The wide-field, multiplexed, spectroscopic facility WEAVE: Survey design, overview, and simulated implementation
Creators: name: Jin, Shoko
name: Trager, Scott C.
name: Dalton, Gavin B.
name: Aguerri, J. Alfonso L.
name: Drew, J. E.
name: Falcón-Barroso, Jesús
name: Gänsicke, Boris T.
name: Hill, Vanessa
name: Iovino, Angela
name: Pieri, Matthew M.
name: Poggianti, Bianca M.
name: Smith, D. J. B.
name: Vallenari, Antonella
name: Abrams, Don Carlos
name: Aguado, David S.
name: Antoja, Teresa
name: Aragón-Salamanca, Alfonso
name: Ascasibar, Yago
name: Babusiaux, Carine
name: Balcells, Marc
name: Barrena, R.
name: Battaglia, Giuseppina
name: Belokurov, Vasily
name: Bensby, Thomas
name: Bonifacio, Piercarlo
name: Bragaglia, Angela
name: Carrasco, Esperanza
name: Carrera, Ricardo
name: Cornwell, Daniel J.
name: Domínguez-Palmero, Lilian
name: Duncan, Kenneth J.
name: Famaey, Benoit
name: Fariña, Cecilia
name: Gonzalez, Oscar A.
name: Guest, Steve
name: Hatch, Nina A.
name: Hess, Kelley M.
name: Hoskin, Matthew J.
name: Irwin, Mike
name: Knapen, Johan H.
name: Koposov, Sergey E.
name: Kuchner, Ulrike
name: Laigle, Clotilde
name: Lewis, Jim
name: Longhetti, Marcella
name: Lucatello, Sara
name: Méndez-Abreu, Jairo
name: Mercurio, Amata
name: Molaeinezhad, Alireza
name: Monguió, Maria
name: Morrison, Sean
name: Murphy, David N. A.
name: de Arriba, Luis Peralta
name: Pérez, Isabel
name: Pérez-Ràfols, Ignasi
name: Picó, Sergio
name: Raddi, Roberto
name: Romero-Gómez, Mercè
name: Royer, Frédéric
name: Siebert, Arnaud
name: Seabroke, George M.
name: Som, Debopam
name: Terrett, David
name: Thomas, Guillaume
name: Wesson, Roger
name: Worley, C. Clare
name: Alfaro, Emilio J.
name: Prieto, Carlos Allende
name: Alonso-Santiago, Javier
name: Amos, Nicholas J.
name: Ashley, Richard P.
name: Balaguer-Núñez, Lola
name: Balbinot, Eduardo
name: Bellazzini, Michele
name: Benn, Chris R.
name: Berlanas, Sara R.
name: Bernard, Edouard J.
name: Best, Philip
name: Bettoni, Daniela
name: Bianco, Andrea
name: Bishop, Georgia
name: Blomqvist, Michael
name: Boeche, Corrado
name: Bolzonella, Micol
name: Bonoli, Silvia
name: Bosma, Albert
name: Britavskiy, Nikolay
name: Busarello, Gianni
name: Caffau, Elisabetta
name: Cantat-Gaudin, Tristan
name: Castro-Ginard, Alfred
name: Couto, Guilherme
name: Carbajo-Hijarrubia, Juan
name: Carter, David
name: Casamiquela, Laia
name: Conrado, Ana M.
name: Corcho-Caballero, Pablo
name: Costantin, Luca
name: Deason, Alis
name: de Burgos, Abel
name: De Grandi, Sabrina
name: Di Matteo, Paola
name: Domínguez-Gómez, Jesús
name: Dorda, Ricardo
name: Drake, Alyssa
name: Dutta, Rajeshwari
name: Erkal, Denis
name: Feltzing, Sofia
name: Ferré-Mateu, Anna
name: Feuillet, Diane
name: Figueras, Francesca
name: Fossat, Matteo
name: Franciosin, Elena
name: Frasca, Antonio
name: Fumagalli, Michele
name: Gallazzi, Anna
name: García-Benito, Rubén
name: Fusillo, Nicola Gentile
name: Gebran, Marwan
name: Gilbert, James
name: Gledhill, T. M.
name: Delgado, Rosa M. González
name: Greimel, Robert
name: Guarcello, Mario Giuseppe
name: Guerra, Jose
name: Gullieuszik, Marco
name: Haines, Christopher P.
name: Hardcastle, Martin J.
name: Harris, Amy
name: Haywood, Misha
name: Helmi, Amina
name: Hernandez, Nauzet
name: Herrero, Artemio
name: Hughes, Sarah
name: Irsic, Vid
name: Jablonka, Pascale
name: Jarvis, Matt J.
name: Jordi, Carme
name: Kondapally, Rohit
name: Kordopatis, Georges
name: Krogager, Jens-Kristian
name: La Barbera, Francesco
name: Lam, Man I
name: Larsen, Søren S.
name: Lemasle, Bertrand
name: Lewis, Ian J.
name: Lhomé, Emilie
name: Lind, Karin
name: Lodi, Marcello
name: Longobardi, Alessia
name: Lonoce, Ilaria
name: Magrin, Laura
name: Apellániz, Jesús Maíz
name: Marchal, Olivier
name: Marco, Amparo
name: Martin, Nicolas F.
name: Matsuno, Tadafumi
name: Maurogordato, Sophie
name: Merluzzi, Paola
name: Miralda-Escudé, Jordi
name: Molinari, Emilio
name: Monari, Giacomo
name: Morelli, Lorenzo
name: Mottram, Christopher J.
name: Naylor, Tim
name: Negueruela, Ignacio
name: Oñorbe, Jose
name: Pancino, Elena
name: Peirani, Sébastien
name: Peletier, Reynier F.
name: Pozzetti, Lucia
name: Rainer, Monica
name: Ramos, Pau
name: Read, Shaun C.
name: Rossi, Elena Maria
name: Röttgering, Huub J. A.
name: Rubiño-Martín, Jose Alberto
name: Montes, Jose Sabater
name: Juan, José San
name: Sanna, Nicoletta
name: Schallig, Ellen
name: Schiavon, Ricardo P.
name: Schultheis, Mathias
name: Serra, Paolo
name: Shimwell, Timothy W.
name: Simón-Díaz, Sergio
name: Smith, Russell J.
name: Sordo, Rosanna
name: Sorini, Daniele
name: Soubiran, Caroline
name: Starkenburg, Else
name: Steele, Iain A.
name: Stott, John
name: Stuik, Remko
name: Tolstoy, Eline
name: Tortora, Crescenzo
name: Tsantaki, Maria
name: Van der Swaelmen, Mathieu
name: van Weeren, Reinout J.
name: Vergani, Daniela
name: Verheijen, Marc A. W.
name: Verro, Kristiina
name: Vink, Jorick S.
name: Vioque, Miguel
name: Walcher, C. Jakob
name: Walton, Nicholas A.
name: Wegg, Christopher
name: Weijmans, Anne-Marie
name: Williams, Wendy L.
name: Wilson, Andrew J.
name: Wright, Nicholas J.
name: Xylakis-Dornbusch, Theodora
name: Youakim, Kris
name: Zibetti, Stefano
name: Zurita, Cristina
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: WEAVE, the new wide-field, massively multiplexed spectroscopic survey facility for the William Herschel Telescope, will see first light in late 2022. WEAVE comprises a new 2-degree field-of-view prime-focus corrector system, a nearly 1000-multiplex fibre positioner, 20 individually deployable 'mini' integral field units (IFUs), and a single large IFU. These fibre systems feed a dual-beam spectrograph covering the wavelength range 366$-$959\,nm at $R\sim5000$, or two shorter ranges at $R\sim20\,000$. After summarising the design and implementation of WEAVE and its data systems, we present the organisation, science drivers and design of a five- to seven-year programme of eight individual surveys to: (i) study our Galaxy's origins by completing Gaia's phase-space information, providing metallicities to its limiting magnitude for $\sim$3 million stars and detailed abundances for $\sim1.5$ million brighter field and open-cluster stars; (ii) survey $\sim0.4$ million Galactic-plane OBA stars, young stellar objects and nearby gas to understand the evolution of young stars and their environments; (iii) perform an extensive spectral survey of white dwarfs; (iv) survey $\sim400$ neutral-hydrogen-selected galaxies with the IFUs; (v) study properties and kinematics of stellar populations and ionised gas in $z&lt;0.5$ cluster galaxies; (vi) survey stellar populations and kinematics in $\sim25\,000$ field galaxies at $0.3\lesssim z \lesssim 0.7$; (vii) study the cosmic evolution of accretion and star formation using $&gt;1$ million spectra of LOFAR-selected radio sources; (viii) trace structures using intergalactic/circumgalactic gas at $z&gt;2$. Finally, we describe the WEAVE Operational Rehearsals using the WEAVE Simulator.
description: 41 pages, 27 figures, accepted for publication by MNRAS; updated version including information on individual grants in a revised Acknowledgements section, corrections to the affiliation list, and an updated references list