cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Context-sensitive design in transportation infrastructure: relating tire/pavement noise with wearing course characteristics
Creators: name: Irali, Federico <1983>
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2014
Subjects: ICAR/04 Strade, ferrovie ed aeroporti

description: A design can be defined as context-sensitive when it achieves effective technical and functional transportation solutions, while preserving and enhancing natural environments and minimizing impacts on local communities.
Traffic noise is one of the most critical environmental impacts of transportation infrastructure and it affects both humans and ecosystems.
Tire/pavement noise is caused by a set of interactions at the contact patch and it is the predominant source of road noise at the regular traffic speeds.
Wearing course characteristics affect tire/pavement noise through various mechanisms. Furthermore, acoustic performance of road pavements varies over time and it is influenced by both aging and temperature.
Three experimentations have been carried out to evaluate wearing course characteristics effects on tire/pavement noise. The first study involves the evaluation of skid resistance, surface texture and tire/pavement noise of an innovative application of multipurpose cold-laid microsurfacing. The second one involves the evaluation of the surface and acoustic characteristics of the different pavement sections of the test track of the Centre for Pavement and Transportation Technology (CPATT) at the University of Waterloo. In the third study, a set of highway sections have been selected in Southern Ontario with various types of pavements. Noise measurements were carried out by means of the Statistical Pass-by (SPB) method in the first case study, whereas in the second and in the third one, Close-proximity (CPX) and the On-Board Sound Intensity (OBSI) methods have been performed in parallel.
Test results have contributed to understand the effects of pavement materials, temperature and aging on tire/pavement noise. Negligible correlation was found between surface texture and roughness with noise. As a general trend, aged and stiffer materials have shown to provide higher noise levels than newer and less stiff ones. Noise levels were also observed to be higher with temperature increase.
Rational Symplectic Field Theory for Legendrian knots
Creators: name: Ng, Lenhard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Symplectic Geometry (math.SG)
subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 57R17, 53D12, 53D40, 57M25, 55P35

description: We construct a combinatorial invariant of Legendrian knots in standard contact three-space. This invariant, which encodes rational relative Symplectic Field Theory and extends contact homology, counts holomorphic disks with an arbitrary number of positive punctures. The construction uses ideas from string topology.
description: 58 pages, many figures; v3: minor corrections; final version, to appear in Inventiones Mathematicae
Graphene-Based Electrodes in a Vanadium Redox Flow Battery Produced by Rapid Low-Pressure Combined Gas Plasma Treatments
Creators: name: Bellani, Sebastiano
name: Najafi, Leyla
name: Prato, Mirko
name: Oropesa-Nunez, Reinier
name: Martin-Garcia, Beatriz
name: Gagliani, Luca
name: Mantero, Elisa
name: Marasco, Luigi
name: Bianca, Gabriele
name: Zappia, Marilena I.
name: Demirci, Cansunur
name: Olivotto, Silvia
name: Mariucci, Giacomo
name: Pellegrini, Vittorio
name: Schiavetti, Massimo
name: Bonaccorso, Francesco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The development of high-power density vanadium redox flow batteries (VRFBs) with high energy efficiencies (EEs) is crucial for the widespread dissemination of this energy storage technology. In this work, we report the production of novel hierarchical carbonaceous nanomaterials for VRFB electrodes with high catalytic activity toward the vanadium redox reactions (VO2+/VO2+ and V2+/V3+). The electrode materials are produced through a rapid (minute timescale) low-pressure combined gas plasma treatment of graphite felts (GFs) in an inductively coupled radio frequency reactor. By systematically studying the effects of either pure gases (O2 and N2) or their combination at different gas plasma pressures, the electrodes are optimized to reduce their kinetic polarization for the VRFB redox reactions. To further enhance the catalytic surface area of the electrodes, single-/few-layer graphene, produced by highly scalable wet-jet milling exfoliation of graphite, is incorporated into the GFs through an infiltration method in the presence of a polymeric binder. Depending on the thickness of the proton-exchange membrane (Nafion 115 or Nafion XL), our optimized VRFB configurations can efficiently operate within a wide range of charge/discharge current densities, exhibiting energy efficiencies up to 93.9%, 90.8%, 88.3%, 85.6%, 77.6%, and 69.5% at 25, 50, 75, 100, 200, and 300 mA cm-2, respectively. Our technology is cost-competitive when compared to commercial ones (additional electrode costs < 100 euro m-2) and shows EEs rivalling the record-high values reported for efficient systems to date. Our work remarks on the importance to study modified plasma conditions or plasma methods alternative to those reported previously (e.g., atmospheric plasmas) to improve further the electrode performances of the current VRFB systems.
Light curve fingerprints: an automated approach to the extraction of X-ray variability patterns with feature aggregation -- an example application to GRS 1915+105
Creators: name: Orwat-Kapola, Jakub K.
name: Bird, Antony J.
name: Hill, Adam B.
name: Altamirano, Diego
name: Huppenkothen, Daniela
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Time series data mining is an important field of research in the era of "Big Data". Next generation astronomical surveys will generate data at unprecedented rates, creating the need for automated methods of data analysis. We propose a method of light curve characterisation that employs a pipeline consisting of a neural network with a Long-Short Term Memory Variational Autoencoder architecture and a Gaussian mixture model. The pipeline performs extraction and aggregation of features from light curve segments into feature vectors of fixed length which we refer to as light curve "fingerprints". This representation can be readily used as input of down-stream machine learning algorithms. We demonstrate the proposed method on a data set of Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer observations of the galactic black hole X-ray binary GRS 1915+105, which was chosen because of its observed complex X-ray variability. We find that the proposed method can generate a representation that characterises the observations and reflects the presence of distinct classes of GRS 1915+105 X-ray flux variability. We find that this representation can be used to perform efficient classification of light curves. We also present how the representation can be used to quantify the similarity of different light curves, highlighting the problem of the popular classification system of GRS 1915+105 observations, which does not account for intermediate class behaviour.
Efficient Speech Emotion Recognition Using Multi-Scale CNN and Attention
Creators: name: Peng, Zixuan
name: Lu, Yu
name: Pan, Shengfeng
name: Liu, Yunfeng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Sound (cs.SD)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Audio and Speech Processing (eess.AS)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Emotion recognition from speech is a challenging task. Re-cent advances in deep learning have led bi-directional recur-rent neural network (Bi-RNN) and attention mechanism as astandard method for speech emotion recognition, extractingand attending multi-modal features - audio and text, and thenfusing them for downstream emotion classification tasks. Inthis paper, we propose a simple yet efficient neural networkarchitecture to exploit both acoustic and lexical informationfrom speech. The proposed framework using multi-scale con-volutional layers (MSCNN) to obtain both audio and text hid-den representations. Then, a statistical pooling unit (SPU)is used to further extract the features in each modality. Be-sides, an attention module can be built on top of the MSCNN-SPU (audio) and MSCNN (text) to further improve the perfor-mance. Extensive experiments show that the proposed modeloutperforms previous state-of-the-art methods on IEMOCAPdataset with four emotion categories (i.e., angry, happy, sadand neutral) in both weighted accuracy (WA) and unweightedaccuracy (UA), with an improvement of 5.0% and 5.2% respectively under the ASR setting.
description: First two authors contributed equally.Accepted by ICASSP 2021
On Modified Dispersion Relations and the Chandrasekhar Mass Limit
Creators: name: Gregg, Michael
name: Major, Seth A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Modified dispersion relations from effective field theory are shown to alter the Chandrasekhar mass limit. At exceptionally high densities, the modifications affect the pressure of a degenerate electron gas and can increase or decrease the mass limit, depending on the sign of the modifications. These changes to the mass limit are unlikely to be relevant for the astrophysics of white dwarf or neutron stars due to well-known dynamical instabilities that occur at lower densities. Generalizations to frameworks other than effective field theory are discussed.
description: 14 pages, 2 figures; v2: version accepted for publication, minor changes; v3: note added correcting comments on the applicability of the calculation to the DSR context, references added, results unchanged
From hidden-order to antiferromagnetism: electronic structure changes in Fe-doped URu$_{2}$Si$_{2}$
Creators: name: Frantzeskakis, Emmanouil
name: Dai, Ji
name: Bareille, Cédric
name: Rödel, Tobias C.
name: Güttler, Monika
name: Ran, Sheng
name: Kanchanavatee, Noravee
name: Huang, Kevin
name: Pouse, Naveen
name: Wolowiec, Christian T.
name: Rienks, Emile D. L.
name: Lejay, Pascal
name: Fortuna, Franck
name: Maple, M. Brian
name: Santander-Syro, Andrés F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In matter, any spontaneous symmetry breaking induces a phase transition characterized by an order parameter, such as the magnetization vector in ferromagnets, or a macroscopic many-electron wave-function in superconductors. Phase transitions with unknown order parameter are rare but extremely appealing, as they may lead to novel physics. An emblematic, and still unsolved, example is the transition of the heavy fermion compound URu$_2$Si$_2$ (URS) into the so-called hidden-order (HO) phase when the temperature drops below $T_0 = 17.5$K. Here we show that the interaction between the heavy fermion and the conduction band states near the Fermi level has a key role in the emergence of the HO phase. Using angle resolved photoemission spectroscopy, we find that while the Fermi surfaces of the HO and of a neighboring antiferromagnetic (AFM) phase of well-defined order parameter have the same topography, they differ in the size of some, but not all, of their electron pockets. Such a non-rigid change of the electronic structure indicates that a change in the interaction strength between states near the Fermi level is a crucial ingredient for the HO-to-AFM phase transition.
description: 23 pages, 14 figures, 1 ancillary movie
Ram-pressure stripped molecular gas in the Virgo spiral galaxy NGC 4522
Creators: name: Vollmer, B.
name: Braine, J.
name: Pappalardo, C.
name: Hily-Blant, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: IRAM 30m 12CO(1-0) and 12CO(2-1) HERA observations are presented for the ram-pressure stripped Virgo spiral galaxy NGC 4522. The CO emission is detected in the galactic disk and the extraplanar gas. The extraplanar CO emission follows the morphology of the atomic gas closely but is less extended. The CO maxima do not appear to correspond to regions where there is peak massive star formation as probed by Halpha emission. The presence of molecular gas is a necessary but not sufficient condition for star formation. Compared to the disk gas, the molecular fraction of the extraplanar gas is 30% lower and the star formation efficiency of the extraplanar gas is about 3 times lower. The comparison with an existing dynamical model extended by a recipe for distinguishing between atomic and molecular gas shows that a significant part of the gas is stripped in the form of overdense arm-like structures. It is argued that the molecular fraction depends on the square root of the total large-scale density. Based on the combination of the CO/Halpha and an analytical model, the total gas density is estimated to be about 4 times lower than that of the galactic disk. Molecules and stars form within this dense gas according to the same laws as in the galactic disk, i.e. they mainly depend on the total large-scale gas density. Star formation proceeds where the local large-scale gas density is highest. Given the complex 3D morphology this does not correspond to the peaks in the surface density. In the absence of a confining gravitational potential, the stripped gas arms will most probably disperse; i.e. the density of the gas will decrease and star formation will cease.
description: 11 pages, 15 figures, A&A accepted for publication
Additional file 1 of Identifying SETBP1 haploinsufficiency molecular pathways to improve patient diagnosis using induced pluripotent stem cells and neural disease modelling
Creators: name: Shaw, Nicole C.
name: Chen, Kevin
name: Farley, Kathryn O.
name: Hedges, Mitchell
name: Forbes, Catherine
name: Baynam, Gareth
name: Lassmann, Timo
name: Fear, Vanessa S.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1
Rezension: Das Lager von Bild zu Bild. Narrative Bildserien von Häftlingen aus NS-Zwangslagern
Creators: name: Burger, Bianca
Publisher: name: Medienimpulse
Year: 2018

description: Medienimpulse, Bd. 56 Nr. 1 (2018): 1/2018 - Educational Data Mining und Learning Analytics
Classical Double Copy of Worldline Quantum Field Theory
Creators: name: Shi, Canxin
name: Plefka, Jan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The recently developed worldline quantum field theory (WQFT) formalism for the classical gravitational scattering of massive bodies is extended to massive, charged point particles coupling to bi-adjoint scalar field theory, Yang-Mills theory, and dilaton-gravity. We establish a classical double copy relation in these WQFTs for classical observables (deflection, radiation). The bi-adjoint scalar field theory fixes the locality structure of the double copy from Yang-Mills to dilaton-gravity. Using this the eikonal scattering phase (or free energy of the WQFT) is computed to next-to-leading order (NLO) in coupling constants using the double copy as well as directly finding full agreement. We clarify the relation of our approach to previous studies in the effective field theory formalism. Finally, the equivalence of the WQFT double copy to the double copy relation of the classical limit of quantum scattering amplitudes is shown explicitly up to NLO.
description: 11 pages
Expository Remarks on Three-Dimensional Gravity and Hyperbolic Invariants
Creators: name: Bytsenko, A. A.
name: Guimaraes, M. E. X.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider complex invariants associated with compact real three-dimensional hyperbolic spaces. The contribution of the Chern-Simons invariants of irreducible U(n)-flat connections on hyperbolic fibered manifolds to the low order expansion of the quantum gravitational path integral is analyzed.
description: 6 pages. To appear in the Class. Quantum Grav. (2008)
Cheap and Good? Simple and Effective Data Augmentation for Low Resource Machine Reading
Creators: name: Van, Hoang
name: Yadav, Vikas
name: Surdeanu, Mihai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We propose a simple and effective strategy for data augmentation for low-resource machine reading comprehension (MRC). Our approach first pretrains the answer extraction components of a MRC system on the augmented data that contains approximate context of the correct answers, before training it on the exact answer spans. The approximate context helps the QA method components in narrowing the location of the answers. We demonstrate that our simple strategy substantially improves both document retrieval and answer extraction performance by providing larger context of the answers and additional training data. In particular, our method significantly improves the performance of BERT based retriever (15.12\%), and answer extractor (4.33\% F1) on TechQA, a complex, low-resource MRC task. Further, our data augmentation strategy yields significant improvements of up to 3.9\% exact match (EM) and 2.7\% F1 for answer extraction on PolicyQA, another practical but moderate sized QA dataset that also contains long answer spans.
description: 5 pages, 1 figure, SIGIR 2021
Supergravities without an Action: Gauging the Trombone
Creators: name: Diffon, Arnaud Le
name: Samtleben, Henning
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a systematic account of supergravity theories in which the global scaling symmetry is gauged. This generalizes the standard gaugings of non-abelian off-shell symmetries. A particular feature of these theories is an additional positive contribution to the effective cosmological constant. As the scaling symmetry is an on-shell symmetry, the resulting gaugings do no longer possess an action. We develop the algebraic framework for the maximal theories in various dimensions and construct explicit solutions to the algebraic consistency constraints - related to `pure-spinor-like' structures for the exceptional groups. As an example, we explicitly work out the modified supersymmetry transformation rules and equations of motion in three dimensions. Finally, we speculate about the role of these theories from the perspective of very extended Kac-Moody algebras.
description: 40 pages; v2: refs added, minor corrections, version to be published in NPB
On the geometry of classically integrable two-dimensional non-linear sigma models
Creators: name: Mohammedi, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A master equation expressing the classical integrability of two-dimensional non-linear sigma models is found. The geometrical properties of this equation are outlined. In particular, a closer connection between integrability and T-duality transformations is emphasised. Finally, a whole new class of integrable non-linear sigma models is found and all their corresponding Lax pairs depend on a spectral parameter.
description: 16 pages. Major changes (almost a new paper). To be published in Nuclear Physics B (2010)
Perturbation-based Distributed Beamforming for Wireless Relay Networks
Creators: name: Fertl, Peter
name: Hottinen, Ari
name: Matz, Gerald
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper deals with distributed beamforming techniques for wireless networks with half-duplex amplify-and-forward relays. Existing schemes optimize the beamforming weights based on the assumption that channel state information (CSI) is available at the relays. We propose to use adaptive beamforming based on deterministic perturbations and limited feedback (1-bit) from the destination to the relays in order to avoid CSI at the relays. Two scalable perturbation schemes are considered and practical implementation aspects are addressed. Simulation results confirm that the proposed techniques closely approach optimum performance and have satisfactory tracking properties in time-varying environments.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures; accepted at IEEE GLOBECOM 2008, New Orleans, LA, Nov 30 - Dec 4, 2008
title: Val G. Hemming, MD, Col USAF, MC (Ret.) Oral History Interview Transcript Part 1
Creators: name: Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences
Publisher: name: University Archives, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland 20814
Year: 2014
Subjects: classificationCode: 3
subject: FOS: Medical and health sciences
classificationCode: 6.1
subject: FOS: History and archaeology

description: USU Oral History Interview Transcript
Val G. Hemming, MD, Col USAF, MC (Ret.)
Chair, Department of Pediatrics
Dean, F. Edward Hebert School of Medicine
Executive Vice President, USU
04-23-2014
Interviewed by Megan Sunday
title: Front Matter, Table of Contents, Preface, Conference Organization
Creators: name: Braverman, Mark
Publisher: name: Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Front Matter
subject: Table of Contents
subject: Preface
subject: Conference Organization
subject: Mathematics of computing
subject: Theory of computation

description: Front Matter, Table of Contents, Preface, Conference Organization
description: LIPIcs, Vol. 215, 13th Innovations in Theoretical Computer Science Conference (ITCS 2022), pages 0:i-0:xxiv
Power reductivity over an arbitrary base
Creators: name: Franjou, Vincent
name: Van Der Kallen, Wilberd
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 20G35, 20G05, 20G10, 13A50, 14L24

description: Our starting point is Mumford's conjecture, on representations of Chevalley groups over fields, as it is phrased in the preface of "Geometric Invariant Theory". After extending the conjecture appropriately, we show that it holds over an arbitrary commutative base ring. We thus obtain the first fundamental theorem of invariant theory (often referred to as Hilbert's fourteenth problem) over an arbitrary Noetherian ring. We also prove results on the Grosshans graded deformation of an algebra in the same generality. We end with tentative finiteness results for rational cohomology over the integers.
description: 24 p; Some finiteness results added for rational cohomology over the integers
Additional file 3 of Identifying SETBP1 haploinsufficiency molecular pathways to improve patient diagnosis using induced pluripotent stem cells and neural disease modelling
Creators: name: Shaw, Nicole C.
name: Chen, Kevin
name: Farley, Kathryn O.
name: Hedges, Mitchell
name: Forbes, Catherine
name: Baynam, Gareth
name: Lassmann, Timo
name: Fear, Vanessa S.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 3
Thermal detector model for cryogenic composite detectors for the dark matter experiments CRESST and EURECA
Creators: name: Roth, S.
name: Ciemniak, C.
name: Coppi, C.
name: Feilitzsch, F. v.
name: Guetlein, A.
name: Isaila, C.
name: Lanfranchi, J. -C.
name: Pfister, S.
name: Potzel, W.
name: Westphal, W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The CRESST (Cryogenic Rare Event Search with Superconducting Thermometers) and the EURECA (European Underground Rare Event Calorimeter Array) experiments are direct dark matter search experiments where cryogenic detectors are used to detect spin-independent, coherent WIMP (Weakly Interacting Massive Particle)-nucleon scattering events by means of the recoil energy. The cryogenic detectors use a massive single crystal as absorber which is equipped with a TES (transition edge sensor) for signal read-out. They are operated at mK-temperatures. In order to enable a mass production of these detectors, as needed for the EURECA experiment, a so-called composite detector design (CDD) that allows decoupling of the TES fabrication from the optimization procedure of the absorber single-crystal was developed and studied. To further investigate, understand and optimize the performance of composite detectors a detailed thermal detector model which takes into account the CDD has been developed.
description: To appear in Journal of Physics: Conference Series; Proceedings of Neutrino 2008, Christchurch, New Zealand
A simple proof of the recent generalisations of Hawking's black hole topology theorem
Creators: name: Rácz, István
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: A key result in four dimensional black hole physics, since the early 1970s, is Hawking's topology theorem asserting that the cross-sections of an "apparent horizon", separating the black hole region from the rest of the spacetime, are topologically two-spheres. Later, during the 1990s, by applying a variant of Hawking's argument, Gibbons and Woolgar could also show the existence of a genus dependent lower bound for the entropy of topological black holes with negative cosmological constant. Recently Hawking's black hole topology theorem, along with the results of Gibbons and Woolgar, has been generalised to the case of black holes in higher dimensions. Our aim here is to give a simple self-contained proof of these generalisations which also makes their range of applicability transparent.
description: 12 pages, 1 figure
Editorial 1/2019: Medien und frühe Bildung
Creators: name: Barberi, Alessandro
name: Berger, Christian
name: Hug, Theo
name: Monsorno, Martina
name: Swertz, Christian
Publisher: name: Medienimpulse
Year: 2019

description: Editorial 1/2019
description: Medienimpulse, Bd. 57 Nr. 1 (2019): 1/2019 - Medien und frühe Bildung
Emergence of classicality in small number entangled systems
Creators: name: Mascarenhas, Eduardo
name: Santos, Marcelo França
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show the transition from a fully quantized interaction to a semiclassical one in entangled small number quantum systems using the quantum trajectories approach. In particular, we simulate the microwave Ramsey zones used in Rydberg atom interferometry, filling in the gap between the strongly entangling Jaynes Cummings evolution and the semiclassical rotation of the atomic internal states. We also correlate the information flowing with leaking photons to the entanglement generation between cavity field and flying atom and detail the roles played by the strong dissipation and the external driving force in preserving atomic coherence through the interaction.
description: 4 pages, 6 figures
Der Einfluss der Computernutzung auf die kognitive und sprachliche Entwicklung von Kindergartenkindern
Creators: name: Aufenanger, Stefan
Publisher: name: Medienimpulse
Year: 2019

description: Die Diskussionen um den Einsatz von Computer bzw. digitalen Medien in Kindertagesstätten ruft oft kritische Diskussionen über dessen Einfluss auf die Entwicklung von Kindern hervor. Bisher gibt es jedoch relativ wenige empirische Studien, die sich dieser Frage angenommen haben. In einer Begleitstudie zum Einsatz von Computern in sechs Kindertagesstätten wurden die kognitiven und kommunikativen Fähigkeiten und Fertigkeiten von Kindern mit dem standardisierten Test K-ABC im Abstand von einem Jahr gemessen. In diesem Zeitrahmen hatten Kinder zeitlich begrenzten Zugang zu Computern und auf Kindern ausgerichteten Anwendungen. Die Ergebnisse zeigen über alle Einrichtungen hinweg positive Effekte der Computernutzung in den beschriebenen Fähigkeitsbereichen, die darauf hindeuten, dass der pädagogisch geleitete Einsatz von Computern keinen negativen Einfluss auf Kinder hat.
description: Medienimpulse, Bd. 57 Nr. 1 (2019): 1/2019 - Medien und frühe Bildung
Characterization of potato leafroll virus
Creators: name: Rowhani, Adib
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Potato leafroll virus (PLRV) was purified from infected potato (Splanum tuberosum L.) by using a mixture of chloroform and butanol for clarification and polyethylene glycol for concentration. The virus sedimented as a single band in a sucrose density gradient. Yield of purified virus varied from 0.4-0.6 mg/kg fresh weight of potato foliage. Virus yield was higher from tissue immediately processed after harvest than from tissue stored at 4 C or -20 C for a day or longer. The A 260/A 280 varied from 1.74-1.82. Antiserum prepared against purified virus had a maximum titre of 1024 in agar gel double diffusion tests. PLRV in unconcentrated potato sap could not be detected by agar gel tests, but could be detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. A pure line of the mild strain of PLRV was isolated, and an antiserum with a maximum titre of 2560 by agar gel tests was produced. PLRV had a sedimentation coefficient of 127 S by linear log sucrose density gradient centrifugation and 117 S by analytical ultracentrifugai-tion. A buoyant density of 1.38-1.39 g/cm³ was obtained from isopycnic centrifugation in cesium chloride and analytical ultracentrifugation in cesium sulphate. The nucleic acid content of PLRV was estimated from the particle densities to be 26-28%.The PLRV nucleic acid had:, a moi wt of 2.0 x 10⁶; was degraded by RNase but not by DNase; reacted with orcinol but not with diphenylamine; and had a broad range of melting temperatures from 35 to 85 C in 1 x SSC buffer with hyper-chromicity of 20-21%. These properties indicated that PLRV nucleic acid is a single-stranded RNA. The sedimentation coefficient of the RNA molecule before and after treatment with formaldehyde was 34.5 S and 20.7 S, respectively. Dissociated coat protein migrated as a single band in polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and the average subunit molwt was 26 300. PLRV should be considered a member of the luteovirus group.
Two-Dimensional Gallium Sulfide Nanoflakes for UV-Selective Photoelectrochemical-type Photodetectors
Creators: name: Zappia, Marilena I.
name: Bianca, Gabriele
name: Bellani, Sebastiano
name: Curreli, Nicola
name: Sofer, Zdeněk
name: Serri, Michele
name: Najafi, Leyla
name: Piccinni, Marco
name: Oropesa-Nuñez, Reinier
name: Marvan, Petr
name: Pellegrini, Vittorio
name: Kriegel, Ilka
name: Prato, Mirko
name: Cupolillo, Anna
name: Bonaccorso, Francesco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Two-dimensional (2D) transition-metal monochalcogenides have been recently predicted to be potential photo(electro)catalysts for water splitting and photoelectrochemical (PEC) reactions. Differently from the most established InSe, GaSe, GeSe, and many other monochalcogenides, bulk GaS has a large band gap of ca. 2.5 eV, which increases up to more than 3.0 eV with decreasing its thickness due to quantum confinement effects. Therefore, 2D GaS fills the void between 2D small-band-gap semiconductors and insulators, resulting of interest for the realization of van der Waals type-I heterojunctions in photocatalysis, as well as the development of UV light-emitting diodes, quantum wells, and other optoelectronic devices. Based on theoretical calculations of the electronic structure of GaS as a function of layer number reported in the literature, we experimentally demonstrate, for the first time, the PEC properties of liquid-phase exfoliated GaS nanoflakes. Our results indicate that solution-processed 2D GaS-based PEC-type photodetectors outperform the corresponding solid-state photodetectors. In fact, the 2D morphology of the GaS flakes intrinsically minimizes the distance between the photogenerated charges and the surface area at which the redox reactions occur, limiting electron-hole recombination losses. The latter are instead deleterious for standard solid-state configurations. Consequently, PEC-type 2D GaS photodetectors display a relevant UV-selective photoresponse. In particular, they attain responsivities of 1.8 mA W-1 in 1 M H2SO4 (at 0.8 V vs reversible hydrogen electrode -RHE-), 4.6 mA W-1 in 1 M Na2SO4 (at 0.9 V vs RHE), and 6.8 mA W-1 in 1 M KOH (at 1.1 V vs RHE) under 275 nm illumination wavelength with an intensity of 1.3 mW cm-2.
Exploring digital media-play as a formative and cultivative practice in a Danish kindergarten setting
Creators: name: Stensman Pugh, Heidi
name: Hornbæk Frostholm, Peter
name: Dubgaard Sørensen, Majbrit
Publisher: name: Medienimpulse
Year: 2019

description: Medienimpulse, Bd. 57 Nr. 1 (2019): 1/2019 - Medien und frühe Bildung
Mathe treiben im Kindergarten: Orientierungspunkte und entwicklungsorientierte Zugänge zum Lehrplan 21
Creators: name: Hess, Kurt
Publisher: name: PH Zug
Year: 2019
Subjects: Lehrplan 21
Kindergarten
Grundschule
Orientierungspunkte
entwicklungsorientierte Zugänge
Kompetenzen
Mathematikunterricht

description: Auszug aus dem Einleitungskapitel:

 „Der Fachbereich Mathematik nimmt im Kindergarten eine besondere Stellung ein, weil er im bisherigen Kindergartenlehrplan eher vage bzw. allgemeingültig aufschien und nun im neuen Lehrplan 21 fachspezifische Vorgaben macht. Zudem haftet ihm eher ein «Dünkel des Schultypischen» an. 

Diese Broschüre …

• informiert entlang des Lehrplans 21 über verbindlich Aufzubauende Kompetenzen per Ende Kindergarten (KG) bzw. per Ende der ersten beiden Grundschul- oder Basisstufenjahre (vgl. Kap. 3).

• fasst die im Lehrplan aufgelisteten Kompetenzen zusammen, bündelt und priorisiert sie (vgl. Kap. 4).

• klärt die Bedeutung von Handlungsaspekten und entwicklungsorientierten Zugängen (vgl. Kap. 5).

• deckt fachdidaktische Hintergrunde auf, gibt Beispiele und Beurteilungshinweise (vgl. Kap. 6).

• bespricht Konsequenzen bei Nicht-Erreichen der Orientierungspunkte (vgl. Kap. 7).

• bietet Lehrpersonen eine persönliche Check-Liste zu den Orientierungspunkten im Fachbereich Mathematik. Daran lassen sich z. B. Übergabegespräche ausrichten, insbesondere zu Kindern mit Auffälligkeiten, Unsicherheiten und Schwierigkeiten (vgl. Kap. 10).

• macht die eher abstrakten Lehrplanvorgaben anschaulich und stellt sie in unterrichtliche Lernkontexte“.[S.3]
description: + Broschürenreihe der PH Zug "Unterrichts- und Schulentwicklung konkret_#1"
description: Hinweis zur Lizenz für die Bilder: Die CC BY NC ND-Lizenz  bezieht sich bei dieser Broschürenreihe nur auf die Inhalte und nicht auf die Bilder. Für die Bilder gilt weiterhin die Copyrightlizenz der PH Zug»
The Theme of failed life in the stories of Adalbert Stifter
Creators: name: Schulze, Alfred Hartwig
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Although in his works Adalbert Stifter often focused attention on harmonious and fulfilled life, he did not avoid depicting the negative sides of human existence. He repeatedly portrayed characters who experience much suffering and who never reach the contented state of being they seek. Their lives must clearly be deemed failures. This study attempts to identify and analyze the theme of failed life in the writer's narratives. Particular emphasis is placed on his early prose, that is, the stories written or conceived before 1848, because meaningless life plays a dominant role in many of them. The circumstances of the protagonists who fail to find fulfilment in life show remarkable similarities. They are condemned to live out their lives in isolation without the hope of deliverance. Not only are they cut off from the world, but they also have no spouse or descendants at their side. The absence of children makes them much more readily the prey of passing time. More often than not they pursue no meaningful activities. The immediate cause of their decline may be one or several crises which they encounter and cannot overcome. The characters are unable to surmount the crises because they exhibit serious shortcomings; they do not become the victims of arbitrary fate. With few exceptions the most important of these negative traits is unrestrained passion. Passion is more than just an overpowering sensual desire; it is also the source of anger, egoism, lust for power and violence. Eccentric behaviour and spiritual shortsightedness may be further elements leading to catastrophe. A distorted education or the complete absence of one can also contribute to the protagonists' decline. Stifter's prose contains a number of figures who cannot be counted failing characters in spite of the fact that they are denied complete fulfilment in life. They are the individuals who, because they are only partially successful in overcoming their crises, must resign themselves to a less desirable position in life than they had hoped to achieve.
Dynamics of diluted magnetic semiconductors from atomistic spin dynamics simulations: Mn doped GaAs as a case study
Creators: name: Hellsvik, J.
name: Skubic, B.
name: Nordström, L.
name: Sanyal, B.
name: Eriksson, O.
name: Nordblad, P.
name: Svedlindh, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The dynamical behavior of the magnetism of diluted magnetic semiconductors (DMS) has been investigated by means of atomistic spin dynamics simulations. The conclusions drawn from the study are argued to be general for DMS systems in the low concentration limit, although all simulations are done for 5% Mn-doped GaAs with various concentrations of As antisite defects. The magnetization curve, $M(T)$, and the Curie temperature $T_C$ have been calculated, and are found to be in good correspondence to results from Monte Carlo simulations and experiments. Furthermore, equilibrium and non-equilibrium behavior of the magnetic pair correlation function have been extracted. The dynamics of DMS systems reveals a substantial short ranged magnetic order even at temperatures at or above the ordering temperature, with a non-vanishing pair correlation function extending up to several atomic shells. For the high As antisite concentrations the simulations show a short ranged anti-ferromagnetic coupling, and a weakened long ranged ferromagnetic coupling. For sufficiently large concentrations we do not observe any long ranged ferromagnetic correlation. A typical dynamical response shows that starting from a random orientation of moments, the spin-correlation develops very fast ($\sim$ 1ps) extending up to 15 atomic shells. Above $\sim$ 10 ps in the simulations, the pair correlation is observed to extend over some 40 atomic shells. The autocorrelation function has been calculated and compared with ferromagnets like bcc Fe and spin-glass materials. We find no evidence in our simulations for a spin-glass behaviour, for any concentration of As antisites. Instead the magnetic response is better described as slow dynamics, at least when compared to that of a regular ferromagnet like bcc Fe.
description: 24 pages, 15 figures
Additional file 1 of Assessing vaccine strategies for mpox outbreak in New York City using an age-structure model
Creators: name: Xiong, Zixiao
name: Xue, Ling
name: Li, Xuezhi
name: Zhang, Yanfen
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Supplementary Material 1
Analysis and Performance Comparison of DVB-T and DTMB Systems for Terrestrial Digital TV
Creators: name: Liu, Ming
name: Crussière, Matthieu
name: Hélard, Jean-François
name: Pasquero, Oudomsack
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) is the most popular transmission technology in digital terrestrial broadcasting (DTTB), adopted by many DTTB standards. In this paper, the bit error rate (BER) performance of two DTTB systems, namely cyclic prefix OFDM (CP-OFDM) based DVB-T and time domain synchronous OFDM (TDS-OFDM) based DTMB, is evaluated in different channel conditions. Spectrum utilization and power efficiency are also discussed to demonstrate the transmission overhead of both systems. Simulation results show that the performances of the two systems are much close. Given the same ratio of guard interval (GI), the DVB-T outperforms DTMB in terms of signal to noise ratio (SNR) in Gaussian and Ricean channels, while DTMB behaves better performance in Rayleigh channel in higher code rates and higher orders of constellation thanks to its efficient channel coding and interleaving scheme.
An extreme case of galaxy and cluster co-evolution at $z$=0.7
Creators: name: Ebeling, Harald
name: Richard, Johan
name: Smail, Ian
name: Edge, Alastair
name: Koekemoer, Anton
name: Zalesky, Lukas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the discovery of eMACSJ0252.4$-$2100 (eMACSJ0252), a massive and highly evolved galaxy cluster at $z=0.703$. Our analysis of Hubble Space Telescope imaging and VLT/MUSE and Keck/DEIMOS spectroscopy of the system finds a high velocity dispersion of 1020$^{+180}_{-190}$ km s$^{-1}$ and a high (if tentative) X-ray luminosity of $(1.2\pm 0.4)\times10^{45}$ erg s$^{-1}$ (0.1$-$2.4 keV). As extreme is the system's brightest cluster galaxy, a giant cD galaxy that forms stars at a rate of between 85 and 300 M$_\odot$ yr$^{-1}$ and features an extended halo of diffuse [OII] emission, as well as evidence of dust. Its most remarkable properties, however, are an exceptionally high ellipticity and a radially symmetric flow of gas in the surrounding intracluster medium, potential direct kinematic evidence of a cooling flow. A strong-lensing analysis, anchored by two multiple-image systems with spectroscopic redshifts, finds the best lens model to consist of a single cluster-scale halo with a total mass of $(1.9\pm0.1)\times 10^{14}$ M$_\odot$ within 250 kpc of the cluster core and, again, an extraordinarily high ellipticity of $e=0.8$. Although further, in-depth studies across the electromagnetic spectrum (especially in the X-ray regime) are needed to conclusively determine the dynamical state of the system, the properties established so far suggest that eMACSJ0252 must have already been highly evolved well before $z\sim 1$, making it a prime target to constrain the physical mechanisms and history of the co-evolution or dark-matter halos and baryons in the era of cluster formation.
description: 9 pages, 8 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
A novel channel estimation based on spread pilots for terrestrial digital video broadcasting
Creators: name: Pasquero, Oudomsack Pierre
name: Crussière, Matthieu
name: Nasser, Youssef
name: Hélard, Jean-François
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper, we propose a novel channel estimation technique based on spread pilots for digital video broadcasting. This technique consists in adding a linear preceding function before the OFDM modulation and dedicating one of the preceding sequence to transmit the pilot symbols for the channel estimation. The merits of this technique are its simplicity, its flexibility, and the gains in terms of spectral efficiency and useful bit rate obtained compared to the classical pilot based estimation schemes used in DVB standards. The performance evaluated over realistic channel models, shows the efficiency of this technique which turns out to be a promising channel estimation technique for the future terrestrial video broadcasting systems.
Size-dependent magnetization fluctuations in NiO nanoparticles
Creators: name: Mishra, Sunil Kumar
name: Subrahmanyam, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The finite size and surface roughness effects on the magnetization of NiO nanoparticles is investigated. A large magnetic moment arises for an antiferromagnetic nanoparticle due to these effects. The magnetic moment without the surface roughness has a non-monotonic and oscillatory dependence on $R$, the size of the particles, with the amplitude of the fluctuations varying linearly with $R$. The geometry of the particle also matters a lot in the calculation of the net magnetic moment. An oblate spheroid shape particle shows an increase in net magnetic moment by increasing oblateness of the particle. However, the magnetic moment values thus calculated are very small compared to the experimental values for various sizes, indicating that the bulk antiferromagnetic structure may not hold near the surface. We incorporate the surface roughness in two different ways; an ordered surface with surface spins inside a surface roughness shell aligned due to an internal field, and a disordered surface with randomly oriented spins inside surface roughness shell. Taking a variational approach we find that the core interaction strength is modified for nontrivial values of $Δ$ which is a signature of multi-sublattice ordering for nanoparticles. The surface roughness scale $Δ$ is also showing size dependent fluctuations, with an envelope decay $Δ\sim R^{-1/5}$. The net magnetic moment values calculated using spheroidal shape and ordered surface are close to the experimental values for different sizes.
description: 19 pages, 8 figures, Accepted for publication in Int. J. Mod. Phys. B