cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Dynamic Visualization and Fast Computation for Convex Clustering via Algorithmic Regularization
Creators: name: Weylandt, Michael
name: Nagorski, John
name: I. Allen, Genevera
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Science Policy

description: Convex clustering is a promising new approach to the classical problem of clustering, combining strong performance in empirical studies with rigorous theoretical foundations. Despite these advantages, convex clustering has not been widely adopted, due to its computationally intensive nature and its lack of compelling visualizations. To address these impediments, we introduce Algorithmic Regularization, an innovative technique for obtaining high-quality estimates of regularization paths using an iterative one-step approximation scheme. We justify our approach with a novel theoretical result, guaranteeing global convergence of the approximate path to the exact solution under easily checked non-data-dependent assumptions. The application of algorithmic regularization to convex clustering yields the Convex Clustering via Algorithmic Regularization Paths (CARP) algorithm for computing the clustering solution path. On example datasets from genomics and text analysis, CARP delivers over a 100-fold speed-up over existing methods, while attaining a finer approximation grid than standard methods. Furthermore, CARP enables improved visualization of clustering solutions: the fine solution grid returned by CARP can be used to construct a convex clustering-based dendrogram, as well as forming the basis of a dynamic path-wise visualization based on modern web technologies. Our methods are implemented in the open-source R package clustRviz, available at https://github.com/DataSlingers/clustRviz. Supplementary materials for this article are available online.
Thermoelectric properties of Co, Ir, and Os-Doped FeSi Alloys: Evidence for Strong Electron-Phonon Coupling
Creators: name: Sales, Brian C.
name: Delaire, Olivier
name: McGuire, Michael A.
name: May, Andrew F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The effects of various transition metal dopants on the electrical and thermal transport properties of Fe1-xMxSi alloys (M= Co, Ir, Os) are reported. The maximum thermoelectric figure of merit ZTmax is improved from 0.007 at 60 K for pure FeSi to ZT = 0.08 at 100 K for 4% Ir doping. A comparison of the thermal conductivity data among Os, Ir and Co doped alloys indicates strong electron-phonon coupling in this compound. Because of this interaction, the common approximation of dividing the total thermal conductivity into independent electronic and lattice components (κTotal = κelectronic + κlattice) fails for these alloys. The effects of grain size on thermoelectric properties of Fe0.96Ir0.04Si alloys are also reported. The thermal conductivity can be lowered by about 50% with little or no effect on the electrical resistivity or Seebeck coefficient. This results in ZTmax = 0.125 at 100 K, still about a factor of five too low for solid-state refrigeration applications.
Basis transformation properties of anomalous dimensions for hard exclusive processes
Creators: name: Van Thurenhout, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: When considering the renormalization of composite operators for the description of hard exclusive scattering processes, two types of operator basis called the derivative basis and the Gegenbauer basis are often used in the literature. In this work we set up the explicit similarity transformations between these two bases, both for quark and gluon operators. This way, one can use the properties of both bases to their advantage in the computation of the operator anomalous dimensions, which describe the scale dependence of non-perturbative non-forward parton distributions. We provide several applications of our framework. As an application of the gluon transformation formula, we compute the one-loop non-forward purely gluonic anomalous dimension matrix. For the rest of the applications we focus on the transformation formula of the quark operator. We derive the Gegenbauer anomalous dimensions, in the limit of a large number of quark flavors $n_f$, to all orders in the strong coupling $α_s$, extending the computation previously performed in the derivative basis. Next a numeric calculation of the two-loop anomalous dimensions in the derivative basis beyond the leading-color limit is presented. Finally, we discuss a novel way of validating existing computations of the conformal anomaly based on the leading-color anomalous dimensions in the derivative basis.
description: 39 pages, LaTeX, 2 figures, journal version, fixed a typo in Eq.(7.5) [conclusions remain unchanged]
title: Berührung berühren – Begreifen verboten. Cheirophobe Philologie in Platons Gastmahl
Creators: name: Ungelenk, Johannes
Publisher: name: Universität Potsdam
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 100 Philosophie und Psychologie
subject: 800 Literatur und Rhetorik

description: Der Artikel arbeitet an Platons Gastmahl ein semantisches Netz rund um das Konzept des ‚Berührens‘ heraus. Dabei bildet das Verb ἅπτομαι ein zentrales Relais, das zwischen dem vieldiskutierten ‚philosophischen Gehalt‘ des Textes und der in ihrem performativen Beitrag meist unterschätzten Rahmenhandlung vermittelt. Im Nachvollzug der Konstellationen des Berührens zeigt sich, dass dem Berühren, als Berühren, nicht begrifflich beizukommen ist – es entzieht sich dem aneignenden Zugriff. Berühren ist eben nicht Begriff. Deshalb muss sich das Gastmahl der Berührung auf andere Weise nähern, nämlich berührend – wofür die narratologische Konstruktion des Textes von entscheidender Wichtigkeit ist. Er praktiziert Philo-Logie, d.h. nutzt die Macht der Worte, die genau daraus entsteht, dass sie in einer sehr präzisen Weise zwischen den Beteiligten aus einer konstitutiven Distanz heraus wirken.
description: Postprints der Universität Potsdam : Philosophische Reihe; 171
Fair Division with Subjective Divisibility
Creators: name: Bei, Xiaohui
name: Liu, Shengxin
name: Lu, Xinhang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computer Science and Game Theory (cs.GT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The classic fair division problems assume the resources to be allocated are either divisible or indivisible, or contain a mixture of both, but the agents always have a predetermined and uncontroversial agreement on the (in)divisibility of the resources. In this paper, we propose and study a new model for fair division in which agents have their own subjective divisibility over the goods to be allocated. That is, some agents may find a good to be indivisible and get utilities only if they receive the whole good, while others may consider the same good to be divisible and thus can extract utilities according to the fraction of the good they receive. We investigate fairness properties that can be achieved when agents have subjective divisibility. First, we consider the maximin share (MMS) guarantee and show that the worst-case MMS approximation guarantee is at most $2/3$ for $n \geq 2$ agents and this ratio is tight in the two- and three-agent cases. This is in contrast to the classic fair division settings involving two or three agents. We also give an algorithm that produces a $1/2$-MMS allocation for an arbitrary number of agents. Second, we study a hierarchy of envy-freeness relaxations, including EF1M, EFM and EFXM, ordered by increasing strength. While EF1M is compatible with non-wastefulness (an economic efficiency notion), this is not the case for EFM, even for two agents. Nevertheless, an EFXM and non-wasteful allocation always exists for two agents if at most one good is discarded.
description: Appears in the 19th Conference on Web and Internet Economics (WINE), 2023
Exclusive meson leptoproduction and spin dependent generalized parton distributions
Creators: name: Goldstein, Gary R.
name: Liuti, Simonetta
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Exclusive meson leptoproduction from nucleons in the deeply virtual exchanged boson limit can be described by generalized parton distributions (GPDs). Including spin dependence in the description requires 8 independent quark-parton and gluon-parton functions. The chiral even subset of 4 quark-nucleon GPDs are related to nucleon form factors and to parton distribution functions. The chiral odd set of 4 quark-nucleon GPDs are related to transversity, the tensor charge, and other quantities related to transversity. Different meson or photon production processes access different combinations of GPDs. This is analyzed in terms of t-channel exchange quantum numbers, $J^{PC}$ and it is shown that pseudoscalar production can isolate chiral odd GPDs. There is a sensitive dependence in various cross sections and asymmetries on the tensor charge of the nucleon and other transversity parameters. We also consider, briefly, the analyticity of the GPDs and the problems with the partonic interpretation in the ERBL region.
description: 5 pages, 1 figure, presentation at DIS 2010, Firenze, Italy
The effect of residual force enhancement on motor unit activity and torque steadiness
Creators: name: Kuzyk, Samantha Lauren
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2018

description: Activation reduction (AR), characterized by a decrease in electromyographic (EMG) activity for a given torque, is a phenomenon of residual force enhancement (RFE) arising from a greater relative contribution of passive force to overall torque in isometric submaximal contractions following active-lengthening, allowing for the same torque with less muscle activation. Although alterations in motor unit (MU) activity are thought to contribute to AR, there is a gap in this understanding. This study evaluated the underlying contribution of MU properties in the tibialis anterior (TA) to AR and tested for an influence on torque steadiness (TS). It was hypothesized that MU discharge rates (MUDRs) would be lower during AR than an isometric contraction, and this would contribute to reduced TS. Ten males (26 ± 4years) performed isometric contractions at 10 and 20% maximum voluntary contraction (MVC) torque before and after an active-lengthening contraction which occurred over a 30° ankle excursion, ending at the same ankle angle (40º of plantarflexion) as a reference isometric contraction. Tibialis anterior MUs were sampled with indwelling fine wire electrodes to determine MUDRs and discharge rate variability (MUDRV). Triceps surae and TA surface EMG were sampled to evaluate antagonist co-activation and AR, respectively. Steadiness was quantified as the coefficient of variation (CV) of torque. There was a ~44% AR at 10% MVC and ~24% AR at 20% MVC (p<0.05) following active-lengthening compared with the isometric, with no difference in antagonist co-activation (p>0.05). The CV of torque was ~22% greater during AR compared to isometric at 10% (p<0.05), with no difference observed at 20% (p>0.05). Overall, the number of MUs detected was ~42% greater in the isometric condition than AR. In the isometric conditions at 10% and 20% MVC, there were 51 and 47 MUs recorded with 27 and 30 of these units quantified in both isometric and AR conditions for these torques, respectively. Motor unit DRs decreased by ~23% (p<0.05) during AR, while MUDRV did not differ between isometric and AR (p>0.05). These findings indicate that AR can be attributed to lower MUDR and fewer detectable MUs, which likely contributes to a reduction in TS.
Fast Ray-Tracing-Based Precise Underwater Acoustic Localization without Prior Acknowledgment of Target Depth
Creators: name: Huang, Wei
name: Zhang, Hao
name: Meng, Kaitao
name: Gao, Fan
name: Sun, Wenzhou
name: Shu, Jianxu
name: Xu, Tianhe
name: Li, Deshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Underwater localization is of great importance for marine observation and building positioning, navigation, timing (PNT) systems that could be widely applied in disaster warning, underwater rescues and resources exploration. The uneven distribution of underwater sound velocity poses great challenge for precise underwater positioning. The current soundline correction positioning method mainly aims at scenarios with known target depth. However, for nodes that are non-cooperative nodes or lack of depth information, soundline tracking strategies cannot work well due to nonunique positional solutions. To tackle this issue, we propose an iterative ray tracing 3D underwater localization (IRTUL) method for stratification compensation. To demonstrate the feasibility of fast stratification compensation, we first derive the signal path as a function of glancing angle, and then prove that the signal propagation time and horizontal propagation distance are monotonic functions of the initial grazing angle, so that fast ray tracing can be achieved. Then, we propose an sound velocity profile (SVP) simplification method, which reduces the computational cost of ray tracing. Experimental results show that the IRTUL has the most significant distance correction in the depth direction, and the average accuracy of IRTUL has been improved by about 3 meters compared to localization model with constant sound velocity. Also, the simplified SVP can significantly improve real-time performance with average accuracy loss less than 0.2 m when used for positioning.
Semileptonic decays of K and D mesons in 2+1 flavor QCD
Creators: name: Bailey, Jon A.
name: Bazavov, A.
name: Bernard, C.
name: Bouchard, C. M.
name: DeTar, C.
name: El-Khadra, A. X.
name: Freeland, E. D.
name: Gamiz, E.
name: Gottlieb, Steven
name: Heller, U. M.
name: Hetrick, J. E.
name: Kronfeld, A. S.
name: Laiho, J.
name: Levkova, L.
name: Mackenzie, P. B.
name: Oktay, M. B.
name: Simone, J. N.
name: Sugar, R.
name: Toussaint, D.
name: Van de Water, R. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The experimentally measured rates of the semileptonic decays K -> pi l nu and D -> K(pi) l nu can be combined with lattice calculations of the associated form factors to precisely extract the CKM matrix elements |V_{us}| and |V_{cs(d)}|. We report on the status of form factor calculations with Fermilab charm quarks and staggered light quarks on the 2+1 flavor asqtad staggered MILC ensembles. Analysis of data for the D -> pi l nu form factor provides a nontrivial test of our methods via comparison with CLEO data. We discuss the use of HISQ valence quarks to calculate the K -> pi l nu form factor f_+^{K pi}(0) and describe tests of our method.
description: 8 pp., 5 figs, presented at Lattice 2010, June 14-19, 2010, Villasimius, Italy
Relativistic Expansion of Magnetic Loops at the Self-similar Stage II: Magnetized outflows interacting with the ambient plasma
Creators: name: Takahashi, Hiroyuki R.
name: Asano, Eiji
name: Matsumoto, Ryoji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We obtained self-similar solutions of relativistically expanding magnetic loops by assuming axisymmetry and a purely radial flow. The stellar rotation and the magnetic fields in the ambient plasma are neglected. We include the Newtonian gravity of the central star. These solutions are extended from those in our previous work (Takahashi, Asano, & Matsumoto 2009) by taking into account discontinuities such as the contact discontinuity and the shock. The global plasma flow consists of three regions, the outflowing region, the post shocked region, and the ambient plasma. They are divided by two discontinuities. The solutions are characterized by the radial velocity, which plays a role of the self-similar parameter in our solutions. The shock Lorentz factor gradually increases with radius. It can be approximately represented by the power of radius with the power law index of 0.25. We also carried out magnetohydrodynamic simulations of the evolution of magnetic loops to study the stability and the generality of our analytical solutions. We used the analytical solutions as the initial condition and the inner boundary conditions. We confirmed that our solutions are stable over the simulation time and that numerical results nicely recover the analytical solutions. We then carried out numerical simulations to study the generality of our solutions by changing the power law index δof the ambient plasma density ρ_0 \propto r^{-δ}. We alter the power law index δfrom 3.5 in the analytical solutions. The analytical solutions are used as the initial conditions inside the shock in all simulations. We observed that the shock Lorentz factor increases with time when δis larger than 3, while it decreases with time when δis smaller than 3. The shock Lorentz factor is proportional to t^{(δ-3)/2}. These results are consistent with the analytical studies by Shapiro (1979).
description: 19 pages, 13 figures, Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Rydberg atom mediated polar molecule interactions: a tool for molecular-state conditional quantum gates and individual addressability
Creators: name: Kuznetsova, Elena
name: Rittenhouse, Seth T.
name: Sadeghpour, Hossein R.
name: Yelin, Susanne F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the possibility to use interaction between a polar molecule in the ground electronic and vibrational state and a Rydberg atom to construct two-qubit gates between molecular qubits and to coherently control molecular states. A polar molecule within the electron orbit in a Rydberg atom can either shift the Rydberg state, or form Rydberg molecule. Both the atomic shift and the Rydberg molecule states depend on the initial internal state of the polar molecule, resulting in molecular state dependent van der Waals or dipole-dipole interaction between Rydberg atoms. Rydberg atoms mediated interaction between polar molecules can be enhanced up to $10^{3}$ times. We describe how the coupling between a polar molecule and a Rydberg atom can be applied to coherent control of molecular states, specifically, to individual addressing of molecules in an optical lattice and non-destructive readout of molecular qubits.
A case study of apparent immune activation following treatment of a colorectal cancer patient with an angiotensin receptor blocker
Creators: name: Titmuss, Emma
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2018

description: Despite being one of the most preventable cancers, colorectal cancer (CRC) affects a large proportion of the population and results in ~12% of all deaths due to cancer in Canada (Canadian Cancer Society, 2017). Standard treatments for CRC are chemotherapy based, but more targeted therapies are emerging as highly effective treatments across multiple disease types. The Personalised Oncogenomics (POG) program at BC Cancer aims to discover actionable genomic alterations using whole genome and transcriptome sequence analysis of incurable cancer patients (Laskin et al., 2015). Occasionally, selected patients may be offered a treatment predicted by the POG analysis. One particular metastatic CRC POG patient displayed a profound response upon treatment with an antihypertensive drug, irbesartan (Avapro), prescribed following genomic analysis of a biopsy sample that had revealed unusually high expression of FOS and JUN transcripts, downstream components of the pathway on which irbesartan acts. After a durable 18-month response to irbesartan, the patient relapsed and a second biopsy was taken, providing a unique opportunity to study the mechanisms underpinning the response and relapse of the patient. Gene set enrichment analysis of RNA and protein expression data revealed an increase in abundance of genes involved in immune system pathways following treatment with irbesartan, and results from multiplex immunohistochemistry panels indicated increased cytotoxic T cell infiltration following treatment. Combined with increases in protein and RNA abundance of negative immune checkpoints (often a resistance mechanism to immune activation), and a large repertoire of candidate neo-antigens, there is evidence to support the hypothesis that irbesartan stimulated an anti-tumour immune response. In contrast with immunotherapy agents such as immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), irbesartan is substantially cheaper, and exhibits fewer side effects. If a biomarker of response to irbesartan can be identified, there may be future potential for this drug to be tested for clinical activity in a larger patient population. Furthermore, this case study demonstrates the utility of whole genome and transcriptome sequencing to study response and resistance to therapies and how these methods might be used to inform clinical decision making.
Scalable Bayesian Regression in High Dimensions With Multiple Data Sources
Creators: name: Perrakis, Konstantinos
name: Sach Mukherjee
name: Initiative, The Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: Applications of high-dimensional regression often involve multiple sources or types of covariates. We propose methodology for this setting, emphasizing the “wide data” regime with large total dimensionality p and sample size n≪p. We focus on a flexible ridge-type prior with shrinkage levels that are specific to each data type or source and that are set automatically by empirical Bayes. All estimation, including setting of shrinkage levels, is formulated mainly in terms of inner product matrices of size n×n. This renders computation efficient in the wide data regime and allows scaling to problems with millions of features. Furthermore, the proposed procedures are free of user-set tuning parameters. We show how sparsity can be achieved by post-processing of the Bayesian output via constrained minimization of a certain Kullback–Leibler divergence. This yields sparse solutions with adaptive, source-specific shrinkage, including a closed-form variant that scales to very large p. We present empirical results from a simulation study based on real data and a case study in Alzheimer’s disease involving millions of features and multiple data sources. Supplementary materials for this article are available online.
Quantum computation and pseudo-telepathic games
Creators: name: Bub, Jeffrey
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A quantum algorithm succeeds not because the superposition principle allows 'the computation of all values of a function at once' via 'quantum parallelism,' but rather because the structure of a quantum state space allows new sorts of correlations associated with entanglement, with new possibilities for information-processing transformations between correlations, that are not possible in a classical state space. I illustrate this with an elementary example of a problem for which a quantum algorithm is more efficient than any classical algorithm. I also introduce the notion of 'pseudo-telepathic' games and show how the difference between classical and quantum correlations plays a similar role here for games that can be won by quantum players exploiting entanglement, but not by classical players whose only allowed common resource consists of shared strings of random numbers (common causes of the players' correlated responses in a game).
description: 13 pages
32083: Trashed at Home
Creators: name: Project, Lockdown2020 and Beyond
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 479999
subject: Other language, communication and culture not elsewhere classified

description: I'm an English finalist sitting my exams at home. It's been really tough revising without the support of my peers but thankfully my family has been so supportive in helping me through my finals. I'm so glad it's all over and although it's not quite the Oxford trashing I expected, I still feel so happy to be finished!! I miss my college so much and hopefully I will be back one day to celebrate finishing!
A goodness-of-fit test for bivariate extreme-value copulas
Creators: name: Genest, Christian
name: Kojadinovic, Ivan
name: Nešlehová, Johanna
name: Yan, Jun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: It is often reasonable to assume that the dependence structure of a bivariate continuous distribution belongs to the class of extreme-value copulas. The latter are characterized by their Pickands dependence function. In this paper, a procedure is proposed for testing whether this function belongs to a given parametric family. The test is based on a Cramér--von Mises statistic measuring the distance between an estimate of the parametric Pickands dependence function and either one of two nonparametric estimators thereof studied by Genest and Segers [Ann. Statist. 37 (2009) 2990--3022]. As the limiting distribution of the test statistic depends on unknown parameters, it must be estimated via a parametric bootstrap procedure, the validity of which is established. Monte Carlo simulations are used to assess the power of the test and an extension to dependence structures that are left-tail decreasing in both variables is considered.
description: Published in at http://dx.doi.org/10.3150/10-BEJ279 the Bernoulli (http://isi.cbs.nl/bernoulli/) by the International Statistical Institute/Bernoulli Society (http://isi.cbs.nl/BS/bshome.htm)
Underwater Sound Speed Profile Construction: A Review
Creators: name: Huang, Wei
name: Zhou, Jixuan
name: Gao, Fan
name: Lu, Jiajun
name: Li, Sijia
name: Wu, Pengfei
name: Wang, Junting
name: Zhang, Hao
name: Xu, Tianhe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Real--time and accurate construction of regional sound speed profiles (SSP) is important for building underwater positioning, navigation, and timing (PNT) systems as it greatly affect the signal propagation modes such as trajectory. In this paper, we summarizes and analyzes the current research status in the field of underwater SSP construction, and the mainstream methods include direct SSP measurement and SSP inversion. In the direct measurement method, we compare the performance of popular international commercial temperature, conductivity, and depth profilers (CTD). While for the inversion methods, the framework and basic principles of matched field processing (MFP), compressive sensing (CS), and deep learning (DL) for constructing SSP are introduced, and their advantages and disadvantages are compared. The traditional direct measurement method has good accuracy performance, but it usually takes a long time. The proposal of SSP inversion method greatly improves the convenience and real--time performance, but the accuracy is not as good as the direct measurement method. Currently, the SSP inversion relies on sonar observation data, making it difficult to apply to areas that couldn't be covered by underwater observation systems, and these methods are unable to predict the distribution of sound velocity at future times. How to comprehensively utilize multi-source data and provide elastic sound velocity distribution estimation services with different accuracy and real-time requirements for underwater users without sonar observation data is the mainstream trend in future research on SSP construction.
The one-loop six-dimensional hexagon integral with three massive corners
Creators: name: Del Duca, Vittorio
name: Dixon, Lance J.
name: Drummond, James M.
name: Duhr, Claude
name: Henn, Johannes M.
name: Smirnov, Vladimir A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compute the six-dimensional hexagon integral with three non-adjacent external masses analytically. After a simple rescaling, it is given by a function of six dual conformally invariant cross-ratios. The result can be expressed as a sum of 24 terms involving only one basic function, which is a simple linear combination of logarithms, dilogarithms, and trilogarithms of uniform degree three transcendentality. Our method uses differential equations to determine the symbol of the function, and an algorithm to reconstruct the latter from its symbol. It is known that six-dimensional hexagon integrals are closely related to scattering amplitudes in N=4 super Yang-Mills theory, and we therefore expect our result to be helpful for understanding the structure of scattering amplitudes in this theory, in particular at two loops.
description: 15 pages, 2 figures
Dynamic Prediction of Full-Ocean Depth SSP by Hierarchical LSTM: An Experimental Result
Creators: name: Lu, Jiajun
name: Huang, Wei
name: Zhang, Hao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Sound (cs.SD)
subject: Audio and Speech Processing (eess.AS)
subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: SSP distribution is an important parameter for underwater positioning, navigation and timing (PNT) because it affects the propagation mode of underwater acoustic signals. To accurate predict future sound speed distribution, we propose a hierarchical long short--term memory (H--LSTM) neural network for future sound speed prediction, which explore the distribution pattern of sound velocity in the time dimension. To verify the feasibility and effectiveness, we conducted both simulations and real experiments. The ocean experiment was held in the South China Sea in April, 2023. Results show that the accuracy of the proposed method outperforms the state--of--the--art methods.
A Pliable Lasso
Creators: name: Tibshirani, Robert
name: Friedman, Jerome
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: We propose a generalization of the lasso that allows the model coefficients to vary as a function of a general set of some prespecified modifying variables. These modifiers might be variables such as gender, age, or time. The paradigm is quite general, with each lasso coefficient modified by a sparse linear function of the modifying variables Z. The model is estimated in a hierarchical fashion to control the degrees of freedom and avoid overfitting. The modifying variables may be observed, observed only in the training set, or unobserved overall. There are connections of our proposal to varying coefficient models and high-dimensional interaction models. We present a computationally efficient algorithm for its optimization, with exact screening rules to facilitate application to large numbers of predictors. The method is illustrated on a number of different simulated and real examples. Supplementary materials for this article are available online.
Uncovering the Dominant Scatterer in Graphene Sheets on SiO2
Creators: name: Katoch, Jyoti
name: Chen, J. H.
name: Tsuchikawa, Ryuichi
name: Smith, Christian W.
name: Mucciolo, Eduardo R.
name: Ishigami, Masa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have measured the impact of atomic hydrogen adsorption on the electronic transport properties of graphene sheets as a function of hydrogen coverage and initial, pre-hydrogenation field-effect mobility. Our results are compatible with hydrogen adsorbates inducing intervalley mixing by exerting a short-range scattering potential. The saturation coverages for different devices are found to be proportional to their initial mobility, indicating that the number of native scatterers is proportional to the saturation coverage of hydrogen. By extrapolating this proportionality, we show that the field-effect mobility can reach $1.5 \times 10^4$ cm$^2$/V sec in the absence of the hydrogen-adsorbing sites. This affinity to hydrogen is the signature of the most dominant type of native scatterers in graphene-based field-effect transistors on SiO$_2$.
A Hermitian bypass to the non-Hermitian quantum theory
Creators: name: Bhasin, Priyanshi
name: Das, Tanmoy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Describing systems with non-Hermitian (NH) operators remains a challenge in quantum theory due to instabilities (e.g., exceptional points and decoherence) arising from interactions with the environment. We propose a framework to express the energy states of NH Hamiltonians using a well-defined basis (dub computational basis) derived from a related Hermitian operator. This suitably shifts the singularities from the basis states to the expansion coefficients, allowing for their easier mathematical treatment and parametric control. Furthermore, we introduce a `space-time' transformation on the computational basis that defines a generic dual space map for the energy states. Interestingly, this transformation leads to a symmetry for real/imaginary energy values, revealing the existence of weaker condition than hermiticity or the $\mathcal{PT}$ symmetry. This leads to clearer understanding and novel interpretations of key features like exceptional points, dual space, and weaker symmetry-enforced real eigenvalues. The applicability of our framework extends to various branches of physics where NH operators manifest as ladder operators, order parameters, self-energies, projectors, and other entities.
description: 20 pages including Supplementary Material, two column, 6 figures. The second version of this manuscript includes new examples and more detailed discussions at appropriate places
Colour gradients in normal and compact early-type galaxies at 1
Creators: name: Gargiulo, A.
name: Saracco, P.
name: Longhetti, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have derived colour gradients for a sample of 20 early-type galaxies (ETGs) at 1 < z_spec < 2 selected from the GOODS-South field. The sample includes both normal ETGs (13) having effective radii comparable to the mean radius of local ones and compact ETGs (7) having effective radii from two to six times smaller. Colour gradients have been derived in the F606W-F850LP bands (UV-U rest-frame) taking advantage of the ultradeep HST-ACS observations covering this field and providing a spatial resolution of about 0.8 kpc at the redshift of the galaxies. Despite of the narrow wavelength baseline covered (1000 Angstrom), sampling approximatively the emission dominated by the same stellar population, we detect significant radial colour variations in 50 per cent of our sample. In particular, we find five ETGs with positive colour gradients (cores bluer than the external regions), and five galaxies with negative colour gradients (cores redder than the external regions), as commonly observed in the local Universe. These results show that at 1 < z < 2, when the Universe was only 3-4 Gyr old, ETGs constituted a composite population of galaxies whose different assembly histories have generated different stellar distributions with the bluest stellar population either in the center or in the outskirts as well as throughout the whole galaxy. Moreover, we find that compact galaxies seem to preferentially show a blue cores while moving towards normal galaxies, central stellar populations become progressively redder. Nonetheless, the narrow baseline covered together with the low statistics still prevent us to be conclusive about a possible physical connection between colour gradients and the degree of compactness of high-z ETGs.
description: 11 pages, 8 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Supplementary tables and figures from Labour's pain: strenuous subsistence work, mechanical wear-and-tear and musculoskeletal pain in a non-industrialized population
Creators: name: Stieglitz, Jonathan
name: Buoro, Yoann
name: Beheim, Bret
name: Trumble, Benjamin C.
name: Kaplan, Hillard
name: Gurven, Michael
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 110601 Biomechanics
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60801 Animal Behaviour
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Musculoskeletal pain is the most debilitating human health condition. Neurophysiological pain mechanisms are highly conserved and promote somatic maintenance and learning to avoid future harm. However, some chronic pains might be more common due to mismatches between modern lifestyles and traits that originally evolved under distinct premodern conditions. To inform assumptions about factors affecting chronic pain vulnerability prior to industrialization, we assess pain prevalence, perceived causes and predictors among Tsimane forager-horticulturalists. Habitual subsistence work is the primary reported cause of pain throughout life for both sexes, and pain is more common with age, especially in the back, and for those with more musculoskeletal problems. Sex differences in pain are relatively weak, and we find no association between women's reproductive history and pain, contrary to the hypothesis that reproduction causes women's greater pain susceptibility. Age-standardized current pain prevalence is 1.7–8.2 times higher for Tsimane than other select populations, and Tsimane chronic pain prevalence is within the range of variation observed elsewhere. Chronic low back pain is not a ‘mismatch disease’ limited to post-industrialized populations. Hominin musculoskeletal changes supporting bipedalism likely imposed health costs, which, after millions of years of evolution, remain an epidemiological burden that may be exacerbated by modern conditions.
Experimental Results of Underwater Sound Speed Profile Inversion by Few-shot Multi-task Learning
Creators: name: Huang, Wei
name: Gao, Fan
name: Wang, Junting
name: Zhang, Hao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Audio and Speech Processing (eess.AS)
subject: Sound (cs.SD)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Underwater Sound Speed Profile (SSP) distribution has great influence on the propagation mode of acoustic signal, thus the fast and accurate estimation of SSP is of great importance in building underwater observation systems. The state-of-the-art SSP inversion methods include frameworks of matched field processing (MFP), compressive sensing (CS), and feedforeward neural networks (FNN), among which the FNN shows better real-time performance while maintain the same level of accuracy. However, the training of FNN needs quite a lot historical SSP samples, which is diffcult to be satisfied in many ocean areas. This situation is called few-shot learning. To tackle this issue, we propose a multi-task learning (MTL) model with partial parameter sharing among different traning tasks. By MTL, common features could be extracted, thus accelerating the learning process on given tasks, and reducing the demand for reference samples, so as to enhance the generalization ability in few-shot learning. To verify the feasibility and effectiveness of MTL, a deep-ocean experiment was held in April 2023 at the South China Sea. Results shows that MTL outperforms the state-of-the-art methods in terms of accuracy for SSP inversion, while inherits the real-time advantage of FNN during the inversion stage.
Torus knots and mirror symmetry
Creators: name: Brini, Andrea
name: Eynard, Bertrand
name: Marino, Marcos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We propose a spectral curve describing torus knots and links in the B-model. In particular, the application of the topological recursion to this curve generates all their colored HOMFLY invariants. The curve is obtained by exploiting the full Sl(2, Z) symmetry of the spectral curve of the resolved conifold, and should be regarded as the mirror of the topological D-brane associated to torus knots in the large N Gopakumar-Vafa duality. Moreover, we derive the curve as the large N limit of the matrix model computing torus knot invariants.
description: 30 pages + appendix, 3 figures
On the volumes of simplices determined by a subset of $\mathbb{R}^d$
Creators: name: Shmerkin, Pablo
name: Yavicoli, Alexia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 28A12, 28A78, 28A80

description: We prove that for $1\le k
description: 12 pages, no figures
Pode a cidade ser Escola? – Serviço Educativo ESE/Porto
Can the city be a school? – Educational Service ESE/Porto Lazer
Creators: name: Lopes, Susana
name: Melo, Cláudia
Publisher: name: Escola Superior de Educação de Paula Frassinetti - CIPAF
Year: 2018
Subjects: cidade; escola; mediação; arte; comunidade

description: Partindo do entendimento da cidade como um lugar polissémico, parcela de espaço e tempo proporcionador de aprendizagem quer através das suas infra- estruturas quer através das suas comunidades, analisa-se a capacidade da cidade como escola através dos programas de serviço educativo da Escola Superior de Educação (ESE/IPP) para poder em projetos de intervenção artística urbana da cidade do Porto, promovidos pela empresa municipal Porto Lazer. Reflete-se acerca de um sistema educativo integrado numa rede de parcerias fomentadoras da cultura, do conhecimento e da criação que constroem uma identidade socialmente participada e participativa.
Palavra Chave: cidade, escola, mediação, arte, comunidade

Can the city be a school? – Educational Service ESE/Porto Lazer
Starting from the understanding of the city as a polysemous place a space and time proportion that provides learning through its infrastructures and through its communities, the capacity of the city as a school is analyzed through the educational service programs of the Escola Superior de Educação in projects of Porto´s urban artistic intervention, promoted by the municipal company Porto Lazer. It reflects on an educational system integrated in a network of partnerships fostering culture, knowledge and creation that build a socially participatory identity.
Key words:  City; school; mediation; art; community
description: Saber & Educar, n. 24 (2018): A Educação Artística na Escola do Século XXI
32097: Lockdown photo editing experience
Creators: name: Project, Lockdown2020 and Beyond
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 479999
subject: Other language, communication and culture not elsewhere classified

description: For the most part of my lockdown time, I am still working on essays, dissertation and exam. Sometimes I'll play video games online with my friends, and sometimes I experiment on art. These are the photos that I took and edited these days as a experiment to planet-ise and lineal-ise Oxford when it's closed.
Progress in the partial-wave analysis methods at COMPASS
Creators: name: Beckers, Julien
name: Kaspar, Florian
name: Knollmüller, Jakob
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the excitation spectrum of light and strange mesons in diffractive scattering. We identify different hadron resonances through partial wave analysis, which inherently relies on analysis models. Besides statistical uncertainties, the model dependence of the analysis introduces dominant systematic uncertainties. We discuss several of their sources for the $π^-π^-π^+$ and $K^0_S K^-$ final states and present methods to reduce them. We have developed a new approach exploiting a-priori knowledge of signal continuity over adjacent final-state-mass bins to stably fit a large pool of partial-waves to our data, allowing a clean identification of very small signals in our large data sets. For two-body final states of scalar particles, such as $K^0_S K^-$, mathematical ambiguities in the partial-wave decomposition lead to the same intensity distribution for different combinations of amplitude values. We will discuss these ambiguities and present solutions to resolve or at least reduce the number of possible solutions. Resolving these issues will allow for a complementary analysis of the $a_J$-like resonance sector in these two final states.
description: 5 pages, 6 figures. Proceedings of the 20th International Conference on Hadron Spectroscopy and Structure (HADRON 2023), to be published in Il Nuovo Cimento C, Colloquia and Communications in Physics