cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Etablierung einer auf RNA-Seq basierten Methode zur Charakterisierung von RNA-Polymerase-spezifischen Promotoren in Plastiden von Arabidopsis thaliana
Creators: name: Rott, Julia
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 570

description: Plastiden enthalten ein eigenes Genom, welches von RNA-Polymerasen unterschiedlichen Ursprungs transkribiert wird. Dikotyle Pflanzen besitzen neben einer plastidkodierten RNA-Polymerase vom Eubakterientyp (PEP) zwei kernkodierte RNA-Polymerasen des Phagentyps (NEPs), die in Plastiden importiert werden, RPOTp und RPOTmp. In der vorliegenden Arbeit sollten die Rollen der plastidären RNA-Polymerasen im Modellorganismus A. thaliana festgestellt werden. Die erfolgreich optimierte Methode der differentiellen RNA-Sequenzierung ermöglichte die Identifizierung von 121 TSS, welche im Plastom zur Transkription genutzt werden. Die vorliegende Arbeit zeigt, dass sowohl RPOTp als auch RPOTmp wichtige Funktionen in der plastidären Transkription erfüllen und überlappende wie spezifische Rolle besitzen. Für PEP wurde eine noch unbekannte Funktion während der Imbibierung und früher Samenkeimung gezeigt, bei der PEP präferentiell rRNAs und tRNAs transkribiert.
description: Transcription in plastids of higher plants is dependent on two different transcriptional machineries, the plastid-encoded RNA polymerase (PEP) and a nuclear-encoded RNA polymerase (NEP). In plastids of dicotyledonous plants, the NEP activity is represented by two RNA polymerases, RPOTp and RPOTmp. This project was aimed to determine the function of the RNA polymerases in the plastid by generating a genome-wide map of TSS usage in A. thaliana. After a successful optimization of a differential RNA sequencing method, a total of 121 TSS used by the different polymerases in the plastid were identified. This thesis presents important functions for both RPOTp and RPOTmp in plastid transcription. The polymerases display the NEP activity with individually specific as well as overlapping roles. A novel PEP function in the early developmental stages of A. thaliana is presented in this work. During imbibition and seed germination, PEP transcribes preferentially tRNAs and rRNAs.
Once more on the Witten index of 3d supersymmetric YM-CS theory
Creators: name: Smilga, A. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The problem of counting the vacuum states in the supersymmetric 3d Yang-Mills-Chern-Simons theory is reconsidered. We resolve the controversy between its original calculation by Witten at large volumes and the calculation based on the evaluation of the effective Lagrangian in the small volume limit. We show that the latter calculation suffers from uncertainties associated with the singularities in the moduli space of classical vacua where the Born-Oppenheimer approximation breaks down. We also show that these singularities can be accurately treated in the Hamiltonian Born-Oppenheimer method, where one has to match carefully the effective wave functions on the Abelian valley and the wave functions of reduced non-Abelian QM theory near the singularities. This gives the same result as original Witten's calculation.
description: 27 pages
Kempioconcha subolivacea
Creators: name: Muratov, Igor V.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2010
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Mollusca
Gastropoda
Stylommatophora
Achatinidae
Kempioconcha
Kempioconcha subolivacea

description: Kempioconcha cf. subolivacea (Smith, 1890)
 Fig. 24 A single shell found inland is about the same size but not as widely conical with straight outlines as in the original description of Buliminus olivaceus J.S. Gibbons in Taylor 1877 preoccupied: 253, pl. 2, fig. 5; (19.35× 7.92 mm) from “Bawri Island, Zanzibar, Channel”. Differs from the following species by the proportionally higher shell with much smaller apical whorls.
description: Published as part of Muratov, Igor V., 2010, Terrestrial molluscs of Cabo Delgado and adjacent inland areas of north-eastern Mozambique, pp. 255 in African Invertebrates 51 (2) on page 269, DOI: 10.5733/afin.051.0203, http://zenodo.org/record/10268367
title: Peace Initiatives
title: Peace Initiatives
Creators: name: Kennedy, Ross
Publisher: name: BSB - Bavarian State Library
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Weltkrieg [1914-1918]
subject: Friedensbemühung
subject: World War, 1914-1918--Peace
subject: World War, 1914-1918--Diplomatic history

description: This paper examines major peace initiatives during World War I. It describes efforts by the chief European belligerents to split apart enemy coalitions with separate peace settlements as well attempts by the United States and socialist Russia to spark general peace talks. The paper argues that peace initiatives failed because both sides defined their war aims in existential terms and both perceived their chances of victory on the battlefield as fairly high.
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
Chemical-Potential Route: A Hidden Percus-Yevick Equation of State for Hard Spheres
Creators: name: Santos, Andrés
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The chemical potential of a hard-sphere fluid can be expressed in terms of the contact value of the radial distribution function of a solute particle with a diameter varying from zero to that of the solvent particles. Exploiting the explicit knowledge of such a contact value within the Percus--Yevick (PY) theory, and using standard thermodynamic relations, a hitherto unknown PY equation of state, $p/ρk_BT=-(9/η)\ln(1-η)-(16-31η)/2(1-η)^2$, is unveiled. This equation of state turns out to be better than the one obtained from the conventional virial route. Interpolations between the chemical-potential and compressibility routes are shown to be more accurate than the widely used Carnahan--Starling equation of state. The extension to polydisperse hard-sphere systems is also presented.
description: 5 pages, 1 figure; v2: extension to mixtures; new version of figure
title: The Song of Craonne
title: The Song of Craonne
Creators: name: Marival, Guy
Publisher: name: BSB - Bavarian State Library
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Frankreich
subject: Weltkrieg [1914-1918]
subject: Musik
subject: World War, 1914-1918--France
subject: World War, 1914-1918--Songs and music

description: The song now known as the "Chanson de Craonne" ("Song of Craonne") remains one of the most well-known First World War songs in France. Several months before the mutinies in spring 1917, its text expressed weariness due to the seemingly endless war and alluded to mass disobedience.
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
Euonyma tugelensis
Creators: name: Muratov, Igor V.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2010
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Mollusca
Gastropoda
Stylommatophora
Achatinidae
Euonyma
Euonyma tugelensis

description: Euonyma tugelensis (Melvill & Ponsonby, 1897)
Fig. 27
 Subulina tugelensis: Melvill & Ponsonby 1897: 637, pl. 17, fig. 9 (Lower Tugela River, Natal; 14× 4 mm). Five damaged shells found at two stations inland, although similar in size to Opeas cressyi Connolly, 1922 (type: 10.8× 2.8 mm) from central Mozambique, are not as elongated as that species. The largest (damaged) shell from the study area measures 8.2× 3.1 mm and is similar in size and proportions to Opeas durbanense (8.7× 3.3 mm) described by Sturany (1898: 61, pl. 2, figs 42–44) from the coast of KwaZulu-Natal. Herbert and Kilburn (2004: 133) treated durbanense as a synonym of tugelensis. Differs from the following species, as well as from common and similarly sized Allopeas clavulinum (Potiez & Michaud, 1838), by the extremely narrow umbilical slit.
description: Published as part of Muratov, Igor V., 2010, Terrestrial molluscs of Cabo Delgado and adjacent inland areas of north-eastern Mozambique, pp. 255 in African Invertebrates 51 (2) on page 270, DOI: 10.5733/afin.051.0203, http://zenodo.org/record/10268367
title: Optimierte Messenger-Applikation zur Notfallkommunikation via LoRaWAN-DTN
Creators: name: Orlov, Denis
name: Kuntke, Franz
name: Reuter, Christian
Publisher: name: Gesellschaft für Informatik e.V.
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Notfall-Messenger
subject: Usability
subject: LoRaWAN Multi-Hop
subject: Disruption Tolerant Networking (DTN)
subject: Bundle Protocol 7 (BP7)

description: Die vorliegende Arbeit präsentiert die Entwicklung einer Messenger-App mit Schwerpunkt auf Benutzerfreundlichkeit, für die Nutzung mit einem bestehenden LoRaWAN-DTN- Backend. Die App ermöglicht den Austausch von Nachrichten mit anderen Personen über ein vorhandenes Kommunikationssystem auf LoRaWAN-Basis. Das grundlegende Softwaregerüst wurde mithilfe agiler Softwareentwicklungsmethoden als Progressive-Web-App entwickelt und iterativ verbessert. Das Ergebnis ist eine plattformübergreifende App für Desktop-PCs und Android- Smartphones. Die App bietet grundlegende Messenger-Funktionen wie Kontaktverwaltung, Chatverlauf-Speicher und Benachrichtigungen. Zusätzlich enthält die App erweiterte Funktionen wie einen leicht zugänglichen SOS-Button, um Notfallnachrichten schnell absetzen zu können. Ziel der Entwicklung war es, die Gebrauchstauglichkeit gegenüber einem ersten Prototyp zu verbessern. Die App soll effektive Kommunikation zwischen Helfern und Betroffenen ermöglichen, während und nach Krisenereignissen wie beispielsweise der europäischen Flutkatastrophe 2021. In folgenden Arbeiten soll das System unter Nutzung dieser App im Einsatz getestet werden.
Low-temperature thermochronology of the northern Carlin Trend : evidence for Late Cretaceous exhumation of northern central Nevada and short duration of Carlin ore-forming hydrothermal systems
Creators: name: Cruickshanks, Moira
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2012

description: Samples were collected from Jurassic intrusions in the northern Carlin Trend to determine the thermal history of the region that was strongly affected by Late Cretaceous exhumation and Eocene hydrothermal fluid flow. Low-temperature apatite fission track and apatite and zircon (U-Th)/He thermochronology of the northern Carlin Trend records 3-4 km exhumation since the Late Jurassic. At least 1-2 km exhumation occurred during a phase of rapid exhumation between 85-60 Ma that is coincident with extensional collapse of the overthickened hinterland of the Sevier orogeny. Late Cretaceous exhumation ages provide a background against which ~40 Ma thermal anomalies associated with the formation of the Carlin-type Au deposits can be observed. In the northern Carlin Trend, a thermal halo defined by apatite fission track resetting was observed up to 400 m out from major fluid flow conduits around the Goldstrike Stock that is immediately south of the multi-million ounce Betze-Post deposit. A lack of hydrothermal alteration within the stock shows that Eocene hydrothermal fluid flow was concentrated around its edge, and that heating of the stock was predominantly conductive. Finite element modelling and forward modelling of time-temperature paths constrain the duration of a hydrothermal fluid event to on order of 10 kyr. Multiple phases of this duration of fluid flow are possible, but were either thermally isolated or were shorter-lived. The high rates of fluid flux associated with short fluid flow durations are similar to those observed in hydrothermal systems driven by forced convection or pressure-driven flow, suggesting fluid flow responsible for the formation of Carlin-type Au deposits was driven by a magmatic source or seismicity rather than free convection.
Comprehensive Obesity Prevention in Early Childhood: Promising Federal and State Initiatives
Creators: name: Banghart, Patti L.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2012
Subjects: Public health
Obesity in children
Obesity in children--Prevention
Overweight children

description: The prevalence of obese and overweight children in the United States has nearly tripled during the past 30 years. In 2010, approximately 17 percent of all children and adolescents (ages 2-19) were obese (BMI is in the 95th percentile or above). The number of obese children within each age group has also increased. Among preschool children aged 2 to 5, obesity increased from five percent to 10.4 percent between 1976-1980 and 2007-2008; from 6.5 percent to 19.6 percent among those aged 6 to 11; and among adolescents aged 12 to 19, obesity increased from five percent to 18.1 percent during the same period. Being obese or overweight is harmful for a child's short-term and long-term development. Obese and overweight children are more likely to be sick more often, perform more poorly in school, have poorer emotional wellbeing, and are at greater risk for chronic health problems than children who are not obese or overweight. Childhood obesity can also lead to an array of health problems later in life including a higher risk of being an obese adult. Without concerted interventions to reduce childhood obesity, the life expectancy for today's children will be shorter than that of their parents. Even the nation's youngest children are at risk for obesity. Approximately one of every four children ages 2 to 5 years in the United States has a high (> 85th percentile) body mass index and about one in 10 is obese (> 95th percentile). The increased number of obese and overweight children under 5 suggests that obesity prevention should occur early in life to be the most effective. Research indicates that food intake patterns are established in early childhood, predict a child's eating habits as an adult, and have long-term effects on health and metabolism. Likewise, evidence suggests that higher levels of physical activity are associated with a reduced risk of excessive weight gain over time in younger children. Parents and caregivers of young children, therefore, play a large role in helping children form healthy eating and physical activity habits.
D7.3 Dissemination strategy and activities
Creators: name: Kumar, Gulshan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Dissemination
Events
Workshop
Social Media

description: This deliverable lists the main dissemination actions performed within the 1st year of the project as well as lists the strategical plan for proceeding years to disseminate various findings and events organized by the COLLABS partners.
title: KI-Technologieentwicklung und Bildung als miteinander in Beziehung stehende Aufgaben für die Lehrerbildung
Creators: name: Seegerer, Stefan
name: Gläser-Zikuda, Michaela
name: Hofmann, Florian
name: Romeike, Ralf
Publisher: name: Gesellschaft für Informatik e.V.
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Lehrerbildung
subject: Portfolio
subject: KI-gestützte Reflexion
subject: Datenanalyse
subject: KI-Bildung
subject: Feedback

description: Der Beitrag stellt einen Forschungsansatz zur Adressierung von Chancen und Herausfor- derungen des Einsatzes von KI in der Lehrerbildung im Portfoliokontext vor. Im Fokus steht die Frage, wie die Professionalisierung von Lehramtsstudierenden sowie die Hochschullehre durch den Einsatz Künstlicher Intelligenz in Abstimmung mit der Kompetenzentwicklung der Lernenden und Lehrenden im Bereich KI unterstützt werden können. Neben der forschungsbasierten Entwicklung geeigneter KI-Methoden gilt hierbei ein besonderes Augenmerk der KI-Bildung der Studierenden, um auch die notwendigen motivationalen und volitionalen Voraussetzungen für den Einsatz eines KI-Systems zu berücksichtigen.
Perrault's watch and Beltrami's pseudosphere: A story without a moral
Creators: name: Bartocci, Claudio
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: If a specter haunted 19th century mathematics, it was the specter of the pseudosphere, i.e. the two-dimensional space with constant negative curvature. Already toward the end of the previous century, Johann Heinrich Lambert (1728 1777), in his original investigation about Euclid’s fifth postulate,1 hinted that the angles of a triangle could sum to less than two right angles in the case where the triangle lies on an "imaginary sphere" (imaginäre Kugelfläche) [Lambert 1895, p. 203]. Lambert’s highly speculative remark was suggested by the «analogie entre le cercle et l’hyperbole» he had already exploited in his work on the irrationality of pi [Lambert 1768]; however, it would have been impossible to express that insight in a mathematically more definite form simply because, at the time, essential geometrical notions – first of all, that of curvature – were still to be developed.
title: War Cemeteries (Germany)
title: War Cemeteries (Germany)
Creators: name: Brandt, Susanne
Publisher: name: BSB - Bavarian State Library
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Deutschland
subject: Weltkrieg [1914-1918]
subject: Soldatenfriedhof
subject: World War, 1914-1918
subject: Germany
subject: Cemeteries

description: During the interwar years, mourning and political exploitation were often closely linked in the commemoration of those killed in the First World War. While the development of German war cemeteries in France and Belgium began in the mid-1920s, numerous military cemeteries in Eastern and South Eastern Europe were not inaugurated until the end of the Cold War. At present, German commemoration is marked by the idea of reconciliation and the conviction that the death of millions was futile.
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
New Kludge Scheme for the Construction of Approximate Waveforms for Extreme-Mass-Ratio Inspirals
Creators: name: Sopuerta, Carlos F.
name: Yunes, Nicolás
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce a new kludge scheme to model the dynamics of generic extreme mass-ratio inspirals (stellar compact objects spiraling into a spinning supermassive black hole) and to produce the gravitational waveforms that describe the gravitational-wave emission of these systems. This scheme combines tools from different techniques in General Relativity: It uses a multipolar, post-Minkowskian (MPM) expansion for the far-zone metric perturbation (which provides the gravitational waveforms, here taken up to mass hexadecapole and current octopole order) and for the local prescription of the self-force (since we are lacking a general prescription for it); a post-Newtonian expansion for the computation of the multipole moments in terms of the trajectories; and a BH perturbation theory expansion when treating the trajectories as a sequence of self-adjusting Kerr geodesics. The orbital evolution is thus equivalent to solving the geodesic equations with time-dependent orbital elements, as dictated by the MPM radiation-reaction prescription. To complete the scheme, both the orbital evolution and wave generation require to map the Boyer-Lindquist coordinates of the orbits to the harmonic coordinates in which the different MPM quantities have been derived, a mapping that we provide explicitly in this paper. This new kludge scheme is thus a combination of approximations that can be used to model generic inspirals of systems with extreme mass ratios to systems with more moderate mass ratios, and hence can provide valuable information for future space-based gravitational-wave observatories like LISA and even for advanced ground detectors. Finally, due to the local character in time of our MPM self-force, this scheme can be used to perform studies of the possible appearance of transient resonances in generic inspirals.
description: RevTeX 4.1. 35 pages, 10 Figures, 3 Tables. Version to match the published article in Physical Review D
title: Warfare 1914-1918 (East Central Europe)
title: Warfare 1914-1918 (East Central Europe)
Creators: name: Szlanta, Piotr
name: Richter, Klaus
Publisher: name: BSB - Bavarian State Library
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Ostmitteleuropa
subject: Weltkrieg [1914-1918]
subject: World War, 1914-1918--Campaigns--Eastern Front

description: Unlike the war on the Western Front, warfare in East Central Europe during the First World War was characterised by comparatively rapid movements, especially in 1915 and 1917/18. This manifested itself in a lower degree of trench warfare and the increased importance of cavalry. In 1918/19, the emerging states of Poland, Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania established their own national armies to fight against the Bolshevik troops. While Poland could rely on the Polish Legions already established during World War I, the efforts of the Baltic states were severely hampered by German troops and counterrevolutionary White Guards.
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
Who Benefits from Postsecondary Occupational Education? Findings from the1980s and 1990s
Creators: name: Bailey, Thomas R.
name: Kienzl, Gregory S.
name: Marcotte, David
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2004
Subjects: Community college students--Education
Community colleges
Vocational education

description: Technological changes in the workplace have placed considerable pressure on the U.S. educational system to prepare students for increasingly skillbased occupations. Employers reward new hires for having the skills or credentials needed for their job, underscoring the importance of having either the requisite “tools in your toolbox,” or some basic academic preparation to continue on into postsecondary education. This stress on knowledge acquisition has contributed to a growing wage gap between high school and college graduates. Whether occupational education at the high school level, with its focus on immediate workforce entry after high school, adequately prepares students for college is a public concern. Since students who enroll in these programs are less likely to transfer to a four-year college to obtain a bachelor’s degree, occupational education is criticized for hampering their future earnings. Some of the criticisms of postsecondary occupational education could be allayed if the economic benefits were equal to (or greater than) those of other types of education. This brief investigates the economic benefits of a community college education by analyzing the effects on post-college earnings of a student’s program of study (occupational or academic), the amount of schooling accumulated with and without attaining a degree, and the type of credential earned.
Uninsurable Risk and the Determination of Real Interest Rates: An Investigation Using UK Indexed Bonds
Creators: name: Barr, David
name: Basu, Parantap
name: Wada, Kenji
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2012
Subjects: Finance

description: This paper investigates the empirical performance of a new class of uninsurable risk models in the context of UK indexed bond market. Using closed form expressions for pricing kernels, we test the ability of three consumption-based models to price indexed bonds in the UK, and find that the standard general equilibrium, complete markets model is soundly rejected in favour of two uninsurable-risk models. Using the estimated bond price equation, impulse response analysis is undertaken to understand the effects of three macroeconomic fundamental shocks on real interest rates. In contrast to the estimates that typically arise in equity markets, the estimated coefficient of relative risk aversion is found to be small in this class of models with uninsurable risk.
title: Process Mining und Künstliche Intelligenz in der Beschaffung
Creators: name: Barenkamp, Marco
name: Moualeu-Ngangue, Dany
Publisher: name: Gesellschaft für Informatik e.V.
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Process Mining
subject: Künstliche Intelligenz
subject: Beschaffung
subject: Procurement
subject: Optimierung
subject: Machine Learning
subject: Zeitreihenanalyse

description: Die wachsende Bedeutung der betrieblichen Beschaffung für den Unternehmenserfolg ist auf die Internationalisierung der Beschaffungsmärkte und den Einsatz neuer Technologien zurückzuführen. Die steigende Komplexität und mangelnde Transparenz der Lieferketten und Beschaffungsprozesse stellen jedoch Herausforderungen dar, die durch den Einsatz veralteter Technologien und manueller Prozesse oft verschärft werden. Moderne Technologien wie Process Mining und Künstliche Intelligenz können zur Lösung dieser Probleme beitragen, indem sie Prozesse visualisieren, Ineffizienzen aufdecken und große Mengen von Daten schnell analysieren. Durch die Automatisierung von Routineaufgaben wird die Effizienz erhöht und gleichzeitig Raum für strategische Initiativen wie weitere Digitalisierung und Automatisierung geschaffen. Die Analyse und Integration von Unternehmensdaten in Echtzeit ermöglichen fundierte Entscheidungen und eine verbesserte Risikosteuerung. In diesem Paper wird der Einsatz von Process Mining und Künstlicher Intelligenz (KI) in der Beschaffung eines real durchgeführten Projekts vorgestellt, um, unter Berücksichtigung von Konzepten des Maschinellen Lernens (ML) zur Optimierung des Beschaffungsprozesses in Unternehmen, langfristig Kostensenkungen, optimale Lagerbestände, erhöhte Produktivität, bessere Prozesstransparenz sowie Qualitätssteigerungen zu erreichen. Eingesetzt wurde dabei das Konzept der Zeitreihenanalyse in Verbindung mit Maschinellem Lernen. Es wurden dabei verschiedene Strategien an Prognosen, einschließlich direkter, rekursiver und mehrstufiger Ansätze, sowie Methoden zur Datenextraktion und Merkmalsextraktion eingesetzt und vorgestellt.
title: Artificial Intelligence meets Serious Gaming
Creators: name: Freese, Maria
name: Zürn, Birgit
name: Arlinghaus, Julia
Publisher: name: Gesellschaft für Informatik e.V.
Year: 2023

description: Hardly any other topic is currently being discussed as much as the use of artificial intelligence (AI). Considering studies [Li20], [Si22] showing that the use of AI still evokes skepticism and fear among the population, as well as the increasing tendency to cooperate with AI, tools are needed to inform humans about AI, make AI and associated risks and measures to deal with these risks transparent by providing a safe space for discussion. Serious games provide this framework. They are defined as games that, in addition to entertainment, pursue serious objectives [Sc23] and can be used in different application areas. Cards for Artificial Intelligence4 is an analogue round-based card game that can be experienced with up to eight players. The goal of this game is to raise awareness about topics around AI by reflecting on risks and subsequently measures to mitigate these risks. At the beginning of each round, one scenario is chosen by the game facilitator. The goal in the game is to score as many points as possible by choosing and arguing the most appropriate risks (first phase) for the introduced scenario and measures (second phase) to mitigate these risks. This game is seen as a discussion starter. Theoretical feedback loops are important to guarantee learning (e.g., ranking the selected risks in a risk matrix).
title: War Finance (Belgium)
title: War Finance (Belgium)
Creators: name: Luyten, Dirk
Publisher: name: BSB - Bavarian State Library
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Belgien
subject: Weltkrieg [1914-1918]
subject: Kriegsfinanzierung
subject: World War, 1914-1918--Belgium
subject: War finance

description: The Belgian monetary system evolved dramatically during World War I. The ''Société Générale'', a large private bank, replaced the National Bank as issuing house. New banknotes were printed and circulated alongside the National Bank’s notes and German marks, which led to inflation. The German occupier initiated these changes as a mechanism to enable Belgium to pay her war contributions to Germany.
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
Jets from Tidal Disruptions of Stars by Black Holes
Creators: name: Krolik, Julian H.
name: Piran, Tsvi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Tidal disruption of main sequence stars by black holes has generally been thought to lead to a signal dominated by UV emission. If, however, the black hole spins rapidly and the poloidal magnetic field intensity on the black hole horizon is comparable to the inner accretion disk pressure, a powerful jet may form whose luminosity can easily exceed the thermal UV luminosity. When the jet beam points at Earth, its non-thermal luminosity can dominate the emitted spectrum. The thermal and non-thermal components decay differently with time. In particular, the thermal emission should remain roughly constant for a significant time after the period of maximum accretion, beginning to diminish only after a delay, whereas after the peak accretion rate, the non-thermal jet emission decays, but then reaches a plateau. Both transitions are tied to a characteristic timescale $t_{\rm Edd}$ at which the accretion rate falls below Eddington. Making use of this timescale in a new parameter-inference formalism for tidal disruption events with significant emission from a jet, we analyze the recent flare source Swift J2058. It is consistent with an event in which a main sequence solar-type staris disrupted by a black hole of mass $\sim 4 \times 10^7 M_{\odot}$. The beginning of the flat phase in the non-thermal emission from this source can possibly be seen in the late-time lightcurve. Optical photometry over the first $\simeq 40$ d of this flare is also consistent with this picture, but is only weakly constraining because the bolometric correction is very uncertain. We suggest that future searches for main sequence tidal disruptions use methods sensitive to jet radiation as well as to thermal UV radiation.
description: Revised version, stressing possible observational limits on black hole and stellar masses using the Eddington transition, Accepted for publication in Ap. J
Optimal Identical Binary Quantizer Design for Distributed Estimation
Creators: name: Kar, Swarnendu
name: Chen, Hao
name: Varshney, Pramod K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We consider the design of identical one-bit probabilistic quantizers for distributed estimation in sensor networks. We assume the parameter-range to be finite and known and use the maximum Cramér-Rao Lower Bound (CRB) over the parameter-range as our performance metric. We restrict our theoretical analysis to the class of antisymmetric quantizers and determine a set of conditions for which the probabilistic quantizer function is greatly simplified. We identify a broad class of noise distributions, which includes Gaussian noise in the low-SNR regime, for which the often used threshold-quantizer is found to be minimax-optimal. Aided with theoretical results, we formulate an optimization problem to obtain the optimum minimax-CRB quantizer. For a wide range of noise distributions, we demonstrate the superior performance of the new quantizer - particularly in the moderate to high-SNR regime.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures, This paper has been accepted for publication in IEEE Transactions in Signal Processing
Kritische Gesundheitsbildung : der Weg zur informierten Entscheidung
Creators: name: Hinneburg, Jana Sophie
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 610

description: Diese kumulative Dissertation leistet durch drei Projekte einen Beitrag zur Realisierung informierter Entscheidungen mittels kritischer Gesundheitsbildung: Im ersten Projekt wurde durch die Entwicklung und Pilotierung eines Blended Learning-Schulungsprogramms für Ersteller*innen die Verbesserung der Qualität von Gesund-heitsinformationen im deutschen Sprachraum angestrebt (Publikation 1). Im zweiten Projekt wurde durch die Entwicklung und Untersuchung der Machbarkeit und Akzep-tanz eines Blended Learning-Schulungsprogramms für Ärzt*innen und Medizinstudie-rende zur Förderung ihrer Kompetenzen in evidenzbasierter Entscheidungsfindung ein wichtiges Bildungsangebot auf den Weg gebracht (Publikation 2). Beim dritten Projekt fand die Anpassung und Validierung von deutschen Items der Claim Evaluation Tools für Schüler*innen der Sekundarstufe I statt, die kritische Gesundheitskompetenz mes-sen und zur Evaluation von Schulungen zur Förderung kritischer Gesundheitskompetenz eingesetzt werden können (Publikation 3).
description: This cumulative dissertation contributes to the realisation of informed decision-making through critical health education within the framework of three projects: The first pro-ject was to develop and pilot a blended learning training programme for health infor-mation providers. The aim was to improve the quality of health information in German-speaking countries (publication 1). The second project was to develop and test the feasi-bility and acceptability of a blended learning training programme for physicians and medical students to enhance their competences in evidence-based decision-making, thus launching an important educational opportunity (publication 2). The third project was the adaptation and validation of German items of the Claim Evaluation Tools for sec-ondary school students, which measure critical health literacy and can be used to evalu-ate trainings (publication 3).
Coalitional Games for Transmitter Cooperation in MIMO Multiple Access Channels
Creators: name: Yerramalli, Srinivas
name: Jain, Rahul
name: Mitra, Urbashi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Computer Science and Game Theory (cs.GT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: C.2.1

description: Cooperation between nodes sharing a wireless channel is becoming increasingly necessary to achieve performance goals in a wireless network. The problem of determining the feasibility and stability of cooperation between rational nodes in a wireless network is of great importance in understanding cooperative behavior. This paper addresses the stability of the grand coalition of transmitters signaling over a multiple access channel using the framework of cooperative game theory. The external interference experienced by each TX is represented accurately by modeling the cooperation game between the TXs in \emph{partition form}. Single user decoding and successive interference cancelling strategies are examined at the receiver. In the absence of coordination costs, the grand coalition is shown to be \emph{sum-rate optimal} for both strategies. Transmitter cooperation is \emph{stable}, if and only if the core of the game (the set of all divisions of grand coalition utility such that no coalition deviates) is nonempty. Determining the stability of cooperation is a co-NP-complete problem in general. For a single user decoding receiver, transmitter cooperation is shown to be \emph{stable} at both high and low SNRs, while for an interference cancelling receiver with a fixed decoding order, cooperation is stable only at low SNRs and unstable at high SNR. When time sharing is allowed between decoding orders, it is shown using an approximate lower bound to the utility function that TX cooperation is also stable at high SNRs. Thus, this paper demonstrates that ideal zero cost TX cooperation over a MAC is stable and improves achievable rates for each individual user.
description: in review for publication in IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing
title: Subjectivity and Emotions (Great Britain and Ireland)
title: Subjectivity and Emotions (Great Britain and Ireland)
Creators: name: Meyer, Jessica
Publisher: name: BSB - Bavarian State Library
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Großbritannien
subject: Weltkrieg [1914-1918]
subject: Psychische Belastung
subject: World War, 1914-1918--Great Britain
subject: Psychological aspects

description: This article assesses the place of shell shock in the subjective experience of British servicemen in the First World War. It looks at the role of morale in recruiting and organising the British armed forces, the challenges that trench warfare posed to ideals of soldierly masculinity and the physical and emotional responses of men to these challenges. It examines the diagnosis, treatment and long term effects of the condition known as shell shock. Finally it explores the extent to which emotional resilience characterised British responses to the challenges posed to masculine identity by the war.
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
Biological implications of high-energy cosmic ray induced muon flux in the extragalactic shock model
Creators: name: Atri, Dimitra
name: Melott, Adrian L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: A ~ 62 My periodicity in fossil biodiversity has been observed in independent studies of paleontology databases over ~0.5Gy. The period and phase of this biodiversity cycle coincides with the oscillation of our solar system normal to the galactic disk with an amplitude ~70 parsecs and a period ~64 My. Our Galaxy is falling toward the Virgo cluster, forming a galactic shock at the north end of our galaxy due to this motion, capable of accelerating particles and exposing our galaxy's northern side to a higher flux of cosmic rays. These high-energy particles strike the Earth's atmosphere initiating extensive air showers, ionizing the atmosphere by producing charged secondary particles. Secondary particles such as muons produced as a result of nuclear interactions are able to reach the ground and enhance the biological radiation dose. Using a Monte Carlo simulation package CORSIKA, we compute the biological dose resulting from enhanced muon exposure from cosmic rays and discuss their implications for terrestrial biodiversity variations.
description: Accepted for publication in Geophysical Research Letters
title: Towards Identifying GDPR-Critical Tasks in Textual Business Process Descriptions
Creators: name: Nake, Leonard
name: Kuehnel, Stephan
name: Bauer, Laura
name: Sackmann, Stefan
Publisher: name: Gesellschaft für Informatik e.V.
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Legal Compliance
subject: General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR)
subject: Business Process
subject: Task Identification

description: Complying with data protection regulations is an essential duty for organizations since violating them would lead to monetary penalties from authorities. In Europe, the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) defines personal data and requirements for dealing with this type of data. Hence, organizations must identify business activities that deal with personal data to establish measures to fulfill these requirements. Especially for large organizations, a manual identification can be labor-intensive and error-prone. However, textual business process descriptions, such as work instructions, provide valuable insights into the data used in organizations. Therefore, we propose a first approach to automatically identify GDPR-critical tasks in textual business process descriptions. More specifically, we use a supervised machine learning algorithm to automatically identify whether a task deals with personal data or not. A first evaluation of our approach with a dataset of 37 process descriptions containing 509 activities demonstrates that our approach generates satisfactory results.
title: Science and Technology (Germany)
title: Science and Technology (Germany)
Creators: name: Schwarz, Angela
Publisher: name: BSB - Bavarian State Library
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Deutschland
subject: Weltkrieg [1914-1918]
subject: Technik
subject: World War, 1914-1918--Technology
subject: Germany

description: During the war years contemporaries already coined phrases like "machine warfare", "mechanised battlefield", "war of engineers" or "war of the chemists" to describe the kind of warfare they were experiencing. In collective memory innovations or adaptations for use in conflict such as planes, ships, submarines, tanks, poison gas and, less apparent but more effective, guns and explosives stand out. But the truly revolutionary transformations occurred on the level of organisation resulting in a new cooperation of scientists and engineers, industrialists and military leaders, the "academic-military-industrial complex". Much of it came about due to the commitment of experts.
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
Pure spin current in a two-dimensional topological insulator
Creators: name: An, Xing-Tao
name: Zhang, Yan-Yang
name: Liu, Jian-Jun
name: Li, Shu-Shen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We predict a mechanism to generate a pure spin current in a two-dimensional topological insulator. As the magnetic impurities exist on one of edges of the two-dimensional topological insulator, a gap is opened in the corresponding gapless edge states but another pair of gapless edge states with opposite spin are still protected by the time-reversal symmetry. So the conductance plateaus with the half-integer values $e^2/h$ can be obtained in the gap induced by magnetic impurities, which means that the pure spin current can be induced in the sample. We also find that the pure spin current is insensitive to weak disorder. The mechanism to generate pure spin currents is generalized for two-dimensional topological insulators.
description: 5 pages, 6 figures
Eclogite xenoliths from the Jericho and Muskox kimberlites, Nunavut, Canada
Creators: name: Beausoleil, Yvette Léa
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2012

description: A total of 109 eclogite xenoliths from the Jericho and Muskox kimberlites (Nunavut, Canada) were studied petrographically and mineralogically to constrain their depth distribution within the Northern Slave mantle. The eclogites are dominated by pyrope-almandine and omphacite with accessory rutile, apatite and olivine. Garnet-clinopyroxene thermobaromtry suggests that Northern Slave eclogites formed at 670 -1300 °C and 25 – 70 kbar. Eclogites were classified into Group A, B, or C based on mineral composition and into massive and foliated textural types. Group A Northern Slave eclogites may have formed as cumulates from mantle mafic melts, whereas Group B and C eclogites are interpreted as modified subducted oceanic crust. All Northern Slave eclogites were subjected to partial melting and recrystallization, which produced secondary high-MgO garnet and clinopyroxene, phlogopite, amphibole carbonates and spinel group minerals. The recrystallization was caused by an influx of carbonatitic and hydrous hot fluid. The most recent heating event immediately predating kimberlite eruption resulted in garnet and clinopyroxene zoning. Diamondiferous eclogites from the Northern Slave are always massive and belong mostly to Group A. The majority of diamondiferous eclogites from the Northern Slave occur at shallower depths than those from the Central Slave craton. The criteria for distinguishing diamondiferous eclogites based on high Na₂O content in garnet and high K₂O content in clinopyroxenes can be applied only to Muskox eclogites. The high Mg content in both garnet and clinopyroxene best distinguishes the diamondiferous eclogites from Jericho. A model with multiple subducted slabs of oceanic crust below the Slave craton is proposed. The deepest subducted slab (190 – 210 km) dated at 1.88 – 1.84 Ga below the Central Slave extends to shallower depths of 170 – 185 km below the Northern Slave. Another slab (1.95 – 1.91 Ga) that occurs at 140 – 160 km below the Central Slave may extend to the north where it becomes progressively thicker from imbrication. The shallowest (120 – 130 km) and oldest (2.67 – 2.6 Ga) slab occurs only below the Northern Slave. Eclogites of mantle origin formed in mafic magma chambers, which existed only below the Northern Slave at 135 – 150 km depths.
Employment Outcomes of Community College Information Technology Students
Creators: name: Van Noy, Michelle
name: Trimble, Madeline Joy
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2010
Subjects: Community college students--Education
Community colleges

description: Understanding the role of subbaccalaureate programs in preparing students for the workforce has become increasingly important, particularly in quickly changing fields that require well-trained technical workers, such as information technology (IT). To better understand the role of community colleges in educating IT workers, we examined two key issues: (1) students‘ employment outcomes by the type of community college IT preparation they complete, and (2) the type of employers that tend to hire community college IT students. Specifically, we analyzed data on students who were enrolled in an IT program at any Washington State community and technical college during the 2000-01 academic year and who completed their program or left college by the spring of the 2004-05 academic year. We examined information on students‘ course-taking in college and their employment before, during, and after their college enrollment. Our investigation of employment outcomes by type of community college preparation suggests that employers prefer workers with higher-level credentials. Of the four groups we analyzed, students with both an associate degree and a certificate in IT had the strongest employment outcomes in terms of likelihood of employment, hours worked, and earnings. They were followed by students with an IT associate degree, and then by students with an IT certificate. Students who earned no credential but concentrated their study in IT by completing four or more courses had the weakest employment outcomes, underscoring the importance of completing full programs and earning a credential. Compared with workers overall, IT students were more likely to work for medium sized employers. They were also more likely to be employed in temporary services and educational services industries. Our findings highlight the importance of community college efforts to engage with the full range of local employers as well as the potential need for different engagement strategies, depending on the employer.
Spin-orbit field switching of magnetization in ferromagnetic films with perpendicular anisotropy
Creators: name: Wang, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: As an alternative to conventional magnetic field, the effective spin-orbit field in transition metals, derived from the Rashba field experienced by itinerant electrons confined in a spatial inversion asymmetric plane through the s-d exchange interaction, is proposed for the manipulation of magnetization. Magnetization switching in ferromagnetic thin films with perpendicular magnetocrystalline anisotropy can be achieved by current induced spin-orbit field, with small in-plane applied magnetic field. Spin-orbit field induced by current pulses as short as 10 ps can initiate ultrafast magnetization switching effectively, with experimentally achievable current densities. The whole switching process completes in about 100 ps.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures