cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The Influence of Ovariohysterectomy and Bisphosphonate Treatment on the Fatigue Behaviour of Whole-Bone and Bone Tissue
Creators: name: Angulo Castro, Ana Gloria
Publisher: name: Schulich School of Engineering
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Bisphosphonates
subject: Atypical femoral fracture
subject: Osteoporosis
subject: Engineering--Biomedical

description: Bisphosphonates are the current front-line therapy for osteoporosis due to their effectiveness at increasing bone density and strength; nonetheless, their long-term use has been associated with rare cases of atypical femoral fracture (AFF). The mechanistic link between bisphosphonates and AFFs is unclear, but it has been hypothesized that the potent antiresorptive mechanism of bisphosphonates impairs fatigue resistance through alterations to bone material properties. The purpose of this thesis was to quantify the influence of high-dose bisphosphonate therapy on the mechanical fatigue properties of bone at different length scales using an ovariohysterectomized (OVH) and a gonad-intact (GDI) rabbit model. A total of 12 OVH and 12 GDI New Zealand White rabbits were treated for six months via subcutaneous injection with 1 ml/kg vehicle saline (VEH) or 0.15 mg/kg alendronate (ALN). Bone mineral density (BMD) and bone mineral content (BMC) were assessed longitudinally via dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA). After treatment, mechanical testing was used to determine the fatigue life of cortical bone tissue and whole-bone from lower limbs as well as the ultimate strength in lumbar vertebrae. High-resolution imaging and density measurements were performed to evaluate bone composition and microarchitecture, while finite element models were generated to predict whole-bone strain. No differences between treatment groups were observed in microarchitecture, density measurements, strain distributions or fatigue life of bone tissue and whole-bone. Differences between VEH and ALN in the vertebrae of GDI rabbits were not significant but the ALN group in OVH rabbits demonstrated significantly higher vertebrae BMD (p < 0.001), BMC (p = 0.005), and ultimate strength (p = 0.012) in addition to greater total BMD in both the femur (p = 0.002) and the tibia (p = 0.003). To summarize, this study found no detrimental effects of bisphosphonate treatment that could explain the relationship between AFFs and bisphosphonates, but extended treatment durations may be warranted.
Schmidt modes generated in parametric downconversion
Creators: name: Miatto, Filippo M.
name: Pires, Henrique Di Lorenzo
name: Barnett, Stephen M.
name: van Exter, Martin P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper presents the general Schmidt decomposition of two-photon fields generated in spontaneous parametric down-conversion (SPDC). It discusses in particular the separation of the radial and azimuthal degrees of freedom, the role of projection in modal analysis, and the benefits of collinear phase mismatch. The paper is written in a review style and presents a wealth of numerical results. It aims at emphasising the physics beyond the mathematics, through discussions and graphical representations of key results.
description: 11 pages, 13 figures
Comparative Analysis of Employee Sensemaking across business units in a large organization: Implications for Organisational Sensegiving
Creators: name: Soomar, Zaheera
Publisher: name: Haskayne School of Business
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: sensemaking
subject: sensegiving
subject: sensemaker
subject: remote work
subject: virtual work
subject: organizational change
subject: sensegiver
subject: Sociology--Organizational
subject: Business Administration--Management

description: The aim of this study is twofold: a) to compare employee sensemaking across corporate and operational business units within a large organization; and b) to examine the sensegiving role of the organization. The research is situated in the context of the transition to remote work prompted by the COVID-19 pandemic. It seeks to investigate how employees in different business units, specifically corporate and operational, have navigated the shift to remote work amidst the pandemic and the associated nuances and considerations. Previous studies on remote work have predominantly focused on scenarios where only a fraction of the workforce operated remotely or with flexible arrangements, typically on an infrequent or part-time basis. The evolution of research on sensemaking has progressed from a solely retrospective process to one that incorporates prospective elements, as well as recognizing the organization's role as a sensegiver. However, there exists a dearth of literature exploring how the sensemaking process varies across distinct business units within an organization, how organizations effectively manage this variance, and what considerations are imperative as they undertake the role of sensegiver. Given the significance of identity within the sensemaking process (Weick et al., 2005), it is essential to explore the potential disparities in how employees across various functional roles within a business engage in sensemaking, as well as the considerations organizations must bear in mind as they fulfill the role of sensegiver. The context of the pandemic presents an unprecedented opportunity to examine sensemaking due to its magnitude, intricacy, and volatile nature. This research endeavors to contribute to the existing literature on remote work, sensemaking, sensegiving within organizational settings, and managerial practices pertinent to sensegiving in the workplace.
Planar sheets meet negative curvature liquid interfaces
Creators: name: Yao, Zhenwei
name: Bowick, Mark
name: Ma, Xu
name: Sknepnek, Rastko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: If an inextensible thin sheet is adhered to a substrate with a negative Gaussian curvature it will experience stress due to geometric frustration. We analyze the consequences of such geometric frustration using analytic arguments and numerical simulations. Both concentric wrinkles and eye-like folds are shown to be compatible with negative curvatures. Which pattern will be realized depends on the curvature of the substrate. We discuss both types of folding patterns and determine the phase diagram governing their appearance.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
Herschel/PACS spectroscopy of NGC 4418 and Arp 220: H2O, H2^{18}O, OH, ^{18}OH, O I, HCN and NH3
Creators: name: González-Alfonso, E.
name: Fischer, J.
name: Graciá-Carpio, J.
name: Sturm, E.
name: Hailey-Dunsheath, S.
name: Lutz, D.
name: Poglitsch, A.
name: Contursi, A.
name: Feuchtgruber, H.
name: Veilleux, S.
name: Spoon, H. W. W.
name: Verma, A.
name: Christopher, N.
name: Davies, R.
name: Sternberg, A.
name: Genzel, R.
name: Tacconi, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Herschel/PACS spectroscopy of the luminous infrared galaxies NGC4418 and Arp220 reveals high excitation in H2O, OH, HCN, and NH3. In NGC4418, absorption lines were detected with E_low>800 K (H2O), 600 K (OH), 1075 K (HCN), and 600 K (NH3), while in Arp220 the excitation is somewhat lower. While outflow signatures in moderate excitation lines are seen in Arp220 as reported in previous studies, in NGC4418 the lines tracing its outer regions are redshifted relative to the nucleus, suggesting an inflow with Mdot~100 K) nuclear continuum components, together with a more extended component that is much more prominent and massive in Arp220. A chemical dichotomy is found in both sources: on the one hand, the nuclear regions have high H2O abundances, ~10^{-5}, and high HCN/H2O and HCN/NH3 column density ratios of 0.1-0.4 and 2-5, respectively, indicating a chemistry typical of evolved hot cores where grain mantle evaporation has occurred. On the other hand, the high OH abundance, with OH/H2O ratios of ~0.5, indicates the effects of X-rays and/or cosmic rays. The nuclear media have surface brightnesses >~10^{13} Lsun/kpc^2 and are estimated to be thick (N_H>~10^{25} cm^{-2}). While NGC4418 shows weak absorption in H2^{18}O and ^{18}OH, with a ^{16}O-to-^{18}O ratio of >~250-500, the strong absorption of the rare isotopologues in Arp220 indicates ^{16}O-to-^{18}O of 70-130. Further away from the nuclear regions, the H2O abundance decreases to
description: 31 pages, 20 figures. Accepted for publication in Astronomy and Astrophysics
Spontaneous B-L Breaking as the Origin of the Hot Early Universe
Creators: name: Buchmüller, Wilfried
name: Domcke, Valerie
name: Schmitz, Kai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The decay of a false vacuum of unbroken B-L symmetry is an intriguing and testable mechanism to generate the initial conditions of the hot early universe. If B-L is broken at the grand unification scale, the false vacuum phase yields hybrid inflation, ending in tachyonic preheating. The dynamics of the B-L breaking Higgs field and thermal processes produce an abundance of heavy neutrinos whose decays generate entropy, baryon asymmetry and gravitino dark matter. We study the phase transition for the full supersymmetric Abelian Higgs model. For the subsequent reheating process we give a detailed time-resolved description of all particle abundances. The competition of cosmic expansion and entropy production leads to an intermediate period of constant 'reheating' temperature, during which baryon asymmetry and dark matter are produced. Consistency of hybrid inflation, leptogenesis and gravitino dark matter implies relations between neutrino parameters and superparticle masses. In particular, for a gluino mass of 1 TeV, we find a lower bound on the gravitino mass of 10 GeV.
description: 64 pages, 8 figures, 1 table. v2: minor numerical corrections, slightly different parameter point chosen in section 4, final results unchanged
Bayesian inference of the resonance content of p(gamma,K^+)Lambda
Creators: name: De Cruz, Lesley
name: Vrancx, Tom
name: Vancraeyveld, Pieter
name: Ryckebusch, Jan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A Bayesian analysis of the world's p(gamma,K^+)Lambda data is presented. From the proposed selection of 11 resonances, we find that the following nucleon resonances have the highest probability of contributing to the reaction: S11(1535), S11(1650), F15(1680), P13(1720), D13(1900), P13(1900), P11(1900), and F15(2000). We adopt a Regge-plus-resonance framework featuring consistent couplings for nucleon resonances up to spin J=5/2. We evaluate all possible combinations of 11 candidate resonances. The best model is selected from the 2048 model variants by calculating the Bayesian evidence values against the world's p(gamma,K^+)Lambda data.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures
Protocol for a scoping review on agricultural digital technologies in Canada used for crops.
Creators: name: Sanguinetti, V. Margarita
name: Ishaque, Hanan
name: Nelson, Francine
name: Ganshorn, Heather
name: Lhermie, Guillaume
Publisher: name: Veterinary Medicine
Year: 2024
Subjects: precision agriculture
smart agriculture
sensors
airborne devices
satellites
machine learning

description: Protocol for a scoping review on digital technologies in crops in Canada.
description: Agriculture is undergoing a digital transformation, driven by technologies aimed at improving efficiency, productivity, and sustainability. In Canada, the sector is embracing digital solutions to enhance crop production while meeting increasing food demand and consumer preferences for transparency. Digital technologies, including precision agriculture (PA) and data analysis tools are revolutionizing agriculture by integrating on-farm data collection, analysis, and interpretation. They enable informed decision-making tailored to diverse field needs and optimize soil and crop management practices This study conducts a scoping review of Canadian research on digital technologies in crop production, aiming to understand current trends, identify emerging technologies, and address research gaps. It highlights successes, challenges, and areas needing attention, emphasizing the importance of responsible deployment considering issues such as data governance, privacy, and security. This review aims to inform future policy environment for the widespread adoption of digital technologies in Canadian agriculture
Dis-Connected: Young Adults’ Experience of Growing Up With a Canadian Service Member Parent With an Operational Stress Injury
Creators: name: Iverson, Heather
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: military-connected children
subject: operational stress injury
subject: posttraumatic stress disorder
subject: interpretative phenomenological analysis
subject: Educational Psychology

description: Military-connected families in Canada have expressed concerns regarding the impact of having a parent with an operational stress injury (OSI), such as posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), on their children’s well-being. A recent trend in research has been focused on examining the impacts of parents’ PTSD on the mental health of military-connected children (MCC). However, there remains a paucity of studies that capture the perspective of the MCC themselves, particularly within a Canadian context. This study aimed to explore how young adult children of Canadian Armed Forces (CAF) veteran service members make sense of their experience of growing up with a parent with an OSI. Individual, semi-structured interviews were conducted with five young adults aged 19 to 23 years, and the transcripts were analyzed using interpretive phenomenological analysis (IPA). From this analysis, five Group Experiential Themes (GETs) emerged: (a) In a Way, I Lost My Dad, (b) Turbulent Waters at Home, (c) Don’t Rock the Boat, (d) In the Dark, and (e) Duty to Care. The participants’ accounts shed light on the complexity of dealing with a father who was present juxtaposed with a father who was absent. Participants’ narratives depicted tumultuous home environments where maintaining family harmony was a honed skill. Moreover, the pervasive uncertainty surrounding their father’s OSI during their upbringing called for participant resilience and resourcefulness in coping with a situation marked by limited information and communication. Furthermore, amidst the confusion and destabilizing circumstances, participants remained steadfast in their commitment to their families. These findings are discussed in the context of relevant literature. The strengths and limitations of the study are considered and implications for practice and research are presented.
Evaluating the Quality of ELA Performance Assessments for Developing Students’ Academic Language Proficiency
Creators: name: Abidi, Ali Ahmad
Publisher: name: Werklund School of Education
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Authentic Assessment
subject: Authentic Intellectual Quality
subject: Performance Assessment
subject: ELA
subject: Canada
subject: Learning Outcomes Alignment
subject: Evaluation Study
subject: Professional Learning
subject: Academic Language Proficiency
subject: Education--Tests and Measurements
subject: Education--Teacher Training

description: According to Wiggins (1989), authentic assessment can help foster students’ deep understanding, higher-order thinking, and complex problem solving through the performance of exemplary tasks. In academic language, authentic assessment consisting of rich and open-ended tasks is deemed to provide students with the opportunity to apply their language skills in real-world contexts. In the context of English language teaching and learning, it is important to ensure that performance assessments replicate the real-world challenges and performance standards as outlined in the intended curriculum to promote students’ learning and mastery of academic language. The authenticity of performance assessments can be determined by well-established criteria. This quantitative study investigated the quality of English Language Arts (ELA) performance assessments, assembled by an external assessment agency to develop elementary (Grades 1–6) students’ academic language proficiency (ALP) with a particular focus on: the authentic intellectual quality of the performance assessments and the alignment between the performance assessments and the learning outcomes as stipulated in the ELA programs of study (i.e., the ELA curriculum). My quantitative analyses included descriptive statistics of 27 ELA performance assessments assembled by an external assessment agency in the Canadian province. The quality of the performance assessments was analyzed using the Koh Authentic Intellectual Quality (AIQ) criteria (2011a). The criteria provided a basis to determine the authenticity and intellectual demands of the ELA performance assessments for engaging student learning and development of ALP. Results indicated that although there was a close alignment between the performance assessments and the intended curriculum in most grade levels, the AIQ of all performance assessments was low. These findings underscore the importance of designing high quality ELA performance assessments for elementary ELA students. High quality performance assessments should place greater emphasis on the intellectual or cognitive demands of the tasks in addition to the authenticity of the tasks. Recommendations are offered on future lines of research that would pave way for a better understanding of the design and use of ELA performance assessments that promote elementary school students’ ALP.
Additional file 2 of Effects of a three-armed randomised controlled trial using self-monitoring of daily steps with and without counselling in prediabetes and type 2 diabetes—the Sophia Step Study
Creators: name: Rossen, Jenny
name: Larsson, Kristina
name: Hagströmer, Maria
name: Yngve, Agneta
name: Brismar, Kerstin
name: Ainsworth, Barbara
name: Åberg, Linda
name: Johansson, Unn-Britt
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 2: Table. Description per diagnose (prediabetes and type 2 diabetes).
Correlation between Peak Energy and Peak Luminosity in Short Gamma-Ray Bursts
Creators: name: Zhang, Z. B.
name: Chen, D. Y.
name: Huang, Y. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A correlation between the peak luminosity and the peak energy has been found by Yonetoku et al. as $L_{p}\propto E_{p,i}^{2.0}$ for 11 pre-Swift long gamma-ray bursts. In this study, for a greatly expanded sample of 148 long gamma-ray bursts in the Swift era, we find that the correlation still exists, but most likely with a slightly different power-law index, i.e., $L_{p}\propto E_{p,i} ^{1.7}$. In addition, we have collected 17 short gamma-ray bursts with necessary data. It is found that the correlation of $L_{p}\propto E_{p,i} ^{1.7}$ also exists for this sample of short events. It is argued that the radiation mechanism of both long and short gamma-ray bursts should be similar, i.e., of quasi-thermal origin caused by the photosphere and the dissipation occurring very near the central engine. Some key parameters of the process are constrained. Our results suggest that the radiation process of both long and short bursts may be dominated by thermal emission, rather than the single synchrotron radiation. This might put strong physical constraints on the theoretical models.
description: 22 pages, 5 figures and 1 table, Accepted for publication in ApJ
Cohomology of $\mathfrak {osp}(2|2)$ acting on the spaces of linear differential operators on the superspace $\mathbb{R}^{1|2}$
Creators: name: Fraj, Nizar Ben
name: Boujelben, Maha
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We compute the first differential cohomology of the orthosymplectic Lie superalgebra $\mathfrak{osp}(2|2)$ with coefficients in the superspace of linear differential operators acting on the space of weighted densities on the (1,\,2)-dimensional real superspace. We also compute the same, but $\mathfrak{osp}(1|2)$-relative, cohomology. We explicitly give 1-cocycles spanning these cohomology. This work is a simplest generalization of a result by Basdouri and Ben Ammar [Cohomology of $\frak {osp}(1|2)$ with coefficients in $\frak{D}_{λ,μ}$.
Quadratic Encoding Displayed by Primary Auditory Cortical Neurons
Creators: name: Ibarra Molinas, Josué Simón
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Computational neuroscience
subject: Auditory neuroscience
subject: Primary auditory cortex
subject: Auditory tuning curves
subject: Frequency response area
subject: Data-driven modelling
subject: Biologically plausible
subject: Bioinformatics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Biophysics
subject: Computer Science
subject: Physics
subject: Neuroscience

description: Hearing is a key function to perceive and interact with the environment. For humans, audition is also of particular relevance because of its role in many functions including not only the perception of speech and music, but their production as well. While we have knowledge about the structure and organization of the auditory system, the computations these substructures perform remain to be properly understood. A description of a neuron's activity in response to sound that is common in auditory research is the so-called frequency response area (FRA) of the neuron, which measures neuronal response as a function of the frequency and intensity of evoking acoustic stimuli. However, these FRAs have not yet been modelled computationally. In this thesis, based on experimental recordings of neurons located in the primary auditory cortices (A1s) of mice, we develop a data-driven model of auditory computation that seeks to reproduce the observed FRAs of the neurons, as well as offer a possible mechanism behind the generation of the particular underlying geometry of the FRAs. Our novel, biologically-plausible model posits that auditory neurons encode sound as quadratic forms on the frequency and intensity of sound, which A1 neurons integrate. Specifically, we utilized spiking neurons and advanced optimization and validation techniques to simulate synthetic leaky integrate-and-fire neurons that reproduce the FRAs of recorded neurons. Further, utilizing a network modelling technique known as the neural engineering framework, we show that these FRAs could be produced by a single-layer neural network. We also argue that it is not possible to reproduce the nonlinearities observed in the FRAs with a linear encoding, regardless of the nonlinearity of the A1 neuronal integration. Our work here might inform future modelling, simulations and algorithms of sound processing, as well as eventual human research on auditory encoding mechanisms.
The influence of transition metal solutes on dislocation core structure and values of Peierls stress and barrier in tungsten
Creators: name: Samolyuk, G. D.
name: Osetsky, Y. N.
name: Stoller, R. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Several transition metals were examined to evaluate their potential for improving the ductility of tungsten. The dislocation core structure and Peierls stress and barrier of $1/2<111>$ screw dislocations in binary tungsten-transition metal alloys (W$_{1-x}$TM$_{x}$) were investigated using first principles electronic structure calculations. The periodic quadrupole approach was applied to model the structure of $1/2<111>$ dislocation. Alloying with transition metals was modeled using the virtual crystal approximation and the applicability of this approach was assessed by calculating the equilibrium lattice parameter and elastic constants of the tungsten alloys. Reasonable agreement was obtained with experimental data and with results obtained from the conventional supercell approach. Increasing the concentration of a transition metal from the VIIIA group, i.e. the elements in columns headed by Fe, Co and Ni, leads to reduction of the $C^\prime$ elastic constant and increase of elastic anisotropy A=$C_{44}/C^\prime$. Alloying W with a group VIIIA transition metal changes the structure of the dislocation core from symmetric to asymmetric, similar to results obtained for W$_{1-x}$Re$_{x}$ alloys in the earlier work of Romaner {\it et al} (Phys. Rev. Lett. 104, 195503 (2010))\comments{\cite{WRECORE}}. In addition to a change in the core symmetry, the values of the Peierls stress and barrier are reduced. The latter effect could lead to increased ductility in a tungsten-based alloy\comments{\cite{WRECORE}}. Our results demonstrate that alloying with any of the transition metals from the VIIIA group should have similar effect as alloying with Re.
description: 12 pages, 8 figures, 3 tables
Carrier drift velocity and edge magnetoplasmons in graphene
Creators: name: Petkovic, I.
name: Williams, F. I. B.
name: Bennaceur, K.
name: Portier, F.
name: Roche, P.
name: Glattli, D. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate electron dynamics at the graphene edge by studying the propagation of collective edge magnetoplasmon (EMP) excitations. By timing the travel of narrow wave-packets on picosecond time scales around exfoliated samples, we find chiral propagation with low attenuation at a velocity which is quantized on Hall plateaus. We extract the carrier drift contribution from the EMP propagation and find it to be slightly less than the Fermi velocity, as expected for an abrupt edge. We also extract the characteristic length for Coulomb interaction at the edge and find it to be smaller than for soft, depletion edge systems.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures of main text and 6 pages, 6 figures of supplemental material
The light-by-light contribution to the muon (g-2) from lightest pseudoscalar and scalar mesons within nonlocal chiral quark model
Creators: name: Dorokhov, A. E.
name: Radzhabov, A. E.
name: Zhevlakov, A. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The light-by-light contribution from the lightest neutral pseudoscalar and scalar mesons to the anomalous magnetic moment of muon is calculated in the framework of the nonlocal SU(3)x SU(3) quark model. The model is based on chirally symmetric four-quark interaction of the Nambu-Jona-Lasinio type and Kobayashi-Maskawa-t`Hooft U_A(1) breaking six-quark interaction. Full kinematic dependence of vertices with off-shell mesons and photons in intermediate states in the light-by-light scattering amplitude is taken into account. The small positive contributions from the scalar mesons stabilize the total result with respect to change of model parameters and reduces to a_μ^{LbL,PS+S}=(6.25\pm 0.83)x10^{-10}.
description: 11 pages, 6 figures
MOESM5 of SINE Retrotransposon variation drives Ecotypic disparity in natural populations of Coilia nasus
Creators: name: Liu, Dong
name: Yang, Jinquan
name: Tang, Wenqiao
name: Zhang, Xing
name: Royster, Clay
name: Zhang, Ming
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Ecology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 5 Table S5. Genes annotated in SINE-hit contigs from the migratory type.
Multimodal fNIRS-EEG Neuroimaging To Monitor Mild Traumatic Brain Injury
Creators: name: Oni, Ibukunoluwa Kolawole
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Engineering--Biomedical

description: Mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) has become a major health issue in North America. Approximately 75% of the 1.5 million TBIs that are seen in emergency departments yearly in the US are categorized as mTBI1,2. mTBI results in a variety of symptoms that are difficult to assess and monitor in a hospital emergency department. A number of neuroimaging studies using different techniques have attempted unsuccessfully to identify a consensus on the best approach to diagnosis and monitoring of mTBI. Current neuroimaging methods, when used independently, have demonstrated changes in brain structure and function resulting from mTBI3,4, though findings are highly variable across studies. The complexity and heterogeneity of injury necessitate a combination of methods to better understand the impact of mTBI on the brain and to improve our ability to diagnose and assess recovery following mTBI. In this project, we developed methods to combine simultaneous recordings of functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) and electroencephalography (EEG) from mTBI patients. First, we investigated the reliability and reproducibility of the data output fro m both modalities in 15 healthy adults during a resting state task. We found moderate reliability and reproducibility in our fNIRS-EEG data. Next, we investigated the changes in the brain functional activity in 15 adults within 3 months of their mTBI. We compared the data from these patients to 30 normal controls. We investigated the effect of channel selection in fNIRS on the ability to identify groups based on either selecting an individual channel or averaging a group of channels, finding that individual channel selection fared better in identifying differences between groups. In the investigation of differences between the mTBI and controls, We found that task modulated the frequency power of the fNIRS but not the EEG data and that region of measurement influenced the differences between groups. In this thesis, methods were developed to allow for accurate data collection from fNIRS and EEG. These methods can be further expanded to the combination of other modalities in a simultaneous recording. Continued investigation into the combination of modalities will likely play a part in the improvement of recovery methods following an mTBI.
Exclusive diffractive production of real photons and vector mesons in a factorized Regge-pole model with non-linear Pomeron trajectory
Creators: name: Fazio, S.
name: Fiore, R.
name: Jenkovszky, L.
name: Lavorini, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Exclusive diffractive production of real photons and vector mesons in ep collisions has been studied at HERA in a wide kinematic range. Here we present and discuss a Regge-type model of real photon production (Deeply Virtual Compton Scattering), as well as production of vector mesons (VMP) treated on the same footing by using an extension of a factorized Regge-pole model proposed earlier. The model has been fitted to the HERA data. Despite the very small number of the free parameters, the model gives a satisfactory description of the experimental data, both for the total cross section as a function of the photon virtuality Q2 or the energy W in the center of mass of the gamma\star-p system, and the differential cross sections as a function of the squared four-momentum transfer t with fixed Q2 and W.
description: 34 pages, 82 figures accepted by Physical Review D
Investigating the Built Environment’s Influence on Child Active Transportation Injury and Prevalence
Creators: name: HubkaRao, Tate
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Injury prevention
subject: Built environment
subject: Active transportation
subject: Children
subject: Epidemiology

description: Background: Motor-vehicle collisions (MVCs) are a leading cause of Canadian child active transportation injuries. Specific built environment features may reduce child injury risk while increasing active transportation prevalence; however, few studies exist evaluating the effectiveness of these features specific to this age group. Further, it is important to understand how built environment features can influence community and school wide child active transportation injuries and prevalence. Methods: Using a modified stepped-wedge trial, Chapters 3 and 4 investigated the influence of installing specific built environment features on traffic speed and volume, active transportation prevalence, and caregiver perceptions of safety. Chapters 5 and 6 used machine learning recursive partitioning trees to predict the number of child active transportation related MVCs, and the proportion of elementary students using active transportation to school, based on the built environment within respective geographical areas. Results: Chapter 3 found traffic calming curbs and in-street signs were associated with a reduction in traffic speed, depending on time-period. No significant changes in traffic volume were found immediately following installation. In-street signs were associated with a reduction of active transportation prevalence in the morning, and an increase in the afternoon. Chapter 4 found traffic calming curb installation was associated with higher proportions of caregiver perceptions of safety. Some respondents showed higher proportions of reported children walking to school at intervention locations. Chapter 5 found built environment features such as signalized intersections were predictive of annual collisions. Chapter 6 showed population density to be important in predicting active transportation prevalence to school. Conclusions: Results of this thesis support calls for a systems approach to road safety. The variability in characteristics of the urban environment that are associated with child active transportation safety and prevalence suggests that no single intervention would be as effective as a more holistic and comprehensive approach. Specific features such as traffic calming curbs and in-street signs, coupled with reductions of major roadways and increases in population density, may, together, have a considerable and lasting effect on improving active transportation safety for Canadian children.
Chinese socialism : an iterative perspective of the legal framework of market economies of the People's Republic of China
Creators: name: Au, Matthew Kingcheong
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2012

description: This dissertation suggests that “socialism with Chinese characteristics” or “Chinese socialism” is an evolving and adaptable, rather than transitory and conflicting, ideology. I emphasize the iterative and evolutional characteristics of the ideology, which occurs not only between economic and legal institutions, but also between social and political ones. I also stress the effect of global institution in this iterative evolution. The iterative evolution denotes an interplay of ideological and practical aspects of Chinese socialism and represents a sequential institutional development of modern Chinese reforms. Among them, two institutional changes are noteworthy, namely property rights and market economy reforms. Using capital and land markets as examples, I show that ‘market’, as an institution that aims to delineate property rights, has flourished ongoing developments of property rights of capital and land markets, albeit in different manners respectively, in China. The case study of capital and land market demonstrates practical aspects of Chinese reforms including pragmatic, self-improvement, open, stability, and efficacy ideas. I further argue that property rights reform is an impetus to the rule of law, whereas efficacy and stability mandates are conducive to open, yet controlled, society. This dissertation is otherwise devoted to providing a normative view on the long run evolution of Chinese socialism. I conclude that while Chinese reform appears lacking in a grand design that can articulate all of its content at the outset, an open policy and the interplay of socialism and local practicality will in the long run evolve towards a rule of law based open and controlled society in the PRC. Further, as Chinese pragmatics, open culture, self improvement, stability, and efficacy are external mandates, which need be asserted by political leaders and policy makers of the PRC, political instability, ruling legitimacy, social instability, human right and civil liberty conflicts are all obstacles to the continuity and sustainability of the contemporary reforms. This dissertation suggests further study of the iterative process to address parallel developments of institutional reforms in political, social and legal areas.
Simulation of phase-controlled mode-beating lasers
Creators: name: Wünsche, Hans-Jürgen
name: Radziunas, Mindaugas
name: Bauer, Stefan
name: Brox, Olaf
name: Sartorius, Bernd
Publisher: name: Weierstrass Institute
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: semiconductor laser
subject: distributed feedback
subject: modelling
subject: self-pulsations
subject: high speed
subject: all optical signal processing
subject: 3R-regeneration
subject: 78-04
subject: 78A60
subject: 35-04
subject: 78-05
subject: 42.60.Mi
subject: 42.60.By
subject: 02.60.Cb

description: Self-pulsations in Phase Controlled Mode Beating lasers (PhaseCOMB) are very attractive for all-optical clock recovery at ultra-high bit rates. In this paper we apply the comprehensive simulation tool LDSL that has been developed by us for studying the self-pulsation features of PhaseCOMB lasers considering the effects of spontaneous emission noise, longitudinal spatial hole burning, and gain dispersion. In particular the importance of mode control for adjusting the PhaseCOMB operating conditions is pointed out. The simulation results are confirmed by measurements on fabricated devices.
Deformation of the Pacific Plate west of the Queen Charlotte Fault
Creators: name: Perrin, Robert
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Queen Charlotte Fault
subject: Heat flow
subject: Gravity
subject: Strike-slip fault
subject: stress perturbation
subject: Crustal deformation
subject: Geophysics
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Geology

description: The Queen Charlotte Fault (QCF) is a transform fault that stretches from Haida Gwaii to Icy Point, Alaska, and has been of particular interest since an earthquake in 2012 demonstrated its geohazard potential. Observations made along the margin since then have raised questions about how deformation is distributed around the fault. Firstly, plate motion along the QCF is aligned with the fault apart from its southern section, where there is slight convergence between the Pacific and North American plates. While some evidence suggests the convergence may be accommodated by thickening of the Pacific Plate, there are uncertainties about how this is distributed along the QCF. Secondly, along the southern QCF lies the Queen Charlotte Terrace and several oblique faults. These features extend approximately 30 km west of the fault and are thought to be part of the mechanism that accommodates transpression along the southern QCF. This raises questions about why they are limited to this distance, and what the zone of influence of the fault might be. Finally, deformation of the Pacific Plate is controlled by lithospheric strength, which is a function of both thickness and temperature. Thick sediments west of the QCF, should allow young crust to be warmer than areas that are lightly sedimented. The limited heat flow observations that exist along the QCF, however, show a heat flow deficit, suggesting the crust may be cooler than expected. This raises questions about the thermal state of the crust, and how that may impact crustal deformation. This study examines these observations using several existing geophysical datasets. This study shows that the crust appears to be thicker than typical oceanic crust along Haida Gwaii. I also show that the zone of influence of the QCF is related to the dominant geometrical wavelengths of the fault and is consistent with observed deformation. Finally, I examine the thermal state of the crust to show that crustal cooling by hydrothermal circulation is likely occurring. The conclusions from this study improve our understanding of deformation of the Pacific Plate and underscore the need for continued studies along the QCF.
Additional file 4 of Effects of a three-armed randomised controlled trial using self-monitoring of daily steps with and without counselling in prediabetes and type 2 diabetes—the Sophia Step Study
Creators: name: Rossen, Jenny
name: Larsson, Kristina
name: Hagströmer, Maria
name: Yngve, Agneta
name: Brismar, Kerstin
name: Ainsworth, Barbara
name: Åberg, Linda
name: Johansson, Unn-Britt
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 4: Figure. Mean change in HbA1c for each group over 24 months with confidence intervals included.
Mixed population of competing TASEPs with a shared reservoir of particles
Creators: name: Greulich, Philip
name: Ciandrini, Luca
name: Allen, Rosalind J.
name: Romano, M. Carmen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce a mean-field theoretical framework to describe multiple totally asymmetric simple exclusion processes (TASEPs) with different lattice lengths, entry and exit rates, competing for a finite reservoir of particles. We present relations for the partitioning of particles between the reservoir and the lattices: these relations allow us to show that competition for particles can have non-trivial effects on the phase behavior of individual lattices. For a system with non-identical lattices, we find that when a subset of lattices undergoes a phase transition from low to high density, the entire set of lattice currents becomes independent of total particle number. We generalize our approach to systems with a continuous distribution of lattice parameters, for which we demonstrate that measurements of the current carried by a single lattice type can be used to extract the entire distribution of lattice parameters. Our approach applies to populations of TASEPs with any distribution of lattice parameters, and could easily be extended beyond the mean-field case.
description: 12 pages, 8 figures
Superlight small bipolarons from realistic long-range Coulomb and Fröhlich interactions
Creators: name: Alexandrov, A. S.
name: Samson, J. H.
name: Sica, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report analytical and numerical results on the two-particle states of the polaronic t-Jp model derived recently with realistic Coulomb and electron-phonon (Frohlich) interactions in doped polar insulators. Eigenstates and eigenvalues are calculated for two different geometries. Our results show that the ground state is a bipolaronic singlet, made up of two polarons. The bipolaron size increases with increasing ratio of the polaron hopping integral t to the exchange interaction Jp but remains small compared to the system size in the whole range 0
description: Calculation section and discussion of gap have been updated. Revised calculations now enhance the predicted T_c in our model to over 200 K at large hopping
Additional file 3 of Effects of a three-armed randomised controlled trial using self-monitoring of daily steps with and without counselling in prediabetes and type 2 diabetes—the Sophia Step Study
Creators: name: Rossen, Jenny
name: Larsson, Kristina
name: Hagströmer, Maria
name: Yngve, Agneta
name: Brismar, Kerstin
name: Ainsworth, Barbara
name: Åberg, Linda
name: Johansson, Unn-Britt
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 3: Table. Description of changes in medications.
MOESM6 of SINE Retrotransposon variation drives Ecotypic disparity in natural populations of Coilia nasus
Creators: name: Liu, Dong
name: Yang, Jinquan
name: Tang, Wenqiao
name: Zhang, Xing
name: Royster, Clay
name: Zhang, Ming
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 6 Table S6. Genes annotated in SINE-hit contigs from the resident type.
Supersingular K3 surfaces for large primes
Creators: name: Maulik, Davesh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Given a K3 surface X over a field of characteristic p, Artin conjectured that if X is supersingular (meaning infinite height) then its Picard rank is 22. Along with work of Nygaard-Ogus, this conjecture implies the Tate conjecture for K3 surfaces over finite fields with p \geq 5. We prove Artin's conjecture under the additional assumption that X has a polarization of degree 2d with p > 2d+4. Assuming semistable reduction for surfaces in characteristic p, we can improve the main result to K3 surfaces which admit a polarization of degree prime-to-p when p \geq 5. The argument uses Borcherds' construction of automorphic forms on O(2,n) to construct ample divisors on the moduli space. We also establish finite-characteristic versions of the positivity of the Hodge bundle and the Kulikov-Pinkham-Persson classification of K3 degenerations. In the appendix by A. Snowden, a compatibility statement is proven between Clifford constructions and integral p-adic comparison functors.
description: Some minor edits made; German error fixed; comments still welcome
Calculating loops without loop calculations: NLO computation of pentaquark correlators
Creators: name: Groote, S.
name: Körner, J. G.
name: Pivovarov, A. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compute next-to-leading order (NLO) perturbative QCD corrections to the correlators of interpolating pentaquark currents. We employ modular techniques in configuration space which saves us from the onus of having to do loop calculations. The modular technique is explained in some detail. We present explicit NLO results for several interpolating pentaquark currents that have been written down in the literature. Our modular approach is easily adapted to the case of NLO corrections to multiquark correlators with an arbitrary number of quarks/antiquarks.
description: 23 pages, 1 figure, published version. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:hep-lat/0310014