cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Unbounded Wiener-Hopf Operators and Isomorphic Singular Integral Operators
Creators: name: Castrigiano, Domenico P. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 47G10, 47B35, 47A53, 47B25

description: Some preliminaries and basic facts regarding unbounded Wiener-Hopf operators (WH) are provided. WH with rational symbols are studied in detail showing that they are densely defined closed and have finite dimensional kernels and deficiency spaces. The latter spaces as well as the domains and ranges are explicitly determined. A further topic concerns semibounded WH. Expressing a semibounded WH by a product of a closable operator and its adjoint this representation allows for a natural self-adjoint extension. It is shown that it coincides with the Friedrichs extension. Polar decomposition gives rise to a Hilbert space isomorphism relating semibounded WH to singular integral operators of a well-studied type based on the Hilbert transformation.
Is there an economic case for legume-cereal rotation? A Case of Faba-beans in the Moroccan Wheat Based Production Systems
Creators: name: Yigezu, Y.A.
name: El-Shater, T.
name: Boughlala, M.
name: Bishaw, Z.
name: Niane, A.
name: Aw-Hassan, A.
name: Yigezu, Y.A.
name: El-Shater, T.
name: Boughlala, M.
name: Bishaw, Z.
name: Niane, A.
name: Aw-Hassan, A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2018
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries

description: While the impacts of legume-cereal rotations on soil health are well documented, the literature on their economic benefits, especially in dry areas is scanty. By applying the propensity score matching and endogenous switching regression methods to a nationally representative sample of 1,230 farm households from Morocco, this paper provided empirical evidence that the individual and combined adoption of improved varieties of faba-beans and legume-wheat rotations lead to higher yields, farm income and household consumption. Considering a two-year period, the simultaneous adoption of both faba-bean-wheat rotation and improved faba-bean varieties led to $875/ha (136%%) higher net returns relative to wheat mono-cropping. In the face of these very high benefits, high risk of losing faba-bean crops due to pests, diseases or drought explain the low adoption of rotation and improved varieties which are at 26% and 16% respectively. For reaping both the economic and environmental benefits of faba-beans, Morocco and other similar countries in the dry areas will need to invest on the development of varieties with better pest and diseases resistance, introduce crop insurance and different incentive systems, and create better access to extension and certified seed delivery services that induce wider adoption of improved varieties and legume-cereal rotations. Acknowledgement : Funding for this research was obtained from CRP-WHEAT and the EU-IFAD project on Enhanced small holder wheat cropping systems to improve food security under changing climate in the drylands of West Asia and North Africa.
title: Silsesquioxanes : alternative approaches and methods of synthesis.
Creators: name: Maesano, Maria Grazia
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 2005

description: The synthesis of silsesquioxanes from chlorosilanes has been investigated in this thesis using the “non aqueous” hydrolysis approach. DMSO (dimethylsulfoxide) has been used as a source of oxygen for the “non aqueous” hydrolysis involving di- and trichlorosilanes. With dichlorosilanes the reaction led to D rings and in particular to a D3 ring according to the following scheme: O Cl Me2 SiCL, + H3 C-S-CH 3 (Me2 SiO)n + HjC-S^CH, Cl' Under the conditions of the reaction, D3 is converted into larger and more stable rings such as D4 and D5. Other oxygen donor compounds have been studied and, as for DMSO, the result was the formation of D3 which was subsequently converted into larger rings. The mechanism has also been investigated and we found that D ring formation occurs via the formation of a,co-dichlorosiloxanes which are converted to D rings via an intramolecular cyclisation. DMSO has also been used to react with trichlorosilanes leading to cages. As for the conventional hydrolysis we expected the formation of T8 cages but to our surprise we obtained T6. Several trichlorosilanes are commercially available and so we performed the “non aqueous” hydrolysis using trichlorosilanes with a range of substituents. This provided a route to different T6s from the trichlorosilane which have previously been unobtainable. We also synthesised trichloroilanes via hydrosilylation in order to obtain trichlorosilanes carrying other functionalities which could be used to synthesise a new set of T6s which again could not be prepared by ordinary hydrolysis. We performed the “non aqueous” hydrolysis of trichlorosilanes using the other oxygen donor compounds but the results were not as satisfactory as with DMSO. Our last aim was the synthesis of cages (in particular T8 cages) carrying different arms on he silicon atoms. The synthesis of cyclic cis-polyols was the first step to achieve this aim. We used a range of approaches to the synthesis of the polyols but the most satisfactory was Shchegolikhina’s method. With this method we were able to isolate a number of new product such as the cis cyclopentyltriol and the cis cyclohexyltetrol.
Emilius Clark Dudley
Creators: name: Dudley, Katherine
Publisher: name: Galter Health Science Library & Learning Center
Year: 2016

description: Oil on canvas portrait of Dr. Emilius Clark Dudley by artist Katherine Dudley. B/W photo of framed colored portrait, measuring 99 cm H x 79 cm W x 6 cm D, housed in Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL. Plaque, attached to portrait and measuring 2.5 cm H x 10.2 cm W reads: Emilius Clark Dudley Department of Gynecology 1882-1928 Northwestern University Medical School. The portrait was unveiled at the dedication of the Montgomery Ward Memorial Building in June 1927 and added to the collection of the Archibald Church Library. (Source: p. 55-56 IN: Dedication of the Montgomery Ward Memorial Building, Northwestern University Medical School, Alexander McKinlock Memorial Campus, Chicago, c.1929, Northwestern University Medical School)
Off-equilibrium fluctuation-dissipation relation in a spin glass
Creators: name: Herisson, Didier
name: Ocio, Miguel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report new experimental results obtained onthe insulating spin glass CdCrInS_4. Our experimental setup allows a quantitative comparison between thethermo-remanent magnetization and the autocorrelation of spontaneous fluctuations of magnetization, yielding acomplete determination of the fluctuation-dissipationrelation. The dynamics can be studied both in thequasi-equilibrium regime, where the fluctuation-dissipation theorem holds, and in the deeply aging regime. The limit of separation of time-scales, as used in analytical calculations, can be approached by use of a scaling procedure.
description: Minor changes, accepted for publication in EPJ-B
The Global Effects of Widespread Adoption of Climate Smart Agriculture
Creators: name: De Pinto, A.
name: De Pinto, A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2018
Subjects: Environmental Economics and Policy

description: Climate Smart Agriculture (CSA) is a relatively new approach to agricultural development that aims at increasing productivity in the agricultural sector under changing climate regimes while reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. We perform an ex-ante assessment of the effects of widespread adoption of CSA by linking spatially-disaggregated data from three different models and focus on three crops, maize, wheat, and rice, which represent about 41% of the global harvested area and 64 % of GHG emissions generated by crop production. The impact of adoption of selected CSA practices is evaluated against a plausible business-as-usual scenario for the period 2010 2050 under two climate change scenarios. We find that the highest possible impact of the CSA practices considered is to increase global maize and wheat production by about 4%, and global rice production by 9%. These changes lead to a decrease in the number of people at risk of hunger estimated to be between 23 and 40 million worldwide. Average annual reduction of GHG emissions ranges between 44 and 101 Mt CO2 e. While substantial, this reduction is only 4 10% of the estimated global reduction in emissions from the agricultural sector necessary to remain below a 2 C warming. Acknowledgement : We would like to thank Jennifer Lieberman, Daniel Mason-D'Croz, and Keith Wiebe for their help and useful comments. The authors take sole responsibility for the opinions expressed within this article. The authors acknowledge the generous support of the CGIAR Research Program on Policies, Institutions, and Markets (PIM) led by the International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI) and funded by CGIAR Fund Donors and the CGIAR Research Program on Climate Change, Agriculture, and Food Security, which is carried out with support from CGIAR Fund Donors and through bilateral funding agreements. For details, please visit https://ccafs.cgiar.org.
Consideration of the Possibility of Rail Commuter Service on the Railroads Entering Washington From the Southwest
Creators: name: Brookings, Jr., Walter DuBois
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: The purpose of this study is to investigate and report on the possibility of increased commuter service on the Richmond, Frederiksburg and Potomac Railroad for Washington, and the possibility of activation of commuter service on the Southern and on the Washington and Old Dominion Railways for Washington within a period helpful to solve the present problem of traffic congestion in the Washington area.
The isotropic-cholesteric phase transition of filamentous virus suspensions as a function of rod length and charge
Creators: name: Purdy, Kirstin
name: Fraden, Seth
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The viruses studied are genetically engineered, charged, semiflexible filamentous bacteriophages that are structurally identical to M13 virus, but differ either in contour length or surface charge. While varying contour length (L) we assume the persistence length (P) remains constant, and thus we alter the rod flexibility (L/P). Surface charge is altered both by changing solution pH and by comparing two viruses, fd and M13, which differ only by the substitution of one charged for one neutral amino acid per virus coat protein. We measure both the isotropic and cholesteric coexistence concentrations as well as the nematic order parameter after unwinding the cholesteric phase in a magnetic field. The isotropic-cholesteric transition experimental results agree semi-quantitatively with theoretical predictions for semiflexible, charged rods.
description: For more information see http://www.elsie.brandeis.edu
Renewable Electricity Grids, Battery Storage and Missing Money: An Alberta Case Study
Creators: name: Duan, J.
name: McKenna, A.
name: Van Kooten, G.C.
name: Liu, S.
name: Duan, J.
name: McKenna, A.
name: Van Kooten, G.C.
name: Liu, S.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2018
Subjects: Resource/Energy Economics and Policy

description: In this study, we simulate a hybrid renewable energy system with battery storage to power the Alberta grid, to meet the province s goal of phasing out coal-fired power plants by 2030. In doing so, we study the optimal generation mix based on wind, solar, and load data, and we consider the so-called missing money problem in determining how Alberta will be able to facilitate a shift away from fossil fuels sustainably. We find that high carbon tax rates allow for higher levels of wind integration and introduce battery storage into the model, while solar energy remains economically infeasible. This allows the grid to depart from using combined-cycle gas plants to meet base load, though we find that combustion gas turbines are still necessary to act as peakers. One of economic consequence of this situation is that missing money problem is exacerbated, and then a compensation mechanism like the capacity market is necessary for the sake of electricity source adequacy and reliability. Despite this, renewable capacity factors in Alberta are potentially high, and as costs decline in the future, renewable energy will play a key role in meeting energy demand. Acknowledgement :
X-rays from Clusters of Galaxies
Creators: name: Fabian, A. C.
name: Allen, S. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The X-ray emission from clusters of galaxies enables them to be used as good cosmological probes and as an example for massive galaxy formation. The gas mass fraction in clusters should be a universal standard which by means of Chandra observations enables Omega_m to be determined to better than 15 per cent accuracy. Future observations of its apparent variation with redshift will enable Omega_Lambda to be measured. The interplay of radiative cooling and heating in cluster cores may reveal the dominant processes acting during the formation of the baryonic part of massive galaxies.
description: 12 pages, 10 figures, to appear in the proceedings of the XXI Texas Symposium on Relativistic Astrophysics held on December 9--13 2002, in Florence, Italy
Demographic, parental, and home environment correlates of traditional and mobile screen time in preschool-aged children
Creators: name: Rai, Jasmine
name: Kuzik, Nicholas
name: Carson, Valerie
Publisher: name: The Health & Fitness Journal of Canada
Year: 2022

description: Background: Research on the correlates of screen time in young children that could be targeted in future interventions to improve healthy development has primarily focused on TV viewing with little consideration of mobile devices. Purpose: The objectives of this study were to examine the associations between a broad range of demographic, parental, and home environment correlates and preschool-aged children’s TV/video viewing, video/computer game playing, and total screen time across traditional and mobile devices. Methods: The results of this cross-sectional study are based on 106 preschool-aged children (3-5 years) and their parents recruited in 2018 for the Parent-Child Movement Behaviours and Preschool Children’s Development study in Edmonton, Canada. Children’s demographic information as well as parental demographic information, home characteristics, and information about parental and children’s screen time use was measured using a parent questionnaire. Simple and multiple linear regression models were conducted. Results: Parental screen time was positively associated with children’s screen time across all types of screen time (Model R2=13-29%). No other demographic variables were significantly associated with children’s screen time. Additionally, significant associations of technology interference and presence of electronics in the bedroom with children’s screen time were attenuated in the multiple regression models. Conclusions: Parental screen time appears important to target in future family-based screen time interventions. Future studies should explore potential mediating or moderating variables between parental screen time and children’s screen time. Funding: Valerie Carson’s internal funding from the Faculty of Kinesiology, Sport, & Recreation at the University of Alberta.
description: The Health & Fitness Journal of Canada, Vol. 14 No. 3 (2021): Proceedings from the 8th International Society for Physical Activity and Health Congress
The economics of multiple interventions to achieve holistic outcomes: Pilot evidence from Ethiopia
Creators: name: Kassie, M.
name: Ledermann, S.
name: Diiro, G.
name: Tefera, T.
name: Ballo, S.
name: Belayhun, L.
name: Kassie, M.
name: Ledermann, S.
name: Diiro, G.
name: Tefera, T.
name: Ballo, S.
name: Belayhun, L.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2018
Subjects: Health Economics and Policy

description: The growth and development of many African countries is restricted by human, livestock, and crop health related constraints. For instance, Trypanosomiasis affects both humans and livestock, malaria remains a public health burden, and crop pests such as cereal stemborers cause huge yield losses. Solutions that address several of these constraints can make a significant contribution to the economic development of Africa. This paper examines the economic implication of four ecological interventions introduced in a pilot study in rural Ethiopia to control Trypanosomiasis, malaria and stemborers, in addition to livelihood diversifications and income generation via an additional beekeeping intervention. We develop a multi-period linear programming model to analyze the economic implication of these interventions both individually and in combination using the objective function. Our model simulation results demonstrate that all interventions individually substantially increase discounted net income and resources productivity by 11 to 94 percent compared to the baseline farming system. However the cumulative impact achieved was 33 percent larger when the interventions are introduced jointly, suggesting synergetic benefits of interventions. Our results hence support an integrated approach to development and provide important insights for development practitioners and policymakers alike to break the silos per the United Nations Agenda 2030. Acknowledgement : This work was supported with co-funding from Biovision Foundation, Switzerland, and core financial support provided to icipe by aid from the UK government.
Noninvasive brain stimulation combined with exercise in chronic pain: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Creators: name: Cardenas-Rojas, Alejandra
name: Pacheco-Barrios, Kevin
name: Giannoni-Luza, Stefano
name: Rivera-Torrejon, Oscar
name: Fregni, Felipe
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Science Policy

description: Background: The use of noninvasive brain stimulation (NIBS) combined with exercise could produce synergistic effects on chronic pain conditions. This study aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of NIBS combined with exercise to treat chronic pain as well as to describe the parameters used to date in this combination. Methods: The search was carried out in Medline, Central, Scopus, Embase, and Pedro until November 2019. Randomized clinical trials (RCTs) and quasi-experimental studies reporting the use of noninvasive brain stimulation and exercise on patients with chronic pain were selected and revised. Results: The authors included eight studies (RCTs), reporting eight comparisons (219 participants). Authors found a significant and homogeneous pain decrease (ES: −0.62, 95% CI:-0.89 to −0.34; I2 = 0.0%) in favor of the combined intervention compared to sham NIBS + exercise, predominantly by excitatory (anodal tDCS/rTMS) motor cortex stimulation. Regarding NIBS techniques, the pooled effect sizes were significant for both tDCS (ES: −0.59, 95% CI: −0.89 to −0.29, I2 = 0.0%) and rTMS (ES: −0.76, 95% CI: −1.41 to −0.11, I2 = 0.0%). Conclusions: This meta-analysis suggests a significant moderate to large effects of the NIBS and exercise combination in chronic pain. The authors discuss the potential theoretical framework for this synergistic effect.
Consideration of the Possibility of Rail Commuter Service on the Railroads Entering Washington From the Southwest
Creators: name: Brookings, Jr., Walter DuBois
Publisher: name: ProQuest
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 3509
subject: Transportation, logistics and supply chains

description: The purpose of this study is to investigate and report on the possibility of increased commuter service on the Richmond, Frederiksburg and Potomac Railroad for Washington, and the possibility of activation of commuter service on the Southern and on the Washington and Old Dominion Railways for Washington within a period helpful to solve the present problem of traffic congestion in the Washington area.
How could local government s policies improve air quality? -Empirical analysis to check local government s policies to deal with air pollution in Hangzhou, China
Creators: name: Ye, C.
name: Zhuo, N.
name: Ye, C.
name: Zhuo, N.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2018
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy

description: Air pollution is a very serious problem facing hznaghou of China. The local government in Hangzhou has implemented lottery system for license plate application, traffic ban in rush-hours and investment in subway system to decrease automobile exhaust. The main research objective of this paper is to evaluate the effectiveness of these policies on the air pollution. The data analyzed in this paper include four pollutants (PM2.5, PM10, NO2, SO2) daily concentration (unit: ?g/m ), which is provided by the Environmental Protection Bureau of Zhejiang province. We use both OLS regression and regression discontinuity analysis to check the effects of the three policies memtion above. From the regression results, we find that the "lottery license plate", "rush hour traffic quota" , and subway system expansion all policies improved air quality in Hangzhou. Acknowledgement : Chunhui Ye gratefully acknowledges China National Science Foundation (Project 71773113) as well as Zhejiang University for financial support.
title: The stability of orbits of putative Earth-mass planets or satellites of giant planets within known exoplanetary systems.
Creators: name: Underwood, David R
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 2007

description: The movement of the habitable zone of 55 stars from 0.5 to 1.5 Solar masses and 0.75% to 5% metallicity were modelled over their main sequence lifetimes. 156 stars known to have planetary systems had their mass and metallicity matched to their nearest model, giving approximate habitable zones, which were compared with their giant planet(s)’s orbital range and gravitational reach. Habitable zones lying outside a giant’s gravitational reach for one billion years (two billion years after star birth) could host an Earth-mass planet in a stable confined orbit long enough for life to develop. Low eccentricity giant orbits confined to the habitable zone could also host Earth-mass satellites. Results show 85 of 156 exosystems could house a habitable Earth-mass body over the last billion years, 113 could do so for at least a billion years at sometime during their main sequence lifetimes, excluding the heavy bombardment period.

An orbital integrator computer program modelled orbits of Earth-mass planets in the habitable zones of x1 Gruis, HD 196050, HD 52265, 55 Cancri, and Earth-mass giant planet satellites in HD 23079 and HD 28185. The integrator’s predictions for satellite orbits were shown to comply with restricted three-body problem theory. ‘Earths’ were ‘launched’ at different distances from the star or planet and their orbital parameters monitored with time until the program concluded after either one billion years, 100 million years, or a cataclysmic event. Orbits lasting the full run time are assumed to remain stable for the star’s main sequence lifetime. Results reveal the possibility of habitable Earth-mass planets around HD 52265, 55 Cancri, and satellites around the giants of HD 23079 and HD 28185. The x1 Gruis system cannot host a habitable ‘Earth’ whereas HD 196050 could, provided the planet’s semimajor axis was at the inner 20% of the habitable zone width.
Positive maps and trace polynomials from the symmetric group
Creators: name: Huber, Felix
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: With techniques borrowed from quantum information theory, we develop a method to systematically obtain operator inequalities and identities in several matrix variables. These take the form of trace polynomials: polynomial-like expressions that involve matrix monomials $X_{α_1} \cdots X_{α_r}$ and their traces $\operatorname{tr}(X_{α_1} \cdots X_{α_r})$. Our method rests on translating the action of the symmetric group on tensor product spaces into that of matrix multiplication. As a result, we extend the polarized Cayley-Hamilton identity to an operator inequality on the positive cone, characterize the set of multilinear equivariant positive maps in terms of Werner state witnesses, and construct permutation polynomials and tensor polynomial identities on tensor product spaces. We give connections to concepts in quantum information theory and invariant theory.
description: 28 pages, 3 figures, 2 tables. Extensively rewritten: asymmetric maps, proof for Motzkin matrix polynomial, and connections to QIT added. Comments welcome!
Out Sailing
Creators: name: Black, G. V. (Greene Vardiman), 1836-1915.
Publisher: name: DigitalHub. Galter Health Sciences Library & Learning Center
Year: 1886
Subjects: subject: Sailing
subject: Recreation
subject: Microbe (Sailboat)
subject: Recreation
subject: Sailing

description: Includes drawings of the Microbe, designed by Dr. Black
Hidden in Plain Sight: Obfuscated Strings Threatening Your Privacy
Creators: name: Glanz, Leonid
name: Müller, Patrick
name: Baumgärtner, Lars
name: Reif, Michael
name: Amann, Sven
name: Anthonysamy, Pauline
name: Mezini, Mira
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: String obfuscation is an established technique used by proprietary, closed-source applications to protect intellectual property. Furthermore, it is also frequently used to hide spyware or malware in applications. In both cases, the techniques range from bit-manipulation over XOR operations to AES encryption. However, string obfuscation techniques/tools suffer from one shared weakness: They generally have to embed the necessary logic to deobfuscate strings into the app code. In this paper, we show that most of the string obfuscation techniques found in malicious and benign applications for Android can easily be broken in an automated fashion. We developed StringHound, an open-source tool that uses novel techniques that identify obfuscated strings and reconstruct the originals using slicing. We evaluated StringHound on both benign and malicious Android apps. In summary, we deobfuscate almost 30 times more obfuscated strings than other string deobfuscation tools. Additionally, we analyzed 100,000 Google Play Store apps and found multiple obfuscated strings that hide vulnerable cryptographic usages, insecure internet accesses, API keys, hard-coded passwords, and exploitation of privileges without the awareness of the developer. Furthermore, our analysis reveals that not only malware uses string obfuscation but also benign apps make extensive use of string obfuscation.
description: to appear in ASIA CCS 20, Taipei, Taiwan
UBC Emergency Water Supply System
Creators: name: Colin, Irving
name: Gordon, Erin
name: Henderson, Meaghan
name: Menezes, Wolvi
name: Mung, Dorothy
name: Pan, Wendy
name: Scott, Jeremy
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2018

description: Aquastor Inc. has been selected to design an emergency water supply system for the University of British Columbia’s Vancouver Campus. There is currently no water supply on campus and failure of existing supply lines from Metro Vancouver would result in no water supply in the area. Aquastor has designed a resilient system to provide the campus with water during emergency situations. Based on current and future use, and applications of World Health Organization and AWWA Guidelines, a capacity of 10 million litres has been selected. Aquastor’s design consists of two five million litre reinforced concrete tanks, constructed underneath UBC’s Ken Woods Field. A secant pile wall system will resist lateral loading, while a friction pile foundation system will increase earthquake resistance and bearing capacity. Construction will take approximately six months, with estimated completion in October 2018. The overall cost of the project is $12.8 million. The completed project will provide emergency water supplies to the Vancouver campus, while minimally impacting the environment and surrounding areas. The design is extremely resilient and has a high factor of safety, and is the best option for this design. Disclaimer: “UBC SEEDS provides students with the opportunity to share the findings of their studies, as well as their opinions, conclusions and recommendations with the UBC community. The reader should bear in mind that this is a student project/report and is not an official document of UBC. Furthermore readers should bear in mind that these reports may not reflect the current status of activities at UBC. We urge you to contact the research persons mentioned in a report or the SEEDS Coordinator about the current status of the subject matter of a project/report.”
Changes in adolescent 24-hour movement guideline adherence and its impact on mental wellbeing during COVID-19
Creators: name: Cheng, Alan
name: Brown, Denver
name: Rhodes, Ryan
name: Kwan, Matthew
Publisher: name: The Health & Fitness Journal of Canada
Year: 2022

description: Background: Studies have found major changes in movement behaviours and mental health outcomes during COVID-19. Few, however, have been longitudinal, and none has investigated how changes in movement behaviours have impacted mental wellbeing. Purpose: This study examines changes in Canadian 24-hour Movement Guideline adherence among adolescents prior to and during COVID-19, and how these changes relate to flourishing, self-esteem, and resiliency. Methods: Sample included adolescents (N=588; n=350 females) that completed data collection during the Fall as part of the ADAPT study. Participants completed self-reported measures of movement behaviours (moderate-to-vigorous physical activity [MVPA], screen time [ST], and sleep) and mental wellbeing. Results: Overall, adolescents’ adherence to MVPA and ST guidelines decreased 57%-to-45% and 21%-to-12%, respectively, while sleep adherence remained similar (22% versus 23%). Conditional change models demonstrated sustained sleep and MVPA guideline adherence were associated with greater flourishing (Estimate=0.22, SE:0.09 and Estimate=0.14, SE:0.07, respectively), while sustained sleep was related to improved self-esteem (Estimate=0.82, SE:0.40). Sustained MVPA and ST guideline adherence were associated with greater resiliency (Estimate=0.33, SE:0.09, and Estimate=0.32, SE:0.16, respectively). Meeting additional guidelines compared to baseline was associated with higher self-esteem (Estimate= 0.29, SE: 0.13). Conclusions: COVID-19 has negatively impacted adolescents’ adherence to 24-hour movement guidelines. However, evidence indicates that adolescents who continue to meet guidelines may experience better mental wellbeing; suggesting health behaviour promotion as a priority for youth during COVID-19. Funding: The ADAPT study is funded by an Insight Grant from Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada.
description: The Health & Fitness Journal of Canada, Vol. 14 No. 3 (2021): Proceedings from the 8th International Society for Physical Activity and Health Congress
Why farmers consider pesticides the ultimate in crop protection: economic and behavioral insights
Creators: name: Carpentier, A.
name: Reboud, X.
name: Carpentier, A.
name: Reboud, X.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2018
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries

description: The observed dependence of current crop production on chemical crop protection is largely due to economic and technological factors. High yield and specialized cropping systems require high crop protection levels and pesticides allow achieving such protection levels at reasonable (private) costs. The main aim of this article is to show that behavioral factors may reinforce the effects of these economic and technological factors on farmers considering pesticides the ultimate in crop protection. Choice mechanisms described by K?szegi and Rabin (2007) imply that individual attitudes toward a given risk are endogenous in the sense that they depend on the best available means to cope with this risk. Building on this extension of Prospect Theory, we show that farmers exhibit strong aversion toward crop health risks when pesticide prices are relatively low. Indeed, the cheaper the pesticides, the higher the crop protection levels farmers refer to when considering pesticide sprays, and the more they feel that choosing low crop protection levels entails unacceptable risk taking. Our analysis also suggests that pesticide prices play a more important role in farmers crop protection choices than previously recognized. In particular, we show that pesticide taxes would unambiguously reduce farmers pesticide uses, by reducing pesticide profitability as well as farmers aversion toward crop health risks. Acknowledgement :
Park's attendance during covid-19 in the Metropolitan Guadalajara Area: perceptions of users and built environment
Creators: name: Ortiz-Brunel, Julissa
name: Pérez-Maravilla, José
name: Ascanio-Sandoval, Cristina
name: Lee, Rebecca
name: López-Taylor, Juan
name: Jáuregui-Ulloa, Edtna
Publisher: name: The Health & Fitness Journal of Canada
Year: 2022

description: evaluate the park user’s perception about their physical activity (PA) and parks’ quality after a post-lockdown period in the Metropolitan Area of ​​Guadalajara in Mexico. Methods: This is a descriptive and cross-sectional study. We assessed park infrastructure using the Physical Activity Resources Assessment instrument (PARA) and the park users’ perception with an exploratory perception questionnaire of COVID-19 and physical activity attitudes. The sample was 11 parks (Parks Without Access Control [PWAC]: n = 4, Parks With Access Control [PAC]: n = 3, and Linear Parks [LP]: n = 4) from the Metropolitan Area of ​​Guadalajara. Results: The PARA showed a 66.63% of the parks (n=11) have access points and bathrooms. According to the COVID-19 spread prevention strategies, 54.5% of parks did not have a sanitary station at the access points, and only 27.3% have temperature measurement or antibacterial gel application. More than half (66.7%) of the interviewed participants (n=30) perceived decreased physical activity levels during the pandemic. On the other hand, 91.2% of users considered it beneficial to be active during the pandemic; nevertheless, 83.3% did not perform physical activity at home. Conclusions: People show an interest in parks and their benefits during the pandemic. Therefore, it is necessary to evaluate built environment spaces for PA, like parks, and user’s perceptions to create effective PA promotion strategies in secure places. Funding: None.
description: The Health & Fitness Journal of Canada, Vol. 14 No. 3 (2021): Proceedings from the 8th International Society for Physical Activity and Health Congress
Determining carrier densities in InMnAs by cyclotron resonance
Creators: name: Sanders, G. D.
name: Sun, Y.
name: Stanton, C. J.
name: Khodaparast, G. A.
name: Kono, J.
name: King, D. S.
name: Matsuda, Y. H.
name: Ikeda, S.
name: Miura, N.
name: Oiwa, A.
name: Munekata, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Accurate determination of carrier densities in ferromagnetic semiconductors by Hall measurements is hindered by the anomalous Hall effect, and thus alternative methods are being sought. Here, we propose that cyclotron resonance (CR) is an excellent method for carrier density determination for InMnAs-based magnetic structures. We develop a theory for electronic and magneto-optical properties in narrow gap InMnAs films and superlattices in ultrahigh magnetic fields oriented along [001]. In n-type InMnAs films and superlattices, we find that the e-active CR peak field is pinned at low electron densities and then begins to shift rapidly to higher fields above a critical electron concentration allowing the electron density to be accurately calibrated. In p-type InMnAs, we observe two h-active CR peaks due to heavy and light holes. The lineshapes depend on temperature and line broadening. The light hole CR requires higher hole densities and fields. Analyzing CR lineshapes in p-films and superlattices can help determine hole densities.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures
Pre-pandemic stress and current mood predicts sedentary older adults' social and psychological stress about COVID-19
Creators: name: Webber, Amanda
name: Contreras, Alejandra
name: Milligan, Kirsten
name: Garcia-Barrera, Mauricio
Publisher: name: The Health & Fitness Journal of Canada
Year: 2022

description: Background: Physical activity (PA) benefits mental health and stress; however, older adults report a reduction in PA during the last year of the pandemic. Purpose: Utilizing data from the baseline assessment of a randomized control trial administering physical exercise training, this study examines the impact of mental health, and PA and stress (before and during COVID-19) on the perceived threat (PTC) and psychological impact (PIC) of COVID-19 in Canadian older adults. Methods: 58 older adults (Mage=68.7; 76% female) reporting lower levels of current PA, were assessed for self-reported stress (before and during COVID-19), depressive symptoms (Geriatric Depression Scale), anxiety (Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7), and PTC and PIC (Social Psychological Measurements of COVID-19). Multivariate multiple regression was used to evaluate the impact of anxiety, depression, and PA and stress (before and during COVID-19) on PTC and PIC. Results: PA (before and during COVID) did not predict PTC or PIC. PIC was predicted by high levels of stress before COVID-19 (b=0.35, p
description: The Health & Fitness Journal of Canada, Vol. 14 No. 3 (2021): Proceedings from the 8th International Society for Physical Activity and Health Congress
A systematic review of the role of religious communities during the early stage of COVID-19
Creators: name: Lee, Mikyung
name: Lim, Heejun
name: Xavier, Merin
name: Lee, Eun-Young
Publisher: name: The Health & Fitness Journal of Canada
Year: 2022

description: Background: One of the main avenues that has contributed to outbreaks and community transmissions of COVID-19 is religion, particularly religious communities. At the same time, various religious communities have participated in controlling COVID-19 and mitigating its negative impact on human health and well-being. Purpose: To summarize the roles that religious communities played during the early stage of the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: Literature were searched on seven databases between February and July 2020. Exposures considered to be eligible were practices and activities related to religious communities, New Religious Movements (or cults), and/or theology. Empirical studies that report the incidence, outbreak, spread, and/or mitigation of COVID-19 in relation to religious communities, institutions, ritual practices and/or activities were included. Results: Out of 64 observations in 54 articles included in this review, 28.1% (n=18) was related to the detrimental role of religion such as contributing to outbreaks of COVID-19 or causing mistrust/misinformation towards science and public health guidelines among religious groups. The majority of articles (71.9%; n=46) have addressed the beneficial roles of religion where different religious communities have contributed to mitigating the infection, adapting safe approaches to practice religious practices, and helping affected people to cope with mental, social, and emotional health during this unprecedented time. Conclusions: Religious communities have played both detrimental and beneficial role in dealing with COVID-19 pandemic. Key policy recommendations included cancelling religious gatherings and events to mitigate transmission and collaborating with science and government bodies to develop effective mitigation and adaptation strategies to maintain public health during COVID-19 pandemic. Funding: The authors received no financial support for the research, authorship, and submission of this abstract.
description: The Health & Fitness Journal of Canada, Vol. 14 No. 3 (2021): Proceedings from the 8th International Society for Physical Activity and Health Congress
Comparison of a fall prevention exercise program offered online and in-person for older adults
Creators: name: Pitre, Vanessa
name: Sénéchal, Martin
name: Bouchard, Danielle
Publisher: name: The Health & Fitness Journal of Canada
Year: 2022

description: Background: In some cases, older adults have limited access to community programs to reduce the risk of falls. Online delivery increases accessibility, but their effectiveness is unknown. Purpose: To compare an online and in-person delivery exercise program offered to older adults aiming to reduce risk of falls. Methods: The Zoomers on the Go program is a peer-led exercise program offered for 12 weeks, two times per week to adults age 50+. The program includes resistance exercise, balance, and flexibility. The in-person group completed the intervention in 2017-2018, while the online group did the intervention in 2020-2021. The primary outcomes were lower body strength (30-second chair stand), and the one leg stance balance (seconds). Results: A total of 100 participants (66.4 ± 7.4 years old) in the online group and 95 participants in the in-person group (67.1± 7.0 years old) attended 17.2 ± 5.9 and 16.2 ± 5.4 sessions (p=0.3). Participants in the in-person and online groups improved lower body strength (pre 14.4 ± 2.8, post 17.0 ± 4.16; p< 0.05 vs. pre 14.1 ± 4.3 post 17.5 ±5.08; p<0.05) without any difference between groups (p=0.08). While balance was significantly improved in the in-person group (pre 27.2 ± 14.7 post 32.4 ± 14.6; p <0.01) and not in the online group pre (36.5 ± 13.7 post 38.0 ± 12.5; p<0.03) the difference between the group was not significant. Conclusions: Online exercise program delivery improves physical function in older adults; however, their functional benefits appear to be similar to in-person delivery. Funding: Healthy Seniors Pilot Project- Public Health Agency of Canada.
description: The Health & Fitness Journal of Canada, Vol. 14 No. 3 (2021): Proceedings from the 8th International Society for Physical Activity and Health Congress
"STAND IF YOU CAN": A 22-week, single-blind, randomized controlled trial to evaluate gait speed in residents in a standing intervention in long term care
Creators: name: Bouchard, Danielle
name: Cooling, Kendra
name: Gallibois, Molly
name: Sénéchal, Martin
name: Hebert, Jeff
name: McGibbon, Chris
name: Read, Emily
name: Jarret, Pamela
name: Caissie, Linda
name: Handrigan, Grant
Publisher: name: The Health & Fitness Journal of Canada
Year: 2022

description: Background: Many long-term care residents do not have the physical capacity to participate in structured exercise programs. Purpose: To examine the effects of a standing intervention on gait speed in a long-term care setting. Methods: Long-term care residents (70% female, 85 ± 7 years) were randomized 1:1 to a control or standing intervention using a cluster of four residences. Participants in the intervention attended 20-minute sessions comprising social interaction with assisted standing, five days per week for 22 weeks- for a goal of 100 minutes weekly. Participants in the control group received equal time in the same social interaction while sitting. The primary outcome was gait speed measured with the 10-metre walking test. ANCOVA adjusted for baseline gait speed was used to assess the impact of the intervention adjusted for baseline walking speed. Results: 96 participants completed the intervention with an average of 41.9 ± 30.3 minutes/week in the intervention group and 48.4 ± 22.8 minutes/week in the control group. ANCOVA yielded no significant between-group effect for gait speed when controlling for baseline gait speed in neither the intervention group (0.38 ± 0.14 to 0.37 ± 0.16 m/sec) nor the control group (0.44 ± 0.14 to 0.47 ± 0.22 m/sec). However, 15% of the intervention group exceeded the 0.1m/sec threshold for minimal important change. Conclusions: Standing for 48 minutes extra weekly did not increase gait speed in long-term care residents. Future research should examine how to increase attendance or the effects of standing on different outcomes that are relevant for residents in long-term care settings. Funding: Canadian Frailty Network.
description: The Health & Fitness Journal of Canada, Vol. 14 No. 3 (2021): Proceedings from the 8th International Society for Physical Activity and Health Congress
TurboPy: A Lightweight Python Framework for Computational Physics
Creators: name: Richardson, A. S.
name: Gordon, D. F.
name: Swanekamp, S. B.
name: Rittersdorf, I. M.
name: Adamson, P. E.
name: Grannis, O. S.
name: Morgan, G. T.
name: Ostenfeld, A.
name: Phlips, K. L.
name: Sun, C. G.
name: Tang, G.
name: Watkins, D. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Computational physics problems often have a common set of aspects to them that any particular numerical code will have to address. Because these aspects are common to many problems, having a framework already designed and ready to use will not only speed the development of new codes, but also enhance compatibility between codes. Some of the most common aspects of computational physics problems are: a grid, a clock which tracks the flow of the simulation, and a set of models describing the dynamics of various quantities on the grid. Having a framework that could deal with these basic aspects of the simulation in a common way could provide great value to computational scientists by solving various numerical and class design issues that routinely arise. This paper describes the newly developed computational framework that we have built for rapidly prototyping new physics codes. This framework, called turboPy, is a lightweight physics modeling framework based on the design of the particle-in-cell code turboWAVE. It implements a class (called Simulation) which drives the simulation and manages communication between physics modules, a class (called PhysicsModule) which handles the details of the dynamics of the various parts of the problem, and some additional classes such as a Grid class and a Diagnostic class to handle various ancillary issues that commonly arise.