cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Efficient autonomous material search method combining ab initio calculations, autoencoder, and multi-objective Bayesian optimization
Creators: name: Iwasaki, Yuma
name: Jaekyun, Hwang
name: Sakuraba, Yuya
name: Kotsugi, Masato
name: Igarashi, Yasuhiko
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Computational Biology

description: Autonomous material search systems that combine ab initio calculations and Bayesian optimization are very promising for exploring huge material spaces. Setting up an appropriate material search space is necessary for efficient autonomous material search. However, performing the autonomous search within the material space set up using the prepared descriptors is not sufficient to obtain an efficient search, which can be achieved by prioritizing specific descriptors and properties. Here, a material search system that can autonomously search the huge material space while performing multi-objective optimization that considers similarities among elements and emphasizes specific descriptors is proposed. This system has been used for a material exploration of Heusler alloys. The system has successfully proposed several candidate materials with half-metallic properties. The proposed system is very versatile and can be applied to various properties and material systems.
Effect of temperature and velocity on superlubricity
Creators: name: Ende, Joost A. van den
name: de Wijn, Astrid S.
name: Fasolino, Annalisa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the effects of temperature and sliding velocity on superlubricity in numerical simulations of the Frenkel-Kontorova model. We show that resonant excitations of the phonons in an incommensurate sliding body lead to an effective friction and to thermal equilibrium with energy distributed over the internal degrees of freedom. For finite temperature, the effective friction can be described well by a viscous damping force, with a damping coefficient that emerges naturally from the microscopic dynamics. This damping coefficient is a non-monotonic function of the sliding velocity which peaks around resonant velocities and increases with temperature. At low velocities, it remains finite and nonzero, indicating the preservation of superlubricity in the zero-velocity limit. Finally, we propose experimental systems in which our results could be verified.
Additional file 5 of Lack of systematicity in research prioritisation processes — a scoping review of evidence syntheses
Creators: name: Lund, Hans
name: Tang, Lars
name: Poulsen, Ingrid
name: la Cour, Karen
name: Bjerrum, Merete
name: Nielsen, Claus Vinther
name: Maribo, Thomas
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 5. Reference list of all 140 excluded studies based on full-text screening.
Autonomous synthesis system integrating theoretical, informatics, and experimental approaches for large-magnetic-anisotropy materials
Creators: name: Furuya, Daigo
name: Miyashita, Takuya
name: Miura, Yoshio
name: Iwasaki, Yuma
name: Kotsugi, Masato
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: We developed an autonomous and efficient system for synthesising ferromagnetic materials with large magnetocrystalline anisotropy by integrating theoretical, informatics, and experimental approaches. By combining the first-principles calculation of the magnetic anisotropy with Bayesian optimisation, we virtually screened candidate materials, comprising four elements and four-layer periods, from various magnetic multilayers. We employed the expected improvement as the acquisition function and Matern52 as the kernel function, to develop a robust machine learning model. We fabricated the top three predicted magnetic materials under laboratory conditions by monoatomic layer deposition and evaluated their magnetic anisotropy using a superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID). Ultimately, we demonstrated that [Fe/Co/Fe/Ni]13 is a novel ferromagnetic material whose magnetic anisotropy exceeds that of L10-FeNi- and L10-FeCo-type alloys. Furthermore, the origin of the perpendicular magnetic anisotropy was derived from the spin-conserving as well as the spin-flip terms. We determined that Bayesian optimisation offers promising configurability features in terms of the electronic structure that extend beyond the empirical knowledge and human intuition.
Dark Energy and Dark Matter like intrinsic curvature in extended gravity. Viability through gravitational waves
Creators: name: Corda, Christian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Towards the goal to quantize gravity, in this short review we discuss an intermediate step which consists in extending the picture of standard General Relativity by considering Extended Theories of Gravity. In this tapestry, the equations to quantize are not the standard Einstein field equations of General Relativity, but the extended Einstein field equations of such Extended Theories. The traditional relation between mass-energy and space-time curvature, which founds standard General Relativity, results modified in this new picture and, at least at the linearized approximation, variations of the space-time curvature generate the mass-energy. Various problems of the Dark Universe, Dark Energy, Dark Matter and Pioneer anomaly, can be, in principle, solved through this approach, while a definitive endorsement for Extended Theories of Gravity could arrive from the realization of a consistent gravitational wave astronomy. We also discuss the quantization of both mass-energy and space-time curvature in the early Universe by using the process of amplification of vacuum fluctuations which is connected with the primordial production of relic gravitational waves. A future detection of such relic gravitational waves will be an ultimate endorsement for the quantum rather than classical feature of the gravitational interaction.
description: 13 pages, short review commissioned and accepted for publication by New Adv. Phys. To appear in Issue 7(1) 2013 on Dark Energy
Efficient autonomous material search method combining ab initio calculations, autoencoder, and multi-objective Bayesian optimization.
Creators: name: Iwasaki, Yuma
name: Jaekyun, Hwang
name: Sakuraba, Yuya
name: Kotsugi, Masato
name: Igarashi, Yasuhiko
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Computational Biology

description: Autonomous material search systems that combine ab initio calculations and Bayesian optimization are very promising for exploring huge material spaces. Setting up an appropriate material search space is necessary for efficient autonomous material search. However, performing the autonomous search within the material space set up using the prepared descriptors is not sufficient to obtain an efficient search, which can be achieved by prioritizing specific descriptors and properties. Here, a material search system that can autonomously search the huge material space while performing multi-objective optimization that considers similarities among elements and emphasizes specific descriptors is proposed. This system has been used for a material exploration of Heusler alloys. The system has successfully proposed several candidate materials with half-metallic properties. The proposed system is very versatile and can be applied to various properties and material systems.
Jet theoretical Yang-Mills energy in the geometric dynamics of 2D-monolayer
Creators: name: Neagu, M.
name: Krylova, N. G.
name: Grushevskaya, H. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53C60, 53C80, 81T13

description: Langmuir-Blodgett films (LB-films) consist from few LB-monolayers which are high structured nanomaterials that are very promising materials for applications. We use a geometrical approach to describe structurization into LB-monolayers. Consequently, we develop on the 1-jet space J^1([0,\infty),R^2) the single-time Lagrange geometry (in the sense of distinguished (d-) connection, d-torsions and an abstract anisotropic electromagnetic-like d-field) for the Lagrangian governing the 2D-motion of a particle of monolayer. One assumed that an expansion near singular points for the constructed geometrical Lagrangian theory describe phase transitions to LB-monolayer. Trajectories of particles in a field of the electrocapillarity forces of monolayer have been calculated in a resonant approximation utilizing some Jacobi equations. A jet geometrical Yang-Mills energy is introduced and some physical interpretations are given.
description: 12 pages; A version of this paper was presented at VIII-th International Conference "Finsler Extensions of Relativity Theory", June 25 - July 1, 2012, Moscow-Fryazino, Russia
Adaptive Sampling Methods via Machine Learning for Materials Screening
Creators: name: Takahashi, Akira
name: Kumagai, Yu
name: Aoki, Hirotaka
name: Tamura, Ryo
name: Oba, Fumiyasu
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: High-throughput virtual screening by using a combination of first-principles calculations and Bayesian optimization (BO) has attracted much attention as a method for efficient materials exploration. The purpose of the virtual screening is often to search for the materials whose properties meet a certain target criterion, while the conventional BO aims to find the global extremum. Some recent works use the conventional BO by converting target properties for such motivation. On the other hand, an adaptive sampling method, where the acquisition function is based on the probability that a data point achieves a target property within a specific range, is suggested previously [Kishio et al., Chemom. Intell. Lab. Syst. 127, 70 (2013)]. In this paper, we demonstrate that such adaptive sampling is effective for the exploration of the materials whose properties meet target criteria. We conducted simulations of materials exploration using an in-house database constructed by first-principles calculations and compared the performances of the adaptive sampling and conventional BO approaches. Further, we evaluate and discuss the performances of acquisition functions extended to multi-objective problems for materials exploration considering multiple target properties simultaneously.
Generation of Dicke States with Phonon-Mediated Multi-level Stimulated Raman Adiabatic Passage
Creators: name: Noguchi, Atsushi
name: Toyoda, Kenji
name: Urabe, Shinji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We generate half-excited symmetric Dicke states of two and four ions. We use multi-level stimulated Raman adiabatic passage (STIRAP) whose intermediate states are phonon Fock states. This process corresponds to the spin squeezing operation and half-excited Dicke states are generated during multi-level STIRAP. This method does not require local access for each ion or the preparation of phonon Fock states. Furthermore, it is robust since it is an adiabatic process. We evaluate the Dicke state using a witness operator and determine the upper and lower bounds of the fidelity without using full quantum tomography.
description: 5pages, 4 figures
Statistical mechanics of the lattice sphere packing problem
Creators: name: Kallus, Yoav
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Metric Geometry (math.MG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We present an efficient Monte Carlo method for the lattice sphere packing problem in d dimensions. We use this method to numerically discover de novo the densest lattice sphere packing in dimensions 9 through 20. Our method goes beyond previous methods not only in exploring higher dimensions but also in shedding light on the statistical mechanics underlying the problem in question. We observe evidence of a phase transition in the thermodynamic limit $d\to\infty$. In the dimensions explored in the present work, the results are consistent with a first-order crystallization transition, but leave open the possibility that a glass transition is manifested in higher dimensions.
description: Final submitted manuscript
Archäologie und Geschichte des ersten Jahrtausends in Südwestdeutschland. Band 1: „Archäologie und Geschichte. Freiburger Forschungen zum ersten Jahrtausend in Südwestdeutschland“, Sigmaringen 1990
Creators: name: Luik, Martin
Publisher: name: Fundberichte aus Baden-Württemberg
Year: 2017

description: Rezension zu: Archäologie und Geschichte des ersten Jahrtausends in Südwestdeutschland. Band 1: „Archäologie und Geschichte. Freiburger Forschungen zum ersten Jahrtausend in Südwestdeutschland“ (hrsg. v. H. U. Nuber, K. Schmidt, H. Steuer und Th. Zotz). Jan Thorbecke Verlag, Sigmaringen 1990. 486 Seiten mit 110 Abbildungen und 2 Ausschlagtafeln.
description: Fundberichte aus Baden-Württemberg, Bd. 17, Nr. 1 (1992): Fundberichte aus Baden-Württemberg
Skill-agnostic analysis of reflection high-energy electron diffraction patterns for Si(111) surface superstructures using machine learning
Creators: name: Yoshinari, Asako
name: Iwasaki, Yuma
name: Kotsugi, Masato
name: Sato, Shunsuke
name: Nagamura, Naoka
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Inorganic Chemistry

description: Reflection high-energy electron diffraction (RHEED) data are important for the in-situ characterization of surface conditions during physical vapor deposition. Surface superstructures obtained by adsorbing exotic atoms onto a clean silicon surface, which exhibit various physical properties, were identified using RHEED. However, this information is too abundant for quantitative analysis; therefore, scientists rely on their expertise to interpret RHEED patterns to assess surface structures and evaluate film thickness, and a large amount of information remains unused. In this study, we adapted machine learning for a RHEED pattern dataset of a clean Si(111) surface during indium deposition in molecular-beam epitaxy growth to use the entire RHEED pattern image information and investigated appropriate machine leaning analysis methods. First, we aimed to determine RHEED pattern similarities in the dataset. Then, five structural phases, 7×7 (clean surface), √3×√3, √31×√31, 4×1, and 4×1 (Room Temperature), were automatically detected by hierarchical clustering using Ward’s method. Next, we aimed to extract the information for each surface superstructure from the dataset. Using non-negative matrix factorization, we successfully estimated the optimal forming conditions for each surface superstructure separately more accurately than the conventional methods. Our proposed strategies could be widely applied to surface structural analysis.
title: Πολυκριτήρια αξιολόγηση υπηρεσιών ηλεκτρονικής διακυβέρνησης
title: Multicritirial evaluation of e-govermant services
Creators: name: Γοντικα Αρσενια
Publisher: name: Technical University of Crete
Year: 2020

description: Στην εργασία μας προτείνουμε μία πολυκριτήρια μέθοδο αξιολόγησης των υπηρεσιών ηλεκτρονικής διακυβέρνησης
description: The present thesis proposes a multi-criteria method for evaluating e-government services
Trajectories and Distribution of Interstellar Dust Grains in the Heliosphere
Creators: name: Slavin, Jonathan D.
name: Frisch, Priscilla C.
name: Mueller, Hans-Reinhard
name: Heerikhuisen, Jacob
name: Pogorelov, Nikolai V.
name: Reach, William T.
name: Zank, Gary
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The solar wind carves a bubble in the surrounding interstellar medium (ISM), known as the heliosphere. Charged interstellar dust grains (ISDG) encountering the heliosphere may be diverted around the heliopause or penetrate it depending on their charge-to-mass ratio. We present new calculations of trajectories of ISDG in the heliosphere, and the dust density distributions that result. We include up-to-date grain charging calculations using a realistic UV radiation field and full 3-D magnetohydrodynamic fluid + kinetic models for the heliosphere. Models with two different (constant) polarities for the solar wind magnetic field (SWMF) are used, with the grain trajectory calculations done separately for each polarity. Small grains a_gr ~ 0.01 micron are completely excluded from the inner heliosphere. Large grains, a_gr ~ 1.0 micron pass into the inner solar system and are concentrated near the Sun by its gravity. Trajectories of intermediate size grains depend strongly on the SWMF polarity. When the field has magnetic north pointing to ecliptic north, the field de-focuses the grains resulting in low densities in the inner heliosphere, while for the opposite polarity the dust is focused near the Sun. The ISDG density outside the heliosphere inferred from applying the model results to in situ dust measurements is inconsistent with local ISM depletion data for both SWMF polarities, but is bracketed by them. This result points to the need to include the time variation in the SWMF polarity during grain propagation. Our results provide valuable insights for interpretation of the in situ dust observations from Ulysses.
description: 34 pages, 15 figures, Accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal
Testing General Relativity and gravitational physics using the LARES satellite
Creators: name: Ciufolini, Ignazio
name: Paolozzi, Antonio
name: Pavlis, Erricos
name: Ries, John
name: Gurzadyan, Vahe
name: Koenig, Rolf
name: Matzner, Richard
name: Penrose, Roger
name: Sindoni, Giampiero
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The discovery of the accelerating expansion of the Universe, thought to be driven by a mysterious form of `dark energy' constituting most of the Universe, has further revived the interest in testing Einstein's theory of General Relativity. At the very foundation of Einstein's theory is the geodesic motion of a small, structureless test-particle. Depending on the physical context, a star, planet or satellite can behave very nearly like a test-particle, so geodesic motion is used to calculate the advance of the perihelion of a planet's orbit, the dynamics of a binary pulsar system and of an Earth orbiting satellite. Verifying geodesic motion is then a test of paramount importance to General Relativity and other theories of fundamental physics. On the basis of the first few months of observations of the recently launched satellite LARES, its orbit shows the best agreement of any satellite with the test-particle motion predicted by General Relativity. That is, after modelling its known non-gravitational perturbations, the LARES orbit shows the smallest deviations from geodesic motion of any artificial satellite. LARES-type satellites can thus be used for accurate measurements and for tests of gravitational and fundamental physics. Already with only a few months of observation, LARES provides smaller scatter in the determination of several low-degree geopotential coefficients (Earth gravitational deviations from sphericity) than available from observations of any other satellite or combination of satellites.
Additional file 1 of Association between low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and sudden cardiac arrest in people with diabetes mellitus
Creators: name: Kim, Yun Gi
name: Jeong, Joo Hee
name: Han, Kyung-Do
name: Roh, Seung-Young
name: Min, Kyongjin
name: Lee, Hyoung Seok
name: Choi, Yun Young
name: Shim, Jaemin
name: Choi, Jong-Il
name: Kim, Young-Hoon
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. ICD-10 codes for diagnosis. Table S2. Definitions of levels of smoking, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and dyslipidemia used in this study. Table S3. Impact of LDL-cholesterol level on sudden cardiac arrest and age-divided subgroup analysis.
Jahresbericht des Römisch-Germanischen Zentralmuseums, Forschungsinstitut für Vor- und Frühgeschichte, 1997
Creators: name: Redaktion, Die
Publisher: name: Jahrbuch des Römisch-Germanischen Zentralmuseums Mainz
Year: 2018

description: Jahrbuch des Römisch-Germanischen Zentralmuseums Mainz, Bd. 44, Nr. 2 (1997)
Twistors, Harmonics and Holomorphic Chern-Simons
Creators: name: Schwab, Burkhard U. W.
name: Vergu, Cristian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that the off-shell N=3 action of N=4 super Yang-Mills can be written as a holomorphic Chern-Simons action whose Dolbeault operator is constructed from a complex-real (CR) structure of harmonic space. We also show that the local space-time operators can be written as a Penrose transform on the coset SU(3)/(U(1) \times U(1)). We observe a strong similarity to ambitwistor space constructions.
description: 34 pages, 3 figures, v2: replaced with published version, v3: Added reference
Literatur als Mechanismus der Subjektkonstitution im Fall der Schiller-Rezeption
Creators: name: Zhang, Yehong
Publisher: name: Literaturstraße. Chinesisch-deutsche Zeitschrift für Sprach- und Literaturwissenschaft
Year: 2017

description: -
description: Literaturstraße. Chinesisch-deutsche Zeitschrift für Sprach- und Literaturwissenschaft, Bd. 15 (2014)
Wargaming to Win: The Influence of Tactical Learning Centers on Military Innovation
Creators: name: Maxwell, Robert L
Publisher: name: University of Chicago
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Vietnam
subject: Military Innovation
subject: Technology
subject: Civil-Military Affairs

description: How do militaries integrate new technologies into their existing tactical arsenal? Often, militaries attempt to utilize new technology while not adjusting tactical practices. The existing literature on military innovation traditionally focuses on paradigmatic changes in strategy but misses most changes in technological innovation, which occur gradually at the tactical level. By examining cases of gradual innovation, a larger universe of cases can be captured, better explaining how militaries effectively adapt to new technology. This paper examines how militaries adapt at the tactical level by utilizing “tactical learning centers” designed to provide advanced education on particular tactical roles above and beyond traditional military vocational education to both develop a workable doctrine and diffuse this doctrine to the larger force. The study is a comparative historical case study. The two cases were the British Western Approaches Tactical Unit during the Second World War and the American Navy Fighter Weapons School during the Vietnam conflict. Findings show that the presence and utilization of these institutions increase, in relative gains terms, the efficiency of forces that are utilizing these new technologies.
Jewels on a wall ring
Creators: name: Kobayashi, Michikazu
name: Nitta, Muneto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct a stable domain wall ring with lump beads on it in a baby Skyrme model with a potential consisting of two terms linear and quadratic in fields.
description: 14 pages, 4 figures, v2: published version, v3: a version with numerical solutions converged enough
1.0 Einleitung
Creators: name: Felder, Ekkehard
name: Schwinn, Horst
name: Busse, Beatrix
name: Eichinger, Ludwig M.
name: Große, Sybille
name: Gvozdanovic, Jadranka
name: Jacob, Katharina
name: Radtke, Edgar
Publisher: name: Handbuch Europäische Sprachkritik Online
Year: 2017

description: Das Handbuch Europäische Sprachkritik Online (HESO) liefert eine vergleichende Perspektive auf Sprachkritik in europäischen Sprachkulturen. Das Handbuch ist eine periodische und mehrsprachige Online-Publikation. Zu ausgewählten Konzepten der Sprachkritik werden sukzessiv enzyklopädische Artikel veröffentlicht, die ein sprachkritisches Schlüsselkonzept betreffen und die für die europäische Perspektive von kultureller Bedeutung sind. Das Ziel ist demnach, eine Konzeptgeschichte der europäischen Sprachkritik zu präsentieren. Zum einen liefert das Handbuch einen spezifischen Blick auf die jeweiligen Sprachkulturen. Zum anderen werden diese vergleichend in den Blick genommen.
description: Handbuch Europäische Sprachkritik Online, Bd. 1 (2017): Sprachnormierung und Sprachkritik
High-throughput analysis of magnetic phase transition by combining table-top sputtering, photoemission electron microscopy, and Landau theory
Creators: name: Nishio, T.
name: Yamamoto, M.
name: Ohkochi, T.
name: Nanasawa, D.
name: Foggiatto, A.
name: Kotsugi, M.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Owing to recent advances in materials informatics, there has been increasing interest in combinatorial experimental systems for materials development. We demonstrate a novel high-throughput experiment combining compact materials synthesis, synchrotron radiation measurements, and statistical data analysis. This technique focuses on not only drawing phase diagrams but also analysing phase transitions for exploring the functions of magnetic materials. In this study, a composition-gradient Fe–Co–Cr ternary thin film was prepared using a table-top sputtering system and a 3D printer. The chemical components and magnetic contrast were measured using photoemission electron microscopy through the acquisition of one million spectral datasets within 10 min. The ternary magnetic phase diagram of Fe–Co–Cr obtained by statistical analysis of the magnetic circular dichroism (MCD) contrast images agreed with ferromagnetic/paramagnetic transition. The MCD histogram was fitted based on Landau theory, and the estimated critical exponent β (0.36 ± 0.028) agreed well with previous theoretical and experimental studies. This study demonstrates universal physical parameter analysis that characterises magnetic properties by a high-throughput approach combined with a simple experimental apparatus.
CNN Poll: 2022 State of the Union (Poll 3)
Creators: name: CNN
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2023

description: Post-speech Poll: Watched some/all of the State of the Union (SOTU) address (1); reaction to the SOTU speech (1); policies proposed will move country in the right/wrong direction (3); President Biden priorities (1); economy/inflation (3); coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic (1); importance of economy vs. COVID-19 (1); President Biden addressed issues adequately (3); violent crime (1); Russian invasion of Ukraine (3); Ketanji Brown nomination (1). Recruitment Poll: President Joe Biden job approval (2); President Biden policies are moving the country in the right/wrong direction (3); President Biden priorities (1); intend to watch the State of the Union address (1); permission to text for a follow-up poll (1); registered to vote (1); 2020 presidential election vote (2); internet use (1).
Modeling interfaces of fluorite-structure compounds using slab charge distribution
Creators: name: Hinuma, Yoyo
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Automated generation of reasonable atomic-level interface models, for example, at a grain boundary, is often a difficult task. The interface modeling algorithm for elementary substances based on charge densities of slab surfaces by Hinuma et al. [AIP Advances 11, 115020 (2021)] was applied to obtain Σ3 (111)/(111ˉ) and Σ5 (310)/(31ˉ0) interface models of fluorite structure compounds reported in the ICSD database. The algorithm found only one type of in-plane rigid-body translation (RBT) in the former. In contrast, there were diverse interfaces with various RBTs in the latter; the RBT for each compound was identified by also testing a set of RBTs, given by the algorithm, from other compounds. The algorithm by Hinuma et al. can therefore be used, although with caveats, as a complementary tool to estimate the atom configuration at interfaces of compounds.
Super-hierarchical and explanatory analysis of magnetization reversal process using topological data analysis
Creators: name: Kunii, Sotaro
name: Foggiatto, Alexandre Lira
name: Mitsumata, Chiharu
name: Kotsugi, Masato
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: Hematology

description: The microstructures of magnetic domains are crucial in determining the functions of spintronic devices. However, the magnetization reversal mechanism is still not fully understood because of the difficulty in quantifying the drastic and complex changes in the magnetic domain structure. Here, we used topological data analysis and developed a super-hierarchical and explanatory analysis method for magnetic reversal processes. We quantified the complexity of a magnetic domain structure using persistent homology and visualized the magnetization reversal process in a two-dimensional space using principal component analysis. The first principal component (PC1) was a descriptor explaining the magnetization, and the second principal component (PC2) was a crucial descriptor characterizing the stability of the magnetic domain structure. Interestingly, PC2 detected slight changes in the structure, which indicates a hidden feature dominating the metastable/stable reversal processes. We successfully determined the cause of the branching of the macroscopic reversal process on the original microscopic magnetic domain structure. This super-hierarchical and explanatory analysis would improve the reliability of spintronics devices and understanding of stochastic/deterministic magnetization reversal phenomena.
Additional file 1 of Mixed methods assessment of personal heat exposure, sleep, physical activity, and heat adaptation strategies among urban residents in the Boston area, MA
Creators: name: Milando, Chad W.
name: Black-Ingersoll, Flannery
name: Heidari, Leila
name: López-Hernández, Ibrahim
name: de Lange, Julie
name: Negassa, Abgel
name: McIntyre, Alina M.
name: Martinez, M. Pilar Botana
name: Bongiovanni, Roseann
name: Levy, Jonathan I.
name: Kinney, Patrick L.
name: Scammell, Madeleine K.
name: Fabian, M. Patricia
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1.
The Kraft sum as a monotone function on the refinement-ordered set of uniquely decipherable codes
Creators: name: Foldes, Stephan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The set of all uniquely decipherable (UD) codes is partially ordered by refinement, meaning that all strings in the cruder code can be represented as concatenations of strings taken from the finer code. The Kraft sum is a monotone (increasing) function on this poset. In the refinement order, chains of UD codes having the same Kraft sum are necessarily of the simple sequence type. A characterization of UD codes in terms of equalities involving Kraft sums is also given.
description: New reference added and related comments
Solving Langevin equation with the bicolour rooted tree method
Creators: name: You, Jiabin
name: Zhao, Hong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Stochastic differential equations, especially the one called Langevin equation, play an important role in many fields of modern science. In this paper, we use the bicolour rooted tree method, which is based on the stochastic Taylor expansion, to get the systematic pattern of the high order algorithm for Langevin equation. We propose a popular test problem, which is related to the energy relaxation in the double well, to test the validity of our algorithm and compare our algorithm with other usually used algorithms in simulations. And we also consider the time-dependent Langevin equation with the Ornstein-Uhlenbeck noise as our second example to demonstrate the versatility of our method.
2.0 Sprachnormierung und Sprachkritik in europäischer Perspektive
Creators: name: Felder, Ekkehard
name: Schwinn, Horst
name: Jacob, Katharina
Publisher: name: Handbuch Europäische Sprachkritik Online
Year: 2017
Subjects: Sprachnormenkritik; Normen; Sprachbewertung; deskriptiv; präskriptiv

description: Der Artikel beschäftigt sich mit einem ganz spezifischen Blick auf Sprachnormen: Ausgehend von der Sprachnormenkritik der Germanistik fokussiert der Artikel die sozio-politischen Implikationen sprachlicher Normfragen. Der Terminus Sprachnormenkritik hat weder im Englischen noch im Französischen oder Italienischen und auch nicht im Kroatischen eine ausdrucksseitige Entsprechung. Das Konzept der ›Sprachnormenkritik‹ bzw. bestimmte Teilkomponenten sind dessen un- geachtet im Englischen, Französischen, Italienischen und Kroatischen seit Jahrhunderten in der Diskussion. Aus vergleichend europäischer Per- spektive ist besonders interessant, dass nicht in jedem nationalsprachli- chen Diskurs über Sprachnormen der unmittelbare Zusammenhang von sprachlichen Normen einerseits und sozio-ökonomischer Macht bzw. po- litischer Handlungsfähigkeit andererseits als korrelierende Phänomene diskutiert wird – und genau dies ist der Kern der ursprünglichen Sprach- normenkritik im Deutschen. Besonders eindrücklich lässt sich der politi- sche Charakter der Sprachnormenkritik im Kroatischen demonstrieren. In den 1960er Jahren ist die Sprachnormenkritik im Kroatischen nicht nur eine Kritik, die degressiv erscheinende Zustände aufzudecken versucht, sondern vor allem eine progressive Kritik, die als Vorreiter der politischen Bewegung für die Unabhängigkeit Kroatiens angesehen werden kann.
description: Handbuch Europäische Sprachkritik Online, Bd. 1 (2017): Sprachnormierung und Sprachkritik
3.0 Sprachnormierung und Sprachkritik (Sprachnormenkritik) im Deutschen
Creators: name: Felder, Ekkehard
name: Schwinn, Horst
name: Jacob, Katharina
Publisher: name: Handbuch Europäische Sprachkritik Online
Year: 2017
Subjects: Sprachreflexion; Sprachnormen; beschreibende/ bewertende Sprachkritik; linguistisch begründete Sprachkritik; Sprachnormenkonflikt

description: Sprachnormen und Sprachnormierungsprozesse hängen un- mittelbar mit Sprachreflexion und Sprachkritik zusammen. Entweder werden Sprachnormen und Sprachnormierungsprozesse linguistisch be- schrieben oder linguistisch / laienlinguistisch bewertet. In der linguistisch begründeten Sprachkritik der 1980er Jahre wird unter dem Paradigma der Sprachnormenkritik der Prozess der Sprachnormierung beobachtet und beschrieben. Sprachnormen und Sprachnormierungsprozesse werden in sprachhistorischer Perspektive aber bereits viel früher in intellektuel- len Kreisen reflektiert und kritisiert. Auch in gegenwärtiger Perspektive sind im laienlinguistischen Bereich Bestrebungen zu verzeichnen, mittels Sprachkritik Einfluss auf Sprachnormen und Sprachnormierungsprozesse zu nehmen. Seit den 2000er Jahren setzen sich wiederum Linguistinnen und Linguisten zum Ziel, Sprachnormen und Sprachnormierung zunächst zu beschreiben und dann nach linguistischen Kriterien zu bewerten. In dem Artikel wird ein Sprachnormenkritikbegriff vertreten, der auf einem Kontinuum von eher Ausdrucksmöglichkeiten abwägenden bis hin zu eindeutig positionsbezogenen Sprachbetrachtungen zu verorten ist, und sowohl die linguistische als auch die laienlinguistische Perspektive mit einbezieht. Unter Sprachnormenkritik wird hier also eine Reflexion der Sprachnormen und Sprachnormierungsprozesse verstanden, in der die Kriterien explizit (eher beschreibend oder eher bewertend) formuliert oder implizit praktiziert werden.
description: Handbuch Europäische Sprachkritik Online, Bd. 1 (2017): Sprachnormierung und Sprachkritik
Casimir Effect in systems in and out of Equilibrium
Creators: name: Rodriguez-Lopez, Pablo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This thesis consists on two separate parts. In the first part, we discuss about the nature of the Casimir effect as the response of a fluctuant medium to the breakdown of the translation symmetry because the presence of intrusions in that medium. To do so, we present a dynamical approximation of Casimir effect, which generalizes Casimir effect studies to out of equilibrium steady states. The equilibrium known case is recovered as a particular case, including the case of electromagnetic (EM) Casimir effect generated because of quantum fluctuations. This formalism also allows us to define (and calculate) the variance of Casimir forces. In the second part of this thesis, by the use of a Multiscattering formalism, we study the nature of the multibody Casimir effect. We demonstrate that the Casimir force and energy between two spheres in presence of a plate (perfect metal objects all of them) is non-monotonous with the distance between spheres and between sphere and plate. We derive the Pairwise Summation Approximation (PSA) of the EM field from this multiscattering formalism for generalized dielectrics, including magnetic responses and Topological Insulators as an example of magnetoelectric couplings. We also study the nonmonotonous behavior of the entropy with the temperature for a system of two perfect metal spheres and describes the Casimir energy between non-parallel cylinders, a geometry not studied until now to our knownledge.
description: Ph.D. Thesis, 10 chapters, 231 pages and 33 figures. University Complutense of Madrid, Spain, 28th October 2011
End-condition for solution small angle X-ray scattering measurements by kernel density estimation
Creators: name: Sekiguchi, Hiroshi
name: Ohta, Noboru
name: Ishibashi, Hideaki
name: Hino, Hideitsu
name: Mizumaki, Masaichiro
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Space Science
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Inorganic Chemistry

description: We develop a method for calculating the minimum X-ray exposure time for X-ray solution scattering experiments using statistical and mathematical approaches to enhance the measurement efficiency while maintaining data quality. Experts can determine the X-ray exposure time for samples by investigating time-series data of scattering profiles and considering the quality of scattering profiles and the samples’ X-ray damage. In this study, we apply a statistical inequality to estimate the kernel density estimation method’s error to determine the minimum X-ray exposure time for protein solution scattering experiments and evaluate the method’s validity using the results of Guinier analysis as an indicator.
Ein außergewöhnlicher Geschirrsatz der Bronzezeit aus Unna
Creators: name: Cichy, Eva
name: Kunze, Felix
name: Müsch, Eugen
Publisher: name: Archäologie in Westfalen-Lippe
Year: 2017

description: -
description: Archäologie in Westfalen-Lippe, ARCHÄOLOGIE IN WESTFALEN-LIPPE 2015 (2016)
Wem die Glocke schlägt – 1200 Jahre Kirche und Siedlung in Dülmen
Creators: name: Jentgens, Gerard
name: Peine, Hans-Werner
Publisher: name: Archäologie in Westfalen-Lippe
Year: 2017

description: -
description: Archäologie in Westfalen-Lippe, ARCHÄOLOGIE IN WESTFALEN-LIPPE 2015 (2016)
Frühmittelalterliche Siedlungsareale der Wüstungen Boclon und Bodene bei Helmern
Creators: name: Leahy, Dáire
name: Spiong, Sven
name: Voit, Sabine
Publisher: name: Archäologie in Westfalen-Lippe
Year: 2017

description: -
description: Archäologie in Westfalen-Lippe, ARCHÄOLOGIE IN WESTFALEN-LIPPE 2015 (2016)
Cosmological viability conditions for $f(T)$ dark energy models
Creators: name: Setare, M. R.
name: Mohammadipour, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently $f(T)$ modified teleparallel gravity where T is the torsion scalar has been proposed as the natural gravitational alternative for dark energy. We perform a detailed dynamical analysis of these models and find conditions for the cosmological viability of $f(T)$ dark energy models as geometrical constraints on the derivatives of these models. We show that in the phase space exists two cosmologically viable trajectory which (i) The universe would start from an unstable radiation point, then pass a saddle standard matter point which is followed by accelerated expansion de sitter point. (ii) The universe starts from a saddle radiation epoch, then falls onto the stable matter era and the system can not evolve to the dark energy dominated epoch. Finally, for a number of $f(T)$ dark energy models were proposed in the more literature, the viability conditions are investigated.
description: 15 pages, 7 figures, Accepted for publication in JCAP (2012)
Chimera States in Mechanical Oscillator Networks
Creators: name: Martens, Erik Andreas
name: Thutupalli, Shashi
name: Fourrière, Antoine
name: Hallatschek, Oskar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The synchronization of coupled oscillators is a fascinating manifestation of self-organization that nature employs to orchestrate essential processes of life, such as the beating of the heart. Although it was long thought that synchrony or disorder were mutually exclusive steady states for a network of identical oscillators, numerous theoretical studies in recent years have revealed the intriguing possibility of `chimera states', in which the symmetry of the oscillator population is broken into a synchronous and an asynchronous part. However, a striking lack of empirical evidence raises the question of whether chimeras are indeed characteristic to natural systems. This calls for a palpable realization of chimera states without any fine-tuning, from which physical mechanisms underlying their emergence can be uncovered. Here, we devise a simple experiment with mechanical oscillators coupled in a hierarchical network to show that chimeras emerge naturally from a competition between two antagonistic synchronization patterns. We identify a wide spectrum of complex states, encompassing and extending the set of previously described chimeras. Our mathematical model shows that the self-organization observed in our experiments is controlled by elementary dynamical equations from mechanics that are ubiquitous in many natural and technological systems. The symmetry breaking mechanism revealed by our experiments may thus be prevalent in systems exhibiting collective behaviour, such as power grids, opto-mechanical crystals or cells communicating via quorum sensing in microbial populations.
description: Main text, supplementary info and 3 ancillary movies