cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Counterdiabatic route for preparation of state with long-range topological order
Creators: name: Kumar, Sanjeev
name: Sharma, Shekhar
name: Tripathi, Vikram
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose here a counterdiabatic (CD) strategy for fast preparation of a state with long-range topological order by magnetic field tuning of an initial separable state. For concreteness, we consider the ground state of the honeycomb Kitaev model whose long-range topological order together with the anyonic excitations make it an interesting candidate for fault-tolerant universal quantum computation and storage. The required CD perturbation is found to be local, having the form of the off-diagonal exchange interactions reminiscent of trigonal deformations in Kitaev Hamiltonians. We show that the counterdiabatically produced state can have high fidelity and retain numerous desired entanglement properties.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures
Green synthesis of AgCl/Ag 3 PO 4 nanoparticle using cyanobacteria and assessment of its antibacterial, colorimetric detection of heavy metals and antioxidant properties
Creators: name: Mohammadi, Parisa
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 60504 Microbial Ecology
subject: 110303 Clinical Microbiology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: In this study, the extract of two strains of cyanobacteria was used for the synthesis of silver nanoparticles (NPs). UV-vis spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, dynamic light scattering and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) analyses were carried out to characterise the NPs. The antioxidant activity and heavy metal detection properties were investigated; moreover, their minimum inhibitory concentration and minimum bactericidal concentration against the multi-drug resistant bacteria were determined. The most abundant materials in these extracts were carbohydrates, so the biosynthesis of NPs using exopolysaccharide (EPS) was also investigated. The surface plasmon resonance of NPs had a peak at 435 nm and EPS NPs at 350-450 nm. The NPs produced by Nostoc sp. IBRC-M5064 extract revealed the face-centred cubic (fcc) structure of AgCl, while NPs of N. pruniforme showed the fcc crystalline structure of Ag3PO4 and AgCl.
Pressure and interaction measure of the gluon plasma
Creators: name: Antonov, D.
name: Pirner, H. -J.
name: Schmidt, M. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore the thermodynamics of the gluon plasma in SU(3) Yang-Mills theory emerging from the non-trivial spatial dynamics of valence gluons. The lattice data suggest that these gluons interact with each other linearly at large spatial separations. At high temperatures, valence gluons should reproduce the pressure of the non-interacting Stefan-Boltzmann plasma along with the leading perturbative correction. These properties of valence gluons can be modeled in terms of the integral over their trajectories. We calculate such a world-line integral analytically and obtain the pressure and the interaction measure $(\varepsilon-3p)/T^4$ of the gluon plasma. Additionally, we account for the contributions of stochastic background fields to these thermodynamic quantities. The results turn out to be in a good agreement with the corresponding lattice data. In particular, the lattice-simulated peak of the interaction measure near the deconfinement critical temperature is reproduced.
description: 20 pages, 5 figures. Final version. To appear in Nucl. Phys. A
Index reduction for Brauer classes via stable sheaves (with an appendix by Bhargav Bhatt)
Creators: name: Krashen, Daniel
name: Lieblich, Max
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 16K50, 14D20

description: We use twisted sheaves to study the problem of index reduction for Brauer classes. In general terms, this problem may be phrased as follows: given a field $k$, a $k$-variety $X$, and a class $α\in \Br(k)$, compute the index of the class $α_{k(X)} \in \Br(X)$ obtained from $α$ by extension of scalars to $k(X)$. We give a general method for computing index reduction which refines classical results of Schofield and van den Bergh. When $X$ is a curve of genus 1, we use Atiyah's theorem on the structure of stable vector bundles with integral slope to show that our formula simplifies dramatically, giving a complete solution to the index reduction problem in this case. Using the twisted Fourier-Mukai transform, we show that a similarly simple formula describes homogeneous index reduction on torsors under higher-dimensional abelian varieties.
description: 18 pages. Additional minor revisions and corrections
Recommending best course of treatment based on similarities of prognostic markers
Creators: name: Sudhanshu
name: Punn, Narinder Singh
name: Sonbhadra, Sanjay Kumar
name: Agarwal, Sonali
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: With the advancement in the technology sector spanning over every field, a huge influx of information is inevitable. Among all the opportunities that the advancements in the technology have brought, one of them is to propose efficient solutions for data retrieval. This means that from an enormous pile of data, the retrieval methods should allow the users to fetch the relevant and recent data over time. In the field of entertainment and e-commerce, recommender systems have been functioning to provide the aforementioned. Employing the same systems in the medical domain could definitely prove to be useful in variety of ways. Following this context, the goal of this paper is to propose collaborative filtering based recommender system in the healthcare sector to recommend remedies based on the symptoms experienced by the patients. Furthermore, a new dataset is developed consisting of remedies concerning various diseases to address the limited availability of the data. The proposed recommender system accepts the prognostic markers of a patient as the input and generates the best remedy course. With several experimental trials, the proposed model achieved promising results in recommending the possible remedy for given prognostic markers.
Which Part of Dense Cores Feeds Material to Protostars?: The Case of L1489 IRS
Creators: name: Sai, Jinshi
name: Ohashi, Nagayoshi
name: Maury, Anaëlle J.
name: Maret, Sébastien
name: Yen, Hsi-Wei
name: Aso, Yusuke
name: Gaudel, Mathilde
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have conducted mapping observations ($\sim 2'\times2'$) of the Class I protostar L1489 IRS using the 7-m array of the Atacama Compact Array (ACA) and the IRAM-30m telescope in the $\mathrm{C^{18}O}$ 2-1 emission to investigate the gas kinematics on 1000-10,000 au scales. The $\mathrm{C^{18}O}$ emission shows a velocity gradient across the protostar in a direction almost perpendicular to the outflow. The radial profile of the peak velocity was measured from a $\mathrm{C^{18}O}$ position-velocity diagram cut along the disk major axis. The measured peak velocity decreases with radius at a radii of $\sim$1400-2900 au, but increases slightly or is almost constant at radii of $r\gtrsim$2900 au. Disk-and-envelope models were compared with the observations to understand the nature of the radial profile of the peak velocity. The measured peak velocities are best explained by a model where the specific angular momentum is constant within a radius of 2900 au but increases with radius outside 2900 au. We calculated the radial profile of the specific angular momentum from the measured peak velocities, and compared it to analytic models of core collapse. The analytic models reproduce well the observed radial profile of the specific angular momentum and suggest that material within a radius of $\sim$4000-6000 au in the initial dense core has accreted to the central protostar. Because dense cores are typically $\sim$10,000-20,000 au in radius, and as L1489 IRS is close to the end of mass accretion phase, our result suggests that only a fraction of a dense core eventually forms a star.
description: 23 pages, 11 figures, accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journal
Laws of Population Growth
Creators: name: Rozenfeld, Hernan D.
name: Rybski, Diego
name: Andrade, Jose S.
name: Batty, Michael
name: Stanley, H. Eugene
name: Makse, Hernan A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An important issue in the study of cities is defining a metropolitan area, as different definitions affect the statistical distribution of urban activity. A commonly employed method of defining a metropolitan area is the Metropolitan Statistical Areas (MSA), based on rules attempting to capture the notion of city as a functional economic region, and is constructed using experience. The MSA is time-consuming and is typically constructed only for a subset (few hundreds) of the most highly populated cities. Here, we introduce a new method to designate metropolitan areas, denoted the "City Clustering Algorithm" (CCA). The CCA is based on spatial distributions of the population at a fine geographic scale, defining a city beyond the scope of its administrative boundaries. We use the CCA to examine Gibrat's law of proportional growth, postulating that the mean and standard deviation of the growth rate of cities are constant, independent of city size. We find that the mean growth rate of a cluster utilizing the CCA exhibits deviations from Gibrat's law, and that the standard deviation decreases as a power-law with respect to the city size. The CCA allows for the study of the underlying process leading to these deviations, shown to arise from the existence of long-range spatial correlations in the population growth. These results have socio-political implications, such as those pertaining to the location of new economic development in cities of varied size.
description: 30 pages, 8 figures
Origin of the Background Absorption in Carbon Nanotubes: Phonon-Assisted Excitonic Continuum
Creators: name: Forno, Stefano Dal
name: Komatsu, Natsumi
name: Wais, Michael
name: Mojibpour, Ali
name: Wadgaonkar, Indrajit
name: Ghosh, Saunab
name: Yomogida, Yohei
name: Yanagi, Kazuhiro
name: Held, Karsten
name: Kono, Junichiro
name: Battiato, Marco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Excitonic effects in 1D semiconductors can be qualitatively different from those in higher dimensions. In particular, the Sommerfeld factor, the ratio of the above-band-edge excitonic continuum absorption to free electron-hole pair generation, has been shown to be less than 1 (i.e., suppressed) in 1D systems while it is larger than1 (i.e., enhanced) in 2D and 3D systems. Strong continuum suppression indeed exists in semiconducting single-wall carbon nanotubes, a prototypical 1D semiconductor. However, absorption spectra for carbon nanotubes are typically fit with a combination of Lorentzians and a polynomial background baseline with little physical meaning. Here, we performed absorption measurements in aligned single-chirality (6,5) carbon nanotube films. The obtained spectra were fit with our theoretical model obtained by solving the Boltzmann scattering equation (i.e., the quantum Fokker-Planck equation), involving fifty-nine different types of transitions among three different types of quasiparticles. Specifically, we took into account microscopic interactions between photons, phonons, and excitons, including their dispersions, which unambiguously demonstrated that the background absorption is due to phonon-assisted transitions from the semiconductor vacuum to finite-momentum continuum states of excitons. The excellent agreement we obtained between experiment and theory suggests that our numerical technique can be seamlessly extended to compute strongly out-of-equilibrium many-body dynamics and time-resolved spectra in low-dimensional materials.
ICAO Circular 344 Guidelines on Education, Training and Reporting of Fume Events
Creators: name: Tuori, Antti
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: ACA2017
ACA2017-PRE

description: -
description: This is a presentation from the International Aircraft Cabin Air Conference 2017 (Imperial College, London, 19-20 September 2017)
Seeds of SEED: A Side-Channel Resilient Cache Skewed by a Linear Function over a Galois Field
Creators: name: Constable, Scott
name: Unterluggauer, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Hardware Architecture (cs.AR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Consider a set-associative cache with $p^n$ sets and $p^n$ ways where $p$ is prime and $n>0$. Furthermore, assume that the cache may be shared among $p^n$ mutually distrusting principals that may use the Prime+Probe side-channel attack against one another; architecturally, these principals occupy separate security domains (for example, separate processes, virtual machines, sandboxes, etc.). This paper shows that there exists a linear skewing of cache sets over the Galois field $G_{p^n}$ that exhibits the following property: each cache set of each security domain intersects every cache set of every other security domain exactly once. Therefore, a random eviction from a single cache set in security domain $A$ may be observed via Prime+Probe in any of security domain $B$'s cache sets. This paper characterizes this linear skewing and describes how it can be implemented efficiently in hardware.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures
Updated analysis of the dynamical relation between asteroid 2003 EH1 and comets C/1490 Y1 and C/1385 U1
Creators: name: Micheli, Marco
name: Bernardi, Fabrizio
name: Tholen, David J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The asteroid 2003 EH1, proposed as the parent body of the Quadrantid meteor shower, is thought to be the remnant of a past cometary object, tentatively identified with the historical comets C/1490 Y1 and C/1385 U1. In the present work we use recovery astrometry to extend the observed arc of 2003 EH1 from 10 months to about 5 years, enough to exclude the proposed direct relationship of the asteroid with both of the comets.
description: Submitted to Monthly Notices of the RAS Letters Updated with a new table and other minor changes
EASA & FAA Research Findings & Actions – Cabin Air Quality
Creators: name: Thomson, Maxford
name: Braystone, Jordan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: ACA2017
ACA2017-PRE

description: -
description: This is a presentation from the International Aircraft Cabin Air Conference 2017 (Imperial College, London, 19-20 September 2017)
MPEC 2024-T17 : 2017 ER13
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Dissemination material and database
Creators: name: Martin, Laura Maria
name: Iamkovaia, Mariia
name: Diaz Garduno, Beatriz
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: dissemination
communication
communication tools

description: The aim of this work has been to ensure good communication and dissemination of results through different media, materials and formats of the research eu project,internally among partners, but also to a general public with an external communication plan. To ensure the effectiveness of the communication strategy all the activitieswere quantified using performance indicators and measurement tools.
Profiles of cosmic filaments since z=4.0 in cosmological hydrodynamical simulation
Creators: name: Zhu, Weishan
name: Zhang, Fupeng
name: Feng, Long-Long
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A large portion of the baryons at low redshifts are still missing from detection. Most of the missing baryons are believed to reside in large scale cosmic filaments. Understanding the distribution of baryons in filaments is crucial for the search for missing baryons. We investigate the properties of cosmic filaments since $z=4.0$ in a cosmological hydrodynamic simulation, focusing on the density and temperature profiles perpendicular to the filament spines. Our quantitative evaluation confirm the rapid growth of thick and prominent filaments after $z=2$. We find that the local linear density of filaments shows correlation with the local diameter since $z=4.0$. The averaged density profiles of both dark matter and baryonic gas in filaments of different width show self-similarity, and can be described by an isothermal single-beta model. The typical gas temperature increases as the filament width increasing, and is hotter than $10^6$ K for filaments with width $D_{fil} \gtrsim 4.0 \rm{Mpc}$, which would be the optimal targets for the search of missing baryons via thermal Sunyaev-Zel'dovich (SZ) effect. The temperature rises significantly from the boundary to the inner core regime in filaments with $D_{fil} \gtrsim 4.0 \rm{Mpc}$, probably due to heating by accretion shock, while the temperature rise gently in filaments with $D_{fil}< 4.0 \rm{Mpc}$.
description: 15 pages, 8 figures, accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journal
Temporal Trends of and Influence of Storage Methods on Concentrations of Perfluoroalkyl Substances in Limed Municipal Wastewater Biosolids
Creators: name: Armstrong, Dana Lynne
Publisher: name: Digital Repository at the University of Maryland
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Environmental engineering
subject: FOS: Environmental engineering
subject: Biosolids
subject: Perfluoroalkyl substances
subject: PFOA
subject: PFOS
subject: Storage methods

description: Perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) are a classification of anthropogenic chemicals used in a variety of consumer and industrial products.  Compounds from two PFAS subgroups, perflurocarboxylic acids (PFCAs) and perfluorosulfonic acids (PFSAs) are known to be persistent and have been detected in environmental and biotic samples worldwide.  While long-chain PFCAs and PFSAs have been in a phase-out process within the United States and some have been regulated in Europe, these compounds have continued to be produced in developing countries.  The sustained use of PFCA and PFSA compounds in consumer products, as well as the ability of some PFASs to degrade into these compounds, has led to their presence in the wastewater treatment (WWT) process.  This study analyzes archived limed biosolids from a municipal WWT plant for temporal trends of 8 PFCAs and 4 PFSAs over an eight year period.  This study also compares storage methods to determine influence on PFCA concentrations.
The Merger in Abell 576: A Line of Sight Bullet Cluster?
Creators: name: Dupke, Renato A.
name: Mirabal, Nestor
name: Bregman, Joel N.
name: Evrard, August E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using a combination of Chandra and XMM observations, we confirmed the presence of a significant velocity gradient along the NE/E-W/SW direction in the intracluster gas of the cluster Abell 576. The results are consistent with a previous ASCA SIS analysis of this cluster. The error weighted average over ACIS-S3, EPIC MOS 1 & 2 spectrometers for the maximum velocity difference is >3.3E03 km/s at the 90% confidence level, similar to the velocity limits estimated indirectly for the "bullet" cluster (1E0657-56). The probability that the velocity gradient is generated by standard random gain fluctuations with Chandra and XMM is <0.1%. The regions of maximum velocity gradient are in CCD zones that have the lowest temporal gain variations. It is unlikely that the velocity gradient is due to Hubble distance differences between projected clusters (probability
description: 24 pages, 2 tables and 20 figures; accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal. For full version with all figures click on http://www.astro.lsa.umich.edu/~rdupke/a576_web.pdf
An Empirical Study of Accuracy, Fairness, Explainability, Distributional Robustness, and Adversarial Robustness
Creators: name: Singh, Moninder
name: Ghalachyan, Gevorg
name: Varshney, Kush R.
name: Bryant, Reginald E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: To ensure trust in AI models, it is becoming increasingly apparent that evaluation of models must be extended beyond traditional performance metrics, like accuracy, to other dimensions, such as fairness, explainability, adversarial robustness, and distribution shift. We describe an empirical study to evaluate multiple model types on various metrics along these dimensions on several datasets. Our results show that no particular model type performs well on all dimensions, and demonstrate the kinds of trade-offs involved in selecting models evaluated along multiple dimensions.
Energy-landscape network approach to the glass transition
Creators: name: Carmi, Shai
name: Havlin, Shlomo
name: Song, Chaoming
name: Wang, Kun
name: Makse, Hernan A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the energy-landscape network of Lennard-Jones clusters as a model of a glass forming system. We find the stable basins and the first order saddles connecting them, and identify them with the network nodes and links, respectively. We analyze the network properties and model the system's evolution. Using the model, we explore the system's response to varying cooling rates, and reproduce many of the glass transition properties. We also find that the static network structure gives rise to a critical temperature where a percolation transition breaks down the space of configurations into disconnected components. Finally, we discuss the possibility of studying the system mathematically with a trap-model generalized to networks.
description: 4 pages, 6 figures
Organophosphate-Based Chemicals, Axonal Transport and Cognitive Dysfunction
Creators: name: Terry, Alvin V.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: ACA2017
ACA2017-PRE

description: -
description: This is a presentation from the International Aircraft Cabin Air Conference 2017 (Imperial College, London, 19-20 September 2017)
An automated sample line for the preparation of O¹⁸ /O¹⁶ isotope analyses from water samples
Creators: name: Whaite, Peter
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: An automated sample preparation line has been developed to equilibrate water samples for determination of their oxygen isotope ratio. Preliminary estimates put the repeatability of the sample preparation methods at approximately 0.04°/oof a figure that compares very favourably with the present state of the art. A noteworthy feature of our sample line, is that temperature control is unnecessary during sample equilibration. Errors arising from non-constant temperature conditions are prevented by simultaneously saving all of the equilibrated gas samples in separate reservoirs when the equilibration reaction is complete. Several other innovations in sample rack design are also described. These are: a circular rack geometry; an improved, inexpensive, magnetic stirrer design to agitate water samples; a Peltier cooling device to trap water vapour; and the use of standard Pyrex test tubes as equilibration flasks. The preparation line is highly modular. Up to sixteen racks, each capable of preparing sixteen samples, can be included in the system. Racks may be removed, repaired or modified, and replaced, without disturbing the operation of any other racks in the system. The current configuration is a minimum system with only one rack. The programming concepts used to control operation of the system are new to this application, and hence are a significant contribution. A multi-tasking executive allocates resources amongst the racks on a priority basis. By using linked list structures, the operating system maximises resource and processor utilisation, but does not compromise flexibility and modularity. The operator can submit any rack for preparation at any time, and the system could, with sixteen racks, prepare a full load of 256 samples in a day. A simple handshaking interface has been provided to control the release of samples for analysis. This should make it possible to connect the sample line to any mass spectrometer capable of the automated analysis of carbon dioxide. The user controls sample line operation by commands entered on a teletype keyboard. The command language is deliberately unstructured, and users can type in "natural" English sentences if they wish. All system operations and user sentences are printed on the teletype to provide a permanent record for later scrutiny. Finally a manual command repertoire has been provided. It allows the operator complete control over any rack. All solenoids, registers, and control lines, can be manipulated on an individual basis from the teletype keyboard.
The Rossiter-McLaughlin effect Revolutions: An ultra-short period planet and a warm mini-Neptune on perpendicular orbits
Creators: name: Bourrier, V.
name: Lovis, C.
name: Cretignier, M.
name: Allart, R.
name: Dumusque, X.
name: Delisle, J. -B.
name: Deline, A.
name: Sousa, S. G.
name: Adibekyan, V.
name: Alibert, Y.
name: Barros, S. C. C.
name: Borsa, F.
name: Cristiani, S.
name: Demangeon, O.
name: Ehrenreich, D.
name: Figueira, P.
name: Hernández, J. I. González
name: Lendl, M.
name: Lillo-Box, J.
name: Curto, G. Lo
name: Di Marcantonio, P.
name: Martins, C. J. A. P.
name: Mégevand, D.
name: Mehner, A.
name: Micela, G.
name: Molaro, P.
name: Oshagh, M.
name: Palle, E.
name: Pepe, F.
name: Poretti, E.
name: Rebolo, R.
name: Santos, N. C.
name: Scandariato, G.
name: Seidel, J. V.
name: Sozzetti, A.
name: Mascareño, A. Suárez
name: Osorio, M. R Zapatero
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Comparisons of the alignment of exoplanets with a common host star can be used to distinguish among concurrent evolution scenarios. However, multi-planet systems usually host mini-Neptunes and super-Earths, whose size make orbital architecture measurements challenging. We introduce the Rossiter-McLaughlin effect Revolutions technique, which can access spin-orbit angles of small planets by exploiting the full information contained in spectral transit time series. We validated the technique on published HARPS-N data of the mini-Neptune HD3167c, refining its high sky-projected spin-orbit angle (-108.9+5.4-5.5 deg), and we applied it to new ESPRESSO observations of the super-Earth HD3167b, revealing an aligned orbit (-6.6+6.6-7.9 deg). Surprisingly different variations in the contrast of the stellar lines occulted by the planets can be reconciled with a latitudinal dependence of the stellar line shape. In this scenario, a joint fit to both datasets constrains the inclination of the star (111.6+3.1-3.3 deg) and the 3D spin-orbit angles of HD3167b (29.5+7.2-9.4 deg) and HD3167c (107.7+5.1-4.9 deg). The projected spin-orbit angles do not depend on the model for the line contrast variations, and so, with a mutual inclination of 102.3+7.4-8.0 deg, we conclude that the two planets are on perpendicular orbits. This could be explained by HD3167b being strongly coupled to the star and retaining its primordial alignment, whereas HD3167c would have been brought to a nearly polar orbit via secular gravitational interactions with an outer companion. Follow-up observations and dynamical evolution simulations are required to search for this companion and explore this scenario. HD3167b is the smallest exoplanet with a confirmed spectroscopic Rossiter-McLaughlin signal. Our new technique opens the way to determining the orbital architectures of the super-Earth and Earth-sized planet populations.
description: 20 pages, 19 figures, accepted for publication in A&A (14 September 2021)
Monolithic or hierarchical star formation? A new statistical analysis
Creators: name: Kampakoglou, Marios
name: Trotta, Roberto
name: Silk, Joe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider an analytic model of cosmic star formation which incorporates supernova feedback, gas accretion and enriched outflows, reproducing the history of cosmic star formation, metallicity, supernovae type II rates and the fraction of baryons allocated to structures. We present a new statistical treatment of the available observational data on the star formation rate and metallicity that accounts for the presence of possible systematics. We then employ a Bayesian Markov Chain Monte Carlo method to compare the predictions of our model with observations and derive constraints on the 7 free parameters of the model. We find that the dust correction scheme one chooses to adopt for the star formation data is critical in determining which scenario is favoured between a hierarchical star formation model, where star formation is prolonged by accretion, infall and merging, and a monolithic scenario, where star formation is rapid and efficient. We distinguish between these modes by defining a characteristic minimum mass, M > 10^{11} M_solar, in our fiducial model, for early type galaxies where star formation occurs efficiently. Our results indicate that the hierarchical star formation model can achieve better agreement with the data, but that this requires a high efficiency of supernova-driven outflows. In a monolithic model, our analysis points to the need for a mechanism that drives metal-poor winds, perhaps in the form of supermassive black hole-induced outflows. Furthermore, the relative absence of star formation beyond z ~ 5 in the monolithic scenario requires an alternative mechanism to dwarf galaxies for reionizing the universe at z ~ 11, as required by observations of the microwave background. While the monolithic scenario is less favoured in terms of its quality-of-fit, it cannot yet be excluded.
description: Expanded discussion on the role of mergers and on reionization in the monolithic scenario, refs added, main results unchanged. Matches version to appear in MNRAS
Quantum anharmonic enhancement of superconductivity in $P6_3/mmc$ ScH$_6$ at high pressures: a first-principles study
Creators: name: Hou, Pugeng
name: Belli, Francesco
name: Bianco, Raffaello
name: Errea, Ion
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Making use of first-principles calculations, we analyze the effect of quantum ionic fluctuations and lattice anharmonicity on the crystal structure and superconductivity of P63/mmc ScH6 in the 100-160 GPa pressure range within the stochastic self-consistent harmonic approximation. We predict a strong correction to the crystal structure, the phonon spectra, and the superconducting critical temperatures, which have been estimated in previous calculations without considering ionic fluctuations on the crystal structure and assuming the harmonic approximation for the lattice dynamics. Quantum ionic fluctuations have a large impact on the H2 molecular-like units present in the crystal by increasing the hydrogen-hydrogen distance about a 5%. According to our anharmonic phonon spectra, this structure will be dynamically stable at least above 85 GPa, which is 45 GPa lower than the pressure given by the harmonic approximation. Contrary to many superconducting hydrogen-rich compounds, where quantum ionic effects and the consequent anharmonicity tend to lower the superconducting critical temperature, our results show that it can be enhanced in P63/mmc ScH6 by approximately a 15%. We attribute the enhancement of the critical temperature to the stretching of the H$_2$ molecular-like units and the associated increase of the electron-phonon interaction. Our results suggest that quantum ionic effects increase the superconducting critical temperature in hydrogen-rich materials with H2 units by increasing the hydrogen-hydrogen distance and, consequently, the electron-phonon interaction.
Non-Equilibrium Ionization State and Two-Temperature Structure in the Linked Region of Abell 399/401
Creators: name: Akahori, Takuya
name: Yoshikawa, Kohji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate a non-equilibrium ionization state and two-temperature structure of the intracluster medium in the linked region of Abell 399/401, using a series of N-body + SPH simulations, and find that there exist significant shock layers at the edge of the linked region, and that the ionization state of iron departs from the ionization equilibrium state at the shock layers and around the center of the linked region. As for the two-temperature structure, an obvious difference of temperature between electrons and ions is found in the edge of the linked regions. K alpha line emissions of Fe xxiv and Fe xxv are not severely affected by the deviation from the ionization equilibrium state around the center of the linked region, suggesting that the detection of relatively high metallicity in this area cannot be ascribed to the non-equilibrium ionization state of the intracluster medium. On the other hand, the K alpha emissions are significantly deviated from the equilibrium values at the shock layers, and the intensity ratio of K alpha lines between Fe xxiv-xxv and Fe xxvi is found to be significantly altered from that in the ionization equilibrium state.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures, submitted to PASJ Letter; accepted June 2
The Abundances of Light Neutron-Capture Elements in Planetary Nebulae II. s-process Enrichments and Interpretation
Creators: name: Sterling, N. C.
name: Dinerstein, Harriet L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the results of a large-scale survey of neutron(n)-capture elements in Galactic planetary nebulae (PNe), undertaken to study enrichments from s-process nucleosynthesis in their progenitor stars. From new K band observations of over 100 PNe supplemented by data from the literature, we have detected the emission lines [Kr III] 2.199 and/or [Se IV] 2.287 $μ$m in 81 of 120 objects. We determine Se and Kr elemental abundances, employing ionization correction formulae derived in the first paper of this series. We find a significant range in Se and Kr abundances, from near solar (no enrichment) to enhanced by >1.0 dex relative to solar, which we interpret as self-enrichment due to in situ s-process nucleosynthesis. Kr tends to be more strongly enriched than Se; in 18 objects exhibiting both Se and Kr emission, we find that [Kr/Se] = 0.5$\pm$0.2. Our survey has increased the number of PNe with n-capture element abundance determinations by a factor of ten, enabling us for the first time to search for correlations with other nebular properties. As expected, we find a positive correlation between s-process enrichments and the C/O ratio. Type I and bipolar PNe, which arise from intermediate-mass progenitors (>3-4 solar masses), exhibit little to no s-process enrichments. Finally, PNe with H-deficient Wolf-Rayet central stars do not exhibit systematically larger s-process enrichments than objects with H-rich nuclei. Overall, 44% of the PNe in our sample display significant s-process enrichments (>0.3 dex). Using an empirical PN luminosity function to correct for incompleteness, we estimate that the true fraction of s-process enriched Galactic PNe is at least 20%.
description: 105 pages, including 19 tables and 9 figures. Accepted for publication in ApJS
A theory for viral capsid assembly around electrostatic cores
Creators: name: Hagan, Michael F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Biomolecules (q-bio.BM)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: We develop equilibrium and kinetic theories that describe the assembly of viral capsid proteins on a charged central core, as seen in recent experiments in which brome mosaic virus (BMV) capsids assemble around nanoparticles functionalized with polyelectrolyte. We model interactions between capsid proteins and nanoparticle surfaces as the interaction of polyelectrolyte brushes with opposite charge, using the nonlinear Poisson Boltzmann equation. The models predict that there is a threshold density of functionalized charge, above which capsids efficiently assemble around nanoparticles, and that light scatter intensity increases rapidly at early times, without the lag phase characteristic of empty capsid assembly. These predictions are consistent with, and enable interpretation of, preliminary experimental data. However, the models predict a stronger dependence of nanoparticle incorporation efficiency on functionalized charge density than measured in experiments, and do not completely capture a logarithmic growth phase seen in experimental light scatter. These discrepancies may suggest the presence of metastable disordered states in the experimental system. In addition to discussing future experiments for nanoparticle-capsid systems, we discuss broader implications for understanding assembly around charged cores such as nucleic acids.
description: This version has been updated from v1 as follows. The calculation accounts for curvature, explicitly represents the polymeric nature of surface functionalization molecules, and determines the dissociation equilibrium of the functionalized carboxylate groups. 13 pages main text, 4 pages appendix, 14 figures
Classification of nonproduct states with maximum stabilizer dimension
Creators: name: Lyons, David W.
name: Walck, Scott N.
name: Blanda, Stephanie A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Nonproduct n-qubit pure states with maximum dimensional stabilizer subgroups of the group of local unitary transformations are precisely the generalized n-qubit Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger states and their local unitary equivalents, for n greater than or equal to 3 but not equal to 4. We characterize the Lie algebra of the stabilizer subgroup for these states. For n=4, there is an additional maximal stabilizer subalgebra, not local unitary equivalent to the former. We give a canonical form for states with this stabilizer as well.
description: 6 pages, version 3 has a typographical correction in the displayed equation just after numbered equation (2), and other minor corrections
Semiclassical quantization of electrons in magnetic fields: the generalized Peierls substitution
Creators: name: Gosselin, Pierre
name: Boumrar, Hocine
name: Mohrbach, Herve
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A generalized Peierls substitution which takes into account a Berry phase term must be considered for the semiclassical treatment of electrons in a magnetic field. This substitution turns out to be an essential element for the correct determination of the semiclassical equations of motion as well as for the semiclassical Bohr-Sommerfeld quantization condition for energy levels. A general expression for the cross-sectional area is derived and used as an illustration for the calculation of the energy levels of Bloch and Dirac electrons.
title: Work-life integration
Creators: name: Hogan, Michael J.
name: Hogan, Victoria
Publisher: name: The Irish Psychologist
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Work
subject: Systems psychology
subject: Work-life balance

description: Magazine article
description: Work is an integral part of life. Human adaptation implies acquisition of the means to sustain life. But there is more to life than work: there is personal life, family life, and life within one's social network and culture too. From a systems psychology perspective, all domains of life are interrelated, naturally, but without an integrated life plan the interrelationships defining our system will gravitate toward chaos, fragmentation, and conflict. In human systems order and harmony are a byproduct of intelligence.
Gyrokinetic simulations of electric current generation in ion temperature gradient driven turbulence
Creators: name: Chen, Xiang
name: Lu, Zhixin
name: Cai, Huishan
name: Ye, Lei
name: Chen, Yang
name: Gao, Baofeng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Gyrokinetic simulations in the collisionless limit demonstrate the physical mechanisms and the amplitude of the current driven by turbulence. Simulation results show the spatio-temporal variation of the turbulence driven current and its connection to the divergence of the Reynolds stress and the turbulence acceleration. Fine structures (a few ion Larmor radii) of the turbulence induced current are observed near the rational surfaces with the arbitrary wavelength solver of the quasi-neutrality equation. The divergence of the Reynolds stress plays a major role in the generation of these fine structures. The so-called "spontaneous" current is featured with large local magnitude near the rational surfaces.
description: 21pages, 20figures
Uncovering spatio-temporal patterns in semiconductor superlattices by efficient data processing tools
Creators: name: Terragni, F.
name: Bonilla, L. L.
name: Vega, J. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Time periodic patterns in a semiconductor superlattice, relevant to microwave generation, are obtained upon numerical integration of a known set of drift-diffusion equations. The associated spatio-temporal transport mechanisms are uncovered by applying (to the computed data) two recent data processing tools, known as the higher order dynamic mode decomposition and the spatio-temporal Koopman decomposition. Outcomes include a clear identification of the asymptotic self-sustained oscillations of the current density (isolated from the transient dynamics) and an accurate description of the electric field traveling pulse in terms of its dispersion diagram. In addition, a preliminary version of a novel data-driven reduced order model is constructed, which allows for extremely fast online simulations of the system response over a range of different configurations.
description: 42 pages, 21 figures, preprint version
Hair Analysis: An Innovative Biomonitoring Tool to Assess Human Exposure to Tri-Cresyl-Phosphate (TCP)
Creators: name: Peynet, Vincent
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: ACA2017
ACA2017-PRE

description: -
description: This is a presentation from the International Aircraft Cabin Air Conference 2017 (Imperial College, London, 19-20 September 2017)
J/$\psi$ production in p-Pb collisions measured with ALICE at the LHC
Creators: name: Winn, M.
name: Andronic, A.
name: Arsene, I.
name: Blume, C.
name: Book, J.
name: Braun-Munzinger, P.
name: Maire, A.
name: Stachel, J.
name: Weber, S.
name: Wiechula, J.
Publisher: name: GSI Helmholtzzentrum fuer Schwerionenforschung, Darmstadt
Year: 2014
Subjects: Physics

description: GSI Scientific Report 2013 - GSI Report 2014-1
Alignment Dynamics of Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes in Pulsed Ultrahigh Magnetic Fields
Creators: name: Shaver, J.
name: Parra-Vasquez, A. N. G.
name: Hansel, S.
name: Portugall, O.
name: Mielke, C. H.
name: von Ortenberg, M.
name: Hauge, R. H.
name: Pasquali, M.
name: Kono, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have measured the dynamic alignment properties of single-walled carbon nanotube (SWNT) suspensions in pulsed high magnetic fields through linear dichroism spectroscopy. Millisecond-duration pulsed high magnetic fields up to 56 T as well as microsecond-duration pulsed ultrahigh magnetic fields up to 166 T were used. Due to their anisotropic magnetic properties, SWNTs align in an applied magnetic field, and because of their anisotropic optical properties, aligned SWNTs show linear dichroism. The characteristics of their overall alignment depend on several factors, including the viscosity and temperature of the suspending solvent, the degree of anisotropy of nanotube magnetic susceptibilities, the nanotube length distribution, the degree of nanotube bundling, and the strength and duration of the applied magnetic field. In order to explain our data, we have developed a theoretical model based on the Smoluchowski equation for rigid rods that accurately reproduces the salient features of the experimental data.
description: 20 pages, 6 figures
Evolution of Data Formats in Very-High-Energy Gamma-ray Astronomy
Creators: name: Nigro, C.
name: Hassan, T.
name: Olivera-Nieto, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Most major scientific results produced by ground-based gamma-ray telescopes in the last 30 years have been obtained by expert members of the collaborations operating these instruments. This is due to the proprietary data and software policies adopted by these collaborations. However, the advent of the next generation of telescopes and their operation as observatories open to the astronomical community, along with a generally increasing demand for open science, confront gamma-ray astronomers with the challenge of sharing their data and analysis tools. As a consequence, in the last few years, the development of open-source science tools has progressed in parallel with the endeavour to define a standardised data format for astronomical gamma-ray data. The latter constitutes the main topic of this review. Common data specifications provide equally important benefits to the current and future generation of gamma-ray instruments: they allow the data from different instruments, including legacy data from decommissioned telescopes, to be easily combined and analysed within the same software framework. In addition, standardised data accessible to the public, and analysable with open-source software, grant fully-reproducible results. In this article we provide an overview of the evolution of the data format for gamma-ray astronomical data, focusing on its progression from private and diverse specifications to prototypical open and standardised ones. The latter have already been successfully employed in a number of publications paving the way to the analysis of data from the next generation of gamma-ray instruments, and to an open and reproducible way of conducting gamma-ray astronomy.
description: Accepted for publication in the Special Issue "High-Energy Gamma-Ray Astronomy: Results on Fundamental Questions after 30 Years of Ground-Based Observations" Universe MDPI https://www.mdpi.com/journal/universe/special_issues/gamma-ray_astronomyhttps://www.mdpi.com/journal/universe/special_issues/gamma-ray_astronomy