cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Thermal Hall effect in a van der Waals ferromagnet CrI3
Creators: name: Xu, Chunqiang
name: Zhang, Heda
name: Carnahan, Caitlin
name: Zhang, Pengpeng
name: Xiao, Di
name: Ke, Xianglin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: CrI3 is a prototypical van der Waals ferromagnet with a magnetic honeycomb lattice. Previous inelastic neutron scattering studies have suggested topological nature of its magnetic excitations with a magnon gap at the Dirac points, which are anticipated to give rise to magnon thermal Hall effect. Here we report thermal transport properties of CrI3 and show that the long-sought thermal Hall signal anticipated for topological magnons is fairly small. In contrast, we find that CrI3 exhibits an appreciable anomalous thermal Hall signal at lower temperature which may arise from magnon-phonon hybridization or magnon-phonon scattering. These findings are anticipated to stimulate further neutron scattering studies on CrI3 single crystal, which can shed light not only on the intrinsic nature of magnetic excitations but also on the magnon-phonon interaction.
Wasserstoff-Verteiloptionen 2035
Creators: name: Spillmann, Thorsten
name: Nolden, Christoph
name: Ragwitz, Mario
name: Pieton, Natalia
name: Sander, Philipp
name: Rublack, Liane
name: :Unav
Publisher: name: Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft
Year: 2024

description: Diese Studie wurde im Rahmen des Projekts »HySupply-Deutsch-Australische Machbarkeitsstudie zu Wasserstoff aus erneuerbaren Energien« in Auftrag gegeben. Gefördert durch das Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung unter dem Förderkennzeichen 03EW0027. Verbundpartner im Projekt HySupply acatech-Deutsche Akademie der Technikwissenschaften Karolinenplatz 4, 80333 München BDI-Bundesverband der Deutschen Industrie e.V.
Additional file 2 of Impact of caesarean delivery on children’s autism-like behaviours: the mediation of exclusive breastfeeding
Creators: name: Qin, Xiaoyun
name: Li, Peixuan
name: Wu, Ya
name: Wang, Xiaoxu
name: Yan, Shuangqin
name: Xu, Yeqing
name: Zhu, Peng
name: Hao, Jiahu
name: Tao, Fangbiao
name: Huang, Kun
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Mental Health

description: Additional file 2.
Analysis of Uncertain Data: Selection of Probes for Information Gathering
Creators: name: Gershman, Anatole
name: Fink, Eugene
name: Fu, Bin
name: Carbonell, Jaime G.
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 1977
Subjects: subject: 89999 Information and Computing Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We consider the problem of gathering data for evaluation of given hypotheses, and describe a method for analyzing tradeoffs between the expected utility and the cost of data collection.
Comment on "Carnot efficiency at divergent power output" (and additional discussion)
Creators: name: Apertet, Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In a recent Letter [EPL, 118 (2017) 40003], Polettini and Esposito claimed that it is theoretically possible for a thermodynamic machine to achieve Carnot efficiency at divergent power output through the use of infinitely-fast processes. It appears however that this assertion is misleading as it is not supported by their derivations as demonstrated below. In this Comment, we first show that there is a confusion regarding the notion of optimal efficiency. We then analyze the quantum dot engine described in Ref. [EPL, 118 (2017) 40003] and demonstrate that Carnot efficiency is recovered only for vanishing output power. Moreover, a discussion on the use of infinite thermodynamical forces to reach Carnot efficiency is also presented in the appendix.
description: Modified version compared to the manuscript submitted to EPL
Van der Waerden/Schrijver-Valiant like Conjectures and Stable (aka Hyperbolic) Homogeneous Polynomials : One Theorem for all
Creators: name: Gurvits, Leonid
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Let $p$ be a homogeneous polynomial of degree $n$ in $n$ variables, $p(z_1,...,z_n) = p(Z)$, $Z \in C^{n}$. We call such a polynomial $p$ {\bf H-Stable} if $p(z_1,...,z_n) \neq 0$ provided the real parts $Re(z_i) > 0, 1 \leq i \leq n$. This notion from {\it Control Theory} is closely related to the notion of {\it Hyperbolicity} used intensively in the {\it PDE} theory. The main theorem in this paper states that if $p(x_1,...,x_n)$ is a homogeneous {\bf H-Stable} polynomial of degree $n$ with nonnegative coefficients; $deg_{p}(i)$ is the maximum degree of the variable $x_i$, $C_i = \min(deg_{p}(i),i)$ and $$ Cap(p) = \inf_{x_i > 0, 1 \leq i \leq n} \frac{p(x_1,...,x_n)}{x_1 ... x_n} $$ then the following inequality holds $$ \frac{\partial^n}{\partial x_1... \partial x_n} p(0,...,0) \geq Cap(p) \prod_{2 \leq i \leq n} (\frac{C_i -1}{C_i})^{C_{i}-1}. $$ This inequality is a vast (and unifying) generalization of the Van der Waerden conjecture on the permanents of doubly stochastic matrices as well as the Schrijver-Valiant conjecture on the number of perfect matchings in $k$-regular bipartite graphs. These two famous results correspond to the {\bf H-Stable} polynomials which are products of linear forms. Our proof is relatively simple and ``noncomputational''; it uses just very basic properties of complex numbers and the AM/GM inequality.
description: A slightly corrected (a few typos fixed) version of EJC paper. This version is self-contained and elementary. Written as a Lecture Notes, can be used in an undergraduate/graduate combinatorics course
Positional information trade-offs in boundary-driven reaction-diffusion systems
Creators: name: Berx, Jonas
name: Singh, Prashant
name: Proesmans, Karel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Individual components such as cells, particles, or agents within a larger system often require detailed understanding of their relative position to act accordingly, enabling the system as a whole to function in an organised and efficient manner. Through the concept of positional information, such components are able to specify their position in order to, e.g., create robust spatial patterns or coordinate specific functionality. Such complex behaviour generally occurs far from thermodynamic equilibrium and thus requires the dissipation of free energy to sustain functionality. We show that in boundary-driven simple exclusion systems with position-dependent Langmuir kinetics, non-trivial Pareto-optimal trade-offs exist between the positional information, rescaled entropy production rate and global reaction current. Phase transitions in the optimal protocols that tune the densities of the system boundaries emerge as a result, showing that distinct protocols are able to exchange global optimality similar to phase coexistence in liquid-gas phase transitions, and that increasing the positional information can lead to diminishing returns when considering increased dissipation.
description: 13 pages, 9 figures
Analysis of Uncertain Data: Evaluation of Given Hypotheses
Creators: name: Gershman, Anatole
name: Fink, Eugene
name: Fu, Bin
name: Carbonell, Jaime G.
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 1966
Subjects: subject: 89999 Information and Computing Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We consider the problem of heuristic evaluation of given hypotheses based on limited observations, in situations when available data are insufficient for rigorous statistical analysis.
The Heisenberg spin-1/2 XXZ chain in the presence of electric and magnetic fields
Creators: name: Thakur, Pradeep
name: Durganandini, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the interplay of electric and magnetic order in the one dimensional Heisenberg spin-1/2 XXZ chain with large Ising anisotropy in the presence of the Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya (D-M) interaction and with longitudinal and transverse magnetic fields, interpreting the D-M interaction as a coupling between the local electric polarization and an external electric field. We obtain the ground state phase diagram using the density matrix renormalization group method and compute various ground state quantities like the magnetization, staggered magnetization, electric polarization and spin correlation functions, etc. In the presence of both longitudinal and transverse magnetic fields, there are three different phases corresponding to a gapped Néel phase with antiferromagnetic (AF) order, gapped saturated phase and a critical incommensurate gapless phase. The external electric field modifies the phase boundaries but does not lead to any new phases. Both external magnetic fields and electric fields can be used to tune between the phases. We also show that the transverse magnetic field induces a vector chiral order in the Néel phase (even in the absence of an electric field) which can be interpreted as an electric polarization in a direction parallel to the AF order.
description: 14 pages, 12 figures, to be published in Physical Review B (2018)
Going on the Offensive: Attack Ads and Canadian Youth Perceptions of and Engagement with the Democratic Process
Creators: name: Reed, Cody
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2020

description: Many western democracies are facing declining voter turnout rates, but that decline is most significant amongst the youth demographic. In 2011, only 38.8% of Canadian youth cast their ballots in the federal election. Meanwhile campaign communications continue to favour negativity in the form of attack ads, while youth continue to report adverse perceptions of negative political advertising and a general distrust and disconnect towards politicians. There are indications that this distrust comes from a feeling, as a cohort, that they are largely ignored and marginalized from meaningful political discussion. By looking at youth engagement through the theoretical perspective of the public sphere, this semi-structured focus group study asked Canadian youth how they perceive attack ads, and how this style of campaigning impacts their perceptions of and engagement with the democratic process more generally. Youth largely denounced attack ads and their design as misleading, and claimed they failed to discuss issues that were relevant to them. Youth feel marginalized from political discourse and do not feel that politicians are doing enough to make the process more accessible. This research provides important findings for political communication researchers and campaign staffers, but also presents challenges and implications for the long-term health and representativeness of both the public sphere and our democratic process more broadly.
Analysis of Transaction Logs for Insights into Use of Life Oral Histories
Creators: name: Christel, Michael G
name: Maher, Bryan
name: Li, Huan
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 1973
Subjects: subject: 89999 Information and Computing Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: A digital video library of over 900 hours of video and 18000 stories from The HistoryMakers was used by 214 students, faculty, librarians, and life-long learners interacting with a system providing multiple search and viewing capabilities over a trial period of several months. User demographics and actions were logged, providing metrics on how the system was used. This poster overviews a few highlights from these transaction logs of the Informedia digital video library system for life oral histories.
Explain DAMPE Results by Dark Matter With Hierarchical Lepton-Specific Yukawa Interactions
Creators: name: Liu, Guo-Li
name: Wang, Fei
name: Wang, Wenyu
name: Yang, Jin Min
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose to interpret the DAMPE electron excess at 1.5 TeV through scalar or Dirac fermion dark matter (DM) annihilation with doubly charged scalar mediators that have lepton-specific Yukawa couplings. Hierarchy of such lepton-specific Yukawa couplings is generated through the Froggatt-Nielsen mechanism, so that the dark matter annihilation products can be dominantly electrons. Stringent constraints from LEP2 on intermediate vector boson production can be evaded in our scenarios. In the case of scalar DM, we discuss one scenario with DM annihilating directly to leptons and the other scenario with DM annihilating to scalar mediators followed by their decays. We also discuss the Breit-Wigner resonant enhancement and the Sommerfeld enhancement in case that the s-wave annihilation process is small or helicity suppressed. With both types of enhancement, constraints on the parameters can be relaxed and new ways for model building will be open in explaining the DAMPE results.
description: Published Version; 14 pages, 6 figures; Typos corrected
Momentum polytopes of rank one for multiplicity free quasi-Hamiltonian manifolds
Creators: name: Paulus, Kay
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Symplectic Geometry (math.SG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 14M27

description: We classify all momentum polytopes of rank one for multiplicity free quasi-Hamiltonian $K$-manifolds for simple and simply connected Lie groups $K$ by using the methods developed in a recent paper by F. Knop. This leads to lots of new concrete examples of multiplicity free quasi-Hamiltonian manifolds or equivalently, Hamiltonian loop group actions.
description: 29 pages. Part of my doctoral project; v2: Minor changes
Additional file 1 of A case report of Klebsiella aerogenes-caused lumbar spine infection identified by metagenome next-generation sequencing
Creators: name: Gu, Huajie
name: Cai, Qingqing
name: Dai, Xiaoyong
name: Wang, Huanhuan
name: Xu, Wenying
name: Cao, Xuejie
name: Ye, Youwen
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1: Technical Appendix.
A CFD investigation of thermal hot spots in the ignition process of DEM based three-dimensional propellant beds
Creators: name: Tomaschewski, Daniel
name: :Unav
Publisher: name: Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft
Year: 2023
Subjects: Solid Propellants
Ignition
Discrete Element Method
CFD

description: In this work, the resulting thermal hot spots in a propellant bed caused by the gas flow of the primer in a gun system are investigated. In this process the distribution of the propellant bed is simulated by a three-dimensional discrete element method (DEM) in a generic ammunition case using the DEM-software RockyDEM. The chemical reaction of the solid ignition charge is assumed to be completed and therefore the ignition is simplified by a hot gas flow without microparticles. With the given DEM-Output and the named assumption the heating of the particles by the gas flow emitted by the ignition charge is simulated using an Eulerian computational fluid dynamics (CFD) approach. Ansys Fluent is used to solve the conservation equations with heat transfer. Based on this model, the influence of the center core igniter on the uniformity of the resulting distribution of thermal hotspots as well as the resulting workflow is discussed.
The unusual UV continuum of quasar Ton 34 and the possibility of crystalline dust absorption
Creators: name: Binette, Luc
name: Krongold, Yair
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Luminous quasars are known to display a sharp steepening of the continuum near 1100A. This spectral feature is not well fitted by current accretion disk models, unless comptonization of the disk emission is invoked. Absorption by carbon crystalline dust has been proposed to account for this feature. Ton 34 (z=1.928) exhibits the steepest far-UV decline (F_nu prop nu^{-5.3}) among the 183 quasar HST-FOS spectra analyzed by Telfer et al. It is an ideal object to test the crystalline dust hypothesis as well as alternative interpretations of the UV break. We reconstruct the UV spectral energy distribution of Ton 34 by combining HST, IUE and Palomar spectra. The far-UV continuum shows a very deep continuum trough, which is bounded by a steep far-UV rise. We fit the trough assuming nanodiamond dust grains. Extinction by carbon crystalline dust reproduces the deep absorption trough of Ton 34 reasonably well, but not the observed steep rise in the extreme UV. We also study the possibility of an intrinsic continuum rollover. The dust might be part of a high velocity outflow (13000 km/s), which is observed in absorption in the lines of CIV, OVI, NV and Ly_alpha.
description: 7 figures, to appear in A&A
Explanatory Debiasing: Involving Domain Experts in the Data Generation Process to Mitigate Representation Bias in AI Systems
Creators: name: Bhattacharya, Aditya
name: Stumpf, Simone
name: De Croon, Robin
name: Verbert, Katrien
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Representation bias is one of the most common types of biases in artificial intelligence (AI) systems, causing AI models to perform poorly on underrepresented data segments. Although AI practitioners use various methods to reduce representation bias, their effectiveness is often constrained by insufficient domain knowledge in the debiasing process. To address this gap, this paper introduces a set of generic design guidelines for effectively involving domain experts in representation debiasing. We instantiated our proposed guidelines in a healthcare-focused application and evaluated them through a comprehensive mixed-methods user study with 35 healthcare experts. Our findings show that involving domain experts can reduce representation bias without compromising model accuracy. Based on our findings, we also offer recommendations for developers to build robust debiasing systems guided by our generic design guidelines, ensuring more effective inclusion of domain experts in the debiasing process.
description: Pre-print version, please cite the main article instead of the pre-print version
Trend reversal in the magnetic-field dependence of exciton spin-transfer rates in diluted magnetic semiconductors due to non-Markovian dynamics
Creators: name: Ungar, Florian
name: Cygorek, Moritz
name: Axt, Vollrath Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate theoretically the influence of an external magnetic field on the spin dynamics of excitons in diluted magnetic semiconductor quantum wells. To this end, we apply a quantum kinetic theory beyond the Markov approximation which reveals that non-Markovian effects can significantly influence the exciton spin dynamics. If the magnetic field is oriented parallel to the growth direction of the well, the Markovian spin-transfer rate decreases monotonically with increasing field as predicted by Fermi's golden rule. The quantum kinetic theory follows this result qualitatively but predicts pronounced quantitative differences in the spin-transfer rate as well as in the long-time spin polarization. However, for an in-plane magnetic field, where the Markovian spin-transfer rate first drops and then increases again, quantum kinetic effects become so pronounced that the Markovian trend is completely reversed. This is made evident by a distinct maximum of the rate followed by a monotonic decrease. The deviations can be traced back to a redistribution of carriers in energy space caused by correlations between excitons and magnetic dopants. The same effect leads to a finite electron-spin polarization at long times in longitudinal as well as transverse fields which is much larger than the corresponding Markovian prediction.
description: 17 pages, 7 figures
Analysis of Task Assignment with Cycle Stealing
Creators: name: Harchol-Balter, Mor
name: Cuihong  Li
name: Osogami, Takayuki
name: Wolf, Alan
name: Squillante, Mark S.
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 1990
Subjects: subject: 89999 Information and Computing Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The problem of task assignment in a distributed server system is considered, where short jobs are separated from long jobs, but short jobs may be run in the long job partition if it is idle (cycle stealing). Jobs are assumed to be non-preemptible. New techniques are presented for analyzing this problem, both in the case of immediate dispatch of jobs to hosts and in the case of a central queue. The analysis is approximate, but can be made as close to exact as desired. Analysis is validated via simulation. Results of the analysis show that cycle stealing can reduce mean response time for short jobs by orders of magnitude, while long jobs are only slightly penalized.
Hyperon-Quark Mixed Phase in Compact Stars
Creators: name: Maruyama, Toshiki
name: Chiba, Satoshi
name: Schulze, Hans-Josef
name: Tatsumi, Toshitaka
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the properties of the hadron-quark mixed phase in compact stars using a Brueckner-Hartree-Fock framework for hadronic matter and the MIT bag model for quark matter. We find that the equation of state of the mixed phase is similar to that given by the Maxwell construction. The composition of the mixed phase, however, is very different from that of the Maxwell construction; in particular, hyperons are completely suppressed.
description: oral presentation at INPC 2007, Tokyo
A sufficient condition for the development of superradiant instabilities in charged black-hole spacetimes
Creators: name: Hod, Shahar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The physical and mathematical properties of charged black holes that are linearly coupled to charged massive scalar fields are studied analytically. In particular, we prove that, in the eikonal large-mass regime $Mμ\gg1$, the compact dimensionless inequality $Φ_{\text{H}}>Q/M$ provides a sufficient condition for the development of superradiant instabilities in the curved black-hole spacetime [here $\{M,Q,Φ_{\text{H}}\}$ are respectively the mass, the electric charge, and the horizon electrostatic potential of the central black hole and $μ$ is the proper mass of the field]. The familiar charged Reissner-Nordström black hole does not satisfy this inequality. On the other hand, we explicitly prove that all charged Ayón-Beato-García (ABG) black-hole spacetimes satisfy this analytically derived sufficient condition and may therefore become superradiantly unstable to perturbations of charged massive scalar fields.
description: 9 pages. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2401.07907
Exposure to Food and Beverage Advertising on Television among Canadian Adolescents, 2011 to 2016
Creators: name: Czoli, Christine D
name: Pauzé, Elise
name: Potvin Kent, Monique
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2020
Subjects: adolescents
food advertising
obesity
policy
public health
sugary drinks

description: Adolescents represent a key audience for food advertisers, however there is little evidence of adolescent exposure to food marketing in Canada. This study examined trends in Canadian adolescents' exposure to food advertising on television. To do so, data on 19 food categories were licensed from Nielsen Media Research for May 2011, 2013, and 2016 for the broadcasting market of Toronto, Canada. The average number of advertisements viewed by adolescents aged 12-17 years on 31 television stations during the month of May each year was estimated using television ratings data. Findings revealed that between May 2011 and May 2016, the total number of food advertisements aired on all television stations increased by 4%, while adolescents' average exposure to food advertising decreased by 31%, going from 221 ads in May 2011 to 154 in May 2016. In May 2016, the advertising of fast food and sugary drinks dominated, relative to other categories, accounting for 42% and 11% of all exposures, respectively. The findings demonstrate a declining trend in exposure to television food advertising among Canadian adolescents, which may be due to shifts in media consumption. These data may serve as a benchmark for monitoring and evaluating future food marketing policies in Canada.
Help Supporters: Exploring the Design Space of Assistive Technologies to Support Face-to-Face Help Between Blind and Sighted Strangers
Creators: name: Teng, Yuanyang
name: Courtien, Connor
name: Rios, David Angel
name: Tseng, Yves M.
name: Gibson, Jacqueline
name: Aziz, Maryam
name: Reyna, Avery
name: Vaish, Rajan
name: Smith, Brian A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Blind and low-vision (BLV) people face many challenges when venturing into public environments, often wishing it were easier to get help from people nearby. Ironically, while many sighted individuals are willing to help, such interactions are infrequent. Asking for help is socially awkward for BLV people, and sighted people lack experience in helping BLV people. Through a mixed-ability research-through-design process, we explore four diverse approaches toward how assistive technology can serve as help supporters that collaborate with both BLV and sighted parties throughout the help process. These approaches span two phases: the connection phase (finding someone to help) and the collaboration phase (facilitating help after finding someone). Our findings from a 20-participant mixed-ability study reveal how help supporters can best facilitate connection, which types of information they should present during both phases, and more. We discuss design implications for future approaches to support face-to-face help.
description: To Appear In Proceedings of the 2024 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (Honolulu, HI, USA) Association for Computing Machinery, New York, NY, USA. 24 pages
Analysis of SRPT Scheduling: Investigating Unfairness
Creators: name: Bansal, Nikhil
name: Harchol-Balter, Mor
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 1973
Subjects: subject: 89999 Information and Computing Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The Shortest-Remaining-Processing-Time (SRPT) scheduling policy has long been known to be optimal for minimizing mean response time (sojourn time). Despite this fact, SRPT scheduling is rarely used in practice. It is believed that the performance improvements of SRPT over other scheduling policies stem from the fact that SRPT unfairly penalizes the large jobs in order to help the small jobs. This belief has led people to instead adopt "fair" scheduling policies such as Processor-Sharing (PS), which produces the same expected slowdown for jobs of all sizes.This paper investigates formally the problem of unfairness in SRPT scheduling as compared with PS scheduling. The analysis assumes an M/G/1 model, and emphasizes job size distributions with a heavy-tailed property, as are characteristic of empirical workloads. The analysis shows that the degree of unfairness under SRPT is surprisingly small.The M/G/1/SRPT and M/G/1/PS queues are also analyzed under overload and closed-form expressions for mean response time as a function of job size are proved in this setting.
The Elfe System - Verifying mathematical proofs of undergraduate students
Creators: name: Doré, Maximilian
name: Broda, Krysia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Elfe is an interactive system for teaching basic proof methods in discrete mathematics. The user inputs a mathematical text written in fair English which is converted to a special data-structure of first-order formulas. Certain proof obligations implied by this intermediate representation are checked by automated theorem provers which try to either prove the obligations or find countermodels if an obligation is wrong. The result of the verification process is then returned to the user. Elfe is implemented in Haskell and can be accessed via a reactive web interface or from the command line. Background libraries for sets, relations and functions have been developed. It has been tested by students in the beginning of their mathematical studies.
Quantum Models of Consciousness from a Quantum Information Science Perspective
Creators: name: Gassab, Lea
name: Pusuluk, Onur
name: Cattaneo, Marco
name: Müstecaplıoğlu, Özgür E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This perspective explores various quantum models of consciousness from the viewpoint of quantum information science, offering potential ideas and insights. The models under consideration can be categorized into three distinct groups based on the level at which quantum mechanics might operate within the brain: those suggesting that consciousness arises from electron delocalization within microtubules inside neurons, those proposing it emerges from the electromagnetic field surrounding the entire neural network, and those positing it originates from the interactions between individual neurons governed by neurotransmitter molecules. Our focus is particularly on the Posner model of cognition, for which we provide preliminary calculations on the preservation of entanglement of phosphate molecules within the geometric structure of Posner clusters. These findings provide valuable insights into how quantum information theory can enhance our understanding of brain functions.
Efficient quantum direct communication with authentication
Creators: name: Wen-jie, Liu
name: Han-wu, Chen
name: Zhi-qiang, Li
name: Zhi-hao, Liu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Two protocols of quantum direct communication with authentication [Phys. Rev. A 73, 042305(2006)] were recently indicated to be insecure against the authenticator Trent's attacks [Phys. Rev. A 75, 026301(2007)]. We present two efficient protocols by using four Pauli operations, which are secure against inner Trent's attacks as well as outer Eve's attacks. Finally, we generalize them to multiparty quantum direction communication.
description: 4 pages, 4 tables
On The Question Of Wave Matter Duality.pdf
Creators: name: VIEIRA, ROGER
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 20699 Quantum Physics not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Abstract— Wave matter duality has now moved into the realm of settled science with slit experiments at the core of the debate. The suggestion is that if matter (atoms, molecules) can exhibit wave-like diffraction patterns then surely matter must possess wave properties with the de Broglie equation providing its wavelength. This paper offers a different view of the diffraction patterns observed in slit experiments and demonstrates that wave theory may not be the correct interpretation thus calling into question the very essence of wave matter duality. New concepts and formalisms are introduced all in the context of explaining the physics of slit experiments however these novel methods hold bright promise for further investigation into atomic structures leading to a better understanding of the quantized nature of matter
Zero modes of velocity field and topological invariant in quantum torus
Creators: name: Fan, Annan
name: Liang, Shi-Dong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose the velocity field approach to characterize topological invariants of quantum states. We introduce the indexes of the velocity field flow based on the zero modes of the velocity field and find that these zero modes play the role of effective topological charges or defects linking to Euler characteristic by the Poincaré-Hopf theorem. The global property of the indexes is topological invariants against the parameter deformation. We demonstrate this approach by the quantum torus model and compare the topological invariant with that obtained from the Chern number. We find that the physical mechanism of the topological invariant based on the zero modes of the velocity field is different from that of the topological invariant by the Chern number. The topological invariant characterized by the velocity field describes a homeomorphic topological invariant associated with the zero modes on the submanifold of the base manifold of the SU(2)-fibre bundle for quantum torus, whereas the Chern number characterizes a homotopy invariant associated with the exceptional points in the Brillouin zone. We also propose the generalized winding number in terms of the velocity field for both Hermitian and non-Hermitian systems. This gives a connection between the zero mode and winding number in the velocity space. These results enrich the topological invariants of quantum states and promises us a novel insight to understanding topological invariants of quantum states as well as expected to be further applied in more generic models.
description: 13 pages, 2 figures
Modern Bayesian Sampling Methods for Cosmological Inference: A Comparative Study
Creators: name: Staicova, Denitsa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a comprehensive comparison of different Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) sampling methods, evaluating their performance on both standard test problems and cosmological parameter estimation. Our analysis includes traditional Metropolis-Hastings MCMC, Hamiltonian Monte Carlo (HMC), slice sampling, nested sampling as implemented in dynesty, and PolyChord. We examine samplers through multiple metrics including runtime, memory usage, effective sample size, and parameter accuracy, testing their scaling with dimension and response to different probability distributions. While all samplers perform well with simple Gaussian distributions, we find that HMC and nested sampling show advantages for more complex distributions typical of cosmological problems. Traditional MCMC and slice sampling become less efficient in higher dimensions, while nested methods maintain accuracy but at higher computational cost. In cosmological applications using BAO data, we observe similar patterns, with particular challenges arising from parameter degeneracies and poorly constrained parameters.
description: 16 pages, Final published version,
Une domination invisibilisée : Le vécu des femmes québécoises qui subissent du racisme anti-asiatique
Creators: name: Tran, Julie Quynh Nhi
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2021

description: Le racisme genré envers les femmes asiatiques est encore peu documenté au Québec. Bien que les Asiatiques constituent la plus grande population minoritaire racialisée au Canada, leur position de sujet en tant qu’entité raciale collective a reçu relativement peu d’analyse empirique jusqu’à ce jour (Coloma, 2013). En fait, les femmes asiatiques sont renvoyées à l’image d’être « doublement soumise » parce qu’elles sont à la fois Asiatiques et femmes, conséquemment leur existence sociale ne constitue pas une menace pour l’ordre social et dominant (Pyke & Johnson, 2003). Elles sont donc dévaluées, invalidées et invisibilisées (Brady et al., 2017; Mayuzumi, 2015). Les recherches existantes révèlent que leur corps est constamment sexualisé, ce qui résulte d’une racialisation, sur le plan sexuel de leur identité (Mukkamala & Suyemoto, 2018; Cho, 1997). À l’aide d’une approche féministe intersectionnelle et postcoloniale, cette étude a comme objectif d’avancer les connaissances sur la question du racisme et de la charge raciale, de ses formes et de ses impacts sur les femmes asiatiques. Le cadre théorique utilisé est le racisme genré d’Essed (1991) qui explique que les femmes racialisées expérimentent simultanément du racisme et du sexisme. Cette forme unique d’oppression se manifeste souvent par des stéréotypes sexistes et racistes attribués aux femmes des communautés ethniques. À l’aide d’entretiens de groupe en ligne, les participantes (N=9) se sont exprimées sur leur réalité vécue, mettant en lumière la racialisation et l’orientalisation par les stéréotypes genrés et sexuels apposés sur elles ainsi que les violences liées à la fétichisation raciale. De même, le racial gaslight sur le plan individuel participe à leur oppression. Les femmes asiatiques ont aussi une charge raciale dont elles doivent négocier pour prévenir le racisme anti-asiatique. Néanmoins, nos résultats démontrent qu’elles possèdent une agentivité dans laquelle elles utilisent des mécanismes de résistance lors d’un propos ou d’un comportement raciste et sexiste à leur égard. Cette recherche novatrice contribue de manière significative à l’avancement des connaissances, puisque très peu de données sont disponibles sur la santé mentale de ces femmes. En conclusion, ce mémoire émet des recommandations pour l’amélioration des pratiques professionnelles du travail social, soit dans l’intervention ou dans le militantisme, afin de protéger les femmes asiatiques contre ces violences. Mots-clés : Racisme anti-asiatique, racisme genré, femmes asiatiques, racialisation, orientalisation, fétichisation raciale, charge raciale, racial gaslight, agentivité, Québec
A Novel Feature Learning-based Bio-inspired Neural Network for Real-time Collision-free Rescue of Multi-Robot Systems
Creators: name: Li, Junfei
name: Yang, Simon X.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Natural disasters and urban accidents drive the demand for rescue robots to provide safer, faster, and more efficient rescue trajectories. In this paper, a feature learning-based bio-inspired neural network (FLBBINN) is proposed to quickly generate a heuristic rescue path in complex and dynamic environments, as traditional approaches usually cannot provide a satisfactory solution to real-time responses to sudden environmental changes. The neurodynamic model is incorporated into the feature learning method that can use environmental information to improve path planning strategies. Task assignment and collision-free rescue trajectory are generated through robot poses and the dynamic landscape of neural activity. A dual-channel scale filter, a neural activity channel, and a secondary distance fusion are employed to extract and filter feature neurons. After completion of the feature learning process, a neurodynamics-based feature matrix is established to quickly generate the new heuristic rescue paths with parameter-driven topological adaptability. The proposed FLBBINN aims to reduce the computational complexity of the neural network-based approach and enable the feature learning method to achieve real-time responses to environmental changes. Several simulations and experiments have been conducted to evaluate the performance of the proposed FLBBINN. The results show that the proposed FLBBINN would significantly improve the speed, efficiency, and optimality for rescue operations.
description: This paper is accepted to publish in IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics
Heat flux of driven granular mixtures at low density. Stability analysis of the homogeneous steady state
Creators: name: Khalil, Nagi
name: Garzó, Vicente
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Navier--Stokes order hydrodynamic equations for a low-density driven granular mixture obtained previously [Khalil and Garzó, Phys. Rev. E \textbf{88}, 052201 (2013)] from the Chapman--Enskog solution to the Boltzmann equation are considered further. The four transport coefficients associated with the heat flux are obtained in terms of the mass ratio, the size ratio, composition, coefficients of restitution, and the driven parameters of the model. Their quantitative variation on the control parameters of the system is demonstrated by considering the leading terms in a Sonine polynomial expansion to solve the exact integral equations. As an application of these results, the stability of the homogeneous steady state is studied. In contrast to the results obtained in undriven granular mixtures, the stability analysis of the linearized Navier--Stokes hydrodynamic equations shows that the transversal and longitudinal modes are (linearly) stable with respect to long enough wavelength excitations. This conclusion agrees with a previous analysis made for single granular gases.
description: 15 pages, 5 figures; to be published in Phys. Rev. E
Markov invariants, plethysms, and phylogenetics (the long version)
Creators: name: Sumner, J. G.
name: Charleston, M. A.
name: Jermiin, L. S.
name: Jarvis, P. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore model based techniques of phylogenetic tree inference exercising Markov invariants. Markov invariants are group invariant polynomials and are distinct from what is known in the literature as phylogenetic invariants, although we establish a commonality in some special cases. We show that the simplest Markov invariant forms the foundation of the Log-Det distance measure. We take as our primary tool group representation theory, and show that it provides a general framework for analysing Markov processes on trees. From this algebraic perspective, the inherent symmetries of these processes become apparent, and focusing on plethysms, we are able to define Markov invariants and give existence proofs. We give an explicit technique for constructing the invariants, valid for any number of character states and taxa. For phylogenetic trees with three and four leaves, we demonstrate that the corresponding Markov invariants can be fruitfully exploited in applied phylogenetic studies.
description: 39 pages, 10 figures, 2 tables, 3 appendices. Long arxiv version includes extended introduction, subsection on mixed-weight invariants, 3rd appendix on K3ST model and a more relaxed pace with additional discussion throughout. "Short version" is to appear in Journal of Theoretical Biology. v4: Sequence length in simulation was corrected from N=1000 to N=10000
Non-Fermi surface nesting driven commensurate magnetic ordering in Fe-doped Sr$_2$RuO$_4$
Creators: name: Zhu, M.
name: Shanavas, K. V.
name: Wang, Y.
name: Zou, T.
name: Sun, W. F.
name: Tian, W.
name: Garlea, V. O.
name: Podlesnyak, A.
name: Matsuda, M.
name: Stone, M. B.
name: Keavney, D.
name: Mao, Z. Q.
name: Singh, D. J.
name: Ke, X.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Sr$_2$RuO$_4$, an unconventional superconductor, is known to possess an incommensurate spin density wave instability driven by Fermi surface nesting. Here we report a static spin density wave ordering with a commensurate propagation vector $q_c$ = (0.25 0.25 0) in Fe-doped Sr$_2$RuO$_4$, despite the magnetic fluctuations persisting at the incommensurate wave vectors $q_{ic}$ = (0.3 0.3 L) as in the parent compound. The latter feature is corroborated by the first principles calculations, which show that Fe substitution barely changes the nesting vector of the Fermi surface. These results suggest that in addition to the known incommensurate magnetic instability, Sr$_2$RuO$_4$ is also in proximity to a commensurate magnetic tendency that can be stabilized via Fe doping.
description: 20 pages, 4 figures, 47 references
title: [Rezension zu:] Robert Luff, Wissensvermittlung im europäischen Mittelalter. 'Imago mundi'-Werke und ihre Prologe (Texte und Textgeschichte 47), Niemeyer, Tübingen 1999, 586 S. mit 10 Abb.
Creators: name: Baumgärtner, Ingrid
Publisher: name: Universität Kassel
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Rezension
subject: Mediävistik
subject: 940
subject: Europa
subject: Wissensliteratur
subject: Geschichte 1100-1500
subject: Rezension

description: Online verfügbar auch unter: https://www.jstor.org/stable/42585601
Single cell atlas for mammals, reptiles and birds
Creators: name: 香凝 丁(Xiangning Ding)
Publisher: name: CNGB
Year: 2021
Subjects: Raw sequence reads
Transcriptome or Gene expression
Multispecies

description: we established the broadest single-nucleus RNA sequencing study to date, covering 11 representative species, including pets (cat, dog, hamster, and lizard), livestock (goat and rabbit), poultry (duck and pigeon), and wildlife (pangolin, tiger, and deer).
Analysis of Scheduling Policies under Correlated Job Sizes (CMU-CS-10-107)
Creators: name: Varun  Gupta
name: Burroughs, Michelle
name: Harchol-Balter, Mor
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: 89999 Information and Computing Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Correlations in traffic patterns are an important facet of the workloads faced by real systems, and one that has far-reaching consequences on the performance and optimization of the systems involved. While there has been considerable amount of work on understanding the effect of correlations between successive interarrival times, there is very little analytical work in understanding the effect of correlations between successive service requirements (job sizes). All the prior work on analyzing the effects of correlated job sizes is limited to First-Come-First-Served scheduling. This leaves open fundamental questions such as: How do various scheduling policies interact with correlated job sizes? Can scheduling be used to mitigate the harmful effects of correlations? In this paper we take the first step towards answering these questions. We assume a simple and intuitive model for job size correlations and present the first asymptotic analysis of various common size-independent scheduling policies when the job size sequence exhibits high correlation. Our analysis reveals that the characteristics of various scheduling policies, as well as their performance relative to each other, are markedly different under the assumption of i.i.d. job sizes versus correlated job sizes. Further, among the class of size-independent scheduling policies, there is no single scheduling policy that is optimal for all degrees of correlations and thus any optimal policy must learn the correlations. We support the asymptotic analysis with numerical algorithms for exact performance analysis under an arbitrary degree of correlation, with simulations, and finally verify the lessons from our correlation model on real world traces.