cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Blue nevus: classical types and new related entities. A differential diagnostic review
Creators: name: Diaz-Cano, Salvador J.
name: F Vazquez-Ramirez
name: H Galera
name: R Gonzalez-Campora
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2012
Subjects: Medicine
Cancer

description: Blue nevus is an uncommon pigmented lesion of dermal melanocytes. By convention,two well defined histologic variants, designated as “common” and “cellular”, have been recognised. In the last few years, these lesions have attracted much attention due to the recognition of news entities and to its confusion with malignant melanoma. In the prestient review, we point out the more striking features of new related entities (combined nevus, deep penetrating nevus, compound blue nevus) and establish the differential diagnosis with conflictive lesions such as atypical blue nevus, locally aggressive blue nevus, congenital giant melanocytic nevus with nodular growth and melanocytic dermal tumor of unpredictable outcome. We also review the concept of malignant blue nevus and the significance of lymph node metastases. The blue nevus is an uncommon pigmented lesion consisting of dermal melanocytesthat can appear in diverse forms: dendritic, spindle-shaped, oval-shaped, or polyhedral. Although it usually occurs in skin, it has been reported in other locations, such as oral mucosa, sclera, uterine cervix, vagina, prostate, spermatic cord, pulmonary hilus, orbit, conjunctiva, maxillary sinus, breast, and lymph nodes3,8,42,49. Generally, it occurs in adults as a single, acquired, intensely pigmented lesion, although familial and multiple nevi have been reported7,39. By convention, there are two well-defined histologic variants, designated as “common” and “cellular”, but lesions often manifest intermediate features. In the last few years, blue nevus has attracted much attention due to the recognitionof new (clinical and histologic) entities and to its confusion with malignant melanoma. Our aim is to review the most striking features of the new related entities and to establish the differential diagnosis with conflictive lesions. We also review the concept of malignant blue nevus and the significance of lymph nodes metastasis.
Performance of a new pyrazole derivative in 1 M HCl on the corrosion of carbon steel: experimental, quantum chemical and molecular dynamics simulation studies
Creators: name: Adlani, L.
name: Benzbiria, N.
name: Titi, A.
name: Timoudan, N.
name: Benhiba, F.
name: Warad, I.
name: Kaichouh, G.
name: Touzani, R.
name: Zarrok, H.
name: Dikici, B.
name: Oudda, H.
name: Zarrouk, A.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
Pharmacology
Biotechnology
Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: The present research demonstrates an innovative investigation of a new pyrazol derivative (2-benzoyl-4-nitro-N-[(1H-pyrazol-1-yl)methyl]aniline (BNPMA)) as an inhibitor of carbon steel corrosion in molar hydrochloric acid. A variety of methods and techniques were used in our research to assess corrosion inhibition, including weight loss measurements (WL), electrochemical trials like potentiodynamic polarization (PDP) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), surface analysis methods such a scanning electron microscope coupled with Energy-Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (SEM/EDX), UV-Visible analysis, as well as computational evaluation of BNPMA. The organic compound was confirmed to be a good anticorrosive product with a maximal inhibition efficiency (IE%) of 93.2% at 10−3 M. According to the PDP results, the inhibitor BNPMA acts as a mixed-type inhibitor. The Langmuir model seems to be followed during BNPMA's adsorption on the CS surface. According to UV-visible and scanning electron microscopy, a barrier coating was formed which prevented corrosive ions from reaching the CS surface. The outcomes of experimental approaches (WL, PDP, and EIS) have been supported by theoretical investigations.
Learning Accurate Template Matching with Differentiable Coarse-to-Fine Correspondence Refinement
Creators: name: Gao, Zhirui
name: Yi, Renjiao
name: Qin, Zheng
name: Ye, Yunfan
name: Zhu, Chenyang
name: Xu, Kai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Template matching is a fundamental task in computer vision and has been studied for decades. It plays an essential role in manufacturing industry for estimating the poses of different parts, facilitating downstream tasks such as robotic grasping. Existing methods fail when the template and source images have different modalities, cluttered backgrounds or weak textures. They also rarely consider geometric transformations via homographies, which commonly exist even for planar industrial parts. To tackle the challenges, we propose an accurate template matching method based on differentiable coarse-to-fine correspondence refinement. We use an edge-aware module to overcome the domain gap between the mask template and the grayscale image, allowing robust matching. An initial warp is estimated using coarse correspondences based on novel structure-aware information provided by transformers. This initial alignment is passed to a refinement network using references and aligned images to obtain sub-pixel level correspondences which are used to give the final geometric transformation. Extensive evaluation shows that our method is significantly better than state-of-the-art methods and baselines, providing good generalization ability and visually plausible results even on unseen real data.
Electronic states bound by repulsive potentials in graphene irradiated by a circularly polarized electromagnetic field
Creators: name: Kibis, O. V.
name: Boev, M. V.
name: Iorsh, I. V.
name: Kovalev, V. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the framework of the Floquet theory of periodically driven quantum systems, it is demonstrated that irradiation of graphene by a circularly polarized electromagnetic field induces an attractive area in the core of repulsive potentials. Consequently, the quasi-stationary electron states bound by the repulsive potentials appear. The difference between such field-induced states in graphene and usual systems with the parabolic dispersion of electrons is discussed and possible manifestations of these states in electronic transport and optical spectra of graphene are considered.
description: Published version
Cellular blue nevus with massive regional lymph node metastases
Creators: name: Diaz-Cano, Salvador J.
name: F Camacho
name: F Vazquez-Ramirez
name: H G Ruz
name: R Gonzalez-Campora
name: J C Moreno
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2012
Subjects: Molecular Biology
Medicine
Cancer

description: Small, well-differentiated groups of nevus cells have been found occasionally in the marginal sinuses and parenchyma of regional lymph nodes that drain sites of cellular blue nevi.
 The histologic, immunohistochemical, and karyometric description of a pigmented cutaneous lesion, with the features of cellular blue nevus and located on the leg of a 14-year-old woman, that was accompanied by synchronic presentation of massive inguinal lymph-node metastases.
 The excised specimens were processed routinely, embedded in paraffin, and sectioned into 4-microm-thick slices. The sections were stained using hematoxylin-eosin and the ABC immunohistochemical method for demonstrating S-100 and HMB-45. Karyometric analysis was performed in a static cytometer using Feulgen-stained sections.
 The cutaneous lesion had the cytologic and architectural features of cellular blue nevus. The lymph nodes showed massive invasion by pigmented cells and contained extensive necrotic foci. After 3.5 years of clinical follow-up, the patient is free from disease.
 The absence of malignant features in the cutaneous lesion and the bland nuclear features of the pigmented cells in the regional lymph node metastases suggest that this case could be interpreted as an unusual form of benign cellular blue nevus with metastases. Nonetheless, other possibilities, such as malignant melanoma mimicking a cellular blue nevus or primary malignant melanoma of the lymph nodes with concomitant cutaneous cellular blue nevus, cannot be definitively excluded. A conservative surgical approach with close follow-up was recommended.
Introduction to apoptosis
Creators: name: Diaz-Cano, Salvador J.
name: R N Salomon
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2012
Subjects: Molecular Biology
Medicine
Cell Biology

description: Kerr and colleagues (II) coined the term" apoptosis" to designate a particular form of cell death distinct from necrosis. The salient features of apoptosis, which Kerr defined in histopathologic terms, were the breakup of individual cells into smaller, often round or ovoid cytoplasmic fragments containing pyknotic nuclear debris, called" apoptotic bodies," which were subsequently phagocytized, usually by adjacent cells. This minireview focuses the attention of main molecular pathways of apototis, as default cellular mechanism to maintain physiologic cell number in tissues.
Exploring the validity of the complete case analysis for regression models with a right-censored covariate
Creators: name: Ashner, Marissa C.
name: Garcia, Tanya P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Despite its drawbacks, the complete case analysis is commonly used in regression models with missing covariates. Understanding when implementing complete cases will lead to consistent parameter estimation is vital before use. Here, our aim is to demonstrate when a complete case analysis is appropriate for a nuanced type of missing covariate, the randomly right-censored covariate. Across the censored covariate literature, different assumptions are made to ensure a complete case analysis produces a consistent estimator, which leads to confusion in practice. We make several contributions to dispel this confusion. First, we summarize the language surrounding the assumptions that lead to a consistent complete case estimator. Then, we show a unidirectional hierarchical relationship between these assumptions, which leads us to one sufficient assumption to consider before using a complete case analysis. Lastly, we conduct a simulation study to illustrate the performance of a complete case analysis with a right-censored covariate under different censoring mechanism assumptions, and we demonstrate its use with a Huntington disease data example.
Venta Icenorum
Creators: name: Feachem, Richard W
Publisher: name: Archaeology Data Service
Year: 2020

description: Norfolk Archaeology, 34 (3), 331-332
description: At least eighteen variants of the English name for VENTA ICENORUM are currently in use - eg Caister-next-Norwich; Caistor St Edmunds; Castor by Norwich, A recent local ruling gives the correct name and spelling of the modern village as CAISTOR ST EDMUND; archaeological usage for the Romano-British settlement should conform, so as to minimise confusion with other RB towns containing a Castor/Caister/Caistor element.
Curso de escritura académica. Tiempo,  espacio y foco
Creators: name: Torres-Salinas, Daniel
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: escritura académica
escritura científica
Productividad
Focalización

description: En este primer texto de una serie de cuatro, abordamos aspectos preliminares que debemos considerar antes de iniciar cualquier proceso de escritura  académica. Concretamente, trataremos tres cuestiones. En primer lugar, discutiremos cuál es el mejor momento del día para escribir y cómo debemos  planificar nuestras sesiones. En segundo lugar, abordaremos la importancia de contar con un espacio propio convenientemente configurado. En tercer lugar, subrayaremos la importancia del concepto de "Deep Work" o trabajo profundo,  recomendando algunas técnicas de concentración o  focalización relacionadas con la configuración de nuestro escritorio virtual, los sonidos y, finalmente, la meditación.
Cheondogyo and the Donghak Revolution : the (un)making of a religion
Creators: name: Bell, Kirsten
Publisher: name: Korean National Commission for UNESCO
Year: 2015

description: This paper explores the reasons why Cheondogyo is lionized in contemporary nationalist discourse, when it has such a small following in South Korea today. I argue that Cheondogyo's continuing presence in nationalist and tourist publications can be readily comprehended in light of its connection with the Donghak Revolution of 1894. In the post-colonial era, Donghak/Cheondogyo was embraced by both the North and South Korean states, each seeking to claim a connection with the movement in order to legitimize their respective political goals. More recently, this legacy has also been claimed by the minjung movement as evidence of an incipient minjung consciousness. These political appropriations have ensured that Cheondogyo maintains a level of legitimacy denied to other new religions of Korea. However, the political acceptance of Donghak/Cheondogyo has come at the expense of its religious legitimacy. Thus, while its connection with the Donghak Revolution may have "made" Cheondogyo into a key historical artifact, it has simultaneously been "unmade" as a religious movement with any real relevance to the present.
Isolation of regular graphs and $k$-chromatic graphs
Creators: name: Borg, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Discrete Mathematics (cs.DM)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 05C35, 05C69, 05C15, 05C38

description: Given a set $\mathcal{F}$ of graphs, we call a copy of a graph in $\mathcal{F}$ an $\mathcal{F}$-graph. The $\mathcal{F}$-isolation number of a graph $G$, denoted by $ι(G,\mathcal{F})$, is the size of a smallest set $D$ of vertices of $G$ such that the closed neighbourhood of $D$ intersects the vertex sets of the $\mathcal{F}$-graphs contained by $G$ (equivalently, $G - N[D]$ contains no $\mathcal{F}$-graph). Thus, $ι(G,\{K_1\})$ is the domination number of $G$. For any integer $k \geq 1$, let $\mathcal{F}_{1,k}$ be the set of regular graphs of degree at least $k-1$, let $\mathcal{F}_{2,k}$ be the set of graphs whose chromatic number is at least $k$, and let $\mathcal{F}_{3,k}$ be the union of $\mathcal{F}_{1,k}$ and $\mathcal{F}_{2,k}$. Thus, $k$-cliques are members of both $\mathcal{F}_{1,k}$ and $\mathcal{F}_{2,k}$. We prove that for each $i \in \{1, 2, 3\}$, $\frac{m+1}{{k \choose 2} + 2}$ is a best possible upper bound on $ι(G, \mathcal{F}_{i,k})$ for connected $m$-edge graphs $G$ that are not $k$-cliques. The bound is attained by infinitely many (non-isomorphic) graphs. The proof of the bound depends on determining the graphs attaining the bound. This appears to be a new feature in the literature on isolation. Among the result's consequences are a sharp bound of Fenech, Kaemawichanurat and the present author on the $k$-clique isolation number and a sharp bound on the cycle isolation number.
description: 12 pages, minor corrections made. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2303.13709
Corporate Governance of State-Owned Enterprises: A Comparative Literature Review of the Telecommunication Industry in Zambia with a Focus on Zamtel and MTN.
Creators: name: Thomas Phiri, MSc*
name: Dr. Mubanga Mpundu
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025
Subjects: Corporate Governance; Stakeholder; State Owned Enterprises; Zamtel; MTN; Agency risk theory; stakeholder theory.

description: Abstract: The article highlights the importance of managing State-Owned Enterprises (SOEs) and their impact on macro- and microeconomic management. It uses the example of the telecommunication industry in Zambia and compares Zamtel, an SOE, to Mobile Telephone Network (MTN) in terms of corporate governance structure and appointment of key positions. The research aims to help policymakers, and the government implement corporate governance that addresses the expectations of shareholders of SOEs as citizens. The literature review shows a lack of information on SOEs in Zambia, including Zamtel, and emphasizes the need for prioritization in academic research and policy development to improve the governance and performance of SOEs for economic development and social welfare in developing countries. However, the Board's independence in Zamtel is challenged by political influence, with the Republican president serving as the Industrial Development Corporation (IDC) Chairperson. To ensure best practices of corporate governance in Zamtel and other SOEs, the legal framework of SOEs needs to be harmonized with the Companies Act on matters such as the need to produce audited annual financial statements.
Fragile altermagnetism and orbital disorder in Mott insulator LaTiO$_3$
Creators: name: Maznichenko, I. V.
name: Ernst, A.
name: Maryenko, D.
name: Dugaev, V. K.
name: Sherman, E. Ya.
name: Buczek, P.
name: Parkin, S. S. P.
name: Ostanin, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Based on ab initio calculations, we demonstrate that a Mott insulator LaTiO$_3$ (LTO), not inspected previously as an altermagnetic material, shows the characteristic features of altermagnets, i.e., (i) fully compensated antiferromagnetism and (ii) $\mathbf{k}$-dependent spin-split electron bands in the absence of spin-orbit coupling. The altermagnetic ground state of LTO is protected by the crystal symmetry and specifically ordered $d$-orbitals of Ti ions with the orbital momentum $l=2.$ The altermagnetism occurs when sites of Ti pair in the unit cell are occupied by single electrons with $m=-1,s_{z}=+1/2$ and $m=+1,s_{z}=-1/2$ per site, with $m$ and $s_{z}-$ being the $z-$ component of the orbital momentum and spin, respectively. By further simulating orbital disorder within the Green's function method, we disclose its damaging character on the spin splitting and the resulting altermagnetism. When the single-electron spin-polarized state at each Ti site is contributed almost equally by two or three $t_{2g}$ orbitals, LTO becomes antiferromagnetic. The effect of the spin-orbit coupling, which can cause orbital disorder and suppress altermagnetism, is discussed.
description: 6 pages, 7 figures
Effects of the interaction between slurry, soil conditioners, and mineral NPK fertilizers on selected nutritional parameters of Festulolium braunii (K. Richt.) A. Camus
Creators: name: Wiśniewska-Kadżajan, B.
name: Jankowski, K.
Publisher: name: Agronomy Research
Year: 2020
Subjects: forage grass
fertilization
nutritional value
article

description: The research was aimed at assessing the biomass yield of Festulolium braunii and its content of raw protein and crude ash after application of slurry, both on its own and together with soil conditioners (UGmax and Humus Active), and mineral fertilizers. The studies were conducted on the basis of a two-year field experiment. The interaction between slurry and soil conditioners and between slurry and mineral fertilizers was studied on the Sulino variety of Festulolium braunii, a hybrid between Lolium multiflorum and Festuca pratensis. Compared with plants treated with liquid manure on its own, slurry applied with soil conditioners and mineral fertilizer did not significantly increase the biomass yield of the grass. However, there was higher protein content in Festulolium braunii, even if statistically insignificant, as a response to slurry supplemented with mineral fertilizer than in plants treated with slurry only. Various forms of treatment did not differentiate crude ash content in plant dry matter in a statistically significant way.
RFR-WWANet: Weighted Window Attention-Based Recovery Feature Resolution Network for Unsupervised Image Registration
Creators: name: Ma, Mingrui
name: Wang, Tao
name: Song, Lei
name: Wang, Weijie
name: Liu, Guixia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The Swin transformer has recently attracted attention in medical image analysis due to its computational efficiency and long-range modeling capability. Owing to these properties, the Swin Transformer is suitable for establishing more distant relationships between corresponding voxels in different positions in complex abdominal image registration tasks. However, the registration models based on transformers combine multiple voxels into a single semantic token. This merging process limits the transformers to model and generate coarse-grained spatial information. To address this issue, we propose Recovery Feature Resolution Network (RFRNet), which allows the transformer to contribute fine-grained spatial information and rich semantic correspondences to higher resolution levels. Furthermore, shifted window partitioning operations are inflexible, indicating that they cannot perceive the semantic information over uncertain distances and automatically bridge the global connections between windows. Therefore, we present a Weighted Window Attention (WWA) to build global interactions between windows automatically. It is implemented after the regular and cyclic shift window partitioning operations within the Swin transformer block. The proposed unsupervised deformable image registration model, named RFR-WWANet, detects the long-range correlations, and facilitates meaningful semantic relevance of anatomical structures. Qualitative and quantitative results show that RFR-WWANet achieves significant improvements over the current state-of-the-art methods. Ablation experiments demonstrate the effectiveness of the RFRNet and WWA designs. Our code is available at \url{https://github.com/MingR-Ma/RFR-WWANet}.
Well-posedness of anisotropic and homogeneous solutions to the Einstein-Boltzmann system with a conformal-gauge singularity
Creators: name: Lee, Ho
name: Nungesser, Ernesto
name: Stalker, John
name: Tod, Paul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the Einstein-Boltzmann system for massless particles in the Bianchi I space-time with scattering cross-sections in a certain range of soft potentials. We assume that the space-time has an initial conformal gauge singularity and show that the initial value problem is well posed with data given at the singularity. This is understood by considering conformally rescaled equations. The Einstein equations become a system of singular ordinary differential equations, for which we establish an existence theorem which requires several differentiability and eigenvalue conditions on the coefficient functions together with the Fuchsian conditions. The Boltzmann equation is regularized by a suitable choice of time coordinate, but still has singularities in momentum variables. This is resolved by considering singular weights, and the existence is obtained by exploiting singular moment estimates.
description: 75 pages, errata corrected and references added
Distelrath, Günther: Die japanische Produktionsweise. Zur wissenschaftlichen Genese einer stereotypen Sicht der japanischen Wirtschaft
Creators: name: Förster, Sonja
Publisher: name: ASIEN: The German Journal on Contemporary Asia
Year: 2021

description: ASIEN: The German Journal on Contemporary Asia, Nr. 73 (1999): ASIEN (Oktober)
Clonality: Molecular criteria and clinical utility
Creators: name: Diaz-Cano, Salvador J.
name: H J Wolfe
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer

description: Conceptually, a clone is a group of genetically identical cells derived from a single common ancestor Most somatic tissues arc polyclonal, unless there is a significant growth advantage within a subset of cells which proliferate at the expense of surrounding cells. Clonal proliferation in most somatic tissues may be viewed as evidence of the creation of a cell or group of cells with a growth advantage Clonal derivation of cells is a hallmark of neoplasia, and strongly implicates acquired somatic mutations giving proliferative advantage to a given clonal cell population
 There are several tested methods to determine clonality. Karyotypic alterations common to all cells of a tumor confirm clonal origin, but require fresh unfixed tissue with viable cells, a condition that can not be met easily with preneoplasia and early neoplasia. Molecular demonstration of a genetic lesion, as small as a point mutation, within all cells is evidence that a common stem cell contributed that mutation This approach applies only to that fraction of cases in which a "marker" mutation can be identified and specifically fails to identify clonal proliferation that might take place prior lo creation of a specific genetic lesion*
 Currently, successful molecular clonality assays are based upon analyses of widely-dispersed hypcrvariable regions of the human genome, composed of repetitive DNA sequences Microsalellites have assumed an increasingly important role in this task due to their ubiquity. PCR (polymerase chain reaction) typability, Mendelian co-dominant inheritance, and extreme polymorphism.
title: Electronic Communications of the EASST, Vol. 83 (2025): deRSE24 - Selected Contributions of the 4th Conference for Research Software Engineering in Germany
title: deRSE24 - Selected Contributions of the 4th Conference for Research Software Engineering in Germany
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Electronic Communications Of The EASST
Publisher: name: Electronic Communications of the EASST
Year: 2025

description: The fourth Conference on Research Software Engineering in Germany, deRSE24, took place at Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg from March 5 to 7, 2024. For the first time in the conference's history, a post-conference volume was created, featuring full-paper versions of selected contributions. All presenters were invited to submit an extended version of their conference contribution, and each submission underwent a thorough review process by experts in the respective fields. This volume represents a curated collection of outstanding contributions from deRSE24.
description: Preface
BERD Platform: The Journey from User Needs to Agile Development
Engineering a large-scale data analytics and array computing library for research: Heat
Enhancing Scientific Reproducibility: A Continuous Integration Workflow for High-Performance Computing
Extending and applying automated HERMES software publication workflows
lea.online - Software Applications for Individuals with Low Literacy
A concise guide to good practices for automated testing and documentation of Research Software
Deep Reinforcement Learning in Agent-Based Model AgriPoliS to Simulate Strategic Land Market Interactions
Teaching Research Software Engineering Skills for Developing Simulation Software
System Regression Tests for the preCICE Coupling Ecosystem
Improving reproducibility of scientific software using Nix/NixOS: A case study on the preCICE ecosystem
Collaborative software development to disentangle counterproductive incentives
Compared Experiences from Teaching Full-Semester Research Software Engineering Courses at Four German Universities
Teaching Reproducible Data Analysis for HPC Users -- The Snakemake Teaching Alliance
Requirements for a Metadata Scheme to Enable FAIR Energy Research Software
Documenting ML Experiments in HELIPORT
Deploying a C++ Software with (or without) Python Embedding and Extension
Software FAIRness, Documentation and Development Practices in Potsdam Researchers’ GitHub Repositories
Sundqvist et al. - The white matter module-hub network of semantics revealed by semantic dementia - CAPP Study Group
Creators: name: Sundqvist, Martina
name: Routier, Alexandre
name: Dubois, Bruno
name: Colliot, Olivier
name: Teichmann, Marc
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020

description: CAPP Study Group Link to publication: https://doi.org/10.1162/jocn_a_01549
Probing magneto-ionic microstructure towards the Vela pulsar using a prototype SKA-Low station
Creators: name: Lee, C. P.
name: Bhat, N. D. R.
name: Sokolowski, M.
name: Meyers, B. W.
name: Magro, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Vela pulsar (J0835-4510) is known to exhibit variations in Faraday rotation and dispersion on multi-decade timescales due to the changing sightline through the surrounding Vela supernova remnant and the Gum Nebula. Until now, variations in Faraday rotation towards Vela have not been studied on timescales less than around a decade. We present the results of a high-cadence observing campaign carried out with the Aperture Array Verification System 2 (AAVS2), a prototype SKA-Low station, which received a significant bandwidth upgrade in 2022. We collected observations of the Vela pulsar and PSR J0630-2834 (a nearby pulsar located outside the Gum Nebula), spanning $\sim 1\,\mathrm{yr}$ and $\sim 0.3\,\mathrm{yr}$ respectively, and searched for linear trends in the rotation measure (RM) as a function of time. We do not detect any significant trends on this timescale ($\sim$months) for either pulsar, but the constraints could be greatly improved with more accurate ionospheric models. For the Vela pulsar, the combination of our data and historical data from the published literature have enabled us to model long-term correlated trends in RM and dispersion measure (DM) over the past two decades. We detect a change in DM of $\sim 0.3\,\mathrm{cm}^{-3}\,\mathrm{pc}$ which corresponds to a change in electron density of $\sim 10^5\,\mathrm{cm}^{-3}$ on a transverse length scale of $\sim$1-2 au. The apparent magnetic field strength in the time-varying region changes from $240^{+30}_{-20}\,μ\mathrm{G}$ to $-6.2^{+0.7}_{-0.9}\,μ\mathrm{G}$ over the time span of the data set. As well as providing an important validation of polarimetry, this work highlights the pulsar monitoring capabilities of SKA-Low stations, and the niche science opportunities they offer for high-precision polarimetry and probing the microstructure of the magneto-ionic interstellar medium.
description: 16 pages, 9 figures, 2 tables, published in PASA
Eva Sternfeld: Beijing. Stadtentwicklung und Wasserwirtschaft. Sozioökonomische und ökologische Aspekte der Wasserkrise und Handlungsperspektiven
Creators: name: Hoffmann, Thomas
Publisher: name: ASIEN: The German Journal on Contemporary Asia
Year: 2021

description: ASIEN: The German Journal on Contemporary Asia, Nr. 73 (1999): ASIEN (Oktober)
PCR-based alternative for diagnosis of immunoglobulin heavy chain gene rearrangement: principles, practice, and polemics
Creators: name: Diaz-Cano, Salvador J.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2012
Subjects: Molecular Biology
Medicine
Hematology
Cell Biology
Cancer

description: PCR-based detection of immunoglobulin gene rearrangements is a reliable and accurate method which can be utilized as a clinical test if appropriate quality controls are performed (internal, polyclonal and monoclonal, sensitivity and specificity controls) and strict criteria for clonal rearrangements are used to exclude false-positives and false-negatives.
Variation Spaces for Multi-Output Neural Networks: Insights on Multi-Task Learning and Network Compression
Creators: name: Shenouda, Joseph
name: Parhi, Rahul
name: Lee, Kangwook
name: Nowak, Robert D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper introduces a novel theoretical framework for the analysis of vector-valued neural networks through the development of vector-valued variation spaces, a new class of reproducing kernel Banach spaces. These spaces emerge from studying the regularization effect of weight decay in training networks with activations like the rectified linear unit (ReLU). This framework offers a deeper understanding of multi-output networks and their function-space characteristics. A key contribution of this work is the development of a representer theorem for the vector-valued variation spaces. This representer theorem establishes that shallow vector-valued neural networks are the solutions to data-fitting problems over these infinite-dimensional spaces, where the network widths are bounded by the square of the number of training data. This observation reveals that the norm associated with these vector-valued variation spaces encourages the learning of features that are useful for multiple tasks, shedding new light on multi-task learning with neural networks. Finally, this paper develops a connection between weight-decay regularization and the multi-task lasso problem. This connection leads to novel bounds for layer widths in deep networks that depend on the intrinsic dimensions of the training data representations. This insight not only deepens the understanding of the deep network architectural requirements, but also yields a simple convex optimization method for deep neural network compression. The performance of this compression procedure is evaluated on various architectures.
description: Updated to version published in JMLR
Reliability of energy landscape analysis of resting-state functional MRI data
Creators: name: Khanra, Pitambar
name: Nakuci, Johan
name: Muldoon, Sarah
name: Watanabe, Takamitsu
name: Masuda, Naoki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 92-10

description: Energy landscape analysis is a data-driven method to analyze multidimensional time series, including functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data. It has been shown to be a useful characterization of fMRI data in health and disease. It fits an Ising model to the data and captures the dynamics of the data as movement of a noisy ball constrained on the energy landscape derived from the estimated Ising model. In the present study, we examine test-retest reliability of the energy landscape analysis. To this end, we construct a permutation test that assesses whether or not indices characterizing the energy landscape are more consistent across different sets of scanning sessions from the same participant (i.e., within-participant reliability) than across different sets of sessions from different participants (i.e., between-participant reliability). We show that the energy landscape analysis has significantly higher within-participant than between-participant test-retest reliability with respect to four commonly used indices. We also show that a variational Bayesian method, which enables us to estimate energy landscapes tailored to each participant, displays comparable test-retest reliability to that using the conventional likelihood maximization method. The proposed methodology paves the way to perform individual-level energy landscape analysis for given data sets with a statistically controlled reliability.
description: 21 pages, 6 figures, 13 tables
Lorentzian quantum cosmology from effective spin foams
Creators: name: Dittrich, Bianca
name: Padua-Argüelles, José
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Effective spin foams provide the computationally most efficient spin foam models yet and are therefore ideally suited for applications e.g. to quantum cosmology. We provide here the first effective spin foam computations of a finite time evolution step in a Lorentzian quantum de Sitter universe. We will consider a set-up which computes the no-boundary wave function, as well as a set-up describing the transition between two finite scale factors. A key property of spin foams is that they implement discrete spectra for the areas. We therefore study the effects that are induced by the discrete spectra.
 To perform these computations we had to identify a technique to deal with highly oscillating and slowly converging, or even diverging sums. We illustrate here that high order Shanks transformation work very well and are a promising tool for the evaluation of Lorentzian (gravitational) path integrals and spin foam sums.
description: 28 pages, 45 figures, published version
Bcl-2 expression and DNA fragmentation in breast carcinoma, pathologic and steroid hormone receptors correlates
Creators: name: Diaz-Cano, Salvador J.
name: H J Wolfe
name: M Garcia-Moliner
name: W Carney
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2012
Subjects: Molecular Biology
Medicine
Cell Biology
Cancer

description: B-cell leukemia/lymphoma (bcl-2) expression can override the apoptosis development in lymphoid and hormonally regulated tissue-like breast. The presence of estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), and androgen receptor (AR) have revealed in breast carcinomas, but they have not been correlated to the bcl-2 protein expression and DNA fragmentation markers. We evaluated the immunohistochemical expression of bcl-2 protein and hormonal receptors (ER, PR, AR) and differentiation grade in 37 infiltrating ductal carcinomas of the breast for which frozen tissues were available for DNA extraction. The immunohistochemical reaction for bcl-2 was considered positive if more than 50% of neoplastic cells had intense cytoplasmic staining, whereas for steroid receptor evaluation Battifora's criteria were used. The DNA was extracted according to the phenol-chloroform procedure and used for bcl-2 gene rearrangement study of the major breakpoint region (Southern blot) and for membrane-based end-labeling using digoxigenin-labeled nucleotides and E. coli DNA polymerase I (Klenow fragment). The results were quantified by three different observers. Low-grade carcinomas were positive for bcl-2 protein (27/28, 96.4%) and ER (15/28, 53.6%), whereas the remaining neoplasms were negative for bcl-2 (9/9, 100.0%) and ER (8/9, 53.6%) (p < 0.001). No statistically significant differences were revealed at the bcl-2, PR and AR comparisons. The Southern blot analysis for bcl-2 major breakpoint region showed neither rearrangement nor genetic amplification (densitometric study). Only the membrane-based end-labeling of DNA fragments showed correlation with bcl-2 protein and ER expressions: all except one bcl-2-negative tumor and two bcl-2-positive tumors had positive labeling using 7 pg of DNA at dot blot analysis (p < 0.002). The bcl-2 protein expression would allow both proliferation and cell progression by blocking apoptosis in well-differentiated, ER-positive breast carcinomas. In these neoplasms, DNA fragmentation as a molecular marker of apoptosis was prevented by bcl-2 expression.
Characterisation and numerical analysis of 304L Austenitic Stainless Steel wires under tensile and cold rolling deformation
Creators: name: Wassermann, Aymeric
name: List, Gautier
name: Fleury, Eric
name: Jacquel, Olivier
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: The phenomenon of strain-induced martensite in 304L stainless steel is well known to increase the mechanical strength of the rolled samples. The martensite being harder than the austenite, this transformation is also responsible for a pronounced damage by wear of the rolls and dies. The present study focuses on the rolling of wire, particularly for complex shapes like flat wires with rounded edges, intending to get a deeper understanding of martensite formation during the rolling of 304L under industrial conditions. In addition to tensile tests performed until rupture over a temperature range of 20 °C to 200 °C and strain rates ranging from 10−5 to 10−1 s−1, interrupted tensile tests were particularly undertaken to investigate the variation of the volume fraction with the plastic strain. In parallel rolling experiments on a laboratory rolling mill were conducted with thickness reduction ratios of 20%, 40%, and 60%. Microstructural analyses using EBSD revealed an inhomogeneous distribution of martensite, with a particularly larger value of the volume fraction of martensite in the centre of the rolled samples in comparison to their surfaces. Numerical simulations provided insights into the temperature distribution through the thickness of the rolled samples, explaining the lower martensite volume fraction at the surface and highlighting the significant impact of triaxiality on martensite formation.
Integral of scalar curvature on manifolds with a pole
Creators: name: Xu, Guoyi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: On any complete three dimensional Riemannian manifold with a pole and non-negative Ricci curvature, we show that the asymptotic scaling invariant integral of scalar curvature, is equal to a term determined by the asymptotic volume ratio of this Riemannian manifold.
description: A formula is proved, to appear in Proceedings of the American Mathematical Society
Aggressive fibromatosis (desmoid tumor) is a monoclonal disorder
Creators: name: Diaz-Cano, Salvador J.
name: B A Alman
name: H J Wolfe
name: M E Pajerski
name: K Corboy
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2012
Subjects: Molecular Biology
Medicine
Cell Biology
Cancer

description: Aggressive fibromatosis (also called deep fibromatosis or desmoid tumor) is a proliferation of cytologically benign-appearing fibrocytes, often resulting in significant functional loss. The nature of the lesion is controversial: some evidence suggests that it is a reactive process, whereas other evidence supports a neoplastic etiology. The pattern of X chromosome inactivation, using a technique based on polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification of a hypervariable CAG repeat region flanking Hhal restriction sites of the human androgen receptor gene, was determined in four cases in which cryopreserved tumor and adjacent normal tissue were available. All four tumors demonstrated a monoclonal pattern, while the adjacent normal tissues demonstrated a polyclonal pattern. This demonstrates that aggressive fibromatosis is proliferation of cells derived from a single clone with a growth advantage, and thus is likely a neoplastic process.
Dirk Schmidt: Die Entwicklung der Beziehungen zwischen der Volksrepublik China und der Republik China auf T’aiwan von 1987 bis 1993
Creators: name: Schubert, Gunter
Publisher: name: ASIEN: The German Journal on Contemporary Asia
Year: 2021

description: ASIEN: The German Journal on Contemporary Asia, Nr. 73 (1999): ASIEN (Oktober)
Bakhturidze GD, Peikrishvili NT, Mittelmark MB, Aarø LE (2012) The public’s attitudes towards tobacco sales prohibitions: Evidence from a nationally representative survey in the former Soviet state of Georgia
Creators: name: Andreeva, Tatiana
name: Peikrishvili, Nana T.
name: Aarø, Leif E.
name: Bakhturidze, George D.
name: Mittelmark, Maurice B.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Medicine
subject: Law
subject: FOS: Law
subject: Economics

description: The public’s attitudes towards tobacco sales prohibitions: Evidence from a nationally representative survey in the former Soviet state of Georgia
George D. Bakhturidze, Nana T. Peikrishvili, Maurice B. Mittelmark, Leif E. Aarø BACKGROUND: In the Caucasus region country of Georgia, no data on public opinion regarding tobacco sales restrictions have been available until now. The aim of the study is to provide data from a nationally representative sample including non-smokers, ex-smokers and current smokers, on their level of support for restricting tobacco sales.
METHODS: 1,588 people aged 13-70 were interviewed at home about their level of agreement with eight possible tobacco sales restrictions, which were combined to create a dichotomous scale indicating low agreement (agree with none to three of eight restrictions) or high agreement (agree with four or more of eight restrictions). Levels of agreement were analyzed by demographic segments defined by age, gender, education and income and by tobacco use status.
RESULTS: Across all eight forms of tobacco sales restrictions, the average support for tobacco sales restrictions was 85.2% which is a high level of support.
Among smokers, 71% of women and 87% of men indicated a high level of agreement for restricted tobacco sales; among occasional smokers 54% and 55% respectively. Above 95% of female and male ex-smokers and never smokers expressed high level of agreement with sales restrictions.
After adjustment for other predictors, agreement was significantly associated with age (more agreement with higher age) and smoking status (more agreement among never-smokers, less in current smokers), while there were no significant differences in agreement by gender, education, and income.
DISCUSSION: It is of high importance for Georgia to fully implement the Framework Convention on Tobacco Control, including strong sales restrictions, and there is good evidence of public support for doing so.
CONCLUSION: The present findings indicate to Georgian public health authorities that the support for tightened tobacco sales restrictions is high.

KEYWORDS: tobacco; tobacco control; tobacco control policy; public attitude; sales restriction; tobacco sales restriction; youth access; law; FCTC.
Yvonne Fritzsche: Wie höflich sind die Japaner wirklich? Höflichkeitserwartungen in der japanischen Alltagskommunikation
Creators: name: Schubert, Volker
Publisher: name: ASIEN: The German Journal on Contemporary Asia
Year: 2021

description: ASIEN: The German Journal on Contemporary Asia, Nr. 73 (1999): ASIEN (Oktober)
Persistent Ballistic Entanglement Spreading with Optimal Control in Quantum Spin Chains
Creators: name: Lu, Ying
name: Shi, Pei
name: Wang, Xiao-Han
name: Hu, Jie
name: Ran, Shi-Ju
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Entanglement propagation provides a key routine to understand quantum many-body dynamics in and out of equilibrium. The entanglement entropy (EE) usually approaches to a sub-saturation known as the Page value $\tilde{S}_{P} =\tilde{S} - dS$ (with $\tilde{S}$ the maximum of EE and $dS$ the Page correction) in, e.g., the random unitary evolutions. The ballistic spreading of EE usually appears in the early time and will be deviated far before the Page value is reached. In this work, we uncover that the magnetic field that maximizes the EE robustly induces persistent ballistic spreading of entanglement in quantum spin chains. The linear growth of EE is demonstrated to persist till the maximal $\tilde{S}$ (along with a flat entanglement spectrum) is reached. The robustness of ballistic spreading and the enhancement of EE under such an optimal control are demonstrated, considering particularly perturbing the initial state by random pure states (RPS's). These are argued as the results from the endomorphism of the time evolution under such an entanglement-enhancing optimal control for the RPS's.
description: Main text: 6 pages, 5 figures + Supplemental material