cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
New models of reflection spectra for terrestrial exoplanets: Present and prebiotic Earth orbiting around stars of different spectral types
Creators: name: Singla, Manika
name: Sengupta, Sujan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In order to recognize a habitable exoplanet from future observed spectra, we present new model reflected spectra and geometric albedo for modern and prebiotic (3.9 Ga) Earth-like exoplanets orbiting within the habitable zone of stars of spectral types F, G, K and M. We compute this for various atmospheric and surface compositions of the planets. Molecules that are potential biosignatures and act as greenhouse agents are incorporated in our model atmosphere. Various combinations of solid and liquid materials such as ocean, coast, land consisting of trees, grass, sand or rocks determine the surface albedo of the planet. Geometric albedo and model reflected spectra for a set of nine potential habitable planets, including Proxima Centauri b, TRAPPIST-1d, Kepler-1649c and Teegarden's Star-b, are also presented. We employ the opacity data derived by using the open-source package Exo-Transmit and adopt different atmospheric Temperature-Pressure profiles depending on the properties of the terrestrial exoplanets. The model reflected spectra are constructed by numerically solving the multiple scattering radiative transfer equations. We verified our model reflected spectra for a few specific cases by comparing with those published by other researchers. We demonstrate that prebiotic Earth-like exoplanets and present Earth-like exoplanets with increased amount of greenhouse gases in their atmospheres scatter more starlight in the optical. We also present the transmission spectra for modern and prebiotic Earth-like exoplanets with cloudy and cloudless atmospheres.
description: Accepted for publication in New Astronomy Journal, 51 pages, 17 figures
Micronycteris brachyotis
Creators: name: Koopman, Karl F.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1993
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Chiroptera
Phyllostomidae
Micronycteris
Micronycteris brachyotis

description: Micronycteris brachyotis (Dobson, 1879). Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 1878:880 [1879]. TYPE LOCALITY: French Guiana, Cayenne. DISTRIBUTION: Oaxaca (Mexico) to French Guiana and Brazil; Trinidad. SYNONYMS: platyceps. COMMENTS: Subgenus Lampronycteris. Includes platyceps; see Jones and Carter (1976:9). See Medellin et al. (1985, Mammalian Species, 251).
description: Published as part of Karl F. Koopman, 1993, Order Chiroptera, pp. 137-241 in Mammal Species of the World (2 nd Edition), Washington and London :Smithsonian Institution Press on page 178, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7353060
description: {"references": ["Jones, J. K., Jr., and D. C. Carter. 1976. Annotated checklist, with keys to subfamilies and genera. Part I. Pp. 7 - 38, in Biology of bats of the New World family Phyllostomatidae. Part I (R. J. Baker, J. K. Jones, Jr., and D. C. Carter, eds.). Special Publications, The Museum, Texas Tech University Press, 10: 1 - 218.", "Medellin, R. A., D. E. Wilson, and D. Navarro L. 1985. Micronycteris brachyotis. Mammalian Species, 251: 1 - 4."]}
Investigations and Modeling for Mechanical Scribing of CIGS Thin Film Solar Cells
Creators: name: Bahl, S.
name: Kaufmann, K.
name: Schoenfelder, S.
name: Bagdahn, J.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2013
Subjects: THIN FILM SOLAR CELLS
CdTe, CIS and Related Ternary and Quaternary Thin Film Solar Cells

description: 28th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 2430-2434
description: Despite of all research attempts to optimize materials and efficiency the mass production of CIGS thin
film solar cells is still employing to obtain P2 and P3 structures which are required to achieve the monolithic serial
interconnection between neighboring cells. However, mechanical scribing results in random lift-offs and chipping,
remaining material at the chip-off locations and increased non-productive area ‘dead zone’ there by resulting in the
loss of active solar cell area. Moreover, the non-deterministic nature of the material removal mechanism yields wide,
irregular scribe lines that necessitate large spacing between adjacent scribes. As a result, the CIGS modules suffer
decreased efficiency. The key challenge will be how to reduce this loss of power generation and enhance the
performance of the patterning processes. In this work the mechanical scribing of CIGS thin film solar cells was
investigated by experimental and numerical methods. In the experimental investigation mechanical scribing of CIGS
solar cell is done with the help of a tungsten needle and finally a half-symmetric Finite Element model for the crack
initiation is presented for the numerical analysis of the mechanical scribing process. The initial crack probably
propagates very close to the contact point between the spherical tip and the CIGS layer specimen and forms a circular
crack before lift-off which is representing the scribe.
Beliefs about and experiences of general practitioner support by women victims of domestic violence
Creators: name: Taft, Angela.
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2022

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
A Search for Chemical Anomalies of Seven A-types Stars
Creators: name: Nasolo, Yahya
name: Çalışkan, Şeyma
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a chemical abundance analysis of seven A-type stars with no detailed chemical abundance measurements in the literature. High-resolution spectra of the targets HD 2924, HD 4321, HD 26553, HD 125658, HD 137928, HD 154713, and HD 159834 were obtained using the Coude Echelle Spectrograph at the TUBITAK National Observatory. We determined the atmospheric abundances of the samples and measured the elemental abundances of C, N, O, Na, Mg, Al, Si, S, K, Ca, Sc, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Sr, Y, Zr, Ba, La, Ce, Nd, Sm, Eu, and Gd. The masses of the stars were estimated based on their evolutionary tracks, and their ages were calculated using isochrones. We also calculated the radii of the stars. The abundance patterns of HD 4321, HD 125658, and HD 154713 were found to be in agreement with those of classical Am stars, with underabundant Ca and Sc, overabundant heavier elements, and moderate overabundance of iron-peak elements. We found that HD 137928 and HD 159834 have similar abundance characteristics to marginal Am-type stars. The elemental distributions of HD 2924 and HD 26553 are consistent with the pattern of normal A-type stars. The iron, nickel, and zinc abundances of HD 125658 and HD 137928 are significantly higher than other Am stars. These values suggest that they are among the most metal-rich Am stars
First-Principles Calculations of Diffusions of Constituent Atoms in Cu2ZnSnS4 and Cu2ZnSnSe4
Creators: name: Maeda, T.
name: Nakamura, S.
name: Wada, T.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2013
Subjects: THIN FILM SOLAR CELLS
CdTe, CIS and Related Ternary and Quaternary Thin Film Solar Cells

description: 28th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 2366-2369
description: We have investigated the migration energies of constituent atoms of Cu, Zn, and Sn in Cu2ZnSnSe4 (CZTS) and
Cu2ZnSnSe4 (CZTSe) with a Cu vacancy by first-principles calculations. The activation energies of Cu, Zn, and Sn
migrations in CZTS and CZTSe were calculated by combining linear and quadratic synchronous transit (LST/QST) methods
and nudged elastic band (NEB) method. The calculated migration energies of Cu atom in CZTSe and CZTS are 0.97 and
1.12 eV, respectively. The migration energies of Cu atom in CZTSe and CZTS are nearly equal to that of Cu atom in CIS
(1.06 eV). The migration energies of Zn atom in CZTSe and CZTS are 1.15 and 1.35 eV, respectively. These values are a
little larger than those of Cu migration in CZTS and CZTSe, respectively. On the other hand, the migration energies of Sn
atom in CZTSe and CZTS are 2.50 and 2.94 eV, respectively. These values are considerably larger than those of Cu and Zn
atoms.
Ascending Boundaries: Visualizing Tree Migration in Izta-Popo's Changing Landscape
Creators: name: Vega, Armando
name: Bastien-Olvera, B. A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: This is a curated selection of both land and aerial photographs, vividly illustrating the upslope migration of trees in the Izta-Popo National Park. Although biome range shifts can typically only be observed over extended periods, these images encapsulate the very essence of ecological movement. Biome range shifts, driven by increased CO2 levels, global warming, and changing precipitation patterns associated with climate change, occur in ecosystems worldwide. This gallery shines a spotlight on the phenomenon as it manifests in the culturally significant alpine ecosystem near Mexico City. Capturing this shift is a complex endeavor. While these photographs convey a sense of movement, it's essential to understand that it's not individual trees that are migrating, but the entire ecosystem itself. This project is a collaboration between National Geographic Explorers Armando Vega (Photographer) and Bernie Bastien-Olvera (Researcher). Their combined perspectives shed light on a frequently overlooked phenomenon, underscoring its global social and economic implications.

 These photos are shared under Creative Commons License 4.0, meaning everyone is free to share and adapt as long as they attribute the photographer Armando Vega
Diffuse Low-Ionization Gas in the Galactic Halo Casts Doubts on $z\simeq 0.03$ WHIM Detections
Creators: name: Nicastro, F.
name: Senatore, F.
name: Gupta, A.
name: Mathur, S.
name: Krongold, Y.
name: Elvis, M.
name: Piro, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this Letter we demonstrate that the two claims of $z\simeq 0.03$ OVII K$α$ absorption lines from Warm Hot Intergalactic Medium (WHIM) along the lines of sight to the blazars H~2356-309 (Buote et al., 2009; Fang et al., 2010) and Mkn~501 (Ren, Fang \& Buote, 2014) are likely misidentifications of the $z=0$ OII K$β$ line produced by a diffuse Low-Ionization Metal Medium in the Galaxy's Interstellar and Circum-Galactic mediums. We perform detailed modeling of all the available high signal-to-noise Chandra LETG and XMM-Newton RGS spectra of H 2356-309 and Mkn 501 and demonstrate that the $z\simeq 0.03$ WHIM absorption along these two sightlines is statistically not required. Our results, however, do not rule out a small contribution from the $z\simeq 0.03$ OVII K$α$ absorber along the line of sight to H~2356-309. In our model the temperature of the putative $z = 0.031$ WHIM filament is T$= 3\times 10^5$ K and the OVII column density is N$_{OV II} \le 4\times 10^{15}$ cm$^{-2}$, twenty times smaller than the OVII column density previously reported, and now more consistent with the expectations from cosmological hydrodynamical simulations.
description: 6 pages, 2 figures, accepted by MNRAS (Letter)
Study of the Effect of Absorber Etching on the Back Contact Performance of CdTe Solar Cells
Creators: name: Rimmaudo, I.
name: Salavei, A.
name: Rossi, F.
name: Buffagni, E.
name: Ferrari, C.
name: Giarola, M.
name: Mariotto, G.
name: Romeo, A.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2013
Subjects: THIN FILM SOLAR CELLS
CdTe, CIS and Related Ternary and Quaternary Thin Film Solar Cells

description: 28th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 2389-2392
description: The application of copper in the CdTe back contact is believed to be crucial to form an ohmic contact
with CdTe. On the other hand it has actually shown other beneficial effects such as increasing the carriers
concentration, indeed the highest conversion efficiencies have been obtained only with copper insertion. However it
is not clear if this is due to a compensation reduction or to a formation of new defects in bulk CdTe. Moreover, the
role of the etching process is also very important, it is believed that a tellurium rich layer is formed which might react
with copper forming CuxTe. We have prepared CdTe devices with Cu/Au back contact on differently etched CdTe
surface and tested them by applying thermal, luminous and electrical stresses. The devices and their degradation
effects are studied by current-voltage, capacitance voltage, drive level capacitance profiling and admittance
spectroscopy characterization techniques and the etching effect is analyzed by Raman measurements.
Accurate strain measurements in highly strained Ge microbridges
Creators: name: Gassenq, A.
name: Tardif, S.
name: Guilloy, K.
name: Dias, G. Osvaldo
name: Pauc, N.
name: Duchemin, I.
name: Rouchon, D.
name: Hartmann, J-M.
name: Widiez, J.
name: Escalante, J.
name: Niquet, Y-M.
name: Geiger, R.
name: Zabel, T.
name: Sigg, H.
name: Faist, J.
name: Chelnokov, A.
name: Rieutord, F.
name: Reboud, V.
name: Calvo, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Ge under high strain is predicted to become a direct bandgap semiconductor. Very large deformations can be introduced using microbridge devices. However, at the microscale, strain values are commonly deduced from Raman spectroscopy using empirical linear models only established up to 1.2% for uniaxial stress. In this work, we calibrate the Raman-strain relation at higher strain using synchrotron based microdiffraction. The Ge microbridges show unprecedented high tensile strain up to 4.9 % corresponding to an unexpected 9.9 cm-1 Raman shift. We demonstrate experimentally and theoretically that the Raman strain relation is not linear and we provide a more accurate expression.
description: 10 pages, 4 figures
The occurrence rate of giant planets orbiting low-mass stars with TESS
Creators: name: Bryant, Edward M
name: Bayliss, Daniel
name: Van Eylen, Vincent
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a systematic search for transiting giant planets ($0.6 R_{\rm J} \leq R_{\rm P} \leq 2.0 R_{\rm J}$) orbiting nearby low-mass stars ($M_{*} \leq 0.71 M_{\odot}$). The formation of giant planets around low-mass stars is predicted to be rare by the core-accretion planet formation theory. We search 91,306 low-mass stars in the TESS 30 minute cadence photometry detecting fifteen giant planet candidates, including seven new planet candidates which were not known planets or identified as TOIs prior to our search. Our candidates present an exciting opportunity to improve our knowledge of the giant planet population around the lowest mass stars. We perform planet injection-recovery simulations and find that our pipeline has a high detection efficiency across the majority of our targeted parameter space. We measure the occurrence rates of giant planets with host stars in different stellar mass ranges spanning our full sample. We find occurrence rates of $0.137 \pm 0.097$% (0.088 - 0.26 $M_{\odot}$), $0.108 \pm 0.083$% (0.26 - 0.42 $M_{\odot}$), and $0.29 \pm 0.15$% (0.42 - 0.71 $M_{\odot}$). For our full sample (0.088 - 0.71 $M_{\odot}$) we find a giant planet occurrence rate of $0.194 \pm 0.072$%. We have measured for the first time the occurrence rate for giant planets orbiting stars with $M_{*} \leq 0.4 M_{\odot}$ and we demonstrate this occurrence rate to be non-zero. This result contradicts currently accepted planet formation models and we discuss some possibilities for how these planets could have formed.
description: 20 pages, 14 figures. Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Micronycteris daviesi
Creators: name: Koopman, Karl F.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1993
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Chiroptera
Phyllostomidae
Micronycteris
Micronycteris daviesi

description: Micronycteris daviesi (Hill, 1964). Mammalia, 28:557. TYPE LOCALITY: Guyana, Essequibo Prov., Potaro road, 24 mi. (39 km) from Bartica. DISTRIBUTION: Costa Rica to Peru and French Guiana. COMMENTS: Subgenus Barticonycteris. Formerly included in genus Barticonycteris; see Koopman (1978b:4).
description: Published as part of Karl F. Koopman, 1993, Order Chiroptera, pp. 137-241 in Mammal Species of the World (2 nd Edition), Washington and London :Smithsonian Institution Press on page 178, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7353060
description: {"references": ["Koopman, K. F. 1978 b. Zoogeography of Peruvian bats with special emphasis on the role of the Andes. American Museum Novitates, 2651: 1 - 33."]}
Census of Gaseous Satellites around Local Spiral Galaxies
Creators: name: Zhu, Jingyao
name: Putman, Mary E
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a search for gas-containing dwarf galaxies as satellite systems around nearby spiral galaxies using 21 cm neutral hydrogen (HI) data from the Arecibo Legacy Fast ALFA (ALFALFA) Survey. We have identified 15 spiral `primary' galaxies in a local volume of 10 Mpc with a range of total masses, and have found 19 gas-containing dwarf satellite candidates within the primaries' virial volumes ($R_{200}$) and 46 candidates within $2R_{200}$. Our sensitivity using ALFALFA data converts to $M_{\rm HI} \approx 7.4 \times 10^{6}$ $M_{\odot}$ at 10 Mpc, which includes 13 of the 26 gaseous dwarf galaxies in the Local Group, and the HI properties of our sample are overall similar to these 13. We found $0-3$ gaseous satellites per host galaxy within $R_{200}$ and $0-5$ within $2R_{200}$, which agrees with the low numbers present for the Milky Way and M31. There is also agreement with the star-forming satellite numbers per host in the deep optical surveys SAGA and ELVES, and the Auriga cosmological simulations. When scaled to $R_{200}$, the optical surveys do not show a trend of increasing quenched fraction with host mass; there is a slight increase in the total number of gaseous satellites with host mass for our sample. The low numbers of gaseous/star-forming satellites around spiral hosts are consistent with the idea that a universal and effective satellite quenching mechanism, such as ram pressure stripping by the host halo, is likely at play.
description: 18 pages, 13 figures, accepted by MNRAS
Next Generation of Low Cost Photovoltaic: New Concept with Designed Substrate/ZnO-Nanorords/Barrier/CZTS Structure
Creators: name: Kavalakkatt, J.
name: Lin, X.Z.
name: Lux-Steiner, M.C.
name: Ennaoui, A.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2013
Subjects: THIN FILM SOLAR CELLS
CdTe, CIS and Related Ternary and Quaternary Thin Film Solar Cells

description: 28th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 2362-2365
description: In this work we discuss the development of cheaply produced Cu2ZnSn(Sx,Se1-x)4 (CZTSSe) absorber
layers on ZnO nanorods (NRs). The concept of this work is preparing highly absorbing material on nanostructured
substrates which have a very high surface area allowing the use of very thin layers of CZTSSe while still absorbing
sufficient sunlight. This can be achieved by combining the advantages of low cost electrodeposited ZnO NRs and
coating CZTSSe absorbers using the layer-by-layer process. The variation of the number of CZTSSe coated layers
allows optimizing the level of light absorption in the designed structure: substrate/ZnO-NRs/barrier/CZTSSe. A
baseline of nanoparticle (NP) synthesis process using one pot synthesis technique is established for the production of
Cu-Zn-Sn-S-based inks with NP diameter in the order of 16 nm. Electrodeposition of ZnO NRs is performed on
different substrates (FTO, Moly coated glass substrates). Prior to the deposition of CZTSSe a conformal and uniform
barrier layers is deposited on ZnO NRs. This barrier is required to protect ZnO NRs for further reactive annealing
treatments. The morphologies of the layers in the designed structure are investigated by scanning electron
microscopy. The use of this new concept for solar energy conversion will be discussed.
Evolution of the eccentricity and inclination of low-mass planets subjected to thermal forces: a numerical study
Creators: name: Cornejo, S.
name: Masset, F. S.
name: Chametla, R. O.
name: Fromenteau, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: By means of three dimensional, high resolution hydrodynamical simulations we study the orbital evolution of weakly eccentric or inclined low-mass protoplanets embedded in gaseous discs subject to thermal diffusion. We consider both non-luminous planets, and planets that also experience the radiative feedback from their own luminosity. We compare our results to previous analytical work, and find that thermal forces (the contribution to the disc's force arising from thermal effects) match those predicted by linear theory within $\sim 20$%. When the planet's luminosity exceeds a threshold found to be within $10$% of that predicted by linear theory, its eccentricity and inclination grow exponentially, whereas these quantities undergo a strong damping below this threshold. In this regime of low luminosity indeed, thermal diffusion cools the surroundings of the planet and allows gas to accumulate in its vicinity. It is the dynamics of this gas excess that contributes to damp eccentricity and inclination. The damping rates obtained can be up to $h^{-1}$ times larger than those due to the resonant interaction with the disc, where $h$ is the disc's aspect ratio. This suggests that models that incorporate planet-disc interactions using well-known formulae based on resonant wave-launching to describe the evolution of eccentricity and inclination underestimate the damping action of the disc on the eccentricity and inclination of low-mass planets by an order of magnitude.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS
The knowledge, attitude and practice of Turkish men living in Victoria toward family planning
Creators: name: Crockett, Sue.
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2022

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
Precise Femtosecond Laser Scribing for Thin-Film Photovoltaics
Creators: name: Krause, S.
name: Miclea, P.-T.
name: Schweizer, S.
name: Seifert, G.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2013
Subjects: THIN FILM SOLAR CELLS
CdTe, CIS and Related Ternary and Quaternary Thin Film Solar Cells

description: 28th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 2323-2326
description: Few micrometer wide scribes of almost rectangular cross section have been prepared by femtosecond
laser processing of two different transparent conductive oxide (TCO) layers: (i) ~ 600 nm thick indium-doped tin oxide
(ITO) layers, and (ii) ~ 1000 nm thick aluminum-doped zinc oxide (AZO) layers on soda-lime float glass sheets
of ~ 3 mm thickness. Using 300 fs laser pulses at a wavelength of 1030 nm irradiated through the glass, selective liftoff
of the TCO layers is achieved at fluences more than an order of magnitude lower than by nanosecond laser processing.
Detailed structural and electrical characterization of the produced trenches shows that ultrafast laser-induced
generation of high carrier density at the interface initiates a non-thermal ablation process, leaving the glass as well as
the adjacent TCO without any noticeable (thermal) modification; the desired electrical isolation across the scribe is
obtained already with trenches of about 5 μm width. This non-thermal ablation mechanism, with the necessary strong
absorption being created by the leading edge of the fs pulse itself, can be generalized to specifically address almost
any (semi-)conducting layer when suitable laser parameters are being used. Therefore, fs laser processing appears to
be a fast and versatile tool for many scribing processes in thin-film photovoltaics, offering the potential to reduce the
total width of the scribe region to below 50 μm.
Micronycteris hirsuta
Creators: name: Koopman, Karl F.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1993
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Chiroptera
Phyllostomidae
Micronycteris
Micronycteris hirsuta

description: Micronycteris hirsuta (Peters, 1869). Monatsb. K. Preuss. Akad. Wiss. Berlin, 1869:397. TYPE LOCALITY: Costa Rica, Guanacaste, Pozo Azul. DISTRIBUTION: Honduras to French Guiana, Trinidad, Amazonian Brazil, Peru, and Ecuador. COMMENTS: Subgenus Xenoctenes.
description: Published as part of Karl F. Koopman, 1993, Order Chiroptera, pp. 137-241 in Mammal Species of the World (2 nd Edition), Washington and London :Smithsonian Institution Press on page 179, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7353060
The regularity of the positive part of functions in $L^2(I; H^1(Ω)) \cap H^1(I; H^1(Ω)^*)$ with applications to parabolic equations
Creators: name: Wachsmuth, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 46E35, 35K10

description: Let $u\in L^2(I; H^1(Ω))$ with $\partial_t u\in L^2(I; H^1(Ω)^*)$ be given. Then we show by means of a counter-example that the positive part $u^+$ of $u$ has less regularity, in particular it holds $\partial_t u^+ \not\in L^1(I; H^1(Ω)^*)$ in general. Nevertheless, $u^+$ satisfies an integration-by-parts formula, which can be used to prove non-negativity of weak solutions of parabolic equations.
Duality between erasures and defects
Creators: name: Kim, Yongjune
name: Kumar, B. V. K. Vijaya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We investigate the duality of the binary erasure channel (BEC) and the binary defect channel (BDC). This duality holds for channel capacities, capacity achieving schemes, minimum distances, and upper bounds on the probability of failure to retrieve the original message. In addition, the relations between BEC, BDC, binary erasure quantization (BEQ), and write-once memory (WOM) are described. From these relations we claim that the capacity of the BDC can be achieved by Reed-Muller (RM) codes under maximum a posterior (MAP) decoding. Also, polar codes with a successive cancellation encoder achieve the capacity of the BDC. Inspired by the duality between the BEC and the BDC, we introduce locally rewritable codes (LWC) for resistive memories, which are the counterparts of locally repairable codes (LRC) for distributed storage systems. The proposed LWC can improve endurance limit and power efficiency of resistive memories.
description: Presented at Information Theory and Applications (ITA) Workshop 2016. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1602.01202
Study of Minority Carrier Lifetime and Absorber Doping Influence on the Performance of Chalcogenide Solar Cells with Graded Band Gap
Creators: name: Bakaeva, O.
name: Friedrich, F.
name: Leihkauf, R.
name: Teodoreanu, A.-M.
name: Boostandoost, M.
name: Unold, T.
name: Boit, C.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2013
Subjects: THIN FILM SOLAR CELLS
CdTe, CIS and Related Ternary and Quaternary Thin Film Solar Cells

description: 28th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 2370-2375
description: A parameter study of Cu(In,Ga)Se2 solar cells of the same chemical composition but with three
different Ga grading profiles was performed to investigate the influence of minority carrier lifetime, absorber and
buffer layer doping on solar cell characteristics. In this study, simulations were carried out with the device simulator
Sentaurus TCAD for solar cells having an experimentally derived u-shape, uniform und linear Ga concentration
gradient. We used additional external quantum efficiency simulations to interpret the observed decrease in efficiency
and fill factor for the u-shape graded solar cell. We interpret the observed results based on the available experimental
and simulation data. We discuss several methods, which can be used to improve the performance of differently
graded solar cells. Additionally, we draw a conclusion on the sensitivity of each profile to the variation within the
chosen parameter range.
The contribution of a provincial Base Hospital to the continuing education of its general practitioners
Creators: name: Pedler, Daryl.
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2022

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
Improving the X-ray energy resolution of a scientific CMOS detector by pixel-level gain correction
Creators: name: Wu, Qinyu
name: Ling, Zhixing
name: Wang, Xinyang
name: Zhang, Chen
name: Yuan, Weimin
name: Zhang, Shuang-Nan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Scientific Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor (sCMOS) sensors are finding increasingly more applications in astronomical observations, thanks to their advantages over charge-coupled devices (CCDs) such as a higher readout frame rate, higher radiation tolerance, and higher working temperature. In this work, we investigate the performance at the individual pixel level of a large-format sCMOS sensor, GSENSE1516BSI, which has 4096 * 4096 pixels, each of 15 μm in size. To achieve this, three areas on the sCMOS sensor, each consisting of 99 * 99 pixels, are chosen for the experiment. The readout noise, conversion gain and energy resolutions of the individual pixels in these areas are measured from a large number (more than 25,000) of X-ray events accumulated for each of the pixels through long time exposures. The energy resolution of these pixels can reach 140 eV at 6.4 keV at room temperature and shows a significant positive correlation with the readout noise. The accurate gain can also be derived individually for each of the pixels from its X-ray spectrum obtained. Variations of the gain values are found at a level of 0.56% statistically among the 30 thousand pixels in the areas studied. With the gain of each pixel determined accurately, a precise gain correction is performed pixel by pixel in these areas, in contrast to the standardized ensemble gain used in the conventional method. In this way, we could almost completely eliminate the degradation of energy resolutions caused by gain variations among pixels. As a result, the energy resolution at room temperature can be significantly improved to 124.6 eV at 4.5 keV and 140.7 eV at 6.4 keV. This pixel-by-pixel gain correction method can be applied to all kinds of CMOS sensors, and is expected to find interesting applications in X-ray spectroscopic observations in the future.
description: accepted by PASP
Eigenvector method for umbrella sampling enables error analysis
Creators: name: Thiede, Erik
name: Van Koten, Brian
name: Weare, Jonathan
name: Dinner, Aaron R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Biomolecules (q-bio.BM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Umbrella sampling efficiently yields equilibrium averages that depend on exploring rare states of a model by biasing simulations to windows of coordinate values and then combining the resulting data with physical weighting. Here, we introduce a mathematical framework that casts the step of combining the data as an eigenproblem. The advantage to this approach is that it facilitates error analysis. We discuss how the error scales with the number of windows. Then, we derive a central limit theorem for averages that are obtained from umbrella sampling. The central limit theorem suggests an estimator of the error contributions from individual windows, and we develop a simple and computationally inexpensive procedure for implementing it. We demonstrate this estimator for simulations of the alanine dipeptide and show that it emphasizes low free energy pathways between stable states in comparison to existing approaches for assessing error contributions. We discuss the possibility of using the estimator and, more generally, the eigenvector method for umbrella sampling to guide adaptation of the simulation parameters to accelerate convergence.
Flexible Cu(In,Ga)Se2 Solar Cells with Absorber Thickness of 1 µm Deposited at Higher Evaporation Rates
Creators: name: Reinhard, P.
name: Pianezzi, F.
name: Bissig, B.
name: Fella, C.M.
name: Nishiwaki, S.
name: Buecheler, S.
name: Tiwari, A.N.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2013
Subjects: THIN FILM SOLAR CELLS
CdTe, CIS and Related Ternary and Quaternary Thin Film Solar Cells

description: 28th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 2337-2340
description: Use of flexible substrates, growth of thinner absorbers or growth at higher deposition rates are suitable
strategies to increase the manufacturing throughput of Cu(In,Ga)Se2-based photovoltaics. In this work these 3 aspects
are combined and the influence of increased growth rate for thinner absorbers (0.8-0.9 μm) deposited on flexible
polyimide foils is investigated. Our low temperature multi-stage co-evaporation process is modified to grow CIGS
absorber layers with about 1/3 of the standard thickness leading to a total deposition time of 20 min. Evaporation
rates are increased separately (up to 4 times the standard rate) in each stage while they are kept constant in the other
stages. The microstructure is not affected significantly by the increase in growth rate during any stage. No decrease in
performance is observed with increased deposition rate in the 1st and 3rd stage. Improved photovoltaic parameters are
measured for the cell with the absorber grown at a higher rate during the 2nd stage, leading to an increase in
conversion efficiency from 13.7% up to 15.1% compared to an absorber grown with standard evaporation rates.
Modifications of the absorber microstructure and electronic quality are discussed to explain the differences in final
solar cell performance.
Micronycteris megalotis
Creators: name: Koopman, Karl F.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1993
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Chiroptera
Phyllostomidae
Micronycteris
Micronycteris megalotis

description: Micronycteris megalotis (Gray, 1842). Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., [ser. 1], 10:257. TYPE LOCALITY: Brazil, Sâo Paulo, Pereque. DISTRIBUTION: Tamaulipas and Jalisco (Mexico) to Peru, Bolivia, and Brazil; Trinidad and Tobago; Margarita Isl (Venezuela); Grenada. SYNONYMS: elongatum, homezi, megalotes, mexicana, microtis, pygmaeus, scrobiculatum, typica. COMMENTS: Subgenus Micronycteris. Includes microtis; see Gardner et al. (1970:715) and Jones et al. (1977:6). See Alonso-Mejia and Medellin (1991, Mammalian Species, 376).
description: Published as part of Karl F. Koopman, 1993, Order Chiroptera, pp. 137-241 in Mammal Species of the World (2 nd Edition), Washington and London :Smithsonian Institution Press on page 179, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7353060
description: {"references": ["Gardner, A. L., R. K. LaVal, and D. E. Wilson. 1970. The distributional status of some Costa Rican bats. Journal of Mammalogy, 51: 712 - 729.", "Jones, J. K., Jr., P. Swanepoel, and D. C. Carter. 1977. Annotated checklist of the bats of Mexico and Central America. Occasional Papers, The Museum, Texas Tech University, 47: 1 - 35.", "Alonso-Mejia, A., and R. A. Medellin. 1991. Micronycteris megalotis. Mammalian Species, 376: 1 - 6."]}
Key Developments in CdTe Thin Film Solar Cell Back-Contact
Creators: name: Bosio, A.
name: Romeo, N.
name: Menossi, D.
name: Lottici, P.P.
name: Romeo, A.
name: Rimmaudo, I.
name: Salavei, A.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2013
Subjects: THIN FILM SOLAR CELLS
CdTe, CIS and Related Ternary and Quaternary Thin Film Solar Cells

description: 28th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 2357-2361
description: In CdTe-based devices the "back-contact" is a crucial subject of scientific and industrial importance, as it
affects the conversion efficiency and the long-term stability of solar cells. It is common use to Te-enrich the CdTe
surface by chemical etching. It is proposed a new way for obtaining a CdTe film with a Te-rich surface taking
advantage of the original treatment in Chlorine atmosphere, alternative to the use of CdCl2, without doing any CdTe
etching. The back-contact formation on this Te-rich surface occurs by depositing a buffer layer, which indifferently
could be Sb2Te3, As2Te3 or Bi2Te3, deposited by sputtering or by evaporation at low temperature (≈ 200°C), followed
by the deposition of a metal contact (Mo). In this condition, the device I-V characteristic shows the typical roll-over
behavior, distinctive of a rectifying back-contact. Performing an annealing of all the device, at a temperature of 200°C,
in air for a few minutes, the roll-over disappears and the fill factor increases considerably. If the annealing is not done
in air or in presence of Oxygen, the rollover doesn't disappear. Preliminary accelerated aging tests have shown a good
contact stability of these devices. In this article, we will explain why the CdTe surface is Te-rich only after an annealing
in air at 200°C and how this can contribute to form an ohmic and stable back-contact in presence of Sb-, As- and Bibased
chalcogenide.
Relativistic two-photon decay rates with the Lagrange-mesh method
Creators: name: Filippin, Livio
name: Godefroid, Michel
name: Baye, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Relativistic two-photon decay rates of the $2s_{1/2}$ and $2p_{1/2}$ states towards the $1s_{1/2}$ ground state of hydrogenic atoms are calculated by using numerically exact energies and wave functions obtained from the Dirac equation with the Lagrange-mesh method. This approach is an approximate variational method taking the form of equations on a grid because of the use of a Gauss quadrature approximation. Highly accurate values are obtained by a simple calculation involving different meshes for the initial, final and intermediate wave functions and for the calculation of matrix elements. The accuracy of the results with a Coulomb potential is improved by several orders of magnitude in comparison with benchmark values of the literature. The general requirement of gauge invariance is also successfully tested, down to rounding errors. The method provides high accuracies for two-photon decay rates of a particle in other potentials and is applied to a hydrogen atom embedded in a Debye plasma simulated by a Yukawa potential.
description: 15 pages, 4 figures, submitted to Phys. Rev. A
Diving into the magnetosphere of the Of?p star HD108
Creators: name: Rauw, Gregor
name: Nazé, Yaël
name: ud-Doula, Asif
name: Neiner, Coralie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyse optical and X-ray spectroscopy of the Of?p star HD108, known for its strong dipolar magnetic field and its optical line profile variability with a timescale of $54 \pm 3$ yrs, interpreted as the stellar rotation period. Optical emission lines have now recovered from their minimum emission state reached in 2007 - 2008. The variations of the equivalent width of the H$α$ emission provide constraints on the inclination of the rotation axis ($i$) and the obliquity of the magnetic axis ($β$). The best agreement between model and observations is found for ($i$, $β$) pairs with $i + β\simeq 85^{\circ}$ and $i \in [30^{\circ},55^{\circ}]$. The Balmer emission lines display stochastic variability at the $\sim 5$ % level on timescales of a few days. TESS photometry unveils transient modulations on similar timescales in addition to prominent red noise variations. A Chandra X-ray observation of December 2021, when the star was at a higher emission level, indicates a slight increase of the flux and a spectral hardening compared to the August 2002 XMM-Newton observation, taken near minimum emission state. Magnetohydrodynamic simulations are used to compute synthetic X-ray spectra. With our current best estimate of the $\dot{M}_{B=0}$ mass-loss rate, the simulated X-ray luminosity and spectral energy distribution agree very well with the observations. Finally, the radial velocities vary on a period of 8.5 years with a peak-to-peak amplitude of 10 - 11 km s$^{-1}$, suggesting orbital motion with an unseen companion of at least 4 M$_{\odot}$.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Electrodeposition and Characterization of Polyaniline to Develop Organic/Inorganic Hybrid Solar Cells Based on Cadmium Telluride
Creators: name: Abdul Manaf, N.A.
name: Echendu, O.K.
name: Fauzi, F.
name: Bowen, L.
name: Dharmadasa, I.M.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2013
Subjects: THIN FILM SOLAR CELLS
CdTe, CIS and Related Ternary and Quaternary Thin Film Solar Cells

description: 28th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 2327-2332
description: Polyaniline thin films were prepared by an electrochemical polymerization technique on glass/FTO
substrates by varying deposition potential, growth duration, pH value and concentration. Resulting materials were
studied for structural, morphological, optical and electrical properties. Structural analysis shows the formation of
highest crystalline emeraldine salt phase of polyaniline at a cathodic potential of 1654 mV. Optical absorption
measurements have demonstrated a wide variety of energy bandgap (Eg) varying from ~0.98 to 2.32 eV for
polyaniline grown by tuning the pH value during the deposition. The electrical resistivity showed an increment from
3.7 × 103 Ωcm to 39.1 × 103 Ωcm when the pH increased from 2.0 to 6.5. The diode structures of
glass/FTO/CdS/CdTe/polyaniline/Au were fabricated incorporating polyaniline as a pinhole plugging layer, and
assessed for their photovoltaic activities. The results show the enhancement of all the device parameters, especially in
open circuit voltage and fill factors. This improvement offers a great potential for enhancing solar cell performance,
and the latest results are presented in this paper.
title: Quantum Computing for Nuclear Physics
Creators: name: Nikou, Aikaterini
Publisher: name: Old Dominion University Libraries
Year: 2023

description: Nuclear physics can greatly advance by taking advantage of quantum computing. Quantum computing can play a pivotal role in advancing nuclear physics and can allow for the description of physical situations and problems that are prohibitive to solve using classical computing due to their complexity. Some of the problems whose complexity requires using quantum computing to describe are: interacting quantum many-body and Quantum Field Theory problems such as simulating strongly interacting fields such as Quantum Chromodynamics with physical time evolution, the determination of the shape/phase of a nucleus using the time evolution of an appropriated observable as well as identifying particles and reconstructing their paths. This report focuses on the application of some of the most promising quantum computing techniques on nuclear physics problems.
Direct determination of the atomic mass difference of Re187 and Os187 for neutrino physics and cosmochronology
Creators: name: Nesterenko, D. A.
name: Eliseev, S.
name: Blaum, K.
name: Block, M.
name: Chenmarev, S.
name: Doerr, A.
name: Droese, C.
name: Filianin, P. E.
name: Goncharov, M.
name: Ramirez, E. Minaya
name: Novikov, Yu. N.
name: Schweikhard, L.
name: Simon, V. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: For the first time a direct determination of the atomic mass difference of 187Re and 187Os has been performed with the Penning-trap mass spectrometer SHIPTRAP applying the novel phase-imaging ion-cyclotron-resonance technique. The obtained value of 2492(30stat)(15sys) eV is in excellent agreement with the Q values determined indirectly with microcalorimetry and thus resolves a long-standing discrepancy with older proportional counter measurements. This is essential for the determination of the neutrino mass from the beta-decay of 187Re as planned in future microcalorimetric measurements. In addition, an accurate mass difference of 187Re and 187Os is also important for the assessment of 187Re for cosmochronology.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
Micronycteris minuta
Creators: name: Koopman, Karl F.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1993
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Chiroptera
Phyllostomidae
Micronycteris
Micronycteris minuta

description: Micronycteris minuta (Gervais, 1856). In F. Comte de Castelnau, Exped. Partes Cen. Am. Sud., Zool. (Sec. 7), Vol. 1, pt. 2(Mammifères):50. TYPE LOCALITY: Brazil, Bahia, Capela Nova. DISTRIBUTION: Nicaragua to S Brazil; Peru; Guianas; Trinidad; Bolivia. COMMENTS: Subgenus Micronycteris.
description: Published as part of Karl F. Koopman, 1993, Order Chiroptera, pp. 137-241 in Mammal Species of the World (2 nd Edition), Washington and London :Smithsonian Institution Press on page 179, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7353060
Cyphobrachyiulus Verhoeff 1900
Creators: name: Vagalinski, Boyan
name: Golovatch, Sergei I.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Diplopoda
Julida
Julidae
Cyphobrachyiulus

description: Genus Cyphobrachyiulus Verhoeff, 1900 Updated diagnosis. A genus of Brachyiulini differing from contribal genera by the following combination of characters: promeres positioned completely anteriorly in relation to opisthomeres; opisthomere lacking a basoposterior process or this represented by only a small remnant, also lacking an anterior process.
description: Published as part of Vagalinski, Boyan & Golovatch, Sergei I., 2021, The millipede tribe Brachyiulini in the Caucasus (Diplopoda, Julida, Julidae), pp. 1-127 in ZooKeys 1058 on page 1, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1058.68628
Characterization of CIGS Absorber Layers Prepared by Sputtered Ternary CIG Precursors for Commercial Application
Creators: name: Kim, C.W.
name: Youn, S.-M.
name: Kim, J.H.
name: Jeong, C.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2013
Subjects: THIN FILM SOLAR CELLS
CdTe, CIS and Related Ternary and Quaternary Thin Film Solar Cells

description: 28th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 2341-2344
description: High-efficiency thin-film solar cells based on Cu(In,Ga)Se2 are often formed by depositing precursor
films and using a subsequent selenization step. We demonstrate a simple and cost-efficient approach simplifying both
process steps by using a ternary Cu-In-Ga alloy target for sputter deposition of the precursor layer and by using a
simple non-vacuum sulfurization reaction based on H2S gas. In this contribution we examine in detail the
characteristics of the precursor layers. The film by sputter growth revealed two distinct morphologies: a flat bulk
layer and rough surface layer. We could achieve conversion efficiencies 4.14% with electronic band-gap of 1.51eV
without the use of antireflective coating.