cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Criterion-referenced assessment and evaluation as socially situated practice
Creators: name: Reynolds, J. Karen
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: In the fall of 1994, the provincial government of British Columbia introduced education policy involving an emphasis on criterion-referenced evaluation, and the reintroduction of letter grades from grades four to seven. In this dissertation I describe and interpret how one school principal, one grade 5/6 teacher, a group of grade 5/6 students, and parents of grade 5/6 students, understood the policy change. The purpose of this case study is to try to understand varying points of view that participants bring to such a policy change. This study was a collaborative project from 1994 to 1997. "Anne," a grade 5/6 teacher, and I jointly collected and examined documents pertaining to education policy and Anne's classroom practices associated with assessment—evaluation. Data collection techniques involved participant—observation in the form of informal and formal observations, and informally-structured interviews. A key finding of the study is that policy is ambiguous and can be understood from multiple and divergent standpoints. Anne saw policy and classroom practices associated with assessment-evaluation as means for promoting learning in terms of metacognitive development. Many of Anne's students and their parents saw assessment-evaluation as means for generating marks and grades for exchange on competitive markets. James Wertsch's (1991; 1995) and Pierre Bourdieu's (1990) philosophical and methodological viewpoints proved to be useful frames for interpreting findings. Within this context, I understood participants' interpretations of policy and classroom practices associated with assessment—evaluation as socially situated in settings characterized by unequal relations of power among policy-makers, school administrators, teachers, students, and parents. My overall conclusion is that a useful approach to assessment-evaluation would provide teachers with adequate time and support to explore, discuss, and reflect upon their interpretations of assessment-evaluation policy and classroom practices within and across contexts of their work. More equitable relations of power among teachers, students, parents, administration, policy-makers, and researchers would facilitate greater communication and collaboration within and across interest groups. Increased communication and collaboration among people promise shared, albeit divergent, understanding regarding what counts as useful policy, and fair practices.
Coherent Beam Combining Through Mutual Injection Locking of Individual Lasers
Creators: name: Wang, Qiang
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2010
Subjects: coherent beam combining
mutual injection locking
solid-state laser

description: Beam-combining is a technology for generation of a single high power beam from individual laser modules.  Coherent beam-combining has the advantage that the combined beam has a smaller divergence angle and an increased brightness at the lasing wavelength.  In this dissertation, coherent beam-combining of multiple continuous-wave individual lasers that are coupled through an external combining section is studied.  The mutual coherence among multiple laser beams is achieved through mutual injection-locking, which can be viewed as the formation of the compound-cavity mode.  Mutual injection-locking of two individual lasers is demonstrated experimentally.  With large difference in the cavity-lengths of individual lasers and low Q-factors for individual lasers, mutual injection-locking is self-sustainable without active stabilization.  This is due to the self-formation of the compound-cavity mode.  Three individual lasers are experimentally combined through mutual injection-locking in the Michelson interferometer configuration.  Under mutual injection-locking, not only a single longitudinal compound-cavity mode is formed with maximum output power, but also a single coherent spatial mode is formed which leads to a smaller divergence in the combined beam.  A theoretical model is developed to study mutual injection-locking of two individual lasers, where the combining section is a resonant cavity and the coupling between two lasers is frequency-dependent.  Thus evolution of circulation fields in frequency domain is necessary.  Full evolution model in three sections is needed when lengths of three cavities are roughly equal.  Two reduced models, with combining section much shorter than individual lasers and acting as an etalon, or with individual lasers much shorter than combining section and acting as regenerative amplifiers, are also studied.  The lockable detuning ranges is obtained analytically and is determined by the condition of a single maximum in roundtrip net gain profile of the circulation field in the combining section, and numerical simulation in the three cavity-length cases confirm it.  The lower the Q-factors of the individual lasers are, the larger the lockable detuning range is.  The detuning of the combining section only influences the location of the compound-cavity mode, so that a separate active control of the combining section is not necessary.
Sub Shot-Noise interferometric phase sensitivity with Beryllium ions Schroedinger Cat States
Creators: name: Pezzé, Luca
name: Smerzi, Augusto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Interferometry with NOON quantum states can provide unbiased phase estimation with a sensitivity scaling as $Δθ\sim 1/N_T$ given a prior knowledge that the true phase shift $θ$ lies in the interval $-π\leq θ\leq π$. The protocol requires a total of $N_T = 2^{p}-1$ particles (unequally) distributed among $p$ independent measurements and overcomes basic difficulties present in previously proposed approaches. We demonstrate the possibility to obtain a phase sensitivity beating the classical shot-noise limit using published probabilities retrieved experimentally for the creation of Schrödinger cat quantum states containing up to N=6 beryllium ions.
description: 6 Pages, 4 Figures
Elastocaloric effect associated with the martensitic transition in shape-memory alloys
Creators: name: Bonnot, Erell
name: Romero, Ricardo
name: Manosa, Lluis
name: Vives, Eduard
name: Planes, Antoni
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The elastocaloric effect in the vicinity of the martensitic transition of a Cu-Zn-Al has been studied by inducing the transition by strain or stress measurements. While transition trajectories show significant differences, the entropy change associated with the whole transformation (\DeltaSt) is coincident in both kind of experiments since entropy production is small compared to \DeltaSt. The values agree with estimations based on the Clausius- Clapeyron equation. The possibility of using these materials for mechanical refrigeration is also discussed.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures
The Immigration Experiences, Acculturation, and Parenting of Chinese Immigrant Mothers
Creators: name: Leung, Christy Y. Y.
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2012
Subjects: Acculturation
Immigrant
Mixed Method
Parenting

description: The overall goal of the present study was to examine Chinese immigrant mothers' reasons for migration, experiences of migrating to the U.S., their acculturation strategies, adjustment, and parenting through a complementarity mixed-method approach.  Both quantitative and qualitative methodologies were utilized concurrently to address the overall aim of this cross-sectional study.  Specifically, the sample for the quantitative approach comprised 119 first-generation Chinese immigrant mothers of young children in Maryland.  Utilizing data obtained through questionnaires, Chinese immigrant mothers were grouped into four different acculturation strategies (integration, assimilation, separation, and marginalization) and compared on: (1) their reasons for migration; (2) the role of negative and positive factors in their acculturation strategies; (3) their psychological functioning; and (4) their parenting styles.  To complement and add to the findings obtained through the quantitative approach, 50 of the 119 mothers were interviewed using a qualitative approach.  The themes raised by these Chinese immigrant mothers during semi-structured interviews regarding their: (1) reasons for migration and pre-migration expectations; (2) negative and positive immigration experiences; (3) evaluations of their immigration decision; and (4) conceptualization of Chinese and American parenting and changes in their parenting since they migrated to the U.S., were analyzed.  This complementarity mixed-method approach allowed for an enriched, elaborated understanding of the immigration experiences, acculturation, parenting, and adjustment of Chinese immigrant mothers.  The findings of the present study can provide important information to guide culturally informed community resources and policy development to support the adaptive transition and healthy development of Chinese immigrant families with young children in the context of small co-ethnic communities.
Charmonium Production at High Energy in the k_T-Factorization Approach
Creators: name: Kniehl, B. A.
name: Vasin, D. V.
name: Saleev, V. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study charmonium production at high-energy colliders (Tevatron, HERA, and LEP2) in the framework of the k_T-factorization approach and the factorization formalism of non-relativistic quantum chromodynamics at leading order in the strong-coupling constant alpha_s and the relative velocity v. The transverse-momentum distributions of direct and prompt J/psi-meson production measured at the Fermilab Tevatron are fitted to obtain the non-perturbative long-distance matrix elements for different choices of unintegrated gluon distribution functions in the proton. Using the matrix elements thus obtained, we predict charmonium production rates in gamma-gamma, gamma-p, and deep-inelastic e-p collisions including the contributions from both direct and resolved photons. The results are compared with the known ones obtained in the conventional parton model and with recent experimental data from HERA and LEP2.
description: 40 pages, 10 figures
Photometric observations of two type II-P Supernovae: normal SN II-P 2004A and unusual SN 2004ek
Creators: name: Tsvetkov, D. Yu.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: CCD BVRI photometry is presented for type II Supernovae 2004A and 2004ek. SN 2004A is found to be a typical SN II-P, with the shape of the light and color curves and maximum luminosity closely matching those for SN 1999em. SN 2004ek shows unusual light curves with long flat plateau in the B band, two peaks in the V and prominent brightening in the R and I bands, starting about 45 days past outburst. The brightness decline after the plateau stage is probably quite slow. The plateau luminosity is about 1.5 mag brighter than average for SN II-P.
description: 4 pages, 7 figures, 3 tables, submitted to Variable Stars
Gaia Gaps and the Physics of Low-Mass Stars. I. The Fully Convective Boundary
Creators: name: Feiden, Gregory A.
name: Skidmore, Khian
name: Jao, Wei-Chun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Gaia M-dwarf gap is a significant under-density of stars observed near $M_G = 10.2$ in a color-magnitude diagram for stars within 200 pc of the Sun. It has been proposed that the gap is the manifestation of structural instabilities within stellar interiors due to non-equilibrium $^{3}$He fusion prior to some stars becoming fully convective. To test this hypothesis, we use Dartmouth stellar evolution models, MARCS model atmospheres, and simple stellar population synthesis to create synthetic $M_G$-($G_{\rm BP} - G_{\rm RP})$ color-magnitude diagrams. We confirm that the proposed $^{3}$He instability is responsible for the appearance of the M-dwarf gap. Our synthetic gap shows qualitatively similar features to the observed gap including: its vertical extent in $M_G$, its slope in the color-magnitude diagram, and its relative prominence at bluer colors as compared to redder colors. Furthermore, corresponding over-densities of stars above the gap are reproduced by the models. While qualitatively similar, the synthetic gap is approximately 0.2 magnitudes bluer and, accounting for this color offset, 0.16 magnitudes brighter than the observed gap. Our results reveal that the Gaia M dwarf gap is sensitive to conditions within cores of M dwarf stars, making the gap a powerful tool for testing the physics of M dwarf stars and potentially using M dwarfs to understand the local star formation history.
description: 20 pages, 8 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ, comments welcome
Higher Order Contributions to the 21 cm Power Spectrum
Creators: name: Lidz, Adam
name: Zahn, Oliver
name: McQuinn, Matthew
name: Zaldarriaga, Matias
name: Dutta, Suvendra
name: Hernquist, Lars
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the contribution of 3rd and 4th order terms to the power spectrum of 21 cm brightness temperature fluctuations during the epoch of reionization, which arise because the 21 cm brightness temperature involves a product of the hydrogenic neutral fraction and the gas density. The 3rd order terms vanish for Gaussian random fields, and have been previously neglected or ignored. We measure these higher order terms from radiative transfer simulations and estimate them using cosmological perturbation theory. In our simulated models, the higher order terms are significant: neglecting them leads to a >~100% error in 21 cm power spectrum predictions on scales of k >~ 1 Mpc^{-1} when the neutral fraction is ~0.5. The higher order terms have a simple physical interpretation. On small scales they are produced by gravitational mode coupling. Small scale structure grows more readily in large-scale overdense regions, but the same regions tend to be ionized and hence do not contribute to the 21 cm signal. This acts to suppress the influence of non-linear density fluctuations and the small-scale amplitude of the 21 cm power spectrum. These results modify earlier intuition that the 21 cm power spectrum simply traces the density power spectrum on scales smaller than that of a typical bubble, and imply that small scale measurements contain more information about the nature of the ionizing sources than previously believed. On large scales, higher order moments are not directly related to gravity. They are non-zero because over-dense regions tend to ionize first and are important in magnitude at late times owing to the large fluctuations in the neutral fraction. (Abridged)
description: 12 pages, 10 figures, submitted to ApJ
Perceptions of School Climate, Psychological Sense of Community, and Gay-Straight  Alliances: A Mixed Method Examination
Creators: name: Portnoy, Galina Alexandra
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2012
Subjects: Gay Straight Alliance
Homophobia
LGBTQ
Mixed methods
Psychological sense of community
School climate

description: The high prevalence of anti-LGBTQ (lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer/questioning) bullying in U.S. schools is extreme and commonplace.  LGBTQ students - and heterosexual students who are perceived to be gay - routinely experience discrimination and sexual prejudice.  This mixed method study examined student perceptions of school climate, psychological sense of community (PSOC), and Gay-Straight Alliances (GSAs) in U.S. high schools.  Data was analyzed to explore whether students from high schools with GSAs report a more positive general school climate, less homophobic school climate, and higher PSOC than students from high schools without GSAs, regardless of their sexual orientation. Quantitative findings of mean differences between participants from high schools with and without GSAs were nonsignificant, however, meaningful qualitative themes emerged that helped to contextualize these results. Qualitative analysis yielded themes related to geographical factors, values of those in power, GSA effectiveness, multiple PSOC, covert and overt homophobia, and bystander intervention.  The mixed method findings provided a nuanced understanding of students' perceptions and experiences.
Low Surface Brightness Galaxies in z > 1 Galaxy Clusters: HST approaches the Progenitors of Local Ultra Diffuse Galaxies
Creators: name: Bachmann, Aisha
name: van der Burg, Remco F. J.
name: Fensch, Jérémy
name: Brammer, Gabriel
name: Muzzin, Adam
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Ultra Diffuse Galaxies (UDGs), a type of large Low Surface Brightness (LSB) galaxies with particularly large effective radii (r_eff > 1.5 kpc), are now routinely studied in the local (z<0.1) universe. While they are found to be abundant in clusters, groups, and in the field, their formation mechanisms remain elusive and an active topic of debate. New insights may be found by studying their counterparts at higher redshifts (z>1.0), even though cosmological surface brightness dimming makes them particularly diffcult to detect and study there. This work uses the deepest Hubble Space Telescope (HST) imaging stacks of z > 1 clusters, namely: SPT-CL J2106-5844 and MOO J1014+0038. These two clusters, at z=1.13 and z=1.23, were monitored as part of the HST See-Change program. Compared to the Hubble Extreme Deep Field (XDF) as reference field, we find statistical over-densities of large LSB galaxies in both clusters. Based on stellar population modelling and assuming no size evolution, we find that the faintest sources we can detect are about as bright as expected for the progenitors of the brightest local UDGs. We find that the LSBs we detect in SPT-CL J2106-5844 and MOO J1014-5844 already have old stellar populations that place them on the red sequence. Correcting for incompleteness, and based on an extrapolation of local scaling relations, we estimate that distant UDGs are relatively under-abundant compared to local UDGs by a factor ~ 3. A plausible explanation for the implied increase with time would be a significant size growth of these galaxies in the last ~ 8 Gyr, as also suggested by hydrodynamical simulations.
description: Accepted for publication in A&A Letters, in press., 6 pages (+ 3 pages in Appendices)
title: Magnetic resonace imaging kinematics of the Posterior Cruciate deficient knee
title: Magnetic resonance imaging kinematics of the Posterior Cruciate deficient knee
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Chandrasekaran, Sivashankar
Publisher: name: The Australian National University
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Knee Magnetic resonance imaging
subject: Knee Wounds and injuries
subject: Ligaments Wounds and injuries
subject: Kinematics

description: The aim of this thesis is to compare the sagittal plane articulation of the Tibiofemoral joint of the Posterior Cruciate Ligament (PCL) deficient knee with the healthy knee and the contralateral uninjured knee. Difference in the articulation profile may help to explain the predominance of medial compartment degeneration seen arthroscopically in PCL injured knees. Analysis of the kinematics of the contralateral knee may help elicit predisposing kinematic abnormalities to PCL injuries and also test the validity of using the contralateral knee as a control. Magnetic resonance was used to generate sagittal images of ten healthy knees and ten knees with isolated PCL injuries. The subjects performed a supine leg press against a 150N load. Images were generated at 15 degree intervals as the knee flexed from 0 to 900. The Tibiofemoral Contact (TFC) and the Flexion Facet Centre (FFC) were measured from the posterior tibial cortex. The contact pattern and FFC was significantly more anterior in the injured knee from 45 to 900 of knee flexion in the medial compartment compared to the healthy knee. The greatest difference between the mean TFC points of both groups occurred at 75 and 900, the difference being 4 mm and 5 mm respectively. The greatest difference between the mean FFC of both groups occurred at 750 of flexion, which was 3 mm. There was no significant difference in the contact pattern and FFC between the injured and healthy knees in the lateral compartment. There was no significant difference in the TFC and FFC between the healthy knee and contralateral knee of subjects with acute and chronic PCL injuries in the medial and lateral compartments of the knee. The study demonstrates that there is a significant difference in the medial compartment sagittal plane articulation of the tibiofemoral joint in subjects with an isolated PCL injury. Further, this study suggests there is no predisposing articulation abnormality to PCL injury. That is, in the setting of chronic injury the contralateral knee does not modify its articulation profile and the contralateral knee can be used as a valid control when evaluating the articulation of the PCL deficient knee.
An Experimental Overview of Results Presented at SQM 2006
Creators: name: Seto, Richard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: I have been asked to give an critical overview on the experimental results shown in the conference with a emphasis of what has been learned and the challenges that are ahead in trying to understand the physics of the strongly interacting quark-gluon plasma. I will not try to summarize all of the results presented, rather I will concentrate primarily on RHIC data from this conference. Throughout this summary, I will periodically review some of the previous results for those not familiar with the present state of the field.
description: 15 pages, 12 Figures
A criterion of convergence in the augmented Teichmueller space
Creators: name: Mondello, Gabriele
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 32G15

description: We prove a criterion of convergence in the augmented Teichmueller space that can be phrased in terms of convergence of the hyperbolic metrics or of quasiconformal convergence away from the nodes.
description: 13 pages, 1 figure
MOCHA: A Dataset for Training and Evaluating Generative Reading Comprehension Metrics
Creators: name: Chen, Anthony
name: Stanovsky, Gabriel
name: Singh, Sameer
name: Gardner, Matt
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Posing reading comprehension as a generation problem provides a great deal of flexibility, allowing for open-ended questions with few restrictions on possible answers. However, progress is impeded by existing generation metrics, which rely on token overlap and are agnostic to the nuances of reading comprehension. To address this, we introduce a benchmark for training and evaluating generative reading comprehension metrics: MOdeling Correctness with Human Annotations. MOCHA contains 40K human judgement scores on model outputs from 6 diverse question answering datasets and an additional set of minimal pairs for evaluation. Using MOCHA, we train a Learned Evaluation metric for Reading Comprehension, LERC, to mimic human judgement scores. LERC outperforms baseline metrics by 10 to 36 absolute Pearson points on held-out annotations. When we evaluate robustness on minimal pairs, LERC achieves 80% accuracy, outperforming baselines by 14 to 26 absolute percentage points while leaving significant room for improvement. MOCHA presents a challenging problem for developing accurate and robust generative reading comprehension metrics.
The fragrance of the frangipani : an analysis of the calendrical rites and buddhist practices of Luang Prabang
Creators: name: Chareonsonthichai, Thararat
Publisher: name: The Australian National University
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: BQ4990.L28 2011
subject: Buddhism Customs and practices
subject: Buddhism Rituals
subject: Louangphrabang (Laos) Social life and customs

description: This thesis examines how and why the calendrical rites once associated with the king in Luang Prabang, Laos, have been preserved under the socialist and post-socialist regimes, well after the departure of the king. It investigates the memories and experiences of original townsfolk who are the main preservers of the traditions, in order to understand what meanings the rituals hold for them as they continue to maintain the traditions to a great extent. The thesis also explores changes in the meaning of ritual symbols in the new socio-political and economic setting. In analytical terms, the thesis moves away from the familiar framework of previous studies of Lao rituals, which focus on the royalty and the state leaders and which emphasize the structure of the galactic polity embodied in ritual symbols. The thesis instead argues that although the structure of the polity is important in Lao rituals, so too are traditional notions of social hierarchy, gender complementarity, Buddhist civility and local identity, which continue to inform ritual practice and structure socio-cultural life in the former royal capital, even in the absence of the king. I argue that a methodological focus on the state authorities as authors of the rites leaves out the role of the many ritual participants who enact the rituals for reasons of their own, drawing on their own memories, and hence influencing the form and meaning of the contemporary rites to a significant degree. Drawing on the perspective of original townspeople of Luang Prabang, with a particular emphasis on women, and based on observations of rituals as practiced in popular, non-official contexts, the thesis argues that even in centralized communist societies that aim to comprehensively restructure the meaning of the past to serve political interests, the meaning of the past remains socially embedded and hence the transmission of tradition is a decentralized affair. Finally, the thesis emphasizes the value of ethnography, and the benefits of going beyond speculation and semiotic analysis to delve deeply into the memories, experiences and explanations of participants. With its distinctive approaches, it illustrates the ritual reproduction of muang Luang Prabang despite the coming of the new regime.
Weak gravitational lensing in brane-worlds
Creators: name: Gergely, László Á.
name: Darázs, Barbara
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive the deflection angle of light rays caused by a brane black hole with mass m and tidal charge q in the weak lensing approach, up to the second order in perturbation theory. We point out when the newly derived second order contributions become important.
description: 7 pages, to appear in the Proceedings of the FIKUT4 Conference, Publications of the Astronomy Department of E\"{o}tv\"{o}s University, PADEU vol. 17 (2006)
Master_Thesis_Emmanouil_compressed.pdf
Creators: name: Tzomos, Emmanouil
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 20299 Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 20201 Atomic and Molecular Physics

description: In the present work, two experimental setups aimed at the production of (1) water clusters and (2) metal-oxide nanoparticles were assembled and commissioned. The experiments on the cluster/nanoparticle beams were set up and performed at the FlexPES beamline of the MAX-IV synchrotron facility. In these experiments, photoelectron spectroscopy technique was the tool, with Scienta R4000 electron spectrometer used for collecting spectra in water valence region and the low-kinetic energy region in the first part, and in silver valence and 3d region for the second part. The experiments on water clusters were motivated by the questions existing in the radiotherapy treatment of tumours by electrons produced as the result of body water ionization. Our experiments showed a monotonous growth of the secondary electron production with the kinetic energy of the primary photoelectrons. The experiments on silver-oxide nanoparticles were inspired by the role silver plays in catalytic oxidation processes. The results shed some light on the spectroscopic signatures of two possible oxidation states in silver about which a discussion has been running for decades.
Charge carrier density noise in graphene: effect of localized/delocalized traps
Creators: name: Pellegrino, Francesco M. D.
name: Falci, Giuseppe
name: Paladino, Elisabetta
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Graphene-based devices show $1/f$ low-frequency noise in several electronic transport properties, such as mobility and charge carrier concentration. The recent outburst of experimental studies on graphene-based devices integrated into circuit quantum electrodynamics systems has rekindled the interest in low-frequency charge noise. We investigate charge carrier density noise in graphene within the McWorther model where noise is induced by electron traps in the substrate. We focus on the large doping regime and introduce a simple modelization of the effect of localized/delocalized traps in terms of single/double spin occupancy of trap states. We find that in both cases the charge carrier spectrum of graphene obeys the $1/f^α$ power-law behavior where $α$ is very close to the unity, and for each case we evaluate the deviation $β=1-α$. The amplitude of the noise is found to depend on the trap energy distribution and on temperature. Single/double spin occupancy of trap states influences the temperature dependence of noise amplitude only to second order.
Sub-arcsecond Imaging of the Complex Organic Chemistry in Massive Star-forming Region G10.6-0.4
Creators: name: Law, Charles J.
name: Zhang, Qizhou
name: Öberg, Karin I.
name: Galván-Madrid, Roberto
name: Keto, Eric
name: Liu, Hauyu Baobab
name: Ho, Paul T. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Massive star-forming regions exhibit an extremely rich and diverse chemistry, which in principle provides a wealth of molecular probes, as well as laboratories for interstellar prebiotic chemistry. Since the chemical structure of these sources displays substantial spatial variation among species on small scales (${\lesssim}10^4$ au), high angular resolution observations are needed to connect chemical structures to local environments and inform astrochemical models of massive star formation. To address this, we present ALMA 1.3 mm observations toward OB cluster-forming region G10.6-0.4 (hereafter "G10.6") at a resolution of 0.14$^{\prime\prime}$ (700 au). We find highly-structured emission from complex organic molecules (COMs) throughout the central 20,000 au, including two hot molecular cores and several shells or filaments. We present spatially-resolved rotational temperature and column density maps for a large sample of COMs and warm gas tracers. These maps reveal a range of gas substructure in both O- and N-bearing species. We identify several spatial correlations that can be explained by existing models of COM formation, including NH$_2$CHO/HNCO and CH$_3$OCHO/CH$_3$OCH$_3$, but also observe unexpected distributions and correlations which suggest that our current understanding of COM formation is far from complete. Importantly, complex chemistry is observed throughout G10.6, rather than being confined to hot cores. The COM composition appears to be different in the cores compared to the more extended structures, which illustrates the importance of high spatial resolution observations of molecular gas in elucidating the physical and chemical processes associated with massive star formation.
description: 41 pages, 25 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ
Pedagogies of leisure : considering community recreation centres as contexts for art education and art experience
Creators: name: Lackey, Lara Marie
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: This dissertation examines visual art programming and art education practices within the contexts of two community recreation centres in an urban Canadian West Coast Parks and Recreation Department. Addressing the academic communities of both education and recreation/leisure studies, it questions the dichotomy of education and recreation and looks at leisure institutions as pedagogical environments. This research considers the question, "What is the context into which art programming in community recreation centres is expected to fit, and how does that context position and affect art teaching and art experience?" It uses interview transcripts, documents, visual data, and field notes to identify themes pertaining to the ideological and structural environments in which art programming practice occurs. The perspectives of staff7administrators are contrasted with those of art instructors, and elaborated by evidence related to participants' experiences and the physical/visual/symbolic environments of the settings. The study is positioned within sociological literatures of art, leisure, and education—including feminist analysis and critical theory—and draws particularly on the work of Pierre Bourdieu. Analysis suggests numerous contradictions to the construction of leisure as freedom, pleasure, and non-education, and draws attention to the particular ways that these recreation centre sites frame and influence art encounters. For example, although one description of art education practice in these settings is that it is "wrapped in fun", it can alternatively be understood as occurring within the frenzied and fragmented temporal patterns of contemporary North American life; commodified and negotiated in expectations of pleasure; imbued with a formal lack of authority; and positioned within an environment which tends to privilege physical and male-dominated forms of leisure. The study suggests that informal institutional practices and tacit messages act to contravene a formal arts policy intended to increase recreational arts programming, ultimately maintaining the status quo.
European Identity: a Multimodal Perspective
Creators: name: Picciuolo, Mariangela
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2015
Subjects: L-LIN/01 Glottologia e linguistica
SPS/08 Sociologia dei processi culturali e comunicativi

description: Il lavoro prende in analisi le retoriche di costruzione dell’identità europea nel discorso istituzionale, assumendo come riferimento il primo video diffuso dal Parlamento Europeo durante la campagna di sensibilizzazione ed informazione per le elezioni europee del 2014. Il corpus indagato in questo articolo è, quindi, multimodale poiché caratterizzato dalla compresenza di diverse risorse semiotiche – visivo, sonoro, verbale – all’interno del testo. L’analisi di un corpus audiovisivo ha, pertanto, implicato la scelta di un quadro teorico-metodologico che garantisse un’analisi appropriata di tutte le componenti semiotiche – verbali e non verbali – che co-occorrono nel testo multimodale. Si è così deciso di seguire l’approccio sistemico-funzionale all’analisi multimodale di Baldry e Thibault (2009) e di integrarlo con l’analisi lessico-grammaticale corpus-based di Sinclair (1991). 
L’adozione di tale approccio metodologico è da ascrivere alla forte dimensione simbolica che caratterizza la comunicazione politica, ed in particolar modo la comunicazione audiovisiva. In effetti, negli spot politici ed elettorali, come in pubblicità, l’attrazione emotiva dell’acquirente-elettore verso il prodotto-messaggio reclamizzato è, in genere, ottenuta attraverso la stimolazione di due sensi, l’udito e la vista (Lindstrom, 2005). Questo, a sua volta, implica che, nella comunicazione audiovisiva, sono le immagini ed i suoni ad indurre specifici effetti sulle opinioni, i sentimenti ed i valori del pubblico. Si è ritenuto, quindi, che l’integrazione della SF-MDA con l’analisi lessico-grammaticale di Sinclair potesse favorire la decostruzione della dimensione simbolica, veicolata in primis dalla componente visiva ed acustica, attraverso l’analisi dell’interazione tra tutte le componenti semiotiche che co-occorrono nel corpus.
Il lavoro intende quindi offrire un contributo sul piano tematico al dibattito sull’identità culturale europea, tramite l’analisi delle pratiche discorsive attraverso cui l’UE incoraggia sentimenti di affiliazione identitaria tra i cittadini dell’Unione. Sul piano metodologico, invece, il saggio ha inteso fornire un ulteriore contributo agli studi multimodali attraverso la proposta di un nuovo approccio pratico basato sull’integrazione dell’analisi lessico-grammaticale corpus-based di Sinclair (1991) con l’approccio micro-analitico alla MDA di Baldry e Thibault (2006).
[Ne V] Imaging of N49 in the Large Magellanic Cloud
Creators: name: Rakowski, Cara E.
name: Raymond, John C.
name: Szentgyorgyi, Andrew H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present sub-arcsecond imaging in [Ne V] of N49, the brightest optical SNR in the LMC. Between the "cool" optical and "hot" X-ray regimes, [Ne V] emission indicates intermediate temperatures for collisionally excited plasmas (2--6 x 10E5 K), for which imaging has been extremely limited. We compare the flux in these images to the O VI measured spectroscopically by FUSE in individual apertures and find dereddened line ratios that are reasonably consistent with our predictions for intermediate velocity shocks. The overall luminosity in [Ne V] for the entire remnant is 1.2E36 erg/s, which, given the measured line ratios, implies an overall O VI luminosity of 1.5E38 erg/s. These large radiative losses indicate that this material must have been shocked recently relative to the total lifetime of the remnant. We also explore the complex spatial structure. We find [Ne V] tracing the [O III] emission more closely than it does H-alpha, measure significant shifts (~0.1 pc) between the peaks of different emission lines, and find two orders of magnitude variations in the flux ratios for different filaments across the remnant. These properties as well as the general filamentary character of the optical emission suggest thermally unstable intermediate velocity shocks.
description: the Astrophysical Journal, in press, submitted July 28, 2006, accepted September 15, 2006, 8 pages, 4 figures, 2 significantly reduced. Replaced with improved figures
title: Córdoba, Spanien. Madīnat al-Zahrā'. Die Arbeiten der Jahre 2020 und 2021
title: Córdoba, Spanien. Madīnat al-Zahrā'. Die Arbeiten der Jahre 2020 und 2021
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Arnold, Felix
Publisher: name: Deutsches Archäologisches Institut
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Eisen
subject: Kalifal (ca. 929–1031)
subject: Gärten
subject: Paläste
subject: Platzanlagen

description: e-Forschungsberichte, Faszikel 2 (2021)
description: Outside of Córdoba (Spain), the remains of the palatial city of a caliph are preserved: Madīnat al-Zahrāʼ. An ongoing cooperation project focuses on the Plaza de Armas, a huge esplanade outside the caliph's residence. Excavations at the north-east corner of the plaza have provided new insights into its structural development, from its formation as the forecourt of the ruler's ­palace to the construction of monumental porticos. Iron elements found at a gate have been restored and analyzed, and the city's garden area visualized. In addition a new project has been initiated to document and investigate one of the audience halls of the caliph. The investigations provide new insights into the transformation of the caliphate and its representation in ­architecture.
Scattering Amplitudes and Soft Theorems in Multi-Flavor Galileon Theories
Creators: name: Kampf, Karol
name: Novotny, Jiri
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we initiate the study of multi-flavor Galileon theories using the methods of scattering amplitudes. We explore this topic from different perspectives and extend the techniques employed so far mainly in the single-flavor case. This includes soft theorems, generalized soft theorems with non-trivial right-hand side, Galileon dualities, soft bootstrap and bonus relations. We demonstrate new properties on two examples, the multi-flavor U(N) Galileon and the three-flavor U(2)/U(1) Galileon.
description: 42 pages, 2 figures
Low-frequency critical current noise in graphene Josephson junctions in the open-circuit gate voltage limit
Creators: name: Pellegrino, Francesco M. D.
name: Falci, Giuseppe
name: Paladino, Elisabetta
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate critical current noise in short ballistic graphene Josephson junctions in the open-circuit gate-voltage limit within the McWorther model. We find flicker noise in a wide frequency range and discuss the temperature dependence of the noise amplitude as a function of the doping level. At the charge neutrality point we find a singular temperature dependence $T^{-3}$, strikingly different from the linear dependence expected for short ballistic graphene Josephson junctions under fixed gate voltage.
RDF for the Masses
Creators: name: Bell, Darren
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: While the semantic web has been around for over twenty years, practical and sustainable implementations have been thin on the ground. During 2024, DDI Controlled Vocabularies and the DDI-CDI ontology have been made available, for the first time, as persistently resolvable linked open data. This presentation digs into the underlying cloud infrastructure, the rationale for creating it and some practical guidance on how to get the most out of the resources now available. We will detail how to use a triple store like Apache Fuseki as the primary storage layer for making RDF data available, and why you should avoid trying to do this with SQL. As well as technical challenges, we’ll also explore some of the organisational challenges we faced creating an RDF data pipeline from CESSDA (where the CVs are created and edited), to the DDI Alliance platform, where both HTML and RDF data are made available, and how to achieve this seamlessly using HTTP content negotiation.
The Gas Content and Stripping of Local Group Dwarf Galaxies
Creators: name: Putman, Mary E.
name: Zheng, Yong
name: Price-Whelan, Adrian M.
name: Grcevich, Jana
name: Johnson, Amalya C.
name: Tollerud, Erik
name: Peek, Joshua E. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The gas content of the complete compilation of Local Group dwarf galaxies (119 within 2 Mpc) is presented using HI survey data. Within the virial radius of the Milky Way (224 kpc here), 53 of 55 dwarf galaxies are devoid of gas to limits of M$_{\rm HI}<10^4$ M$_\odot$. Within the virial radius of M31 (266 kpc), 27 of 30 dwarf galaxies are devoid of gas (with limits typically $<10^5$ M$_\odot$). Beyond the virial radii of the Milky Way and M31, the majority of the dwarf galaxies have detected HI gas and have HI masses higher than the limits. When the relationship between gas content and distance is investigated using a Local Group virial radius, more of the non-detected dwarf galaxies are within this radius (85$\pm1$ of the 93 non-detected dwarf galaxies) than within the virial radii of the Milky Way and M31. Using the Gaia proper motion measurements available for 38 dwarf galaxies, the minimum gas density required to completely strip them of gas is calculated. Halo densities between $10^{-5}$ and $5 \times 10^{-4}$ cm$^{-3}$ are typically required for instantaneous stripping at perigalacticon. When compared to halo density with radius expectations from simulations and observations, 80% of the dwarf galaxies with proper motions are consistent with being stripped by ram pressure at Milky Way pericenter. The results suggest a diffuse gaseous galactic halo medium is important in quenching dwarf galaxies, and that a Local Group medium also potentially plays a role.
description: 26 pages, 7 figures, 3 tables, Accepted by ApJ
Throughput-Delay Trade-off for Hierarchical Cooperation in Ad Hoc Wireless Networks
Creators: name: Ozgur, Ayfer
name: Leveque, Olivier
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Hierarchical cooperation has recently been shown to achieve better throughput scaling than classical multihop schemes under certain assumptions on the channel model in static wireless networks. However, the end-to-end delay of this scheme turns out to be significantly larger than those of multihop schemes. A modification of the scheme is proposed here that achieves a throughput-delay trade-off $D(n)=(\log n)^2 T(n)$ for T(n) between $Θ(\sqrt{n}/\log n)$ and $Θ(n/\log n)$, where D(n) and T(n) are respectively the average delay per bit and the aggregate throughput in a network of n nodes. This trade-off complements the previous results of El Gamal et al., which show that the throughput-delay trade-off for multihop schemes is given by D(n)=T(n) where T(n) lies between $Θ(1)$ and $Θ(\sqrt{n})$. Meanwhile, the present paper considers the network multiple-access problem, which may be of interest in its own right.
description: 9 pages, 6 figures, to appear in IEEE Transactions on Information Theory, submitted Dec 2007
Charge disproportionation in the spin-liquid candidate $κ$-(ET)$_2$Cu$_2$(CN)$_3$ at 6 K revealed by $^{63}$Cu NQR measurements
Creators: name: Kobayashi, T.
name: Ding, Q. -P.
name: Taniguchi, H.
name: Satoh, K.
name: Kawamoto, A.
name: Furukawa, Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The spin-liquid candidate $κ$-(ET)$_2$Cu$_2$(CN)$_3$ [ET: bis(ethylenedithio)tetrathiafulvalene] does not exhibit magnetic ordering down to a very low temperature, but shows a mysterious anomaly at 6 K. The origin of the so-called 6 K anomaly is still under debate. We carried out nuclear quadrupole resonance (NQR) measurements on the copper sites of the insulating layers, which are sensitive to the charge dynamics unlike the conventional spin-1/2 nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). The main finding of this study is that the observation of a sharp peak behavior in the nuclear spin-lattice relaxation rate $T_1^{-1}$ of $^{63}$Cu NQR at 6 K while $T_1^{-1}$ of both $^{13}$C and $^{1}$H NMR show no clear anomaly. This behavior can be understood as a second-order phase transition related to charge disproportionation in the ET layers.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures, accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. Res. rapid communication