cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Fungal growth response to recurring heating events is modulated by species interactions
Creators: name: Lammel, Daniel R.
name: Szymczak, Aleksandra
name: Bielčik, Miloš
name: Rillig, Matthias C.
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Fungi
subject: Temperature stress
subject: heating wave
subject: species interaction
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie

description: An increasing frequency of heat events can affect key organisms related to ecosystem functions. Soil saprobic fungi have important roles in carbon and nutrient cycling in soils, and they are clearly affected by heat events. When tested individually, saprobic soil fungi showed a variety of growth responses to a series of two heat events. However, in nature these fungi rarely grow alone. Coexistence theory predicts that diversity in the response to stressors can influence the outcome of species interactions and growth. This means that the co-cultivation of different fungi may affect their growth response to heat events. To test if recurring heat events affect fungal growth in small synthetic communities, we evaluated fungi previously known to respond to recurring heat events in experimental small communities composed of two and three species. For the fungi growing in pairs, surprisingly, most of the responses could not be predicted by how the isolates responded individually. In some cases, facilitation or increased competition were observed. For the three fungi growing together, results were also not predicted by the individual or pair responses. Both the heat events and the small communities influenced the growth of the fungi and growth properties emerged from the interactions among isolates and the heat stress. We show that not only do environmental conditions influence fungal interactions and growth rates, but also that the co-cultivation of different fungi affects fungal response to recurring heat events. These results indicate that more complex experimental designs are needed to better understand the effects of recurring heat events and climate change on soil fungi.
Molecular docking and structure based virtual screening studies of potential drug target, CAAX prenyl proteases, of Leishmania donovani
Creators: name: Singh, Shalini
name: Sitrarasu Vijaya Prabhu
name: Venkatesan Suryanarayanan
name: Bhardwaj, Ruchika
name: Singh, Sanjeev Kumar
name: Vikash Kumar Dubey
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Cancer
subject: Biological Sciences
subject: Chemistry
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Medicine
subject: Physics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Biophysics

description: Targeting CAAX prenyl proteases of Leishmania donovani can be a good approach towards developing a drug molecule against Leishmaniasis. We have modeled the structure of CAAX prenyl protease I and II of Leishmania donovani, by using homology modeling approach. The structures were further validated by using Ramachandran plot and ProSA. Active site prediction has shown difference in the amino acid residues present at the active site of CAAX prenyl protease I and CAAX prenyl protease II. The electrostatic potential surface of the CAAX prenyl protease I and II has revealed that CAAX prenyl protease I has more electropositive and electronegative potentials as compared CAAX prenyl protease II suggesting significant difference in their activity. Molecular docking with known bisubstrate analogue inhibitors of protein farnesyl transferase and peptidyl (acyloxy) methyl ketones reveals significant binding of these molecules with CAAX prenyl protease I but comparatively less binding with CAAX prenyl protease II. New and potent inhibitors were also found by using structure based virtual screening. The best docked compounds obtained from virtual screening were subjected to induced fit docking to get best docked configurations. Prediction of drug like characteristics has revealed that the best docked compounds are in line with Lipinski’s rule. Moreover, best docked protein-ligand complexes of CAAX prenyl protease I and II are found to be stable throughout 20 ns simulation. Overall, the study has identified potent drug molecules targeting CAAX prenyl protease I and II of Leishmania donovani whose drug candidature can be verified further by using biochemical and cellular studies.
Magnon-photon coupling in the noncollinear magnetic insulator Cu 2 OSeO 3
Creators: name: Abdurakhimov, L. V.
name: Khan, S.
name: Panjwani, N. A.
name: Breeze, J. D.
name: Mochizuki, M.
name: Seki, S.
name: Tokura, Y.
name: Morton, J. J. L.
name: Kurebayashi, H.
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: ferrimagnetism
subject: magnetic phase transitions
subject: magnons
subject: optical phenomena
subject: microwave phenomena
subject: spin texture
subject: spin waves
subject: magnetic insulators
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::530 Physik::530 Physik

description: Anticrossing behavior between magnons in the noncollinear chiral magnet Cu2OSeO3 and a two-mode X-band microwave resonator was studied in the temperature range 5–100 K. In the field-induced ferrimagnetic phase, we observed a strong-coupling regime between magnons and two microwave cavity modes with a cooperativity reaching 3600. In the conical phase, cavity modes are dispersively coupled to a fundamental helimagnon mode, and we demonstrate that the magnetic phase diagram of Cu2OSeO3 can be reconstructed from the measurements of the cavity resonance frequency. In the helical phase, a hybridized state of a higher-order helimagnon mode and a cavity mode—a helimagnon polariton—was found. Our results reveal a class of magnetic systems where strong coupling of microwave photons to nontrivial spin textures can be observed.
Additional file 1 of Synthesis of evidence on the use of ecological momentary assessments to monitor health outcomes after traumatic injury: rapid systematic review
Creators: name: Mitchell, Rebecca J.
name: Goggins, Rory
name: Lystad, Reidar P.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1.
The end of social Europe? Understanding EU social policy change
Creators: name: Graziano, Paolo
name: Hartlapp, Miriam
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: asymmetrical intergovernmentalism
subject: EU commission
subject: EU social policy
subject: European Council
subject: 300 Sozialwissenschaften::320 Politikwissenschaft::320 Politikwissenschaft

description: The financial and economic crisis has increased attention on EU social policy, yet little policy change has been realized. Drawing on Easton’s political system approach, we differentiate demand emanating from the difficult situation following the crisis and support in form of the 2004, 2009 and 2014 European elections. On the output side, we show how social policy has been substantially removed from the priorities of the EU political agenda already prior to the crisis. We argue that it is the contrast between crisis-generated demand and a more long-term lack of policy support that empowered actors interested in deepening economic integration and austerity policies. We present new empirical data that shows how partisan and governmental preferences are channelled through the EU institutions and how thus, changing ideological composition of the Commission as agenda-setter and an asymmetrical intergovenmentalist turn, have been a key driver for the substantial decline of EU social policy provision.
Additional file 10 of Evolution of breastfeeding indicators and early introduction of foods in Latin American and Caribbean countries in the decades of 1990, 2000 and 2010
Creators: name: Meira, Camila Abadia Rodrigues
name: Buccini, Gabriela
name: Azeredo, Catarina Machado
name: Conde, Wolney Lisbôa
name: Rinaldi, Ana Elisa Madalena
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 10: Figure S8. Prevalence of breastfeeding indicators for infants under six months of age from Bolivia by survey year and monthly age group. DHS, 1994–2008.
Excessive noise as a test for many-body localization
Creators: name: Tamir, I.
name: Levinson, T.
name: Gorniaczyk, F.
name: Doron, A.
name: Lieb, J.
name: Shahar, D.
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: many-body localization
subject: thin films
subject: dilution refrigerator
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::530 Physik::530 Physik

description: Recent experimental reports suggested the existence of a finite-temperature insulator in the vicinity of the superconductor-insulator transition. The rapid decay of conductivity over a narrow temperature range was theoretically linked to both a finite-temperature transition to a many-body-localized state, and to a charge-Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless transition. Here we report of low-frequency noise measurements of such insulators to test for many-body localization. We observed a huge enhancement of the low-temperatures noise when exceeding a threshold voltage for nonlinear conductivity and discuss our results in light of the theoretical models.
Impact of air humidity on the tenacity of different agents in bioaerosols
Creators: name: Siller, Paul
name: Skopeck, Britta
name: Rosen, Kerstin
name: Bartel, Alexander
name: Friese, Anika
name: Rösler, Uwe
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: air humidity
subject: impact
subject: bioaerosols
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::630 Landwirtschaft::630 Landwirtschaft und verwandte Bereiche

description: Despite the variety of pathogens that are transmitted via the airborne route, few data are available on factors that influence the tenacity of airborne pathogens. In order to better understand and thus control airborne infections, knowledge of these factors is important. In this study, three agents, S. aureus, G. stearothermophilus spores and the MS2 bacteriophage, were aerosolized at relative humidities (RH) varying between 30% and 70%. Air samples were then analyzed to determine the concentration of the agents. S. aureus was found to have significantly lower survival rate in the aerosol at RH above 60%. It showed the lowest recovery rates of the three agents, ranging from 0.13% at approximately 70% RH to 4.39% at 30% RH. G. stearothermophilus spores showed the highest tenacity with recovery rates ranging from 41.85% to 61.73% with little effect of RH. For the MS2 bacteriophage, a significantly lower tenacity in the aerosol was observed with a recovery rate of 4.24% for intermediate RH of approximately 50%. The results of this study confirm the significant influence of the RH on the tenacity of airborne microorganisms depending on the specific agent. These data show that the behavior of microorganism in bioaerosols is varies under different environmental conditions.
Mapping the perturbation potential of metallic and dipolar tips in tunneling spectroscopy on MoS2
Creators: name: Krane, Nils
name: Lotze, Christian
name: Bogdanoff, Nils
name: Reecht, Gaël
name: Zhang, Lei
name: Briseno, Alejandro L.
name: Franke, Katharina J.
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: electronic structure of atoms
subject: electronic structure of molecules
subject: transition-metal dichalcogenide
subject: tunnel junctions
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::530 Physik::530 Physik

description: Scanning tunneling spectroscopy requires the application of a potential difference between the sample and a tip. In metal-vacuum-metal junctions, one can safely assume that the potential is constant along the metallic substrate. Here, we show that the inhomogeneous shape of the electric potential has to be taken into account when probing spatially extended molecules on a decoupling layer. To this end, oligothiophene-based molecules were deposited on a monolayer of molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) on a Au(111) surface. By probing the delocalized molecular orbital along the thiophene backbone, we found an apparent intramolecular shift of the positive ion resonance, which can be ascribed to a perturbation potential caused by the tip. Using a simple model for the electrostatic landscape, we show that such a perturbation is caused by the inhomogeneity of the applied bias potential in the junction and may be further modified by an electric dipole of a functionalized tip. The two effects can be disentangled in tunneling spectra by probing the apparent energy shift of vibronic resonances along the molecular backbone. We suggest that extended molecules on MoS2 can be used as a sensor for the shape of the electrostatic potential of arbitrary tips.
TOI-1055 b: Neptunian planet characterised with HARPS, TESS, and CHEOPS
Creators: name: Bonfanti, A.
name: Gandolfi, D.
name: Egger, J. A.
name: Fossati, L.
name: Cabrera, J.
name: Krenn, A.
name: Alibert, Y.
name: Benz, W.
name: Billot, Nicolas
name: Rauer, Heike
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: techniques: radial velocities
subject: techniques: photometric
subject: planets and satellites: fundamental parameters
subject: stars: fundamental parameters
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::520 Astronomie::520 Astronomie und zugeordnete Wissenschaften

description: Context. TOI-1055 is a Sun-like star known to host a transiting Neptune-sized planet on a 17.5-day orbit (TOI-1055 b). Radial velocity (RV) analyses carried out by two independent groups using nearly the same set of HARPS spectra have provided measurements of planetary masses that differ by ∼2σ. Aims. Our aim in this work is to solve the inconsistency in the published planetary masses by significantly extending the set of HARPS RV measurements and employing a new analysis tool that is able to account and correct for stellar activity. Our further aim was to improve the precision on measurements of the planetary radius by observing two transits of the planet with the CHEOPS space telescope. Methods. We fit a skew normal function to each cross correlation function extracted from the HARPS spectra to obtain RV measurements and hyperparameters to be used for the detrending. We evaluated the correlation changes of the hyperparameters along the RV time series using the breakpoint technique. We performed a joint photometric and RV analysis using a Markov chain Monte Carlo scheme to simultaneously detrend the light curves and the RV time series. Results. We firmly detected the Keplerian signal of TOI-1055 b, deriving a planetary mass of Mb = 20.4−2.5+2.6 M⊕ (∼12%). This value is in agreement with one of the two estimates in the literature, but it is significantly more precise. Thanks to the TESS transit light curves combined with exquisite CHEOPS photometry, we also derived a planetary radius of Rb = 3.490−0.064+0.070 R⊕ (∼1.9%). Our mass and radius measurements imply a mean density of ρb = 2.65−0.35+0.37 g cm−3 (∼14%). We further inferred the planetary structure and found that TOI-1055 b is very likely to host a substantial gas envelope with a mass of 0.41−0.20+0.34 M⊕ and a thickness of 1.05−0.29+0.30 R⊕. Conclusions. Our RV extraction combined with the breakpoint technique has played a key role in the optimal removal of stellar activity from the HARPS time series, enabling us to solve the tension in the planetary mass values published so far for TOI-1055 b.
Additional file 11 of Evolution of breastfeeding indicators and early introduction of foods in Latin American and Caribbean countries in the decades of 1990, 2000 and 2010
Creators: name: Meira, Camila Abadia Rodrigues
name: Buccini, Gabriela
name: Azeredo, Catarina Machado
name: Conde, Wolney Lisbôa
name: Rinaldi, Ana Elisa Madalena
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 11: Figure S9. Prevalence of breastfeeding indicators for infants under six months of age from Colombia by survey year and monthly age group. DHS, 1995–2010.
The EBLM project – IX. Five fully convective M-dwarfs, precisely measured with CHEOPS and TESS light curves
Creators: name: Sebastian, D.
name: Swayne, M. I.
name: Maxted, P. F. L.
name: Triaud, A. H. M. J.
name: Sousa, S. G.
name: Olofsson, G.
name: Beck, M.
name: Billot, Nicolas
name: Hoyer, S.
name: Rauer, Heike
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: techniques: photometric
subject: techniques: spectroscopic
subject: binaries: eclipsing
subject: stars: fundamental parameters
subject: stars: low-mass
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::520 Astronomie::520 Astronomie und zugeordnete Wissenschaften

description: Eclipsing binaries are important benchmark objects to test and calibrate stellar structure and evolution models. This is especially true for binaries with a fully convective M-dwarf component for which direct measurements of these stars’ masses and radii are difficult using other techniques. Within the potential of M-dwarfs to be exoplanet host stars, the accuracy of theoretical predictions of their radius and effective temperature as a function of their mass is an active topic of discussion. Not only the parameters of transiting exoplanets but also the success of future atmospheric characterization relies on accurate theoretical predictions. We present the analysis of five eclipsing binaries with low-mass stellar companions out of a subsample of 23, for which we obtained ultra-high-precision light curves using the CHEOPS satellite. The observation of their primary and secondary eclipses are combined with spectroscopic measurements to precisely model the primary parameters and derive the M-dwarfs mass, radius, surface gravity, and effective temperature estimates using the PYCHEOPS data analysis software. Combining these results to the same set of parameters derived from TESS light curves, we find very good agreement (better than 1 per cent for radius and better than 0.2 per cent for surface gravity). We also analyse the importance of precise orbits from radial velocity measurements and find them to be crucial to derive M-dwarf radii in a regime below 5 per cent accuracy. These results add five valuable data points to the mass–radius diagram of fully convective M-dwarfs.
Entanglement-ergodic quantum systems equilibrate exponentially well
Creators: name: Wilming, H.
name: Goihl, M.
name: Roth, I.
name: Eisert, J.
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: eigenstate thermalization
subject: entropy
subject: many-body localization
subject: nonequilibrium
subject: irreversible thermodynamics
subject: nonequilibrium statistical mechanics
subject: quantum entanglement
subject: quantum quench
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::530 Physik::530 Physik

description: One of the outstanding problems in nonequilibrium physics is to precisely understand when and how physically relevant observables in many-body systems equilibrate under unitary time evolution. General equilibration results show that equilibration is generic provided that the initial state has overlap with sufficiently many energy levels. But results not referring to typicality which show that natural initial states actually fulfill this condition are lacking. In this work, we present stringent results for equilibration for systems in which Rényi entanglement entropies in energy eigenstates with finite energy density are extensive for at least some, not necessarily connected, subsystems. Our results reverse the logic of common arguments, in that we derive equilibration from a weak condition akin to the eigenstate thermalization hypothesis, which is usually attributed to thermalization in systems that are assumed to equilibrate in the first place. We put the findings into the context of studies of many-body localization and many-body scars.
Towards establishing a fungal economics spectrum in soil saprobic fungi
Creators: name: Camenzind, Tessa
name: Hempel, Stefan
name: Lehmann, Anika
name: Bielčik, Miloš
name: Cruz, Jeane Dela
name: Gawronski, Jessie
name: Golubeva, Polina
name: Lartey, Linda
name: Leifheit, Eva
name: Maaß, Stefanie
name: Pinek, Liliana
name: Roy, Julien
name: Wang, Dongwei
name: Wulf, Anja
name: Rillig, Matthias C.
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Fungal ecology
subject: Microbial ecology
subject: fungal economics spectrum
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie

description: Trait-based frameworks are promising tools to understand the functional consequences of community shifts in response to environmental change. The applicability of these tools to soil microbes is limited by a lack of functional trait data and a focus on categorical traits. To address this gap for an important group of soil microorganisms, we identify trade-offs underlying a fungal economics spectrum based on a large trait collection in 28 saprobic fungal isolates, derived from a common grassland soil and grown in culture plates. In this dataset, ecologically relevant trait variation is best captured by a three-dimensional fungal economics space. The primary explanatory axis represents a dense-fast continuum, resembling dominant life-history trade-offs in other taxa. A second significant axis reflects mycelial flexibility, and a third one carbon acquisition traits. All three axes correlate with traits involved in soil carbon cycling. Since stress tolerance and fundamental niche gradients are primarily related to the dense-fast continuum, traits of the 2nd (carbon-use efficiency) and especially the 3rd (decomposition) orthogonal axes are independent of tested environmental stressors. These findings suggest a fungal economics space which can now be tested at broader scales.
Additional file 12 of Evolution of breastfeeding indicators and early introduction of foods in Latin American and Caribbean countries in the decades of 1990, 2000 and 2010
Creators: name: Meira, Camila Abadia Rodrigues
name: Buccini, Gabriela
name: Azeredo, Catarina Machado
name: Conde, Wolney Lisbôa
name: Rinaldi, Ana Elisa Madalena
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 12: Figure S10. Prevalence of breastfeeding indicators for infants under six months of age from Dominican Republic by survey year and monthly age group, DHS, 1996–2013.
Assessment of the spectral misalignment effect (SMILE) on EarthCARE's Multi-Spectral Imager aerosol and cloud property retrievals
Creators: name: Docter, Nicole
name: Hünerbein, Anja
name: Donovan, David P.
name: Preusker, Rene
name: Fischer, Jürgen
name: Meirink, Jan Fokke
name: Stammes, Piet
name: Eisinger, Michael
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: spectral misalignment effect
subject: EarthCARE
subject: assessment
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::550 Geowissenschaften, Geologie::550 Geowissenschaften

description: The Multi-Spectral Imager (MSI) on board the Earth Cloud, Aerosol and Radiation Explorer (EarthCARE) will provide horizontal information about aerosols and clouds. These measurements are needed to extend vertical cloud and aerosol property information, which is obtained from EarthCARE's active sensors, in order to obtain a full three-dimensional view of cloud and aerosol conditions. Mesoscale weather systems, in particular, will be characterized. The discovery of a non-compliance of the MSI visible–near-infrared–shortwave infrared (VNS) camera’s visible (VIS) and shortwave infrared (SWIR1) channels regarding a spectral central wavelength (CWVL) shift across-track of up to 14 nm (VIS) and 20 nm (SWIR1) led to the need for an analysis regarding its impact on MSI Level-2A aerosol and cloud products. A significant influence of the spectral misalignment effect (SMILE) on MSI retrievals is identified due to the spectral variation in gas absorption, surface reflectance, and aerosol and cloud properties within the spectral ranges of these MSI bands. For example, the VIS channel is positioned in close proximity to the red edge of green vegetation and is impacted by residual absorption of water vapor and ozone. Small central wavelength variations introduce uncertainties due to the rapid change in surface reflectance for conditions with low optical thickness. The present central wavelength shift in the VIS towards shorter wavelengths than at nadir introduces a relative error in transmission of up to 3.3 % due to the increasing influence of water vapor and ozone absorption. We found relative errors in the top-of-atmosphere (TOA) signal due to the SMILE of up to 30 % for low optical thickness over a land surface in that band. Since the magnitude of the impact strongly depends on the underlying surface and atmospheric conditions, we conclude that accounting for the SMILE in Level-2 retrievals or correcting the Level-1 signal will improve MSI aerosol and cloud product quality.
A Streamline Simulator for Unsteady State Flow Below the Bubble Point
Creators: name: Billingsley, David Lewis
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 1989
Subjects: streamline simulator
bubble point

description: This work presents a new general type of primary production simulator using the unsteady state line source and sink solutions to the diffusivity equation and flow along pathlines to simulate multiphase flow below the bubble point. The results of model application to a circular reservoir were compared to the results of application of the Black Oil Applied Simulation Tool, BOAST, for the same case with favorable results. A number of runs were made for different cases on both circular and irregular shaped reservoirs. The mathematical basis for the model is outlined as is the computational technique and instructions for applying the model to .a reservoir of any shape, any size and containing any number of wells.
Additional file 13 of Evolution of breastfeeding indicators and early introduction of foods in Latin American and Caribbean countries in the decades of 1990, 2000 and 2010
Creators: name: Meira, Camila Abadia Rodrigues
name: Buccini, Gabriela
name: Azeredo, Catarina Machado
name: Conde, Wolney Lisbôa
name: Rinaldi, Ana Elisa Madalena
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 13: Figure S11. Prevalence of breastfeeding indicators for infants under six months of age from Guatemala by survey year and monthly age group DHS, 1995–2015.
What polarizes citizens? An explorative analysis of 817 attitudinal items from a non-random online panel in Germany
Creators: name: Teney, Celine
name: Pietrantuono, Giuseppe
name: Wolfram, Tobias
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Culture
subject: Surveys
subject: Finance
subject: 300 Sozialwissenschaften::300 Sozialwissenschaften, Soziologie::301 Soziologie, Anthropologie

description: Various studies point to the lack of evidence of distributive opinion polarization in Europe. As most studies analyse the same item batteries from international social surveys, this lack of polarization might be due to an item’s issue (e.g., the nature or substance of an item) or item formulation characteristics used to measure polarization. Based on a unique sample of 817 political attitudinal items asked in 2022 by respondents of a non-random online panel in Germany, we empirically assess the item characteristics most likely to lead to distributive opinion polarization–measured with the Van der Eijk agreement index. Our results show that only 20% of the items in our sample have some–at most moderate–level of opinion polarization. Moreover, an item’s salience in the news media before the survey data collection, whether an item measures attitudes toward individual financial and non-financial costs, and the implicit level of knowledge required to answer an item (level of technicality) are significantly associated with higher opinion polarization. By contrast, items measuring a cultural issue (such as issues on gender, LGTBQI+, and ethnic minorities) and items with a high level of abstraction are significantly associated with a lower level of polarization. Our study highlights the importance of reflecting on the potential influence of an item’s issue and item formulation characteristics on the empirical assessment of distributive opinion polarization.
Antibunched photons emitted by a dc-biased Josephson junction
Creators: name: Rolland, C.
name: Kubala, B.
name: Peugeot, A.
name: Dambach, S.
name: Westig, M.
name: Mukharsky, Y.
name: Altimiras, C.
name: Sueur, H. Le
name: Joyez, P.
name: Vion, D.
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: coulomb blockade
subject: Josephson effect
subject: superconductivity
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::530 Physik::530 Physik

description: We show experimentally that a dc biased Josephson junction in series with a high-enough-impedance microwave resonator emits antibunched photons. Our resonator is made of a simple microfabricated spiral coil that resonates at 4.4 GHz and reaches a 1.97kΩ characteristic impedance. The second order correlation function of the power leaking out of the resonator drops down to 0.3 at zero delay, which demonstrates the antibunching of the photons emitted by the circuit at a rate of 6×10^7 photons per second. Results are found in quantitative agreement with our theoretical predictions. This simple scheme could offer an efficient and bright single-photon source in the microwave domain.
Additional file 14 of Evolution of breastfeeding indicators and early introduction of foods in Latin American and Caribbean countries in the decades of 1990, 2000 and 2010
Creators: name: Meira, Camila Abadia Rodrigues
name: Buccini, Gabriela
name: Azeredo, Catarina Machado
name: Conde, Wolney Lisbôa
name: Rinaldi, Ana Elisa Madalena
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 14: Figure S12. Prevalence of breastfeeding indicators for infants under six months of age from Haiti by survey year and monthly age group. DHS, 1994–2017.
Behavioral and genetic correlates of heterogeneity in learning performance in individual honeybees, Apis mellifera
Creators: name: Chakroborty, Neloy Kumar
name: Leboulle, Gérard
name: Einspanier, Ralf
name: Menzel, Randolf
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Bees
subject: Honey bees
subject: Learning
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie

description: Learning an olfactory discrimination task leads to heterogeneous results in honeybees with some bees performing very well and others at low rates. Here we investigated this behavioral heterogeneity and asked whether it was associated with particular gene expression patterns in the bee’s brain. Bees were individually conditioned using a sequential conditioning protocol involving several phases of olfactory learning and retention tests. A cumulative score was used to differentiate the tested bees into high and low performers. The rate of CS+ odor learning was found to correlate most strongly with a cumulative performance score extracted from all learning and retention tests. Microarray analysis of gene expression in the mushroom body area of the brains of these bees identified a number of differentially expressed genes between high and low performers. These genes are associated with diverse biological functions, such as neurotransmission, memory formation, cargo trafficking and development.
A Theileria annulata parasite with a single mutation, methionine 128 to isoleucine (M128I), in cytochrome B is resistant to buparvaquone
Creators: name: Tajeri, Shahin
name: Chattopadhyay, Debasish
name: Langsley, Gordon
name: Nijhof, Ard M.
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Parasitic diseases
subject: Macrophages
subject: Theileria
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::630 Landwirtschaft::630 Landwirtschaft und verwandte Bereiche

description: Tropical theileriosis is a fatal leukemic-like disease of cattle caused by the tick-transmitted protozoan parasite Theileria annulata. The economics of cattle meat and milk production is severely affected by theileriosis in endemic areas. The hydroxynaphtoquinone buparvaquone (BPQ) is the only available drug currently used to treat clinical theileriosis, whilst BPQ resistance is emerging and spreading in endemic areas. Here, we chronically exposed T. annulata-transformed macrophages in vitro to BPQ and monitored the emergence of drug-resistant parasites. Surviving parasites revealed a significant increase in BPQ IC50 compared to the wild type parasites. Drug resistant parasites from two independent cloned lines had an identical single mutation, M128I, in the gene coding for T. annulata cytochrome B (Tacytb). This in vitro generated mutation has not been reported in resistant field isolates previously, but is reminiscent of the methionine to isoleucine mutation in atovaquone-resistant Plasmodium and Babesia. The M128I mutation did not appear to exert any deleterious effect on parasite fitness (proliferation and differentiation to merozoites). To gain insight into whether drug-resistance could have resulted from altered drug binding to TaCytB we generated in silico a 3D-model of wild type TaCytB and docked BPQ to the predicted 3D-structure. Potential binding sites cluster in four areas of the protein structure including the Q01 site. The bound drug in the Q01 site is expected to pack against an alpha helix, which included M128, suggesting that the change in amino acid in this position may alter drug-binding. The in vitro generated BPQ resistant T. annulata is a useful tool to determine the contribution of the various predicted docking sites to BPQ resistance and will also allow testing novel drugs against theileriosis for their potential to overcome BPQ resistance.
Subsystem symmetries, critical Bose surface, and immobile excitations in an extended compass model
Creators: name: Li, Zhidan
name: Huang, Chun-Jiong
name: Liu, Changle
name: Lu, Hai-Zhou
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose an extended compass model that hosts subsystem symmetries and has potential experimental relevance with 3d transition metal compounds. The subsystem symmetries strongly constrain the mobility of spin excitations and lead to profound consequences. At the quantum critical point we find the presence of "critical Bose surface" along the entire $k_x$ and $k_y$ axis. Across which we find a nodal-line spin liquid that undergoes nematic instability at low temperatures. In the ferro-quadrupole phase, we find that one excitation is immobile individually analogous to "fractons".
description: 14 pages, 7 figures
Additional file 15 of Evolution of breastfeeding indicators and early introduction of foods in Latin American and Caribbean countries in the decades of 1990, 2000 and 2010
Creators: name: Meira, Camila Abadia Rodrigues
name: Buccini, Gabriela
name: Azeredo, Catarina Machado
name: Conde, Wolney Lisbôa
name: Rinaldi, Ana Elisa Madalena
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 15: Figure S13. Prevalence of breastfeeding indicators for infants under six months of age from Peru by survey year and monthly age group. DHS, 1996–2018. ENDES, 2018.
EFSA Legal Limit Data Base for compliance check of chemical monitoring data
Creators: name: European Food Safety Authority
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: FoodEx2
subject: Legal Limit
subject: Chemical
subject: SSD2
subject: VMPR
subject: Pesticides
subject: Residues
subject: MRL
subject: http://id.agrisemantics.org/gacs/C846
subject: http://id.agrisemantics.org/gacs/C2724
subject: http://id.agrisemantics.org/gacs/C16651

description: The check on legal limit compliance is done based on a database developed by EFSA which includes the limits of concern stated in the legislation for pesticide residues and veterinary medical product residues monitoring. Chemical monitoring data are reported to EFSA using the FoodEx2 coding system. An algorithm developed by EFSA is needed for the FoodEx2 conversion to the specific food classification system used in legislation in order to perform compliance check against the legal limit database, that will be soon part of this publication. This data providers package provides the file used by EFSA for mapping the FoodEx2 codes reported in the remit of Chemical Monitoring Data Collection into the food classification used in the Legal Limit database and in the Business Rules validation. The package includes: Technical document on the mapping of EU MRL food classification from EFSA FoodEx2. The configuration file of the algorithm used in the remit of pesticide residues in excel format. The configuration file of the algorithm used in the remit of veterinary medical product residues in excel format. An ad-hoc version of the algorithm written in SAS to be used by data providers on their local server. The new guidance document of Chemical Monitoring Data Collection is published on the EFSA journal and referred in the Related Identifiers section among the supplemented materials For the related data collection configuration, controlled terminology, and mapping tools please, refer to the Related Identifiers section.
description: EU; DOCX; data.collection@efsa.europa.eu
Additional file 1 of Evolution of breastfeeding indicators and early introduction of foods in Latin American and Caribbean countries in the decades of 1990, 2000 and 2010
Creators: name: Meira, Camila Abadia Rodrigues
name: Buccini, Gabriela
name: Azeredo, Catarina Machado
name: Conde, Wolney Lisbôa
name: Rinaldi, Ana Elisa Madalena
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Description of food indicators number available in each survey questionnaire according to survey year and country. DHS, 1990 to 2017. ENDES, 2018.
Fractional Chern Insulators in Topological Flat Bands with Higher Chern Number
Creators: name: Liu, Zhao
name: Bergholtz, Emil J.
name: Fan, Heng
name: Läuchli, Andreas M.
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::530 Physik

description: Lattice models forming bands with higher Chern number offer an intriguing possibility for new phases of matter with no analogue in continuum Landau levels. Here, we establish the existence of a number of new bulk insulating states at fractional filling in flat bands with a Chern number C=N>1, forming in a recently proposed pyrochlore model with strong spin-orbit coupling. In particular, we find compelling evidence for a series of stable states at ν=1/(2N+1) for fermions as well as bosonic states at ν=1/(N+1). By examining the topological ground state degeneracies and the excitation structure as well as the entanglement spectrum, we conclude that these states are Abelian. We also explicitly demonstrate that these states are nevertheless qualitatively different from conventional quantum Hall (multilayer) states due to the novel properties of the underlying band structure.
Additional file 2 of Evolution of breastfeeding indicators and early introduction of foods in Latin American and Caribbean countries in the decades of 1990, 2000 and 2010
Creators: name: Meira, Camila Abadia Rodrigues
name: Buccini, Gabriela
name: Azeredo, Catarina Machado
name: Conde, Wolney Lisbôa
name: Rinaldi, Ana Elisa Madalena
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 2: Figure S1. Flowchart of Demographic and Health Survey (DHS) selection from Latin American and Caribbean countries. DHS, 1990s, 2000s and 2010s. ENDES, 2018.
Additional file 1 of Uric acid in predicting the traumatic rhabdomyolysis induced acute kidney injury; a systematic review and meta-analysis
Creators: name: Safari, Saeed
name: Ghasemi, Mohammadreza
name: Yousefifard, Mahmoud
name: Ghasemi, Alireza
name: Najafi, Iraj
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Supplementary Material 1
Towards engineering of self-assembled nanostructures using non-ionic dendritic amphiphiles
Creators: name: Thota, Bala N. S.
name: Berlepsch, Hans Von
name: Böttcher, Christoph
name: Haag, Rainer
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::540 Chemie

description: Engineering nanostructures of defined size and morphology is a great challenge in the field of self-assembly. Herein we report on the formation of supramolecular nanostructures of defined morphologies with subtle structural changes for a new series of dendritic amphiphiles. Subsequently, we studied their application as nanocarriers for guest molecules.
Additional file 3 of Evolution of breastfeeding indicators and early introduction of foods in Latin American and Caribbean countries in the decades of 1990, 2000 and 2010
Creators: name: Meira, Camila Abadia Rodrigues
name: Buccini, Gabriela
name: Azeredo, Catarina Machado
name: Conde, Wolney Lisbôa
name: Rinaldi, Ana Elisa Madalena
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 3: Table S2. Description of infant feeding indicators configuration for all surveys year and countries. DHS, 1990–2017. ENDES, 2018.
Effects of fresh leaf materials of Sesbania sesban (L.) Merrill on the growth and photosynthetic pigments of nightshade (Solanum nigrum L. var. popolo)
Creators: name: Iqbal, Zahid
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: 99901 Agricultural Engineering
subject: FOS: Other engineering and technologies
subject: Soil Science
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Education
subject: Plant Biology

description: Solanum nigrum L. is one of the African leafy vegetable consumed in Kenya. High cost of inorganic fertilizers has made it inaccessible by smallholder farmers leading to low yields. A study was conducted at Maseno University, Kenya to investigate the effects of Sesbania sesban fresh leaf materials on the growth of Solanum nigrum L. The
study was conducted under greenhouse conditions using 3litre pots. Each pot was filled with 2kg of top soil and five treatments of fresh leaf materials of S. sesban incorporated at the rates of 0g (control), 15g, 30g, 45g and 60g. Ten seeds of S. nigrum L were planted in each pot and were watered daily until they germinated after which they were thinned to five seedlings per pot. The experiment was laid out in a completely randomized design (CRD) with 5 replications. Data on stem length, number of leaves per plant, leaf length, leaf breath were collected each
week from the fifteen day after germination. Fresh and dry weights of the stems and roots, Leaf chlorophyll and carotenoids contents were determined at the end of the experiment. The data collected was subjected to ANOVA and means separated and compared using the least significant difference (LSD) at P = 0.05, using SAS statistical
package. The study showed that there was a significant effect of application of fresh leaf material of S. sesban on the growth of S. nigrum plants, variety: popolo. Treatment consisting of 45g of fresh leaf material of S. sesban had the highest number of leaves, leaf area, plant height, fresh weight of the shoots and roots, and dry weights of shoots and roots. Chlorophyll a (chl a) and chlorophyll b (chl b) contents increased in all the treatments receiving
fresh leaf materials of S. sesban. There were no significant differences in Chl a and chl b contents among the treatments receiving fresh leaf materials. Carotenoids contents of S. nigrum increased with increasing amounts of fresh leaf material of S. sesban. However, there was no significant difference in carotenoids contents between treatments. In conclusion fresh leaf material of sesbania promoted growth and increased photosynthetic pigments of S. nigrum, probably this was due to high amounts of nutrients supplied by S. sesban. The under exploited potential of S.sesban green manure can be harnessed in growing S. nigrum plants.