cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The spread of Bombus haematurus in Italy and its first DNA barcode reference sequence
Creators: name: Biella, Paolo
name: Galimberti, Andrea
Publisher: name: Fragmenta Entomologica
Year: 2020

description: Climate change and human activities are impacting species distribution, and thus, tracking species movements is a key aspect for their conservation and for understanding their biology. Among the bumblebees that are changing distribution, one of the most striking cases of a fast and natural range expansion is the eastern Mediterranean Bombus haematurus. Here we report the first Italian records of this species, with observations from the N-E Italy at a distance of 332 Km from the edge of the historical distribution. These are the westernmost known occurrences of this species and they are not far from a large series of records in several Central European countries of recent colonization. Here, we also obtained and made publicly available the reference COI barcode sequence of Bombus haematurus and shown that is significantly different from other similar species at this genetic marker. Coupling morphology, field-data and genetic identity should greatly improve the efficiency of tracking species movements and therefore also their knowledge in both recently colonized and historical areas.
description: Fragmenta Entomologica, Vol. 52 No. 1 (2020)
The Role of Mathematical and Verbal Skills on the Returns to Graduate and Professional Education
Creators: name: Song, Moohoun
name: Orazem, Peter F.
name: Wohlgemuth, Darin
name: Song, Moohoun
name: Orazem, Peter F.
name: Wohlgemuth, Darin
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Labor and Human Capital
subject: Postgraduate
subject: Rate of return
subject: Demand for schooling
subject: Quantitative skills
subject: Qualitative skills
subject: Sorting

description: Students in majors with higher average quantitative GRE scores are less likely to attend graduate school while students in majors with higher average verbal GRE scores are more likely to attend graduate school. This sorting effect means that students whose cognitive skills are associated with lower earnings at the bachelor’s level are the most likely to attend graduate school. As a result, there is a substantial downward bias in estimated returns to graduate education. Correcting for the sorting effect raises estimated annualized returns to a Master’s or doctoral degree from about 5% to 7.3% and 12.8% respectively. Estimated returns to professional degrees rise from 13.9% to 16.6%. These findings correspond to a large increase in relative earnings received by postgraduate degree holders in the United States over the past 20 years.
New and interesting records of jewel and longhorn beetles from Abruzzo, Lazio and Molise National Park, Italy (Coleoptera: Buprestidae and Cerambycidae)
Creators: name: Sakalian, Vladimir
name: Migliaccio, Enrico
name: Tassi, Franco
name: Doychev, Danail
name: Georgiev, Georgi
Publisher: name: Fragmenta Entomologica
Year: 2020

description: The present article lists distributional data about 19 taxa, which are new records for the Abruzzo, Lazio and Molise National Park, respectively – 16 jewel and 3 longhorn beetles. Data about 4 Italian endemics (2 buprestids and 2 cerambycids) are listed, and the category of risk according to the Italian IUCN Red Lists is also indicated for each species (when available); among the listed species, 1 is Endangered, 1 is Near threatened and 27 are Least concern.
description: Fragmenta Entomologica, Vol. 52 No. 1 (2020)
An empirical calibration of the mixing-length parameter alpha
Creators: name: Ferraro, F. R.
name: Valenti, E.
name: Straniero, O.
name: Origlia, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an empirical calibration of the Mixing-Length free parameter $α$ based on a homogeneous Infrared database of 28 Galactic globular clusters spanning a wide metallicity range (-2.15$
description: 15 pages, 3 figures, ApJ in press
Magneto-transport characteristics of La1.4Ca1.6Mn2O7 thin film deposited by spray pyrolysis
Creators: name: Siwach, P. K.
name: Singh, H. K.
name: Srivastava, O. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Polycrystalline thin films of double layer manganite La_1.4Ca_1.6Mn_2O_7 (DLCMO) have been deposited by nebulized spray pyrolysis on single crystal LaAlO_3 substrates. These single phase films having grain size in the range 70-100 nm exhibit ferromagnetic transition at T_C ~ 107K. The short range ferromagnetic ordering due to in plane spin coherence is evidenced to occur at a higher temperature around 225 K. Insulator/semiconductor to metal transition occurs at a lower temperature T_P ~ 55K. The transport mechanism above T_C is of Mott`s variable range hopping type. Below T_C the current-voltage characteristics show non-linear behaviour that becomes stronger with decreasing temperature. At low temperatures below T_CA ~ 30K a magnetically frustrated spin canted state is observed. The DLCMO films exhibit resonable low field magnetoresistance and at 77K the magnetoresistance ratio is ~ 5% at 0.6 kOe and \~ 13% at 3 kOe.
description: 14 pages, 7 figures
The tune of the universe: the role of plasma in tests of strong-field gravity
Creators: name: Cardoso, Vitor
name: Guo, Wen-di
name: Macedo, Caio F. B.
name: Pani, Paolo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Gravitational-wave astronomy, together with precise pulsar timing and long baseline interferometry, is changing our ability to perform tests of fundamental physics with astrophysical observations. Some of these tests are based on electromagnetic probes or electrically charged bodies, and assume an empty universe. However, the cosmos is filled with plasma, a dilute medium which prevents the propagation of low-frequency, small-amplitude electromagnetic waves. We show that the plasma hinders our ability to perform some strong-field gravity tests, in particular: (i)~nonlinear plasma effects dramatically quench plasma-driven superradiant instabilities; (ii)~the contribution of electromagnetic emission to the inspiral of charged black hole binaries is strongly suppressed; (iii)~electromagnetic-driven secondary modes, although present in the spectrum of charged black holes, are excited to negligible amplitude in the gravitational-wave ringdown signal. The last two effects are relevant also in the case of massive fields that propagate in vacuum and can jeopardize tests of modified theories of gravity containing massive degrees of freedom.
description: 12 pages, RevTex4. v3: improved discussion and minor corrections. Version published in MNRAS
Morphometric differences in populations of Nebria kratteri Dejean and Boisduval, 1830 from two old forests in Calabria (Coleoptera, Carabidae)
Creators: name: Talarico, Federica
name: Mazzei, Antonio
name: Gangale, Carmen
name: Scrivano, Giorgia
name: Brandmayr, Pietro
Publisher: name: Fragmenta Entomologica
Year: 2020

description: In carabid beetles, several morphometric parameters may vary from one habitat to another. Body size is one of the most important traits in animals because it directly relates to fitness and changes across latitudinal and altitudinal gradients. In this paper, we compare two populations of Nebria kratteri (Coleoptera, Carabidae) sampled in two old forest sites of the Sila Mountain in Calabria. The specimens show significant differences in all morphometric parameters measured, the larger size at one site could be related to intraspecific competition.
description: Fragmenta Entomologica, Vol. 52 No. 1 (2020)
Organization of wood elements in partially oriented flakeboard mats
Creators: name: Lu, Congjin
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Partially oriented flakeboard mats play a significant role in commercial flake-based products, such as three-layered oriented strand board (OSB). The study presented in this thesis mathematically investigates the structure of partially oriented flakeboard mats. To better understand the nature of the structures of flakeboard mats, a simulation program Winmat®, based on the Monte Carlo technique, has been written to compute the horizontal distribution of overlap and density, free flake length and its distribution, number of flake crossings, the location and distribution of void sizes, the autocorrelation function, variance function and the degree of orientation of flakes in both simulated mats and experimental mats. This program can also determine the effect of sampling zone sizes on the density/overlap distribution. In the model development, flake position was considered to be random. The orientation angle of the flake was assumed to be random following either the Von Mises distribution or the uniform distribution. A mathematical model based on these distributions was developed. The autocorrelation function and variance function of the horizontal density distribution were investigated at different k values and θ angles. The characteristic area concept from random field theory was first introduced to evaluate the degree of orientation of the flakes in a mat. In the process of estimating the degree of orientation of a flakeboard, the horizontal density distribution is needed to compute the autocorrelation function and the characteristic area. A non-destructive method, X-ray scanning technique, was used to determine the density profiles from experimental flakeboard mats. A model that maps X-ray voltage levels to overlaps and/or density was presented and discussed. The density and overlap were found to be a logarithm function of the X-ray intensity ratio (Io/I: the intensity of the incident radiation to the intensity of radiation at location (x, y) in a mat). A study of the relationships between thickness swelling and mat structure in robot-formed flakeboard mats made without wax was conducted under 95% and 90% relative humidity conditions and 24-hour water soaking tests. A model describing such relationships was established for two relative humidity conditions. With this model the thickness swelling of flakeboard mats (without wax) can be predicted, provided that the amount of moisture absorbed and the density distribution of the mat are known. Finally, a case study was presented to demonstrate the application of the models developed in the thesis. Two kinds of mats, partially oriented flakeboard mats and OSB mats, of size 2440 mm x 1220 mm were simulated and characterized. Their density/overlap profiles and degree of orientations were then compared with a commercial OSB panel whose density profile was obtained by X-ray scanning technique. The thickness swelling values of these simulated mats were predicted and the degree of orientation of the commercial OSB panel was presented.
Expanding the European distribution limits of Bruchidius raddianae. First record in Portugal from Vachellia karroo’s infested seeds (Coleoptera: Bruchidae; Fabales: Fabaceae)
Creators: name: López-Núñez, Francisco A.
name: Duarte, Liliana Neto
name: Ramos, Rafael Yus
name: Marchante, Elizabete
name: Marchante, Hélia
Publisher: name: Fragmenta Entomologica
Year: 2020

description: Several Australian and African Acacia shrubs and trees have been intentionally introduced into the Mediterranean basin for different purposes, but some species become invasive, such as Vachellia karroo (Hayne) Banfi and Galasso (syn. Acacia karroo) (Fabales: Fabaceae). The seed beetles, belonging to family Bruchidae, have a significant ecological and economic importance, either because they can be plant pests or, on the other hand, be used as biocontrol agents against invasive plant species. Bruchidius raddianae (Anton and Delobel, 2003) (Coleoptera: Bruchidae) is native to tropical and subtropical areas, but it has been recently reported from Cádiz and Málaga (southern Spain, 2007) and in the Lampedusa Island (Italy, 2015) from seeds of pods collected from V. karroo. This paper reports 104 specimens reared from seeds collected from V. karroo in Faro (southern Portugal) from August to October 2019, expanding the B. raddianae’ European distribution limits. This is also the first report of its presence in Portugal and the third in Europe.
description: Fragmenta Entomologica, Vol. 52 No. 1 (2020)
Rapid Robust Principal Component Analysis: CUR Accelerated Inexact Low Rank Estimation
Creators: name: Cai, HanQin
name: Hamm, Keaton
name: Huang, Longxiu
name: Li, Jiaqi
name: Wang, Tao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Robust principal component analysis (RPCA) is a widely used tool for dimension reduction. In this work, we propose a novel non-convex algorithm, coined Iterated Robust CUR (IRCUR), for solving RPCA problems, which dramatically improves the computational efficiency in comparison with the existing algorithms. IRCUR achieves this acceleration by employing CUR decomposition when updating the low rank component, which allows us to obtain an accurate low rank approximation via only three small submatrices. Consequently, IRCUR is able to process only the small submatrices and avoid expensive computing on the full matrix through the entire algorithm. Numerical experiments establish the computational advantage of IRCUR over the state-of-art algorithms on both synthetic and real-world datasets.
How Coupled are Decoupled Farm Payments? A Review of Coupling Mechanisms and the Evidence
Creators: name: Bhaskar, Arathi
name: Beghin, John C.
name: Bhaskar, Arathi
name: Beghin, John C.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Agricultural Finance
subject: Decoupling
subject: decoupled payments
subject: farm policy
subject: agricultural trade policy
subject: coupling
subject: direct payments
subject: CCP
subject: PFC
subject: SFP

description: This survey paper explores the literature on decoupling of farm programs that has emerged in the last 10 years. The paper identifies and assesses the various channels of potential coupling of decoupled farm payments and provides taxonomy of coupling mechanisms found in theoretical and empirical papers. Coupling of decoupled payments is pervasive but effects when measurable are small, with the exception of the impact on land values. The paper points to unresolved issues on potential coupling mechanisms for further research.
A new species of Fredlanea Martins and Galileo, 1996 from Peruvian Andes (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae, Lamiinae, Hemilophini)
Creators: name: Juarez-Noé, Gino
name: Gonzalez-Coronado, Uzbekia
Publisher: name: Fragmenta Entomologica
Year: 2020

description: A new species of genus Fredlanea Martins and Galileo, 1996 is described from Peru: Fredlanea wilderi sp. nov., based on a specimen collected from the Cuyas cloud forest in Piura region, important mountain rainforest of Peruvian Andes. The new taxon is closely related to Fredlanea guaranitica (Lane, 1966) but can be distinguished by presence of yellowish pubescence on proepisterna, mesepimera and metepisterna, and absence of longitudinal strip of yellow pubescence on epipleural margins. A key to Peruvian species of Fredlanea Martins and Galileo, 1996 is provided.
description: Fragmenta Entomologica, Vol. 52 No. 1 (2020)
A determination of the Spectra of Galactic components observed by WMAP
Creators: name: Davies, R. D.
name: Dickinson, C.
name: Banday, A. J.
name: Jaffe, T. R.
name: Gorski, K. M.
name: Davis, R. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: WMAP data when combined with ancillary data on free-free, synchrotron and dust allow an improved understanding of the spectrum of emission from each of these components. Here we examine the sky variation at intermediate latitudes using a cross-correlation technique. In particular, we compare the observed emission in 15 selected sky regions to three ``standard'' templates. The free-free emission of the diffuse ionised gas is fitted by a well-known spectrum at K and Ka band, but the derived emissivity corresponds to a mean electron temperature of ~4000-5000K. This is inconsistent with estimates from galactic HII regions. The origin of the discrepancy is unclear. The anomalous emission associated with dust is clearly detected in most of the 15 fields studied; it correlates well with the Finkbeiner et al. model 8 predictions (FDS8) at 94 GHz, with an effective spectral index between 20 and 60GHz of -2.85. Furthermore, the emissivity varies by a factor of ~2 from cloud to cloud. A modestly improved fit to the anomalous dust at K-band is provided by modulating the template by an estimate of the dust colour temperature, specifically FDS8*T^n. We find a preferred value n~1.6. The synchrotron emission steepens between GHz frequencies and the WMAP bands. There are indications of spectral index variations across the sky but the current data are not precise enough to accurately quantify this from region to region. Our analysis of the WMAP data indicates strongly that the dust-correlated emission at the low WMAP frequencies has a spectrum which is compatible with spinning dust; we find no evidence for a synchrotron component correlated with dust (abridged).
description: 18 pages, 6 figures, revised version uses cross-correlation method rather than T-T method. Paper re-organised and sent back to referee
6 GHz hyperfast rotation of an optically levitated nanoparticle in vacuum
Creators: name: Jin, Yuanbin
name: Yan, Jiangwei
name: Rahman, Shah Jee
name: Li, Jie
name: Yu, Xudong
name: Zhang, Jing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report an experimental observation of a record-breaking ultra-high rotation frequency about 6 GHz in an optically levitated nanoparticle system. We optically trap a nanoparticle in the gravity direction with a high numerical aperture (NA) objective lens, which shows significant advantages in compensating the influences of the scattering force and the photophoretic force on the trap, especially at intermediate pressure (about 100 Pa). This allows us to trap a nanoparticle from atmospheric to low pressure ($10^{-3}$ Pa) without using feedback cooling. We measure a highest rotation frequency about 4.3 GHz of the trapped nanoparticle without feedback cooling and a 6 GHz rotation with feedback cooling, which is the fastest mechanical rotation ever reported to date. Our work provides useful guides for efficiently observing hyperfast rotation in the optical levitation system, and may find various applications such as in ultrasensitive torque detection, probing vacuum friction, and testing unconventional decoherence theories.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures
Economies of Scope in the Management of Mulitple Species Fisheries
Creators: name: Singh, Rajesh
name: Weninger, Quinn
name: Singh, Rajesh
name: Weninger, Quinn
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: scope economies
subject: multiple species management
subject: costly targeting

description: This paper considers the problem of multiple-species fishery management when targeting individual species is costly and at-sea discards of fish by fishermen are unobserved by the regulator. A dynamic model is developed to balance the ecological interdependencies among multiple fish species, and the technological interdependence which captures costly targeting. Stock conditions, ecosystem interaction, technological specification, and relative prices under which at sea discards are acute are identified. Three regulatory regimes, species-specific harvest quotas, landing taxes, and revenue quotas, are contrasted against a hypothetical sole owner problem. An optimal plan under any of these regimes precludes discarding. For both very low and very high degrees of technological interdependence, first best welfare is close to that achieved through regulation. In general, landing taxes welfare dominate species-specific quota regulation; a revenue quota fares the worst.
First record of the ant Formica clara in the Iberian Peninsula (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)
Creators: name: Arcos, Javier
Publisher: name: Fragmenta Entomologica
Year: 2020

description: The ant F. clara is reported from two localities in Barcelona (NE Iberian Peninsula), representing the southernmost record of the species in Southwestern Europe. Foraging workers were manually collected from both undisturbed and disturbed habitats. Its separation from the similar species F. cunicularia and F. rufibarbis in the Iberian Peninsula is discussed.
description: Fragmenta Entomologica, Vol. 52 No. 1 (2020)
Transformers in Vision: A Survey
Creators: name: Khan, Salman
name: Naseer, Muzammal
name: Hayat, Munawar
name: Zamir, Syed Waqas
name: Khan, Fahad Shahbaz
name: Shah, Mubarak
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Astounding results from Transformer models on natural language tasks have intrigued the vision community to study their application to computer vision problems. Among their salient benefits, Transformers enable modeling long dependencies between input sequence elements and support parallel processing of sequence as compared to recurrent networks e.g., Long short-term memory (LSTM). Different from convolutional networks, Transformers require minimal inductive biases for their design and are naturally suited as set-functions. Furthermore, the straightforward design of Transformers allows processing multiple modalities (e.g., images, videos, text and speech) using similar processing blocks and demonstrates excellent scalability to very large capacity networks and huge datasets. These strengths have led to exciting progress on a number of vision tasks using Transformer networks. This survey aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the Transformer models in the computer vision discipline. We start with an introduction to fundamental concepts behind the success of Transformers i.e., self-attention, large-scale pre-training, and bidirectional encoding. We then cover extensive applications of transformers in vision including popular recognition tasks (e.g., image classification, object detection, action recognition, and segmentation), generative modeling, multi-modal tasks (e.g., visual-question answering, visual reasoning, and visual grounding), video processing (e.g., activity recognition, video forecasting), low-level vision (e.g., image super-resolution, image enhancement, and colorization) and 3D analysis (e.g., point cloud classification and segmentation). We compare the respective advantages and limitations of popular techniques both in terms of architectural design and their experimental value. Finally, we provide an analysis on open research directions and possible future works.
description: 30 pages (Accepted in ACM Computing Surveys December 2021)
[Elicitation of sentences, vocabulary, story of owl]
Creators: name: Cortés López, Don Pascual
name: García Cortés, María Agustina
name: McFarland, Teresa
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: tlp

description: 1 WAV file. Corresponds to pp. 82-95 of related field notes. Transcription and translation of story is on pp. 94-95.
Vacuum force on an atom in a magnetodielectric cavity
Creators: name: Tomas, M. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate that, according to a recently suggested Lorentz-force approach to the Casimir effect, the vacuum force on an atom embedded in a material cavity differs substantially from the force on an atom of the cavity medium. The force on an embedded atom is of the familiar (van der Waals and Casimir-Polder) type, however, more strongly modified by the cavity medium than usually considered. The force on an atom of the cavity medium is of the medium-assisted force type with rather unusual properties, as demonstrated very recently [M. S. Tomas, Phys. Rev. A 71, 060101(R) (2005)]. This implies similar properties of the vacuum force between two atoms in a medium.
description: RevTeX 4, 4 pages, 1 eps figure, corrected and slightly revised
Schooling in Developing Countries: The Roles of Supply, Demand and Government Policy
Creators: name: Orazem, Peter F.
name: Kling, Elizabeth M.
name: Orazem, Peter F.
name: Kling, Elizabeth M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: Labor and Human Capital

description: In developing countries, rising incomes, increased demand for more skilled labor, and government investments of considerable resources on building and equipping schools and paying teachers have contributed to global convergence in enrollment rates and completed years of schooling. Nevertheless, in many countries substantial education gaps persist between rich and poor, between rural and urban households and between males and females. To address these gaps, some governments have introduced school vouchers or cash transfers programs that are targeted to disadvantaged children. Others have initiated programs to attract or retain students by expanding school access or by setting higher teacher eligibility requirements or increasing the number of textbooks per student. While enrollments have increased, there has not been a commensurate improvement in knowledge and skills of students. Establishing the impact of these policies and programs requires an understanding of the incentives and constraints faced by all parties involved, the school providers, the parents and the children. The chapter reviews the economic literature on the determinants of schooling outcomes and schooling gaps with a focus on static and dynamic household responses to specific policy initiatives, perceived economic returns and other incentives. It discusses measurement and estimation issues involved with empirically testing these models and reviews findings. Governments have increasingly adopted the practice of experimentation and evaluation before taking steps to expand new policies. Often pilot programs are initiated in settings that are atypically appropriate for the program, so that the results overstate the likely impact of expanding the program to other settings. Program expansion can also result in general equilibrium feedback effects that do not apply to isolated pilots. These behavioral models provide a useful context within which to frame the likely outcomes of such expansion.
Structure, spin correlations and magnetism of the $S = 1/2$ square-lattice antiferromagnet Sr$_2$CuTe$_{1-x}$W$_x$O$_6$ ($0 \leq x \leq 1$)
Creators: name: Mustonen, Otto H. J.
name: Fogh, Ellen
name: Paddison, Joseph A. M.
name: Mangin-Thro, Lucile
name: Hansen, Thomas
name: Playford, Helen
name: Diaz-Lopez, Maria
name: Babkevich, Peter
name: Vasala, Sami
name: Karppinen, Maarit
name: Cussen, Edmund J.
name: Rønnow, Henrik M.
name: Walker, Helen C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum spin liquids are highly entangled magnetic states with exotic properties. The $S = 1/2$ square-lattice Heisenberg model is one of the foundational models in frustrated magnetism with a predicted, but never observed, quantum spin liquid state. Isostructural double perovskites Sr$_2$CuTeO$_6$ and Sr$_2$CuWO$_6$ are physical realizations of this model, but have distinctly different types magnetic order and interactions due to a $d^{10}/d^0$ effect. Long-range magnetic order is suppressed in the solid solution Sr$_2$CuTe$_{1-x}$W$_x$O$_6$ in a wide region of $x = 0.05-0.6$, where the ground state has been proposed to be a disorder-induced spin liquid. Here we show that the spin-liquid-like $x = 0.2$ and $x = 0.5$ samples have distinctly different local spin correlations, which suggests they have different ground states. Furthermore, the previously ignored interlayer coupling between the square-planes is likely to play a role in the suppression of magnetic order on the W-rich side at $x \approx 0.6$. These results highlight the complex magnetism of Sr$_2$CuTe$_{1-x}$W$_x$O$_6$ and hint at a new quantum critical point at $x \approx 0.3$.
description: 19+8 pages, 6+8 figures
Defensive Weapons and Star Wars: A Supergame with Optimal Punishments
Creators: name: Giacomello, Giampiero
name: Lambertini, Luca
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2011
Subjects: SECS-P/01 Economia politica

description: We model the perspective faced by nuclear powers involved in a supergame where nuclear deterrence is used to stabilise peace. This setting allows us to investigate the bearings of defensive weapons on the effectiveness of deterrence and peace stability, relying on one-shot optimal punishments. We find that the sustainability of peace is unaffected by defensive shields if both countries have them, while a unilateral endowment of such weapons has destabilising consequences.
An Analytical Solution of the Balitsky-Kovchegov Equation with the Homogeneous Balance Method
Creators: name: Wang, Xiaopeng
name: Yang, Yirui
name: Kou, Wei
name: Wang, Rong
name: Chen, Xurong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Nonlinear QCD evolution equations are essential tools in understanding the saturation of partons at small Bjorken $x_{\rm B}$, as they are supposed to restore an upper bound of unitarity for the cross section of high energy scattering. In this paper, we present an analytical solution of Balitsky-Kovchegov (BK) equation using the homogeneous balance method. The obtained analytical solution is similar to the solution of a traveling wave. By matching the gluon distribution in the dilute region which is determined from the global analysis of experimental data (CT14 analysis), we get a definitive solution of the dipole-proton forward scattering amplitude in the momentum space. Based on the acquired scattering amplitude and the behavior of geometric scaling, we present also a new estimated saturation scale $Q_s^2(x)$.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures
Regulating Environmental Externalities Through Public Firms: A Differential Game
Creators: name: Dragone, Davide
name: Lambertini, Luca
name: Palestini, Arsen
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2011
Subjects: SECS-P/01 Economia politica

description: We investigate the possibility of using public firms to regulate polluting emissions in a Cournot oligopoly where production takes place at constant returns to scale and entails a negative environmental externality. We model the problem as a differential game and investigate (i) the Cournot-Nash game among profit-seeking firms; (ii) the Markov Perfect Nash equilibrium under social planning, where the industry output is entirely controlled by a benevolent planner aiming at the maximisation of social welfare; and (iii) the Markov Perfect Nash equilibrium in a mixed setup where at least one firm is public, while the others remain profit-seeking agents. Our analysis identifies the conditions whereby having a mixed market as a regulatory instrument suffices to drive the industry to the same output, externality and social welfare as under planning, both along the optimal path and in steady state.
The Dynamics of Disease in a Regulated Vertically Differentiated Health System
Creators: name: Lambertini, Luca
name: Tampieri, Alessandro
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2011
Subjects: SECS-P/01 Economia politica

description: We build up a differential game to investigate the interplay between the quality of health care and the presence of an evolving disease in a duopoly where patients are heterogeneous along the income dimension. We prove unicity, stability and perfection of the open-loop Nash solution. Moreover, we identify the admissible parameter region wherein price regulation achieves the twofold objectives of ensuring cares to all patients and eradicating the disease.
Individual support for economic and political changes: Evidence from transition countries, 1991-2004
Creators: name: Rovelli, Riccardo
name: Zaiceva, Anzelika
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2011
Subjects: SECS-P/01 Economia politica

description: Using a unique dataset for 14 transition economies, we propose a new measure for individual evaluations of transitional reforms, which we use to study, for the first time, the evolution of support for economic and political reforms from 1991 to 2004. We show that support for economic changes has been increasing over time after an initial drop, while support for political reforms has generally been higher. Support attitudes are lower among the old, less skilled, unemployed, poor, and those living in the CIS countries, especially during the 1990s. We also find evidence that transition-related hardship, opinions on the speed of reforms, political preferences and preferences towards redistribution, ideology and social capital matter. Finally, we show that individual preferences for state ownership and the quality of political institutions contribute mostly to explaining the lower levels of support in the CIS countries.
Rediscovery of a species considered to be extinct in the Pollino massif (Calabria, Italy): Erebia gorge (Hübner, [1804]) (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae)
Creators: name: Piazzini, Sandro
name: Favilli, Leonardo
Publisher: name: Fragmenta Entomologica
Year: 2020

description: After about 40 years, the presence of Erebia gorge (Hübner, [1804]) has been reconfirmed in the Pollino massif (Calabria, Italy). In July 2019, two specimens (1 ♂ and 1 ♀) were captured in the zone of Monte Pollino cliffs on the east face of the massif at a height of 1990 m. Given the isolation of the population at the southernmost limit of the species’ range, and the fact that this population is seriously threatened by global climate change, it would be of great value to conduct an exhaustive study of the distribution of the species throughout Pollino and of the genetic characteristics of this local population that could differ substantially from other Italian and European populations.
description: Fragmenta Entomologica, Vol. 52 No. 1 (2020)
Epitaxial Growth of Multiferroic YMnO3 on GaN
Creators: name: Posadas, A.
name: Yau, J. -B.
name: Han, J.
name: Ahn, C. H.
name: Gariglio, S.
name: Johnston, K.
name: Neaton, J. B.
name: Rabe, K. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, we report on the epitaxial growth of multiferroic YMnO3 on GaN. Both materials are hexagonal with a nominal lattice mismatch of 4%, yet x-ray diffraction reveals an unexpected 30 degree rotation between the unit cells of YMnO3 and GaN that results in a much larger lattice mismatch (10%) compared to the unrotated case. Estimates based on first principles calculations show that the bonding energy gained from the rotated atomic arrangement compensates for the increase in strain energy due to the larger lattice mismatch. Understanding the energy competition between chemical bonding energy and strain energy provides insight into the heteroepitaxial growth mechanisms of complex oxide-semiconductor systems.
description: 12 pages, 3 figures
Identification of novel genetic alterations in pediatric cytogenetically normal acute myeloid leukemia by next-generation sequencing
Creators: name: Togni, Marco <1986>
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2015
Subjects: MED/38 Pediatria generale e specialistica

description: Pediatric acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a molecularly heterogeneous disease that arises from genetic alterations in pathways that regulate self-renewal and myeloid differentiation. While the majority of patients carry recurrent chromosomal translocations, almost 20% of childhood AML do not show any recognizable cytogenetic alteration and are defined as cytogenetically normal (CN)-AML. CN-AML patients have always showed a great variability in response to therapy and overall outcome, underlining the presence of unknown genetic changes, not detectable by conventional analyses, but relevant for pathogenesis, and outcome of AML. The development of novel genome-wide techniques such as next-generation sequencing, have tremendously improved our ability to interrogate the cancer genome. Based on this background, the aim of this research study was to investigate the mutational landscape of pediatric CN-AML patients negative for all the currently known somatic mutations reported in AML through whole-transcriptome sequencing (RNA-seq). RNA-seq performed on diagnostic leukemic blasts from 19 pediatric CN-AML cases revealed a considerable incidence of cryptic chromosomal rearrangements, with the identification of 21 putative fusion genes. Several of the fusion genes that were identified in this study are recurrent and might have a prognostic and/or therapeutic relevance. A paradigm of that is the CBFA2T3-GLIS2 fusion, which has been demonstrated to be a common alteration in pediatric CN-AML, predicting poor outcome. Important findings have been also obtained in the identification of novel therapeutic targets. On one side, the identification of NUP98-JARID1A fusion suggests the use of disulfiram; on the other, here we describe alteration-activating tyrosine kinases, providing functional data supporting the use of tyrosine kinase inhibitors to specifically inhibit leukemia cells. This study provides new insights in the knowledge of genetic alterations underlying pediatric AML, defines novel prognostic markers and putative therapeutic targets, and prospectively ensures a correct risk stratification and risk-adapted therapy also for the “all-neg” AML subgroup.
Xanthochroina Ganglbauer, 1881, a new genus of Oedemeridae for the Italian fauna (Coleoptera)
Creators: name: Bologna, Marco A.
name: Badano, Davide
name: Poloni, Riccardo
Publisher: name: Fragmenta Entomologica
Year: 2020

description: In this paper is reported for the first time with certainty the presence in Italy of the genus Xanthochroina, exhibiting a Holarctic discontinuous distribution. The Mediterranean species X. auberti is recorded from western Liguria and information on the range of the species is updated.
description: Fragmenta Entomologica, Vol. 52 No. 1 (2020)
Statistical Ensembles with Fluctuating Extensive Quantities
Creators: name: Gorenstein, M. I.
name: Hauer, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We suggest an extension of the standard concept of statistical ensembles. Namely, we introduce a class of ensembles with extensive quantities fluctuating according to an externally given distribution. As an example the influence of energy fluctuations on multiplicity fluctuations in limited segments of momentum space for a classical ultra-relativistic gas is considered.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures
Design and Synthesis of Naphthalene Diimides Based Small 
Molecules as Anticancer Agents: Targeting the Polyamine 
Transporter, G-quadruplex Structures and HDAC
Creators: name: Marchetti, Chiara <1987>
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2015
Subjects: CHIM/08 Chimica farmaceutica

description: Cancer is a multifactorial disease characterized by a very complex etiology. Basing on its complex nature, a promising therapeutic strategy could be based by the “Multi-Target-Directed Ligand” (MTDL) approach, based on the assumption that a single molecule could hit several targets responsible for the pathology.
Several agents acting on DNA are clinically used, but the severe deriving side effects limit their therapeutic application. G-quadruplex structures are DNA secondary structures located in key zones of human genome; targeting quadruplex structures could allow obtaining an anticancer therapy more free from side effects.
In the last years it has been proved that epigenetic modulation can control the expression of human genes, playing a crucial role in carcinogenesis and, in particular, an abnormal expression of histone deacetylase enzymes are related to tumor onset and progression.
This thesis deals with the design and synthesis of new naphthalene diimide (NDI) derivatives endowed with anticancer activity, interacting with DNA together with other targets implicated in cancer development, such as HDACs.
NDI-polyamine and NDI-polyamine-hydroxamic acid conjugates have been designed with the aim to provide potential MTDLs, in order to create molecules able simultaneously to interact with different targets involved in this pathology, specifically the G-quadruplex structures and HDAC, and to exploit the polyamine transport system to get selectively into cancer cells. 
Macrocyclic NDIs have been designed with the aim to improve the quadruplex targeting profile of the disubstituted NDIs. These compounds proved the ability to induce a high and selective stabilization of the quadruplex structures, together with cytotoxic activities in the micromolar range.
Finally, trisubstituted NDIs have been developed as G-quadruplex-binders, potentially effective against pancreatic adenocarcinoma. 
In conclusion, all these studies may represent a promising starting point for the development of new interesting molecules useful for the treatment of cancer, underlining the versatility of the NDI scaffold.
Revisiting the (110) Surface Structure of TiO2: A Detailed Theoretical Analysis
Creators: name: Thompson, Scott J.
name: Lewis, Steven P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A detailed reexamination of the (110) surface structure of rutile TiO2 has been carried out using first-principles total-energy methods. This investigation is in response to a recent high-precision LEED-IV measurement revealing certain significant quantitative discrepancies between experiment and previous theoretical calculations. We have been able to resolve these discrepancies and achieve excellent quantitative agreement with experiment by judicious attention to reducing computational approximation errors. Our analysis also reveals that bond lengths converge much faster with slab thickness than do relaxed absolute atomic positions, which are the structural parameters typically reported in the literature for this and related systems. The effect this observation has on both the choice of slab models and the way in which surfaces structures should be reported for covalently bonded solids is discussed. Finally, the efficacy of freezing the lowest several atomic layers of TiO2 slab models in their bulk-like positions is examined.
description: This paper contains 5 pages, 2 figures, and 2 tables. A modified version has been added in response to referee comments, and the paper has been accepted as a Brief Report in Phys. Rev. B
Phonon redshift and Hubble friction in an expanding BEC
Creators: name: Eckel, Stephen
name: Jacobson, Ted
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We revisit the theoretical analysis of an expanding ring-shaped Bose-Einstein condensate. Starting from the action and integrating over dimensions orthogonal to the phonon's direction of travel, we derive an effective one-dimensional wave equation for azimuthally-travelling phonons. This wave equation shows that expansion redshifts the phonon frequency at a rate determined by the effective azimuthal sound speed, and damps the amplitude of the phonons at a rate given by $\dot{\cal V}/{\cal V}$, where $\cal{V}$ is the volume of the background condensate. This behavior is analogous to the redshifting and "Hubble friction" for quantum fields in the expanding universe and, given the scalings with radius determined by the shape of the ring potential, is consistent with recent experimental and theoretical results. The action-based dimensional reduction methods used here should be applicable in a variety of settings, and are well suited for systematic perturbation expansions.
description: Typos fixed, minor clarifications, version published in SciPost
The early stages of Miomantis binotata and their bearing on the question whether ant mimicry is a larval feature of first stage praying mantises (Mantodea: Mantidae)
Creators: name: Haug, Joachim T.
name: Winder, Veronika
name: Ilic, Maja
name: Haug, Gideon T.
name: Haug, Carolin
Publisher: name: Fragmenta Entomologica
Year: 2020

description: Ant mimicry, i.e., the mimicking of ant workers by another organism, is a widespread phenomenon among different groups of Euarthropoda, including spiders and different insect species. One example of ant mimicry occurs among praying mantises (Mantodea); here the first stage nymphs have been recorded to perform ant mimicry. In this study, we investigated different nymphal instars of Miomantis binotata for possible morphological similarities to ants. The different instars were compared as stages supposed to perform ant mimicry would differ morphologically from those stages not supposed to resemble ants. The specimens were investigated under different microscopic settings and measurements were performed. Our results do not show significant differences concerning morphological measurements or shape of structures between the different nymphal instars of M. binotata. One prominent difference between stage one nymphs and later stages occurs in the colouration of the body, which is very dark in the earliest nymph. This difference might explain why young nymphs of Miomantis binotata are interpreted as ant-mimicking, despite the apparent lack of other morphological resemblances.
description: Fragmenta Entomologica, Vol. 52 No. 1 (2020)
SIMPLE Dark Matter Search Results
Creators: name: Girard, TA
name: Giuliani, F.
name: Morlat, T.
name: da Costa, M. Felizardo
name: Collar, J. I.
name: Limagne, D.
name: Waysand, G.
name: Puibasset, J.
name: Miley, H. S.
name: Auguste, M.
name: Boyer, D.
name: Cavaillou, A.
name: Marques, J. G.
name: Oliveira, C.
name: Felizardo, M.
name: Fernandes, A. C.
name: Ramos, A. R.
name: Martins, R. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report an improved SIMPLE experiment comprising four superheated droplet detectors with a total exposure of 0.42 kgd. The result yields ~ factor 10 improvement in the previously-reported results, and -- despite the low exposure -- is seen to provide restrictions on the allowed phase space of spin-dependent coupling strengths almost equivalent to those from the significantly larger exposure NAIADCDMS/ZEPLIN searches.
description: 8 pages, 2 figures, submitted to Phys. Lett. B
New critical frontiers for the Potts and percolation models
Creators: name: Wu, F. Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We obtain the critical threshold for a host of Potts and percolation models on lattices having a structure which permits a duality consideration. The consideration generalizes the recently obtained thresholds of Scullard and Ziff for bond and site percolation on the martini and related lattices to the Potts model and to other lattices.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures