cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Recession in Review: The Alberta Economy and Employment “Weathering the Storm”
Creators: name: Emter, Nicholas A.
name: Emter, Nicholas A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Labor and Human Capital
subject: Public Economics
subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: Alberta
subject: recession
subject: unemployment rate
subject: participation rate
subject: employment
subject: EI beneficiaries
subject: leading indicators
subject: lagging indicators
subject: recovery

description: Over the past year and a half, Canada, along with the rest of the world, experienced an economic downturn, the likes of which had not been seen since the Great Depression of the 1930s. After more than a decade of relatively stable economic growth that culminated in the housing market bubble collapse in the U.S., the world financial system, and subsequently the world economy began to fall apart. Massive, previously unseen, fiscal stimulus expenditure in the form of both infrastructure spending and ‘bailouts’ was undertaken in the U.S., and to a lesser degree in Canada, in order to stabilize the banking and financial systems, spur demand, and carry the economy on the path of expansion. Now, in the first months of 2010, many economic indicators indicate that the worst has passed and Canada is on the path to economic recovery, but the process is likely to be long. Such indicators, however, must be interpreted with caution. Although aggregate output, as seen below, grew in the second and third quarters of 2009, after two quarters of negative growth, in which Canada was in the textbook definition of a recession, labour force statistics still suggest that recovery is occurring at a slow pace, and many jobs are yet to be ‘reborn’. Furthermore, government deficit and debt problems, especially those in the U.S., do not bode well. Roughly 75% of Canada’s exports and 87% of Alberta’s exports (2008 values) are destined for the U.S., so a slumbering American economy is sure to have adverse impacts north of the border. 2 In light of these facts, what follows is a summary of the recession, from both the output and input sides of the Alberta economy. First, aggregate output data is analyzed, then leading macroeconomic indicators are presented. These two sections paint a relatively positive picture of recovery. Following is an analysis of the labor force statistics, typically lagging variables, which tell a very different story. Sector analysis is included for the oil and gas, construction, manufacturing, wholesale, transportation and warehousing, and professional and technical service sectors. All reported figures are unadjusted unless otherwise indicated primarily because seasonally adjusted figures for most indicators are typically published by Statistics Canada with a three month lag.
ALBERTA AND THE EU-27: PAST TRADE RELATIONS AND FUTURE OPPORTUNITIES
Creators: name: Emter, Nicholas A.
name: Mirus, Rolf
name: Emter, Nicholas A.
name: Mirus, Rolf
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: International Development
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Political Economy
subject: Public Economics
subject: Canada
subject: EU
subject: international trade
subject: trade
subject: imports
subject: exports
subject: commercial services exports
subject: merchandise exports
subject: commercial services imports
subject: merchandise imports
subject: manufactured goods
subject: commodities

description: Canada and the EU-27 are negotiating a comprehensive economic partnership agreement against the backdrop of the stalled multilateral negotiations under the auspices of the World Trade Organization (WTO). The new agreement is expected to stimulate trade, investment, and technology transfer between the two partners. This report provides a review of the last 15 years of Alberta’s experience in exporting goods to the EU-27, with the goal of gaining insights into how freer trade could affect future exports to the region. First, we summarize the state of bilateral economic relations between the prospective partners, relying in part on a study jointly sponsored by the EU and the Government of Canada. The second part focuses on the exports to the EU from Alberta and from the four Western provinces as a group. In particular, the key export products are shown and how these exports evolved relative to those to other markets. Finally, we discuss tariff- and non-tariff barriers facing Alberta exporters and how an agreement could improve trading with the EU.
Underwater litter monitoring using consumer-grade aerial-aquatic speedy scanner (AASS) and deep learning based super-resolution reconstruction and detection network
Creators: name: Zhao, Fan
name: Liu, Yongying
name: Wang, Jiaqi
name: Chen, Yijia
name: Xi, Dianhan
name: Shao, Xinlei
name: Tabeta, Shigeru
name: Mizuno, Katsunori
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Underwater litter is widely spread across aquatic environments such as lakes, rivers, and oceans, significantly impacting natural ecosystems. Current monitoring technologies for detecting underwater litter face limitations in survey efficiency, cost, and environmental conditions, highlighting the need for efficient, consumer-grade technologies for automatic detection. This research introduces the Aerial-Aquatic Speedy Scanner (AASS) combined with Super-Resolution Reconstruction (SRR) and an improved YOLOv8 detection network. AASS enhances data acquisition efficiency over traditional methods, capturing high-quality images that accurately identify underwater waste. SRR improves image-resolution by mitigating motion blur and insufficient resolution, thereby enhancing detection tasks. Specifically, the RCAN model achieved the highest mean average precision (mAP) of 78.6% for detection accuracy on reconstructed images among the tested SRR models. With a magnification factor of 4, the SRR test set shows an improved mAP compared to the conventional bicubic set. These results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method in detecting underwater litter.
description: The earlier version of this conference paper was accepted at OCEANS 2024-Halifax, Canada and was selected for inclusion in the Student Poster Competition (SPC) Program
3D Ultrasound Computer Tomography for Breast Cancer Diagnosis at KIT: an Overview
Creators: name: Ruiter, Nicole V.
name: Hopp, Torsten
name: Zapf, Michael
name: Menshikov, Alexander
name: Kaiser, C.
name: Gemmeke, Hartmut
Publisher: name: KIT Scientific Publishing
Year: 2018

description: 3D Ultrasound Computer Tomography (USCT) emitting and receiving spherical wave fronts overcomes the limitations of 2D systems by offering a nearly isotropic 3D point spread function, a large depth of field, less loss of out-of-plane reflections, and fast 3D data acquisition. 3D devices for clinical practice require a more complex hard- and software due to the huge data rate, time-consuming image reconstruction, and large number of small transducers. The here reviewed KIT 3D USCT is a prototype for clinical studies, which realizes for the first time the full benefits of a 3D system.
WESTERN ECONOMIC EXPECTATIONS SURVEY: MARCH, 2010
Creators: name: Brisbois, Jason
name: Emter, Nicholas A.
name: Frost, Jean
name: Gibbins, Dan
name: Marcil, Jacques
name: Brisbois, Jason
name: Emter, Nicholas A.
name: Frost, Jean
name: Gibbins, Dan
name: Marcil, Jacques
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: International Development
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Political Economy
subject: Public Economics
subject: Western Economy
subject: economic expectations
subject: economists
subject: survey
subject: expectations

description: The online Western Economic Expectations survey solicits views on the future economic performance of the western provinces and the country from over 2,000 economists and financial analysts who are closest to the working details of the Western Canadian economy. The survey covers people who use economics in their work, in universities and colleges, industry associations, economic development agencies, the private sector and the public service across Western Canada. The survey is conducted through a partnership between Alberta’s two premier economic and policy research centres, the Canada West Foundation in Calgary and the Western Centre for Economic Research at the University of Alberta’s School of Business in Edmonton, It is the only survey that solicits economic views from people in all four western provinces. The survey is conducted electronically three times a year with the results released in October, February and June. In addition to economic expectations, each survey explores a timely economic issue such as the impact of the economic stimulus package, protectionism or expansion in international trade, or environmental protection, Each survey also includes one open-ended question such as ‚What products or services from Western Canada hold the greatest future potential for exporting to other countries over the next ten years?‛ The results are publicized in Information Bulletins and through a series of news releases following each survey. The results will provide public policy practitioners with useful information about how Western Canadians view their economic prospects and current economic policy issues.
Testing Construct Validity of River Recreation Use Values: A Comparison of Direct Elicitation of Use Values to Use Values Inferred Indirectly from WTP for Total Economic Value
Creators: name: Loomis, John B.
name: Loomis, John B.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Public Economics
subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: contingent valuation
subject: instream flow
subject: recreation benefits
subject: total economic value
subject: Colorado

description: The Total Economic Value (TEV of on-site use and passive use values) of avoiding a 50% reduction in current early summer high flows is estimated for a western urban river in Colorado. Using a contingent valuation method (CVM) survey of households we found that willingness to pay (WTP) for TEV of city households was $234 per year, with most of this value, $207, being use value. Using a second CVM question specifically about recreation use value of visitors yielded an estimated annual WTP of $156 per year. Given the large variances in estimated WTP, the two estimates of recreation use value are not significantly different. Summing up the TEV’s per household in the city yields an annual value of $171 to $255 per acre foot, several times larger than annual water lease rates in Northern Colorado.
description: Instream Flow, Colorado
ALBERTA’S EXPORT EXPERIENCE UNDER FREE TRADE AGREEMENTS, 1989-2008: TWENTY YEARS OF FREE TRADE
Creators: name: Mirus, Rolf
name: Emter, Nicholas A.
name: Mirus, Rolf
name: Emter, Nicholas A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: International Development
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: NAFTA
subject: FTA
subject: Free Trade Areas
subject: preferential trade agreements
subject: imports
subject: exports
subject: Alberta
subject: United States
subject: US
subject: trade patterns
subject: trade relations
subject: Mexico

description: The period of free trade from 1989 to 2008 coincided with a strong expansion of Alberta’s exports. Our review shows that several factors contributed to this success. In addition to favorable trends in energy and commodity prices, the improved access to the US and Mexican markets that resulted from the CUSFTA and NAFTA are shown to be major causes of the positive development of Alberta’s exports. In particular, the significant increase in manufacturing exports can be attributed to the free trade agreements because manufacturing products face higher tariffs in export markets than do raw materials and energy products. Alberta’s manufacturing sector, therefore, emerges as a major beneficiary of freer trade. As a result, Alberta’s economy has become more diversified into higher value-added export products. Even though this diversification is still related to the energy sector, it represents increased technological sophistication and human-capital intensity, and this is welcome. Alberta’s export success has made it more dependent on NAFTA markets and, therefore, more susceptible to economic downturns originating in the US, as recent experience has shown. Protectionism and difficulties at the US border are the challenges that now loom. Yet, the opportunities that freer trade brought and that led to Alberta’s export success over the last 20 years have been a very good news story for all Albertans. The benefits of freer trade are, of course, much higher than just the additional export revenue and the related job creation. A full compilation of the benefits of freer trade would have to include the increased purchasing power of Alberta households that derived from access to lower priced imported products. That task, however, is beyond our mandated focus on exports.
Generalized semi-analytical solution for coupled multispecies advection-dispersion equations in multilayer porous media
Creators: name: Carr, Elliot J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Multispecies contaminant transport in the Earth's subsurface is commonly modelled using advection-dispersion equations coupled via first-order reactions. Analytical and semi-analytical solutions for such problems are highly sought after but currently limited to either one species, homogeneous media, certain reaction networks, specific boundary conditions or a combination thereof. In this paper, we develop a semi-analytical solution for the case of a heterogeneous layered medium and a general first-order reaction network. Our approach combines a transformation method to decouple the multispecies equations with a recently developed semi-analytical solution for the single-species advection-dispersion-reaction equation in layered media. The generalized solution is valid for arbitrary numbers of species and layers, general Robin-type conditions at the inlet and outlet and accommodates both distinct retardation factors across layers or distinct retardation factors across species. Four test cases are presented to demonstrate the solution approach with the reported results in agreement with previously published results and numerical results obtained via finite volume discretisation. MATLAB code implementing the generalized semi-analytical solution is made available.
description: 15 pages, 3 figures, accepted version of paper published in Applied Mathematical Modelling
ESTUDIO DE LA PERCEPCIÓN DE LOS ESTUDIANTES DE INGENIERÍA CIVIL SOBRE LA EDUCACIÓN VIRTUAL
Creators: name: Rocha, Joaquin Humberto Aquino
name: Cadario, Carla Gorena
name: Janco, Mauricio Alex Veliz
name: Villaruel, Fernando Juan Escobedo
name: Belmonte, Sergio Rodríguez
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 90599 Civil Engineering not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Civil engineering

description: La pandemia de COVID-19 ha llevado a la suspensión de la modalidad presencial en todas las instituciones de educación, optando por la virtualidad como alternativa. La presente investigación tiene como objetivo determinar la percepción de los estudiantes de ingeniería civil de la Universidad Privada del Valle sobre la modalidad virtual vs. la presencial. La metodología consistió en la elaboración de un cuestionario en línea, enviado a los estudiantes por medio de canales oficiales de la Universidad. Se consultaron seis aspectos referentes a educación virtual: valoración general, métodos de evaluación, recursos utilizados, desempeño docente, prácticas de laboratorio y atención institucional. Los resultados muestran que la modalidad presencial tiene mayor aceptación en cinco de los aspectos consultados, siendo solo superada por la virtualidad en los recursos utilizados. A pesar de la amplia diferencia, ambas modalidades son percibidas positivamente, indicando aceptación y el desarrollo de competencias digitales.
The Stable Manifold Theorem for Semilinear Stochastic Evolution Equations and Stochastic Partial Differential Equations II: Existence of stable and unstable manifolds
Creators: name: Mohammed, Salah-Eldin A.
name: Zhang, Tusheng
name: Zhao, Huaizhong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60H10; 60H20; 60H25

description: This article is a sequel to [M.Z.Z.1] aimed at completing the characterization of the pathwise local structure of solutions of semilinear stochastic evolution equations (see's) and stochastic partial differential equations (spde's) near stationary solutions. Stationary solution are viewed as random points in the infinite-dimensional state space, and the characterization is expressed in terms of the almost sure long-time behavior of trajectories of the equation in relation to the stationary solution. More specifically, we establish local stable manifold theorems for semilinear see's and spde's (Theorems 4.1-4.4). These results give smooth stable and unstable manifolds in the neighborhood of a hyperbolic stationary solution of the underlying stochastic equation. The stable and unstable manifolds are stationary, live in a stationary tubular neighborhood of the stationary solution and are asymptotically invariant under the stochastic semiflow of the see/spde. The proof uses infinite-dimensional multiplicative ergodic theory techniques and interpolation arguments (Theorem 2.1).
description: 47 pages, 3 figures
Pairing interactions and pairing mechanism in high temperature copper oxide superconductors
Creators: name: Zhao, Guo-meng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The polaron binding energy E_{p} in undoped parent cuprates has been determined to be about 1.0 eV from the unconventional oxygen-isotope effect on the antiferromagnetic ordering temperature. The deduced value of E_{p} is in quantitative agreement with that estimated from independent optical data and that estimated theoretically from the measured dielectric constants. The substantial oxygen-isotope effect on the in-plane supercarrier mass observed in optimally doped cuprates suggests that polarons are bound into the Cooper pairs. We also identify the phonon modes that are strongly coupled to conduction electrons from the angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy, tunneling spectra, and optical data. We consistently show that there is a very strong electron-phonon coupling feature at a phonon energy of about 20 meV along the antinodal direction and that this coupling becomes weaker towards the diagonal direction. We further show that high-temperature superconductivity in cuprates is caused by strong electron-phonon coupling, polaronic effect, and significant coupling with 2 eV Cu-O charge transfer fluctuation.
description: 11 pages, 7 figures
ஆசாரகோவையில் பாடுபொருள் மாற்றங்கள்
Creators: name: Kala, Sree
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 200315 Indian Languages
subject: FOS: Languages and literature
subject: 200520 Indian Literature

description: இலக்கியத்தின் பாடுபொருள் காலத்திற்கு தகுந்தவாறு மாறிக்கொண்டு வருகின்றது ஆசாரகோவை அக்கால மக்கள் வாழ்வில் பின்பற்றவேண்டிய ஒழுக்கங்களை விளக்குகிறது தனிமனித ஒழுக்கமே சமூக ஒழுக்கமாக மாறுகின்றன காலமாற்றத்தாலும் கலாச்சார மாற்றத்தாலும் இன்றைய தலைமுறையினர் இந்த ஆச்சாரங்களை விட்டு வாழ்கின்றனர்
Forecasting the accuracy of velocity-field reconstruction
Creators: name: Blake, Chris
name: Turner, Ryan J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Joint analyses of the large-scale distribution of galaxies, and their motions under the gravitational influence of this density field, allow powerful tests of the cosmological model, including measurement of the growth rate of cosmic structure. In this paper we perform a statistical comparison between two important classes of method for performing these tests. In the first method, which we refer to as the "power-spectrum method", we measure the 2-point power spectra between the velocity and density tracers, and jointly fit these statistics using theoretical models. In the second method, which we refer to as the "reconstruction-and-scaling method", we use the density tracers to reconstruct a model velocity field through space, which we compare with the measured galaxy velocities on a point-by-point basis. By generating an ensemble of numerical simulations in a simplified test scenario, we show that the error in the growth rate inferred by the reconstruction-and-scaling method may be under-estimated, unless the full covariances of the underlying and reconstructed velocity fields are included in the analysis. In this case the inferred growth rate errors agree with both the power-spectrum method and a Fisher matrix forecast. We provide a roadmap for evaluating these covariances, considering reconstruction performed using both a Fourier basis within a cuboid, and a Spherical Fourier-Bessel basis within a curved-sky observational volume.
description: 11 pages, 5 figures, accepted for publication by The Open Journal of Astrophysics
The NuMI Neutrino Beam at Fermilab
Creators: name: Kopp, Sacha E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Neutrinos at the Main Injector (NuMI) facility at Fermilab is due to begin operations in late 2004. NuMI will deliver an intense muon neutrino beam of variable energy 2-20 GeV directed into the Earth at 58 mrad for short (~1 km) and long (~700-900 km) baseline experiments. Several aspects of the design are reviewed, as are potential upgrade requirements to the facility in the event a Proton Driver is built at Fermilab to enhance the neutrino flux.
description: Paper given at the ICFA Workshop on High Intensity Hadron Beams (HB2004), Bensheim, Germany, 18-22 October, 2004
Fair clustering via equitable group representations
Creators: name: Abbasi, Mohsen
name: Bhaskara, Aditya
name: Venkatasubramanian, Suresh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Data Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: What does it mean for a clustering to be fair? One popular approach seeks to ensure that each cluster contains groups in (roughly) the same proportion in which they exist in the population. The normative principle at play is balance: any cluster might act as a representative of the data, and thus should reflect its diversity. But clustering also captures a different form of representativeness. A core principle in most clustering problems is that a cluster center should be representative of the cluster it represents, by being "close" to the points associated with it. This is so that we can effectively replace the points by their cluster centers without significant loss in fidelity, and indeed is a common "use case" for clustering. For such a clustering to be fair, the centers should "represent" different groups equally well. We call such a clustering a group-representative clustering. In this paper, we study the structure and computation of group-representative clusterings. We show that this notion naturally parallels the development of fairness notions in classification, with direct analogs of ideas like demographic parity and equal opportunity. We demonstrate how these notions are distinct from and cannot be captured by balance-based notions of fairness. We present approximation algorithms for group representative $k$-median clustering and couple this with an empirical evaluation on various real-world data sets.
description: 11 pages, 5 figures, ACM Conference on Fairness, Accountability, and Transparency (ACM FAccT)
Triple-quark elastic scatterings and thermalization
Creators: name: Xu, Xiao-Ming
name: Ru, Peng
name: Weber, H. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Triple-quark elastic scattering amplitudes from perturbative QCD are first calculated and then used in a transport equation to study the thermalization of quark matter. By examining momentum isotropy to which the transport equation leads, we can determine thermalization time and offer an initial thermal quark distribution function. With an anisotropic initial quark distribution, which is relevant to quark matter initially created in a central Au-Au collision at \sqrt {s_{NN}}=200 GeV, the transport equation gives a time of the order of 1.8 fm/c for quark matter itself to thermalize by the triple-quark scatterings.
description: 19 pages, 4 figures, 1 table, LaTex, define u12,u13,u21,u23,u31,u32
CONCLUDING THE DOHA ROUND: AN IMPERATIVE
Creators: name: Rosario, Joe A.
name: Rosario, Joe A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Public Economics
subject: WTO
subject: international trade
subject: Doha Round
subject: trade negotiations
subject: India
subject: agriculture

description: Much water has flowed under the bridge since ministers failed to conclude world trade negotiations in July 2009. The world underwent an historical recession brought about by the U.S. financial toxic asset scandal. Global trade has declined sharply and is forecasted to decline by 9% in real terms in 2009. World economic growth rates have declined dramatically. There have been several cases of covert (and some overt) protectionism by both developed and advanced economies. Despite declarations from world leaders on several occasions for the need to refrain from protectionist measures and the need for the resumption and conclusion of the Doha Round of trade negotiations over the past nine months, no such action has materialized. The two major contestants in the July 2008 ministerial meetings have concluded their elections and politics have been the significant factor in the failure to conclude the Round. Though the one has grown in strength to afford it greater flexibility in its negotiating position, the U.S. has reportedly considered some new issues and changes to its earlier positions. Fortunately other influential players seem to remain committed to trade liberalization and a successful conclusion of the Doha Development Agenda. This article is a follow up to my commentary on these trade negotiations in Volume 2 of the Commodity Vision, Oct-Dec 2008.1 From the Indian perspective the emphasis is on still the Agriculture Package though Services and Non Agriculture Market Access (NAMA) are critical to India’s success in world trade.
A stable and accurate scheme for solving the Stefan problem coupled with natural convection using the Immersed Boundary Smooth Extension method
Creators: name: Mac Huang, Jinzi
name: Shelley, Michael J.
name: Stein, David B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The dissolution of solids has created spectacular geomorphologies ranging from centimeter-scale cave scallops to the kilometer-scale "stone forests" of China and Madagascar. Mathematically, dissolution processes are modeled by a Stefan problem, which describes how the motion of a phase-separating interface depends on local concentration gradients, coupled to a fluid flow. Simulating these problems is challenging, requiring the evolution of a free interface whose motion depends on the normal derivatives of an external field in an ever-changing domain. Moreover, density differences created in the fluid domain induce self-generated convecting flows that further complicate the numerical study of dissolution processes. In this contribution, we present a numerical method for the simulation of the Stefan problem coupled to a fluid flow. The scheme uses the Immersed Boundary Smooth Extension method to solve the bulk advection-diffusion and fluid equations in the complex, evolving geometry, coupled to a θ-L scheme that provides stable evolution of the boundary. We demonstrate third-order temporal and pointwise spatial convergence of the scheme for the classical Stefan problem, and second-order temporal and pointwise spatial convergence when coupled to flow. Examples of dissolution of solids that result in high-Rayleigh number convection are numerically studied, and qualitatively reproduce the complex morphologies observed in recent experiments.
description: For supplemental movies, see https://math.nyu.edu/~jinzi/research/IBSE/SI-Movies/
The river model of black holes
Creators: name: Hamilton, Andrew J. S.
name: Lisle, Jason P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper presents an under-appreciated way to conceptualize stationary black holes, which we call the river model. The river model is mathematically sound, yet simple enough that the basic picture can be understood by non-experts. %that can by understood by non-experts. In the river model, space itself flows like a river through a flat background, while objects move through the river according to the rules of special relativity. In a spherical black hole, the river of space falls into the black hole at the Newtonian escape velocity, hitting the speed of light at the horizon. Inside the horizon, the river flows inward faster than light, carrying everything with it. We show that the river model works also for rotating (Kerr-Newman) black holes, though with a surprising twist. As in the spherical case, the river of space can be regarded as moving through a flat background. However, the river does not spiral inward, as one might have anticipated, but rather falls inward with no azimuthal swirl at all. Instead, the river has at each point not only a velocity but also a rotation, or twist. That is, the river has a Lorentz structure, characterized by six numbers (velocity and rotation), not just three (velocity). As an object moves through the river, it changes its velocity and rotation in response to tidal changes in the velocity and twist of the river along its path. An explicit expression is given for the river field, a six-component bivector field that encodes the velocity and twist of the river at each point, and that encapsulates all the properties of a stationary rotating black hole.
description: 16 pages, 4 figures. The introduction now refers to the paper of Unruh (1981) and the extensive work on analog black holes that it spawned. Thanks to many readers for feedback that called attention to our omissions. Submitted to the American Journal of Physics
RDM Service Development Checklist
Creators: name: O'Connor, Ryan
name: Venkataraman, Shanmugasundaram
name: Delipalta, Alexandra
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Research Data Management
RDM
RDM services
Open-AIRE
RDM guide

description: Based on the Digital Curation Centre's Research Infrastructure Self-Evaluation (RISE) framework, this checklist gives an overview of the different capabilities required to develop effective research data management (RDM) support across several different levels. This guide, consisting of an infographic presenting an outline of the recommendations and explanatory text for each recommendation, presents the capabilities required at Research Group, Institution, Repository, Research Infrastructure, Funder, and National levels. It is presented on as a guide on the OpenAIRE website: https://www.openaire.eu/rdm-service-development-checklist
The Structure of Shariah Governance in Islamic Banking Industry: A Theoretical Review
Creators: name: Jan, Ahmad Ali
name: Fong-Woon Lai
name: Isa, Muhammad Pisol Bin Mat
name: Hamad, Salaheldin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 150199 Accounting, Auditing and Accountability not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: 150101 Accounting Theory and Standards

description: ABSTRACT--Shariah regulations play a fundamental role in the governance of the Islamic banking industry. The Shariah board is an essential tool of the Shariah governance. This paper aims to investigate the efficacy of Shariah governance in Islamic banks in the evolving regulatory frameworks and sheds some light on the Islamic corporate governance. This study theoretically compares different Shariah governance structures, the centralized Shariah structure followed by Pakistan, Malaysia, Iran and the decentralized Shariah structure in Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries. The Shariah board’s independence in its supervisory role is the main feature of an effective Shariah governance framework. In terms of the efficiency and credibility of Islamic banks, thecentralized Shariah structure seems to be more advantageous for the industry. The centralized Shariah structure ensures consistency and uniformity in Islamic banking in issuing the fatwas (Shariah opinions). It improves the Shariah board’s role and independence that can analyze divergence issues across the entire Shariah board. Thisstudy could be helpful to researchers, practitioners, regulators, and academicians in understanding the true picture of Shariah governance. This paper emphasizes the importance of investigating the Shariah governance in Islamic banking. The study gives a direction to empirically investigate the role of centralized and decentralized Shariahstructure on Islamic banks’ performance.
Demonstration of stable long-term operation of a kilohertz laser-plasma accelerator
Creators: name: Rovige, Lucas
name: Huijts, Julius
name: Vernier, Aline
name: Tomkus, Vidmantas
name: Girdauskas, Valdas
name: Raciukaitis, Gediminas
name: Dudutis, Juozas
name: Stankevic, Valdemar
name: Gecys, Paulius
name: Ouillé, Marie
name: Cheng, Zhao
name: Lopez-Martens, Rodrigo
name: Faure, Jérôme
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on the stable and continuous operation of a kilohertz laser-plasma accelerator. Electron bunches with 2.6 pC charge and 2.5 MeV peak energy were generated via injection and trapping in a downward plasma density ramp. This density transition was produced in a newly designed asymmetrically shocked gas nozzle. The reproducibility of the electron source was also assessed over a period of a week and found to be satisfactory with similar values of the beam charge and energy. These results show that the reproducibility and stability of the laser-plasma accelerator are greatly enhanced on the long-term scale when using a robust scheme for density gradient injection.
Universal Non-Oblique Corrections in Higgsless Models and Beyond
Creators: name: Chivukula, R. Sekhar
name: He, Hong-Jian
name: Kurachi, Masafumi
name: Simmons, Elizabeth H.
name: Tanabashi, Masaharu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently Barbieri, et al. have introduced a formalism to express the deviations of electroweak interactions from their standard model forms in "universal" theories, i.e. theories in which the corrections due to new physics can be expressed solely by modifications to the two-point correlation function of electroweak gauge currents of fermions. The parameters introduced by these authors are defined by the properties of the correlation functions at zero momentum, and differ from the quantities calculated by examining the on-shell properties of the electroweak gauge bosons. In this letter we discuss the relationship between the zero-momentum and on-shell parameters. In addition, we present the results of a calculation of these zero-momentum parameters in an arbitrary Higgsless model in which the low-energy rho parameter is one and which can be deconstructed to a linear chain of SU(2) groups adjacent to a chain of U(1) groups. Our results demonstrate the importance of the universal "non-oblique" corrections which are present and elucidate the relationships among various calculations of electroweak quantities in these models. Our expressions for these zero-momentum parameters depend only on the spectrum of heavy vector-boson masses; therefore, the minimum size of the deviations present in these models is related to the upper bound on the heavy vector-boson masses derived from unitarity. We find that these models are disfavored by precision electroweak data, independent of any assumptions about the background metric or the behavior of the bulk coupling.
description: 13 pages, 2 eps figures
Real time paper machine data wavelet analysis and cross directional actuator response identification
Creators: name: Kan, Ka Keung
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: The development of an online automated diagnostics tool for analyzing paper machine data is useful to mill operators when monitoring the performance of a cross directional (CD) control system. The use of Object linking and embedding for Process Control (OPC) interface as a medium for client-server based data acquisition provides an efficient, robust and accurate data transfer between a CD control system and a monitoring workstation. Therefore, a real time diagnostics toolbox has been developed to help paper mill companies reduce costs and save time on troubleshooting. The Real Time Wavelet Toolbox (known as Waveplot and developed over several years at UBC, [62]) provides color maps of raw, wavelet and residue profiles for both basis weight and moisture. Moreover, machine directional (MD) and cross directional (CD) control performance indices as well as the standard deviations for controllable and non-controllable CD components are calculated and displayed. Other important plots such as power spectral density and two-sigma plots are also included in the toolbox for further analysis. Waveplot also helps mill operators identify the high-resolution CD actuator response shape and CD mapping through bump tests. The identification is achieved by using a continuous wavelet transform with the chosen CD actuator response shape model as the mother wavelet. The control performance index reflects recent views on CD performance index in terms of CD controllability given the knowledge of the identified CD actuator response shape. Furthermore, the identified actuator response centers could help mill operators investigate any problems due to CD mapping misalignment and shrinkage, particularly at the paper edges. The displays and identification results are validated and demonstrated by collecting paper profiles through the OPC server from a multi-grade, operating paper machine.
Comparison of customer satisfaction in different types of distribution channels of horticultural products in Austria and Bavaria
Creators: name: Kittemann, Florian
name: Gottl, Markus
name: Gabriel, Andreas
name: Menrad, Klaus
name: Kittemann, Florian
name: Gottl, Markus
name: Gabriel, Andreas
name: Menrad, Klaus
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: Consumer Behaviour
subject: Horticulture
subject: Austria
subject: Germany

description: An enterprise can only be commercially successful if it succeeds in satisfying customers' needs thus resulting in repeated sales for its products or continuous demand for its services. An effective and efficient customer satisfaction management programme can be regarded as an important measure for maintaining existing customers and for winning new customers.
description: Paper prepared for presentation at the First Symposium on Horticulture in Europe (SHE), 17th to 20th February 2008 at Vienna/Austria held under the aegis of ALVA, APH, BNL-SHS, DGG, GSHS, IOH, INRA, NJF, PSHS, SECH, SOI and the International Society for Horticultural Science
Microphysical Prescriptions for Parameterized Water Cloud Formation on Ultra-cool Substellar Objects
Creators: name: Mang, James
name: Morley, Caroline V.
name: Robinson, Tyler D.
name: Gao, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Water must condense into ice clouds in the coldest brown dwarfs and exoplanets. When they form, these icy clouds change the emergent spectra, temperature structure, and albedo of the substellar atmosphere. The properties of clouds are governed by complex microphysics but these complexities are often not captured by the simpler parameterized cloud models used in climate models or retrieval models. Here, we combine microphysical cloud modeling and 1D climate modeling to incorporate insights from microphysical models into a self-consistent, parameterized cloud model. Using the 1D Community Aerosol and Radiation Model for Atmospheres (CARMA), we generate microphysical water clouds and compare their properties with those from the widely-used EddySed cloud model (Ackerman & Marley 2001) for a grid of Y dwarfs. We find that the mass of water condensate in our CARMA water clouds is significantly limited by available condensation nuclei; in models without additional seed particles for clouds added, the atmosphere becomes supersaturated. We incorporate water latent heat release in the convective and radiative parts of the atmosphere and find no significant impact on water-ice cloud formation for typical gas giant compositions. Our analysis reveals the CARMA cloud profiles have a gradual decrease in opacity of approximately 4% per bar below the cloud base. Incorporating this gradual cloud base falloff and a variable $f_{sed}$ parameter allows spectra generated from the parameterized Eddysed model to better match those of the microphysical CARMA model. This work provides recommendations for efficiently generating microphysically-informed water clouds for future models of cold substellar objects with H/He atmospheres.
description: 15 pages, 19 figures. Published in ApJ
Validating performance of center over customer satisfaction in Social Learning Center
Creators: name: Ali, Muhammad Najib
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology

description: This study will triangulate and validate between the determinant factors towards performance of social learning centre with main theme towards customer satisfaction of social learning centre. In stratified simple random method, groups of strata selected and group from stratified purposeful method, has drawn two (2) major groups. The result of performance from determinant factors and the result of customer satisfaction from major theme from factors would be verified and validated. Both result from performance data would be verified and validated with data customer satisfaction of u3e, PAWE and private day care within areas of Klang Valley and Selangor. There are 150 operators of quantitative method and 10 participants and 2 centers of qualitative method involved in questionnaires, interviews and observation.
The Determinants of Survival of Spanish Consumers Fronting the BSE Crisis
Creators: name: Radwan, Amr
name: Gil, Jose Maria
name: Serra, Teresa
name: Radwan, Amr
name: Gil, Jose Maria
name: Serra, Teresa
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: Food scare
subject: BSE
subject: duration analysis
subject: reaction timing
subject: Spain

description: The impact of food scares on meat consumption has been traditionally investigated by estimating food demand systems using aggregated time series. Only a few have considered micro data but none of them has tried to quantify consumers’ reaction to food scares and the speed of such reactions. In this study we apply duration analysis techniques with the aim of analysing the effect of different explanatory variables on both the risk of reducing beef consumption and the timing of this reduction. Our results suggest that the maximum hazard occurs during the few months after the occurrence of the food crisis and then the reducing consumption hazard tend to diminish. Moreover, economic factors such as prices and income could be considered as the most determinant factors of the survival of the Spanish consumers facing the BSE crisis while other socioeconomic characteristics such as the age, the gender, etc., have a small, if any, effect on the occurrence and the speed of beef consumption reduction indicating a quite homogenous reaction among Spanish consumers to BSE crisis. These results provide interesting insights about how policy makers could orientate food policies in order to recover consumption after a food scare.
Fano resonance in electron transport through parallel double quantum dots in the Kondo regime
Creators: name: Ding, Guo-Hui
name: Kim, C. K.
name: Nahm, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Electron transport through parallel double quantum dot system with interdot tunneling and strong on-site Coulomb interaction is studied in the Kondo regime by using the finite-$U$ slave boson technique. For a system of quantum dots with degenerate energy levels, the linear conductance reaches the unitary limit ($2e^2/h$) due to the Kondo effect at low temperature when the interdot tunneling is absent. As the interdot tunneling amplitude increases, the conductance decreases in the singly occupied regime and a conductance plateau structure appears. In the crossover to the doubly occupied regime, the conductance increases to reach the maximum value of $G=2e^2/h$. For parallel double dots with different energy levels, we show that the interference effect plays an important role in the electron transport. The linear conductance is shown to have an asymmetric line shape of the Fano resonance as a function of gate voltage.
description: 15 pages, 5 figures
The frustration-based approach of supercooled liquids and the glass transition: a review and critical assessment
Creators: name: Tarjus, G.
name: Kivelson, S. A.
name: Nussinov, Z.
name: Viot, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: One of the most spectacular phenomena in physics in terms of dynamical range is the glass transition and the associated slowing down of flow and relaxation with decreasing temperature. That it occurs in many different liquids seems to call for a "universal" theory. In this article, we review one such theoretical approach which is based on the concept of "frustration". Frustration in this context describes an incompatibility between extension of the locally preferred order in a liquid and tiling of the whole space. We provide a critical assessment of what has been achieved within this approach and we discuss the relation with other theories of the glass transition.
description: 48 pages, 13 figures, submitted to J. Phys : Cond. Matter
On the Quantization of a Self-Dual Integrable System
Creators: name: Kasman, Alex
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 81S99; 81R12

description: In this note, we apply canonical quantization to the self-dual particle system describing the motion of poles to a higher rank solution of the KP hierarchy, explicitly determining both the quantum Hamiltonian and the wave function. It is verified that the quantum Hamiltonian is trivially bispectral (that is, that the wave function can be taken to be symmetric) as predicted by a widely held hypothesis of mathematical physics.