Trogolaphysa amazoccidentalensis Cipola & Morais & Bellini 2022, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Cipola, Nikolas Gioia
name: Morais, José Wellington De
name: Bellini, Bruno Cavalcante
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Collembola
Entomobryomorpha
Paronellidae
Trogolaphysa
Trogolaphysa amazoccidentalensis

description: Trogolaphysa amazoccidentalensis sp. nov. Cipola
Figs 2–7, Table 1
Diagnosis. Body with pigment on lateral margin of Th II–III, coxae, and collophore (Fig. 2A); Abd IV with one central trapezoid-shape spot (Fig. 2B); Ant IV not annulated (Fig. 3A); Ant III with 1 elongated thin sens on dorsal side (Fig. 3B); Ant II with 3 dorsal mac (Figs 3B); Ant I devoid of dorsal mac; head mac A0, A2, Pa5 and Pm3 present (Fig. 3D); prelabral chaetae ciliate; labral papillae absent; labial papilla E with l.p. acuminate and reaching the base of a.a. (Fig. 3C); basolateral and basomedian labial fields with chaetae M1–2, E and L1–2 ciliate, r reduced (Fig. 3E); postlabial X chaeta present (Fig. 3E); Th II–Abd IV with 1+5, 0 | 0, 1+1–2, 1+3–4 and 4+9 mac, respectively; Abd IV with 7 sens (Fig. 4); femur I–II with 4 inner mac and femur III with an inner row of 5 unmodified mac (Figs 5E–F); unguis I–III b.t. projected and larger, m.t. next to b.t., a.t. absent; unguiculus I–III lamellae smooth and acuminate (Fig. 5G); mucro with 4 teeth.
Description. Total length (head + trunk) of the specimens 0.81–1.16 (n=4), holotype 1.16 mm. Specimens white or yellowish with dark blue pigments on antennae, lateral borders of Th II–III to coxae, collophore and Abd IV with one central trapezoid-shape spot; eyepatches black (Fig. 2). Scales present on Ant I to proximal ⅓ of Ant II.
Head. Antennae shorter than the trunk length (Fig. 2); ratio antennae: trunk = 1: 1.72–2.00 (n=4), holotype 1: 2.00; antennal segments ratio as I: II: III: IV = 1: 1.31–1.88: 1.12–1.25: 2.04–2.59, holotype 1: 1.63: 1.12: 2.21. Ant IV not annulated, with at least 5 sens types, 1 subapical thicker and 2 normal finger-shaped, 2 elongated and thin, 1 minute rod and numerous pointed or weakly pointed, no apical bulb or subapical organite (Fig. 3A). Ant III organ with 2 elongated sens, at least 3 acuminate sens and ciliated chaetae; 1 elongated thin sens only on dorsal side, no mac on either side (Fig. 3B). Ant II dorsally with 3 mac, no ventral mac or elongated thin sens (Figs 3B). Ant I devoid of dorsal mac, but with 3 smooth mic at base. Prelabral chaetae ciliate; labral a1 chaeta not thicker, a and m chaetae subequals in length, p0–2 longer; labral papillae absent. Eyes A–F subequal, eyes G and H much smaller; 5 ‘IO’ chaetae; head dorsal macrochaetotaxy with 13 ‘An’ (An1a–3p), 2 ‘A’ (A0, A2), 0 ‘M’, 0 ‘S’, 1 ‘Pa’ (Pa5), and 1 ‘Pm’ (Pm3) mac (Fig. 3D). Labial papilla E with l.p. acuminate and reaching the base of a.a. (Fig. 3C); papilla H with 2 hypostomal appendix smooth and acuminate. Maxillary palp with b.c. of same length than t.a. Basolateral and basomedian labial fields with chaetae M1–2, E and L1–2 ciliate, r reduced on a club-shaped basis (Fig. 3E). Head ventrally with about 20–21 ciliate chaetae, 12–13 larger, acuminate and finely ciliate and 8 smaller and ciliate, none modified; postlabial formula with 4 (G1–4), 1 (X) 4 (H1–4), 3 (J1–3) chaetae; proximal region of the cephalic groove with 2 elongated acuminate chaetae, plus 4–5 chaetae on a transversal row respectively, near to b.c. (Fig. 3E).
Thorax dorsal chaetotaxy (Fig. 4A). Th II a and p series with 1 (a5) and 5 (p3 complex) mac, respectively; m series with 3 mic (m1–2, m4). Th III a, m and p series with 1 (a2), 1 (m6) and 4 (p1–3, p6) mic respectively. Ratio Th II: III = 1.20–1.18: 1 (n= 4), holotype 1.20: 1.
Abdomen dorsal chaetotaxy (Figs 4B–C). Abd I a, m and p series with 2 (a2, a6), 4 (m2–4, m6) and 1 (p6) mic, respectively. Abd II a, m and p series with 2 (a2–3), 4 (m3, m5–7) and 2 (p6–7) chaetae, respectively, m3 and m5 as mac, p6 mac or mic. Abd III a, m and p series with 3 (a2–3, a7), 5 (m3, am6, pm6, m7–7i) and 4 (p6–8) chaetae, respectively; m3, pm6, p6 and p7 as mac, am6 mac or mic; m2 bothriotrichum with 2 accessory chaetae, and a5 and m5 bothriotricha with 7 accessory chaetae between them. Abd IV with 4 medial mac on series A–C (A4–5, B5–6) and 9 lateral mac on series T–Fe (D3, E2–4, F2–3, Fe2–3 and 1 of unclear homology); about 7 sens (as and ps type I, and 5 medial type II), and 10 posterior mes. Abd V a, m, pa, p and pp series with 2 (a5–6), 4 (m2–3, m5–5a), 2 (p6ai, p6ae), 4 (p1, p3–5) and 1 (p5ai) mac, respectively. Ratio Abd III: IV = 1: 3.83–4.86 (n= 4), holotype 1: 4.59.
Legs. Subcoxa I with 1 chaeta; subcoxa II with an anterior row of 9 chaetae and about 10 anterior chaetae; posterior row of 6 chaetae and 3 psp; subcoxa III with one row of 9 chaetae and at least 6 anterior chaetae of different sizes (Figs 5A–C). Trochanteral organ with about 20 spine-like chaetae (Fig. 5D). Femur I–III with one outer longitudinal row of 2, 1, 1, 1 mac finely ciliate and normal (Figs 5E–F); femur I–II internally with 4 chaetae finely ciliate, 1 anterior apically acuminate and other normal, plus 2 posterior ones (Fig. 5E); femur III with an inner row of 5 unmodified mac ciliate and 1 proximal elongated chaeta apically acuminate; anterior side with an 1 proximal elongated chaetae apically acuminate (Fig. 5F). Tibiotarsus I–III with 9 inner mac finely ciliate, anterior mac absent (Fig. 5E); tibiotarsal smooth chaeta 0.89 smaller than the unguiculus, tenent hair 0.62 smaller than the unguis outer edge. Unguis I–III with 3 inner teeth, b.t. subequals, larger than m.t. and projected on basal half of the unguis, m.t. next to b.t., a.t. absent. Unguiculus I–III with all lamellae smooth and acuminate (Fig. 5G); ratio unguis: unguiculus = 1: 0.69.
Collophore (Fig. 6A). Anterior side with about 12 ciliate chaetae, 9 thin chaetae of different sizes widely distributed on tube, and 3 distal chaetae (2 central mac and 1 lateral mes); posterior side with about 25 ciliate chaetae (4 unpaired), 1 larger unpaired median mac, 3 elongated chaetae (2 unpaired), proximal half with 4 mes and distal half with 13 thin mic (1 unpaired) widely distributed, distally 4 ciliate chaetae, no smooth chaetae; lateral flap with about 11 chaetae, 5 smooth and 6 ciliate.
Furcula. Manubrium laterally with one row of 3–4 spine-like mac ciliate (holotype with 3) and about 9 elongated mac (Fig. 6C); ventrally with 2 subapical and 9 elongated scales, internally with 2 subqual ciliate chaetae (Fig. 6D); manubrial plate dorsally with 4 ciliated chaetae (2 inner larger than the internal ones) and 2 psp (Fig. 6E). Dens dorsally with an inner row of 16–21 spines subtly ciliated (holotype with 18 and 19) and an outer row of 9–11 spinelike mac ciliate (holotype with 11 and 13) (Fig. 6F). Mucro twice as long as its width and with 4 teeth, 3 (ap, v1, v2) in one dorsal row and 1 (il) on the inner side (Figs 6F and 18F)
Etymology. Refers to the region where the new species was found, the Occidental Amazon (Fig. 7).
Type material. Holotype male on slide (INPA-CLL000112): Brazil, Acre, Manoel Urbano municipality, State Park of “Chandless”, T2-500 grid, 09°22’40”S, 69°55’12”W (Fig. 7), 212 m., 05–13.x.2016, pitfall-trap, IPS Santos coll. 14 paratypes: 1 male, 2 females and 1 juvenile on slides (INPA-CLL000112), same date as holotype; 3 females on slides and 2 specimens in alcohol (INPA-CLL000112) plus 1 male and 1 female on slides (CC / UFRN), same date as holotype, except T2-4500 grid, 09°24’21”S, 69°53’52”W, 232 m.; 1 female on slide (INPA-CLL000112), same date as holotype, except T1-2500, 09°23'52"S, 69°54'58"W, 215 m.; 2 specimens in alcohol (INPA-CLL000112), same date as holotype, except T1-500, 09°23’01”S, 69°55’37”W, 203 m.
Other examined material. 1 male and 2 females on slide and 2 specimens in alcohol (INPA): Brazil, Amazonas, Tefé municipality, road of “Emade”, Km 08, 03°26’53.8”S, 64°40'57.9”W (Fig. 7), 76 m., 12-15.i.2013, pitfall-trap, AM Pereira Jr. coll. 1 male and 1 female on slide and 3 specimens in alcohol (INPA): Barcelos municipality, State Park “Serra do Aracá”, in dry land, 01°30’24”N, 63°21’39”W, 108 m., 18.vii.2017, pitfall-trap, FJF Pacaya coll.
Remarks. The color pattern of T. amazoccidentalensis sp. nov. resembles that of T. balteata Soto-Adames, 2015 from Jamaica (see Soto-Adames 2015:11), but the overall morphology resembles other three Neotropical species: T. paracarpenteri Soto-Adames, 2015, T. relicta (Palacios-Vargas, Ojeda & Christiansen, 1985) and T. subterranea (Mari-Mutt, 1987) (see Table 1). However, T. amazoccidentalensis sp. nov. differs from these species by having 8 eyes (6 in T. relicta and T. subterranea), labral papilla absent (2 projections present in T. balteata, T. paracarpenteri and T. relicta), and 5 ‘IO’ chaetae (3 in T. relicta and 4 in T. subterranea and T. balteata). Trogolaphysa amazoccidentalensis sp. nov. also differs by Th II with 5 mac in p3 complex (6 in T. balteata and T. subterranea), Abd IV A3 mac absent and A4 and A5 present (opposite in part of other species), unguis m.t. almost together to b.t. (distant in T. relicta and T. balteata, and a little closer in T. subterranea) and a.t. absent (present in T. balteata and T. relicta). Finally, the new species differs in body color pattern by having blue latero-marginal bands that extend distally to Th II–III and coxae, a blue collophore, and one central trapezoidal band on Abd IV (Fig. 2), whereas T. paracarpenteri and T. relicta show a uniform diffused pattern (except for the head), and T. subterranea has the legs and the posterior section of Abd IV pigmented (see Soto-Adames 2015:11, Mari-Mutt 1987: 410). Other differences among these species are summarized in Table 1.
description: Published as part of Cipola, Nikolas Gioia, Morais, José Wellington De & Bellini, Bruno Cavalcante, 2022, Survey of Trogolaphysa Mills (Collembola, Paronellidae) of the Brazilian Amazon including five new species and the description of the dorsal chaetotaxy of the first instar, pp. 251-295 in Zootaxa 5093 (3) on pages 253-257, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5093.3.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5909875