cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Origami, kirigami, and the modeling of leaves: an interactive computer application
Creators: name: Jazebi, Sahar
Publisher: name: University of Calgary
Year: 2012

description: Bibliography: p. 112-121
description: Many pages are in colour.
description: This thesis describes an interactive computer program, called "KiriSim", which al­lows manipulation of a virtual paper for modeling purposes. KiriSim is primarily designed and developed for modeling leaf shapes by folding and cutting a simulated sheet of paper. In many plants, leaves grow folded inside the bud, where the final shape of the leaf is affected by the way it is folded within the bud. Inspired by this observation, the final shape of the leaf can be modeled by folding a sheet of paper properly, and cutting it along a curve delimiting the leaf's margin [14]. Conse­quently, KiriSim is used to explore the strong points and shortcomings of modeling leaf shapes with kirigami ( the art of making models with folding and cutting paper). Aside from its application for modeling leaf shapes, KiriSim can be used to simulate and visualize some origami and kirigami models by manipulating a virtual paper, such as origami frogs and butterflies. In addition to developing KiriSim to manipulate a virtual paper for modeling, an object-space technique rooted in computational geometry for rendering copla­nar overlapping polygons in computer graphics applications is proposed and imple­mented. This method is employed for visualizing paper models, consisting of coplanar overlapping faces, since existing rendering methods that rely on depth buffer values fail to render these coplanar primitives properly.
title: Idiopathic Granulomatous Mastitis. Radiopathological Pictorial Review.
Creators: name: Lorente Ramos, Rosa María
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Performed at one institution
subject: Not applicable
subject: Pathology
subject: Inflammation
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Mammography
subject: Breast

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: -To review idiopathic granulomatous mastitis of the breast, highlighting clinical presentation , pathological and imaging findings as well as differences from inflammatory breast cancer. -To illustrate common and uncommon imaging findings of cases...
Modeling the impact of equatorial ionospheric irregularities on gps receiver performance
Creators: name: Ghafoori, Fatemeh
Publisher: name: University of Calgary
Year: 2012

description: Bibliography: p. 222-231
description: The performance of a generic GPS receiver caITier tracking loop, subject to ionospheric scintillations, is studied in this thesis via theoretical analyses and simulation results. A physics-based simulation of equatorial scintillations has been employed to provide a full variety of test cases for the simulated carrier tracking loop to assess GPS receiver performance. This simulation tool is novel in allowing oblique signal propagation in an anisotropic medium for multiple frequencies. The scintillation simulation algorithm has been verified through comparison with real scintillation data collected in the equatorial region during the solar maximum of 2001. The utilization of the scintillation simulation tool is demonstrated through applying it to a GNSS signal, and evaluating the subsequent effects on a generic GPS tracking loop model. Theoretical predictions - from the derived equations - are verified through comparison with simulation results According to the studies conducted in this thesis, the effect of phase scintillations on caITier tracking loop error variance is found to be considerably high, even for moderate scintillation levels. In the presence of strong intensity scintillation, the tracking loop's effective caITier-to-noise ratio can be much lower; as a result, the probability of loss of lock can increase and the mean time between cycle slips can decrease significantly. In regard to scintillation effects, the performance of the second-, and third-order caITier tracking loop are very similar. The first-order loop, however, is more fragile as it can lose phase lock at much lower level of scintillation strength. In the presence of scintillation, the choice of the pre-detection integration time does not significantly affect the caITier tracking error variance, provided that the signal's carrier-to-noise ratio level is not very low. The caITier tracking loop requires a relatively wide bandwidth to precisely track changes in the caITier phase due to ionospheric phase scintillation, while requires a naITow bandwidth in order to suppress the effect of signal fading and intensity scintillation. To meet this tradeoff, an optimum bandwidth for minimum tracking error can be determined for the ca1Tier tracking loop in terms of scintillation and tracking loop parameters.
An artificial escherichia coli bacterium brought to life: a journey inside the cell
Creators: name: Esmaeili, Afshin
Publisher: name: University of Calgary
Year: 2012

description: Bibliography: p. 79-86
description: Some pages are in colour.
description: Includes copy of copyright permission. Original copy with original Partial Copyright Licence.
description: The original thesis was replaced in October 2016 with a new version which incorporated changes required by the Faculty of Graduate Studies to comply with copyright legislation.
description: An a1;emdahfo .lfram.
title: Spectrum of High Resolution Ultrasound (HRUS) findings of Leprosy in Peripheral Nerves
Creators: name: Ramakrishna, Narayanan
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Musculoskeletal
subject: Musculoskeletal system
subject: Neuroradiology peripheral nerve
subject: Soft tissues / Skin
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Education
subject: Abscess
subject: Infection
subject: Inflammation
subject: Not applicable
subject: Performed at one institution

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: To enumerate the spectrum of sonographic findings in cases of Leprosy neuropathy. To demonstrate the value of high resolution ultrasound in assessing the extent of peripheral nerve damage in Leprosy...
Trade Agreements and Health in Developing Countries
Creators: name: Stiglitz, Joseph E.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2009
Subjects: Economics

description: The article discusses how free trade agreements cause adverse health results in people of developing countries. It claims that trade liberalization creates unstable economic conditions, decreased revenues from tariffs and poverty which translates into compromised health care. The author criticizes intellectual property provisions of trade agreements such as the Uruguay Round Agreement of 1994, those limiting access to generic medicines and parts of the bilateral trade agreements.
title: The efforts of the USDA national rabies management program for controlling rabies on private and public land
title: The efforts of the USDA's national rabies management program for controlling rabies on private land
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Shwiff, Stephanie
name: Chipman, Rich
name: Nelson, Kathy
name: VerCauteren, Kurt
name: Slate, Dennis
name: Gilbert, Amy
name: Breck, Stewart
name: International Wildlife Ranching Symposium, Producer
Publisher: name: Mountain Scholar
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Wildlife management -- Congresses
subject: Range management -- Congresses

description: Presented at the 8th international congress for wildlife and livelihoods on private and communal lands: livestock, tourism, and spirit, that was held on September 7-12, 2014 in Estes Park, Colorado.
description: Video presenter: Kurt VerCauteren
description: Management of rabies in wildlife populations is complex and provides unique challenges for wildlife managers: one of the largest is the majority of land in the US where rabies occurs in wildlife is private. Rabies virus infects nervous systems of mammals, is transmitted through the bite of infected animals, and is invariably fatal. Though human disease risk is largely mitigated in the US through preemptive vaccination of pets and human post-exposure prophylaxis, wildlife pose a continuous threat. Raccoons are the primary wildlife host of rabies, followed by skunks, bats, foxes, and coyotes. Timely administration of post-exposure prophylaxis has proven nearly 100% successful in preventing rabies deaths in humans. However, the financial cost of living with wildlife rabies in the US is conservatively estimated to exceed $300 million/year. Associated impacts such as anxiety, fear, and trauma are difficult to quantify, but often manifest with rabies. Since the late-1990s, Wildlife Services (WS) has coordinated wildlife rabies management with oral rabies vaccination (ORV) as the central tactic targeting terrestrial hosts focused primarily on private land. Significant progress has been achieved through long-term interdisciplinary and interagency cooperation from local to continental scales. The need for effective coordination has mandated the establishment of frameworks that bring together multiple jurisdictions and disciplines from municipal, county, state, federal and international agencies; universities; and the private sector to ensure collaborative, science-based approaches to rabies management on a landscape scale. We will update the status of rabies management in the US and how we effectively work on private land.
title: Gallbladder wall thickening: how to approach and differential diagnosis
Creators: name: Picado Bermúdez, ADRIÁN
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Not applicable
subject: Not applicable
subject: Acute
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Ultrasound
subject: MR
subject: CT
subject: Biliary Tract / Gallbladder
subject: Abdomen
subject: GI Tract
subject: Not applicable

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: To review thevarious entitiesthat can cause diffuse thickening of the gallbladder wall and their clinical common findings. To illustrate the radiological findings of thewide range ofconditions that can cause thickening of the gallbladder wall. To...
Visualization for search: exploring complex and dynamic information spaces
Creators: name: Doerk, Marian
Publisher: name: University of Calgary
Year: 2012

description: Bibliography: p. 207-232
description: A few pages are in colour.
description: Includes copy of ethics approvals and copyright permissions. Original copies with original Partial Copyright Licence.
description: Digital information has become immensely abundant and ubiquitous in our lives. During work or leisure, we traverse search results, news items, and status updates for a wide range of purposes. Typically, information is displayed as lists ordered by relevance or recency, which may be sufficient for displaying a few items. However, considering the substantial increases in complexity and scale of many information spaces, lists are of limited use for discerning how resources are related or what a collection contains. In contrast, information visualization can utilize our perception to reveal patterns and provide overviews of large datasets. This dissertation investigates the potential of visualization for navigating grow­ing information spaces, and presents methods for arranging and accessing digital information. Unlike most information seeking models that emphasize informational deficiencies, the approach taken here highlights information practices characterized by curiosity. Picturing the searcher as an information flaneur with an exploratory attitude, we can envision innovative interfaces for accessing information. Three design studies are presented that are aimed to support casual exploration while attending to the challenges and opportunities of informational abundance. Addressing the diversity of relationships in many datasets, EdgeMaps combines spatialization with graph-drawing techniques. Using an integrated representation it is possible to see the semantic or temporal extent of influence, for example, among philosophers or musicians. Visual Backchannel is motivated by highly dynamic communication channels during large events and integrates evolving visualizations for topics, participants, and photos of ongoing conversations. Approaching the dif­ference in scale between large result sets and individual items, Fluid Views narrows the gap between overview and detail in a zoomable search environment, in which results portray similarity via position and relevance via size and level of detail. The research is validated by prototype implementations, a large-scale Web study study, deployment during conferences, and consultations with search experts. The dissertation ends with a critical reflection about the role of values in information visualization. The insights gained from empirical and theoretical methods suggest novel forms of information seeking and raise challenges for research and design.
Quantifying solar superactive regions with vector magnetic field observations
Creators: name: Chen, A. Q.
name: Wang, J. X.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The vector magnetic field characteristics of superactive regions (SARs) hold the key for understanding why SARs are extremely active and provide the guidance in space weather prediction. We aim to quantify the characteristics of SARs using the vector magnetograms taken by the Solar Magnetic Field Telescope at Huairou Solar Observatory Station. The vector magnetic field characteristics of 14 SARs in solar cycles 22 and 23 were analyzed using the following four parameters: 1) the magnetic flux imbalance between opposite polarities, 2) the total photospheric free magnetic energy, 3) the length of the magnetic neutral line with its steep horizontal magnetic gradient, and 4) the area with strong magnetic shear. Furthermore, we selected another eight large and inactive active regions (ARs), which are called fallow ARs (FARs), to compare them with the SARs. We found that most of the SARs have a net magnetic flux higher than 7.0\times10^21 Mx, a total photospheric free magnetic energy higher than 1.0\times10^24 erg/cm, a magnetic neutral line with a steep horizontal magnetic gradient (\geq 300 G/Mm) longer than 30 Mm, and an area with strong magnetic shear (shear angle \geq 80\degree) greater than 100 Mm^2. In contrast, the values of these parameters for the FARs are mostly very low. The Pearson \c{hi}2 test was used to examine the significance of the difference between the SARs and FARs, and the results indicate that these two types of ARs can be fairly distinguished by each of these parameters. The significance levels are 99.55%, 99.98%, 99.98%, and 99.96%, respectively. However, no single parameter can distinguish them perfectly. Therefore we propose a composite index based on these parameters, and find that the distinction between the two types of ARs is also significant with a significance level of 99.96%. These results are useful for a better physical understanding of the SAR and FAR
description: 9 pages, 3 figures, 2 tables
title: Intraductal Papillary Mucinous Tumour (IPMT) of the Bile Ducts: There is more to bile duct dilation
Creators: name: Gredilla, María
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Neoplasia
subject: Education and training
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Contrast agent-intravenous
subject: Biopsy
subject: Ultrasound
subject: MR
subject: CT
subject: Interventional non-vascular
subject: Biliary Tract / Gallbladder
subject: Abdomen
subject: Abdominal Viscera
subject: Not applicable
subject: Performed at one institution

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: To describe IPMT of the bile duct, a distinct pathologic entity. To explain its behaviour in different imaging studies and modalities of choice for...
Strengthening HIV services for pregnant women: an opportunity to reduce maternal mortality rates in Southern Africa/sub-Saharan Africa
Creators: name: Moodley, Jack
name: Pattinson, R. C.
name: Baxter, Cheryl
name: Sibeko, Sengeziwe
name: Abdool Karim, Quarraisha
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2011
Subjects: Public health

description: Reliable data from South Africa emanating from WHO recommendations for the Safe Motherhood programme underscores HIV/AIDS as the most common cause of maternal deaths. The strengthening of HIV services for pregnant women especially in countries with a high burden of HIV infection will reduce HIV-related and un-related maternal mortality rates. High-quality and complete data on maternal deaths is a critical foundation for reliably monitoring temporal trends in maternal deaths, and causes thereof, but needs substantial strengthening in many resource-constrained settings. HIV/AIDS is an increasing contributor to direct and indirect causes of maternal deaths in sub-Saharan Africa. A review of published data on maternal deaths and its association with HIV shows that reliable data come from the Confidential Enquiries into Maternal Deaths from South Africa, population-based surveys in sentinel populations, and facility-based data. Despite an increase in knowledge of the HIV status of pregnant women and the initiation of antiretroviral treatment, reversals in trends towards increased maternal deaths are not being observed. The strengthening of HIV services provides an opportunity to alter HIV epidemic trajectories and reduce maternal deaths.
Flexible and Data-Driven Modeling of 3D Protein Complex Structures
Creators: name: Christoffer, Charles W
Publisher: name: Purdue University Graduate School
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 310201
subject: Bioinformatic methods development

description: Proteins and their interactions with each other, with nucleic acids, and with other molecules are foundational to all known forms of life. The three-dimensional structures of these interactions are an essential component of a comprehensive understanding of how they function. Molecular-biological hypothesis formulation and rational drug design are both often predicated on a particular structure model of the molecule or complex of interest. While experimental methods capable of determining atomic-detail structures of molecules and complexes exist, such as the popular X-ray crystallography and cryo-electron microscopy, these methods require both laborious sample preparation and expensive instruments with limited throughput. Computational methods of predicting complex structures are therefore desirable if they can enable cheap, high-throughput virtual screening of the space of biological hypotheses. Many common biomolecular contexts have largely been blind spots for predictive modeling of complex structures. In this direction, docking methods are proposed to address extreme conformational change, nonuniform environments, and distance-geometric priors. Flex-LZerD deforms a flexible protein using a novel fitting procedure based on iterated normal mode decomposition and was shown to construct accurate complex models even when an initial input subunit structure exhibits extreme conformational differences from its bound state. Mem-LZerD efficiently constrains the docking search space by augmenting the geometric hashing data structure at the core of the LZerD algorithm and enabled membrane protein complexes to be efficiently and accurately modeled. Finally, atomic distance-based approaches developed during modeling competitions and collaborations with wet lab biologists were shown to effectively integrate domain knowledge into complex modeling pipelines.
Angle Dependent Van Hove Singularities in Slightly Twisted Graphene Bilayer
Creators: name: Yan, Wei
name: Liu, Mengxi
name: Dou, Rui-Fen
name: Meng, Lan
name: Feng, Lei
name: Chu, Zhao-Dong
name: Zhang, Yanfeng
name: Liu, Zhongfan
name: Nie, Jia-Cai
name: He, Lin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent studies show that two low-energy Van Hove singularities (VHSs) seen as two pronounced peaks in the density of states (DOS) could be induced in twisted graphene bilayer. Here, we report angle dependent VHSs of slightly twisted graphene bilayer studied by scanning tunneling microscopy and spectroscopy. We show that energy difference of the two VHSs follows \DeltaEvhs ~ \hbarνF\DeltaK between 1.0^{\circ} and 3.0^{\circ} (here νF ~ 1.1\times106 m/s is the Fermi velocity of monolayer graphene, \DeltaK = 2Ksin(θ/2) is the shift between the corresponding Dirac points of the twisted graphene bilayer). This result indicates that the rotation angle between graphene sheets not results in significant reduction of the Fermi velocity, which quite differs from that predicted by band structure calculations. However, around a twisted angle θ~ 1.3^{\circ}, the observed \DeltaEvhs ~ 0.11 eV is much less than the expected value \hbarνF\DeltaK ~ 0.28 eV at 1.3^{\circ}. The origin of the reduction of \DeltaEvhs at 1.3^{\circ} is discussed.
description: To appear in Phys. Rev. Lett. (2012)
title: The role of imaging in presurgical planning of intramuscular hemangiomas
Creators: name: Arooj, Shumaila
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Performed at one institution
subject: Observational
subject: Not applicable
subject: Image registration
subject: Imaging sequences
subject: MR
subject: Musculoskeletal soft tissue
subject: Management
subject: Haematologic
subject: Musculoskeletal

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: To be able to recognise certain features on different MR sequences. To set a road map for trdeatment or pre surgical...
p53, mgmt, and temozolomide sensitivity in high grade astrocytic gliomas
Creators: name: Blough, Michael Donald
Publisher: name: University of Calgary
Year: 2012

description: Bibliography: p. 51-69, 96-100, 134-137, 155-158, 175-180
description: Some pages are in colour.
description: Includes copy of animal protocol approval. Original copy with original Partial Copyright Licence.
description: Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is a uniformly fatal type of brain cancer. Despite intensive research, only minor progress has been made in improving prognosis. Current treatment modalities for GBM involve surgical resection, followed by chemo­radiotherapy, with the same treatment generally administered to all patients. Intriguingly, differential patient outcomes are not uncommon: some patients respond favourably, some do not, suggesting that tumour subsets with unique molecular alterations that determine the effectiveness of treatment must exist. If the nature and consequence of these alterations can be clarified, it may be possible to individualize patient treatments. Indeed, ensuring effective treatments for treatment-responsive cases, while eliminating unnecessary treatments and side effects from administering ineffective therapeutics is envisioned. The work presented in this dissertation focuses on the tumour suppressor p53 and the DNA repair protein 06-methylguanine DNA methyl transferase (MGMT). Specifically, we investigate the roles these proteins play in response of GBM to the chemotherapeutic Temozolomide (TMZ). The following three objectives are presented, aimed at improving our understanding of how these two molecules are related and the role they play in treatment response: i) examine the relationship between p53 and MGMT expression, two genes commonly altered in GBM; ii) define the relationship between p53 and response to TMZ; and iii) determine the link between MGMT and TMZ sensitivity in brain tumour initiating cells (BTICs), a potential 'disease reservoir' for GBM. Successful completion of these objectives provides an improved understanding of how p53 relates to MGMT expression and TMZ response, and whether MGMT determines TMZ sensitivity in BTICs.
Spilt milk : trade liberalisation and the Barbados dairy industry
Creators: name: Kellman, Sophia Nicole
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: Dairying in Barbados is under tremendous pressure. Government reduced its role in the industry during the 1990’s structural adjustment programme. A quota system took effect. Milk production fell nearly 50 per cent between 1992 and 1993. By the end of 2010, 16 commercial dairy farmers remained in the industry – less than half of the 37 registered farmers in 1990. National milk output stood below 7 million kilograms - one-half of the 14 million kilograms recorded in 1991. Farm consolidation is common worldwide. The precipitous drop in milk output that occurred in 1992 Barbados is not. Dairy products constitute a significant part of the local diet and income. Milk remains one of the few agricultural products in which the island claims self-sufficiency. Hiccoughs in this industry trickle down to the larger society making it imperative that difficulties in the industry be identified and addressed. The changing international trade regime, farm management practices, domestic policy and weather patterns all potentially affect economic outcomes. We examine whether moves toward trade liberalisation increased milk-based imports. Our findings show it unlikely for milk-based imports to have been responsible for the 1992 milk production drop. Today, however, the evidence suggests that trade liberalisation is exerting pressure on the local industry. Fresh milk and cream imports rise more than 3 percent after 2000. Imports of milk products that compete with locally produced ones also exhibit signs of increase. Questionnaire-based responses identify structural characteristics of the industry. Survey data indicate high farm-level costs of production - some hovering around US$1 per kg – high prevailing price levels, reproductive and management issues, a paucity of industry support services and industry-specific research, and the absence of independent quality control and quota administration. Evidence of industry distress includes declining farm numbers, low production, and high costs. In short, we examine factors that affect the economics of producing milk in Barbados. We find that the viability of dairying in Barbados depends on successfully dealing with domestic policy and herd management issues, given the shifting trade environment.
Topological stability and dynamic resilience in complex networks
Creators: name: Banerjee, Satindranath Mishtu
Publisher: name: University of Calgary
Year: 2012

description: Bibliography: p. 202-228
description: Stability is a concern in complex networks as disparate as power grids, ecosystems, financial networks, the Internet, and metabolisms. I introduce two forms of topological stability that are relevant to network architectures: cut and connection stability. Cut-stability concerns a network's ability to resist being broken into pieces. Connection-stability concerns a network's ability to resist the spread of viral processes. These two forms of stability are antagonistic. Therefore, no network can ever be com­pletely architecturally stable. Changes to network topology that increase one form of sta­bility, compromise the other. This may seem disappointing, but there is good news. Dy­namic processes can stabilize a network and compensate for architectural limitations. Let us call such stabilizing processes, 'resilient mechanisms'. Such resilient mechanisms can be abstracted from stabilizing processes in biology, or designed de novo. Resilient processes have evolved to dynamically stabilize biological networks in the face of architectural limitations. They have been studied by biologists in several areas from homeostasis to evolutionary robustness. These processes exist today because they have been effective over evolutionary time scales. This provides an opportunity for computer scientists to learn from biology about processes that can stabilize the complex networks characteristic of distributed systems. I introduce a multi-agent framework, Probabilistic Network Models (PNMs), within which we can test different candidate resilient processes under varying network architec­tures. I focus on a PNM for a viral instability where the resilient process is the simple immune response of sending a warning message. Counter-intuitively, network architectures that favour the virus, also favour the warning message running ahead. Dynamic resilience, thus allows for an architectural weakness in connection-stability to be circumvented by pro­cesses as simple as sending a warning message.
Domain wall solution in $F(R)$ gravity and variation of the fine structure constant
Creators: name: Bamba, Kazuharu
name: Nojiri, Shin'ichi
name: Odintsov, Sergei D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct a domain wall solution in $F(R)$ gravity. We reconstruct a static domain wall solution in a scalar field theory. We also reconstruct an explicit $F(R)$ gravity model in which a static domain wall solution can be realized. Moreover, we show that there could exist an effective (gravitational) domain wall in the framework of $F(R)$ gravity. In addition, it is demonstrated that a logarithmic non-minimal gravitational coupling of the electromagnetic theory in $F(R)$ gravity may produce time-variation of the fine structure constant which may increase with decrease of the curvature, and that this model would be ruled out by the constraints on the time variation of the fine structure constant from quasar absorption lines. We also present cosmological consequences of the coupling of the electromagnetic field to a scalar field as well as the scalar curvature and discuss the relation between variation of the fine structure constant and the breaking of the conformal invariance of the electromagnetic field.
description: 31 pages, 5 figures, version accepted for publication in Physical Review D
title: Congenital anomalies of inferior vena cava: Clinico-Radiological Significance.
Creators: name: nivetha, vinolin
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Not applicable
subject: Congenital
subject: Normal variants
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Contrast agent-intravenous
subject: CT
subject: Veins / Vena cava
subject: Anatomy
subject: Abdomen
subject: Vascular
subject: Not applicable
subject: Multicentre study

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: Inferior vena cava is one of the most important structures in abdominal imaging. To know the variants, knowledge about the embryogenesis of inferior vena cava is essential. This presentation aims to identify the variants for its clinical and...
Inclusion of Adolescent Women in Microbicide Trials: A Public Health Imperative!
Creators: name: Pomfret, Suzanne
name: Abdool Karim, Quarraisha
name: Benatar, Solomon R.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2010
Subjects: Public health
Ethics

description: Conventional and well-established guidelines for the ethical conduct of clinical research are necessary but not sufficient for addressing research dilemmas related to public health research. There is a particular need for a public health ethics framework when, in the face of an epidemic, research is urgently needed to promote the common good. While there is limited experience in the use of a public health ethics framework, the value and potential of such an approach is increasingly being appreciated. Here we use two examples of adolescent women as potential candidates for participation in microbicide trials to illustrate how ethical decisions for public health research can be enhanced by drawing on both traditional research ethics guidance, and the emerging framework for public health ethics.
The infrared structure of gauge theory amplitudes in the high-energy limit
Creators: name: Del Duca, Vittorio
name: Duhr, Claude
name: Gardi, Einan
name: Magnea, Lorenzo
name: White, Chris D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop an approach to the high-energy limit of gauge theories based on the universal properties of their infrared singularities. Our main tool is the dipole formula, a compact ansatz for the all-order infrared singularity structure of scattering amplitudes of massless partons. By taking the high-energy limit, we show that the dipole formula implies Reggeization of infrared-singular contributions to the amplitude, at leading logarithmic accuracy, for the exchange of arbitrary color representations in the cross channel. We observe that the real part of the amplitude Reggeizes also at next-to-leading logarithmic order, and we compute the singular part of the two-loop Regge trajectory, which is universally expressed in terms of the cusp anomalous dimension. Our approach provides tools to study the high-energy limit beyond the boundaries of Regge factorization: thus we show that Reggeization generically breaks down at next-to-next-to-leading logarithmic accuracy, and provide a general expression for the leading Reggeization-breaking operator. Our approach applies to multiparticle amplitudes in multi-Regge kinematics, and it also implies new constraints on possible corrections to the dipole formula, based on the Regge limit.
description: 55 pages, 8 figures; v2: minor corrections concerning the literature, some references added; to be published in JHEP
Molecular techniques for the identification of bovine mastitis pathogens
Creators: name: Ajitkumar, Praseeda
Publisher: name: University of Calgary
Year: 2012

description: Bibliography: p. 12-19, 45-49, 77-83, 95-100
description: Some pages are in colour.
description: Mastitis, one of the important production diseases of dairy cows, causes great economic losses to the dairy industry. Identification of mastitis pathogens using culture­based methods is often less accurate than genotypic methods. This is especially true in the case of coagulase-negative staphylococci (CNS), which were considered to be minor pathogens and now are gaining importance as the predominant pathogens in mastitis. In this work, a rapid assay, high-resolution melt analysis (HRMA) was tested for the species identification of bacterial mas ti tis pathogens including CNS targeting the variable regions of the 16S rDNA sequences. HRMA had an accuracy of 95% in species identification of common bacterial pathogens with only difficulty in identifying the streptococci due to heterogeneity observed in the PCR amplicons of Streptococcus uberis. HRMA could easily identify the most common CNS species, Staphylococcus chromogenes, which accounted for 68% of the CNS isolates in this study. Different genotypes of S. chromogenes also were identified using this technique. The remainder of the CNS were identified to species level by 16S rRNA, rpoB and/or tuf gene sequencing. This study demonstrates that real-time PCR and HRMA of 16S rDNA sequences can be employed successfully as an effective, low-cost technique for identification of common mastitis pathogens including S. chromogenes.
MPEC 2023-M175 : 2020 KW7
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
FROM BIRTH TO DEATH: UNRAVELING THE MYSTERIES OF DECIDUOUS FOLIAGE
Creators: name: Kane, Cade N
Publisher: name: Purdue University Graduate School
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 310806
subject: Plant physiology
classificationCode: 300710
subject: Tree nutrition and physiology

description: Deciduous leaf habits have evolved multiple times across many lineages in response to stresses like drought, cold, or darkness. This short, seasonal leaf lifespan allows trees to invest in photosynthesis during prime conditions and retreat to dormancy to survive less favorable conditions. The consequence of short leaf lifespan is that trees must perform an entire year's carbon capture into 6-8 months. This leads to leaves that are cheaper to produce than longer lived evergreen counterparts. As soon as challenging conditions have passed the leaves of deciduous trees expand rapidly; and this expansion has huge impacts on local ecosystems. Other plants like spring ephemerals have evolved to complete the majority of their life cycle before the upper canopy closes off. During the summer, deciduous leaves gather huge amounts of carbon for the trees to survive their dormancy. Finally, as the trees prepare to enter dormancy, nutrients are withdrawn from leaves as the chlorophyll is metabolized, causing them to transition from bright green to shades of red and yellow. In addition to other plants, people find the annual process of renewal on bud burst and tragic decline during senescence fascinating and culturally important. The aim of my thesis is to expand our understanding of winter deciduous leaves through every major stage of development, as well as to investigate how this process may shift due to climate change.
HIV-Associated Tuberculosis
Creators: name: Naidoo, Kogieleum
name: Naidoo, Kasavan
name: Padayatchi, Nesri
name: Abdool Karim, Quarraisha
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2011
Subjects: Virology
Epidemiology

description: The intersecting HIV and Tuberculosis epidemics in countries with a high disease burden of both infections pose many challenges and opportunities. For patients infected with HIV in high TB burden countries, the diagnosis of TB, ARV drug choices in treating HIV-TB coinfected patients, when to initiate ARV treatment in relation to TB treatment, managing immune reconstitution, minimising risk of getting infected with TB and/or managing recurrent TB, minimizing airborne transmission, and infection control are key issues. In addition, given the disproportionate burden of HIV in women in these settings, sexual reproductive health issues and particular high mortality rates associated with TB during pregnancy are important. The scaleup and resource allocation to access antiretroviral treatment in these high HIV and TB settings provide a unique opportunity to strengthen both services and impact positively in meeting Millennium Development Goal 6.
Controlling the quantum state of a single photon emitted from a single polariton
Creators: name: Stanojevic, Jovica
name: Parigi, Valentina
name: Bimbard, Erwan
name: Tualle-Brouri, Rosa
name: Ourjoumtsev, Alexei
name: Grangier, Philippe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate in detail the optimal conditions for a high fidelity transfer from a single-polariton state to a single-photon state and subsequent homodyne detection of the single photon. We assume that, using various possible techniques, the single polariton has initially been stored as a spin-wave grating in a cloud of cold atoms inside a low-finesse cavity. This state is then transferred to a single-photon optical pulse using an auxiliary beam. We optimize the retrieval efficiency and determine the mode of the local oscillator that maximizes the homodyne efficiency of such a photon. We find that both efficiencies can have values close to one in a large region of experimental parameters.
description: 10 pages, 8 figures
An innovative chili dispenser to establish memory fence dynamics at crop-wildlife interfaces for effective long term human-elephant conflict mitigation
Creators: name: La Grange, Mike
name: Le Bel, Sébastien
name: Breck, Stewart
name: International Wildlife Ranching Symposium, Producer
Publisher: name: Mountain Scholar
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Wildlife management -- Congresses
subject: Range management -- Congresses

description: Moderator: Stewart Breck.
description: Presented at the 8th international congress for wildlife and livelihoods on private and communal lands: livestock, tourism, and spirit, that was held on September 7-12, 2014 in Estes Park, Colorado.
description: Video presenter: Sébastien Le Bel.
description: With elephant populations in southern Africa increasing at 5% per annum, local communities living in marginal land adjacent to protected areas are faced with increasing occurrences of human-elephant conflict. If this situation is not addressed, elephant populations will have to be reduced and condemned to survive in fenced protected areas while the negative attitudes of humans towards wildlife impact becomes engrained in the minds of many people. Recent mitigation strategies were developed aiming at enhancing existing traditional approaches and improving upon their effectiveness. An innovative chili pepper dispenser was developed to apply pepper directly at the offending elephant, teaching them to respect passive repellents. This concept mimics interactions between animal species to form an effective form of a virtual fence. The advanced chili applicator, developed in a hand held version, is the 'Mhiripiribomba' and the ambush version is the 'Ambushchillibomba'. They fire ping pong balls, filled with a concentrated chili liquid, at speeds of 250ft/sec that burst on contact on or near the elephant, atomizing the concentrate into a fine spray, and creating a deterrent. After hundreds of tests in southern Africa, the industrial version of the 'Mhiripiribomber' offers an opportunity to disseminate this tool at low cost. Combined with sustainable revenues from wildlife, the improvement of mitigation measures with this chili dispenser will increase the wildlife acceptance capacity that the human community is willing to tolerate. Through the creation of memory fences, it will facilitate elephants respecting human activities and aid the acceptance of wildlife corridor in crop land.
Study of the galactic environment with dense gas at the 60 pc resolution  in the nearby Seyfert galaxy NGC 1068
Creators: name: Watanabe, Yumi
name: Bamba, Kazuharu
name: Takano, Shuro
name: Saito, Toshiki
name: Ikarashi, Soh
name: Harada, Nanase
name: Izumi, Takuma
name: Imanishi, Masatoshi
name: Nakajima, Taku
name: Tamura, Yoichi
name: Taniguchi, Akio
name: Kohno, Kotaro
name: Nishimura, Yuri
name: Tosaki, Tomoka
name: Ueda, Junko
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: To understand galaxy evolution, it is important to study the active galactic nucleus (AGN), the star formation, and the state of molecular clouds for a variety of galaxies.
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In this study, NGC 1068, one of the prototypes of the nearby Seyfert galaxy, was observed with ALMA at the 60 pc resolution to investigate the nature of molecular clouds around AGN typical of the local universe.
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NGC 1068 has a circumnuclear disk (CND) (radius ~0.2 kpc) of gas surrounding the AGN. The ring-like spiral arms (radius ~1 kpc) surrounding the CND is called to be starburst ring (SBR) in which many massive stars have formed, making it ideal for studying the relationship between star formation and the parental dense gas.
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We took up HCN molecule to trace high-density gases. Using the HCN (J=1-0) and molecular gas tracer CO (J=1-0) data obtained with ALMA, we have mapped the HCN/CO intensity ratio with high resolution (60 pc) and sensitivity (0.07 K).
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The analysis has yielded the following preliminary results. Not only the CND, but also the region 0.3 kpc outside the CND shows high values of intensity ratios greater than unity. This is unusually high compared to the typical value of <0.1 for spiral galaxies. Possible causes of the high ratio include anomalous excitation or anomalous HCN/CO abundance ratios. This presentation will discuss the causes of the anomalous HCN/CO intensity ratios found in around the CND.
title: Posterior fossa cystic lesions: A learning guide for residents in neuroradiology.
Creators: name: Esmayil, Hiba
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Not applicable
subject: Not applicable
subject: Cysts
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Ultrasound
subject: MR
subject: CT
subject: Neuroradiology brain
subject: CNS
subject: Anatomy
subject: Neuro

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: To increase understanding and differentiating posterior fossa cystic lesions on the basis of USG, CT and MRI findings. To suggest a proper diagnostic strategy, differential diagnosis, genetic counselling and further...
Urban Policy Trends: Where Should the City of Calgary Spend its Money?
Creators: name: Lucas, Jack
Publisher: name: The School of Public Policy Publications
Year: 2019

description: The day after Calgarians voted to end the city’s bid for the 2026 Olympic Games, city council quietly began work on a much larger project, one whose price tag – $19 billion – dwarfed the cost of the Olympic games several times over. Unlike the Olympics, this project was not widely reported in the national newspapers, and there were no televised debates at the new Central Library. What was this enormous project? The city’s four-year budget.
description: The School of Public Policy Publications, Vol 12 (2019)
A note on the metastability of the Ising model: the alternate updating case
Creators: name: Cirillo, Emilio N. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the metastable behavior of the two-dimensional Ising model in the case of an alternate updating rule: parallel updating of spins on the even (odd) sublattice are permitted at even (odd) times. We show that although the dynamics is different from the Glauber serial case the typical exit path from the metastable phase remains the same.