Solanum oxycarpum Scheide
Creators: name: Spooner, David M.
name: Van Den Berg, Ronald G.
name: Peña, Antonio Rivera-
name: Velguth, Peter
name: Rio, Alfonso Del
name: López, Alberto Salas-
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2001
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Solanales
Solanaceae
Solanum
Solanum oxycarpum

description: SOLANUM OXYCARPUM Scheide in Schltdl., Hort. hal. 1: 5, tab 3. 1841. –TYPE: MEXICO. Veracruz: in rocky places at Malpays de La Joya, Jun 1929, <i>C. Schiede s. n.</i> (lectotype, chosen by Hawkes [1957]: HAL, [photos: K!, PTIS!). Plants 0.3–2 m tall; finely to coarsely pubescent above and below, blades 13–25 cm long, 7–15 cm wide, petioles 0.5–5 cm long; lateral leaflets (3)4–6(8) pairs, sessile to subsessile with petiolules to 3 mm long; interjected leaflets 0–8; inflorescence with 8–25 flowers; calyx lobes 3–7 mm long, acute to long-attenuate; corolla 2–3 cm in diam, purple; fruits 2–3.5 cm long. <i>Distribution and Habitat (Fig. 2).</i> Southeastern Mexico (Hidalgo, Oaxaca, Puebla, Veracruz); from 1870–2870 m; in wet habitats, in organic soils, in full sun to partial shade, growing among shrubs and in pine-oak-alder forests, frequently in pockets of volcanic rocks, often growing among ferns and mosses. <i>Additional Specimens Examined.</i> MEXICO. <b>Hidalgo</b>: mountains NE of Ixtlán de Juárez on road to Tuxtepec, 20-Jul 1968, <i>Anderson &amp; Anderson 4850</i> (ENCB); Municipality of Tenango de Doria, 11 km W of Tenango de Doria, 2100 m, 6 Jul 1979, <i>Hernandez M. 3427</i> (MEXU); 20 km E of Metepec, Municipality of Metepec, 2130 m, 11 Aug 1980, <i>Hernandez M. and Hernandez V. 4772</i> (CAS, ENCB, MEXU); on Metepec-Tenango de Doria Rd, 16 km NE of intersection of this road with road entering Metepec, on S side of road, 20°18.94̍N, 98°15.50̍W, 2280 m, 4 Oct 1997, <i>Rivera-Peña et al. 944</i> (INIFAP, MEXU, PTIS, WAG)*. <b>Oaxaca</b>: Km 25 on the road to Teotitlán from Huautla, right side of a canyon, 8 Nov 1964, <i>Flores C. S-797</i> (K, LL); Yotao, <i>Galeotti 1225P</i> (W); in Sierra Madre Oriental, 29 km E of Teotitlán, 2300 m, 25 Sep 1957, <i>Graham 323</i> (LL); District of Mixe, Municipality of Totontepec, Totontepec, 17°15̍N, 96°02̍W, 2 Nov 1989, <i>Rivera R. 1245</i> (MEXU); Km 25 on the road from Teotitlán to Huatla, ca 20 m S of road above stream, 18°10.52̍N, 97°00.36̍W, 2240 m, 4 Oct 1997, <i>Rivera-Peña et al. 952</i> (INIFAP, MEXU, PTIS, WAG)*; Km 27.2 on road from Teotitlán to Huatla, at Puerto Soledad, 18°09.95̍N, 96°59.87̍W, 2370 m, 4 Oct 1997, <i>Rivera-Peña et al. 953</i> (INIFAP, MEXU)*; District Mixe, Municipality of Totontepec, Totontepec, 17°15̍N, 96°00̍W, 1900 m, 6 Oct 1986, <i>Reyes 484</i> (K, MEXU); 21.8 km N of Ixtlán de Juárez on Hwy 175 to Tuxtepec, 17°28̍N, 96°30̍W, 2870 m, 17 Oct 1984, <i>Tarn et al. 272</i> (PTIS)*; same locality, 22 Sep 1988, <i>Spooner et al. 4200</i> (INIFAP, IBUG, PTIS); 27 km N of N end of Ixtlán de Juárez on Rt 175 to Tuxtepec, 17°31̍N, 96°31̍W, 2850 m, 22 Sep 1988, <i>Spooner et al. 4202</i> (INIFAP, PTIS); 8.5 m E. of Rt 135 on road to Huautla, 18 Oct 1981, <i>Warnock 2506</i> (TEX). <b>Puebla</b>: from Tehuacan to Puebla Rd., turn NE on road to Zoquitlán, 22 km up road, by divergence of road to Coyomeapa, 18°17.84̍N, 97°03.96̍W, 2640 m, 4 Oct 1997, <i>Rivera-Peña et al. 951</i> (INIFAP, MEXU, PTIS, WAG)*; road from Tehuacan to Oaxaca, turning off at Coxcatlán, 21 km towards Zoquitlan, La Griega, where road divides to Zoquitlan and Coyomeapa, 20°40̍N, 100°14̍W, 2660 m, 24 Oct 1987, <i>Tarn et al. 180</i> (PTIS)*; road from Tehuacán to Oaxaca turning off at Coxcatlán towards Zoquitlan, 22 km along this road, 1 km past La Griega towards Coyomeapa, 20°40̍N, 100°14W, 2640 m, 24 Oct 1983, <i>Tarn et al. 182</i> (K, PTIS)*. <b>Veracruz</b>: Perote, La Joya, 1950 m, 23 Sep 1938, <i>Balls and Gourlay 5513</i> (BM, K); La Joya, Jalapa to Perote Rd, Rafael Ramírez, 2100 m, 29 Aug 1972, <i>Dorantes et al. 1618</i> (CAS, ENCB, F, MEXU, TAES, TEX); La Joya Mexico to Veracruz to Jalapa Rd, 100 m on right side of rd, 30 Sep 1964, <i>Flores C. S-792</i> (K, LL, MEXU); pedregal de La Joya, 18°14̍N, 96°07̍W, 2000 m, 27 Aug 1953, <i>Graham 1</i> (PTIS)*; upper outskirts of La Joya, 2080 m, 12 Aug 1949, <i>Hawkes and Hernández 1064</i> (B, K, LL, MEXU, MPU, P, WAG); near Perote, km 306.5 from Mexico, road from Las Vigas to Jalapa, upper edge of La Joya village, Milpais de la Joya, walled enclosure on the S side of the road, 19°34̍N, 97°14̍W, 2100 m, 8 Oct 1958, <i>Hawkes et al. 1634</i> (PTIS); near Perote on the road from Las Vigas to Jalapa, upper edge of La Joya village, Milpais de La Joya, 2100 m, 8 Oct 1958, <i>Hawkes et al. 1643</i> (K)*; near Perote, road from Las Vigas to Jalapa, upper edge of the La Joya village, Malpais de La Joya, 19°34̍N, 97°14̍W, 2100 m, 8 Oct 1958, <i>Hawkes et al. 1645</i> (C, K, MPU, PTIS, US)*; Km 305.5 from Mexico on the road from Las Vigas to Jalapa, Malpais de La Joya, 19°40̍N, 98°35̍W, 2150 m, 8 Oct 1958, <i>Hawkes et al. 1649</i> (C, K, P, PTIS)*; Municipality of Acajete, along road, Rt 140, 1 km NW of La Joya, 19°37̍N, 97°02̍W, 2175 m, 7 Sep 1986, <i>Nee 32990</i> (NY); old lava field about 4 mi W of Jalapa, 5000 ft, 28 Aug 1970, <i>Norris &amp; Taranto 16840</i> (CAS, MEXU); La Joya, route from Jalapa to Puebla, near Perote, 2050 m, 10 Oct 1980, <i>Ochoa 14213</i> (PTIS, US)*; La Joya, along Perote to Jalapa road, ca 100 m S of road by the restaurants by the road, 19°36̍.74̍N, 97°, 2188 m, 2 Oct 1997, <i>Rivera-Peña et al. 949</i> (INIFAP, MEXU, PTIS, WAG)*; Malpais de La Joya between Perote and Jalapa, about 32 km from Perote, Km 176 on Rt 140, 19°37̍N, 97°02̍W, 2200 m, 1 Nov 1984, <i>Tarn et al. 286</i> (PTIS)*; Malpais de La Joya between Perote and Jalapa, about 32 km from Perote, Km 176 on Rt 140, 19°37̍N, 97°02̍W, 2200 m, 1 Nov 1984, <i>Tarn et al. 287</i> (PTIS)*; turning off Rt 140 between Perote and Las Vigas, go S from Sierra de Agua (N slope of Cerro Cofre de Perote); 14 km above Pescados, Rajas, 19°33̍N, 97°10̍W, 2840 m, 2 Nov 1984, <i>Tarn et al. 288</i> (PTIS)*; Llano Grande, Municipality of Las Vigas, 2115 m, 15 Jul 1971, <i>Ventura A. 3868</i> (ENCB, IEB, MEXU); La Joya, Municipality of Acajete, 2050 m, 12 Jul 1980, <i>Ventura A. 17479</i> (ENCB, IEB, MEXU); Piedra Blanca, Municipality of Las Vigas, 2250 m, 13 Jul 1982, <i>Ventura A. 19639</i> (ENCB, IEB, MEXU); Along Xalapa to Vigas Rd, 200 m E of the road, at the altitude of Toxtlacoaya, Municipality of Las Vigas, 19°37̍N, 97°03̍W, 2200 m, 30 Aug 1989, <i>Zamora C. 1009</i> (IEB, MEXU). <b>Locality unknown</b>: <i>Liebmann 1394,</i> 1841–1843 (C [photo K]). Spooner et al. (2000) noted overlap in numbers of lateral and interjected leaflets in the field in Mexico between <i>S. agrimonifolium</i> and <i>S. oxycarpum</i>, which led them to question the distinctness of these two species. A collection from Hidalgo (<i>Rivera-Peña et al. 944</i>) from within the geographic range of <i>S. oxycarpum</i> was especially problematical because of its many lateral and interjected leaflets, this resembling some populations of <i>S. agrimonifolium</i>. Our data from three herbarium specimens of this collection (Table 2) show numbers of lateral and interjected leaflets of (8,4; 7,6; 8,7), with the latter counts (specimen at WAG) having the highest numbers of leaflets for <i>S. oxycarpum</i>. However, other specimens from outside the range of <i>S. agrimonifolium</i> are nearly as dissected (e.g., <i>Rivera 1245</i> [MEXU], from Oaxaca with 6,8). Collection <i>Rivera-Peña et al. 944</i> is on the high end of variation for dissection for <i>S. oxycarpum</i> (Fig. 3). The RAPD data show it to cluster with other accessions of this species, leading us to recognize it as <i>S. oxycarpum</i>.
description: Published as part of <i>Spooner, David M., Van Den Berg, Ronald G., Peña, Antonio Rivera-, Velguth, Peter, Rio, Alfonso Del &amp; López, Alberto Salas-, 2001, Taxonomy of Mexican and Central American Members of Solanum Series Conicibaccata (sect. Petota), pp. 743-756 in Systematic Botany 26 (4)</i> on pages 753-754, DOI: 10.1043/0363-6445-26.4.743, http://zenodo.org/record/6341256
description: {"references": ["HAWKES, J. G. 1957. On the lectotype of Solanum stoloniferum Schlechtendal et Bouche', S. oxycarpum Schiede and S. verrucosum Schlechtendal. Wissenschaftliche Zeitschrift der Martin-Luther-Universitat Halle-Wittenberg 6 (5): 849 - 854.", "---, A. RIVERA- PENA, R. G. VAN DEN BERG, and K. SCHULER. 2000. Potato germplasm collecting expedition to Mexico in 1997: taxonomy and new germplasm resources. American Journal of Potato Research 77: 261 - 270."]}