cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Accuracy vs. Complexity: Calibrating radio interferometer arrays with non-homogeneous element patterns
Creators: name: Jones, Jake L.
name: Wayth, Randall B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Radio interferometer arrays with non-homogeneous element patterns are more difficult to calibrate compared to the more common homogeneous array. In particular, the non-homogeneity of the patterns has significant implications on the computational tractability of evaluating the calibration solutions. We apply the A-stacking technique to this problem and explore the trade-off to be made between the calibration accuracy and computational complexity. Through simulations, we show that this technique can be favourably applied in the context of an SKA-Low station. We show that the minimum accuracy requirements can be met at a significantly reduced computational cost, and this cost can be reduced even further if the station calibration timescale is relaxed from 10 minutes to several hours. We demonstrate the impact antenna designs with differing levels of non-homogeneity have on the overall computational complexity in addition to some cases where calibration performs poorly.
The Spin Density Matrix I: General Theory and Exact Master Equations
Creators: name: Kunikeev, Sharif D.
name: Lidar, Daniel A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a scenario where interacting electrons confined in quantum dots (QDs) are either too close to be resolved, or we do not wish to apply measurements that resolve them. Then the physical observable is an electron spin only (one cannot unambiguously ascribe a spin to a QD) and the system state is fully described by the spin-density matrix. Accounting for the spatial degrees of freedom, we examine to what extent a Hamiltonian description of the spin-only degrees of freedom is valid. We show that as long as there is no coupling between singlet and triplet states this is indeed the case, but when there is such a coupling there are open systems effects, i.e., the dynamics is non-unitary even without interaction with a true bath. Our primary focus is an investigation of non-unitary effects, based on exact master equations we derive for the spin-density matrix in the Lindblad and time-convolutionless (TCL) forms, and the implications for quantum computation. In particular, we demonstrate that the Heisenberg interaction does not affect the unitary part (apart from a Lamb shift) but does affect the non-unitary contributions to time evolution of the spin-density matrix. In a sequel paper we present a detailed analysis of an example system of two quantum dots, including spin-orbit effects.
description: 14 pages, no figures
Additional file 2 of Preclinical investigations and a first-in-human phase 1a trial of JS007, a novel anti-CTLA-4 antibody, in patients with advanced solid tumors
Creators: name: Zhou, Chenfei
name: Jiang, Jinling
name: Xiang, Xiaojun
name: Liu, Hongli
name: Wu, Guowu
name: Zeng, Ruichao
name: Lu, Tong
name: Zhang, Mengqi
name: Shen, Yuteng
name: Hong, Min
name: Zhang, Jun
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Supplementary Material 2
Classes on compactifications of the moduli space of curves through solutions to the quantum master equation
Creators: name: Hamilton, Alastair
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14D22, 16S80, 17B55, 17B62, 55S35, 57N65

description: In this paper we describe a construction which produces classes in a compactification of the moduli space of curves. This construction extends a construction of Kontsevich which produces classes in the open moduli space from the initial data of a cyclic A-infinity algebra. The initial data for our construction is what we call a `quantum A-infinity algebra', which arises as a type of deformation of a cyclic A-infinity algebra. The deformation theory for these structures is described explicitly. We construct a family of examples of quantum A-infinity algebras which extend a family of cyclic A-infinity algebras, introduced by Kontsevich, which are known to produce all the Miller-Morita-Mumford classes using his construction.
description: This version includes an updated list of references
The symbiotic recurrent nova V3890 Sgr: binary parameters and pre-outburst activity
Creators: name: Mikolajewska, J.
name: Ilkiewicz, K.
name: Galan, C.
name: Monard, B.
name: Otulakowska-Hypka, M.
name: Shara, M. M.
name: Udalski, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present and analyze optical photometry and high resolution SALT spectra of the symbiotic recurrent nova V3890 Sgr at quiescence. The orbital period, P=747.6 days has been derived from both photometric and spectroscopic data. Our double-line spectroscopic orbits indicate that the mass ratio is q=M_g/M_WD=0.78+/-0.05, and that the component masses are M_WD=1.35+/-0.13 Msun, and M_g=1.05+/-0.11 Msun. The orbit inclination is approximately 67-69 degr. The red giant is filling (or nearly filling) its Roche lobe, and the distance set by its Roche lobe radius, d=9 kpc, is consistent with that resulting from the giant pulsation period. The outburst magnitude of V3890 Sgr is then very similar to those of RNe in the Large Magellanic Cloud. V3890 Sgr shows remarkable photometric and spectroscopic activity between the nova eruptions with timescales similar to those observed in the symbiotic recurrent novae T CrB and RS Oph and Z And-type symbiotic systems. The active source has a double-temperature structure which we have associated with the presence of an accretion disc. The activity would be then caused by changes in the accretion rate. We also provide evidence that V3890 Sgr contains a CO WD accreting at a high, a few 1e-8 - 1e-7 Msun/yr, rate. The WD is growing in mass, and should give rise to a Type Ia supernova within about 1,000,000 yrs - the expected lifetime of the red giant.
description: 12 pages, 9 figures; accepted for publication in MNRAS
Quantum Vacuum Friction in Highly Magnetized Neutron Stars
Creators: name: Dupays, Arnaud
name: Rizzo, Carlo
name: Bakalov, Dimitar
name: Bignami, Giovanni F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this letter we calculate the energy loss of highly magnetized neutron star due to friction with quantum vacuum, namely Quantum Vacuum Friction (QVF). Taking into account one-loop corrections in the effective Heisenberg-Euler Lagrangian of the light-light interaction, we derive an analytic expression for QVF allowing us to consider magnetic field at the surface of the star as high as $10^{11} $T. In the case of magnetars with high magnetic field above the QED critical field, we show that the energy loss by QVF dominates the energy loss process. This has important consequences, in particular on the inferred value of the magnetic field. This also indicates the need for independent measurements of magnetic field, energy loss rate, and of the braking index to fully characterize magnetars.
description: To be published in EPL
Agents for Automated User Experience Testing
Creators: name: Fernandes, Pedro M.
name: Lopes, Manuel
name: Prada, Rui
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The automation of functional testing in software has allowed developers to continuously check for negative impacts on functionality throughout the iterative phases of development. This is not the case for User eXperience (UX), which has hitherto relied almost exclusively on testing with real users. User testing is a slow endeavour that can become a bottleneck for development of interactive systems. To address this problem, we here propose an agent based approach for automatic UX testing. We develop agents with basic problem solving skills and a core affect model, allowing us to model an artificial affective state as they traverse different levels of a game. Although this research is still at a primordial state, we believe the results here presented make a strong case for the use of intelligent agents endowed with affective computing models for automating UX testing.
Exploring the pathogenic interaction between dRab39 and α-Synuclein in Drosophila melanogaster
Creators: name: Smith, Charlotte A.
Publisher: name: University of Leicester
Year: 2021
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Parkinson’s disease is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder it is generally considered that a combination of the environment and genetics plays a role in the pathogenesis of the disease. Although the majority of cases (~90%) are sporadic, with no known cause, over 20 genetic loci have been found to directly cause familial Parkinson’s to date. The major pathological hallmark of the disease is the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta, with the remaining neurons containing proteinaceous inclusions termed Lewy bodies. Insoluble and fibrillar α-synuclein aggregates are the main component of Lewy bodies and mutations in the gene encoding α-synuclein - SNCA have been associated with both idiopathic and familial forms of the disease. More recently mutations in RAB39B is a member of the Rab GTPase family - the core regulators of cellular membrane dynamics - has been directly linked to early onset Parkinson’s characterised by intellectual disability, Lewy body pathology and dopaminergic neuron loss.This thesis utilised a previously established Drosophila model for Parkinson’s disease to overexpress wild-type human α-synuclein within the central nervous system alongside a variety of genetic manipulations of Rab39 to enable the investigation into the interplay between dRab39 and aSyn in Parkinson’s pathogenesis. The study reports a novel Rab39 deficient Drosophila disease model for Parkinson’s disease. Downregulation of Rab39 in the dopaminergic neurons is characterised by a loss of dopaminergic neurons and locomotor ability, accompanied by reduced lifespan. Typically, co-expression of Rab39 RNAi and α-synuclein neuronally exacerbated the observed phenotypes than when they were expressed alone indicating that there could be a genetic interaction. The function of RAB39B is not clear but it appears to be involved in trafficking of cargo to synaptic terminals with an important regulatory role of autophagy. The findings from this thesis suggest disease pathology is likely due to altered dopamine metabolism and increased oxidative stress related to defective autophagy and mitochondrial defects.This study also aimed to investigate potential neuroprotective candidates of α-Synuclein that are involved in vesicular trafficking. Here I have found that a neuronal reduction of the Calcium/Calmodulin dependent kinase- CamkI - is protective of α-synuclein dependent toxicity in Drosophila. Overall this thesis has provided insights into both the relationships of Rab39 and CamkI with aSyn, which may ultimately provide novel therapeutic strategies for Parkinson’s disease.
Three-nodal surface phonons in solid-state materials: Theory and material realization
Creators: name: Xie, C. W.
name: Yuan, H. K.
name: Liu, Y.
name: Wang, X. T.
name: Zhang, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This year, Liu \textit{et al}. [Phys. Rev. B \textbf{104}, L041405 (2021)] proposed a new class of topological phonons (TPs; i.e., one-nodal surface (NS) phonons), which provides an effective route for realizing one-NSs in phonon systems. In this work, based on first-principles calculations and symmetry analysis, we extended the types of NS phonons from one- to three-NS phonons. The existence of three-NS phonons (with NS states on the $k_{i}$ = $π$ ($i$ = $x$, $y$, $z$) planes in the three-dimensional Brillouin zone (BZ)) is enforced by the combination of two-fold screw symmetry and time reversal symmetry. We screened all 230 space groups (SGs) and found nine candidate groups (with the SG numbers (Nos.) 19, 61, 62, 92, 96, 198, 205, 212, and 213) hosting three-NS phonons. Interestingly, with the help of first-principles calculations, we identified $P2_{1}$2$_{1}$2$_{1}$-type YCuS$_{2}$ (SG No. 19), $Pbca$-type NiAs$_{2}$ (SG No. 61), $Pnma$-type SrZrO$_{2}$ (SG No. 62), $P4_{1}$2$_{1}$2-type LiAlO$_{2}$ (SG No. 92), $P4_{3}$2$_{1}$2-type ZnP$_{2}$ (SG No. 96), $P2_{1}$3-type NiSbSe (SG No. 198), $Pa\bar{3}$-type As$_{2}$Pt (SG No. 205), $P4_{3}$32-type BaSi$_{2}$ (SG No. 212), and $P4_{1}$32-type CsBe$_{2}$F$_{5}$ (SG No. 213) as realistic materials hosting three-NS phonons. The results of our presented study enrich the class of NS states in phonon systems and provide concrete guidance for searching for three-NS phonons and singular Weyl point phonons in realistic materials.
Does the h-index have predictive power?
Creators: name: Hirsch, J. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Bibliometric measures of individual scientific achievement are of particular interest if they can be used to predict future achievement. Here we report results of an empirical study of the predictive power of the h-index compared to other indicators. Our findings indicate that the h-index is better than other indicators considered (total citation count, citations per paper, and total paper count) in predicting future scientific achievement. We discuss reasons for the superiority of the h-index.
description: Sect. V added on combining h and N_c, with new Fig. 11. Other minor changes. To be published in PNAS
Invasion and resistance: native perspectives of the Kamloops Indian residential school
Creators: name: Haig-Brown Vayro, Celia
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Few extensive studies of residential schools in Canada exist. Much of the extant literature dealing with Native education is based on materials written by Euro-Canadians with only minimal involvement of the people of whom they write. The few materials available which discuss residential schools usually present information from the perspective of the government or the missionaries whose policies controlled them. The purpose of this paper is to present Native perspectives of the Kamloops Indian Residential School. Thirteen interviews with Native people of the central Interior of British Columbia, former students of the school, form the nucleus of the study. Because so little is written of Native people's experiences and because the interior people traditionally have an oral culture, interviewing was deemed the most appropriate research technique. Through the informants' own words, the experiences of leaving home, of arriving at school, of surviving the daily routines of the school, of resisting the oppressive structure imposed and, finally, of returning home are restructured. Two main concepts, cultural invasion and resistance, are of paramount importance. Informants were selected to represent various time periods of the school's operation. A conscious effort was made to maintain a balance between male and female views, positive and negative views and the views of students who attended for longer and shorter time spans. In addition, representatives from a number of different Shuswap bands and from bands outside the Shuswap Nation were selected. Efforts were also made to ensure Native participation in data analysis and interpretation. Background information on the three groups involved with the school--the Shuswap, the missionaries and the governments--was obtained from various archives and libraries. The most outstanding feature which is revealed by this study is the extent and complexity of the resistance movement which the students and their families developed against the invasive presence of the residential school. The struggles for power and control within the school may be seen as a microcosm of the on-going stuggle of Native people with the Euro-Canadian presence in this country. The need to develop a model different from the hierarchical one which church, state and academics too frequently have imposed upon Native people--one based on authentic dialogue--is shown. Implications for further research, particularly of a qualitative nature, are numerous. From specific aspects of culture such as arranged marriages and language retention to more general comparisons of the Kamloops Indian Residential School with other residential schools or of the effects of integration into public schooling with residential school, many possibilities are raised. Ultimately emerges a picture of strong individuals and strong culture growing, adapting and surviving.
title: Reconstruction and in vivo analysis of the extinct tbx5 gene from ancient wingless moa (Aves: Dinornithiformes)
Creators: name: Huynen, Leon
name: Suzuki, Takayuki
name: Ogura, Toshihiko
name: Watanabe, Yusuke
name: Millar, Craig D.
name: Hofreiter, Michael
name: Smith, Craig
name: Mirmoeini, Sara
name: Lambert, David M.
Publisher: name: Universität Potsdam
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie
subject: 610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Background The forelimb-specific gene tbx5 is highly conserved and essential for the development of forelimbs in zebrafish, mice, and humans. Amongst birds, a single order, Dinornithiformes, comprising the extinct wingless moa of New Zealand, are unique in having no skeletal evidence of forelimb-like structures. Results To determine the sequence of tbx5 in moa, we used a range of PCR-based techniques on ancient DNA to retrieve all nine tbx5 exons and splice sites from the giant moa, Dinornis. Moa Tbx5 is identical to chicken Tbx5 in being able to activate the downstream promotors of fgf10 and ANF. In addition we show that missexpression of moa tbx5 in the hindlimb of chicken embryos results in the formation of forelimb features, suggesting that Tbx5 was fully functional in wingless moa. An alternatively spliced exon 1 for tbx5 that is expressed specifically in the forelimb region was shown to be almost identical between moa and ostrich, suggesting that, as well as being fully functional, tbx5 is likely to have been expressed normally in moa since divergence from their flighted ancestors, approximately 60 mya. Conclusions The results suggests that, as in mice, moa tbx5 is necessary for the induction of forelimbs, but is not sufficient for their outgrowth. Moa Tbx5 may have played an important role in the development of moa’s remnant forelimb girdle, and may be required for the formation of this structure. Our results further show that genetic changes affecting genes other than tbx5 must be responsible for the complete loss of forelimbs in moa.
description: Postprints der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe; 1117
Art teachers' values in the classroom
Creators: name: Princic, Linda
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Art teachers, like other members of society, hold certain values and these values are probably exhibited while teaching art. Using participant observation, the study sought to uncover the values and the curriculum orientations demonstrated by three art teachers in their classrooms. Data were collected by means of field notes, made while classes were conducted in each of three schools. These notes were supplemented by observations supplied by each of the three teachers in interviews conducted on the school premises and in the teachers' homes. Associations between instrumental values, style of teaching and curriculum orientation were examined to discover consistencies or inconsistencies. It was found that two teachers expressed values which reflected their curriculum orientation as well as their objectives for teaching art and one teacher expressed values which chiefly reflected his curriculum orientation. Conclusions from the research support the fact that effective curriculum development should continue to provide flexibility in order to account for teachers' values. Implications for the public school system indicate that students attending particular schools may complete art programs with different ideas about the purposes of art and the methods by which it is characteristically taught.
Quantum transport of topological spin solitonsin a one-dimensional organic ferroelectric
Creators: name: Imajo, Shusaku
name: Miyake, Atsushi
name: Kurihara, Ryosuke
name: Tokunaga, Masashi
name: Kindo, Koichi
name: Horiuchi, Sachio
name: Kagawa, Fumitaka
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the dielectric, magnetic, and ultrasonic properties of a one-dimensional organic salt TTF-QBr$_3$I. These indicate that TTF-QBr$_3$I shows a ferroelectric spin-Peierls (FSP) state in a quantum critical regime. In the FSP state, coupling of charge, spin, and lattice leads to emergent excitation of spin solitons as topological defects. Amazingly, the solitons are highly mobile even at low temperatures, although they are normally stationary because of pinning. Our results suggest that strong quantum fluctuations enhanced near a quantum critical point enable soliton motion governed by athermal relaxation. This indicates the realization of quantum topological transport at ambient pressure.
A z = 3 Lyman Alpha Blob Associated with a Damped Lyman Alpha System Proximate to its Background Quasar
Creators: name: Hennawi, Joseph F.
name: Prochaska, J. Xavier
name: Kollmeier, Juna
name: Zheng, Zheng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on the discovery of a bright Lyman alpha blob associated with the z=3 quasar SDSSJ124020.91+145535.6 which is also coincident with strong damped Lyman alpha absorption from a foreground galaxy (a so-called proximate damped Lyman alpha system; PDLA). The one dimensional spectrum acquired by the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) shows a broad Lyman alpha emission line with a FWHM ~ 500 km/s and a luminosity of L_{Lya} = 3.9e43 erg/s superposed on the trough of the PDLA. Mechanisms for powering this large Lyman alpha luminosity are discussed. We argue against emission from HII regions in the PDLA galaxy since this requires an excessive star-formation rate ~ 500 Msun/yr and would correspond to the largest Lyman alpha luminosity ever measured from a damped Lyman alpha system or starburst galaxy. We use a Monte Carlo radiative transfer simulation to investigate the possibility that the line emission is fluorescent recombination radiation from the PDLA galaxy powered by the ionizing flux of the quasar, but find that the predicted Lyman alpha flux is several orders of magnitude lower than observed. We conclude that the Lyman alpha emission is not associated with the PDLA galaxy at all, but instead is intrinsic to the quasar's host and similar to the extended Lyman alpha 'fuzz' which is detected around many AGN. PDLAs are natural coronagraphs that block their background quasar at Lyman alpha, and we discuss how systems similar to SDSSJ124020.91+145535.6 might be used to image the neutral hydrogen in the PDLA galaxy in silhouette against the screen of extended Lyman alpha emission from the background quasar.
description: Submitted to ApJL. 4 pages, 2 figures. Comments+criticism encouraged
Evaluation of current processes for bacteria detection and identification (ISONEED)
Creators: name: Petter, Françoise
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Euphresco, plant health, diagnostics, isolation, bacteriology

description: Slide of the Euphresco project 2017-A-267 'Evaluation of current processes for bacteria detection and identification (ISONEED)'
description: Project funded through the Euphresco network
The origin of globular cluster systems from cosmological simulations
Creators: name: Bekki, K.
name: Yahagi, H.
name: Nagashima, M.
name: Forbes, D. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the structural, kinematical, and chemical properties of globular cluster systems (GCSs) in galaxies of different Hubble types in a self-consistent manner based on high-resolution cosmological N-body simulations combined with semi-analytic models of galaxy and globular cluster (GC) formation. We focus on correlations between the physical properties of GCSs and those of their host galaxies for about 10^5 simulated galaxies located at the centres of dark matter halos (i.e. we do not consider satellite galaxies in sub-halos). Our principal results, which can be tested against observations, are as follows. The majority (about 90%) of GCs currently in halos are formed in low-mass galaxies at redshifts greater than 3 with mean formation redshifts of z = 5.7 (12.7 Gyrs ago) and 4.3 (12.3 Gyrs ago) for metal-poor GCs (MPC) and metal-rich GCs (MRCs), respectively. About 52 % of galaxies with GCs show clear bimodality in their metallicity distribution functions, though less luminous galaxies with M_B fainter than -17 are much less likely to show bimodality owing to little or no MRCs. The number fraction of MRCs does not depend on Hubble type but is generally smaller for less luminous galaxies. The specific frequencies (S_ N) of GCSs are typically higher in ellipticals (S_ N ~ 4.0) than in spirals (S_ N ~ 1.8), and higher again (S_N ~ 5.0) for galaxies located at the centers of clusters of galaxies. The total number of GCs per unit halo mass does not depend strongly on M_B or Hubble type of the host galaxy. The mean metallicities of MPCs and MRCs depend on M_B such that they are higher in more luminous galaxies, though the dependence is significantly weakerfor MPCs.
description: 19 pages, 29 figures, accepted in MNRAS
Gauging the effect of Supermassive Black Holes feedback on Quasar host galaxies
Creators: name: de Oliveira, B. Dall'Agnol
name: Storchi-Bergmann, T.
name: Kraemer, S. B.
name: Martín, M. Villar
name: Schnorr-Müller, A.
name: Schmitt, H. R.
name: Ruschel-Dutra, D.
name: Crenshaw, D. M.
name: Fischer, T. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In order to gauge the role that active galactic nuclei (AGN) play in the evolution of galaxies via the effect of kinetic feedback in nearby QSO$\,$2's ($z\sim0.3$), we observed eight such objects with bolometric luminosities $L_{bol} \sim 10^{46}\rm{erg\,s^{-1}}$ using Gemini GMOS-IFU's. The emission lines were fitted with at least two Gaussian curves, the broadest of which we attributed to gas kinetically disturbed by an outflow. We found that the maximum extent of the outflow ranges from $\sim$1 to 8 kpc, being ${\sim}\,0.5\,{\pm}\,0.3$ times the extent of the [O$\,$III] ionized gas region. Our `${\tt default}$' assumptions for the gas density (obtained from the {[S$\,$II] doublet) and outflow velocities resulted in peak mass outflow rates of $\dot{M}_{out}^{\tt defa}{\sim}\,3\,{-}\,30\,\rm{M_{\odot}}\,yr^{-1}$ and outflow power of $\dot{E}_{out}^{\tt defa}\sim\,10^{41}\,{-}\,10^{43}\,\mathrm{erg\,s^{-1}}$. The corresponding kinetic coupling efficiencies are $\varepsilon_f^{\tt defa}=\dot{E}_{out}^{\tt defa}/L_{bol}\,\sim7\times10^{-4}\,{-}\,0.5\,\%$, with the average efficiency being only $0.06\,\%$ ($0.01\,\%$ median), implying little feedback powers from ionized gas outflows in the host galaxies. We investigated the effects of varying assumptions and calculations on $\dot{M}_{out}$ and $\dot{E}_{out}$ regarding the ionized gas densities, velocities, masses and inclinations of the outflow relative to the plane of the sky, resulting in average uncertainties of one dex. In particular, we found that better indicators of the [O$\,$III] emitting gas density than the default [S$\,$II] line ratio, such as the [Ar$\,$IV]$λλ$4711,40 line ratio, result in almost an order of magnitude decrease in the $\varepsilon_f$.
description: Accepted: 13 april 2021. Online supplementary material added at the end of the pdf
Microcanonical treatment of black hole decay at the Large Hadron Collider
Creators: name: Gingrich, Douglas M.
name: Martell, Kevin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This study of corrections to the canonical picture of black hole decay in large extra dimensions examines the effects of back-reaction corrected and microcanonical emission at the LHC. We provide statistical interpretations of the different multiparticle number densities in terms of black hole decay to standard model particles. Provided new heavy particles of mass near the fundamental Planck scale are not discovered, differences between these corrections and thermal decay will be insignificant at the LHC.
description: small additions and clarifications, format for J. Phys. G
On the coupling of noisy processes in biology to produce functional phenotypic variability
Creators: name: Patange, Om
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2019
Subjects: noise
rpos
growth
stress response
e. coli
phenotypic heterogeneity
single-cell
time-lapse microscopy
quantitative biology
stochastic simulation
Gillespie algorithm
Mother Machine
microfluidic
bet-hedging
stochastic gene expression

description: Noise is ubiquitous in biology. Recent studies have demonstrated that both gene expression and physiological processes, such as growth, can be noisy. The cell-to-cell variation resulting from this stochasticity has been implicated in survival strategies for bacterial populations. However, it remains unclear how single cells couple gene expression with growth to implement these strategies. In this thesis we show how noisy expression of a key stress response regulator, RpoS, allows $\textit{E. coli}$ to modulate its noisy growth dynamics to survive future adverse environments. We first demonstrate that single cells in bulk, exponential phase cultures have heterogeneous $\textit{rpoS}$ expression. Combining microfluidics and time-lapse microscopy we reveal multi-generation RpoS activity pulses are responsible for this heterogeneity. We next show that RpoS and growth have stochastic dynamics and are anti-correlated. With a stochastic simulation of chemical reactions coupled to a deterministic cell growth model we show that a mutual inhibition loop between RpoS activity and growth rate is sufficient to capture the observed dynamics. We test our model by performing experimental perturbations and find good agreement between theory and experiment. Next, we demonstrate the functionality of this phenotypic variability by using the microfluidic platform to apply a short, intense period of oxidative stress. By tracking cells prior to the stress and testing for survival after the stress we reveal that $\textit{E. coli}$ prepare for sudden stressful events by entering prolonged periods of slow growth mediated by RpoS. This dynamic phenotype is captured by the RpoS-growth feedback model. Our synthesis of noisy gene expression, growth, and survival paves the way for further exploration of functional phenotypic variability.
description: I was generously supported by a PhD Scholarship from Microsoft Research. I also gratefully acknowledge the support provided by my supervisor, James Locke, whose group was supported by the European Research Council under the European Union’s Seventh Framework Programme (FP/2007-2013)/ERC Grant Agreement 338060, a fellowship from the Gatsby Foundation (GAT3272/GLC), and an award from the Human Frontier Science Programme (CDA00068/2012).
Citizen science as a promoter of environmental civility and Nature conservation
Creators: name: Gouveia, Licínia
name: Ramos, Ana
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020

description: Ação Lixo Marinho! is a Portuguese nation-wide Ocean Literacy awareness project that uses citizen science activities of marine litter monitoring as one of the strategies to draw attention of the participants towards a responsible consumption and production (SDG 12) and the conservation and sustainable use of the oceans, seas and marine resources (SDG 14). Due to conclude in March 2022, this project serves as a kickstart to achieve these goals in the long term, with all 12 entities involved in it contributing to an increased engagement in reducing pollution in the marine environment while promoting circular economy, sustainable consumption and waste reduction across the whole of Portuguese society. Project's Website Project's Facebook Profile
description: Remote participation in the "Mitforschen! Das Citizen-Science-Festival" that took place in Berlin, on October 14th and 15th 2020. Project ALIMAR Ação Lixo Marinho! (FA_06_2017_081) is co-funded by Fundo Azul programme of Direção-Geral de Política do Mar (Portuguese Ministry of the Sea).
Weak Measurement of Berry's Phase
Creators: name: Gedik, Z.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum measurements can be generalized to include complex quantities. It is possible to relate the quantum weak values of projection operators to the third order Bargmann invariants. The argument of the weak value becomes, up to a sign, equal to the Berry's phase associated with the three state vectors. In case of symmetric informationally complete, positive operator valued measures (SIC-POVMs), this relation takes a particularly simple form. Alternating strong and weak measurements can be used to determine Berry's phase directly, which demonstrates that not only their real and imaginary parts but also moduli and arguments of weak values have a physical significance. For an arbitrary projection operator, weak value is real when the projector, pre- and post-selected states lie on a so-called null phase curve which includes the geodesic containing the three states as a special case.
description: 8 pages, no figures
El sistema de la seguridad social en Colombia : un estudio a su importancia, evolución, y marco legal de los aportes al sistema por dividendos o participaciones de los empresarios
Creators: name: Ocampo Bustos, Gonzalo Fernando
Publisher: name: Universidad Externado de Colombia
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Cotización en seguridad social - Estudios de caso
subject: Derecho fiscal - Legislación
subject: Legislación laboral - Aspectos jurídicos
subject: Aportes
subject: Dividendos en Colombia
subject: Seguridad social
subject: Ingreso base

description: El sistema de seguridad social en Colombia ha experimentado un desarrollo de gran importancia con el objetivo de brindar una cobertura integral a la población en términos de pensiones, salud y riesgos laborales. Esta meta requiere una política clara que garantice la sostenibilidad del sistema. Por tanto, es fundamental maximizar las contribuciones al sistema y para ello la normatividad ha desarrollado el principio de solidaridad, donde aquellos con mayores recursos financieros aportan en mayor medida para apoyar a quienes no pueden alcanzar el nivel de cotización. En este sentido, los trabajadores independientes en la modalidad rentistas de capital, que incluye a accionistas o socios, tienen la responsabilidad de contribuir al sistema mediante el cálculo de un Ingreso Base de Cotización (IBC) especial. Este se determina sumando los IBC generados por cada actividad comercial o financiera que ejerzan, incluido el IBC como dependientes. En lo referente a los dividendos o participaciones recibidas, el IBC equivale al 40% del valor percibido. Es importante destacar que la suma total de los IBC mensuales no puede exceder el límite de cotización de veinticinco (25) salarios mínimos mensuales. Además, se debe tener en cuenta que el aporte a salud para pensionados es progresivo.
description: The social security system in Colombia has undergone significant development with the aim of providing comprehensive coverage to the population in terms of pensions, health, and occupational risks. This goal requires a clear policy that ensures the sustainability of the system. Therefore, it is essential to maximize contributions to the system, and to achieve this, regulations have developed the principle of solidarity, where those with greater financial resources contribute more to support those who cannot reach the contribution level. In this regard, independent workers under the capital rentier modality, which includes shareholders or partners, have the responsibility to contribute to the system by calculating a special Contribution Base Income (IBC). This is determined by adding up the IBIs generated by each commercial or financial activity they undertake, including the IBC as employees. Regarding dividends or profit shares received, the IBC is equivalent to 40% of the value received. It is important to note that the total sum of monthly IBIs cannot exceed the contribution limit of twenty-five (25) monthly minimum wages. Additionally, it should be noted that health contributions for pensioners are progressive.
Dynamical coupled-channels study of pi N --> pi pi N reactions
Creators: name: Kamano, H.
name: Julia-Diaz, B.
name: Lee, T. -S. H.
name: Matsuyama, A.
name: Sato, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: As a step toward performing a complete coupled-channels analysis of the world data of pi N, gamma^* N --> pi N, eta N, pi pi N reactions, the pi N --> pi pi N reactions are investigated starting with the dynamical coupled-channels model developed in Phys. Rev. C76, 065201 (2007). The channels included are pi N, eta N, and pi pi N which has pi Delta, rho N, and sigma N resonant components. The non-resonant amplitudes are generated from solving a set of coupled-channels equations with the meson-baryon potentials defined by effective Lagrangians. The resonant amplitudes are generated from 16 bare excited nucleon (N^*) states which are dressed by the non-resonant interactions as constrained by the unitarity condition. The data of total cross sections and pi N and pi pi invariant mass distributions of pi^+ p --> pi^+ pi^+ n, pi^+ pi^0p and pi^- p --> pi^+ pi^- n, pi^- pi^0 n, pi^0 pi^0 n reactions from threshold to the invariant mass W = 2 GeV can be described to a very large extent. We show the importance of the coupled-channels effects and the strong interference between the contributions from the pi Delta, sigma N, and rho N channels. The large interference between the resonant and non-resonant amplitudes is also demonstrated. Possible future developements are discussed.
description: 22 pages, 13 figures; accepted for publication in PRC
Formation of Multiple Populations of M5 (NGC 5904)
Creators: name: Lee, Jae-Woo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: With our new Ca-CN-CH-NH photometry, we revisit the globular cluster (GC) M5. We find that M5 is a mono-metallic GC with a small metallicity dispersion. Our carbon abundances show that the $σ$[C/Fe] of the M5 CN-s population, with depleted carbon and enhanced nitrogen abundances, is significantly large for a single stellar population. Our new analysis reveals that the M5 CN-s population is well described by the two stellar populations: the CN-s$_{\rm I}$, being the major CN-s component, with the intermediate carbon and nitrogen abundance and the CN-s$_{\rm E}$ with the most carbon-poor and nitrogen-rich abundance. We find that the CN-s$_{\rm E}$ is significantly more centrally concentrated than the others, while CN-w and CN-s$_{\rm I}$ have similar cumulative radial distributions. The red giant branch bump $V$ magnitude, the helium abundance barometer in mono-metallic populations, of individual populations appears to be correlated with their mean carbon abundance, indicating that carbon abundances are anticorrelated with helium abundances. We propose that the CN-s$_{\rm E}$ formed out of gas that experienced proton-capture processes at high temperatures in the innermost region of the proto-GC of M5 that resided in a dense ambient density environment. Shortly after, the CN-s$_{\rm I}$ formed out of gas diluted from the pristine gas in the more spatially extended region, consistent with the current development of numerical simulations by others.
description: The Astrophysical Journal Letters (in press)
title: Die Lupe: Jahrgang 1, 1925, Nr. 7, 3. April 1925
Creators: name: :None
Publisher: name: Verlag Die Lupe
Year: 1925
Subjects: subject: Bestände des Stadtarchivs Braunschweig
subject: Brunsvicensien der Universitätsbibliothek Braunschweig
subject: Kunst- und Kulturgeschichte
subject: 7

description: Die Lupe: Braunschweigische Wochenschrift für Theater, Musik, Kunst, Literatur, Film und Kabarett, vol. 1, no. 7
Teacher rationale for compliance or non compliance with curriculum guidelines in the teaching of elementary school gymnastics
Creators: name: Munro, Peter Ronald
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: This study used a questionnaire to examine teacher rationale for compliance or non-compliance with curriculum guidelines in the teaching of elementary school gymnastics. Descriptive data were collected from teachers to establish: 1. How much time is given by primary teachers to the teaching of gymnastics to their homeroom classes. 2. What factors primary teachers identify as being important determinants in the amount of time they allocate to the teaching of gymnastics. A two-part questionnaire was designed to gather data relevant to the two major goals of the study. Twenty one schools were chosen at random from one school district, and all nine elementary schools in a second district were included. The study sample comprised 132 primary teachers; 74 of these returned the questionnaire. The results of the study indicated that the majority of teachers offered their students well below the time allotment assigned to gymnastics in the British Columbia physical education curriculum guide. The data also indicated that teachers generally had certain attitudes towards the teaching of gymnastics which included the following: (a) strong agreement that students enjoyed gymnastics lessons, (b) strong agreement that gymnastics was valuable to children, (c) enjoyment in teaching gymnastics, (d) strong concern for student safety, (e) concern for teacher liability in the event of accidents to students, and (f) little expectancy that gymnastics be taught. Other factors which appeared to act as determinants included: (a) the adequacy of print resources, (b) the nature of pre-service training, (c) teachers' sense of competence in the teaching of gymnastics and, (d) the adequacy of in-service. This study concluded that it was the interaction of factors that influenced time allocation. There was a strong indication that pre-service training was a major factor and that it was compounded by other factors such as levels of support services, teacher age, and teacher concerns about safety. In turn, these factors were possibly interacting to affect teachers' perceptions of competence to instruct students in gymnastics. Recommendations arising from the study included (a) that opportunities be provided for in-service that meets the specific needs of teachers, (b) that teacher associates be appointed to provide coaching in gymnastics at a teacher's school, (c) that pre-service training for teachers involve comprehensive courses in gymnastics, and (d) that leadership be shown by principals in developing school-wide plans for physical education that define specific times and activities for gymnastics. Further, it is recommended that additional research should attempt to clarify the extent to which specific factors outlined in this study interact to affect time allocation for gymnastics.
$π^0$ photoproduction on the proton for photon energies from 0.675 to 2.875 GeV
Creators: name: Dugger, M.
name: Ritchie, B. G.
name: Ball, J. P.
name: Collins, P.
name: Pasyuk, E.
name: Arndt, R. A.
name: Briscoe, W. J.
name: Strakovsky, I. I.
name: Workman, R. L.
name: Collaboration, CLAS
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Differential cross sections for the reaction $γp \to p π^0$ have been measured with the CEBAF Large Acceptance Spectrometer (CLAS) and a tagged photon beam with energies from 0.675 to 2.875 GeV. The results reported here possess greater accuracy in the absolute normalization than previous measurements. They disagree with recent CB-ELSA measurements for the process at forward scattering angles. Agreement with the SAID and MAID fits is found below 1 GeV. The present set of cross sections has been incorporated into the SAID database, and exploratory fits have been extended to 3 GeV. Resonance couplings have been extracted and compared to previous determinations.
description: 18 pages, 48 figures