cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
NOW — New and Old Worlds: Database of fossil mammals
Creators: name: Community, The NOW
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: fossils
mammals
database

description: Overview NOW is a global database of fossil mammal occurrences, currently containing around 70, 000 locality-species entries. The database spans the last 66 million years, with the primary focus on the last 23 million years. Whereas the database contains a record on all continents, the main focus and coverage of the database historically have been on Eurasia. The database covers a large part of the mammalian fossil record known to research, focusing on classical and actively researched fossil localities. It is run by a management team in collaboration with an international advisory board of experts. Rather than a static archive, the database emphasizes the continuous integration of new knowledge of the community, continuous data curation, and consistency of scientific interpretations. The database records species occurrence at localities worldwide, as well as ecological characteristics of fossil species, geological contexts of localities and more. The database is primarily used for two purposes: for queries about other occurrences of particular taxa, their properties and the properties of localities in the spirit of an encyclopedia; and for large scale research and quantitative analyses of evolutionary processes, patterns, reconstructing past environments, as well as interpreting evolutionary contexts. Accessing the data The NOW data are fully open, requiring no logging in nor a community membership is necessary for using the data for any purpose. Now data can be accessed from www.nowdatabase.org/now/database/. The most updated data can be downloaded directly from the NOW user interface. In addition, archived versions are available. Citation Minimum required attribution
 Data (https://nowdatabase.org/now/database/) by The NOW Community / CC BY 4.0. http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4268068 Suggested citation or attribution
 The NOW Community [year]. New and Old Worlds Database of Fossil Mammals (NOW). Licensed under CC BY 4.0. Retrieved [download date] from https://nowdatabase.org/now/database/. http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4268068
Pion light-front wave function, parton distribution and the electromagnetic form factor
Creators: name: Gutsche, Thomas
name: Lyubovitskij, Valery E.
name: Schmidt, Ivan
name: Vega, Alfredo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive the lowest-order $q\bar q$ valence light-front wave function for the pion with Lz=0 and |Lz|=1, which reproduces its valence parton distribution and the electromagnetic form factor consistent with data.
description: 9 pages
Security bound of cheat sensitive quantum bit commitment
Creators: name: He, Guang Ping
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Cheat sensitive quantum bit commitment (CSQBC) loosens the security requirement of quantum bit commitment (QBC), so that the existing impossibility proofs of unconditionally secure QBC can be evaded. But here we analyze the common features in all existing CSQBC protocols, and show that in any CSQBC having these features, the receiver can always learn a non-trivial amount of information on the sender's committed bit before it is unveiled, while his cheating can pass the security check with a probability not less than 50%. The sender's cheating is also studied. The optimal CSQBC protocols that can minimize the sum of the cheating probabilities of both parties are found to be trivial, as they are practically useless. We also discuss the possibility of building a fair protocol in which both parties can cheat with equal probabilities.
description: Published version
Ultra-Diffuse Galaxies as Extreme Star-forming Environments II: Star Formation and Pressure Balance in HI-Rich UDGs
Creators: name: Kado-Fong, Erin
name: Kim, Chang-Goo
name: Greene, Jenny E.
name: Lancaster, Lachlan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In addition to occupying the extreme, diffuse tail of the dwarf galaxy population, Ultra-Diffuse Galaxies (UDGs) are themselves a key laboratory in which to study star formation in extreme low-density environments. In the second paper of this series, we compare the spatially resolved star formation activity of 22 HI-selected UDGs and 21 "normal" dwarf galaxies within 120 Mpc to predictions within the pressure-regulated, feedback-modulated (PRFM) theory of star formation. To do so, we employ a joint SED fitting method that allows us to estimate star formation rate and stellar mass surface density from UV-optical imaging. We find that the PRFM framework extends successfully to the UDG regime - although the UDGs in our sample show unusually low star formation rate surface densities given their HI content, this low star formation efficiency can be naturally explained by the diffuse structure of the UDGs. In fact, when cast in the PRFM framework, the relationship between midplane pressure and star formation in the UDG sample is in good agreement not only with the "normal" dwarf reference sample, but also with measurements from more massive galaxies. Our results suggest that despite their low star formation efficiencies, the HI-rich UDGs need not be forming stars in an exotic manner. We also find that the UDGs are likely H$_2$-poor compared even to the overall dwarf population.
description: Accepted to ApJ, 22 pages, 11 figures
STROBE Checklist for the Formulating and Testing of a “Tool for Handwriting Impairments” in Children with Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD): A Pilot Study
Creators: name: Koul, Prishita
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 321399
subject: Paediatrics not elsewhere classified

description: STROBE Checklist for the Formulating and Testing of a “Tool for Handwriting Impairments” in Children with Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD): A Pilot Study
Tackling the subsampling problem to infer collective properties from limited data
Creators: name: Levina, Anna
name: Priesemann, Viola
name: Zierenberg, Johannes
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Complex systems are fascinating because their rich macroscopic properties emerge from the interaction of many simple parts. Understanding the building principles of these emergent phenomena in nature requires assessing natural complex systems experimentally. However, despite the development of large-scale data-acquisition techniques, experimental observations are often limited to a tiny fraction of the system. This spatial subsampling is particularly severe in neuroscience, where only a tiny fraction of millions or even billions of neurons can be individually recorded. Spatial subsampling may lead to significant systematic biases when inferring the collective properties of the entire system naively from a subsampled part. To overcome such biases, powerful mathematical tools have been developed in the past. In this perspective, we overview some issues arising from subsampling and review recently developed approaches to tackle the subsampling problem. These approaches enable one to assess, e.g., graph structures, collective dynamics of animals, neural network activity, or the spread of disease correctly from observing only a tiny fraction of the system. However, our current approaches are still far from having solved the subsampling problem in general, and hence we conclude by outlining what we believe are the main open challenges. Solving these challenges alongside the development of large-scale recording techniques will enable further fundamental insights into the working of complex and living systems.
description: 20 pages, 6 figures, review article
New Methodologies for Studying Intercellular Connectivity and Signaling in Plant Tissues
Creators: name: Howell, Alexander H
Publisher: name: Washington State University
Year: 2024
Subjects: Diffusion
Mechanoperception
Plant Cell
Plasmodesmata
Signaling

description: Cells are at the core of our biosphere. Their organization into tissues, organs, organ systems, and organisms requires frequent exchange of nutrients and information to promote proper developmental patterning and organismal success. Direct physical connections that unite the cytoplasm of adjacent cells provide the most energy-efficient mechanism for moving substances from one cell to the next. Therefore, it is important to understand both the subcellular mechanisms that govern cell-to-cell transport and the supracellular processes that utilize these physical connections. In a plant organism, intercellular communication is dictated by the numerous pores in a plant cell wall that enable the unity of cytoplasm between adjacent cells within and often between tissues. These so-called plasmodesmata are vital in plant physiology at the supracellular level. As plants cannot escape either biotic or abiotic stressors, they have developed sophisticated chemical signaling processes that utilize plasmodesmata to coordinate a response, if necessary.
description: The microinjection of fluorescent probes into live cells is an essential component in the toolbox of modern plant cell biology because it allows for a direct assessment of plasmodesmal function. However, traditional methods to introduce fluorescent probes into living cells necessarily introduce artifacts that limit our progress. Herein, I describe the diffusive injection micropipette (DIMP) which was developed to avoid several of the artifacts that impact cell function during traditional injections. I used DIMPs to successfully introduce fluorescent probes into plant, fungal, and animal cells, with a more in-depth investigation into the function of plant cell plasmodesmata. As plasmodesmata are nanoscopic channels with complex anatomical features, they are subject to certain biophysical processes that are absent at the macroscopic level. At the nanoscopic scale, surface charges of the plasma membrane generate an electric field that may be large enough to interact with molecules passing through plasmodesmata. Using the DIMP, I found that positively charged fluorescent probes were greatly impaired in their cell-to-cell movement via plasmodesmata when compared to negatively charged probes. This is intriguing because calcium signaling cascades that are vital to plant stress responses previously had been hypothesized to involve the movement of calcium through plasmodesmata. Therefore, I also investigated the propagation of calcium signals in local cell populations responding to mechanical stimuli. In response to mechanical stimuli that increase cell turgor, calcium signals depended on plasmodesmata for their propagation within the tissue. However, the signaling cascade following turgor decreases were independent of plasmodesmata and likely utilize extracellular pathways.
At-Scale Evaluation of Weight Clustering to Enable Energy-Efficient Object Detection
Creators: name: Caro, Martí
name: Tabani, Hamid
name: Abella, Jaume
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Hardware Architecture (cs.AR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Accelerators implementing Deep Neural Networks for image-based object detection operate on large volumes of data due to fetching images and neural network parameters, especially if they need to process video streams, hence with high power dissipation and bandwidth requirements to fetch all those data. While some solutions exist to mitigate power and bandwidth demands for data fetching, they are often assessed in the context of limited evaluations with a scale much smaller than that of the target application, which challenges finding the best tradeoff in practice. This paper sets up the infrastructure to assess at-scale a key power and bandwidth optimization - weight clustering - for You Only Look Once v3 (YOLOv3), a neural network-based object detection system, using videos of real driving conditions. Our assessment shows that accelerators such as systolic arrays with an Output Stationary architecture turn out to be a highly effective solution combined with weight clustering. In particular, applying weight clustering independently per neural network layer, and using between 32 (5-bit) and 256 (8-bit) weights allows achieving an accuracy close to that of the original YOLOv3 weights (32-bit weights). Such bit-count reduction of the weights allows shaving bandwidth requirements down to 30%-40% of the original requirements, and reduces energy consumption down to 45%. This is based on the fact that (i) energy due to multiply-and-accumulate operations is much smaller than DRAM data fetching, and (ii) designing accelerators appropriately may make that most of the data fetched corresponds to neural network weights, where clustering can be applied. Overall, our at-scale assessment provides key results to architect camera-based object detection accelerators by putting together a real-life application (YOLOv3), and real driving videos, in a unified setup so that trends observed are reliable.
description: 25 pages, 13 figures, 5 tables, published in Journal of Systems Architecture
Internal Structure of Addition Chains: Well-Ordering
Creators: name: Altman, Harry
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: F.1.1
subject: 11P99

description: An addition chain for $n$ is defined to be a sequence $(a_0,a_1,\ldots,a_r)$ such that $a_0=1$, $a_r=n$, and, for any $1\le k\le r$, there exist $0\le i, j
description: 19 pages
Topological acoustics
Creators: name: Xue, Haoran
name: Yang, Yihao
name: Zhang, Baile
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Topological acoustics is an emerging field that lies at the intersection of condensed matter physics, mechanical structural design and acoustics engineering. It explores the design and construction of novel artificial structures, such as acoustic metamaterials and phononic crystals, to manipulate sound waves robustly, taking advantage of topological protection. Early work on topological acoustics was limited to duplicating topological phases that have been understood in condensed matter systems, but recent advances have shifted the paradigm to exploring novel topological concepts that are difficult to realize in other physical systems, such as various topological semimetal phases, and topological phases associated with Floquet engineering, fragile topology, non-Hermiticity and synthetic dimensions. These developments demonstrate the unique advantages of topological acoustic systems and their role in developing topological physics. In this Review, we survey the fundamental mechanisms, basic designs and practical realizations of topological phases in acoustic systems, and provide an overview of future directions and potential applications.
description: Invited review article, 24 pages, 6 figures
Kerr Frequency Combs: A Million ways to fit light pulses into tiny rings
Creators: name: Coillet, Aurélien
name: Zhang, Shuangyou
name: Del'Haye, Pascal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Frequency combs can be generated in millimeter-sized optical resonators thanks to their ability to store extremely high light intensities and the nonlinearity of their materials. New frequencies are generated through a cascaded parametric amplification process which can result in various optical waveforms, from ultrastable pulse patterns to optical chaos. These Kerr frequency combs have been studied extensively, with a wealth of fascinating nonlinear dynamics reported, and myriads of applications being developed, ranging from precision spectroscopy and Lidars to telecom channel generators.
Undecidable propositional bimodal logics and one-variable first-order linear temporal logics with counting
Creators: name: Hampson, Christopher
name: Kurucz, Agi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: F.4.1; I.2.4

description: First-order temporal logics are notorious for their bad computational behaviour. It is known that even the two-variable monadic fragment is highly undecidable over various linear timelines, and over branching time even one-variable fragments might be undecidable. However, there have been several attempts on finding well-behaved fragments of first-order temporal logics and related temporal description logics, mostly either by restricting the available quantifier patterns, or considering sub-Boolean languages. Here we analyse seemingly `mild' extensions of decidable one-variable fragments with counting capabilities, interpreted in models with constant, decreasing, and expanding first-order domains. We show that over most classes of linear orders these logics are (sometimes highly) undecidable, even without constant and function symbols, and with the sole temporal operator `eventually'. We establish connections with bimodal logics over 2D product structures having linear and `difference' (inequality) component relations, and prove our results in this bimodal setting. We show a general result saying that satisfiability over many classes of bimodal models with commuting linear and difference relations is undecidable. As a by-product, we also obtain new examples of finitely axiomatisable but Kripke incomplete bimodal logics. Our results generalise similar lower bounds on bimodal logics over products of two linear relations, and our proof methods are quite different from the proofs of these results. Unlike previous proofs that first `diagonally encode' an infinite grid, and then use reductions of tiling or Turing machine problems, here we make direct use of the grid-like structure of product frames and obtain undecidability by reductions of counter (Minsky) machine problems.
Baryon acoustic oscillations from a joint analysis of the large-scale clustering in Fourier and configuration space
Creators: name: Dumerchat, Tyann
name: Bautista, Julian E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Baryon acoustic oscillations (BAOs) are a powerful probe of the expansion history of our Universe and are typically measured in the two-point statistics of a galaxy survey, either in Fourier space or in configuration space. In this work, we report a first measurement of BAOs from a joint fit of power spectrum and correlation function multipoles. We tested our new framework with a set of 1000 mock catalogs and showed that our method yields smaller biases on BAO parameters than individually fitting power spectra or correlation functions, or when combining them with the Gaussian approximation method. Our estimated uncertainties are slightly larger than those from the Gaussian approximation, likely due to noise in our sample covariance matrix, the larger number of nuisance parameters, or the fact that our new framework does not rely on the assumption of Gaussian likelihoods for the BAO parameters. However, we argue that our uncertainties are more reliable since they rely on fewer assumptions, and because our method takes correlations between Fourier and configuration space at the level of the two-point statistics. We performed a joint analysis of the luminous red galaxy sample of the extended baryon oscillation spectroscopic survey (eBOSS) data release 16, obtaining $D_H/r_d = 19.27 \pm 0.48$ and $D_M/r_d = 17.77 \pm 0.37$, in excellent agreement with the official eBOSS consensus BAO-only results $D_H/r_d = 19.33 \pm 0.53$ and $D_M/r_d =17.86 \pm 0.33$.
description: Accepted by A&A
Charm and $B$ to charm decays at Belle II
Creators: name: Manfredi, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on precise measurements of charmed hadron lifetimes from the Belle II experiment and on the measurement of the angle $γ$ combining Belle and Belle II data. To measure charmed hadron lifetimes we use samples of electron-positron collisions collected from 2019 to 2021 near the $Υ(4S)$ resonance, corresponding to integrated luminosities of up to 207.2 ${\rm fb^{-1}}$. The results are the world's best determinations, indicating excellent early detector performance. We measure the angle $γ$ using a model-independent Dalitz plot analysis combining Belle and Belle II data, with a total sample size of the order of 1 ${\rm ab^{-1}}$. This is the first combined analysis, and shows significant improvement with respect to previous $B$-factory determinations.
description: 6 pages, 10 figures, Moriond ElectroWeak 2022
First case of Lucio's phenomenon in a lepromatous leprosy patient following COVID-19 viral vector vaccine
Creators: name: Soares-Neto, Roberto Fernandes
name: Da Piedade, Geyse Maria Lima
name: Pereira, Priscila Soares
name: Vieira, Rebeca Yasmin Ribeiro
name: De Oliveira-Júnior, Jerocilio Maciel
name: Fraga, Thalyta Porto
name: Tenório, Martha Débora Lira
name: Oliveira, Pedro Dantas
name: Martins-Filho, Paulo Ricardo
Publisher: name: IfADo - Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors, Dortmund
Year: 2023
Subjects: COVID-19
COVID-19 vaccine
leprosy
dermatological reactions
Lucio's phenomenon

description: EXCLI Journal; 22:Doc1132; ISSN 1611-2156
Video-assisted laparoscopic bile duct exploration with choledochoscope for large element choledocholithiasis. A case report
Creators: name: Fernando Carballar Mejía M.D.
name: Sergio Maldonado Mares M.D.
name: Ana Sofía González Izaguirre M.D.
name: María Fernanda González Castillo M.D.
name: Pablo De Jesús Díaz Cruz M.D.
name: Alondra Gabriela Mercado Mendiola M.D.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Background
Choledocholithiasis is defined by the presence of stones in the main bile duct. The prevalence of choledocholithiasis in patients with calculous cholecystitis according to the American Society for Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (ASGE) and European Society for Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (ESGE) guidelines is 8% to 18%. LCBDE offers effective single-stage treatment with a stone clearance rate similar to ERCP. This method of intervention has positioned itself as an effective and safe alternative in the treatment of patients with large-element choledocholithiasis or patients with failed ERCP.
 
Keywords: Choledocolithiasis, LCBDE, choledochoscope.
Bird's eye view of molecular clouds in the Milky Way: II. Cloud kinematics from sub-pc to kpc scales
Creators: name: Spilker, Andri
name: Kainulainen, Jouni
name: Orkisz, Jan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The kinematics of molecular gas are crucial for setting the stage for star formation. One key question related to the kinematic properties of gas is how they depend on the spatial scale. We aim to describe the CO spectra, velocity dispersions, and especially the linewidth-size relation, of molecular gas from cloud (parsec-) scales to kiloparsec scales in a complete region within the Milky Way disk. We utilise the census of molecular clouds within 2 kpc from our earlier work, together with CO emission data for them from the literature. We study the kinematics and the Larson's relations for the sample of individual clouds. We also mimic a face-on view of the Milky Way and analyse the kinematics of the clouds within apertures of 0.25-2 kpc in size. In this way, we describe the scale-dependency of the CO gas kinematics and Larson's relations. We describe the spectra of CO gas at cloud scales and in apertures between 0.25-2 kpc in our survey area. The spectra within the apertures are relatively symmetric but show non-Gaussian high-velocity wings. At cloud-scales, our sample shows a linewidth-size relation σ_v=1.5*R^{0.3\pm0.1} with a large scatter. The mass-size relation in the sample of clouds is M_{CO}= 794*R^{1.5\pm0.5}. The relations are also present for the apertures at kpc-scales. A suggestive dependency on galactic environment is seen, with apertures closer to the Galactic centre and the Sagittarius spiral arm having slightly higher velocity dispersions. We explore the possible effect of a diffuse component in the survey area, and find that such a component would widen the CO spectra and could flatten the linewidth-size relation. Understanding the nature of the possible diffuse CO component and its effects on observations is crucial for connecting Galactic and extragalactic data.
description: 8 pages, 10 figures, accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysics
The binary system of the spinning-top Be star Achernar
Creators: name: Kervella, P.
name: Borgniet, S.
name: de Souza, A. Domiciano
name: Mérand, A.
name: Gallenne, A.
name: Rivinius, Th.
name: Lacour, S.
name: Carciofi, A.
name: Faes, D. Moser
name: Bouquin, J. -B. Le
name: Taormina, M.
name: Pilecki, B.
name: Berger, J. -Ph.
name: Bendjoya, Ph.
name: Klement, R.
name: Millour, F.
name: Janot-Pacheco, E.
name: Spang, A.
name: Vakili, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Achernar, the closest and brightest classical Be star, presents rotational flattening, gravity darkening, occasional emission lines due to a gaseous disk, and an extended polar wind. It is also a member of a close binary system with an early A-type dwarf companion. We aim to determine the orbital parameters of the Achernar system and to estimate the physical properties of the components. We monitored the relative position of Achernar B using a broad range of high angular resolution instruments of the VLT/VLTI (VISIR, NACO, SPHERE, AMBER, PIONIER, GRAVITY, and MATISSE) over a period of 13 years (2006-2019). These astrometric observations are complemented with a series of more than 700 optical spectra for the period from 2003 to 2016. We determine that Achernar B orbits the Be star on a seven-year period, eccentric orbit (e = 0.7255 +/- 0.0014) which brings the two stars within 2 au at periastron. The mass of the Be star is found to be mA = 6.0 +/- 0.6 Msun for a secondary mass of mB = 2.0 +/- 0.1 Msun. We find a good agreement of the parameters of Achernar A with the evolutionary model of a critically rotating star of 6.4 Msun at an age of 63 million years. We also identify a resolved comoving low-mass star, which leads us to propose that Achernar is a member of the Tucana-Horologium moving group. Achernar A is presently in a short-lived phase of its evolution following the turn-off, during which its geometrical flattening ratio is the most extreme. Considering the orbital parameters, no significant interaction occurred between the two components, demonstrating that Be stars may form through a direct, single-star evolution path without mass transfer. Since component A will enter the instability strip in a few hundred thousand years, Achernar appears to be a promising progenitor of the Cepheid binary systems.
description: 27 pages, Astronomy & Astrophysics, in press. The full set of continuum normalized high resolution spectra of Achernar is available at https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6977303
Between security and convenience: Facial recognition technology in the eyes of citizens in China, Germany, the United Kingdom, and the United States
Creators: name: Kostka, Genia
name: Steinacker, Lea
name: Meckel, Miriam
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: acceptance
subject: facial recognition technology
subject: privacy
subject: public opinion
subject: security
subject: 300 Sozialwissenschaften::320 Politikwissenschaft::320 Politikwissenschaft

description: How does the public perceive facial recognition technology and how much do they accept facial recognition technology in different political contexts? Based on online surveys resembling the Internet-connected population in China, Germany, the United Kingdom, and the United States, our study finds that facial recognition technology enjoys generally highest acceptance among respondents in China, while acceptance is lowest in Germany, and the United Kingdom and the United States are in between. A closer examination through the lens of an integrated technology acceptance model reveals interesting variations in the selected four countries based, among other factors, on socio-demographic factors as well as perceived consequences, usefulness, and reliability of facial recognition technology. While previous research has pointed out that facial recognition technology is an instrument for state surveillance and control, this study shows that surveillance and control are not foremost on the minds of citizens in China, Germany, the United Kingdom, and the United States, but rather notions of convenience and improved security.
Random matrix ensembles with column/row constraints: part I
Creators: name: Shukla, Pragya
name: Sadhukhan, Suchetana
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze statistical properties of the complex system with conditions which manifests through specific constraints on the column/row sum of the matrix elements. The presence of additional constraints besides symmetry leads to new correlations among eigenfunctions, hinders their complete delocalization and affects the eigenvalues too. Our results reveal a rich behavior hidden beneath the spectral statistics and also indicate the presence of a new universality class analogous to that of a Brownian ensemble appearing between Poisson and Gaussian orthogonal ensemble.
description: The old version is now divided into parts with numerical results given in Random matrix ensembles with column/row constraints: part II, submitted as a new arXiv
Recent results from DEAP-3600
Creators: name: Lai, Michela
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: DEAP-3600 is the largest running dark matter detector filled with liquid argon, set at SNOLAB, in Sudbury, Canada, 2 km underground. The experiment holds the most stringent exclusion limit in argon for WIMPs above 20 GeV/c$^2$. In the most recent published analysis, the background events due to alpha-induced scintillation in the neck of the detector limited the sensitivity. The sensitivity of the detector in the next WIMP search will be improved thanks to the decrease in backgrounds achieved by hardware upgrades and applying multivariate analyses. Moreover, the WIMP analysis has been revisited in terms of a non-relativistic effective field theory framework, and the impact of possible substructures in the galactic dark matter halo was explored. This analysis was motivated by the latest results from Gaia and the Sloan Sky Digital Survey. Here DEAP-3600 set the world's best exclusion limit for xenon-phobic dark matter scenarios. Finally, a custom-developed analysis has recently pointed out the extraordinary sensitivity to ultra-heavy, multi-scattering dark matter candidates, resulting in world-leading exclusion limits on two composite dark matter candidates up to Planck scale masses. These proceedings, after a quick overview of the dark matter detection in DEAP-3600, outline the detector upgrades and the dark matter search results from the collaboration of the last three years.
Contact Modes and Participation in App-Based Smartphone Surveys: Evidence From a Large-Scale Experiment
Creators: name: Lawes, Mario
name: Hetschko, Clemens
name: Sakshaug, Joseph W.
name: Griessemer, Stephan
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: app-based research
subject: survey participation
subject: contact modes
subject: experience sampling method (ESM)
subject: panel stability
subject: 300 Sozialwissenschaften::370 Bildung und Erziehung::370 Bildung und Erziehung

description: Smartphone apps are increasingly being used for population-based survey research. Recruiting people to sign up for an app-based survey is, however, less straightforward compared to traditional surveys, which risks inflating nonresponse as well as the potential for nonresponse bias. By means of an experiment with over 44,000 recently registered job seekers, we present causal evidence on the effects of using different contact modes (email, postal letter, or preannouncement letter and email) on participation rates in an app-based panel survey. Further, using detailed administrative register data, we investigate whether contact modes differentially affect nonresponse bias. We also examine whether the mode of making contact has a lasting effect on panel participation rates and participation rates in momentary assessments collected using the experience sampling method (ESM). Overall, the preannouncement letter and email invitation strategy maximizes participation compared to stand-alone letters and emails, which do not differ significantly in terms of participation rates. Stand-alone letters and the preannouncement approach perform better than emails when it comes to panel participation and submitted ESM episodes.
Asymptotic Stability of high-dimensional Zakharov-Kuznetsov solitons
Creators: name: Côte, Raphaël
name: Muñoz, Claudio
name: Pilod, Didier
name: Simpson, Gideon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We prove that solitons (or solitary waves) of the Zakharov-Kuznetsov (ZK) equation, a physically relevant high dimensional generalization of the Korteweg-de Vries (KdV) equation appearing in Plasma Physics, and having mixed KdV and nonlinear Schrödinger (NLS) dynamics, are strongly asymptotically stable in the energy space in the physical region. We also prove that the sum of well-arranged solitons is stable in the same space. Orbital stability of ZK solitons is well-known since the work of de Bouard. Our proofs follow the ideas by Martel and Martel and Merle, applied for generalized KdV equations in one dimension. In particular, we extend to the high dimensional case several monotonicity properties for suitable half-portions of mass and energy; we also prove a new Liouville type property that characterizes ZK solitons, and a key Virial identity for the linear and nonlinear part of the ZK dynamics, obtained independently of the mixed KdV-NLS dynamics. This last Virial identity relies on a simple sign condition, which is numerically tested for the two and three dimensional cases, with no additional spectral assumptions required. Possible extensions to higher dimensions and different nonlinearities could be obtained after a suitable local well-posedness theory in the energy space, and the verification of a corresponding sign condition.
description: 61 pages, 10 figures, accepted version including referee comments
Embodiments and frictions of statehood in transnational criminal justice
Creators: name: Stambol, Eva Magdalena
name: Solhjell, Randi
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: cybercrime
subject: gender-based violence
subject: Global South
subject: Liberia
subject: Mali
subject: performativity
subject: statehood
subject: transnational criminal justice
subject: 300 Sozialwissenschaften::320 Politikwissenschaft::320 Politikwissenschaft

description: Outside of criminology, dominant conceptions of postcolonial statehood in the Global South as ‘fragile’ or ‘failed’ have long been criticized. In criminology, however, the theoretical outcomes of this critique have been scarce. In this article we therefore ask how ideals and practices of transnational criminal justice are informed by and productive of specific (Global North) conceptions of statehood. Exploring encounters between transnational and local criminal justice in the context of international state-building in Mali and Liberia, we observe frictions in which statehood divergences and global hierarchies become apparent. Through penal aid, we argue, a particular kind of penal statehood is produced wherein the options of how to perform penality are increasingly limited by the embeddedness in global power asymmetries.
Implications from the velocity profile of the M87 jet: a possibility of a slowly rotating black hole magnetosphere
Creators: name: Kino, Motoki
name: Takahashi, Masaaki
name: Kawashima, Tomohisa
name: Park, Jongho
name: Hada, Kazuhiro
name: Ro, Hyunwook
name: Cui, Yuzhu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Motivated by the measured velocity profile of the M87 jet using the KVN and VERA Array (KaVA) by Park et al. indicating that the starting position of the jet acceleration is farther from the central engine of the jet than predicted in general relativistic magnetohydrodynamic simulations, we explore how to mitigate the apparent discrepancy between the simulations and the KaVA observation. We use a semi-analytic jet model proposed by Tomimatsu and Takahashi. consistently solving the trans-magnetic field structure but neglecting any dissipation effects. By comparing the jet model with the observed M87 jet velocity profile, we find that the model can reproduce the logarithmic feature of the velocity profile, and can fit the observed data when choosing $c/(100r_{g}) \lesssim Ω_{F} \lesssim c/(70r_{g})$ where $r_{g}$ is the gravitational radius. While a total specific energy (${\cal E}$) of the jet changes the terminal bulk Lorentz factor of the jet, a slower angular velocity of the black hole magnetosphere (funnel region) ($Ω_{F}$) makes a light-cylinder radius ($r_{\rm lc}$) larger and it consequently pushes out a location of a starting point of the jet acceleration. Using the estimated $Ω_{F}$ we further estimate the magnetic field strength on the event horizon scale in M87 by assuming Blandford-Znajek (BZ) process is in action. The corresponding magnetic flux threading the event horizon of M87 is in good agreement with a magnetically arrested disc (MAD) regime.
description: 27 pages, 10 figures; accepted for publication in ApJ
Enhancing Classification with Hierarchical Scalable Query on Fusion Transformer
Creators: name: Sahoo, Sudeep Kumar
name: Chalasani, Sathish
name: Joshi, Abhishek
name: Iyer, Kiran Nanjunda
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: I.2.10; I.4.8; I.5.1

description: Real-world vision based applications require fine-grained classification for various area of interest like e-commerce, mobile applications, warehouse management, etc. where reducing the severity of mistakes and improving the classification accuracy is of utmost importance. This paper proposes a method to boost fine-grained classification through a hierarchical approach via learnable independent query embeddings. This is achieved through a classification network that uses coarse class predictions to improve the fine class accuracy in a stage-wise sequential manner. We exploit the idea of hierarchy to learn query embeddings that are scalable across all levels, thus making this a relevant approach even for extreme classification where we have a large number of classes. The query is initialized with a weighted Eigen image calculated from training samples to best represent and capture the variance of the object. We introduce transformer blocks to fuse intermediate layers at which query attention happens to enhance the spatial representation of feature maps at different scales. This multi-scale fusion helps improve the accuracy of small-size objects. We propose a two-fold approach for the unique representation of learnable queries. First, at each hierarchical level, we leverage cluster based loss that ensures maximum separation between inter-class query embeddings and helps learn a better (query) representation in higher dimensional spaces. Second, we fuse coarse level queries with finer level queries weighted by a learned scale factor. We additionally introduce a novel block called Cross Attention on Multi-level queries with Prior (CAMP) Block that helps reduce error propagation from coarse level to finer level, which is a common problem in all hierarchical classifiers. Our method is able to outperform the existing methods with an improvement of ~11% at the fine-grained classification.
description: 6 pages, 7 figures Published in IEEE ICCE 2023
General invariance and equilibrium conditions for lattice dynamics in 1D, 2D, and 3D materials
Creators: name: Lin, Changpeng
name: Poncé, Samuel
name: Marzari, Nicola
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The long-wavelength behavior of vibrational modes plays a central role in carrier transport, phonon-assisted optical properties, superconductivity, and thermomechanical and thermoelectric properties of materials. Here, we present general invariance and equilibrium conditions of the lattice potential; these allow to recover the quadratic dispersions of flexural phonons in low-dimensional materials, in agreement with the phenomenological model for long-wavelength bending modes. We also prove that for any low-dimensional material the bending modes can have a purely out-of-plane polarization in the vacuum direction and a quadratic dispersion in the long-wavelength limit. In addition, we propose an effective approach to treat invariance conditions in crystals with non-vanishing Born effective charges where the long-range dipole-dipole interactions induce a contribution to the lattice potential and stress tensor. Our approach is successfully applied to the phonon dispersions of 158 two-dimensional materials, highlighting its critical relevance in the study of phonon-mediated properties of low-dimensional materials.
description: 14 pages, 7 figures for main text, 52 pages with supplementary information
Galaxy number counts to second order and their bispectrum
Creators: name: Di Dio, Enea
name: Durrer, Ruth
name: Marozzi, Giovanni
name: Montanari, Francesco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We determine the number counts to second order in cosmological perturbation theory in the Poisson gauge and allowing for anisotropic stress. The calculation is performed using an innovative approach based on the recently proposed "geodesic light-cone" gauge. This allows us to determine the number counts in a purely geometric way, without using Einstein's equation. The result is valid for general dark energy models and (most) modified gravity models. We then evaluate numerically the relevant contributions to the number counts bispectrum. In particular we consider the terms involving the density, redshift space distortion and lensing.
description: 38 pages, 4 figures. Version published in JCAP including an erratum accepted for publication which corrects some errors in the final form of the equations
Societal transformation: Eastern European experience and conceptualization
Creators: name: Genov, Nikolai
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Eastern Europe
subject: social interaction
subject: theory of transition
subject: theory of societal transformation
subject: global trends
subject: 300 Sozialwissenschaften::300 Sozialwissenschaften, Soziologie::301 Soziologie, Anthropologie

description: The paper contains analyses of attempts at explaining the profound changes in Eastern Europe after 1989. The analyses are guided by the conceptual framework of social interaction. It covers the micro, meso and macro level of the social organization. The first target is the theory of transition. The diagnosis reveals some constructive features of the theory together with its difficulties to get operationalized and effectively used in explanations. The major deficit of the theory is the absence of a concept of society. Based on the concept of social interaction the conceptual framework of societal transformation efficiently functions as a heuristic tool and as an organizer of knowledge. Is the societal transformations conceptual framework sufficient for a full-fledged explanation of the reform processes in Eastern Europe? The search for an answer leads to increasing relevance of the region’s involvement in the globalization. The conclusion is that the impact of global trends should be integrated in the explanatory procedures of the continuing transformation of Eastern European societies.
Replication package: Refactoring Practices in the Context of Data-intensive Systems
Creators: name: Muse, Biruk Asmare
name: Khomh, Foutse
name: Antoniol, Giuliano
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: data-intensive systems
data access classes
database access
empirical study

description: Replication Package for the paper "Refactoring Practices in the Context of Data-intensive Systems".
Novel construction and the monodromy relation for three-point functions at weak coupling
Creators: name: Kazama, Yoichi
name: Komatsu, Shota
name: Nishimura, Takuya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this article, we shall develop and formulate two novel viewpoints and properties concerning the three-point functions at weak coupling in the SU(2) sector of the N = 4 super Yang-Mills theory. One is a double spin-chain formulation of the spin-chain and the associated new interpretation of the operation of Wick contraction. It will be regarded as a skew symmetric pairing which acts as a projection onto a singlet in the entire SO(4) sector, instead of an inner product in the spin-chain Hilbert space. This formalism allows us to study a class of three-point functions of operators built upon more general spin-chain vacua than the special configuration discussed so far in the literature. Furthermore, this new viewpoint has the signicant advantage over the conventional method: In the usual "tailoring" operation, the Wick contraction produces inner products between off-shell Bethe states, which cannot be in general converted into simple expressions. In contrast, our procedure directly produces the so-called partial domain wall partition functions, which can be expressed as determinants. Using this property, we derive simple determinantal representation for a broader class of three-point functions. The second new property uncovered in this work is the non-trivial identity satisfied by the three-point functions with monodromy operators inserted. Generically this relation connects three-point functions of different operators and can be regarded as a kind of Schwinger-Dyson equation. In particular, this identity reduces in the semiclassical limit to the triviality of the product of local monodromies around the vertex operators, which played a crucial role in providing all important global information on the three-point function in the strong coupling regime. This structure may provide a key to the understanding of the notion of "integrability" beyond the spectral level.
description: 35 pages;v2 Minor corrections made. An appendix and references added;v3 Typos corrected