cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
EXTENSÃO RURAL, AGROECOLOGIA E INOVAÇÃO NA AGRICULTURA FAMILIAR DO VALE DO JEQUITINHONHA1
Creators: name: Noronha, Alini Fernanda Bicalho
name: Ribeiro, Eduardo Magalhaes
name: Augusto, Helder Dos Anjos
name: Noronha, Alini Fernanda Bicalho
name: Ribeiro, Eduardo Magalhaes
name: Augusto, Helder Dos Anjos
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Agricultural Finance
subject: Industrial Organization
subject: family agriculture
subject: agroecology
subject: rural organizations
subject: Jequitinhonha Valley
subject: rural extension

description: Agroforest systems (AFS) are agricultural techniques that combine woody arboreal species (fruit-bearing and/or wood producing) with agricultural production. AFSs have the capacity to make degraded areas productive, preserving at the same time natural resources and providing food, wood, firewood and diverse vegetable essences. Since 1994 the Centro de Agricultura alternativa Vicente Nica -CAV (Vicente Nica Alternative Agriculture Center) and a group of 32 farmers/experimentators practice and divulge AFS in the Alto Jequitinhonha area, trying to develop a conservationist production alternative. This article analyzes the effects of this experience on rural extension, investigating how the practice of AFS, the mobilization of rural communities and environmental education among farmers influence the rural populations and the organizations that act in the rural environment. To achieve this, the study tried to understand how the farmers not participant in AFS perceive the practice and how the mediating organizations in the rural environment of the Alto Jequitinhonha area evaluate these experiences developed on a CAV basis, analyzing the wide rebound of an extensionist action upon a territory marked by the hegemonic presence of family agriculture. A qualitative investigation approach was used, through interviews with semi-structured questionnaires. The results show that farmers and rural organizations know about and connect with the experiments in the area, creating a synergetic performance network in the fields. In this way, the environmental multiplier effect of an experience originally strictly related to productive aspects is perceived. Combining productive, social and environmental themes, the originally technical questions are transformed into a watershed of initiatives that retro-feed a chain of initiatives of socio-political consequences that surpass the predictability of an extensionist action.
The Knotty Question of the Jet of PKS B1421-490
Creators: name: Gelbord, J. M.
name: Marshall, H. L.
name: Worrall, D. M.
name: Birkinshaw, M.
name: Lovell, J. E. J.
name: Ojha, R.
name: Godfrey, L.
name: Schwartz, D. A.
name: Perlman, E. S.
name: Georganopoulos, M.
name: Murphy, D. W.
name: Jauncey, D. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the discovery of unusually strong optical and X-ray emission associated with a knot in the radio jet of PKS B1421-490. The knot is the brightest feature observed beyond the radio band, with knot/core flux ratios \~300 and 3.7 at optical and X-ray frequencies. We interpret the extreme optical output of the knot as synchrotron emission. The nature of the X-ray emission is unclear. We consider a second synchrotron component, inverse Compton emission from a relativistic, decelerating jet, and the possibility that this feature is a chance superposition of an unusual BL Lac object.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures. Accepted to Astrophysical Journal Letters. Related materials and a higher resolution version of figure 1 may be obtained from our quasar jet survey page at http://space.mit.edu/home/jonathan/jets/
The U(1)A anomaly in noncommutative SU(N) theories
Creators: name: Martin, C. P.
name: Tamarit, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We work out the one-loop $U(1)_A$ anomaly for noncommutative SU(N) gauge theories up to second order in the noncommutative parameter $θ^{μν}$. We set $θ^{0i}=0$ and conclude that there is no breaking of the classical $U(1)_A$ symmetry of the theory coming from the contributions that are either linear or quadratic in $θ^{μν}$. Of course, the ordinary anomalous contributions will be still with us. We also show that the one-loop conservation of the nonsinglet currents holds at least up to second order in $θ^{μν}$. We adapt our results to noncommutative gauge theories with SO(N) and U(1) gauge groups.
description: 50 pages, 5 figures in eps files. Some comments and references added
XMM-Newton Detection of Hot Gas in the Eskimo Nebula: Shocked Stellar Wind or Collimated Outflows?
Creators: name: Guerrero, M. A.
name: Chu, Y. -H.
name: Gruendl, R. A.
name: Meixner, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Eskimo Nebula (NGC 2392) is a double-shell planetary nebula (PN) known for the exceptionally large expansion velocity of its inner shell, ~90 km/s, and the existence of a fast bipolar outflow with a line-of-sight expansion velocity approaching 200 km/s. We have obtained XMM-Newton observations of the Eskimo and detected diffuse X-ray emission within its inner shell. The X-ray spectra suggest thin plasma emission with a temperature of ~2x10^6 K and an X-ray luminosity of L_X = (2.6+/-1.0)x10^31 (d/1150 pc)^2 ergs/s, where d is the distance in parsecs. The diffuse X-ray emission shows noticeably different spatial distributions between the 0.2-0.65 keV and 0.65-2.0 keV bands. High-resolution X-ray images of the Eskimo are needed to determine whether its diffuse X-ray emission originates from shocked fast wind or bipolar outflows.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures, accepted in Astronomy and Astrophysics Letters
Kinetic Theory of Random Graphs: from Paths to Cycles
Creators: name: Ben-Naim, E.
name: Krapivsky, P. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Structural properties of evolving random graphs are investigated. Treating linking as a dynamic aggregation process, rate equations for the distribution of node to node distances (paths) and of cycles are formulated and solved analytically. At the gelation point, the typical length of paths and cycles, l, scales with the component size k as l ~ k^{1/2}. Dynamic and finite-size scaling laws for the behavior at and near the gelation point are obtained. Finite-size scaling laws are verified using numerical simulations.
description: 11 pages, 10 figures
Long-lag, Wide-Pulse Gamma-Ray Bursts
Creators: name: Norris, J. P.
name: Bonnell, J. T.
name: Kazanas, D.
name: Scargle, J. D.
name: Hakkila, J.
name: Giblin, T. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Currently, the best available probe of the early phase of gamma-ray burst (GRB) jet attributes is the prompt gamma-ray emission, in which several intrinsic and extrinsic variables determine GRB pulse evolution. Bright, usually complex bursts have many narrow pulses that are difficult to model due to overlap. However, the relatively simple, long spectral lag, wide-pulse bursts may have simpler physics and are easier to model. In this work we analyze the temporal and spectral behavior of wide pulses in 24 long-lag bursts, using a pulse model with two shape parameters -- width and asymmetry -- and the Band spectral model with three shape parameters. We find that pulses in long-lag bursts are distinguished both temporally and spectrally from those in bright bursts: the pulses in long spectral lag bursts are few in number, and ~ 100 times wider (10s of seconds), have systematically lower peaks in nu*F(nu), harder low-energy spectra and softer high-energy spectra. We find that these five pulse descriptors are essentially uncorrelated for our long-lag sample, suggesting that at least five parameters are needed to model burst temporal and spectral behavior. However, pulse width is strongly correlated with spectral lag; hence these two parameters may be viewed as mutual surrogates. We infer that accurate formulations for estimating GRB luminosity and total energy will depend on several gamma-ray attributes, at least for long-lag bursts. The prevalence of long-lag bursts near the BATSE trigger threshold, their predominantly low nF(n) spectral peaks, and relatively steep upper power-law spectral indices indicate that Swift will detect many such bursts.
description: 57 pages, 26 figures, 6 tables. Accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal
The Structure of the Ladder Insertion-Elimination Lie algebra
Creators: name: Mencattini, Igor
name: Kreimer, Dirk
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 17B65; 17B70; 16W30; 81T18; 81T15

description: We continue our investigation into the insertion-elimination Lie algebra of Feynman graphs in the ladder case, emphasizing the structure of this Lie algebra relevant for future applications in the study of Dyson-Schwinger equations. We work out the relation of this Lie algebra to some classical infinite dimensional Lie algebra and we determine its cohomology.
description: 24 pages, LaTex, typos corrected
Gauge invariant counterparts and quantization of systems under holonomic constraints
Creators: name: Krivoruchenko, M. I.
name: Faessler, Amand
name: Raduta, A. A.
name: Fuchs, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Systems under holonomic constraints are classified within the generalized Hamiltonian framework as second-class constraints systems. We show that each system of point particles with holonomic constraints has a hidden gauge symmetry which allows to quantize it in the original phase space as a first-class constraints system. The proposed method is illustrated with quantization of a point particle moving on an $n-1$-dimensional sphere $S^{n-1}$ as well as its field theory analog the O(n) nonlinear sigma model.
description: 5 pages REVTeX, new references added
Supplementary information from The limits to parapatric speciation 3: Evolution of strong reproductive isolation in presence of gene flow despite limited ecological differentiation
Creators: name: Blanckaert, Alexandre
name: Bank, Claudia
name: Hermisson, Joachim
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Gene flow tends to impede the accumulation of genetic divergence. Here, we determine the limits for the evolution of postzygotic reproductive isolation in a model of two populations that are connected by gene flow. We consider two selective mechanisms for the creation and maintenance of a genetic barrier: local adaptation leads to divergence among incipient species due to selection against migrants, and Dobzhansky–Muller incompatibilities (DMIs) reinforce the genetic barrier through selection against hybrids. In particular, we are interested in the maximum strength of the barrier under a limited amount of local adaptation, a challenge that many incipient species may initially face. We first confirm that with classical two-locus DMIs, the maximum amount of local adaptation is indeed a limit to the strength of a genetic barrier. However, with three or more loci and cryptic epistasis, this limit holds no longer. In particular, we identify a minimal configuration of three epistatically interacting mutations that is sufficient to confer strong reproductive isolation.This article is part of the theme issue ‘Towards the completion of speciation: the evolution of reproductive isolation beyond the first barriers’.
Figure S3 from Ammonium is the preferred source of nitrogen for planktonic foraminifer and their dinoflagellate symbionts
Creators: name: LeKieffre, Charlotte
name: Spero, Howard J.
name: Fehrenbacher, Jennifer S.
name: Russell, Ann D.
name: Haojia Ren
name: Geslin, Emmanuelle
name: Meibom, Anders
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 40308 Palaeontology (incl. Palynology)
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences

description: The symbiotic planktonic foraminifera Orbulina universa inhabits open ocean oligotrophic ecosystems where dissolved nutrients are scarce and often limit biological productivity. It has previously been proposed that O. universa meets its nitrogen (N) requirements by preying on zooplankton, and that its symbiotic dinoflagellates recycle metabolic ‘waste ammonium’ for their N pool. However, these conclusions were derived from bulk 15N-enrichment experiments and model calculations, and our understanding of N assimilation and exchange between the foraminifer host cell and its symbiotic dinoflagellates remains poorly constrained. Here, we present data from pulse-chase experiments with 13C-enriched inorganic carbon, 15N-nitrate and 15N-ammonium, as well as a 13C- and 15N- enriched heterotrophic food source, followed by TEM coupled to NanoSIMS isotopic imaging to visualize and quantify C and N assimilation and translocation in the symbiotic system. High levels of 15N-labelling were observed in the dinoflagellates and in foraminiferal organelles and cytoplasm after incubation with 15N-ammonium, indicating efficient ammonium assimilation. Only weak 15N-assimilation was observed after incubation with 15N-nitrate. Feeding foraminifers with 13C- and 15N-labelled food resulted in dinoflagellates that were labelled with 15N, thereby confirming the transfer of 15N-compounds from the digestive vacuoles of the foraminifer to the symbiotic dinoflagellates, likely through recycling of ammonium. These observations are important for N isotope-based paleoceanographic reconstructions, as they show that δ15N values recorded in the organic matrix in symbiotic species likely reflect ammonium recycling rather than alternative N sources, such as nitrates.
Figure S5 from Ammonium is the preferred source of nitrogen for planktonic foraminifer and their dinoflagellate symbionts
Creators: name: LeKieffre, Charlotte
name: Spero, Howard J.
name: Fehrenbacher, Jennifer S.
name: Russell, Ann D.
name: Haojia Ren
name: Geslin, Emmanuelle
name: Meibom, Anders
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 40308 Palaeontology (incl. Palynology)
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences

description: The symbiotic planktonic foraminifera Orbulina universa inhabits open ocean oligotrophic ecosystems where dissolved nutrients are scarce and often limit biological productivity. It has previously been proposed that O. universa meets its nitrogen (N) requirements by preying on zooplankton, and that its symbiotic dinoflagellates recycle metabolic ‘waste ammonium’ for their N pool. However, these conclusions were derived from bulk 15N-enrichment experiments and model calculations, and our understanding of N assimilation and exchange between the foraminifer host cell and its symbiotic dinoflagellates remains poorly constrained. Here, we present data from pulse-chase experiments with 13C-enriched inorganic carbon, 15N-nitrate and 15N-ammonium, as well as a 13C- and 15N- enriched heterotrophic food source, followed by TEM coupled to NanoSIMS isotopic imaging to visualize and quantify C and N assimilation and translocation in the symbiotic system. High levels of 15N-labelling were observed in the dinoflagellates and in foraminiferal organelles and cytoplasm after incubation with 15N-ammonium, indicating efficient ammonium assimilation. Only weak 15N-assimilation was observed after incubation with 15N-nitrate. Feeding foraminifers with 13C- and 15N-labelled food resulted in dinoflagellates that were labelled with 15N, thereby confirming the transfer of 15N-compounds from the digestive vacuoles of the foraminifer to the symbiotic dinoflagellates, likely through recycling of ammonium. These observations are important for N isotope-based paleoceanographic reconstructions, as they show that δ15N values recorded in the organic matrix in symbiotic species likely reflect ammonium recycling rather than alternative N sources, such as nitrates.
Scattering of magnons at graphene quantum-Hall-magnet junctions
Creators: name: Wei, Nemin
name: Huang, Chunli
name: MacDonald, Allan H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Motivated by recent non-local transport studies of quantum-Hall-magnet (QHM) states formed in monolayer graphene's $N=0$ Landau level, we study the scattering of QHM magnons by gate-controlled junctions between states with different integer filling factors $ν$. For the $ν=1|-1|1$ geometry we find magnons are weakly scattered by electric potential variation in the junction region, and that the scattering is chiral when the junction lacks a mirror symmetry. For the $ν=1|0|1$ geometry, %in which the scattering region contains a $ν=0$ canted antiferromagnet, we find that kinematic constraints completely block magnon transmission if the incident angle exceeds a critical value. Our results explain the suppressed non-local-voltage signals observed in the $ν=1|0|1$ case. We use our theory to propose that valley-waves generated at $ν=-1|1$ junctions and magnons can be used in combination to probe the spin/valley flavor structure of QHM states at integer and fractional filling factors.
Crystallizations of compact 4-manifolds minimizing combinatorially defined PL-invariants
Creators: name: Casali, Maria Rita
name: Cristofori, Paola
name: Gagliardi, Carlo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 57Q15, 57N13, 57M15

description: The present paper is devoted to present a unifying survey about some special classes of crystallizations of compact PL $4$-manifolds with empty or connected boundary, called {\it semi-simple} and {\it weak semi-simple crystallizations}, with a particular attention to their properties of minimizing combinatorially defined PL-invariants, such as the {\it regular genus}, the {\it Gurau degree}, the {\it gem-complexity} and the {\it (gem-induced) trisection genus}. The main theorem, yielding a summarizing result on the topic, is an original contribution. Moreover, in the present paper the additivity of regular genus with respect to connected sum is proved to hold for all compact $4$-manifolds with empty or connected boundary which admit weak semi-simple crystallizations.
description: 21 pages, 11 figures, 2 tables. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1910.08777
Initial Results from the Palomar Adaptive Optics Survey of Young Solar-Type Stars: a Brown Dwarf and Three Stellar Companions
Creators: name: Metchev, Stanimir A.
name: Hillenbrand, Lynne A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present first results from the Palomar Adaptive Optics Survey of Young Stars conducted at the Hale 5 m telescope. Through direct imaging we have discovered a brown dwarf and two low-mass stellar companions to the young solar-type stars HD 49197, HD 129333 (EK Dra), and V522 Per, and confirmed a previously suspected companion to RX J0329.1+0118 (Sterzik et al. 1997), at respective separations of 0.95" (43 AU), 0.74" (25 AU), 2.09" (400 AU), and 3.78" (380 AU). Physical association of each binary system is established through common proper motion and/or low-resolution infrared spectroscopy. Based on the companion spectral types, we estimate their masses at 0.06, 0.20, 0.13, and 0.20 Msun, respectively. From analysis of our imaging data combined with archival radial velocity data, we find that the spatially resolved companion to HD 129333 is potentially identical to the previously identified spectroscopic companion to this star (Duquennoy & Mayor 1991). However, a discrepancy with the absolute magnitude suggests that the two companions could also be distinct, with the resolved one being the outermost component of a triple system. The brown dwarf HD 49197B is a new member of a growing list of directly imaged sub-stellar companions at 10-1000 AU separations from main sequence stars, indicating that such brown dwarfs may be more common than initially speculated.
description: 26 pages, 6 tables, 10 figures. ApJ accepted
The Critical Endpoint of Bootstrap and Lattice QCD Matter
Creators: name: Antoniou, N. G.
name: Diakonos, F. K.
name: Kapoyannis, A. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The critical sector of strong interactions at high temperatures is explored in the frame of two complementary approaches: Statistical Bootstrap for the hadronic phase and Lattice QCD for the Quark-Gluon partition function. A region of thermodynamic instability of hadronic matter was found, as a direct prediction of Statistical Bootstrap. As a result, critical endpoint solutions for nonzero chemical potential were traced in the phase diagram of strongly interacting matter. These solutions are compared with recent lattice QCD results and their proximity to the freeze-out points of experiments with nuclei at high energies is also discussed.
description: 23 pages, 8 figures
Dataset Condensation with Gradient Matching
Creators: name: Zhao, Bo
name: Mopuri, Konda Reddy
name: Bilen, Hakan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: As the state-of-the-art machine learning methods in many fields rely on larger datasets, storing datasets and training models on them become significantly more expensive. This paper proposes a training set synthesis technique for data-efficient learning, called Dataset Condensation, that learns to condense large dataset into a small set of informative synthetic samples for training deep neural networks from scratch. We formulate this goal as a gradient matching problem between the gradients of deep neural network weights that are trained on the original and our synthetic data. We rigorously evaluate its performance in several computer vision benchmarks and demonstrate that it significantly outperforms the state-of-the-art methods. Finally we explore the use of our method in continual learning and neural architecture search and report promising gains when limited memory and computations are available.
The Pleasures and Pitfalls of Interdisciplinary Research in Agriculture
Creators: name: Duffy, Patricia A.
name: Guertal, Elizabeth A.
name: Muntifering, Russell B.
name: Duffy, Patricia A.
name: Guertal, Elizabeth A.
name: Muntifering, Russell B.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
subject: Interdisciplinary research
subject: Agriculture
subject: Economics

description: Increasingly, interdisciplinary research is being touted as a way to solve real-life problems of interest to the taxpayers who support research at public universities. The purpose of this paper is to examine the benefits of interdisciplinary agricultural research involving economists and natural scientists, to discuss problems associated with carrying out this type of work and to offer some suggestions on how such research can be facilitated. Mutual trust and ongoing relationships can lead to better timing of collaboration and more satisfaction for all parties. Open communications are also important for success in collaboration. Within the border university environment, it is important for tenure and promotion committees to be able to properly evaluate interdisciplinary work; otherwise, faculty will not be properly rewarded for these efforts.
HE1327-2326, an unevolved star with [Fe/H]
Creators: name: Aoki, W.
name: Frebel, A.
name: Christlieb, N.
name: Norris, J. E.
name: Beers, T. C.
name: Minezaki, T.
name: Barklem, P. S.
name: Honda, S.
name: Takada-Hidai, M.
name: Asplund, M.
name: Ryan, S. G.
name: Tsangarides, S.
name: Eriksson, K.
name: Steinhauer, A.
name: Deliyannis, C. P.
name: Nomoto, K.
name: Fujimoto, M. Y.
name: Ando, H.
name: Yoshii, Y.
name: Kajino, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the elemental abundances of HE1327-2326, the most iron-deficient star known, determined from a comprehensive analysis of spectra obtained with the Subaru Telescope High Dispersion Spectrograph.
description: 53 pages, 14 figures, 10 tables, to appear in ApJ
Generalized Sachs Form Factors and the Possibility of Their Measurement in Processes without and with Proton Spin Flip
Creators: name: Galynskii, M. V.
name: Gerasimov, R. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The differential cross section for elastic electron proton scattering has been calculated taking into account the two photon exchange within the phenomenological description of the electromagnetic electron proton interactions. The calculation is based on the consistent evaluation of the matrix elements of the proton current in a diagonal spin basis, which makes it possible to naturally obtain expressions for the generalized Sachs form factors. A new method has been proposed to independently measure these form factors in the elastic $e \vec{p} \to e \vec{p}$ process in the case where the initial proton at rest is fully polarized along the direction of the motion of the final proton.
description: Published in: JETP Lett. 110 (2020) 10, 646-653, Pisma Zh.Eksp.Teor.Fiz. 110 (2019) 10, 645-651. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1910.05267
Zu den Autorinnen und Autoren
Creators: name: N.N.
Publisher: name: DWI-Jahrbuch – Diakoniewissenschaft in Forschung und Lehre
Year: 2023

description: DWI-Jahrbuch – Diakoniewissenschaft in Forschung und Lehre, Bd. 48: (2022/2023): Diakoniewissenschaft in Forschung und Lehre
Caiman crocodilus (Spectacled caiman). Opportunistic foraging
Creators: name: Grant, Paul B. C.
name: Lewis, Todd R.
name: LaDuke, Thomas C.
name: Ryall, Colin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Other Quantitative Biology (q-bio.OT)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: We document opportunistic foraging behavior by Caiman crocodilus in a post-inundation forest at Estacíon Biologíca Caño Palma, Costa Rica.
Gestão da qualidade na cadeia produtiva do amendoim1
Creators: name: Scalco, Andrea Rossi
name: Machado, Joao Guilherme De Camargo Ferraz
name: Scalco, Andrea Rossi
name: Machado, Joao Guilherme De Camargo Ferraz
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Agricultural Finance
subject: Industrial Organization
subject: product quality
subject: peanut production chain
subject: quality management

description: Competitiveness is linked to the consumer guarantee of a safe product that satisfies his/her necessities, as well as to the efficiency of the managing and operational practices which aim at reducing costs and losses in the whole chain. This work contributes by analyzing quality management aspects among the agents of a peanut production chain: producer, storage cooperative and the processing industries. The objective of the work is to highlight the strong and weak points in these practices and introduce the necessary measures to guarantee the safety of the product and more efficiency in reducing losses. It can be affirmed that there was a significant difference in terms quality management practices between the agents in the peanut production chain. Some measures were suggested to mitigate the flaws found, such as the adoption of incentive mechanisms like differential payment to the members of the cooperative and investments in rural production through financing by the Cooperative, so that the production chain can function in an integrated way.
Determining the Physical Properties of the B Stars II. Calibration of Synthetic Photometry
Creators: name: Fitzpatrick, E. L.
name: Massa, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a new calibration of optical (UBV, Stromgren, uvby-beta, and Geneva) and near IR (Johnson RIJHK and 2MASS) photometry for B and early A stars derived from Kurucz (1991) Atlas model atmospheres. Our sample of stars consists of 45 normal, nearby B and early A stars which have high quality, low resolution IUE spectra and accurate Hipparcos parallaxes. The calibration is unique because it relies only on the UV spectral energy distributions, the absolute flux calibration of the V filter and the Hipparcos distances to determine the appropriate model atmospheres for the program stars. These models are then used to calibrate the synthetic photometry. We compare our results with previous, well accepted results and provide a thorough discussion of the random errors and systematic effects affecting the calibration. In particular, we demonstrate the influence of vsini on surface gravities derived from fitting model atmospheres. Finally, we discuss some of our intended applications of this new calibration.
description: 56 pages, 11 Figures, electronic tables not included. To appear in AJ, March 2005
Research, Technology, and Farm Structure
Creators: name: Offutt, Susan E.
name: Offutt, Susan E.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
subject: Research
subject: Technology
subject: Farm size

description: Public debate about the relationships among research, technology, and farm size is often fueled by a particular hypothesis, that public sector research supports the development of scale-biased technologies that lead to fewer and larger farms. The evidence suggests that it is the private sector that dominated the development of concentrated on biological innovations, more likely to be scale neutral. Moreover, powerful, macroeconomic and social forces, not simply the availability of new technologies, have driven change in the number and size distribution of American farms. The complexity of the determinants of farm structure make it unlikely that public research can guarantee the development of technologies that, by themselves, result in the preservation of small farms.
Neuerscheinungen
Creators: name: N.N.
Publisher: name: DWI-Jahrbuch – Diakoniewissenschaft in Forschung und Lehre
Year: 2023

description: DWI-Jahrbuch – Diakoniewissenschaft in Forschung und Lehre, Bd. 48: (2022/2023): Diakoniewissenschaft in Forschung und Lehre
High-dimensional two-photon interference effects in spatial modes
Creators: name: Hiekkamäki, Markus
name: Fickler, Robert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Two-photon interference is a fundamental quantum optics effect with numerous applications in quantum information science. Here, we study two-photon interference in multiple transverse-spatial modes along a single beam-path. Besides implementing the analogue of the Hong-Ou-Mandel interference using a two-dimensional spatial-mode splitter, we extend the scheme to observe coalescence and anti-coalescence in different three and four-dimensional spatial-mode multiports. The operation within spatial modes, along a single beam-path, lifts the requirement for interferometric stability and opens up new pathways of implementing linear optical networks for complex quantum information tasks.
description: 14 pages, 12 figures
A Microservices Architecture for Distributed Complex Event Processing in Smart Cities
Creators: name: Scattone, Fernando Freire
name: Braghetto, Kelly Rosa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: Performance (cs.PF)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: A considerable volume of data is collected from sensors today and needs to be processed in real time. Complex Event Processing (CEP) is one of the most important techniques developed for this purpose. In CEP, each new sensor measurement is considered an event and new event types can be defined based on other events occurrence. There exists several open-source CEP implementations currently available, but all of them use orchestration to distribute event processing. This kind of architectural organization may harm system resilience, since it relies on a central core (i.e. the orchestrator). Any failures in the core might impact the whole system. Moreover, the core can become a bottleneck on system performance. In this work, a choreography-based microservices architecture is proposed for distributed CEP, in order to benefit from the low coupling and greater horizontal scalability this kind of architecture provides.
description: Published in: 2018 IEEE 37th International Symposium on Reliable Distributed Systems Workshops (SRDSW)
Table S1 from Ammonium is the preferred source of nitrogen for planktonic foraminifer and their dinoflagellate symbionts
Creators: name: LeKieffre, Charlotte
name: Spero, Howard J.
name: Fehrenbacher, Jennifer S.
name: Russell, Ann D.
name: Haojia Ren
name: Geslin, Emmanuelle
name: Meibom, Anders
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 40308 Palaeontology (incl. Palynology)
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences

description: The symbiotic planktonic foraminifera Orbulina universa inhabits open ocean oligotrophic ecosystems where dissolved nutrients are scarce and often limit biological productivity. It has previously been proposed that O. universa meets its nitrogen (N) requirements by preying on zooplankton, and that its symbiotic dinoflagellates recycle metabolic ‘waste ammonium’ for their N pool. However, these conclusions were derived from bulk 15N-enrichment experiments and model calculations, and our understanding of N assimilation and exchange between the foraminifer host cell and its symbiotic dinoflagellates remains poorly constrained. Here, we present data from pulse-chase experiments with 13C-enriched inorganic carbon, 15N-nitrate and 15N-ammonium, as well as a 13C- and 15N- enriched heterotrophic food source, followed by TEM coupled to NanoSIMS isotopic imaging to visualize and quantify C and N assimilation and translocation in the symbiotic system. High levels of 15N-labelling were observed in the dinoflagellates and in foraminiferal organelles and cytoplasm after incubation with 15N-ammonium, indicating efficient ammonium assimilation. Only weak 15N-assimilation was observed after incubation with 15N-nitrate. Feeding foraminifers with 13C- and 15N-labelled food resulted in dinoflagellates that were labelled with 15N, thereby confirming the transfer of 15N-compounds from the digestive vacuoles of the foraminifer to the symbiotic dinoflagellates, likely through recycling of ammonium. These observations are important for N isotope-based paleoceanographic reconstructions, as they show that δ15N values recorded in the organic matrix in symbiotic species likely reflect ammonium recycling rather than alternative N sources, such as nitrates.
Vortices, tunneling and deconfinement in bilayer excitonic quantum Hall superfluid
Creators: name: Wang, Ziqiang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The physics of vortices, instantons and deconfinement is studied for layered superfluids in connection to bilayer quantum Hall systems at filling fraction nu=1. We develop an effective gauge theory taking into account both vortices and instantons induced by interlayer tunneling. The renormalization group flow of the gauge charge and the instanton fugacity shows that the coupling of the gauge field to vortex matter produces a continuous transition between the confining phase of free instantons and condensed vortices and a deconfined gapless superfluid where magnetic charges are bound into dipoles. The interlayer tunneling conductance and the layer imbalance induced inhomogeneous exciton condensate are discussed in connection to experiments.
description: 4 revtex pages, added interlayer tunneling conductance, published version
Intertwined density waves in a metallic nickelate
Creators: name: Zhang, J.
name: Phelan, D.
name: Botana, A. S.
name: Chen, Y-S.
name: Zheng, H.
name: Krogstad, M.
name: Wang, S. G.
name: Qiu, Y.
name: Rodriguez-Rivera, J. A.
name: Osborn, R.
name: Rosenkranz, S.
name: Norman, M. R.
name: Mitchell, J. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Nickelates are a rich class of materials, ranging from insulating magnets to superconductors. But for stoichiometric materials, insulating behavior is the norm, as for most late transition metal oxides. Notable exceptions are the 3D perovskite LaNiO$_3$, an unconventional paramagnetic metal, and the layered Ruddlesden-Popper phases R$_4$Ni$_3$O$_{10}$, (R=La, Pr, Nd). The latter are particularly intriguing because they exhibit an unusual metal-to-metal transition. Here, we demonstrate that this transition results from an incommensurate density wave with both charge and magnetic character that lies intermediate in behavior between the metallic density wave seen in chromium metal and the insulating stripes typically found in layered nickelates. As such, R$_4$Ni$_3$O$_{10}$, which appears to be the first known example of an itinerant spin density wave in a 3d transition metal oxide, represents an important bridge between the paramagnetism of 3D metallic LaNiO$_3$ at higher nickel valence and the polaronic behavior of quasi-2D R$_{2-x}$Sr$_x$NiO$_4$ at lower nickel valence.
SACHRATQI - (CICHORIUM INTYBUS L.)  O'SIMLIGINING DORIVOR XUSUSIYATLARI
Creators: name: Xidirqulov, Elyor
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Hayotimizni o’simliklarsiz tasavvur eta olmaymiz. Turli-tuman o’simliklar orasida sachraqtiga dorivorlik xususiyati bilan ajralib turadi  va tibbiyotda o’ziga xos o’rniga ega.
Nachruf auf Susanne Krahe
Creators: name: Liedke, Ulf
Publisher: name: DWI-Jahrbuch – Diakoniewissenschaft in Forschung und Lehre
Year: 2023

description: DWI-Jahrbuch – Diakoniewissenschaft in Forschung und Lehre, Bd. 48: (2022/2023): Diakoniewissenschaft in Forschung und Lehre
Length scale competition in soliton bearing equations: A collective coordinate approach
Creators: name: Cuenda, Sara
name: Sanchez, Angel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We study the phenomenon of length scale competition, an instability of solitons and other coherent structures that takes place when their size is of the same order of some characteristic scale of the system in which they propagate. Working on the framework of nonlinear Klein-Gordon models as a paradigmatic example, we show that this instability can be understood by means of a collective coordinate approach in terms of soliton position and width. As a consequence, we provide a quantitative, natural explanation of the phenomenon in much simpler terms than any previous treatment of the problem. Our technique allows to study the existence of length scale competition in most soliton bearing nonlinear models and can be extended to coherent structures with more degrees of freedom, such as breathers.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures
Measurements of top-quark pair single- and double-differential cross-sections in the all-hadronic channel in $pp$ collisions at $\sqrt{s}=13~\mbox{TeV}$ using the ATLAS detector
Creators: name: ATLAS Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Differential cross-sections are measured for top-quark pair production in the all-hadronic decay mode, using proton$-$proton collision events collected by the ATLAS experiment in which all six decay jets are separately resolved. Absolute and normalised single- and double-differential cross-sections are measured at particle and parton level as a function of various kinematic variables. Emphasis is placed on well-measured observables in fully reconstructed final states, as well as on the study of correlations between the top-quark pair system and additional jet radiation identified in the event. The study is performed using data from proton$-$proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}=13~\mbox{TeV}$ collected by the ATLAS detector at CERN's Large Hadron Collider in 2015 and 2016, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of $\mbox{36.1 fb}^{-1}$. The rapidities of the individual top quarks and of the top-quark pair are well modelled by several independent event generators. Significant mismodelling is observed in the transverse momenta of the leading three jet emissions, while the leading top-quark transverse momentum and top-quark pair transverse momentum are both found to be incompatible with several theoretical predictions.
description: 79 pages in total, author list starting page 63, 24 figures, 18 tables, submitted to the Journal of High Energy Physics. All figures including auxiliary figures are available at http://atlas.web.cern.ch/Atlas/GROUPS/PHYSICS/PAPERS/TOPQ-2018-18
Dynamics of Social Diversity
Creators: name: Ben-Naim, E.
name: Redner, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce and solve analytically a model for the development of disparate social classes in a competitive population. Individuals advance their fitness by competing against those in lower classes, and in parallel, individuals decline due to inactivity. We find a phase transition from a homogeneous, single-class society to a hierarchical, multi-class society. In the latter case, a finite fraction of the population still belongs to the lower class, and the rest of the population is in the middle class, on top of which lies a tiny upper class. While the lower class is static and poor, the middle class is upwardly mobile.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures
Gleichstellung und Chancengleichheit der Geschlechter – mit Blick auf die Diakonie Deutschland
Creators: name: Wagner, David
Publisher: name: DWI-Jahrbuch – Diakoniewissenschaft in Forschung und Lehre
Year: 2023

description: DWI-Jahrbuch – Diakoniewissenschaft in Forschung und Lehre, Bd. 48: (2022/2023): Diakoniewissenschaft in Forschung und Lehre
Phospholipid excretion and metabolism and thiol status in cyctic fibrosis
Creators: name: Chen, Alice Ho-Wing
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Choline is an essential nutrient and is present in the diet predominantly (>90%) in phosphatidylcholine (PC). Large amounts of P C are also secreted into the intestine in bile. P C digestion and absorption requires pancreatic phospholipase A₂ (PLA₂) , which hydrolyzes PC to lysoPC and fatty acid. PLA₂ is inhibited at low intraluminal pH, which is common in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF). Choline deficiency results in hepatic steatosis, explained by the need for PC synthesis via the cytidine diphosphocholine pathway for secretion of triglyceride in very-low-density lipoprotein. In choline deficiency, the liver increases synthesis of PC via the phosphatidylethanolamine N-methylfransferase pathway in which methyl groups from methionine are transferred to phosphatidylethanolamine, forming P C and S-adenosylhomocysteine, which is then metabolized to homocysteine. Hepatic steatosis is common in patients with CF, but whether patients with CF malabsorb PC, which is a phospholipid (PL), is unknown. Current methods for fecal fat extraction extract triglyceride and fatty acid but do not quantitatively recover PL. This study aimed to establish a method for quantification of PL , PC and lysoPC excretion and to determine PL, PC and lysoPC excretion in children with CF and their associations with plasma thiols. This is a cross-sectional study of children with CF (n=18) and children without CF (n=8, control). All participants provided a venous blood sample, a 72h fecal sample and 5d food record. Fecal total fat and PL were recovered by sequential extraction with ethanol, ether, hexane, chloroform and methanol and were separated and quantified using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with evaporative light scattering detector. Plasma thiols and PL were analyzed using HPLC . Compared with the controls, children with CF had significantly lower fat absorption (mean±SEM) (86± 1.6%, 94+1.2%), and higher excretion of fat (12.9±1.7g/d, 3.9±0.7g/d), PL (139±20mg/d, 66±18mg/d), P C (39±11mg/d, 2.6±1.0mg/d) and lysoPC (57+8.1mg/d, 22±6.2mg/d), respectively. Fecal PL excretion was significantly related to plasma homocysteine (r=0.64) and methionine (r=-0.49). PL, PC and lysoPC excretion is higher in children with C F and is associated with lower plasma methionine and higher homocysteine. Altered choline metabolism may occur in CF and may be important to the hepatic complications.
Electronic Supplementary Information from Evolution of strong reproductive isolation in plants: broad-scale patterns and lessons from a perennial model group
Creators: name: Huiying Shang
name: Hess, Jaqueline
name: Pickup, Melinda
name: Field, David L.
name: Ingvarsson, Pär K.
name: Jianquan Liu
name: Lexer, Christian
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology

description: Supporting methods, figures, tables, and references
Quantifying the information impact of future searches for exoplanetary biosignatures
Creators: name: Balbi, Amedeo
name: Grimaldi, Claudio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: One of the major goals for astronomy in the next decades is the remote search for biosignatures (i.e.\ the spectroscopic evidence of biological activity) in exoplanets. Here, we adopt a Bayesian statistical framework to discuss the implications of such future searches, both in the case when life is detected, and when no definite evidence is found. We show that even a single detection of biosignatures in the vicinity of our stellar system, in a survey of similar size to what will be obtainable in the next two decades, would affect significantly our prior belief on the frequency of life in the universe, even starting from a neutral or pessimistic stance. In particular, after such discovery, an initially agnostic observer would be led to conclude that there are more than $10^5$ inhabited planets in the galaxy with a probability exceeding $95$\%. However, this conclusion would be somewhat weakened by the viability of transfer of biological material over interstellar distances, as in panspermia scenarios. Conversely, the lack of significant evidence of biosignatures would have little effect, leaving the assessment of the abundance of life in the galaxy still largely undetermined.
description: Published on PNAS