cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Muon spin relaxation study of the magnetism in unilluminated Prussian Blue analogue photomagnets
Creators: name: Salman, Z.
name: Parolin, T. J.
name: Chow, K. H.
name: Keeler, T. A.
name: Miller, R. I.
name: Wang, D.
name: MacFarlane, W. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present longitudinal field muon spin relaxation ($μ$SR) measurements in the unilluminated state of the photo-sensitive molecular magnetic Co-Fe Prussian blue analogues M$_{1-2x}$Co$_{1+x}$[Fe(CN)$_6$]$\cdot z$ H$_2$O, where M=K and Rb with $x=0.4$ and $\simeq 0.17$, respectively. These results are compared to those obtained in the $x=0.5$ stoichiometric limit, Co$_{1.5}$[Fe(CN)$_6$]$\cdot 6$ H$_2$O, which is not photo-sensitive. We find evidence for correlation between the range of magnetic ordering and the value of $x$ in the unilluminated state which can be explained using a site percolation model.
description: 7 pages, 12 figures
Table S1. Legend for NIfTI files from Quantitative functional imaging of the pigeon brain: implications for the evolution of avian powered flight
Creators: name: Balanoff, Amy
name: Ferrer, Elizabeth
name: Saleh, Lemise
name: Gignac, Paul
name: Gold, M. Eugenia L.
name: Marugán-Lobón, Jesús
name: Norell, Mark
name: Ouellette, David
name: Salerno, Michael
name: Watanabe, Akinobu
name: Wei, Shouyi
name: Bever, Gabriel
name: Vaska, Paul
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 310499
subject: Evolutionary biology not elsewhere classified
classificationCode: 320999
subject: Neurosciences not elsewhere classified
classificationCode: 370506
subject: Palaeontology (incl. palynology)

description: Table of the greyscale values for each neuroanatomical region. Regions can be isolated by selecting the listed values.
BOUNTIES FOR FERTILIZERS
Creators: name: Mauldon, Roger G.
name: Mauldon, Roger G.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1967
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries

description: Bounty payments on fertilizers have rapidly emerged as a major form of assistance to Australian agriculture. They have been justified as a way of reducing costs and increasing productivity, though economic theory and experience from agricultural production studies suggest that they achieve these objectives inefficiently. The bounties are directed towards making acres more productive, which should in turn make farmers more productive. It is suggested that greater economic welfare would result from tackling the problem the other way round.
Strange particle production in $p+p$ collisions at $\sqrt{s}$= 200 GeV
Creators: name: Heinz, Mark
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present measurements of the transverse momentum spectra, yield and systematics for K0short, Lambda and Anti-Lambda in $p+p$ collisions at sqrt{s}=200 GeV. We show a dependence of the with event multiplicity and infer that this is consistent with a mini-jet dominated particle production mechanism. These observations are compared to available data from p+bar{p} experiments as well as to pQCD theoretical predictions.
description: Hotquarks 2004 conference proceedings, 7 pages, submitted to Journal of Physics G
MANAGEMENT ADVICE, PRODUCTION FUNCTIONS AND SMALL FARM GROUPS
Creators: name: Cozens, L.E.
name: Cozens, L.E.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1967
Subjects: Farm Management

description: This article gives some results of production function studies carried out on small groups of farms. The results indicate that such studies can produce useful suggestions for farm reorganisation even when only 20 farms constitute the sample. Since service centres are being set up in Australia to help advise farmer groups or samples of this size, production function studies on the material provided may be unexpectedly rewarding.
BV(RI)c photometric study of three variable PMS stars in the field of V733 Cephei
Creators: name: Ibryamov, Sunay
name: Semkov, Evgeni
name: Peneva, Stoyanka
name: Gocheva, Kristina
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper report results from the first long-term BV(RI)c photometric CCD observations of three variable pre-main-sequence stars collected during the period from February 2007 to January 2020. The investigated stars are located in the field of the PMS star V733 Cep within the Cepheus OB3 association. All stars from our study show rapid photometric variability in all-optical passbands. In this paper, we describe and discuss the photometric behavior of these stars and the possible reasons for their variability. In the light variation of two of the stars we found periodicity.
description: Accepted for publication in Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics (RAA)
Cullmann, Oscar, Karrer, Otto, Einheit in Christus 2
Creators: name: Beyreuther, Erich
Publisher: name: Ökumenische Rundschau
Year: 2025

description: Ökumenische Rundschau, Bd. 14 Nr. 3 (1965): Ökumenische Rundschau, Band 14, Heft 3
Indberetning om Foldals kisfelt af P. Holmsen, E. Gullichsen [i.e. Gulliksen] og I.H.L. [i.e. J. H. L.] Vogt
Creators: name: Holmsen, P.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1898
Subjects: Gruvedrift
Folldal Verk

description: "Trykt som Bilag til Sth. Prp. No. 43, 1889"
Microscopic Approach to Magnetism and Superconductivity of $f$-Electron Systems with Filled Skutterudite Structure
Creators: name: Hotta, Takashi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In order to gain a deep insight into $f$-electron properties of filled skutterudite compounds from a microscopic viewpoint, we investigate the multiorbital Anderson model including Coulomb interactions, spin-orbit coupling, and crystalline electric field effect. For each case of $n$=1$\sim$13, where $n$ is the number of $f$ electrons per rare-earth ion, the model is analyzed by using the numerical renormalization group (NRG) method to evaluate magnetic susceptibility and entropy of $f$ electron. In order to make further step to construct a simplified model which can be treated even in a periodic system, we also analyze the Anderson model constructed based on the $j$-$j$ coupling scheme by using the NRG method. Then, we construct an orbital degenerate Hubbard model based on the $j$-$j$ coupling scheme to investigate the mechanism of superconductivity of filled skutterudites. In the 2-site model, we carefully evaluate the superconducting pair susceptibility for the case of $n$=2 and find that the susceptibility for off-site Cooper pair is clearly enhanced only in a transition region in which the singlet and triplet ground states are interchanged.
description: 14 pages, 11 figures, Typeset with jpsj2.cls
Table S3. Correlation matrix for optic flow pathways from Quantitative functional imaging of the pigeon brain: implications for the evolution of avian powered flight
Creators: name: Balanoff, Amy
name: Ferrer, Elizabeth
name: Saleh, Lemise
name: Gignac, Paul
name: Gold, M. Eugenia L.
name: Marugán-Lobón, Jesús
name: Norell, Mark
name: Ouellette, David
name: Salerno, Michael
name: Watanabe, Akinobu
name: Wei, Shouyi
name: Bever, Gabriel
name: Vaska, Paul
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 310499
subject: Evolutionary biology not elsewhere classified
classificationCode: 320999
subject: Neurosciences not elsewhere classified
classificationCode: 370506
subject: Palaeontology (incl. palynology)

description: Correlation matrix for individual regions within the two optic flow pathways
Dagbok fra krigsfangenskapet 1943-1945. 1. bind
Creators: name: Klingenberg, Ingvar
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1943

description: Dagbok fra Ingvar Klingenbergs tid som krigsfange i Tyskland og Polen. Som reserveoffiser ble Klingenberg arrestert natt til 16. august som en del av den omfattende Aktion Polarkreis hvor norske militære og politifolk skulle arresteres. Rundt 1100 offiserer ble arrestert.
Word order variation in Japanese : characteristics of OSV word order
Creators: name: Suzuki, Michiko
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: This thesis attempts to explain the functions of the preposing of the direct object in Japanese. Japanese is generally a verb-final language and the basic word order is Subject (S) -> Object (O) -> Verb (V). However, it also has relatively free word order, and a direct object can be preposed to the sentence-initial position forming OSV word order. Although clauses expressed in SOV and OSV word orders are semantically identical, OSV is used much less frequently in comparison to SOV. This thesis examines the motivations behind the preposing of direct objects. As a first step toward understanding the possible functions of OSV word order, this thesis analyzes characteristics of preposed direct objects in its data collected from written materials. The results show that both structural characteristics and the information status of direct objects play roles in preposing. Structural characteristics found in preposed direct objects are that they tend to be lengthy, tend to contain demonstratives, or tend not be a direct object component of idiomatic expressions formed with a direct object and a verb. Preposed direct objects tend to convey information that is either linked to the preceding discourse, is linked to the hearer's knowledge, or is emphasized. The findings also show that the preposing of direct objects is motivated by various reasons depending on what is required to enhance communication in the context. Direct objects that have structurally different characteristics, namely those that contain demonstratives or long direct object phrases, are preposed for easier sentence processing or reference. In order to avoid ambiguity, preposing does not occur when the process would split an idiomatic expression comprised of a direct object and a verb. Preposing of direct objects conveying information linked to either the preceding discourse or the hearer's knowledge creates relevance between the preceding discourse and the present proposition. Preposing direct objects structurally indicates what information is emphasized. In other words, the preposing of direct objects facilitates effective communication.
THE SMALL-FARM PROBLEM IN AUSTRALIA
Creators: name: McKay, D.H.
name: McKay, D.H.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1967
Subjects: Industrial Organization

description: The nature of the small-farm problem in Australia is discussed from a welfare point of view. The situation is examined industry by industry where data are available. It is suggested that while the average level of farm income in Australia compares well with non-agricultural earnings, there are some industries with very significant numbers of low income farms.
TRANSFERABLE WATER ENTITLEMENTS WHICH SATISFY HETEROGENEOUS RISK PREFERENCES
Creators: name: Alaouze, Chris M.
name: Alaouze, Chris M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1991
Subjects: Environmental Economics and Policy
Risk and Uncertainty

description: Irrigators in Victoria have a water entitlement which is composed of a highly secure water right and additional water which may be purchased if available. Water entitlements in NSW are based on the irrigated area with the actual volume of water received in any year depending almost entirely on seasonal conditions. Musgrave and Lesueur (1973) argued that these entitlements could be replaced by a portfolio of entitlements, with each type of entitlement in the portfolio guaranteeing a nominated minimum value of water at a different probability. Thus, irrigators could purchase a portfolio of water entitlements which would suit their individual risk preferences. The purpose in this paper is to show how a water authority can construct a portfolio of water entitlements which satisfies these requirements and also to demonstrate that the entitlements in the portfolio satisfy a first degree stochastic dominance relationship. A worked example is presented in which these results are illustrated.
Phase separation in the vicinity of the surface of $κ$-(BEDT-TTF)$_2$Cu[N(CN)$_2$]Br by fast cooling
Creators: name: Yoneyama, N.
name: Sasaki, T.
name: Kobayashi, N.
name: Ikemoto, Y.
name: Kimura, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Partial suppression of superconductivity by fast cooling has been observed in the organic superconductor $κ$-(BEDT-TTF)$_2$Cu[N(CN)$_2$]Br by two means: a marked sample size effect on the magnetic susceptibility and direct imaging of insulating regions by scanning microregion infrared reflectance spectroscopy. Macroscopic insulating regions are found in the vicinity of the crystalline surface after fast cooling, with diameters of 50--100 $μ$m and depths of a few $μ$m. The very large in-plane penetration depth reported to date ($\sim$ 24--100 $μ$m) can be explained by the existence of the insulating regions.
description: Several rhetoric alternations to avoid misleadings. 6 pages, 3 figures. to be publihsed in Phys. Rev. B
Feminist supervision : oxymoron or redefinition of power
Creators: name: Spilker, Anna Maria P.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Many feminists working for feminist agencies that are hierarchically structured struggle with the issue of how to create an equitable workplace where power differentials between workers are minimised. Feminism in its very essence is about a redistribution of power. In their relationships with their supervisors, however, these workers often find themselves in a subordinate role. Much has been written about how feminist principles can be applied to the supervision process. No studies have been done, however, on how a hierarchical structure affects the supervisory relationship. This qualitative research looks at women's experience of such relationships within a hierarchical context. For this purpose I interviewed six women who identified themselves as feminists and who were employed by hierarchically structured agencies that saw themselves as subscribing to a feminist ideology. I also include my own experience in this area, since it is pertinent to the study and is one of the reasons I became interested in this issue. My findings suggest that these workers' experiences varied greatly. What stood out most strongly was their desire for meaningful and effective relationships. Three main themes were developed from these interviews, each of which divided into a number of sub-themes. The main themes this study uncovered were (1) The varied ways these women experienced their supervisory relationships; (2) How they experienced the role of the supervisory relationship within the context of a hierarchical structure; and (3) What their experience revealed about what is needed to make such relationships function in more meaningful and constructive ways. This study attempts to begin a conversation about how supervisory relationships affect us as workers. I feel that this information is important to the field of Social Work, for how we are supervised impacts our effectiveness with our clients. Listening to the ones that have less power, I believe, makes a good beginning place.
The Auxiliary Field Method in Quantum Mechanical Four-Fermi Models -- A Study Toward Chiral Condensation in QED
Creators: name: Kashiwa, Taro
name: Sakaguchi, Tomohiko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A study for checking validity of the auxiliary field method (AFM) is made in quantum mechanical four-fermi models which act as a prototype of models for chiral symmetry breaking in Quantum Electrodynamics. It has been shown that AFM, defined by an insertion of Gaussian identity to path integral formulas and by the loop expansion, becomes more accurate when taking higher order terms into account under the bosonic model with a quartic coupling in 0- and 1-dimensions as well as the model with a four-fermi interaction in 0-dimension. The case is also confirmed in terms of two models with the four-fermi interaction among $N$ species in 1-dimension (the quantum mechanical four-fermi models): higher order corrections lead us toward the exact energy of the ground state. It is found that the second model belongs to a WKB-exact class that has no higher order corrections other than the lowest correction. Discussions are also made for unreliability on the continuous time representation of path integration and for a new model of QED as a suitable probe for chiral symmetry breaking.
description: 30 pages, 12 figures
Dagbok fra krigsfangenskapet 1945. 2. bind
Creators: name: Klingenberg, Ingvar
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1943

description: Dagbok fra Ingvar Klingenbergs tid som krigsfange i Tyskland og Polen. Som reserveoffiser ble Klingenberg arrestert natt til 16. august som en del av den omfattende Aktion Polarkreis hvor norske militære og politifolk skulle arresteres. Rundt 1100 offiserer ble arrestert.
Electron Spin Dynamics in Impure Quantum Wells for Arbitrary Spin-Orbit Coupling
Creators: name: Grimaldi, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Strong interest has arisen recently on low-dimensional systems with strong spin-orbit interaction due to their peculiar properties of interest for some spintronic applications. Here, the time evolution of the electron spin polarization of a disordered two-dimensional electron gas is calculated exactly within the Boltzmann formalism for arbitrary couplings to a Rashba spin-orbit field. The classical Dyakonov-Perel mechanism of spin relaxation is shown to fail for sufficiently strong Rashba fields, in which case new regimes of spin decay are identified. These results suggest that spin manipulation can be greatly improved in strong spin-orbit interaction materials.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures -revised version
Controlled Irradiative Formation of Penitentes
Creators: name: Bergeron, V.
name: Berger, C.
name: Betterton, M. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Spike-shaped structures are produced by light-driven ablation in very different contexts. Penitentes 1-4 m high are common on Andean glaciers, where their formation changes glacier dynamics and hydrology. Laser ablation can produce cones 10-100 microns high with a variety of proposed applications in materials science. We report the first laboratory generation of centimeter-scale snow and ice penitentes. Systematically varying conditions allows identification of the essential parameters controlling the formation of ablation structures. We demonstrate that penitente initiation and coarsening requires cold temperatures, so that ablation leads to sublimation rather than melting. Once penitentes have formed, further growth of height can occur by melting. The penitentes intially appear as small structures (3 mm high) and grow by coarsening to 1-5 cm high. Our results are an important step towards understanding and controlling ablation morphologies.
description: Accepted for publication in Physical Review Letters
6. Galactic tracers, by design
Creators: name: Perryman, Michael
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021

description: The design of the Gaia mission targeted very specific measurement goals, which were formulated in terms of limiting magnitude and astrometric accuracy. Gaia's limiting magnitude of around 20–21 mag, for example, was a requirement resulting from an examination of what types of stars, in different regions of our Galaxy, should be measured.
Strategies for Real-Time Position Control of a Single Atom in Cavity QED
Creators: name: Lynn, T. W.
name: Birnbaum, K.
name: Kimble, H. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent realizations of single-atom trapping and tracking in cavity QED open the door for feedback schemes which actively stabilize the motion of a single atom in real time. We present feedback algorithms for cooling the radial component of motion for a single atom trapped by strong coupling to single-photon fields in an optical cavity. Performance of various algorithms is studied through simulations of single-atom trajectories, with full dynamical and measurement noise included. Closed loop feedback algorithms compare favorably to open-loop "switching" analogs, demonstrating the importance of applying actual position information in real time. The high optical information rate in current experiments enables real-time tracking that approaches the standard quantum limit for broadband position measurements, suggesting that realistic active feedback schemes may reach a regime where measurement backaction appreciably alters the motional dynamics.
description: 12 pages, 10 figures, submitted to J. Opt. B Quant. Semiclass. Opt
INVESTING IN GRAIN STORAGE FACILITIES UNDER FLUCTUATING PRODUCTION
Creators: name: Brennan, Donna C.
name: Lindner, Robert K.
name: Brennan, Donna C.
name: Lindner, Robert K.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1991
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries
Production Economics

description: Fluctuating annual harvest volumes create a peak load problem in the provision of grain storage capacity. There are a number of technologies for handling and storing grain, ranging from capital intensive to labour intensive methods. Optimal provision of grain storage capacity can therefore be analysed in the framework of the conventional peak load pricing model. An investment model of grain storage is outlined and the optimal technology choices are determined according to simple investment roles. Capacity of the more capital intensive storage types should be only provided if the extra capital cost is justified by the saving in operating costs, which depends on the expected utilisation of storage. Some level of supply failure is justifiable. An examination of grain storage costs in Western Australia revealed that horizontal storage was the best technology for dealing with most grain storage demand at sites where turnover is limited In the receival period. This concurs with the general investment choices in Western Australia. However, there appears to be a high level of overcapacity at many sites, implying that the cost of supply failure is perceived to be greater than the marketable value of the grain.
Winterhager, Jürgen Wilhelm, Weltwerdung der Kirche
Creators: name: Renkewitz, Heinz
Publisher: name: Ökumenische Rundschau
Year: 2025

description: Ökumenische Rundschau, Bd. 14 Nr. 3 (1965): Ökumenische Rundschau, Band 14, Heft 3
THE RETURNS TO INVESTMENT IN RESEARCH ON AUSTRALIAN WOOL PRODUCTION
Creators: name: Scobie, Grant M.
name: Mullen, John D.
name: Alston, Julian M.
name: Scobie, Grant M.
name: Mullen, John D.
name: Alston, Julian M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1991
Subjects: Production Economics
Productivity Analysis

description: A production function approach is used to estimate growth in farm productivity in the Australian wool industry from an estimated level of expenditure on wool production R & D. A market equilibrium model of the wool industry is then used to measure the share of total benefits from this productivity growth accruing to Australia and its wool growers. A net return is estimated after allowing for lags in the development and adoption of technology.
ANALYSIS OF RANGELAND DEGRADATION USING STOCHASTIC DYNAMIC PROGRAMMING
Creators: name: Passmore, J.G.
name: Brown, Colin G.
name: Passmore, J.G.
name: Brown, Colin G.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1991
Subjects: Land Economics/Use

description: Degradation of arid rangeland, and efforts to control that degradation, have become topical issues. However, the inherent characteristics of the rangeland, and the intertemporal nature of the problem, complicate the analysis of degradation issues in the search for more appropriate rangeland policies. Stochastic dynamic programming is examined as one means of allowing for those complexities. Using the case of the Queensland mulga rangelands, optimal stocking rates are shown to rise with lower property sizes, higher discount rates, higher wool prices and declining risk aversion. Importantly, the analysis reveals that a strategy of high stocking rates with the potential for rangeland degradation is an optimal response to the economic and social factors that confront graziers and is not an intertemporal information problem alone.
MAIZE BREEDING RESEARCH IN EASTERN AND SOUTHERN AFRICA: CURRENT STATUS AND IMPACTS OF PAST INVESTMENTS MADE BY THE PUBLIC AND PRIVATE SECTORS, 1966-97
Creators: name: Hassan, Rashid M.
name: Mekuria, Mulugetta
name: Mwangi, Wilfred
name: Hassan, Rashid M.
name: Mekuria, Mulugetta
name: Mwangi, Wilfred
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2001
Subjects: Agribusiness

description: This report documents the impacts of international maize breeding research in eastern and southern Africa. It draws on information from a comprehensive 1998/99 survey of public and private maize breeding and seed production organizations active in the region. In many countries of eastern and southern Africa, policy reforms introduced in the 1980s and 1990s encouraged private sector participation in the maize seed industry. The private sector now supplies most of the maize seed in the region, spends more on research, and generates a larger number of maize releases than the public sector. Hybrids dominate varietal releases and seed sales, a trend that may negatively affect subsistence-oriented farmers who lack resources to buy fresh seed every season. Although farmers' adoption of improved maize varies throughout the region, it has increased steadily. Survey data show that CIMMYT's maize breeding program has had significant impacts in eastern and southern Africa, especially in recent years. Of the maize varieties released in the region since 1990, 31% (55% if South Africa is excluded) were developed using CIMMYT breeding materials. In 1996, more than 1.6 million hectares in eastern and southern Africa were planted to varieties developed using CIMMYT germplasm. The varietal release data and adoption data indicate growing demand for CIMMYT breeding materials from both public and private breeding programs, as well as growing acceptance by farmers of varieties developed using those materials.
Consequences of the local spin self-energy approximation on the heavy Fermion quantum phase transition
Creators: name: Sun, Ping
name: Kotliar, Gabriel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show, using the periodic Anderson model, that the local spin self-energy approximation, as implemented in the extended dynamical mean field theory (EDMFT), results in a first order phase transition which persists to T=0. Around the transition, there is a finite coexistence region of the paramagnetic and antiferromagnetic (AFM) phases. The region is bounded by two critical transition lines which differ by an electron-hole bubble at the AFM ordering wave vector.
description: 16 pages, 1 figure
Visser 't Hooft, W. A., Kein anderer Name
Creators: name: Buttler, Paul-Gerhardt
Publisher: name: Ökumenische Rundschau
Year: 2025

description: Ökumenische Rundschau, Bd. 14 Nr. 3 (1965): Ökumenische Rundschau, Band 14, Heft 3
Population size differences can lead to biases in phylogenetic inference and introgression detection in  the presence of purifying selection
Creators: name: He, Chong
name: Chen, Meng-Yun
name: Zhu, Hao
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025
Subjects: gene tree distribution
species tree
purifying selection
phylogeny
Introgression

description: Assumptions about the probability distribution of gene tree topologies provides a basis for phylogenetic reconstruction and introgression detection. Initial evidence has suggested that in the presence of purifying selection, population size differences can affect the probability distribution of gene tree topologies. Nevertheless, the impact of this phenomenon on phylogenetic reconstruction and introgression detection remains to be explored. Additionally, a theoretical understanding of this phenomenon remains absent. Here, using the population genetic simulator SLiM, we provide evidence that in the presence of purifying selection, population size differences can cause biases in phylogenetic inference. We also provide evidence that in the presence of purifying selection, population size differences can cause statistics used for introgression detection to exhibit patterns resembling those caused by introgression. Additionally, a theoretical analysis is presented to show that the biological basis underlying the formation of gene trees is different under neutral evolution and under purifying selection, and the population size dependency in gene tree distributions can be deduced from the inherent nature of purifying selection. This work underscores the importance of considering the potential confounding impact of purifying selection on phylogenetic inference and introgression detection.
description: Funding provided by: National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaROR ID: https://ror.org/01h0zpd94Award Number: 31771456
Funding provided by: National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaROR ID: https://ror.org/01h0zpd94Award Number: 32370009
Funding provided by: Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong ProvinceCrossref Funder Registry ID: Award Number: 2022A1515010464
CIMMYT 1998-99 WORLD WHEAT FACTS AND TRENDS. GLOBAL WHEAT RESEARCH IN A CHANGING WORLD: CHALLENGES AND ACHIEVEMENTS
Creators: name: Pingali, Prabhu L.
name: Pingali, Prabhu L.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1999
Subjects: Production Economics
Productivity Analysis

description: This report has four parts. The first part focuses on the changing environment in which the international wheat research system functions in developing countries. The authors describe recent trends in developing country wheat production against projected demand for wheat. Next, they present strategies for increasing productivity in favored and less favored wheat production environments. Part 1 concludes with a discussion of how emerging trends and policies, such as intellectual property protection and market liberalization, are likely to affect the global wheat research system and exchange of germplasm. Part 2 of the report presents new information on the historical impact of the international wheat improvement system, including information on the role of CIMMYT germplasm. Part 3 discusses wheat supply and demand projections, with a special focus on Asia (including Central Asia). Part 4 presents statistics on world wheat production and consumption in a newly revised format.
Exciton Localization on Ru-based Photosensitizers Induced by Binding to Lipid Membranes
Creators: name: Sánchez-Murcia, Pedro A.
name: Nogueira, Juan José
name: González, Leticia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The characterization of electronic properties of metal complexes embedded in membrane environments is of paramount importance to develop efficient photosensitizers in optogenetic applications. Molecular dynamics and QM/MM simulations together with quantitative wavefunction analysis reveal an unforeseen difference between the exciton formed upon excitation of [Ru(bpy)2(bpy-C17)]2+ embedded in a lipid bilayer and in water, despite the media does not influence the charge-transfer character and the excitation energy of the absorption spectra. In water the exciton is mainly delocalized over two ligands and the presence of non-polar substituents induces directionality of the electronic transition. Instead, when the photosensitizer is embedded into a lipid membrane, the exciton size diminishes and is more localized at one bypyridyl site due to electrostatic interactions with the positively charged surface of the bilayer. These differences show that the electronic structure of metal complexes can be controlled through the binding to external species, underscoring the crucial role of the environment in directing the electronic flow upon excitation and thus helping rational tuning of optogenetic agents.
TA'LIM TIZIMIDA KREATIV YONDASHUVNING AHAMIYATI
Creators: name: Guliston Davlat Pedagogika Instituti  1- bosqich talabasi Jullibayeva Shaxrizoda   Ilmiy rahbar: Ijtimoiy-gumanitar fanlar kafedrasi o'qituvchisi   Qurbonov Bahrom Shukriyevich
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description:  Ushbu maqolada ta’lim jarayonida kreativ yondashuvni qo‘llashning ahamiyati va samaradorligi tahlil qilinadi. Tadqiqot davomida kreativ metodlarning o‘quvchilarning faolligi, mustaqil fikrlashi va bilimlarni o‘zlashtirish darajasiga ta’siri o‘rganildi. An’anaviy va kreativ yondashuvlar taqqoslanib, kreativ metodlarning o‘quv jarayonidagi ustunliklari, shuningdek, ularni qo‘llashda uchraydigan qiyinchiliklar ko‘rib chiqildi. Tadqiqot natijalari kreativ ta’lim usullarining samaradorligini tasdiqlab, ushbu yondashuvni ommalashtirish va rivojlantirish bo‘yicha tavsiyalarni o‘z ichiga oladi. Maqolada, shuningdek, kreativ metodlarning ta’lim tizimidagi dolzarb roli va ularning kelajakdagi istiqbollari muhokama qilinadi.
Modelling surface structure and temperature of relevance to remote sensing of cities
Creators: name: Soux, Cristian Andres
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: The current increase in the use of remote sensors necessitates a closer investigation into the nature of what these sensors view. This is particularly true over urban areas where the well developed three-dimensional surface structure creates anisotropic surface radiative emissions. This study presents a numerical model to interpret and predict surface facet view factors and remotely-sensed radiative surface emissions from urban areas. The model that is developed (S3MOD) is able to create a simplified urban surface containing a repeating pattern of buildings, streets and alleys at any azimuth and geographic location. A remote sensor can then be located and oriented over a full range of possible inputs from below canopy level to near satellite height. Surface facet temperatures can be either input directly or evaluated using the Mills (1997) UCL energy balance model. S3MOD is then able to calculate surface view factors and sensor apparent temperatures. S3MOD is validated against measurements taken during a field campaign in Vancouver, B.C. The geometric validation cannot be completed using measured values due to uncertainty in the accuracy of those measurements. A theoretically based approach is employed which reveals very good agreement exists between modelled values and theory. The radiative validation is conducted using measured sensor apparent temperatures and with a sensor specific EFOV weighting function, provides good agreement between modelled and measured values. The validated model is used to investigate a number of hypothetical remote sensing scenarios. The first of these results indicates that for a specified sensor location and orientation and over a given surface structure, a critical height exists above which surface view factors do not change appreciably. In addition, it is found that sensors at different elevations but viewing the same surface area (i.e. the higher sensor has a smaller IFOV) do not have the same surface view factors. The domain size of the model must be increased to further expand the range of sensor heights over which the model works effectively. The final modelling exercise attempts to find the location and orientation where a sensor would sample surface facets in proportion to their contribution to the complete surface area for a specified urban surface type. The results of this final scenario suggest that for sensors located at five times building height, an extreme off-nadir angle is necessary to correctly sample wall facets. Further work is required to determine if this ideal sensor setup exists for some of the surface types tested.
A possible bright blue SN in the afterglow of GRB 020305
Creators: name: Gorosabel, J.
name: Fynbo, J. P. U.
name: Fruchter, A.
name: Levan, A.
name: Hjorth, J.
name: Nugent, P.
name: Castro-Tirado, A. J.
name: Cerón, J. M. Castro
name: Rhoads, J.
name: Bersier, D.
name: Burud, I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on ground-based and HST(+STIS) imaging of the afterglow and host galaxy of the Gamma-Ray Burst (GRB) of March 5 2002. The GRB occurred in a R=25.17+/-0.14 galaxy, which apparently is part of an interacting system. The lightcurve of the optical afterglow shows a rebrightening, or at least a plateau, 12--16 days after the gamma-ray event. UBVRIK' multi-band imaging of the afterglow ~12 days after the GRB reveals a blue spectral energy distribution (SED). The SED is consistent with a power-law with a spectral index of β=-0.63+/-0.16, but there is tentative evidence for deviations away from a power-law. Unfortunately, a spectroscopic redshift has not been secured for GRB020305. From the SED we impose a redshift upper limit of z ~< 2.8, hence excluding the pseudo redshift of 4.6 reported for this burst. We discuss the possibilities for explaining the lightcurve, SED and host galaxy properties for GRB 020305. The most natural interpretation of the lightcurve and the SED is an associated supernova (SN). Our data can not precisely determine the redshift of the GRB. The most favoured explanation is a low redshift (z~0.2) SN, but a higher redshift (z>0.5) SN can not be excluded. We also discuss less likely scenarios not based on SNe, like a burst occurring in a z=2.5 galaxy with an extinction curve similar to that of the Milky Way.
description: Accepted for publication in A&A. 8 pages, 5 figures
The weak Lefschetz property of Gorenstein algebras of codimension three associated to the Apéry sets
Creators: name: Miró-Roig, Rosa M.
name: Tran, Quang Hoa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Commutative Algebra (math.AC)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 13E10, 13H10, 13A30, 13C40

description: It has been conjectured that {\it all} graded Artinian Gorenstein algebras of codimension three have the weak Lefschetz property over a field of characteristic zero. In this paper, we study the weak Lefschetz property of associated graded algebras $A$ of the Apéry set of $M$-pure symmetric numerical semigroups generated by four natural numbers. In 2010, Bryant proved that these algebras are graded Artinian Gorenstein algebras of codimension three. In a recent article, Guerrieri showed that if $A$ is not a complete intersection, then $A$ is of form $A=R/I$ with $R=K[x,y,z]$ and \begin{align*} I=(x^a, y^b-x^{b-γ} z^γ, z^c, x^{a-b+γ}y^{b-β}, y^{b-β}z^{c-γ}), \end{align*} where $ 1\leq β\leq b-1,\; \max\{1, b-a+1 \}\leq γ\leq \min \{b-1,c-1\}$ and $a\geq c\geq 2$. We prove that $A$ has the weak Lefschetz property in the following cases: (a) $ \max\{1,b-a+c-1\}\leq β\leq b-1$ and $γ\geq \lfloor\frac{β-a+b+c-2}{2}\rfloor$; (b) $ a\leq 2b-c$ and $| a-b| +c-1\leq β\leq b-1$; (c) one of $a,b,c$ is at most five.
description: 20 pages. To appear in Linear Algebra and its Applications
Appraising the Poverty Outreach of Microfinance: A Review of the CGAP Poverty Assessment Tool (PAT)
Creators: name: Simanowitz, Anton
name: Simanowitz, Anton
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: Financial Economics
Food Security and Poverty

description: Assessment of the poverty level of microfinance clients is important for both practitioners and donors. For practitioners, increased understanding of the target market and whether it is being reached can help in the design of financial services better suited to the needs of different groups of clients. For donors seeking to ensure the most effective use of their scarce resources for combating poverty, poverty assessment is used to assist in making decisions on resource allocation. While there is much evidence that microfinance can be a critical input towards the achievement of the Millennium Development Goals and the reduction of poverty (Littlefield et al. 2003), the impacts of microfinance are not automatic. To achieve significant directs impacts on poverty it is essential that Microfinance Organisations (MFOs) reach poor and very poor clients, and therefore measurement of poverty outreach becomes an important proxy indicator for the success of microfinance in achieving impacts on poverty. This paper is aimed at donors, policymakers and practitioners interested in the mechanisms by which the poverty level of microfinance clients can be assessed. It is primarily a review of the CGAP Poverty Assessment Tool (PAT), and highlights the potential applications for the tool, issues to consider in its use, and possible further steps in the development of the tool. It goes on to consider the broader issue of poverty assessment in microfinance, and proposes an important additional use for the PAT in validating and improving the credibility of low-cost practitioner assessment and monitoring tools.
Population size differences can lead to biases in phylogenetic inference and introgression detection in  the presence of purifying selection
Creators: name: He, Chong
name: Chen, Meng-Yun
name: Zhu, Hao
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: gene tree distribution
species tree
purifying selection
phylogeny
Introgression

description: Phylogenetic reconstruction and introgression detection rely on an assumption about the probability distribution of gene tree topologies. Recently, evidence has emerged that population size differences can affect the probability distribution of gene tree topologies in the presence of purifying selection. Here, using the population genetic simulator SLiM, we provide evidence that in the presence of purifying selection, population size differences can lead to biases in phylogenetic inference. We also provide evidence that in the presence of purifying selection, population size differences can cause statistics used for introgression detection to exhibit patterns resembling those caused by introgression. In addition, we present a theoretical analysis showing that the occurrence of population size–dependent gene tree distributions is an inherent consequence of purifying selection. Our work underscores the importance of considering the potential confounding effect of purifying selection on phylogenetic inference and introgression detection.
description: Funding provided by: National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaCrossref Funder Registry ID: https://ror.org/01h0zpd94Award Number: 31771456
Ensuring Impact : Reaching the Poorest While Building Financially Self-Sufficient Institutions, and Showing Improvement in the Lives of the Poorest Families: Summary of Article Appearing in Pathways Out of Poverty: Innovations in Microfinance for the Poor
Creators: name: Simanowitz, Anton
name: Walter, Alice
name: Simanowitz, Anton
name: Walter, Alice
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: Financial Economics
Food Security and Poverty

description: This paper is about microfinance and its contribution to the eradication of poverty for millions of the world's poorest people. The Millennium Development goals set a critical challenge of halving absolute poverty in the world by 2015. Microfinance can make an important contribution to these goals by reducing income poverty, vulnerability, and empowering women to choose when and how to access other development services such as health and education. Donors should invest in poverty-focused microfinance as a key part of their Millennium Development strategies. Practitioners should explore how to ensure that programs become more effective in working with the poorest. The paper demonstrates the fallacy that microfinance cannot be an appropriate strategy for the poorest. It is not the poverty level of potential clients that determines access and impact, but the design of the services provided. Not all people need microfinance, but most groups can benefit. There are trade-offs between social and financial objectives, but MFIs can and do reach and impact on the poorest and achieve financial self-sufficiency.
7. On-board detection for Gaia
Creators: name: Perryman, Michael
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021

description: Gaia uses a combination of advanced optical imaging and powerful onboard processing to detect every star that enters its field of view, down to a million times fainter than observable with the human eye. Each of these more than two billion stars are then tracked with its high-precision measurement system as the satellite scans the sky.
Population size differences can lead to biases in phylogenetic inference and introgression detection in  the presence of purifying selection
Creators: name: He, Chong
name: Chen, Meng-Yun
name: Zhu, Hao
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: gene tree distribution
species tree
purifying selection
phylogeny
Introgression

description: Phylogenetic reconstruction and introgression detection are based on assumptions about the probability distribution of gene tree topologies. Initial evidence has suggested that population size differences can affect the probability distribution of gene tree topologies in the presence of purifying selection. Nevertheless, the impact of this phenomenon on phylogenetic reconstruction and introgression detection remains to be explored. Additionally, the mechanism underlying this phenomenon remains elusive. Here, using the population genetic simulator SLiM, we provide evidence that in the presence of purifying selection, population size differences can cause biases in phylogenetic inference. We also provide evidence that in the presence of purifying selection, population size differences can cause statistics used for introgression detection to exhibit patterns resembling those caused by introgression. Additionally, a theoretical analysis is presented to show that under purifying selection, the way in which single-population genealogies are connected together to form a gene tree can differ from that under neutral evolution as it is affected by population size differences. Consequently, the probability distribution of gene tree topologies under purifying selection is not identical to that under neutral evolution but instead is affected by population size differences. This work underscores the importance of considering the potential confounding impact of purifying selection on phylogenetic inference and introgression detection.
description: Funding provided by: National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaROR ID: https://ror.org/01h0zpd94Award Number: 31771456
Funding provided by: National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaROR ID: https://ror.org/01h0zpd94Award Number: 32370009
Funding provided by: Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong ProvinceCrossref Funder Registry ID: Award Number: 2022A1515010464
Asymptotics of the dispersion interaction: analytic benchmarks for van der Waals energy functionals
Creators: name: Dobson, John F.
name: White, Angela
name: Rubio, Angel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that the usual sum of $R^{-6}$ contributions from elements separated by distance $R$ can give \emph{qualitatively} wrong results for the electromagnetically non-retarded van der Waals interaction between non-overlapping bodies. This occurs for anisotropic nanostructures that have a zero electronic energy gap, such as nanowires, conducting nanotubes, and nano-layered systems including metals and graphene planes. In all these cases our analytic microscopic calculations give an interaction falling off with a power of separation different from the conventional value. We discuss implications for van der Waals energy functionals. The new nanotube interaction might be directly measurable at sub-micron separations.
description: 4 pages in two-column format