cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The Coevality of Young Binary Systems
Creators: name: Kraus, Adam L.
name: Hillenbrand, Lynne A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Multiple star systems are commonly assumed to form coevally; they thus provide the anchor for most calibrations of stellar evolutionary models. In this paper we study the binary population of the Taurus-Auriga association, using the component positions in an HR diagram in order to quantify the frequency and degree of coevality in young binary systems. After identifying and rejecting the systems that are known to be affected by systematic errors (due to further multiplicity or obscuration by circumstellar material), we find that the relative binary ages, |Delta log(tau)|, have an overall dispersion of sigma~0.40 dex. Random pairs of Taurus members are coeval only to within sigma~0.58 dex, indicating that Taurus binaries are indeed more coeval than the association as a whole. However, the distribution of |Delta log(tau)| suggests two populations, with ~2/3 of the sample appearing coeval to within the errors (sigma~0.16 dex) and the other ~1/3 distributed in an extended tail reaching |Delta log(tau)|~0.4-0.9 dex. To explain the finding of a multi-peaked distribution, we suggest that the tail of the differential age distribution includes unrecognized hierarchical multiples, stars seen in scattered light, or stars with disk contamination; additional followup is required to rule out or correct for these explanations. The relative coevality of binary systems does not depend significantly on the system mass, mass ratio, or separation. Indeed, any pair of Taurus members wider than ~10' (~0.7 pc) shows the full age spread of the association.
description: 23 pages, 11 figures; accepted to ApJ
T.J.K. Bakhap (1866-1923), a Chinese-Australian? : The significance of his public and political life in relation to prevailing Australian attitudes to China, the Chinese, and Australia's place in the world
Creators: name: Black, GJ
Publisher: name: University of Tasmania
Year: 2023

description: The question "A Chinese Australian?" was chosen as the best way of looking at Thomas Jerome Kingston Bakhap the subject of this thesis. The reason for pursuing research on Bakhap was indeed the initial belief acquired through casual mention of his name and public political life that he was half Chinese. Bearing in mind many prevalent attitudes to the Chinese in the era Australia's history a prominent public career for such a person and a political one at that would seem to be a relatively unique phenomena and worthy of greater attention than it has evidently received to date. The discovery that T.J.K. Bakhap was not after all of literal Chinese extraction in no way diminished the apparent uniqueness of the man.In examining the 'significance' of the man's public and political career it is possible to make a range of comparisons. In what way did his actions ideals and words as a public figure closely follow prevailing Australian patterns of the same? In what ways did they diverge or dissent? and in what ways were they unique?This thesis consists of four chapters each delineating a distinct phase of the man's life and each describing the stage in question in terms of some or all of these comparisons. The first chapter looks at the considerably long 'pre-parliamentary' phase of Thomas Bakhap's life. It settles the question of his racial origins and goes on to describe his relatively unique bi-cultural upbringing. It then examines the wider issues of Chinese immigration to the Australian colonies in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries and related patterns of colonial national and imperial attitudes. This background provides the basis for looking at Thomas Bakhap's early public life and determining it's significance in terms described above.Chapter 2 looks at the period of Thomas Bakhap's membership of the Tasmanian House of Assembly. It gives a brief overview of the significance of this part of his life and then following the pattern of chapter 1 establishes the political framework / background against which his House of Assembly career is then examined in more detail. The same method including overview political / national framework and then detailed examination is then applied to two relatively short but significant phases of his career. These are: the first half of his senate career coinciding with the Great War and the latter post-war phase.
Axion Protection from Flavor
Creators: name: Cheung, Clifford
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The QCD axion fails to solve the strong CP problem unless all explicit PQ violating, Planck-suppressed, dimension n<10 operators are forbidden or have exponentially small coefficients. We show that all theories with a QCD axion contain an irreducible source of explicit PQ violation which is proportional to the determinant of the Yukawa interaction matrix of colored fermions. Generically, this contribution is of low operator dimension and will drastically destabilize the axion potential, so its suppression is a necessary condition for solving the strong CP problem. We propose a mechanism whereby the PQ symmetry is kept exact up to n=12 with the help of the very same flavor symmetries which generate the hierarchical quark masses and mixings of the SM. This "axion flavor protection" is straightforwardly realized in theories which employ radiative fermion mass generation and grand unification. A universal feature of this construction is that the heavy quark Yukawa couplings are generated at the PQ breaking scale.
description: 16 pages, 2 figures
Multilingual Competence
Creators: name: Kang, EunYoung
Publisher: name: Studies in Applied Linguistics and TESOL
Year: 2013

description: Multilingualism is a widespread phenomenon in modern societies. A considerable number of people speak more than two languages in their everyday life due to historical, social, or economic reasons (Cenoz & Genesee, 1998). They may live in a multilingual community as a result of colonialism and immigration, or they might be in constant contact with different monolingual communities because of globalization (Kemp, 2009). The continuing growth of individuals and communities that use three or more languages has led many researchers to investigate multilingualism and multilingual acquisition. Of the many key issues within the field of multilingualism, this short piece will focus on multilingual competence from the perspective of proficiency and acquisition goals. Identifying the extent to which an individual should be proficient in each of his or her languages is essential for defining a multilingual and for understanding which goals are attainable in multilingual education.
description: Studies in Applied Linguistics and TESOL, Vol. 13 No. 2 (2013)
Anomalous transport in angstrom-sized membranes with exceptional water flow rates and dye/salt rejections
Creators: name: Aparna, Rathi
name: Khushwant, Singh
name: Lalita, Saini
name: Suvigya, Kaushik
name: Biswabhusan, Dhal
name: Shivam, Parmar
name: Gopinadhan, Kalon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Fluidic channels with physical dimensions approaching molecular sizes are crucial for novel desalination, chemical separation, and sensing technologies. However, fabrication of precisely controlled fluidic channels in the angstrom size is extremely challenging. This, along with our limited understanding of nanofluidic transport, hinders practical applications. Here, we fabricated high-quality salt-intercalated vermiculite membranes with channel sizes 3-5 Angstrom, highly dependent on intercalant. Unlike pristine samples, the salt-intercalated membranes are highly stable in water. We tested several such membranes, of which 0.6 micron thick membranes showed dye rejection efficiencies greater than 98 percent with exceptionally high water permeance of 5400 L m-2 h-1 bar-1 at a differential pressure of 0.9 bar. Interestingly, the same membrane also rejected NaCl ions, with efficiencies of 95 percent. Our highly confined channels exhibit sub-linear ionic conductance related to hydration sizes, steric exclusion, K+ mobility enhancement, and conductance saturation at concentrations less than or equal to 10 mM. This makes highly confined channels interesting for both fundamental science and applications.
description: 23 pages, 17 figures
Code Switching and Code Cracking
Creators: name: Combs, Charles
Publisher: name: Studies in Applied Linguistics and TESOL
Year: 2013

description: In exploring ways in which the L1 and code-switching can be used as potential resources in the L2 classroom, Cenoz and Gorter (2011), provide valuable insights for both second language researchers and instructors. First, the various approaches through which code-cracking and interaction have been studied will be mentioned. Next, Cenoz and Gorter’s (2011) Focus on Multilingualism approach will be presented and discussed in relation to code-switching, code-cracking and interaction.
description: Studies in Applied Linguistics and TESOL, Vol. 13 No. 2 (2013)
Spinor wave function of the Universe in non-minimally coupled varying constants cosmologies
Creators: name: Balcerzak, Adam
name: Lisaj, Mateusz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we introduce a non-minimally coupled varying speed of light and varying gravitational constant cosmological toy model. Using the Eisenhart-Duval lifting method, we extend the original minisuperspace of the model and depict the evolution of the system in the presence of the potential term as a geometrical flow associated with the lifted metric. We write the Dirac-Wheeler-DeWitt equation, which solution is a spinor wave function of the Universe. Then we find the solution of the Dirac-Wheeler-DeWitt equation, which describes the emergence of two early universe-antiuniverse pairs that differ with the conserved quantity, which is an analog of the spin.
description: 7 pages, 1 figure
Code-switching and Translanguaging: Potential Functions in Multilingual Classrooms
Creators: name: Park, Mi Sun
Publisher: name: Studies in Applied Linguistics and TESOL
Year: 2013

description: The rise of multilingualism has drawn the attention of language researchers and instructors to various phenomena that have been observed in multilingual speakers, who develop knowledge on how and when to use their languages depending on, for instance, the interlocutors involved in the conversation, the topic of the conversation, and the social context (Reyes, 2004). The present paper aims to focus on two representative multilingual phenomena, namely code-switching and translanguaging. Each phenomenon will be defined based on existing literature and their potential functions in multilingual classroom research will be highlighted and discussed.
description: Studies in Applied Linguistics and TESOL, Vol. 13 No. 2 (2013)
A closer look at the influence of tubular initial conditions on two-particle correlations
Creators: name: Andrade, R.
name: Grassi, F.
name: Hama, Y.
name: Qian, W. -L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In a recent paper, the hydrodynamic code NEXSPheRIO was used in conjunction with STAR analysis methods to study two-particle correlations as function of Delta-eta and Delta-phi. The various structures observed in data were reproduced. In this work, we discuss the origin of these structures as well as present new results.
description: 6 pages, 8 figures, sqm2009 contribution
title: ”Thanks in Advance”
title: The Negative Effect of a Polite Phrase on Compliance with a Request
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Bruttel, Lisa Verena
name: Nithammer, Juri
name: Stolley, Florian
Publisher: name: Universität Potsdam
Year: 2019

description: This paper studies the effect of the commonly used phrase “thanks in advance” on compliance with a small request. In a controlled laboratory experiment we ask participants to give a detailed answer to an open question. The treatment variable is whether or not they see the phrase “thanks in advance.” Our participants react to the treatment by exerting less effort in answering the request even though they perceive the phrase as polite.
description: CEPA Discussion Papers, 7
Studying Heritage Languages with a Focus on Multilingualism
Creators: name: Sok, Sarah
Publisher: name: Studies in Applied Linguistics and TESOL
Year: 2013

description: In recent decades, the field of applied linguistics has witnessed a growth of interest in the study of multilingualism. A particular subset of studies in multilingualism is that of heritage languages (Montrul, 2010). A heritage language (HL) can be broadly defined as an ancestral language with which one feels a cultural connection (Van Deusen-Scholl, 2003), or more narrowly defined as a home language that a person is exposed to in early childhood before becoming socialized into the host country’s dominant language (Valdés, 2001).
description: Studies in Applied Linguistics and TESOL, Vol. 13 No. 2 (2013)
Multilingualism and the Holistic Approach to Multilingual Education
Creators: name: Chen, Cheng Ling Alice
Publisher: name: Studies in Applied Linguistics and TESOL
Year: 2013

description: The number of multilingual speakers now outnumbers that of monolinguals (Tucker, 1998). In a figure provided by the Linguistic Society of America, nations that are monolingual or mono-ethnic are the minority; on the contrary, scholars estimate over five-thousand languages are spoken in 160 nations around the world (Valdés, 2012). For those people, the usage of multiple languages occurs on a daily basis, possibly due to the emergence of global markets or the development of the Internet. The present commentary discusses multilingualism in relation to a newer perspective to multilingual education. First, the scope of multilingualism will be provided, followed by a discussion on a newer trend –a holistic approach –to multilingual education. A particular focus will be placed on monolingual bias and insights for research on multilingualism will be proposed.
description: Studies in Applied Linguistics and TESOL, Vol. 13 No. 2 (2013)
Magnetic reversals in a simple model of MHD
Creators: name: Benzi, Roberto
name: Pinton, Jean-Francois
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study a simple magnetohydrodynamical approach in which hydrodynamics and MHD turbulence are coupled in a shell model, with given dynamo constrains in the large scales. We consider the case of a low Prandtl number fluid for which the inertial range of the velocity field is much wider than that of the magnetic field. Random reversals of the magnetic field are observed and it shown that the magnetic field has a non trivial evolution linked to the nature of the hydrodynamics turbulence.
description: 4 pages, submitted to PRL
Picking a CHERI Allocator: Security and Performance Considerations
Creators: name: Bramley, Jacob
name: Jacob, Dejice
name: Lascu, Andrei
name: Singer, Jeremy
name: Tratt, Laurence
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Programming Languages (cs.PL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Several open-source memory allocators have been ported to CHERI, a hardware capability platform. In this paper we examine the security and performance of these allocators when run under CheriBSD on Arm's experimental Morello platform. We introduce a number of security attacks and show that all but one allocator are vulnerable to some of the attacks - including the default CheriBSD allocator. We then show that while some forms of allocator performance are meaningful, comparing the performance of hybrid and pure capability (i.e. 'running in non-CHERI vs. running in CHERI modes') allocators does not appear to be meaningful. Although we do not fully understand the reasons for this, it seems to be at least as much due to factors such as immature compiler toolchains as it is due to the effects of capabilities on hardware.
The case against Monolingual Bias in Multilingualism
Creators: name: Akbar, Farah S.
Publisher: name: Studies in Applied Linguistics and TESOL
Year: 2013

description: Driven primarily by globalization, multilingualism has become a topic du jour in the field of applied linguistics in general and in critical applied linguistics in particular (May, 2013). Especially in the last decade, the field has witnessed an intensive period of research into multilingualism and multiple language acquisition. A fundamental premise for research in the field is that a multilingual is not the sum of many monolinguals in the same person. Hence an individual with more than one language needs to be studied as a multilingual, with researchers avoiding a so-called “monolingual bias” (Grosjean, 2008). This commentary presents a short description of the so-called monolingual bias, followed by a brief discussion of the critique mounted over this notion from within SLA, and concludes with a brief analysis of the proposed solution for a way out and forward by Ortega (2010).
description: Studies in Applied Linguistics and TESOL, Vol. 13 No. 2 (2013)
Focus on Multilingualism: More Dots to Connect
Creators: name: Hall, Timothy
Publisher: name: Studies in Applied Linguistics and TESOL
Year: 2013

description: Across the four selected papers, Cenoz and Gorter present a research program entitled Focus on Multilingualism (FOM), which is underpinned by two questions: (1) how to understand multilingualism, perhaps from a humanistic perspective, and (2) how to implement it in education. In exploring these questions, the authors cite an intellectual and methodological lineage drawn from the fields of bilingualism and second language acquisition (SLA). I do not see inherent contradictions in invoking both bilingualism and SLA for the purpose. However, the thesis of this commentary is that the argumentation for these goals might benefit from a more explicit reflection of current understandings of SLA, from a macro view to a micro view, such that its own descriptive adequacy can be bolstered. Furthermore, I have concerns about how the implementation of such understanding will follow in education. First, I describe the scope and motivation of the FOM framework. Then, I suggest that more constructs from the field of SLA be invoked in FOM, namely from a Usage-based framework. I also suggest borrowing some of SLA’s methodological rigor. Last, I express broad concerns about the implementation of FOM for the purposes of education.
description: Studies in Applied Linguistics and TESOL, Vol. 13 No. 2 (2013)
Diagnoses to unravel secular hydrodynamical processes in rotating main sequence stars
Creators: name: Decressin, T.
name: Mathis, S.
name: Palacios, A.
name: Siess, L.
name: Talon, S.
name: Charbonnel, C.
name: Zahn, J. -P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: (Abridged) We present a detailed analysis of the main physical processes responsible for the transport of angular momentum and chemical species in the radiative regions of rotating stars. We focus on cases where meridional circulation and shear-induced turbulence only are included in the simulations. Our analysis is based on a 2-D representation of the secular hydrodynamics, which is treated using expansions in spherical harmonics. We present a full reconstruction of the meridional circulation and of the associated fluctuations of temperature and mean molecular weight along with diagnosis for the transport of angular momentum, heat and chemicals. In the present paper these tools are used to validate the analysis of two main sequence stellar models of 1.5 and 20 Msun for which the hydrodynamics has been previously extensively studied in the literature. We obtain a clear visualization and a precise estimation of the different terms entering the angular momentum and heat transport equations in radiative zones. This enables us to corroborate the main results obtained over the past decade by Zahn, Maeder, and collaborators concerning the secular hydrodynamics of such objects. We focus on the meridional circulation driven by angular momentum losses and structural readjustements. We confirm quantitatively for the first time through detailed computations and separation of the various components that the advection of entropy by this circulation is very well balanced by the barotropic effects and the thermal relaxation during most of the main sequence evolution. This enables us to derive simplifications for the thermal relaxation on this phase. The meridional currents in turn advect heat and generate temperature fluctuations that induce differential rotation through thermal wind thus closing the transport loop.
description: 16 pages, 18 figures. Accepted for publication in A&A
Teleparallel Minkowski Spacetime with Perturbative Approach for Teleparallel Gravity on a Proper Frame
Creators: name: Landry, Alexandre
name: Hoogen, Robert J. van den
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A complete perturbation theory suitable for teleparallel gravity is developed. The proposed perturbation scheme takes into account perturbations of the coframe, the metric, and the spin-connection, while ensuring that the resulting perturbed system continues to describe a teleparallel gravity situation. The resulting perturbation scheme can be transformed to one in which perturbations all take place within the co-frame. A covariant definition of a teleparallel Minkowski geometry is proposed. We compute the perturbed field equations for $f(T)$ teleparallel gravity and discuss the stability of the teleparallel Minkowski geometry within $f(T)$ teleparallel gravity.
description: 33 pages, Published in Universe
Short-read metagenomic assembly: finding the best fit in a world of options
Creators: name: Mendes, Catarina Inês
name: Vila-Cerqueira, Pedro
name: Motro, Yair
name: Moran-Gilad, Jacob
name: Carriço, João André
name: Ramirez, Mário
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: de novo assembly
metagenomics
benchmark
quality assessment
bioinformatics
workflow

description: Background Short-read shotgun metagenomics can offer comprehensive microbial detection and characterisation of complex clinical samples. The de novo assembly is a key process when analysing metagenomic data since it allows recovering draft genomes from a pool of mixed raw reads, yielding longer sequences that offer contextual information and afford a more complete picture of the microbial community than simply species composition. It also represents a major bottleneck in obtaining trustworthy, reproducible results. Materials/Methods We developed LMAS, an automated workflow enabling the benchmarking of traditional and metagenomic dedicated prokaryotic de novo assembly software using defined mock communities. LMAS was implemented in Nextflow using Docker containers to provide flexibility. The results are presented in an interactive HTML report where selected global and reference specific performance metrics can be explored. The mock communities can be provided by the user to better reflect the samples of interest. New assemblers can be added with minimal changes to the pipeline, so that LMAS can be expanded as novel algorithms are developed. Results The eight bacterial genomes and four plasmids of the ZymoBIOMICS Microbial Community Standards were used as reference. Raw sequence data of the mock communities, with an even and logarithmic distribution of species, and a simulated sample of the evenly distributed reads generated from the genomes in the Zymobiomics standard were used as input for 11 de novo assemblers (Figure 1). The resulting LMAS report is available at https://lmas-demo.herokuapp.com.  Conclusions Our results showed significant differences in breadth of coverage, and number and accuracy of the contigs generated by each de novo assembler. The performance of each assembler varied depending on the species of interest and its abundance in the sample, with less abundant species presenting a significant challenge for all assemblers. No sizable gains were obtained when using dedicated metagenomic assemblers and no assembler stood out as an undisputed all-purpose choice for short-read metagenomic prokaryote genome assembly, with different assemblers showing specific strengths. Efforts are needed to further improve metagenomic assembly performance and using LMAS could underpin this development process. The LMAS workflow and documentation is available at https://github.com/cimendes/LMAS. 
Centrality and system size dependence of (multi-strange) hyperons at 40$A$ and 158$A$ GeV: A comparison between a binary collision and a Boltzmann + hydrodynamic hybrid model
Creators: name: Petersen, Hannah
name: Mitrovski, Michael
name: Schuster, Tim
name: Bleicher, Marcus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present results on the centrality and system size dependence of (multi-strange)hyperons in Pb+Pb collisions at 40$A$ and 158$A$ GeV from the Ultra-relativistic Quantum Molecular Dynamics (UrQMD-v2.3) model and a coupled Boltzmann+hydrodynamics calculation. The second approach is realized in a hybrid fashion based on UrQMD with an intermediate hydrodynamical evolution for the hot and dense stage of the collision. This implementation allows a comparison of microscopic transport calculations with hydrodynamic simulations to explore the transition from a system that is not fully equilibrated such as C+C or Si+Si collisions, to a supposedly fully equilibrated system, such as that created in Pb+Pb reactions. The results of our calculation are compared to measurements of the (anti-)hyperon yields at midrapidity ($\mid$y$\mid$ $\leq$ 0.5) and total multiplicities performed by the NA49 and NA57 Collaborations at 40$A$ and 158$A$ GeV. Furthermore, we compared our predictions to the centrality dependence of $Λ$, $\barΛ$ and $Ξ^{-}$ rapidity spectra and total multiplicities at 40$A$ and 158$A$ GeV, where possible.
description: 8 pages, 8 figures
Understanding the chemical evolution of blue Edge-on Low Surface Brightness Galaxies
Creators: name: Cao, Tian-wen
name: Wu, Hong
name: Galaz, Gaspar
name: Kalari, Venu M.
name: Cheng, Cheng
name: Li, Zi-Jian
name: Wang, Jun-feng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a sample of 330 blue edge-on low surface brightness galaxies (ELSBGs). To understand the chemical evolution of LSBGs, we derived the gas-phase abundance and the [$α$/Fe] ratio. Compared with star-forming galaxies, ELSBGs show a flatter trend in the mass-metallicity ($M_*-Z$) relation, suggesting that the oxygen abundance enhancement is inefficient. We focus on 77 ELSBGs with HI data and found the closed-box model can not explain their gas fraction and metallicity relation, implying that infall and/or outflow is needed. We derived the [$α$/Fe] ratio of normal ELSBG ($<$ 10$^{9.5}$M$\odot$) and massive ELSBG ($>=$ 10$^{9.5}$M$\odot$) using single stellar population grids from MILES stellar library. The mean [$α$/Fe] ratios are 0.18 and 0.4 for normal ELSBG and massive ELSBG, respectively. We discussed that the long time-scale of star-formation, and/or metal-rich gas outflow event caused by SNe Ia winds are likely responsible for the $α$-enhancement of massive ELSBGs.
description: 9 pages, 9 figures, Accepted for publication in ApJ
Focus on Multilinguilism: Its Potential Contributions to SLA Theory and Research
Creators: name: Lew, Adrienne Wai Man
Publisher: name: Studies in Applied Linguistics and TESOL
Year: 2013

description: Posited as a “holistic” approach to the study of multilingualism and multilingual competence in educational contexts, Focus on Multilingualism (Cenoz & Gorter, 2011) attempts to bring together the fields of (1) second language acquisition (SLA), and (2) bilingualism/ multilingualism studies – both in (a) theory and (b) research methodology. It has even been argued – from a language ecological perspective – that there is more validity to this new approach than its traditional counterparts, given its proximity to the way languages are used in a social context. Specifically, FOM differs from SLA and bilingualism in that it takes into consideration the individual roles as well as the interplay of (i) the multilingual speaker, (ii) the entire linguistic repertoire (i.e., the multiple languages spoken by the learner), and (iii) the context, such as seeing the linguistic landscape as an additional source of language input (see, for example, Cenoz & Gorter, 2008).
description: Studies in Applied Linguistics and TESOL, Vol. 13 No. 2 (2013)
Boundary integral equation for electromagnetic wave scattering by a homogeneous body of arbitrary shape
Creators: name: Ramm, A. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 45B05, 78A40, 78A45

description: Boundary integral equation is derived for the problem of scattering of electromagnetic waves by 3D homogeneous body of arbitrary shape.
Introduction: The Multilingual Prism
Creators: name: Kang, EunYoung
name: Sáez, Natalia
Publisher: name: Studies in Applied Linguistics and TESOL
Year: 2013

description: Each year the TESOL & Applied Linguistics programs invite internationally-renowned researchers to give lectures at Teachers College. This year, we had the pleasure of hosting Dr. Jasone Cenoz and Dr. Durk Gorter, two prominent scholars in the field of multilingualism. In their talk, Cenoz and Gorter re-evaluated the previously dominant understanding of multilingualism and proposed a new approach to investigating multilingualism, which they termed Focus on Multilingualism (henceforth, FOM). While earlier treatments of multilingualism ignored dynamic interactions between the different linguistic systems that multilinguals know, this new perspective stresses the importance of a holistic approach to understanding multilingual speakers and their linguistic repertoires. Stemming from this new definition, multilingualism may be examined as a social and an individual phenomenon, keeping in mind, however, that “individual and societal multilingualism are not completely separated” (Cenoz, 2013, p. 5).
description: Studies in Applied Linguistics and TESOL, Vol. 13 No. 2 (2013)
Arbitrary $\ell$-state solutions of the Klein-Gordon equation with the Eckart plus a class of Yukawa potential and its non-relativistic thermal properties
Creators: name: Demirci, Mehmet
name: Sever, Ramazan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report bound state solutions of the Klein Gordon equation with a novel combined potential, the Eckart plus a class of Yukawa potential, by means of the parametric Nikiforov-Uvarov method. To deal the centrifugal and the coulombic behavior terms, we apply the Greene-Aldrich approximation scheme. We present any $\ell$-state energy eigenvalues and the corresponding normalized wave functions of a mentioned system in a closed form. We discuss various special cases related to our considered potential which are utility for other physical systems and show that these are consistent with previous reports in literature. Moreover, we calculate the non-relativistic thermodynamic quantities (partition function, mean energy, free energy, specific heat and entropy) for the potential model in question, and investigate them for a few diatomic molecules. We find that the energy eigenvalues are sensitive with regard to the quantum numbers $n_r$ and $\ell$ as well as the parameter $δ$. Our results show that energy eigenvalues are more bounded at either smaller quantum number $\ell$ or smaller parameter $δ$.
description: 18 pages, 33 figures, 2 tables. Thermodynamic predictions for several diatomic molecules have been added in the new version
Turn-initial Yeah in Nonnative Speakers’ Speech: A Routine Token for Not-so-routine Interactional Projects
Creators: name: Lo, Carol
Publisher: name: Studies in Applied Linguistics and TESOL
Year: 2013

description: This paper examines the use of turn-initial yeah in learner English, focusing on non-canonical uses of yeah. By showing how NSSs use yeah in ways different from that of native speakers (NSs), this paper aims to provide a nuanced view of the function it serves in NSSs’ speech. It demonstrates that yeah carries particular interactional import for NSSs, in that it is adopted by NSSs to accomplish unconventional interactional projects. It considers turn-initial yeah in two sequential environments: (1) second position turn-initial yeah in responses to questions and (2) yeah in extended turns-at-talk.
description: Studies in Applied Linguistics and TESOL, Vol. 13 No. 2 (2013)
Wave Packet Dynamics, Ergodicity, and Localization in Quasiperiodic Chains
Creators: name: Thiem, Stefanie
name: Schreiber, Michael
name: Grimm, Uwe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we report results for the wave packet dynamics in a class of quasiperiodic chains consisting of two types of weakly coupled clusters. The dynamics are studied by means of the return probability and the mean square displacement. The wave packets show anomalous diffusion in a stepwise process of fast expansion followed by time intervals of confined wave packet width. Applying perturbation theory, where the coupling parameter v is treated as perturbation, the properties of the eigenstates of the system are investigated and related to the structure of the chains. The results show the appearance of non-localized states only in sufficiently high orders of the perturbation expansions. Further, we compare these results to the exact solutions obtained by numerical diagonalization. This shows that eigenstates spread across the entire chain for v>0, while in the limit v->0 ergodicity is broken and eigenstates only spread across clusters of the same type, in contradistinction to trivial localization for v=0. Caused by this ergodicity breaking, the wave packet dynamics change significantly in the presence of an impurity offering the possibility to control its long-term dynamics.
description: 10 pages, 9 figures
Internal carotid artery stenosis associated with giant cell arteritis: case report and discussion
Creators: name: Zeenat Qureshi Stroke Institutes
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Background—Cerebrovascular ischemic events associated with giant cell arteritis (GCA) are uncommon and have been reported in 3%–4% of patients. We describe a case report of GCA associated with intracranial stenosis and review various angiographic findings. Case presentation—A 66-year-old man presented with worsening headache and vision loss. A recent magnetic resonance angiogram of the head and neck showed multiple intracranial stenosis. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis demonstrated increased protein of 135.6 mg/dL, with two white blood cells/µL. No bacteria were observed in the CSF on gram staining, and cultures were negative for bacterial growth. Erythrocyte sedimentation rate was noted to be 14 mm/h, and C-reactive protein was 1.514 mg/L at admission. Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and hepatitis panels were negative. On digital subtraction angiography, patient had predominantly narrowing and irregularities in petrous and cavernous segments of the internal carotid arteries bilaterally. The diagnosis of GCA was confirmed by temporal artery biopsy. He was treated with steroids, and a followup angiogram 6 weeks later showed minimal resolution of the angiographic findings. Patient reported complete resolution of headaches and visual loss. Conclusion—Bilateral internal carotid arteries stenosis may be seen in patients presenting with typical symptoms of GCA and may persist after steroid treatment despite resolution of clinical symptoms.
Determination of Cellulose, Water, and N-Methylmorpholine N-Oxide during the Production of Lyocell by Attenuated Total Reflection (ATR) – Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) Spectroscopy
Creators: name: Luo, Xuebing
name: Yuan, Hongfu
name: Song, Chunfeng
name: Meng, Yan
name: Li, Xiaoyu
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Space Science
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: Attenuated total reflection (ATR) – Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy with the pretreatment of converting the absorption spectrum into angle spectrum (CASAS) and partial least squares (PLS) was employed to rapidly and simultaneously determine the ingredients of cellulose slurries and solutions during lyocell production. ATR was employed to rapidly and conveniently collect the spectra of the swollen slurries and viscous solutions during production. CASAS was used to eliminate the influence on modeling by the optical path differences due to uneven ingredient distributions in the samples. The PLS models for the cellulose, water, and N-methylmorpholine N-oxide (NMMO) concentrations of the cellulose slurry/solution were constructed using the raw spectra, pretreated spectra by CASAS, and common pretreatment methods, respectively. The results show that CASAS eliminates interferences due to the differences in optical path and improves the performance of PLS model for each analyte. The standard errors of prediction (SEP) of models using CASAS for cellulose, NMMO, and water concentration of cellulose slurry were 0.368, 0.196 and 0.171, while the values for the cellulose solution were 0.442, 0.353, and 0.066, respectively. The standard errors of prediction (SEPs) of CASAS models are significantly lower than the reproducibility requirement of the reference method, 0.5. The reported approach using ATR-FTIR spectroscopy combined with CASAS and PLS is rapid and accurate for determining the ingredients of the cellulose slurries and solutions and offers potential for identifying similar samples.
Designing and Evaluating Speech Emotion Recognition Systems: A reality check case study with IEMOCAP
Creators: name: Antoniou, Nikolaos
name: Katsamanis, Athanasios
name: Giannakopoulos, Theodoros
name: Narayanan, Shrikanth
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Sound (cs.SD)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Audio and Speech Processing (eess.AS)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: There is an imminent need for guidelines and standard test sets to allow direct and fair comparisons of speech emotion recognition (SER). While resources, such as the Interactive Emotional Dyadic Motion Capture (IEMOCAP) database, have emerged as widely-adopted reference corpora for researchers to develop and test models for SER, published work reveals a wide range of assumptions and variety in its use that challenge reproducibility and generalization. Based on a critical review of the latest advances in SER using IEMOCAP as the use case, our work aims at two contributions: First, using an analysis of the recent literature, including assumptions made and metrics used therein, we provide a set of SER evaluation guidelines. Second, using recent publications with open-sourced implementations, we focus on reproducibility assessment in SER.
description: Accepted at ICASSP 2023
Young L Dwarfs Identified in the Field: A Preliminary Low-Gravity, Optical Spectral Sequence from L0 to L5
Creators: name: Cruz, Kelle L.
name: Kirkpatrick, J. Davy
name: Burgasser, Adam J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an analysis of 23 L dwarfs whose optical spectra display unusual features. Twenty-one were uncovered during our search for nearby, late-type objects using the Two Micron All-Sky Survey while two were identified in the literature. The unusual spectral features, notably weak FeH molecular absorption and weak Na I and K I doublets, are attributable to low-gravity and indicate that these L dwarfs are young, low-mass brown dwarfs. We use these data to expand the spectral classification scheme for L0 to L5-type dwarfs to include three gravity classes. Most of the low-gravity L dwarfs have southerly declinations and distance estimates within 60 pc. Their implied youth, on-sky distribution, and distances suggest that they are members of nearby, intermediate-age (~10-100 Myr), loose associations such as the Beta Pictoris moving group, the Tucana/Horologium association, and the AB Doradus moving group. At an age of 30 Myr and with effective temperatures from 1500 to 2400 K, evolutionary models predict masses of 11-30 M_Jupiter for these objects. One object, 2M 0355+11, with J-K_s=2.52+/-0.03, is the reddest L dwarf found in the field and its late spectral type and spectral features indicative of a very low gravity suggest it might also be the lowest-mass field L dwarf. However, before ages and masses can be confidently adopted for any of these low-gravity L dwarfs, additional kinematic observations are needed to confirm cluster membership.
description: Accepted to AJ
Pragmatic Knowledge and Ability in the Applied Linguistics and Second Language Assessment Literature: A Review
Creators: name: Tsutagawa, Fred S.
Publisher: name: Studies in Applied Linguistics and TESOL
Year: 2013

description: Almost forty years after Stalnaker’s (1974) initial call for “the development and application of a pragmatic theory in which detailed explanations of phenomena relating to linguistic contexts can be given” (p. 214), a unifying construct definition and theory still does not exist to explain fully pragmatic knowledge and ability (Roever, 2011, 2013). Given that test validity and reliability are crucial concerns in the field of second language (L2) assessment, it is important that we try to develop a more comprehensive theoretical construct, so that tests of pragmatic ability will have more construct validity, better represent the target language use (TLU) domain of the test construct, and thus have results that are hopefully more generalizable and useful to stakeholders. This paper presents a brief review of the extensive pragmatics literature and examines how the construct of pragmatic knowledge and ability has been operationalized from the perspective of theoretical and applied linguists.
description: Studies in Applied Linguistics and TESOL, Vol. 13 No. 2 (2013)
AGN Jet-induced Feedback in Galaxies. II. Galaxy colours from a multicloud simulation
Creators: name: Tortora, C.
name: Antonuccio-Delogu, V.
name: Kaviraj, S.
name: Silk, J.
name: Romeo, A. D.
name: Becciani, U.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the feedback from an AGN on stellar formation within its host galaxy, mainly using one high resolution numerical simulation of the jet propagation within the interstellar medium of an early-type galaxy. In particular, we show that in a realistic simulation where the jet propagates into a two-phase ISM, star formation can initially be slightly enhanced and then, on timescales of few million years, rapidly quenched, as a consequence both of the high temperatures attained and of the reduction of cloud mass (mainly due to Kelvin-Helmholtz instabilities). We then introduce a model of (prevalently) {\em negative} AGN feedback, where an exponentially declining star formation is quenched, on a very short time scale, at a time t_AGN, due to AGN feedback. Using the Bruzual & Charlot (2003) population synthesis model and our star formation history, we predict galaxy colours from this model and match them to a sample of nearby early-type galaxies showing signs of recent episodes of star formation (Kaviraj et al. 2007). We find that the quantity t_gal - t_AGN, where t_gal is the galaxy age, is an excellent indicator of the presence of feedback processes, and peaks significantly around t_gal - t_AGN \approx 0.85 Gyr for our sample, consistent with feedback from recent energy injection by AGNs in relatively bright (M_{B} \lsim -19) and massive nearby early-type galaxies. Galaxies that have experienced this recent feedback show an enhancement of 3 magnitudes in NUV(GALEX)-g, with respect to the unperturbed, no-feedback evolution. Hence they can be easily identified in large combined near UV-optical surveys.
description: 18 pages, 16 figures, accepted for publication on MNRAS. This version includes revisions after the referee's report
Additional file 1 of Water reuse and growth inhibition mechanisms for cultivation of microalga Euglena gracilis
Creators: name: Wu, Mingcan
name: Du, Ming
name: Wu, Guimei
name: Lu, Feimiao
name: Li, Jing
name: Lei, Anping
name: Zhu, Hui
name: Hu, Zhangli
name: Wang, Jiangxin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 1: Fig. S1. Microalgae harvesting equipment. a, microalgae suspension; b, ultrafiltration membrane; c, pre-concentrated microalgae; d, reused water. Fig. S2. PCA analysis for groups EEG and IEG. IEG, EEG represent intracellular and extracellular metabolites, respectively. Fig. S3. OPLS-DA analysis for group EEG and IEG. IEG, EEG represent intracellular and extracellular metabolites, respectively. Fig. S4. Permutation test for group EEG and IEG. IEG, EEG represent intracellular and extracellular metabolites, respectively. Fig. S5. Heatmap of hierarchical clustering analysis for group EEG and IEG. IEG, EEG represent intracellular and extracellular metabolites, respectively; * represents the metabolite can be annotated in KEGG database.