cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Modeling and Stability of Flows in Compliant Microchannels
Creators: name: Wang, Xiaojia
Publisher: name: Purdue University Graduate School
Year: 2022
Subjects: Microfluidics and nanofluidics
Fundamental and theoretical fluid dynamics

description: Fluids conveyed in deformable conduits are often encountered in microfluidic applications, which makes fluid--structure interactions (FSIs) an unavoidable phenomenon. In particular, experiments reported the existence of FSI instabilities in compliant microchannels at low Reynolds numbers, Re, well below the established values for rigid conduits. This observation has significant implications for new strategies for mixing at the microscale, which might harness FSI instabilities in the absence of turbulence. In this thesis, we conduct research on the modeling and stability of microscale FSIs. Understanding the steady response, the dynamics and the stability of these FSIs are the three major objectives. This thesis begins with the analysis of the steady-state scalings and the linear stability of a previously derived mathematical model, through which we emphasize the power of reduced modeling in making the FSI problems tractable. Next, we turn to a more realistic problem regarding FSIs in a common configuration of low-Re flows through long, shallow rectangular three-dimensional microchannels. Through a scaling analysis, which takes advantage of the geometric separation of scales, we find that the flow can be simplified under the lubrication approximation, while the wall deforms like a variable-stiffness Winkler foundation at the leading order. Coupling these dominant effects, we obtain a new fitting-parameter-free flow rate--pressure drop relation for a thick-walled microchannel, which rationalizes previous experiments. Then, we derive a one-dimensional (1D) steady model, at both vanishing and finite Re, by coupling the reduced flow and deformation models. To satisfy the displacement constraints along the channel edges, weak tension is introduced to regularize the underlying Winkler-foundation-like mechanism. This model is then made dynamic by introducing flow unsteadiness and the elastic wall's inertia. We conduct a global stability analysis of this system by perturbing the non-flat steady state with infinitesimal perturbations. We identify the existence of globally unstable modes, typically in the weakly inertial flow regime, whose features are consistent with experimental observations. The unstable eigenmodes oscillate at frequencies close to the natural frequency of the wall, suggesting that the instabilities are resonance phenomena. We also capture the transient energy amplification of perturbations through a linear non-normality analysis of the proposed reduced 1D FSI model.
TeraHertz Desorption Emission Spectroscopy (THz DES) of space relevant ices
Creators: name: Auriacombe, O.
name: Rea, S.
name: Ioppolo, S.
name: Oldfield, M.
name: Parkes, S.
name: Ellison, B.
name: Fraser, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an experimental instrument that performs laboratory-based gas-phase Terahertz Desorption Emission Spectroscopy (THz-DES) experiments in support of astrochemistry. The measurement system combines a terahertz heterodyne radiometer that uses room temperature semiconductor mixer diode technology previously developed for the purposes of Earth observation, with a high-vacuum desorption gas cell and high-speed digital sampling circuitry to enable high spectral and temporal resolution spectroscopy of molecular species with thermal discrimination. During use, molecules are condensed onto a liquid nitrogen cooled metal finger to emulate ice structures that may be present in space. Following deposition, thermal desorption is controlled and initiated by means of a heater and monitored via a temperature sensor. The 'rest frequency' spectral signatures of molecules released into the vacuum cell environment are detected by the heterodyne radiometer in real-time and characterised with high spectral resolution. To demonstrate the viability of the instrument, we have studied Nitrous Oxide (N2O). This molecule strongly emits within the terahertz (sub-millimetre wavelength) range and provide a suitable test gas and we compare the results obtained with more traditional techniques such as quadrupole mass spectrometry. The results obtained allow us to fully characterize the measurement method and we discuss its potential use as a laboratory tool in support of astrochemical observations of molecular species in the interstellar medium and the Solar System.
description: 12 pages, 12 figures. Accepted for publication in MNRAS
On Improving the Performance of Glitch Classification for Gravitational Wave Detection by using Generative Adversarial Networks
Creators: name: Yan, Jianqi
name: Leung, Alex P.
name: Hui, David C. Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Spectrogram classification plays an important role in analyzing gravitational wave data. In this paper, we propose a framework to improve the classification performance by using Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs). As substantial efforts and expertise are required to annotate spectrograms, the number of training examples is very limited. However, it is well known that deep networks can perform well only when the sample size of the training set is sufficiently large. Furthermore, the imbalanced sample sizes in different classes can also hamper the performance. In order to tackle these problems, we propose a GAN-based data augmentation framework. While standard data augmentation methods for conventional images cannot be applied on spectrograms, we found that a variant of GANs, ProGAN, is capable of generating high-resolution spectrograms which are consistent with the quality of the high-resolution original images and provide a desirable diversity. We have validated our framework by classifying glitches in the {\it Gravity Spy} dataset with the GAN-generated spectrograms for training. We show that the proposed method can provide an alternative to transfer learning for the classification of spectrograms using deep networks, i.e. using a high-resolution GAN for data augmentation instead. Furthermore, fluctuations in classification performance with small sample sizes for training and evaluation can be greatly reduced. Using the trained network in our framework, we have also examined the spectrograms with label anomalies in {\it Gravity Spy}.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS, 16 pages, 14 figures, 5 tables
Water UV-Shielding in the Terrestrial Planet-Forming Zone: Implications for Oxygen-18 Isotope Anomalies in H2-18O Infrared Emission and Meteorites
Creators: name: Calahan, Jenny K.
name: Bergin, Edwin A.
name: Bosman, Arthur D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An understanding of the abundance and distribution of water vapor in the innermost region of protoplanetary disks is key to understanding the origin of habitable worlds and planetary systems. Past observations have shown H2O to be abundant and a major carrier of elemental oxygen in disk surface layers that lie within the inner few au of the disk. The combination of high abundance and strong radiative transitions leads to emission lines that are optically thick across the infrared spectral range. Its rarer isotopologue H2-18O traces deeper into this layer and will trace the full content of the planet forming zone. In this work, we explore the relative distribution of H2-16O and H2-18O within a model that includes water self-shielding from the destructive effects of ultraviolet radiation. In this Letter we show that there is an enhancement in the relative H2-18O abundance high up in the warm molecular layer within 0.1-10 au due to self-shielding of CO, C18O, and H2O. Most transitions of H2-18O that can be observed with JWST will partially emit from this layer, making it essential to take into account how H2O self-shielding may effect the H2O to H2-18O ratio. Additionally, this reservoir of H2-18O-enriched gas in combination with the vertical "cold finger" effect might provide a natural mechanism to account for oxygen isotopic anomalies found in meteoritic material in the solar system
description: 8 pages, 4 figures, accepted to ApJ Letters
Extragalactic transient candidates in the Second Swift-XRT Point Source catalogue
Creators: name: Eyles-Ferris, R. A. J.
name: Starling, R. L. C.
name: O'Brien, P. T.
name: Evans, P. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Second Swift-XRT Point Source catalogue offers a combination of sky coverage and sensitivity and presents an invaluable opportunity for transient discovery. We search the catalogue at the positions of inactive and active galaxies, and identify transient candidates by comparison with XMM-Newton and ROSAT. We recover 167 previously known transients and find 19 sources consistent with being new sources, estimating a completeness of $\sim65\%$. These 19 new sources are split approximately equally between inactive and active hosts and their peak X-ray luminosities span $\sim 10^{42} - 10^{47}$ erg s$^{-1}$. We find eight are best fit with non-thermal spectral models and one with a blackbody. We also discuss our methodology and its application to the forthcoming Living Swift-XRT Point Source catalogue for the potential near real time serendipitous discovery of $\sim$ few new X-ray transients per year.
description: 12 pages, 7 figures, 8 tables plus appendix with 2 additional figures. Accepted by MNRAS
Correlations between X-ray spectral parameters of Mkn 421 using long-term Swift-XRT data
Creators: name: Khatoon, Rukaiya
name: Shah, Zahir
name: Hota, Jyotishree
name: Misra, Ranjeev
name: Gogoi, Rupjyoti
name: Pradhan, Ananta C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have performed a detailed analysis of the X-ray spectra of the blazar Mkn 421 using Swift-XRT observations taken between 2005 and 2020, to quantify the correlations between spectral parameters for different models. In an earlier work, it has been shown that such spectral parameter correlations obtained from a single short flare of duration $\sim$ 5-days of Mkn 421, can be used to distinguish spectrally degenerate models and provide estimates of physical quantities. In this work, we show that the results from the long-term spectral parameter correlations are consistent with those obtained from the single flare. In particular, that the observed spectral curvature is due to maximum cutoff energy in the particle distribution is ruled out. Instead, models where the curvature is due to the energy dependence of escape or acceleration time-scale of the particles are favored. The estimated values of the physical parameters for these models are similar to the ones obtained from the single flare analysis and are somewhat incompatible with the physical assumption of the models, suggesting that more complex physical models are required. The consistency of the results obtained from the long and short-term evolution of the source, underlines the reliability of the technique to use spectral parameter correlations to distinguish physical models.
description: 12 pages, 5 figures, 1 table. Accepted for publication in MNRAS
CRIMINAL LAW PROTECTION OF PERSONAL INFORMATION SECURITY
Creators: name: Iskandarov, K.I.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: The security of personal information is an important aspect of modern life, as more and more personal information is stored and processed electronically. Personal information includes any data that can be used to identify a person, such as their name, address, social security number, or financial information. The security of this information is crucial because it can be used for identity theft, fraud, or other criminal activity. Criminal law provides protection of personal information, and this protection is becoming increasingly important in the digital age[1].
Colour evolution of Betelgeuse and Antares over two millennia, derived from historical records, as a new constraint on mass and age
Creators: name: Neuhäuser, Ralph
name: Torres, Guillermo
name: Mugrauer, Markus
name: Neuhäuser, Dagmar L.
name: Chapman, Jesse
name: Luge, Daniela
name: Cosci, Matteo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: After core hydrogen burning, massive stars evolve from blue-white dwarfs to red supergiants by expanding, brightening, and cooling within few millennia. We discuss a previously neglected constraint on mass, age, and evolutionary state of Betelgeuse and Antares, namely their observed colour evolution over historical times: We place all 236 stars bright enough for their colour to be discerned by the unaided eye (V$\le$3.3 mag) on the colour-magnitude-diagram (CMD), and focus on those in the Hertzsprung gap. We study pre-telescopic records on star colour with historically-critical methods to find stars that have evolved noticeably in colour within the last millennia. Our main result is that Betelgeuse was recorded with a colour significantly different (non-red) than today (red, B$-$V=$1.78 \pm 0.05$ mag). Hyginus (Rome) and Sima Qian (China) independently report it two millennia ago as appearing like Saturn (B$-$V=$1.09 \pm 0.16$ mag) in colour and `yellow' (quantifiable as B$-$V=$0.95 \pm 0.35$ mag), respectively (together, 5.1$σ$ different from today). The colour change of Betelgeuse is a new, tight constraint for single-star theoretical evolutionary models (or merger models). It is most likely located less than one millennium past the bottom of the red giant branch, before which rapid colour evolution is expected. Evolutionary tracks from MIST consistent with both its colour evolution and its location on the CMD suggest a mass of $\sim$14M$_{\odot}$ at $\sim$14 Myr. The (roughly) constant colour of Antares for the last three millennia also constrains its mass and age. Wezen was reported white historically, but is now yellow.
description: paper accepted and in press, 24 pages with 8 figures and 4 tables, plus 6 pages appendix with one more table, v1: one reference added
Readme file for dataset predicting admissions at triage from a paediatric emergency department
Creators: name: Leonard, Fiona
name: Barrett, Michael J
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 110305 Emergency Medicine
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 111403 Paediatrics
subject: 170203 Knowledge Representation and Machine Learning
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: Readme file for the dataset used in predicting admissions at triage from a paediatric emergency department. Field names and types are included in this file.
INTRUSION DETECTION SYSTEM FOR CONTROLLER AREA NETWORK
Creators: name: Tanksale, Vinayak Jayant
Publisher: name: Purdue University Graduate School
Year: 2022
Subjects: System and network security

description: The rapid expansion of intra-vehicle networks has increased the number of threats to such networks. Most modern vehicles implement various physical and data-link layer technologies. Vehicles are becoming increasingly autonomous and connected. Controller Area Network (CAN) is a serial bus system that is used to connect sensors and controllers (Electronic Control Units – ECUs) within a vehicle. ECUs vary widely in processing power, storage, memory, and connectivity. The goal of this research is to design, implement, and test an efficient and effective intrusion detection system for intra-vehicle CANs. Such a system must be capable of detecting intrusions in almost real-time with minimal resources. The research proposes a specific type of recursive neural network called Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) to detect anomalies. It also proposes a decision engine that will use LSTM-classified anomalies to detect intrusions by using multiple contextual parameters. We have conducted multiple experiments on the optimal choice of various LSTM hyperparameters. We have tested our classification algorithm and our decision engine using data from real automobiles. We will present the results of our experiments and analyze our findings. After detailed evaluation of our intrusion detection system, we believe that we have designed a vehicle security solution that meets all the outlined requirements and goals.
Emergence of Novelty in Evolutionary Algorithms
Creators: name: Herel, David
name: Zogatova, Dominika
name: Kripner, Matej
name: Mikolov, Tomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: One of the main problems of evolutionary algorithms is the convergence of the population to local minima. In this paper, we explore techniques that can avoid this problem by encouraging a diverse behavior of the agents through a shared reward system. The rewards are randomly distributed in the environment, and the agents are only rewarded for collecting them first. This leads to an emergence of a novel behavior of the agents. We introduce our approach to the maze problem and compare it to the previously proposed solution, denoted as Novelty Search (Lehman and Stanley, 2011a). We find that our solution leads to an improved performance while being significantly simpler. Building on that, we generalize the problem and apply our approach to a more advanced set of tasks, Atari Games, where we observe a similar performance quality with much less computational power needed.
description: ALIFE 2022
Hidden Cooling Flows in Clusters of Galaxies
Creators: name: Fabian, A. C.
name: Ferland, G. J.
name: Sanders, J. S.
name: McNamara, B. R.
name: Pinto, C.
name: Walker, S. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The radiative cooling time of the hot gas at the centres of cool cores in clusters of galaxies drops down to 10 million years and below. The observed mass cooling rate of such gas is very low, suggesting that AGN feedback is very tightly balanced or that the soft X-ray emission from cooling is somehow hidden from view. We use an intrinsic absorption model in which the cooling and coolest gas are closely interleaved to search for hidden cooling flows in the Centaurus, Perseus and A1835 clusters of galaxies. We find hidden mass cooling rates of between 10 to 500 Msunpyr as the cluster mass increases, with the absorbed emission emerging in the Far Infrared band. Good agreement is found between the hidden cooling rate and observed FIR luminosity in the Centaurus Cluster. The limits on the other two clusters allow for considerable hidden cooling. The implied total mass of cooled gas is much larger than the observed molecular masses. We discuss its fate including possible further cooling and collapse into undetected very cold clouds, low mass stars and substellar objects,
description: 11 pages. 7 figures, 2 tables MNRAS in press
Polycladida Lang 1881
Creators: name: Dittmann, Isabel L.
name: Dibiasi, Wolfgang
name: Noreña, Carolina
name: Egger, Bernhard
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Platyhelminthes
Rhabditophora
Polycladida

description: Order Polycladida Lang, 1881
Suborder Cotylea Lang, 1884
description: Published as part of Dittmann, Isabel L., Dibiasi, Wolfgang, Noreña, Carolina & Egger, Bernhard, 2019, Description of the snail-eating flatworm in marine aquaria, Pericelis tectivorum sp. nov. (Polycladida, Platyhelminthes), pp. 383-397 in Zootaxa 4565 (3) on page 385, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4565.3.5, http://zenodo.org/record/2590313
The emergence of diffused Gamma-Ray Burst afterglows from the disks of Active Galactic Nuclei
Creators: name: Wang, Yihan
name: Lazzati, Davide
name: Perna, Rosalba
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The disks of Active Galactic Nuclei (AGNs) have emerged as rich environments for the production and capture of stars and the compact objects that they leave behind. These stars produce long Gamma-Ray Bursts (LGRBs) at their deaths, while frequent interactions among compact objects form binary neutron stars and neutron star-black hole binaries, leading to short GRBs (SGRBs) upon their merger. Predicting the properties of these transients as they emerge from the dense environments of AGN disks is key to their proper identification and to better constrain the star and compact object population in AGN disks. Some of these transients would appear unusual because they take place in much higher densities than the interstellar medium. Others, which are the subject of this paper, would additionally be modified by radiation diffusion since they are generated within optically thick regions of the accretion disks. Here we compute the GRB afterglow light curves for diffused GRB sources for a representative variety of central black-hole masses and disk locations. We find that the radiation from radio to UV and soft X-rays can be strongly suppressed by synchrotron self-absorption in the dense medium of the AGN disk. In addition, photon diffusion can significantly delay the emergence of the emission peak, turning a beamed, fast transient into a slow, isotropic, and dimmer one. These would appear as broadband-correlated AGN variability with dominance at the higher frequencies. Their properties can constrain both the stellar populations within AGN disks as well as the disk structure.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS
The power of cities in migration governance: Pilot project report
Creators: name: PEJIC, DANIEL
Publisher: name: University of Melbourne
Year: 2021
Subjects: Urban policy
Urban analysis and development
Migration

description: This study piloted a framework for assessing the powers that local authorities have over governing the inclusion of migrants and refugees. The framework was based on a ‘governability grip’ assessment, originally developed to assess powers over urban infrastructure. The approach was piloted on three local governments in federal systems (Seattle, São Paulo and Sydney) and assessed their powers to support migrant inclusion in the areas of employment, housing and language.
PSR J0952-0607: The Fastest and Heaviest Known Galactic Neutron Star
Creators: name: Romani, Roger W.
name: Kandel, D.
name: Filippenko, Alexei V.
name: Brink, Thomas G.
name: Zheng, WeiKang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe Keck-telescope spectrophotometry and imaging of the companion of the ``black widow" pulsar PSR~J0952$-$0607, the fastest known spinning neutron star (NS) in the disk of the Milky Way. The companion is very faint at minimum brightness, presenting observational challenges, but we have measured multicolor light curves and obtained radial velocities over the illuminated ``day" half of the orbit. The model fits indicate system inclination $i=59.8\pm 1.9^\circ$ and a pulsar mass $M_{NS} = 2.35\pm 0.17 M_\odot$, the largest well-measured mass found to date. Modeling uncertainties are small, since the heating is not extreme; the companion lies well within its Roche lobe and a simple direct-heating model provides the best fit. If the NS started at a typical pulsar birth mass, nearly $1 M_\odot$ has been accreted; this may be connected with the especially low intrinsic dipole surface field, estimated at $6\times 10^7$G. Joined with reanalysis of other black widow and redback pulsars, we find that the minimum value for the maximum NS mass is $M_{\rm max} > 2.19 M_\odot$$(2.09 M_\odot)$ at $1σ$$(3σ)$ confidence. This is $\sim 0.15 M_\odot$ heavier than the lower limit on $M_{\rm max}$ implied by the white-dwarf--pulsar binaries measured via radio Shapiro-delay techniques.
description: To Appear in ApJ Letters
Sentry article Aug 2021
Creators: name: Bone, Elisa
Publisher: name: University of Melbourne
Year: 2021
Subjects: Higher education

description: An article written for NTEU Sentry, published online on 19 August, 2021. The article discusses the increased pressure on teaching academics in Australian universities, in part owing to the COVID-19 pandemic and the forced move to online teaching and learning.
Extreme giant molecular clouds in the luminous infrared galaxy NGC 3256
Creators: name: Brunetti, Nathan
name: Wilson, Christine D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: (Abridged) We present a cloud decomposition of $^{12}$CO (2--1) observations of the merger and nearest luminous infrared galaxy, NGC 3256. 185 spatially and spectrally resolved clouds are identified across the central $\approx$ 130 kpc$^{2}$ at 90 pc resolution and completeness is estimated. We compare our cloud catalogue from NGC 3256 to ten galaxies observed in the PHANGS-ALMA survey. Distributions in NGC 3256 of cloud velocity dispersions, luminosities, CO-estimated masses, mass surface densities, virial masses, virial parameters, size-linewidth coefficients, and internal turbulent pressures are significantly higher than in the PHANGS-ALMA galaxies. Cloud radii are slightly larger in NGC 3256 and free-fall times are shorter. The distribution of cloud eccentricities in NGC 3256 is indistinguishable from many PHANGS-ALMA galaxies, possibly because the dynamical state of clouds in NGC 3256 is similar to that of nearby spiral galaxies. However, the narrower distribution of virial parameters in NGC 3256 may reflect a narrower range of dynamical states than in PHANGS-ALMA galaxies. No clear picture of cloud alignment is detected, despite the large eccentricities. Correlations between cloud properties point to high external pressures in NGC 3256 keeping clouds bound and collapsing given such high velocity dispersions and star-formation rates. A fit to the cloud mass function gives a high-mass power-law slope of $-2.75^{+0.07}_{-0.01}$, near the average from PHANGS-ALMA galaxies. We also compare our results to a pixel-based analysis of these observations and find molecular-gas properties agree qualitatively, though peak brightness temperatures are somewhat higher and virial parameters and free-fall times are somewhat lower in this cloud-based analysis.
description: accepted to MNRAS; 25 pages, 17 figures
The stellar parameters and elemental abundances from low-resolution spectra I: 1.2 million giants from LAMOST DR8
Creators: name: Li, Zhuohan
name: Zhao, Gang
name: Chen, Yuqin
name: Liang, Xilong
name: Zhao, Jingkun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: As a typical data-driven method, deep learning becomes a natural choice for analysing astronomical data nowadays. In this study, we built a deep convolutional neural network to estimate basic stellar parameters $T\rm{_{eff}}$, log g, metallicity ([M/H] and [Fe/H]) and [$α$/M] along with nine individual elemental abundances ([C/Fe], [N/Fe], [O/Fe], [Mg/Fe], [Al/Fe], [Si/Fe], [Ca/Fe], [Mn/Fe], [Ni/Fe]). The neural network is trained using common stars between the APOGEE survey and the LAMOST survey. We used low-resolution spectra from LAMOST survey as input, and measurements from APOGEE as labels. For stellar spectra with the signal-to-noise ratio in g band larger than 10 in the test set, the mean absolute error (MAE) is 29 K for $T\rm{_{eff}}$, 0.07 dex for log g, 0.03 dex for both [Fe/H] and [M/H], and 0.02 dex for [$α$/M]. The MAE of most elements is between 0.02 dex and 0.04 dex. The trained neural network was applied to 1,210,145 giants, including sub-giants, from LAMOST DR8 within the range of stellar parameters 3500 K < $T\rm{_{eff}}$ < 5500 K, 0.0 dex < log g < 4.0 dex, -2.5 dex < [Fe/H] < 0.5 dex. The distribution of our results in the chemical spaces is highly consistent with APOGEE labels and stellar parameters show consistency with external high-resolution measurements from GALAH. The results in this study allow us to further studies based on LAMOST data and deepen our understanding of the accretion and evolution history of the Milky Way. The electronic version of the value added catalog is available at http://www.lamost.org/dr8/v1.1/doc/vac.
description: 18 pages, 18 figures, 2 tables, accepted for publication in MNRAS
MaRDI in the broader context of NFDI-related knowledge graphs
Creators: name: Mietchen, Daniel
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: This repo hosts a presentation given on 18 November 2024 at the MaRDI Annual meeting 2024. MaRDI (Mathematical Research Data Initiative - see proposal, portal and mission) is the mathematical consortium within the German National Research Data Infrastructure (NFDI), and this talk discussed knowledge graphs operated by MaRDI and other NFDI consortia.
Von Zeipel - Lidov - Kozai cycles in action: $Kepler$ triples with eclipse depth variations: KICs 6964043, 5653126, 5731312 and 8023317
Creators: name: Borkovits, T.
name: Rappaport, S. A.
name: Toonen, S.
name: Moe, M.
name: Mitnyan, T.
name: Csányi, I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the results of the photodynamical analyses of four compact, tight triple stellar systems, KICs 6964043, 5653126, 5731312, 8023317, based largely on $Kepler$ and $TESS$ data. All systems display remarkable eclipse timing and eclipse depth variations, the latter implying a non-aligned outer orbit. Moreover, KIC 6964043 is also a triply eclipsing system. We combined photometry, ETV curves, and archival spectral energy distribution data to obtain the astrophysical parameters of the constituent stars and the orbital elements with substantial precision. KICs 6964043 and 5653126 were found to be nearly flat with mutual inclinations $i_{mut}=4.1$ deg and $12.3$ deg, respectively, while KICs 5731312, 8023317 ($i_{mut}=39.4$ deg and $55.7$ deg, respectively) are found to lie in the high $i_{mut}$ regime of the von Zeipel-Kozai-Lidov (ZKL) theorem. We show that currently both high inclination triples exhibit observable unusual retrograde apsidal motion. Moreover, the eclipses will disappear in all but one of the four systems within a few decades. Short-term numerical integrations of the dynamical evolution reveal that both high inclination triples are currently subject to ongoing, large amplitude ($Δe\sim0.3$) inner eccentricity variations on centuries-long timescales, in accord with the ZKL theorem. Longer-term integrations predict that two of the four systems may become dynamically unstable on $\sim$ Gyr timescales, while in the other two triples common envelope phases and stellar mergers may occur. Finally we investigate the dynamical properties of a sample of 71 KIC/TIC triples statistically, and find that the mutual inclinations and outer mass ratios are anti-correlated at the 4$σ$ level. We discuss the implications for the formation mechanisms of compact triples.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS. This arXiv version contains the full, long LaTeX tables of the times of minima data, which will be available as machine readable online supplementary material in the journal version
A galaxy-driven model of type Ia supernova luminosity variations
Creators: name: Wiseman, P.
name: Vincenzi, M.
name: Sullivan, M.
name: Kelsey, L.
name: Popovic, B.
name: Rose, B.
name: Brout, D.
name: Davis, T. M.
name: Frohmaier, C.
name: Galbany, L.
name: Lidman, C.
name: Möller, A.
name: Scolnic, D.
name: Smith, M.
name: Aguena, M.
name: Allam, S.
name: Andrade-Oliveira, F.
name: Annis, J.
name: Bertin, E.
name: Bocquet, S.
name: Brooks, D.
name: Burke, D. L.
name: Rosell, A. Carnero
name: Kind, M. Carrasco
name: Carretero, J.
name: Castander, F. J.
name: Costanzi, M.
name: Pereira, M. E. S.
name: Desai, S.
name: Diehl, H. T.
name: Doel, P.
name: Everett, S.
name: Ferrero, I.
name: Friedel, D.
name: Frieman, J.
name: García-Bellido, J.
name: Gatti, M.
name: Gaztanaga, E.
name: Gruen, D.
name: Gschwend, J.
name: Gutierrez, G.
name: Hinton, S. R.
name: Hollowood, D. L.
name: Honscheid, K.
name: James, D. J.
name: March, M.
name: Menanteau, F.
name: Miquel, R.
name: Morgan, R.
name: Palmese, A.
name: Paz-Chinchón, F.
name: Pieres, A.
name: Malagón, A. A. Plazas
name: Romer, A. K.
name: Sanchez, E.
name: Scarpine, V.
name: Sevilla-Noarbe, I.
name: Santos, M. Soares-
name: Suchyta, E.
name: Tarle, G.
name: To, C.
name: Varga, T. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) are used as standardisable candles to measure cosmological distances, but differences remain in their corrected luminosities which display a magnitude step as a function of host galaxy properties such as stellar mass and rest-frame $U-R$ colour. Identifying the cause of these steps is key to cosmological analyses and provides insight into SN physics. Here we investigate the effects of SN progenitor ages on their light curve properties using a galaxy-based forward model that we compare to the Dark Energy Survey 5-year SN Ia sample. We trace SN Ia progenitors through time and draw their light-curve width parameters from a bimodal distribution according to their age. We find that an intrinsic luminosity difference between SNe of different ages cannot explain the observed trend between step size and SN colour. The data split by stellar mass are better reproduced by following recent work implementing a step in total-to-selective dust extinction ratio $(R_V)$ between low- and high-mass hosts, although an additional intrinsic luminosity step is still required to explain the data split by host galaxy $U-R$. Modelling the $R_V$ step as a function of galaxy age provides a better match overall. Additional age vs. luminosity steps marginally improve the match to the data, although most of the step is absorbed by the width vs. luminosity coefficient $α$. Furthermore, we find no evidence that $α$ varies with SN age.
description: 20 pages, 16 figures. Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Dynamical Fates of S-Type Planetary Systems in Embedded Cluster Environments
Creators: name: Ellithorpe, Elizabeth A.
name: Kaib, Nathan A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The majority of binary star systems that host exoplanets will spend the first portion of their lives within a star-forming cluster that may drive dynamical evolution of the binary-planet system. We perform numerical simulations of S-type planets, with masses and orbital architecture analogous to the solar system's 4 gas giants, orbiting within the influence of a 0.5 solar-mass binary companion. The binary-planet system is integrated simultaneously with an embedded stellar cluster environment. ~10% of our planetary systems are destabilized when perturbations from our cluster environment drive the binary periastron toward the planets. This destabilization occurs despite all of our systems being initialized with binary orbits that would allow stable planets in the absence of the cluster. The planet-planet scattering triggered in our systems typically results in the loss of lower mass planets and the excitement of the eccentricities of surviving higher mass planets. Many of our planetary systems that go unstable also lose their binary companions prior to cluster dispersal and can therefore masquerade as hosts of eccentric exoplanets that have spent their entire histories as isolated stars. The cluster-driven binary orbital evolution in our simulations can also generate planetary systems with misaligned spin-orbit angles. This is typically done as the planetary system precesses as a rigid disk under the influence of an inclined binary, and those systems with the highest spin-orbit angles should often retain their binary companion and possess multiple surviving planets.
description: 20 pages, 7 figures, 3 tables, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Tracing a decade of activity towards a yellow hypergiant. The spectral and spatial morphology of IRC+10420 at au scales
Creators: name: Koumpia, Evgenia
name: Oudmaijer, R. D.
name: de Wit, W. -J.
name: Mérand, A.
name: Black, J. H.
name: Ababakr, K. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The fate of a massive star during the latest stages of its evolution is highly dependent on its mass-loss history and geometry, with the yellow hypergiants being key objects to study those phases of evolution. We present near-IR interferometric observations of the famous yellow hypergiant IRC +10420 and blue spectra taken between 1994-2019. Our 2.2 $μ$m GRAVITY/VLTI observations attain a spatial resolution of $\sim$5 stellar radii and probe the hot emission in the K-band tracing the gas via Na i double emission and the Br$γ$ emission. The observed configurations spatially resolve the 2.2 $μ$m continuum as well as the Br$γ$ and the Na i emission lines. Our geometric modelling demonstrates the presence of a compact neutral zone (Na i) which is slightly larger than the continuum but within an extended Br$γ$ emitting region. Our geometric models of the Br$γ$ emission confirm an hour-glass geometry of the wind. To explain this peculiar geometry we investigate the presence of a companion at 7-800 au separations and find no signature at the contrast limit of our observations (3.7 mag at 3$σ$). We report an evolution of the ejecta over a time span of 7 years, which allows us to constrain the opening angle of the hour-glass geometry at $<$10$^\circ$. Lastly, we present the first blue optical spectra of IRC +10420 since 1994. The multi-epoch data indicate that the spectral type, and thus temperature, of the object has essentially remained constant during the intervening years. This confirms earlier conclusions that following an increase in temperature of 2000 K in less than two decades prior to 1994, the temperature increase has halted. This suggests that this yellow hypergiant has "hit" the White Wall in the HR-diagram preventing it from evolving blue-wards, and will likely undergo a major mass-loss event in the near future.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS; 13 pages, 7 figures, 2 tables
Debates in Disability and Health Policy: Health inequities and the social determinants of health for Australians with disability
Creators: name: Green, Celia
name: DICKINSON, HELEN
name: CAREY, GEMMA
Publisher: name: University of Melbourne
Year: 2021
Subjects: People with disability
Health policy
Welfare economics

description: Debates in Disability and Health Policy: Health inequities and the social determinants of health for Australians with disability
This report has been produced by policy researchers from the Centre of Research Excellence in Disability and Health. It summarises findings from interviews conducted with the Policy Lab Members (PLMs) in October to December 2017.
The interviews explored the views of PLMs in five key areas relating to disability and health policy:

1. Health inequities experienced by working-ageAustralians with disability2. Social determinants influencing the health ofworking-age Australians with disability3. The evidence base relating to health inequities4. Current effectiveness of social/health policy inaddressing health inequities and social determinantsof health for Australians with disability5. Policy objectives in the next 5 years to address healthinequities for Australians with disability

Policy Lab Members identified a range of issues that contribute to the poorer health of people with disability, with the key factors outlined as:- Income and employment
- Social exclusion
- Housing
- Transport
- Education

All these are interconnected which affect and impact others. A number of other issues were identified as:

- A lack of employment opportunities for people with disability and the jobs which are available are often poorly paid- Discrimination against people with disabilities when seeking work- Negative community attitudes towards people with disability increases social exclusion which impacts on mental and physical health- A lack of affordable housing, both in the private rental market and in social housing- Restricted transport options for people living in rural or remote regions which impacts on a someone’s ability to get to work, and to keep in contact with family and friends - A lack of education which provides people with disability the skills to manage general issues with their own health and other circumstances such as being able to navigate the workplace and find a job.
These gaps have resulted in significant health inequities for people with disability in Australia.
Further informationhttps://credh.org.au/research-themes/policy-analysis-and-reform/
Molecules with ALMA at Planet-forming Scales (MAPS). A Circumplanetary Disk Candidate in Molecular Line Emission in the AS 209 Disk
Creators: name: Bae, Jaehan
name: Teague, Richard
name: Andrews, Sean M.
name: Benisty, Myriam
name: Facchini, Stefano
name: Galloway-Sprietsma, Maria
name: Loomis, Ryan A.
name: Aikawa, Yuri
name: Alarcon, Felipe
name: Bergin, Edwin
name: Bergner, Jennifer B.
name: Booth, Alice S.
name: Cataldi, Gianni
name: Cleeves, L. Ilsedore
name: Czekala, Ian
name: Guzman, Viviana V.
name: Huang, Jane
name: Ilee, John D.
name: Kurtovic, Nicolas T.
name: Law, Charles J.
name: Gal, Romane Le
name: Liu, Yao
name: Long, Feng
name: Menard, Francois
name: Oberg, Karin I.
name: Perez, Laura M.
name: Qi, Chunhua
name: Schwarz, Kamber R.
name: Sierra, Anibal
name: Walsh, Catherine
name: Wilner, David J.
name: Zhang, Ke
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the discovery of a circumplanetary disk (CPD) candidate embedded in the circumstellar disk of the T Tauri star AS 209 at a radial distance of about 200 au (on-sky separation of 1."4 from the star at a position angle of $161^\circ$), isolated via $^{13}$CO $J=2-1$ emission. This is the first instance of CPD detection via gaseous emission capable of tracing the overall CPD mass. The CPD is spatially unresolved with a $117\times82$ mas beam and manifests as a point source in $^{13}$CO, indicating that its diameter is $\lesssim14$ au. The CPD is embedded within an annular gap in the circumstellar disk previously identified using $^{12}$CO and near-infrared scattered light observations, and is associated with localized velocity perturbations in $^{12}$CO. The coincidence of these features suggests that they have a common origin: an embedded giant planet. We use the $^{13}$CO intensity to constrain the CPD gas temperature and mass. We find that the CPD temperature is $\gtrsim35$ K, higher than the circumstellar disk temperature at the radial location of the CPD, 22 K, suggesting that heating sources localized to the CPD must be present. The CPD gas mass is $\gtrsim 0.095 M_{\rm Jup} \simeq 30 M_{\rm Earth}$ adopting a standard $^{13}$CO abundance. From the non-detection of millimeter continuum emission at the location of the CPD ($3σ$ flux density $\lesssim26.4~μ$Jy), we infer that the CPD dust mass is $\lesssim 0.027 M_{\rm Earth} \simeq 2.2$ lunar masses, indicating a low dust-to-gas mass ratio of $\lesssim9\times10^{-4}$. We discuss the formation mechanism of the CPD-hosting giant planet on a wide orbit in the framework of gravitational instability and pebble accretion.
description: Accepted for publication in the ApJ Letters (July 7, 2022), 19 pages, 13 figures, interactive figures (Figure 7, 8, 9) are available at http://jaehanbae.com/as209/
Oxyrrhexis Foerster 1869
Creators: name: El-Hennawy, Hisham K.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Ichneumonidae
Oxyrrhexis

description: Oxyrrhexis Foerster, 1869
Oxyrrhexis Foerster, 1869: 166. Type species: Cryptus carbonator Gravenhorst, 1807. Monotypically included and designated by Schmiedeknecht, 1888.
description: Published as part of El-Hennawy, Hisham K., 2017, First record of the genus Oxyrrhexis Foerster, 1869 (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae: Pimplinae, Ephialtini) for the fauna of Egypt, with an unexpected new host record, pp. 187-194 in Zootaxa 4318 (1) on page 189, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4318.1.11, http://zenodo.org/record/885646
Debates in Disability and Health Policy
Creators: name: Green, Celia
name: DICKINSON, HELEN
name: CAREY, GEMMA
Publisher: name: University of Melbourne
Year: 2021
Subjects: People with disability
Health policy
Welfare economics

description: This report has been produced by policy researchers from the Centre of Research Excellence in Disability and Health. It summarises findings from interviews conducted with the Policy Lab Members (PLMs) in October to December 2017.
The interviews explored the views of PLMs in five key areas relating to disability and health policy:

1. Health inequities experienced by working-ageAustralians with disability2. Social determinants influencing the health ofworking-age Australians with disability3. The evidence base relating to health inequities4. Current effectiveness of social/health policy inaddressing health inequities and social determinantsof health for Australians with disability5. Policy objectives in the next 5 years to address healthinequities for Australians with disability

Policy Lab Members identified a range of issues that contribute to the poorer health of people with disability, with the key factors outlined as:- Income and employment
- Social exclusion
- Housing
- Transport
- Education

All these are interconnected which affect and impact others. A number of other issues were identified as:

- A lack of employment opportunities for people with disability and the jobs which are available are often poorly paid- Discrimination against people with disabilities when seeking work- Negative community attitudes towards people with disability increases social exclusion which impacts on mental and physical health- A lack of affordable housing, both in the private rental market and in social housing- Restricted transport options for people living in rural or remote regions which impacts on a someone’s ability to get to work, and to keep in contact with family and friends - A lack of education which provides people with disability the skills to manage general issues with their own health and other circumstances such as being able to navigate the workplace and find a job.
These gaps have resulted in significant health inequities for people with disability in Australia.
Further informationhttps://credh.org.au/research-themes/policy-analysis-and-reform/