cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Anisotropic skyrmion diffusion controlled by field-induced symmetry breaking
Creators: name: Kerber, Nico
name: Weißenhofer, Markus
name: Raab, Klaus
name: Litzius, Kai
name: Zázvorka, Jakub
name: Nowak, Ulrich
name: Kläui, Mathias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Diffusion of particles has wide repercussions ranging from particle-based soft matter systems to solid state systems with particular electronic properties. Recently, in the field of magnetism, diffusion of magnetic skyrmions, topologically stabilized quasi-particles, has been demonstrated. Here we show that by applying a magnetic in-plane field and therefore breaking the symmetry of the system, the skyrmion diffusion becomes anisotropic with faster diffusion parallel to the field axis and slower diffusion perpendicular to it. We furthermore show that the absolute value of the applied field controls the absolute values of the diffusion coefficients so that one can thereby uniquely tune both the orientation of the diffusion and its strength. Based on the stochastic Thiele equation, we can explain the observed anisotropic diffusion as a result of the elliptical deformation of the skyrmions by the application of the in-plane field.
description: 13 pages, 5 figures
MANAGING AN BORDER THREAT: BSE AND COOL EFFECTS ON THE CANADIAN BEEF INDUSTRY (TEACHING NOTE)
Creators: name: Brewin, Derek G.
name: Carlberg, Jared G.
name: Rude, James
name: Brewin, Derek G.
name: Carlberg, Jared G.
name: Rude, James
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: Political Economy
subject: Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession
subject: Trade
subject: Teaching Case Study
subject: Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy
subject: BSE
subject: Country of Origin Labeling
subject: COOL

description: Teaching Note for "Managing a Border Threat: BSE and COOL Effects on the Canadian Beef Industry" by Carlberg et al. Review of Agricultural Economics—Volume 31, Number 4—Pages 952–962. The note discusses BSE and COOL trade impact using three panel trade diagrams and reviews other policy options facing Canadian policy makers.
Distribution fitting procedure. Basement reservoir plumbing: fracture aperture, length and topology analysis of the Lewisian Complex, NW Scotland
Creators: name: K.J.W. McCaffrey
name: R.E. Holdsworth
name: J. Pless
name: B.S.G. Franklin
name: K. Hardman
Publisher: name: Geological Society of London
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Geology
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences

description: Distribution fitting procedure.
The Demand for Specialty-Crop Insurance: Adverse Selection and Inefficiency
Creators: name: Richards, Timothy J.
name: Mischen, Pamela
name: Richards, Timothy J.
name: Mischen, Pamela
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Financial Economics
subject: Risk and Uncertainty
subject: Contingent valuation
subject: Crop insurance
subject: Fruits and vegetables
subject: Moral hazard
subject: Risk
subject: Uncertainty

description: The twin problems of moral hazard and adverse selection are often blamed for the lack of insurance for many fruits and vegetables. This paper develops an alternative method of testing for adverse selection that uses a two-stage approach to determine the effects of technical inefficiency on the demand for insurance. With this approach, technical inefficiency is interpreted as an indicator of adverse selection. Because there is no active insurance market for many specialty crops, and thin markets for those that are insurable, a contingent valuation approach is used to obtain the data necessary to estimate the demand for three different types of insurance. The results suggest adverse selection may be a deterrent to the viability of extending the breadth of specialty crop insurance products.
High T_c superconductivity due to coexisting wide and narrow bands: A fluctuation exchange study on the Hubbard ladder as a test case
Creators: name: Kuroki, Kazuhiko
name: Higashida, Takafumi
name: Arita, Ryotaro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose that when the Fermi level lies within a wide band and also lies close to but not within a coexisting narrow band, high $T_c$ superconductivity may take place due to the large number of interband pair scattering channels and the small renormalization of the quasiparticles. We show using fluctuation exchange method that this mechanism works for the Hubbard model on a ladder lattice with diagonal hoppings. From this viewpoint, we give a possible explanation for the low $T_c$ for the actual hole doped ladder compound, and further predict a higher $T_c$ for the case of electron doping.
description: RevTeX, 5 pages
Nimble: Efficiently Compiling Dynamic Neural Networks for Model Inference
Creators: name: Shen, Haichen
name: Roesch, Jared
name: Chen, Zhi
name: Chen, Wei
name: Wu, Yong
name: Li, Mu
name: Sharma, Vin
name: Tatlock, Zachary
name: Wang, Yida
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Programming Languages (cs.PL)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Modern deep neural networks increasingly make use of features such as dynamic control flow, data structures and dynamic tensor shapes. Existing deep learning systems focus on optimizing and executing static neural networks which assume a pre-determined model architecture and input data shapes--assumptions which are violated by dynamic neural networks. Therefore, executing dynamic models with deep learning systems is currently both inflexible and sub-optimal, if not impossible. Optimizing dynamic neural networks is more challenging than static neural networks; optimizations must consider all possible execution paths and tensor shapes. This paper proposes Nimble, a high-performance and flexible system to optimize, compile, and execute dynamic neural networks on multiple platforms. Nimble handles model dynamism by introducing a dynamic type system, a set of dynamism-oriented optimizations, and a light-weight virtual machine runtime. Our evaluation demonstrates that Nimble outperforms state-of-the-art deep learning frameworks and runtime systems for dynamic neural networks by up to 20x on hardware platforms including Intel CPUs, ARM CPUs, and Nvidia GPUs.
Determinants of Use of Government Export Promotion Programs by Agribusiness Firms
Creators: name: Amponsah, William A.
name: Pick, Daniel H.
name: Amponsah, William A.
name: Pick, Daniel H.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: Export promotion
subject: Export dependence
subject: High-value products
subject: Market promotion program
subject: Prediction success
subject: Usefulness score

description: The Foreign Agricultural Service of the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) has been criticized because it appears to favor allocation of Market Promotion Program (MPP) funds to large firms. Because of competition for markets, the USDA has been admonished to devote more attention to export promotion, especially to small firms at the state level. This paper determines that North Carolina providers of export promotion services must place greater emphasis on dissemination information and providing technical assistance to change attitudes toward exporting and export promotion. Also, while high export sales, per se, are not a good indicator for the use of export promotion programs, positive opinions about export promotion and a firm’s growth are good predictors for use of export promotion programs.
CIS-features mediating CAG/CTG repeat instability the Satellog database, and candidate repeat prioritization in schizophrenia
Creators: name: Missirlis, Perseus Ioannis
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Polyglutamine repeat expansions in the coding regions of unrelated genes have been implicated in the neurodegenerative phenotype of nine separate diseases. However, little is known about the role of flanking c/'s-sequences in mediating this repeat instability. Brock et al. identified an association between flanking GC content and CAG/CTG repeat instability at many of these disease loci by using a relative measure of repeat instability called 'expandability'. Using this measure, we have extended the analysis of Brock and colleagues and utilized the expandability metric to associate other features theorized to contribute to CAG/CTG repeat instability such as repeat length and purity, proximity to CCCTC-binding factor (CTCF) binding sites, and the nucleosome formation potential of the surrounding DNA. Our results confirmed earlier relationships regarding flanking G C content and CAG/CTG repeat instability and also suggest a novel one involving flanking CTCF binding sites. Conversely, no relationships between expandability and repeat length, purity, and nucleosome formation were detected. Anticipation refers to the progressive worsening of a disease phenotype and earlier age of onset in successive generations. Anticipation has been reported in a number of diseases in which repeat expansion may have a role in etiology. We developed Satellog, a database that catalogs all pure 1-16 repeat unit repeats in the human genome along with supplementary data of use for the prioritization of repeats in disease association studies. For each pure repeat we calculate the percentile rank of its length relative to other repeats of the same class in the genome, its polymorphism within UniGene clusters, its location either within or adjacent to EnsEMBL-defined genes, and its expression profile in normal tissues according to the GeneNote database. By examining the global repeat polymorphism profile, we found that highly polymorphic coding repeats were mostly restricted to trinucleotide repeats, whereas a wider range of repeat unit lengths were tolerated in untranslated sequence. We also found that 3'-UTR sequence tolerates more repeat polymorphisms than 5'-UTR or exonic sequence. Lastly, we use Satellog to prioritize repeats for disease-association studies in schizophrenia. Satellog is available as a freely downloadable MySQL and web-based database.
Search for $B^0 \to p \bar{p}$, $Λ\barΛ$ and $B^+ \to p \barΛ$ at Belle
Creators: name: Chang, M. -C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report results of a search for the charmless two-body baryonic decays B^0 \to p \bar{p}, B^0 \to Λ\barΛ, and B^+\to p \barΛ based on the analysis of a 140 fb^{-1} data sample. We set 90% confidence level upper limits on their branching fractions: B(B^0 \to p \bar{p}) < 4.1 x 10^{-7}, B(B^0 \to Λ\barΛ) < 6.9 x 10^{-7}$, and B(B^+ \to p \barΛ) < 4.9 x 10^{-7}.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures, submitted to PRD(RC)
The Hubble Tension in Light of the Full-Shape Analysis of Large-Scale Structure Data
Creators: name: D'Amico, Guido
name: Senatore, Leonardo
name: Zhang, Pierre
name: Zheng, Henry
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The disagreement between direct late-time measurements of the Hubble constant from the SH0ES collaboration, and early-universe measurements based on the $Λ$CDM model from the Planck collaboration might, at least in principle, be explained by new physics in the early universe. Recently, the application of the Effective Field Theory of Large-Scale Structure to the full shape of the power spectrum of the SDSS/BOSS data has revealed a new, rather powerful, way to measure the Hubble constant and the other cosmological parameters from Large-Scale Structure surveys. In light of this, we analyze two models for early universe physics, Early Dark Energy and Rock 'n' Roll, that were designed to significantly ameliorate the Hubble tension. Upon including the information from the full shape to the Planck, BAO, and Supernovae measurements, we find that the degeneracies in the cosmological parameters that were introduced by these models are well broken by the data, so that these two models do not significantly ameliorate the tension.
description: 15+12 pages, 7 figures. v2: Minor corrections, references added. v3: Extended appendices
The Certification of ATLAS Thin Gap Chambers Produced in Israel and China
Creators: name: Etzion, E.
name: Benhammou, Y.
name: Ginzburg, J.
name: Ishino, M.
name: Levinson, L.
name: Mikenberg, G.
name: Panikashvili, N.
name: Primor, D.
name: Rozen, Y.
name: Smakhtin, V.
name: Tarem, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Thin gap chambers (TGCs) are used for the muon trigger system in the forward region of the LHC experiment ATLAS. A TGC consists of a plane of closely spaced wires maintained at positive high voltage, sandwiched between resistive grounded cathode planes with an anode wire to cathode plane gap distance smaller than the wire-to-wire spacing. The TGCs are expected to provide a trigger signal within 25 ns of the bunch spacing of the LHC accelerator, with an efficiency exceeding 95%, while exposed to an effective photon and neutron background ranging from 30 to 500 Hz/cm2. About 2,500 out of the 3,600 ATLAS TGCs are being produced at the Weizmann institute in Israel, and in Shandong University in China. Once installed in the ATLAS detector the TGCs will be inaccessible. A vigorous production quality control program is therefore implemented at the production sites. Furthermore, after chamber completion, a thorough program of quality assurance is implemented to ensure the efficient performance of the chambers during more than ten years of operation in the LHC high rate environment. This program consists of a detailed mapping of the detectors response using cosmic rays, as well as checking the chambers behavior using a high rate radiation source. An aging test performed on five chambers in a serial gas connection is presented. Finally the results of the chambers certification tests performed at CERN before the installation in ATLAS are described.
description: Presented at 2004 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium 2004, Rome, Oct 2004
BaseSAFE: Baseband SAnitized Fuzzing through Emulation
Creators: name: Maier, Dominik
name: Seidel, Lukas
name: Park, Shinjo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Rogue base stations are an effective attack vector. Cellular basebands represent a critical part of the smartphone's security: they parse large amounts of data even before authentication. They can, therefore, grant an attacker a very stealthy way to gather information about calls placed and even to escalate to the main operating system, over-the-air. In this paper, we discuss a novel cellular fuzzing framework that aims to help security researchers find critical bugs in cellular basebands and similar embedded systems. BaseSAFE allows partial rehosting of cellular basebands for fast instrumented fuzzing off-device, even for closed-source firmware blobs. BaseSAFE's sanitizing drop-in allocator, enables spotting heap-based buffer-overflows quickly. Using our proof-of-concept harness, we fuzzed various parsers of the Nucleus RTOS-based MediaTek cellular baseband that are accessible from rogue base stations. The emulator instrumentation is highly optimized, reaching hundreds of executions per second on each core for our complex test case, around 15k test-cases per second in total. Furthermore, we discuss attack vectors for baseband modems. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first use of emulation-based fuzzing for security testing of commercial cellular basebands. Most of the tooling and approaches of BaseSAFE are also applicable for other low-level kernels and firmware. Using BaseSAFE, we were able to find memory corruptions including heap out-of-bounds writes using our proof-of-concept fuzzing harness in the MediaTek cellular baseband. BaseSAFE, the harness, and a large collection of LTE signaling message test cases will be released open-source upon publication of this paper.
Pré-évaluation de la participation du Maroc à l'union monétaire de la CEDEAO
Creators: name: Rabhi, Ayoub
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Economics
subject: 140210 International Economics and International Finance
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: Le choix d’un pays de participer à une union monétaire constitue selon la théorie de la Zone Monétaire Optimal (ZMO), une décision pertinente si les différents participants remplissent un ensemble de critères avancés par cette théorie. Dans ce cadre, la pertinence d’une éventuelle décision du Maroc pour rejoindre la prévue union monétaire de la CEDEAOnécessite une subtilité d’analyse afin de pouvoir évaluer le pré-positionnement économique du Maroc par rapport aux autres membres majeurs de la CEDEAO. Ainsi, notre article apporte quelques réflexions sur les avantages et limites sur cette possible participationà l’union monétaire de la CEDEAO en se basant sur les différentes relations qui existent entre le Maroc et quatre grandes économies de la CEDEAO à savoir : le Nigeria, le Sénégal, le Ghana et la côte d’ivoire.
Synthesis, Engineering, and Theory of 2D van der Waals Magnets
Creators: name: Blei, M.
name: Lado, J. L.
name: Song, Q.
name: Dey, D.
name: Erten, O.
name: Pardo, V.
name: Comin, R.
name: Tongay, S.
name: Botana, A. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Spontaneous magnetic order is a routine instance in three-dimensional (3D) materials but for a long time, it remained elusive in the 2D world. Recently, the first examples of (stand-alone) 2D van der Waals (vdW) crystals with magnetic order, either antiferromagnetic or ferromagnetic, have been reported. In this review, we describe the state of the art of the nascent field of magnetic 2D materials focusing on synthesis, engineering, and theory aspects. We also discuss challenges and some of the many different promising directions for future work.
Numerical Study of Fiber Bragg Grating Sensor: Longitudinal and Transverse Detection of Temperature and Strain
Creators: name: Cyber Science
name: K. Khelil
name: H. Ammar
name: K. Saouchi
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Fiber Bragg Grating (FBG) structure is an periodically modulated optical fiber. It acts as a selective filter of wavelength whose reflected peak is called Bragg wavelength and it depends on the period of the fiber and the refractive index. The simulation of FBG is based on solving the Coupled Mode Theory equation by using the Transfer Matrix Method which is carried out using MATLAB. It is found that spectral reflectivity is shifted when the change of temperature and strain is uniform. Under non-uniform temperature or strain perturbation, the spectrum is both shifted and destroyed. In case of transverse loading, reflectivity spectrum is split into two peaks, the first is specific to X axis, and the second belongs to Y axis. FBGs are used in civil engineering to detect perturbations applied to buildings.
Non-iterative and exact method for constraining particles in a linear geometry
Creators: name: Tapia-McClung, Horacio
name: Grønbech-Jensen, Niels
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a practical numerical method for evaluating the Lagrange multipliers necessary for maintaining a constrained linear geometry of particles in dynamical simulations. The method involves no iterations, and is limited in accuracy only by the numerical methods for solving small systems of linear equations. As a result of the non-iterative and exact (within numerical accuracy) nature of the procedure there is no drift in the constrained geometry, and the method is therefore readily applied to molecular dynamics simulations of, e.g., rigid linear molecules or materials of non-spherical grains. We illustrate the approach through implementation in the commonly used second-order velocity explicit Verlet method.
description: 12 pages, 2 figures
Minimal gauge-Higgs unification with a flavour symmetry
Creators: name: Martinelli, G.
name: Salvatori, M.
name: Scrucca, C. A.
name: Silvestrini, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that a flavour symmetry a la Froggatt-Nielsen can be naturally incorporated in models with gauge-Higgs unification, by exploiting the heavy fermions that are anyhow needed to realize realistic Yukawa couplings. The case of the minimal five-dimensional model, in which the SU(2)_L x U(1)_Y electroweak group is enlarged to an SU(3)_W group, and then broken to U(1)_em by the combination of an orbifold projection and a Scherk-Schwarz twist, is studied in detail. We show that the minimal way of incorporating a U(1)_F flavour symmetry is to enlarge it to an SU(2)_F group, which is then completely broken by the same orbifold projection and Scherk-Schwarz twist. The general features of this construction, where ordinary fermions live on the branes defined by the orbifold fixed-points and messenger fermions live in the bulk, are compared to those of ordinary four-dimensional flavour models, and some explicit examples are constructed.
description: LaTex, 37 pages, 2 figures; some clarifying comments and a few references added
Geophysical studies with laser-beam detectors of gravitational waves
Creators: name: Grishchuk, L. P.
name: Kulagin, V. V.
name: Rudenko, V. N.
name: Serdobolski, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The existing high technology laser-beam detectors of gravitational waves may find very useful applications in an unexpected area - geophysics. To make possible the detection of weak gravitational waves in the region of high frequencies of astrophysical interest, ~ 30 - 10^3 Hz, control systems of laser interferometers must permanently monitor, record and compensate much larger external interventions that take place in the region of low frequencies of geophysical interest, ~ 10^{-5} - 3 X 10^{-3} Hz. Such phenomena as tidal perturbations of land and gravity, normal mode oscillations of Earth, oscillations of the inner core of Earth, etc. will inevitably affect the performance of the interferometers and, therefore, the information about them will be stored in the data of control systems. We specifically identify the low-frequency information contained in distances between the interferometer mirrors (deformation of Earth) and angles between the mirrors' suspensions (deviations of local gravity vectors and plumb lines). We show that the access to the angular information may require some modest amendments to the optical scheme of the interferometers, and we suggest the ways of doing that. The detailed evaluation of environmental and instrumental noises indicates that they will not prevent, even if only marginally, the detection of interesting geophysical phenomena. Gravitational-wave instruments seem to be capable of reaching, as a by-product of their continuous operation, very ambitious geophysical goals, such as observation of the Earth's inner core oscillations.
description: 29 pages including 8 figures, modifications and clarifications in response to referees' comments, to be published in Class. Quant. Grav
Uma análise sobre o emprego setorial brasileiro
Creators: name: Barreto, Rodrigo S.
name: Toyoshima, Silvia Harumi
name: Timm, Guilherme Marciano
name: Navarro, Tarik L.F. Pereira
name: Barreto, Rodrigo S.
name: Toyoshima, Silvia Harumi
name: Timm, Guilherme Marciano
name: Navarro, Tarik L.F. Pereira
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Labor and Human Capital
subject: Sectoral dispersion of employment
subject: Technological and organizational changes
subject: Demand changes

description: The purpose of this article was to evaluate the impact of recent changes in Brazilian economy on to sectoral employment structure, in the period 1988-2006, through the identification of the main explanations of sectoral dispersion of employment, with the largest exposure of the Brazilian economy to the international market and mainly after implementation of the Plano Real. The methodology consisted in the calculation of an index of sectoral dispersion of employment followed by a correlation test between sectoral dispersion index and normalized index of the number of available jobs. The results show that before the implementation of the Plano Real changes in sectoral demand were the main reason for modifications in sectoral changes of employment. On the other hand, pure sectoral changes, attributed to the technological, organizational and productive changes, were verified after the Plano Real, in 1994. Since 2004, the results indicate that economic changes’ effects have reduced and the sectoral changes of employment happen again more owing to changes in sectoral demand.
Efficient Bayesian phase estimation using mixed priors
Creators: name: Berg, Ewout van den
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe an efficient implementation of Bayesian quantum phase estimation in the presence of noise and multiple eigenstates. The main contribution of this work is the dynamic switching between different representations of the phase distributions, namely truncated Fourier series and normal distributions. The Fourier-series representation has the advantage of being exact in many cases, but suffers from increasing complexity with each update of the prior. This necessitates truncation of the series, which eventually causes the distribution to become unstable. We derive bounds on the error in representing normal distributions with a truncated Fourier series, and use these to decide when to switch to the normal-distribution representation. This representation is much simpler, and was proposed in conjunction with rejection filtering for approximate Bayesian updates. We show that, in many cases, the update can be done exactly using analytic expressions, thereby greatly reducing the time complexity of the updates. Finally, when dealing with a superposition of several eigenstates, we need to estimate the relative weights. This can be formulated as a convex optimization problem, which we solve using a gradient-projection algorithm. By updating the weights at exponentially scaled iterations we greatly reduce the computational complexity without affecting the overall accuracy.
Compensações financeiras e royalties hidrelétricos na determinação do investimento público e das despesas sociais
Creators: name: Quintela, Mirelle C. De Abreu
name: Carvalho, Fatima Marilia Andrade De
name: Quintela, Mirelle C. De Abreu
name: Carvalho, Fatima Marilia Andrade De
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Public Economics
subject: Hydroelectric royalties
subject: Budget revenue
subject: Public expenses

description: Based on the regulation about the compensatory payment for using the water resources and land flooding for the generation of electric power, this study was carried out to evaluate the effect of the "extra" financial resource – financial compensations and hydroelectric royalties – in budget revenue formation and in the public expenses determination of the receiving municipalities in Minas Gerais. From the discussions about the determinants of the government expenses the public county accounts were estimated regressions with data panel for each of the municipal expenses under consideration (investment, housing and urbanization, health and sanitation, education and culture), and proportion indexes and growth rates of expenses and incomes were calculated. The main sources of municipal income (compensatory resources, Municipal Participation Fund – FPM, Taxes on Circulation of Goods and Services – ICMS, Urban Territorial Property Tax – IPTU, Any nature Service Tax – ISS, and county taxes) served as explanatory variables. The results showed the budget revenue availability is significant to determining the county public expenses, and confirmed the power of the financial payoffs and hydroelectric royalties on expansion of the county expense in local infrastructure. This was apprehended mainly by the elasticities of the functions estimated for the investment, housing, urbanization, health and sanitation expenses.
Twisted-Austere Submanifolds in Euclidean Space
Creators: name: Ivey, Thomas A.
name: Karigiannis, Spiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53B25, 53C38, 53C40, 53D12, 58A15

description: A twisted-austere $k$-fold $(M, μ)$ in $\mathbb R^n$ consists of a $k$-dimensional submanifold $M$ of $\mathbb R^n$ together with a closed $1$-form $μ$ on $M$ such that the `twisted conormal bundle' $N^* M + μ$ is a special Lagrangian submanifold of $\mathbb C^n$. The 1-form $μ$ and the second fundamental form of $M$ must satisfy a particular system of coupled nonlinear second order PDE. We first review these twisted-austere conditions and give an explicit example. Then we focus on twisted-austere 3-folds, giving a geometric description of all solutions when the base $M$ is a cylinder and when $M$ is austere. Finally, we prove that, other than the case of a generalized helicoid in $\mathbb R^5$ discovered by Bryant, there are no other possibilities for the base $M$. This gives a complete classification of twisted-austere $3$-folds in $\mathbb R^n$.
description: 31 pages. Final published version. (A few minor misprints corrected)
The effect of interchain interaction on the pairing symmetry competition in organic superconductors (TMTSF)$_2$X
Creators: name: Kuroki, Kazuhiko
name: Tanaka, Yukio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the effect of interchain repulsive interaction on the pairing symmetry competition in quasi-one-dimensional organic superconductors (TMTSF)$_2$X by applying random phase approximation and quantum Monte Carlo calculation to an extended Hubbard model. We find that interchain repulsive interaction enhances the $2k_F$ charge fluctuations, thereby making the possibility of spin-triplet $f$-wave pairing dominating over spin-singlet d-wave pairing realistic.
description: 4 pages
Dalailama Staudinger 1896
Creators: name: Wang, Xing
name: Wang, Min
name: Zolotuhin, Vadim V.
name: Hirowatari, Toshiya
name: Wu, Shipher
name: Huang, Guo-Hua
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2015
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Bombycidae
Dalailama

description: XX. Dalailama Staudinger, 1896 (FIGURES 36–37)
Dalailama Staudinger, 1896, Dt. ent. Z. Iris 8 (2): 303. Type species: Dalailama bifurca Staudinger, 1896, by monotypy. Dailalama: Staudinger, 1901, Cat. Lepid. palaearct. Faunengeb. (1): 128. Incorrect subsequent spelling.
Deilelamia: Pagenstecher, 1909, Geschichte eur. Schmett.: 433. Incorrect subsequent spelling.
Diagnosis. Characterized by khaki or maroon-brown ground colour, antenna in male pectinate basally and filiform distally, fore- and hindwings with complex patterns of lines, discal cell with a black spot outlined in white, uncus bifid, a dark protuberance on the valva. Female similar to male but antenna filiform and forewing apex slightly falcate.
Distribution. Sino-Himalayan Region.
Remarks. This genus was established without being placed in a family. Staudinger (1901) included it in Bombycidae, a placement with which Grünberg (1911) and Fletcher & Nye (1982) agreed. We concur and here record two species from China (Map 20).
Map 20. Distribution of Dalailama spp. mainly in China.
description: Published as part of Wang, Xing, Wang, Min, Zolotuhin, Vadim V., Hirowatari, Toshiya, Wu, Shipher & Huang, Guo-Hua, 2015, The fauna of the family Bombycidae sensu lato (Insecta, Lepidoptera, Bombycoidea) from Mainland China, Taiwan and Hainan Islands, pp. 1-138 in Zootaxa 3989 (1) on page 95, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3989.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/238716
Transmissão de preços entre mercados regionais de carne de frango no Brasil
Creators: name: Mattos, Leonardo Bornacki De
name: Lirio, Viviani Silva
name: Lima, Joao Eustaquio De
name: Campos, Antonio Carvalho
name: Mattos, Leonardo Bornacki De
name: Lirio, Viviani Silva
name: Lima, Joao Eustaquio De
name: Campos, Antonio Carvalho
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Market integration
subject: Transaction costs
subject: Chicken meat
subject: Cointegration
subject: Threshold

description: Non-negligible transaction costs restrict the transmission of price shock between markets. The aim of this work was to analyze the effects of transaction costs on the spatial integration of the internal market for chicken meat, from 1998 to 2007. The applied methodology was based on the Threshold Cointegration Analysis. The results indicate the presence of significant barriers to the price transmission between the markets, existing probably due to the transaction costs. Prices are not very sensitive to eventual deviations of the long run equilibrium. It could also be noted that a relatively long period is necessary to eliminate price shocks, and the price transmission process is asymmetric.
Dalailama bifurca Staudinger 1896
Creators: name: Wang, Xing
name: Wang, Min
name: Zolotuhin, Vadim V.
name: Hirowatari, Toshiya
name: Wu, Shipher
name: Huang, Guo-Hua
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2015
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Bombycidae
Dalailama
Dalailama bifurca

description: 63. Dalailama bifurca Staudinger, 1896 (FIGURES 36 A–36D, 37A, 37C)
Dalailama bifurca Staudinger, 1895 [1896], Dt. ent. Z. Iris 8 (2): 303, pl. 5, fig. 9. TL: [Qinghai, China] ”im innern Tibet, zwischen dem Lob Noor und Kuku Noor”. Lectotype: male (ZMHU) [examined].
Diagnosis. Characterized by the following features: medial line of forewing arched, area between antemedial and postmedial lines darker; distal to postmedial line with a white line reaching apex, veins not highlighted in white.
Specimens examined. [SHAANXI] Foping County: 1 male, Mts. Tsinling, 1900 m, 33˚45’N, 107˚01’E, June 2004, Siniaev & his team leg. (MWM); Taibai County (Mt. Taibaishan): 3 males, Dudamen village, 2600 m, 33˚55’N, 107˚44’E, June 2006, Siniaev & his team leg. (MWM); 4 males, Houzhenzi village, 33˚52’N, 107˚44’E, 2600 m, 10–12.V.2000, Viktor Sinyaev & Plutenko leg. (MWM); [SICHUAN] road from Songpan to Zoige: 1 male, 3500 m, 32˚55’ N, 103˚24’ E, 5.VII.2010, Floriani & Saldaitis leg. (MWM); road from Songpan to Jiuzhaigou: 1 female, 2600 m, 33˚12’ N, 103˚44’ E, 3.VII.2010, Floriani & Saldaitis leg. leg. (MWM); [XIZANG (TIBET)] Kuku-Noor: 1 male, 21.IX.1898, Rückbeil, bifurca Staudinger.
Bionomics. The host is unknown. The adults are on the wing from June to July in Sichuan Province.
Distribution. Mianland China (Shaanxi, Sichuan, Xinjiang, Qinghai, Xizang (Tibet)).
Remarks. This species flies on the Tibetan Plateau and Qingling Mountains. All specimens were collected by light trapping.
description: Published as part of Wang, Xing, Wang, Min, Zolotuhin, Vadim V., Hirowatari, Toshiya, Wu, Shipher & Huang, Guo-Hua, 2015, The fauna of the family Bombycidae sensu lato (Insecta, Lepidoptera, Bombycoidea) from Mainland China, Taiwan and Hainan Islands, pp. 1-138 in Zootaxa 3989 (1) on page 96, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3989.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/238716
Spectral Learning on Matrices and Tensors
Creators: name: Janzamin, Majid
name: Ge, Rong
name: Kossaifi, Jean
name: Anandkumar, Anima
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Spectral methods have been the mainstay in several domains such as machine learning and scientific computing. They involve finding a certain kind of spectral decomposition to obtain basis functions that can capture important structures for the problem at hand. The most common spectral method is the principal component analysis (PCA). It utilizes the top eigenvectors of the data covariance matrix, e.g. to carry out dimensionality reduction. This data pre-processing step is often effective in separating signal from noise. PCA and other spectral techniques applied to matrices have several limitations. By limiting to only pairwise moments, they are effectively making a Gaussian approximation on the underlying data and fail on data with hidden variables which lead to non-Gaussianity. However, in most data sets, there are latent effects that cannot be directly observed, e.g., topics in a document corpus, or underlying causes of a disease. By extending the spectral decomposition methods to higher order moments, we demonstrate the ability to learn a wide range of latent variable models efficiently. Higher-order moments can be represented by tensors, and intuitively, they can encode more information than just pairwise moment matrices. More crucially, tensor decomposition can pick up latent effects that are missed by matrix methods, e.g. uniquely identify non-orthogonal components. Exploiting these aspects turns out to be fruitful for provable unsupervised learning of a wide range of latent variable models. We also outline the computational techniques to design efficient tensor decomposition methods. We introduce Tensorly, which has a simple python interface for expressing tensor operations. It has a flexible back-end system supporting NumPy, PyTorch, TensorFlow and MXNet amongst others, allowing multi-GPU and CPU operations and seamless integration with deep-learning functionalities.
Cosmology of "Visible" Sterile Neutrinos
Creators: name: Gelmini, Graciela B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We point out that in scenarios with a low reheating temperature $T_R << 100$ MeV at the end of (the last episode of) inflation or entropy production, the abundance of sterile neutrinos becomes largely independent of their coupling to active neutrinos. Thus, cosmological bounds become less stringent than usually assumed, allowing sterile neutrinos to be ``visible'' in future experiments. For example, the sterile neutrino required by the LSND result does not have any cosmological problem within these scenarios.
description: Talk given at the ``8th Workshop on Non-Perturbative Quantum Chromodynamics", June 7-11, 2004, Paris, France; 7 pages, 2 figures
Comparativo do custo de transporte e do frete rodoviário de açúcar para exportação, originado de polos paulistas
Creators: name: Oliveira, Carolina De Freitas
name: Oliva, Ciro Villela
name: Passoni, Daniela Cristina
name: Loreti, Joao Victor C.
name: Stefanini, Mariana Papa
name: Reijers, Rhuana
name: Caixeta Filho, Jose Vicente
name: Oliveira, Carolina De Freitas
name: Oliva, Ciro Villela
name: Passoni, Daniela Cristina
name: Loreti, Joao Victor C.
name: Stefanini, Mariana Papa
name: Reijers, Rhuana
name: Caixeta Filho, Jose Vicente
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Sugar exportation
subject: Road transportation
subject: Transport costs

description: Brazil is, today, the largest producer and exporter of sugar in the world, having as main competitors and price makers India and China. In the production of this commodity, there are the sugar mills and ethanol in the State of Sao Paulo. The disposal of the product is mainly done by road transportation due to the greater speed and flexibility when compared to other modes, covering distances from production plants to their ultimate destination, the Port of Santos. In this scenario, the study evaluated the impact of transport costs (fixed and variable costs) on the values of the freight charged for the final transfer of the described commodity at the port. Analyzed the importance of the road freight for the formation of the final price of the sugar for exportation, it can be noticed that it observed great variability due to several factors, among them the cost of transportation.
Approximate Ridesharing of Personal Vehicles Problem
Creators: name: Gu, Qian-Ping
name: Liang, Jiajian Leo
name: Zhang, Guochuan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Data Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: F.2
subject: 68W25

description: The ridesharing problem is that given a set of trips, each trip consists of an individual, a vehicle of the individual and some requirements, select a subset of trips and use the vehicles of selected trips to deliver all individuals to their destinations satisfying the requirements. Requirements of trips are specified by parameters including source, destination, vehicle capacity, preferred paths of a driver, detour distance and number of stops a driver is willing to make, and time constraints. We analyze the relations between the time complexity and parameters for two optimization problems: minimizing the number of selected vehicles and minimizing total travel distance of the vehicles. We consider the following conditions: (1) all trips have the same source or same destination, (2) no detour is allowed, (3) each participant has one preferred path, (4) no limit on the number of stops, and (5) all trips have the same departure and same arrival time. It is known that both minimization problems are NP-hard if one of Conditions (1), (2) and (3) is not satisfied. We prove that both problems are NP-hard and further show that it is NP-hard to approximate both problems within a constant factor if Conditions (4) or (5) is not satisfied. We give $\frac{K+2}{2}$-approximation algorithms for minimizing the number of selected vehicles when condition (4) is not satisfied, where $K$ is the largest capacity of all vehicles.
description: 39 pages, 6 figures
The influence of personality and demands of the environment of prospective memory performance
Creators: name: Cuttler, Carrie
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Prospective memory is memory for recollecting intentions, plans, promises, and agreements. Individuals' performance on tasks requiring prospective memory varies a great deal. We explored whether some of this variability stems from individual differences in personality and demands of the environment. As a secondary objective we explored whether the age-related changes in prospective memory performance that have previously been attributed to declining cognitive resources can also be explained by age-related differences in personality and demands of the environment. Participants were community-dwelling healthy individuals (n = 141) between 18 and 81 years of age. Participants completed three different prospective memory tasks. Two of these tasks were lab-based - the intention had to be executed in the laboratory, while the third was field-based - the intention had to be executed in the context of the participants' daily life and activities. Participants also completed various indicators of personality, demands of the environment, and cognitive ability. The results indicated that personality and demands of the environment reliably predicted who will succeed and who will fail on all three prospective memory tasks. However, the best predictors of performance varied across the three prospective memory tasks. Specifically, conscientiousness predicted performance on the field task and one of the lab tasks while socially prescribed perfectionism and neuroticism each predicted performance on one of the lab tasks. Accordingly, the influence of personality and demands of the environment on the relationship between age and prospective memory performance also varied across the three tasks. On some prospective memory tasks age-related differences in personality and demands of the environment compounded with older adults' declining cognitive resources to impair prospective memory performance while on other tasks they acted as a partial or a complete buffer against these declining cognitive resources.
High-energy neutrino emission from X-ray binaries
Creators: name: Christiansen, Hugo R.
name: Orellana, Mariana
name: Romero, Gustavo E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that high-energy neutrinos can be efficiently produced in X-ray binaries with relativistic jets and high-mass primary stars. We consider a system where the star presents a dense equatorial wind and the jet has a small content of relativistic protons. In this scenario, neutrinos and correlated gamma-rays result from pp interactions and the subsequent pion decays. As a particular example we consider the microquasar LS I +61 303. Above 1 TeV, we obtain a mean-orbital neutrino muon induced luminosity of 5 10^34 erg/s which can be related to an event rate of 4-5 muon-type neutrinos per kilometer-squared per year after considering the signal attenuation due to maximal neutrino oscillations. The maximal neutrino energies here considered will range between 20 and 85 TeV along the orbit. The local infrared photon-field is responsible for opacity effects on the associated gamma radiation at high energies, but below 50 GeV the source could be detected by MAGIC telescope. GLAST observations at photon energies E>100 MeV should also reveal a strong source.
description: Version improved. To appear in Phys Rev D. 5 figures
Dalailama vadim Witt 2006
Creators: name: Wang, Xing
name: Wang, Min
name: Zolotuhin, Vadim V.
name: Hirowatari, Toshiya
name: Wu, Shipher
name: Huang, Guo-Hua
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2015
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Bombycidae
Dalailama
Dalailama vadim

description: 64. Dalailama vadim Witt, 2006 (FIGURES 36 E–36F, 37B, 37D)
Dalailama vadim Witt, 2006, Entomofauna 27 (3): 48. TL: “Sichuan, China, 3000 m, 20 km western Qiaoqi town, 55 km north of Baoxing”. Holotype: male (MWM) [examined].
Diagnosis. Very similar to D. bifurca, but can be easily distinguished by the white-highlighted veins distal to the postmedial postmedial line on both pairs of wings.
Specimens examined. [SICHUAN] Baoxing County (Mts. Qionglai): 2 males, holotype & paratype, 3000 m, 20 km western Qiaoqi town, 55 km north of Baoxing, 8–10.VII.2003, S. Murzin leg. (MWM); Luding County (Moxi Town): 1 male and 1 female, 18.VII.2004, Min Wang & Liu-Sheng Chen leg. (SCAU); 1 male, 20.VII.2004, Min Wang & Liu-Sheng Chen leg. (SCAU); 1 male, 18.VI.2005, Guo-Hua Huang & Liu-Sheng Chen leg. (HUNAU); 1 male, 19.VII.2009, Min Wang & Guo-Hua Huang leg. (HUNAU); Kangding County: 1 male, 3200 m, 25.VI.1993 (MWM); Lushan County: 1 male, top of Mt. Xilingxueshan, 3200 m, 09.VII.2010, Gun Chen leg. (MWM).
Bionomics. The host is unknown. Adults appear from June to July.
Distribution. Mainland China (Sichuan).
Remarks. This species is only known from the Gonggashan area. All specimens were collected by light trapping.
description: Published as part of Wang, Xing, Wang, Min, Zolotuhin, Vadim V., Hirowatari, Toshiya, Wu, Shipher & Huang, Guo-Hua, 2015, The fauna of the family Bombycidae sensu lato (Insecta, Lepidoptera, Bombycoidea) from Mainland China, Taiwan and Hainan Islands, pp. 1-138 in Zootaxa 3989 (1) on page 96, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3989.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/238716