cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
R script for linear regression analysis with cross-validation using the tidyverse and caret libraries
Creators: name: Cheishvili David
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: cross-validation
tidyverse
caret

description: This R script performs linear regression analysis with cross-validation using the tidyverse and caret libraries. The script reads data from a CSV file, creates a random training set and validation set, fits a linear regression model to the training set, and generates predictions for the validation set. The script then computes R-squared, RMSE, and MAE metrics to evaluate the model's performance. This script may be useful for researchers and practitioners working in the field of statistical modeling and cross-validation
Near-optimal control of a stochastic SICA model with imprecise parameters
Creators: name: Zine, Houssine
name: Torres, Delfim F. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: An adequate near-optimal control problem for a stochastic SICA (Susceptible-Infected-Chronic-AIDS) compartmental epidemic model for HIV transmission with imprecise parameters is formulated and investigated. We prove some estimates for the state and co-state variables of the stochastic system. The established inequalities are then used to prove a necessary and a sufficient condition for near-optimal control with imprecise parameters. The proofs involve several mathematical and stochastic tools, including the Burkholder-Davis-Gundy inequality.
description: This is a preprint of a paper whose final and definite form is published in 'Commun. Optim. Theory'. Submitted 27-June-2022; Revised and Accepted 27-Sept-2022. In memory of Professor Jack Warga on the occasion of his 100th birthday
Gannett Edit Board Review
Creators: name: (:Unav)
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2021
Subjects: Political campaigns
Women--Political activity
Pay equity
Feminism

description: Town hall discussion with Abzug organized by the Westchester chapter of the National Organization for Women. Moderated by Charlotte Mosenberg, they discuss Abzug’s 1986 Congressional bid for the 20th district.
Evolution of a family of expanding cubic black-hole lattices in numerical relativity
Creators: name: Bentivegna, Eloisa
name: Korzynski, Mikolaj
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the numerical evolution of a family of conformally-flat, infinite, expanding cubic black-hole lattices. We solve for the initial data using an initial-data prescription presented recently, along with a new multigrid solver developed for this purpose. We then apply the standard tools of numerical relativity to calculate the time development of this initial dataset and derive quantities of cosmological relevance, such as the scaling of proper lengths. Similarly to the case of S3 lattices, we find that the length scaling remains close to the analytical solution for Friedmann-Lemaitre-Robertson-Walker cosmologies throughout our simulations, which span a window of about one order of magnitude in the growth of the scale factor. We highlight, however, a number of important departures from the Friedmann-Lemaitre-Robertson-Walker class.
description: 20 pages, 15 figures. A few minor corrections
Improving Sentiment Analysis By Emotion Lexicon Approach on Vietnamese Texts
Creators: name: Doan, An Long
name: Luu, Son T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The sentiment analysis task has various applications in practice. In the sentiment analysis task, words and phrases that represent positive and negative emotions are important. Finding out the words that represent the emotion from the text can improve the performance of the classification models for the sentiment analysis task. In this paper, we propose a methodology that combines the emotion lexicon with the classification model to enhance the accuracy of the models. Our experimental results show that the emotion lexicon combined with the classification model improves the performance of models.
description: Published at the International Conference on Asian Language Processing (IALP 2022)
Stability of Anisotropic Cylinder with Zero Expansion
Creators: name: Sharif, M.
name: Azam, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the dynamical instability of anisotropic collapsing cylinder with the expansion-free condition, which generates vacuum cavity within fluid distribution. The perturbation scheme is applied to distinguish Newtonian, post-Newtonian and post-post Newtonian terms, which are used for constructing dynamical equation at Newtonian and post-Newtonian regimes. We analyze the role of pressure anisotropy and energy density inhomogeneity on the stability of collapsing cylinder. It turns out that stability of the cylinder depends upon these physical properties of the fluid, not on the stiffness of the fluid.
description: 16 pages, no figure
Is there a difference in clinical skills gained between healthcare professionals of high- and low and middle-income countries with online simulation-based learning?
Creators: name: Ogiliev, Tamzin
name: Malhotra, Kashish
name: Ali, Anisah
name: Soran, Vina
name: Zhou, Dengyi
name: Melson, Eka
name: Davitadze, Meri
name: Kempegowda, Punith
Publisher: name: Advanced Journal of Professional Practice
Year: 2022

description: Background: Healthcare professionals in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) compared with those in high-income countries (HICs) face unequal clinical learning opportunities, caused by barriers such as cost, time, and accessibility. Simulation via Instant Messaging - Birmingham Advance (SIMBA) overcomes these barriers, acting as a free virtual simulation-based model which supports clinicians’ professional development. The study compared the impact of SIMBA in LMICs and HICs. Method: Sixteen SIMBA sessions were conducted between May 2020 and October 2021. Participants solved anonymised real-life clinical scenarios by interacting with moderators over WhatsApp. Participants completed pre- and post- SIMBA surveys; responses were grouped into HICs and LMICs using the 2022 World Bank Report. Participants’ performance, perceptions, and improvements in core competencies were compared using the Chi-square test. Thematic analysis of open-ended questions was also performed. Findings: 462 participants (29.7% from LMICs, n137) completed both the pre- and postSIMBA surveys. Participants from HICs showed better knowledge on patient management (p=.01), whereas participants from LMICs reported higher improvement in professionalism (p=.02). Both groups reported similar gains in patient care (p=.28), systems-based practice (p=.052), practice-based learning (p=.15), communication skills (p=.22), application to practice (p=.266), engagement (p=.197), and overall quality of the session (p=.101). In thematic analysis, strengths of SIMBA included providing individualised, structured, and engaging sessions. Conclusions: Healthcare professionals from both LMICs and HICs improved in their competencies, illustrating that SIMBA produces equivalent teaching experiences. Furthermore, SIMBA’s virtual nature enables international accessibility and potential for global scalability. This model could steer future standardised education policy development in LMICs.
description: Advanced Journal of Professional Practice, Vol 3 No 2 (2022): EDI Special Edition
“Most of the professors were Men” - a qualitative study of female medical students’ perceptions of careers in academic medicine.
Creators: name: Sinclair, Bethany
name: Agnel, Andrea
name: Haywood, Kirstie
name: Rees, Sophie
Publisher: name: Advanced Journal of Professional Practice
Year: 2022

description: Background: Women remain underrepresented in academic medicine, particularly at higher grades. A gender-based disparity in attitudes towards academic medicine has been described in qualified clinicians but not explored in student populations. To explore the perspectives of female graduate entry medical (GEM) students with regards to future careers in academic medicine. Method: A qualitative study using focus groups, facilitated by two female undergraduate medical students. A semi-structured topic guide was developed with a primary focus was on gender. However, the influence of intersecting characteristics was also explored. Findings: Twenty-seven female students from years 2 to 4 of a single GEM school in the West Midlands participated in five focus groups (mean duration 47.2 mins; range 36-59 mins). Thematic analysis revealed seven themes: work-life balance, impact on clinical career progression, personal preferences, GEM specific concerns, role models, imposter syndrome, culture of academia. GEM-specific concerns of financial issues and the influence of previous experience were highlighted. The presence of imposter syndrome, routed in a lack of knowledge about careers, lack of self-confidence and feelings of not belonging was an important recurrent theme. Conclusions: Access to relevant and timely information, support, opportunities, and concordant mentors are essential requirements from the first year of medical school. Fear of discrimination and bias must be addressed across the academic journey. Future exploration of the impact of ethnicity, LGBTQ+ and disability on academic medicine careers is required.
description: Advanced Journal of Professional Practice, Vol 3 No 2 (2022): EDI Special Edition
A new perspective on Digital Twins: Imparting intelligence and agency to entities
Creators: name: Agrawal, Ashwin
name: Singh, Vishal
name: Fischer, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Despite the Digital Twin (DT) concept being in the industry for a long time, it remains ambiguous, unable to differentiate itself from information models, general computing, and simulation technologies. Part of this confusion stems from previous studies overlooking the DT's bidirectional nature, that enables the shift of agency (delegating control) from humans to physical elements, something that was not possible with earlier technologies. Thus, we present DTs in a new light by viewing them as a means of imparting intelligence and agency to entities, emphasizing that DTs are not just expert-centric tools but are active systems that extend the capabilities of the entities being twinned. This new perspective on DTs can help reduce confusion and humanize the concept by starting discussions about how intelligent a DT should be, and its roles and responsibilities, as well as setting a long-term direction for DTs.
Ground state of a spin-1/2 Heisenberg-Ising two-leg ladder with XYZ intra-rung coupling
Creators: name: Verkholyak, T.
name: Strecka, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The quantum spin-1/2 two-leg ladder with an anisotropic XYZ Heisenberg intra-rung interaction and Ising inter-rung interactions is treated by means of a rigorous approach based on the unitary transformation. The particular case of the considered model with X-X intra-rung interaction resembles a quantum compass ladder with additional frustrating diagonal Ising interactions. Using an appropriately chosen unitary transformation, the model under investigation may be reduced to a transverse Ising chain with composite spins, and one may subsequently find the ground state quite rigorously. We obtain a ground-state phase diagram and analyze the interplay of the competition between several factors: the XYZ anisotropy in the Heisenberg intra-rung coupling, the Ising interaction along the legs, and the frustrating diagonal Ising interaction. The investigated model shows extraordinarily diverse ground-state phase diagrams including several unusual quantum ordered phases, two different disordered quantum paramagnetic phases, as well as discontinuous or continuous quantum phase transitions between those phases.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures
Gamma Ray Burst and star formation rates: The physical origin for the redshift evolution of their ratio
Creators: name: Trenti, M.
name: Perna, R.
name: Tacchella, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Gamma Ray Bursts (GRBs) and galaxies at high redshift represent complementary probes of the star formation history of the Universe. In fact, both the GRB rate and the galaxy luminosity density are connected to the underlying star formation. Here, we combine a star formation model for the evolution of the galaxy luminosity function from z=0 to z=10 with a metallicity-dependent efficiency for GRB formation to simultaneously predict the comoving GRB rate. Our model sheds light on the physical origin of the empirical relation often assumed between GRB rate and luminosity density-derived star formation rate: Rgrb(z) = ε(z)*SFR_{obs}(z), with ε(z) (1+z)^{1.2}. At z<4, ε(z) is dominated by the effects of metallicity evolution in the GRB efficiency. Our best-fitting model only requires a moderate preference for low-metallicity, that is a GRB rate per unit stellar mass about four times higher for log(Z/Zsun)0. Models with total suppression of GRB formation at log(Z/Zsun)>0 are disfavored. At z>4, most of the star formation happens in low-metallicity hosts with nearly saturated efficiency of GRB production per unit stellar mass. However at the same epoch, galaxy surveys miss an increasing fraction of the predicted luminosity density because of flux limits, driving an accelerated evolution of ε(z) compared to the empirical power-law fit from lower z. Our findings are consistent with the non-detections of GRB hosts in ultradeep imaging at z>5, and point toward current galaxy surveys at z>8 only observing the top 15-20 % of the total luminosity density.
description: Minor changes, ApJL accepted (7 pages, 4 figures)
Wortschatzarbeit – neuere Perspektiven und schulische Praxis
Creators: name: Loo, Tom Van De
Publisher: name: Pegasus-Onlinezeitschrift
Year: 2017

description: In seinem Artikel „Wortschatzarbeit – neuere Perspektiven und schulische Praxis“  widmet sich Tom van de Loo den Problemen, die heutige Schülerinnen und Schüler mit dem Behalten lateinischer Vokabeln haben. Er beleuchtet die Gründe dieser Schwierigkeiten anhand von Beispielen und gibt praktische Hinweise für den Unterricht und das häusliche Lernen, mit denen Hürden beim Wortschatzerwerb von Lehrenden und Lernenden überwunden werden können.
description: Pegasus-Onlinezeitschrift, Bd. 16: Pegasus-Onlinezeitschrift
Gauss-Bonnet black holes in a special anisotropic scaling spacetime
Creators: name: Mahmoudi, S.
name: Jafarzade, Kh.
name: Hendi, S. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Inspired by the Lifshitz gravity as a theory with anisotropic scaling behavior, we suggest a new $(n+1)-$dimensional metric in which the time and spatial coordinates scale anisotropically as $(t,r,θ_{i})\,\to (λ^{z}t,λ^{-1}r,λ^{x_i}\,θ_{i})$. Due to the anisotropic scaling dimension of the spatial coordinates, this spacetime does not support the full Schrödinger symmetry group. We look for the analytical solution of Gauss-Bonnet gravity in the context of the mentioned geometry. We show that Gauss-Bonnet gravity admits an analytical solution provided that the constants of the theory are properly adjusted. We obtain an exact vacuum solution, independent of the value of the dynamical exponent $z$, which is a black hole solution for the pseudo-hyperbolic horizon structure and a naked singularity for the pseudo-spherical boundary. We also obtain another exact solution of Gauss-Bonnet gravity under certain conditions. After investigating some geometrical properties of the obtained solutions, we consider the thermodynamic properties of these topological black holes and study the stability of the obtained solutions for each geometrical structure.
description: 17 pages, 11 figures
Exposure–response modeling of the effect of glasdegib on cardiac repolarization in patients with cancer
Creators: name: Fostvedt, Luke K.
name: Shaik, Naveed
name: Martinelli, Giovanni
name: Wagner, Andrew J.
name: Ruiz-Garcia, Ana
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: 60506 Virology

description: To characterize the effect of glasdegib on cardiac repolarization (QTc) in patients with advanced cancer. A concentration–QTc model was developed using data from two glasdegib single-agent, dose-escalation trials. Triplicate electrocardiogram was performed at pre-specified timepoints paired with pharmacokinetic blood collections after a single dose and at steady-state. Changes in QTc from baseline were predicted by model-based simulations at the clinical dose (100 mg QD) and in a supratherapeutic setting. Glasdegib did not affect the heart rate, but had a positive effect on the corrected QT interval, described by a linear mixed-effects model with ΔQTcF (QTc using Fridericia’s formula) as the dependent variable with glasdegib plasma concentrations from doses of 5–640 mg QD. The predicted mean QTcF change (upper bound of the 95% CI) was 5.30 (6.24) msec for the therapeutic 100-mg QD dose; at supratherapeutic concentrations (40% and 100% increase over the therapeutic Cmax), it was 7.42 (8.74) and 12.09 (14.25) msec, respectively. The relationship of glasdegib exposure and QTc was well characterized by the model. The effect of glasdegib on the QTc interval did not cross the threshold of clinical concern for an oncology drug. ClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT01286467 and NCT00953758.
Clips from Abzug speeches, interviews, and PSAs; Shirley MacLaine PSA encouraging women to vote; live event
Creators: name: (:Unav)
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2021
Subjects: Political campaigns
Women--Political activity
Politics, Practical
Voting

description: Tape 01 - Clips from Abzug speeches, interviews, and PSAs. Tape 02 - Shirley MacLaine PSA encouraging women to vote. Tape 03 - Both sides are a live event with an unidentified man (maybe a Democratic election consultant?) giving people advice about running for office, including some Q&A from attendees
Gravity-related wave function collapse: mass density resolution
Creators: name: Diósi, Lajos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Selected issues of the concept of spontaneous collapse are discussed, with the emphasis on the gravity-related model. We point out that without spontaneous collapses the Schrödinger cat states would macroscopically violate the standard conservation laws even in the presence of environmental noise. We prove that the collapse time of condensed matter c.o.m. superpositions is not sensitive to the natural uncertainty of the nuclear locations whereas we formulate the conjecture that superfluid He may show an anomalous low rate of spontaneous collapse compared to common condensed matter.
description: 7pp, 1fig. Invited talk at Sixth International Workshop DICE2012 (Castello Pasquini/Castiglioncello/Tuscany, Sept. 17-21, 2012)
Structure-property-function relationships in triple helical collagen hydrogels
Creators: name: Tronci, Giuseppe
name: Doyle, Amanda
name: Russell, Stephen J.
name: Wood, David J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Biomolecules (q-bio.BM)
subject: Tissues and Organs (q-bio.TO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: In order to establish defined biomimetic systems, type I collagen was functionalised with 1,3-Phenylenediacetic acid (Ph) as aromatic, bifunctional segment. Following investigation on molecular organization and macroscopic properties, material functionalities, i.e. degradability and bioactivity, were addressed, aiming at elucidating the potential of this collagen system as mineralization template. Functionalised collagen hydrogels demonstrated a preserved triple helix conformation. Decreased swelling ratio and increased thermo-mechanical properties were observed in comparison to state-of-the-art carbodiimide (EDC)-crosslinked collagen controls. Ph-crosslinked samples displayed no optical damage and only a slight mass decrease (~ 4 wt.-%) following 1-week incubation in simulated body fluid (SBF), while nearly 50 wt.-% degradation was observed in EDC-crosslinked collagen. SEM/EDS revealed amorphous mineral deposition, whereby increased calcium phosphate ratio was suggested in hydrogels with increased Ph content. This investigation provides valuable insights for the synthesis of triple helical collagen materials with enhanced macroscopic properties and controlled degradation. In light of these features, this system will be applied for the design of tissue-like scaffolds for mineralized tissue formation.
description: 2012 MRS Fall Meeting Proceedings
Parameters of axion-like particles required to explain high-energy photons from GRB 221009A
Creators: name: Troitsky, S. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent astrophysical transient Swift J1913.1+1946 is possibly associated with the gamma-ray burst GRB 221009A at the redshift z=0.151. The transient was accompanied by very high-energy gamma rays up to 18 TeV observed by LHAASO and a photon-like air shower of 251 TeV detected by Carpet-2. These energetic gamma rays cannot reach us from the claimed distance of the source because of the pair production on cosmic background radiation. If the identification and redshift measurements are correct, one would require new physics to explain the data. One possibility invokes axion-like particles (ALPs) which mix with photons but do not attenuate on the background radiation. Here we explore the ALP parameter space and find that the ALP-photon mixing in the Milky Way, and not in the intergalactic space, may help to explain the observations. However, given the low Galactic latitude of the event, misidentification with a Galactic transient remains an undiscarded explanation.
description: 4 pages, 1 figure. V2: minor changes; references + dedication added; version accepted by JETP Letters
Exposure–response modeling of the effect of glasdegib on cardiac repolarization in patients with cancer
Creators: name: Fostvedt, Luke K.
name: Shaik, Naveed
name: Martinelli, Giovanni
name: Wagner, Andrew J.
name: Ruiz-Garcia, Ana
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Cancer
subject: 60506 Virology

description: To characterize the effect of glasdegib on cardiac repolarization (QTc) in patients with advanced cancer. A concentration–QTc model was developed using data from two glasdegib single-agent, dose-escalation trials. Triplicate electrocardiogram was performed at pre-specified timepoints paired with pharmacokinetic blood collections after a single dose and at steady-state. Changes in QTc from baseline were predicted by model-based simulations at the clinical dose (100 mg QD) and in a supratherapeutic setting. Glasdegib did not affect the heart rate, but had a positive effect on the corrected QT interval, described by a linear mixed-effects model with ΔQTcF (QTc using Fridericia’s formula) as the dependent variable with glasdegib plasma concentrations from doses of 5–640 mg QD. The predicted mean QTcF change (upper bound of the 95% CI) was 5.30 (6.24) msec for the therapeutic 100-mg QD dose; at supratherapeutic concentrations (40% and 100% increase over the therapeutic Cmax), it was 7.42 (8.74) and 12.09 (14.25) msec, respectively. The relationship of glasdegib exposure and QTc was well characterized by the model. The effect of glasdegib on the QTc interval did not cross the threshold of clinical concern for an oncology drug.
Understanding angular momentum transport in red giants: the case of KIC 7341231
Creators: name: Ceillier, T.
name: Eggenberger, P.
name: García, R. A.
name: Mathis, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Context. Thanks to recent asteroseismic observations, it has been possible to infer the radial differential rotation profile of subgiants and red giants. Aims. We want to reproduce through modeling the observed rotation profile of the early red giant KIC 7341231 and constrain the physical mechanisms responsible for angular momentum transport in stellar interiors. Methods. We compute models of KIC 7341231 including a treatment of shellular rotation and we compare the rotation profiles obtained with the one derived by Deheuvels et al. (2012). We then modify some modeling parameters in order to quantify their effect on the obtained rotation profile. Moreover, we mimic a powerful angular momentum transport during the Main Sequence and study its effect on the evolution of the rotation profile during the subgiant and red giant phases. Results. We show that meridional circulation and shear mixing alone produce a rotation profile for KIC 7341231 too steep compared to the observed one. An additional mechanism is then needed to increase the internal transport of angular momentum. We find that this undetermined mechanism has to be efficient not only during the Main Sequence but also during the much quicker subgiant phase. Moreover, we point out the importance of studying the whole rotational history of a star in order to explain its rotation profile during the red giant evolution.
description: 8 pages, 8 figures, 5 tables
OS CURSOS JURÍDICOS
Creators: name: Pavao Santana, Jose Claudio
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: Ano 11 – N. 46/2023 https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8311585

A fundação dos cursos jurídicos no Brasil é comemorado hoje, dia 11 de agosto.

Formalmente a criação se dá em 1827, mas sua proposição já data dos debates da

Assembleia Constituinte de 1823. Foram criados os cursos de São Paulo e Olinda, depois transferido para o Recife.
Ekpyrotic loop quantum cosmology
Creators: name: Wilson-Ewing, Edward
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the ekpyrotic paradigm in the context of loop quantum cosmology. In loop quantum cosmology the classical big-bang singularity is resolved due to quantum gravity effects, and so the contracting ekpyrotic branch of the universe and its later expanding phase are connected by a smooth bounce. Thus, it is possible to explicitly determine the evolution of scalar perturbations, from the contracting ekpyrotic phase through the bounce and to the post-bounce expanding epoch. The possibilities of having either one or two scalar fields have been suggested for the ekpyrotic universe, and both cases will be considered here. In the case of a single scalar field, the constant mode of the curvature perturbations after the bounce is found to have a blue spectrum. On the other hand, for the two scalar field ekpyrotic model where scale-invariant entropy perturbations source additional terms in the curvature perturbations, the power spectrum in the post-bounce expanding cosmology is shown to be nearly scale-invariant and so agrees with observations.
description: 11 pages, v2: Clarifications and references added
MULTIDISCIPLINARY APPROACHES IN SOCIAL SCIENCES, EDUCATION & LANGUAGES (VOL-10)
Creators: name: PANDEY, SHIVAM
Publisher: name: RED'SHINE PUBLICATION PVT. LTD
Year: 2023
Subjects: MULTIDISCIPLINARY APPROACHES IN SOCIAL SCIENCES, EDUCATION & LANGUAGES (VOL-10)

description: Edited Peer Reviewed Book on MULTIDISCIPLINARY APPROACHES IN SOCIAL SCIENCES, EDUCATION & LANGUAGES (VOL-10)
New financial ratios based on the compositional data methodology
Creators: name: Linares-Mustarós, Salvador
name: Farreras-Noguer, Maria Àngels
name: Arimany-Serrat, Núria
name: Coenders, Germà
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Statistical Finance (q-fin.ST)
subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 62P05, 91B99, 62F35, 62H99

description: Due to their type of mathematical construction, the use of standard financial ratios in studies analysing the financial health of a group of firms leads to a series of statistical problems that can invalidate the results obtained. These problems are originated by the asymmetry of financial ratios. The present article justifies the use of a new methodology using compositional data (CoDa) to analyse the financial statements of a sector, improving analyses using conventional ratios since the new methodology enables statistical techniques to be applied without encountering any serious drawbacks such as skewness and outliers, and without the results depending on the arbitrary choice as to which of the accounting figures is the numerator of the ratio and which is the denominator. An example with data of the wine sector is provided. The results show that when using CoDa, outliers and skewness are much reduced and results are invariant to numerator and denominator permutation.
On the dynamical stability of the proposed planetary system orbiting NSVS 14256825
Creators: name: Wittenmyer, Robert A.
name: Horner, Jonathan
name: Marshall, Jonathan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a detailed dynamical analysis of the orbital stability of the two circumbinary planets recently proposed to orbit the evolved eclipsing binary star system NSVS 14256825. As is the case for other recently proposed circumbinary planetary systems detected through the timing of mutual eclipses between the central binary stars, the proposed planets do not stand up to dynamical scrutiny. The proposed orbits for the two planets are extremely unstable on timescales of less than a thousand years, regardless of the mutual inclination between the planetary orbits. For the scenario where the planetary orbits are coplanar, a small region of moderate stability was observed, featuring orbits that were somewhat protected from destabilisation by the influence of mutual 2:1 mean-motion resonance between the orbits of the planets. Even in this stable region, however, the systems tested typically only survived on timescales of order 1 million years, far shorter than the age of the system. Our results suggest that, if there are planets in the NSVS 14256825 system, they must move on orbits dramatically different to those proposed in the discovery work. More observations are clearly critically required in order to constrain the nature of the suggested orbital bodies.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Towards a New Generation of Monolithic Active Pixel Sensors
Creators: name: Chauhan, Ankur
name: Viera, Manuel Del Rio
name: Eckstein, Doris
name: Feindt, Finn
name: Gregor, Ingrid-Maria
name: Hansen, Karsten
name: Huth, Lennart
name: Mendes, Larissa
name: Mulyanto, Budi
name: Rastorguev, Daniil
name: Reckleben, Christian
name: Daza, Sara Ruiz
name: Schütze, Paul
name: Simancas, Adriana
name: Spannagel, Simon
name: Stanitzki, Marcel
name: Velyka, Anastasiia
name: Vignola, Gianpiero
name: Wennlöf, Håkan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A new generation of Monolithic Active Pixel Sensors (MAPS), produced in a 65 nm CMOS imaging process, promises higher densities of on-chip circuits and, for a given pixel size, more sophisticated in-pixel logic compared to larger feature size processes. MAPS are a cost-effective alternative to hybrid pixel sensors since flip-chip bonding is not required. In addition, they allow for significant reductions of the material budget of detector systems, due to the smaller physical thicknesses of the active sensor and the absence of a separate readout chip. The TANGERINE project develops a sensor suitable for future Higgs factories as well as for a beam telescope to be used at beam-test facilities. The sensors will have small collection electrodes (order of $μ$m) to maximize the signal-to-noise ratio, which makes it possible to minimize power dissipation in the circuitry. The first batch of test chips, featuring full front-end amplifiers with Krummenacher feedback, was produced and tested at the Mainzer Mikrotron (MAMI) at the end of 2021. MAMI provides an electron beam with currents up to 100 $μ$A and an energy of 855 MeV. The analog output signal of the test chips was recorded with a high bandwidth oscilloscope and used to study the charge-sensitive amplifier of the chips in terms of waveform analysis. A beam telescope was used as a reference system to allow for track-based analysis of the recorded data.
description: 3 pages, 2 figures, presented at 15th Pisa Meeting on Advanced Detectors
The conditional entropy power inequality for Gaussian quantum states
Creators: name: Koenig, Robert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a generalization of the quantum entropy power inequality involving conditional entropies. For the special case of Gaussian states, we give a proof based on perturbation theory for symplectic spectra. We discuss some implications for entanglement-assisted classical communication over additive bosonic noise channels.
description: 27 pages, 4 figures
The Holy Bible, Conteyning the Old Testament, and the New: Newly Translated out of the originall tongues &... revised, by his Maiesties speciall Comandement
Creators: name: (:Unav)
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2017

description: The King James version, or the "Authorized" version of the English Bible was made by a team of translators appointed by James I. It was first published in this edition of 1611 and remained the standard English Bible until the nineteenth century. This copy, with a contemporary English binding, is one of the treasures of the Burke Library's Thompson Collection.
Asymptotic and measured large frequency separations
Creators: name: Mosser, B.
name: Michel, E.
name: Belkacem, K.
name: Goupil, M. J.
name: Baglin, A.
name: Barban, C.
name: Provost, J.
name: Samadi, R.
name: Auvergne, M.
name: Catala, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: With the space-borne missions CoRoT and Kepler, a large amount of asteroseismic data is now available. So-called global oscillation parameters are inferred to characterize the large sets of stars, to perform ensemble asteroseismology, and to derive scaling relations. The mean large separation is such a key parameter. It is therefore crucial to measure it with the highest accuracy. As the conditions of measurement of the large separation do not coincide with its theoretical definition, we revisit the asymptotic expressions used for analysing the observed oscillation spectra. Then, we examine the consequence of the difference between the observed and asymptotic values of the mean large separation. The analysis is focused on radial modes. We use series of radial-mode frequencies to compare the asymptotic and observational values of the large separation. We propose a simple formulation to correct the observed value of the large separation and then derive its asymptotic counterpart. We prove that, apart from glitches due to stellar structure discontinuities, the asymptotic expansion is valid from main-sequence stars to red giants. Our model shows that the asymptotic offset is close to 1/4, as in the theoretical development. High-quality solar-like oscillation spectra derived from precise photometric measurements are definitely better described with the second-order asymptotic expansion. The second-order term is responsible for the curvature observed in the échelle diagrams used for analysing the oscillation spectra and this curvature is responsible for the difference between the observed and asymptotic values of the large separation. Taking it into account yields a revision of the scaling relations providing more accurate asteroseismic estimates of the stellar mass and radius.
description: accepted in A&A
Wetlands deuterium supplement from The impact of spatially varying wetland source signatures on the atmospheric variability of δD-CH4
Creators: name: Stell, Angharad C.
name: Douglas, Peter M. J.
name: Rigby, Matthew
name: Ganesan, Anita L.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Atmospheric Sciences
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 40199 Atmospheric Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: We present the first spatially resolved distribution of the δD-CH4 signature of wetland methane emissions and assess its impact on atmospheric δD-CH4. The δD-CH4 signature map is derived by relating δD-H2O of precipitation to measured δD-CH4 of methane wetland emissions at a variety of wetland types and locations. This results in a strong latitudinal variation in wetland δD-CH4 source signatures. When δD-CH4 is simulated in a global atmospheric model, little difference is found in global mean, inter-hemispheric difference, and seasonal cycle if the spatially varying δD-CH4 source signature distribution is used instead of a globally uniform value. This is because atmospheric δD-CH4 is largely controlled by OH fractionation. However, we show that despite these small differences, using atmospheric records of δD-CH4 to infer changes in wetland emissions distribution requires the use of the more accurate spatially varying δD-CH4 source signatures. We find that models will only be sensitive to changes in emissions distribution if spatial information can be exploited through the spatially resolved source signatures. In addition, we also find that on a regional scale, at sites measuring excursions of δD-CH4 from background levels, substantial differences are simulated in atmospheric δD-CH4 if using spatially varying or uniform source signatures.This article is part of a discussion meeting issue ‘Rising methane: is warming feeding warming? (Part 1)’.
Discovery of one neutron star candidate from radial velocity monitoring
Creators: name: Yuan, Hailong
name: Wang, Song
name: Bai, Zhongrui
name: Wang, Yue
name: Dong, Yiqiao
name: Wang, Mengxin
name: Yu, Sicheng
name: Zhao, Yongheng
name: Chu, Yaoquan
name: Liu, Jifeng
name: Zhang, Haotong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the discovery of one possible neutron star binary ($P_{\rm orb} =$ 0.8666 day) by using the LAMOST low-resolution spectroscopic data. The visible companion is a late A-type dwarf ($T_{\rm eff} = 7900 \pm 200$ K; log$g$ $=$ 4.3$\pm$0.2; $M =$ 1.7$\pm$0.1 M$_{\odot}$; $R\ =\ 1.7\pm0.2$ R$_{\odot}$), at a distance of 1.11$\pm0.03$ kpc. No double-lined feature can be seen from the GTC/HORuS high-resolution spectra, thus the radial velocity variation indicates an invisible object hiding in the binary. The system's optical light curves show clear ellipsoidal variability, suggesting that the visible companion is tidal distorted. By fitting the multi-band light curves with the ELC and WD codes, we constrain the mass of the invisible star to be 1.1--1.3 M$_{\odot}$. Spectral disentangling shows no additional component with optical absorption spectra, supporting the system contains one compact object. No X-ray or UV emission are detected in the ROSAT archive observations. Therefore, we suspect the invisible object is more likely a neutron star rather than a white dwarf. Our finding suggests the ability of LAMOST spectroscopic survey to discover X-ray quiescent compact objects.
description: 16 pages, 9 figures
Characterizing vortex beam with angular-double-slit interference
Creators: name: Liu, Ruifeng
name: Long, Junling
name: Wang, Feiran
name: Wang, Yunlong
name: Zhang, Pei
name: Gao, Hong
name: Li, Fuli
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Fraunhofer diffraction intensity distribution of Laguerre-Gaussian beam is studied in an angular-double-slit interferometer. We demonstrate that the spiral phase structure of vortex light can be clearly revealed in this interference geometry, and it gives us an efficient way to distinguish different order of Laguerre-Gaussian beams. This angular-double-slit interference gives us a better understanding to the nature of orbital angular momentum and the interpretation of vortex beams interference phenomenon.
description: 4 pages, 5 figures
Visibility and Well-Being in School Environments: Children’s Reflections on the “New Normal” of Teaching and Learning during the Covid-19 Pandemic
Creators: name: Fegter, Susann
name: Kost, Miriam
Publisher: name: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 100 Philosophie und Psychologie::150 Psychologie::150 Psychologie
subject: child well-being
subject: children’s perspectives
subject: school well-being
subject: visibility
subject: Covid-19 pandemic
subject: digitization
subject: distance learning

description: This paper aims to contribute to the theory on school-related well-being by applying a qualitative approach that focuses on children’s experiences during the Covid-19 pandemic and conceptualizes them as an epistemic opportunity to reconstruct aspects of school-related well-being from children’s perspectives. Within the framework of the multinational qualitative study Children’s Understandings of Well-being (CUWB), it conceptualizes well-being as a cultural construct and argues for including children’s voices in the process of knowledge production. By drawing on statements from online interviews with 11- to 14-year-old children from Berlin, Germany in spring 2021 during school lockdown and by using a discourse analytical approach, the paper outlines the findings on visibility as a central feature of well-being in school environments that children make relevant for experiences of agency, security, and self. Visibility in school is constructed as a medium of control that subjects their bodies to norms of the school, exposes the individual to the gaze of others, and provides security in the context of the digital sphere and its temptations. The paper argues to systematically include these reflections and assessments of new digital learning arrangements during the Covid-19 pandemic into theoretical concepts on school-related well-being.
Propagation of galactic cosmic rays in the presence of self-generated turbulence
Creators: name: Aloisio, R.
name: Blasi, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Cosmic rays propagating in the Galaxy may excite a streaming instability when their motion is super-alfvenic, thereby producing the conditions for their own diffusion. In this paper we present the results of a self-consistent solution of the transport equation where diffusion occurs because of the self-generated turbulence together with a pre-existing turbulence injected, for instance, by supernova explosions and cascading to smaller scales. All chemicals are included in our calculations, so that we are able to show the secondary to primary ratios in addition to the spectra of the individual elements. All predictions appear to be in good agreement with observations. The fact that data are explained with no need for artificial breaks in the injection spectrum and/or in the diffusion coefficient as functions of momentum can be interpreted as a strong indication that the phenomenon proposed here is in fact being observed in Nature. We also show that there is very good agreement between the calculated proton spectrum and the cosmic ray spectrum inferred from observations of the gamma ray emission from clouds in the Gould's belt.
description: 24 pages, 9 figures
Fast broadband cluster spin-glass dynamics in PbFe$_{1/2}$Nb$_{1/2}$O$_{3}$
Creators: name: Stock, C.
name: Roessli, B.
name: Gehring, P. M.
name: Rodriguez-Rivera, J. A.
name: Giles-Donovan, N.
name: Cochran, S.
name: Xu, G.
name: Manuel, P.
name: Gutmann, M. J.
name: Ratcliff, W. D.
name: Fennell, T.
name: Su, Y.
name: Li, X.
name: Luo, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: PbFe$_{1/2}$Nb$_{1/2}$O$_{3}$ (PFN) is a relaxor ferroelectric (T$_{c}$ $\sim$ 400 K) consisting of disordered magnetic Fe$^{3+}$ (S=${5\over2}$, L$\approx$0) ions resulting in a low temperature ``cluster glass" phase (W. Kleemann $\textit{et al.}$ Phys. Rev. Lett. ${\bf{105}}$, 257202 (2010)). We apply neutron scattering to investigate the dynamic magnetism of this phase in a large single crystal which displays a low temperature spin glass transition (T$_{g} \sim$ 15 K), but no observable spatially long-range antiferromagnetic order. The static response in the cluster glass phase (sampled on the timescale set by our resolution) is found to be characterized by an average magnetic spin direction that lacks any preferred direction. The dynamics that drive this phase are defined by a magnetic correlation length that gradually increases with decreasing temperature. However, below $\sim$ 50 K the spatial correlations gradually becoming more short range indicative of increasing disorder on cooling, thereby unravelling magnetism, until the low temperature glass phase sets in at T$_{g}$ $\sim$ 15 K. Neutron spectroscopy is used to characterize the spin fluctuations in the cluster glass phase and are found to be defined by a broadband of frequencies on the scale of $\sim$ THz, termed here ``fast" fluctuations. The frequency bandwidth driving the magnetic fluctuations mimics the correlation length and decreases until $\sim$ 50 K, and then increases again until the glass transition. Through investigating the low-energy acoustic phonons we find evidence of multiple distinct structural regions which form the basis of the clusters, generating a significant amount of local disorder. We suggest that random molecular fields originating from conflicting interactions between clusters is important for the destruction of magnetic order and the eventual formation of the cluster glass in PFN.
description: 17 pages, 16 figures, to be published in Phys. Rev. B