cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
sheddingsomethingshedding
Creators: name: Perdomo, Brandon
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2021
Subjects: Oral history
Artists
Art and society
Art and social action

description: ABOUT THE WORK SHEDDINGSOMETHINGSHEDDING is space where practice meets testimony, as independent artists share their stories of becoming in a reimagining of a salon-style gathering in a digital space. CONTENT AND CONSIDERATIONS This community-driven work was conceived in New York City as the COVID-19 pandemic had both arrived and driven the city to its closure in March, 2020. Now, at the time of the first anniversary, independent artists rally and organize to share their truths, advocate & uplift one another, and share visions for a sustainable, equitable balance in the cultural sector, all while global social solidarity movements call for land-back, fights for social, professional, economic equity. Exploring both creative process and the embodied experiences that informs their practices, this multicultural and intergenerational project aims to encourage curiosity & wonder, and reclamation of narrative power to communities often both unheard and negotiated as other. Themes explored in this work include ancestry, prejudice & discrimination, sex, LGBTQ+, anger, violence, trauma, community organizing and advocacy, prejudice & racism, fear, longing, love, solidarity, experience of being in a body, art & creation. Creative process for the purpose of this work concerns makers of performance, visual, and social practice works, including community advocacy, building, and organizing. Consumption is not advised on an empty stomach. Recommended settings include but are not limited to: an accompaniment of tea, legs upright on the wall, a walk along a familiar road or nature path or body of water. COLLECTION Drawing Rooms feature three artists, collectives, or practices. Each feature is accompanied by audio from the interview session and accompanying media. Each feature may be listened to as a single audio piece, or in parts, with accompanying transcription. Each drawing room is accompanied by Printed Matter in the form of zines, each containing the transcript and art prints from the recorded sessions. They are available for purchase, with percentages of proceeds benefiting the narrator and select mutual aid groups. Encore Sessions are recordings of related public presentations. CURATION Brandon Perdomo is an interdisciplinary artist from the occupied territories of Lenapehoking, currently known as New York City - fascinated with self-reflection and alterity, which are the engines of his interventions. Interested in contemporary politics, ancestral negotiation, and the intricate manners in which the body is perceived in the public sphere, his social practice turns toward stories of radical self-ownership, and what it means to “become.” More -> www.brandonperdomo.com
Antiretroviral Treatment of Adult HIV Infection 2008 Recommendations of the International AIDS Society–USA Panel
Creators: name: Gatell, Jose M.
name: Eron, Joseph J.
name: Reiss, Peter
name: Hammer, Scott M.
name: Cahn, Pedro
name: Volbergding, Paul A.
name: Walmsley, Sharon
name: Hirsch, Martin S.
name: Yeni, Patrick G.
name: Richman, Douglas D.
name: Fischl, Margaret A.
name: Jacobsen, Donna M.
name: Thompson, Melanie A.
name: Montaner, Julio S.G.
name: Schooley, Robert T.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: Context: The availability of new antiretroviral drugs and formulations, including drugs
in new classes, and recent data on treatment choices for antiretroviral-naive and -experienced
patients warrant an update of the International AIDS Society–USA guidelines
for the use of antiretroviral therapy in adult human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)
infection.
Objectives: To summarize new data in the field and to provide current recommendations
for the antiretroviral management and laboratory monitoring of HIV infection.
This report provides guidelines in key areas of antiretroviral management: when
to initiate therapy, choice of initial regimens, patient monitoring, when to change therapy,
and how best to approach treatment options, including optimal use of recently approved
drugs (maraviroc, raltegravir, and etravirine) in treatment-experienced patients.
Data Sources and Study Selection: A 14-member panel with expertise in HIV
research and clinical care was appointed. Data published or presented at selected scientific
conferences since the last panel report (August 2006) through June 2008 were
identified.
Data Extraction and Synthesis: Data that changed the previous guidelines were
reviewed by the panel (according to section). Guidelines were drafted by section writing
committees and were then reviewed and edited by the entire panel. Recommendations
were made by panel consensus.
Conclusions: New data and considerations support initiating therapy before CD4 cell
count declines to less than 350/μL. In patients with 350 CD4 cells/μL or more, the
decision to begin therapy should be individualized based on the presence of comorbidities,
risk factors for progression to AIDS and non-AIDS diseases, and patient readiness
for treatment. In addition to the prior recommendation that a high plasma viral
load (eg, 100 000 copies/mL) and rapidly declining CD4 cell count (100/μL per
year) should prompt treatment initiation, active hepatitis B or C virus coinfection, cardiovascular
disease risk, and HIV-associated nephropathy increasingly prompt earlier
therapy. The initial regimen must be individualized, particularly in the presence of comorbid
conditions, but usually will include efavirenz or a ritonavir-boosted protease
inhibitor plus 2 nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (tenofovir/emtricitabine or
abacavir/lamivudine). Treatment failure should be identified and managed promptly,
with the goal of therapy, even in heavily pretreated patients, being an HIV-1 RNA
level below assay detection limits.
title: Quadruple covers and Gorenstein stable surfaces with K^2=1 and χ=2
Creators: name: Do, Anh Thi
Publisher: name: Philipps-Universität Marburg
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Mathematik
subject: Vierfache verzweigte Überlagerungen Algebraische Geometrie Gorenstein stabile Flächen Modulraum Mathematik Singuläritäten Algebraische Geometrie
subject: Quadruple covers Algebraic geometry Gorenstein stable surfaces moduli space mathematics singularities Algebraic geometry semi-log-canonical sin

description: In this thesis we study Gorenstein stable surfaces with K 2X = 1 and \chi(\ko_X) = 2. These arise as quadruple covers of the projective plane and we give the precise relation between the structure of the cover and the canonical ring. We then use these results to study some strata of the moduli space \overline{\mathfrak{M}_1,2.
description: In dieser Arbeit studieren wir stabile Gorenstein-Flächen mit Invarianten K 2X = 1 and \chi(\ko_X) = 2. Diese entstehen alle als vierfache Überlagerungen der projektiven Ebene und wir beschreiben den genauen Zusammenhang zwischen dem kanonischen Ring und der Struktur der vierfachen Überlagerung. Hiermit gelingt es uns einige Strate im Modulraum \overline{\mathfrak{M}_ 1,2 zu beschreiben.
Sustainability of OSS Projects (the Experience of LibreOffice)
Creators: name: Vignoli, Italo
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: free and open-source software
FOSS
sustainablity
open standards
LibreOffice
open document format

description: Presentation for the PSSOH 2022 plenary lecture on FOSS Sustainability. The lecture was recorded and the video of presentation held by Italo Vignoli together with the Q&A session is available at https://youtu.be/PEir_qkEYeg.
Stieltjes Electrostatic Model Interpretation for Bound State Problems
Creators: name: Chaitanya, K V S Shiv
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, Stieltjes electrostatic model and quantum Hamilton Jacobi formalism is analogous to each other is shown. This analogy allows, the bound state problem to mimics as $n$ unit moving imaginary charges $i\hbar$, which are placed in between the two fixed imaginary charges arising due to the classical turning points of the potential. The interaction potential between $n$ unit moving imaginary charges $i\hbar$ is given by logarithm of the wave function. For an exactly solvable potential, this system attains stable equilibrium position at the zeros of the orthogonal polynomials depending upon the interval of the classical turning points.
Connecting on Climate: A Guide to Effective Climate Change Communication
Creators: name: Markowitz, Ezra
name: Hodge, Caroline
name: Harp, Gabriel
name: St. John, Courtney
name: Marx, Sabine M.
name: Speiser, Meighen
name: Zaval, Lisa
name: Perkowitz, Robert
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2014
Subjects: Climatic changes
Climatic changes--Social aspects
Communication in science
Climate change mitigation

description: Climate change is not a new issue, but the need for meaningful and sustainable solutions is more urgent than ever. Climate communicators and mainstream leaders are still grappling with how to help Americans find meaningful, actionable paths forward and overcome the social, political, psychological, and emotional barriers that have hindered progress on climate solutions. To connect with audiences and unlock success in climate change communication, communicators need to shift their approach. Communicators need to go beyond simply providing people with the facts about climate change. They need to connect with people’s values and worldviews and put solutions at the forefront to make climate change personally relevant to Americans and those they love. With this guide, we have brought together both researchers and practitioners to consolidate the best insights and evidence about how to communicate effectively about climate change. We have combined research from the Center for Research on Environmental Decisions (CRED) at The Earth Institute, Columbia University; ecoAmerica; and other institutions with insights that ecoAmerica has gleaned from communicating about climate change and other environmental issues with mainstream Americans and their leaders. This guide presents information in a digestible, actionable form to enable communicators to “up their game” when engaging Americans on climate solutions of all types and scales.
Opportunities for Large Language Models and Discourse in Engineering Design
Creators: name: Göpfert, Jan
name: Weinand, Jann M.
name: Kuckertz, Patrick
name: Stolten, Detlef
Publisher: name: Forschungzentrum Jülich
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science (cs.CE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: arXiv (2023). doi:10.48550/ARXIV.2306.09169
description: In recent years, large language models have achieved breakthroughs on a wide range of benchmarks in natural language processing and continue to increase in performance. Recently, the advances of large language models have raised interest outside the natural language processing community and could have a large impact on daily life. In this paper, we pose the question: How will large language models and other foundation models shape the future product development process? We provide the reader with an overview of the subject by summarizing both recent advances in natural language processing and the use of information technology in the engineering design process. We argue that discourse should be regarded as the core of engineering design processes, and therefore should be represented in a digital artifact. On this basis, we describe how foundation models such as large language models could contribute to the design discourse by automating parts thereof that involve creativity and reasoning, and were previously reserved for humans. We describe how simulations, experiments, topology optimizations, and other process steps can be integrated into a machine-actionable, discourse-centric design process. Finally, we outline the future research that will be necessary for the implementation of the conceptualized framework.
description: Published by arXiv
A Memetic NSGA-III for Green Flexible Production with Real-Time Energy Costs & Emissions
Creators: name: Burmeister, Sascha C
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The use of renewable energies strengthens decarbonization strategies. To integrate volatile renewable sources, energy systems require grid expansion, storage capabilities, or flexible consumption. This study focuses on industries that adapt production to real-time energy markets, offering flexible consumption to the grid. Flexible production considers not only traditional goals like minimizing production time, but also minimizing energy costs and emissions, thereby enhancing the sustainability of businesses. However, existing research focuses on single goals, neglects the combination of makespan, energy costs, and emissions, or assumes constant or periodic tariffs instead of a dynamic energy market. We present a novel memetic NSGA-III to minimize makespan, energy cost, and emissions, integrating real energy market data, and allowing manufacturers to adapt energy consumption to current grid conditions. Evaluating it with benchmark instances from literature and real energy market data, we explore the trade-offs between objectives, showcasing potential savings in energy costs and emissions on estimated Pareto fronts.
title: Influence of defocusing on quality of image prelimi-nary processing at detection of moving obje
Creators: name: Mikhina, A.V.
name: Savinova, K.S.
name: Stroev, V.M.
Publisher: name: Scientific Research Centre "MachineStructure"
Year: 2019

description: The paper presents and analyzes the results of semi-natural simulation of image preprocessing in the detection of moving objects in difficult mountain conditions. The effect of defocusing the image inherent in the visual analyzer on the quality of detection of moving objects is evaluated.
A Smooth Landscape: Ending Saddle Point Inflation Requires Features to be Shallow
Creators: name: Battefeld, Diana
name: Battefeld, Thorsten
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider inflation driven near a saddle point in a higher dimensional field space, which is the most likely type of slow roll inflation on the string theoretical landscape; anthropic arguments need to be invoked in order to find a sufficiently flat region. To give all inflatons large masses after inflation and yield a small but positive cosmological constant, the trajectory in field space needs to terminate in a hole on the inflationary plateau, introducing a curved end-of-inflation hypersurface. We compute non-Gaussianities (bi- and tri-spectrum) caused by this curved hyper-surface and find a negative, potentially large, local non-linearity parameter. To be consistent with current observational bounds, the hole needs to be shallow, i.e. considerably wider than deep in natural units. To avoid singling out our vacuum as special (i.e. more special than a positive cosmological constant entails), we deduce that all features on field space should be similarly shallow, severely limiting the type of landscapes one may use for inflationary model building. We justify the use of a truncated Fourier series with random coefficients, which are suppressed the higher the frequency, to model such a smooth landscape by a random potential, as is often done in the literature without a good a priory reason.
description: 23 pages, 2 figures; v2: slightly extended to match JCAP version (conclusions unchanged)
Simplified Smoothing Splines for APC Models
Creators: name: Venter, Gary
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2021
Subjects: Actuarial science
Cohort analysis
Spline theory

description: Smoothing splines are splines fit including a roughness penalty. They can be used across groups of variables in regression models to produce more parsimonious models with improved accuracy. For APC (age-period-cohort) models, the variables in each direction can be numbered sequentially 1:N, which simplifies spline fitting. Further simplification is proposed using a different roughness penalty. Some key calculations then become closed-form, and numeric optimization for the degree of smoothing is simpler. Further, this allows the entire estimation to be done simply in MCMC for Bayesian and random-effects models, improving the estimation of the smoothing parameter and providing distributions of the parameters (or random effects) and the selection of the spline knots.
Magnetic structure of the frustrated S=1/2 chain magnet LiCu2O2 doped with nonmagnetic Zn
Creators: name: Bush, A. A.
name: Büttgen, N.
name: Gippius, A. A.
name: Glazkov, V. N.
name: Kraetschmer, W.
name: Prozorova, L. A.
name: Svistov, L. E.
name: Vasiliev, A. M.
name: Zheludev, A.
name: Farutin, A. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the results of magnetization, ESR and NMR measurements on single crystal samples of the frustrated S=1/2 chain cuprate LiCu2O2 doped with nonmagnetic Zn^2+. As shown by the x-ray techniques the crystals of Li(Cu{1-x}Zn{x})2O2 with x<0.12 are single-phase, whereas for higher Zn concentrations the samples were polyphase. ESR spectra for all monophase samples (0<= x<0.12) can be explained within the model of a planar spin structure with a uniaxial type anisotropy. The NMR spectra of the highly doped single crystal sample Li(Cu0.9Zn0.1)2O2 can be described in the frame of a planar spin glass like magnetic structure with short range spiral correlations in the crystal (ab)-planes with strongest exchange bonds. The value of magnetic moments of Cu^2+ ions in this structure is close to value obtained for undoped crystals: (0.8 +- 0.1) mu_B.
description: 12 pages, 10 figures
title: Determination of the jamming load of copper-based coatings obtained by laser surfacing
Creators: name: Biryukov, V.P.
name: Prince, A.N.
name: Starostin, D.A.
name: Klevetov, D.V.
Publisher: name: Scientific Research Centre "MachineStructure"
Year: 2019

description: The paper considers the process of surfacing copper-based powder on 40Cr steel samples using continuous CO2 - laser radiation and transverse beam scanning with a frequency of 219 Hz. It is shown that the load of jamming depends on the powder material and processing modes. The influence of transverse beam oscillations on the quality and performance of the surfacing process is investigated.
Quantum Panpsychism
Creators: name: Venter, Gary
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2021
Subjects: Panpsychism
Consciousness
Philosophy of mind

description: Quantum mechanics accounts well for behavior of objects, but what does it mean for the actual nature of things? That is difficult within physicalism. Panpsychism can help, and even provides possibilities for quantum-neurologic modeling of conscious experience.
Complementarity of direct and indirect Dark Matter detection experiments
Creators: name: Arina, Chiara
name: Bertone, Gianfranco
name: Silverwood, Hamish
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the prospects for reconstructing the mass, spin-independent and spin-dependent cross-sections of Dark Matter particles with a combination of future direct detection experiments such as XENON1T, and the IceCube neutrino telescope in the 86-string configuration including the DeepCore array. We quantify the degree of complementarity between the two experiments by adopting realistic values for their exposure, energy threshold and resolution. Starting from benchmark models arising from a supersymmetric model with 25 free parameters, we show that despite the stringent constraints set by the run with 79 strings, IceCube can help break the degeneracies in the Dark Matter cross-section parameter space, even in the unfortunate case where it fails to discover high energy neutrinos from the Sun. We also discuss how the reconstruction of the Dark Matter particle parameters from the combined data sets is affected by the uncertainties associated with the nuclear structure of the target material in case of spin-dependent scattering and those associated with astrophysical quantities such as the Dark Matter density and velocity distribution.
description: 16 pages, 5 figures. V2: matches version accepted for publication
title: Improving the quality of treatment of commodity potatoes
Creators: name: Zakharov, A.M.
Publisher: name: Scientific Research Centre "MachineStructure"
Year: 2019

description: The article discusses issues of improving the quality of processing of commodity potatoes. The process of dry peeling potatoes is investigated. Based on the study, the author obtains the dependences of cleaning on the speed of the shafts, the angle of inclination of the working surface and the supply of source material.
title: Technological methods for the production of organic potatoes
Creators: name: Zakharov, A.M.
name: Zykov, A.V.
Publisher: name: Scientific Research Centre "MachineStructure"
Year: 2019

description: Technological methods are presented that ensure the ecological purity of ware potatoes in mechanized production: introduction of green manure into the crop rotation, herbicide-free planting care, dry peeling of marketable potatoes. The results of studies of promising technical means with an assessment of their environmental safety in the North-West region of the Russian Federation are presented.
Theoretical characterization of excitation energy transfer in chlorosome light-harvesting antennae from green sulfur bacteria
Creators: name: Fujita, Takatoshi
name: Huh, Joonsuk
name: Saikin, Semion K.
name: Brookes, Jennifer C.
name: Aspuru-Guzik, Alan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Chlorosomes are the largest and most efficient natural light-harvesting antenna systems. They contain thousands of pigment molecules - bacteriochlorophylls (BChls)- that are organized into supramolecular aggregates and form a very efficient network for excitonic energy migration. Here, we present a theoretical study of excitation energy transfer (EET) in the chlorosome based on experimental evidence of the molecular assembly. Our model for the exciton dynamics throughout the antenna combines a stochastic time propagation of the excitonic wave function with molecular dynamics simulations of supramolecular structure, and electronic structure calculations of the excited states. The simulation results reveal a detailed picture of the EET in the chlorosome. Coherent energy transfer is significant only for the first 50 fs after the initial excitation, and the wavelike motion of the exciton is completely damped at 100 fs. Characteristic time constants of incoherent energy transfer, subsequently, vary from 1 ps to several tens of ps. We assign the time scales of the EET to specific physical processes by comparing our results with the data obtained from time-resolved spectroscopy experiments.
title: Dependence of the yield of Timothy grass meadow on the method of inter-row processing
Creators: name: Chugunov, S.V.
name: Rozhkov, G.A.
name: Zakharov, A.M.
Publisher: name: Scientific Research Centre "MachineStructure"
Year: 2019

description: The article presents the results of studies of the yield of seeds of perennial herbs in the system of organic farming. Research was conducted on the experimental field of organic crop rotation. In the studied areas, various types intertillage of row spacings were applied.
Role of the phase-matching condition in non-degenerate four-wave mixing in hot vapors for the generation of squeezed states of light
Creators: name: Turnbull, M. T.
name: Petrov, P. G.
name: Embrey, C. S.
name: Marino, A. M.
name: Boyer, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Non-degenerate forward four-wave mixing in hot atomic vapors has been shown to produce strong quantum correlations between twin beams of light [McCormick et al, Opt. Lett. 32, 178 (2007)], in a configuration which minimizes losses by absorption. In this paper, we look at the role of the phase-matching condition in the trade-off that occurs between the efficiency of the nonlinear process and the absorption of the twin beams. To this effect, we develop a semi-classical model by deriving the atomic susceptibilities in the relevant double-lambda configuration and by solving the classical propagation of the twin-beam fields for parameters close to those found in typical experiments. These theoretical results are confirmed by a simple experimental study of the nonlinear gain experienced by the twin beams as a function of the phase mismatch. The model shows that the amount of phase mismatch is key to the realization of the physical conditions in which the absorption of the twin beams is minimized while the cross-coupling between the twin beams is maintained at the level required for the generation of strong quantum correlations. The optimum is reached when the four-wave mixing process is not fully phase matched.
description: 10 pages, 9 figures
title: Poyda E.O.
Creators: name: Poyda, E.O.
Publisher: name: Scientific Research Centre "MachineStructure"
Year: 2019

description: This article describes the fractal approach proposed by the author for the purpose of structuring knowledge that is actively used to form the study of the Arctic center. The article introduces the definition of methodological fractal information space, as well as the concept of a model with fractal stratification.
Comparing gravitational waves from nonprecessing and precessing black hole binaries in the corotating frame
Creators: name: Pekowsky, Larne
name: O'Shaughnessy, Richard
name: Healy, Jim
name: Shoemaker, Deirdre
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Previous analytic and numerical calculations suggest that, at each instant, the emission from a precessing black hole binary closely resembles the emission from a nonprecessing analog. In this paper we quantitatively explore the validity and limitations of that correspondence, extracting the radiation from a large collection of roughly two hundred generic black hole binary merger simulations both in the simulation frame and in a corotating frame that tracks precession. To a first approximation, the corotating-frame waveforms resemble nonprecessing analogs, based on similarity over a band-limited frequency interval defined using a fiducial detector (here, advanced LIGO) and the source's total mass $M$. By restricting attention to masses $M\in 100, 1000 M_\odot$, we insure our comparisons are sensitive only to our simulated late-time inspiral, merger, and ringdown signals. In this mass region, every one of our precessing simulations can be fit by some physically similar member of the \texttt{IMRPhenomB} phenomenological waveform family to better than 95%; most fit significantly better. The best-fit parameters at low and high mass correspond to natural physical limits: the pre-merger orbit and post-merger perturbed black hole. Our results suggest that physically-motivated synthetic signals can be derived by viewing radiation from suitable nonprecessing binaries in a suitable nonintertial reference frame. While a good first approximation, precessing systems have degrees of freedom (i.e., the transverse spins) which a nonprecessing simulation cannot reproduce. We quantify the extent to which these missing degrees of freedom limit the utility of synthetic precessing signals for detection and parameter estimation.
description: Submitted to PRD; v2 corrects mass scales; v3 repairs and improves fig 2 and count
Three-Dimensional Model of Cosmic-Ray Lepton Propagation Reproduces Data from the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer on the International Space Station
Creators: name: Gaggero, Daniele
name: Maccione, Luca
name: Di Bernardo, Giuseppe
name: Evoli, Carmelo
name: Grasso, Dario
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the compatibility of Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer (AMS-02) data on the cosmic-ray (CR) positron fraction with data on the CR electron and positron spectra provided by PAMELA and Fermi LAT. We do that in terms of a novel propagation model in which sources are distributed in spiral arm patterns in agreement with astrophysical observations. While former interpretations assumed an unrealistically steep injection spectrum for astrophysical background electrons, the enhanced energy losses experienced by CR leptons due to the larger average source distance from Earth allow us to reproduce the data with harder injection spectra as expected in a shock acceleration scenario. Moreover, we show that in this approach, and accounting for AMS-02 results, the contribution of nearby accelerators to the fluxes at very high energy can be significantly reduced, thus avoiding any tension with anisotropy upper limits.
description: 4 pages, 5 figures. Accepted for publication in PRL
An investigation of the deformation of a 38-O sheet specimen during tensile failure
Creators: name: Goebel, Thomas Parker
Publisher: name: California Institute of Technology
Year: 1949
Subjects: Aeronautics

description: It is recognized that the "necking down" of a tensile specimen which occurs prior to failure is essentially a plastic flow phenomenon. Careful observation of this flow could conceivably be used to determine the plasticity properties of various metals and also to check the applicability of some of the assumptions in the theory of plasticity.

The present preliminary tests were carried out primarily for the purpose of developing an experimental technique. A motion picture camera was used to photograph a deforming grid in the neck of a sheet tensile specimen while the load was simultaneously recorded on a recording oscillograph. This technique yielded two-dimensional strain data on one surface of the specimen and the total load as functions of time. This is admittedly not all the information desired on the plastic flow, but it does allow a partial correlation of strain rate with rate of loading, and a determination of the extent of elastic and plastic deformation on one surface of the specimen.
SERVIR West Africa Training Program on Data Stewardship and the CoreTrustSeal Requirements: Session 3
Creators: name: Downs, Robert R.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2021
Subjects: Database management
Data curation
Digital preservation

description: Data stewardship activities enable continuing use of data products and services to create new knowledge and contribute to planning and policy development, education and learning outcomes, and research. Data stewardship efforts create capabilities that enable data reuse and include data management, curation, and preservation. The international research data management community has established instruments, such as the CoreTrustSeal requirements, to guide the development, operation, assessment, and certification of digital repositories as trustworthy stewards of data. The CoreTrustSeal requirements provide metrics that are utilized by data repositories, worldwide to improve their data stewardship infrastructure and processes and to continually assess their data curation capabilities.
SERVIR West Africa Training Program on Data Stewardship and the CoreTrustSeal Requirements: Session 1
Creators: name: Downs, Robert R.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2021
Subjects: Database management
Data curation
Digital preservation

description: Data stewardship activities enable continuing use of data products and services to create new knowledge and contribute to planning and policy development, education and learning outcomes, and research. Data stewardship efforts create capabilities that enable data reuse and include data management, curation, and preservation. The international research data management community has established instruments, such as the CoreTrustSeal requirements, to guide the development, operation, assessment, and certification of digital repositories as trustworthy stewards of data. The CoreTrustSeal requirements provide metrics that are utilized by data repositories, worldwide to improve their data stewardship infrastructure and processes and to continually assess their data curation capabilities.
Evidence for AGN-driven Outflows in Young Radio Quasars
Creators: name: Kim, Minjin
name: Ho, Luis C.
name: Lonsdale, Carol J.
name: Lacy, Mark
name: Blain, Andrew W.
name: Kimball, Amy E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present near-infrared spectra of young radio quasars [P(1.4GHz) ~ 26-27 W/Hz] selected from the Wide-Field Infrared Survey Explorer. The detected objects have typical redshifts of z ~ 1.6-2.5 and bolometric luminosities ~ 10^47 erg/s. Based on the intensity ratios of narrow emission lines, we find that these objects are mainly powered by active galactic nuclei (AGNs), although star formation contribution cannot be completely ruled out. The host galaxies experience moderate levels of extinction, A(V) ~ 0-1.3 mag. The observed [O III] luminosities and rest-frame J-band magnitudes constrain the black hole masses to lie in the range ~ 10^8.9-10^9.7 solar mass. From the empirical correlation between black hole mass and host galaxy mass, we infer stellar masses of ~ 10^11.3-10^12.2 solar mass. The [O III] line is exceptionally broad, with full width at half maximum ~1300 to 2100 km/s, significantly larger than that of ordinary distant quasars. We argue that these large line widths can be explained by jet-induced outflows, as predicted by theoretical models of AGN feedback.
description: To appear in The Astrophysical Journal Letters
SERVIR West Africa Training Program on Data Stewardship and the CoreTrustSeal Requirements: Session 2
Creators: name: Downs, Robert R.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2021
Subjects: Database management
Data curation
Digital preservation

description: Data stewardship activities enable continuing use of data products and services to create new knowledge and contribute to planning and policy development, education and learning outcomes, and research. Data stewardship efforts create capabilities that enable data reuse and include data management, curation, and preservation. The international research data management community has established instruments, such as the CoreTrustSeal requirements, to guide the development, operation, assessment, and certification of digital repositories as trustworthy stewards of data. The CoreTrustSeal requirements provide metrics that are utilized by data repositories, worldwide to improve their data stewardship infrastructure and processes and to continually assess their data curation capabilities.
Legal dimensions of the Chinese experience in Los Angeles, 1860-1880
Creators: name: Armond, Michelle Elle
Publisher: name: California Institute of Technology
Year: 2000
Subjects: Chinese
History and Philosophy of Science
history
Electrical Engineering
Los Angeles

description: On October 24, 1871, a massacre of eighteen Chinese in Los Angeles brought the small southern California settlement into the national spotlight. Within a few days, news of this “night of horrors” was reported in newspapers across the country. This massacre has been cited in Asian American narratives as the first documented outbreak of ethnic violence against a Chinese community in the United States. This is ironic because Los Angeles’ small population has generally placed it on the periphery in historical studies of the California anti-Chinese movement. Because the massacre predated Los Angeles’ organized Chinese exclusion movements of the late 1870s, it has often been erroneously dismissed as an aberration in the history of the city.

The violence of 1871 was an outburst highlighting existing community tensions that would become part of public debate by decade’s close. The purpose of this study is to insert the massacre into a broader context of anti-Chinese sentiments, legal discrimination, and dehumanization in nineteenth century Los Angeles. While a second incident of widespread anti-Chinese violence never occurred, brutal attacks directed at Chinese small businessmen and others highlighted continued community conflict. Similarly, economic rivalries and concerns over Chinese prostitution that underlay the 1871 massacre were manifest in later campaigns of economic discrimination and vice suppression that sought to minimize Chinese influence within municipal limits. An analysis of the massacre in terms of anti-Chinese legal, social and economic strategies in nineteenth-century Los Angeles will elucidate these important continuities.
Columbia University School of Social Work - Online Faculty Development Series -- #NSWM
Creators: name: Levine, Joshua P.
name: Marquart, Matthea S.
name: Folk, Krystal
name: Backus Florio, Megan
name: Chung, Rebecca Yae-Eun
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2021
Subjects: Web-based instruction
Distance education
Social work education
Universities and colleges--Faculty--Training of

description: These are our slides for a pre-recorded poster presentation for the Network for Social Work Management Forward Thinking Summit, June 9, 2021. Link to the Summit website: https://socialworkmanager.org/nswm-forward-thinking-summit/ Poster abstract: During AY2018-19, the Columbia University School of Social Work (CSSW) Online Campus launched and piloted a five-session virtual Online Faculty Development Series serving our 200 online faculty and staff nationwide; after a successful pilot, the series has continued in AY2019-20 and AY2020-21. This poster will share details of how this series builds community and fosters innovation, including details about the lightning round teaching & learning showcases, digital badges for series completion, student and alumni presentations, prominent inclusion of adjuncts, free continuing education credits, and participation from School leadership. Link to the poster recording: https://youtu.be/8M6TJyj4ifk
Matter-gravity scattering in the presence of spontaneous Lorentz violation
Creators: name: Maluf, R. V.
name: Santos, Victor
name: Cruz, W. T.
name: Almeida, C. A. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Considering quantum gravity within the framework of effective field theory, we investigated the consequences of spontaneous Lorentz violation for the gravitational potential. In particular, we focus our attention on the bumblebee models, in which the graviton couples to a vector $B_μ$ that assumes a nonzero vacuum expectation value. The leading order corrections for the nonrelativistic potential are obtained from calculation of the scattering matrix of two scalar particles interacting gravitationally. These corrections imply anisotropic properties associated with the bumblebee background and also add a Darwin-like term for Newton's potential.
description: 19 pages, 2 figures, new references added, Eqs. (30) and (34) are corrected, and results and conclusions are improved. Version published in Phys. Rev. D
Geology and ore deposits of the Capps Gold Mine, Mecklenburg County, North Carolina
Creators: name: Hoy, Robert Beck
Publisher: name: California Institute of Technology
Year: 1939
Subjects: subject: Geology
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences

description: The Capps gold mine is located five and one-half miles northwest of Charlotte, in Mecklenburg County, North Carolina. The area lies wholly within the igneous belt of the southern Appalachian gold region in approximately the central part of the Piedmont province of eastern United States.

The ore deposits consist of lenticular quartzdolomite-pyrite veins irregularly replacing sheared zones of the granite country rock. The wall-rock alteration and vein mineralization indicate that the deposits belong to the mesothermal rather than hypothermal zone into which most of the southern Appalachian gold deposits have been classified.

The immediate future of the Capps district does not present an optimistic picture, because the Capps Company is in the hands of receivers. Nevertheless, it is possible that successful mining could be carried out, if deposits were carefully blocked out in advance of extraction. The best possibilities for future exploration are extensions of the deposits beneath old excavations, especially those above which rich ore has been obtained.
Trauma-informed teaching and learning, and self-care for higher ed faculty and staff
Creators: name: Marquart, Matthea S.
name: Harris, Jalana S.
name: Baez, Johanna C.
name: Shedrick, Dawn E.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2021
Subjects: Web-based instruction
Distance education
Psychic trauma
Universities and colleges--Faculty--Training of

description: These are our slides from a webinar for UPCEA, hosted by the Online Administration Network and held online on May 19, 2021. Webinar abstract: Join us for an interactive conversation that's highly relevant for our pandemic age. The panelists will share the principles of trauma-informed teaching and learning (TITL), ways to apply TITL principles to online teaching, and self-care strategies for faculty and staff. The panelists are authors of recent articles on these topics, and will invite participants to share their own examples and experiences.
title: Rammekens, eine frühe Bastionärfestung in den Niederlanden (De Boni, ab 1547)
title: Rammekens, an early bastion fortress in the Netherlands (De Boni, 1547)
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Kiem, Karl
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek Siegen
Year: 1987
Subjects: subject: 720 Architektur
subject: Festung
subject: Niederlande
subject: Karl V.
subject: Donato de Boni
subject: Napoleon
subject: Fortress
subject: Netherlands

description: Die Festung Rammekens wurde ab 1547 in der niederländischen Provinz Zeeland in der Nähe der Stadt Vlissingen gebaut. Bauherr war Kaiser Karl V., der Architekt war Donato di Pellizuoli aus Bergamo. Zweck der Festung war es, die Einfahrt zum Hafen von Antwerpen zu sichern. Rammekens ist eine der ältesten Bastionstürme außerhalb Italiens. Das Tor gehört zu den frühesten Beispielen für den Import der italienischen Renaissance in die Niederlande.
description: The Rammekens fortress was built since 1547 in the Dutch province of Zeeland near the town of Vlissingen. The client was Emperor Charles V, the architect was Donato di Pellizuoli from Bergamo. The purpose of the fortification was to secure the entrance to the port of Antwerp. Rammekens is one of the oldest bastion fortresses outside of Italy. The Gate of the building belongs to the earliest examples of the import of the Italian Renaissance in the Netherlands.
I.  The generalized valence bond description of O_2  II.  Configuration interaction studies on low-lying states of O_2
Creators: name: Moss, Barry Joel
Publisher: name: California Institute of Technology
Year: 1975
Subjects: Chemistry

description: I. The Generalized Valence Bond Description of O_2

Ab initio calculations using the generalized valence bond (GVB) method have been carried out for the lowest triplet and singlet states of O_2 at internuclear distances (R) between 2a_o and 6a_o. In contrast to other orbital descriptions, GVB leads correctly to ground state oxygen atoms as the bond length is increased to infinity. This proper behavior requires optimization of the spatial orbitals themselves and of the permutational coupling between them as well. Analysis of the results as a function of R is straightforward. Constructing a simple configuration interaction (CI) wavefunction using the GVB orbitals leads to excellent potential curves, accounting for 94% of the bond dissociation energy. The calculated adiabatic separation of the singlet and triplet states is 1.09 eV compared with the experimental T_e of 1.01 eV.

II. Configuration Interaction Studies on Low-Lying States of O_2

Configuration interaction calculations are reported as a function of R for the nine state of O_2 corresponding to the (3σ_g)^2  (1π_μ)^4 (1π_g)^2 and (3σ_g)^2 (1π_μ)^3 (1π_g)^3 configurations (X^3∑^-_g, a^1Δ_g, b^1∑^+_g, ^1∑^-_μ, ^3Δ_μ, A^3∑^+_μ, B^3∑^-_μ, ^1Δ_μ, ^1∑^+_μ).   By using the generalized valence bond (GVB) orbitals of the X^3∑^-_g state we obtain good quality GVB-CI wavefunctions with only a moderate number of configurations(72 to 98 spatial configurations) despite the use of a large basis set (double-zeta plus polarization functions). The calculated D_e for the X^3∑^-_μ state is 4.88 eV, 93% of the experimental value. The calculated adiabatic excitation energies are on the average about 0.1 eV from the experimental values.
A phenomenological estimate of rescattering effects in $B_s\to K^{*0}\bar{K}^{*0}$
Creators: name: Yu, Yao
name: Fu, Hai-Bing
name: Zhang, Han
name: Ke, Bai-Cian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The measurements in $b\to s$ penguin-dominated decays are widely recognized as a powerful test for searching for New Physics by studying the deviation from theoretical estimations within the Standard Model. We examine the final-state rescattering effects on the decay $B_s\to K^{*0}\bar{K}^{*0}$ and provide estimations of the branching ratio and longitudinal polarization of $B_s\to K^{*0}\bar{K}^{*0}$, which is consistent with experimental observations. Our conclusion is that both short- and long-distance interactions contribute significantly in this decay. The small longitudinal polarization in $B\to VV$ modes may not be a signal for New Physics.
S-duality of tree-level S-matrix elements in D$_3$-brane effective action
Creators: name: Babaei-Aghbolagh, H.
name: Garousi, Mohammad R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently it has been speculated that the S-matrix elements on the world volume of D$_3$-branes should satisfy the ward identity corresponding to the S-duality transformations. For a single brane and in the low energy limit, this indicates that in the abelian Dirac-Born-Indeld-Chern-Simons theory the combination of contact terms and tree-level massless poles in an $n$-point function should satisfy the S-duality. In this paper we examine in details the S-matrix element of three gauge bosons and one two-form and the S-matrix element of six gauge bosons in favor of the above proposal.
description: 12 pages, Latex file, no figure; v2: the version appears in PRD
On Solutions to Cournot-Nash Equilibria Equations on the Sphere
Creators: name: Warren, Micah
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 49Q20, 91A10, 35J96

description: We discuss equations associated to Cournot-Nash Equilibria as put forward recently by Blanchet and Carlier. These equations are related to an optimal transport problem in which the source measure is known, but the target measure is part of the problem. The resulting equation is a Monge-Ampère type with possible nonlocal terms. If the cost function is of a particular form, the equation is vulnerable to standard optimal transportation PDE techniques, with some modifications to deal with the new terms. We give some conditions on the problem from which we can conclude that solutions are smooth.