cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Denting Points of Convex Sets and Weak Property ($π$) of Cones in Locally Convex Spaces
Creators: name: García-Castaño, Fernando
name: Padial, M. A. Melguizo
name: Parzanese, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 46A55, 46A08, 46B2, 46B22, 46B40

description: In this paper we first extend from normed spaces to locally convex spaces some characterizations of denting points in convex sets. On the other hand, we also prove that in an infrabarreled locally convex space a point in a convex set is denting if and only if it is a point of continuity and an extreme point of the closure of such a convex set under the strong topology in the second dual. The version for normed spaces of the former equivalence is new and contains, as particular cases, some known and remarkable results. We also extend from normed spaces to locally convex spaces some known characterizations of the weak property (\(π\)) of cones. Besides, we provide some new results regarding the angle property of cones and related. We also state that the class of cones in normed spaces having a pointed completion is the largest one for which the vertex is a denting point if and only if it is a point of continuity. Finally we analyse and answer several problems in the literature concerning geometric properties of cones which are related with density problems into vector optimization.
Robust Semi-Supervised Learning for Self-learning Open-World Classes
Creators: name: Xi, Wenjuan
name: Song, Xin
name: Guo, Weili
name: Yang, Yang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Existing semi-supervised learning (SSL) methods assume that labeled and unlabeled data share the same class space. However, in real-world applications, unlabeled data always contain classes not present in the labeled set, which may cause classification performance degradation of known classes. Therefore, open-world SSL approaches are researched to handle the presence of multiple unknown classes in the unlabeled data, which aims to accurately classify known classes while fine-grained distinguishing different unknown classes. To address this challenge, in this paper, we propose an open-world SSL method for Self-learning Open-world Classes (SSOC), which can explicitly self-learn multiple unknown classes. Specifically, SSOC first defines class center tokens for both known and unknown classes and autonomously learns token representations according to all samples with the cross-attention mechanism. To effectively discover novel classes, SSOC further designs a pairwise similarity loss in addition to the entropy loss, which can wisely exploit the information available in unlabeled data from instances' predictions and relationships. Extensive experiments demonstrate that SSOC outperforms the state-of-the-art baselines on multiple popular classification benchmarks. Specifically, on the ImageNet-100 dataset with a novel ratio of 90%, SSOC achieves a remarkable 22% improvement.
Additional file 2 of Staff members’ prioritisation of care in residential aged care facilities: a Q methodology study
Creators: name: Ludlow, Kristiana
name: Churruca, Kate
name: Mumford, Virginia
name: Ellis, Louise A.
name: Braithwaite, Jeffrey
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 2. Q cards, care categories and factor arrays.
International Conference on Economics, Business, Tourism & Social Sciences (ICEBTS 2021), Bangkok (Thailand), December 19, 2021
Creators: name: IIARP Conference
Publisher: name: F1000 Research Limited
Year: 2021

description: International Conference on Economics, Business, Tourism & Social Sciences is the premier meeting place for researchers, professors, students and professionals of different areas. Now the conference is extended across many regions of the world. This conference intends to bring together and provide a common platform to accumulate and exchange the innovative ideas, latest knowledge and unique experiences for the benefits of researchers, professors, industrialists, academicians, students, and other participants.

 Some of the participants were not able to join us live but you can go to our YouTube channel to see their presentations.
 https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PLIO6SIgQ_F67iR4LafBZ7XkGyozH1RBE2
Spectral and Diffusive Properties of Silver-Mean Quasicrystals in 1,2, and 3 Dimensions
Creators: name: Cerovski, V. Z.
name: Schreiber, M.
name: Grimm, U.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Spectral properties and anomalous diffusion in the silver-mean (octonacci) quasicrystals in d=1,2,3 are investigated using numerical simulations of the return probability C(t) and the width of the wave packet w(t) for various values of the hopping strength v. In all dimensions we find C(t)\sim t^{-δ}, with results suggesting a crossover from δ<1 to δ=1 when v is varied in d=2,3, which is compatible with the change of the spectral measure from singular continuous to absolute continuous; and we find w(t)\sim t^β with 0
description: 11 pages, 10 figures, 1 table
Combining Fine- and Coarse-Grained Classifiers for Diabetic Retinopathy Detection
Creators: name: Bajwa, Muhammad Naseer
name: Taniguchi, Yoshinobu
name: Malik, Muhammad Imran
name: Neumeier, Wolfgang
name: Dengel, Andreas
name: Ahmed, Sheraz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Visual artefacts of early diabetic retinopathy in retinal fundus images are usually small in size, inconspicuous, and scattered all over retina. Detecting diabetic retinopathy requires physicians to look at the whole image and fixate on some specific regions to locate potential biomarkers of the disease. Therefore, getting inspiration from ophthalmologist, we propose to combine coarse-grained classifiers that detect discriminating features from the whole images, with a recent breed of fine-grained classifiers that discover and pay particular attention to pathologically significant regions. To evaluate the performance of this proposed ensemble, we used publicly available EyePACS and Messidor datasets. Extensive experimentation for binary, ternary and quaternary classification shows that this ensemble largely outperforms individual image classifiers as well as most of the published works in most training setups for diabetic retinopathy detection. Furthermore, the performance of fine-grained classifiers is found notably superior than coarse-grained image classifiers encouraging the development of task-oriented fine-grained classifiers modelled after specialist ophthalmologists.
description: Pages 12, Figures 5
Wheel graph strategy for PEV localization of networks
Creators: name: Jalan, Sarika
name: Pradhan, Priodyuti
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Investigation of eigenvector localization properties of complex networks is not only important for gaining insight into fundamental network problems such as network centrality measure, spectral partitioning, development of approximation algorithms, but also is crucial for understanding many real-world phenomena such as disease spreading, criticality in brain network dynamics. For a network, an eigenvector is said to be localized when most of its components take value near to zero, with a few components taking very high values. In this article, we devise a methodology to construct a principal eigenvector (PEV) localized network from a given input network. The methodology relies on adding a small component having a wheel graph to the given input network. By extensive numerical simulation and an analytical formulation based on the largest eigenvalue of the input network, we compute the size of the wheel graph required to localize the PEV of the combined network. Using the susceptible-infected-susceptible model, we demonstrate the success of this method for various models and real-world networks consider as input networks. We show that on such PEV localized networks, the disease gets localized within a small region of the network structure before the outbreaks. The study is relevant in controlling spreading processes on complex systems represented by networks.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures
Simulation studies of carbon nanotube field-effect transistors
Creators: name: John, David Llewellyn
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Simulation studies of carbon nanotube field-effect transistors (CNFETs) are presented using models of increasing rigour and versatility that have been systematically developed. Firstly, it is demonstrated how one may compute the standard tight-binding band structure. From this foundation, a self-consistent solution for computing the equilibrium energy band diagram of devices with Schottky-barrier source and drain contacts is developed. While this does provide insight into the likely behaviour of CNFETs, a non-equilibrium model is required in order to predict the current-voltage relation. To this end, the effective-mass approximation is utilized, where a parabolic fit to the band structure is used in order to develop a Schrödinger-Poisson solver. This model is employed to predict both DC behaviour and switching times for CNFETs, and was one of the first models that captured quantum effects, such as tunneling [i.e. tunnelling] and resonance, in these devices. In addition, this model has been used in order to validate compact models that incorporated tunneling via the WKB approximation. A modified WKB derivation is provided in order to account for the non-zero reflection of carriers above a potential energy step. In order to allow for greater flexibility in the CNFET geometries, and to lift the effective-mass approximation, a non-equilibrium Green’s function method is finally developed, which uses an atomistic tight-binding Hamiltonian to model doped-contact, as opposed to Schottky-barrier-contact, devices. This approach benefits by being able to account for both inter- and intra-band tunneling, and by utilizing a quadratic matrix equation in order to improve the computation time for the required self-energy matrices. Within this technique, an expression for the local inter-atomic current is derived in order to provide more detailed information than the usual compact expression for the terminal current. With this final model, an investigation is presented into the effects of geometrical variations, contact thicknesses, and azimuthal variation in the surface potential of the nanotube.
Possible Electromagnetic Phenomena during the Coalescence of Neutron Star-Black Hole Binary Systems
Creators: name: Postnov, K. A.
name: Kuranov, A. G.
name: Simkin, I. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Possible models for the generation of electromagnetic (EM) radiation during the coalescence of neutron star-black hole binaries are considered. The mass of the remnant disk around the black hole during the coalescence of neutron stars and black holes is calculated by taking into account the equation of state for neutron stars and the rotation of the binary components before the coalescence. The parameters of binary systems before the coalescence (the mass ratio, the component rotation, the neutron star magnetic field) are calculated by the population synthesis method. The derived mass of the remnant disk around the black hole after the coalescence is used to estimate the kinetic energy of the relativistic jet launched by the Blandford-Znajek mechanism. A disk mass of more than $\sim 0.05 M_\odot$ required for the formation of short gamma-ray bursts is shown to be obtained in no more than 1-10\% of the coalescences (depending on the equation of state). Less efficient common envelopes (a large parameter $α_{CE}$) lead to a noticeably larger percentage of events with astrophysically interesting EM energy release. For binaries with a large mass ratio, in which a magnetized neutron star is not subjected to tidal disruption before the coalescence, the possibility of the formation of an electrically charged rotating black hole (Wald charge) is considered and estimates of the maximum EM power released by such a black hole after the coalescence are made. The conversion of the emitted gravitational waves into electromagnetic ones in the relativistic lepton plasma generated in coalescing pulsar-black hole binaries at the pre-coalescence stage is discussed.
description: 19 pages, 8 figures
Shape transition and oblate-prolate coexistence in N=Z fpg-shell nuclei
Creators: name: Kaneko, K.
name: Hasegawa, M.
name: Mizusaki, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Nuclear shape transition and oblate-prolate coexistence in $N=Z$ nuclei are investigated within the configuration space ($2p_{3/2}$, $1f_{5/2}$, $2p_{1/2}$, and $1g_{9/2}$). We perform shell model calculations for $^{60}$Zn, $^{64}$Ge, and $^{68}$Se and constrained Hartree-Fock (CHF) calculations for $^{60}$Zn, $^{64}$Ge, $^{68}$Se, and $^{72}$Kr, employing an effective pairing plus quadrupole residual interaction with monopole interactions. The shell model calculations reproduce well the experimental energy levels of these nuclei. From the analysis of potential energy surface in the CHF calculations, we found shape transition from prolate to oblate deformation in these $N=Z$ nuclei and oblate-prolate coexistence at $^{68}$Se. The ground state of $^{68}$Se has oblate shape, while the shape of $^{60}$Zn and $^{64}$Ge are prolate. It is shown that the isovector matrix elements between $f_{5/2}$ and $p_{1/2}$ orbits cause the oblate deformation for $^{68}$Se, and four-particle four-hole ($4p-4h$) excitations are important for the oblate configuration.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures, accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. C
Additional file 1 of Prevalence and cumulative incidence of autism spectrum disorders and the patterns of co-occurring neurodevelopmental disorders in a total population sample of 5-year-old children
Creators: name: Saito, Manabu
name: Hirota, Tomoya
name: Sakamoto, Yui
name: Adachi, Masaki
name: Takahashi, Michio
name: Osato-Kaneda, Ayako
name: Kim, Young Shin
name: Leventhal, Bennett
name: Shui, Amy
name: Kato, Sumi
name: Nakamura, Kazuhiko
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1: Supplemental Data 1. The 18-month and 36-month developmental checkups in Japan. Supplemental Data 2. Screening tools. Supplemental Data 3. Screening criteria in the Hirosaki Five-year-old Study. Supplemental Data 4. Detailed demographic information about study participants. Supplemental Data 5. Statistical methods for computing the adjusted prevalence for ASD. Supplemental Data 6a. Trend of 5-year cumulative incidence of ASD from the year 2013 - the year 2016. Supplemental Data 6b. Trend in Cumulative Incidence of ASD from 2013-2016. Supplemental Data 7. The census data reporting the number of children who moved out of Hirosaki city from 2015 – 2019.
Additional file 3 of Staff members’ prioritisation of care in residential aged care facilities: a Q methodology study
Creators: name: Ludlow, Kristiana
name: Churruca, Kate
name: Mumford, Virginia
name: Ellis, Louise A.
name: Braithwaite, Jeffrey
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 3. Visual representation of the factor array for Factor 1.
Additional file 1 of Knowledge and attitudes of physicians toward research ethics and scientific misconduct in Lebanon
Creators: name: Azakir, Bilal
name: Mobarak, Hassan
name: Najjar, Sami Al
name: Azza Abou El Naga
name: Najlaa Mashaal
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases

description: Additional file 1. Questionnaire form.
A multi-scale model for localized and mobile electroluminescence in carbon nanotube field-effect transistors
Creators: name: McGuire, Dylan Lee
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: A multi-scale model of a carbon nanotube (CN) field-effect transistor (FET) has been developed that captures the novel electroluminescence (EL) behaviour observed in experimental devices. First, the electronic properties of the CN are derived from the nearest-neighbour tight-binding approximation. The electrostatics of a coaxially-gated CNFET are then rigorously established. In simulations, the open boundaries of this structure are closed by null-Neumann conditions. Based on an asymptotic analysis, limits of validity for the null-Neumann boundary condition are established, and it is shown that one may improve the accuracy of results by including a length of contact in the simulation domain. Next, charge transport is included in the model to address EL. Transport will be diffusive in the long CN channels (greater than or equal to 10 μm) found in experimental devices, however quantum tunnelling currents will be present through the Schottky-barriers at the interface between the contacts and the CN. A solution to the 1D effective-mass Schrödinger wave equation determines the thermionic emission and tunnelling currents in a region near the CN-contact interface. These currents establish boundary conditions for the 1D drift-diffusion and continuity equations, which describe charge transport in the long channel, where a finite and field-dependent mobility is assumed. The charge and electrostatics are solved self-consistently to obtain carrier density distributions on the CN surface. When both electrons and holes are present in the CN, they are assumed to recombine with an empirically determined rate, resulting in photon emission. Simulations of this system exhibit four experimentally observed EL phenomena. First, a light-spot that is localized to ~ 5 μm may be positioned longitudinally on the CN surface by varying the gate bias, and this mobile light-spot increases in intensity as it approaches the CN-contact interface before decaying. When the height of the Schottky-barrier is reduced, a persistent, fixed-position light-spot appears at a CN-contact interface. Finally, when a charge defect is introduced on the CN surface, a fixed-position light-spot appears under certain bias conditions where the injection of one type of carrier is favoured. These EL effects are predicted by the proposed model without resorting to any further physical explanations.
A deep learning cell classification and sorting platform for single cell high-dimensional morphology characterization
Creators: name: Jacobs, Kevin B
name: Jovic, Andreja
name: Sain, Kiran
name: Mavropoulo, Anastasia
name: Chow, Ryan
name: Zhang, Simo
name: Lee, Esther
name: Phelan, Michael
name: Mei, Jeanette
name: Janifer  Cruz
name:  Chassidy  Johnson
name: Nianzhen  Li
name: Musci, Thomas J.
name: Mahyar  Salek
name: Maddison (Mahdokht)  Masaeli
Publisher: name: F1000 Research Limited
Year: 2021

description: Although cell morphology is often the clinical gold standard for diagnosis and prognosis for many diseases and conditions, cell morphology information relies on low throughput and semi-quantitative approaches, and has seen limited application in combination with comprehensive molecular and functional characterization methods. This dissonance is due to the largely manual and subjective process of collecting morphology information and limitations of cell sorting methods which can damage or perturb cells.

 We present a platform to address these limitations based on a novel microfluidic optical device capable of high-throughput cell imaging and sorting. The hardware is complemented by a machine learning infrastructure capable of real time analysis on cell images to generate high-dimensional morphologic descriptors and classifications, a machine learning assisted human image annotation tool to facilitate model training, a comprehensive atlas of pre-labeled cell images, and a library of pre-trained models for specific biological applications. Our platform yields populations of cells that are label-free, viable, and minimally perturbed, allowing sorted cells to be recovered and further characterized by molecular and functional assays. Additionally, cell images can be used to generate high-dimensional morphological profiles to reveal and explore previously unrecognized heterogeneous cell populations.

 Our platform is able to sort cells to enrich for these morphology-based subpopulations, which can be further characterized to link high-dimensional morphology to molecular profiles for deeper understanding of disease complexity.
Non-Hermitian topology of one-dimensional spin-torque oscillator arrays
Creators: name: Flebus, Benedetta
name: Duine, Rembert A.
name: Hurst, Hilary M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Magnetic systems have been extensively studied both from a fundamental physics perspective and as building blocks for a variety of applications. Their topological properties, in particular those of excitations, remain relatively unexplored due to their inherently dissipative nature. The recent introduction of non-Hermitian topological classifications opens up new opportunities for engineering topological phases in dissipative systems. Here, we propose a magnonic realization of a non-Hermitian topological system. A crucial ingredient of our proposal is the injection of spin current into the magnetic system, which alters and can even change the sign of terms describing dissipation. We show that the magnetic dynamics of an array of spin-torque oscillators can be mapped onto a non-Hermitian Su-Schrieffer-Heeger model exhibiting topologically protected edge states. Using exact diagonalization of the linearized dynamics and numerical solutions of the non-linear equations of motion, we find that a topological magnonic phase can be accessed by tuning the spin current injected into the array. In the topologically nontrivial regime, a single spin-torque oscillator on the edge of the array is driven into auto-oscillation and emits a microwave signal, while the bulk oscillators remain inactive. Our findings have practical utility for memory devices and spintronics neural networks relying on spin-torque oscillators as constituent units.
Trade Policy Implications of Carbon Labels on Food
Creators: name: Baddeley, Shane
name: Cheng, Peter
name: Wolfe, Robert
name: Baddeley, Shane
name: Cheng, Peter
name: Wolfe, Robert
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Financial Economics
subject: Institutional and Behavioral Economics
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: Political Economy
subject: carbon footprint
subject: labels
subject: life cycle analysis
subject: Technical Barriers to Trade
subject: voluntary standards
subject: World Trade Organization

description: Carbon labels providing information about the carbon footprints associated with food products might influence consumer purchases, which would have a differential effect on producers throughout global food chains. We first discuss why any labels work and then describe the mechanics of carbon labels. The novelty of the paper is an examination of the issues members of the WTO have raised about all types of labels since 1995. Although carbon labels are voluntary standards for now, their increasing use could become effectively mandatory. Difficulties for exporters will include the lack of an international standard and the challenge, especially for developing country exporters, of dealing with complex carbon footprint procedures.
Eco-driving Intelligent Systems and Algorithms: A Patent Review
Creators: name: Ma, Zhipeng
name: Jørgensen, Bo Nørregaard
name: Ma, Zheng Grace
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: The transportation industry remains a significant contributor to greenhouse gas emissions, highlighting the requirement for intelligent systems to enhance vehicle energy efficiency. The intellectual property rights of developed systems should be protected by patents. However, there is no patent overview of eco-driving intelligent systems. Unlike a scientific article, a patent documentation indicates both novelty and commercialization potential of an inventor. To address this research gap, this paper provides a patent overview of eco-driving intelligent systems and algorithms. 424 patents in the Google Patent database are analyzed. The patent analysis results show that the top three Cooperative Patent Classifications are: Y02T - climate change mitigation technologies related to transportation (50.7%), B60W - Conjoint control of vehicle subunits of different types or different functions (34.4%) and B60L - Propulsion of electrically-propelled vehicles (20.2%). 219 patents were filed after 2016 when deep learning became popular and can be categorized into five groups: vehicle energy management, smart driving, ecological and sustainable driving, fuel consumption reduction, and driving behavior optimization. Furthermore, all 219 patents involve the physical components of the intelligent system and/or novel machine learning/deep learning algorithms. Moreover, over 70% of them are granted by the China National Intellectual Property Administration.
Multisynchrony in active microfilaments
Creators: name: Man, Yi
name: Kanso, Eva
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Biological microfilaments exhibit a variety of synchronization modes. Recent experiments observed that a pair of isolated eukaryotic flagella, coupled solely via the fluid medium, display synchrony at nontrivial phase-lags in addition to in-phase and anti-phase synchrony. Using an elasto-hydrodynamic filament model in conjunction with numerical simulations and a Floquet-type theoretical analysis, we demonstrate that it is possible to reach multiple synchronization states by varying the intrinsic activity of the filament and the strength of hydrodynamic coupling between the two filaments. We then derive an evolution equation for the phase difference between the two filaments at weak-coupling, and use a Kuramoto-style phase sensitivity analysis to reveal the nature of the bifurcations underlying the transitions between these different synchronized states.
Quantum Noise in Multipixel Image Processing
Creators: name: Treps, Nicolas
name: Delaubert, Vincent
name: Maitre, Agnes
name: Courty, Jean-Michel
name: Fabre, Claude
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the general problem of the quantum noise in a multipixel measurement of an optical image. We first give a precise criterium in order to characterize intrinsic single mode and multimode light. Then, using a transverse mode decomposition, for each type of possible linear combination of the pixels' outputs we give the exact expression of the detection mode, i.e. the mode carrying the noise. We give also the only way to reduce the noise in one or several simultaneous measurements.
description: 8 pages and 1 figure
An Assessment of the Informal Sector Trade in Kenya
Creators: name: Gor, Seth Omondi
name: Gor, Seth Omondi
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Institutional and Behavioral Economics
subject: International Development
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Political Economy
subject: cross-border trade
subject: exports
subject: Horn of Africa
subject: informal
subject: Kenya

description: This study assesses the nature and practice of cross-border trade in Kenya with a view to filling the information gap on its patterns and key characteristics, a gap that has hitherto acted to hinder effective policy formulation. The study relies on information from a number of cross-border monitoring survey initiatives mounted by various institutions over the years. The study finds that informal cross-border trade accounts for more than 40 percent of the GDP and is therefore almost equivalent to formal trade. Efforts should be made to conceive policy suggestions that would optimize both formal and informal trade from the viewpoint of the national economy.
The interpretation of protoplanetary disc wind diagnostic lines from X-ray photoevaporation and analytical MHD models
Creators: name: Weber, Michael L.
name: Ercolano, Barbara
name: Picogna, Giovanni
name: Hartmann, Lee
name: Rodenkirch, Peter J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: High resolution spectra of typical wind diagnostics ([OI] 6300 Å and other forbidden emission lines) can often be decomposed into multiple components: high-velocity components with blueshifts up to several 100 km/s are usually attributed to fast jets, while narrow (NLVC) and broad (BLVC) low-velocity components are believed to trace slower disc winds. Under the assumption that the line-broadening is dominated by Keplerian rotation, several studies have found that the BLVCs should trace gas launched between 0.05 and 0.5 au and correlations between the properties of BLVCs and NLVCs have been interpreted as evidence for the emission tracing an extended MHD wind and not a photoevaporative wind. We calculated synthetic line profiles obtained from detailed photoionisation calculations of an X-ray photoevaporation model and a simple MHD wind model and analyzed the emission regions of different diagnostic lines and the resulting spectral profiles. The photoevaporation model reproduces most of the observed NLVCs but not the BLVCs or HVCs. The MHD model is able to reproduce all components but produces Keplerian double peaks at average inclinations that are rarely observed. The combination of MHD and photoevaporative winds could solve this problem. Our results suggest that the Gaussian decomposition does not allow for a clear distinction of flux from different wind regions and that the line broadening is often dominated by the velocity gradient in the outflow rather than by Keplerian rotation. We show that observed correlations between BLVC and NLVC do not necessarily imply a common origin in an extended MHD wind.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS. 20+3 pages, 14+2 figures
Call graph discovery in binary programs from unknown instruction set architectures
Creators: name: Pettersen, Håvard
name: Morrison, Donn
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This study addresses the challenge of reverse engineering binaries from unknown instruction set architectures, a complex task with potential implications for software maintenance and cyber-security. We focus on the tasks of detecting candidate call and return opcodes for automatic extraction of call graphs in order to simplify the reverse engineering process. Empirical testing on a small dataset of binary files from different architectures demonstrates that the approach can accurately detect specific opcodes under conditions of noisy data. The method lays the groundwork for a valuable tool for reverse engineering where the reverse engineer has minimal a priori knowledge of the underlying instruction set architecture.
Many-Body Effects on Tunneling of Electrons in Magnetic-Field-Induced Quasi One-Dimensional Electron Systems in Semiconductor Nanowhiskers
Creators: name: Kubo, Toshihiro
name: Tokura, Yasuhiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Effects of the electron-electron interaction on tunneling in a semiconductor nanowhisker are studied in a magnetic quantum limit. We consider the system with which bulk and edge states coexist. In bulk states, the temperature dependence of the transmission probability is qualitatively similar to that of a one-dimensional electron system. We investigate contributions of edge states on transmission probability in bulk states. Those contributions can be neglected within our approximation which takes into account only most divergent terms at low temperatures.
description: 9 pages, 6 figures
A constitutive interferon-high immunophenotype defines response to immunotherapy in colorectal cancer
Creators: name: Acha-Sagredo, Amelia
name: Andrei, Pietro
name: Clayton, Kalum
name: Taggart, Emma
name: Antoniotti, Carlotta
name: Woodman, Chloé A
name: Afrache, Hassnae
name: Fourny, Constance
name: Armero, Maria
name: Moinudeen, Hafsa Kaja
name: Green, Mary
name: Bhardwaj, Nisha
name: Mikolajczak, Anna
name: Rodriguez-Lopez, Maria
name: Crawford, Marg
name: Connick, Emma
name: Lim, Steven
name: Hobson, Philip
name: Linares, Josep
name: Ignatova, Ekaterina
name: Pelka, Diana
name: Smyth, Elizabeth C
name: Diamantis, Nikolaos
name: Sosnowska, Dominika
name: Carullo, Martina
name: Ciraci, Paolo
name: Bergamo, Francesca
name: Intini, Rossana
name: Nye, Emma
name: Barral, Patricia
name: Mishto, Michele
name: Arnold, James N
name: Lonardi, Sara
name: Cremolini, Chiara
name: Fontana, Elisa
name: Rodriguez-Justo, Manuel
name: Ciccarelli, Francesca D
Publisher: name: The Francis Crick Institute
Year: 2025
Subjects: classificationCode: Gene Expression
subject: Gene Expression
classificationCode: Tumour Biology
subject: Tumour Biology
classificationCode: Human Biology & Physiology
subject: Human Biology & Physiology
classificationCode: Computational & Systems Biology
subject: Computational & Systems Biology

description: Fewer than 50% of metastatic deficient mismatch repair (dMMR) colorectal cancer (CRC) patients respond to immune checkpoint inhibition (ICI). Identifying and expanding this patient population remains a pressing clinical need. Here, we report that an interferon-high immunophenotype locally enriched in cytotoxic lymphocytes and antigen-presenting macrophages is required for response. This immunophenotype is not exclusive to dMMR CRCs but comprises a subset of MMR proficient (pMMR) CRCs. Single-cell spatial analysis and in vitro cell co-cultures indicate that interferon-producing cytotoxic T cells induce overexpression of antigen presentation in adjacent macrophages and tumor cells, including MHC class II invariant chain CD74. dMMR CRCs expressing high levels of CD74 respond to ICI and a subset of CD74 high pMMR CRC patients show better progression free survival when treated with ICI. Therefore, CD74 abundance can identify the constitutive interferon-high immunophenotype determining clinical benefit in CRC, independently of tumor mutational burden or MMR status.
The Doha Round and Food Security in the Dairy Sector in Cameroon: A Global Simulation Model (GSIM) Approach
Creators: name: Leudjou, Roland R.
name: Leudjou, Roland R.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Financial Economics
subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: Industrial Organization
subject: Institutional and Behavioral Economics
subject: International Development
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Political Economy
subject: consumer welfare
subject: dairy products
subject: domestic consumer prices
subject: global simulation model (GSIM)
subject: multilateral tariff reduction

description: In the framework of the new round of trade liberalization launched in Doha, paragraph 13 of the Development Declaration states that members will support special and differential treatment to accommodate development, including food security. This article simulates scenarios of multilateral tariff reduction from the WTO December 2008 draft modalities on agriculture for the Cameroon dairy sector. Using the Global Simulation Model, the analysis shows a substantial increase in world and domestic consumer prices, as the reduction of bound tariffs does not affect the applied tariffs given the high "binding overhang". As a consequence, consumers' welfare decreases.
title: Attestation pour le patient no 114
Creators: name: Leibowitch, Jacques (1942-2020)
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2020

description: Lettre de Jacques Leibowitch résumant l'histoire du traitement anti-vih du patient, ayant pour but, une fois signée et approuvée, de servir d'attestation de leur consentement à emprunter une voie médicamenteuse non validée (allégée).
Additional file 1 of Staff members’ prioritisation of care in residential aged care facilities: a Q methodology study
Creators: name: Ludlow, Kristiana
name: Churruca, Kate
name: Mumford, Virginia
name: Ellis, Louise A.
name: Braithwaite, Jeffrey
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1. Demographic questionnaire and semi-structured interview guide.
Adaptive scanning - a proposal how to scan theoretical predictions over a multi-dimensional parameter space efficiently
Creators: name: Brein, Oliver
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A method is presented to exploit adaptive integration algorithms using importance sampling, like VEGAS, for the task of scanning theoretical predictions depending on a multi-dimensional parameter space. Usually, a parameter scan is performed with emphasis on certain features of a theoretical prediction. Adaptive integration algorithms are well-suited to perform this task very efficiently. Predictions which depend on parameter spaces with many dimensions call for such an adaptive scanning algorithm.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures
Nonsingular black holes and nonsingular universes in the regularized Lovelock gravity
Creators: name: Gao, Changjun
name: Yu, Shuang
name: Qiu, Jianhui
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is found that, when the coupling constants $α_p$ in the theory of regularized Lovelock gravity are properly chosen and the number of Lovelock tensors $p\rightarrow \infty$, there exist a fairly large number of nonsingular (singularity free) black holes and nonsingular universes. Some nonsingular black holes have numerous horizons and numerous energy levels (a bit like atom) inside the outer event horizon. On the other hand, some nonsingular universes start and end in two de Sitter phases. The ratio of energy densities for the two phases are $120$ orders. It is thus helpful to understand the cosmological constant problem.
description: 22 pages, 12 figures, 8 tables
Strategy for sensing petal mode in presence of AO residual turbulence with pyramid wavefront sensor
Creators: name: Levraud, Nicolas
name: Chambouleyron, Vincent
name: Sauvage, Jean François
name: Neichel, Benoit
name: Cisse, Mahawa
name: Fauvarque, Olivier
name: Agapito, Guido
name: Plantet, Cédric
name: Cheffot, Anne Laure
name: Pinna, Enrico
name: Esposito2, Simone
name: Fusco, Thierry
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: With the Extremely Large Telescope-generation telescopes come new challenges. The complexity of these telescopes' pupil creates new problems for Adaptive Optics. In particular, the large spiders necessary to support the massive optics of these telescopes create discontinuities in the wavefront measurement. These discontinuities appear as a new phase error dubbed the `petal mode'. This error is described as a differential piston between the fragment of the pupil separated by the spiders and is responsible for reducing the European Extremely Large Telescope's (ELT) resolution to a 15m telescope resolution. The aim of this paper is to study the measurement of the petal mode by adaptive optics sensors. We want to understand why the Pyramid Wavefront Sensor (PyWFS) cannot measure this petal mode under normal conditions and how to allow this measurement by adapting the Adaptive optics control scheme and the PyWFS. To facilitate our study, we consider a simplified version of the petal mode, featuring a simpler pupil than the ELT. We studied specifically how a system that separates the atmospheric turbulence from the petal measurement would behave. The unmodulated PyWFS (uPyWFS) but the uPyWFS does not make accurate measurements in the presence of atmospheric residuals. Studying the petal mode's power spectral density, we propose a filtering step, consisting of a pinhole around the pyramid tip. This reduces the first path residuals seen by the uPyWFS and restores its accuracy. Finally, we demonstrate our proposed system with end-to-end simulations.To address the petal problem, a two-path adaptive optics with a sensor dedicated to the measurement of the petal mode seems necessary. Through this paper, we demonstrate that an uPyWFS can confuse the petal mode with the residuals from the first path. However, adding a spatial filter on top of said uPyWFS makes it a good petalometer candidate.
description: 18 pages, 15 figures, Accepted in Astronomy and Astrophysics
NGC 5385, NGC 2664 and Collinder 21: three candidate Open Cluster Remnants
Creators: name: Villanova, Sandro
name: Carraro, Giovanni
name: Marcos, Raul de la Fuente
name: Stagni, Ruggero
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present CCD UBVI photometric and medium/high resolution spectroscopic observations obtained in the field of the previously unstudied dissolving open cluster candidates NGC 5385, NGC 2664 and Collinder~21. Our analysis stands on the discussion of star counts, photometry, radial velocity distribution, and proper motions available from the Tycho~2 catalogue. All the three aggregates clearly emerge from the mean Galactic field, but, regrettably, the close scrutiny of proper motions and radial velocities reveals that we are not facing any physical group. Instead, what we are looking at are just chance alignments of a few bright unrelated stars. Our analysis casts some doubt on the Bica et al. (2001) criterion to look for Possible Open Cluster Remnants. It seems mandatory to define a better criterion to adopt for further investigations.
description: 12 pages, 12 eps figures (7, 9 and 11 degraded in resolution), accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysics
Universality of Calogero-Moser model
Creators: name: Olshanetsky, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this review we explain interrelations between the Elliptic Calogero-Moser model, integrable Elliptic Euler-Arnold top, monodromy preserving equations and the Knizhnik-Zamolodchikov-Bernard equation on a torus.
description: 11 pages, Latex, Contribution in the Journ. of Nonlin. Math. Physics volume dedicated to 70-th birhday of F.Calogero
Additional file 2 of Factors influencing women’s access to the maternity waiting home in rural Southwest Ethiopia: a qualitative exploration
Creators: name: Kebede, Kindie Mitiku
name: Kebadnew Mulatu Mihrete
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Additional file 2. Checklist to assess the availability of infrastructure and basic facilities at selected MWHs.
Supplementary data: 17α-hydroxylase/17,20-lyase deficiency in 46, XY: our experience and review of literature
Creators: name: Maheshwari, Madhur
name: Barnabas, Rohit
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 110306 Endocrinology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Supplemental Data: 17α-hydroxylase/17,20-lyase deficiency in 46, XY: our experience and review of literature
Deciding separability with a fixed error
Creators: name: Perez-Garcia, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We give a short proof of the cross norm characterization of separability due to O. Rudolph and show how its computation, for a fixed chosen error, can be reduced to a linear programming problem whose dimension grows polynomially with the inverse of the error.
description: 7 pages. To appear in Phys. Lett. A
Geo-locating Road Objects using Inverse Haversine Formula with NVIDIA Driveworks
Creators: name: Shami, Mamoona Birkhez
name: Kiss, Gabriel
name: Haakonsen, Trond Arve
name: Lindseth, Frank
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Geolocation is integral to the seamless functioning of autonomous vehicles and advanced traffic monitoring infrastructures. This paper introduces a methodology to geolocate road objects using a monocular camera, leveraging the NVIDIA DriveWorks platform. We use the Centimeter Positioning Service (CPOS) and the inverse Haversine formula to geo-locate road objects accurately. The real-time algorithm processing capability of the NVIDIA DriveWorks platform enables instantaneous object recognition and spatial localization for Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS) and autonomous driving platforms. We present a measurement pipeline suitable for autonomous driving (AD) platforms and provide detailed guidelines for calibrating cameras using NVIDIA DriveWorks. Experiments were carried out to validate the accuracy of the proposed method for geolocating targets in both controlled and dynamic settings. We show that our approach can locate targets with less than 1m error when the AD platform is stationary and less than 4m error at higher speeds (i.e. up to 60km/h) within a 15m radius.