cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Towards an understanding of the RHIC single electron data
Creators: name: Gossiaux, P. B.
name: Aichelin, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: High transverse momentum ($p_T$) single non-photonic electrons which have been measured in the RHIC experiments come dominantly from heavy meson decay. The ratio of their $p_T$ spectra in pp and AA collisions ($R_{AA}(p_T)$) reveals the energy loss of heavy quarks in the environment created by AA collisions. Using a fixed coupling constant and the Debye mass ($m_D\approx gT$) as infrared regulator perturbative QCD (pQCD) calculations are not able to reproduce the data, neither the energy loss nor the azimuthal $(v_2)$ distribution. Employing a running coupling constant and replacing the Debye mass by a more realistic hard thermal loop (HTL) calculation we find a substantial increase of the collisional energy loss which brings the $v_2(p_T)$ distribution as well as $R_{AA}(p_T)$ to values close to the experimental ones without excluding a contribution from radiative energy loss.
description: Accepted for publication in Physical Review C
Detecting Infrared Single Photons with Near-Unity System Detection Efficiency
Creators: name: Chang, Jin
name: Los, Johannes W. N.
name: Tenorio-Pearl, Jaime Oscar
name: Noordzij, Niels
name: Gourgues, Ronan
name: Guardiani, Antonio
name: Zichi, Julien R.
name: Pereira, Silvania F.
name: Urbach, H. Paul
name: Zwiller, Val
name: Dorenbos, Sander N.
name: Zadeh, Iman Esmaeil
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Single photon detectors are indispensable tools in optics, from fundamental measurements to quantum information processing. The ability of superconducting nanowire single photon detectors to detect single photons with unprecedented efficiency, short dead time and high time resolution over a large frequency range enabled major advances in quantum optics. However, combining near-unity system detection efficiency with high timing performance remains an outstanding challenge. In this work, we show novel superconducting nanowire single photon detectors fabricated on membranes with 94-99.5 (plus minus 2.07%) system detection efficiency in the wavelength range 1280-1500 nm. The SiO2/Au membrane enables broadband absorption in small SNSPDs, offering high detection efficiency in combination with high timing performance. With low noise cryogenic amplifiers operated in the same cryostat, our efficient detectors reach timing jitter in the range of 15-26 ps. We discuss the prime challenges in optical design, device fabrication as well as accurate and reliable detection efficiency measurements to achieve high performance single-photon detection. As a result, the fast-developing fields of quantum information science, quantum metrology, infrared imaging and quantum networks will greatly benefit from this far-reaching quantum detection technology.
Current Status & plan of JSNS2/JSNS2-II
Creators: name: Dongha Lee
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Sterile Neutrinos and New Physics

description: Parallel Contributed Talk at the
 "XIX International Workshop on Neutrino Telescopes"
 on line - 18-26 February, 2021
INTERACTIVE GAMES IN TEACHING ENGLISH: A DYNAMIC APPROACH TO LANGUAGE LEARNING
Creators: name: Khalilova, Sevara
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: This article explores the role of interactive games in enhancing the learning of the English language, particularly in non-native learners. With the rise of digital technology and innovative educational methods, interactive games offer a dynamic approach to language acquisition by engaging students in ways traditional methods often fail to achieve. By examining various types of games, their impacts on cognitive skills, motivation, and communication, this study investigates how interactive games can be utilized to improve English language proficiency, foster motivation, and create a more engaging and effective learning environment.
Statistical Romberg extrapolation: A new variance reduction method and applications to option pricing
Creators: name: Kebaier, Ahmed
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 65C05, 60F05 (Primary) 62P05 (Secondary)

description: We study the approximation of $\mathbb{E}f(X_T)$ by a Monte Carlo algorithm, where $X$ is the solution of a stochastic differential equation and $f$ is a given function. We introduce a new variance reduction method, which can be viewed as a statistical analogue of Romberg extrapolation method. Namely, we use two Euler schemes with steps $δ$ and $δ^β,0
description: Published at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/105051605000000511 in the Annals of Applied Probability (http://www.imstat.org/aap/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
Hard Instances of the Constrained Discrete Logarithm Problem
Creators: name: Mironov, Ilya
name: Mityagin, Anton
name: Nissim, Kobbi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 11B50 (primary) 11B13, 05B40, 51A30, 94A60 (secondary)

description: The discrete logarithm problem (DLP) generalizes to the constrained DLP, where the secret exponent $x$ belongs to a set known to the attacker. The complexity of generic algorithms for solving the constrained DLP depends on the choice of the set. Motivated by cryptographic applications, we study sets with succinct representation for which the constrained DLP is hard. We draw on earlier results due to Erdös et al. and Schnorr, develop geometric tools such as generalized Menelaus' theorem for proving lower bounds on the complexity of the constrained DLP, and construct sets with succinct representation with provable non-trivial lower bounds.
Adaptive Poisson disorder problem
Creators: name: Bayraktar, Erhan
name: Dayanik, Savas
name: Karatzas, Ioannis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 62L10 (Primary) 62L15, 62C10, 60G40 (Secondary)

description: We study the quickest detection problem of a sudden change in the arrival rate of a Poisson process from a known value to an unknown and unobservable value at an unknown and unobservable disorder time. Our objective is to design an alarm time which is adapted to the history of the arrival process and detects the disorder time as soon as possible. In previous solvable versions of the Poisson disorder problem, the arrival rate after the disorder has been assumed a known constant. In reality, however, we may at most have some prior information about the likely values of the new arrival rate before the disorder actually happens, and insufficient estimates of the new rate after the disorder happens. Consequently, we assume in this paper that the new arrival rate after the disorder is a random variable. The detection problem is shown to admit a finite-dimensional Markovian sufficient statistic, if the new rate has a discrete distribution with finitely many atoms. Furthermore, the detection problem is cast as a discounted optimal stopping problem with running cost for a finite-dimensional piecewise-deterministic Markov process. This optimal stopping problem is studied in detail in the special case where the new arrival rate has Bernoulli distribution. This is a nontrivial optimal stopping problem for a two-dimensional piecewise-deterministic Markov process driven by the same point process. Using a suitable single-jump operator, we solve it fully, describe the analytic properties of the value function and the stopping region, and present methods for their numerical calculation. We provide a concrete example where the value function does not satisfy the smooth-fit principle on a proper subset of the connected, continuously differentiable optimal stopping boundary, whereas it does on the complement of this set.
description: Published at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/105051606000000312 in the Annals of Applied Probability (http://www.imstat.org/aap/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
careables - final documentation of events
Creators: name: Melis, Paulien
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Open Source Hardware
maker
events

description: The aim of this very visual report is to provide an overview of all careables activities that took place during the course of the 3-years EC funding. This ranges from presentations at conferences to small workshops and co-creation sessions, and from training students and healthcare professionals to present at maker faires. In three years around 300 events took place. All activities are categorised by type of activity and reported by category.
SIR MICHAEL JOHN BERRIDGE - Bibliography from SIR MICHAEL JOHN BERRIDGE. 22 October 1938 — 13 February 2020
Creators: name: Petersen, Ole H.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 310908
subject: Animal physiology - biophysics
classificationCode: 310909
subject: Animal physiology - cell
classificationCode: 310910
subject: Animal physiology - systems

description: Sir Michael Berridge was a giant in the fields of physiology and biochemistry who, by his discovery in 1983 of inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3) as the ubiquitous intracellular messenger releasing Ca2+ from intracellular stores, revolutionized our concepts of signal transduction mechanisms. Mike, as he was universally known, discovered one of the most important regulatory mechanisms in animal cells, involved in the control of virtually all bodily functions, including secretion, contraction and memory. Mike, working at the Department of Zoology at the University of Cambridge, personally identified IP3 as one of the two initial products of hormone- or neurotransmitter-elicited inositol phospholipid breakdown and then, in collaboration with the research group led by Irene Schulz at the Max Planck Institute for Biophysics in Frankfurt, demonstrated directly the Ca2+-releasing effect of IP3 in pancreatic acinar cells. Subsequently, in collaborations with research groups in Switzerland and the USA, Mike confirmed the Ca2 + -releasing action of IP3 in insulin-secreting cells, hepatocytes and photoreceptors. The IP3–Ca2 + -releasing pathway became accepted amazingly quickly as one of the key elements of cellular signal transduction mechanisms and is now featured in virtually all textbooks of physiology and biochemistry. Mike was also a great synthesizer, who created an entirely new field, namely calcium signalling. Through his numerous, highly cited review articles, and his insightful keynote lectures at the most important biomedical congresses, he dominated this large and increasingly important research field for more than 30 years following his momentous 1983 discovery.
Letter from Fred J. Fulton to [James] Goldie, November 28, 1910
Creators: name: Fulton, Fred J.
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2017

description: Letter to James Goldie from Fred J. Fulton, dated November 28, 1910, regarding legal matters pertaining to the irrigation system on the Ranche put in place by the Maddock Brothers.
Analytical Gradients for Molecular-Orbital-Based Machine Learning
Creators: name: Lee, Sebastian J. R.
name: Husch, Tamara
name: Ding, Feizhi
name: Miller, Thomas F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Molecular-orbital-based machine learning (MOB-ML) enables the prediction of accurate correlation energies at the cost of obtaining molecular orbitals. Here, we present the derivation, implementation, and numerical demonstration of MOB-ML analytical nuclear gradients which are formulated in a general Lagrangian framework to enforce orthogonality, localization, and Brillouin constraints on the molecular orbitals. The MOB-ML gradient framework is general with respect to the regression technique (e.g., Gaussian process regression or neural networks) and the MOB feature design. We show that MOB-ML gradients are highly accurate compared to other ML methods on the ISO17 data set while only being trained on energies for hundreds of molecules compared to energies and gradients for hundreds of thousands of molecules for the other ML methods. The MOB-ML gradients are also shown to yield accurate optimized structures, at a computational cost for the gradient evaluation that is comparable to Hartree-Fock theory or hybrid DFT.
Vacancy clustering and diffusion in silicon: Kinetic lattice Monte Carlo simulations
Creators: name: Haley, Benjamin P.
name: Beardmore, Keith M.
name: Grønbech-Jensen, Niels
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Diffusion and clustering of lattice vacancies in silicon as a function of temperature, concentration, and interaction range are investigated by Kinetic Lattice Monte Carlo simulations. It is found that higher temperatures lead to larger clusters with shorter lifetimes on average, which grow by attracting free vacancies, while clusters at lower temperatures grow by aggregation of smaller clusters. Long interaction ranges produce enhanced diffusivity and fewer clusters. Greater vacancy concentrations lead to more clusters, with fewer free vacancies, but the size of the clusters is largely independent of concentration. Vacancy diffusivity is shown to obey power law behavior over time, and the exponent of this law is shown to increase with concentration, at fixed temperature, and decrease with temperature, at fixed concentration.
description: 14 pages, 12 figures. To appear in Physical Review B
Background Field Method and Initial-Time Singularity for Coherent States
Creators: name: Berezhiani, Lasha
name: Cintia, Giordano
name: Zantedeschi, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The background field method is adopted for studying the dynamics of coherent states within an interacting scalar field theory. Focusing on a coherent state that corresponds to the homogeneous condensate, the quantum depletion of the expectation value of the field-operator is demonstrated to be due to the annihilation of the condensate constituents into relativistic quanta. Moreover, due to the fact that the initial field acceleration and energy for the non-squeezed coherent states are determined in terms of bare coupling constant, instead of the renormalized one, the appearance of perturbative singularities is shown to be inevitable. In other words, consistency of these states requires the finiteness of the bare coupling constant, through the resummation.
description: 26 pages, 3 figures
Bistable MAP Kinase Activity: A Plausible Mechanism Contributing to Maintenance of Late Long-Term Potentiation
Creators: name: Smolen, Paul
name: Baxter, Douglas A.
name: Byrne, John H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Molecular Networks (q-bio.MN)
subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Bistability of MAP kinase (MAPK) activity has been suggested to contribute to several cellular processes, including differentiation and long-term synaptic potentiation. A recent model (48) predicts bistability due to interactions of the kinases and phosphatases in the MAPK pathway, without feedback from MAPK to earlier reactions. Using this model and enzyme concentrations appropriate for neurons, we simulated bistable MAPK activity, but bistability only was present within a relatively narrow range of activity of Raf, the first pathway kinase. Stochastic fluctuations in molecule numbers eliminated bistability for small molecule numbers, such as are expected in the volume of a dendritic spine. However, positive feedback loops have been posited from MAPK up to Raf activation. One proposed loop in which MAPK directly activates Raf was incorporated into the model. We found that such feedback greatly enhanced the robustness of both stable states of MAPK activity to stochastic fluctuations and to parameter variations. Bistability was robust for molecule numbers plausible for a dendritic spine volume. The upper state of MAPK activity was resistant to inhibition of MEK activation for > 1 h, suggesting inhibitor experiments have not sufficed to rule out a role for persistent MAPK activity in LTP maintenance. These simulations suggest that persistent MAPK activity and consequent upregulation of translation may contribute to LTP maintenance and to long-term memory. Experiments using a fluorescent MAPK substrate may further test this hypothesis.
description: 33 pages. 7 figures are at end
Measurement, control, and decay of quantum-dot spins
Creators: name: Coish, W. A.
name: Golovach, Vitaly N.
name: Egues, J. Carlos
name: Loss, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this review we discuss a recent proposal to perform partial Bell-state (parity) measurements on two-electron spin states for electrons confined to quantum dots. The realization of this proposal would allow for a physical implementation of measurement-based quantum computing. In addition, we consider the primary sources of energy relaxation and decoherence which provide the ultimate limit to all proposals for quantum information processing using electron spins in quantum dots. We give an account of the Hamiltonians used for the most important interactions (spin-orbit and hyperfine) and survey some of the recent work done to understand dynamics, control, and decoherence under the action of these Hamiltonians. We conclude the review with a table of important decay times found in experiment, and relate these time scales to the potential viability of measurement-based quantum computing.
description: v1: 15 pages, 1 figure, review article to be published in a special issue of physica status solidi (b); v2: added/updated citation list, decay times in Table 1, made other minor corrections
Recent results and prospects for Astroparticle and BSM Physics with MicroBooNE
Creators: name: Guzowski, Pawel
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Sterile Neutrinos and New Physics

description: Parallel Contributed Talk at the
 "XIX International Workshop on Neutrino Telescopes"
 on line - 18-26 February, 2021
description: On behalf of the MicroBooNE Collaboration
description: {"references": ["JINST 16, 02, P02008 (2021)", "MICROBOONE-NOTE- 1076-PUB", "arXiv:2012.14324", "MICROBOONE-NOTE-1093- PUB", "Phys.Rev.D 101, 052001 (2020)", "MICROBOONE-NOTE-1092-PUB"]}
Search for Electron-like Low Energy Excess using Wire-Cell Event Reconstruction at MicroBooNE
Creators: name: Hanyu Wei
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Sterile Neutrinos and New Physics

description: Parallel Contributed Talk at the
 "XIX International Workshop on Neutrino Telescopes"
 on line - 18-26 February, 2021
description: on behalf of the MicroBooNE collaboration
description: {"references": ["MICROBOONE-NOTE-1095-PUB"]}
Hadron form factors using density-density correlators
Creators: name: Alexandrou, C.
name: Koutsou, G.
name: Neff, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Gauge invariant density-density correlators yield detailed information on hadron structure. Hadron deformation and form factors can be extracted for momentum transfers up to about 6 GeV$^2$. We use stochastic techniques and dilution to compute the all to all propagator required for the exact evaluation of density-density correlators. We present first results for the pion form factor.
description: 7 pages, 8 figures, talk presented at the XXIV International Symposium on Lattice Field Theory, 23rd - 28th of July, 2006
Imaginary Squashing Mode Spectroscopy of Helium Three B
Creators: name: Davis, J. P.
name: Choi, H.
name: Pollanen, J.
name: Halperin, W. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have made precision measurements of the frequency of a collective mode of the superfluid 3He-B order parameter, the J=2- imaginary squashing mode. Measurements were performed at multiple pressures using interference of transverse sound in an acoustic cavity. Transverse waves propagate in the vicinity of this order parameter mode owing to off-resonant coupling. At the crossing of the sound mode and the order parameter mode, the sound wave is strongly attenuated. We use both velocity and attenuation measurements to determine precise values of the mode frequency with a resolution between 0.1% and 0.25%.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures, submitted to proceedings of Quantum Fluids and Solids (QFS) Conference 2006; revised 9/26/06
Review of Machine-Learning Methods for RNA Secondary Structure Prediction
Creators: name: Zhao, Qi
name: Zhao, Zheng
name: Fan, Xiaoya
name: Yuan, Zhengwei
name: Mao, Qian
name: Yao, Yudong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biomolecules (q-bio.BM)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: I.2.0 General

description: Secondary structure plays an important role in determining the function of non-coding RNAs. Hence, identifying RNA secondary structures is of great value to research. Computational prediction is a mainstream approach for predicting RNA secondary structure. Unfortunately, even though new methods have been proposed over the past 40 years, the performance of computational prediction methods has stagnated in the last decade. Recently, with the increasing availability of RNA structure data, new methods based on machine-learning technologies, especially deep learning, have alleviated the issue. In this review, we provide a comprehensive overview of RNA secondary structure prediction methods based on machine-learning technologies and a tabularized summary of the most important methods in this field. The current pending issues in the field of RNA secondary structure prediction and future trends are also discussed.
description: 25 pages, 5 figures, 1 table
Scale Dependent Metric and Minimal Length in QEG
Creators: name: Reuter, Martin
name: Schwindt, Jan-Markus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The possibility of a minimal physical length in quantum gravity is discussed within the asymptotic safety approach. Using a specific mathematical model for length measurements ("COM microscope") it is shown that the spacetimes of Quantum Einstein Gravity (QEG) based upon a special class of renormalization group trajectories are "fuzzy" in the sense that there is a minimal coordinate separation below which two points cannot be resolved.
description: 10 pages, 1 figure, Talk given by M.R. at IRGAC 2006, Barcelona, Spain, July 11-15, 2006
Characterization of a CCD array for Bragg spectroscopy
Creators: name: Indelicato, Paul
name: Bigot, Eric-Olivier Le
name: Trassinelli, Martino
name: Gotta, Detlev
name: Hennebach, Maik
name: Nelms, Nick
name: David, Christian
name: Simons, Leopold M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The average pixel distance as well as the relative orientation of an array of 6 CCD detectors have been measured with accuracies of about 0.5 nm and 50 $μ$rad, respectively. Such a precision satisfies the needs of modern crystal spectroscopy experiments in the field of exotic atoms and highly charged ions. Two different measurements have been performed by illuminating masks in front of the detector array by remote sources of radiation. In one case, an aluminum mask was irradiated with X-rays and in a second attempt, a nanometric quartz wafer was illuminated by a light bulb. Both methods gave consistent results with a smaller error for the optical method. In addition, the thermal expansion of the CCD detectors was characterized between -105 C and -40 C.
description: Submitted to Review of Scientific Instruments
Scalar-tensor cosmologies in a minisuperspace formulation: a case study
Creators: name: Borowiec, Andrzej
name: Kozak, Aleksander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We revisit a general minisuperspace (MSS) formalism for scalar-tensor (ST) FLRW type cosmological models in arbitrary frame with perfect fluid source. We discuss how to impose Cauchy data on the corresponding dynamical system in order to reconstruct standard (ΛCDM) cosmological model. So far, the integrability of such models has been extensively studied in the Einstein or Jordan frames mainly. We extend these studies to arbitrary frame taking into account non-minimal coupling between matter and gravity. To this aim we explore a gauge freedom associated with a choice of lapse function. We show that particular isothermal MSS coordinates are related with Einstein frames representing solution equivalent classes and have some invariant meaning. This provides new universal framework for investigating cosmic evolution in arbitrary frame: analytical solutions obtained in the Einstein frame can be transformed back to the physical frame by making use of a conformal transformation and field redefinition. We also show how such technique can be useful when applied to Wheeler-DeWitt quantum cosmology.
description: Revised version: 18 pages, matching PRD publication, added application to Wheeler-DeWitt quantum cosmology, 3 figures
Molecular Dynamics Computer Simulation of Crystal Growth and Melting in Al50Ni50
Creators: name: Kerrache, Ali
name: Horbach, Juergen
name: Binder, Kurt
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The melting and crystallization of Al50Ni50} are studied by means of molecular dynamics computer simulations, using a potential of the embedded atom type to model the interactions between the particles. Systems in a slab geometry are simulated where the B2 phase of AlNi in the middle of an elongated simulation box is separated by two planar interfaces from the liquid phase, thereby considering the (100) crystal orientation. By determining the temperature dependence of the interface velocity, an accurate estimate of the melting temperature is provided. The value k=0.0025 m/s/K for the kinetic growth coefficient is found. This value is about two orders of magnitude smaller than that found in recent simulation studies of one-component metals. The classical Wilson-Frenkel model is not able to describe the crystal growth kinetics on a quantitative level. We argue that this is due to the neglect of diffusion processes in the liquid-crystal interface.
description: 6 pages, 6 figures
Anisotropic Aerogels for Studying Superfluid $^3$He
Creators: name: Pollanen, J.
name: Blinstein, S.
name: Choi, H.
name: Davis, J. P.
name: Lippman, T. M.
name: Lurio, L. B.
name: Halperin, W. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It may be possible to stabilize new superfluid phases of $^{3}$He with anisotropic silica aerogels. We discuss two methods that introduce anisotropy in the aerogel on length scales relevant to superfluid $^{3}$He. First, anisotropy can be induced with uniaxial strain. A second method generates anisotropy during the growth and drying stages. We have grown cylindrical $\sim$98% aerogels with anisotropy indicated by preferential radial shrinkage after supercritical drying and find that this shrinkage correlates with small angle x-ray scattering (SAXS). The growth-induced anisotropy was found to be $\sim90^\circ$ out of phase relative to that induced by strain. This has implications for the possible stabilization of superfluid phases with specific symmetry.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures, submitted to Quantum Fluids and Solids (QFS) conference 2006
Finite element and fatigue analysis of welded joints with application to disc filter core pipes
Creators: name: Penner, Kerry Lee
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: In the pulp and paper industry, rotary vacuum disc filters are commonly used as save-all devices to reclaim fine, reusable fibers from mill white water systems while simultaneously clarifying white water for the purpose of recycle. A complete failure analysis was performed on one of Ingersoll-Rand's type 316L stainless steel disc filters which suffered severe cracking in the outer shell of the center support frame or core pipe. Based on a thorough visual examination of the fracture surfaces, aided by low power and scanning electron microscopy, the cracking problem was found to be caused by corrosion fatigue emanating from lack of penetration root defects in the circumferential weld seams. The ensuing research program was focused on the development of a numerical procedure (i.e. finite elements) to evaluate the crack propagation rate in a welded joint. A new finite element sub-modeling technique was first developed to facilitate the transfer of boundary conditions from a coarse finite element model to a refined sub-model. The proposed technique resolves a number of frequently encountered boundary condition incompatibilities and provides an alternative approach to finite element sub-modeling or sub-structuring. Various concepts relevant to the study of fracture and fatigue in welded joints were then considered. A method for predicting the fatigue crack growth rate in a welded joint with residual stress was used in conjunction with the proposed sub-modeling technique to predict the fatigue life for a new core pipe design. The original Ingersoll-Rand design was also modeled to assess the accuracy of the procedure since the actual equipment service life was known. The fatigue lives were determined in both air and simulated white water (i.e. NaCl) environments. The calculated fatigue life of the original design in air was much longer than the actual equipment service life; therefore, it was concluded that pure mechanical fatigue does not accurately describe the failure mechanism. Moreover, the calculated fatigue life in NaCl is much closer to the actual service life of the equipment. The new design's superiority is also evident since its fatigue life in NaCl is more than eight times that of the original design.
PANDA: Predicting the change in proteins binding affinity upon mutations using sequence information
Creators: name: Abbasi, Wajid Arshad
name: Abbas, Syed Ali
name: Andleeb, Saiqa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biomolecules (q-bio.BM)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Accurately determining a change in protein binding affinity upon mutations is important for the discovery and design of novel therapeutics and to assist mutagenesis studies. Determination of change in binding affinity upon mutations requires sophisticated, expensive, and time-consuming wet-lab experiments that can be aided with computational methods. Most of the computational prediction techniques require protein structures that limit their applicability to protein complexes with known structures. In this work, we explore the sequence-based prediction of change in protein binding affinity upon mutation. We have used protein sequence information instead of protein structures along with machine learning techniques to accurately predict the change in protein binding affinity upon mutation. Our proposed sequence-based novel change in protein binding affinity predictor called PANDA gives better accuracy than existing methods over the same validation set as well as on an external independent test dataset. On an external test dataset, our proposed method gives a maximum Pearson correlation coefficient of 0.52 in comparison to the state-of-the-art existing protein structure-based method called MutaBind which gives a maximum Pearson correlation coefficient of 0.59. Our proposed protein sequence-based method, to predict a change in binding affinity upon mutations, has wide applicability and comparable performance in comparison to existing protein structure-based methods. A cloud-based webserver implementation of PANDA and its python code is available at https://sites.google.com/view/wajidarshad/software and https://github.com/wajidarshad/panda.
Actions on permutations and unimodality of descent polynomials
Creators: name: Brändén, Petter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 06A0, 05A05, 05E99, 13F55

description: We study a group action on permutations due to Foata and Strehl and use it to prove that the descent generating polynomial of certain sets of permutations has a nonnegative expansion in the basis $\{t^i(1+t)^{n-1-2i}\}_{i=0}^m$, $m=\lfloor (n-1)/2 \rfloor$. This property implies symmetry and unimodality. We prove that the action is invariant under stack-sorting which strengthens recent unimodality results of Bóna. We prove that the generalized permutation patterns $(13-2)$ and $(2-31)$ are invariant under the action and use this to prove unimodality properties for a $q$-analog of the Eulerian numbers recently studied by Corteel, Postnikov, Steingr\'ımsson and Williams. We also extend the action to linear extensions of sign-graded posets to give a new proof of the unimodality of the $(P,ω)$-Eulerian polynomials of sign-graded posets and a combinatorial interpretations (in terms of Stembridge's peak polynomials) of the corresponding coefficients when expanded in the above basis. Finally, we prove that the statistic defined as the number of vertices of even height in the unordered decreasing tree of a permutation has the same distribution as the number of descents on any set of permutations invariant under the action. When restricted to the set of stack-sortable permutations we recover a result of Kreweras.
description: 19 pages, revised version to appear in Europ. J. Combin
A theory of stochastic integration for bond markets
Creators: name: De Donno, M.
name: Pratelli, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Computational Finance (q-fin.CP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: 60H05, 60G44 (Primary) 91B70 (Secondary)

description: We introduce a theory of stochastic integration with respect to a family of semimartingales depending on a continuous parameter, as a mathematical background to the theory of bond markets. We apply our results to the problem of super-replication and utility maximization from terminal wealth in a bond market. Finally, we compare our approach to those already existing in literature.
description: Published at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/105051605000000548 in the Annals of Applied Probability (http://www.imstat.org/aap/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
Resonance sum rules from large $N_C$ and partial wave dispersive analysis
Creators: name: Guo, Zhi-Hui
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Combining large $N_C$ techniques and partial wave dispersion theory to analyze the $ππ$ scattering, without relying on any explicit resonance lagrangian, some interesting results are derived: (a) a general KSRF relation including the scalar meson contribution; (b) a new relation between resonance couplings, with which we have made an intensive analysis in several specific models; (c) low energy constants in chiral perturbation theory related with $ππ$ scattering in terms of the mass and decay width of resonances.
description: 4 pages, contribution to the Workshop on "Scalar meson and Related topics" (Scadron 70), during Feb 11-16, 2008, at IST, Lisbon, Portugal
Metric-driven search for structurally stable inorganic compounds
Creators: name: Villarreal, R.
name: Singh, P.
name: Arroyave, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report a facile `metric' for the identification of structurally and dynamically (positive definite phonon structure) stable inorganic compounds. The metric considers charge-imbalance within the local substructures in crystalline compounds calculated using first-principles density-functional theory. To exemplify, we chose carbon-based nitrides as it provides a large pool of structurally stable and unstable phases. We showcase how local structural information related to Wyckoff symmetry uniquely identifies four new carbon-nitride phases. The metric predicts three new structurally stable phases of 4 (C)$:$3 (N) stoichiometry, i.e., C$_{4}$N$_{3}$, which is further confirmed by direct phonon calculations. The structurally stable phases also satisfy the thermodynamic stability and mechanical stability criteria. New phases possess extraordinary mechanical properties, similar to diamond, and show insulating bandgap ranging from optimal, 1.45 eV (optimal) to 5.5 eV (large gap). The structural, electronic, and optical properties of Pm(1)-C$_{4}$N$_{3}$, discussed in detail, indicate possible application in optoelectronic and photovoltaic technologies. The way metric is design, it can be used to predict stability of any material with three-dimensional bonding network. The metric was also able to predict structural stability of other nitride polymorphs with 100$\%$ accuracy. We believe that the proposed `Metric' will accelerate the search of unknown and unexplored inorganic compounds by quick filtering of dynamically stable phases without expensive density-functional theory calculations.
description: 37 Pages, 9 Figures, 5 Tables
Remote-control spin filtering through a $T$-type structure
Creators: name: Feng, X. Y.
name: Jiang, J. H.
name: Weng, M. Q.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a spin filter scheme using a $T$-stub waveguide. By applying a moderate magnetic field at the tip of the sidearm, this device can produce both large electric and spin current. The direction, polarization of the output spin current can be further adjusted electronically by a remote gate which tunes the length of the sidearm. The device is robust against the disorder.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures, to be published in Appl. Phys. Lett
Letter from the Washington Nursery Company to Rainbow Ranche, November 29, 1910
Creators: name: Washington Nursery Company
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2017

description: Letter to Rainbow Ranche from the Washington Nursery Company, dated November 29, 1910, informing the Ranche that they are unable to meet the order for 200 Hyslop Crab as they have been sold out.
Nuclear Interactions: The Chiral Picture
Creators: name: Robilotta, M. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Chiral expansions of the two-pion exchange components of both two- and three-nucleon forces are reviewed and a discussion is made of the predicted pattern of hierarchies. The strength of the scalar-isoscalar central potential is found to be too large and to defy expectations from the symmetry. The causes of this effect can be understood by studying the nucleon scalar form factor.
description: Talk given at CHIRAL 07 - Osaka - November 2007
Spin-orbit interaction in quantum dots in the presence of exchange correlations
Creators: name: Tureci, Hakan E.
name: Alhassid, Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the problem of spin-orbit interaction in a 2D chaotic or diffusive quantum dot in the presence of exchange correlations. Spin-orbit scattering breaks spin rotation invariance, and in the crossover regime between different symmetries of the spin-orbit coupling, the problem has no closed solution. A conventional choice of a many-particle basis in a numerical diagonalization is the set of Slater determinants built from the single-particle eigenstates of the one-body Hamiltonian (including the spin-orbit terms). We develop a different approach based on the use of a good-spin many-particle basis that is composed of the eigenstates of the universal Hamiltonian in the absence of spin-orbit scattering. We introduce a complete labelling of this good-spin basis and use angular momentum algebra to calculate in closed form the matrix elements of the spin-orbit interaction in this basis. Spin properties, such as the ground-state spin distribution and the spin excitation function, are easily calculated in this basis.
description: 14 pages, 3 figures
Die belarussisch-orthodoxe Kirche: ganz nah an Moskau und doch anders
Creators: name: Vasilevič, Natallja Scjapanaŭna
name: Jacobs, Annegret
Publisher: name: Ökumenische Rundschau
Year: 2025

description: Ökumenische Rundschau, Bd. 65 Nr. 1 (2016): Ökumenische Rundschau, Band 65, Heft 1
On quantum $\mathfrak{osp}(1|2\ell)$-Toda chain
Creators: name: Gerasimov, A. A.
name: Lebedev, D. R.
name: Oblezin, S. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The orthosymplectic super Lie algebra $\mathfrak{osp}(1|\,2\ell)$ is the closest analog of standard Lie algebras in the world of super Lie algebras. We demonstrate that the corresponding $\mathfrak{osp}(1|\,2\ell)$-Toda chain turns out to be an instance of a $BC_\ell$-Toda chain. The underlying reason for this relation is discussed.
description: 17 pages
Structure of Holographic BCFT Correlators from Geodesics
Creators: name: Kastikainen, Jani
name: Shashi, Sanjit
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compute correlation functions, specifically 1-point and 2-point functions, in holographic boundary conformal field theory (BCFT) using geodesic approximation. The holographic model consists of a massive scalar field coupled to a Karch-Randall brane -- a rigid boundary in the bulk AdS space. Geodesic approximation requires the inclusion of paths reflecting off of this brane, which we show in detail. For the 1-point function, we find agreement between geodesic approximation and the harder $Δ$-exact calculation, and we give a novel derivation of boundary entropy using the result. For the 2-point function, we find a factorization phase transition and a mysterious set of anomalous boundary-localized BCFT operators. We also discuss some puzzles concerning these operators.
description: 17 pages (including appendices) + references, 11 figures; v3: fixed additional typos, matches version to appear in PRD
Air-to-air refuelling aerodynamic interaction
Creators: name: Landry, Patrick F.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: With the advent of the CC-130(H)T (Hercules) aircraft in the role of air tanker in support of the CF-18A fighter aircraft, a flight testing programme was initiated in order to establish the compatibility of the two aircraft for Air-to-Air Refuelling (AAR). Concurrently, scale testing was conducted in a low speed wind tunnel at the University of British Columbia to investigate the effect of the CC-130H(T)'s wing-tip vortex on the CF-18A aircraft in the AAR pre-contact position. The scale testing was accomplished by subjecting a 1/12 scale model of the CF-18A to the tip vortex of a generating wing placed upstream in a wind tunnel. Custom-designed mounts allowed for variation of the model's vertical position and of the generating wing's lateral position inside the wind tunnel. Force and pressure sensors installed on the model served to measure the positional effects of the vortex for three AAR conditions defined by tanker vortex strength and CF-18A angle-of-attack. The present study has shown that, when considering the wing-tip vortex exclusively, the optimal AAR pre-contact region is far inboard of and below the tanker wing tip, while the most unstable region of the tip vortex is just outboard of and roughly level with the tanker's wing tip. Furthermore, the magnitude of the aerodynamic forces on the model was observed to be proportional to the strength of the generated vortex, and insignificant Reynolds number effects were observed between half-speed and full-speed tests.
Ultraintense, ultrashort pulse x-ray scattering in small molecules
Creators: name: Ho, Phay J.
name: Fouda, Adam E. A.
name: Li, Kai
name: Doumy, Gilles
name: Young, Linda
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine x-ray scattering from an isolated organic molecule from the linear to nonlinear absorptiveregime. In the nonlinear regime, we explore the importance of both the elastic and inelastic channelsand observe the onset of nonlinear behavior as a function of pulse duration and energy. In the linearregime, we test the sensitivity of the scattering signal to molecular bonding and electronic correlationvia calculations using the independent atom model (IAM), Hartree-Fock (HF) and density functionaltheory (DFT). Finally, we describe how coherent x-ray scattering can be used to directly visualizefemtosecond charge transfer and dissociation within a single molecule undergoing x-ray multiphotonabsorption.
Specific Heat of Disordered $^{3}$He
Creators: name: Choi, H.
name: Davis, J. P.
name: Pollanen, J.
name: Mulders, N.
name: Halperin, W. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Porous aerogel is a source of elastic scattering in superfluid 3He and modifies the properties of the superfluid, suppressing the transition temperature and order parameter. The specific heat jumps for the B-phase of superfluid 3He in aerogel have been measured as a function of pressure and interpreted using the homogeneous and inhomogeneous isotropic scattering models. The specific heat jumps for other p-wave states are estimated for comparison.
description: Manuscript prepared for LT 24