cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Isotopic enrichment of silicon by high fluence $^{28}$Si$^-$ ion implantation
Creators: name: Holmes, D.
name: Johnson, B. C.
name: Chua, C.
name: Voisin, B.
name: Kocsis, S.
name: Rubanov, S.
name: Robson, S. G.
name: McCallum, J. C.
name: McCamey, D. R
name: Rogge, S.
name: Jamieson, D. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Spins in the `semiconductor vacuum' of silicon-28 ($^{28}$Si) are suitable qubit candidates due to their long coherence times. An isotopically purified substrate of $^{28}$Si is required to limit the decoherence pathway caused by magnetic perturbations from surrounding $^{29}$Si nuclear spins (I=1/2), present in natural Si (nat Si) at an abundance of 4.67%. We isotopically enrich surface layers of nat Si by sputtering using high fluence $^{28}$Si$^-$ implantation. Phosphorus (P) donors implanted into one such $^{28}$Si layer with ~3000 ppm $^{29}$Si, produced by implanting 30 keV $^{28}$Si$^-$ ions at a fluence of 4x10^18 cm^-2, were measured with pulsed electron spin resonance, confirming successful donor activation upon annealing. The mono-exponential decay of the Hahn echo signal indicates a depletion of $^{29}$Si. A coherence time of T2 = 285 +/- 14 us is extracted, which is longer than that obtained in nat Si for similar doping concentrations and can be increased by reducing the P concentration in future. The isotopic enrichment was improved by employing one-for-one ion sputtering using 45 keV $^{28}$Si$^-$ implantation. A fluence of 2.63x10^18 cm^-2 $^{28}$Si$^-$ ions were implanted at this energy into nat Si, resulting in an isotopically enriched surface layer ~100 nm thick; suitable for providing a sufficient volume of $^{28}$Si for donor qubits implanted into the near-surface region. We observe a depletion of $^{29}$Si to 250 ppm as measured by secondary ion mass spectrometry. The impurity content and the crystallization kinetics via solid phase epitaxy are discussed. The $^{28}$Si layer is confirmed to be a single crystal using transmission electron microscopy. This method of Si isotopic enrichment shows promise for incorporating into the fabrication process flow of Si spin qubit devices.
Breeding fine fescues for low maintenance; understanding dollar spot resistance and increasing tolerance to mesotrione
Creators: name: Tate, Trent Matthew
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2019

description: Fine fescues are group of cool-season grasses that are utilized as low maintenance grasses. The three main species most commonly utilized are Chewings fescue (Festuca rubra L. subsp. commutata Markgr.-Dann.), hard fescue (Festuca trachyphylla (Hack.) Hack.), and strong creeping red fescue (Festuca rubra L. subsp. rubra). The objectives of this research were to (i) determine the maternal and reciprocals effects of dollar spot resistance in hard fescue by performing a diallel cross between three resistant endophyte containing and three susceptible endophyte free parents, (ii) determine the physiological behavior of mesotrione associated with differential tolerance levels of three fine fescue species and (iii) to utilize a recurrent selection method to breed for increased tolerance to mesotrione in fine fescues and test the selections in field trials.Maternal and reciprocal effects were significant in the diallel cross of three E+ resistant parents and three E- susceptible parents. All progeny from E+ resistant mothers that got more than 40% dollar spot averaged over the 2 year study did not contain the endophyte. The high maternal inheritance of dollar spot resistance and the maternal inheritance of the Epichlöe festucae fungal endophyte along with demonstration of susceptibility in progeny from an E+ resistant maternal parent that did not get the endophyte suggest the endophyte presence is a major factor in the resistance to dollar spot in hard fescue.In the dose response study, mesotrione tolerance from highest to lowest was: hard > Chewings > strong creeping red fescue. For the absorption study foliar uptake from highest to lowest was: Chewings > strong creeping red > hard fescue, while root absorption was comparable among species. Overall, less foliar uptake and acropetal translocation may be associated with enhanced tolerance of hard fescue to broadcast mesotrione applications compared to Chewings and strong creeping red fescues.A total of 29 fine fescue selections were developed with mesotrione tolerance and evaluated over three generations. The hard fescues were consistently the most tolerant in each generation. The Chewings fescue were the second most tolerant group in the first and second generations and the strong creeping red fescues were the least tolerant in the first and second generations. In the third generation one strong creeping red fescue selection was ranked 5th overall for mesotrione injury behind two third generation hard fescue selections.
Simulations of the interaction of cold gas with radio jets
Creators: name: Krause, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A new scenario for the interaction of a jet with a background medium with cold clouds is investigated by means of hydrodynamic turbulence simulations with cooling. The idea is that the cold clouds are overtaken by a radio cocoon and stirred up by turbulence in this cocoon. The 2D multiphase turbulence simulations contain all the three gas phases and have a number of interesting properties. The produced power spectrum is proportional to the inverse square of the wavevector. The Mach number - density relation may explain the observed velocities in emission line gas associated with radio galaxies. The model also explains the increased optical visibility within the radio structures, the correlation between emission line and radio luminosity, and the evolution of the alignment effect with source size. I also propose this to be a useful model for the recently discovered neutral outflows in nearby radio sources.
description: Contribution to the proceedings of "The Fate of Gas in Galaxies", Dwingeloo, July 2006, 8 pages 6 figures. To appear in New Astronomy Reviews, Vol. 51 (2007), eds. Morganti, Oosterloo, Villar-Martin & van Gorkom
Essays in Education Policy: Accountability, Achievement, and Access
Creators: name: Hemelt, Steven W.
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2009
Subjects: accountability
education economics
teachers
tuition increases

description: Over the past decade, education policy in America has received considerable media, academic, and political attention. This renewed attention has been brought on by the growing economic and social importance of education. With this increasing importance came closer scrutiny into how well students, teachers, and the system at large are performing. In this series of essays, I examine three questions in K-12 and higher education that inform this overarching concern. In the first essay, I explore whether the sanctions outlined in the most important piece of federal education legislation in the past quarter decade, NCLB (No Child Left Behind), improve students' academic performance. Using panel data on Maryland schools, I exploit the manner in which schools are flagged as failures to estimate the achievement impacts of a few specific consequences of failure. While I find that failure and the sanctions tied to poor performance have no or negative impacts on future school-level performance, the threat of possible failure derived from almost but not quite failing may motivate increased performance in passing schools. Second, I turn to educational inputs and examine the role of teacher absences in student performance as well as racial/ethnic achievement gaps at the high school level. I explore the learning impacts of both the marginal missed day as well as of higher levels of teacher absence. I also characterize the magnitudes of current gaps in math and reading performance across student racial/ethnic subgroups. I find evidence across schools that more teacher absences lead to lower student performance; yet, controlling for school quality severely diminishes these negative impacts. In the final essay, I describe the substantial increases in college tuition costs that took place over the past decade and a half. I then examine student enrollment response to exceptionally large year-to-year tuition increases. While I find some evidence that students respond in disproportionate ways to very large tuition increases, there is considerable heterogeneity across different types of public four-year institutions in this response. Finally, I use parameters estimated in this essay to predict the short- and long-run revenue implications of large tuition hikes for the average institution.
Effect of Inhomogeneity in Translocation of Polymers through Nanopores
Creators: name: Kotsev, Stanislav
name: Kolomeisky, Anatoly B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The motion of polymers with inhomogeneous structure through nanopores is discussed theoretically. Specifically, we consider the translocation dynamics of polymers consisting of double-stranded and single-stranded blocks. Since only the single-stranded chain can go through the nanopore the double-stranded segment has to unzip before the translocation. Utilizing a simple analytical model, translocation times are calculated explicitly for different polymer orientations, i.e., when the single-stranded block enters the pore first and when the double-stranded segment is a leading one. The dependence of the translocation dynamics on external fields, energy of interaction in the double-stranded segment, size of the polymer and the fraction of double-stranded monomers is analyzed. It is found that the order of entrance into the pore has a significant effect on the translocation dynamics. The theoretical results are discussed using free-energy landscape arguments.
description: 12 pages, 5 figures, submitted to J. Chem. Phys
The Form Factors of the Gauge-Invariant Three-Gluon Vertex
Creators: name: Binger, Michael
name: Brodsky, Stanley J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The gauge-invariant three-gluon vertex obtained from the pinch technique is characterized by thirteen nonzero form factors, which are given in complete generality for unbroken gauge theory at one loop. The results are given in $d$ dimensions using both dimensional regularization and dimensional reduction, including the effects of massless gluons and arbitrary representations of massive gauge bosons, fermions, and scalars. We find interesting relations between the functional forms of the contributions from gauge bosons, fermions, and scalars. These relations hold only for the gauge-invariant pinch technique vertex and are d-dimensional incarnations of supersymmetric nonrenormalization theorems which include finite terms. The form factors are shown to simplify for $N=1,2$, and 4 supersymmetry in various dimensions. In four-dimensional non-supersymmetric theories, eight of the form factors have the same functional form for massless gluons, quarks, and scalars, when written in a physically motivated tensor basis. For QCD, these include the tree-level tensor structure which has prefactor $β_0=(11N_c-2N_f)/3$, another tensor with prefactor $4N_c-N_f$, and six tensors with $N_c-N_f$. In perturbative calculations our results lead naturally to an effective coupling for the three-gluon vertex which depends on three momenta and gives rise to an effective scale which governs the behavior of the vertex. The effects of nonzero internal masses are important and have a complicated threshold and pseudo-threshold structure. The results of this paper are an important part of a gauge-invariant dressed skeleton expansion and a related multi-scale analytic renormalization scheme. In this approach the scale ambiguity problem is resolved since physical kinematic invariants determine the arguments of the couplings.
description: 53 pages, 10 figures. v2: added references
Turkish Voice Commands based Chess Game using Gammatone Cepstral Coefficients
Creators: name: Karaca, Gizem
name: Kutlu, Yakup
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Sound (cs.SD)
subject: Audio and Speech Processing (eess.AS)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: This study was carried out to enable individuals with limited mobility skills to play chess in real time and to play games with the individuals around them without being under any social distress or stress. Voice recordings were taken from 50 people (23 men and 27 women). While recording the sound, 29 words from each person were used which are determined as necessary for playing the game. Mel Frequency Coefficients (MFCC) and Gammatone Cepstral Coefficients (GTCC) qualification methods were used. In addition, k-NN, Naive Bayes and Neural Network classification methods were used for classification. Two different classification procedures were applied, namely, person-based and general. While the performance rate in person-based classification ranged from 75% to 98%, a performance over 84% was achieved in general classification.
description: 5 pages, Journal of Artificial Intelligence with Application
Mass transfer during low mass X-ray transient decays
Creators: name: Powell, Craig R.
name: Haswell, Carole A.
name: Falanga, Maurizio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The outbursts of low mass X-ray binaries are prolonged relative to those of dwarf nova cataclysmic variables as a consequence of X-ray irradiation of the disc. We show that the time-scale of the decay light curve and its luminosity at a characteristic time are linked to the radius of the accretion disc. Hence a good X-ray light curve permits two independent estimates of the disc radius. In the case of the milli-second pulsars SAX J1808.4-3658 and XTE J0929-314 the agreement between these estimates is very strong. Our analysis allows new determinations of distances and accretion disc radii. Our analysis will allow determination of accretion disc radii for sources in external galaxies, and hence constrain system parameters where other observational techniques are not possible. We also use the X-ray light curves to estimate the mass transfer rate. The broken exponential decay observed in the 2002 outburst of SAX J1808.4-3658 may be caused by the changing self-shadowing of the disc.
description: 11 pages, 15 figures, 3 tables. Accepted MNRAS Oct 2006
Boundary form factors of the sinh-Gordon model with Dirichlet boundary conditions at the self-dual point
Creators: name: Castro-Alvaredo, Olalla A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this manuscript we present a detailed investigation of the form factors of boundary fields of the sinh-Gordon model with a particular type of Dirichlet boundary condition, corresponding to zero value of the sinh-Gordon field at the boundary, at the self-dual point. We follow for this the boundary form factor program recently proposed by Z. Bajnok, L. Palla and G. Takaks in hep-th/0603171, extending the analysis of the boundary sinh-Gordon model initiated there. The main result of the paper is a conjecture for the structure of all n-particle form factors of two particular boundary operators in terms of elementary symmetric polynomials in certain functions of the rapidity variables. In addition, form factors of boundary "descendant" fields have been constructed
description: 14 pages LaTex. Version to appear in J. Phys. A
Pattern stabilization through parameter alternation in a nonlinear optical system
Creators: name: Sharpe, J. P.
name: Ramazza, P. L.
name: Sungar, N.
name: Saunders, Karl
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the first experimental realization of pattern formation in a spatially extended nonlinear system when the system is alternated between two states, neither of which exhibits patterning. Dynamical equations modeling the system are used for both numerical simulations and a weakly nonlinear analysis of the patterned states. The simulations show excellent agreement with the experiment. The nonlinear analysis provides an explanation of the patterning under alternation and accurately predicts both the observed dependence of the patterning on the frequency of alternation, and the measured spatial frequencies of the patterns.
description: 12 pages, 5 figures. To appear in PRL
Theory of high-order harmonic generation from molecules by intense laser pulses
Creators: name: Le, Anh-Thu
name: Della Picca, R.
name: Fainstein, P. D.
name: Telnov, D. A.
name: Lein, M.
name: Lin, C. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that high-order harmonics generated from molecules by intense laser pulses can be expressed as the product of a returning electron wave packet and the photo-recombination cross section (PRCS) where the electron wave packet can be obtained from simple strong-field approximation (SFA) or from a companion atomic target. Using these wave packets but replacing the PRCS obtained from SFA or from the atomic target by the accurate PRCS from molecules, the resulting HHG spectra are shown to agree well with the benchmark results from direct numerical solution of the time-dependent Schrödinger equation, for the case of H$_2^+$ in laser fields. The result illustrates that these powerful theoretical tools can be used for obtaining high-order harmonic spectra from molecules. More importantly, the results imply that the PRCS extracted from laser-induced HHG spectra can be used for time-resolved dynamic chemical imaging of transient molecules with temporal resolutions down to a few femtoseconds.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures
Factors that Affect Software Systems Development Project Outcomes: A Survey of Research
Creators: name: McLeod, Laurie
name: MacDonell, Stephen G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Determining the factors that have an influence on software systems development and deployment project outcomes has been the focus of extensive and ongoing research for more than 30 years. We provide here a survey of the research literature that has addressed this topic in the period 1996-2006, with a particular focus on empirical analyses. On the basis of this survey we present a new classification framework that represents an abstracted and synthesized view of the types of factors that have been asserted as influencing project outcomes.
description: Journal paper, 40 pages, 5 pages Appendix, 6 figures, 3 tables
Effectiveness of an Occupational Therapy Home Intervention to Increase Safety, Improve Function, and Reduce Falls Among At-Risk Community Dwelling Older Adults
Creators: name: Sheffield, Chava B.
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2011
Subjects: at risk
home environment
home safety
occupational therapy
older adults
randomized controlled trial

description: The United States faces a growing population of older adults and accompanying disability, coupled with constrained public resources. Innovative policy solutions are needed that improve safety and quality of life for older adults in a cost-effective manner. A randomized controlled trial using a pre-test/post-test design assessed the effectiveness of a novel occupational therapy service involving customized in-home interventions conducted by highly trained therapists. The service reflects a decade of development and field testing to identify the essential elements of the evaluation and intervention process. Eligible individuals included at-risk, community-dwelling older adults who are currently receiving services from local area agencies on aging, have difficulty with some functional tasks but are able to move around within the home, and have the cognitive capacity to participate in the assessment and intervention. The treatment group received a baseline assessment followed by treatment, while the delayed treatment (control) group received a baseline assessment followed by no treatment. At three months, both groups were re-assessed.  The data for 71 participants was provided by Howard and Montgomery Counties; complete data was available for 60 participants. The treatment and control groups were compared on baseline covariates; regression adjustments were made as necessary. Analysis utilized Ordinary Least Squares (OLS); model assumptions were tested using regression diagnostics. Significant improvements were found in home safety and quality of life, as were significant reductions in fear of falling. No improvements were found with respect to the other outcome measures. Results were robust to alternative specifications, robust standard errors, and the omission of outliers and influential observations. This study adds to the growing literature of occupational therapy interventions targeting at risk older adults to improve home safety, independence, and quality of life. The contribution of this study is a first step in shifting the design of services for at-risk, community-dwelling older adults. Components of the intervention training could be provided to staff involved in allocating services. If the funding mechanisms can shift away from the dependency model to a model that facilitates independence, older adults could potentially experience better quality of life, and services could be provided to an expanded population.
Does prevalence matter? Differences in racial health disparities between rare and non-rare cancer groups.
Creators: name: Kaiser, Michael Joseph
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2010
Subjects: health disparities
health policy
rare cancer
rare disease

description: One of the most vexing policy issues in health care today is that of the continued presence of disparities. The current evidence on disparities in health care is ubiquitous and clearly race is a factor. Several measures of disparity, including mortality rates, quality of care and access to preventative, primary and follow up care demonstrate disparities among Blacks when compared to Whites. Much research has gone into examining the causes of health care disparities, but not a great deal examines the role of prevalence in those disparities. This study seeks to examine the role of prevalence in health care disparities and posits that having a rare disease exposes one to greater disparities than non-rare disease. The 2006 HCUP Nationwide Inpatient Sample (NIS) was utilized, which captured patient and hospital-level data for all discharges from 658 participating hospitals in 29 states. Discharges for three rare cancers and three non-rare cancers were used (n = 10,548 and 41,323 respectively). Ordinary least squares (OLS) and logistic regression models were run with logged cost estimates (resources use measure) and the likelihood of dying in hospital (mortality measure) as dependent variables respectively. No statistically significant difference could be found between rare and non-rare cancers in terms of the resource use and mortality measures. In terms of race (Black vs. White), no statistically significant difference was found in the rare cohorts for either outcome measure (resource use measure p = .054; mortality measure p = .885). The likelihood of dying for Black non-rare cancer sufferers (relative to Whites) was statistically significant at p < .05. Resource use and mortality were largely driven by disease severity and comorbidity measures. Blacks have more comorbidities on average than Whites. Finally, Medicare significantly increased costs and significantly decreased mortality in all cohorts while having an alternate source of insurance (ex. CHAMPUS, Worker's Compensation) significantly reduced costs for the non-rare cohort but increased their likelihood of dying in hospital.
Direct and ultrafast probing of quantum many-body interaction and Mott-insulator transition through coherent two-dimensional spectroscopy
Creators: name: Phuc, Nguyen Thanh
name: Trung, Pham Quang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Interactions between particles in quantum many-body systems play a crucial role in determining the electric, magnetic, optical, and thermal properties of the system. The recent progress in the laser-pulse technique has enabled the manipulations and measurements of physical properties on ultrafast timescales. Here, we propose a method for the direct and ultrafast probing of quantum many-body interaction through coherent two-dimensional (2D) spectroscopy. Up to a moderate interaction strength, the inter-particle interaction manifests itself in the emergence of off-diagonal peaks in the 2D spectrum before all the peaks coalesce into a single diagonal peak as the system approaches the Mott-insulating phase in the strongly interacting regime. The evolution of the 2D spectrum as a function of the time delay between the second and third laser pulses can provide important information on the ultrafast time variation of the interaction.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures
Classical String in Curved Backgrounds
Creators: name: Vasilic, Milovan
name: Vojinovic, Marko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Mathisson-Papapetrou method is originally used for derivation of the particle world line equation from the covariant conservation of its stress-energy tensor. We generalize this method to extended objects, such as a string. Without specifying the type of matter the string is made of, we obtain both the equations of motion and boundary conditions of the string. The world sheet equations turn out to be more general than the familiar minimal surface equations. In particular, they depend on the internal structure of the string. The relevant cases are classified by examining canonical forms of the effective 2-dimensional stress-energy tensor. The case of homogeneously distributed matter with the tension that equals its mass density is shown to define the familiar Nambu-Goto dynamics. The other three cases include physically relevant massive and massless strings, and unphysical tahyonic strings.
description: 12 pages, REVTeX 4. Added a note and one reference
Odd Perfect Numbers Have At Least Nine Distinct Prime Factors
Creators: name: Nielsen, Pace P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11N25; 11Y50

description: An odd perfect number, N, is shown to have at least nine distinct prime factors. If 3 does not divide N, then N must have at least twelve distinct prime divisors. The proof ultimately avoids previous computational results for odd perfect numbers.
description: 17 pages
D1.2: Training strategy and support of gender equality; Hackathon ToR
Creators: name: Mieslinger, Theresa
name: Guo, Chenbo
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description: Work package in charge

WP1, Project Office

Executive summary

In this report we describe the gender and training strategy in NextGEMS. It consists of our view on gender equality in science and specific activities planned to promote equality and work against unconscious biases. Second, we review our training strategy and describe the various aspects of it, most of them being rooted in our hackathon meetings. As part of the deliverable, the full Terms of Reference (ToR) for a participation in hackathons (by external scientists) is attached in a separate document and mentioned in the report

Conclusion & Results

Project PIs are provided with guidelines for a fair treatment of all genders in hiring processes. Project members are made aware of points of contact for gender issues and discrimination. As part of the training strategy, a document on Terms of Reference (ToR) was written and the necessary measures for a first application process starting in February 2022 for external early-career scientists at hackathons were taken.
The effect of manual thinning and glyphosate application on breeding bird communities in southern British Columbia
Creators: name: Easton, Wendy Elizabeth
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Removal of deciduous vegetation in managed conifer forests is a major component of most silviculture programs. Despite controversy over non-target effects, research regarding the impact of vegetation management on birds is limited. I examined the effect of removing 90-96% of the deciduous tree volume on breeding bird communities in young conifer plantations during 4 years. Trees were removed by two treatments: manual thinning, and manual thinning plus application of the herbicide, glyphosate. The control and two treatments were each replicated three times. During the 3 post-treatment years, the herbicide-treated sites remained depauperate of deciduous vegetation while the manually thinned sites experienced deciduous regrowth. Variation in richness of bird species across all sites was solely due to the presence or absence of rare species. Richness declined, abundance increased, and common species dominated after herbicide application. Richness, abundance, and evenness increased after manual thinning. Turnover of bird species was highest in the herbicide-treated areas and lowest in the control areas. Residents, short-distance migrants, ground gleaners and conifer nesters increased significantly after herbicide application. Deciduous nesters and foliage gleaners declined in abundance (nonsignificantly) in areas treated with herbicide. The Warbling Vireo (Vireo gilvus), a deciduous specialist, declined in areas treated with herbicide. Although treated areas exhibited similar increases in total abundance, nesting success of open-cup nesting species was significantly lower in the herbicide-treated than manually thinned areas. Warbling Vireos, Swainson's Thrushes, and Dusky Flycatchers preferred to nest in untreated or recovered habitat within larger treated areas. Successful nests were more more likely to be present in areas with willow. Overall, the composition of bird communities became more homogeneous after herbicide application, and showed little change after manual thinning.
Vydunas, Wilhelm Storost: sieben Hundert Jahre deutsch-litauischer Beziehungen
Creators: name: Kloeden, Gesine Von
Publisher: name: Ökumenische Rundschau
Year: 2025

description: Ökumenische Rundschau, Bd. 66 Nr. 4 (2017): Ökumenische Rundschau, Band 66, Heft 4
Radio-loudness of Active Galaxies and the Black Hole Evolution
Creators: name: Sikora, M.
name: Stawarz, L.
name: Lasota, J. -P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Active galactic nuclei (AGNs) form two distinct sequences on the radio-loudness -- Eddington-ratio plane. The `upper' sequence contains radio selected AGNs, the `lower' sequence is composed mainly of optically selected AGNs. The sequences mark the upper bounds for the radio-loudness of two distinct populations of AGNs, hosted respectively by elliptical and disk galaxies. Both sequences show the same dependence of the radio-loudness on the Eddington ratio (an increase with decreasing Eddington ratio), which suggests that another parameter in addition to the accretion rate must play a role in determining the efficiency of jet production in AGNs. We speculate that this additional parameter is the spin of the black hole, assuming that black holes in giant elliptical galaxies have (on average) much larger spins than black holes in disc galaxies. Possible evolutionary scenarios leading to such a spin dichotomy are discussed. The galaxy-morphology related radio-dichotomy breaks down at high accretion rates where the dominant fraction of luminous quasars being hosted by giant ellipticals is radio quiet. This indicates that the production of powerful jets at high accretion rates is in most cases suppressed and, in analogy to X-ray binary systems (XRB) during high and very high states, may be intermittent. Such intermittency can be caused by switches between two different accretion modes, assuming that only during one of them an outflow from the central engine is sufficiently collimated to form a relativistic jet.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures included. To be published in New Astronomy Review (Proceedings of the meeting `JPL, X-ray Binaries, Accretion Disks, and Compact Stars'; October 2007; ed. M.A. Abramowicz)
Multiverse Laws Unification Process (Extended)
Creators: name: Ndoni, Albi
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Multiverse

description: Creating a virus to unify the laws of physics across different universes within a billion years is an intriguing, albeit highly speculative, concept. However, it's crucial to note that the laws of physics in various universes, if they exist, might not be amenable to unification via a viral mechanism or any known technological means.
Qualitative Research on Software Development: A Longitudinal Case Study Methodology
Creators: name: McLeod, Laurie
name: MacDonell, Stephen G.
name: Doolin, Bill
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper reports the use of a qualitative methodology for conducting longitudinal case study research on software development. We provide a detailed description and explanation of appropriate methods of qualitative data collection and analysis that can be utilized by other researchers in the software engineering field. Our aim is to illustrate the utility of longitudinal case study research, as a complement to existing methodologies for studying software development, so as to enable the community to develop a fuller and richer understanding of this complex, multi-dimensional phenomenon. We discuss the insights gained and lessons learned from applying a longitudinal qualitative approach to an empirical case study of a software development project in a large multi-national organization. We evaluate the methodology used to emphasize its strengths and to address the criticisms traditionally made of qualitative research.
description: Journal Paper, 18 pages, 2 figures, 6 tables
Letter from Colin C. MacRae to James Goldie, June 15, 1910
Creators: name: MacRae, Colin C.
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2017

description: Letter to James Goldie from Colin C. MacRae, manager of the Royal Bank of Canada in Vernon, B.C., dated June 15, 1910, notifying that J.E. McAllister has deposited the sum of $1,200 in the Rainbow Ranche Limited account.
Interaction-induced localization of anomalously-diffracting nonlinear waves
Creators: name: Linzon, Y.
name: Sivan, Y.
name: Malomed, B.
name: Zaezjev, M.
name: Morandotti, R.
name: Bar-Ad, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study experimentally the interactions between normal solitons and tilted beams in glass waveguide arrays. We find that as a tilted beam, traversing away from a normally propagating soliton, coincides with the self-defocusing regime of the array, it can be refocused and routed back into any of the intermediate sites due to the interaction, as a function of the initial phase difference. Numerically, distinct parameter regimes exhibiting this behavior of the interaction are identified.
description: Physical Review Letters, in press
СОВРЕМЕННЫЕ МЕТОДЫ СОЗДАНИЯ ИНФОРМАЦИОННЫХ РЕСУРСОВ, ВИРТУАЛЬНОЙ БИБЛИОТЕКИ И ИНФОРМАЦИОННОЙ БАЗЫ ВУЗОВ РЕСПУБЛИКИ
Creators: name: Муҳаммадиев, Шоҳбоз
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: В данной статье упоминаются современные методы создания информационных ресурсов, виртуальной библиотеки и информационной базы высших учебных заведений республики, а также необходимость создания электронных ресурсов и соответствующих технических возможностей для их использования.
Influence of Random Bulk Inhomogeneities on Quasi-Optical Cavity Resonator Spectrum
Creators: name: Ganapolskii, E. M.
name: Eremenko, Z. E.
name: Tarasov, Yu. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We suggest the statistical spectral theory of oscillations in quasi-optical cavity resonator filled with random inhomogeneities. It is shown that inhomogeneities in the resonator result in intermode scattering leading to the shift and broadening of spectral lines. The shift and broadening of each line essentially depends on frequency distance to adjacent spectral lines. With increasing the distance the influence of inhomogeneities sharply reduces. The solitary spectral lines which have the distance to the nearest lines quite large is slightly changed due to small inhomogeneities. Owing to such selective influence of inhomogeneities on the spectral lines the effective spectrum rarefaction appears. Both the shift and broadening of spectral lines as well as spectrum rarefaction in quasi-optical cavity millimeter wave resonator were detected experimentally. We found out that inhomogeneities result in stochastization of the resonator spectrum in that mixed state appears, i.e. the spectrum acquires both regular and random parts. The active self-oscillator system based on the inhomogeneous quasi-optical cavity millimeter wave resonator with Gunn diode was studied as well. The inhomogeneous quasi-optical cavity millimeter wave resonator (passive and active) can serve as a model of semiconductor quantum billiard. Based on our results we suggest using such billiards with spectrum rarefied by random inhomogeneities as an active system of semiconductor laser.
Spin liquid behavior of a three-dimensional magnetic system Ba$_3$NiIr$_2$O$_9$ with $S$ = 1
Creators: name: Kumar, Siddharth
name: Panda, S. K.
name: Patidar, Manju Mishra
name: Ojha, Shashank Kumar
name: Mandal, Prithwijit
name: Das, Gangadhar
name: Freeland, J. W.
name: Ganesan, V.
name: Baker, Peter J.
name: Middey, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The quantum spin liquid (QSL) is an exotic phase of magnetic materials where the spins continue to fluctuate without any symmetry breaking down to zero temperature. Among the handful reports of QSL with spin $S\ge$1, examples with magnetic ions on a three-dimensional magnetic lattice are extremely rare since both larger spin and higher dimension tend to suppress quantum fluctuations. In this work, we offer a new strategy to achieve 3-D QSL with high spin by utilizing two types of transition metal ions, both are magnetically active but located at crystallographically inequivalent positions. We design a 3-D magnetic system Ba$_3$NiIr$_2$O$_9$ consisting of interconnected corner shared NiO$_6$ octahedra and face shared Ir$_2$O$_9$ dimer, both having triangular arrangements in \textit{a-b} plane. X-ray absorption spectroscopy measurements confirm the presence of Ni$^{2+}$ ($S$=1). Our detailed thermodynamic and magnetic measurements reveal that this compound is a realization of gapless QSL state down to at least 100 mK. Ab-initio calculations find a strong magnetic exchange between Ir and Ni sublattices and in-plane antiferromagnetic coupling between the dimers, resulting in dynamically fluctuating magnetic moments on both the Ir and Ni sublattice.
description: 4 Figures
Leading Chiral Corrections to the Nucleon Generalized Parton Distributions
Creators: name: Ando, Shung-ichi
name: Chen, Jiunn-Wei
name: Kao, Chung-Wen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using heavy baryon chiral perturbation theory we study the leading chiral corrections to the complete set of nucleon generalized parton distributions (GPDs). We compute the leading quark mass and momentum transfer dependence of the moments of nucleon GPDs through the nucleon off-forward twist-2 matrix elements. These results are then applied to get insight on the GPDs and their impact parameter space distributions.
description: 26 pages, 2 figures; minor revision
Optimal two-photon excitation of bound states in non-Markovian waveguide QED
Creators: name: Trivedi, Rahul
name: Malz, Daniel
name: Fan, Shanhui
name: Vuckovic, Jelena
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Bound states arise in waveguide QED systems with a strong frequency-dependence of the coupling between emitters and photonic modes. While exciting such bound-states with single photon wave-packets is not possible, photon-photon interactions mediated by the emitters can be used to excite them with two-photon states. In this letter, we use scattering theory to provide upper limits on this excitation probability for a general non-Markovian waveguide QED system and show that this limit can be reached by a two-photon wave-packet with vanishing uncertainty in the total photon energy. Furthermore, we also analyze multi-emitter waveguide QED systems with multiple bound states and provide a systematic construction of two-photon wave-packets that can excite a given superposition of these bound states. As specific examples, we study bound state trapping in waveguide QED systems with single and multiple emitters and a time-delayed feedback.
Theory of smeared quantum phase transitions
Creators: name: Hoyos, J. A.
name: Vojta, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an analytical strong-disorder renormalization group theory of the quantum phase transition in the dissipative random transverse-field Ising chain. For Ohmic dissipation, we solve the renormalization flow equations analytically, yielding asymptotically exact results for the low-temperature properties of the system. We find that the interplay between quantum fluctuations and Ohmic dissipation destroys the quantum critical point by smearing. We also determine the phase diagram and the behavior of observables in the vicinity of the smeared quantum phase transition.
description: 4 pages, 1 eps figure embedded; (v2) contains the full joint field and moment distribution + we fixed a few typos; (v3) published version + typos corrected
HPV Vaccine: From FDA Approval to School Mandate
Creators: name: Taylor, Erica Kimberly
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2011
Subjects: HPV
Interest Groups
Path depdence
Policy outcomes
State legislatures
Value-driven issues

description: It is estimated that 75% of the sexually active population has had an HPV infection. In June 2006 the FDA approved Gardasil, the first vaccine on the market to prevent cervical cancer by protecting against certain types of HPV infections.  In 2007 there were bills in 41 state legislatures promoting the vaccination of young girls from HPV through funding, education and/or requiring vaccination as a condition of school attendance. This research examines the utility of the path-dependent model for value driven issues to evaluate the influence of state institutions on the balance of interests and the terms of legislative debate. Six states were selected for examination: California, Maryland, Massachusetts, New Mexico, Vermont and Virginia. Telephone interviews were conducted with bill sponsors and interest group representatives to assess bill sponsor motivation, the political mobilization of interest groups and the use of rhetorical resources. Content analysis was done to identify evidence of the constructs of the path-dependent model for value driven issues. The results suggest that the effects of state institutions on HPV vaccine proposals in California, Maryland and Massachusetts were greatly influenced by the political mobilization of actors in the balance of interests.  Conversely, the influence of state institutions on the policy outcome of HPV vaccine proposals in Vermont and Virginia was determined by the terms of legislative debate established by bill sponsors. For most of the states in the study, the evidence suggests that the HPV vaccine mandate bills were value-driven; however, the policy trajectory in New Mexico suggests that the progression of HPV vaccines mandates in New Mexico was an interest driven issue instead of value-driven issue. The results also highlight the power of rhetorical resources as tools to garner support or bolster opposition for value-driven issues. In sum, the path-dependent model proved a useful tool in examining HPV vaccine proposals by identifying positing specific trajectories for value-driven issues.  The path-dependent model lends itself as an additional lens through which policy analysts and evaluators can understand the deviations created by legislative proposals dealing with issues of morality from interest driven political process models.