cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Deep Placental Vessel Segmentation for Fetoscopic Mosaicking
Creators: name: Bano, Sophia
name: Vasconcelos, Francisco
name: Shepherd, Luke M.
name: Poorten, Emmanuel Vander
name: Vercauteren, Tom
name: Ourselin, Sebastien
name: David, Anna L.
name: Deprest, Jan
name: Stoyanov, Danail
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: During fetoscopic laser photocoagulation, a treatment for twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome (TTTS), the clinician first identifies abnormal placental vascular connections and laser ablates them to regulate blood flow in both fetuses. The procedure is challenging due to the mobility of the environment, poor visibility in amniotic fluid, occasional bleeding, and limitations in the fetoscopic field-of-view and image quality. Ideally, anastomotic placental vessels would be automatically identified, segmented and registered to create expanded vessel maps to guide laser ablation, however, such methods have yet to be clinically adopted. We propose a solution utilising the U-Net architecture for performing placental vessel segmentation in fetoscopic videos. The obtained vessel probability maps provide sufficient cues for mosaicking alignment by registering consecutive vessel maps using the direct intensity-based technique. Experiments on 6 different in vivo fetoscopic videos demonstrate that the vessel intensity-based registration outperformed image intensity-based registration approaches showing better robustness in qualitative and quantitative comparison. We additionally reduce drift accumulation to negligible even for sequences with up to 400 frames and we incorporate a scheme for quantifying drift error in the absence of the ground-truth. Our paper provides a benchmark for fetoscopy placental vessel segmentation and registration by contributing the first in vivo vessel segmentation and fetoscopic videos dataset.
description: Accepted at MICCAI 2020
IS 'GETTING THE PRICES RIGHT' ALWAYS RIGHT? HOW TRADE LIBERALIZATION CAN FAIL
Creators: name: Gaitan, Beatriz
name: Pavel, Ferdinand
name: Gaitan, Beatriz
name: Pavel, Ferdinand
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Imperfect Competition
subject: Oligopsony
subject: International Trade
subject: Growth and Development
subject: Transition Economies

description: We present a general equilibrium model with oligopsonistic market structure in one of the sectors. Buyers of inputs can set the price of inputs by being involved in rent seeking activities. The framework developed is applied to the Bulgarian economy in particular to the agro-food chain. From the application to the Bulgarian economy we find that if there are market imperfections, such as oligopsonistic behavior in the economy, there are no significant welfare gains from free trade. Significant welfare gains from trade are observed only when a competitive structure prevails. We show that eliminating this market imperfection can bring important welfare implications and an efficient reallocation of resources.
Kinetics of growth process controlled by mass-convective fluctuations and finite-size curvature effects
Creators: name: Gadomski, A.
name: Siodmiak, J.
name: Santamaria-Holek, I.
name: Rubi, J. M.
name: Ausloos, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this study, a comprehensive view of a model crystal formation in a complex fluctuating medium is presented. The model incorporates Gaussian curvature effects at the crystal boundary as well as the possibility for superdiffusive motion near the crystal surface. A special emphasis is put on the finite-size effect of the building blocks (macroions, or the aggregates of macroions) constituting the crystal. From it an integrated static-dynamic picture of the crystal formation in terms of mesoscopic nonequilibrium thermodynamics (MNET), and with inclusion of the physically sound effects mentioned, emerges. Its quantitative measure appears to be the overall diffusion function of the formation which contains both finite-size curvature-inducing effects as well as a time-dependent superdiffusive part. A quite remarkable agreement with experiments, mostly those concerning investigations of dynamic growth layer of (poly)crystaline aggregation, exemplified by non-Kossel crystals and biomolecular spherulites, has been achieved.
description: Submitted to Acta Physica Polonica B
Assessment of the level of utilizing pressure ulcer (PUs) prevention and treatment interventions in clinical practice among Sultan Qaboos Comprehensive Cancer Care and Research centre (SQCCCRC) Nurses
Creators: name: Aed A Banibakr
name: Mohammed A Watfa
Publisher: name: ISAR Publisher
Year: 2024
Subjects: Pressure ulcers, patient, utilizing, prevention, treatment interventions

description: Pressure ulcers (PUs) care considered one of the crucial role of nurses working within in patient’s unit. Consequently, nurses must acquire sufficient knowledge concerning the potential risks associated with PUs development and be adept at managing complications that exacerbate patient conditions. Thus, the objective of this study was to assess the level of utilizing (PUs) prevention and treatment interventions in clinical practice among (SQCCCRC) Nurses’. Additionally, to investigate the impact various nurses’ personal characteristics on the level of Nurses’ practice. A cross-sectional study recruited 148 inpatient unit nurses from oncology center using census sampling. A validated assessment tool used to assess nurses level of utilizing (PUs) preventions and treatment interventions. Data were collected between NOV and DEC 2023. The consequences of the study reveal the overall level of practice and (PUs) prevention and treatment intervention was 81.2 out of 100, interpreted as a satisfactory practice level. Nurses’ age, years of experience, and involving in pressure ulcer courses were found aspects prompting nurses' level of practice. The outcomes of the study highlight the importance of implementing in-service training or continuous education programs specifically designed for pressure injury (PUs) preventions and treatment interventions. These programs are intended to address the knowledge gaps among nurses regarding pressure ulcer prevention and treatment interventions. The goal is to improve their attitudes and practices in this critical aspect of patient care.
ALLOCATING LAND TO NEW YORK'S CONSERVATION RESERVE ENHANCEMENT PROGRAM TO MAXIMIZE NET ENVIRONMENTAL BENEFITS
Creators: name: Jaroszewski, Laura
name: Poe, Gregory L.
name: Boisvert, Richard N.
name: Jaroszewski, Laura
name: Poe, Gregory L.
name: Boisvert, Richard N.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: benefit cost analysis
subject: conservation programs
subject: participation
subject: linear programming

description: A programming model is used to assess the welfare effects of regional and practice specifications contained in New York State's Draft Conservation Reserve Enhancement Program (CREP) proposal. Net social benefits are nearly 75% lower than options that explicitly account for opportunity costs of production, environmental benefits, and participation response functions. Keywords: benefit cost analysis, conservation programs, participation, linear programming
A tool for monitoring the public administration in Dominican Republic: SISMAP
Creators: name: REYSON LIZARDO
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 160509 Public Administration
subject: FOS: Political science

description: The Ministry of Public Administration (MAP) has developed many technological tools oriented to support key processes connected to its rectory role in the professionalization of civil service. In this poster we are going to present one of these tools called SISMAP (Public Administration Monitoring System). It is interconnected to other IT tool also developed by MAP, SASP (Public Employees Management System), and a centralized platform to manage human resources in the public sector. SISMAP monitor the advance in every institution and every indicator defined by MAP. The distribution of indicators is inspirited by Civil Service Barometer, a tool designed by Interamerican Development Bank (IDB) to evaluate Civil Service in Latinamerica. The criteria are: Planning of HR, Job Organization, Employment Management, Performance Management, Compensation Management, Development Management, Human and Social Relationships Management and Organization of Human Resources Function, besides Quality Management.
TOWARD UNDERSTANDING HOUSEHOLD PREFERENCE FOR MILLET VARIETIES IN THE WEST AFRICAN SEMI-ARID TROPICS
Creators: name: Ndjeunga, Jupiter
name: Nelson, Carl H.
name: Ndjeunga, Jupiter
name: Nelson, Carl H.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: pearl millet genetics
subject: characteristics
subject: conjoint analysis
subject: food processing

description: In this study, we evaluate the preference of consumers in Niger for different tuwo or couscous characteristics using conjoint analysis. Data were collected through a structured survey administered at 4 sites. Preferences are estimated for three products (couscous, fermented tuwo and nonfermented tuwo) made from 5 pearl millet cutivars. We provide relative valuation for different traits by type of product. Results show that product taste, visual characteristics, and textural attributes are important. The different valuation of characteristics across products and ethnic groups, however, suggests that signals regarding preferences may be very noisy. Consequently, it might be difficult to design pearl millet improvement programs, or food processing programs that are broadly acceptable.
Holographic Dissipative Properties of Non-relativistic Black Branes with Hyperscaling Violation
Creators: name: Gürsel, Huriye
name: Mangut, M.
name: Sakallı, İzzet
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, we consider a class of hyperscaling violating Lifshitz-like black branes with metric scaling components $z=2$ and $θ=-1$ whose corresponding holographic model can be treated as a non-relativistic fluid exhibiting Lifshitz-type symmetry. Having performed analytical calculations via the Klein-Gordon equation and the linear response theory, the experimental realizations of the concerned model, namely the transport coefficients, are found to behave as $η\propto T^{3/2}$, $σ_{DC} \propto T^{3/2}$, and $ρ_{DC} \propto T^{-3/2}$. The associated metric scaling exponents from the bulk theory are encrypted in the transport coefficients obtained for the holographic dual model. We believe that our analytical results can contribute to the endeavours in accomplishing a full understanding on the strongly coupled phenomena occurring in systems such as high temperature superconductors, the hypothetical magnetic monopoles, and liquid crystals.
description: 15 pages, 3 figures
Cosmological particle production and the precision of the WKB approximation
Creators: name: Winitzki, Sergei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Particle production by slow-changing gravitational fields is usually described using quantum field theory in curved spacetime. Calculations require a definition of the vacuum state, which can be given using the adiabatic (WKB) approximation. I investigate the best attainable precision of the resulting approximate definition of the particle number. The standard WKB ansatz yields a divergent asymptotic series in the adiabatic parameter. I derive a novel formula for the optimal number of terms in that series and demonstrate that the error of the optimally truncated WKB series is exponentially small. This precision is still insufficient to describe particle production from vacuum, which is typically also exponentially small. An adequately precise approximation can be found by improving the WKB ansatz through perturbation theory. I show quantitatively that the fundamentally unavoidable imprecision in the definition of particle number in a time-dependent background is equal to the particle production expected to occur during that epoch. The results are illustrated by analytic and numerical examples.
description: 14 pages, RevTeX, 5 figures; minor changes, a clarification in Sec. II D
VIDWAN: Persistent ID for Indian Scholarly Community
Creators: name: Palavesam, Kannan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Persistent Identifiers
PID Infrastructure
Open Science
Japan
APAC
Consortia
DataCite
ORCID
AXIES
JaLC
JST

description: This event had the theme ‘As local as necessary, as international as possible’. It focussed on strengthening the Japanese persistent identifier (PID) community and fostering linkages between Japan PID infrastructure and the wider community in the Asia–Pacific (APAC) region and globally.

The agenda provided an orientation of PIDs and related services, as well as insights about ORCID and DataCite in the APAC region and the activities of our Consortia. Participants learnt about use cases of PID implementation in research workflows in Japan (and APAC), and how implementation has aligned with organizational goals: showcasing success stories and challenges.

Bringing people together for stimulating conversations around points of interest to the community that are not possible virtually, the event was an opportunity to meet others with an interest in the adoption of PIDs and Open Science principles.

This event was co-hosted by ORCID and DataCite alongside the Academic eXchange for Information Environment and Strategy and the Japan Link Center, who respectively lead ORCID’s and DataCite’s Consortia in Japan. It was supported by the Japan Science and Technology Agency. The event was co-located with the International Symposium on Data Science 2023 held on 11–15 December 2023 at the Science Council of Japan in Tokyo.
AN ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF CORN ROOTWORM MANAGEMENT: AREAWIDE PEST MANAGEMENT VERSUS SOIL INSECTICIDES- A NET PRESENT VALUE APPROACH
Creators: name: Stair, Christina Welch
name: Quan, Peter
name: Martin, Marshall A.
name: Stair, Christina Welch
name: Quan, Peter
name: Martin, Marshall A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2000
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries

description: In 1996, the USDA initiated research in three Midwestern locations to control corn rootworms with a scouting and aerial spraying program. The preliminary economic results suggest that without a modest subsidy, an areawide pest management approach is not as economical as the use of soil insecticides
Supplemental Materials to Prompts Are Programs Too! Understanding How Developers Build Software Containing Prompts
Creators: name: Liang, Jenny
name: Lin, Melissa
name: Rao, Nikitha
name: Myers, Brad A
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2025
Subjects: classificationCode: 461202
subject: Empirical software engineering

description: Supplemental Materials to Prompts Are Programs Too! Understanding How Developers Build Software Containing Prompts
Gaillard, Albert, L'Unité des Eglises au carrefour: New-Delhi
Creators: name: Epting, Friedrich
Publisher: name: Ökumenische Rundschau
Year: 2025

description: Ökumenische Rundschau, Bd. 12 Nr. 1 (1963): Ökumenische Rundschau, Band 12, Heft 1
Search for particle-bound 26-O and 28-F in p-stripping reactions
Creators: name: Schiller, A.
name: Baumann, T.
name: Dietrich, J.
name: Kaiser, S.
name: Peters, W.
name: Thoennessen, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have searched for particle-bound 26-O and 28-F isotopes in the reaction products of secondary 27-F and 29-Ne beams, respectively. No events have been observed. Upper limits for the respective production cross sections by one-p-stripping reactions are established under the assumption that 26-O and 28-F are particle bound. Since the experimental upper limits are much lower than common estimates we conclude that neither 26-O nor 28-F are likely particle bound.
description: 3 pages including 2 figures, revtex4
Observation of backscattering induced by magnetism in a topological edge state
Creators: name: Jäck, Berthold
name: Xie, Yonglong
name: Bernevig, B. Andrei
name: Yazdani, Ali
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The boundary modes of topological insulators are protected by the symmetries of the non-trivial bulk electronic states. Unless these symmetries are broken, they can give rise to novel phenomena, such as the quantum spin Hall effect in one-dimensional (1D) topological edge states, where quasiparticle backscattering is suppressed by time-reversal symmetry (TRS). Here, we investigate the properties of the 1D topological edge state of bismuth in the absence of TRS, where backscattering is predicted to occur. Using spectroscopic imaging and spin-polarized measurements with a scanning tunneling microscope, we compared quasiparticle interference (QPI) occurring in the edge state of a pristine bismuth bilayer with that occurring in the edge state of a bilayer, which is terminated by ferromagnetic iron clusters that break TRS. Our experiments on the decorated bilayer edge reveal an additional QPI branch, which can be associated with spin-flip scattering across the Brioullin zone center between time-reversal band partners. The observed QPI characteristics exactly match with theoretical expectations for a topological edge state, having one Kramer's pair of bands. Together, our results provide further evidence for the non-trivial nature of bismuth, and, in particular, demonstrate backscattering inside a helical topological edge state induced by broken TRS through local magnetism.
LOCATIONAL EFFECTS OF URBANIZATION ON AGRICULTURE IN SOUTHEASTERN PENNSYLVANIA
Creators: name: Larson, Janelle M.
name: Findeis, Jill L.
name: Smith, Stephen M.
name: Larson, Janelle M.
name: Findeis, Jill L.
name: Smith, Stephen M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: Agricultural adaptation
subject: rural development
subject: off-farm income
subject: urbanization
subject: land use

description: Most agricultural output in the northeastern United States comes from counties that have experienced significant development. A mail survey, with 300 responses, was conducted in southeastern Pennsylvania to determine farmer adaptation to urbanization in this region. Despite development, traditional agriculture still predominates. Changes in land use were examined using multinomial logit models. Results show that changes in population density and farm preservation policies have an influence, as increased population density reduced total land operated and having land in an agricultural security area increased it. Other measures of urbanization, such as proximity to a city or inter-state highway had no statistically significant effect on farm practices. Keywords: Agricultural adaptation, rural development, off-farm income, urbanization, land use
FARM RESTRUCTURING AND EFFICIENCY IN TRANSITION: EVIDENCE FROM BULGARIA AND HUNGARY
Creators: name: Mathijs, Erik
name: Vranken, Liesbet
name: Mathijs, Erik
name: Vranken, Liesbet
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Farm Management
subject: Productivity Analysis
subject: Eastern Europe
subject: Bulgaria
subject: Hungary
subject: technical efficiency
subject: land tenure
subject: governance

description: Based on survey data on Bulgarian and Hungarian crop and dairy farms, a double-peaked distribution of technical efficiency is observed. Several factors explain differences in efficiency. Human capital matters not only through age and education, but also through gender as farms with a higher share of women are more efficient. Contracting with upstream processors increased efficiency through facilitating the adoption of technology and the access to credits. The superiority of family farms over corporate farms is confirmed for crops but not for dairy.
A THEORETICAL AND EMPIRICAL INVESTIGATION OF THE SUPPLY RESPONSE IN THE U.S. BEEF-CATTLE INDUSTRY
Creators: name: Aadland, David
name: Bailey, DeeVon
name: Feng, Shelly
name: Aadland, David
name: Bailey, DeeVon
name: Feng, Shelly
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2000
Subjects: Demand and Price Analysis
Livestock Production/Industries

description: This paper investigates the response of beef cattle producers to changes in the price of cattle. Previous research has suggested that there may be a negative short-run supply response to a permanent increase in the price of cattle. We build a dynamic, rational expectations model that predicts that the supply response is generally positive, even for permanent shocks in the short run, and nests the negative supply response as a special case for appropriately restricted demand shocks. Using annual US time series data (1930-1997) and a simultaneous-equations econometric approach, we find a positive short-run supply response in the cow market and mixed evidence in the heifer market.
Experimental violation of a cluster state Bell inequality
Creators: name: Walther, Philip
name: Aspelmeyer, Markus
name: Resch, Kevin J.
name: Zeilinger, Anton
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Cluster states are a new type of multiqubit entangled states with entanglement properties exceptionally well suited for quantum computation. In the present work, we experimentally demonstrate that correlations in a four-qubit linear cluster state cannot be described by local realism. This exploration is based on a recently derived Bell-type inequality [V. Scarani et al., Phys. Rev A 71, 042325 (2005)] which is tailored, by using a combination of three- and four-particle correlations, to be maximally violated by cluster states but not violated at all by GHZ states. We observe a cluster state Bell parameter of $2.59\pm 0.08$, which is more than 7 standard deviations larger than the threshold of 2 imposed by local realism.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures
Singular Soliton Molecules of the Nonlinear Schrodinger Equation
Creators: name: Elhadj, Khelifa Mohammed
name: Sakkaf, L. Al
name: Khawaja, U. Al
name: Boudjemaa, Abdelaali
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive an exact solution to the local nonlinear Schrödinger equation (NLSE) using the Darboux transformation method. The new solution describes the profile and dynamics of a two-soliton molecule. Using an algebraically-decaying seed solution, we obtain a two-soliton solution with diverging peaks, which we denote as singular soliton molecule. We find that the new solution has a finite binding energy. We calculate the force and potential of interaction between the two solitons, which turn out to be of molecular-type. The robustness of the bond between the two solitons is also verified. Furthermore, we obtain a new solution to the nonlocal NLSE using the same method and seed solution. The new solution in this case corresponds to an elastic collision of a soliton, a breather soliton on flat background, and a breather soliton on a background with linear ramp. Finally, we consider an NLSE which is nonlocal in time rather than space. Although we did not find a Lax pair to this equation, we derive three exact solutions.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures
Assessment of Sultan Qaboos Comprehensive Cancer Care and Research centre (SQCCCRC) Nurses' Knowledge of Pressure Ulcers (PUs) Prevention and Treatments
Creators: name: Aed A Banibakr
name: Mohammed A Watfa
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Nurse, Clinical practice, Prevention, Inpatient unit, Pressure ulcers

description: Effective management of pressure ulcers(PUs) holds significant importance in the daily responsibilities of nurses operating within inpatient units. Hence, it is imperative for nurses to possess sufficient knowledge regarding the potential risks contributing to the onset of PUs, along with the skills to address complications that may exacerbate patient conditions. The objective of the current research was to identify the level of nurses’ knowledge regarding (PUs) prevention and treatments among inpatient units’ nurses in Sultan Qaboos Comprehensive Cancer Care and Research centre (SQCCCRC). To describe the association between nurses’ characteristics and the level of Nurses’ Knowledge. A questionnaire that underwent modification and validation was employed to assess and measure the variables. cross-sectional study recruited 148 nurses from SCCCRC using census sampling. The result reveals the comprehensive knowledge level regarding pressure ulcer (PUs) prevention was 61.3 out of 100, indicating a moderate level knowledge when evaluated with the 60% cut-off. Interestingly, age, years of experience, attending in pressure ulcer trainings, and engaging in reading SQCCCRC policy emerged as the factors influencing nurses' level of knowledge. Education curricula for nurses are to be screened thoroughly and the identified knowledge gaps should be covered. Besides, multifaceted strategies are needed to improve clinical practice. Simulation scenarios related to PU prevention and management will be an effective way to help nurses gain appropriate knowledge that can be applied in clinical practice. A thorough examination of educational curricula for nurses is necessary to address recognized knowledge gaps. Furthermore, it is crucial to incorporate diverse strategies to improve clinical practice. Utilizing simulation scenarios focused on (PUs) prevention and controlling emerges as an important approach to enable nurses to acquire pertinent knowledge applicable in real clinical settings.
Introduction: The Archaeology of “Marvellous Melbourne”
Creators: name: Lawrence, Susan
name: Davies, Peter
name: Smith, Jeremy
Publisher: name: La Trobe
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 4303
subject: Historical studies
classificationCode: 4301
subject: Archaeology

description: Melbourne was a major global city in the nineteenth century. Founded by pastoralists in 1835, the settlement grew explosively following the discovery of gold in 1851, and within a decade the population had reached half a million people. New settlers and new wealth brought a boom in housing construction, manufacturing, civic institutions, and transport and communication infrastructure, as the city became the leading urban center in Australasia. The structure and fabric of the city today expresses much of its colonial development, when “Marvellous Melbourne” was among the most remarkable metropolitan centers in the Asia-Pacific region. In the last ten years, the intersection of more rigorous heritage protection and a boom in large-scale urban development means that there has been a fluorescence of historical archaeological work carried out in Melbourne, especially in the central business district. We draw upon this extensive archive of material to highlight the results of major archaeological discoveries that have occurred in recent years.
README.txt
Creators: name: McChesney, Ian
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 80602 Computer-Human Interaction
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: 80703 Human Information Behaviour
subject: FOS: Media and communications
subject: 80308 Programming Languages
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: README.txt file describing data set for - The Effect Of Crowding On The Reading Of Program Code For Programmers With Dyslexia
Negative Refractive Index in Optics of Metal-Dielectric Composites
Creators: name: Kildishev, A. V.
name: Cai, W.
name: Chettiar, U. K.
name: Yuan, H. -K.
name: Sarychev, A. K.
name: Drachev, V. P.
name: Shalaev, V. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Specially designed metal-dielectric composites can have a negative refractive index in the optical range. Specifically, it is shown that arrays of single and paired nanorods can provide such negative refraction. For pairs of metal rods, a negative refractive index has been observed at 1.5 micrometer. The inverted structure of paired voids in metal films may also exhibit a negative refractive index. A similar effect can be accomplished with metal strips in which the refractive index can reach -2. The refractive index retrieval procedure and the critical role of light phases in determining the refractive index is discussed.
description: 39 pages, 17 figures, 24 equations
Photoassociation and optical Feshbach resonances in an atomic Bose-Einstein condensate: treatment of correlation effects
Creators: name: Naidon, Pascal
name: Masnou-Seeuws, Francoise
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we formulate the time-dependent many-body theory of photoassociation in an atomic Bose-Einstein condensate with realistic interatomic interactions, using and comparing two approximations: the first-order cumulant approximation, originally developed by Kohler and Burnett [Phys. Rev. A 65, 033601 (2002)], and the reduced pair wave approximation, based on a previous paper [Phys. Rev. A 68 033612 (2003)] generalizing to two channels the Cherny-Shanenko approach [Phys. Rev. E 62, 1046 (2000)]. The two approximations differ only by the way a pair of condensate atoms is influenced by the mean field at short interatomic separations. For these approximations we identify two different regimes of photoassociation: the adiabatic regime and the coherent regime. The threshold for the so-called "rogue dissociation" [Phys. Rev. Lett. 88, 090403 (2002)] (where mean-field theory breaks down) is found to be different in each regime, which sheds new light on the experiment of McKenzie et al [Phys. Rev. Lett. 88, 120403 (2002)] and previous theoretical calculations. We then use the two approximations to investigate numerically the effects of rogue dissociation in a sodium condensate under conditions similar to the McKenzie et al experiment. We find two different effects: reduction of the photoassociation rate at short times, and creation of correlated pairs of atoms, confirming previous works. We also observe that the photoassociation line shapes become asymmetric in the first-order cumulant approximation, while they remain symmetric in the reduced pair wave approximation, giving the possibility to experimentally distinguish between the two approximations.
description: 20 pages, 9 figures. (some references added)
Vortex interaction, chaos and quantum probabilities
Creators: name: Wisniacki, D. A.
name: Pujals, E. R.
name: Borondo, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The motion of a single vortex is able to originate chaos in the quantum trajectories defined in Bohm's interpretation of quantum mechanics. In this Letter, we show that this is also the case in the general situation, in which many interacting vortices exist. This result gives support to recent attempts in which Born's probability rule is derived in terms of an irreversible time evolution to equilibrium, rather than being postulated.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures
A THEORETICAL DISCUSSION OF THE ECONOMIC EFFECTS OF BUFFER STOCKS AND BUFFER FUNDS
Creators: name: Simmons, Phil
name: Simmons, Phil
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1988
Subjects: subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: It has been established that the absence of risk markets justifies market intervention in principle. The form of intervention that has been discussed most widely in the literature is the buffer stock. This paper points out that other forms of intervention, specifically buffer funds, are likely to perform better. The analysis shows that buffer funds are likely to outperform buffer stocks because they address market failure more directly. A sub-theme developed in this paper is that since buffer funds are enforced saving, it follows that policies that address capital market failure are likely to dominate buffer funds and buffer stocks in welfare terms.
THE PROBABILITY DISTRIBUTION OF THE AVERAGE MARGINAL PRODUCTS OF COBB-DOUGLAS FACTORS WITH APPLICATIONS
Creators: name: Alaouze, Chris M.
name: Alaouze, Chris M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1988
Subjects: Production Economics
Research Methods/ Statistical Methods

description: The comparative productivity of inputs is often the focus of applied studies of production. For example, one might wish to compare the marginal product of water in irrigation districts to provide guidelines for capital investment in new water projects or to assist in water allocation decisions. The purpose of this note is to illustrate a straightforward econometric method for making such comparisons. It is assumed that panel data are available for T periods on N cross-sectional units and that output is produced according to a stochastic Cobb-Douglas production function. The Cobb-Douglas function was chosen because it has a simple formula for the marginal product and has been found to perform well in studies of agricultural production. The statistical results derived in the paper are obtained assuming that the error term of the production function is independently and identically distributed. This assumption can be easily relaxed and the asymptotic results presented in the paper can be generalised for the case where the variance-covariance matrix of the error term is known or can be estimated consistently. An important generalisation is the Zellner (1962) seemingly unrelated regressions framework. Only the simplest case is developed here because of space limitations. To illustrate the wide applicability of these results a test for risk aversion is developed which can be applied when the production setting satisfies specified assumptions.
EMPIRICAL TESTS OF SPATIAL AND STRUCTURAL EFFECTS ON CATTLE AUCTION PRICES
Creators: name: Hogan, J.C.
name: Todd, Mike C.
name: Hogan, J.C.
name: Todd, Mike C.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1979
Subjects: Demand and Price Analysis

description: Two investigations are reported. The first is a comparison of average prices for two cattle types within pairs of some major auction centres in Australia. Significant price differences existed in three of the four cases studied. The second is a study of the main determinants of price differences between auction selling centres through a case study of a large and small auction centre. The major factor explaining the price differences between the two auction centres was lot size. This factor also influenced price variation within auctions. The number of buyers purchasing cattle did not affect price levels.
Fermi-liquid theory of the surface impedance of a metal in a normal magnetic field
Creators: name: Zimbovskaya, Natalya A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we present detailed theoretical analysis of the frequency and/or magnetic field dependence of the surface impedance of a metal at the anomalous skin effect. We calculate the surface impedance in the presence of a magnetic field directed along the normal to the metal surface. The effects of the Fermi-liquid interactions on the surface impedance are studied. It is shown that the cyclotron resonance in a normal magnetic field may be revealed {\it only and exclusively} in such metals whose Fermi surfaces include segments where its Gaussian curvature turns zero. The results could be applied to extract extra informations concerning local anomalies in the Fermi surface curvature in conventional and quasi-two-dimensional metals.
description: 10 pages, 1 figure, text added and rearranged, computational details are moved into Appendices
Intergalactic stars in z~0.25 galaxy clusters: systematic properties from stacking of Sloan Digital Sky Survey imaging data
Creators: name: Zibetti, Stefano
name: White, Simon D. M.
name: Schneider, Donald P.
name: Brinkmann, Jon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyse the spatial distribution and colour of the intracluster light (ICL) in 683 clusters of galaxies between z=0.2 and 0.3, selected from approx 1500 deg^2 of the SDSS-DR1. Surface photometry in the g, r and i bands is conducted on stacked images of the clusters, after rescaling them to the same metric size and masking out resolved sources. We are able to trace the average surface brightness profile of the ICL out to 700 kpc, where it is less than 1/10,000 of the mean surface brightness of the dark night sky. The ICL appears as a clear surface brightness excess with respect to an inner R^1/4 profile which characterises the mean profile of the BCG. The surface brightness (SB) of the ICL ranges from 27.5 mag/arcsec^2 at 100 kpc to roughly 32 at 700 kpc in the observed r-band (26.5 to 31 in the rest-frame g-band). We find that, on average, the ICL contributes only a small fraction of the total optical emission in a cluster (10.9+-5.0% within 500 kpc). The radial distribution of the ICL is more centrally concentrated than that of the cluster galaxies, but the colours of the two components are identical within the statistical uncertainties. In the mean the ICL is aligned with and more flattened than the BCG itself. This alignment is substantially stronger than that of the cluster light as a whole. The SB of the ICL correlates both with BCG luminosity and with cluster richness, while the fraction of the total light in the ICL is almost independent of these quantities. These results support the idea that the ICL is produced by stripping and disruption of galaxies as they pass through the central regions of clusters. Our measurements of the diffuse light also constrain the faint-end slope of the cluster LF. Slopes alpha
description: 21 pages, 12 figures. Accepted for publication in MNRAS. Figures 3 and 4 degraded. Full resolution paper available at http://www.mpa-garching.mpg.de/~zibetti/ICL_paper.ps.gz
Synchronization universality classes and stability of smooth, coupled map lattices
Creators: name: Bagnoli, Franco
name: Rechtman, Raul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study two problems related to spatially extended systems: the dynamical stability and the universality classes of the replica synchronization transition. We use a simple model of one dimensional coupled map lattices and show that chaotic behavior implies that the synchronization transition belongs to the multiplicative noise universality class, while stable chaos implies that the synchronization transition belongs to the directed percolation universality class.
description: 6 pages, 7 figures
STABILISATION AND RISK REDUCTION IN AUSTRALIAN AGRICULTURE
Creators: name: Quiggin, John C.
name: Anderson, Jock R.
name: Quiggin, John C.
name: Anderson, Jock R.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1979
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
Risk and Uncertainty

description: Agricultural producers typically are faced with risk about the yields they will experience and the prices they will receive. Stabilisation schemes can spread risk and thereby reduce the risk faced by individual producers. The risk-reducing capacity of a scheme and the cost of risk reduction depend upon the design of the scheme. In particular, it is important to distinguish between risk and instability. A classification of scheme designs is presented to bring out the effects of various design types. Schemes for the wheat industry are given most attention.
Splitting The Gluon?
Creators: name: Niemi, Antti J.
name: Walet, Niels R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the strongly correlated environment of high-temperature cuprate superconductors, the spin and charge degrees of freedom of an electron seem to separate from each other. A similar phenomenon may be present in the strong coupling phase of Yang-Mills theories, where a separation between the color charge and the spin of a gluon could play a role in a mass gap formation. Here we study the phase structure of a decomposed SU(2) Yang-Mills theory in a mean field approximation, by inspecting quantum fluctuations in the condensate which is formed by the color charge component of the gluon field. Our results suggest that the decomposed theory has an involved phase structure. In particular, there appears to be a phase which is quite reminiscent of the superconducting phase in cuprates. We also find evidence that this phase is separated from the asymptotically free theory by an intermediate pseudogap phase.
description: Improved discussion of magnetic nature of phases; removed unsubstantiated speculation about color confinement
Uni-directional transport properties of a serpent billiard
Creators: name: Horvat, Martin
name: Prosen, Tomaz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a dynamical analysis of a classical billiard chain -- a channel with parallel semi-circular walls, which can serve as a model for a bended optical fiber. An interesting feature of this model is the fact that the phase space separates into two disjoint invariant components corresponding to the left and right uni-directional motions. Dynamics is decomposed into the jump map -- a Poincare map between the two ends of a basic cell, and the time function -- traveling time across a basic cell of a point on a surface of section. The jump map has a mixed phase space where the relative sizes of the regular and chaotic components depend on the width of the channel. For a suitable value of this parameter we can have almost fully chaotic phase space. We have studied numerically the Lyapunov exponents, time auto-correlation functions and diffusion of particles along the chain. As a result of a singularity of the time function we obtain marginally-normal diffusion after we subtract the average drift. The last result is also supported by some analytical arguments.
description: 15 pages, 9 figure (19 .(e)ps files)
THE USE OF A DECISION MAKER'S UTILITY FUNCTION IN A LINEAR PROGRAMMING ANALYSIS OF AGRICULTURAL POLICY
Creators: name: Parton, Kevin A.
name: Parton, Kevin A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1979
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy

description: A decision theoretic approach to agricultural policy decision making is examined to discover whether a utility function of an Australian Wool Corporation decision maker can be established and, if so, whether this can be used to improve the policy analysing performance of an agricultural sector linear programming model. After discussing the theoretical requirements of the utility function elicitation and the elicitation procedures, the characteristics of the resulting functions are examined. A means for its inclusion in a linear programming framework is described and some analysis of policy is carried out. The general conclusions are that the relevance of the agricultural sector analysis is enhanced by the use of such a utility function.
A Survey of Merger Remnants II: The Emerging Kinematic and Photometric Correlations
Creators: name: Rothberg, B.
name: Joseph, R. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper is the second in a series exploring the properties of 51 {\it optically} selected, single-nuclei merger remnants. Spectroscopic data have been obtained for a sub-sample of 38 mergers and combined with previously obtained infrared photometry to test whether mergers exhibit the same correlations as elliptical galaxies among parameters such as stellar luminosity and distribution, central stellar velocity dispersion ($σ$$_{\circ}$), and metallicity. Paramount to the study is to test whether mergers lie on the Fundamental Plane. Measurements of $σ$$_{\circ}$ have been made using the Ca triplet absorption line at 8500 Å for all 38 mergers in the sub-sample. Additional measurements of $σ$$_{\circ}$ were made for two of the mergers in the sub-sample using the CO absorption line at 2.29 $\micron$. The results indicate that mergers show a strong correlation among the parameters of the Fundamental Plane but fail to show a strong correlation between $σ$$_{\circ}$ and metallicity (Mg$_{2}$). In contrast to earlier studies, the $σ$$_{\circ}$ of the mergers are consistent with objects which lie somewhere between intermediate-mass and luminous giant elliptical galaxies. However, the discrepancies with earlier studies appears to correlate with whether the Ca triplet or CO absorption lines are used to derive $σ$$_{\circ}$, with the latter almost always producing smaller values. Finally, the photometric and kinematic data are used to demonstrate for the first time that the central phase-space density of mergers are equivalent to elliptical galaxies. This resolves a long-standing criticism of the merger hypothesis.
description: Accepted Astronomical Journal (to appear in January 2006)
Fibre fractionation in hydrocyclones
Creators: name: Rehmat, Tazim
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Literature on fibre fractionation in hydrocyclones is reviewed. A force balance on an idealized particle moving in an idealized centrifugal field is used to show that the radial velocity of a fibre or other type of particle moving inside a hydrocyclone is slower for particles having higher values of specific surface. Thus, in theory, the rejects stream is more likely to contain material having lower specific surface than the feed and the accepts stream is more likely to contain material having higher specific surface material. It is also shown that fibre coarseness is inversely related to specific surface. Fractionation of various pulps are described showing evidence of fractionation by length and coarseness. Sheet property measurements, showing that sheets made from hydrocyclone accepts are always stronger than those made from hydrocyclone rejects, are also presented. Multistage fractionation of mechanical and chemical pulps has been investigated to show the degree of separation achievable. This was quantified by the measurement of fibre (length, coarseness, microscopy, width, shape factor) and paper (tensile, tear, burst, roughness) properties. For tests performed with mechanical pulp, it was shown that the hydrocyclone tested in these experiments resulted in rejects fibres which were coarser and shorter than fibres reporting to the accepts. In these tests fibre fines reported to the rejects. A different hydrocyclone was tested to fractionate chemical pulp. In these tests it was found that fibre fines and earlywood fibres reported to the accepts and latewood fibres reported to the rejects. Refining of fractionated chemical pulp was performed. These tests illustrated that earlywood fibres develop at lower refining intensity than latewood fibres. It was also demonstrated that latewood fibres could be upgraded to usable fibre through refining.