cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
From Brains to Brawn: Changing Masculinity in the Jurassic Park Franchise
Creators: name: Kelly, Gillian
Publisher: name: Cinergie – Il Cinema e le altre Arti
Year: 2023

description: Widely celebrated for its ground-breaking CGI and computer-generated dinosaurs, Jurassic Park’s (Spielberg, 1993) human actors have long been relegated to secondary roles. Directly following the popular action films of the 1980s, the “musculinity” of these stars (McDonald, 2019) is far removed from the type of masculinity embodied by actors Sam Neill and Jeff Goldblum as Jurassic Park’s scientists Drs. Alan Grant and Ian Malcolm, respectively. This noteworthy paradox provides comment on changes within the film industry and American society, and yet, despite the film’s continued critical attention, a lack of serious consideration of its stars remains.

This paper examines and reassesses the actors’ “normalised” star personas and screen performances, juxtaposing their performance styles, physicality and character development with both the hyper-masculine actors preceding them and Chris Pratt as a Velociraptor wrangler in the new chapter of the franchise, Jurassic World (2015-2022). As Owen Grady, Pratt exemplifies a new generation of twenty-first-century masculine stars: a safer, more “everyday” version of the extreme masculinity of the 1980s action hero and more relatable to audiences. Grady is presented in terms of brawn rather than brains, explicitly positioned as erotic object and the “alpha” male to “beta” Blue, the female leader of the Velociraptor pack he trains; but, as explored, scientists Grant and Malcolm do not fit this type and thrust into the role of dominant male as a necessity for survival.
description: Cinergie – Il Cinema e le altre Arti, No. 24 (2023)
Mining GIS Data to Predict Urban Sprawl
Creators: name: Pampoore-Thampi, Anita
name: Varde, Aparna S.
name: Yu, Danlin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Databases (cs.DB)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: H.2.8; I.2.1

description: This paper addresses the interesting problem of processing and analyzing data in geographic information systems (GIS) to achieve a clear perspective on urban sprawl. The term urban sprawl refers to overgrowth and expansion of low-density areas with issues such as car dependency and segregation between residential versus commercial use. Sprawl has impacts on the environment and public health. In our work, spatiotemporal features related to real GIS data on urban sprawl such as population growth and demographics are mined to discover knowledge for decision support. We adapt data mining algorithms, Apriori for association rule mining and J4.8 for decision tree classification to geospatial analysis, deploying the ArcGIS tool for mapping. Knowledge discovered by mining this spatiotemporal data is used to implement a prototype spatial decision support system (SDSS). This SDSS predicts whether urban sprawl is likely to occur. Further, it estimates the values of pertinent variables to understand how the variables impact each other. The SDSS can help decision-makers identify problems and create solutions for avoiding future sprawl occurrence and conducting urban planning where sprawl already occurs, thus aiding sustainable development. This work falls in the broad realm of geospatial intelligence and sets the stage for designing a large scale SDSS to process big data in complex environments, which constitutes part of our future work.
description: 8 Pages, 13 figures, KDD 2014 conference Bloomberg track
CIFRA National Survey: Uruguay July 2004
Creators: name: CIFRA, In Bogliaccini, Juan, And Queirolo Rosario Laboratorio De Opinión Pública And Redes Sociales En Uruguay Collection (Social Networks And Public Opinion Lab Collection)
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2021

description: Economic situation of your family; economic situation of the country; future financial expectations; purchasing household appliances; voting in primary elections; interest in politics; opinions on possible election outcomes; personal banking choices; likability of politicians and presidential candidates; starting businesses; increase/decrease of national problems; approval of President Jorge Batlle; past voting history; potential future voting choices; referendum on water and sanitation services. National Agency for Research and Innovation (ANII) Collection.
A survey for variable young stars with small telescopes: V - Analysis of TXOri, V505Ori, and V510Ori, the HST ULLYSES targets in the $σ$Ori cluster
Creators: name: Froebrich, Dirk
name: Eislöffel, Jochen
name: Stecklum, Bringfried
name: Herbert, Carys
name: Hambsch, Franz-Josef
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Investigations of the formation of young stellar objects (YSOs) and planets require the detailed analysis of individual sources as well as statistical analysis of a larger number of objects. The Hubble UV Legacy Library of Young Stars as Essential Standards (ULLYSES) project provides such a unique opportunity by establishing a UV spectroscopic library of young high- and low-mass stars in the local universe. Here we analyse optical photometry of the three ULLYSES targets (TXOri, V505Ori, V510Ori) and other YSOs in the $σ$Ori cluster taken at the time of the HST observations to provide a reference for those spectra. We identify three populations of YSOs along the line of sight to $σ$Ori, separated in parallax and proper motion space. The ULLYSES targets show typical YSO behaviour with pronounced variability and mass accretion rates of the order of 10$^{-8}$M$_\odot$/yr. Optical colours do not agree with standard interstellar reddening and suggest a significant contribution of scattered light. They are also amongst the most variable and strongest accretors in the cluster. V505\,Ori shows variability with a seven day period, indicating an inner disk warp at the co-rotation radius. Uncovering the exact nature of the ULLYSES targets will require improved detailed modelling of the HST spectra in the context of the available photometry, including scattered light contributions as well as non-standard reddening.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS, 17 pages, 10 figures, 5 tables
Self-adaptive loss balanced Physics-informed neural networks for the incompressible Navier-Stokes equations
Creators: name: Xiang, Zixue
name: Peng, Wei
name: Zheng, Xiaohu
name: Zhao, Xiaoyu
name: Yao, Wen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: There have been several efforts to Physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) in the solution of the incompressible Navier-Stokes fluid. The loss function in PINNs is a weighted sum of multiple terms, including the mismatch in the observed velocity and pressure data, the boundary and initial constraints, as well as the residuals of the Navier-Stokes equations. In this paper, we observe that the weighted combination of competitive multiple loss functions plays a significant role in training PINNs effectively. We establish Gaussian probabilistic models to define the loss terms, where the noise collection describes the weight parameter for each loss term. We propose a self-adaptive loss function method, which automatically assigns the weights of losses by updating the noise parameters in each epoch based on the maximum likelihood estimation. Subsequently, we employ the self-adaptive loss balanced Physics-informed neural networks (lbPINNs) to solve the incompressible Navier-Stokes equations,\hspace{-1pt} including\hspace{-1pt} two-dimensional\hspace{-1pt} steady Kovasznay flow, two-dimensional unsteady cylinder wake, and three-dimensional unsteady Beltrami flow. Our results suggest that the accuracy of PINNs for effectively simulating complex incompressible flows is improved by adaptively appropriate weights in the loss terms. The outstanding adaptability of lbPINNs is not irrelevant to the initialization choice of noise parameters, which illustrates the robustness. The proposed method can also be employed in other problems where PINNs apply besides fluid problems.
description: 12pages,12 figures
title: Uretrografía dinámica: Lo que todo radiólogo debe saber
Creators: name: Moreno Manzano, Sergio
Publisher: name: Sociedad Española de Radiología Médica
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Cystography / Uretrography
subject: Fluoroscopy
subject: Urinary Tract / Bladder
subject: Abdomen

description: Objetivo docente
Revisión del tema
Conclusiones
Bibliografía
description: Objetivo docente:
Dar a conocer los aspectos básicos de la uretrografía retrógrada y miccional en el varón adulto,
describiendo la técnica,
la anatomía normal,
mostrando algunos ejemplos de casos vistos en nuestro...
Benchmarking Scientific Image Forgery Detectors
Creators: name: Cardenuto, João P.
name: Rocha, Anderson
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The scientific image integrity area presents a challenging research bottleneck, the lack of available datasets to design and evaluate forensic techniques. Its data sensitivity creates a legal hurdle that prevents one to rely on real tampered cases to build any sort of accessible forensic benchmark. To mitigate this bottleneck, we present an extendable open-source library that reproduces the most common image forgery operations reported by the research integrity community: duplication, retouching, and cleaning. Using this library and realistic scientific images, we create a large scientific forgery image benchmark (39,423 images) with an enriched ground-truth. In addition, concerned about the high number of retracted papers due to image duplication, this work evaluates the state-of-the-art copy-move detection methods in the proposed dataset, using a new metric that asserts consistent match detection between the source and the copied region. The dataset and source-code will be freely available upon acceptance of the paper.
Associative Classification on Spatio-temporal Sequences
Creators: name: Spagnuolo, Niccolò
Publisher: name: University of Illinois at Chicago
Year: 2021
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: The main purpose of the study is to build a system to perform associative classification on spatio-temporal sequences. The proposed methodology is composed of four ordered phases: preprocessing, frequent itemsets mining, association rules generation and prediction model training. The model presented is eventually compared to other state-of-the-art classification algorithms such as Decision Trees, Random Forests and Support Vector Machines. On balance, the pre- diction model achieves a higher precision for the critical and most rare class with respect to its competitors.
CINNAMON: A Module for AUTOSAR Secure Onboard Communication
Creators: name: Bella, Giampaolo
name: Biondi, Pietro
name: Costantino, Gianpiero
name: Matteucci, Ilaria
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper introduces CINNAMON, a software module that extends and seamlessly integrates with the AUTOSAR "Secure Onboard Communication" (SecOC) module to also account for confidentiality of data in transit. It stands for Confidential, INtegral aNd Authentic on board coMunicatiON (CINNAMON). It takes a resource-efficient and practical approach to ensure, at the same time, confidentiality, integrity and authenticity of frames. The main new requirement that CINNAMON puts forward is the use of encryption and thus, as a result, CINNAMON exceeds SecOC against information gathering attacks. This paper sets forth the essential requirements and specification of the new module by detailing where and how to position it within AUTOSAR and by emphasizing the relevant upgrades with respect to SecOC. The presentation continues with the definition of a Security Profile and a summary of a prototype implementation of ours. While CINNAMON is easily extensible, for example through the definition of additional profiles, the current performances obtained on inexpensive boards support the claim that the approach is feasible.
Topological recursion for fully simple maps from ciliated maps
Creators: name: Borot, Gaëtan
name: Charbonnier, Séverin
name: Garcia-Failde, Elba
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 05A15, 05A19, 46L54

description: Ordinary maps satisfy topological recursion for a certain spectral curve $(x, y)$. We solve a conjecture from arXiv:1710.07851 that claims that fully simple maps, which are maps with non self-intersecting disjoint boundaries, satisfy topological recursion for the exchanged spectral curve $(y, x)$, making use of the topological recursion for ciliated maps arXiv:2105.08035.
description: 22 pages
Riccati equation and the problem of decoherence
Creators: name: Gardas, Bartłomiej
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The block operator matrix theory is used to investigate the problem of a single qubit. We will establish a connection between the Riccati operator equation and the possibility of obtaining an exact reduced dynamics for the qubit in question. The model of the half spin particle in the rotating magnetic field coupling with the external environment is discussed. We show that the model defined in such a way can be reduced to a time independent problem.
description: 4 pages, accepted by Journal of Mathematical Physics,
title: Indicaciones y semiología de la ecografía torácica.
Creators: name: Rodriguez Rosales, Karina Paola
Publisher: name: Sociedad Española de Radiología Médica
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Thorax
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Ultrasound-Colour Doppler

description: Objetivo docente
Revisión del tema
Conclusiones
Bibliografía
description: Objetivo docente:
Repasar los aspectos más importantes de la ecografía torácica tales como indicaciones,
ventajas y limitaciones.
Así mismo se revisan los hallazgos semiológicos de una ecografía torácica normal y de las patologías más frecuentes...
Adaptive Discretization in Online Reinforcement Learning
Creators: name: Sinclair, Sean R.
name: Banerjee, Siddhartha
name: Yu, Christina Lee
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: I.2.6
subject: 68Q32

description: Discretization based approaches to solving online reinforcement learning problems have been studied extensively in practice on applications ranging from resource allocation to cache management. Two major questions in designing discretization-based algorithms are how to create the discretization and when to refine it. While there have been several experimental results investigating heuristic solutions to these questions, there has been little theoretical treatment. In this paper we provide a unified theoretical analysis of tree-based hierarchical partitioning methods for online reinforcement learning, providing model-free and model-based algorithms. We show how our algorithms are able to take advantage of inherent structure of the problem by providing guarantees that scale with respect to the 'zooming dimension' instead of the ambient dimension, an instance-dependent quantity measuring the benignness of the optimal $Q_h^\star$ function.
 Many applications in computing systems and operations research requires algorithms that compete on three facets: low sample complexity, mild storage requirements, and low computational burden. Our algorithms are easily adapted to operating constraints, and our theory provides explicit bounds across each of the three facets. This motivates its use in practical applications as our approach automatically adapts to underlying problem structure even when very little is known a priori about the system.
description: 77 pages, 7 figures. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2007.00717
Optimum Noise Mechanism for Differentially Private Queries in Discrete Finite Sets
Creators: name: Kadam, Sachin
name: Scaglione, Anna
name: Ravi, Nikhil
name: Peisert, Sean
name: Lunghino, Brent
name: Shumavon, Aram
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Data Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: The Differential Privacy (DP) literature often centers on meeting privacy constraints by introducing noise to the query, typically using a pre-specified parametric distribution model with one or two degrees of freedom. However, this emphasis tends to neglect the crucial considerations of response accuracy and utility, especially in the context of categorical or discrete numerical database queries, where the parameters defining the noise distribution are finite and could be chosen optimally. This paper addresses this gap by introducing a novel framework for designing an optimal noise Probability Mass Function (PMF) tailored to discrete and finite query sets. Our approach considers the modulo summation of random noise as the DP mechanism, aiming to present a tractable solution that not only satisfies privacy constraints but also minimizes query distortion. Unlike existing approaches focused solely on meeting privacy constraints, our framework seeks to optimize the noise distribution under an arbitrary $(ε, δ)$ constraint, thereby enhancing the accuracy and utility of the response. We demonstrate that the optimal PMF can be obtained through solving a Mixed-Integer Linear Program (MILP). Additionally, closed-form solutions for the optimal PMF are provided, minimizing the probability of error for two specific cases. Numerical experiments highlight the superior performance of our proposed optimal mechanisms compared to state-of-the-art methods. This paper contributes to the DP literature by presenting a clear and systematic approach to designing noise mechanisms that not only satisfy privacy requirements but also optimize query distortion. The framework introduced here opens avenues for improved privacy-preserving database queries, offering significant enhancements in response accuracy and utility.
description: Accepted for publication in the journal Cybersecurity (https://cybersecurity.springeropen.com/)
Blasting through lattice calculations using CUDA
Creators: name: Barros, Kipton
name: Babich, Ronald
name: Brower, Richard
name: Clark, Michael A.
name: Rebbi, Claudio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Modern graphics hardware is designed for highly parallel numerical tasks and provides significant cost and performance benefits. Graphics hardware vendors are now making available development tools to support general purpose high performance computing. Nvidia's CUDA platform, in particular, offers direct access to graphics hardware through a programming language similar to C. Using the CUDA platform we have implemented a Wilson-Dirac operator which runs at an effective 68 Gflops on the Tesla C870. The recently released GeForce GTX 280 runs this same code at 92 Gflops, and we expect further improvement pending code optimization.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures, presented at the XXVI International Symposium on Lattice Field Theory (Lattice 2008), Williamsburg, Virginia, July 14-19, 2008
Benvenuto Rambaldi da Imola: dantista in progress
Benvenuto Rambaldi da Imola: Dantist in progress
Creators: name: Pantone, Domenico <1985>
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2013
Subjects: L-FIL-LET/10 Letteratura italiana

description: Si procede ad un’analisi diacronica delle tre redazioni del commento dantesco di Benvenuto da Imola (dalle "recollectae" bolognesi e ferraresi al "Comentum"), considerando il testo benvenutiano  quale «opera umana o lavoro in fieri», di cui rappresentare «drammaticamente la vita dialettica», così come il Contini iniziava a fare, negli anni ’30, con gli ʻscartafacciʼ ariosteschi. Secondo tale impostazione, si prende in esame la multiforme attitudine pedagogica di Benvenuto, di cui si indica, con riferimento ad altri commentatori coevi, danteschi e non, il contesto operativo. Nella seconda parte si ricostruisce, in senso sempre diacronico, la problematica oscillazione del commentatore tra tendenze avanguardistiche in direzione umanistico-petrarchesca e strenua apologia del testo dantesco. Nella terza ed ultima parte sono vagliate le originali idee benvenutiane riguardo alla lingua e alla poesia della Commedia, delle quali si ripercorre, attraverso l’esame delle varianti redazionali, la progressiva messa a fuoco. Obiettivo dell’elaborato, insomma, è restituire una descrizione organica e problematica della ricerca dantesca, "in progress", portata avanti da Benvenuto da Imola.
description: The main topic is the "Comentum" (1379-83)of Benvenuto da Imola. Comparing the various compilations of its readings (the lessons held in Bologna and in Ferrara and the "Comentum") the author identifies a route of exegetical maturation covered by the lector of the "Commedia".
A Generic Self-Supervised Framework of Learning Invariant Discriminative Features
Creators: name: Ntelemis, Foivos
name: Jin, Yaochu
name: Thomas, Spencer A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Self-supervised learning (SSL) has become a popular method for generating invariant representations without the need for human annotations. Nonetheless, the desired invariant representation is achieved by utilising prior online transformation functions on the input data. As a result, each SSL framework is customised for a particular data type, e.g., visual data, and further modifications are required if it is used for other dataset types. On the other hand, autoencoder (AE), which is a generic and widely applicable framework, mainly focuses on dimension reduction and is not suited for learning invariant representation. This paper proposes a generic SSL framework based on a constrained self-labelling assignment process that prevents degenerate solutions. Specifically, the prior transformation functions are replaced with a self-transformation mechanism, derived through an unsupervised training process of adversarial training, for imposing invariant representations. Via the self-transformation mechanism, pairs of augmented instances can be generated from the same input data. Finally, a training objective based on contrastive learning is designed by leveraging both the self-labelling assignment and the self-transformation mechanism. Despite the fact that the self-transformation process is very generic, the proposed training strategy outperforms a majority of state-of-the-art representation learning methods based on AE structures. To validate the performance of our method, we conduct experiments on four types of data, namely visual, audio, text, and mass spectrometry data, and compare them in terms of four quantitative metrics. Our comparison results indicate that the proposed method demonstrate robustness and successfully identify patterns within the datasets.
The role of sign in students' modeling of scalar equations
Creators: name: Hayes, Kate
name: Wittmann, Michael C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Physics Education (physics.ed-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe students revising the mathematical form of physics equations to match the physical situation they are describing, even though their revision violates physical laws. In an unfamiliar air resistance problem, a majority of students in a sophomore level mechanics class at some point wrote Newton's Second Law as F = -ma; they were using this form to ensure that the sign of the force pointed in a direction consistent with the chosen coordinate system while assuming that some variables have only positive value. We use one student's detailed explanation to suggest that students' issues with variables are context-dependent, and that much of their reasoning is useful for productive instruction.
description: 5 pages, 1 figure, to be published in The Physics Teacher
Privacy and modern cars through a dual lens
Creators: name: Bella, Giampaolo
name: Biondi, Pietro
name: De Vincenzi, Marco
name: Tudisco, Giuseppe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Modern cars technologies are evolving quickly. They collect a variety of personal data and treat it on behalf of the car manufacturer to improve the drivers' experience. The precise terms of such a treatment are stated within the privacy policies accepted by the user when buying a car or through the infotainment system when it is first started. This paper uses a double lens to assess people's privacy while they drive a car. The first approach is objective and studies the readability of privacy policies that comes with cars. We analyse the privacy policies of twelve car brands and apply well-known readability indices to evaluate the extent to which privacy policies are comprehensible by all drivers. The second approach targets drivers' opinions to extrapolate their privacy concerns and trust perceptions. We design a questionnaire to collect the opinions of 88 participants and draw essential statistics about them. Our combined findings indicate that privacy is insufficiently understood at present as an issue deriving from driving a car, hence future technologies should be tailored to make people more aware of the issue and to enable them to express their preferences.
The Factorisation of the t-channel Pole in Quark-Gluon Scattering
Creators: name: Andersen, Jeppe R.
name: Smillie, Jennifer M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: By exploring the scattering of specific helicity states in quark-gluon scattering at tree level we show explicitly that the t-channel pole can be described exactly as a contraction of two local currents. Furthermore, we demonstrate that out of eight non-zero helicity possibilities, only two suppressed channels have contributions that are not pure, factorised t-channel poles. We thereby extract a gauge-invariant definition for the t-channel current generated by the scattering of a gluon. This offers a slight improvement in the description of gluon scattering in the framework of arXiv:0908.2786 for the prediction of n-jet rates at hadron colliders.
description: 10 pages, 4 figures
Scalable random number generation for truncated log-concave distributions
Creators: name: Miniato, Lambardi di San
name: Michele
name: Pagui, Kenne
name: Clovis, Euloge
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Inverse transform sampling is an exceptionally general method to generate non-uniform-distributed random numbers, but can be rather unstable when simulating extremely truncated distributions. Many famous probability models share a property called log-concavity, which is not affected by truncation, so they can all be simulated via rejection sampling using Devroye's approach. This sampler is based on rejection and thus more stable than inverse transform, and uses a very simple envelope whose acceptance rate is guaranteed to be at least 20\%. The aim of this paper is threefold: firstly, to warn against the risk of wrongly simulating from truncated distributions; secondly, to motivate a more extensive use of rejection sampling to mitigate the issues; lastly, to motivate Devroye's automatic method as a practical standard in the case of log-concave distributions. We illustrate the proposal by means of simulations based on some Tweedie distributions, for their relevance in regression analysis.
description: 24 pages, 10 figures; for associated R package, see https://github.com/mlambardi/truncLCdist
Braids and crossed modules
Creators: name: Huebschmann, Johannes
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 20F36 57M05 57M20 57M25 18D50 18G55 20C08 55P48

description: We describe Artin's braid group on a (fixed) finite number of strings as a crossed module over itself. In particular, we interpret the braid relations as crossed module structure relations.
description: 18 pages
Mesoscopic description of hippocampal replay and metastability in spiking neural networks with short-term plasticity
Creators: name: Pietras, Bastian
name: Schmutz, Valentin
name: Schwalger, Tilo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Bottom-up models of functionally relevant patterns of neural activity provide an explicit link between neuronal dynamics and computation. A prime example of functional activity pattern is hippocampal replay, which is critical for memory consolidation. The switchings between replay events and a low-activity state in neural recordings suggests metastable neural circuit dynamics. As metastability has been attributed to noise and/or slow fatigue mechanisms, we propose a concise mesoscopic model which accounts for both. Crucially, our model is bottom-up: it is analytically derived from the dynamics of finite-size networks of Linear-Nonlinear Poisson neurons with short-term synaptic depression. As such, noise is explicitly linked to spike noise and network size, and fatigue is explicitly linked to synaptic dynamics. To derive the mesosocpic model, we first consider a homogeneous spiking neural network and follow the temporal coarse-graining approach of Gillespie ("chemical Langevin equation"), which can be naturally interpreted as a stochastic neural mass model. The Langevin equation is computationally inexpensive to simulate and enables a thorough study of metastable dynamics in classical setups (population spikes and Up-Down states dynamics) by means of phase-plane analysis. This stochastic neural mass model is the basic component of our mesoscopic model for replay. We show that our model faithfully captures the stochastic nature of individual replayed trajectories. Moreover, compared to the deterministic Romani-Tsodyks model of place cell dynamics, it exhibits a higher level of variability in terms of content, direction and timing of replay events, compatible with biological evidence and could be functionally desirable. This variability is the product of a new dynamical regime where metastability emerges from a complex interplay between finite-size fluctuations and local fatigue.
description: 43 pages, 8 figures
Higher order forward spin polarizability
Creators: name: Pasquini, B.
name: Pedroni, P.
name: Drechsel, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: As a guideline for future experiments to extract the four (leading) spin polarizabilities of the nucleon, we have constructed the forward amplitude for polarized Compton scattering by dispersion integrals. These integrals have been saturated by recently measured helicity-dependent photoabsorption cross sections as well as predictions for pion photoproduction multipoles from several phenomenological descriptions and chiral perturbation theory. The comparison of these results corroborates the strategy to extract the spin polarizabilities by fitting them to polarized Compton data and fixing all higher order spin effects by dispersion relations based on pion photoproduction multipoles.
description: 21 pages, 6 figures, 3 Tables; version to appear in Phys. Lett. B
Simulation of non-resonant stellarator divertor
Creators: name: Punjabi, Alkesh
name: Boozer, Allen H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An efficient numerical method of studying nonresonant stellarator divertors was introduced in Boozer and Punjabi [Phys. Plasmas 25, 092505 (2018)]. This method is used in this paper to study a different magnetic field model of a nonresonant divertor. The most novel and interesting finding of this study is that diffusive magnetic field lines can be distinguished from lines that exit through the primary and the secondary turnstile, and that below some diffusive velocity, all lines exit through only the primary turnstile. The footprints of each family are stellarator symmetric and have a fixed location on the wall for all velocities. The probability exponent of the primary turnstile is d1 = 9/4 and that of the secondary turnstile is d2 = 3/2. This study also addresses the issues of an inadequate separation of the chamber walls from the outermost confining magnetic surface and a marginal step size of the numerical integrations that could compromise the interpretation of the earlier results [Boozer and Punjabi, Phys. Plasmas 25, 092505 (2018)]. The previous value of d1 = 2 is within the error bar of d1 = 9/4 estimated here.
title: Fístulas perianales: hallazgos por imagen en RM y clasificación. ¿Qué necesita saber el cirujano?
Creators: name: Sánchez Muñoz, María Encarnación
Publisher: name: Sociedad Española de Radiología Médica
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Abdomen
subject: Soft tissues / Skin
subject: Gastrointestinal tract
subject: MR
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Fistula

description: Objetivo docente
Revisión del tema
Conclusiones
Bibliografía
description: Objetivo docente:
Describir la anatomía relevante de la región perianal,
el papel en la actualidad de la imagen por RM en el estudio de las fístulas perianales y presentar la clasificación actual de las mismas mediante una selección de casos diagnosticados en...
title: Compartimento iliopsoas: anatomía y patología frecuente e infrecuente
Creators: name: Sánchez Muñoz, María Encarnación
Publisher: name: Sociedad Española de Radiología Médica
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Pathology
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Ultrasound
subject: CT
subject: MR
subject: Anatomy
subject: Abdomen

description: Objetivo docente
Revisión del tema
Conclusiones
Bibliografía
description: Objetivo docente:
Describir la anatomía del compartimento iliopsoas y sus relaciones anatómicas.
Revisar la patología que puede afectar a este espacio y los hallazgos radiológicos en las distintas modalidades de imagen (US,
TC y RM) que permiten su...
Bayesian Physics-Informed Extreme Learning Machine for Forward and Inverse PDE Problems with Noisy Data
Creators: name: Liu, Xu
name: Yao, Wen
name: Peng, Wei
name: Zhou, Weien
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Physics-informed extreme learning machine (PIELM) has recently received significant attention as a rapid version of physics-informed neural network (PINN) for solving partial differential equations (PDEs). The key characteristic is to fix the input layer weights with random values and use Moore-Penrose generalized inverse for the output layer weights. The framework is effective, but it easily suffers from overfitting noisy data and lacks uncertainty quantification for the solution under noise scenarios.To this end, we develop the Bayesian physics-informed extreme learning machine (BPIELM) to solve both forward and inverse linear PDE problems with noisy data in a unified framework. In our framework, a prior probability distribution is introduced in the output layer for extreme learning machine with physic laws and the Bayesian method is used to estimate the posterior of parameters. Besides, for inverse PDE problems, problem parameters considered as new output layer weights are unified in a framework with forward PDE problems. Finally, we demonstrate BPIELM considering both forward problems, including Poisson, advection, and diffusion equations, as well as inverse problems, where unknown problem parameters are estimated. The results show that, compared with PIELM, BPIELM quantifies uncertainty arising from noisy data and provides more accurate predictions. In addition, BPIELM is considerably cheaper than PINN in terms of the computational cost.
Cellular gradient flow structure connects single-cell-level rules and population-level dynamics
Creators: name: Horiguchi, Shuhei A.
name: Kobayashi, Tetsuya J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: Cell Behavior (q-bio.CB)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: In multicellular systems, the single-cell behaviors should be coordinated consistently with the overall population dynamics and functions. However, the interrelation between single-cell rules and the population-level goal is still elusive. In this work, we reveal that these two levels are naturally connected via a gradient flow structure of the heterogeneous cellular population and that biologically prevalent single-cell rules such as unidirectional type-switching and hierarchical order in types emerge from this structure. We also demonstrate the gradient flow structure in a standard model of the T-cell immune response. This theoretical framework works as a basis for understanding multicellular dynamics and functions.
Self Dual Einstein Orbifolds with Few Symmetries as Quaternion Kaehler Quotients
Creators: name: Bisconti, Luca
name: Piccinni, Paolo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53C25; 53C26

description: We construct a new family of compact orbifolds with a positive self dual Einstein metric and a one-dimensional group of isometries. Together with another known family, these examples classify all 4-dimensional orbifolds that are quaternion Kaehler quotients by a torus of real Grassmannians.
description: 20 pages
title: Malleability of Preferences for Honesty
Creators: name: Abeler, Johannes
name: Falk, Armin
name: Kosse, Fabian
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
Year: 2021

description: Reporting private information is a key part of economic decision making. A recent litera-ture has found that many people have a preference for honest reporting, contrary to usualeconomic assumptions. In this paper, we investigate whether preferences for honesty aremalleable and what determines them. We experimentally measure preferences for honestyin a sample of children. As our main result, we provide causal evidence on the effect of thesocial environment by randomly enrolling children in a year-long mentoring programme.We find that, about four years after the end of the programme, mentored children aresignificantly more honest.
Oxide film Development on a Titanium Alloy Surface Exposed to a Physiological Solution
Creators: name: Obregon, Javier E
Publisher: name: University of Illinois at Chicago
Year: 2021
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Titanium and its alloys are widely used as components of human implants, due to their biocompatibility, osteointegration, mechanical properties and corrosion resistance. However, these biomaterials can degrade in time due to corrosion and wear in vivo. The high chloride and oxygen content in the human body fluids makes such environment highly aggressive for metal alloys. The passive surface oxide film that forms on the Ti alloys surface when it becomes in contact with the body fluids protects the metal from further corrosion. Standardized ASTM electrochemical methods used to assess the corrosion resistance have not been very successful to measure accurately corrosion rates of these alloys. In this research, changes in the open circuit times on their effect on the corrosion potential (Ecorr), corrosion current density (icorr), and pitting potential (Epit) are investigated to examine the kinetics during the development of the oxide film at the surface. A metallurgical characterization of a Ti alloy used for hip implant was first conducted. A series of open circuit potential measurements and potentiodynamic electrochemical tests in a phosphate buffered saline physiological solution were ran at room temperature, combined with electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) to gain a better understanding of the oxide film development and stability.
Extrinsic and Intrinsic Nonlinear Hall Effects across Berry-Dipole Transitions
Creators: name: Zhuang, Zheng-Yang
name: Yan, Zhongbo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Three-dimensional Hopf insulators are a class of topological phases beyond the tenfold-way classification. The critical point separating two rotation-invariant Hopf insulator phases with distinct Hopf invariants is quite different from the usual Dirac-type or Weyl-type critical points and uniquely characterized by a quantized Berry dipole. Close to such Berry-dipole transitions, we find that the extrinsic and intrinsic nonlinear Hall conductivity tensors in the weakly doped regime are characterized by two universal functions of the ratio between doping level and bulk energy gap, and are directly proportional to the change in Hopf invariant across the transition. Our work suggests that the nonlinear Hall effects display a general-sense quantized behavior across Berry-dipole transitions, establishing a correspondence between nonlinear Hall effects and Hopf invariant.
description: 6+9 pages. Supplemental materials are included in this version
High-resolution ALMA observations of V4046Sgr: a circumbinary disc with a thin ring
Creators: name: Martinez-Brunner, Rafael
name: Casassus, Simon
name: Pérez, Sebastián
name: Hales, Antonio
name: Weber, Philipp
name: Carcamo, Miguel
name: Arce-Tord, Carla
name: Cieza, Lucas
name: Garufi, Antonio
name: Marino, Sebastián
name: Zurlo, Alice
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The nearby V4046 Sgr spectroscopic binary hosts a gas-rich disc known for its wide cavity and dusty ring. We present high resolution ($\sim$20 mas or 1.4 au) ALMA observations of the 1.3mm continuum of V4046 Sgr which, combined with SPHERE--IRDIS polarised images and a well-sampled spectral energy distribution (SED), allow us to propose a physical model using radiative transfer (RT) predictions. The ALMA data reveal a thin ring at a radius of 13.15$\pm$0.42 au (Ring13), with a radial width of 2.46$\pm$0.56 au. Ring13 is surrounded by a $\sim$10 au-wide gap, and it is flanked by a mm-bright outer ring (Ring24) with a sharp inner edge at 24 au. Between 25 and $\sim$35 au the brightness of Ring24 is relatively flat and then breaks into a steep tail that reaches out to $\sim$60 au. In addition, central emission is detected close to the star which we interpret as a tight circumbinary ring made of dust grains with a lower size limit of 0.8 mm at 1.1 au. In order to reproduce the SED, the model also requires an inner ring at $\sim$5 au (Ring5) composed mainly of small dust grains, hiding under the IRDIS coronagraph, and surrounding the inner circumbinary disc. The surprisingly thin Ring13 is nonetheless roughly 10 times wider than its expected vertical extent. The strong near-far disc asymmetry at 1.65 $μ$m points at a very forward-scattering phase function and requires grain radii of no less than 0.4 $μ$m.
description: 11 pages, 7 figures
Geometry of Maurer-Cartan Elements on Complex Manifolds
Creators: name: Chen, Zhuo
name: Stienon, Mathieu
name: Xu, Ping
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 15A66, 17B63, 17B66, 53C15, 53D17, 55R65, 58A10

description: The semi-classical data attached to stacks of algebroids in the sense of Kashiwara and Kontsevich are Maurer-Cartan elements on complex manifolds, which we call extended Poisson structures as they generalize holomorphic Poisson structures. A canonical Lie algebroid is associated to each Maurer-Cartan element. We study the geometry underlying these Maurer-Cartan elements in the light of Lie algebroid theory. In particular, we extend Lichnerowicz-Poisson cohomology and Koszul-Brylinski homology to the realm of extended Poisson manifolds; we establish a sufficient criterion for these to be finite dimensional; we describe how homology and cohomology are related through the Evens-Lu-Weinstein duality module; and we describe a duality on Koszul-Brylinski homology, which generalizes the Serre duality of Dolbeault cohomology.
description: final version to appear in Comm. Math. Phys
iCompare: A Package for Automated Comparison of Solar System Integrators
Creators: name: Chernyavskaya, Maria
name: Juric, Mario
name: Moeyens, Joachim
name: Eggl, Siegfried
name: Jones, Lynne
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a tool for the comparison and validation of the integration packages suitable for Solar System dynamics. iCompare, written in Python, compares the ephemeris prediction accuracy of a suite of commonly-used integration packages (JPL/HORIZONS, OpenOrb, OrbFit at present). It integrates a set of test particles with orbits picked to explore both usual and unusual regions in Solar System phase space and compares the computed to reference ephemerides. The results are visualized in an intuitive dashboard. This allows for the assessment of integrator suitability as a function of population, as well as monitoring their performance from version to version (a capability needed for the Rubin Observatory's software pipeline construction efforts). We provide the code on GitHub with a readily runnable version in Binder (https://github.com/dirac-institute/iCompare).
description: 3 pages, 1 figure, accepted to RNAAS
High Precision Astrometry with MICADO at the European Extremely Large Telescope
Creators: name: Trippe, S.
name: Davies, R.
name: Eisenhauer, F.
name: Schreiber, N. M. Foerster
name: Fritz, T. K.
name: Genzel, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this article we identify and discuss various statistical and systematic effects influencing the astrometric accuracy achievable with MICADO, the near-infrared imaging camera proposed for the 42-metre European Extremely Large Telescope (E-ELT). These effects are instrumental (e.g. geometric distortion), atmospheric (e.g. chromatic differential refraction), and astronomical (reference source selection). We find that there are several phenomena having impact on ~100 micro-arcsec scales, meaning they can be substantially larger than the theoretical statistical astrometric accuracy of an optical/NIR 42m-telescope. Depending on type, these effects need to be controlled via dedicated instrumental design properties or via dedicated calibration procedures. We conclude that if this is done properly, astrometric accuracies of 40 micro-arcsec or better - with 40 micro-arcsec/year in proper motions corresponding to ~20 km/s at 100 kpc distance - can be achieved in one epoch of actual observations
description: 15 pages, 9 figures, 3 tables. Accepted by MNRAS