cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Hydrodynamic lift of a two-dimensional liquid domain with odd viscosity
Creators: name: Hosaka, Yuto
name: Komura, Shigeyuki
name: Andelman, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss hydrodynamic forces acting on a two-dimensional liquid domain that moves laterally within a supported fluid membrane in the presence of odd viscosity. Since active rotating proteins can accumulate inside the domain, we focus on the difference in odd viscosity between the inside and outside of the domain. Taking into account the momentum leakage from a two-dimensional incompressible fluid to the underlying substrate, we analytically obtain the fluid flow induced by the lateral domain motion, and calculate the drag and lift forces acting on the moving liquid domain. In contrast to the passive case without odd viscosity, the lateral lift arises in the active case only when the in/out odd viscosities are different. The in/out contrast in the odd viscosity leads to nonreciprocal hydrodynamic responses of an active liquid domain.
description: 12 pages, 5 figures
Discovery of the strongly eccentric, short-period binary nature of the B-type system HD 313926 by the MOST satellite
Creators: name: Rucinski, Slavek
name: Kuschnig, Rainer
name: Matthews, Jaymie M.
name: Dimitrov, Wojtek
name: Pribulla, Theodor
name: Guenther, David B.
name: Moffat, Anthony F. J.
name: Sasselov, Dimitar
name: Walker, Gordon A. H.
name: Weiss, Werner W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The MOST photometric space mission discovered an eclipsing binary among its guide stars in June 2006 which combines a relatively large eccentricity e = 0.20 with an orbital period of only 2.27 days. HD 313926 appears to consist of two early-type stars of spectral type B3 - B7. It has a largest eccentricity among known early-type binaries with periods less than 3.5 d. Despite the large components indicated by its spectral type and light curve model, and its short period, the orbit of HD 313926 has not yet circularised so it is probably very young, even compared to other young B stars.
description: accepted as a Letter by MNRAS
A flexible design platform for Si/SiGe exchange-only qubits with low disorder
Creators: name: Ha, Wonill
name: Ha, Sieu D.
name: Choi, Maxwell D.
name: Tang, Yan
name: Schmitz, Adele E.
name: Levendorf, Mark P.
name: Lee, Kangmu
name: Chappell, James M.
name: Adams, Tower S.
name: Hulbert, Daniel R.
name: Acuna, Edwin
name: Noah, Ramsey S.
name: Matten, Justine W.
name: Jura, Michael P.
name: Wright, Jeffrey A.
name: Rakher, Matthew T.
name: Borselli, Matthew G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Spin-based silicon quantum dots are an attractive qubit technology for quantum information processing with respect to coherence time, control, and engineering. Here we present an exchange-only Si qubit device platform that combines the throughput of CMOS-like wafer processing with the versatility of direct-write lithography. The technology, which we coin "SLEDGE," features dot-shaped gates that are patterned simultaneously on one topographical plane and subsequently connected by vias to interconnect metal lines. The process design enables non-trivial layouts as well as flexibility in gate dimensions, material selection, and additional device features such as for rf qubit control. We show that the SLEDGE process has reduced electrostatic disorder with respect to traditional overlapping gate devices with lift-off metallization, and we present spin coherent exchange oscillations and single qubit blind randomized benchmarking data.
Die Essener Evaluationsstudie zur „Unterbringung in einer Entziehungsanstalt“
Creators: name: Schalast, Norbert
Publisher: name: Forum Verlag Godesberg
Year: 2020
Subjects: Entziehungsanstalt
Straffällige mit Suchtproblemen
Evaluationsstudie
gematchte Vergleichsgruppe
Behandlungsertrag

description: Die bundesrepublikanische „Unterbringung in einer Entziehungsanstalt“ für Straffällige mit Suchtproblemen ist aktuell wieder Thema einer kritischen Debatte, unter anderem wegen der stetig steigenden Fallzahlen. Neben Änderungen der rechtlichen Rahmenbedingungen wird gelegentlich auch eine gänzliche Abschaffung gefordert. In dem Zusammenhang sind die Ergebnisse der Essener Evaluationsstudie von Bedeutung. Im Rahmen dieser Studie wurde der spätere Bewährungserfolg einer unselegierten Gruppe von Patienten (n = 315 aus 16 Kliniken) mit einer sorgfältig gematchten Kontrollgruppe von Strafgefangenen mit Suchtproblematik verglichen. Es fand sich im weiteren Verlauf ein deutlicher und hoch signifikanter Bewährungsvorteil für die Gesamtgruppe der Maßregelpatienten (trotz Einbeziehung aller Fälle mit ungünstigem Behandlungsverlauf und Rückverlegung in die Haft). Es ergibt sich insgesamt eine Effektgröße für den Ertrag der forensischen Therapie, die höher ist als in Untersuchungen zur Straftätertherapie im Allgemeinen festgestellt. Dies spricht gegen die Abschaffung der Maßregel. Eine Änderung der rechtlichen Rahmenbedingungen ist gleichwohl erforderlich.
Measuring sample maximums : an application to water quality monitoring
Creators: name: Casey, Donald B.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: There are many situations in which the process of obtaining a sample and the process of measuring a sample are distinct. In these circumstances, it is usual that the cost of measuring or testing the samples is significant relative to the cost of sampling. In this thesis, methods are developed for estimating the maximum sample measurement from a finite set of sequential samples without explicitly testing all of the samples. In addition to the above assumptions, it is assumed that the sample measurements are highly positively autocorrelated and that it is desirable that the estimate of the maximum sample measurement be an observed value. This objective together with the stated assumptions are of particular relevance to the area of water quality monitoring. Two different approaches are developed. These are called mathematical programming methods and composite methods. The latter approach is investigated empirically. Several composite methods are proposed with primary first order compositing being examined in detail. This method was found to be superior to the traditional technique of random sampling over a wide range of performance measures. Primary first order compositing also proved very effective at detecting extreme values and provided a more efficient estimate of the population mean. When applying primary first order compositing it is shown that all composites should be of equal size and the smaller composite sizes should be preferred.
Small-Scale Cooperation in Agriculture
Creators: name: Forbord, Magnar
name: Heie, Knut
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1995
Subjects: Agribusiness

description: Lately Norwegian farmers have established cooperatives in many different areas. The authors of this paper are coordinating a project in Norway called "Cooperation in Agriculture". The aim of this project is to facilitate for such cooperation. The objective of this presentation is to describe different types of cooperation within different part of the farming community. Disadvantages and advantages with cooperation will be presented. The main point with cooperation is that it works in practice.
Disadvantages may in many cases be reduced and there are many ways to reduce the disadvantages.
A key word in this connection is formalization.
VJe will therefore discuss various company structures, contracts and bylaws. Farmers who want to establish cooperation will often need professional assistance. In this connections some references may be useful.
description: Tenth International Farm Management Congress, The University of Reading, UK, July 10-15, 1995
Pseudoscalar-meson--octet-baryon coupling constants in two-flavor lattice QCD
Creators: name: Erkol, G.
name: Oka, M.
name: Takahashi, T. T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We evaluate the $πN!N$, $πΣΣ$, $πΛΣ$, $KΛN$ and $K ΣN $ coupling constants and the corresponding monopole masses in lattice QCD with two flavors of dynamical quarks. The parameters representing the SU(3)-flavor symmetry are computed at the point where the three quark flavors are degenerate at the physical $s$-quark mass. In particular, we obtain $α\equiv F/(F+D)=0.395(6)$. The quark-mass dependences of the coupling constants are obtained by changing the $u$- and the $d$-quark masses. We find that the SU(3)-flavor parameters have weak quark-mass dependence and thus the SU(3)-flavor symmetry is broken by only a few percent at each quark-mass point we consider.
description: 6 pages, 7 figures, version to be published in PRD
Optimal fidelity of teleportation of coherent states and entanglement
Creators: name: Mari, Andrea
name: Vitali, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the Braunstein-Kimble protocol for the continuous variable teleportation of a coherent state. We determine lower and upper bounds for the optimal fidelity of teleportation, maximized over all local Gaussian operations for a given entanglement of the two-mode Gaussian state shared by the sender (Alice) and the receiver (Bob). We also determine the optimal local transformations at Alice and Bob sites and the corresponding maximum fidelity when one restricts to local trace-preserving Gaussian completely positive maps.
description: 10 pages, 2 figures
การเพิ่มแสงธรรมชาติภายในห้องพักอาจารย์ คณะสถาปัตยกรรมศาสตร์ ผังเมืองและนฤมิตศิลป์ มหาวิทยาลัยมหาสารคาม
Creators: name: บริรักษ์ อินทรกุลไชย
Publisher: name: คณะสถาปัตยกรรมศาสตร์ มหาวิทยาลัยขอนแก่น
Year: 2019
Subjects: แสงธรรมชาติ
การจำลองแสงธรรมชาติ
การอนุรักษ์พลังงาน
อาคารเขียว

description: วารสาร สิ่งแวดล้อมสรรค์สร้างวินิจฉัย (Built Environment Inquiry  BEI), 18, 1, 69-80
Pure point diffraction implies zero entropy for Delone sets with uniform cluster frequencies
Creators: name: Baake, Michael
name: Lenz, Daniel
name: Richard, Christoph
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 37A35, 37B40, 52C23

description: Delone sets of finite local complexity in Euclidean space are investigated. We show that such a set has patch counting and topological entropy 0 if it has uniform cluster frequencies and is pure point diffractive. We also note that the patch counting entropy is 0 whenever the repetitivity function satisfies a certain growth restriction.
description: 16 pages; revised and slightly expanded version
Täter-Opfer-Statuswechsel im Jugendalter. Forschungserkenntnisse aus qualitativen Interviews mit Jugendlichen
Creators: name: Schmoll, Annemarie
Publisher: name: Forum Verlag Godesberg
Year: 2020
Subjects: Täter-Opfer-Statuswechsel
Jugendliche
Kinder- und Jugendhilfe
kriminalitätspräventive Angebote

description: Die kriminologische Forschung gibt Hinweise darauf, dass ein beträchtlicher Anteil der jungen Menschen, die mit Gewaltstraftaten auffällig werden, auch Opfererfahrungen aufweisen. Diese Verschränkung von Delinquenz und Viktimisierung – der so genannte Täter­-Opfer-Statuswechsel – verweist auf bislang wenig bekannte persönliche und situative Problemlagen, die sich in ihrer Wechselwirkung gegenseitig verstärken können. Die Täter-Opfer-Zusammenhänge werden am Beispiel von Erfahrungen physischer bzw. psychischer Gewalt im Jugendalter – als Täter und Opfer – beleuchtet: Hierfür wurde eine Sekundäranalyse von 57 qualitativen Interviews mit teils mehrfach mit Gewaltstraftaten auffällig gewordenen jungen Menschen durchgeführt. Diese Daten wurden zwischen 2012 und 2017 im Rahmen von zwei empirischen Forschungsprojekten der Arbeitsstelle Kinder- und Jugendkriminalitätsprävention am Deutschen Jugendinstitut erhoben. In diesen Täter-Opfer­-Zusammenhängen wird bei einem Teil der Jugendlichen der Einsatz von unterschiedlichen Neutralisationstechniken (Sykes/Matza) sichtbar. Die persönlichen und situativen Problemlagen herauszuarbeiten und deren Bedeutung für die Ausgestaltung kriminalitätspräventiver Angebote der Kinder- und Jugendhilfe zu verdeutlichen, ist Ziel des Beitrags.
NuSTAR view of heavily absorbed AGN: The $R-N_\text{H}$ correlation
Creators: name: Panagiotou, Christos
name: Walter, Roland
name: Paltani, Stephane
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The nature of the putative torus and the outer geometry of active galactic nuclei (AGN) are still rather unknown and the subject of active research. Improving our understanding of them is crucial for developing a physical picture for the structure of AGN. The main goal of this work is to investigate the outer geometry of AGN by studying the observed hard X-ray spectrum of obscured sources. We primarily aim at researching the reflected emission in these sources. To that end, we analysed archived NuSTAR observations of a sample of nearby AGN, whose X-ray emission has been found to be heavily absorbed, with $10^{23}1.5\cdot 10^{24}\text{ cm}^{-2}$) regime.
description: 11 pages, 10 Figs, accepted for publication by A&A
Vandalismusprävention – Ansätze und Erfolge
Creators: name: Stiebellehner, Kathrin
Publisher: name: Forum Verlag Godesberg
Year: 2020
Subjects: Vandalismus
Destruktion
Prävention
Kriminalprävention
target hardening
target softening
Deflektion
Präventionsstrategien

description: Vandalistische Verhaltensweisen können vielfältige Formen annehmen – die Beschädigungen fremden Eigentums reichen vom Sprayen von Graffitis über das Zerkratzen von Autos bis hin zur Demolierung kritischer Infrastruktur. Komplexe Kombinationen von Variablen, die sowohl in der Persönlichkeit des Täters als auch in der Umwelt bzw. Situation zu verorten sind, führen zur Beschädigung oder Zerstörung fremden Eigentums. Es bedarf daher differenzierter Ansätze, um diesen vorsätzlichen Destruktionshandlungen vorzubeugen. Studien und Beispiele zur Prävention von Vandalismus gibt es sehr wohl, deren Evaluantionsgrad ist hingegen oftmals als unbefriedigend zu beurteilen. Eine Auswahl an edukativen, situativen und punitiven Präventionsstrategien soll im Folgenden vorgestellt werden.
Mott Plateau in Trapped Bose-Fermi Mixture
Creators: name: Masaki, Akiko
name: Tsukada, Sota
name: Mori, Hiroyuki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Boson-Fermion mixture confined on an optical lattice is numerically studied. Mott-plateau like behavior is observed under certain conditions in the density profile of the bosons and fermions as one sees in bosonic atoms in a trap potential. In the Mott plateau area, the total number of the bosons and fermions at each site is kept to an integer value but both local density of the bosons and that of the fermions take some intermediate values. Unlike bosonic or fermionic Mott insulators, the bosons and fermions can move even in the Mott plateau area by exchanging their positions. With Monte Carlo simulations we demonstrate the formation of the Mott plateau, examine the property of the bosons and fermions by measuring the densities and local density fluctuations, and give discussion on this rather new state.
description: 8 pages, 2 figures
title: Welche Faktoren unterstützen die Legalbewährung psychisch kranker Straftäter?
title: Ergebnisse einer empirischen Untersuchung zum österreichischen Maßnahmenvollzug
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Stempkowski, Monika
Publisher: name: Forum Verlag Godesberg
Year: 2020
Subjects: Maßnahmenvollzug
zurechnungsfähige geistig abnorme Rechtsbrecher
Wiederkehrer-Rate
Sachverständige
Gutachten
Legalbewährung

description: Der Anteil jener psychisch kranken, jedoch zurechnungsfähigen Straftäter, die in Österreich nach einer Unterbringung in einer Maßnahme nach § 21 Abs 2 StGB erneut straffällig wurden, ist über viele Jahre stark gesunken. In einer empirischen Studie wurden Entlassungsgruppen im Detail untersucht und verglichen, um mögliche Ursachen für diese Veränderung zu identifizieren. Es zeigte sich, dass neben einer über die Zeit besseren Selektion bereits entlassungsbereiter Personen primär Verbesserungen in der Betreuung während der Unterbringung sowie im Zug der bedingten Entlassung für die positive Entwicklung ausschlaggebend waren.
Tachyonic Universes in Patch Cosmologies with $Ω>1$
Creators: name: del Campo, Sergio
name: Herrera, Ramon
name: Labrana, Pedro
name: Leiva, Carlos
name: Saavedra, Joel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this article we study closed inflationary universe models by means of a tachyonic field. We described a general treatment for created a universe with $Ω>1$ in patch cosmology, which is able to represent General Relativity, Gauss-Bonnet or Randall-Sundrum patches. We use recent data from astronomical observations to constrain the parameters appearing in our model.
description: 15 pages, 2 figures. Accepted by Modern Physics Letters A
Gewalterfahrungen im Jugendstrafvollzug – Implementation und Ergebnisse von Dunkelfeldstudien „von innen“
Creators: name: Suhling, Stefan
name: Prätor, Susann
Publisher: name: Forum Verlag Godesberg
Year: 2020
Subjects: Strafvollzug
Gewalt
Dunkelfeld
Forschung

description: Der vorliegende Beitrag geht der Frage nach, ob Dunkelfeldstudien zur Gewalt im Justizvollzug auch dann valide Ergebnisse erbringen können, wenn sie von einer justizinternen Einrichtung wie dem Kriminologischen Dienst durchgeführt werden. Ausgangspunkte sind die hohe Bedeutung, die Gewalt im Justizvollzug für die Inhaftierten und Bediensteten haben kann, und der damit einhergehende hohe Bedarf gewaltpräventiver Maßnahmen. Vor dem Hintergrund, dass bisherige Dunkelfelduntersuchungen im Gefängnis nur von unabhängigen, justizexternen Forschungseinrichtungen durchgeführt wurden und Kriminologische Dienste sich auf die Analyse des Hellfelds beschrankt haben, wird die Implementation einer Gefangenenbefragung zum Thema Gewalt beschrieben, bei der die niedersächsische Jugendstrafanstalt eng mit dem niedersächsischen Kriminologischen Dienst (KD) zusammenarbeitete. Ergebnisse von zwei Dunkelfeldstudien 2014 und 2018 werden präsentiert, die hohe Rücklaufquoten und interpretierbare, valide Daten produzierten. Dabei wird neben Prävalenzraten auch auf die Orte eingegangen, in denen die körperlichen Gewaltvorfälle stattfanden, sowie auf Gründe, warum der Übergriff ggf. im Dunkelfeld verblieb und nicht den Bediensteten gemeldet wurde.
Nonequilibrium Steady States of Matrix Product Form: A Solver's Guide
Creators: name: Blythe, R. A.
name: Evans, M. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the general problem of determining the steady state of stochastic nonequilibrium systems such as those that have been used to model (among other things) biological transport and traffic flow. We begin with a broad overview of this class of driven diffusive systems - which includes exclusion processes - focusing on interesting physical properties, such as shocks and phase transitions. We then turn our attention specifically to those models for which the exact distribution of microstates in the steady state can be expressed in a matrix product form. In addition to a gentle introduction to this matrix product approach, how it works and how it relates to similar constructions that arise in other physical contexts, we present a unified, pedagogical account of the various means by which the statistical mechanical calculations of macroscopic physical quantities are actually performed. We also review a number of more advanced topics, including nonequilibrium free energy functionals, the classification of exclusion processes involving multiple particle species, existence proofs of a matrix product state for a given model and more complicated variants of the matrix product state that allow various types of parallel dynamics to be handled. We conclude with a brief discussion of open problems for future research.
description: 127 pages, 31 figures, invited topical review for J. Phys. A (uses IOP class file)
Dissipation in intercluster plasma
Creators: name: Lyutikov, Maxim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss dissipative processes in strongly gyrotropic, nearly collisionless plasma in clusters of galaxies (ICM). First, we point out that Braginsky theory, which assumes that collisions are more frequent that the system's dynamical time scale, is inapplicable to fast, sub-viscous ICM motion. Most importantly, the electron contribution to collisional magneto-viscosity dominates over that of ions for short-scale Alfvenic motions. Thus, if a turbulent cascade develops in the ICM and propagates down to scales $\leq 1$ kpc, it is damped collisionally not on ions, but on electrons. Second, in high beta plasma of ICM, small variations of the magnetic field strength, of relative value $\sim 1/β$, lead to development of anisotropic pressure instabilities (firehose, mirror and cyclotron). Unstable wave modes may provide additional resonant scattering of particles, effectively keeping the plasma in a state of marginal stability. We show that in this case the dissipation rate of a laminar, subsonic, incompressible flows scales as inverse of plasma beta parameter. We discuss application to the problem of ICM heating.
description: 4 pages, accepted by ApJ Lett
Fluctuation theorems and thermodynamic uncertainty relations
Creators: name: Francica, Gianluca
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Fluctuation theorems are fundamental results in non-equilibrium thermodynamics. Considering the fluctuation theorem with respect to the entropy production and an observable, we derive a new thermodynamic uncertainty relation which also applies to non-cyclic and time-reversal non-symmetric protocols. Furthermore, we investigate the relation between the thermodynamic uncertainty relation and the correlation between the entropy and the observable.
description: Comments are welcome
A data-informed mean-field approach to mapping of cortical parameter landscapes
Creators: name: Xiao, Zhuo-Cheng
name: Lin, Kevin K.
name: Young, Lai-Sang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Constraining the many biological parameters that govern cortical dynamics is computationally and conceptually difficult because of the curse of dimensionality. This paper addresses these challenges by proposing (1) a novel data-informed mean-field (MF) approach to efficiently map the parameter space of network models; and (2) an organizing principle for studying parameter space that enables the extraction biologically meaningful relations from this high-dimensional data. We illustrate these ideas using a large-scale network model of the Macaque primary visual cortex. Of the 10-20 model parameters, we identify 7 that are especially poorly constrained, and use the MF algorithm in (1) to discover the firing rate contours in this 7D parameter cube. Defining a "biologically plausible" region to consist of parameters that exhibit spontaneous Excitatory and Inhibitory firing rates compatible with experimental values, we find that this region is a slightly thickened codimension-1 submanifold. An implication of this finding is that while plausible regimes depend sensitively on parameters, they are also robust and flexible provided one compensates appropriately when parameters are varied. Our organizing principle for conceptualizing parameter dependence is to focus on certain 2D parameter planes that govern lateral inhibition: Intersecting these planes with the biologically plausible region leads to very simple geometric structures which, when suitably scaled, have a universal character independent of where the intersections are taken. In addition to elucidating the geometry of the plausible region, this invariance suggests useful approximate scaling relations. Our study offers, for the first time, a complete characterization of the set of all biologically plausible parameters for a detailed cortical model, which has been out of reach due to the high dimensionality of parameter space.
Sequential Risk Management Strategies of Vegetable and Flower Growers in Cameron Highlands, Malaysia
Creators: name: Chiew, Eddie
name: Mohamad, Zainal Abidin
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1995
Subjects: Risk and Uncertainty
Crop Production/Industries

description: This paper is concerned with farm decision-making under risk. It deals with the behaviour of agricultural producers with respect to the production and marketing of their produce, in particular the temperate vegetable and flower growers of Cameron Highlands, Malaysia. This study would firstly, after a brief overview of the study area, examine and compare the sequential farm decisions of producers in respect of what, when, how much and selling options available to the growers. The risk management strategies would be examined in three phases, ie., pre-planting, post-planting and post-harvest. A second part of this paper would examine the effects of development on agricultural production and producer perceptions of such development on their livelihood Finally, we would explore the implications of the introduction of sustainable farming practices to some of the farmers on decision making in terms of the impact of such practices on productivity, profitability and risk.
description: Tenth International Farm Management Congress, The University of Reading, UK, July 10-15, 1995
Exoplanets with ELT-METIS I: Estimating the direct imaging exoplanet yield around stars within 6.5 parsecs
Creators: name: Bowens, Rory
name: Meyer, Michael R.
name: Delacroix, C.
name: Absil, O.
name: van Boekel, R.
name: Quanz, S. P.
name: Shinde, M.
name: Kenworthy, M.
name: Carlomagno, B.
name: de Xivry, G. Orban
name: Cantalloube, F.
name: Pathak, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Direct imaging is a powerful exoplanet discovery technique that is complementary to other techniques and offers great promise in the era of 30 meter class telescopes. Space-based transit surveys have revolutionized our understanding of the frequency of planets at small orbital radii around Sun-like stars. The next generation of extremely large ground-based telescopes will have the angular resolution and sensitivity to directly image planets with $R < 4R_\oplus$ around the very nearest stars. Here, we predict yields from a direct imaging survey of a volume-limited sample of Sun-like stars with the Mid-Infrared ELT Imager and Spectrograph (METIS) instrument, planned for the 39 m European Southern Observatory (ESO) Extremely Large Telescope (ELT) that is expected to be operational towards the end of the decade. Using Kepler occurrence rates, a sample of stars with spectral types A-K within 6.5 pc, and simulated contrast curves based on an advanced model of what is achievable from coronagraphic imaging with adaptive optics, we estimated the expected yield from METIS using Monte Carlo simulations. We find the METIS expected yield of planets in the N2 band (10.10 - 12.40 $μ$m) is 1.14 planets, which is greater than comparable observations in the L (3.70 - 3.95 $μ$m) and M (4.70 - 4.90 $μ$m) bands. We also determined a 24.6% chance of detecting at least one Jovian planet in the background limited regime assuming a 1 hour integration. We calculated the yield per star and estimate optimal observing revisit times to increase the yield. We also analyzed a northern hemisphere version of this survey and found there are additional targets worth considering. In conclusion, we present an observing strategy aimed to maximize the possible yield for limited telescope time, resulting in 1.48 expected planets in the N2 band.
description: 11 pages, 6 Figures, 4 Tables, A&A 2021 in press. Revision: Minor clarifications implemented during publisher review
Strategic Aspects for the Management of Agricultural Cooperatives' Transformation in Hungary
Creators: name: Feher, Istvan
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1995
Subjects: Agribusiness

description: The results of the agricultural transformation has showed a mixed picture in Hungary. Today it is very difficult to anticipate what type of farming will be dominant and when will the process be finished. The cooperative laws have strongly been effected by political influence and created internal conflicts among different groups of cooperative owners. The elaborated model and practical experience shows some possibilities for integrated business development among the assets and land owners.
description: Tenth International Farm Management Congress, The University of Reading, UK, July 10-15, 1995
Dimensions of Risk and Managerial Responses to Risk on Commercial Farms in Kwazulu-Natal, South Africa
Creators: name: Ortmann, Gerald
name: Woodburn, Michael
name: Levin, Jonathan
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1995
Subjects: Risk and Uncertainty

description: A study conducted among 199 commercial farmers in the province of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, suggests that more dimensions of risk sources and managerial responses to risk may exist than are commonly included in risk management analyses. Factor analyses suggest that six factors describe risk sources and managerial responses to risk. In addition to financial and cost dimensions, variability of crop gross income and livestock gross income are viewed as separate sources of risk as are changes in government policies and changes in government regulation. The results support the classification of management responses to risk into the production, marketing and financial categories, but also include the categories of insurance, cost reduction and assurance.
description: Tenth International Farm Management Congress, The University of Reading, UK, July 10-15, 1995
From Prison with Love – die Jugendstrafanstalten der Oregon Youth Authority
Creators: name: Winter, Jana
Publisher: name: Forum Verlag Godesberg
Year: 2020
Subjects: Jugendstrafrecht
USA
Jugendstrafvollzug
Behandlungsmaßnahmen
Oregon
Oregon Youth Authority

description: „From prison with love“ soll zeigen, dass das gängige Bild, das die meisten Menschen von Gefängnissen bzw. in diesem Fall Jugendgefängnissen in den USA haben nicht pauschalisiert werden kann, sondern dass es durchaus Bundesstaaten gibt, in denen die Arbeit im Jugendstrafvollzug geradezu revolutioniert wird. Dieser Beitrag bietet demnach einen theoretisch und praktisch fundierten Einblick in die Arbeit der Oregon Youth Authority, welche mit sehr viel Herz und Liebe die Arbeit in den Jugendstrafanstalten im amerikanischen Bundesstaat Oregon derart optimiert und auch schon optimiert hat, dass die Jugendlichen und Heranwachsenden während ihrer Haftzeit eine bestmögliche Entwicklung vollziehen können. Durch die Grundlagen, die baulichen und organisatorischen Strukturen sowie die vorherrschende Behandlungspraxis, welche maßgeblich durch einen außerordentlich positiven Umgang mit den Inhaftierten geprägt ist, gelingt es der Oregon Youth Authority zudem die Rückfallquoten drastisch zu senken.
title: Risiken und (positive) Nebenwirkungen – Behandlungsprogramme vs. Verwahrvollzug
title: Wie eine aus der Verlegenheit entstandene Maßnahme für Verurteilte mit kurzen Haftstrafen (unter 30 Monaten) allmählich zu einem positiven Nebeneffekt führte
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Welther, Rolland
Publisher: name: Forum Verlag Godesberg
Year: 2020
Subjects: Behandlung von Straftätern
Deliktaufarbeitung
Kleinkriminelle
Vertrauensentwicklung
Lockerungen
Missbrauch von Lockerungen

description: Die Behandlung von Strafgefangenen ist in den meisten Bundesländern im § 2 JVollzGB geregelt. Als Ziel wird darin die Befähigung eines jeden Strafgefangenen postuliert, künftig in sozialer Verantwortung ein Leben ohne Straftaten zu führen und die Sicherheit der Allgemeinheit von weiteren Straftaten zu schützen. Zur Realisierung dieses Ziels gibt es eine Reihe evaluierter und nachweislich wirksamer Behandlungsprogramme (z.B. BPS, Anti-Aggressions-Training). Unter dem Begriff „Deliktaufarbeitung“ verbirgt sich im Bundesland Sachsen-Anhalt eine in der Regel wenig konkrete Bezeichnung für ein Behandlungsangebot, an dessen Ende – im besten Fall – eine Aussage über den weiteren Verlauf der Haftstrafe zu bescheiden wäre. Sie richtet sich an den Kleinkriminellen, zum Teil Suchtmittelabhängigen, der eine Haftzeit von nicht mehr als 2 Jahren hat, und Deliktaufarbeitung als Verlegenheits¬empfehlung im Vollzugsplan „verordnet“ bekommt. Vermehrt verfügen solche Täterinnen und Täter kaum über soziale Kompetenzen, sind mehrfach, jedoch kaum schwerwiegend, vorbestraft und haben bis zur Entlassung oft nicht mehr als 12 Monate. Auch wenn in einem verhältnismäßig kurzen Zeitraum nicht „repariert“ werden kann, was Jahre lang dazu führte, dass diese Menschen straffällig wurden, war es möglich, innerhalb von wenigen Monaten ein vertrauensvollen Verhältnis aufzubauen, das zu Lockerungen führte. Über 95% der Personen, die die Maßnahme beendet haben, konnten gelockert werden. Nicht mal 10% missbrauchte diese Lockerungen. Dass ein restriktiver Vollzug in den meisten Fällen kontraproduktiv zu der erwünschten Resozialisierung beiträgt, dürfte bekannt sein. Der sogenannte „Wegsperrvollzug“ im Namen der „Sicherheit und Ordnung“ trägt demnach mit Nichten dazu bei, professionelle sowie zielführende Entscheidungen zu treffen und perspektivisch einen effektiven Beitrag im Namen und Auftrag der Gesellschaft zu leisten. Im Gegenteil.
Sequential tests and estimates after overrunning based on $p$-value combination
Creators: name: Hall, W. J.
name: Ding, Keyue
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: Computation (stat.CO)
subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 62L10 (Primary) 62P10 (Secondary)

description: Often in sequential trials additional data become available after a stopping boundary has been reached. A method of incorporating such information from overrunning is developed, based on the ``adding weighted Zs'' method of combining $p$-values. This yields a combined $p$-value for the primary test and a median-unbiased estimate and confidence bounds for the parameter under test. When the amount of overrunning information is proportional to the amount available upon terminating the sequential test, exact inference methods are provided; otherwise, approximate methods are given and evaluated. The context is that of observing a Brownian motion with drift, with either linear stopping boundaries in continuous time or discrete-time group-sequential boundaries. The method is compared with other available methods and is exemplified with data from two sequential clinical trials.
description: Published in at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/074921708000000039 the IMS Collections (http://www.imstat.org/publications/imscollections.htm) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
title: Das besondere Vorkommnis – sexuell motivierte Übergriffe auf das weibliche Personal im Strafvollzug
title: Ein Seminar zu Vermeidungsstrategien, Selbstschutz und Selbstreflexion
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Welther, Rolland
Publisher: name: Forum Verlag Godesberg
Year: 2020
Subjects: Übergriffe auf das weibliche Personal
Vermeidung sexuell motivierter Gewalt
Vorbeugen gefährlicher Situationen
Motivlage der Täter
Abwehrstrategien
persönliche Ressourcen und Erfahrungswerte
Rollenspiele
Handlungskompetenzen

description: Immer wieder wird die bundesweite Vollzugslandschaft von besonderen Vorkommnissen erschüttert. Sei es spektakuläre Ausbrüche, Geiselnahmen, Meutereien oder tätliche Angriffe auf Bedienstete. Eine spezielle Form der Gewalt gegen Bedienstete ist der sexuell motivierte Übergriff auf das weibliche Personal. Kaum ein Bundesland, in dem solche Vorkommnisse nicht dokumentiert sind. Der Anteil der Frauen im Vollzug variiert von unter 5% in den westlichen Bundesländern bis hin zu 40-50% in den neuen Bundesländern. Frauen, die im Vollzug direkt mit den Gefangenen arbeiten, sind gegenüber solchen Angriffen besonders exponiert. Der Schaden kann immens sein - bis hin zum Tod. Wenn ein solcher Übergriff überlebt wird und der rein körperliche Schaden geheilt ist, bleiben häufig die seelischen Wunden für lange Zeit bestehen. Arbeitsunfähigkeit, posttraumatische Belastungsstörung, sozialer Rückzug, Einschränkungen auf der Beziehungsebene usw. können nur einige der Folgen sein. Dieses Seminar will einen Beitrag zur Vermeidung sexuell motivierter Gewalt und zur Vorbeugung gefährlicher Situationen leisten. Nach einer theoretischen Einleitung über die Motivlage der Täter, werden gemeinsam mit den Teilnehmerinnen Abwehrstrategien herausgearbeitet, die sowohl die individuellen Ressourcen der Teilnehmerinnen, als auch ihre Vorgehensweisen berücksichtigen. Persönliche Erfahrungswerte werden ebenso integriert und besprochen, wie empirische Erkenntnisse. Mittels Übungen und Rollenspielen wird versucht, korrektiv auf instinktive Verhaltensweisen einzuwirken, welche falsch, ja in manchen Fällen sogar kontraindiziert sind. Stattdessen sollten die Verhaltensweisen bestärkt werden, die dazu dienen, Übergriffe zu unterbrechen, hinauszuzögern oder in ihrer Intensität zu mildern. Ziel des Seminars ist es, die Teilnehmerinnen für Risikosituationen zu sensibilisieren, und sie in unausweichlichen Fällen mit Handlungskompetenzen zur Vermeidung ernsthafter Verletzungen auszustatten. Ziel dieses Vortrages ist es, das Konzept des Seminars vorzustellen sowie über Erfahrungen und besondere Herausforderungen zu berichten.
Global Sky Models can Improve Flux Estimates in Pulsar and FRB Studies
Creators: name: Price, Danny C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is commonplace in pulsar and fast radio burst (FRB) literature to estimate sky temperature by frequency-scaling of the Haslam et al. (1982) 408 MHz map. I suggest that this practice should stop, in favor of using readily-available global sky models of diffuse foregrounds. This practical change will improve accuracy of pulse flux estimates.
description: v2, updated PyGDSM code sample
Projective Connections and the Algebra of Densities
Creators: name: George, Jacob
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Projective connections first appeared in Cartan's papers in the 1920's. Since then they have resurfaced periodically in, for example, integrable systems and perhaps most recently in the context of so called projectively equivariant quantisation. We recall the notion of projective connection and describe its relation with the algebra of densities on a manifold. In particular, we construct a Laplace-type operator on functions using a Thomas projective connection and a symmetric contravariant tensor of rank 2 (`upper metric').
description: 7 pages
Variations of the Martian Thermospheric Gravity Wave Activity during the Recent Solar Minimum as Observed by MAVEN
Creators: name: Yiğit, Erdal
name: Medvedev, Alexander S.
name: Hartogh, Paul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Atmospheric gravity (buoyancy) waves (GWs) are of great importance for the energy and momentum budget of all planetary atmospheres. Propagating upward waves carry energy and momentum from the lower atmosphere to thermospheric altitudes and re-distribute them there. On Mars, GWs dominate the variability of the thermosphere and ionosphere. We provide a comprehensive climatology of Martian thermospheric GW activity at solar minimum (end of Solar Cycle 24) inferred from measurements by Neutral Gas and Ions Mass Spectrometer on board Mars Atmosphere and Volatile EvolutioN (NGIMS/MAVEN). The results are compared and interpreted using a one-dimensional spectral nonlinear GW model. Monthly mean GW activity varies strongly as a function of altitude (150-230 km) between 6-25%, reaching a maximum at $\sim$170 km. GW activity systematically exhibits a local time variability with nighttime values exceeding those during daytime, in accordance with previous studies. The analysis suggests that the day-night difference is primarily caused by a competition between dissipation due to molecular diffusion and wave growth due to decreasing background density. Thus, convective instability mechanism is likely to play a less important role in limiting GW amplitudes in the upper thermosphere, which explains their local time behavior.
description: Accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journal. 11 Figures and 1 Table
FPGA Based Tunable Digital Filtering for Closed Loop RF Control in Synchrotrons
Creators: name: Möller, K.
name: Kumm, M.
name: Zipf, P.
name: Groß, K.
name: Lens, D.
name: Klingbeil, H.
Publisher: name: GSI Helmholtzzentrum fuer Schwerionenforschung, Darmstadt
Year: 2014
Subjects: Physics

description: GSI Scientific Report 2013 - GSI Report 2014-1
Measuring tau neutrino appearance probability via unitarity
Creators: name: Martinez-Soler, Ivan
name: Minakata, Hisakazu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a {\em unitarity method} for determining $τ$ neutrino appearance probability $P(ν_μ \rightarrow ν_τ)$ in long-baseline (LBL) accelerator experiments and atmospheric neutrino observations. When simultaneous in situ measurements of $P(ν_μ \rightarrow ν_μ)$ and $P(ν_μ \rightarrow ν_{e})$ proceed, as is typical in the LBL experiments, one can use unitarity to "measure" $P(ν_μ \rightarrow ν_τ)$. A theorists' toy analysis for the model-independent determination of $P(ν_μ \rightarrow ν_μ)$ and $P(ν_μ \rightarrow ν_{e})$ is presented by using the NOvA data. It is shown in our analysis that $\lsim$5\% (8\%) measurement of $τ$ neutrino appearance probability in neutrino (antineutrino) mode is possible in the peak region $1.5 \lesssim E_ν\lesssim 2.5$ GeV. The $ν$SM-independent nature of determination of the probabilities is emphasized.
description: Published version. New references added. 22 pages, 5 figures
Millimeter Interferometric HCN(1-0) and HCO+(1-0) Observations of Luminous Infrared Galaxies
Creators: name: Imanishi, Masatoshi
name: Nakanishi, Kouichiro
name: Tamura, Yoichi
name: Oi, Nagisa
name: Kohno, Kotaro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the results on millimeter interferometric observations of four luminous infrared galaxies (LIRGs), Arp 220, Mrk 231, IRAS 08572+3915, and VV 114, and one Wolf-Rayet galaxy, He 2-10, using the Nobeyama Millimeter Array (NMA). Both the HCN(1-0) and HCO+(1-0) molecular lines were observed simultaneously and their brightness-temperature ratios were derived. High-quality infrared L-band (2.8-4.1 micron) spectra were also obtained for the four LIRGs to better constrain their energy sources deeply buried in dust and molecular gas. When combined with other LIRGs we have previously observed with NMA, the final sample comprised nine LIRGs (12 LIRGs' nuclei) with available interferometric HCN(1-0) and HCO+(1-0) data-sufficient to investigate the overall trend in comparison with known AGNs and starburst galaxies. We found that LIRGs with luminous buried AGN signatures at other wavelengths tend to show high HCN(1-0)/HCO+(1-0) brightness-temperature ratios as seen in AGN-dominated galaxies, while the Wolf-Rayet galaxy He 2-10 displays a small ratio. An enhanced HCN abundance in the interstellar gas surrounding a strongly X-ray-emitting AGN, as predicted by some chemical calculations, is a natural explanation of our results.
description: 43 pages, 11 figures, accepted for publication in Astronomical Journal. Higher resolution version is available at http://optik2.mtk.nao.ac.jp/~imanishi/Paper/HCN2/HCN2.pdf
Convergence and cluster structures in EU area according to fluctuations in macroeconomic indices
Creators: name: Gligor, Mircea
name: Ausloos, Marcel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: General Finance (q-fin.GN)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Statistical Finance (q-fin.ST)
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The cluster analysis methods are used in order to perform a comparative study of 15 EU countries in relation with the fluctuations of some basic macroeconomic indicators. The statistical distances between countries are calculated for various moving time windows, and the time variation of the mean statistical distance is investigated. The decreasing of the mean statistical distance between EU countries is reflected in the correlated fluctuations of the basic ME indicators: GDP, GDP/capita, Consumption and Investments. This empirical evidence can be seen as an economic aspect of globalization. The Moving Average Minimal Length Path (MAMLP) algorithm allows to search for a cluster-like structures derived both from the hierarchical organization of countries and from their relative movement inside the hierarchy. It is found that the strongly correlated countries with respect to GDP fluctuations can be partitioned into stable clusters. Some of the highly correlated countries, with respect to GDP fluctuations, display strong correlations also in the Final Consumption Expenditure, while others are strongly correlated in Gross Capital Formation. On the other hand, one notices the similitude of the classifications regarding GDP and Net Exports fluctuations as concerns the squared sum of the correlation coefficients (so called country sensitivity). The final structure proves to be robust against the constant size time window moving over the scanned time interval. The policy implications of the above empirical results concern the economic clusters arising in the presence of Marshallian externalities and the relationships between trade barriers, R&D incentives and growth that must be accounted in elaborating a cluster-promotion policy.
description: 31 pages, 57 references,4 Tables, 7 figures; submitted to J. Economic Integration