cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: Neoliberalism and conservationism's failure to stop deforestation
Creators: name: Szumski, Jack William
Year: 2022

description: Die zunehmende Relevanz von Entwaldung und die Rolle, die sie für den globalen Klimawandel spielt, verlangt nach einer stärkeren Auseinandersetzung mit und vor allem einer kritischen Betrachtung von bisherigen Beiträgen zu diesem Verhältnis. Diese Arbeit nutzt die Diskursanalyse und das Konzept der „commons“/des „Gemeinguts“ um ein besseres Verständnis für die Geschichte von Landnutzung, Umweltzerstörung und Bemühungen gegen die Entwaldung im brasilianischen Amazonas Regenwald zu entwickeln. In Brasilien haben vor allem der Staat und das Militär einen großen Einfluss auf die nationale Debatte um Umweltschutz und Landnutzung traditioneller Gruppen, inklusive indigener Gruppen. Indes hat sich die internationale Debatte auf die Nutzung, Ausbeutung, und den Schutz der Ressourcen des Amazonas und seiner wirtschaftlichen Entwicklung fokussiert. Beide Diskurse sind oftmals eng miteinander verwoben und haben dazu beigetragen, dass entgegengesetzte Bemühungen der Amazonas Gemeinden, ihr Land, ihre Kultur und ihre Lebensart zu schützen, konterkariert wurden. Nur wenn die dominanten Diskurse rund um die Nutzung des Amazonas durchbrochen werden, kann es gelingen ein Verständnis für die über die Zeit entmachteten Landnutzungssysteme und ihrer wissenschaftlich nachgewiesenen Effektivität in der Limitierung von Entwaldung, zu entwickeln.
description: The increasing relevance of deforestation and its role in global climate change demands that we continue to revisit this topic and problematize previous attempts to address the issue. This paper utilizes discourse analysis and a framework informed by the concept of the “commons” to understand the history of land use, environmental degradation, and efforts to curb deforestation in the Brazilian Amazon. Within Brazil, the state and the military have had a large impact on national discourse around environmentalism and traditional land managing communities, including indigenous peoples. Meanwhile, international discourse has focused on the Amazon’s resources (both their exploitation and protection) and economic development. The combined force of these two often inter-connected discursive realms has greatly impeded the effectiveness of counter-hegemonic movements within Amazonian communities to protect their land, culture, and way of life. Only by removing the discourses around management of the Amazon from their power structures are we able to understand historically disempowered land management systems and embrace their empirically proven effectiveness in limiting deforestation.
Arsenicals in maternal and fetal mouse tissues after gestational exposure to arsenite
Creators: name: Waalkes, Michael P.
name: Diwan, Bhalchandra A.
name: Adair, Blakely M.
name: Thomas, David J.
name: Styblo, Miroslav
name: Liu, Jie
name: Devesa, Vicenta
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2006

description: Exposure of pregnant C3H/HeNCR mice to 42.5- or 85-ppm of arsenic as sodium arsenite in drinking water between days 8 and 18 of gestation markedly increases tumor incidence in their offspring. In the work reported here, distribution of inorganic arsenic and its metabolites, methyl arsenic and dimethyl arsenic, were determined in maternal and fetal tissues collected on gestational day 18 of these exposure regimens. Tissues were collected from three females and from associated fetuses exposed to each dosage level. Concentrations of total speciated arsenic (sum of inorganic, methyl, and dimethyl arsenic) were higher in maternal tissues than in placenta and fetal tissues; total speciated arsenic concentration in placenta exceeded those in fetal tissues. Significant dosage-dependent (42.5 ppm versus 85 ppm of arsenite in drinking water) differences were found in total speciated arsenic concentrations in maternal lung (p < 0.01) and liver (p < 0.001). Total speciated arsenic concentrations did not differ significantly between dosage levels for maternal blood or for fetal lung, liver, and blood, or for placenta. Percentages of inorganic, methyl, or dimethyl arsenic in maternal or fetal tissues were not dosage-dependent. Over the range of total speciated arsenic concentrations in most maternal and fetal tissues, dimethyl arsenic was the most abundant arsenical. However, in maternal liver at the highest total speciated arsenic concentration, inorganic arsenic was the most abundant arsenical, suggesting that a high tissue burden of arsenic affected formation or retention of methylated species in this organ. Tissue concentration-dependent processes could affect kinetics of transfer of inorganic arsenic or its metabolites from mother to fetus.
Cosmic Four-Fermion Neutrino Secret Interactions, Enhancement and Total Cross Section
Creators: name: Carcamo, Dante
name: Das, Ashok K.
name: Gamboa, Jorge
name: Mendez, Fernando
name: Polychronakos, Alexios P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The scattering of neutrinos assuming a "secret" interaction at low energy is considered. To leading order in energy, the two-body potential is a $δ$-potential, and it is used as a motivation to study generic short-range elastic interactions between neutrinos. The scattering cross section and Sommerfeld enhancement depend on two phenomenological parameters deriving from the exact form of the potential, akin to "renormalized" coupling constants. Repulsive potentials lead to a decrease in the total cross section, resulting in an enhancement of the neutrino density. For attractive potentials of the right form, substantial Sommerfeld enhancement can appear.
description: This paper supersedes the earlier version of our paper. Extensive revision of the earlier material with two new sections incorporating a general discussion of short-range potentials as well as an appendix are included and the title is changed to match with the version to appear in PRD
title: La pédagogie des contacts comme facteur de motivation dans l'apprentissage de l'allemand au cycle 2
title: La pédagogie des contacts comme facteur de motivation dans l'apprentissage de l'allemand au cycle 2
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Hauser, Julia
name: Heiniger, Emilie
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 0
Subjects: subject: apprentissage de l’allemand
subject: motivation
subject: dynamique motivationnelle
subject: perceptions
subject: pédagogie des contacts
subject: situations authentiques

description: Notre recherche action, axée autour de la notion de motivation dans l’apprentissage de l’allemand, s’est déroulée dans une classe de 8H. La séquence mise en oeuvre a été construite autour de la pédagogie des contacts. Cette dernière englobe toutes les formes de contacts, qu’ils soient directs ou différés dans le temps, avec des pairs issu-e-s d’une culture et d’une langue étrangère (Hutterli et al., 2012). Nous avons émis l’hypothèse que la mise en place d’un projet d’échange avec une classe germanophone allait avoir des effets positifs sur la motivation des élèves dans l’apprentissage de la langue allemande. Deux tâches ont été réalisées en classe : un échange de lettres et un échange d’e-mails avec un-e correspondant-e. Nous avons soumis une série de questionnaires aux élèves dans le but d’évaluer leur motivation au fil de la séquence. Nous avons construit ces questionnaires sur la base du modèle de la dynamique motivationnelle (Viau, 1997). Ce modèle est dynamique dans le sens où ses huit composantes interagissent et génèrent, ou non, de la motivation chez l’élève. Nous nous sommes focalisées plus exactement sur les trois déterminants de la motivation relatifs à l’élève : la perception de la valeur de l’activité, la perception de la compétence et la perception de la contrôlabilité. En ce qui concerne l’ensemble de la classe, les résultats obtenus confirment notre hypothèse. En effet, nous constatons une augmentation globale de la motivation dans la classe puisque les trois perceptions ont été appréciées positivement. Quant aux élèves prises et pris isolément, nous relevons que le projet d’échange n’a pas eu d’impacts sur leur motivation. Néanmoins, certaines perceptions ont été évaluées de manière positive au terme de la séquence. Nous pensons ainsi qu’un projet d’échange mené à plus long terme pourrait générer de la motivation.
Impact of life stage and duration of exposure on arsenic-induced proliferative lesions and neoplasia in C3H mice
Creators: name: Diwan, Bhalchandra A.
name: Waalkes, Michael P.
name: Grindstaff, Rachel D.
name: Ahlborn, Gene J.
name: Kitchin, Kirk T.
name: Hernandez-Zavala, Araceli
name: Delker, Don A.
name: Adair, Blakely
name: Preston, R. Julian
name: Allen, James W.
name: Nelson, Gail M.
name: Thomas, David J.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: Epidemiological studies suggest that chronic exposure to inorganic arsenic is associated with cancer of the skin, urinary bladder and lung as well as the kidney and liver. Previous experimental studies have demonstrated increased incidence of liver, lung, ovary, and uterine tumors in mice exposed to 85 ppm (∼8 mg/kg) inorganic arsenic during gestation. To further characterize age susceptibility to arsenic carcinogenesis we administered 85 ppm inorganic arsenic in drinking water to C3H mice during gestation, prior to pubescence and post-pubescence to compare proliferative lesion and tumor outcomes over a one-year exposure period. Inorganic arsenic significantly increased the incidence of hyperplasia in urinary bladder (48%) and oviduct (36%) in female mice exposed prior to pubescence (beginning on postnatal day 21 and extending through one year) compared to control mice (19 and 5%, respectively). Arsenic also increased the incidence of hyperplasia in urinary bladder (28%) of female mice continuously exposed to arsenic (beginning on gestation day 8 and extending though one year) compared to gestation only exposed mice (0%). In contrast, inorganic arsenic significantly decreased the incidence of tumors in liver (0%) and adrenal glands (0%) of male mice continuously exposed from gestation through one year, as compared to levels in control (30 and 65%, respectively) and gestation only (33 and 55%, respectively) exposed mice. Together, these results suggest that continuous inorganic arsenic exposure at 85 ppm from gestation through one year increases the incidence and severity of urogenital proliferative lesions in female mice and decreases the incidence of liver and adrenal tumors in male mice. The paradoxical nature of these effects may be related to altered lipid metabolism, the effective dose in each target organ, and/or the shorter one-year observational period.
title: Volkssprachliche Literatur zwischen Buchdruck und Humanismus
Creators: name: Loidl, Stephanie
Year: 2022

description: Diese Arbeit fragt nach dem Verhältnis von Buchdruck und Humanismus zur volkssprachlichen Wissensbildung im süddeutschen Raum am Beispiel der Übersetzungen von Giovanni Boccaccios De claris mulieribus durch Heinrich Steinhöwel. Untersucht werden die Druckwerke von 1474 und 1541 auf ihren Inhalt, die Charaktereigenschaften der vorkommenden Charaktere und welche Veränderungen zwischen den beiden Drucken liegen. Da der Buchdruck wesentlich von Handschriften und vom Holzschnitt beeinflusst wurde, werden auch jene Arten der Kommunikation behandelt. Ebenso wird das Rezipieren in Form von Vorlesen und Hören behandelt, da dies eine wesentliche Methode der Wissensverbreitung war. Da der Humanismus seine Wurzeln im universitären Umfeld hat, werden zuerst die deutschen Universitäten und deren Beeinflussung durch den Humanismus behandelt, bevor näher auf die deutsche humanistische Übersetzungsliteratur am Beispiel von Heinrich Steinhöwel eingegangen wird. Die deutschen Ausgaben von De claris mulieribus werden schließlich auf deren Themenfelder und Charaktere hin analysiert und anhand von sechs Beispielen tiefergehend erschlossen.
Developmental triclosan exposure decreases maternal, fetal, and early neonatal thyroxine: A dynamic and kinetic evaluation of a putative mode-of-action
Creators: name: Bansal, Ruby
name: Zoeller, R. Thomas
name: DeVito, Michael J.
name: Crofton, Kevin M.
name: Hedge, Joan M.
name: Paul, Katie B.
name: Peter, Robert
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: This work tests the mode-of-action (MOA) hypothesis that maternal and developmental triclosan (TCS) exposure decreases circulating thyroxine (T4) concentrations via up-regulation of hepatic catabolism and elimination of T4. Time-pregnant Long-Evans rats received TCS po (0–300 mg/kg/day) from gestational day (GD) 6 through postnatal day (PND) 21. Serum and liver were collected from dams (GD20, PND22) and offspring (GD20, PND4, PND14, PND21). Serum T4, triiodothyronine (T3), and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) concentrations were measured by radioimmunoassay. Ethoxy-O-deethylase (EROD), pentoxyresorufin-O-depentylase (PROD) and uridine diphosphate glucuronyltransferase (UGT) enzyme activities were measured in liver microsomes. Custom Taqman® qPCR arrays were employed to measure hepatic mRNA expression of select cytochrome P450s, UGTs, sulfotransferases, transporters, and thyroid-hormone responsive genes. TCS was quantified by LC/MS/MS in serum and liver. Serum T4 decreased approximately 30% in GD20 dams and fetuses, PND4 pups and PND22 dams (300 mg/kg/day). Hepatic PROD activity increased 2- to 3-fold in PND4 pups and PND22 dams, and UGT activity was 1.5-fold higher in PND22 dams only (300 mg/kg/day). Minor up-regulation of Cyp2b and Cyp3a expression in dams was consistent with hypothesized activation of the constitutive androstane and/or pregnane X receptor. T4 reductions of 30% for dams and GD20 and PND4 offspring with concomitant increases in PROD (PND4 neonates and PND22 dams) and UGT activity (PND22 dams) suggest that up-regulated hepatic catabolism may contribute to TCS–induced hypothyroxinemia during development. Serum and liver TCS concentrations demonstrated greater fetal than postnatal internal exposure, consistent with the lack of T4 changes in PND14 and PND21 offspring. These data support the MOA hypothesis that TCS exposure leads to hypothyroxinemia via increased hepatic catabolism; however, the minor effects on thyroid hormone metabolism may reflect the low efficacy of TCS as thyroid hormone disruptor or highlight the possibility that other MOAs may also contribute to the observed maternal and early neonatal hypothyroxinemia.
Extrinsic Diophantine approximation on manifolds and fractals
Creators: name: Fishman, Lior
name: Simmons, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Fix $d\in\mathbb N$, and let $S\subseteq\mathbb R^d$ be either a real-analytic manifold or the limit set of an iterated function system (for example, $S$ could be the Cantor set or the von Koch snowflake). An $extrinsic$ Diophantine approximation to a point $\mathbf x\in S$ is a rational point $\mathbf p/q$ close to $\mathbf x$ which lies $outside$ of $S$. These approximations correspond to a question asked by K. Mahler ('84) regarding the Cantor set. Our main result is an extrinsic analogue of Dirichlet's theorem. Specifically, we prove that if $S$ does not contain a line segment, then for every $\mathbf x\in S\setminus\mathbb Q^d$, there exists $C > 0$ such that infinitely many vectors $\mathbf p/q\in \mathbb Q^d\setminus S$ satisfy $\|\mathbf x - \mathbf p/q\| < C/q^{(d + 1)/d}$. As this formula agrees with Dirichlet's theorem in $\mathbb R^d$ up to a multiplicative constant, one concludes that the set of rational approximants to points in $S$ which lie outside of $S$ is large. Furthermore, we deduce extrinsic analogues of the Jarník--Schmidt and Khinchin theorems from known results.
Additional file 4 of Unraveling implementation context: the Basel Approach for coNtextual ANAlysis (BANANA) in implementation science and its application in the SMILe project
Creators: name: Mielke, Juliane
name: Leppla, Lynn
name: Valenta, Sabine
name: Zullig, Leah L.
name: Zúñiga, Franziska
name: Staudacher, Sandra
name: Teynor, Alexandra
name: De Geest, Sabina
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 4. Overview of variables assessed and themes explored in the SMILe project.
Metabolism and toxicity of arsenic in human urothelial cells expressing rat arsenic (+3 oxidation state)-methyltransferase
Creators: name: DROBNA, Z
name: WATERS, S
name: HARMON, A
name: STYBLO, M
name: DEVESA, V
name: THOMAS, D
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2005

description: The enzymatic methylation of inorganic As (iAs) is catalyzed by As(+3 oxidation state)-methyltransferase (AS3MT). AS3MT is expressed in rat liver and in human hepatocytes. However, AS3MT is not expressed in UROtsa, human urothelial cells that do not methylate iAs. Thus, UROtsa cells are an ideal null background in which the role of iAs methylation in modulation of toxic and cancer-promoting effects of this metalloid can be examined. A retroviral gene delivery system was used in this study to create a clonal UROtsa cell line (UROtsa/F35) that expresses rat AS3MT. Here, we characterize the metabolism and cytotoxicity of arsenite (iAsIII) and methylated trivalent arsenicals in parental cells and clonal cells expressing AS3MT. In contrast to parental cells, UROtsa/F35 cells effectively methylated iAsIII, yielding methylarsenic (MAs) and dimethylarsenic (DMAs) containing either AsIII or AsV. When exposed to MAsIII, UROtsa/F35 cells produced DMAsIII and DMAsV. MAsIII and DMAsIII were more cytotoxic than iAsIII in UROtsa and UROtsa/F35 cells. The greater cytotoxicity of MAsIII or DMAsIII than of iAsIII was associated with greater cellular uptake and retention of each methylated trivalent arsenical. Notably, UROtsa/F35 cells were more sensitive than parental cells to the cytotoxic effects of iAsIII but were more resistant to cytotoxicity of MAsIII. The increased sensitivity of UROtsa/F35 cells to iAsIII was associated with inhibition of DMAs production and intracellular accumulation of MAs. The resistance of UROtsa/F35 cells to moderate concentrations of MAsIII was linked to its rapid conversion to DMAs and efflux of DMAs. However, concentrations of MAsIII that inhibited DMAs production by UROtsa/F35 cells were equally toxic for parental and clonal cell lines. Thus, the production and accumulation of MAsIII is a key factor contributing to the toxicity of acute iAs exposures in methylating cells.
The impact of TROP-2 expression on the survival of patients with gastrointestinal tumors.
Creators: name: Frountzas, Maximos
Publisher: name: OSF Registries
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine and Health Sciences

description: Trophoblast cell‐surface antigen 2 (TROP-2) is a transmembrane glycoprotein expressed in epithelial cells, that has been associated to malignant progression in most carcinomas. Accordingly, the genetic complexity of gastrointestinal tumors necessitates the investigation of new biomarkers with potential prognostic value. The aim of this systematic review is to assess the effect of TROP-2 on the overall survival of patients who underwent surgery for gastrointestinal malignancy.
Tissue dosimetry, metabolism and excretion of pentavalent and trivalent monomethylated arsenic in mice after oral administration
Creators: name: Hughes, Michael F.
name: Adair, Blakely M.
name: Kenyon, Elaina M.
name: Styblo, Miroslav
name: Devesa, Vicenta
name: Thomas, David J.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2005

description: Exposure to monomethylarsonic acid (MMA(V)) and monomethylarsonous acid (MMA(III)) can result from their formation as metabolites of inorganic arsenic and by the use of the sodium salts of MMA(V) as herbicides. This study compared the disposition of MMA(V) and MMA(III) in adult female B6C3F1 mice. Mice were gavaged po with MMA(V), either unlabeled or labeled with 14C at two dose levels (0.4 or 40 mg As/kg). Other mice were dosed po with unlabeled MMA(III) at one dose level (0.4 mg As/kg). Mice were housed in metabolism cages for collection of excreta and sacrificed serially over 24 h for collection of tissues. MMA(V)-derived radioactivity was rapidly absorbed, distributed and excreted. By 8 h post-exposure, 80% of both doses of MMA(V) were eliminated in urine and feces. Absorption of MMA(V) was dose dependent; that is, there was less than a 100-fold difference between the two dose levels in the area under the curves for the concentration-time profiles of arsenic in blood and major organs. In addition, urinary excretion of MMA(V)-derived radioactivity in the low dose group was significantly greater (P < 0.05) than in the high dose group. Conversely, fecal excretion of MMA(V)-derived radioactivity was significantly greater (P < 0.05) in the high dose group than in the low dose group. Speciation of arsenic by hydride generation-atomic absorption spectrometry in urine and tissues of mice administered MMA(V) or MMA(III) found that methylation of MMA(V) was limited while the methylation of MMA(III) was extensive. Less than 10% of the dose excreted in urine of MMA(V)-treated mice was in the form of methylated products, whereas it was greater than 90% for MMA(III)-treated mice. In MMA(V)-treated mice, 25% or less of the tissue arsenic was in the form of dimethylarsenic, whereas in MMA(III)-treated mice, 75% or more of the tissue arsenic was in the form of dimethylarsenic. Based on urinary analysis, administered dose of MMA(V) did not affect the level of its metabolites excreted. In the tested range, dose affects the absorption, distribution and route of excretion of MMA(V) but not its metabolism.
Hormone Receptor Expression in Meningiomas: a Systematic Review
Creators: name: Mikaël AGOPIANTZ
name: GAUCHOTTE, Guillaume
name: Denis, Constance
name: CARNOT, Mélanie
name: MARTIN, Elena
Publisher: name: OSF Registries
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: androgen
subject: estrogen
subject: hormone receptors
subject: meningioma
subject: progesterone
subject: recurrence

description: Meningiomas are in most of cases low grade intracranial tumors. However, relapses are frequent. To date, only few prognostic markers are described in the literature. Several studies have discussed the expression of progesterone, estrogen and androgen receptors. The utility of analyzing these expressions for prognostic, theragnostic, and therapeutic purposes remains unclear. The aim of this study was to report the expression of these receptors, basing on immunohistochemistry. Cochrane Collaboration guidelines and PRISMA statements were followed. We did an online search in PubMed using the MeSH database. References were selected if they investigated from 1990 to 2022. 54 references were included.
Examination of the effects of arsenic on glucose homeostasis in cell culture and animal studies: Development of a mouse model for arsenic-induced diabetes
Creators: name: Adair, Blakely M.
name: Stýblo, Miroslav
name: Hernández-Zavala, Araceli
name: Dědina, Jiří
name: Walton, Felecia S.
name: Matoušek, Tomáš
name: Paul, David S.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2007

description: Previous epidemiologic studies found increased prevalences of type 2 diabetes mellitus in populations exposed to high levels of inorganic arsenic (iAs) in drinking water. Although results of epidemiologic studies in low-exposure areas or occupational settings have been inconclusive, laboratory research has shown that exposures to iAs can produce effects that are consistent with type 2 diabetes. The current paper reviews the results of laboratory studies that examined the effects of iAs on glucose metabolism and describes new experiments in which the diabetogenic effects of iAs exposure were reproduced in a mouse model. Here, weanling male C57BL/6 mice drank deionized water with or without the addition of arsenite (25 or 50 ppm As) for 8 weeks. Intraperitoneal glucose tolerance tests revealed impaired glucose tolerance in mice exposed to 50 ppm As, but not to 25 ppm As. Exposure to 25 and 50 ppm As in drinking-water resulted in proportional increases in the concentration of iAs and its metabolites in the liver and in organs targeted by type 2 diabetes, including pancreas, skeletal muscle and adipose tissue. Dimethylarsenic was the predominant form of As in the tissues of mice in both 25 and 50 ppm groups. Notably, the average concentration of total speciated arsenic in livers from mice in the 50 ppm group was comparable to the highest concentration of total arsenic reported in the livers of Bangladeshi residents who had consumed water with an order of magnitude lower level of iAs. These data suggest that mice are less susceptible than humans to the diabetogenic effects of chronic exposure to iAs due to a more efficient clearance of iAs or its metabolites from target tissues.
Additional file 1 of Does the neighborhood built environment moderate the effectiveness of a weight-loss intervention for mothers with overweight or obesity? Findings from the Healthy Eating and Active Living Taught at Home (HEALTH) study
Creators: name: Gilbert, Amanda S.
name: Salvo, Deborah
name: Tabak, Rachel G.
name: Haire-Joshu, Debra
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1.
Buenas Prácticas en los Procesos Editoriales de Revistas Científicas para LILACS (2021) - Sesión I - "Ecosistema LILACS"
Creators: name: BIREME/OPS/OMS
name: Suga, Sueli Mitiko Yano
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: buenas prácticas
ciencia aberta
LILACS
editores LILACS
revistas LILACS
buenas prácticas editoriales

description: • Sesión 01 | 17 de marzo de 2021 • Tema: Ecosistema LILACS • Ponente: Sueli Mitiko Yano Suga Más informaciones → https://lilacs.bvsalud.org/es/sesiones-virtuales-lilacs/buenas-practicas-en-los-procesos-editoriales-de-revistas-cientificas-para-lilacs-2021/
title: Verschwörungsmythen im Religionsunterricht
Creators: name: Peschen, Denise
Year: 2022

description: Im Rahmen der Arbeit Verschwörungsmythen im Religionsunterricht – Medienethische Zugänge anhand des Spiels Bad News wird die Fragestellung untersucht, wie Schüler:innen im Rahmen des Religionsunterricht mit der Verschwörungsmythen und Fake News konfrontiert werden sollten, damit sie vor diesen geschützt werden und warum es überhaupt eine Notwendigkeit dieses Schutzes gibt. Dafür wurde ein Zusammenhang mit der Medienethik untersucht. Außerdem wird die Anwendungsmöglichkeit der Medienethik im Religionsunterricht anhand des Spiels Bad News gezeigt. Zunächst wird in der Einleitung erklärt, was die Beweggründe für die Entstehung dieser Arbeit sind – nämliche die aktuelle Corona-Situation und die Verschwörungsmythen, welche immer lauter zu werden scheinen. Anschließend wird in Kapitel zwei auf die Definition der beiden Phänomene Verschwörungsmythen und Fake News eingegangen und erklärt, woher die Begriffe kommen. In diesem Punkt wird außerdem erklärt, warum Fake News und Verschwörungsmythen gefährlich sind. Im dritten Kapitel geht es um die soziale Komponente, also um jene Menschen, die an Fake News glauben, diese produzieren und verbreiten. Deren Beweggründe werden aufgezeigt und es wird darauf Bezug genommen, was es bräuchte, damit dieses Glauben, Produzieren und Verbreiten nicht mehr oder weniger geschieht. In Kapitel vier wird die Medienethik definiert und das Phänomen Social Media in seiner Sonderstellung in der heutigen Zeit herausgestellt. Im fünften Kapitel wird aufgezeigt, welche Kriterien, Onlinespiele erfüllen sollten, um wertvolle Kompetenzen im Bezug auf das Thema Fake News zu fördern. Die Kriterien wurden wieder anhand des Spiels Bad News untersucht und außerdem gezeigt, welche Kompetenzen das Spiel bereits fördert und welche noch fehlen, um das Spiel optimal im Unterricht über digitale Kompetenzen zu nutzen. Abschließend, im sechsten Kapitel, wird das Spiel noch einmal ausführlich erklärt und zusammengefasst und in der Conclusio wird nochmals zusammengefasst, was im Zuge dieser Arbeit herausgefunden wurde und welche Ausblicke diese geliefert hat.
Classically isospinning Skyrmion solutions
Creators: name: Battye, Richard A.
name: Haberichter, Mareike
name: Krusch, Steffen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate how isospin affects the geometrical shape and energy of classical soliton solutions of topological charges $B=1-4,8$ in the Skyrme model. The novel approach in our work is that we study classically isospinning Skyrmions beyond the rigid-body approximation; that is, we explicitly allow the soliton solutions to deform and to break the symmetries of the static configurations. Our fully three-dimensional relaxation calculations reveal that the symmetries of isospinning Skyrme solitons can differ significantly from the ones of the static configurations. In particular, isospinning Skyrmion solutions can break up into lower-charge Skyrmions, can deform into new solution types that do not exist at vanishing angular frequency $ω$ or energy degeneracy can be removed. These types of deformations have been largely ignored in previous work on modeling nuclei by quantized Skyrmion solutions.
description: 51 pages, 33 figures; updated to match published version in Phys. Rev. D
Time course investigation of PPARα- and Kupffer cell-dependent effects of WY-14,643 in mouse liver using microarray gene expression
Creators: name: Bradford, Blair U.
name: Ibrahim, Joseph G.
name: Kosyk, Oksana
name: Cunningham, Michael L.
name: Burns, Amanda M.
name: Rusyn, Ivan
name: Woods, Courtney G.
name: Ross, Pamela K.
name: Qu, Pingping
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2007

description: Administration of peroxisome proliferators to rodents causes proliferation of peroxisomes, induction of β-oxidation enzymes, hepatocelluar hypertrophy and hyperplasia, with chronic exposure ultimately leading to hepatocellular carcinomas. Many responses associated with peroxisome proliferators are nuclear receptor-mediated events involving peroxisome proliferators-activated receptor alpha (PPARα). A role for nuclear receptor-independent events has also been shown, with evidence of Kupffer cell-mediated free radical production, presumably through NAPDH oxidase, induction of redox-sensitive transcription factors involved in cytokine production and cytokine-mediated cell replication following acute treatment with peroxisome proliferators in rodents. Recent studies have demonstrated, by using p47phox-null mice which are deficient in NADPH oxidase, that this enzyme is not related to the phenotypic events caused by prolonged administration of peroxisome proliferators. In an effort to determine the timing of the transition from Kupffer cell- to PPARα-dependent modulation of peroxisome proliferator effects, gene expression was assessed in liver from Pparα-null, p47phox-null and corresponding wild-type mice following treatment with 4-chloro-6-(2,3-xylidino)-pyrimidynylthioacetic acid (WY-14,643) for 8 h, 24 h, 72 h, 1 wk, or 4 wks. WY-14,643-induced gene expression in p47phox-null mouse liver differed substantially from wild-type mice at acute doses and striking differences in baseline expression of immune related genes were evident. Pathway mapping of genes that respond to WY-14,643 in a time- and dose-dependent manner demonstrates suppression of immune response, cell death and signal transduction and promotion of lipid metabolism, cell cycle and DNA repair. Furthermore, these pathways were largely dependent on PPARα, not NADPH oxidase demonstrating a temporal shift in response to peroxisome proliferators. Overall, this study shows that NADPH oxidase-dependent events, while detectable following acute treatment, are transient and short-lived. To the contrary, a strong PPARα-specific gene signature was evident in mice that were continually exposed to WY-14,643.
Additional file 1 of Resilience of people with chronic medical conditions during the COVID-19 pandemic: a 1-year longitudinal prospective survey
Creators: name: Tarsitani, Lorenzo
name: Pinucci, Irene
name: Tedeschi, Federico
name: Patanè, Martina
name: Papola, Davide
name: Palantza, Christina
name: Acarturk, Ceren
name: Björkenstam, Emma
name: Bryant, Richard
name: Burchert, Sebastian
name: Davisse-Paturet, Camille
name: Díaz-García, Amanda
name: Farrel, Rachel
name: Fuhr, Daniela C.
name: Hall, Brian J.
name: Huizink, Anja C.
name: Lam, Agnes Iok Fong
name: Kurt, Gülşah
name: Leijen, Ingmar
name: Mittendorfer-Rutz, Ellenor
name: Morina, Naser
name: Panter-Brick, Catherine
name: Purba, Fredrick Dermawan
name: Quero, Soledad
name: Seedat, Soraya
name: Setyowibowo, Hari
name: van der Waerden, Judith
name: Pasquini, Massimo
name: Sijbrandij, Marit
name: Barbui, Corrado
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1: Procedures for model identification. Fig. S1. Flowchart of sample identification. Table S1. Descriptive statistics of resilience indicators across the survey waves (N = 1052)*. Table S2. Frequency of each chronic medical condition in the whole sample. Table S3. Comparison between participants with and without chronic medical conditions at baseline*. Table S4. Descriptive statistics at the first wave of socio-demographic and clinical characteristics of participants with a chronic condition included vs excluded (because did not fill at least three waves of the survey). Table S5. Gender distribution of participants.
Chronic pharmacologic inhibition of EGFR leads to cardiac dysfunction in C57BL/6J mice
Creators: name: Chao, Hann-Hsiang
name: Threadgill, David W.
name: Barrick, Cordelia J.
name: Yu, Ming
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: Molecule-targeted therapies like those against the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) are becoming widely used in the oncology clinic. With improvements in treatment efficacy, many cancers are being treated as chronic diseases, with patients having prolonged exposure to several therapies that were previously only given acutely. The consequence of chronic suppression of EGFR activity may lead to unexpected toxicities like altered cardiac physiology, a common organ site for adverse drug effects. To explore this possibility, we treated C57BL/6J (B6) mice with two EGFR small molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), irreversible EKB-569 and reversible AG-1478, orally for three months. In B6 female mice, chronic exposure to both TKIs depressed body weight gain and caused significant changes in left ventricular (LV) wall thickness and cardiac function. No significant differences were observed in heart weight or cardiomyocyte size but histological analysis revealed an increase in fibrosis and in the numbers of TUNEL-positive cells in the hearts from treated female mice. Consistent with histological results, LV apoptotic gene expression was altered, with significant downregulation of the anti-apoptotic gene Bcl2l1. Although there were no significant differences in any of these endpoints in treated male mice, suggesting sex may influence susceptibility to TKI mediated toxicity, the LVs of treated male mice had significant upregulation of Egf, Erbb2 and Nppb over controls. Taken together, these data suggest that chronic dietary exposure to TKIs may result in pathological and physiological changes in the heart.
Involvement of mitogen-activated protein kinases and NFκB in LPS-induced CD40 expression on human monocytic cells
Creators: name: WU, W
name: CHEN, X
name: BROMBERG, P
name: ALEXIS, N
name: PEDEN, D
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: CD40 is a costimulatory molecule linking innate and adaptive immune responses to bacterial stimuli, as well as a critical regulator of functions of other costimulatory molecules. The mechanisms regulating lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced CD40 expression have not been adequately characterized in human monocytic cells. In this study we used a human monocytic cell line, THP-1, to investigate the possible mechanisms of CD40 expression following LPS exposure. Exposure to LPS resulted in a dose- and time-dependent increase in CD40 expression. Further studies using immunoblotting and pharmacological inhibitors revealed that mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) and NFκB were activated by LPS exposure and involved in LPS-induced CD40 expression. Activation of MAPKs was not responsible for LPS-induced NFκB activation. TLR4 was expressed on THP-1 cells and pretreatment of cells with a Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) neutralizing antibody (HTA125) significantly blunted LPS-induced MAPK and NFκB activation and ensuing CD40 expression. Additional studies with murine macrophages expressing wild type and mutated TLR4 showed that TLR4 was implicated in LPS-induced ERK and NFκB activation, and CD40 expression. Moreover, blockage of MAPK and NFκB activation inhibited LPS-induced TLR4 expression. In summary, LPS-induced CD40 expression in monocytic cells involves MAPKs and NFκB.
Metabolomic profiling of a modified alcohol liquid diet model for liver injury in the mouse uncovers new markers of disease
Creators: name: Han, Jun
name: O'Connell, Thomas M.
name: Bradford, Blair U.
name: Shymonyak, Svitlana
name: Ross, Pamela K.
name: Kono, Hiroshi
name: Winnike, Jason
name: Rusyn, Ivan
name: Kosyk, Oksana
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: Metabolomic evaluation of urine and liver was conducted to assess the biochemical changes that occur as a result of alcohol-induced liver injury. Male C57BL/6J mice were fed an isocaloric control-or alcohol-containing liquid diet with 35% of calories from corn oil, 18% protein and 47% carbohydrate/alcohol for up to 36 days ad libitum. Alcohol treatment was initiated at 7 g/kg/day and gradually reached a final dose of 21 g/kg/day. Urine samples were collected at 22, 30 and 36 days and in additional treatment groups, liver and serum samples were harvested at 28 days. Steatohepatitis was induced in the alcohol-fed group since a 5-fold increase in serum alanine aminotransferase activity, a 6-fold increase in liver injury score (necrosis, inflammation and steatosis) and an increase in lipid peroxidation in liver were observed. Liver and urine samples were analyzed by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and electrospray infusion/Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance-mass spectrometry. In livers of alcohol-treated mice the following changes were noted. Hypoxia and glycolysis were activated as evidenced by elevated levels of alanine and lactate. Tyrosine, which is required for L-DOPA and dopamine as well as thyroid hormones, was elevated possibly reflecting alterations of basal metabolism by alcohol. A 4-fold increase in the prostacyclin inhibitor 7,10,13,16-docosatetraenoic acid, a molecule important for regulation of platelet formation and blood clotting, may explain why chronic drinking causes serious bleeding problems. Metabolomic analysis of the urine revealed that alcohol treatment leads to decreased excretion of taurine, a metabolite of glutathione, and an increase in lactate, n-acetylglutamine and n-acetylglycine. Changes in the latter two metabolites suggest an inhibition of the kidney enzyme aminoacylase I and may be useful as markers for alcohol consumption.
Modulation of trabectedin (ET-743) hepatobiliary disposition by multidrug resistance-associated proteins (Mrps) may prevent hepatotoxicity
Creators: name: Leslie, Elaine M.
name: Lee, Jin Kyung
name: Brouwer, Kim L.R.
name: Zamek-Gliszczynski, Maciej J.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: Trabectedin is a promising anticancer agent, but dose-limiting hepatotoxicity was observed during phase I/II clinical trials. Dexamethasone (DEX) has been shown to significantly reduce trabectedin-mediated hepatotoxicity. The current study was designed to assess the capability of sandwich-cultured primary rat hepatocytes (SCRH) to predict the hepato-protective effect of DEX against trabectedin-mediated cytotoxicity. The role of multidrug resistance-associated protein 2 (Mrp2; Abcc2) in trabectedin hepatic disposition also was examined. In SCRH from wild-type Wistar rats, cytotoxicity was observed after 24-hr continuous exposure to trabectedin. SCRH pretreated with additional DEX (1 µM) exhibited a 2–3-fold decrease in toxicity at 100 nM and 1000 nM trabectedin. Unexpectedly, toxicity in SCRH from Mrp2-deficient (TR−) compared to wild-type Wistar rats was markedly reduced. Depletion of glutathione from SCRH using buthionine sulfoximine (BSO) mitigated trabectedin toxicity associated with 100 nM and 1000 nM trabectedin. Western blot analysis demonstrated increased levels of CYP3A1/2 and Mrp2 in SCRH pretreated with DEX; interestingly, Mrp4 expression was increased in SCRH after BSO exposure. Trabectedin biliary recovery in isolated perfused livers from TR− rats was decreased by ~75% compared to wild-type livers. In conclusion, SCRH represent a useful in vitro model to predict the hepatotoxicity of trabectedin observed in vivo. The protection by DEX against trabectedin-mediated cytotoxicity may be attributed, in part, to enhanced Mrp2 biliary excretion and increased metabolism by CYP3A1/2. Decreased trabectedin toxicity in SCRH from TR− rats, and in SCRH pretreated with BSO, may be due to increased basolateral excretion of trabectedin by Mrp3 and/or Mrp4.
Inhomogeneities from quantum collapse scheme without inflation
Creators: name: Bengochea, Gabriel R.
name: Cañate, Pedro
name: Sudarsky, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, we consider the problem of the emergence of seeds of cosmic structure in the framework of the non-inflationary model proposed by Hollands and Wald. In particular, we consider a modification to that proposal designed to account for breaking the symmetries of the initial quantum state, leading to the generation of the primordial inhomogeneities. This new ingredient is described in terms of a spontaneous reduction of the wave function. We investigate under which conditions one can recover an essentially scale free spectrum of primordial inhomogeneities, and which are the dominant deviations that arise in the model as a consequence of the introduction of the collapse of the quantum state into that scenario.
description: 10 pages. Comments added. Replaced to match version to be published in PLB
Virtual Viewing Experiences: Immersive Visualizations of Early-Twentieth Century Home Cinema
Creators: name: Georgiakakis, Theodoros
name: van der Heijden, Tim
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: 3D modelling
digital history
media history
Kinora
Pathé Baby
home cinema
motion picture technology
experimental media archaeology

description: Poster for the DH Benelux conference 2023 in Brussels, Belgium. How to simulate hands-on media practices in a virtual environment using 3D-represented cultural heritage objects in such a way that the material characteristics of the objects and their usages become part of the virtual and immersive user experience? In this project, we have explored this question by focusing on two media historical objects: the Kinora motion picture viewer (ca. 1907) and the Pathé Baby 9.5mm film projector (ca. 1924) as early-twentieth-century technologies of home cinema. The application development was carried out in four stages: (1) digitization, (2) conceptualization, (3) contextualization, and (4) digital storytelling. The project was developed within the framework of a research internship at the Open University of the Netherlands in collaboration with Maastricht University, the Netherlands. It was conducted in support of the project CRAFTED: Enrich and promote traditional and contemporary crafts, co-financed by the Connecting Europe Facility of the European Commission. Video demonstration of the application: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8UnoPSDZCiw.
 Application: https://zenodo.org/record/8011420
Minimum codegree threshold for Hamilton l-cycles in k-uniform hypergraphs
Creators: name: Han, Jie
name: Zhao, Yi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: For $1\le \ell
description: 22 pages, 0 figure. Accepted for publication in JCTA. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1307.3693
Tissue dosimetry, metabolism and excretion of pentavalent and trivalent dimethylated arsenic in mice after oral administration
Creators: name: Creed, John T.
name: Adair, Blakely M.
name: Thomas, David J.
name: Devesa, Vicenta
name: Kenyon, Elaina M.
name: Hughes, Michael F.
name: Conklin, Sean D.
name: Styblo, Miroslav
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: Dimethylarsinic acid (DMA(V)) is a rat bladder carcinogen and the major urinary metabolite of administered inorganic arsenic in most mammals. This study examined the disposition of pentavalent and trivalent dimethylated arsenic in mice after acute oral administration. Adult female mice were administered [14C]-DMA(V) (0.6 or 60 mg As/kg) and sacrificed serially over 24 h. Tissues and excreta were collected for analysis of radioactivity. Other mice were administered unlabeled DMA(V) (0.6 or 60 mg As/kg) or dimethylarsinous acid (DMA(III)) (0.6 mg As/kg) and sacrificed at 2 or 24 h. Tissues (2 h) and urine (24 h) were collected and analyzed for arsenicals. Absorption, distribution and excretion of [14C]-DMA(V) were rapid, as radioactivity was detected in tissues and urine at 0.25 h. For low dose DMA(V) mice, there was a greater fractional absorption of DMA(V) and significantly greater tissue concentrations of radioactivity at several time points. Radioactivity distributed greatest to the liver (1–2% of dose) and declined to less than 0.05% in all tissues examined at 24 h. Urinary excretion of radioactivity was significantly greater in the 0.6 mg As/kg DMA(V) group. Conversely, fecal excretion of radioactivity was significantly greater in the high dose group. Urinary metabolites of DMA(V) included DMA(III), trimethylarsine oxide (TMAO), dimethylthioarsinic acid and trimethylarsine sulfide. Urinary metabolites of DMA(III) included TMAO, dimethylthioarsinic acid and trimethylarsine sulfide. DMA(V) was also excreted by DMA(III)-treated mice, showing its sensitivity to oxidation. TMAO was detected in tissues of the high dose DMA(V) group. The low acute toxicity of DMA (V) in the mouse appears to be due in part to its minimal retention and rapid elimination.