Desyopone Boudinot &amp; Richter &amp; Hammel &amp; Szwedo &amp; Bojarski &amp; Perrichot 2022, gen. nov.
Creators: name: Boudinot, Brendon E.
name: Richter, Adrian K.
name: Hammel, Jörg U.
name: Szwedo, Jacek
name: Bojarski, Błażej
name: Perrichot, Vincent
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Formicidae
Desyopone

description: Genus † <i>Desyopone</i> gen. nov. Boudinot and Perrichot Type species. † <i>Desyopone hereon</i> <b>sp. nov.</b>, by present designation monotypy. <i>ZooBank LSID</i>: urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 7228E671-DF5E-44D1-ADE6-62FB6DB34220. <i>Etymology</i>. The genus name is a portmanteau of the traditional ponerine generic suffix, “-pone”, and the acronym for the Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY), whose storage ring and radiation beamline facilities were used to generate the phenomic data that were crucial for the correct identification of the new taxon. <i>Diagnosis</i>. † <i>Desyopone</i> has plesiomorphies 1–4 of Ponerinae and is identifiable as Ponerini at minimum due to the vestigial mandibles and infraaxial helcium. † <i>Desyopone</i> and <i>Cryptopone</i> are uniquely identified among all Ponerinae by: (1) subpetiolar process completely absent, with the poststernite low and nearly flat in profile. The new genus differs from the males of all known <i>Cryptopone</i> by the following: (2) head broader than long, excluding the compound eyes (vs. head narrower than long); (3) mandibles elongate (vs. short); (4) mandibles lobate (vs. spiniform); (5) mesospiracular sclerite evidently absent (vs. this sclerite present); (6) meso- and metatibiae with no spur and one spur, respectively (vs. two spurs each); and (7) petiolar peduncle long, about as long as node is tall (vs. peduncle short, considerable shorter than height of node). <i>Remarks</i>. The identity of <i>Cryptopone</i> is significantly clarified by the phenomic data from the new species and the phylogenomic revision of Branstetter and Longino [50]. Prior to this work, the diagnostic importance of the absent subpetiolar process was obscured by the inclusion of <i>Wadeura guianensis</i> in <i>Cryptopone</i>. Now it is clear that the absence of the subpetiolar process is a unique condition among extant Ponerinae that is shared between † <i>Desyopone</i> <b>gen. nov.</b> and <i>Cryptopone</i>, and thus constitutes a reasonable autapomorphy within the subfamily for the two genera. No known <i>Cryptopone</i>, however, matches the diagnostic character combination of † <i>Desyopone</i> <b>gen. nov.</b>, with conditions 3–7 being apomorphic. Critically, the elongate peduncle of † <i>D. hereon</i> <b>gen. et sp. nov.</b> is nearly unique among Ponerinae; this condition is similarly derived in <i>Harpegnathos</i> and is approached by <i>Dinoponera</i>, some <i>Odontomachus</i> (e.g., <i>O. chelifer</i>, <i>O. coquereli</i>), and <i>Platythyrea</i> (although node at middle of segment rather than posterior).
description: Published as part of <i>Boudinot, Brendon E., Richter, Adrian K., Hammel, Jörg U., Szwedo, Jacek, Bojarski, Błażej &amp; Perrichot, Vincent, 2022, Genomic-Phenomic Reciprocal Illumination: Desyopone hereon gen. et sp. nov., an Exceptional Aneuretine-like Fossil Ant from Ethiopian Amber (Hymenoptera: Formicidae: Ponerinae), pp. 1-19 in Insects 73 (796)</i> on page 8, DOI: 10.3390/insects13090796, http://zenodo.org/record/7046409
description: {"references": ["50. Branstetter, M. G.; Longino, J. T. UCE phylogenomics of New World Cryptopone (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) elucidates genus boundaries, species boundaries, and the vicariant history of a temperate - tropical disjunction. Insect Syst. Divers. 2022, 6, 1 - 23. [CrossRef]"]}