cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The potential for super-Nyquist asteroseismology with TESS
Creators: name: Murphy, Simon J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The perfect 30-min cadence of the full-frame images from the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) will impose a hard Nyquist limit of 24 d$^{-1}$ ($\approx 278$ $μ$Hz). This will be problematic for asteroseismology of stars with oscillation frequencies at or around that Nyquist limit, which will have insurmountable Nyquist ambiguities. TESS does offer some observing slots at shorter cadences, but these will be limited in number and competitive, while the full frame images will be the main data product for many types of variable stars. We show that the Nyquist ambiguities can be alleviated if, when TESS resumes observations after a downlink, integrations are not resumed at perfect cadence with those before the downlink. The time spent idling before integrations are resumed need only be around five minutes for satisfactory results, and observing time can be recouped from the downlink event if the telescope does not wait for a return to perfect cadence before resuming integrations. The importance of imperfect cadence after downlink is discussed in light of phase coverage of transit events.
description: 7 pages; 9 figures, all of which use colour but have been checked for readability under grey-scale printing; 2 small tables; accepted for publication in MNRAS
Prevalence and in-hospital outcomes of diabetes among patients with acute coronary syndrome in China: findings from the Improving Care for Cardiovascular Disease in China-Acute Coronary Syndrome Project
Creators: name: Liu, Jing
name: Ge, Junbo
name: Liu, Jun
name: Han, Yaling
name: Smith, Sidney C
name: Zhao, Dong
name: Huo, Yong
name: Fonarow, Gregg C
name: Ma, Changsheng
name: Morgan, Louise
name: Yang, Na
name: Taubert, Kathryn A
name: Xing, Yueyan
name: Hao, Yongchen
name: Zhou, Mengge
Publisher: name: BioMed Central
Year: 2018

description: Abstract
                Background
                Guidelines have classified patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and diabetes as a special population, with specific sections presented for the management of these patients considering their extremely high risk. However, in China up-to-date information is lacking regarding the burden of diabetes in patients with ACS and the potential impact of diabetes status on the in-hospital outcomes of these patients. This study aims to provide updated estimation for the burden of diabetes in patients with ACS in China and to evaluate whether diabetes is still associated with excess risks of early mortality and major adverse cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events (MACCE) for ACS patients.
                Methods
                The Improving Care for Cardiovascular Disease in China-ACS Project was a collaborative study of the American Heart Association and the Chinese Society of Cardiology. A total of 63,450 inpatients with a definitive diagnosis of ACS were included. Prevalence of diabetes was evaluated in the overall study population and subgroups. Multivariate logistic regression was performed to examine the association between diabetes and in-hospital outcomes, and a propensity-score-matched analysis was further conducted.
                Results
                Among these ACS patients, 23,880 (37.6%) had diabetes/possible diabetes. Both STEMI and NSTE-ACS patients had a high prevalence of diabetes/possible diabetes (36.8% versus 39.0%). The prevalence of diabetes/possible diabetes was higher in women (45.0% versus 35.2%, p < 0.001). Even in patients younger than 45 years, 26.9% had diabetes/possible diabetes. While receiving comparable treatments for ACS, diabetes/possible diabetes was associated with a twofold higher risk of all-cause death (adjusted odds ratio 2.04 [95% confidence interval 1.78–2.33]) and a 1.5-fold higher risk of MACCE (adjusted odds ratio 1.54 [95% confidence interval 1.39–1.72]).
                Conclusions
                Diabetes was highly prevalent in patients with ACS in China. Considerable excess risks for early mortality and major adverse cardiovascular events were found in these patients.
                Trial registration NCT02306616. Registered December 3, 2014
Children, parents and pets exercising together (CPET): exploratory randomised controlled trial
Creators: name: McNicol, Lindsay
name: Ward, Dianne
name: Reilly, John J
name: Hutchison, Pippa
name: Young, David
name: Calvert, Michael
name: Westgarth, Carri
name: Yam, Philippa S
name: Mutrie, Nanette
name: Penpraze, Victoria
name: Morrison, Ryan
Publisher: name: BioMed Central Ltd
Year: 2013

description: Abstract: Background: Levels of physical activity (PA) in UK children are much lower than recommended and novel approaches to its promotion are needed. The Children, Parents and Pets Exercising Together (CPET) study is the first exploratory randomised controlled trial (RCT) to develop and evaluate an intervention aimed at dog-based PA promotion in families. CPET aimed to assess the feasibility, acceptability and potential efficacy of a theory-driven, family-based, dog walking intervention for 9–11 year olds. Methods: Twenty-eight families were allocated randomly to either receive a 10-week dog based PA intervention or to a control group. Families in the intervention group were motivated and supported to increase the frequency, intensity and duration of dog walking using a number of behaviour change techniques. Parents in the intervention group were asked to complete a short study exit questionnaire. In addition, focus groups with parents and children in the intervention group, and with key stakeholders were undertaken. The primary outcome measure was 10 week change in total volume of PA using the mean accelerometer count per minute (cpm). Intervention and control groups were compared using analysis of covariance. Analysis was performed on an intention to treat basis. Results: Twenty five families were retained at follow up (89%) and 97% of all outcome data were collected at baseline and follow up. Thirteen of 14 (93%) intervention group parents available at follow up completed the study exit questionnaire and noted that study outcome measures were acceptable. There was a mean difference in child total volume of PA of 27 cpm (95% CI −70, 123) and −3 cpm (95% CI −60, 54) for intervention and control group children, respectively. This was not statistically significant. Approximately 21% of dog walking time for parents and 39% of dog walking time for children was moderate-vigorous PA. Conclusions: The acceptability of the CPET intervention and outcome measures was high. Using pet dogs as the agent of lifestyle change in PA interventions in children and their parents is both feasible and acceptable, but did not result in a significant increase in child PA in this exploratory trial. Trial registration: ISRCTN85939423
Status of cosmic-ray antideuteron searches
Creators: name: von Doetinchem, P.
name: Aramaki, T.
name: Boggs, S.
name: Bufalino, S.
name: Dal, L.
name: Donato, F.
name: Fornengo, N.
name: Fuke, H.
name: Grefe, M.
name: Hailey, C.
name: Hamilton, B.
name: Ibarra, A.
name: Mitchell, J.
name: Mognet, I.
name: Ong, R. A.
name: Pereira, R.
name: Perez, K.
name: Putze, A.
name: Raklev, A.
name: Salati, P.
name: Sasaki, M.
name: Tarle, G.
name: Urbano, A.
name: Vittino, A.
name: Wild, S.
name: Xue, W.
name: Yoshimura, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The precise measurement of cosmic-ray antiparticles serves as important means for identifying the nature of dark matter. Recent years showed that identifying the nature of dark matter with cosmic-ray positrons and higher energy antiprotons is difficult, and has lead to a significantly increased interest in cosmic-ray antideuteron searches. Antideuterons may also be generated in dark matter annihilations or decays, offering a potential breakthrough in unexplored phase space for dark matter. Low-energy antideuterons are an important approach because the flux from dark matter interactions exceeds the background flux by more than two orders of magnitude in the low-energy range for a wide variety of models. This review is based on the "dbar14 - dedicated cosmic-ray antideuteron workshop", which brought together theorists and experimentalists in the field to discuss the current status, perspectives, and challenges for cosmic-ray antideuteron searches and discusses the motivation for antideuteron searches, the theoretical and experimental uncertainties of antideuteron production and propagation in our Galaxy, as well as give an experimental cosmic-ray antideuteron search status update. This report is a condensed summary of the article "Review of the theoretical and experimental status of dark matter identification with cosmic-ray antideuteron" (arXiv:1505.07785).
description: 9 pages, 4 figures, ICRC 2015 proceedings
Intracellular survival and vascular cell-to-cell transmission of Porphyromonas gingivalis
Creators: name: DeCarlo, Arthur
name: Cohen, Joshua
name: Kozarov, Emil
name: Michel, Raynald
name: Li, Ling
Publisher: name: BioMed Central Ltd
Year: 2008

description: Abstract Background Porphyromonas gingivalis is associated with periodontal disease and invades different cell types including epithelial, endothelial and smooth muscle cells. In addition to P. gingivalis DNA, we have previously identified live invasive bacteria in atheromatous tissue. However, the mechanism of persistence of this organism in vascular tissues remains unclear. Therefore, the objective of this study was to analyze the ability of intracellular P. gingivalis to persist for extended periods of time, transmit to and possibly replicate in different cell types. Results Using antibiotic protection assays, immunofluorescent and laser confocal microscopy, we found that after a prolonged intracellular phase, while P. gingivalis can still be detected by immunostaining, the intracellular organisms lose their ability to be recovered in vitro. Surprisingly however, intracellular P. gingivalis could be recovered in vitro upon co incubation with fresh vascular host cells. We then demonstrated that the organism was able to exit the initially infected host cells, then enter and multiply in new host cells. Further, we found that cell-to-cell contact increased the transmission rate but was not required for transmission. Finally, we found that the invasion of new host cells allowed P. gingivalis to increase its numbers. Conclusion Our results suggest that the persistence of vascular tissue-embedded P. gingivalis is due to its ability to transmit among different cell types. This is the first communication demonstrating the intercellular transmission as a likely mechanism converting latent intracellular bacteria from state of dormancy to a viable state allowing for persistence of an inflammatory pathogen in vascular tissue.
Approximate reversibility in the context of entropy gain, information gain, and complete positivity
Creators: name: Buscemi, Francesco
name: Das, Siddhartha
name: Wilde, Mark M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: There are several inequalities in physics which limit how well we can process physical systems to achieve some intended goal, including the second law of thermodynamics, entropy bounds in quantum information theory, and the uncertainty principle of quantum mechanics. Recent results provide physically meaningful enhancements of these limiting statements, determining how well one can attempt to reverse an irreversible process. In this paper, we apply and extend these results to give strong enhancements to several entropy inequalities, having to do with entropy gain, information gain, entropic disturbance, and complete positivity of open quantum systems dynamics. Our first result is a remainder term for the entropy gain of a quantum channel. This result implies that a small increase in entropy under the action of a subunital channel is a witness to the fact that the channel's adjoint can be used as a recovery map to undo the action of the original channel. Our second result regards the information gain of a quantum measurement, both without and with quantum side information. We find here that a small information gain implies that it is possible to undo the action of the original measurement if it is efficient. The result also has operational ramifications for the information-theoretic tasks known as measurement compression without and with quantum side information. Our third result shows that the loss of Holevo information caused by the action of a noisy channel on an input ensemble of quantum states is small if and only if the noise can be approximately corrected on average. We finally establish that the reduced dynamics of a system-environment interaction are approximately completely positive and trace-preserving if and only if the data processing inequality holds approximately.
description: v3: 12 pages, accepted for publication in Physical Review A
Ethnobotanical study on medicinal plants used by Maonan people in China
Creators: name: Meng, Shaowu
Publisher: name: BioMed Central
Year: 2015

description: Abstract Background This paper is based on an ethnobotanical investigation that focused on the traditional medicinal plants used by local Maonan people to treat human diseases in Maonan concentration regions. The Maonan people have relied on traditional medicine since ancient times, especially medicinal plants. The aim of this study is to document medicinal plants used by the Maonans and to report the status of medicinal plants and associated traditional knowledge. Methods Ethnobotanical data were collected from June 2012 to September 2014 in Huanjiang Maonan Autonomous County, northern Guangxi, southwest China. In total, 118 knowledgeable informants were interviewed. Following statistically sampling method, eighteen villages from 5 townships were selected to conduct field investigations. Information was collected through the approache of participatory observation, semi-structured interviews, ranking exercises, key informant interviews, focus group discussions, and participatory rural appraisals. Results A total of 368 medicinal plant species were investigated and documented together with their medicinal uses by the Maonans, most of which were obtained from the wild ecosystems. The plants were used to treat 95 human diseases. Grinding was a widely used method to prepare traditional herbal medicines. There were significant relationships between gender and age, and between gender and informants’ knowledge of medicinal plant use. Deforestation for agricultural purposes was identified as the most destructive factor of medicinal plants, followed by drought and over-harvest. Conclusions The species diversity of medicinal plants used by the Maonans in the study area was very rich. Medicinal plants played a significant role in healing various human disorders in the Maonan communities. However, the conflicts between traditional inheriting system and recent socio-economic changes (and other factors) resulted in the reduction or loss of both medicinal plants and associated indigenous knowledge. Thus, conservation efforts and policies, and innovation of inheriting system are necessary for protecting the medicinal plants and associated indigenous knowledge. Awareness is also needed to be raised among local Maonans focusing on sustainable utilization and management of both medicinal plants and traditional knowledge.
Optimizing horizontal alignment of roads in a specified corridor
Creators: name: Mondal, Sukanto
name: Lucet, Yves
name: Hare, Warren
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Finding an optimal alignment connecting two end-points in a specified corridor is a complex problem that requires solving three interrelated sub-problems, namely the horizontal alignment, vertical alignment and earthwork optimization problems. In this research, we developed a novel bi-level optimization model combining those three problems. In the outer level of the model, we optimize the horizontal alignment and in the inner level of the model a vertical alignment optimization problem considering earthwork allocation is solved for a fixed horizontal alignment. Derivative-free optimization algorithms are used to solve the outer problem. The result of our model gives an optimal horizontal alignment in the form of a linear-circular curve and an optimal vertical alignment in the form of a quadratic spline. Our model is tested on real-life data. The numerical results show that our approach improves the road alignment designed by civil engineers by 27\% on average, resulting in potentially millions of dollars of savings.
description: Appears in Computers & Operations Research, 2015
title: Clinical assesment of focal solid breast lesions with US strain elastography
Creators: name: Bojanic, Kristina
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Cancer
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Elastography
subject: Breast

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Breast elastography is a noninvasive real time sonographic imaging technique additional to conventional ultrasound. B-mode ultrasound in early detection of breast cancer has high sensitivity but is limited by low specificity. Elastography visualizes...
Affordable optical clearing and immunolabelling in mouse brain slices.
Creators: name: Muza, Phillip M
name: Pérez, Marta
name: Noy, Suzanna
name: Kurosawa, Miyu
name: Katsouri, Loukia
name: Tybulewicz, Victor LJ
name: MC Fisher, Elizabeth
name: West, Steven J
Publisher: name: The Francis Crick Institute
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: Signalling & Oncogenes
subject: Signalling & Oncogenes
classificationCode: Immunology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
classificationCode: Developmental Biology
subject: Developmental Biology
classificationCode: Human Biology & Physiology
subject: Human Biology & Physiology
classificationCode: Model organisms
subject: Model organisms
classificationCode: Cell Biology
subject: Cell Biology

description: Traditional histological analysis is conducted on thin tissue sections, limiting the data capture from large tissue volumes to 2D profiles, and requiring stereological methods for 3D assessment. Recent advances in microscopical and tissue clearing methods have facilitated 3D reconstructions of tissue structure. However, staining of large tissue blocks remains a challenge, often requiring specialised and expensive equipment to clear and immunolabel tissue. Here, we present the Affordable Brain Slice Optical Clearing (ABSOC) method: a modified iDISCO protocol which enables clearing and immunolabeling of mouse brain slices up to 1 mm thick using inexpensive reagents and equipment, with no intensive expert training required. We illustrate the use of ABSOC in 1 mm C57BL/6J mouse coronal brain slices sectioned through the dorsal hippocampus and immunolabelled with an anti-calretinin antibody. The ABSOC method can be readily used for histological studies of mouse brain in order to move from the use of very thin tissue sections to large volumes of tissue - giving more representative analysis of biological samples, without the need for sampling of small regions only.
Names, dames and campaigns: a botanical case study in digitally narrowing the gaps
Creators: name: Leachman, Siobhan
name: Ulloa Ulloa, Carmen
name: von Mering, Sabine
name: Gardiner, Lauren M.
name: Knapp, Sandra
name: Lindon, Heather L.
name: Vincent, Sarah
name: Vorontsova, Maria S.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Wikidata
Bionomia
Tropicos
IPNI
Biodiversity Heritage Library

description: Script and Slides for the "Names, dames and campaigns: a botanical case study in digitally narrowing the gaps" presentation given by Siobhan Leachman (one of the Women Genera researcher group) on 8.30am - 8.45am Thursday, 1 June, 2023 at the SPNHC 2023 conference.
Relativistic MHD simulations of core-collapse GRB jets: 3D instabilities and magnetic dissipation
Creators: name: Bromberg, Omer
name: Tchekhovskoy, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Relativistic jets naturally occur in astrophysical systems that involve accretion onto compact objects, such as core collapse of massive stars in gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) and accretion onto supermassive black holes in active galactic nuclei (AGN). It is generally accepted that these jets are powered electromagnetically, by the magnetised rotation of a central compact object. However, how they produce the observed emission and survive the propagation for many orders of magnitude in distance without being disrupted by current-driven non-axisymmetric instabilities is the subject of active debate. We carry out time-dependent 3D relativistic magnetohydrodynamic simulations of relativistic, Poynting flux dominated jets. The jets are launched self-consistently by the rotation of a strongly magnetised central compact object. This determines the natural degree of azimuthal magnetic field winding, a crucial factor that controls jet stability. We find that the jets are susceptible to two types of instability: (i) a global, external kink mode that grows on long time scales and causes the jets to bodily bend sideways. Whereas this mode does not cause jet disruption over the simulated distances, it substantially reduces jet propagation speed. We show, via an analytic model, that the growth of the external kink mode depends on the slope of the ambient medium density profile. In flat density distributions characteristic of galactic cores, an AGN jet may stall, whereas in stellar envelopes the external kink weakens as the jet propagates outward; (ii) a local, internal kink mode that grows over short time scales and causes small-angle magnetic reconnection and conversion of about half of jet electromagnetic energy flux into heat. Based on the robustness and energetics of the internal kink mode, we suggest that this instability is the main dissipation mechanism responsible for powering GRB prompt emission.
description: 21 pages, 17 figures, submitted to MNRAS
title: Role of transverse sinus stenting in the management of selected patients with idiopathic intracranial hypertension
Creators: name: Medhi, Gorky
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Cerebrospinal fluid
subject: Treatment effects
subject: Stents
subject: MR
subject: Catheter venography
subject: Catheter arteriography
subject: Neuroradiology brain
subject: Interventional vascular

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Introduction: Idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) is characterized by symptoms and signs of raisedintracranialpressure in the absence of intracranialmass lesion, infection, vascular lesion or hydrocephalus 1,2 IIH has a high prevalence of...
Lee Sang Gak Telescope (LSGT): A Remotely Operated Robotic Telescope for Education and Research at Seoul National University
Creators: name: Im, Myungshin
name: Choi, Changsu
name: Kim, Kihyun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce the Lee Sang Gak Telescope (LSGT), a remotely operated, robotic 0.43-meter telescope. The telescope was installed at the Siding Spring Observatory, Australia, in 2014 October, to secure regular and exclusive access to the dark sky and excellent atmospheric conditions in the southern hemisphere from the Seoul National University (SNU) campus. Here, we describe the LSGT system and its performance, present example images from early observations, and discuss a future plan to upgrade the system. The use of the telescope includes (i) long-term monitoring observations of nearby galaxies, active galactic nuclei, and supernovae; (ii) rapid follow-up observations of transients such as gamma-ray bursts and gravitational wave sources; and (iii) observations for educational activities at SNU. Based on observations performed so far, we find that the telescope is capable of providing images to a depth of R=21.5 mag (point source detection) at 5-sigma with 15 min total integration time under good observing conditions.
description: 6 pages, 9 figures, 2 tables, published in 2015 August issue of JKAS
title: Traumatic Injuries of the Pediatric Knee: Imaging Perspective
Creators: name: Flaherty, Erin
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Musculoskeletal joint
subject: MR
subject: Conventional radiography
subject: CT
subject: eLearning
subject: Trauma

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: The aims of this pictoral essare are to: Familiarize the audience withthe pathophysiology and clinical presentation of pediatric knee injuries Discuss the imaging features of pediatric knee injuries as seen on conventional radiography and cross...
Biological resource centers: strategic resources for plant health
Creators: name: Portier, Perrine
name: Broders, Kirk
name: Aspin, Andrew
name: Bailey, Jordan
name: Chapman, Toni
name: Weir, Bevan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biological resource centre, Plant-pathogenic bacteria, Plant health

description: Biological Resource Centers: strategic resources for plant health. Perrine Portier1, Kirk Broders2, Andrew Aspin3, Jordan Bailey4, Toni Chapman5 and Bevan S. Weir6 1. Institut Agro, INRAE, Univ Angers, IRHS, SFR QUASAV, CIRM-CFBP, F-49000 Angers, France 2. USDA, Agricultural Research Service, National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research, Mycotoxin Prevention and Applied Microbiology Research Unit, 1815 N. University, Peoria, IL 61604, USA 3. Fera Science Ltd., York Biotech Campus, Sand Hutton, York YO41 1LZ, UK; 4. Biosecurity and Food Safety, NSW Department of Primary Industries, Plant Pathology & Mycology Herbarium, Orange Agricultural Institute, 1447 Forest Road, Orange, NSW 2800, Australia 5. Biosecurity and Food Safety, NSW Department of Primary Industries, Elizabeth Macarthur Agricultural Institute (EMAI), Menangle, NSW 2567, Australia 6. Manaaki Whenua—Landcare Research, 231 Morrin Road, St. Johns, Auckland 1072, New Zealand Biological resource centers are repository were scientists can deposit their resources and make them available for future research. These often proved to be invaluable for plant health. For instance, when the outburst of bacterial canker of kiwifruit hit New Zealand in 2010, the presence of the type strain of Pseudomonas syringae pv syringae in collection did insure a fast identification and a rapid response. Or, when an epidemic of Dickeya on pineappple broke in Australia in 2016, the analysis of strains isolated in 1956 on ginger in the same region permitted to avoid unnecessary biosecurity responses. The complete barcoding of the Pectobacterium strains held in CIRM-CFBP permitted to uncover a not-yet described species and to shed a new light on the ecology of the whole genus, thanks to the diversity of the strains available and the quality of the associated data. The collections are the memory of our past and key for future research. However, many gaps still exist and we observe a decrease in the deposits over time. A gap in the records may hamper identification and response to a pathogen and can have important consequences for disease management or trade. Deposit resources in a collection have a lot of personal and community benefits, resulting in sharing the necessary efforts, facilities, competences and expertise, permitting to enhance the overall quality of the preservation and to invest for the future.
A Social Network-Guided Approach to Machine Learning for Metal-Organic Framework Property Prediction
Creators: name: Jalali, Mehrdad
name: Wonanke, A. D. Dinga
name: Woll, Christof
Publisher: name: Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT)
Year: 2023

description: The number of new materials and applications of these materials is experiencing rapid growth. ‎Today, increased computational power and the established use of automated machine learning ‎approaches make data science tools available, which provide an overview of the chemical space, ‎support the choice of appropriate materials, and predict specific properties of materials for the ‎desired application. Among the different data science tools, graph theory approaches, where data ‎generated from numerous real-world applications are represented as a graph (network) of ‎connected objects, has been widely used in a variety of scientific fields such as social sciences, ‎health informatics, biological sciences, agricultural sciences, and economics. In this work, we ‎describe applying a particular graph theory approach, social network analysis (SNA), to the metal-organic framework (MOF). To demonstrate MOF materials, we construct a social network called ‎MOFSocialNet from geometrical MOFs descriptors in the CoRE-MOFs database. The MOFSocialNet ‎is an undirected, weighted, and heterogeneous social network; following the construction of this ‎graph, a set of social network analysis processes is conducted to extract valuable knowledge from ‎the MOFs data using graph machine learning algorithms. Community detection is one of the well-known SNA techniques employed on the MOFSocialNet to extract the most similar MOF ‎communities. To evaluate whether the properties of new MOFs can be predicted using MOF ‎communities, we randomly chose three from the CoRE MOFs database. For these MOFs, we ‎excluded the crystal density as input during featurization and placed the MOFs within the ‎MOFSocialNet. The crystal density of the new MOFs is predicted by simply averaging the crystal ‎density of the ten nearest neighbors. ‎ Additionally, communities extracted from MOFSocialNet can be leveraged to predict MOF gas ‎adsorption properties for CO2 and CH4.‎
Utility of combining spectral domain optical coherence tomography structural parameters for the diagnosis of early Glaucoma: a mini-review
Creators: name: Mwanza, Jean-Claude
name: Budenz, Donald
Publisher: name: BioMed Central
Year: 2018

description: Abstract Optical coherence tomography (OCT) has moved to the forefront of imaging modalities in the management of glaucoma and retinal diseases. It is modifying how glaucoma and glaucoma progression are diagnosed clinically and augmenting our understanding of the disease. OCT provides multiple parameters from various anatomic areas for glaucoma diagnosis, evaluation of treatment efficacy, and progression monitoring. While the use of multiple parameters has increased the likelihood of detecting early structural changes, diagnosing glaucoma in early stages is often challenging when the damages are subtle and not apparent on OCT scans, in addition to the fact that assessment of OCT parameters often yields conflicting findings. One promising approach is to combine multiple individual parameters into a composite parameter from the same test to improve diagnostic accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity. This review presents current evidence regarding the value of spectral domain OCT composite parameters in diagnosing early glaucoma.
title: Dose Reduction in CT for Measurement of the Visceral Adipose Tissue: Comparison of Model-Based Iterative Reconstruction, Adaptive Statistical Iterative Reconstruction, and Filtered Back Projection Reconstruction
Creators: name: Yamada, Yoshitake
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Metabolic disorders
subject: Comparative studies
subject: CT-Quantitative
subject: CT
subject: Abdomen

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Body fat tissue is traditionally distributed in two main compartments with different metabolic characteristics: the visceral adipose tissue and subcutaneous adipose tissue. Several studies have implicated abdominal visceral adipose tissue in the...
A Simple Analytic Treatment of Linear Growth of Structure with Baryon Acoustic Oscillations
Creators: name: Slepian, Zachary
name: Eisenstein, Daniel J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In linear perturbation theory, all information about the growth of structure is contained in the Green's function, or equivalently, transfer function. These functions are generally computed using numerical codes or by phenomenological fitting formula anchored in accurate analytic results in the limits of large and small scale. Here we present a framework for analytically solving all scales, in particular the intermediate scales relevant for the baryon acoustic oscillations (BAO). We solve for the Green's function and transfer function using spherically-averaged overdensities and the approximation that the density of the coupled baryon-photon fluid is constant interior to the sound horizon.
description: 14 pages, 9 figures, submitted MNRAS
Perceived control over condom use among sex workers in Madagascar: a cohort study
Creators: name: Pettifor, Audrey
name: Swezey, Teresa
name: Turner, Abigail
name: Behets, Frieda
name: Khan, Maria
Publisher: name: BioMed Central Ltd
Year: 2010

description: Abstract Background Women's perceived control over condom use has been found to be an important determinant of actual condom use in some studies. However, many existing analyses used cross-sectional data and little quantitative information exists to characterize the relationships between perceived control and actual condom use among sex worker populations. Methods We assessed the association between measures of perceived condom use control and self-reported use of male condoms employing data from a longitudinal pilot study among 192 sex workers in Madagascar. Results In multivariable models, a lack of perceived control over condom use with a main partner and having a main partner ever refuse to use a condom when asked were both associated with an increased number of sex acts unprotected by condoms in the past week with a main partner (RR 1.86; 95% CI 1.21-2.85; RR 1.34; 95% CI 1.03-1.73, respectively). Conversely, no measure of condom use control was significantly associated with condom use with clients. Conclusion Perceived control over condom use was an important determinant of condom use with main partners, but not clients, among sex workers in Madagascar. Programs working with sex workers should reach out to main and commercial partners of sex workers to increase male condom use.
title: The value of non-contrast computed tomography in the diagnosis of cerebral venous thrombosis
Creators: name: Surlan Popovic, Katarina
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Embolism / Thrombosis
subject: Computer Applications-Detection, diagnosis
subject: CT
subject: Vascular
subject: Neuroradiology brain
subject: CNS

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Non-contrast computed tomography (NCCT) is the most frequently performed imaging study for evaluation of patients with new headache, focal neurological abnormalities, seizure, or change in mental status [1].Sensitivity of NCCT in the diagnosis of...
How many are affected? A real limit of epidemiology
Creators: name: Poole, Charles
Publisher: name: BioMed Central Ltd
Year: 2010

description: Abstract A person can experience an effect on the occurrence of an outcome in a defined follow-up period without experiencing an effect on the risk of that outcome over the same period. Sufficient causes are sometimes used to deepen potential-outcome explanations of this phenomenon. In doing so, care should be taken to avoid tipping the balance between simplification and realism too far toward simplification. Death and other competing risks should not be assumed away. The time scale should be explicit, with specific times for the occurrence of specified component causes and for the completion of each sufficient cause. Component causes that affect risk should occur no later than the start of the risk period. Sufficient causes should be allowed to have component causes in common. When individuals experience all components of two or more sufficient causes, the outcome must be recurrent. In addition to effects on rates and risks, effects on incidence time itself should be considered.
The String BCJ Relations Revisited and Extended Recurrence relations of Nonrelativistic String Scattering Amplitudes
Creators: name: Lai, Sheng-Hong
name: Lee, Jen-Chi
name: Yang, Yi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We review and extend high energy string BCJ relations in both the fixed angle and Regge regimes. We then give an explicit proof of four point string BCJ relations for all energy. This calculation provides an alternative proof of the one based on monodromy of integration in string amplitude calculation. In addition, we calculate both s-t and t-u channel nonrelativistic low energy string scattering amplitudes of three tachyons and one leading trojectory string state at arbitrary mass levels. We discover that the mass and spin dependent nonrelativistic string BCJ relations can be expressed in terms of Gauss hypergeometry functions. As an application, for each fixed mass level N, we derive extended recurrence relations among nonrelativistic low energy string scattering amplitudes of string states with different spins and different channels.
description: 22 pages, v2:23 pages. Section IV.B added; Refs [30],[31] added. To appear in JHEP
Seek, test, treat: substance-using women in the HIV treatment cascade in South Africa
Creators: name: Belus, Jennifer M.
name: van der Horst, Charles
name: Wechsberg, Wendee
Publisher: name: BioMed Central
Year: 2017

description: Abstract Background Women in South Africa who use alcohol and other drugs face multiple barriers to HIV care. These barriers make it difficult for women to progress through each step in the HIV treatment cascade from diagnosis to treatment initiation and adherence. This paper examines correlates of HIV status, newly diagnosed HIV status, and use of antiretroviral therapy (ART). Methods Outreach workers recruited sexually active Black African women who used substances in Pretoria as part of a U.S. National Institutes of Health-funded geographically clustered randomized trial examining the effect of an intervention to reduce alcohol and drug use as well as sexual risk behaviors. To address the question of interest in the current investigation, cross-sectional baseline data were used. At study enrollment, all participants (N = 641) completed an interview, and underwent rapid HIV testing and biological drug screening. Those who tested positive for HIV and were eligible for ART were asked about their barriers to initiating or adhering to ART. Bivariate and multivariable logistic regression analyses were conducted to determine correlates of HIV status, newly diagnosed HIV, and ART use. Results At enrollment, 55% of participants tested positive for HIV, and 36% of these women were newly diagnosed. In multivariable analyses of the entire sample, women who had completed 10th grade were less likely to be living with HIV (OR 0.69; CI 0.48, 0.99) and those from the inner city were more likely to be living with HIV (OR 1.83; CI 1.26, 2.67). Among HIV-positive participants, women were less likely to be newly diagnosed if they had ever been in substance abuse treatment (OR 0.15; CI 0.03, 0.69) or used a condom at last sex (OR 0.58; CI 0.34, 0.98) and more likely to be newly diagnosed if they were physically assaulted in the past year (OR 1.97; CI 1.01, 3.84). Among women eligible for ART, fewer were likely to be on treatment (by self-report) if they had a positive urine test for opiates or cocaine (OR 0.27; CI 0.09, 0.80). Conclusions These results, although cross-sectional, provide some guidance for provincial authorities to address barriers to HIV care for sexually active, substance-using vulnerable women in Pretoria. Targeting the inner city with prevention campaigns, expanding and improving substance abuse treatment programs, linking clients with simultaneous HIV testing and treatment, and targeting women who have experienced sexual assault and violence may help the government achieve the UNAIDS 90-90-90 treatment target. Clinical Trials.gov NCT01497405 registered on December 1, 2011.
Response of SII cortex to ipsilateral, contralateral and bilateral flutter stimulation in the cat
Creators: name: Whitsel, Barry
name: Tannan, Vinay
name: Chiu, Joannellyn S
name: Simons, Stephen B
name: Tommerdahl, Mark Allen
name: Favorov, Oleg
Publisher: name: BioMed Central Ltd
Year: 2005

description: Abstract Background A distinctive property of SII is that it is the first cortical stage of the somatosensory projection pathway that integrates information arising from both sides of the body. However, there is very little known about how inputs across the body mid-line are processed within SII. Results Optical intrinsic signal imaging was used to evaluate the response of primary somatosensory cortex (SI and SII in the same hemisphere) to 25 Hz sinusoidal vertical skin displacement stimulation ("skin flutter") applied contralaterally, ipsilaterally, and bilaterally to the central pads of the forepaws. A localized increase in absorbance in both SI and SII was evoked by both contralateral and bilateral flutter stimulation. Ipsilateral flutter stimulation evoked a localized increase in absorbance in SII, but not in SI. The SII region that responded with an increase in absorbance to ipsilateral stimulation was posterior to the region in which absorbance increased maximally in response to stimulation of the contralateral central pad. Additionally, in the posterior SII region that responded maximally to ipsilateral stimulation of the central pad, bilateral central pad stimulation approximated a linear summation of the SII responses to independent stimulation of the contralateral and ipsilateral central pads. Conversely, in anterior SII (the region that responded maximally to contralateral stimulation), bilateral stimulation was consistently less than the response evoked from the contralateral central pad. Conclusions The results indicate that two regions located at neighboring, but distinctly different A-P levels of the anterior ectosylvian gyrus process input from opposite sides of the body midline in very different ways. The results suggest that the SII cortex, in the cat, can be subdivided into at least two functionally distinct regions and that these functionally distinct regions demonstrate a laterality preference within SII.
Metrics, methods and instruments used to evaluate the impact of nurse practitioner roles: A scoping review protocol
Creators: name: Thompson, John
name: Crellin, Dianne
name: Kinney, Sharon
name: Gerdtz, Marie
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: Nursing
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Evaluation
subject: Impact
subject: Metrics
subject: Nurse Practitioner
subject: Outcomes

description: Objective: The objective of this scoping review is to identify what metrics, methods and instruments are used to evaluate the impact of nurse practitioner roles. Introduction: There is much literature evaluating the impact of the nurse practitioner (NP) roles on processes and outcomes of care. Most of this literature evaluates highly specialised areas of NP practice rather than focusing on core elements of these roles. There is a critical need to clearly demonstrate the contribution of NP roles to the healthcare system and to the health of the population. To evaluate NP impact common to all roles, it is important to scope the available evidence to identify current metrics, methods, and instruments. By undertaking this review, we expect to establish an evidence base for the development of a core set of indicators sensitive to all NP models. Inclusion criteria: Articles exploring any form of NP service process outcomes will be included. Articles that report on outcomes of advanced practice nursing roles will be included if it is possible to extrapolate NP specific outcomes. Any healthcare service and area of specialty nurse practitioner practice will also be included. Methods: The proposed scoping review will be guided by the JBI methodology for scoping reviews. Peer review of quantitative, qualitative and mix method research articles in English will be performed. Medline, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health, Embase, and Scopus electronic databases will be searched. Screening of identified citations will be reviewed by a single reviewer following intra-rater reliability of 10% of citations at each stage. Data extraction will be performed using two reviewers. Results: The results of the search will be presented in a Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses extension for scoping review (PRISMA-ScR) flow diagram, and a narrative summary to explain how the results relate to the review questions and objectives. Implications: Key findings from this review will be used to develop research questions and inform evaluations of the impact of NP roles on health systems and health outcomes. The results will be disseminated though peer-reviewed publication and conference presentations.