cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Tomographic Constraints on Gravity from Angular Redshift Fluctuations in the Late Universe
Creators: name: Hernández-Monteagudo, Carlos
name: Chaves-Montero, Jonás
name: Angulo, Raúl E.
name: Aricò, Giovanni
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Fluctuations in sky maps of the galaxy redshifts, dubbed as angular redshift fluctuations (ARF), contain precise information about the growth rate of structures and the nature of gravity in the Universe. Specifically, ARF constrain the combination of cosmological parameters $H/H_0\,fσ_8(z)$, while being an intrinsically tomographic probe and largely insensitive to many observational systematic errors, all this without requiring the assumption of any redshift-to-distance relation under a given fiducial cosmology. We present the first cosmological constraints derived from ARF by using BOSS LOWZ+CMASS DR12 galaxy samples, obtaining 7\%-accurate constraints on $H/H_0 fσ_8(z)$ at more than 20 redshifts over the range $z \in [0.26,0.72]$. Our best-fitting value is $10\%$ larger, but compatible at the $1.4σ$ level, than the $Λ$CDM expectation set by {\it Planck} observations of the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) radiation. Our tomographic measurements, combined with these CMB data, provides one of the strongest constraints on the gravity index $γ$, $γ=0.44^{+0.09}_{-0.07}$, which lies within $2σ$ from the prediction of General Relativity ($γ_{\rm GR}\simeq 0.55$).
description: 5 pages, 3 figures, matches accepted version in MNRAS letters
USIA Poll # 1982-I82042: CorFor-Correlation of Forces-France
Creators: name: USIA
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2022

description: Opinion of USSR (1); opinion of U.S.(1); U.S. as economic power (1); USSR as an economic power (1); Japan as an economic power (1); West Germany as economic power (1); U.S. military power (1); USSR military power (1); U.S. impact on world events (1); USSR impact on political events (1); space developments (1); U.S. strengths and weaknesses (13); USSR strengths and weaknesses (13); US ability to deal with World problems (1); USSR ability to deal with world problems (1); American vs. French values (1); French vs. Russian values (1); impression of Soviet performances (14); impression of U.S. performances (14); future political systems (1); French vs. Russian interests (1); French vs. American interests (1); interests in dealing with USSR. (1); closeness of France and U.S. (1); US vs. USSR relations (13); security interests (1); Soviet leadership change (3); international affair awareness (1).
AGROTECHNOLOGY TRANSFER IN THE INFORMATION AGE
Creators: name: Beinroth, F.H.
name: Beinroth, F.H.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1990
Subjects: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
Research Methods/ Statistical Methods

description: The transfer of agrotechnology has evolved along an evolutionary path that led from trial and error to statistical analysis and analog reasoning to systems-based methods. Conventional transfer procedures are described briefly, but the paper is focused on a systems approach made possible by recent advances in the development of computerized simulation models for crops, soils, weather and pests; expert systems; data management techniques; and the integration of these components into coherent conceptual structures called decision support systems. Such systems can be used for the strategic planning of agricultural research and development at the policy level and tactical decision making at the farm level. Agrotechnology transfer occurs through the knowledge and experience built into these "thought tools," which are beginning to revolutionize agriculture. The transfer process, after having been "pedocentric" and "genocentric," will thus become "infocentric." Telecommunication networks linking computers will be the conduit for exchange and transfer of agricultural information in the future.
Constraints on Evolutionary Properties of GHz Peaked Spectrum Galaxies
Creators: name: Tinti, S.
name: De Zotti, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have used the available samples of Gigahertz Peaked Spectrum (GPS) galaxies to investigate their evolution properties in the framework of the ``youth'' scenario. Care was taken to properly allow for the different selection criteria used to define the samples. We find that the observed redshift and peak frequency distributions can be satisfactorily accounted for in terms of simple luminosity evolution of individual sources, along the lines discussed by Fanti et al. (1995) and Begelman (1996, 1999), although the derived parameter values have large uncertainties due to ambiguities in the selection of GPS sources and to the incompleteness of redshift measurements. However the simplest self-similar model, whereby the evolution is controlled only by the radial profile of the density of the ambient medium is not good enough and one additional parameter needs to be introduced. The fit requires a decrease of the emitted power and of the peak luminosity with source age or with decreasing peak frequency, at variance with the Snellen et al. (2000) model. On the other hand, our analysis confirms the rather flat slope of the luminosity function, found by Snellen et al. (2000) who also report indications of a high luminosity break, not required by the data sets we have used. Our results suggest that the GPS galaxies are the precursors of extended radio sources with luminosities below the break of the luminosity function. No cosmological evolution of the GPS galaxy population is required by presently available data.
description: 12 pages, 5 figures, accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysics. Figure 1 has been replaced
title: Economic institutions and routine practices : the case of high-technology small and medium-sized enterprises
Creators: name: Costello, Neil
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 1998

description: The dissertation provides a rich analysis of routines in four case-study companies. Explanations for the behaviour of the firms are developed and provide new building blocks for the understanding of other firms in different circumstances, emphasising empirical evidence, rule-based action and recognising the historical, social and interpretive contexts. Routines are defined as established, significant, sanctioned and recurrent practices within organizations. A number of key features of organizations figure in the analysis: the relationship between structure and agency, the firm's culture and the firm's history. Structures are identified as rules and relationships. The analysis of agency focuses on the position of the agent, the agent's skill and the desire to reduce uncertainty. Technology is an important factor in the analysis. It is (partly) constitutive of the firms, that is it has the power to enact or establish the firms. It cannot do this on its own, it is argued, but, in interacting with other factors, has major implications for the structure and routine behaviour of the firms. The cases suggest that technology has implications for human agency which go beyond the initial intentions of the agents. Technology is not determining but interacts with the other factors in a recursive way and cannot be adequately analysed outside the social system of which it is a part. The primary contribution of the research is the development of a broader concept of routine, in particular, the identification of routine practices at a strategic level and the demonstration that such practices can incorporate change. In addition, the analysis identifies the role of technology in economic change. It adds to the understanding of routines more generally and confirms that an institutional approach to the understanding of firms' behaviour is fruitful and can add to the current repertoire of approaches in Economics.
A Chandra View of The Morphological And Spectral Evolution of Supernova Remnant 1987A
Creators: name: Park, Sangwook
name: Zhekov, Svetozar A.
name: Burrows, David N.
name: Garmire, Gordon P.
name: McCray, Richard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an update on the results of our monitoring observations of the X-ray remnant of supernova (SN) 1987A with the {\it Chandra X-Ray Observatory}. As of 2002 December, we have performed a total of seven observations of SN 1987A. The high angular resolution images from the latest data reveal developments of new X-ray bright spots in the northwestern and the southwestern portions of the remnant as well as changes on the eastern side. The latest 0.5-2 keV band flux ($f_X$ $\sim$ 6 $\times$ 10$^{-13}$ ergs cm$^{-2}$ s$^{-1}$) is four times brighter than three years earlier. The overall X-ray emission is primarily from the blast wave shock with $kT$ $\sim$ 2.4 keV. As the blast wave approaches the dense circumstellar material, the contribution from the decelerated slow shock ($kT$ $\sim$ 0.22 keV) to the observed X-ray emission is becoming significant. The increase of this slow shock contribution over the last two years is particularly noticeable in the western half of the remnant. These results indicate that the shock front is now reaching the main body of the inner circumstellar ring. Based on the best-fit two-shock spectral model, we derive approximate densities of the X-ray-emitting regions ($n_e$ $\sim$ 235 cm$^{-3}$ for the fast shock and $n_e$ $\sim$ 7500 cm$^{-3}$ for the slow shock). We obtain an upper limit on the observed X-ray luminosity of any embedded point source ($L_X$ $\le$ 1.5 $\times$ 10$^{34}$ ergs s$^{-1}$) in the 2$-$10 keV band. The X-ray remnant continues to expand linearly at a rate of 4167 km s$^{-1}$.
description: 22 pages (ApJ preprint style), 7 Figures, Accepted by ApJ (scheduled on July 20, 2004), for high-quality Fig 1 and Fig 2, please contact park@astro.psu.edu
Comparison of two different ocean tide models especially with respect to the GRACE satellite mission
Creators: name: Wünsch, Johann
Publisher: name: GFZ, Helmholtz-Zentrum
Year: 2005

description: The GRACE dual satellite mission (launched in March, 2002) offers the possibility of computing monthly highly accurate mean gravity fields over an expected lifetime of five years. Unfortunately, the quality of these monthly gravity field products does not yet reach the pre-launch expectations. Possible error sources might be insufficient instrument data processing and parameterization or modeling of short-term atmospheric and oceanic mass variations. Another candidate is the ocean tide model. Especially, incomplete subtraction (de-aliasing) of short period tides may be partially aliased into the monthly gravity field solutions. Therefore, we analyzed the difference of two ocean tide models (FES2004 and CSR 4.0) which are used at the GRACE Science Data System level-2 processing centers at GFZ Potsdam and CSR (Center for Space Research, Austin), respectively, and which may serve as a measure of the ocean tide model error. We have computed: a) straightforward monthly means of tidal elevation differences and b) simulations of tidal elevation differences at footpoints of GRACE A. The results of a) represent the differences of the monthly means of both tide models with respect to an uniform sampling (grid). The results of b) include the influence of spatially uneven sampling distribution (only along the orbit) and show that for the S2 and K2 tidal constituents, aliasing causes effects which cannot be neglected with respect to the presently achievable GRACE measurement accuracy for degrees n.le.7 (S2) and n.le.8 (K2).
description: report
Stories from outside the textbook : "Counter Points" to colonial narratives in the British Columbia public education system
Creators: name: Krieg, Elizabeth Anne
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: This thesis is an exploratory study into three participants' perspectives regarding Aboriginal representation, or the lack of it, in Chapter 15, "Urbanization" of the Social Studies 11 textbook Counter Points: Exploring Canadian Issues. The participants were Libby, a recently graduated high school student from the Musqueam Band, Arleen, a Euro-Canadian Social Studies 11 teacher, and Clayton, an acquaintance of mine of Tlingit and European descent. The participants shared how they felt their cultures were being privileged or marginalized by Eurocentric content in Chapter 15 and the public education system in general. Collaborative expert interviews, storytelling, and reflexivity ensured that the participants' perspectives and knowledges were at the forefront of the research. At the heart of my thesis were the participants' stories, created with their input and feedback, and consisting of a mixture of their interviews, personal reflections, and testimonial excerpts taken from the 1912-1916 McKenna McBride Commission. The testimonies helped to demonstrate how colonial ideologies of the past continue to persevere into the present. My personal family history was also braided into the historical analysis as a part of the reflexive component to the thesis. The stories from Aboriginal learners Libby and Clayton challenge the banality of colonialism within Chapter 15 and how it could be read as an extension of the settler society's assertion to land title. Arleen and I found that our perceptions regarding Chapter 15 changed upon our reflections of Libby and Clayton's stories, causing us to question how public education disassociates the colonial actions of the past with the present. Further critical reflection had us consider what our roles are to help stop colonial ideologies from being further perpetuated. The research indicated that Eurocentric knowledge continues to be disseminated in education and how storytelling may be a tool to challenge this information and build relationships between Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal learners. Future study needs to be conducted to determine whether these methods could create safe spaces in classrooms to engage teachers and students with the types of issues that were discussed in the thesis.
Determinants of price dynamics in Ethiopia
Creators: name: Gofere, Solomon Mosisa
name: Gofere, Solomon Mosisa
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Public Economics
subject: Inflation
subject: macroeconomic policies
subject: money supply
subject: fiscal deficit
subject: real GDP
subject: Ethiopia

description: Since recent years inflation has become the most important macroeconomic problem in Ethiopia. This study examines the sources of this inflationary pressure using annual data spanning over 1971 - 2014. The study estimates a comprehensive price equation and performs some simulation analysis to uncover the sources of inflationary pressure. The result of the exercise indicates that monetary and fiscal fundamentals are important determinants of price dynamics in the short run. In the long run, output remains to be the most important variable. The result also indicates that the relationship between inflation and foreign prices is rather weak.
description: Solomon Mosisa Gofere_ Determinants of price dynamics in Ethiopia
Time Variations in the Flux Density of Sgr A* at 230 GHz Detected with ALMA
Creators: name: Iwata, Yuhei
name: Oka, Tomoharu
name: Tsuboi, Masato
name: Miyoshi, Makoto
name: Takekawa, Shunya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A radio source at the Galactic center Sgr A* is a prime supermassive black hole candidate and therefore key to developing our understanding of them. Time variations in the 230 GHz band flux of Sgr A* have been found with the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) Cycle 5 observations. Measuring the flux density of Sgr A* in 1 min snapshots at 217.5, 219.5, and 234.0 GHz, we obtained light curves for ten 70 min periods. The light curves show variations at a few tens of minutes and hourly scales. The shorter timescale is similar to the orbital period of the innermost stable circular orbit around a $4\times 10^{6}$ $M_{\odot}$ black hole, suggesting that the variation originates from the immediate vicinity of Sgr A*. We also detected no time lag between 217.5 and 234.0 GHz and a dependence of the spectral index on the flux density.
description: 8 pages, 3 figures, 1 table, accepted for publication in ApJL
Pardosa oreophila Simon 1937
Creators: name: Isaia, Marco
name: Paschetta, Mauro
name: Chiarle, Alberto
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2015
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Araneae
Lycosidae
Pardosa
Pardosa oreophila

description: Pardosa oreophila Simon, 1937
NEW DATA. — Valdieri: southern slope of Monte Bourel, Vallone della Meris, Sant’Anna di Valdieri, Alpine prairies with rocky debris, 1500-2300 m, 1.VIII-31.VIII.2011 (pitfall traps), 1♂; Vernante: Palanfrè, Pascariund, Alpine pasture, 1600 m, 30.VII-30.VIII.2010 (pitfall traps), 1♂.
CHOROTYPE. — SEU.
MACROHABITAT. — Alpine pastures, Alpine prairies.
NOTES. — New record for the study area.
description: Published as part of Isaia, Marco, Paschetta, Mauro & Chiarle, Alberto, 2015, Annotated checklist of the spiders (Arachnida, Araneae) of the Site of Community Importance and Special Area of Conservation " Alpi Marittime " (NW Italy), pp. 57-114 in Zoosystema 37 (1) on page 86, DOI: 10.5252/z2015n1a4, http://zenodo.org/record/4577680
On groups generated by two positive multi-twists: Teichmueller curves and Lehmer's number
Creators: name: Leininger, Christopher J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 57M07, 57M15, 20H10, 57M25

description: From a simple observation about a construction of Thurston, we derive several interesting facts about subgroups of the mapping class group generated by two positive multi-twists. In particular, we identify all configurations of curves for which the corresponding groups fail to be free, and show that a subset of these determine the same set of Teichmueller curves as the non-obtuse lattice triangles which were classified by Kenyon, Smillie, and Puchta. We also identify a pseudo-Anosov automorphism whose dilatation is Lehmer's number, and show that this is minimal for the groups under consideration. In addition, we describe a connection to work of McMullen on Coxeter groups and related work of Hironaka on a construction of an interesting class of fibered links.
description: Published by Geometry and Topology at http://www.maths.warwick.ac.uk/gt/GTVol8/paper36.abs.html
Pardosa paludicola
Creators: name: Isaia, Marco
name: Paschetta, Mauro
name: Chiarle, Alberto
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2015
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Araneae
Lycosidae
Pardosa
Pardosa paludicola

description: Pardosa paludicola (Clerck, 1757)
LITERATURE. — Calloni (1889).
CHOROTYPE. — PAL.
MACROHABITAT. — not specified.
description: Published as part of Isaia, Marco, Paschetta, Mauro & Chiarle, Alberto, 2015, Annotated checklist of the spiders (Arachnida, Araneae) of the Site of Community Importance and Special Area of Conservation " Alpi Marittime " (NW Italy), pp. 57-114 in Zoosystema 37 (1) on page 86, DOI: 10.5252/z2015n1a4, http://zenodo.org/record/4577680
The Evolution of the Accretion Disk around 4U 1820-30 During a Superburst
Creators: name: Ballantyne, D. R.
name: Strohmayer, T. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Accretion from a disk onto a collapsed, relativistic star -- a neutron star or black hole -- is the mechanism widely believed to be responsible for the emission from compact X-ray binaries. Because of the extreme spatial resolution required, it is not yet possible to directly observe the evolution or dynamics of the inner parts of the accretion disk where general relativistic effects are dominant. Here, we use the bright X-ray emission from a superburst on the surface of the neutron star 4U 1820-30 as a spotlight to illuminate the disk surface. The X-rays cause iron atoms in the disk to fluoresce, allowing a determination of the ionization state, covering factor and inner radius of the disk over the course of the burst. The time-resolved spectral fitting shows that the inner region of the disk is disrupted by the burst, possibly being heated into a thicker, more tenuous flow, before recovering its previous form in ~1000 s. This marks the first instance that the evolution of the inner regions of an accretion disk has been observed in real-time.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures, accepted by ApJ Letters
Cavity-induced Fulde-Ferrell-Larkin-Ovchinnikov superfluids of ultracold Fermi gases
Creators: name: Zheng, Zhen
name: Wang, Z. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Motivated by recent experimental advances in ultracold atomic gases placed in cavities, we study the influence of the atom-cavity coupling on the Fermi gases trapped in optical lattices. By adiabatic elimination of the cavity photon field, the atom-cavity coupling gives rise to effective long-range interactions. It results in a variety of two-body scattering processes, during which the atomic pairs can acquire an additional center-of-mass momentum. This reveals the possibility of Fulde-Ferrell-Larkin-Ovchinnikov (FFLO) superfluids in which the atomic pairing momentum is nonzero. By inspecting the phase diagram at the mean-field level, we confirm that the FFLO superfluid phase coexists with the zero-momentum pairing, and is the ground state that hosts the lowest energy. Furthermore, the order parameter characterizing the nonzero-momentum pairing does not vanish as long as the cavity-induced interaction is present.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures
Bericht zum Workshop zur Sanierung landwirtschaftlich vorgenutzter Hochmoorstandorte
Report on the workshop on the peat bog restoration after intensive agricultural use
Creators: name: Bartel, Anna
name: Huth, Vytas
name: Jurasinski, Gerald
name: Heinze, Stephanie
name: Ullrich, Karin
Publisher: name: FID GEO
Year: 2019

description: Die entwässerungsbasierte Nutzung von Moorstandorten führt einerseits zu einer erheblichen Emission von Treibhausgasen und andererseits zum Verlust der Ökosystemdienstleistungen und Lebensraumfunktionen eines naturnahen Moores. Zur Wiederherstellung von landwirtschaftlich vorgenutzten Hochmoorbiotopen fehlen bisher strukturierte, wissenschaftliche Erkenntnisse. Anders als ehemalige Torfabbau- oder Ödlandflächen waren intensiv genutzte landwirtschaftliche Flächen bisher nicht Ziel von großflächigen und wissenschaftlich begleiteten Wiederherrichtungsmaßnahmen. Vorrangiges Ziel des Projekts „OptiMoor – Erprobung und Entwicklung der Sanierung von landwirtschaftlich vorgenutzten Hochmooren zur Erhöhung der Biodiversität und Kohlenstoffspeicherung“ ist die Entwicklung eines Leitfadens für die Wiederherstellung von Hochmoorbiotopen nach intensiver landwirtschaftlicher Nutzung. Darin werden Maßnahmen beschrieben, die sich als erfolgsversprechend für die Umwandlung von Hochmoorgrünland zurück in ein naturnahes Hochmoorökosystem erwiesen haben. Das Projekt wird gefördert im Rahmen eines „Erprobungs- und Entwicklungsvorhabens“ des Bundesamts für Naturschutz sowie im durch das EFRE Förderprogramms „Klimaschutz durch Moorentwicklung“ des Landes Niedersachsens.
description: DFG, SUB Göttingen, DGMT
description: conference
APPLICATIONS OF DECISION SUPPORT SYSTEM FOR AGROTECHNOLOGY TRANSFER IN PRESENT DAY AGRICULTURE
Creators: name: Singh, U.
name: Tsuji, G.Y.
name: Beinroth, F.H.
name: Singh, U.
name: Tsuji, G.Y.
name: Beinroth, F.H.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1990
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
Research Methods/ Statistical Methods

description: The Decision Support System for Agrotechnology Transfer (DSSAT) is an interactive, user-friendly, microcomputer-based software package designed to assist scientists, policymakers, and resource planners in rapidly accessing a natural resource data base, evaluating predicted outcomes, and prescribing solutions to site-specific problems. It is a powerful tool for enhancing the efficiency of agricultural research and assessing new agrotechnology packages in the rapidly changing and exacting environments in which farmers have to operate. The DSSAT, developed by a team of international scientists under the auspices of the IBSNAT Project, consists of a data base management system, crop simulation models for cereals and grain legumes, and application programs. Its application on agricultural, environmental, and global issues offers valuable assistance in decisionmaking and long-term strategic planning.
Spacetime Virasoro algebra from strings on zero radius AdS_3
Creators: name: de Medeiros, Paul
name: Kumar, S. Prem
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study bosonic string theory in the light-cone gauge on AdS_3 spacetime with zero radius of curvature (in string units) R/\sqrt{α^\prime}=0. We find that the worldsheet theory admits an infinite number of conserved quantities which are naturally interpreted as spacetime charges and which form a representation of (two commuting copies of) a Virasoro algebra. Near the boundary of AdS_3 these charges are found to be isomorphic to the infinite set of asymptotic Killing vectors of AdS_3 found originally by Brown and Henneaux. In addition to the spacetime Virasoro algebra, there is a worldsheet Virasoro algebra that generates diffeomorphisms of the spatial coordinate of the string worldsheet. We find that if the worldsheet Virasoro algebra has a central extension then the spacetime Virasoro algebra acquires a central extension via a mechanism similar to that encountered in the context of the SL(2,R) WZW model.Our observations are consistent with a recently proposed duality between bosonic strings on zero radius AdS_d+1 and free field theory in d dimensions.
description: 23 pages, uses JHEP.cls. References added
title: The effect of foliar applied fertilisers on leaf diseases of cereals
Creators: name: Cook, John William
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 1998

description: The effects of foliar applied urea and potassium chloride on the severity of leaf diseases of cereals were investigated in the laboratory, glasshouse and field between 1992 and 1995. Field studies with urea gave inconsistent results with respect to severity of Erysiphe graminis and consistently increased the leaf area affected by Septaria tritici. However, potassium chloride applied as a foliar spray consistently decreased the leaf area of wheat affected by E. graminis and S. trifid compared with equivalent applications of soil applied fertiliser. Disease control was achieved at early stem extension and after flag leaf emergence but yield responses were not detected. Laboratory investigations were undertaken to determine the mechanism by which foliar applied potassium chloride reduced the leaf area affected by E. graminis. The timing of application, within seven days pre or post inoculation, had no consistent effect on the efficacy of the fertiliser. Investigations using polyethylene glycol as a control showed that the percentage leaf area affected declined linearly as the osmotic potential of the solutions were increased. Light microscopy revealed that the germination of spores in solution and on treated leaves was reduced as the osmotic potential of the solutions were increased. Spores which did germinate developed normally but those on leaves treated with solutions of high osmotic potential rarely formed haustoria. This suggested a second mechanism acting inside the leaf. Multiple regression analysis of experimental data indicated that the inhibition of spore germination was the major response reducing the area of the leaf affected. Although the data were not conclusive it appeared that the increase in leaf water potential, following the foliar application of potassium chloride, was involved in the control of E. graminis.
Bericht zur 49. Jahrestagung der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Moor- und Torfkunde e.V. vom 25. bis 28. September 2019 in Rendsburg
Creators: name: Fuhrmann, Kerstin
Publisher: name: FID GEO
Year: 2019

description: Die Jahrestagung der DGMT war mit 106 Teilnehmern sehr gut besucht. Es wurden 14 Vorträge gehalten, 21 Poster präsentiert und zwei Exkursionen angeboten. Erstmalig fand in diesem Jahr in Kooperation mit dem Bildungszentrum für nachhaltige Entwicklung (BNUR) ein Fotowettbewerb zu der Thematik „Neue Blicke ins Moor“ statt.
description: DFG, SUB Göttingen, DGMT
description: conference
Correlation Between the Deuteron Characteristics and the Low-energy Triplet np Scattering Parameters
Creators: name: Babenko, V. A.
name: Petrov, N. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The correlation relationship between the deuteron asymptotic normalization constant, $A_{S}$, and the triplet np scattering length, $a_{t}$, is investigated. It is found that 99.7% of the asymptotic constant $A_{S}$ is determined by the scattering length $a_{t}$. It is shown that the linear correlation relationship between the quantities $A_{S}^{-2}$ and $1/a_{t}$ provides a good test of correctness of various models of nucleon-nucleon interaction. It is revealed that, for the normalization constant $A_{S}$ and for the root-mean-square deuteron radius $r_{d}$, the results obtained with the experimental value recommended at present for the triplet scattering length $a_{t}$ are exaggerated with respect to their experimental counterparts. By using the latest experimental phase shifts of Arndt et al., we obtain, for the low-energy scattering parameters ($a_{t}$, $r_{t}$, $P_{t}$) and for the deuteron characteristics ($A_{S}$, $r_{d}$), results that comply well with experimental data.
description: 19 pages, 1 figure, To be published in Physics of Atomic Nuclei
A Survey of Information Cascade Analysis: Models, Predictions, and Recent Advances
Creators: name: Zhou, Fan
name: Xu, Xovee
name: Trajcevski, Goce
name: Zhang, Kunpeng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The deluge of digital information in our daily life -- from user-generated content, such as microblogs and scientific papers, to online business, such as viral marketing and advertising -- offers unprecedented opportunities to explore and exploit the trajectories and structures of the evolution of information cascades. Abundant research efforts, both academic and industrial, have aimed to reach a better understanding of the mechanisms driving the spread of information and quantifying the outcome of information diffusion. This article presents a comprehensive review and categorization of information popularity prediction methods, from feature engineering and stochastic processes, through graph representation, to deep learning-based approaches. Specifically, we first formally define different types of information cascades and summarize the perspectives of existing studies. We then present a taxonomy that categorizes existing works into the aforementioned three main groups as well as the main subclasses in each group, and we systematically review cutting-edge research work. Finally, we summarize the pros and cons of existing research efforts and outline the open challenges and opportunities in this field.
description: Author version, with 43 pages, 9 figures, and 11 tables
title: DGMT/IPS Convention und Symposium 2019 in Bremen „Economy meets Environment & Society: Future Use of Peat and Substitutes in Horticulture“ 13. - 15. Mai 2019
title: Eine gemeinsame Veranstaltung der DGMT (Deutschen Gesellschaft für Moor- und Torfkunde e.V.) und der International Peatland Society
titleType: AlternativeTitle
title: DGMT/IPS Convention and Symposium 2019 in Bremen „Economy meets Environment & Society: Future Use of Peat and Substitutes in Horticulture” on May 13th-15th 2019. A joint event of the Deutsche Gesellschaft für Moorund Torfkunde e.V. and the International Peatland Society
Creators: name: Kumar, Silke
Publisher: name: FID GEO
Year: 2019

description: Vom 13. bis 15. Mai 2019 fand als Convention und Symposium in Bremen eine gemeinsame Veranstaltung der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Moor- und Torfkunde (DGMT) e.V. und der International Peatland Society (IPS) statt. Unter der Überschrift: Future Use of Peat and Substitutes in Horticulture diskutierten über 120 Vertreter aus Wirtschaft, von NGO’s, Regierungsorganisationen und aus Forschungseinrichtungen aus 20 Ländern Fragen zur zukünftigen Torfnutzung in Erden und Substraten und mit welchen Rohstoffen der steigende Bedarf an Erden und Substraten in Zukunft gedeckt werden kann.
description: DFG, SUB Göttingen, DGMT
description: conference
Role of thermal and photo annealing on nonlinear optical response of Ge30Se55Bi15 thin films
Creators: name: Aparimita, Adyasha
name: Khan, Pritam
name: Aswin, J. R.
name: Adarsh, K. V
name: Naik, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this article, we employed nanosecond Z-scan technique to demonstrate the nonlinear optical response in Ge30Se55Bi15 thin films after thermal and photo annealing. The intensity dependent open aperture Z-scan traces reveal that for all the samples, i.e. as-prepared, thermal and photo annealed thin films exhibit reverse saturable absorption (RSA). The experimental results indicate that both thermal and photo annealing can be efficiently used to enhance the nonlinear absorption coefficient compared to as-prepared sample. We further demonstrate that beta value of thermally annealed and as-prepared samples increase significantly at higher intensities. On the contrary, beta for photo annealed sample does not exhibit appreciable changes against the intensity variation.
description: 13 pages, 4 figures, 2 tables
title: What if working from home will stick?
title: Distributional and climate impacts for Germany
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Bachelet, Marion
name: Kalkuhl, Matthias
name: Koch, Nicolas
Publisher: name: Universität Potsdam
Year: 2022

description: The COVID-19 pandemic created the largest experiment in working from home. We study how persistent telework may change energy and transport consumption and costs in Germany to assess the distributional and environmental implications when working from home will stick. Based on data from the German Microcensus and available classifications of working-from-home feasibility for different occupations, we calculate the change in energy consumption and travel to work when 15% of employees work full time from home. Our findings suggest that telework translates into an annual increase in heating energy expenditure of 110 euros per worker and a decrease in transport expenditure of 840 euros per worker. All income groups would gain from telework but high-income workers gain twice as much as low-income workers. The value of time saving is between 1.3 and 6 times greater than the savings from reduced travel costs and almost 9 times higher for high-income workers than low-income workers. The direct effects on CO₂ emissions due to reduced car commuting amount to 4.5 millions tons of CO₂, representing around 3 percent of carbon emissions in the transport sector.
description: CEPA Discussion Papers; 41
N spike D-strings in AdS Space with mixed flux
Creators: name: Biswas, Sagar
name: Pandit, Priyadarshini
name: Panigrahi, Kamal L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use Dirac-Born-Infeld action to study the spinning D-string in $AdS_3 $ background in the presence of both NS-NS and RR fluxes. We compute the scaling relation between the energy (E) and spin (S) in the `long string limit'. The energy of these spiky string is found to be a function of spin with the leading logarithmic behaviour and the scaling relation appears to be independent of the amount of flux present. We further discuss folded D-string solutions in $AdS_3$ background with pure NS-NS and R-R fluxes.
description: 27 pages, 12 figures
title: Knowledge mentoring as a framework for designing computer-based agents for supporting musical composition learning
Creators: name: Cook, John
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 1998

description: An approach to the design of teaching agents in problem-seeking domains - that is based on a systematic relationship between theoretical framework, analysis of empirical data, computational model and computational implementation - has been developed. The theoretical framework, called the Knowledge Mentoring framework (KMf), was developed to investigate how studies of dialogue and interaction can be exploited in a practical way by designers of computer-based teaching agents. A particular focus was the following musical education problem: when interacting with a computer-based music system, many students do not spontaneously reflect on their activity, they often need to be encouraged to do this. The KMf provides a taxonomy and definitions of the pedagogical goals involved in a 'mentoring' style of teaching. Mentoring is an approach to teaching that aims to support learners' creative, metacognitive and critical thinking, these being essential to musical composition and other open-ended, problem-seeking domains. This theoretical framework was used to guide the analysis and modelling of data produced by an empirical study of human teacher-learner interactions. Information on the temporal ordering of teacher-learner interactions was revealed (modelled as. state transition networks and a mentoring script). Findings from the analysis also included a pause taxonomy (that provided evidence of a link between pause length and learner ability) and the occurrence of reciprocal modelling (where participants in learning interactions built up models of the other participants' expectations). The theoretical framework and the analysis findings were then used to develop a computational model for teaching agents in problem-seeking domains. Aspects of our theory, analysis findings and computational model were incorporated into a computational implementation: a pre-prototype teaching agent called MetaMuse. A Cooperative Evaluation of MetaMuse with teacher-composers showed that it had the potential to promote creative reflection in learners.
EXPATRIATE FOOD TECHNOLOGY AND VALUE-ADDED CARIBBEAN AGRICULTURAL PRODUCE
Creators: name: Walter, R.H.
name: Walter, R.H.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1990
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
International Development

description: Contemporary international aid in primary agriculture to the Caribbean region is at the stage when a concomitant program of advanced food processing know-how is the obvious next agenda item. Processes for fruits and vegetables are universal, but expatriate delivery systems must be tailored to the Caribbean context in which the singular advantage over temperate-climate manufacturing is an over-abundance of heat. Thus, dehydration methodologies that harness this otherwise expensive and invaluable resource should be paramount over canning and refrigeration. In adapting the appropriate methodologies, aid institutions that are less inclined to tell "what's good for you", but are more inclined to ask, "how may we help you", should be the new partners. Where agricultural production is an important component of economic development strategies, there is no hope of success by imitating temperature-climate mechanisms. Uniquely tropical products and processes should be the new Caribbean dimension in international commerce. Cornell University's most recent initiative in international development, of the order of US$7.5 million, combines all these principles in technical assistance.
Discretisation effects in the topological susceptibility in lattice QCD
Creators: name: UKQCD
name: Collaborations, QCDSF
name: :
name: Hart, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the topological susceptibility, chi, in QCD with two quark flavours using lattice field configurations that have been produced with an O(a)-improved clover quark action. We find clear evidence for the expected suppression at small quark mass, m_q, and examine the variation of $χ$ with this mass and the lattice spacing, a. A joint continuum and chiral extrapolation yields good agreement with theoretical expectations as (a, m_q) -> 0. A moderate increase in autocorrelation is observed on the more chiral ensembles, but within large statistical errors. Finite volume effects are negligible for Leutwyler-Smilga parameter x_LS > 10, and no evidence for a nearby phase transition is observed.
description: 7 pages of revtex, 4 figures
Lepidopteren- und Trichopterenbiozönosen in einem Moorkomplex bei Karhujärvi (Nordostfinnland)
Biocoenoses of Lepidoptera und Trichoptera in a bog-complex near Karhujärvi (Northeast of Finland)
Creators: name: Thiele, Volker
name: Berlin, Angela
Publisher: name: FID GEO
Year: 2007

description: Zwischen 2004 und 2006 wurde die Struktur der Lepidopteren- und Trichopterenvergesellschaftungen in einem Moorkomplex bei Karhujärvi (Nordostfinnland) untersucht. Angrenzend an den Komplex existie- ren ausgedehnte Ökotonbereiche zum borealen Nadelwald, zu einem großen See und zum Grünland, denen in den Untersuchungen besondere Aufmerksamkeit geschenkt wurde. Es konnten 26 tagfliegende Schmetterlings- und 9 Trichopterenarten nachgewiesen werden. Besonders diverse Schmetterlingsver- gesellschaftungen traten in den Ökotonbereichen zwischen Moor und Wald sowie Moor und Wiese mit 10 bzw. 12 Taxa auf. Das Gros der Trichopterenlarven konnte in den Uferbereichen des angrenzenden Sees nachgewiesen werden, nur 2 Arten (Phryganea bipunctata und Agrypnia obsoleta) fanden im Moor hinreichende Vermehrungsbedingungen.
description: DFG, SUB Göttingen
description: research
Inverse Mechano-Electrical Reconstruction of Cardiac Excitation Wave Patterns from Mechanical Deformation using Deep Learning
Creators: name: Christoph, Jan
name: Lebert, Jan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The inverse mechano-electrical problem in cardiac electrophysiology is the attempt to reconstruct electrical excitation or action potential wave patterns from the heart's mechanical deformation that occurs in response to electrical excitation. Because heart muscle cells contract upon electrical excitation due to the excitation-contraction coupling mechanism, the resulting deformation of the heart should reflect macroscopic action potential wave phenomena. However, whether the relationship between macroscopic electrical and mechanical phenomena is well-defined and furthermore unique enough to be utilized for an inverse imaging technique, in which mechanical activation mapping is used as a surrogate for electrical mapping, has yet to be determined. Here, we provide a numerical proof-of-principle that deep learning can be used to solve the inverse mechano-electrical problem in phenomenological two- and three-dimensional computer simulations of the contracting heart wall, or in elastic excitable media, with muscle fiber anisotropy. We trained a convolutional autoencoder neural network to learn the complex relationship between electrical excitation, active stress, and tissue deformation during both focal or reentrant chaotic wave activity, and consequently used the network to succesfully estimate or reconstruct electrical excitation wave patterns from mechanical deformation in sheets and bulk-shaped tissues, even in the presence of noise and at low spatial resolutions. We demonstrate that even complicated three-dimensional electrical excitation wave phenomena, such as scroll waves and their vortex filaments, can be computed with very high reconstruction accuracies of about 95% from mechanical deformation using autoencoder neural networks, and we provide a comparison with results that were obtained previously with a physics- or knowledge-based approach.
description: original revision from November 2020
title: Implementing NVQs in small and medium enterprises : the experiences of candidates, assessors and managers in small residential care homes in the independent sector
Creators: name: Dunlop, Marion
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 1998

description: The research study examines the implementation of National Vocational Qualifications (NVQs) within small and medium enterprises. NVQs have been in existence for ten years yet they continue to receive criticism from academic circles and implementation by employers has been slow. The small residential care sector was selected because it has many characteristics in common with small businesses in general: the sector has grown because of recent care legislation; it is dependent on larger local authorities for client referrals; it employs mainly women on a part-time basis; and it lacks a traditional training pathway for unqualified staff. Using a qualitative, case study approach, seven workplaces were visited over the period of a year. Candidates, assessors and managers were interviewed regularly to assess their feelings and progress and to determine the factors which affected their experiences of NVQ implementation. Four main areas were explored using a theme analysis framework - progress, progression, standardisation and financial issues. The findings indicated that implementation in small workplaces was problematic for all involved. Unless a training culture was already in existence, insufficient resources were provided to support and facilitate progress both physically and emotionally. Consequently, assessors and candidates involved with NVQs were quite negative about their experiences which reduced the value placed on the qualification by the participants and their managers. Despite being a 'national' qualification, the growing deregulation in both care and training has resulted in market place competition which has had consequences for the standardisation and costs of training programmes. The voluntaristic nature of employer investment in training, and the lack of care legislation to make training an obligatory aspect of home registration, has resulted in a low uptake of NVQs in small businesses because of the costs involved in assessment time.
Effectiveness of foreign aid on the growth of the Agricultural sector in Nigeria
Creators: name: Ighodaro, Clement Atewe
name: Nwaogwugwu, Isaac Chii
name: Ighodaro, Clement Atewe
name: Nwaogwugwu, Isaac Chii
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Foreign aid
subject: Agricultural sector - growth
subject: Nigeria

description: This paper examined the effectiveness of foreign aid to the growth of the agricultural sector in Nigeria using the ARDL and the ECM approach and quarterly data covering the period 1981 to 2009. While all the variables used were found to be I(I), four cointegration relationships exist between the dependent and the independent variables. Contrary to expectation, the parameter estimate of foreign aid has a negative and insignificant relationship with agricultural output in the short and long run. On the contrary, savings and technological trend are significant and have positive relationship with agricultural output both in the short run and long run. A major policy implication of the result is that improved technology is imperative to the increase in agricultural output in both the short run and the long run rather than encourage foreign aid for agricultural growth in Nigeria.