Stemonocera longisystylis Singh & Hancock & Ramamurthy 2013, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Singh, Shakti Kumar
name: Hancock, David L.
name: Ramamurthy, V. V.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Tephritidae
Stemonocera
Stemonocera longisystylis

description: Stemonocera longisystylis sp. nov. Singh, Hancock and Ramamurthy (Figures 3E – 5I)   
 Male. Body elongate, predominantly yellow, length 4.63 mm. Mesonotum length 2.52 ± 0.55 mm. Wing length 5.04 ± 1.21 mm, breadth 1.90 ± 0.40 mm.   
 Head: yellowish brown to dark brown; frontal plate (horn) modified, short with one seta on arm and one pair at the tip; 0.63 – 1.03 mm wide (n = 3), orbital seta 1; posterior orbital seta acuminate; ocellar seta and, postocellar seta absent; vertical seta position with both inner and outer vertical seta; outer vertical, postvertical and postocellar setae all acuminate; postocular setae reduced in number and acuminate; genal setae present but minute and pale; 1.4× higher than long and 1.2× longer than face height; and frontofacial angle about equal to right angle and angular (Figures 4A and 5B, C). Face concave, receding with distinct antennal grooves and carina; 0.96× shorter than frons in length; frons and parafacial region without any markings, on each side modified to horns, only the upper pair of fronto-orbital setae arise on the frons, horn bearing single seta on each side and with the tip of each bearing two seta. Fronto-orbital plate and frontal stripe non-setulose. Eyes elongate and 1.5× higher than long. Proboscis 1.32× shorter than face in length and capitate (Figures 4A and 5B, C). Antennae 0.72× as long as face; scape, pedicel and first flagellomere 0.08×, 0.26× and 0.38× shorter than face height, respectively; first flagellomere rounded apically; arista 2.6× as long as first flagellomere, pilose or with hairs distinctly shorter than the greatest aristal width and both dorsally and ventrally placed (Figures 4A and 5B, C).   
Thorax: microtricose, pale, without inner scapular setae, and indistinguishable from surrounding vestiture; outer scapular setae dark and distinguishable from surrounding vestiture, postpronotal, dorsocentral, presutural supra-alar, acrostichal, postsutural dorsocentral and postsutural supra-alar setae present (Figures 4B and 5B). Postsutural dorsocentral seta about midway between postsutural supra-alar seta and post-alar seta. Intra-alar setae well developed, intra-postalar setae absent, scutellum setulose with two pairs of scutellar setae of which one pair apical and other basal; apical scutellar setae 0.6× shorter than basal; anterior notopleural setae present; posterior notopleural setae acuminate with an outstanding anepisternal seta, and katepisternal seta absent. Anepisternal seta dark, brown to black; and without any setulae on laterotergite. Scutal setulae acuminate, mixed dark and pale and without postcoxal metathoracic bridge; transverse suture with the lateral branches wide apart; scutum yellowish-brown with two lateral stripes which broaden basally. Postpronotal lobe entirely pale whitish or yellowish; posterior half of notopleuron and scutum dorsad of notopleuron same as ground colour without any discrete shiny black spots and median longitudinal black stripe on scutum; blackish dorsocentral stripe sometimes interrupted at transverse suture; area bordering scutoscutellar suture medially without any dark brown spot; vertical anepisternum stripes absent; katepisternite, anatergite and transverse suture without any spots; subscutellum uniformly orange brown; mediotergite uniformly black; scutum without microtrichia; dorsum of scutellum normal, flat or slightly convex, without dark and pale pattern, utmost with a narrow dark basal line; and scutellum without any isolated dark spots and black marks.  
Legs with femora swollen and unicolourous, fore femora with more than five strong black ventral setae, middle and hind femora with anteroventral and posteroventral row of small, stout setae and middle leg without feathering in male.  
 Wings similar to S. cervivornis except the ratio of marginal length of cell sc to r 1 being 1.54; ratio of pterostigmal length to width 2.4; and costal and discal bands not joined (Figures 4E and 5D).   
Abdomen predominantly dark brown, ovate or parallel sided without a prominent hump laterally; abdominal tergite fused, without medial dark stripe, isolated dark areas throughout lateral margins, and in lateral view arched, dome-like and rather rigid; setulae mixed dark, pale and acuminate; microtomentum in band-like pattern; tergite 1 broader at apex than at base and without a lateral prominent hump; tergite 5 normal and without any tergal gland; pecten on tergite 3 absent; and tergites with brown transverse band not due to microtrichia, which may be interrupted medially (Figure 4D).  
 Male genitalia: with epandrium and lateral surstylus dark brown; lateral surstylus nearly 2× as long as medial surstylus; lateral prensiseta almost as long as medial prensiseta; aedeagus nearly equal to mesonotum; aedeagal apodeme narrow, fanshaped; aedeagal glans with slight, trumpet-shaped, subapical lobe protuberance; dorsal sclerite of glans more or less smooth; medial sclerite of glans without any sculpture (Figures 4F, G and 5E, F).    Material examined   
Holotype ♂, Pakistan: Punjab (Muree hills), 2286 m, 33°54′15.12″ N, 73°23′ 25.08″ E, 3♂, (1 complete),. May 1918 (no date), Coll. Dutt. 1♂, without head, 1♂, without abdomen. PARATYPE: 2♂, same data as on holotype ().  
The holotype and all paratypes are deposited in NPC.   Distribution   
Pakistan: Muree hills   Etymology   
 The new species name is derived from longa (= long) and systyl (= post) referring to the long surstylus.    Remarks   
 This species is similar to S. cervicornis (Brunetti) in wing banding pattern except for complete costal band, short frontal plate with one seta on arm and one pair at the tip, and long posterior lobe of lateral surstyli; other difference is in the frontal setae, which are 0.5× shorter in length compared with those of S. cervicornis.
description: Published as part of Singh, Shakti Kumar, Hancock, David L. & Ramamurthy, V. V., 2013, On the species of Stemonocera Rondani (Diptera: Tephritidae) from the Indian subcontinent, pp. 945-957 in Journal of Natural History (J. Nat. Hist.) (J. Nat. Hist.) 48 (15 - 16) on pages 952-956, DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2013.830789, http://zenodo.org/record/5199073