cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Magellanic Cloud Gravitational Microlensing Results: What Do They Mean?
Creators: name: Bennett, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: I review recent results from gravitational microlensing surveys of the Large Magellanic Cloud. The combined microlensing optical depth of the MACHO and EROS-1 surveys is tau_LMC = 2.1{+1.3/-0.8}* 10^{-7} which is substantially larger than the background of tau < 0.5* 10^{-7} from lensing by known stars but is below the expected microlensing optical depth of tau = 4.7*10^{-7} for a halo composed entirely of Machos. The simplest interpretation of this result is that nearly half of the dark halo is composed of Machos with a typical mass of order 0.5 Msun. These Machos could be old white dwarfs, but it is not obvious that the generation of stars that preceded these white dwarfs could have gone undetected. Perhaps, the Machos could be non-baryonic, but there is no compelling model for the formation of non-baryonic Machos. Therefore, some authors have tried to develop alternative models which attempt to explain the LMC microlensing results with non-halo lenses. Many of these models postulate previously unknown dark stellar populations which contribute significantly to the total mass of the Galaxy and are therefore simply variations of the dark matter solution. However, models which postulate an unknown dwarf galaxy along the line of sight to the LMC or a distortion of the LMC which significantly enhances the LMC self-lensing optical depth can potentially explain the LMC lensing results with only a small amount of mass, so these can be regarded as true non-dark matter solutions to the Macho puzzle. All such models that have been proposed so far have serious problems, so there is as yet no compelling alternative to the dark matter interpretation. However, the problem can be solved observationally with a second generation gravitational microlensing survey that is significantly more sensitive than current microlensing surveys.
description: 12 pages, to appear in the Proceedings of the 3rd International Symposium on Sources and Detection of Dark Matter in the Universe (DM98), Feb. 1998, ed. D. Cline
Asymptotic symmetries of three-dimensional Chern-Simons gravity for the Maxwell algebra
Creators: name: Concha, Patrick
name: Merino, Nelson
name: Miskovic, Olivera
name: Rodríguez, Evelyn
name: Salgado-Rebolledo, Patricio
name: Valdivia, Omar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study a three-dimensional Chern-Simons gravity theory based on the Maxwell algebra. We find that the boundary dynamics is described by an enlargement and deformation of the $\mathfrak{bms}_3$ algebra with three independent central charges. This symmetry arises from a gravity action invariant under the local Maxwell group and is characterized by presence of Abelian generators which modify the commutation relations of the super-translations in the standard $\mathfrak{bms}_3$ algebra. Our analysis is based on the charge algebra of the theory in the BMS gauge, which includes the known solutions of standard asymptotically flat case. The field content of the theory is different than the one of General Relativity, but it includes all its geometries as particular solutions. In this line, we also study the stationary solutions of the theory in ADM form and we show that the vacuum energy and the vacuum angular momentum of the stationary configuration are influenced by the presence of the gravitational Maxwell field.
description: v3, 23 pages, introduction extended, minor correction, references added, Published version
A novel GNSS-based positioning system to support railway operations
Creators: name: Damy, Sophie
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2016

description: While railway relies on the knowledge of train position to manage operations, systems currently used to locate trains have a limited accuracy, which limits the network capacity. A positioning system combining Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) with additional sensors has the capability to provide high accuracy positioning information to support railway operations. However, to reach such accuracy, the different sources of error affecting GNSS measurements need to be mitigated. Among these error sources, multipath signals are a prime concern as they are particularly challenging to mitigate due to their high variability along the train path. The aim of this thesis is to mitigate the effect of multipath on GNSS code based single point positioning in the railway environment. To achieve this aim, the code multipath error in the railway environment is characterised. Measurement weighting techniques traditionally used to mitigate the effect of multipath on the positioning solution are investigated and a novel weighting method based on the train heading and the satellite position is developed and tested. The results show variable levels of performance, with no single method outperforming the rest along the entire track dataset analysed. In summary, the elevation and the new heading based methods are shown to complement each other, with the latter performing better (34% of the time) where there are trackside obstacles.
Methyl gallate from Camellia nitidissima Chi flowers reduces quorum sensing related virulence and biofilm formation against Aeromonas hydrophila
Creators: name: Jiang, Huan
name: Wang, Zhennan
name: Jia, Ai-Qun
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Aeromonas hydrophila, a Gram-negative zoonotic bacterium, causes high mortality in fish farming and immunocompromised patients. This study aimed to extract methyl gallate (MG) from the flowers of Camellia nitidissima Chi and evaluate its potential as a quorum sensing inhibitor (QSI) against Aeromonas hydrophila SHAe 115. MG reduced QS-associated virulence factors, including hemolysis, protease, and lipase, while impairing swimming motility and biofilm formation. Additionally, MG down-regulated positive regulatory genes (ahyR, fleQ) and up-regulated negative regulators (litR, fleN). This highlights MG's promise as a potent QSI for A. hydrophila SHAe 115, advancing strategies against infections in aquaculture and human health.
Formation of MACHO-Primordial Black Holes in Inflationary Cosmology
Creators: name: Yokoyama, Jun'ichi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: As a nonbaryonic explanation of massive compact halo objects, a phenomenological model is presented which predicts formation of primordial black holes at a desired mass scale. The required feature of initial density fluctuation is realized making use of the primordially isocurvature fluctuation generated in an inflationary universe model with multiple scalar fields.
description: 19 pages, Uji Reseach Center will move to the main campus on 9/18
A framework for sustainability assessment-based Multifunctional Analysis of Regions through Input-Output (MARIO)
Creators: name: Cortez-Lara, Pedro
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: MARIO
Building and Construction
Sustainability Assessment

description: Historically, building and construction sectors have played a significant role in the development of national economies all over the world. There is evidence that building, and construction (B&C) sectors plays a pivotal role in determining quality of life and is a key contribution determinant of cultural identity and heritage. However, over the last 30 years this sector has been the subject of several studies due to the high environmental impact. This paper present an adaptative framework based on Multifunctional Analysis of Regions through Input-Output (MARIO) in Mexico for environmental assessment. The study presents calculation of greenhouse and heavy metal emissions, and its relationship to health hazards. The result shows that the proposed framework has the potential to easily be implemented and the capability to assess all types of sectors. Furthermore, it provides a promising alternative for integral sustainability assessment for regions with lack of tools.
HST and MERLIN Observations of the Jet in 3C273
Creators: name: Bahcall, J. N.
name: Kirhakos, S.
name: Schneider, D. P.
name: Davis, R. J.
name: Muxlow, T. W. B.
name: Garrington, S. T.
name: Conway, R. G.
name: Unwin, S. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present red and blue images of the jet of the quasar 3C273 obtained with the WFPC2 on the Hubble Space Telescope as well as a new radio map made with the MERLIN array. The images are of significantly better quality than that of previous data. The two maps are aligned to an accuracy of 0.020$''$; this accuracy is achieved because both the quasar and the jet are contained in both the radio and optical images. The start of the optical jet is marked by an elongated knot which appears identical at radio and optical wavelengths. Other knots in the optical jet correspond to narrow oblique features within the radio outline. The total width of the smooth emission in the optical jet is~$0.7''$; the FWHM of the optical knots is~$0.3''$. The knots may trace the current location of a narrow, perhaps helical jet lying within the outlines of the older radio cocoon.
description: 9 pages, uuencoded postscript file, three postscript figures are available by anonymous ftp to ftp://eku.sns.ias.edu/pub/best/ as 3c273fig1.ps, 3c273fig2.ps, 3c273fig3.ps. To appear in ApJ Letters, October 1995
The in vitro interrogation of the immune system in pregnancy
Creators: name: Shah, Nishel
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2016

description: The maternal immune system is unique and complex due to the influence of maternal and fetal compartments on each other. Researchers have postulated mechanisms that enable the feto-placental unit to escape maternal immune recognition and maternal adaptations to protect the fetus. Despite these, pregnant women can mount strong immune responses to infecting organisms. In order to profile the changes observed in uncomplicated pregnancies, longitudinal peripheral blood including delivery and postnatal samples were obtained. In a separate cohort, labour peripheral blood, cord blood and myometrial samples were obtained. Combination of IFN-γ, IL-10, IL-4 and granzyme B ELISpot data, flow cytometry, and lymphoproliferative and multiplex assays were analysed. Collectively the data indicates an activated immune system (CD38, IFN-γ) during pregnancy, with simultaneous negative regulation of responder T cells (IL-10) that reverses in late pregnancy. Parturition is accompanied by a loss of Treg mediated tolerance with suppression of immune activation. In a further study patients receiving progesterone or RU486 treatment in pregnancy were recruited to study the immunological effects of progesterone. Data revealed progesterone reduces IFN-γ and granzyme B T cell responses in vitro. Achieving this by a combination of altered memory T cell antigen sensitivity (effector memory/EM, and terminally differentiated effector memory/TEMRA subsets), leukocyte migration (CCR3, CCR6), and negative regulation of apoptosis and exhaustion (CD95, PD-1, CD57). Advancing pregnancy may be associated with an inherent loss of sensitivity to progesterone. Finally, to understand the effects of immunisation, pregnant and control subjects immunised against influenza were recruited. Ex vivo antibody and in vitro antigen specific pregnancy response to immunisation are comparably potent in both. However, this is achieved through different mechanisms of T cell, CTL and APC regulation. Thus, the maternal immune system is partly regulated by progesterone, which has suppressive quality. However, immuno-modulation in pregnancy is complex and antigen responses vary when compared to non-pregnant individuals.
Optimization of quantized charge pumping using full counting statistics
Creators: name: Potanina, Elina
name: Brandner, Kay
name: Flindt, Christian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We optimize the operation of single-electron charge pumps using full counting statistics techniques. To this end, we evaluate the statistics of pumped charge on a wide range of driving frequencies using Floquet theory, focusing here on the current and the noise. For charge pumps controlled by one or two gate voltages, we demonstrate that our theoretical framework may lead to enhanced device performance. Specifically, by optimizing the driving parameters, we predict a significant increase in the frequencies for which a quantized current can be produced. For adiabatic two-parameter pumps, we exploit that the pumped charge and the noise can be expressed as surface integrals over Berry curvatures in parameter space. Our findings are important for the efforts to realize high-frequency charge pumping, and our predictions may be verified using current technology.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures, final version as published in Phys. Rev. B
title: ADCO, Cartulaire général de Cîteaux, dit de Jean de Cirey, (XVe siècle), tome IX, Cart. 193 (11 H 78), f. 0050r
Creators: name: de la Côte d'Or, Archives départementales
name: Archives Départementales De La Côte-D'Or
name: Petot, Frédérique
name: Projet CBMA
name: CG21/F.PETOT/2012
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Chartes de la Bourgogne du Moyen Âge
subject: LaMOP
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris
subject: cartulaire
subject: Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi

description: Cartulaire général de Cîteaux, dit de Jean de Cirey, (XVe siècle), tome IX, Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, Cart. 193 (11 H 78), f. 0050r, Numérisation en mode image.
description: Relation: http://www.cbma-project.eu/
description: Bibliographic citation: Cartulaire général de Cîteaux, dit de Jean de Cirey, (XVe siècle), tome IX, Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, Cart. 193 (11 H 78), f. 0050r, in Projet CBMA - Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi [Ressource en ligne], https:// manuscrits.cbma-project.eu/
description: Provenance: https://www.geonames.org/3024876
description: Provenance: http://www.idref.fr/030974844/id
description: Provenance: https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12228351v
description: Provenance: abbaye de Cîteaux
description: Provenance: http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q843261
What Powers the Compact Radio Emission in Nearby Elliptical and S0 Galaxies?
Creators: name: Ho, Luis C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Many nearby early-type (elliptical and S0) galaxies contain weak (milli-Jansky level) nuclear radio sources on scales a few hundred parsecs or less. The origin of the radio emission, however, has remained unclear, especially in volume-limited samples that select intrinsically less luminous galaxies. Both active galactic nuclei and nuclear star formation have been suggested as possible mechanisms for producing the radio emission. This paper utilizes optical spectroscopic information to address this issue. A substantial fraction of the early-type galaxies surveyed with the Very Large Array by Wrobel & Heeschen (1991) exhibits detectable optical emission lines in their nuclei down to very sensitive limits. Comparison of the observed radio continuum power with that expected from the thermal gas traced by the optical emission lines implies that the bulk of the radio emission is nonthermal. Both the incidence and the strength of optical line emission correlate with the radio power. At a fixed line luminosity, ellipticals have stronger radio cores than S0s. The relation between radio power and line emission observed in this sample is consistent with the low-luminosity extension of similar relations seen in classical radio galaxies and luminous Seyfert nuclei. A plausible interpretation of this result is that the weak nuclear sources in nearby early-type galaxies are the low-luminosity counterparts of more powerful AGNs. The spectroscopic evidence supports this picture. Most of the emission-line objects are optically classified as Seyfert nuclei or low-ionization nuclear emission-line regions (LINERs), the majority of which are likely to be accretion-powered sources.
description: LaTex, 16 pages including embedded figures. Accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal
Systematic analysis of the peripherality of the $^{10}$Be$(d,p)$$^{11}$Be transfer reaction and extraction of the asymptotic normalization coefficient of $^{11}$Be bound states
Creators: name: Yang, J.
name: Capel, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We reanalyze the experiment of Schmitt $\textit{et al.}$ on the $^{10}$Be$(d,p)^{11}$Be transfer reaction [Phys. Rev. Lett. $\textbf{108}$, 192701 (2012)] by exploring the beam-energy and angular ranges at which the reaction is strictly peripheral. We consider the adiabatic distorted wave approximation (ADWA) to model the reaction and use a Halo-EFT description of $^{11}$Be to systematically explore the sensitivity of our calculations to the short-range physics of the $^{10}$Be-$n$ wave function. We find that by selecting the data at low beam energy and forward scattering angle the calculated cross sections scale nearly perfectly with the asymptotic normalization coefficient (ANC) of the $^{11}$Be bound states. Following these results, a comparison of our calculations with the experimental data gives a value of $C_{1s1/2}=0.785\pm0.03$ fm$^{-1/2}$ for the $\frac{1}{2}^+$ ground-state ANC and $C_{0p1/2}=0.135\pm0.005$ fm$^{-1/2}$ for the $\frac{1}{2}^-$ excited-state, which are in perfect agreement with the $\textit{ab initio}$ calculations of Calci $\textit{et al.}$, who obtain $C^{\textit{ab initio}}_{1/2^+}=0.786$ fm$^{-1/2}$ and $C^{\textit{ab initio}}_{1/2^-}=0.129$ fm$^{-1/2}$ [Phys. Rev. Lett. $\textbf{117}$, 242501 (2016)].
description: 11 pages, 11 figures. This paper has been accepted for publication within Phys. Rev. C
Manipulating quantum materials with quantum light
Creators: name: Kiffner, Martin
name: Coulthard, Jonathan
name: Schlawin, Frank
name: Ardavan, Arzhang
name: Jaksch, Dieter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that the macroscopic magnetic and electronic properties of strongly correlated electron systems can be manipulated by coupling them to a cavity mode. As a paradigmatic example we consider the Fermi-Hubbard model and find that the electron-cavity coupling enhances the magnetic interaction between the electron spins in the ground-state manifold. At half filling this effect can be observed by a change in the magnetic susceptibility. At less than half filling, the cavity introduces a next-nearest neighbour hopping and mediates a long-range electron-electron interaction between distant sites. We study the ground state properties with Tensor Network methods and find that the cavity coupling can induce a new phase characterized by a momentum-space pairing effect for electrons.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures
High-dimensional neutrino masses
Creators: name: Anamiati, G.
name: Castillo-Felisola, Oscar
name: Fonseca, Renato M.
name: Helo, J. C.
name: Hirsch, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: For Majorana neutrino masses the lowest dimensional operator possible is the Weinberg operator at $d=5$. Here we discuss the possibility that neutrino masses originate from higher dimensional operators. Specifically, we consider all tree-level decompositions of the $d=9$, $d=11$ and $d=13$ neutrino mass operators. With renormalizable interactions only, we find 18 topologies and 66 diagrams for $d=9$, and 92 topologies plus 504 diagrams at the $d=11$ level. At $d=13$ there are already 576 topologies and 4199 diagrams. However, among all these there are only very few genuine neutrino mass models: At $d=(9,11,13)$ we find only (2,2,2) genuine diagrams and a total of (2,2,6) models. Here, a model is considered genuine at level $d$ if it automatically forbids lower order neutrino masses {\em without} the use of additional symmetries. We also briefly discuss how neutrino masses and angles can be easily fitted in these high-dimensional models.
description: Coincides with published version in JHEP
Self-healing properties of microencapsulated linseed oil-poly(urea formaldehyde) additives embedded polyester coating on Galvalume steel sheet
Creators: name: Bhardwaj, Sushant
name: Rani, Nitu
name: Singh, Arun Kumar
name: Chauhan, Ankita
name: Rishabh
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Plant Biology

description: Linseed oil and poly(urea-formaldehyde)-based microcapsules with an 82% weight ratio of core/shell and a mean outer diameter of about 100 μm were synthesised by in-situ polymerisation. These microcapsules were dispersed in polyester paint and then primer-coated Galvalume sheets were painted with microcapsule loaded (MC) and neat (no microcapsules) paints. These painted samples were scribed and examined using various characterisation techniques to evaluate their self-healing properties. SST and CCT showed that the electrolyte diffusion was suppressed in the MC sample, whereas the neat sample was noticeably blistered due to under-film corrosion. Scanning Kelvin Probe microscopy, SKP supported this finding wherein the Volta potential of the neat sample increased in the positive direction indicating cathodic delamination, whereas no significant change occurred in the MC sample. SEM-EDAX revealed the surface morphology and composition of the samples. Furthermore, EIS showed that microcapsule addition increased the pore resistance and decreased the coating capacitance of the polyester paint.
Falco cachinnans Linnaeus, 1758, spec. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1758
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Aves
Falconiformes
Falconidae
Falco
Falco cachinnans

description: Falco cachinnans [spec. nov.]
F. cera pedibus luteis, palpebris albis, corpore fusco albidoque vario, annulo nigro verticem album cingente. Rolander.
Habitat in America meridionali.
Corpus supra Dorsum, Alas, uropygium fuscum; sed Alba sunt collum, gula, pectus, abdomen, alae subtus. Cauda fasciis luteis nigrisque. Hominem observans cachinnos edit.
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1758, Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on page 90, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.542, http://zenodo.org/record/3922206
Additional file 1 of Comparative analysis of predictive methods for early assessment of compliance with continuous positive airway pressure therapy
Creators: name: Rafael-Palou, Xavier
name: Turino, Cecilia
name: Steblin, Alexander
name: SĂĄnchez-De-La-Torre, Manuel
name: BarbĂŠ, Ferran
name: Vargiu, Eloisa
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Tables with the description of all the variables of the D0, D1 and D3 datasets. Tables with the results of the descriptive analysis of the datasets. (DOCX 944 kb)
MOESM1 of Fabry Disease: Incidence of the Common Later-Onset α-Galactosidase A IVS4+919G→A Mutation in Taiwanese Newborns—Superiority of DNA-Based to Enzyme-Based Newborn Screening for Common Mutations
Creators: name: Yin-Hsiu Chien
name: Ni-Chung Lee
name: Shu-Chuan Chiang
name: Desnick, Robert
name: Wuh-Liang Hwu
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Supplementary material, approximately 347 KB.
Graphical methods for atlas-based segmentation and local disease grading in medical images
Creators: name: Koch, Lisa
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2016

description: Advances in medical imaging offer valuable tools towards a better understanding of the human anatomy and the diversity of physiological and pathological processes present in the body. Image segmentation is a crucial building block in medical image analysis, allowing quantitative analysis of the image content. It is therefore used as a fundamental step in a myriad of clinical applications. As the wealth of available data increases, automating this process is imperative as manual segmentation is very time consuming and may require high levels of expertise. Automated segmentation approaches face challenges in large databases due to large variability in shape and appearance of the structures of interest, the presence of pathologies, or different imaging protocols used to acquire the images. In particular, it becomes increasingly desirable to develop robust and accurate segmentation techniques that rely on minimal manual input or weak supervision. The contributions presented in this thesis are three-fold: We present two graphical methods for atlas-based anatomical image segmentation with a focus on alleviating the impact of limited availability of manually annotated training data. In addition, we present a probabilistic anatomical model based on segmentation which can help analyse regional morphological differences between groups, e.g. between healthy subjects and dementia patients, and provide local disease scores in the images which express the estimated degree of pathology. The proposed segmentation methods were evaluated on segmentation tasks on fetal and adult brain MR images and adult cardiac MR images. Experiments demonstrated the flexibility of the proposed approaches and showed that accurate segmentation results could be obtained while reducing the amount of manually annotated input. The proposed anatomical disease model was evaluated on a clinical brain MR dataset for differentiation between Alzheimer’s disease patients and healthy elderly subjects. Experiments showed that modelling disease-specific anatomy in higher detail revealed a greater sensitivity to local anatomical differences between the studied groups.
On the Potential of Multi-Mode Antennas for Direction-of-Arrival Estimation
Creators: name: Pöhlmann, Robert
name: Almasri, Sami Alkubti
name: Zhang, Siwei
name: Jost, Thomas
name: Dammann, Armin
name: Hoeher, Peter A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: In this paper, we show that a multi-mode antenna (MMA) is an interesting alternative to a conventional phased antenna array for direction-of-arrival (DoA) estimation. By MMA we mean a single physical radiator with multiple ports, which excite different characteristic modes. In contrast to phased arrays, a closed-form mathematical model of the antenna response, like a steering vector, is not straightforward to define for MMAs. Instead one has to rely on calibration measurement or electromagnetic field (EMF) simulation data, which is discrete. To perform DoA estimation, array interpolation technique (AIT) and wavefield modeling (WM) are suggested as methods with inherent interpolation capabilities, fully taking antenna nonidealities like mutual coupling into account. We present a non-coherent DoA estimator for low-cost receivers and show how coherent DoA estimation and joint DoA and polarization estimation can be performed with MMAs. Utilizing these methods, we assess the DoA estimation performance of an MMA prototype in simulations for both 2D and 3D cases. The results show that WM outperforms AIT for high SNR. Coherent estimation is superior to non-coherent, especially in 3D, because non-coherent suffers from estimation ambiguities. In conclusion, DoA estimation with a single MMA is feasible and accurate.
Model-based multi-parametric programming strategies towards the integration of design, control and operational optimization
Creators: name: Diangelakis, Nikolaos
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2016

description: This thesis discusses recent advances towards the grand unification of process design, con- trol and operational optimization via multi-parametric programming techniques. First the PARametric Optimization and Control (PAROC) framework is presented together with a prototype implementation for the development of advanced receding horizon policies via multi-parametric programming and their closed-loop implementation. It is shown how state- of-the-art multi-parametric programming algorithms are utilized for the development of explicit optimization policies for a variety of problems (including control, estimation and scheduling) based on high-fidelity models and model approximation steps. Two developments are presented towards the integration of design, control and opera- tional optimization within PAROC; (i) the integration of design and control and (ii) the integration of scheduling and control. For (i) we develop receding horizon optimization for- mulations where the design variables are simultaneously considered, resulting in explicit, design–dependent policies which are then included within a Mixed-Integer Dynamic Opti- mization (MIDO) algorithm minimizing operational and investment costs. For (ii), we de- velop scheduling strategies where the process dynamics and corresponding controller designs are simultaneously considered, resulting in explicit control–dependent scheduling schemes. Surrogate/approximate models are proposed to address the time–scale mismatch between the mid–term schedule and the short–term control optimization problem. Finally, the inte- gration of (i) and (ii) is shown within an overall dynamic optimization problem. The developments are presented via a domestic cogeneration heat and power (CHP) system example and case studies of a tank, a continuously stirred tank reactor and a binary distillation column.
The Merging History of the Milky Way
Creators: name: Unavane, M.
name: Wyse, R. F. G.
name: Gilmore, G. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The age distribution, and chemical elemental abundances, of stars in the halo of the Milky Way provide constraints on theories of galaxy formation. As one specific example, the accretion of satellite galaxies similar to the present retinue of dwarf spheroidals (dSphs) would provide an observable metal-poor, intermediate-age population. This paper presents a quantitative assessment of any contribution made by such stars to the stellar halo. The bulk of the stellar populations in the halo show a well-defined turn-off, at B-V ~ 0.4, implying that the vast majority of the stars are old. The fraction of stars which lie blueward of this well-defined turn-off, with metallicities similar to that of the present dSphs, is used in this paper to place limits on the importance of the recent accretion of such systems. Very few (< ~ 10%) stars are found to be bluer (and by implication, younger) than this limit, with the highest value found for the more metal-rich halo ([Fe/H] >~ -1.5 dex). Direct comparison of this statistic with the colour distribution of the turnoff stars in the Carina dwarf allows us to derive an upper limit on the number of mergers of such satellite galaxies into the halo of the Milky Way. This upper limit is ~ 40 Carina-like galaxies. The higher metallicity data constrain satellite galaxies like the Fornax dwarf; only
description: uuencoded compressed postscript. The preprint is also available at http://www.ast.cam.ac.uk/preprint/PrePrint.html
Development of clinical instruments for traumatic brain injury patients: design, realisation, and performance
Creators: name: Wang, Chu
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2015

description: This thesis focuses on designing and developing both wired and wireless multimodal clinical monitoring electronic instruments for traumatic brain injury (TBI) patients. Potentiostats using both a transimpedance resistive design and a novel switched-capacitor based design have been developed to support amperometric sensors and biosensors in detecting concentrations of important biomolecules, such as glucose and lactate in the injured brain tissue. The performance and relevant advantages/disadvantages of these two potentiostat designs have been also discussed. A high-resolution low-noise bio-potential acquisition system has been developed, to monitor the electroencephalography and electrocorticography of TBI patients. To optimise the monitoring performance, the system has been separated into two functional parts: a battery-powered head-stage box that records, amplifies, and digitalises the biopotentials; a bed-side digital unit that integrates with a new patient monitoring instrument. A commercial device has been used as a comparison, and the new design shows better electrical interference elimination. I have also designed an intelligent multimodal TBI instrumentation box to simultaneously monitor chemical, electrical, and physical parameters from a TBI patient. The instrumentation box has been carefully designed and evaluated to meet IEC60601 (3rd edition) safety regulation and it has passed local hospital test for clinical uses. The thesis then concentrates on developing different wireless solutions for the TBI instruments, and aims at eliminating clinical cable congestion and practical issues in intensive care units. By integrating with TBI-related electronics, different wireless modules have been evaluated and compared. Finally, to enable the device to display real-time tissue concentrations to the clinical team, a wireless control of a sensor auto-calibration system has been developed. Relevant graphic user interfaces have been designed on both PC and android-based smart phones or tablets.
A numerical investigation of the contact dynamics and bulk behaviour of adhesive particles
Creators: name: Wilson, Robert
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2017

description: Adhesive interactions between individual particles in a granular system often lead to complex and unintuitive phenomena on the macro-scale. In this thesis the behaviour of adhesive particles in various situations is investigated numerically, using the Discrete Element Method. The first system of interest is the fluidized bed. The effects of varying the elastic modulus, coefficient of restitution, and coefficient of friction of adhesive particles on fluidized bed dynamics are investigated. By considering the effects that these parameters have on the statistics of macroscopic system properties, and the motion of bubbles in the system, a number of complex relationships have been uncovered. The influence of surface roughness and contact adhesion on the rolling of dry particles is also studied. Rough particle surfaces are approximated using an array of spheres, the properties of which are informed by random processes. This approach has allowed the derivation of an analytical model, which accurately describes the resistance to initial rolling of a static particle, and the slowing of a rolling particle. Finally, the properties of piles of adhesive particles are investigated. The angle of repose is found to increase with increasing adhesive forces, but also to decrease with increasing pile size for adhesive particles. A study of the pressure distribution at the base of the pile has revealed that adhesion and friction both contribute to a measurable drop in pressure under the centre. Results suggest that the manifestation of this phenomenon may relate to the packing density of the particles in the pile.
Development of a trypanosome-based system to investigate the function of helminth secreted proteins in vivo
Creators: name: Vaux, Rachel
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2016

description: Parasitic helminths are able to secrete molecules which modulate their host’s immune system. Evidence from epidemiological data and lab models suggest that these molecules could prevent and treat immunopathologies, such as allergy and autoimmune disorders. Although some parasitic helminth-derived proteins have been shown to be immunomodulatory, the role of many secreted proteins have not been elucidated. Unfortunately reverse genetic approaches such as RNAi and transgenic gene knockdown have been difficult in many species of parasitic nematode. Here, it is proposed that a gain of function approach using the murine protozoan parasite Trypanosoma musculi could be used to investigate immunomodulatory molecules in vivo. This parasite is extracellular, so can deliver secreted proteins in a similar fashion to worms, and it has a distinct, short pattern of infection, which allows for quick detection of immunomodulatory effects. Necessary steps to generate a T. musculi heterologous expression system were performed, including optimising in vitro culture of this species, isolation of genomic sequences for the design and construction of plasmids for the expression and secretion of exogenous gene products and testing a proof of principle molecule in vivo. A T. musculi line was generated that secreted an active acetylcholinesterase (AChE) from the nematode Nippostrongylus brasiliensis, and this caused a truncated infection in mice compared to a control line. Immunological assays suggest that this was due to changes in macrophage polarisation, with increased expression of M1 markers and nitric oxide when AChE is secreted by T. musculi. This was also reflected in cytokine production, with higher levels of IFNγ and TNFα and lower levels of IL-4. M1 macrophages are involved in the killing of protozoa and bacteria, while M2 macrophages are important for immune responses against helminths. Skewing of macrophage polarisation to a more M1 phenotype should increase the survival of parasitic worms. Not only does this suggest a novel role for parasitic helminth secreted AChEs, but it also shows that this trypanosome-based system could be used to investigate secreted proteins with unknown function.
MOESM1 of Insulinlike Growth Factor (IGF)-1 Administration Ameliorates Disease Manifestations in a Mouse Model of Spinal and Bulbar Muscular Atrophy
Creators: name: Rinaldi, Carlo
name: Bott, Laura
name: Ke-Lian Chen
name: Harmison, George
name: Katsuno, Masahisa
name: Sobue,
name: Pennuto, Maria
name: Fischbeck, Kenneth
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy

description: Supplementary material, approximately 501 KB.
Additional file 5: of The piRNA pathway responds to environmental signals to establish intergenerational adaptation to stress
Creators: name: Belicard, Tony
name: Pree Jareosettasin
name: Sarkies, Peter
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: Table S2. Proportions of the different strains from the competition experiments. (PDF 392 kb)
Do magnetars glitch? : Timing irregularities in anomalous X-ray pulsars
Creators: name: Heyl, Jeremy S.
name: Hernquist, Lars
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine the timing history of several anomalous X-ray pulsars (AXPs), and find that they exhibit spin down irregularities statistically similar to those of radio pulsars. We propose that these irregularities are simply glitches like those of radio pulsars and fit glitching spin down solutions to the data available for 1E~2259+586, 1E~1048.1-5937 and 4U~0142+61. The inferred magnitude of the glitches ($ΔΩ$) is comparable to that exhibited in radio pulsar glitching. With these results we argue that the three AXPs that we studied are isolated neutron stars spinning down by magnetic dipole radiation and powered by a combination of cooling, magnetic field decay and magnetospheric particle bombardment.
description: 8 pages, 2 figures, submitted to MNRAS, corrected an equation, conclusions unchanged
Falco sparverius Linnaeus, 1758, spec. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1758
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Aves
Falconiformes
Falconidae
Falco
Falco sparverius

description: Falco sparverius [spec. nov.]
F. cera lutea, capite fusco, vertice abdomineque rubro, alis caerulescentibus.
Accipiter minor. Catesb. carol. 1. p. 5. t. 5.
Habitat in America.
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1758, Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on page 90, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.542, http://zenodo.org/record/3922206
The Apparently Normal Galaxy Hosts for Two Luminous Quasars
Creators: name: Bahcall, John N.
name: Kirhakos, Sofia
name: Schneider, Donald P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: HST images (with WFPC2) of PHL~909\ ($z = 0.171$) and PG~0052$+$251\ ($z = 0.155$) show that these luminous radio-quiet quasars each occur in an apparently normal host galaxy. The host galaxy of PHL~909 is an elliptical galaxy ($\sim$ E4) and the host of PG~0052$+$251 is a spiral ($\sim$~Sb). Both host galaxies are several tenths of a magnitude brighter than $L^*$, the characteristic Schechter luminosity of field galaxies. The images of PHL~909 and PG~0052$+$251, when compared with HST images of other objects in our sample of 20 luminous, small-redshift ($z \leq 0.30$) quasars, show that luminous quasars occur in a variety of environments. The local environments of the luminous quasars range from luminous ellipticals, to apparently normal host galaxies, to complex systems of interacting components, to faint (and as yet undetected) hosts. The bright HII regions of the host galaxy of PG~0052$+$251 provide an opportunity to measure directly the metallicity of the host of a luminous quasar, to establish an upper limit to the mass of the nuclear AGN (i.e., the putative black hole source), and to test stringently the cosmological hypothesisthat the galaxy and the quasar are both at the distance indicated by the quasar redshift.
description: 32 pages, LaTeX file. Seven postscript figures available from anonymous ftp to ftp://eku.sns.ias.edu/pub/sofia/ as phlpgfg1.ps, phlpgfg2.ps, phlpgfg3.ps, phlpgfg4.ps, phlpgfg5.ps, phlpgfg6a.ps, phlpgfg6b.ps, phlpgfg7.ps. To appear in ApJ, February 1, 1996
Multidimensional thermal structure of magnetized neutron star envelopes
Creators: name: Heyl, Jeremy S.
name: Hernquist, Lars
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently launched x-ray telescopes have discovered several candidate isolated neutron stars. The thermal radiation from these objects may potentially constrain our understanding of nuclear physics in a realm inaccessible to terrestrial experiments. To translate the observed fluxes from neutron stars into constraints, one needs precise calculations of the heat transfer through the thin insulating envelopes of neutron stars. We describe models of the thermal structure of the envelopes of neutron stars with magnetic fields up to 10^{14} G. Unlike earlier work, we infer the properties of envelope models in two dimensions and precisely account for the quantization of the electron phase space. Both dipole and uniformly magnetized envelopes are considered.
description: 20 pages, 8 figures, submitted to MNRAS