cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Improving Surgical Outcomes and Quality of Life after Endoscopic Skull Base Surgery
Creators: name: CASTLE-KIRSZBAUM, MENDEL DAVID
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 110323 Surgery
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Tumours of the anterior skull base, although often small and benign, disproportionately worsen patient wellbeing due to effects on vision, hormonal balance, and headache. Using a relatively novel technique where instruments and cameras are passed through the nose, these tumours can be removed safely and effectively with less collateral damage than traditional brain surgery. Using this technique on over 650 patients, the factors that influence outcomes and patient wellbeing were discovered for the first time. This roadmap through anterior skull base surgery provides new clarity for patients and their clinicians and will improve each patient’s journey through skull base surgery.
title: Evaluation of thyroid nodules using spin switching dual energy computed tomography (DECT)
Creators: name: Guo, Xiaoshan
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Thyroid / Parathyroids
subject: CT
subject: Computer Applications-Detection, diagnosis
subject: Computer Applications-Virtual imaging
subject: Contrast agent-intravenous
subject: Cancer
subject: Pathology

description: Purpose Methods and Materials Results Conclusion References Personal Information
description: Purpose: CT scanning at two different energies was developed back in the 1970s[1]; however, it has recently become clinically viable with rapid developments of CT scanner technology[2]. It is shown that dual energy has the potential to improve...
Reconsidering swimming: Thomas Eakins and the changing landscapes of modernity in late nineteenth-century Philadelphia
Creators: name: Fravel, Laura
Publisher: name: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
Year: 2011

description: Thomas Eakins' Swimming pictures a transitory moment caught between two historically-specific community forms. While the earlier rural moment had been defined by accessibility and egalitarian leisure, the later suburban moment was defined by exclusive recreation and class homogeneity. Set near Bryn Mawr, an affluent suburb of Philadelphia promoted by the Pennsylvania Railroad, the painting encapsulates the tension between an imagined pastoral past and a modern state of metropolitan interconnectedness. This thesis will use a variety of period sources--including urban guidebooks, advertisements, and literature--to examine the ways in which Swimming engages the complicated and conflicted cultural vision of the outer city. While earlier scholarship has centered on the personal, professional and cultural identities of the figures within the painting, this thesis instead uses the activity of the figures within the space of the painting to inform larger cultural interpretations of the suburban landscape in which the work is set.
DSTEA: Improving Dialogue State Tracking via Entity Adaptive Pre-training
Creators: name: Lee, Yukyung
name: Kim, Takyoung
name: Yoon, Hoonsang
name: Kang, Pilsung
name: Bang, Junseong
name: Kim, Misuk
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Dialogue State Tracking (DST) is critical for comprehensively interpreting user and system utterances, thereby forming the cornerstone of efficient dialogue systems. Despite past research efforts focused on enhancing DST performance through alterations to the model structure or integrating additional features like graph relations, they often require additional pre-training with external dialogue corpora. In this study, we propose DSTEA, improving Dialogue State Tracking via Entity Adaptive pre-training, which can enhance the encoder through by intensively training key entities in dialogue utterances. DSTEA identifies these pivotal entities from input dialogues utilizing four different methods: ontology information, named-entity recognition, the spaCy, and the flair library. Subsequently, it employs selective knowledge masking to train the model effectively. Remarkably, DSTEA only requires pre-training without the direct infusion of extra knowledge into the DST model. This approach resulted in substantial performance improvements of four robust DST models on MultiWOZ 2.0, 2.1, and 2.2, with joint goal accuracy witnessing an increase of up to 2.69% (from 52.41% to 55.10%). Further validation of DSTEA's efficacy was provided through comparative experiments considering various entity types and different entity adaptive pre-training configurations such as masking strategy and masking rate.
Boundary and domain wall theories of 2d generalized quantum double model
Creators: name: Jia, Zhian
name: Kaszlikowski, Dagomir
name: Tan, Sheng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The generalized quantum double lattice realization of 2d topological orders based on Hopf algebras is discussed in this work. Both left-module and right-module constructions are investigated. The ribbon operators and the classification of topological excitations based on the representations of the quantum double of Hopf algebras are discussed. To generalize the model to a 2d surface with boundaries and surface defects, we present a systematic construction of the boundary Hamiltonian and domain wall Hamiltonian. The algebraic data behind the gapped boundary and domain wall are comodule algebras and bicomodule algebras. The topological excitations in the boundary and domain wall are classified by bimodules over these algebras. The ribbon operator realization of boundary-bulk duality is also discussed. Finally, via the Hopf tensor network representation of the quantum many-body states, we solve the ground state of the model in the presence of the boundary and domain wall.
description: v1: 41 pages; v2: some typos fixed; v3: some references added; v4: 62 pages, algebraic theory added; v4: 78 pages, a direct construction is given
Green hyperbolic complexes on Lorentzian manifolds
Creators: name: Benini, Marco
name: Musante, Giorgio
name: Schenkel, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 81T70, 81T20, 18G35, 58J45

description: We develop a homological generalization of Green hyperbolic operators, called Green hyperbolic complexes, which cover many examples of derived critical loci for gauge-theoretic quadratic action functionals in Lorentzian signature. We define Green hyperbolic complexes through a generalization of retarded and advanced Green's operators, called retarded and advanced Green's homotopies, which are shown to be unique up to a contractible space of choices. We prove homological generalizations of the most relevant features of Green hyperbolic operators, namely that (1) the retarded-minus-advanced cochain map is a quasi-isomorphism, (2) a differential pairing (generalizing the usual fiber-wise metric) on a Green hyperbolic complex leads to covariant and fixed-time Poisson structures and (3) the retarded-minus-advanced cochain map is compatible with these Poisson structures up to homotopy.
description: 41 pages - Accepted for publication in Communications in Mathematical Physics
COVID triage data Decision Support Tool
Creators: name: Thomas, Emily
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medical Humanities
subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: Medical Specialties
subject: Critical Care
subject: Bioethics and Medical Ethics

description: Data from patients with COVID in Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust in April 2020 Two groups: ITU reviewed and non ITU reviewed Data collected of all aspects of Decision Support Tool, treatment escalation plan information, outcomes
title: Dynamic MR-Defecography in Asymptomatic Volunteers - Ranges of normal values
Creators: name: Dendl, Lena
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Defecography
subject: MR
subject: Pelvis
subject: Gastrointestinal tract
subject: Motility

description: Purpose Methods and Materials Results Conclusion References Personal Information
description: Purpose: To evaluate the wide range of normal findings in asymptomatic women undergoing dynamic magnetic resonance (MR)...
Modelling uncertainties in wide binary constraints on primordial black holes
Creators: name: Tyler, Emily
name: Green, Anne M.
name: Goodwin, Simon P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Dark matter in the form of compact objects with mass $M_{\rm co} \gtrsim 10 M_{\odot}$ can be constrained by its dynamical effects on wide binary stars. Motivated by the recent interest in Primordial Black Hole dark matter, we revisit the theoretical modelling involved in these constraints. We improve on previous studies in several ways. Specifically, we i) implement a physically motivated model for the initial wide-binary semi-major axis distribution, ii) include unbound binaries, and iii) take into account the uncertainty in the relationship between semi-major axis and observed angular separation. These effects all tend to increase the predicted number of wide binaries (for a given compact object population). Therefore the constraints on the halo fraction in compact objects, $f_{\rm co}$, are significantly weakened. For the wide binary sample used in the most recent calculation of the constraints, we find the fraction of halo dark matter in compact objects is $f_{\rm co} < 1$ for $M_{\rm co} \approx 300 \, M_{\odot}$, tightening with increasing $M_{\rm co}$ to $f_{\rm co} < 0.26$ for $M_{\rm co} \gtrsim 1000 \, M_{\odot}$.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures, v2: version accepted to appear in MNRAS with additional discussion (no changes to results)
Sharlot Hall and the Naturalization of Settler Colonialism
Creators: name: Sargeant, Kristin
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: Sharlot Hall was an author, poet, historian, booster, ranch woman, presidential elector, clubwoman, and development advocate for the territory and subsequently state of Arizona at the turn of the twentieth century. As an influential public figure regionally and nationally, she helped to shape a collective understanding of Arizona’s geography, past, and its future potential. Examined holistically, Hall’s work is best understood within a settler colonial context. She described a backdrop of an empty, untamed wilderness, which she then peopled with peaceful, hardworking, law-abiding Anglo settlers to the region in her historical writing, preservation, and educational work. When combined with a carefully curated, timeless depiction of Native Americans and her fervent advocacy for Arizona’s full and equal inclusion into the nation, Hall’s narratives and actions lay the groundwork for the naturalization and justification of a settler colonialist project.
Lyman-α Emitters in the context of hierarchical galaxy formation: predictions for VLT/MUSE surveys
Creators: name: Garel, Thibault
name: Guiderdoni, Bruno
name: Blaizot, Jérémy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The VLT Multi Unit Spectroscopic Explorer (MUSE) integral-field spectrograph can detect Lyα emitters (LAE) in the redshift range $2.8 \lesssim z \lesssim 6.7$ in a homogeneous way. Ongoing MUSE surveys will notably probe faint Lyα sources that are usually missed by current narrow-band surveys. We provide quantitative predictions for a typical wedding-cake observing strategy with MUSE based on mock catalogs generated with a semi-analytic model of galaxy formation coupled to numerical Lyα radiation transfer models in gas outflows. We expect $\approx$ 1500 bright LAEs ($F_{Lyα}$ $\gtrsim$ $10^{-17}$ erg s$^{-1}$ cm$^{-2}$) in a typical Shallow Field (SF) survey carried over $\approx$ 100 arcmin$^2$, and $\approx$ 2,000 sources as faint as $10^{-18}$ erg s$^{-1}$ cm$^{-2}$ in a Medium-Deep Field (MDF) survey over 10 arcmin$^2$. In a typical Deep Field (DF) survey of 1 arcmin$^2$, we predict that $\approx$ 500 extremely faint LAEs ($F_{Lyα}$ $\gtrsim$ $4 \times 10^{-19}$ erg s$^{-1}$ cm$^{-2}$) will be found. Our results suggest that faint Lyα sources contribute significantly to the cosmic Lyα luminosity and SFR budget. While the host halos of bright LAEs at z $\approx$ 3 and 6 have descendants with median masses of $2 \times 10^{12}$ and $5 \times 10^{13}$ $M_{\odot}$ respectively, the faintest sources detectable by MUSE at these redshifts are predicted to reside in halos which evolve into typical sub-$L^{*}$ and $L^{*}$ galaxy halos at z = 0. We expect typical DF and MDF surveys to uncover the building blocks of Milky Way-like objects, even probing the bulk of the stellar mass content of LAEs located in their progenitor halos at z $\approx$ 3.
description: 18 pages, 13 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
title: Neurofibromatosis: techniques of approach and common radiological findings
Creators: name: Sobrino Castro, Uxia
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Statistics
subject: Ultrasound
subject: CT
subject: MR
subject: Neuroradiology peripheral nerve
subject: Neuroradiology brain

description: Learning objectives Background Imaging findings OR Procedure details Conclusion References Personal Information
description: Learning objectives: After reviewing all the image studies done to the patients with neurofibromatosis (either I or II) in our hospital between 2009 and 2011,the objetives of this study were: -to review the imaging techniques available to study patients with...
title: Imaging of Alzheimer's disease: CT, MR, and advanced techniques, evaluation with pet and amyloid imaging. Our experience and pictorial essay.
Creators: name: Pollice, Saverio
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Neuroradiology brain
subject: MR
subject: CT
subject: PET-CT
subject: Comparative studies
subject: Inflammation

description: Learning objectives Background Imaging findings OR Procedure details Conclusion References Personal Information
description: Learning objectives: The aim of this work is to define what is the role of a radiology department in evaluating a patient with cognitive impairment , in directing the diagnosis towards a specific type of dementia and in planning follow-up. The diagnostic tests available...
title: Identification of left atrial fibrosis with MR sequence of Late-Enhancement (LE-MR): preliminary results.
Creators: name: Casagranda, Giulia
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Cardiac
subject: Cardiac
subject: MR
subject: MR-Angiography
subject: Ablation procedures
subject: Comparative studies
subject: Segmentation
subject: Tissue characterisation

description: Purpose Methods and Materials Results Conclusion References Personal Information
description: Purpose: The aim of this work is to identify left atrial fibrosis in a group of consecutive patients with Atrial Fibrillation (AF), using a Late Enhancement Magnetic Resonance sequence (LE-MR), and its validation by comparison with Electroanatomic Mapping...
title: Effect Upon Inferior Vena Cava Filter Clot Trapping Ability in the Presence of a Caval Tunneled Dialysis Catheter
Creators: name: Lautin, Jeffrey
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Patterns of Care
subject: Foreign bodies
subject: Embolism / Thrombosis
subject: Venous access
subject: Filter insertions
subject: Experimental
subject: Veins / Vena cava
subject: Vascular
subject: Interventional vascular

description: Purpose Methods and Materials Results Conclusion References Personal Information
description: Purpose: To determine if a femoral vein tunneled dialysis catheter (TDC) alters the clot trapping ability of an inferior vena cava...
title: Coronary artery calcium scoring with low tube current and iterative reconstruction
Creators: name: Matsuura, Noriaki
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Cardiovascular system
subject: CT
subject: Acceptance testing
subject: Arteriosclerosis

description: Purpose Methods and Materials Results Conclusion References Personal Information
description: Purpose: Coronary artery calcium scoring (CACS) is widely used to access the patients risk of coronary artery disease. Althogh the radiation dose at CACS is relatively low compared to the coronary artery CT angiography, efforts must be made to reduce it...
On Asymptotically Locally Hyperbolic Metrics with Negative Mass
Creators: name: Chruściel, Piotr T.
name: Delay, Erwann
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We construct families of asymptotically locally hyperbolic Riemannian metrics with constant scalar curvature (i.e., time symmetric vacuum general relativistic initial data sets with negative cosmological constant), with prescribed topology of apparent horizons and of the conformal boundary at infinity, and with controlled mass. In particular we obtain new classes of solutions with negative mass.
description: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2112.00095
Disorder, synchronization and phase locking in non-equilibrium Bose-Einstein condensates
Creators: name: Eastham, Paul R.
name: Rosenow, Bernd
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We review some theories of non-equilibrium Bose-Einstein condensates in potentials, in particular of the Bose-Einstein condensate of polaritons. We discuss such condensates, which are steady-states established through a balance of gain and loss, in the complementary limits of a double-well potential and a random disorder potential. For equilibrium condensates, the former corresponds to a Josephson junction, whereas the latter is the setting for the superfluid/Bose glass transition. We explore the non-equilibrium generalization of these phenomena, and highlight connections with mode selection and synchronization.
description: 16 pages, 1 figure, contributed chapter for book "Universal themes of Bose-Einstein condensation"
title: Non-invasive assessment of pulmonary arterial hypertension with 3D Time-resolved MR angiography in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis
Creators: name: Taglieri, Amedeo
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Lung
subject: MR physics
subject: Cardiovascular system
subject: MR
subject: MR-Angiography
subject: MR-Diffusion/Perfusion
subject: Technology assessment
subject: Connective tissue disorders
subject: Haemodynamics / Flow dynamics
subject: Hypertension

description: Purpose Methods and Materials Results Conclusion References Personal Information
description: Purpose: Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic progressive disease, with unknown etiology, characterized by a severe fibrotic degeneration of pulmonary parenchyma. The most common symptoms are under-stress dyspnea and chronic dry cough[1]. This...
Quench dynamics of Fano-like resonances in the presence of the on-dot superconducting pairing
Creators: name: Baranski, Jan
name: Baranska, Magdalena
name: Zienkiewicz, Tomasz
name: Kapcia, Konrad J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore the electron dynamics of a system composed of double quantum dot embedded between metallic and superconducting leads in a T-shape geometry. In nanoscopic systems, where electron transfer between electrodes can be realized via different paths, interference effects play an important role. For double quantum dot system in the chosen geometry, interference of electrons transferred between electrodes via the interfacial quantum dot and electrons scattered on the side dot gives rise to Fano-like interference. If such a system is additionally coupled to a superconducting electrode, together with the well-understood Fano resonance an additional resonance appears on the opposite side of the Fermi level. In the recent work [Sci. Rep. 10, 2881 (2020)], we showed that this resonance occurs solely as a result of the local pairing of non-scattered electrons with scattered ones. In this work, considering the quench dynamics, we explore how much time is required for formation of each of these resonances. In particular, (i) we analyze the charge oscillations between subsystems; (ii) we estimate the time required for each resonance to achieve stable equilibrium upon an abrupt change of interdot connection; (iii) we discuss a typical energy and time scales for experiments on similar architectures.
Searches for additional Higgs bosons and for vector leptoquarks in $ττ$ final states in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 13 TeV
Creators: name: CMS Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Three searches are presented for signatures of physics beyond the standard model (SM) in $ττ$ final states in proton-proton collisions at the LHC, using a data sample collected with the CMS detector at $\sqrt{s}$ = 13 TeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 138 fb$^{-1}$. Upper limits at 95% confidence level (CL) are set on the products of the branching fraction for the decay into $τ$ leptons and the cross sections for the production of a new boson $ϕ$, in addition to the H(125) boson, via gluon fusion (gg$ϕ$) or in association with b quarks, ranging from $\mathcal{O}$(10 pb) for a mass of 60 GeV to 0.3 fb for a mass of 3.5 TeV each. The data reveal two excesses for gg$ϕ$ production with local $p$-values equivalent to about three standard deviations at $m_ϕ$ = 0.1 and 1.2 TeV. In a search for $t$-channel exchange of a vector leptoquark U$_1$, 95% CL upper limits are set on the dimensionless U$_1$ leptoquark coupling to quarks and $τ$ leptons ranging from 1 for a mass of 1 TeV to 6 for a mass of 5 TeV, depending on the scenario. In the interpretations of the $M_\mathrm{h}^{125}$ and $M_\mathrm{h, EFT}^{125}$ minimal supersymmetric SM benchmark scenarios, additional Higgs bosons with masses below 350 GeV are excluded at 95% CL.
description: Replaced with the published version. Added the journal reference and the DOI. All the figures and tables, including additional supplementary figures, can be found at http://cms-results.web.cern.ch/cms-results/public-results/publications/HIG-21-001 (CMS Public Pages)
Rhodium Nanoparticles for Ultraviolet Plasmonics
Creators: name: Watson, Anne
name: Zhang, Xiao
name: de la Osa, Rodrigo Alcaraz
name: Sanz, Juan Marcos
name: Fernandez, Francisco G.
name: Moreno, Fernando
name: Finkelstein, Gleb
name: Liu, Jie
name: Everitt, Henry O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The non-oxidizing catalytic noble metal rhodium is introduced for ultraviolet plasmonics. Planar tripods of 8 nm Rh nanoparticles, synthesized by a modified polyol reduction method, have a calculated local surface plasmon resonance near 330 nm. By attaching p-aminothiophenol, local field-enhanced Raman spectra and accelerated photo-damage were observed under near-resonant ultraviolet illumination, while charge transfer simultaneously increased fluorescence for up to 13 minutes. The combined local field enhancement and charge transfer demonstrate essential steps toward plasmonically-enhanced ultraviolet photocatalysis.
title: 3T functional magnetic resonance in healthy subjects: effects evaluation of MS6 scalp acupuncture
Creators: name: Zanardi, Romeo
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Neuroradiology brain
subject: MR-Functional imaging
subject: Experimental investigations
subject: Biological effects

description: Purpose Methods and Materials Results Conclusion References Personal Information
description: Purpose: Acupuncture is a therapy of inserting and manipulating fine filiform needles into specific body locations (acupuncture points) to treat diseases. Acupuncture is an ancient Chinese treatment that has been systematically used for over 2000 years...
Determination of $\varepsilon_K$ using lattice QCD inputs
Creators: name: Bailey, Jon A.
name: Jang, Yong-Chull
name: Lee, Weonjong
name: Park, Sungwoo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present results for the indirect CP violation parameter $\varepsilon_K$ determined directly from the standard model using lattice QCD to fix the inputs $\hat{B}_K$, $ξ_0$, $|V_{us}|$, and $|V_{cb}|$. We use the FLAG and SWME results for $\hat{B}_K$. We use the RBC-UKQCD result for $ξ_0$ determined using the experimental value of $\varepsilon'/\varepsilon$ and the lattice result of $\mathrm{Im}\,A_2$. To set the Wolfenstein parameter $λ$, we use $|V_{us}|$, which is determined from $K_{\ell3}$ and $K_{\mu2}$ decays combined with lattice evaluations of the $K \to π\ell ν$ vector form factor and $f_K$. To set the Wolfenstein parameter $A$, we use the FNAL/MILC results for $|V_{cb}|$, which are determined from the exclusive decay $\bar{B} \to D^* \ell \barν$ and the axial form factor at zero recoil. We also use the inclusive $|V_{cb}|$ obtained using the heavy quark expansion based on QCD sum rules and the OPE. We compare the results with those for exclusive $|V_{cb}|$. We find that the standard model prediction of $\varepsilon_K$ with exclusive $|V_{cb}|$ (lattice QCD results) is lower than the experimental value by 3.4$σ$. However, we observe no tension in $\varepsilon_K$ determined from inclusive $|V_{cb}|$.
description: 7 pages and 3 figures; PoS.cls updated
Electrostatic energy barriers from dielectric membranes upon approach of translocating DNA molecules
Creators: name: Buyukdagli, Sahin
name: Ala-Nissila, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We probe the electrostatic cost associated with the approach phase of DNA translocation events. Within an analytical theory at the Debye-Huckel level, we calculate the electrostatic free energy of a rigid DNA molecule interacting with a dielectric membrane. For carbon or silicon based low permittivity neutral membranes, the DNA molecule experiences a repulsive energy barrier between 10 kBT and 100 kBT. In the case of engineered membranes with high dielectric permittivity, the membrane surface attracts the DNA with an energy of the same magnitude. Both the repulsive and attractive interactions result from image-charge effects and their magnitude survive even for the thinnest graphene-based membranes of size d~6 A. For weakly charged membranes, the electrostatic free energy is always attractive at large separation distances but switches to repulsive close to the membrane surface. We also characterise the polymer length dependence of the interaction energy. For specific values of the membrane charge density, low permittivity membranes repel short polymers but attract long polymers. Our results can be used to control the strong electrostatic free energy of DNA-membrane interactions prior to translocation events by chemical engineering of the relevant system parameters.
On a kinetic equation describing the behavior of a gas interacting mainly with radiation
Creators: name: Demattè, Elena
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 82C40 (primary), 35Q30, 85A25 (secondary)

description: In this article we study a kinetic model which describes the interaction between a gas and radiation. Specifically, we consider a scaling limit in which the interaction between the gas and the photons takes place much faster than the collisions between the gas molecules themselves. We prove in the homogeneous case that the solutions of the limit problem solve a kinetic equation for which a well-posedness theory is considered. The proof of the convergence to a new kinetic equation is obtained analyzing the dynamics of the gas-photon system near the slow manifold of steady states.
description: 43 pages
Coronal response to an EUV wave from DEM analysis
Creators: name: Vanninathan, K.
name: Veronig, A. M.
name: Dissauer, K.
name: Madjarska, M. S.
name: Hannah, I. G.
name: Kontar, E. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: EUV (Extreme-Ultraviolet) waves are globally propagating disturbances that have been observed since the era of the SoHO/EIT instrument. Although the kinematics of the wave front and secondary wave components have been widely studied, there is not much known about the generation and plasma properties of the wave. In this paper we discuss the effect of an EUV wave on the local plasma as it passes through the corona. We studied the EUV wave, generated during the 2011 February 15 X-class flare/CME event, using Differential Emission Measure diagnostics. We analyzed regions on the path of the EUV wave and investigated the local density and temperature changes. From our study we have quantitatively confirmed previous results that during wave passage the plasma visible in the Atmospheric Imaging Assembly (AIA) 171A channel is getting heated to higher temperatures corresponding to AIA 193A and 211A channels. We have calculated an increase of 6 - 9% in density and 5 - 6% in temperature during the passage of the EUV wave. We have compared the variation in temperature with the adiabatic relationship and have quantitatively demonstrated the phenomenon of heating due to adiabatic compression at the wave front. However, the cooling phase does not follow adiabatic relaxation but shows slow decay indicating slow energy release being triggered by the wave passage. We have also identified that heating is taking place at the front of the wave pulse rather than at the rear. Our results provide support for the case that the event under study here is a compressive fast-mode wave or a shock.
description: Accepted for publication in ApJ
Rescue of endemic states in interconnected networks with adaptive coupling
Creators: name: Vazquez, F.
name: Serrano, M. A.
name: Miguel, M. San
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the Susceptible-Infected-Susceptible model of epidemic spreading on two layers of networks interconnected by adaptive links, which are rewired at random to avoid contacts between infected and susceptible nodes at the interlayer. We find that the rewiring reduces the effective connectivity for the transmission of the disease between layers, and may even totally decouple the networks. Weak endemic states, in which the epidemics spreads only if the two layers are interconnected, show a transition from the endemic to the healthy phase when the rewiring overcomes a threshold value that depends on the infection rate, the strength of the coupling and the mean connectivity of the networks. In the strong endemic scenario, in which the epidemics is able to spread on each separate network, the prevalence in each layer decreases when increasing the rewiring, arriving to single network values only in the limit of infinitely fast rewiring. We also find that finite-size effects are amplified by the rewiring, as there is a finite probability that the epidemics stays confined in only one network during its lifetime.
description: 15 pages, 11 figures
title: Dose reduction in trauma patients using digital versus conventional imaging
Creators: name: Muchuki, Catherine
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Extremities
subject: Computer applications
subject: Bones
subject: MR-Angiography
subject: Digital radiography
subject: MR-Spectroscopy
subject: Education
subject: Screening
subject: Computer Applications-Virtual imaging
subject: Education and training
subject: Pathology
subject: Image registration

description: Purpose Methods and Materials Results Conclusion References Personal Information
description: Purpose: 1) To measure and analyze the patient radiation dose exposure in portable equipments using dose measurements 2) To determine the effectiveness of parameters that influence the patient exposure 3) To identify the problem related to the machine...
Einfluss von Frustrationstoleranz und negativem Affekt auf die Fähigkeit der Fehlerdetektion
Creators: name: Mahler, Timm
name: Kahraman, Baran
name: Bayrakdar, Özge
name: Dietz, Jonas
name: Pohle, Marius
name: Niessen, Eva
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: frustration
subject: PEG

description: In dieser Studie werden wir den Einfluss von hoher und niedriger Frustrationstoleranz und der Manipulation des Affekts auf die Fähigkeit der Fehlerdetektion untersuchen.
Nesterov smoothing for sampling without smoothness
Creators: name: Fan, Jiaojiao
name: Yuan, Bo
name: Liang, Jiaming
name: Chen, Yongxin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computation (stat.CO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We study the problem of sampling from a target distribution in $\mathbb{R}^d$ whose potential is not smooth. Compared with the sampling problem with smooth potentials, this problem is much less well-understood due to the lack of smoothness. In this paper, we propose a novel sampling algorithm for a class of non-smooth potentials by first approximating them by smooth potentials using a technique that is akin to Nesterov smoothing. We then utilize sampling algorithms on the smooth potentials to generate approximate samples from the original non-smooth potentials. We select an appropriate smoothing intensity to ensure that the distance between the smoothed and un-smoothed distributions is minimal, thereby guaranteeing the algorithm's accuracy. Hence we obtain non-asymptotic convergence results based on existing analysis of smooth sampling. We verify our convergence result on a synthetic example and apply our method to improve the worst-case performance of Bayesian inference on a real-world example.
title: Dynamic contrast enhanced imaging with high temporal resolution for semiquantitative perfusion assessment of experimental liver tumors in rats at 9.4 T
Creators: name: Fries, Peter
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Animal (veterinary) studies
subject: Abdomen
subject: Liver
subject: MR-Diffusion/Perfusion
subject: Experimental
subject: Contrast agent-intravenous
subject: Experimental investigations
subject: Metastases

description: Purpose Methods and Materials Results Conclusion References Personal Information
description: Purpose: MRI at ultrahigh field strength beyond 3 Teslahas gained more and more importance for preclinical animal studies. Especially in tumor models MRI allows for non-invasive assessment of tumor development and the influence of different therapies on...
An investigation of the Eigenvalue Calibration Method (ECM) using GASP for non-imaging and imaging detectors
Creators: name: Kyne, Gillian
name: Lara, David
name: Hallinan, Gregg
name: Redfern, Michael
name: Shearer, Andrew
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Polarised light from astronomical targets can yield a wealth of information about their source radiation mechanisms, and about the geometry of the scattered light regions. Optical observations, of both the linear and circular polarisation components, have been impeded due to non-optimised instrumentation. The need for suitable observing conditions and the availability of luminous targets are also limiting factors. GASP uses division of amplitude polarimeter (DOAP) (Compain and Drevillon) to measure the four components of the Stokes vector simultaneously, which eliminates the constraints placed upon the need for moving parts during observation, and offers a real-time complete measurement of polarisation. Results from the GASP calibration are presented in this work for both a 1D detector system, and a pixel-by-pixel analysis on a 2D detector system. Following Compain et al. we use the Eigenvalue Calibration Method (ECM) to measure the polarimetric limitations of the instrument for each of the two systems. Consequently, the ECM is able to compensate for systematic errors introduced by the calibration optics, and it also accounts for all optical elements of the polarimeter in the output. Initial laboratory results of the ECM are presented, using APD detectors, where errors of 0.2% and 0.1° were measured for the degree of linear polarisation and polarisation angle respectively. Channel-to-channel image registration is an important aspect of 2-D polarimetry. We present our calibration results of the measured Mueller matrix of each sample, used by the ECM. A set of Zenith flat-field images were recorded during an observing campaign at the Palomar 200 inch telescope in November 2012. From these we show the polarimetric errors from the spatial polarimetry indicating both the stability and absolute accuracy of GASP.
description: Accepted for publication in Experimental Astronomy
title: Cortical malformations and epilepsy: role of MR imaging
Creators: name: Jerbi, Saida
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Congenital
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Decision analysis
subject: MR
subject: Neuroradiology brain
subject: Genetic defects
subject: Seizure disorders

description: Purpose Methods and Materials Results Conclusion References Personal Information
description: Purpose: Malformations of cortical development are increasingly recognized as important causes of epilepsy, developmental delay and other neurological disorders. Our purpose is to present the relevance of the MRI in these pathologies with the...
title: Radiology and Pregnancy. Risks and reality
Creators: name: Fernández Quintero, Rosa Mª
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Obstetrics (Pregnancy / birth / postnatal period)
subject: Foetus
subject: Medico-legal issues
subject: Decision analysis
subject: Obstetrics

description: Learning objectives Background Imaging findings OR Procedure details Conclusion References Personal Information
description: Learning objectives: To make known the effects of ionizing radiation in the embryo-fetus according to gestational age and given dose. To make known the importance of the role of the radiologist and his/her responsibility in the election of the imaging technique to use...
The Gaia-ESO Survey: New constraints on the Galactic disc velocity dispersion and its chemical dependencies
Creators: name: Guiglion, G.
name: Recio-Blanco, A.
name: de Laverny, P.
name: Kordopatis, G.
name: Hill, V.
name: Mikolaitis, Š.
name: Minchev, I.
name: Chiappini, C.
name: Wyse, R. F. G.
name: Gilmore, G.
name: Randich, S.
name: Feltzing, S.
name: Bensby, T.
name: Flaccomio, E.
name: Koposov, S. E.
name: Pancino, E.
name: Bayo, A.
name: Costado, M. T.
name: Franciosini, E.
name: Hourihane, A.
name: Jofré, P.
name: Lardo, C.
name: Lewis, J.
name: Lind, K.
name: Magrini, L.
name: Morbidelli, L.
name: Sacco, G. G.
name: Ruchti, G.
name: Worley, C. C.
name: Zaggia, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Understanding the history and the evolution of the Milky Way disc is one of the main goals of modern astrophysics. We study the velocity dispersion behaviour of Galactic disc stars as a function of the [Mg/Fe] ratio, which can be used as a proxy of relative age. This key relation is essential to constrain the formation mechanisms of the disc stellar populations as well as the cooling processes. We used the recommended parameters and chemical abundances of 7800 FGK Milky Way field stars from the second internal data release of the Gaia-ESO Survey. These stars were observed with the GIRAFFE spectrograph, and cover a large spatial volume (6+0.2dex. First, the velocity dispersion increases with [Mg/Fe] at all [Fe/H] ratios for the thin-disc stars, and then it decreases for the thick-disc at the highest [Mg/Fe] abundances. Similar trends are observed within the errors for the azimuthal velocity dispersion, while a continuous increase with [Mg/Fe] is observed for the vertical velocity dispersion. The velocity dispersion decrease agrees with previous measurements of the RAVE survey, although it is observed here for a greater metallicity interval and a larger spatial volume. We confirm the existence of [Mg/Fe]-rich thick-disc stars with cool kinematics in the generally turbulent context of the primitive Galactic disc. This is discussed in the framework of the different disc formation scenarios.
description: 14 pages, 13 figures, A&A accepted
title: The role of computed tomography in the evaluation of pulmonary complications in children submitted to autologous and allogeneic bone marrow transplantation
Creators: name: LEDERMAN, Henrique
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Haematologic diseases
subject: Complications
subject: CT
subject: Thorax
subject: Paediatric
subject: Oncology
subject: Transplantation

description: Purpose Methods and Materials Results Conclusion References Personal Information
description: Purpose: The bone marrow transplant (BMT) is a established technique to the treatment of hematological disorders and pulmonary diseases are among the most serious post-BMT complications. Computed tomography (CT) scan plays an important role in the evaluation...
A Block Regression Model for Short-Term Mobile Traffic Forecasting
Creators: name: Pan, Huimin
name: Liu, Jingchu
name: Zhou, Sheng
name: Niu, Zhisheng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Accurate mobile traffic forecast is important for efficient network planning and operations. However, existing traffic forecasting models have high complexity, making the forecasting process slow and costly. In this paper, we analyze some characteristics of mobile traffic such as periodicity, spatial similarity and short term relativity. Based on these characteristics, we propose a \emph{Block Regression} ({BR}) model for mobile traffic forecasting. This model employs seasonal differentiation so as to take into account of the temporally repetitive nature of mobile traffic. One of the key features of our {BR} model lies in its low complexity since it constructs a single model for all base stations. We evaluate the accuracy of {BR} model based on real traffic data and compare it with the existing models. Results show that our {BR} model offers equal accuracy to the existing models but has much less complexity.
description: 5 pages, 6 figures. IEEE/CIC ICCC'15
title: Dual Energy Computed Tomography for Non-Invasive Differentiation of Renal Stones
Creators: name: Langer, Ruth
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Tissue characterisation
subject: Calcifications / Calculi
subject: Experimental investigations
subject: Computer Applications-Detection, diagnosis
subject: Image manipulation / Reconstruction
subject: CT-Quantitative
subject: CT
subject: Urinary Tract / Bladder
subject: Kidney
subject: Abdomen

description: Purpose Methods and Materials Results Conclusion References Personal Information
description: Purpose: In the United Arab Emirates (UAE), and likewise in the entire Middle East, renal stones are frequently diagnosed. The incidence of pure uric acid (UA) stones is far higher than in Western countries. UA calculi are reported in the West in ~...
Crisis Communication in Authoritarian Regimes: The Case of Andjan Tragedy in Uzbekistan
Creators: name: Mamadiev, Behzod
Publisher: name: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
Year: 2011

description: On May 13, 2005, Andijan, eastern city of Uzbekistan, a former Soviet republic of Central Asia, attracted the world's attention. News ran through the channels of mass media from BBC to CNN reporting that the Uzbek government crushed a civilian demonstration and killed several hundreds of people. The international community, including the U.S. and the EU, harshly condemned the acts of the government. The crisis communication strategies applied by the government to justify its actions and to diminish the damages of the tragedy as well as to repair its broken image failed. In this thesis project, I analyzed the Uzbek government's crisis communication strategies through the lens of Benoit's Image Restoration Theory. By identifying the factors responsible for the failure, I proposed that the government could have reduced the damage of the crisis if the communication strategies had been carried out properly in accordance with the Image Restoration theory principles.
Sociocultural influences on eating practices among adolescents (15-17 years old): a scoping review protocol
Creators: name: Mairin Saito
Publisher: name: OSF Registries
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Nutrition
subject: Life Sciences
subject: Other Nutrition
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Food Studies
subject: adolescent
subject: adolescents
subject: eating
subject: eating practices
subject: food
subject: sociocultural factors
subject: sociocultural influences
subject: young
subject: youth

description: This document is a protocol according to JBI methodology which describes the steps and methods to be used to carry out the following scoping review: "Sociocultural influences on eating practices among adolescents (15-17 years old): a scoping review".
Resting state functional connectivity in misophonia
Creators: name: Raymond, Kate
name: Levine, Alexandra
name: Butler, Blake
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Psychiatry and Psychology
subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: Psychological Phenomena and Processes

description: This study aims to examine patterns of resting state functional connectivity in individuals with varying levels of specific sound sensitivity (misophonia, sub-clinical sensitivity, and control participants). This includes a data-driven approach (ICA) which seeks to examine group differences in sensory- and salience-related networks, as well as a seed-based analysis of connectivity to the anterior insula.
title: Transcatheter arterial chemoembolisation of hepatocellular carcinoma in transplant patients: smaller bead diameter and hypervascularity lead to higher tumour necrosis
Creators: name: Hakky, Michael
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Oncology
subject: Liver
subject: Interventional vascular
subject: MR
subject: CT
subject: Catheter arteriography
subject: Efficacy studies
subject: Comparative studies
subject: Chemoembolisation
subject: Transplantation

description: Purpose Methods and Materials Results Conclusion References Personal Information
description: Purpose: Untreated hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has a poor prognosis. While a small subgroup of patients can be treated with liver transplant or surgical resection, a larger number will be unresectable either at detection or will progress to unresctable...