cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Single-centre experience and practical considerations of the benefit of a second cochlear implant in bilaterally deaf adults
Creators: name: Péus, Dominik
name: Pfluger, Andreas
name: Häussler, Sophia Marie
name: Knopke, Steffen
name: Ketterer, Manuel Christoph
name: Szczepek, Agnieszka J.
name: Gräbel, Stefan
name: Olze, Heidi
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Bilaterally deafened
subject: CI
subject: Cochlear implant
subject: Hearing loss
subject: Quality of life
subject: Speech recognition
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Purpose: Bilateral cochlear implant (CI) implantation is increasingly used in the auditory rehabilitation of bilaterally deafened adults. However, after successful unilateral implantation, objective patient counselling is essential. Methods: We investigated the extra benefit of a second CI in adults in terms of health-related quality of life, tinnitus, stress, anxiety, depression, quality of hearing, and speech recognition. Hearing ability was assessed by using the Freiburg monosyllable speech discrimination test (FB MS) and the Oldenburg sentence test with azimuth variations. In a prospective patient cohort, we administered validated questionnaires before a CI, after a first CI and after a second CI implantation. Results: The study included 29 patients, made up of nine women and 20 men. The median time between the first and the second implantation was 23 months. The mean total NCIQ score and TQ before a CI improved significantly after both implantations. Stress, anxiety, and depression were stable over time and were not significantly affected by CI implantations. Speech recognition with noise significantly improved after the first and again after the second CI. Correlation analysis showed a strong connection between auditory performance and HRQoL. Conclusion: We demonstrated that a unilateral CI benefitted many fields and that the second sequential CI leads again to additional improvement. Bilateral CI implantation should, therefore, be the standard form of auditory rehabilitation in deafened adults.
Sexual preference for prepubescent children is associated with enhanced processing of child faces in juveniles
Creators: name: Speer, Lara
name: Schuler, Miriam
name: Keil, Julian
name: Moran, James K.
name: Pantazidis, Pierre
name: Amelung, Till
name: Florack, Jakob
name: Beier, Klaus M.
name: Senkowski, Daniel
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Child sexual abuse
subject: Sexual behavior
subject: Neuroimaging
subject: Pedophilia
subject: Electroencephalography
subject: Event-related potentials
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Child sexual abuse offences (CSOs) represent a severe ethical and socioeconomic burden for society. Juveniles with a sexual preference for prepubescent children (PP) commit a large percentage of CSOs, but have been widely neglected in neuroscience research. Aberrant neural responses to face stimuli have been observed in men with pedophilic interest. Thus far, it is unknown whether such aberrations exist already in PP. A passive face-viewing paradigm, including the presentation of child and adult faces, was deployed and high-density electroencephalography data were recorded. The study group comprised 25 PP and the control group involved 22 juveniles with age-adequate sexual preference. Attractiveness ratings and evoked brain responses were obtained for the face stimuli. An aberrant pattern of attractiveness ratings for child vs. adult faces was found in the PP group. Moreover, elevated occipital P1 amplitudes were observed for adult vs. child faces in both groups. At longer latency (340-426 ms), a stronger negative deflection to child vs. adult faces, which was source localized in higher visual, parietal and frontal regions, was specifically observed in the PP group. Our study provides evidence for enhanced neural processing of child face stimuli in PP, which might reflect elevated attention capture of face stimuli depicting members from the sexually preferred age group. This study expands our understanding of the neural foundations underlying sexual interest in prepubescent children and provides a promising path for the uncovering of objective biomarkers of sexual responsiveness to childlike body schemes in juveniles.
“How Are My Age and Cows Related?” Cognitive Interviewing as a Tool to Pretest Survey Questions in Two Limited Resource Settings
Creators: name: Wenemark, Marika
name: Ngwili, Nicholas
name: Ndoboli, Dickson
name: Wieland, Barbara
name: Roesel, Kristina
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: cross-cultural
subject: cognitive interview methods
subject: livestock
subject: One Health
subject: questionnaire
subject: survey
subject: antimicrobial resistance
subject: behavior
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::630 Landwirtschaft::630 Landwirtschaft und verwandte Bereiche

description: Antimicrobial resistance is a complex topic requiring interdisciplinary solutions embedded in One Health thinking. Currently, many surveys are underway in low- and middle-income countries to study how antimicrobial use in the livestock sector is driving resistance. In a survey, the respondents must understand and answer the questions correctly to produce accurate and valuable results. Pretesting survey questions is therefore important but sometimes not performed due to limited time and resources. Cognitive interviewing is a pretesting method to give insights into the respondent's way of interpreting and mentally processing the survey questions to identify problems and finding ways to improve the questions. It has previously been suggested that cognitive interviews may be difficult to use in some cultural settings. This study aimed to use cognitive interviews in a respondent-adjusted way to study how survey questions related to antimicrobial use are understood and answered by 12 small-scale farmers in Kenya and Uganda. The results show that even a small number of interviews and using interviewers with limited knowledge of cognitive interviewing can identify many problems in survey questions and the survey tool. Cognitive interviews may provide a feasible and affordable way of pretesting questionnaires in situations where time and resources are limited, for example, during a disease outbreak.
Morphosyntactic change in Late Modern Swedish
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: morphosyntactic change
subject: Late Modern Swedish period
subject: 18th century
subject: 400 Sprache::410 Linguistik::410 Linguistik

description: This volume explores morphosyntactic change in the Late Modern Swedish period from the 18th century and onwards. This period is interesting, for a number of reasons. This is when Swedish is established as a national standard language. New genres emerge, and the written language becomes more generally available to all speakers. We also sometimes find diverging developments in the different North Germanic languages, and some of the much-discussed differences between Danish, Norwegian and Swedish are established during this period. In addition, during the 19th and 20th centuries, the traditional dialects undergo more dramatic changes than ever. Yet, the Late Modern Swedish period has previously received fairly little attention in the syntactic literature. This volume aims to remedy this, with studies that cover several different grammatical domains, including case and verbal syntax, word order and agreement, and grammaticalization in the nominal domain. The study by Cecilia Falk investigates the possibility of promoting an indirect object to subject in a passive, that emerges during the period. A chapter by Fredrik Valdeson studies change in the use of ditransitive verbs, from a constructional perspective. Three chapters are concerned with word order change. The study by Ida Larsson and Björn Lundquist investigates the development of a strict word order in particle constructions. Adrian Sangfelt studies the possibility of having adverbials (and other constituents) between the separate verbal heads in complex VPs in the final stages of the shift from OV to VO order. Erik M. Petzell investigates embedded verb placement and agreement morphology in the Viskadalian dialect, which on the surface seems to contradict the Rich Agreement Hypothesis. Mikael Kalm discusses the emergence of different kinds of adverbial infinitival clauses in the standard written language compared to Övdalian. Finally, the study by Lars-Olof Delsing is concerned with a case of grammaticalization in the nominal domain, specifically the development of the gradable adjectives mycket ‘much’ and lite ‘little’ into quantifiers.
Chimarra Stephens 1829
Creators: name: Pandher, Manpreet Singh
name: Hussain, Zahid
name: Kaur, Simarjit
name: Parey, Sajad Hussain
name: Majeed, Aquib
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Trichoptera
Philopotamidae
Chimarra

description: Genus: Chimarra Stephens 1829
Type Species: Phryganea marginata Linnaeus 1767 (monobasic)
description: Published as part of Pandher, Manpreet Singh, Hussain, Zahid, Kaur, Simarjit, Parey, Sajad Hussain & Majeed, Aquib, 2024, New records for the genus Chimarra Stephens 1829 (Trichoptera: Philopotamidae) in India, pp. 283-291 in Zootaxa 5555 (2) on page 284, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5555.2.8, http://zenodo.org/record/14594696
A grammar of Fwe
Creators: name: Gunnink, Hilde
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: grammar
subject: Fwe
subject: Bantu language
subject: 400 Sprache::410 Linguistik::410 Linguistik

description: This book provides a first-ever comprehensive overview of the grammatical structure of Fwe. Fwe is a Bantu language spoken on the border between Zambia and Namibia, by some 20,000 people. Very little previous documentation exists on the language, and the current description of Fwe is based exclusively on newly collected field data. It includes an analysis of the grammatical structure of Fwe, followed by basic cultural information on greetings, a Fwe narrative with its English translation, and a lexicon comprising some 2200 Fwe lexemes with their English translation. This book is intended as a resource for linguists, whether interested in African languages, Bantu languages, language typology, or general linguistics.
Opportunities, risks and challenges in global mental health and population neuroscience: a case of Sino-German cooperation
Creators: name: Liu, Shuyan
name: Müller, Sabine
name: Dolan, Raymond J.
name: Zhao, Xudong
name: Zheng, Jialin C.
name: Heinz, Andreas
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Data security and privacy
subject: Ethics
subject: Large-scale cohort studies
subject: Laws and regulations
subject: Patient care
subject: Population neuroscience
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Large scale prospective cohorts have now been established across several countries, and continents, and among the aims include an assessment of the developmental trajectory of mental disorders. This level of international cooperation helps transfer research findings to new social contexts as well as enabling an assessment of which findings can be replicated, and which interventions are most effective, in different social and cultural settings. However, data sharing across different regional and national health care systems requires a careful consideration of different standards in ethical research, data protection and patient care, including respect for patients' rights, in cooperating jurisdictions. In our review, we discuss ethical, legal and practical challenges associated with such cooperation with a focus on research participants, specifically patient recruitment, by considering the instance of China and Germany. Our broader aim is to promote international cooperation by identifying key challenges that arise in international cooperation, and to facilitate an exchange in relation to legal and practical approaches.
Mental health effects of infection containment strategies: quarantine and isolation—a systematic review and meta-analysis
Creators: name: Henssler, Jonathan
name: Stock, Friederike
name: Van Bohemen, Joris
name: Walter, Henrik
name: Heinz, Andreas
name: Brandt, Lasse
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Isolation
subject: Quarantine
subject: Containment strategies
subject: Psychological effects
subject: Mental health
subject: Mental disorder
subject: Systematic review
subject: Meta-analysis
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Due to the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, an unprecedented number of people worldwide is currently affected by quarantine or isolation. These measures have been suggested to negatively impact on mental health. We conducted the first systematic literature review and meta-analysis assessing the psychological effects in both quarantined and isolated persons compared to non-quarantined and non-isolated persons. PubMed, PsycINFO, and Embase databases were searched for studies until April 22, 2020 (Prospero Registration-No.: CRD42020180043). We followed PRISMA and MOOSE guidelines for data extraction and synthesis and the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale for assessing risk of bias of included studies. A random-effects model was implemented to pool effect sizes of included studies. The primary outcomes were depression, anxiety, and stress-related disorders. All other psychological parameters, such as anger, were reported as secondary outcomes. Out of 6807 screened articles, 25 studies were included in our analyses. Compared to controls, individuals experiencing isolation or quarantine were at increased risk for adverse mental health outcomes, particularly after containment duration of 1 week or longer. Effect sizes were summarized for depressive disorders (odds ratio 2.795; 95% CI 1.467-5.324), anxiety disorders (odds ratio 2.0; 95% CI 0.883-4.527), and stress-related disorders (odds ratio 2.742; 95% CI 1.496-5.027). Among secondary outcomes, elevated levels of anger were reported most consistently. There is compelling evidence for adverse mental health effects of isolation and quarantine, in particular depression, anxiety, stress-related disorders, and anger. Reported determinants can help identify populations at risk and our findings may serve as an evidence-base for prevention and management strategies.
title: The emergence of American English as a discursive variety
title: Tracing enregisterment processes in nineteenth-century U.S. newspapers
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Paulsen, Ingrid
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: American English
subject: nineteenth-century U.S. newspapers
subject: 400 Sprache::410 Linguistik::410 Linguistik

description: Do speakers’ identity constructions influence the emergence of new varieties of a language? This question is at the heart of a debate about how the process of the emergence of postcolonial varieties of English can best be modeled. This volume contributes to the debate by linking it to models and theories proposed by anthropological linguists, sociolinguists and discourse linguists who view identity as a social and cultural phenomenon that is produced through linguistic and other social practices. Language is seen as essential for identity constructions because speakers use linguistic forms that index social ‘personae’ as well as specific social practices and values to convey an image of self to other speakers. Based on the theory of enregisterment that models the cultural and discursive process of the creation of indexical links between linguistic forms and social values, the argument is made that any model of the emergence of new varieties needs to differentiate carefully between a structural level and a discursive level. What emerges on the discursive level as a result of processes of enregisterment is a ‘discursive variety’. The volume illustrates how the emergence of a discursive variety can be systematically studied in a historical context by focusing on the enregisterment of American English as it can be observed in nineteenth-century U.S. newspapers. Using a discourse-linguistic methodological framework and two large databases containing close to 78 million newspaper articles, the study reveals a complex pattern of indexical links between the phonological forms /h/-dropping and -insertion, yod-dropping, a lengthened and backened bath vowel, non-rhoticity, a realization of prevocalic /r/ as a labiodental approximant as well as the lexical items baggage and pants on the one hand and social values centering around nationality, authenticity and non-specificity on the other hand. Qualitative analyses uncover the social personae associated with the linguistic forms (e.g. the American cowboy, the African American mammy and the ‘Anglo-maniac’ American dude), while quantitative analyses trace the development over time and show that the enregisterment processes were widespread and not restricted to a particular region.
Associations between COVID-19 related media consumption and symptoms of anxiety, depression and COVID-19 related fear in the general population in Germany
Creators: name: Bendau, Antonia
name: Petzold, Moritz Bruno
name: Pyrkosch, Lena
name: Mascarell Maricic, Lea
name: Betzler, Felix
name: Rogoll, Janina
name: Große, Julia
name: Ströhle, Andreas
name: Plag, Jens
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Corona
subject: Media coverage
subject: Mental health
subject: Pandemic
subject: Psychological distress
subject: SARS-CoV-2
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: In context of the current COVID-19 pandemic the consumption of pandemic-related media coverage may be an important factor that is associated with anxiety and psychological distress. Aim of the study was to examine those associations in the general population in Germany. 6233 participants took part in an online-survey (March 27th-April 6th, 2020), which included demographic information and media exploitation in terms of duration, frequency and types of media. Symptoms of depression, unspecific anxiety and COVID-19 related anxiety were ascertained with standardized questionnaires. Frequency, duration and diversity of media exposure were positively associated with more symptoms of depression and unspecific and COVID-19 specific anxiety. We obtained the critical threshold of seven times per day and 2.5 h of media exposure to mark the difference between mild and moderate symptoms of (un)specific anxiety and depression. Particularly the usage of social media was associated with more pronounced psychological strain. Participants with pre-existing fears seem to be particularly vulnerable for mental distress related to more immoderate media consumption. Our findings provide some evidence for problematical associations of COVID-19 related media exposure with psychological strain and could serve as an orientation for recommendations-especially with regard to the thresholds of critical media usage.
A grammar of Kalamang
Creators: name: Visser, Eline
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: grammar
subject: Kalamang
subject: Papuan language
subject: 400 Sprache::410 Linguistik::410 Linguistik

description: This book is a grammar of Kalamang, a Papuan language of western New Guinea in the east of Indonesia. It is spoken by around 130 people in the villages Mas and Antalisa on the biggest of the Karas Islands, which lie just off the coast of Bomberai Peninsula. This work is the first comprehensive grammar of a Papuan language in the Bomberai area. It is based on eleven months of fieldwork. The primary source of data is a corpus of more than 15 hours of spoken Kalamang recorded and transcribed between 2015 and 2019. This grammar covers a wide range of topics beyond a phonological and morphosyntactic description, including prosody, narrative styles, and information structure. More than 1000 examples illustrate the analyses, and are where possible taken from naturalistic spoken Kalamang. The descriptive approach in this grammar is informed by current linguistic theory, but is not driven by any specific school of thought. Comparison to other West Bomberai or eastern Indonesian languages is taken into account whenever it is deemed helpful. Kalamang has several typologically interesting features, such as unpredictable stress, minimalistic give-constructions consisting of just two pronouns, aspectual markers that follow the subject, and the NP and predicate – rather than the noun and verb – as important domains of attachment. This grammar is accompanied by an openly accessible archive of linguistic and cultural material and a dictionary with 2700 lemmas. It serves as a document of one of the world's many endangered languages.
KFF/Washington Post Frontline Health Care Workers Survey
Creators: name: Kaiser Family Foundation
name: Washington Post
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2022

description: Types of healthcare facilities respondent currently works in (1); role in patient care (1); job satisfaction (1); hardest part of working during coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic (1); status of COVID-19 pandemic (2); rate the U.S. response to the COVID-19 pandemic (1); confidence in efficacy and safety of COVID-19 vaccines (1); distribution of vaccines (5); received or planning to receive COVID-19 vaccine (6); personal experience with COVID-19 vaccines (11); mandated COVID-19 vaccines (3); employer response to COVID-19 pandemic (3); respect for healthcare workers (2); is the public doing enough to prevent the spread of COVID-19 (1); current feelings about going to work (6); emotional/physical/social/job impacts of the COVID-19 stress (12); mental health care services/medication since the COVID-19 pandemic began (3); have considered leaving the healthcare profession since COVID-19 (1); facility ran out of personal protection equipment/reached critical care capacity during COVID-19 (2); has personally treated a COVID-19 patient (2); lost a patient to COVID-19 (2); self/family member tested positive for COVID-19 (3); annual flu shots (1).
A randomised controlled trial to test the effect of targeted parental information on non-urgent paediatric emergency department reattendance
Creators: name: Holden, Benjamin
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2020

description: Background: Year upon year the pressure on emergency and urgent care across the National Health Service (NHS) in England has increased. A rise in non-urgent attendance of young children at paediatric emergency departments (PEDs) has contributed to this pressure. Aims: The three key aims of this study were: (i) To identify the reasons for non-urgent attendance at PED as described in the published literature. (ii) To develop a targeted intervention that aimed to reduce non-urgent reattendance at PED. (iii) To evaluate the effect of the targeted intervention on non-urgent reattendance at PED using a randomised controlled trial. Methodology: Research activities were mapped to MRC guidance on “Developing and evaluating complex interventions” (Craig et al., 2008). A narrative review identified the reasons that children attend PED with non-urgent health concerns. A systematic review identified interventions that had attempted to address non-urgent PED reattendance. Literature review findings and feedback from stakeholders (including families with young children) were used to generate a theoretical mechanism for reducing non-urgent PED reattendance. The evidence base, a theoretical framework and caregiver and stakeholder involvement were combined with an awareness of the population context and the application of behavioural insights to develop the educational bundle. This educational bundle was evaluated using a multicentre, two- armed RCT with balanced randomisation (1:1). Results: Overall, the educational bundle did not have a detectable effect on non-urgent PED reattendance. The educational bundle may have reduced the proportion of non-urgent reattendances for families that initially attended with male children (but not for those that initially attended with female children). Conclusion: Although no effect was detected, an informative and evidence-based intervention was successfully developed in collaboration with caregivers and healthcare professionals. This thesis demonstrates the utility of the MRC Framework, patient and public involvement and the application of behavioural insights in response to a healthcare system challenge.
Моделювання зміни технічного стану автотранспортних засобів з урахуванням використання прогресивних технологій обслуговування
Creators: name: Сакно О. П., Колеснікова Т. М., Олло В. П., Медведєв Є. П.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: Сакно О. П., Колеснікова Т. М., Олло В. П., Медведєв Є. П. Моделювання зміни технічного стану автотранспортних засобів з урахуванням використання прогресивних технологій обслуговування // Матеріали VIII-ої міжнародної науково-практичної інтернет-конференції «Проблеми і перспективи розвитку автомобільного транспорту», 14-15 квітня 2020 року: збірник наукових праць [та інш.]. – Вінниця: Вінницький національний технічний університет, 2020. – С. 276-283.
Cavitation in blast induced traumatic brain injury: the occurrence, mechanism, threshold and implication
Creators: name: Yu, Xiancheng
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2020

description: Blast induced traumatic brain injury (BTBI) has been a prevalent injury in recent conflicts, due to the vast use of improvised explosive devices. However, the mechanisms for BTBI remain unclear, particularly those linked to the primary blast waves. Recent neuropathological analysis have shown damage in the brain tissue close to the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in blast compared with non-blast TBI cases. CSF cavitation is a potential mechanism for this interface injury. This project aims to deepen the current understanding of CSF cavitation in the human head under blast exposures. Both computational and experimental studies have been carried out to investigate the occurrence, mechanism, threshold and implication of blast induced CSF cavitation. Firstly, several commonly used methods for simulating blast wave propagation in air and its interaction with the human head were critically assessed. Together with a new meshing topology, a finite element method was proposed, which was used as a guideline for blast simulation in this project. Next, using a high-fidelity human head FE model, the CSF cavitation effect on brain response under blast exposure was investigated. It was found that CSF cavitation significantly increased strain and strain rate in the cortex. To experimentally investigate CSF cavitation, a novel human head physical surrogate was developed and exposed to both blast and impact loadings. Particularly, the dissolved air in the CSF surrogate was kept at a similar level with in-vivo human CSF. It was shown that blast, and not impact, can produce CSF cavitation. A novel mechanism for the formation and collapse of cavitation in the CSF was proposed, which is based on the transmission and interaction of pressure waves in the skull and intracranial soft tissues. The blast induced pressure waves in the skull and intracranial soft tissues are respectively responsible for cavitation formation and collapse. Next, more blast tests were conducted with the physical surrogate to determine the pressure threshold for CSF cavitation. Finally, using the human head FE model, it was found that the incident overpressure, not the positive phase duration, determines the cavitation severity in CSF. It was also found that blasts characterized as non-lethal can already produce severe CSF cavitation. This project provides new understandings to CSF cavitation in BTBI. The findings about cavitation onset and collapse in the CSF may explain the concentration of pathology at the CSF/brain tissue interface in BTBI cases. The new experimental and computational methods and findings can guide the diagnosis of BTBI by focusing on interfaces and the evaluation and improvement of protective equipment.
Amtliche Mitteilungen der Technischen Universität Dortmund Nr. 19/2024
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Dortmund
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: 080

description: Bachelorstudiengang Informatik (Bachelorprüfungsordnung Informatik – BPO Inf_alt)
description: Masterstudiengang Informatik (Masterprüfungsordnung Informatik – MPO Inf_alt)
description: Bachelorstudiengang Angewandte Informatik (Bachelorprüfungsordnung Angewandte Informatik – BPO AngInf_alt)
description: Masterstudiengang Angewandte Informatik (Masterprüfungsordnung Angewandte Informatik – MPO AngInf_alt)
description: Vierte Ordnung zur Änderung der Promotionsordnung der Fakultät Maschinenbau der Technischen Universität Dortmund vom 25. Juni 2024
description: Amtliche Mitteilungen der Technischen Universität Dortmund;2024,19
Large-scale distributed state estimation: theory, methodology and algorithm
Creators: name: Yang, Guitao
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2022

description: In this thesis, the topics of state estimation for large-scale systems (LSSs) with distributed observer design are studied using notions and tools from classical control theory and graph theory. Over the last few decades, there has been a remarkable growth of LSSs which are essential to people’s daily lives, such as smart power grids, water networks, industrial plants, etc. However, these systems are susceptible to faults or attacks, and it is crucial to monitor the status of such systems by estimating the state vector. Due to the vast space that a typical LSS occupies, measurements for such systems are usually distributed over the entire system plant. Our objective is to design a network of observers such that the state vector of the entire system can be estimated, while each observer (node) has access to only local output measurement that may not be sufficient on its own to reconstruct the whole system state. Moreover, we address several categories of faults and disturbances at LSSs and their observers, and the devised distributed estimation schemes are desired to be robust accordingly. Firstly, we consider a scenario that the links among the distributed observers may fail and rebuild over time, which implies that the communication network does not stay connected constantly. We propose a distributed estimation approach with a guarantee on the feasibility of the design such that the state vector of the system is reconstructed by each observer. Then, we assume that the local observer at each node may not be accessible to all input signals, which could be caused by an unknown input fault or disturbance. We propose a distributed observer capable of estimating the overall system’s state in the presence of input, while each node only has some information on input and its local measurements. We provide a design method that guarantees the convergence of the estimation errors under some mild joint detectability conditions, which is also proved to be necessary to obtain asymptotic estimates. After that, we focus on the distributed state estimation with additive fault and noise at the measurements. We assume that local sensor redundancy exists at each node and propose a distributed estimation strategy that exploits this redundancy to provide robustness against faults in the measurement. Under suitable conditions on the redundant sensors, we show that it is possible to mitigate the effects of a class of unbounded sensor faults on the state estimation. Finally, we build a simplified heat exchange model to verify the effectiveness of all of the proposed distributed state estimation methods.
Exploring the complementary interaction between financial inclusion and gender equality on economic growth: fresh evidence from developing countries
Creators: name: Wani, Inayat Ullah
name: Alharthi, Majed
name: Khanday, Ishfaq Nazir
name: Subhan, Mohammad
name: Al-Faryan, Mamdouh Abdulaziz Saleh
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biotechnology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy

description: Financial inclusion and gender equality are the key constituents of the principle of “leaving no one behind” upheld by the Sustainable Development Goals, which emphasise a holistic approach for the sustainable development of all. Financial inclusion and gender equality are interrelated factors that can influence economic growth in complex ways. In addition to their independent impact on economic growth, there is an active interaction between the two which also plays an important role in determining the level of economic growth. This interaction has been neglected by the existing literature. Based on this gap, the paper investigates the existence and type of this interaction between financial inclusion and gender equality in determining economic growth for a group of 48 developing countries for the period 2004–2019 using the Generalised Method of Moments. The study found a complementary interaction between gender equality and financial inclusion, such that improvements in financial inclusion in the presence of better gender parity have a multiplicative effect on economic growth and vice versa. The study concludes that gender equality creates various pull and push factors for better financial inclusion. Similarly, financial inclusion eliminates gender inequality in access to financial products, exacerbating the influence on economic growth both individually and collectively. This study looks at the complementary role of financial inclusion and gender equality in promoting economic growth in developing countries. The study employs a panel data analysis of 48 countries from 2004 to 2019 using the Generalized Method of Moments to find a substantial complimentary relationship between financial inclusion and gender equality. The findings show that innovations in financial inclusion, combined with greater gender equality, have a multiplier effect on economic development. This study emphasizes the need to increase financial inclusion and gender equality as interconnected methods for achieving sustainable economic growth. The policy implications are considerable, implying that attempts to increase financial inclusion should be complemented by actions to improve gender equality, assuring inclusive and equitable economic growth. This work adds to the current literature by addressing a previously overlooked interaction, providing new perspectives for policymakers, economists, and development practitioners working to promote economic development in developing countries.
Carlina biebersteinii subsp. brevibracteata K. Werner
Creators: name: Konrad Lauber
name: Gerhart Wagner
name: Andreas Gygax
Publisher: name: Haupt Verlag
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Asterales
Asteraceae
Carlina
Carlina biebersteinii
Carlina biebersteinii subsp. brevibracteata (andrae) k. werner

description: Carlina biebersteinii subsp. brevibracteata (Andrae) K. Werner
Artbeschreibung: Ähnlich wie subsp. biebersteinii, aber 30-70(-100) cm hoch, meist 3-10 köpfig. Obere Stängelblätter in ihrer unteren Hälfte kraus und hartstachelig. Kopfdurchmesser 1,5-3 cm. Äussere Hüllblätter 14-18 mm lang, nicht von Hochblättern überragt. Intermediäre Kleinart zwischen C. vulgaris und C. biebersteinii subsp. biebersteinii.
Verbreitung global: Südosteuropäisch
Ökologische Zeigerwerte nach Landolt & al. (2010)
BodenfaktorenKlimafaktorenSalztoleranzFeuchtezahl Fmässig trocken; Feuchtigkeit mässig wechselnd (± 1-2 Stufen)Lichtzahl LhellSalzzeichen--Reaktionszahl Rneutral bis basisch (pH 5.5-8.5)Temperaturzahl Tunter-montan und ober-kollinNährstoffzahl NnährstoffarmKontinentalitätszahl Ksubozeanisch bis subkontinental (mittlere Luftfeuchtigkeit, mässige Temperaturschwankungen und mässig tiefe Wintertemperaturen)
Volksname Deutscher Name: Kurzschuppige Golddistel, Mittlere Golddistel Nom français: Carline à bractées courtes
description: Published as part of Konrad Lauber, Gerhart Wagner & Andreas Gygax, 2018, Flora Helvetica - Asteraceae, pp. 1074-1250 in Flora Helvetica, Bern :Haupt Verlag on page 1116
Extending the spectral coverage of fibre lasers using nonlinear frequency conversion
Creators: name: Chandran, Anita Mary
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2022

description: The fibre laser has revolutionised modern technology, underpinning applications as diverse as materials processing, communications, and medical imaging. Demand has grown for fibre-based laser sources across a wide range of spectral regions. This thesis outlines progress towards extending the spectral coverage of fibre laser technology, through efficient nonlinear conversion techniques such as stimulated Raman scattering, four-wave mixing, and second-harmonic generation. We target two distinct areas of research: nonlinear frequency conversion in bulk crystals, and four-wave mixing in photonic crystal fibre. We begin by introducing an architecture for generating nanosecond pulsed, MHz repetitionrate pulses at 1240 nm based on stimulated Raman scattering in phosphosilicate fibre. The resulting amplifier has ideal properties as a pump for subsequent nonlinear conversion in crystals. We demonstrate the use of this phosphosilicate Raman amplifier as the pump system for three novel nonlinear sources. The first of these utilises seeded optical parametric generation in a cadmium silicon phosphide crystal to generate nanosecond pulsed, MHz repetition-rate, mid-infrared radiation between 4.2–4.6 μm. The second source we present delivers watt-level average powers at 620 nm, based on the direct frequency-doubling of the 1240 nm amplifier system, with ideal properties for stimulated-emission depletion microscopy. The third source extends the concept of the frequency-doubled Raman amplifier system at 620 nm to 743 nm, by utilising cascaded Raman amplification in phosphosilicate fibre. Lastly, we outline an architecture for generating short, tuneable pulses at 794–828 nm based on fibre optical-parametric chirped pulse amplification, a technique which utilises four-wave mixing in photonic crystal fibre. This architecture aims to generate ultrashort pulses in spectral regions not traditionally well served by existing fibre lasers. We underpin the work with both experimental results and simulations, discussing the design, implementations and limitations of this architecture, as well as presenting avenues for the future research and development of similar systems.
Identification, diagnosis and management of persistent Hepatitis E virus infection
Creators: name: Ankcorn, Michael James
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2021

description: Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is the most common cause of acute viral hepatitis in the UK and leads to persistent HEV infection in immunosuppressed individuals. The prevalence and clinical outcomes of persistent HEV are unknown in the UK. It is hypothesized that persistent HEV is an under-recognised disease in the UK, that screening of high-risk immunocompromised patients will be cost-effective and enhanced surveillance of persistent HEV cases will identify pragmatic parameters for clinical monitoring. Within this study, the prevalence of HEV infection was investigated in three distinct immunocompromised cohorts. A commercial assay for detecting HEV antigen (HEV-Ag) was explored for use as a screening assay and monitoring tool. A cost-effectiveness analysis modelled the impact of annual HEV screening in solid organ transplant (SOT) recipients. The diagnostic findings and clinical outcomes were reported on a case series of persistent HEV infections across England and Wales and whole genome sequencing (WGS) was utilized to explore viral mutations with and without antiviral pressure. This work demonstrates that persistent HEV infections are under-recognised in transplant recipients, with biochemical abnormalities often attributed to other causes by clinicians. Viraemia rates were similar to other European studies among SOT recipients. HEV-Ag had both high sensitivity and specificity as a screening assay for persistent HEV infections. The annual screening of SOT recipients either by RNA or HEV-Ag testing is projected to be cost-effective for the NHS. The case series showed that a broad range of immunosuppressed patients are at risk of persistent infection, however the magnitude of risk in antibody-deficient patients and those with a haematological malignancy were lower than in SOT. Finally, WGS revealed the emergence of mutations in the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase region associated with clinical phenotypic resistance to ribavirin. However, further optimization of HEV sequencing is required to investigate samples with lower HEV viral loads.
Carlina vulgaris L.
Creators: name: Konrad Lauber
name: Gerhart Wagner
name: Andreas Gygax
Publisher: name: Haupt Verlag
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Asterales
Asteraceae
Carlina
Carlina vulgaris

description: Carlina vulgaris L.
Artbeschreibung: 10-30(-60) cm hoch, mehrköpfig. Blätter über der Grundrosette aprupt kleiner werdend und bis zum Blütenstand +/- gleichbleibend. Obere Blätter 2-4mal so lang wie breit, hartstachelig, wellig-kraus, unterseits spinnwebig-flaumig, graugrün, Seitennerven in die Stacheln verlaufend. Kopfdurchmesser 1-2,5 cm. Blätter unter den Köpfen die inneren Hüllblätter nicht überragend.
Verbreitung global: Europäisch
Ökologische Zeigerwerte nach Landolt & al. (2010)
BodenfaktorenKlimafaktorenSalztoleranzFeuchtezahl Fmässig trocken; Feuchtigkeit mässig wechselnd (± 1-2 Stufen)Lichtzahl LhellSalzzeichen--Reaktionszahl Rneutral bis basisch (pH 5.5-8.5)Temperaturzahl Tunter-montan und ober-kollinNährstoffzahl Nmässig nährstoffarm bis mässig nährstoffreichKontinentalitätszahl Ksubozeanisch bis subkontinental (mittlere Luftfeuchtigkeit, mässige Temperaturschwankungen und mässig tiefe Wintertemperaturen)
Volksname Deutscher Name: Gewöhnliche Golddistel Nom français: Carline commune
description: Published as part of Konrad Lauber, Gerhart Wagner & Andreas Gygax, 2018, Flora Helvetica - Asteraceae, pp. 1074-1250 in Flora Helvetica, Bern :Haupt Verlag on page 1116
R code for research article "Triglyceride levels and its association with all-cause mortality and cardiovascular outcomes among patients with heart failure"
Creators: name: Yiu, Kai-Hang
name: Ren, Qing-Wen
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: This is the R code for research article entitled "Triglyceride levels and its association with all-cause mortality and cardiovascular outcomes among patients with heart failure" Abstract: Remnant cholesterol, identified by triglyceride-rich lipoprotein, is a significant causal risk factor for ischemic heart diseases. The association of triglyceride levels with all-cause and cause-specific outcomes in heart failure (HF)  remains unexplored. Using a previously validated territory-wide clinical information registry, all eligible patients diagnosed with HF (N=127124) from 2000 to 2020 were included. In this population-based cohort (mean age: 71.4±12.2 years, 51.8% male), the association between triglyceride levels and risk of all-cause mortality and cardiovascular disease was a U-shaped curve. High triglyceride levels (≥3.0 mmol/L) was associated with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease admission or death; conversely, lower triglyceride levels (<1.2 mmol/L) were associated with higher risks of HF readmission or death. The risk of adjusted all-cause mortality reached a nadir between triglyceride levels of 1.2 mmol/L and 3.0 mmol/L. Results were externally validated in BIOSTAT-CHF. Our findings have important implications for defining the role of triglyceride levels in contributing to the diverse outcomes in patients with HF.
Carlina vulgaris
Creators: name: Konrad Lauber
name: Gerhart Wagner
name: Andreas Gygax
Publisher: name: Haupt Verlag
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Asterales
Asteraceae
Carlina
Carlina vulgaris

description: Carlina vulgaris aggr.
Artbeschreibung: 10-70 cm hoch. Stängel beblättert, ohne Stacheln. Blätter ungeteilt oder wenig tief fiederteilig, stachelig gezähnt, sitzend. Köpfe einzeln am Ende der Zweige, nur mit Röhrenblüten, diese von den zungenförmigen, strahlig ausgebreiteten, glänzend braungelben inneren Hüllblättern umgeben. Früchte 2-4 mm, Pappus 7-8 mm lang, Borsten gelblich, federig.
Blütezeit: 7-9
Standort und Verbreitung in der Schweiz: Lichte Föhren- und Eichenwälder, Trockenwiesen / CH
Ökologische Zeigerwerte nach Landolt & al. (2010)
BodenfaktorenKlimafaktorenSalztoleranzFeuchtezahl F--Lichtzahl L--Salzzeichen--Reaktionszahl R--Temperaturzahl T--Nährstoffzahl N--Kontinentalitätszahl K--
Volksname Deutscher Name: Golddistel, Gemeine Eberwurz Nom français: Carline commune Nome italiano: Carlina comune
description: Published as part of Konrad Lauber, Gerhart Wagner & Andreas Gygax, 2018, Flora Helvetica - Asteraceae, pp. 1074-1250 in Flora Helvetica, Bern :Haupt Verlag on page 1116
Molecular modelling and investigations of atomistic mechanisms at tribological interfaces
Creators: name: Ayestaran Latorre, Carlos
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2022

description: Reducing friction and wear inside lubricated contacts could lead to significant improvements in energy efficiency and emissions at a global level. Efforts in this direction are limited by lack of detailed fundamental understanding of the physicochemical mechanisms taking place at tribological interfaces. Molecular modelling can provide valuable insights into the atomic-scale behaviour of these systems in order to drive rational design of new lubricants and engineered surfaces that can meet current and future demands. In this thesis, several industrially-relevant tribological systems are studied by different molecular modelling methods. Firstly, the mechanisms through which different dopants affect the water adsorption and the subsequent hydrophobicity of diamond-like carbon coatings is investigated. The interaction between these coatings and water plays a central role not only on their frictional performance, but also gives clues as to their interactions other polar molecules such as lubricant additives. Secondly, a classical interfacial force field to model the adsorption of organic friction modifier additives on iron oxide is developed and applied to molecular dynamics simulations under boundary lubrication conditions. Finally, the decomposition mechanisms of adsorbed phosphate ester antiwear additives on ferrous surfaces are investigated using reactive molecular dynamics simulations. The effects of surface chemistry and molecular structure are studied, separately for both thermal and mechanochemical decomposition. The work presented here has contributed to a more complete picture of the atomic-scale phenomena at tribological interfaces and has also helped to explain recent experimental results. The techniques developed have paved the way towards rational design of lubricant additives using in silico methods.