cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
New Postal Service and Public Administration
Creators: name: Brankovic, Biljana
name: Pavlovic, Marko
name: Brankovic, Biljana
name: Pavlovic, Marko
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Public Economics
subject: E-Commerce
subject: mail
subject: administration

description: In accordance with European legislation, legal decisions in recent years in Serbia and in practice, demonstrate a clear orientation to the authorities, particularly the Government of Serbia and relevant ministries, to create a modern and transparent legal framework for the introduction of a fully secure electronic services, which use Serbia will slowly introduce the family of European countries that actively support the business and ecologically very reasonable dematerialization of business. This paper will show that the strategic partnership of Post Serbia and Public Administration in developing new services most appropriate and productive model of the business association, both in terms of capital and the necessary technical, human and marketing resources, and in terms of speed of introducing new services to market in Serbia and other markets in the region.
Global Monte Carlo for fermions using ordered statistics
Creators: name: Borici, Artan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this talk I discuss a new possibility for stochastic representation of the fe rmion determinant. The method can be used for global Monte Carlo fermion algorit hms and is tested in the case of the Schwinger model.
description: 3 pages, Lattice2003 (Machines I)
Partial time-reversal invariance violation in a flat, superconducting microwave cavity with the shape of a chaotic Africa billiard
Creators: name: Dietz, B.
name: Klaus, T.
name: Miski-Oglu, M.
name: Richter, A.
name: Wunderle, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on the experimental realization of a flat, superconducting microwave resonator, a microwave billiard, with partially violated time-reversal (T ) invariance, induced by inserting a ferrite into the cavity and magnetizing it with an external magnetic field perpendicular to the resonator plane. In order to prevent its expulsion caused by the Meissner-Ochsenfeld effect we used a cavity of which the top and bottom plate were made from niobium, a superconductor of type II, and cooled it down to liquid-helium temperature T LHe ' 4 K. The Cavity had the shape of a chaotic Afrivca billiard. Superconductivity rendered possible the accurate determination of complete sequences of the resonance frequencies and of the widths and strengths of the resonances, an indispensable prerequisite for the unambiguous detection of T invariance violation, especially when it is only partially violated. This allows for the first time the precise specification of the size of T invariance violation from the fluctuation properties of the resonance frequencies and from the strength distribution, which actually depends sensitively on it and thus provides a most suitable measure. For this purpose we derived an analytical expression for the latter which is valid for isolated resonances in the range from no T invariance violation to complete violation.
The Research-Data-Centre in Research-Data-Centre Approach: A First Step Towards Decentralised International Data Sharing
Creators: name: Srefan Bender
name: Heining, Jörg
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011

description: This presentation will give an overview of the transnational remote access parts and presents first experiences of establishing a German research data center in the US (at ISR). DwB will have a great impact on the data access landscape in Europe.
Semiparametric Estimation of the Shape of the Limiting Bivariate Point Cloud
Creators: name: Majumder, Reetam
name: Shaby, Benjamin A.
name: Reich, Brian J.
name: Cooley, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We propose a model to flexibly estimate joint tail properties by exploiting the convergence of an appropriately scaled point cloud onto a compact limit set. Characteristics of the shape of the limit set correspond to key tail dependence properties. We directly model the shape of the limit set using Bezier splines, which allow flexible and parsimonious specification of shapes in two dimensions. We fit the Bezier splines to data in pseudo-polar coordinates using Markov chain Monte Carlo sampling, utilizing a limiting approximation to the conditional likelihood of the radii given angles. We propose a novel prior on the shape of the limit set via constraints on the parameters of the Bezier splines. A direct advantage of our Bayesian approach is that the support of this prior guarantees that each posterior sample is a valid limit set boundary, allowing direct posterior analysis of any quantity derived from the shape of the curve. Furthermore, we obtain interpretable inference on the asymptotic dependence class by using mixture priors with point masses on the corner of the unit box. Finally, we apply our model to bivariate datasets of extremes of variables related to fire risk and air pollution.
Finite-Dimensional PT-Symmetric Hamiltonians
Creators: name: Bender, Carl M.
name: Meisinger, Peter N.
name: Wang, Qinghai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper investigates finite-dimensional representations of PT-symmetric Hamiltonians. In doing so, it clarifies some of the claims made in earlier papers on PT-symmetric quantum mechanics. In particular, it is shown here that there are two ways to extend real symmetric Hamiltonians into the complex domain: (i) The usual approach is to generalize such Hamiltonians to include complex Hermitian Hamiltonians. (ii) Alternatively, one can generalize real symmetric Hamiltonians to include complex PT-symmetric Hamiltonians. In the first approach the spectrum remains real, while in the second approach the spectrum remains real if the PT symmetry is not broken. Both generalizations give a consistent theory of quantum mechanics, but if D>2, a D-dimensional Hermitian matrix Hamiltonian has more arbitrary parameters than a D-dimensional PT-symmetric matrix Hamiltonian.
description: 8 pages, 1 figure
Additional file 2 of Immunohistochemical analysis of adipokine and adipokine receptor expression in the breast tumor microenvironment: associations of lower leptin receptor expression with estrogen receptor-negative status and triple-negative subtype
Creators: name: Adana Llanos
name: Lin, Yong
name: Wenjin Chen
name: Yao, Song
name: Norin, Jorden
name: Chekmareva, Marina
name: Omene, Coral
name: Cong, Lei
name: Omilian, Angela
name: Thaer Khoury
name: Chi-Chen Hong
name: Shridar Ganesan
name: Foran, David
name: Higgins, Michael
name: Ambrosone, Christine
name: Bandera, Elisa
name: Kitaw Demissie
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 2: Table S2. Mean adipokine and adipokine receptor IHC expression, by select factors, among White participants only.
Langara Park : Rethinking Urban Golf Courses
Creators: name: Kang, Kelly
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2023

description: The Langara Park project explores how public golf courses could be transformed to provide more equitable access to green space and create a more resilient and adaptable city. The site is currently the Langara Golf Course, one of the three city-run eighteen-hole golf courses in Vancouver, Canada. It is located east of the Cambie Corridor/ Street, and within a five-minute walking distance from the Langara-49 Avenue skytrain station. With an ambitious Cambie Corridor Plan, the City of Vancouver is planning to double the population and add over 30,000 new homes in the corridor in the next 30 years. Instead of a golf course that only serves a privileged few, Langara Park promotes sustainable water management practices by bringing back the natural stream, celebrating Vancouver's unique history and culture, and connecting people to local food, plants, and artists.
Unconventional Measures of Monetary Policy in the Function of Financial Stability
Creators: name: Muric, Mehmed
name: Muric, Mehmed
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Financial Economics
subject: Unconventional Measures
subject: Credit easing
subject: Quantitative Easing
subject: Liquidity Easing
subject: Foreign Exchange Easing

description: The negative changes in the international financial environment which were caused by the crisis of the sub-prime mortgage market in the United States of America have had a significant effect on the global economy in spite of the conjoint efforts of the leading world economies to counter this trend. The end of 2008 and beginning of 2009 were marked by deterioration of the macroeconomic indicators as the world economy went through the largest recession in the past 60 years. The countries which heavily depend on foreign source of funding were the most affected by the consequences of the crisis. The devastating wave of the global financial crisis led both central banks of the developed economies and those of the developing economies alike to take necessary measures as the conventional monetary policies did not react adequately or the effects were very weak. These measures are unconventional in the sense that they are a clear departure from the policy implementation framework built up by central banks over the past twenty years. This paper deals with the theoretical aspect of unconventional measures of monetary policy with special emphasis on the necessary framework for classification of unconventional measures. The goal of this paper is to show the different kinds of unconventional measures of monetary policies which used by both, developed and developing countries.
Gradient Profile Estimation Using Exponential Cubic Spline Smoothing in a Bayesian Framework
Creators: name: De Silva, Kushani
name: Cafaro, Carlo
name: Giffin, Adom
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Attaining reliable profile gradients is of utmost relevance for many physical systems. In most situations, the estimation of gradient can be inaccurate due to noise. It is common practice to first estimate the underlying system and then compute the profile gradient by taking the subsequent analytic derivative. The underlying system is often estimated by fitting or smoothing the data using other techniques. Taking the subsequent analytic derivative of an estimated function can be ill-posed. The ill-posedness gets worse as the noise in the system increases. As a result, the uncertainty generated in the gradient estimate increases. In this paper, a theoretical framework for a method to estimate the profile gradient of discrete noisy data is presented. The method is developed within a Bayesian framework. Comprehensive numerical experiments are conducted on synthetic data at different levels of random noise. The accuracy of the proposed method is quantified. Our findings suggest that the proposed gradient profile estimation method outperforms the state-of-the-art methods.
description: 24 pages, 8 figures, 4 tables
Establishing CRM in Small Enterprises
Creators: name: Milovic, Boris
name: Milovic, Boris
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Institutional and Behavioral Economics
subject: CRM
subject: small enterprise
subject: eCRM
subject: Competitive advantage
subject: CRM strategy

description: CRM businеss strаtеgy cаn hеlp smаll еntеrprisеs ovеrcomе thеir compеtitors аnd providе аdditionаl vаluе to thеir customеrs. Unlikе big compаniеs, littlе аttеntion is dеvotеd to аddrеssing thе CRM-rеlаtеd problеm of smаll еntеrprisеs. CRM is а еntеrprisе strаtеgy thаt cаn bе аppliеd within thе compаny rеgаrdlеss of thе sizе of thе compаny or thе аmount of goods or sеrvicеs sold; lаrgе аnd smаll еntеrprisеs аssеss thе quаlity of customеr sеrvicе, customеr loyаlty, which аrе lеss sеnsitivе to pricе chаngеs аnd rеcognizе thаt аttrаcting nеw customеrs is еxpеnsivе. This pаpеr еxplorеs thе аdvаntаgеs аnd disаdvаntаgеs in mаnаging rеlаtionships with customеrs within thе smаll еntеrprisе unit.
Structuring Unstructured Data Using Controlled Vocabularies
Creators: name: Schaible, Johann
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011

description: The Data Documentation Initiative (DDI) is a metadata specification expressed in XML for describing data from e.g. social sciences. DDI metadata allows collecting, processing, analyzing, discovering, distributing and archiving data. The current version is DDI 3, which includes controlled vocabularies, so data sets are categorized, which leads to structured data sets and hence additional information. In practice in DDI 3 there is still a lot of unstructured data stored in uncategorized plain text fields, especially when converted from DDI 2. This means the document contains less information than it should, but to categorize those plain text fields manually would be too inefficient and error-prone. In this paper, we present a solution for categorizing the free texts automatically. This solution is based on the Recommind Mindserver, which uses sophisticated text mining algorithms to categorize the text based on a training sample. This way, the manual task of categorization can be automated, enriching documents in which this metadata is missing.
Duality and Mock Modularity
Creators: name: Dabholkar, Atish
name: Putrov, Pavel
name: Witten, Edward
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive a holomorphic anomaly equation for the Vafa-Witten partition function for twisted four-dimensional $\mathcal{N} =4$ super Yang-Mills theory on $\mathbb{CP}^{2}$ for the gauge group $SO(3)$ from the path integral of the effective theory on the Coulomb branch. The holomorphic kernel of this equation, which receives contributions only from the instantons, is not modular but `mock modular'. The partition function has correct modular properties expected from $S$-duality only after including the anomalous nonholomorphic boundary contributions from anti-instantons. Using M-theory duality, we relate this phenomenon to the holomorphic anomaly of the elliptic genus of a two-dimensional noncompact sigma model and compute it independently in two dimensions. The anomaly both in four and in two dimensions can be traced to a topological term in the effective action of six-dimensional (2,0) theory on the tensor branch. We consider generalizations to other manifolds and other gauge groups to show that mock modularity is generic and essential for exhibiting duality when the relevant field space is noncompact.
description: 50 pages, 1 figure; v2: misprints corrected, clarifications added in Section 5.1; v3: minor clarifications added
Electroweak Radiative Corrections to Associated WH and ZH Production at Hadron Colliders
Creators: name: Ciccolini, M. L.
name: Dittmaier, S.
name: Krämer, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Higgs-boson production in association with W or Z bosons, p pbar -> WH/ZH + X, is the most promising discovery channel for a light Standard Model Higgs particle at the Fermilab Tevatron. We present the calculation of the electroweak O(alpha) corrections to these processes. The corrections decrease the theoretical prediction by up to 5-10%, depending in detail on the Higgs-boson mass and the input-parameter scheme. We update the cross-section prediction for associated WH and ZH production at the Tevatron and at the LHC, including the next-to-leading order electroweak and QCD corrections, and study the theoretical uncertainties induced by factorization and renormalization scale dependences and by the parton distribution functions.
description: 32 pages, LaTeX, 21 figures. Uses axodraw.sty and feynarts.sty. Added references
Additional file 1 of Effectiveness of herbal oral care products in reducing dental plaque & gingivitis â€“ a systematic review and meta-analysis
Creators: name: Chandrashekar Janakiram
name: Ramanarayanan Venkitachalam
name: Fontelo, Paul
name: Iafolla, Timothy
name: Dye, Bruce
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1 Figure S1 Review authors' judgements about each risk of bias item for each included study. Figure S2 Risk of bias graph: review authors' judgements about each risk of bias item presented as percentages across included studies. Table S1 Table S2. List of excluded studies and reasons for exclusion
Byssosphaeria clematidis L. L. Liu & Z. Y. Liu 2025, comb. nov.
Creators: name: Liu, Ling-Ling
name: Liu, Yong-Xiang
name: Chen, Ya-Ya
name: Gou, Jiu-Lan
name: Chi, Feng
name: Liu, Yi
name: Gu, Xiao-Feng
name: Wei, Quan-Quan
name: Zhang, Meng
name: Liu, Zuo-Yi
name: Zhou, Si
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Fungi
Ascomycota
Dothideomycetes
Pleosporales
Melanommataceae
Byssosphaeria
Byssosphaeria clematidis

description: Byssosphaeria clematidis (Wanas., Phukhams., E. B. G. Jones & K. D. Hyde) L. L. Liu & Z. Y. Liu comb. nov.
Basionym.
Neobyssosphaeria clematidis Wanas, Phukhams., E. B. G. Jones, & K. D. Hyde, Fungal Diversity 102: 57 (2020).
Material examined.
UK • Hampshire, Botleywood, on dead stems of Clematis vitalba, 25 May, 2016, E. B. G. Jones, GJ 298 (MFLU 17-0614, holotype); • ex-type living culture, MFLUCC 17-0794.
Description.
Phukhamsakda et al. (2020).
GenBank accession numbers.
LSU: MT 214566; SSU: MT 408594.
Taxonomic notes.
Phukhamsakda et al. (2020) introduced Neobyssosphaeria, which was grouped with Byssosphaeria to form a basal lineage in their phylogenetic analyses of combined LSU, SSU, and ITS sequence data. Morphologically, Phukhamsakda et al. (2020) distinguished Neobyssosphaeria from Byssosphaeria by immersed ascomata with central papilla filled with periphyses, cellular pseudoparaphyses, and broad fusiform and hyaline ascospores. However, these characters also exist in some Byssosphaeria species. For example, B. siamensis has ascomata with cellular pseudoparaphyses (Tian et al. 2015), and other species, such as B. salebrosa and B. villosa, have broad, fusiform, and hyaline ascospores (Samuels and Müller 1978; Barr 1984), being reminiscent of Neobyssosphaeria clematidis (Phukhamsakda et al. 2020). The only distinctive features are immersed ascomata in Neobyssosphaeria and superficial ascomata in Byssosphaeria. We regard it as not sufficient for the separation of these two genera (Sandoval-Denis et al. 2016; Sun et al. 2023). Additionally, in our phylogenetic analyses, Neobyssosphaeria clematidis formed an internal clade within Byssosphaeria. Therefore, we transfer Neobyssosphaeria clematidis to Byssosphaeria as B. clematidis and treat Neobyssosphaeria as a synonym of Byssosphaeria.
description: Published as part of Liu, Ling-Ling, Liu, Yong-Xiang, Chen, Ya-Ya, Gou, Jiu-Lan, Chi, Feng, Liu, Yi, Gu, Xiao-Feng, Wei, Quan-Quan, Zhang, Meng, Liu, Zuo-Yi & Zhou, Si, 2025, Freshwater fungi in the karst plateau wetlands from Guizhou Province, China: taxonomic novelties in Melanommataceae (Pleosporales), pp. 209-236 in MycoKeys 113 on pages 209-236, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.113.140684
Controlled Vocabularies - A New Product of the DDI Alliance
Creators: name: Ionescu, Sandra
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011

description: The DDI Alliance is publishing controlled vocabularies for a number of descriptive elements that are frequently used in data documentation. These vocabularies are issued as a separate product from the DDI schemas. They are declared in Genericode - an XML standard for defining code lists and an OASIS committee specification - and they are suitable to use in conjunction with DDI 3 and DDI 2 elements, as well as any matching elements in other data documentation standards. Multiple language translations are also supported. Our presentation will review the first set of published vocabularies, demonstrate how they can be accessed and used, and will offer a preview of those lists on which work is still in progress. We will also discuss the Controlled Vocabularies Working Group's approach to building these code lists, some of the challenges we faced, as well as plans to manage and develop the vocabularies moving forward.
Low Innovativeness as a Cause of Competitiveness of the Serbian Economy
Creators: name: Cvetanovic, Slobodan
name: Nedic, Vladimir
name: Despotovic, Danijela
name: Cvetanovic, Slobodan
name: Nedic, Vladimir
name: Despotovic, Danijela
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: innovativeness
subject: competitveness
subject: market sophistication

description: Starting with the stance that the basic cause of low competitiveness of a country is its innovative lagging behind, the paper compares the levels of competitiveness, innovativeness and their basic determinants of world’s economic and technological leaders and Serbia. Lagging of Serbia behind the most technologically leading world’s economies is present with all factors of innovativeness and is especially evident in terms of market sophistication.
Additional file 1 of Immunohistochemical analysis of adipokine and adipokine receptor expression in the breast tumor microenvironment: associations of lower leptin receptor expression with estrogen receptor-negative status and triple-negative subtype
Creators: name: Adana Llanos
name: Lin, Yong
name: Wenjin Chen
name: Yao, Song
name: Norin, Jorden
name: Chekmareva, Marina
name: Omene, Coral
name: Cong, Lei
name: Omilian, Angela
name: Thaer Khoury
name: Chi-Chen Hong
name: Shridar Ganesan
name: Foran, David
name: Higgins, Michael
name: Ambrosone, Christine
name: Bandera, Elisa
name: Kitaw Demissie
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Mean adipokine and adipokine receptor IHC expression, by select factors, among Black participants only.
Understanding Electricity-Theft Behavior via Multi-Source Data
Creators: name: Hu, Wenjie
name: Yang, Yang
name: Wang, Jianbo
name: Huang, Xuanwen
name: Cheng, Ziqiang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Electricity theft, the behavior that involves users conducting illegal operations on electrical meters to avoid individual electricity bills, is a common phenomenon in the developing countries. Considering its harmfulness to both power grids and the public, several mechanized methods have been developed to automatically recognize electricity-theft behaviors. However, these methods, which mainly assess users' electricity usage records, can be insufficient due to the diversity of theft tactics and the irregularity of user behaviors. In this paper, we propose to recognize electricity-theft behavior via multi-source data. In addition to users' electricity usage records, we analyze user behaviors by means of regional factors (non-technical loss) and climatic factors (temperature) in the corresponding transformer area. By conducting analytical experiments, we unearth several interesting patterns: for instance, electricity thieves are likely to consume much more electrical power than normal users, especially under extremely high or low temperatures. Motivated by these empirical observations, we further design a novel hierarchical framework for identifying electricity thieves. Experimental results based on a real-world dataset demonstrate that our proposed model can achieve the best performance in electricity-theft detection (e.g., at least +3.0% in terms of F0.5) compared with several baselines. Last but not least, our work has been applied by the State Grid of China and used to successfully catch electricity thieves in Hangzhou with a precision of 15% (an improvement form 0% attained by several other models the company employed) during monthly on-site investigation.
description: 11 pages, 8 figures, WWW'20 full paper
The Role of Electronic Exchanges in Enterprise Internet Business
Creators: name: Milovanovic, Slavoljub
name: Milovanovic, Slavoljub
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Institutional and Behavioral Economics
subject: electronic exchanges
subject: internet business
subject: B2B model of electronic business

description: Electronic exchanges represent the most important model of B2B (businessto- business) electronic business. B2B electronic business is collaboration which is established between organizations (private or public, profit or nonprofit organizations) by internet. The collaboration can be achieved between an organization and its partners in the same supply chain or between various organizations regardless of some supply chain. The basic characteristic of B2B electronic business is that organizations try to automatize trade process in order to improve it. In automatization of the process, electronic markets (e-markets) and electronic exchanges as a special form of the markets have specific role. Subject of research in this paper is characteristics, components and classification of electronic exchanges, critical success factors and criteria for evaluation of the exchanges as well.
N-Extended Lorentzian Kac-Moody algebras
Creators: name: Fring, Andreas
name: Whittington, Samuel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate a class of Kac-Moody algebras previously not considered. We refer to them as n-extended Lorentzian Kac-Moody algebras defined by their Dynkin diagrams through the connection of an $A_n$ Dynkin diagram to the node corresponding to the affine root. The cases $n=1$ and $n=2$ correspond to the well studied over and very extended Kac-Moody algebras, respectively, of which the particular examples of $E_{10}$ and $E_{11}$ play a prominent role in string and M-theory. We construct closed generic expressions for their associated roots, fundamental weights and Weyl vectors. We use these quantities to calculate specific constants from which the nodes can be determined that when deleted decompose the n-extended Lorentzian Kac-Moody algebras into simple Lie algebras and Lorentzian Kac-Moody algebra. The signature of these constants also serves to establish whether the algebras possess $SO(1,2)$ and/or $SO(3)$-principal subalgebras.
description: 20 pages, 1 figure
Exporting protection: EU trade agreements, geographical indications, and gastronationalism
Creators: name: Huysmans, Martijn
name: Huysmans, Martijn
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Trade agreements
subject: Geographical Indications
subject: Intellectual Property
subject: TRIPS
subject: European Union

description: A key objective of EU trade policy is to obtain wider protection for its specialty foods, known as Geographical Indications (GIs). While the WTO provides some protection for GIs under Trade Related Aspects of Intellectual Property (TRIPS), the EU has successfully considered additional protection for its GIs a red line in recent Free Trade Agreements (FTAs). FTAs are negotiated by the Commission but require member state approval. Given that both Greece and Italy have threatened not to ratify CETA over insufficient GI protection, GIs clearly matter. This article provides and analyzes new data on GI protection in 11 recent EU trade agreements. It finds that EU FTAs are more likely to protect GIs with higher sales values and from countries in the South of Europe, where GIs are highly salient because of gastronationalism. These findings illustrate how economic and political considerations shape and enable EU policy exports.
Quenching of hadron spectra in DIS on nuclear targets
Creators: name: Arleo, Francois
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The multiple scatterings incurred by a hard quark produced in a nuclear medium induce the emission of soft gluons which carry a fraction of the quark energy and eventually affect the hadronization process. Here, the depletion of semi-inclusive hadron spectra in DIS on various nuclei (N, Ne, Cu, Kr) is computed as a function of nu and z to leading order in alpha_s through medium-modified fragmentation functions. Using the transport coefficient q previously determined from Drell-Yan production, the predictions are found to be in good agreement with EMC and HERMES preliminary data. Calculations on Xe targets are also presented and discussed.
description: 20 pages, 8 figures
Interactive social distance and trust: Different measuring approaches among semi-nomadic pastoralists in Northern Kenya
Creators: name: Parlasca, Martin C.
name: Hermann, Daniel
name: Mubhoff, Oliver
name: Parlasca, Martin C.
name: Hermann, Daniel
name: Mubhoff, Oliver
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Public Economics
subject: C93
subject: O12
subject: D01

description: Trust is an essential part of economic interactions. Nearly all activities involving the exchange of goods or services require at least some degree of mutual confidence. Until today some of the lowest levels of social trust are found in sub-Saharan Africa, especially among pastoral communities. However, there is still high uncertainty about extend and drivers of trust in pastoral populations. In this study we analyze trust of 402 semi-nomadic pastoralists living in Turkana County, Northern Kenya using both incentivized experiments and survey trust questions. In particular, we measure the degree in which trust diminishes as interactive social distance increases by playing a trust game and randomly pairing respondents with a fellow villager, a pastoralist from a neighboring village, or a city dweller from the county’s capital. We find that trust towards fellow villagers is statistically significantly larger than trust towards city dwellers from the county capital. Survey responses also indicate that pastoralists place more trust in their fellow villagers than in pastoralists from neighboring villages, while behavior in the experiment does not show any statistically significant differences between these two groups. To overcome the trust barriers identified in this study, we suggest policy makers and practitioners that offer extension services for pastoralists to involve locally respected and trusted agents.
Role of instability on the limits of laterally strained detonation waves
Creators: name: Xiao, Qiang
name: Radulescu, Matei I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The present work examines the role of instability and diffusive phenomena in controlling the limits of detonations subject to lateral strain rates. Experiments were conducted in hydrocarbon-oxygen mixtures with varying levels of cellular instability. These detonations were propagated in channels with exponentially enlarging cross-sections, following the recent works of Radulescu \& Borzou (2018) and Xiao \& Radulescu (2020). Steady detonation waves were obtained at the macro-scale, with the near-limit reaction zone structures characterized by significant unreacted gas pockets. The turbulent flame burning velocity of these pockets was evaluated to be 30 m/s to 70 m/s, which is larger than the theoretical laminar value by a factor of 2 to 7. For all the mixtures tested, the characteristic $D-K$ relationships, relating the detonation mean propagation speed with lateral flow divergence, were obtained directly from experiments and as well from the generalized ZND model with lateral strain rates using detailed chemical kinetics. The results showed that the degree of departure between experiments and the theoretical predictions increases significantly with the detonation instability level. As compared to the laminar ZND wave, the more unstable detonations are much more detonable than the more stable detonations, with substantially larger limiting divergence rates and maximum velocity deficits. Such enhanced detonability with detonation instability can be manifested in the significantly enhanced global rates of energy release with the notably suppressed thermal character of ignition for the more unstable detonations. This globally enhanced burning mechanism is found to be realized by the intensified auto-ignition assisted by the turbulent diffusive burning of the unreacted gas pockets, substantially shortening the characteristic reaction zone lengths.
description: This paper (30 pages, 18 figures, and 4 tables) has been published in Combustion and Flame
An explicit example of a moduli driven phase transition in heterotic models
Creators: name: Gray, James
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an explicit example of a gauge symmetry breaking phase transition in heterotic models, the dynamics of which are not thermal and can be described in a well controlled manner throughout. The phase transition is driven by the evolution of bundle moduli - moduli associated with gauge field vacuum expectation values in the hidden dimensions. We present the necessary parts of the four dimensional effective theory including moduli which describe the embedding of the gauge bundle within the gauge group. We then present exact cosmological solutions to the system before going on to use them to describe the phase transition. The explicit nature of our description enables us to plot how the gauge bosons associated with the symmetries which are broken in the transition gain masses with time. This is in contrast to the use, for example, of a brane collision as a modulus driven phase transition. In the course of this work we find a number of other interesting results. We observe that the Kahler potential of the system is given by the logarithm of the volume of the compact space even when bundle moduli are included. We also note that the dynamics of the gauge bundle mean that small instanton transitions are classically forbidden for all but a set of measure zero of the initial conditions of the system. The paper is written in such a manner that the cosmological description of the phase transition can be read independently of the derivation of the four dimensional theory.
description: 25 pages, 5 figures
The welfare effects of crop biodiversity in the presence of market failures An empirical application on Kenya
Creators: name: Bozzola, Martina
name: Smale, Melinda
name: Bozzola, Martina
name: Smale, Melinda
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Farm Management
subject: Crop diversification
subject: Smallholder farmer
subject: Vulnerability
subject: Kenya

description: This paper investigates the effects of crop genetic diversity on farm income and production risk using a large panel dataset of rural households in Kenya. We consider three different metrics of in situ crop diversification (richness, evenness and concentration) and test the effects of each strategy on crop income and crop income vulnerability. We apply a comprehensive econometric approach that differentiates climatic shocks, weather and climate change. Welfare implications of diversity are evaluated using a partial moments-based approach. The results suggest that the benefits from higher diversification in terms of enhanced land productivity and lower production costs surpass the foregone benefit from higher efficiency in more concentrated production systems. Crop richness and evenness each reduce exposure to risk, especially for more vulnerable farmers producing below the expected revenue threshold. Farmers relying on greater crop specialisation, on the contrary, are more exposed to risk. In the absence of financial insurance for hedging, crop diversification may be a useful adaptation strategy.
Financing Gap Approach to Determination of Climate Change Vulnerability: An Example of Plantain Producers in Southwest Nigeria
Creators: name: Ojo, Mathew Paul
name: Ayanwale, Adeolu Babatunde
name: Ojo, Mathew Paul
name: Ayanwale, Adeolu Babatunde
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Agricultural Finance
subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Climate change
subject: Vulnerability
subject: Financing gap
subject: Plantain

description: One of the factors affecting availability of productive capital and exacerbating farmers’ vulnerability to climate change risks, is that they lack access to formal safety nets to which they could turn in times of need as most smallholder farmers lack capital and are unable to access credit. This study used a multi-stage sampling procedure to obtain a cross-sectional data from 300 plantain farmers in Southwest Nigeria and estimated their financing gap as a measure of their vulnerability to climate change hazards. Collected data were analysed using the Stochastic frontier function, the Harold-Dorma equation and the Foster Geer-Thorbecke (FGT) to determine the degree of farmers’ vulnerability. The Probit regression model was also used to examine factors affecting climate change adaptation methods in the study area. Results showed that with the vulnerability line at $409.6, more than two-third (84%) of the plantain farmers were vulnerable to climate change risks due to financial constraints, with 36% of the farmers being severely vulnerable. It required an average amount of $225.28 to get a farmer out of financial vulnerability. Also, the Probit result showed that access to credit, climate insurance and climate information were the major determinants of the use of climate change adaptation methods in the study area. The financing gap approach enabled the determination and extent of each farmer’s vulnerability. Measures aimed at bridging the financing gap of individual farmer through increased access to credit and improved climate change information services should therefore be vigorously pursued, to reduce vulnerability in the study area.
Quasilocal Center-of-Mass
Creators: name: Nester, James M.
name: Meng, Feng-Feng
name: Chen, Chiang-Mei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Gravitating systems have no well-defined local energy-momentum density. Various quasilocal proposals have been made, however the center-of-mass moment (COM) has generally been overlooked. Asymptotically flat graviating systems have 10 total conserved quantities associated with the Poincar{é} symmetry at infinity. In addition to energy-momentum and angular momentum (associated with translations and rotations) there is the boost quantity: the COM. A complete quasilocal formulation should include this quantity. Getting good values for the COM is a fairly strict requirement, imposing the most restrictive fall off conditions on the variables. We take a covariant Hamiltonian approach, associating Hamiltonian boundary terms with quasilocal quantities and boundary conditions. Unlike several others, our {\it covariant symplectic} quasilocal expressions do have the proper asymptotic form for all 10 quantities.
description: 4 pages, contribution to the 6th International Conference of Gravitation and Astrophysics, Seoul, 2003 (revised version)
On-Chip Phase-Shift Induced Control of Supercontinuum Generation in a Dual-Core Si$\mathbf{_{3}}$N$\mathbf{_{4}}$ Waveguide
Creators: name: Xia, Lisi
name: van der Slot, Peter J. M.
name: Timmerkamp, Maximilian
name: Bastiaens, Bert
name: Fallnich, Carsten
name: Boller, Klaus J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate on-chip spectral control of supercontinuum generation, taking advantage of the additional spatial degree of freedom in strongly-coupled dual-core waveguides. Using numerical integration of the multi-mode generalized nonlinear Schrödinger equation, we show that, with proper waveguide cross-section design, selective excitation of supermodes can vary the dispersion to its extremes, i.e., all-normal or anomalous dispersion can be selected via phase shifting in a Mach-Zehnder input circuit. The resulting control allows to provide vastly different supercontinuum spectra with the same waveguide circuit.
Representation of the Data Documentation Initiative using Semantic Web Technologies
Creators: name: Bosch, Thomas
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011

description: The Data Documentation Initiative (DDI) is an effort to create an international standard for describing data from the social and behavioral sciences. In order to establish DDI as a de facto metadata standard in this field DDI should reach a broader audience. The target group could be expanded if DDI structures are used in the increasingly popular Linked Open Data network. The approach is to publish data and metadata in form of a standard based exchange format like the widely accepted and applied Resource Description Framework (RDF), a Semantic Web technology specified by the W3C. Use cases will be exemplified in which specific problems can't be resolved without or could be solved in a better way using the RDF representation of data and metadata specified in DDI 3. In order to describe data and metadata specified in DDI 3 in form of RDF an ontology has to be built based on the conceptual model of DDI 3. This ontology should encompass the most relevant DDI 3 components. The outline of this approach will be described. Possible applications using the RDF representation of data and metadata will be discussed to show solutions for the issues associated with the identified use cases.
Additional file 2 of Evaluation of the effects of pycnogenol (French maritime pine bark extract) supplementation on inflammatory biomarkers and nutritional and clinical status in traumatic brain injury patients in an intensive care unit: A randomized clinical trial protocol
Creators: name: Malekahmadi, Mahsa
name: Moghaddam, Omid Moradi
name: Sheikh Islam
name: Kiarash Tanha
name: Nematy, Mohsen
name: Naseh Pahlavani
name: Safieh Firouzi
name: Zali, Mohammad
name: Abdolreza Norouzy
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 2. Statistical analysis plan.
Interference of Quantum Channels
Creators: name: Oi, Daniel K. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show how interferometry can be used to characterise certain aspects of general quantum processes, in particular, the coherence of completely positive maps. We derive a measure of coherent fidelity, maximum interference visibility and the closest unitary operator to a given physical process under this measure.
description: 4 pages, 5 figures, REVTeX 4, typographical corrections and added acknowledgement
Additional file 1 of Use of antidepressants and benzodiazepine-related hypnotics before and after initiation of TNF-α inhibitors or non-biological systemic treatment in patients with rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis or ankylosing spondylitis
Creators: name: Brenner, Philip
name: Citarella, Anna
name: Wingård, Louise
name: Sundström, Anders
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Ecology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1: Figure S1a–S1 f. Use of antidepressants among patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), psoriatic arthritis (PsA) and ankylosing spondylitis (AS) and their matched controls before and after treatment initiation with TNF-α inhibitors (TNF) and non-biologic systemic agents (NBS). Figure S2a–S2 f. Use of zolpidem/zopiclone (Z-drugs) among patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), psoriatic arthritis (PsA) and ankylosing spondylitis (AS) and their matched controls before and after treatment initiation with TNF-α inhibitors (TNF) and non-biologic system agents (NBS). Table S1. Characteristics of patients and controls by indication for treatment. Table S1b. Treatments (TNF-substance) in patients by indication for treatment. Table S1c. Treatments (NBS) in patients by indication for treatment. Table S2. Patients starting Anti-TNF treatment, proportion with fillings of antidepressants before and after treatment start. Table S3. Controls to patients starting Anti-TNF treatment, proportion with fillings of antidepressants before and after treatment start. Table S4. Patients starting Anti-TNF treatment, proportion with fillings of benzodiazepine related hypnotics before and after treatment start. Table S5. Controls to patients starting Anti-TNF treatment, proportion with fillings of benzodiazepine related hypnotics before and after treatment start. Table S6. Patients starting non-biological systemics, proportion with fillings of antidepressants (ADs) before and after treatment start. Table S7. Controls to patients starting non-biological systemics, proportion with fillings of antidepressants before and after treatment start. Table S8. Patients starting non-biologic systemics, proportion with fillings of benzodiazepine related hypnotics (BRH) before and after treatment start. Table S9. Controls to patients starting non-biological systemics, proportion with fillings of benzodiazepine related hypnotics (BRH) before and after treatment start.