cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
PSJ2107-1611: a new wide-separation, quadruply imaged lensed quasar with flux ratio anomalies
Creators: name: Dux, Frédéric
name: Lemon, Cameron
name: Courbin, Frédéric
name: Sluse, Dominique
name: Smette, Alain
name: Anguita, Timo
name: Neira, Favio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the discovery of PSJ2107-1611, a fold-configuration 4.3"-separation quadruply lensed quasar with a bright lensed arc. It was discovered using a convolutional neural network on Pan-STARRS gri images of pre-selected quasar candidates with multiple nearby Pan-STARRS detections. Spectroscopic follow-up with EFOSC2 on the ESO 3.58m New Technology Telescope reveals the source to be a quasar at z = 2.673, with the blended fold image pair showing deformed broad lines relative to the other images. The flux ratios measured from optical to near-infrared imaging in the Canada-France-Hawaii Telescope Legacy Survey, Pan-STARRS, the Legacy Surveys, and the Vista Hemisphere Survey are inconsistent with a smooth mass model as the fold pair images are about 15 times too faint. Variability, time delay effects, and reddening are ruled out through multiple-epoch imaging and color information. The system is marginally resolved in the radio in the Very Large Array Sky Survey S-band, where it has a 10 mJy detection. The radio flux ratios are compatible with the smooth mass macromodel. This system offers a unique tool for future studies of quasar structure with strong and microlensing. A more detailed analysis of follow-up with JWST/MIRI, VLT/MUSE, VLT/ERIS, and data from the European Very Long Baseline Interferometer will be presented in an upcoming paper.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures, letter
Additional file 2 of Differential transcriptomics in sarcoidosis lung and lymph node granulomas with comparisons to pathogen-specific granulomas
Creators: name: Casanova, Nancy G.
name: Gonzalez-Garay, Manuel L.
name: Sun, Belinda
name: Bime, Christian
name: Xiaoguang Sun
name: Knox, Kenneth S.
name: Crouser, Elliott D.
name: Sammani, Nora
name: Gonzales, Taylor
name: Natt, Bhupinder
name: Chaudhary, Sachin
name: Lussier, Yves
name: Garcia, Joe G. N.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 2: Table S2. Sarcoidosis clinical phenotype. Scadding stage based on radiographic imaging which consist of Stage I: hilar enlargement only; Stage II: hilar enlargement plus interstitial lung disease; Stage III: interstitial lung disease and Stage IV: lung fibrosis. Lung involvement and other organs affected based on clinical data. All subjects have at least one reported clinical symptom related to lung involvement (shortness of breath, cough). NA. Information not available.
Shallow Water Waves and Solitary Waves
Creators: name: Hereman, Willy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Encyclopedic article covering shallow water wave models used in oceanography and atmospheric science. Sections: Definition of the Subject; Introduction and Historical Perspective; Completely Integrable Shallow Water Wave Equations; Shallow Water Wave Equations of Geophysical Fluid Dynamics; Computation of Solitary Wave Solutions; Numerical Methods; Water Wave Experiments and Observations; Future Directions, and Bibliography.
description: 27 pages, 8 figures. Updated article to appear in the 2013 online and 2015 print editions of the Encyclopedia of Complexity and Applied System Science, edited by Robert A. Meyers, Springer-Verlag, Heidelberg, 2013
First look: a cluster-randomized trial of ultrasound to improve pregnancy outcomes in low income country settings
Creators: name: McClure, Elizabeth
name: Nathan, Robert
name: Saleem, Sarah
name: Esamai, Fabian
name: Garces, Ana
name: Chomba, Elwyn
name: Tshefu, Antoinette
name: Swanson, David
name: Mabeya, Hillary
name: Figuero, Lester
name: Mirza, Waseem
name: Muyodi, David
name: Franklin, Holly
name: Lokangaka, Adrien
name: Bidashimwa, Dieudonne
name: Pasha, Omrana
name: Mwenechanya, Musaku
name: Bose, Carl
name: Carlo, Waldemar
name: Hambidge, K
name: Liechty, Edward
name: Krebs, Nancy
name: Wallace, Dennis
name: Swanson, Jonathan
name: Koso-Thomas, Marion
name: Widmer, Rexford
name: Goldenberg, Robert L.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2014

description: Background: In high-resource settings, obstetric ultrasound is a standard component of prenatal care used to identify pregnancy complications and to establish an accurate gestational age in order to improve obstetric care. Whether or not ultrasound use will improve care and ultimately pregnancy outcomes in low-resource settings is unknown. Methods/Design: This multi-country cluster randomized trial will assess the impact of antenatal ultrasound screening performed by health care staff on a composite outcome consisting of maternal mortality and maternal near-miss, stillbirth and neonatal mortality in low-resource community settings. The trial will utilize an existing research infrastructure, the Global Network for Women’s and Children’s Health Research with sites in Pakistan, Kenya, Zambia, Democratic Republic of Congo and Guatemala. A maternal and newborn health registry in defined geographic areas which documents all pregnancies and their outcomes to 6 weeks post-delivery will provide population-based rates of maternal mortality and morbidity, stillbirth, neonatal mortality and morbidity, and health care utilization for study clusters. A total of 58 study clusters each with a health center and about 500 births per year will be randomized (29 intervention and 29 control). The intervention includes training of health workers (e.g., nurses, midwives, clinical officers) to perform ultrasound examinations during antenatal care, generally at 18–22 and at 32–36 weeks for each subject. Women who are identified as having a complication of pregnancy will be referred to a hospital for appropriate care. Finally, the intervention includes community sensitization activities to inform women and their families of the availability of ultrasound at the antenatal care clinic and training in emergency obstetric and neonatal care at referral facilities. Discussion: In summary, our trial will evaluate whether introduction of ultrasound during antenatal care improves pregnancy outcomes in rural, low-resource settings. The intervention includes training for ultrasound-naïve providers in basic obstetric ultrasonography and then enabling these trainees to use ultrasound to screen for pregnancy complications in primary antenatal care clinics and to refer appropriately. Trial registration: Clinicaltrials.gov (NCT # 01990625)
Treatment for illegal drug use disorders: the role of comorbid mood and anxiety disorders
Creators: name: Melchior, Maria
name: Prokofyeva, Elena
name: Younès, Nadia
name: Surkan, Pamela
name: Martins, Silvia S.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2014
Subjects: Comorbidity
Drug abuse
Mental health

description: Background: Our aim was to examine whether comorbid mood and anxiety disorders influence patterns of treatment or the perceived unmet need for treatment among those not receiving treatment for illegal drug use disorders. Methods: Data came from the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions (NESARC, 2001–2002 and 2004–2005, n = 34,653). Lifetime DSM-IV illegal drug use disorder (abuse and dependence), as well as comorbid mood (major depression, dysthymia, manic disorder, hypomanic disorder) and anxiety disorders (panic disorder, agoraphobia, social phobia, specific phobia, generalized anxiety) were ascertained by a standardized psychiatric interview. Treatment for illegal drug use disorders and perceived unmet need for treatment were assessed among individuals with illegal drug use disorder. Odds of treatment and odds of perceived unmet need for treatment were assessed using logistic regression, adjusting for socio-demographic characteristics, treatment for mood and anxiety disorders, and comorbid alcohol use disorder. Results: Out of 34,653 participants, 1114 (3.2%) had a diagnosis of lifetime illegal drug use disorder: 21.2% had a comorbid mood disorder only, 11.8% a comorbid anxiety disorder only, and 45.9% comorbid mood and anxiety disorders. Comorbid mood and anxiety disorders were not related to treatment for illegal drug use disorders but were associated with an elevated likelihood of unmet need for treatment: compared to participants with no comorbidities, multivariate ORs were 2.21 (95% CI: 1.23- 4.10) for mood disorder only, 2.38 (95% CI: 1.27-4.45) for anxiety disorder only, and 2.90 (95% CI: 1.71-4.94) for both mood and anxiety disorders. Conclusions: Individuals with an illegal drug use disorder and comorbid mood or anxiety disorders are disproportionately likely to report unmet need for treatment. Integrated mental health and substance use programs could prove effective in addressing their treatment needs.
Some q-analogues of supercongruences of Rodriguez-Villegas
Creators: name: Guo, Victor J. W.
name: Zeng, Jiang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11B65, 05A10, 05A30

description: We study different q-analogues and generalizations of the ex-conjectures of Rodriguez-Villegas. For example, for any odd prime p, we show that the known congruence \sum_{k=0}^{p-1}\frac{{2k\choose k}^2}{16^k} \equiv (-1)^{\frac{p-1}{2}}\pmod{p^2} has the following two nice q-analogues with [p]=1+q+...+q^{p-1}: \sum_{k=0}^{p-1}\frac{(q;q^2)_k^2}{(q^2;q^2)_k^2}q^{(1+\varepsilon)k} &\equiv (-1)^{\frac{p-1}{2}}q^{\frac{(p^2-1)\varepsilon}{4}}\pmod{[p]^2}, where (a;q)_0=1, (a;q)_n=(1-a)(1-aq)...(1-aq^{n-1}) for n=1,2,..., and \varepsilon=\pm1. Several related conjectures are also proposed.
description: 14 pages, to appear in J. Number Theory
Additional file 1 of An empirical application of “broken windows” and related theories in healthcare: examining disorder, patient safety, staff outcomes, and collective efficacy in hospitals
Creators: name: Ellis, Louise A.
name: Churruca, Kate
name: Tran, Yvonne
name: Long, Janet C.
name: Pomare, Chiara
name: Braithwaite, Jeffrey
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1.
Microscopic coexistence of a two-component incommensurate spin density wave with superconductivity in underdoped NaFe$_{0.983}$Co$_{0.017}$As
Creators: name: Oh, Sangwon
name: Mounce, A. M.
name: Lee, Jeongseop A.
name: Halperin, W. P.
name: Zhang, C. L.
name: Carr, S.
name: Dai, Pengcheng
name: Reyes, A. P.
name: Kuhns, P. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have performed $^{75}$As and $^{23}$Na nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) measurements on a single crystal of NaFe$_{0.9835}$Co$_{0.0165}$As and found microscopic coexistence of superconductivity with a two-component spin density wave (SDW). Using $^{23}$Na NMR we measured the spatial distribution of local magnetic fields. The SDW was found to be incommensurate with a major component having magnetic moment ($\sim0.2\,μ_B$/Fe) and a smaller component with magnetic moment ($\sim0.02\,μ_B$/Fe). Spin lattice relaxation experiments reveal that this coexistence occurs at a microscopic level.
description: 5 figures
Design characteristics of the CORRONA CERTAIN study: a comparative effectiveness study of biologic agents for rheumatoid arthritis patients
Creators: name: Pappas, Dimitrios
name: Kremer, Joel
name: Reed, George
name: Greenberg, Jeffrey
name: Curtis, Jeffrey
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2014
Subjects: Rheumatoid arthritis--Treatment
Medicine

description: Background: Comparative effectiveness research has recently attracted considerable attention. The Comparative Effectiveness Registry to study Therapies for Arthritis and Inflammatory Conditions (CERTAIN) is an ongoing prospective cohort study of adult patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA). Methods/Design: CERTAIN uses the existing Consortium of Rheumatology Researchers of North America (CORRONA) network of participating private and academic sites in order to recruit patients fulfilling the 1987 ACR criteria that have at least moderate disease activity. Patients starting or switching biologic agents either anti-TNF therapy or a non anti-TNF biologic are eligible for enrollment, depending on the treatment selected by their physician. Enrollment is expected to be completed by March of 2014, and 2711 patients will participate in the study. As of October 7th 2013, 2234 patients have been enrolled. Patient visits and laboratory blood work are mandated every three months for one year. Safety data is collected through one year and beyond. The primary comparative effectiveness endpoint is attainment of low RA disease activity at one year among patients who have been exposed to at least one prior TNF-α inhibitor agent prior to enrollment. Multiple secondary effectiveness and safety endpoints will be addressed by investigating the entire population enrolled (naïve and biologic experienced). Discussion: The unique design features of CERTAIN will inform comparative effectiveness and safety questions for choosing biologic agents for the management of RA.
Additional file 4 of Differential transcriptomics in sarcoidosis lung and lymph node granulomas with comparisons to pathogen-specific granulomas
Creators: name: Casanova, Nancy G.
name: Gonzalez-Garay, Manuel L.
name: Sun, Belinda
name: Bime, Christian
name: Xiaoguang Sun
name: Knox, Kenneth S.
name: Crouser, Elliott D.
name: Sammani, Nora
name: Gonzales, Taylor
name: Natt, Bhupinder
name: Chaudhary, Sachin
name: Lussier, Yves
name: Garcia, Joe G. N.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 4: Table S4. Sarcoidosis, TB and CM top common dysregulated genes. Common DEGs in granulomas derived this oncopanel in lung sarcoidosis and CM and in granulomas derived from lymph nodes from TB and Sarcoidosis.
Resistive Switching Assisted by Noise
Creators: name: Patterson, G. A.
name: Fierens, P. I.
name: Grosz, D. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We extend results by Stotland and Di Ventra on the phenomenon of resistive switching aided by noise. We further the analysis of the mechanism underlying the beneficial role of noise and study the EPIR (Electrical Pulse Induced Resistance) ratio dependence with noise power. In the case of internal noise we find an optimal range where the EPIR ratio is both maximized and independent of the preceding resistive state. However, when external noise is considered no beneficial effect is observed.
description: To be published in "Theory and Applications of Nonlinear Dynamics: Model and Design of Complex Systems", Proceedings of ICAND 2012 (Springer, 2013)
title: La socialisation politique
Creators: name: Bargel, Lucie
name: Darmon, Muriel
Publisher: name: Politika.io
Year: 2017

description: La transmission familiale des préférences électorales, étudiée depuis le début des années 1960, a longtemps constitué la question centrale et exclusive de la « socialisation politique ». Ces premiers travaux n’ont toutefois ni résolu ni épuisé la question des processus et des effets des socialisations primaires (aujourd’hui davantage travaillés du point de vue d’une sociologie des enfances ou des jeunesses attentives aux dimensions de classe et de genre). Elles laissent surtout de côté les autres moments que l’enfance, et les autres instances que l’école et la famille, qui interviennent : la socialisation primaire extra-familiale, les socialisations politiques secondaires opérées par le monde du travail, la participation à des mouvements sociaux ou les événements politiques. Enfin, problématiser l’étendue et la définition du « politique » permet de mettre en lumière l’existence de processus de socialisation respectivement « à » et « par » l’engagement, d’une socialisation nationale, et de poser plus systématiquement et précisément la question des liens entre le politique et les autres domaines pratiques ou mondes sociaux dans lesquels s’inscrivent les trajectoires individuelles.
Werner's Measure on Self-Avoiding Loops and Welding
Creators: name: Chavez, Angel
name: Pickrell, Doug
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Werner's conformally invariant family of measures on self-avoiding loops on Riemann surfaces is determined by a single measure $μ_0$ on self-avoiding loops in ${\mathbb C} \setminus\{0\}$ which surround $0$. Our first major objective is to show that the measure $μ_0$ is infinitesimally invariant with respect to conformal vector fields (essentially the Virasoro algebra of conformal field theory). This makes essential use of classical variational formulas of Duren and Schiffer, which we recast in representation theoretic terms for efficient computation. We secondly show how these formulas can be used to calculate (in principle, and sometimes explicitly) quantities (such as moments for coefficients of univalent functions) associated to the conformal welding for a self-avoiding loop. This gives an alternate proof of the uniqueness of Werner's measure. We also attempt to use these variational formulas to derive a differential equation for the (Laplace transform of) the "diagonal distribution" for the conformal welding associated to a loop; this generalizes in a suggestive way to a deformation of Werner's measure conjectured to exist by Kontsevich and Suhov (a basic inspiration for this paper).
Family and partner interpersonal violence among American Indians/Alaska Natives
Creators: name: Sapra, Katherine Jane
name: Jubinski, Sarah M.
name: Tanaka, Mina
name: Gershon, Robyn R.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2014
Subjects: Family violence
Indians
Indians of North America

description: Family and partner interpersonal violence are common among American Indian/Alaska Native (AI/AN) populations. AI/AN women have the second highest prevalence of violence against women among all racial/ethnic groups in the United States, and child abuse prevalence rates in AI/AN populations are among the highest. Elder abuse in AI/AN is also an important concern, although data on this are sparse. This review describes the epidemiology of child abuse, violence against women, and elder abuse among AI/AN, including prevalence and associated risk factors. The authors discuss
potential reasons for the high burden of interpersonal violence among AI/AN, including common risk factors. Important limitations in existing literature are also highlighted, along with recommendations for future research on this topic.
Mammographic density and serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels
Creators: name: Crew, Katherine
name: Campbell, Julie
name: Reynolds, Diane
name: Fulton, Loralee
name: Flom, Julie
name: Liao, Yuyan
name: Tehranifar, Parisa
name: Terry, Mary Beth
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2014
Subjects: Vitamin D
Breast--Cancer
Oncology

description: Background: Vitamin D, which influences cellular proliferation and breast tissue characteristics, has been inversely correlated with breast cancer risk. Dietary vitamin D intake has been associated with lower mammographic density (MD), a strong intermediate marker of breast cancer risk. Findings: We examined the relationship between MD and serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D], an integrated measure of vitamin D status from dietary sources and sunlight exposure, in a multi-ethnic cohort of women undergoing screening mammography. We recruited women age 40–60 years without a history of breast cancer at the time of their routine screening mammogram, and conducted in-person interviews and collected blood specimens. We enrolled 195 women from 2007–2008, 120 gave blood, and 114 were evaluable, including 25% white, 41% African American, 18% African Caribbean, and 16% Hispanic. We digitized mammograms and calculated percent density, dense area, and non-dense area on cranial-caudal images. We measured serum 25(OH)D in batched, archived specimens. Median serum 25(OH)D was 22 ng/ml (range, 8–66 ng/ml). In univariable analysis, higher serum 25(OH)D was associated with white race, higher educational level, ever breast feeding, and blood draw during the summer. After adjusting for body mass index and other confounders, we found no association between serum 25(OH)D and different measures of MD. However, when stratified by season, 25(OH)D was inversely associated with dense area during July-December (p = 0.034). Conclusions: Overall, our findings suggest that circulating vitamin D, a potentially modifiable breast cancer risk factor, is not associated with MD; the seasonal effects we observed need to be replicated in larger cohorts.
Regularized EM algorithm for sparse parameter estimation in nonlinear dynamic systems with application to gene regulatory network inference
Creators: name: Jia, Bin
name: Wang, Xiaodong
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Gene regulatory networks
subject: Expectation-maximization algorithms
subject: Bioinformatics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Parameter estimation in dynamic systems finds applications in various disciplines, including system biology. The well-known expectation-maximization (EM) algorithm is a popular method and has been widely used to solve system identification and parameter estimation problems. However, the conventional EM algorithm cannot exploit the sparsity. On the other hand, in gene regulatory network inference problems, the parameters to be estimated often exhibit sparse structure. In this paper, a regularized expectation-maximization (rEM) algorithm for sparse parameter estimation in nonlinear dynamic systems is proposed that is based on the maximum a posteriori (MAP) estimation and can incorporate the sparse prior. The expectation step involves the forward Gaussian approximation filtering and the backward Gaussian approximation smoothing. The maximization step employs a re-weighted iterative thresholding method. The proposed algorithm is then applied to gene regulatory network inference. Results based on both synthetic and real data show the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.
Photometric-Metallicity and Distance Estimates for $\sim$70,000 RR Lyrae Stars from the Zwicky Transient Facility
Creators: name: He, Shunxuan
name: Huang, Yang
name: Li, XinYi
name: Zhang, Huawei
name: Liu, Gaochao
name: Beers, Timothy C.
name: Wu, Hong
name: Fan, Zhou
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Utilizing Zwicky Transient Facility (ZTF) data and existing RR Lyrae stars (RRLs) catalogs, this study achieves the first calibration of the $P - ϕ_{31} - R_{21} - \text{[Fe/H]}$ and $P-ϕ_{31}-A_{2}-A_{1}-\text{[Fe/H]}$ relations in the ZTF photometric system for RRab and RRc stars. We also re-calibrate the period-absolute magnitude-metallicity (PMZ) and period-Wesenheit-metallicity (PWZ) relations in the ZTF $gri$-bands for RRab and RRc stars. Based on nearly 4100 stars with precise measurements of $P$, $ϕ_{31}$, $A_{2}$, and $A_{1}$, and available spectroscopic-metallicity estimates, the photometric-metallicity relations exhibit strong internal consistency across different bands, supporting the use of a weighted averaging method for the final estimates. The photometric-metallicity estimates of globular clusters based on RR Lyrae members also show excellent agreement with high-resolution spectroscopic measurements, with typical scatter of 0.15 dex for RRab stars and 0.14 dex for RRc stars, respectively. Using hundreds of local RRLs with newly derived photometric metallicities and precise Gaia Data Release 3 parallaxes, we establish the PMZ and PWZ relations in multiple bands. Validation with globular cluster RR Lyrae members reveals typical distance errors of 3.1% and 3.0% for the PMZ relations, and 3.1% and 2.6% for the PWZ relations for RRab and RRc stars, respectively. Compared to PMZ relations, the PWZ relations are tighter and almost unbiased, making them the recommended choice for distance calculations. We present a catalog of 73,795 RRLs with precise photometric metallicities; over 95% of them have accurate distance measurements. Compared to Gaia DR3, approximately 25,000 RRLs have precise photometric metallicities and distances derived for the first time.
description: 29 pages, 31 figures and 7 tables, accepted by ApJS, the RRL parameter catalogs are available at https://zenodo.org/records/14561442
Dorsal penile nerve block for robot-assisted radical prostatectomy catheter related pain: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial
Creators: name: Weinberg, Aaron C.
name: Woldu, Solomon Lukasz
name: Bergman, Ari
name: RoyChoudhury, Arindam
name: Patel, Trushar
name: Berg, William
name: Wambi, Christel
name: Badani, Ketan
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2014
Subjects: Urinary catheterization
Prostatectomy
Biomedical engineering

description: Purpose: Following Robotic-Assisted Radical Prostatectomy (RARP) patients routinely have penile pain and urethral discomfort secondary to an indwelling urethral catheter. Our objective was to assess the effect of dorsal penile nerve block with bupivacaine on urethral catheter-related pain after RARP. Methods: From 2012–2013, 140 patients with organ-confined prostate cancer were enrolled in an IRB approved double-blinded, randomized control trial comparing a dorsal penile nerve block of bupivacaine versus placebo after RARP performed by a single-surgeon. Patients were asked to complete questionnaires using the Wong-Bakers FACES Pain Rating scale while hospitalized and for 9 days post-operatively, until the catheter was removed. The primary end-points were: catheter-related discomfort, abdominal (incisional) pain, and bladder spasm-related discomfort. Secondary end-points included narcotic and other analgesic usage. Results: 120 patients were randomized to placebo vs. bupivacaine dorsal penile nerve bock. The two arms (n = 56 bupivacaine and n = 60 placebo) did not differ in preoperative, perioperative, or pathological results. There was no difference in narcotic utilization between the two cohorts. Abdominal pain was slightly lower in the bupivacaine arm at 6 hours compared to the placebo arm, but there was no difference in abdominal pain at other time points, and there were no differences in reported catheter-related discomfort or bladder spasm-associated discomfort at any of the measured time points. Conclusions: The data does not support the routine use of a dorsal penile nerve block with bupivacaine following RARP.
Pharmacology of fragrance: odors and GPCRs
Creators: name: Firestein, Stuart J.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2014
Subjects: Olfactory receptor genes
Biochemistry

description: Odor receptors are the largest family of GPCR’s on the planet. The identification of this large family of genes by Buck and Axel in 1991 showed that they have much in common with the other 450 or so GPCRs found in the mammalian genome. From this one might imagine that they can be profitably studied by using techniques developed for standard GPCR pharmacology – ligand screening, structure activity relations, and a variety of modeling techniques. We have utilized synthetic chemistry to examine the structure-function activity of an odor receptor by utilizing a variety of synthetically designed ligands that demonstrate mechanisms for agonism, antagonism, partial agonism and reverse agonism. These analyses provide a theoretical picture of the requirements for a binding region within the receptor. The existence of a range of ligands – from antagonists to high affinity agonists - for a given receptor must be taken into account when considering the type of upstream brain circuits that might be required to reduce the complex diversity of odor stimuli to the simpler categories of fragrance perception. In addition to these common principles of pharmacology that can be applied profitably to odor receptors we suggest that the techniques and strategies of medicinal chemistry, normally targeted to a single specific receptor (e.g., dopamine, epinephrine, serotonin) can be modified for use in a large and varied receptor population. The med chem concept of bioisosterism, for example, may help to better define our thinking about broad and narrow tuning in receptors when applied to large numbers of receptors.
Additional file 2 of An empirical application of “broken windows” and related theories in healthcare: examining disorder, patient safety, staff outcomes, and collective efficacy in hospitals
Creators: name: Ellis, Louise A.
name: Churruca, Kate
name: Tran, Yvonne
name: Long, Janet C.
name: Pomare, Chiara
name: Braithwaite, Jeffrey
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 2.
Additional file 5 of Differential transcriptomics in sarcoidosis lung and lymph node granulomas with comparisons to pathogen-specific granulomas
Creators: name: Casanova, Nancy G.
name: Gonzalez-Garay, Manuel L.
name: Sun, Belinda
name: Bime, Christian
name: Xiaoguang Sun
name: Knox, Kenneth S.
name: Crouser, Elliott D.
name: Sammani, Nora
name: Gonzales, Taylor
name: Natt, Bhupinder
name: Chaudhary, Sachin
name: Lussier, Yves
name: Garcia, Joe G. N.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 5: Fig. S1. Microarray validation. Comparison of granuloma DEGs identified by the oncopanel to microarray datasets. Heat maps representing expression profiles of validated gene sets in A) Sarcoidosis Lung 14 transcripts validated, B) Sarcoidosis Lymph nodes, 30 transcripts validated and C). TB lymph nodes, 46 transcripts validated. Transcripts differentially regulated showed a fold change ±2 & FDR<0.01.
Emerging interfacial magnetization in isovalent manganite heterostructures driven by octahedral coupling
Creators: name: Kumar, Yogesh
name: Bhatt, Harsh
name: Kakkar, S.
name: Kinane, C. J.
name: Caruana, A.
name: Langridge, S.
name: Bera, Chandan
name: Basu, S.
name: Roldan, Manuel A.
name: Singh, Surendra
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The distortion of corner-sharing octahedra in isovalent perovskite transition-metal oxide interfaces is proven to be an excellent way to tailor the electronic and magnetic properties of their heterostructures. Combining depth-dependent magnetic characterization technique; (polarized neutron reflectivity, PNR); and theoretical calculation (density functional theory), we report interface-driven magnetic exchange interactions due to a modification in the octahedral rotations at the interfaces in an isovalent La0.67Ca0.33MnO3 (LCMO)/La0.67Sr0.33MnO3 (LSMO) heterostructures. PNR results determined a length scale of ~ 8 unit cells at the interface, which demonstrated a modification in magnetic properties. The results also predicted a low-temperature exchange bias for these ferromagnetic heterostructures with a maximum exchange bias for the heterostructure, which showed an enhanced antiferromagnetic coupling at the interfaces.
Additional file 3 of Differential transcriptomics in sarcoidosis lung and lymph node granulomas with comparisons to pathogen-specific granulomas
Creators: name: Casanova, Nancy G.
name: Gonzalez-Garay, Manuel L.
name: Sun, Belinda
name: Bime, Christian
name: Xiaoguang Sun
name: Knox, Kenneth S.
name: Crouser, Elliott D.
name: Sammani, Nora
name: Gonzales, Taylor
name: Natt, Bhupinder
name: Chaudhary, Sachin
name: Lussier, Yves
name: Garcia, Joe G. N.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 3: Table S3. Microarrays data sets used for validation of the DEG identified by the oncopanel.
Analysis of the Phase Separation Induced by a Free-Radical Polymerization in Solutions of Polyisobutylene in Isobornyl Methacrylate
Creators: name: Soule, Ezequiel R.
name: Elicabe, Guillermo E.
name: Borrajo, Julio
name: Williams, Roberto J. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze a polymerization-induced phase separation taking place in solutions of a polymer dissolved in a vinyl monomer undergoing an isothermal free-radical polymerization. The selected system was a solution of polyisobutylene (PIB) in isobornyl methacrylate (IBoMA). Cloud-point curves for PIBs of different molar masses were fitted with the Flory-Huggins equation stated for a 3-component system. Phase separation was analyzed for two different PIBs at off-critical compositions. Comparing experimental values of the volume fraction of dispersed phase with those predicted by the coexistence curves it was found that the system evolved close to equilibrium during an initial stage. But phase separation stopped at intermediate monomer conversions as assessed by scanning electron micrographs of partially converted materials. The evolution of the size distribution of dispersed domains was obtained from the fitting of light scattering (LS) spectra. Average sizes predicted by LS and measured in scanning electron micrographs were in rough agreement.
description: author's version. Published full text at http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/ie061567c
title: Truncated Fusion Rules for Supergroups
Creators: name: Heidersdorf, Thorsten
Publisher: name: Mathematical Research Institute of Oberwolfach
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/001zbj766
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2025

description: In the '70s, physicists introduced a new type of symmetry – supersymmetry – to address some unresolved issues in particle physics models. Its mathematical foundations involve the representation theory of the associated symmetry groups, called supergroups. Our aim is to understand fusion rules, which describe how a combination of two physical systems can be broken down into more fundamental building blocks. Although the answer is largely unknown, we can get approximate answers in some cases.
description: Snapshots of modern mathematics from Oberwolfach;2025-01
title: Improving Accountability and Enforcement of directors` liability in Company under the Companies Act 2006 in UK
Creators: name: Kadzirange, C
Publisher: name: Liverpool John Moores University
Year: 2025

description: Directors` liability is of special interest and a problem since a striking balance must be made between shielding and holding a director accountable for breaching their obligations. A regulatory structure that can keep directors responsible must be established and handled efficiently to avoid corporate failures due to undesirable conduct. It is necessary to determine the causes of such behaviour and to ensure that steps are taken as a preventive mechanism for such failures. This thesis proposes expanding the Senior Managers Certificate Regime (SMCR) to all UK companies to ensure individual accountability. This thesis attempts to improve accountability and enforcement of directors` liability by ensuring that companies are managed responsibly. This thesis strives to bring clarity to statute law and case law regarding directors` roles. It also points out gaps and inconsistencies in the legislation governing the directors' obligations. This thesis finds upon examination and analysis of literature that, governance instruments, for instance, the UK Companies Act, Walker Review and UK Combined Code have not gone far enough to hold directors accountable. This thesis argues that the legal structures are not sufficient to function as a deterrent, to raise the director`s knowledge of the need to execute wise judgement for the sake of the business. Lack of personal consequences for directors is argued to be the cause of repeated bad behaviour at institutions. This thesis calls for a more radical approach to corporate governance using an effective tool, to ensure robustness in having competent, trained and qualified directors in companies. This thesis proposes Director Education as a model of accountability for company directors. Implementing mandatory pre-appointment director education would enhance standards by establishing a fundamental level of understanding. Consequently, the author argues that this would lead to a drop in misconduct, resulting in a reduction in the number of insolvencies and ultimately safeguarding creditors. Since this would encompass understanding of the applicable consequences, it would also function as deterrence. Therefore, Director Education offers xix a higher level of protection for creditors by preventing misconduct from happening in the first place.
Deep learning based on Transformer architecture for power system short-term voltage stability assessment with class imbalance
Creators: name: Li, Yang
name: Cao, Jiting
name: Xu, Yan
name: Zhu, Lipeng
name: Dong, Zhao Yang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Most existing data-driven power system short-term voltage stability assessment (STVSA) approaches presume class-balanced input data. However, in practical applications, the occurrence of short-term voltage instability following a disturbance is minimal, leading to a significant class imbalance problem and a consequent decline in classifier performance. This work proposes a Transformer-based STVSA method to address this challenge. By utilizing the basic Transformer architecture, a stability assessment Transformer (StaaT) is developed {as a classification model to reflect the correlation between the operational states of the system and the resulting stability outcomes}. To combat the negative impact of imbalanced datasets, this work employs a conditional Wasserstein generative adversarial network with gradient penalty (CWGAN-GP) for synthetic data generation, aiding in the creation of a balanced, representative training set for the classifier. Semi-supervised clustering learning is implemented to enhance clustering quality, addressing the lack of a unified quantitative criterion for short-term voltage stability. {Numerical tests on the IEEE 39-bus test system extensively demonstrate that the proposed method exhibits robust performance under class imbalances up to 100:1 and noisy environments, and maintains consistent effectiveness even with an increased penetration of renewable energy}. Comparative results reveal that the CWGAN-GP generates more balanced datasets than traditional oversampling methods and that the StaaT outperforms other deep learning algorithms. This study presents a compelling solution for real-world STVSA applications that often face class imbalance and data noise challenges.
description: Accepted by Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews
Rat model of veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation
Creators: name: Ali, Ayyaz
name: Downey, Peter
name: Singh, Gopal
name: Qi, Wei
name: George, Isaac
name: Takayama, Hiroo
name: Kirtane, Ajay J.
name: Krishnan, Prakash
name: Zalewski, Adrian M.
name: Freed, Darren
name: Large, Stephen
name: Ashley, Euan
name: Leon, Martin B.
name: Bacchetta, Matthew
name: Ali, Ziad A.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2014
Subjects: Cardiac arrest
Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation
Medicine
Medical sciences

description: Background: We aim to develop a rat model of veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA-ECMO). Methods: VA-ECMO was established in twelve Male Sprague-Dawley rats (250-350 g) through cannulation of the right jugular vein for venous drainage and the right femoral artery for arterial reinfusion. Arterial blood pressure was measured using a conductance catheter through cannulation of the left carotid artery. Heart rate was monitored by electrocardiography and arterial blood gas parameters with a blood gas analyzer. The VA-ECMO circuit was tested by subjecting the rats to hypoxic cardiac arrest with resuscitation using VA-ECMO. Both load-dependent and load-independent measures of myocardial contractility were measured using pressure-volume loop analysis to confirm restoration of myocardial function post-resuscitation. Results: Following hypoxic cardiac arrest VA-ECMO provided sufficient oxygenation to support the circulation. The haemodynamic and blood gas parameters were maintained at transition and during ECMO. All animals were resuscitated, regained cardiac function and were able to be weaned off ECMO post-resuscitation. Conclusion: We have established a safe, high-throughput, economical, functioning rat model of VA-ECMO.
Are Switchback boundaries observed by Parker Solar Probe closed?
Creators: name: Bizien, Nina
name: de Wit, Thierry Dudok
name: Froment, Clara
name: Velli, Marco
name: Case, Anthony W.
name: Bale, Stuart D.
name: Kasper, Justin
name: Whittlesey, Phyllis
name: MacDowall, Robert
name: Larson, Davin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Switchbacks are sudden and large deflections in the magnetic field that Parker Solar Probe frequently observes in the inner heliosphere. Their ubiquitous occurrence has prompted numerous studies to determine their nature and origin. Our goal is to describe the boundary of these switchbacks using a series of events detected during the spacecraft's first encounter with the Sun. Using FIELDS and SWEAP data, we investigate different methods for determining the boundary normal. The observed boundaries are arc-polarized structures with a rotation that is always contained in a plane. Classical minimum variance analysis (MVA) gives misleading results and overestimates the number of rotational discontinuities. We propose a robust geometric method to identify the nature of these discontinuities, which involves determining whether or not the plane that contains them also includes the origin ($\textbf{B}=0$). Most boundaries appear to have the same characteristics as tangential discontinuities in the context of switchbacks, with little evidence for having rotational discontinuities. We find no effect of the size of the Parker spiral deviation. Furthermore, the thickness of the boundary is within MHD scales. We conclude that most of the switchback boundaries observed by Parker Solar Probe are likely to be closed, in contrast to previous studies. Our results suggest that their erosion may be much slower than expected.
description: 11 pages, 6 figures, Animations available at https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8424748
Accretion flows in the hard state of black hole X-ray binaries: the effect of hot gas condensation
Creators: name: Wang, Yilong
name: Liu, Bifang
name: Qiao, Erlin
name: Cheng, Huaqing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is commonly believed that accretion discs are truncated and their inner regions are described by advection dominated accretion flows (ADAFs) in the hard spectral state of black hole X-ray binaries. However, the increasing occurrence of a relativistically blurred Fe K$α$ line together with a hard continuum points to the existence of a thin disc located near the innermost stable circular orbit (ISCO). Assuming the accretion in the hard state is via an ADAF extending to near 100 Schwarzschild radii, which is supplied by either a stellar wind from a companion star or resulting from an evaporated disc, we study the possible condensation of the hot gas during its accretion towards the black hole. It is found that a small fraction of the ADAF condenses into a cold disc as a consequence of efficient radiative cooling at small distances, forming a disc-corona configuration near the ISCO. This takes place for low accretion rates corresponding to luminosities ranging from $\sim 10^{-3}$ to a few per cent of the Eddington luminosity. The coexistence of the weak inner disc and the dominant hot accretion flow provides a natural explanation of the broad K$α$ line in the hard state. Detailed computations demonstrate that such accretion flows produce a hard X-ray spectrum accompanied by a weak disc component with a negative correlation between the 2-10 keV photon index and the Eddington ratio. The predicted spectrum of Cygnus X-1 and the correlation between the photon index and the Eddington ratio are in good agreement with observations.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS, 12 pages, 12 figures
LHC Hadronic Jet Generation Using Convolutional Variational Autoencoders with Normalizing Flows
Creators: name: Orzari, Breno
name: Chernyavskaya, Nadezda
name: Cobe, Raphael
name: Duarte, Javier
name: Fialho, Jefferson
name: Gunopulos, Dimitrios
name: Kansal, Raghav
name: Pierini, Maurizio
name: Tomei, Thiago
name: Touranakou, Mary
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In high energy physics, one of the most important processes for collider data analysis is the comparison of collected and simulated data. Nowadays the state-of-the-art for data generation is in the form of Monte Carlo (MC) generators. However, because of the upcoming high-luminosity upgrade of the LHC, there will not be enough computational power or time to match the amount of needed simulated data using MC methods. An alternative approach under study is the usage of machine learning generative methods to fulfill that task.Since the most common final-state objects of high-energy proton collisions are hadronic jets, which are collections of particles collimated in a given region of space, this work aims to develop a convolutional variational autoencoder (ConVAE) for the generation of particle-based LHC hadronic jets. Given the ConVAE's limitations, a normalizing flow (NF) network is coupled to it in a two-step training process, which shows improvements on the results for the generated jets. The ConVAE+NF network is capable of generating a jet in $18.30 \pm 0.04 \ μ$s, making it one of the fastest methods for this task up to now.
description: 17 pages, 4 figures and 8 tables
Additional file 1 of Educational potential of teaching evolution as an interdisciplinary science
Creators: name: Hanisch, Susan
name: Eirdosh, Dustin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1: Comparison cultural evolution and genetic evolution.LessonPlan.