cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
A method for assessing the viability of distributed localised manufacturing within the food sector
Creators: name: Gimenez-Escalante, Pedro
Publisher: name: Loughborough University
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 91399 Mechanical Engineering not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mechanical engineering

description: This thesis reports on the research undertaken to increase the sustainability of food production through the transition towards a ‘Distributed Localised Manufacturing’ (DLM) strategy. The DLM strategy aims to facilitate holistic improvements of future food supply chains. The principle objective of this research is to generate an assessment method which collects relevant food manufacturing systems data and expert knowledge to evaluate the suitability of DLM to manufacture the wide range of food product families. The research contributions are divided into three major parts. The first part reviews relevant literature regarding the organisation of the food manufacturing sector and its current behaviour, examines alternative manufacturing strategies and assesses the need for this research. The second part of this research defines the concept of DLM in the context of food manufacturing, and identifies four system models; namely Manufacturer DLM, Retailer DLM, Service Provider DLM and Consumer DLM; which can be used to implement the DLM strategy. Furthermore, it investigates a method used to assess the suitability of this approach for specific product families using nine distinctive metrics, and a decision-support model utilised to identify the most appropriate DLM system model for a specific application. The final part demonstrates the application of the developed assessment method through the generation of case studies. [Continues.]
THE INTERCONNECTION OF SOCIAL ISOLATION AND SUICIDE IN WORLD LITERATURE
Creators: name: Shukurova, Sabokhat
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: This article examines the theme of isolation from society as a precursor to suicide in world literature. By exploring the works of various authors across different cultures and time periods, the study highlights how societal detachment, alienation, and existential despair contribute to the tragic decision to end one’s life. Through a comparative analysis of key texts, this article aims to reveal the universal nature of this theme and its implications for understanding human psychology and societal dynamics.
Bone Density Screening and Re-screening in Postmenopausal Women and Older Men
Creators: name: Ensrud, Kristine E.
name: Gourlay, Margaret L.
name: Overman, Robert A.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: Clinical practice guidelines universally recommend bone mineral density (BMD) screening to identify osteoporosis in women aged 65 years and older. Risk assessment is recommended to guide BMD screening in postmenopausal women under age 65. Insufficient data are available to inform standard ages to start and stop BMD screening in postmenopausal women. Based on longitudinal studies of incident osteoporosis and fracture in postmenopausal women, an initial BMD test should be ordered for all women aged 65, and the frequency of re-screening should be based on age and BMD T score (more frequent testing for older age and lower T score). Although clinical practice guidelines recommend BMD screening according to risk factors for fracture in postmenopausal women under age 65, no standard approach to risk assessment exists. Minimal evidence is available to guide osteoporosis screening in men, but some experts recommend initiation of BMD screening in men at age 70.
ОСОБЕННОСТИ УЧАСТИЯ ГРАЖДАН В ОТПРАВЛЕНИИ ПРАВОСУДИЯ ПО ЗАКОНОДАТЕЛЬСТВУ РЕСПУБЛИКИ ТАДЖИКИСТАН
Creators: name: Бобомурод А.В.
Publisher: name: Образование и право
Year: 2022
Subjects: Правосудие
право граждан на отправление правосудия
народ
граждане
демократия
правовое государство.

description: В статье проанализирована специфика участия граждан в отправлении правосудия по законодательству Республики Таджикистан. Определена правовая природа участия граждан в отправлении правосудия. Отмечено, что основополагающим показателем проявления демократии выступает критерий участия народа в осуществлении публичной власти. Обосновано, что одной из форм участия общественности в осуществлении правосудия является задействование граждан в судопроизводстве в качестве народных заседателей. Право граждан на отправление правосудия является специфическим конституционным правом и имеет четкое прописывание в нормативных правовых актах. Подчеркнуто, что оно может ограничиваться с учетом особенностей национального права.
ОСОБЕННОСТИ ФУНКЦИОНАЛЬНОЙ ГРАМОТНОСТИ УЧИТЕЛЯ СЕЛЬСКОЙ МАЛОКОМПЛЕКТНОЙ ШКОЛЫ
Creators: name: Хайбулаев М.Х.
Publisher: name: Образование и право
Year: 2022
Subjects: функциональная грамотность
функциональная грамотность учащихся
функциональная грамотность учителя
малокомплектная школа
развитие функциональной грамотности учителя
составляющие функциональной грамотности.

description: В статье на основе психолого-педагогического анализа литературы обосновываются особенности функциональной грамотности учителя сельской малокомплектной школы. Приводятся компоненты функциональной грамотности личности: знание правил, принципов умение понимать и интерпретировать чужой текст, готовность к социальной адаптации. Характеризуются составляющие функциональной грамотности учителя: аналитическая грамотность, диагностическая, конструктивная, проективная, технологическая или организационная, информационная, контрольно-оценочная, коммуникативная, моделирующая.
ОСОБЕННОСТИ УЧАСТИЯ СПЕЦИАЛИСТА В УГОЛОВНОМ СУДОПРОИЗВОДСТВЕ
Creators: name: Теппеев А.А.
name: Канкулов А.Х.
Publisher: name: Образование и право
Year: 2022
Subjects: государственная служба
отбор
ОВД
рекрутинг
скрининг
нетрадиционные технологии отбора
стрессоустойчивость.

description: В статье авторы анализируют особенности отбора персонала в государственные органы. Освещены некоторые традиционные и нетрадиционные технологии отбора. Авторы, указывают на необходимость применения при отборе на государственную службу, и в особенности сотрудников ОВД, с применением нетрадиционных технологий, которые позволяют «отсеять» неподходящих кандидатов, а также привлечь тех, что отличается способностью к нестандартным решениям задач, стрессоустойчивостью, скоростью реакций и пр.
Zeldovich pancakes in observational data are cold
Creators: name: Brinckmann, T.
name: Lindholmer, M.
name: Hansen, S. H.
name: Falco, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The present day universe consists of galaxies, galaxy clusters, one-dimensional filaments and two-dimensional sheets or pancakes, all of which combine to form the cosmic web. The so called "Zeldovich pancakes", are very difficult to observe, because their overdensity is only slightly greater than the average density of the universe. Falco et al (2014) presented a method to identify Zeldovich pancakes in observational data, and these were used as a tool for estimating the mass of galaxy clusters. Here we expand and refine that observational detection method. We study two pancakes on scales of 10 Mpc, identified from spectroscopically observed galaxies near the Coma cluster, and compare with twenty numerical pancakes. We find that the observed structures have velocity dispersion about 100 km/sec, which is relatively low compared to typical groups and filaments. These velocity dispersions are consistent with those found for the numerical pancakes. We also confirm that the identified structures are in fact two-dimensional structures. Finally, we estimate the stellar to total mass of the observational pancakes to be $2 \times 10^{-4}$, within one order of magnitude, which is smaller than that of clusters of galaxies.
description: 19 pages, 11 figures. Published in JCAP. V2: Major revision, updated to match published version. V3: Fixed refs
title: Geomagnetic field archaeointensities from Britain and the application of the microwave palaeointensity method to materials of differing dielectric properties
Creators: name: Suttie, Neil
Publisher: name: University of Liverpool Repository
Year: 2011

description: The strength of the geomagnetic field is a subject of both scientific and public interest, with the decay over the past 160 years leading to speculation as to whether we are entering a geomagnetic reversal. Prior to 1840, there was no capability for direct measurements of geomagnetic field strength; to investigate the field strength at this time, palaeomagnetic and archaeomagnetic determinations must be made. Here we investigate the strength of the field in Britain over the past 1500 years as recorded by archaeological artefacts including ceramics, brick and burnt sandstone. Results are derived using both microwave and thermal demagnetisation. The theory of microwave demagnetisation is fully explained and equations governing the absorption of energy by an archaeomagnetic sample in a microwave cavity are derived. As a result, the possibility of demagnetising a palaeomagnetic sample using microwaves without significant heating is demonstrated for the first time. Geomagnetic field archaeointensities from seven British sites are reported. A meta-analysis of global archaeointensity and palaeointensity data from 1590 to 1990 reveals that significant bias has been introduced to field models through inconsistent error estimation. It is shown that the principle source of uncertainty in archaeointensity should be considered as systematic, rather than experimental and that data of arbitrarily high precision can only marginally increase our knowledge of the field. Correspondingly, it is argued that while large data sets are informative enough to constrain the evolution of the geomagnetic field, archaeointensity can only have a limited application as an archaeomagnetic dating tool. It is demonstrated that when the uncertainties are properly quantified, the global data implies that the recent decay of the dipole, evident in magnetic observatory data from 1840 until the present day, is part of a longer term trend, starting as early as 1600.
Synovial Joints: from Development to Homeostasis
Creators: name: Willcockson, Helen H.
name: Li, Tieshi
name: Temple, Joseph D.
name: Ye, Ping
name: Longobardi, Lara
name: Esposito, Alessandra
name: Spagnoli, Anna
name: Xu, Fuhua
name: Tagliafierro, Lidia
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: Synovial joint morphogenesis occurs through the condensation of mesenchymal cells into a non-cartilaginous region known as interzone, and the specification of progenitor cells that commit to the articular fate. Although several signaling molecules are expressed by the interzone, the mechanism is poorly understood. For treatments of cartilage injuries, it is critical to discover the presence of joint progenitor cells in adult tissues and their expression gene pattern. Potential stem cells niches have been found in different joint regions, such as the surface zone of articular cartilage, synovium and groove of Ranvier. Inherited joint malformation as well as joint degenerating conditions are often associated with other skeletal defects, and may be seen as the failure of morphogenic factors to establish the correct microenvironment in cartilage and bone. Therefore, exploring how joints form can help us understand how cartilage and bone are damaged and to develop drugs to reactivate this developing mechanism.
ОСОБЕНОСТИ ЮРИДИЧЕСКОЙ ТЕХНИКИ В МЕЖДУНАРОДНЫХ И НАЦИОНАЛЬНЫХ ПРАВОВЫХ АКТАХ В ОБЛАСТИ БОРЬБЫ С ДОПИНГОМ
Creators: name: Орлов А.А.
name: Захарова Л.И.
Publisher: name: Образование и право
Year: 2022
Subjects: юридическая техника
терминология
спортсмен
атлет
Конвенция против применения допинга
Международная конвенция о борьбе с допингом в спорте
Всемирный антидопинговый кодекс.

description: В статье с точки зрения юридической техники анализируются отдельные аспекты реализации в Российской Федерации наиболее значимых международных документов в области борьбы с допингом: Конвенции против применения допинга 1989 года, Международной конвенции о борьбе с допингом в спорте 2005 года, Всемирного антидопингового кодекса в редакции 2021 года. Основой для анализа выступает Оценочный доклад Мониторинговой группы по вопросу соблюдения Российской Федерацией международных обязательств согласно Конвенции против применения допинга 1989 года. В статье уделяется внимание содержанию рекомендаций Мониторинговой группы, относящихся к исполнению Российской Федерацией обязательств, которые вытекают из ст. 2 Конвенции против применения допинга 1989 года и указывают на необходимость уточнения терминов в российском законодательстве. Авторы критически подходят к рекомендациям Мониторинговой группы, оценивая их значение для правового регулирования в области борьбы с допингом в Российской Федерации. В дополнение к этому авторы отмечают особенности терминологии международных и национальных правовых актов в сфере антидопинговой деятельности и определяют возможные направления для совершенствования национального законодательства. Исследование выполнено в рамках программы стратегического академического лидерства «Приоритет – 2030».
title: ‘He loves the mind, in all its modes’: the unity of George Crabbe’s life work
Creators: name: Bainbridge, James
Publisher: name: University of Liverpool Repository
Year: 2011

description: The poetry of George Crabbe has for a long time not received the attention it deserves. Part of the reason for this is that it does not easily fit the preconceived trends in eighteenth and early nineteenth century verse. This thesis looks at Crabbe from a new direction, exploring his writing on its own terms. Using previously unexplored writing, the thesis builds a fuller picture of the poet’s interests in the world and examines how these informed the creation of his major achievement, the verse tale. The preface opens arguments for re-evaluating the critical reception. It considers the apparent twenty-two year gap in Crabbe’s writing career and argues that the activities of this period must be considered to fully understand the verse tales he produced in the latter period of his life. Chapter one examines the origins for the tale. Looking at Crabbe’s interest in redressing what he considered ‘failings’ in poetry it draws together examples of the poet’s original innovation. Using a hitherto unexamined poetic fragment in the John Murray Archive, a view is put forward that Crabbe had already begun writing tales during the twenty-two year gap, countering the opinion that the form was arrived at from experimentation in ‘The Parish Register’. Chapter two considers the largely overlooked impact that Crabbe’s faith had on his poetry. Examining a wide range of the poet’s unpublished religious manuscripts, it redresses the view that he entered the church simply to support himself writing poetry. It counters the opinion that these are simple ‘moral tales’, demonstrating a more complex view that Crabbe’s firm soteriological views did not allow such judgements to be made. Chapter three explores the poet’s naturalist endeavours and examines how his pursuits in scientific classification shaped the arrangement of his writing. It puts forward new evidence for the range of taxonomic systems the poet was using, and argues that the attention to specification had a significant impact on the poet’s realistic portrayals of the world. Chapter four draws together the arguments of these chapters in considering the poet’s representation of altered psychological states. It builds a detailed picture of key examples of realist narratives in Crabbe’s tales. In the conclusion, the impact of Crabbe’s writing is addressed. Looking at how his poetry influenced a wide range of writers in the nineteenth century and beyond, it argues that the poet’s refusal to simplify the complexities of the world set the foundations for Victorian realism.
Multilinear tensor regression for longitudinal relational data
Creators: name: Hoff, Peter D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: A fundamental aspect of relational data, such as from a social network, is the possibility of dependence among the relations. In particular, the relations between members of one pair of nodes may have an effect on the relations between members of another pair. This article develops a type of regression model to estimate such effects in the context of longitudinal and multivariate relational data, or other data that can be represented in the form of a tensor. The model is based on a general multilinear tensor regression model, a special case of which is a tensor autoregression model in which the tensor of relations at one time point are parsimoniously regressed on relations from previous time points. This is done via a separable, or Kronecker-structured, regression parameter along with a separable covariance model. In the context of an analysis of longitudinal multivariate relational data, it is shown how the multilinear tensor regression model can represent patterns that often appear in relational and network data, such as reciprocity and transitivity.
description: Published at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/15-AOAS839 in the Annals of Applied Statistics (http://www.imstat.org/aoas/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
title: Avian metapneumovirus studies using reverse genetics
Creators: name: Falchieri, Marco
Publisher: name: University of Liverpool Repository
Year: 2013

description: Avian metapneumovirus (AMPV) is an enveloped negative sense single stranded RNA virus which is a major endemic respiratory pathogen of global domestic poultry. Since reverse genetic (RG) techniques have been applied to this pathogen several reports have investigated the effects of single and multiple genomic mutations and gene deletions or insertions on viral biology. The aim of this study was to gain a better understanding of the viral capacity to accept and in some cases express homologous and heterologous extra sequences. Initially an AMPV subtype A was modified to introduce a homologous 200 bp sequence within the G gene and this recombinant was suggested to be used as a positive control for validating all stages of a previously established RT-nested PCR. Different Green Fluorescent Protein (GFP) AMPV recombinants were then prepared each one containing the reporter gene in a different intergenic position and then were assessed for expression, stability and viability. In particular, quantification of the expression was calculated using a quantitative ELISA. All recombinants showed high stability, while good viability was observed in all the positions, except when GFP was inserted between nucleocapsid (N) and phosphoprotein (P). The highest expression was detected in the virus with the insertion between N and P as expected, according to the transcriptional model for non-segmented negative stranded viruses. However GFP was produced at high levels even when inserted at the trailer end intergenic positions. Poor expression was seen for all the other positions. The vectoring abilities of subtype A strains were further investigated to accept and express foreign genes, specifically GFP gene and both spike (S1) and nucleocapsid (N) genes of infectious bronchitis virus (IBV). After viruses had been recovered by RG, all recombinants were proven to express the inserted genes efficiently and were all found to be highly stable during passage in vitro. Subsequently IBV recombinants were tested as candidate vaccines by eye-drop inoculation of one-day-old chickens. When chicks were challenged with IBV, partial protection results were observed, as assessed by greater motility of tracheal cilia from animals receiving the recombinants. Finally the development of a new RG system was attempted in order to extend this type of studies to the B subtype. This subtype is distributed worldwide and growing field evidence suggests it to be more able to infect commercial chickens compared to subtype A. For this reason it would be convenient to have an RG available also for B viruses. The construction of a DNA copy of the viral genome was attempted using site-directed mutagenesis and ligation techniques, resulting in more than 85% of the genome cloned. Unfortunately full genome cloning proved to be not possible, as severe problems were encountered, including construct instability and cloning bacteria intolerance to viral sequences.
ПЕДАГОГИЧЕСКИЕ ПУТИ И УСЛОВИЯ ДИДАКТИЧЕСКОГО ПРОЕКТИРОВАНИЯ ИНФОРМАЦИОННО-ОБРАЗОВАТЕЛЬНОЙ СРЕДЫ ВЫСШЕГО УЧЕБНОГО ЗАВЕДЕНИЯ
Creators: name: Баширова С.А.
name: Алиева З.С.
Publisher: name: Образование и право
Year: 2022
Subjects: информатизации
информационные технологии
проектирование
компетентность
контент-анализ
информационные ресурсы.

description: Статья посвящена актуальным проблемам модернизации образования. Авторами раскрыты педагогические пути и условия дидактического проектирования информационно-образовательной среды высшего учебного заведения.
Treatment of Cluster Headache in Pregnancy and Lactation
Creators: name: Calhoun, Anne H.
name: Peterlin, B. Lee
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: Cluster headache (CH) is a neurovascular headache syndrome characterized by headache attacks that occur with a circadian and circannual periodicity. The calculated prevalence of CH in reproductive-aged women is 7.5 of 100,000 women. Although data suggest that CH during pregnancy is a relatively rare condition, when it does occur, attacks remain unchanged in character and severity in the majority of patients. Thus, treatment of CH in pregnant and lactating women may remain a significant therapeutic challenge. This manuscript briefly reviews the epidemiology of CH in women, and then focuses on treatment options for both acute and preventative management of CH in pregnant and lactating women.
title: The identification of Rab GTPase Control Systems involved in cell migration
Creators: name: Linford, Andrea
Publisher: name: University of Liverpool Repository
Year: 2013

description: Rab GTPases are known to define the vesicle trafficking pathways that underpin cell polarisation and migration. In this study it was demonstrated that Rab4, Rab11, Rab14 and the candidate Rab GDP-GTP exchange factor (GEF) FAM116A are all required for cell migration. This work also demonstrates that Rab14 and its GEF FAM116A localise to and act on an intermediate compartment within the transferrin recycling pathway acting upstream of Rab11 and downstream of Rab5. Further analysis revealed that a Rab14-dependent intermediate recycling compartment that is discrete from early and recycling endosomes, has an important function for cargo sorting in migrating cells. Cells depleted of Rab14 show increased levels of N-cadherin at junctional complexes and these cell-cell adhesions are unable to be resolved preventing cell migration. This results from decreased shedding of Ncadherin at the cell surface that is usually cleaved by A Disintegrin and Metalloprotease (ADAM) family protease ADAM10. In FAM116A- and Rab14-depleted cells, ADAM10 is trapped and therefore accumulates in a transferrin-positive endocytic compartment, and the cell-surface level of ADAM10 is correspondingly reduced. Rab14 and its GEF FAM116A define an endocytic-recycling pathway that is essential for the trafficking of ADAM10 and therefore in turn regulate cell-cell junctions and cell migration.
Properties of Molecular Gas in Galaxies in Early and Mid Stage of Interaction: II. Molecular Gas Fraction
Creators: name: Kaneko, Hiroyuki
name: Kuno, Nario
name: Iono, Daisuke
name: Tamura, Yoichi
name: Tosaki, Tomoka
name: Nakanishi, Koichiro
name: Sawada, Tsuyoshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have investigated properties of the interstellar medium in interacting galaxies in early and mid-stage using mapping data of 12CO(1-0) and HI.Assuming the standard CO-H2 conversion factor, we found no difference in molecular gas mass, atomic gas mass, and total gas mass (a sum of atomic and molecular gas mass) between interacting galaxies and isolated galaxies. However, interacting galaxies have a higher global molecular gas fraction, global fmol (a ratio of molecular gas mass to total gas mass averaged over a whole galaxy), than isolated galaxies. The distribution of local molecular gas fraction, local fmol (a ratio of the surface density of molecular gas to that of total gas), is different from the distribution in typical isolated galaxies. By a pixel-to-pixel comparison, isolated spiral galaxies show a gradual increase in local fmol along the surface density of total gas until it is saturated at 1.0, while interacting galaxies show no clear relation. We performed pixel-to-pixel theoretical model fittings varying metallicity and external pressure. According to the model fitting, external pressure can explain the trend of local fmol in the interacting galaxies. Assuming a half of the standard CO-H2 conversion factor for interacting galaxies, the results of pixel-to-pixel theoretical model fitting get worse than adopting the standard conversion factor, although global fmol of interacting galaxies becomes the same as in isolated galaxies. We conclude that external pressure occurs due to the shock prevailing over a whole galaxy or due to collisions between giant molecular clouds. The external pressure accelerates an efficient transition from atomic gas to molecular gas. Regarding chemical time-scale, high local fmol can be achieved at the very early stage of interaction even if shock induced by the collision of galaxies ionises interstellar gas.
description: 36 pages, 16 figures, accepted to PASJ
Phase-Change Contrast Agents for Imaging and Therapy
Creators: name: S. Sheeran, Paul
name: A.Dayton, Paul
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: Phase-change contrast agents (PCCAs) for ultrasound-based applications have resulted in novel ways of approaching diagnostic and therapeutic techniques beyond what is possible with microbubble contrast agents and liquid emulsions. When subjected to sufficient pressures delivered by an ultrasound transducer, stabilized droplets undergo a phase-transition to the gaseous state and a volumetric expansion occurs. This phenomenon, termed acoustic droplet vaporization, has been proposed as a means to address a number of in vivo applications at the microscale and nanoscale. In this review, the history of PCCAs, physical mechanisms involved, and proposed applications are discussed with a summary of studies demonstrated in vivo. Factors that influence the design of PCCAs are discussed, as well as the need for future studies to characterize potential bioeffects for administration in humans and optimization of ultrasound parameters.
Improved guaranteed computable bounds on homogenized properties of periodic media by Fourier-Galerkin method with exact integration
Creators: name: Vondřejc, Jaroslav
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Moulinec and Suquet introduced FFT-based homogenization in 1994, and twenty years later, their approach is still effective for evaluating the homogenized properties arising from the periodic cell problem. This paper builds on the author's (2013) variational reformulation approximated by trigonometric polynomials establishing two numerical schemes: Galerkin approximation (Ga) and a version with numerical integration (GaNi). The latter approach, fully equivalent to the original Moulinec-Suquet algorithm, was used to evaluate guaranteed upper-lower bounds on homogenized coefficients incorporating a closed-form double grid quadrature. Here, these concepts, based on the primal and the dual formulations, are employed for the Ga scheme. For the same computational effort, the Ga outperforms the GaNi with more accurate guaranteed bounds and more predictable numerical behaviors. Quadrature technique leading to block-sparse linear systems is extended here to materials defined via high-resolution images in a way which allows for effective treatment using the FFT. Memory demands are reduced by a reformulation of the double to the original grid scheme using FFT shifts. Minimization of the bounds during iterations of conjugate gradients is effective, particularly when incorporating a solution from a coarser grid. The methodology presented here for the scalar linear elliptic problem could be extended to more complex frameworks.
description: 32 pages, 9 figures
The Smart Targeting of Nanoparticles
Creators: name: Claypool, Sarah
name: Liu, Rihe
name: Friedman, Adam
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: One major challenge in nanomedicine is how to selectively deliver nanoparticles to diseased tissues. Nanoparticle delivery system requires targeting for specific delivery to pathogenic sites when enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) is not suitable or inefficient. Functionalizing nanoparticles is a widely-used technique that allows for conjugation with targeting ligands, which possess inherent ability to direct selective binding to cell types or states and, therefore, confer “smartness” to nanoparticles. This review illustrates methods of ligand-nanoparticle functionalization, provides a cross-section of various ligand classes, including small molecules, peptides, antibodies, engineered proteins, or nucleic acid aptamers, and discusses some unconventional approaches currently under investigation.
Frameworks for Understanding Long-Range Intra-Protein Communication
Creators: name: Whitley, Matthew
name: Lee, Andrew
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: The phenomenon of intra-protein communication is fundamental to such processes as allostery and signaling, yet comparatively little is understood about its physical origins despite notable progress in recent years. This review introduces contemporary but distinct frameworks for understanding intra-protein communication by presenting both the ideas behind them and a discussion of their successes and shortcomings. The first framework holds that intra-protein communication is accomplished by the sequential mechanical linkage of residues spanning a gap between distal sites. According to the second framework, proteins are best viewed as ensembles of distinct structural microstates, the dynamical and thermodynamic properties of which contribute to the experimentally observable macroscale properties. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy is a powerful method for studying intra-protein communication, and the insights into both frameworks it provides are presented through a discussion of numerous examples from the literature. Distinct from mechanical and thermodynamic considerations of intra-protein communication are recently applied graph and network theoretic analyses. These computational methods reduce complex three dimensional protein architectures to simple maps comprised of nodes (residues) connected by edges (inter-residue “interactions”). Analysis of these graphs yields a characterization of the protein’s topology and network characteristics. These methods have shown proteins to be “small world” networks with moderately high local residue connectivities existing concurrently with a small but significant number of long range connectivities. However, experimental studies of the tantalizing idea that these putative long range interaction pathways facilitate one or several macroscopic protein characteristics are unfortunately lacking at present. This review concludes by comparing and contrasting the presented frameworks and methodologies for studying intra-protein communication and suggests a manner in which they can be brought to bear simultaneously to further enhance our understanding of this important fundamental phenomenon.
ПЕРЕЖИВАНИЕ ИСТОРИИ КАК ФАКТОР ФОРМИРОВАНИЯ АФРИКАНСКОЙ ИДЕНТИЧНОСТИ: ПРАВОВОЕ ИЗМЕРЕНИЕ
Creators: name: Дорская А.А.
Publisher: name: Образование и право
Year: 2022
Subjects: переживание истории
африканская идентичность
африканское единство
Африканский Союз
Африканская система защиты прав человека и народов.

description: В статье процесс переживания истории, характерный на современном этапе для всех континентов, рассматривается как фактор формирования африканской идентичности. Выделены исторические периоды и факты, оказывающие наибольшее влияние на современную африканскую самоидентификацию. Рассмотрено значение принципа самоопределения народов в процессе их самоидентификации. Показаны проблемы, связанные с потерей африканской идентичности и приобретения множественной идентичности в связи с массовыми миграционными процессами, в том числе, среди беженцев.
Abundance- and Activity-Based Proteomics in Platelet Biology
Creators: name: Chen, Xian
name: P. Holly, Stephen
name: V. Parise, Leslie
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: Human platelets are thought to express approximately 2000–3000 proteins, but post-translational modifications, alternatively spliced variants and a rich diversity of vertebrate domain architectures likely make this a conservative estimate. Even though rapidly advancing proteomic techniques have facilitated the identification of roughly one third of the platelet proteome, a combination of abundance-based and activity-based proteomics methodologies is needed for elucidation of platelet functional characteristics including the definition of a “core proteome” and recognition of diverse enzyme activity profiles associated with various physiological states. In this review, we describe the latest mass spectrometry-based techniques capable of providing some of these physiological details required for more comprehensive evaluation of the human platelet repertoire.
The Depression Treatment Cascade in Primary Care: A Public Health Perspective
Creators: name: Gaynes, Bradley N.
name: Pence, Brian W.
name: O’Donnell, Julie K.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: Major depressive disorder (MDD) is common and costly. Primary care remains a major access point for depression treatment, yet the successful clinical resolution of depression in primary care is uncommon. The clinical response to depression suffers from a “treatment cascade”: the affected individual must access health care, be recognized clinically, initiate treatment, receive adequate treatment, and respond to treatment. Major gaps currently exist in primary care at each step along this treatment continuum. We estimate that 12.5% of primary care patients have had MDD in the past year; of those with MDD, 47% are recognized clinically, 24% receive any treatment, 9% receive adequate treatment, and 6% achieve remission. Simulations suggest that only by targeting multiple steps along the depression treatment continuum (e.g. routine screening combined with collaborative care models to support initiation and maintenance of evidence-based depression treatment) can overall remission rates for primary care patients be substantially improved.
A tropical approach to a generalized Hodge conjecture for positive currents
Creators: name: Babaee, Farhad
name: Huh, June
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14C30, 14T05, 32U40

description: Demailly showed that the Hodge conjecture is equivalent to the statement that any (p,p)-dimensional closed current with rational cohomology class can be approximated by linear combinations of integration currents associated to subvarieties, and asked whether any strongly positive (p,p)-dimensional closed current with rational cohomology class can be approximated by positive linear combinations of integration currents associated to subvarieties. Using tropical geometry, we construct a (p,p)-dimensional current on a smooth projective variety that does not satisfy the latter statement.
description: 52 pages. To appear in Duke Mathematical Journal
ПРАВОВАЯ ПРИРОДА ОБЪЕКТА УГОЛОВНО-ПРАВОВОЙ ОХРАНЫ ПРЕСТУПЛЕНИЙ ПРОТИВ ОБЩЕСТВЕННОЙ БЕЗОПАСНОСТИ В УГОЛОВНОМ ЗАКОНОДАТЕЛЬСТВЕ РОССИИ
Creators: name: Гармышев Я.В.
name: Гармышев В.В.
Publisher: name: Образование и право
Year: 2022
Subjects: общественная безопасность
объект преступления
преступление
квалификация преступлений
уголовная ответственность.

description: . В статье проведен анализ содержания термина «общественная безопасность», определены различные подходы в определении системы национальной безопасности Российской Федерации в теории права и отраслевом отечественном законодательстве при определении родового объекта преступлений, предусмотренного в разделе IX Уголовного кодекса России. Установлено, что правовое регулирование охраны общественной безопасности осуществляется различными видами нормативно-правовых актов: во-первых, реализуются установленные положения Конституции России, во-вторых, все завершается отраслевым законодательством при реализации мер юридической ответственности за конкретные составы преступлений против общественной безопасности. Определены элементы национальной безопасности России, ее виды, установлено соотношение понятия «общественная безопасность» со смежными законодательными понятиями. При исследовании выявлены законодательные и теоретические пробелы, определяющие содержания понятия общественная безопасность как объекта преступления при реализации государственной политики России в построении уголовно-правого механизма ответственности за преступления против общественной безопасности.
Embedded area-constrained Willmore tori of small area in Riemannian three-manifolds I: Minimization
Creators: name: Ikoma, Norihisa
name: Malchiodi, Andrea
name: Mondino, Andrea
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 48Q10, 53C21, 53C42, 35J60, 83C99

description: We construct embedded Willmore tori with small area constraint in Riemannian three-manifolds under some curvature condition used to prevent Möbius degeneration. The construction relies on a Lyapunov-Schmidt reduction; to this aim we establish new geometric expansions of exponentiated small symmetric Clifford tori and analyze the sharp asymptotic behavior of degenerating tori under the action of the Möbius group. In this first work we prove two existence results by minimizing or maximizing a suitable reduced functional, in particular we obtain embedded area-constrained Willmore tori (or, equivalently, toroidal critical points of the Hawking mass under area-constraint) in compact 3-manifolds with constant scalar curvature and in the double Schwarzschild space. In a forthcoming paper new existence theorems will be achieved via Morse theory.
description: 41 pages. Final version to appear in the Proceedings of the London Math. Society
ПРАВОВОЕ РЕГУЛИРОВАНИЕ ЭКОЛОГИЧЕСКОЙ БЕЗОПАСНОСТИ
Creators: name: Арутюнян Р.Э.
name: Карапетян М.Г.
Publisher: name: Образование и право
Year: 2022
Subjects: экологическая безопасность
экологическое право
нормативные акты
окружающая среда
экологизация
экологический контроль
экологическая экспертиза.

description: Статья посвящена рассмотрению правового обеспечения экологической безопасности РФ, также рассматриваются правовые, нормативные акты, механизмы регулирования защиты окружающей среды, ответственность за нарушение экологического законодательства, экологический контроль, описываются нормативы качества природной окружающей среды, а также экономический механизм охраны окружающей среды. Важнейшей характеристикой состояния экономики и качества жизни является безопасность человека и среды его обитания. Существуют различные виды безопасности, главным из которых является экологическая безопасность.
Low Back Pain and Lumbar Spine Osteoarthritis: How Are They Related?
Creators: name: Carey, Timothy S.
name: Goode, Adam P.
name: Jordan, Joanne M.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: Lumbar spine osteoarthritis (OA) is very common, with estimates of prevalence ranging from 40–85 %. The process of degeneration of the spine has commonly been classified as OA (disc space narrowing together with vertebral osteophyte formation); however, anatomically, the facet joint is the only synovial joint in the spine that has a similar pathological degenerative process to appendicular joints. Low back pain (LBP) is also a common condition, with nearly 80 % of Americans experiencing at least one episode of LBP in their lifetime. The complex relationship between spine radiographs and LBP has many clinical and research challenges. Specific conservative treatments for spine degeneration have not been established; there has, however, been recent interest in use of exercise therapy, because of some moderate benefits in treating chronic LBP. An understanding of the relationship between spine degeneration and LBP may be improved with further population-based research in the areas of genetics, biomarkers, and pain pathways.
ПРАВОВОЕ РЕГУЛИРОВАНИЕ ИНСТИТУТА ПООЩРЕНИЙ МУНИЦИПАЛЬНЫХ ОБРАЗОВАНИЙ
Creators: name: Шайхуллин М.С.
Publisher: name: Образование и право
Year: 2022
Subjects: органы местного самоуправления
поощрительная политика
стимулирование
критерии оценки эффективности
результативность
публичная власть
муниципальные образования.

description: Стимулирование деятельности органов местного самоуправления является одной из актуальных и важных проблем современной практики функционирования органов публичной власти. Институт поощрений органов и должностных лиц публичной власти, занимает одно из ведущих мест в системе реализации государственной поощрительной политики, поскольку применение позитивных санкций за эффективность, результативность деятельности органов власти на местах важно для стимулирования муниципальных образований, добившихся наилучших показателей в своей деятельности. На основе метода системного анализа исследовано современное состояние нормативного правового регулирования критериев оценки эффективности деятельности муниципальных образований. Представлены аргументы по совершенствованию правовых условий реализации поощрительной политики государства в отношении органов местного самоуправления
title: Grasping the strengths of fragile states: aid effectiveness between 'top-down' and 'bottom-up' statebuilding
Creators: name: Wennmann, Achim
Publisher: name: Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/007ygn379
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2010

description: CCDP Working Paper ; no. 6
title: Methods for the calculation of aerodynamic models for flight simulation
Creators: name: Mccracken, Andrew
Publisher: name: University of Liverpool Repository
Year: 2015

description: Flight dynamics analysis using computational models is a key stage in the design of aircraft. The models used in industry consist of two main parts. The first is a tabular aerodynamic model which is essentially a large database of aerodynamic data. The tabular aerodynamic model is a highly dimensional database containing aerodynamic loads and moments for different parameter combinations. In order to reduce the size of the tables, a number of assumptions are made. These include having sufficient resolution of the parameter space to capture the variation in the flow dynamics; decoupling certain parameters to reduce the dimensionality; using a single dynamic derivative, assuming independence from the flow conditions; and finally neglecting flow history effects which are dominant during manoeuvres with highly unsteady flow phenomena. Secondly is the use of dynamic derivatives to simulate unsteady motion effects. These are calculated using small--amplitude forced oscillatory motions. In order to accelerate their computation, frequency domain methods are used. The Linear Frequency Domain and Harmonic Balance are two such methods used in this work. As part of the frequency domain calculations, linear solvers are used to provide solution to the frequency domain problem. These solvers use preconditioners to accelerate the time to solution. An alternative method of preconditioning is proposed in this work based on the first and second order spatial discretisation Jacobian matrices. It is shown that there is significant speed up achieved by varying the proportions of the first and second order terms in the preconditioner matrix. In order to assess the performance of the tabular models, an initial assessment is carried out using a hierarchy of manoeuvres of increasing complexity. For each test case, the replay from the tabular model is compared with the fully unsteady time--accurate CFD solution. This is in line with a framework proposed in the literature. It is shown that the tabular model performs well through the linear aerodynamic regime, although breaks down where history effects become significant. The assessment continues with a study of each of the assumptions used to formulate the tables. Again a hierarchy of test cases of increasing complexity is used. Also used are both forced and free--response manoeuvres. It is shown that the resolution and coupling assumptions have little impact on the performance of the tabular model. The use of a single dynamic derivative is not shown to have an impact either, although it is suggested that for more complicated manoeuvres, this could be important. Finally, the most significant error is introduced through neglecting history effects. It is shown that for manoeuvres where history effects dominate, such as those at the extremes of the flight envelope, the tabular model is not sufficient to effectively model the aerodynamics during these manoeuvres.
Fractal tube formulas and a Minkowski measurability criterion for compact subsets of Euclidean spaces
Creators: name: Lapidus, Michel L.
name: Radunović, Goran
name: Žubrinić, Darko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: Metric Geometry (math.MG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We establish pointwise and distributional fractal tube formulas for a large class of compact subsets of Euclidean spaces of arbitrary dimensions. These formulas are expressed as sums of residues of suitable meromorphic functions over the complex dimensions of the compact set under consideration (i.e., over the poles of its fractal zeta function). Our results generalize to higher dimensions (and in a significant way) the corresponding ones previously obtained for fractal strings by the first author and van Frankenhuijsen. They are illustrated by several examples and applied to yield a new Minkowski measurability criterion.
description: 15 pages, corrected typos, updated references, accepted for publication in Discrete and Continuous Dynamical Systems - Series S
ПРАВОВОЙ СТАТУС МУНИЦИПАЛЬНОГО СЛУЖАЩЕГО В РОССИЙСКОЙ ФЕДЕРАЦИИ
Creators: name: Каллагов Т.Э.
Publisher: name: Образование и право
Year: 2022
Subjects: муниципальная служба
Конституция
государственная власть
местное самоуправление
права человека
государственные полномочия
разделение властей.

description: Российское законодательство о статусе муниципальных служащих, как рассуждает автор статьи, нуждается в совершенствовании. Более того, по мнению автора, опыт изучения национального и международного законодательства о статусе муниципальных служащих со всей очевидностью убеждает в недостаточности одного лишь нормативного закрепления (как на международном, так и на национальном уровне) субъективных прав служащего, особенно таких, как право на участие в конкурсе на замещение вакантной должности, право на продвижение по службе, право на служебные заслуги, на защиту профессиональных и социально-экономических интересов, на честь и достоинство.