Trichomyia Haliday in Curtis 1839
Creators: name: Araújo, Maíra Xavier
name: Bravo, Freddy
name: Carvalho, Claudio José Barros De
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Psychodidae
Trichomyia

description: TRICHOMYIA (OPISTHOTRICHOMYIA) BRAVO, 2001
Opisthotrichomyia Bravo, 2001: 50.
Type species: Trichomyia brevitarsa (Rapp, 1945), by original designation.
Species included: Trichomyia brevitarsa (Rapp, 1945); Trichomyia buchholzi Wagner & Masteller, 1996; Trichomyia festiva Bravo, 2001; Trichomyia fluminensis Bravo, 2001; Trichomyia nocturna Bravo, 2001; Trichomyia pantanensis Araújo, Bravo & de Carvalho, 2017; Trichomyia riodocensis Alexander, Freitas & Quate, 2001; Trichomyia saurotis Quate, 1996; and Trichomyia vargasi (Barretto, 1954).
Comments: Two synapomorphies were recovered for this subgenus: scutellum with a band of alveoli located at the proximal margin and alveoli randomly distributed over the entire surface (36-2); and absence of ejaculatory apodeme (84-1). Species of the subgenus Opisthotrichomyia have four segments on the palpus, the first two of which are partly fused. The gonostylus and gonocoxite of the male genitalia are ventral to the aedeagus, and the gonocoxite has a lobe with thin, long bristles internally. Only the last already defined characteristic was recovered as unique to the species included in this group, and the characteristic of a rectangular and sinuous gonostylus was added. This was the first subgenus proposed for species that have four segments to the palpus, with the first two being partly fused, and species that are endemic to the Neotropical region, including those from Brazil and Panama (Bravo, 2001).
This group was created initially to allocate five species (Bravo, 2001). Bejarano et al. (2010) added Trichomyia andina Bejarano, Pérez-Dória & Sierra, 2010 to the subgenus, but it lacks the setose lobe in the internal region of the gonocoxite, as described and observed in an identified species from Brazil (Araújo & Bravo, 2016). Therefore, until the type is analysed, we deemed it prudent to not include it in Opisthotrichomyia. Araújo & Bravo (2016) included T. riodocensis in this subgenus based on characteristics evident in the description.
The group initially proposed without the use of phylogenetic methods was recovered in the present phylogeny. However, the branch on which these species are located has greater support and includes another two species, namely T. buchholzi and T. saurotis, supported by nine synapomorphies. In this context, we opted to expand the diagnosis of Opisthotrichomyia and include these two species based on synapomorphies that involve more evident changes in the genus, such as the absence of the ejaculatory apodeme and unique distribution pattern of alveoli on the surface of the scutellum. In addition, the distribution of T. festiva has expanded.
description: Published as part of Araújo, Maíra Xavier, Bravo, Freddy & Carvalho, Claudio José Barros De, 2023, First phylogeny of Trichomyia (Diptera: Psychodidae: Trichomyiinae) based on morphological data of adults, pp. 871-900 in Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 198 (3) on pages 893-894, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad004, http://zenodo.org/record/8147516