cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Memetic Algorithms for Ligand Expulsion from Protein Cavities
Creators: name: Rydzewski, Jakub
name: Nowak, Wieslaw
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Biomolecules (q-bio.BM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Ligand diffusion through proteins is a fundamental process governing biological signaling and enzymatic catalysis. The complex topology of protein tunnels results in difficulties with computing ligand escape pathways by standard molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. Here, two novel methods for searching of ligand exit pathways and cavity exploration are proposed: memory random acceleration MD (mRAMD), and memetic algorithms (MA). In mRAMD, finding exit pathways is based on a non-Markovian biasing that is introduced to optimize the unbinding force. In MA, hybrid learning protocols are exploited to predict optimal ligand exit paths. The methods are tested on three proteins with increasing complexity of tunnels: M2 muscarinic receptor, nitrile hydratase, and cytochrome P450cam. In these cases, the proposed methods outperform standard techniques that are used currently to find ligand egress pathways. The proposed approach is general and appropriate for accelerated transport of an object through a network of protein tunnels.
Jacobian-free explicit multiderivative Runge-Kutta methods for hyperbolic conservation laws
Creators: name: Chouchoulis, Jeremy
name: Schütz, Jochen
name: Zeifang, Jonas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 65M06, 65M08, 65M12, 35L65

description: Based on the recent development of Jacobian-free Lax-Wendroff (LW) approaches for solving hyperbolic conservation laws [Zorio, Baeza and Mulet, Journal of Scientific Computing 71:246-273, 2017], [Carrillo and Parés, Journal of Scientific Computing 80:1832-1866, 2019], a novel collection of explicit Jacobian-free multistage multiderivative solvers for hyperbolic conservation laws is presented in this work. In contrast to Taylor time-integration methods, multiderivative RungeKutta (MDRK) techniques achieve higher-order of consistency not only through the excessive addition of higher temporal derivatives, but also through the addition of Runge-Kutta-type stages. This adds more flexibility to the time integration in such a way that more stable and more efficient schemes could be identified. The novel method permits the practical application of MDRK schemes. In their original form, they are difficult to utilize as higher-order flux derivatives have to be computed analytically. Here we overcome this by adopting a Jacobian-free approximation of those derivatives. In this paper, we analyze the novel method with respect to order of consistency and stability. We show that the linear CFL number varies significantly with the number of derivatives used. Results are verified numerically on several representative testcases.
description: 26 pages
UniSAFE: University Of Novi Sad – institutional policy to address gender-based violence
Creators: name: Andreska, Zuzana
name: Huck, Averil
name: Linkova, Marcela
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Gender based-violence
policy framework
gender+
institutional policy

description: UniSAFE has mapped the policies and measures to address and combat GBV in 48 universities and research organisations in 15 European countries. For each institution, the team created Vignettes which present national context, institutional policy, training, role in knowledge production, content of the policy, institutional procedure and implementation of the policy.
Revised-Acridine-Thiosemicarbazones _NMR spectra and other from Novel acridine-based thiosemicarbazones as ‘turn-on' chemosensors for selective recognition of fluoride anion: aspectroscopic and theoretical study
Creators: name: Ibanga Okon Isaac
name: Iqra Munir
name: Al-Rashida, Mariya
name: Ali, Syed Abid
name: Shafiq, Zahid
name: Islam, Muhammad
name: Ludwig, Ralf
name: Ayub, Khurshid
name: Khan, Khalid Mohammed
name: Hameed, Abdul
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Organic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 30799 Theoretical and Computational Chemistry not elsewhere classified

description: DOI: https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.9nq2kc4/2
Strong solutions to McKean-Vlasov SDEs with coefficients of Nemytskii-type
Creators: name: Grube, Sebastian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60H10, 60G17, 35C99

description: We study a large class of McKean-Vlasov SDEs with drift and diffusion coefficient depending on the density of the solution's time marginal laws in a Nemytskii-type of way. A McKean-Vlasov SDE of this kind arises from the study of the associated nonlinear FPKE, for which is known that there exists a bounded Sobolev-regular Schwartz-distributional solution u. Via the superposition principle, it is already known that there exists a weak solution to the McKean-Vlasov SDE with time marginal densities u. We show that there exists a strong solution the McKean-Vlasov SDE, which is unique among weak solutions with time marginal densities u. The main tool is a restricted Yamada-Watanabe theorem for SDEs, which is obtained by an observation in the proof of the classic Yamada-Watanabe theorem.
description: 17 pages
An Integrative Model of Inter- and Intragenerational Preconception Processes Influencing Birthweight in the United States
Creators: name: Kane, Jennifer B.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: Social inequalities in birth weight are an important population health concern as low birth weight is one mechanism through which inequalities are reproduced across generations. Yet we don’t understand what causes adverse birth outcomes. This study draws together theoretic and empiric findings from disparate disciplines—sociology, economics, public health, and behavior genetics—to develop a new integrative intra- and inter-generational model of preconception processes influencing birth weight. This model is empirically tested using structural equation modeling and population-level data containing linked mother-daughter pairs from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth (NLSY79) and the Children of the NLSY79 (N=1,580 mother-daughter pairs). Results reveal that birth weight is shaped by preconception factors dating back to women’s early life experiences as well as conditions dating back three generations, via integrative intra- and inter-generational processes. These processes reveal specific mechanisms through which social inequality can transmit from mothers to children via birth weight.
Long-Range Superconducting Proximity Effect in Nickel Nanowires
Creators: name: Jiang, Jue
name: Zhao, Weiwei
name: Wang, Fei
name: Du, Renzhong
name: Miao, Ludi
name: Wang, Ke
name: Li, Qi
name: Chang, Cui-Zu
name: Chan, Moses H. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: When a ferromagnet is placed in contact with a superconductor, owing to incompatible spin order, the Cooper pairs from the superconductor cannot survive more than one or two nanometers inside the ferromagnet. This is confirmed in the measurements of ferromagnetic nickel (Ni) nanowires contacted by superconducting niobium (Nb) leads. However, when a 3 nm thick copper oxide (CuO) buffer layer made by exposing an evaporated or a sputtered 3 nm Cu film to air, is inserted between the Nb electrodes and the Ni wire, the spatial extent of the superconducting proximity range is dramatically increased from 2 to a few tens of nanometers. Scanning transmission electron microscope study confirms the formation of a 3 nm thick CuO layer when an evaporated Cu film is exposed to air. Magnetization measurements of such a 3 nm CuO film on a SiO2/Si substrate and on Nb/SiO2/Si show clear evidence of ferromagnetism. One way to understand the long-range proximity effect in the Ni nanowire is that the CuO buffer layer with ferromagnetism facilitates the conversion of singlet superconductivity in Nb into triplet supercurrent along the Ni nanowires.
description: 23 pages, 4 figures, 2 tables. Comments are welcome
Supplementary Tables and Figures from Artificial light at night decreases metamorphic duration and increases juvenile growth in a widespread amphibian.
Creators: name: Dananay, Kacey L.
name: Benard, Michael F.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Artificial light at night (ALAN) affects over 20% of the earth's surface and is estimated to increase 6% per year. Most studies of ALAN have focused on a single mechanism or life-stage. We tested for indirect and direct ALAN effects that occurred by altering American toads' (Anaxyrus americanus) ecological interactions or by altering toad development and growth, respectively. We conducted an experiment over two life-stages using outdoor mesocosms and indoor terraria. In the first phase, the presence of ALAN reduced metamorphic duration and periphyton biomass. The effects of ALAN appeared to be mediated through direct effects on toad development, and we found no evidence for indirect effects of ALAN acting through altered ecological interactions or colonization. In the second phase, post-metamorphic toad growth was reduced by 15% in the ALAN treatment. Juvenile-stage ALAN also affected toad activity: in natural light, toads retreated into leaf litter at night whereas ALAN toads did not change behaviour. Carry-over effects of ALAN were also present; juvenile toads that had been exposed to larval ALAN exhibited marginally increased activity. In this time frame and system, our experiments suggested ALAN's effects act primarily through direct effects, rather than indirect effects, and can persist across life-stages.
Effects of Ads from a Drug and Alcohol Prevention Campaign on Willingness to Engage in Alcohol-Related Risky Behaviors
Creators: name: Slater, Michael D.
name: Comello, Maria Leonora G.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: Behavioral willingness is conceptualized as a pathway to behavior that is non-deliberative, yet traditional measures require thoughtful deliberation to complete. This study explored non-deliberative measures of alcohol-related willingness to complement recent work on marijuana-related willingness. The study also examined whether ads from a field-tested drug-and-alcohol prevention campaign may have operated by influencing alcohol-related willingness. Participants viewed campaign ads or consumer ads (control). Outcomes were reaction times to make speeded judgments about whether one would engage in risky alcohol-related behaviors. Results showed that campaign ads lowered willingness to play drinking games and (for males) to drive while intoxicated.
(400499) Isabella Grant
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Social correlates of distress following hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: Exploring the role of loneliness and cognitive processing
Creators: name: Valdimarsdottir, Heiddis
name: Isola, Luis
name: Austin, Jane
name: Redd, William H
name: Wu, Lisa
name: Lepore, Stephen J
name: Rini, Christine
name: Mosher, Catherine E
name: Rowley, Scott
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: This study investigated whether loneliness and cognitive processing explain the influence of negative (social constraints) and positive (emotional support) relationship qualities on cancer survivors’ distress. Participants were 195 cancer survivors who had undergone hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Path analysis supported the hypothesis that loneliness and cognitive processing would mediate the association between social constraints and distress. Only loneliness mediated the association between emotional support and distress—an indirect effect significant only when support came from family and friends rather than a partner. Findings suggest that addressing social constraints may enhance cancer survivors’ adjustment.
When do condom use intentions lead to actions? Examining the role of sexual communication on safer sexual behavior among people living with HIV
Creators: name: Widman, Laura
name: Noar, Seth M
name: Golin, Carol E
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: This study investigated the moderating role of sexual communication in the association between intentions to use condoms and unprotected sex in a sample of 358 individuals living with HIV (233 men, 125 women, M age = 43). Longitudinal analyses revealed a significant interaction between condom intentions and sexual communication: individuals who were high in both condom intentions and safer sex communication engaged in less unprotected sex with all partners and with partners of HIV negative or unknown serostatus over 6 months of follow-up. Among individuals low in communication, intentions were not associated with unprotected sex. Implications for interventions are discussed.
A Bayesian method for the synthesis of evidence from qualitative and quantitative reports: The example of antiretroviral medication adherence
Creators: name: Lee, Eunjeong
name: Sandelowski, Margarete
name: Voils, Corrine
name: Chang, Yunkyung
name: Hassselblad, Vic
name: Crandell, Jamie
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: Bayesian meta-analysis is a frequently cited but very little-used method for synthesizing qualitative and quantitative research findings. The only example published to date used qualitative data to generate an informative prior probability and quantitative data to generate the likelihood. We developed a method to incorporate both qualitative and quantitative evidence in the likelihood in a Bayesian synthesis of evidence about the relationship between regimen complexity and medication adherence.
Development of DNA Damage Response Signaling Biomarkers using Automated, Quantitative Image Analysis
Creators: name: Zhou, Yingchun
name: Midkiff, Bentley
name: Kaufmann, William K.
name: Miller, C. Ryan
name: Olorvida, Mark
name: Thomas, Nancy E.
name: Shields, Janiel M.
name: Omolo, Bernard
name: Nikolaishvilli-Feinberg, Nana
name: Groben, Pamela A.
name: Ibrahim, Joseph G.
name: Cohen, Stephanie M.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: The DNA damage response (DDR) coordinates DNA repair with cell cycle checkpoints to ameliorate or mitigate the pathological effects of DNA damage. Automated quantitative analysis (AQUA) and Tissue Studio are commercial technologies that use digitized immunofluorescence microscopy images to quantify antigen expression in defined tissue compartments. Because DDR is commonly activated in cancer and may reflect genetic instability within the lesion, a method to quantify DDR in cancer offers potential diagnostic and/or prognostic value. In this study, both AQUA and Tissue Studio algorithms were used to quantify the DDR in radiation-damaged skin fibroblasts, melanoma cell lines, moles, and primary and metastatic melanomas. Digital image analysis results for three markers of DDR (γH2AX, P-ATM, P-Chk2) correlated with immunoblot data for irradiated fibroblasts, whereas only γH2AX and P-Chk2 correlated with immunoblot data in melanoma cell lines. Melanoma cell lines displayed substantial variation in γH2AX and P-Chk2 expression, and P-Chk2 expression was significantly correlated with radioresistance. Moles, primary melanomas, and melanoma metastases in brain, lung and liver displayed substantial variation in γH2AX expression, similar to that observed in melanoma cell lines. Automated digital analysis of immunofluorescent images stained for DDR biomarkers may be useful for predicting tumor response to radiation and chemotherapy.
“In piena luce, in piena ombra” A dialogo con Franco Branciaroli
Creators: name: Branciaroli, Franco; Vescovo, Piermario
Publisher: name: La Rivista di Engramma
Year: 2024
Subjects: Giovanni Testori
Franco Branciaroli
In exitu

description: In the centenary year of Giovanni Testori’s birth, a conversation between Piermario Vescovo and Franco Branciaroli was held at the Teatro Nuovo in Verona on 8 November 2023. The public meeting, in the foyer of the theatre, was entitled “In piena luce, in piena ombra. Branciatrilogia prima e seconda” and the title was taken from a 1988 handwritten note by Testori himself. The meeting (the video of which is available at thin link) was an opportunity to reconstruct the relationship between Branciaroli and Testori, in particular for the creation of that extraordinary 'cult' text that is “In exitu”.
Supplementary Tables and Figures from Artificial light at night decreases metamorphic duration and increases juvenile growth in a widespread amphibian
Creators: name: Dananay, Kacey L.
name: Benard, Michael F.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Artificial light at night (ALAN) affects over 20% of the earth's surface and is estimated to increase 6% per year. Most studies of ALAN have focused on a single mechanism or life-stage. We tested for indirect and direct ALAN effects that occurred by altering American toads' (Anaxyrus americanus) ecological interactions or by altering toad development and growth, respectively. We conducted an experiment over two life-stages using outdoor mesocosms and indoor terraria. In the first phase, the presence of ALAN reduced metamorphic duration and periphyton biomass. The effects of ALAN appeared to be mediated through direct effects on toad development, and we found no evidence for indirect effects of ALAN acting through altered ecological interactions or colonization. In the second phase, post-metamorphic toad growth was reduced by 15% in the ALAN treatment. Juvenile-stage ALAN also affected toad activity: in natural light, toads retreated into leaf litter at night whereas ALAN toads did not change behaviour. Carry-over effects of ALAN were also present; juvenile toads that had been exposed to larval ALAN exhibited marginally increased activity. In this time frame and system, our experiments suggested ALAN's effects act primarily through direct effects, rather than indirect effects, and can persist across life-stages.
(400500) David Stewart
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Plagiarism Detection in Polyphonic Music using Monaural Signal Separation
Creators: name: De, Soham
name: Roy, Indradyumna
name: Prabhakar, Tarunima
name: Suneja, Kriti
name: Chaudhuri, Sourish
name: Singh, Rita
name: Raj, Bhiksha
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Sound (cs.SD)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Multimedia (cs.MM)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Given the large number of new musical tracks released each year, automated approaches to plagiarism detection are essential to help us track potential violations of copyright. Most current approaches to plagiarism detection are based on musical similarity measures, which typically ignore the issue of polyphony in music. We present a novel feature space for audio derived from compositional modelling techniques, commonly used in signal separation, that provides a mechanism to account for polyphony without incurring an inordinate amount of computational overhead. We employ this feature representation in conjunction with traditional audio feature representations in a classification framework which uses an ensemble of distance features to characterize pairs of songs as being plagiarized or not. Our experiments on a database of about 3000 musical track pairs show that the new feature space characterization produces significant improvements over standard baselines.
description: Preprint version
UniSAFE: University Of Deusto – institutional policy to address gender-based violence
Creators: name: Andreska, Zuzana
name: Huck, Averil
name: Linkova, Marcela
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Gender based-violence
policy framework
gender+
institutional policy

description: UniSAFE has mapped the policies and measures to address and combat GBV in 48 universities and research organisations in 15 European countries. For each institution, the team created Vignettes which present national context, institutional policy, training, role in knowledge production, content of the policy, institutional procedure and implementation of the policy.
Supplementary Materials from The lingering impact of stress: brief acute glucocorticoid exposure has sustained, dose-dependent effects on reproduction.
Creators: name: Vitousek, Maren N.
name: Taff, Conor C.
name: Ardia, Daniel R.
name: Stedman, Jocelyn M.
name: Zimmer, Cedric
name: Salzman, Timothy C.
name: Winkler, David W.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 60801 Animal Behaviour

description: Acutely stressful experiences can have profound and persistent effects on phenotype. Across taxa, individuals differ remarkably in their susceptibility to stress. However, the mechanistic causes of enduring stress effects, and of individual differences in stress susceptibility, are poorly understood. Here, we tested whether brief, acute increases in glucocorticoid hormones have persistent effects on phenotype, and whether effects differ according to the magnitude or duration of elevation. We used a novel method to non-invasively manipulate hormone levels on short time scales: the application of corticosterone gel to a model egg secured in the nest. Free-living female tree swallows (Tachycineta bicolor) exposed to several brief corticosterone increases during incubation showed dose-dependent differences in behaviour throughout the reproductive period. Birds receiving treatments that simulated higher or longer acute stress responses later provisioned larger broods at lower rates; the resulting offspring were smaller in size. Treatment did not influence female body condition, oxidative stress, reproductive success or inter-annual survival, but exposed females maintained higher baseline corticosterone after treatments ceased. Overall, these results indicate that brief, acute elevations in glucocorticoids in adulthood can have long-term consequences. Furthermore, individuals that mount a greater or longer acute stress response may be more likely to experience lingering effects of stress.
A Decentralized Primal-Dual Framework for Non-convex Smooth Consensus Optimization
Creators: name: Mancino-Ball, Gabriel
name: Xu, Yangyang
name: Chen, Jie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 90C26

description: In this work, we introduce ADAPD, $\textbf{A}$ $\textbf{D}$ecentr$\textbf{A}$lized $\textbf{P}$rimal-$\textbf{D}$ual algorithmic framework for solving non-convex and smooth consensus optimization problems over a network of distributed agents. The proposed framework relies on a novel problem formulation that elicits ADMM-type updates, where each agent first inexactly solves a local strongly convex subproblem with any method of its choice and then performs a neighbor communication to update a set of dual variables. We present two variants that allow for a single gradient step for the primal updates or multiple communications for the dual updates, to exploit the tradeoff between the per-iteration cost and the number of iterations. When multiple communications are performed, ADAPD can achieve theoretically optimal communication complexity results for non-convex and smooth consensus problems. Numerical experiments on several applications, including a deep-learning one, demonstrate the superiority of ADAPD over several popularly used decentralized methods.
description: IEEE TSP
Ultrasound in the diagnosis and management of pleural effusions
Creators: name: Dancel, Ria
name: Schnobrich, Daniel
name: Restrepo, Marcos I.
name: Soni, Nilam J.
name: Franco, Ricardo
name: Velez, Maria I.
name: Mayo, Paul H.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: We review the literature on the use of point-of-care ultrasound to evaluate and manage pleural effusions. Point-of-care ultrasound is more sensitive than physical exam and chest radiography to detect pleural effusions, and avoids many negative aspects of computerized tomography. Additionally, point-of-care ultrasound can assess pleural fluid volume and character, revealing possible underlying pathologies and guiding management. Thoracentesis performed with ultrasound guidance has lower risk of pneumothorax and bleeding complications. Future research should focus on the clinical effectiveness of point-of-care ultrasound in the routine management of pleural effusions and how new technologies may expand its clinical utility.
FM stars II: a Fourier view of pulsating binary stars -- determining binary orbital parameters photometrically for highly eccentric cases
Creators: name: Shibahashi, Hiromoto
name: Kurtz, Donald W.
name: Murphy, Simon J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Continuous and precise space-based photometry has made it possible to measure the orbital frequency modulation of pulsating stars in binary systems with extremely high precision over long time spans. Frequency modulation caused by binary orbital motion manifests itself as a multiplet with equal spacing of the orbital frequency in the Fourier transform. The amplitudes and phases of the peaks in these multiplets reflect the orbital properties, hence the orbital parameters can be extracted by analysing such precise photometric data alone. We derive analytically the theoretical relations between the multiplet properties and the orbital parameters, and present a method for determining these parameters, including the eccentricity and the argument of periapsis, from a quintuplet or a higher order multiplet. This is achievable with the photometry alone, without spectroscopic radial velocity measurements. We apply this method to Kepler mission data of KIC8264492, KIC9651065, and KIC10990452, each of which is shown to have an eccentricity exceeding 0.5. Radial velocity curves are also derived from the Kepler photometric data. We demonstrate that the results are in good agreement with those obtained by another technique based on the analysis of the pulsation phases.
description: 18 pages, 14 figures, 9 tables, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Depressive Symptoms during Pregnancy and the Concentration of Fatty Acids in Breast Milk
Creators: name: Dole, Nancy
name: Scheidt, Peter C.
name: Daniels, Julie L.
name: Keim, Sarah A.
name: Siega-Riz, Anna Maria
name: Herring, Amy H.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: The aim of the present study was to examine the association between depressive symptoms in pregnancy and the concentration of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFAs) in breast milk. Women (n =287) enrolled in the Pregnancy, Infection, and Nutrition Study completed the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale in pregnancy (<20 and 24–29 weeks) and had LCPUFAs measured in breast milk (4 months postpartum). Multiple linear regression was used to examine associations between depressive symptoms and breast milk LCPUFAs. Increasing depressive symptoms at <20 weeks were associated with lower docosahexaenoic acid concentrations (adjusted β=−1.15, 95% confidence interval =−2.12, −0.19). No similar associations were observed with other fatty acids nor between symptoms at 24–29 weeks and LCPUFAs. Depressive symptoms, even in the subclinical range, early in pregnancy are inversely associated with breast milk docosahexaenoic acid. This may have implications for the timing of screening and interventions for perinatal depression and the nutritional value of breast milk.
The MLP Distribution: A Modified Lognormal Power-Law Model for the Stellar Initial Mass Function
Creators: name: Basu, Shantanu
name: Gil, M.
name: Auddy, Sayantan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This work explores the mathematical properties of a distribution introduced by Basu & Jones (2004), and applies it to model the stellar initial mass function (IMF). The distribution arises simply from an initial lognormal distribution, requiring that each object in it subsequently undergoes exponential growth but with an exponential distribution of growth lifetimes. This leads to a modified lognormal with a power-law tail (MLP) distribution, which can in fact be applied to a wide range of fields where distributions are observed to have a lognormal-like body and a power-law tail. We derive important properties of the MLP distribution, like the cumulative distribution, the mean, variance, arbitrary raw moments, and a random number generator. These analytic properties of the distribution can be used to facilitate application to modeling the IMF. We demonstrate how the MLP function provides an excellent fit to the IMF compiled by Chabrier (2005) and how this fit can be used to quickly identify quantities like the mean, median, and mode, as well as number and mass fractions in different mass intervals.
description: 9 pages, 6 figures, to appear in MNRAS
(400497) Isabella Hill
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Supplementary Materials from The lingering impact of stress: brief acute glucocorticoid exposure has sustained, dose-dependent effects on reproduction
Creators: name: Vitousek, Maren N.
name: Taff, Conor C.
name: Ardia, Daniel R.
name: Stedman, Jocelyn M.
name: Zimmer, Cedric
name: Salzman, Timothy C.
name: Winkler, David W.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 60801 Animal Behaviour

description: Acutely stressful experiences can have profound and persistent effects on phenotype. Across taxa, individuals differ remarkably in their susceptibility to stress. However, the mechanistic causes of enduring stress effects, and of individual differences in stress susceptibility, are poorly understood. Here, we tested whether brief, acute increases in glucocorticoid hormones have persistent effects on phenotype, and whether effects differ according to the magnitude or duration of elevation. We used a novel method to non-invasively manipulate hormone levels on short time scales: the application of corticosterone gel to a model egg secured in the nest. Free-living female tree swallows (Tachycineta bicolor) exposed to several brief corticosterone increases during incubation showed dose-dependent differences in behaviour throughout the reproductive period. Birds receiving treatments that simulated higher or longer acute stress responses later provisioned larger broods at lower rates; the resulting offspring were smaller in size. Treatment did not influence female body condition, oxidative stress, reproductive success or inter-annual survival, but exposed females maintained higher baseline corticosterone after treatments ceased. Overall, these results indicate that brief, acute elevations in glucocorticoids in adulthood can have long-term consequences. Furthermore, individuals that mount a greater or longer acute stress response may be more likely to experience lingering effects of stress.
Universal expressions of population change by the Price equation: natural selection, information, and maximum entropy production
Creators: name: Frank, Steven A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: The Price equation shows the unity between the fundamental expressions of change in biology, in information and entropy descriptions of populations, and in aspects of thermodynamics. The Price equation partitions the change in the average value of a metric between two populations. A population may be composed of organisms or particles or any members of a set to which we can assign probabilities. A metric may be biological fitness or physical energy or the output of an arbitrarily complicated function that assigns quantitative values to members of the population. The first part of the Price equation describes how directly applied forces change the probabilities assigned to members of the population when holding constant the metrical values of the members---a fixed metrical frame of reference. The second part describes how the metrical values change, altering the metrical frame of reference. In canonical examples, the direct forces balance the changing metrical frame of reference, leaving the average or total metrical values unchanged. In biology, relative reproductive success (fitness) remains invariant as a simple consequence of the conservation of total probability. In physics, systems often conserve total energy. Nonconservative metrics can be described by starting with conserved metrics, and then studying how coordinate transformations between conserved and nonconserved metrics alter the geometry of the dynamics and the aggregate values of populations. From this abstract perspective, key results from different subjects appear more simply as universal geometric principles for the dynamics of populations subject to the constraints of particular conserved quantities
description: v2: Complete rewrite, new title and abstract. Changed focus to Price equation as basis for universal expression of changes in populations. v3: Cleaned up usage of terms virtual and reversible displacements and virtual work and usage of d'Alembert's principle. v4: minor editing and corrections
Maestro no Intervista a Giovanni Testori di Antonio Ria
Creators: name: Testori, Giovanni; Ria, Antonio
Publisher: name: La Rivista di Engramma
Year: 2024
Subjects: Giovanni Testori
Antonio Ria
In exitu
Droga
Teatro
Franco Branciaroli

description: We republish the interview with Giovanni Testori conducted by Antonio Ria in the winter of the debut of the show “In exitu”, while it was on the bill at Milan's Out Off theatre. It is an interview that records live from those days the reactions of spectators and public opinion, and explains the motivations - far from being linked to literary or artistic interests - that led to the birth of the novel and then the play with Franco Branciaroli and Giovanni Testori himself on stage.
Imaging of Nuclear Magnetic Resonance spin-lattice relaxation activation energy in cartilage: Supplementary Information.
Creators: name: R. J. Foster
name: R. A. Damion
name: M. E. Ries
name: S. W. Smye
name: D. G. McGonagle
name: D. A. Binks
name: A. Radjenovic
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 90301 Biomaterials
subject: FOS: Medical engineering
subject: 30399 Macromolecular and Materials Chemistry not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 29903 Medical Physics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Additional sample and imaging details, and data for further samples imaged.
Imaging of Nuclear Magnetic Resonance spin-lattice relaxation activation energy in cartilage: Supplementary Information
Creators: name: R. J. Foster
name: R. A. Damion
name: M. E. Ries
name: S. W. Smye
name: D. G. McGonagle
name: D. A. Binks
name: A. Radjenovic
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 90301 Biomaterials
subject: FOS: Medical engineering
subject: 30399 Macromolecular and Materials Chemistry not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 29903 Medical Physics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Additional sample and imaging details, and data for further samples imaged.
(400494) James Gemmell
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
(400495) John Nicoll Gemmell
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
A Simple Approach to Automated Spectral Clustering
Creators: name: Fan, Jicong
name: Tu, Yiheng
name: Zhang, Zhao
name: Zhao, Mingbo
name: Zhang, Haijun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The performance of spectral clustering heavily relies on the quality of affinity matrix. A variety of affinity-matrix-construction (AMC) methods have been proposed but they have hyperparameters to determine beforehand, which requires strong experience and leads to difficulty in real applications, especially when the inter-cluster similarity is high and/or the dataset is large. In addition, we often need to choose different AMC methods for different datasets, which still depends on experience. To solve these two challenging problems, in this paper, we present a simple yet effective method for automated spectral clustering. First, we propose to find the most reliable affinity matrix via grid search or Bayesian optimization among a set of candidates given by different AMC methods with different hyperparameters, where the reliability is quantified by the \textit{relative-eigen-gap} of graph Laplacian introduced in this paper. Second, we propose a fast and accurate AMC method based on least squares representation and thresholding and prove its effectiveness theoretically. Finally, we provide a large-scale extension for the automated spectral clustering method, of which the time complexity is linear with the number of data points. Extensive experiments of natural image clustering show that our method is more versatile, accurate, and efficient than baseline methods.
description: Accepted by NeurIPS 2022
TECHNOLOGY FOR SHAPING DESIGN COMPETENCE THROUGH ENGINEERING PEDAGOGY IN STUDENTS
Creators: name: Asrorova, Saodat
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: This article explores the intersection of technology and engineering pedagogy to foster design competence in students. It highlights the importance of equipping future engineers with the skills and mindset needed for effective problem-solving, innovation, and creativity. By leveraging digital tools and embracing interdisciplinary approaches, educators can create an environment that enhances students' design competence, preparing them for the challenges of a rapidly evolving technological landscape.
A Thesis Submitted to the School of Graduate Studies of Addis Ababa institute of Technology in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirement for the Degree of Masters of Science in Railway Mechanical Engineering
Creators: name: Abdulhakim, Seid
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2015

description: One of the most sensible issues in the railway industry is the impact on infrastructure of train

operations and the damage on vehicles provoked by the track conditions. These issues have a

significant impact on the life cycle costs of the railway networks. The study of vehicle-track

interaction is important in reducing the operation and maintenance costs, by increasing the life

cycle of both vehicles and tracks, and increasing the speed, safety and comfort indexes of the

railway systems
Postnatal Unit Bassinet Types When Rooming-In after Cesarean Birth: Implications for Breastfeeding and Infant Safety
Creators: name: Tully, Kristin P.
name: Ball, Helen L.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: Postnatal unit rooming-in promotes breastfeeding. Previous research indicates that side-cars (three-sided bassinets that lock onto the maternal bed-frame) faciliate breastfeeding after vaginal birth more than stand-alone bassinets (standard rooming-in). No study has previously investigated side-car bassinet use after cesarean, despite the constraints on maternal-infant interactions that are inherent in recovery from this birth mode.
(400496) James Grant
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Relative Bounded Cohomology for Groupoids
Creators: name: Blank, Matthias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 55N35 (Primary), 20L05, 18G60, 46M10 (Secondary)

description: We introduce bounded cohomology for (pairs of) groupoids and develop homological algebra to deal with it. We generalise results of Ivanov, Frigerio and Pagliantini to this setting and show that (under topological conditions) the bounded cohomology of a pair of topological spaces is isometrically isomorphic to the bounded cohomology of the pair of fundamental groupoids. Furthermore, we prove that bounded cohomology relative to an amenable groupoid is isometrically isomorphic to the bounded cohomology of the ambient groupoid.
description: 38 pages
A note on the Sagnac effect in general relativity as a Finslerian effect
Creators: name: Caponio, Erasmo
name: Masiello, Antonio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The geometry of the Sagnac effect in a stationary region of a spacetime is reviewed with the aim of emphasizing the role of asymmetry of a Finsler metric defined on a spacelike hypersurface associated to a stationary splitting and related to future-pointing null geodesics of the spacetime. We show also that an analogous asymmetry comes into play in the Sagnac effect for timelike geodesics.
description: AMSLaTeX, 6 pages; v3: a misprint in Eq. (3) and in the equation at the end of the paper corrected; these two corrections are not included in the published version
Applicability of the Nonverbal Learning Disability Paradigm for Children With 22q11.2 Deletion Syndrome
Creators: name: Ip, Edward H.
name: Harrell, Waverly
name: Schoch, Kelly
name: Hooper, Stephen R.
name: Kwapil, Thomas R.
name: Saldana, Santiago
name: Shashi, Vandana
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: Chromosome 22q11.2 deletion syndrome (22q11DS) is the most common microdeletion in humans. Nonverbal learning disability (NLD) has been used to describe the strengths and deficits of children with 22q11DS, but the applicability of the label for this population has seldom been systematically evaluated. The goal of the current study was to address how well the NLD diagnosis characterizes children and adolescents with 22q11DS. A total of 74 children and adolescents with 22q11DS were given neurocognitive, socioemotional, and academic assessments to measure aspects of NLD. Of the cohort, 20% met at least 7 of 9 assessed criteria for NLD; 25% showed verbal skills exceeding their nonverbal skills as assessed by an IQ test; and 24% showed the good rote verbal capacity commonly associated with NLD. Hypothesizing that if the entire cohort did not show consistent NLD characteristics, the descriptor might be more accurate for a distinct subgroup, the authors used latent class analysis to divide participants into three subgroups. However, the lines along which the groups broke out were more related to general functioning level than to NLD criteria. All three groups showed a heightened risk for psychiatric illness, highlighting the importance of careful mental health monitoring for all children with 22q11DS.