cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
ENTROPHY APPROACH TO ASSESSING REDUCTION OF LIFE EXPECTANCY AT BIRTH DUE TO THE IMPACT OF NEGATIVE ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS
Creators: name: Bushinskaya, Anna
name: Timashev, Sviatoslav
Publisher: name: Reliability: Theory & Applications
Year: 2022
Subjects: Keyfitz entropy
population entropy
life expectancy
mortality rate
mortality intensity
ecological risk

description: The paper presents a method for estimating the population entropy, which assesses the impact of an increase in the intensity of mortality (caused by negative environmental factors or sudden death of people in a man-made accident or catastrophe) on the average life expectancy (ALE) at birth. The method is based on the use of the Gompertz-Makeham law.
ENVIRONMENTAL AND ECONOMIC RISKS OF THE OIL AND GAS SECTOR
Creators: name: Dakhaeva, Fatima
name: Magomaev, Tamerlan
Publisher: name: Reliability: Theory & Applications
Year: 2022
Subjects: economic risks
environmental safety
environmental problems
technological atmospheric pollution
natural resources
industrial centers

description: In order to manage environmental safety in order to fulfill the tasks formulated in the Law of the Russian Federation "On the Basic Principles (Strategy) and State Environmental Policy for the Period until 2020", the problem of assessing the technogenic impact is becoming increasingly relevant. The works of many authors have created methodological and theoretical prerequisites for the further development of the assessment and modeling of environmental risks, taking into account technogenic atmospheric pollution for managing environmental safety. At the same time, there is a need to further improve the mechanisms for managing the environmental and economic safety of technogenically loaded regions, industrial centers and cities. The purpose of the article is to analyze modern methods for assessing environmental risks associated with the exploitation of oil fields.
EVALUATION OF THERMAL ENERGY PRODUCTION BY SOLAR PANELS FOR KARABAKH "GREEN" ENERGY ZONE
Creators: name: Nurmammad Mammadov
name: Akbarova, Samira
name: Rustamov, Vagif
Publisher: name: Reliability: Theory & Applications
Year: 2022
Subjects: Karabakh
"green" energy zone
solar panels
renewable energy sources
thermal energy

description: The global "green" energy trend is also rapidly developing in Azerbaijan, although the country's economy is still mainly dependent on oil and gas production. Analysis of the prospects for the efficient use of renewable energy sources is a topical issue in terms of the implementation of the decree on the transformation of the Karabakh zone of Azerbaijan into a "green" energy zone. The article examines the prospects of applying solar vacuum tube panels for the climatic parameters of the Gubadli region of Karabakh. The thermal energy production capacity of the solar panels was evaluated by the "Helios-house" program. The results show that the number of Hevelius SCM-12 180-58 panels placed in the area of 50 m² in Gubadli region should be 12 with the efficiency 70%, the heat loss coefficient of vacuum tubes is 0.5W/m², the average amount of thermal energy received by solar radiation is 1625 kW/m2 and the total thermal energy production is 14938 kWhr/year. The proposed evaluation methodology can be applied to any region of Azerbaijan.
Field operator transformations in Quantum Optics using a novel graphical method with applications to beam splitters and interferometers
Creators: name: Ataman, Stefan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we describe a novel, graphical method, allowing the fast computation of field operator transformations for linear lossless optical devices in Quantum Optics (QO). The advantage of this method grows with the complexity of the considered optical setup. As case studies we examine the field operator transformations for the beam splitter (BS), the Mach-Zehnder interferometer (MZI) and the double MZI. We consider the simple case with monochromatic input light, as well as extensions to the non-monochromatic case.
description: 6 pages, 8 figure; to appear in EPJ D
But I Like PE: Factors Associated With Enjoyment of Physical Education Class in Middle School Girls
Creators: name: Neumark-Sztainer, Dianne
name: Conway, Terry L.
name: Barr-Anderson, Daheia J.
name: Schmitz, Kathryn H.
name: Pratt, Charlotte
name: Baggett, Chris D.
name: Lytle, Leslie
name: Pate, Russell R.
name: Ward, Dianne S.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: The current study examined associations between physical education (PE) class enjoyment and sociodemographic, personal, and perceived school environment factors among early adolescent girls. Participants included 1,511 sixth-grade girls who completed baseline assessments for the Trial of Activity in Adolescent Girls, with 50% indicating they enjoyed PE class a lot. Variables positively associated with PE class enjoyment included physical activity level, perceived benefits of physical activity, self-efficacy for leisure time physical activity, and perceived school climate for girls' physical activity as influenced by teachers, while body mass index was inversely associated with PE class enjoyment. After adjusting for all variables in the model, PE class enjoyment was significantly greater in Blacks than in Whites. In model testing, with mutual adjustment for all variables, self-efficacy was the strongest correlate of PE class enjoyment, followed by perceived benefits, race/ethnicity, and teacher's support for girls' physical activity, as compared to boys, at school. The overall model explained 11% of the variance in PE class enjoyment. Findings suggest that efforts to enhance girls' self-efficacy and perceived benefits and to provide a supportive PE class environment that promotes gender equality can potentially increase PE class enjoyment among young girls.
ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS IN THE CONDITIONS OF GLOBALIZATION AND TRANSNATIONALIZATION OF THE WORLD ECONOMY
Creators: name: Zelimkhan Musostov
name: Olisaeva, Alisa
name: Basnukaev, Isa
Publisher: name: Reliability: Theory & Applications
Year: 2022
Subjects: globalization
sustainable ecological development environment
ecology
environmental problems
transnational corporations (TNCs)

description: The relevance of the topic of the impact of the economy on the environment is evidenced by the current process itself and the large-scale coverage of the consequences of the development of environmental problems. The anthropogenic impact on the environment has reached its maximum level due to the development of scientific and technological progress. The article focuses on environmental issues in the context of the development of the world economy. Ecology is considered from the point of view of the economy and environmental problems are characterized in the context of globalization and transnationalization of the world economy. In accordance with this, the article presents the basic concepts of globalization and transnationalization and ways to solve environmental problems in the framework of improving environmental policy and the supranational environmental management system, unifying and coordinating the methods used.
Orbital magnetic moments in insulating Dirac systems: Impact on magnetotransport in graphene van der Waals heterostructures
Creators: name: Grujić, Marko M.
name: Tadić, Milan Ž.
name: Peeters, François M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In honeycomb Dirac systems with broken inversion symmetry, orbital magnetic moments coupled to the valley degree of freedom arise due to the topology of the band structure, leading to valley-selective optical dichroism. On the other hand, in Dirac systems with prominent spin-orbit coupling, similar orbital magnetic moments emerge as well. These moments are coupled to spin, but otherwise have the same functional form as the moments stemming from spatial inversion breaking. After reviewing the basic properties of these moments, which are relevant for a whole set of newly discovered materials, such as silicene and germanene, we study the particular impact that these moments have on graphene nanoengineered barriers with artificially enhanced spin-orbit coupling. We examine transmission properties of such barriers in the presence of a magnetic field. The orbital moments are found to manifest in transport characteristics through spin-dependent transmission and conductance, making them directly accessible in experiments. Moreover, the Zeeman-type effects appear without explicitly incorporating the Zeeman term in the models, i.e., by using minimal coupling and Peierls substitution in continuum and the tight-binding methods, respectively. We find that a quasiclassical view is able to explain all the observed phenomena.
Sedentary Activity and Body Composition of Middle School Girls: The Trial of Activity for Adolescent Girls
Creators: name: Murray, David
name: Pratt, Charlotte
name: Lytle, Leslie
name: Pate, Russell R.
name: Webber, Larry S.
name: Baggett, Chris D.
name: Elder, John P.
name: Ward, Dianne
name: Lohman, Timothy
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: This study describes the relationships between sedentary activity and body composition in 1,458 sixth-grade girls from 36 middle schools across the United States. Multivariate associations between sedentary activity and body composition were examined with regression analyses using general linear mixed models. Mean age, body mass index, and percentage of body fat were 12.0 ± 0.51, 21.1 kg/m2 ± 4.8, 28.5 ± 8.9, respectively. Girls averaged 7.7 ± 1.2 sedentary hours per day and about 13 hr (~ 97% of the day) of both sedentary and light activities. Overweight girls were significantly more (13 min; p < .003) sedentary, especially after school (> 2 p.m.; p < .01), and less physically active (p < .0001) than normal weight girls. The study documents small but significant associations between sedentary activity and adiposity.
Approximate self-similar solutions for the boundary value problem arising in modeling of gas flow in porous media with pressure dependent permeability
Creators: name: Kudryashov, Nikolay A.
name: Kochanov, Mark B.
name: Savatorova, Viktoria L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The flow of a gas through porous medium is considered in the case of pressure dependent permeability. Approximate self-similar solutions of the boundary-value problems are found.
Approximation of nonnegative systems by moving averages of fixed order
Creators: name: Finesso, Lorenzo
name: Spreij, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 62B10, 62E20, 94A17, 93B30, 93E12

description: We pose the approximation problem for scalar nonnegative input-output systems via impulse response convolutions of finite order, i.e. finite order moving averages, based on repeated observations of input/output signal pairs. The problem is converted into a nonnegative matrix factorization with special structure for which we use Csiszár's I-divergence as the criterion of optimality. Conditions are given, on the input/output data, that guarantee the existence and uniqueness of the minimum. We propose an algorithm of the alternating minimization type for I-divergence minimization, and present its asymptotic behavior. For the case of noisy observations we give the large sample properties of the statistical version of the minimization problem for different observation regimes. Numerical experiments confirm the asymptotic results and exhibit fast convergence of the proposed algorithm.
Additional file 1 of Effect of acute noise trauma on the gene expression profile of the hippocampus
Creators: name: Lee, Chang Ho
name: Kim, Kyung Woon
name: Lee, So Min
name: Kim, So Young
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Genes that were upregulated by noise exposure by at least 1.5-fold with P≤0.05 in microarray analyses of the hippocampus. Table S2. Genes that were downregulated by noise exposure by at least 1.5-fold with P≤0.05 in microarray analyses of the hippocampus.
EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES OF SEISMIC RESISTANCE OF TRANSLUCENT FACADE STRUCTURES
Creators: name: Granovskiy, Arkadiy
name: Demina, Alexandra
Publisher: name: Reliability: Theory & Applications
Year: 2022
Subjects: translucent structures
dynamic tests
vibration platform

description: The results of experimental studies on the assessment of seismic resistance of hinged facade translucent systems, glass windows and glass panels are presented. The tests were carried out on special stands. When assessing the seismic resistance of facade translucent systems, a two-component pendulum-type vibration platform was used. During dynamic tests of glass windows and glass panels, a stand was used, for the excitation of vibrations of which a system consisting of dynamic hydraulic jacks was used. During the tests, the amplitude-frequency characteristics of dynamic effects varied in the range from 1.0 to 25.0 Hz with the amplitude of vibrations of the vibration platform up to 70 mm in the horizontal direction and 12.8 mm in the vertical direction. The values of accelerations of the vibration platform and dynamic jacks at the specified amplitude-frequency characteristics varied in the range from 0.2 to 5.0 m/s² in the horizontal direction and from 0.1 to 2.0 m/s² in the vertical direction. The behavior of glass panels under dynamic impact is modeled. It has been established that the use of glass partitions wall made of tempered Triplex glass with a thickness of at least t = 18 mm using a strengthening film of the TROSIFOL brand makes it possible to exclude the collapse of the structure of glass panels during the destruction of glass. The analysis of the results of experimental studies on the assessment of seismic resistance and injury safety of glass panels under dynamic loads simulating seismic impacts with an intensity of 7-9 points on the MSK-64 scale is carried out. The necessity of developing special regulatory documents is indicated.
An optimization approach to adaptive multi-dimensional capital management
Creators: name: Delsing, G. A.
name: Mandjes, M. R. H.
name: Spreij, P. J. C.
name: Winands, E. M. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Risk Management (q-fin.RM)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Firms should keep capital to offer sufficient protection against the risks they are facing. In the insurance context methods have been developed to determine the minimum capital level required, but less so in the context of firms with multiple business lines including allocation. The individual capital reserve of each line can be represented by means of classical models, such as the conventional Cramér-Lundberg model, but the challenge lies in soundly modelling the correlations between the business lines. We propose a simple yet versatile approach that allows for dependence by introducing a common environmental factor. We present a novel Bayesian approach to calibrate the latent environmental state distribution based on observations concerning the claim processes. The calibration approach is adjusted for an environmental factor that changes over time. The convergence of the calibration procedure towards the true environmental state is deduced. We then point out how to determine the optimal initial capital of the different business lines under specific constraints on the ruin probability of subsets of business lines. Upon combining the above findings, we have developed an easy-to-implement approach to capital risk management in a multi-dimensional insurance risk model.
Box/Peanut and Bar structures in edge-on and face-on SDSS nearby galaxies I. Catalogue
Creators: name: Yoshino, Akira
name: Yamauchi, Chisato
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate Box/Peanut and bar structures in image data of edge-on and face-on nearby galaxies taken from SDSS (Sloan Digital Sky Survey) to present catalogues containing the surface brightness parameters and the morphology classification. About 1700 edge-on galaxies and 2600 face-on galaxies are selected from SDSS DR7 in g, r and i-band. The images of each galaxy are fitted with the model of 2-dimensional surface brightness of Sérsic bulge and exponential disk. After removing some irregular data, Box/Peanut, bar and other structures are easily distinguished by eye using residual (observed minus model) images. We find 292 Box/Peanut structures in the 1329 edge-on samples and 630 bar structures in 1890 face-on samples in i-band, after removing some irregular data. Then the fraction of Box/Peanut galaxies is about 22 percent against the edge-on samples, and that of bar is about 33 percent (about 50 percent if 629 elliptical galaxies are removed) against the face-on samples. Furthermore the strengths of the Box/Peanut and bar are evaluated as "Strong", "Standard" and "Weak". We find that the strength increases slightly with increasing $B/T$ (Bulge-to-Total flux ratio), and that the fraction of Box/Peanut is generally about a half of that of bar irrespective of the strength and the $B/T$. Our result supports the idea that the Box/Peanut is bar seen edge-on.
description: 22pages, 21 figures
Additional file 1 of Quick and improved immune responses to inactivated H9N2 avian influenza vaccine by purified active fraction of Albizia julibrissin saponins
Creators: name: Sun, Hongxiang
name: Liyan Fei
name: Binnian Zhu
name: Minghua Shi
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Primer used for RT-qPCR.
Quantum-theoretic Modeling in Computer Science A complex Hilbert space model for entangled concepts in corpuses of documents
Creators: name: Aerts, Diederik
name: Beltran, Lester
name: Geriente, Suzette
name: Sozzo, Sandro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We work out a quantum-theoretic model in complex Hilbert space of a recently performed test on co-occurrencies of two concepts and their combination in retrieval processes on specific corpuses of documents. The test violated the Clauser-Horne-Shimony-Holt version of the Bell inequalities ('CHSH inequality'), thus indicating the presence of entanglement between the combined concepts. We make use of a recently elaborated 'entanglement scheme' and represent the collected data in the tensor product of Hilbert spaces of the individual concepts, showing that the identified violation is due to the occurrence of a strong form of entanglement, involving both states and measurements and reflecting the meaning connection between the component concepts. These results provide a significant confirmation of the presence of quantum structures in corpuses of documents, like it is the case for the entanglement identified in human cognition.
description: 15 pages, no figures
Assessment of Differing Definitions of Accelerometer Nonwear Time
Creators: name: Evenson, Kelly R.
name: Terry, James W.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: Measuring physical activity with objective tools, such as accelerometers, is becoming more common. Accelerometers measure acceleration multiple times within a given frequency and summarize this as a count over a pre-specified time period or epoch. The resultant count represents acceleration over the epoch length. Accelerometers eliminate biases associated with self-reporting measures of physical activity. With the increasingly widespread use of accelerometers, standardization of how the data are collected and reported across studies is needed. In 2005, Masse and colleagues identified five methodological issues regarding reducing accelerometer data to derive summary measures: (1) identifying accelerometer wearing time; (2) defining minimal wear time for a valid day; (3) identifying spurious data; (4) computing summary variables and aggregating days of data; and (5) extracting bouts of activity. This study focuses on the first issue; specifically, identifying nonwearing time of the
FEATURES OF THE INFLUENCE OF MECHANICAL AND CHEMICAL IMPACT ON THE TREATMENT PROCESS OF OIL CONTAMINATED SOILS
Creators: name: Hasanov, Gahraman
name: Soltan Aliyev
name: Hasanov, Ruslan
name: Vaqif Valiyev
name: Aliyev, Ismail
Publisher: name: Reliability: Theory & Applications
Year: 2022
Subjects: oil contaminated soil
mineral particles
aggregation
dispersion
treatment
mechanical and chemical impacts
residual oil

description: The paper examines the issues of replacing residual oil from fine pores of oil contaminated soil under gradientless pressure conditions. It was shown that the replacement of residual oil from fine pores of oil contaminated soil can be possible because of their unavailability for displacing water. Therefore, in addition to others, destruction degree of the system of pores and capillaries in aggregated structure of oil contaminated soil is considered as an efficiency criterion of an impact on disperse system in oil flushing process, and optimum destruction – as an optimum degree of these impacts. The aim is solved by using the complex methods of joint chemical, physical-chemical and mechanical impact on structured disperse systems of mineral particles of soil. It was shown that in the same chemical-mineralogical composition of oil contaminated soil the efficiency of its treatment increases with the growth of dispersity of its mineral particles. Increasing methods of their dispersity are related to the impact on various forces connecting mineral particles in a single system of structural formations, such as coagulative, condensation-crystalline, and mixed coagulative -crystalline macro- and microaggregates. To ensure the possibility of realizing mass exchanging processes under the influence on washing water solution on oil surface it is important to destruct the structure, disperse all aggregates from particles by separating them (breaking of contact) and releasing unevenly distributed immobilized liquid phase (oil and water). Under intense mechanical impacts the bond strength between particles is destroyed using adsorption decrease of structure strength in surface-active medium. In this case, aggregates are destroyed into initial particles and structural bonds are broken. Dispersion (peptization) or spraying of microaggregates can be caused by changing the composition of the dispersion medium, using a chemical method of impact. An example of a chemical method of influencing oil contaminated soil is the displacement of Ca2+ и Mg2+ ions from the exchange complex of clay minerals and their replacement with Na+ ions, which leads to the spraying of water-resistant and true aggregates cemented with calcium and magnesium. Increasing the pH of soil suspension medium to 8.0-8.5 and recharging of electropositive hydrates of Al and Fe oxides leads to the destruction of isoelectric aggregates formed by them with electronegative particles such as silica and clay minerals. In the treatment of oil contaminated soil by washing the surface of mineral particles with washing water solution to prevent oil resorption and coalescence of its droplets, hydrophilization of soil particles is a determining process.
Cramér transform of Rademacher series
Creators: name: Zajkowski, Krzysztof
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 44A15, 60F10

description: A variational formula for the Cramér transform of series of weighted, independent symmetric Bernoulli random variables (Rademacher series) is given.
description: 8 pages, to appear in Positivity
Physical Activity and Pregnancy: Past and Present Evidence and Future Recommendations
Creators: name: Downs, Danielle Symons
name: Yeo, SeonAe
name: Evenson, Kelly R.
name: Chasan-Taber, Lisa
name: Leiferman, Jenn
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: This review provides researchers and practitioners with an overview of the physical activity and pregnancy literature to promote prenatal physical activity, improve measurement, further elucidate the role of activity in reducing maternal health complications, and inform future research.
Quantum entanglement in physical and cognitive systems: a conceptual analysis and a general representation
Creators: name: Aerts, Diederik
name: Arguëlles, Jonito Aerts
name: Beltran, Lester
name: Geriente, Suzette
name: de Bianchi, Massimiliano Sassoli
name: Sozzo, Sandro
name: Veloz, Tomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We provide a general description of the phenomenon of entanglement in bipartite systems, as it manifests in micro and macro physical systems, as well as in human cognitive processes. We do so by observing that when genuine coincidence measurements are considered, the violation of the 'marginal laws', in addition to the Bell-CHSH inequality, is also to be expected. The situation can be described in the quantum formalism by considering the presence of entanglement not only at the level of the states, but also at the level of the measurements. However, at the "local'" level of a specific joint measurement, a description where entanglement is only incorporated in the state remains always possible, by adopting a fine-tuned tensor product representation. But contextual tensor product representations should only be considered when there are good reasons to describe the outcome-states as (non-entangled) product states. This will not in general be true, hence, the entangement resource will have to generally be allocated both in the states and in the measurements. In view of the numerous violations of the marginal laws observed in physics' laboratories, it remains unclear to date if entanglement in micro-physical systems is to be understood only as an 'entanglement of the states', or also as an 'entanglement of the measurements'. But even if measurements would also be entangled, the corresponding violation of the marginal laws (no-signaling conditions) would not for this imply that a superluminal communication would be possible.
FORECAST MODELING OF MAN-MADE EMERGENCIES WITH MODERN METHODS
Creators: name: Akimov, Valery
name: Bedilo, Maxim
name: Derendiaeva, Olga
name: Ivanova, Ekaterina
name: Olyan, Irina
Publisher: name: Reliability: Theory & Applications
Year: 2022
Subjects: emergency situations of man-made nature
traffic accidents
aviation catastrophes
explosions in buildings and structures
radiation and chemical accidents
accidents on housing and utilities systems
modeling methods

description: The article discusses the verbal and mathematical foundations of the forecast modeling of the most catastrophic emergencies of a man-made nature, such as: road traffic accidents, aviation catastrophes, explosions in buildings and structures, radiation and chemical accidents, as well as accidents on housing and utilities systems.
Realization of superabsorption by time reversal of superradiance
Creators: name: Yang, Daeho
name: Oh, Seung-hoon
name: Han, Junseok
name: Son, Gibeom
name: Kim, Jinuk
name: Kim, Junki
name: Lee, Moonjoo
name: An, Kyungwon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Emission and absorption of light lie at the heart of light-matter interaction. Although emission and absorption rates are regarded as intrinsic properties of atoms and molecules, various ways to modify these rates have been sought in applications such as quantum information processing, metrology and light-energy harvesting. One promising approach is to utilize collective behaviour of emitters in the same way as in superradiance5. Although superradiance has been observed in diverse systems, its conceptual counterpart in absorption has never been realized11 until now. Here we demonstrate enhanced cooperative absorption - superabsorption - by implementing a time-reversal process of superradiance. The observed superabsorption rate is much higher than that of ordinary absorption, with the number of absorbed photons scaling with the square of the number of atoms, exhibiting the cooperative nature of superabsorption. The present superabsorption - which performs beyond the limitations of conventional absorption - can facilitate weak-signal sensing, light-energy harvesting and light-matter quantum interfaces
description: 6 pages, 4 figures
A systematic bias in the calculation of spectral density from a 3D spatial grid
Creators: name: Stepanov, Rodion
name: Plunian, Franck
name: Kessar, Mouloud
name: Balarac, Guillaume
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The energy spectral density $E(k)$, where $k$ is the spatial wave number, is a well-known diagnostic of homogeneous turbulence and magnetohydrodynamic turbulence. However in most of the curves plotted by different authors, some systematic kinks can be observed at $k=9$, $k=15$ and $k=19$. We claim that these kinks have no physical meaning, and are in fact the signature of the method which is used to estimate $E(k)$ from a 3D spatial grid. In this paper we give another method, in order to get rid of the spurious kinks and to estimate $E(k)$ much more accurately.
description: 4 pages, in PRE
Quantum Structure in Cognition: Human Language as a Boson Gas of Entangled Words
Creators: name: Aerts, Diederik
name: Beltran, Lester
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We model a piece of text of human language telling a story by means of the quantum structure describing a Bose gas in a state close to a Bose-Einstein condensate near absolute zero temperature. For this we introduce energy levels for the words (concepts) used in the story and we also introduce the new notion of 'cogniton' as the quantum of human thought. Words (concepts) are then cognitons in different energy states as it is the case for photons in different energy states, or states of different radiative frequency, when the considered boson gas is that of the quanta of the electromagnetic field. We show that Bose-Einstein statistics delivers a very good model for these pieces of texts telling stories, both for short stories and for long stories of the size of novels. We analyze an unexpected connection with Zipf's law in human language, the Zipf ranking relating to the energy levels of the words, and the Bose-Einstein graph coinciding with the Zipf graph. We investigate the issue of 'identity and indistinguishability' from this new perspective and conjecture that the way one can easily understand how two of 'the same concepts' are 'absolutely identical and indistinguishable' in human language is also the way in which quantum particles are absolutely identical and indistinguishable in physical reality, providing in this way new evidence for our conceptuality interpretation of quantum theory.
description: 45 pages, 11 figures
FORECAST OF NATURAL EMERGENCY SITUATIONS WITH MODERN METHODS
Creators: name: Akimov, Valery
name: Bedilo, Maxim
name: Derendiaeva, Olga
name: Ivanova, Ekaterina
name: Oltyan, Irina
Publisher: name: Reliability: Theory & Applications
Year: 2022
Subjects: natural emergency situations
hazardous hydrological phenomena
hazardous meteorological phenomena
dangerous geophysical phenomena
large natural fires
modeling methods

description: The article discusses the verbal and mathematical base for the forecast modeling of the most catastrophic natural emergencies, the sources of which are: hazardous hydrological phenomena; hazardous meteorological phenomena; hazardous geophysical phenomena; large natural fires.
Detailed Afterglow Modeling and Host Galaxy Properties of the Dark GRB 111215A
Creators: name: van der Horst, A. J.
name: Levan, A. J.
name: Pooley, G. G.
name: Wiersema, K.
name: Kruhler, T.
name: Perley, D. A.
name: Starling, R. L. C.
name: Curran, P. A.
name: Tanvir, N. R.
name: Wijers, R. A. M. J.
name: Strom, R. G.
name: Kouveliotou, C.
name: Hartoog, O. E.
name: Xu, D.
name: Fynbo, J. P. U.
name: Jakobsson, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Gamma-ray burst (GRB) 111215A was bright at X-ray and radio frequencies, but not detected in the optical or near-infrared (nIR) down to deep limits. We have observed the GRB afterglow with the Westerbork Synthesis Radio Telescope and Arcminute Microkelvin Imager at radio frequencies, with the William Herschel Telescope and Nordic Optical Telescope in the nIR/optical, and with the Chandra X-ray Observatory. We have combined our data with the Swift X-Ray Telescope monitoring, and radio and millimeter observations from the literature to perform broadband modeling, and determined the macro- and microphysical parameters of the GRB blast wave. By combining the broadband modeling results with our nIR upper limits we have put constraints on the extinction in the host galaxy. This is consistent with the optical extinction we have derived from the excess X-ray absorption, and higher than in other dark bursts for which similar modeling work has been performed. We also present deep imaging of the host galaxy with the Keck I telescope, Spitzer Space Telescope, and Hubble Space Telescope (HST), which resulted in a well-constrained photometric redshift, giving credence to the tentative spectroscopic redshift we obtained with the Keck II telescope, and estimates for the stellar mass and star formation rate of the host. Finally, our high resolution HST images of the host galaxy show that the GRB afterglow position is offset from the brightest regions of the host galaxy, in contrast to studies of optically bright GRBs.
description: 11 pages, 4 figures, 4 tables; accepted for publication in MNRAS
Additional file 1 of Low-volume high-intensity interval training improves cardiometabolic health, work ability and well-being in severely obese individuals: a randomized-controlled trial sub-study
Creators: name: Reljic, Dejan
name: Frenk, Fabienne
name: Herrmann, Hans J.
name: Neurath, Markus F.
name: Zopf, Yurdagül
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1. Maximal effort data during the cycle ergometer test before and after the intervention.
Deligne Categories in Lattice Models and Quantum Field Theory, or Making Sense of $O(N)$ Symmetry with Non-integer $N$
Creators: name: Binder, Damon J.
name: Rychkov, Slava
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Category Theory (math.CT)
subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: When studying quantum field theories and lattice models, it is often useful to analytically continue the number of field or spin components from an integer to a real number. In spite of this, the precise meaning of such analytic continuations has never been fully clarified, and in particular the symmetry of these theories is obscure. We clarify these issues using Deligne categories and their associated Brauer algebras, and show that these provide logically satisfactory answers to these questions. Simple objects of the Deligne category generalize the notion of an irreducible representations, avoiding the need for such mathematically nonsensical notions as vector spaces of non-integer dimension. We develop a systematic theory of categorical symmetries, applying it in both perturbative and non-perturbative contexts. A partial list of our results is: categorical symmetries are preserved under RG flows; continuous categorical symmetries come equipped with conserved currents; CFTs with categorical symmetries are necessarily non-unitary.
description: 59 pages, many figures; v3 typos fixed, version submitted to journal; v4 note 21 added about a terminological clash
Supersymmetry and non-Abelian geometric phase for a free particle on a circle with point-like interactions
Creators: name: Ohya, Satoshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Though not so widely appreciated in the literature, supersymmetric quantum mechanics provides an ideal playground for studying non-Abelian geometric phase, because supersymmetry always guarantees degeneracies in energy levels. In this paper we first present a simple supersymmetric model for a free particle on a circle with point-like interactions that exhibits $\mathscr{N} = 2$ supersymmetry and doubly degenerate energy levels. We then show that Berry's connection in this model is given by the Wu-Yang-like magnetic monopole in SU(2) Yang-Mills gauge theory. This article is largely based on our recent work [arXiv:1406.4857].
description: 9 pages, talk given at the XXIInd International Conference on Integrable Systems and Quantum Symmetries (ISQS-22), Prague, Czech Republic, 23-29 June 2014
Charge Offset Stability in Si Single Electron Devices with Al Gates
Creators: name: Zimmerman, Neil M.
name: Yang, Chih-Hwan
name: Lai, Nai Shyan
name: Lim, Wee Han
name: Dzurak, Andrew S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on the charge offset drift (time stability) in Si single electron devices (SEDs) defined with aluminum (Al) gates. The size of the charge offset drift (0.15 $e$) is intermediate between that of Al/AlO$_x$/Al tunnel junctions (greater than 1 $e$) and Si SEDs defined with Si gates (0.01 $e$). This range of values suggests that defects in the AlO$_x$ are the main cause of the charge offset drift instability.
FUZZY ASSESSMENT OF OIL SPILLS INTO THE ENVIRONMENT
Creators: name: Hajar Ismailova
name: Shahlarli, Mansur
Publisher: name: Reliability: Theory & Applications
Year: 2022
Subjects: risk
oil leakage
corrosion
environment
oil pipeline
fuzzy numbers scale
fuzzy analysis

description: It is known that the amount of expected environmental damage with adverse effects is defined as the sum of the individual expected losses for different components of the environment. Estimation of damage caused by oil spills during tragic oil pipeline accidents is based on the existing normative documents and methodological guidance. The basis for developing priority measures to increase the safety of the main pipelines, which are considered a potential source of threat, is the risk assessment in the pipeline. Accidents are mainly associated with oil spills, which have a negative impact on the environment. Therefore, any section of the main oil pipelines should be assessed with certain risk parameters as it can cause accident
On pathwise counterparts of Doob's maximal inequalities
Creators: name: Gushchin, Alexander A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60G42

description: In this paper, we present pathwise counterparts of Doob's maximal inequalities (on the probability of exceeding a level) for submartingales and supermartingales.
description: This is a preprint of the manuscript accepted for publication in Proceedings of the Steklov Institute of Mathematics
FORMATION OF AN ASSESSMENT MODEL AND PREVENTION OF TECHNICAL RISKS IN ECONOMIC MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS
Creators: name: Salekh Khodzhaliev
name: Zainodin Rasulov
name: Khadzhiev, Umar
Publisher: name: Reliability: Theory & Applications
Year: 2022
Subjects: global financial crises
business structures
global economy
strategy

description: Modern studies on the causes and consequences of the global financial crises confirm that the growth of the uncertainty factor in the global economy has a detrimental effect on the development of the world economy, provoking a slowdown in the economic activity of business structures. A slowdown in economic activity triggers responses from decision makers in commercial organizations, such measures include, for example, curbing investment, reducing spending through increased savings, increasing interest rates through a risk premium. According to a study by the Confederation of British Industry (CBI), 42% of UK companies say leaving the EU is hurting investment activity. Of these, 98% of companies characterized this impact as negative. The increase in uncertainty due to the exit from the EU also affected the UK economy itself, which is confirmed by the estimates of the Bank of England, which indicate a decrease in investment within 3 years from 2016-2019. by 11%. Such studies confirm the relevance of the topic of managing business structures in conditions of uncertainty, which create risks for the implementation of the strategy and achievement of the goals of commercial organizations. The increase in the significance of the uncertainty factor is due to the fact that the world economy for the first time faced a significant number of large-scale changes, increasing exponentially. Change creates risks that can be sources of both favorable and unfavorable outcomes.
Nonmodular infinite products and a conjecture of Seo and Yee
Creators: name: Chern, Shane
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11P55, 11P82

description: We will tackle a conjecture of S. Seo and A. J. Yee, which says that the series expansion of $1/(q,-q^3;q^4)_\infty$ has nonnegative coefficients. Our approach relies on an approximation of the generally nonmodular infinite product $1/(q^a;q^M)_\infty$, where $M$ is a positive integer and $a$ is any of $1,2,\ldots,M$.
GEOPHYSICAL AND GEOCHEMICAL STUDIES ON AN ACTIVE VOLCANO (EBEKO VOLCANO, PARAMUSHIR ISLAND)
Creators: name: Kokhanova, Sofiya
name: Kucher, Dmitry
name: Volynkin, Sergey
Publisher: name: Reliability: Theory & Applications
Year: 2022
Subjects: electrotomography
gas analytics
modern volcanology
mercury observation

description: Investigations on Ebeko volcano, Paramushir island are presented: microelectrotomography on a thermal field, and the results of a mercury survey in a nearby city after an ash fall. High levels of mercury vapor in the air indicate the unfavorable ecological situation of the settlement. According to the results of electrotomography, we can talk about the thermal field subsurface space: the structure of the boiling mud pots and the presence of the gas phase.
A Gradient-Interleaved Scheduler for Energy-Efficient Backpropagation for Training Neural Networks
Creators: name: Unnikrishnan, Nanda
name: Parhi, Keshab K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: This paper addresses design of accelerators using systolic architectures for training of neural networks using a novel gradient interleaving approach. Training the neural network involves backpropagation of error and computation of gradients with respect to the activation functions and weights. It is shown that the gradient with respect to the activation function can be computed using a weight-stationary systolic array while the gradient with respect to the weights can be computed using an output-stationary systolic array. The novelty of the proposed approach lies in interleaving the computations of these two gradients to the same configurable systolic array. This results in reuse of the variables from one computation to the other and eliminates unnecessary memory accesses. The proposed approach leads to 1.4 - 2.2 times savings in terms of number of cycles and $1.9 \times$ savings in terms of memory accesses. Thus, the proposed accelerator reduces latency and energy consumption.
description: Proc. 2020 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS)
GLOBAL CLIMATE POLICY TRENDS AND CHALLENGES FOR RUSSIA
Creators: name: Gakaev, Rustam
name: Magomed-Sadyk Bakhaev
name: Edisultanov, Salah
Publisher: name: Reliability: Theory & Applications
Year: 2022
Subjects: decarbonization
climate strategy
GHG emissions
world market
climate targets
carbon dioxide

description: Regulators would do well to develop a climate strategy with more ambitious climate targets and a comprehensive strategy to reduce GHG emissions in the oil and gas sector (including a strategy to reduce methane emissions). It may include a variety of regulatory mechanisms standards, targets, requirements for monitoring, reporting and pricing of GHG emissions, rules for certification and verification of projects to reduce emissions, etc. It is also important to approve public funding for R&D and pilot projects to reduce GHG emissions, especially in areas of deep decarbonization. It is necessary to further analyze the competitive advantages of Russia in the field of decarbonization, and then promote them both domestically and on the world market. Corporations should include decarbonization in their overall business strategy and investment plans, rather than limiting it to health, safety, environment and investor relations departments. To implement an effective decarbonization strategy for any company, it is necessary to review the strategy and corporate governance as a whole.