cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: Cost–Benefit Analysis of Coyote Removal as a Management Option in Texas Cattle Ranching
Creators: name: Brewster, R. Kyle
name: Henke, Scott E
name: Turner, Benjamin L.
name: Tomeček, John M.
name: Ortega-S., Alfonso
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2019

description: The monetary value of livestock losses attributed to coyote (Canis latrans) predation in North America has increased during the past 20 years. In Texas, USA alone in 2011, these loses were estimated at $6.9 million. To mitigate coyote-related livestock losses, several lethal and nonlethal control methods have been developed. However, there remains a need for better information to guide management decisions regarding cost-effective predator control strategies for livestock production systems. We acquired data, which was used in the model, from published literature from 1960 to present day, subject matter experts, and anecdotal information on coyote ecology. We developed a systems dynamics simulation model to evaluate the economic impact of coyote control on an average-sized cattle (Bos spp.) operation (1,000 ha) for a conceptual 10-year period in Texas. We conducted a sensitivity analyses to validate the model and identify the most sensitive parameters. We tested 88 scenarios using common coyote management methods (i.e., aerial gunning, M-44 devices, snares, livestock guard animals (LGAs), calling and shooting, and foothold traps), combinations of multiple management methods, and number of applications per year (once per year, twice per year, continuous). Several management methods were cost effective at reducing calf predation when applied sparingly and under assumptions of skillful and dedicated application of coyote control methods. The most cost-effective method of coyote control to reduce calf depredation was the combined use of snares and LGAs. When applied 1 month prior to the primary calving month, the snare/LGA combination showed an 81% decrease in overall costs of calf loss and predator management during the 10-year period, respectively. Cost effectiveness of methods deteriorated as the number of applications per year increased. While these are useful results, the intangible values of coyotes through grazing benefits (i.e., fewer prey species such as lagomorphs on the landscape to compete for forage with cattle) and ecological benefits (i.e., mitigation of meso-predator release) were not included in the model. However, these benefits should be considered by ranchers before implementing lethal coyote management.
title: Journal of Computational Geometry, Vol. 7 No. 2 (2016): Special Issue of Selected Papers from SoCG 2015
title: Special Issue of Selected Papers from SoCG 2015
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Journal Of Computational Geometry
Publisher: name: Journal of Computational Geometry
Year: 2015

description: A special issue containing selected papers from the 31st International Symposium on Computational Geometry (SoCG 2015).
description: Pattern overlap implies runaway growth in hierarchical tile systems...3–18 Shortest path in a polygon using sublinear space...19–45 Approximability of the discrete Fréchet distance...46–76 Shortest path to a segment and quickest visibility queries...77–100 Smoothed complexity of convex hulls by witnesses and collectors...101–144 Hyperorthogonal well-folded Hilbert curves...145–190 $1$-string $B_2$-VPG representation of planar graphs...191–215
title: Similar Breeding Success of Bearded Vultures in Disturbed and Undisturbed Areas Shows Evidence of Adaptation Capabilities
Creators: name: Comor, Vincent
name: Poulin, Nicolas
name: Boos, Mathieu
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2019

description: Human activities are usually considered as disturbing factors impeding the breeding success of wild animals. Protected areas can then be set up to restrict such activities aiming to improve wildlife’s breeding success and conservation. To test for the efficiency of these measures, we compared the breeding success of bearded vultures (Gypaetus barbatus) in the western French Pyrenees from autumn 2011 to spring 2017, where eyries are located either within or outside restricted areas, where potentially disturbing activities are restricted (e.g., helicopter flights, forestry works, hunting, paragliding). We monitored reproducing bearded vultures and checked the breeding success at different stages (laying, incubation, hatching, and survival at 2 months) of formed pairs. We then compared the success of each stage between eyries located in restricted and non-restricted areas, including weather data in our model. We found that the breeding success was similar in both types of areas, but that is was negatively impacted by precipitations, which may directly affect the ability of the egg or chick to withstand cold. We also focused on the potential disturbance of hunting parties on the behavior of bearded vultures and found no evidence that hunting was perceived as a threat by bearded vultures; they may in fact benefit from gut piles. Hence, our comparison of the breeding success between eyries located in restricted versus non-restricted areas shows no detrimental impact of human activities and calls for some studies to assess the effectiveness of restrictions in improving the breeding success of bearded vultures, as this species seems to show some degree of tolerance to human activities and may significantly suffer from harsh winter weather in this area.
title: Comparing Live-Capture Methods for Nutria: Single- Versus Multiple-Capture Cage Traps
Creators: name: Sheffels, Trevor R.
name: Carter, Jacoby
name: Sytsma, Mark D.
name: Taylor, Jimmy
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2019

description: Herbivory and burrowing by nutria (Myocastor coypus) cause substantial ecological and economic damage. Trapping is a common, effective practice for reducing nutria damage; however, trapping approaches must continually be adapted to keep pace with evolving animal welfare and ethical issues and to more effectively target pest species of interest. Our objective was to evaluate the efficacy of 2 nonlethal trap types for nutria: single-capture (SCT) and multi-capture (MCT) cage traps. We established 3 MCTs and 3 SCTs at each of 7 sites on a 10,500-ha mixed-use island located 15 km northwest of Portland, Oregon, USA. We pre-baited using carrots, apples, and sweet potatoes for ≥3 consecutive days before trapping. We checked traps daily, and an infrared motion camera was established near each MCT to document activity. We captured 26 nutria over 724 trap nights, and all captures occurred at 4 sites. Nutria captured by MCTs were larger (6.38 ± 1.68 [SD] kg, n = 10) than nutria captured by SCTs (4.21 ± 2.48 [SD] kg, n = 16; F1,25 = 5.51,P = 0.02). Camera surveillance showed multiple nutria present in an MCT on ≥2 occasions, although individuals
title: Comparison of Conservation Policy Benefits for an Umbrella and Related Sagebrush-Obligate Species
Creators: name: Dinkins, Jonathan B.
name: Beck, Jeffrey L
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2019

description: Many conservation strategies promote the potential of multiple species benefitting from protection of large areas necessary for the continued viability of 1 species. One prominent strategy in western North America is Wyoming’s Sage-grouse Core Area Policy, which was designed to conserve greater sage-grouse (Centrocercus urophasianus; hereafter, sage-grouse) breeding habitat, but may also serve as an umbrella to conserve other sagebrush (Artemisia spp.)-obligate wildlife, including songbirds. Sagebrush-obligate songbirds and sage-grouse have undergone population declines throughout the western United States attributed to similar habitat issues. We compared trends of sagebrush-obligate songbirds from the Breeding Bird Survey and sage-grouse lek counts in 2 sage-grouse populations in Wyoming (Powder River Basin and Wyoming Basins), USA from 1996–2013. Our evaluation was focused on similarities among population performance of the umbrella species and the species under that umbrella. Sagebrush-obligate songbird and both sage-grouse populations occupied habitat within and outside of protected core areas. Trends of sagebrush-obligate songbirds were not parallel or consistently similar in trajectory to sage-grouse in either core or non-core areas. Our results indicated core areas were successful at maintaining higher sage-grouse trends compared to areas not protected under the core area policy. However, sagebrush-obligate songbird trends did not follow the same pattern. This suggests that protection of only the best sage-grouse habitat may not be a sufficient conservation strategy for other sagebrush-obligate birds.
Journal of Computational Geometry, Vol. 6 No. 1 (2015)
Creators: name: Journal Of Computational Geometry
Publisher: name: Journal of Computational Geometry
Year: 2015

description: On a conjecture of Lovász on circle-representations of simple 4-regular planar graphs...1–20 The maximum number of faces of the Minkowski sum of three convex polytopes...21–74 Trajectory grouping structure...75–98 Algorithms for ball hulls and ball intersections in normed planes...99–107 On characterizing terrain visibility graphs...108–141 Random hyperplane search trees in high dimensions...142–164 Ptolemaic indexing...165–184 Quasi-parallel segments and characterization of unique bichromatic matchings...185–219 A constant-factor approximation for multi-covering with disks...220–234 Forcing subarrangements in complete arrangements of pseudocircles...235–248 Subquadratic medial-axis approximation in $\mathbb{R}^3$...249–287 The Lebesgue universal covering problem...288–299 More on decomposing coverings by octants...300–315 A new algorithm for computing visibility graphs of polygonal obstacles in the plane...316–345
Nonlinear light scattering in molecules triggered by an impulsive X-ray Raman process
Creators: name: Dorfman, Konstantin E.
name: Bennett, Kochise
name: Zhang, Yu
name: Mukamel, Shaul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The time-and-frequency resolved nonlinear light scattering (NLS) signals from a time evolving charge distribution of valence electrons prepared by impulsive X-ray pulses are calculated using a superoperator Green's function formalism. The signal consists of a coherent $\sim N^2$-scaling difference frequency generation and an incoherent fluorescence $\sim N$-scaling component where $N$ is the number of active molecules. The former is given by the classical Larmor formula based on the time-dependent charge density. The latter requires additional information about the electronic structure and may be recast in terms of transition amplitudes representing quantum matter pathways.
Individual Differences in Motivated Response and Visual Perception
Creators: name: Russell, Emily
Publisher: name: University of Chicago
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: bias
subject: perception
subject: vision
subject: cognition
subject: motivation
subject: neuroscience
subject: cognitive neuroscience
subject: motivated perception
subject: visual bias

description: Leong and colleagues (2019) found two dissociable biases in motivated perception: a bias in sensory perception and a bias in a person’s reports of what they perceive. Prior research on motivated perception have noted that individuals differ in how susceptible they are to motivated perception (Leong et al., 2019), but they have not examined why these differences exist. The goal of the current study was to assess the relationship between personality traits (i.e. anxiety, depression, impulsiveness and paranoia) and the level of bias towards what a participant is motivated to see. A merged face-scene image task was presented to participants, with a forced-choice between the image as more face-dominant or more scene-dominant. Participants were motivated towards face-dominant images for 4 of 12 blocks, scene-dominant for 12 blocks, and neutral or no motivation for 4 blocks. Survey measures were collected for each participant personality trait. Linear regressions, Drift Diffusion Modeling (DDM), t tests, and psychometric modeling were used to analyze data. Results showed that participants are more likely to see what they are motivated to see, but individual difference findings were not significant. This is likely due to the small sample size, and future research should explore this topic further.
Non-Fermi liquids and the Wiedemann-Franz law
Creators: name: Mahajan, Raghu
name: Barkeshli, Maissam
name: Hartnoll, Sean A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A general discussion of the ratio of thermal and electrical conductivities in non-Fermi liquid metals is given. In metals with sharp Drude peaks, the relevant physics is correctly organized around the slow relaxation of almost-conserved momenta. While in Fermi liquids both currents and momenta relax slowly, due to the weakness of interactions among low energy excitations, in strongly interacting non-Fermi liquids typically only momenta relax slowly. It follows that the conductivities of such non-Fermi liquids are obtained within a fundamentally different kinematics to Fermi liquids. Among these strongly interacting non-Fermi liquids we distinguish cases with only one almost-conserved momentum, which we term hydrodynamic metals, and with many patchwise almost-conserved momenta. For all these cases, we obtain universal expressions for the ratio of conductivities that violate the Wiedemann-Franz law. We further discuss the case in which long-lived `cold' quasiparticles, in general with unconventional scattering rates, coexist with strongly interacting hot spots, lines or bands. For these cases, we characterize circumstances under which non-Fermi liquid transport, in particular a linear in temperature resistivity, is and is not compatible with the Wiedemann-Franz law. We suggest the likely outcome of future transport experiments on CeCoIn5, YbRh2Si2 and Sr3Ru2O7 at their critical magnetic fields.
description: 1+30 pages. 1 figure. 1 table. v2 shortened for increased focus and readability. v3 some material moved to appendices
title: Train–Elephant Collisions in a Biodiversity-Rich Landscape: A Case Study from Rajaji National Park, North India
Creators: name: Joshi, Ritesh
name: Puri, Kanchan
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2019

description: Linear developments like railways and highways have a negative impact on ecological processes of wildlife species at a landscape level. The impacts in terms of wildlife mortality and threat to surviving populations of species have been well-studied; however, less work has been done to understand the potential causes of train–wildlife collisions, particularly large mega-fauna such as Asian elephants (Elephas maximus; elephant). In this case study, we review train–elephant collisions (TECs) that occurred in Rajaji National Park (RNP) and discuss some potential causes of TECs along with mitigation measures. The RNP, located in the upper Gangetic plains of northern India, has been an elephant conservation stronghold. However, 25 elephants have been killed from 1987–2018 in TECs along 18 km of the Haridwar-Dehradun railway track, which connects the RNP with the Corbett Tiger Reserve. Most of the collisions occurred during night and in summer months. Preliminary observations suggest that the social bonds among the groups of elephants and their relatively large home ranges, coupled with the speed of the trains and sharp turning radius, appear to be related to the collisions. Based on this information, mitigation measures should include reducing the speed of the train in high-risk areas and periods as well as habitat modifications such as developing recharging natural water sources. These measures could be coordinated with railway managers and wildlife officials. Scientific studies and related outreach programs that increase awareness among local communities and railway managers about the causes, impacts, and measures could also be organized to minimize negative human–elephant interactions.
Asteroid 2012 XE133: a transient companion to Venus
Creators: name: Marcos, C. de la Fuente
name: Marcos, R. de la Fuente
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Apart from Mercury that has no known co-orbital companions, Venus remains as the inner planet that hosts the smallest number of known co-orbitals (two): (322756) 2001 CK32 and 2002 VE68. Both objects have absolute magnitudes 18 < H < 21 and were identified as Venus co-orbitals in 2004. Here, we analyse the orbit of the recently discovered asteroid 2012 XE133 with H = 23.5 mag to conclude that it is a new Venus co-orbital currently following a transitional trajectory between Venus' Lagrangian points L5 and L3. The object could have been a 1:1 librator for several thousand years and it may leave the resonance with Venus within the next few hundred years, after a close encounter with the Earth. Our calculations show that its dynamical status as co-orbital, as well as that of the two previously known Venus co-orbitals, is controlled by the Earth-Moon system with Mercury playing a secondary role. The three temporary co-orbitals follow rather chaotic but similar trajectories with e-folding times of the order of 100 yr. Out of the three co-orbitals, 2012 XE133 currently follows the most perturbed path. An actual collision with the Earth during the next 10000 yr cannot be discarded. Extrapolation of the number distribution of Venus co-orbitals as a function of the absolute magnitude suggests that dozens of objects similar to 2012 XE133 could be transient companions to Venus. Some additional objects that were or will be transient co-orbitals to Venus are also briefly discussed.
description: 9 pages, 9 figures, 3 embedded animations, 1 table, abstract abridged, matches version published in MNRAS
title: Wildlife Damage to Crops Adjacent to a Protected Area in Southeastern Mexico: Farmers’ Perceptions Versus Actual Impact
Creators: name: Can-Hernández, Gabriel
name: Villanueva-García, Claudia
name: Gordillo-Chávez, Elías José
name: Pacheco-Figueroa, Coral Jazvel
name: Pérez-Netzahual, Elizabeth
name: García-Morales, Rodrigo
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2019

description: Human–wildlife conflicts occur when wildlife has an adverse effect on human activities (e.g., predation of livestock, crop raiding). These conflicts are increasing, particularly in areas surrounding natural protected areas, where villagers engage in subsistence agriculture. Crop damage may cause farmers to retaliate and harm wildlife species considered responsible for the damage. Among the factors that determine the intensity of the conflict are the frequency of the damage and the amount of biomass consumed relative to the perceptions, values, and cultural history of the farmers affected. To better understand the conflicts between farmers and wildlife, we compared farmer perceptions of wildlife damage to corn (Zea mays) to damage estimates recorded from May to June 2016 in 2 communities located in southern Mexico adjacent to the Natural Protected Area of Agua Blanca. We identified 128 farmers who had reported previous damage and used an administered structured questionnaire to assess their perceptions of the magnitude of the damage. Over 70% of the farmers surveyed considered that wildlife incursions in crops are a problem and 18% of them had implemented hunting and poisoning as a control measure. Farmers attributed their losses mainly to white-nosed coati (Nasua narica) and northern raccoon (Procyon lotor). However, our field data indicated that birds were causing more damage. On average, each corn crop lost $30.80; this value may be considered low, but the farmers’ dependence on the harvest they obtain from their crops causes these losses, added to those they already have due to other causes (i.e., long droughts, insect pests, and fungus), which impact their bottom line. Wildlife crop depredation is not the main cause of economic loss, but its impact negatively influences the perception of some farmers on wildlife. A poor perception in farmers could lead to an increase in the use of lethal methods, which may also affect nontargets.
Gauge invariant bound state equations for quark-antiquark systems in QCD
Creators: name: Sazdjian, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using gauge invariant quark Green's functions, defined with path-ordered gluon field phase factors along polygonal lines, and functional relations among them, two compatible bound state equations of the Dirac type are established for quark-antiquark systems, each relative to the quark or to the antiquark of the system. The kernels of the bound state equations are defined through a series of Wilson loop averages along closed polygonal contours and their functional derivatives on them. A sufficient criterion for spontaneous chiral symmetry breaking is derived, relating the Goldstone boson wave function in the zero total momentum limit with the scalar part of the gauge invariant quark two-point Green's function.
description: 25 pages, 2 figures; v2: comments and references added
title: Journal of Computational Geometry, Vol. 6 No. 2 (2015): Special issue of Selected Papers from SoCG 2014
title: Special issue of Selected Papers from SoCG 2014
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Journal Of Computational Geometry
Publisher: name: Journal of Computational Geometry
Year: 2015

description: A special issue containing selected papers from the 30th Annual Symposium on Computational Geometry (SoCG 2014).
description: Guest Editors' Foreword...1 Finding the largest disk containing a query point in logarithmic time with linear storage...3–18 New and improved spanning ratios for Yao graphs...19–53 Higher dimensional discrete Cheeger inequalities...54–71 Progressive geometric algorithms...72–92 Sampling with removal in LP-type problems...93–112 Euclidean Steiner shallow-light trees...113–139 Stochastic convergence of persistence landscapes and silhouettes...140–161 Induced matchings and the algebraic stability of persistence barcodes...162–191
Eta-nuclear bound states revisited
Creators: name: Friedman, E.
name: Gal, A.
name: Mareš, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The strong energy dependence of the s-wave eta-N scattering amplitude at and below threshold, as evident in coupled-channels K-matrix fits and chiral models that incorporate the S11 N*(1535) resonance, is included self-consistently in eta-nuclear bound-state calculations. This approach, applied recently in calculations of kaonic atoms and Kbar-nuclear bound states, is found to impose stronger constraints than ever on the onset of eta-nuclear binding, with a minimum value of Re a_{eta N} approximately 0.9 fm required to accommodate an eta-4He bound state. Binding energies and widths of eta-nuclear states are calculated within several underlying eta-N models for nuclei across the periodic table, including eta-25Mg for which some evidence was proposed in a recent COSY experiment.
description: v3: 13 pages, including 3 figures and 2 tables, matching published PLB version
Journal of Computational Geometry, Vol. 5 No. 1 (2014)
Creators: name: Journal Of Computational Geometry
Publisher: name: Journal of Computational Geometry
Year: 2014

description: Unions of onions: preprocessing imprecise points for fast onion decomposition...1–13 The Hausdorff core problem on simple polygons...14–40 Which point sets admit a $k$-angulation?...41–55 Hyperbolic Delaunay complexes and Voronoi diagrams made practical...56–85 Minimum convex partitions and maximum empty polytopes...86–103 Partial covering of a circle by equal circles. Part I: The mechanical models...104–125 Partial covering of a circle by equal circles. Part II: The case of 5 circles...126–149 Covering folded shapes...150–167 Guarding terrains via local search...168–178 Steinitz theorems for simple orthogonal polyhedra...179–244 A counterexample to a geometric Hales-Jewett type conjecture...245–249 Computational aspects of the Hausdorff distance in unbounded dimension...250–274 On projections of metric spaces...275–283 Incidences with $k$-non-degenerate sets and their applications...284–302
Journal of Computational Geometry, Vol. 4 No. 1 (2013)
Creators: name: Journal Of Computational Geometry
Publisher: name: Journal of Computational Geometry
Year: 2013

description: The number of distinct distances from a vertex of a convex polygon...1–12 Embedding the dual complex of hyper-rectangular partitions...13–37 Flow computations on imprecise terrains...38–78 Metric inequalities for polygons...79–93 Worst-case and smoothed analysis of k-means clustering with Bregman divergences...94–132 Simplicial flat norm with scale...133–159 On affine rigidity...160–181 Network farthest-point diagrams...182–211 Fat polygonal partitions with applications to visualization and embeddings...212–239 Making triangles colorful...240–246
Hyperfine interaction induced dephasing of coupled spin qubits in semiconductor double quantum dots
Creators: name: Hung, Jo-Tzu
name: Cywiński, Łukasz
name: Hu, Xuedong
name: Sarma, S. Das
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate theoretically the hyperfine-induced dephasing of two-electron-spin states in a double quantum dot with a finite singlet-triplet splitting J. In particular, we derive an effective pure dephasing Hamiltonian, which is valid when the hyperfine-induced mixing is suppressed due to the relatively large J and the external magnetic field. Using both a quantum theory based on resummation of ring diagrams and semiclassical methods, we identify the dominant dephasing processes in regimes defined by values of the external magnetic field, the singlet-triplet splitting, and inhomogeneity in the total effective magnetic field. We address both free induction and Hahn echo decay of superposition of singlet and unpolarized triplet states (both cases are relevant for singlet-triplet qubits realized in double quantum dots). We also study hyperfine-induced exchange gate errors for two single-spin qubits. Results for III-V semiconductors as well as silicon-based quantum dots are presented.
description: 24 pages, 13 figures
Journal of Computational Geometry, Vol. 3 No. 1 (2012)
Creators: name: Journal Of Computational Geometry
Publisher: name: Journal of Computational Geometry
Year: 2012

description: The emergence of sparse spanners and well-separated pair decomposition under anarchy...1–19 Upper bounds for centerlines...20–30 Spanners for geometric intersection graphs with applications...31–64 Weighted geometric set cover problems revisited...65–85 Colouring the triangles determined by a point set...86–101 Cover contact graphs...102–131 Approximating the average stretch factor of geometric graphs...132–153 Minimum area polyomino Venn diagrams...154–167 An exponential lower bound on the complexity of regularization paths...168–195 An optimal algorithm for computing angle-constrained spanners...196–221 Kinetic convex hulls, Delaunay triangulations and connectivity structures in the black-box model...222–249
title: Temporal Variation of Moose–Vehicle Collisions in Alaska
Creators: name: McDonald, Lucian R
name: Messmer, Terry A.
name: Guttery, Michael R.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2019

description: Collisions between vehicles and wildlife have long been recognized to pose threats to motorists and wildlife populations. In addition to the risk of injury or mortality faced by the motorists involved in wildlife-vehicle collisions (WVCs), other drivers are also put at risk due to road obstructions and traffic congestions associated with WVCs. Most WVCs in Alaska involve moose (Alces alces), an animal that is sufficiently large to pose a threat to property and human life when involved in collisions. We analyzed the temporal variation in the number of moose–vehicle collisions (MVCs) reported in the 4 most populous boroughs of Alaska, USA from 2000–2012. We examined daily and annual trends in MVC rates and compared them to moose and human behavioral patterns to better understand possible mitigation strategies. The distribution of MVCs was skewed toward winter and hours of the day with less visibility. Fifty percent of the MVCs reported from 2000–2012 occurred where the commuter rush hours overlapped with dusk and dawn in winter. Knowledge of these temporal patterns can provide managers with practical mitigation options, such as the use of seasonal speed reduction, improved lighting strategies, dynamic signage, or partnerships with mobile mapping services.
Fueling AGN-I: How the Global Characteristics of the Central Kiloparsec of Seyferts differ from Quiescent Galaxies
Creators: name: Hicks, Erin K. S.
name: Davies, Richard I.
name: Maciejewski, Witold
name: Emsellem, Eric
name: Malkan, Matthew A.
name: Dumas, Gaelle
name: Sanchez, Francisco Mueller
name: Rivers, Austin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In a matched sample of Seyfert and quiescent galaxies we simultaneously probe the stellar and molecular gas kinematics from 1 kpc down to 50 pc with the aim of identifying the dynamical processes dictating black hole accretion rates. This first paper compares the global characteristics of a sample of ten galaxies. We find several differences within a radius of 500 pc that are correlated with Active Galactic Nucleus (AGN) activity. The Seyferts have: (1) a more centrally concentrated nuclear stellar surface brightness with lower stellar luminosities beyond a radius of 100 pc, (2) a lower stellar velocity dispersion within a radius of 200 pc, (3) elevated H2 luminosity out to a radius of at least 250 pc, and (4) more centrally concentrated H2 surface brightness profiles. These observed differences can be interpreted as evidence for Seyfert galaxies having a dynamically cold (in comparison to the bulge) nuclear structure composed of a significant gas reservoir and a relatively young stellar population. This structure is undetected (and possibly does not exist) in quiescent galaxies. The presence of such a nuclear structure in Seyfert galaxies provides evidence for inflow of the surrounding interstellar medium since the nuclear stellar population requires a supply of gas from which to form. The fueling of a Seyfert AGN is thus associated with the formation of a dynamically cold component of gas and stars on scales of hundreds of parsecs.
description: 18 pages, 22 figures. Accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal. Minor revisions to match published version
Journal of Computational Geometry, Vol. 2 No. 1 (2011)
Creators: name: Journal Of Computational Geometry
Publisher: name: Journal of Computational Geometry
Year: 2011

description: Connected rectilinear graphs on point sets...1–15 Approximate Euclidean Ramsey theorems...16–29 Delaunay triangulation of imprecise points, preprocess and actually get a fast query time...30–45 Constant-work-space algorithms for geometric problems...46–68 Good quality virtual realization of unit disk graphs...69–91 Recursive tilings and space-filling curves with little fragmentation...92–127 Points with large quadrant depth...128–143 Optimally fast incremental Manhattan plane embedding and planar tight span construction...144–182 $d$-representability of simplicial complexes of fixed dimension...183–188 A fixed-parameter algorithm for the minimum Manhattan network problem...189–204
Journal of Computational Geometry, Vol. 1 No. 1 (2010)
Creators: name: Journal Of Computational Geometry
Publisher: name: Journal of Computational Geometry
Year: 2010

description: Welcome from the Editors-in-Chief...1–2 Happy endings for flip graphs...3–28 On visibility and blockers...29–40 On the stretch factor of convex Delaunay graphs...41–56 Visibility maps of realistic terrains have linear smoothed complexity...57–71 Computing multidimensional persistence...72–100 Computing the maximum detour of a plane geometric graph in subquadratic time...101–122
title: Managing Urban Crow Populations in Japan
Creators: name: Yoda, Tsuyoshi
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2019

description: Crow (Corvus spp.) populations are increasing globally. This is cause for concern because overabundant crow populations can damage agricultural crops, harm native wildlife, and become a nuisance in urban areas. In Japan, the carrion (C. corone) and large-billed crow (C. macrorhynchos) can cause damage to crops and livestock. This damage is predicted to increase in Japan with climate change, especially when precipitation increases, inducing landscape changes that may favor crow populations and activities. In Japan, the primary control method used to manage crow damage is the destruction of nests by a crow control officer who is employed by local municipalities. Herein, I describe how urban crow populations are currently managed in Japan. I also reviewed historical records of crow control and precipitation data from 2011–2016 for the Mombetsu City, located in northern Japan, to describe a potential relationship between increased precipitation and crow abundance and activities. Lastly, I provide recommendations for mitigating damage that may be caused by predicted increases in crow populations that may result because of climate change and changes in precipitation.
EXAMPLE-BASED TERRAIN AUTHORING WITH COMPLEX FEATURES
Creators: name: Nadig, Sandeep Malatesh
Publisher: name: Purdue University Graduate School
Year: 2022
Subjects: Computer graphics

description: Synthesis of terrains with complex features has been a challenging problem in computer graphics since most of the existing methods are based on the height field representation. Complex features in terrains adds to the overall realism of the terrain. Hence, there is a need to synthesize terrains in real-time with complex features that adhere to user input. The methodology described in this thesis describes a novel way to synthesize terrains with complex features based on user drawn sketches. Layered stack data structure is used to ensure that the resulting terrain has complex features. Since, Neural Networks are used to generate the terrains, the process is real-time.
Organization of strongly interacting directed polymer liquids in the presence of stringent constraints
Creators: name: Souslov, Anton
name: Rocklin, D. Zeb
name: Goldbart, Paul M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The impact of impenetrable obstacles on the energetics and equilibrium structure of strongly repulsive directed polymers is investigated. As a result of the strong interactions, regions of severe polymer depletion and excess are found in the vicinity of the obstacle, and the associated free-energy cost is found to scale quadratically with the average polymer density. The polymer-polymer interactions are accounted for via a sequence of transformations: from the 3D line liquid to a 2D fluid of Bose particles to a 2D composite fermion fluid and, finally, to a 2D one-component plasma. The results presented here are applicable to a range of systems consisting of noncrossing directed lines.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures
Community Management Guidelines - Mission Soil Living Labs
Creators: name: Ylla, Mar
name: Cavallo, Dolinda
name: Campodonico, Giulia
name: Costabadie, Anne-Charlotte
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: The SOILL Community Management Guidelines – intended for Mission Soil Living Labs (LLs) andtheir project coordinators and support partners – outline the key stages of collaboration between LLs and SOILL, providing clarity on expected actions and processes to support effective planning,engagement, and collaboration. SOILL is funded under the Mission “A Soil Deal for Europe” of the Horizon Europe Framework Programme which aims to establish a network of 100 Soil Health LLs andLight houses (LHs) to lead the transition towards healthy soils. In this context, the SOILL Framework Partnership Agreement has been established to coordinate, support, expand, and promote this network through different implementation projects. SOILL-Startup is the first implementation project within the SOILL framework which aims to work closely with the first waves of Mission Soil LLs and LHs and key stakeholders to co-design andlaunch the SOILL one-stop structure.
Direct measurement of topological invariants in optical lattices
Creators: name: Wang, Lei
name: Soluyanov, Alexey A.
name: Troyer, Matthias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose an experimental technique for classifying the topology of band structures realized in optical lattices, based on a generalization of topological charge pumping in quantum Hall systems to cold atom in optical lattices. Time-of-flight measurement along one spatial direction combined with in situ detection along the transverse direction provide a direct measure of the system's Chern number, as we illustrate by calculations for the Hofstadter lattice. Based on an analogy with Wannier functions techniques of topological band theory, the method is very general and also allows the measurement of other topological invariants, such as the $Z_2$ topological invariant of time-reversal symmetric insulators.
description: 4.5 pages, 5 figures
TESS Experiments: Price Disclosure Laws for Direct-to-Consumer Pharmaceutical Advertising: Price Transparency, Information Asymmetry and Consumer Behavior
Creators: name: Hollin, Ilene
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2023

description: Time-sharing Experiments for the Social Sciences (TESS) offers researchers the opportunity to capture the internal validity of experiments. Investigators submit proposals, and TESS fields successful proposals for free on a representative sample of adults in the United States. This experiment was conducted to test the extent to which price disclosure in direct-to-consumer pharmaceutical advertising influences consumer behavior. Respondents were randomly assigned to one of nine conditions which varied by price disclosure information (none (control) vs. prescription list price vs. prescription list price and typical out-of-pocket cost to patient) and health conditions which represented a range of impacts on survival, quality-of-life, or both (deep vein thrombosis/pulmonary embolism (non-symptomatic, life-threatening) vs. type II diabetes (symptomatic, life-threatening) vs. rheumatoid arthritis (symptomatic, nonlife-threatening). A total of 2,138 respondents participated. Respondents answered measures of information symmetry/comprehension of the disclosure statement, intention to seek treatment, and intention to comparison shop and rated the perceived efficacy, safety, and affordability of the drug. After treatment, respondents were asked about their health conditions, health insurance, and familiarity with the drug featured in the advertisement. This allowed for comparison of pricing transparency effects relative to control conditions and across respondent traits.
title: Hunter and Public Opinions of a Columbian Black-Tailed Deer Population in a Pacific Northwest Island Landscape
Creators: name: Wingard, Robert P.
name: Krausman, Paul R.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2019

description: Management decisions are influenced by public acceptance for wildlife; thus, knowledge of public concerns and management preferences can be an advantage to natural resource decision makers. Wildlife managers with the Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife are concerned that the Columbian black-tailed deer (Odocoileus hemionus columbianus; deer) population on Whidbey Island, Washington, USA, exceeds social carrying capacity (i.e., a publicly acceptable population). In summer 2014, we designed a self-administered mail questionnaire to assess opinions of residents and a phone survey to assess the opinions of Whidbey Island deer hunters about Columbian black-tailed deer. We hypothesized that residents would support increased hunting when social carrying capacity was exceeded. The resident survey focused on the frequency and type of interactions with deer, the level of acceptability of the population, and their willingness to support increased hunting. Residents perceived the deer population as acceptable for the island, and there was some support for increased hunting. The hunter survey focused on the respondents’ experience hunting deer on the island, including their opinion of the current deer population trend and the desired future deer population trend. Hunters perceived the deer population trend to be increasing somewhat, while their desired population trend was stability. Hunters cited the lack of public and private land open to hunting on Whidbey Island as the biggest barrier and the most common complaint about hunting deer on the island. The results of these surveys suggest the deer population on Whidbey Island (n = 6.2 deer/km2) had not exceeded social carrying capacity. There is support (62% of respondents) for increasing hunting opportunities on the island, but island residents were concerned about public safety. Understanding public views is instrumental for enhanced management. Managers and the public must work together to manage wildlife resources more effectively.
Emerging spectra of singular correlation matrices under small power-map deformations
Creators: name: Vinayak
name: Schäfer, Rudi
name: Seligman, Thomas H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Correlation matrices are a standard tool in the analysis of the time evolution of complex systems in general and financial markets in particular. Yet most analysis assume stationarity of the underlying time series. This tends to be an assumption of varying and often dubious validity. The validity of the assumption improves as shorter time series are used. If many time series are used this implies an analysis of highly singular correlation matrices. We attack this problem by using the so called {\it power map} which was introduced to reduce noise. Its non-linearity breaks the degeneracy of the zero eigenvalues and we analyze the sensitivity of the so emerging spectra to correlations. This sensitivity will be demonstrated for uncorrelated and correlated Wishart ensembles.
description: 10 pages, 7 Figures, excepted as a regular article in Phys. Rev. E
Dust-Obscured Galaxies in the Local Universe
Creators: name: Hwang, Ho Seong
name: Geller, Margaret J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE), AKARI, and Galaxy Evolution Explorer (GALEX) data to select local analogs of high-redshift (z~2) dust obscured galaxies (DOGs). We identify 47 local DOGs with S_{12μm}/S_{0.22 μm}>892 and S_{12μm}>20 mJy at 0.05
description: 21 pages, 13 figures. To appear in ApJ
Semistar operations and standard closure operations
Creators: name: Epstein, Neil
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Commutative Algebra (math.AC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 13A15, 13B22

description: Let $R$ be a commutative ring. It is shown that there is an order isomorphism between a popular class of finite type closure operations on the ideals of $R$ and the poset of semistar operations of finite type.
description: The main change from the previous version is a new theorem in section 4 characterizing the standardized radical in terms of the total quotient ring. I also incorporated minor changes following the referee's comments. 12 pages, comments welcome
Soft lags in neutron star kHz Quasi Periodic Oscillations: evidence for reverberation?
Creators: name: Barret, Didier
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: High frequency soft reverberation lags have now been detected from stellar mass and super massive black holes. Their interpretation involves reflection of a hard source of photons onto an accretion disk, producing a delayed reflected emission, with a time lag consistent with the light travel time between the irradiating source and the disk. Independently of the location of the clock, the kHz Quasi-Periodic Oscillation (QPO) emission is thought to arise from the neutron star boundary layer. Here, we search for the signature of reverberation of the kHz QPO emission, by measuring the soft lags and the lag energy spectrum of the lower kHz QPOs from 4U1608-52. Soft lags, ranging from ~15 to ~40 microseconds, between the 3-8 keV and 8-30 keV modulated emissions are detected between 565 and 890 Hz. The soft lags are not constant with frequency and show a smooth decrease between 680 Hz and 890 Hz. The broad band X-ray spectrum is modeled as the sum of a disk and a thermal comptonized component, plus a broad iron line, expected from reflection. The spectral parameters follow a smooth relationship with the QPO frequency, in particular the fitted inner disk radius decreases steadily with frequency. Both the bump around the iron line in the lag energy spectrum, and the consistency between the lag changes and the inferred changes of the inner disk radius, from either spectral fitting or the QPO frequency, suggest that the soft lags may indeed involve reverberation of the hard pulsating QPO source on the disk.
description: 28 pages, 2 tables, 5 figures, Accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal
Demystifying the fusion mechanism in heavy-ion collisions: A six-dimensional Langevin dissipative dynamics approach
Creators: name: Jaganathen, Yannen
name: Kowal, Michał
name: Pomorski, Krzysztof
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an in-depth investigation of heavy-ion fusion dynamics using a six-dimensional Langevin framework that enables unrestricted motion of the asymmetry parameter. The stochastic formalism naturally incorporates friction effects and energy fluctuations, providing a detailed understanding of the fusion process. The dynamics transition into the overdamped regime, facilitating rapid neck stabilization while effectively capturing the interplay between shape and rotational degrees of freedom. This approach achieves excellent agreement with experimental spin distributions and fusion cross-sections, establishing a robust foundation for forthcoming studies on the synthesis of superheavy elements and the exploration of the enigmatic fusion hindrance mechanism.