo with multiple exit orifices: Jamming to mixing
Creators: name: Deshmukh, Sandesh
name: Kunte, Amit
name: Doshi, Pankaj
name: Orpe, Ashish V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the mixing characteristics of dry granular material while draining down a silo with multiple exit orifices. The mixing in the silo, which otherwise consists of noninteracting stagnant and flow regions, is observed to improve significantly when the flow through specific orifices is stopped intermittently. This momentary stoppage of flow through the orifice is either controlled manually or is chosen by the system itself when the orifice width is small enough to cause spontaneous jamming and unjamming. We observe that the overall mixing behavior shows a systematic dependence on the frequency of closing and opening of specific orifices. In particular, the silo configuration employing random jamming and unjamming of any of the orifices shows early evidence of chaotic mixing. When operated in a multipass mode, the system exhibits a practical and efficient way of mixing particles.
description: 7 pages, 6 figures
Additional file 1 of Nanotechnology for microglial targeting and inhibition of neuroinflammation underlying Alzheimer’s pathology
Creators: name: Gebril, Hoda M.
name: Aryasomayajula, Aravind
name: de Lima, Mariana Reis Nogueira
name: Uhrich, Kathryn E.
name: Moghe, Prabhas V.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Mental Health

description: Additional file 1. Figure S1. AM-NPs accelerate lysosomal clearance of fAβ.
Morphometric analyses of the visual pathways in macular degeneration
Creators: name: Hernowo, Aditya T.
name: Prins, Doety
name: Baseler, Heidi A.
name: Plank, Tina
name: Gouws, Andre
name: Hooymans, Johanna M. M.
name: Morland, Antony B.
name: Greenlee, Mark W.
name: Cornelissen, Frans W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Tissues and Organs (q-bio.TO)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Introduction. Macular degeneration (MD) causes central visual field loss. When field defects occur in both eyes and overlap, parts of the visual pathways are no longer stimulated. Previous reports have shown that this affects the grey matter of the primary visual cortex, but possible effects on the preceding visual pathway structures have not been fully established. Method. In this multicentre study, we used high-resolution anatomical magnetic resonance imaging and voxel-based morphometry to investigate the visual pathway structures up to the primary visual cortex of patients with age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and juvenile macular degeneration (JMD). Results. Compared to age-matched healthy controls, in patients with JMD we found volumetric reductions in the optic nerves, the chiasm, the lateral geniculate bodies, the optic radiations and the visual cortex. In patients with AMD we found volumetric reductions in the lateral geniculate bodies, the optic radiations and the visual cortex. An unexpected finding was that AMD, but not JMD, was associated with a reduction in frontal white matter volume. Conclusion. MD is associated with degeneration of structures along the visual pathways. A reduction in frontal white matter volume only present in the AMD patients may constitute a neural correlate of previously reported association between AMD and mild cognitive impairment. Keywords: macular degeneration - visual pathway - visual field - voxel-based morphometry
description: appears in Cortex (2013)