cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Neutrino Beams From Electron Capture at High Gamma
Creators: name: Rolinec, Mark
name: Sato, Joe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the potential of a flavor pure high gamma electron capture electron neutrino beam directed towards a large water cherenkov detector with 500 kt fiducial mass. The energy of the neutrinos is reconstructed by the position measurement within the detector and superb energy resolution capabilities could be achieved. We estimate the requirements for such a scenario to be competitive to a neutrino/anti-neutrino running at a neutrino factory with less accurate energy resolution. Although the requirements turn out to be extreme, in principle such a scenario could achieve as good abilities to resolve correlations and degeneracies in the search for sin^2(2 theta_13) and delta_CP as a standard neutrino factory experiment.
description: 21 pages, 7 figures, revised version, to appear in JHEP, Fig.7 extended, minnor changes, results unchanged
Interpretability Beyond Feature Attribution: Quantitative Testing with Concept Activation Vectors (TCAV)
Creators: name: Kim, Been
name: Wattenberg, Martin
name: Gilmer, Justin
name: Cai, Carrie
name: Wexler, James
name: Viegas, Fernanda
name: Sayres, Rory
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The interpretation of deep learning models is a challenge due to their size, complexity, and often opaque internal state. In addition, many systems, such as image classifiers, operate on low-level features rather than high-level concepts. To address these challenges, we introduce Concept Activation Vectors (CAVs), which provide an interpretation of a neural net's internal state in terms of human-friendly concepts. The key idea is to view the high-dimensional internal state of a neural net as an aid, not an obstacle. We show how to use CAVs as part of a technique, Testing with CAVs (TCAV), that uses directional derivatives to quantify the degree to which a user-defined concept is important to a classification result--for example, how sensitive a prediction of "zebra" is to the presence of stripes. Using the domain of image classification as a testing ground, we describe how CAVs may be used to explore hypotheses and generate insights for a standard image classification network as well as a medical application.
Macrotyloma uniflorum Verdc.
Creators: name: Jarvis, Charlie
Publisher: name: Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum
Year: 2007
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Fabales
Fabaceae
Macrotyloma
Macrotyloma uniflorum

description: Dolichos pubescens Linnaeus, Species Plantarum, ed. 2, 2: 1021. 1763, nom. utique rej.
"Habitat in America." RCN: 5360.
 Lectotype (Verdcourt in Taxon 45: 329. 1996): Herb. Linn. No. 900.18 (LINN).
 Current name:  Macrotyloma uniflorum  (Lam.) Verdc. (Fabaceae: Faboideae).
description: Published as part of Jarvis, Charlie, 2007, Chapter 7: Linnaean Plant Names and their Types (part D), pp. 474-489 in Order out of Chaos. Linnaean Plant Types and their Types, London :Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum on page 484, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.291971
Lettre de Philipp Thicknesse à Jean-François Séguier, 0000-02-06
Creators: name: Thicknesse, Philipp
name: Philipp, Thicknesse
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2022
Subjects: Librairie

description: [fol.106 ] [Détails sur des livres anglais.]

Sir,

I have the honor to inform you that I have now Chandlers Travels into Asia ruins under the paper wich I have just tooked over, but which I do act care to send away tel I hear of the safe arrival of the former books sent you. I fear you will be disapointed in this last purchase, it is write in a bad style, I filled with trifles, the man as a scholar I suppose, and that il all; for <…> writes like a gentlemen, not thuks like me, and the ancient inscriptions, may of wich I suppose one <…> are <…> in the book, but pristed separatly in another work. The book cost 15 shillings. The academic gentlemen of our country are scolars, but then they are pedants. The book abonds with minutiae and a few kernels. I am impa. [fol.106v] to hear of the arrival of the other books at Nîmes, and that they afford you pleasure. Mister Thicknesse presents her compliments with these of sir

 Your best obedient
 And <…> Hum. Servant

Calais the 6 of Feb.

PS. Pray make our best compliments to M. d’Olive, Lord … and his brother are in <…> of <…> work but the infatueted <…> of Little britain is still among against his other subjects like he finds strangers stile are against him.
description: Source: [établissement de conservation] Nîmes, Bibliothèque Carré d'Art [cote] ms. 417, fol. 106
The Orbit of the Binary Star Delta Scorpii
Creators: name: Bedding, Timothy R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1993
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Although delta Scorpii is a bright and well-studied star, the details of its multiplicity have remained unclear. Here we present the first diffraction-limited image of this 0.12 arcsec binary star, made using optical interferometry, and resolve the confusion that has existed in the literature over its multiplicity. Examining published speckle measurements, together with the present result, reveals a periodicity of 10.5 yr and allows calculation of the orbital parameters. The orbit has a high eccentricity (e=0.82) and large inclination (i=70 degrees), making it a favourable target for radial velocity measurements during the next periastron (in 2000).
description: (LaTex 8 pages. Send email to 'tbedding@eso.org' for 4 postscript figures). To appear in the Astronomical Journal, August, 1993. ESO-TRB
Leader Tracking of Euler-Lagrange Agents on Directed Switching Networks Using A Model-Independent Algorithm
Creators: name: Ye, Mengbin
name: Anderson, Brian D. O.
name: Yu, Changbin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: In this paper, we propose a discontinuous distributed model-independent algorithm for a directed network of Euler-Lagrange agents to track the trajectory of a leader with non-constant velocity. We initially study a fixed network and show that the leader tracking objective is achieved semi-globally exponentially fast if the graph contains a directed spanning tree. By model-independent, we mean that each agent executes its algorithm with no knowledge of the parameter values of any agent's dynamics. Certain bounds on the agent dynamics (including any disturbances) and network topology information are used to design the control gain. This fact, combined with the algorithm's model-independence, results in robustness to disturbances and modelling uncertainties. Next, a continuous approximation of the algorithm is proposed, which achieves practical tracking with an adjustable tracking error. Last, we show that the algorithm is stable for networks that switch with an explicitly computable dwell time. Numerical simulations are given to show the algorithm's effectiveness.
Dispersion relation formalism for the two-photon exchange correction to elastic muon-proton scattering: elastic intermediate state
Creators: name: Tomalak, Oleksandr
name: Vanderhaeghen, Marc
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We evaluate the two-photon exchange correction to the unpolarized cross section in the elastic muon-proton scattering within dispersion relations. One of the six independent invariant amplitudes requires a subtraction. We fix the subtraction function to the model estimate of the full two-photon exchange at one of three MUSE beam energies and make a prediction for the two other energies. Additionally, we present single and double polarization observables accounting for the lepton mass.
description: 16 pages, 9 figures, version published in Eur. Phys. J. C, 78 6 (2018) 514
The singular behavior of massive QCD amplitudes
Creators: name: Mitov, A.
name: Moch, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the structure of infrared singularities in on-shell QCD amplitudes with massive partons and present a general factorization formula in the limit of small parton masses. The factorization formula gives rise to an all-order exponentiation of both, the soft poles in dimensional regularization and the large collinear logarithms of the parton masses. Moreover, it provides a universal relation between any on-shell amplitude with massive external partons and its corresponding massless amplitude. For the form factor of a heavy quark we present explicit results including the fixed-order expansion up to three loops in the small mass limit. For general scattering processes we show how our constructive method applies to the computation of all singularities as well as the constant (mass-independent) terms of a generic massive n-parton QCD amplitude up to the next-to-next-to-leading order corrections.
description: version to appear in JHEP (sec. 3 with expanded discussion and appendix with added results)
Dynamic Simulation of Structural Phase Transitions in Magnetic Iron
Creators: name: Ma, Pui-Wai
name: Dudarev, S. L.
name: Wróbel, Jan S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The occurrence of bcc-fcc ($α$-$γ$) and fcc-bcc ($γ$-$δ$) phase transitions in magnetic iron stems from the interplay between magnetic excitations and lattice vibrations. However, this fact has never been proven by a direct dynamic simulation, treating non-collinear magnetic fluctuations and dynamics of atoms, and their coupling at a finite temperature. Starting from a large set of data generated by ab initio simulations, we derive non-collinear magnetic many-body potentials for bcc and fcc iron describing fluctuations in the vicinity of near perfect lattice positions. We then use spin-lattice dynamics simulations to evaluate the difference between free energies of bcc and fcc phases, assessing their relative stability within a unified dynamic picture. We find two intersections between the bcc and fcc free energy curves, which correspond to $α$-$γ$ bcc-fcc and $γ$-$δ$ fcc-bcc phase transitions. The maximum fcc-bcc free energy difference over the temperature interval between the two phase transition points is 2 meV, in agreement with other experimental and theoretical estimates.
Ascending chain condition for $F$-pure thresholds on a fixed strongly $F$-regular germ
Creators: name: Sato, Kenta
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Commutative Algebra (math.AC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14B05, 13A35, 14L30

description: In this paper, we prove that the set of all $F$-pure thresholds on a fixed germ of a strongly $F$-regular pair satisfies the ascending chain condition. As a corollary, we verify the ascending chain condition for the set of all $F$-pure thresholds on smooth varieties or, more generally, on varieties with tame quotient singularities, which is an affirmative answer to a conjecture given by Blickle, Mustaţǎ and Smith.
description: 28pages; v3: corrected Lemma 2.19; fixed several typos and minor errors; v4: minor changes
Robust community detection based on improved user interaction, enhanced local path index and pattern mining in social networks
Creators: name: Sayari, Somaye
name: Harounabadi, Ali
name: BaniRostam, Touraj
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2025
Subjects: classificationCode: 460299
subject: Artificial intelligence not elsewhere classified
classificationCode: 461199
subject: Machine learning not elsewhere classified

description: Community detection in online social networks leads to identifying hidden structures. Combining user interactions and network topology improves community detection accuracy in social networks. We propose a robust Community Detection method based on improved user Interaction degree, enhanced Local Path index and Vertical pattern mining (CDILPV). Our method architecture includes three layers: data processing, community creation and community development. The community creation layer identifies the influential users based on eigenvector centrality and extracts the users, who interact most with them, using vertical pattern mining. For community development, we introduce a measure to calculate the degree of user interaction based on the local clustering coefficient enhanced by the interactions between common neighbors. In addition, we provide two strategies for user membership in the community. First, we calculate the user direct membership degree based on the direct connection degree with the community users and the improved user interaction degree as the weight of connections. Second, if there is no direct connection between the user and the community users, we consider their communication paths. In this way, we propose a hybrid metric to calculate the user indirect membership degree based on the structural index and the improved user interaction degree. Our proposed method based on evaluation with some indices in two datasets, performs better than other methods in accuracy and robustness.
Cooperative Localisation of a GPS-Denied UAV using Direction of Arrival Measurements
Creators: name: Russell, James S.
name: Ye, Mengbin
name: Anderson, Brian D. O.
name: Hmam, Hatem
name: Sarunic, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: A GPS-denied UAV (Agent B) is localised through INS alignment with the aid of a nearby GPS-equipped UAV (Agent A), which broadcasts its position at several time instants. Agent B measures the signals' direction of arrival with respect to Agent B's inertial navigation frame. Semidefinite programming and the Orthogonal Procrustes algorithm are employed, and accuracy is improved through maximum likelihood estimation. The method is validated using flight data and simulations. A three-agent extension is explored.
description: 13 pages, 11 figures, this is an extended version to an imminent submission to IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1703.06261
Connecting Students with Nature: An Investigation into Outdoor Education
Creators: name: Delahunty, Kevin
Publisher: name: Student Teacher Educational Research (STER)
Year: 2021
Subjects: Outdoor Education
Environmental Education

description: Kevin Delahunty, graduate of the Professional Master of Education at Trinity College Dublin (TCD), writes about his dissertation research - 'Connecting Students with Nature: An Investigation into Outdoor Education' in volume 4 of the STER e-Journal, 2021
Galaxy Redshifts: Improved Techniques
Creators: name: Heavens, A. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1993
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper analyses the effects of random noise in determining errors and confidence levels for galaxy redshifts obtained by cross-correlation techniques. The main finding is that confidence levels have previously been overestimated, and errors inaccurately calculated in certain applications. New formulæ are presented.
description: 5 pages, LATEX, Report 2/93
Vigna luteola Benth.
Creators: name: Jarvis, Charlie
Publisher: name: Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum
Year: 2007
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Fabales
Fabaceae
Vigna
Vigna luteola

description: Dolichos repens Linnaeus, Systema Naturae, ed. 10, 2: 1163. 1759.
["Habitat in Jamaicae maritimis."] Sp. Pl., ed. 2, 2: 1022 (1763). RCN: 5354.
 Neotype (Pasquet in Turland & Jarvis in Taxon 46: 469. 1997): Herb. Thunberg No. 16775 (UPS).
 Current name:  Vigna luteola  (Jacq.) Benth. (Fabaceae: Faboideae).
description: Published as part of Jarvis, Charlie, 2007, Chapter 7: Linnaean Plant Names and their Types (part D), pp. 474-489 in Order out of Chaos. Linnaean Plant Types and their Types, London :Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum on page 484, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.291971
To see the exotic Theta^+ baryon from interference
Creators: name: Amarian, Moskov
name: Diakonov, Dmitri
name: Polyakov, Maxim V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Since all couplings of the exotic $Θ^+$ baryon to normal hadrons seem to be small it is hard to reveal it in standard resonance searching. We suggest to look for the $Θ^+$ production in interference with a known resonance yielding the same final state but having a high production rate. The interference process is linear in the $Θ^+$ couplings whereas the non-interference process is quadratic. That gives an obvious gain if the couplings are small. Moreover, employing the peculiar oscillating nature of the interference processes one can reduce considerably the parasitic background and determine the $Θ^+$ resonance parameters.
description: 9 pages
Jupiter's North Equatorial Belt expansion and thermal wave activity ahead of Juno's arrival
Creators: name: Fletcher, L. N.
name: Orton, G. S.
name: Sinclair, J. A.
name: Donnelly, P.
name: Melin, H.
name: Rogers, J. H.
name: Greathouse, T. K.
name: Kasaba, Y.
name: Fujiyoshi, T.
name: Sato, T. M.
name: Fernandes, J.
name: Irwin, P. G. J.
name: Giles, R. S.
name: Simon, A. A.
name: Wong, M. H.
name: Vedovato, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The dark colors of Jupiter's North Equatorial Belt (NEB, $7-17^\circ$N) appeared to expand northward into the neighboring zone in 2015, consistent with a 3-5 year cycle of activity in the NEB. Inversions of thermal-IR imaging from the Very Large Telescope revealed a moderate warming and reduction of aerosol opacity at the cloud tops at $17-20^\circ$N, suggesting subsidence and drying in the expanded sector. Two new thermal waves were identified during this period: (i) an upper tropospheric thermal wave (wavenumber 16-17, amplitude 2.5 K at 170 mbar) in the mid-NEB that was anti-correlated with haze reflectivity; and (ii) a stratospheric wave (wavenumber 13-14, amplitude 7.3 K at 5 mbar) at $20-30^\circ$N. Both were quasi-stationary, confined to regions of eastward zonal flow, and are morphologically similar to waves observed during previous expansion events.
description: 28 pages, 15 figures, published in Geophysical Research Letters
Jak wpływa internet na poplaryzacje radykalnych ideologi
Creators: name: Smelkowski, Filip
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2025
Subjects: classificationCode: 500321
subject: Social and political philosophy
classificationCode: 440811
subject: Political theory and political philosophy
classificationCode: 440899
subject: Political science not elsewhere classified

description: Publikacja analizuje mechanizmy rozprzestrzeniania się ekstremistycznych treści w sieci. Autor bada rolę algorytmów mediów społecznościowych, które poprzez personalizację treści sprzyjają tworzeniu tzw. "baniek informacyjnych" i radykalizacji użytkowników. Przedstawiono również strategie komunikacyjne wykorzystywane przez grupy skrajnie prawicowe i lewicowe, w tym humor, memy oraz deepfake. Praca podkreśla wpływ botów i dezinformacji na kształtowanie opinii publicznej oraz sugeruje potrzebę dalszych badań nad metodami przeciwdziałania radykalizacji w internecie.
Redshift distortions of galaxy correlation functions
Creators: name: Fry, J. N.
name: Gaztanaga, Enrique
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1993
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: To examine how peculiar velocities can affect the 2-, 3-, and 4-point redshift correlation functions, we evaluate volume-average correlations for configurations that emphasize and minimize redshift distortions for four different volume-limited samples from each of the CfA, SSRS, and IRAS redshift catalogs. We find a characteristic distortion for the 2-point correlation, $\xibar_2$: the slope $γ$ is flatter and the correlation length is larger in redshift space than in real space; that is, redshift distortions ``move'' correlations from small to large scales. At the largest scales (up to $12 \Mpc$), the extra power in the redshift distribution is compatible with $Ω^{4/7}/b \approx 1$. We estimate $Ω^{4/7}/b$ to be $0.53 \pm 0.15$, $1.10 \pm 0.16$ and $0.84 \pm 0.45$ for the CfA, SSRS and IRAS catalogs. Higher order correlations $\xibar_3$ and $\xibar_4$ suffer similar redshift distortions, but in such a way that, within the accuracy of our analysis, the normalized amplitudes $S_3$ and $S_4$ are insensitive to this effect. The hierarchical amplitudes $S_3$ and $S_4$ are constant as a function of scale between 1--$12 \Mpc$ and have similar values in all samples and catalogues, $S_3 \approx 2$ and $S_4 \approx 6$, despite the fact that $\xibar_2$, $\xibar_3$, and $\xibar_4$ differ from one sample to another by large factors (up to a factor of 4 in $\xibar_2$, 8 for $\xibar_3$, and 12 for $\xibar_4$). The agreement between the independent estimations of $S_3$ and $S_4$
description: 20 pages (12 figues available on request), LaTeX, FERMILAB-Pub-93-097-A
Thermal Hadron Production by QCD Hawking Radiation
Creators: name: Satz, Helmut
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The QCD counterpart of Hawking radiation from black holes leads to thermal hadron production in high energy collisions, from $e^+e^-$ annihilation to heavy ion interactions. This hadronic radiation is formed by tunnelling through the event horizon of colour confinement and is emitted at a universal temperature $T_H \simeq (σ/2 π)^{1/2}$, where $σ$ denotes the string tension. Since the event horizon does not allow information transfer, the radiation is thermal ``at birth''.
description: 17 pages, 12 figures; updated version of an invited talk at the workshop "Critical Point and Onset of Deconfinement", Firenze/Italy, July 3-6, 2006
An Influence Network Model to Study Discrepancies in Expressed and Private Opinions
Creators: name: Ye, Mengbin
name: Qin, Yuzhen
name: Govaert, Alain
name: Anderson, Brian D. O.
name: Cao, Ming
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: Multiagent Systems (cs.MA)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In many social situations, a discrepancy arises between an individual's private and expressed opinions on a given topic. Motivated by Solomon Asch's seminal experiments on social conformity and other related socio-psychological works, we propose a novel opinion dynamics model to study how such a discrepancy can arise in general social networks of interpersonal influence. Each individual in the network has both a private and an expressed opinion: an individual's private opinion evolves under social influence from the expressed opinions of the individual's neighbours, while the individual determines his or her expressed opinion under a pressure to conform to the average expressed opinion of his or her neighbours, termed the local public opinion. General conditions on the network that guarantee exponentially fast convergence of the opinions to a limit are obtained. Further analysis of the limit yields several semi-quantitative conclusions, which have insightful social interpretations, including the establishing of conditions that ensure every individual in the network has such a discrepancy. Last, we show the generality and validity of the model by using it to explain and predict the results of Solomon Asch's seminal experiments.
description: An extended version of a provisionally accepted Automatica regular paper, with extra simulations and additional commentary on Asch's experiments
D3.4: State-of-the-art solutions for the transients scenarios in the four SMR cores and intercomparison between codes when applicable
Creators: name: Fridman, Emil
name: Bilodid, Yurii
name: Dalinger, Maximiliano
name: Lestani, Héctor
name: Lopasso, Edmundo
name: Weir, Alexis
name: Zalazar, Rene
name: Blanco, Juan Antonia
name: Mercatali, Luigi
name: Sanchez E., Victor H.
name: Farda, Anthime
name: Valtavirta, Ville
name: Jambrina, Ana
name: Seidl, Marcus
name: De Meyer, David
name: Vocka, Radim
name: Frantisek, Havluj
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: This deliverable presents the results of the transient analysis in four SMR cores performed with thestate-of-the-art nodal diffusion codes.
Cajanus scarabaeoides Graham
Creators: name: Jarvis, Charlie
Publisher: name: Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum
Year: 2007
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Fabales
Fabaceae
Cajanus
Cajanus scarabaeoides

description: Dolichos scarabaeoides Linnaeus, Species Plantarum 2: 726. 1753.
"Habitat in India." RCN: 5341.
 Lectotype (van der Maesen in Agric. Univ. Wageningen Pap. 85-4: 189. 1985): Herb. Hermann 1: 34, No. 282 (BM-000594465).
 Current name:  Cajanus scarabaeoides  (L.) Thouars ex Graham (Fabaceae: Faboideae).
description: Published as part of Jarvis, Charlie, 2007, Chapter 7: Linnaean Plant Names and their Types (part D), pp. 474-489 in Order out of Chaos. Linnaean Plant Types and their Types, London :Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum on page 485, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.291971
Cycles of Activity in the Jovian Atmosphere
Creators: name: Fletcher, L. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Jupiter's banded appearance may appear unchanging to the casual observer, but closer inspection reveals a dynamic, ever-changing system of belts and zones with distinct cycles of activity. Identification of these long-term cycles requires access to datasets spanning multiple jovian years, but explaining them requires multi-spectral characterization of the thermal, chemical, and aerosol changes associated with visible color variations. The Earth-based support campaign for Juno's exploration of Jupiter has already characterized two upheaval events in the equatorial and temperate belts that are part of long-term jovian cycles, whose underlying sources could be revealed by Juno's exploration of Jupiter's deep atmosphere.
description: 9 pages, 1 figures, Commentary published in Geophysical Research Letters
INVESTIGATING ECOLOGICAL AND PHYLOGENETIC CONSTRAINTS IN HIPPOPOTAMIDAE SKULL SHAPE
Creators: name: PANDOLFI, LUCA
name: MARTINO, ROBERTA
name: ROOK, LORENZO
name: PIRAS, PAOLO
Publisher: name: RIVISTA ITALIANA DI PALEONTOLOGIA E STRATIGRAFIA
Year: 2020

description: Hippopotamidae are a group of large-sized mammals of interest for testing evolutionary traits in time and space. Variation in skull shape within Hippopotamidae is here investigated by means of shape analysis (Geometric Morphometrics) and modern statistical approaches. Two-dimensional shape analysis is applied to dorsal and lateral views of extant and extinct Hippopotamidae species sufficiently preserved to allow their morphology to be captured by landmark and semi-landmark digitization. The results show that Hippopotamus gorgops and H. antiquus display similar shapes, while Hexaprotodon palaeindicus falls within the morphospace occupied by H. amphibius, suggesting similar morphology. The cranial shape of the Sicilian hippopotamus (H. pentlandi) still resembles that of H. amphibius in lateral view, suggesting that adaptation to the insular domain was yet not fully attained. Madagascan hippopotamuses (H. madagascariensis and H. lemerlei) are close to the pygmy hippo, Choeropsis liberiensis, in PC1 values; nevertheless, the cranial shape of the Madagascan hippos seems not to be closely related to the cranial shape of C. liberiensis. Despite the morphological convergences within the group, while cranial shape in Hippopotamidae is phylogenetically structured, this does not hold for size. Although further investigations are needed to test the influence of ecological and palaeoecological parameters on the general shape to provide additional information for understanding Hippopotamidae evolution and adaptation, the present study provides an insight into the evolutionary framework of Hippopotamidae.
description: RIVISTA ITALIANA DI PALEONTOLOGIA E STRATIGRAFIA , V. 126 N. 1 (2020)
Comparing Direct N-Body Integration with Anisotropic Gaseous Models of Star Clusters
Creators: name: Giersz, Mirek
name: Spurzem, Rainer
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1993
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compare the results for the dynamical evolution of star clusters derived from anisotropic gaseous models with the data from N-body simulations of isolated and one-component systems, each having modest number of stars. The statistical quality of N-body data was improved by averaging results from many N-body runs, each with the same initial parameters but with different sequences of random numbers used to initialize positions and velocities of the particles. We study the development of anisotropy, the spatial evolution and energy generation by three-body binaries and its N-dependence. We estimate the following free parameters of anisotropic gaseous models: the time scale for collisional anisotropy decay and the coefficient in the formulae for energy generation by three-body binaries. To achieve a fair agreement between N-body and gaseous models for the core in pre- as well as in post-collapse only the energy generation by binaries had to be varied by N. We find that anisotropy has considerable influence on the spatial structure of the cluster particularly for the intermediate and outer regions.
description: 24 pages (25 figures appended as postsript files)
Cooperative opinion dynamics on multiple interdependent topics: Modeling and analysis
Creators: name: Ahn, Hyo-Sung
name: Van Tran, Quoc
name: Trinh, Minh Hoang
name: Moore, Kevin L.
name: Ye, Mengbin
name: Liu, Ji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: To model the interdependent couplings of multiple topics, we develop a set of rules for opinion updates of a group of agents. The rules are used to design or assign values to the elements of interdependent weighting matrices. The cooperative and anti-cooperative couplings are modeled in both the inverse-proportional and proportional feedbacks. The behaviors of cooperative opinion dynamics are analyzed using a null space property of state-dependent matrix-weighted Laplacian matrices and a Lyapunov candidate. Various consensus properties of state-dependent matrix-weighted Laplacian matrices are predicted according to the intra-agent network topology and inter-dependency topical coupling topologies.
Vigna unguiculata subsp. sesquipedalis Walp.
Creators: name: Jarvis, Charlie
Publisher: name: Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum
Year: 2007
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Fabales
Fabaceae
Vigna
Vigna unguiculata
Vigna unguiculata (l.) walp. subsp. sesquipedalis (l.) verdc.

description: Dolichos sesquipedalis Linnaeus, Species Plantarum, ed. 2, 2: 1019. 1763.
"Habitat in America." RCN: 5335.
 Neotype (Westphal, Pulses Ethiopia, Taxon. Agric. Signif.: 214. 1974): Westphal 8677 (WAG; iso- K, P).
 Current name:  Vigna unguiculata  (L.) Walp. subsp.  sesquipedalis  (L.) Verdc. (Fabaceae: Faboideae).
description: Published as part of Jarvis, Charlie, 2007, Chapter 7: Linnaean Plant Names and their Types (part D), pp. 474-489 in Order out of Chaos. Linnaean Plant Types and their Types, London :Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum on page 485, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.291971
Smoothly evolving Supercritical-String Dark Energy relaxes Supersymmetric-Dark-Matter Constraints
Creators: name: Lahanas, A. B.
name: Mavromatos, N. E.
name: Nanopoulos, D. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that Supercritical-String-Cosmology (SSC) off-equilibrium and time-dependent-dilaton effects lead to a smoothly evolving dark energy for the last 10 billion years in concordance with all presently available astrophysical data. Such effects dilute by a factor O (10) the supersymmetric dark matter density (neutralinos), relaxing severe WMAP 1,3 constraints on the SUSY parameter space. Thus, LHC anticipated searches/discoveries may discriminate between conventional and Supercritical-String Cosmology.
description: 13 pages revtex, 5 eps figures incorporated. Version to appear in Physics Lett. B, no effects on conclusions
Open and transparent leadership in academia
Creators: name: Whitaker, Kirstie
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020

description: Slides for Kirstie's talk on next steps for community building and culture change at your home institution at the Advanced Methods for Reproducible Science workshop on 10 January 2020 Abstract: We know everyone's story is curated. It's one of the most important aspects of self care: to remember that people don't post on social media their mediocre days or achievements! But telling stories are also powerful ways to affect change. To connect with people and create a richer tapestry of experiences to inspire and empower a diverse community of researchers. In this talk I will demonstrate a few different ways of telling my own story from from Physics, to Neuroscience, to Data Science. I'll present how I strategically engage with the people I interact with to understand their needs and deliver advice and information that will help them with their work. I include a recommendation to always prioritise your own health and wellbeing: to secure your own oxygen mask first before assisting others. My goal is to support audience members to feel empowered to share their knowledge with others as leaders of their community. Bio: Kirstie Whitaker is a research fellow at the Alan Turing Institute (London, UK) and senior research associate in the Department of Psychiatry at the University of Cambridge. Her work covers a broad range of interests and methods, but the driving principle is to improve the lives of neurodivergent people and people with mental health conditions. Dr Whitaker uses magnetic resonance imaging to study child and adolescent brain development and participatory citizen science to educate non-autistic people about how they can better support autistic friends and colleagues. She is the lead developer of The Turing Way, an openly developed educational resource to enable more reproducible data science. Kirstie is a passionate advocate for making science "open for all" by promoting equity and inclusion for people from diverse backgrounds, and by changing the academic incentive structure to reward collaborative working. She is the chair of the Turing Institute's Ethics Advisory Group, a Fulbright scholarship alumna and was a 2016/17 Mozilla Fellow for Science. Kirstie was named, with her collaborator Petra Vertes, as a 2016 Global Thinker by Foreign Policy magazine. You can find more information at her lab website: whitakerlab.github.io.
Causal Set Generator and Action Computer
Creators: name: Cunningham, William J.
name: Krioukov, Dmitri
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The causal set approach to quantum gravity has gained traction over the past three decades, but numerical experiments involving causal sets have been limited to relatively small scales. The software suite presented here provides a new framework for the generation and study of causal sets. Its efficiency surpasses previous implementations by several orders of magnitude. We highlight several important features of the code, including the compact data structures, the $O(N^2)$ causal set generation process, and several implementations of the $O(N^3)$ algorithm to compute the Benincasa-Dowker action of compact regions of spacetime. We show that by tailoring the data structures and algorithms to take advantage of low-level CPU and GPU architecture designs, we are able to increase the efficiency and reduce the amount of required memory significantly. The presented algorithms and their implementations rely on methods that use CUDA, OpenMP, x86 Assembly, SSE/AVX, Pthreads, and MPI. We also analyze the scaling of the algorithms' running times with respect to the problem size and available resources, with suggestions on how to modify the code for future hardware architectures.
description: 14 pages, 6 figures. Code may be downloaded at
Consensus and Disagreement of Heterogeneous Belief Systems in Influence Networks
Creators: name: Ye, Mengbin
name: Liu, Ji
name: Wang, Lili
name: Anderson, Brian D. O.
name: Cao, Ming
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: Multiagent Systems (cs.MA)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Recently, an opinion dynamics model has been proposed to describe a network of individuals discussing a set of logically interdependent topics. For each individual, the set of topics and the logical interdependencies between the topics (captured by a logic matrix) form a belief system. We investigate the role the logic matrix and its structure plays in determining the final opinions, including existence of the limiting opinions, of a strongly connected network of individuals. We provide a set of results that, given a set of individuals' belief systems, allow a systematic determination of which topics will reach a consensus, and which topics will disagreement in arise. For irreducible logic matrices, each topic reaches a consensus. For reducible logic matrices, which indicates a cascade interdependence relationship, conditions are given on whether a topic will reach a consensus or not. It turns out that heterogeneity among the individuals' logic matrices, including especially differences in the signs of the off-diagonal entries, can be a key determining factor. This paper thus attributes, for the first time, a strong diversity of limiting opinions to heterogeneity of belief systems in influence networks, in addition to the more typical explanation that strong diversity arises from individual stubbornness.
description: Submitted journal paper
Memories of War and Home Front - Victor Winter
Creators: name: Project Team, Their Finest Hour
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 430304
subject: British history
classificationCode: 430308
subject: European history (excl. British, classical Greek and Roman)
classificationCode: 430316
subject: International history

description: Memories of Victor Winter on the home front (see attached).
Diffraction at HERA, the Tevatron and the LHC
Creators: name: Royon, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In these lectures, we present and discuss the most recent results on inclusive diffraction from the HERA and Tevatron colliders and give the prospects for the future at the LHC. Of special interest is the exclusive production of Higgs boson and heavy objects ($W$, top, stop pairs) which will require a better understanding of diffractive events and the link between $ep$ and hadronic colliders, as well as precise measurements and analyses of inclusive diffraction at the LHC in particular to constrain further the gluon density in the pomeron.
description: Lectures at the Zakopane Summer school, Poland
Dipsacus fullonum Linnaeus 1763
Creators: name: Jarvis, Charlie
Publisher: name: Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum
Year: 2007
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Dipsacales
Dipsacaceae
Dipsacus
Dipsacus fullonum

description: Dipsacus fullonum Linnaeus, Species Plantarum 1: 97. 1753.
"Habitat in Gallia, Anglia, Italia." RCN: 794.
 Lectotype (Wilmott in Rep. Bot. Soc. Exch. Club Brit. Isles 13: 20. 1947): Herb. Linn. No. 119.1 (LINN).
 Generitype of Dipsacus Linnaeus (vide Hitchcock, Prop. Brit. Bot.: 123. 1929).
 Current name:  Dipsacus fullonum  L. (Dipsacaceae).
 Note: Lambinon (in Taxon 30: 362. 1981) proposed the rejection of the name as a nomen ambiguum, but the Committee for Spermatophyta (in Taxon 35: 559. 1986) declined the proposal.
description: Published as part of Jarvis, Charlie, 2007, Chapter 7: Linnaean Plant Names and their Types (part D), pp. 474-489 in Order out of Chaos. Linnaean Plant Types and their Types, London :Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum on page 483, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.291971
Reserved occupations and women at work
Creators: name: Project Team, Their Finest Hour
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 430304
subject: British history
classificationCode: 430308
subject: European history (excl. British, classical Greek and Roman)
classificationCode: 430316
subject: International history

description: Not everyone went to fight in the war. Some men stayed behind to do highly skilled work or specially trained jobs. My Grandad was a metalworker and was on the reserved occupation list. He was not allowed to join the forces and had to stay behind and work. Many men did have to go and fight in foreign countries. This meant there were a lot of jobs in factories and warehouses, farms, etc that were filled by women. My Grandma worked in a factory that made ammunition. Because of shortages of lots of items the Government introduced rationing of metal, fuels and food amongst other things. People had to improvise and find ways of getting enough to eat, to warm the house, wash clothes and get things for home. Grandma Harvey was able to get a shell casing from the factory and Grandad Harvey used his lathe with some nuts and bolts to form a poker. This became their fireside set when the only way of heating the house was the main coal fire. Because it was made so well it was never replaced and when they passed away my Mum put it in her loft. As we now have a wood burner at home I was given it with the promise to never sell our piece of family and ww2 history.
Realizing the insulator-to-metal transition in Se-hyperdoped Si via non-equilibrium material processing
Creators: name: Liu, F.
name: Prucnal, S.
name: Berencén, Y.
name: Zhang, Z.
name: Yuan, Y.
name: Liu, Y.
name: Heller, R.
name: Boettger, R.
name: Rebohle, L.
name: Skorupa, W.
name: Helm, M.
name: Zhou, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on the insulator-to-metal transition in Se-hyperdoped Si layers driven by manipulating the Se concentration via non-equilibrium material processing, i.e. ion implantation followed by millisecond-flash lamp annealing. Electrical transport measurements reveal an increase of carrier concentration and conductivity with increasing Se concentration. For the semi-insulating sample with Se concentrations below the Mott limit, quantitative analysis of the temperature dependence of conductivity indicates a variable-range hopping mechanism with an exponent of s = 1/2 rather than 1/4, which implies a Coulomb gap at the Fermi level. The observed insulator-to-metal transition is attributed to the formation of an intermediate band in the Se-hyperdoped Si layers.
description: 10 pages, 4 figures, accepted by J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys
The spin-1/2 Heisenberg antiferromagnet on the pyrochlore lattice: An exact diagonalisation study
Creators: name: Chandra, V. Ravi
name: Sahoo, Jyotisman
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present exact diagonalisation calculations for the spin-1/2 nearest neighbour antiferromagnet on the pyrochlore lattice. We study a section of the lattice in the $[111]$ direction and analyse the Hamiltonian of the breathing pyrochlore system with two coupling constants $J_1$ and $J_2$ for tetrahedra of different orientations and investigate the evolution of the system from the limit of disconnected tetrahedra ($J_2 = 0$) to a correlated state at $J_1=J_2$. We evaluate the low energy spectrum, two and four spin correlations, and spin chirality correlations for a system size of up to 36 sites. The model shows a fast decay of spin correlations and we confirm the presence of several singlet excitations below the lowest magnetic excitation. We find chirality correlations near $J_1=J_2$ to be small at the length scales available at this system size. Evaluation of dimer-dimer correlations and analysis of the nature of the entanglement of the tetrahedral unit shows that the triplet sector of the tetrahedron contributes significantly to the ground state entanglement at $J_1 = J_2$.
description: Published version of the article. (No change in scientific results. Improved Fig. 1 and some additions to text, references and figure captions.)
The WWII stories of Robert and Margaret Mackay, Roster, Caithness
Creators: name: Project Team, Their Finest Hour
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 430304
subject: British history
classificationCode: 430308
subject: European history (excl. British, classical Greek and Roman)
classificationCode: 430316
subject: International history

description: The attached PDF contains the life stories of Robert Mackay, a WWII RAF veteran and skilled builder, and his wife Margaret, who worked at Bletchley Park, detailing their experiences during and after the war.
|V_us| and m_s from hadronic tau decays
Creators: name: Gamiz, Elvira
name: Jamin, Matthias
name: Pich, Antonio
name: Prades, Joaquim
name: Schwab, Felix
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent progress in the determination of |V_us| employing strange hadronic tau-decay data are reported. This includes using the recent OPAL update of the strange spectral function, as well as augmenting the dimension-two perturbative contribution with the recently calculated order alpha_s^3 term on the theory side. These updates result in |V_us| = 0.2220 +- 0.0033, with the uncertainty presently being dominated by experiment, and already being competitive with the standard extraction from K_e3 decays and other new proposals to determine |V_us|. In view of the ongoing work to analyse tau-decay data at the B-factories BaBar and Belle, as well as future results from BESIII, the error on |V_us| from tau decays is expected to be much reduced in the near future.
description: 5 pages. Invited talk presented by M.J. at Tau06, 19-22 September 2006, Pisa, Italy