cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Eulerian polynomials for subarrangements of Weyl arrangements
Creators: name: Ashraf, Ahmed Umer
name: Tran, Tan Nhat
name: Yoshinaga, Masahiko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary 52C35, Secondary 17B22

description: Let $\mathcal{A}$ be a Weyl arrangement. We introduce and study the notion of $\mathcal{A}$-Eulerian polynomial producing an Eulerian-like polynomial for any subarrangement of $\mathcal{A}$. This polynomial together with shift operator describe how the characteristic quasi-polynomial of a new class of arrangements containing ideal subarrangements of $\mathcal{A}$ can be expressed in terms of the Ehrhart quasi-polynomial of the fundamental alcove. The method can also be extended to define two types of deformed Weyl subarrangements containing the families of the extended Shi, Catalan, Linial arrangements and to compute their characteristic quasi-polynomials. We obtain several known results in the literature as specializations, including the formula of the characteristic polynomial of $\mathcal{A}$ via Ehrhart theory due to Athanasiadis (1996), Blass-Sagan (1998), Suter (1998) and Kamiya-Takemura-Terao (2010); and the formula relating the number of coweight lattice points in the fundamental parallelepiped with the Lam-Postnikov Eulerian polynomial due to the third author.
description: 20 pages, two notable improvements compared with v2: the formula of the quasi-polynomials characterizes the compatibility (Theorem 4.11), and every lower ideal is compatible (Theorem 4.16)
Next-to-leading-log renormalization-group running in heavy-quarkonium creation and annihilation
Creators: name: Pineda, Antonio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the framework of potential NRQCD, we obtain the next-to-leading-log renormalization-group running of the matching coefficients for the heavy quarkonium production currents near threshold. This allows to obtain S-wave heavy-quarkonium production/annihilation observables with next-to-leading-log accuracy within perturbative QCD. In particular, we give expressions for the decays of heavy quarkonium to e^+e^- and to two photons. We also compute the O(mα^8\ln^3α) corrections to the Hydrogen spectrum.
description: 15 pages, 4 figures, LaTeX, more detailed explanations, added references, computation of the O(m\alpha^8\ln^3\alpha) corrections to the Hydrogen spectrum included. Final version
The impact of biofuel policies on the Brazilian dairy sector
Creators: name: Carvalho, Carvalho R.
name: Richardson, James W.
name: Bryant, Henry L.
name: Carvalho, Carvalho R.
name: Richardson, James W.
name: Bryant, Henry L.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: Policy analysis
subject: dairy market
subject: structural econometric model
subject: partial equilibrium.

description: Brazil is the fourth largest country in milk production and both production and consumption of dairy products are growing fast. However, it is unknown how the dairy sector reacts to exogenous shocks. A structural econometric model of the Brazilian dairy sector is used to analyze the consequences of biofuel policies on the production, consumption, and price of milk. The paper aims to evaluate how the Renewable Fuel Standard policy in the U.S. and the sugar cane policy in Brazil affect the dairy industry in Brazil. The policies are analyzed relative to a ten-year baseline scenario ending in 2022. Data from 1980 to 2012 are used to estimate the Brazilian dairy sector model. Annual equilibrium prices are solved by minimizing the squared difference between supply and demand for four different markets: cheese, butter, milk powder, and fresh dairy products. Both RFS and sugar cane acreage expansion have negative impact on milk production in Brazil and positive effect on consumer price. However, the impact of US’ RFS program is small. The model estimates appear to perform well in representing the actual dairy sector. The milk production forecasts were reasonable and the effects of shocks were well supported by the economic theory.
Measuring Market Power for Marketing Firms: The Case of Japanese Soyabean Markets
Creators: name: Ohno, Konomi
name: Gallagher, Paul
name: Ohno, Konomi
name: Gallagher, Paul
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1992
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This paper extends Bresnhan's market power measure, which can be estiamted exonometrically, to marketing firms that have potential for price discrimination. An investigation of Japanese soyabean markets during 1973-78 using the model reveals an episode in which Japanese importers exercised some market power for several years after the US soyabean embargo of June 1973. An analysis of welfare loss and exchange rate transmission is also presented.
Role of fluctuations in the yielding transition of two-dimensional glasses
Creators: name: Ozawa, Misaki
name: Berthier, Ludovic
name: Biroli, Giulio
name: Tarjus, Gilles
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We numerically study yielding in two-dimensional glasses which are generated with a very wide range of stabilities by swap Monte-Carlo simulations and then slowly deformed at zero temperature. We provide strong numerical evidence that stable glasses yield via a nonequilibrium discontinuous transition in the thermodynamic limit. A critical point separates this brittle yielding from the ductile one observed in less stable glasses. We find that two-dimensional glasses yield similarly to their three-dimensional counterparts but display larger sample-to-sample disorder-induced fluctuations, stronger finite-size effects, and rougher spatial wandering of the observed shear bands. These findings strongly constrain effective theories of yielding.
description: 11 pages, 10 figures
Monodromy in the resonant swing spring
Creators: name: Dullin, H. R.
name: Giacobbe, A.
name: Cushman, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper shows that an integrable approximation of the spring pendulum, when tuned to be in $1:1:2$ resonance, has monodromy. The stepwise precession angle of the swing plane of the resonant spring pendulum is shown to be a rotation number of the integrable approximation. Due to the monodromy, this rotation number is not a globally defined function of the integrals. In fact at lowest order it is given by $\arg(a+ib)$ where $a$ and $b$ are functions of the integrals. The resonant swing spring is therefore a system where monodromy has easily observed physical consequences.
description: 30 pages, 5 figures
A Comparative Study of Soyabean Import Demand in Taiwan and Japan
Creators: name: Woo, Rhung-Jieh
name: Woo, Rhung-Jieh
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1992
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries
Demand and Price Analysis
International Relations/Trade

description: Simultaneous equation models of the soyabean sectors in Japan and Taiwan are developed and estimated through seemingly unrelated regressions. The models integrate domestic supply and demand for soyabeans, soyameal, and soyaoil as well as the livestock market. Based on the established models, the impacts of economic growth and policy simulations on these markets are evaluated and compared by performing dynamic simulation analyses. Growth factors had greater impacts on soyabean import demand than did policy factors, and growth impacts themselves were more significant in Taiwan than in Japan. A 10-percent currency devaluation with respect to the US dollar would only decrease soyabean import demand in Japan and Taiwan by 0.17 and 0.35 percent, respectively. A 10- percent increase in the soyabean support price would stimulate growth in domestic soyabean import plantings of 16-54 percent in Taiwan and 9.93 percent in Japan. A 10-percent increase in Taiwan's net livestock exports or a 10-percent decrease in Japan's net livestock imports would increase soyabean import demand by 0.12 and 0.48 percent, respectively. Increased demand for soyameal and a decline in demand for soyaoil were also noticed. If the profitability of soyabean crushing were improved, soyabean import demand would increase and demand for meal and oil would decrease.
Focusing Surface Acoustic Wave Microcavities on GaAs
Creators: name: Msall, Madeleine E.
name: Santos, Paulo V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Focusing microcavities for surface acoustic waves (SAWs) produce highly localized strain and piezoelectric fields that can dynamically control excitations in nanostructures. Focusing transducers (FIDTs) that generate SAW beams which match nanostructure dimensions require pattern correction due to diffraction and wave velocity anisotropy. The anisotropy correction is normally implemented by adding a quadratic term to the dependence of the wave velocity on propagation angle. We show that SAW focusing to diffraction limited sizes in GaAs requires corrections that more closely follow the group velocity wavefront, which is not a quadratic function. Optical interferometric mapping of the resultant SAW displacement field reveals tightly focused SAW beams on GaAs with a minimal beam waist. An additional set of Gouy phase-corrected passive fingers creates an acoustic microcavity in the focal region with small volume and high quality factor. Our $λ_\mathrm{SAW} = 5.6~μ$m FIDTs are expected to scale well to the $\approx $ 500~nm wavelengths regime needed to study strong coupling between vibrations and electrons in electrostatic GaAs quantum dots.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures
Agricultural Policy Reform in the Pacific Rim: The Case of Japan
Creators: name: Roningen, Vernon O.
name: Dixit, Praveen M.
name: Roningen, Vernon O.
name: Dixit, Praveen M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1992
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
International Development

description: The world trade model used for this study suggests taht Japanese agricultural policies have substantially depressed world rice prices. The study also indicates that such policies have imposed considerable distrotions in Japan's domestic economy, costing consumers and taxpayers nearly $1.73 to provide a dollar of support to agricultural producers. The study concludes that while elimination of agricultural support could considerably lower Japanese agricultural incomes, such losses may not affect the living standards of most farmers because agriculture contributes less than 8 percent of total household incomes for nearly 70 percent of farmers.
Chevenez-Au Breuille (JU) Eine latènezeitliche Siedlung in der Ajoie mit einer singulären Keramikdeponierung. Auswertung eines Areals der Grabungskampagne 2012
Creators: name: Joray, Sophia
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2015
Subjects: iron age
settlement
deposition
building

description: A La Tène period settlement had been discovered on the edge of the village of Chevenez JU in 2012. The western half of the area excavated this year yielded a deposit of 13 completely preserved ceramic vessels placed upside down in a pit. Numerous other structures nearby were associated with two buildings, one of which had replaced the other, probably when it was destroyed by fire. The western half, which was analysed in the thesis, also yielded the remains of other buildings, evidence of iron processing and traces of paths and small ditches. Based on the typochronology, the radiocarbon dating and on the architectural assessment of the later building, it can be dated to the Middle to (early) Late La Tène period. At the present state of research it is not possible to decide whether the settlement consisted of just one or more than one farmstead.
description: unrevised thesis
Search for dijet resonances using events with three jets in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s} =$ 13 TeV
Creators: name: CMS Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A search for a narrow resonance with a mass between 350 and 700 GeV, and decaying into a pair of jets, is performed using proton-proton collision events containing at least three jets. The data sample corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 18.3 fb$^{-1}$ recorded at $\sqrt{s} =$ 13 TeV with the CMS detector. Data are collected with a technique known as "data scouting", in which the events are reconstructed, selected, and recorded at a high rate in a compact form by the high-level trigger. The three-jet final state provides sensitivity to lower resonance masses than in previous searches using the data scouting technique. The spectrum of the dijet invariant mass, calculated from the two jets with the largest transverse momenta in the event, is used to search for a resonance. No significant excess over a smoothly falling background is found. Limits at 95% confidence level are set on the production cross section of a narrow dijet resonance and compared with the cross section of a vector dark matter mediator coupling to dark matter particles and quarks. Translating to a model where the narrow vector resonance interacts only with quarks, upper limits on this coupling range between 0.10 and 0.15, depending on the resonance mass. These results represent the most stringent upper limits in the mass range between 350 and 450 GeV obtained with a flavor-inclusive dijet resonance search.
description: Replaced with the published version. Added the journal reference. All the figures and tables, including additional supplementary figures and tables, can be found at http://cms-results.web.cern.ch/cms-results/public-results/publications/EXO-19-004 (CMS Public Pages)
An empirical infrared transit spectrum of Earth: opacity windows and biosignatures
Creators: name: Macdonald, Evelyn J. R.
name: Cowan, Nicolas B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Atmospheric Chemistry Experiment's Fourier Transform Spectrometer on the SCISAT satellite has been measuring infrared transmission spectra of Earth during Solar occultations since 2004. We use these data to build an infrared transit spectrum of Earth. Regions of low atmospheric opacity, known as windows, are of particular interest, as they permit observations of the planet's lower atmosphere. Even in the absence of clouds or refraction, imperfect transmittance leads to a minimum effective thickness of $h_{min} \approx 4$ km in the 10--12$μ$m opacity window at a spectral resolution of $R=10^3$. Nonetheless, at $R=10^5$, the maximum transmittance at the surface is around 70%. In principle, one can probe the troposphere of an Earth-like planet via high-dispersion transit spectroscopy in the mid-infrared; in practice aerosols and/or refraction likely make this impossible. We simulate the transit spectrum of an Earth-like planet in the TRAPPIST-1 system. We find that a long-term near-infrared campaign with JWST could readily detect CO$_2$, establishing the presence of an atmosphere. A mid-IR campaign or longer NIR campaign would be more challenging, but in principle could detect H$_2$O and the biosignatures O$_3$ and CH$_4$.
description: 9 pages, 7 figures; updated figures 3, 6, and 7 to relabel the CO$_2$ feature at 2.7 $\mu$m; water vapour is more difficult to detect than originally stated
Problems of Transferring Crop-Water Production Function Knowledge to Developing Countries
Creators: name: Soltani, G.R.
name: Pandey, S.
name: Musgrave, W.F.
name: Soltani, G.R.
name: Pandey, S.
name: Musgrave, W.F.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1992
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries
International Development
Land Economics/Use

description: Knowledge of crop response to different moisture conditions is essential for analysing water allocation problems at the farm level. Inadequate experimental data and the time and cost involved in obtaining sufficient data for adequate estimations of yield-water relationships are probably the major bottlenecks in developing countries. One approach to this problem is to transfer water production function knowledge from advanced countries, where several specific forms of water production function models have been developed. It is not possible to transfer empirical production function models because they are site specific, but, among the synthetic partial crop-water response models, those that relate yield to evapotranspiration are transferable to developing countries. Simulation and physiological models are more realistic than partial models, that require a large amount of data.
World Systems Perspectives and Art: A Case Study of the Museum of Contemporary Tibetan Art in the Netherlands
Creators: name: Braden, Laura E.A.
name: Oosterman, Naomi
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Tibet
subject: contemporary art
subject: Non-Western art
subject: museums
subject: 700 Künste, Bildende und angewandte Kunst
subject: 708 Galerein, Museen, Privatsammlungen zur bildenden und angewandten Kunst
subject: 954 Geschichte Südasiens; Indiens
subject: 958 Geschichte Zentralasiens
subject: 702 Verschiedenes zur bildenden und angewandten Kunst
subject: 300 Sozialwissenschaften

description: When examining the evaluation of artworks from non-Western nations, research often focuses on the appropriation of value by those who live in culturally central countries over their peripherally located counterparts. Such expertise often translates to the “discovery” of art in peripheral nations. For example, Price (2001: p. 68) examines “the ‘anonymous’ world of Third World craftsmanship” where “Western observer’s discriminating eye is often treated as if it were the only means by which an ethnographic object could be elevated to the status of a work of art.” However, less work explores how non-Western actors exhibit and represent their country’s artwork within a Western context and to Western audiences. The present research uses a case study to explore the way Tibetan artists and curators have established a museum dedicated to Tibetan art in Northern Europe: the Museum of Contemporary Tibetan Art in Emmen, the Netherlands. The mission of this museum is to introduce and promote the “artistic, cultural and historical matters of Tibetan Art […] reflecting [the] adjustment of Tibetan Art and culture in the West.” This museum is the first in Europe to house and exhibit contemporary Tibetan artworks and officially opened in September 2017. Consequently, our research is the first to examine this museum and proffer analysis of the museum’s strategies for promoting their artwork. Drawing from a world systems perspective, the overall aim of the research is to provide insight into the representation of culturally peripheral, non-Western art in a culturally dominant, Western context.
MOESM1 of A systematic review of instruments for the analysis of national-level physical activity and sedentary behaviour policies
Creators: name: Pogrmilovic, Bojana Klepac
name: Oâ€™Sullivan, Grant
name: Milton, Karen
name: Biddle, Stuart
name: Zeljko Pedisic
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1. Full search syntax used for each database.
Decoherence of Quantum Damped Oscillators
Creators: name: Kim, Sang Pyo
name: Santana, Ademir E.
name: Khanna, F. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum dissipation is studied within two model oscillators, the Caldirola-Kanai (CK) oscillator as an open system with one degree of freedom and the Bateman-Feshbach-Tikochinsky (BFT) oscillator as a closed system with two degrees of freedom. Though these oscillators describe the same classical damped motion, the CK oscillator retains the quantum coherence, whereas the damped subsystem of the BFT oscillator exhibits both quantum decoherence and classical correlation. Furthermore the amplified subsystem of the BFT oscillator shows the same degree of quantum decohernce and classical correlation.
description: RevTex 9 pages; no figures
MOESM2 of A systematic review of instruments for the analysis of national-level physical activity and sedentary behaviour policies
Creators: name: Pogrmilovic, Bojana Klepac
name: Oâ€™Sullivan, Grant
name: Milton, Karen
name: Biddle, Stuart
name: Zeljko Pedisic
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 2. Instruments for the analysis of physical activity and/or sedentary behaviour policies and their description.
A Risk Analysis of Alternative Crop and Irrigation Strategies Using Biophysical Simulations
Creators: name: Featherstone, Allen M.
name: Osunsan, Adeyinka W.
name: Biere, Arlo
name: Featherstone, Allen M.
name: Osunsan, Adeyinka W.
name: Biere, Arlo
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1992
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries
Risk and Uncertainty

description: Combining risk programming with biophysical simulation offers potential benefits for helping farmers in developing countries choose cropping and irrigation strategies or for the study of farmer behaviour. Risk can have a significant impact on the way resources are allocated and should therefore be considered in empirical studies. This study uses risk programming and biophysical simulation models to find the expected utilityMmaximizing irrigation strategy and crop choice for southwestern Kansas farmers. Biophysical simulation models allow the researcher to obtain yield data for a longer time period than is typically available from agronomic studies, and to study risk on a very localized level. Direct expected utility maximization is used to determine the optimal strategies. Results from the study suggest that biophysical simulation models offer a promising avenue to further understanding of the impacts of risk on farm management decisions. Because biophysical simulation models are transferable to different regions of the world, biophysical simulation can be an attractive alternative to conducting risk research in developing countries.
Hilbert-Space Fragmentation from Strict Confinement
Creators: name: Yang, Zhi-Cheng
name: Liu, Fangli
name: Gorshkov, Alexey V.
name: Iadecola, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study one-dimensional spin-1/2 models in which strict confinement of Ising domain walls leads to the fragmentation of Hilbert space into exponentially many disconnected subspaces. Whereas most previous works emphasize dipole moment conservation as an essential ingredient for such fragmentation, we instead require two commuting U(1) conserved quantities associated with the total domain-wall number and the total magnetization. The latter arises naturally from the confinement of domain walls. Remarkably, while some connected components of the Hilbert space thermalize, others are integrable by Bethe ansatz. We further demonstrate how this Hilbert-space fragmentation pattern arises perturbatively in the confining limit of $\mathbb{Z}_2$ gauge theory coupled to fermionic matter, leading to a hierarchy of time scales for motion of the fermions. This model can be realized experimentally in two complementary settings.
description: Updated to published version
Low field vortex matter in YBCO: an atomic beam magnetic resonance study
Creators: name: Hauglin, Harald
name: Woodard, Nathan G.
name: Dapore-Schwartz, Samuel
name: Lafyatis, Gregory P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report measurements of the low field structure of the magnetic vortex lattice in an untwinned YBCO single-crystal platelet. Measurements were carried out using a novel atomic beam magnetic resonance (ABMR) technique. For a 10.7 G field applied parallel to the c-axis of the sample, we find a triangular lattice with orientational order extending across the entire sample. We find the triangular lattice to be weakly distorted by the a-b anisotropy of the material and measure a distortion factor, f = 1.16. Model-experiment comparisons determine a penetration depth, lambda_ab = 140 (+-20) nm. The paper includes the first detailed description of the ABMR technique. We discuss both technical details of the experiment and the modeling used to interpret the measurements.
description: 44 pages, 13 figures, submitted to Phys. Rev. B Revision includes Postscript wrapped figures + minor typos
Brane-skyrmions and wrapped states
Creators: name: Cembranos, J. A. R.
name: Dobado, A.
name: Maroto, A. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the context of a brane world and including an induced curvature term in the brane action, we obtain the effective lagrangian for the Goldstone bosons (branons) associated with the spontaneous breaking of the translational invariance in the bulk. In addition to the branons, this effective action has Skyrmion-like solitonic states which can be understood as holes in the brane. We study their main properties such as mass and size, the Skyrmion-branon interaction and their possible fermionic quantization. We also consider states where the brane is wrapped around the extra dimensions and their relation with the brane-skyrmions. Finally, we extend our results to higher-dimensional branes, such as those appearing in M-theory, where brane-skyrmions could also be present.
description: 35 pages, 7 figures. Revised version. Appendix and new references included. To appear in Phys. Rev. D
MOESM3 of A systematic review of instruments for the analysis of national-level physical activity and sedentary behaviour policies
Creators: name: Pogrmilovic, Bojana Klepac
name: Oâ€™Sullivan, Grant
name: Milton, Karen
name: Biddle, Stuart
name: Zeljko Pedisic
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 3. Sample questions for physical activity policy auditing/assessment.
Macroscopic Dark Matter Constraints from Bolide Camera Networks
Creators: name: Sidhu, Jagjit Singh
name: Starkman, Glenn
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Macroscopic dark matter (macros) are a broad class of alternative candidates to particle dark matter. These candidates would transfer energy primarily through elastic scattering, and this linear energy deposition would produce observable signals if a macro were to pass through the atmosphere. We produce constraints for low mass macros from the null observation of bolides formed by a passing macro, across two extensive networks of cameras built originally to observe meteorites. The parameter space that could be probed with planned upgrades to the existing array of cameras in one of these networks still currently in use, the Desert Fireball Network in Australia, is estimated.
description: 7 pages, 1 figure
A General Approach for Evaluating the Economic Viability of Sustainability of Tropical Cropping Systems
Creators: name: Ehui, Simeon K.
name: Spencer, Dunstan S.C.
name: Ehui, Simeon K.
name: Spencer, Dunstan S.C.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1992
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries

description: This paper presents a methodology for measuring economic viability and agricultural sustainability for new technology evaluation. The approach is based on the concept of interspatial and intertemporal total factor productivity, paying particular attention to the valuation of natural resource stocks and flows. Using a set of data available at the International Institute of Tropical Agriculture, the model is demonstrated by computing the intertemporal and interspatial total factor productivity indices for four cropping systems in southwestern Nigeria. Results show that the sustainability and economic viability measures are sensitive to changes in the stock of nutrients as well as to changes in material input uses and outputs. When common property resource flows are important, the measures provide markedly different results from conventional total factor productivity approaches.
MOESM1 of Resazurin assay for assessment of antimicrobial properties of electrospun nanofiber filtration membranes
Creators: name: Travnickova, Eva
name: Premysl Mikula
name: Oprsal, Jakub
name: Bohacova, Marie
name: Kubac, Lubomir
name: Dusan Kimmer
name: Soukupova, Jana
name: Bittner, Michal
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1. Additional Materials S1, S2, S3
Probing TeV-scale gauge unification by hadronic collisions
Creators: name: Balazs, C.
name: Laforge, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Grand unified theories (GUTs) and extra dimensions are potential ingredients of the new physics that may resolve various outstanding problems of the Standard Model. If the inverse size of (one of) the extra dimension(s) is smaller than the GUT scale and standard gauge bosons are allowed to propagate in the bulk then, among other consequences, the evolution of the gauge couplings deviates from the usual logarithmic running somewhat below and between these two scales. In this work, we show that if the compactification scale is the order of 10 TeV, then this modified running may be observable at the CERN Large Hadron Collider in the dijet invariant mass distribution. We also demonstrate that dijets are highly sensitive to the renormalization effects of the extra dimensions, and are potential tools for determining the number of dimensions and the value of the compactification scale.
description: 10 pages, 2 figures, using JHEP style
Oil charge history of Paleogene–Eocene reservoir in the Termit Basin (Niger)
Creators: name: J. Liu
name: G. Zhang
name: Z. Li
name: Y. Tang
name: H. Xiao
name: H. Lai
name: C. Yang
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer

description: A total of 73 oils from the sandstone reservoir of Paleocene–Eocene Sokor 1 Formation in the Termit Basin (eastern Niger) were analysed to investigate the distribution characteristics of biomarkers. Most of the oil samples are quite similar in their organic geochemical characteristics and should have been derived from the same source bed/source kitchen. The homogenisation temperatures of aqueous inclusions in Paleocene–Eocene reservoir of the Termit Basin vary with a range of 76–125 °C. By combining the homogenisation temperatures with the burial and geothermal histories reconstructed by 1-dimensional basin modelling, the timing and episode of oil charge can be obtained, i.e. 13 to 0 Ma for Paleocene–Eocene reservoirs in the Termit Basin. Two presentative geochemical parameters, i.e. Ts / (Ts + Tm) and 2,4-dibenzothiophene/1,4-dibenzothiophene (2,4-DMDBT/1,4-DMDBT) were applied to trace the oil migration direction and filling pathway. The preferred oil-filling points in the northwest section of the Termit Basin were determined, and the promising exploratory targets were proposed for further oil exploration in this region.
Scheme for the generation of an entangled four-photon W-state
Creators: name: Zou, XuBo
name: Pahlke, K.
name: Mathis, W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a scheme to produce an entangled four-photon W-state by using linear optical elements. The symmetrical setup of linear optical elements consists of four beam splitters, four polarization beam splitters and four mirrors. A photon EPR-pair and two single photons are required as the input modes. The projection on the W-state can be made by a four-photon coincidence measurement. Further, we show that by means of a horizontally oriented polarizer in front of one detector the W-state of three photons can be generated.
description: titile is changed, to appear in PRA
Untersuchungen zur Vereinfachung biomechanisch inspirierter Strukturoptimierung
Creators: name: Sauer, Alexander
Publisher: name: Universität Karlsruhe
Year: 2008

description: Von der Gestalt und dem Wachstumsprozess biologischer Organismen werden in dieser Arbeit Strategien zur Strukturoptimierung entwickelt. Als erstes wird das Topologieoptimierungsprogramm "Soft Kill Option" dahingehend erweitert, dass nun reine zug- oder druckbelastete Strukturen erstellt werden können. Das andere betrachtete Verfahren betrifft die Methode der Zugdreiecke. Dies ist ein graphisches und einfaches Verfahren um kraftflussgerechte Konturen zu erstellen.
Local Variational Principle
Creators: name: Predescu, Cristian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A generalization of the Gibbs-Bogoliubov-Feynman inequality for spinless particles is proven and then illustrated for the simple model of a symmetric double-well quartic potential. The method gives a pointwise lower bound for the finite-temperature density matrix and it can be systematically improved by the Trotter composition rule. It is also shown to produce groundstate energies better than the ones given by the Rayleigh-Ritz principle as applied to the groundstate eigenfunctions of the reference potentials. Based on this observation, it is argued that the Local Variational Principle performs better than the equivalent methods based on the centroid path idea and on the Gibbs-Bogoliubov-Feynman variational principle, especially in the range of low temperatures.
description: 15 pages, 5 figures, one more section added
Chiral magnetic response to arbitrary axial imbalance
Creators: name: Horvath, Miklos
name: Hou, Defu
name: Liao, Jinfeng
name: Ren, Hai-cang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The response of chiral fermions to time and space dependent axial imbalance & constant magnetic field is analyzed. The axialvector-vector-vector (AVV) three-point function is studied using a real-time approach at finite temperature in the weak external field approximation. The chiral magnetic conductivity is given analytically for noninteracting fermions. It is pointed out that local charge conservation plays an important role when the axial imbalance is inhomogeneous. Proper regularization is needed which makes the constant axial imbalance limit delicate: for static but spatially oscillating chiral charge the current of the chiral magnetic effect (CME) vanishes. In the homogeneous (but possible time-dependent) limit of the axial imbalance the CME current is determined solely by the chiral anomaly. As a phenomenological consequence, the observability of the charge asymmetry caused by the CME turns out to be a matter of interplay between various scales of the system. Possible plasma instabilities resulting from the gradient corrections to the CME current are also pointed out.
description: 21 pages, 5 figures. v2: substantial changes of text, fig. 3 updated, practically matches journal version
Wissensextraktion zum datengetriebenen Qualitätsmanagement
Creators: name: Strobel, Christian Manuel
Publisher: name: Universität Karlsruhe
Year: 2009
Subjects: Qualitätsfähigkeitsindex
Qualitätsoptimierung
Data Mining
Assoziationsregeln
Multiple Hypothesenproblem

description: In der vorliegenden Dissertation werden zwei neue Data Mining Verfahren und Metho-den zur Extraktion von qualitätsrelevantem Wissen vorgestellt und mit Anwendungen aus der Automobilbranche evaluiert. Diese neuartigen Verfahren erlauben es, in Abhän-gigkeit der zugrunde liegenden Datentypen, signifikante Zusammenhänge zwischen qualitätsbeschreibenden und -messenden Daten, die entlang des Wertschöpfungspro-zesses eines Unternehmens für ein Produkt erfasst werden, zu identifizieren.
Political Economy of Medical Food Reimbursement
Creators: name: Adelaja, Adesoji O.
name: Patel, Amish
name: Hailu, Yohannes G.
name: Adelaja, Adesoji O.
name: Patel, Amish
name: Hailu, Yohannes G.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
Health Economics and Policy
Political Economy

description: Medical foods, which fall in the gray area between food and drugs, are a necessity for persons with inborn errors of metabolism. Being more expensive than regular foods, some U.S. states have mandated insurance companies to provide coverage for the afflicted community. To investigate the legislative adoption process, this paper develops a political economy model of medical food reimbursement and coverage policy. Analytical cross-state logit regression models confirm the positive influences of metabolic clinics and the political clout of the afflicted community on the probability of adoption. The countervailing interest of the insurance industry and the afflicted community were also confirmed. Results suggest that efforts by medical food companies to influence the political process could yield food market and distribution channel opportunities in states contemplating legislative adoption.
Functional renormalization group approach to color superconducting phase transition
Creators: name: Fejos, G.
name: Yamamoto, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the order of the color superconducting phase transition using the functional renormalization group approach. We analyze the Ginzburg-Landau effective theory of color superconductivity and more generic scalar $SU(N_c)$ gauge theories by calculating the $β$ function of the gauge coupling in arbitrary dimension $d$ based on two different regularization schemes. We find that in $d=3$, due to gluon fluctuation effects, the $β$ function never admits an infrared fixed point solution. This indicates that, unlike the ordinary superconducting transition, color superconductivity can only show a first-order phase transition.
description: 16 pages, matches published version
Experimentally Testing Institutions And Policy Instruments To Coordinate Groundwater Recharge in the Coleambally Irrigation Area
Creators: name: Ward, John
name: Tisdell, John G.
name: Whitten, Stuart M.
name: Ward, John
name: Tisdell, John G.
name: Whitten, Stuart M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: Environmental Economics and Policy
Financial Economics
Political Economy
Resource /Energy Economics and Policy

description: A rising saline aquifer in the Coleambally Irrigation Area constitutes a common pool resource, characterised by costly exclusion and rival utilisation for regional irrigators. The approach outlined in general terms in this paper is the application of formal, empirical techniques to guide the design and a priori testing of a proposed tradeable recharge entitlements scheme to resolve the common pool dilemma. The focus of the research is the design and quantitative evaluation of potential market impediment solutions and alternative coordinating mechanisms applying the findings of experimental economics techniques. The initial policy design process involved identifying potential impediments to the functioning of a credit trade policy which could prevent cost-effective and environmentally effective outcomes. The SWAGMAN recharge model was employed as a recharge accounting tool to determine farm specific recharge rates as a function of irrigation application, crop mix and the spatial location of the farm in the Coleambally landscape. The experimental setting relies on a context rich catchment analogue, which represents the economic decision-making and trading environment facing farmers, populated with the salient biophysical, economic and hydrological characteristics estimated for proposed land use changes. Observed behavioural responses to policy initiatives were compared according to three metrics: aggregate groundwater recharge, farm income (expressed as player payments) net of non-compliance penalties and market outcomes. The rationale and experimental design of three treatments to test the efficacy of institutional arrangements to overcome identified impediments is outlined; the provision of recharge information, the introduction of a recharge cap and market exchange of tradeable recharge credits and the face to face communication. The conclusions focus on the application of the experimental results in the specification of a potential groundwater recharge management contract and the challenges for a successful implementation with local constituency.
Quantum origin of the Minkowski space
Creators: name: Plewa, Grzegorz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that D=4 Minkowski space is an emergent concept related to a class of operators in extended Hilbert space with no positive-definite scalar product. We start with the idea of position-like and momentum-like operators (Plewa 2019 J. Phys. A: Math. Theor. 52 375401), introduced discussing a connection between quantum entanglement and geometry predicted by ER=EPR conjecture. We examine eigenequations of the simplest operators and identify D=4 Minkowski space as to be spanned by normalized eigenvectors corresponding to the zero eigenvalue. Both spacetime dimension and signature of the metric are fixed by the regularization procedure. We generalize the result to the case of more general operators, being analogues to quantum fields. We reproduce the Minkowski space again, however, now in a holographic way, as being identified with the conformal boundary of $AdS_5$. We observe an interesting analogy to string theory and, in particular, to AdS/CFT correspondence.
description: typos corrected
Top quark associated production of topcolor pions at hadron colliders
Creators: name: Leibovich, Adam K.
name: Rainwater, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the associated production of a neutral physical pion with top quarks in the context of topcolor assisted technicolor. We find that single-top associated production does not yield viable rates at either the Tevatron or LHC. tt-associated production at the Tevatron is suppressed relative to Standard Model ttH, but at the LHC is strongly enhanced and would allow for easy observation of the main decay channels to bottom quarks, and possible observation of the decay to gluons.
description: 13 pages, 4 figures, submitted to PRD
Chaotic Combustion in Spark Ignition Engines
Creators: name: Wendeker, M.
name: Czarnigowski, J.
name: Litak, G.
name: Szabelski, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyse the combustion process in a spark ignition engine using the experimental data of an internal pressure during the combustion process and show that the system can be driven to chaotic behaviour. Our conclusion is based on the observation of unperiodicity in the time series, suitable stroboscopic maps and a complex structure of a reconstructed strange attractor. This analysis can explain that in some circumstances the level of noise in spark ignition engines increases considerably due to nonlinear dynamics of a combustion process.
description: 5 pages, figures can be obtained from http://archimedes.pol.lublin.pl/~raf/graf/figures.pdf
Legal Definitions of Taxation Terms – Implications for the Design of Environmental Taxes and Charges
Creators: name: Weier, Annette
name: Weier, Annette
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: Environmental Economics and Policy
Financial Economics

description: Legal distinctions between taxes, excises and charges, and constitutional provisions, have important implications for the design and imposition of environmental taxes, charges and regulations. This paper examines the legal definitions of various types of taxes, including levies and excise duties, as well as other imposts like user charges and penalties. It highlights the constitutional constraints on state revenue raising through excise duties, and the constitutional requirement that Commonwealth Government taxes do not discriminate between states. Implications for the levying of environmental taxes and charges are identified.
Anomalies in Quantum Mechanics: the 1/r^2 Potential
Creators: name: Coon, Sidney A.
name: Holstein, Barry R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An anomaly is said to occur when a symmetry that is valid classically becomes broken as a result of quantization. Although most manifestations of this phenomenon are in the context of quantum field theory, there are at least two cases in quantum mechanics--the two dimensional delta function interaction and the 1/r^2 potential. The former has been treated in this journal; in this article we discuss the physics of the latter together with experimental consequences.
description: 16 page latex file; to be published in Am. J. Phys