cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Resistance in Enterobacterales Is Higher among People Living with Human Immunodeficiency Virus
Creators: name: Henderson, H.I.
name: Gower, E.W.
name: Napravnik, S.
name: Aiello, A.E.
name: Wohl, D.A.
name: Kinlaw, A.C.
name: Van Duin, D.
name: Williams, B.
Publisher: name: Oxford University Press
Year: 2022

description: Background: Multidrug-resistant Enterobacterales (MDR-E) are important pathogens. People living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV; PLWH) may be at greater risk for MDR-E infection given relatively high antibiotic exposure and burden of comorbidities. Methods: We analyzed data from 36 521 patients in a healthcare system in North Carolina who had a clinical culture with growth of an Enterobacterales species from 2000 to 2018; 440 were PLWH. We used generalized linear models to estimate prevalence ratios and differences, contrasting PLWH and people not living with HIV (PNLWH) for resistance to individual antibiotic classes, as well as MDR-E. We assessed trends in prevalence over time by calculating the 5-year moving average and fitting restricted cubic spline models. Results: The overall prevalence of MDR-E was higher among PLWH (21.5%; 95% confidence interval [CI], 18.2%-25.1%) vs PNLWH (16.5%; 95% CI, 16.2%-16.9%), with an adjusted prevalence ratio of 1.38 (95% CI, 1.14-1.65). PLWH had higher rates of antimicrobial resistance than PNLWH for all antibiotic classes analyzed, including penicillins, penicillin/beta lactamase inhibitor combinations, and sulfonamides. MDR-E prevalence was 3 to 10 percentage points higher among PLWH than PNLWH throughout the study period based on the 5-year moving average. Conclusions: In a large clinical study population in the southeastern United States from 2000 to 2018, the prevalence of antibacterial resistance among Enterobacterales was consistently higher among PLWH than PNLWH. These data highlight the importance of identifying and mitigating the factors that contribute to antimicrobial resistance in PLWH, given the potential clinical consequences of these resistant pathogens.
Die Sünde Adams im Lichte der Erlösungstat Christi nach Röm 5,12-21
Creators: name: Kertelge, Karl
Publisher: name: Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio
Year: 2022

description: Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio, Bd. 20 Nr. 4 (1991): Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio, Band 20, Heft 4
An effective model for the QCD phase transitions at finite baryon density
Creators: name: Benic, Sanjin
name: Mishustin, Igor
name: Sasaki, Chihiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce an effective quark-meson-nucleon model for the QCD phase transitions at finite baryon density. The nucleon and the quark degrees of freedom are described within a unified framework of a chiral linear sigma model. The deconfinement transition is modeled through a simple modification of the distribution functions of nucleons and quarks, where an additional auxiliary field, the bag field, is introduced. The bag field plays a key role in converting between the nucleon and the quark degrees of freedom. The model predicts that the chiral and the deconfinement phase transitions are always separated. Depending on the model parameters, the chiral transition occurs in the baryon density range of $(1.5-15.5)n_0$, while the deconfinement transition occurs above $5 n_0$, where $n_0$ is the saturation density.
description: References added, some points further elaborated, main conclusions unchanged, accepted in Phys Rev D
The concept and measurement of continuity in primary care.
Creators: name: Rogers, J
name: Curtis, P
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1980

description: Continuity of care, a stated fundamental principle of family medicine, is reviewed in terms of its philosophy and definitions. A model of continuity in primary medical practice is proposed, consisting of five elements: the provider, consumer, encounter type, knowledge base, and environment of continuity. The elements are measurable, some more easily than others. There is need to define and operationalize the model more accurately in order to evaluate continuity in primary care medicine.
Überschattet vom Baum der Erkenntnis
Creators: name: Ravasi, Gianfranco
Publisher: name: Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio
Year: 2022

description: Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio, Bd. 20 Nr. 4 (1991): Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio, Band 20, Heft 4
Ererbte Schuld - ererbte Sehnsucht
Creators: name: Greiner, Maximilian
Publisher: name: Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio
Year: 2022

description: Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio, Bd. 20 Nr. 4 (1991): Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio, Band 20, Heft 4
Principal Sensitivity Analysis
Creators: name: Koyamada, Sotetsu
name: Koyama, Masanori
name: Nakae, Ken
name: Ishii, Shin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We present a novel algorithm (Principal Sensitivity Analysis; PSA) to analyze the knowledge of the classifier obtained from supervised machine learning techniques. In particular, we define principal sensitivity map (PSM) as the direction on the input space to which the trained classifier is most sensitive, and use analogously defined k-th PSM to define a basis for the input space. We train neural networks with artificial data and real data, and apply the algorithm to the obtained supervised classifiers. We then visualize the PSMs to demonstrate the PSA's ability to decompose the knowledge acquired by the trained classifiers.
Role of local health departments in the delivery of ambulatory care.
Creators: name: Kotch, J B
name: Moos, M K
name: Miller, C A
name: Brown, M L
name: Brainard, M P
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1981

description: Many people (40 per cent) receive each year some personal health service provided by local health departments. A substantial number of poor children (50 per cent) look to public agencies including health departments for all or part of their medical care. A number of departments including those represented in this study come close to serving as the guarantor of basic medical care for entire constituent populations, reaching those people who are not reached by other provider systems. Health departments over the past decade have increased their involvement as providers of medical care, in part assisted by such federal initiatives as WIC, and Medicaid. Health departments have institutionalized many of the innovations generated by federal demonstration projects of the 1960s, and continue a tradition as centers of important innovation in styles and continuity of health care. The health departments studied are notable in many respects, not the least of which is their constructive relationship with private providers. Some health departments appear to function at high levels of effectiveness in a dual fashion alongside private provider systems. Other departments interact or accommodate with private providers in ways that appear beneficial to the populations they serve. It would appear that both public and private provider systems are essential, and that they need not compete; they can provide mutual reinforcement for achieving universal and equitable health services in the public interest.
Comparison of vertical cup-to-disc ratio estimates using stereoscopic and monoscopic cameras
Creators: name: Budenz, D.L.
name: Gower, E.W.
name: Fleischman, D.
name: Tulenko, S.E.
name: Mwanza, J.-C.
name: Shrestha, R.
Publisher: name: Springer Nature
Year: 2021

description: Background: The use of monoscopic cameras for glaucoma screening is increasing due to their portability, lower cost, and non-mydriatic capabilities. However, it is important to compare the accuracy of such devices with stereoscopic cameras that are used clinically and are considered the gold standard in optic disc assessment. The aim of this study is to compare vertical cup-to-disc ratio (VCDR) estimates obtained using images taken with a monoscopic and stereoscopic camera. Methods: Participants were selected from the Tema Eye Survey. Eligible subjects had images of at least one eye taken with two cameras. They were classified as meeting the glaucoma threshold if an eye had a VCDR estimate >97.5th percentile, corresponding to >0.725 for this population. Hence, we used 0.725 as the cutoff to group eyes into two categories: positive and negative. We calculated sensitivity, specificity, and predictive values of VCDR assessed by expert readers at a reading center for monoscopic photos using stereoscopic photos as the gold standard. Results: Three hundred and seventy-nine eyes of 206 participants were included in the study. Most participants were female (60.2%) and the most common age group was 50–59 years (36.4%). Sixteen eyes met the glaucoma threshold (VCDR > 0.725). Of these, the VCDR estimates of 14 eyes (87.5%) disagreed on the glaucoma threshold from the two cameras. The sensitivity to detect glaucoma with the monoscopic camera was 14.3% (95% CI: 4.0, 40.3). Conclusions: The low sensitivity of monoscopic photos suggests that stereoscopic photos are more useful in the diagnosis of glaucoma.
Unitary deformations of counterdiabatic driving
Creators: name: Takahashi, Kazutaka
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study a deformation of the counterdiabatic-driving Hamiltonian as a systematic strategy for an adiabatic control of quantum states. Using a unitary transformation, we design a convenient form of the driver Hamiltonian. We apply the method to a particle in a confining potential and discrete systems to find explicit forms of the Hamiltonian and discuss the general properties. The method is derived by using the quantum brachistochrone equation, which shows the existence of a nontrivial dynamical invariant in the deformed system.
description: 10 pages, 3 figures; revised
Probing local electronic and geometric changes of hydrated calcium vanadium oxide (CaxV2O5·yH2O) upon Zn ion intercalation
Creators: name: Patridge, Christopher
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Inorganic Chemistry

description: An interesting nanostructured non-stoichiometric vanadium oxide bronze (CaxV2O5•yH2O) is incorporated as the active material in an aqueous zinc-ion intercalation device. Simple solvothermal synthesis route produces highly crystalline and strongly oriented nanobelt structures as characterized by microscopy. Upon cycling, the cathode materials are recovered for an X-ray absorption investigation of local electronic and geometric changes for both the host vanadium oxide and the intercalated zinc ion as a function of voltage. This multi-edge study presents changes in Zn–O coordination and suggests Zn-ion occupancy site through theoretical calculations. The layered vanadium host shows gradual oxidation state reduction from charge density donation during intercalation while the Zn ion maintains the +2 oxidation state. The findings add understanding to the mechanisms involved in aqueous electrochemical storage devices.
Wh- Questions in Ihanzu with a Special Focus on the Influence of Noun Classes on Wh- Words
Creators: name: Walter, Maren
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Languages of Tanzania
Tanzanian Rift Valley
Ihanzu
Takama
Bantu
Questions

description: A discussion of wh- questions in Ihanzu, with a special focus on the influence of noun classes on wh- words , based on data collected with Nicolas Nalingigwa Gideon during the course "Linguistic Field Methods".
description: Note: This talk has not gone through a process of peer review, and findings should therefore be treated as preliminary and subject to change. Acknowledgement and citation: Walter, Maren. 2022. Wh- Questions in Ihanzu with a Special Focus on the Influence of Noun Classes on Wh- Words. Talk given at the Ihanzu Symposium, Bielefeld University, Germany. 29/09/2022.
An evaluation of subsidized rural primary care programs: II. The environmental contexts.
Creators: name: Ricketts, T C
name: Konrad, T R
name: Wagner, E H
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1983

description: The placement of subsidized primary care programs in rural communities has been an important aspect of national health policy over the last decade. Using survey and secondary data from programs in over 700 counties in the United States, it was found that while about one-fourth of all counties with some rural populations have been affected by these programs, certain environmental factors are associated with more or less likelihood of placement. High levels of need and low levels of health care resources are positively associated with the presence of a program. States with health policy climates supportive of reimbursement and broader staffing of primary care programs also contained programs in a higher proportion of their rural counties. The effects of decreased federal funding, increased state responsibility, and the precarious market conditions for primary care programs are discussed with emphasis on the mechanisms for developing favorable climates for these programs.
Prevalence of self-reported depressive symptoms in young adolescents.
Creators: name: Kaplan, B H
name: Miller, F T
name: Grimson, R C
name: Wagner, E H
name: Schoenbach, V J
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1983

description: Les résultats indiquent la possibilité d'utiliser une échelle de symptômes remplie par le malade lui-même pour mesurer les symptômes dépressifs chez les jeunes adolescents. Les symptômes transitoires mentionnés par les adolescents reflètent probablement leur stade de développement mais les symptômes persistents ont vraisemblablement une importance psychiatrique sociale.
Quintessential inflation with canonical and noncanonical scalar fields and Planck 2015 results
Creators: name: Geng, Chao-Qiang
name: Hossain, Md. Wali
name: Myrzakulov, R.
name: Sami, M.
name: Saridakis, Emmanuel N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate two classes of models of quintessential inflation, based upon canonical as well as noncanonical scalar fields. In particular, introducing potentials steeper than the standard exponential, we construct models that can give rise to a successful inflationary phase, with signatures consistent with Planck 2015 results. Additionally, using nonminimal coupling of the scalar field with massive neutrino matter, we obtain the standard thermal history of the Universe, with late-time cosmic acceleration as the last stage of evolution. In both cases, inflation and late-time acceleration are connected by a tracker solution.
description: 13 pages, 18 figures, minor clarifications added and refs updated, to appear in PRD
Predicting doxorubicin drug delivery by single-walled carbon nanotube through cell membrane in the absence and presence of nicotine molecules: a molecular dynamics simulation study
Creators: name: Pakdel, Majid
name: Heidar Raissi
name: Shahabi, Mahnaz
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: In order to study the interaction of the anticancer agent Doxorubicin with the single-walled carbon nanotubes with different diameters as drug delivery systems, the molecular dynamics (MD) simulations have been used. Also, for design and development of intracellular Doxorubicin drug delivery systems, a series of steered MD simulations are applied to explore the possibility of encapsulated Doxorubicin–carbon nanotube penetration through a lipid bilayer in presence and absence of Nicotine molecules at different pulling rates. Our simulation results showed that in spite of the adsorption of drug molecules on the outer sidewall of the nanotubes, the spontaneous localization of one Doxorubicin molecule into the cavity of the nanovectors with larger diameters is observed. It is found that the presence of Nicotine molecules in extracellular medium increases the required force for pulling nanotube-encapsulated drug as well as the required time for penetration process, especially at higher velocity. Also, the entering process of the Nicotine molecules into the carbon nanotube causes that the encapsulated drug molecule is fully released in the hydrophobic phase of the lipid bilayer. Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma
An empiric study of ecological inference.
Creators: name: Connor, M J
name: Gillings, D
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1984

description: Aggregate-level (macro) data are sometimes used when examining health care issues. Although they may be more accessible than individual (micro) observations, their interpretation is subject to ecological bias which in most cases is not measurable. This paper examines the implications of using aggregate-level data by conducting two separate analyses (micro and macro). Using as a database hospital episodes of care for the North Carolina Medicare aged population, regression models are developed from an examination of geographic grouping effects to explore the impact of extended care services, skilled nursing facility, and home health agency care on acute care hospital days. Specific problems encountered are: variable definition, collinearity , variance reduction, dilution of effect, spurious correlation, and observation influence. Stronger collinear (correlation among independent variables) relations occur at the macro-level than at the micro-level and spurious macro-correlations result from model specification and definition of interaction effects.
Warum ich als Frau in der Kirche bleibe
Creators: name: Gerl-Falkovitz, Hanna-Barbara
Publisher: name: Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio
Year: 2022

description: Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio, Bd. 20 Nr. 3 (1991): Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio, Band 20, Heft 3
Infant formula promotion and infant-feeding practices, Bicol region, Philippines.
Creators: name: Griffin, C C
name: Popkin, B M
name: Spicer, D S
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1984

description: A 1978 household survey and a 1981 survey of stores and health facilities document the availability of breast milk substitutes, promotion of infant food and formula through the medical sector, and the effects of such promotion on the infant-feeding practices of mothers in the Bicol region of the Philippines. Breast milk substitutes were universally available in the region. Infant food and formula companies were active in the modern medical sector with promotional efforts that included distributing free formula samples, providing pamphlets and posters, and organizing professional meetings. Industry activities had mixed effects on health professionals' knowledge of breast-feeding and attitudes towards the practice. Activities of multinationals tended not to affect mothers' breast-feeding behavior directly but increased the probability of their introducing breast milk substitutes within the first six months, and thus in practicing a program of mixed feeding.
Topological Data Analysis of Biological Aggregation Models
Creators: name: Topaz, Chad M.
name: Ziegelmeier, Lori
name: Halverson, Tom
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We apply tools from topological data analysis to two mathematical models inspired by biological aggregations such as bird flocks, fish schools, and insect swarms. Our data consists of numerical simulation output from the models of Vicsek and D'Orsogna. These models are dynamical systems describing the movement of agents who interact via alignment, attraction, and/or repulsion. Each simulation time frame is a point cloud in position-velocity space. We analyze the topological structure of these point clouds, interpreting the persistent homology by calculating the first few Betti numbers. These Betti numbers count connected components, topological circles, and trapped volumes present in the data. To interpret our results, we introduce a visualization that displays Betti numbers over simulation time and topological persistence scale. We compare our topological results to order parameters typically used to quantify the global behavior of aggregations, such as polarization and angular momentum. The topological calculations reveal events and structure not captured by the order parameters.
description: 25 pages, 12 figures; second version contains typo corrections, minor textual additions, and a brief discussion of computational complexity; third version fixes one typo and adds small paragraph about topological stability
Systolic blood pressure and 6-year mortality in South Africa: a country-wide, population-based cohort study
Creators: name: Ali, M.K.
name: Gower, E.W.
name: Wagner, R.G.
name: Bijlsma, M.J.
name: Diallo, A.O.
name: Geldsetzer, P.
name: Davies, J.
name: Sudharsanan, N.
name: Mukama, T.
Publisher: name: Elsevier Ltd
Year: 2021

description: Background: Improving hypertension control is an important global health priority, yet, to our knowledge, there is no direct evidence on the relationship between blood pressure and mortality in sub-Saharan Africa. We aimed to investigate the relationship between systolic blood pressure and mortality in South Africa and to assess the comparative effectiveness of different systolic blood pressure targets for clinical care and population-wide hypertension management efforts. Methods: In this country-wide, population-based cohort study, we used longitudinal data on adults aged 30 years and older from five waves (2008, 2010–11, 2012, 2014–15, and 2017) of the South African National Income Dynamics Study. We estimated the relationship between systolic blood pressure and 6-year all-cause mortality and compared the mortality reductions associated with lowering systolic blood pressure to different targets (120 mm Hg, 130 mm Hg, 140 mm Hg, 150 mm Hg). We also estimated the mean blood pressure reduction required to achieve each target, the share of the population in need of management, and the number needed to treat (NNT) to avert one death under different hypothetical population-wide scale-up scenarios. Findings: Of the 8338 age-eligible respondents in the 2010–11 survey, 4993 had all required data and were included in our study. We found a weak, non-linear relationship between systolic blood pressure and 6-year mortality, with larger incremental mortality benefits at higher systolic blood pressure values: reducing systolic blood pressure from 160 mm Hg to 150 mm Hg was associated with a relative risk of mortality of 0·95 (95% CI 0·90 to 0·99; p=0·033), reducing systolic blood pressure from 150 mm Hg to 140 mm Hg had a relative risk of 0·96 (0·91 to 1·01; p=0·12), with no evidence of incremental benefits of reducing systolic blood pressure below 140 mm Hg. At the population level, reducing systolic blood pressure to 150 mm Hg among all those with a starting systolic blood pressure of more than 150 mm Hg was associated with the lowest NNT (n=50), 3·3 deaths averted (95% CI −0·6 to 0·3) per 1000 population, blood pressure management for 16% (95% CI 15·2 to 17·3) of individuals, and a −2·7 mm Hg mean change in systolic blood pressure required to achieve the 150 mm Hg scale-up target (−3·0 to −2·5; p<0·0001). Interpretation: The relationship between systolic blood pressure and mortality is weaker in South Africa than in high-income and many low-income and middle-income countries. As such, we do not find compelling evidence in support of targets below 140 mm Hg and find that scaling up management based on a 150 mm Hg target is more efficient in terms of the NNT compared with strategies to reduce systolic blood pressure to lower values. Funding: None
The Edgecombe County High Blood Pressure Control Program: I. Correlates of uncontrolled hypertension at baseline.
Creators: name: Kleinbaum, D G
name: James, S A
name: Ibrahim, M A
name: Williams, C A
name: Grimson, R C
name: Cutchin, L M
name: Strogatz, D S
name: Beresford, S A
name: Wagner, E H
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1984

description: To guide the planning of a multifacetted hypertension control program in Edgecombe County, North Carolina, a baseline survey of a stratified (by township) random sample of 1,000 households was conducted. All adults (greater than or equal to 18 years) were interviewed and had their blood pressures (BP) measured. Five hundred thirty-nine individuals, 27 per cent of the survey population, had diastolic BP greater than or equal to 90 mm Hg or were receiving anti-hypertensive drug therapy. The 539 hypertensives were divided into seven subgroups reflecting successive stages in the control of hypertension based on the awareness, treatment, and control of their hypertension. Unaware hypertensives were further subdivided into three groups according to the recency of their last BP check, and those aware but untreated were subdivided by whether they had previously received treatment. The seven subgroups of hypertensives were compared, separately for women and men, with respect to sociodemographic characteristics, he...
Measure of combined effects of morphological parameters of inclusions within composite materials via stochastic homogenization to determine effective mechanical properties
Creators: name: Salnikov, Vladimir
name: Lemaitre, Sophie
name: Choï, Daniel
name: Karamian-Surville, Philippe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science (cs.CE)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In our previous papers we have described efficient and reliable methods of generation of representative volume elements (RVE) perfectly suitable for analysis of composite materials via stochastic homogenization. In this paper we profit from these methods to analyze the influence of the morphology on the effective mechanical properties of the samples. More precisely, we study the dependence of main mechanical characteristics of a composite medium on various parameters of the mixture of inclusions composed of spheres and cylinders. On top of that we introduce various imperfections to inclusions and observe the evolution of effective properties related to that. The main computational approach used throughout the work is the FFT-based homogenization technique, validated however by comparison with the direct finite elements method. We give details on the features of the method and the validation campaign as well. Keywords: Composite materials, Cylindrical and spherical reinforcements, Mechanical properties, Stochastic homogenization.
description: 23 pages, updated figures, version accepted to Composite Structures 2015
Emergent geometry experienced by fermions in graphene in the presence of dislocations
Creators: name: Volovik, G. E.
name: Zubkov, M. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In graphene in the presence of strain the elasticity theory metric naturally appears. However, this is not the one experienced by fermionic quasiparticles. Fermions propagate in curved space, whose metric is defined by expansion of the effective Hamiltonian near the topologically protected Fermi point. We discuss relation between both types of metric for different parametrizations of graphene surface. Next, we extend our consideration to the case, when the dislocations are present. We consider the situation, when the deformation is described by elasticity theory and calculate both torsion and emergent magnetic field carried by the dislocation. The dislocation carries singular torsion in addition to the quantized flux of emergent magnetic field. Both may be observed in the scattering of quasiparticles on the dislocation. Emergent magnetic field flux manifests itself in the Aharonov - Bohm effect while the torsion singularity results in Stodolsky effect.
description: Accepted for publication in Annals of Physics
Kommentar zu La Civiltà Cattolica "Der Krieg ist ein Abenteuer ohne Rückkehr"
Creators: name: Kielinger, Thomas
Publisher: name: Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio
Year: 2022

description: Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio, Bd. 20 Nr. 3 (1991): Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio, Band 20, Heft 3
Water supply and health in developing countries: selective primary health care revisited.
Creators: name: Briscoe, J
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1984

description: Evaluation de l'inclusion des programmes d'adduction et d'assainissement de l'eau dans les soins de santé primaire: étude du coût par chaque mort d'enfant ainsi prévenue.
Snapscreen Clip Share: Utilizing Computer Vision to Bridge TV and Social Media
Creators: name: Willomitzer, Thomas
name: Tracy, Tyler
name: Rumler, Markus
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 80602 Computer-Human Interaction
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: This demonstration showcases Snapscreen Clip Share: a second-screen technology for seamless identification and social sharing of live or recorded TV content. With Clip Share, app users take a snapshot of their viewing screen to generate a broadcast-quality clip of the current program instantly on their mobile device; then, users rewind through the retrieved segment, trim the beginning and end of their clip, add a personal message to kick-off discussion, and share the clip through a range of messaging apps and social media platforms. Where existing clip solutions allow broadcasters and rights-holders to produce clips from broadcast content, Clip Share facilitates fast and easy clipping for app users in order to drive content distribution and recirculation by viewers themselves. Leveraging computer vision to streamline clip creation and sharing provides an intuitive bridge between TV content and social media interactions.
Trachoma
Creators: name: Oldenburg, C.E.
name: Harding-Esch, E.M.
name: Traoré, L.
name: Burton, M.J.
name: Taylor, H.R.
name: Gower, E.W.
name: Solomon, A.W.
Publisher: name: Nature Research
Year: 2022

description: Trachoma is a neglected tropical disease caused by infection with conjunctival strains of Chlamydia trachomatis. It can result in blindness. Pathophysiologically, trachoma is a disease complex composed of two linked chronic processes: a recurrent, generally subclinical infectious–inflammatory disease that mostly affects children, and a non-communicable, cicatricial and, owing to trichiasis, eventually blinding disease that supervenes in some individuals later in life. At least 150 infection episodes over an individual’s lifetime are needed to precipitate trichiasis; thus, opportunity exists for a just global health system to intervene to prevent trachomatous blindness. Trachoma is found at highest prevalence in the poorest communities of low-income countries, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa; in June 2021, 1.8 million people worldwide were going blind from the disease. Blindness attributable to trachoma can appear in communities many years after conjunctival C. trachomatis transmission has waned or ceased; therefore, the two linked disease processes require distinct clinical and public health responses. Surgery is offered to individuals with trichiasis and antibiotic mass drug administration and interventions to stimulate facial cleanliness and environmental improvement are designed to reduce infection prevalence and transmission. Together, these interventions comprise the SAFE strategy, which is achieving considerable success. Although much work remains, a continuing public health problem from trachoma in the year 2030 will be difficult for the world to excuse.
A controlled evaluation of rural regional perinatal care: impact on mortality and morbidity.
Creators: name: Gillings, D
name: Guild, P
name: Siegel, E
name: Campbell, S
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1985

description: The impact of a rural regional perinatal care (RPC) program was assessed by a quasi-experimental, controlled, population-based design. Outcome measures included changes in five-year average fetal and neonatal mortality rates as well as short-term obstetric and newborn morbidity. Declines in fetal and neonatal as well as birthweight specific mortality rates were observed for both pilot and control regions, for both races, and especially for 1501-2500 g infants. However, comparisons of preprogram (1966-74) and postprogram (1975-80) average yearly changes showed no statistically significant differences between regions. While the incidence of prenatal morbidity was the same for both regions, intrapartum and newborn morbidity significantly favored the pilot region. These results were difficult to interpret. Program relevant implications of the findings in relation to rural RPC in North Carolina are discussed. Specific benefits appeared to be associated with the development of two high-risk maternity clinics and a Level II center capability in the pilot region. The importance of community support and public/private sector cooperation in relation to RPC is noted.
Multipartite unextendible entangled basis
Creators: name: Guo, Yu
name: Jia, Yanping
name: Li, Xiulan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The unextendible entangled basis with any arbitrarily given Schmidt number $k$ (UEBk) in $\mathbb{C}^{d_1}\otimes\mathbb{C}^{d_2}$ is proposed in [Phys. Rev. A 90 (2014) 054303], $1
description: 16 pages. Some minors are corrected
title: «Мечтаю писать о возникновении и расцвете Древней Руси»: к вопросу об изучении Великого Новгорода в чешской историографии
Creators: name: Vysloužilová, Dagmar
Publisher: name: Новгородский государственный университет имени Ярослава Мудрого (НовГУ)
Year: 2022

description: Анализ чешской историографии показывает, что изучение новгородской истории в разные периоды развития Чешского государства было неравномерным, т.к. во многом на исследовательский интерес оказывали воздействие социально-политические события в Чехии и настроения в обществе. Несмотря на традиционные отношения со славянскими государствами и длительные дипломатически связи, первые научные труды по истории России появились на чешском языке только во второй половине XIX в. Помимо минувших политических событий, на проблематику исследований, а также на местами искаженную трактовку новгородской истории, влиял ограниченный доступ к научной литературе и отсутствие переводов исторических источников как таковых. В связи с чем, в данной статье автор представил детальный обзор чешской историографии, посвященной истории Великого Новгорода, с выделением наиболее перспективных векторов для чешской науки в настоящее время.
Cost savings from a policy to diagnose and prevent transmission of adenoviral conjunctivitis in employees of a large academic medical center
Creators: name: Gower, E.W.
name: Kuo, I.C.
Publisher: name: American Medical Association
Year: 2021

description: IMPORTANCE Adenoviral conjunctivitis is highly contagious, can be associated with systemic infections, and can cause chronic visual impairment. It accounts for a large proportion of acute conjunctivitis. Outbreaks of epidemic keratoconjunctivitis (EKC) are costly in terms of productivity loss from work furloughs and spread to patients and have resulted in clinic and departmental closures. OBJECTIVE To examine the institutional cost savings of a policy to diagnose adenoviral conjunctivitis and triage and furlough medical center employees with this condition to prevent outbreaks. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS This quality improvement study assessed Johns Hopkins Medicine employees with red eye from November 1, 2011, through October 31, 2018, who were triaged at the occupational health clinic whose conditions were diagnosed using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) validated for adenoviral conjunctivitis. INTERVENTIONS Only employees with positive PCR test results were furloughed, with furlough length tailored to subtype (a minimum of 2 weeks for EKC and 1 week otherwise). MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Total number of furloughs avoided and cost savings associated with reducing unnecessary furloughs. RESULTS Of 2142 employees with red eye, 1520 (71.0%) underwent PCR testing; 130 (8.6%) had positive adenoviral PCR test results, of whom 41 (31.5%) had EKC. Furloughing 130 employees with positive PCR test results vs furloughing all 1520 employees clinically suspected of having adenoviral conjunctivitis represented an estimated annual savings of $442 073, or $3 094 511 during 7 years. The cost of performing PCR on employees suspected of having adenoviral conjunctivitis was 5.0% of the cost associated with furloughing all employees with red eye. No outbreaks occurred. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE In this quality improvement study, this policy, notable for development and use of PCR for adenoviral conjunctivitis on a large scale, resulted in substantial cost savings from fewer work furloughs compared with the number of employees who would have been furloughed based on clinical diagnosis. These results may provide impetus for policy adoption by other institutions and for development of a rapid, sensitive, and specific diagnostic test for adenoviral conjunctivitis.
Der Krieg - Aufsätze zur Situation unserer Welt
Creators: name: Greiner, Maximilian
Publisher: name: Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio
Year: 2022

description: Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio, Bd. 20 Nr. 3 (1991): Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio, Band 20, Heft 3
A Note on the Sagnac Effect for Matter Beams
Creators: name: Ruggiero, Matteo Luca
name: Tartaglia, Angelo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the Sagnac effect for matter beams, in order to estimate the kinematic corrections to the basic formula, deriving from the position and the extent of the interferometer, and discuss the analogy with the Aharonov-Bohm effect. We show that the formula for the Sagnac time delay is the same for matter and light beams in arbitrary stationary space-times, provided that a suitable condition on the speed of the beams is fulfilled. Hence, the same results obtained for light beams apply to matter beams.
description: 5 Pages, REVTeX; revised to match the version accepted for publication in The European Physical Journal - Plus
Cancer risk in adulthood from early life exposure to parents' smoking.
Creators: name: Everson, R B
name: Sandler, D P
name: Wilcox, A J
name: Browder, J P
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1985

description: We obtained data on smoking by parents from 438 cancer cases and 470 controls to investigate whether cancer risk in adult life is related to transplacental or childhood exposure to cigarette smoke. Cancer cases were between ages 15 and 59 at time of diagnosis. All sites but basal cell cancer of the skin were included. Cancer risk was increased 50 per cent among offspring of men who smoked. Increased risk associated with father's smoking was not explained by demographic factors, social class, or individual smoking habits, and was not limited to known smoking related sites. Relative risk (RR) estimates associated with father's smoking tended to be greatest for smokers, males, and non-Whites. There was only a slight increase in overall cancer risk associated with maternal smoking. Mother's and father's smoking were both associated with risk for hematopoietic cancers, and a dose-response relationship was seen. The RR for hematopoietic cancers increased from 1.7 when one parent smoked to 4.6 when both parents smoked. Although they should be considered tentative, study findings suggest a long-term hazard from transplacental or childhood passive exposure to cigarette smoke.
Secure Distributed Inference
Creators: name: Chen, Yuan
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 90699 Electrical and Electronic Engineering not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: The Internet of Things brings about many applications where networks of devices collectively gather and process data
for insight. The devices, however, are vulnerable to cyber attacks that compromise their processing capabilities and
jeopardize their objectives. This thesis studies secure distributed inference in adversarial settings. We focus on distributed estimation, where networked entities measure an unknown parameter – for example, a team of robots sensing
an unknown environment, or a network of smart meters collecting data about the electricity grid – and process their
local measurements and information obtained from neighboring devices to estimate its value. Powerful adversaries manipulate the devices’ processing and communication protocols and compromise the data that they collect. Through coordinated cyber-attacks, the adversary may arbitrarily control the behavior of some of the devices. Without proper countermeasures, these attacks propagate throughout the network and lead to dangerous and catastrophic outcomes. In this thesis, we design resilient distributed estimation algorithms that mitigate the effect of cyber-attacks. We propose a distributed method to explicitly detect adversarial communications between devices. The detector alerts devices to malicious information they receive from their neighbors and prevents malicious entities from misleading the estimation procedure. Further, we develop a resilient distributed estimator that resists measurement attacks, cyberattacks that manipulate devices’ measurements of the unknown parameter. Our resilient estimator ensures that, even though some measurements are pathologically altered, through cooperation, all of the devices consistently estimate
the unknown parameter. The algorithms we design in this thesis establish performance guarantees for distributed
estimation in adversarial settings. Finally, we illustrate the performance of our algorithms and verify our theoretical
results through simulation examples.
Childhood injuries in North Carolina: a statewide analysis of hospitalizations and deaths.
Creators: name: Kotch, J B
name: Runyan, C W
name: Buescher, P A
name: Margolis, L H
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1985

description: We report the nature and causes of childhood injuries leading to hospitalization or death in North Carolina. Based on an 89 per cent sample of 1980 hospital discharges of children between 0 and 19 years of age, the overall annual rate of trauma-related hospitalizations was 80 per 10,000. The rate varied from 119 per 10,000 for the 15-19 year age group to 56 per 10,000 for children between ages 5 and 9. Hospitalization rates are lower than those reported elsewhere, although death rates, based on a seven-year period, are higher in the data reported here. Potential reasons for these differences are suggested.
Effects of the North Carolina Prematurity Prevention Program among public patients delivering at New Hanover Memorial Hospital.
Creators: name: Covington, D L
name: Daley, J G
name: Cushing, D
name: Churchill, M P
name: Carl, J
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1988

description: Twelve per cent of the 487 women who delivered in one hospital prior to implementation of the North Carolina Prematurity Prevention Program had low-birthweight births compared with 9.5 per cent of the 748 women who delivered during the program. Controlling for known risk factors, both low- and very-low birthweight births among Whites (Odds Ratio 2.0 and 3.7 respectively) and very-low-birthweight births among Blacks (OR 2.9) were reduced.
Physical activity and coronary heart disease among asymptomatic hypercholesterolemic men (the Lipid Research Clinics Coronary Primary Prevention Trial).
Creators: name: Johnson, J L
name: LaRosa, J C
name: Hyde, J S
name: Siscovick, D S
name: Ekelund, L G
name: Gordon, D J
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1988

description: We examined the relation between reported regular strenuous exercise or hard physical labor and the incidence of coronary heart disease (CHD) death and nonfatal myocardial infarction among 1,533 hypercholesterolemic men aged 35-39 years who were in the placebo group of the Lipid Research Clinics Coronary Primary Prevention Trial. The mean follow-up of the cohort was 7.4 years. The men were free of clinical heart disease at entry; men with an abnormal resting electrocardiogram or graded exercise test also were excluded. Regular physical activity was not associated with the incidence of CHD (RR = .94, 95% CI = .68, 1.38) in this study population. Adjustment by the proportional hazards model for age, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, smoking, family history of CHD, and occupation did not alter this finding. This observation suggests that reported regular physical activity may not be related to the risk of coronary heart disease among asymptomatic, hypercholesterolemic, middle-aged men.
Sunlight and other risk factors for cataracts: an epidemiologic study.
Creators: name: Collman, G W
name: Luria, A S
name: Shore, D L
name: Checkoway, H
name: Shy, C M
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1988

description: A case control study was conducted in North Carolina to explore the relation between individual exposure to sunlight and the risk of cataracts. One hundred thirteen cases and 161 controls aged 40-69 at diagnosis were studied. Sunlight exposure was inferred from interview data on residency and time spent in the sun, combined with solar radiation data from the National Climatic Data Center. Sunlight exposure was very slightly related to all types of opacities combined. Although the numbers of cases with each type of opacity was small, the risk of cataracts was slightly increased in medium and high exposure categories for persons having cortical or posterior subcapsular opacities only, but not nuclear sclerotic changes. Persons with dark brown or hazel eyes are at increased risk. An unexpected finding was that persons who reported using tranquilizers for six months were at increased risk.