cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
EGI e-infrastructure - Advanced computing services for science
Creators: name: La Rocca, Giuseppe
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Presentation given to the EGI - ACONET Austrian community workshop held on 27 April, 2023 in Salzburg, Austria. The EGI Federation is an international e-Infrastructure established in 2010, based on the results of several European projects, to provide advanced computing and data analytics services for research and innovation. EGI federates compute, storage resources, scientific datasets and various digital platforms and data analysis and simulation environments from over 300 international institutes, and makes these available for researchers, public authorities, companies and educators in Europe and worldwide. EGI is an open federation, and the ACONET Association, representing a consortium of Austrian universities and research organisations, is an EGI member since 2022.
 This presentation will introduce the EGI federation as an aggregator of national capabilities, and will explain the several ways in which Austrian scientists, scientific projects, IT service providers and other stakeholders can benefit from the EGI technical and support services. The presentation will cover scenarios in cluster, cloud and HPC computing, distributed computing, containers, big data applications, Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning, disciplinary science web gateways, data federations and spaces, scientific reproducibility with Notebooks and Binder.
Experimental Evidence of Fluctuation-Dissipation Theorem Violation in a Superspin Glass
Creators: name: Komatsu, Katsuyoshi
name: L'Hote, D.
name: Nakamae, Sawako
name: Mosser, Vincent
name: Konczykowski, Marcin
name: Dubois, Emmanuelle
name: Dupuis, V.
name: Perzynski, Régine
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the experimental observation of the fluctuation-dissipation theorem (FDT) violation in an assembly of interacting magnetic nanoparticles in the low temperature superspin glass phase. The magnetic noise is measured with a two-dimension electron gas Hall probe and compared to the out of phase ac susceptibility of the same ferrofluid. For "intermediate" aging times of the order of 1 h, the ratio of the effective temperature $T_{\rm eff}$ to the bath temperature T grows from 1 to 6.5 when T is lowered from $T_g$ to 0.3 $T_g$, regardless of the noise frequency. These values are comparable to those measured in an atomic spin glass as well as those calculated for a Heisenberg spin glass.
Burnside's Problem, spanning trees, and tilings
Creators: name: Seward, Brandon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 20F65 (Primary) 05C25, 05C63 (Secondary)

description: In this paper we study geometric versions of Burnside's Problem and the von Neumann Conjecture. This is done by considering the notion of a translation-like action. Translation-like actions were introduced by Kevin Whyte as a geometric analogue of subgroup containment. Whyte proved a geometric version of the von Neumann Conjecture by showing that a finitely generated group is non-amenable if and only if it admits a translation-like action by any (equivalently every) non-abelian free group. We strengthen Whyte's result by proving that this translation-like action can be chosen to be transitive when the acting free group is finitely generated. We furthermore prove that the geometric version of Burnside's Problem holds true. That is, every finitely generated infinite group admits a translation-like action by $\Z$. This answers a question posed by Whyte. In pursuit of these results we discover an interesting property of Cayley graphs: every finitely generated infinite group $G$ has some Cayley graph having a regular spanning tree. This regular spanning tree can be chosen to have degree 2 (and hence be a bi-infinite Hamiltonian path) if and only if $G$ has finitely many ends, and it can be chosen to have any degree greater than 2 if and only if $G$ is non-amenable. We use this last result to then study tilings of groups. We define a general notion of polytilings and extend the notion of MT groups and ccc groups to the setting of polytilings. We prove that every countable group is poly-MT and every finitely generated group is poly-ccc.
description: 24 pages; 1 figure; minor revisions
Writers want AI collaborators to respect their personal values and writing strategies : a human-centered perspective on AI co-writing
Creators: name: Biermann, Oloff C.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2022

description: Modern large-scale language models approach the quality of human-level writing. This promises the advent of Artificial Intelligence (AI) writing companions performing AI-led writing under human control, surpassing traditional writing tools limited to revision and ideation supports. However, human-AI co-writing may endanger writers’ control, autonomy, and ownership by overstepping co-creative boundaries. My research team and I first conducted a design workbook study with 7 hobbyists and 13 professional writers and elicited three sets of primary barriers to the adoption of human-AI co-writing. Storywriters desire retaining control over writing rather than letting AI take the lead when they (1) prioritize emotional values in turning ideas into words over the productivity of AI-generated writing; (2) have high self-confidence and distrust AI in challenging sub-tasks (e.g., creating characters and dialogue); and (3) expect the AI control mechanism to mismatch their writing strategies. To expand on the results of the design workbook study, I led the design of two AI-assisted writing tools which support UX scenario writing. I subsequently conducted a summative evaluation of these systems. Participants prioritized productivity and reacted positively to both systems, perceiving them as Creativity Support Tools (CST)’s for achieving prolific writing. The results reveal how the tool design interacted with designers’ value structure: both systems allowed them to maintain their integrity and enhance their enjoyment. Additionally, increased control promoted a greater sense of ownership and satisfaction, while adding additional overhead for the designer. This work lays the groundwork for AI companions that respect storywriters’ personal values and writing methods.
Correction due to finite speed of light in absolute gravimeters
Creators: name: Nagornyi, V D
name: Zanimonskiy, Y M
name: Zanimonskiy, Y Y
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Correction due to finite speed of light is among the most inconsistent ones in absolute gravimetry. Formulas reported by different authors yield corrections scattered up to 8 $μ$Gal with no obvious reasons. The problem, though noted before, has never been studied, and nowadays the correction is rather postulated than rigorously proven. In this paper we make an attempt to revise the subject. Like other authors, we use physical models based on signal delays and the Doppler effect, however, in implementing the models we additionally introduce two scales of time associated with moving and resting reflectors, derive a set of rules to switch between the scales, and establish the equivalence of trajectory distortions as obtained from either time delay or distance progression. The obtained results enabled us to produce accurate correction formulas for different types of instruments, and to explain the differences in the results obtained by other authors. We found that the correction derived from the Doppler effect is accountable only for $\frac23$ of the total correction due to finite speed of light, if no signal delays are considered. Another major source of inconsistency was found in the tacit use of simplified trajectory models.
Bibliométrie : Au-Delà des Nombres, la Science dans les Données
Creators: name: Maddi, Abdelghani
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Présentation dans le cadre de l'Atelier Méthodes du Centre Emile Durkheim du 07 décembre 2023. Cet atelier offre une opportunité d'explorer la bibliométrie, un domaine clé dans le paysage de la recherche contemporaine. Au-delà de son utilisation, parfois abusive, dans l'évaluation de la recherche scientifique, la bibliométrie détient des trésors d'informations pour faciliter le travail quotidien des doctorants, chercheurs, bibliothécaires et autres professionnels de la recherche.
Au cours de cet atelier, les participants plongeront au cœur des mécanismes de la bibliométrie. Ils apprendront à utiliser ces données de publication scientifique pour rechercher des références bibliographiques pertinentes, identifier les courants de pensée dominants dans un domaine et cartographier l'évolution de la science. Cette exploration permettra de dépasser la simple évaluation de la recherche pour embrasser les multiples facettes de la bibliométrie.
En comprenant comment les données bibliométriques peuvent être employées de manière innovante, les participants acquerront des compétences pratiques pour améliorer leur efficacité dans leurs activités quotidiennes. Que ce soit dans la recherche de documentaire, la compréhension des tendances de recherche ou la cartographie des interactions entre chercheurs et institutions, cet atelier offre un éclairage complet sur les nombreuses possibilités offertes par la bibliométrie.
Duality of force laws and Conformal transformations
Creators: name: Kothawala, Dawood
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: As was first noted by Isaac Newton, the two most famous ellipses of classical mechanics, arising out of the force laws F~r and F~1/r^2, can be mapped onto each other by changing the location of center-of-force. What is perhaps less well known is that this mapping can also be achieved by the complex transformation, z -> z^2. We give a simple derivation of this result (and its generalization) by writing the Gaussian curvature in its "covariant" form, and then changing the \emph{metric} by a conformal transformation which "mimics" this mapping of the curves. The final result also yields a relationship between Newton's constant G, mass M of the central attracting body in Newton's law, the energy E of the Hooke's law orbit, and the angular momenta of the two orbits. We also indicate how the conserved Laplace-Runge-Lenz vector for the 1/r^2 force law transforms under this transformation, and compare it with the corresponding quantities for the linear force law. Our main aim is to present this duality in a geometric fashion, by introducing elementary notions from differential geometry.
description: 8 pages, 1 figure; typos fixed, references added, matches version accepted in Am. J. Phys
Work fluctuations for a harmonic oscillator driven by an external random force
Creators: name: Sabhapandit, Sanjib
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The fluctuations of the work done by an external Gaussian random force on a harmonic oscillator that is also in contact with a thermal bath is studied. We have obtained the exact large deviation function as well as the complete asymptotic forms of the probability density function. The distribution of the work done are found to be non-Gaussian. The steady state fluctuation theorem holds only if the ratio of the variances, of the external random forcing and the thermal noise respectively, is less than 1/3. On the other hand, the transient fluctuation theorem holds (asymptotically) for all the values of that ratio. The theoretical asymptotic forms of the probability density function are in very good agreement with the numerics as well as with an experiment.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures
Sequential sidelong balloon remodeling technique in coil embolization of a wide-necked basilar tip aneurysm
Creators: name: Zeenat Qureshi Stroke Institutes
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: The use of balloon remodeling technique for coil embolization has developed into a safe alternative to stent assisted coil embolization for wide-necked aneurysms. Dual antiplatelet therapy when a stent is placed for assistance in the treatment of ruptured aneurysms is of concern. There are cases in which a single balloon seems insufficient to protect from coil herniation, like when two vessels are in the proximity of the side of the aneurysm neck. Techniques using two balloons for remodeling have been described; however, dual vascular access may be required. A case is presented in which a ruptured basilar tip wide-necked aneurysm was treated with a single balloon, using a sequential sidelong balloon remodeling technique. Complete embolization of the aneurysm was achieved maintaining patency of bilateral posterior cerebral arteries
Undergraduate student nurses' perspectives on coping with psychological trauma
Creators: name: Chhun, Raymond
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2025

description: Nursing students face many challenges in undergraduate education. They are often exposed to complex academic and clinical situations that can cause or trigger past traumas, leaving them vulnerable to emotional and psychological fatigue. Nursing research on psychological trauma has evolved to produce important knowledge from patient and nurse perspectives, but little is known about psychological trauma as experienced by nursing students. Considering that most students will be struck with one or more major traumas and will likely be exposed to nurse-specific traumas after graduation, it was necessary to explore what resilient factors influence how students manage the everyday stress of psychological trauma and nursing education. Interpretive description was used to guide the research design and data analysis. The sample consisted of nine undergraduate nursing students in their first and second years of an accelerated two-year program in Western Canada. Data was collected using 45- to 90-minute semi-structured interviews. The key findings indicated that external protective factors of resilience were essential to cultivating resilience. Nursing students indeed have the internal resources to help them thrive in the most emotionally and physically demanding situations, but those internal resources are seldom useful unless they are also given the external resources they need to succeed. It was my hope that the findings and recommendations from this study enable nursing institutions, nursing administration, and faculty leaders to cultivate resilience in nursing students by creating learning environments that accommodate the needs of students as they cope with the everyday stressors of trauma and nursing school. Shifting nursing culture, trauma-informed educational practices (TIEP), psychological safety, and meaningful teacher-learner relationship are ways to cultivate resilience in nursing students.
Forensic readiness of industrial control systems under stealthy attacks
Creators: name: Azzam, Mazen
name: Pasquale, Liliana
name: Provan, Gregory
name: NUSEIBEH, BASHAR
Publisher: name: University of Limerick
Year: 2023
Subjects: Software engineering

description: Cyberattacks against Industrial Control Systems (ICS) can have harmful physical impacts. Investigating such attacks can be difficult, as evidence could be lost to physical damage. This is especially true with stealthy attacks; i.e., attacks that can evade detection. In this paper, we aim to engineer Forensic Readi?ness (FR) in safety-critical, geographically distributed ICS, by proactively collecting potential evidence of stealthy attacks. The collection of all data generated by an ICS at all times is infeasible due to the large volume of such data. Hence, our approach only triggers data collection when there is the possibility for a potential stealthy attack to cause damage. We determine the conditions for such an event by performing predictive, model-based, safety checks. Furthermore, we use the geographical layout of the ICS and the safety predictions to identify data that is at risk of being lost due to damage, i.e., relevant data. Finally, to reduce the control performance overhead resulting from real-time data collection, we select a subset of relevant data to collect by performing a trade-off between expected impact of the attack and the estimated cost of collection. We demonstrate these ideas using simulations of the widely-used Tennessee– Eastman Process (TEP) benchmark. We show that the proposed approach does not miss relevant data and results in a reduced control performance overhead compared to the case when all data generated by the ICS is collected. We also showcase the applicability of our approach in improving the efficiency of existing ICS forensic log analysis tools.
Higher-derivative gauge interactions of Bagger-Lambert-Gustavsson theory in N=1 superspace
Creators: name: Ketov, Sergei V.
name: Kobayashi, Shutaro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the structure of the gauge sector of the Bagger-Lambert-Gustavsson (BLG) theory in the form proposed by van Raamsdonk, adapted to 3D, N=1 superspace. By using the novel Higgs mechanism proposed by Mukhi and Papageorgakis, we derive the manifestly N=1 supersymmetric higher-order terms (beyond the supersymmetric Yang-Mills action) that follow from the BLG theory in its expansion with respect to the inverse gauge coupling constant squared. We find that all those terms have at least one anti-commutator of the super-YM field strength superfields as a factor, and thus are reducible to the SYM terms with the higher (spacetime) derivatives.
description: 13 pages, LaTeX2e, no figures (title changed, few comments and references added)
title: Χώρος και Αφήγηση - Αφήγηση και Χώρος
title: Χώρος και Αφήγηση - Αφήγηση και Χώρος
Creators: name: Moira, Maria
name: Makris, Dimitrios
Publisher: name: Kallipos, Open Academic Editions
Year: 2023
Subjects: Αφήγηση
Λογοτεχνία
Λογοτεχνική Γεωγραφία
Σχεδιασμός
Αστικός Χώρος
Επαυξημένη Πραγματικότητα
Δηλωτική Μοντελοποίηση
Συλλογική και Πολιτιστική Μνήμη
Νεωτερική Πόλη
Narration
Literature
Literature geography
Collective and cultural memory
Urban space
Augmenteted reality
Declarative modelling
Modern city
Design

description: Χώρος και Αφήγηση - Αφήγηση και Χώρος
description: Χώρος και Αφήγηση - Αφήγηση και Χώρος
Critical properties of the half-filled Hubbard model in three dimensions
Creators: name: Rohringer, G.
name: Toschi, A.
name: Katanin, A. A.
name: Held, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: By means of the dynamical vertex approximation (D$Γ$A) we include spatial correlations on all length scales beyond the dynamical mean field theory (DMFT) for the half-filled Hubbard model in three dimensions. The most relevant changes due to non-local fluctuations are: (i) a deviation from the mean-field critical behavior with the same critical exponents as for the three dimensional Heisenberg (anti)-ferromagnet and (ii) a sizable reduction of the Néel temperature ($T_N$) by $\sim 30%$ for the onset of antiferromagnetic order. Finally, we give a quantitative estimate of the deviation of the spectra between D$Γ$A and DMFT in different regions of the phase-diagram.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures; accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. Lett
Systematic Review Pre-registration- Role of disgust in socio-cultural stigma.
Creators: name: Shermy Baiju
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: socio-cultural outgroups
subject: stigma
subject: disgust

description: A review of literature that looks at the role of disgust in stigmatizing attitudes towards those in socio-cultural outgroups.
A simple sequential one-pot synthesis of 4-aryl thiazole-based Schiff bases
Creators: name: Dhanapal, Preethi
name: Manju, S L
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Thiazole based Schiff base scaffolds in recent years have become the integral part of the drug development. These scaffolds are gaining much importance due to their widespread uses as versatile building blocks for the construction of lead drug molecules. Their excellent biological activities have encouraged us to prepare newer compounds with aryl group in the fourth position of thiazoles incorporating azomethine linkages. The strategies so far reported to obtain 4-aryl thiazoles are time consuming, tedious, and costly. In this context, we report a facile one pot synthetic method to obtain novel 4-aryl thiazoles with excellent yield (83–98%), lesser reaction time (40 min) and under milder conditions with no catalyst and no purification techniques.
Design, synthesis and antimicrobial activity of heteroannulated chromeno[3′,2′:5,6]pyrido[2,3-d][1,3]thiazolo[3,2-a]pyrimidines
Creators: name: Alshareef, F. M.
name: Al-Harbi, Sami A.
name: Allehyani, Esam S.
name: Abdullah, Omeima
name: Ibrahim, Magdy A.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Plant Biology

description: The current research is directed to construct a novel category of linear annulated chromeno[3`,2`:5,6]pyrido[2,3-d][1,3]thiazolo[3,2-a]pyrimidines. The chemical reactivity of the recently synthesized aldehyde 1 was examined toward a diversity cyclic methylene ketones, cyclic enamines and cyclic enols. Friedländer condensation of aldehyde 1 with 1,3-cyclohexanediones gave the multi-linear chromenopyrido- pyrimidothiazoloquinolines 2 and 3. Also, treating aldehyde 1 with some pyrazolones furnished annulated chromenopyridopyrazolopyridothiazolopyrimidines 4-6. Further, 1,3-thiazolidine-2,4-dione and barbituric acid condensed with aldehyde 1 giving chromenopyridothiazolopyridothiazolopyrimidine 7 and chromenopyridopyrimido-thiazolopyridopyrimidine 8, respectively. Moreover, reacting aldehyde 1 with cyclic enamines (6-amino-2-thiouracil and 6-amino-1,3-dimethyluracil) and cyclic enols (4-hydroxycoumarin and 1-ethyl-4-hydroxyquinolin-2(1H)-one) furnished polyfused heterocycles 9-12, respectively. During in vitro investigation of the antimicrobial efficiency, the synthesized compounds showed considerable activity against yeast and fungal strains, as well as moderate to high activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Polyfused compounds 4-6 showed significant efficiency against all types of tested microorganisms.
The first gamma-ray outburst of a Narrow-Line Seyfert 1 Galaxy: the case of PMN J0948+0022 in July 2010
Creators: name: Foschini, L.
name: Ghisellini, G.
name: Kovalev, Y. Y.
name: Lister, M. L.
name: D'Ammando, F.
name: Thompson, D. J.
name: Tramacere, A.
name: Angelakis, E.
name: Donato, D.
name: Falcone, A.
name: Fuhrmann, L.
name: Hauser, M.
name: Kovalev, Yu. A.
name: Mannheim, K.
name: Maraschi, L.
name: Max-Moerbeck, W.
name: Nestoras, I.
name: Pavlidou, V.
name: Pearson, T. J.
name: Pushkarev, A. B.
name: Readhead, A. C. S.
name: Richards, J. L.
name: Stevenson, M. A.
name: Tagliaferri, G.
name: Tibolla, O.
name: Tavecchio, F.
name: Wagner, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on a multiwavelength campaign on the radio-loud Narrow-Line Seyfert 1 (NLS1) Galaxy PMN J0948+0022 (z=0.5846) performed in 2010 July-September and triggered by a high-energy gamma-ray outburst observed by the Large Area Telescope (LAT) onboard the Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope. The peak flux in the 0.1-100 GeV energy band exceeded, for the first time in this type of source, the value of 10^-6 ph cm^-2 s^-1, corresponding to an observed luminosity of 10^48 erg s^-1. Although the source was too close to the Sun position to organize a densely sampled follow-up, it was possible to gather some multiwavelength data that confirmed the state of high activity across the sampled electromagnetic spectrum. The comparison of the spectral energy distribution of the NLS1 PMN J0948+0022 with that of a typical blazar - like 3C 273 - shows that the power emitted at gamma rays is extreme.
description: 8 pages, 7 figures, 2 tables. Accepted for the publication on MNRAS Main Journal. Typo in bibliography corrected
An efficient synthesis of C-6 aminated 3-bromoimidazo[1,2-b]pyridazines
Creators: name: Iorkula, Terungwa H.
name: Tolman, Bryce A.
name: Burt, Scott R.
name: Peterson, Matt A.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology

description: Treatment of 3-bromo-6-chloroimidazo[1,2-b]pyridazine with a variety of 1° or 2° alkylamines (2.0 equiv) with CsF (1.0 equiv), and BnNEt3Cl (10 mol %) in DMSO at 100 °C (24 hours) gave the corresponding C-6 aminated products in excellent isolated yields (79–98%; ave. yield = 92%). These conditions worked well for simple unfunctionalized 1° alkylamines, 1° amines with methylene- or ethylene-linked aromatic or heteroaromatic functionality (e.g. benzene, thiophene, furan, indole, and pyridine), and 2° alkylamines such as pyrrolidine, morpholine, and piperidine were also well tolerated. The method is cost-effect, providing C-6 aminated products in consistently high yields, while at the same time utilizing far less toxic fluoride (10 fold less), than previous fluoride-promoted aminations.
Twistor and Polytope Interpretations for Subleading Color One-Loop Amplitudes
Creators: name: Nastase, Horatiu
name: Schnitzer, Howard J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use the relation of the one-loop subleading-color amplitudes to the one-loop $n$-point leading color amplitudes in ${\cal N}=4$ SYM, to derive a polytope interpretation for the former in the $MHV$ case, and a representation in momentum twistor space for the general $N^kMHV$ case. These techniques are explored in detail for the 5-point and 6-point amplitudes. We briefly discuss the implications for IR divergences.
description: 30 pages, 2 figures; typos corrected, citations added; fig2 modified, fig. 1 and explanations added, mostly around eq. 2.11; version accepted in Nucl.Phys.B
Light Neutrinos from a Mini-Seesaw Mechanism in Warped Space
Creators: name: McDonald, Kristian L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The seesaw mechanism provides a simple explanation for the lightness of the known neutrinos. Under the standard assumption of a weak scale Dirac mass and a heavy sterile Majorana scale the neutrino mass is naturally suppressed below the weak scale. However, Nature may employ Dirac and Majorana scales that are much less than typically assumed, possibly even far below the weak scale. In this case the seesaw mechanism alone would not completely explain the lightness of the neutrinos. In this work we consider a warped framework that realizes this possibility by combining naturally suppressed Dirac and Majorana scales together in a mini-seesaw mechanism to generate light neutrino masses. Via the AdS/CFT correspondence the model is dual to a 4D theory with a hidden strongly coupled sector containing light composite right-handed neutrinos.
description: 15 pages, 2 Figs. V3 PLB version (extended discussion, results unchanged)
Support of In Silico Modeling to Refine In Vitro Systems experiments: example of Zebrafish embryos
Creators: name: Pierre-André, Billat
name: Dussaucoy Romain
name: Rémy, Beaudouin
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Zebrafish embryo, Danio rerio, PBPK, computational toxicology

description: • In vitro systems are indispensable tools in safety assessment research, allowing the investigation of adverse pathways under controlled laboratory conditions, thus contributing to our understanding of toxic processes. However, despite their invaluable contributions, traditional in vitro systems often fail to represent the intricate dynamics and physiological complexity of living organisms. • In this context, the zebrafish embryo (ZFE) model could address some points regarding physiology and development. Therefore, this model is increasingly used as a screening tool to assess the toxicity or the developmental adverse effects of chemicals. However, the actual exposure is poorly accessible, while a predictive toxicokinetic model based on the physiology (PBTK) could estimate these concentrations. • Ineris has developed a PBTK model including the main physiological changes in the ZFE such as, the organ ontogenesis, the chorionic transport barrier and its permeabilization, hatching dynamics within a ZFE population over development, and active mediated transport and metabolism mechanisms.
Function Optimization-based Schemes for Designing Continuous Action Learning Automata
Creators: name: Lu, Haoye
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2019
Subjects: Machine Learning
Function Optimization
Learning automata (LA)
LA for Infinite Actions
Stochastic Point Location

description: The field of Learning Automata (LA) has been studied and analyzed extensively for more than four decades; however, almost all the papers have concentrated on the LA working in Environments that have a finite number of actions. This is a well-established model of computation, and expedient, epsilon-optimal and absolutely expedient machines have been designed for stationary and non-stationary Environments. There are only a few papers which deal with Environments possessing an infinite number of actions. These papers assume a well-defined and rather simple uni-modal functional form, like the Gaussian function, for the Environment's infinite reward probabilities. This thesis pioneers the concept and presents a series of continuous action LA (CALA) algorithms that do not require the function of the Environment's infinite reward probabilities to obey a well-established uni-modal functional form. Instead, this function can be, but not limited to, a multi-modal function as long as it satisfies some weak constraints. Moreover, as our discussion evolves, the constraints are further relaxed. In all these cases, we demonstrate that the underlying machines converge in an epsilon-optimal manner to the optimal action of an infinite action set. Based on the CALA algorithms proposed, we report a global maximum search algorithm, which can find the maximum points of a real-valued function by sampling the function's values that could be contaminated by noise. This thesis also investigates the performance limit of the action-taking scheme, sampling actions based on probability density functions, which is used by all currently available CALA algorithms. In more details, given a reward function, we define an index of the function which is the least upper bound of the performance that a CALA algorithm can possibly achieve. Besides, we also report a CALA algorithm that meets this upper bound in an epsilon-optimal manner. By investigating the problem from a different perspective, we argue that the algorithms proposed are closely related to the family of “Stochastic Point Location” problems involving either discretized steps or d-ary parallel machines. The thesis includes the detailed proofs of the assertions and highlights the niche contributions within the broader theory of learning. To the best of our knowledge, there are no comparable results reported in the literature.
Moduli Thermalization and Finite Temperature Effects in "Big" Divisor Large Volume D3/D7 Swiss-Cheese Compactification
Creators: name: Shukla, Pramod
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the context of Type IIB compactified on a large volume Swiss-Cheese orientifold in the presence of a mobile space-time filling D3-brane and stacks of fluxed D7-branes wrapping the "big" divisor Sigma_B of a Swiss-Cheese Calabi Yau in WCP^4 [1,1,1,6,9], we explore various implications of moduli dynamics and discuss their couplings and decay into MSSM (-like) matter fields early in the history of universe to reach thermal equilibrium. Like finite temperature effects in O'KKLT, we observe that the local minimum of zero-temperature effective scalar potential is stable against any finite temperature corrections (up to two-loops) in large volume scenarios as well. Also, we find that moduli are heavy enough to avoid any cosmological moduli problem.
description: 23 pages, 3 tables, LaTeX, references added, to appear in JHEP
Sgr A* Shadow Study with KTN Space Time and Investigation of NUT Charge Existence
Creators: name: Ghasemi-Nodehi, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, I investigate the existence of the NUT charge through the KTN spacetime using shadow observations of Sgr A*. I report that the range of my constraint for the NUT charge is between $-$0.5 and 0.5 for Schwarzschild-like and very slowly rotating KTN black holes. This range extends to 1.5 for spins up to $-$2 and $-$1.5 for spins up to 2 based on Keck observations for both 40$^\circ$ and 10$^\circ$ viewing angles. For VLTI observations, Schwarzschild-like and very slowly rotating KTN black holes are excluded for a 40$^\circ$ viewing angle, and the NUT charge is constrained to a very narrow range for a 10$^\circ$ viewing angle. I report that the possibility of having KTN naked singularities in Sgr A* is small, considering the uncertainties in the shadow size.
description: Published in Universe
Collective structural evolution in neutron-rich Yb, Hf, W, Os and Pt isotopes
Creators: name: Nomura, K.
name: Otsuka, T.
name: Rodriguez-Guzman, R.
name: Robledo, L. M.
name: Sarriguren, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An interacting boson model Hamiltonian determined from Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov calculations with the new microscopic Gogny energy density functional D1M, is applied to the spectroscopic analysis of neutron-rich Yb, Hf, W, Os and Pt isotopes with mass $A\sim 180-200$. Excitation energies and transition rates for the relevant low-lying quadrupole collective states are calculated by this method. Transitions from prolate to oblate ground-state shapes are analyzed as a function of neutron number $N$ in a given isotopic chain by calculating excitation energies, $B$(E2) ratios, and correlation energies in the ground state. It is shown that such transitions tend to occur more rapidly for the isotopes with lower proton number $Z$, when departing from the proton shell closure Z=82. The triaxial degrees of freedom turn out to play an important role in describing the considered mass region. Predicted low-lying spectra for the neutron-rich exotic Hf and Yb isotopes are presented. The approximations used in the model and the possibilities to refine its predictive power are addressed.
description: 12 pages, 7 figures, 1 table, accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. C
Information, fidelity, and reversibility in photodetection processes
Creators: name: Terashima, Hiroaki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Four types of photon counters are discussed in terms of information, fidelity, and physical reversibility: conventional photon counter, quantum counter, and their quantum nondemolition (QND) versions. It is shown that when a photon field to be measured is in an arbitrary superposition of vacuum and one-photon states, the quantum counter is the most reversible, the QND version of conventional photon counter provides the most information, and the QND version of quantum counter causes the smallest state change. Our results suggest that the physical reversibility of a counter tends to decrease the amount of information obtained by the counter.
description: 34 pages, 8 figures
The Regulation of PCSK9 Structure and Function Through Lipoprotein Interactions
Creators: name: Sarkar, Samantha Khadija
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2019
Subjects: PCSK9
LDL
cholesterol
VLDL
IDL
lipoprotein
proprotein convertase
biochemistry
mutagenesis
hypercholesterolemia
hypertriglyceridemia
atherosclerosis
cardiovascular disease

description: Proprotein convertase subtilisin / kexin type 9 (PCSK9) is a negative regulator of the low-density lipoprotein receptor, and PCSK9 inhibition has become an important cholesterol-lowering therapeutic strategy. PCSK9 also associates with LDL particles, and evidence suggests that the activity of PCSK9 may be regulated by LDL binding. We have investigated the biochemistry of the interaction between PCSK9 and lipoproteins. Through mutagenesis and in-vitro binding assays, we found conserved motifs in the PCSK9 N-terminus that play a role in LDL binding. Through secondary structure studies using circular dichroism and computational modelling, we determined that the N-terminal region of the PCSK9 prodomain undergoes an environment-dependent structural shift that affects the ability of PCSK9 to bind LDL. We also found that the commonly found loss-of-function polymorphism R46L is capable of modulating this structural shift. Importantly, we found a surface-exposed region of the PCSK9 prodomain that maps a cluster of gain-of-function mutations (L108R, S127R, and D129G) that severely disrupt LDL binding. Through gel shift assays and density gradient centrifugation, we observed that PCSK9 shows remodeling-dependent ability to bind different classes of lipoprotein particles in vitro, binding strongly to LDL and IDL but showing barely detectable association to VLDL. Further, in human plasma, we found that lipoprotein-bound populations of PCSK9 shifted in response to differences in lipoprotein profiles between normolipidemic and hypercholesterolemic or hypertriglyceridemic subjects. Overall, elucidation of how lipoproteins regulate PCSK9 activity will reveal new targets for designing cholesterol-lowering therapeutics.
Memory network of social anxiety
Creators: name: Fung, Klint
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2023

description: The classical conditioning framework has been applied to understand social anxiety,. Specifically, memory representations of conditioned stimuli were proposed to elicit representations of unconditioned stimuli, which then elicit anxiety. The purpose of the current dissertation is identifying conditioned and unconditioned stimuli relevant to social anxiety. To accomplish this goal, I conducted a series of studies using computerized conditioning tasks and university student samples. First, I tested the hypothesis that physical characteristics of people are stimuli and negative evaluation is an unconditioned stimulus relevant to social anxiety. If the hypothesis is true, I would observe the effects of acquisition, extinction, generalization, and inflation. In Study A (n = 263), I found that faces paired with negative evaluation resulted in increased anxiety towards the face alone (i.e., acquisition), and subsequently presenting the face alone reduced anxiety (i.e., extinction). In Study B (n = 388), pairing a face with negative evaluation caused increased anxiety towards other resembling faces (i.e., perceptual generalization). In Study C (n = 223), pairing a face with negative evaluation and then explaining the meaning negative evaluation to be intense caused increased anxiety towards the face alone (i.e., inflation). In Study D (n = 417), I tested another hypothesis that self-attributes (e.g., of appearing physically unattractive or as appearing anxious) can serve as conditioned stimuli and negative evaluation as an unconditioned stimulus relevant to social anxiety. I found that pairing different words representing one category of self-attributes with negative evaluation, in the form of facial expressions and a text statement, caused increased anxiety towards novel words that represent the self-attributes within the same category. In sum, these results were consistent with the hypotheses tested. Through secondary analyses, I found that participant social anxiety was related to enhanced acquisition only when faces were used as the stimuli (Study A). Participant social anxiety was not related to the degree of perceptual generalization (Study B), inflation (Study C), and acquisition towards self-attributes (Study D). The results suggest that participants were not especially prone to the learning mechanisms underlying the effects investigated.
Probing Very Bright End of Galaxy Luminosity Function at z >~ 7 Using Hubble Space Telescope Pure Parallel Observations
Creators: name: Yan, Haojing
name: Yan, Lin
name: Zamojski, Michel A.
name: Windhorst, Rogier A.
name: McCarthy, Patrick J.
name: Fan, Xiaohui
name: Röttgering, Huub J. A.
name: Koekemoer, Anton M.
name: Robertson, Brant E.
name: Davé, Romeel
name: Cai, Zheng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the first results from the Hubble Infrared Pure Parallel Imaging Extragalactic Survey, which utilizes the pure parallel orbits of the Hubble Space Telescope to do deep imaging along a large number of random sightlines. To date, our analysis includes 26 widely separated fields observed by the Wide Field Camera 3, which amounts to 122.8 sq.arcmin in total area. We have found three bright Y098-dropouts, which are candidate galaxies at z >~ 7.4. One of these objects shows an indication of peculiar variability and its nature is uncertain. The other two objects are among the brightest candidate galaxies at these redshifts known to date L>2L*. Such very luminous objects could be the progenitors of the high-mass Lyman break galaxis (LBGs) observed at lower redshifts (up to z~5). While our sample is still limited in size, it is much less subject to the uncertainty caused by "cosmic variance" than other samples because it is derived using fields along many random sightlines. We find that the existence of the brightest candidate at z~7.4 is not well explained by the current luminosity function (LF) estimates at z~8. However, its inferred surface density could be explained by the prediction from the LFs at z~7 if it belongs to the high-redshift tail of the galaxy population at z~7.
description: ApJL in press (accepted Dec. 27, 2010); minor corrections and one figure added to address referee's comments
A simple sequential one-pot synthesis of 4-aryl thiazole-based Schiff bases
Creators: name: Dhanapal, Preethi
name: L, Manju S
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Thiazole based Schiff base scaffolds in recent years have become the integral part of the drug development. These scaffolds are gaining much importance due to their widespread uses as versatile building blocks for the construction of lead drug molecules. Their excellent biological activities have encouraged us to prepare newer compounds with aryl group in the fourth position of thiazoles incorporating azomethine linkages. The strategies so far reported to obtain 4-aryl thiazoles are time consuming, tedious, and costly. In this context, we report a facile one pot synthetic method to obtain novel 4-aryl thiazoles with excellent yield (83–98%), lesser reaction time (40 min) and under milder conditions with no catalyst and no purification techniques.
title: Genealogia dell’uomo contemporaneo: la letteratura antropologica di Italo Calvino
Creators: name: Chiarella, Paola
Publisher: name: Italian Society for Law and Literature (ISLL)
Year: 2023

description: [Genealogy of contemporary man: the anthropological literature of Italo Calvino] Italo Calvino explores the central themes of his time during the Cold War, which relate to modern man’s peculiar characteristics. Through an epic narrative, philosophical and existential questions are presented magically, while the problems are real and present. With his protagonists from previous eras, Italo Calvino shows something crucial about contemporary man, his neuroses, and his existential problems that are highly dependent on social bonds and legal claims.
Anomalous criticality near semimetal-to-superfluid quantum phase transition in a two-dimensional Dirac cone model
Creators: name: Obert, Benjamin
name: Takei, So
name: Metzner, Walter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the scaling behavior at and near a quantum critical point separating a semimetallic from a superfluid phase. To this end we compute the renormalization group flow for a model of attractively interacting electrons with a linear dispersion around a single Dirac point. We study both ground state and finite temperature properties. In two dimensions, the electrons and the order parameter fluctuations exhibit power-law scaling with anomalous scaling dimensions. The quasi-particle weight and the Fermi velocity vanish at the quantum critical point. The order parameter correlation length turns out to be infinite everywhere in the semimetallic ground state.
description: 8 pages, 2 figures, typos corrected