cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Impact of Business technologies on the success of Ecommerce Strategies: SMEs Perspective
Creators: name: Almtiri, Z. H. A
name: Miah, S. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The primary task of the study is to inspect the affiliation between the implementation of technology and e-commerce success. It is imperative to study such an important relationship that directly impacts the rapid growth of Internet technology, new dimensions of e-services, and innovative measures that are necessary factors for electronic commerce operations. Despite most Saudi Arabia retailers being aware of technological advancements, existing research reveals several challenges that hinder the adoption of e-commerce strategies, including the cost of installation and training. The advantages of e-commerce are frequently shown in recent studies. Internet technologies development has narrowed the difference between traditional trade and online business grounds, with additional traditional markets moving to online platforms. The Saudi Arabia community has been recognized as a potential hub for advancing technology-based programs, particularly e-commerce.
Accelerating COVID-19 Differential Diagnosis with Explainable Ultrasound Image Analysis
Creators: name: Born, Jannis
name: Wiedemann, Nina
name: Brändle, Gabriel
name: Buhre, Charlotte
name: Rieck, Bastian
name: Borgwardt, Karsten
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Databases (cs.DB)
subject: Digital Libraries (cs.DL)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Controlling the COVID-19 pandemic largely hinges upon the existence of fast, safe, and highly-available diagnostic tools. Ultrasound, in contrast to CT or X-Ray, has many practical advantages and can serve as a globally-applicable first-line examination technique. We provide the largest publicly available lung ultrasound (US) dataset for COVID-19 consisting of 106 videos from three classes (COVID-19, bacterial pneumonia, and healthy controls); curated and approved by medical experts. On this dataset, we perform an in-depth study of the value of deep learning methods for differential diagnosis of COVID-19. We propose a frame-based convolutional neural network that correctly classifies COVID-19 US videos with a sensitivity of 0.98+-0.04 and a specificity of 0.91+-08 (frame-based sensitivity 0.93+-0.05, specificity 0.87+-0.07). We further employ class activation maps for the spatio-temporal localization of pulmonary biomarkers, which we subsequently validate for human-in-the-loop scenarios in a blindfolded study with medical experts. Aiming for scalability and robustness, we perform ablation studies comparing mobile-friendly, frame- and video-based architectures and show reliability of the best model by aleatoric and epistemic uncertainty estimates. We hope to pave the road for a community effort toward an accessible, efficient and interpretable screening method and we have started to work on a clinical validation of the proposed method. Data and code are publicly available.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures
Fluctuation symmetries for work and heat
Creators: name: Baiesi, Marco
name: Jacobs, Tim
name: Maes, Christian
name: Skantzos, Nikos S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a particle dragged through a medium at constant temperature as described by a Langevin equation with a time-dependent potential. The time-dependence is specified by an external protocol. We give conditions on potential and protocol under which the dissipative work satisfies an exact symmetry in its fluctuations for all times. We also present counter examples to that exact fluctuation symmetry when our conditions are not satisfied. Finally, we consider the dissipated heat which differs from the work by a temporal boundary term. We explain when and why there can be a correction to the standard fluctuation theorem due to the unboundedness of that temporal boundary. However, the corrected fluctuation symmetry has again a general validity.
description: 10 pages, 4 figures (v2: minor typographic corrections)
Black String in the Standard Model
Creators: name: Hamada, Yu
name: Hamada, Yuta
name: Kimura, Hayate
Publisher: name: Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, DESY, Hamburg
Year: 2025

description: The Swampland cobordism conjecture predicts various new objects in a theory with dynamical gravity. Applying this idea to the Standard Model of particle physics, a string object is predicted. We numerically constructed such an object as a black string solution.
Lateral depletion effect on two-dimensional ordering of bacteriorhodopsins in a lipid bilayer: A theoretical study based on a binary hard-disk model
Creators: name: Suda, Keiju
name: Suematsu, Ayumi
name: Akiyama, Ryo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: J.2
subject: 82B05, 82B26

description: The two-dimensional ordering of bacteriorhodopsins in a lipid bilayer was studied using a binary hard-disk model. The phase diagrams were calculated, taking into account the lateral depletion effects. The critical concentrations of the protein ordering for the monomers and the trimers were obtained from the phase diagrams. The critical concentration ratio agreed well with the experiment when the repulsive core interaction between the depletants, namely the lipids, was taken into account. The results suggest that the depletion effect plays an important role in the association behaviors of transmembrane proteins.
description: 12 pages, 4 figures
A Level Set Analysis of the Witten Spinor with Applications to Curvature Estimates
Creators: name: Finster, Felix
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the level sets of the norm of the Witten spinor in an asymptotically flat Riemannian spin manifold of positive scalar curvature. Level sets of small area are constructed. We prove curvature estimates which quantify that, if the total mass becomes small, the manifold becomes flat with the exception of a set of small surface area. These estimates involve either a volume bound or a spectral bound for the Dirac operator on a conformal compactification, but they are independent of the isoperimetric constant.
description: 15 pages, LaTeX (published version)
title: The virginals of Benedetto Floriani (Venice, fl.1568–1572) and a proposal for a new attribution
Creators: name: Rossi Rognoni, G.
Publisher: name: The Galpin Society
Year: 2015

description: This article discusses and compares five late sixteenth-century Venetian polygonal virginals attributable to the workshop of Benedetto Floriani. Three dated instruments survive with the name of this maker inscribed on the namebatten; one was attributed to this maker in 1991, since when the attribution has been questioned; and a recently discovered virginal in Florence is presented here and attributed to Floriani for the first time. The analysis of the decoration, baseboard measurements, scaling, string spacing, and mouldings are carried out with the aim of identifying the distinctive features of the work of this maker. It is also hoped that this will provide a paradigmatic method for the attribution of unsigned keyboard instruments.
Exposure to the heated tobacco product IQOS generates apoptosis-mediated pulmonary emphysema in murine lungs
Creators: name: Nitta, Naoko
name: Sato, Tadashi
name: Komura, Moegi
name: Yoshikawa, Hitomi
name: Suzuki, Yohei
name: Mitsui, Aki
name: Kuwasaki, Eriko
name: Takahashi, Fumiyuki
name: Kodama, Yuzo
name: Seyama, Kuniaki
name: Takahashi, Kazuhisa
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 110203 Respiratory Diseases
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: This is the additional data of the manuscript "Exposure to the heated tobacco product IQOS generates apoptosis-mediated pulmonary emphysema in murine lungs."
-Online supplement data-Gene list of Fig.6A-Gene symbols in order from top to bottom of Fig.6B
An XMM-Newton Observation of the Local Bubble Using a Shadowing Filament in the Southern Galactic Hemisphere
Creators: name: Henley, David B.
name: Shelton, Robin L.
name: Kuntz, K. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an analysis of the X-ray spectrum of the Local Bubble, obtained by simultaneously analyzing spectra from two XMM-Newton pointings on and off an absorbing filament in the Southern galactic hemisphere (b ~ -45 deg). We use the difference in the Galactic column density in these two directions to deduce the contributions of the unabsorbed foreground emission due to the Local Bubble, and the absorbed emission from the Galactic halo and the extragalactic background. We find the Local Bubble emission is consistent with emission from a plasma in collisional ionization equilibrium with a temperature $\log T_{LB} = 6.06^{+0.02}_{-0.04}$ and an emission measure of 0.018 cm^{-6} pc. Our measured temperature is in good agreement with values obtained from ROSAT All-Sky Survey data, but is lower than that measured by other recent XMM-Newton observations of the Local Bubble, which find $\log T_{LB} \approx 6.2$ (although for some of these observations it is possible that the foreground emission is contaminated by non-Local Bubble emission from Loop I). The higher temperature observed towards other directions is inconsistent with our data, when combined with a FUSE measurement of the Galactic halo O VI intensity. This therefore suggests that the Local Bubble is thermally anisotropic. Our data are unable to rule out a non-equilibrium model in which the plasma is underionized. However, an overionized recombining plasma model, while observationally acceptable for certain densities and temperatures, generally gives an implausibly young age for the Local Bubble ($\la 6 \times 10^5$ yr).
description: Accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal. 16 pages, 9 figures
Free electron nonlinearities in heavily doped semiconductors plasmonics
Creators: name: De Luca, Federico
name: Ortolani, Michele
name: Ciracì, Cristian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Heavily doped semiconductors have emerged as tunable low-loss plasmonic materials at mid-infrared frequencies. In this article we investigate nonlinear optical phenomena associated with high concentration of free electrons. We use a hydrodynamic description to study free electron dynamics in heavily doped semiconductors up to third-order terms, which are usually negligible for noble metals. We find that cascaded third-harmonic generation due to second-harmonic signals can be as strong as direct third-harmonic generation contributions even when the second-harmonic generation efficiency is zero. Moreover, we show that when coupled with plasmonic enhancement free electron nonlinearities could be up to two orders of magnitude larger than conventional semiconductor nonlinearities. Our study might open a new route for nonlinear optical integrated devices at mid-infrared frequencies.
title: Organology and the others: a political perspective
Creators: name: Rossi Rognoni, G.
Publisher: name: American Musical Instrument Society
Year: 2019

description: Over the past decade, an unprecedented number of proposals have been put forward advocating for a renovation of the aims, perspectives and methods of organology. In a mostly uncoordinated, but consistent methodological debate, several of them were specifically presented as a break, or at least a marked shift from ‘traditional organology’, and made clear their intention to propose a different perspective to the study of musical instruments through the adoption of new names: ‘new organology’ (a term used by a 2001 conference on Japanese instruments, and also by Roda), ‘lived organology’ (Hoosmanrad), ‘general organology’ (Stiegler), ‘new critical organology’(Sonevytsky), ‘cultural organology’ (Johnston), ‘critical organology’ (Dolan), and ‘biographical organology’ (Hoosmanrad) just to mention a few.
Exciton Ionization, Franz-Keldysh and Stark Effects in Carbon Nanotubes
Creators: name: Perebeinos, Vasili
name: Avouris, Phaedon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate the optical properties of carbon nanotubes in an external static electric field directed along the tube axis. We predict strong Franz-Keldysh oscillations in the first and second band-to-band absorption peaks, quadratic Stark effect of the first two excitons, and the field dependence of the bound exciton ionization rate for a wide range of tube chiralities. We find that the phonon assisted mechanism dominates the dissociation rate in electro-optical devices due to the hot optical phonons. We predict a quadratic dependence of the Sommerfeld factor on the electric field and its increase up to 2000% at the critical field of the full exciton dissociation.
description: 12 pages, 5 figures, Nano Letters (2007)
Erupting Magnetic Flux Rope Affects Running Penumbral Waves
Creators: name: Wang, Wensi
name: Liu, Rui
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is well known that solar flares have broad impacts on the low atmosphere, but it is largely unknown how they affect sunspot waves and oscillations. It is also under debate as to whether the flare-induced photospheric changes are due to the momentum conservation with coronal mass ejections or due to magnetic reconnection. To shed light on the so-called "back reaction" of solar eruptions, we investigated how running penumbral waves (RPWs) at one foot of an erupting magnetic flux rope (MFR) responds to the rope buildup and subsequent erosion. During the rope-buildup stage, the western foot of the rope, which is completely enclosed by a hooked ribbon, expands rapidly and consequently overlaps a sunspot penumbra. This converts the original penumbral field into the rope field, which is associated with a transient increase in electric currents flowing through the ribbon-swept penumbral region. During the rope-erosion stage, the rope foot shrinks as the eastern section of the hooked ribbon slowly sweeps the same penumbral region, where the rope field is converted into flare loops. This conversion induces mixed effects on the photospheric field inclination but heats up the low atmosphere at the footpoints of these flare loops to transition-region temperatures, therefore resulting in the post-eruption RPWs with an enhanced contrast in the 1600A passband and an extended bandwidth to low frequencies at 3-5 mHz, compared with the pre-eruption RPWs that peak at 6 mHz. This observation clearly demonstrates that it is the magnetic reconnection in the corona that impacts the low atmosphere and leads to the changing behaviors of RPWs, which, in turn, offer a new window to diagnose flare reconnections.
description: Accepted for publication in A&A
Note on spin-orbit interactions in nuclei and hypernuclei
Creators: name: Kaiser, N.
name: Weise, W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A detailed comparison is made between the spin-orbit interactions in $Λ$ hypernuclei and ordinary nuclei. We argue that there are three major contributions to the spin-orbit interaction: 1) a short-range component involving scalar and vector mean fields; 2) a ''wrong-sign'' spin-orbit term generated by the pion exchange tensor force in second order; and 3) a three-body term induced by two-pion exchange with excitation of virtual $Δ(1232)$-isobars (a la Fujita-Miyazawa). For nucleons in nuclei the long-range pieces related to the pion-exchange dynamics tend to cancel, leaving room dominantly for spin-orbit mechanisms of short-range origin (parametrized e.g. in terms of relativistic scalar and vector mean fields terms). In contrast, the absence of an analogous $2π$-exchange three-body contribution for $Λ$ hyperons in hypernuclei leads to an almost complete cancellation between the short-range (relativistic mean-field) component and the ''wrong-sign'' spin-orbit interaction generated by second order $π$-exchange with an intermediate $Σ$ hyperon. These different balancing mechanisms between short- and long-range components are able to explain simultaneously the very strong spin-orbit interaction in ordinary nuclei and the remarkably weak spin-orbit splitting in $Λ$ hypernuclei.
description: 10 pages, 7 figures, to be published in Nuclear Physics A, Special Issue on "Strangeness Nuclear Physics (ed. A. Gal)
Proposal and Proof-of-Principle Demonstration of Fast-Switching Broadband Frequency-Shifting for a Frequency-Multiplexed Quantum Repeater
Creators: name: Wang, Peng-Cheng
name: Pietx-Casas, Oriol
name: Askarani, Mohsen Falamarzi
name: Amaral, Gustavo Castro do
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A proposal for fast-switching broadband frequency-shifting technology making use of frequency conversion in a nonlinear crystal is set forth, whereby the shifting is imparted to the converted photons by creating a bank of frequency-displaced pump modes that can be selected by a photonic switch and directed to the nonlinear crystal. Proof-of-principle results show that the expected frequency-shifting operation can be achieved. Even though the dimensions of the currently employed crystal and significant excess loss in the experimental setup prevented conversion of single-photon-level inputs, thorough experimental and theoretical analysis of the noise contribution allowed for the estimation of the system performance in an optimized scenario, where the expected signal-to-noise ratio for single-photon conversion and frequency-shifting can reach up to 25 dB with proper narrow-band filtering and state-of-the-art devices. The proposed frequency-shifting solution figures as a promising candidate for applications in frequency-multiplexed quantum repeater architectures with 25 dB output SNR (with 20\% conversion efficiency) and capacity for 16 channels spread around a 100 GHz spectral region.
description: 7 pages, 7 figures
Magnetization, Nernst effect and vorticity in the cuprates
Creators: name: Li, Lu
name: Wang, Yayu
name: Naughton, M. J.
name: Komiya, Seiki
name: Ono, Shimpei
name: Ando, Yoichi
name: Ong, N. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Nernst and magnetization experiments reveal the existence of a large region of the cuprate phase diagram above the $T_c$ curve in which vorticity and weak diamagnetism exist without phase coherence. We discuss the implication that the transition at $T_c$ is caused by the loss of long-range phase coherence caused by spontaneous vortex creation. Below $T_c$, these measurements provide an estimate of the depairing field $H_{c2}$ which is found to be very large (40-100 T depending on doping). We discuss the high-field Nernst and magnetization results, binding energy, and the phase diagram of hole-doped cuprates. Some new magnetization results on the vortex liquid in very underdoped LSCO in the limit $T\to 0$ are reported as well.
description: Symposium talk, Int. Conf. Magnetism Kyoto 2006, 6.3 pages, 7 figures
Anaerobic metabolism during sub-maximal swimming in salmonids
Creators: name: Burgetz, Ingrid Joanna
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: The extent of anaerobic metabolism required to support sub-maximal swimming below the critical swimming speed (Ucrit) in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) was investigated by monitoring the concentration of lactate and phosphocreatine within the white muscle. Trout were swum to 70%, 80% and 100% of Ucrit. Lactate and phosphocreatine were measured using conventional methods, from the white muscle of exercised trout and sockeye salmon (O. nerka), and the chemical shift of inorganic phosphate (Pi) and quantity of phosphocreatine from the muscle were determined using ³¹P nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. The predictive relationship between lactate and Pi is described by the second-order regression equation: lactate (ɥmols g⁻¹ tissue)=856.38-306.67*Pi+27.80*Pi² (r²=0.834). The relationship between the phosphocreatine (PCr) estimate obtained using ³¹P-NMR and the concentration of intramuscular PCr is described by the equation: PCr (ɥmols g⁻¹ tissue)=0.562+0.021 *PCr (ppm) (r²=0.800). Estimates of lactate and PCr were obtained from trout exercised to 0% (rest), 70%, 80%) and 100% Ucrit, using these relationships. Anaerobic metabolism, as determined by lactate concentration, is required to support activity at and above 70% of Ucrit. With increasing exercise, the concentration of lactate also increased, indicating increased anaerobic metabolism. Additionally, the concentration of lactate and phosphocreatine varies along the length of the body. The energy associated with anaerobic metabolism during sub-maximal swimming was estimated and found to be significant.
REVIEW on the monograph of Associate Professor, Candidate of Law, Head of the Department of Criminal Procedure and Criminalistics of the Law Faculty of the Kazan Federal University Igor Olegovich Antonov on the topic: “Fundamentals of Investigation of Fraud”, published in Kazan, in 2001 by the publishing house of Kazan University.
Creators: name: Shoshin, Serguei
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 180102 Access to Justice
subject: FOS: Law
subject: 180103 Administrative Law
subject: 220102 Business Ethics
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: 180104 Civil Law and Procedure
subject: 180105 Commercial and Contract Law
subject: 180110 Criminal Law and Procedure
subject: 220204 History and Philosophy of Law and Justice
subject: 220104 Human Rights and Justice Issues
subject: 130205 Humanities and Social Sciences Curriculum and Pedagogy (excl. Economics, Business and Management)
subject: FOS: Educational sciences
subject: Law
subject: 189999 Law and Legal Studies not elsewhere classified
subject: 180119 Law and Society
subject: 180199 Law not elsewhere classified
subject: 220105 Legal Ethics
subject: 180120 Legal Institutions (incl. Courts and Justice Systems)
subject: 180121 Legal Practice, Lawyering and the Legal Profession
subject: 180122 Legal Theory, Jurisprudence and Legal Interpretation
subject: 180123 Litigation, Adjudication and Dispute Resolution
subject: 220107 Professional Ethics (incl. police and research ethics)
subject: 180126 Tort Law

description: Traditionally, the detection, disclosure and investigation of crimes associated with various forms of fraud attracts numerous researchers. The monograph under review contains some new aspects for such activities. The peculiarities of modeling and programming of search activity created by the author are interesting. The dictionary of lexical forms used by fraudsters contained in the appendix to the monograph deserves special attention.
Counting valence quarks at RHIC and LHC
Creators: name: Maiani, L.
name: Polosa, A. D.
name: Riquer, V.
name: Salgado, C. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the Nuclear Modification Ratios in heavy ion collisions, R_CP and R_AA, in the region of intermediate transverse momentum, and study the dependency upon the constituent quark composition of the observed hadron. Adopting a two component recombination/fragmentation model, validated by experimental information from STAR and PHENIX, we show that a clear distinction is predicted for the f0(980) between the assumptions of $s\bar s$ or diquark-antidiquark content.
description: 14 pages, 11 eps figures, added figures and minor corrections, to appear in Phys. Lett. B
Goal-driven Command Recommendations for Analysts
Creators: name: Aggarwal, Samarth
name: Garg, Rohin
name: Sancheti, Abhilasha
name: Guda, Bhanu Prakash Reddy
name: Burhanuddin, Iftikhar Ahamath
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Recent times have seen data analytics software applications become an integral part of the decision-making process of analysts. The users of these software applications generate a vast amount of unstructured log data. These logs contain clues to the user's goals, which traditional recommender systems may find difficult to model implicitly from the log data. With this assumption, we would like to assist the analytics process of a user through command recommendations. We categorize the commands into software and data categories based on their purpose to fulfill the task at hand. On the premise that the sequence of commands leading up to a data command is a good predictor of the latter, we design, develop, and validate various sequence modeling techniques. In this paper, we propose a framework to provide goal-driven data command recommendations to the user by leveraging unstructured logs. We use the log data of a web-based analytics software to train our neural network models and quantify their performance, in comparison to relevant and competitive baselines. We propose a custom loss function to tailor the recommended data commands according to the goal information provided exogenously. We also propose an evaluation metric that captures the degree of goal orientation of the recommendations. We demonstrate the promise of our approach by evaluating the models with the proposed metric and showcasing the robustness of our models in the case of adversarial examples, where the user activity is misaligned with selected goal, through offline evaluation.
description: 14th ACM Conference on Recommender Systems (RecSys 2020)
Rare region effects at classical, quantum, and non-equilibrium phase transitions
Creators: name: Vojta, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Rare regions, i.e., rare large spatial disorder fluctuations, can dramatically change the properties of a phase transition in a quenched disordered system. In generic classical equilibrium systems, they lead to an essential singularity, the so-called Griffiths singularity, of the free energy in the vicinity of the phase transition. Stronger effects can be observed at zero-temperature quantum phase transitions, at nonequilibrium phase transitions, and in systems with correlated disorder. In some cases, rare regions can actually completely destroy the sharp phase transition by smearing. This topical review presents a unifying framework for rare region effects at weakly disordered classical, quantum, and nonequilibrium phase transitions based on the effective dimensionality of the rare regions. Explicit examples include disordered classical Ising and Heisenberg models, insulating and metallic random quantum magnets, and the disordered contact process.
description: Topical review, 68 pages, 14 figures, final version as published
title: Recenzja: "Polska w niestabilnej gospodarce europejskiej i globalnej: problemy polityki gospodarczej i rozwoju" / Krzysztof Rybiński (red.). Warszawa: Akademia Finansów i Biznesu Vistula, 2013. ISBN: 978-8387444730
Creators: name: Pawłuszko, Tomasz
name: Digitale Wissenschaftsplattform Pol-Int (Www.Pol-Int.Org)
Publisher: name: Europa-Universität Viadrina Frankfurt
Year: 2021

description: „Polska w niestabilnej gospodarce europejskiej i globalnej" jest książką przygotowaną przez jedno środowisko naukowe. Składa się ze wstępu i jedenastu rozdziałów, poświęconych różnym aspektom polityki gospodarczej i rozwoju. Autorzy problematyzują istotne zagadnienia z poznawczego i praktycznego punktu widzenia. Otrzymujemy więc analizy poświęcone zmianom gospodarczego układu sił na świecie, artykuł poświęcony relatywnemu wzrostowi pozycji Polski na tle państw Unii Europejskiej i świata, studia poświęcone polityce pieniężnej, gospodarczej i innowacyjnej w Polsce, jak również kwestiom finansowym i rynkowi pracy. Następnie przedłożone są dwie analizy poświęcone problemom firm w gospodarce europejskiej oraz zjawisku controllingu, który może być wykorzystany jako narzędzie zabezpieczające instytucje przed zjawiskami kryzysowymi. Dwa ostatnie teksty w tym tomie dotyczą sukcesów gospodarczych w wybranych państwach azjatyckich. Otrzymujemy więc liczne, niedługie, ale i przekrojowe opracowania na temat współcześnie dyskutowanych kwestii gospodarczych. Ta kompleksowość jest z pewnością zaletą książki, z drugiej jednak strony rozdziały są raczej luźno powiązane ze sobą. Publikację wieńczą streszczenia w języku polskim i angielskim.
Astrophysical Origins of the Highest Energy Cosmic Rays
Creators: name: Inoue, Susumu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Theoretical aspects of potential astrophysical sources of the highest energy cosmic rays are discussed, including their energy budget and some issues on particle escape and propagation. After briefly addressing AGN jets and GRBs, we highlight the possibility of heavy nuclei originating from cluster accretion shocks. The importance of X-ray and gamma-ray signatures in addition to neutrinos as diagnostic tools for source identification is emphasized.
description: Invited talk at the International Workshop on Energy Budget in the High Energy Universe, Kashiwa, Japan, 2006; updated version, 11 pages, 5 figures; replaced with correct Fig.1
INTEGRAL/IBIS all-sky survey in hard X-rays
Creators: name: Krivonos, R.
name: Revnivtsev, M.
name: Lutovinov, A.
name: Sazonov, S.
name: Churazov, E.
name: Sunyaev, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present results of an all-sky hard X-ray survey based on almost four years of observations with the IBIS telescope on board the INTEGRAL observatory. The dead time-corrected exposure of the survey is ~33 Ms. Approximately 12% and 80% of the sky have been covered to limiting fluxes lower than 1 and 5 mCrab, respectively. Our catalog of detected sources includes 400 objects, 339 of which exceed a 5 sigma detection threshold on the time-averaged map of the sky and the rest were detected in various subsamples of exposures. Among the identified sources, 213 are Galactic (87 low-mass X-ray binaries, 74 high-mass X-ray binaries, 21 cataclysmic variables, 6 coronally active stars, and other types) and 136 are extragalactic, including 131 active galactic nuclei (AGNs) and 3 clusters of galaxies. We obtained number-flux functions for AGNs and Galactic sources. The logN-logS relation of AGNs (excluding blazars) is based on 69 sources with fluxes higher than S_lim=1.1 x 10^{-11} erg/s/cm^2 (~0.8 mCrab) in the 17-60 keV energy band. The cumulative number-flux function of AGNs located at Galactic latitudes $|b|>5^\circ$, where the survey is characterized by high identification completeness, can be described by a power law with a slope of 1.62 +/- 0.15 and normalization of (5.7 +/- 0.7) x 10^{-3} sources per deg^2 at fluxes >1.43 x 10^{-11} erg/s/cm^2 (>1 mCrab). AGNs with fluxes higher than S_lim make up ~1% of the cosmic X-ray background at 17-60 keV. We present evidence of strong inhomogeneity in the spatial distribution of nearby (<70 Mpc) AGNs, which reflects the large-scale structure in the local Universe.
description: 18 pages, 11 figures. Submitted to A&A
A prospective study of child adjustment to cardiac procedures: the contributions of coping and recovery expectations
Creators: name: Gilbert, Cheryl Alison
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: This study had three purposes. One, it examined the impact of Congenital Heart Disease (CHD) on both children's and parents' psychosocial adjustment and children's coping as compared to healthy controls. Two, it looked at the roles child pre-operative psychosocial adjustment, coping, and expectations for recovery play in predicting postoperative and in-hospital adjustment, short-term recovery, and fimctional disability and three, it investigated the relationship between parental pre-operative adjustment, coping, expectations for children's recovery, and post-operative adjustment. In total, 39 children and their parents participated in the study. Twenty-one children diagnosed with CHD who were undergoing either surgery or catheterization comprised the cardiac group and 18 healthy children, matched on age, gender, and location comprised the control sample. Results demonstrated that children with moderate levels of CHD and their parents are no more vulnerable when confronting life demands than healthy children and their parents. In regard to the second purpose of the study, results showed that child pre-operative adjustment was the best predictor of post-operative adjustment and in-hosptial adjustment, although it played an insignificant role in predicting short-term recovery, or functional disability. Coping and expectations appeared to mediate post-operative behavior problems and in-hospital adjustment. The best predictor of parent post-operative adjustment, the third purpose, was pre-operative adjustment.
The sonic scale revealed by the world's largest supersonic turbulence simulation
Creators: name: Federrath, Christoph
name: Klessen, Ralf S.
name: Iapichino, Luigi
name: Beattie, James R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Understanding the physics of turbulence is crucial for many applications, including weather, industry, and astrophysics. In the interstellar medium (ISM), supersonic turbulence plays a crucial role in controlling the gas density and velocity structure, and ultimately the birth of stars. Here we present a simulation of interstellar turbulence with a grid resolution of 10048^3 cells that allows us to determine the position and width of the sonic scale (l_s) - the transition from supersonic to subsonic turbulence. The simulation simultaneously resolves the supersonic and subsonic cascade, v(l) ~ l^p, where we measure p_sup = 0.49 +/- 0.01 and p_sub = 0.39 +/- 0.02, respectively. We find that l_s agrees with the relation l_s / L = phi_s Mach^(-1/p_sup), where Mach is the three-dimensional Mach number, and L is either the driving scale of turbulence or the diameter of a molecular cloud. If L is the driving scale, we measure phi_s = 0.42 (+0.12) (-0.09), primarily because of the separation between the driving scale and the start of the supersonic cascade. For a supersonic cascade extending beyond the cloud scale, we get phi_s = 0.91 (+0.25) (-0.20). In both cases, phi_s < 1, because we find that the supersonic cascade transitions smoothly to the subsonic cascade over a factor of 3 in scale, instead of a sharp transition. Our measurements provide quantitative input for turbulence-regulated models of filament structure and star formation in molecular clouds.
description: 22 pages, 9 figures, Nat Astron (2021)
Note on a conjecture of Bateman and Diamond concerning the abstract PNT with Malliavin-type remainder
Creators: name: Broucke, Frederik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary 11M41, 11N80 (Primary) 11M26, 11N05 (Secondary)

description: Given $β\in(0,1)$, we show the existence of a Beurling generalized number system whose integer counting satisfies $N(x) = ax + O\bigl(x\exp(-c\log^β x)\bigr)$ for some $a>0$ and $c>0$, and whose prime counting function satisfies $π(x) = \mathrm{Li}(x) + Ω\bigl(x\exp(-c'(\log x)^{\fracβ{β+1}})\bigr)$ for some $c'>0$. This is done by generalizing a construction of Diamond, Montgomery, and Vorhauer. This Beurling system serves as additional motivation for a conjecture of Bateman and Diamond from 1969, concerning the PNT with Malliavin-type remainder.
description: 11 pages
Complex Periodic Potentials with a Finite Number of Band Gaps
Creators: name: Khare, Avinash
name: Sukhatme, Uday
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We obtain several new results for the complex generalized associated Lame potential V(x)= a(a+1)m sn^2(y,m)+ b(b+1)m sn^2(y+K(m),m) + f(f+1)m sn^2(y+K(m)+iK'(m),m)+ g(g+1)m sn^2(y+iK'(m),m), where y = x-K(m)/2-iK'(m)/2, sn(y,m) is a Jacobi elliptic function with modulus parameter m, and there are four real parameters a,b,f,g. First, we derive two new duality relations which, when coupled with a previously obtained duality relation, permit us to relate the band edge eigenstates of the 24 potentials obtained by permutations of the four parameters a,b,f,g. Second, we pose and answer the question: how many independent potentials are there with a finite number "a" of band gaps when a,b,f,g are integers? For these potentials, we clarify the nature of the band edge eigenfunctions. We also obtain several analytic results when at least one of the four parameters is a half-integer. As a by-product, we also obtain new solutions of Heun's differential equation.
description: 33 pages, 0 figures
The Stellar Populations of M33's Outer Regions II: Deep ACS Imaging
Creators: name: Barker, Michael K.
name: Sarajedini, Ata
name: Geisler, Doug
name: Harding, Paul
name: Schommer, Robert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Studying the stellar populations in the outskirts of spiral galaxies can provide important constraints on their structure, formation, and evolution. To that end, we present VI photometry obtained with the Advanced Camera for Surveys for three fields located ~ 20' - 30' in projected distance southeast of M33's nucleus (corresponding to ~ 4 - 6 visual scale lengths or ~ 9 - 13 kpc in deprojected radius). The color-magnitude diagrams reveal a mixed stellar population whose youngest constituents have ages no greater than ~ 100 Myr and whose oldest members have ages of at least several Gyr. The presence of stars as massive as 3 - 5 Msun is consistent with global star formation thresholds in disk galaxies but could argue for a threshold in M33 that is on the low end of observational and theoretical expectations. The metallicity gradient as inferred by comparing the observed red giant branch (RGB) to the Galactic globular clusters is consistent with M33's inner disk gradient traced by several other studies. The surface density of RGB stars drops off exponentially with a radial scale length of 4.7' +/- 0.1'. The scale length increases with age in a manner similar to the vertical scale height of several nearby late-type spirals. Based on the metallicity gradient, density gradient, and mixed nature of the stellar populations, we conclude these fields are dominated by a disk population although we cannot rule out the presence of a small halo component.
description: Accepted for publication in AJ. 14 pages total, 20 figures, 2 tables, uses emulateapj.cls, high resolution version available at http://www.astro.ufl.edu/~mbarker/astroph/msII.pdf
title: Review: "The Past in the Present. The Construction of Polish History" / Robert Traba. Frankfurt am Main: Peter Lang, 2015. ISBN: 978-3-631-64047-0
Creators: name: Rossmiller, Ela
name: Digitale Wissenschaftsplattform Pol-Int (Www.Pol-Int.Org)
Publisher: name: Europa-Universität Viadrina Frankfurt
Year: 2021

description: The Present in the Past is a compilation of previously-published work by noted historian and political scientist, Robert Traba. It includes material from two earlier books published in Polish, Historia przestrzeń dialogu (2006) and Przeszłość w teraźniejszości. Polskie spory o historię na początku XXI wieku (2009), as well as two articles published in 2013. Although its contents are not new to Polish-speaking readers, the book introduces English-speaking audiences to the seminal works of a key contributor to Poland's "memory boom."
Intra-jet correlations of high-$p_t$ hadrons from STAR
Creators: name: Putschke, Joern
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Systematic measurements of pseudorapidity ($Δη$) and azimuthal ($Δϕ$) correlations between high-$p_t$ charged hadrons in $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$=200 GeV Au+Au collisions are presented. An enhancement of correlated yield at large $Δη$ on the near-side is observed. This effect persists up to trigger $p_{t}^{trig}$ $\sim$ 9 GeV/c, indicating that it is associated with jet production. More detailed analysis suggests distinct short-range and long-range components in the correlation.
description: 4 pages, 5 figures, presented at the 19th International Conference on Ultra-Relativistic Nucleus-Nucleus Collisions, "Quark Matter 2006", Shanghai, China, November 14-20, 2006
title: Review: "Europejskie inspiracje w pracach polskiego chemika Ignacego Fonberga (1801–1891): studium historyczno-metodologiczne" / Stefan Zamecki. Warszawa: Instytut Historii Nauki im. Ludwika i Aleksandra Birkenmajerów Polskiej Akademii Nauk, 2015. ISBN: 9788387992859
Creators: name: Dolecki, Marcin
name: Digitale Wissenschaftsplattform Pol-Int (Www.Pol-Int.Org)
Publisher: name: Europa-Universität Viadrina Frankfurt
Year: 2021

description: Europejskie inspiracje…, written by one of the best contemporary historians of chemistry in Poland Stefan Zamecki, is a first monograph dedicated to the work and life of Ignacy Fonberg (born on 20 January 1801 in Bielsk Podlaski, died in October 1891 in Kiev). Fonberg was a professor of chemistry at the University of Vilnius (1822–32), then at the Medico-Surgical Academy in that city (1832–40), and later at the St. Vladimir University of Kiev (1840-59). He was a student of one of the most eminent Polish naturalists in the first half of the 19th century, Jędrzej Śniadecki (1768-1838). Proliferous author in his youth, after moving to Kiev Fonberg published very little, devoting himself primarily to pedagogical and organizational work. In total, he authored around 35 publications.
Rotationally invariant bipartite states and bound entanglement
Creators: name: Augusiak, Remigiusz
name: Stasińska, Julia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider rotationally invariant states in $\mathbb{C}^{N_{1}}\ot \mathbb{C}^{N_{2}}$ Hilbert space with even $N_{1}\geq 4$ and arbitrary $N_{2}\geq N_{1}$, and show that in such case there always exist states which are inseparable and remain positive after partial transposition, and thus the PPT criterion does not suffice to prove separability of such systems. We demonstrate it applying a map developed recently by Breuer [H.-P. Breuer, Phys. Rev. Lett {\bf 97}, 080501 (2006)] to states that remain invariant after partial time reversal.
description: 11 pages, 4 figures, accepted for publication in Physics Letters A
Induced deformation of the canonical structure and UV/IR duality in $(1+1)D$
Creators: name: Grigorio, L. S.
name: Guimaraes, M. S.
name: Wotzasek, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The purpose of this work is two fold. Working in the framework of $(1+1)D$ Lorentz violating field theories we will investigate in the first place the general claim that fermionic interactions may be equivalent to a deformation of the canonical structure of the theory. Second the deformed theory will be studied using duality reasoning to address the behavior of the Infra-Red and Ultra-Violet regimes.
description: revtex4 file, 19 pages, typos corrected, reference added, appendix added, accepted for publication in Physical Review D
title: Rezension: "„Europa“ als historisches Argument. Nationsbildungsstrategien polnischer und ukrainischer Historiker im habsburgischen Galizien" / Burkhard Wöller. Bochum: Verlag Dr. Dieter Winkler, 2014. ISBN: 978-3-89911-233-7
Creators: name: Srodecki, Paul
name: Digitale Wissenschaftsplattform Pol-Int (Www.Pol-Int.Org)
Publisher: name: Europa-Universität Viadrina Frankfurt
Year: 2021

description: Im Fokus der transfer- und verflechtungsgeschichtlich angelegten Studie steht allem voran die Bedeutung der Europäizitätsdiskurse für die polnischen und ukrainischen Nationsbildungsprozesse im habsburgischen Kronland Galizien. Wöller skizziert die Entwicklung der galizischen Geschichtsschreibung im sogenannten „langen 19. Jahrhundert" und geht dabei der Frage nach, „auf welche Weise ‚Europa' von polnischen und ruthenischen Historikern in Galizien konstruiert wurde und wie es in den verschiedenen Geschichtsdarstellungen für nationale Ziele instrumentalisiert werden konnte". (S. 15) Wöllers Hauptziel ist es hierbei, „die unterschiedlichen Ausprägungen, Facetten und Anwendungsmöglichkeiten von ‚Europa' als einem komplexen narrativen Instrumentarium in der Geschichtsschreibung aufzuzeigen und dessen Ausmaß und Bedeutung für die Nationsbildung abzuschätzen" (S. 15). Zudem sollen „im Sinne einer histoire croisée thematische und diskursstrategische Überschneidungen, Parallelen und Disparitäten" (S. 15) zwischen den polnischen und westukrainisch-ruthenischen Narrativen offengelegt werden.
Gaussian Closure Scheme in the Quasi-Linkage Equilibrium Regime of Evolving Genome Populations
Creators: name: Mauri, Eugenio
name: Cocco, Simona
name: Monasson, Rémi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Describing the evolution of a population of genomes evolving in a complex fitness landscape is generally very hard. We here introduce an approximate Gaussian closure scheme to characterize analytically the statistics of a genomic population in the so-called Quasi--Linkage Equilibrium (QLE) regime, applicable to generic values of the rates of mutation or recombination and fitness functions. The Gaussian approximation is illustrated on a short-range fitness landscape with two far away and competing maxima. It unveils the existence of a phase transition from a broad to a polarized distribution of genomes as the strength of epistatic couplings is increased, characterized by slow coarsening dynamics of competing allele domains. Results of the closure scheme are corroborated by numerical simulations.
description: EPL - Europhysics Letters, European Physical Society/EDP Sciences/Societ{\`a} Italiana di Fisica/IOP Publishing, In press