cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
NimbleChain: Speeding up cryptocurrencies in general-purpose permissionless blockchains
Creators: name: Silva, Paulo
name: Matos, Miguel
name: Barreto, João
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Nakamoto's seminal work gave rise to permissionless blockchains -- as well as a wide range of proposals to mitigate their performance shortcomings. Despite substantial throughput and energy efficiency achievements, most proposals only bring modest (or marginal) gains in transaction commit latency. Consequently, commit latencies in today's permissionless blockchain landscape remain prohibitively high. This paper proposes NimbleChain, a novel algorithm that extends permissionless blockchains based on Nakamoto consensus with a fast path that delivers causal promises of commitment, or simply promises. Since promises only partially order transactions, their latency is only a small fraction of the totally-ordered commitment latency of Nakamoto consensus. Still, the weak consistency guarantees of promises are strong enough to correctly implement cryptocurrencies. To the best of our knowledge, NimbleChain is the first system to bring together fast, partially-ordered transactions with consensus-based, totally-ordered transactions in a permissionless setting. This hybrid consistency model is able to speed up cryptocurrency transactions while still supporting smart contracts, which typically have (strong) sequential consistency needs. We implement NimbleChain as an extension of Ethereum and evaluate it in a 500-node geo-distributed deployment. The results show NimbleChain can promise a cryptocurrency transactions up to an order of magnitude faster than a vanilla Ethereum implementation, with marginal overheads.
Shannon Entropy and Herfindahl-Hirschman Index as Team's Performance and Competitive Balance Indicators in Cyclist Multi-Stage Races
Creators: name: Ausloos, Marcel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It seems that one cannot find many papers relating entropy to sport competitions. Thus, in this paper, I use (i) the Shannon intrinsic entropy ($S$) as an indicator of "teams sporting value" (or "competition performance") and (ii) the Herfindahl-Hirschman index (HHi) index as a "teams competitive balance" indicator, in the case of (professional) cyclist multi-stage races. The 2022 Tour de France and 2023 Tour of Oman are used for numerical illustrations and discussion. The numerical values are obtained from classical and and new ranking indices which measure the teams "final time", on one hand, and "final place", on the other hand, based on the "best three" riders in each stage, but also the corresponding times and places throughout the race, for these finishing riders. The analysis data demonstrates that the constraint, "only the finishing riders count", makes much sense for obtaining a more objective measure of "team value" and team performance", at the end of a multi-stage race. A graphical analysis allows to distinguish various team levels, with in each a Feller-Pareto distribution, thereby pointing to self-organized processes. In so doing, one hopefully better relates objective scientific measures to sport team competitions, and, besides, even proposes some paths to elaborate on forecasting through standard probability concepts.
description: 25pages, 1 Table, 12 figures, 22 references; submitted to Entropy
Nonparaxial Near-nondiffracting Accelerating Optical Beams
Creators: name: Lai, Ru-Yu
name: Zhou, Ting
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35Q60, 35Q61

description: We show that new families of accelerating and almost nondiffracting beams (solutions) for Maxwell's equations can be constructed. These are complex geometrical optics (CGO) solutions to Maxwell's equations with nonlinear limiting Carleman weights. They have the form of wave packets that propagate along circular trajectories while almost preserving a transverse intensity profile. We also show similar waves constructed using the approach combining CGO solutions and the Kelvin transform.
description: 21 pages
Stellar spots cause measurable variations in atmospheric metallicity
Creators: name: Wilson, Tanner A.
name: Casey, Andrew R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: To accurately measure a star's atmospheric parameters and chemical abundances, it is crucial to have high-quality spectra. Analysing the detailed chemical abundances of groups of stars can help us better understand nucleosynthesis, galactic chemical enrichment, and stellar evolution. In this study, we explored whether stellar spots can affect a star's inferred metallicity and, if so, where the impact is the strongest. To investigate this, we created synthetic infrared spectra that included stellar spots for a sample of main-sequence stars younger than the sun. We then applied two models to the data: one that accounted for spots and one that did not. From this, we can determine the bias introduced when fitting spotted spectra with a non-spotted model and how this bias varies with different parameters. Our findings revealed that fitting spotted spectra with a non-spotted model can introduce a scatter of up to 0.05 dex in the inferred metallicity, especially for stars with high levels of spot coverage. This bias is similar in magnitude to other relevant effects, such as atomic diffusion, radiative levitation, or non-local thermodynamic equilibrium. We also found that the effect is most pronounced in young stars and decreases with age. These results suggest that stellar spots can introduce a systematic uncertainty in metallicity that is not currently accounted for in spectroscopic analysis. This could potentially limit scientific inferences for population-level studies of young stars and differential abundance analyses.
description: 9 pages, 7 Figures
ADI type preconditioners for the steady state inhomogeneous Vlasov equation
Creators: name: Gasteiger, Markus
name: Einkemmer, Lukas
name: Ostermann, Alexander
name: Tskhakaya, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The purpose of the current work is to find numerical solutions of the steady state inhomogeneous Vlasov equation. This problem has a wide range of applications in the kinetic simulation of non-thermal plasmas. However, the direct application of either time stepping schemes or iterative methods (such as Krylov based methods like GMRES or relexation schemes) is computationally expensive. In the former case the slowest timescale in the system forces us to perform a long time integration while in the latter case a large number of iterations is required. In this paper we propose a preconditioner based on an ADI type splitting method. This preconditioner is then combined with both GMRES and Richardson iteration. The resulting numerical schemes scale almost ideally (i.e. the computational effort is proportional to the number of grid points). Numerical simulations conducted show that this can result in a speedup of close to two orders of magnitude (even for intermediate grid sizes) with respect to the not preconditioned case. In addition, we discuss the characteristics of these numerical methods and show the results for a number of numerical simulations.
A Systematic Evaluation of Sensory Feedback in Upper Limb Prosthetics
Creators: name: Sharpe, Jennifer Alexandra
name: Rackerby, Robin
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Engineering
subject: Neuroscience and Neurobiology
subject: Life Sciences
subject: Biomedical Engineering and Bioengineering

description: This project is a systematic review focusing on sensory feedback in upper limb prosthetics to determine gaps in the current literature with respect to the clinical and engineering fields.
Infrared Image Super-Resolution via Heterogeneous Convolutional WGAN
Creators: name: Huang, Yongsong
name: Jiang, Zetao
name: Wang, Qingzhong
name: Jiang, Qi
name: Pang, Guoming
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Image super-resolution is important in many fields, such as surveillance and remote sensing. However, infrared (IR) images normally have low resolution since the optical equipment is relatively expensive. Recently, deep learning methods have dominated image super-resolution and achieved remarkable performance on visible images; however, IR images have received less attention. IR images have fewer patterns, and hence, it is difficult for deep neural networks (DNNs) to learn diverse features from IR images. In this paper, we present a framework that employs heterogeneous convolution and adversarial training, namely, heterogeneous kernel-based super-resolution Wasserstein GAN (HetSRWGAN), for IR image super-resolution. The HetSRWGAN algorithm is a lightweight GAN architecture that applies a plug-and-play heterogeneous kernel-based residual block. Moreover, a novel loss function that employs image gradients is adopted, which can be applied to an arbitrary model. The proposed HetSRWGAN achieves consistently better performance in both qualitative and quantitative evaluations. According to the experimental results, the whole training process is more stable.
description: To be published in the 18th Pacific Rim International Conference on Artificial Intelligence (PRICAI-2021)
Loop Quantum Cosmology Gravitational Baryogenesis
Creators: name: Odintsov, S. D.
name: Oikonomou, V. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Loop Quantum Cosmology is an appealing quantum completion of classical cosmology, which brings along various theoretical features which in many cases offer remedy or modify various classical cosmology aspects. In this paper we address the gravitational baryogenesis mechanism in the context of Loop Quantum Cosmology. As we demonstrate, when Loop Quantum Cosmology effects are taken into account in the resulting Friedmann equations for a flat Friedmann-Robertson-Walker Universe, then even for a radiation dominated Universe, the predicted baryon-to-entropy ratio from the gravitational baryogenesis mechanism is non-zero, in contrast to the Einstein-Hilbert case, in which case the baryon-to-entropy ratio is zero. We also discuss various other cases apart from the radiation domination case, and we discuss how the baryon-to-entropy ratio is affected from the parameters of the quantum theory. In addition, we use illustrative exact solutions of Loop Quantum Cosmology and we investigate under which circumstances the baryon-to-entropy ratio can be compatible with the observational constraints.
Super resolution computational saturated absorption microscopy
Creators: name: Murray, Gabe
name: Field, Jeff
name: Stockton, Patrick
name: Pezeshki, Ali
name: Squier, Jeff
name: Bartels, Randy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Imaging beyond the diffraction limit barrier has attracted wide attention due to the ability to resolve image features that were previously hidden. Of the various super-resolution microscopy techniques available, a particularly simple method called saturated excitation microscopy (SAX) requires only a simple modification of a laser scanning microscope where the illumination beam power is sinusoidally modulated and driven into saturation. SAX images are extracted from harmonics of the modulation frequency and exhibit improved spatial resolution. Unfortunately, this elegant strategy is hindered by the incursion of shot noise that prevents high resolution imaging in many realistic scenarios. Here, we demonstrate a new technique for super resolution imaging that we call computational saturated absorption (CSA) in which a joint deconvolution is applied to a set of images with diversity in spatial frequency support among the point spread functions used in the image formation with saturated laser scanning fluorescence microscope. CSA microscopy allows access to the high spatial frequency diversity in a set of saturated effective point spread functions, while avoiding image degradation from shot noise.
description: 26 pages, 15 figures
Open Science - Kollaboration - Methodentransparenz: Als Praktiken einer Computational Theology?
Creators: name: Wuttke, Ulrike
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Open Science
Digital Humanities
Open Humanities

description: Keynote gehalten am 14.09.2023 während des Workshops Computational Theology THEO_LAB | FEST | Universität Heidelberg (Link zum Programm)
CCG scoping workshop - Whole energy system model - Zambia, April 27th 2023
Creators: name: Pye, Steve
name: Tembo, Bernard
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: This presentation was used for the Climate Compatible Growth (CCG) model scoping workshop held in Lusaka, Zambia, on April 27th 2023. The workshop concerned scoping out a project on OSeMOSYS model development in partnership with Zambian stakeholders, including the Ministry of Energy and University of Zambia (UNZA).
description: This material has been produced with support from the Climate Compatible Growth (CCG) programme. CCG is funded by UK aid from the UK government. Views expressed herein do not necessarily reflect the UK government's official policies.
Quantum Criticality of Anti-ferromagnetism and Superconductivity with Relativity
Creators: name: Liu, Hanqing
name: Huffman, Emilie
name: Chandrasekharan, Shailesh
name: Kaul, Ribhu K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study a quantum phase transition from a massless to massive Dirac fermion phase in a new two-dimensional bipartite lattice model of electrons that is amenable to sign-free quantum Monte Carlo simulations. Importantly, interactions in our model are not only invariant under $\SU(2)$ symmetries of spin and charge like the Hubbard model, but they also preserve an Ising like electron spin-charge flip symmetry. From unbiased fermion bag Monte Carlo simulations with up to 2304 sites, we show that the massive fermion phase spontaneously breaks this Ising symmetry, picking either anti-ferromagnetism or superconductivity and that the transition at which both orders are simultaneously quantum critical, belongs to a new "chiral spin-charge symmetric" universality class. We explain our observations using effective potential and renormalization group calculations within the framework of a continuum field theory.
description: 12 pages, 6 figures, correction to flow equations
Data Collections Explorer – An Easy-to-Use Tool for Sharing and Discovering Research Data
Creators: name: Ost, Philipp
name: Shakeel, Yusra
name: Tögel, Philipp
Publisher: name: Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT)
Year: 2023
Subjects: NFDI
NFDI4Ing
NFDI-MatWerk
CoRDI

description: There is a wide variety of archives, databases, and repositories currently available that pro-vide access to research data. However, basic information about these systems is often diffi-cult to gather, such as whether there are limits to the size of data sets that can be published or whether there is any publication fee that applies. In addition to that, there are plenty of re-search groups publishing their research data sets independently of these infrastructures, making it difficult for scientists to find them since they are not centrally registered. Research data must be easily discoverable and accessible for scientists to use it effectively. The Data Collections Explorer, developed within the national research data infrastructure for the engineering sciences NFDI4Ing, is an easy-to-use information system addressing these needs. It is a low threshold information system that provides an overview of research data repositories, archives, databases as well as individually published data sets. Similar systems exist in other subject areas, for example the Data Repository Finder focusing on the medi-cal, life and social sciences. Contrary to the Data Collections Explorer, the Data Repository Finder only lists repositories. This is the slide set for the talk as part of the "Engineering Sciences" track at the 1st Conference on Research Data Infrastructures.
Thematic analysis in social media influencers: who are they following and why?
Creators: name: Alves de Castro, Charles
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 350604
subject: Marketing communications
classificationCode: 470101
subject: Communication studies
classificationCode: 470199
subject: Communication and media studies not elsewhere classified

description: The focus of this study is to holistically analyse the influence of social media influencers' content on young people's lives in Ireland. To address this main objective, this study aimed to answer the following research question: Who are the five preferred influencers that this young sample follows and what are their motives for following them? To answer this research question, this study analyzed two free-answer questions that were part of a longer questionnaire via thematic analysis using NVivo. This study's sample population comprised 81 participants between 16 and 26 years old, part of the Generation Z cohort and living in Ireland. The results of the analysis indicated five main motives that make this young sample follow their preferred social media influencers. Furthermore, the findings in this study confirm that the sample is susceptible to being influenced by SMIs in different contexts. In this regard, three drivers play a crucial role consist of parasocial relationship, trust, and relatability. Finally, the insights discovered in this research can provide essential information to marketers to support the development of more effective marketing communication strategies. Link: https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcomm.2023.1217684/full?utm_source=F-NTF&utm_medium=EMLX&utm_campaign=PRD_FEOPS_20170000_ARTICLE
$τ$-Tilting Theory and $τ$-Slices
Creators: name: Treffinger, Hipolito
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Comparing the module categories of an algebra and of the endomorphism algebra of a given support $τ$-tilting module, we give a generalization of the Brenner-Butler's tilting theorem in the framework of $τ$-tilting theory. Afterwards we define $τ$-slices and prove that complete slices of tilted algebras and local slices of cluster tilted algebras are examples of complete $τ$-slices. Then we apply this concept to the study of simply connected tilted algebras. Finally, we study the one-point extensions and the split-by-nilpotent extensions of an algebra with $τ$-slices.
Improving the Deconvolution of Spectrum at Finite Temperature via Neural Network
Creators: name: Xie, Haidong
name: Xiang, Xueshuang
name: Chen, Yuanqing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the study of condensed matter physics, spectral information plays an important role for understand the mechanism of materials. However, it is difficult to obtain the spectrum directly through experiments or simulation. For example, the spectral information deconvoluted by scanning tunneling spectroscopy suffers from the temperature broadening effect, which is ill-posed and makes the deconvolution result unstable. To solve this problem, the core idea of existing methods, such as the maximum entropy method, tends to select appropriate regularization to suppress unstable oscillations. However, the choice of regularization is difficult, and the oscillation has not been completely eliminated. We think non-uniform sampling is the core improvement direction, combined with stochastic optimization and deep learning, we introduce a neural network based discretization scheme to solve the deconvolution problem. Due to the neural network can represent any piece-wise linear function, our method replace the target spectrum by network and can find a better approximation solution through optimization accurate and efficient. Experiments on theoretical datasets about superconductors demonstrate that the gap is estimated to be more accurate and oscillating less, plugin real experimental data, our approach can get clearer results for material analysis.
description: 18pages, 5figures
Can Courts Empower Civil Society? Public Interest Litigation and the Public Sphere in India
Creators: name: Dembowski, Hans
Publisher: name: Asien
Year: 2022

description: This essay assesses empirical cases of environmental litigation in Calcutta. It argues that the judiciary in India is giving non-governmental activists some leverage over an otherwise uncontrolled state apparatus but that this has only limited results in terms of improving the living conditions of the people at large. The courts are inspiring HOPE for the alleviation of grievances, but so far do not inspire TRUST in institutions of democratic government. After brief elaboration on the theory ofgovernance, the first section of this essay will examine Calcutta's bleak ecological situation and link it to official agencies' malfunctioning. Sections two and three will provide case studies of public interest litigation before the local High Court and the Supreme Court of India. The conclusion in section four will then return to the general issue of governance, civil society, and public sphere.
description: Asien, Nr. 77 (2000): ASIEN (Oktober)
Why should we care about quantum discord?
Creators: name: Brodutch, Aharon
name: Terno, Daniel R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Entanglement is a central feature of quantum theory. Mathematical properties and physical applications of pure state entanglement make it a template to study quantum correlations. However, an extension of entanglement measures to mixed states in terms of separability does not always correspond to all the operational aspects. Quantum discord measures allow an alternative way to extend the idea of quantum correlations to mixed states. In many cases these extensions are motivated by physical scenarios and quantum information protocols. In this chapter we discuss several settings involving correlated quantum systems, ranging from distributed gates to detectors testing quantum fields. In each setting we show how entanglement fails to capture the relevant features of the correlated system, and discuss the role of discord as a possible alternative.
description: Written for "Lectures on general quantum correlations and their applications"
Japan zwischen Globalisierung und Isolation. Das Ende der kulturellen "Einsamkeit"?
Creators: name: Antoni, Klaus
Publisher: name: ASIEN: The German Journal on Contemporary Asia
Year: 2022

description: Japan's position in rapidly globalizing world is frequently described as extremely problematic. Is the country forever condemned to "secluded" lonesome existence between east and west, without genuine ties to her East Asian neighbors as well as to the western world, as it is argued for example by the influential American writer Samuel Huntington? Or has the time come for Japan's turning away from the west as the popular nationalistic Japanese politician Ishihara Shintard declares? Nevertheless, at precise consideration, the present Japanese crisis situation seems not that hopeless, but offers new chances for creative and active role for Japan to play internationally. An obviously changing and opening Japanese society can substantially contribute to globalized, heterogeneous "world culture". The syncretism, dominating Japan'spremodern intellectual history, provided valid cultural pattern to include and integrate various cultural elements from the outside world. This authentic cultural model of Japan seems to be far better adapted to the demands of "postmodern" globalizing world than the historically much younger idea of culturally isolated and "homogeneous" Japan.
description: ASIEN: The German Journal on Contemporary Asia, Nr. 77 (2000): ASIEN (Oktober)
Discovery of an Extremely Intermittent Periodic Radio Source
Creators: name: Surnis, M. P.
name: Rajwade, K. M.
name: Stappers, B. W.
name: Younes, G.
name: Bezuidenhout, M. C.
name: Caleb, M.
name: Driessen, L. N.
name: Jankowski, F.
name: Malenta, M.
name: Morello, V.
name: Sanidas, S.
name: Barr, E.
name: Kramer, M.
name: Fender, R.
name: Woudt, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the serendipitous discovery of an extremely intermittent radio pulsar, PSR J1710-3452, with a relatively long spin period of 10.4 s. The object was discovered through the detection of 97 bright radio pulses in only one out of 66 epochs of observations spanning almost three years. The bright pulses have allowed the source to be localised to a precision of 0.5" through radio imaging. We observed the source location with the Swift X-ray telescope but did not detect any significant X-ray emission. We did not identify any high-energy bursts or multi-frequency counterparts for this object. The solitary epoch of detection hinders the calculation of the surface magnetic field strength, but the long period and the microstructure in the single-pulses resembles the emission of radio-loud magnetars. If this is indeed a magnetar, it is located at a relatively high Galactic latitude (2.9 degree), making it potentially one of the oldest and the most intermittent magnetars known in the Galaxy. The very short activity window of this object is unique and may point towards a yet undetected population of long period, highly transient radio emitting neutron stars.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS Letters. Minor correction in the current version
Kosovokrieg und seine Auswirkungen auf die chinesische Außenpolitik
Creators: name: Lian, Yu-Ru
Publisher: name: ASIEN: The German Journal on Contemporary Asia
Year: 2022

description: Whereas official state representatives like the Chinese Foreign Minister Tang condemned the intervention of NATOmilitaryforces in the Kosovo as an aggression against sovereign state, academics in China tried to understand the reason ofthe war, the specific role of NATO and USA as well as possible repercussions on the international system. Even after the bombing of the Chinese embassy in Belgrade the fundamental character of the Chinese foreign policy will not change. It is founded on the principle of "taoguang yanghui", given by Deng Xiaoping after the end of the East-West-confrontation. China tries to secure it sovereignty, to build up multipolar international world order, and to negotiate multiple bilateral partnerships. But there are also voices inside China to strengthen its role as great power in the 21st century.
description: ASIEN: The German Journal on Contemporary Asia, Nr. 77 (2000): ASIEN (Oktober)
[ARTICLE] Open Source Reimagines the Traditional Keyboard (www.opensource.com / MIT PubPub Open Design Magazine | 2023)
Creators: name: Teia, Luis
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 400902
subject: Digital electronic devices
classificationCode: 400905
subject: Electronic instrumentation
classificationCode: 400999
subject: Electronics, sensors and digital hardware not elsewhere classified
classificationCode: 400904
subject: Electronic device and system performance evaluation, testing and simulation
classificationCode: 401001
subject: Engineering design
classificationCode: 401002
subject: Engineering education
classificationCode: 390399
subject: Education systems not elsewhere classified

description: After one-hundred years of evolution in typewriting capability, our keyboard layout remains essentially the same: A rectangular board with apparently random clustered keys. Why is this, and how can we do better?This open-source article aims at exploring the reason, and subsequentially show how our disfunctional orthogonal keyboard can be transformed into a logic and intuitive circular one-handed keyboard.It was first published for free on the opensource.com platform, and subsequentialy in the MIT PubPub Open Design Magazine platform.-------------------------------------------------------------------------For more public data, please visit my Figshare profile: https://figshare.com/authors/Luis_Teia/10811244
Die Bombardierung der chinesischen Botschaft in Belgrad
Creators: name: Wagener, Martin
Publisher: name: ASIEN: The German Journal on Contemporary Asia
Year: 2022

description: The bombardment of the Chinese embassy in Belgrade during the war over Kosovo has demonstrated how fragile the Sino-American relationship is. The consequences of this incident which could aptly be named the "Tiananmen of the USA will be perceived for long time. On the one hand, Beijing has now bigger mistrust of Washington. On the other hand, the Chinese leadership considers the destruction of its diplomatic mission as window of opportunity which can be used as political instrument. In the light of these events, cooperation between the two antagonists of the Asia-Pacific region will not become easier. Until today, strategists of the Middle Kingdom cannot believe that the raid of an Ameri can B-2 bomber was really tragic mistake. One reason for this is the inability of the Clinton administration to eliminate speculations about an intended attack. Indeed, many questions remain without satisfying answer: How was it possible, for example, that the CIA had only chosen one target during the whole NATO intervention, and that was just the Chinese embassy?
description: ASIEN: The German Journal on Contemporary Asia, Nr. 77 (2000): ASIEN (Oktober)
The 'spectral index-flux density relation' for extragalactic radio sources selected at metre and decametre wavelengths
Creators: name: Dabhade, Pratik
name: Gopal-Krishna
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use the recent releases of sensitive VLA/LOFAR large-area surveys at 340 MHz and 54 MHz, in conjunction with the 1.4 GHz NVSS, to accurately determine the `spectral index - flux density relation' ($α$ - S) for extragalactic radio sources selected at metre and decametre wavelengths, the latter for the first time. This newly determined $α$ - S$_{\rm 340~MHz}$ relation shows a progressive flattening of $α_{\rm median}$ towards lower flux densities, starting from its steepest value (peak)occurring near S$_{\rm 340~MHz}$ $\sim$ 1-2 Jy. This resolves the controversy extant in the literature since the 1980s. The $α$ - S$_{\rm 54~MHz}$ relation, too, shows a spectral index flattening with decreasing flux density which, however, is significantly milder and the relation is less sharply peaked than that found at 340 MHz. A possible reason for the difference could be that the 54 MHz sample has a distinctly stronger/conspicuous presence ( at $\sim$ 20% level) of very steep spectrum sources having $α_{54}^{1400} <$ -1.3, most of which are probably associated with clusters of galaxies.
description: Accepted for Publication in A&A Letters. 4 Figures and 2 tables. Comments are welcome
[ARTICLE] Open Source Reimagines the Traditional Keyboard (www.opensource.com / MIT PubPub Open Source Design | 2023)
Creators: name: Teia, Luis
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 400902
subject: Digital electronic devices
classificationCode: 400905
subject: Electronic instrumentation
classificationCode: 400999
subject: Electronics, sensors and digital hardware not elsewhere classified
classificationCode: 400904
subject: Electronic device and system performance evaluation, testing and simulation
classificationCode: 401001
subject: Engineering design
classificationCode: 401002
subject: Engineering education
classificationCode: 390399
subject: Education systems not elsewhere classified

description: After one-hundred years of evolution in typewriting capability, our keyboard layout remains essentially the same: A rectangular board with apparently random clustered keys. Why is this, and how can we do better?This article aims at exploring the reason, and subsequentially to show how our disfunctional orthogonal keyboard can be transformed into a logic and intuitive circular one-handed keyboard.It was first published on the opensource.com platform, and subsequentialy in the MIT PubPub Open Design Magazine platform.-------------------------------------------------------------------------For more public data, please visit my Figshare profile: https://figshare.com/authors/Luis_Teia/10811244
Circuit Complexity in $\mathcal{Z}_{2}$ ${\cal EEFT}$
Creators: name: Adhikari, Kiran
name: Choudhury, Sayantan
name: Kumar, Sourabh
name: Mandal, Saptarshi
name: Pandey, Nilesh
name: Roy, Abhishek
name: Sarkar, Soumya
name: Sarker, Partha
name: Shariff, Saadat Salman
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Motivated by recent studies of circuit complexity in weakly interacting scalar field theory, we explore the computation of circuit complexity in $\mathcal{Z}_2$ Even Effective Field Theories ($\mathcal{Z}_2$ EEFTs). We consider a massive free field theory with higher-order Wilsonian operators such as $ϕ^{4}$, $ϕ^{6}$ and $ϕ^8.$ To facilitate our computation we regularize the theory by putting it on a lattice. First, we consider a simple case of two oscillators and later generalize the results to $N$ oscillators. The study has been carried out for nearly Gaussian states. In our computation, the reference state is an approximately Gaussian unentangled state, and the corresponding target state, calculated from our theory, is an approximately Gaussian entangled state. We compute the complexity using the geometric approach developed by Nielsen, parameterizing the path ordered unitary transformation and minimizing the geodesic in the space of unitaries. The contribution of higher-order operators, to the circuit complexity, in our theory has been discussed. We also explore the dependency of complexity with other parameters in our theory for various cases.
description: 35 pages, 5 figures, 3 tables, reference list updated and version modified, Accepted for publication in Symmetry (section: Physics and Symmetry/Asymmetry, Special issue: Symmetry and Geometry in Physics II)
Putting in the effort: Predicting communicative work based on joint communication effort and conceptual affordances (preliminary results and pre-registration)
Creators: name: Pouw, Wim
name: Bogels, Sara
Publisher: name: OSF Registries
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences

description: Pre-registration can be found here: https://osf.io/ukytn Communication is inherently informational in nature. It is about the content, not the medium. It is for this reason we don't shoot the messenger, or we might as well, once the message has been passed. For related reasons, a researcher of communication is generally interested in the information content exchanged between agents. The physical recruitment of articulators is generally seen as ‘conducting’ or ‘carrying’ the linguistic information (Saussure, 2011). While on some levels of analysis we find these assertions simply trivially true as the concept of information is designed to transcend the medium, it is important to point out that communicating is a very physical affair too, requiring effortful coordination of articulators in ways constrained by the body, cognition, language, and social interaction (Thibault, 2021). In the present study we focus on whether we can predict and characterize communicative work performed between people by the effortful resources recruited for coordination of linguistic acts for communication. Communicative “work”, as defined in the current context, is the communicative effort that contributes to a change in perspectives of the interlocutors. Since not all effort translates into communicative change, work is not the same as effort. To operationalize work, we quantify communicative effort, together with initial conditions that will affect the likelihood that effort will result in communicative work. Here, we report initial exploratory results from a task-based interactive dataset, which form the basis for a pre-registration of a confirmatory study. If our preliminary results are on track and replicable in our confirmatory study, we show that, under the right circumstances, work can be statistically captured based on (1) very basic automated measurements of communicative effort and (2) complexity of communicative goals, which we refer to as conceptual affordances. This study therefore may prove valuable by showcasing a simple operationalization of work, tapping into the likelihood that putting in the effort has led to communicative progress. As a secondary goal, we also sharpen the concept of communicative work, so that is not to be equated with communicative effort.
Strategische Irrtümer: Eine kritische betrachtung der dominierenden Ansätze zur Gestaltung der Sicherheitsordnung in Ostasien
Creators: name: Xuewu, Gu
Publisher: name: ASIEN: The German Journal on Contemporary Asia
Year: 2022

description: This article holds the hypothesis that the four major contending strategic conceptions (the Realpolitik, the neoliberalism, the neoinstitutionalism, and the psychological approach) for shaping of the regional security in Pacific Asia after the Cold War are partly wrong calculated: They are either driven by illusion or based on wrong premise. It argues that valid strategy could be only developed if the following four questions could be answered: (1) How much "balance of power" does East Asia actually need to keep the stability in the region? (2) To what extent could the Asian democratic countries contribute to preventing war in East Asia? (3) What is the strongest motive for East Asian countries to collaborate at the international level? And (4) How to identify the influence of the Pacific "strategic culture" on misperceptions and conflicts in East Asia?
description: ASIEN: The German Journal on Contemporary Asia, Nr. 77 (2000): ASIEN (Oktober)
Physics-Assisted Reduced-Order Modeling for Identifying Dominant Features of Transonic Buffet
Creators: name: Wang, Jing
name: Xie, Hairun
name: Zhang, Miao
name: Xu, Hui
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Transonic buffet is a flow instability phenomenon that arises from the interaction between the shock wave and the separated boundary layer. This flow phenomenon is considered to be highly detrimental during flight and poses a significant risk to the structural strength and fatigue life of aircraft. Up to now, there has been a lack of an accurate, efficient, and intuitive metric to predict buffet and impose a feasible constraint on aerodynamic design. In this paper, a Physics-Assisted Variational Autoencoder (PAVAE) is proposed to identify dominant features of transonic buffet, which combines unsupervised reduced-order modeling with additional physical information embedded via a buffet classifier. Specifically, four models with various weights adjusting the contribution of the classifier are trained, so as to investigate the impact of buffet information on the latent space. Statistical results reveal that buffet state can be determined exactly with just one latent space when a proper weight of classifier is chosen. The dominant latent space further reveals a strong relevance with the key flow features located in the boundary layers downstream of shock. Based on this identification, the displacement thickness at 80% chordwise location is proposed as a metric for buffet prediction. This metric achieves an accuracy of 98.5% in buffet state classification, which is more reliable than the existing separation metric used in design. The proposed method integrates the benefits of feature extraction, flow reconstruction, and buffet prediction into a unified framework, demonstrating its potential in low-dimensional representations of high-dimensional flow data and interpreting the "black box" neural network.
On the security defects of an image encryption scheme
Creators: name: Li, Chengqing
name: Li, Shujun
name: Asim, Muhammad
name: Nunez, Juana
name: Alvarez, Gonzalo
name: Chen, Guanrong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 94A60

description: This paper studies the security of a recently-proposed chaos-based image encryption scheme, and points out the following problems: 1) there exist a number of invalid keys and weak keys, and some keys are partially equivalent for encryption/decryption; 2) given one chosen plain-image, a subkey $K_{10}$ can be guessed with a smaller computational complexity than that of the simple brute-force attack; 3) given at most 128 chosen plain-images, a chosen-plaintext attack can possibly break the following part of the secret key: $\{K_i\bmod 128\}_{i=4}^{10}$, which works very well when $K_{10}$ is not too large; 4) when $K_{10}$ is relatively small, a known-plaintext attack can be carried out with only one known plain-image to recover some visual information of any other plain-images encrypted by the same key.
description: 14 pages; 8 figures; 5 tables
Saving Endangered Species: Zoos, Museums and Biodiversity Data
Creators: name: Ewing, Rhea
name: Poo, Sinlan
name: Monfils, Anna
Publisher: name: QUBES Educational Resources
Year: 2024

description: Meet Sinlan (Sheila) Poo who works with amphibians at the Memphis Zoo. Learn about Sinlan's research in applied conservation and how they use biodiversity data to study endangered species.
The Last Gasp of Dark Matter Effective Theory
Creators: name: Bruggisser, Sebastian
name: Riva, Francesco
name: Urbano, Alfredo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss an interesting class of models, based on strongly coupled Dark Matter (DM), where sizable effects can be expected in LHC missing energy (MET) searches, compatibly with a large separation of scales. In this case, an effective field theory (EFT) is appropriate (and sometimes necessary) to describe the most relevant interactions at the LHC. The selection rules implied by the structure of the new strong dynamics shape the EFT in an unusual way, revealing the importance of higher-derivative interactions previously ignored. We compare indications from relic density and direct detection experiments with consistent LHC constraints, and asses the relative importance of the latter. Our analysis provides an interesting and well-motivated scenario to model MET at the LHC in terms of a handful of parameters.
description: 27 pages + appendices, 7 figures
The Cosmic Ultraviolet Baryon Survey (CUBS) VI: Connecting Physical Properties of the Cool Circumgalactic Medium to Galaxies at $z\approx 1$
Creators: name: Qu, Zhijie
name: Chen, Hsiao-Wen
name: Rudie, Gwen C.
name: Johnson, Sean D.
name: Zahedy, Fakhri S.
name: DePalma, David
name: Boettcher, Erin
name: Cantalupo, Sebastiano
name: Chen, Mandy C.
name: Cooksey, Kathy L.
name: Faucher-Giguère, Claude-André
name: Li, Jennifer I-Hsiu
name: Lopez, Sebastian
name: Schaye, Joop
name: Simcoe, Robert A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper presents a new sample of 19 unique galaxies and galaxy groups at $z\approx1$ from the CUBS program, which is designated as the CUBSz1 sample. In this CUBSz1 sample, nine galaxies or galaxy groups show absorption features, while ten systems do not have detectable absorption with 2-$σ$ upper limits of log$N$(HeI)/cm$^{-2}\lesssim 13.5$ and log$N$(OV)/cm$^{-2}\lesssim 13.3$. Environmental properties of the galaxies, including galaxy overdensities, the total stellar mass and gravitational potential summed over all nearby neighbors, and the presence of local ionizing sources, are found to have a significant impact on the observed CGM absorption properties. Specifically, massive galaxies and galaxies in overdense regions exhibit a higher rate of incidence of absorption. At the same time, the observed CGM absorption properties in galaxy groups appear to be driven by the galaxy closest to the QSO sightline, rather than by the most massive galaxy or by mass-weighted properties. We introduce a total projected gravitational potential $ψ$, defined as $-ψ/G =\sum M_{\rm halo}/d_{\rm proj}$ summed over all group members, to characterize the overall galaxy environment. This projected gravitational potential correlates linearly with the maximum density detected in each sightline, consistent with higher-pressure gas being confined in deeper gravitational potential wells. In addition, we find that the radial profile of cool gas density exhibits a general decline from the inner regions to the outskirts, being in pressure balance with the hot halo. Finally, we note that the ionizing flux from nearby galaxies can generate an elevated $N$(HI)/$N$(HeI) ratio, which in turn provides a unique diagnostic of possible local sources contributing to the ionizing radiation field.
description: 17 pages, 11 figures and 1 table in the main text; 40 figures and 1 table in the appendix; accepted for publication in MNRAS
An Archive of Spectra from the Mayall Fourier Transform Spectrometer at Kitt Peak
Creators: name: Pilachowski, C. A.
name: Hinkle, K. H.
name: Young, M. D.
name: Dennis, H. B.
name: Gopu, A.
name: Henschel, R.
name: Hayashi, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe the SpArc science gateway for spectral data obtained during the period from 1975 through 1995 at the Kitt Peak National Observatory using the Fourier Transform Spectrometer (FTS) in operation at the Mayall 4-m telescope. SpArc is hosted by Indiana University Bloomington and is available for public access. The archive includes nearly 10,000 individual spectra of more than 800 different astronomical sources including stars, nebulae, galaxies, and Solar System objects. We briefly describe the FTS instrument itself, and summarize the conversion of the original interferograms into spectral data and the process for recovering the data into FITS files. The architecture of the archive is discussed, and the process for retrieving data from the archive is introduced. Sample use cases showing typical FTS spectra are presented.
description: Accepted for publication in the PASP