cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Challenges Porting a C++ Template-Metaprogramming Abstraction Layer to Directive-based Offloading
Creators: name: Kelling, Jeffrey
name: Bastrakov, Sergei
name: Debus, Alexander
name: Kluge, Thomas
name: Leinhauser, Matt
name: Pausch, Richard
name: Steiniger, Klaus
name: Stephan, Jan
name: Widera, René
name: Young, Jeff
name: Bussmann, Michael
name: Chandrasekaran, Sunita
name: Juckeland, Guido
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Programming Languages (cs.PL)
subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: D.1.3; D.2.1; D.3.3

description: HPC systems employ a growing variety of compute accelerators with different architectures and from different vendors. Large scientific applications are required to run efficiently across these systems but need to retain a single code-base in order to not stifle development. Directive-based offloading programming models set out to provide the required portability, but, to existing codes, they themselves represent yet another API to port to. Here, we present our approach of porting the GPU-accelerated particle-in-cell code PIConGPU to OpenACC and OpenMP target by adding two new backends to its existing C++-template metaprogramming-based offloading abstraction layer alpaka and avoiding other modifications to the application code. We introduce our approach in the face of conflicts between requirements and available features in the standards as well as practical hurdles posed by immature compiler support.
description: 20 pages, 1 figure, 3 tables, WACCPD@SC21
Coordination and equilibrium selection in games: the role of local effects
Creators: name: Raducha, Tomasz
name: Miguel, Maxi San
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: Computer Science and Game Theory (cs.GT)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We study the role of local effects and finite size effects in reaching coordination and in equilibrium selection in different types of two-player coordination games. We investigate three update rules -- the replicator dynamics (RD), the best response (BR), and the unconditional imitation (UI) -- for coordination games on random graphs. Local effects turn out to me significantly more important for the UI update rule. For the pure coordination game with two equivalent strategies we find a transition from a disordered state to a state of full coordination for a critical value of the network connectivity. The transition is system-size-independent for the BR and RD update rules. For the IU update rule it is system size dependent, but coordination can always be reached below the connectivity of a complete graph. We also consider the general coordination game which covers a range of games, such as the stag hunt. For these games there is a payoff-dominant strategy and a risk-dominant strategy with associated states of equilibrium coordination. We analyse equilibrium selection analytically and numerically. For the RD and BR update rules mean-field predictions agree with simulations and the risk-dominant strategy is evolutionary favoured independently of local effects. When players use the unconditional imitation, however, we observe coordination in the payoff-dominant strategy. Surprisingly, the selection of pay-off dominant equilibrium only occurs below a critical value of the network connectivity and it disappears in complete graphs. As we show, it is a combination of local effects and update rule that allows for coordination on the payoff-dominant strategy.
description: 17 pages, 9 figures
Predicting Energetics of Supramolecular Systems Using the XDM Dispersion Model
Creators: name: Otero de la Roza, Alberto
name: Johnson, Erin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 340701
subject: Computational chemistry
classificationCode: 340704
subject: Theoretical quantum chemistry

description: In this article, we examine the ability of the exchange-hole dipole moment (XDM) model of dispersion to treat large supramolecular systems. We benchmark several XDM-corrected functionals on the S12L set proposed by Grimme, which comprises large dispersion-bound host−guest systems, for which back-corrected experimental and Quantum Monte Carlo (QMC) reference data are available. PBE-XDM coupled with the relatively economical and eﬃcient pc-2-spd basis set gives excellent statistics (mean absolute error (MAE) = 1.5 kcal/mol), below the deviation between experimental and QMC data. When compared only to the (more accurate) QMC results, PBE-XDM/pc-2-spd (MAE = 1.2 kcal/mol) outperforms all other dispersion-corrected DFT results in the literature, including PBE-dDsC/QZ4P (6.2 kcal/mol), PBE-NL/def2-QZVP (4.7 kcal/mol), PBE-D2/def2-QZVP′ (3.5 kcal/mol), PBE-D3/def2-QZVP′(2.3 kcal/mol), M06-L/def2-QZVP (1.9 kcal/mol), and PBE-MBD (1.8 kcal/mol), with no signiﬁcant bias (mean error (ME) = 0.04 kcal/mol). PBE-XDM/pc-2-spd gives binding energies relatively close to the complete basis-set limit and does not necessitate the use of counterpoise corrections, which facilitates its use. The dipole−quadrupole and quadrupole−quadrupole pairwise dispersion terms (C8 and C10) are critical for the correct description of the dimers. XDM-corrected functionals diﬀerent from PBE that work well for small dimers do not yield good accuracy for the large supramolecular systems in the S12L, presenting errors that scale linearly with the dispersion contribution to the binding energy.
PERLE: Powerful Energy Recovery Linac for Experiments - Conceptual Design Report
Creators: name: Angal-Kalinin, D.
name: Arduini, G.
name: Auchmann, B.
name: Bernauer, J.
name: Bogacz, A.
name: Bordry, F.
name: Bousson, S.
name: Bracco, C.
name: Brüning, O.
name: Calaga, R.
name: Cassou, K.
name: Chetvertkova, V.
name: Cormier, E.
name: Daly, E.
name: Douglas, D.
name: Dupraz, K.
name: Goddard, B.
name: Henry, J.
name: Hutton, A.
name: Jensen, E.
name: Kaabi, W.
name: Klein, M.
name: Kostka, P.
name: Marhauser, F.
name: Martens, A.
name: Milanese, A.
name: Militsyn, B.
name: Peinaud, Y.
name: Pellegrini, D.
name: Pietralla, N.
name: Pupkov, Y. A.
name: Rimmer, R. A.
name: Schirm, K.
name: Schulte, D.
name: Smith, S.
name: Stocchi, A.
name: Valloni, A.
name: Welsch, C.
name: Willering, G.
name: Wollmann, D.
name: Zimmermann, F.
name: Zomer, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A conceptual design is presented of a novel ERL facility for the development and application of the energy recovery technique to linear electron accelerators in the multi-turn, large current and large energy regime. The main characteristics of the powerful energy recovery linac experiment facility (PERLE) are derived from the design of the Large Hadron electron Collider, an electron beam upgrade under study for the LHC, for which it would be the key demonstrator. PERLE is thus projected as a facility to investigate efficient, high current (> 10 mA) ERL operation with three re-circulation passages through newly designed SCRF cavities, at 801.58 MHz frequency, and following deceleration over another three re-circulations. In its fully equipped configuration, PERLE provides an electron beam of approximately 1 GeV energy. A physics programme possibly associated with PERLE is sketched, consisting of high precision elastic electron-proton scattering experiments, as well as photo-nuclear reactions of unprecedented intensities with up to 30 MeV photon beam energy as may be obtained using Fabry-Perot cavities. The facility has further applications as a general technology test bed that can investigate and validate novel superconducting magnets (beam induced quench tests) and superconducting RF structures (structure tests with high current beams, beam loading and transients). Besides a chapter on operation aspects, the report contains detailed considerations on the choices for the SCRF structure, optics and lattice design, solutions for arc magnets, source and injector and on further essential components. A suitable configuration derived from the here presented design concept may next be moved forward to a technical design and possibly be built by an international collaboration which is being established.
description: 112 pages, 63 figures
AGN variability in the age of VRO
Creators: name: Creque-Sarbinowski, Cyril
name: Kamionkowski, Marc
name: Zhou, Bei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Over the next ten years, the Vera C.\ Rubin Observatory (VRO) will observe $\sim$10 million active galactic nuclei (AGN) with a regular and high cadence. During this time, the intensities of most of these AGN will fluctuate stochastically. Here, we explore the prospects to quantify precisely these fluctuations with VRO measurements of AGN light curves. To do so, we suppose that each light curve is described by a damped random walk with a given fluctuation amplitude and correlation time. Theoretical arguments and some current measurements suggest that the correlation timescale and fluctuation amplitude for each AGN may be correlated with other observables. We use an expected-information analysis to calculate the precision with which these parameters will be inferred from the measured light curves. We find that the measurements will be so precise as to allow the AGN to be separated into up to $\sim 10$ different correlation-timescale bins. We then show that if the correlation time varies as some power of the luminosity, the normalization and power-law index of that relation will be determined to $\mathcal{O}(10^{-4}\%)$. These results suggest that with VRO, precisely measured variability parameters will take their place alongside spectroscopy in the detailed characterization of individual AGN and in the study of AGN population statistics. Analogous analyses will be enabled by other time-domain projects, such as CMB-S4.
description: 9 pages, 8 figures
Data intensive physics analysis in Azure cloud
Creators: name: Sfiligoi, Igor
name: Würthwein, Frank
name: Davila, Diego
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The Compact Muon Solenoid (CMS) experiment at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) is one of the largest data producers in the scientific world, with standard data products centrally produced, and then used by often competing teams within the collaboration. This work is focused on how a local institution, University of California San Diego (UCSD), partnered with the Open Science Grid (OSG) to use Azure cloud resources to augment its available computing to accelerate time to results for multiple analyses pursued by a small group of collaborators. The OSG is a federated infrastructure allowing many independent resource providers to serve many independent user communities in a transparent manner. Historically the resources would come from various research institutions, spanning small universities to large HPC centers, based on either community needs or grant allocations, so adding commercial clouds as resource providers is a natural evolution. The OSG technology allows for easy integration of cloud resources, but the data-intensive nature of CMS compute jobs required the deployment of additional data caching infrastructure to ensure high efficiency.
description: 11 pages, 5 figures, to be published in proceedings of ICOCBI 2021
In situ Characterization of Nanoparticles Using Rayleigh Scattering
Creators: name: Santra, Biswajit
name: Shneider, Mikhail N.
name: Car, Roberto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Atomic and Molecular Clusters (physics.atm-clus)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report a theoretical analysis showing that Rayleigh scattering could be used to monitor the growth of nanoparticles under arc discharge conditions. We compute the Rayleigh scattering cross sections of the nanoparticles by combining light scattering theory for gas-particle mixtures with calculations of the dynamic electronic polarizability of the nanoparticles. We find that the resolution of the Rayleigh scattering probe is adequate to detect nanoparticles as small as C60 at the expected concentrations of synthesis conditions in the arc periphery. Larger asymmetric nanoparticles would yield brighter signals, making possible to follow the evolution of the growing nanoparticle population from the evolution of the scattered intensity. Observable spectral features include characteristic resonant behaviour, shape-dependent depolarization ratio, and mass-dependent line shape. Direct observation of nanoparticles in the early stages of growth with unobtrusive laser probes should give insight on the particle formation mechanisms and may lead to better-controlled synthesis protocols.
Earth rotation parameter estimation from LLR and impact of non-tidal station loading
Creators: name: Singh, Vishwa Vijay
name: Biskupek, Liliane
name: Müller, Jürgen
name: Zhang, Mingyue
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: LLR measures the distance between observatories on Earth and retro-reflectors on Moon since 1969. In this paper, we estimate the Earth Rotation Parameters (ERP; terrestrial pole offsets, $x_p$ and $y_p$, and Earth rotation phase, $Δ$UT) using LLR data. We estimate the values of $Δ$UT, and the pole offsets separately. For the pole offsets, we estimate the values of $x_p$ and $y_p$ together and separately. Overall, the uncertainties of ERP from the new LLR data (after 2000.0) have significantly improved, staying less than 20 $μ$s for $Δ$UT, less than 2.5 mas for $x_p$, and less than 3 mas for $y_p$ for nights selected from subsets of the LLR time series which have 10 and 15 normal points obtained per night. Furthermore, we add the non-tidal loading effect provided by the IMLS, as observation level corrections of the LLR observatories in the analysis. This effect causes deformations of the Earth surface up to the centimetre level. Its addition in the Institute of Geodesy (IfE) LLR model, leads to a marginal improvement in the uncertainties (3-$σ$ values) of about 1% for both, $Δ$UT and the pole offsets.
description: 15 pages
Well posedness and Maximum Entropy Approximation for the Dynamics of Quantitative Traits
Creators: name: Bodova, Katarina
name: Haskovec, Jan
name: Markowich, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We study the Fokker-Planck equation derived in the large system limit of the Markovian process describing the dynamics of quantitative traits. The Fokker-Planck equation is posed on a bounded domain and its transport and diffusion coefficients vanish on the domain's boundary. We first argue that, despite this degeneracy, the standard no-flux boundary condition is valid. We derive the weak formulation of the problem and prove the existence and uniqueness of its solutions by constructing the corresponding contraction semigroup on a suitable function space. Then, we prove that for the parameter regime with high enough mutation rate the problem exhibits a positive spectral gap, which implies exponential convergence to equilibrium. Next, we provide a simple derivation of the so-called Dynamic Maximum Entropy (DynMaxEnt) method for approximation of moments of the Fokker-Planck solution, which can be interpreted as a nonlinear Galerkin approximation. The limited applicability of the DynMaxEnt method inspires us to introduce its modified version that is valid for the whole range of admissible parameters. Finally, we present several numerical experiments to demonstrate the performance of both the original and modified DynMaxEnt methods. We observe that in the parameter regimes where both methods are valid, the modified one exhibits slightly better approximation properties compared to the original one.
description: 28 pages, 4 tables, 5 figures
Optimization Solution Functions as Deterministic Policies for Offline Reinforcement Learning
Creators: name: Khattar, Vanshaj
name: Jin, Ming
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Offline reinforcement learning (RL) is a promising approach for many control applications but faces challenges such as limited data coverage and value function overestimation. In this paper, we propose an implicit actor-critic (iAC) framework that employs optimization solution functions as a deterministic policy (actor) and a monotone function over the optimal value of optimization as a critic. By encoding optimality in the actor policy, we show that the learned policies are robust to the suboptimality of the learned actor parameters via the exponentially decaying sensitivity (EDS) property. We obtain performance guarantees for the proposed iAC framework and show its benefits over general function approximation schemes. Finally, we validate the proposed framework on two real-world applications and show a significant improvement over state-of-the-art (SOTA) offline RL methods.
description: American Control Conference 2024
AutoPatch: Automated Generation of Hotpatches for Real-Time Embedded Devices
Creators: name: Salehi, Mohsen
name: Pattabiraman, Karthik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Real-time embedded devices like medical or industrial devices are increasingly targeted by cyber-attacks. Prompt patching is crucial to mitigate the serious consequences of such attacks on these devices. Hotpatching is an approach to apply a patch to mission-critical embedded devices without rebooting them. However, existing hotpatching approaches require developers to manually write the hotpatch for target systems, which is time-consuming and error-prone.
 To address these issues, we propose AutoPatch, a new hotpatching technique that automatically generates functionally equivalent hotpatches via static analysis of the official patches. AutoPatch introduces a new software triggering approach that supports diverse embedded devices, and preserves the functionality of the official patch. In contrast to prior work, AutoPatch does not rely on hardware support for triggering patches, or on executing patches in specialized virtual machines. We implemented AutoPatch using the LLVM compiler, and evaluated its efficiency, effectiveness and generality using 62 real CVEs on four embedded devices with different specifications and architectures running popular RTOSes. We found that AutoPatch can fix more than 90% of CVEs, and resolve the vulnerability successfully. The results revealed an average total delay of less than 12.7 $μs$ for fixing the vulnerabilities, representing a performance improvement of 50% over RapidPatch, a state-of-the-art approach. Further, our memory overhead, on average, was slightly lower than theirs (23%). Finally, AutoPatch was able to generate hotpatches for all four devices without any modifications.
description: 17 pages , 5 figures and accepted in ACM CCS conference
Constraints on Nonmetricity from Bounds on Lorentz Violation
Creators: name: Foster, Joshua
name: Kostelecky, Alan
name: Xu, Rui
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Spacetime nonmetricity can be studied experimentally through its couplings to fermions and photons. We use recent high-precision searches for Lorentz violation to deduce first constraints involving the 40 independent nonmetricity components down to levels of order $10^{-43}$ GeV.
description: 13 pages
Non-perturbative phenomena in jet modification
Creators: name: Moore, Guy D.
name: Schlichting, Soeren
name: Schlusser, Niels
name: Soudi, Ismail
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The interaction of a jet with the medium created in heavy-ion collisions is not yet fully understood from a QCD perspective. This is mainly due to the non-perturbative nature of this interaction which affects both transverse jet momentum broadening and jet quenching. We discuss how lattice simulations of Electrostatic QCD, can be matched to full, four dimensional QCD, to determine non-perturbative contributions to the momentum broadening kernel. We determine the momentum broadening kernel in impact parameter and momentum space and finally show how these results can be used in phenomenological calculations of in-medium splitting rates.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures, contribution to the proceedings of "A Virtual Tribute to Quark Confinement and the Hadron Spectrum 2021", Aug. 2-6, 2021
Error-Mitigated Quantum Metrology via Virtual Purification
Creators: name: Yamamoto, Kaoru
name: Endo, Suguru
name: Hakoshima, Hideaki
name: Matsuzaki, Yuichiro
name: Tokunaga, Yuuki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum metrology with entangled resources aims to achieve sensitivity beyond the standard quantum limit by harnessing quantum effects even in the presence of environmental noise. So far, sensitivity has been mainly discussed from the viewpoint of reducing statistical errors under the assumption of perfect knowledge of a noise model. However, we cannot always obtain complete information about a noise model due to coherence time fluctuations, which are frequently observed in experiments. Such unknown fluctuating noise leads to systematic errors and nullifies the quantum advantages. Here, we propose an error-mitigated quantum metrology that can filter out unknown fluctuating noise with the aid of purification-based quantum error mitigation. We demonstrate that our protocol mitigates systematic errors and recovers superclassical scaling in a practical situation with time-inhomogeneous bias-inducing noise. Our results reveal the usefulness of purification-based error mitigation for unknown fluctuating noise, thus paving the way not only for practical quantum metrology but also for quantum computation affected by such noise.
description: 6+11 pages, 3+4 figures, close to the published version
User Assistance Characteristics of the USE Model Checking Tool
Creators: name: Hilken, Frank
name: Gogolla, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The Unified Modeling Language (UML) is a widely used general purpose modeling language. Together with the Object Constraint Language (OCL), formal models can be described by defining the structure and behavior with UML and additional OCL constraints. In the development process for formal models, it is important to make sure that these models are (a) correct, i.e. consistent and complete, and (b) testable in the sense that the developer is able to interactively check model properties. The USE tool (UML-based Specification Environment) allows both characteristics to be studied. We demonstrate how the tool supports modelers to analyze, validate and verify UML and OCL models via the use of several graphical means that assist the modeler in interpreting and visualizing formal model descriptions. In particular, we discuss how the so-called USE model validator plugin is integrated into the USE environment in order to allow non domain experts to use it and construct object models that help to verify properties like model consistency.
description: In Proceedings F-IDE 2016, arXiv:1701.07925
Enhancement of a state-of-the-art RL-based detection algorithm for Massive MIMO radars
Creators: name: Lisi, Francesco
name: Fortunati, Stefano
name: Greco, Maria Sabrina
name: Gini, Fulvio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: In the present work, a reinforcement learning (RL) based adaptive algorithm to optimise the transmit beampattern for a colocated massive MIMO radar is presented. Under the massive MIMO regime, a robust Wald type detector, able to guarantee certain detection performances under a wide range of practical disturbance models, has been recently proposed. Furthermore, an RL/cognitive methodology has been exploited to improve the detection performance by learning and interacting with the surrounding unknown environment. Building upon previous findings, we develop here a fully adaptive and data driven scheme for the selection of the hyper-parameters involved in the RL algorithm. Such an adaptive selection makes the Wald RL based detector independent of any ad hoc, and potentially suboptimal, manual tuning of the hyper-parameters. Simulation results show the effectiveness of the proposed scheme in harsh scenarios with strong clutter and low SNR values.
The southern leading and trailing wraps of the Sagittarius tidal stream around the globular cluster Whiting1
Creators: name: Carballo-Bello, Julio A.
name: Corral-Santana, Jesus M.
name: Martinez-Delgado, David
name: Sollima, Antonio
name: Munoz, Ricardo R.
name: Cote, Patrick
name: Duffau, Sonia
name: Catelan, Marcio
name: Grebel, Eva K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a study of the kinematics of 101 stars observed with VIMOS around Whiting1, a globular cluster embedded in the Sagittarius tidal stream. The obtained velocity distribution shows the presence of two wraps of that halo substructure at the same heliocentric distance as that of the cluster and with well differentiated mean radial velocities. The most prominent velocity component seems to be associated with the trailing arm of Sagittarius with $$ ~ -130 km/s, which is consistent with the velocity of Whiting1. This result supports that this globular cluster was formed in Sagittarius and recently accreted by the Milky Way. The second component with $$ ~ 120 km/s might correspond to the leading arm of Sagittarius, which has been predicted by numerical simulations but with no conclusive observational evidence of its existence presented so far. This detection of the old leading wrap of Sagittarius in the southern hemisphere may be used to confirm and further constrain the models for its orbit and evolution.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS Letters
Stability Analysis of Static Spherical Spacetime in Extended Symmetric Teleparallel Gravity
Creators: name: Gul, M. Zeeshan
name: Sharif, M.
name: Arooj, Adeeba
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Our manuscript aims to analysis the viability and stability of anisotropic stellar objects in the modified symmetric teleparallel gravity. A particular model of this extended theory is considered to formulate explicit field equations which govern the interaction between matter and geometry. The configuration of static spherical symmetric structures is examined through the Finch-Skea solution. However, the values of unknown constants in the metric potentials are evaluated by the Darmois junction conditions. For the viability of proposed stellar objects, the physical parameters including density, pressure, anisotropy, mass, energy constraints, compactness function and redshift are analyzed. Furthermore, stability of the proposed stellar objects is investigated by causality condition, Herrera cracking approach and adiabatic index. Our findings indicate that the proposed stellar objects are viable as well as stable in the presence of correction terms.
description: 24 pages, 11 figures, Accepted
An evolutionary strategy for DeltaE - E identification
Creators: name: Schmidt, Katarzyna
name: Wyszynski, Oskar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this article we present an automatic method for charge and mass identification of charged nuclear fragments produced in heavy ion collisions at intermediate energies. The algorithm combines a generative model of DeltaE - E relation and a Covariance Matrix Adaptation Evolutionary Strategy (CMA-ES). The CMA-ES is a stochastic and derivative-free method employed to search parameter space of the model by means of a fitness function. The article describes details of the method along with results of an application on simulated labeled data.
Fate of Multiparticle Resonances: From $Q$-Balls to $^3$He Droplets
Creators: name: Son, Dam Thanh
name: Stephanov, Mikhail
name: Yee, Ho-Ung
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a system of $N$ nonrelativistic particles which form a near-threshold resonance. Assuming no subset of these particles can form a bound state, the resonance can only decay through an "explosion" into $N$ particles. We show that the decay width of the resonance scales as $E^{Δ-5/2}$ in the limit when the energy $E$ of the resonance goes to zero, where $Δ$ is the ground state energy of a system of $N$ particles in a spherical harmonic trap with unit frequency. The formula remains valid when some pairs of final particles have zero-energy $s$-wave resonance, but the Efimov effect is not present. In the limit of large $N$, we show that the final particles follow a Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution if they are bosons, and a semicircle-like law if they are fermions. We argue that metastable $^3$He droplets exist with the lifetime varying over many orders of magnitudes ranging from a fraction of a nanosecond to values greatly exceeding the age of the Universe.
description: 6 pages, 1 figure
Achieving the quantum field theory limit in far-from-equilibrium quantum link models
Creators: name: Halimeh, Jad C.
name: Van Damme, Maarten
name: Zache, Torsten V.
name: Banerjee, Debasish
name: Hauke, Philipp
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Realizations of gauge theories in setups of quantum synthetic matter open up the possibility of probing salient exotic phenomena in condensed matter and high-energy physics, along with potential applications in quantum information and science technologies. In light of the impressive ongoing efforts to achieve such realizations, a fundamental question regarding quantum link model regularizations of lattice gauge theories is how faithfully they capture the quantum field theory limit of gauge theories. Recent work [Zache, Van Damme, Halimeh, Hauke, and Banerjee, at https://journals.aps.org/prd/abstract/10.1103/PhysRevD.106.L091502 has shown through analytic derivations, exact diagonalization, and infinite matrix product state calculations that the low-energy physics of $1+1$D $\mathrm{U}(1)$ quantum link models approaches the quantum field theory limit already at small link spin length $S$. Here, we show that the approach to this limit also lends itself to the far-from-equilibrium quench dynamics of lattice gauge theories, as demonstrated by our numerical simulations of the Loschmidt return rate and the chiral condensate in infinite matrix product states, which work directly in the thermodynamic limit. Similar to our findings in equilibrium that show a distinct behavior between half-integer and integer link spin lengths, we find that criticality emerging in the Loschmidt return rate is fundamentally different between half-integer and integer spin quantum link models in the regime of strong electric-field coupling. Our results further affirm that state-of-the-art finite-size ultracold-atom and NISQ-device implementations of quantum link lattice gauge theories have the real potential to simulate their quantum field theory limit even in the far-from-equilibrium regime.
description: Accepted in Quantum
Atomic fluctuations lifting the energy degeneracy in Si/SiGe quantum dots
Creators: name: Wuetz, Brian Paquelet
name: Losert, Merritt P.
name: Koelling, Sebastian
name: Stehouwer, Lucas E. A.
name: Zwerver, Anne-Marije J.
name: Philips, Stephan G. J.
name: Mądzik, Mateusz T.
name: Xue, Xiao
name: Zheng, Guoji
name: Lodari, Mario
name: Amitonov, Sergey V.
name: Samkharadze, Nodar
name: Sammak, Amir
name: Vandersypen, Lieven M. K.
name: Rahman, Rajib
name: Coppersmith, Susan N.
name: Moutanabbir, Oussama
name: Friesen, Mark
name: Scappucci, Giordano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Electron spins in Si/SiGe quantum wells suffer from nearly degenerate conduction band valleys, which compete with the spin degree of freedom in the formation of qubits. Despite attempts to enhance the valley energy splitting deterministically, by engineering a sharp interface, valley splitting fluctuations remain a serious problem for qubit uniformity, needed to scale up to large quantum processors. Here, we elucidate and statistically predict the valley splitting by the holistic integration of 3D atomic-level properties, theory and transport. We find that the concentration fluctuations of Si and Ge atoms within the 3D landscape of Si/SiGe interfaces can explain the observed large spread of valley splitting from measurements on many quantum dot devices. Against the prevailing belief, we propose to boost these random alloy composition fluctuations by incorporating Ge atoms in the Si quantum well to statistically enhance valley splitting.
Making an Evolutionary-Based Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Expert System as a Marriage Counselor before Marriage with the Aim of Divorce Rate Reduction, Using Astrology Science
Creators: name: Mousavi, Seyed Muhammad Hossein
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 460204
subject: Fuzzy computation

description: Divorce rate is increasing around the globe. The result of such a phenomenon could be a criminal one for coming generations. Too many ways, to decrease this phenomenon, are employed during times and some of them lead to success and some of them to failure. By using expert systems, human errors reduce. In this paper a new way to divorce rate reduction is proposed. Combining astrology science with artificial intelligence techniques could make a decent automatic expert system for this purpose. The main idea is just to order everything based on couples’ birthday chart but according to Vedic astrology. Using such an expert system as an assistant or even replacement for family counsellor could have good effects. In this approach wealth and money and other things doesn’t matter and the only thing which matters is the way of thinking that is achievable through astrology. This expert system proposed three classes of “do marry” in the case of (+60 %) compatibility, “do not marry” in the case of (-40 %) compatibility and “marriage with caution” class in the case of (50 ± 10 %) compatibility. The data has been trained and tested with different Meta-heuristic optimization algorithms like (ACO, DE, PSO and GA) and neural network training methods like (Hybrid and back-propagation). Error factors like (MSE, RMSE, Error Mean and Error STD) are calculated for each one of these approaches as validation results. Very satisfactory results were achieved. Dream to a perfect life for all couples in the globe and decreasing divorce rate into zero
Mind-proofing Your Phone: Navigating the Digital Minefield with GreaseTerminator
Creators: name: Datta, Siddhartha
name: Kollnig, Konrad
name: Shadbolt, Nigel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Digital harms are widespread in the mobile ecosystem. As these devices gain ever more prominence in our daily lives, so too increases the potential for malicious attacks against individuals. The last line of defense against a range of digital harms - including digital distraction, political polarisation through hate speech, and children being exposed to damaging material - is the user interface. This work introduces GreaseTerminator to enable researchers to develop, deploy, and test interventions against these harms with end-users. We demonstrate the ease of intervention development and deployment, as well as the broad range of harms potentially covered with GreaseTerminator in five in-depth case studies.
description: Accepted in ACM IUI 2022
Reconstructing Compact Building Models from Point Clouds Using Deep Implicit Fields
Creators: name: Chen, Zhaiyu
name: Ledoux, Hugo
name: Khademi, Seyran
name: Nan, Liangliang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Graphics (cs.GR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: While three-dimensional (3D) building models play an increasingly pivotal role in many real-world applications, obtaining a compact representation of buildings remains an open problem. In this paper, we present a novel framework for reconstructing compact, watertight, polygonal building models from point clouds. Our framework comprises three components: (a) a cell complex is generated via adaptive space partitioning that provides a polyhedral embedding as the candidate set; (b) an implicit field is learned by a deep neural network that facilitates building occupancy estimation; (c) a Markov random field is formulated to extract the outer surface of a building via combinatorial optimization. We evaluate and compare our method with state-of-the-art methods in generic reconstruction, model-based reconstruction, geometry simplification, and primitive assembly. Experiments on both synthetic and real-world point clouds have demonstrated that, with our neural-guided strategy, high-quality building models can be obtained with significant advantages in fidelity, compactness, and computational efficiency. Our method also shows robustness to noise and insufficient measurements, and it can directly generalize from synthetic scans to real-world measurements. The source code of this work is freely available at https://github.com/chenzhaiyu/points2poly.
description: Accepted for publication in ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing
Dissecting the Extended Main Sequence Turn-off of the Young Star Cluster NGC1850
Creators: name: Correnti, Matteo
name: Goudfrooij, Paul
name: Bellini, Andrea
name: Kalirai, Jason S.
name: Puzia, Thomas H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use the Wide Field Camera 3 onboard the Hubble Space Telescope to obtain deep, high-resolution photometry of the young (~ 100 Myr) star cluster NGC1850 in the Large Magellanic Cloud. We analyze the cluster colour-magnitude diagram (CMD) and find that it hosts an extended main sequence turn-off (MSTO) and a double MS. We demonstrate that these features cannot be due to photometric errors, field star contamination, or differential reddening. From a comparison with theoretical models and Monte Carlo simulations, we show that a coeval stellar population featuring a distribution of stellar rotation rates can reproduce the MS split quite well. However, it cannot reproduce the observed MSTO region, which is significantly wider than the simulated ones. Exploiting narrow-band Halpha imaging, we find that the MSTO hosts a population of Halpha-emitting stars which are interpreted as rapidly rotating Be-type stars. We explore the possibility that the discrepancy between the observed MSTO morphology and that of the simulated simple stellar population (SSP) is caused by the fraction of these objects that are highly reddened, but we rule out this hypothesis. We demonstrate that the global CMD morphology is well-reproduced by a combination of SSPs that cover an age range of ~ 35 Myr as well as a wide variety of rotation rates. We derive the cluster mass and escape velocity and use dynamical evolution models to predict their evolution starting at an age of 10 Myr. We discuss these results and their implications in the context of the extended MSTO phenomenon.
description: 15 pages, 15, figures, 1 table. Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Metallicity determination of M dwarfs - Expanded parameter range in metallicity and effective temperature
Creators: name: Lindgren, Sara
name: Heiter, Ulrike
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Context. Reliable metallicity values for M dwarfs are important for studies of the chemical evolution and advancement of planet formation theory in low-mass environments. Historically the determination of stellar parameters of low-mass stars has been challenging due to the low surface temperature, causing several molecules to form in the photospheric layers. In our work we use the fact that infrared high-resolution spectrographs have opened up a new window for investigating M dwarfs. Aims. Metallicity determination using high-resolution spectra is more accurate than the use of low-resolution spectra, but rather time-consuming. In this paper we expand our sample analyzed with this precise method both in metallicity and effective temperature in order to build up a calibration sample for a future revised empirical calibration. Methods. Because of the relatively few molecular lines in the J-band, continuum rectification is possible for high-resolution spectra, allowing the stellar parameters to be determined with greater accuracy than using optical spectra. The metallicity was determined using synthetic spectral fitting of several atomic species. Results. We have analyzed sixteen targets, with a range of effective temperature from 3350-4550 K. The resulting metallicities lie between -0.5 < [M/H] < +0.4. A few targets have previously been analyzed using low-resolution spectra, and we find a rather good agreement with our values. A comparison with available photometric calibrations shows varying agreement, and the spread within all empirical calibrations is large. Conclusions. Including the targets from our previous paper, we have analyzed 28 M dwarfs using high-resolution infrared spectra. The targets spread approximately one dex in metallicity and 1400 K in effective temperature. For individual M dwarfs we achieve uncertainties of 0.05 dex and 100 K on average.
description: 13 pages
A new dominance concept and its application to diversity-stability analysis
Creators: name: Ma, Zhanshan
name: Ellison, Aaron M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science (cs.CE)
subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: We introduce a new dominance concept consisting of three new dominance metrics based on Lloyd's (1967) mean crowding index. The new metrics link communities and species, whereas existing ones are applicable only to communities. Our community-level metric is a function of Simpson's diversity index. For species, our metric quantifies the difference between community dominance and the dominance of a virtual community whose mean population size (per species) equals the population size of the focal species. The new metrics have at least two immediate applications: (i) acting as proxies for diversity in diversity-stability modeling (ii) replacing population abundance in reconstructing species dominance networks. The first application is demonstrated here using data from a longitudinal study of the human vaginal microbiome, and provides new insights relevant for microbial community stability and disease etiology.
description: For all correspondence to Zhanshan Sam Ma (ma@vandals.uidaho.edu)
Dimensional crossover in a strongly interacting ultracold atomic Fermi gas
Creators: name: Toniolo, Umberto
name: Mulkerin, Brendan C.
name: Vale, Chris J.
name: Liu, Xia-Ji
name: Hu, Hui
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We theoretically explore the crossover from three dimensions (3D) to two (2D) in a strongly interacting atomic Fermi superfluid through confining the transverse spatial dimension. Using the gaussian pair fluctuation theory, we determine the zero-temperature equation of state and Landau critical velocity as functions of the spatial extent of the transverse dimension and interaction strength. In the presence of strong interactions, we map out a dimensional crossover diagram from the location of maximum critical velocity, which exhibits distinct dependence on the transverse dimension from 2D to quasi-2D, and to 3D. We calculate the dynamic structure factor to characterize the low-energy excitations of the system and propose that the intermediate quasi-2D regime can be experimentally probed using Bragg spectroscopy.
Presentation: Helpdesk service for Monitoring & Notification System(MNS) based on Telegram-Whatsapp Chatbot Using Mikrotik-Based The Dude Software
Creators: name: Rifki Indra Perwira
name: Budi Santosa
name: Fuad, Ahmad Dzakiyull
name: Prapcoyo, Hari
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description: This material has presented on 1st International Conference on Advanced Research in Engineering and Technology. October 25, 2022
A non-perturbative study of the interplay between electron-phonon interaction and Coulomb interaction in undoped graphene
Creators: name: Yang, Zhao-Kun
name: Pan, Xiao-Yin
name: Liu, Guo-Zhu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In condensed-matter systems, electrons are subjected to two different interactions under certain conditions. Even if both interactions are weak, it is difficult to perform perturbative calculations due to the complexity caused by the interplay of two interactions. When one or two interactions are strong, ordinary perturbation theory may become invalid. Here we consider undoped graphene as an example and provide a non-perturbative quantum-field-theoretic analysis of the interplay of electron-phonon interaction and Coulomb interaction. We treat these two interactions on an equal footing and derive the exact Dyson-Schwinger integral equation of the full Dirac-fermion propagator. This equation depends on several complicated correlation functions and thus is difficult to handle. Fortunately, we find that these correlation functions obey a number of exact identities, which allows us to prove that the Dyson-Schwinger equation of the full fermion propagator is self-closed. After solving this self-closed equation, we obtain the renormalized velocity of Dirac fermions and show that its energy (momentum) dependence is dominantly determined by the electron-phonon (Coulomb) interaction. In particular, the renormalized velocity exhibits a logarithmic momentum dependence and a non-monotonic energy dependence.
description: 32 pages, 5 figures