cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Development and validation of a sequence of clicker questions for helping students learn addition of angular momentum in quantum mechanics
Creators: name: Justice, Paul
name: Marshman, Emily
name: Singh, Chandralekha
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Physics Education (physics.ed-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Engaging students with well-designed clicker questions is one of the commonly used research-based instructional strategy in physics courses partly because it has a relatively low barrier to implementation [1]. Moreover, validated robust sequences of clicker questions are likely to provide better scaffolding support and guidance to help students build a good knowledge structure of physics than an individual clicker question on a particular topic. Here we discuss the development, validation and in-class implementation of a clicker question sequence (CQS) for helping advanced undergraduate students learn about addition of angular momentum, which takes advantage of the learning goals and inquiry-based guided learning sequences in a previously validated Quantum Interactive Learning Tutorial (QuILT). The in-class evaluation of the CQS using peer instruction is discussed by comparing upper-level undergraduate student performance after engaging with the CQS with previous published data from the QuILT pertaining to these concepts.
description: Physics Education Research Conference Proceedings. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2006.05341
AN EXAMINATION OF FARM PROGRAM PAYMENTS ON FARM ECONOMIC STRUCTURE
Creators: name: Shaik, Saleem
name: Helmers, Glenn A.
name: Shaik, Saleem
name: Helmers, Glenn A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy

description: System of input demand functions is estimated to examine the impact of farm program payments on farm economic structure. Influence of farm program payments on input resource use for the time periods corresponding to the thirteen farm bills in effect since 1938 is also examined. Empirical application to Nebraska agriculture sector for the period 1936-2004 indicate positive impact of farm program payments on farm real estate, breeding livestock and other inputs. Negative influence of farm program payment on the use of farm equipment, farm labor, farm inputs, chemicals and energy was observed during the same period.
Animal Disease Related Pre-event Investment and Post-event Compensation: A Multi-agent Problem
Creators: name: Jin, Yanhong H.
name: McCarl, Bruce A.
name: Jin, Yanhong H.
name: McCarl, Bruce A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: Risk and Uncertainty

description: We employ a game-theoretic principal agent framework to analyze the individual farmer and governmental behavior pre- and post-animal disease outbreak. We examine the gap between the privately optimal and socially optimal levels of ex ante biosecurity investment and then investigate how a well-designed differentiated compensation scheme can close this gap. Our results also show that the privately optimal investment is generally lower than the first best socially optimal level, and a well-designed differentiated compensation scheme conditional on ex ante biosecurity investment can induce private preventive investment at least greater than the second best socially optimal level when the government face constraints, or even increase approaching the first best socially optimal level. Furthermore, our results suggest that compensation schemes be expanded to encompass features that provide incentives for ex ante biosecurity investment and ex post truthful disclosure. Specifically inclusion of the following two mechanisms is warranted: (a) a penalty for farms who are found to have disease incidence but have not disclosed that information.
On the crystal field in the modern solid-state theory
Creators: name: Radwanski, R. J.
name: Ropka, Z.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We point out the high physical correctness of the use and the concept of the crystal-field approach, even if is used to metallic magnetic materials of transition-metal 3d/4f/5f compounds. We discuss the place of the crystal-field theory in modern solid-state physics and we point out the necessity to consider the crystal-field approach with the spin-orbit coupling and strong electron correlations, as a contrast to the single-electron version of the crystal field customarily used for 3d electrons. We have extended the strongly-correlated crystal-field theory to a Quantum Atomistic Solid-State Theory (QUASST) to account for the translational symmetry and inter-site spin-dependent interactions indispensable for formation of magnetically-ordered state. We have correlated macroscopic magnetic and electronic properties with the atomic-scale electronic structure for ErNi5, UPd2Al3, FeBr2, LaCoO3 and LaMnO3. In QUASST we have made unification of 3d and rare-earth compounds in description of the low-energy electronic structures and magnetism of open 3d-/4f-/5f-shell electrons. QUASST offers consistent description of zero-temperature properties and thermodynamic properties of 4f-/5f-/3d-atom containing compounds. Our studies indicate that it is the highest time to unquench the orbital magnetism in 3d oxides.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures embedded
title: Corporate Foresight and Dynamic Capabilities
title: An Exploratory Study
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Semke, Lisa-Marie
name: Tiberius, Victor
Publisher: name: Universität Potsdam
Year: 2020

description: Firms engage in forecasting and foresight activities to predict the future or explore possible future states of the business environment in order to pre-empt and shape it (corporate foresight). Similarly, the dynamic capabilities approach addresses relevant firm capabilities to adapt to fast change in an environment that threatens a firm’s competitiveness and survival. However, despite these conceptual similarities, their relationship remains opaque. To close this gap, we conduct qualitative interviews with foresight experts as an exploratory study. Our results show that foresight and dynamic capabilities aim at an organizational renewal to meet future challenges. Foresight can be regarded as a specific activity that corresponds with the sensing process of dynamic capabilities. The experts disagree about the relationship between foresight and sensing and see no direct links with transformation. However, foresight can better inform post-sensing activities and, therefore, indirectly contribute to the adequate reconfiguration of the resource base, an increased innovativeness, and firm performance.
description: Postprints der Universität Potsdam : Wirtschafts- und Sozialwissenschaftliche Reihe, 128
Direct Marketing of Fresh Produce: Understanding Consumer Interest in Product and Process-Based Attributes
Creators: name: Thilmany, Dawn D.
name: Bond, Jennifer Keeling
name: Bond, Craig A.
name: Thilmany, Dawn D.
name: Bond, Jennifer Keeling
name: Bond, Craig A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: Consumer/Household Economics

description: This study employs factor and cluster analysis techniques to explore a national-level dataset of fresh produce consumers. Specifically, we characterize the major sources of variation in the dataset using four internally-derived factors, and then use these factors to split the data into five consumer segments using cluster analysis. We then examine the major differences in preferences and willingness to pay across these groups with respect to various produce attributes, production processes, and production locality. We explore the traditional concerns such as taste, purity, and freshness, but also account for civic agricultural issues such as local production and production systems which tend to be associated with higher levels of environmental quality (e.g., organic production), as well as the impact on consumer preferences from information about nutrition and the source of purchase of fresh produce.
Implementing Options Markets in California To Manage Water Supply Uncertainty
Creators: name: Hansen, Kristiana
name: Howitt, Richard E.
name: Williams, Jeffrey C.
name: Hansen, Kristiana
name: Howitt, Richard E.
name: Williams, Jeffrey C.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: Risk and Uncertainty

description: In California, the tremendous spatial and temporal variation in precipitation suggests that flexible contractual arrangements, such as option contracts, would increase allocative efficiency of water over time and space. Under such arrangements, a water agency pays an option premium for the right to purchase water at some point in the future, if water conditions turn out to be dry. The premium represents the value of the flexibility gained by the buyer from postponing its decision whether to purchase water. In California, the seller of existing option arrangements is often an agricultural producer who can fallow land, in the event that a water option is exercised. In this simulation-optimization approach, we seek to determine the value of transferring water uncertainty from one party to another at several locations in California, given current water prices and the spatial and temporal distribution of water year types in the state. (Preliminary analysis covers northern California; future analysis will incorporate southern California.) We analyze within a mathematical programming framework whether increased trading among water agencies across time as well as space would result in significant gains from trade. We use output from CALVIN, an economic-engineering optimization model of the California water system which runs the current configuration of the California water system over historical hydrological conditions, to generate water's imputed price at different locations during different seasons. We also explore reasons why previous theoretical calculations of option value in the western United States have far exceeded option premia on existing bilateral contracts.
[Brev til DKNVS]
Creators: name: Kirkedepartementet
name: Det Kongelige Norske Videnskabers Selskab (DKNVS)
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1850

description: Meddeler at det av Kgl. res. av 10/12 1850 fremgår bl.a. at Ivar Aasen skal få 100 Spd for å fortsette å forske i det norske folkespråk
On the usefulness of the directional distance function in analyzing environmental policy on manure management
Creators: name: Piot-Lepetit, Isabelle
name: Piot-Lepetit, Isabelle
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: Environmental Economics and Policy

description: The purpose of this paper is to model the manure management policy implemented in the European Union, and more specifically the limit imposed on the spreading of organic nitrogen. A theoretical model is defined in such a way that a number of specificities concerning livestock production can be introduced.The theoretical framework is used to investigate how the land can be shared out optimally between the non-productive purpose of spreading manure in a manner compliant with the environmental regulation and the productive function of providing crops.Then,we define an empirical model derived from the previous theoretical model, using the directional distance function.It provides a framework for deriving shadow prices of pollutant, of productive and non productive use of land and of the constraint on organic manure involved by the European environmental regulation.
Observatório do Legislativo 2019: A atividade legislativa do Congresso Nacional com foco nas Medidas Provisórias Editadas pelo Poder Executivo sob a perspectiva da liberdade econômica
Creators: name: Fronzaglia, Maurício Loboda
name: Scarano, Paulo Rogério
name: Araújo, Clayton Vinicius Pegoraro de
name: Batalha, Elton Duarte
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: medidas provisórias, Congresso Nacional brasileiro, legislativo, liberdade econômica

description: O trabalho analisa as medidas provisórias aprovadas pelo Congresso Nacional brasileiro, a luz da perspectiva da liberdade econômica, no ano de 2019. Parte-se da premissa de que a medida provisória é um instrumento jurídico utilizado pelo poder executivo com o intuíto de exercer poder de agenda em relação ao poder legislativo. A avaliação de cada medida provisória aprovada utilizou como referência os critérios da metodologia de construção do Economic Freedom of the World Index do Fraser Institute1. O trabalho concentra-se em 2019 porque foi o primeiro ano do governo de Jair Bolsonaro, que se elegeu com uma plataforma de livre mercado. Normalmente, um mandatário aproveita esse momento para dar o tom de sua agenda, em função da força das urnas e do menor nível de desgaste de seu capital político. Ademais, a pandemia iniciada no primeiro trimestre de 2020 acabou afetando a normalidade do processo legislativo no Brasil. Vale ressaltar que o trabalho contribui para revelar em que medida a liberdade econômica esteve presente na pauta legislativa aprovada no período. 1. Fraser Institute (2021) Economic Freedom of the World. Available at: https://www.fraserinstitute.org/studies/economic-freedom.
On the Strength of the Carbon Nanotube-Based Space Elevator Cable: From Nano- to Mega-Mechanics
Creators: name: Pugno, Nicola M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper different deterministic and statistical models, based on new quantized theories proposed by the author, are presented to estimate the strength of a real, thus defective, space elevator cable. The cable, of ~100 megameters in length, is composed by carbon nanotubes, ~100 nanometers long: thus, its design involves from the nano- to the mega-mechanics. The predicted strengths are extensively compared with the experiments and the atomistic simulations on carbon nanotubes available in the literature. All these approaches unequivocally suggest that the megacable strength will be reduced by a factor at least of ~70% with respect to the theoretical nanotube strength, today (erroneously) assumed in the cable design. The reason is the unavoidable presence of defects in a so huge cable. Preliminary in silicon tensile experiments confirm the same finding. The deduced strength reduction is sufficient to pose in doubt the effective realization of the space elevator, that if built as today designed will surely break (according to the s opinion). The mechanics of the cable is also revised and possibly damage sources discussed.
Dynamic linear models for motion pictures box-office forecasting
Creators: name: Desmeules, Rémi Jean
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: We use a Bayesian dynamic forecasting model to predict the weekly gross box-office of motion pictures, particularly trying to replicate the "Top 10" charts for results at the box-office. We use multiple regression to estimate means of the prior distributions of the parameters of the exponential decay models used to model the revenue stream. We then use Dynamic Linear Models (DLM) to dynamically update the forecast as data is gained on the stream of revenue of the different movies. We compare the results of the DLM with those of an exponential smoothing model with trend, and the results from a "complete recalibration" method. We also use the "attraction model" to fine tune our Top 10 predictions and account for seasonality and competition. The use of our model need not be restricted to movie box-office forecasting. Indeed, the model can be applied to many instances in the new product introduction framework, and could also be used for inventory control. We formulated the model so that it could be used as a component in an optimisation model, within the framework of MARKOV Decision Processes.
Synthesis and bonding analysis of pentagonal bipyramidal rhenium carboxamide oxo complexes
Creators: name: Miller, Alexander J M
name: Bruch, Quinton J
name: McMillion, Noah D
name: Chen, Chun-Hsing
name: Hasanayn, Faraj
Publisher: name: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Year: 2023

description: Seven-coordinate rhenium oxo complexes supported by a tetradentate bipyridine carboxamide/carboxamidate ligand are reported. The neutral dicarboxamide H2Phbpy-da ligand initially coordinates in an L4 (ONNO) fashion to an octahedral rhenium oxo precursor, yielding a seven-coordinate rhenium oxo complex. Subsequent deprotonation generates a new oxo complex featuring the dianionic (L2X2) carboxamidate (NNNN) form of the ligand. Computational studies provide insight into the relative stability of possible linkage isomers upon deprotonation. Structural studies and molecular orbital theory are employed to rationalize the relative isomer stability and provide insight into the rhenium-oxo bond order.
Asset Utilization and Bias in Measures of U.S. Agricultural Productivity
Creators: name: Alston, Julian M.
name: Andersen, Matthew A.
name: Pardey, Philip G.
name: Alston, Julian M.
name: Andersen, Matthew A.
name: Pardey, Philip G.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: Financial Economics

description: A common observation is that measures of productivity growth are pro-cyclical, meaning they are higher (or grow faster) on average during periods of economic expansion than during periods of economic contraction. This study focuses on measurement errors related to capital inputs as an explanation for the existence of pro-cyclical patterns in measures of agricultural productivity. Calculating a time series of capital inputs is difficult and prone to errors. Myriad assumptions are required to construct a typical measure of the capital stock, and further, sometimes related, assumptions must be made about the utilization of the stock to derive a measure of capital service flows. We test the hypothesis that unmeasured changes in the utilization of capital can affect productivity measures. This is accomplished using recently constructed indexes of inputs, outputs, and productivity in U.S. agriculture for 1949-2002. We find that utilization responses by farmers are significant and bias measures of productivity growth in a pro-cyclical pattern. The bias is quantified and the measures of productivity are adjusted for the estimated utilization responses and compared to the original measures.
title: Investigating UbD as a course design framework for educators to evidence pedagogical decision sin higher education
Creators: name: Tame, Hendrika Catharina
Publisher: name: University of Southern Queensland
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 390303
subject: Higher education

description: This research project investigated the Understanding by Design (UbD) framework alignment to educator practices and questioned if the UbD stages and tools could be suitable to capture educator’s key pedagogical design decisions within the higher education context. The study draws upon the School of Business educator interviews, Academic Quality Unit professional staff interviews, and an analysis of the university and governance documentation, within a regional university. A correlation exists between the UbD stages, educator design practice, TEQSA intent, and selected Higher Education Threshold Standards. The educators' course design process identifies elements – learning objectives, assessment, and learning activities – similar to UbD framework processes stages and intent. A lack of clarity exists around the university and governance requirements and expectations for course design. Consequently, educators do not express an obligation or responsibility to quality standards and providing evidence of course design. This research contributes to Australian research, exploring UbD or the application to course design in HE. The findings agree with literature identifying a gap in university course design policy, procedure and guidance and the influence on educators’ course design practices and attitude (Zundans-Fraser et al., 2016). Further investigation is required to adapt the UbD framework and tools to meet needs of the School of Business educators. However, due to the minimal university course design governance documentation, implementing a course design framework and tools at the course level requires further investigation to determine the potential impact on the university educators.
Context Similarity and the Validity of Benefits Transfer: Is the Common Wisdom Correct?
Creators: name: Johnston, Robert J.
name: Johnston, Robert J.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: Consumer/Household Economics

description: Choice experiments are designed to account for variations in environmental resources and site characteristics, as well as potential implications of these variations for willingness to pay. This may render choice experiment results highly suitable for benefits transfer. It is unclear, however, whether the flexibility of choice experiments renders the similarity of study and transfer sites less critical for transfer validity. Drawing from identical choice experiments conducted in different Rhode Island communities, this model assesses the extent to which error in function-based benefits transfer is related to the similarity of communities across a variety of observable dimensions. Results suggest that site similarity, at least across some dimensions, influences the validity of choice experiment benefits transfers. However, the use of some measures of similarity as indicators of transfer error may provide misleading results.
N=4 SYM NMHV Loop Amplitude in Superspace
Creators: name: Huang, Yu-tin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Here we construct N=4 SuperYang-Mills 6 point NMHV loop amplitude (amplitudes with three minus helicities) as a full superspace form, using the $SU(4)_{R}$ anti-commuting spinor variables. Amplitudes with different external particle and cyclic helicity ordering are then just a particular expansion of this fermionic variable. We've verified this by explicit expansion obtaining amplitudes with two gluino calculated before. We give results for all gluino $A(Λ^{-}Λ^{-}Λ^{-}Λ^{+}Λ^{+}Λ^{+})$and all scalar $A(ϕϕϕϕϕϕ)$scattering amplitude. A discussion of using MHV vertex approach to obtain these amplitudes are given, which implies a simplification for general loop amplitudes.
description: 14 pages, 2 figures: new reference and comments added
THE TRANSITION FROM MARKET VALUATION TO INCOME VALUATION: INTERNAL AND EXTERNAL SHIFT ANALYSES FOR SOUTH DAKOTA
Creators: name: Shane, Richard
name: Hansen, Tonya
name: Janssen, Larry
name: Peterson, Donald
name: Shane, Richard
name: Hansen, Tonya
name: Janssen, Larry
name: Peterson, Donald
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: Agribusiness

description: Agricultural land in South Dakota has traditionally been valued for property tax purposes by the market approach. Since this valuation approach relies upon comparable sales data, property values imitate trends in the agricultural land market. Interest in changing the state's market valuation approach to an income valuation approach surfaced in the late 1970's and resurfaced in the late 1990's amidst rising land values, structural changes within agriculture, and employment shifts to other industries. Agricultural land valuation pilot studies gained public attention since South Dakota, in the absence of a state income tax, relies upon sales tax, at the state level, and property tax, at the local level, to provide necessary revenue for public services. The 2002 statewide study addressed whether or not agricultural lands could be valued according to an income capitalization approach without creating any valuation shifts from the present market approach. This paper examines two types of valuation shifts identified during the study: 1) external valuation shifts between agricultural landowners and nonagricultural property owners and 2) internal valuation shifts between crop landowners and range/pasture landowners.
Improving Craniofacial Team Collaboration: A Multicenter Interview Study of Effective Team Meetings
Creators: name: Rutter, Christopher
name: Willging, Jay Paul
name: Drake, Amelia F
name: Hollingsworth, Elexis
name: Shields, Benjamin H
name: Evans, Kelly N
name: Fox, Lynn
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024

description: Objective: In the USA, the American Cleft Palate Association-Craniofacial Association (ACPA-CPF) specifies guidelines to ensure craniofacial teams function in a multidisciplinary fashion to provide care in a sequence that mirrors the patient's needs. Among these guidelines is the expectation that teams hold regular multidisciplinary team meetings to discuss patient care. The purpose of this study was to identify factors that contribute to optimal team functioning during these meetings. The impact of the virtual format on meetings was also evaluated.
Design: One-hour semi-structured interviews of craniofacial team members, queried on current and ideal team meetings, were conducted from December 2020 - January 2021. Interviews were recorded, transcribed, and coded to identify common themes until thematic saturation was achieved.
Setting/Participants: Sixteen team members from three major American craniofacial centers were interviewed virtually.
Results: Three major categories were identified as integral to successful meetings: (1) meeting content, (2) meeting processes, and (3) team dynamics. Within these categories are several factors that participants reported as important to optimize their multidisciplinary meetings: key content for discussions, integration of patient perspective, recognition of collaboration in determining proper sequence of treatments, an attentive discussion leader promoting equitable discussions, managing absences, and team diversity. Participants also identified benefits and pitfalls of hosting meetings in the virtual setting, including lack of engagement and awkward communication.
Conclusion: Diverse groups of disciplines are expected to come together during craniofacial multidisciplinary meetings to formulate intricate care plans for complex patients. In this study, craniofacial team members have identified several key factors to optimize these meetings. The research group used these factors to propose a self-evaluation instrument for meeting quality improvement, provided in printable format. Further studies should evaluate how implementation of these factors affects meetings and ultimately guides patient care.
EVIDENCE AND IMPLICATIONS OF NON-TRADABILITY OF FOOD STAPLES IN TANZANIA 1983-1998
Creators: name: Delgado, Christopher L.
name: Minot, Nicholas
name: Tiongco, Marites M.
name: Delgado, Christopher L.
name: Minot, Nicholas
name: Tiongco, Marites M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy

description: Economic reform programs assume that major goods are tradable, such that depreciation of the real exchange rate raises the value of output compared to factor costs in domestic currency. In Tanzania, major food staples that account for most real income are non-tradables in at least one-quarter of the country. This is demonstrated and implications assessed for the constraints imposed on macroeconomic-led adjustment strategies
Towards a QMC-based density functional including finite-range effects: excitation modes of a $^{39}$K quantum droplet
Creators: name: Cikojević, V.
name: Markić, L. Vranješ
name: Pi, M.
name: Barranco, M.
name: Boronat, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Some discrepancies between experimental results on quantum droplets made of a mixture of $^{39}$K atoms in different hyperfine states and their analysis within extended Gross-Pitaevskii theory (which incorporates beyond mean-field corrections) have been recently solved by introducing finite-range effects into the theory. Here, we study the influence of these effects on the monopole and quadrupole excitation spectrum of extremely dilute quantum droplets using a density functional built from first-principles quantum Monte Carlo calculations, which can be easily introduced in the existing Gross-Pitaevskii numerical solvers. Our results show differences of up to $20\%$ with those obtained within the extended Gross-Pitaevskii theory, likely providing another way to observe finite-range effects in mixed quantum droplets by measuring their lowest excitation frequencies.
Decoding Cybersickness: Biomarkers in virtual Reality roller coaster simulation
Creators: name: Sameri, Javad
name: Coenegracht, Hendrick
name: Van Damme, Sam
name: De Turck, Filip
name: Torres Vega, Maria
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: One of the major obstacles to the widespread adoption of immersive eXtended Reality (XR) is cybersickness, a form of motion sickness. Typically, cybersickness is detected through explicit methods such as self-reported questionnaires, which are not ideal for online and implicit monitoring of users' well-being.  This study tackles the challenge of implicitly detecting and measuring cybersickness in Virtual Reality (VR) environments Through physiological signals.A multimodal approach that integrates physiological signals with self-reported measures is proposed to achieve this. The study utilized a mixed-methods design that combined quantitative and qualitative analyses, using a roller coaster simulation as an experimental paradigm. The research analyzed physiological data collected from a group of 22 participants through Repeated Measures Analysis of Variance (RMANOVA) and machine learning algorithms, including an XGBoost predictive model. The physiological markers studied include Electroencephalograms (EEG), Electrodermal Activity (EDA), Blood Volume Pulse (BVP), and Temperature (TMP) sensors. The study discovered significant correlations between high Simulator Sickness Questionnaire (SSQ) scores and physiological measures such as brain rhythms, engagement, visual fatigue, and drowsiness indices, as well as heart rate fluctuations. The XGBoost model achieved an impressive 86.66 percent accuracy in detecting elevated cybersickness symptoms. Further validation using Explainable AI (XAI) techniques confirmed the elevated levels of drowsiness and reduced engagement in participants experiencing elevated cybersickness. By providing a comprehensive, multimodal approach for quantitative assessment, this study fills a gap in the existing literature and paves the way for the development of adaptive systems that modulate their behavior based on real-time physiological data.
Existence of (Dirac-)harmonic Maps from Degenerating (Spin) Surfaces
Creators: name: Jost, Jürgen
name: Zhu, Jingyong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We study the existence of harmonic maps and Dirac-harmonic maps from degenerating surfaces to non-positive curved manifold via the scheme of Sacks and Uhlenbeck. By choosing a suitable sequence of $α$-(Dirac-)harmonic maps from a sequence of suitable closed surfaces degenerating to a hyperbolic surface, we get the convergence and a cleaner energy identity under the uniformly bounded energy assumption. In this energy identity, there is no energy loss near the punctures. As an application, we obtain an existence result about (Dirac-)harmonic maps from degenerating (spin) surfaces. If the energies of the map parts also stay away from zero, which is a necessary condition, both the limiting harmonic map and Dirac-harmonic map are nontrivial.
Messing with the Master Narrative: The Challenges of Challenging Meritocracy in Undergraduate Education “Diversity” Coursework
Creators: name: Hammond, J. W.
name: Alston, Chandra L.
name: Goldin, Simona
Publisher: name: SAGE Publications
Year: 2024

description: Higher education is working to diversify the undergraduate curriculum to support critical thinking and promote racial justice—pressing work, particularly at predominantly white colleges and universities. To support students’ critical thinking, we need to better understand their awareness of systemic inequities as they enter and exit undergraduate diversity courses. To inform the development of undergraduate curricula, we use iterative comparative analysis of students’ written work to investigate patterns in their thinking regarding issues of systemic inequalities in U.S. public schools before and after an undergraduate diversity course. We examine patterns in student language as they make sense of systemic inequities using course data that centers historic and systemic inequities in U.S schools. We find that students consider these data within their already-held narratives of meritocracy and individuality, resulting in troubled text regarding the role of race and class privilege, and the responsibility/culpability of systems versus individuals in educational attainment.
Making Them Indonesians: Child Transfers out of East Timor
Creators: name: Klinken, Helene Van
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 210302 Asian History
subject: FOS: History and archaeology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 160104 Social and Cultural Anthropology

description: 'One Indonesian soldier was particularly nice to me. He gave me pretty clothes and sweets and used to take me for walks and to his office. Then one Sunday, it was just after my first communion, I was coming out of church with other children when soldiers took me and put me into a vehicle. My uncle tried to stop them. I remember screaming and being very frightened. They took me to the nearby airfield and then in a helicopter. As we took off I threw the handkerchief my uncle had given me out of the helicopter. In Dili I stayed for some time in the soldiers’ barracks in Taibessi where there were East Timorese women, one of whom cared for me. On one occasion I tried to run away and find my way back home. After some time the soldier was finished in Ainaro; he collected me from the barracks and took me back to Indonesia by plane.— Biliki, in Jakarta (2003) recalling her last recollections of her life in East Timor as a seven-year-old child in 1978. Biliki was one of approximately 4,000 dependent East Timorese children who were transferred to Indonesia during the occupation of East Timor by Indonesia between 1975 and 1999. Many, like Biliki, were taken by soldiers to be adopted, others were sent to institutions in Indonesia by government and religious organisations. This book is the first detailed account of the history of the transfer of these children to Indonesia.'
Drop of coherence of the lower kilo-Hz QPO in neutron stars: is there a link with the innermost stable circular orbit?
Creators: name: Barret, Didier
name: Olive, Jean-Francois
name: Miller, M. Coleman
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using all available archival data from the Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer (RXTE), we follow the frequency of the kilo-Hz QPOs in three low luminosity neutron star low mass X-ray binaries; namely 4U 1636-536, 4U 1608-522, and 4U1735-44. Following earlier work, we focus our analysis on the lower kilo-Hz QPO, for which we study the dependency of its quality factor (Q) amplitude as a function of frequency over a range covering from 500 Hz to 1000 Hz. As previously found for 4U 1636-536, we show that the quality factor of the lower kilo-Hz increases with frequency up to a maximum frequency around 800 Hz, beyond which an abrupt drop of its coherence is observed down to a limiting frequency where the QPO disappears completely. Simultaneously the amplitude of the QPOs is almost constant below the peak frequency and starts to decrease smoothly afterwards. The peak frequency is 850 Hz, 820 Hz, 740 Hz whereas the limiting frequency is 920 Hz, 900 Hz and 830 Hz for 4U 1636-536, 4U 1608-522 and 4U 1735-44 respectively. A ceiling of the lower QPO frequencies is also seen clearly in a frequency versus count rate diagram for all sources. This behavior is reproducible within an object and between objects. We suggest here that the drop of coherence of the lower QPO may be a geometry-related effect, which could be related to the last stable circular orbit.
description: 4 pages, 3 color figures. Astronomical Notes, in press
Shaping the envelope of the asymptotic giant branch star W43A with a collimated fast jet
Creators: name: Tafoya, Daniel
name: Imai, Hiroshi
name: Gomez, Jose F.
name: Nakashima, Jun-ichi
name: Orosz, Gabor
name: Yung, Bosco H. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: One of the major puzzles in the study of stellar evolution is the formation process of bipolar and multi-polar planetary nebulae. There is growing consensus that collimated jets create cavities with dense walls in the slowly-expanding (10--20 ~km~s$^{-1}$) envelope ejected in previous evolutionary phases, leading to the observed morphologies. However, the launching of the jet and the way it interacts with the circumstellar material to create such asymmetric morphologies have remained poorly known. Here we present for the first time CO emission from the asymptotic giant branch star W43A that traces the whole stream of a jet, from the vicinity of its driving stellar system out to the regions where it shapes the circumstellar envelope. We found that the jet has a launch velocity of 175~km~s$^{-1}$ and decelerates to a velocity of 130~km~s$^{-1}$ as it interacts with circumstellar material. The continuum emission reveals a bipolar shell with a compact bright dot in the centre that pinpoints the location of the driving source of the jet. The kinematical ages of the jet and the bipolar shell are equal, $τ$$\sim$60~years, indicating that they were created simultaneously, probably by a common underlying mechanism, and in an extremely short time. These results provide key initial conditions for the theoretical models that aim to explain the formation of bipolar morphologies in the circumstellar envelopes of low and intermediate mass stars.
description: 11 pages, 6 figures. Published in ApJ Letters
On the constants for multiplication in Sobolev spaces
Creators: name: Morosi, Carlo
name: Pizzocchero, Livio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 46E35, 26D10, 47A60

description: For n > d/2, the Sobolev (Bessel potential) space H^n(R^d, C) is known to be a Banach algebra with its standard norm || ||_n and the pointwise product; so, there is a best constant K_{n d} such that || f g ||_{n} <= K_{n d} || f ||_{n} || g ||_{n} for all f, g in this space. In this paper we derive upper and lower bounds for these constants, for any dimension d and any (possibly noninteger) n > d/2. Our analysis also includes the limit cases n -> (d/2) and n -> + Infinity, for which asymptotic formulas are presented. Both in these limit cases and for intermediate values of n, the lower bounds are fairly close to the upper bounds. Numerical tables are given for d=1,2,3,4, where the lower bounds are always between 75% and 88% of the upper bounds.
description: LaTeX, 45 pages
Calculating The Cost To Farmers of Choosing The Wrong Farmbill Option
Creators: name: Ibendahl, Gregory A.
name: Ibendahl, Gregory A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy

description: The 2002 Farm bill presents farmers with many different combinations of options for signup. Choosing the wrong option can be expensive for a farmer. This paper uses a dataset of actual farms to calculate the potential revenue lost from choosing a non-optimal option.
Joint effects of entanglement and symmetrization: physical properties and exclusion
Creators: name: Sancho, Pedro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Entanglement and symmetrization lead to non-separable states that can modify physical properties. Using the example of atomic absorption we compare both types of effects when they are relevant at once. The presence of multi-particle superpositions largely alters the absorption rates of identical atoms, even inhibiting the dependence on overlapping for fermions. We also identify a set of non-standard excluded states related to multi-fermion superposition that naturally emerge in this context. We propose an arrangement based on the dissociation of molecules to test these ideas.
description: To be published in Annals of Physics
The effects of clear-cut timber harvest on the movement patterns of tailed frogs (Ascaphus truei) in southwestern British Columbia
Creators: name: Matsuda, Brent M.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Pitfall trap grids with drift fences were established in three mature forest stands (>81 years), and three clear-cut sites (<5 years) in the Chilliwack Valley of southwestern British Columbia during June to November 1998 and May 1999, to assess differences in tailed frog (Ascaphus truei) abundance and movement patterns. Frog abundance was similar in both habitat types, although immatures comprised 80% of captures in clear-cuts (CC) with bufferless streams, and 51% in mature stands (M). While significantly more adults and subadults were caught in M than CC, the number of immatures captured did not significantly differ between habitat types. However, captures of immatures and subadults did vary significantly between sites within habitat types. Direction of movement by frogs did not differ between habitat types. Capture distances from streamsides also did not differ significantly between habitats, although there were differences between sites within habitat type for immatures. There were more recaptures in M than CC (15% and 2%, respectively). Recaptures in CC were predominantly frogs that returned to traps immediately upon release; in M sites, more recaptures originated from other locations. There were no significant differences in weight (WT) or snout-to-vent length (SVL) between habitat types, although immature WT and SVL differed significantly between sites within habitat types. Similarly, tadpole WT, SVL and snout-to- tail length did not differ significantly between habitat types, while significant differences existed between sites for these measures. The presence of frogs at sites could be predicted from the occurrence of selected plant species and other habitat attributes. Pooled adult numbers were negatively correlated with clear-cut habitat variables (e.g., thimbleberry, willowherb thistle), and positively correlated with attributes of mature stands (e.g., leaf litter). Numbers of immatures were negatively correlated with attributes of mature stands (e.g., vine maple), and positively correlated with clear-cut habitat variables (e.g., foamflower). These findings suggest that there are age-specific impacts on tailed frogs in bufferless streams in clear-cuts relative to streams in mature forests. Additionally, variation among sites has a greater influence on immatures than habitat type, which may have long-term implications on population maintenance if survivorship to adulthood also significantly varies between sites. Thus blanket management procedures for tailed frogs (e.g., stream buffers proposed for larval habitat enhancement) will not necessarily be effective for all age classes or for all areas with the same macrohabitat (e.g., clear-cuts).
Sub-Saharan Africa: Methods for Examining Institutions and Agricultural Productivity
Creators: name: Yu, Bingxin
name: Fulginiti, Lilyan E.
name: Perrin, Richard K.
name: Yu, Bingxin
name: Fulginiti, Lilyan E.
name: Perrin, Richard K.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: Productivity Analysis

description: This study estimates nonparametric non-stochastic Malmquist indices and a stochastic Fourier production frontier to examine agricultural productivity and its interactions with socio-political institutions in 41 sub-Saharan African countries during 1961-1999. We have learned from this study that on average, agricultural productivity in SSA was negative during the 1960's and 1970's, but has been positive during the last two decades. Institutions offer a significant explanation of at least some of the differential performance across countries.
Molecular Dynamics of pancake vortices with realistic interactions: Observing the vortex lattice melting transition
Creators: name: Goldschmidt, Yadin Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we describe a version of London Langevin molecular dynamics simulations that allows for investigations of the vortex lattice melting transition in the highly anisotropic high-temperature superconductor material Bi$_2$Sr$_2$CaCu$_2$O$_{8+δ}$. We include the full electromagnetic interaction as well as the Josephson interaction among pancake vortices. We also implement periodic boundary conditions in all directions, including the z-axis along which the magnetic field is applied. We show how to implement flux cutting and reconnection as an analog to permutations in the multilevel Monte Carlo scheme and demonstrate that this process leads to flux entanglement that proliferates in the vortex liquid phase. The first-order melting transition of the vortex lattice is observed to be in excellent agreement with previous multilevel Monte Carlo simulations.
description: 4 figures
Prescription du spectre du laplacien de Hodge-de Rham dans une classe conforme
Creators: name: Jammes, Pierre
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Spectral Theory (math.SP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 58J50, 58C40, 53A30

description: For any compact manifold of dimension n>=5, we prescribe the volume and any finite part of the spectrum of the Hodge Laplacian acting on diffential forms of degree 1
description: 18 pages, 4 figures, in french. v3: some errors corrected
Lagrangian tracking of colliding droplets
Creators: name: Kearney, Reece Vincent
name: Bewley, Gregory Paul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce a new Lagrangian particle tracking algorithm that tracks particles in three dimensions to separations between trajectories approaching contact. The algorithm also detects low Weber number binary collisions that result in coalescence as well as droplet break-up. Particles are identified in two-dimensional high-resolution digital images by finding sets of circles to describe the edge of each body. This allows identification of particles that overlap in projection by over 80% even for noisy images and without invoking additional temporal data. The algorithm builds trajectories from three-dimensional particle coordinates by minimizing a penalty function that is a weighted sum of deviations from the expected particle coordinates using information from four moments in time. This new hybrid algorithm is validated against synthetic data and found to perfectly reproduce more trajectories than other commonly used methods. Collisions are detected with 95% accuracy for particles that move on average less than one tenth the distance to their nearest neighbor.
62. Variability across the HR diagram
Creators: name: Perryman, Michael
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description: Variable stars have long been recognised as offering deep insights into stellar structure and evolution. Similarly, the Hertzsprung–Russell diagram provides a quantitative visualisation of all stages of stellar evolution. Together with its empirical analogue, the colour–magnitude diagram, it has enabled many advances in stellar astrophysics.