Holocneminus samanggi Lan & Jäger & Zhu & Li 2021, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Lan, Tianqi
name: Jäger, Peter
name: Zhu, Wenhui
name: Li, Shuqiang
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Araneae
Pholcidae
Holocneminus
Holocneminus samanggi

description: Holocneminus samanggi Lan & Li sp. nov.
Figs 1–2
Type material. Holotype: male (IZCAS-Ar41833), Cave without name (5°3’2.76”S, 119°41’9.40”E, elevation 50 m), Balang Ajia Orchard, Samanggi Village, Maros, South Sulawesi, Indonesia, 22 August 2014, H. Zhao and Z. Yao leg. Paratypes: 2 females (IZCAS-Ar41834–Ar41835), same data as holotype.
Etymology. The specific name is a noun in apposition and refers to the type locality.
Diagnosis. This species resembles H. multiguttatus (Simon, 1905) (see Deeleman-Reinhold 1995: 34, figs 1–8), with a similar bulbal process (Figs 2C, D) but can be distinguished by the presence of a longer pair of projections on the male clypeus, each with six or seven cones (arrow 1 in Fig. 2E, three cones each in H. multiguttatus), by the presence of an angular subdistal apophysis dorsally on the procursus (arrow in Fig. 1C, absent in H. multiguttatus), and by a posterior edge on both sides of epigynum slightly concave toward the middle (arrow 2 in Fig. 2A, pair of semicircular posterior extensions in H. multiguttatus).
Description. Male (holotype, IZCAS-Ar41833): Total length 2.10 (2.24 with clypeus), carapace 0.92 long, 1.04 wide, opisthosoma 1.18 long, 0.98 wide. Leg I: – (4.94 + 0.38 + – + – + –), leg II: 14.35 (3.91 + 0.37 + 3.72 + 5.13 + 1.22), leg III: 9.98 (2.95 + 0.36 + 2.50 + 3.46 + 0.71), leg IV: 13.83 (3.85 + 0.37 + 3.59 + 5.19 + 0.83). Distance PME-PME 0.09, diameter PME 0.08, distance PME-ALE 0.04, distance AME-AME 0.01, diameter AME 0.03. Sternum wider than long (0.70/0.49). Habitus as in Figs 2F, G. Carapace yellowish, with narrow median line; ocular area yellowish, with brown spots; clypeus brownish, with brown spots; sternum yellowish. Legs yellowish but brownish on patellae and whitish on distal parts of femora and proximal and distal parts of tibiae, with slightly darker rings on subdistal parts of femora and tibiae. Opisthosoma yellowish, with spots dorsally and laterally. Ocular area slightly elevated and separate from rest of carapace. Thoracic furrow shallow but distinct. Clypeus with pair of long projections reaching middle of chelicerae, each with six or seven cones (arrow 1 in Fig. 2E). Chelicerae as in Fig. 2E, with stridulatory ridges, pair of proximal apophyses (arrow 2 in Fig. 2E) and pair of distal apophyses, each provided with four cones. Pedipalps as in Figs 1A, B; trochanter with short retrolateral apophysis and small ventral apophysis; femur conspicuously enlarged, with ventral apophysis; procursus simple, with distinctive membranous and dorsal angular subdistal apophysis; bulb rectangular with proximal sclerite, scaly edge, small medio-retrolateral apophysis with several teeth (arrow 1 in Fig. 2D), membranous pointed distal-prolateral projection (arrow in Fig. 2C) and sclerotized embolus (with large distal apophysis, arrow 2 in Fig. 2D) apparently containing sperm duct (sperm duct opening visible, arrow 3 in Fig. 2D).
Female (paratype, IZCAS-Ar41834): Similar to male, habitus as in Figs 2H, I. Total length 2.50 (2.61 with clypeus), carapace 0.94 long, 0.98 wide, opisthosoma 1.56 long, 1.22 wide. Leg I: 14.71 (3.85 + 0.35 + 3.84 + 5.32 + 1.35); tibia I L/d: 32. Distance PME-PME 0.11, diameter PME 0.09, distance PME-ALE 0.05, distance AME-AME 0.02, diameter AME 0.04. Sternum wider than long (0.76/0.58). Clypeus unmodified. Chelicerae with stridulatory ridges. Epigynum (Fig. 2A) complex, with pair of dark, rough markings (arrow 1 in Fig. 2A) and posterior edge of both sides slightly concave inward (arrow 2 in Fig. 2A). Vulva (Fig. 2B) with trapezoidal sclerotized anterior arch, pair of curved sclerites, and pair of large pore plates.
Variation: Tibia I in another female paratype: 3.78 (IZCAS-Ar41835).
Distribution. Indonesia (South Sulawesi, type locality; Fig. 11).
Natural history. The species was found on its irregular web at the entrance zone of a cave.
description: Published as part of Lan, Tianqi, Jäger, Peter, Zhu, Wenhui & Li, Shuqiang, 2021, Pholcid spiders (Araneae: Pholcidae) from Southeast Asia, with descriptions of five new species, pp. 545-562 in Zootaxa 4963 (3) on pages 546-549, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4963.3.8, http://zenodo.org/record/4704485