cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Deciphering the role of beta-catenin in prostate cancer
Creators: name: Mulholland, David J.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Prostate cancer (PrCa) is the second leading cause of cancer related mortality in North American men. Treatment of advanced human PrCa occurs by way of hormone ablation therapy promoting an initial regression of tumour size and serum PSA levels. However, following androgen ablation is the inevitable occurrence of androgen independence (AI) and the lethal phenotype of metastasis. While the oncogenic Wnt/β-catenin/Tcf signaling axis is well correlated with colon cancer, increasing evidence suggests that β-catenin is also a contributor to progression of PrCa. β-catenin binds AR, in a ligand sensitive manner, to alter AR ligand specificity thereby promoting its response to non-gonadal ligands including androstenedione and estradiol. This thesis puts forth new knowledge regarding the functional interactions between AR, Wnt/β-catenin/Tcf and P13K/Akt signaling. Specifically, Wnt3a promotes ligand independent AR/β-catenin interactions, AR transactivation, PSA production and enhanced PrCa cell proliferation (Chapter 2). Upon exposure to androgens, AR and β-catenin undergo ligand dependent, nuclear co-translocation and formation of AR/β-catenin nuclear complexing. In the presence of androgens, β-catenin and AR complex at regulatory sites for AR transcription, thereby conferring the ability of β-catenin to function as an AR co-activator (Chapter 3). Upon androgen activation, a limited pool of β-catenin yields augmented AR signaling but diminished β-catenin/Tcf signaling. Functionally, this is achieved by way of a competitive balance of nuclear β-catenin between AR and Tcf transcriptional sites (Chapter 4). Accordingly, cells that are highly β-catenin/Tcf dependent demonstrate reduced cyclin DI activity, altered cell cycle and reduced cell proliferation. PTEN expression serves as a critical check-point in PrCa advancement, as a potent regulator both of β-catenin/Tcf function and, therefore, AR function. In vitro, PTEN regulates these effectors via GSK3β and ILK, two kinases with critical regulatory functions in PBK/Akt dependent cancers (Chapter 5). In vivo, gain-offunction (stable, inducible PTEN PrCa cells) and loss-of-function (PTEN -/- mouse model) analysis support that PTEN serves to regulate nuclear localization of β-catenin. Human tissue microarray analysis indicates that increased β-catenin expression is not only associated with increasing Gleason grade assignment and mitotic index but also with benign prostate pathologies (Chapter 6). These data indicate a dynamic and functional role for β-catenin in PrCa systems.
Unveiling the nature of three INTEGRAL sources through optical spectroscopy
Creators: name: Masetti, N.
name: Palazzi, E.
name: Bassani, L.
name: Malizia, A.
name: Stephen, J. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The results of an optical spectroscopy campaign performed at the Astronomical Observatory of Bologna in Loiano (Italy) on three hard X-ray sources detected by INTEGRAL (IGR J17303-0601, IGR J18027-1455 and IGR J21247+5058) are presented. These data have allowed a determination of the nature for two of them, with IGR J17303-0601 being a low mass X-ray binary in the Galaxy and IGR J18027-1455 a background Type 1 Seyfert galaxy at redshift z = 0.035. IGR J21247+5058, instead, has a quite puzzling spectroscopic appearance, with a broad, redshifted H_alpha complex superimposed onto a `normal' F/G-type Galactic star continuum: these features, together with the spatially coincident extended radio emission, might suggest a chance alignment between a relatively nearby star and a background radio galaxy. These results underline the still non-negligible importance of smaller telescopes in modern astrophysics.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures. Accepted for publication in A&A Letters
Utilization of Phosphogypsum on Pasture Grass
Creators: name: Rechcigl, J. E.
name: Alcordo, I. S.
name: Littell, R. C.
name: Roessler, C. E.
name: Rechcigl, J. E.
name: Alcordo, I. S.
name: Littell, R. C.
name: Roessler, C. E.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1998
Subjects: Production Economics
Productivity Analysis

description: Phosphogypsum is a by-product of the manufacture ofphosphoric acid from phosphate rock and is a potential source of sulfur and calcium for crops. There are currently more than 700 million Mg of phosphogypsum in Florida alone stacked in waste piles and an additional 30 million Mg produced annually. A field study was conducted to determine whether addition ofphosphogypsum to bahiagrass would increase production and quality. Results indicate that addition ofup to 4.0 Mg/ha phosphogypsum increased bahiagrass yields, protein content. and in vitrodigestibility offorage. This study has demonstrated that phosphogypsum can be used as an alternative source of sulfur and calcium for forage crops.
Effects of Fertiliser and Goat Manure on Nutrient Production of King Grass in Jamaica
Creators: name: Asiedu, F. H.
name: Fearon, A. L.
name: Seaton, J. M.
name: Asiedu, F. H.
name: Fearon, A. L.
name: Seaton, J. M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1998
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries
Productivity Analysis

description: In a continuing effort to establish its potential as a basic fodder grass for goat production in Jamaica the effects of different manure treatments on the nutrient production of9-week regrowths ofKing grass were studied over two years using a randomised bJlock design with six replications. The manure treatments were inorganic fertiliser (F), goat manure (GM) and inorganic fertiliser + goat manure (FGM), all providing the equivalent of 150 kg Nt halyr, and a control (no manure, N). There were significant (P
DNA loop statistics and torsional modulus
Creators: name: Rossetto, Vincent
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The modelling of DNA mechanics under external constraints is discussed. Two analytical models are widely known, but disagree for instance on the value of the torsional modulus. The origin of this embarassing situation is located in the concept of writhe. This letter presents a unified model for DNA establishing a relation between the different approaches. I show that the writhe created by the loops of DNA is at the origin of the discrepancy. To take this into account, I propose a new treatment of loop statistics based on numerical simulations using the most general formula for the writhe, and on analytic calculations with only one fit parameter. One can then compute the value of the torsional modulus of DNA without the need of any cut-off.
description: 8 pages, 1 figure. Accepted by Europhysics Letters
4961: Silver War Badge
Creators: name: Project Team, Lest We Forget
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 430304
subject: British history
classificationCode: 430308
subject: European history (excl. British, classical Greek and Roman)
classificationCode: 430316
subject: International history

description: Artefact from a private collector of war memorabilia.
The Scale of Superpartner Masses and Electroweakino Searches at the High-Luminosity LHC
Creators: name: Liu, Jia
name: McGinnis, Navin
name: Wagner, Carlos E. M.
name: Wang, Xiao-Ping
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Searches for weakly interacting particles is one of the main goals of the high luminosity LHC run. In this work we study the well motivated cases of electroweakinos with mostly Wino and Bino components. We show the relevance of squark induced t-channel production in defining the production cross section and hence the LHC reach. Moreover, a realistic evaluation of the decay branching ratios show a strong dependence on the sign of $μ$ and, for negative values of $μ$, on the relative size of the ratio of $μ$ to the gaugino masses compared with tan$β$. Overall, unless it is kinematically suppressed, or specific conditions are fulfilled, the Higgs decay channel is the most significant one, and the trilepton channel becomes subdominant with respect to final states including bottom quarks. Although the properties are different than in the Higgsino-Bino case, also in this case the discovery reach extends to mass values that are significantly larger than the ones probed at current luminosities, leading to a strong motivation for the search for electroweakinos in the high luminosity LHC run.
description: 26 pages, 11 figures. v2: updated to match journal version
Metric Tensor Formulation of Strain in Density-Functional Perturbation Theory
Creators: name: Hamann, D. R.
name: Wu, Xifan
name: Rabe, Karin M.
name: Vanderbilt, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The direct calculation of the elastic and piezoelectric tensors of solids can be accomplished by treating homogeneous strain within the framework of density-functional perturbation theory. By formulating the energy functional in reduced coordinates, we show that the strain perturbation enters only through metric tensors, and can be treated in a manner exactly paralleling the treatment of other perturbations. We present an analysis of the strain perturbation of the plane-wave pseudopotential functional, including the internal strain terms necessary to treat the atomic-relaxation contributions. Procedures for computationally verifying these expressions by comparison with numerical derivatives of ground-state calculations are described and illustrated.
description: 25 pages, no figures, submitted to Phys. Rev. B
4963: Snuff Box
Creators: name: Project Team, Lest We Forget
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 430304
subject: British history
classificationCode: 430308
subject: European history (excl. British, classical Greek and Roman)
classificationCode: 430316
subject: International history

description: Artefact from a private collector of war memorabilia.
Induced gravitational waves as a probe of thermal history of the universe
Creators: name: Domènech, Guillem
name: Pi, Shi
name: Sasaki, Misao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The scalar perturbation induced gravitational waves are a probe of the primordial density perturbation spectrum on small scales. In this paper, we show that they can also probe the thermal history of the universe. We assume the universe underwent a stage with a constant equation of state parameter $w$, followed by the radiation-dominated stage of the conventional big bang universe. We find that the infrared slope of the power spectrum of the induced stochastic gravitational wave background for decelerating cosmologies is related to the equation of state of the universe. Furthermore, the induced gravitational wave spectrum has in general a broken power-law shape around the scale of reheating. Interestingly, below the threshold $w=0$ of the equation of state parameter, the broken power-law presents a peak for a Dirac delta peak in the scalar spectrum. For a finite width peak, the threshold changes to $w=-1/15$ depending on the value of the width. In some cases, such a broken power-law gravitational wave spectrum may degenerate to the spectrum from other sources like phase transitions or global cosmic strings.
A matter of time: Using dynamics and theory to uncover mechanisms of transcriptional bursting
Creators: name: Lammers, Nicholas C.
name: Kim, Yang Joon
name: Zhao, Jiaxi
name: Garcia, Hernan G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Subcellular Processes (q-bio.SC)
subject: Cell Behavior (q-bio.CB)
subject: Molecular Networks (q-bio.MN)
subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Eukaryotic transcription generally occurs in bursts of activity lasting minutes to hours; however, state-of-the-art measurements have revealed that many of the molecular processes that underlie bursting, such as transcription factor binding to DNA, unfold on timescales of seconds. This temporal disconnect lies at the heart of a broader challenge in physical biology of predicting transcriptional outcomes and cellular decision-making from the dynamics of underlying molecular processes. Here, we review how new dynamical information about the processes underlying transcriptional control can be combined with theoretical models that predict not only averaged transcriptional dynamics, but also their variability, to formulate testable hypotheses about the molecular mechanisms underlying transcriptional bursting and control.
description: 41 pages, 4 figures, review article
Effects of Capping on the (Ga,Mn)As Magnetic Depth Profile
Creators: name: Kirby, B. J.
name: Borchers, J. A.
name: Rhyne, J. J.
name: O'Donovan, K. V.
name: Wojtowicz, T.
name: Liu, X.
name: Ge, Z.
name: Shen, S.
name: Furdyna, J. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Annealing can increase the Curie temperature and net magnetization in uncapped (Ga,Mn)As films, effects that are suppressed when the films are capped with GaAs. Previous polarized neutron reflectometry (PNR) studies of uncapped (Ga,Mn)As revealed a pronounced magnetization gradient that was reduced after annealing. We have extended this study to (Ga,Mn)As capped with GaAs. We observe no increase in Curie temperature or net magnetization upon annealing. Furthermore, PNR measurements indicate that annealing produces minimal differences in the depth-dependent magnetization, as both as-grown and annealed films feature a significant magnetization gradient. These results suggest that the GaAs cap inhibits redistribution of interstitial Mn impurities during annealing.
description: 12 pages, 3 figures, submitted to Applied Physics Letters
Tunable Casimir equilibria with phase change materials: from quantum trapping to its release
Creators: name: Ge, Lixin
name: Shi, Xi
name: Xu, Zijun
name: Gong, Ke
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A stable suspension of nanoscale particles due to the Casimir force is of great interest for many applications such as sensing, non-contract nano-machines. However, the suspension properties are difficult to change once the devices are fabricated. Vanadium dioxide (VO$_2$) is a phase change material, which undergoes a transition from a low-temperature insulating phase to a high-temperature metallic phase around a temperature of 340 K. In this work, we study Casimir forces between a nanoplate (gold or Teflon) and a layered structure containing a VO$_2$ film. It is found that stable Casimir suspensions of nanoplates can be realized in a liquid environment, and the equilibrium distances are determined, not only by the layer thicknesses but also by the matter phases of VO$_2$. Under proper designs, a switch from quantum trapping of the gold nanoplate ("on" state) to its release ("off" state) as a result of the metal-to-insulator transition of VO$_2$, is revealed. On the other hand, the quantum trapping and release of a Teflon nanoplate is found under the insulator-to-metal transition of VO$_2 $. Our findings offer the possibility of designing switchable devices for applications in micro-and nano-electromechanical systems.
description: 9 pages, 7 figures
Coalescence model for Theta_c pentaquark formation
Creators: name: Karliner, Marek
name: Webber, Bryan R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a model for the formation of the charmed pentaquark Theta_c in hard scattering processes such as deep inelastic scattering, e^+e^- annihilation, and high-energy p pbar collisions. The model assumes that the cross section for Theta_c formation is proportional to the rate of production of p D^{*-} (or pbar D^{*+}) pairs in close proximity both in momentum space and in coordinate space. The constant of proportionality is determined from the Theta_c cross section in deep inelastic scattering as reported by the H1 experiment. The HERWIG Monte Carlo is used to generate simulated DIS events and also to model the space-time structure of the final state. Requiring the proton and the D^* be within a 100 MeV mass window and separated by a spacelike distance of no more than 2 fm, we find that a large "coalescence enhancement factor" F_co \sim 10 is required to account for the H1 signal. The same approach is then applied in order to estimate the number and characteristics of Theta_c events produced at LEP and the Tevatron.
description: Expanded general discussion of the coalescence model. Revised sec. 2.4, following correction of an error in HERWIG in the programming of the space-time structure of the underlying event in hadron-hadron collisions. Quantitative changes are small
RX J2130.6+4710 - an eclipsing white dwarf - M-dwarf binary star
Creators: name: Maxted, P. F. L.
name: Marsh, T. R.
name: Morales-Rueda, L.
name: Barstow, M. A.
name: Dobbie, P. D.
name: Schreiber, M. R.
name: Dhillon, V. S.
name: Brinkworth, C. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: (Abridged) We report the detection of eclipses in the close white-dwarf - M-dwarf binary star RXJ2130.6+4710. We estimate that the spectral type of the M-dwarf is M3.5Ve or M4Ve. We estimate that the effective temperature of the white dwarf is Teff = 18000K +- 1000K. We have used the width of the primary eclipse and duration of totality measured precisely from Ultracam u' data combined with the amplitude of the ellipsoidal effect in the I band and the semi-amplitudes of the spectroscopic orbits to derive masses and radii for the M-dwarf and white dwarf. The M-dwarf has a mass of 0.555 +- 0.023 solar masses and a radius of 0.534 +- 0.053 solar radii, which is a typical radius for stars of this mass. The mass of the white dwarf is 0.554 +- 0.017 solar masses and its radius is 0.0137 +- 0.0014 solar radii, which is the radius expected for a carbon-oxygen white dwarf of this mass and effective temperature RXJ2130.6+4710 is a rare example of a pre-cataclysmic variable star which will start mass transfer at a period above the period gap for cataclysmic variables.
description: 14 pages, 12 figures. Accepted for publication in MNRAS
title: The Crete and Cretans of Euripides: Perceptions and Representations
Creators: name: Sinha, Bijon Kumar
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 2017

description: This thesis focuses on Euripides’ dramatic representations of Crete, famous from myth, geography, art, literature and philosophy. This thesis will attempt to address the following key questions: how is Crete represented in the extant Euripidean plays and fragments? How consistent are such representations between themselves? How are the Cretan mythological characters deployed? How are previous representations of Crete re-stated or adapted? What questions of association and identity appear to be raised? What kinds of multiple identities and their potential for interpretation are to be found in the plays? How do these relate to paradigms found in other sources? And finally, do Euripides’ representations of Crete as an island as constructed in these works contribute to a wider understanding of the relationship between the islands and Athens? Various themes emerge from detailed textual analyses which stress Crete’s distinct, isolated nature, including the portrayals of Minos, Cretan women, the Minotaur, Cretan gods and spirits and the location of Crete itself. Many of these themes are also deployed paradoxically to stress, instead, Crete’s links with the mainland. Overall, common themes emerge that can be usefully considered in terms of two contemporary, theoretical models - insularity and interconnectivity-, which offer insights into the complex relationships of difference and similarity between islands and the mainland. In terms of insularity, Crete is viewed as an ‘island’, distant and distinct from Athens. The model of interconnectivity, conversely, stresses links between Crete and other regions as suggested by the many travels undertaken by protagonists in these works. Insularity and interconnectivity, then, can be used to consider Euripides’ Crete as part of a continuum between complete independence from and complete integration with the outside world. By considering models of insularity and interconnectivity specifically in relation to drama, this thesis departs in new directions from previous studies. Chapter 1 outlines the research questions raised in the study of Cretanism and explains the structure of the thesis. Chapter 2 entails textual analyses of the references to Crete in Hippolytus. Chapter 3 involves textual analyses of the fragmentary The Cretans, illustrating how Cretans on Crete are represented. Chapter 4 considers emerging themes used to emphasize Cretanism, which, in turn, reinforce Crete’s distinctive, insular nature. Chapter 5 considers the evidence in terms of insularity and interconnectivity. These models highlight difference and separation, as well as similarity and interconnectivity between Crete, Athens and the rest of the Greek world. Chapter 6 reflects on the findings of previous chapters, arguing that certain models of insularity and interconnectivity can be usefully drawn out of Euripides’ representations of Crete to offer insights into the perceptions of islands in drama.
The Formation of Very Massive Stars in Early Galaxies and Implications for Intermediate Mass Black Holes
Creators: name: Regan, John A.
name: Wise, John H.
name: Woods, Tyrone E.
name: Downes, Turlough P.
name: O'Shea, Brian W.
name: Norman, Michael L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the ab-initio formation of super-massive stars in a pristine atomic cooling halo. The halo is extracted from a larger self-consistent parent simulation. The halo remains metal-free and star formation is suppressed due to a combination of dynamical heating from mergers and a mild ($J_{\rm LW} \sim 2 - 10 \ J_{21}$(z)) Lyman-Werner (LW) background. We find that more than 20 very massive stars form with stellar masses greater than 1000 M$_{\odot}$. The most massive star has a stellar mass of over 6000 M$_{\odot}$. However, accretion onto all stars declines significantly after the first $\sim$ 100 kyr of evolution as the surrounding material is accreted and the turbulent nature of the gas causes the stars to move to lower density regions. We post-process the impact of ionising radiation from the stars and find that ionising radiation is not a limiting factor when considering SMS formation and growth. Rather the birth environments are highly turbulent and a steady accretion flow is not maintained within the timescale (2 Myr) of our simulations. As the massive stars end their lives as direct collapse black holes this will seed these embryonic haloes with a population of black holes with masses between approximately 300 M$_{\odot}$ and 10,000 M$_{\odot}$. Afterwards they may sink to the centre of the haloes, eventually coalescing to form larger intermediate mass black holes whose in-situ mergers will be detectable by LISA.
description: 13 pages. Accepted for publication in the Open Journal of Astrophysics
4952: Princess Mary Christmas Tin
Creators: name: Project Team, Lest We Forget
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 430304
subject: British history
classificationCode: 430308
subject: European history (excl. British, classical Greek and Roman)
classificationCode: 430316
subject: International history

description: Artefact from a private collector of war memorabilia.
Resource-efficient frequency conversion for quantum networks via sequential four-wave mixing
Creators: name: Wright, Thomas A.
name: Parry, Charlotte
name: Gibson, Oliver R.
name: Francis-Jones, Robert J. A.
name: Mosley, Peter J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report a resource-efficient scheme in which a single pump laser was used to achieve frequency conversion by Bragg-scattering four-wave mixing in a photonic crystal fiber. We demonstrate bidirectional conversion of coherent light between Sr+ P1/2 - D3/2 emission wavelength at 1092 nm and the telecommunication C band with conversion efficiencies of 4.2 % and 37 % for up- and down-conversion, respectively. We discuss how the scheme may be viably scaled to meet the temporal, spectral and polarisation stability requirements of a hybrid light-matter quantum network.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
INTEGRAL observations of the PSR B1259-63 / SS2883 system after the 2004 periastron passage
Creators: name: Shaw, S. E.
name: Chernyakova, M.
name: Rodriguez, J.
name: Walter, R.
name: Kretschmar, P.
name: Mereghetti, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The millisecond pulsar PSR B1259-63 and the Be star SS2883 are situated in a highly eccentric binary system, with orbital period ~3.4 years. We report on hard X-ray observations obtained with the INTEGRAL satellite close to the 2004 periastron passage. These are the first imaging observations of this system in the hard X-ray range (>20 keV) and allow the emission of PSR B1259-63 to be separated from that of a nearby unidentified variable source which may have contaminated previous hard X-ray observations of this system. Using the IBIS/ISGRI instrument we measured a flux of ~2--6 mCrab in the 20--200 keV range, with a power law spectrum of photon index of 1.3 +/- 0.5.
description: Accepted for publication in Astronomy and Astrophysics Letters. See paper for author affiliations
The fragility of natural carbon sinks and the urgency for climate action
Creators: name: Duong, Minh-Phuong Thi
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Fostering an “eco-surplus culture” that promotes conservation and restoration isimportant for reestablishing the bond between humans and nature. Aligning human activitywith ecological health through education, conservation, and community involvement isvital for promoting sustainable practices. Such a cultural transformation is essential forcreating a more resilient future, one that recognizes our interconnectedness with theenvironment and prioritizes the health of our planet for generations to come.
An investigation of human and viral genetic factors influencing HIV disease progression and response to treatment in the era of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART)
Creators: name: Brumme, Zabrina Lesley
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Objective: Host and viral genetic factors contribute significantly to the natural course of untreated HIV infection; however, the impact of these genetic factors on response to modern antiretroviral therapies remains poorly understood. The primary objective of this thesis is to establish the impact of specific host and viral genetic factors on HIV disease progression and treatment response in the era of Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy (HAART). Methods: Host genetic factors selected for investigation include polymorphisms in chemokine receptor genes known to play a role in HIV disease progression during untreated infection (CCR₅ and CX₃CRI), or genes involved in drug metabolism (MDR-1). Viral genetic factors selected for investigation include polymorphisms in HIV genes known to influence untreated disease progression (HIV envelope), or mutations in the viral genome known or suspected to confer resistance to antiretroviral agents. The impact of host and viral genetic factors on short and longer-term clinical outcomes were assessed using retrospective, population-based cohort and case-control analyses of HIV-infected individuals enrolled in the HIV/AIDS Drug Treatment Program in British Columbia, Canada. Results: Naturally-occurring polymorphisms in human chemokine receptor genes CCR₅ and CX₃CRI, as well as genes involved in drug metabolism (MDR-1) appear to be associated with differential short and longer-term responses to antiretroviral therapy; however, the relative contribution of individual human genetic polymorphisms to therapy response is likely to be small. In contrast, genetic variation in the HIV envelope appears to significantly affect both short and longer-term clinical responses to HAART, supporting the use of HIV envelope genotypes as determinants of therapy response. An investigation of the impact of antiretroviral resistance mutations on long-term clinical outcomes, in particular, mortality, suggested that drug resistance, although associated with poor short-term therapy efficacy, is not yet a major factor contributing to mortality among HIV-infected persons in British Columbia, at least on a population basis. Conclusion: Results support the potential incorporation of HIV envelope genotyping as a monitoring tool for the clinical management of HIV-infected individuals. The impact of human genetic variation on therapy response, however, is likely to be mediated by the contributions of polymorphisms in many different genes; a more comprehensive approach may therefore be necessary before incorporating host genotypes into routine HIV clinical management.
4955: Queen Alexandra's Imperial Military Nursing Service Reserve badge
Creators: name: Project Team, Lest We Forget
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 430304
subject: British history
classificationCode: 430308
subject: European history (excl. British, classical Greek and Roman)
classificationCode: 430316
subject: International history

description: Artefact from a private collector of war memorabilia.
title: Re.Vinum : Refugium. Recycelt. Reversibel
Creators: name: Reichenberg, Genia
Publisher: name: TU Wien
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: temporäres Wohnen
subject: Temporary Housing

description: Die vorliegende Arbeit beschäftigt sich mit bewohnbaren Mikroarchitekturen sowie recycelbaren beziehungsweise recycelten (Bau-)Materialien in Hinblick auf ihre Ökologie. Unter Einbeziehung des theoretischen Wissens in diesen beiden Bereichen wird anschließend der Entwurf für ein Gebäude entwickelt, das zudem modular, vorgefertigt, in Selbstbauweise zu errichten sowie reversibel ist. Im Rahmen dieser Arbeit werden zwei unterschiedliche Ansätze mit Recycling in der Architektur umzugehen vorgestellt und auf ihre Übertragbarkeit auf ein Entwurfsprojekt geprüft: Upcycling nach Braungart/McDonough und Reuse am Beispiel von Superuse Studios. Mögliche Materialien für das Projekt werden hinsichtlich darauf bewertet und mit Alternativen verglichen. Es wird erläutert, was Mikroarchitekturen ausmacht und in welchen Situationen sie zur Anwendung kommen. Wir erkennen an den gezeigten Beispielen vier Hauptmotivationen: Ökologie, Ökonomie, Mobilität und Subversion. Weiters werden Möglichkeiten aufgezeigt, wie im Gebäudeinneren durch entsprechend ausgeführtes Mobiliar Platz gespart werden kann. Die Planung einer temporäreren Wohneinheit für 2-3 Personen aus recycelten und recycelbaren Materialien auf knapp 10 m2 führt die beiden Recherchethemen in einem konkreten Entwurfsprojekt zusammen. Es ist in einem Weingarten im 19. Wiener Gemeindebezirk angedacht, in welchem Gebäude nur auf Widerruf bewilligt werden. Mögliche Nachnutzung werden daher aufgezeigt.
description: This thesis is concerned with habitable microarchitectures and recyclable or recycled (building) materials in light of their ecology. Based on engagement with theoretic knowledge in these fields, a new building is conceptualized. Additionally, the design is expected to be modular, prebuilt, self-constructible and reversible. Two views on the handling of recycling in architecture are presented and scrutinized with regard to applicability for this project: Upcycling following Braungart/McDonough and Reuse as realized by Superuse Studios. In view of this analysis, possible materials are evaluated and compared with alternatives. Further considerations are devoted to the theme of microarchitectures and their situational utilization. The illustrated examples unveil four major motivations: ecology, economy, mobility and subversion. Furthermore, possibilities of saving indoor space with suitably designed furniture are demonstrated. The two research topics are connected in the planning of a temporary living space for 2-3 people. The habitable space amounts to 10 m2 and is constructed of recycled and recyclable materials. It is situated in a vineyard in the 19th district of Vienna, where the construction of buildings is only authorized with right to revocation. To accommodate this legal situation, possible ways of reuse are suggested.
Completing the operadic butterfly
Creators: name: Loday, Jean-Louis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 18D50; 17Dxx; 17A32

description: We complete a certain diagram (the operadic butterfly) of categories of algebras involving Com, As, and Lie by constructing a type of algebras which have 4 generating operations and 16 relations. The associated operad is self-dual for Koszul duality.
Relativistic mask method for electron momentum distributions after ionization of hydrogen-like ions in strong laser fields
Creators: name: Tumakov, D. A.
name: Telnov, Dmitry A.
name: Plunien, G.
name: Zaytsev, V. A.
name: Shabaev, V. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Wavefunction-splitting or mask method, widely used in the non-relativistic calculations of the photoelectron angular distributions, is extended to the relativistic domain within the dipole approximation. Since the closed-form expressions for the relativistic Volkov states are not available within the dipole approximation, we build such states numerically solving a single second-order differential equation. We calculate the photoelectron energy spectra and angular distributions for highly charged ions under different ionization regimes with both the direct and the relativistic mask methods. We show that the relativistic mask method works very well and reproduces the electron energy and angular distributions calculated by the direct method in the energy range where both methods can be used. On the other hand, the relativistic mask method can be applied for longer laser pulses and/or higher photoelectron energies where the direct method may have difficulties.
Predictions for multi-particle final states with SHERPA
Creators: name: Gleisberg, T.
name: Hoeche, S.
name: Krauss, F.
name: Schaelicke, A.
name: Schumann, S.
name: Soff, G.
name: Winter, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this contribution the new event generation framework SHERPA will be presented, which aims at a full simulation of events at current and future high-energy experiments. Some first results related to the production of weak vector bosons in association with jets at the Tevatron and the LHC will be discussed.
description: Talk given by S. Schumann at Physics at LHC, 13-17 July, 2004, Vienna, Austria. 8 pages, 4 figures
4972: Booklet on The Scottish National War Memorial in Edinburgh Castle
Creators: name: Project Team, Lest We Forget
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 430304
subject: British history
classificationCode: 430308
subject: European history (excl. British, classical Greek and Roman)
classificationCode: 430316
subject: International history

description: Artefact from a private collector of war memorabilia.
Continuous-variable gate teleportation and bosonic-code error correction
Creators: name: Walshe, Blayney W.
name: Baragiola, Ben Q.
name: Alexander, Rafael N.
name: Menicucci, Nicolas C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine continuous-variable gate teleportation using entangled states made from pure product states sent through a beamsplitter. We show that such states are Choi states for a (typically) non-unitary gate, and we derive the associated Kraus operator for teleportation, which can be used to realize non-Gaussian, non-unitary quantum operations on an input state. With this result, we show how gate teleportation is used to perform error correction on bosonic qubits encoded using the Gottesman-Kitaev-Preskill code. This result is presented in the context of deterministically produced macronode cluster states, generated by constant-depth linear optical networks, supplemented with a probabilistic supply of GKP states. The upshot of our technique is that state injection for both gate teleportation and error correction can be achieved without active squeezing operations -- an experimental bottleneck for quantum optical implementations.
description: 21 pages, 5 figures
High quality superconducting niobium films produced by Ultra High Vacuum Cathodic Arc
Creators: name: Russo, R.
name: Catani, L.
name: Cianchi, A.
name: Tazzari, S.
name: Langner, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The vacuum arc is a well-known technique to produce coating with enhanced adhesion and film density. Many cathodic arc deposition systems are actually in use in industry and research. They all work under (high) vacuum conditions in which water vapor pressure is an important source of film contamination, especially in the pulsed arc mode of operation. Here we present a Cathodic Arc system working under Ultra High Vacuum conditions (UHVCA). UHVCA has been used to produce ultra-pure niobium films with excellent structural and electrical properties at a deposition temperature lower than 100oC. The UHVCA technique therefore opens new perspectives for all applications requiring ultra-pure films or, as in the case of Plasma Immersion Ion Implantation, ultra-pure plasmas.
description: submitted to APL
Scaling of PDFs, TMDs, and GPDs in soft-wall AdS/QCD
Creators: name: Lyubovitskij, Valery E.
name: Schmidt, Ivan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explicitly demonstrate how to correctly define the hadronic parton distributions (PDFs, TMDs, and GPDs) in the soft-wall AdS/QCD approach, based on the use of a quadratic dilaton field, providing confinement and spontaneous breaking of conformal and chiral symmetries. The power behavior of parton distributions at large values of the light-cone variable is consistent with quark counting rules and Drell-Yan-West duality. All parton distributions are defined in terms of profile functions, which depend on the light-cone coordinate and are fixed from PDFs and electromagnetic form factors.
4942: Platoon and Company Drill Book
Creators: name: Project Team, Lest We Forget
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 430304
subject: British history
classificationCode: 430308
subject: European history (excl. British, classical Greek and Roman)
classificationCode: 430316
subject: International history

description: Artefact from a private collector of war memorabilia.
Spontaneous edge currents for the Dirac equation in two space dimensions
Creators: name: Gruber, Michael J.
name: Leitner, Marianne
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 81Q10, 58J32

description: Spontaneous edge currents are known to occur in systems of two space dimensions in a strong magnetic field. The latter creates chirality and determines the direction of the currents. Here we show that an analogous effect occurs in a field-free situation when time reversal symmetry is broken by the mass term of the Dirac equation in two space dimensions. On a half plane, one sees explicitly that the strength of the edge current is proportional to the difference between the chemical potentials at the edge and in the bulk, so that the effect is analogous to the Hall effect, but with an internal potential. The edge conductivity differs from the bulk (Hall) conductivity on the whole plane. This results from the dependence of the edge conductivity on the choice of a selfadjoint extension of the Dirac Hamiltonian. The invariance of the edge conductivity with respect to small perturbations is studied in this example by topological techniques.
description: 10 pages; final version
The gravitational wave signal from massive black hole binaries and its contribution to the LISA data stream
Creators: name: Sesana, A.
name: Haardt, F.
name: Madau, P.
name: Volonteri, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Massive black hole binaries, with masses in the range 1E3-1E8 Msun, are expected to be the most powerful sources of gravitational radiation at mHz frequencies, and hence are among the primary targets for the planned Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA). We extend and refine our previous analysis (Sesana et al. 2004), detailing the gravitational wave signal expected from a cosmological population of massive black hole binaries. As done in our previous paper, we follow the merger history of dark matter halos, the dynamics of the massive black holes they host, and their growth via gas accretion and binary coalescences in a LCDM cosmology. Stellar dynamical processes dominates the orbital evolution of black hole binaries at large separations, while gravitational wave emission takes over at small radii, causing the final coalescence of the pairs. We show that the GW signal from this population, in a 3 year LISA observation, will be resolved into approx 90 discrete events with S/N>5, among which approx. 35 will be observed above threshold until coalescence. These "merging events" involve relatively massive binaries, M=10E5 Msun, in the redshift range 26) and, although their S/N integrated over the duration of the observation can be substantial, the final coalescence phase is at too high frequency to be directly observable by space-based interferometers such as LISA. LISA will be able to detect a fraction approx. 90% of all the coalescences of massive black hole binaries occurring at z=5. The residual confusion noise from unresolved massive black hole binaries is expected to be at least an order of magnitude below the estimated stochastic noise.
description: 9 pages, 9 figures, version accepted by ApJ
Polar gravitational perturbations and quasinormal modes of a loop quantum gravity black hole
Creators: name: Cruz, M. B.
name: Brito, F. A.
name: Silva, C. A. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, we have calculated the polar gravitational quasinormal modes for a quantum corrected black hole model, that arises in the context of Loop Quantum Gravity, known as Self-Dual Black Hole. In this way, we have calculated the characteristic frequencies using the WKB approach, where we can verify a strong dependence with the Loop Quantum Gravity parameters. At the same time we check that the Self-Dual Black Hole is stable under polar gravitational perturbations, we can also verify that the spectrum of the polar quasinormal modes differs from the axial one \cite{Cruz:2015bcj}. Such a result tells us that isospectrality is broken in the context of Self Dual Black Holes.
description: 16 pages, 5 figures. This manuscript has been accepted for publication as a Regular Article in Physical Review D
4945: Postcards of Ypres, Albert and Bruges
Creators: name: Project Team, Lest We Forget
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 430304
subject: British history
classificationCode: 430308
subject: European history (excl. British, classical Greek and Roman)
classificationCode: 430316
subject: International history

description: Artefact from a private collector of war memorabilia.
Ontologia para o Gerenciamento de Segurança da Informação em Sistemas-de-Sistemas
Creators: name: Roberto Monteiro Dias
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021

description: Presentation of the paper at the XIV Seminar on Ontology Research in Brazil (ONTOBRAS 2021) and the V Doctoral and Master’s Consortium on Ontologies (WTDO 2021).
Additional file 1 of Single-cell RNA-seq with spike-in cells enables accurate quantification of cell-specific drug effects in pancreatic islets
Creators: name: Marquina-Sanchez, Brenda
name: Fortelny, Nikolaus
name: Farlik, Matthias
name: Andhira Vieira
name: Collombat, Patrick
name: Bock, Christoph
name: Kubicek, Stefan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology

description: Additional file 1. Supplementary Figures S1-S11 and corresponding legends
Nucleosynthesis of an $11.8\,M_\odot$ Supernova with 3D Simulation of the Inner Ejecta: Overall Yields and Implications for Short-Lived Radionuclides in the Early Solar System
Creators: name: Sieverding, Andre
name: Mueller, Bernhard
name: Qian, Yong-Zhong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Based on a 3D supernova simulation of an $11.8\,M_\odot$ progenitor model with initial solar composition, we study the nucleosynthesis using tracers covering the innermost $0.1\,M_\odot$ of the ejecta. These ejecta are mostly proton-rich and contribute significant amounts of $^{45}$Sc and $^{64}$Zn. The production of heavier isotopes is sensitive to the electron fraction and hence the neutrino emission from the proto-neutron star. The yields of these isotopes are rather uncertain due to the approximate neutrino transport used in the simulation. In order to obtain the total yields for the whole supernova, we combine the results from the tracers with those for the outer layers from a suitable 1D model. Using the yields of short-lived radionuclides (SLRs), we explore the possibility that an $11.8\,M_\odot$ supernova might have triggered the formation of the solar system and provided some of the SLRs measured in meteorites. In particular, we discuss two new scenarios that can account for at least the data on $^{41}$Ca, $^{53}$Mn, and $^{60}$Fe without exceeding those on the other SLRs.
description: 16 pages, 9 Figures, 4 Tables