cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Radiogenic isotopic systematics of layered intrusions : application to the Mesoproterozoic Kiglapait intrusion of coastal Labrador, Canada, and to mafic-ultramafic rock reference materials
Creators: name: Fourny, Anaïs
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2018

description: Mafic layered intrusions in the Earth’s crust are natural laboratories for evaluating differentiation processes of mantle-derived magma. The Mesoproterozoic Kiglapait intrusion (Labrador, Canada) represents a remarkable case study of how these intrusions form under closed-system crystallization of basaltic magma. The Kiglapait intrusion is the largest and youngest troctolitic intrusion contained within the vast Nain Plutonic Suite, one of the best-preserved examples of Proterozoic anorthosite massifs that distinguish magmatic activity in the Earth’s crust from ~1.8 to 0.9 billion years ago. The radiogenic isotope ratios of Pb-Sr-Nd-Hf are powerful geochemical tools for identifying magma sources, detecting contamination, and tracing mixing processes in igneous rocks. To measure accurate and precise isotopic ratios by MC-ICP-MS, the analysis of sample–matrix-matched reference materials is required. A new comprehensive isotope database of mafic to ultramafic reference materials is provided to assess the accuracy of Pb-Sr-Nd-Hf isotopes in Kiglapait samples and to be used as a reference dataset for the isotopic study of other terrestrial, and extraterrestrial, mafic-ultramafic rocks. Integration of Pb-Sr-Nd-Hf isotope and trace element geochemistry of whole rocks and mineral separates allows for definition of the Kiglapait source and parent magma composition. An event of post-crystallization addition of radiogenic Pb is distinguished, the effects of which are effectively leached from plagioclase during sample pre-treatment. An in situ LA-ICP-MS technique is also developed for measuring Pb isotope ratios at high spatial resolution in minerals with very low Pb concentrations, such as plagioclase and clinopyroxene. Combined, the solution-based Pb-Sr-Nd-Hf and in situ Pb isotopic results demonstrate that the primary Kiglapait magma was mantle-derived, with minor assimilation of lower crust during ponding and ascent, and that assimilation of local country rocks, as recorded primarily in Sr isotopic variations, was limited to the uppermost gabbros and ferrosyenites during the final stages of crystallization. This multi-isotopic and trace element geochemical framework developed for the Kiglapait intrusion, and at a larger scale for the entire Nain Plutonic Suite, can be adapted to layered intrusions and Proterozoic anorthosite plutonic suites worldwide to better constrain a wide range of geological issues from mantle heterogeneity to crustal differentiation to Proterozoic geodynamics.
Semiparametric Estimation of First-Price Auction Models*
Creators: name: Aryal, Gaurab
name: Gabrielli, Maria F.
name: Vuong, Quang
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: In this paper we propose a two-step semiparametric procedure to estimate first-price auction models. In the first-step, we estimate the bid density and distribution using local polynomial method, and recover a sample of (pseudo) private values. In the second-step, we apply the method of moments to the sample of private values to estimate a finite set of parameters that characterize the density of private values. We show that our estimator attains the parametric consistency rate and is asymptotically normal. And we also determine its asymptotic variance. The advantage of our approach is that it can accommodate multiple auction covariates. Monte Carlo exercises show that the estimator performs well both in estimating the value density and in choosing the revenue maximizing reserve price.
La era postdigital en la enseñanza de las artes visuales. Transformación educativa y propuestas para el debate
The post-digital era in visual arts education. Educational transformation and proposals for discussion
Creators: name: Marfil-Carmona, Rafael
Publisher: name: Escola Superior de Educação de Paula Frassinetti - CIPAF
Year: 2018
Subjects: Educación Artística; Artes visuales; Educación Mediática; Postdigital; Cultura Digital

description: La Educación Artística del siglo XXI se está adaptando a profundos cambios sociales, culturales y educativos, en los que la enseñanza de las artes visuales y la educación mediática se integran dentro de un ámbito interdisciplinar en el contexto de la cultura digital y la pantalla global. En este trabajo se exponen, desde una base ensayística y como propuesta para el debate, algunas ideas esenciales que describen, además de plantear interrogantes, diversas líneas de trabajo en torno al presente y al futuro de la enseñanza del arte. Destacan, como aspectos fundamentales, la convivencia de la imagen y la palabra en la sociedad red; la superación de lo tecnológico como novedad en la era post-digital y la hibridación de lo artístico y lo mediático desde el punto de vista del análisis y la didáctica de la imagen.

The post-digital era in visual arts education. Educational transformation and proposals for discussion

Abstract

The Arts Education of the 21st century is adapting to profound social, cultural and educational changes, in which the teaching of the visual arts and media education are integrated within an interdisciplinary field in the context of digital culture and the global screen. This paper presents, on an essay basis and as a proposal for debate, some essential ideas that describe, in addition to raising questions, various lines of work on the present and future of arts education. These are the most important aspects: the coexistence of image and word in the network society; the arrival of the post-digital era, in which the technological is no longer new; the hybridization of the artistic and the media from the point of view of image analysis and didactics.

Keywords

Arts Education, Visual Arts, Media Education, Postdigital, Digital Culture.
description: Saber & Educar, n. 24 (2018): A Educação Artística na Escola do Século XXI
Brain-like infrastructure for embedded SoC diagnosis
Creators: name: Hahanov, Vladimir
name: Gharibi, Wajeb
name: Guz, Olesya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Hardware Architecture (cs.AR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This article describes high-speed multiprocessor architecture for the concurrent analyzing information represented in analytic, graph- and table forms of associative relations to search, recognize and make a decision in n-dimensional vector discrete space. Vector-logical process models of actual applications,for which the quality of solution is estimated by the proposed integral non-arithmetical metric of the interaction between Boolean vectors, are described.
description: 5 pages
title: Chatbots in der Bewerberkommunikation
Creators: name: Arzl, Patrick
Publisher: name: FH Vorarlberg (Fachhochschule Vorarlberg)
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 650 Management

description: In der vorliegenden Masterarbeit geht es darum, inwiefern das Conversational Design von NLP-basierten Chatbots in der Bewerberkommunikation gestaltet werden kann, um eine optimale Candidate Experience für die Bewerber/innen zu schaffen. Das Conversational Design umfasst dabei die Dialoggestaltung, den sprachlichen Stil sowie die Relevanz einer Persönlichkeit eines Chatbots. Es wird beschrieben, wie Chatbots auf der Karrierehomepage sowie auf Messenger-Plattformen eingesetzt werden können. Dabei geht es ausschließlich um Textbots, die mit Hilfe der Technologie von Natural Language Processing und basierend auf das Machine Learning als schwache Form der künstlichen Intelligenz in der Bewerberkommunikation eingesetzt werden. Dazu wurden im empirischen Teil qualitative Experteninterviews mit Personen aus HR-Abteilungen sowie mit Beratungsunternehmen geführt. Ziel dieser Arbeit ist es, einen Leitfaden für HR-Abteilungen bereitzustellen, inwiefern das Conversational Design von Chatbots gestaltet werden kann sowie welche kritischen Erfolgsfaktoren zur Schaffung einer optimalen Candidate Experience berücksichtigt werden müssen.
description: This master thesis is about the extent to which the conversational design of NLP-based chatbots in applicant communication can be designed to create an optimal candidate experience for applicants. The conversational design includes the dialog design, the linguistic style as well as the relevance of a personality of a chatbot. Furthermore, it is described how chatbots can be used on the career homepage as well as on messenger platforms. The focus is exclusively on textbots that are used in applicant communication with the help of natural language processing technology and based on machine learning as a weak form of artificial intelligence. For this purpose, qualitative expert interviews with people from HR departments as well as consulting companies were conducted in the empirical part. The aim of this work is to provide a guideline for HR departments on the extent to which the conversational design of chatbots can be shaped and which critical success factors must be taken into account to create an optimal candidate experience.
title: Regionalbanken als attraktiver Arbeitgeber für die Generation Z
title: Ein zielgerechtes Employer Branding verstärkt die positive Wahrnehmung einer Regionalbank als interessanter Arbeitgeber bei den Mitgliedern der Generation Z
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Fankhauser, Sascha
Publisher: name: FH Vorarlberg (Fachhochschule Vorarlberg)
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 300 Sozialwissenschaften

description: Regionalbanken sind aus dem Banken- und Finanzsystem Österreichs nicht wegzudenken. Sie sind in der Bevölkerung traditionell stark verwurzelt und stoßen auf hohe Akzeptanz und Vertrauen – nicht zuletzt durch ihre hochqualifizierten Mitarbeiter. Die vorliegende Arbeit gibt Antwort auf die Fragestellung, wie es den Regionalbanken auch in Zukunft gelingen kann, hochqualifizierte Fachkräfte als Mitarbeiter zu gewinnen. Dazu muss die Generation Z, jene Generation, die jetzt ins Arbeitsleben tritt und dieses zukünftig prägen wird, für die Mitarbeit gewonnen werden. Ein entscheidender Schlüssel, um die Regionalbanken als attraktive Arbeitgeber für die Generation Z zu positionieren, ist das richtige Employer Branding. Die vorliegende Arbeit definiert zunächst die Regionalbanken innerhalb des österreichischen Bankensektors. Danach beschreibt sie kurz den demographischen Wandel in Österreich in den letzten Jahrzehnten und grenzt so die Generation Z von den anderen (noch) erwerbstätigen Generationen ab. Es wird weiter das Employer Branding in seinen Grundzügen erklärt. Aus einer quantitativen empirischen Studie werden jene erfolgversprechenden Faktoren für die Positionierung der Regionalbanken innerhalb der Generation Z abgeleitet und erklärt, die in Zukunft beim Employer Branding der Regionalbanken besonders zu berücksichtigen sind. Aus der Arbeit wird deutlich, dass für die Generation Z teilweise ganz andere Faktoren zählen als für vorherige Generationen. Etwa treten Hierarchien und die Möglichkeit und der Wille, klassische Führungsaufgaben zu übernehmen, in den Hintergrund, während Aspekte wie Work-Life-Balance, ein gutes Arbeitsklima sowie Arbeitsplatzsicherheit sehr wichtig sind.
On stochastic calculus related to financial assets without semimartingales
Creators: name: Coviello, Rosanna
name: Di Girolami, Cristina
name: Russo, Francesco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Pricing of Securities (q-fin.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This paper does not suppose a priori that the evolution of the price of a financial asset is a semimartingale. Since possible strategies of investors are self-financing, previous prices are forced to be finite quadratic variation processes. The non-arbitrage property is not excluded if the class $\mathcal{A}$ of admissible strategies is restricted. The classical notion of martingale is replaced with the notion of $\mathcal{A}$-martingale. A calculus related to $\mathcal{A}$-martingales with some examples is developed. Some applications to no-arbitrage, viability, hedging and the maximization of the utility of an insider are expanded. We finally revisit some no arbitrage conditions of Bender-Sottinen-Valkeila type.
Innovation, from concept to reality: a novel linear switched reluctance generator for wave energy conversion
Creators: name: Santos-Herrán, Miguel
name: Torres, Jorge
name: García-Tabarés, Luis
name: Blanco, Marcos
name: Navarro, Gustavo
name: Najera, Jorge
name: Santiago, Alvaro
name: Lafoz, Marcos
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Power-Take-Off, PTO

description: Azimuthal multi-translator switched reluctance machine description
Relative Velocity of Inertial Particles in Turbulent Flows
Creators: name: Pan, Liubin
name: Padoan, Paolo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a model for the relative velocity of inertial particles in turbulent flows. Our general formulation shows that the relative velocity has contributions from two terms, referred to as the generalized acceleration and generalized shear terms, because they reduce to the well known acceleration and shear terms in the Saffman-Turner limit. The generalized shear term represents particles' memory of the flow velocity difference along their trajectories and depends on the inertial particle pair dispersion backward in time. The importance of this backward dispersion in determining the particle relative velocity is emphasized. We find that our model with a two-phase separation behavior, an early ballistic phase and a later tracer-like phase, as found by recent simulations for the forward (in time) dispersion of inertial particle pairs, gives good fits to the measured relative speeds from simulations at low Reynolds numbers. In the monodisperse case with identical particles, the generalized acceleration term vanishes and the relative velocity is determined by the generalized shear term. At large Reynolds numbers, our model gives a $St^{1/2}$ dependence of the relative velocity on the Stokes number $St$ in the inertial range for both the ballistic behavior and the Richardson separation law. This leads to the same inertial-range scaling for the two-phase separation that well fits the simulation results. Our calculations for the bidisperse case show that, with the friction timescale of one particle fixed, the relative speed as a function of the other particle's friction time has a dip when the two timescales are similar. We find that the primary contribution at the dip is from the generalized shear term, while the generalized acceleration term is dominant for particles of very different sizes.
description: Accepted by J. Fluid. Mech. 35 pages
Dynamical charge and spin density wave scattering in cuprate superconductor
Creators: name: Seibold, G.
name: Grilli, M.
name: Lorenzana, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that a variety of spectral features in high-T_c cuprates can be understood from the coupling of charge carriers to some kind of dynamical order which we exemplify in terms of fluctuating charge and spin density waves. Two theoretical models are investigated which capture different aspects of such dynamical scattering. The first approach leaves the ground state in the disordered phase but couples the electrons to bosonic degrees of freedom, corresponding to the quasi singular scattering associated with the closeness to an ordered phase. The second, more phenomological approach starts from the construction of a frequency dependent order parameter which vanishes for small energies. Both theories capture scanning tunneling microscopy and angle-resoved photoemission experiments which suggest the protection of quasiparticles close to the Fermi energy but the manifestation of long-range order at higher frequencies.
description: 27 pages, 13 figures, to appear in New J. Phys
Graphene spin capacitor for magnetic field sensing
Creators: name: Semenov, Y. G.
name: Zavada, J. M.
name: Kim, K. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An analysis of a novel magnetic field sensor based on a graphene spin capacitor is presented. The proposed device consists of graphene nanoribbons on top of an insulator material connected to a ferromagnetic source/drain. The time evolution of spin polarized electrons injected into the capacitor can be used for an accurate determination at room temperature of external magnetic fields. Assuming a spin relaxation time of 100 ns, magnetic fields on the order of $\sim 10$ mOe may be detected at room temperature. The observational accuracy of this device depends on the density of magnetic defects and spin relaxation time that can be achieved.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures
Mixing properties of ARCH and time-varying ARCH processes
Creators: name: Fryzlewicz, Piotr
name: Rao, Suhasini Subba
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: There exist very few results on mixing for non-stationary processes. However, mixing is often required in statistical inference for non-stationary processes such as time-varying ARCH (tvARCH) models. In this paper, bounds for the mixing rates of a stochastic process are derived in terms of the conditional densities of the process. These bounds are used to obtain the $α$, 2-mixing and $β$-mixing rates of the non-stationary time-varying $\operatorname {ARCH}(p)$ process and $\operatorname {ARCH}(\infty)$ process. It is shown that the mixing rate of the time-varying $\operatorname {ARCH}(p)$ process is geometric, whereas the bound on the mixing rate of the $\operatorname {ARCH}(\infty)$ process depends on the rate of decay of the $\operatorname {ARCH}(\infty)$ parameters. We note that the methodology given in this paper is applicable to other processes.
description: Published in at http://dx.doi.org/10.3150/10-BEJ270 the Bernoulli (http://isi.cbs.nl/bernoulli/) by the International Statistical Institute/Bernoulli Society (http://isi.cbs.nl/BS/bshome.htm)
Spatial frequency processing in autism spectrum disorder
Creators: name: Kamensek, Todd
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2018

description: Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a developmental disorder characterized by deficits in social-communication and interaction in addition to restricted and repetitive behaviours and interests (American Psychiatric Association, 2013). Despite these deficits, a few studies have reported superior performance in various detail-oriented visual tasks, such as visual search (O'Riordan, Plaisted, Driver, & Baron-Cohen, 2001) and embedded figures (Shah & Frith, 1983). It has been suggested that these atypicalities can be attributed to enhanced perceptual functioning (EPF) in the ASD population (Mottron, Dawson, Soulières, Hubert, & Burack, 2006). In the present study we examined basic visual processing of spatial frequency (SF) as a potential source for EPF. We employed three experiments to assess three distinct aspects of SF perception: sensitivity, precision, and accuracy. In Experiment 1, using a 2-interval forced choice (2-IFC) detection paradigm, we measured contrast sensitivity at eight SFs. In Experiment 2, we assessed precision as a function of spatial frequency via a 2-IFC discrimination paradigm. In Experiment 3, we examined accuracy of SF perception (i.e., veridical perception) via a method-of-adjustment paradigm. Finally, in Experiment 4 we implemented a visual search paradigm that has previously demonstrated superior performance in people with ASD (Kemner, van Ewijk, van Engeland, & Hooge, 2007; O'Riordan et al., 2001). No evidence for enhanced perceptual functioning was found in any of our three experiments examining sensitivity, precision, or accuracy of SF perception in ASD (N = 20) compared to age-, gender-, non-verbal IQ-matched controls (N = 20). In addition, in the visual search task we found faster reaction times in our control group, the opposite of previous studies that found superior performance in ASD. These findings are consistent with previous research on visual orientation perception (Shafai, Armstrong, Iarocci, & Oruc, 2015) suggesting that enhanced low-level visual processing is not a source of EPF in ASD, as well as meta-analyses suggesting that EPF is not a characteristic of the overall population with ASD (Muth, Hönekopp, & Falter, 2014; Van der Hallen, Evers, Brewaeys, Van den Noortgate, & Wagemans, 2015).
The Evolution of Sunspot Magnetic Fields Associated with a Solar Flare
Creators: name: Murray, Sophie A.
name: Bloomfield, D. Shaun
name: Gallagher, Peter T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Solar flares occur due to the sudden release of energy stored in active-region magnetic fields. To date, the pre-cursors to flaring are still not fully understood, although there is evidence that flaring is related to changes in the topology or complexity of an active region's magnetic field. Here, the evolution of the magnetic field in active region NOAA 10953 was examined using Hinode/SOT-SP data, over a period of 12 hours leading up to and after a GOES B1.0 flare. A number of magnetic-field properties and low-order aspects of magnetic-field topology were extracted from two flux regions that exhibited increased Ca II H emission during the flare. Pre-flare increases in vertical field strength, vertical current density, and inclination angle of ~ 8degrees towards the vertical were observed in flux elements surrounding the primary sunspot. The vertical field strength and current density subsequently decreased in the post-flare state, with the inclination becoming more horizontal by ~7degrees. This behaviour of the field vector may provide a physical basis for future flare forecasting efforts.
description: Accepted for Publication in Solar Physics. 16 pages, 4 figures
Magnetic reconnection as the cause of cosmic ray excess from the heliospheric tail
Creators: name: Lazarian, A.
name: Desiati, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The observation of a broad excess of sub-TeV cosmic rays compatible with the direction of the heliospheric tail (Nagashima et al. 1998) and the discovery of two significant localized excess regions of multi-TeV cosmic rays by the MILAGRO collaboration (Abdo et al. 2008), also from the same region of the sky, have raised questions on their origin. In particular, the coincidence of the most significant localized region with the direction of the heliospheric tail and the small angular scale of the observed anisotropy (~ 10deg) is suggestive a local origin and of a possible connection to the low energy broad excess. Cosmic ray acceleration from magnetic reconnection in the magnetotail is proposed as a possible source of the energetic particles.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ
Vestibular perception in adolescents with Idiopathic Scoliosis
Creators: name: Woo, Emma Jean
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2018

description: Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis (AIS) is a three-dimensional spinal deformity. One of the proposed causes of AIS is asymmetric vestibular function and the related descending drive to the spine musculature. Indeed, unilateral labyrinthectomy in tadpoles results in a spinal curvature similar to scoliosis. The objective of this study was to determine if asymmetric vestibular function is present in individuals with AIS. Ten individuals with AIS (8 females, 2 males) and ten healthy controls (8 females, 2 males) were exposed to 10s virtual rotations induced by monaural or binaural electrical vestibular stimulation (EVS), and 10s real rotations delivered by sitting atop a rotary chair. Using a forced-choice paradigm, participants indicated their perceived rotation direction (right or left). A Bayesian adaptive algorithm adjusted the stimulus intensity and direction to identify a stimulus level, which we called the vestibular recognition threshold, at which participants correctly identified the rotation direction 69% of the time. For unilateral vestibular stimuli (monaural EVS), the recognition thresholds were more asymmetric in all participants with AIS compared to control participants (1.16 vs 0.06 mA; p < 0.001) but the recognition thresholds for bilateral vestibular stimuli did not differ between groups for both real and virtual rotations (multiple p > 0.05). No correlation was observed between the degree/side of the spine curvature and vestibular asymmetry in persons with AIS (p = 0.30). Our results demonstrate an asymmetry in vestibular function in individuals with AIS. Previous reports of semicircular canal orientation asymmetry in individuals with AIS could not explain this vestibular function asymmetry, suggesting a functional cause of the observed vestibular asymmetry. Vestibular function related to bilateral stimuli was well compensated, showing similar recognition thresholds across both groups of participants. The present results indicate that vestibular dysfunction is linked to AIS, potentially revealing a new path for the screening and monitoring of scoliosis in adolescents.
The gravitino problem in supersymmetric warm inflation
Creators: name: Sanchez, Juan C. Bueno
name: Bastero-Gil, Mar
name: Berera, Arjun
name: Dimopoulos, Konstantinos
name: Kohri, Kazunori
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The warm inflation paradigm considers the continuous production of radiation during inflation due to dissipative effects. In its strong dissipation limit, warm inflation gives way to a radiation dominated Universe. High scale inflation then yields a high reheating temperature, which then poses a severe gravitino overproduction problem for the supersymmetric realisations of warm inflation. In this paper we show that in certain class of supersymmetric models the dissipative dynamics of the inflaton is such that the field can avoid its complete decay after inflation. In some cases, the residual energy density stored in the field oscillations may come to dominate over the radiation bath at a later epoch. If the inflaton field finally decays much later than the onset of the matter dominated phase, the entropy produced in its decay may be sufficient to counteract the excess of gravitinos produced during the last stages of warm inflation.
description: 12 pages, 4 figures
Proliferation of sharp kinks on cosmic (super-)string loops with junctions
Creators: name: Binetruy, P.
name: Bohe, A.
name: Hertog, T.
name: Steer, D. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Motivated by their effect on the gravitational wave signal emitted by cosmic strings, we study the dynamics of kinks on strings of different tensions meeting at junctions. The propagation of a kink through a Y-junction leads to the formation of three `daughter' kinks. Assuming a uniform distribution of the incoming wave vectors at the junction, we find there is a significant region of configuration space in which the sharpness of at least one of the daughter kinks is enhanced relative to the sharpness of the initial kink. For closed loops with junctions we show this leads to an exponential growth in time of very sharp kinks. Using numerical simulations of realistic, evolving cosmic string loops with junctions to calculate the distribution of kink amplitudes as a function of time, we show that loops of this kind typically develop several orders of magnitude of very sharp kinks before the two junctions collide. This collision, or other effects such as gravitational backreaction, may end the proliferation.
description: 27 pages, 14 figures
Detection and Characterisation of Marine Heat Waves in the Mediterranean Sea in the past 40 years
Creators: name: Leonelli, Francesca
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021

description: 22nd GHRSST Science Team meeting (XXII), online, 7-11 June 2021 Full list of authors: Francesca Elisa Leonelli(1)(3), Andrea Pisano(1), Salvatore Marullo(2), Jacopo Chiggiato(1), Chunxue Yang(1), Rosalia Santoleri(1)
 (1) Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto di Scienze Marine (CNR-ISMAR)
 (2) Agenzia Nazionale per le Nuove Tecnologie, l’Energia e lo Sviluppo Economico Sostenibile (ENEA)
 (3) Dipartimento di Matematica, Sapienza Università di Roma
For the sake of simplicity: Unsupervised extraction of lexical simplifications from Wikipedia
Creators: name: Yatskar, Mark
name: Pang, Bo
name: Danescu-Niculescu-Mizil, Cristian
name: Lee, Lillian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: I.2.7

description: We report on work in progress on extracting lexical simplifications (e.g., "collaborate" -> "work together"), focusing on utilizing edit histories in Simple English Wikipedia for this task. We consider two main approaches: (1) deriving simplification probabilities via an edit model that accounts for a mixture of different operations, and (2) using metadata to focus on edits that are more likely to be simplification operations. We find our methods to outperform a reasonable baseline and yield many high-quality lexical simplifications not included in an independently-created manually prepared list.
description: 4 pp; data available at http://www.cs.cornell.edu/home/llee/data/simple/
An Inverse Norm Sign Test of Location Parameter for High-Dimensional Data
Creators: name: Feng, Long
name: Liu, Binghui
name: Ma, Yanyuan
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Ecology
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We consider the one sample location testing problem for high-dimensional data, where the data dimension is potentially much larger than the sample size. We devise a novel inverse norm sign test (INST) that is consistent and has much improved power than many existing popular tests. We further construct a general class of weighted spatial sign tests which includes these existing tests, and show that INST is the optimal member within this class, in that it is consistent and is uniformly more powerful than all other members. We establish the asymptotic null distribution and local power property of the class of tests rigorously. Extensive numerical experiments demonstrate the superiority of INST in terms of both efficiency and robustness.
Wide-field VLBA Observations of the Chandra Deep Field South
Creators: name: Middelberg, Enno
name: Deller, Adam
name: Morgan, John
name: Rottmann, Helge
name: Alef, Walter
name: Tingay, Steven
name: Norris, Ray
name: Bach, Uwe
name: Brisken, Walter
name: Lenc, Emil
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Wide-field surveys are a commonly-used method for studying thousands of objects simultaneously, to investigate, e.g., the joint evolution of star-forming galaxies and active galactic nuclei. VLBI observations can yield valuable input to such studies because they are able to identify AGN. However, VLBI observations of large swaths of the sky are impractical using standard methods, because the fields of view of VLBI observations are of the order of 10" or less. We have embarked on a project to carry out Very Long Baseline Array (VLBA) observations of all 96 known radio sources in one of the best-studied areas in the sky, the Chandra Deep Field South (CDFS). The challenge was to develop methods which could significantly reduce the amount of observing (and post-processing) time. We have developed an extension to the DiFX software correlator which allows one to correlate hundreds of positions within the primary beams. This extension enabled us to target many sources, at full resolution and high sensitivity, using only a small amount of observing time. The combination of wide fields-of-view and high sensitivity across the field in this survey is unprecedented. We have observed with the VLBA a single pointing containing the Chandra Deep Field South, in which 96 radio sources were known from previous observations with the ATCA. From our input sample, 20 were detected with the VLBA. The majority of objects have flux densities in agreement with arcsec-scale observations, implying that their radio emission comes from very small regions. One VLBI-detected object had earlier been classified as a star-forming galaxy. Comparing the VLBI detections to sources found in sensitive, co-located X-ray observations we find that X-ray detections are not a good indicator for VLBI detections. Wide-field VLBI survey science is now coming of age.
description: 20 pages, 7 figures, accepted for publication in A&A
Evolution of the binary population in young dense star clusters
Creators: name: Kaczmarek, Thomas
name: Olczak, Christoph
name: Pfalzner, Susanne
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Context: Field stars are not always single stars, but can often be found in bound double systems. Since binary frequencies in the birth places of stars, young embedded clusters, are sometimes even higher than on average the question arises of how binary stars form in young dense star clusters and how their properties evolve to those observed in the field population. Aims: We assess, the influence of stellar dynamical interactions on the primordial binary population in young dense cluster environments. Methods: We perform numerical N-body simulations of the Orion Nebula Cluster like star cluster models including primordial binary populations using the simulation code nbody6++. Results: We find two remarkable results that have yet not been reported: The first is that the evolution of the binary frequency in young dense star clusters is independent predictably of its initial value. The time evolution of the normalized number of binary systems has a fundamental shape. The second main result is that the mass of the primary star is of vital importance to the evolution of the binary. The more massive a primary star, the lower the probability that the binary is destroyed by gravitational interactions. This results in a higher binary frequency for stars more massive than $2\Msun$ compared to the binary frequency of lower mass stars. The observed increase in the binary frequency with primary mass is therefore most likely not due to differences in the formation process but can be entirely explained as a dynamical effect. Conclusions: Our results allow us to draw conclusions about the past and the future number of binary systems in young dense star clusters and demonstrate that the present field stellar population has been influenced significantly by its natal environments.
description: 8 pages, 6 figures
Gang interrupted : an investigation of what helps and hinders girls’ prosocial connectedness
Creators: name: Barrett-Wallis, Rebecca
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2018

description: Women and girls are being implicated in gang-related operations at alarming rates. Issues such as drug trafficking, sexual exploitation, gun violence and street entrenchment are of particular concern for this population. British Columbia has seen a rise in gang-associated violence and homicide directed at, or involving women over the last decade. Over a 3-month period in 2009, 4 women were reportedly killed due to their affiliation with B.C. gangs. The Surrey Wraparound Program (WRAP) a school-based Positive Youth Development (PYD) initiative, was established in 2009 in response to increasing gang-activity and youth crime in Surrey, B.C. The program aims to support youth at risk of gang involvement, youth displaying gang-associated behaviors, and youth currently involved in gangs, by attaching them to an adult mentor who works with the youth and their family to facilitate prosocial connections to five life domains: a) school b) community c) home d) peers and e) the self. A 2012 evaluation report determined the program to be effective in reaching its objectives with a predominantly male population (84%). However, within the last two years the program has dramatically increased its responsiveness to girls, with a nearly 50% increase in female clients. While this response is both urgent and timely, this important work has yet to benefit from local, evidence-informed research to shape and support its efforts. The present study contributes to this effort by making use of the Enhanced Critical Incident Technique (ECIT) to capture the voices of eight female identifying clients, and nine staff/ program affiliates who were asked to respond to the question: What has helped/hindered/would have better helped facilitate a) your prosocial connectedness? (clients) b) the prosocial connectedness of your female clients? (staff). Findings were organized into 34 categories: 15 demonstrated those incidents that were helpful to participants, 10 demonstrated those incidents that were hindering, and nine demonstrated wish list items across the two groups. Parallel analyses point to the effectiveness of using a relational/attachment model to inform strategies for gang prevention and intervention in female youth.
Experimental bound entanglement in a four-photon state
Creators: name: Lavoie, Jonathan
name: Kaltenbaek, Rainer
name: Piani, Marco
name: Resch, Kevin J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Entanglement [1, 2] enables powerful new quantum technologies [3-8], but in real-world implementations, entangled states are often subject to decoherence and preparation errors. Entanglement distillation [9, 10] can often counteract these effects by converting imperfectly entangled states into a smaller number of maximally entangled states. States that are entangled but cannot be distilled are called bound entangled [11]. Bound entanglement is central to many exciting theoretical results in quantum information processing [12-14], but has thus far not been experimentally realized. A recent claim for experimental bound entanglement is not supported by their data [15]. Here, we consider a family of four-qubit Smolin states [16], focusing on a regime where the bound entanglement is experimentally robust. We encode the state into the polarization of four photons and show that our state exhibits both entanglement and undistillability, the two defining properties of bound entanglement. We then use our state to implement entanglement unlocking, a key feature of Smolin states [16].
description: 10 pages, 6 figures. For a simultaneously submitted related work see arXiv:1005.1965
Static and dynamic contributions to anomalous chain dynamics in polymer blends
Creators: name: Bernabei, Marco
name: Moreno, Angel J.
name: Colmenero, Juan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: By means of computer simulations, we investigate the relaxation of the Rouse modes in a simple bead-spring model for non-entangled polymer blends. Two different models are used for the fast component, namely fully-flexible and semiflexible chains. The latter are semiflexible in the meaning that static intrachain correlations are strongly non-gaussian at all length scales. The dynamic asymmetry in the blend is strongly enhanced by decreasing temperature, inducing confinement effects on the fast component. The dynamics of the Rouse modes show very different trends for the two models of the fast component. For the fully-flexible case, the relaxation times exhibit a progressive deviation from Rouse scaling on increasing the dynamic asymmetry. This anomalous effect has a dynamic origin. It is not related to particular static features of the Rouse modes, which indeed are identical to those of the fully-flexible homopolymer, and are not modified by the dynamic asymmetry in the blend. On the contrary, in the semiflexible case the relaxation times exhibit approximately the same scaling behaviour as the amplitudes of the modes. This suggests that the origin of the anomalous dynamic scaling for semiflexible chains confined in the blend is esentially of static nature. We discuss implications of these observations for the applicability of theoretical approaches to chain dynamics in polymer blends.
description: 15 pages (single-column), 6 figures
An inverse norm sign test of location parameter for high-dimensional data
Creators: name: Feng, Long
name: Liu, Binghui
name: Ma, Yanyuan
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Ecology
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We consider the one sample location testing problem for high-dimensional data, where the data dimension is potentially much larger than the sample size. We devise a novel inverse norm sign test (INST) that is consistent and has much improved power than many existing popular tests. We further construct a general class of weighted spatial sign tests which includes these existing tests, and show that INST is the optimal member within this class, in that it is consistent and is uniformly more powerful than all other members. We establish the asymptotic null distribution and local power property of the class of tests rigorously. Extensive numerical experiments demonstrate the superiority of INST in terms of both efficiency and robustness.
Factorization of Difference Equations by Semiconjugacy with Application to Non-autonomous Linear Equations
Creators: name: Sedaghat, Hassan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 39A05

description: The existence of a semiconjugate relation permits the transformation of a higher order difference equation on a group into an equivalent triangular system of two difference equations of lower orders. Introducing time-dependent form symmetries in this paper enables us to identify the semiconjugate property in a larger set of non-autonomous difference equations than previously considered. We show that there is a substantial class of equations having this feature that includes the general (non-autonomous, non-homogeneous) linear equation with variable coefficients in an arbitrary algebraic field.
description: The general theory of semiconjugate factorization of non-autonomous higher order difference equations, 16 pages
A Model Theoretic Perspective on Matrix Rings
Creators: name: Klep, Igor
name: Tressl, Marcus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Logic (math.LO)
subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 03C10, 16R30, 16W22, 15A21

description: In this paper natural necessary and sufficient conditions for quantifier elimination of matrix rings $M_n(K)$ in the language of rings expanded by two unary functions, naming the trace and transposition, are identified. This is used together with invariant theory to prove quantifier elimination when $K$ is an intersection of real closed fields. On the other hand, it is shown that finding a natural \textit{definable} expansion with quantifier elimination of the theory of $M_n({\mathbb C})$ is closely related to the infamous simultaneous conjugacy problem in matrix theory. Finally, for various natural structures describing dimension-free matrices it is shown that no such elimination results can hold by establishing undecidability results.
description: 20 pages
The Anderson impurity model with a narrow-band host: from orbital physics to the Kondo effect
Creators: name: Schäfer, Steffen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A particle-hole symmetric Anderson impurity model with a metallic host of narrow bandwidth is studied within the framework of the local moment approach. The resultant single-particle spectra are compared to unrestricted Hartree-Fock, second order perturbation theory about the noninteracting limit, and Lanczos spectra by Hofstetter and Kehrein. Rather accurate analytical results explain the spectral evolution over almost the entire range of interactions. These encompass, in particular, a rationale for the four-peak structure observed in the low-energy sector of the Lanczos spectra in the moderate-coupling regime. In weak coupling, the spectral evolution is governed by orbital effects, while in the strong coupling Kondo limit, the model is shown to connect smoothly to the generic Anderson impurity with a flat and infinitely wide hybridization band.
description: 17 pages, 7 figures
Quantum Algorithms: Database Search and its Variations
Creators: name: Patel, Apoorva
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The driving force in the pursuit for quantum computation is the exciting possibility that quantum algorithms can be more efficient than their classical analogues. Research on the subject has unraveled several aspects of how that can happen. Clever quantum algorithms have been discovered in recent years, although not systematically, and the field remains under active investigation. This article is an introduction to the quantum database search algorithm. Its extension to the quantum spatial search algorithm is also described.
description: This is a pedagogical article. 12 pages