cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Corporate Strategic Distinctiveness in the Aftermath of Natural Disasters
Creators: name: Yang, Yuhao
Publisher: name: Macquarie University
Year: 2023
Subjects: Other education not elsewhere classified

description: Existing studies have examined how monetary factors affect corporate strategic decision-making. I explore how natural disasters affect corporate strategic distinctiveness. Based on previous research on organisational adaptation and environmental scanning, the staggered difference-in-differences results show that corporate strategic distinctiveness decreases significantly after natural disasters, especially climate-related ones. Further cross-sectional analyses indicate that the negative impact of natural disasters on corporate strategic distinctiveness is more pronounced among firms that are managed by CEOs with early-life disaster experience and longer tenure. Moreover, private firms and firms with higher institutional ownership are also found to have experienced significant decreases in corporate strategic distinctiveness in the aftermath of natural disasters. Next, I investigate the underlying mechanisms that transmit the impact of natural disasters onto corporate strategic distinctiveness. Through the difference-in-difference-in-differences method, I find that natural disasters will affect corporate strategic distinctiveness through stronger precautionary motive, greater risk perception, and higher trade credit. Last but important, the baseline results remain unchanged after a series of robustness checks. Additional analyses suggest that firms will benefit from lowering strategic distinctiveness in the aftermath of natural disasters by enjoying higher firm value in the long term. In addition, firms tend to adopt more conforming strategies when disasters reoccurred. This study contributes to existing literature in the following ways. First, using natural disasters as a type of nonmonetary shock, I show how firms adapt to the uncertain business environment and build organisational resilience by adopting strategies consistent with the industrial standard. Second, the findings have practical implications for firms to understand climate risks and achieve sustainable development in the long term, and for policy makers to develop appropriate policies to promote economic recovery following natural disasters.
1-(3,4,5-Trimethoxyphenyl)ethane-1,2-diyl esters, a novel compound class with potent chemoreversal activity
Creators: name: Nakagawa-Goto, Kyoko
name: Ohkoshi, Emika
name: Hung, Hsin Yi
name: Goto, Masuo
name: Lee, Kuo Hsiung
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: 1-(3,4,5-Trimethoxyphenyl)ethane-1,2-diyl esters, which share a fragment from (±)-3′-O-4′-O-bis(3,4-dimethoxycinnamoyl)-cis-khellactone (DMDCK) and 3′R,4′R-disubstituted-2′,2′-dimethyldihydropyrano[2,3-f]chromone (DSP), exhibited remarkable chemoreversal activity on multi-drug resistant human nasopharyngeal carcinoma (KB) when combined with three anti-cancer drugs, paclitaxel, vincristine and doxorubicin. Among 15 novel synthesized analogs, bis-trimethoxybenzoyl derivative 15 was the most active (340-fold more active than verapamil when used with vincristine) followed by two di-cinnamoyl derivatives, 10 and 11, and then di-cyclohexanecarbonyl derivative 9. All aliphatic chain derivatives, 3–5, showed no activity. Structure-activity relationship study indicated that a di-ester structure was critical to enhance the activity resulting from the maintenance of the spatial arrangement proposed by the pharmacophore based on the verapamil-binding site. Further mechanism of action study showed 15 inhibited mainly P-glycoprotein efflux pump function, while 13 exhibited an additional multidrug resistance-associated protein efflux pump function.
Anti-AIDS agents 89. Identification of DCX derivatives as anti-HIV and chemosensitizing dual function agents to overcome P-gp-mediated drug resistance for AIDS therapy
Creators: name: Ohkoshi, Emika
name: Shi, Qian
name: Bastow, Kenneth F.
name: Zhou, Ting
name: Lee, Kuo Hsiung
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: In this study, 19 dicamphanoyl-dihydropyranochromone (DCP) and dicamphanoyl-dihydropyranoxanthone (DCX) derivatives, previously discovered as novel anti-HIV agents, were evaluated for their potential to reverse multi-drug resistance (MDR) in a cancer cell line over-expressing P-glycoprotein (P-gp). Seven compounds fully reversed resistance to vincristine (VCR) at 4 μM, a 20-fold enhancement compared to the first generation chemosensitizer, verapamil (4 μM). The mechanism of action of DCPs and DCXs was also resolved, since the most active compounds (3, 4, and 7) significantly increased intracellular drug accumulation due, in part, to inhibiting the P-gp mediated drug efflux from cells. We conclude that DCPs (3 and 4) and DCXs (7, 11, and 17) can exhibit polypharmacologic behavior by acting as dual inhibitors of HIV replication and chemoresistance mediated by P-gp. As such, they may be useful in combination therapy to overcome P-gp-associated drug resistance for AIDS treatment.
Constructing quantum circuits with global gates
Creators: name: van de Wetering, John
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: There are various gate sets that can be used to describe a quantum computation. A particularly popular gate set in the literature on quantum computing consists of arbitrary single-qubit gates and 2-qubit CNOT gates. A CNOT gate is however not always the natural multi-qubit interaction that can be implemented on a given physical quantum computer, necessitating a compilation step that transforms these CNOT gates to the native gate set. A particularly interesting case where compilation is necessary is for ion trap quantum computers, where the natural entangling operation can act on more than 2 qubits and can even act globally on all qubits at once. This calls for an entirely different approach to constructing efficient circuits. In this paper we study the problem of converting a given circuit that uses 2-qubit gates to one that uses global gates. Our three main contributions are as follows. First, we find an efficient algorithm for transforming an arbitrary circuit consisting of Clifford gates and arbitrary phase gates into a circuit consisting of single-qubit gates and a number of global interactions proportional to the number of non-Clifford phases present in the original circuit. Second, we find a general strategy to transform a global gate that targets all qubits into one that targets only a subset of the qubits. This approach scales linearly with the number of qubits that are not targeted, in contrast to the exponential scaling reported in (Maslov & Nam, N. J. Phys. 2018). Third, we improve on the number of global gates required to synthesise an arbitrary n-qubit Clifford circuit from the 12n-18 reported in (Maslov & Nam, N. J. Phys. 2018) to 6n-8.
description: 13 pages. v2: added some more figures and fixed a number of (mathematical) typos
title: Bark or Bite Perspectives on Economic Sanctions for Foreign Policy Objectives
Creators: name: Skotty, Rodney W.
Publisher: name: Old Dominion University Libraries
Year: 1986

description: Economic sanctions have been used throughout history to coerce target nations to acquiesce in the objectives of nations that impose them. The record of achievement, using sanctions as a tool of foreign policy, has been poor. Regardless, nations continue to use economic sanctions to attain their goals despite their relative ineffectiveness. And as nations apply sanctions frequently to resolve international conflicts, such frequency tends to impair the credibility of sanctions as an implement of foreign policy. The fact that they are imposed frequently, also reflects that they are used to rectify lesser violations of the international norm. In view of their use for less urgent objectives, they are implemented with an equally lessened degree of determination. Despite limited utility to accomplish their objectives, sanctions are useful, though, as an instrument to placate domestic political demands in the resolution of foreign policy crises.
Cytotoxic esterified diterpenoid alkaloid derivatives with increase selectivity against a drug-resistant cancer cell line
Creators: name: Lee, Kuo Hsiung
name: Bastow, Kenneth F.
name: Wada, Koji
name: Morris-Natschke, Susan L.
name: Ohkoshi, Emika
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: C-6 Esterifications of delpheline (1) were carried out to provide 20 new diterpenoid alkaloid derivatives (4–22, 24). Three natural alkaloids (1–3) and all synthesized compounds (4–25) were evaluated for cytotoxic activity against lung (A549), prostate (DU145), nasopharyngeal (KB), and vincristine-resistant nasopharyngeal (KB-VIN) cancer cell lines and interestingly, showed an improved drug resistance profile compared to paclitaxel. Particularly, 6-(4-fluoro-3-methylbenzoyl)delpheline (22) displayed 2.6-fold greater potency against KB-VIN cells compared with the parental non-drug resistant KB cells. 6-Acylation of 1 appears to be critical for producing cytotoxic activity in this alkaloid class and a means to provide promising new leads for further development into antitumor agents.
(102706) Charlotte Mary Symonds
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Design and synthesis of gambogic acid analogs as potent cytotoxic and anti-inflammatory agents
Creators: name: Wu, Yang Chang
name: Hwang, Tsong Long
name: Yen, Chiao Ting
name: Morris-Natschke, Susan L.
name: Bastow, Kenneth F.
name: Lee, Kuo Hsiung
name: Nakagawa-Goto, Kyoko
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: Prenyl- and pyrano-xanthones derived from 1,3,6-trihydroxy-9H-xanthen-9-one, a basic backbone of gambogic acid (GA), were synthesized and evaluated for in vitro cytotoxic effects against four human cancer cell lines (KB, KBvin, A549, and DU-145) and anti-inflammatory activity toward superoxide anion generation and elastase release by human neutrophils in response to fMLP/CB. Among them, prenylxanthones 7-13 were generally less active than pyranoxanthones 14-21 in both anticancer and anti-inflammatory assays. Furthermore, two angular 3,3-dimethypyranoxanthones (16 and 20) showed the greatest and selective activity against the KBvin multidrug resistant (MDR) cell line with IC50 values of 0.9 and 0.8 μ g/mL, respectively. An angular 3-methyl-3-prenylpyranoxanthone (17) selectively inhibited elastase release with 200 times more potency than phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride (PMSF), the positive control.
Design of Two-Phase Generator for Synch Applications
Creators: name: E N, ganesh
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 90699 Electrical and Electronic Engineering not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: An electronic circuit is described that generates two orthogonal square waves. The generator is based on a simple JK flip-flop circuit. Its clock is driven by a phaselocked loop that guarantees frequency and phase synchronization of the output with an external sync signal. Due to application of the RX RN X X (4) , (5) circuit in high-precision impedance bridge the maximum X N deviation of the phase shift between the square-waves should be smaller than 0,050 and the frequency range of the generator is 100 Hz – 100 kHz.
Optimization of 2,4-diarylanilines as non-nucleoside HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitors
Creators: name: Chen, Chin Ho
name: Huang, Li
name: Lee, Kuo Hsiung
name: Xie, Lan
name: Qin, Bingjie
name: Qian, Keduo
name: Sun, Lian Qi
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: The current optimization of 2,4-diarylaniline analogs (DAANs) on the central phenyl ring provided a series of new active DAAN derivatives 9a–9e, indicating an accessible modification approach that could improve anti-HIV potency against wild-type and resistant strains, aqueous solubility, and metabolic stability. A new compound 9e not only exhibited extremely high potency against wild-type virus (EC50 0.53 nM) and several resistant viral strains (EC50 0.36 – 3.9 nM), but also showed desirable aqueous solubility and metabolic stability, which were comparable or better than those of the anti-HIV-1 drug TMC278 (2). Thus, new compound 9e might be a potential drug candidate for further development of novel next-generation NNRTIs.
Synthesis of betulinic acid derivatives as entry inhibitors against HIV-1 and bevirimat-resistant HIV-1 variants
Creators: name: Zhu, Lei
name: Lee, Kuo Hsiung
name: Qian, Keduo
name: Chen, Chin Ho
name: Dang, Zhao
name: Huang, Li
name: Ho, Phong
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: Betulinic acid derivatives modified at the C28 position are HIV-1entry inhibitors such as compound A43D; however, modified at the C3 position instead of C28 give HIV-1 maturation inhibitor such as bevirimat. Bevirimat exhibited promising pharmacokinetic profiles in clinical trials, but its effectiveness was compromised by the high baseline drug resistance of HIV-1 variants with polymorphism in the putative drug binding site. In an effort to determine whether the viruses with bevirimat resistant polymorphism also altered their sensitivities to the betulinic acid derivatives that inhibit HIV-1 entry, a series of new betulinic acid entry inhibitors were synthesized and tested for their activities against HIV-1 NL4-3 and NL4-3 variants resistant to bevirimat. The results show that the bevirimat resistant viruses were approximately 5- to10-fold more sensitive to three new glutamine ester derivatives (13, 15 and 38) and A43D in an HIV-1 multi-cycle replication assay. In contrast, the wild type NL4-3 and the bevirimat resistant variants were equally sensitive to the HIV-1 RT inhibitor AZT. In addition, these three new compounds markedly improved microsomal stability compared to A43D.
(102705) Janet Harriet Symonds
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Comments on Microcausality, Chaos, and Gravitational Observables
Creators: name: Marolf, Donald
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Observables in gravitational systems must be non-local so as to be invariant under diffeomorphism gauge transformations. But at the classical level some such observables can nevertheless satisfy an exact form of microcausality. This property is conjectured to remain true at all orders in the semiclassical expansion, though with limitations at finite $\hbar$ or $\ell_{Planck}$. We also discuss related issues concerning observables in black hole spacetimes and comment on the senses in which they do and do not experience the form of chaos identified by Shenker and Stanford. In particular, in contrast to the situation in a reflecting cavity, this chaos does not afflict observables naturally associated with Hawking radiation for evaporating black holes.
description: 16 pages, 1 figure; references added
การพัฒนาทุนมนุษย์เพื่อการท่องเที่ยวโดยชุมชนบ้านบางเทา จังหวัดภูเก็ต
Creators: name: เอกพล วงศ์เสรี
Publisher: name: สำนักงานบริหารการวิจัย นวัตกรรมและการสร้างสรรค์
Year: 2022
Subjects: การพัฒนา
ทุนมนุษย์
การท่องเที่ยวโดยชุมชน

description: วารสารมหาวิทยาลัยศิลปากร, 42, 6, 74-87
(102702) Mary Jane [Shaw]
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Hurwitz Orbits of Equal Size
Creators: name: Pirillo, Colin
name: Sabar, Seth
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We provide a variety of cases in which two factorizations have Hurwitz orbits of the same size. We begin with prototypical results about factorizations of length two, and show that cycling elements or flipping and inverting elements in any factorization preserves Hurwitz orbit size. We prove that "double reverse" factorizations in groups with special presentations have Hurwitz orbits of equal size, and end with applications to complex reflection groups.
description: 14 pages
Design, synthesis, and mechanism of action of 2-(3-hydroxy-5-methoxyphenyl)-6-pyrrolidinylquinolin-4-one as a potent anticancer lead
Creators: name: Tsai, Meng Tung
name: Wu, Tian Shung
name: Kuo, Sheng Chu
name: Cheng, Yung Yi
name: Yang, Jai Sing
name: Lee, Kuo Hsiung
name: Huang, Li Jiau
name: Lin, Hui Yi
name: Liu, Chin Yu
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: New 6- (or 6,7-) substituted 2-(hydroxyl substituted phenyl)quinolin-4-one derivatives were synthesized and screened for antiproliferative effects against cancer cell lines. Structure-activity relationship correlations were established and the most promising compound 2-(3-hydroxy-5-methoxyphenyl)-6-pyrrolidin-1-ylquinolin-4-one (6h) exhibited strong inhibitory activity against various human cancer cell lines, particularly non-small cell lung cancer NCI-H522. Additional studies suggested a mechanism of action resembling that of the antimitotic drug vincristine. The presence of a C-ring OH group in 6h will allow this compound to be converted readily to a water soluble and physiochemically stable hydrophilic prodrug. Compound 6h is proposed as a new anticancer lead compound.
Augmenting Numerical Stability of the Galerkin Finite Element Formulation for Electromagnetic Flowmeter Analysis
Creators: name: S, Sethupathy
name: Kumar, Udaya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The magnetic flow meter is one of the best possible choice for the measurement of flow rate of liquid metals in fast breeder reactors. Due to the associated complexities in the measuring environment, theoretical evaluation of their sensitivity is always preferred. In order to consider the 3D nature of the problem and the general flow patterns, numerical field computational approach is inevitable. When classical Galerkin's finite element formulation is employed for the solution, it is known to introduce numerical oscillations at high flow rates. The magnetic field produced by the flow induced currents circulate within the fluid and forms the source of this numerical problem. To overcome this, modified methods like stream-line upwind Petrov-Galerkin schemes are generally suggested in the allied areas like fluid dynamics, in which a similar dominance of advective (curl or circulation) component occurs over diffusion (divergence) component. After a careful analysis of the numerical instability through a reduced one dimensional problem, an elegant stable approach is devised. In this scheme, a pole-zero cancellation approach is adopted. The proposed scheme is shown to be absolutely stable. However, at lower flow rates numerical results exhibits small oscillation, which can be controlled by reducing the element size. The source of stability at higher flow rates, as well as, oscillations at lower flow rates are analysed using analytical solution of the associated difference equation. Finally the proposed approach is applied to the original flow meter problem and the solution is shown to be stable.
description: IET Science, Measurement & Technology, 2016
ปัจจัยเชิงสาเหตุของการเปลี่ยนแปลงพฤติกรรมสุขภาพของคนไทย ในภาวะการแพร่ระบาดของโรคโควิด-19
Creators: name: กรรณิกา อุสสาสาร
Publisher: name: สำนักงานบริหารการวิจัย นวัตกรรมและการสร้างสรรค์
Year: 2022
Subjects: โรคโควิด-19
การเปิดรับสื่อสังคมออนไลน์
การรู้เท่าทันสื่อ
ความรอบรู้ด้านสุขภาพ
การเปลี่ยนแปลงพฤติกรรมสุขภาพ

description: วารสารมหาวิทยาลัยศิลปากร, 42, 6, 88-99
Manifestation of chiral magnetic current in Floquet-Weyl semimetals
Creators: name: Chen, Tsung-Yu
name: Chou, Po-Hao
name: Mou, Chung-Yu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Materials that can host macroscopic persistent current are important because they are useful for energy storage. However, there are very few examples of such materials in nature. Superconductors are known as an example in which flow of supercurrent can persist up to 100,000 years. The chiral magnetic current is possibly the second example predicted by the chiral magnetic effect. It was proposed to be realized in recently discovered Weyl semimetals. However, a no-go theorem negates the chiral magnetic effect and shows that the chiral magnetic current is generally absent in any equilibrium condensed-matter system. Here we show how to break the no-go theorem by resorting to dynamical transitions in time-frequency space. By driving an insulator using a time-periodic potential and coupling it to a phonon heat bath that provides suitable dissipation, we show that a Floquet-Weyl semi-metallic phase with Fermi-Dirac-like distribution emerges. Furthermore, we show that even in the presence of a static magnetic field, the resulting steady Floquet-Weyl semimetal supports non-vanishing chiral magnetic current. Our dynamical model provides a systematic way to fully realize the chiral magnetic effect in condensed matter systems.
description: 7 page, 4 figures
Recoverable DTN Routing based on a Relay of Cyclic Message-Ferries on a MSQ Network
Creators: name: Hayashi, Yukio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An interrelation between a topological design of network and efficient algorithm on it is important for its applications to communication or transportation systems. In this paper, we propose a design principle for a reliable routing in a store-carry-forward manner based on autonomously moving message-ferries on a special structure of fractal-like network, which consists of a self-similar tiling of equilateral triangles. As a collective adaptive mechanism, the routing is realized by a relay of cyclic message-ferries corresponded to a concatenation of the triangle cycles and using some good properties of the network structure. It is recoverable for local accidents in the hierarchical network structure. Moreover, the design principle is theoretically supported with a calculation method for the optimal service rates of message-ferries derived from a tandem queue model for stochastic processes on a chain of edges in the network. These results obtained from a combination of complex network science and computer science will be useful for developing a resilient network system.
description: 6 pages, 12 figures, The 3rd Workshop on the FoCAS(Fundamentals of Collective Adaptive Systems) at The 9th IEEE International Conference on SASO(Self-Adaptive and Self-Organizing systems), Boston, USA, Sept.21, 2015
Social Diffusion Sources Can Escape Detection
Creators: name: Waniek, Marcin
name: Cebrian, Manuel
name: Holme, Petter
name: Rahwan, Talal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: F.2.2; G.2.2
subject: 91D30

description: Influencing (and being influenced by) others through social networks is fundamental to all human societies. Whether this happens through the diffusion of rumors, opinions, or viruses, identifying the diffusion source (i.e., the person that initiated it) is a problem that has attracted much research interest. Nevertheless, existing literature has ignored the possibility that the source might strategically modify the network structure (by rewiring links or introducing fake nodes) to escape detection. Here, without restricting our analysis to any particular diffusion scenario, we close this gap by evaluating two mechanisms that hide the source-one stemming from the source's actions, the other from the network structure itself. This reveals that sources can easily escape detection, and that removing links is far more effective than introducing fake nodes. Thus, efforts should focus on exposing concealed ties rather than planted entities; such exposure would drastically improve our chances of detecting the diffusion source.
description: 100 pages, 80 figures
Kappa-opioid receptor-selective dicarboxylic ester-derived salvinorin A ligands
Creators: name: Vardy, Eyal
name: White, Kate
name: Roth, Bryan L.
name: Ferreira, Daneel
name: Zjawiony, Jordan K.
name: Polepally, Prabhakar R.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: Salvinorin A, the active ingredient of the hallucinogenic plant Salvia divinorum is the most potent known naturally occurring hallucinogen and is a selective κ-opioid receptor agonist. To better understand the ligand-receptor interactions, a series of dicarboxylic ester-type of salvinorin A derivatives were synthesized and evaluated for their binding affinity at κ, δ, and μ-opioid receptors. Most of the analogues show high affinity to the κ-opioid receptor. Methyl malonyl derivative 4 shows the highest binding affinity (Ki = 2 nM), analogues 5, 7, and 14 exhibit significant affinity for the κ-receptor (Ki = 21, 36 and 39 nM).
Deep Learning-based Patient Re-identification Is able to Exploit the Biometric Nature of Medical Chest X-ray Data
Creators: name: Packhäuser, Kai
name: Gündel, Sebastian
name: Münster, Nicolas
name: Syben, Christopher
name: Christlein, Vincent
name: Maier, Andreas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: With the rise and ever-increasing potential of deep learning techniques in recent years, publicly available medical datasets became a key factor to enable reproducible development of diagnostic algorithms in the medical domain. Medical data contains sensitive patient-related information and is therefore usually anonymized by removing patient identifiers, e.g., patient names before publication. To the best of our knowledge, we are the first to show that a well-trained deep learning system is able to recover the patient identity from chest X-ray data. We demonstrate this using the publicly available large-scale ChestX-ray14 dataset, a collection of 112,120 frontal-view chest X-ray images from 30,805 unique patients. Our verification system is able to identify whether two frontal chest X-ray images are from the same person with an AUC of 0.9940 and a classification accuracy of 95.55%. We further highlight that the proposed system is able to reveal the same person even ten and more years after the initial scan. When pursuing a retrieval approach, we observe an mAP@R of 0.9748 and a precision@1 of 0.9963. Furthermore, we achieve an AUC of up to 0.9870 and a precision@1 of up to 0.9444 when evaluating our trained networks on external datasets such as CheXpert and the COVID-19 Image Data Collection. Based on this high identification rate, a potential attacker may leak patient-related information and additionally cross-reference images to obtain more information. Thus, there is a great risk of sensitive content falling into unauthorized hands or being disseminated against the will of the concerned patients. Especially during the COVID-19 pandemic, numerous chest X-ray datasets have been published to advance research. Therefore, such data may be vulnerable to potential attacks by deep learning-based re-identification algorithms.
description: Published in Scientific Reports
A-ring modified betulinic acid derivatives as potent cancer preventive agents
Creators: name: Tokuda, Harukuni
name: Iida, Akira
name: Qian, Keduo
name: Bori, Ibrahim D.
name: Lee, Kuo Hsiung
name: Suzuki, Nobutaka
name: Hung, Hsin Yi
name: Nakagawa-Goto, Kyoko
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: Ten new 3,4-seco betulinic acid (BA) derivatives were designed and synthesized. Among them, compounds 7–15 exhibited enhanced chemopreventive ability in an in vitro short-term 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) induced Epstein-Barr virus early antigen (EBV-EA) activation assay in Raji cells. Specifically, analogs with a free C-28 carboxylic acid, including 7, 8, 11, and 13, inhibited EBV-EA activation significantly. The most potent compound 8 displayed 100% inhibition at 1 × 103 mol ratio/TPA and 73. 4%, 35. 9%, and 8. 4% inhibition at 5 × 102, 1 × 102, and 1 × 10 mol ratio/TPA, respectively, comparable with curcumin at high concentration and better than curcumin at low concentration. The potent chemopreventive activity of novel seco A-ring BAs (8 and 11) was further confirmed in an in vivo mouse skin carcinogenesis assay.
Entangling three identical particles via spatial overlap
Creators: name: Lee, Donghwa
name: Pramanik, Tanumoy
name: Cho, Young-Wook
name: Lim, Hyang-Tag
name: Chin, Seungbeom
name: Kim, Yong-Su
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum correlations between identical particles are at the heart of quantum technologies. Several studies with two identical particles have shown that the spatial overlap and indistinguishability between the particles are necessary for generating bipartite entanglement. On the other hand, researches on the extension to more than two-particle systems are limited by the practical difficulty to control multiple identical particles in laboratories. In this work, we propose schemes to generate two fundamental classes of genuine tripartite entanglement, i.e., GHZ and W classes, which are experimentally demonstrated with three identical photons. We also show that the tripartite entanglement class decays from the genuine entanglement to the full separability as the particles become more distinguishable from each other. Our results support the prediction that particle indistinguishability is a fundamental element for entangling identical particles.
description: 12 pages including appendix, 5 figures. Comments are welcome
Accurate and efficient photo-eccentric transit modeling
Creators: name: MacDougall, Mason G.
name: Gilbert, Gregory J.
name: Petigura, Erik A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A planet's orbital eccentricity is fundamental to understanding the present dynamical state of a system and is a relic of its formation history. There is high scientific value in measuring eccentricities of Kepler and TESS planets given the sheer size of these samples and the diversity of their planetary systems. However, Kepler and TESS lightcurves typically only permit robust determinations of planet-to-star radius ratio $r$, orbital period $P$, and transit mid-point $t_0$. Three other orbital properties, including impact parameter $b$, eccentricity $e$, and argument of periastron $ω$, are more challenging to measure because they are all encoded in the lightcurve through subtle effects on a single observable -- the transit duration $T_{14}$. In Gilbert, MacDougall, & Petigura (2022), we showed that a five-parameter transit description $\{P, t_0, r, b, T_{14}\}$ naturally yields unbiased measurements of $r$ and $b$. Here, we build upon our previous work and introduce an accurate and efficient prescription to measure $e$ and $ω$. We validate this approach through a suite of injection-and-recovery experiments. Our method agrees with previous approaches that use a seven-parameter transit description $\{P, t_0, r, b, ρ_\star, e, ω\}$ which explicitly fits the eccentricity vector and mean stellar density. The five-parameter method is simpler than the seven-parameter method and is "future-proof" in that posterior samples can be quickly reweighted (via importance sampling) to accommodate updated priors and updated stellar properties. This method thus circumvents the need for an expensive reanalysis of the raw photometry, offering a streamlined path toward large-scale population analyses of eccentricity from transit surveys.
description: Accepted at The Astronomical Journal; 15 pages, 7 figures
Between Lapita and the Hiri: Occupational Trends and Settlement Patterns at Caution Bay, Papua New Guinea 1897-739 cal BP
Creators: name: DEROUET, DANIEL JOHN
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2023
Subjects: Archaeology of New Guinea and Pacific Islands (excl. New Zealand)

description: This thesis examines: (1) archaeological changes in cultural and technological practices at Caution Bay, Papua New Guinea (PNG) for the period 1897-739 cal BP; and (2) how these changes relate to preceding and subsequent periods for the Caution Bay-Port Moresby region, and the PNG south coast. An archaeological analysis of the cultural assemblages revealed that during the period 1897-739 cal BP people moved away from Caution Bay, where for the previous 900 years large villages had been occupied. This shift in settlement patterns were a response to the development of dense mangrove forests along the coast, restricting people’s access to the sea.
Design and synthesis of new 7-(N-substituted-methyl)-camptothecin derivatives as potent cytotoxic agents
Creators: name: Wu, Dan
name: Zhu, Gao Xiang
name: Lee, Kuo Hsiung
name: Goto, Masuo
name: Wu, Xiao Bing
name: Zhao, Xiao Bo
name: Yang, Liu
name: Li, Shu Gang
name: Song, Zi Long
name: Zhao, Yu
name: Morris-Natschke, Susan L.
name: Liu, Ying Qian
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: A series of novel 7-(N-substituted-methyl)-camptothecin derivatives was designed, synthesized, and evaluated for in vitro cytotoxicity against four human tumor cell lines, A-549, MDA-MB-231, KB, and KBvin. All of the derivatives showed promising in vitro cytotoxic activity against the tested tumor cell lines, with IC50 values ranging from 0.0023 to 1.11 μM, and were as or more potent than topotecan. Compounds 9d, 9e, and 9r exhibited the highest antiproliferative activity among all prepared derivatives. Furthermore, all of the compounds were more potent than paclitaxel against the multidrug-resistant (MDR) KBvin subline. With a concise efficient synthesis and potent cytotoxic profiles, especially significant activity towards KBvin, compounds 9d, 9e, and 9r merit further development as a new generation of camptothecin-derived anticancer clinical trial candidates.
Scalar field and time varying Cosmological constant in $f(R,T)$ gravity for Bianchi type-I Universe
Creators: name: Singh, G. P.
name: Bishi, Binaya K.
name: Sahoo, P. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this article, we have analysed the behaviour of scalar field and cosmological constant in $f(R,T)$ theory of gravity. Here, we have considered the simplest form of $f(R,T)$ i.e. $f(R,T)=R+2f(T)$, where $R$ is the Ricci scalar and $T$ is the trace of the energy momentum tensor and explored the spatially homogeneous and anisotropic Locally Rotationally Symmetric (LRS) Bianchi type-I cosmological model. It is assumed that the Universe is filled with two non-interacting matter sources namely scalar field (normal or phantom) with scalar potential and matter contribution due to $f(R,T)$ action. We have discussed two cosmological models according to power law and exponential law of the volume expansion along with constant and exponential scalar potential as sub models. Power law models are compatible with normal (quintessence) and phantom scalar field whereas exponential volume expansion models are compatible with only normal (quintessence) scalar field. The values of cosmological constant in our models are in agreement with the observational results. Finally, we have discussed some physical and kinematical properties of both the models.
description: 10 pages, 10 figures
Investigating the Effect of Mantle Flow on Surface Deformation in Alaska, Northwestern Canada, and the Bering Sea Using 3-D Geodynamic Models
Creators: name: Mcconeghy, Joseph D
Publisher: name: Purdue University Graduate School
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 370603
subject: Geodesy
classificationCode: 370699
subject: Geophysics not elsewhere classified

description: This research aims to examine the effect that mantle tractions have on surface deformation throughout the Pacific-North America plate boundary zone in Alaska, western Canada, and the Bering Sea region. We use 3-D geodynamic models to simulate the crust and upper mantle in order to investigate the tectonic force balance between plate boundary interactions, gravitational collapse, and basal tractions. We determine that mantle tractions with a magnitude of ~2.5-3.8 MPa, directed to the southeast, in conjunction with forces from the Yakutat flat slab, best fit the steady-state plate motion estimates in Alaska. We also show how these mantle tractions have likely aided in concentrating deformation to the northwest of incoming Yakutat oceanic plateau throughout the ~50 Ma evolution of flat slab subduction in this region. Finally, we conclude that mantle tractions also impact the broad zone of distributed deformation surrounding the Bering Sea. The confluence of basal forces and tectonic extrusion, due to the Yakutat flat slab, may lead to the evolution of a new plate boundary extending from northwest Alaska to the Kuril-Kamchatka subduction zone.
Further evaluation of the tropane analogs of haloperidol
Creators: name: Setola, Vincent
name: Lamango, Nazarius S.
name: Sampson, Dinithia
name: Bricker, Barbara
name: Ablordeppey, Seth Y.
name: Zhu, Xue Y.
name: Roth, Bryan L.
name: Peprah, Kwakye
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: Previous work from our labs has indicated that a tropane analog of haloperidol with potent D2 binding but designed to avoid the formation of MPP+-like metabolites, such as 4-(4-chlorophenyl)-1-(4-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-oxobutyl)pyridin-1-ium (BCPP+) still produced catalepsy, suggesting a strong role for the D2 receptor in the production of catalepsy in rats, and hence EPS in humans. This study tested the hypothesis that further modifications of the tropane analog to produce compounds with less potent binding to the D2 receptor than haloperidol, would produce less catalepsy. These tests have now revealed that while haloperidol produced maximum catalepsy, these compounds produced moderate to low levels of catalepsy. Compound 9, with the least binding affinity to the D2R, produced the least catalepsy and highest Minimum Adverse Effective Dose (MAED) of the analogs tested regardless of their affinities at other receptors including the 5-HT1AR. These observations support the hypothesis that moderation of the D2 binding of the tropane analogs could reduce catalepsy potential in rats and consequently EPS in man.
Feynman-Kac formula under a finite entropy condition
Creators: name: Léonard, Christian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Motivated by entropic optimal transport, we investigate an extended notion of solution to the parabolic equation $( \partial_t + b\cdot \nabla + Δ_{ a}/2 +V)g =0$ with a final boundary condition. It is well-known that the viscosity solution $g$ of this PDE is represented by the Feynman-Kac formula when the drift $b$, the diffusion matrix $a$ and the scalar potential $V$ are regular enough and not growing too fast. In this article, $b$ and $V$ are not assumed to be regular and their growth is controlled by a finite entropy condition, allowing for instance $V$ to belong to some Kato class. We show that the Feynman-Kac formula represents a solution, in an extended sense, to the parabolic equation. This notion of solution is trajectorial and expressed with the semimartingale extension of the Markov generator $ b\cdot \nabla + Δ_{ a}/2.$ Our probabilistic approach relies on stochastic derivatives, semimartingales, Girsanov's theorem and the Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman equation satisfied by $\log g$.
description: To appear in Probability Theory and Related Fields. View-only version at https://rdcu.be/cS8Zm
(102701) John Shaw
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Volatility forecasting in Vietnam stock market: The role of implied volatility indices from its major trading partners
Creators: name: Ho, Tran Nhu Ngoc
Publisher: name: Macquarie University
Year: 2023
Subjects: Other education not elsewhere classified

description: This thesis studies the volatility predictability in the Vietnam stock market from its major trading partners’ implied volatility indices. In this thesis, the benchmark regression model is to investigate domestic volatility predictability, and it has been expanded internationally by including implied volatility indices of Vietnam’s five trading partners. Moreover, we have assessed the effect of all five foreign indices by applying the principal components analysis approach. To enhance robustness of the models, out-of-sample analysis has been conducted to evaluate out-of-sample forecasting accuracy through defined criteria. Furthermore, to measure economic value of volatility forecasting, performance comparison between a dynamic portfolio involving volatility timing strategies and a pure buy-and-hold portfolio is conducted. Our results show that international volatility indices play an important role in predicting Vietnam stock market’s volatility, and these results have been reinforced by the out-of-sample analysis. Finally, our approach of volatility forecasting has made valuable contributions by significant economic value generated from a volatility timing strategy.
The dual nature of the tidal tails of NGC 5904 (M5)
Creators: name: Piatti, Andrés E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The tangential velocity dispersion of stars belonging to the Milky Way globular cluster's tidal tails has recently been found from N-body simulations to be a parameter that distinguishes between cored and cuspy profiles of low-mass dwarf galaxy dark matter subhaloes where that globular cluster formed, and the in-situ formation scenario. In this context, we discovered that M5's tidal tails are composed by stars at two different metallicity regimes ([Fe/H] ~ -1.4 dex and -2.0 dex). The more metal-rich tidal tail stars are of the same metal content than M5's members and have a tangential velocity dispersion that coincides with the predicted value for a cuspy formation scenario (subhalo mass $\sim$ 10$^9$ M$_{\odot}$). The more metal-poor stars, that are found along the entire M5 tidal tails and have similar distributions to their more metal-rich counterparts in the M5 colour-magnitude diagram and orbit trajectory, have a tangential velocity dispersion that refers to a cored subhalo (mass $\sim$ 10$^9$ M$_{\odot}$) or an in-situ formation scenario. In order to reconcile the dual distribution of M5 tidal tail stars, in kinematics and chemistry, we propose that M5 collided with another more metal-poor and less massive globular cluster anytime before or after it was accreted into the Milky Way.
description: 4 pages, 1 figure. Accepted for publication in MNRAS Letters