cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Laser-matter interactions at sub-micron laser wavelengths
Creators: name: Pasini, Daniel
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: In recent years there has been considerable interest in the use of sub-micron wavelength lasers for target irradiation in laser fusion experiments. We present here an experimental investigation of laser-matter interaction in this short wavelength regime. We have irradiated planar targets with 0.532, 0.355 and 0.266 μm laser light with pulse lengths of 2 ns and at intensities ranging from 10¹² to 5 X 10¹³ W/cm². The results show that for these conditions inverse bremsstrahlung is very effective and leads to very high absorption (~ 95%). The X-ray spectrum also show that the absorbed energy is well thermalized and only a small number of energetic, non-thermal electrons are present. Also a very low level of scattered light was measured indicating that laser-plasma collective processes are not important. Energy transport was investigated using multilayer targets. Anomalous laser penetration depths in the target were obtained in these measurements. This has been successfully explained in a simple hydrodynamic model where two-dimensional effects were taken into account. In the study of the ablation process wavelength and intensity scaling laws for the mass ablation rate and ablation pressure have been obtained. These results show the inadequacy of the present analytical theories of the laser-driven ablation process.
Combinatorial Entropy for Distinguishable Entities in Indistinguishable States
Creators: name: Niven, Robert K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The combinatorial basis of entropy by Boltzmann can be written $H= {N}^{-1} \ln \mathbb{W}$, where $H$ is the dimensionless entropy of a system, per unit entity, $N$ is the number of entities and $\mathbb{W}$ is the number of ways in which a given realization of the system can occur, known as its statistical weight. Maximizing the entropy (``MaxEnt'') of a system, subject to its constraints, is then equivalent to choosing its most probable (``MaxProb'') realization. For a system of distinguishable entities and states, $\mathbb{W}$ is given by the multinomial weight, and $H$ asymptotically approaches the Shannon entropy. In general, however, $\mathbb{W}$ need not be multinomial, leading to different entropy measures. This work examines the allocation of distinguishable entities to non-degenerate or equally degenerate, indistinguishable states. The non-degenerate form converges to the Shannon entropy in some circumstances, whilst the degenerate case gives a new entropy measure, a function of a multinomial coefficient, coding parameters, and Stirling numbers of the second kind.
description: Manuscript for CTNEXT07, Catania, draft
High precision microlensing maps of the Galactic bulge
Creators: name: Kerins, E.
name: Robin, A. C.
name: Marshall, D. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present detailed maps of the microlensing optical depth and event density over an area of 195 sq. deg towards the Galactic bulge. The maps are computed from synthetic stellar catalogues generated from the Besancon Galaxy Model, which comprises four stellar populations and a three-dimensional extinction map calibrated against the Two-Micron All-Sky Survey. The optical depth maps have a resolution of 15 arcminutes, corresponding to the angular resolution of the extinction map. We compute optical depth and event density maps for all resolved sources above I=19, for unresolved (difference image) sources magnified above this limit, and for bright standard candle sources in the bulge. We show that the resulting optical depth contours are dominated by extinction effects, exhibiting fine structure in stark contrast to previous theoretical optical depth maps. Optical depth comparisons between Galactic models and optical microlensing survey measurements cannot safely ignore extinction or assume it to be smooth. We show how the event distribution for hypothetical J and K-band microlensing surveys, using existing ground-based facilities such as VISTA, UKIRT or CFHT, would be much less affected by extinction, especially in the K band. The near infrared provides a substantial sensitivity increase over current I-band surveys and a more faithful tracer of the underlying stellar distribution, something which upcoming variability surveys such as VVV will be able to exploit. Synthetic population models offer a promising way forward to fully exploit large microlensing datasets for Galactic structure studies.
description: 8 pages, submitted to MNRAS
Volume Weighted Measures of Eternal Inflation in the Bousso-Polchinski Landscape
Creators: name: Clifton, Timothy
name: Shenker, Stephen
name: Sivanandam, Navin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the cosmological dynamics associated with volume weighted measures of eternal inflation, in the Bousso-Polchinski model of the string theory landscape. We find that this measure predicts that observers are most likely to find themselves in low energy vacua with one flux considerably larger than the rest. Furthermore, it allows for a satisfactory anthropic explanation of the cosmological constant problem by producing a smooth, and approximately constant, distribution of potentially observable values of Lambda. The low energy vacua selected by this measure are often short lived. If we require anthropically acceptable vacua to have a minimum life-time of 10 billion years, then for reasonable parameters a typical observer should expect their vacuum to have a life-time of approximately 12 billion years. This prediction is model dependent, but may point toward a solution to the coincidence problem of cosmology.
description: 35 pages, 8 figures
THE ROLE OF NATIONAL VALUES IN SHAPING THE SPIRITUAL AND MORAL EDUCATION OF STUDENT YOUTH
Creators: name: Asatov, S.S.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: The article addresses the issue of the spiritual and moral upbringing of youth, along with emphasizing the role and significance of national values in shaping the spiritual and moral education of student youth. The definitions provided are based on scientific foundations, exploring the place and importance of "The Role of National Values in Shaping the Spiritual and Moral Education of Student Youth" in the field of education. The article presents information about the perpetual importance of education for any period and society, highlighting recommendations based on national values in the spiritual and moral upbringing of youth.
The interplay of motor adaptation and groupitizing in numerosity perception: Insights from visual motion adaptation and proprioceptive motor adaptation
Creators: name: Yang, Huanyu
name: Jia, Liangzhi
name: Jun, Zhu
name: Zhang, Jian
name: Li, Mengmeng
name: Li, Chenli
name: Pan, Yun
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Groupitizing is a well-established strategy in numerosity perception that enhances speed and sensory precision. Building on the ATOM theory, Anobile proposed the sensorimotor numerosity system, which posits a strong link between number and action. Previous studies using motor adaptation technology have shown that high-frequency motor adaptation leads to underestimation of numerosity perception, while low-frequency adaptation leads to overestimation. However, the impact of motor adaptation on groupitizing, and whether visual motion adaptation produces similar effects, remain unclear. In this study, we investigate the persistence of the advantage of groupitizing after motor adaptation and explore the effects of visual motion adaptation. Surprisingly, our findings reveal that proprioceptive motor adaptation weakens the advantage of groupitizing, indicating a robust effect of motor adaptation even when groupitizing is employed. Moreover, we observe a bidirectional relationship, as groupitizing also weakens the adaptation effect. These results highlight the complex interplay between motor adaptation and groupitizing in numerosity perception. Furthermore, our study provides evidence that visual motion adaptation also has an adaptation effect, but does not fully replicate the effects of proprioceptive motor adaptation on groupitizing. In conclusion, our research underscores the importance of groupitizing as a valuable strategy in numerosity perception, and sheds light on the influence of motion adaptation on this strategy.
Non-Markovian disentanglement dynamics of two-qubit system
Creators: name: Cao, Xiufeng
name: Zheng, Hang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigated the disentanglement dynamics of two-qubit system in Non-Markovian approach. We showed that only the couple strength with the environment near to or less than fine-structure constant 1/137, entanglement appear exponential decay for a certain class of two-qubit entangled state. While the coupling between qubit and the environment is much larger, system always appears the sudden-death of entanglement even in the vacuum environment.
description: 17 pages, 3 figures
Energy-momentum Prescriptions in General Spherically Symmetric Space-times
Creators: name: Mirshekari, Saeed
name: Abbassi, Amir M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Einstein, Landau-Lifshitz, Papapetrou, Weinberg, and Møller energy-momentum prescriptions in general spherically symmetric space-times are investigated. It is shown that for two special but not unusual classes of general spherically symmetric space-times several energy-momentum prescriptions in Schwarzschild Cartesian coordinates lead to some coincidences in energy distribution. It is also obtained that for a special class of spherically symmetric metrics Møller and Einstein energy-momentum prescriptions give the same result for energy distribution if and only if it has a specific dependence on radial coordinate.
description: LaTeX, 7 pages: added references
Quantum particle on a surface: Catenary surface and Paraboloid of revolution
Creators: name: Mazharimousavi, S. Habib
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We revisit the Schrödinger equation of a quantum particle that is confined on a curved surface. Inspired by the novel work of R. C. T. da Costa [1] we find the field equation in a more convenient notation. The contribution of the principal curvatures in the effective binding potential on the surface is emphasized. Furthermore, using the so-called Monge-Gauge we construct the approximate Schrödinger equation for a flat surface with small fluctuations. Finally, the resulting Schrödinger equation is solved for some specific surfaces. In particular, we give exact solutions for a particle confined on a Catenary surface and a paraboloid of revolution.
description: 15 pages 17 figures
Source Matching in the SDSS and RASS: Which Galaxies are Really X-ray Sources?
Creators: name: Parejko, John K.
name: Constantin, Anca
name: Vogeley, Michael S.
name: Hoyle, Fiona
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The current view of galaxy formation holds that all massive galaxies harbor a massive black hole at their center, but that these black holes are not always in an actively accreting phase. X-ray emission is often used to identify accreting sources, but for galaxies that are not harboring quasars (low-luminosity active galaxies), the X-ray flux may be weak, or obscured by dust. To aid in the understanding of weakly accreting black holes in the local universe, a large sample of galaxies with X-ray detections is needed. We cross-match the ROSAT All Sky Survey (RASS) with galaxies from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey Data Release 4 (SDSS DR4) to create such a sample. Because of the high SDSS source density and large RASS positional errors, the cross-matched catalog is highly contaminated by random associations. We investigate the overlap of these surveys and provide a statistical test of the validity of RASS-SDSS galaxy cross-matches. SDSS quasars provide a test of our cross-match validation scheme, as they have a very high fraction of true RASS matches. We find that the number of true matches between the SDSS main galaxy sample and the RASS is highly dependent on the optical spectral classification of the galaxy; essentially no star-forming galaxies are detected, while more than 0.6% of narrow-line Seyferts are detected in the RASS. Also, galaxies with ambiguous optical classification have a surprisingly high RASS detection fraction. This allows us to further constrain the SEDs of low-luminosity active galaxies. Our technique is quite general, and can be applied to any cross-matching between surveys with well-understood positional errors.
description: 10 pages, 10 figures, submitted to The Astronomical Journal on 19 June 2007
Development and clinical evaluation of a frequency compressor for the hearing impaired
Creators: name: Van Schyndel, André John
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: The residual low-frequency sensitivity demonstrated by many severely hearing impaired persons has led to the development of various methods of presenting speech information in a lower bandwidth. Only limited success has thus far been reported. In this thesis a new frequency compression algorithm was developed and realized as a real time, portable, electronic device to be worn as a hearing aid. A clinical study incorporating optimal amplification and relatively long training times with the device indicates that although speech comprehension drops initially, it can rise well beyond that which is demonstrated with conventional hearing aids. A learning curve is presented and its features are justified by the clinical results. A full analysis of the frequency compression algorithm is presented as well as results from various speech comprehension tests administered in the clinical study. One subject is already a full time user of the device, and more may follow.
Introducing the Jisc Open Research Hub
Creators: name: Burland, Tamsin
name: Kaye, John
name: Fripp, Dom
name: Davey, Tom
name: Stokes, Paul
name: Ingram, Caroline
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: research data
open access
OA
UX
repository
reporting
preservation
UK
shared service
multi-tenanted
multi-content

description: The poster introduces Jisc’s Open Research Hub. This is a cloud-based service providing a community governed, national solution for universities and other research institutions to manage, store, preserve and share their published research data.

Research institutions now operate in an environment which requires them to address research data management and the wider ‘open research’ agenda.  Institutions must respond to mandates from publishers and research funders, as well as ensure of the security of their sensitive data and the prestige of both the institution and their researchers. Given these issues, it’s important that universities can effectively oversee and manage their digital research outputs.

Our service was developed following a consultation with the UK research sector which showed a clear demand for a national shared service. The potential economies of scale of a national service, as well a perceived lack of expertise in some smaller institutions to tackle this issue, were both important factors.

Requirements were gathered from over 70 UK universities and other sector bodies. As well as economies of scale, potential users were looking for a multi-content type solution, with enhanced user experience, digital preservation, ease of reporting and community oversight. They were also keen for any service to interoperate easily with other institutional systems and scholarly communications platforms.

In response to these requirements, we have built a modular and interoperable service, offering a repository, preservation systems, reporting and long-term storage. The repository is multi-tenanted, offering significant cost savings, and allows the deposit of any content type.  Based on existing open standards, the service’s open data model incorporates best practice from across the sector, including DataCite, CrossRef, CERIF, Dublin Core and PREMIS.  This means the Hub can handle more than just research data, opening up many possibilities for use in supporting the open research agenda.
Separating the scales of confinement and chiral-symmetry breaking in lattice QCD with fundamental quarks
Creators: name: Sinclair, D. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Suggested holographic duals of QCD, based on AdS/CFT duality, predict that one should be able to vary the scales of colour confinement and chiral-symmetry breaking independently. Furthermore they suggest that such independent variation of scales can be achieved by the inclusion of extra 4-fermion interactions in QCD. We simulate lattice QCD with such extra 4-fermion terms at finite temperatures and show that for strong enough 4-fermion couplings the deconfinement transition occurs at a lower temperature than the chiral-symmetry restoration transition. Moreover the separation of these transitions depends on the size of the 4-fermion coupling, confirming the predictions from the proposed holographic dual of QCD.
description: 14 pages Latex/Revtex, with 3 postscript figures. New version adds a reference: text unchanged
Synchronization scenarios in three-layer networks with a hub
Creators: name: Sawicki, Jakub
name: Koulen, Julia M.
name: Schöll, Eckehard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study various relay synchronization scenarios in a three-layer network, where the middle (relay) layer is a single node, i.e. a hub, The two remote layers consist of non-locally coupled rings of FitzHugh-Nagumo oscillators modelling neuronal dynamics. All nodes of the remote layers are connected to the hub. The role of the hub and its importance for the existence of chimera states is investigated in dependence on the inter-layer coupling strength and inter-layer time delay. Tongue-like regions in the parameter plane exhibiting double chimeras, i.e., chimera states in the remote layers whose coherent cores are synchronized with each other, and salt-and-pepper states are found. At very low intra-layer coupling strength, when chimera states do not exist in single layers, these may be induced by the hub. Also the influence of dilution of links between the remote layers and the hub upon the dynamics is investigated. The greatest effect of dilution is observed when links to the coherent domain of the chimeras are removed.
description: 9 pages, 7 figures
Staying Ahead in the MOOC-Era by Teaching Innovative AI Courses
Creators: name: Glauner, Patrick
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: As a result of the rapidly advancing digital transformation of teaching, universities have started to face major competition from Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs). Universities thus have to set themselves apart from MOOCs in order to justify the added value of three to five-year degree programs to prospective students. In this paper, we show how we address this challenge at Deggendorf Institute of Technology in ML and AI. We first share our best practices and present two concrete courses including their unique selling propositions: Computer Vision and Innovation Management for AI. We then demonstrate how these courses contribute to Deggendorf Institute of Technology's ability to differentiate itself from MOOCs (and other universities).
How does flow in a pipe become turbulent?
Creators: name: Eckhardt, Bruno
name: Schneider, Tobias M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The transition to turbulence in pipe flow does not follow the scenario familiar from Rayleigh-Benard or Taylor-Couette flow since the laminar profile is stable against infinitesimal perturbations for all Reynolds numbers. Moreover, even when the flow speed is high enough and the perturbation sufficiently strong such that turbulent flow is established, it can return to the laminar state without any indication of the imminent decay. In this parameter range, the lifetimes of perturbations show a sensitive dependence on initial conditions and an exponential distribution. The turbulence seems to be supported by three-dimensional travelling waves which appear transiently in the flow field. The boundary between laminar and turbulent dynamics is formed by the stable manifold of an invariant chaotic state. We will also discuss the relation between observations in short, periodically continued domains, and the dynamics in fully extended puffs.
description: for the proceedings of statphys 23
Giovanni Guagnelini, Valentina Re Visioni di altre visioni:intertestualità e cinema. Bologna. Archetipolibri. 2007. pp.266. ISBN -978-88-89891-06-3
Creators: name: Di Chiara, Francesco
Publisher: name: Annali Online  Lettere - Ferrara
Year: 2012

description: Annali Online  Lettere - Ferrara, II 1 (2007)
Detecting Axion-Like Particles With Gamma Ray Telescopes
Creators: name: Hooper, Dan
name: Serpico, Pasquale D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose that axion-like particles (ALPs) with a two-photon vertex, consistent with all astrophysical and laboratory bounds, may lead to a detectable signature in the spectra of high-energy gamma ray sources. This occurs as a result of gamma rays being converted into ALPs in the magnetic fields of efficient astrophysical accelerators according to the "Hillas criterion", such as jets of active galactic nuclei or hot spots of radio galaxies. The discovery of such an effect is possible by GLAST in the 1-100 GeV range and by ground based gamma ray telescopes in the TeV range.
description: corrected typos, one plot modified, material rearranged for clarification. Conclusions unchanged. Matches version published in Phys. Rev. Lett
El universo visual de Michelangelo Antonioni: La Aventura (1960)
Creators: name: Melendo Cruz, Ana
Publisher: name: Annali Online  Lettere - Ferrara
Year: 2012

description: L'articolo ripercorre alcuni motivi fondamentali del film L'avventura di  Michelangelo Antonioni (1960), analizzati alla luce di alcune sequenze  esemplari. In particolare, sono messi al centro della discussione il  ruolo dei personaggi e dello spazio nel definire un universo espressivo  ed esistenziale che costituisce la peculiarità principale della  pellicola, nonché della produzione complessiva del regista ferrarese, e  che distanzia entrambi dallo stile cinematografico classico. Il film,  infatti, rompendo con le regole tradizionali del racconto per immagini,  ed introducendo variazioni sugli stilemi, ad esempio, della suspence  oppure la psicologia dei personaggi, va alla ricerca di una più profonda  verità artistica, ricollegandosi così alle espressioni della  contemporanea filosofia esistenzialista.
description: Annali Online  Lettere - Ferrara, I 2 (2006)
L'attore senza volto
Creators: name: Marzullo, Benedetto
Publisher: name: Annali Online  Lettere - Ferrara
Year: 2012

description: The paper highlights how, between the 5th and the 4th centuries B.C. in Greece, the actor became a professional. His role in  the performance gains the upper hand, giving rise to a new conception of  the theatre.
description: Annali Online  Lettere - Ferrara, I 2 (2006)
Cyanocharax alburnus
Creators: name: Malabarba, Luiz R.
name: Weitzman, Stanley H.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2003
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Characiformes
Characidae
Cyanocharax
Cyanocharax alburnus

description: Cyanocharax alburnus (Hensel, 1870)
Figs. 50-51
Tetragonopterus alburnus Hensel, 1870: 85. Type locality: Rio Cadea [rio Cadeia, tributary of rio Cai, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil]. Holotype: ZMB 7477.
Bryconamericus alburnus. ‒ Eigenmann, 1910 (new combination).
Astyanax hasemani Eigenmann in Eigenmann, Henn & Wilson, 1914: 10. Type locality: Porto Alegre [Brazil]. Holotype: FMNH 56659 [ex CM 5476]. - Géry, 1977 (discussion of the generic position). - Malabarba, 1983 (Redescription, discussion of possible relationships and figures). - Malabarba, 1987 (placed as junior synonym of Astyanax alburnus (Hensel); holotype figured).
Astyanax alburnus. ‒ Malabarba, 1987: valid, placed as senior synonym of Astyanax hasemani Eigenmann.
Diagnosis. The presence of a complete series of 36-39 perforated scales in the lateral line differentiate C. alburnus from C. tipiaia, C. lepiclastus, C. alegretensis, and C. macropinna all of which have interrupted lateral lines. The unpigmented adipose fin of C. alburnus distinguishes it from C. itaimbe and C. dicropotamicus.
Description. A description of this species is given in Malabarba (1983) and it is not repeated here.
description: Published as part of Malabarba, Luiz R. & Weitzman, Stanley H., 2003, Description Of A New Genus With Six New Species From Southern Brazil, Uruguay And Argentina, With A Discussion Of A Putative Characid Clade (Teleostei: Characiformes: Characidae), pp. 67-151 in Comun. Mus. Ciênc. Tecnol. PUCRS 16 (1) on page 141, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.10813265
A condition for the existence of zero coefficients in the powers of the determinant polynomial
Creators: name: Itoh, Minoru
name: Shimoyoshi, Jimpei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary 05B15, 05B20, 15A15, Secondary 11A41

description: We discuss the existence of zero coefficients in the powers of the determinant polynomial of order $n$. D. G. Glynn proved that the coefficients of the $m$th power of the determinant polynomial are all nonzero, if $m = p-1$ with a prime $p$. We show that the converse also holds, if $n \geq 3$. The proof is quite elementary.
description: 4 pages; to appear in J. Algebra
Piecewise polynomials on polyhedral complexes
Creators: name: McDonald, T.
name: Schenck, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Commutative Algebra (math.AC)
subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 41A15 (Primary) 13D40, 52C99 (Secondary)

description: For a d-dimensional polyhedral complex P, the dimension of the space of piecewise polynomial functions (splines) on P of smoothness r and degree k is given, for k sufficiently large, by a polynomial f(P,r,k) of degree d. When d=2 and P is simplicial, Alfeld and Schumaker determined a formula for all three coefficients of f. However, in the polyhedral case, no formula is known. Using localization techniques and specialized dual graphs associated to codimension--2 linear spaces, we obtain the first three coefficients of f(P,r,k), giving a complete answer when d=2.
description: 12 pages, 7 figures v2 removed superfluous Prop 3.4
Jacobi's Last Multiplier and Lagrangians for Multidimensional Systems
Creators: name: Nucci, M. C.
name: Leach, P. G. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate that the formalism for the calculation of the Jacobi last multiplier for a one-degree-of-freedom system extends naturally to systems of more than one degree of freedom thereby extending results of Whittaker dating from more than a century ago and Rao ({\it Proc Ben Math Soc} {\bf 2} (1940) 53-59) dating from almost seventy years ago. We illustrate the theory with an application taken from the theory of coupled oscillators. We indicate how many Lagrangians can be obtained for such a system.
description: 11 pages
Terrestrial planet formation in a circumbinary disc around a coplanar binary
Creators: name: Childs, Anna C.
name: Martin, Rebecca G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: With n-body simulations, we model terrestrial circumbinary planet (CBP) formation with an initial surface density profile motivated by hydrodynamic circumbinary gas disc simulations. The binary plays an important role in shaping the initial distribution of bodies. After the gas disc has dissipated, the torque from the binary speeds up the planet formation process by promoting body-body interactions but also drives the ejection of planet building material from the system at an early time. Fewer but more massive planets form around a close binary compared to a single star system. A sufficiently wide or eccentric binary can prohibit terrestrial planet formation. Eccentric binaries and exterior giant planets exacerbate these effects as they both reduce the radial range of the stable orbits. However, with a large enough stable region, the planets that do form are more massive, more eccentric and more inclined. The giant planets remain on stable orbits in all our simulations suggesting that giant planets are long-lived in planetary systems once they are formed.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS, 12 pages, 5 figures
Optimal purifications and fidelity for displaced thermal states
Creators: name: Marian, Paulina
name: Marian, Tudor A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We evaluate the Uhlmann fidelity between two one-mode displaced thermal states as the maximal probability transition between appropriate purifications of the given states. The optimal purifications defining the fidelity are proved to be two-mode displaced Gaussian states.
description: published version
Bayesian inference of strange star equation of state using the GW170817 and GW190425 data
Creators: name: Miao, Zhiqiang
name: Jiang, Jin-Liang
name: Li, Ang
name: Chen, Lie-Wen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The observations of compact star inspirals from LIGO/Virgo provide a valuable tool to study the highly uncertain equation of state (EOS) of dense matter at the densities in which the compact stars reside. It is not clear whether the merging stars are neutron stars or quark stars containing self-bound quark matter. In this work, we explore the allowed bag-model-like EOSs by assuming the merging stars are strange quark stars (SQSs) from a Bayesian analysis employing the tidal deformability observational data of the GW170817 and GW190425 binary mergers. We consider two extreme states of strange quark matter, either in nonsuperfluid or color-flavor locked (CFL) and find the results in these two cases essentially reconcile. In particular, our results indicate that the sound speed in the SQS matter is approximately a constant close to the conformal limit of $c/\sqrt{3}$. The universal relations between the mass, the tidal deformability and the compactness are provided for the SQSs. The most probable values of the maximum mass are found to be $M_{\rm TOV}=2.10_{-0.12}^{+0.12}~(2.15_{-0.14}^{+0.16})\,M_{\odot}$ for normal (CFL) SQSs at a $90\%$ confidence level. The corresponding radius and tidal deformability for a $1.4\,M_{\odot}$ star are $R_{\rm 1.4}= 11.50_{-0.55}^{+0.52}~({11.42}_{-0.44}^{+0.52})~\rm km$ and $Λ_{1.4}= {650}_{-190}^{+230}~({630}_{-150}^{+220})$, respectively. We also investigate the possibility of GW190814's secondary component $m_2$ of mass $2.59_{-0.09}^{+0.08}\,M_{\odot}$ being an SQS, and find that it could be a CFL SQS with the pairing gap $Δ$ larger than $244~\rm MeV$ and the effective bag parameter $B_{\rm eff}^{1/4}$ in the range of $170$ to $192$ MeV, at a $90\%$ confidence level.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures, 1 table; accepted for publication in ApJL.The analyses of quark star equation of state using the NICER data are reported in arXiv:2009.12571 (to appear in MNRAS)
THE SOCIAL - PHILOSOPHICAL NECESSITY OF FORMING HARMONY AND CONSISTENCY IN THE DIALECTICS OF SOCIETY
Creators: name: Alijonov, Bakhtiyor
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: In the present article, the phenomenon of cultural interaction in literature in the context of societal development is being actively discussed. According to this interaction, each nation, preserving its independent, unique, and culturally rich style, has strengthened the process of social development as its own model, using the experiences of other nations judiciously. This has been highlighted as the consolidation of social progress in the form of a distinctive model through the creative utilization of the experiences of other nations, while maintaining its own stable, noble, and culturally oriented way.
Hadronic Interactions from Lattice QCD
Creators: name: Beane, Silas R.
name: Orginos, Kostas
name: Savage, Martin J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an overview of recent efforts to calculate the interactions among hadrons using lattice QCD. After outlining the techniques that are used to extract scattering parameters, we detail the latest calculations of meson-meson scattering, baryon-baryon scattering and multi-meson systems obtained with domain-wall valence quarks on the staggered MILC lattices by the NPLQCD collaboration. Estimates of the computational resources required to achieve precision results in the baryon sector are presented.
description: 60 pages. Review prepared for the International Journal of Modern Physics C
Unconstrained Face Recognition using ASURF and Cloud-Forest Classifier optimized with VLAD
Creators: name: Vinay, A
name: Joshi, Aviral
name: Surana, Hardik Mahipal
name: Garg, Harsh
name: BalasubramanyaMurthy, K N
name: Natarajan, S
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The paper posits a computationally-efficient algorithm for multi-class facial image classification in which images are constrained with translation, rotation, scale, color, illumination and affine distortion. The proposed method is divided into five main building blocks including Haar-Cascade for face detection, Bilateral Filter for image preprocessing to remove unwanted noise, Affine Speeded-Up Robust Features (ASURF) for keypoint detection and description, Vector of Locally Aggregated Descriptors (VLAD) for feature quantization and Cloud Forest for image classification. The proposed method aims at improving the accuracy and the time taken for face recognition systems. The usage of the Cloud Forest algorithm as a classifier on three benchmark datasets, namely the FACES95, FACES96 and ORL facial datasets, showed promising results. The proposed methodology using Cloud Forest algorithm successfully improves the recognition model by 2-12\% when differentiated against other ensemble techniques like the Random Forest classifier depending upon the dataset used.
description: 8 Pages, 3 Figures
Probing the Hofstadter butterfly with the quantum oscillation of magnetization
Creators: name: Xu, W. H.
name: Yang, L. P.
name: Qin, M. P.
name: Xiang, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have developed a different quantum transfer matrix method to accurately determine thermodynamic properties of the Hofstadter model. This method resolves a technical problem which is intractable by other methods and makes the calculation of physical quantities of the Hofstadter model in the thermodynamic limit at finite temperatures feasible. It is shown that the quantum correction to the de Haas-van Alphen (dHvA) oscillation of magnetization bears the energy structure of Hofstadter butterfly. The measurement of this quantum correction, which can be materialized on the superlattice or cold atom systems, can reveal unambiguously the Hofstadter fractal energy spectrum.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures
Aharonov-Bohm-like effect for light propagating in nematics with disclinations
Creators: name: Carvalho, A. M. de M.
name: Satiro, C.
name: Moraes, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using a geometric approach for the propagation of light in anisotropic media, we investigate what effect the director field of disclinations may have on the polarization state of light. Parallel transport around the defect, of the spinor describing the polarization, indicates the acquisition of a topological phase, in analogy with the Aharonov-Bohm effect.
description: 6 pages, to appear in Europhysics Letters
Managing Requirements Change the Informal Way: When Saying 'No' is Not an Option
Creators: name: Hussain, Waqar
name: Zowghi, Didar
name: Clear, Tony
name: MacDonell, Stephen
name: Blincoe, Kelly
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Software has always been considered as malleable. Changes to software requirements are inevitable during the development process. Despite many software engineering advances over several decades, requirements changes are a source of project risk, particularly when businesses and technologies are evolving rapidly. Although effectively managing requirements changes is a critical aspect of software engineering, conceptions of requirements change in the literature and approaches to their management in practice still seem rudimentary. The overall goal of this study is to better understand the process of requirements change management. We present findings from an exploratory case study of requirements change management in a globally distributed setting. In this context we noted a contrast with the traditional models of requirements change. In theory, change control policies and formal processes are considered as a natural strategy to deal with requirements changes. Yet we observed that "informal requirements changes" (InfRc) were pervasive and unavoidable. Our results reveal an equally 'natural' informal change management process that is required to handle InfRc in parallel. We present a novel model of requirements change which, we argue, better represents the phenomenon and more realistically incorporates both the informal and formal types of change.
description: Conference paper, 10 pages, 4 figures, 1 table
STUDY OF THE FUNCTIONAL STATE OF SPINAL CORD PATHWAYS IN POSTHERPETIC TRIGEMINAL NEURALGIA
Creators: name: Mukhamadieva, Ferangiz
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: The functional state of the spinal cord pathways, including the efferent pathways (EPSM) — pyramidal tract, and afferent pathways (APSM) was studied in patients with postherpetic trigeminal neuralgia (PNTN). The study involved 7 women and 6 men with herpes zoster syndrome, which developed after ophthalmic herpes zoster. All patients had predominant clinical manifestations in the innervation zone of the I branch of the trigeminal nerve, accompanied by acute neuropathic pain. The examination was performed 4-7 weeks after the disappearance of the rash. Pain in the area of the I branch of the trigeminal nerve persisted in all patients with a unilateral character (14 on the right, 9 on the left).
Superadiabaticity in Jupiter and giant planet interiors
Creators: name: Debras, F.
name: Chabrier, G.
name: Stevenson, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Interior models of giant planets traditionally assume that at a given radius (i.e. pressure) the density should be larger than or equal to the one corresponding to a homogeneous, adiabatic stratification throughout the planet (referred to as the 'outer adiabat'). The observations of Jupiter's gravity field by Juno combined with the constraints on its atmospheric composition appear to be incompatible with such a profile. In this letter, we show that the above assumption stems from an incorrect understanding of the Schwarzschild-Ledoux criterion, which is only valid on a local scale. In order to fulfil the buoyancy stability condition, the density gradient with pressure in a non-adiabatic region must indeed rise more steeply than the {\it local} adiabatic density gradient. However, the density gradient can be smaller than the one corresponding to the outer adiabat at the same pressure because of the higher temperature in an inhomogeneously stratified medium. Deep enough, the density can therefore be lower than the one corresponding to the outer adiabat. We show that this is permitted only if the slope of the local adiabat becomes shallower than the slope of the outer adiabat at the same pressure, as found in recent Jupiter models due to the increase of both specific entropy and adiabatic index with depth. We examine the dynamical stability of this structure and show that it is stable against non-adiabatic perturbations. The possibility of such unconventional density profile in Jupiter complicates further our understanding of the internal structure and evolution of (extrasolar) giant planets.
description: Accepted in ApJL
Ergodic actions of compact quantum groups from solutions of the conjugate equations
Creators: name: Pinzari, Claudia
name: Roberts, John E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We use a tensor C*-category with conjugates and two quasitensor functors into the category of Hilbert spaces to define a *-algebra depending functorially on this data. If one of them is tensorial, we can complete in the maximal C*-norm. A particular case of this construction allows us to begin with solutions of the conjugate equations and associate ergodic actions of quantum groups on the C*-algebra in question. The quantum groups involved are A_u(Q) and B_u(Q).
description: 32 pages
Computational studies of laser-matter interactions
Creators: name: Silva, Luiz Da
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Using a one-dimensional hydrodynamic computer code, the ablation process in laser-matter interactions was investigated. In particular, wavelength and intensity scaling laws for the mass ablation rate and ablation pressure have been calculated. These results were compared with previous experimental results obtained from ion calorimeter and Faraday cup measurements. The calculated and measured intensity scalings were found to be in good agreement. The stronger wavelength scaling observed in the experimental results is explained by considering the effects of X-ray radiation from the hot plasma. Moreover, the numerical results suggest that lateral energy transport can lead to an ablation area significantly larger than the laser focal spot. By modelling the ion recombination process in an expanding plasma an estimate of the error introduced in ion measurements by assuming a constant ionization state was calculated. An independent check on the ablation pressure scaling laws was conducted by measuring the shock velocity through planar aluminum targets. This yielded scaling laws in good agreement with the simulation results.
Gedenkstättenarbeit und Erinnerungskultur. Ein deutsch-polnischer Austausch / Kultura pamięci i praca w muzeach-miejscach upamiętnienia. Polsko-niemiecka wymiana. Hrsg. von Paul Ciupke, Guido Hitze, Alfons Kenkmann, Astrid Wolters, Wieslaw Wysok
Creators: name: Coburger, Antje
Publisher: name: Zeitschrift für Ostmitteleuropa-Forschung
Year: 2020

description: Zeitschrift für Ostmitteleuropa-Forschung, Bd. 69 Nr. 4 (2020)
Tomasz G. Pszczółkowski: Deutschland – Polen: Eine kulturkomparatistische Untersuchung.
Creators: name: Schutte, Christoph
Publisher: name: Zeitschrift für Ostmitteleuropa-Forschung
Year: 2020

description: Zeitschrift für Ostmitteleuropa-Forschung, Bd. 69 Nr. 4 (2020)
The UV-brightest Lyman continuum emitting star-forming galaxy
Creators: name: Marques-Chaves, Rui
name: Schaerer, Daniel
name: Alvarez-Marquez, Javier
name: Colina, Luis
name: Dessauges-Zavadsky, Miroslava
name: Perez-Fournon, Ismael
name: Saldana-Lopez, Alberto
name: Verhamme, Anne
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the discovery of J0121+0025, an extremely luminous and young star-forming galaxy (M_UV = -24.11, log[L_Lya / erg s^-1] = 43.8) at z = 3.244 showing copious Lyman continuum (LyC) leakage (f_esc,abs ~ 40%). High signal-to-noise ratio rest-frame UV spectroscopy with the Gran Telescopio Canarias reveals a high significance (7.9 sigma) emission below the Lyman limit (< 912A), with a flux density level f_900A = 0.78 +/- 0.10 uJy, and strong P-Cygni in wind lines of OVI 1033A, NV 1240A and CIV 1550A that are indicative of a young age of the starburst (<10 Myr). The spectrum is rich in stellar photospheric features, for which a significant contribution of an AGN at these wavelengths is ruled out. Low-ionization ISM absorption lines are also detected, but are weak (EW0 ~ 1A) and show large residual intensities, suggesting a clumpy geometry of the gas with a non-unity covering fraction or a highly ionized ISM. The contribution of a foreground and AGN contamination to the LyC signal is unlikely. Deep optical to Spitzer/IRAC 4.5um imaging show that the spectral energy distribution of J0121+0025 is dominated by the emission of the young starburst, with log(M*/Msun) = 9.9 +/- 0.1 and SFR = 981 +/- 232 Msun yr^-1. J0121+0025 is the most powerful LyC emitter known among the star-forming galaxy population. The discovery of such luminous and young starburst leaking LyC radiation suggests that a significant fraction of LyC photons can escape in sources with a wide range of UV luminosities and are not restricted to the faintest ones as previously thought. These findings might shed further light on the role of luminous starbursts to the cosmic reionization.
description: 16 pages, 8 figures, 2 tables. Accepted for publication in MNRAS. v2: reference list updated