cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Structure-based design and characterization of novel fusion-inhibitory lipopeptides against SARS-CoV-2 and emerging variants
Creators: name: Yu, Danwei
name: Zhu, Yuanmei
name: Jiao, Tao
name: Wu, Tong
name: Xiao, Xia
name: Qin, Bo
name: Chong, Huihui
name: Lei, Xiaobo
name: Ren, Lili
name: Cui, Sheng
name: Wang, Jianwei
name: He, Yuxian
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Virology

description: The ongoing pandemic of COVID-19, caused by SARS-CoV-2, has severely impacted the global public health and socio-economic stability, calling for effective vaccines and therapeutics. In this study, we continued our efforts to develop more efficient SARS-CoV-2 fusion inhibitors and achieved significant findings. First, we found that the membrane-proximal external region (MPER) sequence of SARS-CoV-2 spike fusion protein plays a critical role in viral infectivity and can serve as an ideal template for design of fusion-inhibitory peptides. Second, a panel of novel lipopeptides was generated with greatly improved activity in inhibiting SARS-CoV-2 fusion and infection. Third, we showed that the new inhibitors maintained the potent inhibitory activity against emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants, including those with the major mutations of the B.1.1.7 and B.1.351 strains circulating in the United Kingdom and South Africa, respectively. Fourth, the new inhibitors also cross-inhibited other human CoVs, including SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV, HCoV-229E, and HCoV-NL63. Fifth, the structural properties of the new inhibitors were characterized by circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy and crystallographic approach, which revealed the mechanisms underlying the high binding and inhibition. Combined, our studies provide important information for understanding the mechanism of SARS-CoV-2 fusion and a framework for the development of peptide therapeutics for the treatment of SARS-CoV-2 and other CoVs.
Response to Worrying Trends in Econophysics
Creators: name: McCauley, Joseph L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: General Finance (q-fin.GN)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This article is a response to the recent Worrying Trends in Econophysics critique written by four respected theoretical economists. Two of the four have written books and papers that provide very useful critical analyses of the shortcomings of the standard textbook economic model, neo-classical economic theory and have even endorsed my book. Largely, their new paper reflects criticism that I have long made and that our group as a whole has more recently made. But I differ with the authors on some of their criticism, and partly with their proposed remedy.
Core Polarization and Tensor Coupling Effects on Magnetic Moments of Hypernuclei
Creators: name: Yao, J. M.
name: Lu, H. F.
name: Hillhouse, G.
name: Meng, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The effects of core polarization and tensor coupling on the magnetic moments in $^{13}_Λ$C, $^{17}_Λ$O, and $^{41}_Λ$Ca $Λ$-hypernuclei are studied in the Dirac equation with scalar, vector and tensor potentials. It is found that the effect of core polarization on the magnetic moments is suppressed by $Λ$ tensor coupling. The $Λ$ tensor potential reduces the spin-orbit splitting of $p_Λ$ states considerably. However, almost the same magnetic moments are obtained using the hyperon wave function obtained via the Dirac equation either with or without the $Λ$ tensor potential in the electromagnetic current vertex. The deviations of magnetic moments for $p_Λ$ states from the Schmidt values are found to increase with nuclear mass number.
description: 10 pages, 2 figures, 2 tables
Characterizing qubit channels in the context of quantum teleportation
Creators: name: Ghosal, Arkaprabha
name: Das, Debarshi
name: Banerjee, Subhashish
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a scenario where a party, say, Alice prepares a pure two-qubit (either maximally entangled or non-maximally entangled) state and sends one half of this state to another distant party, say, Bob through a qubit (either unital or non-unital) channel. Finally, the shared state is used as a teleportation channel. In this scenario, we focus on characterizing the set of qubit channels with respect to the final state's efficacy as a resource of quantum teleportation (QT) in terms of maximal average fidelity and fidelity deviation (fluctuation in fidelity values over the input states). Importantly, we point out the existence of a subset of qubit channels for which the final state becomes useful for universal QT (having maximal average fidelity strictly greater than the classical bound and having zero fidelity deviation) when the initially prepared state is either useful for universal QT (i.e., for a maximally entangled state) or not useful for universal QT (i.e., for a subset of non-maximally entangled pure states). Interestingly, in the latter case, we show that non-unital channels (dissipative interactions) are more effective than unital channels (non-dissipative interactions) in producing useful states for universal QT from non-maximally entangled pure states.
description: Close to published version
The process of decision making for competency determination of the critically ill individual for consent to treatment
Creators: name: Prociuk, Joan Louise
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: The purpose of this study was to investigate the process of decision making that nurses use when determining whether critically ill individuals are competent to consent to treatment. Grounded theory was employed as the research approach to this qualitative study. Through the use of theoretical sampling, data was collected from thirteen informants through audiotaped interviews. The findings of the study reveal that nurses use a subconscious process of decision making. Through the normal course of patient care, nurses acquire considerable knowledge and understanding of their patients. As nurses come to know their patients they make decisions about patient competency. The process of decision making consists of four stages. In the first stage, the nurse assimilates knowledge about the patient’s illness and initiates the nurse-patient relationship. During the second stage, the nurse comes to know the patient’s responses to their illness and to the environment. In stage three, the nurse learns about the personal aspects of the patient. Finally, in the fourth stage, the nurse integrates the knowledge gained from the first three stages of the process, and tests the patient’s decision making abilities. The completion of all four stages of the process places the nurse in a position to make a clinical judgment about the patient’s competency. However, for these informants, a determination of patient competence does not always ensure the patient’s involvement in decision making.
Analyzing the House Fly's Exploratory Behavior with Autoregression Methods
Creators: name: Takahashi, Hisanao
name: Horibe, Naoto
name: Shimada, Masakazu
name: Ikegami, Takashi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper presents a detailed characterization of the trajectory of a single housefly with free range of a square cage. The trajectory of the fly was recorded and transformed into a time series, which was fully analyzed using an autoregressive model, which describes a stationary time series by a linear regression of prior state values with the white noise. The main discovery was that the fly switched styles of motion from a low dimensional regular pattern to a higher dimensional disordered pattern. This discovered exploratory behavior is, irrespective of the presence of food, characterized by anomalous diffusion.
description: 20 pages, 9 figures, 1 table, full paper
Stellar transits across a magnetized accretion torus as a mechanism for plasmoid ejection
Creators: name: Suková, Petra
name: Zajaček, Michal
name: Witzany, Vojtěch
name: Karas, Vladimír
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The close neighbourhood of a supermassive black hole contains not only the accreting gas and dust but also stellar-sized objects, such as late-type and early-type stars and compact remnants that belong to the nuclear star cluster. When passing through the accretion flow, these objects perturb it by the direct action of stellar winds, as well as their magnetic and gravitational effects. By performing General-Relativistic Magnetohydrodynamic (GRMHD) simulations, we investigate how the passages of a star can influence the supermassive black hole gaseous environment. We focus on the changes in the accretion rate and the emergence of blobs of plasma in the funnel of an accretion torus. We compare results from 2D and 3D numerical computations that have been started with comparable initial conditions. We find that a quasi-stationary inflow can be temporarily inhibited by a transiting star, and the plasmoids can be ejected along the magnetic field lines near the rotation axis. We observe the characteristic signatures of the perturbing motion in the power spectrum of the accretion variability, which provides an avenue for a multi-messenger detection of these transient events. Finally, we discuss the connection of our results to multi-wavelength observations of galactic nuclei, with the emphasis on ten promising sources (Sgr~A*, OJ 287, J0849$+$5108, RE J1034$+$396, 1ES 1927+65, ESO 253--G003, GSN 069, RX J1301.9$+$2747, eRO-QPE1, eRO-QPE2).
description: 43 pages, 22 figures, 4 tables, accepted to ApJ, comments welcome! Links to animations of Run A - https://youtu.be/eERYioirgQc and Run B - https://youtu.be/7Fz4g0lfpP4
Type Ia Supernova Light Curves
Creators: name: Woosley, S. E.
name: Kasen, Daniel
name: Blinnikov, S.
name: Sorokina, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The diversity of Type Ia supernova (SN Ia) photometry is explored using a grid of 130 one-dimensional models. It is shown that the observable properties of SNe Ia resulting from Chandrasekhar-mass explosions are chiefly determined by their final composition and some measure of ``mixing'' in the explosion. A grid of final compositions is explored including essentially all combinations of 56Ni, stable ``iron'', and intermediate mass elements that result in an unbound white dwarf. Light curves (and in some cases spectra) are calculated for each model using two different approaches to the radiation transport problem. Within the resulting templates are models that provide good photometric matches to essentially the entire range of observed SNe Ia. On the whole, the grid of models spans a wide range in B-band peak magnitudes and decline rates, and does not obey a Phillips relation. In particular, models with the same mass of 56Ni show large variations in their light curve decline rates. We identify the physical parameters responsible for this dispersion, and consider physically motivated ``cuts'' of the models that agree better with the Phillips relation. For example, models that produce a constant total mass of burned material of 1.1 +/- Msun do give a crude Phillips relation, albeit with much scatter. The scatter is further reduced if one restricts that set to models that make 0.1 to 0.3 Msun of stable iron and nickel isotopes, and then mix the ejecta strongly between the center and 0.8 Msun. We conclude that the supernovae that occur most frequently in nature are highly constrained by the Phillips relation and that a large part of the currently observed scatter in the relation is likely a consequence of the intrinsic diversity of these objects.
description: 18 pages, submitted to ApJ on 8/18/2006
Gluon-induced W-boson pair production at the LHC
Creators: name: Binoth, T.
name: Ciccolini, M.
name: Kauer, N.
name: Krämer, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Pair production of W bosons constitutes an important background to Higgs boson and new physics searches at the Large Hadron Collider LHC. We have calculated the loop-induced gluon-fusion process gg -> W*W* -> leptons, including intermediate light and heavy quarks and allowing for arbitrary invariant masses of the W bosons. While formally of next-to-next-to-leading order, the gg -> W*W* -> leptons process is enhanced by the large gluon flux at the LHC and by experimental Higgs search cuts, and increases the next-to-leading order WW background estimate for Higgs searches by about 30%. We have extended our previous calculation to include the contribution from the intermediate top-bottom massive quark loop and the Higgs signal process. We provide updated results for cross sections and differential distributions and study the interference between the different gluon scattering contributions. We describe important analytical and numerical aspects of our calculation and present the public GG2WW event generator.
description: 20 pages, 4 figures
Mixed QCD-EW corrections to $\boldsymbol{pp\!\to\!\ellν_\ell\!+\!X}$ at the LHC
Creators: name: Buonocore, Luca
name: Grazzini, Massimiliano
name: Kallweit, Stefan
name: Savoini, Chiara
name: Tramontano, Francesco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the hadroproduction of a massive charged lepton plus the corresponding neutrino through the Drell-Yan mechanism. We present a new computation of the mixed QCD-EW corrections to this process. The cancellation of soft and collinear singularities is achieved by using a formulation of the $q_T$ subtraction formalism derived from the next-to-next-to-leading order QCD calculation for heavy-quark production. For the first time, all the real and virtual contributions due to initial- and final-state radiation are consistently included without any approximation, except for the finite part of the two-loop virtual correction, which is computed in the pole approximation and suitably improved through a reweighting procedure. We demonstrate that our calculation is reliable in both on-shell and off-shell regions, thereby providing the first prediction of the mixed QCD-EW corrections in the entire region of the lepton transverse momentum. The computed corrections are in qualitative agreement with what we obtain in a factorised approach of QCD and EW corrections. At large values of the lepton $p_T$, the mixed QCD-EW corrections are negative and increase in size, to about $-20\%$ with respect to the next-to-leading order QCD result at $p_T=500\,$GeV.
description: 18 pages, 4 figures, 1 table, v2: extended version of the manuscript that has been accepted for publication by PRD (one extra figure on systematic uncertainties, updated table of cross sections)
Habitat of early life: Solar X-ray and UV radiation at Earth's surface 4-3.5 billion years ago
Creators: name: Cnossen, I.
name: Sanz-Forcada, J.
name: Favata, F.
name: Witasse, O.
name: Zegers, T.
name: Arnold, N. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Solar X-ray and UV radiation (0.1-320 nm) received at Earth's surface is an important aspect of the circumstances under which life formed on Earth. The quantity that is received depends on two main variables: the emission of radiation by the young Sun and its extinction through absorption and scattering by the Earth's early atmosphere. The spectrum emitted by the Sun when life formed, between 4 and 3.5 Ga, was modeled here, including the effects of flares and activity cycles, using a solar-like star that has the same age now as the Sun had 4-3.5 Ga. Atmospheric extinction was calculated using the Beer-Lambert law, assuming several density profiles for the atmosphere of the Archean Earth. We found that almost all radiation with a wavelength shorter than 200 nm is attenuated effectively, even by very tenuous atmospheres. Longer-wavelength radiation is progressively less well attenuated, and its extinction is more sensitive to atmospheric composition. Minor atmospheric components, such as methane, ozone, water vapor, etc., have only negligible effects, but changes in CO2 concentration can cause large differences in surface flux. Differences due to variability in solar emission are small compared to this. In all cases surface radiation levels on the Archean Earth were several orders of magnitude higher in the 200-300 nm wavelength range than current levels in this range. That means that any form of life that might have been present at Earth's surface 4-3.5 Ga must have been exposed to much higher quantities of damaging radiation than at present.
description: 19 pages, published by JGR-Planets
Recording of Mono burial songs
Creators: name: Bethel, Rosalie
name: Ware, Catherine
name: Pietroforte, Alfred
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: mnr

description: 1 WAV file. Tape is compilation of Pietroforte's original recordings (Side A) and recording sent to him by Catherine Ware (Side B).
On de Sitter radiation via quantum tunneling
Creators: name: Volovik, G. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss why the tunneling picture does not necessarily lead to Hawking radiation from the de Sitter horizon. The experience with the condensed matter analogs of event horizon suggests that the de Sitter vacuum is stable against the Hawking radiation. On the other hand the detector immersed into the de Sitter background will detect the radiation which looks as thermal with the effective temperature twice larger than the Hawking temperature associated with the cosmological horizon.
description: 15 pages, no figures, IJMPD style, version submitted to IJMPD
Control Variates for Slate Off-Policy Evaluation
Creators: name: Vlassis, Nikos
name: Chandrashekar, Ashok
name: Gil, Fernando Amat
name: Kallus, Nathan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We study the problem of off-policy evaluation from batched contextual bandit data with multidimensional actions, often termed slates. The problem is common to recommender systems and user-interface optimization, and it is particularly challenging because of the combinatorially-sized action space. Swaminathan et al. (2017) have proposed the pseudoinverse (PI) estimator under the assumption that the conditional mean rewards are additive in actions. Using control variates, we consider a large class of unbiased estimators that includes as specific cases the PI estimator and (asymptotically) its self-normalized variant. By optimizing over this class, we obtain new estimators with risk improvement guarantees over both the PI and the self-normalized PI estimators. Experiments with real-world recommender data as well as synthetic data validate these improvements in practice.
Ιταλικός Βερισμός και Ελληνική Ηθογραφία.Η περίπτωση του Βέργκα και του Καρκαβίτσα μέσα από τα διηγήματά τους
Creators: name: Κλήμη, Αργυρούλα Ιωάννη
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2018
Subjects: Ιταλικός Βερισμός-Ελληνική Ηθογραφία
Τζιοβάννι Βέργκα
Ανδρέας Καρκαβίτσας
Italian Verismo-Greek Novel of manners
Giovanni Verga
Andreas Karkavitsas

description: Σκοπός της παρούσας μεταπτυχιακής διπλωματικής εργασίας είναι η περιγραφή και προσέγγιση του Ιταλικού Βερισμού και της Ελληνικής Ηθογραφίας κυρίως μέσα από την ανάλυση των διηγημάτων δυο αντιπροσωπευτικών συγγραφέων των λογοτεχνικών αυτών τάσεων, των πεζογράφων Τζιοβάννι Βέργκα και Ανδρέα Καρκαβίτσα. Παρουσιάζονται ο ορισμός και η περιγραφή των δύο ρευμάτων καθώς και η ιδεολογία και η ποιητική των δύο συγγραφέων. Αναλύονται οι νουβέλες της συλλογής Η ζωή στους αγρούς (Vita dei campi) του Τζιοβάννι Βέργκα και οκτώ ηθογραφικά διηγήματα που αναφέρονται στην αγροτική ζωή του Ανδρέα Καρκαβίτσα και εντοπίζονται τα κοινά στοιχεία που προκύπτουν από τη συγκριτική θεώρηση των κειμένων αυτών.
description: The aim of this master’s thesis is to describe and approach the Italian Verismo and the Greek Novel of manners (Ethography) mostly by analyzing the short novels of two representative writers of these literature trends, the prose writers Giovanni Verga and Andreas Karkavitsas. The definition and the description of these two literature movements as well as the ideology and the poetics of two writers are presented. The novellas of the collection of Giovanni Verga Life in the country (Vita dei campi) and eight novels of manners that refer to the rural life of Andreas Karkavitsas and the common elements that emerge from the comparative assessment of these texts are analysed.
Additional file 2 of Perceptions of exercise and exercise instruction in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and sarcopenia : a qualitative study
Creators: name: Che, Shangjie
name: Meng, Min
name: Jiang, Ya
name: Ye, Xiang
name: Xie, Cuihua
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Supplementary Material 2. Supplementary Table 1. Quotes from patients.
Power-counting theorem for staggered fermions
Creators: name: Giedt, Joel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Lattice power-counting is extended to QCD with staggered fermions. As preparation, the difficulties encountered by Reisz's original formulation of the lattice power-counting theorem are illustrated. One of the assumptions that is used in his proof does not hold for staggered fermions, as was pointed out long ago by Luscher. Finally, I generalize the power-counting theorem, and the methods of Reisz's proof, such that the difficulties posed by staggered fermions are overcome.
description: 29 pages, added 2 figures, one more example, clarifying remarks and one reference; misstatement regarding irrelevant vertices corrected
Additional file 2: of Phytochemical analysis and antidiabetic potential of Elaeagnus umbellata (Thunb.) in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats: pharmacological and computational approach
Creators: name: Nazir, Nausheen
name: Zahoor, Muhammad
name: Nisar, Mohammad
name: Khan, Imran
name: Karim, Nasiara
name: Abdel-Halim, Heba
name: Ali, Akhtar
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Table S1. Effect of E. umbellata fruit methanolic extract/fractions on blood glucose level in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats. Each value is mean ± SEM of 8 animals. Comparisons were made between anormal control to bdiabetic control using student t-test (***p < 0.001) and between bdiabetic control to positive control c(Glibenclamide/extracts) treated groups using one way ANOVA followed by Dunnett’s posthoc multiple comparison test (* p < 0.05,** p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001). (DOCX 16 kb)
Image-based geometric modeling of patient-specific human tricuspid valve
Creators: name: Shen, Chen, (M.S In Engineering Mechanics)
name: 0000-0001-6943-8690
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 2019
Subjects: Tricuspid valve
Image-based modeling

description: The tricuspid valve is one of four heart valves that ensure unidirectional blood flow through the heart. Failure of the tricuspid valve, i.e., leakage, has been associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Toward developing computational models of the tricuspid valve that would help us better understand its function and dysfunction, in this work, we developed an automated pipeline for creating image-based, patient-specific geometric models of the human tricuspid valve. The model includes all the major anatomic features of the in-situ human tricuspid valve: a saddle-shaped tricuspid annulus, three leaflets attached to the annulus and chordae tendineae connected to papillary muscles. The model was created by combining in-situ measurements of annular dynamics via sonomicrometry and measurements on leaflet geometries via photos of human valves. This work is the first step towards a finite element model of patient-specific, human tricuspid valves that will aid in our understanding of normal and abnormal valve function and in our attempt to optimize current surgical procedures for leaking valves. In addition, it also provides a pipeline that can be utilized in future research for the image-based geometric modeling of human bio-tissues.
Measurements of 0.2 to 20 GeV/n cosmic-ray proton and helium spectra from 1997 through 2002 with the BESS spectrometer
Creators: name: Shikaze, Y.
name: Haino, S.
name: Abe, K.
name: Fuke, H.
name: Hams, T.
name: Kim, K. C.
name: Makida, Y.
name: Matsuda, S.
name: Mitchell, J. W.
name: Moiseev, A. A.
name: Nishimura, J.
name: Nozaki, M.
name: Orito, S.
name: Ormes, J. F.
name: Sanuki, T.
name: Sasaki, M.
name: Seo, E. S.
name: Streitmatter, R. E.
name: Suzuki, J.
name: Tanaka, K.
name: Yamagami, T.
name: Yamamoto, A.
name: Yoshida, T.
name: Yoshimura, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We measured low energy cosmic-ray proton and helium spectra in the kinetic energy range 0.215 - 21.5 GeV/n at different solar activities during a period from 1997 to 2002. The observations were carried out with the BESS spectrometer launched on a balloon at Lynn Lake, Canada. A calculation for the correction of secondary particle backgrounds from the overlying atmosphere was improved by using the measured spectra at small atmospheric depths ranging from 5 through 37 g/cm^2. The uncertainties including statistical and systematic errors of the obtained spectra at the top of atmosphere are 5-7 % for protons and 6-9 % for helium nuclei in the energy range 0.5 - 5 GeV/n.
description: 27 pages, 7 Tables, 9 figures, Submitted to Astroparticle Physics
End-over-end agitated thermal processing of canned model food particles
Creators: name: Knap, Rafal Peter
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Heating efficiency at 0 rpm of a Lagarde steam/air simulator evaluated with water filled plastic bowl cans (size 307) revealed no statistically significant differences (p>0.05) in heating rate indices between the 15 different positions, indicating uniform and predictable heat delivery within the retort load. Furthermore, heating rate index (fh) , heating lag factor (jh) and accumulated lethality (F0) were also determined in the plastic, retortable bowls during tests at 7 agitation levels (0-30 rpm) , and at 3 radial positions (R₁=0 mm, R₂=115 mm, R₃=175 mm). Temperature histories were recorded in the centre of water filled bowls, and in both the liquid and particle portions of bowls filled with water and 6 potato/alginate simulated food particles (18 mm diameter). End-over-end rotation from 0 to 30 rpm significantly influenced all parameters. Response to agitation (rpm) was non-linear, such that higher rpm did not always improve heating rates. Substantial improvements in heating of particle portion were seen at relatively low rpm. Although less important than rpm, even small (115 mm) radial position differences significantly altered F₀ in some cases. The effect of immobilization of simulated food particles on the end of a thermocouple investigated using bacterial spores (Bacillus stearothermophilus ATCC 7953) sealed in DSC pans revealed significantly higher lethality delivered to immobilized, as opposed to freely moving particles. Use of DSC pans with bioindicators for verification of delivered lethality was shown to be reproducible, and this method may find application not only in the canning industry, but also in testing of aseptic processing systems.
Cosmological hydrogen recombination: Lyn line feedback and continuum escape
Creators: name: Chluba, J.
name: Sunyaev, R. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compute the corrections to the cosmological hydrogen recombination history due to delayed feedback of Lyman-series photons and the escape in the Lyman-continuum. The former process is expected to slightly delay recombination, while the latter should allow the medium to recombine a bit faster. It is shown that the subsequent feedback of released Lyman-n photons on the lower lying Lyman-(n-1) transitions yields a maximal correction of DN_e/N_e 0.22% at z~ 1050. Including only Lyman-βfeedback onto the Lyman-αtransition, accounts for most of the effect. We find corrections to the cosmic microwave background TT and EE power spectra \change{with typical peak to peak amplitude |DC^{TT}_l/C^{TT}_l|~0.15% and |ΔC^{EE}_l/C^{EE}_l|~0.36% at l
description: 5+epsilon pages, 7 figures, accepted version
Semiconductor to metal transition in SWNTs caused by interaction with gold and platinum nanoparticles
Creators: name: Voggu, Rakesh
name: Paul, Shrinwantu
name: Pati, Swapan K.
name: Rao, C. N. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) have been coated with gold and platinum nanoparticles either by microwave treatment or by the click reaction and the Raman spectra of these SWNT-metal nanoparticle composites have been investigated. Analysis of the G bands in the Raman spectra shows an increase in the proportion of metallic SWNTs on attachment with metal nanoparticles. This conclusion is also supported by the changes observed in the RBM bands. Ab-initio calculations reveal that semiconductor-metal transition occurs in SWNTs due to Columbic charge transfer between the metal nanoparticles and the semiconducting SWNTs.
description: 16 pages, 5 figures
Anomalous reflection and excitation of surface waves in metamaterials
Creators: name: Brodin, G.
name: Marklund, M.
name: Stenflo, L.
name: Shukla, P. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider reflection of electromagnetic waves from layered structures with various dielectric and magnetic properties, including metamaterials. Assuming periodic variations in the permittivity, we find that the reflection is in general anomalous. In particular, we note that the specular reflection vanishes and that the incident energy is totally reflected in the backward direction, when the conditions for resonant excitation of leaking surface waves are fulfilled.
description: 4 pages, 1 figure, to appear in Physics Letters A
Μη τεκμηριωμένες θεραπευτικές μέθοδοι και κίνδυνοι για τη δημόσια υγεία
Creators: name: Ανέστης, Δημήτριος Μιχαήλ
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2018
Subjects: Εναλλακτική & συμπληρωματική ιατρική
Ιατρική ηθική
Δημόσια υγεία
Complementary & alternative medicine
Medical ethics
Public health

description: Παρά την καθιέρωση και αναγνώριση της σημασίας της επιστημονικής τεκμηρίωσης κατά την ιατρική πρακτική, εξακολουθούν να ασκούνται μέχρι και σήμερα περισσότερες από 400 θεραπευτικές μέθοδοι που δεν ερείδονται σε αδιάσειστα στοιχεία, αλλά σε παραδόσεις, φιλοσοφικές θεωρήσεις, ακόμη και υπερφυσικές παραδοχές. Οι μέθοδοι αυτές παραμένουν δημοφιλείς, κυρίως διότι όσοι τις επιλέγουν τις θεωρούν ασφαλείς και αποτελεσματικές, αποφασίζουν με κριτήρια κατά βάση συναισθηματικά και όχι λογικά, ή διαπνέονται από ιδιάζουσες αντιλήψεις σχετικά με τη νόσο, την αντιμετώπισή της και τον βίο γενικότερα· το φαινόμενο αυτό, όμως, αποτελεί και έκφραση της δυσπιστίας με την οποία αντιμετωπίζεται η σύγχρονη ιατρική πρακτική, παρά τη σημαντική προσφορά της. Η εφαρμογή τους θέτει σε κίνδυνο τη δημόσια υγεία με πολλαπλούς τρόπους, όπως μέσω της πρόκλησης άμεσων ανεπιθύμητων ενεργειών, της καθυστέρησης της διάγνωσης και της θεραπείας των ασθενών, της υπονόμευσης της σχέσης τους με τους ιατρούς και της αμφισβήτησης καθιερωμένων ιατρικών πρακτικών εγνωσμένης και ζωτικής σημασίας. Επιπλέον, επιφέρει ευρύτερες οικονομικές και κοινωνικές συνέπειες. Από την πλευρά της Πολιτείας και της επιστημονικής κοινότητας έχει καταγραφεί ολιγωρία ως προς την αντιμετώπιση του φαινομένου και απαιτούνται άμεσες πρωτοβουλίες για την ανάσχεσή του, οι οποίες δεν περιορίζονται στο στενό ιατρικό ή νομοθετικό, αλλά εκτείνονται γενικότερα στο κοινωνικό πεδίο, προκειμένου να διαφυλαχθούν τα συμφέροντα των πολιτών
description: Despite the establishment of evidence-based medicine and the recognition of its importance, more than 400 therapeutic methods still exercised are based exclusively on tradition, philosophical considerations and supernatural assumptions, and not on irrefutable evidence. These methods retain public acceptance, mostly because they are believed to be safe and efficient, people tend to choose them based on emotional rather than rational reasoning, or because of non-conventional beliefs regarding disease, therapy and life in general; this phenomenon, however, is also an expression of disbelief in modern medical practice, in spite of its social offer. Their implementation constitutes a danger for public health in multiple ways, such as by causing direct adverse effects, delaying of patients’ diagnosis and treatment, undermining the special relationship between them and their doctors and putting in question established medical methods of vital and known value. Furthermore, it causes broad social and financial consequences. Public authorities and scientific community are insufficiently handling this problem and immediate action for its solution is needed, not limited in the medical or legal field, but in the social field in general as well, in order to serve the citizens’ best interests
Cogitative Intervention in Modeling Thinking
Creators: name: Sotirios (Sam) Karras
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 220302 Decision Theory
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion

description: There are three impulses that form our approaches. By formingour approaches direct us to our findings and developments. Webuild things on this very “own image” of our impulses. Wheredo we locate those impulses? They inhabit in our nature. Whichpart in human’s nature? in Inquiry. How do those impulseswork? In three types of approach, respectively:problematization, analyzation & systematization. They take theform of thinking, feeling, acting.
How the asymmetry of internal potential influences the shape of I-V characteristic of nanochannels
Creators: name: Kosinska, I. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Ion transport in biological and synthetic nanochannels is characterized by such phenomena as ion current fluctuations, rectification, and pumping. Recently, it has been shown that the nanofabricated synthetic pores could be considered as analogous to biological channels with respect to their transport characteristics \cite{Apel, Siwy}. The ion current rectification is analyzed. Ion transport through cylindrical nanopores is described by the Smoluchowski equation. The model is considering the symmetric nanopore with asymmetric charge distribution. In this model, the current rectification in asymmetrically charged nanochannels shows a diode-like shape of $I-V$ characteristic. It is shown that this feature may be induced by the coupling between the degree of asymmetry and the depth of internal electric potential well. The role of concentration gradient is discussed.
АҚШДА ЧЕТ ДАВЛАТ СУД ВА АРБИТРАЖ ҲАЛ ҚИЛУВ ҚАРОРЛАРИН ТАН ОЛИШ ВА ИЖРОГА ҚАРАТИШНИНГ ЎЗИГА ХОС ХУСУСИЯТЛАРИ
Creators: name: Махмудов, Хуршид
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Бугунги кунда, чет давлат суд ва арбитраж қарорларини тан олиш ва ижрога қаратиш ҳар бир давлат сиёсатида, тадбиркорлар ва хорижлик инвесторларнинг ҳуқуқлари ва манфаатларини ҳимоя қилишда муҳим роль ўйнайди, шунингдек мустаҳкам қонунчилик базасини шакллантириш муҳим аҳамият касб этади. Мазкур мақолада АҚШ томонидан чет давлат судлари қарорларини тан олиш ва ижрога қаратишнинг ҳуқуқий асослари таҳлил қилинган.
Basins with tentacles
Creators: name: Zhang, Yuanzhao
name: Strogatz, Steven H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: To explore basin geometry in high-dimensional dynamical systems, we consider a ring of identical Kuramoto oscillators. Many attractors coexist in this system; each is a twisted periodic orbit characterized by a winding number $q$, with basin size proportional to $e^{-kq^2}.$ We uncover the geometry behind this size distribution and find the basins are octopus-like, with nearly all their volume in the tentacles, not the head of the octopus (the ball-like region close to the attractor). We present a simple geometrical reason why basins with tentacles should be common in high-dimensional systems.
description: published version
Ισοκινητική ροπή των εκτεινόντων και των καμπτήρων του γόνατος από διαφορετικές λειτουργικές θέσεις του ισχίου
Creators: name: Βεκρής, Αλέξανδρος Ελευθερίου
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2018
Subjects: Τραυματισμός
Ισοκίνηση
Δικέφαλος μηριαίος
Injury
Ιsokinetics
Βices femoris

description: H αναλογία καμπτηρών/εκτεινόντων του γόνατος μας επιτρέπει να γνωρίζουμε τη σχέση των εκτεινόντων και των καμπτήρων ως αναφορά τη δύναμη που ασκούν στην άρθρωση του γόνατος. Όταν το πηλίκο τείνει προς το 1 η αναλογία είναι καλή, δηλαδή δεν υπάρχει μεγάλη διαφορά δύναμης: μυϊκή ισορροπία. Αντίθετα όταν τείνει προς το 0 η αναλογία δεν είναι καλή, καθώς σημαίνει ότι υπάρχει μεγάλη διαφορά δύναμης: μυϊκή ανισορροπία. Σκοπός της έρευνας ήταν να ελέγξουμε και να συγκρίνουμε την αναλογία των καμπτήρων προς τους εκτείνοντες του γόνατος, στην σύγκεντρη και έκκεντρη άσκηση, σε γωνιακή ταχύτητα 30⁰/s και 240⁰/s, από διαφορετική λειτουργική θέση του ισχίου (90° και 100°). Επιλέξαμε 40 φοιτητές (ΤΕΦΑΑ), 22 άντρες και 18 γυναίκες (ηλικίας 21,8 ± 2,4 ετών), με μέτρια έως αγωνιστική αθλητική δραστηριότητα (11,87 ± 6,49 ώρες προπόνησης ανά εβδομάδα) , χωρίς προηγούμενο τραυματισμό στους οπίσθιους μηριαίους. Το πρωτόκολλο περιλάμβανε 4 ασκήσεις (2 σύγκεντρες-2 έκκεντρες) οι οποίες εκτελούνταν από 2 διαφορετικές θέσεις του ισχίου. Τα αποτελέσματα έδειξαν ότι η θέση του ισχίου είχε στατιστικά σημαντική επίδραση στην ροπή των πρόσθιων μηριαίων(p<0.05), στην ροπή των οπίσθιων μηριαίων (p<0.05), και στην αναλογία των οπίσθιων προς τους πρόσθιους μηριαίους (p<0.05). Είναι πολύ πιθανό η ανίχνευση ανισορροπιών δύναμης γύρω από την άρθρωση του γόνατος να είναι πιο χρήσιμη όταν εκτελείται από μεγαλύτερη γωνία του ισχίου για την ανίχνευση τραυματισμών
description: The knee flexion / extension ratio allows us to know the relationship of the extensors and flexors as a reference to the force they exert on the knee joint. When the quotient tends to 1, the ratio is good, so there is not much difference in strength between them: muscle balance. On the contrary, when it tends towards 0, the ratio is not good, as it means there is a great difference in strength: muscle imbalance. The aim of the study was to check and compare the ratio of the flexors to the extensors, of the knee, while they do concentric and eccentric exercise at an angular velocity of 30⁰/s and 240⁰/s, from a different operating position of the hip (90 ° and 100 °). We tested 40 students (from our University), 22 men and 18 women (21.8 ± 2.4 years old) with moderate to competitive athletic activity (11.87 ± 6.49 training hours per week) without previous injury to the posterior femoral. The protocol included 4 exercises (2 concentric - 2 eccentric) performed from 2 different positions of the hip. The results showed that hip position had a statistically significant effect on the torsion of the anterior femoral (p <0.05), the torsion of the posterior femoral (p <0.05) and the ratio of posterior to anterior femoral (p <0.05). It is most likely that the detection of force imbalances around the knee joint is more useful when performed by a larger hip angle to detect injuries
Interaction of a Neel-type skyrmion and a superconducting vortex
Creators: name: Andriyakhina, E. S.
name: Burmistrov, I. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Superconductor-ferromagnet heterostructures hosting vortices and skyrmions are new area of an interplay between superconductivity and magnetism. We study an interaction of a Neel-type skyrmion and a Pearl vortex in thin heterostructures due to stray fields. Surprisingly, we find that it can be energetically favorable for the Pearl vortex to be situated at some nonzero distance from the center of the Neel-type skyrmion. The presence of a vortex-antivortex pair is found to result in increase of the skyrmion radius. Our theory predicts that a spontaneous generation of a vortex-anti-vortex pair is possible under some conditions in the presence of a Neel-type skyrmion.
description: 16 pages, 4 figures, 1 table
Martingale Option Pricing
Creators: name: McCauley, J. L.
name: Gunaratne, G. H.
name: Bassler, K. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Pricing of Securities (q-fin.PR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: We show that our generalization of the Black-Scholes partial differential equation (pde) for nontrivial diffusion coefficients is equivalent to a Martingale in the risk neutral discounted stock price. Previously, this was proven for the case of the Gaussian logarithmic returns model by Harrison and Kreps, but we prove it for much a much larger class of returns models where the diffusion coefficient depends on both returns x and time t. That option prices blow up if fat tails in logarithmic returns x are included in the market dynamics is also explained.
Temporal Patterns and Intra- and Inter-Cellular Variability in Carbon and Nitrogen Assimilation by the Unicellular Cyanobacterium Cyanothece sp. ATCC 51142
Creators: name: Polerecky, Lubos
name: Masuda, Takako
name: Eichner, Meri
name: Rabouille, Sophie
name: Vancová, Marie
name: Kienhuis, Michiel V. M.
name: Bernát, Gabor
name: Bonomi-Barufi, Jose
name: Campbell, Douglas Andrew
name: Claquin, Pascal
name: Červený, Jan
name: Giordano, Mario
name: Kotabová, Eva
name: Kromkamp, Jacco
name: Lombardi, Ana Teresa
name: Lukeš, Martin
name: Prášil, Ondrej
name: Stephan, Susanne
name: Suggett, David
name: Zavřel, Tomas
name: Halsey, Kimberly H.
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie
subject: Crocosphaera subtropica
subject: Cyanothece
subject: photosynthesis
subject: carbon fixation
subject: nitrogen fixation
subject: nanoSIMS
subject: TEM

description: Unicellular nitrogen fixing cyanobacteria (UCYN) are abundant members of phytoplankton communities in a wide range of marine environments, including those with rapidly changing nitrogen (N) concentrations. We hypothesized that differences in N availability (N2 vs. combined N) would cause UCYN to shift strategies of intracellular N and C allocation. We used transmission electron microscopy and nanoscale secondary ion mass spectrometry imaging to track assimilation and intracellular allocation of 13C-labeled CO2 and 15N-labeled N2 or NO3 at different periods across a diel cycle in Cyanothece sp. ATCC 51142. We present new ideas on interpreting these imaging data, including the influences of pre-incubation cellular C and N contents and turnover rates of inclusion bodies. Within cultures growing diazotrophically, distinct subpopulations were detected that fixed N2 at night or in the morning. Additional significant within-population heterogeneity was likely caused by differences in the relative amounts of N assimilated into cyanophycin from sources external and internal to the cells. Whether growing on N2 or NO3, cells prioritized cyanophycin synthesis when N assimilation rates were highest. N assimilation in cells growing on NO3 switched from cyanophycin synthesis to protein synthesis, suggesting that once a cyanophycin quota is met, it is bypassed in favor of protein synthesis. Growth on NO3 also revealed that at night, there is a very low level of CO2 assimilation into polysaccharides simultaneous with their catabolism for protein synthesis. This study revealed multiple, detailed mechanisms underlying C and N management in Cyanothece that facilitate its success in dynamic aquatic environments.
[Recordings of Indigenous California songs]
Creators: name: Alston, Harry
name: Atwell, Josie
name: Bethel, Eleanor
name: Chiatovich, Evelyn
name: Chiatovich, Roy
name: Chiatovich, Roy
name: Garcia Pohot, Mary
name: Kinney, Sam
name: Manuel, Leon
name: Pomona, Molly
name: Williams, Minnie
name: Pietroforte, Alfred
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: pao
subject: yok
subject: mnr

description: 1 WAV file. 25 song recordings: 12 in Tachi (July 5, 1959 and other unknown date; Lemoore), 2 in Mono (July 7, 1959), 2 in Wikchamni (July 10, 1959; Springville), 9 in Northern Paiute (December 21, 1959 and other unknown date; Bishop). 1) Song of the Snowflakes, 2) Pow Wow Dance Song (Pomona; Mono); 3) Song of Tulare Lake (Manuel and Atwell; Tachi); 4) Sourdock Song, 5) Morning Song, 6) The Mountain Lion Song, 7) Song of the Fleet-footed Deer, 8) Song of the Fish Crane, 9) Home Sweet Home, 10) Community Ring Dance, 11) Ghost Song, 12) Magpie Song (Manuel; Tachi); 13) Wukchamni Dance Song (Garcia Pohot; Wikchamni); 14) Cry Dance Song, 15) Cry Dance Song, 16) Circle Dance Song, 17) Paiute Hand Game Song, 18) War Dance Song, 19) Song of the Happy Indian (Kinney; Northern Paiute); 20) Song for Grinding Acorns (Atwell; Tachi); 21) Song of the Eagle (Manuel and Atwell; Tachi); 22) Hand Game Song, 23) Hand Game Song (Alston, Bethel, Chiatovich, Chiatovich, Shaw, Williams; Northern Paiute); 24) The Whirlwind Song (Garcia Pohot; Wikchamni); 25) Hand Game Song (R. Chiatovich; Northern Paiute). Tape is compilation of Pietroforte's original recordings (Side A) and recording sent to him by Catherine Ware (Side B).