Parasenegalia skleroxyla Seigler &amp; Ebinger &amp; Riggins &amp; Terra &amp; Miller 2017, comb. nov.
Creators: name: Seigler, David S.
name: Ebinger, John E.
name: Riggins, Chance W.
name: Terra, Vanessa
name: Miller, Joseph T.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Fabales
Fabaceae
Parasenegalia
Parasenegalia skleroxyla

description: <b>5. Parasenegalia skleroxyla (Tussac) Seigler &amp; Ebinger</b>, comb. nov. Basionym: <i>Acacia skleroxyla</i> Tussac, Fl. Antill. 1: 146–148, tab. XXI [21]. 1808 [1808–1813]. <i>Senegalia skleroxyla</i> (Tussac) Seigler &amp; Ebinger, Phytologia 91(1): 28. 2009. TYPE: Antilles. Santo Domingo (holotype, tab. XXI [21] in Tussac [1808]!). Figures 6, 7. Tree to 20 m tall; bark gray to light brown, smooth; twigs light to dark purplish brown, not flexuous, terete, glabrous to lightly puberulent; short shoots absent; prickles absent. Leaves alternate, 60–160 mm long; stipules purplish brown, triangular, symmetrical, flattened, straight, herbaceous, 0.4–0.9 mm long, 0.3– 0.7 mm wide near the base, puberulent, tardily deciduous; petiole flat to rarely adaxially grooved, 8– 28 mm long, puberulent to rarely glabrous; petiolar gland solitary, located on the upper third of the petiole, usually just below the lowermost pinna pair, sessile, oval to orbicular, 0.7–1.8 mm across, apex flattened to depressed, glabrous; rachis flat to rarely adaxially grooved, 35–140 mm long, puberulent, an oval gland 0.4–1.3 mm across between the uppermost 1 to 7 pinna pairs, apex flattened to depressed, glabrous; pinnae (3) 5 to 16 pairs/leaf, 45–95 mm long, 5–10 mm between pinna pairs; paraphyllidia 0.1–0.3 mm long, usually absent; petiolule 0.7–2.2 mm long; leaflets 30 to 65 pairs/pinna, opposite, 0.7–1.6 mm between leaflet pairs, oblong, 4.5–9.5 <b>X</b> 0.9–2.1 mm, glabrous, lateral veins obvious, 1 to 3 veins from the base, base oblique, truncate on one side, margins not ciliate, apex acute to acuminate, midvein subcentral. Inflorescence a loosely 100- to 230-flowered cylindrical spike, 60–150 <b>X</b> 10– 15 mm, 1 to 4 from the leaf axils; peduncles 6–25 <b>X</b> 0.8–1.3 mm, puberulent; receptacle not enlarged, elongated; involucre absent; floral bracts spatulate, 0.3–0.7 mm long, puberulent, early deciduous. Flowers sessile, white to cream (yellowing with age); calyx 5- lobed, 0.7–1.5 mm long, puberulent; corolla 5-lobed, 1.8–2.4 mm long, usually puberulent, lobes 1/4 the length of the corolla; stamens 40 to 80; stamen filaments 4.5–7 mm long, distinct to rarely slightly fused at the base; anther glands present; ovary glabrous, sessile to subsessile, the stipe to 0.2 mm long. Legumes straight, flattened, not constricted between the seeds, oblong, 75–160 <b>X</b> 13–25 mm, coriaceous, transversely striated, glabrous, eglandular, tardily dehiscent along both sutures; stipe 2–7 mm long; apex broadly acute to obtuse, short beaked; seeds uniseriate, no pulp, dark brown, oval to oblong, strongly flattened, narrowly winged, 8–12 <b>X</b> 6–8 mm, smooth; pleurogram U-shaped to circular, covering most of the seed. <i>Habitat and distribution</i>. <i>Parasenegalia skleroxyla</i> is known from dry desert scrub, semi-dry forest, semi-arid pine forest, thorn-scrub thickets, disturbed second-growth forests, and thickets from sea level to 800 m in the Dominican Republic and Haiti. <i>Phenology</i>. <i>Parasenegalia</i> from March through August. <i>skleroxyla</i> flowers <i>Local names</i>. Local names include candelón, corbano, and taquito (Rico Arce, 2007). <i>IUCN Red List category</i>. <i>Parasenegalia skleroxyla</i> is assessed as Data Deficient (DD) at this time (IUCN, 2001). This is a common tree of Hispaniola, suggesting that the species is of Least Concern (LC). <i>Discussion</i>. A common tree endemic to the Dominican Republic and Haiti, <i>Parasenegalia skleroxyla</i> is sometimes confused with <i>P. muricata</i>. <i>Parasenegalia muricata,</i> however, has larger leaflets that exceed 1 0 mm in length, and are more than 4.5 mm wide. Also, <i>P. skleroxyla</i> has 3 0 to 6 5 leaflets/pinna, more than any other member of the genus <i>Parasenegalia</i>, other than <i>P. visco</i>, a species from southern South America with globose inflorescences. Barneby and Zanoni (1 9 8 9) observed that the correct orthography of the specific epithet is <i>skleroxyla</i>, as used by Tussac (1 8 0 8), not <i>scleroxyla</i>. <i>Specimens examined</i>. DOMINICAN REPUBLIC. <b>Azua:</b> 4 km S of Barrreras, 100 m, 14 July 1988, <i>H. D. Clarke &amp; R. Garc&amp;imath;á 28</i> (ILL, MO); 10 km en el trayecto Tabara Abajo- Barahona, 100–140 m, 30 June 1984, <i>R. Garc&amp;imath;á &amp; N. Alba 38</i> (MO); Sierra Mart&amp;imath;&amp;nacute; García, en el Poblado de Barrero, 175 m, 3 Sep. 1986, <i>R. Garc&amp;imath;á &amp; J. Pimentel 1683</i> (MO); Azua, 9 Mar. 1965, <i>Bro. B. A. Lavastre 1942</i> (NY); 5 km S of Poblado de Barrero, 30 m, 12 Nov. 1985, <i>J. Pimentel, R. García &amp; G. Caminero 320</i> (MO); 8 km S of Azua, 29 May 2006, <i>D. S. Seigler, J. T. Miller, C. Riggins, F. Axelrod &amp; T. Clase 14503</i> (ILL); 8 km S of Azua, 29 May 2006, <i>D. S. Seigler, J. T. Miller, C. Riggins, F. Axelrod &amp; T. Clase 14506</i> (ILL); betw. Azara &amp; Barahona, Feb. 1971, <i>F. Votava &amp; A. H. Liogier 56X</i> (MO); Sierra Mart&amp;imath;&amp;nacute; Garc&amp;imath;a,´W of Barrera, 150–200 m, 14 Nov. 1984, <i>T. Zanoni, M. Mejía, J. Pimentel &amp; R. García 32194</i> (FTG). <b>Barahona:</b> Apr. 1910, <i>M. Fuertes 187</i> (F, HBG, MO); Tubano, 19 Mar. 1922, <i>H. von Schrenk 20</i> (MO); 1 km up stream from mouth of Río Baoruco, 30 m, 20 May 1981, <i>T. Zanoni, M. Mej&amp;imath;á &amp; C. Ramírez 13481</i> (MO). <b>Distrito Nacional:</b> El Número, 150 m, 27 Apr. 1974, <i>A. H. Liogier &amp; P. Liogier 21615</i> (F, MO, NY). <b>Independencia:</b> 4 km NW of La Descubierta, 1250 ft., 15 Oct. 1981, <i>M. Mej&amp;imath;á &amp; J. Pimentel B. 17267</i> (FTG, MO); 2 km S Duvergé on rd. to Puerto Escondido, 40 m, 17 Aug. 1983, <i>T. Zanoni &amp; J. Pimentel 26472</i> (FTG, MO, NY); 4.7 km S Puerto Escondido, on the rd. to Caseta, 765 m, 20 Mar. 1985, <i>T. Zanoni, M. Mejía, J. Pimentel &amp; R. García 34044</i> (MO); 4–5 km S Puerto Escondido, on rd. to Aceitillar, 700–800 m, 10 May 1985, <i>T. Zanoni, M. Mej&amp;imath;a,´J. Pimentel &amp; R. Garc&amp;imath;á 34670</i> (MO). <b>La Altagracía:</b> en la entrada al pueblo de Bayahibe, 10–15 m, 12 June 1994, <i>R. Garc&amp;imath;a,´F. Jiménez &amp; A. Veloz 5594</i> (F); Bayahibe, 10–30 m, 15 May 1987, <i>T. Zanoni, J. Pimentel, R. Garc&amp;imath;á &amp; J. Salazar 39331</i> (FLAS, MO). <b>La Romana:</b> Isla Catalina, 0–10 m, 18 Dec. 1987, <i>T. Zanoni, M. Mejía, R. García &amp; B. Santana 37340</i> (NY). <b>Monte Cristi:</b> Duran, 390 m, 11 Aug. 1930, <i>E. J. Valeur 462</i> (F, MO, NY). <b>Pedernales:</b> Loma El Guano, 200 m, 12 Apr. 1985, <i>A. Gentry &amp; M. Mejía 50757</i> (MO); 5 km NW of Oviedo on rte. 44, 29 May 2006, <i>D. S. Seigler, J. T. Miller, C. Riggins, F. Axelrod &amp; T. Clase 14511</i> (ILL); 22 km E of Pedernales on rte. 44, 1 June 2006, <i>D. S. Seigler, J. T. Miller, C. Riggins, F. Axelrod &amp; T. Clase 14514</i> (ILL); Cabo Rojo, 10 m, 28 July 1990, <i>S. A. Thompson, J. E. Rawlins &amp; C. Young 7573</i> (CM); Cabo Rojo, Feb. 1971, <i>F. Votava &amp; A. H. Liogier 57X</i> (MO); un poco al S del puerto de Cabo Rojo, 25 m, 18 Sep. 1981, <i>T. Zanoni &amp; M. Mejía 16755</i> (MO); Loma El Guano, 200 m, 25 July 1983, <i>T.Zanoni &amp; J. Pimentel 26344</i> (FTG, MO); Los Quemados de Basilio, 200 m, 17 Oct. 1989, <i>T. Zanoni, J. Pimentel &amp; A. Cabral 43658</i> (MO). <b>Peravia:</b> Las Calderas, en Las Dunas, 0–5 m, 8 Feb. 1987, <i>R. Garc&amp;imath;a,´J. Pimentel &amp; E. García 1929</i> (MO); San José de Ocoa, El Manaclar, 700 m, 13 July 1978, <i>M. Mej&amp;imath;á 347</i> (MO); Cabeza de Toro, 9 km N of Baní, 800 ft., 6 May 1981, <i>M. Mejía, C. Ram&amp;imath;réz &amp; S. Pelaez 13254</i> (F, FTG, MO). <b>Santiago:</b> El Castillo, Rincón Largo, 200 m, 28 July 1968, <i>J. J. Jiménez 5515</i> (NY); en la orilla del R&amp;imath;ó Guanajuma, 225 m, 24 Apr. 1991, <i>T. Zanoni &amp; J. Hager 45102</i> (MO). <b>San Juan:</b> Candelón, 1938, <i>J. G. Scarff 4</i> (F); López, Candelón, 8 May 1887, <i>von Eggers 1832</i> (BM, HBG). HAITI. <b>Artibonite:</b> vic. of Gros Morne, 235 m, 19 Feb. 1926, <i>E. C. Leonard 10002</i> (CM). <b>Nord-Ouest:</b> Port-de-Paix, 29 June 1925, <i>E. L. Ekman 4432</i> (F, MO); Mole Rd., vic. of Jean- Rabel, 27 Jan.–9 Feb. 1929, <i>E. C. Leonard &amp; G. M. Leonard 12617</i> (MO); 10 km E of Baie de Henne, 40 m, 10 June 1985, <i>T. Zanoni, M. Mejía &amp; R. Garc&amp;imath;á 35085</i> (NY). <b>Ouest:</b> hills N of Glore, 600 m, 22 July 1924, <i>E. L. Ekman 1057</i> (DAV, MO); Ile La Gonave, Pointe-à-Raguettes, 10 Aug. 1927, <i>E. L. Ekman 8867</i> (DAV); Gonave Island, near Saline Madame Doisy Pointe-à-Raquette, 10 Aug. 1927, <i>J. Eyerdam 144</i> (F). <b>Sud-Est:</b> vic. of La Vallée, Tortue Island, 28 Dec. 1928–9 Jan. 1929, <i>E. C. Leonard &amp; G. N. Leonard 11281</i> (NY).
description: Published as part of <i>Seigler, David S., Ebinger, John E., Riggins, Chance W., Terra, Vanessa &amp; Miller, Joseph T., 2017, Parasenegalia and Pseudosenegalia (Fabaceae): New Genera of the Mimosoideae, pp. 180-205 in Novon 25</i> on pages 191-192, DOI: 10.3417/2015050, http://zenodo.org/record/2561467
description: {"references": ["Tussac, F. R. de. 1808. Flores des Antilles, ou Histoire Generale, Vol. 1. Apud Autorem et F. Schoell, Paris.", "Rico Arce, M. de L. 2007. American Species of Acacia. A Checklist and Synopsis of American Species of Acacia (Leguminosae: Mimosoideae). CONABIO, Mexico City.", "IUCN. 2001. IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria, 3.1. Prepared by the IUCN Species Survival Commission. IUNC, Gland, Switzerland, and Cambridge, United Kingdom."]}