cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Hadronization in Polarized Semi-Inclusive DIS: the Question of Independent Fragmentation
Creators: name: Kotzinian, Aram
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The new formalism for description of (un)polarized semi-inclusive DIS at moderate energies is developed. Hadron production is modeled as a product of distribution functions and hadronization functions (HFs) weighted by the hard scattering cross sections, as it is done in the {\tt LEPTO} event generator. The correct treatment of polarization effects shows that description of semi-inclusive DIS within this formalism includes a new nonperturbative input -- {\it polarized} HFs. It is shown that this approach does not correspond to the commonly adopted one with the independent quark fragmentation. The purity method used by the HERMES collaboration mixes up the two approaches and ignores the contributions from polarized HFs. This method cannot be considered a precise tool for the extraction of polarized quark distributions from measured SIDIS asymmetries.
description: Replaced vith the version published in Eur. Phys. J. C 44, 211 (2005)
Iván Duque's Colombian Foreign Policy assessment (2018-2020)
Creators: name: Sánchez, Fabio
name: Nanci, Fernanda
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 160607 International Relations
subject: FOS: Political science

description: Em 7 de agosto de 2018, Iván Duque assumiu a presidência da Colômbia, marcando o retorno do partido Centro Democrático ao poder. Ao assumir o cargo, o novo presidente defendeu a adoção de uma política externa construtiva, multilateral e global, que projetasse o país como um estabilizador regional e um exportador de boas práticas em matéria de segurança e paz.
Stress Induced Structural Transformations in Au Nanocrystals
Creators: name: Parakh, Abhinav
name: Lee, Sangryun
name: Kiani, Mehrdad T.
name: Doan, David
name: Kunz, Martin
name: Doran, Andrew
name: Ryu, Seunghwa
name: Gu, X. Wendy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Nanocrystals can exist in multiply twinned structures like the icosahedron, or single crystalline structures like the cuboctahedron or Wulff-polyhedron. Structural transformation between these polymorphic structures can proceed through diffusion or displacive motion. Experimental studies on nanocrystal structural transformations have focused on high temperature diffusion mediated processes. Thus, there is limited experimental evidence of displacive motion mediated structural transformations. Here, we report the high-pressure structural transformation of 6 nm Au nanocrystals under nonhydrostatic pressure in a diamond anvil cell that is driven by displacive motion. In-situ X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy were used to detect the transformation of multiply twinned nanocrystals into single crystalline nanocrystals. High-pressure single crystalline nanocrystals were recovered after unloading, however, the nanocrystals quickly reverted back to multiply twinned state after redispersion in toluene solvent. The dynamics of recovery was captured using transmission electron microscopy which showed that the recovery was governed by surface recrystallization and rapid twin boundary motion. We show that this transformation is energetically favorable by calculating the pressure-induced change in strain energy. Molecular dynamics simulations showed that defects nucleated from a region of high stress region in the interior of the nanocrystal, which make twin boundaries unstable. Deviatoric stress driven Mackay transformation and dislocation/disclination mediated detwinning are hypothesized as possible mechanisms of high-pressure structural transformation.
description: 32 pages, 14 figures, and 1 movie (please open pdf with Adobe Acrobat Reader to see the embedded movie)
An exactly solvable model for driven dissipative systems
Creators: name: Srebro, Yair
name: Levine, Dov
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce a solvable stochastic model inspired by granular gases for driven dissipative systems. We characterize far from equilibrium steady states of such systems through the non-Boltzmann energy distribution and compare different measures of effective temperatures. As an example we demonstrate that fluctuation-dissipation relations hold, however with an effective temperature differing from the effective temperature defined from the average energy.
description: Some further clarifications. No changes in results or conclusions
Colombia: Hybrid Diplomacy and International Repositioning
Creators: name: Sánchez, Fabio
name: Niño, César
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 160607 International Relations
subject: FOS: Political science

description: Colombia vive un nuevo momento en su agenda doméstica y externa. La firma de la paz con las FARC (2016) abrió escenarios complejos que van desde la consolidación del Estado, hasta el posicionamiento internacional. ¿Cuáles son los principales desafíos y cómo se deberían abordar? En este trabajo se analiza la pacificación del país y las perspectivas de la seguridad en un contexto de incertidumbre, marcado por nuevas amenazas internas: inseguridad y violencia.
Neuropsychologists’ practice adjustments: The impact of COVID-19
Creators: name: Zane, Katherine L.
name: Thaler, Nicholas S.
name: Reilly, Shannon E.
name: Mahoney, James J.
name: Scarisbrick, David M.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: Objective: The field of neuropsychology’s response to the COVID-19 pandemic was characterized by a rapid change in clinical practice secondary to physical distancing policies and orders. The current study aimed to further characterize the change in neuropsychologists’ professional practice, specifically related to teleneuropsychology (TNP) service provision, and also provide novel data regarding the impact of the pandemic on providers’ emotional health. Method: This study surveyed 142 neuropsychologists between 3/30/2020 and 4/10/2020, who worked within a variety of settings (e.g., academic medical centers, general hospitals, Veterans Affairs medical centers, rehabilitation hospitals) across all four U.S. geographic regions. Mixed-model analyses of variance (ANOVAs) were conducted to assess for differences in neuropsychological practice (i.e., total number of patients and proportion of TNP seen per week) across time points (i.e., late February and early April) by practice setting and region. Descriptive statistics were conducted to describe respondents’ perceptions of TNP, emotional responses to the pandemic, and perceptions of institutional/employers’/practices’ responses. Results: Nearly all respondents (∼98%) reported making practice alterations, with ∼73% providing at least some TNP. Neuropsychologists across all settings and regions reported performing a higher proportion of TNP evaluations by April 2020. On average, respondents reported a medium amount of distress/anxiety related to COVID-19, which had a “somewhat small impact” on their ability to practice overall. Conclusions: The current study further elucidated neuropsychologists’ provision of TNP services and offered initial data related to their emotional response to the pandemic. Future research is needed to examine the viability and sustainability of TNP practice.
Effect of different fertilizer recommendation approaches on maize yield and soil health in a long-term maize-wheat rotation
Creators: name: Parmar, Varun
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 79902 Fertilisers and Agrochemicals (Application etc.)
subject: FOS: Other agricultural sciences

description: The present investigation was undertaken as a part of an ongoing long-term experiment on soil test crop response correlation studies (STCR) initiated during kharif, 2007 in a maize-wheat sequence at the experimental farm of Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, CSK HPKV, Palampur. The experiment was conducted during kharif season of 2019 and laid out in a randomized block design with eight treatments which were replicated thrice. The results divulged that application of fertilziers as per STCR approach with FYM was found to be superior and significantly influenced all measured variables in comparison to other treatments. The better growth and yield attributes in target yield of 40q ha-1 with FYM resulted in enhanced grain yield (42.7 qha-1) and net returns (₹ 55854 ha-1) however, its corresponding non-IPNS treatment obtained highest B:C (2.74). The grains produced under IPNS treatment of target yield 40q ha-1 had better quality in terms of higher amount of minerals present. The highest contents of OC (8.9g kg-1), EC (0.23ds m-1), available N (313.6 kg ha-1), P (74.2 kg ha-1) and K (294.8 kg ha-1), DTPA-extractable micronutrients, microbial biomass carbon (147.2 µg g-1), dehydrogenase activity (4.3µg TPF g-1 hr-1) and fovourable soil physical properties were found under STCR (IPNS) based treatment for target yield of 40q ha-1 which eventually improved soil health. Application of chemical fertilizers in combination with FYM enhanced different fractions of SOC and sequestered higher amount of carbon (3.24 t C ha-1 yr-1) in soil.
Blocks with small-dimensional basic algebra
Creators: name: Sambale, Benjamin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Linckelmann and Murphy have classified the Morita equivalence classes of p-blocks of finite groups whose basic algebra has dimension at most 12. We extend their classification to dimension 13 and 14. As predicted by Donovan's Conjecture, we obtain only finitely many such Morita equivalence classes.
description: 13 pages
Seismic interferometry using non-volcanic tremor in Cascadia
Creators: name: Chaput, Julien
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: The Green’s function for a source and receiver located on the Earth’s surface over a heterogeneous medium can be recovered by cross-correlating and integrating the transmission response of noise fields recorded at the two surface locations. This assertion relies on the assumption that the noise field is generated by random, independent sources distributed over a surface surrounding the heterogeneity, with the dominant contributions to the integral over source location occurring at stationary points of the integrand for a given structure. The majority of seismological research on seismic interferometry to date has focussed on surface wave applications, due in part to the general absence of deep, high-frequency noise sources. In this study, I investigate the possibility of using the recently documented, deep-seated, non-volcanic tremor on the Cascadia subduction zone as a noise source for seismic interferometry to recover scattered body wave contributions to the surface Green’s function. Tremors in the vicinity of the POLARIS-BC array for 2004 and 2005 were documented, and data for stations TWKB, MGCB and LZB were filtered and cross-correlated for all components of stations pairs TWKB-MCGB and TWKB-LZB. TWKB and MGCB correlations are generally superior, generating a large highly reproducible arrival at 4.5 s in 2004 and 2005 for combinations of vertical with radial or transverse components. TWKB and LZB correlations are less reproducible, but still yield, for the same components, a strong arrival at 3.5 s for 2005. Upon consideration of source/receiver geometry, polarity and appearance at positive versus negative lags, I interpret these arrivals to represent contributions travelling as S-to-P-to-S en route from source to free-surface to scatterer to receiver. Arrival times suggest that these signals originate at depths between 9 and 12 km, coincident with an interval of strong reflectivity imaged in the 1987 Lithoprobe Vancouver Island transect.
WHAT IMPLICATIONS DOES THE WORLD FOOD PRICE RISE HAVE FOR FOOD SECURITY IN BANGLADESH
Creators: name: Hossain, Mahbub
name: Hossain, Mahbub
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Food security
subject: co-integration model
subject: error correction model
subject: the logit model.

description: Bangladesh has often been regarded as a country whose food security situation is frequently worsened by price rise of essential foodstuffs. Rice has been the most significant cereal food in Bangladesh because it accounts for around 42 percent of per capita daily energy intake. Food price rise has become the most serious concern of majority of the country’s household as price rise becomes the regular phenomenon in the country. One-third of the country’s total population have been living under the poverty line. Regardless of the domestic rice production, Bangladesh imports around three million tonnes of rice every year which constitutes 17 percent of the country’s total import. Therefore, this empirical paper has attempted to explore how Bangladeshi local rice price is being affected by the world rice price, and how rising rice price affects household food security. In doing so, co-integration model and error correction model were applied to weekly rice price data obtained from the on-line database of the Food Policy Monitoring Unit of the Ministry of Food, Government of Bangladesh. The results confirm that world rice price and Bangladesh local market rice price are co-integrated. Although there has not been any immediate impact of world price shock in Bangladesh due to the influence of short term measures taken by the government, there are long term impacts of such price shock. Logit model has been employed to determine the rice price threshold beyond which households become unable to ensure their food security. For this purpose a sample of 80 poor households whose per capita income was less than $1, was surveyed in order to obtain the required data. The results of the logit model suggest that if rice price goes beyond Tk 34 per kilogram, sample poor households become extremely vulnerable in respect of food security. Finally, some recommendations have been made at the end of this paper based on the empirical findings.
Modified Large Distance Newton Potential on a Gauss-Bonnet Brane World
Creators: name: Davis, Stephen C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Gravity on a brane world with higher order curvature terms and a conformally coupled bulk scalar field is investigated. Solutions with non-standard large distance gravity are described. It is not necessary to include a scalar field potential in order to obtain the solutions. The resulting Newton potential is qualitatively similar to that of the Dvali-Gabadadze-Porrati (DGP) model. For suitable parameter choices the model is ghost free. Like many other brane gravity models with modified large distance Newton potentials, the short distance gravity is scalar-tensor. The scalar couples with gravitational strength, and so the model is not compatible with observation.
description: 6 pages
Neuropsychologists’ practice adjustments: the impact of COVID-19
Creators: name: Zane, Katherine L.
name: Thaler, Nicholas S.
name: Reilly, Shannon E.
name: Mahoney, James J.
name: Scarisbrick, David M.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: Objective: The field of neuropsychology’s response to the COVID-19 pandemic was characterized by a rapid change in clinical practice secondary to physical distancing policies and orders. The current study aimed to further characterize the change in neuropsychologists’ professional practice, specifically related to teleneuropsychology (TNP) service provision, and also provide novel data regarding the impact of the pandemic on providers’ emotional health. Method: This study surveyed 142 neuropsychologists between 3/30/2020 and 4/10/2020, who worked within a variety of settings (e.g., academic medical centers, general hospitals, Veterans Affairs medical centers, rehabilitation hospitals) across all four U.S. geographic regions. Mixed-model analyses of variance (ANOVAs) were conducted to assess for differences in neuropsychological practice (i.e., total number of patients and proportion of TNP seen per week) across time points (i.e., late February and early April) by practice setting and region. Descriptive statistics were conducted to describe respondents’ perceptions of TNP, emotional responses to the pandemic, and perceptions of institutional/employers’/practices’ responses. Results: Nearly all respondents (∼98%) reported making practice alterations, with ∼73% providing at least some TNP. Neuropsychologists across all settings and regions reported performing a higher proportion of TNP evaluations by April 2020. On average, respondents reported a medium amount of distress/anxiety related to COVID-19, which had a “somewhat small impact” on their ability to practice overall. Conclusions: The current study further elucidated neuropsychologists’ provision of TNP services and offered initial data related to their emotional response to the pandemic. Future research is needed to examine the viability and sustainability of TNP practice.
K-Rb Fermi-Bose mixtures: vortical states and sag
Creators: name: Jezek, D. M.
name: Barranco, M.
name: Guilleumas, M.
name: Jezek, D. M.
name: Barranco, M.
name: Guilleumas, M.
name: Mayol, R.
name: Pi, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study a confined mixture of bosons and fermions in the quantal degeneracy regime with attractive boson-fermion interaction. We discuss the effect that the presence of vortical states and the displacement of the trapping potentials may have on mixtures near collapse, and investigate the phase stability diagram of the K-Rb mixture in the mean field approximation supposing in one case that the trapping potentials felt by bosons and fermions are shifted from each other, as it happens in the presence of a gravitational sag, and in another case, assuming that the Bose condensate sustains a vortex state. In both cases, we have obtained an analytical expression for the fermion effective potential when the Bose condensate is in the Thomas-Fermi regime, that can be used to determine the maxima of the fermionic density. We have numerically checked that the values one obtains for the location of these maxima using the analytical formulas remain valid up to the critical boson and fermion numbers, above which the mixture collapses.
description: Submitted to Phys. Rev. A (on May 2004), 15 pages with 3 figures
SILÍCIO NA FERTILIDADE DO SOLO E NA NUTRIÇÃO DE CUCURBITACEAE FRENTE A ESTRESSES ABIÓTICOS
Creators: name: GRAÇA, Genilza Almeida da
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Artigo de revisão. Quimica do solo. Plantas

description: O silício (Si) é um elemento benéfico para o crescimento das plantas e tem se mostrado crucial na melhoria da fertilidade do solo e na adaptação de plantas da família Cucurbitaceae a estresses ambientais. O Si aumenta a capacidade de retenção de água do solo, auxiliando as Cucurbitaceae na tolerância à seca. Também facilita a absorção de nutrientes essenciais, como o fósforo, melhorando a nutrição das plantas em solos deficientes. Em face de desafios crescentes de estresses abióticos, é necessário a organização das informações contidas na literatura para melhor enfrentar esses desafios, com isso, o presente trabalho tem como principal objetivo trazer por meio de revisão bibliográfica, informações atualizadas sobre o papel do silicio na fertilidade do solo e nutrição de cucurbitaceas frente a estresses.
Stein's method, Palm theory and Poisson process approximation
Creators: name: Chen, Louis H. Y.
name: Xia, Aihua
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60G55 (Primary) 60E15, 60E05 (Secondary)

description: The framework of Stein's method for Poisson process approximation is presented from the point of view of Palm theory, which is used to construct Stein identities and define local dependence. A general result (Theorem \refimportantproposition) in Poisson process approximation is proved by taking the local approach. It is obtained without reference to any particular metric, thereby allowing wider applicability. A Wasserstein pseudometric is introduced for measuring the accuracy of point process approximation. The pseudometric provides a generalization of many metrics used so far, including the total variation distance for random variables and the Wasserstein metric for processes as in Barbour and Brown [Stochastic Process. Appl. 43 (1992) 9-31]. Also, through the pseudometric, approximation for certain point processes on a given carrier space is carried out by lifting it to one on a larger space, extending an idea of Arratia, Goldstein and Gordon [Statist. Sci. 5 (1990) 403-434]. The error bound in the general result is similar in form to that for Poisson approximation. As it yields the Stein factor 1/λas in Poisson approximation, it provides good approximation, particularly in cases where λis large. The general result is applied to a number of problems including Poisson process modeling of rare words in a DNA sequence.
description: Published by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org) in the Annals of Probability (http://www.imstat.org/aop/) at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/009117904000000027
CONTRACT FARMING PRACTICE IN INDIAN PUNJAB: FARMERS’ PERSPECTIVE
Creators: name: Sharma, Nivedita
name: Sharma, Nivedita
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Agricultural Finance
subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: Production Economics
subject: Agribusiness
subject: agribusiness normalization
subject: diversification and contract farming

description: This paper examines the status quo of contract farming in Indian Punjab from the farmers‟ perspective. The analysis is based on the field survey of three districts of the state covering 300 contract farmers. It is observed that agribusiness normalization has taken hold of the CF practice and farmers are facing its brunt. Withdrawal of extension services, reneging on prices and procurement are the major issues afflicting CF. Lack of adjudication is making contract farming exploitative in approach and the study recommends vigilant and strong intervention of the government.
Multi-Node Multi-GPU Diffeomorphic Image Registration for Large-Scale Imaging Problems
Creators: name: Brunn, Malte
name: Himthani, Naveen
name: Biros, George
name: Mehl, Miriam
name: Mang, Andreas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 68U10, 49J20, 35Q93, 65K10, 65F08, 76D55

description: We present a Gauss-Newton-Krylov solver for large deformation diffeomorphic image registration. We extend the publicly available CLAIRE library to multi-node multi-graphics processing unit (GPUs) systems and introduce novel algorithmic modifications that significantly improve performance. Our contributions comprise ($i$) a new preconditioner for the reduced-space Gauss-Newton Hessian system, ($ii$) a highly-optimized multi-node multi-GPU implementation exploiting device direct communication for the main computational kernels (interpolation, high-order finite difference operators and Fast-Fourier-Transform), and ($iii$) a comparison with state-of-the-art CPU and GPU implementations. We solve a $256^3$-resolution image registration problem in five seconds on a single NVIDIA Tesla V100, with a performance speedup of 70% compared to the state-of-the-art. In our largest run, we register $2048^3$ resolution images (25 B unknowns; approximately 152$\times$ larger than the largest problem solved in state-of-the-art GPU implementations) on 64 nodes with 256 GPUs on TACC's Longhorn system.
description: Proc ACM/IEEE Conference on Supercomputing 2020 (accepted for publication)
RESOURCE USE EFFICIENCY IN GUM ARABIC PRODUCTION AMONG FARMERS IN YOBE STATE, NIGERIA
Creators: name: Valla, Wuranti
name: Ayoola, Josephine Bosede
name: Valla, Wuranti
name: Ayoola, Josephine Bosede
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Production Economics
subject: Productivity Analysis
subject: Gum Arabic
subject: resource
subject: efficiency
subject: rational
subject: optimal
subject: Yobe State
subject: Nigeria

description: This study aimed at assessing the efficiency of resource utilization among gum Arabic farmers in Yobe State of Nigeria; towards determining the parameters that could promote the commercialization of the crop in Nigeria. One hundred and twenty gum Arabic farmers were selected by multi-staged random sampling from six local government areas, and structured questionnaires were administered to obtain data for the study. The data collected included farm size, cost of farm tools, cost of labour, yield of gum Arabic, total revenue from gum Arabic; and socio-economic variables such as age, marital status, family size and educational level. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, budgeting technique and production function analysis. Results indicated that gross income, gross margin and net farm income per hectare of N 30,000.00 (US Dollar 187.50), N 20,980.00 (US Dollar 131.13) and N 19,430.00 (US Dollar 121.44) were realized. Return to labour and naira investment were 3.08 and 1.84 respectively. Results also indicated that farm size, cost of farm tools, hired labour, family labour and transport cost were used within the rational zone but not at optimal levels.
A facet is not an island: step-step interactions and the fluctuations of the boundary of a crystal facet
Creators: name: Pimpinelli, Alberto
name: Degawa, M.
name: Einstein, T. L.
name: Williams, Ellen D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In a recent paper [Ferrari et al., Phys. Rev. E 69, 035102(R) (2004)], the scaling law of the fluctuations of the step limiting a crystal facet has been computed as a function of the facet size. Ferrari et al. use rigorous, but physically rather obscure, arguments. Approaching the problem from a different perspective, we rederive more transparently the scaling behavior of facet edge fluctuations as a function of time. Such behavior can be scrutinized with STM experiments and with numerical simulations.
description: 3 pages
Colombian Foreign Policy: an assessment of Iván Duque's period
Creators: name: Sánchez, Fabio
name: Nanci, Fernanda
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 160607 International Relations
subject: FOS: Political science

description: Em 7 de agosto de 2018, Iván Duque assumiu a presidência da Colômbia, marcando o retorno do partido Centro Democrático ao poder. Ao assumir o cargo, o novo presidente defendeu a adoção de uma política externa construtiva, multilateral e global, que projetasse o país como um estabilizador regional e um exportador de boas práticas em matéria de segurança e paz.
PROBIT MODEL ANALYSIS OF SMALLHOLDER’S FARMERS DECISION TO USE AGROCHEMICAL INPUTS IN GWAGWALADA AND KUJE AREA COUNCILS OF FEDERAL CAPITAL TERRITORY, ABUJA, NIGERIA
Creators: name: Alabi, Omotayo Olugbenga
name: Lawal, Alimi Folorunsho
name: Coker, Ayodeji Alexander
name: Awoyinka, Yisau Akanfe
name: Alabi, Omotayo Olugbenga
name: Lawal, Alimi Folorunsho
name: Coker, Ayodeji Alexander
name: Awoyinka, Yisau Akanfe
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Agricultural Finance
subject: Production Economics
subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: Agrochemicals
subject: smallholders farmers
subject: probit model
subject: Abuja
subject: Nigeria.

description: This study examined Probit model analysis of smallholder’s farmers decision to use agrochemical inputs in Gwagwalada and Kuje Area Councils of Federal Capital Territory, Abuja, Nigeria. Primary data were used for this study. Data were obtained using structured questionnaire. The questionnaires were administered to sixty smallholder’s farmers sampled using a two-stage sampling technique. Data obtained were analyzed using descriptive statistics and Probit model. Eight estimators, age; farm-size; education–level; extension services; access to credit; off-farm income; experiences in farming; in the Probit model were found statistically significant. Results show that the probability of using agrochemical inputs increases with age; farm-size; family-size; education-level; extension services; experiences in farming but decreases where they have off-farm income and access to credits. Mc Fadden Pseudo-R2 gives 0.6866 and Probit model correctly classified 93%. This study concluded that capacity of agricultural extension agents needs to be improved in the study area to educate farmers to invest in agrochemicals and improved agricultural technologies. Also, Government needs to improve on good road networks and appropriate policies to regulate standard, use, safety needs and environment of use of agrochemicals in the study area.
Centralized vs Decentralized Targeted Brute-Force Attacks: Guessing with Side-Information
Creators: name: Salamatian, Salman
name: Huleihel, Wasim
name: Beirami, Ahmad
name: Cohen, Asaf
name: Médard, Muriel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: According to recent empirical studies, a majority of users have the same, or very similar, passwords across multiple password-secured online services. This practice can have disastrous consequences, as one password being compromised puts all the other accounts at much higher risk. Generally, an adversary may use any side-information he/she possesses about the user, be it demographic information, password reuse on a previously compromised account, or any other relevant information to devise a better brute-force strategy (so called targeted attack). In this work, we consider a distributed brute-force attack scenario in which $m$ adversaries, each observing some side information, attempt breaching a password secured system. We compare two strategies: an uncoordinated attack in which the adversaries query the system based on their own side-information until they find the correct password, and a fully coordinated attack in which the adversaries pool their side-information and query the system together. For passwords $\mathbf{X}$ of length $n$, generated independently and identically from a distribution $P_X$, we establish an asymptotic closed-form expression for the uncoordinated and coordinated strategies when the side-information $\mathbf{Y}_{(m)}$ are generated independently from passing $\mathbf{X}$ through a memoryless channel $P_{Y|X}$, as the length of the password $n$ goes to infinity. We illustrate our results for binary symmetric channels and binary erasure channels, two families of side-information channels which model password reuse. We demonstrate that two coordinated agents perform asymptotically better than any finite number of uncoordinated agents for these channels, meaning that sharing side-information is very valuable in distributed attacks.
Dose-finding design and benchmark for a right censored endpoint
Creators: name: Andrillon, Anaïs
name: Chevret, Sylvie
name: Shing M Lee
name: Biard, Lucie
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Cancer

description: Dose-finding trials aim to determine a safe dose to be tested in larger trials for efficacy. In oncology, designs generally assume conventional monotonic increasing dose-toxicity relationships, mostly with binary outcomes (e.g., dose-limiting toxicity or not), measured in the first cycle of therapy or for a fixed number of cycles. However, with new anti-cancer agents such as molecularly targeted therapies and immunotherapies, late-onset toxicities have become more frequent. Designs with prolonged observation windows and censored endpoints analyzed using survival models, appear particularly suited to these settings. Moreover, in this setting, the observation of the late-onset toxicity endpoint could be precluded by trial discontinuation due to death, progression, patient withdrawal, or physician discretion, defining a competing event to toxicity. We propose extensions of the Continual Reassessment Method (CRM) dose-finding design using survival working models for right-censored endpoints and for handling treatment discontinuation in the toxicity observation window, namely the Survival-CRM (Surv-CRM) and the informative survival-CRM (iSurv-CRM). We also developed a benchmark approach for its evaluation. In a simulation study, we compared the performance of the Surv-CRM and iSurv-CRM, to those of the Time-to-event (TITE)-CRM and the nonparametric benchmark. The performance of the proposed methods was consistent with the complexity of scenarios as assessed by the nonparametric benchmark. Without treatment discontinuations, the Surv-CRM provides proportions of correct dose selection close to those of the TITE-CRM with fewer observed toxicities and patients assigned to overtoxic dose levels. In the presence of treatment discontinuation, the iSurv-CRM outperforms the TITE-CRM in identifying the correct dose level.
A conflict between some semantic conditions of Carmo and Jones for contrary-to-duty obligations
Creators: name: Kjos-Hanssen, Bjørn
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Logic (math.LO)
subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 03B45

description: We show that Carmo and Jones' condition 5(e) conflicts with the other conditions on their models for contrary-to-duty obligations. We then propose a resolution to the conflict.
Postseismic deformation following the 1991 Racha, Georgia earthquake
Creators: name: Podgorski, Joel Edwin
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: The April 29, 1991 Racha, Georgia Mw=6.9 earthquake was the largest earthquake recorded in the western section of the Greater Caucasus Mountains. Lithospheric deformation following this earthquake was recorded by a network of eight GPS stations. These data were modeled for postseismic deformation with the mechanisms of afterslip and viscoelastic relaxation. Prior to modeling, the GPS data were corrected for secular tectonic motions by two separate methods. The first was to use the 1996-2000 portion of the GPS time-series as an estimate of preseismic deformation rates. The second method involved using a regional tectonic block model to produce velocity estimates for the GPS stations. Shallow afterslip was found to best explain the data for the 1991-1994 time period with a moment of 7 x 10¹⁸⁴ N m. This is equivalent to about 20% of the coseismic moment and represents 300 times the total moment released from aftershocks during the same time period. Most of the postseismic deformation was completed by 1994. While viscoelastic relaxation was not found to be responsible for postseismic deformation, it was determined that viscosities less than 10¹⁸ Pa sec can be ruled out for possible a possible viscoelastic layer in the lower crust.
Quantum Photovoltaic Cells Driven by Photon Pulses
Creators: name: Oh, Sangchul
name: Park, Jungjun
name: Nha, Hyunchul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the quantum thermodynamics of two quantum systems, a two-level system and a four-level quantum photocell, each driven by photon pulses as a quantum heat engine. We set these systems to be in thermal contact only with a cold reservoir while the heat (energy) source, conventionally given from a hot thermal reservoir, is supplied by a sequence of photon pulses. The dynamics of each system is governed by a coherent interaction due to photon pulses in terms of the Jaynes-Cummings Hamiltonian together with the system-bath interaction described by the Lindblad master equation. We calculate the thermodynamic quantities for the two-level system and the quantum photocell including the change in system energy, power delivered by photon pulses, power output to an external load, heat dissipated to a cold bath, and entropy production. We thereby demonstrate how a quantum photocell in the cold bath can operate as a continuum quantum heat engine with the sequence of photon pulses continuously applied. We specifically introduce the power efficiency of the quantum photocell in terms of the ratio of output power delivered to an external load with current and voltage to the input power delivered by the photon pulse. Our study indicates a possibility that a quantum system driven by external fields can act as an efficient quantum heat engine under non-equilibrium thermodynamics.
description: 10 pages, 8 figures, submitted
Relativistic and QED corrections to the g factor of Li-like ions
Creators: name: Glazov, D. A.
name: Shabaev, V. M.
name: Tupitsyn, I. I.
name: Volotka, A. V.
name: Yerokhin, V. A.
name: Plunien, G.
name: Soff, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Calculations of various corrections to the g factor of Li-like ions are presented, which result in a significant improvement of the theoretical accuracy in the region Z = 6-92. The configuration-interaction Dirac-Fock method is employed for the evaluation of the interelectronic-interaction correction of order 1/Z^2 and higher. This correction is combined with the 1/Z interelectronic-interaction term derived within a rigorous QED approach. The one-electron QED corrections of first in αare calculated to all orders in the parameter αZ. The screening of QED corrections is taken into account to the leading orders in αZ and 1/Z.
description: 23 pages
The Initial Conditions to Star Formation: Low Mass Stars at Low Metallicity
Creators: name: Romaniello, Martino
name: Panagia, Nino
name: Robberto, Massimo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have measured the present accretion rate of roughly 800 low-mass (~1-1.4 Mo) pre-Main Sequence stars in the field of SN 1987A in the Large Magellanic Cloud. The stars with statistically significant Balmer continuum and Halpha excesses are measured to have accretion rates larger than about 1.5x10^{-8} Mo/yr at an age of 12-16 Myrs. For comparison, the time scale for disk dissipation observed in the Galaxy is of the order of 6 Myrs.
description: 4 pages, 1 figure, to appear in IMF@50, ed. by E. Corbelli, F. Palla, H. Zinnecker (Dordrecht: Kluwer)
IMPLICATIONS OF FUKUSHIMA NUCLEAR DISASTER FOR JAPANESE AGRI-FOOD CHAINS
Creators: name: Bachev, Hrabrin Ianouchev
name: Ito, Fusao
name: Bachev, Hrabrin Ianouchev
name: Ito, Fusao
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: Fukushima nuclear disaster
subject: impacts
subject: agriculture
subject: food chains
subject: Japan

description: There are few English publications on various impacts of Fukushima nuclear disaster on agri-food secor in Japan. This paper fills the gap and presents results of a study on implications of Fukushima nuclear disaster for Japanese agri-food chains. Firsly, immediate and short-term radiation effects, and effects on nearby population, safety regulation and inspection system, markets and consumer’s behavior, agrarian and food products, health, and economic impacts on farming and agri-businesses, are assessed. Next, overall shorter and longer-term impacts on agriculture, food industries, and consumers in Fukushima region, neighboring regions, and other parts of Japan are estimated.
Realistic non-local refrigeration engine based on Coulomb coupled systems
Creators: name: Barman, Anamika
name: Halder, Surojit
name: Varshney, Shailendra K.
name: Dutta, Gourab
name: Singha, Aniket
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Employing Coulomb-coupled systems, we demonstrate a cryogenic non-local refrigeration engine, that circumvents the need for a change in the energy resolved system-to-reservoir coupling, demanded by the recently proposed non-local refrigerators. We demonstrate that an intentionally introduced energy difference between the ground states of adjacent tunnel coupled quantum dots, associated with Coulomb coupling, is sufficient to extract heat from a remote target reservoir. Investigating the performance and operating regime using quantum-master-equation (QME) approach, we point out to some crucial aspects of the proposed refrigeration engine. In particular, we demonstrate that the maximum cooling power for the proposed set-up is limited to about $70\%$ of the optimal design. Proceeding further, we point out that to achieve a target reservoir temperature, lower compared to the average temperature of the current path, the applied voltage must be greater than a given threshold voltage $V_{TH}$, that increases with decrease in the target reservoir temperature. In addition, we demonstrate that the maximum cooling power, as well as the coefficient of performance deteriorates as one approaches a lower target reservoir temperature. The novelty of the proposed refrigeration engine is the integration of fabrication simplicity along with descent cooling power. The idea proposed in this paper may pave the way towards the realization of efficient non-local cryogenic refrigeration systems.
description: 11 pages, 9 figures
Interesting coupling phenomena of heavy and light holes in a (GaAs/AlAs) superlattice
Creators: name: Diago-Cisneros, L.
name: Rodriguez-Coppola, H.
name: Perez-Alvarez, R.
name: Pereyra, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An appropriate combination of the scattering theory and the transfer matrix formalism, for the solution of a (4 x 4) Kohn-Luttinger model, allow us to study the multichannel-multiband transmission process of heavy and light holes through a (GaAs/AlAs) superlattice. Appealing effects and interesting channel coupling phenomena, mediated by quasi-bond states, are clearly foreseen.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures,Reduced version of a talk presented at the Iberoamerican Meeting on Nanostructures (Madrid, March 2003)
Mejora del medio ambiente y nivel de desarrollo: las opciones de los Programas de Desarrollo Rural (2007-2013) de la Unión Europea
Creators: name: Rosell, Jordi
name: Viladomiu, Lourdes
name: Correa, Miquel
name: Rosell, Jordi
name: Viladomiu, Lourdes
name: Correa, Miquel
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Programacion del desarrollo rural
subject: medio ambiente
subject: Programas de Desarrollo Rural (2007-13)
subject: politica de desarrollo rural europea
subject: Rural development Policies
subject: environmental policies
subject: European Rural Development Programmes (2007-13)
subject: European Rural Policy

description: Los programas de desarrollo rural del actual periodo de programación (2007-13) se han estructurado en 4 ejes. El eje 2, correspondiente a la mejora del medio ambiente y del entorno rural, es con casi la mitad de los recursos públicos, el principal. El objetivo de este artículo es estudiar los elementos que explican los diferentes niveles de gasto adjudicados a este eje según Estado miembro y Programa de Desarrollo Rural. Se aprecia que el nivel de gasto en el eje 2 está correlacionado con el nivel de renta, pero no guarda relación alguna con los indicadores que la Comisión Europea ha establecido en la priorización de la problemática e interés agroambiental de los diferentes territorios europeos. ---- The current European Rural Development Programs (2007-13) have been structured in 4 axes. With almost half of public resources assigned, Axis 2 is the main axis and includes the measures related to the improvement of the environment. The aim of this article is to study the factors that account for the different levels of expenses allocated to this axis in each Member State and RDP. It is established that the level of expenditure under Axis 2 is correlated with the level of income but has no relation with the environmental indicators set by the European Commission to determinate different levels of environmental problems and to indicate different levels of environmental richness in the European territories.
APRENDER A CUIDAR DO MEIO AMBIENTE COM O "SENHOR CABEÇA DE ALPISTE"
Creators: name: PODGAISKIS, Ingrid Romero
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Meio Ambiente. Responsabilidade. Alfabetização

description: O presente trabalho é um relato de experiência, com base em práticas pedagógicas voltadas à conscientização, observação, compreensão e cuidados com o meio ambiente com a alunos da turma do 1° ano do ensino fundamental com idades de 6 e 7 anos. Realizado no primeiro semestre, contemplando o projeto institucional “Meio Ambiente - Sustentabilidade, Desenvolvimento E Inclusão Social”, da Escola Municipal de Educação Básica Armando Dias, localizada em Sinop- Mato Grosso, dando início a proposta no período de 01 de março de 2023 até 07 de junho de 2023, onde houve a culminância do referente projeto. Os problemas relacionados a esse tema hoje são de discussão em todo o mundo, pois influencia a vida de todos no planeta. Ao longo do projeto são apresentados nesse trabalho, diversas estratégias para favorecer a aprendizagem, envolvendo os alunos e despertando curiosidades sobre o assunto, como observação, desenhos, interpretação textual, investigação e experiências, podendo então levantar suas próprias hipóteses, averiguando assim as possibilidades. Nesse contexto, as atividades realizadas tiveram o intuito de fomentar discussões ambiental, visando a importância do contato com a natureza e envolvendo os alunos não só para considerar a importância da proteção ao meio ambiente, mas ainda chamando a atenção para diversas questões ambientais, como desmatamento, queimadas, poluição, falta de chuva e água potável. Assim buscando sensibilizar os alunos há despertar sua consciência critica percebendo-se sujeitos ativos na construção de uma sociedade que zela e cuida do meio ambiente, considerando o cuidado e zelo com seu Boneco “Senhor Cabeça de Alpiste”.