cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Kinesin-1 transports morphologically distinct intracellular virions during vaccinia infection.
Creators: name: Xu, Amadeus
name: Basant, Angika
name: Schleich, Sibylle
name: Newsome, Timothy P
name: Way, Michael
Publisher: name: The Francis Crick Institute
Year: 2022
Subjects: Model organisms
Biochemistry & Proteomics
Imaging
Signalling & Oncogenes
Cell Biology
Infectious Disease

description: Intracellular mature virus (IMV) are the first and most abundant infectious form of vaccinia virus to assemble during its replication cycle. IMV can undergo microtubule-based motility, but their directionality and the motor involved in their transport remain unknown. Here, we demonstrate that IMV, like intracellular enveloped virus (IEV), the second form of vaccinia that is wrapped in Golgi-derived membrane, recruit kinesin-1 and undergo anterograde transport. In vitro reconstitution of virion transport in infected cell extracts reveals that IMV and IEV move toward microtubule plus-ends with respective velocities of 0.66 and 0.56 µm/s. Quantitative imaging establishes that IMV and IEV recruit an average of 139 and 320 kinesin-1 motor complexes respectively. In the absence of kinesin-1 there is a near-complete loss of in vitro motility and reduction in the intracellular spread of both types of virion. Our observations demonstrate that kinesin-1 transports two morphologically distinct forms of vaccinia. Reconstitution of vaccinia-based microtubule motility in vitro provides a new model to elucidate how motor number and regulation impacts transport of a bona fide kinesin-1 cargo.
Accurate evaluations of the field shift and lowest-order QED correction for the ground $1^1S-$states of some light two-electron ions
Creators: name: Frolov, Alexei M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Mass-dependent and field shift components of the isotopic shift are determined to high accuracy for the ground $1^1S-$states of some light two-electron Li$^{+}$, Be$^{2+}$, B$^{3+}$ and C$^{4+}$ ions. To determine the field components of these isotopic shifts we apply the Racah-Rosental-Breit formula. We also determine the lowest order QED corrections to the isotopic shifts for each of these two-electron ions.
description: arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1212.6768
Action! – Handlungsbeweise im Mathematikunterricht der Primarstufe
Creators: name: Wachter, Lukas
Publisher: name: Gesellschaft für Didaktik der Mathematik
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Beweis
subject: beweisen
subject: figurierte Zahlen
subject: action proof
subject: Primarstufe
subject: Grundschule
subject: Arithmetik
subject: Argumentieren & Beweisen
subject: Geometrie
subject: 510

description: Die Disziplin des mathematischen Beweise(n)s hat in der Geschichte der Mathematik eine lange Tradition. Euklids Elemente, induktive Beweise und Vorläufer von Algorithmen aus dem Alten Ägypten und Babylon (Scriba & Schreiber, 2005) oder auch intensive Auseinandersetzungen mit dem Prinzip der vollständigen Induktion am Übergang des Spätmittelalters zur frühen Neuzeit (Reichel, 1980) sind nur einige Beispiele. Die moderne axiomatische Mathematik führt diese Tradition in Form deduktiver Beweise fort und postuliert so das Ideal des mathematischen Beweises: aus Axiomen (in der Praxis auch aus Bewiesenem) wird mittels gültiger Schlussregeln das zu Beweisende hergeleitet (Biehler & Kempen, 2016). Der formale Beweis kann dann z. B. in Form eines direkten oder eines Beweises durch Widerspruch konkretisiert werden. Diese höchste Stufe des Beweisens unterscheidet sich vom induktiven „Beweis“ (Schluss aus gültigen Beispielen), dem reduktiven „Beweis“ (Schluss aus gültigen Folgerungen) oder der Akzeptanz einer Aussage aufgrund der Autorität der Quelle (Fischer & Malle, 2004).
SN 2020uem: A Possible Thermonuclear Explosion within A Dense Circumstellar Medium (I) The Nature of Type IIn/Ia-CSM SNe from Photometry and Spectroscopy
Creators: name: Uno, Kohki
name: Maeda, Keiichi
name: Nagao, Takashi
name: Nakaoka, Tatsuya
name: Motohara, Kentaro
name: Tajitsu, Akito
name: Konishi, Masahito
name: Koyama, Shuhei
name: Takahashi, Hidenori
name: Tanaka, Masaomi
name: Kuncarayakti, Hanindyo
name: Kawabata, Miho
name: Yamanaka, Masayuki
name: Aoki, Kentaro
name: Isogai, Keisuke
name: Taguchi, Kenta
name: Ogawa, Mao
name: Kawabata, Koji S.
name: Yoshii, Yuzuru
name: Miyata, Takashi
name: Imazawa, Ryo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have performed intensive follow-up observations of a Type IIn/Ia-CSM SN (SN IIn/Ia-CSM), 2020uem, with photometry, spectroscopy, and polarimetry. In this paper, we report on the results of our observations focusing on optical/near-infrared (NIR) photometry and spectroscopy. The maximum V-band magnitude of SN 2020uem is over $-19.5$ mag. The light curves decline slowly with a rate of $\sim 0.75 {\rm ~mag}/100 {\rm ~days}$. In the late phase ($\gtrsim 300$ days), the light curves show accelerated decay ($\sim 1.2 {\rm ~mag}/100 {\rm ~days}$). The optical spectra show prominent hydrogen emission lines and broad features possibly associated with Fe-peak elements. In addition, the $\rm Hα$ profile exhibits a narrow P-Cygni profile with the absorption minimum of $\sim 100 {\rm ~km~s^{-1}}$. SN 2020uem shows a higher $\rm Hα/Hβ$ ratio ($\sim 7$) than those of SNe IIn, which suggests a denser CSM. The NIR spectrum shows the Paschen and Brackett series with continuum excess in the H and Ks bands. We conclude that the NIR excess emission originates from newly-formed carbon dust. The dust mass ($M_{\rm d}$) and temperature ($T_{\rm d}$) are derived to be $(M_{\rm d}, T_{\rm d}) \sim (4-7 \times 10^{-5} {\rm ~M_{\odot}}, 1500-1600 {\rm ~K})$. We discuss the differences and similarities between the observational properties of SNe IIn/Ia-CSM and those of other SNe Ia and interacting SNe. In particular, spectral features around $\sim 4650$ {\text Å} and $\sim 5900$ {\text Å} of SNe IIn/Ia-CSM are more suppressed than those of SNe Ia; these lines are possibly contributed, at least partly, by \ion{Mg}{1}] and \ion{Na}{1}, and may be suppressed by high ionization behind the reverse shock caused by the massive CSM.
description: 22 pages, 15 figures, 3 tables. Accepted for publication in ApJ
Comprehensive Amplitude Analysis of $γγ\rightarrow π^+π^-, π^0π^0$ and $\overline{K} K$ below 1.5 GeV
Creators: name: Dai, Ling-Yun
name: Pennington, Michael R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we perform an amplitude analysis of essentially all published pion and kaon pair production data from two photon collisions below 1.5 GeV. This includes all the high statistics results from Belle, as well as older data from Mark II at SLAC, CELLO at DESY, Crystal Ball at SLAC. The purpose of this analysis is to provide as close to a model-independent determination of the $γγ$ to meson pair amplitudes as possible. Having data with limited angular coverage, typically $|\cos θ| < 0.6-0.8$, and no polarization information for reactions in which spin is an essential complication, the determination of the underlying amplitudes might appear an intractable problem. However, imposing the basic constraints required by analyticity, unitarity, and crossing-symmetry makes up for the experimentally missing information. Final state interactions among the meson pairs are critical to this analysis. To fix these, we include the latest $ππ\toππ$, ${\overline K}K$ scattering amplitudes given by dispersive analyses, supplemented in the ${\overline K}K$ threshold region by the recent precision Dalitz plot analysis from BaBar. With these hadronic amplitudes built into unitarity, we can constrain the overall description of $γγ\toππ$ and $\overline{K}K$ datasets, both integrated and differential cross-sections, including the high statistics charged and neutral pion, as well as $K_sK_s$ data from Belle. Since this analysis invokes coupled hadronic channels, having data on both $γγ\toππ$ and $\overline{K}K$ reduces the solution space to essentially a single form. We present the partial wave amplitudes, show how well they fit all the available data, and give the two photon couplings of scalar and tensor resonances that appear. These partial waves are important inputs into forthcoming dispersive calculations of hadronic light-by-light scattering.
description: 60 pages, 22 figures
SN 2020uem: A Possible Thermonuclear Explosion within A Dense Circumstellar Medium (II) The Properties of The CSM from Polarimetry and Light Curve Modeling
Creators: name: Uno, Kohki
name: Nagao, Takashi
name: Maeda, Keiichi
name: Kuncarayakti, Hanindyo
name: Tanaka, Masaomi
name: Kawabata, Koji S.
name: Nakaoka, Tatsuya
name: Kawabata, Miho
name: Yamanaka, Masayuki
name: Aoki, Kentaro
name: Isogai, Keisuke
name: Ogawa, Mao
name: Tajitsu, Akito
name: Imazawa, Ryo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Type IIn/Ia-CSM supernovae (SNe IIn/Ia-CSM) are classified by their characteristic spectra, which exhibit narrow hydrogen emission lines originating from a strong interaction with a circumstellar medium (CSM) together with broad lines of intermediate-mass elements. We performed intensive follow-up observations of SN IIn/Ia-CSM 2020uem, including photometry, spectroscopy, and polarimetry. In this paper, we focus on the results of polarimetry. We performed imaging polarimetry at $66$ days and spectropolarimetry at $103$ days after the discovery. SN 2020uem shows a high continuum polarization of $1.0-1.5\%$ without wavelength dependence. Besides, the polarization degree and position angle keep roughly constant. These results suggest that SN 2020uem is powered by a strong interaction with a confined and aspherical CSM. We performed a simple polarization modeling, based on which we suggest that SN 2020uem has an equatorial-disk/torus CSM. Besides, we performed semi-analytic light-curve modeling and estimated the CSM mass. We revealed that the mass-loss rate in the final few hundred years immediately before the explosion of SN 2020uem is in the range of $0.01 - 0.05 {\rm ~M_{\odot}~yr^{-1}}$, and that the total CSM mass is $0.5-4 {\rm ~M_{\odot}}$. The CSM mass can be accommodated by not only a red supergiant (RSG) but a red giant (RG) or an asymptotic-giant-branch (AGB) star. As a possible progenitor scenario of SN 2020uem, we propose a white-dwarf binary system including an RG, RSG or AGB star, especially a merger scenario via common envelope evolution, i.e., the core-degenerate scenario or its variant.
description: 16pages, 9 figures, 1 table. Accepted for publication in ApJ
Boundary streaming with Navier boundary condition
Creators: name: Xie, Jin-Han
name: Vanneste, Jacques
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 76N20

description: In microfluidic applications involving high-frequency acoustic waves over a solid boundary, the Stokes boundary-layer thickness $δ$ is so small that some non-negligible slip may occur at the fluid-solid interface. This paper assesses the impact of the slip by revisiting the classical problem of steady acoustic streaming over a flat boundary with the Navier boundary condition $u|_{y=0} = L_\mathrm{s} \partial_y u|_{y=0}$, where $u$ is the velocity tangent to the boundary $y=0$, and the parameter $L_\mathrm{s}$ is the slip length. The limit outside the boundary layer provide an effective slip velocity. A general expression is obtained for the streaming velocity outside the boundary layer as a function of the dimensionless parameter $L_\mathrm{s}/δ$. Particularising to travelling and standing waves shows that the boundary slip respectively increases and decreases the streaming velocity.
description: 11 pages, 3 figures
The accuracy of mutual potential approximations in simulations of binary asteroids
Creators: name: Ho, Alex
name: Wold, Margrethe
name: Poursina, Mohammad
name: Conway, John T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Simulations of asteroid binaries commonly use mutual gravitational potentials approximated by series expansions, leading to truncation errors, and also preventing correct computations of the forces and torques when the bodies are close. We make of a recently developed method where the mutual potential is calculated with the use of surface integrals and is exact for bodies of ellipsoidal shapes. The solutions produced by the surface integration method are compared with an approach that expands the mutual potential, truncated at second and fourth order. The approximate solutions are generated with the ``General Use Binary Asteroid Simulator'' (gubas). We find that the differences in the forces and torques are the largest when the bodies are nearly touching. These differences can exceed 1000% if the shape of the primary is highly elongated. Long term simulations show more than 100% difference in the dynamics if the bodies are initially close, while the differences are negligible if the bodies are initially far apart. For simulations with two triaxial ellipsoids, the computational efficiency of the surface integral method is comparable to fourth order approximations with gubas, and superior to potentials truncated to order eight or higher.
description: 15 pages, 16 figures. Accepted for publication in A&A. The abstract has been abridged for arXiv submission
How Do You Measure Primality?
Creators: name: O'Neill, Christopher
name: Pelayo, Roberto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Commutative Algebra (math.AC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In commutative monoids, the $ω$-value measures how far an element is from being prime. This invariant, which is important in understanding the factorization theory of monoids, has been the focus of much recent study. This paper provides detailed examples and an overview of known results on $ω$-primality, including several recent and surprising contributions in the setting of numerical monoids. As many questions related to $ω$-primality remain, we provide a list of open problems accessible to advanced undergraduate students and beginning graduate students.
Identity, Instability, and Investors. An Empirical Investigation of the Home Bias
Creators: name: Huning, Thilo Rene
name: Wahl, Fabian
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: home bias
subject: start-ups
subject: venture capital
subject: investor behavior
subject: common regional identity
subject: historical political instability
subject: 330 Wirtschaft

description: In this paper, we present novel data from the German-speaking area on 13,422 venture capital investments between 1999 and 2019, and document a novel and yet unexplained contributor to investors’ home bias. We propose a new measure of regional identity based on a recent vehicle license plate liberalization in Germany, and leverage on a unique dataset of historical borders to show how regional identity is formed. We use an instrumental strategy to establish a causal link between historical political instability, regional identity, and the home bias. Our results indicate that a common regional identity is highly relevant for investment decisions.
Cyanopolyyne chemistry in the L1544 prestellar core: new insights from GBT observations
Creators: name: Bianchi, Eleonora
name: Remijan, Anthony
name: Codella, Claudio
name: Ceccarelli, Cecilia
name: Lique, Francois
name: Spezzano, Silvia
name: Balucani, Nadia
name: Caselli, Paola
name: Herbst, Eric
name: Podio, Linda
name: Vastel, Charlotte
name: McGuire, Brett
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report a comprehensive study of the cyanopolyyne chemistry in the prototypical prestellar core L1544. Using the 100m Robert C. Byrd Green Bank Telescope (GBT) we observe 3 emission lines of HC$_3$N, 9 lines of HC$_5$N, 5 lines of HC$_7$N, and 9 lines of HC$_9$N. HC$_9$N is detected for the first time towards the source. The high spectral resolution ($\sim$ 0.05 km s$^{-1}$) reveals double-peak spectral line profiles with the redshifted peak a factor 3-5 brighter. Resolved maps of the core in other molecular tracers indicates that the southern region is redshifted. Therefore, the bulk of the cyanopolyyne emission is likely associated with the southern region of the core, where free carbon atoms are available to form long chains, thanks to the more efficient illumination of the interstellar field radiation. We perform a simultaneous modelling of the HC$_5$N, HC$_7$N, and HC$_9$N lines, to investigate the origin of the emission. To enable this analysis, we performed new calculation of the collisional coefficients. The simultaneous fitting indicates a gas kinetic temperature of 5--12 K, a source size of 80$\arcsec$, and a gas density larger than 100 cm$^{-3}$. The HC$_5$N:HC$_7$N:HC$_9$N abundance ratios measured in L1544 are about 1:6:4. We compare our observations with those towards the the well-studied starless core TMC-1 and with the available measurements in different star-forming regions. The comparison suggests that a complex carbon chain chemistry is active in other sources and it is related to the presence of free gaseous carbon. Finally, we discuss the possible formation and destruction routes in the light of the new observations.
description: 16 pages, 7 figure, 3 tables
Rethinking data sharing in phytolith research: from FAIR phytoliths to key insights for archaeology.
Creators: name: Kerfant, Celine
name: Karoune, Emma
name: Lancelotti, Carla
name: Ruiz-Pérez, Javier
name: García-Granero, Juan José
name: Madella, Marco
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Open science, FAIR principles, Phytolith research

description: This presentation was given at the European Assocation of Archaeologists (EAA) conference on 3rd September 2022. We presented our project ‘Increasing the FAIRness of phytolith data’, funded by EOSC-Life, which is striving to set the basis for implementing the FAIR (Findable, Accessible, Interoperable and Reusable) data principles within the phytolith research community. Phytoliths are micro-botanical remains that are formed within the cells of living plants. They can be used to address archaeological questions concerning anthropogenic plant exploitation and landscape changes. The phytolith community has been making efforts to standardise data through the development of a common nomenclature and other guidelines. However, the routine adoption of these standards has not been straightforward. Data sharing is minimal and data is often exclusively within paywalled published articles rather than in open repositories. An assessment of open science practises in phytolith research (Karoune 2020) found that only a small percentage of research provided reusable data. These findings initiated the FAIR Phytoliths project to take the first steps along the FAIRification journey. The FAIR Phytoliths project has engaged with our community to find shared views on opening up research. We have also conducted an assessment of publications containing primary phytolith data and associated methods to fully investigate the key variables needed to improve data sharing in line with the FAIR principles. This presentation shared the results of this work and the FAIR guidelines that we have drawn up with community support. We discussed what this means for future phytolith research and the wider learnings that can be taken from this project for the archaeological community. We hope this work will initiate more sustainable data sharing practices in the future for phytolith research and related disciplines.
A standardized and reproducible method to measure decision-making in mice: CAD Drawings for items linked in appendices.zip
Creators: name: International Brain Laboratory
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: Neuroscience

description: CAD drawings for equipment described in Appendices 1 and 3 of the IBL paper: A standardized and reproducible method to measure decision-making in mice.
When citing this data, please also cite the associated paper: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.01.17.909838
For more information about the International Brain Laboratory please see our website: www.internationalbrainlab.com
SOLIS XVII: Jet candidate unveiled in OMC-2 and its possible link to the enhanced cosmic-ray ionisation rate
Creators: name: Lattanzi, V.
name: Alves, F. O.
name: Padovani, M.
name: Fontani, F.
name: Caselli, P.
name: Ceccarelli, C.
name: López-Sepulcre, A.
name: Favre, C.
name: Neri, R.
name: Chahine, L.
name: Vastel, C.
name: Evans, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The study of the early phases of star and planet formation is important to understand the physical and chemical history of stellar systems such as our own. In particular, protostars born in rich clusters are prototypes of the young Solar System. In the framework of the Seeds Of Life In Space (SOLIS) large observational project, the aim of the present work is to investigate the origin of the previously inferred high flux of energetic particles in the protocluster FIR4 of the Orion Molecular Cloud 2 (OMC-2), which appears asymmetric within the protocluster itself. Interferometric observations carried out with the IRAM NOEMA interferometer were used to map the silicon monoxide (SiO) emission around the FIR4 protocluster. Complementary archival data from the ALMA interferometer were also employed to help constrain excitation conditions. A physical-chemical model was implemented to characterise the particle acceleration along the protostellar jet candidate, along with a non-LTE analysis of the SiO emission along the jet. The emission morphology of the SiO rotational transitions hints for the first time at the presence of a collimated jet originating very close to the brightest protostar in the cluster, HOPS-108. The NOEMA observations unveiled a possible jet in the OMC-2 FIR4 protocluster propagating towards a previously measured enhanced cosmic-ray ionisation rate. This suggests that energetic particle acceleration by the jet shock close to the protostar might be at the origin of the enhanced cosmic-ray ionisation rate, as confirmed by modelling the protostellar jet.
description: 8 pages, 7 figures, accepted for publications in A&A
Detailed $α$ abundance trends in the inner Galactic bulge
Creators: name: Nieuwmunster, N.
name: Nandakumar, G.
name: Spitoni, E.
name: Ryde, N.
name: Schultheis, M.
name: Rich, R. M.
name: Barklem, P. S.
name: Agertz, O.
name: Renaud, F.
name: Matteucci, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we aim to derive high-precision alpha-element abundances using CRIRES high-resolution IR spectra of 72 cool M giants of the inner Galactic bulge. Silicon, magnesium, and calcium abundances were determined by fitting a synthetic spectrum for each star. We also incorporated recent theoretical data into our spectroscopic analysis (i.e. updated K-band line list, better broadening parameter estimation, non-local thermodynamic equilibrium (NLTE) corrections). We compare these inner bulge alpha abundance trends with those of solar neighbourhood stars observed with IGRINS using the same line list and analysis technique; we also compare our sample to APOGEE DR17 abundances for inner bulge stars. We investigate bulge membership using spectro-photometric distances and orbital simulations. We construct a chemical-evolution model that fits our metallicity distribution function (MDF) and our alpha-element trends. Among our 72 stars, we find four that are not bulge members. [Si/Fe] and [Mg/Fe] versus [Fe/H] trends show a typical thick disc alpha-element behaviour, except that we do not see any plateau at supersolar metallicities as seen in other works. The NLTE analysis lowers [Mg/Fe] typically by $\sim$0.1 dex, resulting in a noticeably lower trend of [Mg/Fe] versus [Fe/H]. The derived [Ca/Fe] versus [Fe/H] trend has a larger scatter than those for Si and Mg, but is in excellent agreement with local thin and thick disc trends. With our updated analysis, we constructed one of the most detailed studies of the alpha abundance trends of cool M giants in the inner Galactic bulge. We modelled these abundances by adopting a two-infall chemical-evolution model with two distinct gas-infall episodes with timescales of 0.4 Gyr and 2 Gyr, respectively. Based on a very meticulous spectral analysis, we have constructed detailed and precise chemical abundances of Mg, Si, and Ca for cool M giants.
description: 19 pages, 11 figures
Quantum graph vertices with minimal number of passbands
Creators: name: Poghosyan, Sergey S.
name: Cheon, Taksu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study a set of scattering matrices of quantum graphs containing minimal number of passbands, i.e., maximal number of zero elements. The cases of even and odd vertex degree are considered. Using a solution of inverse scattering problem, we reconstruct boundary conditions of scale-invariant vertex couplings. Potential-controlled universal flat filtering properties are found for considered types of vertex couplings. Obtained boundary conditions are approximated by simple graphs carrying only $δ$ potentials and inner magnetic field.
description: 14 Pages, 4 figures, New references added
On quantifying and resolving the BICEP2/Planck tension over gravitational waves
Creators: name: Smith, Kendrick M.
name: Dvorkin, Cora
name: Boyle, Latham
name: Turok, Neil
name: Halpern, Mark
name: Hinshaw, Gary
name: Gold, Ben
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The recent BICEP2 measurement of primordial gravity waves (r = 0.2^{+0.07}_{-0.05}) appears to be in tension with the upper limit from WMAP (r<0.13 at 95% CL) and Planck (r<0.11 at 95% CL). We carefully quantify the level of tension and show that it is very significant (around 0.1% unlikely) when the observed deficit of large-scale temperature power is taken into account. We show that measurements of TE and EE power spectra in the near future will discriminate between the hypotheses that this tension is either a statistical fluke, or a sign of new physics. We also discuss extensions of the standard cosmological model that relieve the tension, and some novel ways to constrain them.
description: v2: minor changes matching PRL published version
Star Formation Histories of Dwarf Spheroidal and Dwarf Elliptical Galaxies in the Local Universe
Creators: name: Seo, Mira
name: Ann, H. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the star formation histories (SFHs) of early-type dwarf galaxies, dSphs and dEs, in the local universe within z=0.01. The SFHs of early-type dwarf galaxies are characterized by pre-enriched, metal-poor old stellar populations, absence of moderately old stars that have ages of a few Gyr. There are some differences in the SFHs of dSphs and dEs. In particular, dSphs formed old ($\gtrsim10$ Gyr old) metal-poor stars $\sim2$ times more than dEs. The effects of reionization and feedback from supernova explosions are thought to be strong enough to remove the gas left, which prevent moderately old stellar populations in dSphs. In contrast, the ejected gas are not completely removed from dEs and fall back to ignite burst of star formation at a few Gyr after the first period of violent bursts of star formation, showing a suppression of star formation at lookback time $\approx 9.6$ Gyr. The second peak of star formation at lookback time $\approx 4.5$ Gyr in dEs produce moderately old stellar populations. Distinction between dSphs and dEs is useful to examine the SFHS of the early-type dwarfs since the cumulative SFHs are most closely related to their morphology. The stellar mass plays an important role in the SFHs of the early-type dwarfs as a driver of star formation, especially in galaxies with primordial origin.
description: 16 pages, 16 figures
Semi-automatic meteoroid fragmentation modeling using genetic algorithms
Creators: name: Henych, Tomáš
name: Borovička, Jiří
name: Spurný, Pavel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Meteoroids are pieces of asteroids and comets. They serve as unique probes to the physical and chemical properties of their parent bodies. We can derive some of these properties when meteoroids collide with the atmosphere of Earth and become a meteor or a bolide. Even more information can be obtained when meteoroids are mechanically strong and slow enough to drop meteorites. Through physical modeling of bright meteors, we describe their fragmentation in the atmosphere. We also derive their mechanical strength and the mass distribution of the fragments, some of which may hit the ground as meteorites. We developed a semi-automatic program for meteoroid fragmentation modeling using parallel genetic algorithms. This allowed us to determine the most probable fragmentation cascade of the meteoroid, and also to specify its initial mass and velocity. These parameters can be used in turn to derive the heliocentric orbit of the meteoroid and to place constraints on its likely age as a separate object. The program offers plausible solutions for the majority of fireballs we tested, and the quality of the solutions is comparable to that of manual solutions. The two solutions are not the same in detail, but the derived quantities, such as the fragment masses of the larger fragments and the proxy for their mechanical strength, are very similar. With this method, we would like to describe the mechanical properties and structure of both meteoroids belonging to major meteor showers and those that cause exceptional fireballs.
description: Accepted for publication in A&A, 17 pages, 27 figures
Kopierbuch für Briefe nach in- und ausländischen Orten im französischen, deutschen und italienischen Sprachgebiet (Copies de lettres françaises)
Creators: name: Franz Wagner & Cie
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1804

description: Darin: Register
description: Französisch
description: Verzeichnung=Description=Inventaire 12.04.2023 Automatisierter Import Archivbestand
description: Verzeichnung=Description=Inventaire ISAD(G) / HAN Katalogisierungsregeln für Archivbestände Detailliert
A microfluidic device to sort capsules by deformability: A numerical study
Creators: name: Zhu, Lailai
name: Rorai, Cecilia
name: Mitra, Dhrubaditya
name: Brandt, Luca
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Guided by extensive numerical simulations, we propose a microfluidic device that can sort elastic capsules by their deformability. The device consists of a duct embedded with a semi-cylindrical obstacle, and a diffuser which further enhances the sorting capability. We demonstrate that the device can operate reasonably well under changes in the initial position of the the capsule. The efficiency of the device remains essentially unaltered under small changes of the obstacle shape (from semi-circular to semi-elliptic cross-section). Confinement along the direction perpendicular to the plane of the device increases its efficiency. This work is the first numerical study of cell sorting by a realistic microfluidic device.
description: preprint, 7 pages 6 figures
Anisotropic Electron Heating in an Electron Cyclotron Resonance Thruster with Magnetic Nozzle
Creators: name: Porto, Jean
name: Elias, Paul-Quentin
name: Ciardi, Andrea
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In a grid-less Electron Cyclotron Resonance (ECR) plasma thruster with a diverging magnetic nozzle, the magnitude of the ambipolar field accelerating the positive ions depends of the perpendicular energy gained by the electrons. This work investigates the heating of the electrons by electromagnetic waves, taking their bouncing motion into account in a confining well formed by the magnetic mirror force and the electrostatic potential of the thruster. An electromagnetic Particle-In-Cell (PIC) code is used to simulate the plasma in a magnetic field tube. The code's Maxwell solver is based on a semi-Lagrangian scheme known as the Constrained Interpolation Profile (CIP) which enables larger time steps. The results show that anisotropic plasma heating takes place exclusively inside the coaxial chamber, along a Doppler-broadened zone. It is also shown that a trapped population of electrons with a larger perpendicular energy exists in the plume.
Reanalyzing the upper limit on the tensor-to-scalar perturbation ratio r_T in a quartic potential inflationary model
Creators: name: Kabir, R.
name: Mukherjee, A.
name: Lohiya, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the polynomial chaotic inflation model with a single scalar field in a double well quartic potential which has recently been shown to be consistent with Planck data. In particular, we study the effects of lifting the degeneracy between the two vacua on the inflationary observables, i.e. spectral index n_s and tensor-to-scalar perturbation ratio r_T. We find that removing the degeneracy allows the model to satisfy the upper limit constraints on r_T from Planck data, provided the field starts near the local maximum. We also calculate the scalar power spectrum and non-Gaussianity parameter f_NL for the primordial scalar perturbations in this model.
description: 7 pages, 7 figures; v2: discussion added, submitted to Phys. Lett. B; v3: published version
Brief an E[rnst] Wölfflin
Creators: name: Krause, Paul
name: Rheinisch-Westfälische Röntgengesellschaft
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1930

description: von Paul Krause
description: Mit eigenhändiger Unterschrift von Dr. Paul Krause
description: Deutsch
description: Verzeichnung=Description=Inventaire Juni 2023 Vollständige Rekatalogisierung nach Briefkatalog und Original ben
Brief an College [Wilhelm His?]
Creators: name: Röntgen, Wilhelm Conrad
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1909

description: von W[ilhelm] C[onrad] Röntgen
description: Briefkatalog: Adressat unsicher
description: Deutsch
description: Digitalisierung=Digitization=Numérisation Juni 2023 TIFF
description: Verzeichnung=Description=Inventaire Juni 2023 Vollständige Rekatalogisierung nach Briefkatalog und Original ben
Protokollbuch der Sitzungen der Zentralkommission I
Creators: name: Schweizerische Gesellschaft für Statistik und Volkswirtschaft
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1864

description: Darin: Aktenkontrolle (1869-1872), leere Seiten vorne und dazwischen
description: Deutsch
description: Verzeichnung=Description=Inventaire 05.07.2023 Automatisierter Import Archivbestand
description: Verzeichnung=Description=Inventaire ISAD(G) / HAN Katalogisierungsregeln für Archivbestände Detailliert
Diffuse Interstellar Bands vs. Known Atomic and Molecular Species in the Interstellar Medium of M82 toward SN 2014J
Creators: name: Welty, Daniel E.
name: Ritchey, Adam M.
name: Dahlstrom, Julie A.
name: York, Donald G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the absorption due to various constituents of the interstellar medium of M82 seen in moderately high resolution, high signal-to-noise ratio optical spectra of SN 2014J. Complex absorption from M82 is seen, at velocities 45 $\le$ $v_{\rm LSR}$ $\le$ 260 km s$^{-1}$, for Na I, K I, Ca I, Ca II, CH, CH$^+$, and CN; many of the diffuse interstellar bands (DIBs) are also detected. Comparisons of the column densities of the atomic and molecular species and the equivalent widths of the DIBs reveal both similarities and differences in relative abundances, compared to trends seen in the ISM of our Galaxy and the Magellanic Clouds. Of the ten relatively strong DIBs considered here, six (including $λ$5780.5) have strengths within $\pm$20% of the mean values seen in the local Galactic ISM, for comparable N(K I); two are weaker by 20--45% and two (including $λ$5797.1) are stronger by 25--40%. Weaker than "expected" DIBs [relative to N(K I), N(Na I), and E(B-V)] in some Galactic sight lines and toward several other extragalactic supernovae appear to be associated with strong CN absorption and/or significant molecular fractions. While the N(CH)/N(K I) and N(CN)/N(CH) ratios seen toward SN 2014J are similar to those found in the local Galactic ISM, the combination of high N(CH$^+$)/N(CH) and high W(5797.1)/W(5780.5) ratios has not been seen elsewhere. The centroids of many of the M82 DIBs are shifted, relative to the envelope of the K I profile -- likely due to component-to-component variations in W(DIB)/N(K I) that may reflect the molecular content of the individual components. We compare estimates for the host galaxy reddening E(B-V) and visual extinction A$_{\rm V}$ derived from the various interstellar species with the values estimated from optical and near-IR photometry of SN 2014J.
description: 31 pages, 6 figures; accepted to ApJ; added discussion of host galaxy A_v, figure showing weakness of 5780.5 DIB when CN is strong
Low-frequency spin qubit energy splitting noise in highly purified 28Si/SiGe
Creators: name: Struck, Tom
name: Holland, Arne
name: Schauer, Floyd
name: Fedorets, Olexiy
name: Schmidbauer, Andreas
name: Sawano, Kentarou
name: Riemann, Helge
name: Abrosimov, Nikolay V.
name: Cywinski, Lukasz
name: Bougeard, Dominique
name: Schreiber, Lars R.
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 530 Physik

description: We identify the dominant source for low-frequency spin qubit splitting noise in a highly isotopically-purified silicon device with an embedded nanomagnet and a spin echo decay time Techo2 = 128 µs. The power spectral density (PSD) of the charge noise explains both, the clear transition from a 1/f2- to a 1/f-dependence of the splitting noise PSD as well as the experimental observation of a decreasing time-ensemble spin dephasing time, from T∗2≈ 20 µs, with increasing measurement time over several hours. Despite their strong hyperfine contact interaction, the few 73Ge nuclei overlapping with the quantum dot in the barrier do not limit T∗2, likely because their dynamics is frozen on a few hours measurement scale. We conclude that charge noise and the design of the gradient magnetic field are the key to further improve the qubit fidelity in isotopically purified 28Si/SiGe.
Multiferroic properties of o-LuMnO$_3$ controlled by b-axis strain
Creators: name: Windsor, Y. W.
name: Huang, S. W.
name: Hu, Y.
name: Rettig, L.
name: Alberca, A.
name: Shimamoto, K.
name: Scagnoli, V.
name: Lippert, T.
name: Schneider, C. W.
name: Staub, U.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Strain is a leading candidate for controlling magnetoelectric coupling in multiferroics. Here, we use x-ray diffraction to study the coupling between magnetic order and structural distortion in epitaxial films of the orthorhombic (o-) perovskite LuMnO$_3$. An antiferromagnetic spin canting in the E-type magnetic structure is shown to be related to the ferroelectrically induced structural distortion and to a change in the magnetic propagation vector. By comparing films of different orientations and thicknesses, these quantities are found to be controlled by b-axis strain. It is shown that compressive strain destabilizes the commensurate E-type structure and reduces its accompanying ferroelectric distortion.
description: 14 Pages, 4 figures
Nitrogen in Silicon for Room Temperature Single Electron Tunneling Devices
Creators: name: Yadav, Pooja
name: Arora, Hemant
name: Samanta, Arup
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Single electron transistor (SET) is an advanced tool to exploit in quantum devices. Working of such devices at room-temperature is essential for practical utilization. Dopant based single-electron devices are well studied at low-temperature although a few devices are developed for high-temperature operation with certain limitations. Here, we propose and theoretically exhibit that nitrogen (N) donor in silicon is an important candidate for effective designing of such devices. Theoretical calculation of density-of-states using semi-empirical DFT method indicates that N-donor in silicon has deep ground state compared to a phosphorus (P) donor. N-donor spectrum is explored in nano-silicon along with the P-donor. Comparative data of Bohr radius of N-donor and P-donor is also reported. The simulated current-voltage characteristics confirm that N-doped device is better suited for SET operation at room-temperature.
Spin-orbit and impurity scattering in an integrable electron model: Exact results for dynamic correlations
Creators: name: Zvyagin, A. A.
name: Johannesson, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce an integrable model of spin-polarized interacting electrons subject to a spin-conserving spin-orbit interaction. Using Bethe Ansatz and conformal field theory we calculate the exact large-time single-electron and density correlations and find that while the spin-orbit interaction enhances the single-electron Green's function, the density correlations get suppressed. Adding a localized impurity and coupling it to the electrons so that integrability is preserved, the dynamic correlations are found to change significantly after a quantum quench with the impurity interaction switched on suddenly. When the electrons are confined to a periodic structure, the correlations are indifferent to the location of the impurity and only carry an imprint of its intrinsic properties. We conjecture that this unusual feature originates from the integrability of the model.
description: 8 pages, 1 figure
Protokollbuch der Sitzungen der Zentralkommission III
Creators: name: Schweizerische Gesellschaft für Statistik und Volkswirtschaft
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1895

description: Darin: Protokoll des Lokalkomitees zur Vorbereitung der Generalversammlung von 1905, eingeklebte, teils umgeklappte Einlagen, vorne eingeklebt Statuten von 1864/1913 je in deutsch und französisch
description: Deutsch, Französisch
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Protokollbuch der Sitzungen der Zentralkommission II
Creators: name: Schweizerische Gesellschaft für Statistik und Volkswirtschaft
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1887

description: Darin: Protokoll der Generalversammlung von 1891 sowie Protokoll der Statistiker-Konferenz von 1894, 1 eingeklebte Einlage von 1895
description: Deutsch
description: Verzeichnung=Description=Inventaire 05.07.2023 Automatisierter Import Archivbestand
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Protokollbuch der Sitzungen des Direktionskomitees IV
Creators: name: Schweizerische Gesellschaft für Statistik und Volkswirtschaft
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1913

description: Darin: Eingeklebte Aufstellung der in der Sitzung vom 20.7.1915 gefassten Beschlüsse, vorne eingeklebt Statuten von 1864/1913 je in deutsch und französisch
description: Deutsch, Französisch
description: Verzeichnung=Description=Inventaire 05.07.2023 Automatisierter Import Archivbestand
description: Verzeichnung=Description=Inventaire ISAD(G) / HAN Katalogisierungsregeln für Archivbestände Detailliert
Parameter estimation on compact binary coalescences with abruptly terminating gravitational waveforms
Creators: name: Mandel, Ilya
name: Berry, Christopher P L
name: Ohme, Frank
name: Fairhurst, Stephen
name: Farr, Will M
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Gravitational-wave astronomy seeks to extract information about astrophysical systems from the gravitational-wave signals they emit. For coalescing compact-binary sources this requires accurate model templates for the inspiral and, potentially, the subsequent merger and ringdown. Models with frequency-domain waveforms that terminate abruptly in the sensitive band of the detector are often used for parameter-estimation studies. We show that the abrupt waveform termination contains significant information that affects parameter-estimation accuracy. If the sharp cutoff is not physically motivated, this extra information can lead to misleadingly good accuracy claims. We also show that using waveforms with a cutoff as templates to recover complete signals can lead to biases in parameter estimates. We evaluate when the information content in the cutoff is likely to be important in both cases. We also point out that the standard Fisher matrix formalism, frequently employed for approximately predicting parameter-estimation accuracy, cannot properly incorporate an abrupt cutoff that is present in both signals and templates; this observation explains some previously unexpected results found in the literature. These effects emphasize the importance of using complete waveforms with accurate merger and ringdown phases for parameter estimation.
description: Very minor changes to match published version
G-fractional diffusion on bounded domains in $\mathbb{R}^d$
Creators: name: Angelani, L.
name: Garra, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we study $g$-fractional diffusion on bounded domains in $\mathbb{R}^d$ with absorbing boundary conditions. We show the explicit representation of the solution and then we study the first passage time distribution, showing the dependence on the particular choice of the function $g$. Then, we specialize the analysis to the interesting case of a rectangular domain. Finally we briefly discuss the connection of this general theory with the physical application to the so-called fractional Dodson diffusion model recently discussed in the literature.