cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Sylvester-Gallai Theorems for Complex Numbers and Quaternions
Creators: name: Elkies, Noam
name: Pretorius, Lou M.
name: Swanepoel, Konrad J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Metric Geometry (math.MG)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 52C35; 52C10

description: A Sylvester-Gallai (SG) configuration is a finite set S of points such that the line through any two points in S contains a third point of S. According to the Sylvester-Gallai Theorem, an SG configuration in real projective space must be collinear. A problem of Serre (1966) asks whether an SG configuration in a complex projective space must be coplanar. This was proved by Kelly (1986) using a deep inequality of Hirzebruch. We give an elementary proof of this result, and then extend it to show that an SG configuration in projective space over the quaternions must be contained in a three-dimensional flat.
description: 13 pages, 3 figures
Study of an entropy dissipating finite volume scheme for a nonlocal cross-diffusion system
Creators: name: Herda, Maxime
name: Zurek, Antoine
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper we analyse a finite volume scheme for a nonlocal version of the Shigesada-Kawazaki-Teramoto (SKT) cross-diffusion system. We prove the existence of solutions to the scheme, derive qualitative properties of the solutions and prove its convergence. The proofs rely on a discrete entropy-dissipation inequality, discrete compactness arguments, and on the novel adaptation of the so-called duality method at the discrete level. Finally, thanks to numerical experiments, we investigate the influence of the nonlocality in the system: on convergence properties of the scheme, as an approximation of the local system and on the development of diffusive instabilities.
An empirical model of ground based magnetometer data for the study of electric currents in the ionosphere over the Polar region
Creators: name: Johnson, Michael
name: Maute, Astrid
name: Richmond, Arthur
name: Cantrell, Terri
name: Schmidt, Cynthia
name: Sands, Summer
Publisher: name: University Corporation For Atmospheric Research (UCAR)
Year: 2001
Subjects: Magnetic field
Electric currents
Magnetic variation
Solar wind
NanoTesla

Variations in the earth's magnetic field have been measured for over a century with the aid of magnetometers. The major contributors to the earthâs magnetic field are the electric currents within the earthâs interior because the earth is a conductor. Although the electric currents within the earth cause a major portion of magnetic variation, the electrical currents in the ionosphere also have an effect. Such variations change over magnetic latitude and local time as well as with magnetic activity level due to the interaction of the solar wind with the Earth's magnetosphere. Modern magnetometers employ sophisticated electronic circuitry to acquire measurements in units of nanoTesla at ground based magnetometer stations worldwide. An empirical model of ground based magnetometer data from high-latitude observation stations above N55 degrees magnetic latitude is compiled for analysis of variation, similarity, and trends with respect to location and magnetic activity level over time. Ionospheric currents causing magnetic activity over the polar region and in the auroral zone is the object of study. An assessment of the geomagnetic disturbances is made to ensure accurate plotting and mapping of this activity. This empirical model will provide future reference for computer simulation model comparisons, predictions, and other studies. Much is known about the structure and dynamics of ionosphere electric currents, yet it is hoped that this study will assist in uncovering more insight into the complexity of its changing patterns and characteristics.
Accounting for the Racial Property Crime Gap in the US: A Quantitative Equilibrium Analysis
Creators: name: Cozzi, Marco
name: Cozzi, Marco
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Financial Economics
subject: Property crimes
subject: Computable General Equilibrium
subject: Incomplete Markets
subject: Race
subject: Unemployment
subject: Wealth Inequality

description: This paper studies the effects of both labor market conditions and asset poverty on the property crimes involvement of American males. Since the mid 60’s the property crimes arrest rate has been four times higher for black males if compared to white ones. Another set of stylised facts show for the first demographic group lower educational levels and worse labor market outcomes, with the African Americans supplying less hours of labor, gaining lower wages, experiencing both higher unemployment duration and rates. At the same time, more than 30% of black households had a negative net worth. A dynamic general equilibrium model is developed, exploiting these facts to quantitatively assess the race crime gap, that is the difference in crime explained by the difference in observables. The model is calibrated relying on US data and solved numerically. The model captures well relevant dimensions of the crime phenomenon, such as the inmates composition by race, employment status and education. Simulation results show that the observed poverty and labor market outcomes account for as much as 90% of the arrest rates ratio. Finally the model is used to compare two alternative policy experiments aimed at reducing the aggregate crime rate: increasing the expenditure on police seems to be cost effective, when compared to an equally expensive lump-sum subsidy targeted to the high school dropouts.
L’eco del passato sotto il suolo lunare
Creators: Maura Sandri
Publisher: name: Media Inaf
Year: 2021

Una nuova analisi dei dati radar a 60 MHz acquisiti dal rover Chang'E-3 Yutu ha permesso di identificare uno strato di paleoregolite, spesso tra i 5 e 9 metri, inserito tra due strati di roccia lavica che si ritiene abbiano rispettivamente 2.3 e 3.6 miliardi di anni. I risultati suggeriscono che lo strato di paleoregolite si sia formato molto più velocemente del previsto. Tutti i dettagli su Geophysical Research Letters
Near-resonant instability of geostrophic modes: beyond Greenspan's theorem
Creators: name: Reun, Thomas Le
name: Gallet, Basile
name: Favier, Benjamin
name: Bars, Michael Le
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore the near-resonant interaction of inertial waves with geostrophic modes in rotating fluids via numerical and theoretical analysis. When a single inertial wave is imposed, we find that some geostrophic modes are unstable above a threshold value of the Rossby number $kRo$ based on the wavenumber and wave amplitude. We show this instability to be caused by triadic interaction involving two inertial waves and a geostrophic mode such that the sum of their eigen frequencies is non-zero. We derive theoretical scalings for the growth rate of this near-resonant instability. The growth rate scaled by the global rotation rate is proportional to $(kRo)^2$ at low $kRo$ and transitions to a $kRo$ scaling for larger $kRo$. These scalings are in excellent agreement with direct numerical simulations. This instability could explain recent experimental observations of geostrophic instability driven by waves.
description: Accepted for publication in Journal of Fluid Mechanics Rapids. 13 pages, 4 figures
Towards a minimal example of quantum nonlocality without inputs
Creators: name: Boreiri, Sadra
name: Girardin, Antoine
name: Ulu, Bora
name: Lypka-Bartosik, Patryk
name: Brunner, Nicolas
name: Sekatski, Pavel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The network scenario offers interesting new perspectives on the phenomenon of quantum nonlocality. Notably, when considering networks with independent sources, it is possible to demonstrate quantum nonlocality without the need for measurements inputs, i.e. with all parties performing a fixed quantum measurement. Here we aim to find minimal examples of this effect. Focusing on the minimal case of the triangle network, we present examples involving output cardinalities of $3-3-3$ and $3-3-2$. Finally, we discuss the prospects of finding an example of quantum nonlocality in the triangle network with binary outputs, and point out a connection to the Lovasz local lemma.
description: In the initial version of our manuscript, we discovered a mistake in the proof of Theorem 2. Consequently, in the updated version, Theorem 2 has been revised. Furthermore, in Appendix C, we include an updated proof applicable to a broader range of entangled states
Prove tecniche di camminata su ruote
Creators: Claudia Mignone
Publisher: name: Media Inaf
Year: 2021

Nuovi test mostrano che il rover Rosalind Franklin della missione ExoMars è in grado di liberarsi con facilità da una “trappola di sabbia” come quelle che potrebbe incontrare su Marte grazie allo speciale sistema di camminata su ruote, che può essere attivato qualora il veicolo robotizzato dovesse trovarsi a fronteggiare terreni sabbiosi. I test sono stati condotti presso la sede dell’Altec a Torino
Effectiveness of the Public Payroll Decentralization Reforms in Uganda
Creators: name: Lwanga, Musa Mayanja
name: Munyambonera, Ezra Francis
name: Guloba, Madina
name: Lwanga, Musa Mayanja
name: Munyambonera, Ezra Francis
name: Guloba, Madina
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Financial Economics
subject: Industrial Organization
subject: Public Economics
subject: Absenteeism
subject: Finance management
subject: Corruption tendencies

description: This study examines the extent to which the decentralisation of payroll management and salary processing has achieved its intended objectives. Findings reveal that there has been remarkable improvement in the key indicators of measuring efficiency, that is: increased awareness by teachers of the new mechanisms of the reform (95 percent), significant reductions in cases reporting of missing salaries (3.6 percentage point improvement) and reduction in cases reporting over payment. Furthermore, incidences of salary arrears have declined since the reform was introduced to 16 percent from 23 percent before the reform. Less teachers are being erroneously deleted from the payroll, from 11 percent prior to the reform to 4 percent after its introduction. The reform has enabled teachers to correct errors and omissions related to their salaries much faster (from 65 percent to 59 percent before and after the reform respectively. However, challenges of travelling long distances to districts, corruption at district level, and high absenteeism of district officials still impede the process of reporting and correcting errors.
Tethered balloon measurements of boundary layer ozone profiles over the Amazon rainforest
Creators: name: Johnson, Theresa
name: Guenther, Alex
name: Lefer, Barry
Publisher: name: University Corporation For Atmospheric Research (UCAR)
Year: 2001
Subjects: Vertical distribution
Planetary boundary layer
Tethered balloon platform
Wind observations
Ozone deposition velocities

The vertical distribution of ozone over the Amazon rainforest, especially within the mixed layer of the planetary boundary layer, is not well understood. During the month of June 2001, ozone profiles were collected as a part of the Large-Scale Biosphere Atmosphere Experiment (LBA) in Amazonia from a tethered balloon platform and referenced to wind observations from a Sodar. The wind observations established the source of the ozone profiles, i.e., if the ozone monitor was sampling air that had only passed over the forest. The purpose of this study was to determine if observed ozone mixing ratios from over the forest within the lower mixed layer (200 â 400 m) could be used to estimate ozone deposition velocities, which are needed for modeling atmospheric chemistry over primary tropical forest. Results reveal a maximum ozone deposition gradient of 5.4 ppb/100 m above the forest and a negligible gradient above a nearby reservoir. The calculated flux and deposition velocities were 10.63 ppb cm s-1 and 0.75 cm s-1 respectively after a series of data filtration techniques were employed. This deposition velocity is similar to values found by past studies over other forest types. The resulting estimates have large-scale implications, especially for future land-use change (forest flooded to make a reservoir) of the Amazon and similar forested landscapes, and of the role of ozone in the global atmospheric chemistry budget.
Habropoda depressa Fowler 1899
Creators: name: Pedro, Diego De
name: Ceccarelli, Fadia Sara
name: Sagot, Philippe
name: López-Reyes, Eulogio
name: Mullins, Jessica L.
name: Mérida-Rivas, Jorge A.
name: Falcon-Brindis, Armando
name: Griswold, Terry
name: Ascher, John S.
name: Gardner, Joel
name: Ayala, Ricardo
name: Vides-Borrell, Eric
name: Vandame, Rémy
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy

description: Habropoda depressa Fowler, 1899 **
[♀ ♂ Berkeley, California, USA; February 22 to May 1, 1899]
Habropoda depressa is a new species record for Mexico and the BCP, although undetermined specimens had been preserved in the MABC collection since 2016. The BBPT collected 28 specimens (16 ♀, 12 ♂) across the Coastal Sage Matorral and the Chaparral in April and May 2023 (MABC). See fig. 81.
description: Published as part of Pedro, Diego De, Ceccarelli, Fadia Sara, Sagot, Philippe, López-Reyes, Eulogio, Mullins, Jessica L., Mérida-Rivas, Jorge A., Falcon-Brindis, Armando, Griswold, Terry, Ascher, John S., Gardner, Joel, Ayala, Ricardo, Vides-Borrell, Eric & Vandame, Rémy, 2024, Revealing the Baja California Peninsula's Hidden Treasures: An Annotated checklist of the native bees (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Anthophila), pp. 1-391 in Zootaxa 5522 (1) on page 141, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5522.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/13920532
Prima infrarossi, ora luce visibile
Creators: Gloria Nobile
Publisher: name: Media Inaf
Year: 2021

Catturare con gli occhi la luce invisibile delle lunghezze d’onda infrarosse ora si può, grazie a nanocavità costituite da minuscole molecole vibranti in grado – con l’aiuto di un laser – di aumentare la frequenza della luce infrarossa per convertirla in luce visibile. Lo studio, guidato da scienziati dell’Epfl di Losanna, in Svizzera, è stato pubblicato ieri su Science
Beyond input distribution: Requirements for agricultural transformation in Uganda
Creators: name: Nakazi, Florence
name: Mbowa, Swaibu
name: Lakuma, Paul Corti
name: Nakazi, Florence
name: Mbowa, Swaibu
name: Lakuma, Paul Corti
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: Agricultural commodities
subject: Technology generation
subject: Wealth creation

description: Government has responded positively to the need to increase production and productivity of priority agricultural commodities by committing more public funds for distribution of planting materials. Results are already observable for coffee. However, some major inconsistencies have emerged that could slow the effectiveness of the planting programme. These include; (a) large and significant shifts of public financing from technology generation to input distribution (b) mismatch between quantity of planting materials distributed and what is required, and (c) unreliable extension support system. Consequently, there is a need to refocus the input distribution programme to include the following: prioritizing and increasing public funding to research and development; increasing the per household volume of planting materials distributed by Operation Wealth Creation; and facilitation of extension staff to effectively deliver extension services.
Student Preferences in Learning Spaces and Classrooms
Creators: name: Aichmair, Adam
name: Hoekstra, Ashley
name: Zhang, Charlie
name: Goosenberg, David
name: Talbot, Hannah
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2017

description: The primary intention of this study was to see how students at the University of British Columbia (UBC) prioritize various amenities in the classroom versus in study spaces. Data was collected from a sample of 63 UBC students. An online Qualtrics survey was distributed, allowing students to rank their preferences for basic learning space amenities in order from most important to least important. Our list of amenities was assembled in collaboration with the University client, Steven Lee. The specific focus of our analysis is on the accessibility of electrical outlets in different learning environments on campus. Other amenities were included for consideration in the survey, but were not relevant to our specific analysis. Importantly, we wanted to investigate how students’ preferences varied depending on two main factors: whether the room is a classroom or a study space, and also whether the respondents live on- or off-campus. Further, we assessed how the length of an off-campus student’s daily commute impacts their preference ranking. Results indicate that students value electrical outlet accessibility more in study spaces than they do in classrooms, in a statistically significant way. The discrepancy in preference for electrical outlets between on-campus and off-campus students was found to not be statistically significant; though there was a small negative relationship between length of commute and preference for outlets. Results indicate that electrical outlet accessibility in academic spaces on campus is of crucial importance to all UBC students. Disclaimer: “UBC SEEDS provides students with the opportunity to share the findings of their studies, as well as their opinions, conclusions and recommendations with the UBC community. The reader should bear in mind that this is a student project/report and is not an official document of UBC. Furthermore readers should bear in mind that these reports may not reflect the current status of activities at UBC. We urge you to contact the research persons mentioned in a report or the SEEDS Coordinator about the current status of the subject matter of a project/report.”
Gj 367b, dove un anno dura solo otto ore
Creators: Valentina Guglielmo
Publisher: name: Media Inaf
Year: 2021

Pesa la metà della Terra, è grande circa quanto Marte e al centro è molto simile a Mercurio. Si chiama Gj 367b e si trova in orbita attorno a una nana rossa di tipo M a soli 31 anni luce dalla Terra. La sua peculiarità, però, è un’altra: ruota talmente vicino alla stella ospite che, su di esso, un anno dura meno di otto ore
Overcoming the reproductive health challenges to young women’s employment prospects in Uganda
Creators: name: Ahaibwe, Gemma
name: Kasirye, Ibrahim
name: Ahaibwe, Gemma
name: Kasirye, Ibrahim
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Institutional and Behavioral Economics
subject: Labor and Human Capital
subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: Economic opportunities
subject: Labour market

description: Despite the existence of a fairly strong legal framework, young women in Uganda continue to face a number of challenges as they make the crucial transition into adulthood. In particular, girls are pushed into early marriages and pregnancies and are often deprived of full education attainment. Such experiences have lasting impacts on their future economic opportunities. Research findings show that discriminatory social norms and practices still exist –particularly in rural areas - and they affect the ability of girls and young women to realize their educational and economic capabilities. Young people with more education are likely to transit to better jobs as and when employment opportunities arise. Moreover, early fertility and marriage experiences often result in increased caring responsibilities and restricted mobility in search of employment opportunities.
Energia oscura primordiale? Se c’era, era poca
Creators: Claudia Mignone
Publisher: name: Media Inaf
Year: 2021

Un team di cosmologi ha ricostruito la storia dell’energia oscura attraverso la cronologia dell’universo usando una varietà di dati recenti, dalla radiazione di fondo alle supernove, dimostrando che questa componente, oggi dominante, era presente al più in quantità modeste durante le prime fasi del cosmo. Secondo questo studio, una simile ‘early dark energy’ non risolve del tutto le tensioni tra modello cosmologico standard e osservazioni. Ne parliamo con una delle autrici, Valeria Pettorino del Cea di Parigi
Bayesian Inference in Processing Experimental Data: Principles and Basic Applications
Creators: name: D'Agostini, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This report introduces general ideas and some basic methods of the Bayesian probability theory applied to physics measurements. Our aim is to make the reader familiar, through examples rather than rigorous formalism, with concepts such as: model comparison (including the automatic Ockham's Razor filter provided by the Bayesian approach); parametric inference; quantification of the uncertainty about the value of physical quantities, also taking into account systematic effects; role of marginalization; posterior characterization; predictive distributions; hierarchical modelling and hyperparameters; Gaussian approximation of the posterior and recovery of conventional methods, especially maximum likelihood and chi-square fits under well defined conditions; conjugate priors, transformation invariance and maximum entropy motivated priors; Monte Carlo estimates of expectation, including a short introduction to Markov Chain Monte Carlo methods.
description: 40 pages, 2 figures, invited paper for Reports on Progress in Physics
Avanti e indietro nel tempo: per entropia si può
Creators: Gloria Nobile
Publisher: name: Media Inaf
Year: 2021

Siamo abituati a pensare al tempo come una variabile che scorre esclusivamente verso il futuro. Tornare indietro è impossibile, o quasi. Un nuovo studio mostra che questo confine non è più così netto, nella meccanica quantistica: qualora il “disordine” non fosse eccessivo, un sistema potrebbe dirigersi simultaneamente verso il passato e verso il futuro. Ne parliamo con la prima autrice, Giulia Rubino, ricercatrice postdoc all’Università di Bristol, nel Regno Unito
Habropoda pallida
Creators: name: Pedro, Diego De
name: Ceccarelli, Fadia Sara
name: Sagot, Philippe
name: López-Reyes, Eulogio
name: Mullins, Jessica L.
name: Mérida-Rivas, Jorge A.
name: Falcon-Brindis, Armando
name: Griswold, Terry
name: Ascher, John S.
name: Gardner, Joel
name: Ayala, Ricardo
name: Vides-Borrell, Eric
name: Vandame, Rémy
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy

description: Habropoda pallida (Timberlake, 1937)
[Holotype: AMNH; ♀ Palm desert 4.83 km east of Edom, Riverside Co., California, USA; March 8, 1936]
This species is primarily distributed in sand dune habitats of the Sonoran and Mojave Deserts, the Arizona Plateau, California and BC. Habropoda pallida specializes on pollen from several plants in Fabaceae (Fowler 2020). We examined four specimens (2 ♀, 2 ♂) collected in the Succulent Coastal Matorral in March 1954, and November 1975 (BBSL), three females collected in the Succulent Coastal Matorral in March 1962 and March 1973 one female collected in the Vizcaíno Desert (EMEC), one female collected in the Vizcaíno Desert in March 1981 (SDNHM), and one female reported only for the BC state (CASC). We further document its presence by collecting specimens in the Coastal Sage Matorral in April of 2021 (3♀, 2 ♂) and in the Coastal Sage Matorral in 2023 (4♀, 2 ♂). Voucher specimens are in MABC (6 ♀, 3 ♂), and ECOAB (1 ♀, 1 ♂). See fig. 83.
description: Published as part of Pedro, Diego De, Ceccarelli, Fadia Sara, Sagot, Philippe, López-Reyes, Eulogio, Mullins, Jessica L., Mérida-Rivas, Jorge A., Falcon-Brindis, Armando, Griswold, Terry, Ascher, John S., Gardner, Joel, Ayala, Ricardo, Vides-Borrell, Eric & Vandame, Rémy, 2024, Revealing the Baja California Peninsula's Hidden Treasures: An Annotated checklist of the native bees (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Anthophila), pp. 1-391 in Zootaxa 5522 (1) on page 143, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5522.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/13920532
Flagellar length control in biflagellate eukaryotes: time-of-flight, shared pool, train traffic and cooperative phenomena
Creators: name: Patra, Swayamshree
name: Jülicher, Frank
name: Chowdhury, Debashish
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Subcellular Processes (q-bio.SC)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Flagella of eukaryotic cells are transient long cylindrical protrusions. The proteins needed to form and maintain flagella are synthesized in the cell body and transported to the distal tips. What `rulers' or `timers' a specific type of cells use to strike a balance between the outward and inward transport of materials so as to maintain a particular length of its flagella in the steady state is one of the open questions in cellular self-organization. Even more curious is how the two flagella of biflagellates, like Chlamydomonas Reinhardtii, communicate through their base to coordinate their lengths. In this paper we develop a stochastic model for flagellar length control based on a time-of-flight (ToF) mechanism. This ToF mechanism decides whether or not structural proteins are to be loaded onto an intraflagellar transport (IFT) train just before it begins its motorized journey from the base to the tip of the flagellum. Because of the ongoing turnover, the structural proteins released from the flagellar tip are transported back to the cell body also by IFT trains. We represent the traffic of IFT trains as a totally asymmetric simple exclusion process (TASEP). The ToF mechanism for each flagellum, together with the TASEP-based description of the IFT trains, combined with a scenario of sharing of a common pool of flagellar structural proteins in biflagellates, can account for all key features of experimentally known phenomena. These include ciliogenesis, resorption, deflagellation as well as regeneration after selective amputation of one of the two flagella. We also show that the experimental observations of Ishikawa and Marshall are consistent with the ToF mechanism of length control if the effects of the mutual exclusion of the IFT trains captured by the TASEP are taken into account. Moreover, we make new predictions on the flagellar length fluctuations and the role of the common pool.
description: Revised presentation, 36 pages, including 17 figures
Using taxation to control Tobacco consumption in Uganda
Creators: name: Ntale, Anita
name: Kasirye, Ibrahim
name: Ntale, Anita
name: Kasirye, Ibrahim
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Vulnerable
subject: Cigarette
subject: Smoking

description: This brief explores the trends in tobacco taxation in Uganda and highlights the importance of addressing factors that contribute to affordability when using taxation as a tobacco control tool. Drawn from a recent study by EPRC which simulates the potential impact of different tax changes on tobacco consumption, the brief underscores the need to make regular, consistent and uniform adjustments to the tobacco tax structure.
Eccentric-disk models for the nucleus of M31
Creators: name: Peiris, Hiranya V.
name: Tremaine, Scott
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct dynamical models of the ``double'' nucleus of M31 in which the nucleus consists of an eccentric disk of stars orbiting a central black hole. The principal approximation in these models is that the disk stars travel in a Kepler potential, i.e., we neglect the mass of the disk relative to the black hole. We consider both ``aligned'' models, in which the eccentric disk lies in the plane of the large-scale M31 disk, and ``non-aligned'' models, in which the orientation of the eccentric disk is fitted to the data. Both types of model can reproduce the double structure and overall morphology seen in Hubble Space Telescope photometry. In comparison with the best available ground-based spectroscopy, the models reproduce the asymmetric rotation curve, the peak height of the dispersion profile, and the qualitative behavior of the Gauss-Hermite coefficients h_3 and h_4. Aligned models fail to reproduce the observation that the surface brightness at P1 is higher than at P2 and yield significantly poorer fits to the kinematics; thus we favor non-aligned models. Eccentric-disk models fitted to ground-based spectroscopy are used to predict the kinematics observed at much higher resolution by the STIS instrument on the Hubble Space Telescope (Bender et al. 2003), and we find generally satisfactory agreement.
description: 45 pages, 18 figures, accepted by ApJ
Image compression optimized for 3D reconstruction by utilizing deep neural networks
Creators: name: Golts, Alex
name: Schechner, Yoav Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Computer vision tasks are often expected to be executed on compressed images. Classical image compression standards like JPEG 2000 are widely used. However, they do not account for the specific end-task at hand. Motivated by works on recurrent neural network (RNN)-based image compression and three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction, we propose unified network architectures to solve both tasks jointly. These joint models provide image compression tailored for the specific task of 3D reconstruction. Images compressed by our proposed models, yield 3D reconstruction performance superior as compared to using JPEG 2000 compression. Our models significantly extend the range of compression rates for which 3D reconstruction is possible. We also show that this can be done highly efficiently at almost no additional cost to obtain compression on top of the computation already required for performing the 3D reconstruction task.
Habropoda morrisoni
Creators: name: Pedro, Diego De
name: Ceccarelli, Fadia Sara
name: Sagot, Philippe
name: López-Reyes, Eulogio
name: Mullins, Jessica L.
name: Mérida-Rivas, Jorge A.
name: Falcon-Brindis, Armando
name: Griswold, Terry
name: Ascher, John S.
name: Gardner, Joel
name: Ayala, Ricardo
name: Vides-Borrell, Eric
name: Vandame, Rémy
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy

description: Habropoda morrisoni (Cresson, 1878)
[Holotype: ANSP; ♂ Colorado, USA]
Habropoda morrisoni is widely distributed across the Great Plains and western USA and it has exclusively been recorded in BC within the Coastal Sage and Succulent Coastal Matorral ecosystems. There are 13 specimens vouchered at BBSL and 25 in SEMC (GIBF 2023). See fig. 82.
description: Published as part of Pedro, Diego De, Ceccarelli, Fadia Sara, Sagot, Philippe, López-Reyes, Eulogio, Mullins, Jessica L., Mérida-Rivas, Jorge A., Falcon-Brindis, Armando, Griswold, Terry, Ascher, John S., Gardner, Joel, Ayala, Ricardo, Vides-Borrell, Eric & Vandame, Rémy, 2024, Revealing the Baja California Peninsula's Hidden Treasures: An Annotated checklist of the native bees (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Anthophila), pp. 1-391 in Zootaxa 5522 (1) on page 143, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5522.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/13920532
The effective use of qualitative methods in establishing best practices in an academic bridge program
Creators: name: Kelly, Resa
name: Henderson, Sandra
name: Marlino, Mary
name: Pagel, Wendy
Publisher: name: University Corporation For Atmospheric Research (UCAR)
Year: 2001
Subjects: Educational goals
Underrepresented populations
Graduate programs
SOARS

In recent years, academic bridge programs have received favorable attention as they support and guide targeted populations toward specified educational goals. However, critical, in-depth studies of such programs are lacking. This paper describes the techniques used to better understand one such bridge program: ‘Significant Opportunities in Atmospheric Research and Science(SOARS).’ The goal of SOARS is to increase the number of people of underrepresented populations in graduate programs of atmospheric and related sciences. Specifically, this paper will address how qualitative methods were used to establish the best practices of SOARS. Best practices are the characteristics that appear to help the program to reach its goals and objectives. The decision of what qualitative techniques to use was determined by reviewing the qualitative literature and considering the setting, the subjects, and the longitudinal nature of the SOARS program. Data collection involved participant observation, interviews and field notes. In addition, various written materials such as the subject’s research papers and electronic mail communications were also used as data. Using these methods allowed for triangulation and comparison of subject responses. From this research, it is apparent that qualitative research, as an approach for gathering and interpreting data that emphasizes description and the study of peoples’ understanding, is an effective way to analyze the best practices of the academic bridge program SOARS.
HybridCite: A Hybrid Model for Context-Aware Citation Recommendation
Creators: name: Färber, Michael
name: Sampath, Ashwath
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: Digital Libraries (cs.DL)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Citation recommendation systems aim to recommend citations for either a complete paper or a small portion of text called a citation context. The process of recommending citations for citation contexts is called local citation recommendation and is the focus of this paper. Firstly, we develop citation recommendation approaches based on embeddings, topic modeling, and information retrieval techniques. We combine, for the first time to the best of our knowledge, the best-performing algorithms into a semi-genetic hybrid recommender system for citation recommendation. We evaluate the single approaches and the hybrid approach offline based on several data sets, such as the Microsoft Academic Graph (MAG) and the MAG in combination with arXiv and ACL. We further conduct a user study for evaluating our approaches online. Our evaluation results show that a hybrid model containing embedding and information retrieval-based components outperforms its individual components and further algorithms by a large margin.
description: to be published in the Proceedings of the ACM/IEEE Joint Conference on Digital Libraries (JCDL '20)
Projecting social contact matrices to populations stratified by binary attributes with known homophily
Creators: name: Kadelka, Claus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 92D30

description: Contact networks are heterogeneous. People with similar characteristics are more likely to interact, a phenomenon called assortative mixing or homophily. While age-assortativity is well-established and social contact matrices for populations stratified by age have been derived through extensive survey work, we lack empirical studies that describe contact patterns of a population stratified by other attributes such as gender, sexual orientation, ethnicity, etc. Accounting for heterogeneities with respect to these attributes can have a profound effect on the dynamics of epidemiological forecasting models.
 Here, we introduce a new methodology to expand a given e.g. age-based contact matrix to populations stratified by binary attributes with a known level of homophily. We describe a set of linear conditions any meaningful social contact matrix must satisfy and find the optimal matrix by solving a non-linear optimization problem. We show the effect homophily can have on disease dynamics and conclude by briefly describing more complicated extensions.
 The available Python source code enables any modeler to account for the presence of homophily with respect to binary attributes in contact patterns, ultimately yielding more accurate predictive models.
description: 20 pages, 3 figures, 4 tables
The relationship between radar reflectivity and lightning activity at initial stages of convective storms
Creators: name: Martinez, Maribel
name: Lemone, Margaret
name: Knight, Charles
name: Oien, Niles
name: Foster, Susan
Publisher: name: University Corporation For Atmospheric Research (UCAR)
Year: 2001
Subjects: STEPS
High Plains
Lightning data collection
Radar echoes
Intracloud lightning
Reflectivity

Radar and lightning data sets were collected during the Severe Thunderstorm Electrification and Precipitation Study (STEPS) stationed on the High Plains. This study documents the results of data analysis of 14 storms, 2 with no lightning detected, for which data were collected as part of this study. Previous studies are typically limited in terms of the number of storms studied, or by the lightning data collection systems used. It was found that in all 12 storms with lightning, the initial activity was intracloud lightning. In order for lightning to occur, radar echoes of at least 40 dBZ had to exist at altitudes greater than 7 km MSL. Storms that produced only intracloud lightning differed from those that went on to produce cloud-to-ground strikes in that there were differences in the altitude lightning originated at, and the reflectivity it occurred in. Thunderstorms that displayed positive cloud-to-ground strikes could be distinguished between those with negative cloud-to-ground strikes by the reflectivities present at the time of the initial intracloud strike, and by the time between the first 25 dBZ echo and first intracloud strike. The one case in which a storm switched from negative to positive polarity, differed from a regular negative cloud-to-ground lightning storm in that the initial intracloud strike originated at an altitude less than 8 km. These results show that a combined knowledge of storm intensity and the initial lighting activity may enable lightning forecasts, and aid to improve thunderstorm forecasts.
Exploring juror stress in one -day /one -trial jurisdictions
Creators: name: Michkowski, Steven G.
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: The groundwork for this study is based on an examination of juror stress that was performed by the National Center for State Courts (NCSC) entitled, "Through the Eyes of the Juror: A Manual for Addressing Juror Stress." The major objective of the NCSC analysis was to identify sources of juror stress. The purpose of my thesis is to build upon the research performed by the NCSC. Specifically, this study will distill the scope of data analysis to determine whether, overall, juror stress (as measured by the combining of the variables demonstrating the major relationships between jury service and stress) is less prevalent with jurors serving in one-day/one-trial jurisdictions contrasted with jurors who served in non-one-day/one-day-trial jurisdictions. In testing the outcome of this hypothesis, I will also incorporate demographic characteristics with the intent to explore further what juror stress profiles can be formulated. In constructing models (groups) of key jury stress factors, I hope to further refine an understanding of the concept of juror stress, especially as it would help to identify juror stress profiles that can be understood within the broader scope of the one-day/one-trial question. By enriching our understanding of the concept of juror stress as potentially related to certainty of service (one-day/one-trial), it is my expectation that an important and relevant breadth of knowledge can be injected to the field of justice administration. I would anticipate that the prospective implications of this study would be of considerable interest and importance to judicial policymakers and especially to those jurisdictions that are weighing the benefits and ramifications of the one-day/one-trial concept. In identifying supplementary relationships between stress and jury service, it is logical to anticipate that this study would stimulate judicial policymakers to explore reasonable techniques aimed at reducing stress of jurors in those areas the courts effectively direct or manage.
Endogenizing Growth via a Lag for Apprenticing
Creators: name: Hartwick, John
name: Van Long, Ngo
name: Hartwick, John
name: Van Long, Ngo
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Financial Economics
subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: skilled and unskilled labor
subject: apprenticing
subject: balanced growth
subject: endogenous growth

description: We take up a growth model with both skilled and unskilled labor, and a steady migration of some unskilled workers, who undertake apprenticing, to the skilled group of workers. Apprenticing involves a period of observing and thus labor output foregone. The time-out for observing represents a cost to the economy and this results in the rate of balanced growth being endogenous. We examine the balanced growth path and report on the stability of our dynamic system.
Molecular dynamics study of alpha -helical coiled -coils: Hydrophobic interactions and their impact on helix orientation and coiled -coil stability
Creators: name: Rosencrance, Susan M.
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: The two-stranded alpha-helical coiled-coil found in the enzyme seryl t-RNA synthetase (STS) folds as an antiparallel coiled-coil, the typical orientation for coiled-coils in globular proteins. On the other hand coiled-coils found in DNA-binding proteins like GCN4 typically maintain a parallel orientation. This study addresses the following questions: what role do hydrophobic interactions play in influencing the orientation of helices in a coiled-coil and what impact do they have on coiled-coil stability?; The molecular dynamics program CHARMm was used to build parallel and antiparallel models of the STS and GCN4 coiled-coils in vacuo and to evaluate the influence of hydrophobic interactions. Native models of the STS antiparallel coiled-coil and the GCN4 parallel coiled-coil, based on the x-ray crystallographic structures, were compared to designed models of a STS parallel and a GCN4 antiparallel coiled-coil. Differences in hydrophobic packing and residue accessibility in each orientation were evaluated using the Lee and Richards method. Also, solvation free energies calculated using the Eisenberg and McLachlan method were used to predict the relative stability of each orientation in terms of hydrophobic interactions. The results showed the antiparallel orientation was the preferred orientation for a two-stranded alpha-helical coiled-coil in terms of hydrophobic packing and residue accessibility. Furthermore solvation free energy calculations showed the antiparallel orientation was more stable in terms of hydrophobic interactions than its parallel counterpart. Thus, these results suggest that while hydrophobic interactions in isolation dictate an antiparallel orientation, there are other overriding factors such as electrostatics that ultimately determine the parallel orientation of coiled-coils found in DNA-binding proteins.
The daily cycle of low level winds over the island of Nauru in the equatorial western pacific
Creators: name: Munoz Acevedo, Ernesto
name: Hartten, Leslie
name: Stevermer, Amy
name: Ahijevych, David
name: Johnson, Teresa
name: Rivera, Monica
Publisher: name: University Corporation For Atmospheric Research (UCAR)
Year: 2001
Subjects: Wind profiling radar
Sea breeze
Onshore flow
Wind direction
Harmonic analysis

Identifying any island-induced effect on winds over Nauru is necessary for better interpreting wind measurements taken by a wind profiling radar. The objectives of this research were to identify any sea breeze (island-induced phenomenon) over the wind profiler site at Nauru as well as to determine its interannual variability. Measurements were made from a few hundred meters to about 2 kilometers altitude using a wind profiler developed by the NOAA Aeronomy Lab. Half-hourly vertical profiles of winds from 1994-1999 over the island of Nauru were studied. From the profiles, average daily cycles and their anomalies were computed for several single-year and 3-month periods, allowing year-to-year comparisons of the low level winds. They were analyzed for the presence of any onshore flow of winds and its variability throughout the years. No onshore flow, and therefore no sea breeze, was observed for the years of 1994-1999 over the southern region of the island. However, southerly anomalies in wind direction were found between 10:30 and 14:30 Local Time below 600 meters for the years of 1995, 1996, 1998 and 1999. The 24-hour cycle of the meridional wind was examined through harmonic analysis and its maximum positive signal was at 11:12 LT for the annual averages of 1994-1999. A comparison of wind direction, presence of southerly anomalies, sea surface temperature (SST) over the region, and the Southern Oscillation Index (SOI) showed that the southerly anomalies are observed depending on the region’s sea surface temperature and/or the Southern Oscillation.
Molecular dynamics study of alpha -helical coiled -coils: Hydrophobic interactions and their impact on helix orientation and coiled -coil stability
Creators: name: Rosencrance, Susan M.
Publisher: name: ProQuest
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 31
subject: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
classificationCode: 34
subject: Chemical sciences
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
classificationCode: 51
subject: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The two-stranded alpha-helical coiled-coil found in the enzyme seryl t-RNA synthetase (STS) folds as an antiparallel coiled-coil, the typical orientation for coiled-coils in globular proteins. On the other hand coiled-coils found in DNA-binding proteins like GCN4 typically maintain a parallel orientation. This study addresses the following questions: what role do hydrophobic interactions play in influencing the orientation of helices in a coiled-coil and what impact do they have on coiled-coil stability?; The molecular dynamics program CHARMm was used to build parallel and antiparallel models of the STS and GCN4 coiled-coils in vacuo and to evaluate the influence of hydrophobic interactions. Native models of the STS antiparallel coiled-coil and the GCN4 parallel coiled-coil, based on the x-ray crystallographic structures, were compared to designed models of a STS parallel and a GCN4 antiparallel coiled-coil. Differences in hydrophobic packing and residue accessibility in each orientation were evaluated using the Lee and Richards method. Also, solvation free energies calculated using the Eisenberg and McLachlan method were used to predict the relative stability of each orientation in terms of hydrophobic interactions. The results showed the antiparallel orientation was the preferred orientation for a two-stranded alpha-helical coiled-coil in terms of hydrophobic packing and residue accessibility. Furthermore solvation free energy calculations showed the antiparallel orientation was more stable in terms of hydrophobic interactions than its parallel counterpart. Thus, these results suggest that while hydrophobic interactions in isolation dictate an antiparallel orientation, there are other overriding factors such as electrostatics that ultimately determine the parallel orientation of coiled-coils found in DNA-binding proteins.