cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Strategies for practical advantage of fault-tolerant circuit design in noisy trapped-ion quantum computers
Creators: name: Heußen, Sascha
name: Postler, Lukas
name: Rispler, Manuel
name: Pogorelov, Ivan
name: Marciniak, Christian D.
name: Monz, Thomas
name: Schindler, Philipp
name: Müller, Markus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Fault-tolerant quantum error correction provides a strategy to protect information processed by a quantum computer against noise which would otherwise corrupt the data. A fault-tolerant universal quantum computer must implement a universal gate set on the logical level in order to perform arbitrary calculations to in principle unlimited precision. We characterize the recent demonstration of a fault-tolerant universal gate set in a trapped-ion quantum computer [Postler et al. Nature 605.7911 (2022)] and identify aspects to improve the design of experimental setups to reach an advantage of logical over physical qubit operation. We show that various criteria to assess the break-even point for fault-tolerant quantum operations are within reach for the ion trap quantum computing architecture under consideration. We analyze the influence of crosstalk in entangling gates for logical state preparation circuits. These circuits can be designed to respect fault tolerance for specific microscopic noise models. We find that an experimentally-informed depolarizing noise model captures the essential noise dynamics of the fault-tolerant experiment, and crosstalk is negligible in the currently accessible regime of physical error rates. For deterministic Pauli state preparation, we provide a fault-tolerant unitary logical qubit initialization circuit, which can be realized without in-sequence measurement and feed-forward of classical information. We show that non-deterministic state preparation schemes for logical Pauli and magic states perform with higher logical fidelity over their deterministic counterparts for the current and anticipated future regime of physical error rates. Our results offer guidance on improvements of physical qubit operations and validate the experimentally-informed noise model as a tool to predict logical failure rates in quantum computing architectures based on trapped ions.
description: 36 pages, 26 figures
Entanglement evolution of two qubits under noisy environments
Creators: name: Li, Jun-Gang
name: Zou, Jian
name: Shao, Bin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The entanglement evolution of two qubits under local, single- and two- sided noisy channels is investigated. It is found that for all pure initial states, the entanglement under a one-sided noisy channel is completely determined by the maximal trace distance which is the main element to construct the measure of non-Markovianity. For the two-sided noisy channel case, when the qubits are initially prepared in a general class of states, no matter pure or mixed, the entanglement can be expressed as the products of initial entanglement and the channels' action on the maximally entangled state.
description: 5 pages,1 figure
An Incremental Inverse Reinforcement Learning Approach for Motion Planning with Separated Path and Velocity Preferences
Creators: name: Avaei, Armin
name: van der Spaa, Linda
name: Peternel, Luka
name: Kober, Jens
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Humans often demonstrate diverse behaviors due to their personal preferences, for instance, related to their individual execution style or personal margin for safety. In this paper, we consider the problem of integrating both path and velocity preferences into trajectory planning for robotic manipulators. We first learn reward functions that represent the user path and velocity preferences from kinesthetic demonstration. We then optimize the trajectory in two steps: first the path and then the velocity, to produce trajectories that adhere to both task requirements and user preferences. We design a set of parameterized features that capture the fundamental preferences in a pick-and-place type of object-transportation task, both in shape and timing of the motion. We demonstrate that our method is capable of generalizing such preferences to new scenarios. We implement our algorithm on a Franka Emika 7-DoF robot arm, and validate the functionality and flexibility of our approach in a user study. The results show that non-expert users are able to teach the robot their preferences with just a few iterations of feedback.
description: 14 pages, 12 figures, 2 tables, associated video: https://youtu.be/hhL5-Lpzj4M
Simulating Strongly Correlated Quantum Systems with Tree Tensor Networks
Creators: name: Murg, Valentin
name: Legeza, Örs
name: Noack, Reinhard M.
name: Verstraete, Frank
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a tree-tensor-network-based method to study strongly correlated systems with nonlocal interactions in higher dimensions. Although the momentum-space and quantum-chemistry versions of the density matrix renormalization group (DMRG) method have long been applied to such systems, the spatial topology of DMRG-based methods allows efficient optimizations to be carried out with respect to one spatial dimension only. Extending the matrix-product-state picture, we formulate a more general approach by allowing the local sites to be coupled to more than two neighboring auxiliary subspaces. Following Shi. et. al. [Phys. Rev. A, 74, 022320 (2006)], we treat a tree-like network ansatz with arbitrary coordination number z, where the z=2 case corresponds to the one-dimensional scheme. For this ansatz, the long-range correlation deviates from the mean-field value polynomially with distance, in contrast to the matrix-product ansatz, which deviates exponentially. The computational cost of the tree-tensor-network method is significantly smaller than that of previous DMRG-based attempts, which renormalize several blocks into a single block. In addition, we investigate the effect of unitary transformations on the local basis states and present a method for optimizing such transformations. For the 1-d interacting spinless fermion model, the optimized transformation interpolates smoothly between real space and momentum space. Calculations carried out on small quantum chemical systems support our approach.
What helps, hinders, and might help police officers maintain a broad identity
Creators: name: Conn, Stephanie Marie
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2015

description: The researcher used the Enhanced Critical Incident Technique (ECIT) to examine what helps, hinders, and might help police officers to maintain a broad identity. For this study, broad identity refers to enjoying a range of occupational, social, and personal roles. The findings contribute to work-life balance literature with an identification of what might help officers to maintain balance. Twenty-one police officers from across Canada and the United States were interviewed to explore their perspective as to what factors impacted their ability to maintain multiple life roles. Analysis of participant responses resulted in the identification of 400 critical incidents, 221 helping, 126 hindering, and 53 wish list items, forming 23 categories. Implications for future research are discussed. Implications for counselling and police organizational practices include supporting police and their families in fortifying other life roles and managing role conflicts.
title: USU STARS! GEAR UP: Fall 2018 to Spring 2019
Creators: name: Dickamore, Erik
name: Hagman, Amanda M.
name: Reiter, Doug
name: Dorward, Jim
name: Colver, Mitchell
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2020

description: Gaining Early Awareness and Readiness for Undergraduate Programs (GEAR UP) is a federally funded program designed to prepared secondary students for college. USU has received several of these competitive grants to work with middle and high school students throughout Utah. This analysis explores how GEAR Up students utilized services. Use patterns were regressed on college enrollment. METHODS: Latent profile analysis (LPA) is a powerful tool for uncovering common response patterns across multiple continuous variables. Following the LPA, the common response patterns were regressed on post-secondary enrollment. FINDINGS: The latent profile analysis exposed 4 well-defined use patterns across the GEAR UP services. Profiles were differentially associated with college enrollment post-graduation from high school. The profile named Preppers, defined by high use of College & Career and Advising services and Family Involvement, was associated with increased college enrollment. Future directions are discussed.
title: Exploratory Advising Impact Report: Spring 2016 to Spring 2019
Creators: name: Hagman, Amanda M.
name: Beorchia, Mykel
name: Hamblin, Stephanie
name: Colver, Mitchell
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2019

description: Academic advising performs a pivotal contribution to student success by providing information about univeristy expectations and avenues towards graduation. Exploratory student advising has the additional task of supporting students in major selection. This analysis investigated the relationship between academic advising and student persistence for exploratory students to better understand the impact of current advising practices. METHODS: Exploratory academic advisors met with an average 53% of exporatory students each semester. Students with a record of meeting with an academic advisor were compared to similar exploratory students who did not. Students were compared using prediction-based propensity score matching. Students who met with an advisor were matched with students who did not based on their persistence predication and their propensity to participate. The groups were compared using difference-in-difference testing (DID). FINDINGS: Students were 99% similar following matching. Students who met with an academic advisor were significantly more likely to persist at USU than similar students who did not (DID = 0.099, p < .001). The unstandardized effect size can be estimated through student impact. It is estimated that academic advising assisted in retaining 91 (CI: 74 to 107) exploratory students each year who were otherwise not expected to persist.
Ugandan students' perspectives on the spread and prevention of hiv/aids : cultural practices and education
Creators: name: Namazzi, Elizabeth B.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2015

description: My study investigated perspectives that underlie Ugandan high school students’ understandings of the spread and prevention of HIV/AIDS and how they influenced by cultural practices. I adopted an interpretive case study approach that employed mixed methods, guided by the sociocultural and practice theoretical frameworks. Data were collected on students from seven select schools in central Uganda over 12 weeks. The students participated in the study by completing an adopted HIV/AIDS knowledge questionnaire with a transformed scale from True/Fase to Likert before and after experiencing HIV/AIDS lesson instructions. The questionnaire served as a stimulus to evocation of the students’ perspectives. These perspectives were extracted from the questionnaire data using Principal Component Analysis. Results revealed five key perspectives: Perceptual and behavioural risks associated with proximity to HIV/AIDS victims; Hygienic practices; Behavioural/practice causes and transmission of HIV/AIDS; Predictive, preventive and transmissive knowledge of HIV/AIDS; and Naïve notions of prevention and treatment of HIV/AIDS. These perspectives were further interrogated through qualitative methods including classroom observation and focus group interview/discussions. After HIV/AIDS-focused lessons, a similar analysis on the after lesson questionnaire data also revealed that underlay students’ understandings of the spread and prevention of HIV/AIDS. Three of the pre-lesson perspectives persisted while two (Hygienic practices and Behavioural/practice causes and transmission of HIV/AIDS) collapsed, with two new ones (Taboo-like prescriptions of knowledge of infection) emerging in the after lesson experience analysis. Also a realization emerged among the students of the greater risk of HIV/AIDS infection if they subverted the cultural norms. It became noteworthy that the students communicated their understandings metaphorically, which often conveyed unscientific understandings about the spread and prevention of HIV/AIDS. The study’s findings have critical implications for policy and the way curricula and instruction are interpreted and enacted in the classroom.
title: Housing & Residence Life Impact Report: Fall 2017 to Spring 2018
Creators: name: Hoopes, Hayden
name: Andersen, Alan
name: Bird, Kirk
name: Bostock, John
name: Milligan, Whit
name: Hagman, Amanda M.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2019

description: Introduction: Living on campus is considered a high impact practice for student success. Student success is believed to emerge from “the amount of physical and psychological energy that the student devotes to the academic experience” (Astin, 1984), housing and residence life programming facilitates this type of devotion. However, creating this type of living experience requires administrators understand the complexities of how housing can affect specific student groups and their decision to either persist at or leave an institution. This report explores the impact of housing and residence life at Utah State University on students living on campus. It disaggregates results to identify which segments of students benefit most and it explores the impact by living community and dormitory style.
METHODS: Students who lived on campus were compared to similar students who did not live on campus. They were compared using prediction-based propensity score matching. This technique matched students who lived on campus with non-users based on their persistence prediction and their propensity to participate. The difference between predicted and actual persistence rates were compared using difference-in-difference testing. FINDINGS: Students were 98% similar following matching. Those who lived on campus were significantly more likely to persist at USU than similar students who did not live on campus, (DID = 0.0119, p < .001). The unstandardized effect size can be estimated through student impact. It is estimated that housing assisted in retaining 46 (CI: 21 – 71) students each year who were otherwise not expected to persist.
Coherent Organizational States in Turbulent Pipe Flow at moderate Reynolds numbers
Creators: name: Jäckel, R.
name: Magacho, B.
name: Owolabi, B. E.
name: Moriconi, L.
name: Dennis, D. J. C.
name: Loureiro, J. B. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Turbulent pipe flow is still an essentially open area of research, boosted in the last two decades by considerable progress achieved both on the experimental and numerical frontiers, mainly related to the identification and characterization of coherent structures as basic building blocks of turbulence. It has been a challenging task, however, to detect and visualize these coherent states. We address, by means of stereoscopic particle image velocimetry, that issue with the help of a large diameter (6 inches) pipe loop, which allowed us to probe for coherent states at various moderate Reynolds numbers (5300 < Re < 29000)). Although these states have been observed at flow regimes around laminar-turbulent transition (Re $\approx$ 2300) and also at high Reynolds number pipe flow (Re $\approx$ 35000), at moderate Reynolds numbers their existence had not been observed yet by experiment. By conditionally averaging the flow fields with respect to their dominant azimuthal wavenumber of streamwise velocity streaks, we have been able to uncover the existence of ten well-defined coherent flow patterns. It turns out, as a remarkable phenomenon, that their occurrence probabilities and the total number of dominant modes do not essentially change as the Reynolds number is varied. Their occurrence probabilities are noted to be reasonably well described by a Poisson distribution, which suggests that low-speed streaks are created as a Poisson process on the pipe circular geometry.
description: 9 pages, 14 Figures
Learn and Don't Forget: Adding a New Language to ASR Foundation Models
Creators: name: Qian, Mengjie
name: Tang, Siyuan
name: Ma, Rao
name: Knill, Kate M.
name: Gales, Mark J. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Audio and Speech Processing (eess.AS)
subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Sound (cs.SD)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Foundation ASR models often support many languages, e.g. 100 languages in Whisper. However, there has been limited work on integrating an additional, typically low-resource, language, while maintaining performance on the original language set. Fine-tuning, while simple, may degrade the accuracy of the original set. We compare three approaches that exploit adaptation parameters: soft language code tuning, train only the language code; soft prompt tuning, train prepended tokens; and LoRA where a small set of additional parameters are optimised. Elastic Weight Consolidation (EWC) offers an alternative compromise with the potential to maintain performance in specific target languages. Results show that direct fine-tuning yields the best performance for the new language but degrades existing language capabilities. EWC can address this issue for specific languages. If only adaptation parameters are used, the language capabilities are maintained but at the cost of performance in the new language.
description: Proceedings of Interspeech
Applications of Mitsunobu Reaction in total synthesis of natural products
Creators: name: Mommahed Heravi, Majid
name: Ghalavand, Nastaran
name: Ghanbarian, Manizheh
name: Mohammadkhani, Leyla
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 30302 Nanochemistry and Supramolecular Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 30502 Natural Products Chemistry
subject: 30205 Non-metal Chemistry
subject: Nuclear Chemistry
subject: 30503 Organic Chemical Synthesis
subject: 30303 Optical Properties of Materials
subject: 30599 Organic Chemistry not elsewhere classified
subject: Organic Chemistry
subject: 30504 Organic Green Chemistry

description: The Mitsunobu Reaction allows the conversion of primary and secondary alcohols to esters, phenyl ethers, thioethers and some other compounds. The nucleophile employed should be acidic, since one of the reagents, diethylazodicarboxylate (DEAD) must be protonated during the course of the reaction, preventing from the formation of unwanted side products. In this review, we try to focus on the scope and preparative synthetic applications of Mitsunobu reaction as a key step in the total synthesis of biologically active natural products.
title: Student Involvement & Leadership Center: Impact Report Spring 2015 to Fall 2018
Creators: name: Dickamore, Erik
name: Hagman, Amanda M.
name: Bitner, Spencer
name: Laursen, Nathan
name: Colver, Mitchell
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2019

description: Leadership and involvement programs are an integral part of the student experience on University campuses. Volunteers and scholars within leadership and involvement serve their peers by providing rewarding events that unify the student body. Volunteers and scholars also benefit through opportunities for personal exploration and growth. Working with SILC allows students to serve and lead in a unique way. This report explored the association between student participation in leadership and involvement programs, and student persistence to the next term at Utah State University. METHODS: Students participation was captured by rosters across all SILC programs. Students who had a record of participation were compared to similar students who did not have a record of participation. Similar students were identified through prediction-based propensity score matching. Students were matched based on their persistence prediction and their propensity to participate. FINDINGS: Students were 99% similar following matching. Participating and comparison students were compared using difference-in-difference testing. Students who participated in SILC programs were significantly more likely to persist at USU than similar students who did not (DID = 0.0326, p < .001). The unstandardized effect size can be estimated through student impact. It is estimated that SILC participation assisted in retaining 12 (CI: 6 – 18) students each year who were otherwise not expected to persist.
title: Aggie Recreation Center Impact Report Fall 2015 to Spring 2019
Creators: name: Hagman, Amanda M.
name: Dickamore, Erik
name: Lawrence, Daniel
name: Colver, Mitchell
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2019

description: Recreation facilities are an integral part of the university community. The Aggie Recreation Center is a place that helps foster a well balanced student. The ARC provides students with a myriad of opportunities for recreation, exercise, and community that can support students on their academic journey. This report explored the association between ARC facility use and student persistence to the next term at Utah State University. METHODS: Students recreation center use was captured with entry log-ins as students entered the facility. Students who had a record of using the facility were compared to similar students who did not have a record of facility use. Students were compared using prediction-based propensity score matching. Students who used the recreation center were matched with non-users based on their persistence predication and their propensity to participate. FINDINGS: Students were 99% similar following matching. Participating and comparison students were compared using difference-in-difference testing. Students who access ARC resources were significantly more likely to persist at USU than similar students who did not use library resources (DID = 0.0115, p < .001). The unstandardized effect size can be estimated through student impact. It is estimated that library resources assisted in retaining 130 (CI: 87 – 173) students each year who were otherwise not expected to persist.
The pseudoscalar hadronic channel contribution of the light-by-light process to the muon (g-2) within the nonlocal chiral quark model
Creators: name: Dorokhov, A. E.
name: Radzhabov, A. E.
name: Zhevlakov, A. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The light-by-light contribution to the anomalous magnetic moment of muon (g-2)_μ from the hadronic exchanges in the neutral pseudoscalar meson channel is calculated in the nonlocal chiral quark model. The full kinematic dependence of the meson-two-photon vertices on the virtualities of the mesons and photons is taken into account. The status of various phenomenological and QCD short-distance constraints is discussed and the comparison with the predictions of other models is performed. It is demonstrated that the effect of the full kinematic dependence in the meson-photon vertices is to reduce the contribution of pseudoscalar exchages to a_μ^{PS,LbL} by approximately factor 1.5 in comparison with the most of previous estimates.
description: 11 pages, 7 figures; version for journal, minor corrections are made
title: Student Nutrition Access Center: Impact Analysis 2019
Creators: name: Hagman, Amanda M.
name: Hoopes, Hayden
name: Ault-Dyslin, Nelda
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2019

description: Introduction: Access to nutritional food items is crucial to student well-being, which in turn is crucial to student success. Student success emerges from “the amount of physical and psychological energy that the student devotes to the academic experience” (Astin, 1984). Campus nutrition programs help students eliminate food security issues so that they can devote more energy to the academic experience. However, creating efficient and convenient nutrition programs requires that administrators understand the complexities of their implementation, their effect on specific student segments, and their effect on decisions to either persist at or leave an institution. This report explores the impact of student nutrition services at Utah State University on student persistence. It also disaggregates results to identify which segments of students benefit most and explores the impact by level of use and timing. METHODS: Students who used SNAC were compared to similar students who did not use SNAC. They were compared using prediction-based propensity score matching. This technique matched students who used SNAC with non-users based on their persistence prediction and their propensity to participate. The differences between predicted and actual persistence rates were compared using difference-in-difference testing. FINDINGS: Students were 98% similar following matching. Analysis of the matched group revealed that those who participated in SNAC were significantly more likely to persist at USU than similar students who did not participate in SNAC, (DID = 0.0156, p < .05). The unstandardized effect size can be estimated through student impact. It is estimated that SNAC assisted in retaining 18 (CI: 2 to 34) students each year who were otherwise not expected to persist.
title: Aggie First Scholars: A Quality Workforce Initiative for Promoting First-Generation Student Success
Creators: name: Hagman, Amanda M.
name: Louviere, John
name: Kesler, Heidi
name: Beorchia, Mykel
name: Simmons, Lisa
name: Colver, Mitchell
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2020

description: Introduction: First-generation students lag behind continuing-generation peers in terms of graduation rates and average time to graduation. This phenomenon has been extensively studied in higher education with the intent of closing the gap seen between generational statuses. Utah State University provides services to support first-generation students. In the 2018/2019 academic year, USU initiative a full-kit initiative to help first-generation student participate in several proven first-year student milestones. This report explores the impact of full-kit use of services and the individual impact of each service on first-generation student persistence. METHODS: Students who self-identified as first-generation on their USU application were invited to participate in the Aggie First Scholars (AFS) program. AFS was developed to support first-generation students during their first academic year through peer mentoring. The program developed a full-kit of services believed to support first-year success. These programs included Complete a FAFSA Meet with an advisor Initiate a degree plan Participate in Connections Complete orientation modules Additionally, students could have one-on-one or group meetings with a mentor. Students level of participation in the various programs was assessed for its impact on student persistence. AFS students were compared to similar students through prediction-based propensity score matching. This technique matched participating students with non-participants based on their persistence prediction and their propensity to participate. The differences between predicted and actual persistence rates were compared using difference-in-difference testing. FINDINGS: Students who participated in at least 4 of the AFS full-kit services were more likely to persist to the next term. Peer mentoring emerged as a significant single milestone for first-generation students.
Magnetic, Optoelectronic, and Rietveld refined structural properties of Al3+ substituted nanocrystalline Ni-Cu spinel ferrites: An experimental and DFT based study
Creators: name: Hasan, N.
name: Nishat, S. S.
name: Sadman, S.
name: Shaown, M. R.
name: Hoquee, M. A.
name: Arifuzzaman, M.
name: Kabir, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The nanocrystalline Ni0.7Cu0.3AlxFe2-xO4 (x=0.00: 0.02: 0.10) is prepared through the sol-gel autocombustion route.Both XRD and Rietveld confirm the single-phase cubic spinel structure of the investigated materials.Other structural parameters refined by the Rietveld refinement analysis are corroborated to single-phase cubic spinel formation of the NPs.Leveraging a vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) the consequence of Al3+ substitution on the magnetic parameters is studied.The saturation magnetization (MS) and Bohr magneton are found to decrease with Al3+ substitution.The Remanence ratio and coercivity (HC) are observed to be very low suggesting the materials are soft ferromagnetic.First-principle calculations were carried out using the density functional theory (DFT) to demonstrate the optoelectronic behavior of the materials.The electronic bandgap is found low as Eg=2.99eV for the explored materials with observing defect states at 0.62eV.The optoelectronic properties of Al3+ substituted Ni-Cu ferrite NPs have been characterized through the DFT simulation for the first time, demonstrating their potentiality for optoelectronic device applications.The materials' optical anisotropy is observed along the x-axis, which manifests their tunability through light-matter interaction.
Sparsity promoting seismic imaging and full-waveform inversion
Creators: name: Li, Xiang
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2015

description: This thesis will address the large computational costs of solving least-squares migration and full-waveform inversion problems. Least-squares seismic imaging and full-waveform inversion are seismic inversion techniques that require iterative minimizations of large least-squares misfit functions. Each iteration requires an evaluation of the Jacobian operator and its adjoint, both of which require two wave-equation solves for all sources, creating prohibitive computational costs. In order to reduce costs, we utilize randomized dimensionality reduction techniques, reducing the number of sources used during inversion. The randomized dimensionality reduction techniques create subsampling related artifacts, which we mitigate by using curvelet-domain sparsity-promoting inversion techniques. Our method conducts least-squares imaging at the approximate cost of one reverse-time migration with all sources, and computes the Gauss-Newton full-waveform inversion update at roughly the cost of one gradient update with all sources. Finally, during our research of the full-waveform inversion problem, we discovered that we can utilize our method as an alternative approach to add sparse constraints on the entire velocity model by imposing sparsity constraints on each model update separately, rather than regularizing the total velocity model as typically practiced. We also observed this alternative approach yields a faster decay of the residual and model error as a function of iterations. We provided empirical arguments why and when imposing sparsity on the updates can lead to improved full-waveform inversion results.
Interdependent networks with correlated degrees of mutually dependent nodes
Creators: name: Buldyrev, Sergey V.
name: Shere, Nathaniel
name: Cwilich, Gabriel A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study a problem of failure of two interdependent networks in the case of correlated degrees of mutually dependent nodes. We assume that both networks (A and B) have the same number of nodes $N$ connected by the bidirectional dependency links establishing a one-to-one correspondence between the nodes of the two networks in a such a way that the mutually dependent nodes have the same number of connectivity links, i.e. their degrees coincide. This implies that both networks have the same degree distribution $P(k)$. We call such networks correspondently coupled networks (CCN). We assume that the nodes in each network are randomly connected. We define the mutually connected clusters and the mutual giant component as in earlier works on randomly coupled interdependent networks and assume that only the nodes which belong to the mutual giant component remain functional. We assume that initially a $1-p$ fraction of nodes are randomly removed due to an attack or failure and find analytically, for an arbitrary $P(k)$, the fraction of nodes $μ(p)$ which belong to the mutual giant component. We find that the system undergoes a percolation transition at certain fraction $p=p_c$ which is always smaller than the $p_c$ for randomly coupled networks with the same $P(k)$. We also find that the system undergoes a first order transition at $p_c>0$ if $P(k)$ has a finite second moment. For the case of scale free networks with $20$. Finally, we find that the robustness of CCN increases with the broadness of their degree distribution.
description: 18 pages, 3 figures
The EXTRA-BL4S experiment for the measurement of the energy and angular distributions of transition radiation X-rays
Creators: name: Mazziotta, M. N.
name: Loparco, F.
name: Anelli, A.
name: Belviso, M. M.
name: Buquicchio, A.
name: Cassano, E. V.
name: De Cosmo, M.
name: Ginefra, P.
name: Martulli, M. L.
name: Picci, C.
name: Picicci, D.
name: Soriano, R. D.
name: Tatulli, A. P.
name: Tripaldella, G.
name: Zupo, V. M.
name: Muscarella, M. F.
name: Turbacci, S.
name: Boselli, M.
name: Silva, C. B. da Cruz E
name: Joos, M.
name: Schütze, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have designed and implemented an experiment to measure the angular distributions and the energy spectra of the transition radiation X-rays emitted by fast electrons and positrons crossing different radiators. Our experiment was selected among the proposals of the 2021 Beamline for Schools contest, a competition for high-school students organized every year by CERN and DESY, and was performed at the DESY II Test Beam facility area TB21, using a high-purity beam of electrons or positrons with momenta in the range from 1 to 6 GeV/c. The measurements were performed using a 100 um thick silicon pixel detector, with a pitch of 55 um. Our results are consistent with the expectations from the theoretical models describing the production of transition radiation in multilayer regular radiators.
description: 18 pages, 11 figures; Version to match the accepted manuscript by JINST
Strong Variability in AzV 493, an Extreme Oe-Type Star in the SMC
Creators: name: Oey, M. S.
name: Castro, N.
name: Renzo, M.
name: Vargas-Salazar, I.
name: Suffak, M. W.
name: Ratajczak, M.
name: Monnier, J. D.
name: Szymanski, M. K.
name: Phillips, G. D.
name: Calvet, N.
name: Chiti, A.
name: Micheva, G.
name: Rasmussen, K. C.
name: Townsend, R. H. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present 18 years of OGLE photometry together with spectra obtained over 12 years, revealing that the early Oe star AzV 493 shows strong photometric (Delta I < 1.2 mag) and spectroscopic variability with a dominant, 14.6-year pattern and ~40-day oscillations. We estimate stellar parameters T_eff = 42000 K, log L/L_sun = 5.83 +/- 0.15, M/M_sun = 50 +/- 9, and vsini = 370 +/- 40 km/s. Direct spectroscopic evidence shows episodes of both gas ejection and infall. There is no X-ray detection, and it is likely a runaway star. AzV 493 may have an unseen companion on a highly eccentric (e > 0.93) orbit. We propose that close interaction at periastron excites ejection of the decretion disk, whose variable emission-line spectrum suggests separate inner and outer components, with an optically thick outer component obscuring both the stellar photosphere and the emission-line spectrum of the inner disk at early phases in the photometric cycle. It is plausible that AzV 493's mass and rotation have been enhanced by binary interaction followed by the core-collapse supernova explosion of the companion, which now could be either a black hole or neutron star. This system in the Small Magellanic Cloud can potentially shed light on OBe decretion disk formation and evolution, massive binary evolution, and compact binary progenitors.
description: 24 pages, 13 figures, 1 table. Accepted by ApJ
Cooling Atoms with a Moving One-Way Barrier
Creators: name: Schoene, Elizabeth A.
name: Thorn, Jeremy J.
name: Steck, Daniel A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We implement and demonstrate the effectiveness of a cooling scheme using a moving, all-optical, one-way barrier to cool a sample of $^{87}$Rb atoms, achieving nearly a factor of 2 reduction in temperature. The one-way barrier, composed of two focused, Gaussian laser beams, allows atoms incident on one side to transmit, while reflecting atoms incident on the other. The one-way barrier is adiabatically swept through a sample of atoms contained in a far-off-resonant, single-beam, optical dipole trap that forms a nearly harmonic trapping potential. As the barrier moves longitudinally through the potential, atoms become trapped to one side of the barrier with reduced kinetic energy. The adiabatic translation of the barrier leaves the atoms at the bottom of the trapping potential, only minimally increasing their kinetic energy.
title: University Academic Advising: Impact Analysis
Creators: name: Hagman, Amanda M.
name: Beorchia, Mykel
name: Dickamore, Erik
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2019

description: abstract: Academic advising performs a pivotal contribution to student success by providing information about university expectations and avenues towards graduation. The impact of academic advising is routinely assessed to explore its influence on student persistence. This report explores the impact of academic advising between 2016 to 2019 on student persistence to the next term. METHODS: Academic advising met with nearly 40% of students at USU each semester. Students who had a record of meeting with an academic advisor were compared to similar students who did not. Students were compared using prediction-based propensity score matching. Students who met with an advisor were matched with students who did not based on their persistence predication and their propensity to participate. The groups were compared using difference-in-difference testing (DID). FINDINGS: Students were 99% similar following matching. Students who met with an academic advisor were significantly more likely to persist at USU than similar students who did not (DID = 0.052, p < .001). The unstandardized effect size can be estimated through student impact. It is estimated that academic advising assisted in retaining 667 (CI: 618 – 715) students each year who were otherwise not expected to persist.
Modelling the migration of ice stream margins
Creators: name: Haseloff, Marianne
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2015

description: The Siple Coast ice streams are long, narrow bands of ice within the Antarctic ice sheet. They move significantly faster than the surrounding ice ridges, and therefore discharge significantly more ice. Observations suggest that their fast flow is due to sliding along a water-saturated bed, while the bed of the neighbouring ridges generally appears to be frozen. The ice stream velocities and widths vary on decadal to centennial time scales, and these variations include the migration of the ice stream margins, where the fast flow slows down to the speed of the surrounding ice. In this thesis I show that conventional thin film models, which are used to calculate the evolution of ice sheets on continental scales, are only able to reproduce the inwards migration of ice stream margins and the subsequent shutdown of an ice stream. These processes are the result of an insufficient heat dissipation and freezing at the bed. Conversely, I find that the widening of ice streams into regions where the bed is frozen can only be modelled by taking small-scale heat transfer processes in the ice stream margin into account. Previous research has shown that ice stream widening results from an interplay of heating through lateral shearing in the ice stream margin and inflow of cold ice from the adjacent ridges. However, the relative importance of the different effects on the migration speed has not yet been quantified. To account for these processes, I derive a new boundary layer model for ice stream margins. The numerical solution of this model provides the margin migration speed as a function of large-scale ice stream properties such as ice stream width, ice thickness, and geothermal heat flux. The influence of different basal boundary conditions and temperate ice properties on the margin migration velocity is also investigated. To derive a parameterization of ice stream widening that can be used in continental-scale models, I consider asymptotic solutions with high heat production rates and high advection velocities, a limit that likely applies in real ice stream margins.
Diagnosis: Diabetes : an interactive chamber opera in one act
Creators: name: Park, Michael James
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2015

description: Diagnosis: Diabetes is an interactive one-act chamber opera for five singers (soprano, mezzo-soprano, mezzo-soprano, tenor, baritone) and an instrumental quintet (flute/alto flute, B-flat Clarinet/bass clarinet, violin, cello, and piano). It is approximately 60 minutes in duration with seven scenes and no intermission. The opera tells the story of Charlie and his relationship with his diabetes. After Charlie’s parents take full responsibility for his diabetes management in childhood, the audience influences the outcome of several scenes by answering the narrator’s multiple-choice questions. The audience’s success in answering these questions dictates whether the following scene has a good or bad outcome. The music of Diagnosis: Diabetes serves to facilitate the posing of questions (from scripted musicians to live audience) and the implementation of multiple dramatic outcomes in a live performance scenario.
The effect of acute muscle tendon vibration on motor unit activity in the contralateral, more-affected limb in Parkinson’s disease
Creators: name: Larocque, Kaylee Agnes
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2015

description: Acute tendon vibration is commonly used to activate the Ia afferents though excitation of the muscle spindles; increasing excitation of the alpha motoneurons of the vibrated muscle, enhancing muscle contraction and inducing reciprocal inhibition of the antagonist muscle. Previous reports suggest that the excitatory and inhibitory effects of vibration stimulation on muscle activity can be transferred to the contralateral side of the body and that this occurs via excitation of the polysynaptic crossed-extensor reflex loop. The effect of acute tendon vibration on motor unit (MU) activity in the contralateral moreaffected side in Parkinson’s disease (PD) has not been studied. Six males and four females with mild to moderate PD severity maintained isometric elbow flexion at 5% maximum (MVC). Vibration was applied to the biceps tendon of the less-affected side and used to quantify the effect of polysynaptic Ia afferent feedback on MU properties in the contralateral biceps muscle during the 5 sec ramp, 5 sec plateau, and 5 sec deramp contraction. Twenty-nine MUs in the biceps brachii were followed. MU recruitment thresholds, derecruitment thresholds, MU discharge rates (MUDR), MU discharge rate variability (MUDRV) and force steadiness, quantified as standard deviation around a mean force, were compared across conditions (no-vibration, biceps-vibration), phases of the contraction (ramp, plateau, deramp) and between sexes. Recruitment thresholds were higher than derecruitment thresholds. MUDR was higher in females during the plateau and higher in males during the deramp phase. MUDR was also higher during the deramp phase of the no-vibration compared to the biceps-vibration condition. MUDRV was higher in males during the plateau phase of both conditions and during the deramp phase of the biceps-vibration condition. Males were steadier and had a higher PD rating score compared with females. Results suggest that vibration moderately influences MU activity in the contralateral limb in PD and that males and females with PD respond differently to vibration stimulation. These sex differences are likely due to muscle fibre characteristics or level of severity of PD between males and females.
Band gap engineering by functionalization of BN sheet
Creators: name: Bhattacharya, A.
name: Bhattacharya, S.
name: Das, G. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: From first principles calculations, we investigate the stability and physical properties of single layer h-BN sheet chemically functionalized by various groups viz. H, F, OH, CH3, CHO, CN, NH2 etc. We find that full functionalization of h-BN sheet with these groups lead to decrease in its electronic band gap, albeit to different magnitudes varying from 0.3 eV to 3.1 eV, depending upon the dopant group. Functionalization by CHO group, in particular, leads to a sharp decrease in the electronic band gap of the pristine BN sheet to ~ 0.3 eV, which is congenial for its usage in transistor based devices. The phonon calculations on these sheets show that frequencies corresponding to all their vibrational modes are real (positive), thereby suggesting their inherent stability. The chemisorption energies of these groups to the B and N atoms of the sheet are found to lie in the range of 1.5 -6 eV.
description: 15 pages, 2 figures PRB(submitted)
title: Library Services: Impact Analysis Spring 2018 to Fall 2018
Creators: name: Hagman, Amanda M.
name: Ozburn, Lindsay
name: Hoopes, Hayden
name: Dickamore, Erik
name: Cole, Bradford R.
name: Colver, Mitchell
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2020

description: Libraries are an essential element of learning on university campuses. The content housed within libraries supports academic exploration and growth. Physically, libraries are designed to provide access to materials and spaces that facilitate learning. This report explored the impact of student library resource use on student persistence to the next term.
Students' library resource use was captured with EZ Proxy log-ins and library material check-outs. Students who had a record of using library resources were compared to similar students who did not have a record of library resource use. They were compared using prediction-based propensity score matching. Students who used library resources were matched with non-users based on their persistence prediction and their propensity to participate.
Students were 98% similar following matching. Participating and com­parison students were compared using difference-in-difference testing. Those who accessed library resources were significantly more likely to persist at USU than similar students who did not use library resources (DID = 0.017, p < .001). The unstandardized effect size can be estimated through student impact. It is estimated that library resources assisted in retaining 278 (CI: 168 – 387) students each year who were otherwise not expected to persist.