Gilpinia infuscalae Wang & Smith & Xiao & Niu & Wei 2019, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Wang, Hannan
name: Smith, David R.
name: Xiao, Wei
name: Niu, Gengyun
name: Wei, Meicai
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Diprionidae
Gilpinia

description: Gilpinia infuscalae Wang & Wei, sp. nov.
(Figs. 1 A–M, 2H, 3)
Female. Body length 8.2 mm (8.0– 9.6 mm). Wing expanse 16.7 mm (16.2–19.2 mm). Mainly black (Fig. 1A); mandible basally black, apically reddish brown; palpi yellowish brown; antenna black with scape and pedicel dark brown; cenchri brownish; terga 2–6 with faint lateral brownish spots (Fig. 1E). Legs black with followings dark brown: claws, spurs, inner sides of fore and middle tibiae. Wings smoky with dark veins and stigma, center of stigma whitish.
Head and dorsal mesonotum densely punctured. Posterior and lateral margins of head and ocellar area with dense punctures about 0.02 mm, interspaces between punctures less than diameter of a puncture; clypeus (apical margin and central part shiny without punctures), malar space and lower paraantennal field with dense punctures about 0.07 mm, interspaces between punctures less than diameter of a puncture; anterior and posterior margins of median mesoscutal lobe, lateral side of lateral mesoscutal lobe with punctures about 0.03 mm (Fig. 1D); mesoscutellum and center of mesepisternum with punctures about 0.1 mm (Fig. 1F); katepimeron and metepisternum feebly shiny and wrinkled; postspiracular sclerite, metascutellum, anepimeron, metepimeron and center of tergum 1 (Fig. 1E) with dense punctures about 0.07 mm; terga wrinkled with few shallow punctures; ventral terga also with punctures, gradually denser toward lateral margin; tergum 10 sparsely punctured, gradually dense and distinct to the posterior end (Fig. 1H); sterna with dense punctures.
Head and mesonotum covered with dense whitish hair 0.9× diameter of front ocellus. Clypeus concave apically; frontal field and frontal pit distinct; postocellar area rounded, frontal postocellar furrow concave, lateral postocellar furrows faint; distances between eye and lateral ocellus, between lateral ocelli, and between lateral ocellus and posterior margin of head about 1.0: 1.0: 1.0 (Fig. 1C), distance between eye and torulus 1.7–1.8× distance between toruli; malar space 1.4–1.5× diameter of front ocellus; antenna serrate with 19 distinct antennomeres, apex obtuse, 8–11th rami longer than stem of each flagellomere, length of pedicel equal to diameter of front ocellus, length of ramus 1 equal to length of flagellomere 1. Mesoscutellum obtusely protruding with an anterior angle of 106°, its width 1.2–1.3× length; distance between cenchri equal to length of a cenchrus. Inner hind tibial spur simple and slightly longer than outer spur, apex obliquely truncate, its length 0.4–0.5× length of tarsomere 1 (including plantar lobe) and 0.3–0.4× maximum width of hind tibia, total length of tarsomeres 2–5 about 3.0–3.1× length of tarsomere 1; claw with an obvious denticle.
Dorsal width of scopa 3.7–3.9× width of a cercus (Fig. 1G), ventral length of a scopa 4.3–4.4× length of a cercus (Fig. 1H); each scopa apically obtuse, slightly protruding beyond tergum 9 in lateral view; dorsal margin of lance convex at center in lateral view (Fig. 1I), apices of lances asymmetrical; lancet with 11 distinct annuli, gradually narrowing from annulus 2 toward apex, annulus 1 very narrow, about 0.4× length of annulus 2 (Fig. 1J); annulus 1 without serrula, annulus 2 with longest serrula, close to and parallel with annulus 1, remote and distinctly divergent downwards with annulus 3; width of annulus 2 about 1.9× width of annulus 3, total length of annuli 1–11 about 2.0× maximum width of lancet, annuli 3–9 parallel (Fig. 1J); serrulae slightly concave ventrally (Fig. 1K).
Male. Body length 6.7 mm (6.5–8.0 mm), wing expanse 14.1 mm (14.0–15.0 mm) (Fig. 1B). Mainly black, labrum and pterostigma brownish, cenchri dark brown, wings hyaline, apical 1/3 of fore femur, apical 1/4 of middle femur, all tarsi and claws orange brown. Punctation as in female, but generally denser and more distinct on head and mesonotum, shallower and sparser on ventral terga. Antenna with 21 distinct antennomeres, scape length 3.0× length of pedicel, flagellomeres 3–19 pectinate, flagellomere 1 bears a long ramus. Distances between eye and lateral ocellus, between lateral ocelli, between lateral ocellus and posterior margin of head about 1.0:1.0:0.8. distance between eye and torulus 2.0–2.1× distance between toruli; malar space 1.3–1.4× diameter of front ocellus. Inner spur of hind tibia simple, 0.4–0.5× length of tarsomere 1 (including plantar lobe), 0.5–0.6 × maximum width of hind tibia, total length of tarsomeres 2–5 about 2.5–2.6× length of tarsomere 1. Gonoforceps as Fig. 1L, parapenis long, gradually narrowing toward apex, inner margins of harpes slightly concave, valviceps simple with blunt apex and a multitoothed ventral margin (Fig. 1M), length of penis valve 4.0–4.1× maximum width of valviceps.
Larva (Fig. 3). Body yellow with head and thoracic legs black. Larvae found at 2012.11.0 6, gathered by collector from Pinus massoniana Lamb. (Pinaceae), reared in room temperature. Pupae to adult from 2013.03 to 2013.04.
Host plant. Pinus massoniana Lamb. (Pinaceae).
Type material. Holotype ♀, Jiangxi, Huichang, 2013.3.29, Maoling Sheng, pupa reared, Pinus massoniana Lamb. (Pinaceae). Paratypes. 18 ♀, 44 ♂: Jiangxi, Huichang, 2013.3.23–4.16, leg. Maoling Sheng, pupa reared, Pinus massoniana Lamb. (Pinaceae).
Distribution. China (Jiangxi Province).
Etymology. The specific name " infuscalae " is a noun, derived from Latin, " infusc -" (blacked) and " alae " (wings), referring to its largely smoky wings.
Remarks. Gilpinia infuscalae is distinguished from other Gilpinia species by its entirely black color, simple inner hind tibial spur, and lancet which is triangular and with the second and third annuli distinctly divergent (Fig. 1J). It is the only entirely black Gilpinia species in China. Other Chinese species are mostly yellow, brown, or reddish brown and have hyaline wings. In color, G. infuscalae resembles G. nigra (Okutani, 1958) from Japan, also an entirely black species. However, G. nigra has more hyaline wings, the inner hind tibial spur is scale like, the anterior four tibiae and tarsi are brown, the cenchri are black, and the lancet is more slender, resembling the species in Fig. 2 A–E. Structurally, G. infuscalae is similar to those species with more triangular lancets, as in Figs. 2 I–M, but the second and third annuli are distinctly divergent in G. infuscalae. Gilpinia bodyarensis from India has smoky wings as well, but the wings are not as dark as in G. infuscalae. It also differs in having yellow marks on the head and with the first to third annuli almost parallel (Saini & Thind 1993: fig. 15).
description: Published as part of Wang, Hannan, Smith, David R., Xiao, Wei, Niu, Gengyun & Wei, Meicai, 2019, Gilpinia infuscalae Wang & Wei, sp. nov. and a key to the Chinese Gilpinia species (Hymenoptera: Diprionidae), pp. 589-596 in Zootaxa 4571 (4) on pages 592-594, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4571.4.11, http://zenodo.org/record/10072942