cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Sound Trapping in an Open Resonator
Creators: name: Huang, Lujun
name: Chiang, Yan Kei
name: Huang, Sibo
name: Shen, Chen
name: Deng, Fu
name: Cheng, Yi
name: Jia, Bin
name: Li, Yong
name: Powell, David A
name: Miroshnichenko, Andrey E
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The ability of extreme sound energy confinement with high-quality factor (Q-factor) resonance is of vital importance for acoustic devices requiring high intensity and hypersensitivity in biological ultrasonics, enhanced collimated sound emission (i.e. sound laser) and high-resolution sensing. However, structures reported so far demonstrated a limited quality factor (Q-factor) of acoustic resonances, up to several tens in an open resonator. The emergence of bound states in the continuum (BIC) makes it possible to realize high-Q factor acoustic modes. Here, we report the theoretical design and experimental demonstration of acoustic BICs supported by a single open resonator. We predicted that such an open acoustic resonator could simultaneously support three types of BICs, including symmetry protected BIC, Friedrich-Wintgen BIC induced by mode interference, as well as a new kind of BIC: mirror-symmetry induced BIC. We also experimentally demonstrated the existence of all three types of BIC with Q-factor up to one order of magnitude greater than the highest Q-factor reported in an open resonator.
description: 14 pages, 5 figures
Propagation of Electromagnetic Waves in Linear Media and Pseudo-Hermiticity
Creators: name: Mostafazadeh, Ali
name: Loran, Farhang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We express the electromagnetic field propagating in an arbitrary time-independent non-dispersive medium in terms of an operator that turns out to be pseudo-Hermitian for Hermitian dielectric and magnetic permeability tensors Epsilon and Mu. We exploit this property to determine the propagating field. In particular, we obtain an explicit expression for a planar field in an isotropic medium with Epsilon and Mu varying along the direction of the propagation. We also study the scattering of plane waves due to a localized inhomogeneity.
description: Slightly expanded published version, 5 pages, 2 figures
Automatic Risk Adaptation in Distributional Reinforcement Learning
Creators: name: Schubert, Frederik
name: Eimer, Theresa
name: Rosenhahn, Bodo
name: Lindauer, Marius
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The use of Reinforcement Learning (RL) agents in practical applications requires the consideration of suboptimal outcomes, depending on the familiarity of the agent with its environment. This is especially important in safety-critical environments, where errors can lead to high costs or damage. In distributional RL, the risk-sensitivity can be controlled via different distortion measures of the estimated return distribution. However, these distortion functions require an estimate of the risk level, which is difficult to obtain and depends on the current state. In this work, we demonstrate the suboptimality of a static risk level estimation and propose a method to dynamically select risk levels at each environment step. Our method ARA (Automatic Risk Adaptation) estimates the appropriate risk level in both known and unknown environments using a Random Network Distillation error. We show reduced failure rates by up to a factor of 7 and improved generalization performance by up to 14% compared to both risk-aware and risk-agnostic agents in several locomotion environments.
Additional file 1 of Parents’ pandemic NICU experience in the United States: a qualitative study
Creators: name: Vance, Ashlee J.
name: Malin, Kathryn J.
name: Miller, Jacquelyn
name: Shuman, Clayton J.
name: Moore, Tiffany A.
name: Benjamin, Annella
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1: Supplemental Table 1. Open ended questions.
Minimal Niven numbers
Creators: name: Fredricksen, H.
name: Ionascu, E. J.
name: Luca, F.
name: Stanica, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11L20, 11N25, 11N37

description: Define a(k,q) to be the smallest positive multiple of k such that the sum of its digits in base q is equal to k. The asymptotic behavior, lower and upper bound estimates of a(k,q) are investigated. A characterization of the minimality condition is also considered.
description: 28 pages, 2 figures
How Can Developing Subject Literacy Enable Pupils to Enhance Their Subject Knowledge and the Understanding of Key Concepts in Geography?
Creators: name: Eka, V.
Publisher: name: The School of Education and Communities, University of East London
Year: 2020

description: In the Geography and Literacy connection, National Geographic Education online edition, Christina Riska (2013) asks the question ‘What do you think of when you hear the word literacy? Depending on what you teach, chances are geography is not the first thought that comes to mind. But believe it or not, geography and literacy naturally share many similarities. In addition, you can deepen student’s learning in both Geography and literacy when they are integrated in the curriculum.’ This paper considers through action research how developing subject literacy in secondary school geography lessons can enhance pupil’s subject knowledge and the understanding of key concepts in Geography.
Sonic Perceptual Ecologies: strategies for sound-based exploration, perception and composition in spaces of transient encounters
Creators: name: Papadomanolaki, Maria
Publisher: name: University of the Arts London
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 369999
subject: Other creative arts and writing not elsewhere classified

description: Sonic Perceptual Ecologies: strategies for sound-based exploration, perception and composition in spaces of transient encountersPhD Research Degree Maria Papadomanolaki Completed 2015A digital copy of this thesis and supporting documents are available from the UAL Research Online repository
Beyond Fermi's golden rule with the statistical Jacobi approximation
Creators: name: Long, David M.
name: Hahn, Dominik
name: Bukov, Marin
name: Chandran, Anushya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Many problems in quantum dynamics can be cast as the decay of a single quantum state into a continuum. The time-dependent overlap with the initial state, called the fidelity, characterizes this decay. We derive an analytic expression for the fidelity after a quench to an ergodic Hamiltonian. The expression is valid for both weak and strong quenches, and timescales before finiteness of the Hilbert space limits the fidelity. It reproduces initial quadratic decay and asymptotic exponential decay with a rate which, for strong quenches, differs from Fermi's golden rule. The analysis relies on the statistical Jacobi approximation (SJA), which was originally applied in nearly localized systems, and which we here adapt to well-thermalizing systems. Our results demonstrate that the SJA is predictive in disparate regimes of quantum dynamics.
description: 40 pages, 10 figures. (v2) New name for the Jacobi technique (SJA); clarified relation to time dependent perturbation theory; new local Hamiltonian numerics which show deviation from Fermi's golden rule. (v3) Fixed title. (v4) Various clarifications and corrections
Fraile – Salaria fluviatilis (Asso, 1801)
Creators: name: Salvador Milla, Alfredo
Publisher: name: Salvador Milla, Alfredo
Year: 2017

description: Peces - Orden Perciformes - Familia Blenniidae en la Enciclopedia Virtual de Vertebrados Españoles, http://www.vertebradosibericos.org/. Versiones anteriores: 15-11-2012; 19-11-2012; 21-11-2012
description: A comprehensive review of the natural history of the Freshwater blenny Salaria fluviatilis in Spain.
Additional file 2 of Parents’ pandemic NICU experience in the United States: a qualitative study
Creators: name: Vance, Ashlee J.
name: Malin, Kathryn J.
name: Miller, Jacquelyn
name: Shuman, Clayton J.
name: Moore, Tiffany A.
name: Benjamin, Annella
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 2: Supplemental Table 2. Codebook.
Reflections of a ‘Wannabe’ Progressive Teacher: How Reflection and Reflexivity Can Positively Impact Practice
Creators: name: Taylor, L.
Publisher: name: The School of Education and Communities, University of East London
Year: 2020

description: An investigation and self-analysis of the process of reflection and teaching will be evaluated from an individual early careers academic perspective. In the higher education sector it is imperative that lessons are revisited to ensure that the methods of teaching applied are flexible and develop positively (Schön 1983), in conjunction with the student’s complex needs, helping to achieve academic praxis for both learners: the teacher and the student (Brookfield 2017). Pedagogical practice will be considered as an ontological continuing process of academic progression using ‘The Four Lenses of Critical Reflection’ framework (ibid.) to identify good reflective and reflexive teaching. Consideration of positive, realistic and effective teaching practices which can be applied to make necessary improvements will be examined. The title progressive teacher implies the implementation of good flexible teaching practice that aligns with student learning and assessment outcomes.
Collective steady-state patterns of swarmalators with finite-cutoff interaction distance
Creators: name: Lee, Hyun Keun
name: Yeo, Kangmo
name: Hong, Hyunsuk
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the steady-state patterns of population of the coupled oscillators that sync and swarm, where the interaction distances among oscillators have finite-cutoff in interaction distance. We examine how the static patterns known in the infinite-cutoff are reproduced or deformed, and explore a new static pattern that does not appear until a finite-cutoff is considered. All steady-state patterns of the infinite-cutoff, static sync, static async, and static phase wave are respectively repeated in space for proper finite-cutoff ranges. Their deformation in shape and density takes place for the other finite-cutoff ranges. Bar-like phase wave states are observed, which has not been the case for the infinite-cutoff. All the patterns are investigated via numerical and theoretical analysis.
description: 9 pages, 8 figures
MOESM1 of Increased CD8+CD28+ T cells independently predict better early response to stereotactic ablative radiotherapy in patients with lung metastases from non-small cell lung cancer
Creators: name: Liu, Chao
name: Hu, Qinyong
name: Hu, Kai
name: Su, Huichao
name: Shi, Fang
name: Kong, Li
name: Zhu, Hui
name: Yu, Jinming
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology

description: Additional file 1: Figure S1. ROC curves for CD8+CD28− T-cell counts (A); Treg-cell counts (B); CD4+ T-cell counts (C); CD8+ T-cell counts (D); CD8/Treg ratio (E); and CD8/CD4 ratio (F) to distinguish responsive from non-responsive patients 1 month after SABR. Figure S2. CD8+CD28+ T-cell counts in responsive and non-responsive patients (A) and ROC curve for CD8+CD28+ T-cell counts to distinguish responsive from non-responsive patients (B). CD4/Treg ratios in responsive and non-responsive patients (C) and ROC curve for CD4/Treg ratios to distinguish responsive from non-responsive patients (D) 6 months after SABR. Figure S3. CD8+CD28− T-cell counts (A); Treg-cell counts (B); CD4+ T-cell counts (C); CD8+ T-cell counts (D); CD8/Treg ratios (E); and CD8/CD4 ratios (F) in responsive and non-responsive patients 6 months after SABR. Figure S4. ROC curves for CD8+CD28− T-cell counts (A); Treg-cell counts (B); CD4+ T-cell counts (C); CD8+ T-cell counts (D); CD8/Treg ratios (E); and CD8/CD4 ratios (F) to distinguish responsive from non-responsive patients 6 months after SABR. Table S1. Univariate and multivariate analyses of the likelihood of early tumor response 6 months after SABR.
Microcanonical phase transitions for the vortex system
Creators: name: Benedetto, Dario
name: Caglioti, Emanuele
name: Nolasco, Margherita
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 82M30 35Q82 82B26 35Q35

description: We consider the Microcanonical Variational Principle for the vortex system in a bounded domain. In particular we are interested in the thermodynamic properties of the system in domains of second kind, i.e. for which the equivalence of ensembles does not hold.
 For connected domains close to the union of disconnected disks (dumbbell domains), we show that the system may exhibit an arbitrary number of fist-order phase transitions, while the entropy is convex for large energy.
description: 22 pages,15 figures
Sympathetic neuropeptide Y protects from obesity by sustaining thermogenic fat.
Creators: name: Zhu, Yitao
name: Yao, Lu
name: Gallo-Ferraz, Ana L
name: Bombassaro, Bruna
name: Simões, Marcela R
name: Abe, Ichitaro
name: Chen, Jing
name: Sarker, Gitalee
name: Ciccarelli, Alessandro
name: Zhou, Linna
name: Lee, Carl
name: Sidarta-Oliveira, Davi
name: Martínez-Sánchez, Noelia
name: Dustin, Michael L
name: Zhan, Cheng
name: Horvath, Tamas L
name: Velloso, Licio A
name: Kajimura, Shingo
name: Domingos, Ana I
Publisher: name: The Francis Crick Institute
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: Imaging
subject: Imaging

description: Human mutations in neuropeptide Y (NPY) have been linked to high body mass index but not altered dietary patterns1. Here we uncover the mechanism by which NPY in sympathetic neurons2,3 protects from obesity. Imaging of cleared mouse brown and white adipose tissue (BAT and WAT, respectively) established that NPY+ sympathetic axons are a smaller subset that mostly maps to the perivasculature; analysis of single-cell RNA sequencing datasets identified mural cells as the main NPY-responsive cells in adipose tissues. We show that NPY sustains the proliferation of mural cells, which are a source of thermogenic adipocytes in both BAT and WAT4-6. We found that diet-induced obesity leads to neuropathy of NPY+ axons and concomitant depletion of mural cells. This defect was replicated in mice with NPY abrogated from sympathetic neurons. The loss of NPY in sympathetic neurons whitened interscapular BAT, reducing its thermogenic ability and decreasing energy expenditure before the onset of obesity. It also caused adult-onset obesity of mice fed on a regular chow diet and rendered them more susceptible to diet-induced obesity without increasing food consumption. Our results indicate that, relative to central NPY, peripheral NPY produced by sympathetic nerves has the opposite effect on body weight by sustaining energy expenditure independently of food intake.
Lagarto ocelado – Timon lepidus (Daudin, 1802)
Creators: name: Mateo, José Antonio
name: Salvador Milla, Alfredo
Publisher: name: Salvador Milla, Alfredo
Year: 2017

description: Reptiles - Orden Squamata - Familia Lacertidae en la Enciclopedia Virtual de Vertebrados Españoles, http://www.vertebradosibericos.org/. Versiones anteriores: 22-09-2004; 11-01-2006; 5-12-2006; 2-04-2007; 23-01-2008; 5-08-2009; 23-09-2009; 31-08-2011; 26-06-2015
description: A comprehensive review of the natural history of the Ocellated lizard Timon lepidus in Spain.
Hydrogen in Type Ic Supernovae?
Creators: name: Branch, David
name: Jeffery, David J.
name: Young, Timothy R.
name: Baron, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: By definition, a Type Ic supernova (SN Ic) does not have conspicuous lines of hydrogen or helium in its optical spectrum. SNe Ic usually are modelled in terms of the gravitational collapse of bare carbon-oxygen cores. We consider the possibility that the spectra of ordinary (SN 1994I-like) SNe Ic have been misinterpreted, and that SNe Ic eject hydrogen. An absorption feature usually attributed to a blend of Si II 6355 and C II 6580 may be produced by H-alpha. If SN 1994I-like SNe Ic eject hydrogen, the possibility that hypernova (SN 1998bw-like) SNe Ic, some of which are associated with gamma-ray bursts, also eject hydrogen should be considered. The implications of hydrogen for SN Ic progenitors and explosion models are briefly discussed.
description: Accepted by PASP. Several significant changes including one additional figure
Probing hyperon electric dipole moments with a full angular analysis
Creators: name: Fu, Jinlin
name: Li, Hai-Bo
name: Wang, Jian-Peng
name: Yu, Fu-Sheng
name: Zhang, Jianyu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The electric dipole moment (EDM) of elementary particles, arising from flavor-diagonal $CP$ violation, serves as a powerful probe for new physics beyond the Standard Model and holds the potential to provide novel insights in unraveling the puzzle of the matter-dominated Universe. Hyperon EDM is a largely unexplored territory. In this paper, we present a comprehensive angular analysis that focuses on entangled hyperon-antihyperon pairs in $J/ψ$ decays for the indirect extraction of hyperon EDM. The statistical sensitivities are investigated for BESIII and the proposed Super Tau-Charm Facility (STCF). Leveraging the statistics from the BESIII experiment, the estimated sensitivity for $Λ$ EDM can reach an impressive level of $10^{-19}$ $e$ cm, achieving a 3-orders-of-magnitude improvement over the only existing measurement in a fixed-target experiment at Fermilab with similar statistics. The estimated sensitivities for the $Σ^+$, $Ξ^-$, and $Ξ^0$ hyperons at the same level of $10^{-19}$ $e$ cm will mark the first-ever achievement and the latter two will be the first exploration of hyperons with two strange valence quarks. The EDM measurements for hyperons conducted at the BESIII experiment will be a significant milestone and serve as a litmus test for new physics such as supersymmetry and the left-right symmetrical model. Furthermore, at the STCF experiment, the sensitivity of hyperon EDM measurements can be further enhanced by 2 orders of magnitude. Additionally, this angular analysis enables the determination of $CP$ violation in hyperon decays, the effective weak mixing angle, and beam polarization.
Reconstruction of solar irradiance using the Group sunspot number
Creators: name: Balmaceda, L.
name: Krivova, N. A.
name: Solanki, S. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a reconstruction of total solar irradiance since 1610 to the present based on variations of the surface distribution of the solar magnetic field. The latter is calculated from the historical record of the Group sunspot number using a simple but consistent physical model. Our model successfully reproduces three independent data sets: total solar irradiance measurements available since 1978, total photospheric magnetic flux from 1974 and the open magnetic flux since 1868 (as empirically reconstructed from the geomagnetic aa-index). The model predicts an increase in the total solar irradiance since the Maunder Minimum of about 1.3 \rm{Wm$^{-2}$}.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures, Advances in Space Research, in press
Murciélagos ratoneros grises – Myotis nattereri (Kuhl, 1817) / Myotis escalerai Cabrera 1904
Creators: name: Quetglas, Juan
name: Salvador Milla, Alfredo
Publisher: name: Carrascal, Luis M.
Year: 2008

description: Mamíferos - Orden Quiroptera - Familia Vespertilionidae en la Enciclopedia Virtual de Vertebrados Españoles, http://www.vertebradosibericos.org/. Versión anterior: 12-03-2004
description: A comprehensive review of the natural history of the Natterer's bat Myotis nattereri / Myotis escalerai in Spain.
Willingness to Pay for Recreational Land Use in Minnesota
Creators: name: Card. Johnson, Rutherford
name: Walker II, Eddie G.
name: Card. Johnson, Rutherford
name: Walker II, Eddie G.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Farm Management
subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: Land use
subject: ecotourism
subject: economic behaviour
subject: decision strategies
subject: environmental economics

description: Decision strategy pertaining to discretionary activities such as recreation may have inherently psychological components that are difficult to observe or unobservable. Also, geographical factors may exist when possible recreation site choices are geographically dispersed, whether amenities are similar or not. The choice to visit a recreational facility, then, comes with both a potential utility reward and a potential utility risk. Prior literature has demonstrated that recreational site selection may either be from the perspective of utility maximisation or regret minimisation. Minnesota, USA, is a well-known recreational destination year-round, with recreational consumers coming from all over the state itself and from around the US and Canada. The major regions of the state each have recreational sites making use of their countryside capital, but they differ in population as well as distance from major population centres, such as Minneapolis and Duluth. This study considers various easily observable traits of recreational consumers in the psychological framework of decision strategy to determine their influence on preferences for recreation in Minnesota overall and in its several distinct regions. Such decisions may point to efforts to hedge against emotional risk in the process of utility maximisation and regret minimisation. That information can be used to make better-informed recreational policy in the state of Minnesota, as well as improve local regional policy and corporate efforts to maximise benefit from countryside capital.
On the importance of illustration for mathematical research
Creators: name: Coulon, Rémi
name: Dorfsman-Hopkins, Gabriel
name: Harriss, Edmund
name: Skrodzki, Martin
name: Stange, Katherine E.
name: Whitney, Glen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: History and Overview (math.HO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 01-02, 01A65, 01A67, 00-02

description: Mathematical understanding is built in many ways. Among these, illustration has been a companion and tool for research for as long as research has taken place. We use the term illustration to encompass any way one might bring a mathematical idea into physical form or experience, including hand-made diagrams or models, computer visualization, 3D printing, and virtual reality, among many others. The very process of illustration itself challenges our mathematical understanding and forces us to answer questions we may not have posed otherwise. It can even make mathematics an experimental science, in which immersive exploration of data and representations drive the cycle of problem, conjecture, and proof. Today, modern technology for the first time places the production of highly complicated models within the reach of many individual mathematicians. Here, we sketch the rich history of illustration, highlight important recent examples of its contribution to research, and examine how it can be viewed as a discipline in its own right.
description: 16 pages, 17 figures
Droplet settling on solids coated with a soft layer
Creators: name: Poulain, Stéphane
name: Carlson, Andreas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Gravitational settling of a droplet in air onto a soft substrate is a ubiquitous event relevant to many natural processes and engineering applications. We study this phenomenon by developing a three-phase lubrication model of droplet settling onto a solid substrate coated by a thin soft layer represented by a viscous film, an elastic compressible layer and an elastic sheet supported by a viscous film. By combining scaling analysis, analytical methods, and numerical simulations we elucidate how the resulting droplet dynamics is affected by the nature of the soft layer. We show that these soft layers can significantly affect the droplet shape during gravitational settling. When there is a linear response of the deformations of the soft layer, the air layer takes longer to drain as compared to the case of a droplet settling onto a rigid substrate. Our results provide new insight into the coupled interactions between droplets and solids coated by a thin film of a soft material.
description: 26 pages, 13 figures, 1 table
Ohmic and non-Ohmic Andreev transport through an interface between superconductor and hopping insulator: Dramatic role of barrier properties
Creators: name: Kirkengen, M.
name: Bergli, J.
name: Galperin, Y. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: At low temperatures and voltages tunneling transport through an interface between a superconductor and hopping insulator is dominated by coherent two-electron tunneling between the Cooper-pair condensate and pairs of localized states, see Kozub et al., PRL 96, 107004 (2006). By detailed analysis of such transport we show that the interface resistance is extremely sensitive to the properties of the tunneling barriers, as well as to asymptotic behavior of the localized states. In particular, dramatic cancellation takes place for hydrogen-like impurities and ideal barrier. However, some disorder can lift the cancellations restoring the interface transport. We also study non-Ohmic behavior of the interface resistor and show that it is sensitive to the Coulomb correlation of the occupation probabilities of the involved localized states. It is expected that non-Ohmic contribution to I-V-curve will experience pronounced mesoscopic (fingerprint) fluctuations.
Relativistic second-order viscous hydrodynamics from kinetic theory with extended relaxation-time approximation
Creators: name: Dash, Dipika
name: Jaiswal, Sunil
name: Bhadury, Samapan
name: Jaiswal, Amaresh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use the extended relaxation time approximation for the collision kernel, which incorporates a particle-energy dependent relaxation time, to derive second-order viscous hydrodynamics from the Boltzmann equation for a system of massless particles. The resulting transport coefficients are found to be sensitive to the energy dependence of the relaxation time and have significant influence on the fluid's evolution. Using the derived hydrodynamic equations, we study the evolution of a fluid undergoing (0+1)-dimensional expansion with Bjorken symmetry and investigate the fixed point structure inherent in the equations. Further, by employing a power law parametrization to describe the energy dependence of the relaxation time, we successfully reproduce the stable free-streaming fixed point for a specific power of the energy dependence. The impact of the energy-dependent relaxation time on the processes of isotropization and thermalization of an expanding plasma is discussed.
description: 14 pages, 4 figure. Matches published version
Conservation of dielectric constant upon amorphization in perovskite oxides
Creators: name: Delugas, Pietro
name: Fiorentini, Vincenzo
name: Filippetti, Alessio
name: Pourtois, Geoffrey
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report calculations indicating that amorphous RAO$_3$ oxides, with R and A trivalent cations, have approximately the same static dielectric constant as their perovskite crystal phase. The effect is due to the disorder-activated polar response of non-polar crystal modes at low frequency, which compensates a moderate but appreciable reduction of the ionic dynamical charges. The dielectric response was studied via density-functional perturbation theory. Amorphous samples were generated by molecular dynamics melt-and-quench simulations.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures
A study on dynamics and multiscale complexity of a neuro system
Creators: name: Palit, Sanjay K.
name: Mukherjee, Sayan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 37-XX

description: We explore the chaotic dynamics and complexity of a neuro-system with respect to variable synaptic weights in both noise free and noisy conditions. The chaotic dynamics of the system is investigated by bifurcation analysis and 0-1 test. A multiscale complexity of the system is proposed based on the notion of recurrence plot density entropy. Numerical results support the proposed analysis. Impact of music on the aforesaid neuro-system has also been studied. The analysis shows that inclusion of white noise even with a minimal strength makes the neuro dynamics more complex, where as music signal keeps the dynamics almost similar to that of the original system. This is properly interpreted by the proposed multiscale complexity measure.
description: 10 pages
Financial Performance of Specialized Dairy Farms
Creators: name: Ahearn, Mary
name: Dubman, Robert
name: Hanson, Gregory
name: Ahearn, Mary
name: Dubman, Robert
name: Hanson, Gregory
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1987
Subjects: Financial Economics
Livestock Production/Industries
Production Economics

description: Specialized dairy farms--those with at least 50 percent of their production from dairy products and with at least $40,000 in total production--fared somewhat better in 1985 than did other U.S. farms. Midsized dairy farms with sales of $100,000 to $499,999 were especially sound in that they had the highest net returns on gross revenue and the lowest overall cost ratio. U.S. dairy production is concentrated in the East North Central and the North Atlantic regions, with other sizable concentrations in the West North Central and Pacific regions. Specialized dairy farms in the North Atlantic region were the most prosperous by several measures: they had the highest returns on gross revenue, the lowest overall cost ratio, and the region had the largest share of farms with positive net returns.
Sensitivity of time-distance helioseismic measurements to spatial variation of oscillation amplitudes I. Observations and a numerical model
Creators: name: Rajaguru, S. P.
name: Birch, A. C.
name: Duvall, T. L.
name: Thompson, M. J.
name: Zhao, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is well known that the observed amplitude of solar oscillations is lower in sunspots than in quiet regions of the Sun. We show that this local reduction in oscillation amplitudes combined with the phase-speed filtering procedure in time-distance helioseismic analyses could be a source of systematic errors in the range of 5 - 40% in the measured travel-time anomalies of acoustic waves around sunspots. Removing these travel time artifacts is important for correctly inferring the subsurface structure of sunspots. We suggest an empirical correction procedure and illustrate its usage for a small sunspot. This work utilizes data from MDI/SOHO.
description: 21 pages, 9 figures, Scheduled to appear in the ApJ 20 July 2006, v646n 1 issue
Educators as Empowerers: A Small-Scale Study of Opportunities to Expand the Scope of ITT Programmes, with a Particular Focus on Prison Education
Creators: name: Warner, L.
name: Schwarz, J.
Publisher: name: The School of Education and Communities, University of East London
Year: 2020

description: This paper considers the scope of initial teacher training (ITT) programmes at UK universities and the extent to which they prepare teachers to empower learners outside of mainstream, compulsory schooling. Education is widely considered as a human right and an essential tool for social mobility, with the power to ‘enrich human capabilities and change behaviour’ (Cohen 2011: 4–5); in this paper, we explore the limitations of that in reality, considering educational provision, opportunities for funding and attitudes towards adult education. The paper compares attitudes towards school education and prison education, examining the potential for greater cohesion and the importance of rehabilitation. We draw on evidence from the literature; our own experience as ITT students and, subsequently, secondary school teachers; and a collaborative trainee teacher and prison learner programme between the School of Education, University of East London, and the prison HMP Isis. The paper concludes by discussing the potential for future, more inclusive ITT programmes which consider the role of education outside of schools, the implications of this and recommendations for the future.
Editorial on the Special Issue “New Aspects on Migrant Populations in Europe: Norms, Attitudes and Intentions in Fertility and Family Planning”
Creators: name: Milewski, Nadja
name: Mussino, Eleonora
Publisher: name: Federal Institute for Population Research
Year: 2019
Subjects: Fertility norms; Family planning; Immigrants; Second generation; Cultural integration

description: This paper reviews the most recent literature on the fertility of migrant populations in Europe. In a systematic review of 21 peer-reviewed journals, we found that the literature has focused almost exclusively on actual behaviours related to the quantum and timing of births; it primarily investigates the determinants of demographic behaviour related to the structural integration of migrants. Previous literature on the demographic behaviour of migrants in Europe used factors related to culture more as a residual explanation for group differences, but it barely addressed their role specifically. The aim of our Special Issue is to draw attention to the normative side of fertility and to include aspects of reproductive health and family planning in the picture – both aspects are related to culture. This paper includes a short introduction to the articles contained in this Special Issue and proposes recommendations for future research.
description: Comparative Population Studies, Vol 43 (2018)
Additional file 1 of The moderating effect of emotional competence on job satisfaction and organisational commitment of healthcare professionals
Creators: name: Stamouli, Elena
name: Gerbeth, Sebastian
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1.
New Galactic Wolf-Rayet stars, and candidates. An annex to The VIIth Catalogue of Galactic Wolf-Rayet Stars
Creators: name: van der Hucht, Karel A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper gathers, from the literature and private communication, 72 new Galactic Population I Wolf-Rayet stars and 17 candidate WCLd stars, recognized and/or discovered after the publication of The VIIth Catalogue of Galactic Wolf-Rayet Stars. This brings the total number of known Galactic Wolf-Rayet stars to 298, of which 24 (8%) are in open cluster Westerlund 1, and 60 (20%) are in open clusters near the Galactic Center.
description: 10 pages. A&A Research Note, accepted
Phase diffusion pattern in quantum nondemolition systems
Creators: name: Banerjee, Subhashish
name: Ghosh, Joyee
name: Ghosh, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We quantitatively analyze the dynamics of the quantum phase distribution associated with the reduced density matrix of a system, as the system evolves under the influence of its environment with an energy-preserving quantum nondemolition (QND) type of coupling. We take the system to be either an oscillator (harmonic or anharmonic) or a two-level atom (or equivalently, a spin-1/2 system), and model the environment as a bath of harmonic oscillators, initially in a general squeezed thermal state. The impact of the different environmental parameters is explicitly brought out as the system starts out in various initial states. The results are applicable to a variety of physical systems now studied experimentally with QND measurements.
description: 18 pages, REVTeX, 8 figures
Motional narrowing, ballistic transport, and trapping of room-temperature exciton polaritons in an atomically-thin semiconductor
Creators: name: Wurdack, M.
name: Estrecho, E.
name: Todd, S.
name: Yun, T.
name: Pieczarka, M.
name: Earl, S. K.
name: Davis, J. A.
name: Schneider, C.
name: Truscott, A. G.
name: Ostrovskaya, E. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Atomically-thin transition metal dichalcogenide crystals (TMDCs) hold great promise for future semiconductor optoelectronics due to their unique electronic and optical properties. In particular, electron-hole pairs (excitons) in TMDCs are stable at room temperature and interact strongly with light. When TMDCs are embedded in an optical microcavity, the excitons can hybridise with cavity photons to form exciton polaritons (polaritons herein), which display both ultrafast velocities and strong interactions. The ability to manipulate and trap polaritons on a microchip is critical for future applications. Here, we create a potential landscape for room-temperature polaritons in monolayer WS$_2$, and demonstrate their free propagation and trapping. We show that the effect of dielectric disorder, which restricts the diffusion of WS$_2$ excitons and broadens their spectral resonance, is dramatically reduced in the strong exciton-photon coupling regime leading to motional narrowing. This enables the ballistic transport of WS$_2$ polaritons across tens of micrometers with an extended range of partial first-order coherence. Moreover, the dephasing of trapped polaritons is dramatically suppressed compared to both WS$_2$ excitons and free polaritons. Our results demonstrate the possibility of long-range transport and efficient trapping of TMDC polaritons in ambient conditions.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures
Optical Memory in a Microfabricated Rubidium Vapor Cell
Creators: name: Mottola, Roberto
name: Buser, Gianni
name: Treutlein, Philipp
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Scalability presents a central platform challenge for the components of current quantum network implementations that can be addressed by microfabrication techniques. We demonstrate a high-bandwidth optical memory using a warm alkali atom ensemble in a microfabricated vapor cell compatible with wafer-scale fabrication. By applying an external tesla-order magnetic field, we explore a novel ground-state quantum memory scheme in the hyperfine Paschen-Back regime, where individual optical transitions can be addressed in a Doppler-broadened medium. Working on the $^{87}$Rb D$_2$ line, where deterministic quantum dot single-photon sources are available, we demonstrate bandwidth-matching with hundreds of megahertz broad light pulses keeping such sources in mind. For a storage time of 80 ns we measure an end-to-end efficiency of $η_{e2e}^{\text{80ns}} = 3.12(17)\%$, corresponding to an internal efficiency of $η_{\text{int}}^{\text{0ns}} = 24(3)\%$, while achieving a signal-to-noise ratio of $\text{SNR} = 7.9(8)$ with coherent pulses at the single-photon level.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures
Casimir pressure in peptide films on metallic substrates: Change of sign via graphene coating
Creators: name: Klimchitskaya, G. L.
name: Mostepanenko, V. M.
name: Velichko, V. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We find that the Casimir pressure in peptide films deposited on metallic substrates is always repulsive which makes these films less stable. It is shown that by adding a graphene sheet on top of peptide film one can change the sign of the Casimir pressure by making it attractive. For this purpose, the formalism of the Lifshitz theory is extended to the case when the film and substrate materials are described by the frequency-dependent dielectric permittivities, whereas the response of graphene to the electromagnetic field is governed by the polarization tensor in (2+1)-dimensional space-time found in the framework of the Dirac model. Both pristine and gapped and doped graphene sheets are considered possessing some nonzero energy gap and chemical potential. According to our results, in all cases the presence of graphene sheet makes the Casimir pressure in peptide film deposited on a metallic substrate attractive starting from some minimum film thickness. The value of this minimum thickness becomes smaller with increasing chemical potential and larger with increasing energy gap and the fraction of water in peptide film. The physical explanation for these results is provided, and their possible applications in organic electronics are discussed.
description: 11 pages, 6 figures; accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. B
MOESM1 of Enhanced extracellular expression of Bacillus stearothermophilus Îą-amylase in Bacillus subtilis through signal peptide optimization, chaperone overexpression and Îą-amylase mutant selection
Creators: name: Yao, Dongbang
name: Su, Lingqia
name: Li, Na
name: Wu, Jing
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1: Figure S1. N-terminal amino acid sequence results of inclusion bodies. (A) Standard mixtures of 19 type PTH amino acids. (B)-(F) is the 1â 5 amino acids of inclusion bodies N-terminus. Table S1. Primers used in this study.
Electromagnetically Induced Transparency and Optical Pumping in the Hyperfine Paschen-Back Regime
Creators: name: Mottola, Roberto
name: Buser, Gianni
name: Treutlein, Philipp
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report spectroscopy experiments of rubidium vapor in a high magnetic field under conditions of electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) and optical pumping. The 1.1 T static magnetic field decouples nuclear and electronic spins and shifts each magnetic state via the Zeeman effect, allowing us to resolve individual optical transitions of the D$_2$ line in a Doppler-broadened medium. By varying the control laser power driving one leg of a spectrally isolated $Λ$ system we tune the vapor from the EIT regime to conditions of Autler-Townes line splitting. The resulting spectra conform to simple three-level models demonstrating the effective simplification of the energetic structure. Further, we quantify the viability of state preparation via optical pumping on nuclear spin-forbidden transitions. We conclude that the ``cleanliness'' of this system greatly enhances the capabilities of quantum control in hot vapor, offering advantages in a broad variety of quantum applications plagued by spurious light-matter interaction processes, such as atomic quantum memories for light.
description: 10 pages, 7 figures
ЖЕЛЧНЫЕ КИСЛОТЫ — НОВЫЙ ТИП СТЕРОИДНЫХ ГОРМОНОВ, РЕГУЛИРУЮЩИХ НЕСПЕЦИФИЧЕСКИЕ ЭНЕРГОТРАТЫ ОРГАНИЗМА
Creators: name: Бабаджанова, Ф.А.
name: Аблакулова, Ш.A.
name: Джураева, М.Д.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: Желчные кислоты (ЖК) долгое время рассматривались исключительно как агенты, участвующие в пищеварении и всасывании жиров. Однако современные научные исследования открывают новые аспекты их биологической активности. ЖК теперь рассматриваются как новый класс стероидных гормонов, играющих важную роль в регуляции энергетических затрат организма и влияющих на обмен веществ, развитие ожирения и сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний (ССЗ). В данном обзоре подробно рассматриваются механизмы действия ЖК, их влияние на энергетический метаболизм и потенциал использования в клинической медицине.
Ecoacoustics: Ecology and Environmentalism in Contemporary Music and Sound Art
Creators: name: Gilmurray, Jonathan
Publisher: name: University of the Arts London
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 369999
subject: Other creative arts and writing not elsewhere classified

description: Ecoacoustics: Ecology and Environmentalism in Contemporary Music and Sound ArtPhD Research Degree Jono Gilmurray Completed 2018A digital copy of this thesis is available from the UAL Research Online repository
Additional file 1 of The glycoproteomics of hawk and caiman tears
Creators: name: Raposo, Ana Cláudia
name: Lebrilla, Carlito
name: Portela, Ricardo Wagner
name: Xu, Gege
name: Oriá, Arianne Pontes
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 1.