cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
A novel approach for testing the association between smokeless tobacco use and cancer
Creators: name: University Of California Office Of The President
Publisher: name: University of California Office of the President
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/00dmfq477
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2024

description: The first comprehensive report on smokeless tobacco and health, released by the Office of the U.S. Surgeon General in 1986, was based on epidemiologic studies that had not properly controlled for the confounding effect of participants' smoking behavior. Furthermore, most of the cited studies were based on the case-control study design, which is susceptible to a host of selection and information biases. The current project is intended to complement the few longitudinal studies that have examined the association between smokeless tobacco use and cancer (notably oral/pharyngeal cancer) since publication of the 1986 report. It is hypothesized that smokeless tobacco users have a significantly greater risk than nonusers of developing cancer and dying prematurely. The project's novelty lies in the linking of demographic and tobacco use behaviors of participants from sequential cohorts to cancer outcomes in large government registries. The sequential cohorts will be comprised of individuals who participated in any one of 24 Tobacco Use Supplements to the Current Population Survey; these cross-sectional surveys were administered between the years 1985 and 2011. Participants' survey responses will then be linked to the National Death Index for an assessment of cancer-related mortality (n=626,709), and the SEER registry for an assessment of cancer incidence (n~162,944). An alternative method will estimate cancer incidence among the elderly (>64 yrs.) using Medicare claims data. Survival-analysis methods will be employed for both outcomes, cancer mortality and incidence, accounting for participants' variability in follow-up time, censoring, and change in incidence rates over time. The methods will include the Kaplan-Meier method and the log-rank test, used for comparing survival curves, and the Cox proportional-hazards model for testing associations while adjusting for covariates (e.g., age). The first set of analyses will exclude lifetime cigarette smokers; if statistically significant associations are not observed, then the former and current cigarette smokers will be added and properly adjusted for in a second set of analyses. Power calculations in the full sample (lifetime smokers and never smokers) indicate that power is sufficient (>.80) for detecting statistically significant hazard ratios of 2.1 or above for incidence and mortality attributed to oral/pharyngeal cancer. The proposed project, which will yield accurate estimates of cancer risk in the users versus nonusers of smokeless tobacco, is con
Boydaia cecropis Fain 1969
Creators: name: Skoracki, Maciej
name: Schmidt, Karl-Heinz
name: Marciniak, Natalia
name: Marciniak, Martyna
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Prostigmata
Ereynetidae
Boydaia
Boydaia cecropis

description: Boydaia cecropis Fain, 1969
Boydaia cecropis Fain, 1969: 374, figs. 6, 7, 1971: 98, 102, 109, figs. 24, 25. Holotype in RMCA, examined.
Type host: Cecropis abyssinica unitatis (Sclater and Mackworth-Praed) (Passeriformes: Hirundinidae) from Rwanda.
Diagnosis. Hypostome with 2 pairs of setae. Setae ve absent. Setae vi situated posterior to level of setae si. Sensillae SEd-type. Agenital and pseudanal series with 2 pairs of setae, each. Number of leg setae: coxae 2–1–2–0, trochanters 1–1–0–0, femora 6–4–3–3, genua 4–4–3–3, tibiae 5–3–3–3. All setae on tibia and genu of leg I similar in shape. In larvae, antaxial and paraxial claw pair of leg I subequal, antaxial sharp-ended, paraxial blunt-ended.
Host and distribution. Passeriformes (Hirundinidae): CecrOpis abyssinica unitatis (Sclater and Mackworth- Praed) from Rwanda [Southern Prov., Akanyaru] (Fain 1969).
description: Published as part of Skoracki, Maciej, Schmidt, Karl-Heinz, Marciniak, Natalia & Marciniak, Martyna, 2018, A review of mites of the subfamily Speleognathinae (Acariformes: Ereynetidae) parasitizing respiratory tracts of birds in the Afrotropical region, pp. 401-440 in Zootaxa 4403 (3) on page 423, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4403.3.1, http://zenodo.org/record/1212849
Analysis of p53 tumor suppressor function in diabetes
Creators: name: University Of California Office Of The President
Publisher: name: University of California Office of the President
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/00dmfq477
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2024

description: Guarding cell genomes against DNA damage is one of the most fundamental biological imperatives. The p53 tumor suppressor plays a critical role in this process. The biochemical activity of p53 that is required for this role primarily relies on its ability to bind to specific DNA sequences and to control the transcription of its target genes. Among the genes induced by p53 is p21, which binds and inhibits all currently known cyclin-dependent protein kinases required for the G1-to-S phase transition. Upon DNA damage, the transcription activity of p53 is regulated through multiple post-translational modifications. Once activated, p53 recruits coactivators and general transcription factors as well as Pol II to begin transcription. We reported that p53 recruits TAF1 to the p21 promoter and this recruitment contributes to p53 activation. TAF1 is the largest subunit of general transcription factor TFIID, which is composed of the TATA-binding protein (TBP) and 14 TBP-associated factors (TAFs), and possesses intrinsic protein kinase activity. Interestingly, we found that, in addition to support p53 transcription, TAF1 also phosphorylates p53 at Thr55 on the p21 promoter, leading to dissociation of p53 from the promoter and transcription termination. Significantly, we uncovered that cellular ATP acts as a molecular switch for Thr55 phosphorylation on the p21 promoter and identified TAF1 as a potential ATP sensor in the cell. Because diabetes-associated hyperglycemia or high glucose (HG) can increase cellular ATP levels, it could, in theory, lead to inhibition of p53 tumor suppressor activity via TAF1-mediated Thr55 phosphorylation. To explore this possibility, we found very recently that p53 binding to the p21 promoter was indeed reduced under HG conditions. This finding raised fundamental questions as to what extent HG contributes to inhibition of p53 overall transcription and to what extent it impacts p53 tumor suppressive function. The proposed research is designed to advance our analysis of TAF1-mediated p53 regulation in this new and exciting direction. Specifically, we will employ ChIP-sequencing approach to test if HG impacts p53 overall DNA binding in Aim 1; and conduct anchorage-independent cell growth assay to assess if HG affects p53 tumor suppressor function in Aim 2. Given incidences of certain cancers have been linked to diabetes, findings from the proposed studies should provide a mechanistic link between diabetes and cancer.
Mechanisms that control entry into the cell cycle
Creators: name: University Of California Office Of The President
Publisher: name: University of California Office of the President
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/00dmfq477
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2024

description: The KLF4 transcription factor plays critical roles in controlling the proliferation and differentiation of stem cells. It also capable of acting as an oncogene or a tumor suppressor. Yet little is know about the molecular functions of KLF4 or how it is controlled. In budding yeast, a transcription factor called Ace2 inhibits cell cycle entry via repression of G1 cyclin transcription. We recently discovered key signals that control Ace2. Moreover, a number of observations suggest that the function and regulation of Ace2 have been conserved in human KLF4. Thus, we request modest funding to translate our discoveries in yeast into a better understanding of critical pathways that control cell cycle entry in human cells. Successful completion of the proposed work will establish the existence of a novel and conserved pathway that controls cell cycle entry. Moreover, it will demonstrate that powerful combined approaches in yeast and human cells can be used to further elucidate the pathway.
Neotyphloceras crackensis Sanchez & Lareschi 2014
Creators: name: Lareschi, Marcela
name: Sanchez, Juliana
name: Autino, Analía
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Siphonaptera
Hystrichopsyllidae
Neotyphloceras
Neotyphloceras crackensis

description: Neotyphloceras crackensis Sanchez & Lareschi, 2014
MLP. Argentina—Chubut: Bahía Cracker. Mammalia—Rodentia—Cricetidae— Graomys griseoflavus. Argentina—Chubut: Bajo Los Huesos, Pico Salamanca, Puerto Piojo. Santa Cruz: Pali Aike. Mammalia— Rodentia—Cricetidae— Abrothrix olivacea, Akodon iniscatus, Eligmodontia morgani, Eligmodontia typus, Reithrodon auritus.
description: Published as part of Lareschi, Marcela, Sanchez, Juliana & Autino, Analía, 2016, A review of the fleas (Insecta: Siphonaptera) from Argentina, pp. 239-258 in Zootaxa 4103 (3) on page 243, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4103.3.3, http://zenodo.org/record/262230
Tomocerus Nicolet 1842
Creators: name: Yu, Daoyuan
name: Man, Le Cong
name: Deharveng, Louis
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Entognatha
Collembola
Tomoceridae
Tomocerus

description: Genus Tomocerus Nicolet, 1842
Diagnosis
Moderate to large sized Tomocerinae, usually longer than 3 mm; body colour pale to dark, some species with distinct colour pattern; eyes at most 6+6; trochantero-femoral organ reduced to 1, 1 chaetae; dens of furca basally without outer strong chaetae or inner large differentiated scales; shape of dental spines from simple to compound among different species; mucro with two dorsal lamellae and two basal teeth, outer basal tooth with corner toothlet. Commonest group of Tomocerinae in Eurasia Continent, especially abundant in East Asia.
description: Published as part of Yu, Daoyuan, Man, Le Cong & Deharveng, Louis, 2016, Tomoceridae (Collembola, Entomobryomorpha) from the southern Annamitic cordillera: redescription of Tomocerus ocreatus Denis, 1948 and description of a new species of Tomocerina Yosii, 1955, pp. 1-14 in European Journal of Taxonomy 176 on page 3, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2016.176, http://zenodo.org/record/3832758
Synthetic receptors as new methods of drug delivery for cancer therapy
Creators: name: University Of California Office Of The President
Publisher: name: University of California Office of the President
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/00dmfq477
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2024

description: Many processes such as intercellular communication and the influx of genetic material during the progression of cancer disease states involve molecular recognition via receptor molecules at membrane interfaces. While detailed knowledge of these molecular processes is essential for understanding and treatment of human cancers, the receptors are complex and challenging to study. The creation of synthetic species capable of selective molecular recognition at membrane interfaces can provide a more accessible method of fundamental study of membrane-based recognition processes. A selective host molecule that can be tailored for individual targets and function in living cells would provide a novel method of molecular recognition and target transport in vivo. The overall objective of this application is to synthesize small molecule hosts that can recognize suitable substrates in biomimetic membrane and living cell environments. The combination of detailed surface studies and investigations in living cells will provide a complete picture of the molecular recognition process. Our central hypothesis is that water-soluble deep cavitands (cavity-based synthetic receptors) can display selective, targeted non-covalent molecular recognition in cell membranes, allowing controlled target transport in living cells. Guided by strong preliminary data, this hypothesis will be tested via two specific aims: 1) Create a controllable, multivalent molecular recognition system using membrane-bound synthetic receptors and 2) Apply these synthetic receptors as broad spectrum transfection agents in living cells. Under the first aim, the molecular recognition properties of water-soluble deep cavitands will be studied by surface plasmon resonance spectroscopy in supported lipid bilayers. The focus will be on multivalent molecular recognition of large biorelevant substrates. Under the second aim, the hosts will be used to control transmembrane transport of drug molecules, proteins and nucleotides into living cells. The ability to induce selective endocytosis of a variety of targets offers new possibilities in drug delivery, and this has the potential to provide a crucial advance in chemotherapy and cancer treatment. These novel transfection agents have the ability to significantly increase the efficacy of treatments such as gene therapy with siRNAs that suffer from poor transmembrane transport in the absence of suitable polymeric vectors. Our hosts are non-cytotoxic, target selective and of low molecular weight, eliminating many of the pr
Additional file 2: Figure S1. of Characterization of skin function associated with obesity and specific correlation to local/systemic parameters in American women
Creators: name: Mori, Shinobu
name: Shiraishi, Akiko
name: Epplen, Karen
name: Butcher, Desiree
name: Murase, Daiki
name: Yasuda, Yuka
name: Murase, Takatoshi
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Physiology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Body fat and systemic metabolism. Figure S2. Autonomic nerve activity. Figure S3. Adipokines and inflammatory markers. Figure S4. Profile of ceramide [NP]. (PDF 248Â kb)
Neotyphloceras crassispina subsp. crassispina Rothschild 1914
Creators: name: Lareschi, Marcela
name: Sanchez, Juliana
name: Autino, Analía
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Siphonaptera
Hystrichopsyllidae
Neotyphloceras
Neotyphloceras crassispina
Neotyphloceras crassispina crassispina rothschild, 1914

description: Neotyphloceras crassispina crassispina Rothschild, 1914
NHM. Peru—Pachacayo.”Rat”. Bolivia; Peru; Chile; Argentina—Río Negro: El Bolsón, San Carlos de Bariloche. Mammalia—Rodentia—Cricetidae— Abrothrix hirta, Abrothrix olivacea, Geoxus valdivianus, Oligoryzomys longicaudatus.
description: Published as part of Lareschi, Marcela, Sanchez, Juliana & Autino, Analía, 2016, A review of the fleas (Insecta: Siphonaptera) from Argentina, pp. 239-258 in Zootaxa 4103 (3) on page 243, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4103.3.3, http://zenodo.org/record/262230
Boydaia cinnyris Fain 1969
Creators: name: Skoracki, Maciej
name: Schmidt, Karl-Heinz
name: Marciniak, Natalia
name: Marciniak, Martyna
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Prostigmata
Ereynetidae
Boydaia
Boydaia cinnyris

description: Boydaia cinnyris Fain, 1969
Boydaia cinnyris Fain, 1969: 373, fig. 4, 1971: 98, 102, 109, fig. 12. Holotype in RMCA, examined. Type host: Cinnyris cupreus cupreus (Shaw) (Passeriformes: Nectariniidae) from Rwanda.
Diagnosis. Hypostome with 2 pairs of setae. Setae ve present. Setae vi situated posterior to level of setae si. Sensillae SEc-type. Agenital and pseudanal series with 2 pairs of setae, each. Number of leg setae: coxae 2–1–1–0, trochanters 1–1–0–0, femora 6–4–3–2, genua 4–4–3–3, tibiae 5–3–3–3. All setae on tibia and genu of leg I similar in shape. In larvae, antaxial and paraxial claw pair of leg I equal and both sharp-ended.
Hosts and distribution. Passeriformes (Nectariniidae): Cinnyris cupreus cupreus (Shaw) (= Cinnyris cuprea septentriOnalis), ChalcOmitra senegalensis lamperti (Reichenow) (= Ch. s. aequatOrialis) both from Rwanda [Southern Prov., Akanyaru] (Fain 1969).
description: Published as part of Skoracki, Maciej, Schmidt, Karl-Heinz, Marciniak, Natalia & Marciniak, Martyna, 2018, A review of mites of the subfamily Speleognathinae (Acariformes: Ereynetidae) parasitizing respiratory tracts of birds in the Afrotropical region, pp. 401-440 in Zootaxa 4403 (3) on page 423, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4403.3.1, http://zenodo.org/record/1212849
Additional file 2: Figure S1. of Characterization of skin function associated with obesity and specific correlation to local/systemic parameters in American women
Creators: name: Mori, Shinobu
name: Shiraishi, Akiko
name: Epplen, Karen
name: Butcher, Desiree
name: Murase, Daiki
name: Yasuda, Yuka
name: Murase, Takatoshi
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Physiology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Body fat and systemic metabolism. Figure S2. Autonomic nerve activity. Figure S3. Adipokines and inflammatory markers. Figure S4. Profile of ceramide [NP] (PDF 248Â kb)
pH-weighted molecular MRI of treatment response in human malignant glioma
Creators: name: University Of California Office Of The President
Publisher: name: University of California Office of the President
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/00dmfq477
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2024

description: Objectives The overall goal of this project is to evaluate a novel pH-weighted, non-invasive magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) technique as a potential biomarker malignant glioma response to therapy. Our preliminary data suggests that chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST) imaging, a new MRI technique, can provide adequate contrast and identify tumor tissue with low pH (acidic). Since microenvironmental pH has significant implications in treatment resistance, angiogenesis, and invasion in tumors, such an imaging technique would be invaluable for characterizing and monitoring treatment response in malignant gliomas. We hypothesize that: 1) tissue with low pH identified by CEST imaging will be associated with significant levels of hypoxia and/or angiogenesis, as illustrated on hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1a, KI-67 staining for mitotically active tumor, CD133 stem cell markers, and CD31 staining for vascular endothelial cells; 2) decreases in pH within the tumor during radiation therapy signifies early resistance and treatment failure, resulting in early time-to-progression (TTP); and 3) an increase in pH within the tumor during administration of anti-angiogenic therapy will signify successful “normalization” of neovasculature and result in a favorable response; while a decrease in pH within the tumor will occur during failure of anti-angiogenic therapy due to increasing hypoxia, triggering resistance to anti-angiogenic therapy. Methods We propose (Aim 1) characterizing the sensitivity of pH-weighted molecular MRI to tissue pH using quantitative immunohistochemistry (HIF-1a, KI-67, CD133, and CD31) on tissue collected using stereotactic biopsies in malignant gliomas. We will correlate the pH-weighted CEST signal and the presence and/or density of these stains. We will also (Aim 2) determine whether changes on pH-weighted MRI evaluated before and after radiation therapy can predict early treatment failure in newly diagnosed malignant gliomas by correlating the change in volume of low pH tissue and/or the mean CEST asymmetry with TTP. Lastly, (Aim 3) we will evaluate the change in tissue pH using pH-weighted MRI after initiation of bevacizumab, an anti-angiogenic agent. We hypothesize that normalization of tissue pH after bevacizumab will signify vascular normalization and successful therapy, thus the change in low pH volume before and after therapy should correlate with TTP. Additionally, we hypothesize a decrease in pH will occur during bevacizumab failure.
Boydaia falconis Fain 1956
Creators: name: Skoracki, Maciej
name: Schmidt, Karl-Heinz
name: Marciniak, Natalia
name: Marciniak, Martyna
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Prostigmata
Ereynetidae
Boydaia
Boydaia falconis

description: Boydaia falconis Fain, 1956
Boydaia falconis Fain, 1956b: 657, figs. 16–18, 1963d: 60, 1972a: 610, fig. 3; Domrow 1969: 381; Pence & Casto 1976: 466. Holotype in RMCA, examined.
Type host: Falco cuvierii Smith (Falconiformes: Falconidae) from Rwanda.
Diagnosis. Hypostome with 1 pair of setae. Setae ve present. Setae vi situated posterior to level of setae si. Sensillae SBa- or SBb-type. Agenital series with 1 pair of setae. Pseudanal series with 2 pairs of setae. Number of leg setae: coxae 1–1–1–1, trochanters 1–1–0–0, femora 7–4–3–4, genua 4–4–3–3, tibiae 5–3–3–3. All setae on genu and tibia of leg I similar in shape. In larvae, antaxial and paraxial claws short, subequal, and sharp-ended.
Hosts and distribution. Falconiformes (Falconidae): FalcO cuvierii Smith from Rwanda [Southern Prov., Akanyaru] (Fain 1956b) and F. tinnunculus Linnaeus from Chad (Fain 1963d).
description: Published as part of Skoracki, Maciej, Schmidt, Karl-Heinz, Marciniak, Natalia & Marciniak, Martyna, 2018, A review of mites of the subfamily Speleognathinae (Acariformes: Ereynetidae) parasitizing respiratory tracts of birds in the Afrotropical region, pp. 401-440 in Zootaxa 4403 (3) on page 423, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4403.3.1, http://zenodo.org/record/1212849
Additional file 2: of Comparison of the efficacy and safety of FP-1201-lyo (intravenously administered recombinant human interferon beta-1a) and placebo in the treatment of patients with moderate or severe acute respiratory distress syndrome: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Creators: name: Bellingan, Geoff
name: Brealey, David
name: Mancebo, Jordi
name: Mercat, Alain
name: NicolĂ˛ Patroniti
name: PettilĂ¤, Ville
name: Quintel, Michael
name: Jean-Louis Vincent
name: Maksimow, Mikael
name: Jalkanen, Markku
name: Piippo, Ilse
name: V. Ranieri
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: List of Ethical Committee approvals already in place. (PDF 403Â kb)
Immunomodulatory protein nanoparticles for cancer therapy
Creators: name: University Of California Office Of The President
Publisher: name: University of California Office of the President
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/00dmfq477
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2024

description: Treatment for cancer has improved survival and delayed tumor recurrence, but challenges such as multidrug resistance and metastasis can still undermine standard therapies. For this reason, immune-mediated approaches focus on recruiting the body's native immune system to recognize and destroy cancer cells. Although these approaches have been promising, they usually do not invoke a sufficiently strong response. To address this, our proposed work will investigate the use of nanoparticles that are of optimal size for dendritic cell (DC) uptake. We propose to induce stronger cytotoxic T-lymphocte responses by simultaneously increasing both spatial and temporal dosing of adjuvant activators and antigens to DCs using these nanoparticles. Co-delivery of both antigen and adjuvant to the same dendritic cells are important for eliciting a strong therapeutic benefit in cancer immunotherapy. Therefore, we hypothesize that cytolytic T-cell responses towards cancer cells expressing tumor-associated antigens (TAA) can be synergistically increased when TAA peptides and DC activators are coupled to nanoparticles of optimal DC uptake size. To test this hypothesis, we propose the following specific aims: Aim 1: Conjugate antigenic TAA peptides to protein nanoparticles and evaluate the extent of cross-presentation, cytolytic response towards cancer cells, and in vivo cytokine production. After synthesizing nanoparticles that are conjugated to TAA, we will immunize mice, isolate splenocytes, and assess cytolytic T-cell activity against target cancer cells expressing that particular TAA. In vivo cytokine production will also be measured to assess extent of immunological response. Aim 2: Combine antigen and DC activator simultaneously on nanoparticles to examine the extent of synergistic enhancement of cytolytic responses towards cancer cells and in vivo cytokine production. After synthesizing the nanoparticles that are co-conjugated with both TAA peptides and DC activator, we will assess cytolytic T-cell activity and cytokine production using the same methods in Aim 1. Comparisons with and without the additional conjugated DC activator will be examined.
Additional file 1: of Significant differences in terms of codon usage bias between bacteriophage early and late genes: a comparative genomics analysis
Creators: name: Oriah Mioduser
name: Goz, Eli
name: Tuller, Tamir
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Supplementary results and material. (PDF 2568Â kb)
Analysis of hematopoietic stem cell maintenance and function by dysregulation of the Wnt antagonist, sclerostin
Creators: name: University Of California Office Of The President
Publisher: name: University of California Office of the President
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/00dmfq477
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2024

description: The Manilay Laboratory is interested in the mechanisms by which stem cells interact with and respond to changes in their local environment, or niche. In recent years, we have studied how hematopoietic differentiation can be altered in mouse models of bone disease. Sclerostin (SOST) is a secreted protein that is critical for normal bone homeostasis. SOST is produced primarily by mature mineralized bone cells called osteocytes (OCYs) and prevents the maturation of osteoblasts into OCYs by its action as a Wnt-signaling antagonist. Although the role of SOST in bone homeostasis has been well-established, we were the first to demonstrate that SOST is a novel mediator of cellular communication between bone and developing blood cells. We observed that the absence of SOST adversely affected B lymphocyte development in SOST-knockout (KO) mice, due to changes in the bone marrow microenvironment, including reduced expression of stem cell factor (SCF) and CXCL12. These growth factors are also important for hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) maintenance and migration within the bone marrow niche; however, the role of SOST in the regulation of HSC function remains an open question. We hypothesize that HSCs that develop in SOST-deficient bones harbor defects in quiescence, cell cycling and Wnt signaling that lead to HSC depletion and hematopoietic failure. To test this hypothesis, we will use classical in vivo assays of HSC function (5-fluorouracil treatment and serial hematopoietic progenitor transplantation), and assess HSC quiescence, differentiation, and survival by using flow cytometric analysis of cell cycle and apoptosis in HSCs that develop in SOST-KO mice. Activation of Wnt signaling in HSCs will be measured by staining for nuclear beta-catenin and Wnt target gene expression, and then correlated to HSC behavior in the SOST KO bone microenvironments. Our studies will be the first to test the role of SOST on HSC fate decisions, and will establish whether or not SOST is required for normal HSC function. SOST expression has recently been observed in cancers that tend to metastasize to the bone, such as multiple myeloma, breast cancer (BrCa) and prostate cancer, and it is postulated that SOST promotes osteolytic lesions during metastasis. Breast cancer stem cells (BrCSCs) have been identified, but whether BrCSC produce SOST and whether or not SOST affect BrCSC has not been investigated. The results of the proposed work will could be applied to future studies of BrCSC, to determine whether SOST regulates Br
MOESM9 of Combined genome and transcriptome sequencing to investigate the plant cell wall degrading enzyme system in the thermophilic fungus Malbranchea cinnamomea
Creators: name: HĂźttner, Silvia
name: Nguyen, Thanh
name: Zoraide Granchi
name: Chin-A-Woeng, Thomas
name: AhrĂŠn, Dag
name: Larsbrink, Johan
name: Thanh, Vu
name: Olsson, Lisbeth
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 9. Phylogenetic tree of ITS1-ITS2-5.8S rRNA sequences.
Economic vulnerability and adaptation to climate hazards and climate change: Building resilience in the Barnegat Bay Region, final revised version
Creators: name: No Name Supplied
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2013

description: This study identifies key economic vulnerabilities to climate change and options for adaptation in the Barnegat Bay region of New Jersey. This study draws on stakeholder knowledge of the region, including understanding of existing development stresses, in order to identify critical economic vulnerabilities to climate change and to identify feasible options for adaptation. The study pays particular attention to key economic assets and activities that may be at risk from climate change, as well as vulnerable populations. The study also considers the implications of climate change for emergency management and hazard mitigation. The broader goal of the study is to provide stakeholder-based information about economic risks and vulnerabilities in the Barnegat Bay region that will contribute to efforts to build long-term resilience to climate-related hazards and climate change.
Synthesis of tylophorine and other anticancer phenanthroindolizidines
Creators: name: University Of California Office Of The President
Publisher: name: University of California Office of the President
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/00dmfq477
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2024

description: Despite the many medical advances made in recent years, cancer is currently the 2nd leading cause of death in the United States. In 2012, it is estimated that over 1.6 million Americans will be newly diagnosed with cancer, and over 575,000 will die from the malicious disease. More than 50% of cancer patients rely on chemotherapy to treat cancer effectively, which in many cases, can lead to prolonged life. The overall survival rate for cancer patients, however, remains low, and there exists a dire need for improved therapeutic agents. Most chemotherapeutic agents consist of heterocyclic frameworks and many of these are inspired by natural product frameworks. We aim to develop methodology to access and intercept strained heterocyclic intermediates, and use this method to access new chemotherapeutic agents. Arrays of phenanthroindolizidines, inspired by natural products with promising anti-cancer activity, will be prepared. Through collaborative studies with experts in cancer biology, our synthetic compounds will be examined in vitro, in vivo, and ultimately in animal models to identify leads for new cancer drugs.
Genome-wide studies of RNA editing in non-Hodgkin lymphoma
Creators: name: University Of California Office Of The President
Publisher: name: University of California Office of the President
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/00dmfq477
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2024

description: The objective of this project is to conduct genome-wide analyses of RNA editing and related functional pathways in non-Hodgkin Lymphoma (NHL) using the RNA-Seq technology. RNA editing is an important mechanism that enables RNA and protein diversity in eukaryotes. It may exert profound effects in gene expression, e.g., by changing protein-coding sequences, generating or destroying splice sites, or altering microRNA precursor transcripts. Although the mechanism is unknown, hypo-editing in cancer was shown to be associated with malignant cell transformation, cell migration and proliferation, and the grade of malignancy of the tumors. However, in-depth studies of RNA editing in NHL, a type of devastating blood cancer, have never been reported. In addition to the known involvement of RNA editing in cancer in general, NHL might be a disease where RNA editing plays a particularly important role. This hypothesis is based on the fact that a gene (activation- induced cytidine deaminase) with potential RNA editing function is also known to be critical in NHL formation. Genome-wide analysis of RNA editing is becoming possible with the advent of bioinformatic approaches and high-throughput sequencing technologies (e.g. RNA-Seq). We have developed methods to analyze RNA-Seq data for RNA-editing identification. Our previous studies identified thousands of A-to-I and other possible types of editing events, many of which are ADAR1- dependent. We propose to achieve two specific aims during this grant period: (1) To analyze RNA editing events in NHL using RNA-Seq data derived from patient samples. We will use the same bioinformatic approaches developed in our previous studies. We will validate new editing events using traditional Sanger sequencing and clonal sequencing methods. (2) To analyze the functional relevance of RNA editing and related cancer pathways. We will compare editing events and associated gene expression among patients and identify editing events that are common or individual-specific with relatively high editing levels. We will characterize the sequence features, conservation and structural features of the editing events and predict/validate putative functional motifs that may regulate RNA editing. This work will also allow a detailed characterization of genes and pathways subject to RNA editing and may enable a better understanding of the functional relevance of RNA editing in NHL.
Loss of heterozygosity is initiated from tracts of acetylated chromatin containing an inverted Alu repeat
Creators: name: University Of California Office Of The President
Publisher: name: University of California Office of the President
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/00dmfq477
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2024

description: The loss of a tumor suppressor gene commonly proceeds via the deletion of large tracts of DNA, many Mbp in size and encompassing numerous genes. This deletion of genetic material is called Loss of Heterozygosity (LOH) as it leaves only single copies of genes whose partner alleles have been deleted. At this time there is no defined mechanism whereby such large tracts of DNA are deleted, other than a failure in the appropriate repair of DNA damage. Thus it is generally assumed that such deletions are random in nature. It is the goal of this proposal to explore a mechanism that promotes or mediates such large scale disruptions to the genome. We have constructed an experimental model using the mucoepidermoid cell line, H292, that generates large tracts of LOH in the long arm of chromosome 11, in viable clones of cells, after modest (4 Gy) radiation exposure. The key element of this model is that the random deposition of radiation generates defined LOH with a telomeric termination at a common location in 11q24 that co-maps with an increase in DNA double strand breaks. We propose that this specific telomeric termination is linked to the presence of a destabilizing Alu inverted repeat and/or the presence of relaxed chromatin via acetylated histones. The hypothesis proposed is, “Normally stable Alu inverted repeat elements linked to open chromatin form transient palindromes that are targets for failed recombination repair leading to LOH”. The project is helped by the fact that a substantial amount of preliminary work has already been undertaken, but further work is required to be competitive for National funding. Aim: Acetylation of identified enhancer region at 11q24 prepares chromatin for cleavage. Sub Aim A. The region of LOH termination and enhanced radiation associated cleavage is linked to histone acetylation of an active enhancer region (H3K27Ac mark). The level of acetylation throughout the region will be upregulated using the HDAC-I SAHA, and the amount of DNA damage at the site measured using ligation-mediated PCR after 4 Gy. These experiments will be repeated in another cell line (MCF10A) where LOH at this region is clinically significant. As a control, an allied region of enhanced acetylation (5kbp distant) that is not associated with an inverted Alu repeat will also be studied with LM-PCR. Sub Aim B. In the cell line used, H292, p300 acetylation is enhanced by the presence of the MECT1:MAML2 fusion that recruits p300 independent of normal cAMP signaling. RNAi will be used to suppress t
Solution Processed Metal-Oxides for Thin Film Applications
Creators: name: Antoniou, Giorgos
Publisher: name: Lancaster University
Year: 2024

description: Transparent electronics is a new technology that troubled scientists the
 recent years and focuses on designing and implementing invisible to the
 eye circuitry. Metal oxides constitute the best candidates due to their
 high optical transparency and excellent electrical characteristics. One
 can easily say that is the most important discovery in the field during
 the last years, enabling transparent electronic technology to evolve even
 more and is expected to dominate the post-silicon era.

 This thesis focuses on the investigation of structural, morphological and
 electrical properties of different metal oxides and their implementation
 in TFTs. Spray pyrolysis was used for the fabrication of those metal
 oxides, a low-cost, large-scale technique.

 The dielectric properties of zirconium oxide doped with yttrium oxide
 nanoparticles were investigated, exhibiting high dielectric constant (27),
 wide optical band gap (5.85 eV) and low current leakages (0.3 nA/cm2).
 Zirconium oxide was doped with different amounts of yttrium oxide, fully
 stabilising it at a cubic structure at an yttrium concentration of 5 mol
 %. Solution-processed In2O3-based TFTs were fabricated, showing excellent
 TFT characteristics, i.e. high electron mobility (38 cm2/Vs), very low
 threshold voltage (0.3 V) and large on/off ratio (107).

 Furthermore, the stability of spray coated In2O3 doped with tungsten TFTs
 was investigated, employing equally spray coated yttrium oxide gate
 dielectrics. In2O3 doped tungsten MOSFETs had practically no effect on the
 band gap, but the Urbach tail energy increased up at higher W content. In
 addition, at increased W amount, the TFT performance is decreased. At
 In2O3:W 0.1 at %, the TFT stability is significantly improved, compared to
 the un-doped ones. This can be determined by the insignificant change of
 the subthreshold swing, threshold voltage and electron mobilities.

 ii | P a g e

 Lastly, the ferroelectric properties of Bismuth Ferrite were investigated.
 Hysteresis loops due to polarisation were investigated for the bismuth
 ferrite films, exhibiting remanent polarisation of 60 μC/cm2 and a
 distorted hysteresis loop due to high current leakages of the film.
 Aluminium oxide films were spray coated on the bismuth ferrite films to
 compensate for the high current leakage. Hysteresis due to polarisation
 was saturated, increasing the remanet polarisation to 170 μC/cm2.
The Mid-Atlantic berry guide
Creators: name: No Name Supplied
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2013

description: The berry guide is intended to provide information for commercial berry growers within the region. It discusses diverse topics including: preplant considerations; soil management and nutrition for berry crops; pesticides, pesticide safety and chemical fumigation; weed management; wildlife damage control; specific discussion of particular kinds of berries (strawberries, blueberries, brambles, gooseberries and currants). Many of the recommendations contained in this guide assume that the production is on a large scale and that producers have a commercial pesticide applicator’s license.
DCAF4 is an adaptor for Cul4:DDB1 ubiquitin ligase activity in cancer
Creators: name: University Of California Office Of The President
Publisher: name: University of California Office of the President
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/00dmfq477
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2024

description: Treatment of triple negative breast cancer is challenging, as patients tend to be refractory to standard chemotherapeutic regimes. Addressing this significant hurdle requires more in-depth understanding of basic mechanisms that regulate proliferation of these specific cancer cell populations. Our laboratory had previously found that Cul4 was required for proliferation of triple negative breast cancer cells. Together with DDB1, and a family of substrate adaptor proteins called DCAFs, Cul4 forms a ubiquitin ligase that targets a number of proliferation and transcription factors for turnover. Our preliminary data revealed that one of these substrate adaptor proteins, DCAF4, is specifically modulated in subsets of triple negative breast cancer cells and other cancer types. We hypothesize that DCAF4 selects a small subset of Cul4:DDB1 targets that are critical for the proliferation of triple negative breast cancer cells. Here we propose experiments to determine whether DCAF4 or its substrates regulate the proliferation and colony formation of triple negative mammary cancer cells. We have used dominant negative mutations to “trap” stable substrate complexes that can be identified by proteomic methods. To test the hypothesis and armed with a significant preliminary data, we propose the following specific aims: AIM 1. Unbiased identification of DCAF4 interactors and testing whether they are targets of E3 mediated turnover. a) Proteins interacting with DCAF4 will be identified in cell lines using proteomic methods. b) We will test whether dominant negative DCAF4 constructs will increase levels of target proteins, a predicted outcome of polyubiquitination and proteosomal degradation. c) We will test whether siRNA-mediated knockdown of DCAF4 isoform leads to increased steady-state levels of specific candidate targets. d) We will test whether certain targets are mono or poly-ubiquitinated by CUL4:DDB1DCAF4 ubiquitin ligase using in vitro purified components. AIM 2. Functional characterization of DCAF4. a) By use of siRNA-based knockdown or DN-DCAF4 overexpression, we will test the requirement of DCAF4 isoforms in cell proliferation, cell migration, and colony forming assays. b) Genes that score as substrates will be cloned into expression vectors and mutagenesis will be carried out to find residues required for turnover by DCAF4. Results from these findings will broaden our understanding of the mechanisms used by triple negative cells to regulate cell proliferation and have the potential to identify novel t
Boydaia hirundoae Fain 1956
Creators: name: Skoracki, Maciej
name: Schmidt, Karl-Heinz
name: Marciniak, Natalia
name: Marciniak, Martyna
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Prostigmata
Ereynetidae
Boydaia
Boydaia hirundoae

description: Boydaia hirundoae Fain, 1956
Boydaia hirundoae Fain, 1956b: 661, figs. 25–28; Fain & Aitken 1968: 81; Domrow 1969: 381; Fain & Hyland 1970: 40; Pence 1973a: 365, 1973c: 887 (as hirundinis). Holotype in RMCA, examined.
Boydaia (Boydaia) hirundoae, Fain 1958b: 180, 1960a: 114, 1963d: 56, 67, 77, figs. 27, 40, 1971: 100, 109, figs. 22–23; 1977: 393.
Type host: Hirundo rustica Linnaeus (Passeriformes: Hirundinidae) from Rwanda.
Diagnosis. Hypostome with 2 pairs of setae. Setae ve present. Setae vi situated posterior to level of setae si. Sensillae SEd-type. Agenital and pseudanal series with 2 pairs of setae, each. Number of leg setae: coxae 2–1–2–0, trochanters 1–1–0–0, femora 6–4–3–3, genua 4–4–3–3, tibiae 5–3–3–3. All setae on tibia and genu of leg I similar in shape. In larvae, antaxial claw pair of leg I sharp-ended and slightly longer than blunt-ended paraxial claw.
Hosts and distribution. Passeriformes (Hirundinidae): HirundO rustica Linnaeus from Rwanda [Southern Prov., Akanyaru] (Fain 1958b) and from South Africa [Johannesburg] (Fain, 1960a), H. aethiOpica Blanford from Cameroon [Far North Prov., Yagoua] (Fain et al. 1977).
Non-African hosts and distribution. Hirundinidae: HirundO neOxena (Gould) from Australia (Domrow 1965), H. rustica Linnaeus from USA (Pence 1973a), PetrOchelidOn ariel (Gould) from Australia (Domrow 1969), PrOgne subis (Linnaeus) from Mexico (Fain & Hyland 1970), StelgidOpteryx ruficOllis (Vieillot) from Trinidad and Tobago (Fain & Aitken 1968).
Remark. Bird species CecrOpis abyssinica unitatis (Sclater and Mackworth-Pread) from Rwanda (Fain 1958b) is currently a host of BOydaia cecrOpis Fain, 1969.
description: Published as part of Skoracki, Maciej, Schmidt, Karl-Heinz, Marciniak, Natalia & Marciniak, Martyna, 2018, A review of mites of the subfamily Speleognathinae (Acariformes: Ereynetidae) parasitizing respiratory tracts of birds in the Afrotropical region, pp. 401-440 in Zootaxa 4403 (3) on pages 423-424, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4403.3.1, http://zenodo.org/record/1212849