cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Towards a full description of MeV dark matter decoupling: a self-consistent determination of relic abundance and $N_{\rm eff}$
Creators: name: Chu, Xiaoyong
name: Kuo, Jui-Lin
name: Pradler, Josef
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Thermal dark matter at the MeV mass-scale has its abundance set during the highly non-trivial epochs of neutrino decoupling and electron annihilation. The technical obstacles attached to solving Boltzmann equations of multiple interacting sectors being both relativistic and non-relativistic have to-date prevented the full treatment of this problem. Here, for the first time, we calculate the freeze-out of light dark matter, taking into account the energy transfer between the dark sector, neutrinos, and the electromagnetically interacting plasma from annihilation and elastic scattering processes alike. We develop a numerically feasible treatment that allows to track photon and neutrino temperatures across freeze-out and to arrive at a precision prediction of $N_{\rm eff}$ for arbitrary branching ratios of the dark matter annihilation channels. In addition, our treatment resolves for the first time the dark matter temperature evolution across freeze-out involving three sectors. It enters in the efficiency of velocity-dependent annihilation channels and for a flavor-blind $p$-wave annihilation into electron- and neutrino-pairs of all generations, we find the present Planck data excludes a complex scalar dark matter particle of mass of $m_ϕ\leq 7$ MeV.
description: 16 pages, 7 figures, to match the published version
A Graded Metamaterial for Broadband and High-capability Piezoelectric Energy Harvesting
Creators: name: Zhao, Bao
name: Thomsen, Henrik R.
name: De Ponti, Jacopo M.
name: Riva, Emanuele
name: Van Damme, Bart
name: Bergamini, Andrea
name: Chatzi, Eleni
name: Colombi, Andrea
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This work studies a broadband graded metamaterial, which integrates the piezoelectric energy harvesting function targeting low-frequency structural vibrations, lying below 100 Hz. The device combines a graded metamaterial with beam-like resonators, piezoelectric patches and a self-powered piezoelectric interface circuit for energy harvesting. Based on the mechanical and electrical lumped parameters, an integrated model is proposed to investigate the power performance of the proposed design. Thorough numerical simulations were conducted to analyse the spatial frequency separation capacity and the slow-wave phenomenon of the graded metamaterial for broadband and high-capability piezoelectric energy harvesting. Experiments with realistic vibration sources show that the harvested power of the proposed design yields a five-fold increase with respect to conventional harvesting solutions based on single cantilever harvesters. Our results reveal the significant potential on exploitation of graded metamaterials for energy-efficient vibration-powered devices.
title: Liberal versus Political Models of Global Governance (LIEPP Working Paper, n°97)
Creators: name: Hurd, Ian
Publisher: name: Sciences Po - LIEPP
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: FOS: Social sciences
valueUri: http://www.oecd.org/science/inno/38235147.pdf

description: Scholarship on international law in political science is dominated by a liberal paradigm that seeks to distinguish legal forms from political ones. The liberal approach offers a consensual model of international law in which legalization is a manifestation of intergovernmental cooperation in the pursuit of mutual goals. These two assumptions - that law is cooperative and that cooperation is a normative good - lead liberal global governance scholars away from key political questions about international legalization : namely, who wins and who loses. This results in the pathologies that Judith Shklar identified as 'legalism', when legal processes appear as charmed and neutral alternatives to politics. This article examines the liberal framework on global governance and law and contrast it with a competing political view. I show the differences between the two and outline the competing research agendas and policy advice that follows from them. The liberal model leads to the policy suggestion that decisionmakers should comply with international law, for self-interested and for more universal reasons, while the political alternative sees compliance as advancing some interests against others. With different theories of how law and politics are related, the two lead to competing interpretations of history as well as different policy prescriptions.
Precision measurement of the top-quark mass in lepton+jets final states
Creators: name: D0 Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We measure the mass of the top quark in lepton$+$jets final states using the full sample of $p\bar{p}$ collision data collected by the D0 experiment in Run II of the Fermilab Tevatron Collider at $\sqrt s=1.96 $TeV, corresponding to $9.7 {\rm fb}^{-1}$ of integrated luminosity. We use a matrix element technique that calculates the probabilities for each event to result from $t\bar t$ production or background. The overall jet energy scale is constrained in situ by the mass of the $W$ boson. We measure $m_t=174.98\pm0.76$ GeV. This constitutes the most precise single measurement of the top-quark mass.
description: submitted to Phys. Rev. D, 40 pages, detailed documentation of Phys. Rev. Lett. 113, 032002 (2014) [arXiv:1405.1756]
Atmospheric Thematic Services Release #2
Creators: name: Ntouskos, Makis
name: Karantzalos, Konstantinos
name: Chondros, Nikos
name: Pina, Noela
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Atmospheric
Services
Software
Release

description: This deliverable D3.5 presents the list of the thematic Atmospheric services released by the NEANIAS project in its second release cycle, due in M24 of the project.
Protonenvermittelter Ringschluss eines negativ photochromen, Azulen‐basierten Diarylethens
Creators: name: Hou, Ian Cheng-Yi
name: Berger, Fabian
name: Narita, Akimitsu
name: Müllen, Klaus
name: Hecht, Stefan
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Azulen
subject: Diarylethen
subject: Negative Photochromie
subject: Photochemie
subject: Säure-Base-Gleichgewicht
subject: 540 Chemie und zugeordnete Wissenschaften

description: Auf Protonen ansprechende photochrome Moleküle sind aufgrund ihrer Fähigkeit, auf nicht-invasive schnelle optische Stimuli zu reagieren, und wegen der ubiquitären Bedeutung von Protonierungs- und Deprotonierungsprozessen, sehr interessant. Üblicherweise befinden sich die sauren/basischen Stellen dieser Moleküle an Heteroatomen, die orthogonal zum photoaktiven π-Zentrum ausgerichtet sind. In dieser Arbeit wird Azulen, ein protonensensitiver reiner Kohlenwasserstoff, in das Gerüst eines Diarylethen-Photoschalters eingebaut. Dieser zeigt einen bisher ungekannten, protonenvermittelten, negativ photochromen Ringschluss. Veränderungen seiner optischen Eigenschaften durch Protonierung, sowohl in der offenen, als auch in der geschlossenen Form, sind viel ausgeprägter als die von Diarylethen-Photoschaltern mit Säure/Base-Gruppen auf Heteroatombasis. Das einzigartige Verhalten des neuen Photoschalters kann auf die direkte Protonierung seines π-Systems zurückgeführt werden, was sowohl durch 1H-NMR als auch durch theoretische Berechnungen belegt wird. Unsere Ergebnisse zeigen das große Potenzial der Einbindung nicht-alternierender Kohlenwasserstoffe in photochrome Systeme für die Entwicklung von molekularen Schaltern, die auf unterschiedliche Stimuli reagieren.
Phase diagram and magnetic excitations of $J_1$-$J_3$ Heisenberg model on the square lattice
Creators: name: Wu, Muwei
name: Gong, Shou-Shu
name: Yao, Dao-Xin
name: Wu, Han-Qing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the phase diagram and the dynamical spin structure factor of the spin-1/2 J1-J3 Heisenberg model on the square lattice using density matrix renormalization group, exact diagonalization (ED), and cluster perturbation theory (CPT). By extrapolating the order parameters and studying the level crossings of the low-lying energy and entanglement spectra, we obtain the phase diagram of this model and identify a narrow region of quantum spin liquid (QSL) phase followed by a plaquette valence-bond solid (PVBS) state in the intermediate region, whose nature has been controversial for many years. More importantly, we use CPT and ED to study the dynamical spin structure factor in the QSL and the PVBS phase. In the QSL phase, the high-energy magnon mode completely turns into some dispersive weak excitations around the X and M points. For the PVBS phase, the low-energy spectrum is characterized by a gapped triplet excitation, and at the high energy, we find another branch of dispersive excitation with broad continua, which is unlike the plaquette phase in the 2x2 checkerboard model. In the latter case, the second branch of excitation is nearly flat due to the weak effective interactions between the local excitations of the plaquettes. And in the J1-J3 Heisenberg model, the uniform interactions and the spontaneously translational symmetry breaking of the PVBS phase make the difference in the excitation spectra.
description: 14 pages, 14 figures
title: The inflated measures of governmental instability (LIEPP Working Paper, n°96)
Creators: name: Shomer, Yael
name: Rasch, Björn Erik
name: Akirav, Osnat
Publisher: name: Sciences Po - LIEPP
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: FOS: Social sciences
valueUri: http://www.oecd.org/science/inno/38235147.pdf

description: Most analyzes of government instability in parliamentary democracies rests on a standard definition of what counts as a new government. Three criteria are used. A new government exists whenever there is a new Prime Minister, after the occurrence of a general election, and whenever the partisan composition of the government changes. Obviously fruitful in many respects, the definition is problematic if we are interested in the political phenomenon of government stability and instability; governmental durability based on the standard definition of governments is not a valid and useful measure of stability in many parliamentary systems. We argue that this measure from one perspective is too inclusive (not any change in government's partisan composition signifies instability), and from another angle too narrow (focusing almost exclusively on a government as a whole.) We investigate how changes in conceptualization of what constitute new governments, affects the degree of instability in parliamentary democracies. Clearly, definitions make a difference and we demonstrate that countries might be characterized as unstable from one perspective, yet stable from another. Clearly, the commonly used definition of government used to measure government duration inflates instability, at least for some countries. We demonstrate that using more precise definitions of government longevity - ones that do not equate any changes in government's partisan composition as a sign of instability - yield important ramifications for the rank-order of countries' governments instability.
Discrete time crystals enforced by Floquet-Bloch scars
Creators: name: Huang, Biao
name: Leung, Tsz-Him
name: Stamper-Kurn, Dan
name: Liu, W. Vincent
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analytically identify a new class of quantum scars protected by spatiotemporal translation symmetries, dubbed Floquet-Bloch scars. They distinguish from previous (quasi-)static scars by a rigid spectral pairing only possible in Floquet systems, where strong interaction and drivings equalize the quasienergy corrections to all scars and maintain their spectral spacings against generic bilinear perturbations. Scars then enforce the spatial localization and rigid discrete time crystal (DTC) oscillations as verified numerically in a trimerized kagome lattice model relevant to recent cold atom experiments. Our analytical solutions offer a potential scheme to understand the mechanisms for more generic translation-invariant DTCs.
description: 6+11 pages
The transcriptome dynamics of single cells during the cell cycle
Creators: name: Schwabe, Daniel
name: Formichetti, Sara
name: Junker, Jan Philipp
name: Falcke, Martin
name: Rajewsky, Nikolaus
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: cell biology
subject: cell cycle
subject: dynamical systems
subject: single‐cell RNA sequencing
subject: systems biology
subject: 570 Biologie

description: The cell cycle is among the most basic phenomena in biology. Despite advances in single-cell analysis, dynamics and topology of the cell cycle in high-dimensional gene expression space remain largely unknown. We developed a linear analysis of transcriptome data which reveals that cells move along a planar circular trajectory in transcriptome space during the cycle. Non-cycling gene expression adds a third dimension causing helical motion on a cylinder. We find in immortalized cell lines that cell cycle transcriptome dynamics occur largely independently from other cellular processes. We offer a simple method (“Revelio”) to order unsynchronized cells in time. Precise removal of cell cycle effects from the data becomes a straightforward operation. The shape of the trajectory implies that each gene is upregulated only once during the cycle, and only two dynamic components represented by groups of genes drive transcriptome dynamics. It indicates that the cell cycle has evolved to minimize changes of transcriptional activity and the related regulatory effort. This design principle of the cell cycle may be of relevance to many other cellular differentiation processes.
UM ESTUDO COMPARATIVO SOBRE A DUPLA EXCEPCIONALIDADESUPERDOTAÇÃO/HIPERATIVIDADE (TDAH)
Creators: name: DE OUROFINO, VANESSA TEREZINHA ALVES TENTES
name: Fleith, Denise de Souza
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 520102
subject: Educational psychology
classificationCode: 520108
subject: Testing, assessment and psychometrics

description: Este estudo teve como objetivo comparar alunos superdotados, hiperativos e superdotados/hiperativos em relação à criatividade, inteligência, autoconceito, déficit de atenção e hiperatividade/impulsividade, comportamento antissocial e dificuldades de aprendizagem. Participaram do estudo 114 alunos atendidos pela rede de ensino do Distrito Federal, sendo 52 alunos superdotados, 43 alunos portadores de TDAH e 19 alunos superdotados/hiperativos. Utilizou-se uma composição de instrumentos para acessar as variáveis investigadas, tais como análise documental, questionário demográfico, testes psicométricos e escalas de características. Para a análise de dados foi empregada uma análise de variância univariada (ANOVA). Os resultados indicaram diferenças significativas entre os alunos dos três grupos em favor dos superdotados nas medidas de inteligência, autoconceito e criatividade (originalidade verbal). Por outro lado, os alunos hiperativos apresentaram um escore mais elevado nas medidas de desatenção e hiperatividade/impulsividade em comparação aos outros grupos. Os resultados revelaram ainda que os hiperativos apresentaram um escore maior em ambas as medidas de comportamento antissocial e dificuldades de aprendizagem quando comparados aos superdotados.
Black Hole Complementarity in Gravity's Rainbow
Creators: name: Gim, Yongwan
name: Kim, Wontae
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: To see how the gravity's rainbow works for black hole complementary, we evaluate the required energy for duplication of information in the context of black hole complementarity by calculating the critical value of the rainbow parameter in the certain class of the rainbow Schwarzschild black hole. The resultant energy can be written as the well-defined limit for the vanishing rainbow parameter which characterizes the deformation of the relativistic dispersion relation in the freely falling frame. It shows that the duplication of information in quantum mechanics could not be allowed below a certain critical value of the rainbow parameter; however, it might be possible above the critical value of the rainbow parameter, so that the consistent formulation in our model requires additional constraints or any other resolutions for the latter case.
description: 13 pages, 2 figures added and many improvements, version to appear in JCAP
Generic Naked Singularities in Vaidya Spacetimes
Creators: name: Wheeler, James
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the occurrence of naked singularities, local and global, in the incoming Vaidya spacetimes with zero initial mass. While it is well-known that these spacetimes admit locally and globally naked singularities, we demonstrate that globally naked singularities are significantly more common than is stressed in the literature, being generic in a natural topology on this collection of spacetimes. A heuristic consequence of the results is that the slow accumulation of mass is both necessary and sufficient for both types of naked singularities in these spacetimes. We demonstrate that the naked singularity, as long as it exists, always has divergent curvature (Kretschmann scalar) associated to it along emerging null curves, regardless of the form of the mass function. In particular, a consequence is that the curvature strength of the singularity cannot be smoothed away.
description: 10 pages, 1 figure
On inflationary parameters in scalar-tensor theories
Creators: name: Murorunkwere, Beatrice
name: Twagirayezu, Fidele
name: Munyeshyaka, Albert
name: Ntahompagaze, Joseph
name: Ayirwanda, Abraham
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 83F05, 83D05

description: The equivalence between $f(R)$ and scalar-tensor theories is revisited, we consequently explored different $f(R)$ models. After consideration of specific definition of the scalar field, we derived the potentials $V(ϕ)$ for each $f(R)$ model focusing on the early Universe, mostly the inflation epoch. For a given potential, we applied the slow-roll approximation approach to each $f(R)$ model and obtained the expressions for the spectral index $n_{s}$ and tensor-to-scalar ratio $r$. We determined the corresponding numerical values associated with each of the $f(R)$ models. Our results showed that for certain choice of parameter space, the values of $n_{s}$ and $r$ are consistent with the Planck survey results and others produce numerical values that are in the same range as suggested by Planck data. We further constructed the Klein-Gordon equations $(KGE)$ of each $f(R)$ model. We found numerical solutions to each KGE considering different values of free parameters and initial conditions of each $f(R)$ model. All models showed that the scalar field decreases as time increases, an indication that there is less content of the scalar field in the late Universe.
description: $27$ pages, $7$ figures
Quantifying stellar radial migration in an N-body simulation: blurring, churning, and the outer regions of galaxy discs
Creators: name: Halle, A.
name: Di Matteo, P.
name: Haywood, M.
name: Combes, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Radial stellar migration in galactic discs has received much attention in studies of galactic dynamics and chemical evolution, but remains a dynamical phenomenon that needs to be fully quantified. In this work, using a Tree-SPH simulation of an Sb-type disc galaxy, we quantify the effects of blurring (epicyclic excursions) and churning (change of guiding radius). We quantify migration (either blurring or churning) both in terms of flux (the number of migrators passing at a given radius), and by estimating the population of migrators at a given radius at the end of the simulation compared to non-migrators, but also by giving the distance over which the migration is effective at all radii. We confirm that the corotation of the bar is the main source of migrators by churning in a bar-dominated galaxy, its intensity being directly linked to the episode of a strong bar, in the first 1-3 Gyr of the simulation. We show that within the outer Lindblad resonance (OLR), migration is strongly dominated by churning, while blurring gains progressively more importance towards the outer disc and at later times. Most importantly, we show that the OLR limits the exchange of angular momentum, separating the disc in two distinct parts with minimal or null exchange, except in the transition zone, which is delimited by the position of the OLR at the epoch of the formation of the bar, and at the final epoch. We discuss the consequences of these findings for our understanding of the structure of the Milky Way disc. Because the Sun is situated slightly outside the OLR, we suggest that the solar vicinity may have experienced very limited churning from the inner disc.
description: Accepted for publication in Astronomy and Astrophysics (acceptance date: 27/04/15), 24 pages, 24 figures
Precision Calculations for Higgs Boson Physics at the LHC - Four-Loop Corrections to Gluon-Fusion Processes and Higgs Boson Pair-Production at NNLO
Creators: name: Herren, Florian
Publisher: name: Karlsruhe
Year: 2020
Subjects: Higgs Boson
Multi-Loop
QCD
Higgs Boson Pairproduction

description: The search for the pair-production of the Higgs boson and the precise study of its properties are among the corner stones of the physics programme of the Large Hadron Collider and its High-Luminosity upgrade. This thesis focuses on the evaluation of higher-order corrections to Higgs boson pair production: the effective two-Higgs boson–gluon coupling at four loops and next-to-next- to-leading order corrections to the total inclusive cross-section including finite top-quark mass effects. In addition, finite top-quark mass effects in the Higgs boson–gluon vertex are studied at the four-loop order and four-loop corrections to the Higgs boson decay into photons are obtained.
title: Isolated Capital Cities and Misgovernance: Theory and Evidence (LIEPP Working Paper, n°10)
Creators: name: Campante, Filipe
name: Do, Quoc-Anh
name: Guimaraes, Bernardo
Publisher: name: Sciences Po - LIEPP
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: FOS: Social sciences
valueUri: http://www.oecd.org/science/inno/38235147.pdf

description: The shift of regulatory activities to the international level is clearly visible in the increasing number of intergovernmental organizations and sector-specific “regimes,” or in the progress of supranational political integration above all in Europe. But one can also think of a less visible shift that has led to the explosion of transnational regulation outside the intergovernmental realm. This shift takes various forms, including publicprivate ventures or informal modes of cooperation between public actors (Pauwelyn et al. 2012). It is to the study of an increasingly important particular aspect of transnational regulation outside the intergovernmental sphere that this programmatic note is devoted: 2 regulation by non-state actors, such as NGOs and firms, which are two of the three poles of Abbott and Snidal’s (2009) “governance triangle” (the third pole obviously being the state, or more generally public institutions). Such a development is emblematic of “a remarkable period of institutional innovation in transnational governance” (Hale & Held 2010) (...).
Dimensional oxidation and modular completion of non-geometric type IIB action
Creators: name: Gao, Xin
name: Shukla, Pramod
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Utilizing a setup of type IIB superstring theory compactified on an orientifold of T^6/(Z2xZ2), we propose a modular invariant dimensional oxidation of the four-dimensional scalar potential. In the oxidized ten-dimensional supergravity action, the standard NS-NS and RR three form fluxes (H-, F-) as well as the non-geometric fluxes (Q-, P-) are found to nicely rearrange themselves to form generalized flux-combinations. As an application towards moduli stabilization, using the same S-duality invariant scalar potential, we examine the recently proposed No-Go theorem (in arXiv:1409.7075) about creating a mass-hierarchy between universal-axion and the dilaton relevant for axionic-inflation. Considering a two-field dynamics of universal axion and dilaton while assuming the other moduli/axions being stabilized, we find a part of the No-Go arguments to be quite robust even with the inclusion of non-geometric (Q-, P-) fluxes.
description: version4: 26 pages, minor changes, published version
High speed processing of NiFe2O4 spinel using a laser furnace
Creators: name: Özçelik, B.
name: Özçelik, S.
name: Amaveda, H.
name: Santos, H.
name: Borrell, C.J.
name: Saez-Puche, R.
name: de la Fuente, G.F.
name: Angurel, L.A.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Other chemical sciences not elsewhere classified

description: The Laser Furnace (LF) method has been applied to directionally solidify NiFe2O4 spinel disks from a mixture of Fe and Ni oxides in order to obtain uniform, dense targets for controlled synthesis of spinel nanoparticles via Laser Ablation. Application of a CO2 laser in Line Scan mode onto a sample with the desired stoichiometry, enabled melt processing above 1580 ?C at its outer surface layer. This process was carried out inside a continuous roller furnace at a maximum volume temperature of 1000 deg C. Such combination helps avoid excessive thermal stress, crack formation and catastrophic failure of these magnetic ceramic monoliths. Higher energy incubation values yield increased molten volumes and a thicker resolidified surface layer with a dense microstructure. Despite the high solidification rates imposed, NiFe2O4 spinel is the main phase obtained according to X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) and magnetization studies. LF processed samples exhibit a reduction of the coercive fields and an increase of the saturation magnetization values, evidence for soft ferromagnetism and characteristic of the magnetic behaviour associated with this spinel. This work demonstrates the convenience of the LF method for preparation of uniform, dense targets for Laser Ablation and other evaporation based techniques used in the fabrication of nanoparticles.
Supergravities on Branes
Creators: name: Leung, Rahim
name: Stelle, K. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Supergravity brane solutions allow for a generalised type of Kaluza-Klein reduction onto brane worldvolumes. The known replacement of a flat worldvolume metric by a Ricci-flat metric constitutes a consistent Kaluza-Klein truncation of the starting higher-dimensional supergravity theory down to a lower-dimensional pure gravity theory. This paper shows how to extend such a brane-worldvolume pure-gravity consistent truncation to that for a full nonlinear supergravity theory for the Type IIB D3-brane and the M-theory/Type IIA M5-brane. The extension of worldvolume supersymmetry is given by the unbroken supersymmetry of the original flat "skeleton" brane. Compatibility with further worldvolume diagonal and transverse vertical dimensional reductions is also shown, providing the brane-worldvolume supergravity embeddings of all descendants of the skeleton D3- and M5-branes. Examples are given of brane-worldvolume supergravity solutions embedded into the corresponding higher-dimensional supergravities.
description: 33 pages
A Multicritical Point with Infinite Fractal Symmetries
Creators: name: Myerson-Jain, Nayan
name: Su, Kaixiang
name: Xu, Cenke
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently a ``Pascal's triangle model" constructed with $\text{U}(1)$ rotor degrees of freedom was introduced, and it was shown that ($\textit{i}$.) this model possesses an infinite series of fractal symmetries; and ($\textit{ii}$.) it is the parent model of a series of $Z_p$ fractal models each with its own distinct fractal symmetry. In this work we discuss a multi-critical point of the Pascal's triangle model that is analogous to the Rokhsar-Kivelson (RK) point of the better known quantum dimer model. We demonstrate that the expectation value of the characteristic operator of each fractal symmetry at this multi-critical point decays as a power-law of space, and this multi-critical point is shared by the family of descendent $Z_p$ fractal models. Afterwards, we generalize our discussion to a $(3+1)d$ model termed the ``Pascal's tetrahedron model" that has both planar and fractal subsystem symmetries. We also establish a connection between the Pascal's tetrahedron model and the $\text{U}(1)$ Haah's code.
description: 10.5 pages, 4 figures
title: Isolated Capital Cities, Accountability and Corruption: Evidence from US States (LIEPP Working Paper, n°12)
Creators: name: Do, Quoc-Anh
name: Campante, Filipe
Publisher: name: Sciences Po - LIEPP
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: FOS: Social sciences
valueUri: http://www.oecd.org/science/inno/38235147.pdf

description: We show that isolated capital cities are robustly associated with greater levels of corruption across US states, in line with the view that this isolation reduces accountability, and in contrast with the alternative hypothesis that it might forestall political capture. We then provide direct evidence that the spatial distribution of population relative to the capital affects different accountability mechanisms over state politics: newspaper coverage, voter knowledge and information, and turnout. We also find evidence against the capture hypothesis: isolated capitals are associated with more money in state-level campaigns. Finally, we show that isolation is linked with worse public good provision.
What are People Talking about in #BlackLivesMatter and #StopAsianHate? Exploring and Categorizing Twitter Topics Emerging in Online Social Movements through the Latent Dirichlet Allocation Model
Creators: name: Tong, Xin
name: Li, Yixuan
name: Li, Jiayi
name: Bei, Rongqi
name: Zhang, Luyao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: J.4; I.2.7; K.4.2

description: Minority groups have been using social media to organize social movements that create profound social impacts. Black Lives Matter (BLM) and Stop Asian Hate (SAH) are two successful social movements that have spread on Twitter that promote protests and activities against racism and increase the public's awareness of other social challenges that minority groups face. However, previous studies have mostly conducted qualitative analyses of tweets or interviews with users, which may not comprehensively and validly represent all tweets. Very few studies have explored the Twitter topics within BLM and SAH dialogs in a rigorous, quantified and data-centered approach. Therefore, in this research, we adopted a mixed-methods approach to comprehensively analyze BLM and SAH Twitter topics. We implemented (1) the latent Dirichlet allocation model to understand the top high-level words and topics and (2) open-coding analysis to identify specific themes across the tweets. We collected more than one million tweets with the #blacklivesmatter and #stopasianhate hashtags and compared their topics. Our findings revealed that the tweets discussed a variety of influential topics in depth, and social justice, social movements, and emotional sentiments were common topics in both movements, though with unique subtopics for each movement. Our study contributes to the topic analysis of social movements on social media platforms in particular and the literature on the interplay of AI, ethics, and society in general.
description: Accepted at AAAI and ACM Conference on AI, Ethics, and Society, August 1 to 3, 2022, Oxford, United Kingdom
A STUDY ON SUSTAINABLE URBAN RENEWAL MODEL
Creators: name: ŞEN Nihat
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Urban Transformation
Sustainability
Energy Efficiency
Building Stocks

description: The study is based on the notion that urban renewal projects should not only focus on physical transformation, but also take into account environmental, economic, and social sustainability principles. The study is based on the idea that urban regeneration projects should not only focus on physical transformation but also consider environmental, economic, and social sustainability principles. Through a literature review, the thesis covers the definition, rationale, historical context, and the relationship between sustainability and urban regeneration, sustainable urban regeneration approaches, and the importance of sustainability principles in urban regeneration projects. The thesis defines the concept of sustainable urban regeneration models and provides information on the feasibility, requirements, and examples of its implementation. In addition, examples of urban regeneration projects in Istanbul are evaluated in terms of sustainability principles and a sustainability assessment of the projects is conducted based on the principles of the sustainable urban regeneration model. In conclusion, the study shows that the application of the sustainable urban regeneration model can take into account environmental, economic, and social sustainability principles during the process of renewing building stocks in cities. Building stocks in cities are generally constructed without considering environmental, economic, and social sustainability principles during the process of urbanization over the years. Therefore, during the renewal process of building stocks, physical transformation alone is not sufficient. Environmental, economic, and social sustainability principles should also be considered. Furthermore, there are a number of measures that can be taken on this issue. These measures include, for example, energy efficiency, waste management, increasing green areas, locating near public transportation systems, creating social living spaces, and using methods that encourage community participation. In this way, the sustainable urban regeneration model can contribute to the creation of a more livable, sustainable, and socially just urbanization model that takes into account environmental, economic, and social sustainability principles. The thesis emphasizes the importance of urban regeneration projects being carried out in line with sustainability principles rather than solely focusing on physical transformation.
Combining $2D$ synchrosqueezed wave packet transform with optimization for crystal image analysis
Creators: name: Lu, Jianfeng
name: Wirth, Benedikt
name: Yang, Haizhao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We develop a variational optimization method for crystal analysis in atomic resolution images, which uses information from a 2D synchrosqueezed transform (SST) as input. The synchrosqueezed transform is applied to extract initial information from atomic crystal images: crystal defects, rotations and the gradient of elastic deformation. The deformation gradient estimate is then improved outside the identified defect region via a variational approach, to obtain more robust results agreeing better with the physical constraints. The variational model is optimized by a nonlinear projected conjugate gradient method. Both examples of images from computer simulations and imaging experiments are analyzed, with results demonstrating the effectiveness of the proposed method.
A unified description for dipoles of the fine-structure constant and SnIa Hubble diagram in Finslerian universe
Creators: name: Li, Xin
name: Lin, Hai-Nan
name: Wang, Sai
name: Chang, Zhe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a Finsler spacetime scenario of the anisotropic universe. The Finslerian universe requires both the fine-structure constant and accelerating cosmic expansion have dipole structure, and the directions of these two dipoles are the same. Our numerical results show that the dipole direction of SnIa Hubble diagram locates at $(l,b)=(314.6^\circ\pm20.3^\circ,-11.5^\circ\pm12.1^\circ)$ with magnitude $B=(-3.60\pm1.66)\times10^{-2}$. And the dipole direction of the fine-structure constant locates at $(l,b)=(333.2^\circ\pm8.8^\circ,-12.7^\circ\pm6.3^\circ)$ with magnitude $B=(0.97\pm0.21)\times10^{-5}$. The angular separation between the two dipole directions is about $18.2^\circ$.
description: 10 pages, 1 figure
title: Aspects of the development of structural carpentry 1600-1800
Creators: name: T. Yeomans, D.
Publisher: name: University of Liverpool Repository
Year: 2023

description: Medieval side purlin roofs had their principal rafters strutted from the tie beam with members acting in compression. By the beginning of the nineteenth century these had been superceded by the use of king post and queen post roof trusses with posts in tension. This study shows that. the trussed king post roof was first introduced into England by Inigo Jones and traces its subsequent development. It shows that Christopher Wren derived his knowledge of the trussed roof from Bernardino Baldi's Mechanics and was important in developing the queen post truss and transmitting a knowledge of these forms to his assistants and carpenters. Through a study of eighteenth century drawings, surviving roofs and contemporary carpenters' manuals, the study also explores the level of structural understanding during this period.
Manifold formation and crossings of ultracold lattice spinor atoms in the intermediate interaction regime
Creators: name: Fang, Xue-Ting
name: Dai, Zheng-Qi
name: Xiang, Di
name: Chen, Shou-Long
name: Li, Shao-Jun
name: Gao, Xiang
name: Zhu, Qian-Ru
name: Deng, Xing
name: Cao, Lushuai
name: Hu, Zhong-Kun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Ultracold spinor atoms in the weak and strong interaction regime have received extensive investigations, while the behavior in the intermediate regime is less understood. We numerically investigate ultracold spinor atomic ensembles of finite size in the intermediate interaction regime, and reveal the evolution of the eigenstates from the strong to the intermediate regime. In the strong interaction regime, it has been well known that the low-lying eigenenergy spectrum presents the well-gaped multi-manifold structure, and the energy gaps protect the categorization of the eigenstates. In the intermediate interaction regime, it is found that the categorization of the eigenstates is preserved, and the eigenenergy spectrum become quasi-continuum, with different manifolds becoming overlapped. The overlapping induces both direct and avoided crossings between close-lying manifolds, which is determined by the combined symmetries of the eigenstates involved in the crossing. A modified t-J model is derived to describe the low-lying eigenstates in the intermediate regime, which can capture the formation and crossings of the manifolds. State preparation through the avoided crossings is also investigated.
description: 8 pages,6 figures
Henize 2-10: the ongoing formation of a nuclear star cluster around a massive black hole
Creators: name: Arca-Sedda, Manuel
name: Capuzzo-Dolcetta, Roberto
name: Antonini, Fabio
name: Seth, Anil Chandra
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The central region of the galaxy Henize 2-10 has a central black hole (BH) with a mass of about $2\times 10^6$ M$_\odot$. While this black hole does not appear to coincide with any central stellar over density, it is surrounded by 11 young massive clusters with masses above $10^5$ M$_\odot$. The availability of high quality data on the structure of the galaxy and the age and mass of the clusters provides excellent initial conditions for studying the dynamical evolution of Henize 2-10's nucleus. Here we present a set of $N$-body simulations of the central clusters and black hole to understand whether and how they will merge to form a nuclear star cluster. Nuclear star clusters (NSCs) are present in a majority of galaxies with stellar mass similar to Henize 2-10. Despite the results depend on the choice of initial conditions, we find that a NSC with mass $M_{NSC}\simeq 4-6\times 10^6$ M$_\odot$ and effective radius $r_{NSC}\simeq 2.6-4.1$ pc will form within $0.2$ Gyr. This work is the first showing, in a realistic realization of the host galaxy and its star cluster system, that the formation of a bright nucleus is a process that can happen after the formation of a central massive BH leading to a composite NSC+BH central system. The merging process of the clusters does not affect significantly the kinematics of the BH, whose motion, after the globular cluster merger, is limited to a $\sim 1$ pc oscillation at less than $2$ kms$^{-1}$ speed.
description: 14 pages, 17 figures, 5 tables. Accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal
Dust
Creators: name: Hassall, Linda
Publisher: name: Griffith University
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 360403
subject: Drama, theatre and performance studies

description: Dust is envisioned as a contemporary performance investigation of a future apocalyptic world. Set in a climate changed wasteland of our own making, Dust explores the days after the day of the cataclysmic natural disaster that heralded the end of the world as we know it. Delivered from the perspective of one of the last surviving communities living in an unrecognisable landscape, the play explores conflicting positions on the climate change crisis and questions why more wasn’t done to avert The Final Disaster. Posing hypothetical situations and experiences, Dust moves between time frames that span the chaos experienced by survivors directly after the disaster to some point in the future where human beings are on the very edge of extinction. Dust aims to provoke dialogues about what might happen if something isn’t done about climate change in the immediate future. Dust was produced at Metro Arts in Brisbane, Australia in September 2015. Written and directed by Linda Hassall.Photographs courtesy Shaun Charles.
Optimal Control of the 3D Damped Navier-Stokes-Voigt Equations with Control Constraints
Creators: name: Kumarasamy, Sakthivel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 49J20, 76D05, 93C20

description: In this paper, we consider the 3D Navier-Stokes-Voigt (NSV) equations with nonlinear damping $|u|^{r-1}u, r\in[1,\infty)$ in bounded and space-periodic domains. We formulate an optimal control problem of minimizing the curl of the velocity field in the energy norm subject to the flow velocity satisfying the damped NSV equation with a distributed control force. The control also needs to obey box-type constraints. For any $r\geq 1,$ the existence and uniqueness of a weak solution is discussed when the domain $Ω$ is periodic/bounded in $\mathbb R^3$ while a unique strong solution is obtained in the case of space-periodic boundary conditions. We prove the existence of an optimal pair for the control problem. Using the classical adjoint problem approach, we show that the optimal control satisfies a first-order necessary optimality condition given by a variational inequality. Since the optimal control problem is non-convex, we obtain a second-order sufficient optimality condition showing that an admissible control is locally optimal. Further, we derive optimality conditions in terms of adjoint state defined with respect to the growth of the damping term for a global optimal control.
description: 36 pages
Forecasting summer-time overheating in UK homes using time series models
Creators: name: Gustin, Matej
Publisher: name: Loughborough University
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 129999 Built Environment and Design not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Civil engineering

description: Heatwaves are projected to become more frequent, intense and long-lasting in the UK and the prevalence of overheating in dwellings is set to increase. As a result, occupants will experience increased levels of thermal discomfort, heat stress and heat-related morbidity and mortality. Since the use of mechanical air conditioning in dwellings is unsustainable, and not widely affordable, it is of utmost importance to understand when heat related health risks are anticipated in free-running dwellings. This is crucial for vulnerable occupants, such as the elderly, for whom the accurate detection of future heat risks could prepare them (or their carers) for timely mitigation, for example, through additional window ventilation or the use of shading. Many countries deploy Heat-Health Warning Systems (HHWS) to alert their populations, however, these generally apply to a wide area and are based exclusively on regional weather forecasts. Consequently, HHWSs are unable to identify where, when, or to what extent individual buildings (and their occupants) will be affected. Previous studies have investigated the use of time series forecasting models, with the majority considering the use of Model Predictive Control. There is, however, no rigorous scientific evidence to support the belief that such models can provide accurate predictions in free-running dwellings during heatwaves and over multi-day forecasting horizons. This thesis therefore examines the use of black-box forecasting models to provide reliable predictions of the impending indoor temperatures in UK homes. Having established the viability of this approach, the application of such models in the context of an indoor Heat-Health Warning System (iHHWS) has been explored. This research led to five main findings: (i) linear AutoRegressive forecasting models with eXogenous inputs (ARX), i.e. weather forecasts, can provide satisfactory accuracies during heatwaves for time horizons up to 72 h ahead; (ii) more complex semi-parametric Generalized Additive Models (GAMs) were not capable of significantly improving the forecasting accuracy at forecasting horizons over 6 h (iii) logistic GAMs can predict the window opening state with adequate discrimination, however, integration of the window state into forecasting models did not improve their accuracy; (iv) forecasting models could be usefully incorporated within an iHHWS, however, the warning lead-time should be constrained to less than 24 h in order to guarantee high confidence in such a system; (v) a weighted metric such as the Cumulative Heat Index (CHI) could further reduce the risks of false or missed warnings, increasing the dependability of the iHHWS.