cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Pre-Inflationary Bounce Effects on Primordial Gravitational Waves of $f(R)$ Gravity
Creators: name: Odintsov, S. D.
name: Oikonomou, V. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work we shall study a possible pre-inflationary scenario for our Universe and how this might be realized by $f(R)$ gravity. Specifically, we shall introduce a scenario in which the Universe in the pre-inflationary era contracts until it reaches a minimum magnitude, and subsequently expands, slowly entering a slow-roll quasi-de Sitter inflationary era. This pre-inflationary bounce avoids the cosmic singularity, and for the eras before and after the quasi-de Sitter inflationary stage, approximately satisfies the string theory motivated scale factor duality $a(t)=a^{-1}(-t)$. We investigate which approximate forms of $f(R)$ can realize such a non-singular pre-inflationary scenario, the quasi-de Sitter patch of which is described by an $R^2$ gravity, thus the exit from inflation is guaranteed. Furthermore, since in string theory pre-Big Bang scenarios lead to an overall amplification of the gravitational wave energy spectrum, we examine in detail this perspective for the $f(R)$ gravity generating this pre-inflationary non-singular bounce. As we show, in the $f(R)$ gravity case, the energy spectrum of the primordial gravitational waves background is also amplified, however the drawback is that the amplification is too small to be detected by future high frequency interferometers. Thus we conclude that, as in the case of single scalar field theories, $f(R)$ gravity cannot produce detectable stochastic gravitational waves and a synergistic theory of scalars and higher order curvature terms might be needed.
description: PLB Accepted
Voice syncretism
Creators: name: Bahrt, Nicklas N.
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: voice syncretism
subject: synchronic perspectives
subject: diachronic perspectives
subject: 400 Sprache::410 Linguistik::410 Linguistik

description: This book provides a comprehensive typological account of voice syncretism, focusing on resemblance in formal verbal marking between two or more of the following seven voices: passives, antipassives, reflexives, reciprocals, anticausatives, causatives, and applicatives. It covers voice syncretism from both synchronic and diachronic perspectives, and has been structured in a manner that facilitates convenient access to information about specific patterns of voice syncretism, their distribution and development. The book is based on a survey of voice syncretism in 222 geographically and genealogically diverse languages, but also thoroughly revisits previous research on the phenomenon. Voice syncretism is approached systematically by establishing and exploring patterns of voice syncretism that can logically be posited for the seven voices of focus in the book: 21 simplex patterns when one considers two of the seven voices sharing the same marking (e.g. reflexive-reciprocal syncretism), and 99 complex patterns when one considers more than two of the voices sharing the same marking (e.g. reflexive-reciprocal-anticausative syncretism). In a similar vein, 42 paths of development can logically be posited if it is assumed that voice marking in each of the seven voices can potentially develop one of the other six voice functions (e.g. reflexive voice marking developing a reciprocal function). This approach enables the discussion of both voice syncretism that has received considerable attention in the literature (notably middle syncretism involving the reflexive, reciprocal, anticausative and/or passive voices) and voice syncretism that has received little or no treatment in the past (including seemingly contradictory patterns such as causative-anticausative and passive-antipassive syncretism). In the survey almost all simplex patterns are attested in addition to seventeen complex patterns. In terms of diachrony, evidence is presented and discussed for twenty paths of development. The book strives to highlight the variation found in voice syncretism across the world’s languages and encourage further research into the phenomenon.
Die Research Collection der ETH Zürich: Ein Repositorium für Publikationen und Forschungsdaten
Creators: name: Hirschmann, Barbara
Publisher: name: ETH Zurich
Year: 2018

description: Im Sommer 2017 hat die ETH-Bibliothek nach rund dreijähriger Projektphase eine neue Publikationsplattform für die Forschenden der ETH Zürich in Betrieb genommen. Über die Plattform mit dem Namen Research Collection können ETH-Angehörige ihren Forschungsoutput für die akademische Berichterstattung und für die Erzeugung von Publikationslisten auf ihren Webseiten erfassen, ihre Open-Access-Texte publizieren und zudem ihre Forschungsdaten archivieren oder öffentlich zugänglich machen.
Der Vortrag stellt das Projekt, im Rahmen dessen die Research Collection entwickelt und zugleich zwei Vorgängersysteme abgelöst wurden, vor. Neben Aspekten der Projektorganisation werden die konzeptionellen Grundlagen für das Repository erläutert. Die entwickelten Workflows und Features werden veranschaulicht, ebenso wie die Einbindung der Plattform in die Informationsinfrastruktur der Hochschule. Im Fokus steht dabei die Frage, mit welchen Herausforderungen sich eine Bibliothek bei der Entwicklung einer Plattform, die drei Aufgaben unter einem Dach vereinen soll (Bibliographie / Open-Access-Repository / Forschungsdaten-Repository) konfrontiert sieht. Nach einem knappen Jahr regulären Betriebs kann zudem ein erstes Fazit in Bezug auf die Praxistauglichkeit der im Projekt erarbeiteten Prozesse und Lösungen gezogen werden.
Additional file 3 of Assessment of the effectiveness of hospital external disaster functional drills on health care receivers’ performance, using standardized patients and mass cards simulation: a pilot study from Saudi Arabia
Creators: name: Bajow, Nidaa
name: Alesa, Saleh
name: Shaheen, Fatima Alzahraa Yassin
name: Almalki, Abdulaziz
name: Alshamrani, Ali
name: Alotaibi, Rimaz
name: Aloraifi, Abdulaziz
name: Montan, Carl
name: Lennquist, Sten
name: Alotaibi, Mujahid
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: Medicine
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Cancer
Science Policy

description: Supplementary Material 3
Role of Interestingness Measures in CAR Rule Ordering for Associative Classifier: An Empirical Approach
Creators: name: Kannan, S.
name: Bhaskaran, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Associative Classifier is a novel technique which is the integration of Association Rule Mining and Classification. The difficult task in building Associative Classifier model is the selection of relevant rules from a large number of class association rules (CARs). A very popular method of ordering rules for selection is based on confidence, support and antecedent size (CSA). Other methods are based on hybrid orderings in which CSA method is combined with other measures. In the present work, we study the effect of using different interestingness measures of Association rules in CAR rule ordering and selection for associative classifier.
Spin-Peierls instabilities of antiferromagnetic rings in a magnetic field
Creators: name: Lante, Valeria
name: Rousochatzakis, Ioannis
name: Penc, Karlo
name: Waldmann, Oliver
name: Mila, Frédéric
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Motivated by the intriguing properties of magnetic molecular wheels at field induced level crossings, we investigate the spin-Peierls instability of antiferromagnetic rings in a field by exact diagonalizations of a microscopic spin model coupled to the lattice via a distortion dependent Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction. We show that, beyond the unconditional instability at level crossings for infinitesimal magnetoelastic coupling, the model is characterized by a stronger tendency to distort at higher level crossings, and by a dramatic angular dependence with very sharp torque anomalies when the field is almost in the plane of the ring. These predictions are shown to compare remarkably well with available torque and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance data on CsFe8.
description: Revised text + figs
People and the sea: A values perspective in the conservation management of maritime heritage in the Philippines
Creators: name: Lim, Kristine Kate A.
name: Orillaneda, Bobby C.
name: King, Catherine P.
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Philippine archaeology
subject: underwater cultural heritage
subject: people-centred approach
subject: values-led
subject: heritage conservation
subject: 900 Geschichte und Geografie::930 Geschichte des Altertums (bis ca. 499), Archäologie::930 Geschichte des Altertums bis ca. 499, Archäologie

description: As demonstrated in archaeology, underwater cultural heritage (UCH) has provided significant contributions towards the understanding of heritage connections across the globe. However, the development of the discipline in the Philippines has also been hampered by confusing legalities, treasure hunting activities, and financial constraints that diminish the influence of its impact and potential reach. More so, the effects of natural hazards, climate change, and other human activities on UCH have not yet been fully documented, making it more susceptible to potential threats and destruction. The COVID-19 pandemic makes archaeological campaigns and monitoring even more difficult. These considerations make Philippine UCH vulnerable and raise questions whether its contribution will still be relevant for the present and future generations. This article provides a status update of underwater archaeological activities and synthesises the challenges of managing UCH in the Philippines in the past 40 years. It outlines the practices, partnerships, and transitions made by various stakeholders in response to the growing discipline and community interest. This article problematises the value ascription of these stakeholders to UCH as seen in conventional arrangements, development of policies, and bureaucratic set-ups. The applicability of the values-led theory and the peoplecentred management model is examined given the traditional valuing of UCH that is material or fabric-based. The gaps pointed here are opportunities to build a shared stewardship view that connects UCH in the entirety of people and the sea wellbeing.
Die molekulare Neuropathologie: Moderne Diagnostik der Krankheiten des Nervensystems und der Skelettmuskulatur
Creators: name: Radke, Josefine
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: glioblastoma
subject: oncology
subject: neuropathology
subject: MGMT
subject: dermatomyositis
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Die Zielsetzung der vorliegenden Arbeit ist die morphologische und molekulare Charakterisierung neuroonkologischer und neuromuskulärer Erkrankungen zur Identifizierung genetischer und epigenetischer Veränderungen, die der diagnostischen, prognostischen und prädiktiven Einordnung dienen sollen. Die Studienergebnisse sollen dabei Eingang in die klinische Routineversorgung der Patient*innen finden. Ziel ist vor allem auch die Identifizierung bestimmter Biomarker zur therapeutischen Stratifizierung der Patient*innen.
Nikolai Gogol's attitude to his women characters
Creators: name: Wilmink, Svetlana
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: Nikolai Gogol has been an enigma that many scholars have attempted to understand. No one disputes his artistic genius, yet no one can satisfactorily define it. Both in his artistic works and in his life, Gogol was original, or rather, he was true to himself, a feat that set him apart from Russian society during Nikolai I's reign. Gogol did not have any love affairs nor did he marry. This fact has led many critics to formulate the opinion that Gogol feared women. Theories of an Oedipal or homo-erotic complex, or regression have been set forth as explanations for this fear. Yet did Gogol fear women and do his works reflect this fear? The Oedipal and regressive theories are justified by selecting examples from Gogol's literary works. However, these attempts, to date, have been usually based on one or two works, while the rest of Gogol's works are disregarded. It is the purpose of this study to give a comprehensive analysis of Gogol's life and works before any conclusions are arrived at. The intent is to be objective rather than subjective. To do this, I have had to rely heavily on actual quotations from the author, his works, and opinions voiced by critics. The study has been divided into four chapters. The first chapter deals with Gogol's biography. His early life, his mother's influence, his aspirations and friendships will be surveyed. The second chapter consists of four summaries of recent critiques of Gogol. These four have been chosen on the basis that they reflect a diversity of present-day opinions of Gogol. Setchkarev analyses Gogol's work from an artistic point of view. Erlich regards Gogol as a great grotesque writer whose works reflect existential problems. Driessen and McLean illustrate what can be done when a psychoanalytical approach is used. The third chapter is an examination of Gogol's method of presenting his women characters. As Gogol developed philosophically and artistically, his attitude to women changed. Therefore I have divided the chapter into four parts, each reflecting a different attitude to the subject, women. The parts are called modes and consist of the lyrical, subjective, caricature and idealized mode. The milieu of the women characters, their physical appearance, actions and functions in the stories will be looked at. The last chapter presents my conclusion. On the basis of a textual analysis of Gogol's works, I have arrived at the conclusion that Gogol had a high regard for women. Women are a completely separate entity from men and should be appreciated for what they are. Gogol finds fault with men for expecting too much from women; rather, men should seek contentment within themselves. However, women as objects to behold are an everlasting pleasure to Gogol.
Intrinsic relationship between synchronisation thresholds and Lyapunov vectors: evidence from large eddy simulations and shell models
Creators: name: Li, Jian
name: Si, Wenwen
name: Li, Yi
name: Xu, Peng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An important parameter characterising the synchronisation of turbulent flows is the threshold coupling wavenumber. This study investigates the relationship between the threshold coupling wavenumber and the leading Lyapunov vector using large eddy simulations and the SABRA model. Various subgrid-scale stress models, Reynolds numbers, and different coupling methods are examined. A new scaling relation is identified for the leading Lyapunov exponents in large eddy simulations, showing that they approximate those of filtered direct numerical simulations. This interpretation provides a physical basis for results related to the Lyapunov exponents of large eddy simulations, including those related to synchronisation. Synchronization experiments show that the peak wavenumber of the energy spectrum of the leading Lyapunov vector coincides with the threshold coupling wavenumber, in large eddy simulations of box turbulence with standard Smagorinsky or dynamic mixed models as well as in the SABRA model, replicating results from direct numerical simulations of box turbulence. Although the dynamic Smagorinsky model exhibit different behaviour, the totality of the results suggests that the relationship is an intrinsic property of a certain class of chaotic systems. We also confirm that conditional Lyapunov exponents characterize the synchronization process in indirectly coupled systems as they do in directly coupled ones, with their values insensitive to the nature of the master flow. These findings advance the understanding of the role of the Lyapunov vector in the synchronization of turbulence.
On the distribution of protostar masses
Creators: name: Myers, Philip C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The distribution of protostar masses is studied for core-environment systems whose duration of infall follows a waiting-time distribution. Each core-environment system has a continuous density profile with no barrier to mass flow. The core is an isothermal sphere and the environment is a filament, a layer, or a uniform medium. The infall is terminated by gas dispersal due to outflows and turbulence. The distribution of infall durations is a declining exponential, the simplest waiting-time distribution. The resulting distribution of protostar masses closely resembles the initial mass function, provided the environment density is sufficiently high, and the distribution of initial core masses is sufficiently narrow. The high-mass tail of the mass function increases strongly with environment density and weakly with environment dimension. Isolated regions of low environment density form protostars of low mass from within the parent core. In contrast, clustered regions of high environment density form protostars of low mass from core gas, and protostars of high mass from core and environment gas.
description: To appear in The Astrophysical Journal, December 2009
Near-infrared spectroscopy of extreme BAL QSOs from the QUBRICS bright quasar survey
Creators: name: Cupani, Guido
name: Calderone, Giorgio
name: Selvelli, Pierluigi
name: Cristiani, Stefano
name: Boutsia, Konstantina
name: Grazian, Andrea
name: Fontanot, Fabio
name: Guarneri, Francesco
name: D'Odorico, Valentina
name: Giallongo, Emanuele
name: Menci, Nicola
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on the spectral confirmation of 18 QSO candidates from the "QUasars as BRIght beacons for Cosmology in the Southern hemisphere'' survey (QUBRICS), previously observed in the optical band, for which we acquired new spectroscopic data in the near-infrared band with the Folded-port InfraRed Echellette spectrograph (FIRE) at the Magellan Baade telescope. In most cases, further observations were prompted by the peculiar nature of the targets, whose optical spectra displayed unexpected absorption features. All candidates have been confirmed as bona fide QSOs, with average emission redshift $z\simeq 2.1$. The analysis of the emission and absorption features in the spectra, performed with Astrocook and QSFit, reveals that the large majority of these objects are broad-absorption line (BAL) QSOs, with almost half of them displaying strong Fe II absorption (typical of the so-called FeLoBAL QSOs). The detection of such a large fraction of rare objects (which are estimated to account for less than one percent of the general QSO population) is interpreted as an unexpected (yet favourable) consequence of the particular candidate selection procedure adopted within the QUBRICS survey. The measured properties of FeLoBAL QSOs observed so far provide no evidence that they are a manifestation of a particular stage in AGN evolution. In this paper we present an explorative analysis of the individual QSOs, to serve as a basis for a further, more detailed investigation.
description: 20 pages, 7 figures. This is a pre-copyedited, author-produced PDF of an article accepted for publication in MNRAS following peer review. Associated data and procedures available at https://www.ict.inaf.it/index.php/31-doi/137-ds-2021-03
Search for Excited Quarks in ep Collisions at HERA
Creators: name: H1 Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A search for excited quarks is performed using the full ep data sample collected by the H1 experiment at HERA, corresponding to a total integrated luminosity of 475 pb^-1. The electroweak decays of excited quarks q* -> q gamma, q* -> q Z and q* -> q W with subsequent hadronic or leptonic decays of the W and Z bosons are considered. No evidence for first generation excited quark production is found. Mass dependent exclusion limits on q* production cross sections and on the ratio f/Lambda of the coupling to the compositeness scale are derived within gauge mediated models. These limits extend the excluded region compared to previous excited quark searches.
description: Revised version, with small changes to the text. 19 pages, 5 figures
Surface cracks—geomorphological indicators for late Quaternary halotectonic movements in Northern Germany
Creators: name: Hardt, Jacob
name: Norden, Ben
name: Bauer, Klaus
name: Toelle, Ole
name: Krambach, Jenny
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Central European Basin System
subject: halotectonics
subject: Permian Zechstein salt structures
subject: Quaternary glaciations
subject: Quaternary processes
subject: salt dome
subject: salt pillow
subject: Scandinavian Ice Sheet
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::550 Geowissenschaften, Geologie::550 Geowissenschaften

description: Loading and unloading effects of the Scandinavian Ice Sheet triggered halotectonic movements in Northern Germany. We present newly detected geomorphological features—termed surface cracks—which indicate a relation between ice sheet-induced salt movement and surface processes. As a part of the Central European Basin System, numerous Zechstein salt structures are abundant in the North German Basin. On the basis of high-resolution digital terrain data, more than 160 surface cracks were mapped in Northern Germany, which were grouped into 30 clusters. Almost all of the surface cracks occur above the top regions of Zechstein salt structures. The surface cracks can be several kilometres long, up to more than 20 m deep and more than 100 m wide. The comparison of the shape of the salt structures and the orientation of the cracks reveals a geometric dependency, indicating that the cracks preferably occur near the crest margins of the salt structures. Furthermore, 3D seismic data from two sites show that subsurface faults originating from salt movement exist beneath the surface cracks. We interpret the cracks as surface ruptures due to ice sheet-induced halotectonic movements. The cracks occur in a variety of Quaternary sediments and landforms. This indicates that widespread halokinetic movements occurred in the region after the last (Weichselian) deglaciation and likely before the thawing of the permafrost, possibly in a time frame from c. 30–20 ka until c. 15 ka.
Neutrino beaming in ultraluminous X-ray pulsars as a result of gravitational lensing by neutron stars
Creators: name: Mushtukov, Alexander A.
name: Potekhin, Alexander Y.
name: Markozov, Ivan D.
name: Nallan, Suraga
name: Kornacka, Kesja
name: Ognev, Igor S.
name: Kravtsov, Vadim
name: Dobrynina, Alexandra A.
name: Kaminker, Alexander D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: X-ray pulsars experiencing extreme mass accretion rates can produce neutrino emission in the MeV energy band. Neutrinos in these systems are emitted in close proximity to the stellar surface and subsequently undergo gravitational bending in the space curved by a neutron star. This process results in the formation of a distinct beam pattern of neutrino emission and gives rise to the phenomenon of neutrino pulsars. The energy flux of neutrinos, when averaged over the neutron star's pulsation period, can differ from the isotropic neutrino energy flux, which impacts the detectability of bright pulsars in neutrinos. We investigate the process of neutrino beam pattern formation, accounting for neutron star transparency to neutrinos and gravitational bending. Based on simulated neutrino beam patterns, we estimate the potential difference between the actual and apparent neutrino luminosity. We show that the apparent luminosity can greatly exceed the actual luminosity, albeit only in a small fraction of cases, depending on the specific equation of state and the mass of the star. For example, the amplification can exceed a factor of ten for $\approx0.05\%$ of typical neutron stars with mass of $1.4\,M_\odot$. Strong amplification is less probable for neutron stars of higher mass. In the case of strange stars, a fraction of high energy neutrinos can be absorbed and the beam pattern, as well as the amplification of apparent neutrino luminosity, depend on neutrino energy.
description: submitted to MNRAS, 13 pages, 9 figures
A Holistic Approach to Securing Web Applications
Creators: name: Stankovic, Srdjan
name: Simic, Dejan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Protection of Web applications is an activity that requires constant monitoring of security threats as well as looking for solutions in this field. Since protection has moved from the lower layers of OSI models to the application layer and having in mind the fact that 75% of all the attacks are performed at the application layer, special attention should be paid to the application layer. It is possible to improve protection of Web application on the level of the system architecture by introducing new components which will realize protection on higher levels of OSI models. This paper deals with Intrusion Detection Systems, Intrusion Prevention Systems, Web Application Firewall and gives a holistic approach to securing Web applications using aforementioned components.
Additional file 4 of Targeting hepcidin in colorectal cancer triggers a TNF-dependent-gasdermin E-driven immunogenic cell death response
Creators: name: Di Grazia, Antonio
name: Franzè, Eleonora
name: Frascatani, Rachele
name: Laudisi, Federica
name: Pacifico, Teresa
name: Tomassini, Lorenzo
name: Di Fusco, Davide
name: Formica, Vincenzo
name: Sica, Giuseppe
name: Stolfi, Carmine
name: Monteleone, Ivan
name: Monteleone, Giovanni
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Supplementary Material 4
TTbar and Holography
Creators: name: Demisē, M. Asrat
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In recent years, there have been two independent but related developments in the study of irrelevant deformations in two dimensional quantum field theories (QFTs). The first development is the deformation of a two dimensional QFT by the determinant of the energy momentum stress tensor, commonly referred to as $T{\bar T}$ deformation. The second development is in two dimensional holographic field theories which are dual to string theory in asymptotically Anti-de Sitter (AdS) spacetimes. In this latter development, the deformation is commonly referred to as single-trace $T{\bar T}$ deformation. The single-trace $T{\bar T}$ deformation corresponds in the bulk to a string background that interpolates between AdS spacetime in the infrared (IR) and a linear dilaton spacetime (vacuum of little string theory (LST)) in the ultraviolet (UV). It serves as a useful tool and guide to better understand and explore holography in asymptotically AdS and non-AdS spacetimes in a controlled setting. In particular, it is useful to gain insights into holography in flat spacetimes. The dissertation is devoted to the study of single-trace $T{\bar T}$ deformation and its single-trace generalizations in theories with $U(1)$ currents, namely $J\bar T$ and $T\bar J$ deformations, in the context of gauge/gravity duality. In the dissertation I present new results in the study of holography in asymptotically non-AdS spacetimes. I discuss two point correlation functions in single-trace $T{\bar T}$ deformation, and entanglement entropy and entropic $c$-function in single-trace $T{\bar T}$, $J\bar T$ and $T\bar J$ deformations.
description: Ph.D. Thesis. 99 pages. 2 figures
Pantoea stewartii WceF is a glycan biofilm-modifying enzyme with a bacteriophage tailspike-like fold
Creators: name: Irmscher, Tobias
name: Roske, Yvette
name: Gayk, Igor
name: Dunsing, Valentin
name: Chiantia, Salvatore
name: Heinemann, Udo
name: Barbirz, Stefanie
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: biofilm
subject: Pantoea stewartii
subject: bacterial pathogenesis
subject: glycoside hydrolase
subject: exopolysaccharide
subject: oligosaccharide
subject: X-ray crystallography
subject: parallel beta-helix
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::540 Chemie::540 Chemie und zugeordnete Wissenschaften

description: Pathogenic microorganisms often reside in glycan-based biofilms. Concentration and chain length distribution of these mostly anionic exopolysaccharides (EPS) determine the overall biophysical properties of a biofilm and result in a highly viscous environment. Bacterial communities regulate this biofilm state via intracellular small-molecule signaling to initiate EPS synthesis. Reorganization or degradation of this glycan matrix, however, requires the action of extracellular glycosidases. So far, these were mainly described for bacteriophages that must degrade biofilms for gaining access to host bacteria. The plant pathogen Pantoea stewartii (P. stewartii) encodes the protein WceF within its EPS synthesis cluster. WceF has homologs in various biofilm forming plant pathogens of the Erwinia family. In this work, we show that WceF is a glycosidase active on stewartan, the main P. stewartii EPS biofilm component. WceF has remarkable structural similarity with bacteriophage tailspike proteins (TSPs). Crystal structure analysis showed a native trimer of right-handed parallel β-helices. Despite its similar fold, WceF lacks the high stability found in bacteriophage TSPs. WceF is a stewartan hydrolase and produces oligosaccharides, corresponding to single stewartan repeat units. However, compared with a stewartan-specific glycan hydrolase of bacteriophage origin, WceF showed lectin-like autoagglutination with stewartan, resulting in notably slower EPS cleavage velocities. This emphasizes that the bacterial enzyme WceF has a role in P. stewartii biofilm glycan matrix reorganization clearly different from that of a bacteriophage exopolysaccharide depolymerase.
Additional file 1 of Osthole attenuates asthma-induced airway epithelial cell apoptosis and inflammation by suppressing TSLP/NF-κB-mediated inhibition of Th2 differentiation
Creators: name: Li, Yanli
name: Zhou, Yushan
name: Liu, Liqiong
name: Yang, Yunfeng
name: Liu, Yanhong
name: Yan, Dailing
name: Chen, Juyan
name: Xiao, Yi
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Supplementary Material 1
title: Youth Organizations
Creators: name: Honeck, Mischa
Publisher: name: ZZF - Centre for Contemporary History: Docupedia-Zeitgeschichte
Year: 2019

description: Hitler Youth, Komsomol, Boy Scouts – no grand narrative of the twentieth century can ignore these youth leagues and their millions of members. For some these organizations meant fun and games or adventure, for others rigid hierarchies and political indoctrination. These stereotypes notwithstanding, historians have nevertheless succeeded in painting a nuanced picture of this pedagogical innovation. This contribution outlines the key developments in scholarly debate and shows how addressing youth organizations can benefit core working areas of contemporary history.
Research Data Management Training for IAC
Creators: name: Petrus, Ana
name: Töwe, Matthias
Publisher: name: ETH Zurich
Year: 2017
Subjects: Research Data Management (RDM)
Active Research Data Management (ARDM)
Open Research Data
Research Data Life Cycle
Digital Curation
Training
info:eu-repo/classification/ddc/0
info:eu-repo/classification/ddc/020
info:eu-repo/classification/ddc/004
Computer science, information & general works
Library & information sciences
Data processing, computer science

description: The customised training «Research Data Management Training for IAC» was held in the form of a seminar. The presentation contains information on research data management, an overview of rules and regulations, open access and licenses, best practices for personal data management, an excursion to long-term preservation and an overview of ETH services for research data management. 
Due to anonymization, the content of individual slides within this presentation might have been modified before publication.
Covariant Non-local Chiral Quark Model and Pion-photon Transition Distribution Amplitudes
Creators: name: Kotko, P.
name: Praszalowicz, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using non-local chiral quark model with simple pole ansatz for mass dependence on momentum and non-local currents satisfying Ward-Takahashi identities, we calculate pion to photon transition distribution amplitudes and relevant form factors. For vector amplitude we recover correct normalization fixed by the axial anomaly. We find that due to the non-locality in the vector current, the value of axial form factor at zero momentum transfer is lowered with respect to the vector form factor. Such behaviour - consistent with experiment - is not seen in the local models. Where possible we compare our results to the experimental data.
description: 15 pages, 7 figures, references updated, minor text changes
Study of the influence of educational environment on 'fear of success' in high school and college women
Creators: name: Yan, Toby Rose
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: A series of three projective cues, designed to measure fear of success, were administered to fifty women with coeducational backgrounds (twenty-eight from grade 11 and twenty-two from first year university) and forty-eight women from single-sex schools (thirty from grade 11 and eighteen from first year university). The groups were matched for socioeconomic status and intellectual ability. Following the administration of the verbal cues, subjects were tested in competitive and non-competitive conditions on two performance tasks, before which they were asked to estimate their performance. They also completed a Sex-Role Differentiation (SRD) questionnaire and a general information sheet. The results indicated that the level of fear of success was the same for public and private school women in Grade 11 but increased significantly for private school women in university. Women evidencing high fear of success gave lower expectancy estimates of their performance while those low in fear of success made significantly more accurate estimates of their performance on the tasks. Women with high fear of success also held more traditional views of male and female roles as evidence by their higher scores on the SRD scales. However, no significant relationship between fear of success and performance was revealed. The implications of a private school environment for the future education of women were discussed.
The molecular basis for the pH-dependent calcium affinity of the pattern recognition receptor langerin
Creators: name: Joswig, Jan-O.
name: Anders, Jennifer
name: Zhang, Hengxi
name: Rademacher, Christoph
name: Keller, Bettina G.
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: pH regulation
subject: allosteric regulation
subject: conformational change
subject: calcium-binding protein
subject: pattern recognition receptor (PRR)
subject: molecular dynamics
subject: computer modeling
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::540 Chemie::540 Chemie und zugeordnete Wissenschaften

description: The C-type lectin receptor langerin plays a vital role in the mammalian defense against invading pathogens. Langerin requires a Ca2+ cofactor, the binding affinity of which is regulated by pH. Thus, Ca2+ is bound when langerin is on the membrane but released when langerin and its pathogen substrate traffic to the acidic endosome, allowing the substrate to be degraded. The change in pH is sensed by protonation of the allosteric pH sensor histidine H294. However, the mechanism by which Ca2+ is released from the buried binding site is not clear. We studied the structural consequences of protonating H294 by molecular dynamics simulations (total simulation time: about 120 μs) and Markov models. We discovered a relay mechanism in which a proton is moved into the vicinity of the Ca2+-binding site without transferring the initial proton from H294. Protonation of H294 unlocks a conformation in which a protonated lysine side chain forms a hydrogen bond with a Ca2+-coordinating aspartic acid. This destabilizes Ca2+ in the binding pocket, which we probed by steered molecular dynamics. After Ca2+ release, the proton is likely transferred to the aspartic acid and stabilized by a dyad with a nearby glutamic acid, triggering a conformational transition and thus preventing Ca2+ rebinding. These results show how pH regulation of a buried orthosteric binding site from a solvent-exposed allosteric pH sensor can be realized by information transfer through a specific chain of conformational arrangements.
Research Data Management Training for vmITET
Creators: name: Petrus, Ana
name: Töwe, Matthias
Publisher: name: ETH Zurich
Year: 2017
Subjects: Research Data Management (RDM)
Active Research Data Management (ARDM)
Data Management Plan (DMP)
FAIR Data
Open Research Data
Research Data Life Cycle
Digital Curation
SNSF
Funder Policy
Training
info:eu-repo/classification/ddc/0
info:eu-repo/classification/ddc/004
info:eu-repo/classification/ddc/020
Computer science, information & general works
Data processing, computer science
Library & information sciences

description: The customised training «Research Data Management Training for vmITET» was held in the form of a seminar. The presentation contains information on the basics of research data management, an overview of rules and regulations, data management planning, best practices for personal data management, an overview of tools and ETH services for research data management. 
Due to anonymization, the content of individual slides within this presentation might have been modified before publication.
Additional file 1 of Real-world treatment outcomes for Hodgkin lymphoma in South Africa: a prospective observational study
Creators: name: Vogt, Samantha L.
name: Laudin, Garrick
name: Zahurak, Marianna
name: Vaughan, Jenifer
name: Lakha, Atul
name: Pather, Sugeshnee
name: Waja, Ziyaad
name: Chetty, Deshan
name: Omar, Tanvier
name: Stevens, Wendy
name: Ashmore, Philippa
name: Otwombe, Kennedy
name: Hlongwane, Khuthadzo
name: Varadhan, Ravi
name: Patel, Moosa
name: Ambinder, Richard F.
name: Martinson, Neil A.
name: Xian, Rena R.
name: Philip, Vinitha
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1.
An Overview of Research Data Management
Creators: name: Petrus, Ana
name: Töwe, Matthias
Publisher: name: ETH Zurich
Year: 2017
Subjects: Research Data Management (RDM)
Active Research Data Management (ARDM)
Data Management Plan (DMP)
FAIR Data
Open Research Data
Research Data Life Cycle
Digital Curation
SNSF
Funder Policy
Training
info:eu-repo/classification/ddc/0
info:eu-repo/classification/ddc/004
info:eu-repo/classification/ddc/020
Computer science, information & general works
Data processing, computer science
Library & information sciences

description: The customised training «An Overview of Research Data Management» was held in the form of a seminar. The presentation contains information on the basics of research data management, an overview of rules and regulations at ETH and UZH, data management planning, best practices for data management, an overview of tools and ETH as well as UZH services for research data management. 
Due to anonymization, the content of individual slides within this presentation might have been modified before publication.
${}^{31}$P NMR investigation of quasi-two-dimensional magnetic correlations in $T_2$P$_2$S$_6$ ($T$ = Mn & Ni)
Creators: name: Bougamha, F.
name: Selter, S.
name: Shemerliuk, Y.
name: Aswartham, S.
name: Benali, A.
name: Büchner, B.
name: Grafe, H. -J.
name: Dioguardi, A. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the anomalous breakdown in the scaling of the microscopic magnetic susceptibility, as measured via the ${}^{31}$P nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) shift $K$, with the bulk magnetic susceptibility $χ$ in the paramagnetic state of Mn$_2$P$_2$S$_6$. This anomaly occurs near $T_\mathrm{max} \sim 117$ K the maximum in $χ(T)$ and is therefore associated with the onset of quasi-two-dimensional (quasi-2D) magnetic correlations. The spin-lattice relaxation rate divided by temperature $(T_1T)^{-1}$ in Mn$_2$P$_2$S$_6$ exhibits broad peak-like behavior as a function of temperature, qualitatively following $χ$, but displaying no evidence of critical slowing down above the Néel temperature $T_N$. In the magnetic state of Mn$_2$P$_2$S$_6$, NMR spectra provide good evidence for 60 degree rotation of stacking-fault-induced magnetic domains, as well as observation of the spin-flop transition that onsets at 4 T. The temperature-dependent critical behavior of the internal hyperfine field at the P site in Mn$_2$P$_2$S$_6$ is consistent with previous measurements and the two-dimensional anisotropic Heisenberg model. In a sample of Ni$_2$P$_2$S$_6$, we observe only two magnetically split resonances in the magnetic state, demonstrating that the multiple-peaked NMR spectra previously associated with 60 degree rotation of stacking faults is sample dependent. Finally, we report the observation of a spin-flop-induced splitting of the NMR spectra in Ni$_2$P$_2$S$_6$, with an onset spin-flop field of $H_\mathrm{sf} = 14$ T.
Non-$d^0$ Mn-driven ferroelectricity in antiferromagnetic BaMnO$_3$
Creators: name: Rondinelli, James M.
name: Eidelson, Aaron S.
name: Spaldin, Nicola A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using first-principles density functional theory we predict a ferroelectric ground state -- driven by off-centering of the magnetic Mn$^{4+}$ ion -- in perovskite-structure BaMnO$_3$. Our finding is surprising, since the competition between energy-lowering covalent bond formation, and energy-raising Coulombic repulsions usually only favors off-centering on the perovskite $B$-site for non-magnetic $d^0$ ions. We explain this tendency for ferroelectric off-centering by analyzing the changes in electronic structure between the centrosymmetric and polar states, and by calculating the Born effective charges; we find anomalously large values for Mn and O consistent with our calculated polarization of 12.8 $μ$C/cm$^2$. Finally, we suggest possible routes by which the perovskite phase may be stabilized over the usual hexagonal phase, to enable a practical realization of a single-phase multiferroic.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures
Secondary School Leaving Examinations: The Impact of Expectancies, Values, and Dimensional Comparisons on Male and Female Students’ Science-Oriented Choices
Creators: name: Kampa, Nele
name: Kramer, Sonja
name: Hannover, Bettina
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: academic choices
subject: STEM – Science Technology Engineering Mathematics
subject: expectancy values
subject: dimensional comparison theory (DCT)
subject: gender
subject: 300 Sozialwissenschaften::370 Bildung und Erziehung::370 Bildung und Erziehung

description: In Germany, secondary school students have to choose at least one STEM subject (mathematics, biology, chemistry, and physics) for their Secondary School Leaving Examinations. In a representative sample of students in grade 13 in one federal state in Germany, we explore male and female students’ subject choices in an expectancy-value as well as dimensional comparison framework by considering prior performance, ability self-concept, and values in the chosen subject. We extend previous research by including dimensional comparisons that students make between the varying subjects they have to choose from. We discriminate between two opposing groups. One group shows a science-avoidance choice pattern by selecting only one science subject: biology (n = 439). The other group shows a science-oriented choice pattern by selecting either physics or chemistry or two STEM subjects of which one is physics or chemistry (n = 248). We measured achievement test scores, relative and absolute midterm grades, ability self-concepts, as well as attainment and utility values in chosen and non-chosen subjects and calculated logistic regressions as well as multigroup models. Our results showed that science-oriented final exam choices depended on two mechanisms. Within the expectancy-value framework, a science-oriented choice pattern was predicted by ability self-concept in mathematics for male and female students. However, attainment and utility values appeared to be irrelevant for this specific choice. Within the dimensional comparison framework, the relative mathematics-English midterm grade was relevant, but only for male students. Our findings raise the question whether male and female students should be encouraged differently in order to stay in the STEM pipeline and how structural conditions may shape pathways into or out of this pipeline.
Studies on plasma anodization in a DC glow discharge
Creators: name: Olive, Graham
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2012

description: The phenomenon of anodization in the plasma of a dc low pressure oxygen glow discharge is investigated, both from the viewpoint of the mechanisms involved and for potential applications. Aspects studied include the effect of discharge conditions on anodization rate, the significance of negative oxygen ions in the plasma, the ionic current field strength relation in the oxide, and the anodization of metal films on silicon for MIS devices. It was found that the process does not utilize gaseous negative ions from the neutral plasma, and that species transport through the oxide is by high field ionic conduction. The variation of anodization rate with discharge conditions was attributed principally to a dependence of the oxide field strength on the electron energy distribution and density in the plasma. Double oxide layer MIS structures were fabricated, and charge storage effects were investigated.