cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Trends in torques acting on the star during a star-disk magnetospheric interaction
Creators: name: Čemeljić, M.
name: Brun, A. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We assess the modification of angular momentum transport in various configurations of star-disk accreting systems based on numerical simulations with different parameters. We quantify the torques exerted on a star by the various components of the flow in our simulations of a star-disk magnetospheric interaction. We obtained results using different stellar rotation rates, dipole magnetic field strengths, and resistivities. We probed a part of the parameter space with slowly rotating central objects, up to 20% of the Keplerian rotation rate at the equator. Different components of the flow in star-disk magnetospheric interaction were considered in the study: a magnetospheric wind (i.e., the ``stellar wind'') ejected outwards from the stellar vicinity, matter infalling onto the star through the accretion column, and a magnetospheric ejection launched from the magnetosphere. We also took account of trends in the total torque in the system and in each component individually. We find that for all the stellar magnetic field strengths, B$_\star$, the anchoring radius of the stellar magnetic field in the disk is extended with increasing disk resistivity. The torque exerted on the star is independent of the stellar rotation rate, $Ω_\star$, in all the cases without magnetospheric ejections. In cases where such ejections are present, there is a weak dependence of the anchoring radius on the stellar rotation rate, with both the total torque in the system and torque on the star from the ejection and infall from the disk onto the star proportional to $Ω_\star B^3$. The torque from a magnetospheric ejection is proportional to $Ω_\star^4$. Without the magnetospheric ejection, the spin-up of the star switches to spin-down in cases involving a larger stellar field and faster stellar rotation. The critical value for this switch is about 10% of the Keplerian rotation rate.
description: 15 pages, 57 figures, accepted in A&A
Using correlations between CMB lensing and large-scale structure to measure primordial non-Gaussianity
Creators: name: Giannantonio, Tommaso
name: Percival, Will J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We apply a new method to measure primordial non-Gaussianity, using the cross-correlation between galaxy surveys and the CMB lensing signal to measure galaxy bias on very large scales, where local-type primordial non-Gaussianity predicts a $k^2$ divergence. We use the CMB lensing map recently published by the Planck collaboration, and measure its external correlations with a suite of six galaxy catalogues spanning a broad redshift range. We then consistently combine correlation functions to extend the recent analysis by Giannantonio et al. (2013), where the density-density and the density-CMB temperature correlations were used. Due to the intrinsic noise of the Planck lensing map, which affects the largest scales most severely, we find that the constraints on the galaxy bias are similar to the constraints from density-CMB temperature correlations. Including lensing constraints only improves the previous statistical measurement errors marginally, and we obtain $ f_{\mathrm{NL}} = 12 \pm 21 $ (1$σ$) from the combined data set. However, the lensing measurements serve as an excellent test of systematic errors: we now have three methods to measure the large-scale, scale-dependent bias from a galaxy survey: auto-correlation, and cross-correlation with both CMB temperature and lensing. As the publicly available Planck lensing maps have had their largest-scale modes at multipoles $l<10$ removed, which are the most sensitive to the scale-dependent bias, we consider mock CMB lensing data covering all multipoles. We find that, while the effect of $f_{\mathrm{NL}}$ indeed increases significantly on the largest scales, so do the contributions of both cosmic variance and the intrinsic lensing noise, so that the improvement is small.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures. Additional references added. Submitted to MNRAS
Review on the Identification Methods of Laboratory Mice, Rats, Rabbits, and Guinea pigs
Creators: name: Assal, A. N.
Publisher: name: Scandinavian Journal of Laboratory Animal Sciences
Year: 2019

description: Identification of laboratory animals is an essential step for operating an animal house/research laboratory efficiently. Recently, strong trends towards the ethics of animal welfare of laboratory animals used in research has made it important to review some known methods of marking them. Thus, some reliable ethical methods of identifying animals used in the laboratory are recommended. Overall, this article addresses the above issue in mice, rats, rabbits, and guinea pigs and recomendation ofvarious methods is given in Table 2.
description: Scandinavian Journal of Laboratory Animal Sciences, Vol. 15 No. 1 (1988)
SMARCA4/2 loss inhibits chemotherapy-induced apoptosis by restricting IP3R3-mediated Ca2+ flux to mitochondria.
Creators: name: Xue, Yibo
name: Morris, Jordan L
name: Yang, Kangning
name: Fu, Zheng
name: Zhu, Xianbing
name: Johnson, Fraser
name: Meehan, Brian
name: Witkowski, Leora
name: Yasmeen, Amber
name: Golenar, Tunde
name: Coatham, Mackenzie
name: Morin, Geneviève
name: Monast, Anie
name: Pilon, Virginie
name: Fiset, Pierre Olivier
name: Jung, Sungmi
name: Gonzalez, Anne V
name: Camilleri-Broet, Sophie
name: Fu, Lili
name: Postovit, Lynne-Marie
name: Spicer, Jonathan
name: Gotlieb, Walter H
name: Guiot, Marie-Christine
name: Rak, Janusz
name: Park, Morag
name: Lockwood, William
name: Foulkes, William D
name: Prudent, Julien
name: Huang, Sidong
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021
Subjects: Animals
Antineoplastic Agents
Apoptosis
Calcium
Cell Line, Tumor
DNA Helicases
Gene Expression Profiling
Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
HEK293 Cells
Humans
Inositol 1,4,5-Trisphosphate Receptors
Ion Transport
Male
Mice, Inbred NOD
Mice, Knockout
Mice, SCID
Mitochondria
Mutation
Neoplasms
Nuclear Proteins
Transcription Factors
Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays

description: Inactivating mutations in SMARCA4 and concurrent epigenetic silencing of SMARCA2 characterize subsets of ovarian and lung cancers. Concomitant loss of these key subunits of SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling complexes in both cancers is associated with chemotherapy resistance and poor prognosis. Here, we discover that SMARCA4/2 loss inhibits chemotherapy-induced apoptosis through disrupting intracellular organelle calcium ion (Ca2+) release in these cancers. By restricting chromatin accessibility to ITPR3, encoding Ca2+ channel IP3R3, SMARCA4/2 deficiency causes reduced IP3R3 expression leading to impaired Ca2+ transfer from the endoplasmic reticulum to mitochondria required for apoptosis induction. Reactivation of SMARCA2 by a histone deacetylase inhibitor rescues IP3R3 expression and enhances cisplatin response in SMARCA4/2-deficient cancer cells both in vitro and in vivo. Our findings elucidate the contribution of SMARCA4/2 to Ca2+-dependent apoptosis induction, which may be exploited to enhance chemotherapy response in SMARCA4/2-deficient cancers.
N=1 Duality in the Chiral Limit from N=2 Duality
Creators: name: Shifman, M.
name: Yung, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study a deformation of N=2 supersymmetric QCD with U(N) gauge group and N_f quark flavors induced by the mass term μfor the adjoint matter which breaks supersymmetry down to N=1 QCD. Recently this deformation was shown to lead to a weakly coupled dual theory only in two particular sets of vacua: the r=N vacuum and the so-called zero vacua which can be found at r< N_f-N, where r is the number of condensed quarks. For small quark masses and intermediate values of μthe gauge group of the dual theory is U(N_f-N)\times U(1)^{2N-N_f} where the Abelian sector is heavy and can be integrated out. However, at larger values of μthe Abelian sector enters the strong coupling regime. We show that the 't Hooft matching conditions in the chiral limit require the Seiberg neutral meson field M from this sector to become light. In the r=N vacuum M is constructed of a monopole and antimonopole connected by a confining magnetic strings while in the zero vacua it is built of a quark and antiquark connected by a confining electric strings.
description: 34 pages, 1 figure
Constraints on the multiplicity of the most massive stars known: R136 a1, a2, a3, and c
Creators: name: Shenar, T.
name: Sana, H.
name: Crowther, P. A.
name: Bostroem, K. A.
name: Mahy, L.
name: Najarro, F.
name: Oskinova, L.
name: Sander, A. A. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The most massive stars known to date are R 136 a1, a2, a3, and c within the central cluster R 136a of the Tarantula nebula in the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC), with reported masses in excess of 150-200$M_\odot$. However, the mass estimation of these stars relies on the assumption that they are single. We collected three epochs of spectroscopy for R 136 a1, a2, a3, and c with the Space Telescope Imaging Spectrograph (STIS) of the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) in the years 2020-2021 to probe potential radial-velocity (RV) variations. We combine these epochs with an additional HST/STIS observation taken in 2012. We use cross-correlation to quantify the RVs, and establish constraints on possible companions to these stars up to periods of ~10 yr. Objects are classified as binaries when the peak-to-peak RV shifts exceed 50 km/s, and when the RV shift is significant with respect to errors. R 136 a1, a2, and a3 do not satisfy the binary criteria and are thus classified as putatively single, although formal peak-to-peak RV variability on the level 40 km/s is noted for a3. Only R 136 c is classified as binary, in agreement with literature. We can generally rule out massive companions (M2 > ~50 Msun) to R 136 a1, a2, and a3 out to orbital periods of < 1 yr (separations < 5 au) at 95% confidence, or out to tens of years (separations < ~100 au) at 50% confidence. Highly eccentric binaries (e > ~0.9) or twin companions with similar spectra could evade detection down to shorter periods (> ~10 d), though their presence is not supported by the relative X-ray faintness of R 136 a1, a2, and a3. We derive a preliminary orbital solution with a 17.2 d period for the X-ray bright binary R 136 c, though more data are needed to conclusively derive its orbit. Our study supports a lower bound of 150-200 $M_\odot$ on the upper-mass limit at LMC metallicity
description: Accepted to A&A
Om smärta hos försöksdjur
Creators: name: Jeneskog, Torgny
Publisher: name: Scandinavian Journal of Laboratory Animal Sciences
Year: 2019

description: On Pain in Laboratory Animals. The article gives a short discription in Swedish on the subject ofpain in animals based upon some recent litterature. Suffering, which is the word used in Swedish legislation, and pain, are concepts which are both very difficult to define. Pain is a perception with sensory as well as affective dimensions and this renders knowledge about pain in animals indirect through analogies between humans and animals in anatomy, physiology and behaviour. An important point is made of the fact that pain is not equivalent with nociception. Pain, being a perception, is dependant upon the animal’s conscious state, i.e. on a functioning cerebral cortex (at least in higher animals and man), while different aspects of nociception, >>pain reﬂexes<<, might occur without pain in true sense, as under anesthesia. After defining some concepts in the area of pain, the neurophysiological mechanisms are shortly described. Peripheral and central painregulating systems are discussed and it is pointed out that pain detection threshold as well as pain sensitivity range are parameters that could be quite variable and regulated through central nervous mechanisms. In the sections on assessment of pain and suffering it is stressed that it is the responsibility ofthe researcher both to be aware of and to able to recognize signs of pain or distress in his/her animals. It is also important to consider degrees of pain, from trivial over moderate to severe pain. The severe pain of extensive surgery or soft tissue damage is in practice not the big problems, but instead the broad field of moderate pain, which might be difficult to recognize for people less experienced in the particular normal behaviour of a certain animal species. In such cases it is suggested that pain killers should be used much more than is done today. There is the striking both similarity and contrast in the fact that antibiotics are often used >>for safety<< even if an infection is not verified, but pain killers are seldom used, unless very clear signs of pain or distress are evident. In cases of more chronic types of pain or suffering there is need for good knowledge and experience of the normal range of behaviour of the particular animal species concerned, because the potential suffering of the animal is judged mainly from changes in its behavioural repertoire. If animals are suspected to suffer in any way, possible causes must be seeked and preferably removed. Otherwise treatment with analgetics or sedatives must be instituted, if the experiment does not prevent it, or one must seriously consider euthanasia. This is in some instances the only proper way to handle suffering in laboratory animals, also because obviously suffering animals are by all decent standards not even scientifically valuable.
description: Scandinavian Journal of Laboratory Animal Sciences, Vol. 15 No. 1 (1988)
Technical note Communication: Frequency of cage changing and weight gain in rats
Creators: name: Beynen, A. C.
name: Van Tintelen, G.
Publisher: name: Scandinavian Journal of Laboratory Animal Sciences
Year: 2019

description: We have studied the influence of the frequency of cage changing on body weight gain in young female rats over a 2-week period. Rats were subjected to either true or sham cage changing so as to balance for possible effects of handling. Cage changing once every day or once every three days caused significantly lower rates of weight gain in the first but not second week of study than did cage changing once every 14 days. It is suggested tentatively that stress associated with cage changing is responsible for the observed growth inhibiting effect.
description: Scandinavian Journal of Laboratory Animal Sciences, Vol. 16 No. 3 (1989)
A IMPRESSÃO 3D NA CONFECÇÃO DE ÓRTESES E PRÓTESES PARA AS PESSOAS COM DEFICIÊNCIA FÍSICA NOS CENTROS DE REABILITAÇÃO: REVISÃO DE ESCOPO.
Creators: name: Cruz, Vanessa Vianna
name: Juarez De Souza Pereira
name: Da Silva Monteiro, Ricardo
name: XAVIER, AMANDA SARKIS MOOR SANTOS
name: Wiliam César Alves Machado
name: Hilmara Da Silva Ferreira
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2023

description: O presente protocolo de revisão de escopo cumpre identificar como tem sido empregada a impressão 3D para a confecção de órteses e próteses para as pessoas com deficiência física nos Centros de Reabilitação. A partir do preconizado pela diretriz do Joanna Briggs Institutr (JBI), pretende-se através deste protocolo sistematizar rigorosamente todo o percorrer metodológico, seguindo checklist do instrumento PRISMA Extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR).
Die Agenda 2030 und das Ziel der Geschlechtergleichstellung. Europäische Ansätze im Vergleich
Creators: name: Reich, Nele
Publisher: name: Institut für Sozialarbeit und Sozialpädagogik e. V., Beobachtungsstelle für gesellschaftspolitische Entwicklungen in Europa
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Gleichstellung
subject: Geschlechtergleichstellung
subject: Nachhaltigkeit
subject: 301 Soziologie, Anthropologie
subject: Agenda 2030
subject: Nachhaltigkeitsziele
subject: SDG

description: Die Verantwortung für die Umsetzung der Agenda 2030 für nachhaltige Entwicklung und ihrer 17 Nachhaltigkeitsziele liegt auf der nationalen Ebene. Die Staaten stehen daher vor der Aufgabe, die Ziele in konkrete Maßnahmen umzuwandeln. Ziel 5 der Agenda 2030 adressiert die Geschlechtergleichstellung. In ihrer Arbeit vergleicht die Beobachtungsstelle die Ansätze zur Umsetzung dieses Ziels in Deutschland, Estland und Schweden.
Exploring Multi-Modal Distributions with Nested Sampling
Creators: name: Feroz, F.
name: Skilling, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: Computation (stat.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In performing a Bayesian analysis, two difficult problems often emerge. First, in estimating the parameters of some model for the data, the resulting posterior distribution may be multi-modal or exhibit pronounced (curving) degeneracies. Secondly, in selecting between a set of competing models, calculation of the Bayesian evidence for each model is computationally expensive using existing methods such as thermodynamic integration. Nested Sampling is a Monte Carlo method targeted at the efficient calculation of the evidence, but also produces posterior inferences as a by-product and therefore provides means to carry out parameter estimation as well as model selection. The main challenge in implementing Nested Sampling is to sample from a constrained probability distribution. One possible solution to this problem is provided by the Galilean Monte Carlo (GMC) algorithm. We show results of applying Nested Sampling with GMC to some problems which have proven very difficult for standard Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) and down-hill methods, due to the presence of large number of local minima and/or pronounced (curving) degeneracies between the parameters. We also discuss the use of Nested Sampling with GMC in Bayesian object detection problems, which are inherently multi-modal and require the evaluation of Bayesian evidence for distinguishing between true and spurious detections.
description: Refereed conference proceeding, presented at 32nd International Workshop on Bayesian Inference and Maximum Entropy Methods in Science and Engineering
title: The 2030 Agenda and the Goal of Gender Equality
title: European Approaches in Comparison
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Reich, Nele
Publisher: name: Institut für Sozialarbeit und Sozialpädagogik e. V., Beobachtungsstelle für gesellschaftspolitische Entwicklungen in Europa
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Gleichstellungspolitik
subject: Nachhaltigkeit
subject: 301 Soziologie, Anthropologie
subject: Agenda 2030
subject: SDG
subject: United Nations

description: The member states of the United Nations are responsible for implementing the 2030 Agenda and its Sustainable Development Goals, short SDGs. All member states are confronted with the task of formulating national measures to translate the SDGs into concrete action. SDG 5 addresses gender equality. The Observatory compares in its work the developments and national approaches for the implementation of this SDGs in Germany, Estonia and Sweden.
Automated analysis of oscillations in coronal bright points
Creators: name: Ramsey, Brad
name: Verwichte, Erwin
name: Morgan, Huw
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Coronal bright points (BPs) are numerous, bright, small-scale dynamical features found in the solar corona. Bright points have been observed to exhibit intensity oscillations across a wide range of periodicities and are likely an important signature of plasma heating and/or transport mechanisms. We present a novel and efficient wavelet-based method that automatically detects and tracks the intensity evolution of BPs using images from the Atmospheric Imaging Assembly (AIA) on board the Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO) in the 193Å bandpass. Through the study of a large, statistically significant set of BPs, we attempt to place constraints on the underlying physical mechanisms. We used a continuous wavelet transform (CWT) in 2D to detect the BPs within images. One-dimensional CWTs were used to analyse the individual BP time series to detect significant periodicities. We find significant periodicity at 4, 8-10, 17, 28, and 65 minutes. Bright point lifetimes are shown to follow a power law with exponent $-1.13\pm0.07$. The relationship between the BP lifetime and maximum diameter similarly follows a power law with exponent $0.129\pm0.011$. Our wavelet-based method successfully detects and extracts BPs and analyses their intensity oscillations. Future work will expand upon these methods, using larger datasets and simultaneous multi-instrument observations.
description: Accepted for publication in A&A. 10 pages, 14 figures, 4 associated movies. Movies will be available in A&A
Influence of the optical Fe II quasi-continuum on measuring the spectral parameters of active galactic nuclei
Creators: name: Popović, Luka Č.
name: Kovačević-Dojčinović, Jelena
name: Dojčinović, Ivan
name: Lakićević, Maša
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore the influence of optical Fe II quasi-continuum on the measured spectral parameters in the 4150-5500 A range for the spectra of Type 1 active galactic nuclei (AGNs). We assume that the broad line region is composed of two sub-regions: the very broad line region (VBLR) and the intermediate line region (ILR). We constructed a large set of synthetic AGN spectra by taking different portions of the VBLR and ILR contributions, where initially the VBLR and ILR model spectra were constructed on the basis of prototypes of two observed spectra with dominant VBLR (i.e. ILR) emission. To investigate the influence of the optical Fe II quasi-continuum on the AGN measured spectral parameters, we fit the power-law continuum and emission lines in a set of model spectra, as commonly done for observed AGN spectra. We then compared the spectral parameters obtained after the fitting procedure with those of the model. We find that the optical Fe II quasi-continuum can be very strong in the case of spectra with strong and very broad Fe II lines and it is difficult to fully separate it from the power-law continuum. This gives the effect of a slightly underestimated H$β$ width and underestimated fluxes of the H$β$ and Fe II lines, while the continuum flux is then slightly overestimated. The most affected spectral parameters are the line equivalent widths (EWs), especially EW Fe II, which may be strongly underestimated. We discuss the possible underlying physics in the quasar main sequence, as implied by the results of our spectral modelling. We find that the set of AGN model spectra assuming different ILR and VBLR contributions can aptly reproduce the quasar main sequence, that is, the full width at half maximum (FWHM) H$β$ versus Fe II/H$β$ anti-correlation, where both parameters in this anti-correlation are strongly dependent on the ILR and VBLR contribution rate.
description: 12 pages, 15 figures, accepted in Astronomy & Astrophysics
Effect of maternal sensitivity on infant weight status within the first year of life in exclusively formula fed infants
Creators: name: Qureshi, Hamna
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2023

description: Statement of Problem: The global prevalence of obesity has been increasing in infants. There is evidence to support that breastfeeding is a protective factor against obesity as it promotes higher maternal sensitivity to infant hunger and satiety cues. Formula feeding has been associated with lessened maternal sensitivity, higher instances of overfeeding, as well as rapid weight gain.Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine if maternal feeding sensitivity was related to energy intake and weight-for-length status in infants. Based on the literature review, it was predicted that mothers who displayed lower levels of maternal sensitivity would have infants who have a higher energy intake, resulting in a higher weight-for-length categoryMethods: A secondary data analysis was performed to examine any correlation between maternal sensitivity and feeding outcomes in the infant’s first year of life. Participants from WIC were recruited, and two-day home visits were conducted at three different time points. On the first day, interviews were conducted in which mothers were asked about feeding practices, infant activity, and fussiness. Diet recalls were also filled out by the mothers. On the second day, a trained research assistant weighed and measured the infant. The mother and the infant were observed during a feeding session and the behaviors of both were recorded using NCAST feeding scales.Results: No significant correlations between NCAST scores and kcal intake at 6-months were found. However, higher NCAST infant responsiveness at 6-months predicted lower caloric intake at 12-months. Infant weight-for-length percentile at 6-months was the only variable that was significantly predictive of infant weight for length percentile at 12-months. Conclusions: In the present study, maternal sensitivity did not play a significant role in predicting weight gain during the first year of life. Instead, higher infant responsiveness was associated with lower caloric intake. Infant weight-for-length percentile at 6 months was the only predictor of weight-for-length at 12 months. Apart from maternal sensitivity, the contribution of the infant should be given added credence when examining the factors that play a role in rapid infant weight gain during the first year of life.
Reconstruction of total solar irradiance variability as simultaneously apparent from Solar Orbiter and Solar Dynamics Observatory
Creators: name: Yeo, K. L.
name: Krivova, N. A.
name: Solanki, S. K.
name: Hirzberger, J.
name: Suárez, D. Orozco
name: Albert, K.
name: Jorge, N. Albelo
name: Appourchaux, T.
name: Alvarez-Herrero, A.
name: Rodríguez, J. Blanco
name: Gandorfer, A.
name: Gutierrez-Marques, P.
name: Kahil, F.
name: Kolleck, M.
name: Iniesta, J. C. del Toro
name: Volkmer, R.
name: Woch, J.
name: Fiethe, B.
name: Pérez-Grande, I.
name: Kilders, E. Sanchis
name: Jiménez, M. Balaguer
name: Rubio, L. R. Bellot
name: Calchetti, D.
name: Carmona, M.
name: Feller, A.
name: Fernandez-Rico, G.
name: Fernández-Medina, A.
name: Parejo, P. García
name: Blesa, J. L. Gasent
name: Gizon, L.
name: Grauf, B.
name: Heerlein, K.
name: Korpi-Lagg, A.
name: Maue, T.
name: Meller, R.
name: Vacas, A. Moreno
name: Müller, R.
name: Nakai, E.
name: Schmidt, W.
name: Schou, J.
name: Sinjan, J.
name: Staub, J.
name: Strecker, H.
name: Torralbo, I.
name: Valori, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Solar irradiance variability has been monitored almost exclusively from the Earth's perspective. {We present a method to combine the unprecedented observations of the photospheric magnetic field and continuum intensity from outside the Sun-Earth line, which is being recorded by the Polarimetric and Helioseismic Imager on board the Solar Orbiter mission (SO/PHI), with solar observations recorded from the Earth's perspective to examine the solar irradiance variability from both perspectives simultaneously.} Taking SO/PHI magnetograms and continuum intensity images from the cruise phase of the Solar Orbiter mission and concurrent observations from the Helioseismic and Magnetic Imager onboard the Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO/HMI) as input into the SATIRE-S model, we successfully reconstructed the total solar irradiance variability as apparent from both perspectives. In later stages of the SO mission, the orbital plane will tilt in such a way as to bring the spacecraft away from the ecliptic to heliographic latitudes of up to $33^{\circ}$. The current study sets the template for the reconstruction of solar irradiance variability as seen from outside the ecliptic from data that SO/PHI is expected to collect from such positions. {Such a reconstruction will be beneficial to factoring inclination into how the brightness variations of the Sun compare to those of other cool stars, whose rotation axes are randomly inclined.
The value of anaesthetic steroids alphaxolonealphadolone in pregnant mice
Creators: name: Rank, J.
name: Jensen, A. G.
Publisher: name: Scandinavian Journal of Laboratory Animal Sciences
Year: 2019

description: Thiopentone, pentobarbitone, diazepam and alphaxolone-alphadolone were evaluated as anaesthetic agents in pregnant mice. Incidence of mortality was: Thiopentone 15%, pentobarbitone 13%, diazepam 8%, and alphaxolone-alphadolone 0%. Besides the low mortality, alphaxolone-alphadolone also distinguished by showing no side-effeets at all, neither to the dams nor to the fetuses, and it is recommended as an excellent anaesthetic in pregnant mice.
description: Scandinavian Journal of Laboratory Animal Sciences, Vol. 16 No. 3 (1989)
Nonlinear MPC design for incrementally ISS systems with application to GRU networks
Creators: name: Bonassi, Fabio
name: La Bella, Alessio
name: Farina, Marcello
name: Scattolini, Riccardo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This brief addresses the design of a Nonlinear Model Predictive Control (NMPC) strategy for exponentially incremental Input-to-State Stable (ISS) systems. In particular, a novel formulation is devised, which does not necessitate the onerous computation of terminal ingredients, but rather relies on the explicit definition of a minimum prediction horizon ensuring closed-loop stability. The designed methodology is particularly suited for the control of systems learned by Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs), which are known for their enhanced modeling capabilities and for which the incremental ISS properties can be studied thanks to simple algebraic conditions. The approach is applied to Gated Recurrent Unit (GRU) networks, providing also a method for the design of a tailored state observer with convergence guarantees. The resulting control architecture is tested on a benchmark system, demonstrating its good control performances and efficient applicability.
description: {\copyright} 2023. This manuscript version is made available under the CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). This manuscript has been accepted for publication at Elsevier Automatica. Please cite the published article instead of this manuscript
Compensation of anisotropy effects in the generation of two-photon light
Creators: name: Cavanna, Andrea
name: Pérez, Angela M.
name: Just, Felix
name: Chekhova, Maria V.
name: Leuchs, Gerd
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyse a method to compensate for anisotropy effects in the spatial distribution of parametric down-conversion (PDC) radiation in bulk crystals. In this method, a single nonlinear crystal is replaced by two consecutive crystals with opposite transverse walk-off directions. We implement a simple numerical model to calculate the spatial distribution of intensity and correlations, as well as the Schmidt mode structure, with an account for the anisotropy. Experimental results are presented which prove the validity of both the model and the method.
description: 9 pages, 8 figures
German and international studies on SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence
Creators: name: Poethko-Müller, Christina
name: Prütz, Franziska
name: Buttmann-Schweiger, Nina
name: Fiebig, Julia
name: Sarganas, Giselle
name: Seeling, Stefanie
name: Thamm, Roma
name: Baumann, Jan
name: Hamouda, Osamah
name: Offergeld, Ruth
name: Schaade, Lars
name: Lampert, Thomas
name: Neuhauser, Hannelore
Publisher: name: Robert Koch-Institut
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Seroepidemiological Studies
subject: Antibodies
subject: SARS-COV-2
subject: Seroprevalence
subject: Infectious Disease Epidemiology
subject: 610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Since the beginning of the year 2020, the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus has spread globally at a tremendous pace. Studies on the prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in the population help estimate the number of people that have already been infected. They also allow an estimate of the number of undetected infections i.e. infections that do not appear in data on officially reported cases. The interpretation of study results needs to consider bias from selective sampling and the diagnostic test properties. To promote networking and co-operation between scientists, the Robert Koch Institute has compiled an overview of the seroepidemiological studies conducted in Germany on its website, which is regularly updated. The RKI conducts searches, for example of press releases, study registry entries or preprint server publications, and contacts the lead investigators of these studies. Of the 40 studies contacted so far, 24 have already provided information (as of 25.06.2020). We can differentiate between studies of the general population, of selected population groups such as healthcare workers, or of ongoing cohorts. This article provides an overview of such studies from Germany, but also of selected international studies. A special focus is set on studies of children and adolescents, which are now of particular interest due to the planned reopening of childcare facilities and schools.
Dynamical Transition and Heterogeneous Hydration Dynamics in RNA
Creators: name: Yoon, Jeseong
name: Lin, Jong-Chin
name: Hyeon, Changbong
name: Thirumalai, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Biomolecules (q-bio.BM)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Enhanced dynamical fluctuations of RNAs, facilitated by a network of water molecules with strong interactions with RNA, are suspected to be critical in their ability to respond to a variety of cellular signals. Using atomically detailed molecular dynamics simulations at various temperatures of purine (adenine)- and preQ$_1$ sensing riboswitch aptamers, we show that water molecules in the vicinity of RNAs undergo complex dynamics depending on the local structures of the RNAs. The overall lifetimes of hydrogen bonds (HBs) of surface bound waters are more than at least 1-2 orders of magnitude longer than bulk water. Slow hydration dynamics, revealed in non-Arrhenius behavior of the relaxation time, arises from high activation barriers to break water hydrogen bonds with a nucleotide and by reduced diffusion of water. The relaxation kinetics at specific locations in the two RNAs show a broad spectrum of time scales reminiscent of glass-like behavior, suggesting that the hydration dynamics is highly heterogeneous. Both RNAs undergo dynamic transition at $T = T_D \gtrsim 200$ K as assessed by the mean square fluctuation of hydrogen atoms $\langle x^2\rangle$, which undergoes an abrupt harmonic-to-anharmonic transition at $T_D$. The near universal value of $T_D$ found for these RNAs and previously for tRNA is strongly correlated with changes in hydration dynamics as $T$ is altered. Hierarchical dynamics of waters associated with the RNA surface, revealed in the motions of distinct classes of water with well-separated time scales, reflects the heterogeneous local environment on the molecular surface of RNA. At low temperatures slow water dynamics predominates over structural transitions. Our study demonstrates that the complex interplay of dynamics between water and local environment in the RNA structures could be a key determinant of the functional activities of RNA.
description: 14 pages, 5 figures
Neue Autorität nach Haim Omer im Schulheim Friedheim in Bubikon. Umsetzung des Konzepts und dessen Einfluss auf die Zusammenarbeit der Mitarbeitenden
Creators: name: Gutmann, Seraina
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Sonderpädagogik
Masterarbeit
Neue Autorität
Bubikon

description: Die vorliegende Arbeit befasst sich mit der Umsetzung des Konzepts der Neuen Autorität nach Haim Omer am Schulheim Friedheim in Bubikon. In dieser qualitativen Forschungsarbeit wurden Mitarbeitende der Institution mittels Leitfadeninterviews zu der Umsetzung des Konzepts im Zusammenhang mit ihrer Arbeit befragt. Zusätzlich wurden teilnehmende Beobachtungen durchgeführt. Die Ergebnisse der Interviews und der teilnehmenden Beobachtung wurden durch die qualitative Inhaltsanalyse strukturiert und ausgewertet. Durch die Untersuchung kann aufgezeigt werden, wie das Konzept exemplarisch im Schulheim Friedheim umgesetzt und wie die einzelnen Säulen des Konzepts angewendet werden. Ausserdem wurde sichtbar, wie das Konzept die Zusammenarbeit der Mitarbeitenden beeinflusst. Dies äussert sich vor allem im regelmässigen Austausch und der Haltung, die durch die Einführung des Konzepts entwickelt und heute gemeinsam vertreten wird.
Uncovering the MIR emission of quiescent galaxies with $JWST$
Creators: name: Blánquez-Sesé, David
name: Magdis, G. E.
name: Gómez-Guijarro, C.
name: Shuntov, M.
name: Kokorev, V.
name: Brammer, G.
name: Valentino, F.
name: Díaz-Santos, T.
name: Paspaliaris, E. -D.
name: Rigopoulou, D.
name: Hjorth, J.
name: Langeroodi, D.
name: Gobat, R.
name: Jin, S.
name: Sillassen, N. B.
name: Gillman, S.
name: Greve, T. R.
name: Lee, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a study of the mid-IR (MIR) emission of quiescent galaxies (QGs) beyond the local universe. Using deep $JWST$ imaging in the SMACS-0723 cluster field we identify a mass limited ($M_{*} >10^{9}$M$_{\odot}$) sample of intermediate redshift QGs ($0.2 5 μ$m, can be attributed to different dust continuum levels and/or the presence of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) features. The latter would indicate enhanced 11.3- and 12.7 $μ$m PAHs strengths with respect to those at 6.2- and 7.7$ μ$m, consistent with the observed spectra of local ellipticals and indicative of soft radiation fields. Finally, we augment the average UV-to-MIR spectrum of the population with cold dust and gas emission in the far-IR/mm and construct a panchromatic UV-to-radio SED that can serve as a template for the future exploration of the interstellar medium of $z>0$ QGs with ALMA and $JWST$.
description: The panchromatic QG SED has been made publicly available at http://www.georgiosmagdis.com/software
Semi-analytic calculations for extended mid-Infrared emission associated with FU Ori-type objects
Creators: name: Takami, Michihiro
name: Gu, Pin-Gao
name: Otten, Gilles
name: Delacroix, Christian
name: Liu, Sheng-Yuan
name: Wang, Shiang-Yu
name: Karr, Jennifer
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: (Aims) Near-infrared imaging polarimetry at high-angular resolutions has revealed intriguing distribution of circumstellar dust towards FU Ori-type objects (FUors). These dust grains are probably associated with either an accretion disk or an infalling envelope. Follow-up observations in the mid-infrared would lead us to a better understanding of the hierarchy of the mass accretion processes onto FUors (i.e., envelope and disk accretion), which hold keys for understanding the mechanism of their accretion outbursts and the growth of low-mass young stellar objects in general. (Method) We have developed a semi-analytic method to estimate the mid-infrared intensity distributions using the observed polarized intensity (PI) distributions in H-band (lambda=1.65 micron). We have derived intensity distributions for two FUors, FU Ori and V1735 Cyg, at three wavelengths (lambda=3.5/4.8/12 micron) for various cases, i.e. with a star or a flat compact self-luminous disk as an illuminating source; an optically thick disk or an optically thin envelope for circumstellar dust grains; and three different dust models. (Results) We have been able to obtain self-consistent results for many cases and regions, in particular when the viewing angle of the disk/envelope is zero (face-on). Our calculations suggest that the mid-infrared extended emission at the above wavelengths is dominated by the single scattering process. The contribution of thermal emission is negligible unless we add an additional heating mechanism such as adiabatic heating in spiral structures and/or fragments. The uncertain nature of the central illuminating source, the distribution of circumstellar dust grains and the optical properties of dust grains yield uncertainties in the intensity levels on orders of magnitude, e.g., 20-800, for the disk/envelope aspect ratios of ~0.2 and lambda=3-13 micron.
description: 23 pages, 24 figures, 11 tables, accepted by Astronomy & Astrophysics, Reproduced with permission from Astronomy & Astrophysics, copyright ESO
Improved Hubble Space Telescope Proper Motions for Tycho-G and Other Stars in the Remnant of Tycho's Supernova 1572
Creators: name: Bedin, L. R.
name: Ruiz-Lapuente, P.
name: Hernandez, J. I. Gonzalez
name: Canal, R.
name: Filippenko, A. V.
name: Mendez, J.
name: .
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: With archival and new Hubble Space Telescope observations we have refined the space-velocity measurements of the stars in the central region of the remnant of Tycho's supernova (SN) 1572, one of the historical Galactic Type Ia supernova remnants (SNRs). We derived a proper motion for Tycho-G of (mu_RA_cos_dec;mu_dec)=(-2.63;-3.98)+/-(0.06;0.04)[formal errors]+/-(0.18;0.10)[expected errors] mas/yr. We also reconstruct the binary orbit that Tycho-G should have followed if it were the surviving companion of SN 1572. We redetermine the Ni abundance of this star and compare it with new abundance data from stars of the Galactic disk, finding that [Ni/Fe] is about 1.7 sigma above the Galactic trend. From the high velocity (v_b = -50+/-14 km/s) of Tycho-G perpendicular to the Galactic plane, its metallicity, and its Ni excess, we find the probability of its being a chance interloper to be P < 0.00037 at most. The projected rotational velocity of the star should be below current observational limits. The projected position of Tycho-G is, within the uncertainties, consistent with the centroid of the X-ray emission of Tycho's SNR; moreover, its brightness is generally consistent with the post-explosion evolution of the luminosity of a SN companion. Among the other 23 stars having V<22 mag and located within 42 arcsec from the X-ray centroid, only 4 are at distances compatible with that of the SNR, and none of them shows any peculiarity. Therefore, if even Tycho-G is not the surviving companion of SN 1572, the absence of other viable candidates does favor the merging of two white dwarfs as the producer of the SN.
description: 20 pages, 13 figures (3 at low resolution), 3 tables. Accepted for publication in MNRAS on December 18, 2013
Localized Surface Plasmon Resonance in SnS:Ag Nano-composite Films
Creators: name: Jain, Priyal
name: Arun, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Nano-composite films of Tin Sulfide (SnS) and silver (Ag) fabricated by thermal evaporation showed two prominent peaks in the visible region of their extinction spectra. Theoretical modeling of the extinction spectra suggest that these two peaks (500 nm and 580 nm) correspond to the longitudinal mode (LM) and transverse mode (TM) surface plasmon resonance peaks arising from oblate silver nano-particles. Using grain size of silver and SnS obtained from structural and morphological characterizations of the samples and dielectric constants as per actuals, we have compared the experimental results with those from theory. The study shows that silver nano-particles efficiently scatters light and can be used for developing plasmonic based SnS solar cells with improved efficiencies.
description: 9 pages and 9 figures
Unconditionally secure relativistic multi-party biased coin flipping and die rolling.
Creators: name: Pitalúa-García, Damián
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021
Subjects: coin flipping
die rolling
multi-party
quantum cryptography
relativistic cryptography
unconditional security

description: We introduce relativistic multi-party biased die-rolling protocols, generalizing coin flipping to M ≥ 2 parties and to N ≥ 2 outcomes for any chosen outcome biases and show them unconditionally secure. Our results prove that the most general random secure multi-party computation, where all parties receive the output and there is no secret input by any party, can be implemented with unconditional security. Our protocols extend Kent's (Kent A. 1999 Phys. Rev. Lett. 83, 5382) two-party unbiased coin-flipping protocol, do not require any quantum communication, are practical to implement with current technology and to our knowledge are the first multi-party relativistic cryptographic protocols.
Condensation in stochastic mass transport models: beyond the zero-range process
Creators: name: Evans, M. R.
name: Waclaw, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider an extension of the zero-range process to the case where the hop rate depends on the state of both departure and arrival sites. We recover the misanthrope and the target process as special cases for which the probability of the steady state factorizes over sites. We discuss conditions which lead to the condensation of particles and show that although two different hop rates can lead to the same steady state, they do so with sharply contrasting dynamics. The first case resembles the dynamics of the zero-range process, whereas the second case, in which the hop rate increases with the occupation number of both sites, is similar to instantaneous gelation models. This new "explosive" condensation reveals surprisingly rich behaviour, in which the process of condensate's formation goes through a series of collisions between clusters of particles moving through the system at increasing speed. We perform a detailed numerical and analytical study of the dynamics of condensation: we find the speed of the moving clusters, their scattering amplitude, and their growth time. We finally show that the time to reach steady state decreases with the size of the system.
description: 31 pages, 14 figures, submitted to J. Phys. A
Technical note Communication: Frequency ofchanging solid-walled cages does not affect pentobarbitone-induced sleeping time in rats and mice
Creators: name: Wizkam', A. C. P.
name: Van Tintelen, G.
name: Beynen, A. C.
Publisher: name: Scandinavian Journal of Laboratory Animal Sciences
Year: 2019

description: The effects on pentobarbitone-induced sleeping time of daily cage changing or once every three days versus no changing for 15 days, was investigated in mice and rats, respectively. The animals were housed individually in cages with solid ﬂoors and a layer of wood shavings as bedding. Sleeping times were not affected by the frequency of cage changing.
description: Scandinavian Journal of Laboratory Animal Sciences, Vol. 16 No. 4 (1989)