cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Congestion management in protected areas: Accounting for respondents inattention and preference heterogeneity in stated choice data
Creators: name: Thiene, M.
name: Franceschinis, C.
name: Scarpa, R.
name: Thiene, M.
name: Franceschinis, C.
name: Scarpa, R.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2018
Subjects: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods

description: Congestion levels in protected areas can be predicted by site selection probability models estimated from choice data. There is growing evidence of subjects inattention to attributes in choice experiments. We estimate a Latent Class-Random Parameters model (LC-RPL) that jointly handles inattention and preference heterogeneity. We use data from a choice experiment designed to elicit visitors preferences towards sustainable management of a protected area in the Italian Alps. Results show that the LC-RPL model produces improvements in model fit and reductions in the implied rate of inattention, as compared to traditional approaches. Implications of results for Park management authorities are discussed. Acknowledgement :
Metric preheating and radiative decay in single-field inflation
Creators: name: Martin, Jérôme
name: Papanikolaou, Theodoros
name: Pinol, Lucas
name: Vennin, Vincent
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: At the end of inflation, the inflaton oscillates at the bottom of its potential and these oscillations trigger a parametric instability for scalar fluctuations with wavelength $λ$ comprised in the instability band $(3H m)^{-1/2}
description: 27 pages, 7 figures, matches published version
Bernard Owens (1938–2019)
Creators: name: Riding, James B.
name: McLean, Duncan
name: Wellman, Charles H.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Bernard Owens (1938–2019)
Purchase prices and abnormal returns in United States banking industry mergers and acquisitions: 1989--1995
Creators: name: Zhang, Xuechun
Publisher: name: ProQuest
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 38
subject: Economics

description: This study examines the purchase prices and the abnormal returns in mergers and acquisitions in the U.S. banking industry during 1989-95. It consists of two parts of empirical work. The first part, the comparison of deposit premiums paid in private branch sales with those in federally assisted failed institution sales, suggests that in the government-assisted failed branch sales, the FDIC and RTC subsidized the buyers of the failed-bank and thrift branches during 1989-91. After 1991, the deposit premium differences between the two types of deals were negligible, indicating that there may not be any government subsidization in the last four years of our observation period. Moreover, the two-stage ordinary least squares models show that the target's value is different for different buyers, which provides evidence for that the branch sales may be independent private value auctions. In addition, this paper shows that industry level variables are statistically significant in determining the purchase premium, which also holds true in the second part of the empirical work dealing with private whole bank and thrift mergers. The second part of the empirical study examines the merger prices and the abnormal returns (ARs) of the private whole bank and thrift transactions. Not surprisingly, the current study finds that the merger prices (the ratio of tangible book value premium to core deposit) are significantly higher in the deals involving publicly traded buyers or sellers, which indicates that the capital market plays an important role in determining the merger price. The shareholders of the target firms gain large positive ARs after the transaction announcement, whereas the shareholders of the acquiring firms gain much less, although still positive returns from the merger. On average, the overall returns of the buyers and sellers are positive. Similar results are also confirmed by the seemingly unrelated regression (SUR) models. The study of ARs features a model that enables an analysis of the effects of consecutive deals made by the same buyers. The average AR resulting from the first deal is much higher than those of the second deal, implying that if a firm jumps to another deal before it can digest the previous transaction, the market shows its skepticism in the form of lower improvements in the buyer's stock price. However, once convinced of the buyer's ability in handling mergers and acquisitions, the market responds positively to its future deals, which is shown in the higher ARs in the third deals conducted by the same buyer. Nevertheless, we cannot draw a general conclusion on how previous deals affect the more recent transactions, because there is a wide dispersion in the measured ARs associated with "termed" deals.
Multicriteria Analysis of policy alternatives for the conservation cald n forest in C rdoba, Argentina
Creators: name: Tello, D.S.
name: De Prada, J.D.
name: Cristeche, E.R.
name: Tello, D.S.
name: De Prada, J.D.
name: Cristeche, E.R.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: The objective of this work is to develop a discrete multicriteria model to evaluate different conservation policies of the native cald n forest of the province of C rdoba, Argentina. The application of the PROMETHEE multicriteria method integrates a private cost benefit analysis that describes the policy effects on farms, and a contingent valuation study that describes the valuation of forest ecosystem services by the urban population of that region. The impact of six policy alternatives considering seven sustainability criteria was simulated. Criteria weighting was applied considering theoretical decision makers profiles, and the preferences expressed by workshop participants as well. The results show that the most preferred alternatives are extension programs with and without prohibition of deforestation. The multicriteria decision analysis shows an almost generalized coincidence, both in the simulation of theoretical weightings and those from the workshop, that the reforestation program with prohibition of deforestation is the best performance alternative and deregulation is the one of worst performance. Only when considering a free-market profile, deregulation turns to have the best performance. It is concluded that multicriteria methods facilitate decision making process, assessing policy alternatives by a wide range of criteria and enabling different actors to express their preferences for these criteria. Acknowledgement :
Pade-related resummations of the pressure of quark-gluon plasma by approximate inclusion of g**6-terms
Creators: name: Cvetic, G.
name: Kögerler, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We perform various resummations of the hot QCD pressure based on the actual knowledge of the perturbation series which includes the g**6 ln(1/g) and part of the g**6 terms. Resummations are performed separately for the short- and long-distance parts. The g**6 term of the short-distance pressure is estimated on the basis on the known UV cutoff dependence of the long-distance part. The resummations are of the Pade and Borel-Pade type, using in addition the (Pade-)resummed expression for the squared screening mass mE**2 and for the EQCD coupling parameter gE**2. The resummed results depend weakly on the yet unknown g**6 terms and on the the short-range renormalization scale, at all temperatures. The dependence on the long-range renormalization scale is appreciable at low temperatures T < 1 GeV. The resulting dependence of pressure on temperature T is compatible with the results of the lattice calculations at low T.
description: 25 pages, 15 double figures, 4 single figures, revtex4; thoroughly extended analysis; more figures; conclusions more clearly formulated; new references added; title slightly changed; accepted for publication in Phys.Rev.D
Attachment style, perceptions of vulnerability, and personality functioning in survivors of childhood and adolescent cancer
Creators: name: Schmerl, Lauryn Traci
Publisher: name: ProQuest
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 52
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology
classificationCode: 5203
subject: Clinical and health psychology
classificationCode: 5205
subject: Social and personality psychology

description: This study utilized attachment theory to predict individual differences in vulnerability perceptions and personality functioning following a serious and chronic illness. Ninety-nine young adult survivors of pediatric cancer completed questionnaires that were sent to their homes. Subjects classified as anxious ambivalent tended to rate their vulnerability for potential future problems as higher than avoidant subjects and reported less satisfaction than other participants with the amount of emotional support received while ill. Anxious ambivalent attachment was also associated with distress, a lack of well-being, and a desire for control. The avoidant attachment style was related to interpersonal distance, a preference for impulsiveness over control, and an inclination toward claiming unlikely personal virtues. In contrast, secure relationship functioning was associated with social closeness, low levels of distress, and reports of receiving as much comfort as desired during the cancer experience. Securely attached survivors also reported significantly fewer posttraumatic intrusion and avoidance reactions than avoidant and anxious ambivalent participants. These findings support the hypothesis that insecure attachment serves as a vulnerability, interfering with an individual's ability to work through a traumatic experience.
Heterogeneous return from Agricultural Innovation Adoption: The Role of the price effect
Creators: name: Bonjean, I.
name: Bonjean, I.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: In conditions of poor soil fertility and increasing importance of global value chain, agricultural extension projects have been one of the main channel to increase farmer's production and income. In this literature, prices received by farmers for agricultural goods are usually assumed to be homogeneous. We dispute this over-simplification: prices and production levels in developing countries are often jointly determined. The analysis relies on a successful extension program in the Peruvian highlands, where the main income source is the dairy sector characterized by a highly segmented market. We propose a simple theoretical model to explore how the discontinuity in price induces non-linear return to investment and diverging incentives. The econometric analysis confirms the model's propositions: producers that were not included in the formal market at baseline, but close to it, have more intensively innovated. This investment leads to a higher price increase than other producers. The effects are shown to resist to falsification tests, mechanisms are discussed and positive externalities are found within communities. Hence we show that innovation in the context of a segmented market leads to heterogeneous impacts and non-trivial income effects. Contrarily to the expected disequalizing effects of innovation adoption, it induces scope for unexpected social mobility. Acknowledgement : We thank Jean-Philippe Platteau, Catherine Guirkinger, Jean-Marie Baland, Franc{c}ois Bourguignon, Michael Grimm, Jo Swinnen, James Fenske and Douglas Gollin for very helpful comments and suggestions
Global optometrist research ranking derived from a science-wide author database of standardised citation indicators
Creators: name: Nichols, Jason J
name: Morgan, Philip B
name: Efron, Nathan
name: Jones, Lyndon W
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Plant Biology

description: Publications in refereed scientific journals provide a rigorous research base that underpins clinical optometric practice. Leading optometrists who generate this literature can be identified and ranked using standardised citation indicators. This work seeks to identify and rank all optometrists included in a Science-Wide author database of standardised citation indicators (S-W) and to compare this ranking with the Global Optometrist Top 200 Research Ranking (T200). A search was conducted for the names of all optometrists in the T200 who were included in the S-W, which is a world-wide listing of the top 2% of scientists in each of 174 subfield disciplines, ranked according to a composite citation indicator (cns) that excludes self-citations and corrects for multiple authorships and author order. The names of 66 optometrists are found in the S-W. Of these, 58 are designated as working in the primary sub-field ‘Ophthalmology & Optometry’; this listing, in rank-order of cns, is referred to as the ‘S-W-derived Optometrist Research Ranking’ (S-WORR). Australian optometrist Nathan Efron is ranked #1 in the S-WORR. The number (%) of optometrists in the S-WORR from each country is: the United States – 26 (45%), Australia – 12 (21%), the United Kingdom – 11 (19%), Canada – 5 (9%), Spain – 2 (3%), Hong Kong – 1 (2%) and South Africa – 1 (2%). The universities housing the equal highest number of optometrists in the S-WORR (five each) are the University of California, Berkeley, USA; the University of New South Wales, Australia; and Queensland University of Technology, Australia. There is a moderately strong correlation between T200 and S-WORR rankings (ρ = 0.6017, N = 58, p The S-WORR represents an elite cohort of optometrists who ought to be celebrated for their outstanding, leading and impactful contributions to optometric research.
Attachment style, perceptions of vulnerability, and personality functioning in survivors of childhood and adolescent cancer
Creators: name: Schmerl, Lauryn Traci
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: This study utilized attachment theory to predict individual differences in vulnerability perceptions and personality functioning following a serious and chronic illness. Ninety-nine young adult survivors of pediatric cancer completed questionnaires that were sent to their homes. Subjects classified as anxious ambivalent tended to rate their vulnerability for potential future problems as higher than avoidant subjects and reported less satisfaction than other participants with the amount of emotional support received while ill. Anxious ambivalent attachment was also associated with distress, a lack of well-being, and a desire for control. The avoidant attachment style was related to interpersonal distance, a preference for impulsiveness over control, and an inclination toward claiming unlikely personal virtues. In contrast, secure relationship functioning was associated with social closeness, low levels of distress, and reports of receiving as much comfort as desired during the cancer experience. Securely attached survivors also reported significantly fewer posttraumatic intrusion and avoidance reactions than avoidant and anxious ambivalent participants. These findings support the hypothesis that insecure attachment serves as a vulnerability, interfering with an individual's ability to work through a traumatic experience.
The ProtoDUNE-SP LArTPC Electronics Production, Commissioning, and Performance
Creators: name: Adams, D.
name: Bass, M.
name: Bishai, M.
name: Bromberg, C.
name: Calcutt, J.
name: Chen, H.
name: Fried, J.
name: Furic, I.
name: Gao, S.
name: Gastler, D.
name: Hugon, J.
name: Joshi, J.
name: Kirby, B.
name: Liu, F.
name: Mahn, K.
name: Mooney, M.
name: Morris, C.
name: Pereyra, C.
name: Pons, X.
name: Radeka, V.
name: Raguzin, E.
name: Shooltz, D.
name: Spanu, M.
name: Timilsina, A.
name: Tufanli, S.
name: Tzanov, M.
name: Viren, B.
name: Gu, W.
name: Williams, Z.
name: Wood, K.
name: Worcester, E.
name: Worcester, M.
name: Yang, G.
name: Zhang, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The ProtoDUNE-SP detector is a large-scale prototype of the Single-Phase (SP) Liquid Argon Time Projection Chamber (LArTPC) design proposed for the Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment (DUNE). 15,360 LArTPC wires are instrumented with low electronic noise pre-amplifier and digitization ASICs integrated into Front End Motherboards (FEMBs) operating at cryogenic temperature within the cryostat. The large number of electronics channels and high performance specifications required a large-scale production electronics quality control effort, careful installation into Anode Plane Assemblies (APAs), and rigorous detector commissioning. This successful collaboration-wide effort achieved a working LArTPC electronics channel percentage of 99.7% (15,318 of 15,360 channels in total), whose operating performance exceeded expectations. We summarize the ProtoDUNE-SP cold electronics design and quality control, installation, and commissioning efforts that enabled this excellent electronics performance.
Number of states with fixed angular momentum for identical fermions and bosons
Creators: name: Zhao, Y. M.
name: Arima, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present in this paper empirical formulas for the number of angular momentum I states for three and four identical fermions or bosons. In the cases with large I we prove that the number of states with the same ${\cal M}$ and n but different J is identical if $I \ge (n-2)J - {1/2} (n-1)(n-2)$ for fermions and $I \ge (n-2)J$ for bosons, and that the number of states is also identical for the same ${\cal M}$ but different n and J if ${\cal M} \le $min(n, 2J+1 - n) for fermions and for ${\cal M} \le $min(n, 2J) for bosons. Here ${\cal M} =I_{max}-I$, n is the particle number, and J refers to the angular momentum of a single-particle orbit for fermions, or the spin L carried by bosons.
description: 9 pages, no figures
Spatial aggregation of land uses allocation and pesticide efficiency at landscape level A Multi-ware production approach
Creators: name: Dakpo, K.H.
name: Vincent, M.
name: Boussemart, J.-P.
name: Dakpo, K.H.
name: Vincent, M.
name: Boussemart, J.-P.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2018
Subjects: Land Economics/Use

description: We extend the single-stage framework of damage-control inputs like pesticides to a multi-ware framework where four technologies are considered. The economic technologies describe the production and the damages due to pests while the ecological technologies represent the dynamics of pests and predators populations. To account for the possibilities of spatial effects of land uses (crop and non-crop habitats), we consider an analysis at the landscape level and try to find the optimal allocation of the land uses that help minimizing pesticides. To this aim we rely on a prey-predator simulation model. We assess pesticides performance considering nonparametric production frontier techniques. Our results indicate that pesticides can be reduced by 7.7% without reducing the landscape production. In terms of land uses we found that grasslands areas should be increased by more than twice and croplands with medium levels of pesticides unchanged. Croplands with zero and high levels of pesticides should be reduced. In terms of trade-offs between pesticides and the landscape production we found that the spillover effect is very high and result in a negative trade-off because of the destruction of predators by pesticides. Pesticides inefficiency can be reduced when treated areas are spatially aggregated and when grasslands are subsidized. Acknowledgement :
Ohm's Law in the Fast Lane: General Relativistic Charge Dynamics
Creators: name: Meier, David L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Fully relativistic and causal equations for the flow of charge in curved spacetime are derived. It is believed that this is the first set of equations to be published that correctly describes the flow of charge, and evolution of the electromagnetic field, in highly dynamical relativistic environments on time scales much shorter than the collapse time ($GM/c^3$). The equations will be important for correctly investigating problems such as the dynamical collapse of magnetized stellar cores to black holes and the production of jets and gravitational waves. This system of equations, given the name of `charge dynamics', is analogous to those of hydrodynamics (which describe the flow of {\em mass} in spacetime rather than the flow of charge). The most important one in the system is the relativistic generalized Ohm's law, which is used to compute time-dependent four-current. Unlike previous equations for the current, this one ensures that charge drift velocities remain less than the speed of light, takes into account the finite current rise time, is expressed in a covariant form, and is suitable for general relativistic computations in an arbitrary metric. It includes the standard known effects (Lorentz force, Hall effect, pressure effect, and resistivity) and reduces to known forms of Ohm's law in the appropriate limits. In addition, the plasma particles are allowed to have highly relativistic drift velocities, resulting in an implicit equation for the `current beaming factor' $γ_q$.
description: 23 pages, 0 figures; accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal
P-glycoprotein mediated steroid transport in drug-sensitive and multidrug-resistant cells
Creators: name: Barnes, Kevin Michael
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: P-glycoprotein (Pgp), product of the MDR1 gene, is a 170 kDa transmembrane phosphoglycoprotein responsible for the multidrug-resistant (MDR) phenotype in various cancer cells. Pgp is an ATP-dependent drug efflux pump which transports various chemotherapeutic agents and other hydrophobic chemicals across the cell membrane. Although Pgp is also expressed in normal human tissues, such as the adrenal gland, liver, and kidney, its endogenous function is unknown. We hypothesized (1) that Pgp in the adrenal serves to transport newly-synthesized steroids across the cell membrane to the extracellular space and (2) that Pgp function is modulated by Pgp phosphorylation. The effect of Pgp on the accumulation of fifteen steroids in multidrug-resistant human colon carcinoma SW620 Ad300 cells was compared to the accumulation in drug-sensitive parental SW620 cells. The accumulation of three steroids in multidrug resistant cells expressing Pgp was not altered compared to parental cells. However, the accumulation of twelve other steroids was reduced by as much as 50% and was shown to correlate significantly with decreased hydrophobicity. For example, the hydrophilic steroid cortisol was shown to be efficiently transported by Pgp whereas the hydrophobic steroid progesterone was not transported by Pgp. In H295 and SW620 Ad300 cells, progesterone and progesterone-like compounds acted as potent inhibitors of Pgp-mediated vinblastine efflux. The potency of this antagonism correlated with increased steroid hydrophobicity and decreased with increased steroid transport. In H295 human adrenocortical carcinoma cells treatment with calphostin C, a PKC inhibitor which decreases Pgp phosphorylation, caused an increase in steroid accumulation which significantly correlated with reduced hydrophobicity. Treatment with calphostin C increased progesterone efflux in SW620 Ad300 cells, modulated Pgp antagonism by steroids, and inhibited photoaffinity labeling of Pgp by progesterone. We conclude that (1) Pgp can mediate the transport of steroids, (2) Pgp-mediated transport can be antagonized by a variety of steroids, (3) these properties strongly correlate with steroid hydrophobicity, and (4) the state of phosphorylated Pgp affects steroid transport and steroid antagonism of Pgp-mediated transport. Our data suggest that one endogenous function of P-glycoprotein in the adrenal is the transport of hydrophilic steroids, primarily cortisol and aldosterone.
Return to return point memory
Creators: name: Deutsch, J. M.
name: Dhar, Abhishek
name: Narayan, Onuttom
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe a new class of systems exhibiting return point memory (RPM) that are different from those discussed before in the context of ferromagnets. We show numerically that one dimensional random Ising antiferromagnets have RPM, when configurations evolve from a large field. However, RPM is violated when started from some stable configurations at finite field unlike in the ferromagnetic case. This implies that the standard approach to understanding ferromagnetic RPM systems will fail for this case. We also demonstrate RPM with a set of variables that keep track of spin flips at each site. Conventional RPM for the spin configuration is a projection of this result, suggesting that spin flip variables might be a more fundamental representation of the dynamics. We also present a mapping that embeds the antiferromagnetic chain in a two dimensional ferromagnetic model, and prove RPM for spin exchange dynamics in the interior of the chain with this mapping.
The Use of Mobile Money Application and Smallholder Farmer Market Participation: Evidence form Cote d Ivoire and Tanzania
Creators: name: Yao, B.
name: Shanoyan, A.
name: Yao, B.
name: Shanoyan, A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2018
Subjects: Food Security and Poverty

description: With the growing food security concerns market participation of smallholder farmers has regained the attention of policy makers and agricultural development community. The widespread adoption of information and communication technologies in Sub-Saharan Africa over the last decade have paved the way for the introduction of digital solutions such as mobile money that have a potential to enhance access to input and output markets. Using a conceptual framework based on the Transaction Cost Economics theory, we propose a hypothesis that the ability to make quick and low-cost money transfers through mobile money application can lower the transaction costs associated with hold-up risks of participating in distant markets. This hypothesis is tested using the data from the CGAP survey in Cote d Ivoire and Tanzania. The methods include Heckman Probit model to account for sample selection bias. The findings indicate that the stallholder farmers who use the mobile money for receiving payments from buyers are more likely to sell their product in city and regional markets versus farm gate options such as middleman and village markets. Key words: market participation, mobile money, transaction costs, Sub-Saharan Africa Acknowledgement :
Sample size calculations for noninferiority trials for time-to-event data using the concept of proportional time
Creators: name: Milind A. Phadnis
name: Mayo, Matthew S.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Noninferiority trials intend to show that a new treatment is ‘not worse' than a standard-of-care active control and can be used as an alternative when it is likely to cause fewer side effects compared to the active control. In the case of time-to-event endpoints, existing methods of sample size calculation are done either assuming proportional hazards between the two study arms, or assuming exponentially distributed lifetimes. In scenarios where these assumptions are not true, there are few reliable methods for calculating the sample sizes for a time-to-event noninferiority trial. Additionally, the choice of the non-inferiority margin is obtained either from a meta-analysis of prior studies, or strongly justifiable ‘expert opinion', or from a ‘well conducted' definitive large-sample study. Thus, when historical data do not support the traditional assumptions, it would not be appropriate to use these methods to design a noninferiority trial. For such scenarios, an alternate method of sample size calculation based on the assumption of Proportional Time is proposed. This method utilizes the generalized gamma ratio distribution to perform the sample size calculations. A practical example is discussed, followed by insights on choice of the non-inferiority margin, and the indirect testing of superiority of treatment compared to placebo.
Non-reciprocal phase transitions
Creators: name: Fruchart, Michel
name: Hanai, Ryo
name: Littlewood, Peter B.
name: Vitelli, Vincenzo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Out of equilibrium, the lack of reciprocity is the rule rather than the exception. Non-reciprocal interactions occur, for instance, in networks of neurons, directional growth of interfaces, and synthetic active materials. While wave propagation in non-reciprocal media has recently been under intense study, less is known about the consequences of non-reciprocity on the collective behavior of many-body systems. Here, we show that non-reciprocity leads to time-dependent phases where spontaneously broken symmetries are dynamically restored. The resulting phase transitions are controlled by spectral singularities called exceptional points. We describe the emergence of these phases using insights from bifurcation theory and non-Hermitian quantum mechanics. Our approach captures non-reciprocal generalizations of three archetypal classes of self-organization out of equilibrium: synchronization, flocking and pattern formation. Collective phenomena in these non-reciprocal systems range from active time-(quasi)crystals to exceptional-point enforced pattern-formation and hysteresis. Our work paves the way towards a general theory of critical phenomena in non-reciprocal matter.
description: Supplementary movies at https://home.uchicago.edu/~vitelli/videos.html
Avoiding penetrating keratoplasty in severe keratoconus using a wavefront-guided scleral lens
Creators: name: Hastings, Gareth D.
name: Nguyen, Lan Chi
name: Kauffman, Matthew J.
name: Hemmati, Roxana T.
name: Marsack, Jason D.
name: Applegate, Raymond A.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Avoiding penetrating keratoplasty in severe keratoconus using a wavefront-guided scleral lens
Phenomenological constraints on broken R parity symmetry in supersymmetry models
Creators: name: Chemtob, Marc
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The R parity odd renormalizable Yukawa interactions of quarks and leptons with the scalar superpartners have the ability to violate the baryon and lepton numbers, change the hadron and lepton flavors and make the lightest supersymmetric particle unstable. The existence of an approximate R parity symmetry would thus affect in a deep way the conventional framework of the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model where an exact R parity symmetry is built-in by assumption. The purpose of the present review is to survey in a systematic way the direct experimental constraints set on the R parity violating couplings by the low and intermediate energy physics processes. We consider first the option of bilinear R parity violation and spontaneously broken R parity symmetry and proceed next to the trilinear R parity violating interactions. The discussion aims at surveying the indirect coupling constant bounds derived from fundamental tests of the Standard Model and the variety of scattering and rare decay processes. We also discuss the constraints imposed by the renormalization group scale evolution and the cosmological and astrophysical phenomenology.
description: 91 pages, Latex file, 4 figure in postsript files, to be published in "Prog. Part. Nucl. Phys."
P-glycoprotein mediated steroid transport in drug-sensitive and multidrug-resistant cells
Creators: name: Barnes, Kevin Michael
Publisher: name: ProQuest
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 31
subject: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
classificationCode: 3101
subject: Biochemistry and cell biology
classificationCode: 34
subject: Chemical sciences
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: P-glycoprotein (Pgp), product of the MDR1 gene, is a 170 kDa transmembrane phosphoglycoprotein responsible for the multidrug-resistant (MDR) phenotype in various cancer cells. Pgp is an ATP-dependent drug efflux pump which transports various chemotherapeutic agents and other hydrophobic chemicals across the cell membrane. Although Pgp is also expressed in normal human tissues, such as the adrenal gland, liver, and kidney, its endogenous function is unknown. We hypothesized (1) that Pgp in the adrenal serves to transport newly-synthesized steroids across the cell membrane to the extracellular space and (2) that Pgp function is modulated by Pgp phosphorylation. The effect of Pgp on the accumulation of fifteen steroids in multidrug-resistant human colon carcinoma SW620 Ad300 cells was compared to the accumulation in drug-sensitive parental SW620 cells. The accumulation of three steroids in multidrug resistant cells expressing Pgp was not altered compared to parental cells. However, the accumulation of twelve other steroids was reduced by as much as 50% and was shown to correlate significantly with decreased hydrophobicity. For example, the hydrophilic steroid cortisol was shown to be efficiently transported by Pgp whereas the hydrophobic steroid progesterone was not transported by Pgp. In H295 and SW620 Ad300 cells, progesterone and progesterone-like compounds acted as potent inhibitors of Pgp-mediated vinblastine efflux. The potency of this antagonism correlated with increased steroid hydrophobicity and decreased with increased steroid transport. In H295 human adrenocortical carcinoma cells treatment with calphostin C, a PKC inhibitor which decreases Pgp phosphorylation, caused an increase in steroid accumulation which significantly correlated with reduced hydrophobicity. Treatment with calphostin C increased progesterone efflux in SW620 Ad300 cells, modulated Pgp antagonism by steroids, and inhibited photoaffinity labeling of Pgp by progesterone. We conclude that (1) Pgp can mediate the transport of steroids, (2) Pgp-mediated transport can be antagonized by a variety of steroids, (3) these properties strongly correlate with steroid hydrophobicity, and (4) the state of phosphorylated Pgp affects steroid transport and steroid antagonism of Pgp-mediated transport. Our data suggest that one endogenous function of P-glycoprotein in the adrenal is the transport of hydrophilic steroids, primarily cortisol and aldosterone.
Generalization of the $N_pN_n$ scheme to non-yrast levels of even-even nuclei
Creators: name: Zhao, Y. M.
name: Arima, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we present the systematics of excitation energies for even-even nuclei in two regions: the 50$
description: 6 pages and 2 figures
The shadow value of agricultural land rent of rural households and alternative uses of land for sustainable development: the case of Mexico
Creators: name: Hernandez-Solano, A.
name: Yunez-Naude, A.
name: Hernandez-Solano, A.
name: Yunez-Naude, A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2018
Subjects: Land Economics/Use

description: Market failures are frequent in the rural sector of less developed countries, so, rural economic agents that face high transaction costs take their decisions based on implicit or shadow prices. Failing to consider this feature may generate, amongst others, misleading results for policy evaluation and recommendations. In this paper we develop a theoretical agricultural household model that considers market failures in a subsistence crop market and in agricultural land and labor markets. We apply the model to estimate econometrically the shadow price of agricultural land of rural households in Mexico using economic and socio-demographic data from a representative national survey of these economic agents. We find that the estimated average shadow price of their land rent is relatively high and also that it has sharp variation in rural Mexico. Based on these results we suggest that policies aimed to promote changes in the use of rural land (e.g. from agriculture to forestry) have to consider the value attached to agricultural land by rural households and its variability according to the diversity of agro-ecological conditions in countries like Mexico. Acknowledgement : We thank the financial support of Mexico Nacional Council for de Evaluation of Social Policy (CONEVAL, Spanish acronym), granted to the authors through El Colegio de Mexico.
Beyond the Starobinsky model for inflation
Creators: name: Cheong, Dhong Yeon
name: Lee, Hyun Min
name: Park, Seong Chan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We single out the Starobinsky model and its extensions among generic $f(R)$ gravity as attractors at large field values for chaotic inflation. Treating a $R^3$ curvature term as a perturbation of the Starobinsky model, we impose the phenomenological bounds on the additional term satisfying the successful inflationary predictions. We find that the scalar spectral index can vary in both the red or blue tilted direction, depending on the sign of the coefficient of the $R^3$ term, whereas the tensor-to-scalar ratio is less affected in the Planck-compatible region. We also discuss the role of higher order curvature term for stability and the reheating dynamics for the unambiguous prediction for the number of efoldings up to the $R^3$ term.
description: 8 pages, 2 figures, v3: included content on initial conditions, matches PLB version
Magnesium isotope ratios in Hyades stars
Creators: name: Yong, David
name: Lambert, David L.
name: Prieto, Carlos Allende
name: Paulson, Diane B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using classical model atmospheres and an LTE analysis, Mg isotope ratios 24Mg:25Mg:26Mg are measured in 32 Hyades dwarfs covering 4000K < Teff < 5000K. We find no significant trend in any isotope ratio versus Teff and the mean isotope ratio is in excellent agreement with the solar value. We determine stellar parameters and Fe abundances for 56 Hyades dwarfs covering 4000K < Teff < 6200K. For stars warmer than 4700K, we derive a cluster mean value of [Fe/H] = 0.16 +/- 0.02 (sigma=0.1), in good agreement with previous studies. For stars cooler than 4700K, we find that the abundance of Fe from ionized lines exceeds the abundance of Fe from neutral lines. At 4700K [Fe/H]_II - [Fe/H]_I = 0.3 dex while at 4000K [Fe/H]_II - [Fe/H]_I = 1.2 dex. This discrepancy between the Fe abundance from neutral and ionized lines likely reflects inadequacies in the model atmospheres and the presence of Non-LTE or other effects. Despite the inability of the models to reproduce ionization equilibrium for Fe, the Mg isotope ratios appear immune to these problems and remain a powerful tool for studying Galactic chemical evolution.
description: ApJ in press (March 10 2004)
$γ$-hadron spectra in p + Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\rm NN}}=5.02$ TeV
Creators: name: Xie, Man
name: Wang, Xin-Nian
name: Zhang, Han-Zhong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Under the assumption that a quark-gluon plasma droplet is produced and its evolution can be described by hydrodynamics in p + A collisions, $γ$-triggered hadron spectra are studied within a next-to-leading-order perturbative QCD parton model with the medium-modified parton fragmentation functions. The initial conditions and space-time evolution of the small QGP droplet are provided by the superSONIC hydrodynamic model simulations and parton energy loss in such a medium is described by the high-twist (HT) approach. The scaled jet transport coefficient $\hat{q}/T^3$ in this HT approach is extracted from single hadron suppression in central A + A collisions at the same colliding energy. Numerical results for this scenario show that $γ$-hadron spectra at $p_{\rm T}^γ=12-40$ GeV/$c$ are suppressed by 5\% $\sim$ 10\% in the most central 0 - 10\% p + Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\rm NN}}=5.02$ TeV. The suppression becomes weaker at higher transverse momentum of the $γ$ trigger. As a comparison, $γ$-hadron suppression in Pb + Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\rm NN}}=2.76$ and 5.02 TeV is also predicted.
description: 15 pages, 15 figures. v2: published version
title: Enhancement of anti-tumour immunity by transduction with a Mycobacterium tuberculosis gene
Creators: name: Sfondrini, Lucia
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 2001

description: As a strategy to enhance immune response against tumours by a "danger signal", the Mycobacterium tuberculosis Ag38 gene encoding an highly immunogenic protein has been transduced in tumour cells. The gene was stably expressed on tumour cell surface by using a retroviral vector modified to express the leader and transmembrane sequences of the Nerve Growth Factor Receptor. Transduced cells have been used as a cellular vaccine in syngeneic mice and their ability to elicit an anti-tumour response has been evaluated against both a transplanted tumour model and against a spontaneous tumour model.

 In the transplanted melanoma model, vaccination with transduced cells induced a significant protection against subcutaneous or intravenous challenge with non transduced cells. In Ag38-transduced vaccinated mice a preferential Thl response was observed. Moreover, after challenge, a high titre of antibodies directed against tumour cells was detected in protected mice. Most of these antibodies were directed against endogenously expressed viral antigens, while no reactivity against melanocyte lineage specific antigens was observed.

 In the HER2/Neu transgenic mice model, which spontaneously develop stochastic mammary tumours after a long latency period, the onset of tumour development was significantly delayed in mice vaccinated with Ag38-transduced cells. The delay in tumour development was increased when mice were vaccinated with the Ag38 transduced vaccine plus ·a systemic administration of IL-12 at . ~ low dose. Consistent with melanoma model, a preferential Thl profile was observed in mice in response to vaccination with Ag38-transduced cells and a CD3+CD8+ population able to respond to the tumour with IFN-y production was derived from these mice. No humoral response was induced in protected mice, while an activated CD4+ T cell population producing IL-4 was obtained from long-survived mice.
Unusual State in V Sagittae
Creators: name: Kato, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It has been recently demonstrated that the recurring high/low states in the peculiar binary V Sge can be explained by considering the limit-cycle oscillation involving negative feedback by the wind on the mass-transfer from the secondary star. We noticed, from the recent observations reported to the VSNET (http://www.kusastro.kyoto-u.ac.jp/vsnet/), the presence of a different state of recurring variations (recurrence time ~30 d) showing a gradual rise and a sudden drop in brightness. The observed features of this light variation are unlikely to be reproduced by the limit-cycle oscillation mechanism involving a mass-transfer variation from the secondary star (Hachisu, Kato 2003, astro-ph/0308065). We suggest that the phenomenon originates from an unidentified intrinsic instability in the disk or in the wind of a high luminosity object as in V Sge.
description: 2 pages, 1 figure, to appear in PASJ (special issue on VSNET)
Chancellor Boulevard and East Mall Intersection : Detailed Design
Creators: name: Demmers, Diana
name: Laing, Ash
name: Poonia, Vickramjit
name: Springer, Talen
name: Sutherland, Cory
name: Slotboom, Christian
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2017

description: The intersection at Chancellor Boulevard and East Mall is currently facing several challenges and requires a complete redesign. The University of British Columbia (UBC) Campus and Community Planning group has commissioned Westcoast Consulting Group Inc. to prepare detailed design plans for the intersection redevelopment. The chosen design addresses the anticipated future demands of the intersection, creates a safe and efficient traffic flow, accommodates alternative modes of transportation, and follows UBC’s sustainable vision, all while creating a welcoming gateway to the UBC campus. Technical aspects of the design focused on were: Roadway Geometry, Wastewater Management, Construction Management, Structural design, and geotechnical design The new intersection is a traffic circle with a two-lane entry and one-lane exiting system. Included in this report is a number of drawings detailing the geometry of the intersection. A welcome sign and structural arch have been incorporated into the design to address the aesthetic requirements. Based off Qualhymo Water Balance Model outputs, a comprehensive Stormwater Management Plan has been assembled to accommodate a potential flooding events. Additionally, an extensive Construction Management Plan has been developed to minimize traffic impacts, time of construction, and any social or environmental impacts on the adjoining private neighbourhood. The project is estimated to cost $4.7 million and is scheduled for a 6-month permitting phase followed by a 4-month construction phase. Disclaimer: “UBC SEEDS provides students with the opportunity to share the findings of their studies, as well as their opinions, conclusions and recommendations with the UBC community. The reader should bear in mind that this is a student project/report and is not an official document of UBC. Furthermore readers should bear in mind that these reports may not reflect the current status of activities at UBC. We urge you to contact the research persons mentioned in a report or the SEEDS Coordinator about the current status of the subject matter of a project/report.”