cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
On the coldness of the local Hubble flow: the role of baryons
Creators: name: Peirani, Sébastien
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: (Abridged) Our aim is to investigate whether the presence of baryons can have any significant influence on the properties of the local Hubble flow which has proved to be "cold". We use two cosmological zoom simulations in the standard LCDM cosmology with the same set of initial conditions to study the formation of a local group-like system within a sphere of ~7 Mpc/h. The first one is a pure dark matter simulation (runDM) while a complete treatment of the physics of baryons is introduced in the second one (runB). We found that galaxies identified in runB and their corresponding dark matter haloes in runDM have very similar spatial distributions and dynamical properties on large scales. Then, when analyzing the velocity field and the deviation from a pure Hubble flow in both simulations, namely when computing the dispersion of peculiar velocities of galaxies σ*(R) and those of their corresponding dark matter haloes in runDM, we found no particular differences for distances R=1 to 8 Mpc from the local group mass center. The results indicate that the "true" σ*(R) values can be estimated from the pure dark matter simulation with a mean error of 3 km/s when dark matter haloes are selected with maximum circular velocities of Vc$\ge$30 km/s, corresponding to a population of dark matter haloes in runB that host galaxies. By investigating the properties of the Hubble flow at distances R~0.7 to 3 Mpc, we also found that the estimation of the total mass enclosed at the radius of the zero-velocity surface R0, using the spherical infall model adapted to LCDM, can be underestimated by at least 50%.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS, 11 pages, 7 figures
title: Seven Myths of Executive Compensation
Creators: name: Larcker, David F.
name: Tayan, Brian
Publisher: name: Corporate Governance Research Initiative
Year: 2011

description: This case examines seven commonly accepted myths about executive compensation. Public perception is that executives are overpaid and that compensation contracts are not structured in the best interest of shareholders. Why don’t experts rely on research to arrive at informed and fact-based solutions?
Teleparallel Lagrange Geometry and a Unified Field Theory
Creators: name: Wanas, M. I.
name: Youssef, Nabil L.
name: Sid-Ahmed, A. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we construct a field theory unifying gravity and electromagnetism in the context of Extended Absolute Parallelism (EAP-) geometry. This geometry combines, within its structure, the geometric richness of the tangent bundle and the mathematical simplicity of Absolute Parallelism (AP-) geometry. The constructed field theory is a generalization of the Generalized Field Theory (GFT) formulated by Mikhail and Wanas. The theory obtained is purely geometric. The horizontal (resp. vertical) field equations are derived by applying the Euler-Lagrange equations to an appropriate horizontal (resp. vertical) scalar Lagrangian. The symmetric part of the resulting horizontal (resp. vertical) field equations gives rise to a generalized form of Einstein's field equations in which the horizontal (resp. vertical) energy-momentum tensor is purely geometric. The skew-symmetric part of the resulting horizontal (resp. vertical) field equations gives rise to a generalized form of Maxwell equations in which the electromagnetic field is purely geometric. Some interesting special cases, which reveal the role of the nonlinear connection in the obtained field equations, are examined. Finally, the condition under which our constructed field equations reduce to the GFT is explicitly established.
description: Latex file, 33 pages
The formation of compact massive self-gravitating discs in metal-free haloes with virial temperatures of ~ 13000-30000 K
Creators: name: Regan, John A.
name: Haehnelt, Martin G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have used the hydrodynamical AMR code ENZO to investigate the dynamical evolution of the gas at the centre of dark matter haloes with virial velocities of ~ 20 - 30 kms and virial temperatures of ~ 13000-30000 K at z ~ 15 in a cosmological context. The virial temperature of the dark matter haloes is above the threshold where atomic cooling by hydrogen allows the gas to cool and collapse. We neglect cooling by molecular hydrogen and metals, as may be plausible if H_2 cooling is suppressed by a meta-galactic Lyman-Werner background or an internal source of Lyman-Werner photons, and metal enrichment has not progressed very far. The gas in the haloes becomes gravitationally unstable and develops turbulent velocities comparable to the virial velocities of the dark matter haloes. Within a few dynamical times it settles into a nearly isothermal density profile over many decades in radius losing most of its angular momentum in the process. About 0.1 - 1 % of the baryons, at the centre of the dark matter haloes, collapse into a self-gravitating, fat, ellipsoidal, centrifugally supported exponential disc with scale-length of ~ 0.075-0.27 pc and rotation velocities of 25-60 kms. We are able to follow the settling of the gas into centrifugal support and the dynamical evolution of the compact disc in each dark matter halo for a few dynamical times. The dynamical evolution of the gas at the centre of the haloes is complex. In one of the haloes the gas at the centre fragments into a triple system leading to strong tidal perturbations and eventually to the in-fall of a secondary smaller clump into the most massive primary clump. The formation of centrifugally supported self-gravitating massive discs is likely to be an important intermediary stage en route to the formation of a massive black hole seed.
description: Re-submitted to MNRAS taking into account the referee's suggestions for moderate revision. 16 pages, 11 figures
EOSC-Pillar D5.2 FAIR Research Data Management Workbench Operation Report
Creators: name: Candela, Leonardo
name: Frosini, Luca
name: Le Franc, Yann
name: Mangiacrapa, Francesco
name: Cazenave, Nicolas
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021

description: EOSC-Pillar is developing and integrating a set of tools and services overall supporting the construction and maintenance of an aggregated data space implementing the FAIR principles: a Federated FAIR Data Space (F2DS). This deliverable documents the activities and results (e.g., indicators on integrated data providers, and datasets, indicators on
 datasets accesses) of the operation of the EOSC-Pillar toolset enacting the development of the EOSC-Pillar data space. The first release of this typology of deliverable gives early indicators about the exploitation of the proposed services. The dataspace will be actually developed in the second period of the project.
Materializing Modernity - Socialist and Post-socialist Rural Legacy in Contemporary Albania
Creators: name: Pompejano, Federica
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: MaMo
subject: Marie Sklodowska-Curie Action
subject: MSCA-IF
subject: H2020
subject: Materializing Modernity
subject: Socialist Albania
subject: GA No. 896925
subject: Research
subject: Anthropology
subject: FOS: Sociology

description: Presentation of the EU-funded H2020-MSCA-IF Project "Materializing Modernity - Socialist and Post-socialist Rural Legacy in Contemporary Albania (MaMo)" by Federica Pompejano in the section 'Aktivitete Shkencore', in Antropologji, Vol 3/2020, No. 1, 155-164. ISSN 2617-9768; ISSN 2706-5995 (online) The scientific journal Antropologji, is the scientific journal of the Instituti i Antropologjisë Kulturore dhe Studimit të Artit - IAKSA, Akademia e Studimeve Albanologjike (ASA). The full issue is available as Open Access resource on IAKSA website: http://iaksa.edu.al/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/ANTROPOLOGJI-V%C3%ABll.-3-Nr.-1-%E2%80%93-2020.pdf?fbclid=IwAR0LaighUI0uxvAgfrjlNormM1cVRPlrAfat-Bv5HLj0a88GaqB8nQjdOeY
EOSC-Pillar D5.7 FAIR Research Data Management Workbench Operation Report Update
Creators: name: Candela, Leonardo
name: Frosini, Luca
name: Le Franc, Yann
name: Mangiacrapa, Francesco
name: Rouchon, Olivier
name: Toulemonde, Baptiste
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: EOSC
FAIR data

description: EOSC-Pillar developed and integrated a set of tools and services overall supporting the construction and maintenance of an aggregated data space implementing the FAIR principles. This deliverable documents the activities and results (e.g., indicators on integrated data providers, and datasets, indicators on datasets accesses) of the operation of the EOSC-Pillar toolset enacting the
 development of the EOSC-Pillar data space. This is the revised and final release of this typology of deliverable offering information up to November 2022.
Proxemics as an aspect of covert culture : an exploratory study of the spatial dimension of social interaction.
Creators: name: Lind, Karin Marguerite
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: The analysis of man's use of space and its significance in social interaction has been largely neglected by anthropologists. The task for this study is to indicate that the management of space is far from accidental--in fact, it is a complex network of observable patterns. Despite the lack of studies (empirical or otherwise), it is argued that in face-to-face interaction, spatial patterns constitute a fundamental dimension. Moreover, such patterns are not explicit; rather they are in the realm of unconscious behaviour i.e. covert culture. The thesis begins with a survey of the few studies reported in the literature which deal with spatial patterns. As well, consideration is given to a variety of material which provides secondary reference to this central interest. The writer then reports methods attempted to gather information on codes of spatial behaviour. Several different perspectives for handling the resultant data are explored to illustrate the relevance of distance patterns. Following this discussion is a proposal for a possible field study which would allow a comprehensive analysis of human spatial arrangements.
EOSC-Pillar D5.7 FAIR Research Data Management Workbench Operation Report Update
Creators: name: Candela, Leonardo
name: Frosini, Luca
name: Le Franc, Yann
name: Mangiacrapa, Francesco
name: Rouchon, Olivier
name: Toulemonde, Baptiste
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: EOSC
FAIR data

description: EOSC-Pillar developed and integrated a set of tools and services overall supporting the construction and maintenance of an aggregated data space implementing the FAIR principles. This deliverable documents the activities and results (e.g., indicators on integrated data providers, and datasets, indicators on datasets accesses) of the operation of the EOSC-Pillar toolset enacting the
 development of the EOSC-Pillar data space. This is the revised and final release of this typology of deliverable offering information up to November 2022.
Blue luminescence of SrTiO3 under intense optical excitation
Creators: name: Rubano, A.
name: Paparo, D.
name: Miletto, F.
name: di Uccio, U. Scotti
name: Marrucci, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The blue-green photoluminescence emitted by pure and electron-doped strontium titanate under intense pulsed near-ultraviolet excitation is studied experimentally, as a function of excitation intensity and temperature. Both emission spectra and time-resolved decays of the emission are measured and analyzed in the framework of simple phenomenological models. We find an interesting blue-to-green transition occurring for increasing temperatures in pure samples, which is instead absent in doped materials. The luminescence yield and decay rate measured as a function of temperature can be modeled well as standard activated behaviors. The leading electron-hole recombination process taking place in the initial decay is established to be second-order, or bimolecular, in contrast to recent reports favoring a third-order interpretation as an Auger process. The temporal decay of the luminescence can be described well by a model based on two interacting populations of excitations, respectively identified with interacting defect-trapped (possibly forming excitons) and mobile charges. Finally, from the measured doping and sample dependence of the luminescence yield, we conclude that the radiative centers responsible for the luminescence are probably intrinsic structural defects other than bulk oxygen vacancies.
Accurate masses for dispersion-supported galaxies
Creators: name: Wolf, Joe
name: Martinez, Gregory D.
name: Bullock, James S.
name: Kaplinghat, Manoj
name: Geha, Marla
name: Munoz, Ricardo R.
name: Simon, Joshua D.
name: Avedo, Frank F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive an accurate mass estimator for dispersion-supported stellar systems and demonstrate its validity by analyzing resolved line-of-sight velocity data for globular clusters, dwarf galaxies, and elliptical galaxies. Specifically, by manipulating the spherical Jeans equation we show that the dynamical mass enclosed within the 3D deprojected half-light radius r_1/2 can be determined with only mild assumptions about the spatial variation of the stellar velocity dispersion anisotropy. We find M_1/2 = 3 σ_los^2 r_1/2 / G ~ 4 σ_los^2 R_eff / G, where σ_los^2 is the luminosity-weighted square of the line-of-sight velocity dispersion and R_eff is the 2D projected half-light radius. While deceptively familiar in form, this formula is not the virial theorem, which cannot be used to determine accurate masses unless the radial profile of the total mass is known a priori. We utilize this finding to show that all of the Milky Way dwarf spheroidal galaxies (MW dSphs) are consistent with having formed within a halo of mass approximately 3 x 10^9 M_sun in Lambda CDM cosmology. The faintest MW dSphs seem to have formed in dark matter halos that are at least as massive as those of the brightest MW dSphs, despite the almost five orders of magnitude spread in luminosity. We expand our analysis to the full range of observed dispersion-supported stellar systems and examine their I-band mass-to-light ratios (M/L). The M/L vs. M_1/2 relation for dispersion-supported galaxies follows a U-shape, with a broad minimum near M/L ~ 3 that spans dwarf elliptical galaxies to normal ellipticals, a steep rise to M/L ~ 3,200 for ultra-faint dSphs, and a more shallow rise to M/L ~ 800 for galaxy cluster spheroids.
description: 20 pages, 13 figures. Accepted to MNRAS on March 27th, 2010
title: Scaling Up: The Implementation of Corporate Governance in Pre-IPO Companies
Creators: name: Larcker, David F.
name: Tayan, Brian
Publisher: name: Corporate Governance Research Initiative
Year: 2018

description: Companies are required to have a reliable system of corporate governance in place at the time of IPO in order to protect the interests of public company investors and stakeholders. Yet, relatively little is known about the process by which they implement one. This Closer Look, based on detailed data from a sample of pre-IPO companies, examines the process by which companies go from essentially having no governance in place at the time of their founding to the fully established systems of governance required of public companies by the Securities and Exchange Commission. We examine the vastly different choices that companies make in deciding when and how to implement these standards. We ask: What factors do CEOs and founders take into account in determining how to implement governance systems? Should regulators allow companies greater flexibility to tailor their governance systems to their specific needs? Which elements of governance add to business performance and which are done only for regulatory purposes? How much value does good governance add to a company’s overall valuation? When should small or medium-sized companies that intend to remain private implement a governance system?
title: Administration of Utah's Governmental Immunity Act by Utah's School Districts
Creators: name: Peterson, Steven Howard
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1972

description: Purpose
Since the Utah Governmental Immunity Act went into effect on July 1, 1966, the experience of Utah's school districts under the law was not known. For the purpose of determining the experience of Utah's districts in administering the law and to determine the adequacy of the law, this study was undertaken.
Procedures
To accomplish the purpose of this study, a questionnaire was sent to each of Utah's 40 school districts. Instructions were sent with the questionnaire indicating that the writer would be making contact either by telephone or a personal interview to assist in filling out the questionnaire. A personal interview was conducted with 15 districts, and telephone contact was made with the remaining 25 districts. Additional information which could not be obtained from Utah's school systems was obtained from insurance agents, legal advisors, and various other related sources.
Effective Siegel's theorem for modular curves
Creators: name: Bilu, Yuri
name: Illengo, Marco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11G30

description: We prove that integral points can be effectively determined on all but finitely many modular curves, and on all but one modular curve of prime power level.
description: 13 pages, version of February 25, 2010 (minor changes)
title: Where Does Human Resources Sit at the Strategy Table?
Creators: name: Hamilton, Courtney
name: Larcker, David F.
name: Miles, Stephen A.
name: Tayan, Brian
Publisher: name: Corporate Governance Research Initiative
Year: 2019

description: Two decades ago, McKinsey advanced the idea that large U.S. companies are engaged in a “war for talent” and that to remain competitive they need to make a strategic effort to attract, retain, and develop the highest-performing executives. To understand the contribution of the human resources department to company strategy, we surveyed 85 CEOs and chief human resources officers at Fortune 1000 companies. In this Closer Look, we examine what these senior executives say about the contribution of HR to the strategic efforts and financial performance of their companies. We ask: What role does HR play in the development of corporate strategy? Does HR have an equal voice or is it junior to other members of the senior management team? Do boards see HR and human capital as critical to corporate performance? How do boards ascertain whether management has the right HR strategy? How adept are companies at using data from HR systems to learn what programs work and why?
Longitudinal Weak Gauge Bosons Scattering in Hidden Z' Models
Creators: name: Cheung, Kingman
name: Chiang, Cheng-Wei
name: Hsiao, Yu-Kuo
name: Yuan, Tzu-Chiang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Longitudinal weak gauge boson scattering has been well known as a powerful method to probe the underlying mechanism of the electroweak symmetry breaking sector of the Standard Model. We point out that longitudinal weak gauge boson scattering is also sensitive to the gauge sector when the non-Abelian trilinear and quartic couplings of the Standard Model Z boson are modified due to the general mixings with another Z' boson in the hidden sector and possibly with the photon as well. In particular, these mixings can lead to a partially strong scattering effect in the channels of W^\pm_L W^\pm_L \to W^\pm_L W^\pm_L and W^\pm_L W^\mp_L \to W^\pm_L W^\mp_L which can be probed at the Large Hadron Collider. We study this effect in a simple U(1) extension of the Standard Model recently suggested in the literature that includes both the symmetry breaking Higgs mechanism as well as the gauge invariant Stueckelberg mass terms for the two Abelian groups. Other types of Z' models are also briefly discussed.
description: 18 pages, 4 figures, and 2 tables, version to appear in PRD
Using Formal Concept Analysis with a Push-based Web Document Management System
Creators: name: Everts, TJ
Publisher: name: University Of Tasmania
Year: 2023

description: The significant increase in amount of information readily available on the World Wide Web (WWW) makes it difficult for users to locate the information they desire in a timely manner. Modern information gathering and retrieval methods focus on simplifying this task by enabling the user to retrieve only a small subset of information that is more relevant and manageable. However, often the majority of users will not find an immediate use for the information. Therefore, it is necessary to provide a method to store it effectively so it can be utilised as a future knowledge resource. A commonly adopted approach is to classify the retrieved information based on its content. A technique that has been found to be suitable for this purpose is Multiple Classification Ripple Down Rules (MCRDR). MCRDR constructs a classification knowledge base over time using an incremental learning process. This incremental method of acquiring classification knowledge suits the nature of Web information because it is constantly evolving and being updated. However, despite this advantage, the classification knowledge of MCRDR is not often utilised for browsing the classified information. This is because MCRDR does not directly organise the knowledge in a way that is suitable for browsing. As a result, often an alternate structure is utilised for browsing the information which is usually based on a user's abstract understanding of the information domain. This study investigated the feasibility of utilising the classification knowledge acquired through the use of MCRDR as a resource for browsing information retrieved from the WWW. A system was implemented that used the concept lattice based browsing scheme of Formal Concept Analysis (FCA) to support the browsing of documents based on MCRDR classification knowledge. The feasibility of utilising classification knowledge as a resource for browsing documents was evaluated statistically. This was achieved by comparing the concept lattice-based browsing approach to a standard one that utilises abstract knowledge of a domain as a resource for browsing the same documents.
The targum (1969:Mar. 1 - 1969:Mar. 20)
Creators: name: No Name Supplied
Publisher: name: Targum Association
Year: 1969

description: Some University historians indicate that the Targum was first published as an annual in 1867, but of this we have no extant evidence. In January 1869, the Targum as we now know it, made its appearance as a monthly paper that concerned itself with student “literary contributions” and college news as well as serving as a vehicle for bringing news to alumni and the general public. The newspaper, which originally was for sale, varied in frequency over the years as did its title (The Targum, Rutgers Targum, Rutgers Daily Targum, and Daily Targum). The newspaper has continuously been published since 1869 with the exception of 19 months during the second world war, between February 1944 and October 1945. The Targum was published by the students of Rutgers College, and later Rutgers University—New Brunswick represented through the years as the Targum Association, Rutgers Targum Association, and Rutgers College Targum. As a student organization, the Targum operated under the oversight of the dean of students and student government but in October 1980, the Targum became an independent college paper.
Additional file 2 of Market strategies used by processed food manufacturers to increase and consolidate their power: a systematic review and document analysis
Creators: name: Wood, Benjamin
name: Williams, Owain
name: Nagarajan, Vijaya
name: Sacks, Gary
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 2.
Instabilities of naked singularities and black hole interiors in General Relativity
Creators: name: Dotti, Gustavo
name: Gleiser, Reinaldo J.
name: Pullin, Jorge
name: Ranea-Sandoval, Ignacio F.
name: Vucetich, Héctor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Metrics representing black holes in General Relativity may exhibit naked singularities for certain values of their parameters. This is the case for super-extremal ($J^2 > M>0$) Kerr and super-extremal ($|Q|>M>0$) Reissner-Nördstrom spacetimes, and also for the negative mass Schwarzschild spacetime. We review our recent work where we show that these nakedly singular spacetimes are unstable under linear gravitational perturbations, a result that supports the cosmic censorship conjecture, and also that the inner stationary region beyond the inner horizon of a Kerr black hole ($J^2
description: Review talk given at the 7th Friedmann Seminar, Joao Pessoa, Brazil, July 2008
The targum (1969:Feb. 3 - 1969:Feb. 28)
Creators: name: No Name Supplied
Publisher: name: Targum Association
Year: 1969

description: Some University historians indicate that the Targum was first published as an annual in 1867, but of this we have no extant evidence. In January 1869, the Targum as we now know it, made its appearance as a monthly paper that concerned itself with student “literary contributions” and college news as well as serving as a vehicle for bringing news to alumni and the general public. The newspaper, which originally was for sale, varied in frequency over the years as did its title (The Targum, Rutgers Targum, Rutgers Daily Targum, and Daily Targum). The newspaper has continuously been published since 1869 with the exception of 19 months during the second world war, between February 1944 and October 1945. The Targum was published by the students of Rutgers College, and later Rutgers University—New Brunswick represented through the years as the Targum Association, Rutgers Targum Association, and Rutgers College Targum. As a student organization, the Targum operated under the oversight of the dean of students and student government but in October 1980, the Targum became an independent college paper.
title: Stimulus Manipulation in Articulation Therapy With a Hearing Impaired Child
Creators: name: White, Walter Eugene
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1972

description: Severely hearing impaired individuals typically exhibit speech that is unintelligible and systematic instruction in speech has not effectively alleviated all of the misarticulations found in the speech of these individuals. Behavior modification is a promising development which has meaningful application to the modification of defective articulation by hearing impaired children.
The purpose of this study was to as certain the feasibility of implementing a specific program of stimulus manipulation to alter the articulation of the |TS| phoneme as uttered by one severely hearing impaired individual. The training program was structured in a sequence of four operant training conditions. Pre-training tests, training tasks, intra-training probe tests, post-training tests, stimulus generalization tests, and retention tests were administered.
As a result of this investigation, it was concluded that the use of a behavior modification training program appears to be an effective method by which the articulation of a hearing impaired individual may be modified.
title: Leadership Challenges at Hewlett-Packard: Through the Looking Glass
Creators: name: Larcker, David F.
name: Tayan, Brian
Publisher: name: Corporate Governance Research Initiative
Year: 2011

description: Hewlett-Packard has faced numerous leadership and strategic changes over the last twelve years. It has also been involved in more than its fair share of controversies. Are these signs of governance failure at the board level?
A context aware attack detection system across multiple gateways in real-time
Creators: name: Scanlan, Joel
Publisher: name: University Of Tasmania
Year: 2023

description: It is understood that intrusion detection systems can make more intelligent decisions if the context of the traffic being observed is known. This thesis examines whether an attack detection system, looking at traffic as it arrives at gateways or firewalls, can make smarter decisions if the context of attack patterns across a class of IP addresses is known. A system that detects and forestalls the continuation of both fast attacks and slow attacks across several IP addresses is described and the development of heuristics both to ban activity from hostile IP addresses and then lift these bans is illustrated. The System not only facilitates detection of methodical multiple gateway attacks, but also acts to defeat the attack before penetration can occur across the gateway range.
Metal-line emission from the warm-hot intergalactic medium: II. Ultraviolet
Creators: name: Bertone, Serena
name: Schaye, Joop
name: Booth, C. M.
name: Vecchia, Claudio Dalla
name: Theuns, Tom
name: Wiersma, Robert P. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Approximately half the baryons in the local Universe are thought to reside in the warm-hot intergalactic medium (WHIM). Emission lines from metals in the UV band are excellent tracers of the cooler fraction of this gas. We present predictions for the surface brightness of a sample of UV lines that could potentially be observed by the next generation of UV telescopes at z<1. We use a subset of simulations from the OWLS project to create emission maps and to investigate the effect of varying the physical prescriptions for star formation, supernova and AGN feedback, chemodynamics and radiative cooling. Most models produce results in agreement within a factor of a few, indicating that the predictions are robust. Of the lines we consider, C III is the strongest line, but it typically traces gas colder than 10^5 K. The same is true for Si IV. The second strongest line, C IV, traces circum-galactic gas with T~10^5 K. O VI and Ne VIII probe the warmer (T~10^5.5 K and T~10^6 K, respectively) and more diffuse gas that may be a better tracer of the large scale structure. N V emission is intermediate between C IV and O VI. The intensity of all emission lines increases strongly with gas density and metallicity, and for the bright emission it is tightly correlated with the temperature for which the line emissivity is highest. In particular, the C III, C IV, Si IV and O VI emission that is sufficiently bright to be potentially detectable in the near future (>10^3 photon/s/cm^2/sr), comes from relatively dense (rho>10^2 rho_mean) and metal rich (Z>0.1 Z_sun) gas. As such, emission lines are highly biased tracers of the missing baryons and are not an optimal tool to close the baryon budget. However, they do provide a powerful means to detect the gas cooling onto or flowing out of galaxies and groups. (Abridged)
description: 21 pages, 22 figures. MNRAS in press. Minor changes
Additional file 1 of Factors influencing stress, anxiety, and depression among Iranian pregnant women: the role of sexual distress and genital self-image
Creators: name: Keramat, Afsaneh
name: Malary, Mina
name: Moosazadeh, Mahmood
name: Bagherian, Nastaran
name: Mohammad-Reza Rajabi-Shakib
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1. Socio-demographics Checklist
title: What Does It Mean for an Executive to Make A Million?
Creators: name: Larcker, David F.
name: McCall, Allan
name: Tayan, Brian
Publisher: name: Corporate Governance Research Initiative
Year: 2011

description: Executive compensation figures are not what they seem. Executive pay packages contain a diverse mix of incentives whose ultimate value is often quite different from their expected value. Why don’t companies clearly differentiate between expected, earned and realized pay?
The targum (1969:Sept. 8 - 1969:Sept. 30)
Creators: name: No Name Supplied
Publisher: name: Targum Association
Year: 1969

description: Some University historians indicate that the Targum was first published as an annual in 1867, but of this we have no extant evidence. In January 1869, the Targum as we now know it, made its appearance as a monthly paper that concerned itself with student “literary contributions” and college news as well as serving as a vehicle for bringing news to alumni and the general public. The newspaper, which originally was for sale, varied in frequency over the years as did its title (The Targum, Rutgers Targum, Rutgers Daily Targum, and Daily Targum). The newspaper has continuously been published since 1869 with the exception of 19 months during the second world war, between February 1944 and October 1945. The Targum was published by the students of Rutgers College, and later Rutgers University—New Brunswick represented through the years as the Targum Association, Rutgers Targum Association, and Rutgers College Targum. As a student organization, the Targum operated under the oversight of the dean of students and student government but in October 1980, the Targum became an independent college paper.
Professional Access Control
Creators: name: de la Motte, L
Publisher: name: University Of Tasmania
Year: 2023

description: Professional Access Control (PAC) is a self-administrating access control model for professional users which employs a peer review process and oversight by system administrators. It is characterised by the existence of ethical controls on the relationships between the users (those accessing data or granting access privileges to others) and data owners. Investigations revealed that the issue of availability was crucial to users in the hospital domain studied, and that to minimise the administrative burden on system administrators, the users needed to take some of the load. These factors led to the development of the new Trusted Access Control (TAC) model which gives users control. TAC is a fundamental access control model, complementary to the well-known Mandatory Access Control (MAC) and Discretionary Access Control (DAC) models. PAC uses TAC at its core and also incorporates Role Based Access Control (RBAC) and Provision Based Access Control (PBAC). This gives it the flexibility and user-friendliness necessary in the hospital environment, while still providing a high degree of data confidentiality and integrity protection. The required PAC functionality has been built into an Oracle package which can be used by new and existing applications, making it a viable access control solution for complex environments such as hospitals. When enabled workflow applications use the Oracle package, access control is automatically effected behind-the-scene, providing both usability benefits and reduced administrative burden.
Dark Matter Interpretations of the Electron/Positron Excesses after FERMI
Creators: name: Meade, Patrick
name: Papucci, Michele
name: Strumia, Alessandro
name: Volansky, Tomer
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The cosmic-ray excess observed by PAMELA in the positron fraction and by FERMI and HESS in the electron + positron flux can be interpreted in terms of DM annihilations or decays into leptonic final states. Final states into tau's or 4mu give the best fit to the excess. However, in the annihilation scenario, they are incompatible with photon and neutrino constraints, unless DM has a quasi-constant density profile. Final states involving electrons are less constrained but poorly fit the excess, unless hidden sector radiation makes their energy spectrum smoother, allowing a fit to all the data with a combination of leptonic modes. In general, DM lighter than about a TeV cannot fit the excesses, so PAMELA should find a greater positron fraction at higher energies. The DM interpretation can be tested by FERMI gamma observations above 10 GeV: if the electronic excess is everywhere in the DM halo, inverse Compton scattering on ambient light produces a well-predicted gamma excess that FERMI should soon detect.
description: 30 pages, 13 figures. Final and updated version
Climate Response of Larch and Birch Forests across an Elevational Transect and Hemisphere-Wide Comparisons, Kamchatka Peninsula, Russian Far East
Creators: Deck, Clara
Wiles, Gregory C.
Frederick, Sarah
Matsovsky, Vladimir
Kuderina, Tatiana
D'Arrigo, Rosanne Dorothy
Solomina, Olga N.
Wiesenberg, Nicholas
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2017
Subjects: Climatic changes
Forests and forestry--Climatic factors
Dendrochronology
Tree-rings
Dendroclimatology

description: Kamchatka’s forests span across the peninsula’s diverse topography and provide a wide range of physiographic and elevational settings that can be used to investigate how forests are responding to climate change and to anticipate future response. Birch (Betula ermanii Cham.) and larch (Larix gmelinii (Rupr.) Kuzen) were sampled at eight new sites and together with previous collections were compared with monthly temperature and precipitation records to identify their climate response. Comparisons show that tree-ring widths in both species are primarily influenced by May through August temperatures of the current growth year, and that there is a general increase in temperature sensitivity with altitude. The ring-width data for each species were also combined into regional chronologies. The resulting composite larch chronology shows a strong resemblance to a Northern Hemisphere (NH) tree-ring based temperature reconstruction with the larch series tracking NH temperatures closely through the past 300 years. The composite birch ring-width series more closely reflects the Pacific regional coastal late summer temperatures. These new data improve our understanding of the response of forests to climate and show the low frequency warming noted in other, more continental records from high latitudes of the Northern Hemisphere. Also evident in the ring-width record is that the larch and birch forests continue to track the strong warming of interior Kamchatka.
title: A Survey of the Selecting and Governing of Girls' Precision Drill Teams in Selected High Schools in Utah
Creators: name: Workman, Jean M.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1972

description: A survey was taken of selected high schools in Utah to determine their methods of selecting girls for a drill team and also how they organize and govern these groups.
There are similarities in the requirements the girls have to meet in order to be selected: age limit, grade average , skill, rhythm, coordination and flexibility. Most schools have tryouts, but not all. Those that do, have some pre-training before tryouts.
Some of the schools just use class time for practice while others include before and after school. Summer practice is held by most of the schools varying from two weeks to six weeks before school starts . A few practice all summer.
Nearly all of the schools organize and govern their drill team with the help of a constitution. However, these are not used as often as they should be in order to be effective . Leadership responsibility is encouraged and developed.
The objectives of education are slightly more evident in being fulfilled than the objectives of physical education in the drill teams.
All except seven of the advisors are physical education majors and most of them thought this is how it should be. There were very few advisors who did not have any training in drill team work before they were assigned a drill team.
title: The Effect of Utah Population Growth on Conversion of Agricultural Land to Residential Land
Creators: name: Dyner, Suzanne Shoshana
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1986

description: Land resources are essential to the production of many goods and services, including food, fiber, housing, and recreation. Often, these alternate uses are thought to be incompatible, and the conventional wisdom holds that in a place such as Utah, where rapid population growth is occurring near farming activities, at least some agricultural land must be converted to developed uses. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the strength of the relationship between population growth and change in farmland, especially cropland, in Utah.
Theoretically, population growth has been assumed to affect the amount of land in agricultural use. An empirical model is formulated to explain changes in the quantity of various types of agricultural land as a function of four hypothesized explanatory variables, one of which is the percentage change in population.
The conclusion reached is that population growth is not statistically related to changes in the amount of land in agriculture in Utah. Although some land at the urban fringes is converted to developed uses every year, it is replaced in other locations by new farmland . Therefore, the increase in population that resulted in some cropland conversion is not directly related to the change in cropland. Moreover, none of the other explanatory variables are consistently related. Even in a hypothetical "worst-case" scenario, in which all future development is assumed to take place on cropland, little of Utah's cropland would be lost by the year 2000. If Utah state and local planners desire to encourage retention of land in agriculture, further study should be directed towards finding the relevant explanatory variables, and policies should be based on an understanding of the significant relationships.
title: Contingent Valuation of Early Intervention Programs for Handicapped Children
Creators: name: Escobar, Colette M.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1986

description: Early intervention programs for handicapped preschool children may have long-term implications for the children and their families. Economic evaluations of these programs have been conducted to measure costs and bene fit s, but parental willingness-to-pay has been overlooked in these analyses. Parental willingness-to-pay, as a measure of consumer surplus, could complete the measure of benefits and provide both policymakers and practitioners with useful information for decision-making. In this study, the implications of eliciting willingness-to-pay responses for an early intervention program for handicapped preschoolers are discussed. A survey technique, known as the contingent valuation method (CVM) , is applied to program to empirically estimate willingness-to-pay for the total program and for particular components of the program. Also investigated are the implications of using a rationality test in the survey to determine if consumer responses are in accordance with assumptions for rational consumer behavior. Results indicate relatively high willingness-to-pay for the program as whole, but low value is associated with program components. This implies that parents may value these programs more for the respite rather than specialized services offered. Results of the rationality test support the hypothesis that such a measure is necessary in survey designs of this nature.
The Generalisation Ability of Neural Networks
Creators: name: Fearn, RC
Publisher: name: University Of Tasmania
Year: 2023

description: Neural Networks (NN) can be trained to perform tasks such as image and handwriting recognition, credit card application approval and the prediction of stock market trends. During the learning process, the outputs of a supervised NN come to approximate the target values given the inputs in the training set. This ability may be good in itself, but often the more important purpose for a NN is to generalise i.e. to have the outputs of the NN approximate target values given inputs that are not in the training set. This project examines the impact a selection of key features has on the generalisation ability of NNs. This is achieved through a critical analysis of the following aspects; inputs to the network, selection of training data, size of training data, prior knowledge and the smoothness of the function. Techniques devised to measure the effects these factors have on generalisation are implemented. The results of testing are discussed in detail and are used to form the basis of further work, directed at continuing to refine the processes involved during the training and testing of NNs.
title: Factors Affecting Puberty, Estrus and Ovulation in  Corriedale and Criollo Sheep of the Southern Peruvian Highlands
Creators: name: Matheus, Pedro Walter Bravo
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1986

description: This research was conducted at the La Raya experiment station, Cusco, Peru (4200 m elevation, 15°S latitude, and 70°W longitude) using 60 Corriedale, and 60 Criollo ewes during three consecutive years (April 1981 - March 1984). Age, and weight at puberty, age at physical maturity, and the effects of breed, age (physically immature and mature), year, and month were measured on body weight, incidence of estrus, and incidence and rate of ovulation. There was a significant difference (P.05). Even though Criollo ewes weighed less than Corriedale, they attained puberty earlier, and showed less seasonality in estrus and ovulated throughout the year than the Corriedale.
On Projective Equivalence of Univariate Polynomial Subspaces
Creators: name: Crooks, Peter
name: Milson, Robert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14M15, 15A72, 34A30, 58K05

description: We pose and solve the equivalence problem for subspaces of ${\mathcal P}_n$, the $(n+1)$ dimensional vector space of univariate polynomials of degree $\leq n$. The group of interest is ${\rm SL}_2$ acting by projective transformations on the Grassmannian variety ${\mathcal G}_k{\mathcal P}_n$ of $k$-dimensional subspaces. We establish the equivariance of the Wronski map and use this map to reduce the subspace equivalence problem to the equivalence problem for binary forms.