cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Tra neuroscienze e scienze umane. Qualche riflessione... con un po' di 'polemos'
Creators: name: Aprile, Luigi
Publisher: name: Studi sulla Formazione
Year: 2011

description: The author emphasizes the complexity of the issue in neuroscience today and how this issue has a strong interdisciplinary value. The author notes that as an argument for specialists, the problem of neuroscience has become a trendy topic, such is the pervasiveness of the argument of discussion at the level of popular science magazines, newspapers, mass media, like television , the radio, but also, to some extent, on the Internet(from social networking tools such as “You Tube”, etc..). The theme of neuroscience is so urgent that the author pres- ents some reflections on the relationship it has with psychoanalysis, social sciences and other disciplines.
description: Studi sulla Formazione, Anno XIV, I-2011
Hybrid stars from a constrained equation of state
Creators: name: Ferreira, Márcio
name: Pereira, Renan Câmara
name: Providência, Constança
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We determine, within a meta-model, the properties of the nuclear matter equation of state (EoS) that allow for a phase transition to deconfinement matter. It is shown that the properties that define the isoscalar channel are the ones that are affected, in particular, a phase transition implies much larger values of the skewness and kurtosis. The effect of multi-quark interaction channels in the description of the quark phase in hybrid stars is also studied. NS properties, such as the mass and radius of the quark core, show an interplay dependence between the 8-quark vector and the 4-quark isovector-vector interactions. We show that low mass NS, $M\sim 1.4 M_\odot$, may already contain a quark core, and satisfy all existing NS observational constraints. We discuss the strangeness content of the quark core and its influence on the speed of sound.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures, Contribution to the Virtual Tribute to Quark Confinement and the Hadron Spectrum 2021 conference proceedings (vConf21)
title: Systematic Framework for Evaluating Treated Wastewater Usage in Agricultural Irrigation
Creators: name: Nazzal, Yasser Kamal
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2005

description: A general systematic framework with several sub-frameworks was developed to help managers make informed decisions related to the reuse of treated wastewater in agricultural irrigation. The framework involves the identification and evaluation of the short- and long-term effects of using treated wastewater with some common constituents of concern ( e.g. salts and some specific ions, nutrients, heavy metals, organic compounds, and microorganisms) on the environmental elements ( crop , soils, surface water, and groundwater), and on the public health. Local and/ or international standards, criteria, and guidelines related to agricultural reuse are applied to the evaluation of the effects. Based on the evaluation results, decisions are made and management alternatives are proposed. The management alternatives include improving the wastewater treatment level , blending treated wastewater with good-quality water, using an appropriate irrigation method, using different reuse schemes, and zero discharging from specific industries.
The framework demonstration includes the data input, information processing, output, evaluation, and decision-making phases. Data related to the plant-soil system (crop, soil, and any other assimilation pathway), and the behavior and fate of treated wastewater constituents are necessary for the identification of the effect on the environmental elements. Jordan was selected as a case study for the demonstration of the general systematic framework. Due to the lack of data related to the different constituents, some of the hazardous heavy metals were considered in the demonstration with the worst condition of accumulating the whole quantity of metals in the soil. The demonstration results showed that, at least for the coming 40 years Jordan can practice the reuse of the treated wastewater for agricultural irrigation without exceeding the maximum allowable limits in the agricultural soils based on the USEPA for biosolid application. With regard to blending and system efficiency, the demo result s also showed that they do not have an effect on the long-term accumulation of the hazardous metals in the soil.
The general systematic framework is a decision tool, which is able to answer questions related to water treatment level and type , when to blend with freshwater, the recommended blending ratio, the recommended irrigation method, selection of the optimum reuse scheme, as well as providing answers to questions related to industrial wastewater constituents.
Do rent controls and other tenancy regulations affect new construction? Some answers from long-run historical evidence
Creators: name: Kholodilin, Konstantin A.
name: Kohl, Sebastian
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Residential construction
subject: rent control
subject: tenure security
subject: housing rationing
subject: panel data model
subject: 300 Sozialwissenschaften::330 Wirtschaft::330 Wirtschaft

description: The (re-)introduction of tenancy regulation in the form of rent controls, tenant protection or supply rationing is back on the agenda of policymakers in light of rent inflation in many global cities. While rent controls promise short-term relief, economists point to their negative long-run effects on new construction. This study presents new long-run data on both rent regulation and housing construction for 16 developed countries (1910–2016) and finds that more restrictive rental market legislation generally has a negative impact on both new housing construction and residential investment. This is especially true for strict rent controls and housing rationing measures in the post-1960 period. Tenancy security can on average also dampen construction activity. The negative effect is overall less significant and strong in magnitude than expected and may have been offset by exemptions for new construction, by compensating social housing construction and by a flight of new construction into the owner-occupied sector. Still, on average, rent controls came at the cost of less construction activity.
Far-IR and radio thermal continua in solar flares
Creators: name: Kašparová, J.
name: Heinzel, P.
name: Karlický, M.
name: Moravec, Z.
name: Varady, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: With the invention of new far-infrared (FIR) and radio mm and sub-mm instruments (DESIR on SMESE satellite, ESO-ALMA), there is a growing interest in observations and analysis of solar flares in this so far unexplored wavelength region. Two principal radiation mechanisms play a role: the synchrotron emission due to accelerated particle beams moving in the magnetic field and the thermal emission due to the energy deposit in the lower atmospheric layers. In this contribution we explore the time-dependent effects of beams on thermal FIR and radio continua. We show how and where these continua are formed in the presence of time dependent beam heating and non-thermal excitation/ionisation of the chromospheric hydrogen plasma.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures, accepted to Central European Astrophysical Bulletin
A prognostic baseline blood biomarker and tumor growth kinetics integrated model in paclitaxel/platinum treated advanced non-small cell lung cancer patients
Creators: name: Williams Ojara, Francis
name: Henrich, Andrea
name: Frances, Nicolas
name: Nassar, Yomna M.
name: Huisinga, Wilhelm
name: Hartung, Niklas
name: Geiger, Kimberly
name: Holdenrieder, Stefan
name: Joerger, Markus
name: Kloft, Charlotte
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: paclitaxel/platinum chemotherapy
subject: non-small cell lung cancer
subject: prediction of overall survival
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::615 Pharmakologie, Therapeutik

description: Paclitaxel/platinum chemotherapy, the backbone of standard first-line treatment of advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), exhibits high interpatient variability in treatment response and high toxicity burden. Baseline blood biomarker concentrations and tumor size (sum of diameters) at week 8 relative to baseline (RS8) are widely investigated prognostic factors. However, joint analysis of data on demographic/clinical characteristics, blood biomarker levels, and chemotherapy exposure-driven early tumor response for improved prediction of overall survival (OS) is clinically not established. We developed a Weibull time-to-event model to predict OS, leveraging data from 365 patients receiving paclitaxel/platinum combination chemotherapy once every three weeks for ≤six cycles. A developed tumor growth inhibition model, combining linear tumor growth and first-order paclitaxel area under the concentration-time curve-induced tumor decay, was used to derive individual RS8. The median model-derived RS8 in all patients was a 20.0% tumor size reduction (range from −78% to +15%). Whereas baseline carcinoembryonic antigen, cytokeratin fragments, and thyroid stimulating hormone levels were not significantly associated with OS in a subset of 221 patients, and lactate dehydrogenase, interleukin-6 and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio levels were significant only in univariate analyses (p value < 0.05); C-reactive protein (CRP) in combination with RS8 most significantly affected OS (p value < 0.01). Compared to the median population OS of 11.3 months, OS was 128% longer at the 5th percentile levels of both covariates and 60% shorter at their 95th percentiles levels. The combined paclitaxel exposure-driven RS8 and baseline blood CRP concentrations enables early individual prognostic predictions for different paclitaxel dosing regimens, forming the basis for treatment decision and optimizing paclitaxel/platinum-based advanced NSCLC chemotherapy.
To the methodology of low temperature technologies: mathematical analysis of Langevin forces in superconductor
Creators: name: Tolbatov, Iogann
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Langevin forces are investigated in the framework of the phenomenological Ginzburg-Landau (GL) theory. These stochastic forces introducted in the time-dependent Ginzburg-Landau (TDGL) equation describing the superconductor transport properties above the critical temperature model the fluctuations action. We assume that there exists a profound connection between the fluctuation Cooper pair energy spectrum and the Langevin forces possible values spectrum. In investigation carried out on the basis of that hypothesis we obtain the analytical expression for Langevin forces defining them by means of order parameter, i.e., by means of the fluctuation Cooper pair wave function. Langevin forces properties are analyzed. The conlusion about their complex nature is done. Asymptotic analysis of Langevin forces is performed.
description: 8 pages, 0 figures
The Numidian formation and its Lateral Successions (Central-Western Mediterranean): a review
Creators: name: Belayouni, Habib
name: Guerrera, Francesco
name: Martin-Martin, Manuel
name: Le Breton, Eline
name: Tramontana, Mario
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Westernmost Tethys
subject: Maghrebian Flysch Basin
subject: Numidian Formation
subject: Lateral Numidian Successions
subject: GPlates kinematic reconstructions
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::550 Geowissenschaften, Geologie::550 Geowissenschaften

description: The widely debated late Oligocene-middle Miocene Numidian Fm (NF) consists of supermature quartzose sediments deposited in the Maghrebian Flysch Basin (MFB) outcropping from the Betic Cordillera to the Southern Apennine passing by the Maghrebian Chain. The NF is commonly composed of three lithostratigraphic members and is characterized by two vertical successions (Type A and Type B) corresponding to different sedimentation areas in the MFB. It is noteworthy the occurrence of widespread lateral successions of the NF (Types C, D and E) indicating in some cases an interference of the Numidian sedimentation with other different depositional systems and supplies. The Type C ‘Mixed Successions’, deposited in depocentre areas, are composed of supermature Numidian supply interfingering with immature siliciclastic materials, coming from the internal portion of the MFB. The Type D consists of supermature Numidian materials supplied from the Africa Margin (external sub-domains) deposited in sub-basins on the Africa-Adria margins, outside the typical Numidian depositional area. The Type E, which stratigraphically overlies both the South Iberian Margin (SIM) and the Mesomediterranean Microplate (MM), represents the migration of the Numidian depositional system to reach the opposite margins of the MFB. The occurrence at a regional scale of all the above-mentioned lateral successions reveals a great evolutionary complexity resulting also from further constraints, which must be considered for palaeogeographic and palaeotectonic reconstructions. Another important point deals with the diachronism of the top of the NF, observed eastward from the Betic-Rifian Arc and the Algerian-Tunisian Tell (Burdigalian p.p.) to Sicily (Langhian p.p.) and up to the Southern Apennine (at least Langhian/Serravallian boundary) which can be related with eastwards delay in the MFB closure. The palaeogeographic reconstruction of the Numidian depositional area presented in this paper, which is also included into a global kinematic model, represents a first attempt to use the software GPlates for this subject.
Nice, but not smart? Attributional backlash from displaying prosocial behavior in the classroom
Creators: name: Streck, Hannah
name: Kessels, Ursula
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Academic achievement
subject: Attribution
subject: Gender
subject: Paradoxical effects of praise
subject: Prosocial behavior
subject: 300 Sozialwissenschaften::370 Bildung und Erziehung::370 Bildung und Erziehung

description: According to attributional theory, when the application of effort leads to success we praise the achievement. Effort and ability, however, are seen as compensatory and thus, paradoxically, being praised can lead to attributions of low ability. Our study investigates whether praise, not for academic performance, but for social classroom behavior, would also incur attributional backlash. We examined whether prosociality relates to attributions of high effort and low ability, mediated by expected teacher praise and happiness. In adolescence, prosocial behavior is displayed more by females and aligns with femininity. We conducted an experimental vignette study with 324 German ninth graders to examine whether prosocial students experience a denigration of achievement via expected teacher reaction. Multilevel modelling showed that compared to nondescript students, prosocial students were judged to receive good grades as a result of effort and less due to ability, but this was not related to expected teacher reactions. Prosocial students were also judged to be more likeable and popular. Examination of gender-related outcomes showed that prosocial students were believed to be more feminine, but also more masculine than the nondescript student. Female prosocial targets were thought to be more typical, but not as occurring more frequently than their male counterparts. The results are discussed in reference to the paradox of praise. The limitations and implications of the research are discussed, particularly regarding female students’ achievements.
Stars and brown dwarfs in the sigma Orionis cluster. II. A proper motion study
Creators: name: Caballero, Jose A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Aims: I seek to fully know the stellar and substellar populations in the young sigma Orionis open cluster, which is a benchmark for star-forming studies. Because of the very low proper motion of the cluster, late-type dwarfs with appreciable proper motion in the foreground of sigma Orionis can be easily discarded for expensive spectroscopic follow-up. Methods: I use the Aladin sky atlas, USNO-B1, public astrometric catalogues, and photographic plate digitisations to identify stars with proper motions inconsistent with cluster membership in a circular area of radius 30 arcmin centred on the early-type multiple system sigma Ori. Mostly due to the long time baseline, of more than half a century, the errors in the measured proper motions are lower than 2 mas/a. Results: Of the 42 stars selected for astrometric follow-up, 37 of them are proper-motion cluster interlopers. Some USNO-B1 measurements were affected by partially resolved (visual) multiplicity and target faintness. Because of their late spectral types and, hence, red colours, 24 contaminants had been considered as sigma Orionis members at some moment. I discuss how contamination may have affected previous works (especially related to disc frequencies) and the curious presence of lithium absorption in three M-dwarf proper-motion contaminants. Finally, I classify the bright star HD 294297 as a late-F field dwarf unrelated to the cluster based on a new proper motion measurement. Conclusions: Although proper motions cannot be used to confirm membership in sigma Orionis, they can be used instead to discard a number of cluster member candidates without spectroscopy.
description: A&A, in press (v2: language edited)
Etsi Deus non daretur. Quale uso nel discorso pedagogico?
Creators: name: Mattei, Francesco
Publisher: name: Studi sulla Formazione
Year: 2012

description: The Grozio’s sentence “etsi Deus non daretur” has many interpretations: studying the relationship between faith and reason, between religiosity and laicism, etc., is necessary to question why the occidental culture excludes God from public consciousness. Beyond the indoctrination, the text hopes epistemological analysis – able to master the rules of speech and the logic of language – about the presence of God in the pedagogical discourse.
description: Studi sulla Formazione, Anno XIV, II-2011
Historical developments in writing for low horn
Creators: name: Stonestreet, RJ
Publisher: name: University Of Tasmania
Year: 2023

description: Playing in the lower register forms a vital part of every horn player's skill set, however the fact that this is no longer considered a specialised skill has led to it becoming a neglected facet in both the practice and teaching of many students. There are significant benefits to low register work on the horn, as well as many challenges, yet teaching resources that emphasize and develop the 'low horn' skill set are rather uncommon and somewhat limited. Similarly, solo works that truly feature the low register appear to be few and far between; most are rarely performed or recognized for their specific difficulties. However, there are a number of new low horn works that have become available in previous years and these contributions, in addition to the older works that do include challenging low horn passages, add up to a considerable amount of repertoire. Many of these works remain largely unknown amongst horn players although they are certainly capable of filling the currently existing void. This research explores these works, investigating their musical and technical challenges and their historical context through a series of public recitals where solo works were performed. This has resulted in a folio of recordings and an accompanying exegesis. The written component contextualises the works performed within the developments made to the instruments manufacture and how these changes influenced composers, performers and pedagogues alike towards the technique and virtuosity that is now generally expected. This account extends form the historical natural instrument of the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, through the implementation of the valve to the well-known solos of Carl Nielsen (1865-1931) and Hermann Neuling (1897-1967) from the mid part of the twentieth century and beyond to include the most recent compositions becoming available. Through their performance and greater exposure it is hoped that an increased focus will be placed on this very necessary aspect of horn technique in the future development of students.
A Future Test of Gravitation Using Galaxy Cluster Velocities
Creators: name: Kosowsky, Arthur
name: Bhattacharya, Suman
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The accelerating expansion of the Universe at recent epochs has called into question the validity of general relativity on cosmological scales. One probe of gravity is a comparison of expansion history of the Universe with the history of structure growth via gravitational instability: general relativity predicts a specific relation between these two observables. Here we show that the mean pairwise streaming velocity of galaxy clusters provides a useful method of constraining this relation. Galaxy cluster velocities can be measured via the kinetic Sunyaev-Zeldovich distortion of the cosmic microwave background radiation; future surveys can provide large enough catalogs of cluster velocities to discriminate between general relativity and other proposed gravitational theories.
description: 4 pages, 1 figure
Findings consistent with equine proximal suspensory desmitis can be reliably detected using computed tomography and differ between affected horses and controls
Creators: name: Müller, Eva M. T.
name: Vanderperren, Katrien
name: Merle, Roswitha
name: Rheinfeld, Svenja
name: Leelamankong, Pitiporn
name: Lischer, Christoph J.
name: Ehrle, Anna
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: advanced diagnostic imaging
subject: hindlimb
subject: lateral plantar nerve
subject: ligament enlargement
subject: proximal suspensory measurements
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::630 Landwirtschaft::630 Landwirtschaft und verwandte Bereiche

description: The objective of this retrospective, observational, controlled study was to evaluate bone and soft tissue window CT images of the proximoplantar metatarsus III region in twenty horses with pain localized to the proximal suspensory ligament (PSL) and 20 horses with findings nonrelated to tarsal pain. All horses underwent CT and radiographic examination. Images were reviewed by three independent observers who graded the severity and localization of findings. Bone-related categories as well as soft tissue-related categories were evaluated. For the comparison of imaging findings in horses with and without proximal suspensory desmitis (PSD), mixed linear regression was performed. The intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was calculated to assess intraobserver agreement, and kappa statistics were employed to evaluate interobserver agreement. CT examination identified significantly more abnormalities in the diseased group. The scores for osseous exostosis (p = .015) and PSL enlargement (p = .004) were notably higher in PSD horses compared to controls. Intraobserver agreement was overall high (ICC .82–1.0), and interobserver agreement was substantial for the detection of mineralization (kappa = .61) and moderate for sclerosis (kappa = .43), exostosis (kappa = .43), and PSL enlargement (kappa = .48/.51). Measurements in the soft tissue window were significantly smaller than those in the bone window. Findings concurrent with PSD including osseous proliferation and sclerosis as well as soft tissue enlargement, mineralization, and avulsion can be reliably detected using CT. Findings from the current study supported the use of CT for evaluating horses with suspected PSD where high-field MRI is not available.
title: A Confidence Interval Estimate of Percentile
Creators: name: Jou, How Coung
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1980

description: The confidence interval estimate of percentile and its applications were studied. The three methods of estimating a confidence interval were introduced. Some properties of order statistics were reviewed. The Monte Carlo Method -- used to estimate the confidence interval was the most important one among the three methods. The generation of ordered random variables and the estimation of parameters were discussed clearly. The comparison of the three methods showed that the Monte Carlo method would always work, but the K-S and the simplified methods would not.
Amoebic gill disease of Atlantic salmon : resistance, serum antibody response and factors that may influence disease severity
Creators: name: Vincent, BN
Publisher: name: University Of Tasmania
Year: 2023

description: Amoebic gill disease (AGD) is a condition of some marine-cultured fish worldwide and is the result of Neoparamoeba spp. infection. If AGD-affected fish are left untreated, major mortalities can occur. In Tasmania, Australia, fresh water bathing remains the only treatment for AGD, a practice that represents approximately 10-20% of production costs. Therefore, development of a preventative measure such as vaccination is a priority for Tasmanian salmon growers. In this project, resistance of Atlantic salmon to AGD and the development of a serum antibody response to Neoparamoeba spp. were assessed. Sera from AGD-affected Atlantic salmon were screened to identify potential candidate antigens for an AGD vaccine. Atlantic salmon exposed to Neoparamoeba spp. and subsequently challenged with AGD demonstrated resistance in terms of increased survival compared to AGD-narve fish. In addition, antibodies that bound cell-surface carbohydrate epitope(s) of Neoparamoeba spp. were detected in the sera of some fish after secondary exposure to Neoparamoeba spp .. In light of this, further screening of sera from Atlantic salmon exposed to Neoparamoeba spp. in the laboratory or during sea-cage culture was conducted. Antibodies present in the sera of some AGD-affected Atlantic salmon predominately bound carbohydrate residues expressed on the cell-surface of Neoparamoeba spp. Ideally an AGD vaccine would contain peptide antigen(s) that can easily be produced by recombinant DNA technology. Therefore, an alternative approach to identify candidate vaccine antigens for an AGD vaccine was needed. Some pathogenic amoebae colonise host tissues via lectin-mediated attachment and lectins have shown promise as candidate vaccine antigens. The in vivo effect of mucus and saccharides on the ability of Neoparamoeba spp. to cause AGD was investigated. The number of AGD lesions was significantly reduced when amoebae were incubated in mucus or any of the range of saccharides assessed. These data suggest that colonisation of Neoparamoeba spp. on gill tissues of Atlantic salmon may be lectin-mediated and the ensuing infection can enhance resistance to Neoparamoeba spp. However, very few AGD-affected Atlantic salmon develop a serum antibody response to Neoparamoeba spp. suggesting that the development of antibody-mediated protection of Atlantic salmon during Neoparamoeba spp. infection is unlikely.
Independent analysis of the orbits of Pioneer 10 and 11
Creators: name: Toth, Viktor T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Independently developed orbit determination software is used to analyze the orbits of Pioneer 10 and 11 using Doppler data. The analysis takes into account the gravitational fields of the Sun and planets using the latest JPL ephemerides, accurate station locations, signal propagation delays (e.g., the Shapiro delay, atmospheric effects), the spacecrafts' spin, and maneuvers. New to this analysis is the ability to utilize telemetry data for spin, maneuvers, and other on-board systematic effects. Using data that was analyzed in prior JPL studies, the anomalous acceleration of the two spacecraft is confirmed. We are also able to put limits on any secondary acceleration (i.e., jerk) terms. The tools that were developed will be used in the upcoming analysis of recently recovered Pioneer 10 and 11 Doppler data files.
description: 22 pages, 5 figures; accepted for publication in IJMPD
Paradigms of Computational Agency
Creators: name: Srinivasa, Srinath
name: Deshmukh, Jayati
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Multiagent Systems (cs.MA)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Agent-based models have emerged as a promising paradigm for addressing ever increasing complexity of information systems. In its initial days in the 1990s when object-oriented modeling was at its peak, an agent was treated as a special kind of "object" that had a persistent state and its own independent thread of execution. Since then, agent-based models have diversified enormously to even open new conceptual insights about the nature of systems in general. This paper presents a perspective on the disparate ways in which our understanding of agency, as well as computational models of agency have evolved. Advances in hardware like GPUs, that brought neural networks back to life, may also similarly infuse new life into agent-based models, as well as pave the way for advancements in research on Artificial General Intelligence (AGI).
description: Earlier version of this paper was published as a book chapter in the book titled Novel Approaches to Information Systems Design
GPU-accelerated image alignment for object detection in industrial applications
Creators: name: Le, Trung-Son
name: Lin, Chyi-Yeu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This research proposes a practical method for detecting featureless objects by using image alignment approach with a robust similarity measure in industrial applications. This similarity measure is robust against occlusion, illumination changes and background clutter. The performance of the proposed GPU (Graphics Processing Unit) accelerated algorithm is deemed successful in experiments of comparison between both CPU and GPU implementations
Assessing the quality of science teachers' lesson plans: Evaluation and application of a novel instrument
Creators: name: Großmann, Leroy
name: Krüger, Dirk
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: assessment
subject: lesson plan
subject: science teacher education
subject: scoring rubric
subject: validity
subject: 300 Sozialwissenschaften::370 Bildung und Erziehung::370 Bildung und Erziehung

description: Lesson planning is a core part of teachers' professional competence. Written lesson plans play a significant role in science teacher education as a preparation for demonstration lessons during the final teacher certification exam. However, the few existing scoring rubrics on lesson plans are not particularly theoretically sound and are barely tested for the validity of score interpretations. In response to the demand for transparent and applicable criteria, we developed the rubric to assess science lesson plans (RALP) to assess science teachers' lesson plan quality. We employed a mixed-methods approach: First, we present multiple sources of validity evidence (based on test content, internal structure, relations to other variables, and consequences of testing) as mainly quantitative indicators for the quality of the RALP. Based upon that, we applied the RALP to lesson plans written by preservice and trainee science teachers (N = 100) and provided a qualitative analysis of six cases to illustrate common patterns in these lesson plans. Results indicate that teacher educators consider the RALP criteria (N = 24) relevant and objectively applicable. Correlation analyses of the scores and two teacher educators' holistic quality assessment of all lesson plans provide convincing evidence that the RALP can discriminate lesson plan quality levels. Moreover, comparisons between preservice science teachers and trainee science teachers reveal that trainee teachers score significantly higher than preservice teachers, indicating that the RALP is sensitive to differences in teaching and planning experience. The application and in-depth analysis of three criteria of the RALP illustrate these differences in levels of planning quality. We discuss possible applications of the RALP in science teacher education and research in science teaching.
title: Longitudinal Thermal and Solute Dynamics in Regulated Rivers
Creators: name: Haider, Muhammad Rezaul
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2017

description: Dam releases increase river stage and can reverse groundwater movement into and out of the river. As the flood, thermal, and solute waves travel downstream in a regulated river, the size of the waves is anticipated to be affected both by river processes and exchanges with near river groundwater. This study established a modeling framework to quantify the influences of the groundwater exchanges on the temperatures and solute concentration dynamics along regulated rivers. The wave properties, volume of exchanges, conservative solute mass exchanges, and heat energy exchanges were calculated as a function of time and distance downstream. Results show that the temperature and solute concentrations are influenced by the arrival of flood waves. Groundwater exchanges were found to affect temperatures along the river with a minimal effect on solute concentration. These findings provide insight regarding the influences of hydropeaking occurring in a large fraction of rivers in the world which has important implications for water quality and the ecology of regulated rivers.
Unravelling the transport of moisture into the Saharan Air Layer using passive tracers and isotopes
Creators: name: Dahinden, Fabienne
name: Aemisegger, Franziska
name: Wernli, Heini
name: Pfahl, Stephan
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: atmospheric humidity
subject: moisture sources
subject: moisture transport
subject: Saharan Air Layer
subject: stable water isotopes
subject: turbulent mixing
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::550 Geowissenschaften, Geologie::551 Geologie, Hydrologie, Meteorologie

description: The subtropical free troposphere plays a critical role in the radiative balance of the Earth. However, the complex interactions controlling moisture in this sensitive region and, in particular, the relative importance of long-range transport compared to lower-tropospheric mixing, remain unclear. This study uses the regional COSMO model equipped with stable water isotopes and passive water tracers to quantify the contributions of different evaporative sources to the moisture and its stable isotope signals in the eastern subtropical North Atlantic free troposphere. In summer, this region is characterized by two alternating large-scale circulation regimes: (i) dry, isotopically depleted air from the upper-level extratropics, and (ii) humid, enriched air advected from Northern Africa within the Saharan Air Layer (SAL) consisting of a mixture of moisture of diverse origin (tropical and extratropical North Atlantic, Africa, Europe, the Mediterranean). This diversity of moisture sources in regime (ii) arises from the convergent inflow at low levels of air from different neighbouring regions into the Saharan heat low (SHL), where it is mixed and injected by convective plumes into the large-scale flow aloft, and thereafter expelled to the North Atlantic within the SAL. Remarkably, this regime is associated with a large contribution of moisture that evaporated from the North Atlantic, which makes a detour through the SHL and eventually reaches the 850–550 hPa layer above the Canaries. Moisture transport from Europe via the SHL to the same layer leads to the strongest enrichment in heavy isotopes (δ2H correlates most strongly with this tracer). The vertical profiles over the North Atlantic show increased humidity and δ2H and reduced static stability in the 850–550 hPa layer, and smaller cloud fraction in the boundary layer in regime (ii) compared to regime (i), highlighting the key role of moisture transport through the SHL in modulating the radiative balance in this region.
Designing a concept to facilitate the setup of African University Presses
Creators: name: Havemann, Jo
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: University Press, Institutional Repository, Research in Africa

description: A virtual presentation about opportunities and approaches to set up new as well as leverage existing University Presses in Africa. By invitation from the Harare Institute of Technology; https://www.hit.ac.zw/.
 Mentioned resources include: Association of University Presses; https://aupresses.org/ JISC New University Press Toolkit; https://www.jisc.ac.uk/guides/new-university-press-toolkit AfricArXiv country profiles: https://africarxiv.pubpub.org/countries-of-africa Zimbabwe country profile: https://africarxiv.pubpub.org/zimbabwe For any questions or inquiries, contact us at info@africarxiv.org
Inculturazione e sfida educativa
Creators: name: Casalini, Cristiano
Publisher: name: Studi sulla Formazione
Year: 2013

description: “Inculturation” is a term introduced in theology by the General Congregation of the Society of Jesus. Fr. Pedro Arrupe S.J. wrote a well-known letter on this topic, gaining for the term “inculturation” a great fortune in Catholic culture and education. Yet, its meaning and importance are usually neglected by educational theorists, who prefer to deal with the concept of “intercultural education”. But, even if several catholic theologists have more recently stated that the concept of interculture is more fertile than that of inculturation, this paper aims at demonstrating the cultural differences between the two concepts and at settling a theo- retical framework for an education based on inculturation.
description: Studi sulla Formazione, Anno XVI, I-2013
Towards autonomous artificial agents with an active self: modeling sense of control in situated action
Creators: name: Kahl, Sebastian
name: Wiese, Sebastian
name: Russwinkel, Nele
name: Kopp, Stefan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: In this paper we present a computational modeling account of an active self in artificial agents. In particular we focus on how an agent can be equipped with a sense of control and how it arises in autonomous situated action and, in turn, influences action control. We argue that this requires laying out an embodied cognitive model that combines bottom-up processes (sensorimotor learning and fine-grained adaptation of control) with top-down processes (cognitive processes for strategy selection and decision-making). We present such a conceptual computational architecture based on principles of predictive processing and free energy minimization. Using this general model, we describe how a sense of control can form across the levels of a control hierarchy and how this can support action control in an unpredictable environment. We present an implementation of this model as well as first evaluations in a simulated task scenario, in which an autonomous agent has to cope with un-/predictable situations and experiences corresponding sense of control. We explore different model parameter settings that lead to different ways of combining low-level and high-level action control. The results show the importance of appropriately weighting information in situations where the need for low/high-level action control varies and they demonstrate how the sense of control can facilitate this.
description: 27 pages, 6 figures, This is a pre-print of a manuscript that has been accepted for publication at Cognitive Systems Research. Please always cite the peer-reviewed article under https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cogsys.2021.11.005
title: Selecting the Best Linear Model From a Subset of All Possible Models for a Given Set of Predictors in a Multiple Linear Regression Analysis
Creators: name: Jensen, David L.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1972

description: Sixteen "model building" and "model selection" procedures commonly encountered in industry, all of which were initially alleged to be capable of identifying the best model from the collection of 2k possible linear models corresponding to a given set of k predictors in a multiple linear regression analysis, were individually summarized and subsequently evaluated by considering their comparative advantages and limitations from both a theoretical and a practical standpoint. It was found that none of the proposed procedures were absolutely infallible and that several were actually unsuitable. However, it was also found that most of these techniques could still be profitably employed by the analyst, and specific directional guidelines were recommended for their implementation in a proper analysis. Furthermore, the specific role of the analyst in a multiple linear regression application was clearly defined in a practical sense.
title: A µ-Model Approach on the Cell Means: The Analysis of Full, Design Models with Non-Orthogonal Data
Creators: name: Van Koningsveld, Richard
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1979

description: This work considers the application of a µ-model approach on the cell means to a special yet important class of experimental designs. These include full factorial, completely nested, and mixed models with one or more observations per cell. By limiting attention to full models, an approach to the general data situation is developed which is both conceptually simple and computationally advantageous.
Conceptually, the method is simple because the design related effects are defined as if the cell means are single observations. This leads to a rather simple algorithm for generating main effect contrasts, from which associated interaction contrasts can also be formed. While the sums of squares found from these contrasts are not additive with non-orthogonal data, they do lead to the class of design related hypotheses with the clearest interpretation in terms of the cells.
The computational method is advantageous because the sum of squares for each source of variation is evaluated separately. This avoids the storage and inversion of a potentially large matrix associated with alternative methods, and allows the user to evaluate only those sources of interest.
The methodology outlined in this work is programmed into a user-easy, interactive terminal version for the analysis of these n-factor design models.
Theoretical Study of the Thermal Decomposition of a Jet Fuel Surrogate
Creators: name: Sirjean, Baptiste
name: Herbinet, Olivier
name: Glaude, Pierre-Alexandre
name: Ruiz-Lopez, M. F.
name: Fournet, René
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In a scramjet, the fuel can be used to cool down the engine walls. The thermal decomposition of the jet fuel changes the reacting mixture before its combustion. A numerical study of the pyrolysis of norbornane, a jet fuel surrogate, has been performed. Rate constants of some sensitive reaction channels have been calculated by means of quantum chemical calculations at the CBS-QB3 level of theory. The mechanism has been validated against experimental results obtained in a jet-stirred reactor and important and/or sensitive pathways have been derived.
A New Mirror Alignment System for the VERITAS Telescopes
Creators: name: McCann, A.
name: Hanna, D.
name: Kildea, J.
name: McCutcheon, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes (IACTs) used for ground-based gamma-ray astronomy at TeV energies use reflectors with areas on the order of 100m$^2$ as their primary optic. These tessellated reflectors comprise hundreds of mirror facets mounted on a space frame to achieve this large area at a reasonable cost. To achieve a reflecting surface of sufficient quality one must precisely orient each facet using a procedure known as alignment. We describe here an alignment system which uses a digital (CCD) camera placed at the focus of the optical system, facing the reflector. The camera acquires a series of images of the reflector while the telescope scans a grid of points centred on the direction of a bright star. Correctly aligned facets are brightest when the telescope is pointed directly at the star, while mis-aligned facets are brightest when the angle between the star and the telescope pointing direction is twice the misalignment angle of the facet. Data from this scan can be used to calculate the adjustments required to align each facet. We have constructed such a system and have tested it on three of the VERITAS IACTs. Using this system the optical point spread functions of the telescopes have been narrowed by more than 30%. We present here a description of the system and results from initial use.
description: 15 pages, 13 figures
Additional file 1 of Ten-year distant-recurrence risk prediction in breast cancer by CanAssist Breast (CAB) in Dutch sub-cohort of the randomized TEAM trial
Creators: name: Zhang, Xi
name: Gunda, Aparna
name: Kranenbarg, Elma Meershoek-Klein
name: Liefers, Gerrit-Jan
name: Savitha, Badada Ananthamurthy
name: Shrivastava, Payal
name: Serkad, Chandra Prakash Vijay Kumar
name: Kaur, Taranjot
name: Eshwaraiah, Mallikarjuna Siraganahalli
name: Tollenaar, Rob A. E. M.
name: van de Velde, Cornelis J. H.
name: Seynaeve, Caroline M. J.
name: Bakre, Manjiri
name: Kuppen, Peter J. K.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Medicine
Pharmacology
Biotechnology
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
Cancer
Science Policy

description: Additional file 1: Fig. S1. CONSORT flow diagram to account for missing patients in the Dutch sub-cohort of the TEAM trial. TNM stage IV was defined as evidence of metastatic disease. a Not applicated due to insufficient pathological slides. b This patient stopped adjuvant therapies and was lost of follow-up after receiving just two endocrine tablets due to serious adverse effects.
A general approach to transversal versions of Dirac-type theorems
Creators: name: Gupta, Pranshu
name: Hamann, Fabian
name: Müyesser, Alp
name: Parczyk, Olaf
name: Sgueglia, Amedeo
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: general approach
subject: transversal versions
subject: Dirac-type theorems
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::510 Mathematik::510 Mathematik

description: Given a collection of hypergraphs 𝐇=(𝐻1,...,𝐻𝑚) with the same vertex set, an 𝑚-edge graph 𝐹⊂∪𝑖∈[𝑚]𝐻𝑖 is atransversal if there is a bijection 𝜙∶𝐸(𝐹)→[𝑚] such that 𝑒∈𝐸(𝐻𝜙(𝑒)) for each 𝑒∈𝐸(𝐹). How large does the minimum degree of each 𝐻𝑖 need to be so that 𝐇 necessarily contains a copy of 𝐹 that is a transversal? Each 𝐻𝑖 in the collection could be the same hypergraph,hence the minimum degree of each 𝐻𝑖 needs to be large enough to ensure that 𝐹⊆𝐻𝑖. Since its general introduction by Joos and Kim (Bull. Lond. Math. Soc. 52 (2020)498–504), a growing body of work has shown that inmany cases this lower bound is tight. In this paper, wegive a unified approach to this problem by providinga widely applicable sufficient condition for this lowerbound to be asymptotically tight. This is general enoughto recover many previous results in the area and obtainnovel transversal variants of several classical Dirac-typeresults for (powers of) Hamilton cycles. For example, wederive that any collection of 𝑟𝑛 graphs on an 𝑛-vertex set, each with minimum degree at least (𝑟∕(𝑟 + 1) +𝑜(1))𝑛, contains a transversal copy of the 𝑟th power of a Hamilton cycle. This can be viewed as a rainbow versionof the Pósa–Seymour conjecture.