cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: War Archives (Austria-Hungary)
title: War Archives (Austria-Hungary)
Creators: name: Tepperberg, Christoph
Publisher: name: BSB - Bavarian State Library
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: o.P. Österreich-Ungarn
subject: Weltkrieg [1914-1918]
subject: Propaganda
subject: o.P. World War, 1914-1918--Austria
subject: Propaganda

description: The War Archives (''Kriegsarchiv''), centre of the official historiography of the Imperial and Royal Army in the pre-war period, changed, during the First World War, into a repository for recent war records and a propaganda institution for the Austro-Hungarian armed forces. In addition, a special “Literary Group” (''Literarische Gruppe'') was founded, employing numerous notable writers. In 1916, the director of the War Archives was simultaneously the commander of the War Press Office (''Kriegspressequartier''), the propaganda centre of the Austro-Hungarian armed forces.
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
title: Voices in the Storm (journal)
title: Voices in the Storm (journal)
Creators: name: Billeter, Nicole
Publisher: name: BSB - Bavarian State Library
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: o.P. Schweiz
subject: Weltkrieg [1914-1918]
subject: o.P. World War, 1914-1918--Switzerland

description: “''Stimmen im Sturm''” was a Swiss cooperative which published nine issues with decidedly Germanophile content. They not only defended the German war effort, but also argued against the French and the Swiss French side. The journal came up against heavy critique.
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
title: Development of a Photocrosslinkable Cellulose-based Hydrogel Dressing to address Donor-site Wound Treatment
Creators: name: Tabatabaei Hosseini, Behina Sadat
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Cellulose
subject: Chitosan
subject: Photocrosslinking
subject: Wound dressing
subject: Skin grafting
subject: Engineering--Biomedical
subject: Materials Science

description: Donor site wounds arise from the extraction of healthy skin for the purpose of skin grafting, employed to address extensive skin loss resulting from deep burns, ulcers, or trauma. Typically, the recovery period for these wounds spans 10-14 days, although individual variations exist, influenced by factors such as the patient's age and nutritional well-being. Post-harvesting, donor site wounds commonly exhibit increased pain levels, attributed to the exposure of dermal nerve endings. Additionally, these wounds are susceptible to infection, scar formation, and functional impairment. Although research indicates that moist dressings offer the best conditions for healing donor site wounds, the currently available dressings often fail to create an optimal environment to reduce pain and speed up recovery. This study aims to develop a bio-based moist dressing designed to manage moisture levels while offering the capability for controlled, localized drug release. Addressing the main limitations associated with the existing dressings—inefficient moisture and pain management— and aiming for immediate and tunable wound coverage, a photocrosslinkable hydrogel dressing was designed. A cellulose derivative was chosen and modified with methacrylate groups to achieve photocrosslinking. The modification process was fine-tuned by adjusting pH and time for optimal methacrylation degree. The modified cellulose was then added to a methacrylated chitosan base to form an interpenetrating polymer network. The mechanical and physical properties were evaluated for each composition of the hydrogel. Additionally, the biocompatibility, antimicrobial, antifouling and hemocompatibility effect of the best performing hydrogel were assessed. Firstly, we successfully modified the cellulose and chitosan components, leading to the formation of a stable and fast crosslinking hydrogel within 1 min. The NMR results indicated a 30% methacrylation degree for the cellulose derivative, outperforming the previously reported values. The tensile strength, rheology, and swelling ratio of the hydrogels were tuneable by adjusting the cellulose concentration in the hybrid hydrogel. Furthermore, the final hydrogel showed excellent antifouling, cell viability and hemocompatibility. In conclusion, our rapid crosslinking hydrogel, derived from modified cellulose and chitosan, addressed critical aspects of donor site wound care. With tuneable properties and proven attributes supporting wound management, it promises advancement in donor site wound treatment.
Algebraically contractible topological tensor network states
Creators: name: Denny, S. J.
name: Biamonte, J. D.
name: Jaksch, D.
name: Clark, S. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We adapt the bialgebra and Hopf relations to expose internal structure in the ground state of a Hamiltonian with $Z_2$ topological order. Its tensor network description allows for exact contraction through simple diagrammatic rewrite rules. The contraction property does not depend on specifics such as geometry, but rather originates from the non-trivial algebraic properties of the constituent tensors. We then generalise the resulting tensor network from a spin-1/2 lattice to a class of exactly contractible states on spin-S degrees of freedom, yielding the most efficient tensor network description of finite Abelian lattice gauge theories. We gain a new perspective on these states as examples of two-dimensional quantum states with algebraically contractible tensor network representations. The introduction of local perturbations to the network is shown to reduce the von Neumann entropy of string-like regions, creating an unentangled sub-system within the bulk in a certain limit. We also show how perturbations induce finite-range correlations in this system. This class of tensor networks is readily translated onto any lattice, and we differentiate between the physical consequences of bipartite and non-bipartite lattices on the properties of the corresponding quantum states. We explicitly show this on the hexagonal, square, kagome and triangular lattices.
description: 23 pages, 6 figures
Insights into real-world treatment of cluster headache through a large Italian database: prevalence, prescription patterns, and costs
Creators: name: Piccinni, Carlo
name: Cevoli, Sabina
name: Ronconi, Giulia
name: Dondi, Letizia
name: Calabria, Silvia
name: Pedrini, Antonella
name: Maggioni, Aldo P.
name: Esposito, Immacolata
name: Addesi, Alice
name: Favoni, Valentina
name: Pierangeli, Giulia
name: Cortelli, Pietro
name: Martini, Nello
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer

description: Objective: This study aimed at estimating the treated cluster headache (CH) prevalence and describing prescription patterns and direct costs paid by the Italian National-Health-System. Methods: Through the ReS database (healthcare administrative data collection of a large sample of the Italian population), adults in treatment for CH (acute therapy with sumatriptan/subcutaneous or oxygen, associated with preventive therapy with verapamil or lithium) were selected. A cross-sectional analysis described the prevalence of CH-treated subjects repeated annually in 2013–2017. A longitudinal analysis of patients selected in 2013–2015 and followed for 2 years provided the prescription patterns. Results: The annual prevalence of CH-treated patients increased from 6.4×100,000 adults in 2013 to 6.7 in 2017. In 2013–2015, 570 patients (80.7% M; mean age 46) treated for CH were found. In 50.4%, the identifying CH treatment was sumatriptan/subcutaneous+verapamil. During follow-up, >1/3 changed the preventive drug and interruption was the most frequent modification, although acute treatments were still prescribed. The mean annual cost/patient ranged from €2,956 to €2,267; pharmaceuticals expenditure represented the 56.4% and 57.3%, respectively. Conclusions: This study showed an important unmet need among CH patients, carrying a high economic burden that should be considered in the evaluation of the impact of incoming therapies (e.g. Calcitonin-Gene-Related-Peptide antibodies).
The antitumor activity of CYB-L10, a human topoisomerase IB catalytic inhibitor
Creators: name: Yu, Qian
name: Chen, Yu
name: Yang, Hui
name: Zhang, Hong-Li
name: Agama, Keli
name: Pommier, Yves
name: An, Lin-Kun
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer

description: DNA topoisomerase IB (TOP1) is a validated target for discovery and development of antitumor agents. Four TOP1 poisons are clinically used for tumor treatment now. In spite of their effectiveness in solid tumors, these camptothecin (CPT) poisons suffer from many shortcomings. Therefore, many investigations have focused on the discoveries of non-CPT poisons and catalytic inhibitors. Herein, we systematically study the antitumor activity of CYB-L10, a novel indolizinoquinolinedione TOP1 catalytic inhibitor discovered in our laboratory. The results indicated that CYB-L10 mainly acts on TOP1 in cancer cells and is not a substrate of the P-glycoprotein. In addition, CYB-L10 can induce apoptosis of HCT116 cells, shows high cytotoxicity against 60 human clinical cancer cell lines (NCI60) with the mean-graph midpoint for growth inhibition of all cancer cell lines of 0.050 µM concentration and obvious antitumor efficiency in vivo in the HCT116 xenograft model.
Predicting and changing avoidance goals in social interaction anxiety
Creators: name: Trew, Jennifer Lea
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2013

description: Social anxiety is associated with social performance deficits, interpersonal problems, and negative affective responses to social interactions. It has also been linked to reduced approach motivation and enhanced avoidance motivation. Models of self-regulation (e.g., Gable, 2006) suggest that social goals may contribute to interpersonal and affective difficulties, yet little research has addressed this issue in the context of social anxiety. The present studies evaluated a hierarchical model of approach and avoidance in social interaction anxiety, with affect hypothesized to be a mediating factor in the relationship between general motivational tendencies and idiographic social goals. This model was developed and refined using questionnaire data from a sample of 186 undergraduate students and was cross validated in a second sample of 195 undergraduates. The findings support hierarchical relationships between general motivational tendencies, social interaction anxiety, affect, and social goals. Interestingly, positive affect inversely predicted social avoidance goals in both samples. Based on these findings, a third study assessed whether a technique that increases positive affect also reduces social avoidance goals in social anxiety. A sample of 115 undergraduates high in social interaction anxiety were randomly assigned to one of three conditions: performing kind acts (AK; N = 38), a condition that has been shown to increase positive affect in socially anxious individuals (Alden & Trew, 2012); decreasing social avoidance (SA; N = 41), a condition that directly targets avoidance; and recording life details (N = 36), a standard emotionally neutral control condition (e.g., Lyubomirsky, Dickerhoof, Boehm, & Sheldon, 2011). The findings indicate that, although AK did not increase positive affect relative to the other two conditions, it did decrease social avoidance goals, an effect that was mediated by reductions in social anxiety. SA was associated with reduced social anxiety and increased relatedness need satisfaction, self-esteem, and positive social activities. Although a reduction in social avoidance goals was not evident in this group at post-intervention, multilevel modelling analyses suggest that social avoidance may decrease with additional time. The implications of these findings for models of approach and avoidance, positive affect techniques, and the treatment of social anxiety are discussed.
Effectiveness and Safety of Tenofovir Gel, an Antiretroviral Microbicide, for the Prevention of HIV Infection in Women
Creators: name: Abdool Karim, Quarraisha
name: Abdool Karim, Salim
name: Frohlich, Janet A.
name: Grobler, Anneke C.
name: Baxter, Cheryl
name: Mansoor, Leila E.
name: Kharsany, Ayesha B. M.
name: Sibeko, Sengeziwe
name: Mlisana, Koleka P.
name: Omar, Zaheen
name: Gengiah, Tanuja N.
name: Maarschalk, Silvia
name: Arulappan, Natasha
name: Mlotshwa, Mukelisiwe
name: Morris, Lynn
name: Taylor, Douglas
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2010
Subjects: Virology
Epidemiology
HIV (Viruses)
Antiviral agents--Testing

description: The CAPRISA 004 trial assessed effectiveness and safety of a 1% vaginal gel formulation of tenofovir, a nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitor, for the prevention of HIV acquisition in women. A double-blind, randomized controlled trial was conducted comparing tenofovir gel (n=445) with placebo gel (n=444) in sexually active, HIV-uninfected 18-40 year-old women in urban and rural KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa HIV serostatus, safety, sexual behavior and gel and condom use were assessed at monthly follow-up visits for 30 months. HIV incidence in the tenofovir gel arm was 5.6 per 100 women-years (wy), i.e. person time of study observation, (38/680.6wy) compared to 9.1 per 100 wy (60/660.7wy) in the placebo gel arm (Incidence Rate Ratio (IRR)=0.61; p=0.017).In high adherers (gel adherence >80%), HIV incidence was 54% lower (p=0.025) in the tenofovir gel arm. In intermediate adherers (gel adherence 50-80%) and low adherers (gel adherence < 50%) the HIV incidence reduction was 38% and 28% respectively.  Tenofovir gel reduced HIV acquisition by an estimated 39% overall, and by 54% in women with high gel adherence. No increase in the overall adverse event rates was observed.  There were no changes in viral load and no tenofovir resistance in HIV seroconvertors. Tenofovir gel could potentially fill an important HIV prevention gap, especially for women unable to successfully negotiate mutual monogamy or condom use.
Library Toolkit : pathophysiology--dentistry
Creators: name: Ispahany, Nighat
name: Torraca, Kathren
name: Chilov, Marina
name: Allen, Tracy
name: Matsoukas, Konstantina
name: Zimbler, Elaine
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2006
Subjects: Library science
Medical libraries--Reference services

description: A case study describing the creation of a library toolkit for a pathophysiology course for Columbia dental students.
Multi-Phase Three-Dimensional Level Set Segmentation of Brain MRI
Creators: name: Angelini, Elsa D.
name: Song, Ting
name: Mensh, Brett D.
name: Laine, Andrew F.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2004
Subjects: Biomedical engineering

description: Segmentation of cortical structures on clinical brain MRI data is applied for clinical study of depression on elderly subjects. Segmentation of clinical MRI data is more challenging than with simulated data due to intensity overlap among cortical structures and non-homogeneity within each tissue.
HIV infection and tuberculosis in South Africa: an urgent need to escalate the public health response
Creators: name: Abdool Karim, Salim
name: Churchyard, Gavin J.
name: Abdool Karim, Quarraisha
name: Lawn, Stephen D.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2010
Subjects: Public health
HIV (Viruses)
Tuberculosis--Epidemiology

description: One of the greatest challenges facing post-apartheid South Africa is the control of the concomitant HIV and tuberculosis epidemics. HIV continues to spread relentlessly, and tuberculosis has been declared a national emergency. In 2007, South Africa, with 0·7% of the world's population, had 17% of the global burden of HIV infection, and one of the world's worst tuberculosis epidemics, compounded by rising drug resistance and HIV co-infection. Until recently, the South African Government's response to these diseases has been marked by denial, lack of political will, and poor implementation of policies and programmes. Nonetheless, there have been notable achievements in disease management, including substantial improvements in access to condoms, expansion of tuberculosis control efforts, and scale-up of free antiretroviral therapy (ART). Care for acutely ill AIDS patients and long-term provision of ART are two issues that dominate medical practice and the health-care system. Decisive action is needed to implement evidence-based priorities for the control of the HIV and tuberculosis epidemics. By use of the framework of the Strategic Plans for South Africa for tuberculosis and HIV/AIDS, we provide prioritised four-step approaches for tuberculosis control, HIV prevention, and HIV treatment. Strong leadership, political will, social mobilisation, adequate human and financial resources, and sustainable development of health-care services are needed for successful implementation of these approaches.
On the initial shear field of the cosmic web
Creators: name: Rossi, Graziano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The initial shear field, characterized by a primordial perturbation potential, plays a crucial role in the formation of large scale structures. Hence, considerable analytic work has been based on the joint distribution of its eigenvalues, associated with Gaussian statistics. In addition, directly related morphological quantities such as ellipticity or prolateness are essential tools in understanding the formation and structural properties of halos, voids, sheets and filaments, their relation with the local environment, and the geometrical and dynamical classification of the cosmic web. To date, most analytic work has been focused on Doroshkevich's unconditional formulae for the eigenvalues of the linear tidal field, which neglect the fact that halos (voids) may correspond to maxima (minima) of the density field. I present here new formulae for the constrained eigenvalues of the initial shear field associated with Gaussian statistics, which include the fact that those eigenvalues are related to regions where the source of the displacement is positive (negative): this is achieved by requiring the Hessian matrix of the displacement field to be positive (negative) definite. The new conditional formulae naturally reduce to Doroshkevich's unconditional relations, in the limit of no correlation between the potential and the density fields. As a direct application, I derive the individual conditional distributions of eigenvalues and point out the connection with previous literature. Finally, I outline other possible theoretically- or observationally-oriented uses, ranging from studies of halo and void triaxial formation, development of structure-finding algorithms for the morphology and topology of the cosmic web, till an accurate mapping of the gravitational potential environment of galaxies from current and future generation galaxy redshift surveys.
description: 12 pages, 3 figures. MNRAS in press
Probing multigluon correlations through single spin asymmetries in pp collisions
Creators: name: Koike, Yuji
name: Yoshida, Shinsuke
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the single spin asymmetries for the $D$-meson production, Drell-Yan lepton-pair production and the direct-photon production in the $pp$ collision induced by the twist-3 three-gluon correlation functions in the transversely polarized nucleon. We present a corresponding polarized cross section formula in the leading-order with respect to the QCD coupling and a model calculation for the asymmetries, illustrating the sensitivity to the form of the correlation functions.
description: Proceedings of the talk presented at the 8th Circum-Pan-Pacific Symposium on High Energy Spin Physics: PacSPIN2011, Cairns, Australia, June 20-24, 2011. 6 pages, 3 figures
Evaluation of Contrast Enhancement by Digital Equalization in Digital Mammography
Creators: name: Huda, Walter
name: Jin, Yinpeng
name: Laine, Andrew F.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2000
Subjects: Biomedical engineering

description: Purpose: This study evaluated an algorithm based on a method of contrast enhancement by digital equalization (CEDE). Method: The algorithm was designed to enhance image contrast by employing digital equalization of digital mammograms. The CEDE algorithm was tested using ten mammograms with cancer (13 lesions) taken the University of South Florida data base, together with eight mammograms which only contained benign lesions. Three readers compared the processed images with the original mammograms for lesion conspicuity. A five point ranking scale was employed where a score of 3 corresponded to equal lesion visibility, ranks > 3 corresponded to superior lesion visibility, whereas ranks < 3 corresponded to markedly inferior lesion visibility. Results: The mean observer score for all lesions was always at least equal to that of the original digital mammogram (i.e., 3 or greater), and there was no evidence of any image distortion or other image processing artefacts. The mean rank (± standard deviation) for the 13 malignant lesions was 3.52 ± 0.38. The corresponding rank for the eight benign lesions was 3.33 ± 0.26. These differences were statistically significant in terms of standard error. Conclusion: The CEDE algorithm is capable of significantly enhancing lesion contrast in digital mammograms and our preliminary results indicate that this algorithm merits additional refinement and further (objective) evaluation.
Eliminating the eta-problem in SUGRA Hybrid Inflation with Vector Backreaction
Creators: name: Dimopoulos, Konstantinos
name: Lazarides, George
name: Wagstaff, Jacques M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is shown that, when the inflaton field modulates the gauge kinetic function of the gauge fields in supergravity realisations of inflation, the dynamic backreaction leads to a new inflationary attractor solution, in which the inflaton's variation suffers additional impedance. As a result, slow-roll inflation can naturally occur along directions of the scalar potential which would be too steep and curved to support it otherwise. This provides a generic solution to the infamous eta-problem of inflation in supergravity. Moreover, it is shown that, in the new inflationary attractor, the spectral index of the generated curvature perturbations is kept mildly red despite eta of order unity. The above findings are applied to a model of hybrid inflation is supergravity with a generic Kaehler potential. The spectral index of the generated curvature perturbations is found to be 0.97 - 0.98, in excellent agreement with observations. The gauge field can play the role of the vector curvaton after inflation but observable statistical anisotropy requires substantial tuning of the gauge coupling.
description: 25 pages. Published in JCAP. Minor corrections. References added
From Majorana Fermions to Topological Order
Creators: name: Terhal, Barbara M.
name: Hassler, Fabian
name: DiVincenzo, David P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a system consisting of a 2D network of links between Majorana fermions on superconducting islands. We show that the fermionic Hamiltonian modeling this system is topologically-ordered in a region of parameter space. In particular we show that Kitaev's toric code emerges in fourth-order perturbation theory. By using a Jordan-Wigner transformation we can map the model onto a family of signed 2D Ising models in a transverse field where the signs (FM or AFM) are determined by additional gauge bits. Our mapping allows an understanding of the non-perturbative regime and the phase transition to a non-topological phase. We discuss the physics behind a possible implementation of this model and argue how it can be used for topological quantum computation by adiabatic changes in the Hamiltonian.
description: 4+4 pages, 5 figures. v2 has a new reference and a few new comments. In v3: yet another new reference and Supplementary Material is renamed Appendix. In v4: several typos are corrected, to appear in Phys. Rev. Lett
Salivary and urinary methodology for ovulation and menstrual cycle phase detection among eumenorrheic females: A scoping review protocol
Creators: name: Doroshuk, Marissa L.
name: Kazakoff, Alissa
name: Hayden, K. Alix
name: Doyle-Baker, Patricia K.
Publisher: name: Community Health Sciences
Year: 2022
Subjects: Scoping Review
Scoping Review Protocol
Estrogen
Progesterone
Luteinizing Hormone
Menstrual Cycle
Ovulation Detection
Salivary Estrogen Testing Methods
Salivary Progesterone Testing Methods
Urinary LH Testing Methods

description: Most females will experience variability in their menstrual cycle (MC) at some point across the reproductive lifespan (Bull et al., 2019). Current literature suggests that it is important for females to track MC regularity and ovulation occurrence as it is related to other health outcomes (Lynch et al., 2014). MC tracking and ovulation can be detected using a variety of methods (Allen et al., 2017). The gold standard for ovulation detection includes daily transvaginal ultrasonography and laparoscopic evaluation of the developing follicle until the point of rupture. These methods, however, can be costly, invasive, and have a large participant burden (Allen et al., 2017; Lynch et al., 2014). Therefore, accessible, and reliable methods of ovulation and MC phase detection are warranted. The study objective is to examine methods in the literature associated with salivary assay and urinary hormone testing for ovulation and menstrual cycle phase detection. Inclusion criteria for participants and defining characteristics consist of the following a) eumenorrheic females between 18 to 45 years of age, b) salivary and/or urinary hormone testing methods, c) menstrual cycle measurement, d) ovulation detection, and e) estradiol, progesterone, and/or luteinizing hormone (LH) measures. The proposed scoping review will be conducted in accordance with the JBI methodology for scoping reviews described in the JBI Manual for Evidence Synthesis (2020). The review will also cover the 2018 PRISMA reporting items for scoping review extensions (Tricco et al., 2018). Population: Eumenorrheic Females. Concept: Salivary and Urinary Hormone Testing Methods. Context: Ovulation and Menstrual Cycle Phase Detection PRIMARY QUESTION: What is the validity and reliability of salivary and urinary assay testing for female sex hormones in ovulation detection and menstrual cycle phase identification? SECONDARY QUESTION: What are the salivary and urinary protocols used to test female sex hormones and what ranges are considered within normal? TERTIARY QUESTION: Are salivary and urinary assays for female sex hormones (estrogen, progesterone, and luteinizing hormone) comparable to the gold standard, serum, in relation to the menstrual cycle?"
Renormalization Group Approach for the Wave Packet Dynamics in Golden-Mean and Silver-Mean Labyrinth Tilings
Creators: name: Thiem, Stefanie
name: Schreiber, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the quantum diffusion in quasiperiodic tight-binding models in one, two, and three dimensions. First, we investigate a class of one-dimensional quasiperiodic chains, in which the atoms are coupled by weak and strong bonds aligned according to the metallic-mean sequences. The associated generalized labyrinth tilings in d dimensions are then constructed from the direct product of d such chains, which allows us to consider rather large systems numerically. The electronic transport is studied by computing the scaling behavior of the mean-square displacement of the wave packets with respect to the time. The results reveal the occurrence of anomalous diffusion in these systems. By extending a renormalization group approach, originally proposed for the golden-mean chain, we show also for the silver-mean chain as well as for the higher-dimensional labyrinth tilings that in the regime of strong quasiperiodic modulation the wave-packet dynamics are governed by the underlying quasiperiodic structure.
description: 15 pages, 20 figures
Lumen Border Detection of Intravascular Ultrasound via Denoising of Directional Wavelet Representations
Creators: name: Katouzian, Amin
name: Angelini, Elsa D.
name: Lorsakul, Auranuch
name: Sturm, Bernhard
name: Laine, Andrew F.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2009
Subjects: Biomedical engineering
Intravascular ultrasonagraphy

description: In this paper, intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) grayscale images, acquired with a single-element mechanically rotating transducer, are processed with wavelet denoising and region-based segmentation to extract various layers of lumen contours and plaques. First, IVUS volumetric data is expanded on complex exponential wavelet-like basis functions, also known as Brushlets, which are well localized in time and frequency domains. Brushlets denoising have demonstrated in the past a great aptitude for denoising ultrasound data and removal of blood speckles. A region-based segmentation framework is then applied for detection of lumen border layers, which remains one of the most challenging problems in IVUS image analysis for images acquired with a single element, mechanically rotating 45 MHz transducer. We evaluated hard thresholding for Brushlet denoising, and compared segmentation results to manually traced lumen borders. We observed good agreement and suggest that the proposed algorithm has a great potential to be used as a reliable pre-processing step for accurate lumen border detection.
Sugarcane bagasse as a novel low/no cost organic carbon source for growth of Chlorella sp. BR2
Creators: name: Manzoor, Maleeha
name: Jabeen, Faiza
name: Thomas-Hall, Skye R
name: Altaf, Javaria
name: Younis, Tahira
name: M. Schenk, Peer
name: Iqbal Qazi, Javed
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: Science Policy

description: The most sustainable and eco-friendly approaches for biodiesel production now a days is microalgae farming due to its prompt growth rate, not affecting food chain and high oil yields. However, pilot scale harvesting is not economically feasible. Cultivating microalgae on food wastes/food industrial wastes will help improving the problem significantly. Microalgae have been employed on various wastes/industrial effluents which have been proved to be valuable nutrient sources. Sugarcane bagasse was utilized as low-cost carbon source in the present study which is one of abundantly available, biodegradable and cheap agro-industrial food waste. The highest productivity of 0.056 g L−1 d−1, lipid contents of 13.55% and protein contents of 31.5% were observed when Chlorella sp. BR2 was grown mixotrophically in bagasse. Fatty acids analyzed via GCMS, showed that the C16 and C18 were predominating fatty acids in Chlorella grown mixotrophically in bagasse and hence make it a suitable feedstock for the production of a good quality biodiesel. Thus the present study proved that Chlorella sp. BR2 appears potential candidate for biodiesel production while utilizing sugarcane bagasse as an organic carbon substrate.
Coronary Occlusion Detection with 4D Optical Flow Based Strain Estimation on 4D Ultrasound
Creators: name: Duan, Qi
name: Angelini, Elsa D.
name: Lorsakul, Auranuch
name: Homma, Shunichi
name: Laine, Andrew F.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2009
Subjects: Biomedical engineering

description: Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE) offers an efficient way to obtain complete 3D images of the heart over an entire cardiac cycle in just a few seconds. The complex 3D wall motion and temporal information contained in these 4D data sequences has the potential to enhance and supplement other imaging modalities for clinical diagnoses based on cardiac motion analysis. In our previous work, a 4D optical flow based method was developed to estimate dynamic cardiac metrics, including strains and displacements, from 4D ultrasound. In this study, in order to evaluate the ability of our method in detecting ischemic regions, coronary artery occlusion experiments at various locations were performed on five dogs. 4D ultrasound data acquired during these experiments were analyzed with our proposed method. Ischemic regions predicted by the outcome of strain measurements were compared to predictions from cardiac physiology with strong agreement. This is the first direct validation study of our image analysis method for biomechanical prediction and in vivo experimental outcome.
Additional file 1 of Evaluation of factors influencing tick bites and tick-borne infections: a longitudinal study
Creators: name: Jensen, Bo Bødker
name: Bruun, Mie Topholm
name: Jensen, Per Moestrup
name: Pedersen, Andreas Kristian
name: Fournier, Pierre-Edouard
name: Skarphedinsson, Sigurdur
name: Chen, Ming
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Ecology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Results from the polychoric factor analysis of correlated variables in the five underlying factors, which were identified through Horn’s parallel analysis. The factors are to be seen as underlying variables, which investigate the same aspects as our measurable variables. Values with an absolute value over 0.20 indicate that the measured variable is associated with the underlying factor.
Majorana single-charge transistor
Creators: name: Hützen, R.
name: Zazunov, A.
name: Braunecker, B.
name: Yeyati, A. Levy
name: Egger, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study transport through a Coulomb blockaded topologically nontrivial superconducting wire (with Majorana end states) contacted by metallic leads. An exact formula for the current through this interacting Majorana single-charge transistor is derived in terms of wire spectral functions. A comprehensive picture follows from three different approaches. We find Coulomb oscillations with universal halving of the finite-temperature peak conductance under strong blockade conditions, where the valley conductance mainly comes from elastic cotunneling. The nonlinear conductance exhibits finite-voltage sidebands due to anomalous tunneling involving Cooper pair splitting.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures, published version
Consistency in Applying the Loss of Righting Reflex to Assess Unconsciousness during Induction of General Anesthesia in Rats and Mice: A Systematic Review Protocol
Creators: name: Merenick, Dexter
name: Jessel, Anisha
name: Ganshorn, Heather
name: Pang, Daniel
Publisher: name: Libraries and Cultural Resources
Year: 2022
Subjects: rats
mice
loss of righting reflex (LORR)
loss of consciousness (LOC)
general anesthesia

description: This systematic review protocol will evaluate the following question: How is the loss of righting reflex performed across studies to assess unconsciousness during induction of general anesthesia in rats and mice? The overall aim of this paper is to critically assess and evaluate the current published knowledge surrounding the LORR methodology and how it is performed.
Bioethanol production from whey powder by immobilized E. coli expressing Vitreoscilla hemoglobin: optimization of sugar concentration and inoculum size
Creators: name: Sar, Taner
name: C. Stark, Benjamin
name: Akbas, Meltem Yesilcimen
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: 60506 Virology

description: A combined Vitreoscilla hemoglobin/immobilization system was evaluated for ethanol production using whey powder as a carbon source and ethanologenic E. coli strain FBR5 and its Vitreoscilla hemoglobin (VHb) expressing derivative strain, TS3. The effects of varying the inoculation concentration (5, 10, 20 or 30%) of alginate beads containing cells of either strain, and the lactose levels (8–15%) of whey powder media (WP8-WP15), were studied. Ethanol production was enhanced in strain TS3 compared to strain FBR5 for all combinations of inoculation size and medium lactose concentration. This enhancement increased from 41% to 83% with an 8–15% increase in lactose concentration. The maximum amount of ethanol, 4.64% (v/v) with 99% fermentation efficiency, was produced after growth for 72 h by immobilized strain TS3, using 10% bead inoculation and medium containing 8% lactose.
Stitching Generations Together: The Isadore and Mary Rose Charlo Family Exhibit and Doll Sewing Workshops
Creators: Bourgeois, Rebecca L.
Gelderman, Karen
Goldberg, Elizabeth (Libby)
Publisher: name: University of Alberta Library
Year: 2023

This booklet is the second volume of the Tłı̨chǫ Cultural Commons Research Series which is centered around the work being done surrounding the development of the Tłı̨chǫ archive and museum. Here we detail the first installation of the rotating Tłı̨chǫ Family Exhibit, curated by Elizabeth Sanspariel to tell the story of her parents Isadore and Mary Rose Charlo. The exhibit and doll-sewing event originated from discussions at the Night at the Museum archival sharing circle (see Tłı̨chǫ Cultural Commons Research Series vol. 1) that took place in December 2022. Both at this event and in interviews that followed, we heard that community members would like to see their family members and teachers honoured in the museum, rather than just the chiefs or political leadership. Thanks to the donation of a new glass display case by the Prince of Wales Northern Heritage Centre, this feedback was able to be incorporated into the museum. Tłı̨chǫ Arts and Heritage Facilitator Karen Gelderman knew that many Tłı̨chǫ families curated their own cultural belongings, and approached Elizabeth Sanspariel about creating an exhibit that honoured her parents. This resulted in the creation of the Isadore and Mary Rose Charlo Family Exhibit.

The Isadore and Mary Rose Charlo Family Exhibit in the Behchokǫ̀ Community Museum was a first attempt at creating a family curated display designed to share the stories and legacy of a strong Tłı̨chǫ couple. Their daughter, Elizabeth Sanspariel, collected belongings and stories with the help of her family members. From there, assisted by Rosalie Scott (the conservator at the Prince of Wales Northern Heritage Centre), this exhibit was created. It is the first of a series of new museum programming—the Tłı̨chǫ Family Exhibit—that will provide a rotating space where community members can curate belongings that tell the story of their families.

Accompanying the exhibit was the Mary Rose Charlo inspired doll making workshop and school event. The workshop and exhibit combination is a powerful way to teach younger generations traditional Tłı̨chǫ skills. We hope that this model is the start of larger museum programming that will include exhibits and workshops focused on other traditional practices and arts, such as snowshoes and dog blankets.
Kondo effect in interacting nanoscopic systems: Keldysh field integral theory
Creators: name: Smirnov, Sergey
name: Grifoni, Milena
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Kondo physics in nonequilibrium interacting nanoscale devices is an attractive fundamental many-particle phenomenon with a rich potential for applications. Due to enormous complexity its clear and flexible theory is still highly desirable. We develop a physically transparent analytical theory capable to correctly describe the Kondo effect in strongly interacting systems at temperatures close to and above the Kondo temperature. We derive a nonequilibrium Keldysh field theory valid for a system with any finite electron-electron interaction which is much stronger than the coupling of the system to contacts. Finite electron-electron interactions are treated involving as many slave-boson degrees of freedom as one needs for a concrete many-body system. In a small vicinity of the zero slave-bosonic field configuration weak slave-bosonic oscillations, induced by the dot-contacts tunneling, are described by an effective Keldysh action quadratic in the slave-bosonic fields. For clarity the theory is presented for the single impurity Anderson model but the construction of the Keldysh field integral is universal and applicable to systems with more complex many-body spectra.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures
Automatic 4-D Registration in Dynamic MR Renography Based on Over-complete Dyadic Wavelet and Fourier Transforms
Creators: name: Song, Ting
name: Lee, Vivian S.
name: Rusinek, Henry
name: Kaur, Manmeen
name: Laine, Andrew F.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2005
Subjects: Biomedical engineering

description: Dynamic contrast-enhanced 4-D MR renography has the potential for broad clinical applications, but suffers from respiratory motion that limits analysis and interpretation. Since each examination yields at least over 10-20 serial 3-D images of the abdomen, manual registration is prohibitively labor-intensive. Besides in-plane motion and translation, out-of-plane motion and rotation are observed in the image series. In this paper, a novel robust and automated technique for removing out-of-plane translation and rotation with sub-voxel accuracy in 4-D dynamic MR images is presented. The method was evaluated on simulated motion data derived directly from a clinical patient's data. The method was also tested on 24 clinical patient kidney data sets. Registration results were compared with a mutual information method, in which differences between manually co-registered time-intensity curves and tested time-intensity curves were compared. Evaluation results showed that our method agreed well with these ground truth data.
Tracking of LV Endocardial Surface on Real-Time Three-Dimensional Ultrasound with Optical Flow
Creators: name: Duan, Qi
name: Angelini, Elsa D.
name: Herz, Susan L.
name: Gerard, Olivier
name: Allain, Pascal
name: Costa, Kevin D.
name: Ingrassia, Christopher M.
name: Homma, Shunichi
name: Holmes, Jeffrey W.
name: Laine, Andrew F.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2005
Subjects: Biomedical engineering

description: Real-time three-dimensional (RT3D) ultrasound with matrix-phased array transducers enable fast, non-invasive visualization of cardiac ventricles. Segmentation of ventricular volumes on RT3D ultrasound is typically performed at end-diastole (ED) and end-systole (ES). Automation of the segmentation process and propagation of segmentation in time is challenging. In this context, a correlation-based 3D+Time optical flow algorithm was applied for tracking of myocardial surfaces. Initialization was performed with either manual tracing or QLAB© software (Philips Medical Systems).
Flow curve approximation using Avitzur's model for barreling compression test
Creators: name: Soheil Solhjoo
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: axisymmetric compression test
stress-strain curve
Avitzur

description: The combination of the Cylindrical Profile Model (CPM) and Avitzur’s model is commonly used to determine flow stress curves in material testing using compression test. In this process, stress is corrected for friction using Avitzur’s model and the average strain is calculated from CPM. This study proposes a method for estimating strain based on Avitzur’s model. Through the presented case studies, the impact of this strain correction on the flow curves is demonstrated. The results show that increasing friction leads to higher strain values at the center of the sample, due to barreling. The proposed method provides a more accurate interpretation of compression test results.
$W$ helicity and constraints on the $Wtb$ vertex at the Tevatron
Creators: name: Deterre, Cécile
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the results obtained by the CDF and D0 collaborations on the extraction of the CKM matrix element Vtb, the $W$ helicity measurements, and the constraints obtained on the $Wtb$ vertex.
description: Proceedings of the TOP2011 conference
Graviton Phenomenology of Linear Dilaton Geometries
Creators: name: Baryakhtar, Masha
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Five-dimensional geometries with a linearly varying dilaton background arise as gravity duals of TeV Little String Theories (LSTs) and provide a solution of the hierarchy problem through extra dimensions. The unique Kaluza-Klein graviton spectrum has a mass gap on the order of the dilaton slope followed by a closely spaced discretum of states. We study in detail the graviton phenomenology in this scenario, allowing the dilaton slope to vary from the MeV to the TeV scale. When the dilaton slope is large enough so that individual KK resonances can be resolved at the LHC, several of them can be discovered simultaneously and allow for the linear dilaton geometry to be uniquely identified. For much smaller values of the dilaton slope, the LHC signatures become similar to the 5-d ADD scenario while relaxing the astrophysical and experimental constraints. Due to the mass gap, the KK modes are produced on-shell and decay inside the LHC detector, modifying the diphoton and dilepton spectra at large invariant mass. Finally, we perform a similar analysis for the low curvature RS geometry. We present experimental limits and calculate the ultimate reach of a 14 TeV LHC for all the above scenarios.
description: 26 pages, 5 figures