cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
A phenomenological study of the linkages between preservice teacher identity development and teaching Praxis
Creators: name: Blowe, Paulette
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2021

description: Professional identity development is a complex phenomenon experienced by preservice teachers before, during, and after their time spent in a teacher education program. Developing an effective praxis is also a complex phenomenon experienced by preservice teachers. Preservice teachers’ beliefs, perceptions, and experiences in teacher education programs shape their professional identity. What my study explored is the “how” about teacher identity development. My study is an inquiry into a black box: How does a preservice teacher’s sense of professional identity development during the Clinical II Student Teaching Practicum semester? As a clinical instructor in three New Jersey teacher education programs, my work piqued my interest in preservice teacher identity development and the possible linkages with emerging praxis. I observed preservice teachers flourish in their field placement classrooms and I witnessed others flounder with their praxis. I also observed preservice teachers flounder and then flourish, and, to my dismay, I witnessed preservice teachers who floundered and then failed in their quest to become teachers. Teachers and teaching practices have primarily been studied by what teachers do while ignoring what might be going on with what they experience (Freeman, 2000). There is limited research on the linkages between professional identity development and praxis. Grossman (2008) and Cochran-Smith and Zeichner (2009) call for more thorough research on the linkages between identity development and preservice teachers’ praxis. This study answers that call in its systematic documentation of how a purposive sample of five preservice teachers, enrolled in a northeastern university’s college of education in their Clinical II Student Teaching Practicum semester, experienced becoming a teacher. An interpretive phenomenological analysis (IPA) approach allowed for a nuanced examination of the types and complexities of relationships between identity formation and praxis. Mixed methods were used to collect data in a pretest and posttest design.Findings for this study indicate that teacher identity prescribes teacher praxis and teacher praxis, in turn, describes teacher identity. Engaging preservice teachers in their professional identity formation and facilitating their understanding and implementing effective classroom praxis must become the focus of teacher education programs, especially for programs with an urban education focus (Sardabi et al., 2018).
Oscillatory chiral flows in confined active fluids with obstacles
Creators: name: Zhang, Bo
name: Hilton, Benjamin
name: Short, Christopher
name: Souslov, Anton
name: Snezhko, Alexey
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An active colloidal fluid comprised of self-propelled spinning particles injecting energy and angular momentum at the microscale demonstrates spontaneous collective states that range from flocks to coherent vortices. Despite their seeming simplicity, the emergent far-from-equilibrium behavior of these fluids remains poorly understood, presenting a challenge to the design and control of next-generation active materials. When confined in a ring, such so-called polar active fluids acquire chirality once the spontaneous flow chooses a direction. In a perfect ring, this chirality is indefinitely long-lived. Here, we combine experiments on self-propelled colloidal Quincke rollers and mesoscopic simulations of continuum Toner-Tu equations to explore how such chiral states can be controlled and manipulated by obstacles. For different obstacle geometries three dynamic steady states have been realized: long-lived chiral flow, an apolar state in which the flow breaks up into counter-rotating vortices and an unconventional collective state with flow having an oscillating chirality. The chirality reversal proceeds through the formation of intermittent vortex chains in the vicinity of an obstacle. We demonstrate that the frequency of collective states with oscillating chirality can be tuned by obstacle parameters. We vary obstacle shapes to design chiral states that are independent of initial conditions. Building on our findings, we realize a system with two triangular obstacles that force the active fluid towards a state with a density imbalance of active particles across the ring. Our results demonstrate how spontaneous polar active flows in combination with size and geometry of scatterers can be used to control dynamic patterns of polar active liquids for materials design.
description: 13 pages, 5 figures
Lasek, Jan, Kotowski (Hrsg.), Johannes Amos Comenius und die Genese des modernen Europa
Creators: name: Vo
Publisher: name: Ökumenische Rundschau
Year: 2025

description: Ökumenische Rundschau, Bd. 43 Nr. 2 (1994): Ökumenische Rundschau, Band 43, Heft 2
Stability of Schwarzschild (Anti)de Sitter black holes in Conformal Gravity
Creators: name: Lanteri, Daniele
name: Wan, Shen-Song
name: Iorio, Alfredo
name: Castorina, Paolo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the thermodynamics of spherically symmetric, neutral and non-rotating black holes in conformal (Weyl) gravity. To this end, we apply different methods: (i) the evaluation of the specific heat; (ii) the study of the entropy concavity; (iii) the geometrical approach to thermodynamics known as \textit{thermodynamic geometry}; (iv) the Poincaré method that relates equilibrium and out-of-equilibrium thermodynamics. We show that the thermodynamic geometry approach can be applied to conformal gravity too, because all the key thermodynamic variables are insensitive to Weyl scaling. The first two methods, (i) and (ii), indicate that the entropy of a de Sitter black hole is always in the interval $2/3\leq S\leq 1$, whereas thermodynamic geometry suggests that, at $S=1$, there is a second order phase transition to an Anti de Sitter black hole. On the other hand, we obtain from the Poincaré method (iv) that black holes whose entropy is $S < 4/3$ are stable or in a saddle-point, whereas when $S>4/3$ they are always unstable, hence there is no definite answer on whether such transition occurs.
description: 13 pages, 6 figures
Attractions and aversions: exploring attitudes and perceptions of sexually procured youth in the Downtown Eastside
Creators: name: Scott, Suzanne
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: The entrenchment of children and youth in the sex trade is a pervasive and troubling social issue. Youth procured for sexual purposes are a highly vulnerable and at-risk population. These youth continue to be victimized, exploited, and abused by adults in the community. Listening to the voices and life experiences of youth involved in the sex trade offers valuable insight into what keeps youth entrenched, the risks that place them in danger, and programs and services that may assist them in exiting this lifestyle. This exploratory study was designed to elicit personal appraisals of the attractions and aversions of sexually procured youth. The sample consisted of 15 youth (N=15), 1 male, 2 transgendered, and 12 female youth, aged 16-24 who self-identified as having worked in the sex trade within the past year. Participants for this study were recruited from the Youth Action Centre (Y.A.C.), a drop-in for street entrenched youth in Vancouver, British Columbia. A single, semi-structured interview was conducted which asked youth about their attitudes and perceptions of the attractions and aversions of working in the sex trade. The qualitative data was coded utilizing content analysis and descriptive statistics were subsequently calculated. Results indicated that while 'Money for Clothing' was the most prevalent early benefit (64%), the overwhelming current benefit for youth in the study was 'Money for Drugs' (100%). 'Physical Assault' was identified by over half of the sample as the most common early risk (57%) and all participants recognized 'Physical Assault' (100%) as a current risk. The categories of 'STD/HIV and 'Being Murdered' saw dramatic shifts from early to current risks with increases from 29% to 71% and 7% to 64% respectively. Participants identified 'Drugs' (100%) as the most prevalent reason for most youth being involved in prostitution, while they said that 'Money' (92%) was the main reason for their own involvement. Participants in the study also indicated that they believed most youth in the sex trade wanted to leave due to 'Physical Assault' (40%) and being 'Bored/Tired of It' (40%). When asked why they, personally wanted to leave, the majority gave their reasons as 'Wanting a Different Lifestyle' (73%) and 'Getting Off Drugs' (73%). Youth in the study were asked about interest and involvement in recreational activities and identified their preferences in this area. The study also explored participants' awareness, willingness, and ability to participate in these recreational activities. Finally, the limitations and implications of the study are explored and the connections between the research findings and theoretical framework are considered.
Time-lens Photon Doppler Velocimetry (TL-PDV)
Creators: name: Chu, Pinghan
name: Kilic, Velat
name: Foster, Mark A.
name: Wang, Zhehui
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe a time lens to expand the dynamic range of photon Doppler velocimetry (PDV) systems. The principle and preliminary design of a time-lens PDV (TL-PDV) are explained and shown to be feasible through simulations. In a PDV system, an interferometer is used for measuring frequency shifts due to the Doppler effect from the target motion. However, the sampling rate of the electronics could limit the velocity range of a PDV system. A four-wave-mixing (FWM) time lens applies a quadratic temporal phase to an optical signal within a nonlinear FWM medium (such as an integrated photonic waveguide or highly nonlinear optical fiber). By spectrally isolating the mixing product, termed the idler, and with appropriate lengths of dispersion prior and after to this FWM time lens, a temporally magnified version of the input signal is generated. Therefore, the frequency shifts of PDV can be "slowed down" with the magnification factor $M$ of the time lens. $M=1$ corresponds to a regular PDV without a TL. $M=10$ has been shown to be feasible for a TL-PDV. Use of this effect for PDV can expand the velocity measurement range and allow the use of lower bandwidth electronics. TL-PDV will open up new avenues for various dynamic materials experiments.
description: Contributed paper published as part of the Proceedings of the 23nd Topical Conference on High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics, Santa Fe, New Mexico, December, 2020
Smoothing parameter selection when errors are correlated and application to ozone data
Creators: name: St-Aubin, Robert
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Automatic smoothing parameter selection methods for nonparametric regression like cross-validation and generalized cross-validation are known to be severely affected by dependence in the regression errors. We proposed, in this work, to modify some of the ideas used in the cross-validation criterion in kernel regression with dependent errors and apply them to smoothing splines with model based penalty. Model based penalty smoothing permits us to keep the flexibility of the nonparametric methods while it also allows us to specify a favoured parametric model which can help improve on the estimate of the regression function. We consider the "modified cross-validation" (also known as Leave—21+1 out) and the "blockwise cross-validation" smoothing parameter selection techniques which were initially proposed by Hardle and Vieu (1992) and Wehrly and Hart (1988) respectively. These two smoothing parameter selection techniques take correlation into account and alleviate its effect on the regression function estimation. We use a simulation study to evaluate the performance of our two smoothing parameter selection techniques. We compare the results with a few commonly used parametric techniques. Our techniques are also applied to an air pollution data set where we estimate the underlying trend of daily and monthly ground ozone levels in southern Ontario.
Superconductor-semiconductor magnetic microswitch
Creators: name: Castellana, C.
name: Giazotto, F.
name: Governale, M.
name: Taddei, F.
name: Beltram, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A hybrid superconductor--two-dimensional electron gas microdevice is presented. Its working principle is based on the suppression of Andreev reflection at the superconductor-semiconductor interface caused by a magnetic barrier generated by a ferromagnetic strip placed on top of the structure. Device switching is predicted with fields up to some mT and working frequencies of several GHz, making it promising for applications ranging from microswitches and storage cells to magnetic field discriminators.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures, minor changes to text
Stability of the Absolutely Continuous Spectrum of Random Schroedinger Operators on Tree Graphs
Creators: name: Aizenman, Michael
name: Sims, Robert
name: Warzel, Simone
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Spectral Theory (math.SP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The subject of this work are random Schroedinger operators on regular rooted tree graphs $\T$ with stochastically homogeneous disorder. The operators are of the form $H_λ(ω) = T + U + λV(ω)$ acting in $\ell^2(\T)$, with $T $ the adjacency matrix, $U$ a radially periodic potential, and $V(ω)$ a random potential. This includes the only class of homogeneously random operators for which it was proven that the spectrum of $H_λ(ω)$ exhibits an absolutely continuous (ac) component; a results established by A. Klein for weak disorder, in case U=0 and $V(ω)$ given by iid random variables on $\T$. Our main contribution is a new method for establishing the persistence of ac spectrum under weak disorder. The method yields the continuity in the disorder parameter of the ac spectral density of $H_λ(ω)$ at $λ= 0$. The latter is shown to converge in the $L^1$ sense over closed intervals in which $H_0$ has no singular spectrum. The analysis extends to random potentials whose values at different sites need not be independent, assuming only that their joint distribution is weakly correlated across different tree branches.
title: Dagstuhl Manifestos, Table of Contents, Volume 1, Issue 1, 2011
Creators: name: Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik
Publisher: name: Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Dagstuhl Manifestos
subject: Table of Contents
subject: Volume 1
subject: Issue 1
subject: 2011

description: Dagstuhl Manifestos, Table of Contents, Volume 1, Issue 1, 2011
description: Dagstuhl Manifestos, Volume 1, Issue 1, pages i-ii
Accelerated Carrier Relaxation through Reduced Coulomb Screening in 2D Halide Perovskite Nanoplatelets
Creators: name: Hintermayr, Verena A.
name: Polavarapu, Lakshminarayana
name: Urban, Alexander S.
name: Feldmann, Jochen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: For high-speed optoelectronic applications relying on fast relaxation or energy transfer mechanisms, understanding of carrier relaxation and recombination dynamics is critical. Here, we compare the differences in photoexcited carrier dynamics in 2D and quasi-3D colloidal methylammonium lead iodide perovskite nanoplatelets via differential transmission spectroscopy. We find that the cooling of excited electron-hole pairs by phonon emission progresses much faster and is intensity-independent in the 2D-case. This is due to the low dielectric surrounding of the thin perovskite layers, for which the Fröhlich interaction is screened less efficiently leading to higher and less density dependent carrier-phonon scattering rates. In addition, rapid dissipation of heat into the surrounding occurs due to the high surface-to-volume ratio. Furthermore, we observe a sub-picosecond dissociation of resonantly excited 1s excitons in the quasi-3D case, an effect which is suppressed in the 2D nanoplatelets due to their large exciton binding energies. The results highlight the importance of the surrounding environment of the inorganic nanoplatelets on their relaxation dynamics. Moreover, this 2D material with relaxation times in the sub-picosecond regime shows great potential for realizing devices such as photodetectors or all-optical switches operating at THz frequencies.
le Coutre, Eberhard / u.a., Südafrika - die Konflikte der Welt in einem Land
Creators: name: Vo
Publisher: name: Ökumenische Rundschau
Year: 2025

description: Ökumenische Rundschau, Bd. 43 Nr. 2 (1994): Ökumenische Rundschau, Band 43, Heft 2
Detection of odor quality and ripening stage of Mangifera indica L. by graphdiyne nanosheet -- a DFT outlook
Creators: name: Nagarajan, V.
name: Chandiramouli, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using first-principles calculation, geometrical stability together with electronic properties of graphdiyne nanosheet (Gdn-NS) is investigated. The structural stability of Gdn-NS is established with the support of phonon band structure and cohesive energy. The main objective of the present study is to check the odor quality of Mangifera indica L. (mangoes) fruits during the various ripening stage with the influence of Gdn-NS material. In addition, the adsorption of various volatiles, namely ethyl butanoate, myrcene, (E,Z,Z)-1,3,4,8-undecatetraene and $γ$-octalactone aromas on Gdn-NS is explored with the significant parameters including Bader charge transfer, energy gap, average energy gap changes and adsorption energy. The sensitivity of volatiles emitting from various ripening stages of mango on Gdn-NS were explored with the influence of density of states spectrum. The outcomes of the proposed work help us to check the ripening stage and odor quality of Mangifera indica L. by Gdn-NS material using density functional theory.
description: 13 pages, 12 figures, 2 tables
Amphilophus labiatus
Creators: name: Angulo, Arturo
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Actinopterygii
Perciformes
Cichlidae
Amphilophus
Amphilophus labiatus

description: 1) Amphilophus labiatus (Günther, 1864);
Cichlidae.
Red Devil; Mojarra Picuda, Diablo Rojo (Figs. 2A–B).
Diagnosis: This species differs from the other species of the family occurring in the freshwaters of the country by the following combination of characters: teeth pointed, conical, without second cusp on premaxillary and mandibular teeth of the 1st series; lips thick and large, the lower lip continuous, without a frenum (see Bussing 1998); cheek scale series 4–5 (see Říčan et al. 2016); dorsal fin spines 16–17; and anal fin spines 6–7. Furthermore, A. labiatus differs from the closely related Amphilophus citrinellus (Günther, 1864) by having a larger (37.8–39.5% of Standard Length – SL; vs. 35.0–35.6% of SL) and thinner (Head Depth – HD = 79.9–90.9% of Head Length – HL; vs. HD = 111.5–118.9 of HL) head and a larger (42.8–43.4% of HL; vs. 40.4–41.9% of HL) snout. See Stauffer & McKaye (2002) for a detailed comparative analysis.
Basis of the record: A single specimen was captured in the río San Juan, San Carlos, Alajuela (ca 10.89057, -84.26540), at ca 26 m. a.s.l., in November 2020, by an anonymous angler. Additional specimens, identified as A. labiatus, are deposited at the fish collection of the UCR (0122-014, 0240-001, 0429-002 and 0804-005).
Remarks: Previous records in the country of this species have been assigned to the closely related A. citrinellus. This species prefers lacustrine environments, being more abundant in the Lake Nicaragua; it has rarely been captured in lotic environments (Bussing 1998). As in A. citrinellus, a polychromatism has been described for this species; with a cryptic form (grey or brown with dark bars or spots; i.e., the normal morph) and a conspicuous form (which lacks melanophores, resulting in brightly red, orange, or yellowish colored fish; i.e., the gold morph), both occurring naturally (Barluenga & Meyer 2004).
description: Published as part of Angulo, Arturo, 2021, New records and range extensions to the Costa Rican freshwater fish fauna, with an updated checklist, pp. 1-72 in Zootaxa 5083 (1) on page 7, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5083.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5800630
Application-Driven Synthesis and Characterization of Hexagonal Boron Nitride on Metal and Carbon Nanotube Substrates
Creators: name: Chen, Victoria
name: Shin, Yong Cheol
name: Mikheev, Evgeny
name: Martis, Joel
name: Zhang, Ze
name: Chatterjee, Sukti
name: Majumdar, Arun
name: Goldhaber-Gordon, David
name: Pop, Eric
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) is unique among two-dimensional materials, with a large band gap (~6 eV) and high thermal conductivity (>400 W/m/K), second only to diamond among electrical insulators. Most electronic studies to date have relied on h-BN exfoliated from bulk crystals; however, for scalable applications the material must be synthesized by methods such as chemical vapor deposition (CVD). Here, we demonstrate single- and few-layer h-BN synthesized by CVD on single crystal platinum and on carbon nanotube (CNT) substrates, also comparing these films with h-BN deposited on the more commonly used polycrystalline Pt and Cu growth substrates. The h-BN film grown on single crystal Pt has a lower surface roughness and is more spatially homogeneous than the film from a polycrystalline Pt foil, and our electrochemical transfer process allows for these expensive foils to be reused with no measurable degradation. In addition, we demonstrate monolayer h-BN as an ultrathin, 3.33 $\unicode{x212B}$ barrier protecting MoS2 from damage at high temperatures and discuss other applications that take advantage of the conformal h-BN deposition on various substrates demonstrated in this work.
The thermodynamic dual structure of linear-dissipative driven systems
Creators: name: Smith, Eric
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The spontaneous emergence of dynamical order, such as persistent currents, is sometimes argued to require principles beyond the entropy maximization of the second law of thermodynamics. I show that, for linear dissipation in the Onsager regime, current formation can be driven by exactly the Jaynesian principle of entropy maximization, suitably formulated for extended systems and nonequilibrium boundary conditions. The Legendre dual structure of equilibrium thermodynamics is also preserved, though it requires the admission of current-valued state variables, and their correct incorporation in the entropy.
A search for hard X-ray bursts occurring simultaneously to fast radio bursts in the repeating FRB 121102
Creators: name: Sun, Shangyu
name: Yu, Wenfei
name: Yu, Yunwei
name: Mao, Dongming
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The nature of fast radio bursts (FRBs) is currently unknown. Repeating FRBs offer better opportunity than non-repeating FRBs since their simultaneous multi-wavelength counterparts might be identified. The magnetar flare model of FRBs is one of the most promising models which predicts high energy emission in addition to radio burst emission. To investigate such a possibility, we have searched for simultaneous and quasi-simultaneous short-term hard X-ray bursts in all the Swift/BAT event mode data which covered the periods when fast radio bursts were reported detections in the repeating FRB 121102, by making use of BAT's arcmin level spacial resolution and wide field-of-view. We did not find any significant hard X-ray bursts which occurred simultaneously to those radio bursts. We also investigated potential short X-ray bursts occurred quasi-simultaneous with those radio bursts (occurrence time differs in the range from hundreds of seconds to thousands of seconds) and concluded that even the best candidates are consistent with background fluctuations. Therefore our investigation concluded that there were no hard X-ray bursts detectable with Swift/BAT which occurred simultaneously or quasi-simultaneously with those fast radio bursts in the repeating FRB 121102.
description: accepted by The Astrophysical Journal. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1909.07626
D5.3 Pilot implementations and testing plans V2
Creators: name: Whittamsmith, Benedict
name: Jacob, Rudy
name: Kurze, Martin
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: pilots, test plans

description: Three industry partners (Proximus, Refinitiv and Deutsche Telekom) describe their pilots and testing plans for components, tools and concepts developed in SPECIAL by the consortium. The pilots and implementation plans are based on previous documents/deliverables (namely D5.1 and as well as D5.2, D1.1, D1.2, D1.3, D1.4 and subsequently D2.4, D3.2 and D3.3). This document was designed for “staging”, i.e. it will be reworked on a regular basis. The present version “Deliverable 5.3 V2” is the second iteration and includes implementation plans, first results of the (already implemented) pilots and the test plans. A final iteration of the document (V3) will be found in D5.5. Due to the different objectives and types of implementation, the industry partners were assigned one chapter each. These chapters may be read relatively independently of each other. However they all have certain aims and findings in common. These are collected in the overarching chapters 2 and 6. Since this is “V2”, neither a profound summary nor ultimate conclusions can be expected. The reader is kindly asked to take advantage of the current (mature but still preliminary) state of findings and wait for the subsequent final version of the deliverable (D5.5) for deeper insights. The present document aims at giving the reader a comprehensive view into the current state of implementation of the pilots, testing plans and already achieved as well as expected findings.
Anchovia clupeoides
Creators: name: Angulo, Arturo
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Actinopterygii
Clupeiformes
Engraulidae
Anchovia
Anchovia clupeoides

description: 2) Anchovia clupeoides (Swainson 1839);
Engraulidae.
Zabaleta Anchovy; Hachudo,Anchoveta Bocona (Figs. 2C).
Diagnosis: This species differs from the other species of the family occurring in the freshwaters of the country (Atlantic) by the following combination of characters: gill rakers very numerous, over 100 on lower limb of first gill arch (vs. usually less than 25 in the other species); and maxilla long, with its posterior tip reaching to or slightly beyond the preopercular margin (vs. maxilla short, with its tip not reaching the preopercular margin).
Basis of the record: A single specimen was captured in the río Pacuare, near the mouth of the river, Siquirres, Limón (10.21952, -83.28254), at 8 m. a.s.l., on November 17, 2004, by Jorge Picado (UCR 2840-005).
Remarks: This species inhabits estuarine areas and coastal environs; it could be considered as an opportunistic visitor of freshwater ecosystems (Robertson & Van Tassell 2019).
description: Published as part of Angulo, Arturo, 2021, New records and range extensions to the Costa Rican freshwater fish fauna, with an updated checklist, pp. 1-72 in Zootaxa 5083 (1) on pages 7-8, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5083.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5800630
Ultracold bosons in lattices with binary disorder
Creators: name: Krutitsky, K. V.
name: Thorwart, M.
name: Egger, R.
name: Graham, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum phases of ultracold bosons with repulsive interactions in lattices in the presence of quenched disorder are investigated. The disorder is assumed to be caused by the interaction of the bosons with impurity atoms having a large effective mass. The system is described by the Bose-Hubbard Hamiltonian with random on-site energies which have a discrete binary probability distribution. The phase diagram at zero temperature is calculated using several methods like a strong-coupling expansion, an exact numerical diagonalization, and a Bose-Fermi mapping valid in the hard-core limit. It is shown that the Mott-insulator phase exists for any strength of disorder in contrast to the case of continuous probability distribution. We find that the compressibility of the Bose glass phase varies in a wide range and can be extremely low. Furthermore, we evaluate experimentally accessible quantities like the momentum distribution, the static and dynamic structure factors, and the density of excited states. The influence of finite temperature is discussed as well.
title: Dagstuhl Manifestos, Table of Contents, Volume 2, Issue 1, 2012
Creators: name: Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik
Publisher: name: Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Dagstuhl Manifestos
subject: Table of Contents
subject: Volume 2
subject: Issue 1
subject: 2012

description: Dagstuhl Manifestos, Table of Contents, Volume 2, Issue 1, 2012
description: Dagstuhl Manifestos, Volume 2, Issue 1, pages i-ii
Fast energy transfer mediated by multi-quanta bound states in a nonlinear quantum lattice
Creators: name: Falvo, Cyril
name: Pouthier, Vincent
name: Eilbeck, J. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: By using a Generalized Hubbard model for bosons, the energy transfer in a nonlinear quantum lattice is studied, with special emphasis on the interplay between local and nonlocal nonlinearity. For a strong local nonlinearity, it is shown that the creation of v quanta on one site excites a soliton band formed by bound states involving v quanta trapped on the same site. The energy is first localized on the excited site over a significant timescale and then slowly delocalizes along the lattice. As when increasing the nonlocal nonlinearity, a faster dynamics occurs and the energy propagates more rapidly along the lattice. Nevertheless, the larger is the number of quanta, the slower is the dynamics. However, it is shown that when the nonlocal nonlinearity reaches a critical value, the lattice suddenly supports a very fast energy propagation whose dynamics is almost independent on the number of quanta. The energy is transfered by specific bound states formed by the superimposition of states involving v-p quanta trapped on one site and p quanta trapped on the nearest neighbour sites, with p=0,..,v-1. These bound states behave as independent quanta and they exhibit a dynamics which is insensitive to the nonlinearity and controlled by the single quantum hopping constant.
description: 28 pages, 8 figures
Extraction of the multiplicity dependence of Multiparton Interactions from LHC pp data using Machine Learning techniques
Creators: name: Ortiz, Antonio
name: Zepeda, Erik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Over the last years, Machine Learning (ML) methods have been successfully applied to a wealth of problems in high-energy physics. For instance, in a previous work we have reported that using ML techniques one can extract the Multiparton Interactions (MPI) activity from minimum-bias pp data. Using the available LHC data on transverse momentum spectra as a function of multiplicity, we reported the average number of MPI ($\langle N_{\rm mpi} \rangle$) for minimum-bias pp collisions at $\sqrt{s}=5.02$ and 13\,TeV. In this work, we apply the same analysis to a new set of data. We report that $\langle N_{\rm mpi} \rangle$ amounts to $3.98 \pm 1.01$ for minimum-bias pp collisions at $\sqrt{s}=7$\,TeV. These complementary results suggest a modest center-of-mass energy dependence of $\langle N_{\rm mpi} \rangle$. The study is further extended aimed at extracting the multiplicity dependence of $\langle N_{\rm mpi} \rangle$ for the three center-of-mass energies. We show that our results qualitatively agree with existing ALICE measurements sensitive to MPI. Namely, $\langle N_{\rm mpi} \rangle$ increases approximately linearly with the charged-particle multiplicity. But, it deviates from the linear dependence at large charged-particle multiplicities. The deviation from the linear trend can be explained in terms of a bias towards harder processes given the multiplicity selection at mid-pseudorapidity. The results reported in this paper provide additional evidence of the presence of MPI in pp collisions, and they can be useful for a better understanding of the heavy-ion-like behaviour observed in pp data.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures. To be published in Journ. of Phys. G: Nucl. and Part. Phys
Phonetic elicitation: Creak and glottalization, affricates and citation form
Creators: name: Sales, Henry
name: Garvin, Karee
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: mam

description: Elicitation conducted in the PhonLab (UC Berkeley). Targeted tokens focused on affricates in initial, medial and final position. Additionally includes all words from phonetic elicitations from October 11 forward in citation form rather than in a carrier phrase.
Normalization anomalies in level truncation calculations
Creators: name: Fuchs, Ehud
name: Kroyter, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We test oscillator level truncation regularization in string field theory by calculating descent relations among vertices, or equivalently, the overlap of wedge states. We repeat the calculation using bosonic, as well as fermionic ghosts, where in the bosonic case we do the calculation both in the discrete and in the continuous basis. We also calculate analogous expressions in field level truncation. Each calculation gives a different result. We point out to the source of these differences and in the bosonic ghost case we pinpoint the origin of the difference between the discrete and continuous basis calculations. The conclusion is that level truncation regularization cannot be trusted in calculations involving normalization of singular states, such as wedge states, rank-one squeezed state projectors and string vertices.
description: 1+20 pages, 6 figures. v2: Ref. added, typos corrected
Measuring ion oscillations at the quantum level with fluorescence light
Creators: name: Cerchiari, G.
name: Araneda, G.
name: Podhora, L.
name: Slodička, L.
name: Colombe, Y.
name: Blatt, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate an optical method for detecting the mechanical oscillations of an atom with single-phonon sensitivity. The measurement signal results from the interference between the light scattered by a single trapped atomic ion and that of its mirror image. The motion of the atom modulates the interference path length and hence the photon detection rate. We detect the oscillations of the atom in the Doppler cooling limit and reconstruct average trajectories in phase space. We demonstrate single-phonon sensitivity near the ground state of motion after EIT cooling. These results could be applied for motion detection of other light scatterers of fundamental interest, such as trapped nanoparticles.
description: 11 pages, 10 figures
Colossoma macropomum
Creators: name: Angulo, Arturo
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Actinopterygii
Characiformes
Serrasalmidae
Colossoma
Colossoma macropomum

description: 3) * Colossoma macropomum (Cuvier, 1816);
Serrasalmidae. Blackfin Pacu, Cachama; Colosomo, Cachama Negra, Tambaquí, Pacú (Figs. 2D–E).
Diagnosis: This exotic species can be easily identified from the species of the order occurring in the freshwaters of the country by the presence of rays in the adipose fin (vs. no rays in the adipose fin in the other Characiformes), body shape (robust and oval, with the predorsal profile strongly rounded to concave), color (usually coppery gold in the upper half, dark black in the lower and posterior half and pinkish or reddish in the lower and anterior half) and size (reaching about 1 m total length).
Basis of the record: Several captures have been recently (2017–2021) reported by artisanal and sport anglers in the lower and middle portions (1– 40 m.a.s.l.) of the Tempisque and Bebedero rivers in the north Pacific region of the country. Additional verified records came from the San Carlos River in the north (Atlantic) region of the country.
Remarks: This species was introduced by government agencies and private entities in an attempt to strengthen aquaculture activities and to control the populations of the invasive apple snail (Pomacea sp.). This species is also used in the aquarium trade.
description: Published as part of Angulo, Arturo, 2021, New records and range extensions to the Costa Rican freshwater fish fauna, with an updated checklist, pp. 1-72 in Zootaxa 5083 (1) on page 8, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5083.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5800630
title: Dagstuhl Manifestos, Table of Contents, Volume 3, Issue 1, 2013
Creators: name: Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik
Publisher: name: Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Dagstuhl Manifestos
subject: Table of Contents
subject: Volume 3
subject: Issue 1
subject: 2013

description: Dagstuhl Manifestos, Table of Contents, Volume 3, Issue 1, 2013
description: Dagstuhl Manifestos, Volume 3, Issue 1, pages i-ii
An exploration into the municipal planning implications of home based work
Creators: name: Sexsmith, Leanne Naomi
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Over the past several decades, home based work has grown to comprise a significant and varied form of work in Canada, which is expected to increase in the future. This phenomenon represents a dramatic departure from the separation of home and work place which has dominated the socio-spatial composition of our cities and suburbs for much of this century, and suggests significant implications for municipal planning. Using both a literature review and qualitative analysis of current and past planning practices in seven municipalities within the GVRD, this research explores those implications and the corresponding municipal planning response. Findings from the literature reveal that home based work is not only the outcome of changing socio-economic trends, but also a reflection of social norms, hierarchies and values, which present both issues and opportunities for social well being, transportation planning, residential quality of neighbourhoods, and economic development. Potential municipal responses are multifaceted and complementary, and focus on the creation of mixed use neighbourhoods, community economic development initiatives, and a supportive regulatory environment for home based work. Actual practices in municipalities within the GVRD reveal that while some municipalities are moving towards such responses in their plans, policies and regulations, others continue to ignore or constrain home based work. Analysis of these differences suggests a clear link between initiatives associated with home based work and broader community goals and objectives for economic development, reduced automobile use, and the creation of more complete communities that meet diverse needs and interest. Individual attitudes of local planners and politicians are also clearly influential, as is the inherent challenge in responding to and implementing processes of change. Better information about the nature and extent of home based work and its relevance to municipal planning, combined with examples of how other communities are responding, could help facilitate this process of change and contribute to the positive growth and development of home based work to the benefit of individuals, communities and regions.
A possible mass distribution of primordial black holes implied by LIGO-Virgo
Creators: name: Deng, Heling
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The LIGO-Virgo Collaboration has so far detected around 90 black holes, some of which have masses larger than what were expected from the collapse of stars. The mass distribution of LIGO-Virgo black holes appears to have a peak at $\sim30M_{\odot}$ and two tails on the ends. By assuming that they all have a primordial origin, we analyze the GWTC-1 (O1\&O2) and GWTC-2 (O3a) datasets by performing maximum likelihood estimation on a broken power law mass function $f(m)$, with the result $f\propto m^{1.2}$ for $m<35M_{\odot}$ and $f\propto m^{-4}$ for $m>35M_{\odot}$. This appears to behave better than the popular log-normal mass function. Surprisingly, such a simple and unique distribution can be realized in our previously proposed mechanism of PBH formation, where the black holes are formed by vacuum bubbles that nucleate during inflation via quantum tunneling. Moreover, this mass distribution can also provide an explanation to supermassive black holes formed at high redshifts.
description: 24 pages in revtex4, 5 figures
title: Dagstuhl Manifestos, Table of Contents, Volume 4, Issue 1, 2014
Creators: name: Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik
Publisher: name: Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Dagstuhl Manifestos
subject: Table of Contents
subject: Volume 4
subject: Issue 1
subject: 2014

description: Dagstuhl Manifestos, Table of Contents, Volume 4, Issue 1, 2014
description: Dagstuhl Manifestos, Volume 4, Issue 1, pages i-ii
Measurement of the Moments of the Hadronic Invariant Mass Distribution in Semileptonic B Decays
Creators: name: CDF Collaboration
name: Acosta, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using 180 pb^-1 of data collected with the CDF II detector at the Tevatron, we measure the first two moments of the hadronic invariant mass-squared distribution in charmed semileptonic B decays. From these we determine the non-perturbative Heavy Quark Effective Theory parameters Lambda and lambda_1, used to relate the B meson semileptonic branching ratio to the CKM matrix element |V_cb|. For a minimum lepton momentum of 0.7 GeV/c in the B rest frame me measure the first two moments of the D** --> D(*) pi component to be = (5.83 +/- 0.16(stat) +/- 0.08(syst)) GeV^2, )^2> = (1.30 +/- 0.69(stat) +/- 0.22(syst)) GeV^4. Combining these with the discrete mass terms from the D and D* mesons, we find the total moments to be - mbar_D^2 = (0.467 +/- 0.038_(stat) +/- 0.068(syst)) GeV^2, )^2> = (1.05 +/- 0.26(stat) +/- 0.13(syst)) GeV^4, where mbar_D is the spin-averaged D mass. The systematic error is dominated by the uncertainties in the world-average branching ratios used to combine the D, D* and D** contributions. The analysis makes no assumptions about the shape or resonant structure of the D** --> D(*) pi invariant mass distribution.
description: 9 pages, 3 figures, 1 table. Accepted by PRDRC for publication. Few clarifications added. Fixed a typo in the text
Magnetized filamentary gas flows feeding the young embedded cluster in Serpens South
Creators: name: Pillai, Thushara G. S.
name: Clemens, Dan P.
name: Reissl, Stefan
name: Myers, Philip C.
name: Kauffmann, Jens
name: Lopez-Rodriguez, Enrique
name: Alves, Felipe O.
name: Franco, Gabriel P.
name: Henshaw, Jonathan D.
name: Menten, Karl M.
name: Nakamura, Fumitaka
name: Seifried, Daniel
name: Sugitani, Koji
name: Wiesemeyer, Helmut
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Observations indicate that molecular clouds are strongly magnetized, and that magnetic fields influence the formation of stars. A key observation supporting the conclusion that molecular clouds are significantly magnetized is that the orientation of their internal structure is closely related to that of the magnetic field. At low column densities the structure aligns parallel with the field, whereas at higher column densities, the gas structure is typically oriented perpendicular to magnetic fields, with a transition at visual extinctions $A_V\gtrsim{}3~\rm{}mag$. Here we use far-infrared polarimetric observations from the HAWC+ polarimeter on SOFIA to report the discovery of a further transition in relative orientation, i.e., a return to parallel alignment at $A_V\gtrsim{}21~\rm{}mag$ in parts of the Serpens South cloud. This transition appears to be caused by gas flow and indicates that magnetic supercriticality sets in near $A_V\gtrsim{}21~\rm{}mag$, allowing gravitational collapse and star cluster formation to occur even in the presence of relatively strong magnetic fields.
description: 16 pages, 4 figures, Published in Nature Astronomy (August 2020). This is the authors' version before final edits. Link to the NA publication: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41550-020-1172-6
Limitations of Markov chain Monte Carlo algorithms for Bayesian Inference of phylogeny
Creators: name: Mossel, Elchanan
name: Vigoda, Eric
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: Genomics (q-bio.GN)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 60J10, 92D15 (Primary)

description: Markov chain Monte Carlo algorithms play a key role in the Bayesian approach to phylogenetic inference. In this paper, we present the first theoretical work analyzing the rate of convergence of several Markov chains widely used in phylogenetic inference. We analyze simple, realistic examples where these Markov chains fail to converge quickly. In particular, the data studied are generated from a pair of trees, under a standard evolutionary model. We prove that many of the popular Markov chains take exponentially long to reach their stationary distribution. Our construction is pertinent since it is well known that phylogenetic trees for genes may differ within a single organism. Our results shed a cautionary light on phylogenetic analysis using Bayesian inference and highlight future directions for potential theoretical work.
description: Published at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/105051600000000538 in the Annals of Applied Probability (http://www.imstat.org/aap/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)