cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Risk Analysis in Selected European and International Food Chains
Creators: name: Ameseder, Christoph
name: Haas, Rainer
name: Fritz, Melanie
name: Schiefer, Gerhard
name: Ameseder, Christoph
name: Haas, Rainer
name: Fritz, Melanie
name: Schiefer, Gerhard
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Farm Management
subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: Industrial Organization
subject: Institutional and Behavioral Economics
subject: Risk and Uncertainty
subject: risk
subject: risk analysis
subject: supply chain
subject: food
subject: risk map
subject: risk classification

description: The purpose of this study is to assess and evaluate the most important risks in selected European and international food chains from the perspective of the buying company. The primary objective is to identify the “non-acceptable” risks in terms of damage potential and likelihood of occurrence of value chains in the sectors grain, meat, fruit and vegetable, and olive oil. Data was collected by each partner of the European research project “e-trust” (FP6-CT-2006-043056) by conducting 81 qualitative expert interviews with business leaders in Europe (Austria, Germany, Greece, Italy, Slovenia, Spain) as well as in Brazil, Turkey, and the USA. The study focuses on a wider supply chain or network perspective for the risk assessment. Methodically the assessed risks were classified and then evaluated using a risk map matrix. Results point out nonacceptable risks and show the differences concerning the risk evaluation in the different value chains. Results provide interesting supply chain management approaches in these sectors.
Functional studies of grasshopper semaphorin-2A
Creators: name: Boileau, Ève
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: One family of neuronal guidance cues used by growth cones to pathfind correctly is the semaphorin family. Although most members function as inhibitory guidance cues, the grasshopper semaphorin-1a is attractive. Previous experiments in Drosophila and grasshopper have suggested that semaphorin-2a is a neuronal repulsive guidance cue, however, in both cases the results have been equivocal. In this thesis, I directly test the function of grasshopper semaphorin-2a in vivo, while presenting ectopic sources of semaphorin-2a during the neuroembryonic development of grasshoppers. In addition, as a first approximation to determine protein regions used for function, I analysed whether a chimeric semaphorin that contains the transmembrane and the cytoplasmic domains of semaphorin-1a and the semaphorin domain of semaphorin-2a functions like the wild type semaphorin-2a. I found that the addition of cells expressing both the chimera and the wild type Sema-2a significantly increases the proportion of misguided growth cones in the developing peripheral nervous system. Grasshoppers cultured with semaphorin-2a expressing cells showed a significant increase in errors with misguidance apparent in 79% of the pathway analyzed. Similarly, chimera expressing cells induced misguidance in 84% of the cases. Misguidance-errors were categorised into four groups: dorsal projections, axon defasciculation, growth impairment and emergence of multiple axon sprouts directed away from expressing cells. The proportion of the phenotypes-induced are hot significantly different whether full length of semaphorin-2a or chimera expressing cells were placed in the limb and all phenotypes suggest that semaphorin-2a and the chimera protein both function as repulsive guidance cues in the developing peripheral nervous system. This data shows that the semaphorin domain of Sema-2a is sufficient for its repulsive function and that the generation of a transmembrane version of this protein does not perturb this function.
The Molonglo Southern 4 Jy sample (MS4). I. Definition
Creators: name: Burgess, A. M.
name: Hunstead, R. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have defined a complete sample of 228 southern radio sources at 408 MHz with integrated flux densities S_408 > 4.0 Jy, Galactic latitude |b| > 10 deg and declination -85 deg < delta < -30 deg. The main finding survey used was the Molonglo Reference Catalogue. We describe in detail how the Molonglo Southern 4 Jy sample (MS4) was assembled and its completeness assessed. Sources in the sample were imaged at 843 MHz with the Molonglo Observatory Synthesis Telescope to obtain positions accurate to about 1 arcsec, as well as flux densities and angular sizes; follow-up radio and optical observations are presented in Paper II. Radio spectra for the MS4 have been compiled from the literature and used to estimate flux densities at 178 MHz. The strong-source subset of MS4, with S_178 > 10.9 Jy (SMS4), provides a southern sample closely equivalent to the well-studied northern 3CRR sample. Comparison of SMS4 with 3CRR shows a reassuring similarity in source density and median flux density between the two samples.
description: 59 pages, 5 Postscript figures. To appear in Astronomical Journal. For a higher-resolution version of Figure 2, see http://www.physics.usyd.edu.au/astrop/rwh/ms4/
Rotating 4D Gauss-Bonnet black hole as particle accelerator
Creators: name: Kumara, A. Naveena
name: Rizwan, C. L. Ahmed
name: Hegde, Kartheek
name: Ali, Md Sabir
name: M, Ajith K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate that the four-dimensional Gauss-Bonnet black hole can act as a particle accelerator with arbitrarily high centre-of-mass energy, during the collision of two general particles near the event horizon. The Gauss-Bonnet coupling constant $α$, provides a deviation in the results from that of Kerr black hole. Our results show that the horizon structure, the range of allowed angular momentum and the critical angular momentum depend on the value of $α$. For extremal cases, the centre-of-mass energy diverges near the horizon, suggesting that Gauss-Bonnet black hole can also act as a particle accelerator like a Kerr black hole. This is interesting in the context of probing the Planck scale physics. For the non-extremal case there exists a finite upper bound on the centre-of-mass energy, the maximal value of which depends on the parameter $α$.
description: 17 pages, 4 figures
Superspreading events suggest aerosol transmission of SARS-CoV-2 by accumulation in enclosed spaces
Creators: name: Kolinski, John M.
name: Schneider, Tobias M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Viral transmission pathways have profound implications for public safety; it is thus imperative to establish a complete understanding of viable infectious avenues. Mounting evidence suggests SARS-CoV-2 can be transmitted via the air; however, this has not yet been demonstrated. Here we quantitatively analyze virion accumulation by accounting for aerosolized virion emission and destabilization. Reported superspreading events analyzed within this framework point towards aerosol mediated transmission of SARS-CoV-2. Virion exposure calculated for these events is found to trace out a single value, suggesting a universal minimum infective dose (MID) via aerosol that is comparable to the MIDs measured for other respiratory viruses; thus, the consistent infectious exposure levels and their commensurability to known aerosol-MIDs establishes the plausibility of aerosol transmission of SARS-CoV-2. Using filtration at a rate exceeding the destabilization rate of aerosolized SARS-CoV-2 can reduce exposure below this infective dose.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures
Non-local finite-depth circuits for constructing SPT states and quantum cellular automata
Creators: name: Stephen, David T.
name: Dua, Arpit
name: Lavasani, Ali
name: Nandkishore, Rahul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Whether a given target state can be prepared by starting with a simple product state and acting with a finite-depth quantum circuit is a key question in condensed matter physics and quantum information science. It underpins classifications of topological phases, as well as the understanding of topological quantum codes, and has obvious relevance for device implementations. Traditionally, this question assumes that the quantum circuit is made up of unitary gates that are geometrically local. Inspired by the advent of noisy intermediate-scale quantum devices, we reconsider this question with $k$-local gates, i.e. gates that act on no more than $k$ degrees of freedom, but are not restricted to be geometrically local. First, we construct explicit finite-depth circuits of symmetric $k$-local gates which create symmetry-protected topological (SPT) states from an initial a product state. Our construction applies both to SPT states protected by global symmetries and subsystem symmetries, but not to those with higher-form symmetries, which we conjecture remain nontrivial. Next, we show how to implement arbitrary translationally invariant quantum cellular automata (QCA) in any dimension using finite-depth circuits of $k$-local gates. These results imply that the topological classifications of SPT phases and QCA both collapse to a single trivial phase in the presence of $k$-local interactions. We furthermore argue that SPT phases are fragile to generic $k$-local symmetric perturbations. We conclude by discussing the implications for other phases, such as fracton phases, and surveying future directions. Our analysis opens a new experimentally motivated conceptual direction examining the stability of phases and the feasibility of state preparation without the assumption of geometric locality.
description: V4: Published version V3: Minor clarifications added V2: Added Section on stability to generic perturbations and new Appendices B and E
Gravity from Local Lorentz Violation
Creators: name: Kostelecky, Alan
name: Potting, Robertus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In general relativity, gravitational waves propagate at the speed of light, and so gravitons are massless. The masslessness can be traced to symmetry under diffeomorphisms. However, another elegant possibility exists: masslessness can instead arise from spontaneous violation of local Lorentz invariance. We construct the corresponding theory of gravity. It reproduces the Einstein-Hilbert action of general relativity at low energies and temperatures. Detectable signals occur for sensitive experiments, and potentially profound implications emerge for our theoretical understanding of gravity.
description: 6 pages, accepted in General Relativity and Gravitation
Additional file 2 of Therapeutic pulmonary telerehabilitation protocol for patients affected by COVID-19, confined to their homes: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Creators: name: Gonzalez-Gerez, Juan Jose
name: Bernal-Utrera, Carlos
name: Anarte-Lazo, Ernesto
name: Garcia-Vidal, Jose Antonio
name: Botella-Rico, Jose Martin
name: Cleofas Rodriguez-Blanco
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 2. Appendix 2. Checklist for telephone monitoring.
On radicals of Novikov algebras
Creators: name: Panasenko, A. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 17D25 (Primary) 17A65, 17A60 (Secondary)

description: We show that in a prime nonassociative Novikov algebra every nonzero ideal is non-associative. We prove that Baer (and Andrunakievich) radical and left quasiregular radical coincide in finite dimensional Novikov algebras over a field of characteristic 0 or algebraically closed field of odd characteristic. We show non-existence of right quasiregular radical in finite dimensional Novikov algebras.
description: 12 pages
Differentiable Expected Hypervolume Improvement for Parallel Multi-Objective Bayesian Optimization
Creators: name: Daulton, Samuel
name: Balandat, Maximilian
name: Bakshy, Eytan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In many real-world scenarios, decision makers seek to efficiently optimize multiple competing objectives in a sample-efficient fashion. Multi-objective Bayesian optimization (BO) is a common approach, but many of the best-performing acquisition functions do not have known analytic gradients and suffer from high computational overhead. We leverage recent advances in programming models and hardware acceleration for multi-objective BO using Expected Hypervolume Improvement (EHVI)---an algorithm notorious for its high computational complexity. We derive a novel formulation of q-Expected Hypervolume Improvement (qEHVI), an acquisition function that extends EHVI to the parallel, constrained evaluation setting. qEHVI is an exact computation of the joint EHVI of q new candidate points (up to Monte-Carlo (MC) integration error). Whereas previous EHVI formulations rely on gradient-free acquisition optimization or approximated gradients, we compute exact gradients of the MC estimator via auto-differentiation, thereby enabling efficient and effective optimization using first-order and quasi-second-order methods. Our empirical evaluation demonstrates that qEHVI is computationally tractable in many practical scenarios and outperforms state-of-the-art multi-objective BO algorithms at a fraction of their wall time.
description: To appear in Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems 33, 2020. Code is available at https://github.com/pytorch/botorch
The Spin Interaction of a Dirac Particle in an Aharonov-Bohm Potential in First Order Scattering
Creators: name: Albeed, A.
name: Shikakhwa, M. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: For a Dirac particle in an Aharonov-Bohm (AB) potential, it is shown that the spin interaction (SI) operator which governs the transitions in the spin sector of the first order S-matrix is related to one of the generators of rotation in the spin space of the particle. This operator, which is given by the projection of the spin operator $\mathbfΣ$ along the direction of the total momentum of the system, and the two operators constructed from the projections of the $\mathbfΣ$ operator along the momentum transfer and the z-directions close the SU(2) algebra.It is suggested, then, that these two directions of the total momentum and the momentum transfer form some sort of natural intrinsic directions in terms of which the spin dynamics of the scattering process at first order can be formulated conveniently. A formulation and an interpretation of the conservation of helicity at first order using the spin projection operators along these directions is presented .
description: 9 pages, two figures.Published version. Title and content slightly modified
Additional file 3 of Therapeutic pulmonary telerehabilitation protocol for patients affected by COVID-19, confined to their homes: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Creators: name: Gonzalez-Gerez, Juan Jose
name: Bernal-Utrera, Carlos
name: Anarte-Lazo, Ernesto
name: Garcia-Vidal, Jose Antonio
name: Botella-Rico, Jose Martin
name: Cleofas Rodriguez-Blanco
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 3. SPIRIT 2013 Checklist: Recommended items to address in a clinical trial protocol and related document.
Asistencia docente y rendimiento escolar: el caso del Programa META
Creators: name: Cueto, Santiago
name: Torero, Maximo
name: Deustua, Juan Leon Y Jose
name: Cueto, Santiago
name: Torero, Maximo
name: Deustua, Juan Leon Y Jose
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession
subject: Docentes
subject: Rendimiento escolar
subject: Teachers
subject: Academic achievement
subject: Peru

description: A mediados del 2003 el Ministerio de Educación inició un programa piloto cuyo objetivo fue incrementar la asistencia diaria y la permanencia en clase de los docentes a través de un sistema de incentivos para los maestros en algunas zonas rurales del Perú. Los docentes que lograran la META (nombre con el que fue rebautizado el programa Mejor Educación a través de más Tiempo en el Aula el 2004) recibirían un incentivo monetario. El programa fue continuado durante el año 2004, pero además de la asistencia docente, se recogieron datos sobre el rendimiento de los estudiantes en comprensión de lectura y matemática (las pruebas fueron administradas a inicios y fin del año escolar, de modo que se pudiera estimar el crecimiento en rendimiento). El estudio encontró que la realización del programa tuvo un impacto positivo en la asistencia de los docentes. El efecto del programa en el rendimiento es menos claro, aunque se observa una tendencia a una asociación positiva. Si bien el programa ha sido descontinuado, en el presente documento se analizan algunas implicancias de políticas para programas de incentivos a favor de los docentes (por ejemplo, que se vinculen los incentivos con programas de desarrollo profesional). En cualquier caso, estas iniciativas deberían estar vinculadas a la Ley de Carrera Pública Magisterial, que está siendo implementada paulatinamente por el Ministerio de Educación.
Anomalous Fano Resonance in Double Quantum Dot System Coupled to Superconductor
Creators: name: Barański, Jan
name: Zienkiewicz, Tomasz
name: Barańska, Magdalena
name: Kapcia, Konrad Jerzy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the influence of a local pairing on the quantum interference in nanoscopic systems. As a model system we choose the double quantum dot coupled to one metallic and one superconducting electrode in the T-shape geometry. The analysis is particularly valuable for systems containing coupled objects with considerably different broadening of energy levels. In such systems, the scattering of itinerant electrons on a discrete (or narrow) energy level gives rise to the Fano-type interference. Systems with induced superconducting order, along well understood Fano resonances, exhibit also another features on the opposite side of the Fermi level. The lineshape of these resonances differs significantly from their reflection on the opposite side of the Fermi level, and their origin was not fully understood. Here, considering the spin-polarized tunneling model, we explain a microscopic mechanism of a formation of these resonances and discuss the nature of their uncommon lineshapes. We show that the anomalous Fano profiles originate solely from the pairing of nonscattered electrons with scattered ones. We investigate also the interplay of each type of resonances with the Kondo physics and discuss the resonant features in differential conductivity.
description: 16 pages, 7 figures; wlscirep pdfLaTeX class. This is author-created e-print version of the article published in Scientific Reports
Global angular momentum generation in heavy-ion reactions within a hadronic transport approach
Creators: name: Sass, Nils
name: Müller, Marco
name: Garcia-Montero, Oscar
name: Elfner, Hannah
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In 2017, the STAR collaboration at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) has measured finite global angular momentum in heavy-ion collisions through a spin polarization measurement of $Λ$ hyperons. This measurement revealed a high angular momentum of the heavy ions and provided experimental evidence for vorticity in the quark-gluon plasma (QGP) for the first time. In order to investigate the underlying mechanisms, a dynamic description of the transfer of angular momentum is required. In this work, the microscopic non-equilibrium transport approach SMASH (Simulating Many Accelerated Strongly-interacting Hadrons) is applied to study the generation of global angular momentum by the interaction of two nuclei. As SMASH provides access to the whole phase-space evolution of every particle at any given time, it allows to assess the fraction of angular momentum generated in the fireball by all participants. We confirm the previous modeling by Becattini \textit{et al} within a geometric Glauber model approach, which found that the angular momentum transfer reaches a unique maximum in mid-central collisions during time evolution. The corresponding impact parameter is around $b=4-6$ fm for all beam energies from $\sqrt{s_{\rm NN}}=2.41-200$ GeV. Even though angular momentum is not conserved locally in the transport approach a priori, we identify the contributions to the conservation violation and propose optimal setups for different energy regimes that recover conservation, based upon the test particle method and the treatment of Fermi motion. Furthermore, the system size and centrality dependence are investigated.
description: 8 pages, 6 figures
Holographic Description of AdS Cosmologies
Creators: name: Hertog, Thomas
name: Horowitz, Gary T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: To gain insight in the quantum nature of the big bang, we study the dual field theory description of asymptotically anti-de Sitter solutions of supergravity that have cosmological singularities. The dual theories do not appear to have a stable ground state. One regularization of the theory causes the cosmological singularities in the bulk to turn into giant black holes with scalar hair. We interpret these hairy black holes in the dual field theory and use them to compute a finite temperature effective potential. In our study of the field theory evolution, we find no evidence for a "bounce" from a big crunch to a big bang. Instead, it appears that the big bang is a rare fluctuation from a generic equilibrium quantum gravity state.
description: 34 pages, 8 figures, v2: minor changes, references added
Diet Items and SARS-Cov-2 Infection Rate: An Empirical Regression Analysis and Study
Creators: name: Besharati, Mohammad Reza
name: Izadi, Mohammad
name: Alireza Talebpour
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Empirical, Regression Analysis, Study, SARS-Cov-2, COVID-19, Infection Rate, families, Diet, Dietary, Dietary Regime, Turmeric, Probiotic, Local Dairy, broth, traditional herbal decoctions, Natural Honey, Natural Sesame cream, Ramadan, Fasting, apples, apple juice, Natural Grape Syrup, Natural Date Syrup, rose water, dates, Sugar, Soda, Soft Drinks, fried foods, fast food, Fish Meat

description: Diet Items and SARS-Cov-2 Infection Rate: An Empirical Regression analysis and study Based on 7 groups, each of 500 families (totally more than 3500 Iranian families). Based on COVID-19 Infection status of families and their Dietary Regime. Results: 1- Sugar, Soda, High consumption of fried foods and High Consumption of Fish Meat are Harmful. 2- These Dietary Items are protective: Turmeric - Probiotic Local Dairy Products - Weekly consumption of broth - Consumption of traditional herbal decoctions - Natural Honey - Natural Sesame cream and its products - Ramadan Fasting - Rajab and Shaban Fasting - High consumption of apples or apple juice - Natural Grape Syrup - Natural Date Syrup - Consume rose water once a few days in food and drink at home - Consumption of dates (once or twice a day)
Impact of a Rapid Diluted Energy Density on the halo mass function
Creators: name: Gomez-Navarro, Dante V.
name: Aviles, Alejandro
name: de la Macorra, Axel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study dark energy cosmological models, extensions of the standard model of particles, characterized by having an extra relativistic energy density at very early times, and that rapidly dilute after a phase transition occurs. These models generate well localized features (or bumps) in the matter power spectrum for modes crossing the horizon around and before the phase transition epoch. This is because the presence of the additional energy component enhances the growth of matter fluctuations during the radiation dominated epoch. Instead of considering a particular model, we focus on a parametric family of Gaussian bumps in the matter power spectrum, which otherwise would be a $Λ$CDM one. We study the evolution of such bump cosmologies and their effects in the halo mass function and halo power spectrum using N-body simulations, the halo-model based HMcode method, and the peak background split framework. The bumps are subject to different nonlinear effects that become physically well understood, and from them we are able to predict that the most distinctive features will show up for intermediate halo masses $10^{12.3} \,h^{-1}M_{\odot} < M < 10^{13.6} \,h^{-1}M_{\odot}$. Out of this range, we expect halos are not significantly affected regardless of the location of the primordial bump in the matter power spectrum. Our analytical results are accurate and in very satisfactory agreement with the simulated data.
description: 17 pages, 7 figures
Additional file 1 of Therapeutic pulmonary telerehabilitation protocol for patients affected by COVID-19, confined to their homes: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Creators: name: Gonzalez-Gerez, Juan Jose
name: Bernal-Utrera, Carlos
name: Anarte-Lazo, Ernesto
name: Garcia-Vidal, Jose Antonio
name: Botella-Rico, Jose Martin
name: Cleofas Rodriguez-Blanco
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1. Appendix 1. Respiratory Exercise Program and Non-specific Toning Exercise Program.
Magnetostriction in elastomers with mixtures of magnetically hard and soft microparticles: effects of non-linear magnetization and matrix rigidity
Creators: name: Stolbov, Oleg V.
name: Sánchez, Pedro A.
name: Kantorovich, Sofia S.
name: Raikher, Yuriy L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this contribution a magnetoactive elastomer (MAE) of mixed content, i.e., a polymer matrix filled with a mixture of magnetically soft and magnetically hard spherical particles, is considered. The object we focus at is an elementary unit of this composite, for which we take a set consisting of a permanent spherical micromagnet surrounded by an elastomer layer filled with magnetically soft microparticles. We present a comparative treatment of this unit from two essentially different viewpoints. The first one is a coarse-grained molecular dynamics simulation model, which presents the composite as a bead-spring assembly and is able to deliver information of all the microstructural changes of the assembly. The second approach is entirely based on the continuum magnetomechanical description of the system, whose direct yield is the macroscopic field-induced response of the MAE to external field, as this model ignores all the microstructural details of the magnetization process. We find that, differing in certain details, both frameworks are coherent in predicting that a unit comprising magnetically soft and hard particles may display a non-trivial re-entrant (prolate/oblate/prolate) axial deformation under variation of the applied field strength. The flexibility of the proposed combination of the two complementary frameworks enables us to look deeper into the manifestation of the magnetic response: with respect to the magnetically soft particles, we compare the linear regime of magnetization to that with saturation, which we describe by the Fröhlich-Kennelly approximation; with respect to the polymer matrix, we analyze the dependence of the re-rentrant deformation on its rigidity.
Deformation Theory of Asymptotically Conical Coassociative 4-folds
Creators: name: Lotay, Jason
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53C38

description: We study coassociative 4-folds N in R^7 which are asymptotically conical to a cone C with rate lambda<1. If lambda is in the interval [-2,1) and generic, we show that the moduli space of coassociative deformations of N which are also asymptotically conical to C with rate lambda is a smooth manifold, and we calculate its dimension. If lambda
description: 50 pages, LaTeX; v2: numerous presentation improvements and changes, some general theory of elliptic operators between weighted Banach spaces added to aid the reader; v3: further results included and proofs streamlined
Atomistic simulations of the interaction of basal dislocations with MgZn$_2$ precipitates in Mg alloys
Creators: name: Esteban-Manzanares, G.
name: Alizadeh, R.
name: Papadimitriou, I.
name: Dickel, D.
name: Barrett, C. D.
name: LLorca, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The interaction between Mg edge basal dislocations and rod-shaped $β_1'$-MgZn$_2$ precipitates was studied by atomistic simulations using a new interatomic potential. The atomistic model was carefully built taking into account the experimental information about the orientation relationship between the matrix and the precipitate to ensure minimum energy interfaces. It was found that the dislocations initially overcame the precipitate by the formation of an Orowan loop that penetrated in the precipitate. The precipitate was finally sheared after several Orowan loops were piled-up. The number of loops necessary to shear the precipitate decreased as precipitate cross-section decreased and the temperature increased but was independent of the precipitate spacing. Precipitate shearing did not take place along well-defined crystallographic planes but it was triggered by the accumulation of the elastic energy in the precipitate which finally led to formation of an amorphous layer below and above the slip plane of the basal dislocations. The kink induced in the precipitate by this mechanism was in good agreement with transmission electron microscopy observations.
Numerical solutions for phase noise due to pointing jitter with the LISA telescope
Creators: name: Vinet, Jean-Yves
name: Christensen, Nelson
name: Dinu-Jaeger, Nicoleta
name: Lintz, Michel
name: Man, Nary
name: Pichot, Mikhaël
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The aim of the Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA) is to detect gravitational waves through a phase modulation in long (2.5 Mkm) laser light links between spacecraft. Among other noise sources to be addressed are the phase fluctuations caused by a possible angular jitter of the emitted beam. The present paper follows our preceding one (Vinet et al 2019 Class. Quant. Grav. 36, 205 003) based on an analytical study of the far field phase. We address here a numerical treatment of the phase, to first order in the emitted wavefront aberrations, but without any assumptions on the static bias term. We verify that, in the phase change, the higher order terms in the static mispointing are consistent with the results found in our preceding paper.
Optimal taxation with joint production of agriculture and rural amenities
Creators: name: Casamatta, Georges
name: Rausser, Gordon C.
name: Simon, Leo K.
name: Casamatta, Georges
name: Rausser, Gordon C.
name: Simon, Leo K.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Agricultural Finance
subject: taxation
subject: externalities
subject: agriculture

description: We show that, when there is joint production of an agricultural good and rural amenities, the first-best allocation of resources can be implemented with a tax on the agricultural good and some subsidies on the production factors (land and labor). The use of a subsidy on the agricultural good can only be explained by the desire of the policymaker to redistribute income from the consumers to the farmers.
The CFEPS Kuiper Belt Survey: Strategy and Pre-survey Results
Creators: name: Allen, R. L.
name: Gladman, B.
name: Petit, J-M
name: Rousselot, P.
name: Moussis, O.
name: Kavelaars, J. J.
name: Bagatin, A. Campo
name: Bernabeu, G.
name: Benavenidez, P.
name: Parker, J.
name: Nicholson, P.
name: Holman, M.
name: Doressoundiram, A.
name: Veillet, C.
name: Scholl, H.
name: Mars, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the data acquisition strategy and characterization procedures for the Canada-France Ecliptic Plane Survey (CFEPS), a sub-component of the Canada-France-Hawaii Telescope Legacy Survey. The survey began in early 2003 and as of summer 2005 has covered 430 square degrees of sky within a few degrees of the ecliptic. Moving objects beyond the orbit of Uranus are detected to a magnitude limit of $m_R$=23 -- 24 (depending on the image quality). To track as large a sample as possible and avoid introducing followup bias, we have developed a multi-epoch observing strategy that is spread over several years. We present the evolution of the uncertainties in ephemeris position and orbital elements as the objects progress through the epochs. We then present a small 10-object sample that was tracked in this manner as part of a preliminary survey starting a year before the main CFEPS project. We describe the CFEPS survey simulator, to be released in 2006, which allows theoretical models of the Kuiper Belt to be compared with the survey discoveries since CFEPS has a well-documented pointing history with characterized detection efficiencies as a function of magnitude and rate of motion on the sky. Using the pre-survey objects we illustrate the usage of the simulator in modeling the classical Kuiper Belt.
description: to be submitted to Icarus
Diffraction gratings of isotropic negative phase-velocity materials
Creators: name: Depine, Ricardo A.
name: Lakhtakia, Akhlesh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Diffraction of electromagnetic plane waves by the gratings made by periodically corrugating the exposed planar boundaries of homogeneous, isotropic, linear dielectric--magnetic half--spaces is examined. The phase velocity vector in the diffracting material can be either co-parallel or anti-parallel to the time-averaged Poynting vector, thereby allowing for the material to be classified as of either the positive or the negative negative phase-velocity (PPV or NPV) type. Three methods used for analyzing dielectric gratings - the Rayleigh-hypothesis method, a perturbative approach, and the C formalism - are extended here to encompass NPV gratings by a careful consideration of field representation inside the refracting half--space. Corrugations of both symmetric as well as asymmetric shapes are studied, as also the diversity of grating response to the linear polarization states of the incident plane wave. The replacement of PPV grating by its NPV analog affects only nonspecular diffraction efficiencies when the corrugations are shallow, and the effect on specular diffraction efficiencies intensifies as the corrugations deepen. Whether the type of the refracting material is NPV or PPV is shown to affect surface wave propagation as well as resonant excitation of surface waves.
description: 28 pages, 10 figures in 27 files
What is needed to act as a professional change agent for sustainability? A scoping review
Creators: name: Singer-Brodowski, Mandy
name: Henkel, Gianna-Maria
name: Reith, Alexandra
name: Frank, Pascal
name: Rieckmann, Marco
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: professional sustainability competences · education for sustainable development (ESD) · evaluation of sustainability initiatives · change agents
subject: 370 Erziehung, Schul- und Bildungswesen

description: Professionals across diverse work environments play a crucial role in facilitating and accelerating essential transformations towards sustainability. Recognising the urgent need to avert severe, irreversible harm to vital Earth systems, professional actors have been increasingly identified as a key target group for sustainability-related training programmes. While Education for Sustainable Development (ESD) scholarship has significantly contributed to identifying key competences of higher education programmes, there is a noticeable gap in research dedicated to competences needed from a professional perspective. This gap makes it challenging to design training programmes to foster such competences. To address this research gap, the authors of this article conducted a scoping review on SCOPUS, Web of Science and ERIC to identify professional sustainability competences outlined in the literature. Furthermore, they examined training activities designed to cultivate these competences and corresponding evaluation practices. By evaluating the abstracts of 475 identified articles, a sample of 37 papers was generated, which were then coded based on a qualitative content analysis. The results show that, consistent with higher education learning outcomes, systems thinking competence, interpersonal competence and strategic competence are particularly relevant. Anticipatory competence, however, assumes a secondary role, while intrapersonal competence and implementation competence – contrary to the higher education context – are considered as not emerging but pivotal. In addition, leadership competence emerges as particularly relevant in the professional field. Finally, this review indicates that intentional competence development in professional training is often not thoroughly evaluated.
Driven by nature : a holistic approach to analysis and design of the Whistler Nordic Centre
Creators: name: Dupont, Paul Christian
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Standard planning, engineering, architecture, and construction methods are too often a means of development for a generic site program and design unaware of the inherent site condition, context, and character. In response, landscape planning and design must be receptive and adaptive to the natural character and spirit of the place, in order to enhance the social, economic, ecological, and experiential qualities of the site. The distinction of the Whistler Nordic Centre proposal of the Vancouver 2010 Olympic Bid provides the opportunity to explore the realm of landscape design possibilities in light of a magnificent recreation park project. The site analysis integrated a multidisciplinary iterative approach of thorough scientific and experiential planning and design site investigations, observations, and hypotheses. The selection of three design hypotheses and the subsequent testing of these hypotheses against specific site design criteria formed the basis for the selection and evaluation of a design solution in consideration of the intrinsic site conditions and intended site purposes. The process developed a comprehensive understanding of the landscape and program, in order to effectively determine the proper locations, orientations, and connections of the Ski Jump, Biathlon Range, and Cross Country Stadium. The meticulous planning and design considerations enlightened the development of a range of essential design imperatives to consider sense of arrival, experience of place, experience of events, preservation of nature, preservation of character, vision of the whole, image of the games, seasonality of use, response to climate, and legacy opportunities. The imperatives of design exemplified the level of detail consideration envisioned for the eventual successful design of the Whistler Nordic Centre. The experience of the project process provided recommendations for the importance of the vision of the project as a whole, through the provision of a central lodge facility, the deliberate consideration of tourism planning and opportunities for the site, and the careful consideration as to the location and proximity of the Olympic Village.
Resolving the discrepancy between MOKE measurements at 1550-nm wavelength on Kagome Metal CsV3Sb5
Creators: name: Wang, Jingyuan
name: Farhang, Camron
name: Ortiz, Brenden R.
name: Wilson, Stephen D.
name: Xia, Jing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Kagome metals AV3Sb5 (A = K, Cs, Rb) provide a rich platform for intertwined orders such as the charge density wave (CDW) and a chiral order with time-reversal symmetry breaking (TRSB). While early reports of large optical polarization rotations have been interpreted as the magneto-optic Kerr effect (MOKE) and as evidence for TRSB, recent dedicated optical rotation and MOKE experiments have clarified that this large optical rotation originates instead from an unconventional specular rotation. Yet a critical discrepancy remains regarding the possible existence of a true spontaneous MOKE signal: in experiments performed after training with modest magnetic fields of up to 0.3 Tesla, no MOKE signal was detected above the noise floor of 30 nano-radians, while micro-radian-level signals were found in an experiment using higher training fields. This raises an intriguing possibility of different zero-field ground states with opposite time-reversal symmetry properties, because of different magnetic histories. To unambiguously determine whether a training-field-dependent spontaneous MOKE signal exists in CsV3Sb5, we conduct comprehensive MOKE measurements with two Sagnac interferometer setups capable of both low and high training fields of up to 9 Tesla, and perform careful analyses of contributions of signals from various optical components. We conclude that there is no observable spontaneous MOKE signal, hence no optical evidence for TRSB, regardless of the magnitude of training fields and the speed of temperature ramping.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures
Additional file 3 of An efficient single-cell transcriptomics workflow for microbial eukaryotes benchmarked on Giardia intestinalis cells
Creators: name: Onsbring, Henning
name: Tice, Alexander K.
name: Barton, Brandon T.
name: Brown, Matthew W.
name: Ettema, Thijs J. G.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics

description: Additional file 3. How to synthesize and amplify cDNA described in a protocol format.
Modelling Agricultural Systems: Applications to Livestock Breeding
Creators: name: Hattam, Caroline
name: Hattam, Caroline
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: Animal genetic traits
subject: economic weights
subject: biophysical models
subject: breeding objectives.

description: Traditionally the evaluation of animal genetic traits has focused primarily on production traits and the construction of selection indices. Selection indices, however, fail to consider the effect of management practices and the environment on productivity. Non-production traits are either under-valued or not valued at all. Given the changing demands placed on agriculture and the increased understanding of the effects of agriculture on the environment, this approach can be considered myopic. While techniques are available to link economic and biophysical/environmental models, little has been applied in the context of genetic trait evaluation. This paper therefore explores the potential for integration and the development of methods that capture not only breeding objectives, but also non-production traits. Such an approach should provide greater understanding of the implications of breeding choices and reflect not only the interests of farmers, but of society as a whole.
Quantum behavior of a classical particle subject to a random force
Creators: name: Gokler, Can
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We give a partial answer to the question whether the Schrodinger equation can be derived from the Newtonian mechanics of a particle in a potential subject to a random force. We show that the fluctuations around the classical motion of a one dimensional harmonic oscillator subject to a random force can be described by the Schrodinger equation for a period of time depending on the frequency and the energy of the oscillator. We achieve this by deriving the postulates of Nelson's stochastic formulation of quantum mechanics for a random force depending on a small parameter. We show that the same result applies to small potential perturbations around the harmonic oscillator as long as the total potential preserves the periodicity of motion with a small shift in frequency. We also show that the noise spectrum can be chosen to obtain the result for all oscillator frequencies for fixed mass. We discuss heuristics to generalize the result for a particle in one dimension in a potential where the motion can be described using action-angle variables.