cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Early Labor Market and Debt Outcomes for Bachelor’s Degree Recipients: Heterogeneity by Institution Type and Major, and Trends Over Time
Creators: name: Scott-Clayton, Judith E.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2016
Subjects: Wages--College graduates
Education, Higher--Finance
Bachelor of arts degree
Education, Higher

description: While research has consistently found strong positive earnings returns to the bachelor’s degree, recent evidence also highlights heterogeneity in post-college outcomes. Combined with increases in the proportions of students borrowing to enroll, heterogeneity in college outcomes introduces the risk that some students with college degrees may experience financial hardship after graduation. Using nationally representative data on baccalaureate recipients in 1993 and 2008, this paper jointly examines labor market and debt outcomes four years after students graduate, with a focus on exploring heterogeneity by institution type and major field of study, as well as trends over time. Results confirm that the typical graduate fares well after college, both in terms of earnings and debt management. Borrowing rates and debt loads have increased substantially over time, but these substantially higher levels of debt are nonetheless manageable for the vast majority of graduates. Within this context of positive outcomes, stratification by institution type, for both earnings and debt outcomes, appears to be increasing. Similarly, while the top-earning majors have remained quite stable over time, the magnitude of the advantage of engineering, math/computer science, and business graduates has grown notably. Examining debt alongside earnings only reinforces the patterns by major: higher earning fields also have lower debt-to-earnings ratios. Overall, these patterns offer reassurance regarding the typical returns to bachelors’ degrees, even for those graduating into the Great Recession, and even in light of growing debt loads. But the results also provide evidence that students’ choices about where to attend and what to study have only become more consequential over time.
title: Donna Elmire oder die Treue auf der Probe; 1777
title: eine spanische Geschichte
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Arnaud, François Thomas Marie de Baculard d'
name: Göntgen, Jonathan Gottlieb
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
Year: 2014

description: In Fraktur. - Übers. ermittelt. - Vorlageform des Erscheinungsvermerks: Offenbach am Mayn, gedruckt und zu finden bey Ulrich Weiß, 1777.
Comparison principle for elliptic equations with mixed singular nonlinearities
Creators: name: Durastanti, Riccardo
name: Oliva, Francescantonio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We deal with existence and uniqueness of positive solutions of an elliptic boundary value problem modeled by \begin{equation*} \begin{cases} \displaystyle -Δ_p u= \frac{f}{u^γ} + g u^q & \mbox{in $Ω$,} \\ u = 0 & \mbox{on $\partialΩ$,} \end{cases} \end{equation*} where $Ω$ is an open bounded subset of $\mathbb{R}^N$, $Δ_p u:=\text{div}(|\nabla u|^{p-2}\nabla u)$ is the usual $p$-Laplacian operator, $γ\geq 0$ and $0\leq q\leq p-1$; $f$ and $g$ are nonnegative functions belonging to suitable Lebesgue spaces.
Gun Possession among American Youth: A Discovery-Based Approach to Understand Gun Violence
Creators: name: Ruggles, Kelly V.
name: Rajan, Sonali
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Firearms ownership
subject: Teenagers
subject: Public health
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology

description: Objective

To apply discovery-based computational methods to nationally representative data from the Centers for Disease Control and Preventions’ Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System to better understand and visualize the behavioral factors associated with gun possession among adolescent youth.

Results

Our study uncovered the multidimensional nature of gun possession across nearly five million unique data points over a ten year period (2001–2011). Specifically, we automated odds ratio calculations for 55 risk behaviors to assemble a comprehensive table of associations for every behavior combination. Downstream analyses included the hierarchical clustering of risk behaviors based on their association “fingerprint” to 1) visualize and assess which behaviors frequently co-occur and 2) evaluate which risk behaviors are consistently found to be associated with gun possession. From these analyses, we identified more than 40 behavioral factors, including heroin use, using snuff on school property, having been injured in a fight, and having been a victim of sexual violence, that have and continue to be strongly associated with gun possession. Additionally, we identified six behavioral clusters based on association similarities: 1) physical activity and nutrition; 2) disordered eating, suicide and sexual violence; 3) weapon carrying and physical safety; 4) alcohol, marijuana and cigarette use; 5) drug use on school property and 6) overall drug use.

Conclusions

Use of computational methodologies identified multiple risk behaviors, beyond more commonly discussed indicators of poor mental health, that are associated with gun possession among youth. Implications for prevention efforts and future interdisciplinary work applying computational methods to behavioral science data are described.
Early-Life Exposure to Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons and ADHD Behavior Problems
Creators: name: Perera, Frederica P.
name: Chang, Hsin-Wen
name: Tang, Deliang
name: Roen, Emily L.
name: Herbstman, Julie Beth
name: Margolis, Amy E.
name: Huang, Tzu Jung
name: Miller, Rachel L.
name: Wang, Shuang
name: Rauh, Virginia A.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2014
Subjects: Attention-deficit-disordered children
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons
Metabolites
Epidemiology
Medical sciences

description: Importance

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons are widespread urban air pollutants from combustion of fossil fuel and other organic material shown previously to be neurotoxic.

Objective

In a prospective cohort study, we evaluated the relationship between Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder behavior problems and prenatal polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon exposure, adjusting for postnatal exposure.

Materials and Methods

Children of nonsmoking African-American and Dominican women in New York City were followed from in utero to 9 years. Prenatal polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon exposure was estimated by levels of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon- DNA adducts in maternal and cord blood collected at delivery. Postnatal exposure was estimated by the concentration of urinary polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon metabolites at ages 3 or 5. Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder behavior problems were assessed using the Child Behavior Checklist and the Conners Parent Rating Scale- Revised.

Results

High prenatal adduct exposure, measured by elevated maternal adducts was significantly associated with all Conners Parent Rating Scale-Revised subscales when the raw scores were analyzed continuously (N = 233). After dichotomizing at the threshold for moderately to markedly atypical symptoms, high maternal adducts were significantly associated with the Conners Parent Rating Scale-Revised DSM-IV Inattentive (OR = 5.06, 95% CI [1.43, 17.93]) and DSM-IV Total (OR = 3.37, 95% CI [1.10, 10.34]) subscales. High maternal adducts were positivity associated with the DSM-oriented Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Problems scale on the Child Behavior Checklist, albeit not significant. In the smaller sample with cord adducts, the associations between outcomes and high cord adduct exposure were not statistically significant (N = 162).

Conclusion

The results suggest that exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons encountered in New York City air may play a role in childhood Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder behavior problems.
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids of Both the Omega-3 and the Omega-6 Family Abrogate the Cytokine-Induced Upregulation of miR-29a-3p by Endothelial Cells
Creators: name: Maucher, Daniel
name: Schmidt, Birte
name: Kuhlmann, Kevin
name: Schumann, Julia
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: endothelial dysfunction
subject: miRNA
subject: docosahexaenoic acid
subject: arachidonic acid
subject: 600

description: Cellular processes fundamentally depend on protein expression control. At this, protein expression is regulated on the transcriptional and the post-transcriptional level. PUFAs are already known to affect gene transcription. The present study was conducted to answer the question whether PUFAs are also able to impact on the miRNA-mediated post-transcriptional fine-tuning of mRNAcopy numbers. To this end, cellular miRNA profiles were screened by means of next-generation sequencing and NanoString analysis to compare PUFA-enriched to unsupplemented endothelial cells exposed to an inflammatory milieu. Validation took place by droplet digital PCR, allowing for an absolute quantification of RNA copy numbers. The analyses revealed that the stimulation-induced upregulation of miR-29a-3p is blocked by PUFA enrichment of endothelial cells. What is more, mRNA copy numbers of miR-29a-3p targets, namely the coagulation factors PAI-1, TF, and vWF, as well as the proinflammatory cytokines IL-1 , IL-6, and IL-8, were reduced in PUFA-enriched endothelial cells compared to unsupplemented cells, counteracting the stimulatory e ect of an inflammatory environment. These data hint toward a new mechanism of action by which PUFAs modulate the functionality of endothelial cells. Apparently, the inflammation-modulating properties of PUFAs are also mediated at the post-transcriptional level.
Statistics and Classification of the Microwave Zebra Patterns Associated with Solar Flares
Creators: name: Tan, Baolin
name: Tan, Chengming
name: Zhang, Yin
name: Meszarosova, H.
name: Karlicky, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The microwave zebra pattern (ZP) is the most interesting, intriguing, and complex spectral structure frequently observed in solar flares. A comprehensive statistical study will certainly help us to understand the formation mechanism, which is not exactly clear now. This work presents a comprehensive statistical analysis on a big sample with 202 ZP events collected from observations at the Chinese Solar Broadband Radio Spectrometer at Huairou and the Ondrejov Radiospectrograph in Czech Republic at frequencies of 1.00 - 7.60 GHz during 2000 - 2013. After investigating the parameter properties of ZPs, such as the occurrence in flare phase, frequency range, polarization degree, duration, etc., we find that the variation of zebra stripe frequency separation with respect to frequency is the best indicator for a physical classification of ZPs. Microwave ZPs can be classified into 3 types: equidistant ZP, variable-distant ZP, and growing-distant ZP, possibly corresponding to mechanisms of Bernstein wave model, whistler wave model, and double plasma resonance model, respectively. This statistical classification may help us to clarify the controversies between the existing various theoretical models, and understand the physical processes in the source regions.
description: 13 pages,3 figures, 2 tables, accepted by ApJ, 2013
British Columbia Legislative Assembly sessional clipping book (1916-06)
Creators: name: :Unav
Publisher: name: University of Victoria Libraries
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Law
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/993678
subject: FOS: Law
subject: Politics and government
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1919741
subject: British Columbia. Legislative Assembly
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/600765

description: These Sessional Clippings books cover the period 1891 to 1972, and include newspaper accounts written by various legislative reporters who covered debates occurring in the British Columbia Legislative Assembly. Transcripts of debates of the Legislative Assembly (Hansard) were not published in B.C. until 1970; hence these "Sessional Clipping Books" augment the "Journals", the record of daily proceedings of the Legislative Assembly. Selected clippings from various newspapers including the Vancouver Sun, the Vancouver Province, the Colonist, and the Times newspapers, relating to the newspaper reports concerning activities of the Legislature. The original sessional clippings books comprise 351 ledger size print volumes, held at the Legislative Library in Victoria BC. The print volumes were microfilmed onto 26 reels in 1977 under a Tri University Libraries (TRIUL) project by Precision Micrographic Services (Vancouver, B.C.), with the permission of the Legislative Library, Victoria, British Columbia. This digital collection was created by scanning the 26 microfilm reels.
Flipping Information through Clouds
Creators: name: Thangiah, Raja
name: A., Michael J. Leo
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2025
Subjects: classificationCode: 461006
subject: Library studies
classificationCode: 390405
subject: Educational technology and computing
classificationCode: 390307
subject: Teacher education and professional development of educators

description: Cloud computing is a model for enabling ubiquitous, convenient, on-demand network access to a sharedpool of configurable computing resources (e.g., networks, servers, storage, applications, and services) that canbe rapidly provisioned and released with minimal management effort or service provider interaction. This cloudmodel is composed of five essential characteristics, three service models, and four deployment models. In thispaper discussing the concepts like cloud computing, MS-Office One Note, M-Learning, Google Drive, I-PadComputing, 3D Printing Technologies, Gamification of Learning, for disseminating the information widely anddigital media.
The Mpumalanga Men's Study (MPMS): Results of a Baseline Biological and Behavioral HIV Surveillance Survey in Two MSM Communities in South Africa
Creators: name: Lane, Tim
name: Osmand, Thomas
name: Marr, Alexander
name: Shade, Starley B.
name: Dunkle, Kristin
name: Sandfort, Theodorus G.
name: Struthers, Helen
name: Kegeles, Susan
name: McIntyre, James A.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2014
Subjects: HIV infections—Prevention
HIV infections--Diagnosis
Gay men--Health and hygiene
Epidemiology
Medical sciences

description: The Mpumalanga Men's Study (MPMS) is the assessment of the Project Boithato HIV prevention intervention for South African MSM. Boithato aims to increase consistent condom use, regular testing for HIV-negative MSM, and linkage to care for HIV-positive MSM. The MPMS baseline examined HIV prevalence and associated risk behaviors, and testing, care, and treatment behaviors among MSM in Gert Sibande and Ehlanzeni districts in Mpumalanga province, South Africa in order to effectively target intervention activities. We recruited 307 MSM in Gert Sibande and 298 in Ehlanzeni through respondent-driven sampling (RDS) between September 2012-March 2013. RDS-adjusted HIV prevalence estimates are 28.3% (95% CI 21.1%–35.3%) in Gert Sibande, and 13.7% (95% CI 9.1%–19.6%) in Ehlanzeni. Prevalence is significantly higher among MSM over age 25 [57.8% (95% CI 43.1%–72.9%) vs. 17.9% (95% CI 10.6%–23.9%), P<0.001 in Gert Sibande; 34.5% (95%CI 20.5%–56.0%) vs. 9.1% (95% CI 4.6%–13.9%), P<0.001 in Ehlanzeni]. In Gert Sibande, prevalence is higher among self-identified gay and transgender MSM vs. other MSM [39.3% (95%CI, 28.3%–47.9%), P<0.01], inconsistent condom users [38.1% (18.1%–64.2%), P<0.05], those with a current regular male partner [35.0% (27.1%–46.4%), P<0.05], and those with lifetime experience of intimate partner violence with men [40.4%, (95%CI 28.9%–50.9%), P<0.05]. Prevalence of previous HIV testing was 65.8% (95%CI 58.8%–74.0%) in Gert Sibande, and 69.3% (95%CI 61.9%–76.8%) in Ehlanzeni. Regular HIV testing was uncommon [(34.6%, (95%CI 27.9%–41.4%) in Gert Sibande; 31.0% (95%CI 24.9%–37.8%) in Ehlanzeni]. Among HIV-positive participants, few knew their status (28.1% in Gert Sibande and 14.5% in Ehlanzeni), or were appropriately linked to care (18.2% and 11.3%, respectively), or taking antiretroviral therapy (13.6% and 9.6% respectively). MPMS results demonstrate the importance of implementing interventions for MSM to increase consistent condom use, regular HIV testing, and linkage and engagement in care for HIV-infected MSM.
Time Series Analysis of Trends in Malaria Cases and Deaths at Hospitals and the Effect of Antimalarial Interventions, 2001–2011, Ethiopia
Creators: name: Aregawi, Maru
name: Lynch, Michael
name: Bekele, Worku
name: Kebede, Henok
name: Jima, Daddi
name: Taffese, Hiwot Solomon
name: Yenehun, Meseret Aseffa
name: Lilay, Abraham
name: Williams, Ryan
name: Thomson, Madeleine C.
name: Nafo-Traore, Fatoumata
name: Admasu, Kesetebirhan
name: Gebreyesus, Tedros Adhanom
name: Coosemans, Marc
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2014
Subjects: Insecticide-treated mosquito nets
Malaria--Epidemiology
Epidemiology
Medical sciences

description: Background

The Government of Ethiopia and its partners have deployed artemisinin-based combination therapies (ACT) since 2004 and long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs) since 2005. Malaria interventions and trends in malaria cases and deaths were assessed at hospitals in malaria transmission areas during 2001–2011.

Methods

Regional LLINs distribution records were used to estimate the proportion of the population-at-risk protected by LLINs. Hospital records were reviewed to estimate ACT availability. Time-series analysis was applied to data from 41 hospitals in malaria risk areas to assess trends of malaria cases and deaths during pre-intervention (2001–2005) and post-interventions (2006–2011) periods.

Findings

The proportion of the population-at-risk potentially protected by LLINs increased to 51% in 2011. The proportion of facilities with ACTs in stock exceeded 87% during 2006–2011. Among all ages, confirmed malaria cases in 2011 declined by 66% (95% confidence interval [CI], 44–79%) and SPR by 37% (CI, 20%–51%) compared to the level predicted by pre-intervention trends. In children under 5 years of age, malaria admissions and deaths fell by 81% (CI, 47%–94%) and 73% (CI, 48%–86%) respectively. Optimal breakpoint of the trendlines occurred between January and June 2006, consistent with the timing of malaria interventions. Over the same period, non-malaria cases and deaths either increased or remained unchanged, the number of malaria diagnostic tests performed reflected the decline in malaria cases, and rainfall remained at levels supportive of malaria transmission.

Conclusions

Malaria cases and deaths in Ethiopian hospitals decreased substantially during 2006–2011 in conjunction with scale-up of malaria interventions. The decrease could not be accounted for by changes in hospital visits, malaria diagnostic testing or rainfall. However, given the history of variable malaria transmission in Ethiopia, more data would be required to exclude the possibility that the decrease is due to other factors.
Liquid to solid nucleation via onion structure droplets
Creators: name: Barros, Kipton
name: Klein, W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study homogeneous nucleation from a deeply quenched metastable liquid to a spatially modulated phase. We find, for a general class of density functional theories, that the universally favored nucleating droplet in dimensions $d \geq 3$ is spherically symmetric with radial modulations resembling the layers of an onion. The existence of this droplet has important implications for systems with effective long-range interactions, and potentially applies to polymers, plasmas, and metals.
PO and PN in the wind of the oxygen-rich AGB star IK Tau
Creators: name: De Beck, E.
name: Kamiński, T.
name: Patel, N. A.
name: Young, K. H.
name: Gottlieb, C. A.
name: Menten, K. M.
name: Decin, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Phosphorus-bearing compounds have only been studied in the circumstellar environments (CSEs) of the asymptotic giant branch (AGB) star IRC +10216 and the protoplanetary nebula CRL 2688, both C-rich objects, and the O-rich red supergiant VY CMa. The current chemical models cannot reproduce the high abundances of PO and PN derived from observations of VY CMa. No observations have been reported of phosphorus in the CSEs of O-rich AGB stars. We aim to set observational constraints on the phosphorous chemistry in the CSEs of O-rich AGB stars, by focussing on the Mira-type variable star IK Tau. Using the IRAM 30m telescope and the Submillimeter Array (SMA), we observed four rotational transitions of PN (J=2-1,3-2,6-5,7-6) and four of PO (J=5/2-3/2,7/2-5/2,13/2-11/2,15/2-13/2). The IRAM 30m observations were dedicated line observations, while the SMA data come from an unbiased spectral survey in the frequency range 279-355 GHz. We present the first detections of PN and PO in an O-rich AGB star and estimate abundances X(PN/H2) of about 3x10^-7 and X(PO/H2) in the range 0.5-6.0x10^-7. This is several orders of magnitude higher than what is found for the C-rich AGB star IRC +10216. The diameter (<=0.7") of the PN and PO emission distributions measured in the interferometric data corresponds to a maximum radial extent of about 40 stellar radii. The abundances and the spatial occurrence of the molecules are in very good agreement with the results reported for VY CMa. We did not detect PS or PH3 in the survey. We suggest that PN and PO are the main carriers of phosphorus in the gas phase, with abundances possibly up to several 10^-7. The current chemical models cannot account for this, underlining the strong need for updated chemical models that include phosphorous compounds.
description: Accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysics, 10 pages, 8 figures
Case Study: Understanding Solar Power Adoption in the United States
Creators: name: Cohen, Steven Alan
name: Martinez, Hayley
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2014
Subjects: Energy policy
Subsidies
Solar energy
Power resources

description: Solar energy use has grown substantially in recent years both in the United States and globally. The first solar battery was developed in 1954 by Bell Labs, and large scale solar plants began popping up in the 1980s and 1990s, but it wasn’t until the early 2000s that solar technology gained significantly in popularity. Two factors made this possible: a) new financial models that made solar technology more affordable and b) government subsidies for solar energy.
Unified Performance Analysis of Orthogonal Transmit Beamforming Methods with User Selection
Creators: name: Ozyurt, Serdar
name: Torlak, Murat
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Simultaneous multiuser beamforming in multiantenna downlink channels can entail dirty paper (DP) precoding (optimal and high complexity) or linear precoding (suboptimal and low complexity) approaches. The system performance is typically characterized by the sum capacity with homogenous users with perfect channel state information at the transmitter. The sum capacity performance analysis requires the exact probability distributions of the user signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs) or signal-to-interference plus noise ratios (SINRs). The standard techniques from order statistics can be sufficient to obtain the probability distributions of SNRs for DP precoding due to the removal of known interference at the transmitter. Derivation of such probability distributions for linear precoding techniques on the other hand is much more challenging. For example, orthogonal beamforming techniques do not completely cancel the interference at the user locations, thereby requiring the analysis with SINRs. In this paper, we derive the joint probability distributions of the user SINRs for two orthogonal beamforming methods combined with user scheduling: adaptive orthogonal beamforming and orthogonal linear beamforming. We obtain compact and unified solutions for the joint probability distributions of the scheduled users' SINRs. Our analytical results can be applied for similar algorithms and are verified by computer simulations.
description: 12 pages, 5 figures, 2 tables
Cost-effectiveness of secondary screening modalities for hypertension
Creators: name: Wang, Claire
name: Koval, Alisa M.
name: Nakamura, Miyabi
name: Newman, Jonathan D.
name: Schwartz, Joseph E.
name: Stone, Patricia W.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2013
Subjects: Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring
Hypertension--Diagnosis
Medical care--Cost effectiveness
Medical sciences
Medicine

description: Background: Clinic-based blood pressure (CBP) has been the default approach for the diagnosis of hypertension, but patients may be misclassified because of masked hypertension (false negative) or ‘white coat’ hypertension (false positive). The incorporation of other diagnostic modalities, such as home blood pressure monitoring (HBPM) and ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM), holds promise to improve diagnostic accuracy and subsequent treatment decisions.

Materials and methods: We reviewed the literature on the costs and cost-effectiveness of adding HBPM and ABPM to routine blood pressure screening in adults. We excluded letters, editorials, and studies of pregnant and/or pre-eclamptic patients, children, and patients with specific conditions (e.g. diabetes).

Results: We identified 14 original, English language studies that included cost outcomes and compared two or more modalities. ABPM was found to be cost saving for diagnostic confirmation following an elevated CBP in six studies. Three of four studies found that adding HBPM to an elevated CBP was also cost-effective.

Conclusion: Existing evidence supports the cost-effectiveness of incorporating HBPM or ABPM after an initial CBP-based diagnosis of hypertension. Future research should focus on their implementation in clinical practice, long-term economic values, and potential roles in identifying masked hypertension.
Are there consequences of labeling patients with prehypertension? An experimental study of effects on blood pressure and quality of life
Creators: name: Spruill, Tanya M.
name: Feltheimer, Seth D.
name: Harlapur, Manjunath
name: Schwartz, Joseph E.
name: Ogedegbe, Gbenga
name: Park, Youngjun
name: Gerin, William
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2013
Subjects: Quality of life
Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring
Hypertension
Medical sciences
Medicine

description: Objective
The prehypertension classification was introduced to facilitate prevention efforts among patients at increased risk for hypertension. Although patients who have been told that they have hypertension report worse outcomes than unaware hypertensives, little is known about whether or not prehypertension labeling has negative effects. We evaluated the effects of labeling individuals with prehypertension on blood pressure and health-related quality of life three months later.

Methods
One hundred adults (aged 19 to 82 [mean=40.0] years; 54% women; 64% racial/ethnic minorities) with screening blood pressure in the prehypertensive range (120–139/80–89 mm Hg) and no history of diagnosis or treatment of elevated blood pressure were randomly assigned to either a “Labeled” group in which they were informed of their prehypertension, or an “Unlabeled” group in which they were not informed. Subjects underwent office blood pressure measurement, 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring and completed self-report questionnaires at baseline and at three months.

Results
Multilevel mixed effects regression analyses indicated that changes in the white coat effect, office blood pressure, mean daytime ambulatory blood pressure, and physical and mental health did not differ significantly between the two groups. Adjusting for age, sex, race/ethnicity and body mass index did not affect the results.

Conclusion
These findings suggest that labeling patients with prehypertension does not have negative effects on blood pressure or quality of life. Additional research is needed to develop approaches to communicating with patients about their blood pressure that will maximize the clinical and public health impact of the prehypertension classification.
Tomography of band insulators from quench dynamics
Creators: name: Hauke, Philipp
name: Lewenstein, Maciej
name: Eckardt, André
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a simple scheme for tomography of band-insulating states in one- and two-dimensional optical lattices with two sublattice states. In particular, the scheme maps out the Berry curvature in the entire Brillouin zone and extracts topological invariants such as the Chern number. The measurement relies on observing---via time-of-flight imaging---the time evolution of the momentum distribution following a sudden quench in the band structure. We consider two examples of experimental relevance: the Harper model with $π$-flux and the Haldane model on a honeycomb lattice. Moreover, we illustrate the performance of the scheme in the presence of a parabolic trap, noise, and finite measurement resolution.
description: v2: 5+5 pages, 3+5 figures; added analytical and numerical results for the presence of a harmonic confinement. v3: Minor changes; as accepted in PRL
Supplementary Material for Optimization Strategies for Quantum Computers in Distributed Systems
Creators: name: Remme, Lian
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: The Quil code, control flow graphs (CFGs), data-dependence graphs (DDGs) and optimization results of the master's thesis “Optimization Strategies for Quantum Computers in Distributed Systems”.

Corresponding publication:

@mastersthesis{Remme2025,  author  = {Remme, Lian},  title   = {Optimization Strategies for Quantum Computers in Distributed Systems},  school  = {Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf},  year    = {2025},  month   = {2}}

Corresponding GitHub repository: https://github.com/LiRem101/parser-analyser
The targum (1933:Apr. 1 - 1933:Apr. 29)
Creators: name: No Name Supplied
Publisher: name: Targum Association
Year: 1933

description: Some University historians indicate that the Targum was first published as an annual in 1867, but of this we have no extant evidence. In January 1869, the Targum as we now know it, made its appearance as a monthly paper that concerned itself with student “literary contributions” and college news as well as serving as a vehicle for bringing news to alumni and the general public. The newspaper, which originally was for sale, varied in frequency over the years as did its title (The Targum, Rutgers Targum, Rutgers Daily Targum, and Daily Targum). The newspaper has continuously been published since 1869 with the exception of 19 months during the second world war, between February 1944 and October 1945. The Targum was published by the students of Rutgers College, and later Rutgers University—New Brunswick represented through the years as the Targum Association, Rutgers Targum Association, and Rutgers College Targum. As a student organization, the Targum operated under the oversight of the dean of students and student government but in October 1980, the Targum became an independent college paper.
Diplomys Thomas 1916
Creators: name: Honacki, James H.
name: Kinman, Kenneth E.
name: Koeppl, James W.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1982
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Rodentia
Echimyidae
Diplomys

description: Diplomys Thomas, 1916. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 8, 18:240. ISIS NUMBER: 5301410029004000000.
description: Published as part of James H. Honacki, Kenneth E. Kinman & James W. Koeppl, 1982, Order Rodentia (Part 6), pp. 560-594 in Mammal Species of the World (1 st Edition), Lawrence, Kansas, USA :Alien Press, Inc. & The Association of Systematics Collections on page 586, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7353039
The targum (1933:Mar. 1 - 1933:Mar. 29)
Creators: name: No Name Supplied
Publisher: name: Targum Association
Year: 1933

description: Some University historians indicate that the Targum was first published as an annual in 1867, but of this we have no extant evidence. In January 1869, the Targum as we now know it, made its appearance as a monthly paper that concerned itself with student “literary contributions” and college news as well as serving as a vehicle for bringing news to alumni and the general public. The newspaper, which originally was for sale, varied in frequency over the years as did its title (The Targum, Rutgers Targum, Rutgers Daily Targum, and Daily Targum). The newspaper has continuously been published since 1869 with the exception of 19 months during the second world war, between February 1944 and October 1945. The Targum was published by the students of Rutgers College, and later Rutgers University—New Brunswick represented through the years as the Targum Association, Rutgers Targum Association, and Rutgers College Targum. As a student organization, the Targum operated under the oversight of the dean of students and student government but in October 1980, the Targum became an independent college paper.
Associations of Trauma Exposure and Posttraumatic Stress Symptoms With Venous Thromboembolism Over 22 Years in Women
Creators: name: Sumner, Jennifer A.
name: Kubzansky, Laura D.
name: Kabrhel, Christopher
name: Roberts, Andrea L.
name: Chen, Qixuan
name: Winning, Ashley
name: Gilsanz, Paola
name: Rimm, Eric B.
name: Glymour, Maria M.
name: Koenen, Karestan C.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Post-traumatic stress disorder
subject: Pulmonary embolism
subject: Thrombosis
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: Medical sciences

description: Background Trauma exposure and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) have been linked to myocardial infarction and stroke in women, with biological and behavioral mechanisms implicated in underlying risk. The third most common cardiovascular illness, venous thromboembolism (VTE), is a specific health risk for women. Given previous associations with other cardiovascular diseases, we hypothesized that high levels of trauma and PTSD symptoms would be associated with higher risk of incident VTE in younger and middle‐aged women.

Methods and Results We used proportional hazards models to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% CIs for new‐onset VTE (960 events) over 22 years in 49 296 women in the Nurses’ Health Study II. Compared to no trauma exposure, both trauma exposure and PTSD symptoms were significantly associated with increased risk of developing VTE, adjusting for demographics, family history, and childhood adiposity. Women with the most PTSD symptoms exhibited the greatest risk elevation: trauma/6 to 7 symptoms: HR=2.42 (95% CI, 1.83–3.20); trauma/4 to 5 symptoms: HR=2.00 (95% CI, 1.55–2.59); trauma/1 to 3 symptoms: HR=1.44 (95% CI, 1.12–1.84); trauma/no symptoms: HR=1.72 (95% CI, 1.43–2.08). Results were similar, although attenuated, when adjusting for VTE‐relevant medications, medical conditions, and health behaviors.

Conclusions Women with the highest PTSD symptom levels had nearly a 2‐fold increased risk of VTE compared to women without trauma exposure in fully adjusted models. Trauma exposure alone was also associated with elevated VTE risk. Trauma and PTSD symptoms may be associated with a hypercoagulable state. Treatment providers should be aware that women with trauma exposure and PTSD symptoms may be vulnerable to VTE.
Towards a Probabilistic Framework for Analyzing and Improving LLM-Enabled Software
Creators: name: Baldonado, Juan Manuel
name: Bonomo-Braberman, Flavia
name: Braberman, Víctor Adrián
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: D.2.5; D.2.4; I.2.7

description: Ensuring the reliability and verifiability of large language model (LLM)-enabled systems remains a significant challenge in software engineering. We propose a probabilistic framework for systematically analyzing and improving these systems by modeling and refining distributions over clusters of semantically equivalent outputs. This framework facilitates the evaluation and iterative improvement of Transference Models--key software components that utilize LLMs to transform inputs into outputs for downstream tasks. To illustrate its utility, we apply the framework to the autoformalization problem, where natural language documentation is transformed into formal program specifications. Our case illustrates how distribution-aware analysis enables the identification of weaknesses and guides focused alignment improvements, resulting in more reliable and interpretable outputs. This principled approach offers a foundation for addressing critical challenges in the development of robust LLM-enabled systems.
Quadratic Twists of Elliptic Curves with 3-Selmer Rank 1
Creators: name: Li, Zane Kun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14H52, 11G05

description: A weaker form of a 1979 conjecture of Goldfeld states that for every elliptic curve $E/\mathbb{Q}$, a positive proportion of its quadratic twists $E^{(d)}$ have rank 1. Using tools from Galois cohomology, we give criteria on E and d which force a positive proportion of the quadratic twists of E to have 3-Selmer rank 1 and global root number -1. We then give four nonisomorphic infinite families of elliptic curves $E_{m, n}$ which satisfy these criteria. Conditional on the rank part of the Birch and Swinnerton-Dyer conjecture, this verifies the aforementioned conjecture for infinitely many elliptic curves. Our elliptic curves are easy to give explicitly and we state precisely which quadratic twists d to use. Furthermore, our methods have the potential of being generalized to elliptic curves over other number fields.
description: 21 pages, to appear in IJNT
Emphysema Predicts Hospitalisation and Incident Airflow Obstruction among Older Smokers: A Prospective Cohort Study
Creators: name: McAllister, David A.
name: Ahmed, Firas S.
name: Austin, John H. M.
name: Henschke, Claudia I.
name: Keller, Brad M.
name: Lemeshow, Adina R.
name: Reeves, Anthony P.
name: Mesia-Vela, Sonia
name: Pearson, Gregory D. N.
name: Shiau, Maria C.
name: Schwartz, Joseph E.
name: Yankelevitz, David F.
name: Barr, R. Graham
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2014
Subjects: Lungs--Diseases, Obstructive
Hospital utilization--Forecasting
Emphysema, Pulmonary
Medical sciences
Medicine

description: Background

Emphysema on CT is common in older smokers. We hypothesised that emphysema on CT predicts acute episodes of care for chronic lower respiratory disease among older smokers.

Materials and Methods

Participants in a lung cancer screening study age ≥60 years were recruited into a prospective cohort study in 2001–02. Two radiologists independently visually assessed the severity of emphysema as absent, mild, moderate or severe. Percent emphysema was defined as the proportion of voxels ≤ −910 Hounsfield Units. Participants completed a median of 5 visits over a median of 6 years of follow-up. The primary outcome was hospitalization, emergency room or urgent office visit for chronic lower respiratory disease. Spirometry was performed following ATS/ERS guidelines. Airflow obstruction was defined as FEV1/FVC ratio <0.70 and FEV1<80% predicted.

Results

Of 521 participants, 4% had moderate or severe emphysema, which was associated with acute episodes of care (rate ratio 1.89; 95% CI: 1.01–3.52) adjusting for age, sex and race/ethnicity, as was percent emphysema, with similar associations for hospitalisation. Emphysema on visual assessment also predicted incident airflow obstruction (HR 5.14; 95% CI 2.19–21.1).

Conclusion

Visually assessed emphysema and percent emphysema on CT predicted acute episodes of care for chronic lower respiratory disease, with the former predicting incident airflow obstruction among older smokers.
Spinoza
Creators: name: PsykoSapiens
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: Il testo propone una radicale rivisitazione dell'autenticità, superando la dicotomia tra pensiero e volontà. "Essere ciò che si vuole" significa che l'essere non è separato dal desiderio, ma è un'espressione naturale dell'esistenza. "Dire ciò che è il pensiero non pensato" sfida la razionalità, proponendo un linguaggio che emerge direttamente dall'essere viscerale, senza mediazioni intellettuali. In questo nuovo paradigma, l'autenticità non è un ideale da raggiungere, ma una condizione da vivere, dove essere e dire si fondono in un'unica manifestazione dell'essenza.
Stratification-induced scale splitting in convection
Creators: name: Shcheritsa, O. V.
name: Getling, A. V.
name: Mazhorova, O. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The coexistence of motions on various scales is a remarkable feature of solar convection, which should be taken into account in analyses of the dynamics of magnetic fields. Therefore, it is important to investigate the factors responsible for the observed multiscale structure of solar convection. In this study, an attempt is made to understand how the scales of convective motions are affected by the particularities of the static temperature stratification of a fluid layer. To this end, simple models are considered. The equations of two-dimensional thermal convection are solved numerically for a plane horizontal fluid layer heated from below, in an extended Boussinesq approximation that admits thermal-diffusivity variations. These variations specify the stratification of the layer. The static temperature gradient in a thin sublayer near the upper surface of the layer is assumed to be many times larger than in the remainder of the layer. In some cases, distributed heat sinks are assumed to produce a stably stratified region overlying the convective layer. Manifestations of the scale-splitting effect are noted, which depend on the boundary conditions and stratification; {it becomes more pronounced with the increase of the Rayleigh number.} Small-scale convection cells are advected by larger-scale flows. In particular, the phase trajectories of fluid particles indicate the presence of complex attractors, which reflect the multiscale structure of the flow. The effect of the stably stratified upper sublayer on the flow scales is also considered.
description: 13 pages, 10 figures
Allograft rejection and tubulointerstitial fibrosis in human kidney allografts: Interrogation by urinary cell mRNA profiling
Creators: name: Muthukumar, Thangamani
name: Lee, John R.
name: Dadhania, Darshana M.
name: Ding, Ruchuang
name: Sharma, Vijay K.
name: Schwartz, Joseph E.
name: Suthanthiran, Manikkam
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2014
Subjects: Polymerase chain reaction
Homografts
Gene expression
Kidneys--Transplantation
Medical sciences
Surgery
Molecular biology

description: Because the kidney allograft has the potential to function as an in-vivo flow cytometer and facilitate the access of immune cells and kidney parenchymal cells in to the urinary space, we hypothesized that mRNA profiling of urinary cells offers a noninvasive means of assessing the kidney allograft status. We overcame the inherent challenges of urinary cell mRNA profiling by developing pre-amplification protocols to compensate for low RNA yield from urinary cells and by developing robust protocols for absolute quantification mRNAs using RT-PCR assays. Armed with these tools, we undertook first single-center studies urinary cell mRNA profiling and then embarked on the multicenter Clinical Trials in Organ Transplantation-04 study of kidney transplant recipients. We report here our discovery and validation of diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers of acute cellular rejection and of interstitial fibrosis and tubular atrophy (IF/TA). Our urinary cell mRNA profiling studies, in addition to demonstrating the feasibility of accurate diagnosis of acute cellular rejection and IF/TA in the kidney allograft, advance mechanistic and potentially targetable biomarkers. Interventional trials, guided by urinary cell mRNA profiles, may lead to personalized immunosuppression in recipients of kidney allografts.
X-ray photodesorption and proton destruction in protoplanetary disks: pyrimidine
Creators: name: Mendoza, E.
name: Almeida, G. C.
name: Andrade, D. P. P
name: Luna, H.
name: Wolff, W.
name: Rocco, M. L. M.
name: Boechat-Roberty, H. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The organic compounds HCN and C2H2, present in protoplanetary disks, may react to form precursor molecules of the nucleobases, such as the pyrimidine molecule, C4H4N2. Depending on the temperature in a given region of the disk, molecules are in the gas phase or condensed onto grain surfaces. The action of X-ray photons and MeV protons, emitted by the young central star, may lead to several physical and chemical processes in such prestellar environments. In this work we have experimentally investigated the ionization, dissociation and desorption processes of pyrimidine in the condensed and the gas phase stimulated by soft X-rays and protons, respectively. Pyrimidine was frozen at temperatures below 130 K and irradiated with X-rays at energies from 394 to 427 eV. In the gas phase experiment, a pyrimidine effusive jet at room temperature was bombarded with protons of 2.5 MeV. In both experiments, the time-of-flight mass-spectrometry technique was employed. Partial photodesorption ion yields as a function of the X-ray photon energy for ions such as C3H2+, HC3NH+ and C4H+ were determined. The experimental results were applied to conditions of the protoplanetary disk of TW Hydra star. Assuming three density profiles of molecular hydrogen, 1 x 10^6, 1 x 10^7 and 1 x 10^8 cm^-3, we determined HC3NH+ ion-production rates of the order of 10^-31 up to 10^-8 ions cm^-3 s^-1. Integrating over 1 x 10^6 yr, HC3NH^+ column density values, ranging from 3.47 x 10^9 to 1.29 x 10^13 cm^-2, were obtained as a function of the distance from central star. The optical depth is the main variable that affects ions production. In addition, computational simulations were used to determine the kinetic energies of ions desorbed from pyrimidine ice distributed between ~ 7 and 15 eV.
description: 13 pages, 9 figures, 6 tables