cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Tibetan monks gathered in front of a building in Barkor Sqaure, watching demonstrators as they call for an end to price increases, Lhasa, 1993
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2020
Subjects: Demonstrations
Tibetans--Economic conditions
Tibetans

description: Photograph of Tibetan monks gathered in front of a building in Barkor Sqaure, watching demonstrators as they call for an end to price increases.
Modeling hepatitis B virus infection, immunopathology and therapy in mice
Creators: name: Li, Feng
name: Bility, Moses T.
name: Murphy, Christopher M.
name: Su, Lishan
name: Cheng, Liang
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: Despite the availability of a preventive vaccine, chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection-induced liver diseases continue to be a major global public health problem. HBV naturally infects only humans and chimpanzees. This narrow host range has hindered our ability to study the characteristics of the virus and how it interacts with its host. It is thus important to establish small animal models to study HBV infection, persistence, clearance and the immunopathogenesis of chronic hepatitis B. In this review, we briefly summarize currently available animal models for HBV research, then focus on mouse models, especially the recently developed humanized mice that can support HBV infection and immunopathogenesis in vivo. This article is part of a symposium in Antiviral Research on “From the discovery of the Australia antigen to the development of new curative therapies for hepatitis B: an unfinished story.”
Mining for Dust in Type 1 Quasars
Creators: name: Krawczyk, Coleman M.
name: Richards, Gordon T.
name: Gallagher, S. C.
name: Leighly, Karen M.
name: Hewett, Paul C.
name: Ross, Nicholas P.
name: Hall, P. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore the extinction/reddening of ~35,000 uniformly selected quasars with 00.1 and 0.1% (1.3%) with E(B-V)>0.2. Simulations show both populations of quasars are intrinsically bluer than the mean composite, with a mean spectral index ($α_λ$) of -1.79 (-1.83). The emission and absorption-line properties of both samples reveal that quasars with intrinsically red continua have narrower Balmer lines and stronger ionizing spectral lines, the latter indicating a harder continuum in the extreme-UV and the former pointing to differences in black hole mass and/or orientation.
description: Published in the Astronomical Journal
Monogamy, polygamy, and other properties of entanglement of purification
Creators: name: Bagchi, Shrobona
name: Pati, Arun Kumar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: For bipartite pure and mixed quantum states, in addition to the quantum mutual information, there is another measure of total correlation, namely, the entanglement of purification. We study the monogamy, polygamy, and additivity properties of the entanglement of purification for pure and mixed states. In this paper, we show that, in contrast to the quantum mutual information which is strictly monogamous for any tripartite pure states, the entanglement of purification is polygamous for the same. This shows that there can be genuinely two types of total correlation across any bipartite cross in a pure tripartite state. Furthermore, we find the lower bound and actual values of the entanglement of purification for different classes of tripartite and higher-dimensional bipartite mixed states. Thereafter, we show that if entanglement of purification is not additive on tensor product states, it is actually subadditive. Using these results, we identify some states which are additive on tensor products for entanglement of purification. The implications of these findings on the quantum advantage of dense coding are briefly discussed, whereby we show that for tripartite pure states, it is strictly monogamous and if it is nonadditive, then it is superadditive on tensor product states.
description: 12 pages, 2 figures, Published version
The HIPASS survey of the Galactic plane in Radio Recombination Lines
Creators: name: Alves, Marta I. R.
name: Calabretta, Mark
name: Davies, Rodney D.
name: Dickinson, Clive
name: Staveley-Smith, Lister
name: Davis, Richard J.
name: Chen, Tianyue
name: Barr, Adam
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a Radio Recombination Line (RRL) survey of the Galactic Plane from the HI Parkes All-sky Survey and associated Zone of Avoidance survey, which mapped the region l=196degr -- 0degr --52degr and |b| < 5degr at 1.4 GHz and 14.4 arcmin resolution. We combine three RRLs, H168$α$, H167$α$, and H166$α$ to derive fully sampled maps of the diffuse ionized emission along the inner Galactic plane. The velocity information, at a resolution of 20 km/s, allows us to study the spatial distribution of the ionized gas and compare it with that of the molecular gas, as traced by CO. The longitude-velocity diagram shows that the RRL emission is mostly associated with CO gas from the molecular ring and is concentrated within the inner 30degr of longitude. A map of the free-free emission in this region of the Galaxy is derived from the line-integrated RRL emission, assuming an electron temperature gradient with Galactocentric radius of $496\pm100$ K/kpc. Based on the thermal continuum map we extracted a catalogue of 317 compact (<15 arcmin) sources, with flux densities, sizes and velocities. We report the first RRL observations of the southern ionized lobe in the Galactic centre. The line profiles and velocities suggest that this degree-scale structure is in rotation. We also present new evidence of diffuse ionized gas in the 3-kpc arm. Helium and carbon RRLs are detected in this survey. The He line is mostly observed towards HII regions, whereas the C line is also detected further away from the source of ionization. These data represent the first observations of diffuse C RRLs in the Galactic plane at a frequency of 1.4 GHz.
description: 20 pages, 14 figures. MNRAS accepted
The Development of an Instrument to Assess the Areas Where Enterprise Architecture Contributes to Organizational Goals
Creators: name: Plessius, Henk
name: van Steenbergen, Marlies
name: Ravesteijn, Pascal
name: Versendaal, Johan
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Mental Health
subject: Hematology
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: This paper presents an instrument to assess the value of Enterprise Architecture (EA) to an organization. The instrument builds on EA value items as described in the literature and consists of three questionnaires targeted at developers, implementers, and users of EA. By comparing the outcomes with the organization’s goals, gaps can be identified and recommendations made to optimize the extent to which the EA function is value-driven. The instrument is validated in three large organizations.
Antinociceptive, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant effects of a flavonoid-rich phytocomplex from the leaves of Celtis iguanaea (jacq.) Sargent (Cannabaceae)
Creators: name: de Souza Almeida, Dionys
name: Honorato, Luiza Sousa
name: da Silva Moreira, Lorrane Kelle
name: Turones, Larissa Córdova
name: Bellard e Silva, Rúbia
name: Coimbra, Mairon Cesar
name: Pereira, Laura Jéssica
name: Pereira, Marx Osório Araújo
name: Fajemiroye, James Oluwagbamigbe
name: de Paula, José Realino
name: Melo, Júlio Onésio Ferreira
name: Martins, José Luis Rodrigues
name: de Souza Gil, Eric
name: Costa, Elson Alves
name: do Couto, Renê Oliveira
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: We demonstrated the antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory effects of the ethyl acetate leaf extract of Celtis iguanaea (Jacq.) Sargent (EAECi) in mice. The in vitro antioxidant activity of EAECi and its phytoconstituents was also investigated. The antinociceptive effect of EAECi is attributed to its anti-inflammatory activity, as evidenced by its anti-hyperalgesic and antiedematogenic effects. EAECi reduced polymorphonuclear cell migration, myeloperoxidase activity, pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α and IL-1β), and PGE2 levels. The levels of anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-4 and IL-10) were increased compared to the vehicle-treated groups. The overall antioxidant capacity of EAECi is noteworthy, with the Electrochemical Index determined by Differential Pulse Voltammetry being 42.7 μA/V. Concurrently, Square Wave Voltammetry revealed the reversibility of the redox process (Ep1a/Ep1c) at 0.254 V. The presence of twenty-six phytochemicals, primarily flavone aglycones, was suggested by paper-spray mass spectrometry. These findings represent a step towards validating C. iguanaea leaf extract for treating acute inflammatory conditions.
Pharmacokinetics of generic and trade formulations of lamivudine, stavudine and nevirapine in HIV-infected Malawian children
Creators: name: Rezk, Naser L
name: Kanyama, Cecelia
name: Kashuba, Angela DM
name: Tien, Hsiao
name: Hosseinipour, Mina C
name: Mkupani, Pax
name: Sichali, Dorothy
name: Weigel, Ralf
name: Kazembe, Peter
name: Nyirenda, Jean
name: Mwansambo, Charles
name: Corbett, Amanda H
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: Evaluate the pharmacokinetics (PK) of lamivudine (3TC), stavudine (d4T), and nevirapine (NVP) in HIV-infected Malawian children receiving quartered tablet multiples of Triomune 40™ (GT) compared to individual generic (GL) and trade (TL) liquids
Large-sized pentadactyl carnivore footprints from the early Miocene fossil track site at Ipolytarnóc (Hungary): 3D data presentation and ichnotaxonomical revision
Creators: name: Botfalvai, Gábor
name: Magyar, János
name: Watah, Veronika
name: Szarvas, Imre
name: Szolyák, Péter
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Ipolytarnóc is one of the most important Cenozoic fossil trackway sites in Europe. Most of the discovered footprints were investigated in 1985; however, a considerable period has elapsed since those investigations, and during that time significant advances have been made in the field of 3D imaging. Given this fact, the present study was undertaken to carry out a new analysis of the Ipolytarnóc fossil tracks, with a view to present possible revisions of current knowledge. In line with this, detailed ichnotaxonomical analyses were conducted on two large-sized pentadactyl footprint types using high-quality 3D models. As a result of the investigations presented in this paper, the largest pentadactyl footprint-type (previously defined as Bestiopeda maxima) was reclassified under the Platykopus ichnogenus based on new materials and their 3D models. The P. maxima footprints are believed to represent those of large-sized Amphicyonidae. Thorough ichnotaxonomical analyses were performed on other pentadactyl fossil tracks which had been attributed to Carnivoripeda nogradensis. The aim of the analyses was to suggest an extension of the morphological characters of these ichnospecies. In contrast to the previously suggested Nimravidae origin, we rather suggest that the C. nogradensis footprints belong to a mustelid-like carnivore based on its footprint morphology.
A Green function characterization of uniformly rectifiable sets of any codimension
Creators: name: Feneuil, Joseph
name: Li, Linhan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 42B37, 35J25, 35J70

description: In this paper, we obtain a unified characterization of uniformly rectifiable sets of {\it any codimension} in terms of a Carleson estimate on the second derivatives of the Green function. When restricted to domains with boundaries of codimension 1, our result generalizes a previous result of Azzam for the Laplacian to more general elliptic operators. For domains with boundaries of codimension greater than 1, our result is completely new.
description: Made corrections to some typos and minor mistakes in the first version. 38 pages. To appear in Adv.Math
Tibetan woman rolling her sleeves as demonstrators march to call for an end to high prices and school fees, Lhasa, 1993
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2020
Subjects: Demonstrations
Tibetans--Economic conditions
Tibetans

description: Photograph of a Tibetan woman rolling her sleeves as monks, young men, women, and children march through the center of Lhasa to call for an end to high prices and school fees.
Elliptic Functions and Maximal Unitarity
Creators: name: Sogaard, Mads
name: Zhang, Yang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Scattering amplitudes at loop level can be reduced to a basis of linearly independent Feynman integrals. The integral coefficients are extracted from generalized unitarity cuts which define algebraic varieties. The topology of an algebraic variety characterizes the difficulty of applying maximal cuts. In this work, we analyze a novel class of integrals whose maximal cuts give rise to an algebraic variety with irrational irreducible components. As a phenomenologically relevant example we examine the two-loop planar double-box contribution with internal massive lines. We derive unique projectors for all four master integrals in terms of multivariate residues along with Weierstrass' elliptic functions. We also show how to generate the leading-topology part of otherwise infeasible integration-by-parts identities analytically from exact meromorphic differential forms.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures; v2: minor corrections, journal version
Incident hyperglycaemia among older adults with or at-risk for HIV infection
Creators: name: Klein, Robert S
name: Polsky, Sarit
name: Arnsten, Julia H
name: Schoenbaum, Ellie E
name: Howard, Andrea A
name: Floris-Moore, Michelle
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: HIV infection has been associated with development of prediabetes and diabetes. Optimum screening practices for these disorders in HIV-infected populations remain unclear.
Tibetans covering their faces and running past deserted market stalls as riot police fire tear gas at demonstrators protesting against price increases and Chinese occupation, Lhasa, 1993
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2020
Subjects: Demonstrations
Police brutality
Tibetans

description: Photograph of Tibetans covering their faces and running past deserted market stalls as riot police fire tear gas at demonstrators protesting against price increases and Chinese occupation.
Quantum search of a real unstructured database
Creators: name: Broda, Bogusław
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A simple circuit implementation of the oracle for Grover's quantum search of a real unstructured classical database is proposed. The oracle contains a kind of quantumly accessible classical memory, which stores the database.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures, substantially improved
Predictors of residual viremia in patients on long-term suppressive antiretroviral therapy
Creators: name: Eron, Joseph J
name: Kearney, Mary
name: Margolis, David M
name: Zheng, Lu
name: Mellors, John W
name: Read, Sarah
name: Gandhi, Rajesh T
name: Chan, Ellen S
name: Bosch, Ronald J
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: HIV-1-infected individuals with plasma RNA <50 copies/mL on antiretroviral therapy (ART) may have residual, low-level viremia detectable by PCR assays which can detect a single copy of viral RNA (single-copy assay, SCA). The clinical predictors of residual viremia in patients on long-term suppressive ART are incompletely understood.
LES-informed resolvent-based estimation of turbulent pipe flow
Creators: name: Amaral, Filipe Ramos do
name: Cavalieri, André Valdetaro Gomes
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A resolvent-based methodology is employed to obtain spatio--temporal estimates of turbulent pipe flow from probe measurements of wall shear-stress fluctuations. Direct numerical simulations (DNS) and large-eddy simulations (LES) of turbulent pipe flow at friction Reynolds number of 550 are used as databases. We consider a DNS database as the true spatio--temporal flow field, from which wall shear-stress fluctuations are extracted and considered as measurements. A resolvent-based estimator is built following our earlier work (Amaral et al. J. Fluid Mech., vol. 927, 2021, p. A17), requiring a model for the nonlinear (or forcing) terms of the Navier-Stokes equations system, which are obtained from another DNS database, as in our earlier work, and from a series of computationally cheaper LES databases with coarser grids; the underlying idea is that LES may provide accurate statistics of non-linear terms related to large-scale structures at a low computational cost. Comparisons between the DNS and the estimates indicate that sufficiently accurate results can be achieved with estimators built with statistics from LES with an order of magnitude less grid points than the DNS, with estimates closely matching the reference DNS results up to the buffer layer and reasonable agreement up to the beginning of the log layer.
description: 18 pages, 12 figures
Understanding the biogeography of Western European bats: the latest Pleistocene to Middle Holocene assemblage of El Mirador site (Sierra de Atapuerca, Spain)
Creators: name: Galán, Julia
name: Bañuls-Cardona, Sandra
name: Cuenca-Bescós, Gloria
name: Vergès, Josep María
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Computational Biology

description: The Lateglacial to Holocene transition is a key moment for understanding the extant configuration of bat populations in Western Europe, where several species are currently under threat. The Chiroptera fossil record for this period and region is poorly known. Here, we present the bat fossil record along the stratigraphical sequence of El Mirador (Burgos, North Spain), which ranges from the Late Pleistocene to the Late Holocene. Level MIR49 (11,396 to 8430 cal BP) has provided the richest bat assemblage from this chronology in the Iberian Peninsula. The 14 taxa identified conform a bat association with no extant equivalent, although all of them belong to the current Iberian fauna, evidencing a high biodiversity among the Iberian Early Holocene bat communities that had not been detected until now. The sibling species Myotis myotis and Myotis blythii appear together, showing the earliest clear evidence of the arrival of the eastern-coming M. blythii into Europe far West, probably related to the expansion of open environments during the Younger Dryas event. Conversely, the overlaying Middle Holocene section has provided low numbers of bats’ remains. At El Mirador site, this impoverishment is more probably related to human presence than to climate fluctuations.
Clinical importance of thoracal lymphadenopathy in COVID-19
Creators: name: Meyer, Hans-Jonas
name: Melekh, Bohdan Ya.
name: Wienke, Andreas
name: Borggrefe, Jan
name: Surov, Alexey
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 610

description: Background: Thoracal lymphadenopathy may predict prognosis in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), albeit the reported data is inconclusive. The aim of the present analysis was to analyze the affected lymph node stations and the cumulative lymph node size derived from computed tomography (CT) for prediction of 30-day mortality in patients with COVID-19. Methods: The clinical database was retrospectively screened for patients with COVID-19 between 2020 and 2022. Overall, 177 patients (63 female, 35.6%) were included into the analysis. Thoracal lymphadenopathy was defined by short axis diameter above 10 mm. Cumulative lymph node size of the largest lymph nodes was calculated and the amount of affected lymph node stations was quantified. Results: Overall, 53 patients (29.9%) died within the 30-day observation period. 108 patients (61.0%) were admitted to the ICU and 91 patients needed to be intubated (51.4%). Overall, there were 130 patients with lymphadenopathy (73.4%). The mean number of affected lymph node levels were higher in non-survivors compared to survivors (mean, 4.0 vs 2.2, p < 0.001). The cumulative size was also higher in non-survivors compared to survivors (mean 55.9 mm versus 44.1 mm, p = 0.006). Presence of lymphadenopathy was associated with 30-day mortality in a multivariable analysis, OR = 2.99 (95% CI 1.20 – 7.43), p = 0.02. Conclusions: Thoracal lymphadenopathy comprising cumulative size and affected levels derived from CT images is associated with 30-day mortality in patients with COVID-19. COVID-19 patients presenting with thoracic lymphadenopathy should be considered as a risk group.
Unsupervised Pathology Detection: A Deep Dive Into the State of the Art
Creators: name: Lagogiannis, Ioannis
name: Meissen, Felix
name: Kaissis, Georgios
name: Rueckert, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Deep unsupervised approaches are gathering increased attention for applications such as pathology detection and segmentation in medical images since they promise to alleviate the need for large labeled datasets and are more generalizable than their supervised counterparts in detecting any kind of rare pathology. As the Unsupervised Anomaly Detection (UAD) literature continuously grows and new paradigms emerge, it is vital to continuously evaluate and benchmark new methods in a common framework, in order to reassess the state-of-the-art (SOTA) and identify promising research directions. To this end, we evaluate a diverse selection of cutting-edge UAD methods on multiple medical datasets, comparing them against the established SOTA in UAD for brain MRI. Our experiments demonstrate that newly developed feature-modeling methods from the industrial and medical literature achieve increased performance compared to previous work and set the new SOTA in a variety of modalities and datasets. Additionally, we show that such methods are capable of benefiting from recently developed self-supervised pre-training algorithms, further increasing their performance. Finally, we perform a series of experiments in order to gain further insights into some unique characteristics of selected models and datasets. Our code can be found under https://github.com/iolag/UPD_study/.
description: 12 pages, 4 figures, accepted for publication in IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging (added copyright, DOI information)
On visual distances for spectrum-type functional data
Creators: name: Cholaquidis, Alejandro
name: Cuevas, Antonio
name: Fraiman, Ricardo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: A functional distance ${\mathbb H}$, based on the Hausdorff metric between the function hypographs, is proposed for the space ${\mathcal E}$ of non-negative real upper semicontinuous functions on a compact interval. The main goal of the paper is to show that the space $({\mathcal E},{\mathbb H})$ is particularly suitable in some statistical problems with functional data which involve functions with very wiggly graphs and narrow, sharp peaks. A typical example is given by spectrograms, either obtained by magnetic resonance or by mass spectrometry. On the theoretical side, we show that $({\mathcal E},{\mathbb H})$ is a complete, separable locally compact space and that the ${\mathbb H}$-convergence of a sequence of functions implies the convergence of the respective maximum values of these functions. The probabilistic and statistical implications of these results are discussed in particular, regarding the consistency of $k$-NN classifiers for supervised classification problems with functional data in ${\mathbb H}$. On the practical side, we provide the results of a small simulation study and check also the performance of our method in two real data problems of supervised classification involving mass spectra.
Rayleigh-Taylor instability in a phase-separated three-component Bose-Einstein condensate
Creators: name: Saboo, Arpana
name: Halder, Soumyadeep
name: Das, Subrata
name: Majumder, Sonjoy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the Rayleigh-Taylor instability at the two interfaces in a phase-separated three-component Bose-Einstein condensate in the mean-field framework. The subsequent dynamics in the immiscible three-component condensate has been studied in detail for different cases of instigating the instability in the system. The rotational symmetry of the system breaks when the atom-atom interaction is tuned in such a way that the interface between the components becomes unstable giving rise to non-linear patterns of mushroom shapes which grow exponentially with time. We also identify these non-linear patterns as the solutions of the angular Mathieu equation, representing the normal modes.
description: 12 pages, 11 figures
Comparison of cardiovascular disease risk markers in HIV-infected patients receiving abacavir and tenofovir: the nucleoside inflammation, coagulation and endothelial function (NICE) study
Creators: name: Stein, James H
name: Campbell, Thomas
name: Walsh, Kendall
name: Sax, Paul
name: Ha, Belinda
name: Koletar, Susan
name: Taiwo, Babafemi
name: Fichtenbaum, Carl J
name: Hicks, Charles
name: Wohl, David A
name: Arnoczy, Gretchen
name: Massengale, Kelly
name: McComsey, Grace A
name: Tebas, Pablo
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: The association between abacavir (ABC) and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk in HIV-infected individuals is unclear. Putative mechanisms for an effect of ABC on CVD risk including endothelial dysfunction have been proposed; however, a biological mechanism has not been established.
Single and multiple dose pharmacokinetics of dolutegravir in the genital tract of HIV negative women
Creators: name: Patterson, Kristine B
name: Dumond, Julie B
name: Prince, Heather MA
name: Kashuba, Angela DM
name: Adams, Jessica L
name: Greener, Benjamin N
name: Sykes, Craig
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: Antiretrovirals (ARV) that achieve adequate concentrations in anatomical sites of transmission are of interest for HIV prevention. A Phase 1, open label, pharmacokinetic (PK) study was performed to describe first dose and steady-state PK of the integrase inhibitor dolutegravir (DTG) in blood plasma (BP), cervicovaginal fluid (CVF), cervical tissue (CT), and vaginal tissue (VT) in HIV-1 negative women.
FACTORS AFFECTING BEHAVIORAL INTENTION TO PURCHASE LOWCOST AIRLINE E-TICKET IN THAILAND
Creators: name: Piyanath Maneechot
Publisher: name: University of the Thai Chamber of Commerce
Year: 2014
Subjects: FACTORS
AFFECTING
BEHAVIORAL
INTENTION
PURCHASE
LOWCOST
AIRLINE
E-TICKET
THAILAND

description: UTCC International Journal of Business and Economics, 6, 1, 41-58
Trouble in the tropics : pathogen spillover is a threat for native stingless bees
Creators: name: Fleites-Ayil, Fernando A.
name: Medina-Medina, Luis A.
name: Quezada-Euán, José Javier G.
name: Stolle, Eckart
name: Theodorou, Panagiotis
name: Tragust, Simon
name: Paxton, Robert J.
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 595

description: Pathogen spillover is a major threat to biodiversity. Insect pollinators, important providers of the ecosystem service of pollination that are in global decline, are no exception to this threat, with mounting evidence of pathogen spillover from managed into wild bee species in temperate regions. The phenomenon is likely global in scope, though poorly documented, and its consequences for recipient species are largely unknown. To address these knowledge gaps, we investigated viral spillover in the neotropics from the honey bee (Apis mellifera), where it is a managed and invasive species, into native stingless bees, a biodiverse taxon of pollinators. We furthermore exposed stingless bees to honey bee viruses to test for their impact on host survival. High viral prevalence in honey bees and low prevalence of identical viral haplotypes in stingless bees supports ongoing spillover from managed to native species. The survival of native stingless bees was reduced when inoculated with virus by feeding, a plausible route of natural infection. We conclude that viral spillover from managed to wild insect pollinators is likely a global phenomenon and poses a serious threat worldwide to native insect species. If negative impacts are detected in the field, conservation management needs to be developed to reduce spillover, including better control of pathogens in managed species and legislation on their movement.
Footprints of New Physics in the angular distribution of $B_{c}\to D_{s}^{\ast}(\to D_{s}γ,(D_{s}π))\ell^{+}\ell^{-}$ decays
Creators: name: Zaki, Marwah
name: Paracha, M. Ali
name: Bhutta, Faisal Munir
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the angular decay distribution of the four-fold $B_{c}\to D^{\ast}_{s}(\to D_{s}γ)μ^{+}μ^{-}$, and $B_{c}\to D^{\ast}_{s}(\to D_{s}π)μ^{+}μ^{-}$ decays that proceed through $b\to sμ^{+}μ^{-}$ quark level transition. We use the model independent effective Hamiltonian with vector and axial vector new physics operators to formulate the angular observables and study the implications of different latest new physics scenarios, taken from the global fits to all the $b\to s$ data, on these observables. We also give Standard Model and new physics predictions of several observables such as differential branching ratios, forward backward asymmetry, longitudinal polarization fraction of $D_s^{\ast}$, and the unpolarized and polarized lepton flavor universality violating ratios. Future measurements of the predicted angular observables, both at current and future high energy colliders, will add to the useful complementary data required to clarify the structure of new physics in $b\to s\ell\ell$ neutral current decays.
description: 24 pages, 7 figures, 18 tables; ; version matching publication in NPB
Interactions of a Stabilized Radion and Duality
Creators: name: Chacko, Zackaria
name: Mishra, Rashmish K.
name: Stolarski, Daniel
name: Verhaaren, Christopher B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We determine the couplings of the graviscalar radion in Randall-Sundrum models to Standard Model fields propagating in the bulk of the space, taking into account effects arising from the dynamics of the Goldberger-Wise scalar that stabilizes the size of the extra dimension. The leading corrections to the radion couplings are shown to arise from direct contact interactions between the Goldberger-Wise scalar and the Standard Model fields. We obtain a detailed interpretation of the results in terms of the holographic dual of the radion, the dilaton. In doing so, we determine how the familiar identification of the parameters on the two sides of the AdS/CFT correspondence is modified in the presence of couplings of the bulk Standard Model fields to the Goldberger-Wise scalar. We find that corrections to the form of the dilaton couplings from effects associated with the stabilization of the extra dimension are suppressed by the square of the ratio of the dilaton mass to the Kaluza-Klein scale, in good agreement with results from the CFT side of the correspondence.
description: 22 pages plus appendices and references
Functional characterization of VirB/VirD4 and Icm/Dot type IV secretion systems from the plant-pathogenic bacterium Xanthomonas euvesicatoria
Creators: name: Drehkopf, Sabine
name: Scheibner, Felix
name: Büttner, Daniela
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 580

description: Introduction: Many Gram-negative plant- and animal-pathogenic bacteria employ type IV secretion (T4S) systems to transport proteins or DNA/protein complexes into eukaryotic or bacterial target cells. T4S systems have been divided into minimized and expanded T4S systems and resemble the VirB/VirD4 T4S system from the plant pathogen Agrobacterium tumefaciens and the Icm/Dot T4S system from the human pathogen Legionella pneumophila, respectively. The only known plant pathogen with both types of T4S systems is Xanthomonas euvesicatoria which is the causal agent of bacterial spot disease on pepper and tomato plants. Results and discussion: In the present study, we show that virB/virD4 and icm/dot T4S genes are expressed and encode components of oligomeric complexes corresponding to known assemblies of VirB/VirD4 and Icm/Dot proteins. Both T4S systems are dispensable for the interaction of X. euvesicatoria with its host plants and do not seem to confer contact-dependent lysis of other bacteria, which was previously shown for the chromosomally encoded VirB/VirD4 T4S system from Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. citri. The corresponding chromosomal T4S gene cluster from X. euvesicatoria is incomplete, however, the second plasmid-localized vir gene cluster encodes a functional VirB/VirD4 T4S system which contributes to plasmid transfer. In agreement with this finding, we identified the predicted relaxase TraI as substrate of the T4S systems from X. euvesicatoria. TraI and additional candidate T4S substrates with homology to T4S effectors from X. axonopodis pv. citri interact with the T4S coupling protein VirD4. Interestingly, however, the predicted C-terminal VirD4-binding sites are not sufficient for T4S, suggesting the contribution of additional yet unknown mechanisms to the targeting of T4S substrates from X. euvesicatoria to both VirB/VirD4 and Icm/Dot T4S systems.
Bayesian inference with finitely wide neural networks
Creators: name: Lu, Chi-Ken
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The analytic inference, e.g. predictive distribution being in closed form, may be an appealing benefit for machine learning practitioners when they treat wide neural networks as Gaussian process in Bayesian setting. The realistic widths, however, are finite and cause weak deviation from the Gaussianity under which partial marginalization of random variables in a model is straightforward. On the basis of multivariate Edgeworth expansion, we propose a non-Gaussian distribution in differential form to model a finite set of outputs from a random neural network, and derive the corresponding marginal and conditional properties. Thus, we are able to derive the non-Gaussian posterior distribution in Bayesian regression task. In addition, in the bottlenecked deep neural networks, a weight space representation of deep Gaussian process, the non-Gaussianity is investigated through the marginal kernel.
description: v2: added relevant references, example of simple non-Gaussian bivariate distribution and corresponding inference
Antiretroviral pharmacokinetics in mothers and breastfeeding infants from 6 to 24 weeks post partum: results of the BAN Study
Creators: name: Hosseinipour, Mina C
name: White, Nicole R
name: Musisi, Bonaface
name: Davis, Nicole L
name: Corbett, Amanda H
name: Nelson, Julie AE
name: Martinson, Francis
name: Kamwendo, Deborah
name: Kashuba, Angela
name: Hudgens, Michael G
name: Ellington, Sascha R
name: Kayira, Dumbani
name: van der Horst, Charles
name: Phiri, Grace
name: Jamieson, Denise J
name: Kourtis, Athena P
name: Chasela, Charles
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: An intensive, prospective, open-label pharmacokinetic (PK) study in a subset of HIV-infected mothers and their uninfected infants enrolled in the Breastfeeding, Antiretroviral, and Nutrition study was performed to describe drug exposure and antiviral response.
On calculation of generating functions of generalized Chebyshev polynomials in several variables
Creators: name: Damaskinsky, E. V.
name: Kulish, P. P.
name: Sokolov, M. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a new method of calculation of generating functions of Chebyshev polynomials in several variables associated with root systems of simple Lie algebras. We obtain the generating functions of the polynomials in two variables corresponding to the Lie algebras C_2 and G_2.
description: 21 pages
Hepatic safety and tolerability of raltegravir among HIV patients coinfected with hepatitis B and/or C
Creators: name: Moore, Richard D
name: Napravnik, Sonia
name: Eron, Joseph J
name: Hurt, Christopher B
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: Potential liver toxicity is an important consideration for antiretroviral selection among patients coinfected with HIV and viral hepatitis (B and/or C). We sought to describe the hepatic safety profile of raltegravir in this population.
Dinosaur tracksites from the Cretaceous Sagok Formation in the Uiseong Regional Geopark, South Korea: historical, palaeobiological perspectives
Creators: name: Lee, Jeong-Hyun
name: Lockley, Martin G.
name: Jung, Sungheuk
name: Ha, Yeoncheol
name: Cho, Kwon Rae
name: Lim, Jong Deock
name: Kim, Kyung Soo
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: The relatively large (1,600 m2) Jeo-ri dinosaur tracksite from the Lower Cretaceous Sagok Formation in the Uiseong County area in Gyeongsangbuk-do (North Gyeongsang Province) was the first dinosaur tracksite designated as a Korean Natural Monument (Number 373). However, it has never been described in any detail. It is shown to reveal more than 380 footprints attributed to theropods, sauropods and ornithopods. The trackways show a preferred orientation to the north and northwest with some similarly sized ornithopod trackways suggesting gregarious behaviour. A smaller tracksite from the Mancheon-ri site, representing the Sagok Formation also reveals theropod, sauropod and ornithopod trackways. These include trackways of two small ornithopods (footprint lengths ~9.9-11.5 cm) that indicate deceleration while transitioning from bipedal to quadrupedal progression. One trackway shows rare evidence of pausing to ‘stand’ and leave ‘side-by-side’ footprints. The Sagok Formation is considered correlative with the Haman Formation which is well known for its dinosaur tracksites in Gyeongsangnam-do (South Gyeongsang Province). This correlation underscores the importance of understanding the remarkable abundance and spatiotemporal distribution of dinosaur tracks in the Lower Cretaceous of Korea.
Phylogenetic evidence of HIV-1 sequence evolution in subjects with persistent low-level viremia
Creators: name: Eron, Joseph J
name: Kuritzkes, Daniel R
name: Vardhanabhuti, Saran
name: Taiwo, Babafemi
name: Bosch, Ronald J
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: Persistent low-level viremia (LLV) during the treatment of antiretroviral therapy (ART) is associated with emergent drug resistance mutation (DRM); however insight into its driver is limited. The objectives were to study HIV-1 pol sequence evolution in subjects with persistent LLV and evaluate factors associated with sequence changes.
Microvascular anastomotic coupler for venous end-to-side anastomoses in head and neck reconstructive surgery
Creators: name: Kisser, Ulrich
name: Koepernik, Sophie
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 610

description: Background: The use of coupler devices has become mainstream in microsurgical end-to-end venous anastomoses (EEA) for free flaps in head and neck reconstruction. Reports about end-to-side venous anastomoses (ESA) using a coupler are scarce, though. Methods: The surgical technique of end-to-side anastomosis using a coupler device is described. End-to-side anastomoses and end-to-end anastomoses with a vascular coupler are compared with respect to postoperative vascular complications. Results: 124 patients were included, 76 with EEA, 48 with ESA. Postoperative venous complications occurred in 5.3% and 2.1%, respectively. Conclusions: ESA is a valuable alternative to EEA when using a coupler device providing more flexibility to the surgeon.
Antiretroviral activity and safety of once-daily etravirine in treatment-naive HIV-infected adults: 48-week results
Creators: name: Johnson, Marc A
name: Floris-Moore, Michelle A
name: Wilkin, Aimee M
name: Eron, Joseph J
name: Kashuba, Angela DM
name: Francis, Owen
name: Mollan, Katie
name: Kronk, Catherine
name: Wohl, David A
name: Patterson, Kristine B
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: Etravirine (ETR), an NNRTI approved for 200 mg BID dosing in conjunction with other antiretrovirals (ARVs), has pharmacokinetic properties which support once-daily dosing.
Excitation functions of related temperatures of η and η0 emission sources from squared momentum transfer spectra in high-energy collisions
Creators: name: Wang, Qi
name: Liu, Fu-Hu
name: Olimov, Khusniddin K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The squared momentum transfer spectra of $η$ and $η^0$, produced in high-energy photon-proton ($γp$) $\rightarrow η(η^0)+p$ processes in electron-proton ($ep$) collisions performed at CEBAF, NINA, CEA, SLAC, DESY, and WLS are analyzed. The Monte Carlo calculations are used in the analysis of the squared momentum transfer spectra, where the transfer undergoes from the incident $γ$ to emitted $η(η^0)$ or equivalently from the target proton to emitted proton. In the calculations, the Erlang distribution and Tsallis-Levy function are used to describe the transverse momentum ($p_T$) spectra of emitted particles. Our results show that the average transverse momentum ($\langle p_T\rangle$), the initial-state temperature ($T_i$), and the final-state temperature ($T_0$) roughly decrease from the lower center-of-mass energy ($W$) to the higher one in the concerned energy range of a few GeV, which is different from the excitation function from heavy-ion collisions in the similar energy range.
description: 13 pages, 3 figures
title: Der Weihnachtsfrieden 1914 – Eine Fallstudie für den Geschichtsunterricht
Creators: name: Ritzer, Nadine
Publisher: name: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht
Year: 2015

description: Informelle Absprachen und nicht autorisierte Waffenruhen kamen und kommen in Kriegen immer wieder vor.1 Sie sind jedoch selten Stoff für Geschichtsbücher oder Gegenstand geschichtskultureller Repräsentationen. Anders die zeitweilige Einstellung der Kämpfe britischer, deutscher, aber auch belgischer und französischer Soldaten an einzelnen Abschnitten der Westfront in den Tagen rund um Weihnachten 1914, die als »Weihnachtsfrieden« erinnert wird und nicht nur in Quellen auftaucht, sondern auch Denkmäler, literarische Werke, Lieder, einen historischen Spielfilm oder jüngst einen kontrovers diskutierten Werbespot der britischen Supermarktkette Sainsbury inspirierte. Grund genug, diesem Ereignis auch im Geschichtsunterricht Aufmerksamkeit zu schenken ?

Der vorliegende Artikel möchte die Möglichkeiten ausloten, wie mittels einer Fallstudie zum Weihnachtsfrieden historisches Lernen initiiert werden könnte. Bevor auf das didaktische Potential dieser kooperativen Lernform eingegangen wird, werden das Phänomen des Weihnachtsfriedens in aller Kürze kontextualisiert und einige Erklärungsansätze für die meist von den einfachen Soldaten initiierten Feuerpausen aufgezeigt. Anschließend wird, im Sinne einer Auslegeordnung, eine Unterrichtssequenz zum Weihnachtsfrieden skizziert, in deren Zentrum eine Fallstudie steht – im vollen Bewusstsein, dass dieses aussergewöhnliche Ereignis in Flandern 1914 keine weitreichenden Erkenntnisse für den Verlauf des Ersten Weltkriegs ermöglicht. Indes gelingt es vielleicht, im Weihnachtsfrieden eine Spur von Menschlichkeit in unmenschlichen Zeiten zu entdecken, die SchülerInnen zum (historischen) Denken anregen kann.
Effect of HIV-infection and menopause status on raltegravir pharmacokinetics in the blood and genital tract
Creators: name: Cottrell, Mackenzie L
name: Kashuba, Angela DM
name: Prince, Heather MA
name: Wang, Ruili
name: White, Nicole
name: Patterson, Kristine B
name: Jones, Amanda
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: This study describes first dose and steady state pharmacokinetics of raltegravir (RAL) in cervicovaginal fluid (CVF) and blood plasma (BP).
Tibetans running past deserted market stalls as riot police fire tear gas at demonstrators protesting against price increases and Chinese occupation, Lhasa, 1993
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2020
Subjects: Demonstrations
Police brutality
Tibetans

description: Photograph of Tibetans running past deserted market stalls in the central sqaure of Lhasa, as riot police fire tear gas at demonstrators protesting against price increases and Chinese occupation.