cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The Cruel Imagination: Oriental Tortures from a Future Past in Albert Robida's Illustrations for La Guerre infernale (1908)
Creators: name: Iannuzzi, Giulia
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Albert Robida
Pierre Giffard
La Guerre infernale
ethnic stereotypes
early science fiction
Yellow Peril
Sino-European relations
Western knowledge of China

description: It was for a planned future section of his war museum entitled “Storia dell’avvenirismo – Precursori della Futurologia” (“The History of Futurism – The Forerunners of Futurology) that in 1957 Diego de Henriquez, ex-soldier and passionate collector, bought fifteen of Albert Robida’s original sketches for Pierre Giffard’s La Guerre infernale (1908) from a bookstand in Rome. Of these original illustrations (today at the Civico Museo di guerra per la pace “Diego de Henriquez” of the City of Trieste), eight are reproduced in Law, Justice and Codification in Qing China. Accompanying and drawing on their publication, this essay critically assesses Giffard and Robida’s work, outlining precedents and coeval trends as regards the representation of Chinese tortures and the Yellow Peril in early science fiction and Western public discourse. La Guerre infernale is an early work of science fiction which offers, today, a graphic example of the collective imagery of coeval times related to future wars and technologies, Chinese punishments and atrocities, and fears of the Yellow Peril. By 1908, the theme of Chinese torture, and the topos of Oriental cruelty was not unprecedented in Robida’s work, nor was it an isolated case in popular French and Western publications. Be that as it may (and perhaps precisely because it taps into broader cultural currents), the clash, in La Guerre infernale, between ethnic stereotypes, which informed the representation of Oriental brutality and sadism, and visions of a future driven by technological progress, offers a unique vantage point from which to observe and critically assess Sino-Western cultural relationships at the dawn of the Twentieth century (or at the end of a “long” Nineteenth century).
New differential equations for on-shell loop integrals
Creators: name: Drummond, James M.
name: Henn, Johannes M.
name: Trnka, Jaroslav
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a novel type of differential equations for on-shell loop integrals. The equations are second-order and importantly, they reduce the loop level by one, so that they can be solved iteratively in the loop order. We present several infinite series of integrals satisfying such iterative differential equations. The differential operators we use are best written using momentum twistor space. The use of the latter was advocated in recent papers discussing loop integrals in N=4 super Yang-Mills. One of our motivations is to provide a tool for deriving analytical results for scattering amplitudes in this theory. We show that the integrals needed for planar MHV amplitudes up to two loops can be thought of as deriving from a single master topology. The master integral satisfies our differential equations, and so do most of the reduced integrals. A consequence of the differential equations is that the integrals we discuss are not arbitrarily complicated transcendental functions. For two specific two-loop integrals we give the full analytic solution. The simplicity of the integrals appearing in the scattering amplitudes in planar N=4 super Yang-Mills is strongly suggestive of a relation to the conjectured underlying integrability of the theory. We expect these differential equations to be relevant for all planar MHV and non-MHV amplitudes. We also discuss possible extensions of our method to more general classes of integrals.
description: 39 pages, 8 figures; v2: typos corrected, definition of harmonic polylogarithms added
title: Stadiengerechte Diagnostik und Behandlung von Makulopathien aus dem pachychoroidalen Erkrankungsspektrum
Creators: name: Schworm, Benedikt
Publisher: name: Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Retina, Netzhauterkrankung, Makulopathie, Ophthalmologie
subject: 600
subject: 610
subject: FOS: Medical and Health Sciences
valueUri: http://www.oecd.org/science/inno/38235147.pdf

description: Das pachychoroidale Erkrankungsspektrum umfasst eine Reihe von Erkrankungen des Auges, bei der es durch eine Überlastung des venösen Schenkels der choroidalen Durchblutung zu Stauungsphänomenen in der Aderhaut kommt. Die Erkrankungsstadien reichen von einer Schädigung des retinalen Pigmentepithels über subretinale Flüssigkeitsansammlungen bis hin zu Neovaskularisationen und führen zu einer Verschlechterung des retinalen Funktion und damit des Sehens. Im Rahmen dieser Habilitation wurden Diagnostik und Behandlung des pachychoroidalen Erkrankungsspektrums untersucht.
Cooperation for Scalable Supervision of Autonomy in Mixed Traffic
Creators: name: Hickert, Cameron
name: Li, Sirui
name: Wu, Cathy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Multiagent Systems (cs.MA)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Advances in autonomy offer the potential for dramatic positive outcomes in a number of domains, yet enabling their safe deployment remains an open problem. This work's motivating question is: In safety-critical settings, can we avoid the need to have one human supervise one machine at all times? The work formalizes this scalable supervision problem by considering remotely located human supervisors and investigating how autonomous agents can cooperate to achieve safety. This article focuses on the safety-critical context of autonomous vehicles (AVs) merging into traffic consisting of a mixture of AVs and human drivers. The analysis establishes high reliability upper bounds on human supervision requirements. It further shows that AV cooperation can improve supervision reliability by orders of magnitude and counterintuitively requires fewer supervisors (per AV) as more AVs are adopted. These analytical results leverage queuing-theoretic analysis, order statistics, and a conservative, reachability-based approach. A key takeaway is the potential value of cooperation in enabling the deployment of autonomy at scale. While this work focuses on AVs, the scalable supervision framework may be of independent interest to a broader array of autonomous control challenges.
description: 24 pages, 20 figures, in IEEE Transactions on Robotics
Efficient entanglement purification based on noise guessing decoding
Creators: name: Roque, André
name: Cruz, Diogo
name: Monteiro, Francisco A.
name: Coutinho, Bruno C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper, we propose a novel bipartite entanglement purification protocol built upon hashing and upon the guessing random additive noise decoding (GRAND) approach recently devised for classical error correction codes. Our protocol offers substantial advantages over existing hashing protocols, requiring fewer qubits for purification, achieving higher fidelities, and delivering better yields with reduced computational costs. We provide numerical and semi-analytical results to corroborate our findings and provide a detailed comparison with the hashing protocol of Bennet et al. Although that pioneering work devised performance bounds, it did not offer an explicit construction for implementation. The present work fills that gap, offering both an explicit and more efficient purification method. We demonstrate that our protocol is capable of purifying states with noise on the order of 10% per Bell pair even with a small ensemble of 16 pairs. The work explores a measurement-based implementation of the protocol to address practical setups with noise. This work opens the path to practical and efficient entanglement purification using hashing-based methods with feasible computational costs. Compared to the original hashing protocol, the proposed method can achieve some desired fidelity with a number of initial resources up to one hundred times smaller. Therefore, the proposed method seems well-fit for future quantum networks with a limited number of resources and entails a relatively low computational overhead.
description: 16 pages
Universal Declaration of Human Rights: An Inspirational Charter
Creators: name: Marsili, Marco
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: The Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR), proclaimed by the UN Assembly on December 10, 1948, is a touchstone and an inspiration for similar instruments. The European Convention on Human Rights (ECHR), drafted by the Council of Europe in 1950, is considered the European response to the UDHR. The African (Banjul) Charter on Human and Peoples' Rights (ACHP), adopted by the Organisation of African Unity (OAU) in 1981, mirrors the UDHR. The Cairo Declaration on Human Rights in Islam (CDHRI), adopted by the Organisation of the Islamic Conference (OIC) in 1990, which follows the first Muslim instrument, the Universal Islamic declaration of human rights, adopted by the Islamic Council in 1981, can be considered the Islamic version of the UDHR. The Arab Charter on Human Rights(ACHR) adopted by the League of Arab States in 2004, embodies the principles enshrined in the UDHR. In 2012, ten Asian states, members of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN), adopted the ASEAN Human Rights Declaration (AHRD), which in its preamble recalls the UDHR. Despite references and similarities with the UDHR these instruments show limits related to religious constrains—the Islamic Shariah—that do not ensure the full implementation of fundamental human rights. Indeed, some charters are incompatible with international norms and standards on human rights since Western and Arab values diverge substantially, and these differences are reflected in such instruments. The AHRD suffers from the inspiration of autocratic regimes that promoted it and hence fails to include several key basic rights and fundamental freedoms, including the right to freedom of association. While it served as the inspiration for many similar instruments, the UDHR is still unique and inimitable.
An improved bound on the number of point-surface incidences in three dimensions
Creators: name: Zahl, Joshua
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Computational Geometry (cs.CG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We show that $m$ points and $n$ smooth algebraic surfaces of bounded degree in $\mathbb{R}^3$ satisfying suitable nondegeneracy conditions can have at most $O(m^{\frac{2k}{3k-1}}n^{\frac{3k-3}{3k-1}}+m+n)$ incidences, provided that any collection of $k$ points have at most O(1) surfaces passing through all of them, for some $k\geq 3$. In the case where the surfaces are spheres and no three spheres meet in a common circle, this implies there are $O((mn)^{3/4} + m +n)$ point-sphere incidences. This is a slight improvement over the previous bound of $O((mn)^{3/4} β(m,n)+ m +n)$ for $β(m,n)$ an (explicit) very slowly growing function. We obtain this bound by using the discrete polynomial ham sandwich theorem to cut $\mathbb{R}^3$ into open cells adapted to the set of points, and within each cell of the decomposition we apply a Turan-type theorem to obtain crude control on the number of point-surface incidences. We then perform a second polynomial ham sandwich decomposition on the irreducible components of the variety defined by the first decomposition. As an application, we obtain a new bound on the maximum number of unit distances amongst $m$ points in $\mathbb{R}^3$.
description: 17 pages, revised based on referee comments
Resource allocation for text semantic communications
Creators: name: Yan, Lei
name: Qin, Zhijin
name: Zhang, Rui
name: Li, Yongzhao
name: Li, Geoffrey Ye
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Semantic communications have shown its great potential to improve the transmission reliability, especially in the low signal-to-noise regime. However, resource allocation for semantic communications still remains unexplored, which is a critical issue in guaranteeing the semantic transmission reliability and the communication efficiency. To fill this gap, we investigate the spectral efficiency in the semantic domain and rethink the semantic-aware resource allocation issue. Specifically, taking text semantic communication as an example, the semantic spectral efficiency (S-SE) is defined for the first time, and is used to optimize resource allocation in terms of channel assignment and the number of transmitted semantic symbols. Additionally, for fair comparison of semantic and conventional communication systems, a transform method is developed to convert the conventional bit-based spectral efficiency to the S-SE. Simulation results demonstrate the validity and feasibility of the proposed resource allocation method, as well as the superiority of semantic communications in terms of the S-SE.
description: The paper has been accepted by IEEE Wireless Communications Letters
Pacific salmon and the ecological importance of variability in their flowing stream environments : the influence of hydraulics on individual behaviour and hydrology on population dynamics
Creators: name: Smith, Thomas Earle Marshall
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2022

description: Lotic organisms experience and have adapted to a high degree of spatio-temporal variability in their flowing environments. Streams play a key role in the lifecycle of Pacific salmon (genus Oncorhynchus), a group of species of high ecological, cultural, and economic importance. Conservation of salmon habitat in streams often centers on the management and restoration of physical components, such as geomorphic features and instream flows. Recent technological developments and years of government-led monitoring programs have equipped us with the tools and knowledge to further our understanding of the relationship between salmon and their flowing environments. In this thesis, I investigate the importance of variability in stream environments through the lens of both ecohydraulics and ecohydrology. In Chapter 2 (ecohydraulics), I used an observational field-study to demonstrate the importance of fine-scale turbulence and velocity gradients in mediating microhabitat selection by drift-foraging juvenile steelhead, challenging the averaged metrics traditionally used to describe and quantify fish habitat. In Chapter 3 (ecohydrology), I compiled a database of historical records of stream discharge and salmon production across British Columbia, Washington State, and Oregon, in order to explore key drivers in the relationship between interannual variation in flow conditions and juvenile salmon production across broader spatio-temporal scales in the region. Together, both chapters highlight the ecological importance of variability in the flowing environment for Pacific salmon across spatio-temporal scales, highlighting potential mechanisms driving this relationship in both the context of individual behaviour and population dynamics. Such information is especially important given that climate change is causing shifts in the global hydrological cycle, potentially impacting Pacific salmon populations. By exploring this topic through different lenses, this document provides useful insights in the integration of scientific disciplines which allows us to move towards more system-based approaches in resource management and species conservation.
The impact of realistic models of mass segregation on the event rate of extreme-mass ratio inspirals and cusp re-growth
Creators: name: Amaro-Seoane, Pau
name: Preto, Miguel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: One of the most interesting sources of gravitational waves (GWs) for LISA is the inspiral of compact objects on to a massive black hole (MBH), commonly referred to as an "extreme-mass ratio inspiral" (EMRI). The small object, typically a stellar black hole (bh), emits significant amounts of GW along each orbit in the detector bandwidth. The slowly, adiabatic inspiral of these sources will allow us to map space-time around MBHs in detail, as well as to test our current conception of gravitation in the strong regime. The event rate of this kind of source has been addressed many times in the literature and the numbers reported fluctuate by orders of magnitude. On the other hand, recent observations of the Galactic center revealed a dearth of giant stars inside the inner parsec relative to the numbers theoretically expected for a fully relaxed stellar cusp. The possibility of unrelaxed nuclei (or, equivalently, with no or only a very shallow cusp) adds substantial uncertainty to the estimates. Having this timely question in mind, we run a significant number of direct-summation $N-$body simulations with up to half a million particles to calibrate a much faster orbit-averaged Fokker-Planck code. We then investigate the regime of strong mass segregation (SMS) for models with two different stellar mass components. We show that, under quite generic initial conditions, the time required for the growth of a relaxed, mass segregated stellar cusp is shorter than a Hubble time for MBHs with $M_\bullet \lesssim 5 \times 10^6 M_\odot$ (i.e. nuclei in the range of LISA). SMS has a significant impact boosting the EMRI rates by a factor of $\sim 10$ for our fiducial models of Milky Way type galactic nuclei.
description: Accepted by CQG, minor changes, a bit expanded
Additional file 1 of Comprehensive multi-omics integration identifies differentially active enhancers during human brain development with clinical relevance
Creators: name: Yousefi, Soheil
name: Deng, Ruizhi
name: Lanko, Kristina
name: Salsench, Eva Medico
name: Nikoncuk, Anita
name: van der Linde, Herma C.
name: Perenthaler, Elena
name: van Ham, Tjakko J.
name: Mulugeta, Eskeatnaf
name: Barakat, Tahsin Stefan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1: Fig. S1: Flow chart of integrative data analysis; Fig. S2: Derivation of pCRs and DAEs; Fig. S3: Enhancer-Gene predictions and target gene expression; Fig. S4: Features and motifs in DAEs and nDAEs; Fig. S5: Cell type specificity of DAEs and nDAEs; Fig. S6: Dynamics of DAEs and nDAEs in comparison to adult brain; Fig. S7: DAEs and nDAEs in human disease, related to Fig. 5; Fig. S8: Zebrafish enhancer reporter assay
Text characterization based on recurrence networks
Creators: name: Souza, Bárbara C. e
name: Silva, Filipi N.
name: de Arruda, Henrique F.
name: da Silva, Giovana D.
name: Costa, Luciano da F.
name: Amancio, Diego R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Several complex systems are characterized by presenting intricate characteristics taking place at several scales of time and space. These multiscale characterizations are used in various applications, including better understanding diseases, characterizing transportation systems, and comparison between cities, among others. In particular, texts are also characterized by a hierarchical structure that can be approached by using multi-scale concepts and methods. The multiscale properties of texts constitute a subject worth further investigation. In addition, more effective approaches to text characterization and analysis can be obtained by emphasizing words with potentially more informational content. The present work aims at developing these possibilities while focusing on mesoscopic representations of networks. More specifically, we adopt an extension to the mesoscopic approach to represent text narratives, in which only the recurrent relationships among tagged parts of speech (subject, verb and direct object) are considered to establish connections among sequential pieces of text (e.g., paragraphs). The characterization of the texts was then achieved by considering scale-dependent complementary methods: accessibility, symmetry and recurrence signatures. In order to evaluate the potential of these concepts and methods, we approached the problem of distinguishing between literary genres (fiction and non-fiction). A set of 300 books organized into the two genres was considered and were compared by using the aforementioned approaches. All the methods were capable of differentiating to some extent between the two genres. The accessibility and symmetry reflected the narrative asymmetries, while the recurrence signature provided a more direct indication about the non-sequential semantic connections taking place along the narrative.
Nonequilibrium noise as a probe of pair-tunneling transport in the BCS--BEC Crossover
Creators: name: Tajima, Hiroyuki
name: Oue, Daigo
name: Matsuo, Mamoru
name: Kato, Takeo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The detection of elementary carriers in transport phenomena is one of the most important keys to understand non-trivial properties of strongly-correlated quantum matter. Here we propose a method to identify the tunneling current carrier in strongly interacting fermions from nonequilibrium noise in the Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer to Bose--Einstein condensate crossover. The noise-to-current ratio, the Fano factor, can be a crucial probe for the current carrier. Bringing strongly-correlated fermions into contact with a dilute reservoir produces a tunneling current in between. The associated Fano factor increases from one to two as the interaction becomes stronger, reflecting the fact that the dominant conduction channel changes from the quasiparticle tunneling to the pair tunneling.
description: 7+7 pages, 4+2 figures
Breathers for the Discrete Nonlinear Schrödinger equation with nonlinear hopping
Creators: name: Karachalios, N. I.
name: Sánchez-Rey, B.
name: Kevrekidis, P. G.
name: Cuevas, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the existence of breathers and lower bounds on their power, in nonlinear Schrödinger lattices with nonlinear hopping. Our methods extend from a simple variational approach to fixed point arguments, deriving lower bounds for the power which can serve as a threshold for the existence of breather solutions. Qualitatively, the theoretical results justify non-existence of breathers below the prescribed lower bounds of the power which depend on the dimension, the parameters of the lattice as well as of the frequency of breathers. In the case of supercritical power nonlinearities we investigate the interplay of these estimates with the optimal constant of the discrete interpolation inequality. Improvements of the general estimates, taking into account the localization of the true breather solutions are derived. Numerical studies in the one dimensional lattice corroborate the theoretical bounds and illustrate that in certain parameter regimes of physical significance, the estimates can serve as accurate predictors of the breather power and its dependence on the various system parameters.
description: To be published in Journal of Nonlinear Science
Domain decomposition for data-driven reduced modeling of large-scale systems
Creators: name: Farcas, Ionut-Gabriel
name: Gundevia, Rayomand P.
name: Munipalli, Ramakanth
name: Willcox, Karen E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science (cs.CE)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper focuses on the construction of accurate and predictive data-driven reduced models of large-scale numerical simulations with complex dynamics and sparse training datasets. In these settings, standard, single-domain approaches may be too inaccurate or may overfit and hence generalize poorly. Moreover, processing large-scale datasets typically requires significant memory and computing resources which can render single-domain approaches computationally prohibitive. To address these challenges, we introduce a domain decomposition formulation into the construction of a data-driven reduced model. In doing so, the basis functions used in the reduced model approximation become localized in space, which can increase the accuracy of the domain-decomposed approximation of the complex dynamics. The decomposition furthermore reduces the memory and computing requirements to process the underlying large-scale training dataset. We demonstrate the effectiveness and scalability of our approach in a large-scale three-dimensional unsteady rotating detonation rocket engine simulation scenario with over $75$ million degrees of freedom and a sparse training dataset. Our results show that compared to the single-domain approach, the domain-decomposed version reduces both the training and prediction errors for pressure by up to $13 \%$ and up to $5\%$ for other key quantities, such as temperature, and fuel and oxidizer mass fractions. Lastly, our approach decreases the memory requirements for processing by almost a factor of four, which in turn reduces the computing requirements as well.
description: 24 pages, 15 figures
CryptSan: Leveraging ARM Pointer Authentication for Memory Safety in C/C++
Creators: name: Hohentanner, Konrad
name: Zieris, Philipp
name: Horsch, Julian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Programming Languages (cs.PL)
subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Memory safety bugs remain in the top ranks of security vulnerabilities, even after decades of research on their detection and prevention. Various mitigations have been proposed for C/C++, ranging from language dialects to instrumentation. Among these, compiler-based instrumentation is particularly promising, not requiring manual code modifications and being able to achieve precise memory safety. Unfortunately, existing compiler-based solutions compromise in many areas, including performance but also usability and memory safety guarantees. New developments in hardware can help improve performance and security of compiler-based memory safety. ARM Pointer Authentication, added in the ARMv8.3 architecture, is intended to enable hardware-assisted Control Flow Integrity (CFI). But since its operations are generic, it also enables other, more comprehensive hardware-supported runtime integrity approaches. As such, we propose CryptSan, a memory safety approach based on ARM Pointer Authentication. CryptSan uses pointer signatures to retrofit memory safety to C/C++ programs, protecting heap, stack, and globals against temporal and spatial vulnerabilities. We present a full LLVM-based prototype implementation, running on an M1 MacBook Pro, i.e., on actual ARMv8.3 hardware. Our prototype evaluation shows that the system outperforms similar approaches under real-world conditions. This, together with its interoperability with uninstrumented libraries and cryptographic protection against attacks on metadata, makes CryptSan a viable solution for retrofitting memory safety to C/C++ programs.
description: Publication in The 38th ACM/SIGAPP Symposium on Applied Computing (SAC '23)
On elliptic curves with $p$-isogenies over quadratic fields
Creators: name: Michaud-Jacobs, Philippe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11F80, 11G05, 11G18

description: Let $K$ be a number field. For which primes $p$ does there exist an elliptic curve $E / K$ admitting a $K$-rational $p$-isogeny? Although we have an answer to this question over the rationals, extending this to other number fields is a fundamental open problem in number theory. In this paper, we study this question in the case that $K$ is a quadratic field, subject to the assumption that $E$ is semistable at the primes of $K$ above $p$. We prove results both for families of quadratic fields and for specific quadratic fields.
description: Results are unchanged. The exposition has been made clearer. To appear in Canadian Journal of Mathematics
Prediction of viral spillover risk based on the mass action principle
Creators: name: Golchin, Maryam
name: Di Marco, Moreno
name: Horwood, Paul
name: Paini, Dean
name: Hoskins, Andrew
name: Hickson, R. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Infectious zoonotic disease emergence, through spillover events, is of global concern and has the potential to cause significant harm to society, as recently demonstrated by COVID-19. More than 70% of the 400 infectious diseases that emerged in the past five decades have a zoonotic origin, including all recent pandemics. There have been several approaches used to predict the risk of spillover through some of the known or suspected infectious disease emergence drivers, largely using correlative approaches. Here, we predict the spatial distribution of spillover risk by approximating general transmission through animal and human interactions. These mass action interactions are approximated through the multiplication of the spatial distribution of zoonotic viral diversity and human population density. Although our results indicate higher risk in regions along the equator and in Southeast Asia where both viral diversity and human population density are high, it should be noted that this is primarily a conceptual exercise. We compared our spillover risk map to key factors, including the model inputs of zoonotic viral diversity estimate map, human population density map, and the spatial distribution of species richness. Despite the limitations of this approach, this viral spillover map is a step towards developing a more comprehensive spillover risk prediction system to inform global monitoring.
Effect of interactions on harmonically confined Bose-Fermi mixtures in optical lattices
Creators: name: Snoek, Michiel
name: Titvinidze, Irakli
name: Bloch, Immanuel
name: Hofstetter, Walter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate a Bose-Fermi mixture in a three-dimensional optical lattice, trapped in a harmonic potential. Using Generalized Dynamical Mean-Field theory, which treats the Bose-Bose and Bose-Fermi interaction in a fully non-perturbative way, we show that for experimentally relevant parameters a peak in the condensate fraction close to the point of vanishing Bose-Fermi interaction is reproduced within a single band framework. We identify two physical mechanisms contributing to this effect: the spatial redistribution of particles when the interspecies interaction is changed and the reduced phase space for strong interactions, which results in a higher temperature at fixed entropy.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures, published version
Pentactions and action representability in the category of reduced groups with action
Creators: name: Datuashvili, Tamar
name: Şahan, Tunçar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Category Theory (math.CT)
subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 08A99, 08C05, 22F05

description: A notion of pentaction of any object in the category $\mathbf{rGr}^{\bullet}$ of reduced groups with action is introduced. The operations are defined in the set $\mathsf{Pentact}(A)$ of pentactions of an object $A$ of $\mathbf{rGr}^{\bullet}$. It is proved that if an object $A$ is perfect with zero weak stabilizer in the sense defined in the paper, then $\mathsf{Pentact}(A)$ is an object of $\mathbf{rGr}^{\bullet}$, it has a derived action on $A$, the object $A$ is action representable and $\mathsf{Pentact}(A)$ represents all actions on $A$.
description: 20 pages, research paper, LaTeX2e, xypic
Inferring Upper Mantle Flow in South America from Shear Wave Splitting
Creators: name: Chagas de Melo, Bruna
name: Assumpção
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Seismic Anisotropy
Cratons
Mantle Flow
Shear Wave Splitting
Lithosphere
Asthenosphere

description: Talk given on June 2018, at the III IAG Science Day at Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
Optical conductivity of single-layer graphene induced by temporal mass-gap fluctuations
Creators: name: Bernád, J. Z.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the dynamics of charge carriers in single-layer graphene that are subject to random temporal fluctuations of their mass gap. The optical conductivity is calculated by incorporating the quantum-stochastic time evolution into the standard linear-response (Kubo) theory. We find that, for an intermediate range of frequencies below the average gap size, electron transport is enhanced by fluctuations. At the same time, in the limit of high as well as low frequencies, the conductivity is suppressed as the variance of gap fluctuations increases. In particular, the dc conductivity is always suppressed by a random temporal mass with nonvanishing mean value and vanishes in the zero-temperature limit. Our results are complementary to those obtained recently for static random-gap disorder in finite-size systems.
description: 13 pages, 6 figures
Архивные копии к статье "Рейтинги медицинских, фармацевтических и ветеринарных ВУЗов в "ТОП-200 Украина" на подконтрольных территориях как показатель результатов военного конфликта и реформы медицинского образования"
Creators: name: Сергеевич, Шевченко Александр
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Кабінет міністрів України
МОЗ України
реформа освіти
реформа охорони здоров'я

description: Архивные копии к статье [Шевченко А.С. Рейтинги медицинских, фармацевтических и ветеринарных ВУЗов в "ТОП-200 Украина" на подконтрольных территориях как показатель результатов военного конфликта и реформы медицинского образования // Вестник Харьковского Регионального Института Проблем Общественного Здравоохранения, №5(85). - Украина, Харьков: ХРИПОЗ, 2018. - С. 37-54]:

6. [Reforms in Ukraine: Progress and Priorities / Ukraine Reform Conference, June 2018. https://www.kmu.gov.ua/storage/app/media/reform%20office/Ukraine_Reform_Conference_II_web.pdf ;

Access on Portal of Office of Reforms of the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine: https://www.kmu.gov.ua/ua/uryad-ta-organi-vladi/ofis-reform-kabinetu-ministriv-ukrainu]

http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.2652546
Exploring the Efficacy of Base Data Augmentation Methods in Deep Learning-Based Radiograph Classification of Knee Joint Osteoarthritis
Creators: name: Prezja, Fabi
name: Annala, Leevi
name: Kiiskinen, Sampsa
name: Ojala, Timo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Diagnosing knee joint osteoarthritis (KOA), a major cause of disability worldwide, is challenging due to subtle radiographic indicators and the varied progression of the disease. Using deep learning for KOA diagnosis requires broad, comprehensive datasets. However, obtaining these datasets poses significant challenges due to patient privacy concerns and data collection restrictions. Additive data augmentation, which enhances data variability, emerges as a promising solution. Yet, it's unclear which augmentation techniques are most effective for KOA. This study explored various data augmentation methods, including adversarial augmentations, and their impact on KOA classification model performance. While some techniques improved performance, others commonly used underperformed. We identified potential confounding regions within the images using adversarial augmentation. This was evidenced by our models' ability to classify KL0 and KL4 grades accurately, with the knee joint omitted. This observation suggested a model bias, which might leverage unrelated features for classification currently present in radiographs. Interestingly, removing the knee joint also led to an unexpected improvement in KL1 classification accuracy. To better visualize these paradoxical effects, we employed Grad-CAM, highlighting the associated regions. Our study underscores the need for careful technique selection for improved model performance and identifying and managing potential confounding regions in radiographic KOA deep learning.
description: 16 pages, 10 figures
Making the environmental state in Chile : knowledge, markets, and legal frameworks for biodiversity conservation
Creators: name: Rojas Marchini, María Fernanda
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2022

description: In response to pressures from intergovernmental institutions, NGOs, and environmental movements, Chile is crafting new legal and policy frameworks to increase state management and financing of biodiversity conservation. In 2014, the executive branch sent to congress a bill to create a Biodiversity and Protected Areas Service (BPAS). The BPAS, which remains in the legislature, would be a game-changer in a country that has for decades prioritized a neoliberal economic model based on the export of raw nature. Moreover, since the state ratified ILO Convention 169 in 2008 and UNDRIP in 2009, the new environmental institutions must respect the rights and views of Indigenous people – a considerable challenge given Chile’s long legacy of Indigenous land dispossession, forced displacement, and genocide. This dissertation analyzes “the making of the environmental state”: a state with sufficient institutional capacity to protect biodiversity. The questions guiding this research are: What is the character of the environmental state in Chile? How does the environmental state come into being? What is its approach to generating financial resources? And how does it relate to Indigenous people? Based on interviews with state and intergovernmental officers, Indigenous representatives, and private environmental experts, along with a review of governmental documents, I scrutinize the creation of the BPAS bill and its main economic instruments. I trace the legislative history of the BPAS bill, reviewing parliamentary debates around articles which render biodiversity economic. I then focus on one of the bill’s centerpieces, a biodiversity offsets market, analyzing the actors who participated in its crafting, the discourses justifying its implementation, and the market devices in its design. Finally, I shift gears to examine the state's relationship with Indigenous people during a consultation on the BPAS. This research suggests that the state's intimate relationship with global circuits of capital accumulation and policymaking severely restricts its capacity to implement environmental reforms. Furthermore, the environmental state in Chile is invested in internal and settler colonial logics that marginalize Indigenous practices and knowledges.
MASKE: A kinetic simulator of coupled chemical and mechanical processes driving microstructural evolution
Creators: name: Masoero, Enrico
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The microstructure of materials evolves through chemical reactions and mechanical stress, often strongly coupled in phenomena such as pressure solution or crystallization pressure. This article presents MASKE: a simulator to address the challenge of modelling coupled chemo-mechanical processes in microstructures. MASKE represents solid phases as agglomerations of particles whose off-lattice displacements generate mechanical stress through interaction potentials. Particle precipitation and dissolution are sampled using Kinetic Monte Carlo, with original reaction rate equations derived from Transition State Theory and featuring contributions from mechanical interactions. Molecules in solution around the solid are modelled implicitly, through concentrations that change during microstructural evolution and define the saturation indexes for user-defined chemical reactions. The structure and implementation of the software are explained first. Then, two examples on a nanocrystal of calcium hydroxide address its chemical equilibrium and its mechanical response under a range of imposed strain rates, involving stress-driven dissolution and recrystallization. These examples highlight MASKE's distinctive ability to simulate strongly coupled chemo-mechanical processes. MASKE is available, open-source, on GitHub.
Coverings and liftings of generalized crossed modules
Creators: name: Arici, Gamze Aytekin
name: Şahan, Tunçar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Category Theory (math.CT)
subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In the theory of crossed modules, considering arbitrary self-actions instead of conjugation allows for the extension of the concept of crossed modules and thus the notion of generalized crossed module emerges. In this paper we give a precise definition for generalized cat$^1$-groups and obtain a functor from the category of generalized cat$^1$-groups to generalized crossed modules. Further, we introduce the notions of coverings and liftings for generalized crossed modules and investigate properties of these structures. Main objective of this study is to obtain an equivalence between the category of coverings and the category of liftings of a given generalized crossed module $(A,B,α)$.
description: 17 pages, research paper, LaTeX2e, xypic
Series representations for the characteristic function of the multidimensional Markov random flight
Creators: name: Kolesnik, Alexander D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60K99, 62G30, 60K35, 60J60, 60H30

description: Two series representations of the characteristic function of the multidimensional symmetric Markov random flight with respect to Bessel functions and with respect to time variable, are given. Asymptotic formula for the second mixed moment function of the three-dimensional random flight is presented.
description: 18 pages
The effect of global warming on Western Mediterranean seagrasses: towards an agent-based modelling approach
Creators: name: Llabrés, Eva
name: Blanco-Magadán, Aina
name: Sales, Marta
name: Sintes, Tomàs
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Seagrasses are key structural elements in coastal ecosystems, and studying how temperature affects these species is crucial to anticipate the implications of global warming. In this work, we use an empirically-based numerical model to study the combined dynamics of {\it Posidonia oceanica} and {\it Cymodocea nodosa} and their resilience to sea warming. The model is parametrised using seagrass growth rates measured at the Western Mediterranean Sea. Under favorable growth conditions, our simulations predict the emergence of a coexistence region at the front between mono-specific meadows. This region can be characterised by its width and local shoot densities, which are found to depend on the coupling parameter between {\it Posidonia oceanica} and {\it Cymodocea nodosa} species. Such regions have been empirically observed in Ses Olles de Son Saura (Balearic Islands, Western Mediterranean Sea). A comparison between the field measurements at the study site with the model predictions has been used to fit the value of the coupling parameter. Field data also relates the width of the coexistence region to the average length of {\it Posidonia oceanica} leaves at the front. Remarkably, a linear relationship is found between the coupling parameter and the leaf length. In the presence of sea warming, the model predicts an exponential decay in the population of {\it Posidonia oceanica}, which is highly sensitive to temperature. This behaviour is a direct consequence of the clonal nature of the plant and can be characterised by the model parameters. Considering a scenario of high greenhouse emissions, our model forecasts that {\it Posidonia oceanica} meadows will lose 70$\%$ of their population by the year $2050$. {\it Cymodocea nodosa}, with higher thermal resilience, acts as an opportunistic species conquering the space left by the degraded {\it Posidonia oceanica}.
description: version accepted in Marine Ecology Progress Series
Role of dimension-eight operators in an EFT for the 2HDM
Creators: name: Dawson, Sally
name: Fontes, Duarte
name: Homiller, Samuel
name: Sullivan, Matthew
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Standard Model effective field theory (SMEFT) is the tool of choice for studying deviations of Higgs couplings from the Standard Model predictions. The SMEFT is an expansion in an infinite tower of higher dimension operators, which is typically truncated at dimension-6. We consider the effective theory including dimension-8 operators and examine the matching to the 2 Higgs Doublet Model (2HDM) that is assumed to be valid at some high scale. Both the limits from the direct production of single Higgs bosons and the indirect limits on the Higgs tri-linear coupling are considered in the context of the SMEFT matched to the 2HDM, and the importance of the assumptions about the expansions in powers of the high scale are examined numerically.
description: Eq. 48 corrected
Frustrated Magnetic Cycloidal Structure and Emergent Potts Nematicity in CaMn$_2$P$_2$
Creators: name: Islam, Farhan
name: Trevisan, Thaís V.
name: Heitmann, Thomas
name: Pakhira, Santanu
name: Riberolles, Simon X. M.
name: Sangeetha, N. S.
name: Johnston, David C.
name: Orth, Peter P.
name: Vaknin, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report neutron-diffraction results on single-crystal CaMn$_2$P$_2$ containing corrugated Mn honeycomb layers and determine its ground-state magnetic structure. The diffraction patterns consist of prominent (1/6, 1/6, $L$) reciprocal lattice unit (r.l.u.; $L$ = integer) magnetic Bragg reflections, whose temperature-dependent intensities are consistent with a first-order antiferromagnetic phase transition at the Néel temperature $T_{\rm N} = 70(1)$ K. Our analysis of the diffraction patterns reveals an in-plane $6\times6$ magnetic unit cell with ordered spins that in the principal-axis directions rotate by 60-degree steps between nearest neighbors on each sublattice that forms the honeycomb structure, consistent with the $P_Ac$ magnetic space group. We find that a few other magnetic subgroup symmetries ($P_A2/c$, $P_C2/m$, $P_S\bar{1}, P_C2, P_Cm, P_S1$) of the paramagnetic $P\bar{3}m11^\prime$ crystal symmetry are consistent with the observed diffraction pattern. We relate our findings to frustrated $J_1$-$J_2$-$J_3$ Heisenberg honeycomb antiferromagnets with single-ion anisotropy and the emergence of Potts nematicity