Zonopimpla Ashmead 1900
Creators: name: Khalaim, Andrey I.
name: Ruíz-Cancino, Enrique
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Ichneumonidae
Zonopimpla

description: Genus Zonopimpla Ashmead, 1900
Zonopimpla Ashmead 1900: 55. Type species: Zonopimpla albicincta Ashmead, 1900, by original designation.
Synonym:
Cenodontis Townes, 1969 (Gauld 1991: 247).
References. Townes & Townes 1966: 16 [catalogue; 6 species in Neotropical region; 1 species in Mexico]. Gauld 1991: 247 [description; review of 13 species from Costa Rica (12 described as new); key]. Gauld et al. 1998: 30 [24 species from Costa Rica (11 described as new); key]. Ruíz-Cancino et al. 2002: 645 [checklist; 1 species in Mexico]. Gauld et al. 2002: 38 [1 species in El Salvador]. Varela & Díaz 2010 [review of 11 species from Venezuela (9 described as new); key]. Victorino et al. 2023 [1 new species from Brazil].
Zonopimpla is an exclusively Neotropical genus with about 39 species, of them 24 species occur in Central America. Seven species of Zonopimpla are found to occur in Mexico, including four undescribed taxa.
Species of Zonopimpla are known as solitary or gregarious parasitoids in pupae and prepupae of coleopteran and lepidopteran hosts in galls, leaf mines and similar situations (Gauld 1991; Gauld et al. 1998).
Key to species of Zonopimpla occurring in Mexico
1. Epicnemial carina absent. Epicnemium with vertical secondary carina at level of lower corner of pronotum............................................................................................. 1. Z. armandoi Gauld et al.
- Epicnemial carina present at least ventrally. Epicnemium without a vertical crest................................... 2
2. Head entirely black (Fig. 11) or black with white markings (Fig. 16)............................................. 3
- Head entirely or predominantly yellow or reddish orange (Figs 20, 29, 38)........................................ 4
3. Mesosoma orange; propleuron and anterior margin of pronotum blackish (Fig. 12). Head entirely black (Fig. 11). Pleural carina completely absent (Fig. 13). All coxae black, sometimes narrowly orange basally (Fig. 10). First tergite with lateromedian carinae very strong, reaching about 0.8 of tergite (Fig. 14)................................... 2. Z. atriceps (Cresson)
- Mesosoma predominantly black, sometimes partly reddish brown (Fig. 17). Head black with facial margins white (Fig. 16). Pleural carina present (Fig. 17). Fore and mid coxae white, hind coxa black or dark reddish brown (Fig. 17). First tergite with lateromedian carinae weaker and shorter, less than 0.4 of tergite (Fig. 18)................... 3. Z. lorraineae Gauld et al.
4. Metasoma reddish brown, posterior or posterolateral margins of tergites 2–5 black (Fig. 19). Ovipositor weakly decurved (Fig. 19)................................................................................ 4. Z. malevola sp. nov.
- Metasoma black with white markings (Figs 28, 35, 37). Ovipositor straight or weakly upcurved (Figs 28, 35, 37)......... 5
5. Mesopleuron orange (Fig. 32). Face white with a blackish median longitudinal stripe (Fig. 29). Fore wing with areolet very small. First tergite with lateromedian carinae strong, almost reaching posterior end of tergite (Fig. 33). Second tergite with distinct punctures centrally (Fig. 33)..................................................... 5. Z. munifica sp. nov.
- Mesopleuron entirely or predominantly white (Figs 36, 41). Face entirely white (Fig. 38). Fore wing with areolet moderately large (Fig. 40). First tergite with lateromedian carinae shorter, reaching at most centre of tergite. Second tergite polished, impunctate or with fine and sparse punctures centrally (Figs 43, 44)............................................. 6
6. Second tergite polished, impunctate. Ovipositor straight (Fig. 35); apex of lower valve not expanded dorsolaterally (as in Fig. 34)................................................................................ 6. Z. nutabilis sp. nov.
- Second tergite with sparse punctures (Figs 43, 44). Ovipositor apically slightly sinuate (Fig. 37); apex of lower valve distinctly expanded dorsolaterally to partially enclose the upper valve (Fig. 39)............................ 7. Z. puebla sp. nov.
description: Published as part of Khalaim, Andrey I. & Ruíz-Cancino, Enrique, 2023, Darwin wasps of the subfamily Pimplinae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) of Mexico: Camptotypus genus-group, pp. 47-72 in Zootaxa 5330 (1) on page 54, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5330.1.2, http://zenodo.org/record/8249146