cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Proper motions for HST observations in three off-axis bulge fields
Creators: name: Soto, Mario
name: Zeballos, Hugo
name: Kuijken, Konrad
name: Rich, R. Michael
name: Kunder, Andrea
name: Astraatmadja, Tri
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Aims. This is the second in a series of papers that attempt to unveil the kinematic structure of the Galactic bulge through studying radial velocities and proper motions. We report here ~15000 new proper motions for three low foreground-extinction off-axis fields of the Galactic bulge. Methods. Proper motions were derived from a combination of Hubble Space Telescope Wide Field Planetary Camera 2 (WFPC2) and Advanced Camera for Surveys (ACS) images taken 8 and 9 years apart, and ACS observations taken 9 and 10 years apart, and they reach accuracies better than 0.9 mas/yr for more than ~10000 objects with magnitudes F814W < 24. Results. The proper motion distributions in these fields are similar to those of Galactic minor axis bulge fields. We observe the rotation of main sequence stars below the turn-off within the Galactic bulge, as in the minor axis fields. Conclusions. Our stellar proper motions measurements show a significant bulge rotation for fields as far from the galactic plane as b=-8.
description: 14 pages, 14 figures, published in Astronomy & Astrophysics
High-density two-dimensional small polaron gas in a delta-doped Mott insulator
Creators: name: Ouellette, Daniel G.
name: Moetakef, Pouya
name: Cain, Tyler A.
name: Zhang, Jack Y.
name: Stemmer, Susanne
name: Emin, David
name: Allen, S. James
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Heterointerfaces in complex oxide systems open new arenas in which to test models of strongly correlated material, explore the role of dimensionality in metal-insulator-transitions (MITs) and small polaron formation. Close to the quantum critical point Mott MITs depend on band filling controlled by random disordered substitutional doping. Delta-doped Mott insulators are potentially free of random disorder and introduce a new arena in which to explore the effect of electron correlations and dimensionality. Epitaxial films of the prototypical Mott insulator GdTiO3 are delta-doped by substituting a single (GdO)+1 plane with a monolayer of charge neutral SrO to produce a two-dimensional system with high planar doping density. Unlike metallic SrTiO3 quantum wells in GdTiO3 the single SrO delta-doped layer exhibits thermally activated DC and optical conductivity that agree in a quantitative manner with predictions of small polaron transport but with an extremely high two-dimensional density of polarons, ~ 7E14 cm-2
Transfer arbitrary photon state along a cavity array without initialization
Creators: name: Liu, Yang
name: Zhou, D. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a quantum state transfer (QST) scheme that transfers any single-mode photon state along a one-dimensional coupled-cavity array (CCA). By building a map from QST in a CCA to that in a spin-$\frac{1}{2}$ chain, we show that all the previous results of QST schemes for the spin chain system find paralleled applications in that in the CCA system. Further more, high fidelity QST along a long CCA can be achieved for arbitrary initial states. Using numerical simulations we provide a visual presentation of the result: at some time $τ$ the CCA system get high fidelity QST under different initial conditions. Finally we discuss possible experimental realizations of our QST scheme.
Concept for a Time-of-Flight Small Angle Neutron Scattering Instrument at the European Spallation Source
Creators: name: Jaksch, S.
name: Martin-Rodriguez, D.
name: Ostermann, A.
name: Jestin, J.
name: Pinto, S. Duarte
name: Bouwman, W. G.
name: Uher, J.
name: Engels, R.
name: Kemmerling, G.
name: Hanslik, R.
name: Frielinghaus, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A new Small Angle Neutron Scattering instrument is proposed for the European Spallation Source. The pulsed source requires a time-of-flight analysis of the gathered neutrons at the detector. The optimal instrument length is found to be rather large, which allows for a polarizer and a versatile collimation. The polarizer allows for studying magnetic samples and incoherent background subtraction. The wide collimation will host VSANS and SESANS options that increase the resolution of the instrument towards um and tens of um, respectively. Two 1m2 area detectors will cover a large solid angle simultaneously. The expected gains for this new instrument will lie in the range between 20 and 36, depending on the assessment criteria, when compared to up-to-date reactor based instruments. This will open new perspectives for fast kinetics, weakly scattering samples, and multi-dimensional contrast variation studies.
description: 18 pages, 10 figures
The impact of rotation on the line profiles of Wolf-Rayet stars
Creators: name: Shenar, Tomer
name: Hamann, Wolf-Rainer
name: Todt, Helge
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Massive Wolf-Rayet stars are recognized today to be in a very common, but short, evolutionary phase of massive stars. While our understanding of Wolf-Rayet stars has increased dramatically over the past decades, it remains unclear whether rapid rotators are among them. There are various indications that rapidly rotating Wolf-Rayet stars should exist. Unfortunately, due to their expanding atmospheres, rotational velocities of Wolf-Rayet stars are very difficult to measure. However, recently observed spectra of several Wolf-Rayet stars reveal peculiarly broad and round emission lines. Could these spectra imply rapid rotation? In this work, we model the effects of rotation on the atmospheres of Wolf-Rayet stars. We further investigate whether the peculiar spectra of five Wolf-Rayet stars may be explained with the help of stellar rotation, infer appropriate rotation parameters, and discuss the implications of our results. We make use of the Potsdam Wolf-Rayet (PoWR) non-LTE model atmosphere code. Since the observed spectra of Wolf-Rayet stars are mainly formed in their expanding atmospheres, rotation must be accounted for with a 3D integration scheme of the formal integral. For this purpose, we assume a rotational velocity field consisting of an inner co-rotating domain and an outer domain, where the angular momentum is conserved. We find that rotation can reproduce the unique spectra analyzed here. However, the inferred rotational velocities at the stellar surface are large (~200 km/s), and the inferred co-rotation radii (~10 stellar radii) suggest the existence of very strong photospheric magnetic fields (~20 kG).
Study of Structural Properties in Complex Fluids by Addition of Surfactants Using DPD Simulation
Creators: name: Mayoral, Estela
name: Nahmad-Achar, Eduardo
name: Martínez-Magadán, José Manuel
name: Ortega, Alejandro
name: Soto, Ismael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work we study the tertiary structure of ionic surfactants when the pH in the system is modified using electrostatic dissipative particle dynamics simulations (DPD). The dependence with pH and kind of surfactant is presented. Our simulations reproduce the experimental behavior reported in the literature. The scaling for the radius of gyration with the size of the molecule as a function of pH is also obtained.
description: 6 pages, 2 figures, and 2 tables. in J. Klapp et al. (eds.), Fluid Dynamics in Physics, Engineering and Environmental Applications Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2013 ISBN: 978-3-642-27722-1, ISSN: 1431-2492
Thermal Conductivity of Simple Liquids:Origin of Temperature and Packing Fraction Dependences
Creators: name: Ishii, Yoshiki
name: Sato, Keisuke
name: Salanne, Mathieu
name: Madden, Paul A.
name: Ohtori, Norikazu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The origin of both weak temperature dependence and packing fraction dependence of $T^{1/4}η^{3/2}$ in the thermal conductivity of the simple Lennard-Jones (LJ) liquid is explored. In order to discuss the relative contributions from attractive or repulsive part of the interaction potential separately, the thermal conductivity of a series of Weeks-Chandler-Anderson (WCA) fluids is calculated by molecular dynamics simulations. The results show that the repulsive part plays the main role in the heat conduction, while the attractive part has no direct effect on the thermal conductivity for a given packing fraction. By investigating WCA fluids with potentials of varying softness, we explain the difference observed between the LJ liquids such as argon and Coulombic liquids such as NaCl.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures
Ultrasmall Au10-12(SG)10-12 Nanomolecules for High Tumor Specificity and Cancer Radiotherapy
Creators: name: Zhang, Xiao-Dong
name: Luo, Zhentao
name: Chen, Jie
name: Shen, Xiu
name: Song, Shasha
name: Sun, Yuanming
name: Fan, Saijun
name: Fan, Feiyue
name: Leong, David Tai
name: Xie, Jianping
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: Tissues and Organs (q-bio.TO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Radiosensitizers can increase the local treatment efficacy under a relatively low and safe radiation dose, thereby facilitating tumor eradication and minimizing side effects. Here, we report a new class of radiosensitizers that contain several gold (Au) atoms embedded inside a peptide shell (e.g., Au10-12(SG)10-12) and can achieve ultrahigh tumor uptake (10.86 SUV at 24 h post injection) and targeting specificity, efficient renal clearance, and high radiotherapy enhancement.
description: 21 pages, 11 figures
The Study of TeV Variability and Duty Cycle of Mrk 421 from 3 Years of Observations with the Milagro Observatory
Creators: name: Abdo, A. A.
name: Abeysekara, A. U.
name: Allen, B. T.
name: Aune, T.
name: Barber, A. S.
name: Berley, D.
name: Braun, J.
name: Chen, C.
name: Christopher, G. E.
name: Delay, R. S.
name: DeYoung, T.
name: Dingus, B. L.
name: Ellsworth, R. W.
name: Fraija, N.
name: González, M. M.
name: Goodman, J. A.
name: Hays, E.
name: Hoffman, C. M.
name: Hüntemeyer, P. H.
name: Imran, A.
name: Kolterman, B. E.
name: Linnemann, J. T.
name: Marinelli, A.
name: McEnery, J. E.
name: Morgan, T.
name: Mincer, A. I.
name: Nemethy, P.
name: Patricelli, B.
name: Pretz, J.
name: Ryan, J. M.
name: Parkinson, P. M. Saz
name: Schneider, M.
name: Shoup, A.
name: Sinnis, G.
name: Smith, A. J.
name: Vasileiou, V.
name: Walker, G. P.
name: Williams, D. A.
name: Yodh, G. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: TeV flaring activity with time scales as short as tens of minutes and an orphan TeV flare have been observed from the blazar Markarian 421 (Mrk 421). The TeV emission from Mrk 421 is believed to be produced by leptonic synchrotron self-Compton (SSC) emission. In this scenario, correlations between the X-ray and the TeV fluxes are expected, TeV orphan flares are hardly explained and the activity (measured as duty cycle) of the source at TeV energies is expected to be equal or less than that observed in X-rays if only SSC is considered. To estimate the TeV duty cycle of Mrk 421 and to establish limits on its variability at different time scales, we continuously observed Mrk 421 with the Milagro observatory. Mrk 421 was detected by Milagro with a statistical significance of 7.1 standard deviations between 2005 September 21 and 2008 March 15. The observed spectrum is consistent with previous observations by VERITAS. We estimate the duty cycle of Mrk 421 for energies above 1 TeV for different hypothesis of the baseline flux and for different flare selections and we compare our results with the X-ray duty cycle estimated by Resconi et al. 2009. The robustness of the results is discussed.
description: 27 pages, 6 figures, ApJ accepted
Collaborative approach of individual participant data of prospective studies of de-escalation in non-immunosuppressed critically ill patients with sepsis
Creators: name: Gutiérrez-Pizarraya, Antonio
name: Leone, Marc
name: Garnacho-Montero, Jose
name: Martin, Claude
name: Martin-Loeches, Ignacio
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Background: There is a concern to conduct de-escalation in very sick patients. Aims: To determine if de-escalation is feasible in ICU settings. Methods: We performed a metaanalysis of published studies conducted comparing de-escalation (defined by withdrawal of at least one antimicrobial empirically prescribed, switch to a new antimicrobial with narrower spectrum and withdrawal of at least one antimicrobial plus change of another drug to a new one with narrower spectrum) in non-immunocompromised patients with sepsis admitted to ICU. Results: Eight hundred and seventeen patients with severe sepsis or septic shock were evaluated. De-escalation was applied in 274 patients (33.5%). We found no differences in hospital long of stay between de-escalation group compared to those who did not receive it. We also found significant lower hospital mortality in de-escalation group as compared with no modification group in front of the others (25.9 vs. 43.1%; p Conclusions: In our study there was an independent association of de-escalation and decrease mortality rate.
A Dynamical Analysis of the Dust Tail of Comet C/1995 O1 (Hale-Bopp) at High Heliocentric Distances
Creators: name: Kramer, Emily A.
name: Fernandez, Yanga R.
name: Lisse, Carey M.
name: Kelley, Michael S.
name: Woodney, Laura M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Comet C/1995 O1 (Hale-Bopp) has provided an unprecedented opportunity to observe a bright comet over a wide range of heliocentric distances. We present here Spitzer Space Telescope observations of Hale-Bopp from 2005 and 2008 that show a distinct coma and tail, the presence of which is uncommon given its large heliocentric distance (21.6 AU and 27.2 AU, respectively). The morphology of the dust is compared to dynamical models to understand the activity of the comet. Our analysis shows that the shape of Hale-Bopp's dust tail in these images cannot be explained using the usual Finson-Probstein (solar gravity + solar radiation pressure) dynamical model. Several alternative explanations are explored. The analysis suggests that the most likely cause of the discrepancy is that the dust is being charged by the solar wind, then being affected by the interplanetary magnetic field via the Lorentz force. Though this effect has been explored previously, if correct, this seems to be the first time that the Lorentz force has been required to model a cometary dust tail. The analysis also suggests that Hale-Bopp was actively emitting particles when these images were taken, and the tail characteristics changed between observations.
description: 23 pages, 10 figures. Accepted to Icarus on 17 March 2014
Hierarchical reinforcement learning for spoken dialogue systems
Creators: name: Cuayahuitl, Heriberto
Publisher: name: University of Lincoln
Year: 2023
Subjects: I400 - Artificial intelligence
I410 - Speech & natural language processing
I460 - Machine learning

description: This thesis focuses on the problem of scalable optimization of dialogue behaviour in speech-based conversational systems using reinforcement learning. Most previous investigations in dialogue strategy learning have proposed flat reinforcement learning methods, which are more suitable for small-scale spoken dialogue systems. This research formulates the problem in terms of Semi-Markov Decision Processes (SMDPs), and proposes two hierarchical reinforcement learning methods to optimize sub-dialogues rather than full dialogues. The first method uses a hierarchy of SMDPs, where every SMDP ignores irrelevant state variables and actions in order to optimize a sub-dialogue. The second method extends the first one by constraining every SMDP in the hierarchy with prior expert knowledge. The latter method proposes a learning algorithm called 'HAM+HSMQ-Learning', which combines two existing algorithms in the literature of hierarchical reinforcement learning. Whilst the first method generates fully-learnt behaviour, the second one generates semi-learnt behaviour. In addition, this research proposes a heuristic dialogue simulation environment for automatic dialogue strategy learning. Experiments were performed on simulated and real environments based on a travel planning spoken dialogue system. Experimental results provided evidence to support the following claims: First, both methods scale well at the cost of near-optimal solutions, resulting in slightly longer dialogues than the optimal solutions. Second, dialogue strategies learnt with coherent user behaviour and conservative recognition error rates can outperform a reasonable hand-coded strategy. Third, semi-learnt dialogue behaviours are a better alternative (because of their higher overall performance) than hand-coded or fully-learnt dialogue behaviours. Last, hierarchical reinforcement learning dialogue agents are feasible and promising for the (semi) automatic design of adaptive behaviours in larger-scale spoken dialogue systems. This research makes the following contributions to spoken dialogue systems which learn their dialogue behaviour. First, the Semi-Markov Decision Process (SMDP) model was proposed to learn spoken dialogue strategies in a scalable way. Second, the concept of 'partially specified dialogue strategies' was proposed for integrating simultaneously hand-coded and learnt spoken dialogue behaviours into a single learning framework. Third, an evaluation with real users of hierarchical reinforcement learning dialogue agents was essential to validate their effectiveness in a realistic environment.
A Delay-Constrained Protocol with Adaptive Mode Selection for Bidirectional Relay Networks
Creators: name: Jamali, Vahid
name: Zlatanov, Nikola
name: Schober, Robert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper, we consider a bidirectional relay network with half-duplex nodes and block fading where the nodes transmit with a fixed transmission rate. Thereby, user 1 and user 2 exchange information only via a relay node, i.e., a direct link between both users is not present. Recently in [1], it was shown that a considerable gain in terms of sum throughput can be obtained in bidirectional relaying by optimally selecting the transmission modes or, equivalently, the states of the nodes, i.e., the transmit, the receive, and the silent states, in each time slot based on the qualities of the involved links. To enable adaptive transmission mode selection, the relay has to be equipped with two buffers for storage of the data received from the two users. However, the protocol proposed in [1] was delay-unconstrained and provides an upper bound for the performance of practical delay-constrained protocols. In this paper, we propose a heuristic but efficient delay-constrained protocol which can approach the performance upper bound reported in [1], even in cases where only a small average delay is permitted. In particular, the proposed protocol does not only take into account the instantaneous qualities of the involved links for adaptive mode selection but also the states of the queues at the buffers. The average throughput and the average delay of the proposed delay-constrained protocol are evaluated by analyzing the Markov chain of the states of the queues.
description: This technical report is an extended version of a paper submitted to IEEE Globecom 2014
The institutional decisions to support remote learning and teaching during the COVID-19 pandemic
Creators: name: García-Peñalvo, F. J.
name: Rivero-Ortega, R.
name: Rodríguez-Conde, M. J.
name: Rodríguez-García, N.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: COVID-19, technological ecosystem, good practices

description: COVID-19 disease caused an out-breaking with implications in citizens’ private and public life. Face-to-face higher education had to adapt their lectures abruptly to a remote emergency mode. In this situation, both methodological and technological decisions had a principal role in closing the 2019-2020 academic course successfully. In this paper, the strategic decisions of the University of Salamanca (Spain) at the institutional level are summarized, taking into account not only the principal goal of ending a contingency situation but focusing on how to face the 2020-2021 academic course, in which one all the universities know that they will have to operate with the disease, but the uncertainty will be still present. The presentation in video is available at https://drive.google.com/file/d/1SSBslrhz-Nl7c4Gsxnlyi_V90QKOhTPf/view?usp=sharing
description: This work has been carried out with European Union ERDF funds' support to "Promoting technological development, innovation, and quality research". The authors want to thank the Informatics Service of the University of Salamanca and technicians from the Studium Virtual Campus Service the effort and support during the confinement and nowadays to support, maintain and evolve the institutional teaching and learning ecosystem.
An explicit formula for Bernoulli polynomials in terms of $r$-Stirling numbers of the second kind
Creators: name: Guo, Bai-Ni
name: Mező, István
name: Qi, Feng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary 11B73, Secondary 05A18

description: In the paper, the authors establish an explicit formula for computing Bernoulli polynomials at non-negative integer points in terms of $r$-Stirling numbers of the second kind.
description: 4 pages
Building Biodiversity Datasets for Invasive Species
Creators: name: Hansen, Sara
name: Monfils, Anna
name: Linton, Debra
Publisher: name: QUBES Educational Resources
Year: 2023

description: A module guiding students through the process of mapping biodiversity data and building a biodiversity dataset to study the spread and impacts of the invasive aquatic plant species, European frog-bit (Hydrocharis morsus-ranae L.).
Timing, polarimetry and physics of the bright, nearby millisecond pulsar PSR J0437-4715 - a single-pulse perspective
Creators: name: Osłowski, S.
name: van Straten, W.
name: Bailes, M.
name: Jameson, A.
name: Hobbs, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Single pulses from radio pulsars contain a wealth of information about emission and propagation in the magnetosphere and insight into their timing properties. It was recently demonstrated that single-pulse emission is responsible for limiting the timing stability of the brightest of millisecond pulsars. We report on an analysis of more than a million single-pulses from PSR J0437-4715 and present various statistical properties such as the signal-to-noise ratio (S/N) distribution, timing and polarimetry of average profiles integrated from subpulses with chosen S/N cut-offs, modulation properties of the emission, phase-resolved statistics of the S/N, and two dimensional spherical histograms of the polarization vector orientation. The last of these indicates the presence of orthogonally polarised modes (OPMs). Combined with the dependence of the polarisation fraction on the S/N and polarimetry of the brightest pulses, the existence of OPMs constrains pulsar emission mechanisms and models for the plasma physics in the magnetosphere.
description: MNRAS, in press. 14 pages, 14 figures. Please note that figures 12, 13 and 14 are low resolution versions due to arxiv's size restrictions. To obtain a full resolution version please see the journal version or contact the first author
Excitation and control of chirped nonlinear ion acoustic waves
Creators: name: Friedland, L.
name: Shagalov, A. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Large amplitude ion acoustic waves are excited and controlled by a chirped frequency driving perturbation. The process involves capturing into autoresonance (a continuous nonlinear synchronization) with the drive by passage through the linear resonance in the problem. The transition to autoresonance has a sharp threshold on the driving amplitude. The theory of this transition is developed beyond the Korteweg-de-Vries limit by using the Whitham's averaged variational principle within the water bag model and compared with Vlasov-Poisson simulations.
title: Phytophthora sur Aesculus hippocastanum L. (Marronnier d’Inde)
Creators: name: Werres, Sabine
name: Akilli, Seçil
name: Maden, Salih
Publisher: name: Julius Kühn-Institut, Federal Research Centre for Cultivated Plants
Year: 2013

description: JKI Data Sheets Plant Pests and Diagnosis; 2013/05
description: En Europe, Aesculus hippocastanum L. (le marronnier d’Inde) est une essence ligneuse importante le long des routes, dans les parcs, les allées et les jardins. Cet arbre se retrouve principalement en zones tempérées (carte de distribution d’A. hippocastanum à l’adresse http://www.discoverlife.org). Le marronnier n’est pas originaire d’Europe centrale. Il provient de zones forestières montagneuses de Grèce, d’Albanie et de Bulgarie à partir d’où il a été introduit vers des zones plus à l’Ouest via Vienne par l’homme au 16ième siècle. Le marronnier peut vivre jusqu’ à environ 200 ans. Il y a différents cultivars d’Aesculus hippocastanum comme ‘Baumannii’, ‘Globosum’ et ‘Pyramidalis’. Aesculus hippocastanum est aussi un parent de l’hybride à hippocastanum A. x carnea (le marronnier rouge). Un cultivar célèbre de cet hybride est ‘Briotti’.
Pathways to episodes of deliberate self-harm among mentally ill men in a high-secure hospital: An exploratory study with conceptual development
Creators: name: Adamson, Vidyah
Publisher: name: University of Lincoln
Year: 2023
Subjects: C800 - Psychology

description: There is a dearth of research exploring pathways to episodes of deliberate self-harm (DSH) as experienced by mentally ill men within high-secure hospital settings. The principal aim of this study was to explore the causal pathway(s) to episodes of self-harm experienced by mentally ill men within a high secure hospital. With a secondary aim of developing a conceptual understanding of the development and function of this phenomenon within this often ignored population. Seven men with a history of repetitive DSH participated in audiotaped semi-structured interviews in which they recalled antecedents and functions of typical episodes. Transcribed interviews were analysed and coded using grounded theory methods. Two pathways to episodes of DSH emerged and were subsequently termed, the Relief and the Response to Mental Health Problems Pathways. The Relief Pathway consisted of two inter-related functions; relief and an expression of self-hatred. Within the Response to Mental Health Problems Pathway, episodes of DSH were directly influenced by auditory hallucinations and delusional beliefs. Participation within a dyadic suicide pact emerged as a wholly unexpected theme. Further research is required to substantiate the two-pathway aetiology to episodes of DSH proposed within this study.
Domain Walls, Triples and Acceleration
Creators: name: Maxfield, Travis
name: Sethi, Savdeep
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a construction of domain walls in string theory. The domain walls can bridge both Minkowski and AdS string vacua. A key ingredient in the construction are novel classical Yang-Mills configurations, including instantons, which interpolate between toroidal Yang-Mills vacua. Our construction provides a concrete framework for the study of inflating metrics in string theory. In some cases, the accelerating space-time comes with a holographic description. The general form of the holographic dual is a field theory with parameters that vary over space-time.
description: 63 pages, 1 figure; LaTeX
Consecuencias geométricas y dinámicas de la múltiple adsorción de Litio y otros alcalinos en poliacenos, poli-parafenilenos y hojuelas de grafeno
Creators: name: Acero, Yenni Priscila Ortiz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the spontaneous symmetry breaking due to adsorption of Lithium atoms on polyacenes and aromatic molecules consistent on carbon rings with edges closed by bond of hydrogen atoms. Hartree Fock and DFT calculations were made for polyacenes, poly-para-phenyls and carbon sheets of sizes that show properties of graphene. As a result, the spontaneous symmetry breaking on polyacenes due to the adsorption of multiple pairs of Lithium atoms on opposite sides find expla- nation on the Peierls distortion. We also found that there are no sponta- neous symmetry breaking due to adsorption of other alkalines in polyacenes and the only case showing a distortion of polyacene is when a pair of Sodium atoms is adsorbed on it. Although there were previous studies about adsorption of metals on lar- ge sheet of carbon, we initially wanted to simplify the problem so that allowed us to obtain a better understanding of the reasons for symmetry breaking and then extend it to complex structures, for which, we found that the Peierls distortion is observable in small flakes, with appropriate symmetry, but can not be generalized to larger flakes and neither graphene strips as the minimum energy states of these cases do not correspond to this distortion. As an application on the methods we have used in the present work, a me- chanism for the decomposition reactions of chloromethane, dichloromethane and formyl chloride on graphene surface is proposed. For this, we calculate the reactions on the graphene surface with a Lithium atom absorbed on the center of it at the opposite side and we found intermediate production of radicals is reduced.
description: 100 pages, 98 figures. PhD thesis, in Spanish
Pseudo 2D chemical model of hot Jupiter atmospheres: application to HD 209458b and HD 189733b
Creators: name: Agundez, Marcelino
name: Parmentier, Vivien
name: Venot, Olivia
name: Hersant, Franck
name: Selsis, Franck
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have developed a pseudo two-dimensional model of a planetary atmosphere, which takes into account thermochemical kinetics, photochemistry, vertical mixing, and horizontal transport, the latter being modeled as a uniform zonal wind. We have applied the model to the atmospheres of the hot Jupiters HD 209458b and HD 189733b. The adopted eddy diffusion coefficients are calculated by following the behaviour of passive tracers in three-dimensional general circulation models, which results in eddy values significantly below previous estimates. We find that the distribution of molecules with altitude and longitude in the atmospheres of these two hot Jupiters is complex because of the interplay of the various physical and chemical processes at work. Much of the distribution of molecules is driven by the strong zonal wind and the limited extent of vertical transport, resulting in an important homogenisation of the chemical composition with longitude. In general, molecular abundances are quenched horizontally to values typical of the hottest dayside regions, and thus the composition in the cooler nightside regions is highly contaminated by that of warmer dayside regions. As a consequence, the abundance of methane remains low, even below the predictions of previous one-dimensional models, which is likely to be in conflict with the high CH4 content inferred from observations of the dayside of HD 209458b. Another consequence of the important longitudinal homogenisation of the abundances is that the variability of the chemical composition has little effect on the way the emission spectrum is modified with phase and on the changes in the transmission spectrum from the transit ingress to the egress, these variations in the spectra being mainly due to changes in the temperature rather than in the composition between the different sides of the planet.
description: Accepted for publication in A&A. Preprint available at http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201322895
Unity and Disunity in Mathematics
Creators: name: Booss-Bavnbek, Bernhelm
name: Davis, Philip J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: History and Overview (math.HO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 01A67

description: The unity of mathematics has its power to compactify experiences in a form capable of being transferred and modified or adapted to new mathematical situations. Yet, we believe that the phrase "Unity of Mathematics" expresses a dream, an ideal that doesn't exist. We shall point to diachronic and cross cultural disunities, to semantic, semiotic and philosophic ambiguities and to the non-acceptance of certain mathematical texts by some practitioners of the subject.
description: 4 pages. This is a condensed, sharpened and polemic outcome of our previous discussions on that topic, disseminated in arXiv:1204.5143
Collaborative governance: The case of mass transportation in London and Lagos
Creators: name: Olaoye, Olanrewaju
name: Olaoye, Olanrewaju
Publisher: name: University of Lincoln
Year: 2023
Subjects: L434 - Transport policy

description: State actors have adopted policies which they claim will enable the provision of public services including mass transportation. In most global cities, dedicated strategic transport authorities are employed for the purpose of planning and implementing strategies to sustain mass transportation. While such bodies play key roles, not only planning mass transport policies, but also coordinating the system, not much is known about the dynamics of the relations among the actors who constitute the governance system responsible for sustaining mass transportation. This thesis therefore explores the systems of governance of mass transportation in London and Lagos with the aim of evaluating the role of collaborative modes of governance in affecting and sustaining better transportation for the mass public. While it is claimed by the political leadership of both London and Lagos that ‘partnership’ is employed in delivering mass transportation, the cases investigated show that what really exists ranges from a few relatively genuine partnerships to relationships that are driven more by contracts and mandatory arrangements. The research is an analysis of two cases, employing a qualitative approach for data gathering through the use of semi-structured interviews. The primary evidence gathered from both cases is validated by the secondary data. The thesis contributes to the literature on collaborative governance by emphasising the importance of political and strategic leadership, the relevance of the nature of funding regime, accountability and the socio-cultural context for sustaining service delivery. A key finding from the study is that most of the partnerships in both cases are influenced by political leaders (the Mayor of London and the Governor of Lagos state). Furthermore, actors in both governance systems do not agree on the organisation that should take the lead in the system, although there is a fair measure of agreement that the Mayor is best placed to take the lead in London. Also, perhaps unsurprisingly, in both systems there exist conflicts and partnerships. The discussion of the findings, together with an analysis of the recurring themes in this study, offer significant insights into the factors that shape and influence the systems of governance of mass transportation in both cases, and the degree to which collaborative governance exists.
A Monitoring Campaign for Luhman 16AB. I. Detection of Resolved Near-Infrared Spectroscopic Variability
Creators: name: Burgasser, Adam J.
name: Gillon, Michael
name: Faherty, Jacqueline K.
name: Radigan, Jacqueline
name: J., Amaury H. M.
name: Plavchan, Peter
name: Street, Rachel
name: Jehin, E.
name: Delrez, L.
name: Opitom, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: [abbreviated] We report resolved near-infrared spectroscopic monitoring of the nearby L dwarf/T dwarf binary WISE J104915.57-531906.1AB (Luhman 16AB), as part of a broader campaign to characterize the spectral energy distribution and temporal variability of this system. A continuous 45-minute sequence of low-resolution IRTF/SpeX data spanning 0.8-2.4 micron were obtained, concurrent with combined-light optical photometry with ESO/TRAPPIST. Our spectral observations confirm the flux reversal of this binary, and we detect a wavelength-dependent decline in the relative spectral fluxes of the two components coincident with a decline in the combined-light optical brightness of the system over the course of the observation. These data are successfully modeled as a combination of brightness and color variability in the T0.5 Luhman 16B, consistent cloud variations; and no significant variability in L7.5 Luhman 16A. We estimate a peak-to-peak amplitude of 13.5% at 1.25 micron over the full lightcurve. Using a two-spot brightness temperature model, we infer an average cloud covering fraction of ~30-55% for Luhman 16B, varying by 15-30% over a rotation period. A Rhines scale interpretation for the size of the variable features explains an apparent correlation between period and amplitude for three highly variable T dwarfs, and predicts relatively fast winds (1-3 km/s) for Luhman 16B consistent with lightcurve evolution on an advective time scale (1-3 rotation periods). Our observations support the model of a patchy disruption of the mineral cloud layer as a universal feature of the L dwarf/T dwarf transition.
description: 11 pages, 7 figures; accepted for publication in Astrophysical Journal
Classification of Hamilton-Jacobi separation in orthogonal coordinates with diagonal curvature
Creators: name: Rajaratnam, Krishan
name: McLenaghan, Raymond G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We find all orthogonal metrics where the geodesic Hamilton-Jacobi equation separates and the Riemann curvature tensor satisfies a certain equation (called the diagonal curvature condition). All orthogonal metrics of constant curvature satisfy the diagonal curvature condition. The metrics we find either correspond to a Benenti system or are warped product metrics where the induced metric on the base manifold corresponds to a Benenti system. Furthermore we show that most metrics we find are characterized by concircular tensors; these metrics, called Kalnins-Eisenhart-Miller (KEM) metrics, have an intrinsic characterization which can be used to obtain them. In conjunction with other results, we show that the metrics we found constitute all separable metrics for Riemannian spaces of constant curvature and de Sitter space.
Metadata file for "A genomic data set of single‐nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) generated by ddRAD tag sequencing in Q. petraea (Matt.) Liebl. populations from Central-Eastern Europe and Balkan Peninsula"
Creators: name: Tóth, Endre Gy.
name: Köbölkuti, Zoltán A.
name: Cseke, Klára
name: Kámpel, József D.
name: Takács, Roland
name: Tomov, Vladimir T.
name: Ábrán, Péter
name: Stojnic, Srdjan
name: Vastag, Erna
name: Mataruga, Milan
name: Daničić, Vanja
name: Tahirukaj, Egzon
name: Zhelev, Petar
name: Orlovic, Sasa
name: Benke, Attila
name: Borovics, Attila
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Single nucleotide polymorphism, double digest, RAD-seq, sessile oak, genetic variation

description: Metadata Excel sheets of the data published under the title of "A genomic data set of single‐nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) generated by ddRAD tag sequencing in Q. petraea (Matt.) Liebl. populations from Central-Eastern Europe and Balkan Peninsula"
On naked singularities in the extreme double Reissner-Nordström solution
Creators: name: Cabrera-Munguia, I.
name: Macías, Alfredo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a quite simple analytical study on the appearance or absence of naked singularities in binary systems. As an example we consider the double Reissner-Nordström solution and fix the conditions it should satisfy in order to avoid or develop singular surfaces off the axis. The proof shows that singular surfaces appear as a consequence of the presence of negative masses in the solution.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures, contribution to the Proceedings of 5th Mexican Meeting on Mathematical and Experimental Physics: Mexico City, Mexico, September 9-13, 2013
A Repair Framework for Scalar MDS Codes
Creators: name: Shanmugam, Karthikeyan
name: Papailiopoulos, Dimitris S.
name: Dimakis, Alexandros G.
name: Caire, Giuseppe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Several works have developed vector-linear maximum-distance separable (MDS) storage codes that min- imize the total communication cost required to repair a single coded symbol after an erasure, referred to as repair bandwidth (BW). Vector codes allow communicating fewer sub-symbols per node, instead of the entire content. This allows non trivial savings in repair BW. In sharp contrast, classic codes, like Reed- Solomon (RS), used in current storage systems, are deemed to suffer from naive repair, i.e. downloading the entire stored message to repair one failed node. This mainly happens because they are scalar-linear. In this work, we present a simple framework that treats scalar codes as vector-linear. In some cases, this allows significant savings in repair BW. We show that vectorized scalar codes exhibit properties that simplify the design of repair schemes. Our framework can be seen as a finite field analogue of real interference alignment. Using our simplified framework, we design a scheme that we call clique-repair which provably identifies the best linear repair strategy for any scalar 2-parity MDS code, under some conditions on the sub-field chosen for vectorization. We specify optimal repair schemes for specific (5,3)- and (6,4)-Reed- Solomon (RS) codes. Further, we present a repair strategy for the RS code currently deployed in the Facebook Analytics Hadoop cluster that leads to 20% of repair BW savings over naive repair which is the repair scheme currently used for this code.
description: 10 Pages; accepted to IEEE JSAC -Distributed Storage 2013
Turing: Then, Now and Still Key
Creators: name: Greer, Kieran
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper looks at Turing's postulations about Artificial Intelligence in his paper 'Computing Machinery and Intelligence', published in 1950. It notes how accurate they were and how relevant they still are today. This paper notes the arguments and mechanisms that he suggested and tries to expand on them further. The paper however is mostly about describing the essential ingredients for building an intelligent model and the problems related with that. The discussion includes recent work by the author himself, who adds his own thoughts on the matter that come from a purely technical investigation into the problem. These are personal and quite speculative, but provide an interesting insight into the mechanisms that might be used for building an intelligent system.
description: Published
title: Phytophthora na navadnem divjem kostanju (Aesculus hippocastanum L.)
Creators: name: Werres, Sabine
name: Akilli, Seçil
name: Maden, Salih
Publisher: name: Julius Kühn-Institut, Federal Research Centre for Cultivated Plants
Year: 2013

description: JKI Data Sheets Plant Pests and Diagnosis; 2013/06
description: V Evropi je navadni divji kostanj (Aesculus hippocastanum L.) pomembna drevesna vrsta za zasaditve vzdolž cest, v parkih, drevoredih in na vrtovih. Uspeva pretežno v zmernem klimatskem pasu (zemljevid razširjenosti za  A. hippocastanum glej na http://www.discoverlife.org). Ta drevesna vrsta v Srednji Evropi ni domorodna. Izvira iz montanskih gozdov v Grčiji, Albaniji in Bolgariji, od koder so jo v 16. stoletju preko Dunaja prenesli v druge predele Evrope. Doseže starost tudi do 200 let. Poznamo različne sorte navadnega divjega kostanja, kot so ‚Baumannii‘, ‚Globosum‘ in ‚Pyramidalis‘. Aesculus hippocastanum je tudi eden od staršev rdečecvetnega križanca  A. x carnea (rdečecvetni divjikostanj). Zelo znana sorta tega hibrida je ‘Briottii’.