cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Additional file 7: of Genome-wide association study discovered favorable single nucleotide polymorphisms and candidate genes associated with ramet number in ramie (Boehmeria nivea L.)
Creators: name: Chen, Kunmei
name: Luan, Mingbao
name: Xiong, Heping
name: Chen, Ping
name: Chen, Jikang
name: Gao, Gang
name: Huang, Kunyong
name: Zhu, Aiguo
name: Yu, Chunming
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Virology

description: Results of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification using specific primers of significant single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in parents of the F1 hybrid progeny population. M denotes 100 bp DNA Ladder, the bands from bottom to the top represent 100, 200, 300, 400, 500, 600, 700, 800, 900, 1000, and 1500 bp, respectively. The numbers 1–20 represent Marker70439–41, Marker13742–63, Marker29152–60, Marker42663–35, Marker59771–76, Marker142939–43, Marker15847–131, Marker121162–120, Marker20170–64, Marker21174–109, Marker130175–63, Marker18389–39, Marker12702–125, Marker178103–63, Marker21112–51, Marker24814–129, Marker31623–105, Marker39027–122, Marker73630–112, and Marker38532–124, respectively. For each SNP marker, amplifications from left to right represent three female (Hejiangqingma) and two male (Zhongzhu NO.1) parents. (PDF 45 kb)
Primordial helium recombination III: Thomson scattering, isotope shifts, and cumulative results
Creators: name: Switzer, Eric R.
name: Hirata, Christopher M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Upcoming precision measurements of the temperature anisotropy of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) at high multipoles will need to be complemented by a more complete understanding of recombination, which determines the damping of anisotropies on these scales. This is the third in a series of papers describing an accurate theory of HeI and HeII recombination. Here we describe the effect of Thomson scattering, the $^3$He isotope shift, the contribution of rare decays, collisional processes, and peculiar motion. These effects are found to be negligible: Thomson and $^3$He scattering modify the free electron fraction $x_e$ at the level of several $\times 10^{-4}$. The uncertainty in the $2^3P^o-1^1S$ rate is significant, and for conservative estimates gives uncertainties in $x_e$ of order $10^{-3}$. We describe several convergence tests for the atomic level code and its inputs, derive an overall $C_\ell$ error budget, and relate shifts in $x_e(z)$ to the changes in $C_\ell$, which are at the level of 0.5% at $\ell =3000$. Finally, we summarize the main corrections developed thus far. The remaining uncertainty from known effects is $\sim 0.3%$ in $x_e$.
description: 19 pages, 15 figures, to be submitted to PRD
Retraction and Generalized Extension of Computing with Words
Creators: name: Cao, Yongzhi
name: Ying, Mingsheng
name: Chen, Guoqing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Fuzzy automata, whose input alphabet is a set of numbers or symbols, are a formal model of computing with values. Motivated by Zadeh's paradigm of computing with words rather than numbers, Ying proposed a kind of fuzzy automata, whose input alphabet consists of all fuzzy subsets of a set of symbols, as a formal model of computing with all words. In this paper, we introduce a somewhat general formal model of computing with (some special) words. The new features of the model are that the input alphabet only comprises some (not necessarily all) fuzzy subsets of a set of symbols and the fuzzy transition function can be specified arbitrarily. By employing the methodology of fuzzy control, we establish a retraction principle from computing with words to computing with values for handling crisp inputs and a generalized extension principle from computing with words to computing with all words for handling fuzzy inputs. These principles show that computing with values and computing with all words can be respectively implemented by computing with words. Some algebraic properties of retractions and generalized extensions are addressed as well.
description: 13 double column pages; 3 figures; to be published in the IEEE Transactions on Fuzzy Systems
Παρασκευή καλλυντικών κρεμών από βιολογικά καρότα, άγρια καστανιά και χαμομήλι σε διάφορα λάδια και μελέτη των ιδιοτήτων τους
Creators: name: Πάσχου, Μερόπη Γεωργίου
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2020
Subjects: Φυτικά Καλλυντικά
Λάδια
Φυτικές Δρόγες
Natural Cosmetics
Oils
Herbal Substances

description: Είναι γεγονός πως τα τελευταία χρόνια παρατηρείται μια έντονη στροφή σε ότι έχει να κάνει με τα φυσικά προϊόντα τα οποία εισβάλλουν ολοένα και περισσότερο στη ζωή μας, υποσχόμενα μια πιο αγνή και φυσική σχέση. Έτσι και ο κλάδος προϊόντων προσωπικής περιποίησης έχει στραφεί στην παραγωγή προϊόντων με φυσικά συστατικά αλλά και σε προϊόντα που περιέχουν όσο το δυνατόν λιγότερες τεχνητές και χημικές ουσίες. Στόχος λοιπόν της παρούσας διπλωματικής εργασίας ήταν η παρασκευή φυσικών καλλυντικών κρεμών χρησιμοποιώντας τρεις διαφορετικές δρόγες : το βιολογικό καρότο, την άγρια καστανιά και το χαμομήλι, τα οποία άλλωστε έχουν χρησιμοποιηθεί στην διατήρηση και ενίσχυση της ανθρώπινης ομορφιάς από αμνημονεύτων χρόνων. Βασική ειδοποιός διαφορά αυτών των κρεμών αποτελεί η ελαιώδης φάση η οποία διαφέρει σε καθεμιά από αυτές. Συγκεκριμένα παρασκευάστηκαν κρέμες με βάση τις πρώτες ύλες αλλά και τα εκχυλίσματα που παρασκευάστηκαν με την τεχνική εκχύλισης εν ψυχρώ σε ηλιέλαιο. Στην συνέχεια πραγματοποιήθηκαν διάφορες μετρήσεις τόσο της σταθερότητας αυτών (pH, ιξώδες) όσο και του δείκτη αντηλιακής προστασίας (SPF), της αντιοξειδωτικής ικανότητας καθώς και της μέτρησης του χρώματος των παραγόμενων εκχυλισμάτων. Στόχος ήταν να καταλήξουμε στο ποιο από τα τρία αυτά βότανα αποδίδει στο μέγιστο τα δραστικά του συστατικά και συνεπώς συμβάλλει στην παρασκευή αγνής κρέμας με ενισχυμένες και ευεργετικές ιδιότητες.
description: It is a fact that in recent years there has been a sharp shift in what has to do with natural products which are increasingly invading our lives, promising a purer and more natural relationship. Thus, the personal care products industry has turned to the production of products with natural ingredients but also to products that contain as few artificial and chemical substances as possible.The aim of this dissertation was the preparation of natural cosmetic creams using three different drugs: organic carrot, wild chestnut and chamomile, which have been used to preserve and enhance human beauty from time immemorial. The main noticeable difference of these creams is the oily phase which differs in each of them. Specifically, creams were prepared based on the raw materials and the extracts prepared by the cold extraction technique in sunflower oil. Various measurements were then made of both their stability (pH, viscosity) and the sun protection index (SPF), the antioxidant capacity as well as the color measurement of the produced extracts. The aim was to find out which of these three herbs gives the maximum of its active ingredients and therefore contributes to the preparation of pure cream with enhanced and beneficial properties.
Into the heartland of the ordinary
Creators: name: Blake, Miriam J.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2008

description: The thesis examines various theoretical framings of the relation between the ordinary and the extraordinary in Western thought and art. In particular, it examines the ambivalence of theorizing with respect to its own extraordinary character, i.e. its acknowledgement of the implications of theorizing for mundane social life. Descartes is treated as a pivotal figure in that he attempted the formulation of a Method which would liberate thought from the grasp of habit and tradition, while at the same time advocating an allegiance to the 'customs of the country'. Amongst contemporaries, the cultural critic Slavoj Zizek and the ethnomethodologist Harvey Sacks are treated as resources for alternative formulations of the collective interest in the relations between the ordinary and the extraordinary. Zizek's injunction to "look awry" at the habitual and the commonplace is understood as interventionist, since it calls for a radical shift in our relations to the ordinary by recognizing the place of desire in mundane accounts of the lifeworld. Sacks, on the other hand, can be read as a theorist committed to "affirming the ordinary", to borrow Charles Taylor's phrase, in so far as his analysis of the ordinary segregates it from the artfulness of theorizing. Finally, employing the work of Jeff Wall and our contemporary ways of conceiving the house, the thesis looks at the relation between the ordinary and the beautiful as another site where the question of affirming the commonplace and acknowledging the extraordinary can be asked anew in the interests of a strong sociological conception of the nature of the ordinary.
A new estimate for the age of highly-siderophile element retention in the lunar mantle from late accretion
Creators: name: Brasser, R.
name: Mojzsis, S. J.
name: Werner, S. C.
name: Abramov, O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Subsequent to the Moon's formation, late accretion to the terrestrial planets strongly modified the physical and chemical nature of silicate crusts and mantles. This alteration came in the form of melting through impacts, as well as the belated addition of volatiles and the highly siderophile elements (HSEs). Current debate centres on whether the lunar HSE record is representative of its whole late accretion history or alternatively that these were only retained in the mantle and crust after a particular time, and if so, when. Here we employ improved Monte Carlo impact simulations of late accretion onto the Moon and Mars and present an updated chronology based on new dynamical simulations of leftover planetesimals and the E-belt. We take into account the inefficient retention of colliding material. We compute the crater and basin densities on the Moon and Mars, the largest objects to strike these planets and the amount of material they accreted. Outputs are used to infer the mass in leftover planetesimals at a particular time period, which is then compared to the lunar HSE abundance. From this estimate we calculate a preferred lunar HSE retention age of ca. 4450 Ma which means that the modelled lunar mantle HSE abundances trace almost all of lunar late accretion. Based on our results, the surface ages of the lunar highlands are at least 4370 Ma. We find that the mass of leftover planetesimals with diameters Di<300 km at 4500 Ma that best fits the crater chronology is approximately 2x10^{-3} Earth mass (ME) while the mass of the E-belt was fixed at 4.5x10^{-4} ME. We also find that a leftover planetesimal mass in excess of 0.01 ME results in a lunar HSE retention age younger than major episodes of lunar differentiation and crust formation, which in turn violates geochemical constraints for the timing and intensity of late accretion to the Earth (Mojzsis et al., 2019).
description: Accepted in Icarus after 5 rounds of review
Demonstration of deterministic and high fidelity squeezing of quantum information
Creators: name: Yoshikawa, Jun-ichi
name: Hayashi, Toshiki
name: Akiyama, Takayuki
name: Takei, Nobuyuki
name: Huck, Alexander
name: Andersen, Ulrik L.
name: Furusawa, Akira
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: By employing at recent proposal (R. Filip, P. Marek and U.L. Andersen, Phys. Rev. A {\bf 71}, 042308 (2005) \cite{Filip05.pra}), we experimentally demonstrate a universal, deterministic and high-fidelity squeezing transformation of an optical field. It relies only on linear optics, homodyne detection, feedforward and an ancillary squeezed vacuum state, thus direct interaction between a strong pump and the quantum state is circumvented. We demonstrate three different squeezing levels for a coherent state input. This scheme is highly suitable for the fault-tolerant squeezing transformation in a continuous variable quantum computer.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
Sensitive detection of metastable NO and \ce{N2} by reactive collisions with laser-excited Li
Creators: name: Guan, Jiwen
name: Sixt, Tobias
name: Dulitz, Katrin
name: Stienkemeier, Frank
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In a proof-of-principle experiment, we demonstrate that metastable nitric oxide molecules, NO(a$^4Π_i$), generated inside a pulsed, supersonic beam, can be detected by reactive gas-phase collisions with electronically excited Li atoms in the $2^2$P$_{3/2}$ state. Since the internal energy of NO(a$^4Π_i$, $v \leq 4$) is lower than the ionization potential of Li in the $2^2$S$_{1/2}$ electronic ground state, we observe that the product ion yield arising from autoionizing NO(a$^4Π_i$)+Li($2^2$S$_{1/2}$) collisions is a factor of 21 lower than the ion yield from NO(a$^4Π_i$)+Li($2^2$P$_{3/2}$) collisions. We also compare our findings with measurements of relative rates for collisions of metastable \ce{N2}+Li($2^2$S$_{1/2}$) and metastable \ce{N2}+Li($2^2$P$_{3/2}$) reactive collisions. Using this detection method, we infer densities of $\approx 600$ NO(a$^4Π_i$) molecules/cm$^3$ and $\approx 6 \cdot 10^{4}$ metastable \ce{N2} molecules/cm$^3$ in the interaction region. Our results also allow for an estimate of the fractional population of NO(a$^4Π_i$, $v \geq 5$) prior to the collision process. The production of NO(a$^4Π_i$) in selected vibrational states using laser excitation from the X$^2Π_r$ ground state will open possibilities for the detailed study of vibrational-state-selected NO(a$^4Π_i$)-Li($2^2$P$_{3/2}$) collisions.
description: 14 pages, 3 figures
On the extension of Newton's second law to theories of gravitation in curved space-time
Creators: name: Arminjon, Mayeul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the possibility of extending Newton's second law to the general framework of theories in which special relativity is locally valid, and in which gravitation changes the flat Galilean space-time metric into a curved metric. This framework is first recalled, underlining the possibility to uniquely define a space metric and a local time in any given reference frame, hence to define velocity and momentum in terms of the local space and time standards. It is shown that a unique consistent definition can be given for the derivative of a vector (the momentum) along a trajectory. Then the possible form of the gravitation force is investigated. It is shown that, if the motion of free particles has to follow space-time geodesics, then the expression for the gravity acceleration is determined uniquely. It depends on the variation of the metric with space and time, and it involves the velocity of the particle.
description: 32 pages
Stochastic Differential Games and Viscosity Solutions of Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman-Isaacs Equations
Creators: name: Buckdahn, Rainer
name: Li, Juan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Symplectic Geometry (math.SG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 93E05, 90C39

description: In this paper we study zero-sum two-player stochastic differential games with the help of theory of Backward Stochastic Differential Equations (BSDEs). At the one hand we generalize the results of the pioneer work of Fleming and Souganidis by considering cost functionals defined by controlled BSDEs and by allowing the admissible control processes to depend on events occurring before the beginning of the game (which implies that the cost functionals become random variables), on the other hand the application of BSDE methods, in particular that of the notion of stochastic "backward semigroups" introduced by Peng allows to prove a dynamic programming principle for the upper and the lower value functions of the game in a straight-forward way, without passing by additional approximations. The upper and the lower value functions are proved to be the unique viscosity solutions of the upper and the lower Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman-Isaacs equations, respectively. For this Peng's BSDE method is translated from the framework of stochastic control theory into that of stochastic differential games.
description: The results were presented by Rainer Buckdahn at the "12th International Symposium on Dynamic Games and Applications" in Sophia-Antipolis (France) in June 2006; They were also reported by Juan Li at 2nd Workshop on "Stochastic Equations and Related Topics" in Jena (Germany) in July 2006 and at one seminar in the ETH of Zurich in November 2006
Supersingular genus-two curves over fields of characteristic three
Creators: name: Howe, Everett W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11G20 (Primary) 14G10, 14G15 (Secondary)

description: Let C be a supersingular genus-2 curve over an algebraically closed field of characteristic 3. We show that if C is not isomorphic to the curve y^2 = x^5 + 1 then up to isomorphism there are exactly 20 degree-3 maps phi from C to the elliptic curve E with j-invariant 0. We study the coarse moduli space of triples (C,E,phi), paying particular attention to questions of rationality. The results we obtain allow us to determine, for every finite field k of characteristic 3, the polynomials that occur as Weil polynomials of supersingular genus-2 curves over k.
description: 20 pages, LaTeX
Deep learning for predictive maintenance
Creators: name: Νάτσιου, Αναστασία Αθανασίου
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2020
Subjects: Βαθιά μάθηση
Προγνωστική συντήρηση
Νευρωνικά δίκτυα
Deep learning
Predictive maintenance
Neural networks

description: This master thesis analyses classic maintenance techniques indicat- ing their disadvantages and investigating whether predictive methods would be beneficial for this topic. A quick review into predictive al- gorithms reveals that deep learning models constitute state-of-the-art implementations for estimating the remaining useful life of a machin- ery. Therefore, the contribution of machine learning algorithms into different applications is examined and these models are further anal- ysed. In addition, the NASA’s turbofan data set is used for describ- ing the whole procedure of a predictive maintenance application. Ex- periments on this data set are conducted for the investigation of the most effective deep learning architecture as well as the most suitable hyperparameters for this implementation. As it is reported, the pre- processing techniques along with the number of time steps are the most significant parameters of the application and need to be tuned for achieving the best results.
description: Το θέμα αυτής της διπλωματικής εργασίας είναι η ανάλυση κλασικών τε- χνικών συντήρησης, η ανάδειξη των μειονεκτημάτων τους και η διερεύνηση προγνωστικών μεθόδων πάνω στον συγκεκριμένο τομέα. Μια γρήγορη α- νασκόπηση των προγνωστικών αλγορίθμων αποκαλύπτει ότι τα μοντέλα βαθιάς μάθησης αποτελούν αιχμές για την εκτίμηση της υπολειπόμενης ω- φέλιμης ζωής μιας μηχανής. Επομένως, στην παρούσα διπλωματική έρευνα, εξετάζεται η συμβολή των αλγορίθμων μηχανικής μάθησης μεταξύ διαφο- ρετικών εφαρμογών αναφέροντας επίσης μια εις βάθος ανάλυση των μο- ντέλων αυτών. Επιπλέον, το σύνολο δεδομένων για έλικες διπλής ροής της ΝΑΣΑ χρησιμοποιείται για την περιγραφή ολόκληρης της διαδικασίας μιας προγνωστικής εφαρμογής συντήρησης. Πειράματα σε αυτό το σύνολο δεδομένων διεξάγονται για τη διερεύνηση της πιο αποτελεσματικής αρχιτε- κτονικής βαθιάς μάθησης, καθώς και για την κατάλληλη παραμετροποίηση του μοντέλου για αυτήν την υλοποίηση. ́Οπως συμπεραίνεται μέσω αυτών των πειραμάτων, οι τεχνικές προεπεξεργασίας των δεδομένων μαζί με τον αριθμό των χρονικών βημάτων είναι οι πιο σημαντικές παράμετροι της ε- φαρμογής και πρέπει να ρυθμιστούν από την αρχή για την επίτευξη των βέλτιστων αποτελεσμάτων.
Bunch Expansion as a cause for Pulsar Radio Emissions
Creators: name: Benáček, Jan
name: Muñoz, Patricio A.
name: Büchner, Jörg
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Electromagnetic waves due to electron-positron clouds (bunches), created by cascading processes in pulsar magnetospheres, have been proposed to explain the pulsar radio emission. In order to verify this hypothesis, we utilized for the first time Particle-in-Cell (PIC-) code simulations to study the nonlinear evolution of electron-positron bunches in dependence on the relative drift speeds of electrons and positrons, on the initial plasma temperature, and on the initial distance between the bunches. For this sake, we utilized the PIC-code ACRONYM with a high-order field solver and particle weighting factor, appropriate to describe relativistic pair plasmas. We found that the bunch expansion is mainly determined by the relative electron-positron drift speed. Finite drift speeds were found to cause the generation of strong electric fields that reach up to $E \sim 7.5 \times 10^{5}$ V/cm ($E / (m_\mathrm{e} c ω_\mathrm{p} e^{-1}) \sim 4.4$) and strong plasma heating. As a result, up to 15~\% of the initial kinetic energy is transformed into the electric field energy. Assuming the same electron- and positron-distributions we found that the fastest (in the bunch reference frame) particles of consecutively emitted bunches eventually overlap in the momentum (velocity) space. This overlap causes two-stream instabilities that generate (electrostatic) subluminal L-mode waves with electric field amplitudes reaching up to $E \sim 1.9\times 10^{4}$ V/cm ($E / (m_\mathrm{e} c ω_\mathrm{p} e^{-1}) \sim 0.11$). We found that the interaction of electron-position bunches leads to plasma heating, to the generation of strong electric fields and of intense superluminal L-mode waves which, in principle, can be behind the observed electromagnetic emissions of pulsars in the radio wave range.
description: 18 pages, 13 figures
Additional file 6 of Genomic epidemiology of the Los Angeles COVID-19 outbreak and the early history of the B.1.43 strain in the USA
Creators: name: Guo, Longhua
name: Boocock, James
name: Hilt, Evann E.
name: Chandrasekaran, Sukantha
name: Zhang, Yi
name: Munugala, Chetan
name: Sathe, Laila
name: Alexander, Noah
name: Arboleda, Valerie A.
name: Flint, Jonathan
name: Eskin, Eleazar
name: Luo, Chongyuan
name: Yang, Shangxin
name: Garner, Omai B.
name: Yin, Yi
name: Bloom, Joshua S.
name: Kruglyak, Leonid
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Ecology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 6: Figure S1. Contrasting QC metrics between V-seq and meta-transcriptomics. A) Coverage of the SARS2-CoV-2 genome at >=3x compared to the cycling threshold (Ct). The horizontal line in black represents the cut-off for determining whether genomes passed quality-control. B) Proportion of reads mapping confidently to SARS-CoV-2 before removing PCR duplicates compared to the Ct. C) Read duplication rate for reads mapped to SARS-CoV-2 for both NEB and V-seq libraries. D) Proportion of reads mapping confidently to SARS-CoV-2 after removing PCR duplicates. Figure S2. Summary of samples collected for sequencing using both V-seq and NEB approaches. A) Histogram of collection dates colored by whether they were sequenced using NEB or V-seq methods. B) Histogram of collection dates colored by whether the genome passed QC. C) Ct values for genomes passing and not passing QC sequencing using NEB and V-seq. Figure S3. Collection dates of high-quality Los Angeles County SARS-CoV-2 genomes from UCLA Health. Figure S4. Multiple introductions of SARS-CoV-2 into LA county. A) Phylogenetic tree of 286 LA County SARS-CoV-2 together with 3,809 genomes sampled from across the world. Branches are colored according to the region of origin. Tip triangles (black) indicate the position of LA county sequences on the tree. In B) is the same tree with different annotations. We zoomed in and highlighted four regions (blue, orange, purple, and green) of the tree where a single introduction was related to a cluster containing LA County genomes indicating community transmission. Nodes shown with a red star indicate a LA County introduction related to a cluster with more than one LA County genome. The x-axis is in units of mutations away from the root (NC_045512). Figure S5. Phylogenetic tree of 247 B.1.43 and 987 other SARS-CoV-2 genomes from around the world built using Nextstrain. We have zoomed in on the clade containing all B.1.43 sequences and highlighted the tips according to the county of origin. 6 branches are labelled according to their ancestral mutation. The x-axis shows the sampling dates.
Enhanced photogalvanic effect in the two-dimensional MgCl$_2$/ZnBr$_2$ vertical heterojunction by inhomogenous tensile stress
Creators: name: Qian, Liyu
name: Zhao, Juan
name: Xie, Yiqun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The photogalvanic effect (PGE) occurring in noncentrosymmetric materials enables the generation of a dc photocurrent at zero bias with a high polarization sensitivity, which makes it very attractive in photodetection. However, the magnitude of the PGE photocurrent is usually small, leading to a low photoresponsivity, and therefore hampers its practical application in photodetection. Here, we propose an approach to largely enhancing the PGE photocurrent by applying an inhomogenous mechanical stretch, based on quantum transport simulations. We model a two-dimensional photodetector consisting of the wide-bandgap MgCl$_2$/ZnBr$_2$ vertical van der Waals heterojunction with the noncentrosymmetric $C_{3v}$ symmetry. Polarization-sensitive PGE photocurrent is generated under the vertical illumination of linearly polarized light. By applying inhomogenous mechanical stretch on the lattice, the photocurrent can be largely increased by up to 3 orders of magnitude due to the significantly increased device asymmetry. Our results propose an effective way to enhance the PGE by inhomogenous mechanical strain, showing the potential of the MgCl$_2$/ZnBr$_2$ vertical heterojunction in the low-power UV photodetection.
description: 6 pages, 6 figures
Optimal sampling strategies for multiscale stochastic processes
Creators: name: Ribeiro, Vinay J.
name: Riedi, Rudolf H.
name: Baraniuk, Richard G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 94A20, 62M30, 60G18 (Primary) 62H11, 62H12, 78M50 (Secondary)

description: In this paper, we determine which non-random sampling of fixed size gives the best linear predictor of the sum of a finite spatial population. We employ different multiscale superpopulation models and use the minimum mean-squared error as our optimality criterion. In multiscale superpopulation tree models, the leaves represent the units of the population, interior nodes represent partial sums of the population, and the root node represents the total sum of the population. We prove that the optimal sampling pattern varies dramatically with the correlation structure of the tree nodes. While uniform sampling is optimal for trees with ``positive correlation progression'', it provides the worst possible sampling with ``negative correlation progression.'' As an analysis tool, we introduce and study a class of independent innovations trees that are of interest in their own right. We derive a fast water-filling algorithm to determine the optimal sampling of the leaves to estimate the root of an independent innovations tree.
description: Published at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/074921706000000509 in the IMS Lecture Notes--Monograph Series (http://www.imstat.org/publications/lecnotes.htm) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
d-wave collapse and explosion of a dipolar Bose-Einstein condensate
Creators: name: Lahaye, Thierry
name: Metz, Jonas
name: Froehlich, Bernd
name: Koch, Tobias
name: Meister, Maximilian
name: Griesmaier, Axel
name: Pfau, Tilman
name: Saito, Hiroki
name: Kawaguchi, Yuki
name: Ueda, Masahito
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the collapse dynamics of a dipolar condensate of 52Cr atoms when the s-wave scattering length characterizing the contact interaction is reduced below a critical value. A complex dynamics, involving an anisotropic, d-wave symmetric explosion of the condensate, is observed. The atom number decreases abruptly during the collapse. We find good agreement between our experimental results and those of a numerical simulation of the three-dimensional Gross-Pitaevskii equation, including contact and dipolar interactions as well as three-body losses. The simulation indicates that the collapse induces the formation of two vortex rings with opposite circulations.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures
Experiences from Using LoRa and IEEE 802.15.4 for IoT-enabled Classrooms
Creators: name: Pocero, Lidia
name: Tsampas, Stelios
name: Mylonas, Georgios
name: Amaxilatis, Dimitrios
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Several networking technologies targeting the IoT application space currently compete within the smart city domain, both in outdoor and indoor deployments. However, up till now, there is no clear winner, and results from real-world deployments have only recently started to surface. In this paper, we present a comparative study of 2 popular IoT networking technologies, LoRa and IEEE 802.15.4, within the context of a research-oriented IoT deployment inside school buildings in Europe, targeting energy efficiency in education. We evaluate the actual performance of these two technologies in real-world settings, presenting a comparative study on the effect of parameters like the built environment, network quality, or data rate. Our results indicate that both technologies have their advantages, and while in certain cases both are perfectly adequate, in our use case LoRa exhibits a more robust behavior. Moreover, LoRa's characteristics make it a very good choice for indoor IoT deployments such as in educational buildings, and especially in cases where there are low bandwidth requirements.
description: Preprint version of the paper submitted to 2019 European Conference on Ambient Intelligence, 13-15 November 2019, Rome, Italy (AmI 2019). DOI:10.1007/978-3-030-34255-5_13
Μελέτες σύνθεσης πολυυδροξυαζετιδινών από παράγωγα αραβινοζών
Creators: name: Ζαρπετέας, Μάριος Γεωργίου
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2020
Subjects: Πολυυδροξυαζετιδίνες
Ιμινοσάκχαρα
Αναστολείς γλυκοσιδασών
Polyhydroxyazetidines
Iminosugars
Glycosidase inhibitory activity

description: Ο βασικός στόχος της παρούσας εργασίας ήταν η σύνθεση πολυυδροξυαζετιδινών, οι οποίες πιθανόν να δρουν ως αναστολείς των γλυκοσιδασών. Ως πρώτες ύλες χρησιμοποιήθηκαν παράγωγα της D-αραβινόζης. Στα πλαίσια σύνθεσης των ενώσεων-στόχων, οι προσπάθειες επικεντρώθηκαν στην ενδομοριακή αναγωγική αμίνωση, στην ενδομοριακή αμινογλυκοσυλίωση με τη χρήση οξέων Lewis και στην ενδομοριακή πυρηνόφιλη υποκατάσταση. Οι δύο πρώτες προσεγγίσεις δεν έδωσαν τα επιθυμητά αποτελέσματα, ενώ για την τρίτη επιτεύχθηκε η εισαγωγή καλών αποχωρουσών ομάδων σε κατάλληλο υπόστρωμα ώστε να μελετηθεί διεξοδικότερα στο μέλλον.
description: The main objective of the present work was the synthesis of polyhydroxylated azetidines, which may act as glycosidase inhibitors. Derivatives from D-arabinose were used as starting materials. Our efforts were focused in intramolecular reductive amination, Lewis acid catalyzed intramolecular aminoglycosylation reactions and intramolecular nucleophilic substitution. The first two approaches failed to give the desired results, whereas for the third one good leaving groups were introduced on a suitable substrate for further studies in the future.
title: Der Erweiterungs-Neubau (1928–1931) des Israelitischen Krankenhauses in Hamburg
Creators: name: Jenss, Harro
Publisher: name: Institut für die Geschichte der deutschen Juden
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Organisationen und Institutionen

description: Der Modellentwurf (Abb.) für den Erweiterungsbau des Israelitischen Krankenhauses (IK) in Hamburg spiegelte 1928 gleichsam Ergebnis und Höhepunkt einer höchst erfolgreichen Entwicklung seit der Einweihung des Krankenhauses 1843 wider. In der Gründungs- und Planungsphase seit 1839 hatte Salomon Heine neben der Hospitalkommission Ärzte zu Rate gezogen, die in Paris und London in Spitälern Erfahrungen gesammelt hatten, um für den Bau und das Krankenhauskonzept die neuesten Erkenntnisse der Medizin berücksichtigen zu können. So entstand ein für die damaligen Verhältnisse fortschrittlicher Krankenhausbau. 88 Jahre nach dessen Einweihung steht der Entwurf für die große Erweiterung des Krankenhauses für die Innovationsbereitschaft der in jener Zeit handelnden Akteure, insbesondere des entscheidenden Krankenhaus-Kuratoriums. In diesem waren neben dem Vorsitzenden Dr. Fritz Warburg, Mitglieder der Jüdischen Gemeinde Hamburgs, die leitenden Ärzte der Chirurgischen und Medizinischen Klinik sowie die Oberin vertreten. Die Qualität der medizinischen und pflegerischen Betreuung im Israelitischen Krankenhaus hatte in den 1920er-Jahren kontinuierlich zu einem starken Anwachsen der Patientenzahlen geführt. Die bisherige Bettenkapazität war ausgelastet. Hinzu kamen der rasch voranschreitende medizinische Fortschritt und notwendige Neuerungen, die eine Modernisierung und Umstrukturierung innerhalb des Krankenhauses notwendig machten. Die Fotografien des Modellentwurfes für den Erweiterungsbau wurden zufällig im Kontext von Recherchen zur 175-jährigen Geschichte des Israelitischen Krankenhauses in den Akten des Hamburger Medizinalkollegiums im Staatsarchiv Hamburg entdeckt.
Abelian 2-form gauge theory: superfield formalism
Creators: name: Malik, R. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive the off-shell nilpotent Becchi-Rouet-Stora-Tyutin (BRST) and anti-BRST symmetry transformations for {\it all} the fields of a free Abelian 2-form gauge theory by exploiting the geometrical superfield approach to BRST formalism. The above four (3 + 1)-dimensional (4D) theory is considered on a (4, 2)-dimensional supermanifold parameterized by the four even spacetime variables x^μ(with μ= 0, 1, 2, 3) and a pair of odd Grassmannian variables θand \barθ(with θ^2 = \barθ^2 = 0, θ\barθ+ \barθθ= 0). One of the salient features of our present investigation is that the above nilpotent (anti-)BRST symmetry transformations turn out to be absolutely anticommuting due to the presence of a Curci-Ferrari (CF) type of restriction. The latter condition emerges due to the application of our present superfield formalism. The actual CF condition, as is well-known, is the hallmark of a 4D non-Abelian 1-form gauge theory. We demonstrate that our present 4D Abelian 2-form gauge theory imbibes some of the key signatures of the 4D non-Abelian 1-form gauge theory. We briefly comment on the generalization of our supperfield approach to the case of Abelian 3-form gauge theory in four (3 + 1)-dimensions of spacetime.
description: LaTeX file, 23 pages, journal version
title: The Extension Building (1928-1931) of the Israelite Hospital in Hamburg
Creators: name: Jenss, Harro
Publisher: name: Institute for the History of the German Jews
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Organizations and Institutions

description: The model design (fig.) for the extension of the Israelite Hospital (IK) in Hamburg in 1928 reflected the results and apex of a highly successful development since the hospital’s opening in 1843. In the founding and planning phase that had begun in 1839, Salomon Heine, in addition to the hospital commission, had consulted doctors who had gathered experience in hospitals in Paris and London in order to be able to take the latest findings in medicine into account for its construction and the hospital concept. The result was a hospital that was progressive by the standards of its time. 88 years after its inauguration, the design for the large extension of the hospital still illustrates the willingness to innovate among the decision-makers at the time, in particular the crucial hospital board of trustees. In addition to the chairman, Dr. Fritz Warburg, members of the Jewish community of Hamburg, the leading physicians of the surgical and medical clinic, and the hospital matron were all represented in this board. In the 1920s, the quality of medical and nursing care at the Israelite Hospital led to a steady increase in the number of patients, so that its capacity was fully utilized. In addition, rapidly progressing medical developments and necessary updates demanded a modernization and restructuring within the hospital. The photographs of the model design for the extension building were discovered by chance during research on the 175-year history of this Jewish hospital in the files of the Hamburg Medical College in the Hamburg State Archives.
The Generalized Pustular Psoriasis Physician Global Assessment (GPPGA) score: online assessment and validation study of a specific measure of GPP disease activity - supplementary materials
Creators: name: Burden, A. David
name: Bachelez, Hervé
name: Choon, Siew Eng
name: Marrakchi, Slaheddine
name: Tsai, Tsen-Fang
name: Turki, Hamida
name: Morita, Akimichi
name: Lebwohl, Mark G.
name: Bissonnette, Robert
name: Zheng, Min
name: Anadkat, Milan J.
name: Navarini, Alexander A.
name: Tang, Ming
name: Thoma, Christian
name: Callis Duffin, Kristina
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 320205
subject: Dermatology

description: The above document represents supplementary material to accompany the publication "The Generalized Pustular Psoriasis Physician Global Assessment (GPPGA) score: online assessment and validation study of a specific measure of GPP disease activity", published as a letter in the British Journal of Dermatology. 

For a full list of declarations, including funding and author disclosure statements, please see the full text online (see “References” below).
IRIS observations of chromospheric heating by acoustic waves in solar quiet and active regions
Creators: name: Abbasvand, V.
name: Sobotka, M.
name: Švanda, M.
name: Heinzel, P.
name: Liu, W.
name: Mravcová, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Aims: To study the heating of solar chromospheric magnetic and nonmagnetic regions by acoustic and magnetoacoustic waves, the deposited acoustic-energy flux derived from observations of strong chromospheric lines is compared with the total integrated radiative losses. Methods: A set of 23 quiet-Sun and weak-plage regions were observed in the Mg II k and h lines with the Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph (IRIS). The deposited acoustic-energy flux was derived from Doppler velocities observed at two different geometrical heights corresponding to the middle and upper chromosphere. A set of scaled nonlocal thermodynamic equilibrium 1D hydrostatic semi-empirical models (obtained by fitting synthetic to observed line profiles) was applied to compute the radiative losses. The characteristics of observed waves were studied by means of a wavelet analysis. Results: Observed waves propagate upward at supersonic speed. In the quiet chromosphere, the deposited acoustic flux is sufficient to balance the radiative losses and maintain the semi-empirical temperatures in the layers under study. In the active-region chromosphere, the comparison shows that the contribution of acoustic-energy flux to the radiative losses is only 10 - 30 %. Conclusions: Acoustic and magnetoacoustic waves play an important role in the chromospheric heating, depositing a main part of their energy in the chromosphere. Acoustic waves compensate for a substantial fraction of the chromospheric radiative losses in quiet regions. In active regions, their contribution is too small to balance the radiative losses and the chromosphere has to be heated by other mechanisms.
description: 10 pages, 8 figures, 1 table. Accepted for A&A
Isospin breaking in scalar and pseudoscalar channels of radiative $J/ψ$-decays
Creators: name: Kiselev, V. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the framework of simple assumption on factorizing a mixing of vector state with isoscalar components in effective amplitudes of isospin breaking caused by the electromagnetic quark current, a branching fraction of radiative $J/ψ\to a_0$ transition is evaluated at the level of $3\cdot 10^{-3}$.
description: 3 pages, revtex4 class, 2 eps-figures; reference, comment and acknowledgement added
Quaternary-digital data storage based on magnetic bubbles in anisotropic materials
Creators: name: Göbel, Börge
name: Mertig, Ingrid
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The topologically non-trivial nano-whirls, called magnetic skyrmions, are often considered attractive for spintronic applications like the racetrack data storage device. However, skyrmions do not move parallel to applied currents and typically do not coexist with other nano-objects, making the realization of such storage concepts difficult. Herein we consider materials with an anisotropic DMI, like tetragonal Heusler materials, and show that four distinct types of topologically trivial bubbles can coexist. We show that each of them can be written by spin torques and that they can be distinguished using a single magnetic tunneling junction. Due to their trivial topology, the four types of bubbles move parallel to applied electrical currents and remain equidistant under motion. Still, the bubbles have a small size and high stability comparable to topologically non-trivial spin textures. This allows to construct a quaternary-digit-based racetrack storage device that overcomes the two mentioned drawbacks of skyrmion-based racetracks.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures
Deep Residual Echo Suppression with A Tunable Tradeoff Between Signal Distortion and Echo Suppression
Creators: name: Ivry, Amir
name: Cohen, Israel
name: Berdugo, Baruch
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Sound (cs.SD)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Audio and Speech Processing (eess.AS)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: In this paper, we propose a residual echo suppression method using a UNet neural network that directly maps the outputs of a linear acoustic echo canceler to the desired signal in the spectral domain. This system embeds a design parameter that allows a tunable tradeoff between the desired-signal distortion and residual echo suppression in double-talk scenarios. The system employs 136 thousand parameters, and requires 1.6 Giga floating-point operations per second and 10 Mega-bytes of memory. The implementation satisfies both the timing requirements of the AEC challenge and the computational and memory limitations of on-device applications. Experiments are conducted with 161~h of data from the AEC challenge database and from real independent recordings. We demonstrate the performance of the proposed system in real-life conditions and compare it with two competing methods regarding echo suppression and desired-signal distortion, generalization to various environments, and robustness to high echo levels.
description: Accepted to ICASSP 2021
Additional file 4: of Genome-wide association study discovered favorable single nucleotide polymorphisms and candidate genes associated with ramet number in ramie (Boehmeria nivea L.)
Creators: name: Chen, Kunmei
name: Luan, Mingbao
name: Xiong, Heping
name: Chen, Ping
name: Chen, Jikang
name: Gao, Gang
name: Huang, Kunyong
name: Zhu, Aiguo
name: Yu, Chunming
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Virology

description: Normal distribution curve of the ramet number in hybrid progeny population in (a) dMarch 2017 and (b) November 2017. (PDF 20â kb)
Hierarchical Short- and Medium-Range Order Structures in Amorphous GexSe1-x for Selectors Applications
Creators: name: Dianat, Francesco Tavanti Behnood
name: Catellani, Alessandra
name: Calzolari, Arrigo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the upcoming process to overcome the limitations of the standard von Neumann architecture, synaptic electronics is gaining a primary role for the development of in-memory computing. In this field, Ge-based compounds have been proposed as switching materials for nonvolatile memory devices and for selectors. By employing the classical molecular dynamics, we study the structural features of both the liquid states at 1500K and the amorphous phase at 300K of Ge-rich and Se-rich chalcogenides binary GexSe1-x systems in the range x 0.4-0.6. The simulations rely on a model of interatomic potentials where ions interact through steric repulsion, as well as Coulomb and charge-dipole interactions given by the large electronic polarizability of Se ions. Our results indicate the formation of temperature-dependent hierarchical structures with short-range local orders and medium-range structures, which vary with the Ge content. Our work demonstrates that nanosecond-long simulations, not accessible via ab initio techniques, are required to obtain a realistic amorphous phase from the melt. Our classical molecular dynamics simulations are able to describe the profound structural differences between the melt and the glassy structures of GeSe chalcogenides. These results open to the understanding of the interplay between chemical composition, atomic structure, and electrical properties in switching materials.
description: 18 pages, 8 figures, 2 tables, SI