cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Complex scaling flows in the quench dynamics of interacting particles
Creators: name: Enss, Tilman
name: Braatz, Noel Cuadra
name: Gori, Giacomo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Many-body systems driven out of equilibrium can exhibit scaling flows of the quantum state. For a sudden quench to resonant interactions between particles we construct a new class of analytical scaling solutions for the time evolved wave function with a complex scale parameter. These solutions determine the exact dynamical scaling of observables such as the pair correlation function, the contact and the fidelity. We give explicit examples of the nonequilibrium dynamics for two trapped fermions or bosons quenched to unitarity, for ideal Bose polarons, and for resonantly interacting, Borromean three-body systems. These solutions reveal universal scaling properties of interacting many-body systems that arise from the buildup of correlations at short times after the quench.
description: 10 pages, 3 figures
Darboux transformations with tetrahedral reduction group and related integrable systems
Creators: name: Berkeley, George
name: Mikhailov, Alexander V.
name: Xenitidis, Pavlos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we derive new two-component integrable differential difference and partial difference systems by applying a Lax-Darboux scheme to an operator formed from an ${\mathfrak{sl}}_3({\mathbb{C}})$-based automorphic Lie algebra. The integrability of the found systems is demonstrated via Lax pairs and generalised symmetries.
description: to appear in Journal of Mathematical Physics
QSDsan: An Integrated Platform for Quantitative Sustainable Design of Sanitation and Resource Recovery Systems
Creators: name: Li, Yalin
name: Zhang, Xinyi
name: Morgan, Victoria L.
name: Lohman, Hannah A. C.
name: Rowles, Lewis S.
name: Mittal, Smiti
name: Kogler, Anna
name: Cusick, Roland D.
name: Tarpeh, William A.
name: Guest, Jeremy S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Sustainable sanitation and resource recovery technologies are needed to address rapid environmental and socioeconomic changes. Research prioritization is critical to expedite the development and deployment of such technologies across their vast system space (e.g., technology choices, design and operating decisions). In this study, we introduce QSDsan - an open-source tool written in Python (under the object-oriented programming paradigm) and developed for the quantitative sustainable design (QSD) of sanitation and resource recovery systems. As an integrated platform for system design, process modeling and simulation, techno-economic analysis (TEA), and life cycle assessment (LCA), QSDsan can be used to enumerate and investigate the opportunity space for emerging technologies under uncertainty, while considering contextual parameters that are critical to technology deployment. We illustrate the core capabilities of QSDsan through two distinct examples: (i) evaluation of a complete sanitation value chain that compares three alternative systems; and (ii) dynamic simulation of the wastewater treatment plant described in the benchmark simulation model no. 1 (BSM1). Through these examples, we show the utility of QSDsan to automate design, enable flexible process modeling, achieve rapid and reproducible simulations, and to perform advanced statistical analyses with integrated visualization. We strive to make QSDsan a community-led platform with online documentation, tutorials (explanatory notes, executable scripts, and video demonstrations), and a growing ecosystem of supporting packages (e.g., DMsan for decision-making). This platform can be freely accessed, used, and expanded by researchers, practitioners, and the public alike, ultimately contributing to the advancement of safe and affordable sanitation technologies around the globe.
Uncovering heterogeneity in math achievement trajectories in middle school during the Covid-19 pandemic
Creators: name: Vosylis, Rimantas
name: Melnikė, Eglė
name: Sevalneva, Daiva
name: Erentaitė, Rasa
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Oral presentation at the European Conference on Developmental Psychology (ECDP) 28 August – 1 September, 2023 Turku, Finland.
Compact pentaquark structures
Creators: name: Santopinto, Elena
name: Giachino, Alessandro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the possibility that at least one of the two pentaquark structures recently reported by LHCb can be described as a compact pentaquark state, and we give predictions for new channels that can be studied by the experimentalists if this hypothesis is correct. We use very general arguments dictated by symmetry considerations, in order to describe the pentaquark states within a group theory approach. A complete classification of all possible states and quantum numbers, that can be useful both to the experimentalists, for new finding, or to theoretical model builders, are given, without the introduction of any particular dynamical model. Some prediction are finally given using a Guersey-Radicati inspired mass formula. We reproduce the mass and the quantum numbers of the lightest pentaquark state reported by LHCb ( 3/2^-), with a parameter free mass formula, fixed on the well established baryons. We predict others pentaquark resonances (giving their masses, and suggesting possible decay channels) which belong to the same multiplet of the lightest one.Finally, we compute the partial decay widths for all the predicted pentaquark resonances.
description: 7 pages, 7 figures, Revised version:Section II has been rewritten,Section VI it has been added. In Section VI we compute the partial decay widths for all the predicted pentaquark resonances
Microcanonical and resource-theoretic derivations of the thermal state of a quantum system with noncommuting charges
Creators: name: Halpern, Nicole Yunger
name: Faist, Philippe
name: Oppenheim, Jonathan
name: Winter, Andreas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The grand canonical ensemble lies at the core of quantum and classical statistical mechanics. A small system thermalizes to this ensemble while exchanging heat and particles with a bath. A quantum system may exchange quantities represented by operators that fail to commute. Whether such a system thermalizes and what form the thermal state has are questions about truly quantum thermodynamics. Here we investigate this thermal state from three perspectives. First, we introduce an approximate microcanonical ensemble. If this ensemble characterizes the system-and-bath composite, tracing out the bath yields the system's thermal state. This state is expected to be the equilibrium point, we argue, of typical dynamics. Finally, we define a resource-theory model for thermodynamic exchanges of noncommuting observables. Complete passivity---the inability to extract work from equilibrium states---implies the thermal state's form, too. Our work opens new avenues into equilibrium in the presence of quantum noncommutation.
description: Published version. 7 pages (2 figures) + appendices. The leading author's surname is "Yunger Halpern."
Magnetic Mass in 4D AdS Gravity
Creators: name: Araneda, Rene
name: Aros, Rodrigo
name: Miskovic, Olivera
name: Olea, Rodrigo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We provide a fully-covariant expression for the diffeomorphic charge in 4D anti-de Sitter gravity, when the Gauss-Bonnet and Pontryagin terms are added to the action. The couplings of these topological invariants are such that the Weyl tensor and its dual appear in the on-shell variation of the action, and such that the action is stationary for asymptotic (anti) self-dual solutions in the Weyl tensor. In analogy with Euclidean electromagnetism, whenever the self-duality condition is global, both the action and the total charge are identically vanishing. Therefore, for such configurations the magnetic mass equals the Ashtekhar-Magnon-Das definition.
description: 21 pages, no figures; one reference added; final version for PRD
Classification of incompatibility for two orthonormal bases
Creators: name: Xu, Jianwei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: For two orthonormal bases of a $d$-dimensional complex Hilbert space, the notion of complete incompatibility was introduced recently by De Bièvre [Phys. Rev. Lett. 127, 190404 (2021)]. In this work, we introduce the notion of $s$-order incompatibility with positive integer $s$ satisfying $2\leq s\leq d+1.$ In particular, $(d+1)$-order incompatibility just coincides with the complete incompatibility. We establish some relations between $s$-order incompatibility, minimal support uncertainty and rank deficiency of the transition matrix. As an example, we determine the incompatibility order of the discrete Fourier transform with any finite dimension.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures
Soft-margin classification of object manifolds
Creators: name: Cohen, Uri
name: Sompolinsky, Haim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: A neural population responding to multiple appearances of a single object defines a manifold in the neural response space. The ability to classify such manifolds is of interest, as object recognition and other computational tasks require a response that is insensitive to variability within a manifold. Linear classification of object manifolds was previously studied for max-margin classifiers. Soft-margin classifiers are a larger class of algorithms and provide an additional regularization parameter used in applications to optimize performance outside the training set by balancing between making fewer training errors and learning more robust classifiers. Here we develop a mean-field theory describing the behavior of soft-margin classifiers applied to object manifolds. Analyzing manifolds with increasing complexity, from points through spheres to general manifolds, a mean-field theory describes the expected value of the linear classifier's norm, as well as the distribution of fields and slack variables. By analyzing the robustness of the learned classification to noise, we can predict the probability of classification errors and their dependence on regularization, demonstrating a finite optimal choice. The theory describes a previously unknown phase transition, corresponding to the disappearance of a non-trivial solution, thus providing a soft version of the well-known classification capacity of max-margin classifiers.
Effect of chaos on information gain in quantum tomography
Creators: name: Sahu, Abinash
name: PG, Sreeram
name: Madhok, Vaibhav
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Does chaos in the dynamics enable information gain in quantum tomography or impede it? We address this question by considering continuous measurement tomography in which the measurement record is obtained as a sequence of expectation values of a Hermitian observable evolving under the repeated application of the Floquet map of the quantum kicked top. For a given dynamics and Hermitian observables, we observe completely opposite behavior in the tomography of well-localized spin coherent states compared to random states. As the chaos in the dynamics increases, the reconstruction fidelity of spin coherent states decreases. This contrasts with the previous results connecting information gain in tomography of random states with the degree of chaos in the dynamics that drives the system. The rate of information gain and hence the fidelity obtained in tomography depends not only on the degree of chaos in the dynamics and to what extent it causes the initial observable to spread in various directions of the operator space but, more importantly, how well these directions are aligned with the density matrix to be estimated. Our study also gives an operational interpretation for operator spreading in terms of fidelity gain in an actual quantum information tomography protocol.
description: 11 pages, 6 figures, published version with modified title
Sharp Tunneling Resonance from the Vibrations of an Electronic Wigner Crystal
Creators: name: Jang, Joonho
name: Hunt, Benjamin
name: Pfeiffer, Loren N.
name: West, Kenneth W.
name: Ashoori, Raymond C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Photoemission and tunneling spectroscopies measure the energies at which single electrons can be added to or removed from an electronic system. Features observed in such spectra have revealed electrons coupling to vibrational modes of ions both in solids and in individual molecules. Here we report the discovery of a sharp resonance in the tunneling spectrum of a 2D electron system. Its behavior suggests that it originates from vibrational modes, not involving ionic motion, but instead arising from vibrations of spatial ordering of the electrons themselves. In a two-dimensional electronic system at very low temperatures and high magnetic fields, electrons can either condense into a variety of quantum Hall phases or arrange themselves into a highly ordered Wigner crystal lattice. Such spatially ordered phases of electrons are often electrically insulating and delicate and have proven very challenging to probe with conventional methods. Using a unique pulsed tunneling method capable of probing electron tunneling into insulating phases, we observe a sharp peak with dependencies on energy and other parameters that fit to models for vibrations of a Wigner crystal. The remarkable sharpness of the structure presents strong evidence of the existence of a Wigner crystal with long correlation length.
Experimental ten-photon entanglement
Creators: name: Wang, Xi-Lin
name: Chen, Luo-Kan
name: Li, Wei
name: Huang, He-Liang
name: Liu, Chang
name: Chen, Chao
name: Luo, Yi-Han
name: Su, Zu-En
name: Wu, Dian
name: Li, Zheng-Da
name: Lu, He
name: Hu, Yi
name: Jiang, Xiao
name: Peng, Cheng-Zhi
name: Li, Li
name: Liu, Nai-Le
name: Chen, Yu-Ao
name: Lu, Chao-Yang
name: Pan, Jian-Wei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum entanglement among multiple spatially separated particles is of fundamental interest, and can serve as central resources for studies in quantum nonlocality, quantum-to-classical transition, quantum error correction, and quantum simulation. The ability of generating an increasing number of entangled particles is an important benchmark for quantum information processing. The largest entangled states were previously created with fourteen trapped ions, eight photons, and five superconducting qubits. Here, based on spontaneous parametric down-converted two-photon entanglement source with simultaneously a high brightness of ~12 MHz/W, a collection efficiency of ~70% and an indistinguishability of ~91% between independent photons, we demonstrate, for the first time, genuine and distillable entanglement of ten single photons under different pump power. Our work creates a state-of-the-art platform for multi-photon experiments, and provide enabling technologies for challenging optical quantum information tasks such as high-efficiency scattershot boson sampling with many photons.
description: 65 pages, supplementary information included, with all raw data. to appear in Physical Review Letters
Quantum effects in an expanded Black-Scholes model
Creators: name: Bhatnagar, Anantya
name: Vvedensky, Dimitri D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Pricing of Securities (q-fin.PR)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The limitations of the classical Black-Scholes model are examined by comparing calculated and actual historical prices of European call options on stocks from several sectors of the S&P 500. Persistent differences between the two prices point to an expanded model proposed by Segal and Segal (1998) in which information not simultaneously observable or actionable with public information can be represented by an additional pseudo-Wiener process. A real linear combination of the original and added processes leads to a commutation relation analogous to that between a boson field and its canonical momentum in quantum field theory. The resulting pricing formula for a European call option replaces the classical volatility with the norm of a complex quantity, whose imaginary part is shown to compensate for the disparity between prices obtained from the classical Black-Scholes model and actual prices of the test call options. This provides market evidence for the influence of a non-classical process on the price of a security based on non-commuting operators.
description: 11 pages, 3 figures (Supplement - 26 pages, 20 figures)
Heuristics and Uncertainty Quantification in Rational and Inverse Compound and Catalyst Design
Creators: name: Weymuth, Thomas
name: Reiher, Markus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The goal of inverse (quantum) approaches is to devise methods and approaches capable of efficiently searching chemical space in such a way that the design of novel materials and compounds with specific properties is as direct and efficient as possible. Here, we review the current state of the field with a focus on the most recent developments. We discuss the importance of heuristic rules and human intuition for rational compound design. Moreover, we elaborate on options for reliable uncertainty quantification for computational results, which is crucial for a truly predictive application of any in silico method.
description: 27 pages
title: Characterisation of microbial communities associated with potato cyst nematodes in a suppressive soil and the bicontrol potential of selected isolates
Creators: name: Jones, Amanda Louise
Publisher: name: Edinburgh Napier University
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/03zjvnn91
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2024

description: Potato cyst nematodes Globodera pallida and G. rostochiensis (PCN) pose a growing threat to global potato production. As chemical nematicides are increasingly removed from market, novel, environmentally sound methods are needed to manage PCN populations. In the context of developing microbial biocontrol for PCN, this work used a soil naturally suppressive to PCN: 1). to gain fundamental knowledge of microbial communities developing on PCN cysts; 2). to investigate how such communities may be linked to egg viability and hatch; and 3). to assess the ability of a range of fungi and bacteria to control PCN in vitro and in vivo.

A pot experiment was used to verify PCN suppression in an intensively cropped potato field soil from Shropshire. Potato cyst nematodes (G. pallida) had a significantly lower egg viability when used to inoculate potatoes grown in soil taken from the Shropshire field site in comparison to potatoes frown in a conducive soil (49% reduction). Transfer of suppression was shown using 10% suppressive soil (90% conducive soil), resulting in significantly lowered viable eggs g-1 soil, compared to conducive soil pots (78% reduction).

Using a soil microcosm experiment, G. pallida cysts were buried in untreated or autoclaved (i.e., altered microbial community) suppressive soil for four time periods. Resulting egg hatch was reduced by >77% in week 48 for both treatments. Residual egg viability was significantly lowered after 20 weeks for cysts buried in both soils (67% and 81% reductions for autoclaved and untreated soils, respectively, compared to unburied control cysts). Next-generation sequencing revealed that buried cysts had distinct bacterial and fungal communities, compared to their surrounding soils. Cyst communities changed depending on soil treatment (untreated vs. autoclaved) and incubation time. Indicator taxa, including Michrodochium bolleyi and Gibellulopsis nigrescens, were found to define soil communities for both treatments, indicating that microorganisms possibly responsible for reducing egg viability and hatch, survived autoclaving.

This study contributed new knowledge towards microorganisms associated with PCN, particularly in the context of a suppressive soil. Overall, findings suggest that PCN antagonism in suppressive soil requires a complex community of PCN suppressive microorganisms and potentially several PCN suppressive mechanisms, both on the cyst and in the surrounding soils. Future PCN biocontrol studies should focus on microbial interactions of suppressive soils beyond direct parasitism, and further understanding of the functional attributes of microbial communities that reside on and inside of cysts.
Klappert, Bertold: Bekennende Kirche in ökumenischer Verantwortung
Creators: name: Holthaus, Stephan
Publisher: name: Jahrbuch für evangelikale Theologie
Year: 2025

description: 1821300343
description: Jahrbuch für evangelikale Theologie, V. 3 (1989): Jahrbuch für evangelikale Theologie, Band 3
Holographic Construction of Excited CFT States
Creators: name: Christodoulou, Ariana
name: Skenderis, Kostas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a systematic construction of bulk solutions that are dual to CFT excited states. The bulk solution is constructed perturbatively in bulk fields. The linearised solution is universal and depends only on the conformal dimension of the primary operator that is associated with the state via the operator-state correspondence, while higher order terms depend on detailed properties of the operator, such as its OPE with itself and generally involve many bulk fields. We illustrate the discussion with the holographic construction of the universal part of the solution for states of two dimensional CFTs, either on $R \times S^1$ or on $R^{1,1}$. We compute the 1-point function both in the CFT and in the bulk, finding exact agreement. We comment on the relation with other reconstruction approaches.
description: 26 pages, 4 figures, v2: comments added
Descriptive complexity of graph spectra
Creators: name: Dawar, Anuj
name: Severini, Simone
name: Zapata, Octavio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Two graphs are co-spectral if their respective adjacency matrices have the same multi-set of eigenvalues. A graph is said to be determined by its spectrum if all graphs that are co-spectral with it are isomorphic to it. We consider these properties in relation to logical definability. We show that any pair of graphs that are elementarily equivalent with respect to the three-variable counting first-order logic $C^3$ are co-spectral, and this is not the case with $C^2$, nor with any number of variables if we exclude counting quantifiers. We also show that the class of graphs that are determined by their spectra is definable in partial fixed-point logic with counting. We relate these properties to other algebraic and combinatorial problems.
description: 17 pages
Equilibrium Validation for Triblock Copolymers via Inverse Norm Bounds for Fourth-Order Elliptic Operators
Creators: name: Rizzi, Peter
name: Sander, Evelyn
name: Wanner, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary: 37G15, 37M20, 65G20, 65P30, Secondary: 37B35, 37C70, 65G30

description: Block copolymers play an important role in materials sciences and have found widespread use in many applications. From a mathematical perspective, they are governed by a nonlinear fourth-order partial differential equation which is a suitable gradient of the Ohta-Kawasaki energy. While the equilibrium states associated with this equation are of central importance for the description of the dynamics of block copolymers, their mathematical study remains challenging. In the current paper, we develop computer-assisted proof methods which can be used to study equilibrium solutions in block copolymers consisting of more than two monomer chains, with a focus on triblock copolymers. This is achieved by establishing a computer-assisted proof technique for bounding the norm of the inverses of certain fourth-order elliptic operators, in combination with an application of a constructive version of the implicit function theorem. While these results are only applied to the triblock copolymer case, we demonstrate that the obtained norm estimates can also be directly used in other contexts such as the rigorous verification of bifurcation points, or pseudo-arclength continuation in fourth-order parabolic problems.
Global energy preserving model reduction for multi-symplectic PDEs
Creators: name: Uzunca, Murat
name: Karasözen, Bülent
name: Aydın, Ayhan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 37K05, 65M06, 65P10, 35Q53, 35Q55

description: Many Hamiltonian systems can be recast in multi-symplectic form. We develop a reduced-order model (ROM) for multi-symplectic Hamiltonian partial differential equations (PDEs) that preserves the global energy. The full-order solutions are obtained by finite difference discretization in space and the global energy preserving average vector field (AVF) method. The ROM is constructed in the same way as the full-order model (FOM) applying proper orthogonal decomposition (POD) with the Galerkin projection. The reduced-order system has the same structure as the FOM, and preserves the discrete reduced global energy. Applying the discrete empirical interpolation method (DEIM), the reduced-order solutions are computed efficiently in the online stage. A priori error bound is derived for the DEIM approximation to the nonlinear Hamiltonian. The accuracy and computational efficiency of the ROMs are demonstrated for the Korteweg de Vries (KdV) equation, Zakharov-Kuznetzov (ZK) equation, and nonlinear Schr{ö}dinger (NLS) equation in multi-symplectic form. Preservation of the reduced energies shows that the reduced-order solutions ensure the long-term stability of the solutions.
Efficacy and safety of ultra-low-dose estradiol and norethisterone in postmenopausal Brazilian women
Creators: name: Machado, R. Bonassi
name: de Melo Pompei, L.
name: Nahas, E. A. P.
name: Nahas-Neto, J.
name: da Costa-Paiva, L.
name: Del Debbio, S. Y. O.
name: Badalotti, M.
name: Wender, M. C. O.
name: Cruz, A. M.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
classificationCode: 19999
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
classificationCode: 110309
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of oral ultra-low-dose continuous combination of 17β-estradiol (17β-E2) and norethisterone acetate (NETA) in postmenopausal Brazilian women. Postmenopausal women (age 45–60 years) with amenorrhea >12 months and intact uterus, with moderate to severe vasomotor symptoms, were included. The vasomotor symptoms and endometrial bleeding were evaluated by a daily diary for 24 weeks, and the women were assessed at baseline and endpoint. A total of 118 women were included. The group treated with 0.5 mg 17β-E2/0.1 mg NETA (n = 58) showed a percentage reduction of 77.1% in the frequency of vasomotor symptoms versus 49.9% in the placebo group (n = 60) (p = 0.0001). The severity score showed a reduction in the treatment group when compared to the placebo (p < 0.0001). The adverse events were comparable between the groups; however, in the 0.5 mg 17β-E2/0.1 mg NETA group there were more complaints of vaginal bleeding; despite that, in most cycles in both treatment groups, more than 80% of women experienced amenorrhea. The combination of 0.5 mg 17β-E2/0.1 mg NETA in a continuous combination regimen was shown to be effective in reducing the frequency and severity of vasomotor symptoms in Brazilian postmenopausal women.
The resource theory under conditioned thermal operations
Creators: name: Narasimhachar, Varun
name: Gour, Gilad
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The "thermal operations" framework developed in past works is used to model the evolution of microscopic quantum systems in contact with thermal baths. Here we extend this model to bipartite devices with one part acting as a control external to the system--bath setup. We define the operations of such hybrid devices as conditioned thermal operations. We examine the resource under these operations, which we call conditional athermality. In the quasiclassical limit, we quantify this resource and find the conditions for its conversion between different forms.
description: Published version incorporating referee feedback. 6.5 pages main (2 figures) + 6.5 pages supplement (2 figures)
Regional medical inter-institutional cooperation in medical provider network constructed using patient claims data from Japan
Creators: name: Ohki, Yu
name: Ikeda, Yuichi
name: Kunisawa, Susumu
name: Imanaka, Yuichi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The aging world population requires a sustainable and high-quality healthcare system. To examine the efficiency of medical cooperation, medical provider and physician networks were constructed using patient claims data. Previous studies have shown that these networks contain information on medical cooperation. However, the usage patterns of multiple medical providers in a series of medical services have not been considered. In addition, these studies used only general network features to represent medical cooperation, but their expressive ability was low. To overcome these limitations, we analyzed the medical provider network to examine its overall contribution to the quality of healthcare provided by cooperation between medical providers in a series of medical services. This study focused on: i) the method of feature extraction from the network, ii) incorporation of the usage pattern of medical providers, and iii) expressive ability of the statistical model. Femoral neck fractures were selected as the target disease. To build the medical provider networks, we analyzed the patient claims data from a single prefecture in Japan between January 1, 2014 and December 31, 2019. We considered four types of models: a model using node strength and linear regression to a model using feature representation by node2vec and regression tree ensemble, which is a machine learning method. The results showed that a stronger medical provider reduces the duration of hospital stay. The overall contribution of the medical cooperation to the duration of hospital stay extracted from the medical provider network using node2vec is approximately 20%, which is approximately 20 times higher than the model using strength.
description: 29 pages, 15 figures (including 4 supporting figures), 7 tables
Menopause symptoms, sexual dysfunctions and pelvic floor disorders in refugee and asylum seeker women: a scoping review
Creators: name: Jahangirifar, M.
name: Fooladi, E.
name: Davis, S. R.
name: Islam, R. M.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Refugee and asylum seeker women face a variety of health challenges. However, little is known globally about health problems in these women at midlife and beyond, including menopausal symptoms, sexual dysfunctions and pelvic floor disorders. This scoping review aimed to understand these neglected health issues with respect to prevalence and risk factors. Eight databases were searched in August 2022 without the limit of publication year. Data were analyzed narratively. A total of 10 reports from seven studies were included with 945 women living in Australia, Canada, the USA and Pakistan. Three reports were addressing menopause, seven addressed sexual dysfunctions and one addressed pelvic floor disorders. There were no data regarding menopause symptoms; however, perceptions of menopause varied widely across studies. Few studies reported a high prevalence of sexual dysfunctions and pelvic organ prolapses, but none of them used a validated questionnaire. Taboos and cultural factors, lack of knowledge and education, lack of family support, language insufficiency and financial problems were common barriers to not seeking care for these health issues. This review demonstrates lack of evidence of these neglected health issues in refugee and asylum seeker women at midlife, and further studies with validated questionnaires and larger samples are warranted.
Entropy of a generic null surface from its associated Virasoro algebra
Creators: name: Chakraborty, Sumanta
name: Bhattacharya, Sourav
name: Padmanabhan, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Null surfaces act as one-way membranes, blocking information from those observers who do not cross them (e.g., in the black hole and the Rindler spacetimes) and these observers associate an entropy (and temperature) with the null surface. The black hole entropy can be computed from the central charge of an appropriately defined, local, Virasoro algebra on the horizon. We show that one can extend these ideas to a general class of null surfaces, all of which possess a Virasoro algebra and a central charge, leading to an entropy density (i.e., per unit area) which is just $(1/4)$. All the previously known results of associating entropy with horizons arise as special cases of this very general property of null surfaces demonstrated here and we believe this work represents the derivation of the entropy-area law in the most general context. The implications are discussed.
description: v2, 7pp; added references, discussions and clarifications; improved presentation; published in PLB
Demonstration of sub-GV/m Accelerating Field in a Photoemission Electron Gun Powered by Nanosecond $X$-Band Radiofrequency Pulses
Creators: name: Tan, W. H.
name: Antipov, S.
name: Doran, D. S.
name: Ha, G.
name: Jing, C.
name: Knight, E.
name: Kuzikov, S.
name: Liu, W.
name: Lu, X.
name: Piot, P.
name: Power, J. G.
name: Shao, J.
name: Whiteford, C.
name: Wisniewski, E. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Radiofrequency (RF) electron guns operating at high accelerating gradients offer a pathway to producing bright electron bunches. Such beams are expected to revolutionize many areas of science: they could form the backbone of next-generation compact x-ray free-electron lasers or provide coherent ultrafast quantum electron probes. We report on the experimental demonstration of an RF photoemission electron source supporting an accelerating field close to 400~MV/m at the photocathode surface. The gun was operated in an RF transient mode driven by short $\sim 9$~ns X-band (\SI{11.7}{\giga\hertz}) RF pulses. We did not observe any major RF breakdown or significant dark current over a three-week experimental run at high accelerating fields. The demonstrated paradigm provides a viable path to forming relativistic electron beams with unprecedented brightness.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures
SeeSaw scale discrete dark matter and two-zero texture Majorana neutrino mass matrices
Creators: name: Lamprea, J. M.
name: Peinado, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we present a scenario where the stability of dark matter and the phenomenology of neutrinos are related by the spontaneous breaking of a non-Abelian flavor symmetry. In this scenario the breaking is done at the seesaw scale, in such a way that what remains of the flavor symmetry is a Z2 symmetry, which stabilizes the dark matter. We have proposed two models based on this idea, for which we have calculated their neutrino mass matrices achieving two-zero texture in both cases. Accordingly, we have updated this two-zero texture phenomenology finding an interesting correlation between the reactor mixing angle and the sum of the light neutrino masses. We also have a correlation between the lightest neutrino mass and the neutrinoless double beta decay effective mass, obtaining a lower bound for the effective mass within the region of the nearly future experimental sensitivities.
description: 15 pages, 12 figures, matches published version
Spin-Controlled Quantum Interference of Levitated Nanorotors
Creators: name: Rusconi, Cosimo C.
name: Perdriat, Maxime
name: Hétet, Gabriel
name: Romero-Isart, Oriol
name: Stickler, Benjamin A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe how to prepare an electrically levitated nanodiamond in a superposition of orientations via microwave driving of a single embedded nitrogen-vacancy (NV) center. Suitably aligning the magnetic field with the NV center can serve to reach the regime of ultrastrong coupling between the NV and the diamond rotation, enabling single-spin control of the particle's three-dimensional orientation. We derive the effective spin-oscillator Hamiltonian for small amplitude rotation about the equilibrium configuration and develop a protocol to create and observe quantum superpositions of the particle orientation. We discuss the impact of decoherence and argue that our proposal can be realistically implemented with near-future technology.
description: 5 + 7 pages, 2 + 3 figures. Published version
Stable and Unstable Regimes of Mass Accretion onto RW Aur A
Creators: name: Takami, Michihiro
name: Wei, Yu-Jie
name: Chou, Mei-Yin
name: Karr, Jennifer L.
name: Beck, Tracy L.
name: Manset, Nadine
name: Chen, Wen-Ping
name: Kurosawa, Ryuichi
name: Fukagawa, Misato
name: White, Marc
name: Galvan-Madrid, Roberto
name: Liu, Hauyu Baobab
name: Pyo, Tae-Soo
name: Donati, Jean-Francois
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present monitoring observations of the active T Tauri star RW Aur, from 2010 October to 2015 January, using optical high-resolution (R>10000) spectroscopy with CFHT-ESPaDOnS. Optical photometry in the literature shows bright, stable fluxes over most of this period, with lower fluxes (by 2-3 mag.) in 2010 and 2014. In the bright period our spectra show clear photospheric absorption, complicated variation in the Ca II 8542 A emission}profile shapes, and a large variation in redshifted absorption in the O I 7772 and 8446 A and He I 5876 A lines, suggesting unstable mass accretion during this period. In contrast, these line profiles are relatively uniform during the faint periods, suggesting stable mass accretion. During the faint periods the photospheric absorption lines are absent or marginal, and the averaged Li I profile shows redshifted absorption due to an inflow. We discuss (1) occultation by circumstellar material or a companion and (2) changes in the activity of mass accretion to explain the above results, together with near-infrared and X-ray observations from 2011-2015. Neither scenario can simply explain all the observed trends, and more theoretical work is needed to further investigate their feasibilities.
description: 23 pages, 11 figures, 4 tables, accepted by Astrophysical Journal; some typos corrected on 4/18/2016
Local polar fluctuations in lead halide perovskite crystals
Creators: name: Yaffe, Omer
name: Guo, Yinsheng
name: Tan, Liang Z.
name: Egger, David A.
name: Hull, Trevor
name: Stoumpos, Constantinos C.
name: Zheng, Fan
name: Heinz, Tony F.
name: Kronik, Leeor
name: Kanatzidis, Mercouri G.
name: Owen, Jonathan S
name: Rappe, Andrew M.
name: Pimenta, Marcos A.
name: Brus, Louis E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Hybrid lead-halide perovskites have emerged as an excellent class of photovoltaic materials. Recent reports suggest that the organic molecular cation is responsible for local polar fluctuations that inhibit carrier recombination. We combine low frequency Raman scattering with first-principles molecular dynamics (MD) to study the fundamental nature of these local polar fluctuations. Our observations of a strong central peak in both hybrid (CH$_3$NH$_3$PbBr$_3$) and all-inorganic (CsPbBr$_3$) lead-halide perovskites show that anharmonic, local polar fluctuations are intrinsic to the general lead-halide perovskite structure, and not unique to the dipolar organic cation. MD simulations show that head-to-head Cs motion coupled to Br face expansion, on a few hundred femtosecond time scale, drives the local polar fluctuations in CsPbBr$_3$.
Search for gluinos in events with an isolated lepton, jets and missing transverse momentum at $\sqrt{s}$ = 13 TeV with the ATLAS detector
Creators: name: ATLAS Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The results of a search for gluinos in final states with an isolated electron or muon, multiple jets and large missing transverse momentum using proton--proton collision data at a centre-of-mass energy of $\sqrt{s}$ = 13 TeV are presented. The dataset used was recorded in 2015 by the ATLAS experiment at the Large Hadron Collider and corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 3.2 fb$^{-1}$. Six signal selections are defined that best exploit the signal characteristics. The data agree with the Standard Model background expectation in all six signal selections, and the largest deviation is a 2.1 standard deviation excess. The results are interpreted in a simplified model where pair-produced gluinos decay via the lightest chargino to the lightest neutralino. In this model, gluinos are excluded up to masses of approximately 1.6 TeV depending on the mass spectrum of the simplified model, thus surpassing the limits of previous searches.
description: 24 pages plus author list (42 pages total), 6 figures, 5 tables, submitted to EPJC, All figures including auxiliary figures are available at http://atlas.web.cern.ch/Atlas/GROUPS/PHYSICS/PAPERS/SUSY-2015-08/
title: Ernst Haeckel – Medienstar: Popularisierungen von (Natur-)Wissenschaft in den Massenmedien Buch und Zeitschrift zwischen 1891 und 1910
Creators: name: Stahl, Heiner
Publisher: name: MyCoRe Community
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Ernst Haeckel
subject: Haeckel-Rezeption
subject: Wissenschaft und Buchverlagswirtschaft
subject: Popularisierung (natur-)wissenschaftlicher Forschung
subject: Ausdifferenzierungsprozesse der Mediengesellschaft
subject: akademische Wissensgemeinschaften
subject: Nachlass im Ernst-Haeckel-Haus (Jena)
subject: 000

description: Der Aufsatz zeigt an dem Jenaer Zoologen Ernst Haeckel zweierlei: erstens die Wechselwirkungen zwischen Wissenschaft und Buchverlagswirtschaft und zweitens die Wege der Popularisierung (natur-)wissenschaftlicher Forschung. Beides trifft auf Prozesse der Ausdifferenzierung, sowohl in der Mediengesellschaft als auch in akademischen Wissensgemeinschaften. Anhand von Briefen aus dem Nachlass im Ernst-Haeckel-Haus (Jena) werden die Aspekte von Emotionalisierung, Personalisierung und Visualisierung zum Untersuchungsgegenstand gemacht. Es geht dabei um Strategien des Erzählens von biologischen und zoologischen Erkenntnissen, um das Wechseln zwischen Öffentlichkeiten sowie um Praktiken des Kontaktierens von Medien (als Institution) und Medienschaffenden (als Person).
description: This paper elaborates the relationship between mass media (publishing and press) and academic elite science in late 19th century Imperial Germany. Ernst Haeckel provides the example to examine the popularization of science following all but linear paths. Personification, emotionalisation and visual artefacts (photographs and drawings) are paving the way. The main argument is that a star-system evolves, featuring the Jena-based zoologist prominently. It blurs, at first, the boundaries between the abstract notion of science and the popular understanding of scientific knowledge and it is, secondly, opening up a perspective on the agency of readers (and buyers of books, newspapers and illustrated press) in relation to modes of communicating in an early stage mass media society.
description: Haeckels ambivalentes Vermächtnis, p. 33
Direct Evidence of Metallic Bands in a Monolayer Boron Sheet
Creators: name: Feng, Baojie
name: Zhang, Jin
name: Liu, Ro-Ya
name: Takushi, Iimori
name: Lian, Chao
name: Chen, Lan
name: Wu, Kehui
name: Li, Hui
name: Meng, Sheng
name: Komori, Fumio
name: Matsuda, Iwao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The search for metallic boron allotropes has attracted great attention in the past decades and recent theoretical works predict the existence of metallicity in monolayer boron. Here, we synthesize the \b{eta}12-sheet monolayer boron on a Ag(111) surface and confirm the presence of metallic boron-derived bands using angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy. The Fermi surface is composed of one electron pocket at the S point and a pair of hole pockets near the X point, which is supported by the first-principles calculations. The metallic boron allotrope in \b{eta}12 sheet opens the way to novel physics and chemistry in material science.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures