cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Multidomain Galerkin-Collocation method: spherical collapse of scalar fields II
Creators: name: Alcoforado, M. A.
name: Aranha, R. F.
name: Barreto, W. O.
name: de Oliveira, H. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We follow the strategy initiated in Ref. [1] and proceed with the implementation of the Galerkin-Collocation domain decomposition (GCDD) applied to the dynamics of a spherical self-gravitating scalar field with the field equation in the Cauchy formulation. We have adopted the areal slicing gauge. We have presented a detailed implementation for an arbitrary number of subdomains and adopted the simplest form of the transmission conditions. Further, by an appropriated choice of the basis functions in the inner subdomain, we eliminated exactly the 1/r terms near the origin present in the field equations. The code is validated using two error measures: the conservation of the ADM mass and the Hamiltonian constraint that must be satisfied during the spacetime dynamics. In general, both error measures converge exponentially in all subdomains. As a useful illustration of placing more subdomains near the strong-field region, meaning an efficient concentrating of collocation points near the origin, we exhibited the formation of an apparent horizon even though the numerical integration diverges.
description: 15 pages, 11 figures. Final version to appear in Classical and Quantum Gravity
ПРАВОВАЯ БАЗА ФУНКЦИОНИРОВАНИЯ И СТРОИТЕЛЬСТВА ПРАВОСЛАВНЫХ ЦЕРКВЕЙ ЗАПАДНОГО КРАЯ РОССИЙСКОЙ ИМПЕРИИ
Creators: name: Иерей Димитрий Сергеевич Варламов
Publisher: name: Ипатьевский вестник
Year: 2020
Subjects: храмостроительство
программа
Министерство государственных имуществ

description: Православное храмостроительство имело определенное политичиское значение на территории современной Белоруссии, особое место в нем занимала программа создания типовых православных храмов, разработанная в министерстве государственных имуществ в конце 1850 годах. После Полоцкого церковного собора 1839 г. Министерство госимуществ занималось устройством бывших униатских церквей, обращенных в православные храмы. С 1845 г. эта работа, ранее осуществляемая совместно с духовным ведомством, была сосредоточена только вокруг Министерства. В соответствии с постановлением от 25 декабря 1841 г., в ведение Министерства были переданы все недвижимые имения западных губерний.
title:  La costituzione… aperta a tutti. a roma tre university project
Creators: name: Ruotolo, Marco
name: Caredda  , Marta
Publisher: name: Roma TrE-Press
Year: 2021

description: The present paper aims at reviewing the main innovations brought upon by the new regulation of the Italian class action, disciplined by Law no. 31 of 12 April 2019, also in relation to the problematic issues which had arisen in the precedent regulatory context.

Il presente lavoro si propone di rivedere le principali novità portate dalla nuova disciplina della class action italiana, disciplinata dalla Legge n. 31 del 12 aprile 2019, anche in relazione alle problematiche sorte nel precedente contesto normativo.
description: Roma Tre Law Review – 02/2020
DESY Business Letters - 2022 Edition
Creators: name: Wagner, Alexander
Publisher: name: Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, DESY, Hamburg
Year: 2022

description: The included ZIP holds an adoption of DESY 2022 corporate design for formal business letters build in LaTeX using KOMAscript. It is assumed, that documents are processed using `lualatex`, which is available in current editions of TeXLive. These days this is the default TeX installation on most Linux platforms, it is pre installed on all DESY Linux Workstations as well as in the DESY TeX setup for other platforms. The zip is meant to be self contained. For general usage, just copy the contents of the Letter/-folder to a new folder and just edit away there. Please follow the included README.md (plain text file) for more detailed instructions.**Note** the default font for DESY letters is `Arial`. On Linux you may need to install ttf-mscorefonts (non-free) manually.
ОСОБЕННОСТИ ПРЕПОДАВАНИЯ ДРЕВНЕГРЕЧЕСКОГО ЯЗЫКА В ДУХОВНОМ УЧЕБНОМ ЗАВЕДЕНИИ
Creators: name: Кириченко Арина Владимировна
Publisher: name: Ипатьевский вестник
Year: 2020
Subjects: Духовная академия
древнегреческий язык
преподавание древнегреческого языка

description: В статье рассматриваются некоторые аспекты преподавания древнегреческого языка в духовных учебных заведениях на примере Минской духовной академии: изложение материала в виде таблиц и схем; одновременное изучение морфологических и синтаксических тем; историко-культурологический и лингвистический комментарий.
The Las Campanas/AAT Rich Cluster Survey III: Spectroscopic Studies of X-ray Bright Galaxy Clusters at z~0.1
Creators: name: Pimbblet, Kevin A.
name: Smail, Ian
name: Edge, Alastair C.
name: O'Hely, Eileen
name: Couch, Warrick J.
name: Zabludoff, Ann I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: [abridged] We present the analysis of the spectroscopic and photometric catalogues of 11 X-ray luminous clusters at z=0.07-0.16 from the Las Campanas / Anglo-Australian Telescope Rich Cluster Survey. Our spectroscopic dataset consists of over 1600 galaxy cluster members, of which two thirds are outside r_200. We assign cluster membership using a detailed mass model and expand on our previous work on the cluster colour-magnitude relation where membership was inferred statistically. We confirm that the modal colours of galaxies on the colour magnitude relation become progressively bluer with increasing radius and decreasing local galaxy density. Interpreted as an age effect, we hypothesize that these trends in galaxy colour should be reflected in mean Hdelta equivalent width. We confirm that passive galaxies in the cluster increase in Hdelta line strength as dHdelta / d r_p = 0.35 +/- 0.06. A variation of star formation rate, as measured by [OII], with increasing local density of the environment is discernible and is shown to be in broad agreement with previous studies from 2dFGRS and SDSS. We find that clusters at z~0.1 are less active than their higher redshift analogues. We also investigate unusual populations of blue and very red nonstarforming galaxies and we suggest that the former are likely to be the progenitors of galaxies which will lie on the colour-magnitude relation, while the colours of the latter possibly reflect dust reddening. The cluster galaxies at large radii consist of both backsplash ones and those that are infalling to the cluster for the first time. We make a comparison to the field population at z~0.1 and examine broad differences between the two populations. Individually, the clusters show significant variation in their galaxy populations which reflects their recent infall histories.
description: 25 pages, 16 figures. Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Von Neumann entropy in a dispersive cavity
Creators: name: Deb, Ram Narayan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the von Neumann entropy of the partial trace of a system of two two-level atoms (qubits) in a dispersive cavity where the atoms are interacting collectively with a single mode electromagnetic field in the cavity. We make a contrast of this entanglement entropy with the spin squeezing property of the system. We find a close relationship between this von Neumann entropy and the spin squeezing of the system. We observe that this entanglement entropy attains its maximum value when the spin squeezing in the system goes to its maximum and is zero when the spin squeezing in the system vanishes.
description: 3 figures
Transport anomalies in a simplified model for a heavy electron quantum critical point
Creators: name: Coleman, P.
name: Marston, J. B.
name: Schofield, A. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the transport anomalies associated with the development of heavy electrons out of a neutral spin fluid using the large-N treatment of the Kondo-Heisenberg lattice model. At the phase transition in this model the spin excitations suddenly acquire charge. The Higgs process by which this takes place causes the constraint gauge field to loosely ``lock'' together with the external, electromagnetic gauge field. From this perspective, the heavy fermion phase is a Meissner phase in which the field representing the difference between the electromagnetic and constraint gauge field, is excluded from the material. We show that at the transition into the heavy fermion phase, both the linear and the Hall conductivity jump together. However, the Drude weight of the heavy electron fluid does not jump at the quantum critical point, but instead grows linearly with the distance from the quantum critical point, forming a kind of ``gossamer'' Fermi-liquid.
description: 15 pages, 3 figures. Small change in references in v2
Non-injective representations of a closed surface group into $PSL(2,\mathbb R)$
Creators: name: Funar, Louis
name: Wolff, Maxime
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 57M05, 22E40

description: Let $e$ denote the Euler class on the space $Hom(Γ_g, PSL(2,\mathbb R))$ of representations of the fundamental group $Γ_g$ of the closed surface $Σ_g$ of genus $g$. Goldman showed that the connected components of $Hom(Γ_g, PSL(2,\mathbb R))$ are precisely the inverse images $e^{-1}(k)$, for $2-2g\leq k\leq 2g-2$, and that the components of Euler class $2-2g$ and $2g-2$ consist of the injective representations whose image is a discrete subgroup of $PSL(2,\mathbb R)$. We prove that non-faithful representations are dense in all the other components. We show that the image of a discrete representation essentially determines its Euler class. Moreover, we show that for every genus and possible corresponding Euler class, there exist discrete representations.
description: 15 pages, 2 figures
title:  The role of the university and legal information in guaranteeing the rights of prisoners: the fundamental relationship between training and practice
Creators: name: Di Cecca, Dario
name: Talini  , Silvia
Publisher: name: Roma TrE-Press
Year: 2021

description: The paper describes the activities of The Department of Law of the University of «Roma Tre» in the field of guaranteeing the rights of prisoners. All different activities have common objectives: reflecting on the problems of criminal execution paying particular attention to the compatibility between prison legislation and constitutional principles, participating concretely in guaranteeing prisoners’ rights and, more widely, to promote a different culture of punishment. These are complex objectives that can only be achieved through a constant comparison between theory and practice.

Il contributo descrive le attività promosse dal Dipartimento di Giurisprudenza dell’Università degli Studi di «Roma Tre» nel settore della garanzia dei diritti dei detenuti. Le diverse attività, pur molto diverse tra loro, si propongono obiettivi comuni: riflettere sulle problematiche dell’esecuzione penale ponendo particolare attenzione alla compatibilità del dato normativo rispetto ai principi costituzionali, partecipare concretamente alla garanzia dei diritti dei detenuti e, più ampiamente, promuovere una diversa cultura delle pene. Si tratta di obiettivi complessi perseguibili unicamente attraverso il costante dialogo tra teoria e pratica.
description: Roma Tre Law Review – 02/2020
Semantic Indexes for Machine Learning-based Queries over Unstructured Data
Creators: name: Kang, Daniel
name: Guibas, John
name: Bailis, Peter
name: Hashimoto, Tatsunori
name: Zaharia, Matei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Databases (cs.DB)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Unstructured data (e.g., video or text) is now commonly queried by using computationally expensive deep neural networks or human labelers to produce structured information, e.g., object types and positions in video. To accelerate queries, many recent systems (e.g., BlazeIt, NoScope, Tahoma, SUPG, etc.) train a query-specific proxy model to approximate a large target labelers (i.e., these expensive neural networks or human labelers). These models return proxy scores that are then used in query processing algorithms. Unfortunately, proxy models usually have to be trained per query and require large amounts of annotations from the target labelers. In this work, we develop an index (trainable semantic index, TASTI) that simultaneously removes the need for per-query proxies and is more efficient to construct than prior indexes. TASTI accomplishes this by leveraging semantic similarity across records in a given dataset. Specifically, it produces embeddings for each record such that records with close embeddings have similar target labeler outputs. TASTI then generates high-quality proxy scores via embeddings without needing to train a per-query proxy. These scores can be used in existing proxy-based query processing algorithms (e.g., for aggregation, selection, etc.). We theoretically analyze TASTI and show that a low embedding training error guarantees downstream query accuracy for a natural class of queries. We evaluate TASTI on five video, text, and speech datasets, and three query types. We show that TASTI's indexes can be 10$\times$ less expensive to construct than generating annotations for current proxy-based methods, and accelerate queries by up to 24$\times$.
THE OPTIMAL LENGTH OF AN AGRICULTURAL CARBON CONTRACT
Creators: name: Gulati, Sumeet
name: Vercammen, James
name: Gulati, Sumeet
name: Vercammen, James
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: Environmental Economics and Policy

description: In this paper we present the economic determinants of the optimal length of a carbon offset contract. We find that because of a declining capacity of the soil to sequester carbon, the optimal length of the carbon contract is finite (the marginal benefit of remaining in the contract is declining over time, whereas marginal opportunity cost is rising). We also explore the effect of varying key parameter values on the optimal length in the contract. If the contract requires the farmer to sequester at a higher rate, the farmer chooses the contract for a shorter length of time, and this may decrease rather than increase social welfare. If society places a higher value on carbon accumulation, the contract is chosen for a longer length of time. Finally, if both the farmer and society have a higher discount rate, the model provides a somewhat surprising result. The overall time in the contract, and benefits from carbon accumulation are higher when the common discount rate is higher.
PRODUCT QUALITY IN THE CANADIAN DAIRY INDUSTRY
Creators: name: Nogueira, Lia
name: Baylis, Katherine R.
name: Nogueira, Lia
name: Baylis, Katherine R.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2004
Subjects: Industrial Organization

description: Supply management has been shown to increase the price of milk. Technological change has induced (and allowed) processors to substitute alternative inputs, many of which can be imported tariff-free, for the traditional ingredients to lower costs and maximize profit. Meanwhile, there has been a great deal of consolidation in the dairy processing industry. We analyse the effect of these trends on cheese quality by measuring the increase in casein imports. Results suggest that supply management is negatively affecting cheese quality, by increasing casein imports due to the higher milk price. Furthermore, we were able to calculate that approximately 9.8% of specialty cheese is produced used casein. A 22% ad valorem tariff is needed to drive casein imports down to zero.
ВОЗРОЖДЕНИЕ ДУХОВНОГО ОБРАЗОВАНИЯ НА КОСТРОМСКОЙ ЗЕМЛЕ: ПЕРВЫЕ ДВАДЦАТЬ ЛЕТ (1990–2010 гг.)
Creators: name: Жигалов Михаил Иванович
Publisher: name: Ипатьевский вестник
Year: 2020
Subjects: Костромское духовное училище
Костромская духовная семинария
пастырское отделение
регентское отделение
учебный процесс
научная деятельность

description: В статье описан новейший период истории развития Костромской духовной школы: от училища до семинарии. Этот этап главным образом связан с именами митрополита Александра (Могилева) и архимандрита Геннадия (Гоголева), которые отдали много сил для возрождения духовного образования на Костромской земле. При подготовке статьи использованы материалы книги «Костромская духовная семинария. Историческая энциклопедия» и архивов Костромского епархиального управления и Костромской духовной семинарии, некоторые из которых публикуются впервые.
A Survey of General Knowledge, Attitude and Beliefs Related to Cigarette Smoking by Ubon Ratchathani University Students
Creators: name: Kritsanin Pongpit
Publisher: name: Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences KKU MSU UBU
Year: 2011
Subjects: Cigarette Smoking, Attitude. Belief, Smoking Behavior, Quit Smoking Cessation

description: Isan Journal ofPharmaceutical Sciences, 7, 2, 40-50
Ab initio Ultrafast Spin Dynamics in Solids
Creators: name: Xu, Junqing
name: Habib, Adela
name: Sundararaman, Ravishankar
name: Ping, Yuan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Spin relaxation and decoherence is at the heart of spintronics and spin-based quantum information science. Currently, theoretical approaches that can accurately predict spin relaxation of general solids including necessary scattering pathways and capable for ns to ms simulation time are urgently needed. We present a first-principles real-time density-matrix approach based on Lindblad dynamics to simulate ultrafast spin dynamics for general solid-state systems. Through the complete first-principles descriptions of pump, probe and scattering processes including electron-phonon, electron-impurity and electron-electron scatterings with self-consistent electronic spin-orbit couplings, our method can directly simulate the ultrafast pump-probe measurements for coupled spin and electron dynamics over ns at any temperatures and doping levels. We first apply this method to a prototypical system GaAs and obtain excellent agreement with experiments. We find that the relative contributions of different scattering mechanisms and phonon modes differ considerably between spin and carrier relaxation processes. In sharp contrast to previous work based on model Hamiltonians, we point out that the electron-electron scattering is negligible at room temperature but becomes dominant at low temperatures for spin relaxation in n-type GaAs. We further examine ultrafast dynamics in novel spin-valleytronic materials - monolayer and bilayer WSe2 with realistic defects. We find that spin relaxation is highly sensitive to local symmetry and chemical bonds around defects. Our work provides a predictive computational platform for spin dynamics in solids, which has unprecedented potentials for designing new materials ideal for spintronics and quantum information technology.
description: 10 pages, 8 figures
Orbital magnetic moments in pure and doped carbon nanotubes
Creators: name: Marganska, Magdalena
name: Szopa, Marek
name: Zipper, Elzbieta
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The unusual band structure of carbon nanotubes (CNs) results in their remarkable magnetic properties. The application of magnetic field parallel to the tube axis can change the conducting properties of the CN from metallic to semiconducting and vice versa. Apart from that B induces (via the Bohm-Aharonov effect) orbital magnetic moments $μ_{orb}$ in the nanotube. These moments are studied both in pure and hole- or electron-doped CNs, isolated or in a circuit. Remarkably, $μ_{orb}$ in pure CNs depends uniquely on their original conducting properties, length, and temperature, but it does not depend on the nanotube radius or the particular chirality. In doped nanotubes the magnetic moments can be strongly altered and depend on the radius and chirality.Temperature can even change their character from diamagnetic at low T to paramagnetic at high T. A full electron-hole symmetry in doped tubes is also revealed.
description: 10 pages, 11 figures, submitted to Phys. Rev. B
Work Study of Pharmacist working at Dispensing Unit, Somdejprasrinagarind Building, Srinagarind Hospital
Creators: name: Ratchadaporn Soontornpas
Publisher: name: Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences KKU MSU UBU
Year: 2011
Subjects: Work study

description: Isan Journal ofPharmaceutical Sciences, 7, 2, 51-59
Understanding epistemic development : parsing knowledge by epistemic content
Creators: name: Hallett, Darcy Dwaine
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Over the past three decades, research into the developmental course by means of which persons come to an increasingly mature conception of the knowing process has yielded a partially converging picture. What is generally agreed is that this epistemic course typically begins with something like a naive realism, according to which knowledge is understood as simply absorbed through the senses, or simply a matter of getting the facts straight. Gradually, people come to question this black-and-white view of the world, sometimes qualifying their belief in right and wrong, sometimes purporting that one cannot be certain about anything. Eventually, though, many or most move toward a more rationalistic stand where, while absolute certainty is seen to be an impossibility, some things can be reasonably thought to be true and some arguments can be said to be better supported than others. Despite broad agreement about this general bill of particulars, what nevertheless remains deeply confusing is just how much radical disagreement actually exists regarding the ages at which this course of epistemic development is said to occur. Some describe this development as an accomplishment of university undergraduates or even older adults while others have found evidence for these same developmental accomplishments during adolescence and even the middle school years. Furthermore, abilities ascribed to 4- or 7-year-old children by certain investigators of children's "theory of mind" bear a striking resemblance to abilities described by classic research in epistemic development. In order to make sense o f this confusion, it is proposed that epistemic development is not a 'one-miracle' affair in which individuals simultaneously come to grips with the prospect of relativity in all possible domains of knowledge. Instead, it is argued to be a process that applies itself progressively to knowledge located further and further along a proposed 'fact of the matter' continuum. By conceiving of different types of knowledge as lying along this continuum, I hypothesize that people will begin to think relativistically about 'institutional' facts (which lie in the middle of the continuum) before they do so for 'brute' facts (seen as at the extreme end of the continuum). The Epistemic Doubt Questionnaire was administered to 242 participants ranging from high school students to 4t h year undergraduates. Hierarchical and K-means cluster analyses result in theoretically consistent clusters and ANOVA's show development from high school to late university, demonstrating good construct validity for the EDQ. Results strongly support the hypothesis that knowledge of different epistemic content are treated differently, with matters of'brute' fact evidencing later epistemic development than matters of 'institutional' fact. These results suggest several potentially promising avenues for future research.
Weakly measured while loops: peeking at quantum states
Creators: name: Andrés-Martínez, Pablo
name: Heunen, Chris
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A while loop tests a termination condition on every iteration. On a quantum computer, such measurements perturb the evolution of the algorithm. We define a while loop primitive using weak measurements, offering a trade-off between the perturbation caused and the amount of information gained per iteration. This trade-off is adjusted with a parameter set by the programmer. We provide sufficient conditions that let us determine, with arbitrarily high probability, a worst-case estimate of the number of iterations the loop will run for. As an example, we solve Grover's search problem using a while loop and prove the quadratic quantum speed-up is maintained.
description: Accepted in Quantum Sci. Technol. 17 pages (+refs & one appendix), 4 figures
Generalized dual symmetry of nonabelian theories and the freezing of α_s
Creators: name: Das, C. R.
name: Laperashvili, L. V.
name: Nielsen, H. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The quantum Yang-Mills theory, describing a system of fields with non-dual (chromo-electric g) and dual (chromo-magnetic \tilde g) charges and revealing the generalized dual symmetry, is developed by analogy with the Zwanziger formalism in QED. The renormalization group equations (RGEs) for pure nonabelian theories are analysed for both constants, α= g^2 / 4πand \tildeα= {\tilde g}^2 / 4π. The pure SU(3) \times \widetilde{SU(3)} gauge theory is investigated as an example. We consider not only monopoles, but also dyons. The behaviour of the total SU(3) β-function is investigated in the whole region of α\equiv α_s: 0 \le α< \infty. It is shown that this β-function is antisymmetric under the interchange α\longleftrightarrow 1/αand is given by the well-known perturbative expansion not only for α\ll 1, but also for α\gg 1. Using an idea of the Maximal Abelian Projection by t' Hooft, we considered the formation of strings - the ANO flux tubes - in the Higgs model of scalar monopole (or dyon) fields. In this model we have constructed the behaviour of the β-function in the vicinity of the point α= 1, where it acquires a zero value. Considering the phase transition points at α\approx 0.4 and α\approx 2.5, we give the explanation of the freezing of α_s. The evolution of α_s^{-1}(μ) and the behaviour of V_{eff}(μ) are investigated for both, perturbative and non-perturbative regions of QCD. It was shown that the effective potential has a minimum, ensured by the dual sector of QCD. The gluon condensate F^2_0, corresponding to this minimum, is predicted: F^2_0 \approx 0.15 GeV^4, in agreement with the well-known results.
description: 39 pages, 10 figures
Anti-self-dual conformal structures with null Killing vectors from projective structures
Creators: name: Dunajski, Maciej
name: West, Simon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using twistor methods, we explicitly construct all local forms of four--dimensional real analytic neutral signature anti--self--dual conformal structures $(M,[g])$ with a null conformal Killing vector. We show that $M$ is foliated by anti-self-dual null surfaces, and the two-dimensional leaf space inherits a natural projective structure. The twistor space of this projective structure is the quotient of the twistor space of $(M,[g])$ by the group action induced by the conformal Killing vector. We obtain a local classification which branches according to whether or not the conformal Killing vector is hyper-surface orthogonal in $(M, [g])$. We give examples of conformal classes which contain Ricci--flat metrics on compact complex surfaces and discuss other conformal classes with no Ricci--flat metrics.
description: 43 pages, 4 figures. Theorem 2 has been improved: ASD metrics are given in terms of general projective structures without needing to choose special representatives of the projective connection. More examples (primary Kodaira surface, neutral Fefferman structure) have been included. Algebraic type of the Weyl tensor has been clarified. Final version, to appear in Commun Math Phys
A STOCHASTIC DYNAMIC PROGRAMMING MODEL OF DIRECT SUBSIDY PAYMENTS AND AGRICULTURAL INVESTMENT
Creators: name: Vercammen, James
name: Vercammen, James
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
Agricultural Finance
International Development

description: A stochastic dynamic programming model is used to compare the farmland investment impact of a fully decoupled direct payment and a standard price subsidy. The direct payment induces the farmer to invest because it lowers the farm's debt to asset ratio, which in turn reduces the probability of bankruptcy. The value of the real option to defer the investment decision is lower with a lower risk of bankruptcy, and thus the direct payment results in a higher probability of immediate investment. Simulation results demonstrate that for a farm facing moderate revenue and land price variability, the impact of a decoupled direct payment on farm investment is nearly as large as the investment impact of an equal-sized price subsidy. These results suggest that direct payments, such as those associated with U.S. production flexibility contracts, should be carefully scrutinized in on-going multilateral trade negotiations.
Structural and Financial Characteristics of U.S. Farms, 1994: 19th Annual Family Farm Report to the Congress
Creators: name: Sommer, Judith E.
name: Banker, David E.
name: Green, Robert C.
name: Kalbacher, Judith Z.
name: Peterson, Neal R.
name: Sun, Theresa Y.
name: Sommer, Judith E.
name: Banker, David E.
name: Green, Robert C.
name: Kalbacher, Judith Z.
name: Peterson, Neal R.
name: Sun, Theresa Y.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: Farm Management
subject: Financial Economics
subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: Farm structure
subject: farm income
subject: financial performance
subject: farm management
subject: farm business
subject: farm operator household
subject: family farm
subject: farm spouse
subject: farm women

description: National average statistics related to farm production mask the diversity in the Nation's 2 million farms and the people who operate them. Farms in the United States differ not only by size (sales and acres) and type of production, but also by organizational characteristics (land ownership, legal organization, contracting arrangements) and financial characteristics (debt, assets, income, expenditures). Farm operators and their households vary with respect to demographic characteristics (occupation, age, education), financial characteristics (dependence on farm income, operator/spouse labor allocation), and management characteristics (information sources, business goals). Using information from USDA's 1994 Farm Costs and Returns Survey, this report brings together all these facets of farming to more fully describe these participants in agricultural production.
The spine of a Fourier-Stieltjes algebra
Creators: name: Ilie, Monica
name: Spronk, Nico
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 43A30; 43A60, 43A07, 46L07, 22B05

description: We define the spine A*(G) of the Fourier-Stieltjes algebra B(G) of a locally compact group G. A*(G) is graded over a certain semi-lattice, that of non-quotient locally precompact topologies on G. We compute the spine's spectrum G*, which admits a semi-group structure. We discuss homomorphisms from A*(G) to B(H) where H is another locally compact group; and we show that A*(G) contains the image of every completely bounded homomorphism from the Fourier algebra A(H) of any amenable group H. We also show that A*(G) contains all of the idempotents in B(G). Finally, we compute examples for vector groups, abelian lattices, minimally almost periodic groups and the ax+b-group; and we explore the complexity of A*(G) for the discrete rational numbers and free groups.
description: 33 pages, a few typos corrected
Topological order and criticality in (2+1)D monitored random quantum circuits
Creators: name: Lavasani, Ali
name: Alavirad, Yahya
name: Barkeshli, Maissam
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It has recently been discovered that random quantum circuits provide an avenue to realize rich entanglement phase diagrams, which are hidden to standard expectation values of operators. Here we study (2+1)D random circuits with random Clifford unitary gates and measurements designed to stabilize trivial area law and topologically ordered phases. With competing single qubit Pauli-Z and toric code stabilizer measurements, in addition to random Clifford unitaries, we find a phase diagram involving a tricritical point that maps to (2+1)D percolation, a possibly stable critical phase, topologically ordered, trivial, and volume law phases, and lines of critical points separating them. With Pauli-Y single qubit measurements instead, we find an anisotropic self-dual tricritical point, with dynamical exponent $z \approx 1.46$, exhibiting logarithmic violation of the area law and an anomalous exponent for the topological entanglement entropy, which thus appears distinct from any known percolation fixed point. The phase diagram also hosts a measurement-induced volume law entangled phase in the absence of unitary dynamics.
description: published version
STEllar Content and Kinematics from high resolution galactic spectra via Maximum A Posteriori
Creators: name: Ocvirk, P.
name: Pichon, C.
name: Lancon, A.
name: Thiebaut, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce STECKMAP (STEllar Content and Kinematics via Maximum A Posteriori), a method to recover the kinematical properties of a galaxy simultaneously with its stellar content from integrated light spectra. It is an extension of STECMAP (astro-ph/0505209) to the general case where the velocity distribution of the underlying stars is also unknown. %and can be used as is for the analysis of large sets of data. The reconstructions of the stellar age distribution, the age-metallicity relation, and the Line-Of-Sight Velocity Distribution (LOSVD) are all non-parametric, i.e. no specific shape is assumed. The only a propri we use are positivity and the requirement that the solution is smooth enough. The smoothness parameter can be set by GCV according to the level of noise in the data in order to avoid overinterpretation. We use single stellar populations (SSP) from PEGASE-HR (R=10000, lambda lambda = 4000-6800 Angstrom, Le Borgne et al. 2004) to test the method through realistic simulations. Non-Gaussianities in LOSVDs are reliably recovered with SNR as low as 20 per 0.2 Angstrom pixel. It turns out that the recovery of the stellar content is not degraded by the simultaneous recovery of the kinematic distribution, so that the resolution in age and error estimates given in Ocvirk et al. 2005 remain appropriate when used with STECKMAP. We also explore the case of age-dependent kinematics (i.e. when each stellar component has its own LOSVD). We separate the bulge and disk components of an idealized simplified spiral galaxy in integrated light from high quality pseudo data (SNR=100 per pixel, R=10000), and constrain the kinematics (mean projected velocity, projected velocity dispersion) and age of both components.
description: 12 pages, 6 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Efficient Optimization Methods for Extreme Similarity Learning with Nonlinear Embeddings
Creators: name: Yuan, Bowen
name: Li, Yu-Sheng
name: Quan, Pengrui
name: Lin, Chih-Jen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We study the problem of learning similarity by using nonlinear embedding models (e.g., neural networks) from all possible pairs. This problem is well-known for its difficulty of training with the extreme number of pairs. For the special case of using linear embeddings, many studies have addressed this issue of handling all pairs by considering certain loss functions and developing efficient optimization algorithms. This paper aims to extend results for general nonlinear embeddings. First, we finish detailed derivations and provide clean formulations for efficiently calculating some building blocks of optimization algorithms such as function, gradient evaluation, and Hessian-vector product. The result enables the use of many optimization methods for extreme similarity learning with nonlinear embeddings. Second, we study some optimization methods in detail. Due to the use of nonlinear embeddings, implementation issues different from linear cases are addressed. In the end, some methods are shown to be highly efficient for extreme similarity learning with nonlinear embeddings.
description: Published as a conference paper at KDD 2021
Cluster size distribution of infection in a system of mobile agents
Creators: name: Gonzalez, M. C.
name: Herrmann, H. J.
name: Araujo, A. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Clusters of infected individuals are defined on data from health laboratories, but this quantity has not been defined and characterized by epidemy models on statistical physics. For a system of mobile agents we simulate a model of infection without immunization and show that all the moments of the cluster size distribution at the critical rate of infection are characterized by only one exponent, which is the same exponent that determines the behavior of the total number of infected agents. No giant cluster survives independent on the magnitude of the rate of infection.
description: preprint for Physica A, proceedings of Medyfinol in La Serena
THE EFFECT OF FREE TRADE ON POLLUTION POLICY AND WELFARE
Creators: name: Gulati, Sumeet
name: Gulati, Sumeet
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: Environmental Economics and Policy
International Relations/Trade

description: In this paper I consider a small economy facing accession to a trade agreement. Before accession the government has control over trade and environmental policy. After accession it retains control over environmental policy but has to allow free trade. Through the analysis I highlight an effect of free trade neglected in the literature so far. Adoption of free trade shifts the economic incidence of pollution tax from consumers onto producers of the polluting good. Under fairly plausible conditions, this change in incidence can reduce the distortion in pollution tax. Even though the choice of accession is influenced by special interest groups, I find that accession can be accompanied by an improvement in pollution policy and an increase in aggregate welfare.
Recovering affine curves over finite fields from $L$-functions
Creators: name: Booher, Jeremy
name: Voloch, José Felipe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11G20

description: Let $K$ be the function field of a curve over a finite field of odd characteristic. We investigate using $L$-functions of Galois extensions of $K$ to effectively recover $K$. When $K$ is the function field of the projective line with four rational points removed, we show how to use $L$-functions of a ray class field to effectively recover the removed points up to automorphisms of the projective line. When $K$ is the function field of a plane curve, we show how to effectively recover the equation of that curve using $L$-functions of Artin-Schreier extensions of $K$.
description: 23 pages; comments welcome
Search for dark matter produced in association with a single top quark in $\sqrt{s}=13$ TeV $pp$ collisions with the ATLAS detector
Creators: name: ATLAS Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper presents a search for dark matter in the context of a two-Higgs-doublet model together with an additional pseudoscalar mediator, $a$, which decays into the dark-matter particles. Processes where the pseudoscalar mediator is produced in association with a single top quark in the 2HDM+$a$ model are explored for the first time at the LHC. Several final states which include either one or two charged leptons (electrons or muons) and a significant amount of missing transverse momentum are considered. The analysis is based on proton-proton collision data collected with the ATLAS experiment at $\sqrt{s} = 13$ TeV during LHC Run2 (2015-2018), corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 139 fb$^{-1}$. No significant excess above the Standard Model predictions is found. The results are expressed as 95% confidence-level limits on the parameters of the signal models considered.
description: 53 pages in total, author list starting page 37, 15 figures, 9 tables, published in Eur. Phys. J. C. All figures including auxiliary figures are available at https://atlas.web.cern.ch/Atlas/GROUPS/PHYSICS/PAPERS/EXOT-2018-43/
String (gravi)photons, "dark brane photons", holography and the hypercharge portal
Creators: name: Anastasopoulos, Pascal
name: Bianchi, Massimo
name: Consoli, Dario
name: Kiritsis, Elias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The mixing of graviphotons and dark brane photons to the Standard Model hypercharge is analyzed in full generality, in weakly-coupled string theory. Both the direct mixing as well as effective terms that provide mixing after inclusion of SM corrections are estimated to lowest order. The results are compared with Effective Field Theory (EFT) couplings, originating in a hidden large-N theory coupled to the SM. The string theory mixing terms are typically subleading compared with the generic EFT couplings. The case where the hidden theory is a holographic theory is also analyzed, providing also suppressed mixing terms to the SM hypercharge.
description: 45 pages plus appendices. 36 figures. V3 comments added
Probing Cold and Hot, Dense Nuclear Media Via High-p$_{T}$ Jets with Di-hadron and gamma-hadron Correlations at PHENIX
Creators: name: Grau, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: With the recent high statistics Au+Au and Cu+Cu runs at RHIC, it has become possible to systematically study jet properties in several different colliding systems with potentially different final state interactions. In this talk we present results from high-pT di-hadron and gamma-hadron correlations from p+p, d+Au, Cu+Cu, and Au+Au collisions where jets in vacuum, cold nuclear matter, and hot, dense nuclear matter are studied.
description: 4 pages, 6 figures, Talk given at Quark Matter 2005 at Budapest, Hungary, August 4-9
Boyens, Armin: Kirchenkampf und Ökumene 1933-39
Creators: name: Glenthoj, Jorgen
Publisher: name: Ökumenische Rundschau
Year: 2025

description: Ökumenische Rundschau, Bd. 19 Nr. 2 (1970): Ökumenische Rundschau, Band 19, Heft 2
Collective Excitations of Strongly Interacting Fermi Gases of Atoms in a Harmonic Trap
Creators: name: Kim, Yeong E.
name: Zubarev, Alexander L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The zero-temperature properties of a dilute two-component Fermi gas in the BCS-BEC crossover are investigated. On the basis of a generalization of the Hylleraas-Undheim method, we construct rigorous upper bounds to the collective frequencies for the radial and the axial breathing mode of the Fermi gas under harmonic confinement in the framework of the hydrodynamic theory. The bounds are compared to experimental data for trapped vapors of Li6 atoms.
description: 11 pages, 2 figures
An $n$-th order Lagrangian Forward Model for Large-Scale Structure
Creators: name: Schmidt, Fabian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A forward model of matter and biased tracers at arbitrary order in Lagrangian perturbation theory (LPT) is presented. The forward model contains the complete LPT displacement field at any given order in perturbations, as well as all relevant bias operators at that order and leading order in derivatives. The construction is done for any expansion history and does not rely on the Einstein-de Sitter approximation. A large subset of higher-derivative bias operators is also included. As validation test, we compare the $n$LPT-predicted matter density field and that from N-body simulations using the same initial conditions. For simulations using a cutoff in the initial conditions, we find subpercent agreement up to scales of $k\sim 0.2 h\,{\rm Mpc}^{-1}$. We also find subpercent agreement with full simulations without cutoff, both for the power spectrum and nonlinear $σ_8$-inference, when allowing for the effective sound speed. The application to biased tracers (halos) has already been presented in a recent paper (arXiv:2009.14176).
description: 24 pages, 5 figures; v2: minor corrections, clarifications, added references, reflects JCAP published version; code available at https://gitlab.mpcdf.mpg.de/leftfield/release/leftfield
Microwave Response and Spin Waves in Superconducting Ferromagnets
Creators: name: Braude, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Excitation of spin waves is considered in a superconducting ferromagnetic slab with the equilibrium magnetization both perpendicular and parallel to the surface. The surface impedance is calculated and its behavior near propagation thresholds is analyzed. Influence of non-zero magnetic induction at the surface is considered in various cases. The results provide a basis for investigation of materials with coexisting superconductivity and magnetism by microwave response measurements.
description: 10 pages, 7 figures
Uncertainty Relations for Mesoscopic Coherent Light
Creators: name: Soret, Ariane
name: Shpielberg, Ohad
name: Akkermans, Eric
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Thermodynamic uncertainty relations unveil useful connections between fluctuations in thermal systems and entropy production. This work extends these ideas to the disparate field of \textit{zero temperature} quantum mesoscopic physics where fluctuations are due to coherent effects and entropy production is replaced by a cost function. The cost function arises naturally as a bound on fluctuations, induced by coherent effects -- a critical resource in quantum mesoscopic physics. Identifying the cost function as an important quantity demonstrates the potential of importing powerful methods from non-equilibrium statistical physics to quantum mesoscopics.