cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The effect of telescope aperture, scattered light, and human vision on early measurements of sunspot and group numbers
Creators: name: Karachik, Nina V.
name: Pevtsov, Alexei A.
name: Nagovitsyn, Yury A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Early telescopic observations of sunspots were conducted with instruments of relatively small aperture. These instruments also suffered from a higher level of scattered light, and the human eye served as a "detector". The eye's ability to resolve small details depends on image contrast, and on average the intensity variations smaller than $\approx$ 3\% contrast relative to background are not detected even if they are resolved by the telescope. Here we study the effect of these three parameters (telescope aperture, scattered light, and detection threshold of human vision) on sunspot number, group number, and area of sunspots. As an "ideal" dataset, we employ white-light (pseudo-continuum) observations from Helioseismic and Magnetic Imager (HMI) onboard of Solar Dynamics Observatory, and we model the appearance of sunspots by degrading the HMI images to corresponding telescope apertures with an added scattered light. We discuss the effects of different parameters on sunspot counts and derive functional dependencies, which could be used to normalize historical observations of sunspot counts to common denominator.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS, 7 pages, 6 figures, 2 tables
Shared autonomous vehicle system designs for major metro areas : an examination of geofencing, ride-sharing, stop-location, and drivetrain decisions
Creators: name: Gurumurthy, Krishna Murthy
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 2020
Subjects: Large-scale modeling
Agent-based simulation
Shared autonomous vehicles
Geofence
Stop aggregation
Charging strategies
Dynamic ride-sharing
Chicago

description: With autonomous vehicles (AVs) in the testing phase, researchers and planners must resort to simulation techniques to explore possible futures regarding shared and automated mobility. An agent-based discrete-event transport simulator, POLARIS, is used throughout this dissertation to simulate passenger and freight travel in regions with a shared AV (SAV) mobility option. Using this framework, three broad areas of SAV design are explored – geographical restrictions via geofences, operational modifications via pickup-dropoff (PUDO) stops, and the use of all-electric drivetrains – using the case studies of Bloomington and Chicago in Illinois. Constraining SAVs within pre-defined geofences indicate that empty vehicle-miles-traveled (eVMT) can be curtailed when service areas in Chicago have a balanced mix of trip generators and attractors. Geofences also help lower spatial response times, system-wide VMT across all modes, and ensure uniform access to SAVs. Dynamic ride-sharing (DRS) is useful in lowering VMT and percent eVMT that arises from sprawling when demand is low, whereas savings from DRS is highest when all demand within smaller regions are served by SAVs. Various PUDO spacings and trip-demand densities with fixed mode shares in Bloomington reveal that greater PUDO spacing or distances between stops and higher levels of SAV use or trip demand increases AVO by up to 11% per 4-seater SAV, on average. Aggregation also decreases SAV VMT (by up to 20%) compared to door-to-door SAV fleet operations without DRS or PUDOs. Higher SAV mode shares in a forecasted scenario for Chicago outline total VMT savings of about 2 to 3%, even though SAV VMT increases from serving more trips. A quarter-mile PUDO spacing is recommended in downtown regions to keep walking trips short, but further analysis on congestion spillback is warranted. A variety of electric SAV (SAEV) fleet designs and charging strategies show that a mixed fleet of short (100-mi) and long (250-mi) range SAEVs performs better than a homogenous short-range fleet, with lower empty vehicle miles traveled (eVMT) and lower idling time. Charging and service priority policies are both required, but at different times of the day to accommodate slow Level 2 chargers, but is not as important for DCFC charging stations. SAEVs can stay in place longer (1 hr versus 15 min) to keep eVMT low, but only if long-range SAEVs are in the fleet and the region is small. SAEVs in large regions like Chicago are exposed to location-specific trip requests when idling in place, and need to have high average state of charge (SoC) across the fleet to serve all incoming requests. Smart siting of EVCS and availability of fast chargers remain key to minimizing fleet size and keeping response times low.
Neofacydes nigroguttatus
Creators: name: Riedel, Matthias
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Ichneumonidae
Neofacydes
Neofacydes nigroguttatus

description: Neofacydes nigroguttatus (UCHIDA, 1935)comb.rev.
M a t e r i a l: Laos, Hua Phan Prov., Ban Saleui, Phon-Pan-Mt., 20°13´30´´N 103°59´26´´E, 1350- 1900 m, multiple ♀♀ and 33 IV-V.2010-2014, leg. C. Holzschuh & natives.
 R e m a r k: This species has been transferred to Facydes (see YU et al. 2012), but the genal carinae reach the hypostomal ones far from the mandibular bases and the tergites are ± constricted basally. Using the recent key of SIME & WAHL (2002), the available material has to be re-placed in the genus Neofacydes in my opinion.
D i s t r i b u t i o n: Known from China and Japan, new for Laos.
description: Published as part of Riedel, Matthias, 2017, Contribution to the Ichneumoninae (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae) of Southeastern Asia: 3. Heresiarchini, pp. 895-917 in Linzer biologische Beiträge 49 (1) on page 911, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5356945
The Causes of Economic Inefficiencies in New York Dairy Farms
Creators: name: Thomas, Arthur C.
name: Tauer, Loren W.
name: Thomas, Arthur C.
name: Tauer, Loren W.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1991
Subjects: Livestock Production/Industries

description: Technical and overall cost efficiencies are measured for 125 New York dairy farms. Explanatory models of efficiencies are estimated to determine how farms can increase their efficiencies. Changes in efficiencies are explained by changes in both assets and prices. Efficiency levels are explained by farm and operator characteristics.
Additional file 1: of Quantification of lung water in heart failure using cardiovascular magnetic resonanceÂ imaging
Creators: name: Thompson, Richard
name: Chow, Kelvin
name: Pagano, Joseph
name: Sekowski, Viktor
name: Michelakis, Evangelos D.
name: Tymchak, Wayne
name: Haykowsky, Mark
name: Ezekowitz, Justin
name: Oudit, Gavin
name: Dyck, Jason
name: Kaul, Padma
name: Savu, Anamaria
name: D. Paterson
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer

description: Table S1. Clinical Characteristics and Outcomes for Patients with Symptomatic Heart Failure from the Prospective Cohort, Stratified by Lung Water Density. (DOCX 17 kb)
Voltage-induced high-speed DW motion in a synthetic antiferromagnet
Creators: name: Chen, Lulu
name: Shen, Maokang
name: Peng, Yingying
name: Liu, Xinyu
name: Luo, Wei
name: Yang, Xiaofei
name: Zhang, Yue
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Voltage-induced motion of a magnetic domain wall (DW) has potential in developing novel devices with ultralow dissipation. However, the speed for the voltage-induced DW motion (VIDWM) in a single ferromagnetic layer is usually very low. In this work, we proposed VIDWM with high speed in a synthetic antiferromaget (SAF). The velocity for the coupled DWs in the SAF is significantly higher than its counterpart in a single ferromagnetic layer. Strong interlayer antiferromagnetic exchange coupling plays a critical role for the high DW velocity since it inhibits the tilting of DW plane with strong Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction. On the other hand, the Walker breakdown of DW motion is also inhibited due to the stabilization of moment orientation under a strong interlayer antiferromagnetic coupling. In theory, the voltage-induced gradient of magnetic anisotropy is proved to be equal to an effective magnetic field that drives DW.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures
Chiral Asymmetry in Human Cognition_ A CODES Framework for Left-Handedness as a Fractal Emergent Phenomenon
Creators: name: Bostick, Devin
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: Psychology
subject: Cognitive psychology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Sociology
subject: Biology
subject: Culture

description: Contextual Explainers:

• Quantum Resonance Dynamics (QRD): Link

• Resonance Field Theory (RFT): Link

• Chirality of Dynamic Emergent Systems (CODES): A Unified Framework for Structured Resonance Across Physics, Biology, and Intelligence (Empirical Studies): Link

 

Abstract

Left-handedness in human populations follows non-random fractal distributions, aligning with the Chirality of Dynamic Emergent Systems (CODES) framework. Traditional models treat handedness as either a genetic trait or a developmental variation, but this paper proposes that left-handedness operates as a structured resonance phenomenon embedded within population dynamics, intelligence distribution, and cultural evolution. By analyzing left-handedness through the lens of chirality, prime number distributions, and self-organizing criticality, we present a new model where left-handedness emerges not as a statistical outlier but as an adaptive necessity in human evolution. This perspective offers falsifiable predictions for the asymmetric distribution of intelligence, creative output, and problem-solving strategies across societies. Our findings suggest that left-handed individuals are not merely deviations from a norm but integral operators in complex adaptive systems, reinforcing the fundamental role of asymmetry in cognition, culture, and scientific advancement.
Data Availability for Carbon Calculators in Measuring GHG Emissions Produced by the Food Sector
Creators: name: Amani, Pegah
name: Schiefer, Gerhard
name: Amani, Pegah
name: Schiefer, Gerhard
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: Productivity Analysis
subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: GHG emission
subject: Carbon calculator
subject: LCA databases
subject: Food chain

description: The continuing increase in burning fossil fuels over recent decades along with the changing land use have resulted in a considerable increase in the amount of greenhouse gases (GHGs) which can potentially lead to climate change. Adaptation processes will become necessary in order to cope with these challenges in the future. Despite individuals’ and institutions’ willingness to reduce the amount of GHG emissions caused by their actions or their “carbon footprints”, they may lack the knowledge to make effective choices. Carbon calculators have been developed to address these knowledge gaps by measuring and communicating the overall magnitude of the impacts and also the extent to which different behavior patterns contribute to GHG emissions. LCA databases, as providers of inventory data for carbon calculators, have an important role in helping to develop more complete and accurate tools to measure and report produced GHG emissions. For emissions-intensive behavior patterns, the food life cycle is a significant contributor to emissions resulting from activities including agriculture, processing, transport, storage, retail, consumption, and waste handling. This research seeks to classify and characterize these calculators and the agricultural activities or practices they cover, to provide the reader with an idea on the differences between these calculators, and why some of them could be more applicable to the food sector. The intent is to bring clarity to the discussion which could be a step forward in paving the way for the development of more reliable and comprehensive carbon calculators for measuring the GHG emissions of the food sector
Protichneumon moiwanus
Creators: name: Riedel, Matthias
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Ichneumonidae
Protichneumon
Protichneumon moiwanus

description: Protichneumon moiwanus (MATSUMURANA, 1912)
M a t e r i a l: Laos, Hua Phan Prov., Ban Saleui, Phon-Pan-Mt., 20°13´30´´N 103°59´26´´E, 1350- 1900 m, 13 17.IV.2012, 13 18.IV:2012, leg. C. Holzschuh & natives.
 R e m a r k: Large specimens, body length 27-28 mm. Color black; postpetiolus apically and 2 nd and 3 rd tergites reddish-yellow, the latter black apically. Yellow are stripes on flagellomeres 9-20, palps, mandibles except teeth, clypeus, face, frontal orbits confluent with triangular spots on vertex, outer orbits ventrally, scapes ventrally, collare, ventral spots on propleura, upper margins of pronotum, subtegular ridges, scutellum, large spots on mesopleura. Fore and middle coxae and all trochanters yellow, hind coxae with yellow spots ventrally and dorsally. Legs otherwise completely reddish-yellow. Wings slightly infuscate, pterostigmas black.
D i s t r i b u t i o n: Known from China and Japan, new for Laos.
description: Published as part of Riedel, Matthias, 2017, Contribution to the Ichneumoninae (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae) of Southeastern Asia: 3. Heresiarchini, pp. 895-917 in Linzer biologische Beiträge 49 (1) on pages 911-912, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5356945
Supplementary Materials from Genomic signatures of spatially divergent selection at clownfish range margins
Creators: name: Clark, René D.
name: Aardema, Matthew L.
name: Andolfatto, Peter
name: Barber, Paul H.
name: Hattori, Akihisa
name: Hoey, Jennifer A.
name: Montes, Humberto R.
name: Pinsky, Malin L.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 60408 Genomics

description: Supplemental tables and figures with sequencing statistics and supplemental data/figures for outlier analyses, population structure analyses, and structural and functional annotations.
Amenity Value of Urban Forest Landscapes Attributed to Houses within a 10-Minute Driving Distance
Creators: name: Kim, Seung Gyu
name: Cho, Seong-Hoon
name: Roberts, Roland K.
name: Claassen, Roger
name: Kim, Seung Gyu
name: Cho, Seong-Hoon
name: Roberts, Roland K.
name: Claassen, Roger
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: urban forest landscapes
subject: spatial hedonic model
subject: travel distance

description: The main objective of this research is to propose a data-driven approach to estimate the amenity values of restoring urban forest landscapes at potential target sites. The approach allows establishing the overall price-driving time relationship between the amenity values attributable to both deforested and forested areas and their proximities to housing locations within a given community. Establishing the overall price-driving time relationship is important because the hedonic price model cannot be used to estimate the amenity values of yet to be restored urban forest landscapes that do not exist at the time of housing sales transactions. We estimated the sum of the differences between amenity values of deforested and forested areas on housing prices across different proximities to a potential restoration site. It can be viewed as a proxy for the value added to nearby houses resulting from a given urban forest restoration project at a potential target site.
Supplementary Methods from Genomic signatures of spatially divergent selection at clownfish range margins
Creators: name: Clark, René D.
name: Aardema, Matthew L.
name: Andolfatto, Peter
name: Barber, Paul H.
name: Hattori, Akihisa
name: Hoey, Jennifer A.
name: Montes, Humberto R.
name: Pinsky, Malin L.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 60408 Genomics

description: Supplemental details on methods (particularly transcriptome assembly/assessment, outlier detection, and demographic modeling).
Additional file 1: of Virtual training leads to real acute physical, cognitive, and neural benefits on healthy adults: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Creators: name: Burin, Dalila
name: Noriki Yamaya
name: Ogitsu, Rie
name: Ryuta Kawashima
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: SPIRIT checklist. A table specifying where any SPIRIT item has been addressed in the protocol manuscript. (DOC 123 kb)
Progress in the determination of the $J/ψ-π$ cross section
Creators: name: Duraes, Francisco O.
name: Kim, Hungchong
name: Lee, Su Houng
name: Navarra, Fernando S.
name: Nielsen, Marina
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Improving previous calculations, we compute the $J/ψπ\to {charmed mesons}$ cross section using QCD sum rules. Our sum rules for the $J/ψπ\to \bar{D} D^*$, $D \bar{D}^*$, ${\bar D}^* D^*$ and ${\bar D} D$ hadronic matrix elements are constructed by using vaccum-pion correlation functions, and we work up to twist-4 in the soft-pion limit. Our results suggest that, using meson exchange models is perfectly acceptable, provided that they include form factors and that they respect chiral symmetry. After doing a thermal average we get $\sim 0.3$ mb at $T=150\MeV$.
description: 22 pages, RevTeX4 including 7 figures in ps files
Disrupting Demand for Commercial Seed: Input Subsidies in Malawi and Zambia
Creators: name: Mason, Nicole M.
name: Ricker-Gilbert, Jacob
name: Mason, Nicole M.
name: Ricker-Gilbert, Jacob
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: Malawi
subject: Zambia
subject: seed
subject: input subsidies

description: Input subsidy programs that provide inorganic fertilizer and improved maize seed to small farmers below market rates are currently receiving a great deal of support as a sustainable strategy to foster an African Green Revolution. In recent years numerous countries in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) including Ghana, Kenya, Malawi, Mali, Senegal, Tanzania, and Zambia have implemented such programs at substantial cost to government and donor budgets. For example, in 2008 Malawi spent roughly 70% of the Ministry of Agriculture’s budget or just over 16% of the government’s total budget subsidizing fertilizer and seed. In Zambia between 2004 and 2011, an average of 40% of the government’s agricultural sector budget was devoted to fertilizer and maize seed subsidies each year.
Pseudocillimops mesonotator Riedel 2017, nov.sp.
Creators: name: Riedel, Matthias
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Ichneumonidae
Pseudocillimops
Pseudocillimops mesonotator

description: Pseudocillimops mesonotator nov.sp.
Holotypus: ♀ Laos, Hua Phan Prov., Umg. Ort Ban Saleui, Phon-Pan-Mt., 20°13´30´´N 103°59´26´´E, 1350-1900 m, 28.06.2013 KJa, leg. C. Holzschuh & natives (Linz).
 D e s c r i p t i o n of ♀: Body length 15 mm. Flagella with more than 30 segments (tips broken off), slightly lanceolate. 1 st flagellomeres length 3.7x width, widest flagellomeres about 1.8x wider than long. Temples slightly widened behind eyes and moderately narrowed apically. Lower mandibular teeth small and moderately bent inwards. Notauli impressed on frontal third of mesoscutum. Scutellum as long as wide, moderately convex, with lateral carinae in basal 0.7. Propodeum as described for the genus (HEINRICH, 1969: 121-122). Area superomedia c.2x as long as wide, costulae in the middle. Hind coxae with distinct pale-haired scopa. Hind femora length 4.3x height. Areolets pentagonal, frontal distances of intercubiti 2x their width, nervuli slightly postfurcal.
 Metasoma oxypygous. Postpetiole moderately widened, its lateral fields punctate, median field with fine and superficial aciculation. 2 nd tergite length 1.2x width. Thyridia oblique, c.1.3x wider than their interval. Interval about as wide as the median field of postpetiole. Tergites punctate, tergites 2-4 with very coarse and regular aciculation centrally, fifth tergite aciculate in the basal half. Ovipositor sheaths extending behind metasomal apex by the length of the seventh tergite.
Color: black. Ivory are stripes on flagellomeres 7-14, palps, clypeus, face, genae, wide orbits completely, spots on scapes, apical spots on propleura, anterior and upper margins of pronotum, two short longitudinal stripes on mesoscutum, subtegular ridges, tegulae, wide stripes on ventral mesopleura almost confluent ventrally at epicnemium, small ventro-caudal spots on mesosterna, scutellum (except basal black spot), postscutellum, carinal triangles, apico-ventral spots on metapleura, spots on areae dentiparae, hind margin of postpetiole. Tergites and sternites 2-4 red. Legs black. Ivory are fore and middle coxae and trochanters, frontal stripes on fore and middle femora, tibiae and metatarsi, antero-dorsal and apical spots on hind coxae, wide subbasal rings on hind tibiae basal three hind tarsomeres except narrow black apices. Pterostigmas black.
3 unknown.
D i s t r i b u t i o n: Laos.
description: Published as part of Riedel, Matthias, 2017, Contribution to the Ichneumoninae (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae) of Southeastern Asia: 3. Heresiarchini, pp. 895-917 in Linzer biologische Beiträge 49 (1) on page 912, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5356945
The diameter of lattice zonotopes
Creators: name: Deza, Antoine
name: Pournin, Lionel
name: Sukegawa, Noriyoshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Metric Geometry (math.MG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We establish sharp asymptotic estimates for the diameter of primitive zonotopes when their dimension is fixed. We also prove that, for infinitely many integers $k$, the largest possible diameter of a lattice zonotope contained in the hypercube $[0,k]^d$ is uniquely achieved by a primitive zonotope. As a consequence, we obtain that this largest diameter grows like $k^{d/(d+1)}$ up to an explicit multiplicative constant, when $d$ is fixed and $k$ goes to infinity, providing a new lower bound on the largest possible diameter of a lattice polytope contained in $[0,k]^d$.
description: 12 pages
Chaos suppression in the large size limit for long-range systems
Creators: name: Firpo, M. -C.
name: Ruffo, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the class of long-range Hamiltonian systems first introduced by Anteneodo and Tsallis and called the alpha-XY model. This involves N classical rotators on a d-dimensional periodic lattice interacting all to all with an attractive coupling whose strength decays as r^{-alpha}, r being the distances between sites. Using a recent geometrical approach, we estimate for any d-dimensional lattice the scaling of the largest Lyapunov exponent (LLE) with N as a function of alpha in the large energy regime where rotators behave almost freely. We find that the LLE vanishes as N^{-kappa}, with kappa=1/3 for alpha/d between 0 and 1/2 and kappa=2/3(1-alpha/d) for alpha/d between 1/2 and 1. These analytical results present a nice agreement with numerical results obtained by Campa et al., including deviations at small N.
description: 10 pages, 3 eps figures
Additional file 2: of Virtual training leads to real acute physical, cognitive, and neural benefits on healthy adults: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Creators: name: Burin, Dalila
name: Noriki Yamaya
name: Ogitsu, Rie
name: Ryuta Kawashima
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Science Policy

description: CONSORT checklist. A table specifying where any CONSORT item has been addressed in the protocol manuscript. (DOC 217 kb)
Additional file 9: of Prognostic accuracy of the serum lactate level, the SOFA score and the qSOFA score for mortality among adults with Sepsis
Creators: name: Liu, Zhiqiang
name: Meng, Zibo
name: Li, Yongfeng
name: Zhao, Jingyuan
name: Wu, Shihong
name: Gou, Shanmiao
name: Wu, Heshui
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Table S2. Comparison of AUROC for qSOFA, SOFA and lactate in different ICU types (DOCX 14 kb)
Demand for Maize Hybrids, Seed Subsidies, and Seed Decisionmakers in Zambia.
Creators: name: Smale, Melinda
name: Mason, Nicole M.
name: Smale, Melinda
name: Mason, Nicole M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: Zambia
subject: Maize
subject: seed subsidies

description: The successful development and diffusion of improved maize seed in Zambia during the 1970s–80s was a major achievement of African agriculture but was predicated on a government commitment to parastatal grain and seed marketing, the provision of services to maize growers, and a pan-territorial pricing scheme that was fiscally unsustainable. Declining maize output when this system was dismantled contributed to the reinstatement in 2002 of subsidies for maize seed and fertilizer through the Fertilizer and Farmer Input Support Programs (FISP). In the meantime, seed liberalization has led to an array of new, improved maize varieties, most of which are hybrids. This analysis explores the determinants of demand for first-generation (F1) hybrid maize seed in Zambia based on a survey of maize growers during the 2010/11 cropping season.
Supply Response of Export Crops in Zambia: The Case of Coffee
Creators: name: Mofya-Mukuka, Rhoda
name: Abdulai, Awudu
name: Mofya-Mukuka, Rhoda
name: Abdulai, Awudu
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: Zambia
subject: coffee
subject: export

description: 1) Export diversification has long been at the centre of Zambia’s economic diversification policies. This article focuses on the coffee sector as a potentially important source of export diversification and examines its supply response to changes in various incentives. 2) Zambian coffee exhibits asymmetric short-run supply adjustments to long-run equilibrium such that production rises significantly after prices rise while changing little after prices fall. 3) The fact that coffee in Zambia is mainly grown for export, the changes in real exchange have the most significant effect on supply in that a depreciation in the Zambian Kwacha leads to an increase in coffee supply.
Hydrodynamical interaction of stellar and planetary winds: effects of charge exchange and radiation pressure on the observed Ly$α$ absorption
Creators: name: Esquivel, A.
name: Schneiter, M.
name: D'Angelo, C. Villarreal
name: Sgró, M. A.
name: Krapp, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Lyman $α$ observations of the transiting exoplanet HD 209458b enable the study of exoplanets exospheres exposed to stellar EUV fluxes, as well as the interacting stellar wind properties. In this study we present 3D hydrodynamical models for the stellar-planetary wind interaction including radiation pressure and charge exchange, together with photoionization, recombination and collisional ionization processes. Our models explore the contribution of the radiation pressure and charge exchange on the Ly$α$ absorption profile in a hydrodynamical framework, and for a single set of stellar wind parameters appropriate for HD 209458. We find that most of the absorption is produced by the material from the planet, with a secondary contribution of neutralized stellar ions by charge exchange. At the same time, the hydrodynamic shock heats up the planetary material, resulting in a broad thermal profile. Meanwhile, the radiation pressure yielded a small velocity shift of the absorbing material. While neither charge exchange nor radiation pressure provide enough neutrals at the velocity needed to explain the observations at $-100~\mathrm{km~s^{-1}}$ individually, we find that the two effects combined with the broad thermal profile are able to explain the observations.
description: 12 pages, 6 Figures. Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Open-Source Technology for Real-Time Continuous Glucose Monitoring in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit: Case Study in a Neonate With Transient Congenital Hyperinsulinism
Creators: name: Braune, Katarina
name: Wäldchen, Mandy
name: Raile, Klemens
name: Hahn, Sigrid
name: Ubben, Tebbe
name: Römer, Susanne
name: Hoeber, Daniela
name: Reibel, Nora Johanna
name: Launspach, Michael
name: Blankenstein, Oliver
name: Bührer, Christoph
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: open-source
subject: mobile health
subject: continuous glucose monitoring
subject: off-label use
subject: neonatal hypoglycemia
subject: congenital hyperinsulinism
subject: transient hyperinsulinism
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Background: Use of real-time continuous glucose monitoring (rtCGM) systems has been shown to be a low-pain, safe, and effective method of preventing hypoglycemia and hyperglycemia in people with diabetes of various age groups. Evidence on rtCGM use in infants and in patients with conditions other than diabetes remains limited. Objective: This case study describes the off-label use of rtCGM and the use of an open-source app for glucose monitoring in a newborn with prolonged hypoglycemia secondary to transient congenital hyperinsulinism during the perinatal period. Methods: The Dexcom G6 rtCGM system (Dexcom, Inc) was introduced at 39 hours of age. Capillary blood glucose checks were performed regularly. In order to benefit from customizable alert settings and detect hypoglycemic episodes, the open-source rtCGM app xDrip+ was introduced at 9 days of age. Results: Time in range (45-180 mg/dL) for interstitial glucose remained consistently above 90%, whereas time in hypoglycemia (<45 mg/dL) decreased. Mean glucose was maintained above 70 mg/dL at 72 hours of life and thereafter. Daily sensor glucose profiles showed cyclic fluctuations that were less pronounced over time. Conclusions: While off-label use of medication is both common practice and a necessity in newborn infants, there are few examples of off-label uses of medical devices, rtCGM being a notable exception. Real-time information allowed us to better understand glycemic patterns and to improve the quality of glycemic control accordingly. Severe hypoglycemia was prevented, and measurement of serum levels of insulin and further lab diagnostics were performed much faster, while the patient's individual burden caused by invasive procedures was reduced. Greater customizability of threshold and alert settings would be beneficial for user groups with glycemic instability other than people with diabetes, and for hospitalized newborn infants in particular. Further research in the field of personal and off-label rtCGM use, efficacy studies evaluating the accuracy of low glucose readings, and studies on the differences between algorithms in translating raw sensor data, as well as customization of commercially available rtCGM systems, is needed.
Rugilus armeniacus
Creators: name: Assing, Volker
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Staphylinidae
Rugilus
Rugilus armeniacus

description: Rugilus armeniacus (COIFFAIT, 1970) (Figs 1 -7)
 Stilicus armeniacus COIFFAIT, 1970: 154 f.
 T y p e m a t e r i a l e x a m i n e d: Holotype 3: "Goris, Shurnukhi, ASSR - 16-6-50 / Type / Stilicus armeniacus Coiffait, H. Coiffait det. 1970" (cKal).
 C o m m e n t: The original description is based on a male holotype from "Gorus, R.S.S. d'Arménie" and a female paratype with the same data (COIFFAIT 1970). In size, habitus, and the male secondary sexual characters, R. armeniacus is highly similar to R. iranicus COIFFAIT, 1981, from which it differs particularly by denser punctation of the head and pronotum, distinctly denser and finer punctation of the abdomen, and by slight differences in the morphology of the aedeagus. The external and male sexual characters of the holotype are illustrated in Figs 1 -7.
description: Published as part of Assing, Volker, 2017, A revision of types and additional material of Staphylinidae from the Iablokoff-Khnzorian collection (Insecta: Coleoptera), pp. 333-340 in Linzer biologische Beiträge 49 (1) on page 336, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5356983
Composite "zigzag" structures in the 1D complex Ginzburg-Landau equation
Creators: name: Ipsen, Mads
name: van Hecke, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the dynamics of the one-dimensional complex Ginzburg Landau equation (CGLE) in the regime where holes and defects organize themselves into composite superstructures which we call zigzags. Extensive numerical simulations of the CGLE reveal a wide range of dynamical zigzag behavior which we summarize in a `phase diagram'. We have performed a numerical linear stability and bifurcation analysis of regular zigzag structures which reveals that traveling zigzags bifurcate from stationary zigzags via a pitchfork bifurcation. This bifurcation changes from supercritical (forward) to subcritical (backward) as a function of the CGLE coefficients, and we show the relevance of this for the `phase diagram'. Our findings indicate that in the zigzag parameter regime of the CGLE, the transition between defect-rich and defect-poor states is governed by bifurcations of the zigzag structures.
description: 20 pages, 11 figures
Selection for Resistance to a Glyphosate-Containing Herbicide in Salmonella enterica Does Not Result in a Sustained Activation of the Tolerance Response or Increased Cross-Tolerance and Cross-Resistance to Clinically Important Antibiotics
Creators: name: Pöppe, Judith
name: Bote, Katrin
name: Ramesh, Abhinaya
name: Murugaiyan, Jayaseelan
name: Kuropka, Benno
name: Kühl, Michael
name: Johnston, Paul
name: Roesler, Uwe
name: Makarova, Olga
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: glyphosate
subject: Enterobacteriaceae
subject: resistance
subject: tolerance
subject: fitness costs
subject: experimental evolution
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie

description: Evolution of bacterial tolerance to antimicrobials precedes evolution of resistance and may result in cross-tolerance, cross-resistance, or collateral sensitivity to other antibiotics. Transient exposure of gut bacteria to glyphosate, the world’s most widely used herbicide, has been linked to the activation of the stress response and changes in susceptibility to antibiotics. In this study, we investigated whether chronic exposure to a glyphosate-based herbicide (GBH) results in resistance, a constitutive activation of the tolerance and stress responses, and cross-tolerance or cross-resistance to antibiotics. Of the 10 farm animal-derived clinical isolates of Salmonella enterica subjected to experimental evolution in increasing concentrations of GBH, three isolates showed stable resistance with mutations associated with the glyphosate target gene aroA and no fitness costs. Global quantitative proteomics analysis demonstrated activation of the cellular tolerance and stress response during the transient exposure to GBH but not constitutively in the resistant mutants. Resistant mutants displayed no cross-resistance or cross-tolerance to antibiotics. These results suggest that while transient exposure to GBH triggers cellular tolerance response in Salmonella enterica, this response does not become genetically fixed after selection for resistance to GBH and does not result in increased cross-tolerance or cross-resistance to clinically important antibiotics under our experimental conditions.
Energy Efficient Massive MIMO Array Configurations
Creators: name: Halbauer, Hardy
name: Weber, Andreas
name: Wiegner, Dirk
name: Wild, Thorsten
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: The high spectral efficiency of massive MIMO (Multiple Input Multiple Output) is mainly achieved through the exploitation of spatial multiplexing, i.e. by using a high number of MIMO layers that are applied simultaneously to many users. The power consumption of a massive MIMO base station is determined by the hardware driving a high number of antenna ports and elements. This paper focuses on practical deployment situations with varying user load. During hours with low number of users a certain significant part of hardware power consumption would remain with conventional massive MIMO processing, while the full potential of spectral efficiency cannot be exploited due to the low number of users, resulting in low power efficiency and cost. We investigate the impact of different hybrid array architectures on spectral efficiency, average user throughput and power consumption and show how to design a massive MIMO system with significantly improved energy efficiency for a given target scenario, while maintaining a targeted service quality.
The Economics of Generic Income Stabalization Schemes
Creators: name: Chen, Kevin Z.
name: Meilke, Karl D.
name: Turvey, Calum G.
name: Chen, Kevin Z.
name: Meilke, Karl D.
name: Turvey, Calum G.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: Financial Economics
subject: Public Economics
subject: Generic income stabilization
subject: NISA
subject: prudent farm household model
subject: consumption
subject: production neutrality
subject: decoupled
subject: and agricultural policy.

description: Generic income stabilization schemes, which resemble an actual NISA policy adopted recently in Canada, encourage farmers to set aside funds in high income year for use in low income years through a formal procedure. Their economic effects are investigated using the prudent farm household model. The effects of generic income stabilization schemes are hinged on the interaction between generic stabilization schemes and precautionary saving. It is also found that the designs of generic income stabilization schemes are fundamentally important for their potential supply effects. Conditions for characterizing various generic income stabilization schemes as either production neutral or decoupled are derived. Generic income stabilization scheme operated as a pure stabilization program has little stabilizing value for the optimal prudent farm household.
Lathrobium brunnipes
Creators: name: Assing, Volker
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Staphylinidae
Lathrobium
Lathrobium brunnipes

description: Lathrobium brunnipes (FABRICIUS, 1792)
M a t e r i a l e x a m i n e d: Armenia: 1♀, Silizhan, Barz-gel, 27.V.1951, leg. Khnzorian (cKal).
C o m m e n t: This species was previously unknown from Armenia (SCHÜLKE & SMETANA 2015).
description: Published as part of Assing, Volker, 2017, A revision of types and additional material of Staphylinidae from the Iablokoff-Khnzorian collection (Insecta: Coleoptera), pp. 333-340 in Linzer biologische Beiträge 49 (1) on page 337, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5356983
The impact of impending / onset of vision loss on depression, anxiety, and vision-related quality of life in Birdshot-Retinochoroiditis and Serpiginous Choroiditis
Creators: name: Pohlmann, Dominika
name: Barth, Anne
name: Macedo, Sergio
name: Pleyer, Uwe
name: Winterhalter, Sibylle
name: Albayrak, Özgür
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Anxiety Disorders
subject: Birdshot Chorioretinopathy
subject: Severity of Illness Index
subject: Sickness Impact Profile
subject: White Dot Syndromes
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: To evaluate the impact of Birdshot-Retinochoroidopathy (BSRC) and Serpiginous Choroiditis (SC) on depression, anxiety, and vision-related quality of life. 72 individuals (BSRC: n = 28, SC: n = 8; healthy control group (HC): n = 36) completed the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7), and the Visual Function Questionnaire (VFQ-25). Multivariate linear regression models were used to analyze different subscales of the PHQ-9, the GAD-7 and the VFQ-25. The results showed that the mean of PHQ-9 was significantly higher while the mean of the VFQ-25 and its ' subscales were consistently lower in the disease group compared to HC. The mean of GAD-7 was not significantly lower in the disease group compared to HC. Stratification for different disease severity stages and duration of disease did not reveal any differences in sum scores of PHQ-9, GAD-7, and VFQ-25, whereas there were significant differences in some subscales of the VFQ-25. We conclude that BSRC and SC patients show higher levels of depression and a reduced visual quality of life due to imminent loss of vision. Because depression and quality of life are adversely affected by lack of social contacts and functioning, psychological treatment should enable patients to maintain their independence and ability to social interaction. Psychosomatic care should be taken in account for the treatment of BSRC and SC.
Methods of manufacturing with aerial robots
Creators: name: Alhinai, Talib Muhammad Talib
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2017

description: This thesis explores manufacturing with aerial robots and demonstrates the precision possible for building structures with current technology. The thesis focuses on the development of novel mechanisms and use of unconventional materials for aerial manufacturing, automated algorithms that allow for structures built by robot to adapt to differing environments, and the use of perching as a method to elongate aerial robots' mission times for manufacturing tasks. After examining the challenges and reviewing the relevant biological and robotic literature, three distinct methods for manufacturing with aerial robots were explored including the use of monolithic polyurethane foam, modular block elements and adhesives, and tensile strings and ropes. Each method explores a different way of overcoming the payload limitations, flight time constraints, and precise component placement requirements of aerial robots for manufacturing structures. Several novel mechanisms, robotic prototypes, and automated processes were developed for each system to realise the approaches. Each approach culminated in proof of concept demonstrations of built structures for a variety of applications. The three tested approaches are then assessed and compared qualitatively and quantitatively to gain insight into the relative performance of the systems against each other. In addition, a hybrid approach combining parts of all three methods is carried out and its contrast to previous approaches to aerial robotic manufacturing is discussed. This thesis brings forward a new perspective on aerial robotic manufacturing in which unconventional materials, novel mechanisms, and automated algorithms allow for structures that are more functional, bespoke, and more versatile to be built.
Queequeg flavibasalis
Creators: name: Riedel, Matthias
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Ichneumonidae
Queequeg
Queequeg flavibasalis

description: Queequeg flavibasalis (UCHIDA, 1932)
M a t e r i a l: Laos, Hua Phan Prov., Ban Saleui, Phon-Pan-Mt., 20°13´30´´N 103°59´26´´E, 1350- 1900 m, 233 VI.2009, 13 14-18.IV.2010, 1♀ 25.V.2010, 233 12.V.2011, 13 1.VI.2011, 433 17-21.IV.2012, 1♀ 1-2.VII.2012, 13 10-11.IV.2014, 13 19-21.IV.2014, leg. C. Holzschuh & natives.
R e m a r k: Usually hind tibiae on outer side with apical blackish stripes and hind tarsi blackish, sometimes also hind femora, in 13 tergites 3-7 blackish instead of red.
D i s t r i b u t i o n: Known from China, Taiwan, and Laos.
description: Published as part of Riedel, Matthias, 2017, Contribution to the Ichneumoninae (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae) of Southeastern Asia: 3. Heresiarchini, pp. 895-917 in Linzer biologische Beiträge 49 (1) on pages 912-913, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5356945
Structurally driven asymmetric miscibility in the phase diagram of W-Ti
Creators: name: Ångqvist, Mattias
name: Rahm, J. Magnus
name: Gharaee, Leili
name: Erhart, Paul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Phase diagrams for multi-component systems represent crucial information for understanding and designing materials but are very time consuming to assess experimentally. Computational modeling plays an increasingly important role in this regard but has been largely focused on systems with matching lattice structures and/or stable boundary phases. Here, using a combination of density functional theory calculations, alloy cluster expansions, free energy integration, and Monte Carlo simulations, we obtain the phase diagram of W-Ti, a system that features metastable boundary phases on both sides of the phase diagram. We find that the mixing energy on the body-centered cubic (BCC) lattice is asymmetric and negative with a minimum of about -120 meV/atom, whereas for the hexagonal closed packed (HCP) lattice the mixing energy is positive. By combining these data with a model for the vibrational free energy, we propose a revision of the W-rich end of the phase diagram with a much larger solubility of Ti in BCC-W than previous assessments. Finally, by comparison with the W-V and W-Re system we demonstrate how strongly asymmetric phase diagrams can arise from a subtle energy balance of stable and metastable lattice structures.
description: 9 pages, 7 figures