cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Diagnosing evaporative fraction over land from boundary-layer clouds
Creators: name: Gentine, Pierre
name: Furgeson, Craig R.
name: Holtslag, Albert A. M.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2013
Subjects: Atmosphere

description: The potential use of continental fair-weather shallow cumuli as a way to retrieve the daily surface evaporative fraction over land is evaluated in convective conditions. The proposed method utilizes the fact that both the timing of cloud occurrence and the cloud-base height at the time of occurrence provide strong constraints on the surface energy balance and evaporative fraction. The retrieval is especially reliable in the presence of relatively stable and humid-free troposphere profiles. The advantage of the method is that it provides a more direct estimate of the surface evaporative fraction than indirect estimation based on inversion of a highly parameterized land-surface model. In addition, the evaporative fraction is obtained at a scale of a few kilometers, which is more pertinent for weather and climate studies. The retrieval strategy is tested and validated for three contrasting climates: the U.S. southern Great Plains, West Africa, and the Netherlands. We suggest that the use of satellite observations of shallow cumuli can help constrain the retrieval of the surface evaporative fraction within a data assimilation scheme/reanalysis.
title: Subtraction dynamic magnetic resonance imaging in malignant hepatic focal lesions
Creators: name: Mohamed, Kareem
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Abdominal Viscera
subject: Liver
subject: Oncology
subject: MR
subject: Contrast agent-intravenous
subject: Education
subject: Cirrhosis
subject: Retrospective
subject: Cross-sectional study
subject: Performed at one institution

description: Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Purpose: Proper detection and characterization of hepatic focal lesions are important for treatment planning such as hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and metastases[1]. Subtraction imaging is a post-processing technique in which images of unenhanced...
title: Drought effects on the timing and influent water quality to Barr Lake, Colorado
title: Hydrology days 2005
titleType: AlternativeTitle
title: AGU hydrology days 2005
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Cooper, Curtis
name: Stednick, J. D.
name: Gilbert, David
name: Colorado State University, Publisher
Publisher: name: Mountain Scholar
Year: 2005

description: 2005 annual AGU hydrology days was held at Colorado State University on March 7 - March 9, 2005.
description: Includes bibliographical references.
description: Barr Lake is a 45,000 acre-foot irrigation reservoir located near Brighton, Colorado and is filled from the South Platte River. The diversion to Barr Lake is below the metro area and often includes effluent directly from the Denver Metropolitan Wastewater Reclamation District. Upstream water exchanges have resulted in increasing volumes of wastewater effluent in the South Platte River particularly in the winter months. Water quality at Barr Lake has been monitored since 1997. Water quality data comparisons were made between 3 "normal" water years (1997-1999) against 3 drought years (2000-2002). The drought not only influenced the volume of water diverted into Barr Lake, but also the timing of the diversions. During the drought years the reservoir was filled during the late winter flows, rather that the spring flows as in normal years. The drought had minimal effect on the maximum water quality constituent concentrations that occur, mostly in the winter flows. The difference between normal and drought water quality concentrations was the lack of annual dilutional flows, increasing minimum concentrations of water quality constituents. The drought resulted in greater mean concentrations into Barr Lake during the drought years. This observation may need to be considered in drought planning.
Superfluidity and collective oscillations of trapped Bose-Einstein condensates in a periodical potential
Creators: name: Trallero-Giner, C.
name: Lopez-Richard, V.
name: Núñez-Fernández, Y.
name: Oliva, Maurice
name: Chung, Ming-Chiang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Based on a unified theoretical treatment of the 1D Bogoliubov-de Genes equations, the superfluidity phenomenon of the Bose-Einstein condensates (BEC) loaded into trapped optical lattice is studied. Within the perturbation regime, an all-analytical framework is presented enabling a straightforward phenomenological mapping of the collective excitation and oscillation character of a trapped BEC where the available experimental configurations also fit.
description: 5 pages and 2 Figs, some errors have been corrected in versions 2
Solitary beam propagation in a nonlinear optical resonator enables high-efficiency pulse compression and mode self-cleaning
Creators: name: Zhang, Sheng
name: Fu, Zongyuan
name: Zhu, Bingbing
name: Fan, Guangyu
name: Wang, Shunjia
name: Chen, Yudong
name: Liu, Yaxin
name: Baltuska, Andrius
name: Tian, Chuanshan
name: Tao, Zhensheng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Generating intense ultrashort pulses with high-quality spatial modes is crucial for ultrafast and strong-field science. This can be accomplished by controlling propagation of femtosecond pulses under the influence of Kerr nonlinearity and achieving stable propagation with high intensity. In this work, we propose that the generation of spatial solitons in periodic layered Kerr media can provide an optimum condition for supercontinuum generation and pulse compression using multiple thin plates. With both the experimental and theoretical investigations, we successfully identify these solitary modes and reveal a universal relationship between the beam size and the critical nonlinear phase. Space-time coupling is shown to strongly influence the spectral, spatial and temporal profiles of femtosecond pulses. Taking advantage of the unique characters of these solitary modes, we demonstrate single-stage supercontinuum generation and compression of femtosecond pulses from initially 170 fs down to 22 fs with an efficiency ~90%. We also provide evidence of efficient mode self-cleaning which suggests rich spatial-temporal self-organization processes of laser beams in a nonlinear resonator.
Finding a home : the housing experiences of government assisted refugees and refugee claimants in Winnipeg and Vancouver
Creators: name: Sherrell, Kathleen Mary
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: This study compares the housing experiences of government assisted refugees (GARs) and refugee claimants (RCs) in two Canadian cities: Winnipeg, MB and Vancouver, BC. Drawing on 20 key informant interviews and 80 interviews with GARs and claimants, this research explores the ways in which local context and legal status influence refugees’ ability to obtain adequate and affordable housing. In so doing, this dissertation asks, is it legal status, place or something else? The implementation of the Immigrant and Refugee Protection Act (IRPA 2002) introduced significant changes in the profile of GARs resettled to Canada. Previous research on the housing challenges faced by government-assisted refugees and refugee claimants indicates refugee claimants have more difficult pathways to housing owing to lack of social capital and temporary status (Murdie 2008; D’Addario, Hiebert and Sherrell 2006). Within this research, however, those GARs with low literacy, little formal education and large families experience the greatest challenges with respect to housing and income security. This finding marks a dramatic – and troubling – shift from earlier research. Unlike claimants, whose difficulties primarily relate to their temporary status (e.g. lack of access to information and formal assistance), the challenges facing GARs relate to the changing profile of refugees who have been sponsored in the post-IRPA era. This research extends the existing literature on newcomers and housing, as well as the wider geographic literature, by advancing our knowledge about the intersections of legal status and place on housing outcomes, as well as through a detailed consideration of the influence of housing on long-term social inclusion. The resettlement of increasing numbers of high needs refugees in the context of extensive housing affordability problems in Canadian cities, and low prospects for employment, creates the potential for the emergence of many of the factors commonly associated with a multi-generational cycle of poverty: high unemployment and/or lack of appropriate job skills, high rates of welfare dependence, a large number of single-headed households, and low educational attainment among children. The question arises, then, whether we are witnessing the emergence of a refugee underclass in Canada, and if so, what can be done to prevent it?
Superelliptic curves with many automorphisms and CM Jacobians
Creators: name: Obus, Andrew
name: Shaska, Tony
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14H37 (primary), 14H45, 14K22 (secondary)

description: Let $\mathcal{C}$ be a smooth, projective, genus $g\geq 2$ curve, defined over $\mathbb{C}$. Then $\mathcal{C}$ has \emph{many automorphisms} if its corresponding moduli point $p \in \mathcal{M}_g$ has a neighborhood $U$ in the complex topology, such that all curves corresponding to points in $U \setminus \{p \}$ have strictly fewer automorphisms than $\mathcal{C}$. We compute completely the list of superelliptic curves having many automorphisms. For each of these curves, we determine whether its Jacobian has complex multiplication. As a consequence, we prove the converse of Streit's complex multiplication criterion for these curves.
description: Incorrect program file very_good_primes.sage replaced with stable_reduction.sage, no changes in article, still 24 pages
Donor age is paramount to success in oocyte donation
Creators: name: Cohen, Matthew A.
name: Lindheim, Steven R.
name: Sauer, Mark V.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1999
Subjects: Obstetrics
Gynecology

description: Several reports suggest increasing age in oocyte donors decreases the chances of in-vitro fertilization (IVF) success, while others describe no effect. The published data concerning gravidity and parity are similarly conflicting. To further address these questions, we retrospectively studied 445 consecutive donor IVF cycles at two large university-based IVF practices. Donor cycles were analysed for the number of oocytes retrieved, gravidity, parity, and age of the donor, and pregnancy outcome in recipients. The previous gravidity and parity of the donor were not associated with successful pregnancy in recipients. The number of oocytes retrieved was positively correlated with pregnancy. However, after adjusting for donor age, neither prior fertility nor the number of oocytes retrieved were significant predictors. In contrast, the donor's age was highly associated with recipient success. We conclude that the age of the oocyte donor is a significant predictor of pregnancy success and should be a major factor in selecting prospective candidates. The gravidity and parity of the donor are insignificant predictors, as are the total number of oocytes retrieved at the time of oocyte harvest.
title: Value of MDTC imaging in atypical spinal tuberculosis.
Creators: name: BIgnardi, Elio
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Musculoskeletal
subject: Musculoskeletal bone
subject: Musculoskeletal spine
subject: Musculoskeletal system
subject: CT
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Infection
subject: Inflammation
subject: Retrospective
subject: Diagnostic or prognostic study
subject: Performed at one institution

description: Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Purpose: Spinal tuberculosis (TB), also known as Pott disease, was first reported by Percival Pott in 1779. One of the most common extrapulmonary forms of TB, spinal TB, accounts for 1% of all TB cases, and 50% to 60% of osteoarticular TB. The onset of...
Force and torque acting on particles in a transitionally rough open channel flow
Creators: name: Chan-Braun, Clemens
name: García-Villalba, Manuel
name: Uhlmann, Markus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Direct numerical simulation of open channel flow over a geometrically rough wall has been performed at a bulk Reynolds number of approximately 2900. The wall consisted of a layer of spheres in a square arrangement. Two cases have been considered. In the first case the spheres are small (with diameter equivalent to 10.7 wall units) and the limit of the hydraulically smooth flow regime is approached. In the second case the spheres are more than three times larger (49.3 wall units) and the flow is in the transitionally rough flow regime. Special emphasis is given on the characterisation of the force and torque acting on a particle due to the turbulent flow. It is found that in both cases the mean drag, lift and spanwise torque are to a large extent produced at the top region of the particle surface. The intensity of the particle force fluctuations is significantly larger in the large-sphere case, while the trend differs for the fluctuations of the individual components of the torque. A simplified model is used to show that the torque fluctuations might be explained by the spheres acting as a filter with respect to the size of the flow scales which can effectively generate torque fluctuations. Fluctuations of both force and torque are found to exhibit strongly non-Gaussian probability density functions with particularly long tails, an effect which is more pronounced in the small-sphere case. Some implications of the present results for sediment erosion are briefly discussed.
description: accepted for publication in J. Fluid Mech. (2011)
A Slow Orthostatic Tremor of Primary Origin
Creators: name: Coffeng, Sophie M.
name: Hoff, Jorrit I.
name: Tromp, Selma C.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Neurosciences
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Kinesiology
subject: Medicine

description: Background: Orthostatic tremor (OT) is a high‐frequency tremor (13–18 Hz) present in the legs when standing. Underlying disease is found in one‐third of OT patients.
Case report: We describe an 86‐year‐old man with progressive shaking of the legs while standing, which disappears immediately after sitting down or while walking. Polymyography confirmed a tremor of the legs (10–11 Hz) while standing. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and neurologic examination showed no underlying disease.
Discussion: Primary OT can appear at a lower frequency of 10–11 Hz.
title: Predictive accuracy of a pathological complete response using pre-treatment imaging findings in primary triple-negative breast cancer patients
Creators: name: Tsukada, Hiroko
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Retrospective
subject: Cancer
subject: Chemotherapy
subject: Ultrasound
subject: MR
subject: Mammography
subject: Breast
subject: Observational
subject: Performed at one institution

description: Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Purpose: Neoadjuvant systemic therapy (NST) is a standard treatment for operable triple-negative (TN) breast cancers regardless of the tumor stage. [1] Two major purposes of NST are to decrease tumor volume and increases the feasibility of breast-conserving...
Efficient multisections of odd-dimensional tori
Creators: name: Kindred, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 57R10, 57R15, 57M99, 57N99, 57K50, 05A10

description: Rubinstein--Tillmann generalized the notions of Heegaard splittings of 3-manifolds and trisections of 4-manifolds by defining {\it multisections} of PL $n$-manifolds, which are decompositions into $k=\lfloor n/2\rfloor+1$ $n$-dimensional 1-handlebodies with nice intersection properties. For each odd-dimensional torus $T^n$, we construct a multisection which is {\it efficient} in the sense that each 1-handlebody has genus $n$, which we prove is optimal; each multisection is {\it symmetric} with respect to both the permutation action of $S_n$ on the indices and the $\Z_k$ translation action along the main diagonal. We also construct such a trisection of $T^4$, lift all symmetric multisections of tori to certain cubulated manifolds, and obtain combinatorial identities as corollaries.
description: 65 pages, 16 figures, 21 tables, to appear in Algebraic & Geometric Topology. It remains an open question whether every smooth manifold admits a smooth multisection
The Environmental Epidemiology of Primary Dystonia
Creators: name: Defazio, Giovanni
name: Gigante, Angelo F.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Neurosciences
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Kinesiology
subject: Medicine

description: Background: Dystonia is a movement disorder characterized by involuntary muscle contractions that cause twisting movements and abnormal postures. Primary dystonia is the most common form and is thought to be a multifactorial condition in which one or more genes combine with environmental factors to reach disease.
Methods: We reviewed controlled studies on possible environmental risk factors for primary early‐ and late‐onset dystonia.
Results: Environmental factors associated with primary early‐onset dystonia are poorly understood. Early childhood illnesses have been reported to be more frequent in patients with DYT1 dystonia than in subjects carrying the DYT1 mutation that did not manifest dystonia, thus raising the possibility that such exposures precipitate dystonia among DYT1 carriers. Conversely, several environmental factors have been associated with primary adult‐onset focal dystonias compared to control subjects. Namely, eye diseases, sore throat, idiopathic scoliosis, and repetitive upper limb motor action seem to be associated with blepharospasm (BSP), laryngeal dystonia (LD), cervical dystonia (CD), and upper limb dystonia, respectively. In addition, an inverse association between coffee drinking and BSP has been observed in both case‐unrelated control and family‐based case‐control studies. Additional evidence supporting a causal link with different forms of primary late‐onset dystonia is only available for diseases of the anterior segment of the eye, writing activity, and coffee intake.
Conclusion: There is reasonable epidemiological evidence that some environmental factors are risk‐modifying factors for specific forms of primary adult‐onset focal dystonia.
Perfect Sampling with Unitary Tensor Networks
Creators: name: Ferris, Andrew J.
name: Vidal, Guifre
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Tensor network states are powerful variational ansätze for many-body ground states of quantum lattice models. The use of Monte Carlo sampling techniques in tensor network approaches significantly reduces the cost of tensor contractions, potentially leading to a substantial increase in computational efficiency. Previous proposals are based on a Markov chain Monte Carlo scheme generated by locally updating configurations and, as such, must deal with equilibration and autocorrelation times, which result in a reduction of efficiency. Here we propose a perfect sampling scheme, with vanishing equilibration and autocorrelation times, for unitary tensor networks -- namely tensor networks based on efficiently contractible, unitary quantum circuits, such as unitary versions of the matrix product state (MPS) and tree tensor network (TTN), and the multi-scale entanglement renormalization ansatz (MERA). Configurations are directly sampled according to their probabilities in the wavefunction, without resorting to a Markov chain process. We also describe a partial sampling scheme that can result in a dramatic (basis-dependent) reduction of sampling error.
description: 11 pages, 9 figures, renamed partial sampling to incomplete sampling for clarity, extra references, plus a variety of minor changes
A uniformizable spherical CR structure on a two-cusped hyperbolic 3-manifold
Creators: name: Jiang, Yueping
name: Wang, Jieyan
name: Xie, Baohua
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Let $\langle I_{1}, I_{2}, I_{3}\rangle$ be the complex hyperbolic $(4,4,\infty)$ triangle group. In this paper we give a proof of a conjecture of Schwartz for $\langle I_{1}, I_{2}, I_{3}\rangle$. That is $\langle I_{1}, I_{2}, I_{3}\rangle$ is discrete and faithful if and only if $I_1I_3I_2I_3$ is nonelliptic. When $I_1I_3I_2I_3$ is parabolic, we show that the even subgroup $\langle I_2 I_3, I_2I_1 \rangle$ is the holonomy representation of a uniformizable spherical CR structure on the two-cusped hyperbolic 3-manifold $s782$ in SnapPy notation.
MESSENGER Observations of Magnetopause Structure and Dynamics at Mercury
Creators: name: DiBraccio, Gina A.
name: Slavin, James A.
name: Boardsen, Scott A.
name: Anderson, Brian J.
name: Korth, Haje
name: Zurbuchen, Thomas H.
name: Raines, Jim M.
name: Baker, Daniel N.
name: McNutt Jr., Ralph L.
name: Solomon, Sean C.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2013
Subjects: Atmosphere
Planetology

description: On 18 March 2011, MErcury Surface, Space ENvironment, GEochemistry, and Ranging (MESSENGER) became the first spacecraft to orbit Mercury, providing a new opportunity to study the outer boundary of the planet's magnetosphere--the magnetopause. Here we characterize Mercury's magnetopause using measurements collected by MESSENGER's Magnetometer and Fast Imaging Plasma Spectrometer. Analysis of measurements from two of MESSENGER's "hot seasons," when the orbital periapsis is on Mercury's dayside and the magnetopause crossing takes place in the subsolar region, resulted in 43 events with well-determined boundary normals. The typical duration of a magnetopause traversal was ~5 s. The average normal magnetic field component was ~20 nT, and the dimensionless reconnection rate, i.e., the ratio of the normal magnetic field component to the total field magnitude just inside the magnetopause, was 0.15 plus or minus 0.02. This rate is a factor of ~3 larger than values found during the most extensive surveys at Earth. The ratio of the reconnection rate at Mercury to that of the Earth is comparable to the ratio of the solar wind Alfvén speeds at their respective orbits. We also find that the magnetopause reconnection rate at Mercury is independent of magnetic field shear angle, but it varies inversely with plasma b, the ratio of total thermal pressure to magnetic pressure, in the magnetosheath. These results suggest that reconnection at Mercury is not only more intense than at Earth but also that it occurs for nearly all orientations of the interplanetary magnetic field due to the low-b nature of the solar wind in the inner heliosphere.
Zero-Shot Self-Supervised Learning for MRI Reconstruction
Creators: name: Yaman, Burhaneddin
name: Hosseini, Seyed Amir Hossein
name: Akçakaya, Mehmet
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Deep learning (DL) has emerged as a powerful tool for accelerated MRI reconstruction, but often necessitates a database of fully-sampled measurements for training. Recent self-supervised and unsupervised learning approaches enable training without fully-sampled data. However, a database of undersampled measurements may not be available in many scenarios, especially for scans involving contrast or translational acquisitions in development. Moreover, recent studies show that database-trained models may not generalize well when the unseen measurements differ in terms of sampling pattern, acceleration rate, SNR, image contrast, and anatomy. Such challenges necessitate a new methodology to enable subject-specific DL MRI reconstruction without external training datasets, since it is clinically imperative to provide high-quality reconstructions that can be used to identify lesions/disease for \emph{every individual}. In this work, we propose a zero-shot self-supervised learning approach to perform subject-specific accelerated DL MRI reconstruction to tackle these issues. The proposed approach partitions the available measurements from a single scan into three disjoint sets. Two of these sets are used to enforce data consistency and define loss during training for self-supervision, while the last set serves to self-validate, establishing an early stopping criterion. In the presence of models pre-trained on a database with different image characteristics, we show that the proposed approach can be combined with transfer learning for faster convergence time and reduced computational complexity. The code is available at \url{https://github.com/byaman14/ZS-SSL}.
title: An adaptive assessment of the flushing flow needs of the Lower Poudre River, Colorado: first evaluation
title: Hydrology days 2009
titleType: AlternativeTitle
title: AGU hydrology days 2009
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Milhous, Robert T.
name: Colorado State University, Publisher
Publisher: name: Mountain Scholar
Year: 2009

description: 2009 annual AGU hydrology days was held at Colorado State University on March 25 - March 27, 2009.
description: Includes bibliographical references.
description: Adaptive assessment of a riverine system is a continual learning process and probably never reaches a state of full knowledge. Adaptive assessment also includes the principle that continuous adaptation of improved knowledge to the work at hand is the normal state of affairs. The application of adaptive assessment presented in this paper is a first step in an adaptive process that uses readily available discharge measurement summary data available for some gaging stations to determine the flushing flow needs of a river. The process presented is useful 1) when little money is available for a flushing flow study and 2) in guiding more extensive studies that might be done later in the adaptive process when additional or more detailed information may be needed. In this paper, discharge measurement summary data and limited field data were used to develop a relation between a substrate movement parameter and the discharge for a USGS gage on the Poudre River above Boxelder Creek just downstream from Fort Collins, Colorado. The relation substrate movement parameter was combined with a value of the substrate movement parameter critical for movement of sand and fines known from other studies to find the discharge in the Poudre River in the Fort Collins reach required to flush sand and fines from the river. The discharge - sediment transport parameter relation determined from the analysis is β = 0.000320 Q ^ 0.549 where Q is the discharge and β is the substrate movement parameter. From previous studies, the critical value of the substrate movement parameter is 0.021, resulting in a flushing flow calculated to be 2050 cfs. There are 32 years of record at the Fort Collins gage with 12 years where the channel was flushed and a current run of at least 7 years without flushing of the channel.
How to ensure semantic interoperability between FAIR digital objects
Creators: name: Ojsteršek, Milan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: FAIR digital objects
Metadata
interoperability
semantic artefact
metadata crosswalks
metadata mappings
minimum metadata set recommendation for metadata interoperability
Slovenian open access infrastructure
Genomics Data Infrastructure
GDI

description: FAIR Digital Objects (FDOs) are datasets, publications, software, services, workflows, lab notebooks, and other digital results of research that are easily discoverable by humans and machines. FDOs are accessible to anyone with permission, interoperable with other digital objects regardless of their format or software, and reusable without modification for the same or different purposes. The semantic interoperability of FDOs is achieved by using common vocabularies and ontologies to define the meaning of data elements. These vocabularies and ontologies provide a common understanding of the data, even if it is stored in different systems or formats. We will first outline the minimum set of metadata required for FDOs. The lecture will focus on the National Open Science Infrastructure, what processes we have put in place, and how we have achieved semantic interoperability of FDOs within this infrastructure. Finally, we will outline the European Genomic Data Infrastructure (GDI) project, where we are working to establish a federated, sustainable, and secure infrastructure that will provide access to genomic and related phenotypic and clinical data across Europe, with controlled access for clinicians, public and private sector researchers, and health policymakers. Non-sensitive and aggregated data will be openly discoverable through the federated query system.
title: Special treatment by radiographers to people with hearing disorders
Creators: name: Tasopoulou, Flora Ioanna
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Patient Care
subject: Radiographers
subject: CT
subject: Digital radiography
subject: PET
subject: Safety
subject: Statistics
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Technical aspects
subject: Education and training
subject: Retrospective
subject: Observational
subject: Multicentre study

description: Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Purpose: The first priority of a health professional is to establish the best of communication with the patient. As it concerns, people with hearing disorders face great difficulties regarding this disfunction. In order to investigate this matter a research...
Current status of turbulent dynamo theory: From large-scale to small-scale dynamos
Creators: name: Brandenburg, Axel
name: Sokoloff, Dmitry
name: Subramanian, Kandaswamy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Several recent advances in turbulent dynamo theory are reviewed. High resolution simulations of small-scale and large-scale dynamo action in periodic domains are compared with each other and contrasted with similar results at low magnetic Prandtl numbers. It is argued that all the different cases show similarities at intermediate length scales. On the other hand, in the presence of helicity of the turbulence, power develops on large scales, which is not present in non-helical small-scale turbulent dynamos. At small length scales, differences occur in connection with the dissipation cutoff scales associated with the respective value of the magnetic Prandtl number. These differences are found to be independent of whether or not there is large-scale dynamo action. However, large-scale dynamos in homogeneous systems are shown to suffer from resistive slow-down even at intermediate length scales. The results from simulations are connected to mean field theory and its applications. Recent work on helicity fluxes to alleviate large-scale dynamo quenching, shear dynamos, nonlocal effects and magnetic structures from strong density stratification are highlighted. Several insights which arise from analytic considerations of small-scale dynamos are discussed.
description: 36 pages, 11 figures, Spa. Sci. Rev., submitted to the special issue "Magnetism in the Universe" (ed. A. Balogh)
Part I:  A Critical Examination of “The Myth of Nuclear Deterrence”
Creators: name: Culp, Derrin
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2012
Subjects: Deterrence (Strategy)
Nuclear weapons
Nuclear weapons--Government policy
Nuclear arms control

description: Several years ago, Ward Wilson presented in this journal a wide-ranging challenge to what every generation of national security scholars and practitioners since the end of World War II has been taught about nuclear weapons. He asserted that nuclear deterrence amounts to far less than its proponents have claimed and provocatively suggested that nuclear deterrence is a myth. Relying upon both empirical and theoretical objections to nuclear deterrence, he concluded that its failures were clear-cut and indisputable, whereas its successes were speculative. Yet in spite of a flourishing trade in scholarly articles, think tank reports, blog posts, and opinion pieces concerning nuclear deterrence, nobody—including nuclear weapons scholars—has ventured more than a limited critique of Wilson's essay. There are, however, serious shortcomings in Wilson's arguments—deficiencies that make his essay an unpersuasive brief against nuclear deterrence. Wilson's thesis could be correct. His arguments, however, are unlikely to persuade any skeptical members of Congress, upon whom future progress in arms control depends, to reconsider the value they attach to nuclear weapons and nuclear deterrence.
title: Role of MDCT in the Urogenital Tuberculosis ( UGTB ): experience in Infectious Diseases’s Hospital correlated with microbiological, histo-pathological and molecular tests.
Creators: name: BIgnardi, Elio
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Genitourinary
subject: Genital / Reproductive system female
subject: Genital / Reproductive system male
subject: Kidney
subject: CT
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: AIDS
subject: Infection
subject: Inflammation
subject: Retrospective
subject: Diagnostic or prognostic study
subject: Performed at one institution

description: Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the cases of extrapulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB), investigated by MDTC in the last three years, with reference to UGTB, describing the characteristic findings.Urogenital tuberculosis (UGTB) is the most common...
Comparison of Entropy Production Rates in Two Different Types of Self-organized Flows: Bénard Convection and Zonal flow
Creators: name: Kawazura, Yohei
name: Yoshida, Zensho
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Entropy production rate (EPR) is often effective to describe how a structure is self-organized in a nonequilibrium thermodynamic system. The "minimum EPR principle" is widely applicable to characterizing self-organized structures, but is sometimes disproved by observations of "maximum EPR states." Here we delineate a dual relation between the minimum and maximum principles; the mathematical representation of the duality is given by a Legendre transformation. For explicit formulation, we consider heat transport in the boundary layer of fusion plasma [Phys. Plasmas {\bf 15}, 032307 (2008)]. The mechanism of bifurcation and hysteresis (which are the determining characteristics of the so-called H-mode, a self-organized state of reduced thermal conduction) is explained by multiple tangent lines to a pleated graph of an appropriate thermodynamic potential. In the nonlinear regime, we have to generalize Onsager's dissipation function. The generalized function is no longer equivalent to EPR; then EPR ceases to be the determinant of the operating point, and may take either minimum or maximum values depending on how the system is driven.
Hydrosalpinges adversely affect implantation in donor oocyte cycles
Creators: name: Cohen, Matthew A.
name: Lindheim, Steven R.
name: Sauer, Mark V.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Hydrosalpinges have been associated with poor in-vitro fertilization (IVF) outcome in some, but not all, studies, perhaps through endometrial effects. To determine whether hydrosalpinges affect IVF outcome via endometrial factors alone, we analysed the results of recipients of donor oocytes with hydrosalpinges, thereby controlling for confounding variables, while isolating the intrauterine environment. We retrospectively analysed 110 patients who underwent 121 donor oocyte cycles in a university-based assisted reproduction programme. Thirteen cycles involving recipients (n = 10) with hydrosalpinges were compared to 108 cycles involving recipients (n = 100) without hydrosalpinges. Pregnancy, implantation, miscarriage, and ectopic pregnancy rates were compared between women with and without hydrosalpinges. There were no significant differences between the hydrosalpinx and no hydrosalpinx groups with respect to donor age, recipient age, or number or grade of embryos transferred. Patients with a hydrosalpinx had significantly lower embryo implantation rates (7.1 versus 19.3%, P < 0.05) and significantly higher miscarriage (75.0 versus 14.9%, P < 0.05) and ectopic pregnancy rates (33.3 versus 0.0%, P < 0.05) than normal controls. We conclude that the presence of a hydrosalpinx adversely affects early pregnancy events by altering the intrauterine environment.
Superconducting Quantum Interference at the Atomic Scale
Creators: name: Karan, S.
name: Huang, H.
name: Padurariu, C.
name: Kubala, B.
name: Theiler, A.
name: Black-Schaffer, A.
name: Morrás, G.
name: Yeyati, A. Levy
name: Cuevas, J. C.
name: Ankerhold, J.
name: Kern, K.
name: Ast, C. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A single spin in a Josephson junction can reverse the flow of the supercurrent. At mesoscopic length scales, such $π$-junctions are employed in various instances from finding the pairing symmetry to quantum computing. In Yu-Shiba-Rusinov (YSR) states, the atomic scale counterpart of a single spin in a superconducting tunnel junction, the supercurrent reversal so far has remained elusive. Using scanning tunneling microscopy (STM), we demonstrate such a 0 to $π$ transition of a Josephson junction through a YSR state as we continuously change the impurity-superconductor coupling. We detect the sign change in the critical current by exploiting a second transport channel as reference in analogy to a superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID), which provides the STM with the required phase sensitivity. The measured change in the Josephson current is a signature of the quantum phase transition and allows its characterization with unprecedented resolution.
description: 10 pages, 6 figures, including supplementary information
The all-sky GEOS RR Lyr survey with the TAROT telescopes. Analysis of the Blazhko effect
Creators: name: Borgne, J. -F. Le
name: Klotz, A.
name: Poretti, E.
name: Boër, M.
name: Butterworth, N.
name: Dumont, M.
name: Dvorak, S.
name: Hambsch, F. -J.
name: Hund, F.
name: Kugel, F.
name: Vandenbroere, J.
name: Vilalta, J. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We used the GEOS database to study the Blazhko effect of galactic RRab stars. The database is continuously enriched by maxima supplied by amateur astronomers and by a dedicated survey by means of the two TAROT robotic telescopes. The same value of the Blazhko period is observed at different values of the pulsation periods and different values of the Blazhko periods are observed at the same value of the pulsation period. There are clues suggesting that the Blazhko effect is changing from one cycle to the next. The secular changes in the pulsation and Blazhko periods of Z CVn are anticorrelated. The diagrams of magnitudes against phases of the maxima clearly show that the light curves of Blazhko variables can be explained as modulated signals, both in amplitude and in frequency. The closed curves describing the Blazhko cycles in such diagrams have different shapes, reflecting the phase shifts between the epochs of the brightest maximum and the maximum O-C. Our sample shows that both clockwise and anticlockwise directions are possible for similar shapes. The improved observational knowledge of the Blazhko effect, in addition to some peculiarities of the light curves, have still to be explained by a satisfactory physical mechanism.
description: 13 pages, 12 figures, accepted for publication in Astronomical Journal
The Distribution and Origin of Smooth Plains on Mercury
Creators: name: Denevi, Brett W.
name: Ernst, Carolyn M.
name: Meyer, Heather M.
name: Robinson, Mark S.
name: Murchie, Scott L.
name: Whitten, Jennifer L.
name: Head, James W.
name: Watters, Thomas R.
name: Solomon, Sean C.
name: Ostrach, Lillian R.
name: Chapman, Clark R.
name: Byrne, Paul K.
name: Klimczak, Christian
name: Peplowski, Patrick N.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2013
Subjects: Physical geography
Planetary science

description: Orbital images from the MESSENGER spacecraft show that ~27% of Mercury's surface is covered by smooth plains, the majority (greater than 65%) of which are interpreted to be volcanic in origin. Most smooth plains share the spectral characteristics of Mercury's northern smooth plains, suggesting they also share their magnesian alkali-basalt-like composition. A smaller fraction of smooth plains interpreted to be volcanic in nature have a lower reflectance and shallower spectral slope, suggesting more ultramafic compositions, an inference that implies high temperatures and high degrees of partial melting in magma source regions persisted through most of the duration of smooth plains formation. The knobby and hummocky plains surrounding the Caloris basin, known as Odin-type plains, occupy an additional 2% of Mercury’s surface. The morphology of these plains and their color and stratigraphic relationships suggest that they formed as Caloris ejecta, although such an origin is in conflict with a straightforward interpretation of crater size-frequency distributions. If some fraction is volcanic, this added area would substantially increase the abundance of relatively young effusive deposits inferred to have more mafic compositions. Smooth plains are widespread on Mercury, but they are more heavily concentrated in the north and in the hemisphere surrounding Caloris. No simple relationship between plains distribution and crustal thickness or radioactive element distribution is observed. A likely volcanic origin for some older terrain on Mercury suggests that the uneven distribution of smooth plains may indicate differences in the emplacement age of large-scale volcanic deposits rather than differences in crustal formational process.
title: Value of MDCT in musculoskeletal manifestations in HIV-infected patients.
Creators: name: BIgnardi, Elio
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Musculoskeletal
subject: Musculoskeletal bone
subject: Musculoskeletal joint
subject: Musculoskeletal soft tissue
subject: CT
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: AIDS
subject: Infection
subject: Inflammation
subject: Retrospective
subject: Diagnostic or prognostic study
subject: Performed at one institution

description: Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Purpose: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is pandemic nowadays and India harbors the second highest number of people with HIV/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) infection. 1 Besides the opportunistic infections, various musculoskeletal...
Eumenes lucasius DE SAUSSURE 1852
Creators: name: Madl, Michael
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Vespidae
Eumenes
Eumenes lucasius

description: Eumenes lucasius DE SAUSSURE, 1852
Eumenes lucasius DE SAUSSURE, 1852: GIORDANI SOIKA 1975: 70 (key, fig. 5), 89 (tax., descr. ♂ ♀, Obock), 90 (figs 29-32).
Eumenes lucasius DE SAUSSURE, 1852: CARPENTER, GUSENLEITNER & MADL 2010a: 129-30 (cat. Afr. reg.).
Eumenes lucasius DE SAUSSURE, 1852: GUSENLEITNER & MADL 2016: 93 (cat. Djibouti).
D i s t r i b u t i o n: Obock.
Eumenes lucasius is widely distributed in the Afrotropical region. It is also recorded from Eritrea, Ethiopia and Somalia.
description: Published as part of Madl, Michael, 2018, A preliminary catalogue of the Hymenoptera (Insecta) of the Republic of Djibouti, pp. 907-967 in Linzer biologische Beiträge 50 (2) on page 929, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.3776452
Australapatemon burti Miller 1923
Creators: name: Aksenova, Olga V.
name: Bespalaya, Yulia V.
name: Bolotov, Ivan N.
name: Kondakov, Alexander V.
name: Sokolova, Svetlana E.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Platyhelminthes
Trematoda
Diplostomida
Strigeidae
Australapatemon
Australapatemon burti

description: Australapatemon burti (Miller, 1923)
 Parasitic stage. cercaria (ITS2 sequence: NCBI’s Genbank acc. no. KU950451).
 Host. Radix labiata (Rossmaessler) (voucher no. MLym- 116 in RMBH; COI sequence: NCBI’s Genbank acc. no. KU950449).
 Location. Slovakia: Low Tatras, near Vihodna, 49°03'07" N, 19°54'56" E, 740 m alt., trout pond, 10.vii.2013, S. Sokolova leg.
 Remarks. Accordance between our ITS2 sequence of A. burti cercaria from Slovakia and the sequence of adult fluke from a Mexican duck specimen is 100% (Figure 1). According to recent works, Lymnaea stagnalis (Linnaeus), Stagnicola palustris (Müller), Radix auricularia (Linnaeus), Radix peregra (Müller), Radix ovata (Draparnaud) and Bathyomphalus contortus (Linnaeus) are listed as host snail taxa for A. burti in Europe (Faltýnková et al. 2007, 2016; Soldánová et al. 2012). However, R. peregra and R. ovata are invalid nominal taxa (Schniebs et al. 2013, 2015). The snail specimens, which were identified under these names, may actually belong to at least four different but relatively morphologically similar biological species: R. labiata, Radix ampla (Hartmann), Radix lagotis (Schrank) and Radix balthica (Linnaeus) (Schniebs et al. 2013, 2015). Here we confirmed that R. labiata is a host of A. burti cercariae in Europe using the molecular approach to both the parasite and the host for the first time.
This study was supported by grants from the government of Russian Federation (nos. MD–7660.2016.5 and FASO– 0410–2014–0028) and the Russian Foundation for Basic Research, RFBR (nos. 16–05–00854, 14–04–98801 and 15–04– 05638). Authors are grateful to Dr. Z. Izakovičová, Dr. J. Oszlanyi, Dr. P. Barančok and many other colleagues from the Institute of Landscape Ecology of the Slovak Academy of Sciences (Slovakia) for their great assistance under the Agreement on scientific cooperation between the Slovak Academy of Sciences and the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences.
description: Published as part of Aksenova, Olga V., Bespalaya, Yulia V., Bolotov, Ivan N., Kondakov, Alexander V. & Sokolova, Svetlana E., 2016, First molecular identification of Australapatemon burti (Miller, 1923) (Trematoda: Digenea: Strigeidae) from an intermediate host Radix labiata (Rossmaessler) (Gastropoda: Lymnaeidae) in Europe, pp. 588-590 in Zootaxa 4132 (4) on pages 588-589, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4132.4.10, http://zenodo.org/record/259224