cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Sociotechnical co-production of planning information : opportunities and limits of crowdsourcing for the geography and planning of bicycle transportation
Creators: name: Griffin, Greg P.
name: 0000-0003-1881-5665
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 2019
Subjects: Urban planning
Bicycling
Crowdsourcing
GIS

description: Urban planners deploy civic technologies to engage publics with digital tools in a relative vacuum of theory, understanding of challenges, or benefits. The issue, Lewis Mumford might have framed, could be of authoritarian and democratic technics—whether the technology contributes more to top-down control or bottom-up understanding. Building from collaborative planning theory, co-production suggests ways people can leverage technologies to build urban solutions with or without professional planners. Empirical research shows that crowdsourcing to address planning questions with digital civic platforms can help fill or mitigate information gaps, including support for bicycling as a safe and comfortable travel mode. However, no research has addressed how crowdsourced information for bicycle planning offers new insights for safety, the geography of participation, or how its social construction impacts its representation of bicycling in a community. A new framework for evaluating co-productive planning is proposed, considering legitimacy, accessibility, social learning, transparency, and representation (LASTR). This dissertation addresses these concerns of safety, geography, and social construction through the LASTR framework using mixed-methods case studies in Portland, Oregon, and Austin, Texas. Bicycle volumes and street ratings through the crowdsourcing platform, along with geographic information system environmental data, and interviews with thirty-three informants form the basis for evaluating these issues. Viewed from pragmatism and social construction of technology, the social processes of planning and technological developments are intertwined and traced in tandem. The first three chapters frame the problems, build a background in theory, and describe the research questions, planning contexts, and data for analysis. The next three chapters are empirical, evaluating the use of crowdsourced information for bicycle safety, comparing the geography of crowdsourced participation with in-person meetings from both cities’ most recent bicycle planning process, and tracing the sociotechnical representation of crowdsourcing bicyclist information through interviews and case materials. The final chapter summarizes the findings and implications for practice and research. This dissertation shows that the biased representation of bicycling in these two crowdsourcing cases pose opportunities to identify safer bicycling routes and expand public participation geographies, but could exacerbate problems with aligning public improvements with the users of a specific technological approach. Further, the construct of crowdsourcing for urban planning remains flexible and therefore merits further study and knowledge transfer for practitioners and students.
Unmasking Responsibility: An Investigation into Responsible Citizenship During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Ottawa
Creators: name: Cayouette, Kyle Gordon
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biological Citizenship
COVID-19
Health Promotion
Healthism
Neoliberalism
Responsible Citizenship

description: This thesis examines health promotion discourse in Ottawa during the COVID-19 pandemic to explore what it means to be a responsible citizen. Using press releases/special statements and tweets from January 2020 to November 2022 from city officials and city departments in Ottawa, this thesis employed critical discourse analysis (CDA) to explore potential changes in health promotion discourse and meaning-making, asking how citizenship was remade in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic. The findings support claims that health is increasingly neoliberalized, with a greater emphasis placed on individual health as a condition of responsible citizenship. This increased neoliberalization ultimately shifts our attention away from state responsibilities vis-à-vis citizens, and in this case, the neglected role of local governments in managing health crises.
Molecular Dependence of the Large Seebeck Effect in τ-type Organic Conductors
Creators: name: Aizawa, Hirohito
name: Kuroki, Kazuhiko
name: Yoshino, Harukazu
name: Mousdis, George A.
name: Papavassiliou, George C.
name: Murata, Keizo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the Seebeck effect in the $τ$-type organic conductors, $τ$-(EDO-$S$,$S$-DMEDT-TTF)$_{2}$(AuBr$_{2}$)$_{1+y}$ and $τ$-(P-$S$,$S$-DMEDT-TTF)$_{2}$(AuBr$_{2}$)$_{1+y}$, where EDO-$S$,$S$-DMEDT-TTF and P-$S$,$S$-DMEDT-TTF are abbreviated as OOSS and NNSS, respectively, both experimentally and theoretically. Theoretically in particular, we perform first-principles band calculation for the two materials and construct a two-orbital model, on the basis of which we calculate the Seebeck coefficient. We show that the calculated temperature dependence of the Seebeck coefficient $S$ is semi-quantitatively consistent with the experimental observation. In both materials, the absolute value of the Seebeck coefficient is maximum at a certain temperature, and this temperature is lower for NNSS than for OOSS. From a band structure viewpoint, we find that this can be traced back to the narrowness of the band gap between the upper and the lower pudding-mold type bands. On the other hand, the Seebeck coefficient of NNSS in the low temperature regime steeply increases with increasing temperature, which is due to the narrowness of the upper band. These differences in thermoelectric properties demonstrate the effectiveness of controlling the band structure through molecular modification.
description: 6 pages, 7 figures. To be published in J. Phys. Soc. Jpn
Science and Technology Studies in the energy-water nexus : a naturalistic inquiry of reclaimed water use in thermoelectric power plants
Creators: name: Tajchman, Kristina Lynn
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 2019
Subjects: Energy-water nexus
Sustainability
Reclaimed water
Recycled water
Patrick Geddes
Naturalistic inquiry
Science & Technology Studies
Thermoelectric power plants

description: Energy is necessary to transport, treat, pump, convey, cool, and heat water such that it is available at the appropriate time, place, temperature and salinity for an array of human uses. Water is required to produce and extract fuel sources such as oil and gas, and it is used in the cooling systems of power plant operations as they generate electricity. This dissertation examines the interrelationships between these resources, also known as the Energy-Water Nexus, and the associated actors, technologies, environments, and policies that affect them. While there are many interrelated system boundaries to this relationship that are critical to society—such as food, sanitation, and carbon footprint—I focus on large-scale solutions that can make a significant difference in efficient use of energy and water. Specifically, this study is focused on the use of water in thermoelectric power plants and investigates which factors lead decision-makers toward using reclaimed water rather than the traditionally used freshwater. Important quantitative studies have addressed feasibility, costs, logistics, and policy developments related to the use of reclaimed water for cooling, but these studies leave a substantial gap in qualitative understanding of the sociopolitical influences on this transition. To support a growing understanding of using reclaimed water as an alternative, this research design is guided by methods developed in Science and Technology Studies (STS), a field of study that recognizes the complicated and continuously evolving nature of energy and water use. The research began with an Interactive Qualitative Analysis (IQA) of utility company relationships within the ecosociotechnical infrastructure in the state of Texas. This method was followed by and completed with Naturalistic Inquiry, which is well-suited for this research because of the complex and dynamic nature of the topic under study. This approach is especially important to the energy-water nexus as the units of analysis include not only policies, climates, and social pressures, but also the changing relationships between them. Where possible, diagrams have been created to visually aid interpretation and indicate connections between scenarios and solutions. The goal of this research was to: (1) understand the variables that influence the decision-makers in the process of shifting to reclaimed water use, (2) understand how these variables relate to each other, and (3) use that understanding to articulate how to support a dynamic and adaptive framework for continual evaluation of electricity generation and water resource alternatives, and to identify the factors that influence both theory and practice in energy and water planning.
ON THE DECOMPOSITION OF PERMUTATION REPRESENTATION ASSOCIATED WITH SET CONSISTING OF NONEMPTY SUBSETS OF SET OF FIRST N NATURAL NUMBERS AND RELATED COMBINATORIAL IDENTITIES
Creators: name: Shivaji N. Chepate, Shailendra D. Deo
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: We denote the set of first  natural numbers by. We denote the set consisting of all  subsets of  by , where  is an integer such that. The set consisting of all nonempty subsets of  is denoted by  . The symmetric group  acts on sets and  in natural way as . Let  and denote the permutation modules associated with  and  respectively. In this paper, we decompose   and upto equivalence for  and we obtain general rule  for decomposition of   and upto equivalence as a direct sum of Specht modules 's when  is even and when  is odd. By computing dimensions on both sides of these decompositions, we get some nice combinatorial identities.
Adsorption at Nanoconfined Solid-Water Interfaces
Creators: name: Ilgen, Anastasia G.
name: Leung, Kevin
name: Criscenti, Louise J.
name: Greathouse, Jeffery A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Reactions at solid-water interfaces play a foundational role in water treatment systems, catalysis, chemical separations, and in predicting chemical fate and transport in the environment. Over the last century, experimental measurements and computational models have made tremendous progress in capturing reactions at solid surfaces. The interfacial reactivity of a solid surface, however, can change dramatically and unexpectedly when it is confined to the nanoscale. Nanoconfinement can arise in different geometries such as pores/cages (3-D confinement), channels (2-D confinement) and slits (1-D confinement). Therefore, measurements on unconfined surfaces, and molecular models parameterized based on these measurements, fail to capture chemical behaviors under nanoconfinement. This review evaluates recent experimental and theoretical advances, with a focus on adsorption at solid-water interfaces. We review how nanoconfinement alters the physico-chemical properties of water, and how the structure and dynamics of nanoconfined water dictate energetics, pathways, and products of adsorption in nanopores. The implications of these findings and future research directions are discussed.
description: Manuscript accepted for publication Annu. Rev. Phys. Chem (2023)
The role of authority on emotional disclosure within sibling relationships
Creators: name: Scott, Darby Nicole
name: 0000-0002-4938-1727
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 2019
Subjects: Authority
Authoritarianism
Authoritativeness
Emotional disclosure
Sibling relationships
Sibling self-disclosure
Sibling relationship satisfaction
Sibling relationship characteristics

description: Limited research has focused on the unique characteristics of sibling relationships which differentiate them from close relationships. The current study seeks to build upon foundational research on authority (authoritativeness and authoritarianism), self-disclosure, relationship satisfaction, and characteristics of sibling relationships (birth order, age gap, and sex composition) within the context of sibling dyads. Data were collected via an online survey from 193 participants; however, as the focus of this study centers on siblings in emerging adulthood, participants over the age of 25 were dropped from the analysis. The data from the remaining 187 respondents included their perception of a selected siblings’ authority style, their own authority style, self-disclosure, and relationship satisfaction with their sibling. Analyses revealed that both participant and sibling authoritarianism were positively correlated with relationship satisfaction. Additionally, older siblings reported engaging in more disclosure than younger siblings. Finally, controlling for participant and sibling sex, self-disclosure was positively associated with relationship satisfaction. Further results and implications are discussed
Electrical characterization of si nanowire GAA-TFET based ondimensions downscaling
Creators: name: Natheer, Firas
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 400802
subject: Electrical circuits and systems

description: This research paper explains the effect of the dimensions of Gate-all-around
Si nanowire tunneling field effect transistor (GAA Si-NW TFET) on
ON/OFF current ratio, drain induces barrier lowering (DIBL), sub-threshold
swing (SS), and threshold voltage (VT). These parameters are critical factors
of the characteristics of tunnel field effect transistors. The Silvaco TCAD has
been used to study the electrical characteristics of Si-NW TFET. Output
(gate voltage-drain current) characteristics with channel dimensions were
simulated. Results show that 50nm long nanowires with 9nm-18nm diameter
and 3nm oxide thickness tend to have the best nanowire tunnel field effect
transistor (Si-NW TFET) characteristics.
Fusarium tardicrescens N. Maryani, L. Lombard, Kema & Crous, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Maryani, N.
name: Sandoval-Denis, M.
name: Lombard, L.
name: Crous, P. W.
name: Kema, G. H. J.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Fungi
Ascomycota
Sordariomycetes
Hypocreales
Nectriaceae
Fusarium
Fusarium tardicrescens

description: Fusarium tardicrescens N. Maryani, L. Lombard, Kema & Crous, sp. nov. — MycoBank MB828959 Synonym: Fusarium tardicrescens N. Maryani et al., Stud. Mycol. 92: 185. 2019. Nom. inval., Art. 40.7 (Shenzhen). Typus. MALAWI, Karonga, Misuku Hills, Musa sapientum cv. Harare, 1989, RC Ploetz (holotype specimen and culture, CBS 102024, preserved in metabolically inactive state). Description & Illustrations — Maryani et al. (2019).
description: Published as part of Maryani, N., Sandoval-Denis, M., Lombard, L., Crous, P. W. & Kema, G. H. J., 2019, New endemic Fusarium species hitch-hiking with pathogenic Fusarium strains causing Panama disease in small-holder banana plots in Indonesia, pp. 48-69 in Persoonia 43 on page 69, DOI: 10.3767/persoonia.2019.43.02, http://zenodo.org/record/3565708
Observation of Acoustic Non-Hermitian Bloch Braids and Associated Topological Phase Transitions
Creators: name: Zhang, Qicheng
name: Li, Yitong
name: Sun, Huanfa
name: Liu, Xun
name: Zhao, Luekai
name: Feng, Xiling
name: Fan, Xiying
name: Qiu, Chunyin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Topological features embedded in ancient braiding and knotting arts endow significant impacts on our daily life and even cutting-edge science. Recently, fast growing efforts are invested to the braiding topology of complex Bloch bands in non-Hermitian systems. This new classification of band topology goes far beyond those established in Hermitian counterparts. Here, we present the first acoustic realization of the topological non-Hermitian Bloch braids, based on a two-band model easily accessible for realizing any desired knot structure. The non-Hermitian bands are synthesized by a simple binary cavity-tube system, where the long-range, complex-valued, and momentum-resolved couplings are accomplished by a well-controlled unidirectional coupler. In addition to directly visualizing various two-band braiding patterns, we unambiguously observe the highly-elusive topological phase transitions between them. Not only do our results provide a direct demonstration for the non-Hermitian band topology, but also the experimental techniques open new avenues for designing unconventional acoustic metamaterials.
description: Accepted by PRL
Patch-based Hybrid Modelling of Spatially Distributed Systems by Using Stochastic HYPE - ZebraNet as an Example
Creators: name: Feng, Cheng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Performance (cs.PF)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Individual-based hybrid modelling of spatially distributed systems is usually expensive. Here, we consider a hybrid system in which mobile agents spread over the space and interact with each other when in close proximity. An individual-based model for this system needs to capture the spatial attributes of every agent and monitor the interaction between each pair of them. As a result, the cost of simulating this model grows exponentially as the number of agents increases. For this reason, a patch-based model with more abstraction but better scalability is advantageous. In a patch-based model, instead of representing each agent separately, we model the agents in a patch as an aggregation. This property significantly enhances the scalability of the model. In this paper, we convert an individual-based model for a spatially distributed network system for wild-life monitoring, ZebraNet, to a patch-based stochastic HYPE model with accurate performance evaluation. We show the ease and expressiveness of stochastic HYPE for patch-based modelling of hybrid systems. Moreover, a mean-field analytical model is proposed as the fluid flow approximation of the stochastic HYPE model, which can be used to investigate the average behaviour of the modelled system over an infinite number of simulation runs of the stochastic HYPE model.
description: In Proceedings QAPL 2014, arXiv:1406.1567
Phase transitions in strongly correlated electronic systems
Creators: name: Guarnaccia, Giuseppe
Publisher: name: Universita degli studi di Salerno
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: FIS/03 FISICA DELLA MATERIA
subject: Phase transition
subject: Strongly correlated electronic system
subject: Multi-orbital Hubbard model

description: 2012 - 2013
description: We studied the some type of phase transitions in Strongly Correlated Electronic Systems. In particular we rigorously established some exact properties of a multi-orbital Hubbard model, here formulated to describe a nematic phase transition. In the first step, using Bogoliubov’s inequality, we rigorously showed that the multiorbital Hubbard model with narrow bands, eventually in the presence of the spin-orbit coupling, does not exhibit long-range nematic order, in the low dimensions. This result holds at any finite temperature for both repulsive and attractive on-site Coulomb interactions, with and without spin-orbit coupling. In the following step, using the reflection positivity method, we showed that this model supports a staggered nematic order if repulsive or attractive on-site inter-orbital and intra-orbital interactions and off-site repulsive inter-orbital interaction are considered. Depending on the dimensions of the lattice where the model is defined, the order may or not may exist. Indeed, in three dimensions the order may exist at finite temperature, and we get the condition for its existence finding out an upper bound for the critical temperature. On the other hand, for two dimensional lattices, the order may exist at least in the ground state, if the hopping amplitude is small enough. Furthermore, in the final step, we studied the symmetry properties of the non-degenerate Hubbard model with spin-orbit interactions of Rashba and Dresselhaus type. These interactions break the rotational symmetry in spin space, so that the magnetic order cannot be excluded by using the Bogoliubov inequality method. Nevertheless, we rigorously show that the existence of the magnetic long-range orders may be ruled out when the Rashba and Dresselhaus coupling constants are equal in modulus, whereas the -pairing can be always ruled out, regardless of the microscopic parameters of the model. These results are obtained by imposing locally the SU(2) gauge symmetry on the lattice, and rewriting the spin-orbit interactions in such a way that they are included in the path ordered of the gauge field on lattice. [edited by Author]
The paradox of a resurgent Russia
Creators: name: Pillsbury-Price, Amy Katherine
name: 0000-0003-1652-4653
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 2019
Subjects: Russia
American withdrawal
World order

description: Russia has reemerged on the world stage relentlessly pursuing its global ambitions, despite economic malaise and relative poverty. This paper argues that Russia’s resurgence is a direct consequence of American abdication of global leadership. America’s retreat from its role as global policeman and standard-setter has fundamentally changed the world order, and a new, increasingly multipolar order is emerging. In this new order, an economically frail, yet geopolitically ambitious Russia can pursue its aspirations of Great Power status
The Cambridge Prognostic Groups for improved prediction of disease mortality at diagnosis in primary non-metastatic prostate cancer: a validation study.
Creators: name: Gnanapragasam, Vincent
name: Bratt, O
name: Muir, K
name: Lee, LS
name: Huang, HH
name: Stattin, P
name: Lophatananon, A
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2018
Subjects: Humans
Prostatic Neoplasms
Prognosis
Mortality
Survival Rate
Cohort Studies
Male

description: Purpose: To validate a new 5-tier prognostic classification system to better discriminate cancer specific mortality in men diagnosed with primary non-metastatic prostate cancer. Patients and Methods: We applied a recently described 5 strata model (Cambridge Prognostic Groups-CPG) in 2 international cohorts and tested prognostic performance against the current standard 3 strata classification of low, intermediate or high-risk disease. Diagnostic clinico-pathological data of men from Prostate Cancer Data Base Sweden (PCBaSe) and the Singapore Health Study were used. The main outcome measure was prostate cancer mortality (PCM) stratified by age group and treatment modality. Results: The PCBaSe cohort included 72,337 men, of whom 7,162 died of prostate cancer. The CPG model successfully classified men with different risks of PCM with competing risk-regression confirming significant intergroup distinction (p<0.0001). The CPGs were significantly better at stratified prediction of PCM compared to the current 3-tier system (C-Index 0.81 vs. 0.77, p<0.0001). This superiority was maintained for every age group division (p<0.0001). Also in the ethnically different Singapore cohort of 2,550 men with 142 prostate cancer deaths, the CPG model outperformed the 3 strata categories (C-Index 0.79 vs. 0.76, p<0.0001). The model also retained superior prognostic discrimination in treatment sub-groups - Radical prostatectomy (n=20,586): C-Index 0.77 vs. 074, radiotherapy (n=11,872): C-Index 0.73 vs. 0.68, and conservative management (n=14,950): C-Index 0.74 vs. 0.73. The CPG groups that sub-divided the old intermediate (CPG2 vs. CPG3) and high-risk categories (CPG4 vs.CPG5) significantly discriminated PCM outcomes after radical therapy or conservative management (p<0.0001). Conclusion: This validation study of nearly 75,000 men, confirms that the CPG 5-tiered prognostic model has superior discrimination in predicting prostate cancer death over the 3-tier model across different age and treatment groups. Crucially, it identifies distinct sub-groups of men within the old intermediate-risk and high-risk criteria who have very different prognostic outcomes We therefore propose adoption of the CPG model as a simple to use but more accurate prognostic stratification tool to help guide management for men with newly diagnosed prostate cancer.
Micro-strip ferromagnetic resonance study of strain-induced anisotropy in amorphous FeCuNbSiB film on flexible substrate
Creators: name: Zighem, Fatih
name: Bahoui, Anouar El
name: Moulin, Johan
name: Faurie, Damien
name: Belmeguenai, Mohamed
name: Mercone, Silvana
name: Haddadi, Halim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The magnetic anisotropy of a FeCuNbSiB (Finemet) film deposited on Kapton has been studied by micro-strip ferromagnetic resonance technique. We have shown that the flexibility of the substrate allows a good transmission of elastic strains generated by a piezoelectric actuator. Following the resonance field angular dependence, we also demonstrate the possibility of controlling the magnetic anisotropy of the film by applying relatively small voltages to the actuator. Moreover, a suitable model taking into account the effective elastic strains measured by digital image correlation and the effective elastic coefficients measured by Brillouin light scattering, allowed to deduce the magnetostrictive coefficient. This latter was found to be positive $(λ=16\times10^{-6}$) and consistent with the usually reported values for bulk amorphous FeCuNbSiB.
description: 9 pages, 8 figures
Model independent study of massive lepton elastic scattering on the proton, beyond the Born approximation
Creators: name: Gakh, G. I.
name: Konchatnyi, M.
name: Dbeyssi, A.
name: Tomasi-Gustafsson, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Model independent expressions for all polarization observables in $μ+p\to μ+p$ elastic scattering are obtained, taking into account the lepton mass and including the two-photon exchange contribution. The spin structure of the matrix element is parametrized in terms of six independent complex amplitudes, functions of two independent kinematical variables. General statements about the influence of the two--photon--exchange terms on the differential cross section and on polarization observables are given. Polarization effects have been investigated for the case of a longitudinally polarized lepton beam and polarized nucleon in the final state.
description: 28 pages, 3 figures
Àjọ : a certification to promote Nigerian sustainable design
Creators: name: Yussuff, Murktarat A.
name: 0000-0002-3751-799X
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 2019
Subjects: Nigeria
Product design
Environmental sustainability
Decolonizing design
Design justice
Sustainable certification systems
Branding
Badging
Social sustainability
Cultural sustainability

description: Why is there not more sustainable design in Nigeria? Despite being Africa’s Mecca of cultural production, and largest economy, Nigeria has the highest rates of poverty globally, along with some of the world’s worst waste issues, and is plagued by infrastructural and political challenges. Many Nigerian designers and NGOs have attempted to encourage sustainable design in Nigeria, but they have had only limited success because they have typically relied on Western models that are not a good fit with Nigerian infrastructures and culture(s). Addressing the challenge of sustainable design in Nigeria requires an incremental approach that is sensitive to Nigeria’s sociocultural and economic contexts, and that does not unrealistically expect Nigeria to change overnight. This approach must consider the limitations and challenges of the current context and find ways to encourage and support even modest gains in environmental, cultural, and social sustainability simultaneously. Àjọ is a sustainable design certification system that works toward that goal by showcasing and promoting Nigerian sustainable design. The platform takes its name from the Yoruba word àjọsepọ (to do together) and is inspired by the legacy of the grassroots cooperatives that Nigerians of the 1930s used in the face of structural obstacles in colonial Nigeria. The Àjọ certification system articulates sustainability standards for Nigeria that are not only environmentally but also culturally and socially appropriate.
A Convex Formulation for Learning Scale-Free Networks via Submodular Relaxation
Creators: name: Defazio, Aaron J.
name: Caetano, Tiberio S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: A key problem in statistics and machine learning is the determination of network structure from data. We consider the case where the structure of the graph to be reconstructed is known to be scale-free. We show that in such cases it is natural to formulate structured sparsity inducing priors using submodular functions, and we use their Lovász extension to obtain a convex relaxation. For tractable classes such as Gaussian graphical models, this leads to a convex optimization problem that can be efficiently solved. We show that our method results in an improvement in the accuracy of reconstructed networks for synthetic data. We also show how our prior encourages scale-free reconstructions on a bioinfomatics dataset.
A Meta-analysis of the 8 TeV ATLAS and CMS SUSY Searches
Creators: name: Nachman, Benjamin
name: Rudelius, Tom
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Between the ATLAS and CMS collaborations at the LHC, hundreds of individual event selections have been measured in the data to look for evidence of supersymmetry at a center of mass energy of 8 TeV. While there is currently no significant evidence for any particular model of supersymmetry, the large number of searches should have produced some large statistical fluctuations. By analyzing the distribution of p-values from the various searches, we determine that the number of excesses is consistent with the Standard Model only hypothesis. However, we do find a shortage of signal regions with far fewer observed events than expected in both the ATLAS and CMS datasets (at $1.65σ$ and $2.77σ$, respectively). While not as compelling as a surplus of excesses, the lack of deficits could be a hint of new physics already in the 8 TeV datasets.
description: Zero observed count regions excluded in v1, fixed in v2. Results are qualitatively unchanged
Predicting Knowledge Gain for MOOC Video Consumption
Creators: name: Otto, Christian
name: Stamatakis, Markos
name: Hoppe, Anett
name: Ewerth, Ralph
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Informal learning on the Web using search engines as well as more structured learning on MOOC platforms have become very popular in recent years. As a result of the vast amount of available learning resources, intelligent retrieval and recommendation methods are indispensable -- this is true also for MOOC videos. However, the automatic assessment of this content with regard to predicting (potential) knowledge gain has not been addressed by previous work yet. In this paper, we investigate whether we can predict learning success after MOOC video consumption using 1) multimodal features covering slide and speech content, and 2) a wide range of text-based features describing the content of the video. In a comprehensive experimental setting, we test four different classifiers and various feature subset combinations. We conduct a detailed feature importance analysis to gain insights in which modality benefits knowledge gain prediction the most.
description: 13 pages, 1 figure, 3 tables
Discovery of a Neutron Star Oscillation Mode During a Superburst
Creators: name: Strohmayer, Tod
name: Mahmoodifar, Simin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Neutron stars are among the most compact objects in the universe and provide a unique laboratory for the study of cold ultra-dense matter. While asteroseismology can provide a powerful probe of the interiors of stars, for example, helioseismology has provided unprecedented insights about the interior of the sun, comparable capabilities for neutron star seismology have not yet been achieved. Here we report the discovery of a coherent X-ray modulation from the neutron star 4U 1636-536 during the February 22, 2001 thermonuclear superburst seen with NASA's Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer (RXTE) that is very likely produced by a global oscillation mode. The observed frequency is 835.6440 +- 0.0002 Hz (1.43546 times the stellar spin frequency of 582.14323 Hz) and the modulation is well described by a sinusoid ( A + Bsin(p - p0) ) with fractional half-amplitude of B/A = 0.19 +- 0.04% (4-15 keV). The observed frequency is consistent with the expected inertial frame frequency of a rotationally-modified surface g-mode, an interfacial mode in the ocean-crust interface or perhaps an r-mode. Observing an inertial frame frequency--as opposed to a co-rotating frame frequency--appears consistent with the superburst's thermal emission arising from the entire surface of the neutron star, and the mode may become visible by perturbing the local surface temperature. We briefly discuss the implications of the mode detection for the neutron star's projected velocity and mass. Our results provide further strong evidence that global oscillation modes can produce observable modulations in the X-ray flux from neutron stars.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures, accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal Letters
HI absorption associated with Norma's brightest cluster galaxy
Creators: name: Saraf, Manasvee
name: Wong, O. Ivy
name: Cortese, Luca
name: Koribalski, Bärbel S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: ESO 137-G006 is the brightest cluster galaxy (BCG) of the cool-core and dynamically young Norma cluster. We discover an atomic hydrogen (HI) absorption line associated with this BCG using the Australia Telescope Compact Array. We estimate a gas column density of $ \approx (1.3 \pm 0.2) \times 10^{20}\,T_{\rm{spin}}$ atoms cm$^{-2}$ with spin temperature, $T_{\rm{spin}} \leq 194$ K, consistent with the HI properties of other early-type galaxies and cool-core cluster BCGs. The relationship between the presence of cold gas and a cluster cooling flow is unclear. Our results support the scenario that ESO 137-G006 may be a recent arrival to the cluster centre and not the original BCG. This scenario is consistent with the observed spatial alignment of the BCG's wide-angle tail radio lobes with Norma's X-ray sub-cluster and the significant line-of-sight velocity offset between the mean velocity of Norma and that of the BCG.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS. 10 pages, 3 figures (additional 4 pages, 3 figures in appendix)
Пребиотики как функциональные пищевые ингредиенты: терминология, критерии выбора и сравнительной оценки, классификация
Creators: name: Храмцов А. Г.
name: Рябцева С. А.
name: Будкевич Р. О.
name: Ахмедова В. Р.
name: Родная А. Б.
name: Маругина Е. В.
Publisher: name: Вопросы питания
Year: 2018
Subjects: пребиотики
терминология
классификация
пребиотический индекс
бифидогенные свойства

description: Целями данного обзора являются анализ современных представлений о пребиотиках как об одной из наиболее перспективных групп функциональных пищевых ингредиентов, определение проблем и тенденций развития исследований в этой области. Показаны предпосылки возникновения и этапы развития понятия «пребиотики», которое в настоящее время означает неперевариваемые пищевые вещества, избирательно стимулирующие рост и (или) биологическую активность одного или ограниченного числа представителей защитной микрофлоры кишечника человека, способствующие поддержанию ее нормального состава и биологической активности. Представлены критерии выбора пребиотиков и формулы определения пребиотического индекса. Описаны методы определения бифидогенных свойств функциональных пищевых продуктов, обогащенных пробиотическими микроорганизмами или пребиотическими веществами. Пребиотики классифицированы по нескольким признакам: природе и структуре, происхождению и источникам сырья, способу производства, области применения. Показано, что большинство исследователей считают пребиотиками только вещества углеводной природы, прежде всего неперевариваемые олигосахариды. Приведена краткая характеристика наиболее изученных пребиотиков: фруктанов, галактанов и лактулозы. Обобщена информация о технологических свойствах олигосахаридов-пребиотиков. Показано, что пребиотики относятся к быстрорастущим сегментам на мировом рынке функциональных ингредиентов, однако их производство и использование в России пока находятся на начальной стадии развития. Сформулированы основные задачи в сфере изучения пребиотиков: уточнение определения, совершенствование методов анализа их химического состава, исследования эффективности и механизмов влияния на кишечную микробиоту, особенно на взаимодействие в системе «макроорганизм–микробиота», с использованием современных молекулярно-генетических методов; научное обоснование возможности использования пребиотиков для профилактики и лечения алиментарно-зависимых заболеваний. Для практической реализации этих задач необходима разработка новых экономически эффективных способов производства пребиотиков и синбиотиков, а также технологий пищевых продуктов с их использованием.
Band structure of silicene on the zirconium diboride (0001) thin film surface - convergence of experiment and calculations in the one-Si-atom Brillouin zone
Creators: name: Lee, Chi-Cheng
name: Fleurence, Antoine
name: Yamada-Takamura, Yukiko
name: Ozaki, Taisuke
name: Friedlein, Rainer
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: So far, it represents a challenging task to reproduce angle-resolved photoelectron (ARPES) spectra of epitaxial silicene by first-principles calculations. Here, we report on the resolution of the previously controversial issue related to the structural configuration of silicene on the ZrB$_2$(0001) surface and its band structure. In particular, by representing the band structure in a large Brillouin zone associated with a single Si atom, it is found that the imaginary part of the one-particle Green's function follows the spectral weight observed in ARPES spectra. By additionally varying the in-plane lattice constant, the results of density functional theory calculations and ARPES data obtained in a wide energy range converge into the "planar-like" phase and provide the orbital character of electronic states in the vicinity of the Fermi level. It is anticipated that the choice of a smaller commensurate unit cell for the representation of the electronic structure will be useful for the study of epitaxial two-dimensional materials on various substrates in general.
description: 7 pages, 7 figures
PCA Methods and Evidence Based Filtering for Robust Aircraft Sensor Fault Diagnosis
Creators: name: Cartocci, N.
name: Costante, G.
name: Napolitano, M. R.
name: Valigi, P.
name: Crocetti, F.
name: Fravolini, M. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: In this paper PCA and D-PCA techniques are applied for the design of a Data Driven diagnostic Fault Isolation (FI) and Fault Estimation (FE) scheme for 18 primary sensors of a semi-autonomous aircraft. Specifically, Contributions-based, and Reconstruction-based Contributions approaches have been considered. To improve FI performance an inference mechanism derived from evidence-based decision making theory has been proposed. A detailed FI and FE study is presented for the True Airspeed sensor based on experimental data. Evidence Based Filtering (EBF) showed to be very effective particularly in reducing false alarms.
Harmonic forms on ALF gravitational instantons
Creators: name: Franchetti, Guido
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the space of square-integrable harmonic forms over ALF gravitational instantons of type $A _{ K -1 } $ and of type $D _K $. We first calculate its dimension making use of a result by Hausel, Hunsicker and Mazzeo which relates the Hodge cohomology of a gravitational instanton $M$ to the singular cohomology of a particular compactification $X _M $ of $M$. We then exhibit an explicit basis, exact for $A _{ K -1 } $ and approximate for $D _K $, and interpret geometrically the relations between $M$, $X _M $ and their cohomologies.
title: Uranium Budget and Leaching in Swiss Agricultural Systems
Creators: name: Bigalke, Moritz
name: Imseng, Martin
name: Schneider, Stephan
name: Schwab, Lorenz
name: Wiggenhauser, Matthias
name: Keller, Armin
name: Müller, Michael
name: Frossard, Emmanuel
name: Wilcke, Wolfgang
Publisher: name: Frontiers
Year: 2022

description: Many mineral P fertilizers contain toxic uranium (U) in high concentrations. When the fertilizers are applied to agricultural sites, U can either accumulate in the soil or leach to ground and surface waters. We analyzed the U fluxes at three arable and three grassland agricultural sites on the Swiss plateau for 1 year. We calculated all inputs and outputs to the soils, modeled the speciation of U in the soil solution and investigated the possible leaching of U along preferential flow paths. We found that all sites showed positive U budgets (+0.9–6.6 g ha⁻¹ y⁻¹), indicating an accumulation of U. However, the accumulation of U was low and a doubling of U concentration in the surface soil would need 850–2,660 years assuming today’s U fluxes. Mineral P fertilizers were the quantitatively most important input, followed by manure application and mineral weathering (only important in the soils developed on limestone). While at sites with slightly acidic pH only little U (<0.01 µg L⁻¹) was leached, the U leaching increased at neutral pH values, because of the formation of carbonato-U complexes. In all soil solutions, the U concentrations (≤0.8 µg L⁻¹) were below legal threshold values and comparable to local drinking and surface waters. We found no indication for enhanced U leaching along preferential flow paths.
Оценка биологической ценности и антигенности коагулированного белка куриного яйца
Creators: name: Сидорова Ю. С.
name: Мазо В. К.
name: Зорин С. Н.
name: Стефанова И. Л.
Publisher: name: Вопросы питания
Year: 2018
Subjects: коагулированный белок куриного яйца
биологическая ценность
коэффициент эффективности белка
истинная усвояемость
антигенность

description: Целью работы явилось исследование биологической ценности коагулированного белка куриного яйца in vivo на растущих крысах-самцах и сравнительная иммунохимическая оценка его антигенности in vitro. Эксперимент проводили на 50 растущих крысах-самцах линии Вистар с исходной массой тела 80±5 г. Животных рандомизировали на 3 группы (n=16): контрольную группу (Г1) и 2 опытные группы (Г2 и Г3). Животные всех трех групп получали изокалорийные и изоазотистые рационы: крысы группы Г1 получали базовый полусинтетический рацион на основе казеина (20% белка казеина по калорийности); крысы опытных групп Г2 и Г3 получали такие же полусинтетические рационы, в которых казеин был полностью заменен соответственно на белок куриного яйца (БКЯ) и коагулят БКЯ. Средняя поедаемость корма животными группы Г3, получавшими коагулят БКЯ, была статистически значимо ниже (13,7±0,6 г/сут; р<0,05) по сравнению как с животными контрольной группы Г1 (18,4±0,6 г/сут), так и с животными опытной группы Г2 (19,2±0,5 г/сут). Причем прирост массы тела животных группы Г3, получавших коагулированный БКЯ, достоверно от контрольных животных группы Г1 не отличался. Уже на 8-е сутки эксперимента прирост массы тела животных группы Г2, получавших нативный БКЯ, был статистически значимо выше по сравнению с другими группами. Коэффициент эффективности белка для животных группы Г3, получавших коагулят БКЯ, был значимо выше (1,96±0,04) по сравнению со значениями коэффициента как для животных контрольной группы Г1, получавших казеин (1,49±0,05, р<0,01), так и для животных опытной группы Г2, получавших БКЯ (1,60±0,02, р<0,05). Результаты иммуноферментного тестирования сохранности исходной антигенности овальбумина в нативном БКЯ свидетельствовали, что его содержание составило 33,0% относительно стандарта интактного овальбумина, антигенность которого принята за 100%. Разработанный процесс коагуляции способствовал снижению антигенности до 2,17%. Совокупность полученных данных свидетельствует о высокой биологической ценности и пониженной антигенности коагулированного БКЯ, что делает перспективным его использование в составе пищевых продуктов массового спроса и специализированных пищевых продуктов.
Formal and Informal Methods for Multi-Core Design Space Exploration
Creators: name: Kempf, Jean-Francois
name: Lebeltel, Olivier
name: Maler, Oded
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: Performance (cs.PF)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We propose a tool-supported methodology for design-space exploration for embedded systems. It provides means to define high-level models of applications and multi-processor architectures and evaluate the performance of different deployment (mapping, scheduling) strategies while taking uncertainty into account. We argue that this extension of the scope of formal verification is important for the viability of the domain.
description: In Proceedings QAPL 2014, arXiv:1406.1567
A Robust Data-Driven Fault Diagnosis scheme based on Recursive Dempster-Shafer Combination Rule *
Creators: name: N., Cartocci
name: Napolitano, M. R.
name: Costante, G.
name: Crocetti, F.
name: Valigi, P.
name: Fravolini, M. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: In-flight sensor fault diagnosis and recursive combination of residual signals via the Dempster-Shafer (DS) theory have been considered in this study. In particular, a novel evidence-based combination rule of residual errors as a function of a reliability measure derived from streaming data is proposed for the purpose of online robust sensors fault diagnosis. The proposed information fusion mechanism is divided into three steps. In the first step, the classic DS probability mass combination rule is applied; then, the difference between the previous posterior mass and the current prior mass associated with fault events is computed. Finally, the increment of the posterior mass of a fault event is weighted as a function of a reliability coefficient that depends on the norm of control activity. A Sensor Fault Isolation scheme based on the proposed combination rule has been worked out and compared with well-known state-of-the-art recursive combination rules. A quantitative analysis has been performed exploiting multi-flight data of a P92 Tecnam aircraft. The proposed approach showed to be effective, particularly in reducing the false alarms rate.
Supplementary document for Ultralow Thermal Conductivity of 2D Dion–Jacobson (PDA)(FA)n−1PbnI3n+1 Perovskite Films - 7173399.pdf
Creators: name: Yang, Wei
name: Chen, Xiangyu
name: Yuan, Mingqian
name: Geng, Zhiming
name: Zhao, Hongyuan
name: Wang, Huan
name: Zeng, Zhongle
name: chai, nianyao
name: Yue, Yunfan
name: Zhao, Fengyi
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2024
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Revised Supporting Information