cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
New Approaches Towards Online, Distributed, and Robust Learning of Statistical Properties of Data
Creators: name: Yao, Tong
Publisher: name: Purdue University Graduate School
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 460605
subject: Distributed systems and algorithms
classificationCode: 400705
subject: Control engineering
classificationCode: 400607
subject: Signal processing

description: In this thesis, we present algorithms to allow agents to estimate certain properties in a robust, online, and distributed manner. Each agent receives a sequence of observations, and through communication, collectively infers properties of the data gathered by all agents by communicating.
 In the first part of the thesis, we provide algorithms to infer the correlations between interacting entities from these large datasets. Gaussian graphical models have been well studied to represent the relationships between the various random variables which generate data, and numerous algorithms have been proposed to learn the dependencies in such models. However, existing algorithms typically process data in a batch at a central location, limiting their applications in scenarios where data arrive in real-time and are gathered by different agents.
 To address these challenges, first, we propose an online sparse inverse covariance algorithm to infer the static network structure (i.e., dependencies between nodes) in real-time from time-series data, in a centralized location. Subsequently, we propose a distributed algorithm to cooperatively learn the network structure in real-time from data collected by distributed agents. We characterize the theoretical convergence properties and provide simulations using synthetic datasets and real-world hurricane Twitter datasets in disaster management applications.
 The second part of this thesis addresses the robustness of online and distributed learning under arbitrary data corruption. We propose online and distributed algorithms for robust mean, covariance, and sparse inverse covariance estimation. These algorithms are capable of operating effectively even in the presence of adversarial data attacks. We provide theoretical bounds on the error and rate of convergence of these methods and evaluate their performance under various settings.
 Finally, we consider the problem of classification with a network of heterogeneous and partially informative agents, each receiving local data from an underlying true class, and equipped with a classifier that only distinguishes between a subset of the entire set of classes. We propose an iterative algorithm that uses the posterior probabilities of any classifier and recursively updates each agent's local belief based on its local signals and belief information from its neighbors. We then adopt a novel distributed min-rule to update each agent’s global belief and enable learning of the true class for all agents. We analyze the convergence properties of our proposed algorithm, and subsequently, demonstrate and compare its performance with local averaging and global average consensus through simulations and with a visual image dataset.
Mean dimension of Bernstein spaces and universal real flows
Creators: name: Jin, Lei
name: Qiao, Yixiao
name: Tu, Siming
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We study the action of translation on the spaces of uniformly bounded continuous functions on the real line which are uniformly band-limited in a compact interval. We prove that two intervals themselves will decide if two spaces are topologically conjugate, while the length of an interval tells the mean dimension of a space. We also investigate universal real flows. We construct a sequence of compact invariant subsets of a space consisting of uniformly bounded smooth one-Lipschitz functions on the real line, which have mean dimension equal to one, such that all real flows can be equivariantly embedded in the translation on their product space. Moreover, we show that the countable self-product of any among them does not satisfy such a universal property. This, on the one hand, presents a more reasonable choice of a universal real flow with a view towards mean dimension, and on the other hand, clarifies a seemingly plausible impression; meanwhile, it refines the previously known results in this direction. Our proof goes through an approach of harmonic analysis. Furthermore, both the universal space that we provide and an embedding mapping which we build for any real flow are explicit.
Identification of the Semangko Fault in Sumatra, Indonesia,based on gradient gravity data analysis
Creators: name: Muh Sarkowi
name: Mulyasari, Rahmi
name: I Gede Boy Darmawan
name: Rahmat Catur Wibowo
Publisher: name: Research and Development Office, Prince of Songkla University
Year: 2022
Subjects: gravity gradient
hazard mitigation
Lampung
Semangko Fault

description: Songklanakarin Journal of Science an Technology (SJST), 44, 6, 1503-1509
Understanding Hydrophobic Effects: Insights from Water Density Fluctuations
Creators: name: Rego, Nicholas B.
name: Patel, Amish J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The aversion of hydrophobic solutes for water drives diverse interactions and assemblies across materials science, biology and beyond. % Here, we review the theoretical, computational and experimental developments which underpin a contemporary understanding of hydrophobic effects. % We discuss how an understanding of density fluctuations in bulk water can shed light on the fundamental differences in the hydration of molecular and macroscopic solutes; these differences, in turn, explain why hydrophobic interactions become stronger upon increasing temperature. We also illustrate the sensitive dependence of surface hydrophobicity on the chemical and topographical patterns the surface displays, which makes the use approximate approaches for estimating hydrophobicity particularly challenging. Importantly, the hydrophobicity of complex surfaces, such as those of proteins, which display nanoscale heterogeneity, can nevertheless be characterized using interfacial water density fluctuations; such a characterization also informs protein regions that mediate their interactions. Finally, we build upon an understanding of hydrophobic hydration and the ability to characterize hydrophobicity to inform the context-dependent thermodynamic forces that drive hydrophobic interactions and the desolvation barriers that impede them.
description: 19 pages, 5 figures, Annual Reviews in Condensed Matter Physics
Climate change and water environment: Impacts on Bangladeshand highlights of policy gap
Creators: name: Shamsunnahar Setu
name: H.M. Shahnewaz Khan
Publisher: name: Research and Development Office, Prince of Songkla University
Year: 2022
Subjects: climate change
water environment
water borne disease
natural disaster
policy enforcement

description: Songklanakarin Journal of Science an Technology (SJST), 44, 6, 1510-1516
O processo do amparador na conscienciologia usando: Método Monte Carlo para trabalhar a Parafisiologia em uma pessoa nível financeiro Classe Alta de nível evolutivo Miniconsciência
Creators: name: Brandl, Edenilson
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: amparador
conscienciologia
Método Monte Carlo
Parafisiologia

description: No processo do amparador na conscienciologia, o Método Monte Carlo, uma técnica estatística, pode ser aplicado para trabalhar a parafisiologia em indivíduos de classe alta com nível evolutivo de miniconsciência.
Ultimate bunch length and emittance performance of an MeV ultrafast electron diffraction apparatus with a DC gun and a multi-cavity SRF linac
Creators: name: Bartnik, Adam
name: Gulliford, Colwyn
name: Hoffstaetter, Georg H.
name: Maxson, Jared
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the design of a high repetition rate MeV energy ultrafast electron diffraction instrument based on a DC photoelectron gun and an SRF linac with multiple independently controlled accelerating and bunching cavities. The design is based on the existing Cornell photoinjector, which can readily be applied to the presented findings. Using particle tracking simulations in conjunction with multiobjective genetic algorithm optimization, we explore the smallest bunch lengths, emittance, and probe spot sizes achievable. We present results for both stroboscopic conditions (with single electrons per pulse) and with $10^5$ electrons/bunch which may be suitable for single-shot diffraction images. In the stroboscopic case, the flexibility provided by the many-cavity bunching and acceleration allows for longitudinal phase space linearization without a higher harmonic field, providing sub-fs bunch lengths at the sample. Given low emittance photoemission conditions, these small bunch lengths can be maintained with probe transverse sizes at the single micron scale and below. In the case of $10^5$ electrons per pulse, we simulate state-of the art 5D brightness conditions: rms bunch lengths of 10 fs with 3 nm normalized emittances, while now permitting repetition rates as high as 1.3 GHz. Finally, to aid in the design of new SRF-based UED machines, we simulate the trade-off between the number of cavities used and achievable bunch length and emittance.
Chimeric MrNV-GE11-VLPs serve as a nano-containerto deliver Doxorubicin into cancer cells
Creators: name: Khwanthana Grataitong
name: Charoonroj Chotwiwatthanakun
name: Orawan Thongsum
name: Krittalak Chakrabandhu
name: Wattana Weerachatyanukul
Publisher: name: Research and Development Office, Prince of Songkla University
Year: 2022
Subjects: MrNV
VLP
colorectal cancer
EGFR
doxorubicin

description: Songklanakarin Journal of Science an Technology (SJST), 44, 6, 1517-1523
Die like a man! The role of masculinity in middle aged male suicide
Creators: name: Holmes, Steven J.
Publisher: name: University of Leicester
Year: 2022
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: In 2015, male suicide was reported at its highest rate for the previous 14 years, with more men in the 45-59 age range killing themselves since 1981. Of all suicides in 2013, 78% of them were men. Nearly four times as many men as women were killing themselves and this report further indicated that most, for the first time, were now doing it in middle age. In speaking to those men within the specified age group who have seriously considered suicide or survived a suicide attempt, this study examines the extent to which conceptions of masculinity influence suicidal behaviour in middle aged men. It looks at how personal notions of what it is to be a man affect one’s capacity for emotional expression and whether this conception influences a decision to seriously consider ending their own lives. Data was collected through ethnographic fieldwork and unstructured interviews. The fieldwork sought to contextualise ideas of masculinity and masculine behaviour within an interactive setting, this being a local men’s Shed Group. From here I examined how emotional expression was made manifest between these men. The interviews were designed to allow for the men to speak in their own voice, recounting their thoughts and feelings surrounding their considerations of suicide. This study aims to add to a currently limited body of research that qualitatively addresses the relationship between men’s emotional lives and suicidal behaviour. This approach responds, I feel, to a number of requests in recent years to a better understanding of how the role of masculinity, as understood both individually and by society, impacts upon men’s emotional experiences and the means by which they seek, or fail, to express them.
A novel synthesis of stabilized molecularly imprinted polymer forelectropolymerization to detect bismethoxycurcumin from curcuminoid
Creators: name: Meyliana Wulandari
name: Nofrizal Nofrizal
name: Sulaiman, Syed Azhar Syed
Publisher: name: Research and Development Office, Prince of Songkla University
Year: 2022
Subjects: bisdemethoxycurcumin
electrosynthesis
functional monomer
molecularly imprinted polymer
quartz crystal microbalance

description: Songklanakarin Journal of Science an Technology (SJST), 44, 6, 1524-1531
Bulk-Fermi-Arc Transition Induced Large Photogalvanic Effect in Weyl Semimetals
Creators: name: Cao, Jin
name: Wang, Maoyuan
name: Yu, Zhi-Ming
name: Yao, Yugui
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The surface Fermi arc, as a hallmark of Weyl semimetals (WSMs), has been well known in current research, but it remains a challenge to unveil novel phenomena associated with the Fermi arc. Here, we predict a heretofore unrecognized process in WSMs, namely, the photoinduced transition between the bulk states and the Fermi arc. We find this process is significant and can lead to a large effective three-dimensional shift current on the boundaries with the Fermi arc in wide terahertz range. Moreover, due to the low symmetry of the boundaries, the surface photogalvanic effect predicted here can appear in a large class of WSMs that do not have bulk shift current. Hence, our work not only unveils a hidden photogalvanic effect in WSMs but also suggests that all the WSMs are promising material candidates for developing efficient terahertz photodetectors.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures
Global disease monitoring and forecasting with Wikipedia
Creators: name: Generous, Nicholas
name: Fairchild, Geoffrey
name: Deshpande, Alina
name: Del Valle, Sara Y.
name: Priedhorsky, Reid
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: H.5.3; H.3.5; J.3

description: Infectious disease is a leading threat to public health, economic stability, and other key social structures. Efforts to mitigate these impacts depend on accurate and timely monitoring to measure the risk and progress of disease. Traditional, biologically-focused monitoring techniques are accurate but costly and slow; in response, new techniques based on social internet data such as social media and search queries are emerging. These efforts are promising, but important challenges in the areas of scientific peer review, breadth of diseases and countries, and forecasting hamper their operational usefulness. We examine a freely available, open data source for this use: access logs from the online encyclopedia Wikipedia. Using linear models, language as a proxy for location, and a systematic yet simple article selection procedure, we tested 14 location-disease combinations and demonstrate that these data feasibly support an approach that overcomes these challenges. Specifically, our proof-of-concept yields models with $r^2$ up to 0.92, forecasting value up to the 28 days tested, and several pairs of models similar enough to suggest that transferring models from one location to another without re-training is feasible. Based on these preliminary results, we close with a research agenda designed to overcome these challenges and produce a disease monitoring and forecasting system that is significantly more effective, robust, and globally comprehensive than the current state of the art.
description: 27 pages; 4 figures; 4 tables. Version 2: Cite McIver & Brownstein and adjust novelty claims accordingly; revise title; various revisions for clarity
The impact of centralized electronic bidding system on procurementprices for generic medicines: A case study from Thailand
Creators: name: Amarawan Pentrakan
name: Jiun-Yi Wang
name: Wing-Keung Wong
Publisher: name: Research and Development Office, Prince of Songkla University
Year: 2022
Subjects: pharmaceutical procurement
e-bidding
drug prices
generic medicines

description: Songklanakarin Journal of Science an Technology (SJST), 44, 6, 1532-1538
Multi-Natural Inflation in Supergravity
Creators: name: Czerny, Michael
name: Higaki, Tetsutaro
name: Takahashi, Fuminobu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that the recently proposed multi-natural inflation can be realized within the framework of 4D ${\cal N}=1$ supergravity. The inflaton potential mainly consists of two sinusoidal potentials that are comparable in size, but have different periodicity with a possible non-zero relative phase. For a sub-Planckian decay constant, the multi-natural inflation model is reduced to axion hilltop inflation. We show that, taking into account the effect of the relative phase, the spectral index can be increased to give a better fit to the Planck results, with respect to the hilltop quartic inflation. We also consider a possible UV completion based on a string-inspired model. Interestingly, the Hubble parameter during inflation is necessarily smaller than the gravitino mass, avoiding possible moduli destabilization. Reheating processes as well as non-thermal leptogenesis are also discussed.
description: 31 pages, 6 figures. v2: version published in JHEP, references added, title changed
Inseparability criteria based on bipartitions of $N$-spin systems
Creators: name: Biswas, Asoka
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a new set of inseparabilty inequalities to detect entanglement in $N$-spin states. These are based on negative partial transposition and involve collective spin-spin correlations of any two partitions of the entire system. They also reveal the rich texture of partial separability for different partition and can discriminate between GHZ-type and W-type entanglement, as well. We introduce a new concept of relative entanglement of two different systems and two different partitions in a spin-ensemble. These criteria can be applicable to non-symmetric states and states with odd or even $N$.
description: 4 pages, 1 figure
Variations in agromorphological characteristics of IPGRI Cowpea(Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.) accessions
Creators: name: Ekemini Obok
name: Macauley Ittah
name: Isong Ekurisong
name: Nwagwu, Francis
Publisher: name: Research and Development Office, Prince of Songkla University
Year: 2022
Subjects: cowpea
genotypic correlation
multivariate analysis
phenotypic correlation
principal component analysis

description: Songklanakarin Journal of Science an Technology (SJST), 44, 6, 1539-1548
Examining the Effects, Feasibility, and Acceptability of a Multilevel Asychronous Training Model in Trial-Based Functional Analysis For Service Providers
Creators: name: David, Marie
Publisher: name: Purdue University Graduate School
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 390411
subject: Special education and disability

description: The rising prevalence of developmental disabilities has created an increased demand for service providers capable of delivering behavior-analytic services with high fidelity. As the need for these services continues to grow, ensuring that service providers have easy access to the essential training for delivering high-quality services becomes paramount. This dissertation aimed to evaluate the effectiveness and acceptability of asynchronous training methods in developing service providers' skills to effectively implement trial-based functional analysis (TBFA).
 In Study 1, four board-certified behavior analysts (BCBA) were trained using an asynchronous model, which included remote behavior skills training and self-monitoring. Three BCBAs achieved mastery criteria for all TBFA conditions, while one BCBA required additional support through self-monitoring to meet the criteria for the escape condition. While the BCBAs showed improved accuracy in implementing TBFA, they faced challenges in fully generalizing their skills to actual clients, indicating the need for planned support to enhance skill generalization. In Study 2, four BCBA trainees were trained using the same asynchronous model, but with increased mastery criteria and planned supports available during the generalization phase. The findings showed that all BCBA trainees met the mastery criteria when using TBFA with video-annotated feedback, and the inclusion of planned supports during the generalization phase resulted in consistent implementation with 100% fidelity across all TBFA conditions, highlighting the importance of such supports for skill generalization.
 Overall, the dissertation suggests that asynchronous training methods hold promise for training service providers, but the availability of planned supports is essential for effective skill generalization. The study's major findings and implications for practice are discussed, along with directions for future research.
Semi-supervised learning for joint SAR and multispectral land cover classification
Creators: name: Montanaro, Antonio
name: Valsesia, Diego
name: Fracastoro, Giulia
name: Magli, Enrico
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Semi-supervised learning techniques are gaining popularity due to their capability of building models that are effective, even when scarce amounts of labeled data are available. In this paper, we present a framework and specific tasks for self-supervised pretraining of \textit{multichannel} models, such as the fusion of multispectral and synthetic aperture radar images. We show that the proposed self-supervised approach is highly effective at learning features that correlate with the labels for land cover classification. This is enabled by an explicit design of pretraining tasks which promotes bridging the gaps between sensing modalities and exploiting the spectral characteristics of the input. In a semi-supervised setting, when limited labels are available, using the proposed self-supervised pretraining, followed by supervised finetuning for land cover classification with SAR and multispectral data, outperforms conventional approaches such as purely supervised learning, initialization from training on ImageNet and other recent self-supervised approaches.
description: IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters
The circumstellar medium around five LBV stars through the light of NIKA2 and the Virtual Observatory
Creators: name: Rizzo, J. R.
name: Bordiu, C.
name: López-Martí, B.
name: Jiménez-Esteban, F. M.
name: Martín-López, R.
name: Ritacco, A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Radio astronomy
Circumstellar medium
Star evolution
Massive stars
Virtual Observatory

description: Luminous Blue Variable (LBV) stars are post-main sequence massive objects in a very fast ($10^4\,a$) transitional stage characterized by dense winds and impressive mass eruptions, as they are close to the Eddington limit. The combination of these factors profoundly affect the star surroundings, creating ionized and dusty nebulae, some times surrounded by molecular gas. LBVs are great infrared emitters due to their high luminosity and the high extinction caused by their circumstellar material and large distances. They have also been detected at cm-wavelengths, dominated by non-thermal emission. The mm/submm regime, however, has not been much investigated. NIKA2 is a highly sensitive continuum camera installed at the IRAM 30m radio telescope near Pico Veleta, Granada. The camera can provide images at 150 and 260 GHz (2 and 1.15 mm of wavelength, approximately), with a field of view of up to 6.5 arcmin, in a single snapshot. The operational frequencies of NIKA2 are of great interest in the study of LBVs because it is a range where both thermal and non-thermal process compete in their contribution to the SEDs. In this work we present the results achieved towards a sample of five galactic LBVs obtained using NIKA2 and a set of information gathered using Virtual Observatory tools and archives. Using NIKA2 data, we detected emission from the stars themselves, in their close surroundings, and also outside the IR nebulae. All these components depict very different spectral indexes, pinpointing that diverse mechanisms coexist, such as free-free gas emission, thermal dust and synchrotron radiation. We complemented these findings by building the SEDs of the LBV stars, where the contribution from the extended photosphere is clearly separated from warm black (grey) body emission, and non-thermal flux in some cases.
High Resolution Microimaging with Pulsed Electrically-Detected Magnetic Resonance
Creators: name: Katz, Itai
name: Fehr, Matthias
name: Schnegg, Alexander
name: Lips, Klaus
name: Blank, Aharon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The investigation of paramagnetic species (such as point defects, dopants, and impurities) in solid-state electronic devices is significant because of their effect on device performance. Conventionally, these species are detected and imaged using the electron spin resonance (ESR) technique. In many instances, ESR is not sensitive enough to deal with miniature devices having small numbers of paramagnetic species and high spatial heterogeneity. This limitation can in principle be overcome by employing a more sensitive method called electrically-detected magnetic resonance, which is based on measuring the effect of paramagnetic species on the electric current of the device while inducing electron spin-flip transitions. However, up until now, measurement of the current of the device could not reveal the spatial heterogeneity of its paramagnetic species. We provide here, for the first time, high resolution microimages of paramagnetic species in operating solar cells obtained through electrically-detected magnetic resonance. The method is based on unique microwave pulse sequences for excitation and detection of the electrical signal under a static magnetic field and powerful pulsed magnetic field gradients that spatially encode the electrical current of the sample. The approach developed here can be widely used in the nondestructive three-dimensional inspection and characterization of paramagnetic species in a variety of electronic devices.
description: 19 pages, 4 figures +SI
A multiple time renewal equation for neural assemblies with elapsed time model
Creators: name: Torres, Nicolás
name: Perthame, Benoît
name: Salort, Delphine
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: We introduce and study an extension of the classical elapsed time equation in the context of neuron populations that are described by the elapsed time since the last discharge, i.e., the refractory period. In this extension we incorporate the elapsed since the penultimate discharge and we obtain a more complex system of integro-differential equations. For this new system we prove convergence to stationary state by means of Doeblin's theory in the case of weak non-linearities in an appropriate functional setting, inspired by the case of the classical elapsed time equation. Moreover, we present some numerical simulations to observe how different firing rates can give different types of behaviors and to contrast them with theoretical results of both classical and extended models.
High order quark number susceptibilities in hot QCD from lattice EQCD
Creators: name: Rummukainen, Kari
name: Schlusser, Niels
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Building on the experience of [1], we develop a formalism to construct operators for higher derivatives of the pressure in hot QCD with respect to the quark chemical potential $μ$. We provide formulae for the operators up to the sixth derivative, and obtain continuum-extrapolated results from lattice EQCD at zero and finite $μ$ and at six different pairs of temperature T and number of massless quark flavors $n_f$. Our data is benchmarked against full-QCD lattice and perturbative results, allowing to judge the quality of the perturbative series expansion in EQCD and the dimensional reduction procedure as a whole.
description: HIP-2021-28/TH
Well Posedness of Operator Valued Backward Stochastic Riccati Equations in Infinite Dimensional Spaces
Creators: name: Guatteri, Giuseppina
name: Tessitore, Gianmario
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We prove existence and uniqueness of the mild solution of an infinite dimensional, operator valued, backward stochastic Riccati equation. We exploit the regularizing properties of the semigroup generated by the unbounded operator involved in the equation. Then the results will be applied to characterize the value function and optimal feedback law for a infinite dimensional, linear quadratic control problem with stochastic coefficients.
Detecting extrasolar moons akin to solar system satellites with an orbital sampling effect
Creators: name: Heller, René
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Despite years of high accuracy observations, none of the available theoretical techniques has yet allowed the confirmation of a moon beyond the solar system. Methods are currently limited to masses about an order of magnitude higher than the mass of any moon in the solar system. I here present a new method sensitive to exomoons similar to the known moons. Due to the projection of transiting exomoon orbits onto the celestial plane, satellites appear more often at larger separations from their planet. After about a dozen randomly sampled observations, a photometric orbital sampling effect (OSE) starts to appear in the phase-folded transit light curve, indicative of the moons' radii and planetary distances. Two additional outcomes of the OSE emerge in the planet's transit timing variations (TTV-OSE) and transit duration variations (TDV-OSE), both of which permit measurements of a moon's mass. The OSE is the first effect that permits characterization of multi-satellite systems. I derive and apply analytical OSE descriptions to simulated transit observations of the Kepler space telescope assuming white noise only. Moons as small as Ganymede may be detectable in the available data, with M stars being their most promising hosts. Exomoons with the 10-fold mass of Ganymede and a similar composition (about 0.86 Earth radii in radius) can most likely be found in the available Kepler data of K stars, including moons in the stellar habitable zone. A future survey with Kepler-class photometry, such as Plato 2.0, and a permanent monitoring of a single field of view over 5 years or more will very likely discover extrasolar moons via their OSEs.
description: 17 pages, 12 figures (1 colored)
Multi-Channel Luttinger Liquids at the Edge of Quantum Hall Systems
Creators: name: Mastropietro, Vieri
name: Porta, Marcello
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the edge transport properties of a generic class of interacting quantum Hall systems on a cylinder, in the infinite volume and zero temperature limit. We prove that the large-scale behavior of the edge correlation functions is effectively described by the multi-channel Luttinger model. In particular, we prove that the edge conductance is universal, and equal to the sum of the chiralities of the non-interacting edge modes. The proof is based on rigorous renormalization group methods, that allow to fully take into account the effect of backscattering at the edge. Universality arises as a consequence of the integrability of the emergent multi-channel Luttinger liquid combined with lattice Ward identities for the microscopic $2d$ theory.
description: Extended introduction, minor corrections. 77 pages
Concretionary cementation of a Scottish Middle Jurassic sandstone by hot, Paleocene fluids: a clumped isotope study
Creators: name: Paxton, R. B.
name: Andrews, J. E.
name: Dennis, P. F.
name: Marca, A. D.
name: Holmden, C.
Publisher: name: Geological Society of London
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Geology
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences

description: Clumped isotope data correction and uncertainties, and additional figures.
Quantum Complexity as Hydrodynamics
Creators: name: Basteiro, Pablo
name: Erdmenger, Johanna
name: Fries, Pascal
name: Goth, Florian
name: Matthaiakakis, Ioannis
name: Meyer, René
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: As a new step towards defining complexity for quantum field theories, we map Nielsen operator complexity for $SU(N)$ gates to two-dimensional hydrodynamics. We develop a tractable large $N$ limit that leads to regular geometries on the manifold of unitaries as $N$ is taken to infinity. To achieve this, we introduce a basis of non-commutative plane waves for the $\mathfrak{su}(N)$ algebra and define a metric with polynomial penalty factors. Through the Euler-Arnold approach we identify incompressible inviscid hydrodynamics on the two-torus as a novel effective theory of large-qudit operator complexity. For large $N$, our cost function captures two essential properties of holographic complexity measures: ergodicity and conjugate points.
description: 17 pages, 4 figures, v2 corrected results on sectional curvatures, further details about large N decoupling limit added
Acausality from a Dark Sector
Creators: name: Carone, Christopher D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Solutions to the hierarchy problem that require partners for each standard model particle often require that these states live at or above the electroweak scale, to satisfy phenomenological bounds. Partners to possible dark sector particles may be significantly lighter, due to the assumed weakness of the couplings between the dark and visible sectors. Here we consider the possibility that a dark sector might include light Lee-Wick particles. We present the formulation of a theory in which a dark photon and its Lee-Wick partner have kinetic mixing with hypercharge. We point out that the Lee-Wick partner of the dark photon will lead to an apparent violation of causality at small distance scales that might be discerned in low-energy experiments.
description: 14 pages LaTeX, 2 eps figures. v2: reference added, minor revisions
Molecular modelling of SdiA protein by selected flavonoid and terpenes compounds to attenuate virulence in Klebsiella pneumoniae
Creators: name: Adeosun, Idowu Jesulayomi
name: Baloyi, Itumeleng
name: Aljoundi, Aimen K.
name: Salifu, Elliasu Y.
name: Ibrahim, Mohammed Auwal
name: Cosa, Sekelwa
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Klebsiella pneumoniae is one of the perturbing multidrug resistant (MDR) and ESKAPE pathogens contributing to the mounting morbidity, mortality and extended rate of hospitalization. Its virulence, often regulated by quorum sensing (QS) reinforces the need to explore alternative and prospective antivirulence agents, relatively from plants secondary metabolites. Computer aided drug discovery using molecular modelling techniques offers advantage to investigate prospective drugs to combat MDR pathogens. Thus, this study employed virtual screening of selected terpenes and flavonoids from medicinal plants to interrupt the QS associated SdiA protein in K. pneumoniae to attenuate its virulence. 4LFU was used as a template to model the structure of SdiA. ProCheck, Verify3D, Ramachandran plot scores, and ProSA-Web all attested to the model’s good quality. Since SdiA protein in K. pneumoniae leads to the expression of virulence, 31 prospective bioactive compounds were docked for antagonistic potential. The stability of the protein-ligand complex, atomic motions and inter-atomic interactions were further investigated through molecular dynamics simulations (MDS) at 100 ns production runs. The binding free energy was estimated using the molecular mechanics/poisson-boltzmann surface area (MM/PB-SA). Furthermore, the drug-likeness properties of the studied compounds were validated. Docking studies showed phytol possesses the highest binding affinity (−9.205 kcal/mol) while glycitein had −9.752 kcal/mol highest docking score. The MDS of the protein in complex with the best-docked compounds revealed phytol with the highest binding energy of −44.2625 kcal/mol, a low root-mean-square deviation (RMSD) value of 1.54 Å and root-mean-square fluctuation (RMSF) score of 1.78 Å. Analysis of the drug-likeness properties prediction and bioavailability of these compounds revealed their conformed activity to lipinski’s rules with bioavailability scores of 0.55 F. The studied terpenes and flavonoids compounds effectively thwart SdiA protein, therefore regulate inter- or intra cellular communication and associated in virulence Enterobacteriaceae, serving as prospective antivirulence drugs. Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma
Fusformer: A Transformer-based Fusion Approach for Hyperspectral Image Super-resolution
Creators: name: Hu, Jin-Fan
name: Huang, Ting-Zhu
name: Deng, Liang-Jian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Hyperspectral image has become increasingly crucial due to its abundant spectral information. However, It has poor spatial resolution with the limitation of the current imaging mechanism. Nowadays, many convolutional neural networks have been proposed for the hyperspectral image super-resolution problem. However, convolutional neural network (CNN) based methods only consider the local information instead of the global one with the limited kernel size of receptive field in the convolution operation. In this paper, we design a network based on the transformer for fusing the low-resolution hyperspectral images and high-resolution multispectral images to obtain the high-resolution hyperspectral images. Thanks to the representing ability of the transformer, our approach is able to explore the intrinsic relationships of features globally. Furthermore, considering the LR-HSIs hold the main spectral structure, the network focuses on the spatial detail estimation releasing from the burden of reconstructing the whole data. It reduces the mapping space of the proposed network, which enhances the final performance. Various experiments and quality indexes show our approach's superiority compared with other state-of-the-art methods.
Influence of CO2-laser pulse parameters on 13.5 nm extreme ultraviolet emission features from irradiated liquid tin target
Creators: name: Zakharov, Vasily S
name: Wang, Xinbing
name: Zakharov, Sergey V.
name: Zuo, Duluo
name: Wang, Junwu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Laser-produced plasma (LPP) induced during irradiation of a liquid tin droplet with diameter of 150 um and 180 um by CO2 laser pulse with various pulse durations and energies is considered. The two-dimensional radiative magnetohydrodynamic (RMHD) plasma code is used to simulate the emission and plasma dynamics of multicharged ion tin LPP. Results of simulations for various laser pulse durations and 75-600 mJ pulse energies with Gaussian and experimentally taken temporal profiles are discussed. It is found that if the mass of the target is big enough to provide the plasma flux required (the considered case) a kind of dynamic quasi-stationary plasma flux is formed. In this dynamic quasi-stationary plasma flux, an interlayer of relatively cold tin vapor with mass density of 1-2 g/cm3 is formed between the liquid tin droplet and low density plasma of the critical layer. Expanding of the tin vapor from the droplet provides the plasma flux to the critical layer. In critical layer the plasma is heated up and expands faster. In the simulation results with spherical liquid tin target, the CE into 2$π$ is of 4% for 30 ns FWHM and just slightly lower - of 3.67% for 240 ns FWHM for equal laser intensities of 14 GW/cm2. This slight decay of the in-band EUV yield with laser pulse duration is conditioned by an increasing of radiation re-absorption by expanding plasma from the target, as more cold plasma is produced with longer pulse. The calculated direction diagrams of in-band EUV emission permit to optimize a collector configuration.
Many-body and spin-orbit effects on direct-indirect band gap transition of strained monolayer MoS$_2$ and WS$_2$
Creators: name: Wang, Luqing
name: Kutana, Alex
name: Yakobson, Boris I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Monolayer transition metal dichalcogenides are promising materials for photoelectronic devices. Among them, molybdenum disulphide (MoS$_2$) and tungsten disulphide (WS$_2$) are some of the best candidates due to their favorable band gap values and band edge alignments. Here we consider various perturbative corrections to the DFT electronic structure, e.g. GW, spin-orbit coupling, as well as many-body excitonic and trionic effects, and calculate accurate band gaps as a function of homogeneous strain in these materials. We show that all of these corrections are of comparable magnitudes and need to be included in order to obtain an accurate electronic structure. We calculate the strain at which the direct-to-indirect gap transition occurs. After considering all contributions, the direct to indirect gap transition strain is found to be at 2.7% in MoS$_2$ and 3.9% in WS$_2$. These values are generally higher than the previously reported theoretical values.
description: 9 pages, 4 figures, 1 table
Metagenomic classification scoping review results
Creators: name: Tonkovic, Petar
name: Zdravevski, Eftim
name: Trajkovik, Vladimir
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020

description: Results of applying an NLP toolkit to do a scoping review on the literature on the topic of metagenomic classification available on PubMed, Springer, and IEEE digital libraries.
SUSY in the Sky with Gravitons
Creators: name: Jakobsen, Gustav Uhre
name: Mogull, Gustav
name: Plefka, Jan
name: Steinhoff, Jan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Picture yourself in the wave zone of a gravitational scattering event of two massive, spinning compact bodies (black holes, neutron stars or stars). We show that this system of genuine astrophysical interest enjoys a hidden $\mathcal{N}=2$ supersymmetry, at least to the order of spin-squared (quadrupole) interactions in arbitrary $D$ spacetime dimensions. Using the ${\mathcal N}=2$ supersymmetric worldline action, augmented by finite-size corrections for the non-Kerr black hole case, we build a quadratic-in-spin extension to the worldline quantum field theory (WQFT) formalism introduced in our previous work, and calculate the two bodies' deflection and spin kick to sub-leading order in the post-Minkowskian expansion in Newton's constant $G$. For spins aligned to the normal vector of the scattering plane we also obtain the scattering angle. All $D$-dimensional observables are derived from an eikonal phase given as the free energy of the WQFT, that is invariant under the $\mathcal{N}=2$ supersymmetry transformations.
description: 41 pages including references
Production of charmed pseudoscalar mesons in antiproton-proton annihilation
Creators: name: Haidenbauer, J.
name: Krein, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the production of charmed mesons (D, D_s) in antiproton-proton annihilation close to the reaction thresholds. The elementary charm production process is described by baryon exchange and in the constituent quark model, respectively. Effects of the interactions in the initial and final states are taken into account rigorously. The calculations are performed in close analogy to our earlier study on pbarp to KbarK by connecting the processes via SU(4) flavor symmetry. Our predictions for the DDbar production cross section are in the order of 10^{-2} -- 10^{-1} mu b. They turned out to be comparable to those obtained in other studies. The cross section for a D_sD_s pair is found to be of the same order of magnitude despite the fact that its production in pbarp scattering requires a two-step process.
description: 15 pages, 13 figures, some typos corrected, some comments added
Dielectric control of reverse intersystem crossing in thermally-activated delayed fluorescence emitters
Creators: name: Gillett, Alexander J.
name: Pershin, Anton
name: Pandya, Raj
name: Feldmann, Sascha
name: Sneyd, Alexander J.
name: Alvertis, Antonios M.
name: Evans, Emrys W.
name: Thomas, Tudor H.
name: Cui, Lin-Song
name: Drummond, Bluebell H.
name: Scholes, Gregory D.
name: Olivier, Yoann
name: Rao, Akshay
name: Friend, Richard H.
name: Beljonne, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Thermally-activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) enables organic semiconductors with charge transfer (CT)-type excitons to convert dark triplet states into bright singlets via a reverse intersystem crossing (rISC) process. Here, we consider the role of the dielectric environment in a range of TADF materials with varying changes in dipole moment upon optical excitation. In a dipolar reference emitter, TXO-TPA, environmental reorganisation after excitation in both solution and doped films triggers the formation of the full CT product state. This lowers the singlet excitation energy by 0.3 eV and minimises the singlet-triplet energy gap (ΔEST). Using impulsive Raman measurements, we observe the emergence of two (reactant-inactive) modes at 412 and 813 cm-1 as a vibrational fingerprint of the CT product. In contrast, the dielectric environment plays a smaller role in the electronic excitations of a less dipolar material, 4CzIPN. Quantum-chemical calculations corroborate the appearance of these new product modes in TXO-TPA and show that the dynamic environment fluctuations are large compared to ΔEST. The analysis of the energy-time trajectories and the corresponding free energy functions reveals that the dielectric environment significantly reduces the activation energy for rISC, thus increasing the rISC rate by up to three orders of magnitude when compared to a vacuum environment.
description: 67 pages, 7 main-text figures