Chalarus immanis Kehlmaier, spec. nov.
Creators: name: Kehlmaier, Christian
name: Assmann, Thorsten
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2008
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Pipunculidae
Chalarus
Chalarus immanis

description: Chalarus immanis Kehlmaier spec. nov.
(Figs 4, 22, 29)
Type material: Finland: Regio aboënsis, Karjalohja, Karkali Nature Reserve, 6685:3322, hand net: 1ɗ (holotype), 9.VIII.2006, Kehlmaier & Ståhls (MZH); 4ɗ, 9.VIII.2006, Kehlmaier & Ståhls (2ɗ MZH, 2ɗ PCCK); 1ɗ 9.VIII.2006, DNA CK 128, Kehlmaier & Ståhls (MTD); Germany: Saxony, Dresden, Dresdner Heide, 13°46’E 51°05’N, 160m, hand-net: 2ɗ, 20.VII.2003, Kehlmaier (PCCK); 1ɗ, 7.VIII.2004, DNA CK 10, Kehlmaier (MTD); 3ɗ, 8.VIII.2004, Kehlmaier (PCCK); Japan: Hokkaido, Rakusan, Muroran, 141°01’E 42°21’N, Malaise trap: 1ɗ, 16.–29.VII.2007, DNA CK 343, Yoshida (MTD); Singapore: Bukit Timah, rain forest, hand-net: 1ɗ, 7.IX.2005, DNA CK 262, reg. 25330, Grootaert (KBIN).
Etymology: The epithet refers to the wide distribution of this species; immanis [lat.]: huge, vast, immense, tremendous.
Differential diagnosis: A small and dark species with only few bristles on pedicel and anepimeron. The taxon can best be identified by means of the shape of its inner genitalia with phallic processes absent and lower two ejaculatory ducts distinctly set back to base of membranous tip of distiphallus (Fig. 4). See Table 1 for coxI and ITS2 barcode sequence accession numbers.
Male: Body length 2.1–2.4mm. Head. Face black, silver-grey pollinose. Labellum and palps light brown, the latter with two distal hairs on each. Eyes separated, ommatidial facets slightly enlarged at front. Frons black, silver-grey pollinose in lower quarter. At its narrowest point, width of 2.5 ommatidial facets. Antenna dark brown. Pedicel with 2 short upper and 2 lower bristles, 1 of the latter longer than flagellum which is of an ovoid-kidney shape and is only slightly longer than wide. Vertex black. Ocellar triangle with 1 pair of long and 2 pairs of short ocellar bristles. Occiput black, hardly visible in lateral view. Thorax. Uniformly dark brown to black. Dorsal surface of prescutum and scutum covered with quite widely spaced black hairs, the longest ones towards the lateral and posterior margins (notopleural, supraalar and postalar bristles). Scutellum with 2–3 pairs of long black marginal bristles, dorsally with one pair of short bristly hairs. Pleura bare except anepimeron with 1–2 hairs. Wing and halter. Length: 2.2–2.5mm. LW:MWW=2.9–3.0. Wing surface with brownish tinge and covered with microtrichia except near base. Pterostigma brown and incomplete (LS:LTC=0.7). LSC:LTC:LFC=6.0:5.6:1.0. Halter dark brown. Leg. Entirely dark brown except femoral-tibial joints (optional) and light brown tarsal segments. All hairs mid to dark brown, occasionally light brown. Legs with psr ~11 hairs; pvsr ~14 hairs, apical ones slightly extending beyond apex; aasr ~8 hairs, apical ones extending as far as apex); pdsr ~8 hairs, apical ones extending as far as apex; ppsr ~2 hairs. Pulvilli shorter than distitarsus. Abdomen. Entirely dark brown. All hairs dark brown, dorsally and ventrally sparse and short, along lateral margins long and somewhat more dense. LT35:WT2=1.1–1.3. Genitalia. Viewed laterally from outer surstylus as in Fig. 29 (membranous tip of distiphallus can frequently be seen without dissection). Surstyli symmetrical, with medial protuberances. Gonopods symmetrical, slightly broadened in distal half. Phallus (Fig. 4) with moderately bent shaft. Tip of distiphallus rather short and apically rounded. Lmtdp:Ltdp~4.0. Phallic processes absent. The two lower ejaculatory ducts are situated at the base of the membranous tip of the distiphallus and not distally where the upper ejaculatory duct opens out. Ejaculatory apodeme with a small hood, nail-shaped (Fig. 22).
Female unknown.
Annotations: All type material is currently preserved in ethanol. One Finnish paratype has been recorded in Kehlmaier & Ståhls (2008) as Chalarus spec. A. The species has a wide distribution, being recorded from the Western and Eastern Palaearctic (Germany, Finland, Japan) as well as the Oriental region (Singapore).
description: Published as part of Kehlmaier, Christian & Assmann, Thorsten, 2008, The European species of Chalarus Walker, 1834 revisited (Diptera: Pipunculidae), pp. 1-39 in Zootaxa 1936 on pages 7-9, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.184950