cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Effect of polarization on the structure of electromagnetic field and spatiotemporal distribution of $e^+e^-$ pairs by colliding laser pulses
Creators: name: Banerjee, Chitradip
name: Singh, Manoranjan P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Electron-positron pair production by means of vacuum polarization in the presence of strong electromagnetic (EM) field of two counterpropagating laser pulses is studied. A 3-dimensional model of the focused laser pulses based on the solution of the Maxwell's equations proposed by Narozhny and Fofanov is used to find the structure of EM field of the circularly polarized counterpropagating pulses. Analytical calculations show that the electric and magnetic fields are almost parallel to each other in the focal region when pulses are completely transverse either in electric (e-wave) or magnetic (h-wave) field. On the other hand the electric and magnetic fields are almost orthogonal when the counterpropagating pulses are made up of equal mixture of e- and h- polarized waves. It is found that while the latter configuration of the colliding pulses has much larger threshold for pair production it can provide much shorter electron/positron pulses compared to the former case. The dependence of pair production and its spatiotemporal distribution on polarization of the laser pulses is analyzed using the structure of the EM field.
Space Weather-driven Variations in Ly$α$ Absorption Signatures of Exoplanet Atmospheric Escape: MHD Simulations and the Case of AU Mic b
Creators: name: Cohen, O.
name: Alvarado-Gomez, J. D.
name: Drake, J. J.
name: Harbach, L. M.
name: Garraffo, C.
name: Fraschetti, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We simulate the space environment around AU Microscopii b and the interaction between the magnetized stellar wind with a planetary atmospheric outflow for ambient stellar wind conditions and Coronal Mass Ejection (CME) conditions. We also calculate synthetic Ly$α$ absorption due to neutral hydrogen in the ambient and the escaping planetary atmosphere affected by this interaction. We find that the Ly$α$ absorption is highly variable due to the highly-varying stellar wind conditions. A strong Doppler blue-shift component is observed in the Ly$α$ profile, in contradiction to the actual escape velocity observed in the simulations themselves. This result suggest that the strong Doppler blue-shift is likely attributed to the stellar wind, not the escaping neutral atmosphere, either through its advection of neutral planetary gas, or through the creation of a fast neutral flow via charge exchange between the stellar wind ions and the planetary neutrals. Indeed, our CME simulations indicate a strong stripping of magnetospheric material from the planet, including some of the neutral escaping atmosphere. Our simulations show that the pressure around close-in exoplanets is not much lower, and may be even higher, than the pressure at the top of the planetary atmosphere. Thus, the neutral atmosphere is hydrodynamically escaping with a very small velocity ($<15~km~s^{-1}$). Moreover, our simulations show that an MHD treatment is essential in order to properly capture the coupled magnetized stellar wind and the escaping atmosphere, despite of the atmosphere being neutral. This coupling should be considered when interpreting Ly$α$observations in the context of exoplanets atmospheric escape.
description: 21 pages, accepted to ApJ
The relationship between social innovation and digital economy and society
Creators: name: Nagy, Szabolcs
name: Somosi, Mariann Veresne
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Economics (econ.GN)
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: The information age is also an era of escalating social problems. The digital transformation of society and the economy is already underway in all countries, although the progress in this transformation can vary widely. There are more social innovation projects addressing global and local social problems in some countries than in others. This suggests that different levels of digital transformation might influence the social innovation potential. Using the International Digital Economy and Society Index and the Social Innovation Index, this study investigates how digital transformation of the economy and society affects the capacity for social innovation. A dataset of 29 countries was analysed using both simple and multiple linear regressions and Pearsons correlation. Based on the research findings, it can be concluded that the digital transformation of the economy and society has a significant positive impact on the capacity for social innovation. It was also found that the integration of digital technology plays a critical role in digital transformation. Therefore, the progress in digital transformation is beneficial to social innovation capacity. In line with the research findings, this study outlines the implications and possible directions for policy.
Motivations and locational factors of FDI in CIS countries: Empirical evidence from South Korean FDI in Kazakhstan, Russia, and Uzbekistan
Creators: name: Lee, Han-Sol
name: Chernikov, Sergey U.
name: Nagy, Szabolcs
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Economics (econ.GN)
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: Considering the growing significance of Eurasian economic ties because of South Korea s New Northern Policy and Russia s New Eastern Policy, this study investigates the motivations and locational factors of South Korean foreign direct investment (FDI) in three countries in the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS: Kazakhstan, Russia, and Uzbekistan) by employing panel analysis (pooled ordinary least squares (OLS), fixed effects, random effects) using data from 1993 to 2017. The results show the positive and significant coefficients of GDP, resource endowments, and inflation. Unlike conventional South Korean outward FDI, labour-seeking is not defined as a primary purpose. Exchange rates, political rights, and civil liberties are identified as insignificant. The authors conclude that South Korean FDI in Kazakhstan, Russia, and Uzbekistan is associated with market-seeking (particularly in Kazakhstan and Russia) and natural resource-seeking, especially the former. From a policy perspective, our empirical evidence suggests that these countries host governments could implement mechanisms to facilitate the movement of goods across regions and countries to increase the attractiveness of small local markets. The South Korean government could develop financial support and risk sharing programmes to enhance natural resource-seeking investments and mutual exchange programmes to overcome the red syndrome complex in South Korean society.
The origin of the [CII]-deficit in a simulated dwarf galaxies starburst
Creators: name: Bisbas, Thomas G.
name: Walch, Stefanie
name: Naab, Thorsten
name: Lahén, Natalia
name: Herrera-Camus, Rodrigo
name: Steinwandel, Ulrich P.
name: Fotopoulou, Constantina M.
name: Hu, Chia-Yu
name: Johansson, Peter H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present [CII] synthetic observations of smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) simulations of a dwarf galaxy merger. The merging process varies the star-formation rate by more than three orders of magnitude. Several star clusters are formed, the feedback of which disperses and unbinds the dense gas through expanding HII regions and supernova (SN) explosions. For galaxies with properties similar to the modelled ones, we find that the [CII] emission remains optically thin throughout the merging process. We identify the Warm Neutral Medium ($3<\log T_{\rm gas}<4$ with $χ_{\rm HI}>2χ_{\rm H2}$) to be the primary source of [CII] emission ($\sim58\%$ contribution), although at stages when the HII regions are young and dense (during star cluster formation or SNe in the form of ionized bubbles) they can contribute $\gtrsim50\%$ to the total [CII] emission. We find that the [CII]/FIR ratio decreases due to thermal saturation of the [CII] emission caused by strong FUV radiation fields emitted by the massive star clusters, leading to a [CII]-deficit medium. We investigate the [CII]-SFR relation and find an approximately linear correlation which agrees well with observations, particularly those from the Dwarf Galaxy Survey. Our simulation reproduces the observed trends of [CII]/FIR versus $Σ_{\rm SFR}$ and $Σ_{\rm FIR}$, and it agrees well with the Kennicutt relation of SFR-FIR luminosity. We propose that local peaks of [CII] in resolved observations may provide evidence for ongoing massive cluster formation.
description: To appear in ApJ. 24 pages, 17 figures. Comments welcome!
Intervalley scattering in MoS$_2$ imaged by two-photon photoemission with a high-harmonic probe
Creators: name: Wallauer, Robert
name: Reimann, Johannes
name: Armbrust, Nico
name: Güdde, Jens
name: Höfer, Ulrich
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on the direct mapping of electron transfer in the momentum space of bulk MoS$_2$ by means of time- and angle-resolved two-photon photoemission with a high-harmonic probe. For this purpose, we have combined a high-repetition rate high-harmonic source with tunable femtosecond pump pulses and a 3D ($k_x, k_y, E$) electron spectrometer. We show that optical excitation slightly above the A exciton resonance results in an immediate occupation of the conduction band at $\overline{K}$ followed by an ultrafast transfer ($< 50$~fs) to the conduction band minimum at $\overlineΣ$. Both signals, at $\overline{K}$ and $\overlineΣ$, do not vanish over the observed period of 400~fs. The technique described here enables direct access to the charge transfer dynamics in $k$-space and allows the study of decay times and decay channels in various systems with dependence on the excess energy or helicity of the excitation.
description: 11 pages, 4 figures
Towards a QoE Model to Evaluate Holographic Augmented Reality Devices
Creators: name: Zhang, Longyu
name: Dong, Haiwei
name: Saddik, Abdulmotaleb El
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Multimedia (cs.MM)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Augmented reality (AR) technology is developing fast and provides users with new ways to interact with the real-world surrounding environment. Although the performance of holographic AR multimedia devices can be measured with traditional quality-of-service parameters, a quality-of-experience (QoE) model can better evaluate the device from the perspective of users. As there are currently no well-recognized models for measuring the QoE of a holographic AR multimedia device, we present a QoE framework and model it with a fuzzy inference system to quantitatively evaluate the device.
Foraging is prioritized over nestmate rescue in desert ants and pupae are rescued more than adults
Creators: name: Scharf, Inon
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Altruism
behavioral castes
brood
Cataglyphis
Kin selection
predator-prey interactions

description: Social animals, and ants, in particular, exhibit a range of cooperative behaviors. One such behavior is the rescue of group members, which cannot return to the nest by themselves. However, if several group members need to be rescued, how do ants prioritize whom to save first? Furthermore, when food is offered in parallel, do ants prioritize feeding over rescuing? We studied the rescue behavior of the desert ant Cataglyphis niger. Workers invest more time in rescuing pupae than adult workers, perhaps because the value of brood is higher than that of older workers serving as foragers. Specific rescue behaviors, pulling the trapped individual or digging around it, differed when directed towards adults or pupae: rescuing workers more often pulled pupae whereas they dug more around trapped adults. Rescuing workers did not prioritize living individuals over dead ones or intact workers over injured ones indicating that trapped individuals were recognized chemically rather than by their morphology or behavior. Finally, workers prioritized foraging over rescuing, perhaps because fewer workers specialize in rescue behavior than in foraging. Our analysis indeed revealed that fewer workers both foraged and rescued trapped workers than expected by chance. In conclusion, ants that rescue others exhibit a complex set of behaviors, with varying attention and specific behaviors targeted at different individuals, perhaps according to the colony's needs. Our study is important for emphasizing a relatively neglected aspect of sociality (rescue of group members) and demonstrates that the attentions of rescues differ based on the trapped nestmate's life stage.
description: Funding provided by: Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft
Crossref Funder Registry ID: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100001659
Award Number: FO 298/31-1
SRGA J181414.6-225604: A new Galactic symbiotic X-ray binary outburst triggered by an intense mass loss episode of a heavily obscured Mira variable
Creators: name: De, Kishalay
name: Mereminskiy, Ilya
name: Soria, Roberto
name: Conroy, Charlie
name: Kara, Erin
name: Anand, Shreya
name: Ashley, Michael C. B.
name: Boyer, Martha L.
name: Chakrabarty, Deepto
name: Grefenstette, Brian
name: Hankins, Matthew J.
name: Hillenbrand, Lynne A.
name: Jencson, Jacob E.
name: Karambelkar, Viraj
name: Kasliwal, Mansi M.
name: Lau, Ryan M.
name: Lutovinov, Alexander
name: Moore, Anna M.
name: Ng, Mason
name: Panagiotou, Christos
name: Pasham, Dheeraj R.
name: Semena, Andrey
name: Simcoe, Robert
name: Soon, Jamie
name: Srinivasaragavan, Gokul P.
name: Travouillon, Tony
name: Yao, Yuhan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the discovery and multi-wavelength characterization of SRGA J181414.6-225604, a Galactic hard X-ray transient discovered during the ongoing SRG/ART-XC sky survey. Using data from the Palomar Gattini-IR survey, we identify a spatially and temporally coincident variable infrared (IR) source, IRAS 18111-2257, and classify it as a very late-type (M7-M8), long period ($1502 \pm 24$ days) and luminous ($M_K\approx -9.9 \pm 0.2$) O-rich Mira donor star located at a distance of $\approx 14.6^{+2.9}_{-2.3}$ kpc. Combining multi-color photometric data over the last $\approx 25$ years, we show that the IR counterpart underwent a recent (starting $\approx 800$ days before the X-ray flare) enhanced mass loss (reaching $\approx 2.1 \times 10^{-5}$ M$_\odot$ yr$^{-1}$) episode resulting in an expanding dust shell obscuring the underlying star. Multi-epoch follow-up from Swift, NICER and NuSTAR reveal a $\approx 200$ day long X-ray outburst reaching a peak luminosity of $L_X \approx 2.5 \times 10^{36}$ erg s$^{-1}$, characterized by a heavily absorbed ($N_{\rm H} \approx 6\times 10^{22}$ cm$^{-2}$) X-ray spectrum consistent with an optically thick Comptonized plasma. The X-ray spectral and timing behavior suggest the presence of clumpy wind accretion together with a dense ionized nebula overabundant in silicate material surrounding the compact object. Together, we show that SRGA J181414.6-225604 is a new symbiotic X-ray binary in outburst, triggered by an intense dust formation episode of a highly evolved donor. Our results offer the first direct confirmation for the speculated connection between enhanced late-stage donor mass loss and active lifetimes of the symbiotic X-ray binaries.
description: 32 pages, 15 figures, Accepted for publication in ApJ
On engamorphic products and M(x)-varieties of semigroups
Creators: name: Kopamu, Samuel J. Lyambian.
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2022

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
Potassium detection in the clear atmosphere of a hot-Jupiter: FORS2 transmission spectroscopy of WASP-17b
Creators: name: Sedaghati, Elyar
name: Boffin, Henri M J
name: Jeřabková, Tereza
name: Muñoz, Antonio García
name: Grenfell, John L
name: Smette, Alain
name: Ivanov, Valentin D
name: Csizmadia, Szilard
name: Cabrera, Juan
name: Kabath, Petr
name: Rocchetto, Marco
name: Rauer, Heike
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present FORS2 (attached to ESO's Very Large Telescope) observations of the exoplanet WASP-17b during its primary transit, for the purpose of differential spectrophotometry analysis. We use the instrument in its Mask eXchange Unit (MXU) mode to simultaneously obtain low resolution spectra of the planet hosting star, as well as several reference stars in the field of view. The integration of these spectra within broadband and smaller 100$Å$ bins provides us with 'white' and spectrophotometric light curves, from 5700 to 8000$Å$. Through modelling the white light curve, we obtain refined bulk and transit parameters of the planet, as well as wavelength-dependent variations of the planetary radius from smaller spectral bins through which the transmission spectrum is obtained. The inference of transit parameters, as well as the noise statistics, is performed using a Gaussian Process model. We achieve a typical precision in the transit depth of a few hundred parts per million from various transit light curves. From the transmission spectra we rule out a flat spectrum at >3$σ$ and detect marginal presence of the pressure-broadened sodium wings. Furthermore, we detect the wing of the potassium absorption line in the upper atmosphere of the planet with 3$σ$ confidence, both facts pointing to a relatively shallow temperature gradient of the atmosphere. These conclusions are mostly consistent with previous studies of this exo-atmosphere, although previous potassium measurements have been inconclusive.
description: 14 pages, 11 figures, 4 tables. Accepted for publication in A&A
Spatial resolution of omni-resonant imaging
Creators: name: Shiri, Abbas
name: Abouraddy, Ayman F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Omni-resonance refers to the broadening of the spectral transmission through a planar cavity, not by changing the cavity structure, but by judiciously preconditioning the incident optical field. As such, broadband imaging can be performed through such a cavity with all the wavelengths simultaneously resonating. We examine here the spatial resolution of omni-resonant imaging and find that the spectral linewidth of the cavity resonance determines the spatial resolution. Surprisingly, the spatial resolution improves at longer wavelengths because of the negative angular dispersion intrinsic to Fabry-Perot resonances, in contrast to conventional diffraction-limited optical imaging systems where the spatial resolution improves at shorter wavelengths. These results are important for applications ranging from transparent solar windows to nonlinear resonant image processing.
Stratigraphy and structure of the southern Myally Block, Mount Isa Inlier, Queensland :
Creators: name: Batson, R. A. .
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2022

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
Filamentary structures of ionized gas in Cygnus X
Creators: name: Emig, K. L.
name: White, G. J.
name: Salas, P.
name: Karim, R. L.
name: van Weeren, R. J.
name: Teuben, P. J.
name: Zavagno, A.
name: Chiu, P.
name: Haverkorn, M.
name: Oonk, J. B. R.
name: Orrú, E.
name: Polderman, I. M.
name: Reich, W.
name: Röttgering, H. J. A.
name: Tielens, A. G. G. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Ionized gas probes the influence of massive stars on their environment. The Cygnus X region (d~1.5 kpc) is one of the most massive star forming complexes in our Galaxy, in which the Cyg OB2 association (age of 3-5 Myr and stellar mass $2 \times 10^{4}$ M$_{\odot}$) has a dominant influence. We observe the Cygnus X region at 148 MHz using the Low Frequency Array (LOFAR) and take into account short-spacing information during image deconvolution. Together with data from the Canadian Galactic Plane Survey, we investigate the morphology, distribution, and physical conditions of low-density ionized gas in a $4^{\circ} \times 4^{\circ}$ (100 pc $\times$ 100 pc) region at a resolution of 2' (0.9 pc). The Galactic radio emission in the region analyzed is almost entirely thermal (free-free) at 148 MHz, with emission measures of $10^3 < EM~{\rm[pc~cm^{-6}]} < 10^6$. As filamentary structure is a prominent feature of the emission, we use DisPerSE and FilChap to identify filamentary ridges and characterize their radial ($EM$) profiles. The distribution of radial profiles has a characteristic width of 4.3 pc and a power-law distribution ($β= -1.8 \pm 0.1$) in peak $EM$ down to our completeness limit of 4200 pc cm$^{-6}$. The electron densities of the filamentary structure range from $10 < n_e~{\rm[cm^{-3}]} < 400$ with a median value of 35 cm$^{-3}$, remarkably similar to [N II] surveys of ionized gas. Cyg OB2 may ionize at most two-thirds of the total ionized gas and the ionized gas in filaments. More than half of the filamentary structures are likely photoevaporating surfaces flowing into a surrounding diffuse (~5 cm$^{-3}$) medium. However, this is likely not the case for all ionized gas ridges. A characteristic width in the distribution of ionized gas points to the stellar winds of Cyg OB2 creating a fraction of the ionized filaments through swept-up ionized gas or dissipated turbulence.
description: 19 pages, 14 figures, 1 table; accepted for publication in A&A
EVM-CNN: Real-Time Contactless Heart Rate Estimation from Facial Video
Creators: name: Qiu, Ying
name: Liu, Yang
name: Arteaga-Falconi, Juan
name: Dong, Haiwei
name: Saddik, Abdulmotaleb El
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Multimedia (cs.MM)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: With the increase in health consciousness, noninvasive body monitoring has aroused interest among researchers. As one of the most important pieces of physiological information, researchers have remotely estimated the heart rate (HR) from facial videos in recent years. Although progress has been made over the past few years, there are still some limitations, like the processing time increasing with accuracy and the lack of comprehensive and challenging datasets for use and comparison. Recently, it was shown that HR information can be extracted from facial videos by spatial decomposition and temporal filtering. Inspired by this, a new framework is introduced in this paper to remotely estimate the HR under realistic conditions by combining spatial and temporal filtering and a convolutional neural network. Our proposed approach shows better performance compared with the benchmark on the MMSE-HR dataset in terms of both the average HR estimation and short-time HR estimation. High consistency in short-time HR estimation is observed between our method and the ground truth.
A simple improved low temperature correction for the hierarchical equations of motion
Creators: name: Fay, Thomas P
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The study of open system quantum dynamics has been transformed by the hierarchical equations of motion (HEOM) method, which gives the exact dynamics for a system coupled to a harmonic bath at arbitrary temperature and system-bath coupling strength. However in its standard form the method is only consistent with the weak-coupling quantum master equation at all temperatures when many auxiliary density operators are included in the hierarchy, even when low temperature corrections are included. Here we propose a new low temperature correction scheme for the termination of the hierarchy based on Zwanzig projection which alleviates this problem, and restores consistency with the weak-coupling master equation with a minimal hierarchy. The utility of the new correction scheme is demonstrated on a range of model systems, including the Fenna-Metthews-Olson complex. The new closure is found to improve convergence of the HEOM even beyond the weak-coupling limit and is very straightforward to implement in existing HEOM codes.
Rapport d'activité, SCD Aix-Marseille Université, 2022
Creators: name: SCD AMU
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Pilotage
Evaluation
Rapport d'activité
Bibliothèques

description: Rapport d'activité 2022 du SCD d'Aix-Marseille Université (AMU)
A parametric study, on the influence of the borehole environment, in resolving seismic velocity, using well to well measurements
Creators: name: Watkins, Antony Douglas.
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2022

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
Super no-scale models in string theory
Creators: name: Kounnas, Costas
name: Partouche, Herve
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider "super no-scale models" in the framework of the heterotic string, where the N=4,2,1 --> 0 spontaneous breaking of supersymmetry is induced by geometrical fluxes realizing a stringy Scherk-Schwarz perturbative mechanism. Classically, these backgrounds are characterized by a boson/fermion degeneracy at the massless level, even if supersymmetry is broken. At the 1-loop level, the vacuum energy is exponentially suppressed, provided the supersymmetry breaking scale is small, m_{3/2} << M_{string}. We show that the "super no-scale string models" under consideration are free of Hagedorn-like tachyonic singularities, even when the supersymmetry breaking scale is large, m_{3/2} ~ M_{string}. The vacuum energy decreases monotonically and converges exponentially to zero, when m_{3/2} varies from M_{string} to 0. We also show that all Wilson lines associated to asymptotically free gauge symmetries are dynamically stabilized by the 1-loop effective potential, while those corresponding to non-asymtotically free gauge groups lead to instabilities and condense. The Wilson lines of the conformal gauge symmetries remain massless. When stable, the stringy super no-scale models admit low energy effective actions, where decoupling gravity yields theories in flat spacetime, with softly broken supersymmetry.
description: 1+46 pages, 1 figure
Evaluating and Improving the Depth Accuracy of Kinect for Windows v2
Creators: name: Yang, Lin
name: Zhang, Longyu
name: Dong, Haiwei
name: Alelaiwi, Abdulhameed
name: Saddik, Abdulmotaleb El
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Multimedia (cs.MM)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Microsoft Kinect sensor has been widely used in many applications since the launch of its first version. Recently, Microsoft released a new version of Kinect sensor with improved hardware. However, the accuracy assessment of the sensor remains to be answered. In this paper, we measure the depth accuracy of the newly released Kinect v2 depth sensor, and obtain a cone model to illustrate its accuracy distribution. We then evaluate the variance of the captured depth values by depth entropy. In addition, we propose a trilateration method to improve the depth accuracy with multiple Kinects simultaneously. The experimental results are provided to ascertain the proposed model and method.
New Stable and Fast Ring-Polymer Molecular Dynamics for Calculating Bimolecular Rate Coefficients with Example of OH + CH_4
Creators: name: Gui, Xiongfei
name: Fan, Wenbin
name: Sun, Jiace
name: Li, Yongle
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The accurate and efficient calculation of the rate coefficients of chemical reactions is a key issue in the research of chemical dynamics. In this work, by applying the dimension-free ultra-stable Cayley propagator, the thermal rate coefficients of a prototypic high dimensional chemical reaction OH + CH4 -> H2O + CH3 in the temperature range of 200 K to 1500 K are investigated with ring polymer molecular dynamics (RPMD), on a highly accurate full-dimensional potential energy surface. Kinetic isotope effects (KIEs) for three isotopologues of the title reaction are also studied. The results demonstrate excellent agreement with experimental data, even in the deep tunneling region. Especially, the Cayley propagator shows high calculation efficiency with little loss of accuracy. The present results confirmed the applicability of the RPMD method, particularly the speed-up by Cayley propagator, in theoretical calculations of bimolecular reaction rates.
description: 35 pages, 7 figures (include one TOC),
title: A fault tolerant, peer-to-peer based scheduler for home grids
Creators: name: Lopes da Silva, Erick
Publisher: name: University of Kent
Year: 2023

description: This thesis presents a fault-tolerant, Peer-to-Peer (P2P) based grid scheduling system for highly dynamic and highly heterogeneous environments, such as home networks, where we can find a variety of devices (laptops, PCs, game consoles, etc.) and networks. The number of devices found in a house that are capable of processing data has been increasing in the last few years. However, being able to process data does not mean that these devices are powerful, and, in a home environment, there will be a demand for some applications that need significant computing resources, beyond the capabilities of a single domestic device, such as a set top box (examples of such applications are TV recommender systems, image processing and photo indexing systems). A computational grid is a possible solution for this problem, but the constrained environment in the home makes it difficult to use conventional grid scheduling technologies, which demand a powerful infrastructure. Our solution is based on the distribution of the matchmaking task among providers, leaving the final allocation decision to a central scheduler that can be running on a limited device without a big loss in performance. We evaluate our solution by simulating different scenarios and configurations against the Opportunistic Load Balance (OLB) scheduling heuristic, which we found to be the best option for home grids from the existing solutions that we analysed. The results have shown that our solution performs similar or better to OLB. Furthermore, our solution also provides fault tolerance, which is not achieved with OLB, and we have formally verified the behaviour our solution against two cases of network partition failure.
Propagation effect of gravitational wave on detector response
Creators: name: Chang, Zhe
name: Huang, Chao-Guang
name: Zhao, Zhi-Chao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The response of a detector to gravitational wave is a function of frequency. When the time a photon moving around in the Fabry-Perot cavities is the same order of the period of a gravitational wave, the phase-difference due to the gravitational wave should be an integral along the path. We present a formula description for detector response to gravitational wave with varied frequencies. The LIGO data for GW150914 and GW 151226 are reexamined in this framework. For GW150924, the traveling time of a photon in the LIGO detector is just a bit larger than a half period of the highest frequency of gravitational wave and the similar result is obtained with LIGO and Virgo collaborations. However, we are not always so luck. In the case of GW151226, the time of a photon traveling in the detector is larger than the period of the highest frequency of gravitational wave and the announced signal cannot match well the template with the initial black hole masses 14.2M$_\odot$ and 7.5M$_\odot$.
A practical implementation of waveform inversion in a stratified marine environment
Creators: name: Nestor, Tod Maurice.
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2022

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
Four sub-Jovian-mass planets detected by high-cadence microlensing surveys
Creators: name: Han, Cheongho
name: Kim, Doeon
name: Gould, Andrew
name: Udalski, Andrzej
name: Bond, Ian A.
name: Bozza, Valerio
name: Jung, Youn Kil
name: Albrow, Michael D.
name: Chung, Sun-Ju
name: Hwang, Kyu-Ha
name: Ryu, Yoon-Hyun
name: Shin, In-Gu
name: Shvartzvald, Yossi
name: Yee, Jennifer C.
name: Zang, Weicheng
name: Cha, Sang-Mok
name: Kim, Dong-Jin
name: Kim, Seung-Lee
name: Lee, Chung-Uk
name: Lee, Dong-Joo
name: Lee, Yongseok
name: Park, Byeong-Gon
name: Pogge, Richard W.
name: Mróz, Przemek
name: Szymański, Michał K.
name: Skowron, Jan
name: Poleski, Radosław
name: Soszyński, Igor
name: Pietrukowicz, Paweł
name: Kozłowski, Szymon
name: Ulaczyk, Krzysztof
name: Rybicki, Krzysztof A.
name: Iwanek, Patryk
name: Abe, Fumio
name: Barry, Richard K.
name: Bennett, David P.
name: Bhattacharya, Aparna
name: Fujii, Hirosane
name: Fukui, Akihiko
name: Hirao, Yuki
name: Itow, Yoshitaka
name: Kirikawa, Rintaro
name: Koshimoto, Naoki
name: Kondo, Iona
name: Matsubara, Yutaka
name: Matsumoto, Sho
name: Miyazaki, Shota
name: Muraki, Yasushi
name: Olmschenk, Greg
name: Okamura, Arisa
name: Ranc, Clément
name: Rattenbury, Nicholas J.
name: Satoh, Yuki
name: Silva, Stela Ishitani
name: Sumi, Takahiro
name: Suzuki, Daisuke
name: Toda, Taiga
name: Tristram, Paul J.
name: Vandorou, Aikaterini
name: Yama, Hibiki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: With the aim of finding short-term planetary signals, we investigated the data collected from the high-cadence microlensing surveys. From this investigation, we found four planetary systems with low planet-to-host mass ratios, including OGLE-2017-BLG-1691L, KMT-2021-BLG-0320L, KMT-2021-BLG-1303L, and KMT-2021-BLG-1554L. Despite the short durations, ranging from a few hours to a couple of days, the planetary signals were clearly detected by the combined data of the lensing surveys. It is found that three of the planetary systems have mass ratios of the order of $10^{-4}$ and the other has a mass ratio slightly greater than $10^{-3}$. The estimated masses indicate that all discovered planets have sub-Jovian masses. The planet masses of KMT-2021-BLG-0320Lb, KMT-2021-BLG-1303Lb, and KMT-2021-BLG-1554Lb correspond to $\sim 0.10$, $\sim 0.38$, and $\sim 0.12$ times of the mass of the Jupiter, and the mass of OGLE-2017-BLG-1691Lb corresponds to that of the Uranus. The estimated mass of the planet host KMT-2021-BLG-1554L, $M_{\rm host}\sim 0.08~M_\odot$, corresponds to the boundary between a star and a brown dwarf. Besides this system, the host stars of the other planetary systems are low-mass stars with masses in the range of $\sim [0.3$--$0.6]~M_\odot$. The discoveries of the planets well demonstrate the capability of the current high-cadence microlensing surveys in detecting low-mass planets.
description: 12 pages, 12 figures, 9 tables
Analysis of a Peaceman-Rachford ADI scheme for Maxwell equations in heterogeneous media
Creators: name: Zerulla, Konstantin
name: Jahnke, Tobias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35Q61, 47D06, 65M15, 65J08

description: The Peaceman-Rachford alternating direction implicit (ADI) scheme for linear time-dependent Maxwell equations is analyzed on a heterogeneous cuboid. Due to discontinuities of the material parameters, the solution of the Maxwell equations is less than $H^2$-regular in space. For the ADI scheme, we prove a rigorous time-discrete error bound with a convergence rate that is half an order lower than the classical one. Our statement imposes only assumptions on the initial data and the material parameters, but not on the solution. To establish this result, we analyze the regularity of the Maxwell equations in detail in an appropriate functional analytical framework. The theoretical findings are complemented by a numerical experiment indicating that the proven convergence rate is indeed observable and optimal.
Termination of Superradiance from a Binary Companion
Creators: name: Tong, Xi
name: Wang, Yi
name: Zhu, Hui-Yu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the impact of a binary companion on black hole superradiance at orbital frequencies away from the gravitational-collider-physics (GCP) resonance bands. A superradiant state can couple to a strongly absorptive state via the tidal perturbation of the companion, thereby acquiring a suppressed superradiance rate. Below a critical binary separation, this superradiance rate becomes negative, and the boson cloud gets absorbed by the black hole. This critical binary separation leads to tight constraints on GCP. Especially, a companion with mass ratio $q>10^{-3}$ invalidates all GCP fine structure transitions, as well as almost all Bohr transitions except those from the $|ψ_{211}\rangle$ state. Meanwhile, the backreaction on the companion manifests itself as a torque acting on the binary, producing floating/sinking orbits that can be verified via pulsar timing. In addition, the possible termination of cloud growth may help to alleviate the current bounds on the ultralight boson mass from various null detections.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures
Relativistic corrections to the algebra of position variables and spin-orbital interaction
Creators: name: Deriglazov, Alexei A.
name: Pupasov-Maksimov, Andrey M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the framework of vector model of spin, we discuss the problem of a covariant formalism \cite{Pomeranskii1998} concerning the discrepancy between relativistic and Pauli Hamiltonians. We show how the spin-induced non commutativity of a position accounts the discrepancy on the classical level, without appeal to the Dirac equation and Foldy-Wouthuysen transformation.
description: 8 pages, typos corrected, presentation improved
Miocene extension and volcanism in the Eldorado Mountains, Southeastern Nevada, U.S.A.
Creators: name: Darvall, Pip.
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2022

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
Emotion Recognition with Pre-Trained Transformers Using Multimodal Signals
Creators: name: Vazquez-Rodriguez, Juan
name: Lefebvre, Grégoire
name: Cumin, Julien
name: Crowley, James L
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper, we address the problem of multimodal emotion recognition from multiple physiological signals. We demonstrate that a Transformer-based approach is suitable for this task. In addition, we present how such models may be pretrained in a multimodal scenario to improve emotion recognition performances. We evaluate the benefits of using multimodal inputs and pre-training with our approach on a state-ofthe-art dataset.
Mid-infrared dual-comb spectroscopy with electro-optic modulators
Creators: name: Yan, Ming
name: Luo, Pei-Ling
name: Iwakuni, Kana
name: Millot, Guy
name: Hänsch, Theodor W.
name: Picqué, Nathalie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate dual-comb spectroscopy based on difference frequency generation of frequency-agile near-infrared frequency combs, produced with the help of electro-optic modulators. The combs have a remarkably flat intensity distribution and their positions and line spacings can be selected freely by simply dialing a knob. We record, in the 3-micron region, Doppler-limited absorption spectra with resolved comb lines within milliseconds. Precise molecular line parameters are retrieved. Our technique holds promise for fast and sensitive time-resolved studies e.g. of trace gases.
Identification and Properties of Isolated Field Elliptical Galaxies from CFHTLS-W1
Creators: name: Ulgen, E. Kaan
name: Alis, Sinan
name: Benoist, Christophe
name: Yelkenci, F. Korhan
name: Cakir, Oguzhan
name: Fisek, Suleyman
name: Karatas, Yuksel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a catalogue of isolated field elliptical (IfE) galaxies drawn from the W1 field of the Canada-France-Hawaii Telescope Legacy Survey (CFHTLS). 228 IfEs were identified from a flux-limited (r<21.8) galaxy catalogue which corresponds to a density of 3 IfE/sq.deg. For comparison we consider a sample of elliptical galaxies living in dense environments, based on identification of the brightest cluster galaxies (BGCs) in the same survey. Using the same dataset for the comparison sample ensures a uniform selection, including in the redshift range as IfEs (i.e. 0.1 < z < 0.9). A comparison of elliptical galaxies in different environments reveals that IfEs and BCGs have similar behaviours in their colours, star formation activities, and scaling relations of mass-size and size-luminosity. IfEs and BCGs have similar slopes in the scaling relations with respect to cluster ellipticals within the $-24 \leq M_{r} \leq -22$ magnitude and $10.2< \textrm{log}( \textrm M_{*}/ \textrm M_\odot)\leq12.0$ mass ranges. Three IfEs identified in this study can be associated with fossil groups found in the same survey area which gives clues for future studies.
description: 23 pages, 18 figures, 10 tables, accepted for publication in PASA
Interacting composite fermions: Nature of the 4/5, 5/7, 6/7, and 6/17 fractional quantum Hall states
Creators: name: Balram, Ajit C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Numerical studies by Wójs, Yi and Quinn have suggested that an unconventional fractional quantum Hall effect is plausible at filling factors $ν=$ 1/3 and 1/5, provided the interparticle interaction has an unusual form for which the energy of two fermions in the relative angular momentum three channel dominates. The interaction between composite fermions in the second $Λ$ level (composite fermion analog of the electronic Landau level) satisfies this property, and recent studies have supported unconventional fractional quantum Hall effect of composite fermions at $ν^*=$ 4/3 and 5/3, which manifests as fractional quantum Hall effect of electrons at $ν=$ 4/11, 4/13, 5/13, and 5/17. I investigate in this article the nature of the fractional quantum Hall states at $ν=$ 4/5, 5/7, 6/17, and 6/7, which correspond to composite fermions at $ν^*=$ 4/3, 5/3 and 6/5, and find that all these fractional quantum Hall states are conventional. The underlying reason is that the interaction between composite fermions depends substantially on both the number and the direction of the vortices attached to the electrons. I also study in detail the states with different spin polarizations at 6/17 and 6/7 and predict the critical Zeeman energies for the spin phase transitions between them. I calculate the excitation gaps at 4/5, 5/7, 6/7, and 6/17 and compare them against recent experiments.
description: 18 pages, 13 figures, changed title, minor changes in text, published version
Valorization of avocado seed wastes for antioxidant phenolics and carbohydrates recovery using deep eutectic dolvents (DES)
Creators: name: Del-Castillo-Llamosas, Alexandra
name: Rodríguez-Rebelo, Fernando
name: Rodríguez-Martínez, Beatriz
name: Mallo-Fraga, Adrián
name: G. Del-Río, Pablo
name: Gullón, Beatriz
Publisher: name: University of Limerick
Year: 2023

description: Avocado seeds represent the chief waste produced in avocado processing, leading not only to environmental problems regarding its elimination but to a loss of economic profitability. In fact, avocado seeds are known as interesting sources of bioactive compounds and carbohydrates, so their utilization may reduce the negative effect produced during the industrial manufacture of avocado-related products. In this sense, deep eutectic solvents (DES) are a novel greener alternative than organic solvents to extract bioactive polyphenols and carbohydrates. The study was based on a Box–Behnken experimental design to study the effect of three factors, temperature (40, 50, 60 ◦C), time (60, 120, 180 min) and water content (10, 30, 50% v/v) on the responses of total phenolic (TPC) and flavonoid content (TFC), antioxidant capacity (measured as ABTS and FRAP) and xylose content in the extract. The DES Choline chloride:glycerol (1:1) was used as solvent on avocado seed. Under optimal conditions, TPC: 19.71 mg GAE/g, TFC: 33.41 mg RE/g, ABTS: 20.91 mg TE/g, FRAP: 15.59 mg TE/g and xylose: 5.47 g/L were obtained. The tentative identification of eight phenolic compounds was assayed via HPLC-ESI. The carbohydrate content of the solid residue was also evaluated, and that solid was subjected to two different processing (delignification with DES and microwave-assisted autohydrolysis) to increase the glucan susceptibility to enzymes, and was also assayed reaching almost quantitative glucose yields. These results, added to the non-toxic, eco-friendly, and economic nature of DES, demonstrate that these solvents are an efficient alternative to organic solvents to recover phenolics and carbohydrates from food wastes.