cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The Case for Optically-Thick High Velocity Broad Line Region Gas in Active Galactic Nuclei
Creators: name: Snedden, Stephanie A.
name: Gaskell, C. Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A combined analysis of the profiles of the main broad quasar emission lines in both Hubble Space Telescope and optical spectra shows that while the profiles of the strong UV lines are quite similar, there is frequently a strong increase in the Ly-alpha/H-alpha ratio in the high-velocity gas. We show that the suggestion that the high velocity gas is optically-thin presents many problems. We show that the relative strengths of the high velocity wings arise naturally in an optically-thick BLR component. An optically-thick model successfully explains the equivalent widths of the lines, the Ly-alpha/H-alpha ratios and flatter Balmer decrements in the line wings, the strengths of CIII] and the lambda 1400 blend, and the strong variability of high-velocity, high-ionization lines (especially HeII and HeI).
description: 34 pages in AASTeX, including 10 pages of figures. Submitted to Astrophysical Journal
GPAT1 Activity and Abundant Palmitic Acid Impair Insulin Suppression of Hepatic Glucose Production in Primary Mouse Hepatocytes
Creators: name: Shaikh, Saame R
name: Xavier, Rose Mary
name: Santos, Hudson P
name: Steadman, Mathew
name: Zhang, Chongben
Publisher: name: Elsevier
Year: 2024

description: BACKGROUND: Glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase (GPAT) activity is correlated with obesity and insulin resistance in mice and humans. However, insulin resistance exists in people with normal body weight, and individuals with obesity may be metabolically healthy, implying the presence of complex pathophysiologic mechanisms underpinning insulin resistance.
OBJECTIVE: We asked what conditions related to GPAT1 must be met concurrently for hepatic insulin resistance to occur.
METHODS: Mouse hepatocytes were overexpressed with GPATs via adenoviral infection or exposed to high or low concentrations of glucose. Glucose production by the cells and phosphatidic acid (PA) content in the cells were assayed, GPAT activity was measured, relative messenger RNA expressions of sterol-regulatory element-binding protein 1c (SREBP1c), carbohydrate response element-binding protein (ChREBP), and GPAT1 were analyzed, and insulin signaling transduction was examined.
RESULTS: Overexpressing GPAT1 in mouse hepatocytes impaired insulin's suppression of glucose production, together with an increase in both N-ethylmaleimide-resistant GPAT activity and the content of di-16:0 PA. Akt-mediated insulin signaling was inhibited in hepatocytes that overexpressed GPAT1. When the cells were exposed to high-glucose concentrations, insulin suppression of glucose production was impaired, and adding palmitic acid exacerbated this impairment. High-glucose exposure increased the expression of SREBP1c, ChREBP, and GPAT1 by ∼2-, 5-, and 5.7-fold, respectively. The addition of 200 mM palmitic acid or linoleic acid to the culture media did not change the upregulation of expression of these genes by high glucose. High-glucose exposure increased di-16:0 PA content in the cells, and adding palmitic acid further increased di-16:0 PA content. The effect was specific to palmitic acid because linoleic acid did not show these effects.
CONCLUSION: These data demonstrate that high-GPAT1 activity, whether induced by glucose exposure or acquired by transfection, and abundant palmitic acid can impair insulin's ability to suppress hepatic glucose production in primary mouse hepatocytes.
Strong Shape Theory of Continuous Maps
Creators: name: Baladze, V.
name: Beridze, A.
name: Tsinaridze, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The work is motivated by the papers [Ba1], [Ba2], [Ba7], [Ba11], [Be] and [Be-Tu]. In particular, the strong homology groups of continuous maps were defined and studied in [Be] and [Be-Tu]. To show that given groups are homology type functor, it was required to construct the corresponding shape category. In this paper, we study this very problem. In particular, using the methods developed in [Ba7], [Ba-Ts]. the strong shape theory of continuous maps of compact metric spaces, so-called strong fiber shape theory is constructed.
Violence against women and girls research: Leveraging gains across disciplines.
Creators: name: Peterman, Amber
name: Nordås, Ragnhild
name: Field, Anjalie
name: Porat, Roni
name: Falb, Kathryn
name: Stark, Lindsay
Publisher: name: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
Year: 2025

description:
Violence against women and girls (VAWG) is a leading cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide, linked to numerous health, economic, and human rights outcomes. Target 5.2 of the Sustainable Development Goals calls for elimination of all forms of VAWG; however, progress toward achieving this goal has been inadequate. A lack of sufficient data and evidence has hindered global efforts to meet this target and hold governments accountable for action. While there have been substantial advancements in VAWG research methodology over the past three decades, researchers from diverse disciplines tend to work in silos, inhibiting progress in VAWG research. To address this challenge, we offer four key recommendations to support researchers in expanding transdisciplinary approaches: 1) leverage insights from a variety of VAWG data sources, 2) improve precision of VAWG definitions and outcomes, 3) create strategies to address underreporting, and 4) advance research ethics and equity. We conclude with a call to action for researchers, institutions, and donors to advance transdisciplinary research and foster collaboration, learning, and cross-fertilization across scientific fields to accelerate VAWG prevention efforts now and for future generations.
MOESM1 of The acute transcriptome response of the midbrain/diencephalon to injury in the adult mummichog (Fundulus heteroclitus)
Creators: name: Bisese, Eleanor
name: Ciuba, Chandler
name: Davidson, Amelia
name: Akanksha Kaushik
name: Mullen, Sabrina
name: Barth, Jeremy
name: E. Hazard
name: Wilson, Robert
name: Hardiman, Gary
name: Hollis, David
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Hematology
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 1 Table S1. List of qPCR primers used to validate specific RNA-seq data. With the exception of the ef1a primers, all primers were designed using the online primer design tools from Integrated DNA Technologies (Coralville, IA) and commercially synthesized by the company. Primers for ef1a based on [see 1].
Examination of Wave-Particle Duality Via Two-Slit Interference
Creators: name: Rabinowitz, Mario
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: History and Philosophy of Physics (physics.hist-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The wave-particle duality is the main point of demarcation between quantum and classical physics, and is the quintessential mystery of quantum mechanics. Young's two-slit interference experiment is the arch prototype of actual and gedanken experiments used as a testing ground of this duality. Quantum mechanics predicts that any detector capable of determining the path taken by a particle through one or the other of a two-slit plate will destroy the interference pattern. We will examine both the experimental and theoretical attempts to test this assertion, including a new kind of experiment, and to grasp the underlying truth behind this mystery from the earliest days to the present. Where positions differ, the views of both sides are presented in a balanced approach.
description: PACS Nos.: 03.65.Bz, 42.25.Hz, 3.65.-w, 01.65.+g, 01.70.+w. 38 pages 2 Figure. No Tables
Additional file 4 of Eribulin, Child-Pugh score, and liver-function tests: lessons from pivotal breast cancer studies 301 and 305
Creators: name: Macpherson, Iain R.
name: Yaohua He
name: Palmieri, Carlo
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 4: Supplementary Table S4. Neutrophil/granulocyte CTCAE grade at baseline and after cycle 1 in patients with liver impairment.
Spatially quasi-periodic water waves of infinite depth
Creators: name: Wilkening, Jon
name: Zhao, Xinyu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 76B15, 70K43, 76M22, 65E05

description: We formulate the two-dimensional gravity-capillary water wave equations in a spatially quasi-periodic setting and present a numerical study of solutions of the initial value problem. We propose a Fourier pseudo-spectral discretization of the equations of motion in which one-dimensional quasi-periodic functions are represented by two-dimensional periodic functions on a torus. We adopt a conformal mapping formulation and employ a quasi-periodic version of the Hilbert transform to determine the normal velocity of the free surface. Two methods of time-stepping the initial value problem are proposed, an explicit Runge-Kutta (ERK) method and an exponential time-differencing (ETD) scheme. The ETD approach makes use of the small-scale decomposition to eliminate stiffness due to surface tension. We perform a convergence study to compare the accuracy and efficiency of the methods on a traveling wave test problem. We also present an example of a periodic wave profile containing vertical tangent lines that is set in motion with a quasi-periodic velocity potential. As time evolves, each wave peak evolves differently, and only some of them overturn. Beyond water waves, we argue that spatial quasi-periodicity is a natural setting to study the dynamics of linear and nonlinear waves, offering a third option to the usual modeling assumption that solutions either evolve on a periodic domain or decay at infinity.
description: 32 pages, 4 figures; expanded introduction, added two appendices
title: José da Silva Paulete
Creators: name: Pacheco, Mafalda
Publisher: name: CHAM, Faculdade de Ciências Sociais e Humanas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa
Year: 2022

description: Entrada biográfica sobre José da Silva Paulete, na plataforma eViterbo
description: Pacheco, Mafalda. 2022. José da Silva Paulete in eViterbo. CHAM, Faculdade de Ciências Sociais e Humanas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa. eISBN: 978-989-8492-77-7
Low energy band structure and symmetries of UTe2 from angle resolved photoemission spectroscopy
Creators: name: Miao, Lin
name: Liu, Shouzheng
name: Xu, Yishuai
name: Kotta, Erica
name: Kang, Chang-Jong
name: Ran, Sheng
name: Paglione, Johnpierre
name: Kotliar, Gabriel
name: Butch, Nicholas P.
name: Denlinger, Jonathan D.
name: Wray, L. Andrew
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The compound UTe2 has recently been shown to realize spin triplet superconductivity from a non-magnetic normal state. This has sparked intense research activity, including theoretical analyses that suggest the superconducting order parameter to be topologically nontrivial. However, the underlying electronic band structure is a critical factor for these analyses, and remains poorly understood. Here, we present high resolution angle resolved photoemission (ARPES) measurements covering multiple planes in the 3D Brillouin zone of UTe2, revealing distinct Fermi-level features from two orthogonal quasi-one dimensional light electron bands and one heavy band. The electronic symmetries are evaluated in comparison with numerical simulations, and the resulting picture is discussed as a platform for unconventional many-body order.
description: Supplement included as ancillary material
Sandpile modelling of pellet pacing in fusion plasmas
Creators: name: Bowie, C. A.
name: Hole, M. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Sandpile models have been used to provide simple phenomenological models without incorporating the detailed features of a fully featured model. The Chapman sandpile model Chapman et al Physical Review Letters 86, 2814 (2001) has been used as an analogue for the behaviour of a plasma edge, with mass loss events being used as analogues for ELMs. In this work we modify the Chapman sandpile model by providing for both increased and intermittent driving. We show that the behaviour of the sandpile, when continuously fuelled at very high driving, can be determined analytically by a simple algorithm. We observe that the size of the largest avalanches is better reduced by increasing constant driving than by the intermittent introduction of `pellets' of sand. Using the sandpile model as a reduced model of ELMing behaviour, we conject that ELM control in a fusion plasma may similarly prove more effective with increased total fuelling than with pellet addition.
description: To be published in Physical Review E. 9 pages, 11 Figures
Tunneling effects on impurity spectral function in coupled asymmetric quantum wires
Creators: name: Tavares, Marcos R. S.
name: Hai, G. -Q.
name: Marques, G. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The impurity spectral function is studied in coupled double quantum wires at finite temperatures. Simple anisotropy in the confinement direction of the wires leads to finite non-diagonal elements of the impurity spectral function matrix. These non-diagonal elements are responsible for tunneling effects and result in pronounced extra peak in the impurity spectral function up to temperatures as high as 20 K.
description: Accepted in Phys. Rev. B
Non-Hermitian semi-Dirac semi-metals
Creators: name: Banerjee, Ayan
name: Narayan, Awadhesh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently, many novel and exotic phases have been proposed by considering the role of topology in non-Hermitian systems, and their emergent properties are of wide current interest. In this work we propose the non-Hermitian generalization of semi-Dirac semimetals, which feature a linear dispersion along one momentum direction and a quadratic one along the other. We study the topological phase transitions in such two-dimensional semi-Dirac semimetals in the presence of a particle gain-and-loss term. We show that such a non-Hermitian term creates exceptional points originating out of each semi-Dirac point. We map out the topological phase diagram of our model, using winding number and vorticity as topological invariants of the system. By means of numerical and analytical calculations, we examine the nature of edge states for different types of semi-Dirac models and establish bulk-boundary correspondence and absence of the non-Hermitian skin effect, in one class. On the other hand, for other classes of semi-Dirac models with asymmetric hopping, we restore the non-Hermitian skin effect, an anomalous feature usually present in non-Hermitian topological systems.
description: To appear in J. Phys.: Condens. Matter
Influence of birthplace and age at migration on cognitive aging among Hispanic/Latino populations in the U.S.: Study of Latinos-Investigation of Neurocognitive Aging (SOL-INCA)
Creators: name: Liu, Mao-Mei
name: Perreira, Krista M
name: Llibre-Guerra, Jorge J
name: Li, Lehan
name: Garcia, Tanya P
name: González, Hector M
name: Dow, William H
name: Tarraf, Wassim
name: Gallo, Linda C
name: Stickel, Ariana M
name: Riosmena, Fernando
name: Testai, Fernando D
name: Lamar, Melissa
name: Daviglus, Martha
name: Lipton, Richard B
name: Isasi, Carmen R
Publisher: name: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Year: 2025

description:
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: While Hispanic/Latino populations in the U.S. are remarkably diverse in terms of birthplace and age at migration, we poorly understand how these factors are associated with cognitive aging. Our research seeks to operationalize a life course perspective of migration and health and contribute new understanding of Alzheimer's disease / Alzheimer's disease related dementias among U.S.-based Hispanic/Latino older adults. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: Harnessing the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (n=16,415) and the Study of Latinos-Investigation of Neurocognitive Aging (n=6,377) data, we compare baseline cognition and 7-year cognitive change among U.S./mainland-born Hispanic/Latino adults relative to foreign/island-born immigrants by age of migration (four groups: born in mainland U.S., immigrated <16 years, 16-34 years, >34 years). Global cognition was calculated as a composite measure, and domain specific measures were considered in secondary analyses. We employed linear regressions, ANOVA contrasts and Blinder-Oaxaca decomposition techniques. RESULTS: All Hispanic/Latino immigrant adults, regardless of age at migration, have a cognitive health disadvantage (at each visit and over time) relative to U.S./mainland-born Hispanic/Latino individuals. Differences did not endure the inclusion of covariates and were explained predominantly by first socio-economic and then acculturative factors, and far less by health and health behaviors. Acculturative factors are particularly important for individuals who migrated after childhood. DISCUSSION AND IMPLICATIONS: Socio-economic and acculturation factors have outsized roles in explaining gaps in cognitive aging among U.S.-born and migrant Hispanic/Latino adults. It is then vital to examine whether disrupting socio-economic and acculturation inequalities closes such gaps in cognitive aging.
Prior heat waves improve survival of field but not domesticated populations of tobacco hornworm exposed to repeated bacterial infections
Creators: name: Willett, Christopher S.
name: Malinski, Katherine H.
name: Kingsolver, Joel G.
Publisher: name: Wiley
Year: 2025

description:
In insects and other invertebrates, prior pathogen exposures can improve immune responses and survival to subsequent infections through immune priming. Alternatively, stress and metabolic costs of multiple infections can impair host immunity and survival. The effects of high‐temperature extremes on host–pathogen interactions are not well understood despite the increasing occurrence of heat waves caused by climate change. The response of insects to heat waves and pathogens depends on recent evolutionary history with selective pressures. Domestication of insect pests has occurred in lab colonies of model species, reducing selective pressures for immune and heat stress responses. Lab strains are often used in immunological or heat stress experiments to represent wild field strains, but the efficacy of this approach is seldom evaluated. Using the tobacco hornworm ( Manduca sexta ), we tested the impact of a heat wave during initial pathogen exposure on survival of a secondary infection with Bacillus thuringiensis bacteria. We used a domesticated lab population and a naturally occurring field population of M. sexta to evaluate the impacts of recent domestication on immune and thermal responses. A heat wave during initial infection significantly increased survival of the secondary B. thuringiensis infection in the field, but not the lab population of M. sexta. In the field population, survival of the repeated infection was temperature dependent: exposure to an initial infection event reduced survival of the secondary infection at the control temperature regime, consistent with a stress effect. However, a heat wave during the initial infection event increased survival of the secondary infection, consistent with immune priming effects. The results of this study demonstrate that (a) insect response to thermal stress and pathogens can depend on recent domestication and (b) responses of hosts to repeat pathogen exposures can be temperature‐dependent, suggesting that cross‐talk between the heat stress and immune memory pathways may have important consequences for host–pathogen outcomes under heat wave events. Read the free Plain Language Summary for this article on the Journal blog.
A Population Balance Model for Large Eddy Simulation of Polydisperse Droplet Evolution
Creators: name: Aiyer, Aditya
name: Yang, Di
name: Chamecki, Marcelo
name: Meneveau, Charles
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the context of many applications of turbulent multi-phase flows, knowledge of the dispersed phase size distribution and its evolution is critical to predicting important macroscopic features. We use a population dynamics model for polydisperse droplet distributions specifically adapted to a LES framework including a model for droplet breakup due to turbulence, neglecting coalescence. Following earlier methods used in the Reynolds averaged Navier--Stokes framework, the droplet breakup due to turbulent fluctuations is modelled by treating droplet-eddy collisions as in kinetic theory of gases. In order to also model smaller droplets comparable to or smaller than the Kolmogorov scale we extend the breakup kernels using a structure function model that smoothly transitions from the inertial to the viscous range. The model includes a dimensionless coefficient that is fitted by comparing predictions in a one-dimensional version of the model with a laboratory experiment of oil droplet breakup below breaking waves. After initial comparisons of the one-dimensional model to measurements of oil droplets in an axisymmetric jet, it is then applied in a three-dimensional LES of a jet in crossflow with large oil droplets of a single size being released at the source of the jet. We model the concentration fields using $N_d =15$ bins of discrete droplet sizes and solve scalar transport equations for each bin. The resulting droplet size distributions are compared with published experimental data, and good agreement for the relative size distribution is obtained. The LES results also enable us to quantify size distribution variability. We find that the probability distribution functions of key quantities such as the total surface area and the Sauter mean diameter of oil droplets are highly variable, some displaying strong non-Gaussian intermittent behavior.
Genetic Programming for Evolving Similarity Functions for Clustering: Representations and Analysis
Creators: name: Lensen, Andrew
name: Xue, Bing
name: Zhang, Mengjie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Clustering is a difficult and widely-studied data mining task, with many varieties of clustering algorithms proposed in the literature. Nearly all algorithms use a similarity measure such as a distance metric (e.g. Euclidean distance) to decide which instances to assign to the same cluster. These similarity measures are generally pre-defined and cannot be easily tailored to the properties of a particular dataset, which leads to limitations in the quality and the interpretability of the clusters produced. In this paper, we propose a new approach to automatically evolving similarity functions for a given clustering algorithm by using genetic programming. We introduce a new genetic programming-based method which automatically selects a small subset of features (feature selection) and then combines them using a variety of functions (feature construction) to produce dynamic and flexible similarity functions that are specifically designed for a given dataset. We demonstrate how the evolved similarity functions can be used to perform clustering using a graph-based representation. The results of a variety of experiments across a range of large, high-dimensional datasets show that the proposed approach can achieve higher and more consistent performance than the benchmark methods. We further extend the proposed approach to automatically produce multiple complementary similarity functions by using a multi-tree approach, which gives further performance improvements. We also analyse the interpretability and structure of the automatically evolved similarity functions to provide insight into how and why they are superior to standard distance metrics.
description: 29 pages, accepted by Evolutionary Computation (Journal), MIT Press
Brane Q-ball, branonium and brane Q-ball inflation
Creators: name: Matsuda, Tomohiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the stability of branonium. Contrary to the previous arguments, global structure of branonium is not stable against spatial fluctuations. We show that branonium decays into local objects, which looks like Q-balls in the effective action. Therefore, we consider the idea of brane Q-balls in this paper. Brane Q-balls are produced as the remnants of unstable branonium. Although the brane Q-balls are conceptually different from the conventional Q-balls, they look similar in some parametric regions. We show how to distinguish brane Q-balls from conventional Q-balls.
description: 14pages, latex2e, typos fixed, to appear in JCAP
MOESM6 of Lose-of-Function of a Rice Nucleolus-Localized Pentatricopeptide Repeat Protein Is Responsible for the floury endosperm14 Mutant Phenotypes
Creators: name: Mengyao Xue
name: Linglong Liu
name: Yanfang Yu
name: Jianping Zhu
name: Gao, Hao
name: Yihua Wang
name: Jianmin Wan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 6: Table S3. Primers used for vector construction.
MOESM5 of Lose-of-Function of a Rice Nucleolus-Localized Pentatricopeptide Repeat Protein Is Responsible for the floury endosperm14 Mutant Phenotypes
Creators: name: Mengyao Xue
name: Linglong Liu
name: Yanfang Yu
name: Jianping Zhu
name: Gao, Hao
name: Yihua Wang
name: Jianmin Wan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 5: Table S2. Markers used for OsNPPR3 mapping in this study.
Tibial lengthening using a retrograde magnetically driven intramedullary lengthening device in 10 patients with preexisting ankle and hindfoot fusion
Creators: name: Bjoern Vogt
name: Roedl, Robert
name: Gosheger, Georg
name: Toporowski, Gregor
name: Laufer, Andrea
name: Theil, Christoph
name: Broeking, Jan Niklas
name: Frommer, Adrien
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Background and purpose — Motorized intramedullary lengthening nails (ILNs) have been developed as an alternative to external fixators for long bone lengthening. The antegrade approach represents the standard method for tibial ILN insertion. In patients with preexisting ankle and hindfoot fusion a retrograde approach provides an alternative technique that has not been evaluated so far. We report the outcome of this method in 10 patients. Patients and methods — This retrospective study included 10 patients (mean age 18 years [13–25]) with preexisting ankle and hindfoot fusion who underwent tibial lengthening with a retrograde ILN (PRECICE). The mean leg length discrepancy (LLD) was 58 mm (36–80). The underlying conditions were congenital (n = 9) and post tumor resection (n = 1). The main outcome measures were: ILN reliability, distraction achieved, distraction index (DIX), time to bone healing, consolidation index (CIX), complications, and functional results. Results — All patients achieved the goal of lengthening (mean 48 mm [26–80]). Average DIX was 0.6 mm/day (0.5–0.7) and mean CIX was 44 days/cm (26–60). Delayed consolidation occurred in 2 patients and healed after ILN dynamization or nail exchange with grafting. Toe contractures in 2 other patients were resolved with physiotherapy or tenotomy. Until last follow-up (mean 18 months [12–30]) no true complications were encountered, knee motion remained unaffected, and full osseous consolidation occurred in all patients. Interpretation — In patients with LLD and preexisting ankle and hindfoot fusion distal tibial lengthening using a retrograde ILN is a reliable alternative to the standard approach with equivalent bone healing potential and low complication rates leaving the knee unaffected.
Additional file 2 of Relationship between energy availability, energy conservation and cognitive restraint with performance measures in male endurance athletes
Creators: name: Jurov, Iva
name: Keay, Nicola
name: Hadžić, Vedran
name: Darjan Spudić
name: Rauter, Samo
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 2.
Correction to “Spatiotemporal patterns of Lyme disease in North Carolina: 2010–2020”
Creators: name: Howard, Annie Green
name: Williams, Carl
name: Mokashi, Neha V.
name: Delamater, Paul L.
name: Seagle, Steven W.
name: Barbarin, Alexis M.
name: Marusiak, Amanda Brown
name: Boyce, Ross M.
name: Giandomenico, Dana
Publisher: name: Elsevier
Year: 2025

description:
Correction to “Spatiotemporal patterns of Lyme disease in North Carolina: 2010–2020”
A new technique for finding galaxies leaking Lyman-continuum radiation: [SII]-deficiency
Creators: name: Wang, Bingjie
name: Heckman, Timothy M.
name: Leitherer, Claus
name: Alexandroff, Rachel
name: Borthakur, Sanchayeeta
name: Overzier, Roderik A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The source responsible for the reionization of the Universe is believed to be the population of star-forming galaxies at $z\sim6$ to 12. The biggest uncertainty concerns the fraction of Lyman-continuum photons that actually escape from the galaxies. In recent years, several relatively small samples of "leaky" galaxies have been uncovered, and clues have begun to emerge as to both the indirect signposts of leakiness and of the conditions/processes that enable the escape of ionizing radiation. In this paper we present the results of a pilot program aimed to test a new technique for finding leaky galaxies---using the weakness of the [SII] nebular emission-lines relative to typical star-forming galaxies as evidence that the interstellar medium is optically-thin to the Lyman continuum. We use the Cosmic Origins Spectrograph on the Hubble Space Telescope to detect significant emerging flux below the Lyman edge in two out of three [SII]-weak star-forming galaxies at $z\sim0.3$. We show that these galaxies differ markedly in their properties from the class of leaky "Green-Pea" galaxies at similar redshifts: our sample galaxies are more massive, more metal-rich, and less extreme in terms of their stellar population and the ionization state of the interstellar medium. Like the Green Peas, they have exceptionally high star-formation rates per unit area. They also share some properties with the known leaky galaxies at $z\sim3$, but are significantly dustier. Our results validate a new way to identify local laboratories for exploring the processes that made it possible for galaxies to reionize the Universe.
description: Accepted for publication in ApJ. 17 pages, 8 figures, 8 tables
The determination of the electron-phonon interaction from tunneling data in the two-band superconductor MgB2
Creators: name: Daghero, D.
name: Gonnelli, R. S.
name: Ummarino, G. A.
name: Dolgov, O. V.
name: Kortus, J.
name: Golubov, A. A.
name: Shulga, S. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate the tunneling density of states (DOS) of MgB2 for different tunneling directions, by directly solving the real-axis, two-band Eliashberg equations (EE). Then we show that the numeric inversion of the standard single-band EE, if applied to the DOS of the two-band superconductor MgB2, may lead to wrong estimates of the strength of certain phonon branches (e.g. the E_2g) in the extracted electron-phonon spectral function alpha^(2)F(omega). The fine structures produced by the two-band interaction turn out to be clearly observable only for tunneling along the ab planes in high-quality single crystals. The results are compared to recent experimental data.
description: 2 pages, 2 figures, proceedings of M2S-HTSC-VII conference, Rio de Janeiro (May 2003)
New search strategy for high z intervening absorbers: GRB021004, a pilot study
Creators: name: Vreeswijk, P. M.
name: Moller, P.
name: Fynbo, J. P. U.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present near-infrared narrow- and broad-band imaging of the field of GRB021004, performed with ISAAC on the UT1 of the ESO Very Large Telescope. The narrow-band filters were chosen to match prominent emission lines at the redshift of the absorption-line systems found against the early-time afterglow of GRB021004: [OIII] at z=1.38 and Halpha at z=1.60, respectively. For the z=1.38 system we find an emission-line source at an impact parameter of 16", which is somewhat larger than the typical impact parameters of a sample of MgII absorbers at redshifts around unity. Assuming that this tentative redshift-identification is correct, the star formation rate of the galaxy is 13 +- 2 Msun/year. Our study reaches star-formation rate limits (5 sigma) of 5.7 Msun/year at z=1.38, and 7.7 Msun/year at z=1.60. These limits correspond to a depth of roughly 0.13 L*. Any galaxy counterpart of the absorbers nearer to the line of sight either has to be fainter than this limit or not be an emission-line source.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures, accepted for publication in A&A letters
Additional file of Relationship between energy availability, energy conservation and cognitive restraint with performance measures in male endurance athletes
Creators: name: Jurov, Iva
name: Keay, Nicola
name: Hadžić, Vedran
name: Darjan Spudić
name: Rauter, Samo
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file of Relationship between energy availability, energy conservation and cognitive restraint with performance measures in male endurance athletes
Social Anxiety, Negative Affect, and Hearing Difficulties in Adults.
Creators: name: McConkey, Sarah
name: Peelle, Jonathan E
name: Rodebaugh, Thomas L
name: Levitan, Julia M
name: McClannahan, Katrina Kate S
Publisher: name: SAGE Publications
Year: 2025

description:
Subjective ratings of communication function reflect both auditory sensitivity and the situational, social, and emotional consequences of communication difficulties. Listeners interact with people and their environment differently, have various ways of handling stressful situations, and have diverse communication needs. Therefore, understanding the relationship between auditory and mental health factors is crucial for the holistic diagnosis and treatment of communication difficulty, particularly as mental health and communication function may have bidirectional effects. The goal of this study was to evaluate the degree to which social anxiety and negative affect (encompassing generalized anxiety, depression, and anger) contributed to subjective communication function (hearing handicap) in adult listeners. A cross-sectional online survey was administered via REDCap. Primary measures were brief assessments of social anxiety, negative affect, and subjective communication function measures. Participants were 628 adults (408 women, 220 men), ages 19 to 87 years (mean = 43) living in the United States. Results indicated that individuals reporting higher social anxiety and higher negative affect also reported poorer communication function. Multiple linear regression analysis revealed that both negative affect and social anxiety were significant and unique predictors of subjective communication function. Social anxiety and negative affect both significantly, and uniquely, contribute to how much someone feels a hearing loss impacts their daily communication function. Further examination of social anxiety and negative affect in older adults with hearing loss may help researchers and clinicians understand the complex interactions between mental health and sensory function during everyday communication, in this rapidly growing clinical population.
$C^0$-Stability of Topological Entropy for Contactomorphisms
Creators: name: Dahinden, Lucas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Symplectic Geometry (math.SG)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53D35 (Primary) 53D40, 37B40, 57R17, 55N31 (Secondary)

description: Topological entropy is not lower semi-continous: small perturbation of the dynamical system can lead to a collapse of entropy. In this note we show that for some special classes of dynamical systems (geodesic flows, Reeb flows, positive contactomorphisms) topological entropy at least is stable in the sense that there exists a nontrivial continuous lower bound, given that a certain homological invariant grows exponentially.
Decomposable compositions, symmetric quasisymmetric functions and equality of ribbon Schur functions
Creators: name: Billera, Louis J.
name: Thomas, Hugh
name: van Willigenburg, Stephanie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05E05, 05A17 (Primary) 05A19, 05E10 (Secondary)

description: We define an equivalence relation on integer compositions and show that two ribbon Schur functions are identical if and only if their defining compositions are equivalent in this sense. This equivalence is completely determined by means of a factorization for compositions: equivalent compositions have factorizations that differ only by reversing some of the terms. As an application, we can derive identities on certain Littlewood-Richardson coefficients. Finally, we consider the cone of symmetric functions having a nonnnegative representation in terms of the fundamental quasisymmetric basis. We show the Schur functions are among the extremes of this cone and conjecture its facets are in bijection with the equivalence classes of compositions.
description: 29 pages; version 2: first two sections rewritten and streamlined; additions to final section; version 3: connection to plethysm added, minor improvements, version to appear in Advances in Mathematics
Protected Areas, Agricultural Pests and economic Damage: A Study of Elephants and other Pests from Xishuangbanna State Nature Reserve
Creators: name: Tisdell, Clement A.
name: Xiang, Zhu
name: Tisdell, Clement A.
name: Xiang, Zhu
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Farm Management
subject: Xishuangbanna State Nature Reserve
subject: agricultural pests
subject: elephants

description: Protected areas are often the source of agricultural pests and .Xishuangbanna State Nature Reserve in Yunnan is no exception. The main pest associated with the. Reserve is the Asian elephant, Elaphas maximus, which causes damage outside the Reserve to agriculture as well as in the Reserve. However, these elephants are also an important attraction to tourists visiting Xishuangbanna. Xishuangbanna Prefecture contains the only remaining wild elephants in China. The present economic value of tourism within the Reserve seems to be much less than the economic d mage caused by elephants and other species protected by it. So the economic value of protecting these species must depend on other factors or future economic prospects. Methods of controlling pests from the Reserve are discussed as also is the scheme for compensating agriculturalists for damages caused by its pests. The problem of achieving an equitable solution to the pest problem is given considerable attention. The economics of reconciling the conflicting interests of those who either regard a species as a pest or as an asset is considered. The appendix introduces a simple model for optimally controlling the population of a species (variously regarded as a pest and as an asset) from an economic viewpoint.
Exact results for 5d SCFTs of long quiver type
Creators: name: Uhlemann, Christoph F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Exact results are derived for 5d SCFTs with holographic duals in Type IIB supergravity. These theories have relevant deformations that flow to linear quiver gauge theories, with the number of nodes large in the large-$N$ limits described by supergravity. Starting from a suitable formulation of the matrix models resulting from supersymmetric localization of the squashed $S^5$ partition functions, the saddle point equations are solved for generic quivers with $N_f=2N$ at all interior nodes, which includes the $T_N$ theories, and for a sample of theories with $N_f\neq 2N$ nodes including theories with Chern-Simons terms. The resulting exact expressions for the free energies and conformal central charges are consistent with supergravity predictions and, where available, with previous numerical field theory analyses.
description: 34 pages, 4 figures
More on combinatorial interpretation of the fibonomial coefficients
Creators: name: Kwasniewski, A. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Discrete Mathematics (cs.DM)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 11Bxx: 11B39

description: Combinatorial interpretation of the fibonomial coefficients as a number of choices of specific finite subsets of an infinite partially ordered set of not binomial type is proposed. This partially ordered set is here defined via characteristic matrix of the corresponding partial order relation . Relevance of the proposal to more general unification treatment is indicated.
New variants of Perfect Non-crossing Matchings
Creators: name: Mantas, Ioannis
name: Savić, Marko
name: Schrezenmaier, Hendrik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computational Geometry (cs.CG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Given a set of points in the plane, we are interested in matching them with straight line segments. We focus on perfect (all points are matched) non-crossing (no two edges intersect) matchings. Apart from the well known MinMax variation, where the length of the longest edge is minimized, we extend work by looking into different optimization variants such as MaxMin, MinMin, and MaxMax. We consider both the monochromatic and bichromatic versions of these problems and by employing diverse techniques we provide efficient algorithms for various input point configurations.
The hodograph method applicability in the problem of long-scale nonlinear dynamics of a thin vortex filament near a flat boundary
Creators: name: Ruban, V. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Hamiltonian dynamics of a thin vortex filament in ideal incompressible fluid near a flat fixed boundary is considered at the conditions that at any point of the curve determining shape of the filament the angle between tangent vector and the boundary plane is small, also the distance from a point on the curve to the plane is small in comparison with the curvature radius. The dynamics is shown to be effectively described by a nonlinear system of two (1+1)-dimensional partial differential equations. The hodograph transformation reduces that system to a single linear differential equation of the second order with separable variables. Simple solutions of the linear equation are investigated at real values of spectral parameter $λ$ when the filament projection on the boundary plane has shape of a two-branch spiral or a smoothed angle, depending on the sign of $λ$.
description: 9 pages, revtex4, 6 eps-figures
No Better Than Soup? Comparing Null Experimental Effects of Political Facebook Ads Across Persuasive and Instrumental Measures of Effectiveness
Creators: name: McGregor, Shannon C.
name: Barrett, Bridget
Publisher: name: SAGE Publications
Year: 2025

description:
Studies on digital advertising effects claim that the primary purposes of online ads are persuasive: They seek to change vote choice or voters’ attitudes toward candidates. But recent scholarship has noted that social media’s unique affordances encourage electoral campaigns to use them in specific ways, such as using Facebook’s ads for email list-building. We conceptualize such strategic campaign goals as instrumental purposes of advertisements. We develop novel measures to test these instrumental effects. In an online survey experiment using Facebook ads from the 2020 Biden and Trump campaigns, we test our theory with list-building, fundraising, and persuasion ads. In a factor analysis, we find that instrumental and persuasive effects are related, but distinct, aspects of candidate support. We also test the effects of these ads on persuasive and instrumental outcomes. Our control treatment was an ad for a can of Progresso soup. We found no main persuasive or instrumental effects of any advertisement type. These ads performed no better than soup.