cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Genome-based approaches to develop epitope-driven subunit vaccines against pathogens of infective endocarditis
Creators: name: Vani Priyadarshini
name: Dibyabhaba Pradhan
name: Munikumar, Manne
name: Swargam, Sandeep
name: Amineni Umamaheswari
name: D. Rajasekhar
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2014
Subjects: Molecular Biology

description: Infective endocarditis (IE) has emerged as a public health problem due to changes in the etiologic spectrum and due to involvement of resistant bacterial strains with increased virulence. Developing potent vaccine is an important strategy to tackle IE. Complete genome sequences of eight selected pathogens of IE paved the way to design common T-cell driven subunit vaccines. Comparative genomics and subtractive genomic analysis were applied to identify adinosine tri phosphate (ATP)-binding cassette (ABC) transporter ATP-binding protein from Streptococcus mitis (reference organism) as common vaccine target. Reverse vaccinology technique was implemented using computational tools such as ProPred, SYFPEITHI, and Immune epitope database. Twenty-one T-cell epitopes were predicted from ABC transporter ATP-binding protein. Multiple sequence alignment of ABC transporter ATP-binding protein from eight selected IE pathogens was performed to identify six conserved T-cell epitopes. The six selected T-cell epitopes were further evaluated at structure level for HLA-DRB binding through homology modeling and molecular docking analysis using Maestro v9.2. The proposed six T-cell epitopes showed better binding affinity with the selected HLA-DRB alleles. Subsequently, the docking complexes of T-cell epitope and HLA-DRBs were ranked based on XP Gscore. The T-cell epitope (208-LNYITPDVV-216)–HLA-DRB1∗0101 (1T5 W) complex having the best XP Gscore (−13.25 kcal/mol) was assessed for conformational stability and interaction stability through molecular dynamic simulation for 10 ns using Desmond v3.2. The simulation results revealed that the HLA-DRB–epitope complex was stable throughout the simulation time. Thus, the epitope would be ideal candidate for T-cell driven subunit vaccine design against infective endocarditis.
Forecast of COVID19 infections, USA
Creators: name: Fabio, Gori
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: covid19
data analysis
forecast
Malthus equation
Verhulst equation

description: Coronavirus Disease Research Community – COVID-19
 ZENODO CERN, May 11th, 2020
 Publication date: May 10th, 2020
 Title: Forecast of COVID19 infections, USA
 Authors: Gori Fabio, University of Rome Tor Vergata
 ORCID 0000-0002-3927-2834
 I have updated the COVID19 infections data and forecast in USA on May 10th, publishing the graphs on the
 following free blogs:
 https://covid19forecast.blogspot.com/
 https://usacovid19.blogspot.com/
 The same figures are reported here.
 The forecast of the total positive cases, according to the Verhulst equation, is over 1,450,000 cases, with a
 ratio per 1000 capita of 4.4, while the forecast of the total deaths is over 88,000. The forecast of the new cases is showing the trend to decrease.
description: Update of May 10th.
The remarkable efficiency of a Pin-II proteinase inhibitor sans two conserved disulfide bonds is due to enhanced flexibility and hydrogen bond density in the reactive site loop
Creators: name: Joshi, Rakesh S.
name: Manasi Mishra
name: Vaijayanti A. Tamhane
name: Anirban Ghosh
name: Uddhavesh Sonavane
name: C.G. Suresh
name: Joshi, Rajendra
name: Gupta, Vidya S.
name: Giri, Ashok P.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: 60506 Virology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Plant Biology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Information and Computing Sciences
subject: Biological Sciences
subject: Chemistry
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Biophysics
subject: Molecular Biology

description: Capsicum annuum (L.) expresses diverse potato type II family proteinase inhibitors comprising of inhibitory repeat domain (IRD) as basic functional unit. Most IRDs contain eight conserved cysteines forming four disulfide bonds, which are indispensible for their stability and activity. We investigated the functional significance of evolutionary variations in IRDs and their role in mediating interaction between the inhibitor and cognate proteinase. Among the 18 IRDs encoded by C. annuum, IRD-7, -9, and -12 were selected for further characterization on the basis of variation in their reactive site loop, number of conserved cysteine residues, and higher theoretical ΔGbind for interaction with Helicoverpa armigera trypsin. Moreover, inhibition kinetics showed that IRD-9, despite loss of some of the disulfide bonds, was a more potent proteinase inhibitor among the three selected IRDs. Molecular dynamic simulations revealed that serine residues in the place of cysteines at seventh and eighth positions of IRD-9 resulted in an increase in the density of intramolecular hydrogen bonds and reactive site loop flexibility. Results of the serine residues chemical modification also supported this observation and provided a possible explanation for the remarkable inhibitory potential of IRD-9. Furthermore, this natural variant among IRDs showed special attributes like stability to proteolysis and synergistic inhibitory effect on other IRDs. It is likely that IRDs have coevolved selective specialization of their structure and function as a response towards specific insect proteases they encountered. Understanding the molecular mechanism of pest protease–plant proteinaceous inhibitor interaction will help in developing effective pest control strategies.An animated interactive 3D complement (I3DC) is available in Proteopedia at http://proteopedia.org/w/Journal:JBSD:39
Trends in amino acid usage across the class Mollicutes
Creators: name: Iriarte, Andrés
name: Baraibar, Juan Diego
name: Diana, Leticia
name: Castro-Sowinski, Susana
name: Romero, Héctor
name: Musto, Héctor
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Biological Sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Chemistry
subject: Earth and Environmental Sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: Medicine
subject: Molecular Biology

description: Many studies have explored the mechanisms involved in relative amino acid usage (RAAU) in a variety of prokaryotes and eukaryotes. A strong bias was observed in highly expressed genes (HEGs) of endosymbiotic bacteria. By means of correspondence analysis, we studied the major trends affecting internal variability of RAAU in Mollicutes. The principal trend is related to the usage of smaller, less aromatic, and GC-rich coded amino acids in HEGs. Given the nature of the genetic code, these properties are linked among them. Expectedly, we found a slow evolutionary rate of HEGs, which is likely driven by purifying selection. On the other hand, the rest of the genes accumulate rapid changes as a result of the extreme mutational bias toward A + T of the genomes and genetic drift, increasing internal variability. Amino acid changes across the phylogeny of the group were traced in order to estimate the mean molecular weight and aromaticity trends in each branch. Finally, we compared amino acid usage bias within and between Mollicutes and the free-living Firmicutes.
title: “We want to get this man” – Germany requests Lebanon to extradite high-ranking Syrian official accused of crimes against humanity
Creators: name: Talmon, Stefan
name: Wittum, Patrick Alexander
Publisher: name: Fachinformationsdienst für internationale und interdisziplinäre Rechtsforschung
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 341

description: GPIL - German Practice in International Law
Molecular dynamics studies on both bound and unbound renin protease
Creators: name: Brás, Natércia F.
name: Fernandes, Pedro A.
name: Ramos, Maria J.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2014
Subjects: Molecular Biology

description: The aspartic protease renin (REN) catalyses the rate-limiting step in the Renin–Angiotensin–Aldosterone System (RAAS), which regulates cardiovascular and renal homoeostasis in living organisms. Renin blockage is therefore an attractive therapeutic strategy for the treatment of hypertension. Herein, computational approaches were used to provide a structural characterization of the binding site, flap opening and dynamic rearrangements of REN in the key conserved residues and water molecules, with the binding of a dodecapeptide substrate or different inhibitors. All these structural insights during catalysis may assist future studies in developing novel strategies for REN inactivation. Our molecular dynamics simulations of several unbound-REN and bound-REN systems indicate similar flexible-segments plasticity with larger fluctuations in those belonging to the C-domain (exposed to the solvent). These segments are thought to assist the flap opening and closure to allow the binding of the substrate and catalytic water molecules. The unbound-REN simulation suggests that the flap can acquire three different conformations: closed, semi-open and open. Our results indicate that the semi-open conformation is already sufficient and appropriate for the binding of the angiotensinogen (Ang) tail, thus contributing to the high specificity of REN, and that both semi-open and open flap conformations are present in free and complexed enzymes. We additionally observed that the Tyr75–Trp39 H-bond has an important role in assisting flap movement, and we highlight several conserved water molecules and amino acids that are essential for the proper catalytic activity of REN.
Responding to Industry Needs and a Rapidly Evolving Industry: A Design Thinking Approach to Undergraduate Course Development in Communication Design
Creators: name: Muraki, Leisha Sueko Kehaulani
Publisher: name: RMIT University
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 330306
subject: Design practice and methods
classificationCode: 390303
subject: Higher education
classificationCode: 390101
subject: Creative arts, media and communication curriculum and pedagogy

description: The teaching of communication design balances creative and technical instruction, aiming to develop skilled graduates with the capabilities and knowledge to complete client projects effectively. It is a balance often scrutinized by design businesses who claim graduates lack the skills, knowledge, or preparation necessary to meet commercial realities.

The design industry expects universities to align graduate competencies with professional requirements, producing students who not only excel in today’s cutting-edge technologies but also possess the skills to quickly adapt to the unknowns needed for tomorrow. In attempting to comply, universities must continuously advance curriculum design. Yet, the design profession constantly evolves, influenced by technological advancement, globalism, and shifting cultural trends. Could a university ever prepare graduates for such rapid change and uncertainty?

The work shared within this thesis attempted to answer such a question by examining undergraduate design course material, its current preparation, and its ongoing relationship to an evolving design industry. While other studies exist, none applied research methods based on the same processes used in design practice, specifically the design thinking process. This process, used by designers to solve complex problems, also served as an underlying procedural framework for this thesis.

The research involved a thematic triangulation of three case studies and an analysis of congruence and new opportunities between case study insights and prior pedagogy studies. The outcome is a propositional course outline and framework, leveraging industry partnership, interdisciplinary skills, and the encouragement of student meta-cognitive knowledge or, more simply, self-reflection.
PeaceMakerGPT: Open Source AI for Global Peacekeeping
Creators: name: Landry, Marie Seshat
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Peace Corps

description: PeaceMakerGPT is an open-source AI peacekeeping initiative that detects early signs of warmongering, hate speech, and incitement to violence using open-source intelligence (OSINT) and advanced natural language processing (NLP). Grounded in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR), the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR), and the UN Charter, PeaceMakerGPT aims to empower a decentralized global movement to accelerate world peace by 2026. This document provides the full open-source release package for public deployment and virality.
Molecular level activation insights from a NR2A/NR2B agonist
Creators: name: Weng IeongTou
name: Su-Sen Chang
name: Dongchuan Wu
name: Lai, Ted Weita
name: Wang, Yu Tian
name: Hsu, Chung Y.
name: Yu-ChianChen, Calvin
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2014
Subjects: Molecular Biology

description: N-methyl D-aspartate receptors (NMDARs), a subclass of glutamate receptors have broad actions in neural transmission for major brain functions. Overactivation of NMDARs leading to “excitotoxicity” is the underlying mechanism of neuronal death in a number of neurological diseases, especially stroke. Much research effort has been directed toward developing pharmacological agents to modulate NMDAR actions for treating neurological diseases, in particular stroke. Here, we report that Alliin, a sulfoxide in fresh garlic, exhibits affinity toward NR2A as well as NR2B receptors based on virtual screening. Biological activities of Alliin on these two receptors were confirmed in electrophysiological studies. Ligand-binding site closure, a structural change precluding ion channel opening, was observed with Alliin during 100 ns molecular dynamics simulation. Alliin interactions with NR2A and NR2B suggest that residues E/A413, H485, T690, and Y730 may play important roles in the conformation shift. Activation of NR2A and NR2B by Alliin can be differentiated from that caused by glutamate, the endogenous neurotransmitter. These characteristic molecular features in NR2A and NR2B activation provide insight into structural requirements for future development of novel drugs with selective interaction with NR2A and NR2B for treating neurological diseases, particularly stroke.
Beyond Accuracy: Understanding and Modeling the Role of User Conformity in Recommender Systems
Creators: name: Ma, Chenglong
Publisher: name: RMIT University
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 460510
subject: Recommender systems

description: Recommender Systems (RSs), particularly Collaborative Filtering (CF) models, commonly employed in e-commerce domains, face challenges in adapting to sudden population-scale events, such as the COVID-19 pandemic and annual Black Friday shopping events.

My initial study uncovers a phenomenon termed "population-scale concept drift" in user interaction behavior. During pandemic-like events, individuals exhibit imitative behavior, leading to abrupt shifts in their interactions with CF systems. Grounded in the theory of user needs, our simulation-based framework, the Need Evolution Simulator (NEST), utilizing model-agnostic reinforcement learning, investigates the impact of rapid drifts in user behavior on RSs. By simulating the evolution of human needs, we analyze macro-trends in population dynamics, providing insights into the influence of events on CF models. Experimental results reveal an initial impact on CF performance during the early stages of events, followed by an exacerbated population herding effect. This effect introduces a popularity bias, benefiting some users but compromising the overall user experience. To address this, we propose an adaptive ensemble method that optimally adapts algorithms to different event stages.

In our second study, we comprehensively examine temporal dynamics in user behavior and their impact on recommendation systems under both pandemic-related contingencies and calm circumstances. Drawing on user need theory, we highlight the irrationality of individuals' decision-making, often influenced by peers in the same social community. Our community detection-based evaluation approach effectively identifies collaborative concept drifts among users, shedding light on the evolution of herds in RS under extreme outlier events and calm environments. Findings indicate that CF models may achieve high accuracy by recommending popular items during population-level herd behavior, limiting recommendation diversity. Traditional evaluation methods focusing solely on accuracy may not comprehensively measure RS performance.

Additionally, our third work investigates the influence of user conformity behavior on RSs. Conventional RSs assume user behavior is solely driven by individual interests, overlooking the impact of peer influence and resulting conformity behavior. Solutions that indiscriminately eliminate such bias may depersonalize recommendations. We propose the Temporal Conformity-aware Hawkes Network (TCHN) model, based on Hawkes processes, to identify two forms of conformity behavior: informational conformity and normative conformity. TCHN disentangles user interest and conformity in a personalized manner, incorporating attention-based methods to model stable and volatile dynamics. Experiments on real-world datasets demonstrate varying conformity scales among users, with TCHN exhibiting advantages in accuracy and diversity in recommendations.
The quantitative determination and some values of dimethyl sulphide in white table wines
Creators: name: Loubser, G. J.
name: Du Plessis, C. S.
Publisher: name: VITIS - Journal of Grapevine Research
Year: 2016

description: A gaschromatographic headspace method has been developed for the quantitative determination of dimethyl sulphide (DMS) in wines. The standard deviation of the method was in the order of 6%. Application of the method to the analysis of several white wines showed DMS values which varied from O to over 400 µg/1. From analytical data it appeared that DMS developed in the bottle and could as such possibly contribute to bottle bouquet. It was found that maturecl Riesling wines had particularly high concentrations of DMS. Die quantitative Bestimmung von Dimethylsulfid in weißen Tafelweinen sowie einige Angaben über seine Konzentration Für die quantitative Bestimmung von Dimethylsulfid (DMS) in Wein wurde unter Verwendung der „headspace"-Technik und von Dichlormethan als Standard eine gaschromatographische Methode entwickelt. Die Genauigkeit der Methode liegt bei einer Standardabweichung von 6%. Bei der Anwendung der Methode auf eine Reihe von Weißweinen wurden DMS-Werte zwischen O und über 400 µg/l ermittelt. DMS scheint sich während der Ausreifung des Weines in der Flasche zu entwickeln und könnte zum sogenannten Lagerungsbukett beitragen. Besonders hohe DMS-Konzentrationen wurden in älteren Riesling-Weinen festgestellt.
description: VITIS - Journal of Grapevine Research, Vol. 15 No. 4 (1976): Vitis
Kurz-Input für die Co-Creation Goup "Digitale Lehre"
Creators: name: Nacken, Heribert
Publisher: name: RWTH Aachen University
Year: 2019

description: Workshop Digitale Lehre an der Universität Freiburg, Freiburg, Breisgau, Germany, 30 Sep 2019 - 30 Sep 2019; 19 Folien (2019).
Studies on the cytokinins in fruits I. Occurrence and levels of cytokinin-like substances in grape berries at different developmental stages
Creators: name: Chacko, E. K.
name: Saidha, T.
name: Swamy, R. Dore
name: Reddy, Y. N.
name: Kohli, R. R.
Publisher: name: VITIS - Journal of Grapevine Research
Year: 2016

description: The occurrence and levels of cytokinin-like substances in the berries of Bangalore Blue grapes were studied at different stages of growth. The concentration of cytokinins was maximum cluring anthesis ancl the first rapid growth period. The level of cytokinins cleclined markedly cluring the lag and subsequent rapid growth phase. Two growth promoting zones were cletectecl by soybean callus bioassay in the thin layer chromatographs of berry extracts, at all stages of sampling. Although the identity of cytokinin-like substances has not been establishecl, the present study supports the hypothesis that besides auxins, gibberellins, abscisic acid and ethylene, cytokinins are also involvecl in the growth and development of grape berries. Untersuchungen über die Cytokinine in Früchten I. Vorkommen und Gehalt cytokininartiger Substanzen in Traubenbeeren verschiedenen Entwicklungszustandes In verschiedenen Entwicklungsstadien der Beeren von Bangalore Blue wurden das Auftreten und die Menge cytokininartiger Substanzen untersucht. Die Cytokininkonzentration war während der Anthese und der ersten Phase raschen Wachstums am höchsten. Während der anschließenden Phase verlangsamten Wachstums und der darauf folgenden Phase erneuten starken Wachstums fiel die Cytokininkonzentration deutlich ab. Mit Hilfe des Sojabohnenkallus-Tests wurden auf den Dünnschichtchromatogrammen von Beerenextrakten aller Entwicklungsstadien zwei wachstumsfördernde Zonen nachgewiesen. Obgleich die cytokininartigen Substanzen nicht identifiziert wurden, wird durch die vorliegende Untersuchung doch die Hypothese gestützt, daß neben Auxinen, Gibberellinen, Abscisinsäure und Äthylen auch Cytokinine in das Wachstums- und Entwicklungsgeschehen der Traubenbeeren eingeschaltet sind.
description: VITIS - Journal of Grapevine Research, Vol. 15 No. 4 (1976): Vitis
Hormonal regulation of the lag phase in seeded and seedless grapes (Vitis vinifera L.)
Creators: name: Farmahan, H. L.
name: Pandey, R. M.
Publisher: name: VITIS - Journal of Grapevine Research
Year: 2016

description: The first rapid growth phase of grape berry (stage I) was associatecl with high levels of auxin-like substances ancl low levels of growth inhibitory substances. In the lag phase (stage II) of berry clevelopment high levels of growth inhibitors and low levels of growth promotors were observed. The berry growth in the post-lag phase (st;:ige III) was generally associated with higher levels of gibberellin-like substances. Die hormonale Steuerung der Phase des verlangsamten Beerenwachstums bei samenhaltigen und samenlosen Reben (Vitis vinifera L.) In der ersten Phase des raschen Beerenwachstums (I) lagen hohe Konzentrationen auxinartiger Substanzen und niedrige Konzentrationen wachstumshemmender Substanzen vor. Während der anschließenden Phase des verlangsamten Beerenwachstums (II) wurden hohe Konzentrationen von Wachstumshemmern und niedrige Konzentrationen von wachstumsfördernden Substanzen festgestellt. Das erneut beschleunigte Beerenwachstum in der darauf folgenden Phase (III) war im allgemeinen mit erhöhten Konzentrationen gibberellinartiger Substanzen verbunden.
description: VITIS - Journal of Grapevine Research, Vol. 15 No. 4 (1976): Vitis
title: The Russian policy of “passportisation” in Ukraine’s Donetsk and Lugansk regions as a violation of the sovereignty of Ukraine
Creators: name: Talmon, Stefan
name: Lobo, Mary
Publisher: name: Fachinformationsdienst für internationale und interdisziplinäre Rechtsforschung
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 341

description: GPIL - German Practice in International Law
Trends in amino acid usage across the class Mollicutes
Creators: name: Iriarte, Andrés
name: Baraibar, Juan Diego
name: Diana, Leticia
name: Castro-Sowinski, Susana
name: Romero, Héctor
name: Musto, Héctor
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Biological Sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Chemistry
subject: Earth and Environmental Sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: Medicine
subject: Molecular Biology

description: Many studies have explored the mechanisms involved in relative amino acid usage (RAAU) in a variety of prokaryotes and eukaryotes. A strong bias was observed in highly expressed genes (HEGs) of endosymbiotic bacteria. By means of correspondence analysis, we studied the major trends affecting internal variability of RAAU in Mollicutes. The principal trend is related to the usage of smaller, less aromatic, and GC-rich coded amino acids in HEGs. Given the nature of the genetic code, these properties are linked among them. Expectedly, we found a slow evolutionary rate of HEGs, which is likely driven by purifying selection. On the other hand, the rest of the genes accumulate rapid changes as a result of the extreme mutational bias toward A + T of the genomes and genetic drift, increasing internal variability. Amino acid changes across the phylogeny of the group were traced in order to estimate the mean molecular weight and aromaticity trends in each branch. Finally, we compared amino acid usage bias within and between Mollicutes and the free-living Firmicutes.
A study of the structural properties and thermal stability of human Bcl-2 by molecular dynamics simulations
Creators: name: Ilizaliturri-Flores, Ian
name: Correa-Basurto, José
name: Benítez-Cardoza, Claudia G.
name: Absalom Zamorano-Carrillo
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2014
Subjects: Molecular Biology

description: The anti-apoptotic B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) protein interacts with several proteins that regulate the apoptotic properties of cells. In this research, we conduct several all-atom molecular dynamics (MD) simulations under high-temperature unfolding conditions, from 400 to 800 K, for 25 ns. These simulations were performed using a model of an engineered Bcl-2 human protein (Bcl-2-Δ22Σ3), which lacks 22 C-terminal residues of the transmembrane domain. The aim of this study is to gain insight into the structural behavior of Bcl-2-Δ22Σ3 by mapping the conformational movements involved in Bcl-2 stability and its biological function. To build a Bcl-2-Δ22Σ3 three-dimensional model, the protein core was built by homology modeling and the flexible loop domain (FLD, residues 33-91) by ab initio methods. Further, the entire protein model was refined by MD simulations. Afterwards, the production MD simulations showed that the FLD at 400 and 500 K has several conformations reaching into the protein core, whereas at 600 K some of the alpha-helices were lost. At 800 K, the Bcl-2 core is destabilized suggesting a possible mechanism for protein unfolding, where the alpha helices 1 and 6 were the most stable, and a reduction in the number of hydrogen bonds initially occurs. In conclusion, the structural changes and the internal protein interactions suggest that the core and the FLD are crucial components of Bcl-2 in its function of regulate ng access to the recognition sites of kinases and caspases.
Remarques sur la relation degré alcoolique-rendement chez la vigne
Creators: name: Plan, C.
name: Anizan, Catherine
name: Galzy, P.
name: Nigond, J.
Publisher: name: VITIS - Journal of Grapevine Research
Year: 2016

description: La relation entre degré alcoolique et rendement a été étudiée chez la vigne. Dans les conditions étudiées, il n'apparaît pas de corrélation. Observations on the relation between alcoholic degree and yield of grapevines The relation between alcoholic degree and yield has been studied for the vine. In the conditions of the study, a correlation is not observed between these two factors.
description: VITIS - Journal of Grapevine Research, Vol. 15 No. 4 (1976): Vitis
Rationalization and prediction of drug resistant mutations in targets for clinical anti-tubercular drugs
Creators: name: Sumanta Mukherjee
name: Nagasuma Chandra
name: Jyothi Padiadpu
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2013
Subjects: Molecular Biology

description: Resistance to therapy limits the effectiveness of drug treatment in many diseases. Drug resistance can be considered as a successful outcome of the bacterial struggle to survive in the hostile environment of a drug-exposed cell. An important mechanism by which bacteria acquire drug resistance is through mutations in the drug target. Drug resistant strains (multi-drug resistant and extensively drug resistant) of Mycobacterium tuberculosis are being identified at alarming rates, increasing the global burden of tuberculosis. An understanding of the nature of mutations in different drug targets and how they achieve resistance is therefore important. An objective of this study is to first decipher sequence as well as structural bases for the observed resistance in known drug resistant mutants and then to predict positions in each target that are more prone to acquiring drug resistant mutations. A curated database containing hundreds of mutations in the 38 drug targets of nine major clinical drugs, associated with resistance is studied here. Mutations have been classified into those that occur in the binding site itself, those that occur in residues interacting with the binding site and those that occur in outer zones. Structural models of the wild type and mutant forms of the target proteins have been analysed to seek explanations for reduction in drug binding. Stability analysis of an entire array of 19 mutations at each of the residues for each target has been computed using structural models. Conservation indices of individual residues, binding sites and whole proteins are computed based on sequence conservation analysis of the target proteins. The analyses lead to insights about which positions in the polypeptide chain have a higher propensity to acquire drug resistant mutations. Thus critical insights can be obtained about the effect of mutations on drug binding, in terms of which amino acid positions and therefore which interactions should not be heavily relied upon, which in turn can be translated into guidelines for modifying the existing drugs as well as for designing new drugs. The methodology can serve as a general framework to study drug resistant mutants in other micro-organisms as well.
Some observations on virus and virus-like diseases in Greek grapevines
Creators: name: Mavraganis, S. G.
name: Thanassoulopoulos, C. C.
name: Panayotou, P. C.
Publisher: name: VITIS - Journal of Grapevine Research
Year: 2016

description: An extensive field research for virus diseases in Greek grapevines during the five last years revealed the following results: • TomBRV has been identified serologically for the first time in Greece, in connection with GFLV from Korinthiana and Cardinal varieties. • High percentages of young replants of Korinthiana have been found infected by stem pitting disease. Clear pitting symptoms of this disease were observed on Korinthiana grafted on rootstocks, particularly on 5 BB and R 99. • The same antigenic reaction with Italian isolate of GFLV and Greek isolates has been established. The disease in the form of fanleaf, yellow vein and veinbanding has been identified by symptoms. • Symptoms of a new virus-like disease in Korinthiana have been observed in the mountainous area of Korinthos County. The disease seems to be transmissible, as mechanical inoculations on herbaceous plants and vine stocks were positive. Quelques observations sur les maladies à virus et de type virus dans des vignobles de Grèce Une recherche étendue sur les maladies à virus de la vigne réalisée pendant les cinq dernières années dans les vignobles de la région du Péloponnèse et des Iles Ioniennes de Grèce a donné les résultats ci-dessous: • On a identifié pour la première fois en Grèce le virus des anneaux noirs de la tomate (TomBRV) au test sérologique sur les variétés de vignes européennes Korinthiana et Cardinal. La maladie a été trouvée en infections mixtes avec la maladie du court-noué. • Un haut pourcentage des jeunes vignobles replantés avec Korinthiana greffée sur les sujets américains Teleki 5 BB et Richter 99 ont été trouvés fortement infectés avec la maladie du bois strié (stem pitting, legno riccio) de la vigne. Des symptômes très claires se trouvaient aussi sur le bois de Korinthiana; ces symptômes n'ont jusqu'à présent pas été mentionnés. • On a trouvé la même réaction antigénique sur des isolats grecs (provenant de vignes atteintes de virus)et sur un isolat italien de plantes atteintes de court-noué (GFLV). On a identifié à l'aide des symptômes la maladie sous la forme de maladie des palmettes, du mosaique jaune et de la panachure réticulée. • Depuis trois années on observe dans la région montagneuse de Corinthe quelques nouveaux symptômes sur la variété Korinthiana qui ressemblent à ceux provoqués par le virus. La maladie paraît être transmissible puisque des inoculations méchaniques sur plantes herbacées et sur vignes étaient positives.
description: VITIS - Journal of Grapevine Research, Vol. 15 No. 4 (1976): Vitis
title: Resignation of the German judge from the International Residual Mechanism for Criminal Tribunals: a wake-up call for international criminal justice
Creators: name: Talmon, Stefan
name: Werther, Sandra
Publisher: name: Fachinformationsdienst für internationale und interdisziplinäre Rechtsforschung
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 341

description: GPIL - German Practice in International Law
Engineered antifouling microtopographies: the role of Reynolds number in a model that predicts attachment of zoospores of Ulva and cells of Cobetia marina
Creators: name: Magin, Chelsea M.
name: Long, Christopher J.
name: Cooper, Scott P.
name: Ista, Linnea K.
name: López, Gabriel P.
name: Brennan, Anthony B.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2010
Subjects: Marine Biology

description: A correlation between the attachment density of cells from two phylogenetic groups (prokaryotic Bacteria and eukaryotic Plantae), with surface roughness is reported for the first time. The results represent a paradigm shift in the understanding of cell attachment, which is a critical step in the biofouling process. The model predicts that the attachment densities of zoospores of the green alga, Ulva, and cells of the marine bacterium, Cobetia marina, scale inversely with surface roughness. The size and motility of the bacterial cells and algal spores were incorporated into the attachment model by multiplying the engineered roughness index (ERIII), which is a representation of surface energy, by the Reynolds number (Re) of the cells. The results showed a negative linear correlation of normalized, transformed attachment density for both organisms with ERIII · Re (R2 = 0.77). These studies demonstrate for the first time that organisms respond in a uniform manner to a model, which incorporates surface energy and the Reynolds number of the organism.
Ovarian development and size at maturity of the mud crab Scylla olivacea in Pak Phanang mangrove swamps, Thailand
Creators: name: Md. Sherazul Islam
name: Kodama, Keita
name: Kurokura, Hisashi
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2010
Subjects: Marine Biology

description: Ovarian development and size at maturity of the mud crab Scylla olivacea from Pak Phanang mangrove swamps, Thailand, were investigated. Samples were taken from local traders between June 2006 and January 2008. Ovarian development was determined based on both external appearance and histological observation and was classified into five stages: immature (stage I), previtellogenesis (II), primary vitellogenesis (III), secondary vitellogenesis (IV) and tertiary vitellogenesis (V). Size of oocytes and volume of ovary increased as ovarian developmental stage progressed. External and histological observation of the ovaries revealed that initiation of vitellogenesis could be identified by external observation of the ovary. However, ovarian maturity could not be determined precisely by morphological observation of the abdomen. Absence of post-spawned females and small sample size of mature females in near-shore mangroves implies the occurrence of spawning migration toward offshore regions. The minimum size at which females attain ovarian maturity was 89.8 mm internal carapace width (ICW), and ICW at which 50% of females attain ovarian maturity was estimated to be 99.1 mm.
A comparison of the antifouling/foul-release characteristics of non-biocidal xerogel and commercial coatings toward micro- and macrofouling organisms
Creators: name: Sokolova, Anastasiya
name: Cilz, Nicholas
name: Daniels, Justin
name: Stafslien, Shane J.
name: Brewer, Lenora H.
name: Wendt, Dean E.
name: Bright, Frank V.
name: Detty, Michael R.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2012
Subjects: Marine Biology

description: Five non-biocidal xerogel coatings were compared to two commercial non-biocidal coatings and a silicone standard with respect to antifouling (AF)/fouling-release (FR) characteristics. The formation and release of biofilm of the marine bacterium Cellulophaga lytica, the attachment and release of the microalga Navicula incerta, and the fraction removal and critical removal stress of reattached adult barnacles of Amphibalanus amphitrite were evaluated in laboratory assays. Correlations of AF/FR performance with surface characteristics such as wettability, surface energy, elastic modulus, and surface roughness were examined. Several of the xerogel coating compositions performed well against both microfouling organisms while the commercial coatings performed less well toward the removal of microalgae. Reattached barnacle adhesion as measured by critical removal stress was significantly lower on the commercial coatings when compared to the xerogel coatings. However, two xerogel compositions showed release of 89–100% of reattached barnacles. These two formulations were also tested in the field and showed similar results.
title: A+BE | Architecture and the Built Environment, No. 10 (2025): Preparing Dutch Homes for Energy Transition
title: Preparing Dutch Homes for Energy Transition
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: A+BE | Architecture And The Built Environment
Publisher: name: A+BE | Architecture and the Built Environment
Year: 2025

description: Prateek Wahi


330 Pages


ISBN 978-94-6384-767-4
description: Preparing Dutch Homes for Energy Transition...1-330
Conditioning of surfaces by macromolecules and its implication for the settlement of zoospores of the green alga Ulva linza
Creators: name: Callow, Maureen E.
name: Callow, James A.
name: Grunze, Michael
name: Rosenhahn, Axel
name: Thome, Isabel
name: Pettitt, Michala E.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2012
Subjects: Marine Biology

description: Conditioning, ie the adsorption of proteins and other macromolecules, is the first process that occurs in the natural environment once a surface is immersed in seawater, but no information is available either regarding the conditioning of surfaces by artificial seawater or whether conditioning affects data obtained from laboratory assays. A range of self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) with different chemical terminations was used to investigate the time-dependent formation of conditioning layers in commercial and self-prepared artificial seawaters. Subsequently, these results were compared with conditioning by solutions in which zoospores of the green alga Ulva linza had been swimming. Spectral ellipsometry and contact angle measurements as well as infrared reflection absorption spectroscopy (IRRAS) were used to reveal the thickness and chemical composition of the conditioning layers. The extent that surface preconditioning affected the settlement of zoospores of U. linza was also investigated. The results showed that in standard spore settlement bioassays (45–60 min), the influence of a molecular conditioning layer is likely to be small, although more substantial effects are possible at longer settlement times.
title: A+BE | Architecture and the Built Environment, No. 09 (2025): Improving commercial property price statistics
title: Improving commercial property price statistics
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: A+BE | Architecture And The Built Environment
Publisher: name: A+BE | Architecture and the Built Environment
Year: 2025

description: Farley Ishaak


198 Pages


ISBN 978-94-6384-766-7
description: Improving commercial property price statistics...1-198
Effect of temperature on the substrate utilization profiles of microbial communities in different sewer sediments
Creators: name: Deines, Peter
name: Wright, Phillip C.
name: Biggs, Catherine A.
name: Omolara I. Olaleye
name: Jeanmeure, Laurent F.C.
name: Jensen, Henriette S.
name: Tait, Simon J.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2011
Subjects: Environmental Science

description: Sewer systems represent an essential component of modern society. They have a major impact on our quality of life by preventing serious illnesses caused by waterborne diseases, by protecting the environment, and by enabling economic and social development through reducing flood risk. In the UK, systems are normally large and complex and, because of the long lifespan of these assets, their performance and hence their management are influenced by long‐term environmental and urban changes. Recent work has focussed on the long‐term changes in the hydraulic performance of these systems in response to climate change, e.g. rainfall and economic development. One climate‐related driver that has received little attention is temperature, which may in itself have a complex dependence on factors such as rainfall. This study uses Biolog EcoPlates™ to investigate the effect of different temperatures (4 °C, 24 °C and 30 °C) on the carbon substrate utilization profiles of bacterial communities within sewer sediment deposits. Distinct differences in the metabolic profiles across the different temperatures were observed. Increasing temperature resulted in a shift in biological activity with an increase in the number of different carbon sources that can be utilized. Certain carboxylic and amino acids, however, did not support growth, regardless of temperature. Distinct differences in carbon utilization profiles were also found within sewers that have similar inputs. Therefore, this study has demonstrated that the carbon utilization profile for microbial communities found within sewer sediment deposits is dependent on both temperature and spatial variations.
Molluscan assemblages in littoral soft bottoms of the Alboran Sea (Western Mediterranean Sea)
Creators: name: Urra, Javier
name: Gofas, Serge
name: Rueda, José L.
name: Marina, Pablo
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2011
Subjects: Marine Biology

description: The structure of the molluscan assemblages inhabiting the subtidal bottoms off the west coast of Malaga province (southern Spain) and their relation to sediment characteristics were analysed with both univariate and multivariate parameters. Five significantly different molluscan assemblages were identified and assigned to ‘sables fins bien calibrés’ (SFBC, well sorted fine sands); ‘détritique côtier’ (DC, coastal bioclastic sands); ‘détritique envasé’ (DE, muddy bioclastic sands); and ‘coralligène’ (CO, coralligenous) biocoenoses of Pérès and Picard classification. A total of 234 molluscan species were identified, with gastropods as the dominant group (135 species). An increase of diversity and evenness with depth has been observed, with the highest values for both indexes on a rocky outcrop, and the lowest in the shallower fine sand assemblage dominated by few species. The different molluscan assemblages inhabiting these sublittoral bottoms were conditioned by depth, percentage of gravel and percentage of clay. A large proportion of tropical West African species is found in the area, some of them reaching their distributional limit towards the Mediterranean Sea. The southern Iberian coasts, in the confluence of Atlantic and Mediterranean waters and between Africa and Europe, are therefore highlighted as one of the areas with highest molluscan species richness in Europe, and require a conservation policy in order to preserve this unique European biodiversity heritage.
Evaluation of antimicrobial effects of novel implant materials by testing the prevention of biofilm formation using a simple small scale medium-throughput growth inhibition assay
Creators: name: N. Patenge
name: K. Arndt
name: T. Eggert
name: C. Zietz
name: B. Kreikemeyer
name: R. Bader
name: B. Nebe
name: V. Stranak
name: R. Hippler
name: A. Podbielski
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2012
Subjects: Marine Biology

description: Staphylococcal colonization of implants is a serious complication of orthopaedic surgery. Anti-infectious modification of implant surfaces may serve to prevent bacterial colonization. The authors set out to develop an in vitro test system for the analysis of prevention of biofilm formation by Staphylococcus epidermidis and Staphylococcus aureus on implant materials. Biofilm growth was monitored over 10 days on titanium disks in order to develop appropriate test parameters. Bacterial cell counts following ultrasonic treatment of the colonized samples were compared with scanning electron microscope images of the specimens. Copper ion containing surfaces (ie copper [Cu] and inter-metallic Ti-Cu films) were used for growth inhibition assays: Copper ion releasing specimens led to reduced bacterial numbers in biofilms and decreased bacterial persistence in the model used. The assay used represents an inexpensive and quick in vitro screen for the antibacterial effects of novel implant surface materials.
title: “I resigned because Russia had become an absolutely indefensible client”
Creators: name: Pellet, Alain
name: Hettihewa, Julian A.
name: Batura, Justine
name: Kulish, Polina
Publisher: name: Fachinformationsdienst für internationale und interdisziplinäre Rechtsforschung
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 341

description: Völkerrechtsblog
Anomalous settlement behavior of Ulva linza zoospores on cationic oligopeptide surfaces
Creators: name: T. Ederth
name: P. Nygren
name: M. E. Pettitt
name: M. Östblom
name: C.-X. Du
name: K. Broo
name: M. E. Callow
name: J. Callow
name: B. Liedberg
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2008
Subjects: Marine Biology

description: Identification of settlement cues for marine fouling organisms opens up new strategies and methods for biofouling prevention, and enables the development of more effective antifouling materials. To this end, the settlement behaviour of zoospores of the green alga Ulva linza onto cationic oligopeptide self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) has been investigated. The spores interact strongly with lysine- and arginine-rich SAMs, and their settlement appears to be stimulated by these surfaces. Of particular interest is an arginine-rich oligopeptide, which is effective in attracting spores to the surface, but in a way which leaves a large fraction of the settled spores attached to the surface in an anomalous fashion. These ‘pseudo-settled’ spores are relatively easily detached from the surface and do not undergo the full range of cellular responses associated with normal commitment to settlement. This is a hitherto undocumented mode of settlement, and surface dilution of the arginine-rich peptide with a neutral triglycine peptide demonstrates that both normal and anomalous settlement is proportional to the surface density of the arginine-rich peptide. The settlement experiments are complemented with physical studies of the oligopeptide SAMs, before and after extended immersion in artificial seawater, using infrared spectroscopy, null ellipsometry and contact angle measurements.
title: « J’ai démissionné car la Russie était devenue un client absolument indéfendable »
Creators: name: Pellet, Alain
name: Hettihewa, Julian A.
name: Batura, Justine
name: Kulish, Polina
Publisher: name: Fachinformationsdienst für internationale und interdisziplinäre Rechtsforschung
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 341

description: Völkerrechtsblog
COVID-19 and Labour Law: Bosnia and Herzegovina
Creators: name: Hogic, Nedim
Publisher: name: Italian Labour Law e-Journal
Year: 2020
Subjects: Covid-19; Labour law; Collective bargaining; Workplace conditions

description: In this national report, the author presents an overview of the measures enacted to support the economy and govern the labour relations in Bosnia and Herzegovina in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic. Measures are briefly discussed; the main findings are that they are skewed toward employers with the potential to erode employees’ rights and bargaining power.
description: Italian Labour Law e-Journal, Vol 13, No 1S (2020): Special Issue: Covid-19 and Labour Law. A Global Review