cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Investigating the effects of CSF-1R and PI3Kdelta inhibition on a breast cancer bone metastasis model
Creators: name: Salazar-Arcila, Carolina
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Oncology
subject: Biochemistry
subject: CSF-1 Receptor
subject: GW2580
subject: Breast cancer bone metastasis
subject: ABT-869
subject: MDA-MB-231

description: Development of breast cancer-induced bone loss depends on the activation of osteoclasts by tumor-derived factors that promote osteoclastogenesis and osteolysis. The PI3K pathway is activated by several of these factors, in particular CSF-1. Given the ability of PI3K signaling to promote osteoclast survival and activity in a CSF-1R dependent manner, we hypothesized that inhibition of CSF-1R or PI3K signaling with compounds GW2580 and ABT-869, and IC87114, respectively, would decrease osteoclast development and activity leading to decreased osteolysis. Using bioluminescence imaging and μCT, we identified that GW2580 and ABT-869 significantly decreased osteolytic lesions and tumor growth in MDA-MB-231 bone metastases. Also, GW2580 increased bone mass in normal C57BL/6 mice, validating the effect of this inhibitor on CSF-1R-expressing osteoclasts in vivo. Since IC87114 failed to reduce tumor growth and osteolytic damage, we concluded that CSF-1R signaling, independent of PI3K p110δ signaling, contributes significantly to tumor growth and to tumor-induced osteolysis in this model.
Self-organization of Nodes using Bio-Inspired Techniques for Achieving Small World Properties
Creators: name: Agarwal, Rachit
name: Banerjee, Abhik
name: Gauthier, Vincent
name: Becker, Monique
name: Yeo, Chai Kiat
name: Lee, Bu Sung
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In an autonomous wireless sensor network, self-organization of the nodes is essential to achieve network wide characteristics. We believe that connectivity in wireless autonomous networks can be increased and overall average path length can be reduced by using beamforming and bio-inspired algorithms. Recent works on the use of beamforming in wireless networks mostly assume the knowledge of the network in aggregation to either heterogeneous or hybrid deployment. We propose that without the global knowledge or the introduction of any special feature, the average path length can be reduced with the help of inspirations from the nature and simple interactions between neighboring nodes. Our algorithm also reduces the number of disconnected components within the network. Our results show that reduction in the average path length and the number of disconnected components can be achieved using very simple local rules and without the full network knowledge.
description: Accepted to Joint workshop on complex networks and pervasive group communication (CCNet/PerGroup), in conjunction with IEEE Globecom 2011
The GF Mathematics Library
Creators: name: Saludes, Jordi
name: Xambó, Sebastian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Software (cs.MS)
subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper is devoted to present the Mathematics Grammar Library, a system for multilingual mathematical text processing. We explain the context in which it originated, its current design and functionality and the current development goals. We also present two prototype services and comment on possible future applications in the area of artificial mathematics assistants.
description: In Proceedings THedu'11, arXiv:1202.4535
An exploration of selected concepts from Judith Butler : with application to the understanding of gender identity in social work practice with marginalized female adolescents
Creators: name: Hough, Amie Marie
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Traditional notions of female adolescent development assume identity formation as a central issue that is achieved or solidified in order to reach a psycho-developmental milestone. While identity is traditionally theorised as being agentic in nature, the concept of identity itself remains in contention as it does not capture the fluidity of the interaction between the person and their environment, particularly if the environment is oppressive and exclusive. Consequently, this paper suggests how social work can incorporate innovative critical and post-structural theory when analysing the marginalised female adolescent, by introducing Judith Butler as a new voice for social work, whose work on gender identity the feminist critique has been argued to be some of the most important advancements in the area of feminist and political studies in the twentieth century (Lloyd, 2007). Butler‟s contribution to the area of gender politics, post-feminist and queer studies have been argued as groundbreaking and innovative, and thus I argue, should be included in social work practice and education, particularly when considering the impact of structure on the individual. To guide my inquiry, I have selected specific concepts from Gender Trouble: Feminism and the Subversion of Identity (1990, 1999) and Bodies That Matter: On the Discursive Limits of “Sex” (1993) to analyse the marginalised female experience in modern society. In Butler‟s popular texts, she discusses gender identity and its relation to performativity under regulatory discourse, and how intelligible subjects are formed under the heterosexual matrix and the masculine signifying economy. Furthermore, Butler‟s concept of subversion imparts important ideas about contesting oppressive structures, and honouring the diversity and dignity and worth of each person in society; principles that are congruent with social work values. I further suggest that Butler‟s concepts offer innovative ways to think about enduring issues in social work practice including: (1) social justice, (2) the power of discourse in the formation of oppression and exclusion, and (3) the acknowledgment of diversity. Finally, I seek to apply Butler‟s concepts to current social work practice with the marginalized female adolescent and to provide the reader with suggestions for future research and practice application.
A simplified view of blazars: clearing the fog around long-standing selection effects
Creators: name: Giommi, P.
name: Padovani, P.
name: Polenta, G.
name: Turriziani, S.
name: D'Elia, V.
name: Piranomonte, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a scenario where blazars are classified as flat-spectrum radio quasars (FSRQs), BL Lacs, low synchrotron, or high synchrotron peaked objects according to a varying mix of the Doppler boosted radiation from the jet, the emission from the accretion disk, the broad line region, and the light from the host galaxy. In this framework the peak energy of the synchrotron power (nu_peak) in blazars is independent of source type and of radio luminosity. We test this new approach, which builds upon unified schemes, using extensive Monte Carlo simulations and show that it can provide simple answers to a number of long-standing issues including, amongst others, the different cosmological evolution of BL Lacs selected in the radio and X-ray bands, the larger nu_peak values observed in BL Lacs, the fact that high synchrotron peaked blazars are always of the BL Lac type, and the existence of FSRQ/BL Lac transition objects. Objects so far classified as BL Lacs on the basis of their observed weak, or undetectable, emission lines are of two physically different classes: intrinsically weak lined objects, more common in X-ray selected samples, and heavily diluted broad lined sources, more frequent in radio selected samples, which explains some of the confusion in the literature. We also show that strong selection effects are the main cause of the diversity observed in radio and X-ray samples, and that the correlation between luminosity and nu_peak, that led to the proposal of the "blazar sequence", is also a selection effect arising from the comparison of shallow radio and X-ray surveys, and to the fact that high nu_peak-high radio power objects have never been considered because their redshift is not measurable.
description: 14 pages, 11 figures, Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Evaluating Pre-trained Convolutional Neural Networks and Foundation Models as Feature Extractors for Content-based Medical Image Retrieval
Creators: name: Mahbod, Amirreza
name: Saeidi, Nematollah
name: Hatamikia, Sepideh
name: Woitek, Ramona
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Medical image retrieval refers to the task of finding similar images for given query images in a database, with applications such as diagnosis support. While traditional medical image retrieval relied on clinical metadata, content-based medical image retrieval (CBMIR) depends on image features, which can be extracted automatically or semi-automatically. Many approaches have been proposed for CBMIR, and among them, using pre-trained convolutional neural networks (CNNs) is a widely utilized approach. However, considering the recent advances in the development of foundation models for various computer vision tasks, their application for CBMIR can also be investigated.
 In this study, we used several pre-trained feature extractors from well-known pre-trained CNNs and pre-trained foundation models and investigated the CBMIR performance on eight types of two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) medical images. Furthermore, we investigated the effect of image size on the CBMIR performance.
 Our results show that, overall, for the 2D datasets, foundation models deliver superior performance by a large margin compared to CNNs, with the general-purpose self-supervised model for computational pathology (UNI) providing the best overall performance across all datasets and image sizes. For 3D datasets, CNNs and foundation models deliver more competitive performance, with contrastive learning from captions for histopathology model (CONCH) achieving the best overall performance. Moreover, our findings confirm that while using larger image sizes (especially for 2D datasets) yields slightly better performance, competitive CBMIR performance can still be achieved even with smaller image sizes. Our codes to reproduce the results are available at: https://github.com/masih4/MedImageRetrieval.
description: 37 pages
title: Energising EU Cohesion
title: Powering up lagging regions in the renewable energy transition
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Többen, Johannes
name: Banning, Maximilian
name: Hembach-Stunden, Katharina
name: Stöver, Britta
name: Ulrich, Philip
name: Schwab, Thomas
Publisher: name: Bertelsmann Stiftung
Year: 2023
Subjects: Energy sector
Energy transition
European regions

description: The European Green Deal mandates a substantial transformation of the energy sector, responsible for more than 80 % of total greenhouse gas emissions. This study investigates the economic implications of achieving climate neutrality in the European energy sector in light of the EU's core goal of economic cohesion, i.e. harmonious economic development across  European regions. Employing a novel multi-regional input-output model, our analysis reveals how the renewable energy transition affects European regions. Under complete decarbonisation, changes in value added per capita range from -2,450 Euro to +1,570 Euro, and employment levels fluctuate between -2.1 % and +4.9 %. On average, most regions experience positive effects, characterised by an average increase in value added per capita of 10 Euro and a 0.3 % rise in employment in 2050. Overall, rural regions with substantial renewable energy potential derive the greatest benefits, while  urban regions heavily reliant on carbon-intensive industries are more likely to experience adverse effects. This dynamic fosters economic cohesion by providing opportunities for lagging regions to catch up, yet also poses fresh challenges to achieving this goal. Therefore, cohesion policy must expand its scope to counter the adverse effects as well as leveraging opportunities created by the renewable energy transition in all European regions.
Cavity-Enhanced Optical Manipulation of Antiferromagnetic Magnon-Pairs
Creators: name: Parvini, Tahereh Sadat
name: Romling, Anna-Luisa E.
name: Sharma, Sanchar
name: Kusminskiy, Silvia Viola
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The optical manipulation of magnon states in antiferromagnets (AFMs) holds significant potential for advancing AFM-based computing devices. In particular, two-magnon Raman scattering processes are known to generate entangled magnon-pairs with opposite momenta. We propose to harness the dynamical backaction of a driven optical cavity coupled to these processes, to obtain steady states of squeezed magnon-pairs, represented by squeezed Perelomov coherent states. The system's dynamics can be controlled by the strength and detuning of the optical drive and by the cavity losses. In the limit of a fast (or lossy) cavity, we obtain an effective equation of motion in the Perelomov representation, in terms of a light-induced frequency shift and a collective induced dissipation which sign can be controlled by the detuning of the drive. In the red-detuned regime, a critical power threshold defines a region where magnon-pair operators exhibit squeezing, a resource for quantum information, marked by distinct attractor points. Beyond this threshold, the system evolves to limit cycles of magnon-pairs. In contrast, for resonant and blue detuning regimes, the magnon-pair dynamics exhibit limit cycles and chaotic phases, respectively, for low and high pump powers. Observing strongly squeezed states, auto-oscillating limit cycles, and chaos in this platform presents promising opportunities for future quantum information processing, communication developments, and materials studies.
title: In the Shadows of Apollo
title: The Space Age Legacies of Dispossession in Hancock County, Mississippi
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Simms, Stuart
Publisher: name: University of Kentucky Libraries
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: FOS: History and archaeology

description: In the Piney Woods of Mississippi, John C. Stennis used political connections to displace small communities in a 150,000-acre space in Hancock County, Mississippi for the creation of a rocket test facility for NASA. What became the John C. Stennis Space Center created a narrative that preached of the benefits of the facility in the region while local residents from the displaced communities remember the facility in different terms.
description: © 2020 Stuart Simms
THE IMPACT OF INTERACTIONS AND NETWORKS ON THE QUALITY OF SERVICE RELATIONSHIPS AND CONSUMER EXPERIENCES .pdf
Creators: name: Bukola Oyedokun
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 150506 Marketing Theory
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: 150399 Business and Management not elsewhere classified

description: In the neoclassical periods and the 1950s, the dominant logic was focused on physical goods, embedded values and transactions. There is, however, a revised logic that is centred on intangible resources, the co-creation of value and building of relationships. (Vargo&Lusch, 2004).The research shows that service is not rendered in isolation but it is interrelated with other factors such as the physical product, service component information, personal attention and other elements of customer relationships and hence the relationship can be regarded as a 'Network' because more than two people are involved (Gummerson, 2006).One of the importance of network on service marketing is that value is created for customers in a long time customer relationship, and the customer gets to be a part of the value creation process, this is because the whole service process is not focused on a short term value-creating decision but lots of effort and relationship building is put into the whole process to give customers the quality and value they are looking for.
Measurement of photonuclear jet production in ultra-peripheral Pb+Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\text{NN}}} = 5.02$ TeV with the ATLAS detector
Creators: name: ATLAS Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In ultra-relativistic heavy ion collisions at the LHC, each nucleus acts a sources of high-energy real photons that can scatter off the opposing nucleus in ultra-peripheral photonuclear ($γ+A$) collisions. Hard scattering processes initiated by the photons in such collisions provide a novel method for probing nuclear parton distributions in a kinematic region not easily accessible to other measurements. ATLAS has measured production of dijet and multi-jet final states in ultra-peripheral Pb+Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\text{NN}}} = 5.02$ TeV using a data set recorded in 2018 with an integrated luminosity of 1.72 $\text{nb}^{-1}$. Photonuclear final states are selected by requiring a rapidity gap in the photon direction; this selects events where one of the outgoing nuclei remains intact. Jets are reconstructed using the anti-$k_\text{t}$ algorithm with radius parameter, $R = 0.4$. Triple-differential cross-sections, unfolded for detector response, are measured and presented using two sets of kinematic variables. The first set consists of the total transverse momentum ($H_\text{T}$),rapidity, and mass of the jet system. The second set uses $H_\text{T}$ and particle-level nuclear and photon parton momentum fractions, $x_\text{A}$ and $z_γ$, respectively. The results are compared with leading-order (LO) perturbative QCD calculations of photonuclear jet production cross-sections, where all LO predictions using existing fits fall below the data in the shadowing region. More detailed theoretical comparisons will allow these results to strongly constrain nuclear parton distributions, and these data provide results from the LHC directly comparable to early physics results at the planned Electron-Ion Collider.
description: 78 pages in total, author list starting page 61, 35 figures, 2 tables, published in Phys. Rev. D. All figures are available at https://atlas.web.cern.ch/Atlas/GROUPS/PHYSICS/PAPERS/HION-2022-15
Far-infrared and Molecular CO Emission From the Host Galaxies of Faint Quasars at z~6
Creators: name: Wang, Ran
name: Wagg, Jeff
name: Carilli, Chris L.
name: Neri, Roberto.
name: Walter, Fabian
name: Omont, Alain
name: Riechers, Dominik. A.
name: Bertoldi, Frank
name: Menten, Karl M.
name: Cox, Pierre
name: Strauss, Michael A.
name: Fan, Xiaohui
name: Jiang, Linhua
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present new millimeter and radio observations of nine z~6 quasars discovered in deep optical and near-infrared surveys. We observed the 250 GHz continuum in eight of the nine objects and detected three of them. New 1.4 GHz radio continuum data have been obtained for four sources, and one has been detected. We searched for molecular CO (6-5) line emission in the three 250 GHz detections and detected two of them. We study the FIR and radio emission and quasar-host galaxy evolution with a sample of 18 z~6 quasars that are faint at UV/optical wavelengths (rest-frame 1450A magnitudes of m_1450\ge20.2). The average FIR-to-AGN UV luminosity ratio of this faint quasar sample is about two times higher than that of the bright quasars at z~6 (m_1450<20.2). A fit to the average FIR and AGN bolometric luminosities of both the UV/optically faint and bright z~6 quasars, and the average luminosities of samples of submillimeter /millimeter-observed quasars at z~2 to 5, yields a relationship of L_{FIR} {L_{bol}}^{0.62}. Five of the 18 faint z~6 quasars have been detected at 250 GHz. These 250 GHz detections, as well as most of the millimeter-detected optically bright z~6 quasars, follow a shallower trend of L_{FIR} {L_{bol}}^{0.45} defined by the starburst-AGN systems in local and high-z universe. The millimeter continuum detections in the five objects and molecular CO detections in three of them reveal a few x10^8 M_sun of FIR-emitting warm dust and 10^10 M_sun of molecular gas in the quasar host galaxies. All these results argue for massive star formation in the quasar host galaxies, with estimated star formation rates of a few hundred M_sun yr^{-1}. Additionally, the higher FIR-to-AGN luminosity ratio found in these 250 GHz-detected faint quasars also suggests a higher ratio between star formation rate and supermassive black hole accretion rate than the UV/optically most luminous quasars at z~6.
description: 23 pages, 4 figures, to be published in AJ
Weak subordination breaking for the quenched trap model
Creators: name: Burov, Stas
name: Barkai, Eli
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We map the problem of diffusion in the quenched trap model onto a new stochastic process: Brownian motion which is terminated at the coverage "time" ${\cal S}_α=\sum_{x=-\infty} ^\infty (n_x)^α$ with $n_x$ being the number of visits to site $x$. Here $0
description: 15 pages. 7 figures
Breaking the silence : beginning teachers share pathways out of the profession
Creators: name: Beck, Jaime Leigh
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: This thesis explores the story of teacher attrition, the story behind the statistic that tells us that as many as 50% of teachers leave the profession within their first five years (Clandinin, Downey, & Huber, 2009, p. 145; Glassford & Salinitri, 2007, p. 5; Ingersoll and Kralik, 2004, p. 2). Research also tells us that this is not all ‘healthy’ attrition (Borman, & Dowling, 2008), and that unhealthy teacher attrition places many burdens on the education system. Using narrative inquiry, this thesis creates a space for the stories of beginning teachers. The reader is invited into a dialogue where these teachers share their experiences of induction, mentorship, bureaucracy, accountability, and their many experiences in the classroom in order to explore the complexities behind their decision to leave the classroom early. As the practices of teacher mentorship and teacher induction grow, it is essential that beginning teachers be allowed to meaningfully contribute to the dialogue in a candid way. Narrative inquiry allows the complexity of teacher induction to remain complex. This inquiry leaves space for the reader to engage in the dialogue, to bring the inquiry into his or her own context. “It is a living composting” (Leggo, 2002, p. 2); fertile ground for future inquiry and critical discussion.
A Case Report on Meningitis-malaria Co-infection
Creators: name: Savadogo Mamoudou
name: Zoungrana Jacques
name: Boushab Mohamed Boushab
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Severe malaria
bacterial meningitis
meningoencephalitis
pneumococcal meningitis

description: Introduction: Meningitis-malaria co-infection is a medical emergency. Objective: the aim of this report is to remind clinicians of the seriousness of this co-infection Observations: Through three clinical cases, the authors draw the attention of clinicians to cases of severe bacterial meningitis and malaria co-infection. They underline the interest of the concomitant research of these two pathologies in front of a febrile meningoencephalitis picture with an alteration of the consciousness. Cerebrospinal fluid analysis and thick blood drop are essential to confirm the diagnosis. Despite management with antibiotics and antimalarials, one death was recorded. Conclusion: Bacterial meningitis with severe malaria co-infection is not rare in our context. It constitutes an emergency of diagnosis and treatment. Its prevention requires vaccination and the use of insecticide-treated mosquito nets.
Expanding Universe: Thermodynamical Aspects From Different Models
Creators: name: Pal, Sridip
name: Biswas, Ritabrata
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The pivotal point of the paper is to discuss the behavior of temperature, pressure, energy density as a function of volume along with determination of caloric EoS from following two model: $w(z)=w_{0}+w_{1}\ln(1+z)$ & $ w(z)=-1+\frac{(1+z)}{3}\frac{A_{1}+2A_{2}(1+z)}{A_{0}+2A_{1}(1+z)+A_{2}(1+z)^{2}}$. The time scale of instability for this two models is discussed. In the paper we then generalize our result and arrive at general expression for energy density irrespective of the model. The thermodynamical stability for both of the model and the general case is discussed from this viewpoint. We also arrive at a condition on the limiting behavior of thermodynamic parameter to validate the third law of thermodynamics and interpret the general mathematical expression of integration constant $U_{0}$ (what we get while integrating energy conservation equation) physically relating it to number of micro states. The constraint on the allowed values of the parameters of the models is discussed which ascertains stability of universe. The validity of thermodynamical laws within apparent and event horizon is discussed.
description: 16 pages, 3 figures(Accepted for publication in "Astrophysics and Space Science")
Quantum Storage and Retrieval of Light by Sweeping the Atomic Frequency
Creators: name: Kaviani, Hamidreza
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Physics--Atomic
subject: Quantum Storage and Retrieval of Light
subject: Quantum Memory
subject: Atomic Frequency Sweep
subject: Polaritonic Description

description: We propose and analyze a quantum memory protocol based on dynamically changing the resonance frequency of an ensemble of two-level atoms. By sweeping the atomic frequency in an adiabatic fashion, photons are reversibly transferred into atomic coherences. We present a polaritonic description for this type of storage, which shares lots of similarities with Electromagnetically Induced Transparency (EIT) based quantum memories. On the other hand this memory is linked to the Gradient Echo Memory(GEM) quantum memory in the co-moving frame due to the effective spatial gradient that pulses experience in the medium. As a result the proposed protocol forms a bridge between two well-known protocols for quantum memory, which is conceptually a matter of interest in the field of quantum memories. We also present a numerical analysis of this memory protocol and discuss various conditions that have to be fulfilled for desirable memory performance.
Sorption-Enhanced Hydrogen Production from Catalytic Steam Gasification of Coal
Creators: name: Mostafavi, Ehsan
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Engineering--Chemical
subject: Hydrogen Production
subject: Catalytic Steam Gasification of Coal
subject: CO2 Capture
subject: Aspen Plus Simulation

description: In recent decades, growing concerns about the increasing atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) levels have led to a global push towards the mitigation of anthropogenic CO2 emissions from fossil fuels. Clean coal technologies such as the calcium looping cycle show potential for capturing CO2. In this research, the thermodynamic and kinetic simulations of the CO2 capture process on calcium-based sorbent of calcined dolomite were investigated using Aspen Plus software. Furthermore, the performance of dolomite was compared with that of Cadomin limestone in the temperature range of 600-750°C. The experimental data and model results both illustrated a shift in the reaction mechanism with respect to temperature at 650°C. Novel mixed catalyst-sorbent pellets were prepared with different contents of potassium carbonate and calcium oxide as the catalyst and sorbent, respectively. Experiments were performed on the steam gasification of two different types of coal with these pellets in a fixed-bed reactor. Boundary Dam lignite coal (low-rank coal) demonstrated a higher reactivity than the Genesee subbituminous coal (medium rank). A maximum hydrogen fraction of 80% (dry basis with nitrogen) was obtained from steam gasification of lignite using composite pellets with 50% catalyst at 700°C. A modified catalytic hydrogen production reaction integrated novel gasification (M-HyPr-RING) process was then developed for high-purity hydrogen production from the steam gasification of ash-free coal. The steam gasification experiments were conducted in the same reactor with different catalyst loadings with and without sorbent. A maximum hydrogen molar fraction of 85% was observed with 20wt% catalyst and a calcium oxide to carbon ratio of 2 at 675°C under nearly atmospheric pressure. High-purity hydrogen production from the steam-only gasification of woody biomass integrated with CO2 capture was also explored through process simulation in Aspen Plus software, in order to determine the effect of CO2 capture on gasification at a demonstration plant scale. The model was validated with experimental data available in the literature, and a reversible carbonation/calcination reaction of calcium oxide with CO2 was added. The CO2 capture was predicted to enhance hydrogen purity, which in turn improved the higher heating values by 3 times and the cold gas efficiency by 28%.
Resolving magnetic frustration in a pyrochlore lattice
Creators: name: Wang, Jiyang
name: Feng, Yejun
name: Jaramillo, R.
name: van Wezel, Jasper
name: Canfield, P. C.
name: Rosenbaum, T. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: CeFe$_2$ is a geometrically frustrated ferromagnet that lies close to an instability at which a subtle change in the lattice symmetry couples to a transition to antiferromagnetism. We use x-ray diffraction, diamond-anvil-cell techniques, and numerical simulation to identify the ground states and to quantitatively illustrate effects of competing magnetic energy scales and geometrical frustration on the magnetic phase diagram. Comparison of phase transitions under both chemical substitution and applied pressure suggests a general solution to the physics of pyrochlore rare earth inter-metallic magnets.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
The Intersection of Gender/Sex and Food Insecurity on Mental Health Outcomes
Creators: name: Jessiman-Perreault, Geneviève
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mental Health
subject: Public Health
subject: Food Insecurity

description: Gender and food insecurity are important social determinants of health and are related to a wide spectrum of mental health conditions. Food insecurity typically contains four dimensions: qualitative, quantitative, social and psychological; each of which has its own unique stressors. Food insecurity is a chronically stressful experience, and chronic stress has been consistently associated with the development of mental health problems. This thesis examines, using a pooled sample from a national data set, how the sex gap in seven mental health outcomes is affected by consideration of food insecurity status. For the full sample, the sex gap in five of seven mental health outcomes was pronounced. When only the food insecure sub-sample was examined, there were no statistically significant sex differences in six of seven mental health outcomes. Therefore, food insecurity has a sex neutralizing effect on the sex gap in mental health outcomes, an indication of its powerful effect as a stressor.
Quantum graphs with singular two-particle interactions
Creators: name: Bolte, Jens
name: Kerner, Joachim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct quantum models of two particles on a compact metric graph with singular two-particle interactions. The Hamiltonians are self-adjoint realisations of Laplacians acting on functions defined on pairs of edges in such a way that the interaction is provided by boundary conditions. In order to find such Hamiltonians closed and semi-bounded quadratic forms are constructed, from which the associated self-adjoint operators are extracted. We provide a general characterisation of such operators and, furthermore, produce certain classes of examples. We then consider identical particles and project to the bosonic and fermionic subspaces. Finally, we show that the operators possess purely discrete spectra and that the eigenvalues are distributed following an appropriate Weyl asymptotic law.
Spatially resolving the outer atmosphere of the M giant BK Vir in the CO first overtone lines with VLTI/AMBER
Creators: name: Ohnaka, K.
name: Hofmann, K. -H.
name: Schertl, D.
name: Weigelt, G.
name: Malbet, F.
name: Massi, F.
name: Meilland, A.
name: Stee, Ph.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The mass-loss mechanism in normal K--M giant stars with small variability amplitudes is not yet understood, although they are the majority among red giant stars. We present high-spatial and high-spectral resolution observations of the 2.3 micron CO lines in the M7 giant BK Vir with a spatial resolution of 9.8 mas and a spectral resolution of 12000, using AMBER at the Very Large Telescope Interferometer (VLTI). The angular diameters observed in the CO lines are 12--31% larger than those measured in the continuum. We also detected asymmetry in the CO line-forming region. The data taken 1.5 months apart show possible time variation on a spatial scale of 30 mas (corresponding to 3 x stellar diameter) at the CO band head. Comparison of the observed data with the MARCS photospheric model shows that whereas the observed CO line spectrum can be well reproduced by the model, the angular sizes observed in the CO lines are much larger than predicted by the model. Our model with two additional CO layers above the MARCS photosphere reproduces the observed spectrum and interferometric data in the CO lines simultaneously. This model suggests that the inner CO layer at ~1.2 stellar radii is very dense and warm with a CO column density of ~10^{22} cm^{-2} and temperatures of 1900--2100K, while the outer CO layer at 2.5--3.0 stellar radii is characterized by column densities of 10^{19}--10^{20} cm^{-2} and temperatures of 1500--2100K. Our AMBER observations of BK Vir have spatially resolved the extended molecular outer atmosphere of a normal M giant in the individual CO lines for the first time. The temperatures derived for the CO layers are higher than or equal to the uppermost layer of the MARCS photospheric model, implying the operation of some heating mechanism in the outer atmosphere.
description: 10 pages, 9 figures, accepted for publication in Astronomy and Astrophysics
Examining the Utility of Constructing Physical Representations of Data
Creators: name: Payne, Jennifer
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Computer Science
subject: information visualization
subject: human-computer interaction
subject: physicalization
subject: physical visualization
subject: tangible user interface

description: For millennia, people have constructed physicalizations---physical representations of information---by hand. Recent studies have shown that physicalizations can be more efficient for transmitting information than on-screen visualizations. In addition, innovations like shape-changing interfaces and digital fabrication now make it possible to create physicalizations with little manual effort. Yet many physicalizations are still constructed by hand. In this thesis, we explore how manual construction of physicalizations influences the way people approach and comprehend data, through two studies. One study compares bar chart authoring through physical construction to authoring using template-based chart creation software. A second study compares participant behaviour when constructing physicalizations to that when exploring previously-built physicalizations. Through comparison of these processes, we derive implications for the design of visualization authoring tools, and for the exploration of data.
Green's function for metamaterial superlens: Evanescent wave in the image
Creators: name: Li, Wei
name: Jiang, Xunya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop a new method to calculate the evanescent wave, the subdivided evanescent waves (SEWs), and the radiative wave, which can be obtained by separating the global field of the image of metamaterial superlens. The method is based on Green's function, and it can be applied in other linear systems. This study could help us to investigate the effect of evanescent wave on metamaterial superlens directly, and give us a new way to design new devices.
description: 15 pages, 3 figures
Playing in the Margins: Collaboration Between Local Party Organizations in the Canadian Party System
Creators: name: Currie-Wood, Robin
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Education--Social Sciences
subject: Canadian Studies
subject: Political Science
subject: FOS: Political science
subject: political parties --- Canada
subject: party systems --- Canada
subject: party finance --- Canada

description: Collaboration between local party organizations is a peculiar organizational trait for Canadian political parties. It is peculiar because local party organizations were once conceived to be solely concerned with electoral activities in their own district, while central parties helped local campaigns in strategically important ridings. Collaboration also goes against the prevailing theory that political parties will centralize operations under new party finance law. Despite this some local party organizations in the Conservative Party of Canada began helping campaigns in other ridings. The population of financial data are assessed for the Conservative, Liberal, and New Democratic Party between 2007 and 2011 in order to determine why parties at the constituency level mobilize their own resources in other constituencies. Playing in the Margins reveals that collaboration occurs in order to better utilize campaign effort made in competitive and uncompetitive ridings, and may even be a new component of intra-party contests.
An intelligent assistant for annotating data in a learning analytics dashboard
Creators: name: Nitzke, Paul
Publisher: name: RWTH Aachen University
Year: 2023

description: Bachelorarbeit, RWTH Aachen University, 2023; Aachen : RWTH Aachen University 1 Online-Ressource : Illustrationen, Diagramme (2023). = Bachelorarbeit, RWTH Aachen University, 2023
description: Published by RWTH Aachen University, Aachen
title: Hearing Voices: Sound Art Practice in a Cross-Cultural Context
Creators: name: Wynne, John P.
Publisher: name: Goldsmiths, University of London
Year: 2007

description: This dissertation is concerned primarily with the body of work which has emerged from the author's project with endangered click languages in the Kalahari Desert. It looks at the development of his sound art practice by tracing the work leading up to Hearing Voices and by discussing the directions it has taken since the completion of that project. It examines the dichotomy in contemporary (sound) art between work which deals with ethnic identity and otherness and work which does not and outlines the ways in which the author's practice attempts to bridge this gap. Detailed examination of the socio-linguistic context of his work with Khoisan languages leads to an investigation of the issues and ethical responsibilities of cross-cultural practice. Links between acoustic ecology and language ecology are explored and consideration given to the way Hearing Voices and other works explore the boundaries between language and music, documentary and abstraction. The possibilities for new relationships between sound and (still) image are assessed through the author's use of new flat speaker technology and through an examination of the differences in approach required for the various media used in the Hearing Voices project (installation, radiophonic work, CD-ROM and work for multi-channel concert diffusion). Finally, the roles each of these forms can play in research-led sound art projects are considered.
Search for a Gravitational-Wave Background from Sound Speed Resonance from Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo's First Three Observing Runs
Creators: name: Wu, You
name: Chen, Zu-Cheng
name: Liu, Lang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We search for a stochastic gravitational-wave background (SGWB) originating from scalar-induced gravitational waves (SIGWs) with the sound speed resonance (SSR) effect using data from Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo's first three observing runs. The SSR mechanism, characterized by an oscillating sound speed squared term, can induce a nonperturbative parametric amplification of specific perturbation modes during inflation, leading to enhanced primordial curvature perturbations and a significant SIGW signal. We perform a Bayesian analysis to constrain the model parameters describing the SGWB spectrum from the SSR effect. Our results show no statistically significant evidence for the presence of such a signal in the current data. Consequently, we place an upper limit of $|τ_0| \lesssim 5.9 \times 10^3\,\mathrm{s}$ at $95\%$ confidence level on the start time of the oscillation in the SSR model. These results demonstrate the capability of current gravitational wave detectors to probe inflation models through the SSR mechanism and paves the way for future searches with improved sensitivity.
description: 14 pages, 2 figures, accepted by JCAP
Sedimentology and Stratigraphy of the Upper Devonian Imperial Formation, Mackenzie Valley, Northwest Territories, Canada
Creators: name: Acker, Rachael
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Geology
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Imperial Formation
subject: Upper Devonian
subject: Northwest Territories
subject: Mackenzie Corridor
subject: Mackenzie Valley
subject: Sedimentology
subject: Stratigraphy

description: A well exposed outcrop of the Upper Devonian Imperial Formation at the Imperial River type section, Northwest Territories, is described and analyzed in detail to evaluate depositional and sequence stratigraphic models. The formation is divided into lower, middle and upper intervals, with the present study focusing on the sandstone‐rich middle interval deposits. Eight facies are described and three facies associations interpreted within the middle interval, which comprise forty upwards‐ coarsening packages (3 – 20 m thick) at Imperial River. Each upwardscoarsening package is considered a parasequence, which records the shift from distal to proximal shelf and shoreface deposits. Analysis of various regional successions of parasequence stacking patterns, through integration of seismic data, well logs and outcrop data, is used to refine sediment distribution predictions and develop a revised stratigraphic framework for the Imperial Formation. The development of regional and local depositional models, should provide an initial framework for hydrocarbon exploration in the Imperial Formation of the Mackenzie Corridor.
Exploring youth engagement in environmental volunteering: Findings from a cross-case analysis
Creators: name: Puckett, Grace
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Geography
subject: Geographies of Children and Youth
subject: Environmental Volunteer Motivation
subject: Youth Environmental Volunteerism
subject: Citizen Science
subject: environmental education
subject: Pro-environmental Behaviour
subject: Public Participation at Parks

description: Despite interest in youth-environment interactions, the convergence of “youth” and “environmental volunteering” has received little attention. I conducted a qualitative, cross-case study to explore how and why youth, aged 18 and younger, participate in environmental volunteering. Transcripts from interviews with volunteer coordinators and youth volunteers were coded to understand the similarities and differences in the structure, motives, challenges, and benefits of youth engagement. Although often overlooked as environmental volunteers, my findings suggest that children and teenagers can and are making contributions as volunteers. Experiences of youth volunteers differ in important ways from adults; however, a number of parallels can be drawn. A unique set of functions specific to the experiences of environmental volunteers emerged, suggesting the need for researchers and practitioners to take into account the meaningful ways that environmental volunteer motives differ from other contexts. A rich opportunity exists to connect youth with the environment through volunteering.
Discovery of γ-ray pulsation and X-ray emission from the black widow pulsar PSR J2051-0827
Creators: name: Wu, J. H. K.
name: Kong, A. K. H.
name: Huang, R. H. H.
name: Takata, J.
name: Tam, P. H. T.
name: Wu, E. M. H.
name: Cheng, K. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the discovery of pulsed γ-ray emission and X-ray emission from the black widow millisecond pulsar PSR J2051-0827 by using the data from the Large Area Telescope (LAT) on board the Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope and the Advanced CCD Imaging Spectrometer array (ACIS-S) on the Chandra X-ray Observatory. Using 3 years of LAT data, PSR J2051-0827 is clearly detected in γ-ray with a signicance of \sim 8σ in the 0.2 - 20 GeV band. The 200 MeV - 20 GeV γ-ray spectrum of PSR J2051-0827 can be modeled by a simple power- law with a photon index of 2.46 \pm 0.15. Significant (\sim 5σ) γ-ray pulsations at the radio period were detected. PSR J2051-0827 was also detected in soft (0.3-7 keV) X-ray with Chandra. By comparing the observed γ-rays and X-rays with theoretical models, we suggest that the γ-ray emission is from the outer gap while the X-rays can be from intra-binary shock and pulsar magnetospheric synchrotron emissions.
description: 10 pages, 4 figures, accepted by ApJ on Jan 28, 2012