cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Phytochemical analysis, antioxidant, antihemolytic and anti-inflammatory properties of ethanolic extract of Cydonia oblonga Mill. fruit
Creators: name: Djidel, Saliha
name: Bouaziz, Amel
name: Barghout, Nihed
name: Bentahar, Assia
name: Dahamna, Saliha
name: Khennouf, Seddik
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: Plant Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: The aim of this study was the estimation and identification of some phenolic compounds, in vitro antioxidant, antihemolytic, and anti-inflammatory activities of ethanolic extract prepared from Cydonia oblonga Mill.fruit (QFEE). The amounts of polyphenols, flavonoids, and tannins contents were found to be 141.62 mg GAE/g of dry extract, 0.68 mg QE/g extract, and 50.73 mg TAE/g of extract, respectively. RP-HPLC analysis proved the identification of 8 compounds, including 7-hydroxyflavone as a major flavonoid. QFEE showed an interesting antioxidant activity using DPPH, hydroxyl radical, and iron chelating tests. Also, QFEE had an antihemolytic effect with an IC50 of 1.58 mg/ml. Oral administration of QFEE at doses of 200 and 600 mg/kg on rats reduced the edoema induced by carrageenan. These results suggest that quince extract is an important source of antioxidants that can contribute to the anti-inflammatory effects.
Increasing Inclusiveness of Patient-Centric Clinical Evidence Generation in Oncology: Real-World Data and Clinical Trials.
Creators: name: Feldman, Jill E
name: Benbow, Jennifer H
name: Lund, Jennifer L
name: Rivera, Donna R
name: Kim, Edward S
Publisher: name: American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO)
Year: 2022

description:
Rapid advancements in cancer discovery, diagnosis, and treatment options available to patients with cancer have highlighted the need for enhancements in clinical trial design. The drug development process is costly, with more than 80% of trials failing to reach recruitment targets. Historical approaches to trial design are increasingly burdensome and lack real-world application in the intent-to-treat patient population. Equitable access to clinical trials combined with increased availability of real-world data are creating new opportunities for inclusiveness, improved outcomes, and evidence-based advances in therapies that will generate more generalizable data to better inform clinical decision-making. Clinical trials need to be inclusive if lifesaving data are not to be missed and investigational therapies are to be more accessible to a broader patient base. Real-world data can facilitate the conduct of studies that are identifying and understanding where disparities exist and developing new interventions to improve patient care. The clinical trial design process should be a multistakeholder and consensus- and evidence-driven process in which stakeholders are working together across the health care industry to close the care gap and ensure elimination of barriers that prevent equal access to specialized cancer care and advanced therapies available in clinical trials. The patient voice is essential throughout the trial process; however, it is often excluded from the design process. Integrating real-world data as well as ensuring patient involvement in early trial design during drug development can enhance enrollment and retention, leading to greater diversity.
Know Moore About: Becoming a Reflective Researcher (PPT)
Creators: name: Sewell, Claire
Publisher: name: unknown
Year: 2021

description: 'Reflective practice' is a phrase that often makes people worry but it is just a formal term for something we all do every day. We all have an internal monologue which helps us to process our experiences, both positive and negative. Researchers and students are increasingly being asked to apply reflection to their studies, something emphasised by the key graduate outcomes of the University. But what does this actually mean? How can you use an abstract concept like reflection in your work? This session answers these questions and more. Learn about how you can use reflection to think critically about your response to information, analyse the opinions of others and bring these insights into your writing. You will also be shown how this process can help you in your everyday life - from interviews and coping with feedback through to helping you settle your thoughts at the end of a busy day.
Know Moore About: Becoming a Reflective Researcher (PPT)
Creators: name: Sewell, Claire
Publisher: name: Humanities Commons
Year: 2021

description: 'Reflective practice' is a phrase that often makes people worry but it is just a formal term for something we all do every day. We all have an internal monologue which helps us to process our experiences, both positive and negative. Researchers and students are increasingly being asked to apply reflection to their studies, something emphasised by the key graduate outcomes of the University. But what does this actually mean? How can you use an abstract concept like reflection in your work? This session answers these questions and more. Learn about how you can use reflection to think critically about your response to information, analyse the opinions of others and bring these insights into your writing. You will also be shown how this process can help you in your everyday life - from interviews and coping with feedback through to helping you settle your thoughts at the end of a busy day.
New Concept of Electronically and Protonic Conductive Polymer Structures for the Proton Exchange Membrane Water Electrolysis Produced by 3D-Printing
Creators: name: Maletzko, Annabelle
name: Melke, Julia
name: Hübner, Christof
name: Höhne, Carl-Christoph
name: :Unav
Publisher: name: Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft
Year: 2021
Subjects: 3D printing
PTL Production
Functional compounds

description: The polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) water electrolysis is a promising technology for the production of hydrogen from water using fluctuating renewable electricity sources. However, to achieve widespread application, the investment cost has to be lowered considerably. For optimal two-phase mass transport of gases and water, and to simultaneously ensure electron transfer, a porous transport layer (PTL) is used in PEM systems. Due to the highly oxidative conditions in the oxygen-evolving electrode, PTLs consists of porous titanium, sometimes coated with noble metals to increase corrosion stability. Polymer compounds offer a great potential in terms of cost-efficiency, material properties, which can be easily tailor-made by e.g. polymer additives, and in terms of individual shaping options during the component production in particular by additive manufacturing. However, the conditions in the electrolysis cells are challenging for polymeric materials, in particular for materials used in the oxygen-evolving electrode. Here, we present first steps to a new concept of electronically and protonic conductive polymer structures for the PEM water electrolysis produced by 3D-printing.
title: Das Bündnis Sarah Wagenknecht zur Europawahl 2024 – eine Untersuchung seiner Wähler*innen mit den Daten des GLES Panel
Creators: name: Schick, Lukas
name: Marquardt, Jan
name: Maier-Lohmann, Imke
Publisher: name: GESIS - Leibniz Institute for the Social Sciences
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/018afyw53
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: GLES
subject: election
subject: long-term observation
subject: Bündnis Sahra Wagenknecht
subject: Survey Data
subject: Germany
subject: panel

description: In the 2024 European elections, the newly founded party Bündnis Sahra Wagenknecht (BSW) successfully entered the European Parliament. This blog post uses longitudinal data from the GLES Panel to take a closer look at voter migration between the 2021 Bundestag elections and the 2023 European elections. Among other things, it compares the social and cultural views of BSW voters with those of voters of other parties. It becomes clear that BSW voters have differed over a longer period of time.
description: Bei der Europawahl 2024 konnte die neu gegründete Partei Bündnis Sahra Wagenknecht (BSW) erfolgreich in das europäische Parlament einziehen. In diesem Blogbeitrag wird mit Längsschnittdaten des GLES Panel ein näherer Blick auf die Wählerwanderung zwischen der Bundestagwahl 2021 und der Europawahl 2023 geworfen. Unter anderem werden soziale und kulturelle Ansichten der Wähler*innen des BSW mit denen der Wähler*innen anderer Parteien verglichen. Dabei wird deutlich, dass sich die Wähler*innen des BSW schon über einen längeren Zeitraum unterschieden haben.
description: GESIS Blog
EFFECT OF UREA FERTILIZER APPLICATION ON GROWTH AND YIELD COMPONENTS OF HYBRID SWEET CORN ‘SONGKLA 84–1’
Creators: name: Pheeraphan Thongplew
Publisher: name: Pibulsongkram Rajabhat University
Year: 2024
Subjects: urea
hybrid sweet corn ‘Songkhla 84–1’
growth
yield components

description: Life Sciences and Environment Journal, 25, 1, 143-151
Mathematics of magic angles in a model of twisted bilayer graphene
Creators: name: Becker, Simon
name: Embree, Mark
name: Wittsten, Jens
name: Zworski, Maciej
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Spectral Theory (math.SP)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We provide a mathematical account of the recent Physical Reviews Letter by Tarnopolsky--Kruchkov--Vishwanath. The new contributions are a spectral characterization of magic angles, its accurate numerical implementation and an exponential estimate on the squeezing of all bands as the angle decreases. Pseudospectral phenomena due to the non-hermitian nature of operators appearing in the model play a crucial role in our analysis.
description: We added a trace formula summing up powers of magic angles and elaborated on our numerical methods
Hygroscopic mixing state of urban aerosol derived from size-resolved cloud condensation nuclei measurements during the MEGAPOLI campaign in Paris
Creators: name: Jurányi, Zsófia
name: Tritscher, Torsten
name: Gysel, Martin
name: Laborde, Marie
name: Gomes, L.
name: Roberts, G.
name: Baltensperger, Urs
name: Weingartner, Ernest
Publisher: name: Copernicus
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: 550 - Geowissenschaften

description: Abstract. Ambient aerosols are a complex mixture of particles with different physical and chemical properties and consequently distinct hygroscopic behaviour. The hygroscopicity of a particle determines its water uptake at subsaturated relative humidity (RH) and its ability to form a cloud droplet at supersaturated RH. These processes influence Earth's climate and the atmospheric lifetime of the particles. Cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) number size distributions (i.e. CCN number concentrations as a function of dry particle diameter) were measured close to Paris during the MEGAPOLI campaign in January–February 2010, covering 10 different supersaturations (SS = 0.1–1.0%). The time-resolved hygroscopic mixing state with respect to CCN activation was also derived from these measurements. Simultaneously, a hygroscopicity tandem differential mobility analyser (HTDMA) was used to measure the hygroscopic growth factor (ratio of wet to dry mobility diameter) distributions at RH = 90%. The aerosol was highly externally mixed and its mixing state showed significant temporal variability. The average particle hygroscopicity was relatively low at subsaturation (RH = 90%; mean hygroscopicity parameter κ = 0.12–0.27) and increased with increasing dry diameter in the range 35–265 nm. The mean κ value, derived from the CCN measurements at supersaturation, ranged from 0.08 to 0.24 at SS = 1.0–0.1%. Two types of mixing-state resolved hygroscopicity closure studies were performed, comparing the water uptake ability measured below and above saturation. In the first type the CCN counter was connected in series with the HTDMA and and closure was achieved over the whole range of probed dry diameters, growth factors and supersaturations using the κ-parametrization for the water activity and assuming surface tension of pure water in the Köhler theory. In the second closure type we compared hygroscopicity distributions derived from parallel monodisperse CCN measurements and HTDMA measurements. Very good agreement was found at all supersaturations, which shows that monodisperse CCN measurements are a reliable alternative to determine the hygroscopic mixing state of ambient aerosols.
Allonothrus russeolus Wallwork 1965
Creators: name: Revelo-Tobar, Harol
name: Ojeda, Margarita
name: García-Ayala, Leonardo J.
name: Palacios-Vargas, José G.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Sarcoptiformes
Trhypochthoniidae
Allonothrus
Allonothrus russeolus

description: Allonothrus russeolus Wallwork, 1965
 Distribution: Pantropical and subtropical.
 Records in Mexico: Quintana Roo.
 Biogeographic province: Yucatan Peninsula.
 Habitat: Low flooded rainforest soil.
 References: Vázquez (1999): 63; Hoffmann & López-Campos (2000): 149; Hoffmann & López-Campos (2002): 273.
description: Published as part of Revelo-Tobar, Harol, Ojeda, Margarita, García-Ayala, Leonardo J. & Palacios-Vargas, José G., 2024, Checklist Of Oribatid Mites (Acari: Oribatida) From Mexico, pp. 1-178 in Zootaxa 5465 (1) on page 53, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5465.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/11613709
Improving health equity through clinical innovation
Creators: name: Tully, Kristin P
name: Alfred, Myrtede
Publisher: name: BMJ
Year: 2022

description:
Despite having the most expensive system of maternity care in the world, outcomes for birthing people in the USA are worse than other high-income nations. Critically, US outcomes also reflect deep and
persistent racial and ethnic health disparities. The maternal mortality rate (deaths occurring within 42 days of pregnancy per 100 000 live births) in the USA was 23.8 in 2020, the highest of all comparable countries. Non-Hispanic black (NHB) and Native American individuals are two to three times more likely to die during or after childbirth compared with those who are non-Hispanic white (NHW). In contrast, maternal mortality outcomes for Hispanic and Asian/Pacific Islanders are generally comparable with those of NHW individuals, though some research findings suggest health disparities among specific subgroups. NHB and Native Americans also experience higher rates of severe maternal morbidity (SMM), resulting in significant short-term or long-term consequences to their health. While mortality rates among industrialised countries are highest in the USA, racial and ethnic disparities in outcomes have also been noted in Brazil, Canada, the Netherlands and the UK.
Global analysis of more than 50,000 SARS-Cov-2 genomes reveals epistasis between 8 viral genes
Creators: name: Zeng, Hong-Li
name: Dichio, Vito
name: Horta, Edwin Rodríguez
name: Thorell, Kaisa
name: Aurell, Erik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Genome-wide epistasis analysis is a powerful tool to infer gene interactions, which can guide drug and vaccine development and lead to a deeper understanding of microbial pathogenesis. We have considered all complete SARS-CoV-2 genomes deposited in the GISAID repository until \textbf{four} different cut-off dates, and used Direct Coupling Analysis together with an assumption of Quasi-Linkage Equilibrium to infer epistatic contributions to fitness from polymorphic loci. We find \textbf{eight} interactions, of which three between pairs where one locus lies in gene ORF3a, both loci holding non-synonymous mutations. We also find interactions between two loci in gene nsp13, both holding non-synonymous mutations, and four interactions involving one locus holding a synonymous mutation. Altogether we infer interactions between loci in viral genes ORF3a and nsp2, nsp12 and nsp6, between ORF8 and nsp4, and between loci in genes nsp2, nsp13 and nsp14. The paper opens the prospect to use prominent epistatically linked pairs as a starting point to search for combinatorial weaknesses of recombinant viral pathogens.
description: 22 pages, 11 pages
Rank 2 Bäcklund Transformations of Hyperbolic Monge-Ampère Systems
Creators: name: Hu, Yuhao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 37K35, 35L10, 58A15, 53C10

description: There are two main types of rank 2 Bäcklund transformations relating a pair of hyperbolic Monge-Ampère systems, which we call Type $\mathscr{A}$ and Type $\mathscr{B}$. For Type $\mathscr{A}$, we completely determine a subclass whose local invariants satisfy a specific but simple algebraic constraint; such Bäcklund transformations are parametrized by a finite number of constants, whose cohomogeneity can be either 2, 3 or 4. In addition, we present an invariantly formulated condition that determines whether a generic Type $\mathscr{B}$ Bäcklund transformation is one that, under suitable choices of local coordinates, relates solutions of two PDEs of the form $z_{xy} = F(x,y,z,z_x,z_y)$ and preserves the $x,y$ variables on solutions.
description: 39 pages
Allonothrus tuxtlasensis Palacios-Vargas & Iglesias 1997
Creators: name: Revelo-Tobar, Harol
name: Ojeda, Margarita
name: García-Ayala, Leonardo J.
name: Palacios-Vargas, José G.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Sarcoptiformes
Trhypochthoniidae
Allonothrus
Allonothrus tuxtlasensis

description: Allonothrus tuxtlasensis Palacios-Vargas & Iglesias 1997
 Distribution: Neotropical.
 Records in Mexico: Veracruz and Quintana Roo.
 Biogeographic province: Veracruzan. Yucatan Peninsula.
 Habitat: Jungle litter. Soil and litter in a cave. Leaf litter under trees and bushes in a secondary semi-evergreen tropical forest.
 References: Palacios-Vargas & Iglesias (1997b): 40–42; Palacios-Vargas et al. (1998): 47; Hoffmann et al. (2004): 259–260; Guzmán-Sánchez & Iglesias (2009): 17–19; Ermilov & Yurtaev (2023b): 387.
description: Published as part of Revelo-Tobar, Harol, Ojeda, Margarita, García-Ayala, Leonardo J. & Palacios-Vargas, José G., 2024, Checklist Of Oribatid Mites (Acari: Oribatida) From Mexico, pp. 1-178 in Zootaxa 5465 (1) on pages 53-54, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5465.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/11613709
The Number Densities and Stellar Populations of Massive Galaxies at 3 < z < 6: A Diverse, Rapidly Forming Population in the Early Universe
Creators: name: Marsan, Z. Cemile
name: Muzzin, Adam
name: Marchesini, Danilo
name: Stefanon, Mauro
name: Martis, Nicholas
name: Annunziatella, Marianna
name: Chan, Jeffrey C. C.
name: Cooper, Michael C.
name: Forrest, Ben
name: Gomez, Percy
name: McConachie, Ian
name: Wilson, Gillian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the census of massive (log(M$_{*}$/M$_{\odot}$)$\geq 11$) galaxies at $33$. The significant increase in observed number densities at $z\sim4$ ($>\times$ 5 in $\lesssim600$ Myrs) implies that this is the epoch at which log(M$_{*}$/M$_{\odot}$)$\geq 11$ galaxies emerge in significant numbers, with stellar ages ($\approx500-900$ Myrs) indicating rapid formation epochs as early as $z\sim7$. Leveraging ancillary multi-wavelength datasets, we perform panchromatic SED modelling to constrain the total star-formation activity of the sample. The star-formation activity of the sample is generally consistent with being on the star-formation main sequence at the considered redshifts, with $\approx15-25\%$ of the population showing evidence of suppressed star-formation rates, indicating that quenching mechanisms are already at play by $z\sim4$. We stack available HST imaging, confirming their compact nature ($r_{e}\lesssim2.2$ kpc), consistent with expected sizes of high-$z$ star-forming galaxies. Finally, we discuss how our results are in-line with the early formation epochs and short formation timescales inferred from the fossil records of the most massive galaxies in the Universe.
description: 22 pages, 13 figures, 3 tables (31 pages, 16 figures, 4 tables with Appendix). ApJ submitted. Comments welcome!
title: Quelle utilité pour une approche de pédagogie collaborative dans une séquence d'enseignement en Sciences ?
title: Quelle utilité pour une approche de pédagogie collaborative dans une séquence d'enseignement en Sciences ?
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Trabelsi, Mohamed-Sami
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 0
Subjects: subject: pédagogie collaborative
subject: sciences
subject: différenciation
subject: hétérogénéité

description: Le Concept 360° mis en place récemment dans l’école vaudoise met en avant la volonté de l’institution scolaire de prendre en compte un maximum l’hétérogénéité que l’on peut retrouver dans les classes. L’une des préconisations de base de ce dispositif pour la gestion de cette hétérogénéité est la mise en place par l’enseignant de pratiques de différenciation pédagogique. Dans cette étude, nous analysons les effets d’une pratique de différenciation en sciences, la par la pédagogie collaborative sur l’évolution des notes et de la satisfaction des élèves d’une classe de 10e VP. Avec cette étude, nous remarquons que les élèves se sentent plus à l’aise dans la séquence d’enseignement après la mise en place d’un tel dispositif. De plus, les élèves déclarent avoir moins de difficultés à réaliser leurs apprentissages. Ce dernier point se reflète dans une augmentation de la moyenne des notes des élèves. Enfin, pris individuellement, les élèves ayant eu le plus de défis à relever lors de la séquence non différenciée sont les élèves dont tant la performance scolaire que la satisfaction générale ont le plus augmenté. Il apparaît également que les élèves les plus à l’aise lors de la séquence d’enseignement non différenciée ne voient ni leur satisfaction générale ni leur note évoluer significativement. En conclusion, il semble que cette approche de pédagogie collaborative permette à certains élèves en difficultés d’augmenter sensiblement leur note sans porter préjudice aux notes des élèves ayant moins de difficultés. En termes de réussite scolaire, cette approche semble donc intéressante à faire figurer dans les outils dont pourrait disposer l’enseignant.e pour gérer au mieux l’hétérogénéité qu’il/elle retrouve dans ses classes.
Coverage Probability Analysis of a Double IRS Assisted SISO Communication System
Creators: name: Agrawal, Sachin
name: Jindal, Prateek
name: Sai, Valasa Shashank
name: Nayak, Jathod Hanumanth
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Intelligent reflecting surface (IRS) improves wireless communication efficiency and coverage probability. Existing studies focus on IRS deployment but overlook optimal fading channels. This research aims to identify and analyze the most effective channel fading estimation for the double IRS system model. The coverage probability using two-IRS is derived under different fading channels like Rayleigh and Rician to find the optimal solution in a Single-Input-Single-Output (SISO) system. Additionally, a closed-form expression for the coverage probability using statistical channel state information is derived while assuming no direct path between the transmitter and receiver. The analytical results are validated through simulations. It offers valuable insights into the modeling and analysis of double IRS-assisted wireless communication systems.
A Critical Period for Pandemic Adaptation: The Evolution of Depressive Symptomatology in a Representative Sample of Adults Across a 17-Month Period During COVID-19
Creators: name: Bauer, Daniel J.
name: Hoffart, Asle
name: Johnson, Sverre Urnes
name: Ebrahimi, Omid V.
Publisher: name: American Psychological Association (APA)
Year: 2022

description:
This 17-month longitudinal study on a representative sample of 4,361 Norwegian adults employs an observational ABAB design across 6 repeated assessments and 3 pandemic waves to systematically investigate the evolution of depressive symptomatology across all modifications of social distancing protocols (SDPs) from their onset to termination. Using Latent Change Score Models to analyze 26,166 observations, the study empirically corroborates that critical fluctuations in depressive symptomatology within and across individuals occur during the first 3 months of the pandemic, after which symptom profiles are predominantly consolidated throughout the pandemic period. Contrary to established belief, female sex, young age, lower education and preexisting psychiatric diagnosis only served as adequate predictors of the initial shocks to symptomatology observed during the onset of the pandemic and did not adequately predict subsequent change observed in symptoms within and across individuals. Population-level analyses demonstrated that symptom levels strongly covaried with the presence and strictness of SDPs and were unrelated to COVID-19 incidence rates. Upon predominant termination of SDPs, population-level symptoms began declining, while large heterogeneity was present across the adult population. Detrimental long-term adversities were revealed by 10% of the adults. These individuals displayed chaotic adaptation to the pandemic and its SDPs, exhibiting substantial increases in clinical levels of symptomatology ensuing partial reopening of society and through the remainder of the pandemic, with these deleterious symptoms projected to remain heightened ahead. Frequency of quarantine exposure was incrementally tied with increases in contemporaneously experienced and long-term depressive adversities, with information obtainment through unmonitored sources further associated with contemporaneous and long-term states of heightened symptomatology. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).
Medical Deep Learning -- A systematic Meta-Review
Creators: name: Egger, Jan
name: Gsaxner, Christina
name: Pepe, Antonio
name: Pomykala, Kelsey L.
name: Jonske, Frederic
name: Kurz, Manuel
name: Li, Jianning
name: Kleesiek, Jens
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Deep learning (DL) has remarkably impacted several different scientific disciplines over the last few years. E.g., in image processing and analysis, DL algorithms were able to outperform other cutting-edge methods. Additionally, DL has delivered state-of-the-art results in tasks like autonomous driving, outclassing previous attempts. There are even instances where DL outperformed humans, for example with object recognition and gaming. DL is also showing vast potential in the medical domain. With the collection of large quantities of patient records and data, and a trend towards personalized treatments, there is a great need for automated and reliable processing and analysis of health information. Patient data is not only collected in clinical centers, like hospitals and private practices, but also by mobile healthcare apps or online websites. The abundance of collected patient data and the recent growth in the DL field has resulted in a large increase in research efforts. In Q2/2020, the search engine PubMed returned already over 11,000 results for the search term 'deep learning', and around 90% of these publications are from the last three years. However, even though PubMed represents the largest search engine in the medical field, it does not cover all medical-related publications. Hence, a complete overview of the field of 'medical deep learning' is almost impossible to obtain and acquiring a full overview of medical sub-fields is becoming increasingly more difficult. Nevertheless, several review and survey articles about medical DL have been published within the last few years. They focus, in general, on specific medical scenarios, like the analysis of medical images containing specific pathologies. With these surveys as a foundation, the aim of this article is to provide the first high-level, systematic meta-review of medical DL surveys.
description: 22 pages, 7 figures, 7 tables, 159 references. Computer Methods and Programs in Biomedicine (CMPB), Elsevier, May 2022
Design, Simulation, and Implementation of MRAC Controller with PMAC Target Hardware for Controlling 7.5 m Antenna
Creators: name: Singh, R. Heera
name: Gurudayal, B.
name: Baig, G.B.
name: Rao, K. Koteswara
name: Devi, G. Uma
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Ecology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: The article presents the design of an adaptive controller, simulation, code generation, and porting of the algorithm into target hardware, movement of the 7.5 m antenna, testing, verification, and validation of theoretical and experimental results of the antenna system. The conventional servo control methods based on PID controllers are being used for tracking X-band missions. As the need for higher data rates is increasing, missions are switching to the Ka band, as a result the satellite ground stations will have to track the satellite in the Ka band where the antenna band beam width is narrowed by a factor of 3 when compared to the X-band antenna beamwidth. These challenges had driven the designer to design and implement a Model Reference Adaptive Controller over PID to improve and achieve the tracking accuracy of less than 25m° from the present 30 m°. Thus, consistent and constant performance is achieved throughout the trajectory tracking of the mission using PID + MRAC (Model Reference Adaptive Control). MRAC uses a reference model that specifies the desired response of the antenna system and adjusts the controller parameters such that the plant follows the reference to achieve the desired performance. The entire drive chain modules and their parameters are considered in the design of the plant, namely MRAC controller, PID controller, Power Drive electronic (Rectifier and Inverter), Servo Motor, mechanical torque coupling, Gear reducer, Slew Ring Bearing (SRB), and absolute encoder modules of each axis for position feedback from the antenna. Model Order Reduction of higher-order actual Plant model to the standard second-order system is optimized. The modelled and analysed outcomes of the MRAC scheme using the Modified MIT are demonstrated. The developed model is tested against step, ramp, parabolic, satellite trajectory, velocity and acceleration inputs in MATLAB/Simulink and validated with practical/ experimental test results with antenna load at the satellite ground Station. The achieved results indicate that the PID + MRAC controller has significant and consistent performance improvements when compared to the PID controller alone.
Gender, Racial, and Socioeconomic Disparities on Social and Behavioral Skills for K-8 Students With and Without Interventions: An Integrative Data Analysis of Eight Cluster Randomized Trials
Creators: name: Bradshaw, Catherine P.
name: Reinke, Wendy M.
name: Dong, Nianbo
name: Herman, Keith C.
name: Wilson, Sandra Jo
Publisher: name: Springer Nature
Year: 2022

description:
Despite decades of concern about disparities in educational outcomes for low SES students and students of color, there has been limited rigorous study of programmatic approaches for reducing these disparities in elementary or middle schools. We conducted integrative data analysis (IDA) of the combined data from eight Institute of Education Sciences funded cluster randomized trials to address the research gaps on social and behavioral outcome disparities. The final analytic sample includes 90,880 students in varying grade levels from kindergarten to grade 8 in 387 schools in 4 states (Maryland, Missouri, Virginia, and Texas). Two-level hierarchical linear modeling was used for multilevel moderation analysis. This study provided empirical evidence that there were significant gender, racial, and socioeconomic disparities on social and behavioral outcome measures for elementary and middle school students, the disparities significantly varied across schools, and the disparities could be reduced by interventions. We discussed our findings, implications for interpreting effect sizes of interventions using disparities as empirical benchmarks, and study limitations. We concluded with suggestions for future research.
Identifying priority one adult patients during major incident triage: a modified Delphi study provides consensus on what constitutes a life-saving intervention
Creators: name: Vassallo, Jamie
name: Smith, Jason
name: Bruijns, Stevan
name: Wallis, Lee
Publisher: name: F1000Research
Year: 2016

description: As part of a larger programme of work looking at major incident triage, a Delphi study was conducted in order to determine consensus as to what constitutes a life-saving intervention.  By producing a list of life-saving interventions, we have subsequently been able to define the 'Priority One' patient, enabling objective and measurable research to be conducted.

This work describes the process and the outputs of the Delphi study.
Generalization techniques of neural networks for fluid flow estimation
Creators: name: Morimoto, Masaki
name: Fukami, Kai
name: Zhang, Kai
name: Fukagata, Koji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate several techniques to encourage practical uses of neural networks for fluid flow estimation. In the present paper, three perspectives which are remaining challenges for applications of machine learning to fluid dynamics are considered: 1. interpretability of machine-learned results, 2. bulking out of training data, and 3. generalizability of neural networks. For the interpretability, we first demonstrate two methods to observe the internal procedure of neural networks, i.e., visualization of hidden layers and application of gradient-weighted class activation mapping (Grad-CAM), applied to canonical fluid flow estimation problems -- $(1)$ drag coefficient estimation of a cylinder wake and $(2)$ velocity estimation from particle images. It is exemplified that both approaches can successfully tell us evidences of the great capability of machine learning-based estimations. We then utilize some techniques to bulk out training data for super-resolution analysis and temporal prediction for cylinder wake and NOAA sea surface temperature data to demonstrate that sufficient training of neural networks with limited amount of training data can be achieved for fluid flow problems. The generalizability of machine learning model is also discussed by accounting for the perspectives of inter/extrapolation of training data, considering super-resolution of wakes behind two parallel cylinders. We find that various flow patterns generated by complex interaction between two cylinders can be reconstructed well, even for the test configurations regarding the distance factor. The present paper can be a significant step toward practical uses of neural networks for both laminar and turbulent flow problems.
description: 24 pages, 24 figures
Chemical speciation and source apportionment of ambient PM2.5 in New Delhi before, during, and after the Diwali fireworks
Creators: name: Manchanda, Chirag
name: Kumar, Mayank
name: Singh, Vikram
name: Hazarika, Naba
name: Faisal, Mohd
name: Lalchandani, Vipul
name: Shukla, Ashutosh
name: Dave, Jay
name: Rastogi, Neeraj
name: Tripathi, Sachchida Nand
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Diwali is among the most important Indian festivals, and elaborate firework displays mark the evening's festivities. This study assesses the impact of Diwali on the concentration, composition, and sources of ambient PM2.5. We observed the total PM2.5 concentrations to rise to 16 times the pre-firework levels, while each of the elemental, organic, and black carbon fractions of ambient PM2.5 increased by a factor of 46.1, 3.7, and 5.6, respectively. The concentration of species like K, Al, Sr, Ba, S, and Bi displayed distinct peaks during the firework event and were identified as tracers. The average concentrations of potential carcinogens, like As, exceeded US EPA screening levels for industrial air by a factor of ~9.6, while peak levels reached up to 16.1 times the screening levels. The source apportionment study, undertaken using positive matrix factorization, revealed the fireworks to account for 95% of the total elemental PM2.5 during Diwali. The resolved primary organic emissions, too, were enhanced by a factor of 8 during Diwali. Delhi has encountered serious haze events following Diwali in recent years; this study highlights that biomass burning emissions rather than the fireworks drive the poor air quality in the days following Diwali.
description: The manuscript is accepted for publication in Atmospheric Pollution Research. Present Status: Accepted
Peer Community In: A free and transparent initiative for preprint peer-reviewing
Creators: name: Queffelec, Alain
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025
Subjects: Open Science
Open peer-review
Peer Community In
Preprints
Arqus University Alliance
ENLIGHT University Alliance
Open Science Ambassadors
Arqus and ENLIGHT Webinar Series

description: As the issues with classic for-profit publishing system continue to grow, the Peer Community In non-profit organization was created in 2016 to gather communities of researchers offering peer review, recommendation and publication of scientific articles in open access for free. Following submission by authors, the thematic PCIs evaluate preprints in their scientific fields based on rigorous and transparent peer review. After evaluation, the PCIs may recommend those preprints, to make them complete, reliable and citable articles, without the need for publication in ‘traditional’ journals. Authors who need to publish their article in a journal can publish it for free in Peer Community Journal or submit it to a PCI-friendly or other journal. Currently 18 thematic PCIs exist and are entitled Peer Community in X, e.g. – Peer Community in Evolutionary Biology, the first one, or Peer Community in Archaeology, which I founded in 2020. The recommendation of an article is a positive editorial decision made by a recommender based on at least two rigorous peer reviews and after one or several rounds of peer reviews.  The recommendations are published in the corresponding thematic PCI websites with a DOI and can be cited. Once recommended by PCI, articles become citable valid references, similar to journal articles, but they can still be submitted to a journal or directly published in the Peer Community Journal.
Joint moments of a characteristic polynomial and its derivative for the circular $β$-ensemble
Creators: name: Forrester, Peter J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The problem of calculating the scaled limit of the joint moments of the characteristic polynomial, and the derivative of the characteristic polynomial, for matrices from the unitary group with Haar measure first arose in studies relating to the Riemann zeta function in the thesis of Hughes. Subsequently, Winn showed that these joint moments can equivalently be written as the moments for the distribution of the trace in the Cauchy unitary ensemble, and furthermore relate to certain hypergeometric functions based on Schur polynomials, which enabled explicit computations. We give a $β$-generalisation of these results, where now the role of the Schur polynomials is played by the Jack polynomials. This leads to an explicit evaluation of the scaled moments for all $β> 0$, subject to the constraint that a particular parameter therein is equal to a non negative integer. Consideration is also given to the calculation of the moments of the singular statistic $\sum_{j=1}^N 1/x_j$ for the Jacobi $β$-ensemble.
description: 29 pages; v2 guided by referee reports
Leading women in respiratory medicine and research: Opportunities for international societies to support women with examples from the American Thoracic Society
Creators: name: Rebuli, Meghan E.
name: Jaspers, Ilona
Publisher: name: Wiley
Year: 2022

description:
Professional societies, from local to international, play major roles in the careers of scientists and health professionals, from visibility and networking to sources of funding, publications, leadership and service. Roles in these societies are also critical criteria in evaluations for obtaining scientific and/or clinical jobs, as well as tenure, promotion and supporting career advancement.
E(3)-Equivariant Graph Neural Networks for Data-Efficient and Accurate Interatomic Potentials
Creators: name: Batzner, Simon
name: Musaelian, Albert
name: Sun, Lixin
name: Geiger, Mario
name: Mailoa, Jonathan P.
name: Kornbluth, Mordechai
name: Molinari, Nicola
name: Smidt, Tess E.
name: Kozinsky, Boris
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This work presents Neural Equivariant Interatomic Potentials (NequIP), an E(3)-equivariant neural network approach for learning interatomic potentials from ab-initio calculations for molecular dynamics simulations. While most contemporary symmetry-aware models use invariant convolutions and only act on scalars, NequIP employs E(3)-equivariant convolutions for interactions of geometric tensors, resulting in a more information-rich and faithful representation of atomic environments. The method achieves state-of-the-art accuracy on a challenging and diverse set of molecules and materials while exhibiting remarkable data efficiency. NequIP outperforms existing models with up to three orders of magnitude fewer training data, challenging the widely held belief that deep neural networks require massive training sets. The high data efficiency of the method allows for the construction of accurate potentials using high-order quantum chemical level of theory as reference and enables high-fidelity molecular dynamics simulations over long time scales.
Pipes, prisms, and patent sales: How personal wealth expands and contracts the gender gap in entrepreneurship
Creators: name: McGrath, Patia J.
name: Chen, Tian
name: Nerkar, Atul
Publisher: name: Wiley
Year: 2022

description:
Research Summary This study investigates whether there is a gender gap in the sale of patents by entrepreneurs and examines whether the personal wealth of female entrepreneurs can compensate for it. Using a sample of 107,697 independent inventors, we overcome the empirical challenge of measuring wealth through a novel approach that leverages Zillow data. We find strong evidence of a gender gap in patent sales, and find it poses a cruel irony for female entrepreneurs. While greater wealth of female entrepreneurs improves their likelihood of patent sale, increasing wealth simultaneously expands the gender gap, making female entrepreneurs increasingly worse off relative to male entrepreneurs except at high affluence. These results underscore the complexity of the challenges facing female entrepreneurs seeking to commercialize using patent sales. Managerial Summary Are female entrepreneurs disadvantaged in monetizing their inventions, relative to male entrepreneurs? Our study, which examines invention commercialization through selling patents, suggests the answer is yes. We begin by evidencing the gender gap in patent sales, showing that female inventors are 41.7% less likely to sell a patent than male inventors. We then investigate whether an entrepreneur′s personal wealth—a financial asset that also represents valuable intangible resources like network connections and competency signals—can help to close it. We find that wealth is a double‐edged sword. Although greater wealth of female entrepreneurs improves their likelihood of patent sale, it can concurrently widen the gap, making them increasingly worse off versus male entrepreneurs. We offer concrete recommendations for closing the gender gap in patent sales.
Nuclear reactions in artificial traps
Creators: name: Guo, Peng
name: Long, Bingwei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Coupled-channel two-particle systems bound by a harmonic trap are discussed in the present paper. We derive the formula that relates the energy levels of such trapped systems to phase shifts and inelasticity of coupled-channel reactions. The formula makes it possible to extract amplitudes of inelastic nuclear reactions from ab initio calculations of discrete levels of many-nucleon systems in a harmonic trap.
description: 7 pages
Strong Asymptotics of Jacobi-Type Kissing Polynomials
Creators: name: Barhoumi, Ahmad
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We investigate asymptotic behavior of polynomials $p^ω_n(z)$ satisfying varying non-Hermitian orthogonality relations $$ \int_{-1}^{1} x^kp^ω_n(x)h(x) e^{\mathrm{i} ωx}\mathrm{d} x =0, \quad k\in\{0,\ldots,n-1\}, $$ where $h(x) = h^*(x) (1 - x)^α (1 + x)^β, \ ω= λn, \ λ\geq 0 $ and $h(x)$ is holomorphic and non-vanishing in a certain neighborhood in the plane. These polynomials are an extension of so-called kissing polynomials ($α= β= 0$) introduced in connection with complex Gaussian quadrature rules with uniform good properties in $ω$.
Energy-Optimal Goal Assignment of Multi-Agent System with Goal Trajectories in Polynomials
Creators: name: Bang, Heeseung
name: Beaver, Logan
name: Malikopoulos, Andreas A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Multiagent Systems (cs.MA)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper, we propose an approach for solving an energy-optimal goal assignment problem to generate the desired formation in multi-agent systems. Each agent solves a decentralized optimization problem with only local information about its neighboring agents and the goals. The optimization problem consists of two sub-problems. The first problem seeks to minimize the energy for each agent to reach certain goals, while the second problem entreats an optimal combination of goal and agent pairs that minimizes the energy cost. By assuming the goal trajectories are given in a polynomial form, we prove the solution to the formulated problem exists globally. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed approach is validated through the simulation.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures