cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Quantitative approximate definable choices
Creators: name: Lerario, Antonio
name: Rizzi, Luca
name: Tiberio, Daniele
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Metric Geometry (math.MG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14P10, 53C17

description: In semialgebraic geometry, projections play a prominent role. A definable choice is a semialgebraic selection of one point in every fiber of a projection. Definable choices exist by semialgebraic triviality, but their complexity depends exponentially on the number of variables. By allowing the selection to be approximate (in the Hausdorff sense), we improve on this result. In particular, we construct an approximate selection whose degree is linear in the complexity of the projection and does not depend on the number of variables. This work is motivated by infinite-dimensional applications, in particular to the Sard conjecture in sub-Riemannian geometry. To prove these results, we develop a general quantitative theory for Hausdorff approximations in semialgebraic geometry, which has independent interest.
description: accepted version, to appear on Mathematische Annalen
title: Kinder- und Jugendlicheneuthanasie zur Zeit des Nationalsozialismus am Wiener Spiegelgrund
Creators: name: Vörös, Lukas
Year: 2010

description: Zur Hinführung zum eigentlichen Themengebiet der Kinder- und Jugendeuthanasie zur Zeit des Nationalsozialismus am Wiener Spiegelgrund wird der Umgang mit „Krüppeln“ in vergangenen Jahrhunderten hinterfragt. Dabei ist das Bild entscheidend, das sich die „nichtbehinderte Umwelt“ von körperlich oder geistig Behinderten macht. Der Schwerpunkt der Arbeit richtet dem Thema entsprechend den Focus auf die „Vorkommnisse“ am Spiegelgrund. Eine Gruppe von Ärzten und Schwestern treffen eine beliebige Auslese von Kindern und Jugendlichen nach wirtschaftlichen Kriterien und nach legalisierten Methoden. Sie unterscheiden wertes und unwertes Leben. Schicksale einzelner Personen werden thematisiert, solche, die nicht überlebt haben und von denen zahlreiche Krankenakte Zeugnis ablegen und von Menschen, die die „Behandlung“ überlebt und noch heute wertvolle Zeitzeugen darstellen. Nach 1945 scheint die Aufarbeitung und der Umgang mit den sterblichen Überresten schwierig bis gleichgültig – in der Gesellschaft, in der Politik, ja sogar in Kreisen von Medizin und Wissenschaft. Erst spät schaffen es beherzte Menschen, noch lebende Täter zur Verantwortung zu ziehen. Seit 20 Jahren kommt es endlich zu einer umfassenden wissenschaftlichen Befassung des Themas und damit auch zu einer Anerkennung der Opfer. Die Ausstellung am Spiegelgrund, dem heutigen Otto Wagner Spital, ist eines der Ergebnisse dieser Bemühungen. Die Beisetzung sterblicher Überreste auf dem Wiener Zentralfriedhof im Jahr 2002 oder die 772 Lichtsäulen zum Gedenken an jedes Opfer auf dem Gelände des Otto Wagner Spitals geben Zeugnis, dass diese Gräueltaten nie mehr vergessen werden dürfen.
Additional file 1 of Improvement of multilineage hematopoiesis in hematopoietic stem cell-transferred c-kit mutant NOG-EXL humanized mice
Creators: name: Ito, Ryoji
name: Ohno, Yusuke
name: Mu, Yunmei
name: Ka, Yuyo
name: Ito, Shuko
name: Emi-Sugie, Maiko
name: Mochizuki, Misa
name: Kawai, Kenji
name: Goto, Motohito
name: Ogura, Tomoyuki
name: Takahashi, Riichi
name: Niwa, Akira
name: Nakahata, Tatsutoshi
name: Ito, Mamoru
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology

description: Supplementary Material 1
The longitudinal dynamics and natural history of clonal haematopoiesis.
Creators: name: Fabre, Margarete A
name: De Almeida, José Guilherme
name: Fiorillo, Edoardo
name: Mitchell, Emily
name: Damaskou, Aristi
name: Rak, Justyna
name: Orrù, Valeria
name: Marongiu, Michele
name: Chapman, Michael Spencer
name: Vijayabaskar, MS
name: Baxter, Joanna
name: Hardy, Claire
name: Abascal, Federico
name: Williams, Nicholas
name: Nangalia, Jyoti
name: Martincorena, Iñigo
name: Campbell, Peter J
name: McKinney, Eoin F
name: Cucca, Francesco
name: Gerstung, Moritz
name: Vassiliou, George
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2022
Subjects: Article
/692/699/67/1990/283/1897
/692/699/67/1990/1673
/692/499
/631/114/2397
/631/208/737
/45/23
/45/100
/141
article

description: Clonal expansions driven by somatic mutations become pervasive across human tissues with age, including in the haematopoietic system, where the phenomenon is termed clonal haematopoiesis1-4. The understanding of how and when clonal haematopoiesis develops, the factors that govern its behaviour, how it interacts with ageing and how these variables relate to malignant progression remains limited5,6. Here we track 697 clonal haematopoiesis clones from 385 individuals 55 years of age or older over a median of 13 years. We find that 92.4% of clones expanded at a stable exponential rate over the study period, with different mutations driving substantially different growth rates, ranging from 5% (DNMT3A and TP53) to more than 50% per year (SRSF2P95H). Growth rates of clones with the same mutation differed by approximately ±5% per year, proportionately affecting slow drivers more substantially. By combining our time-series data with phylogenetic analysis of 1,731 whole-genome sequences of haematopoietic colonies from 7 individuals from an older age group, we reveal distinct patterns of lifelong clonal behaviour. DNMT3A-mutant clones preferentially expanded early in life and displayed slower growth in old age, in the context of an increasingly competitive oligoclonal landscape. By contrast, splicing gene mutations drove expansion only later in life, whereas TET2-mutant clones emerged across all ages. Finally, we show that mutations driving faster clonal growth carry a higher risk of malignant progression. Our findings characterize the lifelong natural history of clonal haematopoiesis and give fundamental insights into the interactions between somatic mutation, ageing and clonal selection.
sj-docx-1-njn-10.1177_20571585241227594 - Supplemental material for Independent and effective care – district nurses’ experiences of prescribing drugs: A systematic qualitative literature review
Creators: name: Hammarberg, Christina
name: Abelsson, Anna
name: Arslan, Aysel
name: Willman, Anna
Publisher: name: SAGE Journals
Year: 2024
Subjects: Health and Community Services
Nursing not elsewhere classified
Public Health and Health Services not elsewhere classified

description: Supplemental material, sj-docx-1-njn-10.1177_20571585241227594 for Independent and effective care – district nurses’ experiences of prescribing drugs: A systematic qualitative literature review by Christina Hammarberg, Anna Abelsson, Aysel Arslan and Anna Willman in Nordic Journal of Nursing Research
FisheyeDepth: A Real Scale Self-Supervised Depth Estimation Model for Fisheye Camera
Creators: name: Zhao, Guoyang
name: Liu, Yuxuan
name: Qi, Weiqing
name: Ma, Fulong
name: Liu, Ming
name: Ma, Jun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Accurate depth estimation is crucial for 3D scene comprehension in robotics and autonomous vehicles. Fisheye cameras, known for their wide field of view, have inherent geometric benefits. However, their use in depth estimation is restricted by a scarcity of ground truth data and image distortions. We present FisheyeDepth, a self-supervised depth estimation model tailored for fisheye cameras. We incorporate a fisheye camera model into the projection and reprojection stages during training to handle image distortions, thereby improving depth estimation accuracy and training stability. Furthermore, we incorporate real-scale pose information into the geometric projection between consecutive frames, replacing the poses estimated by the conventional pose network. Essentially, this method offers the necessary physical depth for robotic tasks, and also streamlines the training and inference procedures. Additionally, we devise a multi-channel output strategy to improve robustness by adaptively fusing features at various scales, which reduces the noise from real pose data. We demonstrate the superior performance and robustness of our model in fisheye image depth estimation through evaluations on public datasets and real-world scenarios. The project website is available at: https://github.com/guoyangzhao/FisheyeDepth.
TSCLIP: Robust CLIP Fine-Tuning for Worldwide Cross-Regional Traffic Sign Recognition
Creators: name: Zhao, Guoyang
name: Ma, Fulong
name: Qi, Weiqing
name: Zhang, Chenguang
name: Liu, Yuxuan
name: Liu, Ming
name: Ma, Jun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Traffic sign is a critical map feature for navigation and traffic control. Nevertheless, current methods for traffic sign recognition rely on traditional deep learning models, which typically suffer from significant performance degradation considering the variations in data distribution across different regions. In this paper, we propose TSCLIP, a robust fine-tuning approach with the contrastive language-image pre-training (CLIP) model for worldwide cross-regional traffic sign recognition. We first curate a cross-regional traffic sign benchmark dataset by combining data from ten different sources. Then, we propose a prompt engineering scheme tailored to the characteristics of traffic signs, which involves specific scene descriptions and corresponding rules to generate targeted text descriptions. During the TSCLIP fine-tuning process, we implement adaptive dynamic weight ensembling (ADWE) to seamlessly incorporate outcomes from each training iteration with the zero-shot CLIP model. This approach ensures that the model retains its ability to generalize while acquiring new knowledge about traffic signs. To the best knowledge of authors, TSCLIP is the first contrastive language-image model used for the worldwide cross-regional traffic sign recognition task. The project website is available at: https://github.com/guoyangzhao/TSCLIP.
Additional file 1 of Comparison of conventional MRI analysis versus MRI-based radiomics to predict the circumferential margin resection involvement of rectal cancer
Creators: name: Liang, Hong
name: Ma, Dongnan
name: Ma, Yanqing
name: Hang, Yuan
name: Guan, Zheng
name: Zhang, Yang
name: Wei, Yuguo
name: Wang, Peng
name: Zhang, Ming
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: Medicine
Cell Biology
Biotechnology
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Marine Biology
Cancer

description: Supplementary Material 1
U. S. Cottonseed Industry Adjusting to Short 1966 Crop
Creators: name: Kromer, George W.
name: Kromer, George W.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1966
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: Productivity Analysis

description: U. S. cotton acreage has dropped sharply from 26.9 million in 1951 to 9.8 million in 1966, a decline of 64 percent. Cottonseed production was reduced only 29 percent during this period because of the strong uptrend in yield per acre. The 1966 cottonseed crop is estimated at 4.5 million tons, 27 percent less than in 1965 and the smallest since 1950. The sharp cutback reflects the heavy acreage diversion under the 1966 Upland Cotton Program. This year's short crop will result in (1) higher prices for cottonseed to farmers; (2) excess processing capacity; (3) a high price for cottonseed oil and wide premium over soybean oil, and (4) a decline in usage of cottonseed products both here and abroad.
description: Reprinted from the Fats and Oils Situation, FOS-234, August 1966, by the Economic and Statistical Analysis Division, Economic Research Service
Turbulence to order transitions in activity patterned active nematics
Creators: name: Schimming, Cody D.
name: Reichhardt, C. J. O.
name: Reichhardt, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We numerically study two-dimensional active nematics with periodic activity patterning. For stripes of activity, we observe a transition from two-dimensional to one-dimensional active turbulence as the maximum active force and distance between activity stripes increases, followed by a transition to stable vortices ordered antiferromagnetically along the stripes and ferromagnetically transverse to the stripes. By comparing to a triangular lattice of activity circles, we find that transitions to two-dimensional active turbulence emerge from interplays between the active length scale and activity density, independent of the patterning geometry. The vortex ordering, on the other hand, is highly sensitive to patterning geometry, which we show by comparing the activity stripes to columns of activity circles, where the vortex ordering is lost. Our results provide a mechanism for inducing non-equilibrium phase transitions in active nematics using activity inhomogeneity, which can be further exploited to create activity patterned ordered phases.
description: 11 pages, 8 figures
Voice Assistants for Health Self-Management: Designing for and with Older Adults
Creators: name: Mahmood, Amama
name: Cao, Shiye
name: Stiber, Maia
name: Antony, Victor Nikhil
name: Huang, Chien-Ming
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Supporting older adults in health self-management is crucial for promoting independent aging, particularly given the growing strain on healthcare systems. While voice assistants (VAs) hold the potential to support aging in place, they often lack tailored assistance and present usability challenges. We addressed these issues through a five-stage design process with older adults to develop a personal health assistant. Starting with in-home interviews (N = 17), we identified two primary challenges in older adult's health self-management: health awareness and medical adherence. To address these challenges, we developed a high-fidelity LLM-powered VA prototype to debrief doctor's after-visit summary and generate tailored medication reminders. We refined our prototype with feedback from co-design workshops (N = 10) and validated its usability through in-home studies (N = 5). Our work highlights key design features for personal health assistants and provides broader insights into desirable VA characteristics, including personalization, adapting to user context, and respect for user autonomy.
sj-docx-2-gph-10.1177_2333794X241234566 – Supplemental material for Using Narrative Films to Combat HIV-Related Stigma in Western Kenya: An Exploratory Pilot Study of Adolescents Living With HIV and Their Caregivers
Creators: name: McCoy, Brittany M.
name: McAteer, Carole I.
name: Ashimosi, Celestine
name: Aluoch, Josephine
name: Lewis, C. Thomas
name: Nyandiko, Winstone
name: Vreeman, Rachel C.
Publisher: name: SAGE Journals
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Neurology and Neuromuscular Diseases
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Nursing not elsewhere classified
subject: Paediatrics

description: Supplemental material, sj-docx-2-gph-10.1177_2333794X241234566 for Using Narrative Films to Combat HIV-Related Stigma in Western Kenya: An Exploratory Pilot Study of Adolescents Living With HIV and Their Caregivers by Brittany M. McCoy, Carole I. McAteer, Celestine Ashimosi, Josephine Aluoch, C. Thomas Lewis, Winstone Nyandiko and Rachel C. Vreeman in Global Pediatric Health
Effect of drying on oxidation of membrane lipids and expression of genes encoded by the Shiga toxin prophage in Escherichia coli
Creators: Fang, Yuan
McMullen, Lynn M.
Gänzle, Michael G.
Publisher: name: University of Alberta Library
Year: 2020

Drying processes do not eliminate pathogenic Escherichia coli in foods but induce sublethal injury, which may also induce the Shiga toxin (Stx) prophage. This study investigated the effect of drying on membrane lipid oxidation and stx expression in E. coli. Lipid peroxidation was probed with C11-BODIPY581/591; and stx expression was assayed by quantification of GFP in E. coli O104:H4 Δstx2a:gfp:ampr. Treatment of E. coli with H2O2 oxidized the probe; probe oxidation was also observed after drying and rehydration. Lipid oxidation and the lethality of drying were reduced when cells were dried with trehalose under anaerobic condition; in addition, viability and probe oxidation differed between E. coli AW1.7 and E. coli AW1.7Δcfa. Desiccation tolerance thus relates to membrane lipid oxidation. Drying also resulted in expression of GFP in 5% of the population. Overexpression of gfp and recA after drying and rehydration suggested that the expression of Stx prophage was regulated by the SOS response. Overall, C11-BODIPY581/591 allowed investigation of lipid peroxidation in bacteria. Drying causes lipid oxidation, DNA damage and induction of genes encoded by the Stx prophage in E. coli.
Three essays in microeconomics
Creators: name: Randriamaro, Mary Tiana
Publisher: name: Washington State University
Year: 2023
Subjects: BDM
Bill payment
Conservation
Redistribution
Value of time
Water debt

description: This dissertation consists of three essays in microeconomics. The first paper (co-authored with Joseph Cook) analyzes the value of time with and without a smartphone by eliciting the compensation required by subjects to wait for 30 minutes, alone in an empty room, under four different conditions that varied access to the subject’s smartphone. Subjects asked for significantly more to wait in the room with reduced access to their smartphones. Additionally, we find little correlation between a subject’s wages and her offers, emphasizing the importance of heterogeneity in the value of time that is based on context rather than income.
description: The second paper (co-authored with Joseph Cook) explores whether water rate progressivity is related to water scarcity and income inequality. Following an approach used in electricity, we calculate a measure of rate redistribution. We find no evidence that rate structures respond to water scarcity, but that rates are more redistributive in areas with higher income inequality. The correlation with income inequality becomes insignificant when we include controls for population served, affordability programs, publicly-owned utilities, and politics. However, we find that utilities serving larger population tend to have more redistributive rates.
description: The third paper (co-authored with Joseph Cook and David Fuente) investigates people’s bill payment behavior and debt patterns. In theory, a high moral cost of nonpayment or carrying debt incentivizes payment while high water costs increase nonpayment. In Nairobi, Kenya, water is inexpensive; however, at least half of the consumers regularly skip paying their bills. A behavioral based typology of payment behavior classified 80% percent of the water customers, with 50% being intermittent payer (skips paying then catches up with a sizable payment) and 8 to 10% each being exact payer (pays in full and on time), level payer (pays the same amount every time), and rarely payer (rarely pays) types.
title: Sprache und Theory-of-Mind bei Kindern mit Asperger-Syndrom
Creators: name: Leonhartsberger, Andrea
Year: 2010

description: Die vorliegende Diplomarbeit behandelt die Fähigkeiten und Schwierigkeiten von Kindern (und Jugendlichen) mit Asperger-Syndrom auf verschiedenen sprachlichen Ebenen sowie in Bezug auf Theory-of-Mind. Ausgehend von einer Vorstellung der Habilitation 'Die Autistischen Psychopathen im Kindesalter' des Wiener Kinderarztes Hans Asperger wird dabei zuerst das Asperger-Syndrom beschrieben. Diesbezüglich werden auch die diagnostischen Kriterien nach Gillberg (1991) und die der beiden Klassifikationssys-teme ICD-10 (World Health Organization 2007) und DSM-IV-TR (American Psychiatric Association 2000) sowie Tests zur Diagnosestellung vorgestellt und darüber hinaus Unterschiede und Gemeinsamkeiten mit den von Kanner für den infantilen Autismus angeführten Symptomen diskutiert. Das Hauptaugenmerk dieser Arbeit liegt auf den sprachlichen Fähigkeiten und Schwierigkeiten der betroffenen Personen, die zuerst generell zusammengefasst werden, wobei diesbezüglich auch die Abgrenzung des Asperger-Syndroms gegenüber dem High-Functioning Autismus kurz behandelt wird, bevor Studien zu den sprachlichen Ebenen 'Lexikalische und semantische Verarbeitung', 'Syntax', 'Prosodie' und 'Kommunikation' vorgestellt werden. Als Kontrollgruppe fungierten dabei meist Personen, die mit ihnen in Alter und Intelligenzniveau übereinstimmten und entweder eine normale Entwicklung aufwiesen oder die Diagnose High-Functioning Autismus erhalten hatten. Letztere wurden oft mit denjenigen mit Asperger-Syndrom mangels Unterschieden zu einer klinischen Gruppe zusammengefasst. Nach einer Vorstellung verschiedener Definitionen von Theory-of-Mind werden Studien zu den diesbezüglichen Schwierigkeiten vor allem von Kindern (und Jugendlichen) mit Asperger-Syndrom angeführt. Im Folgenden wird auf den Zusammenhang zwischen Fähigkeiten und Schwierigkeiten in bezüglich Sprache und Theory-of-Mind bei betroffenen Personen eingegangen und die Rolle der Relevanztheorie in diesem Zusammenhang diskutiert. Einige der in den verschiedenen Studien, die im Zuge dieser Diplomarbeit vorgestellt werden, verwendeten Materialien sind auch im Anhang angeführt. Diese Studien wurden meist von PsychologInnen vor allem in den letzten beiden Jahrzehnten durchgeführt, da die Habilitation von Hans Asperger lange kaum Beachtung fand.
(SPT-)LSM theorems from projective non-invertible symmetries
Creators: name: Pace, Salvatore D.
name: Lam, Ho Tat
name: Aksoy, Ömer M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Projective symmetries are ubiquitous in quantum lattice models and can be leveraged to constrain their phase diagram and entanglement structure. In this paper, we investigate the consequences of projective algebras formed by non-invertible symmetries and lattice translations in a generalized $1+1$D quantum XY model based on group-valued qudits. This model is specified by a finite group $G$ and enjoys a projective $\mathsf{Rep}(G)\times Z(G)$ and translation symmetry, where symmetry operators obey a projective algebra in the presence of symmetry defects. For invertible symmetries, such projective algebras imply Lieb-Schultz-Mattis (LSM) anomalies. However, this is not generally true for non-invertible symmetries, and we derive a condition on $G$ for the existence of an LSM anomaly. When this condition is not met, we prove an SPT-LSM theorem: any unique and gapped ground state is necessarily a non-invertible weak symmetry protected topological (SPT) state with non-trivial entanglement, for which we construct an example fixed-point Hamiltonian. The projectivity also affects the dual symmetries after gauging $\mathsf{Rep}(G)\times Z(G)$ sub-symmetries, giving rise to non-Abelian and non-invertible dipole symmetries, as well as non-invertible translations. We complement our analysis with the SymTFT, where the projectivity causes it to be a topological order non-trivially enriched by translations. Throughout the paper, we develop techniques for gauging $\mathsf{Rep}(G)$ symmetry and inserting its symmetry defects on the lattice, which are applicable to other non-invertible symmetries.
description: 64 pages, 2 figures, and featuring SmallGroup(32,49). v2: minor changes and added references. v3: published version
Unscented Transform-based Pure Pursuit Path-Tracking Algorithm under Uncertainty
Creators: name: Nantabut, Chinnawut
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Automated driving has become more and more popular due to its potential to eliminate road accidents by taking over driving tasks from humans. One of the remaining challenges is to follow a planned path autonomously, especially when uncertainties in self-localizing or understanding the surroundings can influence the decisions made by autonomous vehicles, such as calculating how much they need to steer to minimize tracking errors. In this paper, a modified geometric pure pursuit path-tracking algorithm is proposed, taking into consideration such uncertainties using the unscented transform. The algorithm is tested through simulations for typical road geometries, such as straight and circular lines.
description: Submitted to the 21st International Conference on Informatics in Control, Automation and Robotics (ICINCO 2024)
Analysis of Truncated Singular Value Decomposition for Koopman Operator-Based Lane Change Model
Creators: name: Nantabut, Chinnawut
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Understanding and modeling complex dynamic systems is crucial for enhancing vehicle performance and safety, especially in the context of autonomous driving. Recently, popular methods such as Koopman operators and their approximators, known as Extended Dynamic Mode Decomposition (EDMD), have emerged for their effectiveness in transforming strongly nonlinear system behavior into linear representations. This allows them to be integrated with conventional linear controllers. To achieve this, Singular Value Decomposition (SVD), specifically truncated SVD, is employed to approximate Koopman operators from extensive datasets efficiently. This study evaluates different basis functions used in EDMD and ranks for truncated SVD for representing lane change behavior models, aiming to balance computational efficiency with information loss. The findings, however, suggest that the technique of truncated SVD does not necessarily achieve substantial reductions in computational training time and results in significant information loss.
description: Submitted to the 21st International Conference on Informatics in Control, Automation and Robotics (ICINCO 2024)
Additional file 1 of Novel radiopaque ethanol injection: physicochemical properties, animal experiments, and clinical application in vascular malformations
Creators: name: Shen, Yu-Chen
name: Wang, De-Ming
name: Yang, Xi-Tao
name: Wang, Zhen-Feng
name: Wen, Ming-Zhe
name: Han, Yi-Feng
name: Zheng, Lian-Zhou
name: Di, Ruo-Yu
name: Jiang, Chun-Yu
name: Wang, Jing-Bing
name: You, Jian-Xiong
name: Zhang, Li-Ming
name: Su, Li-Xin
name: Fan, Xin-Dong
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Mental Health
subject: Hematology
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1: Materials and methods. Fig. S1 In vivo experimental methods of rabbits. Fig. S2 Embolization of central auricular artery by radiopaque ethanol injection (REI). Fig. S3 Transcatheter arterial embolization (TAE) of the kidney by radiopaque ethanol injection (REI). Fig. S4 Transcatheter arterial embolization (TAE) of renal artery by radiopaque ethanol injection (REI). Fig. S5 Supplementary indices of hepatic, renal and cardiac functions. Fig. S6 Histopathological staining of rabbits’ pivotal organs. Table S1 The scoring criteria of auricular venous histopathology. Table S2 The scoring criteria of auricular appearance. Table S3 The scoring criteria of auricular angiography. Table S4 The scoring criteria of auricular arterial histopathology. Table S5 Angiography of auricular vein and necrosis of auricular tissue [n(%), n = 6]. Table S6 Pharmacokinetic parameters of ethanol in rabbits of each group. Table S7 Pharmacokinetic parameters of iopromide in rabbits of each group (mean ± SD).
A multi-ion non-equilibrium solver for ionised astrophysical plasmas with arbitrary elemental abundances
Creators: name: Mathew, Arun
name: Mackey, Jonathan
name: Celeste, Maggie
name: Haworth, Thomas J.
name: Mellema, Garrelt
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: While many astrophysical plasmas can be modelled successfully assuming ionisation and thermal equilibrium, in some cases this is not appropriate and a non-equilibrium approach is required. In nebulae around evolved stars the local elemental abundances may also strongly vary in space and time. Here we present a non-equilibrium multi-ion module developed for the fluid-dynamics code \textsc{pion}, describing the physical processes included and demonstrating its capabilities with some test calculations. A non-equilbrium ionisation solver is developed that allows arbitrary elemental abundances for neutral and ionised (but not molecular) gas, for the elements H, He, C, N, O, Ne, Si, S and Fe. Collisional ionisation and recombination, photoionisation and charge-exchange reactions are included, and ion-by-ion non-equilibrium radiative cooling is calculated based on the instantaneous ion fractions of each element. Element and ion mass-fractions are advected using passive scalars, operator-split from the microphysical processes. The module is validated by comparing with equilibrium and non-equilibrium calculations in the literature. Effects of charge exchange on ion abundances in cooling plasmas are discussed. Application to modelling shocks and photoionised H~\textsc{ii} regions is demonstrated. The time-dependent expansion of a Wolf-Rayet nebula is studied, including photoionisation and collisional processes, and spectral-line luminosities calculated for non-equilibrium and equilibrium plasma states. The multi-ion module enables simulation of ionised plasmas with spatially varying elemental abundances using self-consistent ion abundances and thermal evolution. This allows prediction of spectral lines in UV, optical, IR and X-ray even in cases where the plasma is out of ionisation equilibrium.
A vision-based robotic system for precision pollination of apples
Creators: name: Bhattarai, Uddhav
name: Sapkota, Ranjan
name: Kshetri, Safal
name: Mo, Changki
name: Whiting, Matthew D.
name: Zhang, Qin
name: Karkee, Manoj
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Global food production depends upon successful pollination, a process that relies on natural and managed pollinators. However, natural pollinators are declining due to factors such as climate change, habitat loss, and pesticide use. This paper presents an integrated robotic system for precision pollination in apples. The system consisted of a machine vision system to identify target flower clusters and estimate their positions and orientations, and a manipulator motion planning and actuation system to guide the sprayer to apply charged pollen suspension to the target flower clusters. The system was tested in the lab, followed by field evaluation in Honeycrisp and Fuji orchards. In the Honeycrisp variety, the robotic pollination system achieved a fruit set of 34.8% of sprayed flowers with 87.5% of flower clusters having at least one fruit when a 2 gm/l pollen suspension was used. In comparison, the natural pollination technique achieved a fruit set of 43.1% with 94.9% of clusters with at least one fruit. In Fuji apples, the robotic system achieved lower pollination success, with 7.2% of sprayed flowers setting fruit and 20.6% of clusters having at least one fruit, compared to 33.1% and 80.6%, respectively, with natural pollination. Fruit quality analysis showed that robotically pollinated fruits were comparable to naturally pollinated fruits in terms of color, weight, diameter, firmness, soluble solids, and starch content. Additionally, the system cycle time was 6.5 seconds per cluster. The results showed a promise for robotic pollination in apple orchards. However, further research and development is needed to improve the system and assess its suitability across diverse orchard environments and apple cultivars.
description: Accepted for publication in Computers and Electronics in Agriculture
Classification of Conformal Carroll Algebras
Creators: name: Afshar, Hamid
name: Bekaert, Xavier
name: Najafizadeh, Mojtaba
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We classify a one-parameter family, $\mathfrak{confcarr}_z(d+1)$, of conformal extensions of the Carroll algebra in arbitrary dimension with $z$ being the anisotropic scaling exponent. We further obtain their infinite-dimensional extensions, $\widetilde{\mathfrak{confcarr}}_z(d+1)$, and discuss their corresponding finite-dimensional truncated subalgebras when the scaling exponent is integer or half-integer. For all these conformal extensions, we also constrain the 2-point and 3-point correlation functions with electric and/or magnetic features.
description: 51 pages, v2: references added + few minor corrections and clarifications
Views on information literacy / Sichten auf Informationskompetenz
Creators: name: Hapke, Thomas
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: information literacy
Informationskompetenz

description: Poster (in English and German language) illustrating different views on information literacy. Poster in deutscher und englischer Sprache zur Veranschaulichung verschiedener Sichten auf Informationskompetenz.
description: {"references": ["Spiranec, S.; Banek Zorica, M. & Kos, D. (2016). Information Literacy in participatory environments: The turn towards a critical literacy perspective. Journal of Documentation 72, 2, 247\u2013264. p. 259", "Addison, C. & Meyers, E. (2013). Perspectives on information literacy: a framework for conceptual understanding. Information research 18, 3 http://www.informationr.net/ir/18-3/colis/paperC27.html", "Whitworth, A. (2013). The Design of Media and Information Literacy. In: Media and Information Literacy for Knowledge Societies. Moscow: Interregional Library Cooperation Centre, 2013. 40-54. p. 47 http://www.ifapcom.ru/files/News/Images/2013/mil_eng_web.pdf", "Hapke, T. (2007). Informationskompetenz 2.0 und das Verschwinden des \"Nutzers\". Bibliothek 31, 2, 137-149. p. 141"]}
A general machine learning model of aluminosilicate melt viscosity and its application to the surface properties of dry lava planets
Creators: name: Losq, Charles Le
name: Ferraina, Clément
name: Sossi, Paolo A.
name: Boukaré, Charles-Édouard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Ultra-short-period exoplanets like K2-141 b likely have magma oceans on their dayside, which play a critical role in redistributing heat within the planet. This could lead to a warm nightside surface, measurable by the James Webb Space Telescope, offering insights into the planet's structure. Accurate models of properties like viscosity, which can vary by orders of magnitude, are essential for such studies.
 We present a new model for predicting molten magma viscosity, applicable in diverse scenarios, including magma oceans on lava planets. Using a database of 28,898 viscosity measurements on phospho-alumino-silicate melts, spanning superliquidus to undercooled temperatures and pressures up to 30 GPa, we trained a greybox artificial neural network, refined by a Gaussian process. This model achieves high predictive accuracy (RMSE $\approx 0.4 \log_{10}$ Pa$\cdot$s) and can handle compositions from SiO$_2$ to multicomponent magmatic and industrial glasses, accounting for pressure effects up to 30 GPa for compositions such as peridotite.
 Applying this model, we calculated the viscosity of K2-141 b's magma ocean under different compositions. Phase diagram calculations suggest that the dayside is fully molten, with extreme temperatures primarily controlling viscosity. A tenuous atmosphere (0.1 bar) might exist around a 40° radius from the substellar point. At higher longitudes, atmospheric pressure drops, and by 90°, magma viscosity rapidly increases as solidification occurs. The nightside surface is likely solid, but previously estimated surface temperatures above 400 K imply a partly molten mantle, feeding geothermal flux through vertical convection.
description: 19 pages, 9 figures, 2 tables
Conversion of ginsenosides by Lactobacillus plantarum studied by liquid chromatography coupled to quadrupole trap mass spectrometry
Creators: Bai, Yunpeng
Gänzle, Michael G.
Publisher: name: University of Alberta Library
Year: 2015

Ginsenosides are the active components responsible for the pharmacological properties of ginseng, a commonly used medicinal plant and food ingredient. This study aimed to determine the changes of ginsenosides during fermentation of ginseng extract or reference ginsenosides with Lactobacillus plantarum. Chemically acidified ginseng extracts served as controls. High performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole-trap (Q-TRAP) mass spectrometry method was employed for analysis and quantification of ginsenosides, and for identification of metabolites. A total of 14 metabolites were identified; the quantification of metabolites was achieved by tandem mass spectrometry in MRM mode. Metabolism of L. plantarum removed glucosyl moieties from ginsenosides Rb1, Rd, and Re at the C-20 position to produce a racemic mixture of products. Remarkably, removal of glycosyl residues occurred not only by hydrolysis but also by dehydration to produce racemic mixtures of δ20(21) or δ20(22) products. Biotransformation occurred more rapidly with the di-substituted ginsenoside Rb1 when compared to the mono-substituted ginsenoside Rd. This study thus extends the knowledge of biotransformation of ginsenosides to produce bioactive derivatives.
Additional file 1 of Morbidity profile and pharmaceutical management of adult outpatients between primary and tertiary care levels in Sri Lanka: a dual-centre, comparative study
Creators: name: Alwis, Inosha
name: Rajapaksha, Buwanaka
name: Jayasanka, Chanuka
name: Dharmaratne, Samath D.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biotechnology
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Cancer
Science Policy
Mental Health

description: Supplementary Material 1
Orbital Hall effect in transition metals from first-principles scattering calculations
Creators: name: Rang, Max
name: Kelly, Paul J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use first-principles scattering calculations based upon wave-function matching and implemented with a tight-binding MTO basis to evaluate the orbital Hall conductivity $σ_{\rm oH}$ for Ti, V, Cr, Cu and Pt metals with temperature-induced lattice disorder. Only interatomic fluxes of orbital angular momentum are included in these estimates; intraatomic fluxes which do not contribute to the transfer of angular momentum are explicitly excluded. The resistivity and orbital Hall angle are both found to be linear in temperature so $σ_{\rm oH}$ is at most weakly temperature dependent. The value of $σ_{\rm oH}$ we obtain for bulk Cr is $ \approx 2 \times 10^3 (\hbar/e) \, (Ω\, {\rm cm})^{-1}$ which is substantially lower than previously obtained theoretical results but agrees well with experiment. In units of $10^3 (\hbar/e) (Ω\, {\rm cm})^{-1}$, the values obtained for Ti, V and Pt are $5$, $6$ and $7$, respectively.
What Makes Food Prices?
Creators: name: Marketing Economics Division, Economic Research Service
name: Marketing Economics Division, Economic Research Service
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1966
Subjects: subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: Food prices go up or down for many reasons—some physical like weather, some economic like labor costs, some because of merchandising practices like weekend sales. Here briefly is more about why food prices can fluctuate month by month, week by week, even day by day.
description: Text reprinted from The Farm Index August 1966
Additional file 1 of Are implant-based treatments considered viable for patients with focal or florid cemento-osseous dysplasia? A systematic review
Creators: name: Hosseinpour, Setareh
name: Khademi, Mohammad Hadi
name: Erfani, Maryam
name: Mosaddad, Seyed Ali
name: Heboyan, Artak
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: Supplementary Material 1: Supplemental Table S1. Different search strategies and the corresponding keywords used in searching scientific databases.
Additional file 2 of Morbidity profile and pharmaceutical management of adult outpatients between primary and tertiary care levels in Sri Lanka: a dual-centre, comparative study
Creators: name: Alwis, Inosha
name: Rajapaksha, Buwanaka
name: Jayasanka, Chanuka
name: Dharmaratne, Samath D.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biotechnology
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Cancer
Science Policy
Mental Health

description: Supplementary Material 2
Inclusive Emotion Technologies: Addressing the Needs of d/Deaf and Hard of Hearing Learners in Video-Based Learning
Creators: name: Chen, Si
name: Situ, Jason
name: Cheng, Haocong
name: Su, Suzy
name: Kirst, Desiree
name: Ming, Lu
name: Wang, Qi
name: Angrave, Lawrence
name: Huang, Yun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Accessibility efforts for d/Deaf and hard of hearing (DHH) learners in video-based learning have mainly focused on captions and interpreters, with limited attention to learners' emotional awareness--an important yet challenging skill for effective learning. Current emotion technologies are designed to support learners' emotional awareness and social needs; however, little is known about whether and how DHH learners could benefit from these technologies. Our study explores how DHH learners perceive and use emotion data from two collection approaches, self-reported and automatic emotion recognition (AER), in video-based learning. By comparing the use of these technologies between DHH (N=20) and hearing learners (N=20), we identified key differences in their usage and perceptions: 1) DHH learners enhanced their emotional awareness by rewatching the video to self-report their emotions and called for alternative methods for self-reporting emotion, such as using sign language or expressive emoji designs; and 2) while the AER technology could be useful for detecting emotional patterns in learning experiences, DHH learners expressed more concerns about the accuracy and intrusiveness of the AER data. Our findings provide novel design implications for improving the inclusiveness of emotion technologies to support DHH learners, such as leveraging DHH peer learners' emotions to elicit reflections.
DETERMINING TRAITS INFLUENCING PHOTOSYNTHETIC WATER USE EFFICIENCY IN C4 PLANTS
Creators: name: Crawford, Joseph Daniel
Publisher: name: Washington State University
Year: 2023
Subjects: C4 photosynthesis
carbon isotope discrimination
carbonic anhydrase
mesophyll conductance
stomatal conductance
water use efficiency
Biology

description: Agriculture uses more than 80% of the fresh water in the world and climate change may reduce the water that is currently available. Therefore, there is a need to improve the water use efficiency of crops intrinsically from their leaf-level physiology through genetic improvement. However, detailed understanding of the mechanisms of leaf-level water use efficiency (WUEi) and how they are genetically controlled are poorly understood. Generally, biochemical or diffusional mechanisms are expected to alter WUEi. These mechanisms within species that use C4 photosynthesis have been difficult to determine because C4 photosynthesis uses a complex biochemical pathway to increase photosynthetic efficiency. Additionally, methods to identify natural variation in WUEi are low-throughput. This dissertation describes some physiological factors that influence WUEi and how those traits relate to a high-throughput method to detect natural variation for WUEi. First, a specific biochemical component of the C4 pathway was probed to characterize how it impacts photosynthesis and diffusional traits. Genetic knock-down mutants of carbonic anhydrase (CA) were characterized with gas exchange measurements, and we found that in high temperatures CA’s contribution to biochemical efficiency can have a significant impact on WUEi. In the second research chapter we expand the search for mechanisms that influence natural variation in leaf level water use efficiency with carbon isotope composition (δ13Cleaf). δ13Cleaf has been proposed as a high-throughput proxy for detecting variation in C4 WUEi but its relationship to biochemical and diffusional traits can be unclear. We identified a pair of genotypes that were distinct for δ13Cleaf but genetically similar and characterized their physiology. We found their contrast in δ13Cleaf stems from speed of stomatal closure in dynamic light and CO2 levels which impacts WUEi. Finally, in chapter 4 we surveyed δ13Cleaf as a trait in a phenotypically diverse population of a C4 species and quantified the contributions from genetics or environmental factors. We associated δ13Cleaf phenotypes to candidate genes that may confer variation in δ13Cleaf and WUEi through genome-wide association. Collectively, this dissertation advanced the understanding of biochemical and diffusional mechanisms of C4 WUEi and their genetic control.