cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Directed last passage percolation with discontinuous weights
Creators: name: Calder, Jeff
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 35D40, 60F99, 65N06, 60K35

description: We prove that a directed last passage percolation model with discontinuous macroscopic (non-random) inhomogeneities has a continuum limit that corresponds to solving a Hamilton-Jacobi equation in the viscosity sense. This Hamilton-Jacobi equation is closely related to the conservation law for the hydrodynamic limit of the totally asymmetric simple exclusion process. We also prove convergence of a numerical scheme for the Hamilton-Jacobi equation and present an algorithm based on dynamic programming for finding the asymptotic shapes of maximal directed paths.
description: To appear in Journal of Statistical Physics
Substantial evidence for new electron pairing mechanism in high temperature superconductors.docx
Creators: name: Zhou, Tiege
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Electronic and magnetic properties of condensed matter; superconductivity

description: We propose that the change of the electron clouds of the transition metal ions (or/and other ions) is the electron pairing medium in high temperature superconductors. It is just like the vibration of the crystal lattice is the electron pairing medium in conventional superconductors.
Backreaction mechanism in multifluid and extended cosmologies
Creators: name: Jimenez, Jose Beltran
name: de la Cruz-Dombriz, Alvaro
name: Dunsby, Peter K. S.
name: Saez-Gomez, Diego
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: One possible explanation for the present observed acceleration of the Universe is the breakdown of homogeneity and isotropy due to the formation of non-linear structures. How inhomogeneities affect the averaged cosmological expansion rate and lead to late-time acceleration is generally considered to be due to some backreaction mechanism. General Relativity together with pressure-free matter have until recently been considered as the sole ingredients for averaged calculations. In this communication we focus our attention on more general scenarios, including imperfect fluids as well as alternative theories of gravity, and apply an averaging procedure to them in order to determine possible backreaction effects. For illustrative purposes, we present our results for dark energy models, quintessence and Brans-Dicke theories. We also provide a discussion about the limitations of frame choices in the averaging procedure.
description: Version published in JCAP 05 (2014) 031. 27 pages, no figures. Minor changes
title: Η έκφραση κσι ο ρόλος των MicroRNAs στην παθογένεση του καρκίνου του θυρεοειδούς
title: The expression and role of MicroRNAs in the pathogenesis of thyroid cancer
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Ιωαννάκη, Σοφία
Publisher: name: Πανεπιστήμιο Δυτικής Αττικής
Year: 2023
Subjects: Καρκινογένεση
microRNAs
Θηλώδης καρκίνος θυρεοειδούς
Μυελοειδής καρκίνος θυρεοειδούς
Αναπλαστικός καρκίνος θυρεοειδούς
Διάγνωση
Ογκογόνα microRNAs

description: Ο καρκίνος του θυρεoειδούς αποτελεί τον πιο συχνά εμφανιζόμενο τύπο καρκίνου που προέρχεται από το ενδοκρινικό σύστημα, κατέχοντας την πέμπτη θέση στους συχνότερους τύπους στις γυναίκες. Ο θηλώδης καρκίνος του θυρεoειδούς (PTC) είναι ο πιο κοινός τύπος καρκίνου του θυρεoειδούς και η παγκόσμια επίπτωσή του έχει αυξηθεί ραγδαία τις τελευταίες δεκαετίες. Η έγκαιρη διάγνωση οδηγεί σε καλή κλινική έκβαση σε διαφοροποιημένους τύπους καρκίνου του θυρεoειδούς. Ωστόσο, υπάρχουν λίγες θεραπευτικές επιλογές για ασθενείς με μυελοειδή (MTC) ή αναπλαστικό καρκίνο του θυρεoειδούς (ATC). Η αναγνώριση μοριακών δεικτών που εξηγούν την παθολογική διαδικασία κατά την εξέλιξη αυτού του τύπου καρκίνου έχει πρακτική σημασία. Τα MicroRNAs (miRNAs) έχουν αποδειχθεί ότι επηρεάζουν τη δραστηριότητα των σηματοδοτικών μονοπατιών που σχετίζονται με τον καρκίνο του θυρεoειδούς, όπως το μονοπάτι MAPK και το γονίδιο RET, ενώ η μετάλλαξη BRAFV600E είναι ενδεικτική υποτροπής και χειρότερης πρόγνωσης. Τα miRNAs όχι μόνο εμπλέκονται στη διαφοροποίηση ανάμεσα σε κακοήθεις ιστούς και μη κακοήθεις ιστούς, αλλά έχουν επίσης διαφορική έκφραση σε διαφορετικά στάδια του καρκίνου του θυρεoειδούς. Η αξιολόγηση των επιπέδων των miRNAs στον ορό, καθώς η απορύθμισή τους σχετίζεται με την ανάπτυξη καρκίνου, είναι μια πρακτική μη επεμβατική μέθοδος για την παρακολούθηση ασθενών μετά από θυρεοειδεκτομή. Επιπλέον, τα μόρια αυτά και τα σηματοδοτικά μονοπάτια στα οποία εμπλέκονται διερευνώνται έντονα ως νέοι διαγνωστικοί και θεραπευτικοί στόχοι για πληθώρα ασθενειών. Στην παρούσα διπλωματική εργασία, συνοψίζονται τα δεδομένα σχετικά με το ρόλο των miRNAs στον καρκίνο του θυρεoειδούς.
title: Pharma UK: The Transdermal Technology - Compact Case
Creators: name: Birkinshaw, Julian
Publisher: name: London Business School
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: FOS: Economics and business
valueUri: http://www.oecd.org/science/inno/38235147.pdf

description: Pharma UK was the UK subsidiary of Pharma, a major international pharmaceuticals company with expertise in oncology, hormone replacement drugs and fertility. Pharma UK was responsible for selling drugs in the local marketplace. However, it also had 50 people in R&D, doing local development work in product registration and testing. Autonomy was limited, with approval needed for all expenditure above GBP10,000.
description: LBS Case Code: CCS-21-003
Dark matter relic density in Gauss-Bonnet braneworld cosmology
Creators: name: Meehan, Michael T.
name: Whittingham, Ian B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The relic density of symmetric and asymmetric dark matter in a Gauss-Bonnet (GB) modified Randall-Sundrum (RS) type II braneworld cosmology is investigated. The existing study of symmetric dark matter in a GB braneworld (Okada and Okada, 2009) found that the expansion rate was reduced compared to that in standard General Relativity (GR), thereby delaying particle freeze-out and resulting in relic abundances which are suppressed by up to $\mathcal{O}(10^{-2})$. This is in direct contrast to the behaviour observed in RS braneworlds where the expansion rate is enhanced and the final relic abundance boosted. However, this finding that relic abundances are suppressed in a GB braneworld is based upon a highly contrived situation in which the GB era evolves directly into a standard GR era, rather than passing through a RS era as is the general situation. This collapse of the RS era requires equating the mass scale $m_α$ of the GB modification and the mass scale $m_σ$ of the brane tension. However, if the GB contribution is to be considered as the lowest order correction from string theory to the RS action, we would expect $m_α > m_σ$. We investigate the effect upon the relic abundance of choosing more realistic values for the ratio $\mathcal{R}_{m} \equiv m_α/m_σ$ and find that the relic abundance can be either enhanced or suppressed by more than two orders of magnitude. However, suppression only occurs for a small range of parameter choices and, overwhelmingly, the predominant situation is that of enhancement as we recover the usual Randall-Sundrum type behaviour in the limit $\mathcal{R}_m \gg 1$. We use the latest observational bound $Ω_{DM}h^2 = 0.1187 \pm 0.0017$ to constrain the various model parameters and briefly discuss the implications for direct/indirect dark matter detection experiments as well as dark matter particle models.
description: 18 pages, 5 figures, significant new material added and conclusions modified
Online repression and tactical evasion: evidence from the 2020 Day of Anger protests in Egypt
Creators: name: Lutscher, Philipp M.
name: Ketchley, Neil
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Following the 2011 Arab Spring, autocrats have sought to limit citizens’ ability to publicize offline protests over social media. In this article, we explore how users adjust to these restrictions. To do so, we analyse 33 million tweets sent from Egypt during the “Day of Anger” protests in September 2020. We find evidence of online tactical evasion in a highly repressive context. Compared to neutral users, regime opponents are more likely to issue calls for offline protests using new or dedicated accounts that contain no personal information. Users are also more likely to delete tweets calling for mobilization ex-post in a bid to conceal their activism. We find weaker evidence suggesting that regime opponents try to evade laws targeting critical accounts with over 5000 followers. The findings illustrate how activists in autocracies use social media to mobilize street-level contention while attempting to mitigate the risk of state repression.
title: Turning Around KBC in 2009-2016 (C)
Creators: name: Markides, Costas
name: Winig, Laura
name: Oyon, Daniel
Publisher: name: London Business School
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: FOS: Economics and business
valueUri: http://www.oecd.org/science/inno/38235147.pdf

description: This is part of a case series. The case describes the turnaround of the Belgian bank KBC under the leadership of Johan Thijs in the period 2009-2016. The case is made up of three parts - A, B and C. KBC (A) describes the situation in July 2009 when Johan This was promoted to Managing Director (MD) of the Belgian subsidiary, by far the biggest and most important unit within KBC Group. The timing is a bad one for the bank - it had just been rescued through a multibillion euro bailout by the Belgian government and the bank is on the verge of bankruptcy. Morale is at an all-time low, employees feel betrayed and are demotivated and the euro crisis is about to hit the European banking sector just when banks throughout Europe are trying to respond to the financial crisis of 2008. Johan Thijs inherits a total mess in Belgium and the case describes the facts he faces and asks the question: 'What should he do in the Belgian Unit?' At the same time to becoming MD of Belgium, he becomes member of the Group's Executive Committee (ExCo) and the case also raises the question: 'What can Thijs do as a member of the ExCo to prevent the bankruptcy of KBC Group?'
description: LBS Case Code: CS-17-004
Elacestrant: First Approval
Creators: name: Hoy, Sheridan M.
Publisher: name: Adis Journals
Year: 2023
Subjects: Medicine
Cancer

description: Declarations Funding The preparation of this review was not supported by any external funding. Authorship and Conflict of interest During the peer review process the manufacturer of the agent under review was offered an opportunity to comment on the article. Changes resulting from any comments received were made by the authors on the basis of scientific completeness and accuracy. Sheridan M. Hoy is a salaried employee of Adis International Ltd/Springer Nature, and declares no relevant conflicts of interest. All authors contributed to the review and are responsible for the article content. Ethics approval, Consent to participate, Consent to publish, Availability of data and material, Code availability Not applicable. Additional information about this Adis Drug Review can be found here. Abstract Elacestrant (ORSERDU™) is an orally available selective estrogen receptor degrader (SERD) being developed by Stemline Therapeutics, a subsidiary of Menarini Group, for the treatment of estrogen receptor (ER)-positive, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-negative breast cancer. In January 2023, elacestrant received its first approval for the treatment of postmenopausal women or adult men with estrogen receptor (ER)-positive, HER2-negative, estrogen receptor 1 (ESR1)-mutated (as determined by a US FDA-approved test) advanced or metastatic breast cancer with disease progression following ≥ 1 line of endocrine therapy in the USA. A regulatory assessment of elacestrant for the treatment of ER-positive, HER2-negative advanced or metastatic breast cancer is currently underway in the EU. Development of elacestrant for the treatment of vasomotor symptoms has been discontinued. This article summarizes the milestones in the development of elacestrant leading to this first approval for this indication. © Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2023
On the duration and intensity of cumulative advantage competitions
Creators: name: Jiang, Bo
name: Sun, Liyuan
name: Figueiredo, Daniel R.
name: Ribeiro, Bruno
name: Towsley, Don
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: The role of skill (fitness) and luck (randomness) as driving forces on the dynamics of resource accumulation in a myriad of systems have long puzzled scientists. Fueled by undisputed inequalities that emerge from actual competitions, there is a pressing need for better understanding the effects of skill and luck in resource accumulation. When such competitions are driven by externalities such as cumulative advantage (CA), the rich-get-richer effect, little is known with respect to fundamental properties such as their duration and intensity. In this work we provide a mathematical understanding of how CA exacerbates the role of luck in detriment of skill in simple and well-studied competition models. We show, for instance, that if two agents are competing for resources that arrive sequentially at each time unit, an early stroke of luck can place the less skilled in the lead for an extremely long period of time, a phenomenon we call "struggle of the fittest". In the absence of CA, the more skilled quickly prevails despite any early stroke of luck that the less skilled may have. We prove that duration of a simple skill and luck competition model exhibit power law tails when CA is present, regardless of skill difference, which is in sharp contrast to exponential tails when CA is absent. Our findings have important implications to competitions not only in complex social systems but also in contexts that leverage such models.
title: MOVE Guides (B)
Creators: name: Mullins, John
name: Putimahtama, Tiffany
Publisher: name: London Business School
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: FOS: Economics and business
valueUri: http://www.oecd.org/science/inno/38235147.pdf

description: It was August 2014. The MOVE Guides team had successfully converted two of their initial pilot clients into paying customers whose employees were delighted with the company's support of their moves.  Brynne Kennedy and her team were successfully closing a couple of additional lump-sum clients regularly. But customers old and new were asking MOVE Guides to offer managed moves, too. Was such a strategy scalable? What sort of business model would be sustainable long term? Could MOVE Guides take on the established competitors in the managed-moves segment? Her team, including her investors and her closest and most trusted advisor, was divided. Was this the right thing to do?
description: LBS Case Code: CS-19-008
Elacestrant: First Approval
Creators: name: Hoy, Sheridan M.
Publisher: name: Adis Journals
Year: 2023
Subjects: Medicine
Cancer

description: Declarations Funding The preparation of this review was not supported by any external funding. Authorship and Conflict of interest During the peer review process the manufacturer of the agent under review was offered an opportunity to comment on the article. Changes resulting from any comments received were made by the authors on the basis of scientific completeness and accuracy. Sheridan M. Hoy is a salaried employee of Adis International Ltd/Springer Nature, and declares no relevant conflicts of interest. All authors contributed to the review and are responsible for the article content. Ethics approval, Consent to participate, Consent to publish, Availability of data and material, Code availability Not applicable. Additional information about this Adis Drug Review can be found here. Abstract Elacestrant (ORSERDU™) is an orally available selective estrogen receptor degrader (SERD) being developed by Stemline Therapeutics, a subsidiary of Menarini Group, for the treatment of estrogen receptor (ER)-positive, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-negative breast cancer. In January 2023, elacestrant received its first approval for the treatment of postmenopausal women or adult men with ER-positive, HER2-negative, estrogen receptor 1 (ESR1)-mutated (as determined by a US FDA-approved test) advanced or metastatic breast cancer with disease progression following ≥ 1 line of endocrine therapy in the USA. A regulatory assessment of elacestrant for the treatment of ER-positive, HER2-negative advanced or metastatic breast cancer is currently underway in the EU. Development of elacestrant for the treatment of vasomotor symptoms has been discontinued. This article summarizes the milestones in the development of elacestrant leading to this first approval for this indication. © Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2023
title: BanaPads: To grow or not to grow? That is the question
Creators: name: Alemany, Luisa
name: Andreou, Nicholas
name: Gutierrez, Alma
Publisher: name: London Business School
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: FOS: Economics and business
valueUri: http://www.oecd.org/science/inno/38235147.pdf

description: In the summer of 2018, Richard Bbaale sat in a rural village in Uganda, looking over a banana plantation. He recalled the inspiration behind BanaPads as he contemplated what to do next. It had been 10 years since he had founded the non-governmental organisation (NGO) to help women and girls in rural settings overcome the challenges of menstruation - challenges that he had witnessed first as an older brother to his sister and then as a teacher at an all-girls' school.
description: LBS Case Code: CS-20-015
Transmission phase of a quantum dot and statistical fluctuations of partial-width amplitudes
Creators: name: Jalabert, Rodolfo A.
name: Weick, Guillaume
name: Weidenmüller, Hans A.
name: Weinmann, Dietmar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Experimentally, the phase of the amplitude for electron transmission through a quantum dot (transmission phase) shows the same pattern between consecutive resonances. Such universal behavior, found for long sequences of resonances, is caused by correlations of the signs of the partial-width amplitudes of the resonances. We investigate the stability of these correlations in terms of a statistical model. For a classically chaotic dot, the resonance eigenfunctions are assumed to be Gaussian distributed. Under this hypothesis, statistical fluctuations are found to reduce the tendency towards universal phase evolution. Long sequences of resonances with universal behavior only persist in the semiclassical limit of very large electron numbers in the dot and for specific energy intervals. Numerical calculations qualitatively agree with the statistical model but quantitatively are closer to universality.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures
title: Turnaround at UCLH: A hospital in intensive care case (A) and (B)
Creators: name: Jacobides, Michael
name: Devlin, Anita
name: Shirodaria, Cheerag
name: Verheul, Renate
Publisher: name: London Business School
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: FOS: Economics and business
valueUri: http://www.oecd.org/science/inno/38235147.pdf

description: University College London Hospital NHS Foundation Trust (UCLH) is a major London teaching hospital. It encountered serious financial problems as a result of the consolidation of two separate hospitals into one new hospital building, coupled with a change in the remuneration system for NHS hospitals. The turnaround took place between April 2005 and May 2007. Pelham Allen was appointed Turnaround Director by the NHS regulator to implement a recovery plan that stabilized the situation and laid the foundations for long-term operational and financial success. This case gives the reader a close-up view of one of the largest, most sensitive and most successful UK public sector turnarounds in recent years, and highlights the similarities with, and differences from, private sector turnarounds. The case also examines the different approaches that turnaround managers can take to embed change when in a position of influence.
description: LBS Case Code: CS-10-016
title: Ο αντίκτυπος της ρευστότητας στην κερδοφορία εταιρειών : η προσέγγιση ανάλυσης οικονομικών καταστάσεων
title: The impact of liquidity on corporate profitability : the financial statements analysis approach
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Φίλιππας, Σπυρίδων Κωνσταντίνος
Publisher: name: Πανεπιστήμιο Πειραιώς
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Κατασκευαστικός κλάδος
subject: Χρηματοοικονομική ανάλυση
subject: Ρευστότητα
subject: Κερδοφορία
subject: Αποδοτικότητα

description: Ο κλάδος των κατασκευών έχει πολύ μεγάλη σημαντικότητα για την παραγωγική δραστηριότητα τόσο στην Ευρώπη όσο και στην Ελλάδα. Η ανάλυση του εξωτερικού περιβάλλον που έχει ο κλάδος για την κατανόηση των παραγόντων που επηρεάζουν τις εταιρείες όπου δραστηριοποιούνται εκεί έχει πολύ μεγάλη σημαντικότητα. Εξίσου σημαντική είναι και η χρηματοοικονομική ανάλυση προκειμένου να φανεί η κερδοφορία και η ρευστότητα των εταιρειών. Στα πλαίσια της παρούσας πτυχιακής ένα από τα κύρια ζητήματα είναι να εντοπιστεί η κερδοφορία και η ρευστότητα των εταιρειών Άκτωρ ΑΤΕ, Τέρνα Α.Ε., Ατέρμων ΑΤΤΕΕ & Βιοτερ Α.Ε.. Η περίοδος ανάλυσης είναι 2016 – 2020 και τα δεδομένα έχουν αντληθεί από τις δημοσιευμένες καταστάσεις των εταιρειών.
Energy eigenfunctions for position-dependent mass particles in a new class of molecular hamiltonians
Creators: name: Christiansen, H. R.
name: Cunha, M. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Based on recent results on quasi-exactly solvable Schrodinger equations, we review a new phenomenological potential class lately reported. In the present paper we consider the quantum differential equations resulting from position dependent mass (PDM) particles. We focus on the PDM version of the hyperbolic potential $V(x) = {a}~\text{sech}^2x + {b}~\text{sech}^4x$, which we address analytically with no restrictions on the parameters and the energies. This is the celebrated Manning potential, a double-well widely known in molecular physics, until now not investigated for PDM. We also evaluate the PDM version of the sixth power hyperbolic potential $V(x) = {a}~{\text{sech}^6x}+b~{\text{sech}^4x}$ for which we could find exact expressions under some special settings. Finally, we address a triple-well case $V(x) = {a}~{\text{sech}^6x}+b~{\text{sech}^4x}+c~\text{sech}^2x$ of particular interest for its connection to the new trends in atomtronics. The PDM Schrodinger equations studied in the present paper yield analytical eigenfunctions in terms of local Heun functions in its confluents forms. In all the cases PDM particles are more likely tunneling than ordinary ones. In addition, a merging of eigenstates has been observed when the mass becomes nonuniform.
description: 31 pages, 17 figures, 4 tables. Some references corrected. Accepted for publication in J. Math. Phys
The Effect of a Large Reservoir on Local Government Revenue and Expenditure
Creators: name: Bates, Clyde T.
Publisher: name: Kentucky Water Resources Research Institute, University of Kentucky
Year: 1969

description: Abstract:
The pressures of population growth, urbanization, and improved transportation are diminishing the availability of quality naturalistic sites for recreation while at the same time producing greater demands for their use. One cause contributing to the reduction in acreage in naturalistic areas is the construction of reservoirs. The recreational hunting value of the naturalistic area to be inundated should be considered as a negative consequence in the economic evaluation of a proposed reservoir site.
This study utilized hunting data collected by the Kentucky Department of Fish and Wildlife, from the 120 Kentucky counties to estimate the economic, value of the average hunter-day associated with seven selected species groups (squirrels, rabbit, bobwhite, farm menace, sectional winged, deer and waterfowl) in each of the counties.
The study sought to develop a methodology for estimating average annual values of (1) the number of recreational hunters and (2) the economic worth of their hunting. The gravity model was developed into a form applicable to the estimation of average annual hunter-trips as a function of distances from the site to surrounding population centers. The economic value of a hunter-trip was implied from the visitation estimation equation by converting distance to economic units. Parameter values for use in the model were estimated from the available data and tabulated.
The methodology was applied to Rough River Reservoir, which inundated 5,100 acres in Western Kentucky in 1960. The average annual recreational hunting value lost was $2,327 just under $330/year per square mile. Values per hunter trip ranged from $1.13 for squirrel to $2.89 for deer. The annual number of hunter-trips was estimated to be about 170 per square mile, almost half for rabbits.
Funding information: "The Economic Value of Natural Areas for Recreational Hunting" is based on research performed as part of a project entitled "The Economic Impact of Flood Control Reservoirs" (OWRR Project No. A-006-KY) sponsored by the University of Kentucky Water Resources Institute and supported in part by funds provided by the United States Department of the Interior as authorized under the Water Resources Research Act of 1964, Public Law 88-379.
Permanental processes from products of complex and quaternionic induced Ginibre ensembles
Creators: name: Akemann, G.
name: Ipsen, J. R.
name: Strahov, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We consider products of independent random matrices taken from the induced Ginibre ensemble with complex or quaternion elements. The joint densities for the complex eigenvalues of the product matrix can be written down exactly for a product of any fixed number of matrices and any finite matrix size. We show that the squared absolute values of the eigenvalues form a permanental process, generalising the results of Kostlan and Rider for single matrices to products of complex and quaternionic matrices. Based on these findings, we can first write down exact results and asymptotic expansions for the so-called hole probabilities, that a disc centered at the origin is void of eigenvalues. Second, we compute the asymptotic expansion for the opposite problem, that a large fraction of complex eigenvalues occupies a disc of fixed radius centered at the origin; this is known as the overcrowding problem. While the expressions for finite matrix size depend on the parameters of the induced ensembles, the asymptotic results agree to leading order with previous results for products of square Ginibre matrices.
description: 47 pages, v2: typos corrected, 1 reference added, published version
title: Inequity and inequality in Australian mental health and care systems: an investigation into the economics of wellbeing
Creators: name: Hashmi, Rubayyat
Publisher: name: University of Southern Queensland
Year: 2021
Subjects: classificationCode: 380108
subject: Health economics
valueUri: https://www.abs.gov.au/statistics/classifications/australian-and-new-zealand-standard-research-classification-anzsrc/latest-release

description: In Australia, significant mental health inequalities still exist, and the population has lost 572,775 years of healthy life owing to mental illness. This results in a total direct and indirect cost to the Australian economy of $271 billion each year. As a result, mental health is critical for the Australian economy, and no one should be deprived the opportunity to achieve a good mental state. Thus, mental health equity is a critical component of Australia's health care system. Nevertheless, equity is a normative term, and applying equity to any process demands the application of positive economics principles. However, a review of the health disparity literature reveals a dearth of studies on mental health equity and the extent to which mental health inequity is understood in Australia is unclear. The primary goal of this thesis is to analyse significant concerns in the pursuit of mental health equity in Australia and potential ways to address these issues. This thesis includes five essays that examine equity challenges in the context of mental health: i) to determine the prevalence of mental disorders in socioeconomic groups ii) to investigate the origin of mental health inequality in early life (relationship between family endowments and youth mental health disparities) iii) to investigate the origin of mental health inequality in adult life (influence of life shocks and mental health inequality) iv) to establish a methodological framework to assess mental health mobility using longitudinal data and lastly, v) to assess inequity in mental health service use. In summary, the determinants of mental wellbeing (i.e. socioeconomic inequalities) in the health system context are the subject of three essays. The remaining two essays address mental health service provision and accessibility issues, and mental health system outcomes. The essays employ data from two nationally representative Australian surveys, namely the Household, Income and Labour Dynamics in Australia (HILDA) and National Health Survey (NHS), for its investigations. This thesis applied distributional analysis and health econometric modelling methods to explore the topic. This thesis contributes to the literature by creating methodological and empirical knowledge and offers policy prescriptions on designing equitable and cost-efficient mental health interventions.
title: Red Bull: The anti-brand brand
Creators: name: Tavassoli, Nader
name: Kumar, Nirmalya
name: Linguri, Sophie
Publisher: name: London Business School
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: FOS: Economics and business
valueUri: http://www.oecd.org/science/inno/38235147.pdf

description: In 2004, Red Bull found itself at a crossroad, challenged with defending its 70% worldwide market share of the Euros 2.5 billion energy drinks category that it had pioneered. Through a combination of buzz marketing tactics, decentralised distribution and sponsorship of extreme sports and pop culture events, Red Bull had managed to build a certain mystique, which was central to building its appeal among its targeted customers, 18-35-year-olds.  The category of energy drinks was maturing in some markets and there was an onslaught of competitor brands; some promoted by beverage industry giants such as Coca-Cola and Pepsi, and others private labels launched by mass retailers such as Asda (part of Wal-Mart). Red Bull had to make the strategic decision whether to actively target the mainstream and decide to what degree its growth could be supported by a narrow product line. Its choice of strategic options needs to consider its resources and capabilities and will potentially result in a fundamentally different marketing mix. Red Bull also had to consider the impact of its choices on its anti-brand mystique.
description: LBS Case Code: CS-04-006
Extension of warm inflation to noncanonical scalar fields
Creators: name: Zhang, Xiao-Min
name: Zhu, Jian-Yang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We extend the warm inflationary scenario to the case of the noncanonical scalar fields. The equation of motion and the other basic equations of this new scenario are obtained. The Hubble damped term is enhanced in noncanonical inflation. A linear stability analysis is performed to give the proper slow-roll conditions in warm noncanonical inflation. We study the density fluctuations in the new picture and obtain an approximate analytic expression of the power spectrum. The energy scale at the horizon crossing is depressed by both noncanonical effect and thermal effect, and so is the tensor-to-scalar ratio. Besides the synergy, the noncanonical effect and the thermal effect are competing in the case of the warm noncanonical inflation.
description: 7 pages, 0 figures, accepted by Physical Review D
Biochemical resolving power of fluorescence lifetime imaging: untangling the roles of the instrument response function and photon-statistics
Creators: name: Esposito, Alessandro
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: FLIM
Microscopy
Biochemistry

description: Presentation given at the Focus on Microscopy conference 2023 in Porto https://www.focusonmicroscopy.org/
The Double-Dark Portal
Creators: name: Curtin, David
name: Tsai, Yuhsin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In most models of the dark sector, dark matter is charged under some new symmetry to make it stable. We explore the possibility that not just dark matter, but also the force carrier connecting it to the visible sector is charged under this symmetry. This dark mediator then acts as a Double-Dark Portal. We realize this setup in the \emph{dark mediator Dark matter} model (dmDM), featuring a fermionic DM candidate $χ$ with Yukawa couplings to light scalars $ϕ_i$. The scalars couple to SM quarks via the operator $\bar q q ϕ_i^* ϕ_j/Λ_{ij}$. This can lead to large direct detection signals via the $2\rightarrow3$ process $χN \rightarrow χN ϕ$ if one of the scalars has mass $ \lesssim 10$ keV. For dark matter Yukawa couplings $y_χ\sim 10^{-3} - 10^{-2}$, dmDM features a thermal relic dark matter candidate while also implementing the SIDM scenario for ameliorating inconsistencies between dwarf galaxy simulations and observations. We undertake the first systematic survey of constraints on light scalars coupled to the SM via the above operator. The strongest constraints are derived from a detailed examination of the light mediator's effects on stellar astrophysics. LHC experiments and cosmological considerations also yield important bounds. Observations of neutron star cooling exclude the minimal model with one dark mediator, but a scenario with two dark mediators remains viable and can give strong direct detection signals. We explore the direct detection consequences of this scenario and find that a heavy $\mathcal{O}(100)$ GeV dmDM candidate fakes different $\mathcal{O}(10)$ GeV WIMPs at different experiments. Large regions of dmDM parameter space are accessible above the irreducible neutrino background.
description: 24 pages, 19 figures, + references and appendices, update the SIDM discussion and references
title: Aravind Eye Care System
Creators: name: Ramdas, Kamalini
name: Deo, Sarang
Publisher: name: London Business School
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: FOS: Economics and business
valueUri: http://www.oecd.org/science/inno/38235147.pdf

description: This case relates the genesis and evolution of vision centres (VCs) for primary eye care at Aravind Eye Care System (AECS). AECS, based in the south Indian state of Tamil Nadu, is the world's largest eye care provider. The case is based in 2014, exactly a decade after the first vision centre was opened, and evaluates the role of VCs in Aravind's outreach ecosystem. Community outreach programmes were an integral part of Aravind's model from the start and formed a central part of its vision of taking eye care to the community's doorstep. For many years, community outreach at Aravind was done through eye camps held in remote rural locations. Eye camps had worked extremely well for a long time. However, eye camps were not a perfect solution to Aravind's outreach goals for many reasons. Vision centres evolved as a way to address some of the shortcomings of eye camps, and both these outreach methods were employed in parallel. This case focuses on Aravind's vision centres and how they evolved over a decade, how they compare with the eye camps as a vehicle to attain Aravind's goals, and the opportunities and challenges ahead.
description: LBS Case Code: CS-15-008
Degeneration of Orlik-Solomon algebras and Milnor fibers of complex line arrangements
Creators: name: Bailet, Pauline
name: Yoshinaga, Masahiko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We give a vanishing theorem for the monodromy eigenspaces of the Milnor fibers of complex line arrangements. By applying the modular bound of the local system cohomology groups given by Papadima-Suciu, the result is deduced from the vanishing of the cohomology of certain Aomoto complex over finite fields. In order to prove this, we introduce degeneration homomorphisms of Orlik-Solomon algebras.
description: 10 pages, v2: references added
Critical Casimir forces in a magnetic system: An experimental protocol
Creators: name: Cardozo, David Lopes
name: Jacquin, Hugo
name: Holdsworth, Peter C. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We numerically test an experimentally realizable method for the extraction of the critical Casimir force based on its thermodynamic definition as the derivative of the excess free energy with respect to system size. Free energy differences are estimated for different system sizes by integrating the order parameter along an isotherm. The method could be developed for experiments on magnetic systems and could give access to the critical Casimir force for any universality class. By choosing an applied field that opposes magnetic ordering at the boundaries, the Casimir force is found to increase by an order of magnitude over zero-field results.
description: 11 pages, 10 figures
Retracted out-of-hospital care and paramedicine-related publications: A scoping review
Creators: name: Julie-Anne Foster
name: Rolley, Adam
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: out-of-hospital
subject: paramedic
subject: retracted publications
subject: prehospital
subject: paramedicine

description: Our work aims to map retracted publications associated with out-of-hospital care and paramedicine.
Generalized Dehn-Sommerville relations for hypergraphs
Creators: name: Grujic, Vladimir
name: Stojadinovic, Tanja
name: Jojic, Dusko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 16T05, 16T30, 05C65, 05E45

description: The generalized Dehn-Sommerville relations determine the odd subalgebra of the combinatorial Hopf algebra. We introduce a class of eulerian hypergraphs that satisfy the generalized Dehn-Sommerville relations for the combinatorial Hopf algebra of hypergraphs. We characterize a wide class of eulerian hypergraphs according to the combinatorics of underlying clutters. The analogous results hold for simplicial complexes by the isomorphism which is induced from the correspondence of clutters and simplicial complexes.
description: 13 pages; changes in the statement and proof of Theorem 3.8 and Theorem 3.10; Proposition 3.3 and Lemma 3.9 are removed; Proposition 3.11 is added; minor changes elsewhere
title: Η επίδραση των e-games στην κοινωνική ενσωμάτωση των παιδιών με Διαταραχές Φάσματος Αυτισμού (ΔΦΑ)
title: The effect of e-games on the social integration of children with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD)
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Φιλιππή, Ευγενία
Publisher: name: Πανεπιστήμιο Πελοποννήσου
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Αυτιστικά παιδιά
subject: Βιντεοπαιχνίδια - Κοινωνικές απόψεις
subject: Βιντεοπαιχνίδια - Ψυχολογικές απόψεις
subject: Bιντεοπαιχνίδια στην εκπαίδευση
subject: Ηλεκτρονικός αθλητισμός
subject: Ηλεκτρονικά παιχνίδια
subject: Διαταραχές αυτιστικού φάσματος
subject: Autism in children
subject: Video games - Social aspects
subject: Video games - Psychological aspects
subject: Video games in education
subject: Esports
subject: Electronic games
subject: Autism spectrum disorders
subject: Διαταραχές Φάσματος Αυτισμού
subject: Εκπαίδευση
subject: Κοινωνικές Δεξιότητες
subject: E-sports
subject: E-games
subject: Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)
subject: Education
subject: Social skills

description: Η αξιοποίηση των νέων τεχνολογιών έχει εισβάλει στις περισσότερες πτυχές της ζωής του ανθρώπου του 21ου αιώνα. Η μάθηση μέσω των ψηφιακών παιχνιδιών θεωρείται το μαθησιακό ρεύμα του μέλλοντος. Τα ψηφιακά παιχνίδια δεν είναι απλά ένα βοηθητικό εργαλείο στα χέρια του εκπαιδευτικού, αλλά το κέντρο της μαθησιακής διαδικασίας. Η τρέχουσα έρευνα στόχευε στον εντοπισμό της αποτελεσματικότητας των e-games σε παιδιά με Διαταραχές στο Φάσμα του Αυτισμού (ΔΦΑ) και συγκεκριμένα στην ανάπτυξη και βελτίωση των κοινωνικών και γνωστικών δεξιοτήτων, τη μείωση των επαναλαμβανόμενων συμπεριφορών και την ομαλή κοινωνική ενσωμάτωση αυτών. Η έρευνα είχε ως υποκείμενα επιστημονικούς κλάδους, λογοθεραπευτές, εργοθεραπευτές, ψυχολόγους, εκπαιδευτικούς, όπως και γονείς παιδιών με διαταραχές στο φάσμα του αυτισμού. Για τη διεξαγωγή της έρευνας πραγματοποιήθηκαν συνεντεύξεις στους προαναφερόμενους συμμετέχοντες σχετικά με την επίδρααη των e-games στην κοινωνική ενσωμάτωση των παιδιών με Διαταραχές στο Φάσμα του Αυτισμού. Τα αποτελέσματα έδειξαν πως τα e-games μπορούν να βελτιώσουν τις κοινωνικές δεξιότητες των παιδιών με διαταραχές στου φάσματος του αυτισμού αν και στη δημόσια εκπαίδευση δεν είναι τόσο διαδεδομένη η χρήση των ψηφιακών παιχνιδιών.
Magnetically Aligned HI Fibers and the Rolling Hough Transform
Creators: name: Clark, S E
name: Peek, J E G
name: Putman, M E
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present observations of a new group of structures in the diffuse Galactic ISM: slender, linear HI features we dub "fibers" that extend for many degrees at high Galactic latitude. To characterize and measure the extent and strength of these fibers, we present the Rolling Hough Transform (RHT), a new machine vision method for parameterizing the coherent linearity of structures in the image plane. With this powerful new tool we show the fibers are oriented along the interstellar magnetic field as probed by starlight polarization. We find that these low column density (N(HI) ~ 5 x 10^18 cm^-2) fiber features are most likely a component of the local cavity wall, about 100 pc away. The HI data we use to demonstrate this alignment at high latitude are from the Galactic Arecibo L-Band Feed Array HI (GALFA-HI) Survey and the Parkes Galactic All Sky Survey (GASS). We find better alignment in the higher resolution GALFA-HI data, where the fibers are more visually evident. This trend continues in our investigation of magnetically aligned linear features in the Riegel-Crutcher HI cold cloud, detected in the Southern Galactic Plane Survey (SGPS). We propose an application of the RHT for estimating the field strength in such a cloud, based on the Chandrasekhar-Fermi method. We conclude that data-driven, quantitative studies of ISM morphology can be very powerful predictors of underlying physical quantities.
description: 13 pages, 13 figures. Accepted to the Astrophysical Journal
title: Silverglide Surgical Technologies (A)
Creators: name: Mullins, John
Publisher: name: London Business School
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: FOS: Economics and business
valueUri: http://www.oecd.org/science/inno/38235147.pdf

description: This is a two-case series. From a rocky perch above the city of Boulder, Colorado, Jon Thorne gazed across the city and onto the great plains that stretched eastward before him. 'There's nothing like a vigorous mountain bike ride into the hills,' Thorne thought, 'when crucial decisions have to be deliberated.' It was a summer afternoon in 1999, and Thorne had devoted much of the past three years developing and taking to market a surgical instrument that he thought had the potential to significantly improve surgical practice. Though the feedback from surgeons had been excellent, Thorne's company, Silverglide Surgical Technologies, Inc, had little to show for his efforts. The $80,000 in start-up capital that Thorne had raised was nearly gone and his company's sales to date 'rounded to zero,' as a member of his advisory board had remarked at a board meeting earlier that week. Was it time to broaden his company's market focus from plastic surgeons into other surgical specialities? Was it time to abandon the probe and develop a new product line? Or should he abandon his entrepreneurial dream and return to a salaried job in the medical products industry from which he had come?
description: LBS Case Code: CS-08-016
title: The Maestro Marin Alsop 'Leading Under a Huge Magnifying Glass'
Creators: name: Peterson, Randall
name: Rollins, Vyla
name: Fletcher, Carrie
Publisher: name: London Business School
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: FOS: Economics and business
valueUri: http://www.oecd.org/science/inno/38235147.pdf

description: This case study follows the career of world-renowned orchestra conductor Marin Alsop. As a gay woman in a blatantly male-dominated (and often sexist) field, Alsop faced significant challenges in her rise to the top of the profession. At virtually every turning point on her unconventional path, Alsop received the message that she should not or could not advance s'“ and yet she did, relying on a nuanced mix of perseverance, self-awareness, and willingness to upend the status quo.
description: LBS Case Code: CS-19-017
title: Simon Cohen (D) Epilogue
Creators: name: Mullins, John
name: Gubbins, Darice
name: Walker, John
Publisher: name: London Business School
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: FOS: Economics and business
valueUri: http://www.oecd.org/science/inno/38235147.pdf

description: This is part of a case series. Simon Cohen parked his Acura SUV outside his Monterrey office, let the fingerprint scanner check his ID to open the door, and jogged upstairs past the huge poster showing containers and cranes at the port of Manzanillo. He paused for a moment in the company's boardroom. Here, a week earlier he had agreed with his business partners how they would restructure the company's ownership, and build on the success of the last 10 years. 'How could Thomas change his mind?' he wondered. Simon shook his head and strode into his office, wondering what to do. Over the previous 10 years, Simon and his three business partners - his brother Jose, Manfred Jaekel and Thomas Kroeger - had built up a successful freight forwarding business, with offices in Monterrey and Guadalajara. Manfred and Thomas ran their own separate, and longer-established branch in Mexico City. Simon had won some large, multinational customers, and had benefited from the increase in imports from China. By focusing on customer service, and by building up a hard-working team, he had grown bigger than the original Mexico City operation. There had been some friction over the years, but Manfred had proposed combining the companies into a group, and after some negotiation a verbal agreement had been struck on 15 August 2007. But, a week later, Thomas had phoned to say that he would not go ahead with the deal they had agreed. Simon was forced to reconsider his options.
description: LBS Case Code: CS-11-015