cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
A cold component and the complex velocity structure of DLA1331 + 170
Creators: name: Carswell, R. F.
name: Jorgenson, R. A.
name: Wolfe, A. M.
name: Murphy, Michael
Publisher: name: Swinburne
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 5101
subject: Astronomical sciences
classificationCode: 5109
subject: Space sciences

description: We examine the velocity structure in the gas associated with H i in the damped Lyα absorption system at redshift z= 1.7764 towards the QSO 1331 + 170 using Arecibo H i 21-cm data, optical spectra from the Keck High Resolution Echelle Spectrograph (HIRES) and European Southern Observatory (ESO) Very Large Telescope (VLT) Ultraviolet and Visual Echelle Spectrograph (UVES), and a previously published Hubble Space Telescope (HST) Space Telescope Imaging Spectrograph (STIS) ultraviolet spectrum. From the optical data we find at least two, and possibly three, components showing C i lines. One of these has very narrow lines with Doppler parameter b= 0.55 km s−1, corresponding to a kinetic temperature of 220 K if the broadening is thermal and with a 2σ upper limit of 480 K. We re-examine the H2 analysis undertaken by Cui et al. using the neutral carbon velocity structure, and find a model which is, unlike theirs, consistent with a mixture of collisional and background radiation excitation of the observed H2 rotational levels. Using Voigt profile fits to absorption lines from a range of singly ionized heavy elements we find eight components covering a velocity range of ∼110 km s−1, with a further outlier over 120 km s−1 away from the nearest in the main group. The H i structure is expected to follow some combination of the singly ionized and neutral gas, but the 21-cm absorption profile is considerably different. We suggest, as have others, that this may be because the different extent and brightness distributions of the radio and optical background sources mean that the sightlines are not the same, and so the spin temperature derived by comparing the Lyα and 21-cm line strengths has little physical meaning. The neutral and singly ionized heavy element line profiles also show significant differences, and so the dominant components in each appear to be physically distinct. Attempts to use the range of atomic masses to separate thermal and turbulent components of their Doppler widths were not generally successful, since there are several blended components and the useful mass range (about a factor of 2) is not very large. The velocity structure in all ionization stages up to +3, apart from the neutral heavy elements, is sufficiently complex that it is difficult to separate out the corresponding velocity components for different ionization levels and determine their column densities.
Cephalozia acuminata Vana, Phytotaxa
Creators: name: Söderström, Lars
name: Hagborg, Anders
name: Konrat, Matt Von
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Marchantiophyta
Jungermanniopsida
Jungermanniales
Cephaloziaceae
Cephalozia
Cephalozia acuminata

description: Cephalozia acuminata (Herzog) Váňa,
Phytotaxa 112 (1): 11, 2013 (see Váňa et al. 2013j). BASIONYM: Hygrobiella acuminata Herzog, Trans. Brit. Bryol. Soc. 1 (4): 292, 1950 (see Herzog 1950).
description: Published as part of Söderström, Lars, Hagborg, Anders & Konrat, Matt Von, 2016, Early Land Plants Today: Index of Liverworts & Hornworts 2013 - 2014, pp. 133-185 in Phytotaxa 269 (3) on page 137, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.269.3.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4779693
Quantum Radars and Lidars: Concepts, realizations, and perspectives
Creators: name: Slepyan, Gregory
name: Vlasenko, Svetlana
name: Mogilevtsev, Dmitri
name: Boag, Amir
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this article, we review the basic concepts of quantum radars as such types of the devices while highlighting differences with their classical analogs. We discuss how several concepts from traditional radars technology, e.g., target detection sensitivity, noise resilience and ranging accuracy can be translated to quantum radars. We examine such new far-field sensing protocols as quantum illumination (QI), and engineering opportunities enabled by its different realizations. We consider possibilities of achieving super-sensitivity and super-resolution using quantum correlations, and discuss possibilities to create quantum correlated states in practice.
description: It is a brief popular review (11 pages, 7 figures, 77 references)
A non-trivial PT-symmetric continuum Hamiltonian and its Eigenstates and Eigenvalues
Creators: name: Mead, Lawrence
name: Garfinkle, David
name: Lee, Sungwook
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, a non-trivial system governed by a continuum PT-symmetric Hamiltonian is discussed. We show that this Hamiltonian is iso-spectral to the simple harmonic oscillator. We find its eigenfunctions and the path in the complex plane along which these functions form an orthonormal set. We also find the hidden symmetry operator, ${\cal C}$, for this system. All calculations are performed analytically and without approximation.
description: Typo in equation (9) corrected
Cephalozia drucei Vana, Phytotaxa
Creators: name: Söderström, Lars
name: Hagborg, Anders
name: Konrat, Matt Von
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Marchantiophyta
Jungermanniopsida
Jungermanniales
Cephaloziaceae
Cephalozia
Cephalozia drucei

description: Cephalozia drucei (R.M.Schust.) Váňa,
Phytotaxa 112 (1): 11, 2013 (see Váňa et al. 2013j). BASIONYM: Metahygrobiella drucei R.M.Schust., J. Hattori Bot. Lab. 26: 273, 1963 (see Schuster 1963).
description: Published as part of Söderström, Lars, Hagborg, Anders & Konrat, Matt Von, 2016, Early Land Plants Today: Index of Liverworts & Hornworts 2013 - 2014, pp. 133-185 in Phytotaxa 269 (3) on page 137, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.269.3.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4779693
The neutral gas extent of galaxies as derived from weak intervening Ca ii absorbers
Creators: name: Richter, P.
name: Krause, F.
name: Fechner, C.
name: Charlton, J. C.
name: Murphy, Michael
Publisher: name: Swinburne
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 5101
subject: Astronomical sciences
classificationCode: 5109
subject: Space sciences

description: We present a systematic study of weak intervening Ca ii absorbers at low redshift (z < 0.5), based on the analysis of archival high-resolution (R ≥ 45   000) optical spectra of 304 quasars and active galactic nuclei observed with VLT/UVES. Along a total redshift path of Δz ≈ 100 we detected 23 intervening Ca ii absorbers in both the Ca ii H & K lines, with rest frame equivalent widths Wr,3934 = 15−799 mÅ and column densities log N(Ca ii) = 11.25−13.04 (obtained by fitting Voigt-profile components). We obtain a bias-corrected number density of weak intervening Ca ii absorbers of at ⟨zabs⟩ = 0.35 for absorbers with log N(Ca ii) ≥ 11.65 (Wr,3934 ≥ 32 mÅ). This is ~2.6 times the value obtained for damped Lyman α absorbers (DLAs) at low redshift. All Ca ii absorbers in our sample show associated absorption by other low ions such as Mg ii and Fe ii; 45 percent of them have associated Na i absorption. From ionization modelling we conclude that intervening Ca ii absorption with log N(Ca ii) ≥ 11.5 arises in DLAs, sub-DLAs and Lyman-limit systems (LLS) at H i column densities of log  N(H i) ≥ 17.4. Using supplementary H i information for nine of the absorbers we find that the Ca ii/H i ratio decreases strongly with increasing H i column density, indicating a column-density-dependent dust depletion of Ca. The observed column density distribution function of Ca ii absorption components follows a relatively steep power law, f(N) ∝ N − β, with a slope of − β = −1.68, which again points towards an enhanced dust depletion in high column density systems. The relatively large cross section of these absorbers together with the frequent detection of Ca ii absorption in high-velocity clouds (HVCs) in the halo of the Milky Way suggests that a considerable fraction of the intervening Ca ii systems trace (partly) neutral gas structures in the halos and circumgalactic environment of galaxies (i.e., they are HVC analogs). Based on the recently measured detection rate of Ca ii absorption in the Milky Way HVCs we estimate that the mean (projected) Ca ii covering fraction of galaxies and their gaseous halos is ⟨fc,CaII⟩ = 0.33. Using this value and considering all galaxies with luminosities L ≥ 0.05 L ⋆ we calculate that the characteristic radial extent of (partly) neutral gas clouds with log N(H i) ≥ 17.4 around low-redshift galaxies is RHVC ≈ 55 kpc.
Cephalozia acutiloba Vana, Phytotaxa
Creators: name: Söderström, Lars
name: Hagborg, Anders
name: Konrat, Matt Von
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Marchantiophyta
Jungermanniopsida
Jungermanniales
Cephaloziaceae
Cephalozia
Cephalozia acutiloba

description: Cephalozia acutiloba (Inoue) Váňa,
Phytotaxa 112 (1): 11, 2013 (see Váňa et al. 2013j). BASIONYM: Metahygrobiella acutiloba Inoue, Bull. Natl. Sci. Mus. Tokyo (n.ser.) 10 (2): 155, 1967 (see Inoue 1967).
description: Published as part of Söderström, Lars, Hagborg, Anders & Konrat, Matt Von, 2016, Early Land Plants Today: Index of Liverworts & Hornworts 2013 - 2014, pp. 133-185 in Phytotaxa 269 (3) on page 137, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.269.3.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4779693
Deliverable D6.1 Report on DFB Gasification Modelling
Creators: name: Centre for Research and Technology Hellas
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: This deliverable presents the modelling of the dual fluidized bed (DFB) gasification in Task 6.1. The primary objective was to develop a fast and reliable model system for studying DFB gasification. To achieve this, pilot-scale tests conducted by VTT were used as a basis for calibrating the model. Following calibration, the model was applied to simulate a full-scale DFB unit, thereby validating the design of the scaled-up unit.
Revealing the dust grain polarization properties as a function of extinction and distance towards NGC 1893
Creators: name: Bijas, N.
name: Eswaraiah, Chakali
name: Wang, Jia-Wei
name: Jose, Jessy
name: Chen, Wen-Ping
name: Li, Di
name: Lai, Shih-Ping
name: Ojha, D. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Dust polarization observations at optical wavelengths help to understand the dust grain properties and trace the plane-of-the-sky component of the magnetic field. In this study, we make use of the $I$-band polarization data acquired from AIMPOL along with the distances ($d$) and extinction ($A_{V}$) data to study the variation of polarization fraction ($P$) as a function of $A_{V}$ and $d$ towards the star-forming region, NGC 1893. We employ a broken power-law fit and Bayesian analysis on extinction ($A_{V}$) versus polarization efficiency ($P$/$A_{V}$) and distance ($d$) versus rate of polarization ($P$/$d$). We find that $P$/$A_{V}$ shows a break at an extinction of $\sim$0.9 mag, whereas $P/d$ exhibits a break at a distance of $\sim$1.5 kpc. Based on these, we categorize the dust towards NGC 1893 into two populations: (i) foreground dust confined to $A_{V}$ $<$ $\sim$1 mag and distance up to $\sim$2 kpc and (ii) Perseus spiral arm dust towards NGC 1893 characterized with $A_{V}$ $>$ $\sim$1 mag and distance beyond $\sim$2 kpc. Foreground dust exhibits higher polarization efficiency but a lower polarization rate, whereas Perseus dust shows a lower polarization efficiency but a slightly higher polarization rate. Hence, we suggest that while polarization efficiency reveals the dust grain alignment, the rate of polarization infers about the distribution of dust grains towards NGC 1893. Further, we also shed a light on the spatial variation of intrinsic polarization and magnetic field orientation, and other parameters within the intra-cluster medium of NGC 1893.
description: 19 pages, 17 figures, and 3 tables; Accepted for its publication in the MNRAS
Cephalozia fuegiensis Vana, Phytotaxa
Creators: name: Söderström, Lars
name: Hagborg, Anders
name: Konrat, Matt Von
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Marchantiophyta
Jungermanniopsida
Jungermanniales
Cephaloziaceae
Cephalozia
Cephalozia fuegiensis

description: Cephalozia fuegiensis Váňa,
Phytotaxa 112 (1): 12, 2013 (see Váňa et al. 2013j). NOM. NOV. PRO Hygrobiella dusenii Steph., Sp. Hepat. (Stephani) 6: 444, 1924 (see Stephani 1924).
description: Published as part of Söderström, Lars, Hagborg, Anders & Konrat, Matt Von, 2016, Early Land Plants Today: Index of Liverworts & Hornworts 2013 - 2014, pp. 133-185 in Phytotaxa 269 (3) on page 137, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.269.3.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4779693
Einstein-Yang-Mills-aether theory with nonlinear axion field: Decay of color aether and the axionic dark matter production
Creators: name: Balakin, Alexander B.
name: Kiselev, Gleb B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We establish a nonlinear version of the SU(N) symmetric theory, which describes self-consistently the interaction between the gravitational, gauge, vector and pseudoscalar (axion) fields. In the context of this theory the SU(N) symmetric multiplet of vector fields is associated with the color aether, the decay of which in the early Universe produced the canonic dynamic aether and the axionic dark matter. The SU(N) symmetric Yang-Mills field, associated with the color aether, forms the source, which transfers the energy of the decaying color aether to the axion field. The nonlinear modification of the model uses explicitly the requirement of discrete symmetry, prescribed by the axion field, and is based on the analogy with nonlinear physical pendulum. We show that in the framework of this nonlinear regular model the axion field can grow to an arbitrarily large value, thus explaining the abundance of the axionic dark matter in the Universe.
description: 17 pages, 1 figure
Cephalozia kodaikanalensis G. Asthana et Saumya Srivast., Geophytology
Creators: name: Söderström, Lars
name: Hagborg, Anders
name: Konrat, Matt Von
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Marchantiophyta
Jungermanniopsida
Jungermanniales
Cephaloziaceae
Cephalozia
Cephalozia kodaikanalensis

description: Cephalozia kodaikanalensis G.Asthana et Saumya Srivast.,
Geophytology 43 (1): 63, 2013 (see Asthana & Srivastava 2013).
TYPE: “ India - Tamil Nadu, Palni Hills: Kodaikanal (Coaker’s walk), altitude ca. 2133 m, Lat. 10°13.7372´N and Long. 77°29.5722É, G. Asthana & Party, 14.02.201 1, 21190/11 (LWU)”.
description: Published as part of Söderström, Lars, Hagborg, Anders & Konrat, Matt Von, 2016, Early Land Plants Today: Index of Liverworts & Hornworts 2013 - 2014, pp. 133-185 in Phytotaxa 269 (3) on page 137, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.269.3.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4779693
Redshifted Hi and OH absorption in radio galaxies and quasars
Creators: name: Curran, S. J.
name: Whiting, M. T.
name: Murphy, Michael
name: Webb, J. K.
name: Bignell, C.
name: Polatidis, A. G.
name: Wiklind, T.
name: Francis, P.
name: Langston, G.
Publisher: name: Swinburne
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 5101
subject: Astronomical sciences
classificationCode: 5109
subject: Space sciences

description: From a survey for the redshifted HI 21-cm and OH 18-cm absorption in the hosts of a sample of radio galaxies and quasars, we detect HI in three of the 10 and OH in none of the 14 sources for which useful data were obtained. As expected from our recent result, all of the 21-cm detections occur in sources with ultraviolet (UV) continuum luminosities of LUV & 8804; 1023WHz−1. At these ‘moderate’ luminosities, we also obtain four non-detections, although, as confirmed by the equipartition of detections between the type 1 and type 2 objects, this near-50 per cent detection rate cannot be attributed to unified schemes of active galactic nuclei (AGNs). All of our detections are at redshifts of z 0.67, which, in conjunction with our faint source selection, biases against UV luminous objects. The importance of the UV luminosity (over AGN type) in the detection of the 21-cm absorption is further supported by the nondetections in the two high-redshift (z ∼ 3.6–3.8) radio galaxies, which are both type 2 objects, while having LUV > 1023WHz−1. Our 21-cm detections in combination with those previously published give a total of eight (associated and intervening) HI-absorbing sources searched and undetected in OH. Using the detected 21-cm line strengths to normalize the limits, we find that only two of these eight sources may have been searched sufficiently deeply in OH, even though these are marginal.
Cephalozia macgregorii Vana, Phytotaxa
Creators: name: Söderström, Lars
name: Hagborg, Anders
name: Konrat, Matt Von
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Marchantiophyta
Jungermanniopsida
Jungermanniales
Cephaloziaceae
Cephalozia
Cephalozia macgregorii

description: Cephalozia macgregorii (Steph.) Váňa,
Phytotaxa 112 (1): 12, 2013 (see Váňa et al. 2013j). BASIONYM: Hygrobiella macgregorii Steph., Hedwigia 34 (2): 45, 1895 (see Stephani 1895).
description: Published as part of Söderström, Lars, Hagborg, Anders & Konrat, Matt Von, 2016, Early Land Plants Today: Index of Liverworts & Hornworts 2013 - 2014, pp. 133-185 in Phytotaxa 269 (3) on page 137, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.269.3.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4779693
The bright side of the light curve: a general photometric model of non-transiting exorings
Creators: name: Zuluaga, Jorge I.
name: Sucerquia, Mario
name: Alvarado-Montes, Jaime A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Rings around exoplanets (exorings) are one of the most expected discoveries in exoplanetary research. There is an increasing number of theoretical and observational efforts for detecting exorings, but none of them have succeeded yet. Most of those methods focus on the photometric signatures of exorings during transits, whereas less attention has been paid to light diffusely reflected: what we denote here as the bright side of the light curve. This is particularly important when we cannot detect the typical stellar flux drop produced by transiting exoplanets. Here, we endeavour to develop a general method to model the variations on the light curves of both ringed non-transiting and transiting exoplanets. Our model (dubbed as Pryngles) simulates the complex interaction of luminous, opaque, and semitransparent objects in planetary systems, discretizing their surface with small circular plane discs that resemble sequins or spangles. We perform several numerical experiments with this model, and show its incredible potential to describe the light curve of complex systems under various orbital, planetary, and observational configurations of planets, moons, rings, or discs. As our model uses a very general approach, we can capture effects like shadows or planetary/ring shine, and since the model is also modular we can easily integrate arbitrarily complex physics of planetary light scattering. A comparison against existing tools and analytical models of reflected light reveals that our model, despite its novel features, reliably reproduces light curves under common circumstances. Pryngles source code is written in PYTHON and made publicly available.
description: 19 pages, 12 figures, published in Astronomy and Computing. Pryngles package available at https://pypi.org/project/pryngles/ (ASCL code [ascl:2205.016])
First Constraint on Cosmological Variation of the Proton-to-Electron Mass Ratio from Two Independent Telescopes
Creators: name: van Weerdenburg, F.
name: Murphy, Michael
name: Malec, A. L.
name: Kaper, L.
name: Ubachs, W.
Publisher: name: Swinburne
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 5101
subject: Astronomical sciences
classificationCode: 5109
subject: Space sciences

description: A high signal-to-noise spectrum covering the largest number of hydrogen lines (90 H2 lines and 6 HD lines) in a high-redshift object was analyzed from an observation along the sight line to the bright quasar source J2123-005 with the Ultraviolet and Visual Echelle Spectrograph on the European Southern Observatory Very Large Telescope (Paranal, Chile). This delivers a constraint on a possible variation of the proton-to-electron mass ratio of Δμ/μ=(8.5±3.6stat±2.2syst)×10-6 at redshift zabs=2.059, which agrees well with a recently published result on the same system observed at the Keck telescope yielding Δμ/μ=(5.6±5.5stat±2.9syst)×10-6. Both analyses used the same robust absorption line fitting procedures with detailed consideration of systematic errors.
Cephalozia mollusca Vana, Phytotaxa
Creators: name: Söderström, Lars
name: Hagborg, Anders
name: Konrat, Matt Von
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Marchantiophyta
Jungermanniopsida
Jungermanniales
Cephaloziaceae
Cephalozia
Cephalozia mollusca

description: Cephalozia mollusca (De Not.) Váňa,
Phytotaxa 112 (1): 12, 2013 (see Váňa et al. 2013j). BASIONYM: Jungermannia mollusca De Not., Epat. Borneo: 16, 1874 (see De Notaris 1874).
description: Published as part of Söderström, Lars, Hagborg, Anders & Konrat, Matt Von, 2016, Early Land Plants Today: Index of Liverworts & Hornworts 2013 - 2014, pp. 133-185 in Phytotaxa 269 (3) on page 137, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.269.3.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4779693
On the absence of molecular absorption in high-redshift millimetre-band searches
Creators: name: Curran, S. J.
name: Whiting, M. T.
name: Combes, F.
name: Kuno, N.
name: Francis, P.
name: Nakai, N.
name: Webb, J. K.
name: Murphy, Michael
name: Wiklind, T.
Publisher: name: Swinburne
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 5101
subject: Astronomical sciences
classificationCode: 5109
subject: Space sciences

description: We have undertaken a search for millimetre-waveband absorption (through the CO and HCO+ rotational transitions) in the host galaxies of reddened radio sources (z= 0.405& 8211;1.802). Despite the colour selection (optical–near-infrared colours of V−K≳ 5 in all but one source), no absorption was found in any of the eight quasars for which the background continuum flux was detected. On the basis of the previous (mostly intervening) H2 and OH detections, the limits reached here and in some previous surveys should be deep enough to detect molecular absorption according to their V−K colours. However, our survey makes the assumption that the reddening is associated with dust close to the emission redshift of the quasar and that the narrow millimetre component of this emission is intercepted by the compact molecular cores. By using the known millimetre absorbers to define the colour depth and comparing this with the ultraviolet luminosities of the sources, we find that, even if these assumptions are valid, only 12 of the 40 objects (mainly from this work) are potentially detectable. This is assuming an excitation temperature of Tx= 10 K at z= 0, with the number decreasing with increasing temperatures (to zero detectable at Tx≳ 100 K).
Contribution to Excitonic Linewidth from Free Carrier-Exciton Scattering in Layered Materials: The example of h-BN
Creators: name: Quintela, M. F. C. Martins
name: Peres, N. M. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Scattering of excitons by free carriers is a phenomena which is especially important when considering moderately to heavily doped semiconductors in low temperature experiments, where the interaction of excitons with acoustic and optical phonons is reduced. In this paper, we consider the scattering of excitons by free carriers in monolayer hexagonal Boron Nitride encapsulated by a dielectric medium. We describe the excitonic states by variational wave functions, modeling the electrostatic interaction via the Rytova--Keldysh potential. Making the distinction between elastic and inelastic scattering, the relevance of each transition between excitonic states is also considered. Finally, we discuss the contribution of free carrier scattering to the excitonic linewidth, analyzing both its temperature and carrier density dependence.
description: 16 pages, 5 figures
Deep Learning for Unsupervised Anomaly Localization in Industrial Images: A Survey
Creators: name: Tao, Xian
name: Gong, Xinyi
name: Zhang, Xin
name: Yan, Shaohua
name: Adak, Chandranath
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Currently, deep learning-based visual inspection has been highly successful with the help of supervised learning methods. However, in real industrial scenarios, the scarcity of defect samples, the cost of annotation, and the lack of a priori knowledge of defects may render supervised-based methods ineffective. In recent years, unsupervised anomaly localization algorithms have become more widely used in industrial inspection tasks. This paper aims to help researchers in this field by comprehensively surveying recent achievements in unsupervised anomaly localization in industrial images using deep learning. The survey reviews more than 120 significant publications covering different aspects of anomaly localization, mainly covering various concepts, challenges, taxonomies, benchmark datasets, and quantitative performance comparisons of the methods reviewed. In reviewing the achievements to date, this paper provides detailed predictions and analysis of several future research directions. This review provides detailed technical information for researchers interested in industrial anomaly localization and who wish to apply it to the localization of anomalies in other fields.
description: submit to IEEE TIM
Basic Operations on Supertropical Quadratic Forms
Creators: name: Izhakian
name: Knebusch
Publisher: name: Deutsche Mathematiker-Vereinigung (DMV)
Year: 2017

description: We introduce the notion of discrete cusp for a weighted graph. In this context, we prove that the form-domain of the magnetic Laplacian and that of the non-magnetic Laplacian can be different. We establish the emptiness of the essential spectrum and compute the asymptotic of eigenvalues for the magnetic Laplacian.
description: DOCUMENTA MATHEMATICA 2017, vol. 22, p. 1661-1707, ISSN 1431-0643
Morphological properties ofz∼ 0.5 absorption-selected galaxies: The role of galaxy inclination
Creators: name: Kacprzak, Glenn
name: Churchill, Christopher W.
name: Evans, Jessica L.
name: Murphy, Michael
name: Steidel, Charles C.
Publisher: name: Swinburne
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 510103
subject: Cosmology and extragalactic astronomy

description: We have used Galaxy IMage 2D (GIM2D) to quantify the morphological properties of 40 intermediate-redshift Mg ii absorption-selected galaxies [0.03 ≤ Wr(2796) ≤ 2.9 Å], imaged with WFPC-2/Hubble Space Telescope (HST), and compared them to the halo gas properties measured from HIRES/Keck and UVES/VLT quasar spectra. We find that as the quasar–galaxy separation, D, increases the Mg ii equivalent decreases with large scatter, implying that D is not the only physical parameter affecting the distribution and quantity of halo gas. Our main result shows that inclination correlates with Mg ii absorption properties after normalizing out the relationship (and scatter) between the absorption properties and D. We find a 4.3σ correlation between Wr(2796) and galaxy inclination, normalized by impact parameter, i/D. Other measures of absorption optical depth also correlate with i/D at greater than 3.2σ significance. Overall, this result suggests that Mg ii gas has a co-planer geometry, not necessarily disc-like, that is coupled to the galaxy inclination. It is plausible that the absorbing gas arises from tidal streams, satellites, filaments, etc., which tend to have somewhat co-planer distributions. This result does not support a picture in which Mg ii absorbers with Wr(2796) ≲ 1 Å are predominantly produced by star formation driven winds. We further find that: (1) Mg ii host galaxies have quantitatively similar bulge and disc scalelength distribution to field galaxies at similar redshifts and have a mean disc and bulge scalelength of 3.8 and 2.5 kpc, respectively; (2) Galaxy colour and luminosity do not correlate strongly with absorption properties, implying a lack of a connection between host galaxy star formation rates and absorption strength; and (3) parameters such as scalelengths and bulge-to-total ratios do not significantly correlate with the absorption parameters, suggesting that the absorption is independent of galaxy size or mass.
Noncollinear Antiferromagnetic Spintronics
Creators: name: Chen, Hongyu
name: Qin, Peixin
name: Yan, Han
name: Feng, Zexin
name: Zhou, Xiaorong
name: Wang, Xiaoning
name: Meng, Ziang
name: Liu, Li
name: Liu, Zhiqi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Antiferromagnetic spintronics is one of the leading candidates for next-generation electronics. Among abundant antiferromagnets, noncollinear antiferromagnets are promising for achieving practical applications due to coexisting ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic merits. In this perspective, we briefly review the recent progress in the emerging noncollinear antiferromagnetic spintronics from fundamental physics to device applications. Current challenges and future research directions for this field are also discussed.
description: 20 pages, 5 figures, A review article to be appearing at Materials Lab as part of the Virtual Special Issue - Beihang University at 70
New constraint on cosmological variation of the proton-to-electron mass ratio from Q0528−250
Creators: name: King, Julian A.
name: Murphy, Michael
name: Ubachs, Wim
name: Webb, John K.
Publisher: name: Swinburne
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 5101
subject: Astronomical sciences
classificationCode: 5109
subject: Space sciences

description: Molecular hydrogen transitions in quasar spectra can be used to constrain variation in the proton-to-electron mass ratio, μ≡ mp/me, at high redshifts (z ≳ 2). We present here an analysis of a new spectrum of the quasar Q0528−250, obtained on Very Large Telescope (VLT)/Ultraviolet and Visual Echelle Spectrograph (UVES), and analyse the well-known H2 absorber at z = 2.811 in this spectrum. For the first time we detect deuterated molecular hydrogen (HD) in this system with a column density of log10(N/cm−2) = 13.27 ± 0.07; HD is sensitive to variation in μ, and so we include it in our analysis. Using 76 H2 and seven HD transitions we constrain variation in μ from the current laboratory value to be Δμ/μ= (0.3 ± 3.2stat± 1.9sys) × 10−6, which is consistent with no cosmological variation in μ, as well as with previous results from other H2/HD absorbers. The main sources of systematic uncertainty relate to accurate wavelength calibration of the spectra and the re-dispersion of multiple telescope exposures on to the one pixel grid.
Invisible non-Hermitian potentials in discrete-time photonic quantum walks
Creators: name: Longhi, Stefano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Discrete-time photonic quantum walks on a synthetic lattice, where both spatial and temporal evolution of light is discretized, have provided recently a fascinating platform for the observation of a wealth of non-Hermitian physical phenomena and for the control of light scattering in complex media. A rather open question is whether invisible potentials, analogous to the ones known for continuous optical media, do exist in such discretized systems. Here it is shown that, under certain conditions, slowly-drifting Kramers-Kronig potentials behave as invisible potentials in discrete-time photonic quantum walks.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures, accepted for publication in Optics Letters
Laser frequency comb techniques for precise astronomical spectroscopy
Creators: name: Murphy, Michael
name: Locke, Clayton R.
name: Light, Philip S.
name: Luiten, Andre N.
name: Lawrence, Jon S.
Publisher: name: Swinburne
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 5101
subject: Astronomical sciences
classificationCode: 5109
subject: Space sciences

description: Precise astronomical spectroscopic analyses routinely assume that individual pixels in charge-coupled devices (CCDs) have uniform sensitivity to photons. Intra-pixel sensitivity (IPS) variations may already cause small systematic errors in, for example, studies of extra-solar planets via stellar radial velocities and cosmological variability in fundamental constants via quasar spectroscopy, but future experiments requiring velocity precisions approaching ∼1 cm s−1 will be more strongly affected. Laser frequency combs have been shown to provide highly precise wavelength calibration for astronomical spectrographs, but here we show that they can also be used to measure IPS variations in astronomical CCDs in situ. We successfully tested a laser frequency comb system on the Ultra-High-Resolution Facility spectrograph at the Anglo-Australian Telescope. By modelling the two-dimensional comb signal recorded in a single CCD exposure, we find that the average IPS deviates by <8 per cent if it is assumed to vary symmetrically about the pixel centre. We also demonstrate that a series of comb exposures with absolutely known offsets between them can yield tighter constraints on symmetric IPS variations from ∼100 pixels. We discuss measurement of asymmetric IPS variations and absolute wavelength calibration of astronomical spectrographs and CCDs using frequency combs.
Discovery of a Bimodal Environmental Distribution of Compact Ellipticals in the Local Universe
Creators: name: Chen, Guangwen
name: Zhang, Hong-Xin
name: Kong, Xu
name: Lin, Zesen
name: Liang, Zhixiong
name: Chen, Zuyi
name: Tang, Yimeng
name: Chen, Xinkai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Low-mass compact stellar systems (CSSs; $M_{\star}$ $<$ 10$^{10}$ M$_{\odot}$) are thought to be a mixed bag of objects with various formation mechanisms. Previous surveys of CSSs were biased to relatively high-density environments and cannot provide a complete view of the environmental dependence of the formation of CSSs. We conduct the first-ever unbiased flux-limited census of nearby quiescent CSSs over a total sky area of $\sim$ 200 deg$^{2}$ observed by the GAMA spectroscopic survey. The complete sample includes 82 quiescent CSSs, of which 85\% fall within the stellar mass range of classical compact ellipticals (cEs).\ By quantifying the local environment with the normalized projected distance $D/R_{\rm vir}$ to the nearest luminous neighboring galaxy, we find that these CSSs have a bimodal $D/R_{\rm vir}$ distribution, with one group peaking near $\sim$ 0.1$\times$$R_{\rm vir}$ (satellite) and the other peaking near $\sim$ 10$\times$$R_{\rm vir}$ (field). In contrast to the CSSs, ordinary quiescent galaxies of similar masses have unimodal $D/R_{\rm vir}$ distribution.\ Satellite CSSs are older and more metal-rich than field CSSs on average. The bimodal $D/R_{\rm vir}$ distribution of quiescent CSSs reinforces the existence of two distinct formation channels (tidal stripping and born-to-be) for cEs and may be understood in two mutually inclusive perspectives, i.e., substantial tidal stripping happens only when satellite galaxies travel sufficiently close to their massive hosts, and there exists an excess of high-density cE-bearing subhalos close to massive halos.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures, published in ApJL
Exploring the Dependence of Hot Jupiter Occurrence Rates on Stellar Mass with TESS
Creators: name: Beleznay, Maya
name: Kunimoto, Michelle
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present estimates for the occurrence rates of hot Jupiters around dwarf stars based on data from the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) Prime Mission. We take 97 hot Jupiters orbiting 198,721 AFG dwarf stars (ranging in mass from $0.8M_{\odot}$ to $2.3M_{\odot}$) from an independent search for hot Jupiters using TESS Prime Mission data. We estimate our planet sample's false positive rates as $14\pm7\%$ for A stars, $16\pm6\%$ for F stars, and $0\%$ for G stars. We find hot Jupiter occurrence rates of $0.29 \pm 0.05\%$ for A stars, $0.36 \pm 0.06\%$ for F stars and $0.55 \pm 0.14\%$ for G stars, with a weighted average across AFG stars of $0.33\pm0.04\%$. Our results show a correlation between higher hot Jupiter abundance and lower stellar mass, and are in good agreement with occurrence rates found by Kepler. After correcting for the presence of binaries in the TESS stellar sample, we estimate a single-star hot Jupiter occurrence rate of $0.98\pm0.36\%$ for G stars. This is in agreement with results from radial velocity (RV) surveys, indicating that stellar multiplicity correction is able to resolve the discrepancy between hot Jupiter occurrence rates based on transits and RVs.
description: 9 pages, 6 figures
Cephalozia monticola Potemkin et Sofronova
Creators: name: Söderström, Lars
name: Hagborg, Anders
name: Konrat, Matt Von
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Marchantiophyta
Jungermanniopsida
Jungermanniales
Cephaloziaceae
Cephalozia
Cephalozia monticola

description: Cephalozia monticola (J.D.Godfrey) Potemkin et Sofronova,
Arctoa 22: 190, 2013 (see Potemkin & Sofronova 2013). BASIONYM: Schofieldia monticola J.D.Godfrey, Bryologist 79 (3): 315, 1976 (see Godfrey 1976).
description: Published as part of Söderström, Lars, Hagborg, Anders & Konrat, Matt Von, 2016, Early Land Plants Today: Index of Liverworts & Hornworts 2013 - 2014, pp. 133-185 in Phytotaxa 269 (3) on page 137, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.269.3.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4779693
The explosion energy of early stellar populations: The Fe-peak element ratios in low-metallicity damped Lyα systems
Creators: name: Cooke, R.
name: Pettini, M.
name: Jorgenson, R. A.
name: Murphy, Michael
name: Rudie, G. C.
name: Steidel, C. C.
Publisher: name: Swinburne
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 5101
subject: Astronomical sciences
classificationCode: 5109
subject: Space sciences

description: The relative abundances of the Fe-peak elements (Ti–Zn) at the lowest metallicities are intimately linked to the physics of core-collapse supernova explosions. With a sample of 25 very metal poor damped Lyα systems (DLAs), we investigate the trends of the Fe-peak element ratios with metallicity. For nine of the 25 DLAs, a direct measurement (or useful upper limit) of one or more of the Ti, Cr, Co, Ni, Zn/Fe abundance ratios could be determined from detected absorption lines. For the remaining systems (without detections), we devised a new form of spectral stacking to estimate the typical Fe-peak element ratios of the DLA population in this metallicity regime. We compare these data to analogous measurements in metal-poor stars of the Galactic halo and to detailed calculations of explosive nucleosynthesis in metal-free stars. We conclude that most of the DLAs in our sample were enriched by stars that released an energy of ≲1.2 × 1051 erg when they exploded as core-collapse supernovae. Finally, we discuss the exciting prospect of measuring Fe-peak element ratios in DLAs with Fe/H < 1/1000 of solar when 30-m class telescopes become available. Only then will we be able to pin down the energy that was released by the supernovae of the first stars.
Cephalozia nishimurae Vana, Phytotaxa
Creators: name: Söderström, Lars
name: Hagborg, Anders
name: Konrat, Matt Von
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Marchantiophyta
Jungermanniopsida
Jungermanniales
Cephaloziaceae
Cephalozia
Cephalozia nishimurae

description: Cephalozia nishimurae (N.Kitag.) Váňa,
Phytotaxa 112 (1): 12, 2013 (see Váňa et al. 2013j). BASIONYM: Hygrobiella nishimurae N.Kitag., Misc. Bryol. Lichenol. 9 (4): 69, 1982 (see Kitagawa 1982).
description: Published as part of Söderström, Lars, Hagborg, Anders & Konrat, Matt Von, 2016, Early Land Plants Today: Index of Liverworts & Hornworts 2013 - 2014, pp. 133-185 in Phytotaxa 269 (3) on page 137, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.269.3.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4779693
Quantifying Safety of Learning-based Self-Driving Control Using Almost-Barrier Functions
Creators: name: Qin, Zhizhen
name: Weng, Tsui-Wei
name: Gao, Sicun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Path-tracking control of self-driving vehicles can benefit from deep learning for tackling longstanding challenges such as nonlinearity and uncertainty. However, deep neural controllers lack safety guarantees, restricting their practical use. We propose a new approach of learning almost-barrier functions, which approximately characterizes the forward invariant set for the system under neural controllers, to quantitatively analyze the safety of deep neural controllers for path-tracking. We design sampling-based learning procedures for constructing candidate neural barrier functions, and certification procedures that utilize robustness analysis for neural networks to identify regions where the barrier conditions are fully satisfied. We use an adversarial training loop between learning and certification to optimize the almost-barrier functions. The learned barrier can also be used to construct online safety monitors through reachability analysis. We demonstrate effectiveness of our methods in quantifying safety of neural controllers in various simulation environments, ranging from simple kinematic models to the TORCS simulator with high-fidelity vehicle dynamics simulation.
The Magellan uniform survey of damped Lyman α systems - I. Cosmic metallicity evolution
Creators: name: Jorgenson, R. A.
name: Murphy, Michael
name: Thompson, R.
Publisher: name: Swinburne
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 5101
subject: Astronomical sciences
classificationCode: 5109
subject: Space sciences

description: We present the chemical abundance measurements of the first large, medium-resolution, uniformly selected damped Lyman α system (DLA) survey. The sample contains 99 DLAs towards 89 quasars selected from the SDSS DR5DLA sample in a uniform way. We analyse the metallicities and kinematic diagnostics, including the velocity width of 90 per cent of the optical depth,δν90, and the equivalent widths of the Si II λ1526 (Wλ1526), CIV λ1548 and MgII λ2796 transitions. To avoid strong line-saturation effects on the metallicities measured in medium-resolution spectra (FWHM ~ 71 km s-1), we derived metallicities from metal transitions which absorbed at most 35 per cent of the quasarcontinuum flux. We find the evolution in cosmic mean metallicity of the sample, (Z) = (-0.04 +/- 0.13)z - (1.06 +/- 0.36), consistent with no evolution overthe redshift range z ~ [2.2, 4.4], but note that the majority of our samplefalls at z ~ [2.2, 3.5]. The apparent lack of metallicity evolution with redshift is also seen in a lack of evolution in the median δν90 and Wλ1526 values. While this result may seem to conflict with other large surveys that have detected significant metallicity evolution,such as Rafelski et al. who found (Z) = (-0.22 +/- 0.03)z - (0.65 +/- 0.09) over z ~ [0, 5], several tests show that these surveys are not inconsistent with our new result. However, over the smaller redshift range covered by our uniformly selected sample, the true evolution of the cosmic mean metallicity in DLAs may be somewhat flatter than the Rafelski et al. estimate.
Cephalozia stolonacea Vana, Phytotaxa
Creators: name: Söderström, Lars
name: Hagborg, Anders
name: Konrat, Matt Von
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Marchantiophyta
Jungermanniopsida
Jungermanniales
Cephaloziaceae
Cephalozia
Cephalozia stolonacea

description: Cephalozia stolonacea (Herzog) Váňa,
Phytotaxa 112 (1): 12, 2013 (see Váňa et al. 2013j). BASIONYM: Hygrobiella stolonacea Herzog, Trans. Brit. Bryol. Soc. 1 (4): 293, 1950 (see Herzog 1950).
description: Published as part of Söderström, Lars, Hagborg, Anders & Konrat, Matt Von, 2016, Early Land Plants Today: Index of Liverworts & Hornworts 2013 - 2014, pp. 133-185 in Phytotaxa 269 (3) on page 137, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.269.3.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4779693
Libert\'e et accumulation
Creators: name: Peyre
Publisher: name: Deutsche Mathematiker-Vereinigung (DMV)
Year: 2017

description: Le principe de Batyrev et Manin et ses variantes donnent une interpr\'etation conjecturale pr\'ecise pour le terme dominant du nom\-bre de points de hauteur born\'ee d'une vari\'et\'e alg\'ebrique dont l'oppos\'e du faisceau canonique est suffisamment positif. Comme l'a clairement montr\'e le contre-exemple de Batyrev et Tschinkel la mise en \oe uvre de ce principe n\'ecessite l'exclusion de domaines d'accumulation qui sont le plus souvent d\'etermin\'es en proc\'edant par r\'ecurrence sur la dimension de la vari\'et\'e. Cette m\'ethode ne donne cependant pas de crit\`ere direct permettant de dire si un point rationnel donn\'e doit \^etre exclu ou pas. L'ambition de cet article est de d\'efinir une mesure de la libert\'e d'un point rationnel de sorte que les points d'une libert\'e suffisante se r\'epartissent effectivement de mani\`ere uniforme sur la vari\'et\'e, c'est-\`a-dire qu'ils soient distribu\'es sur l'espace ad\'elique associ\'e \`a la vari\'et\'e conform\'ement \`a la mesure de distribution ad\'elique introduite dans un article ant\'erieur de l'auteur. De ce point de vue, les points assez libres devraient \^etre ceux qui respectent le principe de Batyrev et Manin.
description: DOCUMENTA MATHEMATICA 2017, vol. 22, p. 1615-1659, ISSN 1431-0643
The Wintertime Atmospheric Response To The Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation, And Its Link To The Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation
Creators: name: Frankignoul, Claude
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017

description: Based on work with Guillaume Gastineau (CNRS-IPSL) and Young-Oh Kwon (WHOI) in the Blue-Action project.

Presentation held at the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI) workshop  on 5 Sept 2017 https://www.whoi.edu/page.do?pid=7544&cid=27842&tid=6682
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