cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: Selective Image Segmentation Models and Fast Multigrid Methods
Creators: name: Roberts, MT
Publisher: name: University of Liverpool Repository
Year: 2019

description: This thesis is concerned with developing robust and accurate variational selective image segmentation models along with fast multigrid methods to solve non-linear partial differential equations (PDEs). The first two major contributions are the development of new distance terms and new intensity fitting terms for selective image segmentation models. These give state-of-the-art segmentation results, with high robustness to the main parameters and to the user input. Therefore, these models are highly applicable to real-world applications such as segmenting single organs from medical scans. The final major contribution is to develop new novel non-standard smoothers for the non-linear full approximation scheme multigrid framework. Multigrid is an optimal O(N) iterative scheme when it converges. However, typically if we directly apply a multigrid solver to a non-linear problem, it will not converge. This is principally due to the ineffectiveness of the standard smoothing schemes such as Jacobi or Gauss-Seidel. We review the true reason that these smoothers are ineffective using local Fourier analysis and develop a smoother which is guaranteed to be effective. Experiments show that the smoother is effective and the algorithm converges as desired. These new non-standard smoothing schemes can be used to solve a whole class of non-linear PDEs quickly. This work also lays the groundwork in the development of a “black-box” non-linear multigrid solver which doesn’t require the degree of tuning that current multigrid algorithms do.
The coset construction for particles of arbitrary spin
Creators: name: Landry, Michael J.
name: Sun, Guanhao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: When a Poincaré-invariant system spontaneously breaks continuous internal symmetries, Goldstones's theorem demands the existence of massless, spin-zero excitations in a one-to-one correspondence with the broken symmetry generators. When a system spontaneously breaks Poincaré symmetry, however, the kinds of excitations that satisfy Goldstone's theorem can be quite unusual. In particular, they may have any spin and need not be particles or even quasiparticles. The standard coset construction used to formulate effective actions of Goldstones, however, is rather restrictive and is incapable of generating the full spectrum of possibilities allowed by Goldstone's theorem. We propose a (partial) remedy to this problem by postulating a novel coset construction for systems that spontaneously break Poincaré symmetry. This new construction is capable of generating effective actions with a wide range of Goldstone excitations---including fermionic degrees of freedom---even when all symmetries are bosonic. To demonstrate it's utility, we focus on constructing effective actions for point particles of various spins. We recover the known result that a particle of spin $s$ requires an $\mathcal N=2s$ supersymmetric worldline reparameterization gauge symmetry, which we implement at the level of the coset construction. In the process, we discover that massless particles require a novel kind of inverse Higgs constraint that bears some resemblance to the dynamical inverse Higgs constraints that appear in certain fermi liquid effective field theories. We then consider particles that, in addition to quantum spin, have finite spatial extent and are free to rotate. We derive a novel action for such particles and find a `spin-orbital' coupling between the intrinsic quantum spin and the physical-rotation degrees of freedom.
description: 19 pages
Resilience as key factors in the prevention of youth suicide: Promising perspectives
Creators: name: Louis, Robert
Publisher: name: F1000Research
Year: 2015

description: What is the relationship between resilience factors and the stopping of the suicidal act? What resilience factors actually works in the non-passage to the act?
The main objective of this presentation is to identify, analyze resilience factors involved in the prevention of youth suicide. It is essentially, in terms of both empirical and theoretical data, at the intersection of several disciplines, to determine the most significant factor, the missing link explaining why a suicidal person has not committed the act. We will identify the relationship between resilience and the stopping the suicidal gesture.
A geometric description of the m-cluster categories of type D_n
Creators: name: Baur, Karin
name: Marsh, Bethany
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 16G20, 16G70, 18E30

description: We show that the m-cluster category of type D_n is equivalent to a certain geometrically-defined category of arcs in a punctured regular nm-m+1-gon. This generalises a result of Schiffler for m=1. We use the notion of the mth power of a translation quiver to realise the m-cluster category in terms of the cluster category.
description: 14 pages, 11 figures
ARTWORK OF THE MONTH, NOVEMBER 2023: DYNAMIC OF THE METROPOLIS BY LÁSZLÓ MOHOLY-NAGY (1921–22/1924/1925)
Creators: name: Veszprémi, Nóra
Publisher: name: OSF
Year: 2019

description: Dynamic of the Metropolis by László Moholy-Nagy is a picture-poem, a photomontage, an imaginary film, and an artistic essay on the modern condition.
The nature of the intranight variability of radio-quiet quasars
Creators: name: Czerny, B.
name: Siemiginowska, A.
name: Janiuk, A.
name: Gupta, A. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We select a sample of 10 radio-quiet quasars with confirmed intranight optical variability and with available X-ray data. We compare the variability properties and the broad band spectral constraints to the predictions of intranight variability by three models: (i) irradiation of an accretion disk by a variable X-ray flux (ii) an accretion disk instability (iii) the presence of a weak blazar component. We concluded that the third model, e.g. the blazar component model, is the most promising if we adopt a cannonball model for the jet variable emission. In this case, the probability of detecting the intranight variability is within 20-80%, depending on the ratio of the disk to the jet optical luminosity. Variable X-ray irradiation mechanism is also possible but only under additional requirement: either the source should have a very narrow Hbeta line or occasional extremely strong flares should appear at very large disk radii.
description: MNRAS (in press)
USP: an independence test that improves on Pearson's chi-squared and the $G$-test
Creators: name: Berrett, Thomas B.
name: Samworth, Richard J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 62H17, 62H20, 62F03, 62F05, 62E20

description: We present the $U$-Statistic Permutation (USP) test of independence in the context of discrete data displayed in a contingency table. Either Pearson's chi-squared test of independence, or the $G$-test, are typically used for this task, but we argue that these tests have serious deficiencies, both in terms of their inability to control the size of the test, and their power properties. By contrast, the USP test is guaranteed to control the size of the test at the nominal level for all sample sizes, has no issues with small (or zero) cell counts, and is able to detect distributions that violate independence in only a minimal way. The test statistic is derived from a $U$-statistic estimator of a natural population measure of dependence, and we prove that this is the unique minimum variance unbiased estimator of this population quantity. The practical utility of the USP test is demonstrated on both simulated data, where its power can be dramatically greater than those of Pearson's test and the $G$-test, and on real data. The USP test is implemented in the R package USP.
description: 27 pages, 7 figures
Multi-frequency spectral analysis of extragalactic radio sources in the 33-GHz VSA catalogue: sources with flattening and upturn spectrum
Creators: name: Tucci, M.
name: Rubiño-Martin, J. A.
name: Rebolo, R.
name: Genova-Santos, R.
name: Watson, R. A.
name: Battye, R. A.
name: Cleary, K. A.
name: Davies, R. D.
name: Davis, R. J.
name: Grainge, K.
name: Hobson, M.
name: Saunders, R. D. E.
name: Scaife, A.
name: Scott, P. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an analysis of the spectral properties of the extragalactic radio sources in the nearly-complete VSA sample at 33GHz. Data from different surveys are used to study source spectra between 1.4 and 33GHz. We find that, in general, spectra can not be well described by a single power law in the range of frequencies considered. In particular, most of the VSA sources that are steep between 1.4 and 5GHz, show a spectral flattening at ν>5GHz. We identify 20 objects (19% of the sample) clearly characterized by an upturn spectrum, i.e., a spectrum falling at low frequencies (ν<5GHz) and inverted at higher frequencies. Spectra with high-frequency flattening or upturn shape are supposed to occur when the emission from the AGN compact core begins to dominate over the component from extended lobes. This picture fits well with the AGN unified scheme, for objects observed at intermediate viewing angles of the AGN jet. Finally, we discuss implications that this class of sources can have on future CMB observations at high resolution.
description: 13 pages, 8 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Interaction of two level systems in amorphous materials with arbitrary phonon fields
Creators: name: Anghel, D. V.
name: Kühn, T.
name: Galperin, Y. M.
name: Manninen, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: To describe the interaction of the two level systems (TLSs) of an amorphous solid with arbitrary strain fields, we introduce a generalization of the standard interaction Hamiltonian. In this new model, the interaction strength depends on the orientation of the TLS with respect to the strain field through a $6\times 6$ symmetric tensor of deformation potential parameters, $[R]$. Taking into account the isotropy of the amorphous solid, we deduce that $[R]$ has only two independent parameters. We show how these two parameters can be calculated from experimental data and we prove that for any amorphous bulk material the average coupling of TLSs with longitudinal phonons is always stronger than the average coupling with transversal phonons (in standard notations, $γ_l>γ_t$).
description: 7 pages and 1 figure
The Impact of High-Resolution Terrain Data on WRF Simulations of Hurricane María (2017)
Creators: name: Rivera-Torres, Nathalie G.
name: Judt, Falko
name: Done, James M.
name: Bevirt, Brian K.
name: McAllister, Molly
name: Haley, Mary L.
name: Paulus, Matthew
name: Welch, Brittany
Publisher: name: University Corporation For Atmospheric Research (UCAR)
Year: 2018

The atmospheric processes involved in a tropical cyclone are affected by topographical factors during and after landfall. Interactions with land are capable of changing the tropical cyclone’s structure, behavior, and impact on the landmass. However, one of today’s forecasting problems is that computer models cannot interpret many of the factors that influence surface weather over complex terrain, and they forecast the tropical cyclone’s behavior that would be expected if it was moving over a smooth landmass. This research project investigated the impact of high-resolution terrain data in Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model simulations of Hurricane María, focusing on its path over Puerto Rico. Two WRF simulations were compared to see the impact of the model’s terrain resolution. One of the simulations used a default terrain data set that considers Puerto Rico as a smooth surface, and the other used a high-resolution terrain data set that accurately represents the island’s mountainous topography. Time-series plots, horizontal maps, and swaths of atmospheric variables such as wind and rain at specific locations were used to show differences between the two simulations and demonstrate the impact of high-resolution terrain data on WRF tropical cyclone simulations. First, the high-resolution simulation showed higher rainfall. Second, the simulated wind speed was higher before the hurricane crossed the island, but it decayed after interacting with the landmass. It is concluded that high-resolution land data has the potential to lead to more accurate forecasts of wind and rain in cases when tropical cyclones interact with a landmass.
Elicitation of causatives
Creators: name: Parker, Verdena
name: Escamilla, Ramón
name: Newbold, Lindsey
name: Spence, Justin
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: hup

description: Audio file VP-041210-02: Elicitation of causation and causative constructions.
Expansion of Roadway Reference Log
Creators: name: Agent, Kenneth R.
name: Brumm, Joel
name: Weber, Joel
Publisher: name: Kentucky Transportation Center, University of Kentucky
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Transportation Engineering

description: There has been a need to expand the route log in order to have a more comprehensive and up-to-date log to accurately locate information on the highway system. The objectives of this study were to: 1) expand the current route log resulting in a more comprehensive route log file containing milepoints for all intersections on state maintained roads and any other needed reference points and 2) recommend a procedure for establishing milepoints and maintaining the file with up-to-date information.  Two types of output resulted from the study. One was an expanded route log computer file. The added milepoints were additional intersections between a state maintained and other public roads. While all intersections could not be included because of such problems as not having a name to assign to the intersecting public road, the number of intersections was increased dramatically. The second output was a detailed procedure describing the method used to assign milepoints and a recommended procedure to maintain the file. The use of these guidelines will enable the use of consistent procedures across the state.
title: The Spiritual Brotherhood of Mankind: Religion in the novels of Hall Caine.
Creators: name: Connor, A
Publisher: name: University of Liverpool Repository
Year: 2017

description: Sir Thomas Henry Hall Caine was a best-selling novelist active between 1885 and 1923. His novels were noted for their melodramatic plots, often involving love triangles, with affairs, adultery, extra-marital sex and infanticide. Several of his books sold more than a million copies, and most were adapted for the stage and screen, often by Caine himself, who was also a prolific dramatist. In addition, Caine worked as a journalist and enjoyed a brief political career. Despite his massive commercial success the novels are little read nowadays. Contemporary literary critics dismissed his plots as overly sensational and formulaic and there has been little subsequent in-depth commentary on his novels. However, Caine should not be disregarded as a purely commercial writer of limited ability. He was a deeply religious man with extensive scriptural knowledge, who frequently drew inspiration for his novels from the Bible and viewed fiction as a vehicle for moral and religious instruction. He also used the novels to express his personal beliefs and to engage in specific religious debates. Caine had family connections to the Isle of Man where he eventually settled permanently, and a highly significant archive of largely unexplored material is held at the Manx Museum. Investigation of this resource has enabled a detailed critical appraisal of Caine’s approach to religion in his novels. Each chapter of this thesis considers Caine’s relationship to either a Christian denomination or major religion. The first chapter examines Nonconformity as a powerful formative influence on Caine’s religiosity and on his view of fiction. In the second and third chapters, which deal with the Anglican Church and Roman Catholicism respectively, Caine confronts several religious issues of great interest to his contemporaries and with some relevance again in the twenty-first century. The final two chapters consider Caine’s belief in the fundamental unity of all religions by examining his relationship with the Jewish and Islamic faiths. Taken as a whole, this thesis reclaims Caine for a new readership and reminds us of the powerful role popular novels and drama once had in religious debate, and arguably still have. Caine is not always a likeable figure, certainly not a straightforward one, but he is a striking character and, as such, deserves the consideration offered throughout this work
Solutions of multi-component NLS models and spinor Bose-Einstein condensates
Creators: name: Gerdjikov, V. S.
name: Kostov, A.
name: Valchev, T. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A three- and five-component nonlinear Schrodinger-type models, which describe spinor Bose-Einstein condensates (BEC's) with hyperfine structures F=1 and F=2 respectively, are studied. These models for particular values of the coupling constants are integrable by the inverse scattering method. They are related to symmetric spaces of BD.I-type SO(2r+1)/(SO(2) x SO(2r-1)) for r=2 and r=3. Using conveniently modified Zakharov-Shabat dressing procedure we obtain different types of soliton solutions.
description: 12 pages, LaTeX, no figures, elsart style
Analysis of short-term ionospheric variability using WACCM-X
Creators: name: Taziny, Amin
name: Pedatella, Nicholas
name: Liu, Hanli
name: Maute, Astrid
name: Siddiqui, Tarique
name: Li, Wenxian
name: Corchado-Albelo, Marcel
Publisher: name: University Corporation For Atmospheric Research (UCAR)
Year: 2018

The ionosphere is the region embedded in Earth’s upper atmosphere that presents a high concentration of electrons and ionized atoms. This ionospheric plasma scales more than 1000 km in altitude and is highly variable (spatially and temporally) from solar ionizing flux, space weather conditions, and lower atmospheric processes such as vertically propagating gravity waves, planetary waves, etc. Within this study, output from the Whole Atmosphere Community Climate Model with thermosphere and ionosphere extension (WACCM-X), a general circulation model spanning from Earth’s surface to the upper thermosphere, was studied to quantify shortterm variability of the ionosphere total electron content (TEC). The short-term variability is quantified based on the standard deviation within a given month, allowing us to determine how the short-term variability depends on season, location, and solar local time. Low-latitude longitudinal dependence at local noon was determined to quantity the spatial distribution of TEC. These values were then compared with model output of fixed solar and geomagnetic activity to determine the amount of ionospheric variability that can be contributed to the lower atmosphere. A significant amount of this variability was found and can most likely be attributed to meteorological influences originating in the lower atmosphere. Additionally, the WACCM-X simulations were compared with previous works using ionosonde observations to both help validate model output and quantify seasonal TEC data. The results of this study help to improve quantitative understanding and predictability of upper atmosphere variability.
2000 Safety Belt Usage Survey in Kentucky
Creators: name: Agent, Kenneth R.
Publisher: name: Kentucky Transportation Center, University of Kentucky
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Transportation Engineering

description: The objective of this study was to establish 2000 safety belt and child safety seat usage rates in Kentucky. The 2000 survey continues to document the results after enactment of a statewide mandatory safety belt law in 1994. Data were collected at 200 randomly selected sites spread across Kentucky. Data from the individual sites were combined into a statewide percentage considering function classification, geographic region, and vehicle miles traveled.  The data show that the usage rate increase found in 1999, after a few years where the rate had remained at a stable level, continued in 2000 to a smaller degree. The usage rate for front seat occupants was 60 percent in 2000 compared to 59 percent in 1999, 54 percent in 1998, 1997 and 1995, 55 percent in 1996, and 58 percent in 1994. The current usage is substantially above the 1993 level, prior to enactment of the statewide law, of 42 percent.  The 2000 statewide usage rate for children under the age of four was determined to be 87 percent. This continues the high rate found for this age category and compares to the high of 89 percent in 1999.  The statewide law, except for children, involves secondary enforcement. The higher rate for children could partially be related to primary enforcement. To obtain the maximum possible increase in usage, the current law should be modified to allow primary, rather than secondary, enforcement for all vehicle occupants. As a minimum, primary enforcement should apply to drivers while they are in the permit and intermediate phase of the graduated license program.
Present and Future Impacts of Tropical Cyclones on U.S. Metropolitan Hydroclimatology in a High-Resolution Climate Model
Creators: name: Brothers, Kimberly
name: Zarzycki, Colin
name: DuVivier, Alice
name: Vanderwende, Brian
Publisher: name: University Corporation For Atmospheric Research (UCAR)
Year: 2018

Tropical cyclones (TCs) of varying intensities have historically impacted the eastern United States. One of the resulting effects of TCs is often extreme precipitation, which was defined in this project as more than 20mm of precipitation per 6-hour period. Extreme precipitation events can lead to devastating impacts such as flooding, mudslides, and numerous human fatalities. Emergency managers, stakeholders, and the general public rely on impact-based information and guidance to prepare for impacts of TCs on human life, property, businesses, and the environment in both the present and for the future. A three-member ensemble of high-resolution (25km) of the Community Earth System Model (CESM) version 1 experiments from both present and future scenarios was used to investigate impacts on U.S. cities relevant to the aforementioned populations. Point-wise data from 17 eastern U.S. cities historically impacted by TCs were used to explore seasonality, regionality and future changes in the proportion of TC-generated precipitation and how extreme precipitation events change over time. The analyses showed that for most cities, the proportion of precipitation generated from tropical cyclones decreases in the future, but when filtering the data for extreme events, some cities saw increases in TC-generated precipitation for large rainfall rates. Looking at the data on a regional scale, it was found that the ratio of high-intensity TC-generated precipitation in inland cities increased in the future, whereas in coastal cities it decreased.
Are you teaching biostatistics with R? Suggestions to help you as work with your students.
Creators: name: Tabares-Mendoza, Olivia
Publisher: name: QUBES Educational Resources
Year: 2021

description: Teaching students how to code and analyze data in R is important for the fields of biology and ecology. Olivia Tabares and the Ecological Forecasting Education Working Group created this resource to encourage individuals who are teaching biostatics with R. These infographics are intended to provide encouragement and suggestions for working with students who are learning R.
Ensemble averages, Poisson processes and Microstates
Creators: name: Peng, Cheng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider ensemble averaged theories with discrete random variables. We propose a suitable measure to do the ensemble average. We also provide a mathematical description of such ensemble averages of theories in terms of Poisson point processes. Moreover, we demonstrate that averaging theories of this type has an equivalent description as tracing over parts of the microscopic degrees of freedom in a suitable continuous limit of a single microscopic theory. The results from both approaches can be identified with Liouville gravity, of which we further address some implications on the microscopic theory, including venues to look for quantum effects from the view point of the averaged theory. Generalizations to other point processes are also discussed.
description: 36 pages, 2 figures
title: Intelligent Transportation Systems Business Plan for Kentucky
title: (Final Report)
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Walton, Jennifer R.
name: Crabtree, Joseph D.
name: Barrett, Monica L.
name: Pigman, Jerry G.
Publisher: name: Kentucky Transportation Center, University of Kentucky
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Transportation Engineering

description: This report presents a Business Plan for Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) in Kentucky. The purpose of the Business Plan is to define ITS projects that are planned for implementation from 2002 through 2007. The list of projects contained within this document was developed using Kentucky’s ITS Strategic Plan, the ITS National Architecture, and stakeholder input.  There are 21 projects planned for implementation over the next 6 years at a total estimated cost of nearly $80 million. Another five projects will be considered when the Business Plan is updated in two years. These projects cover a wide range of topics including: traffic management, traveler information, public transportation management, commercial vehicle operations, emergency management, and information management. They will be implemented in all 12 highway districts across the state.
X-rays from protostellar jets: emission from continuous flows
Creators: name: Bonito, R.
name: Orlando, S.
name: Peres, G.
name: Favata, F.
name: Rosner, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently X-ray emission from protostellar jets has been detected with both XMM-Newton and Chandra satellites, but the physical mechanism which can give rise to this emission is still unclear. We performed an extensive exploration of a wide space of the main parameters influencing the jet/ambient interaction. Aims include: 1) to constrain the jet/ambient interaction regimes leading to the X-ray emission observed in Herbig-Haro objects in terms of the emission by a shock forming at the interaction front between a continuous supersonic jet and the surrounding medium; 2) to derive detailed predictions to be compared with optical and X-ray observations of protostellar jets; 3) to get insight into the protostellar jet's physical conditions. We performed a set of bidimensional hydrodynamic numerical simulations, in cylindrical coordinates, modeling supersonic jets ramming a uniform ambient medium. The model takes into account the most relevant physical effects, namely the thermal conduction and the radiative losses. Our model explains the observed X-ray emission from protostellar jets in a natural way. In particular we find that the case of a protostellar jet less dense than the ambient medium reproduces well the observations of the nearest Herbig-Haro object, HH154, and allows us to make detailed predictions of a possible X-ray source proper motion (vsh = 500 km/s), detectable with Chandra. Furthermore our results suggest that the simulated protostellar jets which best reproduce the X-rays observations cannot drive molecular outflows.
description: 13 pages, 10 figures, accepted for publication in Astronomy and Astrophysics
Are you learning R? Suggestions to help you as you learn.
Creators: name: Tabares-Mendoza, Olivia
Publisher: name: QUBES Educational Resources
Year: 2021

description: Learning how to code and analyze data in R is an important skill. Olivia Tabares and the Ecological Forecasting Education Working Group created this resource to encourage individuals who are learning R. This infographic provides six suggestions for a mindset that will help you when learning R might get a bit frustrating.
Predictors of survival in children with ependymoma from a single center: using random survival forests
Creators: name: Felix, Francisco
name: Freire, Paula
name: Santos, Kelly
name: Juvenia Fontenele
Publisher: name: F1000Research
Year: 2015

description: Ependymoma accounts for 8–10% of all pediatric brain tumors and constitutes the third most common brain tumor in children. No robust molecular markers are yet in routine clinical use. Random survival forests (RSF) modeling is a new statistical method that reduces variance and bias by using all variables collected and by automatically assessing for nonlinear effects and complex interactions. The primary study endpoint was time to death from any cause, measured from the diagnosis, from which overall survival (OS) percentage was computed. The primary objective of the statistical analysis was to determine the predictors of OS. A survival forest of 1000 survival trees was constructed. Variables were selected with minimal depth method and the model was rerun, yielding another forest with only the selected variables. Between 2000 and 2010, 27 patients were diagnosed with ependymoma. Univariate analysis with log-rank test indicated that surgical extent (p<0.01), radiotherapy (p<0.01) and valproic acid therapy (p=0.01) modified survival, but not tumor site (p=0.5). RSF model indicated 6 variables as predictors of OS: surgery extent, valproic acid treatment, radiotherapy treatment, anaplasia, topography and chemotherapy. After variable selection, 3 variables were left, in order of importance: valproic acid, surgery, and radiotherapy.
Quantifying Snow/Ice Albedo Feedback Strength in the Arctic using Reanalysis data
Creators: name: Williams, Starlette
name: He, Cenlin
name: Buchholz, Rebecca
name: Witte, Mikael
name: Stillwell, Robert
name: Welch, Brittany
Publisher: name: University Corporation For Atmospheric Research (UCAR)
Year: 2018

Snow/ice is a key climate element in the Earth system, which significantly affects surface energy and water balance through a strong snow/ice albedo feedback (SAF). Over the past decade, substantial progress has been made on improving the understanding of SAF over the Northern Hemisphere, particularly under climate change scenarios. However, minimal attention has been paid to quantifying the SAF over the Arctic, a region that is extremely sensitive to global warming. SAF is also an important component in the Arctic amplification. Thus, quantifying the SAF strength in the Arctic allows for a comparable representation of warming responses in the region, especially under the effects of climate change. In this study, SAF is decomposed into the product of two terms, one representing the dependence of net incoming solar radiation on surface albedo and the other representing the change in surface albedo induced by a unit temperature change. The calculations used reanalysis data from the Modern-Era Retrospective analysis for Research and Applications (MERRA-2) from the NASA Global Modeling and Assimilation Office.  surface albedo radiative kernels from four widely-used global climate models (GCMs) were utilized to quantify the first term and compared it with the MERRA-2 analysis in order to investigate GCM ability to reproduce the Arctic SAF strength. SAF was analyzed over the different surface types within the Arctic, including ocean with sea ice and land snow/ice/glacier, to quantify their relative contributions.
Cosmon Lumps and Horizonless Black Holes
Creators: name: Krueger, Timm
name: Neubert, Matthias
name: Wetterich, Christof
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate non-linear, spherically symmetric solutions to the coupled system of a quintessence field and Einstein gravity. In the presence of a scalar potential, we find regular solutions that to an outside observer very closely resemble Schwarzschild black holes. However, these cosmon lumps have neither a horizon nor a central singularity. A stability analysis reveals that our static solutions are dynamically unstable. It remains an open question whether analogous stable solutions exist.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures
Parsec-scale properties of the radio brightest jetted AGN at z > 6
Creators: name: Spingola, C.
name: Dallacasa, D.
name: Belladitta, S.
name: Caccianiga, A.
name: Giroletti, M.
name: Moretti, A.
name: Orienti, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present Director's Discretionary Time multi-frequency observations obtained with the Jansky Very Large Array (VLA) and the Very Long Baseline Array (VLBA) of the blazar PSO J030947.49+271757.31 (hereafter PSO J0309+27) at $z = 6.10\pm0.03$. The milliarcsecond angular resolution of our VLBA observations at 1.5, 5 and 8.4 GHz unveils a bright one-sided jet extended for $\sim500$ parsecs in projection. This high-z radio-loud AGN is resolved into multiple compact sub-components, embedded in a more diffuse and faint radio emission, which enshrouds them in a continuous jet structure. We derive limits on some physical parameters directly from the observable quantities, such as viewing angle, Lorentz and Doppler factors. If PSO J0309+27 is a genuine blazar, as suggested by its X-ray properties, then we find that its bulk Lorentz factor must be relatively low (less than 5). Such value would be in favour of a scenario currently proposed to reconcile the paucity of high-z blazars with respect to current predictions. Nevertheless, we cannot exclude that PSO J0309+27 is seen under a larger viewing angle, which would imply that the X-ray emission must be enhanced, for example, by inverse Compton with the Cosmic Microwave Background. More stringent constraints on the bulk Lorentz factor in PSO J0309+27 and the other high-z blazars are necessary to test whether their properties are intrinsically different with respect to the low-z blazar population.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures, accepted for publication in A&A Letters
Predicting Streamflow and Snowpack Sensitivities to Climate Change in the Pacific Northwest's Green River Basin
Creators: name: Harrell, Jane
name: Wood, Andy
name: Clark, Martyn
name: Schwantes, Rebecca
name: Fanfarillo, Alessandro
name: Allapowa, LuAnna
Publisher: name: University Corporation For Atmospheric Research (UCAR)
Year: 2018

Climate change will have significant impacts on Pacific Northwest hydrology. For water and environmental resource managers, an improved understanding of climate impacts at the watershed scale is critical for regional mitigation and adaptation. The Pacific Northwest's Green River Basin is a valuable water supply, major flood risk, and provides habitat to cold-water aquatic species. Streamflow in the basin is seasonally regulated for flood prevention and flow modulation for ecosystem health. This study investigates the implications of climate change on streamflow and snowpack in the Green River Basin. Climate sensitivity analysis and future climate change impacts are simulated using the Snow17/Sacramento Soil Moisture Accounting model (Snow17/Sac) implemented with two elevation zones. Future climate change impacts on basin hydrology are assessed using an ensemble of statistically downscaled climate projections from Global Climate Models (GCMs) run as part of the Intergovernmental Program on Climate Change 5th Assessment Report. The application of two future emission scenarios (RCP 4.5 and 8.5) lead to moderate increases in streamflow volume and 49.9% to 84.0% reductions in snowpack by the year 2079 for RCP 4.5 and RCP 8.5, respectively. Center timing of streamflow is projected to shift towards earlier timing indicating that the basin is predicted to evolve from a transient to rain-dominated watershed. This shift in the annual hydrologic cycle could lead to heightened demands on seasonal water needs and changes in the frequency of extremes (flood and drought). Future planning and reassessment of how water is managed in the Green River Basin may be necessary to maintain operations that suffice to meet the region's water needs.
Seizure prophylaxis with valproic acid in pediatric patients with brain tumors
Creators: name: Felix, Francisco
name: Veras, Igor
name: Nogueira, Cleto
name: Jony Pinto Junior
name: Orlandira Araújo
name: Nádia Trompieri
name: Juvenia Fontenele
Publisher: name: F1000Research
Year: 2015

description: Valproic acid (valproate sodium, VPA) is an anti-epileptic drug (AED) widely used for treating seizures in children. It has also been used for seizures associated with brain tumors. Seizure prophylaxis is controversial in brain tumor patients. However, a recent metanalysis was not conclusive due to the lack of appropriate clinical data. Seizures are more frequent in pediatric patients with a supratentorial tumor but can nonetheless infrequently occur in posterior fossa tumor patients, and their determinants have remained obscure. We reviewed the charts of patients referred to our institution and diagnosed between January 2000 and December 2008 with primary brain tumors, aged 0–17 years. The primary study endpoint for treatment efficacy was time to death due to any cause, from which overall survival (OS) was computed. The primary objective of the statistical analysis was to determine whether the valproate treatment produced a difference in the median overall survival. Survival functions were fitted with the Kaplan-Meyer method and compared with log rank test, expressing the results as hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). We then performed multivariate analysis with Cox proportional hazards model and the additive hazards Aalen Model. We considered the use of valproate as a time-dependent covariate in order to adjust the survival model. Pearson’s chi-squared test was used to compare the risk of new-onset seizures between treated and non-treated groups. Data descriptive statistics and statistical calculations were performed on R 2.12 for Mac OSX (R Foundation for Statistical Computing, 2010). One hundred, sixty five patients were included, 70 fe- male, median age 7.4 years, 34% embryonal tumors, 19% low grade gliomas, 27% brainstem tumors. Median overal survival for the whole cohort was 29 (19-36) months. Median follow-up time was 24 months. Eighty patients received prophylatic VPA. Median OS of patients that received prophylatic VPA was 35 months, and median OS of non-treated patients was 15 months. Two-year OS was 39% (29-51) for non-treated and 66% (56-78) for treated patients. Radiation therapy, surgery, and hystological group had statistically significant (p < 0.005) influence on survival, but not VPA treatment. Aalen-model estimated survival probability of both groups was 46% (non-treated) ans 55% (treated) at 2 years and 41 and 46% at 5 years. A comparison with Pearson’s chi-squared test yielded a non-significant difference in new-onset seizures risk between treated and non-treated groups. Valproic acid had no effect in survival probability of a heterogenous group of pediatric patients with brain tumors. Seizure prophylaxis with VPA for this cohort of patients was ineffective.
Temporal behavior of two-wave-mixing in photorefractive InP:Fe versus temperature
Creators: name: Khelfaoui, Naima
name: Wolfersberger, Delphine
name: Kugel, Godefroy
name: Fressengeas, Nicolas
name: Chauvet, Mathieu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The temporal response of two-wave-mixing in photorefractive InP:Fe under a dc electric field at different temperatures has been studied. In particular, the temperature dependence of the characteristic time constant has been studied both theoretically and experimentally, showing a strongly decreasing time constant with increasing temperature.
Strawberry microbiome assembly along the fruit development provides insights into food safety and health
Creators: name: Olimi, Expedito
name: Kusstatscher, Peter
name: Wicaksono, Wisnu Adi
name: Abdelfattah, Ahmed
name: Cernava, Tomislav
name: Berg, Gabriele
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021

description: Plants are holobionts, and their microbiota play critical roles in growth, health, and abiotic stress resilience. Plant-specific microbiome assembly has previously been demonstrated for different plant species; however, how microbial communities are assembled along the fruit development and how this translates onto fruit quality and postharvest storage is less well known. We applied high-throughput sequencing of bacterial and fungal community, and real-time qPCR to investigate the fruit microbiome assembly in strawberry (Fragaria x ananassa ) plants.
title: GFRP Reinforced Concrete Bridge Decks
title: (KYSPR 96-169)
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Deitz, David
name: Harik, Issam E.
name: Gesund, Hans
Publisher: name: Kentucky Transportation Center, University of Kentucky
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Transportation Engineering

description: This report investigates the application of glass fiber reinforced polymer (GFRP) rebars in concrete bridge decks as a potential replacement or supplement to conventional steel rebars. Tests were conducted to determine the material properties of the GFRP reinforcement, and experiments were performed to study aspects of GFRP rebar placement in actual bridge decks. These included observation of GFRP rebar handling characteristics and worker response during construction. Load tests of full-scale reinforced concrete specimens were conducted to evaluate the characteristics of three reinforcing schemes: (1) an epoxy coated steel (ECS) reinforcing scheme; (2) a GFRP reinforcing scheme, and (3) a Hybrid reinforcing scheme combining GFRP and ECS rebars.  Results of the investigation showed that the moduli of elasticity in tension and compression for the GFRP rebars were approximately the same, but the ultimate strength in compression was 50% of the ultimate strength in tension. Several recommendations were made for construction and repair procedures for decks reinforced with GFRP rebars. Modifications are suggested to existing theoretical expressions for predicting ultimate shear strength and maximum crack width of GFRP reinforced concrete members.  The results of this study show that bridge decks reinforced with GFRP rebars satisfy the AASHTO specifications for strength. AASHTO’s crack width requirements were not satisfied.
Orbit projections as fibrations
Creators: name: Rainer, Armin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 55R05; 55R65; 57S15

description: The orbit projection $π: M \to M/G$ of a proper $G$-manifold $M$ is a fibration if and only if all points in $M$ are regular. Under additional assumptions we show that $π$ is a quasifibration if and only if all points are regular. We get a full answer in the equivariant category: $π$ is a $G$-quasifibration if and only if all points are regular.
description: 7 pages
Neue Technologien, Transhumanismus, Behinderte und der ÖRK
Creators: name: Wolbring, Gregor
Publisher: name: Ökumenische Rundschau
Year: 2025

description: Ökumenische Rundschau, Bd. 55 Nr. 4 (2006): Ökumenische Rundschau, Band 55, Heft 4
Minutes of meeting of the Board of Trustees of the Winfield & Okanagan Centre Irrigation District, December 23, 1931
Creators: name: Trustees Of The Winfield And Okanagan Centre Irrigation District
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2017

description: Minutes of meeting of the Board of Trustees of the Winfield & Okanagan Centre Irrigation District, dated December 23, 1931, regarding the Crooked Lake dam and the road to Beaver Lake.
Blue Large-Amplitude Pulsators: the Possible Surviving Companions of Type Ia Supernovae
Creators: name: Meng, Xiang-Cun
name: Han, Zhan-Wen
name: Podsiadlowski, Philipp
name: Li, Jiao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The single degenerate (SD) model, one of the leading models for the progenitors of Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia), predicts that there should be binary companions that survive the supernova explosion which, in principle, should be detectable in the Galaxy. The discovery of such surviving companions could therefore provide conclusive support for the SD model. Several years ago, a new type of mysterious variables was discovered, the so-called blue large-amplitude pulsators (BLAPs). Here we show that all the properties of BLAPs can be reasonably well reproduced if they are indeed such surviving companions, in contrast to other proposed channels. This suggests that BLAPs could potentially be the long-sought surviving companions of SNe Ia. Our model also predicts a new channel for forming single hot subdwarf stars, consistent with a small group in the present hot-subdwarf-star sample.
description: 21 pages, 13 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ
Detailed transport investigation of the magnetic anisotropy of (Ga,Mn)As
Creators: name: Pappert, K.
name: Gould, C.
name: Sawicki, M.
name: Wenisch, J.
name: Brunner, K.
name: Schmidt, G.
name: Molenkamp, L. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper discusses transport methods for the investigation of the (Ga,Mn)As magnetic anisotropy. Typical magnetoresistance behaviour for different anisotropy types is discussed, focusing on an in depth discussion of the anisotropy fingerprint technique and extending it to layers with primarily uniaxial magnetic anisotropy. We find that in all (Ga,Mn)As films studied, three anisotropy components are always present. The primary biaxial along ([100] and [010]) along with both uniaxial components along the [110] and [010] crystal directions which are often reported separately. Various fingerprints of typical (Ga,Mn)As transport samples at 4 K are included to illustrate the variation of the relative strength of these anisotropy terms. We further investigate the temperature dependence of the magnetic anisotropy and the domain wall nucleation energy with the help of the fingerprint method.