cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Learning to Clean: A GAN Perspective
Creators: name: Sharma, Monika
name: Verma, Abhishek
name: Vig, Lovekesh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In the big data era, the impetus to digitize the vast reservoirs of data trapped in unstructured scanned documents such as invoices, bank documents and courier receipts has gained fresh momentum. The scanning process often results in the introduction of artifacts such as background noise, blur due to camera motion, watermarkings, coffee stains, or faded text. These artifacts pose many readability challenges to current text recognition algorithms and significantly degrade their performance. Existing learning based denoising techniques require a dataset comprising of noisy documents paired with cleaned versions. In such scenarios, a model can be trained to generate clean documents from noisy versions. However, very often in the real world such a paired dataset is not available, and all we have for training our denoising model are unpaired sets of noisy and clean images. This paper explores the use of GANs to generate denoised versions of the noisy documents. In particular, where paired information is available, we formulate the problem as an image-to-image translation task i.e, translating a document from noisy domain ( i.e., background noise, blurred, faded, watermarked ) to a target clean document using Generative Adversarial Networks (GAN). However, in the absence of paired images for training, we employed CycleGAN which is known to learn a mapping between the distributions of the noisy images to the denoised images using unpaired data to achieve image-to-image translation for cleaning the noisy documents. We compare the performance of CycleGAN for document cleaning tasks using unpaired images with a Conditional GAN trained on paired data from the same dataset. Experiments were performed on a public document dataset on which different types of noise were artificially induced, results demonstrate that CycleGAN learns a more robust mapping from the space of noisy to clean documents.
Tachytrechus genualis Loew 1857
Creators: name: Bächli, Gerhard
name: Merz, Bernhard
name: Haenni, Jean-Paul
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Dolichopodidae
Tachytrechus
Tachytrechus genualis

description: Tachytrechus genualis Loew, 1857.
 1 ♂, Castro (TI), 560 m, 30.07.– 02.08.2000, leg. A.-S. Gamboni e M. Moretti (MCSN). Neufund.
description: Published as part of Bächli, Gerhard, Merz, Bernhard & Haenni, Jean-Paul, 2014, Dritter Nachtrag zur Checkliste der Diptera der Schweiz, pp. 119-140 in Entomo Helvetica 7 on page 125, DOI: 10.5169/seals-985967, http://zenodo.org/record/8096745
Auxiliary master equation for nonequilibrium dual-fermion approach
Creators: name: Chen, Feng
name: Cohen, Guy
name: Galperin, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce auxiliary quantum master equation - dual fermion approach (QME-DF) and argue that it presents a convenient way to describe steady-states of correlated impurity systems. The combined scheme yields an expansion around a reference much closer to the true nonequilibrium state than in the original dual fermion formulation. In steady-state situations, the scheme is numerically cheaper and allows to avoid long time propagation of previous considerations. Anderson impurity is used as a test model. The QME-DF simulations are compared with numerically exact tdDMRG results.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures
Medetera arrogans
Creators: name: Bächli, Gerhard
name: Merz, Bernhard
name: Haenni, Jean-Paul
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Dolichopodidae
Medetera
Medetera arrogans

description: Medetera arrogans (Parent, 1927).
 5 ♂♂, 2 ♀♀, Sementina (TI), 320 m, 22.07.2009, leg. V. Trivellone & L. Pollini Paltrinieri (MCSN). Neufund.
description: Published as part of Bächli, Gerhard, Merz, Bernhard & Haenni, Jean-Paul, 2014, Dritter Nachtrag zur Checkliste der Diptera der Schweiz, pp. 119-140 in Entomo Helvetica 7 on page 125, DOI: 10.5169/seals-985967, http://zenodo.org/record/8096745
Elasticity of nanometer-sized objects
Creators: name: Segall, D. E.
name: Ismail-Beigi, Sohrab
name: Arias, T. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We initiate the development of a theory of the elasticity of nanoscale objects based upon new physical concepts which remain properly defined on the nanoscale. This theory provides a powerful way of understanding nanoscale elasticity in terms of local group contributions and gives insight into the breakdown of standard continuum relations. We also give two applications. In the first, we show how to use the theory to derive a new relation between the bending and stretching properties of nanomechanical resonators and to prove that it is much more accurate than the continuum-based relations currently employed in present experimental analyses. In the second, we use the new approach to link features of the underlining electronic structure to the elastic response of a silicon nanoresonator.
description: 11 pages, 5 figures
Polarization dynamics of femtosecond pulses propagating in air
Creators: name: Kolesik, M.
name: Moloney, J. V.
name: Wright, E. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Polarization dynamics of femtosecond light pulses propagating in air is studied by computer simulation. A rich variety of dynamics is found that depends on the initial polarization state and power of the pulse. Effects of polarization on the plasma and supercontinuum generation are also discussed.
description: 6 pages, 7 figures
Theoretical conditions for restricting secondary jams in jam-absorption driving scenarios
Creators: name: Nishi, Ryosuke
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: There has been considerable interest in the active maneuvers made by a small number of vehicles to improve macroscopic traffic flows. Jam-absorption driving (JAD) is a single vehicle's maneuvers to remove a wide moving jam and consists of two actions. First, a vehicle upstream of the jam slows down and maintains a low velocity. Because it cuts off the supply of vehicles to the jam, the jam shrinks and finally disappears. Second, it returns to following the vehicle ahead of it. One of the critical problems of JAD is the occurrence of secondary jams. The perturbations caused by JAD actions may grow into secondary jams due to the instability of traffic flows. The occurrence of secondary jams was investigated by numerical simulations in non-periodic systems where only human-driven vehicles are placed upstream of the vehicle performing JAD. However, no theoretical condition has been proposed to restrict secondary jams in these systems. This paper presents a theoretical condition restricting secondary jams in a semi-infinite system composed of a vehicle performing JAD and the other human-driven vehicles obeying a car-following model on a non-periodic and single-lane road. In constructing this condition, we apply the linear string stability to a macroscopic spatiotemporal structure of JAD. Numerical simulations show that a finite version of this condition restricts secondary jams. Moreover, under this condition, we demonstrate that it is possible to restrict secondary jams in the semi-infinite system under wide ranges of the parameters of the system. Furthermore, we construct the conditions suppressing secondary jams in other semi-infinite systems with inflows from other lanes or a bottleneck, and demonstrate that JAD can restrict secondary jams in these systems. Thus, our method theoretically guarantees that a single vehicle can improve macroscopic traffic flows.
Universal Asymptotic Eigenvalue Distribution of Density Matrices and the Corner Transfer Matrices in the Thermodynamic Limit
Creators: name: Okunishi, Kouichi
name: Hieida, Yasuhiro
name: Akutsu, Yasuhiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the asymptotic behavior of the eigenvalue distribution of the Baxter's corner transfer matrix (CTM) and the density matrix (DM) in the White's density-matrix renormalization group (DMRG), for one-dimensional quantum and two-dimensional classical statistical systems. We utilize the relationship ${\rm DM}={\rm CTM}^4$ which holds for non-critical systems in the thermodynamic limit. Using the known diagonal form of CTM, we derive exact asymptotic form of the DM eigenvalue distribution for the integrable $S=1/2$ XXZ chain (and its related integrable models) in the massive regime. The result is then recast into a ``universal'' form without model-specific quantities, which leads to $ω_{m}\sim \exp[-{\rm const.}(\log m)^2]$ for $m$-th DM eigenvalue at larg $m$. We perform numerical renormalization group calculations (using the corner-transfer-matrix RG and the product-wavefunction RG) for non-integrable models, verifying the ``universal asymptotic form'' for them. Our results strongly suggest the universality of the asymptotic eigenvalue distribution of DM and CTM for a wide class of systems.
description: 4 pages, RevTeX, 4 ps figures
Modular forms of finite modular subgroups from magnetized D-brane models
Creators: name: Kobayashi, Tatsuo
name: Tamba, Shio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study modular transformation of holomorphic Yukawa couplings in magnetized D-brane models. It is found that their products are modular forms, which are non-trivial representations of finite modular subgroups, e.g. $S_3$, $S_4$, $Δ(96)$ and $Δ(384)$.
description: 14 pages, no figure
Additional file 3: of Favourable prognosis of trigeminal neuralgia when enrolled in a multidisciplinary management program - a two-year prospective real-life study
Creators: name: Heinskou, Tone
name: Maarbjerg, Stine
name: Wolfram, Frauke
name: Rochat, Per
name: Brennum, Jannick
name: Olesen, Jes
name: Bendtsen, Lars
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Supplementary material S3. Association between changes in the overall burden of pain and clinical characteristics. (DOCX 31 kb)
Additional file 10 of Genomic and immunological profiles of small-cell lung cancer between East Asians and Caucasian
Creators: name: Lin, Anqi
name: Zhou, Ningning
name: Zhu, Weiliang
name: Zhang, Jiexia
name: Wei, Ting
name: Guo, Linlang
name: Luo, Peng
name: Zhang, Jian
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Mental Health
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Virology

description: Additional file 10: Table S1. Related to Additional file 1: Fig. S1a. The results of co-occurrence/mutual exclusivity of oncogenes/TSGs in the East Asian cohort (Top20 mutated genes).
Medetera infumata Loew 1857
Creators: name: Bächli, Gerhard
name: Merz, Bernhard
name: Haenni, Jean-Paul
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Dolichopodidae
Medetera
Medetera infumata

description: Medetera infumata Loew, 1857.
 1 ♂, Prugiasco (TI), 560 m, 07.– 10.06.2000, leg. A.-S. Gamboni e M. Moretti (MCSN). Neufund.
description: Published as part of Bächli, Gerhard, Merz, Bernhard & Haenni, Jean-Paul, 2014, Dritter Nachtrag zur Checkliste der Diptera der Schweiz, pp. 119-140 in Entomo Helvetica 7 on page 125, DOI: 10.5169/seals-985967, http://zenodo.org/record/8096745
Additional file 2: of Favourable prognosis of trigeminal neuralgia when enrolled in a multidisciplinary management program - a two-year prospective real-life study
Creators: name: Heinskou, Tone
name: Maarbjerg, Stine
name: Wolfram, Frauke
name: Rochat, Per
name: Brennum, Jannick
name: Olesen, Jes
name: Bendtsen, Lars
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases

description: Supplementary material S2 - Trigeminal neuralgia patient survey. (DOCX 27 kb)
Quantum Impurity in a Nearly Critical Two Dimensional Antiferromagnet
Creators: name: Sachdev, Subir
name: Buragohain, Chiranjeeb
name: Vojta, Matthias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe the spin dynamics of an arbitrary localized impurity in an insulating two dimensional antiferromagnet, across the host transition from a paramagnet with a spin gap to a Neel state. The impurity spin susceptibility has a Curie-like divergence at the quantum-critical coupling, but with a universal, effective spin which is neither an integer nor a half-odd-integer. In the Neel state, the transverse impurity susceptibility is a universal number divided by the host spin stiffness (which determines the energy cost to slow twists in the orientation of the Neel order). These, and numerous other results for the thermodynamics, Knight shift, and magnon damping have significant applications to experiments on layered transition metal oxides.
description: 12 pages, 3 figures; Additional details and results are in cond-mat/9912020
Automatic Information Extraction from Piping and Instrumentation Diagrams
Creators: name: Rahul, Rohit
name: Paliwal, Shubham
name: Sharma, Monika
name: Vig, Lovekesh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: One of the most common modes of representing engineering schematics are Piping and Instrumentation diagrams (P&IDs) that describe the layout of an engineering process flow along with the interconnected process equipment. Over the years, P&ID diagrams have been manually generated, scanned and stored as image files. These files need to be digitized for purposes of inventory management and updation, and easy reference to different components of the schematics. There are several challenging vision problems associated with digitizing real world P&ID diagrams. Real world P&IDs come in several different resolutions, and often contain noisy textual information. Extraction of instrumentation information from these diagrams involves accurate detection of symbols that frequently have minute visual differences between them. Identification of pipelines that may converge and diverge at different points in the image is a further cause for concern. Due to these reasons, to the best of our knowledge, no system has been proposed for end-to-end data extraction from P&ID diagrams. However, with the advent of deep learning and the spectacular successes it has achieved in vision, we hypothesized that it is now possible to re-examine this problem armed with the latest deep learning models. To that end, we present a novel pipeline for information extraction from P&ID sheets via a combination of traditional vision techniques and state-of-the-art deep learning models to identify and isolate pipeline codes, pipelines, inlets and outlets, and for detecting symbols. This is followed by association of the detected components with the appropriate pipeline. The extracted pipeline information is used to populate a tree-like data-structure for capturing the structure of the piping schematics. We evaluated proposed method on a real world dataset of P&ID sheets obtained from an oil firm and have obtained promising results.
STUDY OF THE EFFECT OF OPTICAL LAYER THICKNESS ON THE PHOTOELECTRIC PARAMETERS OF SILICON-BASED SOLAR CELLS USING SENTAURUS TCAD
Creators: name: Komilov, M.
Publisher: name: Sciences of Europe
Year: 2021
Subjects: Optical parameters
solar cell
silicon
Sentaurus TCAD
absorption.

description: There are many ways to improve the optical properties of silicon-based solar cells. One of them is to cover the surface of solar elements with optical layers. One of the important tasks is to study the effect of different optical materials on the properties of silicon and to determine the optimal conditions for the thickness of the optical layers covering the surface of solar cells. In this paper, the effect of SiNx and SiO2 on the optical properties of coated silicon-based solar cells has been extensively studied. In this case, the optimal thickness value for SiNx was determined by modeling at 75 nm and for SiO2 at 100 nm. It was also found that when the surface of a silicon-based solar cell is coated with SiNx, it is 1.1 times more effective than SiO2.
MOESM3 of Adiponectin and insulin resistance are related to restenosis and overall new PCI in subjects with normal glucose tolerance: the prospective AIRE Study
Creators: name: Sasso, Ferdinando
name: Pafundi, Pia
name: Marfella, Raffaele
name: CalabrĂ˛, Paolo
name: Piscione, Federico
name: Furbatto, Fulvio
name: Esposito, Giovanni
name: Galiero, Raffaele
name: Gragnano, Felice
name: Rinaldi, Luca
name: Salvatore, Teresa
name: DâAmico, Michele
name: Adinolfi, Luigi
name: Sardu, Celestino
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Physiology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 3: Table S2. Adiponectin and HOMA-IR values for the patients who experimented restenosis.
What Does a Successful Postdoctoral Fellowship Publication Record Look Like?
Creators: name: Pepper, Joshua
name: Krupinska, Oliwia D.
name: Stassun, Keivan G.
name: Gelino, Dawn M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Digital Libraries (cs.DL)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Obtaining a prize postdoctoral fellowship in astronomy and astrophysics involves a number of factors, many of which cannot be quantified. One criterion that can be measured is the publication record of an applicant. The publication records of past fellowship recipients may, therefore, provide some quantitative guidance for future prospective applicants. We investigated the publication patterns of recipients of the NASA prize postdoctoral fellowships in the Hubble, Einstein, and Sagan programs from 2014 through 2017, using the NASA ADS reference system. We tabulated their publications at the point where fellowship applications were submitted, and we find that the 133 fellowship recipients in that time frame had a median of 6 +/- 2 first-author publications, and 14 +/- 6 co-authored publications. The full range of first author papers is 1 to 15, and for all papers ranges from 2 to 76, indicating very diverse publication patterns. Thus, while fellowship recipients generally have strong publication records, the distribution of both first-author and co-authored papers is quite broad; there is no apparent threshold of publications necessary to obtain these fellowships. We also examined the post-PhD publication rates for each of the three fellowship programs, between male and female recipients, across the four years of the analysis and find no consistent trends. We hope that these findings will prove a useful reference to future junior scientists.
description: Accepted to PASP, 11 pages, 6 figures. V2 includes minor edits
Medetera kerzhneri Negrobov 1966
Creators: name: Bächli, Gerhard
name: Merz, Bernhard
name: Haenni, Jean-Paul
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Dolichopodidae
Medetera
Medetera kerzhneri

description: Medetera kerzhneri Negrobov, 1966. (Naglis 2010a).
description: Published as part of Bächli, Gerhard, Merz, Bernhard & Haenni, Jean-Paul, 2014, Dritter Nachtrag zur Checkliste der Diptera der Schweiz, pp. 119-140 in Entomo Helvetica 7 on page 125, DOI: 10.5169/seals-985967, http://zenodo.org/record/8096745
MOESM7 of Differential gene expression, including Sjfs800, in Schistosoma japonicum females at pre-pairing, initial pairing and oviposition
Creators: name: Liu, Fengchun
name: Ding, Han
name: Tian, Jiaming
name: Zhou, Congyu
name: Yang, Fei
name: Shao, Wei
name: Du, Yinan
name: Hou, Xin
name: Ren, Cuiping
name: Shen, Jijia
name: Liu, Miao
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 7: Table S6. The number of paired worms after RNA interference.
Transition Matrix Monte Carlo Method
Creators: name: Wang, Jian-Sheng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze a new Monte Carlo method which uses transition matrix in the space of energy. This method gives an efficient reweighting technique. The associated artificial dynamics is a constrained random walk in energy, producing the result that correlation time is proportional to the specific heat.
description: LaTeX, 8 pages, 1 figure
Hysteretic thermodynamic uncertainty relation for systems with broken time-reversal symmetry
Creators: name: Proesmans, Karel
name: Horowitz, Jordan M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The thermodynamic uncertainty relation gives a lower bound on the amount of dissipation in a mesoscopic system. By considering the fluctuations in the hysteresis of the current -- the sum of the currents in the time-forward and time-reversed processes -- we extend this relation to systems with broken time-reversal symmetry, either due to the presence of odd state variables, odd driving field or due to explicit time-dependent driving that is time-reversal asymmetric. We illustrate our predictions on a dilute, weakly-interacting gas driven out of equilibrium by the slow compression of a piston and on a ballistic multi-terminal conductor with an external magnetic field.
TASHKENT SUBWAY TODAY AND IN THE FUTURE
Creators: name: Ishankhodjaev, A.
name: Dzhumabaev, S.
name: Usmonov, D.
Publisher: name: Sciences of Europe
Year: 2021
Subjects: Tunnels
underground
girders
open way stilling tunnels

description: The general characteristics of earthquake-resistant structures of running tunnels and shallow underground stations of the Tashkent subway developed and implemented in the design and construction of the first Chilanzar, the second Uzbekistan and the third Yunusabad lines of the Tashkent subway are given. The results of the experimental research carried out by the theoretician are described. The necessity of creating new lines is substantiated. The features of constructive solutions of overhead lines are described.
Microlensing Results Challenge the Core Accretion Runaway Growth Scenario for Gas Giants
Creators: name: Suzuki, Daisuke
name: Bennett, David P.
name: Ida, Shigeru
name: Mordasini, Christoph
name: Bhattacharya, Aparna
name: Bond, Ian A.
name: Donachie, Martin
name: Fukui, Akihiko
name: Hirao, Yuki
name: Koshimoto, Naoki
name: Miyazaki, Shota
name: Nagakane, Masayuki
name: Ranc, Clément
name: Rattenbury, Nicholas J.
name: Sumi, Takahiro
name: Alibert, Yann
name: Lin, Douglas N. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compare the planet-to-star mass-ratio distribution measured by gravitational microlensing to core accretion theory predictions from population synthesis models. The core accretion theory's runaway gas accretion process predicts a dearth of intermediate-mass giant planets that is not seen in the microlensing results. In particular, the models predict $\sim10\,\times$ fewer planets at mass ratios of $10^{-4} \leq q \leq 4 \times 10^{-4}$ than inferred from microlensing observations. This tension implies that gas giant formation may involve processes that have hitherto been overlooked by existing core accretion models or that the planet-forming environment varies considerably as a function of host-star mass. Variation from the usual assumptions for the protoplanetary disk viscosity and thickness could reduce this discrepancy, but such changes might conflict with microlensing results at larger or smaller mass ratios, or with other observations. The resolution of this discrepancy may have important implications for planetary habitability because it has been suggested that the runaway gas accretion process may have triggered the delivery of water to our inner solar system. So, an understanding of giant planet formation may help us to determine the occurrence rate of habitable planets.
description: 12 pages, 2 figures, 1 table, accepted for publication in ApJL
Trajectory versus probability density entropy
Creators: name: Bologna, Mauro
name: Grigolini, Paolo
name: Karagiorgis, Markos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the problem of entropy increase of the Bernoulli-shift map without recourse to the concept of trajectory and we discuss whether, and under which conditions if it does, the distribution density entropy coincides with the Kolmogorov-Sinai entropy, namely, with the trajectory entropy.
description: 24 pages
Angular momentum regulates HI gas content and HI central hole size in the discs of spirals
Creators: name: Murugeshan, Chandrashekar
name: Kilborn, Virginia
name: Obreschkow, Danail
name: Glazebrook, Karl
name: Lutz, Katharina
name: Džudžar, Robert
name: Dénes, Helga
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The neutral atomic hydrogen (HI) content of spiral galaxies has been observed to vary with environment, with more HI-deficient spirals residing in high density environments. This can be attributed to environmental effects such as ram pressure stripping and tidal interactions, which remove HI from the discs of galaxies. However, some spirals in low-density environments have also been observed to have relatively low HI mass fractions. The low densities of the Intergalactic Medium and lack of nearby galaxies in such environments make ram pressure stripping and tidal interactions unlikely candidates of gas removal. What then could be making these spirals HI deficient? Obreschkow et al. introduced a parameter-free model for the neutral atomic gas fraction ($f_{atm}$), in a symmetric equilibrium disc as a function of the global atomic stability parameter ($q$), which depends on specific angular momentum. In order to examine if this model accounts for HI-deficient galaxies in low-density environments, we have used the $M_{HI} ~-$ M$_{R}$ scaling relation to select six HI-deficient spiral galaxies and observed them with the ATCA. By measuring their $f_{atm}$ and $q$ values we find that the galaxies owe their observed HI deficiencies to low specific angular momenta. Additionally, we also find that the central HI hole sizes of our sample galaxies are related to their $q$ values, following the prediction of Obreschkow et al. This result brings to light the importance of angular momentum in understanding the physics of the interstellar medium in the discs of galaxies and consequently their evolution.
description: 17 pages, 11 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Medetera kowarzi Negrobov 1974
Creators: name: Bächli, Gerhard
name: Merz, Bernhard
name: Haenni, Jean-Paul
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Dolichopodidae
Medetera
Medetera kowarzi

description: Medetera kowarzi Negrobov, 1974. (Naglis 2010a).
description: Published as part of Bächli, Gerhard, Merz, Bernhard & Haenni, Jean-Paul, 2014, Dritter Nachtrag zur Checkliste der Diptera der Schweiz, pp. 119-140 in Entomo Helvetica 7 on page 125, DOI: 10.5169/seals-985967, http://zenodo.org/record/8096745
Fixed Point of the Finite System DMRG
Creators: name: Takasaki, H.
name: Hikihara, T.
name: Nishino, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The density matrix renormalization group (DMRG) is a numerical method that optimizes a variational state expressed by a tensor product. We show that the ground state is not fully optimized as far as we use the standard finite system algorithm, that uses the block structure B**B. This is because the tensors are not improved directly. We overcome this problem by using the simpler block structure B*B for the final several sweeps in the finite iteration process. It is possible to increase the numerical precision of the finite system algorithm without increasing the computational effort.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures
Path Integral Monte Carlo Simulation of the Low-Density Hydrogen Plasma
Creators: name: Militzer, B.
name: Ceperley, D. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Restricted path integral Monte Carlo simulations are used to calculate the equilibrium properties of hydrogen in the density and temperature range of $9.83 \times 10^{-4}\rm \leq ρ\leq 0.153 \rm gcm^{-3}$ and $5000 \leq T \leq 250 000 \rm K$. We test the accuracy of the pair density matrix and analyze the dependence on the system size, on the time step of the path integral and on the type of nodal surface. We calculate the equation of state and compare with other models for hydrogen valid in this regime. Further, we characterize the state of hydrogen and describe the changes from a plasma to an atomic and molecular liquid by analyzing the pair correlation functions and estimating the number of atoms and molecules present.
description: 12 pages, 21 figures, submitted for Phys. Rev. E
Additional file 1: of Raw meat-based diets for dogs: survey of owners’ motivations, attitudes and practices
Creators: name: Morelli, Giada
name: Bastianello, Sofia
name: Catellani, Paolo
name: Ricci, Rebecca
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: Translated Survey. This document provides the questionnaire translated into English. The questions were numbered sequentially, from number 1 to 44, and were divided into three sections (1–9: information about the owner; 10–17: dog’s signalment; 18–44: dog owner’s attitudes regarding RMBDs). If multiple answers were possible, this was specified in brackets after the question. (DOCX 19 kb)
2900 square degree search for the optical counterpart of short gamma-ray burst GRB 180523B with the Zwicky Transient Facility
Creators: name: Coughlin, Michael W.
name: Ahumada, Tomas
name: Cenko, S. Bradley
name: Cunningham, Virginia
name: Ghosh, Shaon
name: Singer, Leo P.
name: Bellm, Eric C.
name: Burns, Eric
name: De, Kishalay
name: Goldstein, Adam
name: Golkhou, V. Zach
name: Kaplan, David L.
name: Kasliwal, Mansi M.
name: Perley, Daniel A.
name: Sollerman, Jesper
name: Bagdasaryan, Ashot
name: Dekany, Richard G.
name: Duev, Dmitry A.
name: Feeney, Michael
name: Graham, Matthew J.
name: Hale, David
name: Kulkarni, Shri R.
name: Kupfer, Thomas
name: Laher, Russ R.
name: Mahabal, Ashish
name: Masci, Frank J.
name: Miller, Adam A.
name: Neill, James D.
name: Patterson, Maria T
name: Riddle, Reed
name: Rusholme, Ben
name: Smith, Roger
name: Tachibana, Yutaro
name: Walters, Richard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: There is significant interest in the models for production of short gamma-ray bursts. Until now, the number of known short gamma-ray bursts with multi-wavelength afterglows has been small. While the {\it Fermi} Gamma-Ray Burst Monitor detects many gamma-ray bursts relative to the Neil Gehrels {\it Swift} Observatory, the large localization regions makes the search for counterparts difficult. With the Zwicky Transient Facility recently achieving first light, it is now fruitful to use its combination of depth ($m_\textrm{AB} \sim 20.6$), field of view ($\approx$ 47 square degrees), and survey cadence (every $\sim 3$ days) to perform Target of Opportunity observations. We demonstrate this capability on GRB 180523B, which was recently announced by the {\it Fermi} Gamma-Ray Burst Monitor as a short gamma-ray burst. ZTF imaged $\approx$ 2900\,square degrees of the localization region, resulting in the coverage of 61.6\,\% of the enclosed probability over 2 nights to a depth of $m_\textrm{AB} \sim 20.5$. We characterized 14 previously unidentified transients, and none were found to be consistent with a short gamma-ray burst counterpart. This search with the Zwicky Transient Facility shows it is an efficient camera for searching for coarsely-localized short gamma-ray burst and gravitational-wave counterparts, allowing for a sensitive search with minimal interruption to its nominal cadence.
Cortical Mirror-System Activation During Real-Life Game Playing: An Intracranial Electroencephalography (EEG) Study
Creators: name: Kern, Markus
name: Ruescher, Johanna
name: Schulze-Bonhage, Andreas
name: Ball, Tonio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Analogous to the mirror neuron system repeatedly described in monkeys as a possible substrate for imitation learning and/or action understanding, a neuronal execution/observation matching system (OEMS) is assumed in humans, but little is known to what extent this system is activated in non-experimental, real-life conditions. In the present case study, we investigated brain activity of this system during natural, non-experimental motor behavior as it occurred during playing of the board game "Malefiz". We compared spectral modulations of the high-gamma band related to ipsilateral reaching movement execution and observation of the same kind of movement using electrocorticography (ECoG) in one participant. Spatially coincident activity during both conditions execution and observation was recorded at electrode contacts over the premotor/primary motor cortex. The topography and amplitude of the high-gamma modulations related to both, movement observation and execution were clearly spatially correlated over several fronto-parietal brain areas. Thus, our findings indicate that a network of cortical areas contributes to the human OEMS, beyond primary/premotor cortex including Brocas area and the temporo-parieto-occipital junction area, in real-life conditions.
description: 4 pages, 2 figure, CCN 2018 conference paper
Upper critical field for electrons in two-dimensional lattice
Creators: name: Mierzejewski, Marcin
name: Maska, Maciej M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We address a problem of the upper critical field in a lattice described by a two-dimensional tight-binding model with the on-site pairing. We develop a finite-system-approach which enables investigation of magnetic and superconducting properties of electrons on clusters, consisting of a few thousand sites. We discuss how the quasiparticle density of states changes with the applied external magnetic field and present the temperature dependence of the upper critical field. We also briefly discuss possible extension of the model to account for the properties of high-temperature superconductors.
description: 4 pages, 3 postscript figures, revtex
Helical close packings of ideal ropes
Creators: name: Przybyl, S.
name: Pieranski, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Closely packed conformations of helices formed on the ideal rope are considered. The pitch versus radius relations which define a closely packed helix are determined. The relations stem from the turn-to-turn distance and curvature limiting conditions. Plots of the relations are shown to cross each other. The physical sense of the crossing point is discussed.
description: 14 pages, 10 figures
Antiferromagnetic Zigzag Spin Chain in Magnetic Fields at Finite Temperatures
Creators: name: Maeshima, Nobuya
name: Okunishi, Kouichi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study thermodynamic behaviors of the antiferromagnetic zigzag spin chain in magnetic fields, using the density-matrix renormalization group method for the quantum transfer matrix. We focus on the thermodynamics of the system near the critical fields in the ground-state magnetization process($M$-$H$ curve): the saturation field, the lower critical field associated with excitation gap, and the field at the middle-field cusp singularity. We calculate magnetization, susceptibility and specific heat of the zigzag chain in magnetic fields at finite temperatures, and then discuss how the calculated quantities reflect the low-lying excitations of the system related with the critical behaviors in the $M$-$H$ curve.
description: accepted for publication in Physical Review B
X-ray absorption via electron-ion bremsstrahlung in Maxwellian plasma at the exact consideration of Coulomb potential
Creators: name: Ghazaryan, A. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Based on the results of exact consideration of electron-ion Coulomb interaction, by numerical simulations for ultimate absorption coefficient, we study the practically more interesting case of absorption of hard x-ray quanta of frequency when photon energy is of the order of plasma temperature, in high temperature plasma, within the high nuclear charges as well (at which the Born approximation is not applicable), constituting the temperature dependence of one-photon absorption coefficient. It is shown that one can achieve the efficient absorption coefficient in these cases.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
Additional file 1: of Characterization of an immortalized human small airway basal stem/progenitor cell line with airway region-specific differentiation capacity
Creators: name: Wang, Guoqing
name: Lou, Howard
name: Salit, Jacqueline
name: Leopold, Philip
name: Driscoll, Sharon
name: Schymeinsky, Juergen
name: Quast, Karsten
name: Visvanathan, Sudha
name: Fine, Jay
name: Thomas, Matthew
name: Crystal, Ronald
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Table S1. List of primers for TaqMan assays. Table S2. List of immunity-related genes among the top 1500 up-regulated genes expressed by hSABCi-NS1.1 on air-liquid interface. Figure S1. Morphology of hSABCi-NS1.1 at late passage. Figure S2. Basal cell marker KRT5 staining in the parental cell prior to immortalization. (PDF 641 kb)
MOESM2 of Adiponectin and insulin resistance are related to restenosis and overall new PCI in subjects with normal glucose tolerance: the prospective AIRE Study
Creators: name: Sasso, Ferdinando
name: Pafundi, Pia
name: Marfella, Raffaele
name: Calabrò, Paolo
name: Piscione, Federico
name: Furbatto, Fulvio
name: Esposito, Giovanni
name: Galiero, Raffaele
name: Gragnano, Felice
name: Rinaldi, Luca
name: Salvatore, Teresa
name: D’Amico, Michele
name: Adinolfi, Luigi
name: Sardu, Celestino
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Physiology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Additional file 2: Table S1. Characteristics of the study population, according to the occurrence or not of PCI for de novo IHD (n = 51).
Degenerate Feedback Loops in Recommender Systems
Creators: name: Jiang, Ray
name: Chiappa, Silvia
name: Lattimore, Tor
name: György, András
name: Kohli, Pushmeet
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Machine learning is used extensively in recommender systems deployed in products. The decisions made by these systems can influence user beliefs and preferences which in turn affect the feedback the learning system receives - thus creating a feedback loop. This phenomenon can give rise to the so-called "echo chambers" or "filter bubbles" that have user and societal implications. In this paper, we provide a novel theoretical analysis that examines both the role of user dynamics and the behavior of recommender systems, disentangling the echo chamber from the filter bubble effect. In addition, we offer practical solutions to slow down system degeneracy. Our study contributes toward understanding and developing solutions to commonly cited issues in the complex temporal scenario, an area that is still largely unexplored.
MOESM1 of Temporal relationship between inflammation and insulin resistance and their joint effect on hyperglycemia: the Bogalusa Heart Study
Creators: name: Yan, Yinkun
name: Li, Shengxu
name: Liu, Yang
name: Bazzano, Lydia
name: He, Jiang
name: Mi, Jie
name: Chen, Wei
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Additional file 1. Additional figures.
Medetera lorea Negrobov 1967
Creators: name: Bächli, Gerhard
name: Merz, Bernhard
name: Haenni, Jean-Paul
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Dolichopodidae
Medetera
Medetera lorea

description: Medetera lorea Negrobov, 1967.
 1 ♀, Prugiasco (TI), 560 m, 20.– 24.05.2000, leg. A.-S. Gamboni e M. Moretti (MCSN). Neufund.
description: Published as part of Bächli, Gerhard, Merz, Bernhard & Haenni, Jean-Paul, 2014, Dritter Nachtrag zur Checkliste der Diptera der Schweiz, pp. 119-140 in Entomo Helvetica 7 on page 125, DOI: 10.5169/seals-985967, http://zenodo.org/record/8096745
Entropic C-theorems in free and interacting two-dimensional field theories
Creators: name: Gaite, Jose
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The relative entropy in two-dimensional field theory is studied on a cylinder geometry, interpreted as finite-temperature field theory. The width of the cylinder provides an infrared scale that allows us to define a dimensionless relative entropy analogous to Zamolodchikov's $c$ function. The one-dimensional quantum thermodynamic entropy gives rise to another monotonic dimensionless quantity. I illustrate these monotonicity theorems with examples ranging from free field theories to interacting models soluble with the thermodynamic Bethe ansatz. Both dimensionless entropies are explicitly shown to be monotonic in the examples that we analyze.
description: 34 pages, 3 figures (8 EPS files), Latex2e file, continuation of hep-th/9710241; rigorous analysis of sufficient conditions for universality of the dimensionless relative entropy, more detailed discussion of the relation with Zamolodchikov's theorem, references added; to appear in Phys. Rev. D
Additional file 1: of Favourable prognosis of trigeminal neuralgia when enrolled in a multidisciplinary management program - a two-year prospective real-life study
Creators: name: Heinskou, Tone
name: Maarbjerg, Stine
name: Wolfram, Frauke
name: Rochat, Per
name: Brennum, Jannick
name: Olesen, Jes
name: Bendtsen, Lars
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases

description: Supplementary material S1. Trigeminal neuralgia semi-structured interview. (DOCX 35 kb)
Composable Probabilistic Inference Networks Using MRAM-based Stochastic Neurons
Creators: name: Zand, Ramtin
name: Camsari, Kerem Y.
name: Datta, Supriyo
name: DeMara, Ronald F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Emerging Technologies (cs.ET)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Magnetoresistive random access memory (MRAM) technologies with thermally unstable nanomagnets are leveraged to develop an intrinsic stochastic neuron as a building block for restricted Boltzmann machines (RBMs) to form deep belief networks (DBNs). The embedded MRAM-based neuron is modeled using precise physics equations. The simulation results exhibit the desired sigmoidal relation between the input voltages and probability of the output state. A probabilistic inference network simulator (PIN-Sim) is developed to realize a circuit-level model of an RBM utilizing resistive crossbar arrays along with differential amplifiers to implement the positive and negative weight values. The PIN-Sim is composed of five main blocks to train a DBN, evaluate its accuracy, and measure its power consumption. The MNIST dataset is leveraged to investigate the energy and accuracy tradeoffs of seven distinct network topologies in SPICE using the 14nm HP-FinFET technology library with the nominal voltage of 0.8V, in which an MRAM-based neuron is used as the activation function. The software and hardware level simulations indicate that a $784\times200\times10$ topology can achieve less than 5% error rates with $\sim400 pJ$ energy consumption. The error rates can be reduced to 2.5% by using a $784\times500\times500\times500\times10$ DBN at the cost of $\sim10\times$ higher energy consumption and significant area overhead. Finally, the effects of specific hardware-level parameters on power dissipation and accuracy tradeoffs are identified via the developed PIN-Sim framework.