cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Localization Problem in the 5D Standing Wave Braneworld
Creators: name: Gogberashvili, Merab
name: Midodashvili, Pavle
name: Midodashvili, Levan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the problem of pure gravitational localization of matter fields within the 5D standing wave braneworld generated by gravity coupled to a phantom-like scalar field. We show that in the case of increasing warp factor there exist normalizable zero modes of spin-0, -1/2, -1, and -2 fields on the brane.
description: 21 pages, 1 figure. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1105.1701, arXiv:1109.3758, arXiv:1204.2448, arXiv:1105.1866
Evidence for a non-universal Kennicutt-Schmidt relationship using hierarchical Bayesian linear regression
Creators: name: Shetty, Rahul
name: Kelly, Brandon C.
name: Bigiel, Frank
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: For investigating the relationship between the star formation rate and gas surface density, we develop a Bayesian linear regression method that rigorously treats measurement uncertainties and accounts for hierarchical data structure. The hierarchical method simultaneously estimates the intercept, slope, and scatter about the regression line of each individual subject and the population. Using synthetic datasets, we demonstrate that the method recovers the underlying parameters of both the individuals and the population, especially when compared to commonly employed ordinary least squares techniques, such as the bisector fit. We apply the hierarchical method to estimate the Kennicutt-Schmidt (KS) parameters of a sample of spiral galaxies compiled by Bigiel et al. (2008). We find significant variation in the KS parameters, indicating that no single relationship holds for all galaxies. This suggests that the relationship between molecular gas and star formation differs between galaxies, possibly due to the influence of other properties within a given galaxy, such as metallicity, molecular gas fraction, or stellar mass. In four galaxies the slope estimates are sub-linear (at the 95% level). We estimate the mean index of the KS relationship for the population to be 0.84, with 95% range [0.63, 1.0]. For the galaxies with sub-linear KS relationships, a possible interpretation is that CO emission is tracing some molecular gas that is not directly associated with star formation. Equivalently, a sub-linear KS relationship may be indicative of an increasing gas depletion time at higher surface densities, as traced by CO emission. The Bayesian method can account for all sources of uncertainties, including variations in the conversion of observed intensities to star formation rates and gas surface densities, and is therefore well suited for a thorough statistical analysis of the KS law.
description: 17 pages, 3 figures, 8 tables, Accepted to MNRAS - updated to match accepted version. (Abstract abridged)
Numerical simulation of a lattice polymer model at its integrable point
Creators: name: Bedini, A.
name: Owczarek, A. L.
name: Prellberg, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We revisit an integrable lattice model of polymer collapse using numerical simulations. This model was first studied by Blöte and Nienhuis in J. Phys. A. {\bf 22}, 1415 (1989) and it describes polymers with some attraction, providing thus a model for the polymer collapse transition. At a particular set of Boltzmann weights the model is integrable and the exponents $ν=12/23\approx 0.522$ and $γ=53/46\approx 1.152$ have been computed via identification of the scaling dimensions $x_t=1/12$ and $x_h=-5/48$. We directly investigate the polymer scaling exponents via Monte Carlo simulations using the PERM algorithm. By simulating this polymer model for walks up to length 4096 we find $ν=0.576(6)$ and $γ=1.045(5)$, which are clearly different from the predicted values. Our estimate for the exponent $ν$ is compatible with the known $θ$-point value of 4/7 and in agreement with very recent numerical evaluation by Foster and Pinettes.
description: minor changes
Eye movements and mental imagery during reading of literary texts with different narrative styles
Creators: name: Magyari, Lilla
name: Mangen, Anne
name: Kuzmičová, Anežka
name: Jacobs, Arthur M.
name: Lüdtke, Jana
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: reading
subject: art perception
subject: eye movement
subject: region of interest
subject: empirical study of literature
subject: mental imagery
subject: reading speed
subject: average fixation duration
subject: 100 Philosophie und Psychologie::150 Psychologie::150 Psychologie

description: Based on Kuzmicova's (2014) phenomenological typology of narrative styles, we studied the specific contributions of mental imagery to literary reading experience and to reading behavior by combining questionnaires with eye-tracking methodology. Specifically, we focused on the two main categories in Kuzmicova's (2014) typology, i.e., texts dominated by an "enactive" style, and texts dominated by a "descriptive" style. "Enactive" style texts render characters interacting with their environment, and "descriptive" style texts render environments dissociated from human action. The quantitative analyses of word category distributions of two dominantly enactive and two dominantly descriptive texts indicated significant differences especially in the number of verbs, with more verbs in enactment compared to descriptive texts. In a second study, participants read two texts (one theoretically cueing descriptive imagery, the other cueing enactment imagery) while their eye movements were recorded. After reading, participants completed questionnaires assessing aspects of the reading experience generally, as well as their text-elicited mental imagery specifically. Results show that readers experienced more difficulties conjuring up mental images during reading descriptive style texts and that longer fixation duration on words were associated with enactive style text. We propose that enactive style involves more imagery processes which can be reflected in eye movement behavior.
Convexity of momentum map, Morse index, and quantum entanglement
Creators: name: Sawicki, Adam
name: Oszmaniec, Michał
name: Kuś, Marek
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze form the topological perspective the space of all SLOCC (Stochastic Local Operations with Classical Communication) classes of pure states for composite quantum systems. We do it for both distinguishable and indistinguishable particles. In general, the topology of this space is rather complicated as it is a non-Hausdorff space. Using geometric invariant theory (GIT) and momentum map geometry we propose a way to divide the space of all SLOCC classes into mathematically and physically meaningful families. Each family consists of possibly many `asymptotically' equivalent SLOCC classes. Moreover, each contains exactly one distinguished SLOCC class on which the total variance (a well defined measure of entanglement) of the state Var[v] attains maximum. We provide an algorithm for finding critical sets of Var[v], which makes use of the convexity of the momentum map and allows classification of such defined families of SLOCC classes. The number of families is in general infinite. We introduce an additional refinement into finitely many groups of families using the recent developments in the momentum map geometry known as Ness stratification. We also discuss how to define it equivalently using the convexity of the momentum map applied to SLOCC classes. Moreover, we note that the Morse index at the critical set of the total variance of state has an interpretation of number of non-SLOCC directions in which entanglement increases and calculate it for several exemplary systems. Finally, we introduce the SLOCC-invariant measure of entanglement as a square root of the total variance of state at the critical point and explain its geometric meaning.
description: 37 pages, 2 figures, changes in the manuscript structure
A 233 km Tunnel for Lepton and Hadron Colliders
Creators: name: Summers, D. J.
name: Cremaldi, L. M.
name: Datta, A.
name: Duraisamy, M.
name: Luo, T.
name: Lyons, G. T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A decade ago, a cost analysis was conducted to bore a 233 km circumference Very Large Hadron Collider (VLHC) tunnel passing through Fermilab. Here we outline implementations of $e^+e^-$, $p \bar{p}$, and $μ^+ μ^-$ collider rings in this tunnel using recent technological innovations. The 240 and 500 GeV $e^+e^-$ colliders employ Crab Waist Crossings, ultra low emittance damped bunches, short vertical IP focal lengths, superconducting RF, and low coercivity, grain oriented silicon steel/concrete dipoles. Some details are also provided for a high luminosity 240 GeV $e^+ e^-$ collider and 1.75 TeV muon accelerator in a Fermilab site filler tunnel. The 40 TeV $p \bar{p}$ collider uses the high intensity Fermilab $\bar{p}$ source, exploits high cross sections for $p \bar{p}$ production of high mass states, and uses 2 Tesla ultra low carbon steel/YBCO superconducting magnets run with liquid neon. The 35 TeV muon ring ramps the 2 Tesla superconducting magnets at 9 Hz every 0.4 seconds, uses 250 GV of superconducting RF to accelerate muons from 1.75 to 17.5 TeV in 63 orbits with 71% survival, and mitigates neutrino radiation with phase shifting, roller coaster motion in a FODO lattice.
description: LaTex, 6 pages, 1 figure, Advanced Accelerator Concepts Workshop, Austin, TX, 10-15 June 2012
Liz England, Lía D. Kamhi-Stein and Georgios Kormpas. English Language Teacher Education in Changing Times: Perspectives, Strategies, and New Ways of Teaching and Learning. 2023.
Creators: name: Surahmat, Zulkifli
name: Hasanah, Uswatun
name: Lao, Yandres Answo Djedelbert
Publisher: name: Kervan. International Journal of African and Asian Studies
Year: 2023

description: Kervan. International Journal of African and Asian Studies, V. 27 N. 1 (2023): Kervan 27, 2023
Holographic Brownian Motion in Magnetic Environments
Creators: name: Fischler, Willy
name: Pedraza, Juan F.
name: Garcia, Walter Tangarife
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using the gauge/gravity correspondence, we study the dynamics of a heavy quark in two strongly-coupled systems at finite temperature: Super-Yang-Mills in the presence of a magnetic field and non-commutative Super-Yang-Mills. In the former, our results agree qualitatively with the expected behavior from weakly-coupled theories. In the latter, we propose a Langevin equation that accounts for the effects of non-commutativity and we find new interesting features. The equation resembles the structure of Brownian motion in the presence of a magnetic field and implies that the fluctuations along non-commutative directions are correlated. Moreover, our results show that the viscosity is smaller than the commutative case and that the diffusion properties of the quark are unaffected by non-commutativity. Finally, we compute the random force autocorrelator and verify that the fluctuation-dissipation theorem holds in the presence of non-commutativity.
description: 34 pages. v2: typos corrected. v3: title and abstract slightly modified in order to better reflect the contents of the paper; footnote 3 and one reference were also added; version accepted for publication in JHEP
Effects of chain decays, radial flow and $U_{A}(1)$ restoration on the low-mass dilepton enhancement in $\sqrt{s_{NN}}=200$ GeV Au+Au reactions
Creators: name: Vargyas, Marton
name: Vertesi, Robert
name: Csorgo, Tamas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In sqrt(sNN) = 200 GeV Au+Au collisions PHENIX reported a significant enhancement in the low-mass region (0.1 < m_ee < 0.7 GeV) of the dielectron spectrum, which is still not fully understood. Several theoretical works and an indirect measurement suggest that, due to the possible restoration of the U_A(1) part of the chiral symmetry in a hot and dense medium, the mass of the eta' meson may substantially decrease. This work reports on a statistically acceptable description of the PHENIX low-mass dilepton enhancement using a radial flow dominated meson spectra, chain decays of long-lived resonances and an in-medium eta' mass modification.
A scaling limit for the length of the longest cycle in a sparse random graph
Creators: name: Anastos, Michael
name: Frieze, Alan
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Longest cycle
subject: Sparse random graph
subject: Scaling limit
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::510 Mathematik::510 Mathematik

description: We discuss the length L-c,L-n of the longest cycle in a sparse random graph G(n,p), p = c/n, c constant. We show that for large c there exists a function f (c) such that L-c,L-n/n -> f (c) a.s. The function f (c) = 1 - Sigma(infinity)(k=1) p(k)(c)e(-kc) where pk(c) is a polynomial in c. We are only able to explicitly give the values p(1), p(2), although we could in principle compute any p(k). We see immediately that the length of the longest path is also asymptotic to f (c)n w.h.p.
ganon: precise metagenomics classification against large and up-to-date sets of reference sequences
Creators: name: Piro, Vitor C.
name: Dadi, Temesgen H.
name: Seiler, Enrico
name: Reinert, Knut
name: Renard, Bernhard Y.
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: algorithms
subject: alignment
subject: metagenomics classification
subject: 000 Informatik, Informationswissenschaft, allgemeine Werke::000 Informatik, Wissen, Systeme::000 Informatik, Informationswissenschaft, allgemeine Werke

description: Motivation: The exponential growth of assembled genome sequences greatly benefits metagenomics studies. However, currently available methods struggle to manage the increasing amount of sequences and their frequent updates. Indexing the current RefSeq can take days and hundreds of GB of memory on large servers. Few methods address these issues thus far, and even though many can theoretically handle large amounts of references, time/memory requirements are prohibitive in practice. As a result, many studies that require sequence classification use often outdated and almost never truly up-to-date indices. Results: Motivated by those limitations, we created ganon, a k-mer-based read classification tool that uses Interleaved Bloom Filters in conjunction with a taxonomic clustering and a k-mer counting/filtering scheme. Ganon provides an efficient method for indexing references, keeping them updated. It requires <55 min to index the complete RefSeq of bacteria, archaea, fungi and viruses. The tool can further keep these indices up-to-date in a fraction of the time necessary to create them. Ganon makes it possible to query against very large reference sets and therefore it classifies significantly more reads and identifies more species than similar methods. When classifying a high-complexity CAMI challenge dataset against complete genomes from RefSeq, ganon shows strongly increased precision with equal or better sensitivity compared with state-of-the-art tools. With the same dataset against the complete RefSeq, ganon improved the F1-score by 65% at the genus level. It supports taxonomy- and assembly-level classification, multiple indices and hierarchical classification.
Christianity in Kim Hyun-seung’s poetry
Creators: name: Lee, Hyub
name: Kim, Cheol-Soo
Publisher: name: Kervan. International Journal of African and Asian Studies
Year: 2023

description: This article attempts to analyze how Kim Hyun-seung’s thoughts about Christianity have changed throughout his poetic works. Considered to be a Puritan-like-figure, Kim Hyun-seung is regarded as the most representative Christian poet in Korea. His works, often written in a solemn mood, are characterized by prayer and devotion to God. In Autumn, the significant season for Kim, he gets immersed in religious contemplation. As a solely wandering bird in his works, the raven symbolizes his religious soul. However, Kim was skeptical about the religion during his middle period due to the limitations of Christianity. His frustration was accompanied by solid solitude with the loss of God, which is in opposition to Kierkegaardian solitude. After suffering from a crisis of death, he returned to Christianity with absolute faith in his final years. His oscillation between the religious faith and the recognition of reality reflects his persistent pursuit of religious ethics, which cannot be fully satiated.
description: Kervan. International Journal of African and Asian Studies, V. 27 N. 1 (2023): Kervan 27, 2023
U. Neddermeyer, Von der Handschrift zum gedruckten Buch. Schriftlichkeit und Leseinteresse im Mittelalter und in der frühen Neuzeit. Quantitative und qualitative Aspekte. 1: Text. 2: Anlagen, 1998
Creators: name: Barbier, F.
Publisher: name: Francia
Year: 2019

description: Francia, Bd. 27 Nr. 2 (2000)
Critical sets of the total variance of state detect all SLOCC entanglement classes
Creators: name: Sawicki, Adam
name: Oszmaniec, Michał
name: Kuś, Marek
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a general algorithm for finding all classes of pure multiparticle states equivalent under Stochastic Local Operations and Classsical Communication (SLOCC). We parametrize all SLOCC classes by the critical sets of the total variance function. Our method works for arbitrary systems of distinguishable and indistinguishable particles. We also discuss the Morse indices of critical points which have the interpretation of the number of independent non-local perturbations increasing the variance and hence entanglement of a state. We illustrate our method by two examples.
description: 4 pages
L. Febvre, Margarete von Navarra. Eine Königin der Renaissance zwischen Macht, Liebe und Religion, hg. und mit einem Nachwort von P. Schöttler. Aus dem Französischen von G. Osterwald, 1998
Creators: name: Vogel, S.
Publisher: name: Francia
Year: 2019

description: Francia, Bd. 27 Nr. 2 (2000)
The use of Cobalt in 18th Dynasty Blue Glass from Amarna: the results from an on-site analysis using portable XRF technology
Creators: name: Hodgkinson, Anna K.
name: Röhrs, Stefan
name: Müller, Katharina
name: Reiche, Ina
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Late Bronze Age
subject: Amarna - Egypt
subject: cobalt
subject: workshops
subject: glass
subject: portable XRF
subject: 900 Geschichte und Geografie::930 Geschichte des Altertums (bis ca. 499), Archäologie::932 Geschichte Ägyptens bis 640

description: Cobalt was commonly used as a colourant in the Egyptian glass industries of the 18th dynasty, dark blue glass being a regular find at palatial and settlement sites, including Amarna and Malqata. The main source of cobalt ore used during this period has been identified in the Egyptian western desert, around the oases of Kharga and Dakhla. In order to better understand the chaine operatoire of Late Bronze Age glass production and -working, in particular with regard to cobalt ore, at Amarna, chemical analysis by portable X-Ray fluorescence was carried out in the field. This was done on contextualised archaeological material excavated at the site of Amarna, which cannot be exported from Egypt for analysis. The results of this study demonstrate how cobalt ore was used in the various known workshop sites at Amarna, resulting in a deeper understanding of raw materials use and exchange across this settlement.
A. Hartmann (Hg.), Thomas Platter. Lebensbeschreibung. Zweite Auflage und ergänzt von U. Dill mit einem Nachwort von H. Jacob-Frisen, 1999
Creators: name: Pariset, J.-D.
Publisher: name: Francia
Year: 2019

description: Francia, Bd. 27 Nr. 2 (2000)
Legal Paradigm Shifts and Their Impacts on the Socio-Spatial Exclusion of Asylum Seekers in Denmark
Creators: name: Kreichauf, Rene
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: politics
subject: refugees
subject: reception
subject: 300 Sozialwissenschaften::300 Sozialwissenschaften, Soziologie::300 Sozialwissenschaften

description: This chapter discusses the genesis of Denmark’s asylum accommodation system and recent legal and socio-spatial changes as a reaction to the increase of arrivals. By elucidating the structures and objectives of asylum accommodation, I present that the state’s further tightening of restrictive reception and accommodation policies significantly impacts the socio-spatial configurations of accommodations, refugees’ access to housing and their well-being. I discuss the links between the tensioning of laws, the reduction of living conditions and the (re-)constitution of large accommodations as means of socio-spatial exclusion. Applying the case of Denmark’s Hovedstaden Region (Capital Region), I finally argue that asylum accommodation is a central instrument of Denmark’s approaches to strategically isolate forced migrants and to deter them from migrating to Denmark.
The collapse of social capital: A lesson from Madura, Indonesia
Creators: name: Rosyadi, Khoirul
name: Dasion, Agustinus Gergorius Raja
name: Arsyadmunir, Ahmad
Publisher: name: Kervan. International Journal of African and Asian Studies
Year: 2023

description: This qualitative research tried to look at the failure of the smallholder sugarcane development in Madura. To understand this issue, the approach used was social capital analysis by looking at trust as an important factor. The objective of this research was to understand and explore why the sugarcane development failed in Madura. This research used a qualitative method with a case study approach. The informants were recruited from three regencies in Madura: Bangkalan, Sampang, and Pamekasan) using purposive sampling. The results showed that the failure of the sugarcane development in Madura was due to distrust of farmers and investors as the two actors of sugarcane farming. This distrust arose as they were suspicious of one another and there was no honesty among them. Thus, trust as social capital is needed to develop a sugarcane business in Madura.
description: Kervan. International Journal of African and Asian Studies, V. 27 N. 1 (2023): Kervan 27, 2023
A note on the local theta correspondence for unitary similitude dual pairs
Creators: name: Zhang, Chong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Following Roberts' work in the case of orthogonal-symplectic similitude dual pairs, we study the local theta correspondence for unitary similitude dual pairs over a $p$-adic field.
description: minor changes; reference added
ʿArafāt’s speech at the United Nations (1974): A Perelmanian reading of the text rhetoric
Creators: name: Comelli, Paola
Publisher: name: Kervan. International Journal of African and Asian Studies
Year: 2023

description: On November 22nd, 1974, the United Nations General Assembly promulgated resolutions No. 3236 and No. 3237, recognizing the political, cultural, and socio-economic rights of the Palestinian people, and formalizing the PLO’s participation in the General Assembly as an observer. These important resolutions were issued following the historic speech given by the President of the Palestine Liberation Organization, Yāsir ʿArafāt, on November 13th, 1974, before the United Nations General Assembly. This paper consists in the rhetorical and linguistic analysis of the main argumentative strategies employed by the Palestinian leader in his speech to achieve his perlocutionary goals. Specifically, the analysis is carried out on the basis of the methodological tools developed by Perelman and Olbrecths-Tyteca in The New Rhetoric: A Treatise on Argumentation (1969). The Perelmanian tools are applied to ʿArafāt’s Arabic speech in order to determine the rhetorical techniques employed to build the audience’s agreement and to persuade them about the necessity to accommodate his people’s requests. From this research emerges the in-depth knowledge that the speaker has of his audience, addressing, from time to time, a particular or a universal audience, in an attempt to reach an agreement that is as broad as possible. For this reason, the speaker carefully chooses the language through which to convey his message, excluding the Islamic formulas and lexicon, which usually characterize his speeches. Furthermore, the agreement with the public is established through the repeated reference to universal values, which allow him to place the Palestinian question in a framework shared by the audience. Finally, the present study illustrates the copious argumentative strategies that ʿArafāt employs to generate a change of perspective on the Palestinian question, facilitating the process of persuasion.
description: Kervan. International Journal of African and Asian Studies, V. 27 N. 1 (2023): Kervan 27, 2023
RTSPM: Real-time Linux control software for scanning probe microscopy
Creators: name: Chandrasekhar, Venkat
name: Mehta, Manan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Real time computer control is an essential feature of scanning probe microscopes, which have become essential tools for the characterization and investigation of nanometer scale samples. Most commercial (and some open-source) scanning probe data acquisition software uses digital signal processors (DSPs) to handle the real time data processing and control, which adds to the expense and complexity of the control software. We describe here scan control software that uses a single computer and a data acquisition card to acquire scan data. The computer runs an open-source real time Linux kernel, which permits fast acquisition and control while maintaining a responsive graphical user interface. Images from a simulated tuning-fork based microscope as well as a standard topographical sample are also presented, showing some of the capabilities of the software.
description: 15 pages, 5 figures
Confined hydration in nanometer-graded plasma polymer films: Insights from surface-enhanced infrared absorption spectroscopy
Creators: name: Bülbül, Ezgi
name: Hegemann, Dirk
name: Ataka, Kenichi
name: Lehner, Sandro
name: Heberle, Joachim
name: Heuberger, Manfred
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Siloxane plasma polymers
subject: Amphiphilic gradient
subject: Subsurface hydration
subject: Water confinement
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::530 Physik::530 Physik

description: To shed light on recently explored long-range surface forces generated by subsurface-confined water, the structural characteristics of water molecules penetrating into nanoporous homogeneous and nanograded siloxane plasma polymer films (PPFs) over the time scale of 24 hours are studied by surface-enhanced IR spectroscopy (SEIRAS). Chemically graded PPFs, with embedded hydrophobic-to-hydrophilic gradient, are found to significantly change the average interfacial water orientation due to a unique nanoporous morphology and silanol group coordination. Diffusion of water through the hydrophobic SiO:CH matrix creates an evolution of the coordination of matrix silanol groups, which are eventually deprotonated as soon as the hydration network connects to the aqueous environment. This occurs after -6 hours of water immersion and coincides with the change of average interfacial water orientation. Both effects are present on hydrophobic samples, but are significantly amplified by the presence of the subsurface vertical amphiphilic gradient (Vgrad), whereas enhanced water uptake in oxygen-plasma modified graded PPFs is covering such effects.
Identity salience, change and stability in Amman
Creators: name: Qaddoumi, Rand Muen
name: Zibin, Aseel
name: Jarrah, Marwan
Publisher: name: Kervan. International Journal of African and Asian Studies
Year: 2023

description: This study investigates identity salience of four types of identities; national, religious, cultural and global, for Ammani people in view of the post-structuralist perspective on identity (Baxter 2016). It also examines the extent to which age, gender and the social context affect identity change and stability in light of Communication Accommodation Theory (Giles et al. 2012). The analysis of the data reveals that the most salient identity for the participants is the religious identity for both genders and all age groups, except in certain circumstances namely traveling, where national identity was shown to be the most salient. Gender and age play an important role in the extent to which each group attaches itself to each type of identity and the way they view these attachments. The results suggest that Amman could be witnessing a change in its identity construction and the way its people express their identity.
description: Kervan. International Journal of African and Asian Studies, V. 27 N. 1 (2023): Kervan 27, 2023
Agricultural land acquisitions unlikely to address the food security needs of African countries
Creators: name: Mechiche-Alami, Altaaf
name: Yagoubi, Jihad
name: Nicholas, Kimberly A.
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Food security
subject: Land grabbing
subject: Sustainable development
subject: Land conflict
subject: Livelihood
subject: Deforestation
subject: Extractivism
subject: 300 Sozialwissenschaften::320 Politikwissenschaft::320 Politikwissenschaft

description: In recent years, Large Scale Land Acquisitions (LSLA), direct land tenure changes have been gaining momentum in developing countries. In this study, we evaluate the potential extent to which agricultural land deals in Africa are able to address the host countries' food security needs, a commonly cited motivation for their establishment. First, we develop a framework to evaluate the priority food security needs of 38 African countries in 2000 based on indicators of food availability, accessibility, stability, and utilization. Second, we estimate whether the crops from land deals would be sold on export or local food markets based on the origin of investments (domestic, foreign or mixed), type of investors (eg. agribusiness, finance, or government) and the intended crops (eg. food, cash crop, or biofuel). This enables us to estimate how likely the investment is to improve in-country food security, versus serving other purposes (e.g., speculation, enclosure of natural resources). Third, we account for the characteristics of the locations where the deals happen (population density, land cover and distance to markets) in order to estimate the level of conflict and deforestation that they could exacerbate. We find that LSLA are only likely to address the identified food security needs of 7 countries. LSLA are also at risk of increasing land pressures and conflicts or deforestation on 83% of the acquired area, including in countries where they could meet food security needs. We also find that the more productive lands are most often allocated to flex crops, while food crops are produced on more marginal lands. We thus argue that even when their purpose is agricultural production, most LSLA are not likely to improve food security; rather, they often serve the financial interests of transnational companies and local elites with the support of host governments. Finally, we recommend agricultural investments to be elaborated in consultation with local communities and marginalized groups to sustainably support their socio-ecological systems.
Grégoire de Tours et l'espace gaulois. Actes du congrès international, Tours, 3–5 novembre 1994. Textes réunis par N. Gauthier et H. Galinié, 1997
Creators: name: Staab, F.
Publisher: name: Francia
Year: 2019

description: Francia, Bd. 28 Nr. 1 (2001)
Electronic structure of hole-doped delafossite oxides CuCr_{1-x}Mg_{x}O_{2}
Creators: name: Yokobori, T.
name: Okawa, M.
name: Konishi, K.
name: Takei, R.
name: Katayama, K.
name: Oozono, S.
name: Shinmura, T.
name: Okuda, T.
name: Wadati, H.
name: Sakai, E.
name: Ono, K.
name: Kumigashira, H.
name: Oshima, M.
name: Sugiyama, T.
name: Ikenaga, E.
name: Hamada, N.
name: Saitoh, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the detailed electronic structure of a hole-doped delafossite oxide CuCr_{1-x}Mg_{x}O_{2} (0 <= x <= 0.03) studied by photoemission spectroscopy (PES), soft x-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS), and band-structure calculations within the local-density approximation +U (LDA+U) scheme. Cr/Cu 3p-3d resonant PES reveals that the near-Fermi-level leading structure has primarily the Cr 3d character with a minor contribution from the Cu 3d through Cu 3d-O 2p-Cr 3d hybridization, having good agreement with the band-structure calculations. This indicates that a doped hole will have primarily the Cr 3d character. Cr 2p PES and L-edge XAS spectra exhibit typical Cr^{3+} features for all x, while the Cu L-edge XAS spectra exhibited a systematic change with x. This indicates now that the Cu valence is monovalent at x=0 and the doped hole should have Cu 3d character. Nevertheless, we surprisingly observed two types of charge-transfer satellites that should be attributed to Cu^{+} (3d^{10}) and Cu^{2+} (3d^{9}) like initial states in Cu 2p-3d resonant PES spectrum for at x=0, while Cu 2p PES spectra with no doubt shows the Cu^{+} character even for the lightly doped samples. We propose that these contradictory results can be understood by introducing no only the Cu 4s state, but also finite Cu 3d,4s-Cr 3d charge transfer via O 2p states in the ground-state electronic configuration.
description: 9 pages, 9 figures, revised version accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. B
The oblation abuser will have the fate of the thirsty buffalo: A brief note on Ṛgveda 10.28.10cd-11ab
Creators: name: Del Toso, Krishna
Publisher: name: Kervan. International Journal of African and Asian Studies
Year: 2023

description: The primary aim of this article is to provide a case study of textual hermeneutics in the context of Vedic literature. It will be shown how some interpretative pitfalls, into which contemporary translators have fallen, can be avoided if we broaden the perspective beyond the semantics of words and apply a principle of plausibility. The case study concerns the analysis of Ṛgveda 10.28, with special reference to the wildlife episodes depicted in verses 10cd-11ab. A few modern translations in Western languages of 10cd are here considered. Some of them show that a principle of plausibility has been actually taken into account by their authors while approaching the text, albeit the result does not seem always entirely satisfactory. Some other translations seem not to carefully consider the broader context, therefore failing to convincingly make sense of the original text. After an introduction on the general subject of the hymn as it emerges from verses 1-9, i.e., the Vedic sacrifice and the subsequent consumption of the sacrificial offerings, arguments and textual evidence are provided in order to show how the reading of 10cd acquires a cogent and very plausible meaning if regarded in light of verse 11ab.
description: Kervan. International Journal of African and Asian Studies, V. 27 N. 1 (2023): Kervan 27, 2023
Towards the Lattice Effects on the Holographic Superconductor
Creators: name: Iizuka, Norihiro
name: Maeda, Kengo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the lattice effects on the simple holographic toy model; massive U(1) gauge theory for the bulk action. The mass term is for the U(1) gauge symmetry breaking in the bulk. Without the lattice, the AC conductivity of this model shows similar results to the holographic superconductor with the energy gap. On this model, we introduce the lattice effects, which induce the periodic potential and break the translational invariance of the boundary field theory. Without the lattice, due to the translational invariance and the mass term, there is a delta function peak at zero frequency on the AC conductivity. We study how this delta function peak is influenced by the lattice effects, which we introduce perturbatively. In the probe limit, we evaluate the perturbative corrections to the conductivities at very small frequency limit. We find that the delta function peak remains, even after the lattice effects are introduced, although its weight reduces perturbatively. We also study the lattice wavenumber dependence of this weight. Our result suggests that in the U(1) symmetry breaking phase, the delta function peak is stable against the lattice effects at least perturbatively.
description: 24 pages, 24 figures. v2: minor corrections
Two-Stage Fragmentation for Cluster Formation: Analytical Model and Observational Considerations
Creators: name: Bailey, Nicole D.
name: Basu, Shantanu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Linear analysis of the formation of protostellar cores in planar magnetic interstellar clouds shows that molecular clouds exhibit a preferred length scale for collapse that depends on the mass-to-flux ratio and neutral-ion collision time within the cloud. We extend this linear analysis to the context of clustered star formation. By combining the results of the linear analysis with a realistic ionization profile for the cloud, we find that a molecular cloud may evolve through two fragmentation events in the evolution toward the formation of stars. Our model suggests that the initial fragmentation into clumps occurs for a transcritical cloud on parsec scales while the second fragmentation can occur for transcritical and supercritical cores on subparsec scales. Comparison of our results with several star forming regions (Perseus, Taurus, Pipe Nebula) shows support for a two-stage fragmentation model.
description: 15 pages, 6 figures, 7 tables. Accepted for publication in ApJ
Social disruption: Sublethal pesticides in pollen lead to Apis mellifera queen events and brood loss
Creators: name: Traynor, Kirsten S.
name: VanEngelsdorp, Dennis
name: Lamas, Zachary S.
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Apis mellifera
subject: Pesticide
subject: Fungicide
subject: Toxicity
subject: Brood
subject: Queen loss
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie

description: Eusocial Apis mellifera colonies depend on queen longevity and brood viability to survive, as the queen is the sole reproductive individual and the maturing brood replenishes the shorter-lived worker bees. Production of many crops rely on both pesticides and bee pollination to improve crop quantity and quality, yet sublethal impacts of this pesticide exposure is often poorly understood. We investigated the resiliency of queens and their brood after one month of sublethal exposure to field relevant doses of pesticides that mimic exposure during commercial pollination contracts. We exposed full size colonies to pollen contaminated with field-relevant doses of the fungicides (chlorothalonil and propicanizole), insecticides (chlorypyrifos and fenpropathrin) or both, noting a significant reduction in pollen consumption in colonies exposed to fungicides compared to control. While we found no difference in the total amount of pollen collected per colony, a higher proportion of pollen to nonpollen foragers was detected in all pesticide exposed colonies. After ceasing treatments, we measured brood development, discovering a significant increase in brood loss and/or cannibalism across all pesticide exposed groups. Sublethal pesticide exposure in general was linked to reduced production of replacement workers and a change in protein acquisition (pollen vs. non-pollen foraging). Fungicide exposure also resulted in increased loss of the reproductive queen.
Solution of the Anderson impurity model via the functional renormalization group
Creators: name: Streib, Simon
name: Isidori, Aldo
name: Kopietz, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that the functional renormalization group is a numerically cheap method to obtain the low-energy behavior of the Anderson impurity model describing a localized interacting electron coupled to a bath of conduction electrons. Our approach uses an external magnetic field as flow parameter, partial bosonization of the transverse spin fluctuations, and frequency-independent interaction vertices which are fixed by Ward identities. We calculate the quasi-particle residue and the spin susceptibility in the particle-hole symmetric case and obtain excellent agreement with the Bethe ansatz results for arbitrary strengths of the interaction.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures; version published in PRB Rapid Communications
Interacting viscous ghost tachyon, K-essence and dilaton scalar field models of dark energy
Creators: name: Karami, K.
name: Fahimi, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the correspondence between the interacting viscous ghost dark energy model with the tachyon, K-essence and dilaton scalar field models in the framework of Einstein gravity. We consider a spatially non-flat FRW universe filled with interacting viscous ghost dark energy and dark matter. We reconstruct both the dynamics and potential of these scalar field models according to the evolutionary behavior of the interacting viscous ghost dark energy model, which can describe the accelerated expansion of the universe. Our numerical results show that the interaction and viscosity have opposite effects on the evolutionary properties of the ghost scalar filed models.
description: 16 pages, 17 figures
The representation of anti-black racism in Egyptian movies
Creators: name: Al-Qudah, Isra
name: Haider, Ahmad S.
name: Abu Tair, Susan
Publisher: name: Kervan. International Journal of African and Asian Studies
Year: 2023

description: With the flames of racial and ethnic discrimination glowing vehemently everywhere, the present study probes into the representation of color-based discrimination in Egyptian movies. It depicts the stereotypes and value judgments taken as norms characterizing black people in Egyptian movies. The paper's methodological approach is both qualitative and quantitative. Quantitatively, a structured questionnaire on Microsoft forms consisting of three questions that are related to Movie watching habits, stereotyping, and attitudes & future recommendations, was used to elicit 75 viewers' reactions toward the negative representation of black people in Egyptian movies. Qualitatively, the researchers analyzed some scenes that were extracted from six Egyptian movies. The quantitative findings showed that some of the participants have a typical stereotype about black people based on what they watch in the movies and recommended representing them in a better way in the future. The qualitative findings revealed inter-discoursal characteristics of racist discourse in Egyptian movies. The conclusions and recommendations call upon global media hubs and social media platforms to help combat and eradicate racism through banning the production of TV programs and shows that condone racist beliefs and practices.
description: Kervan. International Journal of African and Asian Studies, V. 27 N. 1 (2023): Kervan 27, 2023
Comparative in silico genome analysis of Clostridium perfringens unravels stable phylogroups with different genome characteristics and pathogenic potential
Creators: name: Abdel-Glil, Mostafa Y.
name: Thomas, Prasad
name: Linde, Jörg
name: Busch, Anne
name: Wieler, Lothar H.
name: Neubauer, Heinrich
name: Seyboldt, Christian
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Bacterial genetics
subject: Bacterial infection
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Phylogenetics
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie

description: Clostridium perfringens causes a plethora of devastating infections, with toxin production being the underlying mechanism of pathogenicity in various hosts. Genomic analyses of 206 public-available C. perfringens strains ' sequence data identified a substantial degree of genomic variability in respect to episome content, chromosome size and mobile elements. However, the position and order of the local collinear blocks on the chromosome showed a considerable degree of preservation. The strains were divided into five stable phylogroups (I-V). Phylogroup I contained human food poisoning strains with chromosomal enterotoxin (cpe) and a Darmbrand strain characterized by a high frequency of mobile elements, a relatively small genome size and a marked loss of chromosomal genes, including loss of genes encoding virulence traits. These features might correspond to the adaptation of these strains to a particular habitat, causing human foodborne illnesses. This contrasts strains that belong to phylogroup II where the genome size points to the acquisition of genetic material. Most strains of phylogroup II have been isolated from enteric lesions in horses and dogs. Phylogroups III, IV and V are heterogeneous groups containing a variety of different strains, with phylogroup III being the most abundant (65.5%). In conclusion, C. perfringens displays five stable phylogroups reflecting different disease involvements, prompting further studies on the evolution of this highly important pathogen.
Coattails and spillover-effects: Quasi-experimental evidence from concurrent executive and legislative elections
Creators: name: Rudolph, Lukas
name: Leininger, Arndt
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Concurrency
subject: Turnout
subject: Electoral outcomes
subject: Election timing
subject: Second-order elections
subject: Quasi-experiment
subject: 300 Sozialwissenschaften::320 Politikwissenschaft::320 Politikwissenschaft

description: Concurrent elections are widely used to increase turnout. We theorize and show empirically how concurrency affects electoral outcomes. First, concurrency increases turnout and thereby the participation of peripheral voters. Second, in combined elections, one electoral arena affects the other. In our case of majoritarian executive elections concurrent to proportional representation (PR) legislative elections, the centripetal tendency of majoritarian elections colors off to the concurrent PR race. Third, concurrency also entails spillovers of the incumbency advantage of executive officeholders to the concurrent legislative race. Drawing on quasi-random variation in local election timing in Germany, we show that concurrency increases turnout as well as council votes for the incumbent mayor?s party and centrist parties more generally, with slightly more pronounced gains for the political left. As a consequence, concurrent elections consolidate party systems and political power by leading to less fragmented municipal councils and more unified local governments.