cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Numerical Relativity in Spherical Polar Coordinates: Evolution Calculations with the BSSN Formulation
Creators: name: Baumgarte, Thomas W.
name: Montero, Pedro J.
name: Cordero-Carrión, Isabel
name: Müller, Ewald
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the absence of symmetry assumptions most numerical relativity simulations adopt Cartesian coordinates. While Cartesian coordinates have some desirable properties, spherical polar coordinates appear better suited for certain applications, including gravitational collapse and supernova simulations. Development of numerical relativity codes in spherical polar coordinates has been hampered by the need to handle the coordinate singularities at the origin and on the axis, for example by careful regularization of the appropriate variables. Assuming spherical symmetry and adopting a covariant version of the BSSN equations, Montero and Cordero-Carrión recently demonstrated that such a regularization is not necessary when a partially implicit Runge-Kutta (PIRK) method is used for the time evolution of the gravitational fields. Here we report on an implementation of the BSSN equations in spherical polar coordinates without any symmetry assumptions. Using a PIRK method we obtain stable simulations in three spatial dimensions without the need to regularize the origin or the axis. We perform and discuss a number of tests to assess the stability, accuracy and convergence of the code, namely weak gravitational waves, "hydro-without-hydro" evolutions of spherical and rotating relativistic stars in equilibrium, and single black holes.
description: 14 pages, 10 figures, submitted to PRD
Unthinking the closed personality: Norbert Elias, group analysis and unconscious processes in a research group: Part II
Creators: name: Waldhoff, Hans-Peter
Publisher: name: London : SAGE Publications Ltd.
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Congress Group
subject: Elias
subject: Foulkes
subject: Group tensions
subject: Research group
subject: analysis
subject: conference paper
subject: group analysis
subject: medical research
subject: personality
subject: training
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::100 | Philosophie::150 | Psychologie

description: In Part I of this article (Waldhoff, 2007) the author revealed Elias in the triangle between psychoanalysis, group analysis and research, discussing previously unpublished documents. Part II will record and discuss the development and dynamics of the first Congress Group ('C-Group') of the Group-Analytic Society, again with reference to previously unpublished verbatim records, and which highlight especially the relationship between Foulkes and Elias. Copyright © 2007 The Group-Analytic Society.
Gaia in-orbit realignment. Overview and data analysis
Creators: name: Mora, Alcione
name: Vosteen, Amir
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The ESA Gaia spacecraft has two Shack-Hartmann wavefront sensors (WFS) on its focal plane. They are required to refocus the telescope in-orbit due to launch settings and gravity release. They require bright stars to provide good signal to noise patterns. The centroiding precision achievable poses a limit on the minimum stellar brightness required and, ultimately, on the observing time required to reconstruct the wavefront. Maximum likelihood algorithms have been developed at the Gaia SOC. They provide optimum performance according to the Crámer-Rao lower bound. Detailed wavefront reconstruction procedures, dealing with partial telescope pupil sampling and partial microlens illumination have also been developed. In this work, a brief overview of the WFS and an in depth description of the centroiding and wavefront reconstruction algorithms is provided.
description: 14 pages, 6 figures, 2 tables, proceedings of SPIE Astronomical Telescopes + Instrumentation 2012 Conference 8442 (1-6 July 2012)
Twin-Arginine translocation-Arresting protein regions contact TatA and TatB
Creators: name: Taubert, Johannes
name: Brüser, Thomas
Publisher: name: Berlin : De Gruyter
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Membrane proteins
subject: Protein transport
subject: Protein-Protein interactions
subject: Tat system
subject: Twin-Arginine translocation
subject: carrier protein
subject: signal peptide
subject: translocon
subject: twin arginine translocation arresting protein A
subject: twin arginine translocation arresting protein B
subject: unclassified drug
subject: arginine
subject: Escherichia coli protein
subject: TatA protein, E coli
subject: TatB protein, E coli
subject: article
subject: carboxy terminal sequence
subject: controlled study
subject: in vivo study
subject: membrane transport
subject: molecular recognition
subject: priority journal
subject: protein cross linking
subject: protein domain
subject: chemical structure
subject: metabolism
subject: Arginine
subject: Escherichia coli Proteins
subject: Membrane Transport Proteins
subject: Models, Molecular
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften

description: Tat systems translocate folded proteins across biological membranes of prokaryotes and plant plastids. TatBC complexes recognize N-Terminal Tat signal peptides that contain a sequence motif with two conserved arginines (RR-Motif), and transport takes place after a recruitment of TatA. Unfolded Tat substrate domains lower translocation efficiency and too long linkers lead to translocation arrest. To identify the components that interact with transported proteins during their passage through the translocon, we used a Tat substrate that arrests translocation at a long unfolded linker region, and we chose in vivo site-Directed photo cross-Linking to specifically detect the interactions of this linker region. For comparison, we included the interactions of the signal peptide and of the folded domain at the C-Terminus of this construct. The data show that the linker contacts only two, structurally similar Tat components, namely TatA and TatB. These contacts depend on the recognition of the Tat-Specific signal peptide. Only when membrane translocation of the globular domain was allowed - i.e., in the absence of the linker - we observed the same TatAB-Contacts also to the globular domain. The data thus suggest that mature protein domains are translocated through a TatAB environment.
PRODUCTION OF OGIRI (A LOCAL FERMENTED FOOD CONDIMENT FROM CASTOR OIL SEEDS) BY THE USE OF BACTERIAL STARTER CULTURE
Creators: name: N. R, Nweze
name: Christabel, Ene
name: Sam C, Iheukwumere
name: Okoli, Chisom C
name: Ukwueze, N. M
Publisher: name: ZAP journals
Year: 2023
Subjects: Castor oil bean seed
Fermentation
Ogiri
Sensory evaluation
Proximate analysis.

description: Fermented foods are products processed through the activities of microorganisms, where the weight of the microorganisms in the food is minimal. Ogiri is a paste derived from the local fermentation of castor oil seeds (Ricinus communis). It is a traditional food common among Easterners, serving as a condiment and flavoring material in various dishes. The substrate was obtained from vendors at New and Ogbete main markets located in Enugu North, Enugu State. It was promptly transferred to the Godfrey Okoye University Microbiological Laboratory, where it underwent anaerobic fermentation both in a laboratory setting and traditionally. The sample was diluted, pour-plated, sub-cultured, and colonies were counted. Bacillus sp yielded 150 viable colonies, while Lactobacillus and Micrococcus sp yielded 130 and 115 colonies, respectively. Pure cultures believed to be Bacillus sp, Lactobacillus sp, and Micrococcus sp, isolated from the traditional type using different media (Hi-crome bacillus agar, nutrient agar, and enrichment agar), were used to ferment fresh ogiri in the lab, and the results were evaluated. Bacillus sp produced the best results among the various strains.
Temperature and pH variations of different ogiri samples (traditionally fermented ogiri, ogiri fermented with isolates, unfermented or fresh ogiri, and commercial ogiri) were determined and represented graphically. The proximate composition of these various ogiri samples was determined. The results, along with sensory evaluations, were subjected to ANOVA, which showed the significance level to be 95%.
A Hardware Time Manager Implementation for the Xenomai Real-Time Kernel of Embedded Linux
Creators: name: Olivier, Pierre
name: Boukhobza, Jalil
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Operating Systems (cs.OS)
subject: Hardware Architecture (cs.AR)
subject: Performance (cs.PF)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Nowadays, the use of embedded operating systems in different embedded projects is subject to a tremendous growth. Embedded Linux is becoming one of those most popular EOSs due to its modularity, efficiency, reliability, and cost. One way to make it hard real-time is to include a real-time kernel like Xenomai. One of the key characteristics of a Real-Time Operating System (RTOS) is its ability to meet execution time deadlines deterministically. So, the more precise and flexible the time management can be, the better it can handle efficiently the determinism for different embedded applications. RTOS time precision is characterized by a specific periodic interrupt service controlled by a software time manager. The smaller the period of the interrupt, the better the precision of the RTOS, the more it overloads the CPU, and though reduces the overall efficiency of the RTOS. In this paper, we propose to drastically reduce these overheads by migrating the time management service of Xenomai into a configurable hardware component to relieve the CPU. The hardware component is implemented in a Field Programmable Gate Array coupled to the CPU. This work was achieved in a Master degree project where students could apprehend many fields of embedded systems: RTOS programming, hardware design, performance evaluation, etc.
description: Embed With Linux (EWiLi) workshop, Lorient : France (2012)
Efimov Physics in small bosonic clusters
Creators: name: Gattobigio, M.
name: Kievsky, A.
name: Viviani, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Atomic and Molecular Clusters (physics.atm-clus)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study small clusters of bosons, $A=2,3,4,5,6$, characterized by a resonant interaction. Firstly, we use a soft-gaussian interaction that reproduces the values of the dimer binding energy and the atom-atom scattering length obtained with LM2M2 potential, a widely used $^4$He-$^4$He interaction. We change the intensity of the potential to explore the clusters' spectra in different regions with large positive and large negative values of the two-body scattering length and we report the clusters' energies on Efimov plot, which makes the scale invariance explicit. Secondly, we repeat our calculation adding a repulsive three-body force to reproduce the trimer binding energy. In all the region explored, we have found that these systems present two states, one deep and one shallow close to the $A-1$ threshold, and scale invariance has been investigated for these states. The calculations are performed by means of Hyperspherical Harmonics basis set.
description: Presented at the 20th International IUPAP Conference on Few-Body Problems in Physics, 20 - 25 August, 2012, Fukuoka, Japan
Single-cell sequencing to investigate metabolic stress in the pathology of organ injury following cardiac surgery
Creators: name: Sheikh, Sophia
Publisher: name: University of Leicester
Year: 2023
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Organ injury is a major cause of health complications and in-hospital mortality following cardiac surgery. Mechanisms of biological ageing promote the development of long-term (chronic) conditions which can increase patient susceptibility to these adverse outcomes. To characterise these underlying mechanisms at single-cell resolution, this project sought to profile transcriptomic and chromatin accessibility profiles of atrial cardiac cells from multimorbidity and non-multimorbidity patients recruited to the Ob-Card trial (NCT02908009) using single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) and single-nuclei assay for transposase-accessible chromatin sequencing (snATAC-seq). Optimised methods for single-nuclei RNA sequencing (snRNA-seq) provided a better representation of cardiomyocytes and data reproducibility than methods for scRNA-seq using mouse and human heart tissue. Peripheral blood leucocytes from patients and healthy volunteers were used to optimise methods for scRNA-seq and chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Methods for snRNA-seq were used for atrial tissue from high (n=9) and low (n=12) multimorbidity patients. Cardiomyocytes (47.2%), fibroblasts (10.2%), various subpopulations of endothelial cells, myeloid cells, lymphoid cells, and other cardiac cell types were identified. Differential gene expression and pathway enrichment analysis found a significant upregulation of translational, ribosomal, protein homeostatic, and apoptotic pathways in cardiac cell types of high multimorbidity patients, with a significant downregulation of cardiac development and contraction processes. Other cell type-specific biological ageing mechanisms, including epigenetic dysregulation, DNA damage/oxidative stress, and immune/inflammatory responses were identified. This was supported by transcription factor (TF) regulatory network and cell-type interaction analyses between immune cells and non-immune cells. snATAC-seq of snap-frozen patient atrial tissue could not be used to relate findings to changes in chromatin structure. These results provide an exploratory approach in characterising biological ageing mechanisms in cardiac cell types of high multimorbidity patients at single-cell resolution, which can help to develop effective risk stratification and therapeutic strategies to avert organ injury and poor outcomes following cardiac surgery.
Edge state transport through disordered graphene nanoribbons in the quantum Hall regime
Creators: name: Duerr, Fabian
name: Oostinga, Jeroen B.
name: Gould, Charles
name: Molenkamp, Laurens W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The presence of strong disorder in graphene nanoribbons yields low-mobility diffusive transport at high charge densities, whereas a transport gap occurs at low densities. Here, we investigate the longitudinal and transverse magnetoresistance of a narrow (60 nm) nanoribbon in a six-terminal Hall bar geometry. At B= 11 T, quantum Hall plateaux appear at $σ_{xy}=\pm2e^2/h$, $\pm6e^2/h$ and $\pm10e^2/h$, for which the Landau level spacing is larger than the Landau level broadening. Interestingly, the transport gap does not disappear in the quantum Hall regime, when the zero-energy Landau level is present at the charge neutrality point, implying that it cannot originate from a lateral confinement gap. At high charge densities, the longitudinal and Hall resistance exhibit reproducible fluctuations, which are most pronounced at the transition regions between Hall plateaux. Bias-dependent measurements strongly indicate that these fluctuations can be attributed to phase coherent scattering in the disordered ribbon.
description: experimental paper; 4 pages, 4 figures
Zur Identifikation leerer Subjekte in infinitivischen Komplementsätzen – ein semantisch-pragmatisches Modell
Creators: name: Köpcke, Klaus-Michael
name: Panther, Klaus-Uwe
Publisher: name: Berlin : Walter de Gruyter
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: obligatory control
subject: montague grammar
subject: binding
subject: reduction
subject: german
subject: roles
subject: Kontrolle
subject: Montague-Grammatik
subject: Syntax
subject: Wortverbindung
subject: Reduktion
subject: Deutsch
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::400 | Sprache, Linguistik
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::400 | Sprache, Linguistik::430 | Deutsch

description: The interpretation of empty elements, i.e. signs that have no phonetic realization, constitutes a "classical" problem in modern linguistics. Null elements have been postulated on various levels of the linguistic system and its pragmatic use, in particular, in morphology and syntax. An adequate theory of discourse comprehension also requires an account of what is not said but only conversationally implicated. In the last thirty years the interpretation of empty subjects in non-finite clauses, which is known as the "control problem", has attracted the attention of many formal syntacticians. It has however become increasingly clear that the interpretation of such empty elements is only minimally guided by syntactic principles; in addition, a number of semantic and pragmatic factors have to be taken into consideration. The aim of our contribution is to sketch a cognitively based theory of "obligatory" control that explains how general control principles interact with language-specific coding devices. We focus on German data; we surmise, however, that they also hold for other languages. In particular, we aim at elucidating the interplay of syntactic, semantic and pragmatic information in the comprehension of empty subjects in non-finite complement clauses. Using German and, to a lesser extent, English examples, we will demonstrate that the control principles we postulate account for numerous control verbs and control verb classes.
Unterdeterminiertheit in der Schnittstelle Syntax/Semantik bei Grammatikalisierungsphänomenen am Beispiel schon
Creators: name: Ferraresi, Giselle
Publisher: name: Berlin : Walter de Gruyter
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: semantic
subject: grammar
subject: Polysemie
subject: Phonologie
subject: Grammatik
subject: Polysemie
subject: Phonologie
subject: Grammatik
subject: Syntax
subject: Semantik
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::400 | Sprache, Linguistik
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::400 | Sprache, Linguistik::430 | Deutsch

description: The aim of this paper is to show the interaction between different grammatical modules in grammaticalization phenomena. Such interplay is rendered possible in particular by the underspecification present at different levels of the grammar: some lexical elements underspecified for certain features acquire functional meaning in certain syntactic positions also underspecified for their functions. It is not the syntactic position in itself which causes the acquisition of the new functional meaning, it rather depends on the interaction with the other elements in the syntactic configuration which specify each other. This quite complex process will be exemplified through the case study of the German modal particle schon. German schon is polysemous; the modal particle, the adverb and the scalar particle share a minimal common meaning, i.e. the predication of a positive state and the presupposition of a negative state on different scales. This meaning implies a contrast which is the main feature of the modal particle. All the further meaning nuances are due to a modular interplay between different factors like the verbal aspect and modality or the illocutive force of the sentence, which serve the purpose of specification of the modal meaning. As for the grammaticalization of schon, the process will be illustrated by following and then further specifying the proposal of three phases by Diewald (2002).
The modularity of the Barth-Nieto quintic and its relatives
Creators: name: Hulek, Klaus
name: Spandaw, J.
name: Van Geemen, B.
name: Van Straten, D.
Publisher: name: Berlin : Walter de Gruyter
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Calabi-Yau
subject: algebra
subject: applied mathematis
subject: Calabi-Yau-Mannigfaltigkeit
subject: Algebra
subject: Angewandte Mathematik
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::510 | Mathematik

description: The moduli space of (1, 3)-polarized abelian surfaces with full level-2 structure is birational to a double cover of the Barth Nieto quintic. Barth and Nieto have shown that these varieties have Calabi-Yau models Z and Y, respectively. In this paper we apply the Weil conjectures to show that Y and Z are rigid and we prove that the L-function of their common third e A tale cohomology group is modular, as predicted by a conjecture of Fontaine and Mazur. The corresponding modular form is the unique normalized cusp form of weight 4 for the group Gamma(1)(6). By Tate's conjecture, this should imply that Y, the fibred square of the universal elliptic curve S-1(6), and Verrill's rigid Calabi-Yau ZA(3), which all have the same L-function, are in correspondence over Q. We show that this is indeed the case by giving explicit maps.
Sparse Codes for Speech Predict Spectrotemporal Receptive Fields in the Inferior Colliculus
Creators: name: Carlson, Nicole L.
name: Ming, Vivienne L.
name: DeWeese, Michael R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: We have developed a sparse mathematical representation of speech that minimizes the number of active model neurons needed to represent typical speech sounds. The model learns several well-known acoustic features of speech such as harmonic stacks, formants, onsets and terminations, but we also find more exotic structures in the spectrogram representation of sound such as localized checkerboard patterns and frequency-modulated excitatory subregions flanked by suppressive sidebands. Moreover, several of these novel features resemble neuronal receptive fields reported in the Inferior Colliculus (IC), as well as auditory thalamus and cortex, and our model neurons exhibit the same tradeoff in spectrotemporal resolution as has been observed in IC. To our knowledge, this is the first demonstration that receptive fields of neurons in the ascending mammalian auditory pathway beyond the auditory nerve can be predicted based on coding principles and the statistical properties of recorded sounds.
description: For Supporting Information, see PLoS website: http://www.ploscompbiol.org/article/info%3Adoi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pcbi.1002594
Validation of a kinematic laserscanning system
Creators: name: Vennegeerts, Harald
name: Martin, Jens
name: Becker, Matthias
name: Kutterer, Hansjörg
Publisher: name: Berlin : Walter de Gruyter
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: mobile mapping
subject: kinematic laserscanning
subject: terrestrial lidar
subject: synchronization
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::520 | Astronomie, Kartographie

description: The increasing data rate of actual laser scanners qualifies these sensors for kinematic applications. In case of surveying static environments the scanner can be integrated into a moving platform system. Therefore two main tasks are outstanding. Position and orientation of the platform have to be registered throughout a freely driven trajectory. The second challenge is to synchronize the scanned spatial data with the time scale of the positioning unit. This paper presents the specification of a mobile mapping system using a phase-based laser scanner with a hybrid INS (Inertial Navigation System)/GPS solution. Among a description of the system structure it includes a software-based method to synchronize the scanned profiles with the trajectory. No extra hardware unit for time registration of scanned profiles is required. After all a spatial comparison of independently observed control points allows the assessment of the system performance.
Too much R&D? - vertical differentiation and monopolistic competition
Creators: name: Kranich, Jan
Publisher: name: Bingley : Emerald Group Publishing Ltd.
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Competitive strategy
subject: Monopolies
subject: Product design
subject: Research and development
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::300 | Sozialwissenschaften, Soziologie, Anthropologie::330 | Wirtschaft

description: Purpose: This paper aims to discuss whether product research and development (R&D) in developed economies tends to be too high compared with the socially desired level. Design/methodology/approach: In this context, a model of vertical and horizontal product differentiation within the Dixit-Stiglitz framework of monopolistic competition is set up. Firms compete in horizontal attributes of their products, and also in quality that can be controlled by R&D investments. Findings: The paper reveals that in monopolistic-competitive industries, R&D intensity is positively correlated with market concentration. Furthermore, welfare and policy analysis demonstrate an overinvestment in R&D with the result that vertical differentiation is too high and horizontal differentiation is too low. The only effective policy instrument in order to contain welfare losses is a price control of R&D services. Originality/value: Considering the extent of product R&D as well as the political efforts to promote public and private research, this paper scrutinizes its benefit incorporating income and employment effects. Thus, it goes beyond partial-analytical models of the existing industrial organization literature and provides a larger base of political analysis. © Emerald Group Publishing Limited.
MaMbillikalathil Govind Kumar Menon - Bibliography from MaMbillikalathil Govind Kumar Menon 28 August 1928 — 22 November 2016 Elected FRS 1970
Creators: name: Cowsik, Ramanath
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 20203 Particle Physics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: M. G. K. Menon, referred to as Goku, made his major contributions to particle physics during the tortuous years of the unravelling of the full complexity of the families of elementary particles. It was an exciting, but perplexing, period and the elucidation of the complexities of the world of elementary particles took the combined efforts of the experimentalists and the theorists. Goku's contributions were central to establishing what was eventually to become the standard picture of elementary particles. He was an experimental particle physicist who will be remembered for his studies of the two- and three-body decay modes of the charged kaon that gave rise to the ‘Tau-Theta’ puzzle signalling non-conservation of parity. He coined the evocative phrase ‘associated production’ to describe the creation of kaons and hyperons together in high-energy interactions. He led a team that carried out experiments at great depths underground and in 1965 detected an event in which a cosmic ray neutrino interacted with rock producing an energetic muon, and later in the 1980s set a lower bound on the lifetime for the decay of the proton. Menon was a great builder of academic and scientific institutions and an outstanding statesman of science. Accordingly, he stimulated and participated actively in building up the scientific and technological infrastructure in independent India, initially as the secretary of the Government of India and the chair of the Electronics Commission, and subsequently as a member of the parliament and the minister of state for science and technology. As the president of the International Council of Scientific Unions, he spearheaded its participation in the policymaking body of the United Nations. He was at various times the president of the three leading academies of sciences in India and a founding member and vice-president of The World Academy of Sciences. He was a gentle and loving family man and an energetic and engaged scientific colleague.
Particle-in-Cell simulations of electron spin effects in plasmas
Creators: name: Brodin, G.
name: Holkundkar, A.
name: Marklund, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have here developed a particle-in-cell code accounting for the magnetic dipole force and for the magnetization currents associated with the electron spin. The electrons is divided into spin-up and spin-down populations relative to the magnetic field, where the magnetic dipole force acts in opposite directions for the two species. To validate the code, we have studied the wakefield generation by an electromagnetic pulse propagating parallel to an external magnetic field. The properties of the generated wakefield is shown to be in good quantitative agreement with previous theoretical results. Generalizations of the code to account for more quantum effects is discussed
description: 5 pages, 6 figures
Sources of variability in language development of children with cochlear implants: Age at implantation, parental language, and early features of children's language construction
Creators: name: Szagun, G.
name: Schramm, S.A.
Publisher: name: Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: child language
subject: cochlear implants (CI)
subject: children's language construction
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::400 | Sprache, Linguistik

description: The aim of the present study was to analyze the relative influence of age at implantation, parental expansions, and child language internal factors on grammatical progress in children with cochlear implants (CI). Data analyses used two longitudinal corpora of spontaneous speech samples, one with twenty-two and one with twenty-six children, implanted between 0;6 and 3;10. Analyses were performed on the combined and separate samples. Regression analyses indicate that early child MLU is the strongest predictor of child MLU two and two-and-a-half years later, followed by parental expansions and age at implantation. Associations between earliest MLU gains and MLU two years later point to stability of individual differences. Early type and token frequencies of determiners predict MLU two years later more strongly than early frequency of lexical words. We conclude that features of CI children's very early language have considerable predictive value for later language outcomes. Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2015.
Radial Metallicity Distribution Breaks at Corotation Radius in Spiral Galaxies
Creators: name: Scarano, Sergio
name: Lépine, Jacques R. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyzed the relation between the corotation radii and the galactic radii at which breaks or changes of slope of the metallicity gradients occur in spiral galaxies. With this purpose we compiled the results from the literature on rotation curves, corotation radii and radial metallicity distributions of 27 galaxies, of which 16 were considered qualified to be studied in the context of this work. We re-scaled all references of each galaxy to a same framework in order to compare the results and to identify the radii where breaks and changes of slopes are found, when non-linear models fit the radial metallicities better than a linear model. In most galaxies we have found minima and breaks in radial metallicity near the corotation radius, revealing a significant correlation between these two radii, as it occurs in our Galaxy. The results are interpreted as a consequence of long-lived spiral structures, in which the star-formation rate depends on the distance to the corotation radius, producing secular effects in the observed radial metallicity distributions.
description: 20 pages, 5 figures, 4 tables. Accepted for publication in MNRAS. (MN-12-0359-MJ.R2)
Structural evidence of anomeric effects in the anesthetic isoflurane
Creators: name: Lesarri, Alberto
name: Vega-Toribio, Alicia
name: Suenram, Richard D.
name: Brugh, Dale J.
name: Nori-Shargh, Davood
name: Boggs, James E.
name: Grabow, Jens-Uwe
Publisher: name: Cambridge : Royal Society of Chemistry
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: anesthetic agent
subject: isoflurane
subject: article
subject: chemical structure
subject: chemistry
subject: conformation
subject: isomerism
subject: rotation
subject: spectroscopy
subject: thermodynamics
subject: Anesthetics
subject: Isoflurane
subject: Isomerism
subject: Models, Molecular
subject: Molecular Conformation
subject: Rotation
subject: Spectrum Analysis
subject: Thermodynamics
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::540 | Chemie

description: The conformational and structural properties of the inhalational anesthetic isoflurane (1-chloro-2,2,2-trifluoroethyl difluoromethyl ether) have been probed in a supersonic jet expansion using Fourier-transform microwave (FT-MW) spectroscopy. Two conformers of the isolated molecule were identified from the rotational spectrum of the parent and several 37Cl and 13C isotopologues detected in natural abundance. The two most stable structures of isoflurane are characterized by an anti carbon skeleton (τ(C 1-C2-O-C3) = 137.8(11)° or 167.4(19)°), differing in the trans (AT) or gauche (AG) orientation of the difluoromethyl group. The conformational abundances in the jet were estimated from relative intensity measurements as (AT)/(AG) ≈ 31. The structural preferences of the molecule have been rationalized with supporting ab initio calculations and natural-bond-orbital (NBO) analysis, which suggest that the molecule is stabilized by hyperconjugative effects. The NBO analysis of donor-acceptor (LP → σ*) interactions showed that these stereoelectronic effects decrease from the AT to AG conformations, so the conformational preferences can be accounted for in terms of the generalized anomeric effect. © 2011 the Owner Societies.
Studying Alzheimer disease, Parkinson disease, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis with 7-T magnetic resonance
Creators: name: Düzel, Emrah
name: Costagli, Mauro
name: Donatelli, Graziella
name: Speck, Oliver
name: Cosottini, Mirco
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Alzheimer disease,
subject: Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
subject: Magnetic resonance imaging
subject: Neurodegenerative diseases
subject: Parkinson disease
subject: 610.72

description: Ultra-high-field (UHF) magnetic resonance (MR) scanners, that is, equipment operating at static magnetic field of 7 tesla (7 T) and above, enable the acquisition of data with greatly improved signal-to-noise ratio with respect to conventional MR systems (e.g., scanners operating at 1.5 T and 3 T). The change in tissue relaxation times at UHF offers the opportunity to improve tissue contrast and depict features that were previously inaccessible. These potential advantages come, however, at a cost: in the majority of UHF-MR clinical protocols, potential drawbacks may include signal inhomogeneity, geometrical distortions, artifacts introduced by patient respiration, cardiac cycle, and motion. This article reviews the 7 T MR literature reporting the recent studies on the most widespread neurodegenerative diseases: Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.
Experimental quality assessment of thermoplastic composite corner regions manufactured using laser-assisted tape placement
Creators: name: Peeters, Daniël
name: JONES, DAVID
name: O'HIGGINS, RONAN
name: WEAVER, PAUL
Publisher: name: University of Limerick
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 40
subject: Engineering

description: Over the past 25 years, interest in thermoplastic composites in aircraft has steadily increased. Combining winding and laser-assisted tape placement is a promising method to manufacture thermoplastic structures using in-situ consolidation, as shown recently by manufacturing a variable stiffness, unitized, integrated-stiffener thermoplastic wingbox at the University of Limerick. The corner regions are a critical point of the structure and require in-depth characterization studies, for example by unfolding L-shaped samples in a 4-point bend test. In this work, samples with radii varying from 2 to 10 mm were manufactured and tested. Two manufacturing parameters were varied: the rotational speed and acceleration of the tool. Test data show that decreasing the radius increases the corner strength, but an optimum radius exists to withstand a maximum unfolding force/moment. In addition, the slowest deposition rate with least acceleration of the head used during manufacturing lead to the highest corner strength for the same radius.
Study of Oxygen Minimum Zones via Oxygen-Plankton Dynamics: A Mathematical Modelling Approach
Creators: name: Alhassan, Yazeed N.
Publisher: name: University of Leicester
Year: 2023
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Understanding the dynamics of the dissolved oxygen in the ocean is important for several reasons. Dissolved oxygen is known to be an important characteristic of the marine ecosystem’s health. Also, it is estimated that more than half of the oxygen present in the atmosphere is produced in the oceans due to the photosynthetic activity of phytoplankton. Any decrease in phytoplankton oxygen production is thus likely to have catastrophic consequences not only in marine systems but more globally. This thesis aims to provide an investigation into possible routes of oxygen depletion where the rate of oxygen production depends on water temperature due to climate change. In Chapter 2, we will show by considering a reaction–diffusion model of oxygen– phytoplankton dynamics that the travelling front can be linked to oxygen minimum zone (OMZ) growth, which generally agrees with observations. The distribution of oxygen in the ocean is highly heterogeneous, resulting in the formation of oxygen minimum zones in the vertical direction. Factors and processes controlling the dynamics of OMZs have recently been attracting considerable attention. In Chapter 3 , we attempt to address this issue theoretically by developing a novel mathematical model. This model considers the oxygen production by phytoplankton in photosynthesis and its diffusion through the water column. Depending on the values of model parameters, the oxygen-plankton model can exhibit a variety of dynamical behaviors. In particular, the large population gradient can facilitate the persistence of the oxygen-plankton system, which exhibits irregular spatiotemporal oscillation patterns in their habitat. Such large gradients can be interpreted as ocean front-like shape that are typical in the ocean. As an assisted investigation by means of computer simulations, in Chapter 4, we observe that irregular oscillations emerge when the water temperature parameter is within the instabilities of the Hopf-bifurcation region.
Hydroxyl-yne click reaction for facile modification of commercial polyvinyl butyral
Creators: name: Akar, Emre
name: Gunay, Ufuk Saim
name: Durmaz, Hakan
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Virology

description: Hydroxyl-yne click reaction, the reaction between mainly primary or secondary alcohols and electron-deficient alkynes in the presence of a catalytic amount of base, fulfills many requirements of “click” reactions, such as high efficiency, stereoselectivity, and mild reaction conditions. The reaction has proven to be useful for both small organic molecules and has then gained much popularity in polymer synthesis. In this study, we aimed to investigate the efficiency of hydroxyl-yne click reaction for post-polymerization modification (PPM) of commercial polymers possessing alcohol functionality. Polyvinyl butyral with some degree of free OH units was chosen as the polymer platform and modified with various propiolate esters in the presence of 1,4-diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane (DABCO) as the organobase at room temperature in only 5 min, affording vinyl ether pendant polymers only in E-configuration. The modified polymers were obtained in high to quantitative efficiencies and high yields, and their chemical structures were confirmed by several spectroscopic analyses. We believe the presented strategy will extend our knowledge of X-yne click reactions and emerge as a powerful tool for the PPM method.
Stepwise synthesis of sandwich-structured composite zeolite membranes with enhanced separation selectivity
Creators: name: Huang, Aisheng
name: Wang, Nanyi
name: Caro, Jürgen
Publisher: name: Cambridge : Royal Society of Chemistry
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: 3 aminopropyltriethoxysilane
subject: aluminum nitrate
subject: hydrogen
subject: zeolite
subject: article
subject: binding affinity
subject: chemical binding
subject: chemical structure
subject: composite material
subject: synthesis
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::540 | Chemie

description: Sandwich-structured composite zeolite membranes with enhanced hydrogen selectivity were prepared on porous α-Al 2O 3 supports by using 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane as an interlayer. © 2012 The Royal Society of Chemistry.
Ten key issues in modern flow chemistry
Creators: name: Wegner, Jens
name: Ceylan, Sascha
name: Kirschning, Andreas
Publisher: name: Cambridge : Royal Society of Chemistry
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: bioreactor
subject: catalyst
subject: flow chemistry
subject: flow kinetics
subject: flow rate
subject: heat transfer
subject: microfluidics
subject: organic chemistry
subject: particle size
subject: photochemistry
subject: pressure
subject: review
subject: synthesis
subject: Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid
subject: Microfluidic Analytical Techniques
subject: Microwaves
subject: Molecular Structure
subject: Organic Chemicals
subject: Pressure
subject: Stereoisomerism
subject: Temperature
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::540 | Chemie

description: Ten essentials of synthesis in the flow mode, a new enabling technology in organic chemistry, are highlighted as flashlighted providing an insight into current and future issues and developments in this field. © The Royal Society of Chemistry 2011.
Risk of infection in patients with hematological malignancies receiving CAR T-cell therapy: systematic review and meta-analysis
Creators: name: Dizman, Gülçin Telli
name: Aguado, José María
name: Fernández-Ruiz, Mario
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy has emerged as a promising treatment option for relapsed or refractory B-cell malignancies and multiple myeloma. Underlying and treatment-related variables may contribute to the development of infectious complications. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis on the incidence of overall and severe (grade ≥3) infection in patients with hematological malignancies receiving CAR T-cells. Secondary outcomes included the specific rates of bacterial, viral and invasive fungal infection (IFI), and infection-related mortality. PubMed, Embase and Web of Science databases were searched from inception to 27 May 2022. Sensitivity analysis were performed according to the type of malignancy and study design (randomized clinical trials [RCTs] or observational studies). Forty-five studies (34 RCTs) comprising 3,591 patients were included. The pooled incidence rates of overall and severe infection were 33.8% (I2 = 96.31%) and 16.2% (I2 = 74.41%). The respiratory tract was the most common site of infection. Most events were bacterial or viral, whereas the occurrence of IFI was rare. The pooled attributable mortality was 1.8% (I2 = 43.44%). Infection is a frequent adverse event in patients receiving CAR T-cell therapy. Further research should address specific risk factors in this population.
Effective properties of particulate nano-composites including Steigmann-Ogden model of material surface
Creators: name: Nazarenko, Lidiia
name: Stolarski, Henryk
name: Altenbach, Holm
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Spherical nanoparticles
subject: Composites of stochastic structure
subject: Size-dependent effective properties
subject: Steigmannogden interface model
subject: 621.8

description: The objective of this work is inclusion of the Steigmann-Ogden interface in the Method of Conditional Moments to investigate the influence of surface effects on the effective properties of random particulate composites. The particular focus is centered on accounting for the surface bending stiffness. To this end, the notion of the energy-equivalent inhomogeneity developed for Gurtin–Murdoch interface is generalized to include the surface bending contribution. The crucial aspect of that generalization is identification of the formula defining energy associated with the surface bending. With the help of that formula, the real nano-particle and its surface are replaced by equivalent inhomogeneity with properties incorporating the surface effects. Closed-form expressions for the effective moduli of a composite with a matrix and randomly distributed spherical inhomogeneities are derived. The normalized shear moduli of nanoporous material as a function of void volume fraction is analyzed and evaluated in the context of other theoretical predictions.
Tuning excitability by alloying: the Rh(111)/Ni/H2 + O2 system
Creators: name: Smolinsky, T.
name: Homann, M.
name: Imbihl, R.
Publisher: name: Cambridge : Royal Society of Chemistry
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: O2
subject: H2
subject: physical chemistry
subject: Bimetallic catalysts
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::540 | Chemie

description: The dynamic behavior of the O2 + H2 reaction on a Rh(111) surface alloyed with Ni has been studied in the 10(-5) mbar range using photoemission electron microscopy (PEEM) as a spatial resolving method. For T = 773 K and p(O2) = 5 x 10(-5) mbar the bifurcation diagram has been mapped out as a function of the Ni coverage in a range of 0 ML = Theta(Ni) >/= 1.3 ML. A critical Ni coverage of Theta(Ni,crit) = 0.13 monolayers (ML) is required for excitability. In the excitable parameter range pulse trains and irregular chemical wave patterns are found. Whereas the propagation speed of the pulses exhibits no clear-cut dependence on the Ni coverage, the frequency of the local PEEM intensity oscillations increases linearly with Ni coverage in the range from Theta(Ni) = 0.13 ML to Theta(Ni) = 1.3 ML.
Similarity Considerations on Wall Heat Losses in Internal Combustion Engines
Creators: name: Eilts, P.
Publisher: name: London : SAGE Publications Ltd.
Year: 1991
Subjects: subject: Heat Transfer--Walls
subject: Heat Losses
subject: Working Cycle
subject: Internal Combustion Engines
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::620 | Ingenieurwissenschaften und Maschinenbau

description: The drop in wall heat losses with increasing engine size is shown not to be due to the decreasing surface-volume ratio, because this influence is compensated by the engine speed, which also drops. Instead, the heat-transfer coefficient decreases as the cylinder bore becomes larger. The dependence of the heat-transfer coefficient on engine size is explained using Reynolds analogy. This dependence can be used to determine approximately changes in wall heat losses resulting from differences in engine size and the subsequent effects on indicated efficiency. It is found that only a minor part of the differences in efficiency between small and large engines is due to size-dependent changes in wall heat losses. © 1991, Institution of Mechanical Engineers. All rights reserved.