cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Luminous Thermal Flares from Quiescent Supermassive Black Holes
Creators: name: Gezari, Suvi
name: Heckman, Tim
name: Cenko, S. Bradley
name: Eracleous, Michael
name: Forster, Karl
name: Goncalves, Thiago S.
name: Martin, D. Chris
name: Morrissey, Patrick
name: Neff, Susan G.
name: Seibert, Mark
name: Schiminovich, David
name: Wyder, Ted K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A dormant supermassive black hole lurking in the center of a galaxy will be revealed when a star passes close enough to be torn apart by tidal forces, and a flare of electromagnetic radiation is emitted when the bound fraction of the stellar debris falls back onto the black hole and is accreted. Here we present the third candidate tidal disruption event discovered in the GALEX Deep Imaging Survey: a 1.6x10^{43} erg s^{-1} UV/optical flare from a star-forming galaxy at z=0.1855. The UV/optical SED during the peak of the flare measured by GALEX and Palomar LFC imaging can be modeled as a single temperature blackbody with T_{bb}=1.7x10^{5} K and a bolometric luminosity of 3x10^{45} erg s^{-1}, assuming an internal extinction with E(B-V)_{gas}=0.3. The Chandra upper limit on the X-ray luminosity during the peak of the flare, L_{X}(2-10 keV)< 10^{41} erg s^{-1}, is 2 orders of magnitude fainter than expected from the ratios of UV to X-ray flux density observed in active galaxies. We compare the light curves and broadband properties of all three tidal disruption candidates discovered by GALEX, and find that (1) the light curves are well fitted by the power-law decline expected for the fallback of debris from a tidally disrupted solar-type star, and (2) the UV/optical SEDs can be attributed to thermal emission from an envelope of debris located at roughly 10 times the tidal disruption radius of a ~10^{7} M_sun central black hole. We use the observed peak absolute optical magnitudes of the flares (-17.5 > M_{g} > -18.9) to predict the detection capabilities of upcoming optical synoptic surveys. (Abridged)
description: Accepted for Publication in ApJ, 19 pages, 10 figures, 2 tables, emulateapj, corrections from proofs added
A study of the self perceptions of a selected group of recently widowed older people concerning physical health and use of community health resources
Creators: name: Butler, Ada Madeleine
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: Two questions were asked by this exploratory-descriptive study. Does the older person's perception of his physical health status change following widowhood? Does the older person's pattern of contact with community health resources change following widowhood? In order to answer these questions, the study surveyed the self perceptions of a selected group of fifty recently widowed older persons to gather information concerning present physical health status and present use of community health resources, and information eliciting whether or not change in either was perceived to have occurred following widowhood. A semi-structured Research Interview Schedule was developed and used to obtain the information pertinent to the research problem. Fifty widowed persons were interviewed in their usual place of residence. All were over sixty years of age. All had been widowed more than nine but less than twelve months at the time of interview. An assumption made on the basis of experiences during the interviewing phase of the study was that the widowed persons participating in the study, when visited in their own environment, showed a desire for conversation about the loss of the spouse, the details of the loss, and the aspects of widowhood which were significant to them. The Wilcoxon-Matched Pairs Signed-Ranks Test was used to test the first hypothesis of the study. It was concluded that there was significant statistical evidence of a difference in the older person's perception of his physical health status following widowhood. A majority, or 78 percent of the study group reported an increase of physical complaints and health problems in the year following widowhood. Although most respondents had a positive attitude toward health, 28 percent of the study population reported a decline in functioning ability over the past year. Descriptive analysis was carried out in relation to the second hypothesis of the study. The study, found no reason to believe that, for the majority of older people who were able to remain in the community following widowhood, increase in health complaints and health problems was accompanied by increase in contact with community health workers. Fifteen persons, or 30 percent of the study group, reported such change and said they had no contact with any health worker over the year. Fifty percent of the study population reported contact with health workers unchanged as compared to a year ago. Fifteen of these twenty-five persons reported increase in health complaints over the year. It was concluded that, for most of the older persons in the study group, widowhood was not accompanied by change in pattern of contact with community health resources.
The Popularity of extremism: A computational exploration of extremist political speech on Twitter
Creators: name: Yang, Shuyi
Publisher: name: University of Chicago
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Extremism
subject: Social Media
subject: Natural Language Processing

description: We define political extremism as a duality of internal ideology and external performance and explore whether its performative component on digital platforms is associated with greater popularity. We select three measures of extremism performance supported by prior literature and examine their ability to predict human-labeled extremism in crowd-sourced data. Then we observe how the social media posts’ popularity is dependent on these measures. We find that, out of the three measures, sentiment has a statistically significant association with popularity, but could not yield evidence to confirm it to be a good predictor of extremism.
Engineering the Kondo and Fano effects in double quantum dots
Creators: name: Fang, Tie-Feng
name: Luo, Hong-Gang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate delicate control over the Kondo effect and its interplay with quantum interference in an Aharonov-Bohm interferometer containing one Kondo dot and one noninteracting dot. It is shown that the Kondo resonance undergoes a dramatic evolution as the interdot tunnel coupling progressively increases. A novel triple Kondo splitting occurs from the interference between constant and Lorentzian conduction bands that cooperate in forming the Kondo singlet. The device also manifests a highly controllable Fano-Kondo effect in coherent electronic transport, and can be tuned to a regime where the coupled dots behave as decoupled dots.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
Multidimensional Data Structures and Techniques for Efficient Decision Making
Creators: name: Andreica, Madalina Ecaterina
name: Andreica, Mugurel Ionut
name: Cataniciu, Nicolae
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Computational Geometry (cs.CG)
subject: Databases (cs.DB)
subject: Data Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: E.1; H.3.3

description: In this paper we present several novel efficient techniques and multidimensional data structures which can improve the decision making process in many domains. We consider online range aggregation, range selection and range weighted median queries; for most of them, the presented data structures and techniques can provide answers in polylogarithmic time. The presented results have applications in many business and economic scenarios, some of which are described in detail in the paper.
Additional file 8 of A stable gene set for prediction of prognosis and efficacy of chemotherapy in gastric cancer
Creators: name: Wu, Rui
name: Guo, Sixuan
name: Lai, Shuhui
name: Pan, Guixing
name: Zhang, Linyi
name: Liu, Huanbing
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 8: Supplemental Fig. S3. SGRS-OS and SGRS-PFI were used to predict the chemotherapy efficacy of the patients in every group. (a-c) SGRS-OS was used to predict the efficacy of chemotherapy and drawing the ROC curves (a-c) in different groups divided by grades (a), stages (b), and types (c); (d-f) SGRS-PFI was used to predict the efficacy of chemotherapy and drawing the ROC curves (d-f) in different groups divided by grade (d), stage (e), and type (f).
Finite field theories and causality
Creators: name: Aste, Andreas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A condensed introduction to the basic concepts of causal perturbation theory is given. Causal perturbation theory is a mathematically rigorous approach to renormalization theory, which makes it possible to put the theoretical setup of perturbative quantum field theory on a sound mathematical basis by avoiding infinities from the outset. It goes back to a seminal work by Henri Epstein and Vladimir Jurko Glaser published in 1973, where a specific causality condition was imposed at every order of perturbation theory in the case of scalar quantum field theory such that divergent integrals could be avoided in actual calculations of loop diagrams. In the meantime, the causal approach has been applied also to a wide range of gauge theories.
description: 9 pages, LATEX, style file included, 2 figures. Presented at Light Cone 2008 (LC2008): Relativistic Nuclear and Particle Physics, Mulhouse, France, July 7-11, 2008
script and data for "Contemporary environment and historical legacy explain functional diversity of freshwater fishes in the world rivers"
Creators: name: Su, Guohuan
name: Tedesco, Pablo
name: Toussaint, Aurele
name: Villeger, Sébastien
name: Sebastien, Brosse
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 50202 Conservation and Biodiversity
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology

description: script and data used for the analysis and figures plotting in paper "Contemporary environment and historical legacy explain functional diversity of freshwater fishes in the world rivers"
Stochastic Low Reynolds Number Swimmers
Creators: name: Golestanian, Ramin
name: Ajdari, Armand
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: As technological advances allow us to fabricate smaller autonomous self-propelled devices, it is clear that at some point directed propulsion could not come from pre-specified deterministic periodic deformation of the swimmer's body and we need to develop strategies to extract a net directed motion from a series of random transitions in the conformation space of the swimmer. We present a theoretical formulation to describe the "stochastic motor" that drives the motion of low Reynolds number swimmers based on this concept, and use it to study the propulsion of a simple low Reynolds number swimmer, namely, the three-sphere swimmer model. When the detailed-balanced is broken and the motor is driven out of equilibrium, it can propel the swimmer in the required direction. The formulation can be used to study optimal design strategies for molecular-scale low Reynolds number swimmers.
description: Contribution to a special issue of Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter on Swimming at Low Reynolds Number
High Resolution Spectroscopy of [NeII] Emission from AA Tau and GM Aur
Creators: name: Najita, Joan R.
name: Doppmann, Greg W.
name: Bitner, Martin A.
name: Richter, Matthew J.
name: Lacy, John H.
name: Jaffe, Daniel T.
name: Carr, John S.
name: Meijerink, Rowin
name: Blake, Geoffrey A.
name: Herczeg, Gregory J.
name: Glassgold, Alfred E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present high resolution (R=80,000) spectroscopy of [NeII] emission from two young stars, GM Aur and AA Tau, which have moderate to high inclinations. The emission from both sources appears centered near the stellar velocity and is broader than the [NeII] emission measured previously for the face-on disk system TW Hya. These properties are consistent with a disk origin for the [NeII] emission we detect, with disk rotation (rather than photoevaporation or turbulence in a hot disk atmosphere) playing the dominant role in the origin of the line width. In the non-face-on systems, the [NeII] emission is narrower than the CO fundamental emission from the same sources. If the widths of both diagnostics are dominated by Keplerian rotation, this suggests that the [NeII] emission arises from larger disk radii on average than does the CO emission. The equivalent width of the [NeII] emission we detect is less than that of the spectrally unresolved [NeII] feature in the Spitzer spectra of the same sources. Variability in the [NeII] emission or the mid-infrared continuum, a spatially extended [NeII] component, or a very (spectrally) broad [NeII] component might account for the difference in the equivalent widths.
description: Accepted for publication in ApJ
Neutrino Oscillations in a Minimal CPT Violation Frame
Creators: name: Arias, Paola
name: Gamboa, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The oscillation neutrino problem in the extended standard model with minimal number of parameters is considered. The dispersion relations with explicit neutrino-antineutrino asymmetry are discussed and an explanation to the MINIBooNE and solar neutrino controversy is offered. Bounds for the CPT violation symmetry are also found.
description: 4pp
title: Transverse momentum broadening of high-energy partons from 3D lattice EQCD simulations
Creators: name: Schlusser, Niels
Publisher: name: UNSPECIFIED
Year: 2020

description: Heavy-ion collision experiments and related theoretical efforts of understanding the strong interaction constitute key endeavors in the modern pursuit of understanding nature. A central field of comparison for experiment and theory are the interactions of high-energy particles with a strongly interacting medium. The transverse momentum distribution of a high-energy particle broadens in crossing that very medium, quantified by the transverse collision kernel, C(b ⊥ ). It receives dominant infrared corrections which cannot be tackled perturbatively, even at weak coupling. In the present thesis, we calculated this contribution on the lattice in Electrostatic QCD as proposed by Caron-Huot and pioneered by Panero, Rummukainen, and Schäfer. In order to put us into the position of extrapolating the discretization errors away, we developed a procedure to entirely remove discretization errors linear in the lattice spacing. Our data, provided at four different temperatures, render the common approximations of C(b ⊥ ) redundant.
title: Strahldynamik und -diagnose am Energie-rückgewinnenden S-DALINAC
Creators: name: Pforr, Jonas
Publisher: name: UNSPECIFIED
Year: 2020

description: This dissertation covers beam dynamics and beam diagnostics, which are two essential parts of accelerator development at the S-DALINAC. In the scope of this work simulations of beam dynamics were conducted, a system for emittance measurements was set up and used and several other measurements were performed and analysed. This firstly includes beam dynamics simulations of the injector and of the recirculating main accelerator, which were used to investigate possible sources of error for an emittance growth. Furthermore, a simulation for the realisation of the once-recirculating ERL-mode (Energy Recovery Linac) was prepared. An improved analysis of the beam transport shall also be reached by the newly installed emittance measurement setups. By enabling an emittance determination at different positions along the beamline, changes of this central parameter can be monitored. On the one hand, this extends the operator’s options of tuning the beam, as now the emittance can be optimized. On the other hand, regular measurements improve the reproducibility of accelerator settings. For beam dynamics simulations emittance measurements are useful as well, as they can both serve the verification of calculations and provide data for starting conditions for further simulations. By using the new emittance measurement setups, a variety of measurements were conducted in the course of this work. In this process, first of all a comparison of the established screens with the newly installed transition radiation targets was conducted. Furthermore, behind the injector of the S-DALINAC a dependence of the emittance on the beam current was observed. The setups in the recirculations were commissioned and used for emittance measurements as well. Additionally, a measurement of transverse and longitudinal dispersion in thrice-recirculating operation was conducted and analysed. Unexpected non-linear contributions to the dispersion could be observed there. By using a beam dynamics simulation they can be explained at least qualitatively. The resulting understanding was also used to further develop the beam tuning procedures. Finally, the investigation of the beam break-up (BBU) threshold current shall be mentioned. An experimental search for the threshold current was conducted both before and after the installation of the third recirculation of the S-DALINAC. In the once-recirculating operation mode, we managed to increase the injected beam current to 20 µA, which is the maximum allowed value within the limits of the operation license, and to recirculate this almost loss-free without observing BBU.
Leitmann's direct method of optimization for absolute extrema of certain problems of the calculus of variations on time scales
Creators: name: Malinowska, Agnieszka B.
name: Torres, Delfim F. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 49J05, 49M30, 39A12

description: The fundamental problem of the calculus of variations on time scales concerns the minimization of a delta-integral over all trajectories satisfying given boundary conditions. This includes the discrete-time, the quantum, and the continuous/classical calculus of variations as particular cases. In this note we follow Leitmann's direct method to give explicit solutions for some concrete optimal control problems on an arbitrary time scale.
description: Accepted for publication (9/January/2010) in Applied Mathematics and Computation
Classical Stability of Sudden and Big Rip Singularities
Creators: name: Barrow, John D.
name: Lip, Sean Z. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce a general characterization of sudden cosmological singularities and investigate the classical stability of homogeneous and isotropic cosmological solutions of all curvatures containing these singularities to small scalar, vector, and tensor perturbations using gauge invariant perturbation theory. We establish that sudden singularities at which the scale factor, expansion rate, and density are finite are stable except for a set of special parameter values. We also apply our analysis to the stability of Big Rip singularities and find the conditions for their stability against small scalar, vector, and tensor perturbations.
description: 16 pages, no figures. Final published version. Corrections, further clarifications and references added
Resolved $1/m_b$ contributions to $b \to s\ell\ell$ and $b \to s\gamma$
Creators: name: Benzke, Michael
name: Hurth, Tobias
Publisher: name: Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, DESY, Hamburg
Year: 2020
Subjects: nonperturbative

description: In view of new data on moments of the subleading shape functions and on other input parameters we revisit our analysis of the resolved contributions to the inclusive decays $\bar B \to X_{s,d} \ell^+\ell^-$ and also comment on recent work on the resolved contributions to the inclusive decay $\bar B \to X_s \gamma$. Within a systematic approach we find some significant reduction of the nonperturbative uncertainties in the inclusive decay $\bar B \to X_{s,d} \ell^+\ell^-$, but not in the inclusive decay $\bar B \to X_s \gamma$.
Modal abundances of CAIs: Implications for bulk chondrite element abundances and fractionations
Creators: name: Hezel, Dominik C.
name: Russell, Sara S.
name: Ross, Aidan J.
name: Kearsley, Anton T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Modal abundances of Ca,Al-rich inclusions (CAIs) are poorly known and reported data scatter across large ranges. We combine reported CAI modal abundances and our own set, and present a complete list of CAI modal abundances in carbonaceous chondrites. This includes (in area%): CV: 2.98, CM: 1.21, Acfer 094: 1.12, CO: 0.99, CK/CV (Ningqiang & DaG 055): 0.77, CK: 0.2, CR: 0.12 and CB: 0.1. CAIs are Poisson distributed and if only small areas (<1000 mm2) are studied, the data are probably not representative of the true CAI modal abundances, explaining their reported large scatter in a single chondrite group. Carbonaceous chondrites have excess bulk Al concentrations when compared to the CI-chondritic value. We find a correlation between this excess and CAI modal abundances and conclude that the excess Al was delivered by CAIs. The excess Al is only a minor fraction (usually ~10 rel%, but 25 rel% in case of CVs) of the bulk chondrite Al and cannot have contributed much 26Al to heat the chondrite parent body. Ordinary, enstatite, R- and K-chondrites have an Al deficit relative to CI chondrites and only very low CAI modal abundances, if any are present at all. Carbonaceous chondrites also had an initial Al deficit if the contribution of Al delivered by CAIs is subtracted. Therefore all chondrites probably lost a refractory rich high-T component. Only minor amounts of CAIs are present in the matrix or have been present in the chondrule precursor aggregates. Most CAI size distributions contain more than one size population, indicating that CAIs from within a single meteorite group had different origins.
description: Meteoritics & Planetary Sciences (in press)
Intranight polarization variability in radio-loud and radio-quiet AGN
Creators: name: Villforth, C.
name: Nilsson, K.
name: Ostensen, R.
name: Heidt, J.
name: Niemi, S. -M.
name: Pforr, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: (Abriged) Intranight polarization variability in AGN has not been studied extensively so far. Studying the variability in polarization makes it possibly to distinguish between different emission mechanisms. Thus it can help answering the question if intranight variability in radio-loud and radio-quiet AGN is of the same or of fundamentally different origin. In this paper we investigate intranight polarization variability in AGN. Our sample consists of 28 AGN at low to moderate redshifts (0.048 < z < 1.036), 12 of which are radio-quiet quasars (RQQs) and 16 are radio-loud blazars. The subsample of blazars consists of eight flat-spectrum radio-quasars (FSRQs) and eight BL Lac objects. We find clear differences between the two samples. A majority of the radio-loud AGN show moderate to high degrees of polarization, more than half of them also show variability in polarization. There seems to be a dividing line for polarization intranight variability at P~5 per cent over which all objects vary in polarization. Only two out of 12 radio-quiet quasars show polarized emission, both at levels of P<1 per cent. The lack of polarization intranight variability in radio-quiet AGN points towards accretion instabilities being the cause for intranight flux variability whereas the high duty cycle of polarization variability in radio-loud objects is more likely caused by instabilities in the jet or changes of physical conditions in the jet plasma.
description: Accepted for Publication in MNRAS (17 pages, 14 figures, 4 tables)
Taniguchi (2022), Unprovability of Continuation-Passing Style Transformation in Lambek Calculus
Creators: name: Taniguchi, Masaya
Publisher: name: University of Amsterdam / Amsterdam University of Applied Sciences
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Information and Computing Sciences
subject: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Language, Communication and Culture

description: Proceedings of the ESSLLI 2022 Student Session
Unprovabiliy of Continuation-Passing Style Transformation in Lambek Calculus
Masaya Taniguchi
Combinatory categorial grammar (CCG) includes combinators in addition to categorial grammar (CG), to accommodate various linguistics phenomena. For example, the type-raising rule realized by a combinator in CCG to exchange the argument--functor relation; such a rule is generalized as continuation-passing style (CPS) transformation. However, there is concern that CPS may exceedingly accept ungrammatical sentences. In this paper, we investigate the expanded grammar rules of CCG in terms of Lambek Calculus (LC), that is a formal system of CG. First, we show that Barker's CPS transformation is provable in LC but Plotkin's CPS transformation is not so. Second, we show a provable subset of Plotkin's CPS transformations . Due to the complexity of proving unprovability, we formalize the proof in Isabelle/HOL and verify it. We show that this subset is a grammatical class represented in LC, and call it type-restricted CPS transformation.
Minimax Goodness-of-Fit Testing in Multivariate Nonparametric Regression
Creators: name: Ingster, Yuri I.
name: Sapatinas, Theofanis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 62G08, 62G10, 62G20

description: We consider an unknown response function $f$ defined on $Δ=[0,1]^d$, $1\le d\le\infty$, taken at $n$ random uniform design points and observed with Gaussian noise of known variance. Given a positive sequence $r_n\to 0$ as $n\to\infty$ and a known function $f_0 \in L_2(Δ)$, we propose, under general conditions, a unified framework for the goodness-of-fit testing problem for testing the null hypothesis $H_0: f=f_0$ against the alternative $H_1: f\in\CF, \|f-f_0\|\ge r_n$, where $\CF$ is an ellipsoid in the Hilbert space $ L_2(Δ)$ with respect to the tensor product Fourier basis and $\|\cdot\|$ is the norm in $ L_2(Δ)$. We obtain both rate and sharp asymptotics for the error probabilities in the minimax setup. The derived tests are inherently non-adaptive. Several illustrative examples are presented. In particular, we consider functions belonging to ellipsoids arising from the well-known multidimensional Sobolev and tensor product Sobolev norms as well as from the less-known Sloan-Wo$\rm\acute{z}$niakowski norm and a norm constructed from multivariable analytic functions on the complex strip. Some extensions of the suggested minimax goodness-of-fit testing methodology, covering the cases of general design schemes with a known product probability density function, unknown variance, other basis functions and adaptivity of the suggested tests, are also briefly discussed.
description: 36 pages (to appear in: Mathematical Methods of Statistics)
Study of the basement membrane in experimental hyperplasia of the rat thyroid using the electron microscope and stereological analysis
Creators: name: Mackenzie, Margaret June
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: Hyperplasia was induced by physical and chemical means. The resulting goitres were examined by electron microscopy, and the basement membranes were analyzed by stereological methods. The basement membrane in experimental colloid goitre was found to be significantly thinner than its control. A consideration of the course of the various goitres and of the chemical nature of basement membranes leads to the conclusion that the thinning of the basement membrane was the result of stretching.
A simple local 3-approximation algorithm for vertex cover
Creators: name: Polishchuk, Valentin
name: Suomela, Jukka
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We present a local algorithm (constant-time distributed algorithm) for finding a 3-approximate vertex cover in bounded-degree graphs. The algorithm is deterministic, and no auxiliary information besides port numbering is required.
description: 6 pages, 1 figure
title: Synthese Titanat-basierter Kern-Schale Mikro-Partikel zur Feldsteuerung in der Hochspannungstechnik
Creators: name: Lehmann, Sebastian
Publisher: name: UNSPECIFIED
Year: 2020

description: Die Materialklasse der Titanate weist hervorragende Eigenschaften wie Hochtemperaturstabilität, Ver- schleißfestigkeit sowie Korrosions- und Oxidationsbeständigkeit auf. Darüber hinaus lassen sich die elek- trischen Eigenschaften der Materialien beispielsweise durch Dotierungen gezielt verändern. Aus diesem Grund werden sie als gesinterte Vollkeramik bereits weit verbreitet als mehrlagige Kondensatoren oder Sensoren zur Temperaturkontrolle für elektronische Bauteile eingesetzt. Die vorliegende Arbeit beschreibt die Synthese Titanat-basierter Kern-Schale Mikro-Partikel über einen nasschemischen Fällungsprozess mithilfe einer ammoniakalischen Wasserstoffperoxid-Lösung und de- ren Charakterisierung. Es werden dotierte Barium- und Strontiumtitanate, die in der Perowskit-Struktur kristallisieren, durch Änderung des pH-Wertes und der Temperatur auf verschiedene keramische Sub- strate gefällt. Die Substrate haben dabei Einfluss auf Geometrie und Dichte der resultierenden Partikel. Aus dem gefällten und getrockneten Material wird über eine sich anschließende Kalzinierung bei hohen Temperaturen unter oxidierender und reduzierender Atmosphäre eine granuläre Struktur auf dem Sub- strat erzeugt. Die Charakterisierung erfolgt mithilfe unterschiedlicher Methoden, wobei die Elektronenmikrosko- pie und die Röntgendiffraktometrie zwei der wichtigsten Werkzeuge darstellen. Daneben kommen Spektroskopie-Techniken (UV-Vis, Raman, XPS) und thermische Analysen (TGA) zum Einsatz. Mithilfe der statistischen Versuchsplanung werden die Materialien, die als Füllstoffe in Polymeren ein- gesetzt werden können, auf nicht-linear elektrische Eigenschaften optimiert. Hierfür werden Füllstoff- Silikon-Komposite hergestellt, an denen die elektrische Stromdichte J bei sich ändernder elektrischer Feldstärke E gemessen wird. Es werden Parameter definiert, mit denen der Verlauf der J-E-Kennlinie be- einflusst werden kann. Eine mögliche Anwendung dieser Neuentwicklung findet sich im Bereich der Feldsteuerung in der Hoch- spannungstechnik. Indem das Material intelligent auf hohe elektrische Feldstärken reagiert, werden Fel- der entzerrt beziehungsweise Feldüberhöhungen abgebaut und das Hochspannungskabel und andere Zubehörteile, wie Kabelmuffen und Endverschlüsse, erhalten eine höhere Lebensdauer.
The Twisted Twin of the Grigorchuk Group
Creators: name: Bartholdi, Laurent
name: Siegenthaler, Olivier
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We study a twisted version of Grigorchuk's first group, and stress its similarities and differences to its model. In particular, we show that it admits a finite endomorphic presentation, has infinite-rank multiplier, and does not have the congruence property.
description: 17 pages
Comparison of high-accuracy numerical simulations of black-hole binaries with stationary phase post-Newtonian template waveforms for Initial and Advanced LIGO
Creators: name: Boyle, Michael
name: Brown, Duncan A.
name: Pekowsky, Larne
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the effectiveness of stationary-phase approximated post-Newtonian waveforms currently used by ground-based gravitational-wave detectors to search for the coalescence of binary black holes by comparing them to an accurate waveform obtained from numerical simulation of an equal-mass non-spinning binary black hole inspiral, merger and ringdown. We perform this study for the Initial- and Advanced-LIGO detectors. We find that overlaps between the templates and signal can be improved by integrating the match filter to higher frequencies than used currently. We propose simple analytic frequency cutoffs for both Initial and Advanced LIGO, which achieve nearly optimal matches, and can easily be extended to unequal-mass, spinning systems. We also find that templates that include terms in the phase evolution up to 3.5 pN order are nearly always better, and rarely significantly worse, than 2.0 pN templates currently in use. For Initial LIGO we recommend a strategy using templates that include a recently introduced pseudo-4.0 pN term in the low-mass ($M \leq 35 \MSun$) region, and 3.5 pN templates allowing unphysical values of the symmetric reduced mass $η$ above this. This strategy always achieves overlaps within 0.3% of the optimum, for the data used here. For Advanced LIGO we recommend a strategy using 3.5 pN templates up to $M=12 \MSun$, 2.0 pN templates up to $M=21 \MSun$, pseudo-4.0 pN templates up to $65 \MSun$, and 3.5 pN templates with unphysical $η$ for higher masses. This strategy always achieves overlaps within 0.7% of the optimum for Advanced LIGO.
description: 20 pages, 11 figures. Presented at NRDA 2008
Wiener's Lemma for Infinite Matrices II
Creators: name: Sun, Qiyu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 46H10, 42B25, 47B35, 47B37, 47A10, 46A45, 41A15, 42C40, 94A12

description: In this paper, we introduce a class of infinite matrices related to the Beurling algebra of periodic functions, and we show that it is an inverse-closed subalgebra of ${\mathcal B}(\ell^q_w)$, the algebra of all bounded linear operators on the weight sequence space $\ell^q_w$, for any $1\le q
Simplified approach to generate controlled-NOT gates with single trapped ions for arbitrary Lamb-Dicke parameters
Creators: name: Zhang, Miao
name: Jia, H. Y.
name: Wei, L. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: For certain {\it specific} (or {\it"magic"}) Lamb-Dicke (LD) parameters, Monroe {\it et al} showed [Phys. Rev. {\bf A 55}, R2489 (1997)] that a two-qubit quantum operation, between the external and internal degrees of freedom of a single trapped ion, could be implemented by applying a single carrier laser pulse. Here, we further show that, such a two-qubit operation (which is equivalent to the standard CNOT gate, only apart from certain phase factors) could also be significantly-well realized for {\it arbitrarily} selected LD parameters. Instead of the so-called "$π$-pulses" used in the previous demonstrations, the durations of the pulses applied in the present proposal are required to be accurately set within the decoherence times of the ion. % We also propose a simple approach by using only one off-resonant (e.g., blue-sideband) laser pulse to eliminate the unwanted phase factors existed in the above two-qubit operations for generating the standard CNOT gates.
description: 10 pages, 1 table
A revision of the Genus Galaxias : (Pisces: Galaxiidae) in Tasmania
Creators: name: Andrews, AP
Publisher: name: University Of Tasmania
Year: 2023

description: Eight species of the genus Galaxias are found to be represented in Tasmania. The taxonomy, meristic and morphometric variation of each species is examined and data on the distribution, life history and ecology of each species are presented together with references and synonomy. Excluding the two genera Paragalaxias and Brachygalaxias, which are outside the scope of the present work, a total of twelve species and one subspecies in two genera, Galaxias and Saxilaga, have been recorded from Tasmania at the time of writing. G. scopus Scott is shown to be a synonym of G. truttaceus Valenciennes while G. affinis Regan and G. coxii Macleay are found to be synonyms of G. brevipinnis Ganther, which is recorded for the first time from the Australian mainland. The two species currently referred to the genus Saxilaga Scott, together with G. upcheri Scott, are found to represent one species only. As this species appears to possess no features which warrant generic separation from Galaxias the species is accordingly referred to that genus. The genus Saxilaga Scott thus comes to be abandoned. The type locality of G. auratus is shown to be Lake Sorell and the type locality of G. upcheri is more accurately defined than has been done by previous writers. The Tasmanian galaxiid fauna is broadly divisible into two groups based on life history and ecology patterns. The first group comprises the wide ranging diadromous species which inhabit the coastal areas, including the offshore islands, and are also found on the Australian mainland. The second group of species is largely restricted to specialised lacustrine and fluviatile areas of the inland and central region. In some cases however considerable overlap in the ranges of both groups is evident, 2. as in the case of G. brevipinnis, in which both diadromous and lacustrine populations were found to occur. The Tasmanian members of the genus Galaxias were found to be divisible into four species groups. The first group consists of G. maculatus and G. cleaveri. The second group consists of G. truttaceus and the closely related species G. auratus. The third group contains the single species G. brevipinnis while the last group comprises the three inland species G. johnstoni, G. pedderensis and G. parvus. The Tasmanian galaxiid fauna is compared and contrasted with the galaxiid faunas of Australia and New Zealand and the distribution patterns and zoogeographic considerations are discussed.
Solutions to Horava Gravity
Creators: name: Lu, H.
name: Mei, Jianwei
name: Pope, C. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently Horava proposed a non-relativistic renormalisable theory of gravitation, which reduces to Einstein's general relativity at large distances, and that may provide a candidate for a UV completion of Einstein's theory. In this paper, we derive the full set of equations of motion, and then we obtain spherically symmetric solutions and discuss their properties. We also obtain solutions for the Friedman-Lemaitre-Robertson-Walker cosmological metric.
description: Latex, 8 pages, version to appear in Phys. Rev. Lett
Probing the d_{x2-y2}-wave Pomeranchuk instability by ultrasound
Creators: name: Adachi, Hiroto
name: Sigrist, Manfred
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Selection rules of ultrasound attenuation and sound velocity renormalization are analyzed in view of their potential application to identify Pomeranchuk instabilities (electronic nematic phase). It is shown that the transverse sound attenuation along [110] direction is enhanced by the Fermi surface fluctuations near a d_{x2-y2}-wave Pomeranchuk instability, while the attenuation along [100] direction remains unaffected. Moreover the fluctuation regime above the instability is analyzed by means of a self-consistent renormalization scheme. The results could be applied directly to Sr3Ru2O7 which is a potential candidate for a Pomeranchuk instability at its metamagnetic transition in strong magnetic fields.
description: 14 pages, 12 figures
Studies on human visible persistence
Creators: name: Bowling, Alison Catherine
Publisher: name: University Of Tasmania
Year: 2023

description: The visual system has limited temporal resolution, with the intensity of brief stimulus presentations being summed, or integrated over time. This temporal integration may manifest itself in various ways, including timeintensity reciprocity at threshold (Bloch's Law), flicker fusion, some masking phenomena, and visible persistence. The degree of visual temporal resolution varies with a number of conditions including luminance, field size, and the spatial frequency of gratings. Many of these temporal properties may possibly be explained in terms of interactions between two parallel visual mechanisms - \sustained\" and \"transient\" channels. These appear to analyse pattern and movement respectively. This thesis reports investigations into properties of one of these temporal characteristics visible persistence. It attempts to relate persistence to threshold measures of temporal summation especially time-intensity reciprocity. It is argued that persistence may occur at more than one level of the visual system and that the more peripheral component may result from processes similar to those responsible for the \"critical duration\" of time-intensity reciprocity. Using a separation threshold method persistence duration was found to increase with both increasing spatial frequency and decreasing contrast. By measuring persistence over several stimulus durations it was possible to show that it consisted of two components. One occurred only at brief stimulus durations and declined linearly with increasing stimulus duration. The other appeared to be present and approximately constant at every stimulus duration. Varying stimulus conditions such as orientation contrast and spatial frequency affected these components differently. These effects were consistent with the hypothesis that one component is peripherally located and the other more central. It was argued that persistence at both levels is due to the prolonged nature of sustained cell responses with high frequency gratings stimulating mechanisms with longer response durations than the mechanisms stimulated by low frequency gratings. It was also proposed that response duration may be influenced by the amplitude or latency of transient mechanisms but neither flicker adaptation nor reaction time experiments supported this. It was noted that the conditions which elevate persistence such as the use of higher spatial frequencies oblique orientations and lower contrast levels would all be expected to produce weaker neural stimulation. It appears therefore that for weaker neural stimulation the response duration is lengthened as if in compensation."
Sequences of dipole black rings and Kaluza-Klein bubbles
Creators: name: Yazadjiev, Stoytcho S.
name: Nedkova, Petia G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct new exact solutions to 5D Einstein-Maxwell equations describing sequences of Kaluza-Klein bubbles and dipole black rings. The solutions are generated by 2-soliton transformations from vacuum black ring - bubble sequences. The properties of the solutions are investigated. We also derive the Smarr-like relations and the mass and tension first laws in the general case for such configurations of Kaluza-Klein bubbles and dipole black rings. The novel moment is the appearance of the magnetic flux in the Smarr-like relations and the first laws.
description: 26 pages, 1 figure
ГЕНДЕР ФАРҚЛАРИНИ ҲИСОБГА ОЛГАН ҲОЛДА ГЕМОРРАГИК ИНСУЛТНИНГ ЎТКИР ДАВРИДА ИММУНИТЕТ КЎРСАТКИЧЛАРИНИНГ ЎЗГАРИШИ ХУСУСИЯТЛАРИ
Creators: name: Нарзуллаев, Нуриддин
name: Шодмонов, Жаҳонгир
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: гендер фарқларини ҳисобга олган ҳолда геморрагик инсултнинг  ўткир даврида  беморларда иммун тизими  ҳолатидаги ўзгаришларнинг хусусиятларини аниқлашдан иборат.
Ricci flow on open 3-manifolds and positive scalar curvature
Creators: name: Bessières, Laurent
name: Besson, Gérard
name: Maillot, Sylvain
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53C21; 57M50

description: We show that an orientable 3-dimensional manifold M admits a complete riemannian metric of bounded geometry and uniformly pos- itive scalar curvature if and only if there exists a finite collection F of spherical space-forms such that M is a (possibly infinite) connected sum where each summand is diffeomorphic to S2xS1 or to some mem- ber of F. This result generalises G. Perelman's classification theorem for compact 3-manifolds of positive scalar curvature. The main tool is a variant of Perelman's surgery construction for Ricci flow.
description: 65 pages
Using a computer soil data file in the development of statistical techniques for the evaluation of soil suitability for land use
Creators: name: Kloosterman, Bruce
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: Pedology, like most other sciences, is facing a data explosion in which it is becoming increasingly difficult to organize, summarize and interpret large quantities of data. Coupled with this is an unprecedented demand for soils information for consideration in resource management and environmental considerations. Since decision making in these areas increasingly has to be justified by economic criteria, the need for evaluation of soils information for land use considerations in economic terms is paramount. In this study, the British Columbia Soil Survey Data File was used. The file contains only routine soil survey data. It was improved and modified to correct problems arising from earlier experiences. The identification, organization and coding techniques used in the data file are presented. In view of the interest in establishing national data bank systems a modified hierarchical organizational and identification system is proposed, which should be equally applicable at regional, provincial and national levels. The Data File was also used to explore by statistical techniques the inter-relationships between soil properties, the feasibility of predicting the values for dependent variables by multiple regression equations and to study the modal concept of soil which is basic to soil classification and subsequent statistical analysis. Numerical taxonomy techniques were used to determine the feasibility of using objective statistical techniques in the development of a model by which soils could be rated for a specific land use, as well as, determine on the basis of correlation and regression analysis an estimate of hypothetical treatments and costs that would make a given soil behave more like an ideal soil for the use in question. The study showed that, using cash cropping and road bed construction as two contrasting soil uses as examples, the derivation of cost estimates for soil manipulation is feasible. However, the derivation of the ideal soil (model) is critical.