cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: 01_0347
Creators: name: Wesley Baldwin, John
name: Baldwin, John W.
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: LaMOP
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris

description: L'ensemble de ces notes ont été crée par John Baldwin lors d'une de ses premières périodes de résidence à Paris. Ces documents comprennent tous les magistri qu’il avait pu rencontrer dans ses sources. Aux XIIème et XIIIème siècles, les universités n'existant pas encore, le titre de magister s'il évoque certainement une compétence n'est pas rattaché de façon systématique au passage par les écoles. De surcroît, les magistris sont le plus souvent désignés par leur seul prénom. La lecture de ces données est donc difficile et suppose un long travail pour tenter d'identifier un individu auquel on pourrait rattacher plusieurs mentions. John Baldwin avait donc renoncé à utiliser ces données pour donner un prolongement à sa magnifique étude sur les gradués d'université et leur emploi par les Capétiens et les Plantagenêts. Néanmoins, il a conservé ces données et elles sont potentiellement très utile dans le cadre de Studium, comme le sont toutes les mentions dans les volumes des Fasti Ecclesiae Gallicanae de chanoines portant ce titre de magister sans autres précisions. L'ampleur des dépouillements rend ces données très utiles et nous devons une grande reconnaissance à John Baldwin pour avoir pris la peine de faire photocopier ses fiches et de nous les avoir transmises amicalement.
Les données ainsi que les images des fiches sont accessibles sur le site Internet à l'adresse suivante : http://studium-baldwin.lamop.fr/.
Les transcriptions des fiches ont été effectuées par des étudiants de Paris 1 Panthéon - Sorbonne mais elles n'ont pas été corrigées par la suite.
description: Relation: https://lamop.hypotheses.org/
Conexiuni asociative în grafica de carte a artistului plastic Mihail Brunea
Creators: name: Rocaciuc, Victoria
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 190102 Art History
subject: FOS: Arts (arts, history of arts, performing arts, music)

description: Conexiuni asociative în grafica de carte a artistului plastic Mihail Brunea
The organisation of agricultural production in East Germany since World War II: Historical roots and present situation
Creators: name: Wolz, Axel
name: Wolz, Axel
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: organsation of agricultural production
subject: Soviet Occupation Zone
subject: German Democratic Republic
subject: reunification
subject: Germany

description: Up to the end of World War II, the political-economic framework had been relatively similar all over Germany. However, the farm structure was different. While in both parts, the West and the East, about 90 per cent of all farms cultivated less than 20 ha and about one per cent more than 100 ha, the large fams cultivated about 7 per cent of the agricultural area in the West, but about 30 per cent in the East. Following the unconditional surrender of Germany in 1945 and its division by the four Allies, the differences in the organisation of agricultural production between East and West became more pronounced. In the Soviet Occupation Zone and then with the creation of the German Democratic Republic in October 1949, the socialist model of agricultural production was introduced in three phases: (1) an enforced "land reform" between 1945-49; (2) the repression of farmers cultivating more than 20 ha, starting in 1949, and finally (3) the collectivization of agricultural production starting in 1952 and finalised in the "Socialist Spring" in April 1960. While socialist agriculture had been built up on "blood and tears", it came to be fully accepted by the East German population over time and heavily defended also by those political forces which pushed for a regime change in 1989. With the collapse of the socialist regime in 1989 and German reunification in 1990, socialist agriculture had to be transformed into a system compatible with pluralistic democracy and market economy. Similarly, those whose assets had been confiscated were supposed to be restituted. However, the legal system at reunification differentiated between those who were expropriated either before 1945 or after 1949 and those between 1945 and 1949 under Soviet occupation. While the first group was entitled to restitution, the latter group received little compensation. At the time of transition, most politicians and agricultural economists assumed that family farming would re-emerge in the East and the modes of agricultural production would adjust between the two parts. However, even more than two decades after reunification, German agriculture is characterized by two distinguished different agricultural production systems. While West German agriculture continued the tradition of small-scale family farms relying on family labour, East German agriculture is characterised by large-scale corporate farms relying on permanently employed labour. In this way, German agriculture can be characterised as "One country - Two systems".
Desenul în viziunea pictorului Dimitrie Sevastianov: o fațetă marcantă a creației
Creators: name: ȘIBAEV, Dmitri
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 190102 Art History
subject: FOS: Arts (arts, history of arts, performing arts, music)

description: Desenul în viziunea pictorului Dimitrie Sevastianov: o fațetă marcantă a creației
"To fish for themselves" : a study of accommodation and resistance in the Stó:lō fishery
Creators: name: Brown, Kimberly Linkous
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Fisheries regulations, implemented in the 1880s, banned the sale of Indian 'food fish' and resulted in the creation of the categories of "food fishing" and "commercial fishing." While simultaneously accepting and rejecting that place in the margins of this fractured fishery, Stó:lō people have consistently maintained that their Aboriginal right to fish cannot be cast in these false categories that separate the economic and social components of their way of life. Stó:lō fishers have been fighting for their Aboriginal right to fish since the their first encounters with the Xwelitem. This thesis addresses that struggle within a context of accommodation and resistance. In this historically situated ethnography, I offer an examination of a problem, not a people. By selecting three distinct responses to fisheries regulation on the part of peoples identifying themselves as Stó:lō, I reveal a link between the histories of the individual Stó:lō communities and their specific responses to regulation, demonstrating that connected to those histories are as many different Stó:lō fisheries as there are species of salmon. The responses examined in this thesis are, in the words of the Stó:lō themselves, rooted in tradition; tradition having become the short answer to questions regarding the Stó:lō and their Aboriginal right to fish. As a part of my examination, I seek to uncover the long answer; more specifically how tradition has come to support these separate and distinct responses to over a century of interference into their way of life.
The Evolution of Substructure in Galaxy, Group and Cluster Haloes III: Comparison with Simulations
Creators: name: Taylor, James E.
name: Babul, Arif
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In a previous paper, we described a new method for including detailed information about substructure in semi-analytic models of halo formation based on merger trees. In this paper, we compare the predictions of our model with results from self-consistent numerical simulations. We find that in general the two methods agree extremely well, particularly once numerical effects and selection effects in the choice of haloes are taken into account. As expected from the original analyses of the simulations, we see some evidence for artificial overmerging in the innermost regions of the simulated haloes, either because substructure is being disrupted artificially or because the group-finding algorithms used to identify substructure are not detecting all the bound clumps in the highest-density regions. Our analytic results suggest that greater mass and force resolution may be required before numerical overmerging becomes negligible in all current applications. We discuss the implications of this result for observational and experimental tests of halo substructure, such as the analysis of discrepant magnification ratios in strongly lensed systems, terrestrial experiments to detect dark matter particles directly, or indirect detection experiments searching for positrons, gamma-rays, neutrinos or other dark matter decay products.
description: 17 pages, 12 figures; submitted to MNRAS
Emission-aware Energy Storage Scheduling for a Greener Grid
Creators: name: Jha, Rishikesh
name: Lee, Stephen
name: Iyengar, Srinivasan
name: Hajiesmaili, Mohammad H.
name: Irwin, David
name: Shenoy, Prashant
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Reducing our reliance on carbon-intensive energy sources is vital for reducing the carbon footprint of the electric grid. Although the grid is seeing increasing deployments of clean, renewable sources of energy, a significant portion of the grid demand is still met using traditional carbon-intensive energy sources. In this paper, we study the problem of using energy storage deployed in the grid to reduce the grid's carbon emissions. While energy storage has previously been used for grid optimizations such as peak shaving and smoothing intermittent sources, our insight is to use distributed storage to enable utilities to reduce their reliance on their less efficient and most carbon-intensive power plants and thereby reduce their overall emission footprint. We formulate the problem of emission-aware scheduling of distributed energy storage as an optimization problem, and use a robust optimization approach that is well-suited for handling the uncertainty in load predictions, especially in the presence of intermittent renewables such as solar and wind. We evaluate our approach using a state of the art neural network load forecasting technique and real load traces from a distribution grid with 1,341 homes. Our results show a reduction of >0.5 million kg in annual carbon emissions -- equivalent to a drop of 23.3% in our electric grid emissions.
description: 11 pages, 7 figure, This paper will appear in the Proceedings of the ACM International Conference on Future Energy Systems (e-Energy 20) June 2020, Australia
International Economic Law, and Institutions in Developing Countries
Creators: name: Jung Park, Tae
name: Jung Park, Tae
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2013
Subjects: Financial Economics
Institutional and Behavioral Economics
International Development
International Relations/Trade
Political Economy
Public Economics

description: The Washington Consensus policies (i.e., policies that focus primarily on privatization and liberalization) have failed to work as promised. In the developing countries that followed the Washington Consensus policies, economic growth was limited at best. Many scholars agree that this is because developing countries failed to establish “right institutions” (i.e., institutions that reflect the local market conditions and culture), which are crucial for the Washington Consensus policies to perform well. The Washington Consensus and the WTO were working together because they both call for openness to trade, so there was never a conflict between the two. However, the WTO has never come to grips with the fact that its openness agenda is no longer accepted as a sufficient or even a necessary part of development policy. The WTO has not shown sufficient efforts to help developing countries implement right institutions, even though the WTO faces domestic institutions through various channels such as the dispute settlement system. The goal is not to use free trade as a means for growth but to use growth as a means to achieve free trade. That is, once a country has developed, we can expect it to accept the free trade regime, but we should not necessarily expect it to grow through free trade. This article argues that the WTO must shift from a “market access” mind-set to a “development” mind-set, enable developing countries to experiment with institutional arrangements, and leave room for them to devise their own right institutions. The article introduces three methods by which to achieve this shift: (1) modification of the accession process, (2) modification of safeguards, and (3) cooperation with the International Monetary Fund.
The Neutralino Sector of the Next-to-Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model
Creators: name: Choi, S. Y.
name: Miller, D. J.
name: Zerwas, P. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Next-to-Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model (NMSSM) includes a Higgs iso-singlet superfield in addition to the two Higgs doublet superfields of the minimal extension. If the Higgs fields remain weakly coupled up to the GUT scale, as naturally motivated by the concept of supersymmetry, the mixing between singlet and doublet fields is small and can be treated perturbatively. The mass spectrum and mixing matrix of the neutralino sector can be analyzed analytically and the structure of this 5-state system is under good theoretical control. We also determine decay modes and production channels in sfermion cascade decays to these particles at the LHC and pair production in e+e- colliders.
description: 27 pages, 8 figures
The Relativistically Spinning Charged Sphere
Creators: name: Lynden-Bell, Donald
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: When the equatorial spin velocity, $v$, of a charged conducting sphere approaches $c$, the Lorentz force causes a remarkable rearrangement of the total charge $q$. Charge of that sign is confined to a narrow equatorial belt at latitudes $b \leqslant \sqrt{3} (1 - v^2/c^2)^{1/2}$ while charge of the opposite sign occupies most of the sphere's surface. The change in field structure is shown to be a growing contribution of the `magic' electromagnetic field of the charged Kerr-Newman black hole with Newton's G set to zero. The total charge within the narrow equatorial belt grows as $(1-v^2/c^2)^{-{1/4}}$ and tends to infinity as $v$ approaches $c$. The electromagnetic field, Poynting vector, field angular momentum and field energy are calculated for these configurations. Gyromagnetic ratio, g-factor and electromagnetic mass are illustrated in terms of a 19th Century electron model. Classical models with no spin had the small classical electron radius $e^2/mc^2\sim$ a hundredth of the Compton wavelength, but models with spin take that larger size but are so relativistically concentrated to the equator that most of their mass is electromagnetic. The method of images at inverse points of the sphere is shown to extend to charges at points with imaginary co-ordinates.
description: 15 pages, 1figure
Towards the description of water adsorption in slit-like nanochannels with grafted molecular brushes. Density functional theory
Creators: name: Trejos, V. M.
name: Aguilar, M.
name: Sokołowski, S.
name: Pizio, O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have explored a model for adsorption of water into slit-like nanochannels with two walls chemically modified by grafted polymer layers forming brushes. A version of density functional method is used as theoretical tools. The water-like fluid model adopted from the work of Clark et al. [Mol. Phys., 2006, 104, 3561] adequately reproduces the bulk vapour-liquid coexistence envelope. The polymer layer consists of chain molecules in the framework of pearl-necklace model. Each chain molecule is chemically bonded to the pore walls by a single terminating segment. Our principal focus is in the study of the dependence of polymer layer height on grafting density and in the microscopic structure of the interface between adsorbed fluid and brushes. Thermal response of these properties upon adsorption is investigated in detail. The results are of importance to understand shrinking and swelling of the molecular brushes in the nanochannels.
description: 17 pages, 6 figures
Analysis of efficiency in organic wine and olive farms in the Italian FADN dataset
Creators: name: Galluzzo, Nicola
name: Galluzzo, Nicola
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Productivity Analysis
subject: Farm Accountancy Data Network
subject: economic efficiency
subject: organic farms
subject: Italian olive farms

description: Over the recent years there has been in Italy a growth of organic farms with a positive consequence in increasing the farmer’s income by a direct commercialization of products. The analysis has used a quantitative model of investigation in a dataset of organic and conventional farms belonging to the Farm Accountancy Data Network (FADN). The organic farms have underscored an inferior level of efficiency than conventional ones underling as land capital and labor force may be two pivotal variables in improving the level of economic and allocative efficiency in organic farms.
Development in astronomy in Ethiopia and East-Africa through nuclear activity in galaxies
Creators: name: Pović, Mirjana
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we summarise the research that is currently going on in Ethiopia and East-Africa in extragalactic astronomy and physics of active galaxies and active galactic nuclei (AGN). The study is focused on some of the still open questions such as: what are the stellar ages and populations of ultra hard X-ray detected AGN and connection between AGN and their host galaxies?, what are the properties of AGN in galaxy clusters and the role that environment has in triggering nuclear activity?, what are the morphological properties of AGN and how precisely we can deal with morphological classification of active galaxies?, what are the properties of galaxies in the green valley and the role of AGN in galaxy evolution?, and what are the properties of radio-loud and radio-quiet quasars (QSO) and dichotomy between the two?. Each of these questions has been developed under one specific project that will be briefly introduced. These projects involve 6 PhD and 3 MSc students and collaborations between Ethiopia, Rwanda, South Africa, Uganda, Tanzania, Spain, Italy, and Chile. With all projects we aim: first, to contribute to our general knowledge about AGN, and second, to contribute to the development in astronomy and science in Ethiopia and East-Africa.
description: 5 pages; Proceedings paper of the IAU symposium 356 "Nuclear Activity in Galaxies Across Cosmic Time" (Ethiopia) accepted to be published under the Cambridge University Press, eds. M. Povi\'c, P. Marziani, J. Masegosa, H. Netzer, S. H. Negu, and S. B. Tessema
The impact of green public procurement decisions on international trade and prices of certified and conventional wood
Creators: name: Brusselaers, Jan
name: Buysse, Jeroen
name: Brusselaers, Jan
name: Buysse, Jeroen
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: forest certification
subject: green public procurement
subject: international trade

description: This poster presents the macro-economic analysis of the impact of Green Public Procurement of certified wood products in one continent on the wood markets of other continents. A Spatial Equilibrium Model is used to measure the global economic impact of both instruments. At present, certification is promoted as a useful tool for the sustainable management of (tropical) forests in countries with weak governments. This poster however demonstrates that the green public procurement of certification wood does not always result in the hoped-for positive welfare effects. In specific situations, the increased demand for certified wood can even entail a negative effect.
On Volume Subregion Complexity in Non-Conformal Theories
Creators: name: Asadi, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the volume prescription of the holographic subregion complexity in a holographic 5 dimensional model consisting of Einstein gravity coupled to a scalar field with a non-trivial potential. The dual 4 dimensional gauge theory is not conformal and exhibits a RG flow between two different fixed points. In both zero and finite temperature we show that the holographic subregion complexity can be used as a measure of non-conformality of the model. This quantity exhibits also a monotonic behaviour in terms of the size of the entangling region, like the behaviour of the entanglement entropy in this setup. There is also a finite jump due to the disentangling transition between connected and disconnected minimal surfaces for holographic renormalized subregion complexity at zero temperature.
description: 10 pages, 11figures
Financial feasibility analysis of the fortifer business model in the cape coast metropolis in Ghana
Creators: name: Aboah, Joshua
name: Meuwissen, Miranda P.M.
name: Gebrezgabher, Solomie
name: Aboah, Joshua
name: Meuwissen, Miranda P.M.
name: Gebrezgabher, Solomie
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Financial Economics
subject: Faecal sludge
subject: Excreta pellets
subject: Waste
subject: Agriculture

description: This study seeks to analyse the financial feasibility of upscaling the fortifer business model in Ghana. DataoriginatefromthepilotprojectinAccra,extendedwithexpertelicitation. TheNPVandIRRwere used as decision criteria for Public Private Partnership (PPP) and Private Scenarios. The Spearman rank correlation coefficient was used to identify input parameters which had most impact on NPV. Economic and simulation results reveal higher probability of financial feasibility in the PPP Scenario. Outcomes are useful for policy makers to jointly steer urban waste management and farmers’ needs in the area of sustainable soil management.
Quark helicity distributions in the nucleon for up, down, and strange quarks from semi--inclusive deep--inelastic scattering
Creators: name: HERMES Collaboration
name: Airapetian, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Polarized deep--inelastic scattering data on longitudinally polarized hydrogen and deuterium targets have been used to determine double spin asymmetries of cross sections. Inclusive and semi--inclusive asymmetries for the production of positive and negative pions from hydrogen were obtained in a re--analysis of previously published data. Inclusive and semi--inclusive asymmetries for the production of negative and positive pions and kaons were measured on a polarized deuterium target. The separate helicity densities for the up and down quarks and the anti--up, anti--down, and strange sea quarks were computed from these asymmetries in a ``leading order'' QCD analysis. The polarization of the up--quark is positive and that of the down--quark is negative. All extracted sea quark polarizations are consistent with zero, and the light quark sea helicity densities are flavor symmetric within the experimental uncertainties. First and second moments of the extracted quark helicity densities in the measured range are consistent with fits of inclusive data.
ANNUAL PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS OF AN ENGINE CHP SYSTEMS AT A TEMPERATE CLIMATE HOSPITAL – REDUCING 19% CO2 EMISSION WHEN COMPARED TO A HIGH EFFICIENCY SCENARIO – EFFICIENCY, RELIABILITY, RESILIENCE, GRID STABILITY, AND DEMAND RESPONSE
Creators: name: DENILSON ESPIRITO SANTO
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 91305 Energy Generation, Conversion and Storage Engineering
subject: FOS: Mechanical engineering

description: In this Case Study, the COGMCI Software team discusses (i) the best size of an engine CHP system for a tropical climate hospital and improve the discussion about (ii) what the efficiency indicators tell us about the system performance? Which performance indicator should be used when looking to reduce the CO2 emission? The COGMCI software is used to simulate and predict the performance of eight different engine CHP case studies for a Hospital located in Campinas – SP - Brazil. An 8760 hours analysis is performed. The building energy demand is predicted through a data acquisition system. Engine CHP can be an important technology in the migration from fossil fuels to renewables. Every site with coincident electrical and thermal demands is a CHP candidate and has an annual energy savings opportunity (CHP potential). COGMCI can help you size and define the better configuration no matter what your main goal is (i) payback, (ii) grid independence, (iii) CO2 emissions reduction, or (iv) a combination of them. This study reveals that engine CHP can save close to 25% primary energy when using the harmonized reference conversion efficiency defined at the EU 2015/2402 directive and close to 19% when using the PES analysis directed obtained by an energy balance approach. These PES are calculated using a high-efficiency scenario (power production, boilers, and electrical chillers) that normally is not the reality of site existing equipment and countries average thermal efficiency.
title: PLUXIN – Roadmap to innovation
Creators: name: Devriese, Lisa
name: Moulaert, Ine
name: Janssen, Colin
name: Asselman, Jana
name: Vercauteren, Maaike
name: De Keukelaere, Liesbeth
name: Knaeps, Els
name: Toorman, Erik
name: Achutha Shettigar, N.
name: Van Damme, Stefan
name: Teunkens, Bert
name: Veys, Kristien
name: Everaert, Gert
Publisher: name: Flanders Marine Institute
Year: 2022

description: Title :
Volume :
Issue :
Pagination : 26
Mixing-Induced CP Violation in B -> P_1 P_2 gamma in Search of Clean New Physics Signals
Creators: name: Atwood, David
name: Gershon, Tim
name: Hazumi, Masashi
name: Soni, Amarjit
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that in a decay of the form B_d or B_s-> P_1 P_2 gamma (where P_1 and P_2 are pseudoscalar mesons), through a flavor changing dipole transition, time dependent oscillations can reveal the presence of physics beyond the Standard Model. If P_1 and P_2 are CP eigenstates (e.g. as in B_d -> K_S pi0 gamma), the oscillation is independent of the resonance structure. Thus data from resonances as well as from nonresonant decays can be included. This may significantly enhance the sensitivity to new physics of the method. If P_1 is a charged particle, and P_2 its anti-particle (e.g. as in B_d -> pi+ pi- gamma), one has the additional advantage that both the magnitude and the weak phase of any new physics contribution can be determined from a study of the angular distribution. These signals offer excellent ways to detect new physics because they are suppressed in the Standard Model. We also show that the potential contamination of these signals originating from the Standard Model annihilation diagram gives rise to photons with, to a very good approximation, the same helicity as the dominant penguin graph and thus causes no serious difficulty.
description: 13 pages 4 figures Version 4: We have added a para (2nd para below Eqn.39, Section VII) and a new Ref. (#20)
Dynamic economic modelling of crop rotation with adaptation practices
Creators: name: Liu, Xing
name: Lehtonen, Heikki
name: Purola, Tuomo
name: Pavlova, Yulia
name: Rötter, Reimund
name: Taru, Palosuo
name: Liu, Xing
name: Lehtonen, Heikki
name: Purola, Tuomo
name: Pavlova, Yulia
name: Rötter, Reimund
name: Taru, Palosuo
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: Dynamic optimization
subject: agriculture
subject: climate change
subject: farm management

description: We developed a dynamic farm level economic model of crop rotations including nitrogen fertilization, fungicide treatment and liming as adaption practices. Simulations were run at different price and disease scenarios over 30 years. Farmer maximizes present discounted value of futures stream of profits by choosing optimal sequence of four different crops and two types of set aside. Results indicate that crop rotation system favors, or even requires, more crops to tackle against increasing disease pressure. Crop prices play also a key role in providing incentive for farmers to utilize adaptation management.
Conceptual Steps towards Exploring the Fundamental Nature of our Sun
Creators: name: Grandpierre, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: One of the basic questions of solar research is the nature of the Sun. We show here how the plasma nature of the Sun leads to the self-generation of solar activity. The release of magnetic, rotational, gravitational, nuclear energies and that of the gravity mode oscillations deviate from uniformity and spherical symmetry. Through instabilities they lead to the emergence of sporadic and localized regions like flux tubes, electric filaments, magnetic elements and high temperature regions. A systematic approach exploring the solar collective degrees of freedom, extending to ordering phenomena of the magnetic features related to Higgs fields, is presented. Handling solar activity as transformations of energies from one form to another one presents a picture on the network of the energy levels of the Sun, showing that the Sun is neither a mere "ball of gas" nor a "quiescent steady-state fusion-reactor machine", but a complex self-organizing system. Since complex self-organizing systems are similar to living systems (and, by some opinion, identical with them), we also consider what arguments indicate the living nature of the Sun. Thermodynamic characteristics of the inequilibrium Sun are found important in this respect and numerical estimations of free energy rate densities and specific exergies are derived. KEY WORDS solar physics, degrees of freedom, self-organizing complex systems, non-equilibrium thermodynamics, astrobiology CLASSIFICATION PACS: 01.70.+w, 96.60.Rd
description: available also at http://indecs.znanost.org/
Ground state energy density, susceptibility, and Wilson ratio of a two-dimensional disordered quantum spin system
Creators: name: Peng, J. -H.
name: Tan, D. -R.
name: Jiang, F. -J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A two-dimensional (2D) spin-1/2 antiferromagnetic Heisenberg model with a specific kind of quenched disorder is investigated, using the first principles nonperturbative quantum Monte Carlo calculations (QMC). The employed disorder distribution has a tunable parameter $p$ which can be considered as a measure of the corresponding randomness. In particular, when $p=0$ the disordered system becomes the clean one. Through a large scale QMC, the dynamic critical exponents $z$, the ground state energy densities $E_0$, as well as the Wilson ratios $W$ of various $p$ are determined with high precision. Interestingly, we find that the $p$ dependence of $z$ and $W$ are likely to be complementary to each other. For instance, while the $z$ of $0.4 \le p \le 0.9$ match well among themselves and are statistically different from $z=1$ which corresponds to the clean system, the $W$ for $p < 0.7$ are in reasonable good agreement with that of $p=0$. The technical subtlety of calculating these physical quantities for a disordered system is demonstrated as well. The results presented here are not only interesting from a theoretical perspective, but also can serve as benchmarks for future related studies.
description: 8 pages, 15 figures
A methodological proposal to approach farmers’ adoption behavior: stated preferences and perceptions of the innovation
Creators: name: Roussy, Caroline
name: Ridier, Aude
name: Chaib, Karim
name: Roussy, Caroline
name: Ridier, Aude
name: Chaib, Karim
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
subject: adoption
subject: innovative cropping system
subject: stated preferences
subject: perception

description: In order to approach farmers’ adoption behavior of innovative cropping systems (ICS) on a sample of specialized cereal French farmers, a methodological protocol combining stated preferences and perceptions is designed. An original choice modelling protocol allows analyzing farmers’ preferences facing an adoption decision (dichotomous choice) but also the level of adoption (number of hectare adopted). By gathering the data on farmers’ preferences, perceptions and characteristics, this experiment allows revealing the determinants of the adoption of ICS.
Optical and GeV-TeV flashes from gamma-ray bursts
Creators: name: Beloborodov, Andrei M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The synchrotron optical flash caught in GRB 990123 overlaps with the MeV radiation front, and the optical-emitting electrons must also produce GeV-TeV emission by inverse Compton scattering of MeV photons. The ultra-high-energy flash can be much stronger than its optical counterpart. We also note that Compton cooling by MeV photons immediately terminates the optical emission unless the fireball Lorentz factor exceeds 10^3. Severe Compton losses may explain the non-detections of optical flashes in several long GRBs. Such failed optical flashes should be especially efficient GeV producers and likely to develop e+- cascades. This probably happened in GRB 941017, and its mysterious high-energy component is well explained by Compton upscattering of GRB photons at the fireball deceleration radius. The proposed mechanism of GeV emission should not work for short gamma-ray bursts that early decouple from the fireball and avoid interaction with the electrons in the deceleration flash. Observations by Swift and GLAST will provide an opportunity to test these expectations. The existing data for GRB 990123 already impose interesting constraints on the explosion.
description: accepted to ApJ Letters
Farmer perception and attitude towards orange flesh sweetpotato attributes: an analysis of common beliefs about sweetpotato production and consumption
Creators: name: Okello, Julius J.
name: Shikuku, Kelvin M.
name: Sindi, Kirimi
name: Low, Jan
name: Okello, Julius J.
name: Shikuku, Kelvin M.
name: Sindi, Kirimi
name: Low, Jan
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Institutional and Behavioral Economics
subject: Sweetpotato
subject: farmers
subject: production and consumption beliefs
subject: factor analysis
subject: Tanzania

description: This paper interrogates some of the beliefs about production and consumption of sweetpotato in general, and orange fleshed sweetpotato (OFSP) in particular, using both descriptive and exploratory factor analysis and data collected from farmers in Tanzania. It finds that contrary to beliefs, sweetpotato production and consumption is significant to growers and farmers value some key attributes such as yield, taste, storability of the roots and nutritional benefits. It therefore concludes that the negative beliefs about sweetpotato are unfounded. The paper discusses the implications of the findings.
A review of sentiment analysis research in Arabic language
Creators: name: Oueslati, Oumaima
name: Cambria, Erik
name: HajHmida, Moez Ben
name: Ounelli, Habib
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Sentiment analysis is a task of natural language processing which has recently attracted increasing attention. However, sentiment analysis research has mainly been carried out for the English language. Although Arabic is ramping up as one of the most used languages on the Internet, only a few studies have focused on Arabic sentiment analysis so far. In this paper, we carry out an in-depth qualitative study of the most important research works in this context by presenting limits and strengths of existing approaches. In particular, we survey both approaches that leverage machine translation or transfer learning to adapt English resources to Arabic and approaches that stem directly from the Arabic language.
Frequent burning maintained a stable grassland over four decades in the Drakensberg, South Africa
Creators: name: Morris, Craig D
name: Everson, Colin S
name: Everson, Terry M
name: Gordijn, Paul J
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Ecology
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Plant Biology

description: The mesic montane grasslands of the uKhahlamba-Drakensberg, which produce cured flammable fuel, have evolved under and are sustained by recurrent fires. The Brotherton burning trial (12 replicated treatments) was established at Cathedral Peak (1 890 m asl) in 1980 to understand how burn season and frequency control the composition and diversity of the montane catchment grassland. Multivariate methods were used to examine the long-term (almost 40 years). compositional stability under different burning regimes. The species composition deviated steadily and markedly from the initial state (Bray–Curtis dissimilarity) by 43.4 ± 9.32% with quinquennial burning (alternating autumn/spring) and by 64.6 ± 2.24% with attempted fire exclusion (three unplanned burns). Composition was rapidly transformed (by 53.1 ± 4.6%) by biennial summer burning (discontinued in 1991). Dominance shifted from Themeda triandra to other grasses (Stiburus alopecuroides, Tristachya leucothrix, Harpochloa falx) with biennial summer and infrequent burning. In contrast, regular dormant season burning annually or biennially (in autumn, winter, or spring) maintained a stable grassland close to the original composition (mean deviation 23.08%). Burning homogenised the composition, overriding the initial extant small-scale spatial variation. Results support the current practice to burn biennially in the dormant season to maintain stable grassland in the Drakensberg catchments.
Magnetic properties of the Larkin-Ovchinnikov-Fulde-Ferrell superconducting phase
Creators: name: Casalbuoni, R.
name: Gatto, R.
name: Mannarelli, M.
name: Nardulli, G.
name: Ruggieri, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compute, at the first order in the fine structure constant, the parameters of the electromagnetic Lagrangian for the inhomogeneous Larkin-Ovchinnikov-Fulde-Ferrell phase in Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD) and in condensed matter. In particular we compute for QCD with two flavors the dielectric and the magnetic permeability tensors, and for condensed matter superconductors the penetration depth of external magnetic fields.
description: 12 pages
Virtual water and input-output model framework: an alternative way to assess trade and water consumption in FYR Macedonia
Creators: name: Hristov, Jordan
name: Martinovska-Stojcheska, Aleksandra
name: Surry, Yves
name: Hristov, Jordan
name: Martinovska-Stojcheska, Aleksandra
name: Surry, Yves
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: virtual water content
subject: trade
subject: Macedonia

description: This study aims to analyse the water consumption of the Macedonian economic sectors and their trade strategies by means of virtual water in an input-output (IO) framework. By analysing the trade balance we determine that as consequence of high virtual water content and significant exports of some sectors, Macedonia is a net exporter of virtual water and lost around 124 million of m3 water at 2005 level or 18% of the total water consumption. Considering a policy option of export nullification for the most water-intensive products with significant net positive exports, yields a substantial water savings by 42.53% of the total water consumption.
Farmers’ participation in water allocation trading: a case study in Southern Spain
Creators: name: Giannoccaro, Giacomo
name: Castillo, Manuela
name: Berbel, Julio
name: Giannoccaro, Giacomo
name: Castillo, Manuela
name: Berbel, Julio
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Institutional and Behavioral Economics
subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: contingent valuation
subject: drought
subject: irrigation
subject: water markets

description: In this research farmers’ stated preferences towards water markets are analysed. The research aims to underline determinants of farmers’ attitudes towards allocation trading considering two water availability scenarios: average and drought year. A survey with 241 farmers in Guadalquivir and Almeria basins is used. Determinants of monetary value of water traded are analysed by means of Heckman’s two-steps model. Results indicate that participation increases when farmers belong to innovative type, have agricultural training and cultivate higher crops value. Additionally, low water supply guarantee and appropriate information on seasonal water availability increase probability of participation.
CP violation in supersymmetric seesaw models
Creators: name: Hisano, Junji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In supersymmetric (SUSY) extensions of the seesaw mechanism the neutrino Yukawa interaction induces the flavor and CP violating sfermion mass terms via the radiative correction. In this article we review the CP violating phenomena in the SUSY seesaw models.
description: Talk given at SEESAW25: International Conference On The Seesaw Mechanism And The Neutrino Mass 10-11 Jun 2004, Paris, France
Changes in pastoral mobility in a semi-arid montane region of South Africa: The role of policy and legislation
Creators: name: M Igshaan Samuels
name: Allsopp, Nicky
name: M Timm Hoffman
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Legislation and policy are key tools used by governments to change the socio-economic and political landscape of agrarian systems with consequences for mobile pastoralism. This study used the social-ecological systems framework to examine how pastoral mobility in the semi-arid, montane communal rangeland in South Africa adapted to the changing socio-political landscape. It analysed the impact of apartheid and democratic era legislation and policies over the past 70 years. Apartheid legislation promoted betterment planning and the privatisation of communal lands by awarding access to most of the grazing areas to a few wealthier pastoralists. This led to increased stocking densities and further restriction of herd mobility when the majority of herds were restricted to fewer grazing camps. Democratic era land reform policies continue to advocate for the modernisation and sedentarisation of pastoral practices. The persistence of mobility among livestock keepers despite discriminatory policy interventions suggests that this is a particularly resilient and necessary element of their practices. We argue that agricultural legislation and policies regarding livestock farming should promote landscape connectivity to allow mobile pastoralists to access variable resources. Connected landscapes should be viewed as alternative ways to modernising pastoralism and these should prevent elite capture when the land is subdivided.
Shortest paths with a cost constraint: a probabilistic analysis
Creators: name: Frieze, Alan
name: Tkocz, Tomasz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We consider a constrained version of the shortest path problem on the complete graphs whose edges have independent random lengths and costs. We establish the asymptotic value of the minimum length as a function of the cost-budget within a wide range.
Community diversity, functional traits and adaptation of Stipa tenacissima L. under different grazing regimes in a North African arid montane rangeland
Creators: name: Msadek, Jamila
name: Abderrazak Tlili
name: Moumni, Marwa
name: Louhaichi, Mounir
name: Tarhouni, Mohamed
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Plant Biology

description: The mountain rangeland chain of Matmata (southern Tunisia) is characterised by an arid Mediterranean climate with severe droughts and high temperatures, combined with substantial human disturbance. In order to withstand these harsh conditions, plants have developed adaptive strategies and functional traits to survive. This study aims to evaluate the impact of three grazing regimes (grazing exclusion, seasonal and continuous grazing) on Stipa tenacissima L. functional traits, a dominant native and multi-use plant species, and its community. The findings suggest that the diversity of plant communities and traits of S. tenacissima are strongly affected by the management regime. Diversity is higher under seasonal grazing. Traits, such as leaf water content, specific leaf area and bio-volume are higher under seasonal grazing, compared with continuous grazing and/or sites fenced off to prevent grazing. Hence, seasonal grazing is recommended to maintain diversity of the plant community and to enhance the adaptation strategies of the local species under montane dryland conditions.