cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Parallel Dynamics and Computational Complexity of Network Growth Models
Creators: name: Machta, Benjamin
name: Machta, Jonthan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The parallel computational complexity or depth of growing network models is investigated. The networks considered are generated by preferential attachment rules where the probability of attaching a new node to an existing node is given by a power, $α$ of the connectivity of the existing node. Algorithms for generating growing networks very quickly in parallel are described and studied. The sublinear and superlinear cases require distinct algorithms. As a result, there is a discontinuous transition in the parallel complexity of sampling these networks corresponding to the discontinuous structural transition at $α=1$, where the networks become scale free. For $α>1$ networks can be generated in constant time while for $0 \leq α< 1$ logarithmic parallel time is required. The results show that these networks have little depth and embody very little history dependence despite being defined by sequential growth rules.
description: 10 pages, 2 figures
GRB 111209A/SN 2011kl: Collapse of a supramassive magnetar with r-mode oscillation and fall-back accretion onto a newborn black hole
Creators: name: Lin, Jie
name: Lu, Rui-Jing
name: Lin, Da-Bin
name: Wang, Xiang-Gao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Ultra-long-duration gamma-ray burst GRB 111209A was found to be associated with a very luminous supernovae (SNe) SN 2011kl. The physics of GRB 111209A/SN 2011kl has been extensively studied in the literures, but does not settle down yet. By investigating in detail the characteristics of the X-ray light curve of GRB 111209A, coupled with the temporal and spectral features observed in SN 2011kl, we argue that a short-living supramassive magnetar can be responsible for the initial shallow X-ray emission. Then the electromagnetic extraction of spin energy from a black hole results in the steeply declining X-ray flux when the magnetar collapses into a black hole (BH). A fraction of the envelope materials falls back and activates the accretion onto the newborn BH, which produces the X-ray rebrightening bump at late times. During this process, a centrifugally driven baryon-rich quasi-isotropic Blandford \& Payne outflow from the revived accretion disk deposits its kinetic energy on the SN ejecta, which powers luminous SN 2011kl. Finally, we place a limitation on the magnetar's physical parameters based on the observations.
description: 15 pages, 3 figures. To be accepted for publication in ApJ
Effects of Credit Constraint on Productivity and Rural Household Income in China
Creators: name: Dong, Fengxia
name: Lu, Jing
name: Featherstone, Allen M.
name: Dong, Fengxia
name: Lu, Jing
name: Featherstone, Allen M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Agricultural Finance
subject: International Development
subject: rural credit constraint
subject: productivity
subject: household income
subject: China

description: Chinese rural household has been always facing credit constraints. Few institutions lend loans to farmers because of financial risks. Farmers have to use usury or other informal sources to meet the financial needs for production. This credit constraint has been forcing farmers to deviate from optimal resource allocation and production arrangement. Consequently, it affects farmers’ income growth. Therefore, the objective of this study is to examine how credit constraint affects agricultural productivity and rural household income and discuss some consequent policy implications.
Relativistic non-equilibrium thermodynamics revisited
Creators: name: Garcia-Colin, L. S.
name: Sandoval-Villalbazo, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Relativistic irreversible thermodynamics is reformulated following the conventional approach proposed by Meixner in the non-relativistic case. Clear separation between mechanical and non-mechanical energy fluxes is made. The resulting equations for the entropy production and the local internal energy have the same structure as the non-relativistic ones. Assuming linear constitutive laws, it is shown that consistency is obtained both with the laws of thermodynamics and causality.
description: 11 pages, no figures
Post-inflationary behavior of adiabatic perturbations and tensor-to-scalar ratio
Creators: name: Linde, Andrei
name: Mukhanov, Viatcheslav
name: Sasaki, Misao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explain why it is so difficult and perhaps even impossible to increase the cosmological tensor-to-scalar perturbation ratio during the post-inflationary evolution of the universe. Nevertheless, contrary to some recent claims, tensor perturbations can be relatively large in the simplest inflationary models which do not violate any rules of modern quantum field theory.
description: 9 pages; references added
Additional file 1 of Mobilization practices in critically ill children: a European point prevalence study (EU PARK-PICU)
Creators: name: Ista, Erwin
name: Scholefield, Barnaby R.
name: Manning, Joseph C.
name: Harth, Irene
name: Gawronski, Orsola
name: Bartkowska-Śniatkowska, Alicja
name: Anne-Sylvie Ramelet
name: Kudchadkar, Sapna R.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1. Mobilisation practices in critically ill children: A European point prevalence study (EU PARK-PICU), contain the following information: 1 Additional description of data analysis. 2 eTables. 3 eFigures.
Study of e+e- --> pi+ pi- pi0 process using initial state radiation with BABAR
Creators: name: The BABAR Collaboration
name: Aubert, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The process e+e- --> pi+ pi- pi0 gamma has been studied at a center-of-mass energy near the Y(4S) resonance using a 89.3 fb-1 data sample collected with the BaBar detector at the PEP-II collider. From the measured 3pi mass spectrum we have obtained the products of branching fractions for the omega and phi mesons, B(omega --> e+e-)B(omega --> 3pi)=(6.70 +/- 0.06 +/- 0.27)10-5 and B(phi --> e+e-)B(phi --> 3pi)=(4.30 +/- 0.08 +/- 0.21)10-5, and evaluated the e+e- --> pi+ pi- pi0 cross section for the e+e- center-of-mass energy range 1.05 to 3.00 GeV. About 900 e+e- --> J/psi gamma --> pi+ pi- pi0 gamma events have been selected and the branching fraction B(J/psi --> pi+ pi- pi0)=(2.18 +/- 0.19)% has been measured.
description: 21 pages, 37 postscript figues, submitted to Phys. Rev. D
D2.3.23 - Final report on the evaluated dataset & final documented/prioritised country specific traditional foods files and report on the additional prioritised country specific traditional foods
Creators: name: National Institute of Health Dr. Ricardo Jorge
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2005
Subjects: NoE and NEXUS Projects
The EuroFIR Food Platform
EuroFIR

description:  

Final report on the evaluated dataset & final documented/prioritised country specific traditional foods files and report on the additional prioritised country specific traditional foods
A Transition-edge Sensor-based X-ray Spectrometer for the Study of Highly Charged Ions at the National Institute of Standards and Technology Electron Beam Ion Trap
Creators: name: Szypryt, P.
name: O'Neil, G. C.
name: Takacs, E.
name: Tan, J. N.
name: Buechele, S. W.
name: Naing, A. S.
name: Bennett, D. A.
name: Doriese, W. B.
name: Durkin, M.
name: Fowler, J. W.
name: Gard, J. D.
name: Hilton, G. C.
name: Morgan, K. M.
name: Reintsema, C. D.
name: Schmidt, D. R.
name: Swetz, D. S.
name: Ullom, J. N.
name: Ralchenko, Yu.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on the design, commissioning, and initial measurements of a Transition-edge Sensor (TES) x-ray spectrometer for the Electron Beam Ion Trap (EBIT) at the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST). Over the past few decades, the NIST EBIT has produced numerous studies of highly charged ions in diverse fields such as atomic physics, plasma spectroscopy, and laboratory astrophysics. The newly commissioned NIST EBIT TES Spectrometer (NETS) improves the measurement capabilities of the EBIT through a combination of high x-ray collection efficiency and resolving power. NETS utilizes 192 individual TES x-ray microcalorimeters (166/192 yield) to improve upon the collection area by a factor of ~30 over the 4-pixel neutron transmutation doped germanium-based microcalorimeter spectrometer previously used at the NIST EBIT. The NETS microcalorimeters are optimized for the x-ray energies from roughly 500 eV to 8,000 eV and achieve an energy resolution of 3.7 eV to 5.0 eV over this range, a more modest (<2X) improvement over the previous microcalorimeters. Beyond this energy range NETS can operate with various trade-offs, the most significant of which are reduced efficiency at lower energies and being limited to a subset of the pixels at higher energies. As an initial demonstration of the capabilities of NETS, we measured transitions in He-like and H-like O, Ne, and Ar as well as Ni-like W. We detail the energy calibration and data analysis techniques used to transform detector counts into x-ray spectra, a process that will be the basis for analyzing future data.
Supplementary Figures from The microdynamics shaping the relationship between democracy and corruption
Creators: name: Podobnik, Boris
name: Jusup, Marko
name: Korošak, Dean
name: Holme, Petter
name: Lipić, Tomislav
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 20304 Thermodynamics and Statistical Physics
subject: FOS: Mechanical engineering
subject: 80110 Simulation and Modelling
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 80201 Analysis of Algorithms and Complexity

description: Physics has a long tradition of laying rigorous quantitative foundations for social phenomena. Here, we up the ante for physics forays into the territory of social sciences by (i) empirically documenting a tipping point in the relationship between democratic norms and corruption suppression, and then (ii) demonstrating how such a tipping point emerges from a micro-scale mechanistic model of spin dynamics in a complex network. Specifically, the tipping point in the relationship between democratic norms and corruption suppression is such that democratization has little effect on suppressing corruption below a critical threshold, but a large effect above the threshold. The micro-scale model of spin dynamics underpins this phenomenon by reinterpreting spins in terms of unbiased (i.e. altruistic) and biased (i.e. parochial) other-regarding behaviour, as well as the corresponding voting preferences. Under weak democratic norms, dense social connections of parochialists enable coercing enough opportunist voters to vote in favour of perpetuating parochial in-group bias. Society may, however, strengthen democratic norms in a rapid turn of events during which opportunists adopt altruism and vote to subdue bias. The emerging model outcome at the societal scale thus mirrors the data, implying that democracy either perpetuates or suppresses corruption depending on the prevailing democratic norms.
Hysteresis and Noise in Stripe and Clump Forming Systems
Creators: name: Reichhardt, C.
name: Reichhardt, C. J. Olson
name: Bishop, A. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use simulations to examine hysteresis and noise in a model system that produces heterogeneous orderings including stripe and clump phases. In the presence of a disordered substrate, these heterogeneous phases exhibit 1/f$^α$ noise and hysteresis in transport. The noise fluctuations are maximal in the heterogeneous phases, while in the uniform phases the hysteresis vanishes and both $α$ and the noise power decrease. We compare our results to recent experiments exhibiting noise and hysteresis in high-temperature superconductors where charge heterogeneities may occur.
description: 4 pages, 5 postscript figures
Enhancing Learning via the Internet: The Internet Agricultural Bank Simulation Game
Creators: name: Briggeman, Brian C.
name: Detre, Joshua D.
name: Doye, Damona G.
name: Lansford, Notie H.
name: Briggeman, Brian C.
name: Detre, Joshua D.
name: Doye, Damona G.
name: Lansford, Notie H.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Agricultural Finance
subject: Financial Economics
subject: Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession
subject: banking
subject: simulation
subject: experiential learning

description: The Oklahoma Agricultural Bank Simulation Game (Ag Bank Sim) is a software based, experiential learning tool through which participants historically have learned key financial, economic, and banking lessons. The game offers a “real world” experience in which management decisions affect institutions interacting in a geographic market, enhancing understanding of the complex, competitive environment within which commercial banks operate. A new Internet version of the game has been developed, allowing participants to play Ag Bank Sim in a virtual environment. This poster highlights features of the game and reports results of pre and post tests of undergraduate students playing the game at Louisiana State University and Oklahoma State University in the spring 2010 semester. Through playing Ag Bank Sim, participants improved understanding of key concepts. The Internet environment enhanced both the student and instructor experience.
Chiral radiative corrections and D_s(2317)/D(2308) mass puzzle
Creators: name: Lee, Taekoon
name: Lee, Ian Woo
name: Min, D. P.
name: Park, Byung-Yoon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that one loop chiral corrections for heavy-light mesons in potential model can explain the small mass of D_s(2317) as well as the small mass gap between D_s(2317) and D(2308).
description: To appear in EPJC. A figure and references addeded
Photoabsorption and Photoproduction on Nuclei in the Resonance Region
Creators: name: Schadmand, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Inclusive studies of nuclear photoabsorption have provided clear evidence of medium modifications in the properties of hadrons. However, the results have not been explained in a model independent way. A deeper understanding of the situation is expected from a detailed comparison of meson photoproduction from nucleons and from nuclei in exclusive reactions. Recent experimental results are presented.
description: Proceedings Duality 2005
Fundamental decoherence from relational time in discrete quantum gravity: Galilean covariance
Creators: name: Gambini, Rodolfo
name: Porto, Rafael
name: Pullin, Jorge
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have recently argued that if one introduces a relational time in quantum mechanics and quantum gravity, the resulting quantum theory is such that pure states evolve into mixed states. The rate at which states decohere depends on the energy of the states. There is therefore the question of how this can be reconciled with Galilean invariance. More generally, since the relational description is based on objects that are not Dirac observables, the issue of covariance is of importance in the formalism as a whole. In this note we work out an explicit example of a totally constrained, generally covariant system of non-relativistic particles that shows that the formula for the relational conditional probability is a Galilean scalar and therefore the decoherence rate is invariant.
description: 10 pages, RevTex
Mechanisms underpinning the effect of exercise on the non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: review
Creators: name: Bekheit, Mohamed
name: Kamera, Blessed
name: Colacino, Laura
name: Dropmann, Anne
name: Delibegovic, Mirela
name: Almadhoob, Fatema
name: Hanafy, Nemany
name: Bermano, Giovanna
name: Hammad, Seddik
Publisher: name: IfADo - Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors, Dortmund
Year: 2025
Subjects: non-alcoholic fatty liver disease
metabolic liver disease
exercise
lifestyle

description: Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) – whose terminology was recently replaced by metabolic liver disease (MAFLD) - is an accumulation of triglycerides in the liver of >5 % of its weight. Epidemiological studies indicated an association between NAFLD and reduced physical activity. In addition, exercise has been shown to improve NAFLD independently of weight loss. In this paper, we aim to systematically review molecular changes in sedentary experimental NAFLD models vs. those subjected to exercise. We utilized the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) checklist and standard review techniques. Studies were considered for inclusion if they addressed the primary question: the mechanisms by which exercise influenced NAFLD. This review summarized experimental evidence of improvements in NAFLD with exercise in the absence of weight loss. The pathways involved appeared to have AMPK as a common denominator.
description: EXCLI Journal; 24:Doc238; ISSN 1611-2156
The Hubbard model at half-filling, part III: the lower bound on the self-energy
Creators: name: Afchain, Stephane
name: Magnen, Jacques
name: Rivasseau, Vincent
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We complete the proof that the two-dimensional Hubbard model at half-filling is not a Fermi liquid in the mathematically precise sense of Salmhofer, by establishing a lower bound on a second derivative in momentum of the first non-trivial self-energy graph.
description: 31 pages, 4 figures
Probing the IGM/Galaxy Connection Toward PKS0405-123 I: UV Spectroscopy and Metal-Line Systems
Creators: name: Prochaska, Jason X.
name: Chen, Hsiao-Wen
name: Howk, J. Christopher
name: Weiner, Benjamin J.
name: Mulchaey, John
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present results from an analysis of FUSE and HST/STIS spectroscopy of the z_em=0.57 quasar PKS0405-123. We focus on the intervening metal-line systems identified along the sightline and investigate their ionization mechanism, ionization state, and chemical abundances. We identify six OVI absorbers to a 3sigma equivalent width (EW) limit of 60mA. This implies an incidence dN/dz = 16^{+9}_{-6} consistent with previous OVI studies. In half of the OVI systems we report positive detections of CIII suggesting the gas is predominantly photoionized, has multiple ionization phases, or is in a non-equilibrium state. This contrasts with the general description of the warm-hot intergalactic medium (WHIM) as described by numerical simulations where the gas is predominantly in collisional ionization equilibrium. We have also searched the sightline for the NeVIII doublet (a better probe of WHIM gas with T>10^6K) over the redshift range 0.210^14 cm^-2 is [M/H] ~> -1.5 with large scatter. This significantly exceeds the median metallicity of CIV and OVI systems at z~3 and indicates enrichment of the intergalactic medium over the past 10Gyr. [abriged]
description: 21 pages, 21 figures (mostly color). Accepted to ApJ, August 12, 2004
Third-Party Facilitation of Investments in Private Enforcement Capital: Evidence from Armenian Dairy Industry
Creators: name: Shanoyan, Aleksan
name: Gow, Hamish R.
name: Peterson, H. Christopher
name: Ross, Brent
name: Shanoyan, Aleksan
name: Gow, Hamish R.
name: Peterson, H. Christopher
name: Ross, Brent
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: International Development
subject: market linkages
subject: contract enforcement
subject: dairy
subject: Armenia

description: Globalization and the changing structure of agri-food procurement channels have forced governments and international development community to shift their efforts towards linking farmers to markets through high value added contractual marketing relationships. A critical pre-condition for establishing economically sustainable value chain linkages is the presence of effective contract enforcement mechanisms. In many countries both public and private contract enforcement is poor resulting in high hold-up risk and underinvestment into relationships. This creates an immense challenge for donors and policy makers in facilitating sustainable relationships along the supply chain. This study explores the key elements in the design and implementation of assistance programs that could stimulate development of private contract enforcement mechanisms and improve sustainability of market linkages where the public enforcement is inadequate and the FDI is not present. The analyses are based on the probabilistic hold-up framework and the case of the USDA Marketing Assistance Program in Armenian dairy industry. Findings indicate that incorporation of strategies that stimulate development of private enforcement mechanisms in the design and implementation of market linkage programs by donor and development agencies may lead to establishment of self-enforced supply chain relationships, higher likelihood of long run economic sustainability, and higher program impact for constituents.
Supplemental material belonging to "Prevalence and determinants of diabetes mellitus in 2,338 long-term Dutch childhood cancer survivors (DCCS-LATER2 Study)"
Creators: name: Bolier, Melissa
name: de Winter, Demi T.C.
name: Fiocco, Marta
name: van den Berg, Sjoerd A.A.
name: Bresters, Dorine
name: van Dulmen-den Broeder, Eline
name: der Loo, Margriet van der Heiden-van
name: Hoefer, Imo
name: Janssens, Geert O.
name: Kremer, Leontien C.M.
name: Loonen, Jacqueline J.
name: Louwerens, Marloes
name: van der Pal, Heleen J.
name: Pluijm, Saskia M.F.
name: Tissing, Wim J.E.
name: van Santen, Hanneke M.
name: de Vries, Andrica C.H.
name: van der Lely, Aart-Jan
name: van den Heuvel-Eibrink, Marry M.
name: Neggers, Sebastian J.C.M.M.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2025
Subjects: classificationCode: 429999
subject: Other health sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Supplementary tables and figures belonging to: "Prevalence and determinants of diabetes mellitus in 2,338 long-term Dutch childhood cancer survivors (DCCS-LATER2 Study)"
On ADE Quiver Models and F-Theory Compactification
Creators: name: Belhaj, A.
name: Rasmussen, J.
name: Sebbar, A.
name: Sedra, M. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Based on mirror symmetry, we discuss geometric engineering of N=1 ADE quiver models from F-theory compactifications on elliptic K3 surfaces fibered over certain four-dimensional base spaces. The latter are constructed as intersecting 4-cycles according to ADE Dynkin diagrams, thereby mimicking the construction of Calabi-Yau threefolds used in geometric engineering in type II superstring theory. Matter is incorporated by considering D7-branes wrapping these 4-cycles. Using a geometric procedure referred to as folding, we discuss how the corresponding physics can be converted into a scenario with D5-branes wrapping 2-cycles of ALE spaces.
description: 21 pages, Latex, minor changes
Supplemental Figure 1 from Dominance in humans
Creators: name: Chen Zeng, Tian
name: Cheng, Joey T.
name: Henrich, Joseph
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 60102 Bioinformatics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 170299 Cognitive Science not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: 60801 Animal Behaviour
subject: 10202 Biological Mathematics
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Results of a meta-analysis of effect sizes of physical formidability (dominance) and hunting ability (prestige) on reproductive fitness, based on data reported in Von Rueden and Jaeggi (2016).
A Relational Matrix Algebra and its Implementation in a Column Store
Creators: name: Dolmatova, Oksana
name: Augsten, Nikolaus
name: Boehlen, Michael H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Databases (cs.DB)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Analytical queries often require a mixture of relational and linear algebra operations applied to the same data. This poses a challenge to analytic systems that must bridge the gap between relations and matrices. Previous work has mainly strived to fix the problem at the implementation level. This paper proposes a principled solution at the logical level. We introduce the relational matrix algebra (RMA), which seamlessly integrates linear algebra operations into the relational model and eliminates the dichotomy between matrices and relations. RMA is closed: All our relational matrix operations are performed on relations and result in relations; no additional data structure is required. Our implementation in MonetDB shows the feasibility of our approach, and empirical evaluations suggest that in-database analytics performs well for mixed workloads.
description: 16 pages, 18 figures
Numerical modeling of quasiplanar giant water waves
Creators: name: Ruban, Victor P.
name: Dreher, Juergen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work we present a further analytical development and a numerical implementation of the recently suggested theoretical model for highly nonlinear potential long-crested water waves, where weak three-dimensional effects are included as small corrections to exact two-dimensional equations written in the conformal variables [V.P. Ruban, Phys. Rev. E 71, 055303(R) (2005)]. Numerical experiments based on this theory describe the spontaneous formation of a single weakly three-dimensional large-amplitude wave (alternatively called freak, killer, rogue or giant wave) on the deep water.
description: revtex4, 8 pages, 7 figures
Gravitational Production of Hidden Photon Dark Matter in Light of the XENON1T Excess
Creators: name: Nakayama, Kazunori
name: Tang, Yong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently, the XENON1T experiment has reported an excess in the electronic recoil events. The excess is consistent with the interpretation of absorption of 3keV bosonic dark matter, for example, hidden photon dark matter with kinetic mixing of the order of $10^{-15}$. We point out that the minimally gravitational production provides a viable mechanism for obtaining a correct relic hidden photon abundance. We present parameter dependence of the hidden photon dark matter abundance on the inflationary scale $H_{\rm inf}$ and also the reheating temperature $T_{\rm R}$. We show that the inflationary Hubble scale and reheating temperature are both bounded from below, $H_{\rm inf}\gtrsim 7\times 10^{11}$GeV, $T_{\rm R}\gtrsim 10^2$GeV. In particular, the high-scale inflation is consistent with 3keV hidden photon dark matter.
description: 12 pages, 2 figures; to appear in PLB
La carnavalisation de l’orient dans la prose narrative francophone (post)moderne (Quebec et maghreb)
Creators: name: Benalil, Mounia
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: This study deals with the deconstruction of the representation of the Orient in the francophone contemporary novel and short story. It shows how francophone literary texts mirror camivalesque praxis in their representation of the Orient. I adopt a comparative approach to examine how writers as various as Marie Jose Theriault and Dany Laferriere from Quebec, Assia Djebar and Abdelhak Serhane from the Maghreb inscribe their perception of the Orient as both the Other and the Same. I postulate that a camivalesque reading of a selected body of novels by these writers can provide an appropriate means of systematizing a whole neo-orientalist and counter-neoorientalist mouvement in the literatures of the francophone world. From the theoretical point of view, I demonstrate how the concepts of the camivalesque and the dialogic, developped by Mikhail Bakhtine, allow for a post-colonial and a post-modern reading of the francophone novel in its multi-faceted and contradictory textualities of the Orient. First, I compare orientalist practice in a novel and two collections of short stories by Theriault, "Les demoiselles de Numidie" (1984), "L'envoleurde chevaux" (1986) and "Portraits d'Elsa" (1990) to a novel by Laferriere, "Comment faire I'amour avec un Negre sans se fatiguer" (1985). For Theriault, orientalizing the chronotope of creation goes along with the fantastic articulation of a feminist project. For Laferriere, the orientalist re-invention of islam through the aesthetic of the kitsch offers a possibility of questioning the stereotypes about Negroes in the Quebec of the 1980. Second, I compare a novel by Djebar, "L'amour, la fantasia" (1992) to a novel by Serhane, "Le soleil des obscures" (1992). The polyphony at work in the novel of Djebar is intended to bring the Arab woman on the scene of History during colonized Algeria. Serhane relies on the body's corporeality to subvert the ostracizing structures of the Moroccan tradition. For both writers, resistance to orientalism (as counter-orientalism) is located deconstructively within a project of historical recuperation of the transformational process of identity. Finally, this work shows how, despite the limitations of Bakhtine's theory, the critical function of the carnival brings basic affinities between francophone writers allowing for a reading of a wide range of orientalist practices not only in the literatures of Quebec and the Maghreb, but also in the literatures of the afro-caribbean world and beyond. In the unresolvable debates on identity and alterity, the francophone contemporay novel takes on a camivalesque move by showing the interactions of the myriad forms of cultural display, the material exigencies of reading and the political implications of criticism.
Self-Similar Evolution of Relativistic Shock Waves Emerging from Plane-Parallel Atmospheres
Creators: name: Nakayama, Kazunori
name: Shigeyama, Toshikazu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the evolution of the ultra-relativistic shock wave in a plane-parallel atmosphere adjacent to a vacuum and the subsequent breakout phenomenon. When the density distribution has a power law with the distance from the surface, there is a self-similar motion of the fluid before and after the shock emergence. The time evolution of the Lorentz factor of the shock front is assumed to follow a power law when the time is measured from the moment at which the shock front reaches the surface. The power index is found to be determined by the condition for the flow to extend through a critical point. The energy spectrum of the ejected matter as a result of the shock breakout is derived and its dependence on the strength of the explosion is also deduced. The results are compared with the self-similar solution for the same problem with non-relativistic treatment.
description: 9 pages, 4 figures, To appear in The Astrophysical Journal Corrected typos
Cosmic Acceleration and Modified Gravitational Models
Creators: name: Easson, Damien A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: There is now overwhelming observational evidence that our Universe is accelerating in its expansion. I discuss how modified gravitational models can provide an explanation for this observed late-time cosmic acceleration. We consider specific low-curvature corrections to the Einstein-Hilbert action. Many of these models generically contain unstable de Sitter solutions and, depending on the parameters of the theory, late-time accelerating attractor solutions.
description: 11 pages, 3 figures, references added; Based on talks given at MRST-04, PASCOS-04 and COSMO-04
Searching for anisotropy in the distribution of binary black hole mergers
Creators: name: Payne, Ethan
name: Banagiri, Sharan
name: Lasky, Paul
name: Thrane, Eric
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The standard model of cosmology is underpinned by the assumption of the statistical isotropy of the Universe. Observations of the cosmic microwave background, galaxy distributions, and supernovae, among other media, support the assumption of isotropy at scales $\gtrsim 100$\,Mpc. The recent detections of gravitational waves from merging stellar-mass binary black holes provide a new probe of anisotropy; complementary and independent of all other probes of the matter distribution in the Universe. We present an analysis using a spherical harmonic model to determine the level of anisotropy in the first LIGO/Virgo transient catalog. We find that the ten binary black hole mergers within the first transient catalog are consistent with an isotropic distribution. We carry out a study of simulated events to assess the prospects for future probes of anisotropy. Within a single year of operation, third-generation gravitational-wave observatories will probe anisotropies with an angular scale of $\sim36^\circ$ at the level of $\lesssim0.1\%$.
description: 13 pages, 9 figures Updated reviews and minor typos
Gendered nation : Anglo-Scottish relations in British letters 1707-1830
Creators: name: Alker, Sharon
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: My dissertation argues that national tropes are continually in a state of flux as they are employed to respond to historical, socio-political and cultural events and trends, and demonstrates that their state at a specific moment encapsulates struggles between various concepts of national identity. I trace shifts in the configuration of Anglo-Scottish relations by undertaking a microanalysis of two specific recurring tropological categories - familial and homosocial tropes — in a number of key moments in cross-border relations between 1707 and 1830. The first chapter, directed at the years surrounding the Union of Parliaments, traces the suppression of cross-border dissonance in homosocial egalitarian tropes which define Anglo-Scottish relations in the work of pro-union pamphleteers, and contrasts this strategy of containment with the disruptive presence of familial tropes in the pamphlets of anti-union writers. The second chapter traces the reappearance of this conflict in the decade following Culloden. Roderick Random, written from the margins by Tobias Smollett, reveals a discomfort with unifying tropes, although it ends with a cursory gesture towards a national marital union. James Ramble, in contrast, written by the English Edward Kimber, deflects dissonance onto Jacobitism, suggesting through tropes of friendship that all aspects of Anglo-Scottish relations are seamlessly integrated into British unity. Chapters three and four foreground the 1760s, a decade in which Scottish agency, in the person of Lord Bute, the Lord Treasurer, seems to reach new heights. Yet it is also a decade of rampant Scotophobia, incited by the Wilkites to undermine Bute's authority. Tropological warfare is an important element of this rhetorical conflict. In chapters five and six, I uncover two competing concepts of Britishness, primarily created by English and Irish writers, which emerge in the 1790s. The first engages with homosocial tropes to foreground Scottish agency in nation-building and empire-building projects, but does so at the expense of a distinct Scottish culture. The second, also produced by English and Irish writers, reifies and celebrates Scottish culture through tropes of cross-border courtship, but tends to represent the emergent concept as endangered, lacking national agency. Chapter six analyzes the Scottish response to this tropological binary.
SELECTION OF AGRICULTURAL LAND FOR MULTIFUNCTIONAL AGRICULTURE
Creators: name: Novkovic, Nebojsa
name: Somodji, Sandor
name: Matkovic, Milenko
name: Novkovic, Nebojsa
name: Somodji, Sandor
name: Matkovic, Milenko
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: agricultural land
subject: optimization model
subject: use for non-agricultural purpose

description: The modern concept of rural development implies the use of agricultural resources, primarily agricultural land, for other (nonagricultural) activities besides its agricultural purpose. The integral aim of this concept of rural development is the maximization of economic results, besides the sustainable development of rural areas, environmental protection and the production of strategic (staple) agricultural products. The objective of this paper is to define the general, theoretical, quantitative model for the determination of the size and quality of agricultural land which, considering the above-mentioned demands (criteria), is optimal for the utilization in agricultural production in certain regions. The remaining agricultural land would be available for the non-agricultural purposes. The economic optimal model for the selection of agricultural land in the traditional agriculture is the model of linear programming. The criteria of the land selection for traditional agriculture are the economic effectiveness (measured by net income or by gross national product) and the economic efficiency (measured by the production economy). The maximum economic effectiveness is determined by the standard method of linear programming and the maximum economy by the method of broken linear programming. The solution of compromise can be determined by multi-criteria programming, based on the minimum differences. The limitation groups in the mentioned variations of the model are: limitations of production quotas of agricultural products, minimum quantities of staple agricultural products, limitations of processing plants in a region (minimum and maximum), limitation of crop rotation, limitations of the needs in animal husbandry for bulky forage and limitations of agricultural land according to various types of utilization. By quantitative defining of the structure and size of agricultural land for traditional agriculture, “the surplus” and structure of agricultural land available for non-agricultural purposes is automatically determined.
MULTIFUNCTIONALITY OF AGRICULTURE, PUBLIC POLICIES AND SCIENTIFIC EVIDENCES: SOME CRITICAL ISSUES OF CONTEMPORARY CONTROVERSIES
Creators: name: Laurent, Catherine E.
name: Berriet-Solliec, Marielle
name: Kirsch, Marc
name: Labarthe, Pierre
name: Trouve, Aurelie
name: Laurent, Catherine E.
name: Berriet-Solliec, Marielle
name: Kirsch, Marc
name: Labarthe, Pierre
name: Trouve, Aurelie
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Multifunctionality
subject: agriculture
subject: knowledge
subject: policy
subject: sustainable development

description: Various theoretical models of public policy analysis are used to treat situations of decision-making in which public deciders have to take into account the multifunctionality of agriculture. For some, science-society relations are not really problematical. Others acknowledge the current attempts of these policy-makers to find adequate scientific knowledge, and the difficulties they encounter. These difficulties stem partly from the very content of knowledge produced by research. Could other modes of production be more efficient? The status of the knowledge produced by these approaches is a subject of debate. Bridging the divide between science and policy more effectively is not only a question of knowledge brokerage. Accessibility and reliability of the existing evidences are also problems to be addressed. The debates around evidence-based practices may provide some landmarks in this new situation although they also emphasize the limits of the tools that can be built for this purpose.
Persistent superfluid phase in a three-dimensional quantum XY model with ring exchange
Creators: name: Melko, R. G.
name: Scalapino, D. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present quantum Monte Carlo simulation results on a quantum S=1/2 XY model with ring exchange (the J-K model) on a three-dimensional simple cubic lattice. We first characterize the ground state properties of the pure XY model, obtaining estimations for the energy, spin stiffness and spin susceptibility at T=0 in the superfluid phase. With the ring exchange, we then present simulation data on small lattices which suggests that the superfluid phase persists to very large values of the ring exchange K, without signatures of a phase transition. We comment on the consequences of this result for the search for various exotic phases in three dimensions.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures
THE IMPORTANCE OF ORGANIC AGRICULTURE IN TOURISM RURAL
Creators: name: Privitera, Donatella
name: Privitera, Donatella
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Health Economics and Policy
subject: agritourism
subject: organic agriculture
subject: competitiveness
subject: lifestyle tourism

description: Many farmers, in addition to normal farming activity, have already turned to agritourism as a source of additional farm income and opportunities. There are numerous benefits from the development of agritourism: it may strengthen local economy, create job opportunities and new businesses; develop and promote training and certification programs to introduce young people to agriculture and environment. Agritourism helps preserve rural lifestyles and landscape and also offers the opportunity to provide "sustainable" or "green" tourism. Organic agriculture is a cultural evolution that finds its origins in a environmentalist culture. Furthermore the focus on these products is due to demand on healthy foods with high quality standard limiting chemical substances usage. It’s clear the link of the organic agriculture with agritourism and tourism services. They have a considerable role in the future development of rural areas. The purpose of this paper was to identify and examine those factors that have helped rural communities successfully develop agritourism, in particular organic agritourism and its entrepreneurship opportunities. Several focus groups were conducted with local business persons and leaders about a applicative case of South Italy area.
EDUCATIONAL PROJECTS – SUPPORT FOR DEVELOPMENT OF TOURISM AND RURAL AREAS IN SERBIA
Creators: name: Subic, Jonel
name: Vasiljevic, Zorica
name: Ivanovic, Sanjin
name: Subic, Jonel
name: Vasiljevic, Zorica
name: Ivanovic, Sanjin
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession
subject: education
subject: rural areas
subject: tourism
subject: investments

description: The paper presents three mini-projects that have been implemented by The Institute of Agricultural Economics – Belgrade in the 2006–2008 period. Those were special educational projects in agriculture and rural development, whereas extension activities were concentrated onto three topics: farm management, support of rural development and improvement of small farms. Implementation of projects took place on the territory of the South Banat County and some Belgrade city communes. The projects intended to solve current problems of sustainable agriculture and rural development. Within the projects there were identified priorities related to investments, strategic planning and tourism. Educational activities were aimed at a number of holders or members of their registered farms. Dynamics of the projects' implementation included introduction and discussion with a number of farmers, formation of small groups, preparation and making of materials, a series of theoretical lectures and determination of the joint work results. Education programs are aiming at improvement of the farm holders' knowledge in the field of business and management. Specific objectives of training are to increase sales of goods and services at domestic and foreign market, to increase competitiveness in a particular market, to achieve higher profits, to create new jobs and improve living conditions in rural areas. Evaluation of projects was related to determination of level, to which there were achieved set objectives, then to define implementation of projects in accordance with the plan, as well as to determine an impact of educational activities to promotion of knowledge concerning business and management.
Back to the basis - observations support spherically closed dynamic space
Creators: name: Suntola, Tuomo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A holistic view of the cosmological appearance and development of space is obtained by studying space as a spherically closed surface of a 4-sphere in a zero energy balance between motion and gravitation. Such an approach re-establishes Einstein's original view of the cosmological structure of the universe but instead of forcing space to be static with a cosmology constant, it lets it contract or expand while constantly maintaining a balance between the energies of motion and gravitation within the structure. In spherically closed dynamic space the fourth dimension is purely metric in its nature; time can be treated as a universal scalar, and the line element cdt in the fourth dimension gets the meaning of the distance that space moves at velocity c in time differential dt. The rest energy of matter appears as the energy of motion due to the motion of space in the direction of the 4-radius of the structure. All velocities in space are related to the 4-velocity of space, and the local state of rest appears as a property of the local energy system rather than as the state of an observer. Relativistic phenomena and cosmological predictions can be derived in closed mathematical form and the picture of cosmology is cleared; the Euclidean appearance of distant space is predicted and no dark energy or free parameters are needed to explain the magnitude/redshift relations of distant objects.
description: 19 pages, 13 Figures, presented in the 1st Crisis in Cosmology Conference (CCC-I) in Moncao, Portugal, June 23-25, 2005