cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
North Atlantic abrupt climatic events of the last glacial period recorded in Ukrainian loess deposits
Creators: name: Rousseau, Denis-Didier
name: Antoine, Pierre
name: Gerasimenko, N.
name: Sima, A.
name: Fuchs, M.
name: Hatté, Christine
name: Moine, Olivier
name: Zoeller, L.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2011
Subjects: Paleoclimatology
Geobiology

description: Loess deposits are widely distributed in the Northern Hemisphere, where they have recorded not only the glacial-interglacial cycles, but also millennial-timescale changes resembling those in marine and ice cores. Such abrupt variations are clearly marked in western European series, but have not yet been evidenced in the East of the continent. Here we present results of the high-resolution investigation of a Weichselian Upper Pleniglacial loess sequence (~38–15 ka) from Stayky, Ukraine. The stratigraphy shows an alternation of loess horizons and embryonic soils, similar to sequences from western Europe. Similarities are also found between variations of a grain-size index (ratio between coarse and fine material fractions) in Stayky and in western European profiles. Based on these similarities and in agreement with the luminescence dates, the embryonic soils are associated with the Greenland interstadials (GIS) 7 to 2, and the Vytachiv paleosol at the base of the sequence, with GIS 8. Pollen analysis indicates a wetter climate for these interstadials, allowing the development of arboreal vegetation, than for the stadials, which are marked by loess formation. The grain-size index reaches the highest values for intervals correlated with the Heinrich events 3 and 2. Thus, it appears that the North Atlantic abrupt climate changes have extended their influence and modulated the loess sedimentation at least as far as eastern Europe. This result is supported by recent climate modeling experiments and recommends the Stayky sequence as a reference for further comparisons between profiles along the Eurasian loess belt centered at 50° N.
title: A Study of the Interactions Between Milk Proteins and Soy Proteins
Creators: name: Narayanaswamy, Venkatachalam
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1997

description: This research investigates the protein interactions that occur when soy protein is added to milk and subjected to renneting or heating. Milk was fortified with 20% soy protein and enzymic coagulation studied at 35°C at various pH's and CaCl2 levels. The first part deals with the interaction between milk and soy proteins during rennet-induced milk coagulation. The first goal was to determine how soy proteins affected milk coagulation. The effects of native versus heat-denatured soy proteins on rennet coagulation time and curd firmness were compared. lmmunogold labeling along with transmission electron microscopy was used to identify and localfze soy proteins in coagulated milk. Partitioning of ß-conglycinin and glycinin, the two main soy protein fractions, between cheese and whey was determined by electrophoresis.
Soy proteins affected milk coagulation to the greatest extent at pH 6.6. Both heat-denatured and native soy proteins increased rennet coagulation time. Only heat-denatured soy proteins affected final curd firmness. Most of ß-conglycinin was lost in whey, whereas glycinin was retained in curd.
Soy proteins existed in the curd as aggregates that were less electron dense than casein micelles. At pH 6.6, heat-denatured soy proteins were fibrous and adhered to the surfaces of casein micelle, preventing direct micelle-micelle contact. This would delay aggregation rate and decrease curd firmness by decreasing the number and strength of links between casein micelles. Native soy proteins did not bind to the casein micelles but rather were physically trapped within curd. Their effect of delaying aggregation is thought to be a function of their binding of calcium. Adding CaCl2 or lowering the pH to 6.3 or 6.0 helped restore coagulation properties.
The second goal was to determine what heat-induced interaction occurs between milk and soy proteins, specifically between κ-casein and glycinin. Both κ-casein and glycinin are heat labile and form insoluble aggregates when heated. When glycinin and κ-casein were heated together, some acidic polypeptides of glycinin crosslinked with κ-casein via disulfide linkages. However, when disulfide linkage was prevented by adding ß-mercaptoethanol , non-covalent interactions between κ-casein and both acidic and basic polypeptides of glycinin occurred that prevented the heat precipitation of glycinin. This non-covalent interaction between glycinin polypeptides and κ-casein may explain why the heat-treated soy proteins became attached to the surfaces of casein micelles during rennet coagulation of milk.
Relativistic hybrid stars with super-strong toroidal magnetic fields: An evolutionary track with QCD phase transition
Creators: name: Yasutake, Nobutoshi
name: Kiuchi, Kenta
name: Kotake, Kei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate structures of hybrid stars, which feature quark core surrounded by a hadronic matter mantle, with super-strong toroidal magnetic fields in full general relativity. Modeling the equation of state (EOS) with a first order transition by bridging the MIT bag model for the description of quark matter and the nuclear EOS by Shen et al., we numerically construct thousands of the equilibrium configurations to study the effects of the phase transition. It is found that the appearance of the quark phase can affect distributions of the magnetic fields inside the hybrid stars, making the maximum field strength about up to 30 % larger than for the normal neutron stars. Using the equilibrium configurations, we explore the possible evolutionary paths to the formation of hybrid stars due to the spin-down of magnetized rotating neutron stars. We find that the energy release by the phase transition to the hybrid stars is quite large ($\la 10^{52} \rm erg$) even for super strongly magnetized compact stars. Our results suggest that the strong gravitational-wave emission and the sudden spin-up signature could be observable signals of the QCD phase transition, possibly for a source out to Megaparsec distances.
description: 17 pages, 10 figures. accepted to MNRAS
Post seismic response of repeating aftershocks
Creators: name: Schaff, David P.
name: Beroza, Gregory C.
name: Shaw, Bruce E.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1998
Subjects: Plate tectonics
Mechanics

description: The recurrence intervals of repeating earthquakes on the San Andreas Fault in the Loma Prieta aftershock zone follow the characteristic 1/t decay of Omori's law. A model in which these earthquakes occur on isolated patches of the fault that fail in stick-slip with creep around them can explain this observation. In this model the recurrence interval is inversely proportional to the loading rate due to creep. Logarithmic velocity strengthening friction predicts 1/t decay in creep rate following the mainshock. The time dependence of recurrence is inconsistent with a simple viscous constitutive relationship, which predicts an exponential decay of loading rate. Thus, our observations imply postseismic slip at seismogenic depth under a power law rheology. The time dependence of postseismic deformation measured geodetically may be diagnostic of whether postseismic deformation is caused by creep or possible viscoelastic deformation at greater depths.
title: The Contribution of Meats to Energy and Essential Nutrient Intakes of Women in the United States
Creators: name: Martin, C. Dian
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1994

description: This study used the 1987-88 USDA Nationwide Food Consumption Survey to investigate the contribution meat products make to intakes of nutrients at risk of inadequate or excessive consumption by women. The study is unique in that meat nutrients were extracted from mixed dishes, providing a more accurate picture of consumption. Cluster analysis was used to classify nonpregnant, nonlactating women 19 years and older based on their consumption patterns of total meat and individual meats (beef, poultry, processed meats, pork and seafoods) as percent of caloric intake.
Total fat and SFA intakes exceeded National Research Council (NRC) goals regardless of meat intake level. Results indicate an inverse relationship of total energy intake and calories from all meats. Total fat intakes had a small, positive relationship with meat calories. Saturated fatty acid (SFA) intakes appeared to have a weak, positive relationship.
Vitamin B6 intakes were below the RDA in all clusters but were adequate relative to protein intakes. Iron intakes of women under age 51 were less than 70% of RDA. Zinc had a strong, positive association with total meat intake. Individuals that did not consume beef met only 48% to 62% of RDA.
An analysis to determine if increases in vitamin 86, iron, and zinc seen with high meat intake were due to increased meat or caloric intake showed that total fat and SFA increased 12% and 8%, respectively, when ≤ 2 ounces of meat and ≤ 6 ounces of meat were consumed. All of the increase was derived from meat. Vitamin B6, iron, and zinc increased 100%, 59%, and 132%, respectively; 77%, 64%, and 90% were due to meat.
In summary, women's diets were significantly low in iron and zinc, which are strongly present in meat products, especially beef. Intakes of vitamin B6 appear to meet calculated needs, but some women may be at risk due to the increased requirements found with age and the low bioavailabilty of plant sources. Attempting to reduce total fat and SFA intakes by reducing meat intake, especially red meat, may have a deleterious effect on women's nutrient status.
Acanthodrilidae Claus 1880
Creators: name: Santos, Alessandra
name: Gorte, Tatiane
name: Demetrio, Wilian C.
name: Ferreira, Talita
name: Nadolny, Herlon
name: Cardoso, Guilherme B. X.
name: Tonetti, Caroline
name: Ralisch, Ricardo
name: Nunes, Amanda P.
name: Coqueiro, Ana Carolina P.
name: Leandro, Hudson C. L.
name: Wandscheer, Cassio A. R.
name: Bortoluzzi, Jeankleber
name: Brown, George G.
name: Bartz, Marie L. C.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Annelida
Clitellata
Haplotaxida
Acanthodrilidae

description: Acanthodrilidae juveniles  COFMBRPR0846, 1 individual in no-tillage, Toledo watershed, Toledo—PR (24° 47' 00.50"S, 53° 36' 24.46"W); 2015; A. Santos, H. Nadolny, G.X. Cardoso, C. Tonetti, T. Gorte, J. Bortoluzzi, M.L.C. Bartz, colls. COFMBRPR0847, 4 individuals in no-tillage, Buriti watershed, Santa Helena—PR (25° 09' 52.04"S, 54° 15' 17.22"W); 2015; A. Santos, H. Nadolny, G.X. Cardoso, C. Tonetti, T. Gorte, J. Bortoluzzi, M.L.C. Bartz, colls.
description: Published as part of Santos, Alessandra, Gorte, Tatiane, Demetrio, Wilian C., Ferreira, Talita, Nadolny, Herlon, Cardoso, Guilherme B. X., Tonetti, Caroline, Ralisch, Ricardo, Nunes, Amanda P., Coqueiro, Ana Carolina P., Leandro, Hudson C. L., Wandscheer, Cassio A. R., Bortoluzzi, Jeankleber, Brown, George G. & Bartz, Marie L. C., 2018, Earthworm species in no-tillage agroecosystems and native Atlantic forests in Western Paraná, Brazil, pp. 517-534 in Zootaxa 4496 (1) on page 527, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4496.1.40, http://zenodo.org/record/1447015
title: Nutritional Screening of Utah Rural and Urban Elderly
Creators: name: Rood, Rachel Taylor
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1994

description: The population of Americans over age 65 is expected to increase from a reported 12 percent in 1988 to 22 percent by the year 2030. Nutrition screening and intervention can help combat the rising need for health care and other services among the elderly by preventing or delaying disability and dependency.
This study was designed to determine the degree of nutritional risk present within the elderly population in rural and urban areas in the state of Utah by conducting an initial nutrition screening using the Determine Your Nutritional Health checklist developed by the Nutrition Screening Initiative. Congregate meal sites were stratified according to urbanization and fifteen centers were selected from both rural and urban counties. Congregate meal participants present at the site completed a Determine Your Nutritional Health checklist and survey asking additional demographic data including age, sex, marital status, living situation, frequency of participation in congregate meals, and if they had previously used the checklist.
A total of 838 valid surveys was collected from 29 congregate meal sites throughout the state of Utah. Fifty-seven percent of participants scored in the "good nutritional health" category, 27.7 percent were at moderate nutrition risk, and 15.4 percent scored in the high nutrition risk category.
Nutrition risk category was significantly associated with gender, marital status, and cohabitation status. Women, unmarrieds, and individuals living alone scored more frequently in a higher nutrition risk category.
Results of this study reflect influences on nutrition risk found in a sample of congregate meal participants in the state of Utah. These results can help the state of Utah identify the common risk factors within this segment of its population, i.e. gender, marital status, cohabitation status, acute/chronic disease, eating alone, and polypharmacy, to plan education and/or intervention for individuals who are at risk.
title: Manufacture of a Dairy Dessert from Ultra-High Temperature Milk Concentrate
Creators: name: Smith, Mark H.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1994

description: The purpose of this project was to initiate development of a nonrefrigerated dairy dessert product. Milk was concentrated by pressure-driven filtration and then sterilized using ultra-high temperature (UHT) processing. Following sterilization, samples were aseptically inoculated with rennet to coagulate the milk, which was then stored at room temperature. These processing steps produced a dairy dessert that did not require refrigeration. I investigated the influence of total solids, milk fat, rennet dosage, storage temperature, and storage time on curd firmness and syneresis. I investigated the effect on curd firmness and syneresis of giving the concentrate a heat treatment prior to UHT processing. Chocolate and vanilla dairy desserts were prepared, and a taste panel was conducted to compare the dairy dessert with a ready-to- eat starch-based pudding.
Milk concentrate obtained by reverse osmosis did not form a gel, whereas concentrate obtained by ultrafiltration did gel. Increasing the solids content of the milk concentrate increased curd firmness, but increasing the fat content of the concentrate decreased curd firmness. Curd firmness and syneresis increased as the concentration of rennet was increased. Products stored at 21°C yielded firmer gels with more syneresis than products stored at 4°C. Moreover, products stored for longer periods of time produced firmer gels and greater amounts of syneresis. Concentrate that received a batch heat treatment prior to sterilization reduced syneresis. The addition of cocoa to the concentrate inhibited coagulation. Taste panelists preferred the commercial pudding over the dairy dessert. Increasing the sugar content of the dairy dessert may improve its sensory properties. To produce a commercially viable product, additional work is required on flavor development.
Crustal structure studies in Tasmania
Creators: name: Johnson, Bruce David
Publisher: name: University Of Tasmania
Year: 2023

description: A regional gravity survey of Tasmania has revealed that the crust is of normal continental thickness (35 to 40 kms), increasing slightly under the Central Plateau region and thinning rapidly at the continental margin. The \regional\" field due to the variation in crustal thickness has been obtained by approximating the observed data using a terminated Fourier series; the trigonometric functions having been orthogonalised with respect to the irregularly spaced data points by the Gram-Schmidt method. A time-term analysis of the Bass Strait crustal refraction data indicates near normal thicknesses in Tasmania and intermediate thicknesses in Bass Strait (23-28 kms). Spectral analyses of high-level aeromagnetic data have indicated that if the source layers of magnetic anomalies can be considered to give rise to a \"white\" spectrum then the depth to the source layer is given by the gradient of the logarithm of the spectrum."
title: Effects of Iron Fortification on Microbiological, Physical, Chemical, and Organoleptic Properties of Yogurt
Creators: name: Hekmat, Sharareh
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1995

description: It has been shown that iron binds strongly to the proteins in milk, and our aim was to determine whether or not this binding was affected by lowering pH in the manufacture of yogurt. Iron-protein complexing was studied using two different techniques. 1) Skim milk was fortified with 10 mg iron/100 ml and the pH of the milk was adjusted to 6.7, 6.2, 5.8, 5.3, 4.5, and 4.0. The milk was fractionated by ultracentrifugation at 52,000 x g for 60 minutes. The pellets and serum were then analyzed for iron, calcium, and phosphorus content by inductively coupled plasma spectroscopy. SOS-PAGE gels were used to determine protein profiles in the pellets and serum. 2) Yogurt was made from milk fortified with FeCl3, iron complexed with casein, and iron complexed with whey proteins. Small samples of the yogurt were then freeze-dried on carbon coated grids and examined by transmission electron microscopy at 80 KV.
Affinity of iron for milk proteins was independent of pH. Iron fortification of milk did not cause loss of calcium or phosphorus from casein micelles. Electron spectroscopic imaging (ESI) showed that iron was bound to casein when yogurt was fortified with FeC13 or iron-casein complex. When fortified with iron-whey protein complex, the iron was distributed throughout the non-micellar portion of the yogurt.
To determine effects of iron on yogurt quality, low-fat (2%) and nonfat iron fortified yogurt was made with three sources of iron: FeCl3, iron complexed with casein, and iron complexed with whey protein, at three levels (10, 20, 40 mg/kg). Iron content and lipid oxidation were determined over one month of storage at 4°C.
Iron fortification had no effect on the rate of fermentation by the lactic cultures. There was no significant increase in oxidation levels between iron-fortified yogurt and unfortified yogurt (P > .05). No differences in the appearance, mouth feel, flavor, and overall quality ,between iron-fortified yogurt and unfortified yogurt were detected in consumer sensory analysis. Our study showed that high quality iron-fortified yogurt could be manufactured without added food safety risks.
title: Isolation and Biochemical Characterization of Acid- and Bile- Tolerant Strains of Lactobacillus Acidophilus and Bifidobacterium Bifidum
Creators: name: Chou, Lan-Szu
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1997

description: Lactic acid bacteria have been reported to be used as a health adjunct in food for u many years. However, these health benefits have not been proven. and how these bacteria pass through the digestion process and remain viable in the human intestinal tract is still not clear. The aim of this work was to isolate mutants from Lactobacillus acidophilus or Bifidobacterium bifidum that could tolerate the conditions of the digestion process (low pH and bile conduction) and to characterize these isolated mutants.
Acid- and bile-tolerant mutants of L. acidophilus were isolated from parental strains successfully using natural selection techniques. These mutants survived and grew at conditions of pH 3.5 with 0.2% mixed bile salts added. After the selection, phenotypic characterization was identified to further clarify desirable traits for use as probiotic adjuncts in foods. These phenotypic characteristics included protease, aminopeptidase, ß-galactosidase, and bile salt hydrolase activity. Based on different protease, aminopeptidase, and ß-galactosidase activity, selected acid- and bile-tolerant mutants contained different growth characteristics compared with their parents. All the isolates tested showed different bile salt hydrolase activity, and this activity was not strain and medium dependent.
Plasmid profiles and fatty acid analysis were conducted to provide more information of these acid/bile tolerant isolates and whether or not they were mutants from their parent strains rather than only adapted variants. Results showed the acid-/bile-tolerant isolates contained different plasmid profiles and cell wall fatty acids compared with their parents, which indicated these isolates were mutants. Protein expression by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis showed different protein expression patterns between acid- and bile-tolerant mutants and their parents. fm1her suggesting these isolates were mutants. We observed the protein production in parent strains decreased as the pH decreased. and protein expression in mutants remained the same as pH decreased.
Two of the proposed health benefits of probiotic bacteria are anticholesterol activity and antimicrobial activity. These were evaluated using selected acid- and bile-tolerant mutants. Results showed no decrease of cholesterol in the test medium during bacterial growth. The observed antimicrobial activity was due to the presence of active cells. and this may relate to the acid production during cell growth and not to the production of antimicrobial substances.
We concluded that the acid-/bile-tolerant isolates were mutants, and they survived and grew better in harsh environments compared with their parent strains. These mutants may be useful as a food adjunct in the future, but further study is needed to establish their use and possible probiotic benefits.
Linear perturbations of quaternionic metrics
Creators: name: Alexandrov, Sergei
name: Pioline, Boris
name: Saueressig, Frank
name: Vandoren, Stefan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We extend the twistor methods developed in our earlier work on linear deformations of hyperkahler manifolds [arXiv:0806.4620] to the case of quaternionic-Kahler manifolds. Via Swann's construction, deformations of a 4d-dimensional quaternionic-Kahler manifold $M$ are in one-to-one correspondence with deformations of its $4d+4$-dimensional hyperkahler cone $S$. The latter can be encoded in variations of the complex symplectomorphisms which relate different locally flat patches of the twistor space $Z_S$, with a suitable homogeneity condition that ensures that the hyperkahler cone property is preserved. Equivalently, we show that the deformations of $M$ can be encoded in variations of the complex contact transformations which relate different locally flat patches of the twistor space $Z_M$ of $M$, by-passing the Swann bundle and its twistor space. We specialize these general results to the case of quaternionic-Kahler metrics with $d+1$ commuting isometries, obtainable by the Legendre transform method, and linear deformations thereof. We illustrate our methods for the hypermultiplet moduli space in string theory compactifications at tree- and one-loop level.
description: 55 pages, 1 figure, uses JHEP3.cls; v2: one ref added, minor improvements; v3: title changed, sections 2.5 and 5.2 rewritten in part, ref [26] added
title: The Effect of Iron Fortification on the Chemical, Physical, and Sensory Properties of Mozzarella Cheese
Creators: name: Rice, Wendy Haws
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1995

description: Mozzarella cheese was made from milk fortified with iron so that the cheese contained 25 and 50 ppm iron. Iron was added to the milk in three ways: (1) complexed to casein (ferric-casein), (2) complexed to whey protein (ferric-whey protein), and (3) ferric chloride (FeCl3·6H20) added directly to milk. Cheese quality was determined by chemical, physical, and sensory characteristics and compared with a control cheese.
Chemical oxidation, during 28 days storage, was determined by absorbance of malondialdehyde at 535 nm using the thiobarbituric acid assay (TBA). Physical properties were assessed by the Arnott test for melt, helical viscometer for stretch, and b* value for cook color. Sensory properties were tested by panelists trained to detect metallic and oxidized off-flavors and by large, untrained consumer panels. There were no significant differences in iron-fortified cheeses based on the method of adding iron to milk. There were no significant differences in TBA-measured oxidation caused by adding iron, method of adding iron, or by storage ( α=.05). Stretch was increased by addition of iron. Melt and cook color were not affected by iron fortification. The trained sensory panel scored metallic and oxidized off-flavors slightly higher in the iron-fortified cheeses than in the controls, although at a level that was slightly perceptible. When cooked on a pizza, the iron-fortified cheese was rated comparable to the control cheese by consumer panels. Based on the popularity of pizza and on these observations, it was concluded that iron-fortified Mozzarella cheese can be used as an appropriate food vehicle to supplement the diets of populations that are at risk for iron deficiency anemia (e.g., children and pregnant women).
Triggered aseismic fault slip from nearby earthquakes, static or dynamic effect?
Creators: name: Du, Wen-Xuan
name: Sykes, Lynn R.
name: Shaw, Bruce E.
name: Scholz, Christopher H.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Plate tectonics
subject: Seismology
subject: Geophysics
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Earthquakes

description: Observations show that an earthquake can affect aseismic slip behavior of nearby faults and produce “triggered aseismic fault slip.” Two types of stress changes are often examined by researchers as possible triggering sources. One is the static stress change associated with the faulting process and the other is the dynamic stress change or transient deformation generated by the passage of seismic waves. No consensus has been reached, however, regarding the mechanism(s) of triggered aseismic fault slip. We evaluate the possible triggering role of static stress changes by examining observations made after 10 large earthquakes in California. Most of the nearby fault segments that slipped aseismically were encouraged to move by the imposed positive changes in static Coulomb Failure Stress (CFS). Nonetheless, three discrepancies or failures with this model exist, which implies that static stress triggering either is or is not the sole mechanism causing the observed triggered slip. We then use a spring-slider system as a simplified fault model to study its slip behavior and the impact of transient (dynamic) loading on it. We show that a two-state-variable rate-dependent and state-dependent frictional law can generate creep events. Transient loads are then put into the system. Certain types of them can cause a large time advance of (or trigger) the next creep event. While our work examines triggered creep events near the surface, it may well have implications for the occurrence of similar events near the bottom of the seismogenic zone where a transition in frictional stability occurs.
Additional file 2 of Emergency versus delayed hepatectomy following transarterial embolization in spontaneously ruptured hepatocellular carcinoma survivors: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Creators: name: Zhang, Wei
name: Huang, Zhangkan
name: Che, Xu
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 2: Supplemental file 2. The Risk of bias in the included retrospective cohort studies (by the Newcastle–Ottawa quality assessment tool).
The Many Manifestations of Downsizing: Hierarchical Galaxy Formation Models confront Observations
Creators: name: Fontanot, Fabio
name: De Lucia, Gabriella
name: Monaco, Pierluigi
name: Somerville, Rachel S.
name: Santini, Paola
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: [abridged] It has been widely claimed that several lines of observational evidence point towards a "downsizing" (DS) of the process of galaxy formation over cosmic time. This behavior is sometimes termed "anti-hierarchical", and contrasted with the "bottom-up" assembly of the dark matter structures in Cold Dark Matter models. In this paper we address three different kinds of observational evidence that have been described as DS: the stellar mass assembly, star formation rate and the ages of the stellar populations in local galaxies. We compare a broad compilation of available data-sets with the predictions of three different semi-analytic models of galaxy formation within the Lambda-CDM framework. In the data, we see only weak evidence at best of DS in stellar mass and in star formation rate. We find that, when observational errors on stellar mass and SFR are taken into account, the models acceptably reproduce the evolution of massive galaxies, over the entire redshift range that we consider. However, lower mass galaxies are formed too early in the models and are too passive at late times. Thus, the models do not correctly reproduce the DS trend in stellar mass or the archaeological DS, while they qualitatively reproduce the mass-dependent evolution of the SFR. We demonstrate that these discrepancies are not solely due to a poor treatment of satellite galaxies but are mainly connected to the excessively efficient formation of central galaxies in high-redshift haloes with circular velocities ~100-200 km/s. [abridged]
description: MNRAS accepted, 16 pages, 10 figures
Variation of large elastodynamic earthquakes on complex fault systems
Creators: name: Shaw, Bruce E.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2004
Subjects: Plate tectonics
Seismology
Earthquakes

description: One of the biggest assumptions, and a source of some of the biggest uncertainties in earthquake hazard estimation is the role of fault segmentation in controlling large earthquake ruptures. Here we apply a new model which produces sequences of elastodynamic earthquake events on complex segmented fault systems, and use these simulations to quantify the variation of large events. We find a number of important systematic effects of segment geometry on the slip variation and the repeat time variation of large events, including an increase in variation at the ends of segments and a decrease in variation for the longest segments.
Exploring colourful holographic superconductors
Creators: name: Peeters, Kasper
name: Powell, Jonathan
name: Zamaklar, Marija
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore a class of holographic superconductors built using non-abelian condensates on probe branes in conformal and non-conformal backgrounds. These are shown to exhibit behaviour of the specific heat which resembles that of heavy fermion compounds in the superconducting phase. Instead of showing BCS-like exponential behaviour, the specific heat is polynomial in the temperature. It exhibits a jump at the critical temperature, in agreement with real-world superconductors. We also analyse the behaviour of the energy gap and the AC and DC conductivities, and find that the systems can be either semi-conducting or metallic just above the critical temperature.
description: 24 pages, many figures
Megascolecidae Rosa 1891
Creators: name: Santos, Alessandra
name: Gorte, Tatiane
name: Demetrio, Wilian C.
name: Ferreira, Talita
name: Nadolny, Herlon
name: Cardoso, Guilherme B. X.
name: Tonetti, Caroline
name: Ralisch, Ricardo
name: Nunes, Amanda P.
name: Coqueiro, Ana Carolina P.
name: Leandro, Hudson C. L.
name: Wandscheer, Cassio A. R.
name: Bortoluzzi, Jeankleber
name: Brown, George G.
name: Bartz, Marie L. C.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Annelida
Clitellata
Haplotaxida
Megascolecidae

description: Megascolecidae juveniles  COFMBRPR0848, 5 individual in no-tillage, Toledo watershed, Toledo—PR (24° 45' 00.56"S, 53° 36' 00.24"W); 2015; A. Santos, H. Nadolny, G.X. Cardoso, C. Tonetti, T. Gorte, J. Bortoluzzi, M.L.C. Bartz, colls. COFMBRPR0849, 2 individuals in no-tillage, Toledo watershed, Toledo—PR (24° 45' 00.39"S, 53° 37' 00.13"W); 2015; A. Santos, H. Nadolny, G.X. Cardoso, C. Tonetti, T. Gorte, J. Bortoluzzi, M.L.C. Bartz, colls.
description: Published as part of Santos, Alessandra, Gorte, Tatiane, Demetrio, Wilian C., Ferreira, Talita, Nadolny, Herlon, Cardoso, Guilherme B. X., Tonetti, Caroline, Ralisch, Ricardo, Nunes, Amanda P., Coqueiro, Ana Carolina P., Leandro, Hudson C. L., Wandscheer, Cassio A. R., Bortoluzzi, Jeankleber, Brown, George G. & Bartz, Marie L. C., 2018, Earthworm species in no-tillage agroecosystems and native Atlantic forests in Western Paraná, Brazil, pp. 517-534 in Zootaxa 4496 (1) on page 527, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4496.1.40, http://zenodo.org/record/1447015
Additional file 3 of Emergency versus delayed hepatectomy following transarterial embolization in spontaneously ruptured hepatocellular carcinoma survivors: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Creators: name: Zhang, Wei
name: Huang, Zhangkan
name: Che, Xu
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 3: Supplemental file 3. Begg’s test and Egger's test for each outcome.
title: Acceptability and Proximate Composition of Meat-Vegetable Sticks Versus All-Meat Sticks Adjusted to pH 4.6 or 5.2 with Citric or Lactic Acids
Creators: name: Quinton, Ronnald Dean
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1996

description: A new innovative product, stewsticks, made with beef, pork, spices, and dehydrated vegetables, was developed as a nutritious snack. Lactic or citric acid was added at pH 5.2 or 4.6 to both meatsticks and stewsticks. Meatsticks and stewsticks were prepared by mixing ingredients until a cohesive mass was obtained. This mixture was then extruded into sticks that were cooked to about 50% of original weight. Sticks were then cut to desired length, packaged, and stored. Then meatsticks (beef, pork, and spices) were compared to stewsticks for appearance, texture, flavor, and overall acceptability.
The stewsticks had excellent shelf life due to combined hurdles of pH 5.2, water activity of 0.95 or less, salt, and vacuum packaging. Compared to meatsticks, one serving (2 ounces) of stewsticks had less fat (9 vs 11 g respectively), less cholesterol (75 vs 90 mg) and more dietary fiber (4 vs 2 g), carbohydrates (20 vs 4 g), vitamin A (11 vs 2% RDA), and vitamin c {32 vs 1% RDA). The type of acid did not affect panel preference, but the samples at pH 5.2 were preferred over samples at pH 4.6. overall, meatsticks were preferred by the consumer panel over stewsticks although there were 25% of them who rated stewsticks as moderately acceptable or higher.
Generic First Order Orientation Transition of Vortex Lattices in Type II Superconductors
Creators: name: Suzuki, Kenta M.
name: Inoue, Kenji
name: Miranovic, Predrag
name: Ichioka, Masanori
name: Machida, Kazushige
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: First order transition of vortex lattices (VL) observed in various superconductors with four-fold symmetry is explained microscopically by quasi-classical Eilenberger theory combined with nonlocal London theory. This transition is intrinsic in the generic successive VL phase transition due to either gap or Fermi velocity anisotropies. This is also suggested by the electronic states around vortices. Ultimate origin of this phenomenon is attributed to some what hidden frustrations of a spontaneous symmetry broken hexagonal VL on the underlying four-fold crystalline symmetry.
description: 4 pages, 5 figures, some typos are corrected
A cross ratio in continuous geometry
Creators: name: Jones, BD
Publisher: name: University Of Tasmania
Year: 2023

description: A. Fuhrmann generalizes Sperner's definition of the cross ratio of four collinear points with coordinates in a division ring to apply to four linear varieties over a division ring. The form of, his cross ratio is still very classical. In Part 2 of this a cross ratio is defined for a configuration of subspaces of a continuous or discrete geometry. Although this cross ratio couldn't be further removed in appearance from the classical form we give a simple proof (Section 4) to show that, for the case of four points on a line, it does in fact agree with the usual cross ratio. Moreover, it will follow from the results of Sections 5,6 that for the case of finite dimensional (i.e discrete) geometries, Fuhrmann's cross ratio is essentially the same as the one introduced here. The cross ratio has the desired property of invariance under collineations ( Theorem 3).
title: Manufacture, Shelf Stability, and Acceptability of Aseptically Packaged, Unripened Soft Cheese Produced by Post-Ultra-High Temperature Acidulant Injection of Ultrafiltered Milk Concentrate
Creators: name: Moiseeva, Elena S.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1996

description: This study investigated the manufacturing procedures and texture attributes of direct acid set of an unripened, shelf-stable cheese variety produced by the combined technologies of ultrafiltration and ultra-high temperature processing. Product evaluation included physical and chemical properties such as gel strength, syneresis, pH, moisture, protein, and fat. Whole milk was concentrated by ultrafiltration to 30, 35, and 40% total solids. Milk retentate was ultra-high temperature-processed by preheating to 65 or 77°C, sterilized at 141°C for 4 s by direct steam injection, flash cooled to approximately 62 or 72°C, homogenized in two stages at either 13.8/2.1 or 27.6/4.1 MPa, cooled to 38°C, and aseptically packaged. iv sterilized sodium chloride was aseptically added and dissolved in the ultra-filtrated and ultra-high temperature processed retentate to produce .5% final concentration. Autoclaved solutions of citric and lactic acids, or glucono-delta-lactone were added aseptically to the salted retentate to form a soft gel by lowering the pH range from 4.3 to 4.6. The coagulated retentates were stored at room temperature for 6 months. The effects of total solids, homogenization pressures, preheat temperatures, acidulants, and storage time on selected physicochemical properties of the acid gels were determined.
Taste panels evaluated selected soft cheese characteristics after 6 months' storage. No statistically significant effect of the total milk solids level on gel firmness was observed. High homogenization pressure and the interaction of high preheat temperature and homogenization pressure produced significantly firmer gel and caused less syneresis. Acidulant types influenced significantly gel strength, syneresis, appearance, and texture. Soft cheeses prepared with citric acid were firmer than those acidified with lactic acid or gluconodelta-lactone. Lactic acid samples produced more syneresis than citric acid cheese samples. Cheese samples prepared with glucono-delta-lactone had the smoothest and least grainy texture, shiny appearance, little or no wheying-off, and a gel strength intermediate between the two other acidulants.
The Suess effect in Fiji coral δ13C and its potential as a tracer of anthropogenic CO2 uptake
Creators: name: Dassié, Emilie P.
name: Lemley, Gavin M.
name: Linsley, Braddock
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Chemical oceanography
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: In the context of increasing anthropogenic CO2 emissions, determining the rate of oceanic CO2 uptake is of high interest. Centennial-scale changes in δ13C of the surface water dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) reservoir have been shown to be influenced by the carbon isotopic composition of atmospheric CO2. However, the availability of direct oceanic δ13C measurements is limited and methods for reconstructing past δ13C variability of the oceanic DIC are needed. Geochemical reconstructions of DIC variability can help in understanding how the ocean has reacted to historical changes in the carbon cycle. This study explores the potential of using temporal variations in δ13C measured in five Fijian Porites corals for reconstructing oceanic δ13C variability. A centennial-scale decreasing δ13C trend is observed in these Fiji corals. Other studies have linked similar decreasing δ13C trends to anthropogenic changes in the atmospheric carbon reservoir (the “13C Suess effect”). We conclude that solar irradiance is the factor influencing the δ13C cycle on a seasonal scale, however it is not responsible for the centennial-scale decreasing δ13C trend. In addition, variations in skeletal extension rate are not found to account for centennial-scale δ13C variability in these corals. Rather, we found that water depth at which a Fijian Porites colony calcifies influences both δ13C and extension rate mean values. The water depth-δ13C relationship induces a dampening effect on the centennial-scale decreasing δ13C trend. We removed this “water depth effect” from the δ13C composite, resulting in a truer representation of δ13C variability of the Fiji surface water DIC (δ13CFiji-DIC). The centennial-scale trend in this Fiji coral composite δ13CFiji-DIC time-series shares similarities with atmospheric δ13CCO2, implicating the 13C Suess effect as the source of the this coral δ13C trend. Additionally, our study finds that the δ13C variability between the atmosphere and the ocean in this region is not synchronous; the coral δ13C response is delayed by ~ 10 years. This agrees with the previously established model of isotopic disequilibrium between atmospheric δ13CCO2 and oceanic surface water DIC.
QALAMTASVIR FANINI O'QITISHDA TALABALARNING BADIIY-OBRAZLI TAFAKKURINI RIVOJLANTIRISH
Creators: name: Ibatova, Nigora
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Maqolada qalamtasvir fanini o‘qitishda talabalarning badiiy-obrazli tafakkurini rivojlantirish, bo‘lajak tasviriy san’at fani o‘qituvchilarning o‘tkir idrok, uning yaxlitligi; xotira, moslashuvchan tafakkur, uning asosliligi va mantiqiyligi; san’at asarlarining badiiy-estetik tomonlarini baholash, yakuniy tahlil qila olish qobiliyati; mustaqil va erkin tafakkur, uning o‘ziga xosligi va ijodiy yo‘nalganligi kabi qobiliyatlarini rivojlantirish jarayonlari, Qalamtasvir fanini o‘qitishda talabalarning badiiy-obrazli tafakkurini rivojlantirishga yo‘naltirilgan loyihalar, qo‘llanilgan samarali ta’lim texnologiyalar va ulardan foydalanishning pedagogik imkoniyatlari haqida so‘z boradi.
How to guide: Guidelines for organising a public dialogue on the strategy of a biomedical research centre
Creators: name: Solís-Mateo Marta
name: Ipsos MORI
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Public dialogue, open science, research strategy

description: The objective of this document is to use this experience to create a simple guide on how to carry out a public dialogue for a scientific research centre. The guidelines are based on the methodology and learnings from a public dialogue conducted to inform the Centre for Genomic Regulation's (CRG) strategy, in the framework of the ORION Open Science Project.
Thermophoretically Driven Carbon Nanotube Oscillators
Creators: name: Coluci, V. R.
name: Timóteo, V. S.
name: Galvão, D. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The behavior of a nanodevice based upon double-walled carbon nanotube oscillators driven by periodically applied thermal gradients (7 and 17 K/nm) is investigated by numerical calculations and classical molecular dynamics simulations. Our results indicate that thermophoresis can be effective to initiate the oscillator and that suitable heat pulses may provide an appropriate way to tune its behavior. Sustained regular oscillatory as well as chaotic motions were observed for the systems investigated in this work.
description: 18 pages, 11 figures
Computer Technology as Applied to Rare Book Cataloguing
Creators: name: Davis, Stephen P.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1984
Subjects: Library science
Information science

description: Reviews the impact of technology on rare book cataloging in the United States from 1973-1983, which changed many of the practices and expectations of rare book and special collections librarians. Although the new library technologies were designed chiefly to handle modern, non-precious materials, these technologies have gradually been enhanced by the concerted efforts of rare book and special collections librarians. Those who create and control library computer systems began to acknowledge and accommodate the differing needs of rare and precious materials. Predicts that the years following would hold out the prospect of fewer large-scale changes and more consolidation of gains.
Confinement and non-perturbative tachyons in brane-antibrane systems: A summary
Creators: name: Gutierrez, Norberto
name: Lozano, Yolanda
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a worldvolume effective action suitable for the study of the confined phase of a (Dp,anti-Dp) system at weak coupling, and we identify the mechanism by which the fundamental string arises from this action when the Dp and the anti-Dp annihilate. We construct an explicit dual action, appropriate for the strong coupling regime, which realizes a generalized Higgs-Stueckelberg phase for the (relative) (p-2)-form dual to the (overall) BI vector, the mechanism put forward by Yi and collaborators for realizing non-perturbatively the breaking of the overall U(1) gauge group. Our results provide an explicit realization of the perturbative breaking of the overall U(1) in a way that is consistent with the duality symmetries of String Theory.
description: 9 pages, contribution to the proceedings of the 4th EU-RTN Workshop held in Varna (Bulgaria), 11-17 september 2008
Jamming and Correlation Patterns in Traffic of Information on Sparse Modular Networks
Creators: name: Tadić, Bosiljka
name: Mitrović, Marija
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study high-density traffic of information packets on sparse modular networks with scale-free subgraphs. With different statistical measures we distinguish between the free flow and congested regime and point out the role of modules in the jamming transition. We further consider correlations between traffic signals collected at each node in the network. The correlation matrix between pairs of signals reflects the network modularity in the eigenvalue spectrum and the structure of eigenvectors. The internal structure of the modules has an important role in the diffusion dynamics, leading to enhanced correlations between the modular hubs, which can not be filtered out by standard methods. Implications for the analysis of real networks with unknown modular structure are discussed.