cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Two new hot subdwarf binaries in the GALEX survey
Creators: name: Kawka, A.
name: Vennes, S.
name: Nemeth, P.
name: Kraus, M.
name: Kubat, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the discovery of two new hot, hydrogen-rich subdwarfs (sdB) in close binary systems. The hot subdwarfs, GALEX J0321+4727 and GALEX J2349+3844, were selected from a joint optical-ultraviolet catalogue of hot sub-luminous stars based on GSC2.3.2 and the Galaxy Evolution Explorer all-sky survey. Using high-dispersion spectra of the Halpha core obtained using the 2m telescope at Ondrejov Observatory we measured the radial velocities of the sdB primaries and determined orbital periods of 0.26584+/-0.00004 days and 0.46249+/-0.00007 days for GALEX J0321+4727 and GALEX J2349+3844, respectively. The time series obtained from the Northern Sky Variability Survey with an effective wavelength near the R band show that GALEX J0321+4727 is a variable star (Delta m=0.12 mag) while no significant variations are observed in GALEX J2349+3844. The period of variations in GALEX J0321+4727 coincides with the orbital period and the variability is probably caused by a reflection effect on a late-type secondary star. Lack of photometric variations in GALEX J2349+3844 probably indicates that the companion is a white dwarf star. Using all available photometry and spectroscopy, we measured the atmospheric properties of the two sdB stars and placed limits on the mass and luminosity of the companion stars.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS
MOESM3 of Evaluation of the Vibrant DNA microarray for the high-throughput multiplex detection of enteric pathogens in clinical samples
Creators: name: Yang, Yuanyuan
name: Rajendran, Vinod
name: Jayaraman, Vasanth
name: Wang, Tianhao
name: Bei, Kang
name: Krishna, Karthik
name: Rajasekaran, Karenah
name: Rajasekaran, John
name: Krishnamurthy, Hari
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 3. Stability study of stool specimens.
Changes of China’s Position in the World Food Trade Network
Creators: name: HE Congxian
name: LI Xiuxiang
name: HE Congxian
name: LI Xiuxiang
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Food security, Food trade network, Social network analysis, China’s position

description: “Ensuring stability in foreign trade” and “ensuring food security” are essential parts of China’s “six priorities” and “stability in six areas”. Based on the data of bilateral food trade between countries during 1996-2018, using descriptive statistical analysis and social network analysis methods, this paper analyzed the changes of China's trade position in the world food trade network. It reached the following results. (i) China’s position in the trade network has undergone a phased process of "remarkable improvement – continuous fluctuation – significant decline – steady growth". (ii) Export participation is better than import participation, the gap between trade export strength and import strength is widening, and the effective scale and constraint index gradually improve. (iii) The change of China's position in the food trade network is affected by geographical, economic, institutional and cultural factors. In view of these findings, it is recommended to improve node centrality, enhance network participation, improve network interconnection, and prevent international market risks, so as to better deal with the complex international environment.
title: Hva vil reduksjonen i snusavgiften bety for forbruk og folkehelse?
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Folkehelseinstituttet
Publisher: name: forebygging.no
Year: 2021

description: Sammendrag
I saldert Statsbudsjettet for 2021 ble særavgiften på snus satt ned med 25 %. Med utgangspunkt i forskningen om prisdrevne etterspørselsendringer på tobakksvarer, drøfter vi hva avgiftsreduksjonen på snus kan bety for forbruk og folkehelse. Vi omtaler hvordan prisnedsettelsen kan tenkes å øke ungdoms etterspørsel etter snus og diskuterer om den økte prisdifferansen til sigaretter også kan tenkes å konvertere røykere til snusbrukere. Vi foreslår en systematisk framgangsmåte for å vekte helseforringelsen fra tilleggsbruk opp mot helsegevinsten fra substitusjonsbruk og viser hvilke data vi trenger for å kunne gjøre en slik kalkyle.

Abstract
In the balanced State Budget for 2021, the excise duty on snus was reduced by 25 %. Based on research on price-driven changes in demand for tobacco products, we discuss what the tax reduction on snus will imply for consumption and public health. We discuss how the price reduction may increase youth demand for snus, and discuss whether the increased price difference for cigarettes may also convert smokers to snus users. We propose a systematic procedure for weighing the negative health effects from additional use against the health gain from substitution, and show what data we need to be able to make such a calculation.
Herschel/HIFI observations of IRC+10216: water vapor in the inner envelope of a carbon-rich AGB star
Creators: name: Neufeld, David A.
name: González-Alfonso, Eduardo
name: Melnick, Gary J.
name: Schmidt, Miroslaw
name: Szczerba, Ryszard
name: Decin, Leen
name: de Koter, Alex
name: Schöier, Fredrik
name: Cernicharo, José
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the results of observations of ten rotational transitions of water vapor toward the carbon-rich AGB (asymptotic giant branch) star IRC+10216 (CW Leonis), carried out with Herschel's HIFI instrument. Each transition was securely detected by means of observations using the dual beam switch mode of HIFI. The measured line ratios imply that water vapor is present in the inner outflow at small distances (few x 1.E+14 cm) from the star, confirming recent results reported by Decin et al. from observations with Herschel's PACS and SPIRE instruments. This finding definitively rules out the hypothesis that the observed water results from the vaporization of small icy objects in circular orbits. The origin of water within the dense C-rich envelope of IRC+10216 remains poorly understood. We derive upper limits on the H2-17O/H2-16O and H2-18O/H2-16O isotopic abundance ratios of ~ 5.E-3 (3 sigma), providing additional constraints on models for the origin of the water vapor in IRC+10216.
description: Accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal Letters
Field induced superconducting phase in Superconductor-Normal metal and Superconductor-Superconductor bilayer
Creators: name: Montiel, Xavier
name: Buzdin, Alexandre I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the proximity effect in a superconductor (S)-normal metal (N) bilayer under in-plane magnetic field. A compensation between the Zeeman effect and the energy splitting between bonding and anti-bonding levels leads to a magnetic field induced superconducting phase in the (H,T) phase diagram of the S-N bilayer well above the standard paramagnetic limit. We demonstrate that the presence of the non-magnetic impurities shrink the region of field induced superconductivity existence in S-N and S-S bilayers.
On the thermodynamics of classical micro-canonical systems
Creators: name: Baeten, Maarten
name: Naudts, Jan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the configurational probability distribution of a mono-atomic gas with a finite number of particles N in the micro-canonical ensemble. We give two arguments why the thermodynamic entropy of the configurational subsystem involves Renyi's entropy function rather than that of Tsallis. The first argument is that the temperature of the configurational subsystem is equal to that of the kinetic subsystem. The second argument is that the instability of the pendulum, which occurs for energies close to the rotation threshold, is correctly reproduced.
Quantum improvisation : sonic consciousness and Pauline Oliveros
Creators: name: Chung, Sae-Hoo Stan
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2015

description: Oliveros’s quantum improvisation is the result of listening deeply to the ethical co-emergence of improvising humans and intelligent machines. Pauline Oliveros’s Triple Point (with Doug van Nort and Jonas Braasch) consists of three human musicians performing live with a listening and improvising computer agent. Van Nort’s FILTER (Freely Improvising, Learning, and Transforming Evolutionary Recombination system) selectively listens and simultaneously plays with the musicians. This dissertation explores improvisation and contributes a cross-field definition of of this highly contested term: improvisation is the performance agency. The first of three movements provides a cross-field review of improvisation; the second movement employs autoethnography to study the sonic and social improvisations of Triple Point; the third movement explores quantum improvisation by employing writing as a performative tool to discover Oliveros’s ethical machine and human improvisation. The three interconnected types of improvisation are theorized as constraining and provoking improvisation: personal combinatory, social evolutionary, and ethical transcendent. This dissertation concludes with the claim that Oliveros’s quantum improvisation contributes to a theory of creativity that reverberates with socio-ethical connection and discovery.
Phonon-mediated sticking of electrons at dielectric surfaces
Creators: name: Heinisch, R. L.
name: Bronold, F. X.
name: Fehske, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study phonon-mediated temporary trapping of an electron in polarization-induced external surface states (image states) of a dielectric surface. Our approach is based on a quantum-kinetic equation for the occupancy of the image states. It allows us to distinguish between prompt and kinetic sticking. Because the depth of the image potential is much larger than the Debye energy multi-phonon processes are important. Taking two-phonon processes into account in cases where one-phonon processes yield a vanishing transition probability, as it is applicable, for instance, to graphite, we analyze the adsorption scenario as a function of potential depth and surface temperature and calculate prompt and kinetic sticking coefficients. We find rather small sticking coefficients, at most of the order of $10^{-3}$, and a significant suppression of the kinetic sticking coefficient due to a relaxation bottleneck inhibiting thermalization of the electron with the surface at short timescales.
description: 10 pages, 7 figures
Mechanically-Exfoliated Stacks of Thin Films of Bismuth Telluride Topological Insulators with Enhanced Thermoelectric Performance
Creators: name: Goyal, Vivek
name: Teweldebrhan, Desalegne
name: Balandin, Alexander A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on "graphene-like" mechanical exfoliation of single-crystal Bi2Te3 films and thermoelectric characterization of the stacks of such films. Thermal conductivity of the resulting "pseudo-superlattices" was measured by the "hot disk" and "laser flash" techniques. The room-temperature in-plane (cross-plane) thermal conductivity of the stacks decreases by a factor of ~2.4 (3.5) as compared to bulk. The thermal conductivity reduction with preserved electrical properties leads to strong increase in the thermoelectric figure of merit. It is suggested that the film thinning to few-quintuples and tuning of the Fermi level can help in achieving the topological-insulator surface transport regime with an extraordinary thermoelectric efficiency.
description: Contact Info: http://ndl.ee.ucr.edu/; E-mail: balandin@ee.ucr.edu
HST WFC3/IR Observations of Active Galactic Nucleus Host Galaxies at z~2: Supermassive Black Holes Grow in Disk Galaxies
Creators: name: Schawinski, Kevin
name: Treister, Ezequiel
name: Urry, C. Megan
name: Cardamone, Carolin N.
name: Simmons, Brooke
name: Yi, Sukyoung K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the rest-frame optical morphologies of active galactic nucleus (AGN) host galaxies at 1.5
description: 7 pages, 3 figures, 2 tables. Accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal Letters
MOESM1 of Amyloid β-protein oligomers promote the uptake of tau fibril seeds potentiating intracellular tau aggregation
Creators: name: Shin, Woo
name: Di, Jing
name: Cao, Qin
name: Li, Binsen
name: Seidler, Paul
name: Murray, Kevin
name: Bitan, Gal
name: Jiang, Lin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Biotechnology

description: Additional file 1: Figure S1. Characterization of Aβ (1–42) preparations. Figure S2. The effect of different Aβ species on tau aggregation in the absence of tau seeds in biosensor cells. Figure S3. When treated Aβ oligomers up to two weeks in the absent of tau seeds, biosensor cells display negligible tau aggregation. Figure S4. Aβ oligomer pretreatment promotes intracellular tau aggregation when biosensor cells are seeded with brain extracts from transgenic mice expressing human P301S-tau. Figure S5. The effects of incubation time on Aβ promoted tau aggregation. Figure S6. Aβ oligomers do not affect α-synuclein seeding. Figure S7. Western blot analysis of SH-SY5Y cell lysates treated with Aβ oligomers and tau seeds. Figure S8. ELISA quantification of tau concentrations in SH-SY5Y cell lysates. Figure S9. Aβ oligomers promote the internalization of tau seeds in wild-type mice primary hippocampal neurons. Figure S10. Fluorescence-microscopy images of tau biosensor cells seeded with tau fibrils 24 h after pretreatment with Aβ oligomers at 100, 200 and 500 nM. Figure S11. Dose-response analysis of the effects of different Aβ species on tau seeding in tau biosensor cells. Figure S12. Characterization of full-length tau 40 self-assembly. Figure S13. EM image of sonicated tau RD. Figure S14. Pretreatment of Aβ oligomers promotes tau seeding in the presence of lipofectamine. Figure S15. Statistical tests of normal distribution and equal variability of the data.
Telling the spin of the "Higgs boson" at the LHC
Creators: name: De Sanctis, U.
name: Fabbrichesi, M.
name: Tonero, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We assume that the Higgs boson or a possible resonance---playing its role in strongly interacting models of electroweak symmetry breaking---has been discovered at the LHC and propose a search strategy to determine its spin based on two simple asymmetries in the ZZ, W+W- and t t-bar decays channels. We consider some benchmark values for its mass (in the interval from 182 GeV/c^2 to 1 TeV/c^2) and discuss the relative advantages of the different decay processes. A full analysis, including the background, is given. For a center-of-mass energy of 14 TeV, we find that the lowest integrated luminosity required to discriminate between the different spins is, depending on the process and the resonance mass, between 40 fb^{-1} and 250 fb^{-1}.
description: 17 pages, 3 figures
Test particle motion in the space-time of a Kerr black hole pierced by a cosmic string
Creators: name: Hackmann, Eva
name: Hartmann, Betti
name: Laemmerzahl, Claus
name: Sirimachan, Parinya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the geodesic equation in the space-time of a Kerr black hole pierced by an infinitely thin cosmic string and give the complete set of analytical solutions of this equation for massive and massless particles in terms of Mino time that allows to decouple the r- and theta-component of the geodesic equation. The solutions of the geodesic equation can be classified according to the particle's energy and angular momentum, the mass and angular momentum per mass of the black hole. We give examples of orbits showing the influence of the cosmic string. We also discuss the perihelion shift and the Lense-Thirring effect for bound orbits and show that the presence of a cosmic string enhances both effects. Comparing our results with experimental data from the LAGEOS satellites we find an upper bound on the energy per unit length of a string piercing the earth which is approximately 10^{16} kg/m. Our work has also applications to the recently suggested explanation of the alignment of the polarization vector of quasars using remnants of cosmic string decay in the form of primordial magnetic field loops.
description: 25 pages including 14 figures
Comparative Analysis of CMOS Operational Amplifiers with Dynamic Offset Cancellation
Creators: name: Assim, Ara Abdulsatar Assim
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Dynamic offset cancellation
Operational amplifier
Auto-zeroing
Chopping technique
CMOS
Voltage offset removal

description: The given work is devoted to designing and implementing different dynamic offset cancellation techniques for 50 nm technology CMOS operational amplifiers. The goal is to minimize or get rid of the effects of the offset voltage. Offset voltage exists in all differential amplifiers due to the fact that no pair of transistors can be fabricated with the same size, there is always a slight difference in their dimensions (length or width), this gives rise to an undesirable effect called offset, the value of offset voltage for cheap commercial amplifiers are in the range of 1 to 10 mV, despite the fact that this isn’t a significant value, due to the high gain of such amplifiers, this voltage is amplified by tens or hundreds of times, this results in clipping of the output signal and this further limits the amplifier’s maximum allowable input voltage within the given dynamic range, hence its of great importance to take this small voltage into consideration, low-offset amplifiers find applications in mixers, analog to digital converters, instrumentation devices, etc. In this thesis, by using two different techniques for removing offset voltage (chopping and auto-zeroing), five low offset operational amplifiers were designed. The implemented methods reduced the flicker noise by more than 457 times (from 9.4 nV/√Hz to 20 pV/√Hz) at 1 Hz. All the simulations were done using Cadence Virtuoso.
Intercalant and intermolecular phonon assisted superconductivity in K-doped picene
Creators: name: Casula, Michele
name: Calandra, Matteo
name: Profeta, Gianni
name: Mauri, Francesco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: K$_3$-picene is a superconducting molecular crystal with critical temperature T$_c=7$K or 18K, depending on preparation conditions. Using density functional theory we show that electron-phonon interaction accounts for T$_c ~ 3-8$ K. The average electron-phonon coupling, calculated by including the phonon energy scale in the electron-phonon scattering, is $λ=0.73$ and $ω_{\rm log}=18.0\,$ meV. Intercalant and intermolecular phonon-modes contribute substantially (40%) to $λ$ as also shown by the isotope exponents of potassium (0.19) and carbon (0.31). The relevance of these modes makes superconductivity in K-doped picene peculiar and different from that of fullerenes.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures, minor changes
Investigation on the hydraulic behaviour of nanoparticles based LBF exposed to salt solutions
Creators: name: Sarkar, Grytan
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2015

description: In this study, the effect of pore fluid chemistry on the hydraulic behaviour of the light backfill (LBF i.e. 50-50 bentonite-sand compacted at a dry density of 1.24 Mg/m³) was investigated. The experimental results showed that pore fluid reduce the swelling pressure and increase the hydraulic conductivity of LBF. The change in the pore structure such as pore size, pore distribution and pore connectivity due to the presence of pore fluid was also investigated using Xradia Micro XCT-400. The X-ray source, detector, and a small portion of LBF specimen (5.5 mm in diameter) were placed closely to acquire a good quality image with a voxel size of 1.15 x 1.15 x 1.15 μm. The scanned images were de-noised and segmented to study the pore space. An algorithm was developed to compute the volume porosity and pore-size distribution of the scanned samples. Additionally, the interconnected pore components and absolute permeability of the LBF samples were analyzed using Avizo software. The results of microstructure analysis demonstrate that the porosity, pore size, volume of interconnected pores and hydraulic conductivity of the LBF increased due to pore fluids. The effectiveness of using nanoparticles of bentonite to minimize the impact of saline solutions on hydraulic responses of LBF, were studied. Both the mechanical attrition (planetary ball mill) and the synthesis process (ultra-sonication, centrifuging and filtering techniques) were integrated to prepare the nanoparticles. The particle size analysis of nanoparticles through Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) showed particles range between 30 to 140 nm. Additionally, the chemical and mineralogical composition of nanoparticles analyzed by Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS) and X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) exhibited similar behaviour of the parent bentonite. Subsequently, two different percentage of nanoparticles (1 % and 2 % of dry bentonite) were carefully mixed with the bentonite-sand mixture to prepare nanoparticles based LBF. Nanoparticle based LBF showed excellent performance in reduction of hydraulic conductivity, when LBF is exposed to both fresh water and saline solutions.
Do We Need a Scientific Revolution?
Creators: name: Maxwell, Nicholas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: History and Philosophy of Physics (physics.hist-ph)
subject: Popular Physics (physics.pop-ph)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Many see modern science as having serious defects, intellectual, social, moral. Few see this as having anything to do with the philosophy of science. I argue that many diverse ills of modern science are a consequence of the fact that the scientific community has long accepted, and sought to implement, a bad philosophy of science, which I call standard empiricism. This holds that the basic intellectual aim is truth, the basic method being impartial assessment of claims to knowledge with respect to evidence. Standard empiricism is, however, untenable. Furthermore, the attempt to put it into scientific practice has many damaging consequences for science. The scientific community urgently needs to bring about a revolution in both the conception of science, and science itself. It needs to be acknowledged that the actual aims of science make metaphysical, value and political assumptions and are, as a result, deeply problematic. Science needs to try to improve its aims and methods as it proceeds. Standard empiricism needs to be rejected, and the more rigorous philosophy of science of aim-oriented empiricism needs to be adopted and explicitly implemented in scientific practice instead. The outcome would be the emergence of a new kind of science, of greater value in both intellectual and humanitarian terms.
Sequestering in String Compactifications
Creators: name: Berg, Marcus
name: Marsh, David
name: McAllister, Liam
name: Pajer, Enrico
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the mediation of supersymmetry breaking in string compactifications whose moduli are stabilized by nonperturbative effects. We begin with a critical review of arguments for sequestering in supergravity and in string theory. We then show that geometric isolation, even in a highly warped space, is insufficient to achieve sequestering: in type IIB compactifications, nonperturbative superpotentials involving the Kahler moduli introduce cross-couplings between well-separated visible and hidden sectors. The scale of the resulting soft terms depends on the moduli stabilization scenario. In the Large Volume Scenario, nonperturbative superpotential contributions to the soft trilinear $A$ terms can introduce significant flavor violation, while in KKLT compactifications their effects are negligible. In both cases, the contributions to the $μ$ and $Bμ$ parameters cannot be ignored in general. We conclude that sequestered supersymmetry breaking is possible in nonperturbatively-stabilized compactifications only if a mechanism in addition to bulk locality suppresses superpotential cross-couplings.
description: 47 pages
$Λ(1405)$ from lattice QCD
Creators: name: Takahashi, Toru T.
name: Oka, Makoto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Low-lying $Λ$ baryons with spin 1/2 are analyzed in two-flavor lattice QCD. In order to extract two low-lying states for each parity, we construct $2 \times 2$ cross correlators from flavor SU(3) ``octet'' and ``singlet'' baryon operators, and diagonalize them. Two-flavor CP-PACS gauge configurations are employed, which are generated with the renormalization-group improved gauge action and the ${\mathcal O}(a)$-improved quark action. Simulation are performed at three different $β$'s, $β= 1.80$, 1.95 and 2.10, whose corresponding lattice spacings are $a = 0.2150$, 0.1555 and 0.1076 fm. For each cutoff, we adopt four different hopping parameters, ($κ_{\rm val}, κ_{\rm sea}$). The corresponding pion masses range from about 500 MeV to 1.1 GeV. The results are extrapolated to the physical quark-mass point. Our results indicate that there are two negative-parity $Λ$ states nearly degenerate at around 1.6 GeV, whereas no state as low as $Λ(1405)$ is observed. By extracting the flavor components of each state, we find that the lowest (1st-excited) negative-parity state is dominated by flavor-singlet (flavor-octet) component.
description: Proceedings of a talk given at "New Frontiers in QCD 2010 (NFQCD10)", Kyoto, Japan, 18 January to 19 March, 2010
Zur neoliberalen Restrukturierung der Öffentlichkeit – Eine kritische Rückbesinnung auf Jürgen Habermas
Creators: name: Schottdorf, Tobias
Publisher: name: Universität Tübingen
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Öffentlichkeit , Habermas, Jürgen , Neoliberalismus
subject: 050
subject: 300

description: Vor dem Hintergrund der neoliberalen Wende ist innerhalb der sozialwissenschaftlichen Debatte von einer ökonomisch induzierten Entleerung der demokratischen Gesellschaft die Rede. Dieser Beitrag fokussiert sich auf die Restrukturierung eines Teilaspektes jener demokratischen Ordnung: der Sphäre der Öffentlichkeit. Dabei stützt er sich wesentlich auf die klassische Untersuchung von Jürgen Habermas, dessen Einsichten im Lichte jüngerer Entwicklungen neu bewertet werden müssen. Zu diesem Zwecke werden die zentralen Thesen seiner Untersuchung in einem ersten Schritt systematisch rekonstruiert. Im Anschluss daran werden die grundlegenden theoretischen Prämissen, aber auch die politische Praxis des neoliberalen Projektes vorgestellt sowie deren sozioökonomische Konsequenzen eruiert. Der letzte Schritt führt beide Darstellungen zusammen, indem die ambivalente Realität neoliberaler Öffentlichkeit mit dem von Habermas gezeichneten Ideal kontrastiert wird.
Characterization of ion/electron beam induced deposition of electrical contacts at the sub-μm scale
Creators: name: Brunel, D.
name: Troadec, D.
name: Hourlier, D.
name: Deresmes, D.
name: Zdrojek, M
name: Mélin, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the fabrication of electrical contacts using ion- and electron-beam induced deposition of platinum at the sub-μm scale. Halos associated with the metal surface decoration are characterized electrically in the 0.05-2 μm range using transport measurements, conducting atomic force microscopy and Kelvin probe microscopy. In contrast with IBID, EBID electrodes exhibit weakly conductive halos at the sub-μm scale, and can thus be used to achieve resist-free electrical contacts for transport measurements at the sub-μm scale. Four-point transport measurements using μm-spaced EBID contacts are provided in the case of a multiwalled carbon nanotube.
Reflections and New Perspectives on Face Cognition as a Specific Socio-Cognitive Ability
Creators: name: Meyer, Kristina
name: Sommer, Werner
name: Hildebrandt, Andrea
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: socio-cognitive abilities
subject: face cognition
subject: face specificity
subject: speed and accuracy
subject: 150 Psychologie

description: The study of socio-cognitive abilities emerged from intelligence research, and their specificity remains controversial until today. In recent years, the psychometric structure of face cognition (FC)—a basic facet of socio-cognitive abilities—was extensively studied. In this review, we summarize and discuss the divergent psychometric structures of FC in easy and difficult tasks. While accuracy in difficult tasks was consistently shown to be face-specific, the evidence for easy tasks was inconsistent. The structure of response speed in easy tasks was mostly—but not always—unitary across object categories, including faces. Here, we compare studies to identify characteristics leading to face specificity in easy tasks. The following pattern emerges: in easy tasks, face specificity is found when modeling speed in a single task; however, when modeling speed across multiple, different easy tasks, only a unitary factor structure is reported. In difficult tasks, however, face specificity occurs in both single task approaches and task batteries. This suggests different cognitive mechanisms behind face specificity in easy and difficult tasks. In easy tasks, face specificity relies on isolated cognitive sub-processes such as face identity recognition. In difficult tasks, face-specific and task-independent cognitive processes are employed. We propose a descriptive model and argue for FC to be integrated into common taxonomies of intelligence.
Fractionalize This
Creators: name: Phillips, Philip
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Precisely what are the electrons in a high-temperature superconductor doing before they superconduct? Strong electronic correlations may give rise to composite rather than fractionalized excitations, as is typical in other strongly coupled systems such as quark matter.
description: Invited Perspective for Nat. Phys
Numerical and experimental study of orientation dependency of free convection heat sinks
Creators: name: Rana, Md. Ruhul Amin
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2015

description: The flow momentum in free convection heat transfer is generally lower than forced convection, and the flow direction is determined by the gravitational direction. Hence, the thermal performance of heat sinks relying on free convection could vary significantly depending on the mounting orientation. This is confirmed by the present work, a computational fluid dynamics and heat transfer study with focus on the relation between the design of heat sinks and their thermal performance under varied mounting orientations. A heat sink with rectangular straight fins, a very commonly used type of heat sink, is first studied. The results show poor thermal performance when the heat sink is placed vertically and fin length horizontally to the ground. The fluid dynamics analysis indicates interruption of buoyancy flow by the horizontally placed fins, which in turn impedes heat transfer. An experimental work on straight fin heat sink is also performed, and with the help of infrared camera and thermocouples the orientation dependencies are observed for a wide range of orientation angles. In order to minimize the negative effect of mounting orientations, two other types of heat sinks are studied. One is angled-fin heat sink, which has plate fins parallel to the diagonal rather than the side of the heat sink base. The other type is pin-fin heat sinks. The two types of heat sinks are shown to provide similar thermal performances for both horizontal and vertical orientations, and the low orientation dependency is attributed to the low orientation effect on the buoyancy flow. The fin thickness, fin spacing and number of fins are varied for both the heat sinks. The purpose is to study the effect of these changes on thermal performance for different mounting orientations. For angled-fin, the effects of fin interruptions are also studied, where horizontal orientation shows better cooling performance than the vertical. In case of pin fin heat sink, the temperature differences between the vertical and horizontal orientations show that, the fin spacing plays an important role in the selection of mounting orientation. This study is useful for designing free convection heat sinks for orientation-independent cooling performance.
Enhanced intestinal permeability and intestinal co-morbidities in heat strain: A review and case for autodigestion
Creators: name: Fung, Anthony A.
name: Zhou, Andy
name: Vanos, Jennifer K.
name: Schmid-Schönbein, Geert W.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Computational Biology

description: Enhanced intestinal permeability is a pervasive issue in modern medicine, with implications demonstrably associated with significant health consequences such as sepsis, multiorgan failure, and death. Key issues involve the trigger mechanisms that could compromise intestinal integrity and increase local permeability allowing the passage of larger, potentially dangerous molecules. Heat stress, whether exertional or environmental, may modulate intestinal permeability and begs interesting questions in the context of global climate change, increasing population vulnerabilities, and public health. Emerging evidence indicates that intestinal leakage of digestive enzymes and associated cell dysfunctions––a process referred to as autodigestion––may play a critical role in systemic physiological damage within the body. This increased permeability is exacerbated in the presence of elevated core temperatures. We employed Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) topic modeling methods to analyze the relationship between heat stress and the nascent theory of autodigestion in a systematic, quantifiable, and unbiased manner. From a corpus of 11,233 scientific articles across four relevant scientific journals (Gut, Shock, Temperature, Gastroenterology), it was found that over 1,000 documents expressed a relationship between intestine, enhanced permeability, core temperature, and heat stress. The association has grown stronger in recent years, as heat stress and potential autodigestion are investigated in tandem, yet still by a limited number of specific research studies. Such findings justify the design of future studies to critically test novel interventions against digestive enzymes permeating the intestinal tract, especially the small intestine.
High-brilliance synchrotron radiation induced by the plasma magnetostatic mode
Creators: name: Fiuza, F.
name: Silva, L. O.
name: Joshi, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using multi-dimensional PIC simulations we show that the magnetic undulator-type field of the plasma magnetostatic mode is indeed produced by the interaction of a laser pulse with a relativistic ionization front, as predicted by linear theory for a cold plasma. When the front with this magnetostatic mode is followed by a relativistic electron beam, the interaction of the beam with this magnetic field, produces FEL-type synchrotron radiation, providing a direct signature of the magnetostatic mode. The possibility of generating readily detectable ultrashort wavelength radiation using this mode, by employing state-of-the-art laser systems, is demonstrated, thus opening the way towards experimental observation of the hitherto unseen magnetostatic mode and the use of this plasma FEL mechanism to provide a source of high-brilliance ultrashort wavelength radiation.
description: 11 pages, 3 figures
Identifying Dark Matter Event Topologies at the LHC
Creators: name: Bai, Yang
name: Cheng, Hsin-Chia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Assuming dark matter particles can be pair-produced at the LHC from cascade decays of heavy particles, we investigate strategies to identify the event topologies based on the kinematic information of final state visible particles. This should be the first step towards measuring the masses and spins of the new particles in the decay chains including the dark matter particle. As a concrete example, we study in detail the final states with 4 jets plus missing energy. This is a particularly challenging scenario because of large experimental smearing effects and no fundamental distinction among the 4 jets. Based on the fact that the invariant mass of particles on the same decay chain has an end point in its distribution, we define several functions which can distinguish different topologies depending on whether they exhibit the end-point structure. We show that all possible topologies (e.g., two jets on each decay chain or three jets on one chain and the other jet on the other chain, and so on) in principle can be identified from the distributions of these functions of the visible particle momenta. We also consider cases with one jet from the initial state radiation as well as off-shell decays. Our studies show that the event topology may be identified with as few as several hundred signal events after basic cuts. The method can be readily generalized to other event topologies. In particular, event topologies including leptons will be easier because the end points are expected to be sharper and there are more distinct invariant mass distributions from different charges.
description: 34 pages, 18 figures, 8 tables
Destroying black holes with test bodies
Creators: name: Jacobson, Ted
name: Sotiriou, Thomas P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: If a black hole can accrete a body whose spin or charge would send the black hole parameters over the extremal limit, then a naked singularity would presumably form, in violation of the cosmic censorship conjecture. We review some previous results on testing cosmic censorship in this way using the test body approximation, focusing mostly on the case of neutral black holes. Under certain conditions a black hole can indeed be over-spun or over-charged in this approximation, hence radiative and self-force effects must be taken into account to further test cosmic censorship.
description: Contribution to the proceedings of the First Mediterranean Conference on Classical and Quantum Gravity (talk given by T. P. S.). Summarizes the results of Phys. Rev. Lett. 103, 141101 (2009), arXiv:0907.4146 [gr-qc] and considers further examples
MOESM2 of Clinical characteristics, risk factors, immune status and prognosis of secondary infection of sepsis: a retrospective observational study
Creators: name: Chen, Yao
name: Hu, Yanyan
name: Zhang, Jin
name: Shen, Yue
name: Huang, Junling
name: Yin, Jun
name: Wang, Ping
name: Fan, Ying
name: Wang, Jianli
name: Lu, Su
name: Yang, Yilin
name: Yan, Lei
name: Li, Keyong
name: Song, Zhenju
name: Tong, Chaoyang
name: Du, Shilin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 2: Table S1. Time of onset, pathogen and diagnostic criterion of each secondary infection.
Prediction of the quantization of magnetic flux in double layer exciton superfluids
Creators: name: Rademaker, Louk
name: Zaanen, Jan
name: Hilgenkamp, Hans
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Currently a way is lacking to detect unambiguously the possible phase coherence of an exciton condensate in an electron-hole double layer. Here we show that despite the fact that excitons are charge-neutral, the double layer exciton superfluid exhibits a diamagnetic response. In devices with specific circular geometry the magnetic flux threading between the layers must be quantized in units of $\frac{h}{e} χ_m$ where $χ_m$ is the diamagnetic susceptibility of the device. We discuss possible experimental realizations of the predicted unconventional flux quantization.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures
Superconducting quantum interference devices with submicron Nb/HfTi/Nb junctions for investigation of small magnetic particles
Creators: name: Nagel, J.
name: Kieler, O. F.
name: Weimann, T.
name: Wölbing, R.
name: Kohlmann, J.
name: Zorin, A. B.
name: Kleiner, R.
name: Koelle, D.
name: Kemmler, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigated, at temperature $4.2\,\mathrm{K}$, electric transport, flux noise and resulting spin sensitivity of miniaturized Nb direct current superconducting quantum interference devices (SQUIDs) based on submicron Josephson junctions with HfTi barriers. The SQUIDs are either of the magnetometer-type or gradiometric in layout. In the white noise regime, for the best magnetometer we obtain a flux noise $S_Φ^{1/2}=250\,\mathrm{n}Φ_0/\mathrm{Hz}^{1/2}$, corresponding to a spin sensitivity $S^{1/2}_μ\,\ge\,29\,μ_B/\mathrm{Hz}^{1/2}$. For the gradiometer we find $S_Φ^{1/2}=300\,\mathrm{n}Φ_0/\mathrm{Hz}^{1/2}$ and $S^{1/2}_μ\,\ge\,44\,μ_B/\mathrm{Hz}^{1/2}$. The devices can still be optimized with respect to flux noise and coupling between a magnetic particle and the SQUID, leaving room for further improvement towards single spin resolution.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures
On the physisorption of water on graphene: a CCSD(T) study
Creators: name: Voloshina, Elena
name: Usvyat, Denis
name: Schuetz, Martin
name: Dedkov, Yuriy
name: Paulus, Beate
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The electronic structure of the zero-gap two-dimensional graphene has a charge neutrality point exactly at the Fermi level that limits the practical application of this material. There are several ways to modify the Fermi-level-region of graphene, e.g. adsorption of graphene on different substrates or different molecules on its surface. In all cases the so-called dispersion or van der Waals interactions can play a crucial role in the mechanism, which describes the modification of electronic structure of graphene. The adsorption of water on graphene is not very accurately reproduced in the standard density functional theory (DFT) calculations and highly-accurate quantum-chemical treatments are required. A possibility to apply wavefunction-based methods to extended systems is the use of local correlation schemes. The adsorption energies obtained in the present work by means of CCSD(T) are much higher in magnitude than the values calculated with standard DFT functional although they agree that physisorption is observed. The obtained results are compared with the values available in literature for binding of water on the graphene-like substrates.
description: 17 pages, 3 figures, 1 table
Single-photon device requirements for operating linear optics quantum computing outside the post-selection basis
Creators: name: Jennewein, Thomas
name: Barbieri, Marco
name: White, Andrew G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Photonics is a promising architecture for the realisation of quantum information processing, since the two-photon interaction, or non-linearity, necessary to build logical gates can efficiently be realised by the use of interference with ancillary photons and detection. Although single-photon sources and detectors are pivotal in realisations of such systems, clear guidelines for the required performance of realistic systems are yet to be defined. We present our detailed numerical simulation of several quantum optics circuits including sources and detectors all represented in multi-dimensional Fockspaces, which allows to obtain experimentally realistic performance bounds for for these devices. In addition, the single-photon source based on switched parametric down-conversion is studied, which in principle could reach the required performance. Three approaches for implementing the switching hierarchy of the photons are simulated, and their anticipated performance is obtained. Our results define the bar for the optical devices needed to achieve the first level of linear-optics quantum computing outside the coincidence basis.
description: To appear in J. Mod. Optics