cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Global Ophthalmology Practice Patterns during COVID-19 Pandemic and Lockdown
Creators: name: Sanjay, Srinivasan
name: Leo, Seo Wei
name: Eong, Kah - Guan Au
name: Adriono, Gitalisa Andayani
name: Fong, Kenneth CS
name: Anand, Kartik
name: Kadarisman, Rumita S
name: Granet, David B
name: Mahendradas, Padmamalini
name: Shetty, Rohit
name: Souza, Sharon D
name: Iyer, Swaminathan P
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy

description: To assess the impact of practice patterns amongst global ophthalmologists during severe acute respiratory syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS Cov2) causing Corona virus disease (COVID-19) and understand the various modifications made to address emergency surgeries and practice needs. An online survey was sent to practicing ophthalmologists around the world through email, Whatsapp™ ListServ17.0™ (for pediatric ophthalmologists), WeChat™ (China) and ophthalmology associations (Indonesia, Philippines, Ireland). All queries were collected and categorized. Responses to the queries were given according to the recommendations by the Ophthalmology association. Practices ability to deal with the COVID were also classified according to country and type of access to PPE. Statistical analyses of the association between these data and queries, where appropriate were carried out. One thousand nine hundred sixteen ophthalmologists were invited to participate in a survey between April 10th and April 30th, 2020 of which 1207 responded, which is a response rate of approximately 63%. The majority of respondents were from India, Indonesia, China, Singapore and the USA. Our study indicates a precipitous drop in surgical procedures with 46% (n = 538) ophthalmologists ceased to operate on their patients and almost 40% (n = 486) were doing less than 25% of their original number of surgeries. The intent to resume elective surgeries was a consideration in 41% (n = 495) after an evaluation of the situation and in consultation with professional bodies. More than 2/3 of the respondents (n = 703) made it a priority to use and mandate their patients to practice physical distancing, wearing masks, and hand dis-infection for protection to limit the spread of infection. This global survey provides a real-world assessment of diverse practices that were in various forms of “shut down mode” and circumstances with varying capabilities to deal with COVID. It is unprecedented that the collective wisdom for a curtailment of practice has had an enormous immediate and far reaching implications on the livelihoods of ophthalmologists, their staff, and their families. Nevertheless, ophthalmologists and their staff remain resilient and have adapted to these changes pragmatically.
New formulation of the Kubo Optical Conductivity: a Shortcut to Transport Properties
Creators: name: De Filippis, G.
name: Cataudella, V.
name: de Candia, A.
name: Mishchenko, A. S.
name: Nagaosa, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Kubo formula for the electrical conductivity is rewritten in terms of a sum of Drude-like contributions associated to the exact eigenstates of the interacting system, each characterized by its own frequency-dependent relaxation time. The structure of the novel and equivalent formulation, weighting the contribution from each eigenstate by its Boltzmann occupation factor, simplifies considerably the access to the static properties (dc conductivity) and resolves the long standing difficulties to recover the Boltzmann result for dc conductivity from the Kubo formula. It is shown that the Boltzmann result, containing the correct transport scattering time instead of the electron lifetime determined by the Green function, can be recovered in problems with elastic and inelastic scattering at the lowest order of interaction.
Epidemiological Characteristics of Paediatric Eye Injuries in a Large Metropolitan City in South Korea: A Multicentre, Prospective Study
Creators: name: Cho, Jae Wan
name: Ahn, Jae Yun
name: Ryoo, Hyun Wook
name: Moon, Sungbae
name: Jung, Haewon
name: Lee, Won Kee
name: Kim, Jung Ho
name: Lee, Sang-Hun
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy

description: The aim of this study was to identify the epidemiological characteristics of paediatric eye injury in a large metropolitan city based on age group and sex. This prospective, multicentre, observational study used data extracted from the eye injury registry for tertiary teaching hospitals in Daegu, South Korea, between August 2016 and July 2018. Children aged < 16 years were classified as infants, pre-schoolers, school children, and adolescents based on their age group. This study included 502 patients; most eye injuries occurred among boys (n = 349, 69.5%) and school children (n = 168, 33.5%). Unstructured play (n = 268, 53.4%) was the most common cause of eye injury, followed by sports (n = 69, 13.7%) and home activities (n = 52, 10.4%). Among adolescent boys, eye injuries were mostly caused by sports activities (n = 49, 37.7%), including soccer and basketball. Only 1 out of 69 children wore protective eyewear during sports activities. Eye injuries occurred most often in school (n = 63, 41.2%) during adolescence and at home (n = 270, 53.8%) in most other age groups. Eye injuries were more common in boys. Boys and girls had relatively higher proportion of eye injuries during sports and home activities, respectively. In infants to school children, eye injuries mainly occurred at home and by unstructured play, whereas in adolescents, they mostly occurred at school and during sports activities. To prevent eye injuries sustained during sports in adolescents, wearing personal protective equipment during high-risk exercise in schools or sports facilities is recommended.
Stakeholders’ Perceptions of a School-Based Eye Care Programme in Baltimore, MD
Creators: name: Kretz, Alyssa M.
name: Vongsachang, Hursuong
name: Friedman, David S.
name: Callan, Jonathan
name: Wahl, Madison
name: Mukherjee, M. Rani
name: Neitzel, Amanda
name: Collins, Megan E.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: To explore stakeholders’ perceptions of a school-based vision programme (SBVP). We conducted 20 focus groups with 105 parents and teachers at schools in Baltimore, MD, that participated in a SBVP. Facilitators used a semi-structured interview guide to discuss participants’ perceptions of the SBVP. Focus groups were audio-recorded, transcribed, and coded using inductive thematic analysis. Participant perceptions fell into three categories: benefits of school-based eye care, limitations of school-based eye care, and observation of impact. The majority of participants had positive comments about the programme; benefits included convenience (location, time, and cost), the comprehensive nature of the programme, the quality of the eyeglasses and ability to receive replacements, and a positive screening/exam experience. Limitations of programme impact were related to communication and organisation, the time to receive the glasses, missed instructional time, and uncertainty about screenings. Observations of impact included academic and classroom improvements, as well as visual and other health improvements. Parents and teachers reported mostly positive perceptions regarding the SBVP. Their appreciation for the convenience underscores that location, cost, time, and comprehensive services are crucial aspects for implementing a successful programme. To maximize impact, programs must also implement robust communication campaigns that integrate into the schools’ workflow to help parents and teachers stay engaged in the process from start to finish.
Smooth density field of catalytic super-Brownian motion
Creators: name: Fleischmann, Klaus
name: Klenke, Achim
Publisher: name: Weierstrass Institute
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: catalytic super-Brownian medium
subject: catalyst
subject: superprocess
subject: measure-valued branching
subject: non-extinction
subject: persistence
subject: two-dimensional process
subject: equilibrium state
subject: absolutely continuous states
subject: self-similarity
subject: time-space gaps of super-Brownian motion
subject: asymptotic density
subject: Cinfinity - density field
subject: heat solution
subject: Brownian excursions
subject: occupation density
subject: super-local time
subject: 60J80
subject: 60G57
subject: 60K35

description: Given an (ordinary) super-Brownian motion (SBM) ϱ on Rd of dimension d = 2, 3, we consider a (catalytic) SBM Xϱ on Rd with "local branching rates" ϱs(dx). We show that Xϱt is absolutely continuous with a density function ξϱt, say. Moreover, there exists a version of the map (t,z) ↦ ξϱt(z) which is C∞ and solves the heat equation off the catalyst ϱ, more precisely, off the (zero set of) closed support of the time-space measure ds ϱs(dx). Using self-similarity, we apply this result to answer the question of the long-term behavior of Xϱ in dimension d = 2 : If ϱ and Xϱ start with a Lebesgue measure, then XϱT converges (persistently) as T → ∞ towards a random multiple of Lebesgue measure.
Global estimates and asymptotics for electro-reaction-diffusion systems in heterostructures
Creators: name: Glitzky, Annegret
name: Hünlich, Rolf
Publisher: name: Weierstrass Institute
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: Reaction-diffusion systems
subject: drift-diffusion processes
subject: motion of charged particles
subject: global estimates
subject: existence
subject: uniqueness
subject: asymptotic behaviour
subject: 35B40
subject: 35B45
subject: 35D05
subject: 35K45
subject: 35K57
subject: 78A35

description: We treat a wide class of electro-reaction-diffusion systems with nonsmooth data in two dimensional domains. Forced by applications in semiconductor technology a nonlinear and nonlocal Poisson equation is involved. We state global existence, uniqueness and asymptotic properties of solutions to the evolution problem. Essential tools in our investigations are energetic estimates, Moser iteration, regularization techniques and results for electro-diffusion systems with weakly nonlinear volume and boundary source terms. Especially, we discuss the connection between the existence of global lower bounds for the chemical potentials and the property that the energy functional decays exponentially to its equilibrium value as time tends to infinity.
Extended-range percolation in complex networks
Creators: name: Cirigliano, Lorenzo
name: Castellano, Claudio
name: Timár, Gábor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Classical percolation theory underlies many processes of information transfer along the links of a network. In these standard situations, the requirement for two nodes to be able to communicate is the presence of at least one uninterrupted path of nodes between them. In a variety of more recent data transmission protocols, such as the communication of noisy data via error-correcting repeaters, both in classical and quantum networks, the requirement of an uninterrupted path is too strict: two nodes may be able to communicate even if all paths between them have interruptions/gaps consisting of nodes that may corrupt the message. In such a case a different approach is needed. We develop the theoretical framework for extended-range percolation in networks, describing the fundamental connectivity properties relevant to such models of information transfer. We obtain exact results, for any range $R$, for infinite random uncorrelated networks and we provide a message-passing formulation that works well in sparse real-world networks. The interplay of the extended range and heterogeneity leads to novel critical behavior in scale-free networks.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures + appendices
Aspirin, Ibuprofen, and the Risk of Colorectal Cancer in Lynch Syndrome
Creators: name: Le Marchand, Loïc
name: Gallinger, Steven
name: Dashti, Seyedeh Ghazaleh
name: Lindor, Noralane M.
name: Clendenning, Mark
name: Chau, Rowena
name: Haile, Robert W.
name: Baron, John A.
name: Ahnen, Dennis J.
name: Winship, Ingrid M.
name: Macrae, Finlay A.
name: Buchanan, Daniel D.
name: Casey, Graham
name: Giles, Graham G.
name: Young, Joanne P.
name: Newcomb, Polly A.
name: Jenkins, Mark A.
name: Rosty, Christophe
name: Win, Aung Ko
name: Ait Ouakrim, Driss
name: Hopper, John L.
name: Leggett, Barbara
name: Potter, John D.
name: Thibodeau, Stephen N.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: Inheritance of a germline mutation in one of the DNA mismatch repair (MMR) genes MLH1, MSH2, MSH6, and PMS2 causes a high risk of colorectal and other cancers (Lynch Syndrome). Use of aspirin has been shown to be associated with a reduced risk of colorectal cancer for the general population as well as for MMR gene mutation carriers. The aim of this study was to determine whether use of aspirin and ibuprofen in a nontrial setting is associated with the risk of colorectal cancer risk for MMR gene mutation carriers.
Effect of chirality imbalance on Hall transport of PrRhC$_2$
Creators: name: Sadhukhan, Banasree
name: Nag, Tanay
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Much has been learned about the topological transport in real materials. We investigate the interplay between magnetism and topology in the magneto-transport of PrRhC$_2$. The four-fold degeneracy reduces to two-fold followed by non-degenerate Weyl nodes when the orientation of the magnetic quantization axis is changed from easy axis to body-diagonal through face-diagonal. This engenders chirality imbalance between positive and negative chirality Weyl nodes around the Fermi energy. We observe a significant enhancement in the chiral anomaly mediated response such as planar Hall conductivity and longitudinal magneto-conductivity, due to the emergence of chirality imbalance upon orienting the magnetic quantization axis to body-diagonal. The angular variations of the above quantities for different magnetic quantization axis clearly refer to the typical signature of planar Hall effect in Weyl semimetals. We further investigate the profiles of anomalous Hall conductivities as a function of Fermi energy to explore the effects of symmetries as well as chirality imbalance on Berry curvature.
description: Main Text: 6 pages + 4 figures, SM: 7 pages + 6 figures
Understanding CME and associated shock in the solar corona by merging multi wavelengths observation
Creators: name: Zucca, Pietro
name: Pick, Monique
name: Demoulin, Pascal
name: Kerdraon, Alain
name: Lecacheux, Alain
name: Gallagher, Peter T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 85-05

description: Using multi-wavelength imaging observations, in EUV, white light and radio, and radio spectral data over a large frequency range, we analyzed the triggering and development of a complex eruptive event. This one includes two components, an eruptive jet and a CME which interact during more than 30 min, and can be considered as physically linked. This was an unusual event. The jet is generated above a typical complex magnetic configuration which has been investigated in many former studies related to the build-up of eruptive jets; this configuration includes fan-field lines originating from a corona null point above a parasitic polarity, which is embedded in one polarity region of large Active Region (AR). The initiation and development of the CME, observed first in EUV, does not show usual signatures. In this case, the eruptive jet is the main actor of this event. The CME appears first as a simple loop system which becomes destabilized by magnetic reconnection between the outer part of the jet and the ambient medium. The progression of the CME is closely associated with the occurrence of two successive types II bursts from distinct origin. An important part of this study is the first radio type II burst for which the joint spectral and imaging observations allowed: i) to follow, step by step, the evolution of the spectrum and of the trajectory of the radio burst, in relationship with the CME evolution; ii) to obtain, without introducing an electronic density model, the B-field and the Alfven speed.
description: 17 pages, 13 figures
The SAGEX Review on Scattering Amplitudes, Chapter 7: Positive Geometry of Scattering Amplitudes
Creators: name: Herrmann, Enrico
name: Trnka, Jaroslav
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Scattering amplitudes are both a wonderful playground to discover novel ideas in Quantum Field Theory and simultaneously of immense phenomenological importance to make precision predictions for e.g.~particle collider observables and more recently also for gravitational wave signals. In this review chapter, we give an overview of some of the exciting recent progress on reformulating QFT in terms of mathematical, geometric quantities, such as polytopes, associahedra, Grassmanians, and the amplituhedron. In this novel approach, standard notions of locality and unitarity are derived concepts rather than fundamental ingredients in the construction which might give us a handle on a number of open questions in QFT that have evaded an answer for decades. We first give a basic summary of positive geometry, before discussing the associahedron -- one of the simplest physically relevant geometric examples -- and its relation to tree-level scattering amplitudes in bi-adjoint $ϕ^3$ theory. Our second example is the amplituhedron construction for scattering amplitudes in planar maximally supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory.
description: 35 pages, see also the overview article arXiv:2203.13011; updated references to match journal article
Body Mass Index, PAM50 Subtype, and Outcomes in Node-Positive Breast Cancer: CALGB 9741 (Alliance)
Creators: name: Cirrincione, Constance T.
name: Gradishar, William
name: Ligibel, Jennifer A.
name: Barry, William T.
name: Martino, Silvana
name: Perou, Charles M.
name: Liu, Minetta
name: Citron, Marc
name: Ingle, James N.
name: Hudis, Clifford A.
name: Ellis, Matthew
name: Berry, Donald
name: Michaelson, Richard
name: Winer, Eric
name: Mardis, Elaine
name: Sikov, William
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: Obesity at diagnosis is associated with poor prognosis in women with breast cancer, but few reports have been adjusted for treatment factors.
Hybrid consensus and k-nearest neighbours (kNN) strategies to classify dual BRD4/PLK1 inhibitors
Creators: name: Rezaie, H.
name: Asadollahi-Baboli, M.
name: Hassaninejad-Darzi, S.K.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Cancer

description: A novel decision-making procedure is proposed here for the first time to identify active/inactive and selective/non-selective dual inhibitors using consensus approaches and pools of k-nearest neighbours (kNN) classifications instead of individual models. Dual BRD4/PLK1 inhibition with adequate selectivity is a potential therapeutic strategy for targeting tumour cells in high-risk patients. We report the unique way to identify both active and selective dual BRD4/PLK1 inhibitors using consensus and kNN strategies together with two sources of receptor-based and ligand-based information which are the ranked binding energies of residues and important molecular features, respectively. The results of consensus approaches were compared with the results of individual kNN models. The chemical space similarity was measured using three different distance functions to increase the reliability. All activity and selectivity classification models were validated using cross-validation and y-randomization tests. The outcomes show that consensus approaches can increase the reliability and accuracy of active/inactive or selective/non-selective detections up to 90%. Consensus approaches also reached more balanced values of sensitivity and specificity compared to the individual kNN models because of the compensation in the integration of diverse sources of information.
Assessing the impact of soil moisture-temperature coupling on temperature extremes over the Indian region
Creators: name: Ganeshi, Naresh G
name: Mujumdar, Milind
name: Yuhei, Takaya
name: Goswami, Mangesh M
name: Singh, Bhupendra Bahadur
name: Krishnan, R
name: Terao, Toru
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: While previous model sensitivity studies have mainly focused on discerning the soil moisture-precipitation feedback processes over the Indian region, the present study investigates the impact of soil moisture-temperature (SM-T) coupling on the temperature extremes (ExT) using the high-resolution (~60 km) model simulations. These simulations include the control and soil moisture (SM) sensitivity experiments (DRY-SM and WET-SM) initialized by perturbing (decreasing/increasing) SM from the historical (HIST: 1951-2010) and future 4K warming (FUT: 2051-2100) control runs. The analysis identifies the transitional regions of north-central India (NCI) as the hotspot of strong SM-T coupling. Over NCI, the HIST experiment shows an occurrence of 4-5 extreme events per year, with an average duration of 5-6 days per event and intensity exceeding 46oC. Whereas, FUT estimates indicate relatively severe, long-lasting, and more frequent extreme events. The SM sensitivity experiments reveal the significant influence of SM-T coupling on the ExT over NCI in both historical and future climates. We find that the DRY-SM results in significant enhancement of frequency, duration and intensity of ExT, in contrast to WET-SM. We note that the difference between DRY-SM and WET-SM 50-year return value of the block maxima GEV fit can reach upto 1.25oC and 3oC for historical and future climate, respectively. The enhanced (reduced) extreme temperature conditions in DRY-SM (WET-SM) simulation are caused by the intensification (abridgement) of sensible heat flux by limiting (intensifying) available total energy for evaporative cooling due to faster (slower) dissipation of positive soil moisture anomalies (also called as soil moisture memory). In addition, the influence of SM on ExT over NCI is found to be larger during the post-monsoon season as compared to the pre-monsoon and monsoon seasons.
description: 60 pages, 13 figures
Additional file 1 of Beyond “study skills”: a curriculum-embedded framework for metacognitive development in a college chemistry course
Creators: name: Gamby, Sonja
name: Bauer, Christopher F.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1: TALK module overview.
Uniform bounds on sup-norms of holomorphic forms of real weight
Creators: name: Steiner, Raphael S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We establish uniform bounds for the sup-norms of modular forms of arbitrary real weight $k$ with respect to a finite index subgroup $Γ$ of $\mathrm{SL}_2(\mathbb{Z})$. We also prove corresponding bounds for the supremum over a compact set. We achieve this by extending to a sum over an orthonormal basis $\sum_j y^k|f_j(z)|^2$ and analysing this sum by means of a Bergman kernel and the Fourier coefficients of Poincaré series. As such our results are valid without any assumption that the forms are Hecke eigenfunctions. Under some weak assumptions we further prove the right order of magnitude of $\sup_{z \in \mathbb{H}} \sum_j y^k|f_j(z)|^2 $.
description: 22 pages
Generalizability of Trial Results to Elderly Medicare Patients With Advanced Solid Tumors (Alliance 70802)
Creators: name: Lamont, Elizabeth B.
name: Cohen, Harvey Jay
name: Hurria, Arti
name: Meilleur, Ashley
name: Muss, Hyman
name: Lilenbaum, Rogerio
name: Schilsky, Richard L.
name: Joffe, Steven
name: He, Yulei
name: Venook, Alan
name: Kindler, Hedy L.
name: Goldberg, Richard M.
name: Niell, Harvey
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: In the United States, patients who enroll in chemotherapy trials seldom reflect the attributes of the general population with cancer, as they are often younger, more functional, and have less comorbidity. We compared survival following three chemotherapy regimens according to the setting in which care was delivered (ie, clinical trial vs usual care) to determine the generalizability of clinical trial results to unselected elderly Medicare patients.
Additional file 2 of Beyond “study skills”: a curriculum-embedded framework for metacognitive development in a college chemistry course
Creators: name: Gamby, Sonja
name: Bauer, Christopher F.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 2: Discussion-post rubric for TALK module.
BYOL for Audio: Exploring Pre-trained General-purpose Audio Representations
Creators: name: Niizumi, Daisuke
name: Takeuchi, Daiki
name: Ohishi, Yasunori
name: Harada, Noboru
name: Kashino, Kunio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Audio and Speech Processing (eess.AS)
subject: Sound (cs.SD)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 68T07

description: Pre-trained models are essential as feature extractors in modern machine learning systems in various domains. In this study, we hypothesize that representations effective for general audio tasks should provide multiple aspects of robust features of the input sound. For recognizing sounds regardless of perturbations such as varying pitch or timbre, features should be robust to these perturbations. For serving the diverse needs of tasks such as recognition of emotions or music genres, representations should provide multiple aspects of information, such as local and global features. To implement our principle, we propose a self-supervised learning method: Bootstrap Your Own Latent (BYOL) for Audio (BYOL-A, pronounced "viola"). BYOL-A pre-trains representations of the input sound invariant to audio data augmentations, which makes the learned representations robust to the perturbations of sounds. Whereas the BYOL-A encoder combines local and global features and calculates their statistics to make the representation provide multi-aspect information. As a result, the learned representations should provide robust and multi-aspect information to serve various needs of diverse tasks. We evaluated the general audio task performance of BYOL-A compared to previous state-of-the-art methods, and BYOL-A demonstrated generalizability with the best average result of 72.4% and the best VoxCeleb1 result of 57.6%. Extensive ablation experiments revealed that the BYOL-A encoder architecture contributes to most performance, and the final critical portion resorts to the BYOL framework and BYOL-A augmentations. Our code is available online at https://github.com/nttcslab/byol-a for future studies.
description: 15 pages, 6 figures, and 15 tables. Under the review process
Simulating neutrino echoes induced by secret neutrino interactions
Creators: name: Carpio, Jose Alonso
name: Murase, Kohta
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: New neutrino interactions beyond the Standard Model (BSM) have been of much interest in not only particle physics but also cosmology and astroparticle physics. We numerically investigate the time delay distribution of astrophysical neutrinos that interact with the cosmic neutrino background. Using the Monte Carlo method, we develop a framework that enables us to simulate the time-dependent energy spectra of high-energy neutrinos that experience even multiple scatterings en route and to handle the sharp increase in the cross section at the resonance energy. As an example, we focus on the case of secret neutrino interactions with a scalar mediator. While we find the excellent agreement between analytical and simulation results for small optical depths, our simulations enable us to study even optically-thick cases that are not described by the simplest analytic estimates. Our simulations are used to understand effects of cosmological redshifts, neutrino spectra and flavors. The developments will be useful for probing BSM neutrino interactions with not only current neutrino detectors such as IceCube and Super-Kamiokande but also future neutrino detectors such as IceCube-Gen2 and Hyper-Kamiokande.
description: 20 pages, 8 figures. v2 is the version accepted for publication in JCAP
Height and Breast Cancer Risk: Evidence From Prospective Studies and Mendelian Randomization
Creators: name: de Kort, Wim L. A. M.
name: Wildiers, Hans
name: Floris, Giuseppe
name: Bolla, Manjeet K.
name: Shu, Xiao-Ou
name: Lambrechts, Diether
name: Czene, Kamila
name: Li, Chun
name: Delahanty, Ryan J.
name: Nielsen, Sune F.
name: Shah, Mitul
name: Eriksson, Mikael
name: Long, Jirong
name: Nordestgaard, Børge G.
name: Rookus, Matti A.
name: Wang, Qin
name: Olson, Janet E.
name: Zhang, Ben
name: Couch, Fergus J.
name: Zeng, Chenjie
name: Schmidt, Marjanka K.
name: Chang-Claude, Jenny
name: Neven, Patrick
name: Bojesen, Stig E.
name: Dennis, Joe
name: Dunning, Alison M.
name: Flyger, Henrik
name: van den Hurk, Katja
name: Perkins, Barbara J.
name: Wen, Wanqing
name: Darabi, Hatef
name: Michailidou, Kyriaki
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: Epidemiological studies have linked adult height with breast cancer risk in women. However, the magnitude of the association, particularly by subtypes of breast cancer, has not been established. Furthermore, the mechanisms of the association remain unclear.
Decoding drug resistant mechanism of V32I, I50V and I84V mutations of HIV-1 protease on amprenavir binding by using molecular dynamics simulations and MM-GBSA calculations
Creators: name: Yu, Y.X.
name: Wang, W.
name: Sun, H.B.
name: Zhang, L.L.
name: Wang, L.F.
name: Yin, Y.Y.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Mutations V32I, I50V and I84V in the HIV-1 protease (PR) induce drug resistance towards drug amprenavir (APV). Multiple short molecular dynamics (MSMD) simulations and molecular mechanics generalized Born surface area (MM-GBSA) method were utilized to investigate drug-resistant mechanism of V32I, I50V and I84V towards APV. Dynamic information arising from MSMD simulations suggest that V32I, I50V and I84V highly affect structural flexibility, motion modes and conformational behaviours of two flaps in the PR. Binding free energies calculated by MM-GBSA method suggest that the decrease in binding enthalpy and the increase in binding entropy induced by mutations V32I, I50V and I84V are responsible for drug resistance of the mutated PRs on APV. The energetic contributions of separate residues on binding of APV to the PR show that V32I, I50V and I84V highly disturb the interactions of two flaps with APV and mostly drive the decrease in binding ability of APV to the PR. Thus, the conformational changes of two flaps in the PR caused by V32I, I50V and I84V play key roles in drug resistance of three mutated PR towards APV. This study can provide useful dynamics information for the design of potent inhibitors relieving drug resistance.
Two-photon interference and coherent control of single InAs quantum dot emissions in an Ag-embedded structure
Creators: name: Liu, X.
name: Kumano, H.
name: Nakajima, H.
name: Odashima, S.
name: Asano, T.
name: Kuroda, T.
name: Suemune, I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have recently reported the successful fabrication of bright single-photon sources based on Ag-embedded nanocone structures that incorporate InAs quantum dots. The source had a photon collection efficiency as high as 24.6%. Here we show the results of various types of photonic characterizations of the Ag-embedded nanocone structures that confirm their versatility as regards a broad range of quantum optical applications. We measure the first-order autocorrelation function to evaluate the coherence time of emitted photons, and the second-order correlation function, which reveals the strong suppression of multiple photon generation. The high indistinguishability of emitted photons is shown by the Hong-Ou-Mandel-type two-photon interference. With quasi-resonant excitation, coherent population flopping is demonstrated through Rabi oscillations. Extremely high single-photon purity with a $g^{(2)}$(0) value of 0.008 is achieved with $π$-pulse quasi-resonant excitation.
description: 15 pages, 6 figures
Additional file 3 of Beyond “study skills”: a curriculum-embedded framework for metacognitive development in a college chemistry course
Creators: name: Gamby, Sonja
name: Bauer, Christopher F.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 3: Exit survey distributed to students.
Backward uniqueness of stochastic parabolic like equations driven by Gaussian multiplicative noise
Creators: name: Barbu, V.
name: Röckner, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: One proves here the backward uniqueness of solutions to stochastic semilinear parabolic equations and also for the tamed Navier-Stokes equations driven by linearly multiplicative Gaussian noises. Applications to approximate controllability of nonlinear stochastic parabolic equations with initial controllers are given. The method of proof relies on the logarithmic convexity property known to hold for solutions to linear evolution equations in Hilbert spaces with self-adjoint principal part.
Complex dynamics of a heterogeneous network of Hindmarsh-Rose neurons
Creators: name: Njitacke, Zeric Tabekoueng
name: Muni, Sishu Shankar
name: Seth, Soumyajit
name: Awrejcewicz, Jan
name: Kengne, Jacques
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this contribution, we have considered the collective behavior of the two as well as the network of heterogeneous coupled Hindmarsh Rose (HR) neurons. The heterogeneous models were made of a memristive 2D (HR) and the traditional 3D HR neurons. Investigating a model of two coupled neurons through an electrical synapse reveals dissipative properties. When control parameters are varied, the coupled neuron model exhibits rich dynamics, such as the periodic, quasi-periodic, and chaotic dynamics involving either bursting or spiking oscillations. For weak electrical coupling strength, non-synchronized motion is observed. But in the case of higher coupling strength, synchronized cluster states are observed. Besides, ring-star networks of up to 100 under three different heterogeneous topologies are being investigated, and various spatiotemporal patterns are explored. It is found that the spatiotemporal patterns depend on the topology of the heterogeneous network considered. A new clustered chimera state is revealed qualitatively via the recurrence plot. The cluster states are indicated in the ring and star configurations of the heterogeneous network. Single and double-well chimera states have been revealed in the ring and ring-star structures. Finally, an equivalent electronic circuit for the two coupled heterogeneous is designed and investigated in the PSIM simulation environment. A perfect match is observed between the results obtained from the designed analog circuit and the mathematical model of the two coupled neurons, which supports the fact that our obtained results are not related to an artifact.
Important Role of Menarche in Development of Estrogen Receptor–Negative Breast Cancer in African American Women
Creators: name: Palmer, Julie R.
name: Borges, Virginia
name: Ambrosone, Christine B.
name: Bandera, Elisa V.
name: Chandra, Dhyan
name: Yao, Song
name: Kolonel, Laurence N.
name: Rosenberg, Lynn
name: Olshan, Andrew F.
name: Hong, Chi-Chen
name: Zirpoli, Gary
name: Schedin, Pepper
name: Bethea, Traci N.
name: Park, Song-Yi
name: Troester, Melissa A.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: Menarche is a critical time point for diverging fates of mammary cells of origin. African American women have young age at menarche, which could be associated with their high rates of estrogen receptor–negative (ER-) breast cancer.
Leveraging Biospecimen Resources for Discovery or Validation of Markers for Early Cancer Detection
Creators: name: Cullen, Jennifer
name: Mechanic, Leah E.
name: Doria-Rose, V. Paul
name: Anderson, Garnet L.
name: Schully, Sheri D.
name: McShane, Lisa M.
name: Urban, Nicole
name: Berg, Christine D.
name: Carrick, Danielle M.
name: Diamandis, Eleftherios P.
name: Goddard, Katrina A. B.
name: Srivastava, Sudhir
name: Hankinson, Susan E.
name: Skates, Steven J.
name: Baron, John A.
name: Shak, Steven
name: Schilsky, Richard L.
name: Khoury, Muin J.
name: Kramer, Barnett S.
name: Kushi, Lawrence H.
name: Ransohoff, David F.
name: Larson, Eric B.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: Validation of early detection cancer biomarkers has proven to be disappointing when initial promising claims have often not been reproducible in diagnostic samples or did not extend to prediagnostic samples. The previously reported lack of rigorous internal validity (systematic differences between compared groups) and external validity (lack of generalizability beyond compared groups) may be effectively addressed by utilizing blood specimens and data collected within well-conducted cohort studies. Cohort studies with prediagnostic specimens (eg, blood specimens collected prior to development of clinical symptoms) and clinical data have recently been used to assess the validity of some early detection biomarkers. With this background, the Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences (DCCPS) and the Division of Cancer Prevention (DCP) of the National Cancer Institute (NCI) held a joint workshop in August 2013. The goal was to advance early detection cancer research by considering how the infrastructure of cohort studies that already exist or are being developed might be leveraged to include appropriate blood specimens, including prediagnostic specimens, ideally collected at periodic intervals, along with clinical data about symptom status and cancer diagnosis. Three overarching recommendations emerged from the discussions: 1) facilitate sharing of existing specimens and data, 2) encourage collaboration among scientists developing biomarkers and those conducting observational cohort studies or managing healthcare systems with cohorts followed over time, and 3) conduct pilot projects that identify and address key logistic and feasibility issues regarding how appropriate specimens and clinical data might be collected at reasonable effort and cost within existing or future cohorts.
KamLAND-PICO project to search for cosmic dark matter
Creators: name: Fushimi, K.
name: Awatani, Y.
name: Ejiri, H.
name: Hazama, R.
name: Ikeda, H.
name: Imagawa, K.
name: Inoue, K.
name: Kozlov, A.
name: Orito, R.
name: Shima, T.
name: Yasuda, R. Sugawaraand K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: KamLAND-PICO project aims to search for WIMPs dark matter by means of NaI(Tl) scintillator. To investigate the WIMPs candidate whose cross section is as small as $10^{-9}$ pb, a pure NaI(Tl) crystal was developed by chemical processing and taking care of surroundings. The concentration of U and Th chain was reduced to $5.4\pm0.9$ ppt and $3.3\pm2.2$ ppt, respectively. It should be remarked that the concentration of $^{210}$Pb which was difficult to reduce reached to the high purity as $58\pm26$ $μ$Bq/kg.
description: 6 pages 5 figures, Proceedings of the 26th Workshop on "Radiation Detectors and Their Uses" January 26-28 20214. KEK Tsukuba Japan. Accepted for publication
On the Eulerian numbers and Power Sums
Creators: name: Petro, Kolosov
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Binomial Coefficient
subject: Combinatorics
subject: Power Sums
subject: Worpitzky Identity
subject: Faulhaber's formula
subject: Eulerian numbers

description: In this short report we discuss a relation between Triangle of Eulerian Numbers and Power sums of the form \(\Sigma_k^n k^m\), where n,m are positive integers.
description: 3 pages
Summary of the Working Group on 'Single particle effects: parasitic long-range beam-beam interactions'
Creators: name: Shiltsev, V.
name: Métral, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: There were three presentations given at the session "Single particle effects: parasitic long-range beam-beam interactions" [1, 2, 3] which were followed by discussions. Below we summarize major findings and discussions.
description: 3 pages, contribution to the ICFA Mini-Workshop on Beam-Beam Effects in Hadron Colliders, CERN, Geneva, Switzerland, 18-22 Mar 2013
Participation in Cancer Pharmacogenomic Studies: A Study of 8456 Patients Registered to Clinical Trials in the Cancer and Leukemia Group B (Alliance)
Creators: name: Friedman, Paula N.
name: Watson, Dorothy
name: Deal, Allison M.
name: Dressler, Lynn G.
name: McLeod, Howard L.
name: Donahue, Katherine
name: Owzar, Kouros
name: Ratain, Mark J.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: Clinically annotated specimens from cancer clinical trial participants offer an opportunity for discovery and validation of pharmacogenomic findings. The purpose of this observational study is to better understand patient/institution factors that may contribute to participation in the pharmacogenomic component of prospective cancer clinical trials.
SAR based on self consistent classifier
Creators: name: Stolbov, L.A.
name: Filimonov, D.A.
name: Poroikov, V.V.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The accuracy and performance of (Q)SAR models depend significantly on the data used for training. Datasets prepared on the basis of publicly available databases contain structures belonging to different chemical classes and have a highly imbalanced actives/inactives ratio. Currently, hundreds of structural descriptors are used in (Q)SAR studies. The abundance of structural descriptors gives rise to the problem of the constructed (Q)SAR models stability. The methods frequently used for the selection of a small fraction of the ‘best’ descriptors usually do not have sufficient mathematical justification. We propose a new approach to a self-consistent classifier for SAR analysis in order to overcome these problems. Logistic (SCLC) and extreme (SCEC) extensions of self-consistent regression (SCR) were implemented to enhance the classification capabilities of SCR. The approach was applied to classification models’ development for inhibiting activity endpoints in HIV-1-related data and toxicity endpoints with subsequent fivefold cross-validation to estimate the models’ performance. Comparison of the proposed SCLC and SCEC models with those developed using the original SCR and support vector machine demonstrated the comparable accuracy. Advantages in feature selection using our approach provide more generalizable (Q)SAR models. In particular, the crucial factors responsible for the observed value are determined unambiguously.