Russelliana Tuthill 1959
Creators: name: Serbina, Liliya
name: Burckhardt, Daniel
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Psyllidae
Russelliana

description: Russelliana Tuthill, 1959
Russelliana Tuthill, 1959: 11. Type species: Russelliana solanicola Tuthill, by original designation and monotypy. Arepuna Tuthill, 1959: 10. Type species: Arepuna lycii Tuthill, by original designation and monotypy. Synonymised with Russelliana by Burckhardt, 1987: 365.
Description. Head, in profile, weakly (<45°) to strongly (45–90°) inclined from longitudinal body axis. Vertex subtrapezoidal (Fig. 2 A, C, D, E) to trapezoidal (Fig. 2 B) with indented foveae, anteriorly produced into transverse tubercle (Fig. 2 C) or lobe (Fig. 2 A, B, D. E) on either side of mid-line, with flat to raised hind margin around lateral ocelli; covered with microscopical to long setae. Genal processes conical, slender (Fig. 2 A, C, D) to swollen (Fig. 2 B, E), pointed to slightly blunt apically; 0.2–1.1 times as long as vertex; covered with short to long setae. Antenna 10-segmented; 0.8–2.1 times as long as head width; with a subapical rhinarium on each of segments 4, 6, 8 and 9; segment 10 usually with a pair of subequal terminal setae. Clypeus heart-shaped, weakly protruding in profile. Rostrum relatively short (rarely long); median and distal labium segments 0.1–0.5 (rarely 0.6–0.7) times as long as head width; median segment 1.1–3.4 times longer than distal segment. Pronotum lacking tubercles, or with one to three tubercles on either side. Propleurites longer than their width; episternum and epimeron subequal. Forewing (Fig. 3) membrane colourless or whitish to bright yellow (rarely brown to black), often becoming darker towards apex, with or without pattern; if pattern absent, membrane (Fig. 3 A) often fumose in the middle of cells in apical part and with brown patch along vein Cu1b; if present, pattern (Fig. 3 D–E) consists of pale to dark brown stripes and/or dots. Forewing oval, oblong-oval (Fig. 3 A), oviform (Fig. 3 B, C) to rhomboidal (Fig. 3 D, E), widest in the middle (Fig. 3 B, C) or in apical third (Fig. 3 A, D–E), narrowly or broadly rounded apically; forewing length 2.0– 2.9 times as long as its width; veins with short (rarely long) microscopical setae in comparison with vein width, more densely spaced towards wing base. Vein C+Sc of forewing weakly (Fig. 3 A, B) to strongly (Fig. 3 C–E) curved; pterostigma long (rarely short); vein Rs relatively straight, weakly sinuous (Fig. 3 A–C) or strongly curved to fore margin apically (Fig. 3 D, E); vein M longer, shorter or as long as either of veins M1+2 and M3+4. Forewing surface spinules often present in all cells, weakly to strongly developed, sometimes with radular spinules covering triangular (rarely rounded) areas along the margin of cells r2, m1, m2 and cu1; sometimes surface spinules absent in apical third of the wing but base of cell cu2 and area between clavus and vein A always covered with fine surface spinules. Meracanthus of metacoxae long, spur-shaped; metatibia 0.4–0.9 times as long as head width, without basal spine, with a crown of ungrouped or indistinctly grouped 4–9 apical spurs. Basal metatarsal segment without black spurs.
Terminalia. Male (Figs 4–6). Subgenital plate relatively short, elongate to subglobular; covered with short to long setae except for base, rarely with a row of bristles along dorsal margin. Proctiger tubular, barrel-shaped or irregularly subtrapezoidal; straight to weakly produced posteriorly, widest in its middle or in basal third, rarely strongly produced posteriorly and widest in apical third; covered with short to long setae except for base. Paramere oblong-oval (Fig. 4 B), shortly (Fig. 5 E), narrowly (Figs 4 C, D, 5B, D, F, I) or broadly (Figs 4 E, 5G, H) lamellar, or irregularly subtrapezoidal (Fig. 5 A, C); always with short to long hook-shaped (Figs 4 E, 5A–C, F–I), recurved (Figs 4 B, C, 5D, E), or finger-shaped (Fig. 4 D) apico-anterior process which is on pedicel (Figs 4 B–D, 5A–E, G, I) or lacking pedicel (Figs 4 E, 5F, H); with sclerotized tooth (rarely absent) situated apically or at base of the lobe, or apically sclerotized median ridge; sometimes with short to long median hump (Fig. 5 A, C, H, I), and weakly (Figs 4 B, E, 5B, C, F, G, H, I) to strongly (Figs 4 C, D, 5A, D, E) bulged apico-posterior lobe; process usually situated at the same level with lobe, rarely interiorly towards lobe (Figs 4 B, 5B, E); outer face covered with short to long setae mostly in apical half; inner face covered with short to long setae. Distal segment of aedeagus elongate to massive, weakly to strongly expanding towards apex; with short beak-like (Fig. 6 C), long relatively straight (Fig. 6 A, E–H) or hook-shaped (Fig. 6 D) anterior process; if process absent, distal segment rounded (Fig. 6 B) or angular (Fig. 6 I) apically, weakly to strongly inflated anteriorly; with one horn-shaped apico-posterior tubercle (Fig. 6 C) to two tubercles of different size, shape and position (Fig. 6 A, D–H), sometimes tubercles absent (Fig. 6 B, I); lateral lobes always present, short to long, dilated towards apex (Fig. 6 B), or large, triangular, dilated towards apex which is rounded or concave (Fig. 6 A, C–H), or tubular with subparallel sides (Fig. 6 I), apical margin frayed or entire.— Female (Fig. 7). Terminalia relatively short, rarely long; proctiger usually 1.5–2.8 times longer than subgenital plate (rarely 1.0–1.4). Proctiger cuneate (Fig. 7 A, D, E) to subglobular (Fig. 7 C), pointed to subacute apically; dorsal margin, in profile, almost straight (Fig. 7 A, D) to strongly bent downwards (Fig. 7 C), sometimes with subapical indentation (Fig. 7 E); covered with short to long setae except for base, usually with long setae along circumanal ring and in median part. Circumanal ring (Fig. 7 B) consisting of two unequal rows of pores, outer pores generally round and inner pores long, narrow. Subgenital plate cuneate (Fig. 7 A, D) to globular (Fig. 7 C, E); rounded apically (Fig. 7 C), or with tiny to very long apical process (Fig. 7 A, D, E); covered with short to long setae except for base and usually with long setae along ventral margin; often with a row of thick bristles along dorsal margin. Dorsal and ventral valvulae straight, subacute apically; lateral valvulae narrowly rounded apically.
Comments. At present Russelliana comprises 19 described species (Tuthill 1959, 1964; Burckhardt 1986, 1987, 2008a). For six of these species also the immatures have been described: Russelliana bulbosa, capsici, disparilis, marionae, sebastiani and theresae (Burckhardt 1987, 2008a). Here, we formally describe and name adults of 24 new species, along with a revision of the previously described ones.
Due to inaccessability of slide material on Russelliana lycii (Tuthill), its description follows partly Burckhardt (1987). Females of Russelliana chilensis Burckhardt are described here for the first time, as are those of Russelliana adunca Burckhardt. Females attributed to R. adunca (Burckhardt 1987; Serbina et al. 2015) belong to another undescribed species, i.e. Russelliana caunda sp. nov. Additional species are represented in the material at hand but are not described and named here due to insufficient material or its poor state, meaning that more species of this genus are expected to be found and described.
description: Published as part of Serbina, Liliya & Burckhardt, Daniel, 2017, Systematics, biogeography and host-plant relationships of the Neotropical jumping plant-louse genus Russelliana (Hemiptera: Psylloidea), pp. 1-114 in Zootaxa 4266 (1) on pages 6-7, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.575325