cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The Lyman-alpha signature of the first galaxies
Creators: name: Smith, Aaron
name: Safranek-Shrader, Chalence
name: Bromm, Volker
name: Milosavljević, Miloš
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the Cosmic Lyman-$α$ Transfer code (COLT), a massively parallel Monte-Carlo radiative transfer code, to simulate Lyman-$α$ (Ly$α$) resonant scattering through neutral hydrogen as a probe of the first galaxies. We explore the interaction of centrally produced Ly$α$ radiation with the host galactic environment. Ly$α$ photons emitted from the luminous starburst region escape with characteristic features in the line profile depending on the density distribution, ionization structure, and bulk velocity fields. For example, anisotropic ionization exhibits a tall peak close to line centre with a skewed tail that drops off gradually. Idealized models of first galaxies explore the effect of mass, anisotropic H II regions, and radiation pressure driven winds on Ly$α$ observables. We employ mesh refinement to resolve critical structures. We also post-process an ab initio cosmological simulation and examine images captured at various escape distances within the 1 Mpc$^3$ comoving volume. Finally, we discuss the emergent spectra and surface brightness profiles of these objects in the context of high-$z$ observations. The first galaxies will likely be observed through the red damping wing of the Ly$α$ line. Observations will be biased toward galaxies with an intrinsic red peak located far from line centre that reside in extensive H II super bubbles, which allows Hubble flow to sufficiently redshift photons away from line centre and facilitate transmission through the intergalactic medium (IGM). Even with gravitational lensing to boost the luminosity this preliminary work indicates that Ly$α$ emission from stellar clusters within haloes of $M_{\rm vir}<10^9~{\rm M}_\odot$ is generally too faint to be detected by the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST).
description: 28 pages, 22 figures, MNRAS, in press
Kinesin-8 molecular motors: putting the brakes on chromosome oscillations
Creators: name: Gardner, Melissa K.
name: Odde, David J.
name: Bloom, Kerry
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: Recent studies suggest that the human Kinesin-8 molecular motor Kif18A has a role in chromosome congression. Specifically, these studies find that Kif18A promotes chromosome congression by attenuating chromosome oscillation magnitudes. Together with recent modeling work, in vitro studies, and the analysis of in vivo yeast data, these reports reveal how Kinesin-8 molecular motors might control chromosome oscillation amplitudes by spatially regulating the dynamic instability of microtubule plus-ends within the mitotic spindle.
A simulation study of a class of nonparametric test statistics: a close look of empirical distribution function-based tests
Creators: name: Zheng, Wenjun
name: Lai, Dejian
name: Gould, K. Lance
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Science Policy

description: Kolmogorov–Smirnov (KS) statistic is a non-parametric statistic based on the empirical distribution function. For the one-sample case, it uses the supremum distance between an empirical distribution function (EDF) and a pre-specified cumulative distribution function (CDF). For two-sample case, it measures the maximum of the distance between two EDFs. KS test, as well as other EDF-based tests such as the Anderson-Darling (AD) test and Cramer-von Mises (CvM) test, has been widely used in statistical analysis. To address and compare the performance of these test statistics, we have conducted a simulation study comparing the type I error and power of the KS test, the CvM test, the AD test, and the Chi-squared test. Our study includes both one sample and two sample tests and for both independent and correlated samples. Our study showed that if we do not have prior information about the tested distributions, EDF-based tests are better. However, so long as we have prior information about the tested distribution and the density of two distributions is bell-shaped and we are expecting differences in variance/sparseness, then the Chi-squared test may be more preferable. When correlation exists between tested samples, adjustment on the informative sample size is important and required.
Актуальные проблемы Дальнего Востока
Creators: name: Чемодин Ю. А.
Publisher: name: Московский экономический журнал
Year: 2018
Subjects: Дальневосточный федеральный округ
проблемы Дальнего Востока
экономические проблемы
экологические проблемы
природные ресурсы
решение проблем.

description: На данный момент наша страна помимо многих других внутренних проблем имеет большую проблему, связанную с развитием экономической инфраструктуры на Дальнем Востоке. Первое, что здесь нужно отметить это то, что население страны считает жизнь в Дальневосточном федеральном округе бесперспективной. Потеряно стремление, которое присутствовало во время освоения Дальнего Востока Российской Империей, а после Советским Союзом. Сейчас же люди активно уезжают из ДФО.
Compact Stellar Binary Assembly in the First Nuclear Star Clusters and r-Process Synthesis in the Early Universe
Creators: name: Ramirez-Ruiz, Enrico
name: Trenti, Michele
name: MacLeod, Morgan
name: Roberts, Luke F.
name: Lee, William H.
name: Saladino-Rosas, Martha I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Investigations of elemental abundances in the ancient and most metal deficient stars are extremely important because they serve as tests of variable nucleosynthesis pathways and can provide critical inferences of the type of stars that lived and died before them. The presence of r-process elements in a handful of carbon-enhanced metal-poor (CEMP-r) stars, which are assumed to be closely connected to the chemical yield from the first stars, is hard to reconcile with standard neutron star mergers. Here we show that the production rate of dynamically assembled compact binaries in high-z nuclear star clusters can attain a sufficient high value to be a potential viable source of heavy r-process material in CEMP-r stars. The predicted frequency of such events in the early Galaxy, much lower than the frequency of Type II supernovae but with significantly higher mass ejected per event, can naturally lead to a high level of scatter of Eu as observed in CEMP-r stars.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures, ApJL in press. Revised to include binary-single encounters
title: Optimierung der Oberflächenmodifikation von PLGA-Nanopartikeln mit den Targetern Folsäure und Weizenkeimlektin
Creators: name: Stock, Tara Naima
Year: 2022

description: Im Zuge dieser Diplomarbeit wurde versucht, die Oberfläche von Gemcitabin-Fettsäure-Konjugat haltigen PLGA-Nanopartikeln mit Target-Molekülen zu funktionalisieren. Für die Oberflächenmodifikation der PLGA-Nanopartikel wurden zwei verschiedene Targeter-Moleküle ausgewählt, um ein verbessertes Tumor Targeting zu erreichen – Wheat Germ Agglutinin und Folsäure. Die Funktionalisierung der PLGA-Nanopartikel wurde durch kovalente Bindung der Targeter-Moleküle erreicht, wobei Spacer-Moleküle als Abstandhalter verwendet wurden, um die Bindung an die Partikeloberfläche zu erleichtern. Als Wirkstoff wurden Gemcitabin-Fettsäure-Konjugate in die PLGA-Nanopartikel eingebaut. Die Gemcitabin-Konjugate mit Caprinsäure und Myristinsäure zeigten hinsichtlich der Verkapselungseffizienz in die PLGA-Partikelmatrix und Stabilität vielversprechende Ergebnisse. In Zellbindungsstudien wurden die Bindungsaffinität und -stärke der funktionalisierten PLGA-Nanopartikel anhand von Einzelzell- und Zellmonolayer-Versuchen evaluiert. Zusätzlich wurde anhand von Zellviabilitätstests die Zytotoxizität der PLGA-Nanopartikel als auch der Gemcitabin-Fettsäure-Konjugate untersucht.
description: In this thesis, an attempt was made to functionalize the surface of gemcitabine-fatty acid conjugate loaded PLGA nanoparticles with targeting molecules. For tumor targeted delivery of the PLGA nanoparticles two different targeters were selected – wheat germ agglutinin and folic acid for tumor targeted drug delivery. The PLGA nanoparticles were functionalized by covalently binding the targeter molecules to the particle surface, using spacer molecules in between the PLGA nanoparticles and the targeter molecules. As an active pharmaceutical ingredient gemcitabine-fatty acid conjugates were incorporated into the nanoparticles. The gemcitabine conjugates with capric acid and myristic acid revealed desirable results in terms of stability and encapsulation efficiency into the PLGA particle matrix. In subsequent cell binding studies, the superiority of the functionalized PLGA nanoparticles in terms of binding affinity and binding strength was examined using single-cell and cell monolayer experiments. In addition, the cytotoxicity of the PLGA nanoparticles and the gemcitabine-fatty acid conjugates was examined by use of cell viability assays.
Extracellular ATP signaling in plants
Creators: name: Jones, Alan M.
name: Stacey, Gary
name: Gilroy, Simon
name: Tanaka, Kiwamu
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: Extracellular adenosine-5′-triphosphate (ATP) induces a number of cellular responses in plants and animals. Some of the molecular components for purinergic signaling in animal cells appear to be lacking in plant cells, although some cellular responses are similar in both systems [e.g. increased levels of cytosolic free calcium, nitric oxide (NO), and reactive oxygen species (ROS)]. The purpose of this review is to compare and contrast purinergic signaling mechanisms in animal and plant cells. This comparison will aid our overall understanding of plant physiology and also provide details of the general fundamentals of extracellular ATP signaling in eukaryotes.
Kantowski-Sachs spacetime in loop quantum cosmology: bounds on expansion and shear scalars and the viability of quantization
Creators: name: Joe, Anton
name: Singh, Parampreet
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using effective dynamics, we investigate the behavior of expansion and shear scalars in different proposed quantizations of the Kantowski-Sachs spacetime with matter in loop quantum cosmology. We find that out of the various proposed choices, there is only one known prescription which leads to the generic bounded behavior of these scalars. The bounds turn out to be universal and are determined by the underlying quantum geometry. This quantization is analogous to the so called 'improved dynamics' in the isotropic loop quantum cosmology, which is also the only one to respect the freedom of the rescaling of the fiducial cell at the level of effective spacetime description. Other proposed quantization prescriptions yield expansion and shear scalars which may not be bounded for certain initial conditions within the validity of effective spacetime description. These prescriptions also have a limitation that the "quantum geometric effects" can occur at an arbitrary scale. We show that the `improved dynamics' of Kantowski-Sachs spacetime turns out to be a unique choice in a general class of possible quantization prescriptions, in the sense of leading to generic bounds on expansion and shear scalars and the associated physics being free from fiducial cell dependence. The behavior of the energy density in the `improved dynamics' reveals some interesting features. Even without considering any details of the dynamical evolution, it is possible to rule out pancake singularities in this spacetime. The energy density is found to be dynamically bounded. These results show that the Planck scale physics of the loop quantized Kantowski-Sachs spacetime has key features common with the loop quantization of isotropic and Bianchi-I spacetimes.
description: Revised to match the published version in CQG. Discussion expanded and references added
Rho protein crosstalk: another social network?
Creators: name: Garcia-Mata, Rafael
name: Burridge, Keith
name: Guilluy, Christophe
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: Many fundamental processes in cell biology are regulated by Rho GTPases, including cell adhesion, migration and differentiation. While regulating cellular functions, members of the Rho protein family cooperate or antagonize each other. The resulting molecular network exhibits many levels of interaction dynamically regulated in time and space. In the first part of this review, we describe the main mechanisms of this crosstalk, which can occur at three different levels of the pathway: (1) through regulation of activity, (2) through regulation of protein expression and stability, and (3) through regulation of downstream signaling pathways. In the second part, we illustrate the importance of Rho protein crosstalk with two examples: integrin-based adhesion and cell migration.
Unraveling the enigma: progress towards understanding the coronin family of actin regulators
Creators: name: Bear, James E.
name: Chan, Keefe T.
name: Creed, Sarah J.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: Coronins are a conserved family of actin cytoskeleton regulators that promote cell motility and modulate other actin-dependent processes. Although these proteins have been known for twenty years, substantial progress has been made in the last five years towards understanding coronins. Here, we review this progress, place it into the context of what was already known and pose several questions that remain to be addressed. In particular, we cover the emerging consensus about the role of Type I coronins in coordinating the function of Arp2/3 complex and ADF/cofilin proteins. This coordination plays an important role in leading edge actin dynamics and overall cell motility. Finally, we discuss the roles played by the more exotic coronins of the Type II and III classes in cellular processes away from the leading edge.
Decision making during interneuron migration in the developing cerebral cortex
Creators: name: Anton, E.S.
name: Guo, Jiami
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: Appropriate interneuron migration and distribution is essential for the construction of functional neuronal circuitry and the maintenance of excitatory/inhibitory balance in the brain. GABAergic interneurons originating from ventral telencephalon choreograph a complex pattern of migration to reach their target destinations within the developing brain. This review examines the cellular and molecular underpinnings of the major decision-making steps involved in this process of oriental navigation of cortical interneurons.
A functional architecture of the human brain: emerging insights from the science of emotion
Creators: name: Barrett, Lisa Feldman
name: Lindquist, Kristen A.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: The ‘faculty psychology’ approach to the mind, which attempts to explain mental function in terms of categories that reflect modular ‘faculties’, such as emotions, cognitions, and perceptions, has dominated research into the mind and its physical correlates. In this paper, we argue that brain organization does not respect the commonsense categories belonging to the faculty psychology approach. We review recent research from the science of emotion demonstrating that the human brain contains broadly distributed functional networks that can each be re-described as basic psychological operations that interact to produce a range of mental states, including, but not limited to, anger, sadness, fear, disgust, and so on. When compared to the faculty psychology approach, this ‘constructionist’ approach provides an alternative functional architecture to guide the design and interpretation of experiments in cognitive neuroscience.
Genetic determinants of voluntary exercise
Creators: name: Pomp, Daniel
name: Kelly, Scott A.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: Variation in voluntary exercise behavior is an important determinant of long-term human health. Increased physical activity is used as a preventative measure or therapeutic intervention for disease, and a sedentary lifestyle has generally been viewed as unhealthy. Predisposition to engage in voluntary activity is heritable and induces protective metabolic changes, but its complex genetic/genomic architecture has only recently begun to emerge. We first present a brief historical perspective and summary of the known benefits of voluntary exercise. Second, we describe human and mouse model studies using genomic and transcriptomic approaches to reveal the genetic architecture of exercise. Third, we discuss the merging of genomic information and physiological observations, revealing systems and networks that lead to a more complete mechanistic understanding of how exercise protects against disease pathogenesis. Finally, we explore potential regulation of physical activity through epigenetic mechanisms, including those that persist across multiple generations.
GATA3: a master of many trades in immune regulation
Creators: name: Wan, Yisong Y.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: GATA3 has conventionally been regarded as a transcription factor that drives the differentiation of T helper (Th) 2 cells. Increasing evidence points to function for GATA3 beyond controlling Th2 differentiation. GATA3 regulates T cell development, proliferation and maintenance. Furthermore, recent studies have demonstrated important roles for GATA3 in innate lymphoid cells. Thus GATA3 emerges as a factor with diverse functions in immune regulation, which are in some cases cell-type specific and in others shared by multiple cell types. Here I discuss recent discoveries and the current understanding of the functions of GATA3 in immune regulation.
Additional file 1 of Effects of omega-3 supplementation on components of the endocannabinoid system and metabolic and inflammatory responses in adipose and liver of peripartum dairy cows
Creators: name: Kra, Gitit
name: Daddam, Jayasimha Rayalu
name: Moallem, Uzi
name: Kamer, Hadar
name: Kočvarová, Radka
name: Nemirovski, Alina
name: Contreras, G. Andres
name: Tam, Joseph
name: Zachut, Maya
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Inorganic Chemistry

description: Additional file 1: Fig. S1. Plasma cortisol concentrations in response to ACTH-challenge of postpartum dairy cows supplemented with n-3 (21 DIM). Fig. S2. Distribution of adipocytes according to adipocyte area of adipose tissue of PP dairy cows supplemented with n-3 fatty acids or control diet. Fig. S3. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) protein abundance of ECS-related proteins during the 1st week PP of dairy cows supplemented with n-3 fatty acids. Fig. S4. Western blot images of Adipose tissue average protein expression of ECS-related, lipid metabolism and inflammatory proteins of PP dairy cows supplemented with n-3 fatty acids. Fig. S5. Western blot images of Liver average protein expression of ECS-related, lipid metabolism and inflammatory proteins of PP dairy cows supplemented with n-3 fatty acids. Table S1. List of primers used to determine gene transcription levels. Table S2. List of immunoblot Ab's used to measure protein abundance. Table S3. Fatty acid (FA) profile in plasma of postpartum dairy cows supplemented with n-3. Table S4. White blood cells (WBC) average gene transcription levels (relative quantities; RQ) of ECS-related genes during the 1st week PP of dairy cows supplemented with n-3 fatty acids. Table S5. Adipose tissue relative protein abundance of ECS-related, lipid metabolism and inflammatory proteins of PP dairy cows supplemented with n-3 fatty acids. Table S6. Liver tissue relative protein abundance of ECS-related, lipid metabolism and inflammatory proteins of PP dairy cows supplemented with n-3 fatty acids.
Time variation of the Equation of State for Dark Energy
Creators: name: Hara, Tetsuya
name: Sakata, Ryohei
name: Muromachi, Yusuke
name: Itoh, Yutaka
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The time variation of the equation of state ($w_Q$) for the dark energy is analyzed by the current values of parameters $Ω_Q $, $w_Q $ and their time derivatives. In the future, detailed feature of the dark energy could be observed, so we have considered the second derivatives of $w_Q$ for two types of potential: One is an inverse power-law type ($V=M^{4+α}/Q^α$) and the other is an exponential one ($V=M^4\exp{(βM/Q)}$). The first derivative $dw_Q/da$ and the second derivative $d^2 w_Q/da^2$ for both potentials are derived. The first derivative is estimated by the observed two parameters $Δ=w_Q+1$ and $Ω_Q$, with the assuming for $Q_0$. In the limit $Δ\rightarrow 0$, the first derivative is null and, under the tracker approximation, the second derivative also becomes null. For the inverse power potential $V=M^{4+α}/Q^α$, the observed first and second derivatives are used to determine the potential parameter $M$ and $α$. For the potential of $V=M^4\exp{(βM/Q)}$, the second derivative is estimated by the observed parameters $Δ$, $Ω_Q$ and $dw_Q/da$.
description: 15 pages
title: Berechnete Lust
Creators: name: Mallek, Joshua
Year: 2022

description: Computergenerierte Pornografie hat sich mit der Demokratisierung der digitalen Produktionsmittel als eigene pornografische Kategorie etabliert. Mittlerweile haben auch Amateur*innen die Möglichkeit, mithilfe von Software wie Daz3D durch Online-Datenbanken auf Prototypen von Charakteren, Umgebungen und Objekten zuzugreifen, um so innerhalb kurzer Zeit komplexe Szenen herzustellen. Das Resultat dieser Entwicklung ist eine Vielzahl an neuen Pornograf*innen, die ihre Vorstellungen von Sexualität über die Produktion von digitalen Bildern visualisieren. Im Gegensatz zum pornografischem Realfilm, bei dem Akteur*innen bei sexuellen Handlungen gefilmt werden, unterscheidet sich die computergenerierte Pornografie durch ihre Machart: Körper werden digital hergestellt und über 3D-Programme geformt und positioniert. Der Körper ist nicht länger an die gesetzten Grenzen der Realität gebunden und wird im sich kontinuierlich entwickelnden Genre viel mehr als pornografischer Baukasten angedacht. Das Ergebnis der künstlerischen Praxis ist eine unermessliche Vielfalt fantastischer Wesen aus Videospielen, Film und Fernsehen. Sexuelle Orientierung und Identität scheinen konzeptuell erstmals von einer Fluidität durchdrungen zu sein. Die extremen Ausformungen wirken in ihrer Monstrosität grotesk wie parodistisch. In der vorliegenden Arbeit werden mehrere Bilder von der Website Slushe aus einer post-pornografischer Perspektive untersucht sowie der Frage nachgegangen, in welcher Weise sich die computergenerierte Pornografie bei der Verhandlung von Geschlecht und Körper an den Darstellungskonventionen des pornografischen Realfilms orientiert.
Investigating the biological and clinical significance of human dysbioses
Creators: name: Zhu, Wei
name: Li, Ellen
name: Frank, Daniel N.
name: Sartor, R. Balfour
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: Culture-independent microbiological technologies that interrogate complex microbial populations without prior axenic culture, coupled with high-throughput DNA sequencing, have revolutionized the scale, speed, and economics of microbial ecological studies. Their application to the medical realm has lead to a highly productive merger of clinical, experimental, and environmental microbiology. The functional roles played by members of the human microbiota are being actively explored through experimental manipulation of animal model systems and studies of human populations. In concert, these studies have appreciably expanded our understanding of the composition and dynamics of human-associated microbial communities (microbiota). Of note, several human diseases have been linked to alterations in the composition of resident microbial communities, so-called dysbiosis [1]. However, how changes in microbial communities contribute to disease etiology remains poorly defined. Correlation of microbial composition represents integration of only two datasets (phenotype and microbial composition). This article explores strategies for merging the human microbiome data with multiple additional datasets (e.g. host single nucleotide polymorphisms [SNP] and host gene expression) and for integrating patient-based data with results from experimental animal models to gain deeper understanding of how host-microbe interactions impact disease.
Nonlinear arcsin-electrodynamics
Creators: name: Kruglov, S. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A new model of nonlinear electrodynamics with three parameters is suggested and investigated. It is shown that if the external constant magnetic field presents the phenomenon of vacuum birefringence takes place. The indexes of refraction for two polarizations of electromagnetic waves, parallel and perpendicular to the magnetic induction field are calculated. The electric field of a point-like charge is not singular at the origin and the static electric energy is finite. We have calculated the static electric energy of point-like particles for different parameters of the model. The canonical and symmetrical Belinfante energy-momentum tensors and dilatation current are obtained. We demonstrate that the dilatation symmetry and dual symmetry are broken in the model suggested.
description: 10 pages, 1 figure, accepted for publication in Ann. Phys. (Berlin)
Mucosal HIV-1 transmission and prevention strategies in BLT humanized mice
Creators: name: Garcia, J. Victor
name: Denton, Paul W.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: Clinical trials testing microbicides and related biomedical interventions to block HIV transmissions have produced contradictory results and to date it is unclear why. Further elucidation of the molecular basis of mucosal HIV transmission and extensive pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic analyses are essential to implementing effective prevention strategies. Animal models are of critical importance to this effort and bone marrow-liver-thymus (or BLT) humanized mice have recently emerged as a powerful small animal research platform for in vivo efficacy evaluation of mucosal and parenteral HIV-1 prevention interventions. The availability of this validated system for the pre-clinical evaluation of HIV-1 prevention approaches will accelerate the implementation of the best candidate interventions into clinical trials.
Reproducing the Kinematics of Damped Lyman-alpha Systems
Creators: name: Bird, Simeon
name: Haehnelt, Martin
name: Neeleman, Marcel
name: Genel, Shy
name: Vogelsberger, Mark
name: Hernquist, Lars
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine the kinematic structure of Damped Lyman-alpha Systems (DLAs) in a series of cosmological hydrodynamic simulations using the AREPO code. We are able to match the distribution of velocity widths of associated low ionisation metal absorbers substantially better than earlier work. Our simulations produce a population of DLAs dominated by halos with virial velocities around 70 km/s, consistent with a picture of relatively small, faint objects. In addition, we reproduce the observed correlation between velocity width and metallicity and the equivalent width distribution of SiII. Some discrepancies of moderate statistical significance remain; too many of our spectra show absorption concentrated at the edge of the profile and there are slight differences in the exact shape of the velocity width distribution. We show that the improvement over previous work is mostly due to our strong feedback from star formation and our detailed modelling of the metal ionisation state.
description: 14 pages, 13 figures, minor changes to match version accepted by MNRAS
Angelman syndrome: insights into genomic imprinting and neurodevelopmental phenotypes
Creators: name: Zylka, Mark J.
name: Judson, Matthew C.
name: Mabb, Angela M.
name: Philpot, Benjamin D.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: Angelman syndrome (AS) is a severe genetic disorder caused by mutations or deletions of the maternally inherited UBE3A gene. UBE3A encodes an E3 ubiquitin ligase that is expressed biallelically in most tissues but is maternally expressed in almost all neurons. In this review, we describe recent advances in understanding the expression and function of UBE3A in the brain and the etiology of AS. We highlight current AS model systems, epigenetic mechanisms of UBE3A regulation, and the identification of potential UBE3A substrates in the brain. In the process, we identify major gaps in our knowledge that, if bridged, could move us closer to identifying treatments for this debilitating neurodevelopmental disorder.
Additional file 1 of Efficacy of native cyclopoid copepods in biological vector control with regard to their predatory behavior against the Asian tiger mosquito, Aedes albopictus
Creators: name: Pauly, Isabel
name: Jakoby, Oliver
name: Becker, Norbert
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. The predation efficiency against and number of consumed Aedes albopictus and Culex pipiens s.l. first-instar larvae, simultaneously exposed to Megacyclops viridis copepods.
Complementarity of Dark Matter Searches at Resonance
Creators: name: Fairbairn, Malcolm
name: Heal, John
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider models of dark matter where the couplings between the standard model and the dark sector fall at resonance due to kinematics and direct detection experiments become insensitive. To be specific, we consider a simple model of 100 GeV - TeV scale dark matter coupled to the standard model via a vector boson. We explore whether it will be possible to exclude such regions of the parameter space using future observations of dijet rates at the LHC and CTA and AMS observations of the Galactic Centre.
description: 7 pages, 9 figures
Recent highlights in antimalarial drug resistance and chemotherapy research
Creators: name: Eastman, Richard T.
name: Fidock, David A.
name: Ward, Stephen A.
name: Meshnick, Steven R.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: This review summarizes recent investigations into antimalarial drug resistance and chemotherapy, including reports of some of the many exciting talks and posters on this topic that were presented at the third Molecular Approaches to Malaria meeting held in Lorne, Australia, in February 2008 (MAM 2008). After surveying this area of research, we focus on two important questions: what is the molecular contribution of pfcrt to chloroquine resistance, and what is the mechanism of action of artemisinin? We conclude with thoughts about the current state of antimalarial chemotherapy and priorities moving forward.
La importancia de las revisiones imparciales de productos tecnológicos para tomar decisiones informadas al comprar online
Creators: name: Rivero, Carlos
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Marketing technology
Industrial electronics
Educational technology and computing

description: En la era digital actual, la tecnología juega un papel fundamental en nuestras vidas, por lo que la elección de un dispositivo tecnológico adecuado puede ser abrumadora para muchos consumidores. En este contexto, las revisiones independientes de productos electrónicos son esenciales para ayudar a los consumidores a tomar decisiones informadas y evitar compras indeseadas.
 El presente artículo académico evidencia la relevancia de las valoraciones imparciales en la generación de contenido de alta calidad para los usuarios, así como su potencial para optimizar la experiencia del cliente y fortalecer la confianza en productos y servicios. Mediante el análisis de la conceptualización y particularidades de las valoraciones imparciales, sumado a la exposición de su influencia en la adopción de decisiones conscientes de adquisición, este estudio subraya la necesidad de que los consumidores busquen y se apoyen en evaluaciones imparciales al comprar online.
 Como expertos en electrónica, nuestra investigación en el área de las revisiones imparciales de productos tecnológicos destaca la importancia de la transparencia, la precisión y la verificabilidad en la creación de contenido de calidad, lo que beneficia tanto a los consumidores como a las marcas y fabricantes de productos tecnológicos.
The perils of PCR: can we accurately ‘correct’ antimalarial trials?
Creators: name: Juliano, Jonathan J.
name: Sutherland, Colin J.
name: Meshnick, Steven R.
name: Gadalla, Nahla
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: During follow-up in antimalarial drug trials, treated subjects can be newly infected. PCR correction is used to distinguish this re-infection from drug failure (recrudescence) and to adjust final drug efficacy estimates. The epidemiological, biological and technical limitations of PCR correction and how this may lead to misclassification in drug trial outcomes are underappreciated. This article considers these limitations and proposes a framework for reporting, interpreting, and improving PCR correction of antimalarial trials.
Ahead of the curve: next generation estimators of drug resistance in malaria infections
Creators: name: Juliano, Jonathan J.
name: Bailey, Jeffrey A.
name: Read, Andrew F.
name: Carlton, Jane M.
name: Mideo, Nicole
name: Kennedy, David A.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: Drug resistance is a major obstacle for controlling infectious diseases. A key challenge is detecting the early signs of drug resistance when little is known about its genetic basis. Focusing on malaria parasites, we propose a way to do this. Newly developing or low level resistance at low frequency in patients can be detected through a phenotypic signature: individual parasite variants clearing more slowly following drug treatment. Harnessing the abundance and resolution of deep sequencing data, our ‘selection differential’ approach addresses some limitations of extant methods of resistance detection, should allow for the earliest detection of resistance in malaria or other multi-clone infections, and has the power to uncover the true scale of the drug resistance problem.
The role of submicroscopic parasitemia in malaria transmission: what is the evidence?
Creators: name: Saunders, David L.
name: Meshnick, Steven R.
name: Lin, Jessica T.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: Achieving malaria elimination requires targeting the human reservoir of infection, including those with asymptomatic infection. Smear-positive asymptomatic infections detectable by microscopy are an important reservoir because they often persist for months and harbor gametocytes, the parasite stage infectious to mosquitoes. However, many asymptomatic infections are submicroscopic and can only be detected by molecular methods. While there is some evidence that persons with submicroscopic malaria can infect mosquitoes, transmission is much less likely to occur at submicroscopic gametocyte levels. As malaria elimination programs pursue mass screening and treatment of asymptomatic individuals, further research should strive to define the degree to which submicroscopic malaria contributes to the infectious reservoir, and in turn, what diagnostic detection threshold is needed to effectively interrupt transmission.
Towards a revised nomenclature for P1 and P2 receptors
Creators: name: Burnstock, Geoffrey
name: Dubyak, George R.
name: Harden, T.Kendall
name: Fredholm, Bertil B.
name: Jacobson, Kenneth A.
name: Schwabe, Ulrich
name: Williams, Michael
name: Abbracchio, Maria P.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1997

description: 8
Additional file 1 of Ergonomists’ experiences of executing occupational health surveillance for workers exposed to hand-intensive work: a qualitative exploration
Creators: name: Eliasson, Kristina
name: Fjellman-Wiklund, Anncristine
name: Dahlgren, Gunilla
name: Hellman, Therese
name: Svartengren, Magnus
name: Nyman, Teresia
name: Lewis, Charlotte
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1. Interview schedule.
Almost commuting permutations are near commuting permutations
Creators: name: Arzhantseva, Goulnara
name: Paunescu, Liviu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 20Fxx, 20F05, 20B30, 15A27

description: We prove that the commutator is stable in permutations endowed with the Hamming distance, that is, two permutations that almost commute are near two commuting permutations. Our result extends to $k$-tuples of almost commuting permutations, for any given $k$, and allows restrictions, for instance, to even permutations.
description: Corrected the definition of the Loeb space; more details in the proof of the main result, Journal of Functional Analysis, Available online 2015
title: Erkennen von "MINT-Potentialen"
Creators: name: Petersen, Malte
Year: 2022

description: Hoch qualifizierten MINT-Fachkräften wird eine besondere Relevanz bezüglich der Innovationsfähigkeit und wirtschaftlichen Konkurrenzfähigkeit von Industrienationen zugeschrieben. Trotz vorteilhafter Arbeitsbedingungen und guter Verdienstmöglichkeiten gibt es einen Fachkräftemangel in diesem Bereich. Dementsprechend besteht hoher Bedarf, mögliche Prädiktoren, die für die Wahl eines MINT-Studienfachs ausschlaggebend sind, zu identifizieren. Die vorliegende Studie untersuchte, inwieweit das Interesse, die Raumvorstellung und das bereichsspezifische MINT-Selbstkonzept die Wahl eines MINT-Studiengangs vorhersagen können. 158 Studierenden wurde eine Online-Testbatterie, bestehend aus einem Interessenfragebogen, 2 Raumvorstellungstests, sowie Fragen zum MINT-Selbstkonzept vorgegeben. Basierend auf dem MINT-Anteil ihres Studienfachs wurden die Testpersonen in 3 Gruppen aufgeteilt. Ergebnisse einer multivariaten Varianzanalyse zeigten signifikante Gruppenunterschiede in den untersuchten Faktoren. Die Resultate von anschließend durchgeführten Diskriminanzanalysen heben die besondere Bedeutung der Interessenskalen und des MINT-Selbstkonzepts bezüglich der Wahl eines MINT-Studienfachs hervor. Die Raumvorstellung hingegen zeigte keine signifikante Verbesserung der Vorhersagekraft. Erklärungen für die gefundenen Ergebnisse, sowie die Bedeutung für die Studienwahlberatung im MINT-Bereich werden diskutiert.
description: Highly educated STEM specialists are considered to be of particular relevance with regard to the innovative capacity and economic competitiveness of industrialized nations. Despite advantageous working conditions and good earning opportunities, there is a shortage of skilled workers in this field. Accordingly, there is a high need to identify any factors that are decisive for the choice of a STEM field of study. This study examined the extent to which interest, spatial ability, and domain-specific STEM self-concept can predict the choice of a STEM major. 158 students were given an online test battery consisting of an interest questionnaire, 2 spatial ability tests, and STEM self-concept questions. Based on the STEM portion of their field of study, subjects were divided into 3 groups. Results of a multivariate analysis of variance showed significant group differences in the factors investigated. Results of subsequently conducted discriminant analyses highlighted the particular importance of the interest scales and STEM self-concept regarding the choice of a STEM field of study. Spatial ability, on the other hand, showed no significant improvement in predictive power. Explanations for the results found, as well as the significance for study choice counseling in STEM fields, are discussed.
Therapy for Persistent HI
Creators: name: Keedy, Kara S.
name: Margolis, David M.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: Given the scope of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) pandemic, millions of people will be in need of chronic antiretroviral therapy (ART) for decades into the future. It is hoped that progress in prevention of HIV infection can be made, but there have been few successes in this effort thus far. At the same time, lifelong ART presents formidable problems. Therefore, while research must continue on improvements in prevention and treatment, future HIV research should now also seek to develop temporally contained therapies capable of eradicating HIV infection. This review will explore what is known about the mechanisms that restrain HIV expression and result in persistent, latent proviral infection, and what these mechanisms tell us about potential approaches towards eradication of HIV infection.
THE SUBATOMIC SYMPHONY - UNRAVELING THE SECRETS OF MATTER, ENERGY, AND THE COSMOS
Creators: name: Brandl, Edenilson
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Particle Physics
Subatomic Particles
Quantum Mechanics
Synthesis of Elements
Nucleosynthesis
Teilchenphysik
Subatomare Teilchen
Quantenmechanik
Synthese von Elementen
Nukleosynthese

description: This article delves into the captivating realm of particle physics, exploring the fundamental constituents of matter and their intricate interactions. This comprehensive discourse navigates through the essential properties of subatomic particles, the theoretical frameworks of quantum mechanics and relativity, and the transformative role of particle accelerators. The article highlights the significance of modeling these particles in understanding cosmic events, detailing their synthesis through experimental techniques, and addressing the ethical considerations in particle physics research. By weaving together scientific exploration, ethical responsibilities, and the limitless possibilities of discovery, this article encapsulates the multifaceted landscape of particle physics, offering a profound glimpse into the mysteries of the subatomic world.
 
Dieser Artikel taucht in das faszinierende Reich der Teilchenphysik ein und erforscht die grundlegenden Bestandteile der Materie und ihre komplizierten Wechselwirkungen. Dieser umfassende Diskurs führt durch die wesentlichen Eigenschaften subatomarer Teilchen, die theoretischen Rahmenbedingungen der Quantenmechanik und Relativitätstheorie sowie die transformative Rolle von Teilchenbeschleunigern. Der Artikel hebt die Bedeutung der Modellierung dieser Teilchen für das Verständnis kosmischer Ereignisse hervor, beschreibt ihre Synthese durch experimentelle Techniken und geht auf ethische Überlegungen in der Teilchenphysikforschung ein. Durch die Verknüpfung wissenschaftlicher Forschung, ethischer Verantwortung und der grenzenlosen Möglichkeiten der Entdeckung fasst dieser Artikel die facettenreiche Landschaft der Teilchenphysik zusammen und bietet einen tiefgreifenden Einblick in die Geheimnisse der subatomaren Welt.
Editorial for Art Style Magazine Issue 11
Creators: name: Wagner, Christiane
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Art Style, Art & Culture International Magazine For our 11th edition, we have prepared a special issue, “Atmosphere and Mood: Two Sides of the Same Phenomenon,” edited by Martina Sauer and Zhuofei Wang. It is a wide-ranging contemporary theme that includes the aesthetic experience, external and internal factors that subtly influence perception, and theoretical and empirical approaches that relate to human-environment interactions. Art Style | Art & Culture International Magazine is an open-access, biannual, and peer-reviewed online magazine aiming to bundle cultural diversity. The Art Style Magazineoperates under the guidance of the editor-in-chief, supported by an international editorial board and scientific committee.
description: Art Style, Art & Culture International Magazine is an open-access, biannual, and peer-reviewed online magazine that aims to bundle cultural diversity. All values of cultures are shown in their varieties of art. Beyond the importance of the medium, form, and context in which art takes its characteristics, art is considered the significance of socio-cultural, historical, and market influence.