cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Learning (Predictive) Risk Scores in the Presence of Censoring due to Interventions
Creators: name: Dyagilev, Kirill
name: Saria, Suchi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: A large and diverse set of measurements are regularly collected during a patient's hospital stay to monitor their health status. Tools for integrating these measurements into severity scores, that accurately track changes in illness severity, can improve clinicians ability to provide timely interventions. Existing approaches for creating such scores either 1) rely on experts to fully specify the severity score, or 2) train a predictive score, using supervised learning, by regressing against a surrogate marker of severity such as the presence of downstream adverse events. The first approach does not extend to diseases where an accurate score cannot be elicited from experts. The second approach often produces scores that suffer from bias due to treatment-related censoring (Paxton, 2013). We propose a novel ranking based framework for disease severity score learning (DSSL). DSSL exploits the following key observation: while it is challenging for experts to quantify the disease severity at any given time, it is often easy to compare the disease severity at two different times. Extending existing ranking algorithms, DSSL learns a function that maps a vector of patient's measurements to a scalar severity score such that the resulting score is temporally smooth and consistent with the expert's ranking of pairs of disease states. We apply DSSL to the problem of learning a sepsis severity score using a large, real-world dataset. The learned scores significantly outperform state-of-the-art clinical scores in ranking patient states by severity and in early detection of future adverse events. We also show that the learned disease severity trajectories are consistent with clinical expectations of disease evolution. Further, using simulated datasets, we show that DSSL exhibits better generalization performance to changes in treatment patterns compared to the above approaches.
RadioAstron discovery of a mini-cocoon around the restarted parsec-scale jet in 3C 84
Creators: name: Savolainen, T.
name: Giovannini, G.
name: Kovalev, Y. Y.
name: Perucho, M.
name: Anderson, J. M.
name: Bruni, G.
name: Edwards, P. G.
name: Fuentes, A.
name: Giroletti, M.
name: Gómez, J. L.
name: Hada, K.
name: Lee, S. S.
name: Lisakov, M. M.
name: Lobanov, A. P.
name: López-Miralles, J.
name: Orienti, M.
name: Petrov, L.
name: Plavin, A. V.
name: Sohn, B. W.
name: Sokolovsky, K. V.
name: Voitsik, P. A.
name: Zensus, J. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present RadioAstron space-based very long baseline interferometry (VLBI) observations of the nearby radio galaxy 3C84 (NGC1275) at the centre of the Perseus cluster. The observations were carried out on September 21-22, 2013 and involved a global array of 24 ground radio telescopes observing at 5 GHz and 22 GHz, together with the Space Radio Telescope (SRT). Furthermore, the Very Long Baseline Array (VLBA) and the phased Very Large Array (VLA) observed the source quasi-simultaneously at 15 GHz and 43 GHz. Fringes between the ground array and the SRT were detected on baseline lengths up to 8.1 times the Earth's diameter, providing unprecedented resolution for 3C 84 at these wavelengths. We note that the corresponding fringe spacing is 125 microarcsec at 5 GHz and 27 microarcsec at 22 GHz. Our space-VLBI images reveal a previously unseen sub-structure inside the compact 1 pc long jet that was ejected about ten years earlier. In the 5 GHz image, we detected, for the first time, low-intensity emission from a cocoon-like structure around the restarted jet. Our results suggest that the increased power of the young jet is inflating a bubble of hot plasma as it carves its way through the ambient medium of the central region of the galaxy. Here, we estimate the minimum energy stored in the mini-cocoon, along with its pressure, volume, expansion speed, and the ratio of heavy particles to relativistic electrons, as well as the density of the ambient medium. About half of the energy delivered by the jet is dumped into the mini-cocoon and the quasi-spherical shape of the bubble suggests that this energy may be transferred to a significantly larger volume of the interstellar medium than what would be accomplished by the well-collimated jet on its own. The pressure of the hot mini-cocoon also provides a natural explanation for the almost cylindrical jet profile seen in the 22 GHz RadioAstron image.
description: To be published in Astronomy & Astrophysics
Högden: Attributkonditionierung (abhängig)
Creators: name: Schwab, Sandra
name: Stahl, Christoph
name: Wicher, Cara
name: Boveleth, Chiara
name: Schneider, Johanna
name: Kronenberg, Sarah
name: Pape, Patricia
name: Busch, Melina
name: Laukötter, Darius
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Educational Psychology
subject: Education

description: Untersuchung des Einstellungserwerbs durch Attributkonditionierung bei abhängigen Attributen
Learning to Search in Task and Motion Planning with Streams
Creators: name: Khodeir, Mohamed
name: Agro, Ben
name: Shkurti, Florian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Task and motion planning problems in robotics combine symbolic planning over discrete task variables with motion optimization over continuous state and action variables. Recent works such as PDDLStream have focused on optimistic planning with an incrementally growing set of objects until a feasible trajectory is found. However, this set is exhaustively expanded in a breadth-first manner, regardless of the logical and geometric structure of the problem at hand, which makes long-horizon reasoning with large numbers of objects prohibitively time-consuming. To address this issue, we propose a geometrically informed symbolic planner that expands the set of objects and facts in a best-first manner, prioritized by a Graph Neural Network that is learned from prior search computations. We evaluate our approach on a diverse set of problems and demonstrate an improved ability to plan in difficult scenarios. We also apply our algorithm on a 7DOF robotic arm in block-stacking manipulation tasks.
description: RAL Camera-Ready
Towards the understanding of the origin of charge-current-induced spin voltage signals in the topological insulator Bi$_2$Se$_3$
Creators: name: de Vries, E. K.
name: Kamerbeek, A. M.
name: Koirala, N.
name: Brahlek, M.
name: Salehi, M.
name: Oh, S.
name: van Wees, B. J.
name: Banerjee, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Topological insulators provide a new platform for spintronics due to the spin texture of the surface states that are topologically robust against elastic backscattering. Here, we report on an investigation of the measured voltage obtained from efforts to electrically probe spin-momentum locking in the topological insulator Bi$_2$Se$_3$ using ferromagnetic contacts. Upon inverting the magnetization of the ferromagnetic contacts, we find a reversal of the measured voltage. Extensive analysis of the bias and temperature dependence of this voltage was done, considering the orientation of the magnetization relative to the current. Our findings indicate that the measured voltage can arise due to fringe-field-induced Hall voltages, different from current-induced spin polarization of the surface state charge carriers, as reported recently. Understanding the nontrivial origin of the measured voltage is important for realizing spintronic devices with topological insulators.
description: 8 pages, 9 figures, incl. Supplemental Material
Point Enclosure Problem for Homothetic Polygons
Creators: name: Akram, Waseem
name: Saxena, Sanjeev
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computational Geometry (cs.CG)
subject: Data Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper, we investigate the homothetic point enclosure problem: given a set $S$ of $n$ triangles with sides parallel to three fixed directions, find a data structure for $S$ that can report all the triangles of $S$ that contain a query point efficiently. The problem is "inverse" of the homothetic range search problem. We present an $O(n\log n)$ space solution that supports the queries in $O(\log n + k)$ time, where $k$ is the output size. The preprocessing time is $O(n\log n)$. The same results also hold for homothetic polygons.
Standardisation activities report
Creators: name: Di Maria, Cristina
name: Ferrara, Adriano
name: Mocchio, Elena
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Project Ô
water circular economy
water resources
water reuse
EU
funded
project

description: Project Ô seeks to apply the pillars of integrated water management (IWM) as a model for “water planning” (akin to spatial planning) and to demonstrate low cost, modular technologies that can be easily retrofitted into any water management infrastructure at district/plant level, hence enabling even small communities and SMEs to implement virtuous practices. Technologies and planning instruments complement each other as the first make possible the second and the latter can provide as example or even prescribe the former (and similar technologies allowing virtuous water use practices). UNI's role within the project is to spot existing relevant standard at national, European and International level in order to carry out a first state of the art analysis. Starting from the standards identified, and supported by partners’ expertise, relevant standardization gaps will be recognized and actions will be put in place in order to contribute to possibly act to fill in these gaps or, at least, inform relevant technical committees, at national, European and international level about their existence. This work is possible only through the essential contribution of all the project partners.
Mental Health Challenges of Adolescents in Families of Affluence: a Scoping Review
Creators: name: Matar, Jodie
name: Laletas, Stella
name: Savic, Michael
name: Lubman, Dan
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Adolescents
subject: Families of Affluence
subject: High socioeconomic
subject: Mental Health
subject: Substance
subject: Young People
subject: Youth

description: This scoping review aims to identify and synthesise the current evidence base on the mental health challenges that adolescents in families of affluence may face through this vulnerable period of development. This potentially hidden group may experience different risks and vulnerabilities compared to similar aged youth in other socio-economic groups. Gaps in the literature will also be identified for future research.
Empirical evidence of bias in treatment effect estimates in controlled trials with different interventions and outcomes: meta-epidemiological study
Creators: name: Juni, Peter
name: Schulz, Kenneth F.
name: Martin, Richard, M.
name: Wood, Anthony J.G.
name: Egger, Matthias
name: Wood, Lesley
name: Gluud, Lise Lotte
name: Sterne, Jonathan A.C.
name: Gluud, Christian
name: Altman, Douglas
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: Objective: To examine whether the association of
inadequate or unclear allocation concealment and lack of
blinding with biased estimates of intervention effects
varies with the nature of the intervention or outcome.
Design: Combined analysis of data from three metaepidemiological
studies based on collections of metaanalyses.
Data sources 146 meta-analyses including 1346 trials
examining a wide range of interventions and outcomes.
Main outcome measures Ratios of odds ratios quantifying
the degree of bias associated with inadequate or unclear
allocation concealment, and lack of blinding, for trials
with different types of intervention and outcome. A ratio of
odds ratios <1 implies that inadequately concealed or nonblinded
trials exaggerate intervention effect estimates.
Results: In trials with subjective outcomes effect estimates
were exaggerated when there was inadequate or unclear
allocation concealment (ratio of odds ratios 0.69 (95% CI
0.59 to 0.82)) or lack of blinding (0.75 (0.61 to 0.93)). In
contrast, there was little evidence of bias in trials with
objective outcomes: ratios of odds ratios 0.91 (0.80 to
1.03) for inadequate or unclear allocation concealment
and 1.01 (0.92 to 1.10) for lack of blinding. There was little
evidence for a difference between trials of drug and nondrug
interventions. Except for trials with all cause mortality
as the outcome, the magnitude of bias varied between
meta-analyses.
Conclusions: The average bias associated with defects in
the conduct of randomised trials varies with the type of
outcome. Systematic reviewers should routinely assess
the risk of bias in the results of trials, and should report
meta-analyses restricted to trials at low risk of bias either
as the primary analysis or in conjunction with less
restrictive analyses.
Role of air pollutants in dengue fever incidence: evidence from two southern cities in Taiwan
Creators: name: Lu, Hao-Chun
name: Lin, Fang-Yu
name: Huang, Yao-Huei
name: Kao, Yu-Tung
name: Loh, El-Wui
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biotechnology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: Hematology
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Air pollution may be involved in spreading dengue fever (DF) besides rainfalls and warmer temperatures. While particulate matter (PM), especially those with diameter of 10 μm (PM10) or 2.5 μm or less (PM25), and NO2 increase the risk of coronavirus 2 infection, their roles in triggering DF remain unclear. We explored if air pollution factors predict DF incidence in addition to the classic climate factors. Public databases and DF records of two southern cities in Taiwan were used in regression analyses. Month order, PM10 minimum, PM2.5 minimum, and precipitation days were retained in the enter mode model, and SO2 minimum, O3 maximum, and CO minimum were retained in the stepwise forward mode model in addition to month order, PM10 minimum, PM2.5 minimum, and precipitation days. While PM2.5 minimum showed a negative contribution to the monthly DF incidence, other variables showed the opposite effects. The sustain of month order, PM10 minimum, PM2.5 minimum, and precipitation days in both regression models confirms the role of classic climate factors and illustrates a potential biological role of the air pollutants in the life cycle of mosquito vectors and dengue virus and possibly human immune status. Future DF prevention should concern the contribution of air pollution besides the classic climate factors.
Tailoring Magnetic Exchange Interactions in Ferromagnet-Intercalated MnBi2Te4 Superlattices
Creators: name: Chen, Peng
name: Yao, Qi
name: Sun, Qiang
name: Grutter, Alexander J.
name: Quarterman, P.
name: Balakrishnan, Purnima P.
name: Kinane, Christy J.
name: Caruana, Andrew J.
name: Langridge, Sean
name: Cui, Baoshan
name: Li, Lun
name: Ji, Yuchen
name: Zhang, Yong
name: Liu, Zhongkai
name: Zou, Jin
name: Yu, Guoqiang
name: Yang, Yumeng
name: Kou, Xufeng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The intrinsic magnetic topological insulator MnBi2Te4 (MBT) has provided a platform for the successful realization of exotic quantum phenomena. To broaden the horizons of MBT-based material systems, we intercalate ferromagnetic MnTe layers to construct the [(MBT)(MnTe)m]N superlattices by molecular beam epitaxy. The effective incorporation of ferromagnetic spacers mediates the anti-ferromagnetic interlayer coupling among the MBT layers through the exchange spring effect at the MBT/MnTe hetero-interfaces. Moreover, the precise control of the MnTe thickness enables the modulation of relative strengths among the constituent magnetic orders, leading to tunable magnetoelectric responses, while the superlattice periodicity serves as an additional tuning parameter to tailor the spin configurations of the synthesized multi-layers. Our results demonstrate the advantages of superlattice engineering for optimizing the magnetic interactions in MBT-family systems, and the ferromagnet-intercalated strategy opens up new avenues in magnetic topological insulator structural design and spintronic applications.
description: 20 pages, 5 figures
Graph Estimation for Matrix-variate Gaussian Data
Creators: name: Chen, Xi
name: Liu, Weidong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Matrix-variate Gaussian graphical models (GGM) have been widely used for modeling matrix-variate data. Since the support of sparse precision matrix represents the conditional independence graph among matrix entries, conducting support recovery yields valuable information. A commonly used approach is the penalized log-likelihood method. However, due to the complicated structure of precision matrices in the form of Kronecker product, the log-likelihood is non-convex, which presents challenges for both computation and theoretical analysis. In this paper, we propose an alternative approach by formulating the support recovery problem into a multiple testing problem. A new test statistic is developed and based on that, we use the popular Benjamini and Hochberg's procedure to control false discovery rate (FDR) asymptotically. Our method involves only convex optimization, making it computationally attractive. Theoretically, our method allows very weak conditions, i.e., even when the sample size is finite and the dimensions go to infinity, the asymptotic normality of the test statistics and FDR control can still be guaranteed. We further provide the power analysis result. The finite sample performance of the proposed method is illustrated by both simulated and real data analysis.
description: 50 pages; 8 figures
Cold polypectomy techniques for small and diminutive colorectal polyps: a systematic review and network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Creators: name: Abuelazm, Mohamed
name: Awad, Ahmed K.
name: Mohamed, Islam
name: Mahmoud, Abdelrahman
name: Shaikhkhalil, Hosam
name: Shaheen, Nour
name: Abdelwahab, Omar
name: Afifi, Ahmed M.
name: Abdelazeem, Basel
name: Othman, Mohamed O.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: Medicine
Cell Biology
Molecular Biology
Biotechnology
Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
Cancer
Science Policy

description: In the management of small and diminutive polyps, cold polypectomy is favored over electrocautery polypectomy. However, the optimal cold polypectomy technique is still controversial. Hence, this review aims to investigate the most effective cold technique for small and diminutive colorectal polyps. We conducted a systematic review and network meta-analysis synthesizing randomized controlled trials (RCTs) which were retrieved by systematically searching PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, SCOPUS, and Cochrane through 10 February 2023. R software, (R version 4.2.0) and meta-insight software were used to pool dichotomous outcomes using risk ratio (RR) presented with the corresponding confidence interval (CI). Our protocol was prospectively published in PROSPERO with ID: CRD42022345619. Nineteen RCTs with 3649 patients and 4800 polyps were included in our analysis. Cold techniques (cold forceps polypectomy (CFP), jumbo forceps polypectomy (JFP), dedicated cold snare polypectomy (D-CSP), conventional cold snare polypectomy (C-CSP), underwater cold snare polypectomy (U-CSP), and cold snare endoscopic mucosal resection (CS-EMR) were included in our comparative analysis. CFP was less effective in achieving complete histological resection than C-CSP (RR: 1.10 with 95% CI [1.03–1.18]), CS-EMR (RR: 1.12 with 95% CI [1.02–1.23]), D-CSP (RR: 1.17 with 95% CI [1.04–1.32]), and U-CSP (RR: 1.21 with 95% CI [1.07–1.38]). However, the rest of the comparisons showed no difference. CFP is the least effective method for small and diminutive polyps’ removal, and any snare polypectomy technique will achieve better results, warranting more large-scale RCTs to investigate the most effective snare polypectomy technique.
Living Network Strategy Report
Creators: name: van Zuydam, Lali
name: Martin, Daniela
name: Rodrigo, Russell
name: Jensen, Aaron M
name: Sayles, Lisa
name: Lorenz, Lars
name: Jensen, Eric A
name: Noles, Sarah
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Project Ô
water circular economy
water resources
water reuse
EU
funded
project
living
network

description: As part of Project Ô’s long-term legacy, we aim to foster the development of a community of practice relating to collaborative development of a circular water economy and environmental sustainability. This document presents the strategy for creating this community of practice or ‘living network’. The strategy leverages the strengths of the project’s participatory approach to water sustainability innovation, including collaborative and co-production models of fostering pro-environmental change. The network should foster expanded community capabilities in topics such as stakeholder engagement, impact evaluation, evidence-based sustainability communication and social innovation. The core beneficiaries for this network are those working in water reuse across a wide range of disciplines, with a particular focus on researchers and related professionals (see Figure 1 for indicative coverage for the living network).
Guidance for Developers of Health Research Reporting Guidelines
Creators: name: Simera, Iveta
name: Moher, David
name: Schulz, Kenneth F.
name: Altman, Douglas
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: enterprise. On any given month about 63,000 new articles are
indexed in PubMed, the United States National Library of
Medicine’s public access portal for health-related publications.
However, the quality of reporting in most health care journals
remains inadequate. Glasziou and colleagues [1] assessed
descriptions of given treatments in 80 trials and systematic reviews
for which summaries were published during one year (October
2005 to October 2006) in Evidence-Based Medicine, a journal that is
aimed at physicians working in primary care and general
medicine. Treatment descriptions were inadequate in 41 of the
original published articles, which made their use in clinical
practice difficult if not impossible to replicate. This is just one of
numerous examples of a large and disturbing literature indicating
the general failure in the quality of reporting health
research [2–6]. Many publications lack clarity, transparency, and
completeness in how the authors actually carried out their
research
Don't let Ricci v. DeStefano Hold You Back: A Bias-Aware Legal Solution to the Hiring Paradox
Creators: name: Salem, Jad
name: Desai, Deven R.
name: Gupta, Swati
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: K.4.3; J.0

description: Companies that try to address inequality in employment face a hiring paradox. Failing to address workforce imbalance can result in legal sanctions and scrutiny, but proactive measures to address these issues might result in the same legal conflict. Recent run-ins of Microsoft and Wells Fargo with the Labor Department's Office of Federal Contract Compliance Programs (OFCCP) are not isolated and are likely to persist. To add to the confusion, existing scholarship on Ricci v. DeStefano often deems solutions to this paradox impossible. Circumventive practices such as the 4/5ths rule further illustrate tensions between too little action and too much action. In this work, we give a powerful way to solve this hiring paradox that tracks both legal and algorithmic challenges. We unpack the nuances of Ricci v. DeStefano and extend the legal literature arguing that certain algorithmic approaches to employment are allowed by introducing the legal practice of banding to evaluate candidates. We thus show that a bias-aware technique can be used to diagnose and mitigate "built-in" headwinds in the employment pipeline. We use the machinery of partially ordered sets to handle the presence of uncertainty in evaluations data. This approach allows us to move away from treating "people as numbers" to treating people as individuals -- a property that is sought after by Title VII in the context of employment.
description: 29 pages, 9 figures
title: A Pictorial Review - Hypoglossal Canal
Creators: name: Thu, Myo
Publisher: name: The Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Radiologists
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: MR
subject: Head and neck
subject: Ear / Nose / Throat
subject: Anatomy
subject: Education
subject: Neoplasia

description: Learning objectives Background Imaging findings OR Procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: To present an overview of the anatomy, imaging techniques and a range of pathologies that can affect the hypoglossal...
Quality of primary health care and quality of life from the perspective of elderly patients with dizziness/vertigo/balance disorders – results of the cohort study MobilE-TRA
Creators: name: Bühler, Katja
name: Katzenberger, Benedict
name: Grill, Eva
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: dizziness
subject: health-related quality of life
subject: MobilE-TRA
subject: primary care
subject: quality of care
subject: vertigo

description: In a quantitative and explorative approach our study aims at examining the correlations between quality of care and health-related quality of life from the perspective of elderly patients with dizziness/ vertigo/ balance disorders in primary care. In addition our study aims to examine the correlations between physical activity, depression and helath-related quality of life in this cohort.
Unconventional pairing in few-fermion systems at finite temperature
Creators: name: Pęcak, Daniel
name: Sowiński, Tomasz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Attractively interacting two-component mixtures of fermionic particles confined in a one-dimensional harmonic trap are investigated. Properties of balanced and imbalanced systems are systematically explored with the exact diagonalization approach, focusing on the finite-temperature effects. Using single- and two-particle density distributions, specific non-classical pairing correlations are analyzed in terms of the noise correlations -- quantity directly accessible in state-of-the-art experiments with ultra-cold atoms. It is shown that along with increasing temperature, any imbalanced system hosting Fulde-Ferrel-Larkin-Ovchinnikov pairs crossovers to a standard Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer one characterized by zero net momentum of resulting pairs. By performing calculations for systems with different imbalances, the approximate boundary between the two phases on a phase diagram is determined.
description: All data generated or analysed during this study are available in Zenodo repository DOI:10.5281/zenodo.8220783 see https://zenodo.org/record/8220784
Expanding the repertoire of GalNAc analogues for cell-specific bioorthogonal tagging of glycoproteins.
Creators: name: Zafar, Abdul
name: Sridhar, Sandhya
name: Bineva-Todd, Ganka
name: Cioce, Anna
name: Abdulla, Nadia
name: Chang, Vincent
name: Malaker, Stacy A
name: Hewings, David S
name: Schumann, Benjamin
Publisher: name: The Francis Crick Institute
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: Biochemistry & Proteomics
subject: Biochemistry & Proteomics
classificationCode: Cell Biology
subject: Cell Biology
classificationCode: Chemical Biology & High Throughput
subject: Chemical Biology & High Throughput

description: Glycosylation is a ubiquitous modification of proteins, necessitating approaches for its visualization and characterization. Bioorthogonally tagged monosaccharides have been instrumental to this end, offering a chemical view into the cell biology of glycans. Understanding the use of such monosaccharides by cellular biosynthetic pathways has expanded their applicability in cell biology, for instance through the strategy named Bio-Orthogonal Cell-specific TAgging of Glycoproteins (BOCTAG). Here, we show that the cellular use of two azide-tagged analogues of the monosaccharide N-acetylgalactosamine (GalNAzMe and GalNPrAz) can be promoted through expression of two biosynthetic enzymes. More precisely, cellular expression of the bacterial kinase NahK and the engineered human pyrophosphorylase AGX1F383A led to biosynthesis of the corresponding activated nucleotide-sugars and subsequent bioorthogonal tagging of the cellular glycoproteome. We explore the use of both sugars for BOCTAG, demonstrating the visualization of cell surface glycosylation tagged with GalNPrAz in a specific cell line in a co-culture system. Our work adds to the toolbox of glycoprotein analysis in biomedicine.
Who Am I? The effect of being labelled or identified as being 'at risk' of learning difficulties on the identities of children with (and without) SEND. Can a short P4C intervention change how children perceive others with special educational needs, and are effects maintained over time?
Creators: name: Fields, Diana
name: Asbury, Kathryn
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Educational Methods
subject: Educational Psychology
subject: Disability and Equity in Education
subject: Science and Mathematics Education
subject: Curriculum and Instruction
subject: Education
subject: Special Education and Teaching

description: Changes I would like to make to the analysis plan: H1: 1 way ANOVA to a 2 way ANOVA H3: 1 way ANCOVA to a 2 way ANCOVA H4: 1 way ANCOVA to a 2 way ANCOVA The changes to the analysis plan are needed due to the updated CATCH measure (Armstrong et al, 2017) requiring the sub-scales of Attitude (Affective, Behaviour, Cognitive) to be measured and treated separately. For correct analysis the hypotheses above will be altered to encapsulate all groups. The project data collection was completed on 26th February 2020 (post testing school 2). Data cleaning began in March with preliminary data analysis not beginning until April. At this point, and referring to the paper above, the requirement for 2 way analysis was apparent, the paper advising that the sub-scales for Attitude should be treated separately instead of summing. The proposed 2 way analysis will ensure that the sub-scales are treated separately. Identifier: DOI 10.17605/OSF.IO/N4DQP
Derivatives of Sub-Riemannian Geodesics are $L_p$-Hölder Continuous
Creators: name: Lokutsievskiy, Lev
name: Zelikin, Mikhail
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53C17, 49J15

description: This article is devoted to the long-standing problem on the smoothness of sub-Riemannian geodesics. We prove that the derivatives of sub-Riemannian geodesics are always $L_p$-Hölder continuous. Additionally, this result has several interesting implications. These include (i) the decay of Fourier coefficients on abnormal controls, (ii) the rate at which they can be approximated by smooth functions, (iii) a generalization of the Poincaré inequality, and (iv) a compact embedding of the set of shortest paths into the space of Bessel potentials.
Temporal Evolution of the Size and Temperature of Betelgeuse's Extended Atmosphere
Creators: name: O'Gorman, Eamon
name: Harper, Graham M.
name: Brown, Alexander
name: Guinan, Edward F.
name: Richards, Anita M. S.
name: Vlemmings, Wouter
name: Wasatonic, Richard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use the Very Large Array (VLA) in the A configuration with the Pie Town (PT) Very Long Baseline Array (VLBA) antenna to spatially resolve the extended atmosphere of Betelgeuse over multiple epochs at 0.7, 1.3, 2.0, 3.5, and 6.1 cm. The extended atmosphere deviates from circular symmetry at all wavelengths while at some epochs we find possible evidence for small pockets of gas significantly cooler than the mean global temperature. We find no evidence for the recently reported e-MERLIN radio hotspots in any of our multi-epoch VLA/PT data, despite having sufficient spatial resolution and sensitivity at short wavelengths, and conclude that these radio hotspots are most likely interferometric artefacts. The mean gas temperature of the extended atmosphere has a typical value of 3000 K at 2 $R_{\star}$ and decreases to 1800 K at 6 $R_{\star}$, in broad agreement with the findings of the single epoch study from Lim et al. (1998). The overall temperature profile of the extended atmosphere between $2 R_{\star} \lesssim r \lesssim 6 R_{\star}$ can be described by a power law of the form $T_{\mathrm{gas}}(r) \propto r^{-0.6}$, with temporal variability of a few 100 K evident at some epochs. Finally, we present over 12 years of V band photometry, part of which overlaps our multi-epoch radio data. We find a correlation between the fractional flux density variability at V band with most radio wavelengths. This correlation is likely due to shock waves induced by stellar pulsations, which heat the inner atmosphere and ionize the more extended atmosphere through radiative means. Stellar pulsations may play an important role in exciting Betelgeuse's extended atmosphere.
title: Synthese und Untersuchung helikal chiraler Homopolyglutamate für die Organo- und Übergangsmetallkatalyse
Creators: name: Gölz, Michael
Publisher: name: UNSPECIFIED
Year: 2024

description: Die Dissertation handelt von der Synthese und Optimierung von helikal chiralen Polymeren auf Homopolyglutamatbasis. Diese werden in der asymmetrischen Organo- und Übergangsmetallkatalyse eingesetzt. Ein besonderer Fokus wird auf die Erarbeitung der Syntheseroute und die präparativen Details gelegt. Darüber hinaus werden einige der betrachteten Polymere auch in der NMR-Spektroskopie als sog. Alignmentmedien eingesetzt.
An all-optical Compton source for single-exposure X-ray imaging
Creators: name: Döpp, A.
name: Guillaume, E.
name: Thaury, C.
name: Gautier, J.
name: Andriyash, I.
name: Lifschitz, A.
name: Goddet, J-P.
name: Tafzi, A.
name: Malka, V.
name: Rousse, A.
name: Phuoc, K. Ta
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: All-optical Compton sources are innovative, compact devices to produce high energy femtosecond X-rays. Here we present results on a single-pulse scheme that uses a plasma mirror to reflect the drive beam of a laser plasma accelerator and to make it collide with the highly-relativistic electrons in its wake. The accelerator is operated in the self-injection regime, producing quasi-monoenergetic electron beams of around 150 MeV peak energy. Scattering with the intense femtosecond laser pulse leads to the emission of a collimated high energy photon beam. Using continuum-attenuation filters we measure significant signal content beyond 100 keV and with simulations we estimate a peak photon energy of around 500 keV. The source divergence is about 13 mrad and the pointing stability is 7 mrad. We demonstrate that the photon yield from the source is sufficiently high to illuminate a centimeter-size sample placed 90 centimeters behind the source, thus obtaining radiographs in a single shot.
title: "Then I'll Huff, and I'll Puff...": A Developmental Story of Pig Bronchus and Friends
Creators: name: Wong, Aaron
Publisher: name: The Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Radiologists
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Respiratory system
subject: CT
subject: Education
subject: Congenital

description: Learning objectives Background Imaging findings OR Procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: Tounderstand the development and CT appearances of variations of the tracheobronchial...
Public Engagement and Communication Activities Report
Creators: name: Jensen, Eric A
name: Jensen, Aaron M
name: Rodrigo, Russell
name: van Zuydam, Lali
name: Martin, Daniela
name: Noles, Sarah
name: Barbosa, Juan
name: Lorenz, Lars
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Project Ô
water circular economy
water resources
water reuse
EU
funded
project
communication strategy
stakeholder engagement

description: This report provides an overview of Project Ô public engagement and communication activities undertaken within Work Package (WP8): Communication and Stakeholder Management. This strategy development, communication and event management work has been conducted by the Institute for Methods Innovation, under the Work Package leadership of Professor Alexander Gerber (Rhine-Waal University of Applied Sciences). This document (D8.6) reports on Project Ô’s public engagement and communication activities, providing context and details on the structure, content, and execution of the activities and events, as well as key findings. Here, we describe how the communication strategies and actions for the project have developed to cover external communications (including website, videos, events, social media, etc.), event management and internal communications. A broad range of communication activities, both internal and external, were designed and implemented by IMI. Examples of these activities include refreshing the project website, developing media assets (such as bi-fold and tri-fold brochures, slide deck templates, infographics and visual explanations of project demosites and technologies, signage for demosites, and numerous high quality project videos, overhauling the project brand assets including the logo, etc.), creating content and managing social media accounts (including planning and scheduling for Twitter, Facebook, YouTube and LinkedIn), as well as project newsletters (internal and external, including content creation, design and dissemination). The goal of the public engagement co-creation events was to engage non-expert communities in the project, with a focus on co-creation. These co-creation workshops with the public were conducted in Italy, Israel, Spain and Croatia with local community members around project demosite areas.
Labor, the Left and the Political Economy of Labor Regulation in Latin America
Creators: name: Fuchs, Federico
Publisher: name: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Graduate School
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Political science
subject: FOS: Political science
subject: Industrial relations

description: Do left parties pursue significantly different policies that other parties? More specifically, the question that arises is whether in the face of momentous transformations of both the political economies and the dynamic of political competitions in the region, ideological orientation and linkages to civil-society still play a significant role in driving partisan approaches to policy making and implementation. I tackle this question by analyzing the area of labor market regulation in Latin America since the mid-1980s. The objectives of this paper are threefold. First, I will show that there is a distinctive approach of left parties towards regulatory policy in the area of labor law. However, although still oriented towards protecting workers from labor market risks, the impact of the regulatory changes has been relatively small if we consider the period between 1985 and 2009. Second, my analysis of the different areas comprising individual labor law will show in which areas and to what extent left-leaning parties have distinguished themselves. This analysis builds on previous literature on the subject, and expands it by an original analysis of cross-sectional time series data that covers the period 1985-2009. Finally, I present an exploratory analysis of cross-national variation in the patterns of labor regulation, integrating the findings from the examination of changes in individual level labor law with the changes in collective labor regulation.
Almost all alternating groups are invariably generated by two elements of prime order
Creators: name: Teräväinen, Joni
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 20B35, 11N25

description: We show that for all $n\leq X$ apart from $O(X\exp(-c(\log X)^{1/2}(\log \log X)^{1/2}))$ exceptions, the alternating group $A_n$ is invariably generated by two elements of prime order. This answers (in a quantitative form) a question of Guralnick, Shareshian and Woodroofe.
description: 11 pages; Referee comments incorporated; to appear in IMRN
A Theory of Equivalent Expectation Measures for Expected Prices of Contingent Claims
Creators: name: Nawalkha, Sanjay
name: Zhuo, Xiaoyang
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Business
subject: EEM theory
subject: Expected future prices of contingent claims

description: This paper introduces a theory of equivalent expectation measures, such as the R-measure and the RT1-measure, generalizing the martingale pricing theory of Harrison and Kreps (1979) for deriving analytical solutions of expected prices—both the expected current price and the expected future price—of contingent claims. We also present new R-transforms which extend the Q-transforms of Bakshi and Madan (2000) and Duffie et al. (2000), for computing the expected prices of a variety of standard and exotic claims under a broad range of stochastic processes. Finally, as a generalization of Breeden and Litzenberger (1978), we propose a new concept of the expected future state price density which allows the estimation of the expected future prices of complex European contingent claims as well as the physical density of the underlying asset’s future price, using the current prices and only the first return moment of standard European OTM call and put options.
Deep Residual Error and Bag-of-Tricks Learning for Gravitational Wave Surrogate Modeling
Creators: name: Fragkouli, Styliani-Christina
name: Nousi, Paraskevi
name: Passalis, Nikolaos
name: Iosif, Panagiotis
name: Stergioulas, Nikolaos
name: Tefas, Anastasios
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Deep learning methods have been employed in gravitational-wave astronomy to accelerate the construction of surrogate waveforms for the inspiral of spin-aligned black hole binaries, among other applications. We face the challenge of modeling the residual error of an artificial neural network that models the coefficients of the surrogate waveform expansion (especially those of the phase of the waveform) which we demonstrate has sufficient structure to be learnable by a second network. Adding this second network, we were able to reduce the maximum mismatch for waveforms in a validation set by 13.4 times. We also explored several other ideas for improving the accuracy of the surrogate model, such as the exploitation of similarities between waveforms, the augmentation of the training set, the dissection of the input space, using dedicated networks per output coefficient and output augmentation. In several cases, small improvements can be observed, but the most significant improvement still comes from the addition of a second network that models the residual error. Since the residual error for more general surrogate waveform models (when e.g., eccentricity is included) may also have a specific structure, one can expect our method to be applicable to cases where the gain in accuracy could lead to significant gains in computational time.
title: Independent Verification of Quality: Scaling up the ACDS Level I Audit
Creators: name: Williams, Ivan
Publisher: name: The Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Radiologists
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: CT
subject: Radioprotection / Radiation dose
subject: Dosimetry
subject: Quality assurance

description: Learning objectives Background Imaging findings OR Procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: Presented are the findings of the Australian Clinical Dosimetry Service’s (ACDS) Level I audit. The audit is presently being scaled-up to provide national coverage every two years. The larger volume of audits poses some new challenges for the ACDS...
title: Towards a “new” Turkishness? Islam, education and the “ideal” Turk in the 1950s
Creators: name: Ekim, Sinan
Publisher: name: London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE)
Year: 2022

description: Towards a “New” Turkishness? Islam, Education and the Ideal Turk in the 1950s looks at the evolution of Turkish nationalism and national identity between 1950 and 1960 under Prime Minister Adnan Menderes’s Demokrat Party (DP). In this quest, it employs education as an instrument of analysis, motivated by the understanding that at the heart of educational change rests questions of identity. Drawing on a wide spectrum of education and education-related material between 1930 and 1960, this project examines the shifts in educational policy in the 1950s; compares and contrasts this era’s educational vision against those of the earlier periods; and seeks to understand how and to what extent the pedagogical discourse regarding Turkishness evolved throughout this decade. The 1950s has now become synonymous in Turkish popular consciousness with the emergence of religion within the public sphere and the conceptualisation of a more religious national identity. This project therefore lends particular emphasis to the Menderes government’s approaches to religious education, and asks whether religion played a more assertive role in defining what it meant to be Turkish in this period, as historiography suggests. Where appropriate, this project seeks to place Turkey’s process of identity-formation in a global perspective, and thereby to understand how Turkey’s changing educational mission, and connected to it, its reinterpretation of Turkishness was a response to various domestic transformations and global developments within the context of the Cold War.