cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Edge-Mediated Skyrmion Chain and Its Collective Dynamics in a Confined Geometry
Creators: name: Du, Haifeng
name: Che, Renchao
name: Kong, Lingyao
name: Zhao, Xuebing
name: Jin, Chiming
name: Wang, Chao
name: Yang, Jiyong
name: Ning, Wei
name: jin, Runwei Li Changqing
name: Chen, Xianhui
name: Zang, Jiadong
name: Zhang, Yuheng
name: Tian, Mingliang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The emergence of a topologically nontrivial vortex-like magnetic structure, the magnetic skyrmion, has launched new concepts for memory devices. There, extensive studies have theoretically demonstrated the ability to encode information bits by using a chain of skyrmions in one-dimensional nanostripes. Here, we report the first experimental observation of the skyrmion chain in FeGe nanostripes by using high resolution Lorentz transmission electron microscopy. Under an applied field normal to the nanostripes plane, we observe that the helical ground states with distorted edge spins would evolves into individual skyrmions, which assemble in the form of chain at low field and move collectively into the center of nanostripes at elevated field. Such skyrmion chain survives even as the width of nanostripe is much larger than the single skyrmion size. These discovery demonstrates new way of skyrmion formation through the edge effect, and might, in the long term, shed light on the applications.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures
Biological and behavioural parameters for 3-dimensional biophysical dispersal model from Dispersal and population connectivity are phenotype dependent in a marine metapopulation
Creators: name: Fobert, Emily K.
name: Treml, Eric A.
name: Swearer, Stephen E.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Larval dispersal is a key process determining population connectivity, metapopulation dynamics and community structure in benthic marine ecosystems, yet the biophysical complexity of dispersal is not well understood. In this study, we investigate the interaction between disperser phenotype and hydrodynamics on larval dispersal pathways, using a temperate reef fish species, Trachinops caudimaculatus. We assessed the influence of larval traits on depth distribution and dispersal outcomes by: (i) using 24-h depth-stratified ichthyoplankton sampling; (ii) quantifying individual phenotypes using larval growth histories extracted from the sagittal otoliths of individual larvae; and (iii) simulating potential dispersal outcomes based on the empirical distribution of larval phenotypes and an advanced biological-physical ocean model. We found T. caudimaculatus larvae were vertically stratified with respect to phenotype, with high-quality phenotypes found in the bottom two depth strata, and poor-quality phenotypes found primarily at the surface. Our model showed high- and average-quality larvae experienced significantly higher local retention (more than double) and self-recruitment, and travelled shorter distances relative to poor-quality larvae. As populations are only connected when dispersers survive long enough to reproduce, determining how larval phenotype influences dispersal outcomes will be important for improving our understanding of marine population connectivity and persistence.
3-dimensional mixed BF theory and Hitchin's integrable system
Creators: name: Vicedo, Benoit
name: Winstone, Jennifer
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The affine Gaudin model, associated with an untwisted affine Kac-Moody algebra, is known to arise from a certain gauge fixing of 4-dimensional mixed topological-holomorphic Chern-Simons theory in the Hamiltonian framework. We show that the finite Gaudin model, associated with a finite-dimensional semisimple Lie algebra, or more generally the tamely ramified Hitchin system on an arbitrary Riemann surface, can likewise be obtained from a similar gauge fixing of 3-dimensional mixed BF theory in the Hamiltonian framework.
Socioeconomic Determinants of Breastfeeding Attitudes and Duration Among African American Women in Central North Carolina
Creators: name: Jordyn Carrier
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2021

description: Differences in breastfeeding by income and race/ethnicity are well-documented, but less research examines the effect of socioeconomic status on breastfeeding beliefs and practices among African-American women. This study analyzed the relationship between socioeconomic status and breastfeeding attitudes, intentions and duration among 428 African-American women living in central North Carolina enrolled in the Mothers and Others randomized controlled trial. Quantitative analysis was supplemented by interviews of African-American mothers of differing socio-economic statuses to contextualize this relationship.
Targeted sensitivity analysis from Dispersal and population connectivity are phenotype dependent in a marine metapopulation
Creators: name: Fobert, Emily K.
name: Treml, Eric A.
name: Swearer, Stephen E.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Larval dispersal is a key process determining population connectivity, metapopulation dynamics and community structure in benthic marine ecosystems, yet the biophysical complexity of dispersal is not well understood. In this study, we investigate the interaction between disperser phenotype and hydrodynamics on larval dispersal pathways, using a temperate reef fish species, Trachinops caudimaculatus. We assessed the influence of larval traits on depth distribution and dispersal outcomes by: (i) using 24-h depth-stratified ichthyoplankton sampling; (ii) quantifying individual phenotypes using larval growth histories extracted from the sagittal otoliths of individual larvae; and (iii) simulating potential dispersal outcomes based on the empirical distribution of larval phenotypes and an advanced biological-physical ocean model. We found T. caudimaculatus larvae were vertically stratified with respect to phenotype, with high-quality phenotypes found in the bottom two depth strata, and poor-quality phenotypes found primarily at the surface. Our model showed high- and average-quality larvae experienced significantly higher local retention (more than double) and self-recruitment, and travelled shorter distances relative to poor-quality larvae. As populations are only connected when dispersers survive long enough to reproduce, determining how larval phenotype influences dispersal outcomes will be important for improving our understanding of marine population connectivity and persistence.
Current cross-correlations in a quantum Hall collider at filling factor two
Creators: name: Idrisov, Edvin G.
name: Levkivskyi, Ivan P.
name: Sukhorukov, Eugene V.
name: Schmidt, Thomas L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use the non-equilibrium bosonization technique to study the effects of Coulomb interactions in mesoscopic electron colliders based on quantum Hall (QH) edge states at filing factor $ν= 2$. The current cross-correlations and Fano factor, which carry the information about the exclusion statistics, are calculated. It is shown that both these quantities have a non-analytical dependence on the source transparency, which scales as $\log(1/T_s)$ at small $T_s \ll 1$. This is the consequence of electron-electron interactions in the outgoing non-equilibrium states of the collider.
Hadron mass corrections in semi-inclusive deep-inelastic scattering
Creators: name: Guerrero, J. V.
name: Ethier, J. J.
name: Accardi, A.
name: Casper, S. W.
name: Melnitchouk, W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The spin-dependent cross sections for semi-inclusive lepton-nucleon scattering are derived in the framework of collinear factorization, including the effects of masses of the target and produced hadron at finite momentum transfer squared Q^2. At leading order the cross sections factorize into products of parton distribution and fragmentation functions evaluated in terms of new, mass-dependent scaling variables. The size of the hadron mass corrections is estimated at kinematics relevant for future semi-inclusive deep-inelastic scattering experiments.
description: 28 pages, 12 figures, published version
Altered connectivity of default mode and executive control networks among female patients with persistent post-concussion symptoms
Creators: name: Wong, Jimmy K. Y.
name: Churchill, Nathan W.
name: Graham, Simon J.
name: Baker, Andrew J.
name: Schweizer, Tom A.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: To examine the roles of the default mode network (DMN) and executive control network (ECN) in prolonged recovery after mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI), and relationships with indices of white matter microstructural injury. Seventeen mTBI patients with persistent symptoms were imaged an average of 21.5 months post-injury, along with 23 healthy controls. Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) was used to evaluate functional connectivity (FC) of the DMN and ECN. Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) quantified fractional anisotropy, along with mean, axial and radial diffusivity of white matter tracts. Compared to controls, patients with mTBI had increased functional connectivity of the DMN and ECN to brain regions implicated in salience and frontoparietal networks, and increased white matter diffusivity within the cerebrum and brainstem. Among the patients, FC was correlated with better neurocognitive test scores, while diffusivity was correlated with more severe self-reported symptoms. The FC and diffusivity values within abnormal brain regions were not significantly correlated. For female mTBI patients with prolonged symptoms, hyper-connectivity may represent a compensatory response that helps to mitigate the effects of mTBI on cognition. These effects are unrelated to indices of microstructural injury, which are correlated with symptom severity, suggesting that rs-fMRI and DTI may capture distinct aspects of pathophysiology.
Improved Calibration of Near-Infrared Spectra by Using Ensembles of Neural Network Models
Creators: name: Ukil, A.
name: Bernasconi, J.
name: Braendle, H.
name: Buijs, H.
name: Bonenfant, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: IR or near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy is a method used to identify a compound or to analyze the composition of a material. Calibration of NIR spectra refers to the use of the spectra as multivariate descriptors to predict concentrations of the constituents. To build a calibration model, state-of-the-art software predominantly uses linear regression techniques. For nonlinear calibration problems, neural network-based models have proved to be an interesting alternative. In this paper, we propose a novel extension of the conventional neural network-based approach, the use of an ensemble of neural network models. The individual neural networks are obtained by resampling the available training data with bootstrapping or cross-validation techniques. The results obtained for a realistic calibration example show that the ensemble-based approach produces a significantly more accurate and robust calibration model than conventional regression methods.
description: 7 pages
Towards Lighter-Weight Individual and Aggregate Awareness of Self and Distributed Programming Activities
Creators: name: Liu, Zhizhou
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2021

description: Awareness is often studied in a collaborative environment, but not so much in an educational environment. In a general setting, awareness is an abstraction of some set of activities with a set of actors performing the activities and a set of observers observing the activities. Depending on the set of actors and observers, awareness can be categorized into individual awareness, aggregate awareness, self-awareness, and distributed awareness. We can further categorize awareness, depending on the abstractions of the activities, into difficulty and solution awareness, individual history awareness, and aggregate history awareness. In comparison to the state-of-the-art tools for teaching programming, I have developed a toolkit that provides lighter-weight ways to support such awareness. The key insights behind this toolkit are in-place awareness and automation of the process of gathering and viewing information about various forms of supported awareness. To gather the information, the toolkit logs and/or combines a variety of actions from three streams—programming environment commands, JUnit test results, and Google searches and results. Both the instructors and the students can view, in-place, the history of the multi-stream activities within the programming environment. The IBM Cloud is used to transfer data between students and instructors. Based on data logged by the toolkit from an actual class, I was able to identify a student who spent an undue amount of time trying to pass some extra credit test cases that were not considered to have high pedagogical value.
(1019) Ann [Clayton]
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Leptogenesis from a feebly interacting dark matter sector
Creators: name: Chand, Suresh
name: Frank, Mariana
name: Poulose, Poulose
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We perform an analysis of leptogenesis in the context of a simple extension of the Standard Model by two fermions; one charged ($χ$) and one neutral ($ψ$), in addition to three right-handed neutrinos, $N_i$, interacting through a charged gauge singlet scalar $S$. The dark sector ($χ$, $ψ$ and $S$) interacts feebly and produces a relic density consistent with measurements. The decay of right-handed neutrinos into the charged scalar $S$ and lepton provides an additional source of CP asymmetry, along with contributing through the virtual exchange of $S$ in the standard decay channel. With this the out-of-equilibrium decay of right-handed neutrinos, combined with lepton number changing scattering processes can generate the required baryon asymmetry of the universe even for right-handed neutrino masses in 10 TeV region, without requiring neutrinos to have degenerate masses.
Commentary on “Trends and Racial Disparities for Acute Kidney Injury in Premature Infants: the US National Database”
Creators: name: Harer, M.W.
name: Starr, M.C.
name: Bignall, O.N.R., II
name: Sanderson, K.R.
Publisher: name: Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH
Year: 2021

description: In “Trends and racial disparities for acute kidney injury in premature infants: the US national database,” Dr. Elgendy and colleagues report that White preterm infants have significantly less acute kidney injury (AKI) than Black, Hispanic, or Native American infants. While this is a novel finding, unfortunately, the increased prevalence of AKI among Black infants is in line with several recent publications describing disparities in NICU care and outcomes.
Comparative effectiveness of cognitive behavioral treatment, serotonin, and serotonin noradrenaline reuptake inhibitors for anxiety in children and adolescents: a network meta-analysis
Creators: name: Arnardóttir, Alexandra
name: Skarphedinsson, Gudmundur
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Neuroscience
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Cognitive behavioral treatment (CBT) and selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are considered first-line treatments for childhood anxiety disorders (ADs). The objective of this current analysis was to conduct a network meta-analysis to evaluate the comparative effectiveness of CBT, pharmacotherapy, and the combination of the two in treating pediatric ADs. The studies included consisted of randomized controlled trials evaluating non-selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (e.g. clomipramine), SSRIs, selective noradrenaline reuptake inhibitors, CBT, or a combination of CBT and pharmacotherapy. Studies were eligible for inclusion if participants were 18 years or younger. A total of 86 studies were included, with a total of 7594 participants, of which 41.51% were females. For remission, all three treatments were significantly more effective than both placebo (ORs ranging from 0.07 and 0.18) and wait-list (ORs ranging from 0.06 and 0.16). In terms of the severity of anxiety symptoms, all treatment forms were significantly more effective for reducing anxiety than wait-list (standardized mean differences (SMDs) ranging from 0.98 and 2.91). Only pharmacotherapy was significantly more effective in reducing anxiety symptoms than placebo (SMD = 2.01, 95% confidence interval, 1.02 to 3.01). Overall, the results demonstrate that CBT, pharmacotherapy, and their combination are effective treatments for childhood ADs. There was no significant difference between the three treatment forms. However, CBT was associated with lower attrition rates. CBT, pharmacotherapy, and the combination of the two should all be considered to treat youths with ADs. However, potential risks and benefits should be considered before devising a treatment plan.
Supplementary results from Dispersal and population connectivity are phenotype dependent in a marine metapopulation.
Creators: name: Fobert, Emily K.
name: Treml, Eric A.
name: Swearer, Stephen E.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Larval dispersal is a key process determining population connectivity, metapopulation dynamics, and community structure in benthic marine ecosystems, yet the biophysical complexity of dispersal is not well understood. In this study, we investigate the interaction between disperser phenotype and hydrodynamics on larval dispersal pathways, using a temperate reef fish species, Trachinops caudimaculatus. We assessed the influence of larval traits on depth distribution and dispersal outcomes by: (i) using 24-h depth-stratified ichthyoplankton sampling, (ii) quantifying individual phenotypes using larval growth histories extracted from the sagittal otoliths of individual larvae, and (iii) simulating potential dispersal outcomes based on the empirical distribution of larval phenotypes and an advanced biological-physical ocean model. We found T. caudimaculatus larvae were vertically stratified with respect to phenotype, with high-quality phenotypes found in the bottom two depth strata, and poor-quality phenotypes found primarily at the surface. Our model showed high- and average-quality larvae experienced significantly higher local retention (more than double) and self-recruitment, and travelled shorter distances relative to poor-quality larvae. As populations are only connected when dispersers survive long enough to reproduce, determining how larval phenotype influences dispersal outcomes will be important for improving our understanding of marine population connectivity and persistence.
Enabling Aqueous Processing of Ni‐Rich Layered Oxide Cathode Materials by Addition of Lithium Sulfate
Creators: name: Heidbüchel, Marcel
name: Schultz, Thorsten
name: Placke, Tobias
name: Winter, Martin
name: Koch, Norbert
name: Schmuch, Richard
name: Gomez Martin, Aurora
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: aqueous processing
subject: cathode materials
subject: energy storage
subject: lithium-ion battery
subject: lithium sulfate
subject: 620 Ingenieurwissenschaften und zugeordnete Tätigkeiten

description: Aqueous processing of Ni-rich layered oxide cathode materials is a promising approach to simultaneously decrease electrode manufacturing costs, while bringing environmental benefits by substituting the state-of-the-art (often toxic and costly) organic processing solvents. However, an aqueous environment remains challenging due to the high reactivity of Ni-rich layered oxides towards moisture, leading to lithium leaching and Al current collector corrosion because of the resulting high pH value of the aqueous electrode paste. Herein, a facile method was developed to enable aqueous processing of LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2 (NCM811) by the addition of lithium sulfate (Li2SO4) during electrode paste dispersion. The aqueously processed electrodes retained 80 % of their initial capacity after 400 cycles in NCM811||graphite full cells, while electrodes processed without the addition of Li2SO4 reached 80 % of their capacity after only 200 cycles. Furthermore, with regard to electrochemical performance, aqueously processed electrodes using carbon-coated Al current collector outperformed reference electrodes based on state-of-the-art production processes involving N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone as processing solvent and fluorinated binders. The positive impact on cycle life by the addition of Li2SO4 stemmed from a formed sulfate coating as well as different surface species, protecting the NCM811 surface against degradation. Results reported herein open a new avenue for the processing of Ni-rich NCM electrodes using more sustainable aqueous routes.
(1014) Frederick Arnold Lees
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Feeder Load Balancing using Fuzzy Logic and Combinatorial Optimization-based Implementation
Creators: name: Ukil, A.
name: Siti, W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Other Computer Science (cs.OH)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The distribution system problems, such as planning, loss minimization, and energy restoration, usually involve the phase balancing or network reconfiguration procedures. The determination of an optimal phase balance is, in general, a combinatorial optimization problem. This paper proposes a novel reconfiguration of the phase balancing using the fuzzy logic and the combinatorial optimization-based implementation step back to back. Input to the fuzzy step is the total load per phase of the feeders. Output of the fuzzy step is the load change values, negative value for load releasing and positive value for load receiving. The output of the fuzzy step is the input to the load changing system. The load changing system uses combinatorial optimization techniques to translate the change values (kW) into number of load points and then selects the specific load points. It also performs the inter-changing of the load points between the releasing and the receiving phases in an optimal fashion. Application results using the distribution feeder network of South Africa are presented in this paper.
description: 11 pages
Association between Nephrotoxic Drug Combinations and Acute Kidney Injury in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit
Creators: name: Laughon, M.M.
name: Benjamin, D.K.
name: Gonzalez, D.
name: Liao, Y.
name: Sanderson, K.
name: Clark, R.H.
name: McKinzie, C.J.
name: Greenberg, R.G.
name: McCallister, A.
name: Jackson, W.
name: Salerno, S.N.
Publisher: name: Mosby Inc.
Year: 2021

description: Objective: To determine the incidence of acute kidney injury (AKI) in infants exposed to nephrotoxic drug combinations admitted to 268 neonatal intensive care units managed by the Pediatrix Medical Group. Study design: We included infants born at 22-36 weeks gestational age, ≤120 days postnatal age, exposed to nephrotoxic drug combinations, with serum creatinine measurements available, and discharged between 2007 and 2016. To identify risk factors associated with a serum creatinine definition of AKI based on the Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes criteria, we performed multivariable logistic and Cox regression adjusting for gestational age, sex, birth weight, postnatal age, race/ethnicity, sepsis, respiratory distress syndrome, baseline serum creatinine, and duration of combination drug exposure. The adjusted odds of AKI were determined relative to gentamicin + indomethacin for the following nephrotoxic drug combinations: chlorothiazide + ibuprofen; chlorothiazide + indomethacin; furosemide + gentamicin; furosemide + ibuprofen; furosemide + tobramycin; ibuprofen + spironolactone; and vancomycin + piperacillin-tazobactam. Results: Among 8286 included infants, 1384 (17%) experienced AKI. On multivariable analysis, sepsis, lower baseline creatinine, and duration of combination therapy were associated with increased odds of AKI. Furosemide + tobramycin and vancomycin + piperacillin-tazobactam were associated with a decreased risk of AKI relative to gentamicin + indomethacin in both the multivariable and Cox regression models. Conclusions: In this cohort, infants receiving longer durations of nephrotoxic combination therapy had an increased odds of developing AKI.
Infrared properties of five-point massive amplitudes in N=4 SYM on the Coulomb branch
Creators: name: Bork, L. V.
name: Muzhichkov, N. B.
name: Sozinov, E. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the structure of the five-point W boson scattering amplitude in N=4 SYM on the Coulomb branch in a small mass limit. We show that up to two loops the IR divergences exponentiate and are controlled by the $Γ_{oct}$ anomalous dimension similar to the four-point amplitude case considered recently in the literature. We also make a conjecture regarding the all-loop structure of the five-point amplitude
description: 29 pages, 7 figures v3: minor changes, typos corrected
Eculizumab exposure in children and young adults: indications, practice patterns, and outcomes—a Pediatric Nephrology Research Consortium study
Creators: name: Kiessling, S.G.
name: Hunley, T.E.
name: Ingraham, S.
name: Winnicki, E.
name: Wenderfer, S.E.
name: Mansuri, A.
name: Miyashita, Y.
name: Engen, R.M.
name: Tran, C.L.
name: Nester, C.M.
name: Kallash, M.
name: Seamon, M.
name: Zahr, R.S.
name: Xiao, N.
name: Srivastava, T.
name: Sherman, A.K.
name: Sharma, S.
name: Woroniecki, R.
name: Omoloja, A.A.
name: Sanderson, K.R.
name: Weaver, D.J.
name: Kizilbash, S.J.
name: Muff-Luett, M.
name: Yu, Y.
name: Cai, Y.
Publisher: name: Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH
Year: 2021

description: Background: Eculizumab is approved for the treatment of atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome (aHUS). Its use off-label is frequently reported. The aim of this study was to describe the broader use and outcomes of a cohort of pediatric patients exposed to eculizumab. Methods: A retrospective, cohort analysis was performed on the clinical and biomarker characteristics of eculizumab-exposed patients < 25 years of age seen across 21 centers of the Pediatric Nephrology Research Consortium. Patients were included if they received at least one dose of eculizumab between 2008 and 2015. Traditional summary statistics were applied to demographic and clinical data. Results: A total of 152 patients were identified, mean age 9.1 (+/−6.8) years. Eculizumab was used “off-label” in 44% of cases. The most common diagnoses were aHUS (47.4%), Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli HUS (12%), unspecified thrombotic microangiopathies (9%), and glomerulonephritis (9%). Genetic testing was available for 60% of patients; 20% had gene variants. Dosing regimens were variable. Kidney outcomes tended to vary according to diagnosis. Infectious adverse events were the most common adverse event (33.5%). No cases of meningitis were reported. Nine patients died of noninfectious causes while on therapy. Conclusions: This multi-center retrospective cohort analysis indicates that a significant number of children and young adults are being exposed to C5 blockade for off-label indications. Dosing schedules were highly variable, limiting outcome conclusions. Attributable adverse events appeared to be low. Cohort mortality (6.6%) was not insignificant. Prospective studies in homogenous disease cohorts are needed to support the role of C5 blockade in kidney outcomes.
Association of ADHD symptoms in adolescence and mortality in Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1986
Creators: name: Mustonen, Antti
name: Alakokkare, Anni-Emilia
name: Scott, James G.
name: Halt, Anu-Helmi
name: Vuori, Miika
name: Hurtig, Tuula
name: Rodriguez, Alina
name: Miettunen, Jouko
name: Niemelä, Solja
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Diagnosis of attention deficit hyperactive disorder (ADHD) has been associated with increased risk of mortality in large register samples. However, there is less known about the association between symptoms of ADHD in adolescents and risk of mortality in general population samples. The Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1986 (n = 9432 at recruitment in early pregnancy) linked to nationwide register data for deaths was utilized to study the association between parent-rated ADHD symptoms assessed using Strengths and Weaknesses of ADHD symptoms and Normal Behaviors (SWAN) questionnaire and mortality until age 33 years. Cox-regression analysis with hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) was used to study the association between SWAN inattentive, hyperactive, and combined symptom scores and risk of death. Sixty-three (0.9%) of the 6685 participants died during the follow-up. Higher SWAN inattentive (crude HR = 2.30, 95% CI 1.46–3.63), SWAN hyperactive (crude HR = 2.43, 95% CI 1.29–4.56), and SWAN combined (crude HR = 2.69, 95% CI 1.57–4.61) scores were associated with increased risk of death. After adjustments for sex, family structure, and lifetime parental psychiatric disorder, these associations persisted. Further adjustment for frequent alcohol intoxication, cannabis, and other substance use in adolescence attenuated these to below statistical significance. These results extend previous findings on the risk of mortality in adolescents who have symptoms of ADHD. Further research with larger samples are needed to determine whether the association between ADHD symptoms and mortality is independent of adolescent substance use.
Finite temperature mechanical instability in disordered lattices
Creators: name: Zhang, Leyou
name: Mao, Xiaoming
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Mechanical instability takes different forms in various ordered and disordered systems. We study the effect of thermal fluctuations in two disordered central-force lattice models near mechanical instability: randomly diluted triangular lattice and randomly braced square lattice. These two lattices exhibit different scalings for the emergence of rigidity at $T=0$ due to their different patterns of self stress at the transition. Using analytic theory we show that thermal fluctuations stabilize both lattices. In particular, the triangular lattice displays a critical regime in which the shear modulus scales as $G \sim T^{1/2}$, whereas the square lattice shows $G \sim T^{2/3}$.
description: 8 pages, 3 figures
Effects of hadronic rescattering on multistrange hadrons in high-energy nuclear collisions
Creators: name: Takeuchi, Shiori
name: Murase, Koichi
name: Hirano, Tetsufumi
name: Huovinen, Pasi
name: Nara, Yasushi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the effects of hadronic rescattering on hadron distributions in high-energy nuclear collisions by using an integrated dynamical approach. This approach is based on a hybrid model combining (3+1)-dimensional ideal hydrodynamics for the quark gluon plasma (QGP), and a transport model for the hadron resonance gas. Since the hadron distributions are the result of the entire expansion history of the system, understanding the QGP properties requires investigating how rescattering during the hadronic stage affects the final distributions of hadrons. We include multistrange hadrons in our study, and quantify the effects of hadronic rescattering on their mean transverse momenta and elliptic flow. We find that multistrange hadrons scatter less during the hadronic stage than nonstrange particles, and thus their distributions reflect the properties of the system in an earlier stage than the distributions of nonstrange particles.
description: 14 pages, 9 figures, v2: published version, title is changed
Protocol for generating an arbitrary quantum state of the magnetization in cavity magnonics
Creators: name: Sharma, Sanchar
name: Bittencourt, Victor A. S. V.
name: Kusminskiy, Silvia Viola
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose and numerically evaluate a protocol to generate an arbitrary quantum state of the magnetization in a magnet. The protocol involves repeatedly exciting a frequency-tunable superconducting transmon and transferring the excitations to the magnet via a microwave cavity. To avoid decay, the protocol must be much shorter than magnon lifetime. Speeding up the protocol by simply shortening the pulses leads to non-resonant leakage of excitations to higher levels of the transmon accompanied by higher decoherence. We discuss how to correct for such leakages by applying counter pulses to de-excite these higher levels. In our protocol, states with a maximum magnon occupation of up to $\sim9$ and average magnon number up to $\sim4$ can be generated with fidelity $>0.75$.
Abrupt Change Detection in Power System Fault Analysis using Adaptive Whitening Filter and Wavelet Transform
Creators: name: Ukil, A.
name: Zivanovic, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science (cs.CE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper describes the application of the adaptive whitening filter and the wavelet transform used to detect the abrupt changes in the signals recorded during disturbances in the electrical power network in South Africa. Main focus has been to estimate exactly the time-instants of the changes in the signal model parameters during the pre-fault condition and following events like initiation of fault, circuit-breaker opening, auto-reclosure of the circuit-breakers. The key idea is to decompose the fault signals, de-noised using the adaptive whitening filter, into effective detailed and smoothed version using the multiresolution signal decomposition technique based on discrete wavelet transform. Then we apply the threshold method on the decomposed signals to estimate the change time-instants, segmenting the fault signals into the event-specific sections for further signal processing and analysis. This paper presents application on the recorded signals in the power transmission network of South Africa.
description: 9 pages in final print
Finite temperature corrections to black hole quasinormal modes from 2D CFT
Creators: name: Pal, Sanchari
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We revisit the holographic calculation of the decay modes of the BTZ blackhole perturbed by a scalar probe. We carry out a finite temperature expansion of the torus two point function of large central charge $(c)$ CFTs in order to obtain the corrections to blackhole quasinormal modes. We take the contribution of the lightest primary above the vacuum, with dimension $Δ_χ$ and upper bound of $c/6$, in the torus two point function. We exploit the modular properties of 2D CFT on the torus to connect the expression of thermal two point function at high temperature with the same at low temperature. The correction term can be expressed as a four point function on the Riemann sphere. In the dual bulk theory the corrections are expected to arise due to the presence of a light matter field in the spacetime along with gravity. In the holographic limit the effects of this correction term is encoded in the change in blackhole temperature. This leads to new quasinormal modes and modification of thermalization time scale.
(1015) Mary Eleanor Lees
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Angular momentum loss in gravitational scattering, radiation reaction, and the Bondi gauge ambiguity
Creators: name: Veneziano, Gabriele
name: Vilkovisky, Gregory A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently, Damour computed the radiation reaction on gravitational scattering as the (linear) response to the angular momentum loss which he found to be of ${\cal O}(G^2)$ in the gravitational constant. This is a puzzle because any amplitude calculation would produce both energy and angular momentum losses starting only at ${\cal O}(G^3)$. Another puzzle is that the resultant radiation reaction, of ${\cal O}(G^3)$, is nevertheless correct and confirmed by a number of direct calculations. We ascribe these puzzles to the BMS ambiguity in defining angular momentum. The loss of angular momentum is to be counted out from the ADM value and, therefore, should be calculated in the so-called canonical gauge under the BMS transformations in which the remote-past limit of the Bondi angular momentum coincides with the ADM angular momentum. This calculation correctly gives the ${\cal O}(G^3)$ loss. On the other hand, we introduce a gauge in which the Bondi light cones tend asymptotically to those emanating from the center of mass world line. We find that the angular momentum flux in this gauge is precisely the one used by Damour for his radiation reaction result. We call this new gauge "intrinsic" and argue that, although the correct angular momentum flux is to be computed in the canonical gauge, any mechanical calculation of gauge-dependent quantities -- such as angular momentum -- gives the result in the intrinsic gauge. Therefore, it is this gauge that should be used in the linear response formula. This solves the puzzles and establishes the correspondence between the intrinsic mechanical calculations and the Bondi formalism.
description: 13 pages, added explanations and references. Version accepted for publication (Phys. Lett. B)
Perspektif Masa Depan Pentingnya Hidrogeologi dalam Penataan Wilayah dan Kota secara Berkelanjutan di Indonesia
Creators: name: Puradimaja, Deny Juanda
name: Ulfa, Yuniarti
name: Irawan, Dasapta Erwin
name: Prabowo, Roishe Miyafto
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: regional planning
hydrogeology
penataan wilayah
hidrogeologi

description: Salindia ini dipresentasikan dalam acara Seminar Daring Geologi ITB Menyapa. Waktu: Sabtu, 4 Juli 2020, 13-15 Presenter: Prof. Deny Juanda Puradimaja
Model details from Sex roles and the evolution of parental care specialization.
Creators: name: Henshaw, Jonathan M.
name: Fromhage, Lutz
name: Jones, Adam G.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 60102 Bioinformatics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 60801 Animal Behaviour
subject: 10202 Biological Mathematics
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Details of the mathematical model, including the case of shared parentage
Structure and dielectric dispersion in cubic-like 0.5K0.5Na0.5NbO3- 0.5Na0.5Bi0.5TiO3 ceramic
Creators: name: Liu, Laijun
name: Knapp, Michael
name: Schmitt, Ljubomira Ana
name: Ehrenberg, Helmut
name: Fang, Liang
name: Fuess, Hartmut
name: Hoelzel, Markus
name: Hinterstein, Manuel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The nature of the cubic-like state in the lead-free piezoelectric ceramics 0.5K0.5Na0.5NbO3-0.5Na0.5Bi0.5TiO3 (KNN-50BNT) has been examined in detail by synchrotron x-ray diffraction (SD), selected area electron diffraction (SAED), neutron diffraction (ND), and temperature dependent dielectric characterization. The SD pattern of KNN-50BNT presents a pure perovskite structure with pseudocubic symmetry. However, superlattice reflections were observed by SAED and completely indexed by tetragonal symmetry with P4bm space group in ND pattern. The relaxor behavior of KNN-50BNT is compared with Pb-based and Ba-based relaxors and discussed in the framework of the Vogel-Fulcher law and the new glass model. The KNN-50BNT ceramic exhibits the strongest dielectric dispersion among them.
description: 20 pages, 4 figures, 3 tables
(1016) Mary Esther Bannister
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Renal replacement therapies for infants and children in the ICU
Creators: name: Sanderson, K.R.
name: Harshman, L.A.
Publisher: name: NLM (Medline)
Year: 2020

description: PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Pediatric acute kidney injury (AKI) in critically ill patients is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Emerging data support that the incidence of pediatric AKI in the ICU is rising. For children with severe AKI, renal replacement therapy (RRT) can provide a lifesaving supportive therapy. The optimal timing to deliver and modality by which to deliver RRT remain a point of discussion within pediatric (and adult) literature. This review discusses the use of RRT for pediatric patients in the ICU. We discuss the most recent evidence-based methods for RRT with a focus on continuous RRT. RECENT FINDINGS: The feasibility of dialyzing the smallest infants and more medically complex children in the ICU is dependent on the advancements in dialysis access and circuit technology. At present, data indicate that upward of 27% of children in the ICU develop AKI and 6% require RRT. Newer dialysis modalities including prolonged intermittent hemodialysis and continuous flow peritoneal dialysis as well as newer dialysis technologies such as the smaller volume circuits (e.g., Cardio-Renal Pediatric Dialysis Emergency Machine, Newcastle Infant Dialysis and Ultrafiltration System) have made the provision of dialysis safer and more effective for pediatric patients of a variety of sizes. SUMMARY: Renal replacement in the ICU requires a multidisciplinary team approach that is facilitated by a pediatric nephrologist in conjunction with intensivists and skilled nursing staff. Although mortality rates for children on dialysis remain high, outcomes are improving with the support of the multidisciplinary team and dialysis technology advancements.