cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Both negative and positive task-irrelevant stimuli contract attentional breadth in individuals with high levels of negative affect
Creators: name: Goodhew, Stephanie C.
name: Edwards, Mark
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Emotionally-salient stimuli can capture attention to their spatial location, even when they are not relevant to a prescribed task. Here we tested whether they can influence the spatial breadth of attention. Experiment 1 tested whether small task-irrelevant emotionally-salient stimuli contracted attentional breadth when the task required a broad focus, while Experiment 2 tested whether large task-irrelevant emotionally-salient stimuli expanded attentional breadth when the task required a narrow focus. Both experiments compared the effect of negative and positive emotionally-salient images against neutral, and examined the role of participants’ self-reported experiences of negative affect. Both experiments revealed slower responses following large emotionally-salient images, an effect unrelated to attentional breadth. Experiment 1 demonstrated an interaction between accuracy and negative affect, such that individuals with high levels of negative affect were less accurate at identifying global targets following both negative and positive small images, but not following neutral small images. This suggests that these small task-irrelevant emotionally-salient images contracted attentional breadth. Experiment 2 suggested that large task-irrelevant emotionally-salient images did not expand attentional breadth. We discuss how these results cannot be explained by existing models of emotion-based effects on attention and cognition, and the important implications they have for the practicalities of model-testing.
title: Effects of a Wilderness Orientation Program on Student Expectations of Adjustment to College
Creators: name: Joyner, Emily Anne
Publisher: name: Old Dominion University
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04zjtrb98
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2005

description: Wilderness orientation programs are being used at some colleges and universities in the United States to supplement traditional orientation programs for incoming first-year students. Over the past twenty years, the use of wilderness orientation programs has increased significantly; however, little empirical evidence exists to evaluate the benefits of wilderness orientation programs.

This study was designed to examine how one wilderness orientation program affects expectations for adjustment to college among first-year student participants. An adaptation of Baker and Siryk's (1989) Student Adaptation to College Questionnaire was used to evaluate adjustment expectations. This questionnaire includes four dimensions of student adjustment: academic adjustment, social adjustment, personal/emotional adjustment, and institutional attachment.

The questionnaires were electronically mailed to the entire first-year population at a small private college in the mid-Atlantic region of the United States. The pre-test was sent before students arrived on campus in August and the post-test was sent five weeks later. Students rated their expectations for adapting to college in both the pre-test and the post-test. Results from students who participated in the wilderness orientation program were compared with results from students who participated only in the traditional orientation to college using various t-test analyses. Comparisons based on gender variables were also made.

The results indicated that students who participated in the wilderness orientation program did not exhibit a significant change in expectations for adjustment to college from pre-test to the post-test. In contrast, students who participated in only the traditional orientation program demonstrated a significant decrease in expectations for both academic adjustment and institutional attachment. No significant differences based on gender were observed.

The findings suggest that exposure to a wilderness orientation program may affect expectations for adjustment to college for incoming first-year students. Nevertheless, due to limitations associated with this study, results must be interpreted with caution. Implications of the results are discussed, a description of limitations is outlined, and recommendations for future research are presented.
High-yield oil palm expansion spares land at the expense of forests in the Peruvian Amazon
Creators: name: Gutiérrez-Vélez, Victor Hugo
name: Padoch, Christine
name: DeFries, Ruth S.
name: Uriarte, Maria
name: Pinedo-Vasquez, Miguel Angel
name: Baethgen, Walter E.
name: De Avila Fernandes, Katia
name: Lim, Yili
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Deforestation
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Agriculture
subject: Environmental management

description: High-yield agriculture potentially reduces pressure on forests by requiring less land to increase production. Using satellite and field data, we assessed the area deforested by industrial-scale high-yield oil palm expansion in the Peruvian Amazon from 2000 to 2010, finding that 72% of new plantations expanded into forested areas. In a focus area in the Ucayali region, we assessed deforestation for high- and smallholder low-yield oil palm plantations. Low-yield plantations accounted for most expansion overall (80%), but only 30% of their expansion involved forest conversion, contrasting with 75% for high-yield expansion. High-yield expansion minimized the total area required to achieve production but counter-intuitively at higher expense to forests than low-yield plantations. The results show that high-yield agriculture is an important but insufficient strategy to reduce pressure on forests. We suggest that high-yield agriculture can be effective in sparing forests only if coupled with incentives for agricultural expansion into already cleared lands.
Always in flux: the role of attentional focus in emotion regulation dynamics
Creators: name: Eldesouky, Lameese
name: English, Tammy
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Flexible emotion regulation (ER) in response to contextual changes is important for well-being. However, little is known about predictors of ER dynamics or their consequences. We investigated these questions in 113 romantic couples by priming self-, partner-, or relationship-focus in one partner prior to a 10-min conflict discussion. Afterwards, participants reported their ER using a video-recall task, and independent coders rated participants’ affective behaviours. Couples focused on their relationship were more likely to switch between ER strategies, as expected. Switching predicted increased positive affect (PA), and this effect was stronger for couples in the self-focus condition than those in the partner-focus condition. Results suggest that focusing on a wider range of contextual information leads to more dynamic regulation. Further, regulating dynamically may generally be beneficial, especially if one does not neglect the self.
Teknik analisis dasar dalam Linguistik Korpus
Creators: name: Rajeg, Gede Primahadi Wijaya
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 209999 Language, Communication and Culture not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Languages and literature
subject: 200313 Indonesian Languages
subject: Language
subject: 200407 Lexicography
subject: 200408 Linguistic Structures (incl. Grammar, Phonology, Lexicon, Semantics)

description: UPDATE: Version 3
Version 3 ini berisi update terhadap (i) berkas gpwrajeg_2020_chi-square-excel.xlsx yang menambahkan rancangan tabel Chi-Square 2-by-6 & (ii) fungsi odds ratio =============================
Salindia dan materi pendukung terkait Linguistik Korpus Kuantitatif yang disajikan pada lokakarya Kebahasaan dan Kesastraan untuk Kelompok Kepakaran Layanan Profesional (KKLP) Perkamusan dan Peristilahan, Sekretariat Badan Pengembangan dan Pembinaan Bahasa (4-5 November 2020 secara daring)
Sitiran jika menggunakan materi di repositori ini:Rajeg, Gede Primahadi Wijaya (2020): Teknik analisis dasar dalam Linguistik Korpus. figshare. Online resource. https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.13185467

Keterangan
1. Tiga berkas PDF merupakan salindia sedangkan satu PDF adalah materi latihan untuk hari ke-2 (statistik untuk linguistik korpus).
2. Berkas MS Excel dengan nama gpwrajeg_2020_collocations.xlsx berisi formula perhitungan daya asosiasi pasangan dua kata.
3. Berkas MS Excel dengan nama gpwrajeg_2020_chi-square-excel.xlsx. berisi formula menghitung Chi-square, p-value, dan besaran efek (Cramér's V dan Odds Ratio [untuk tabel 2-by-2 saja]) untuk rangancan tabel 2-by-2, 2-by-3, 2-by-6, dan 3-by-3. (video tutorial)
4. Materi hari kedua (terkait statistik untuk linguistik korpus) terinspirasi dari tutorial online oleh Stefanowitsch (2004) yang lamannya sudah tidak aktif (terakhir kali mengakses laman tersebut adalah pada tanggal 4 Agustus 2011). Untuk ulasan berbahasa Indonesia dari tutorial Chi-Square oleh Stefanowitsch (2004), bisa dilihat pada G. P. W. Rajeg & I M. Rajeg (2019), yang juga menampilkan penggunaan bahasa pemrograman R untuk melakukan analisis Chi-Square (data dan R code) (video kuliah terkait Chi-Square).
5. Berkas gpwrajeg_2020_statistik-untuk-LKorpus-kode-R.R berisi kode pemrograman R untuk beberapa materi hari kedua terkait statistik untuk linguistik korpus.
Referensi
Stefanowitsch, Anatol. 2004. Quantitative thinking for corpus linguists. Tutorial. http://www-user.uni-bremen.de/~anatol/qnt/qnt_dist.html (4 August, 2011).
Rajeg, Gede Primahadi Wijaya & I Made Rajeg. 2019. Pemahaman kuantitatif dasar dan penerapannya dalam mengkaji keterkaitan antara bentuk dan makna. Linguistik Indonesia 37(1). 13–31. https://doi.org/10.26180/5c6e1160b8d8a.
Scaling Disturbance Instead of Richness to Better Understand Anthropogenic Impacts on Biodiversity
Creators: Mayor, S. J.
Cahill, J. F.
He, F.
Boutin, S.
Publisher: name: University of Alberta Library
Year: 2015

A primary impediment to understanding how species diversity and anthropogenic disturbance are related is that both diversity and disturbance can depend on the scales at which they are sampled. While the scale dependence of diversity estimation has received substantial attention, the scale dependence of disturbance estimation has been essentially overlooked. Here, we break from conventional examination of the diversity-disturbance relationship by holding the area over which species richness is estimated constant and instead manipulating the area over which human disturbance is measured. In the boreal forest ecoregion of Alberta, Canada, we test the dependence of species richness on disturbance scale, the scale-dependence of the intermediate disturbance hypothesis, and the consistency of these patterns in native versus exotic species and among human disturbance types. We related field observed species richness in 1 ha surveys of 372 boreal vascular plant communities to remotely sensed measures of human disturbance extent at two survey scales: local (1 ha) and landscape (18 km2). Supporting the intermediate disturbance hypothesis, species richness-disturbance relationships were quadratic at both local and landscape scales of disturbance measurement. This suggests the shape of richness-disturbance relationships is independent of the scale at which disturbance is assessed, despite that local diversity is influenced by disturbance at different scales by different mechanisms, such as direct removal of individuals (local) or indirect alteration of propagule supply (landscape). By contrast, predictions of species richness did depend on scale of disturbance measurement: with high local disturbance richness was double that under high landscape disturbance.
Better memory for emotional sources? A systematic evaluation of source valence and arousal in source memory
Creators: name: Symeonidou, Nikoletta
name: Kuhlmann, Beatrice G.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Emotion-enhanced memory (EEM) describes the robust memory advantage of emotional over non-emotional stimuli. While extensively investigated with emotional items, it is unclear whether the EEM effect extends to source memory for a neutral item's emotional context. In two pre-registered studies, we systematically manipulated source valence (positive, negative) between participants and source arousal (high, low, neutral-low) within participants. In Experiment 1 (lab study, N = 80), we used emotional sound sources and presented them together with neutral pictures as items. In Experiment 2 (online study, N = 172), we used emotional background pictures with superimposed neutral item words to similarly manipulate source emotionality. Multinomial model-based analysis showed no general effects of valence or arousal on source memory across both experiments. Source memory was impaired for the negative high-arousing source in Experiment 1 but this did not replicate in Experiment 2. Altogether, we conclude that there are no memory-enhancing effects of source emotionality (valence, arousal, or any specific combination thereof) on source memory, dissociating emotionality effects between source and item memory. Additionally, we propose that material-dependent influences carry more weight if the used emotional material is limited in number, as is the case in the standard source-monitoring paradigm employing few sources only.
«КИТАЙСКАЯ ЭКСПАНСИЯ» В ВОСТОЧНЫХ РАЙОНАХ РОССИИ В НАЧАЛЕ XXI В. ЧЕРЕЗ ПРИЗМУ КОМПАРАТИВИСТСКОГО АНАЛИЗА
Creators: name: Виктор Лаврентьевич Ларин
Publisher: name: Сравнительная политика
Year: 2020
Subjects: Тихоокеанская Россия; Китай; китайская угроза; торговля; инвестиции; китайская рабочая сила

description: В статье на основе сравнительно-сопоставительного метода анализируется взаимодействие трёх субъективных и объективных реальностей, занимающих важное место в современных российскокитайских отношениях. Виртуальные представления о масштабах китайского присутствия на Дальнем Востоке России сопоставляются с выказываемыми российскими властями и населением этого региона настроениями и пожеланиями относительно вовлечения Китая в экономическое развитие региона и соотносятся с реалиями экономической и демографической жизни восточных районов России во втором десятилетии 21 в. В первой части статьи автор выявляет различные истоки, современные проявления и интерпретации фантома «китайской угрозы», анализирует взгляды и подходы российского федерального центра, властей и населения Тихоокеанской России в отношении китайского экономического и демографического присутствия в регионе. Делается вывод о, в целом, позитивном настрое и власти, и населения в отношении этого явления. При этом отмечается, что в сознании российских властей и населения прочно закрепились определенные ограничители к тесному сближению с Китаем, которые сказываются на конкретных решениях и действиях местных властей и бизнеса. Вместе с тем наблюдается достаточно прохладное отношение китайских властей и крупного бизнеса к внедрению в экономику этого региона России. Во второй части статьи на основе официальной статистики показываются реальные проявления китайского участия в экономической жизни Тихоокеанской России: динамика, масштабы и структура межрегиональной торговли, объемы и характер китайских инвестиций, гуманитарный обмен и движение трудовых ресурсов через линию границы. Эта статистика убедительно показывает очень незначительные масштабы китайского экономического присутствия и влияния в регионе. Сравнительно-сопоставительный подход позволяет автору сделать вывод о глубоком разрыве между прогнозами экспертов и интуитивными российскими страхами о расширении «китайской экспансии» в России, намерениями российских и китайских политиков увеличить вклад КНР в развитие Тихоокеанской России, и реальными масштабами этого участия.
On measures driven by Markov chains
Creators: name: Heurteaux, Yanick
name: Stos, Andrzej
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: Metric Geometry (math.MG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We study measures on $[0,1]$ which are driven by a finite Markov chain and which generalize the famous Bernoulli products. We propose a hands-on approach to determine the structure function $τ$ and to prove that the multifractal formalism is satisfied. Formulas for the dimension of the measures and for the Hausdorff dimension of their supports are also provided.
МЕЖДУ ПЕКИНОМ И ВАШИНГТОНОМ: ОСНОВНЫЕ ПОЛИТИЧЕСКИЕ И ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКИЕ ПАРАМЕТРЫ ВЬЕТНАМСКО-КИТАЙСКИХ ОТНОШЕНИЙ НА СОВРЕМЕННОМ ЭТАПЕ
Creators: name: Владимир Николаевич Колотов
Publisher: name: Сравнительная политика
Year: 2020
Subjects: вьетнамско-китайские отношения; азиатский «дракон» пятого поколения; внутренняя и внешняя политика Вьетнама; геополитическая ситуация в Восточной Азии; восточноазиатский сегмент евразийской дуги нестабильности

description: Статья посвящена описанию основных параметров вьетнамско-китайских отношений на современном этапе. С одной стороны, экономические отношения между этими соседними странами динамично развиваются, а, с другой, территориальные споры в Южно-Китайском море привели Пекин и Ханой к балансированию на грани военных действий и активному поиску союзников. В настоящее время Пекин выигрывает в экономическом сотрудничестве с Ханоем, однако пока явно проигрывает Вашингтону политически в перетягивании Ханоя на свою сторону в текущем геополитическом раскладе. Вьетнам умело использует сложившуюся ситуацию в своих интересах, наращивая экономическое взаимодействие как с Пекином, так и Вашингтоном, для ускорения модернизации своей экономики.
Post-Mortem Examination of the International Financial Network,
Creators: name: M. Chinazzi
name: G. Fagiolo
name: J. A. Reyes
name: Schiavo, Stefano
Publisher: name: Universit� degli Studi di Trento, Dipartimento di Economia.
Year: 2012

description: As the recent crisis has forcefully suggested, understanding financial-market interconnectedness is of a paramount importance to explain systemic risk, stability and economic dynamics. In this paper, we address these issues along two related perspectives. First, we explore the statistical properties of the International Financial Network (IFN), defined as a weighted-directed graph where nodes are countries and links represent debtor?creditor relationships in equities and short/long-run debt. We investigate whether the 2008 financial crisis has resulted in a significant change in the topological properties of the IFN. Our findings suggest that the crisis caused not only a reduction in the amount of securities traded, but also induced changes in the topology of the network and in the time evolution of its statistical properties. This has happened, however, without changing the disassortative, core-periphery structure of the IFN architecture. Second, we perform an econometric study to examine the ability of network-based measures to explain cross-country differences in crisis intensity. We investigate whether the conclusion of previous studies showing that international connectedness is not a relevant predictor of crisis intensity may be reversed, once one explicitly accounts for the position of each country within the IFN. We show that higher interconnectedness reduces the severity of the crisis, as it allows adverse shocks to dissipate quicker. However, being central in the network may make countries that are not members of a rich club more vulnerable in times of crisis. Finally, we find strong evidence of nonlinear effects, once the high degree of heterogeneity that characterizes the IFN is taken into account.
КИТАЙСКИЙ ФАКТОР В ИНДИЙСКО-АМЕРИКАНСКИХ ОТНОШЕНИЯХ
Creators: name: Эллина Петровна Шавлай
Publisher: name: Сравнительная политика
Year: 2020
Subjects: Индия; США; китайский фактор; геополитика; Индо-Тихоокеанский регион; региональные державы; Азия

description: Отношения с КНР как у Индии, так и у Соединенных Штатов Америки довольно непростые. Основой индийско-китайского диалога можно считать исторический фундамент, заложенный войной 1962 года, после которой отношения двух азиатских гигантов стали характеризоваться охлаждением друг к другу и взаимным недоверием. Несмотря на то, что конец XX века ознаменовался началом налаживания двустороннего взаимодействия, сотрудничество между Дели и Пекином всё ещё не соответствует их потенциалу. Что касается отношений США и Китая, то на современном этапе оно всё чаще именуется соперничеством двух сверхдержав – устоявшейся, но теряющей свои позиции, и потенциальной. Разногласия Китая и США находятся в рамках передела сфер влияния и вопросов региональной безопасности, так как КНР расшатывает устоявшийся баланс сил, нарушая статус-кво между сторонами, тем самым создавая угрозу американским интересам как в Азиатско-Тихоокеанском регионе (АТР), так и в глобальном масштабе. Индийско-американские отношения в ретроспективе развивались достаточно неравномерно: США отдавали предпочтение Пакистану, в то время как Индии отводилась второстепенная роль, хотя бывали и периоды активного диалога. Тогда выбор Вашингтона был обусловлен противостоянием с СССР и непосредственным образом сказался на сотрудничестве с Дели. Однако в последние годы американский истеблишмент стал обращать всё больше внимания на Азиатско-Тихоокеанский регион, что связано с подъёмом Китая и его превращением в основного геополитического соперника США в мире. На этом фоне возросла роль Индии как второй ключевой державы в регионе, который в американской внешней политике получил новое звучание, трансформировавшись в Индийско-Тихоокеанский (ИТР). Новые геополитические реалии и предопределяют актуальность данного исследования, направленного на анализ влияния китайского фактора на взаимодействие Индии и США.
Attentional bias to emotions after prolonged endurance exercise is modulated by age
Creators: name: Marotta, Angela
name: Braga, Miriam
name: Tarperi, Cantor
name: Skroce, Kristina
name: Fiorio, Mirta
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Physical exercise has an impact in biasing attention to positive or negative emotional stimuli. While attentional shift to emotions varies with age, evidence is lacking on the effect of prolonged endurance exercise on age-related attentional bias to emotions. This study aims at filling this knowledge gap, by applying a dot-probe task to measure attentional bias to emotions before and after a half-marathon in healthy participants of different ages (age range 21–65 years). State anxiety, positive and negative affect were also assessed. Younger adults showed attentional bias towards anger and away from sadness after the race, supporting the hypothesis of the congruency between the high-arousing task and the associated emotion (anger) in the modulation of attention. Conversely, older adults showed a bias away from anger, likely representing an attempt to maintain an optimal emotional level after the competition. This study sheds new light on how age impacts on emotional mechanisms involved in prolonged endurance exercise and suggests that regulatory processes in response to stress may be involved differently, depending on age.
Numerical analysis of the morphological and phase changes in the TiN/Al_{2}O_{3} coating under high current electron beam modification
Creators: name: Pogrebnjak, A. D.
name: Borisyuk, V. N.
name: Bagdasaryan, A. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A modification of the surface structure of the hybrid coating TiN/Al_{2}O_{3} with a low-energy high-current electron beam (NCEB) is performed. The surface roughness is considered as a function of beam current. Surfaces of the obtained samples are investigated within the two-dimensional multifractal detrended fluctuation analysis (MF-DFA). The multifractal spectrum of the surface is calculated as a quantitative parameter of the roughness. It is shown that with an increase of the beam energy, the surface becomes more regular and uniform.
description: 8 pages, 6 figures
Does mindfulness reduce negative interpretation bias?
Creators: name: Gibb, Audrey
name: Wilson, Jenna M.
name: Ford, Cameron
name: Shook, Natalie J.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Cancer
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Negative interpretation bias, or the tendency to interpret ambiguous life events in a negative manner rather than positive or neutral, is a precursor to depression and anxiety. Evidence suggests that mindfulness reduces depression and anxiety, as well as a number of different negative cognitive biases. However, little is known about the association between mindfulness and negative interpretation bias specifically. Across two cross-sectional studies, we investigated this relation. In Study 1 (N = 135), greater trait mindfulness was correlated with less negative interpretation bias. In Study 2 (N = 173), we experimentally tested whether a brief mindfulness induction, compared to a mind-wandering task, decreased negative interpretation bias. Although there was not a direct effect of condition (mindfulness vs. mind-wandering) on negative interpretation bias, there was a significant indirect effect through negative mood. That is, participants in the mind-wandering condition reported greater negative mood following the induction compared to participants in the mindfulness condition, which was associated with more negative interpretation bias. The results suggest mindfulness is associated with less negative interpretation bias and may reduce negative interpretation bias by decreasing negative mood.
КИТАЙСКАЯ ПОЛИТИКА В СФЕРЕ ПРИМЕНЕНИЯ ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКИХ САНКЦИЙ: ТЕОРИЯ И ПРАКТИКА
Creators: name: Василий Борисович Кашин
name: Анастасия Сергеевна Пятачкова
name: Любовь Сергеевна Крашенинникова
Publisher: name: Сравнительная политика
Year: 2020
Subjects: Китай; санкции; экономическая дипломатия; торговая война между КНР и США; внешняя политика КНР

description: Китай воспринимается, с одной стороны, как объект длительного санкционного давления, а с другой – как последовательный критик использования односторонних санкций в политических целях. Вместе с тем, Китай и сам на регулярной основе применяет односторонние экономические санкции по крайней мере с 2000-ных годов. По мере роста экономического могущества КНР примеров применения односторонних санкций Китаем становится все больше, а их эффективность – все выше. Анализ китайской санкционной политики осложняется тем, что большинство своих односторонних санкций Пекин вводит без официального объявления. Инструментами санкционного давления выступают экспортный контроль, повышенная активность органов госрегулирования, санитарные ограничения, перекрытие ранее одобренных кредитных линий и т.п. Китай демонстрирует наибольшую готовность к применению санкций в ответ на посягательства на свою военную безопасность и территориальную целостность, относимых Китаем к числу коренных национальных интересов. Но растет и число случаев применения санкций для обеспечения более широкого спектра задач. В статье изучены китайские подходы к применению односторонних санкций, отраженные в доступных публикациях китайских ученых и конкретных примерах санкционной политики КНР. Поскольку настоящая работа посвящена именно односторонним экономическим санкциям, в ней не рассматриваются вопросы участия КНР в исполнении санкционных мер, введенных в действие решением Совета Безопасности ООН.
Raw data
Creators: name: Lu
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 300914
subject: Veterinary virology

description: The endemic status of goose parvovirus (GPV) continues to devastate the poultry industry in China. Novel GPV (NGPV) and Mutated GPV (MGPV) represent the predominant lineages. However, the comparative pathogenicity between these viruses remains poorly understood. Herein, we selected representative NGPV and MGPV strains as model viruses to assess their pathogenic potential both in vitro and in vivo. In vitro cellular and embryo assays demonstrated that both NGPV and MGPV were capable of replicating in DEF and GEF cells, leading to pronounced cytopathic effects. However, these viruses exhibited distinct levels of intra-embryonic replication capabilities. Furthermore, we conducted in vivo infection experiments and systematically evaluated the pathogenic differences between NGPV and MGPV by examining various indicators, including growth, clinical signs, gross pathology, skeletal development, viral load, immunogenicity, and antigenicity in the infected animals. The results showed that both NGPV and MGPV inhibited weight gain in goslings and ducklings, with NGPV exerting a more significant suppressive impact. MGPV induced classical gosling plague pathology in goslings, while NGPV led to short beak and dwarfism syndrome in ducklings, notably disrupting skeletal development. Moreover, MGPV and NGPV exhibited diverse host tropisms, with MGPV being more pathogenic to goslings and NGPV to ducklings. Both viruses elicited specific antibody responses, with MGPV being more effective in goslings and NGPV in ducklings. Meanwhile, MGPV exhibited stronger antigenicity compared to NGPV. These findings enhance our understanding of the pathogenicity of prevalent GPV strains in waterfowl, offering a critical theoretical foundation for devising strategies to prevent and manage GPV infections.
Regulation of positive and negative emotions across cultures: does culture moderate associations between emotion regulation and mental health?
Creators: name: Schunk, Fabian
name: Trommsdorff, Gisela
name: König-Teshnizi, Dorothea
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Emotion regulation (ER) has been frequently linked to mental health (MH) with previous research focussing on a limited range of ER strategies. The present study examined whether strategies for the regulation of positive and negative emotions are differently related to MH (i.e. higher subjective well-being, less depressive symptoms) across cultures. Two samples consisting of 524 Japanese and 476 German-speaking (“Germans”) university students completed our survey. Moderation analyses revealed cultural similarities and differences in associations between ER and MH. Across cultures, distraction from negative emotions, savouring positive emotions, and reappraisal were related to better MH, whereas distraction from positive emotions and ruminating on negative experiences were related to worse MH. Moreover, the link between rumination and lower well-being was significantly weaker among Japanese compared to Germans. Expressive suppression was related to lower MH among Germans only. Contrary to the German pattern, suppressing negative emotions out of empathic concern was associated with better MH among Japanese, which was mediated by interdependent self-construal. Our findings suggest that masking negative emotions out of concern for others might be an adaptive strategy for Japanese by reinforcing interdependent values. We highlight the role of culture and the importance of distinguishing different ER strategies and emotion types.
Bath dynamics in an exactly solvable qubit model with initial qubit-environment correlations
Creators: name: Ignatyuk, V. V.
name: Morozov, V. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the bath dynamics in the dephasing model of a two-state quantum system (qubit) coupled to an environment of harmonic oscillators. This model was shown [Morozov et al., Phys. Rev. A, 2012, 85, 022101] to admit the analytic solution for the qubit and environment dynamics. Using this solution, we derive the exact expression for the bath reduced density matrix in the presence of initial qubit-environment correlations. We obtain the non-equilibrium phonon distribution function and discuss in detail the time behavior of the bath energy. It is shown that only the inclusion of dynamic correlations between the qubit and the bath ensures the proper time behavior of the quantity which may be interpreted as the "environment energy".
description: 6 pages
Produktivitätsvorteile der Modulbauweise durch Vorteile in der Baulogistik
Creators: name: Hartmann, Andreas
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 90599 Civil Engineering not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Civil engineering

description: Die Modulbauweise verspricht durch den höchsten Vorfertigungsgrad im Bauwesen eine Reihe an Vorteilen, z.B. Bauzeitverkürzung. Bei der Betrachtung dieser Verbesserungen wird gemeinhin ausschließlich die Verlagerung der Produktionsprozesse in die Werkhallen berücksichtigt. Jedoch lassen sich Produktivitätssteigerungen auch auf der Baustelle erzeugen. Eine Mitanlieferung innerhalb der dreidimensionalen Raumstruk- turen von Materialien und Werkzeugen, die für die Erbringung der Restleistungen auf der Baustelle benötigt werden, wirkt sich zusätzlich positiv auf die Bewältigung der baulogistischen Prozesse auf der Baustelle aus. Dies kann zu kürzeren Ausführungszeiten sowie einer höheren Bauzeitsicherheit führen und in Summe zu einer Effizienzsteigerung führen. Diese Zusammenhänge fanden in der Fachliteratur bisher keine ausreichende Würdigung und sollen in dem Artikel näher erörtert und dargestellt werden.
Fine-Grained Analyses of Early Autism-related Social Behavior in Real-World Scenarios by Machine Learning
Creators: name: Alvari, Gianpaolo
Publisher: name: Universit� degli studi di Trento
Year: 2022

description: Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a condition that carries high costs for families and the healthcare system, requiring extensive management both in terms of diagnosis and treatment. The implementation of AI-based systems in clinical practice represents a possible supportive solution that can help clinicians by providing more systematic meth- ods to monitor child behavior. The main advantage over more traditional observational approaches is to offer quantitative and refined analysis solutions that can be ecological at the same time. The relevance of AI in clinical applications can have a role both in the challenge of early detection and in designing intervention programs better tai- lored to the specific functioning of children with ASD. The research project presented in this dissertation focused on developing AI-based systems for fine-grained analysis of autism-related social behaviors and their validation in concrete clinical environments. Specifically, in Chapter 2, our first study is presented, which targets on implementing a computational phenotyping system to address the need for new early markers of the condition. Through fine-grained analytics of facial dynamics in videos, we identified a set of features that distinguished young (6-12 months) infants with ASD (18 ASD, 15 non-ASD) during unconstrained at-home interactions. In Chapters 3 and 4, we introduce EYE-C, a Behavior Imaging model for robust analysis of eye contact episodes in eco- logical therapist-child interactions. The system was validated in the clinical setting for personalized early intervention. First, we investigated the influence of extracted features in categorizing spectrum heterogeneity across a sample of 62 preschool (<6 years) chil- dren with ASD. Further, we tested our metrics as predictors of early intensive treatment outcomes in a sub-sample of 18 subjects with ASD. The project aims to demonstrate the feasibility of effective computational systems that are robust to the high variability of unstructured interactions, with emphasis on the applicative value in real-world scenar- ios. Even though based on limited sample sizes, the work presented may offer interesting insights into the perspective of integrating AI into clinical practice. The research project was funded by an FBK scholarship and developed in a double in- ternship at ODFLab (University of Trento) and the FBK Data Science for Health (DSH) research unit.
ГЛОБАЛИЗАЦИЯ КИТАЙСКОГО ВЫСШЕГО ОБРАЗОВАНИЯ КАК ФАКТОР ГЕОПОЛИТИЧЕСКОГО ВЛИЯНИЯ
Creators: name: Валентина Вильевна Кузнецова
name: Ольга Анатольевна Машкина
Publisher: name: Сравнительная политика
Year: 2020
Subjects: высшее образование; геополитика; экспорт и импорт образования; факторы влияния

description: Конкурентоспособность страны в современном мире в большой степени зависит от способности национальной системы образования обеспечить подготовку профессиональной элиты, вовлечь в процесс непрерывного обучения широкие слои общества и создать условия для удовлетворения различных культурных и социальноэкономических потребностей населения. Доминирующая в последние годы национальная идея − возрождение великого Китая − в недавних партийных и правительственных документах дополняется новым контентом − «создание державы с сильным образованием». Образование в стратегии развития Китая приобретает приоритетное значение как фактор поддержания социальной стабильности и внутренней межнациональной интеграции и одновременно как двигатель инновационного развития. Китай, в отличие от многих стран, проводящих социально-экономическую модернизацию, последовательно и неуклонно решает задачу превращения «вызова» большого населения из тормоза в стимул развития и дает убедительный пример того, каким образом можно повысить человеческий потенциал в стране, где еще 30 лет назад царила неграмотность и бедность. Китайская система высшего образования не только демонстрирует способность конкурировать с ведущими университетами мира, но и активно продвигает свои технологии, стандарты и ценности в глобальном образовательном пространстве, в первую очередь, усиливая свое влияние на страны, входящие в зону интереса проекта «Один пояс, один путь».
Does deliberate prospection help students set better goals?
Creators: name: Jähnichen, Sarah
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Education
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences

description: The study investigates how goal-setting interventions based on deliberate prospection impact the aspirations and characteristics of student's goals. Further, it is investigated how the aspirations and characteristics of student's goals are impacted by reflecting on different timescales (end of semester, end of studies, end of life). Based on a previous exploratory study, concrete hypotheses are tested.
Inferring mode inertias in evolved solar-like stars
Creators: name: Benomar, O.
name: Belkacem, K.
name: Bedding, T. R.
name: Stello, D.
name: Di Mauro, M. P.
name: Ventura, R.
name: Mosser, B.
name: Goupil, M. J.
name: Samadi, R.
name: Garcia, R. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Asteroseismology of evolved solar-like stars is experiencing a growing interest due to the wealth of observational data from space-borne instruments such as the \emph{CoRoT} and \emph{Kepler} spacecraft. In particular, the recent detection of mixed modes, which probe both the innermost and uppermost layers of stars, paves the way for inferring the internal structure of stars along their evolution through the subgiant and red giant phases. Mixed modes can also place stringent constraints on the physics of such stars and on their global properties (mass, age, etc...). Here, using two \emph{Kepler} stars (KIC 4351319 and KIC 6442183), we demonstrate that measurements of mixed mode characteristics allow us to estimate the mode inertias, providing a new and additional diagnostics on the mode trapping and subsequently on the internal structure of evolved stars. We however stress that the accuracy may be sensitive to non-adiabatic effects.
description: ApJ Letter
Telemedicine and Application Scenarios: Common Privacy and Security Requirements in the European Union Context
Creators: name: Guarda, Paolo
Publisher: name: Universit� degli studi di Trento
Year: 2015

description: This article is aimed at describing the most relevant issues around computerised processing of health data with specific reference to telemedicine modules within the European Union. The regulatory framework in this area is complex and varied, and often disorienting. Therefore, the application and reconstructive approach of this work tries to fill a gap in the literature by providing a first systematisation of the topic. The main issues of the digitisation of health data are taken into account, with particular attention to telemedicine and so-called patient empowerment. There is a specific focus on the analysis of the application scenarios and legal requirements, in terms of privacy and security, of a telemedicine service. The European legal framework, and specifically the legal frameworks of certain selected countries (Germany, France, Austria and Italy), is presented. Ultimately, the minimum requirements to be implemented in a telemedicine scenario, along with possible technical solutions compliant with these requirements, are discussed and presented
Efficacy of a Group-Based Multimedia HIV Prevention Intervention for Drug-Involved Women under Community Supervision: Project WORTH
Creators: name: El-Bassel, Nabila
name: Gilbert, Louisa
name: Goddard-Eckrich, Dawn A.
name: Chang, Mingway P.
name: Wu, Elwin
name: Hunt, Timothy
name: Epperson, Matthew W.
name: Shaw, Stacey A.
name: Rowe, Jessica C.
name: Almonte, Maria
name: Witte, Susan S.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2014
Subjects: Social service

description: Objective: We tested the efficacy of a group-based traditional and multimedia HIV/STI prevention intervention (Project WORTH: Women on the Road to Health) among drug-involved women under community supervision. Design, Setting, Participants, and Intervention: We randomized 306 women recruited from community supervision settings to receive either: (1) a four-session traditional group-based HIV/STI prevention intervention (traditional WORTH); (2) a four-session multimedia group-based HIV/STI prevention intervention that covered the same content as traditional WORTH but was delivered in a computerized format; or (3) a four-session group-based Wellness Promotion intervention that served as an attention control condition. The study examined whether the traditional or multimedia WORTH intervention was more efficacious in reducing risks when compared to Wellness Promotion; and whether multimedia WORTH was more efficacious in reducing risks when compared to traditional WORTH. Main Outcomes and Measures: Primary outcomes were assessed over the 12-month post-intervention period and included the number of unprotected sex acts, the proportion of protected sex acts, and consistent condom use. At baseline, 77% of participants reported unprotected vaginal or anal sex (n = 237) and 63% (n = 194) had multiple sex partners. Results: Women assigned to traditional or multimedia WORTH were significantly more likely than women assigned to the control condition to report an increase in the proportion of protected sex acts (β = 0.10; 95% CI = 0.02–0.18) and a decrease in the number of unprotected sex acts (IRR = 0.72; 95% CI = 0.57–0.90). Conclusion and Relevance: The promising effects of traditional and multimedia WORTH on increasing condom use and high participation rates suggest that WORTH may be scaled up to redress the concentrated epidemics of HIV/STIs among drug-involved women in the criminal justice system.
Vladimir Odoevskij e la svetskaja povest': dalle opere giovanili ai racconti della maturit�
Creators: name: Mingati, Adalgisa
Publisher: name: Universit� di Trento. Dipartimento di studi letterari, linguistici e filologici
Year: 2010

description: A partire all?incirca dalla met� degli anni Venti dell?Ottocento, in un periodo cruciale di radicali trasformazioni per il sistema delle lettere russe, la prosa comincia ad incalzare la poesia, fino a quel momento dominatrice della scena letteraria. Tra i generi prosastici in primo piano balza la povest? (?racconto lungo? o ?romanzo breve?), una forma narrativa che accomuna opere anche molto diverse tra loro per sju?et, stile e contenuto. All?epoca particolare successo riscuotono, oltre alle povesti storiche e fantastiche, quelle che ritraggono la vita dell?alta societ� russa (lo svet). � a questo specifico paradigma narrativo che il principe Vladimir Fedorovi? Odoevskij rivolge la propria attenzione, sperimentando elementi tematici e moduli espressivi che contribuiscono a gettare le basi della moderna prosa russa. Nel presente lavoro vengono prese in esame le caratteristiche precipue della svetskaja povest?, le sue radici socio-culturali e i suoi legami con la coeva letteratura europea. Vengono inoltre analizzati i principali testi che si riferiscono sia al periodo giovanile di attivit� dello scrittore ? un settore complessivamente poco studiato della narrativa di Odoevskij ? sia a quello della maturit�.
Leggere (nel)la giurisprudenza: 53 sentenze inedite in tema di responsabilit� civile nelle analisi di 53 annotatori in formazione
Creators: name: Izzo, Umberto
Publisher: name: Universit� degli studi di Trento
Year: 2016

description: This work publishes 53 annotations and comments to as many judgments of courts of first instance that were not already commented when they were assigned for the task. These annotations and comments deal with several issues of the law of civil liability. They were selected among the works authored by the more than 120 students who attended the course of Civil law (focusing on the Law of civil liability) held at the Faculty of Law of the University of Trento by Umberto Izzo in the academic year 2014/2015, as take home work that students could electively choose in order to integrate and strengthen the evaluation of the final exam of the course.