cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Modeling optical systematics for the Taurus CMB experiment
Creators: name: Adler, Alexandre E.
name: Austermann, Jason E.
name: Benton, Steven J.
name: Duff, Shannon M.
name: Filippini, Jeffrey P.
name: Fraisse, Aurelien A.
name: Gascard, Thomas
name: Gibbs, Sho M.
name: Gourapura, Suren
name: Hubmayr, Johannes
name: Gudmundsson, Jon E.
name: Jones, William C.
name: May, Jared L.
name: Nagy, Johanna M.
name: Okun, Kate
name: Padilla, Ivan
name: Rooney, Christopher
name: Tartakovsky, Simon
name: Vissers, Michael R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We simulate a variety of optical systematics for Taurus, a balloon-borne cosmic microwave background (CMB) polarisation experiment, to assess their impact on large-scale E-mode polarisation measurements and constraints of the optical depth to reionisation τ. We model a one-month flight of Taurus from Wanaka, New Zealand aboard a super-pressure balloon (SPB). We simulate night-time scans of both the CMB and dust foregrounds in the 150GHz band, one of Taurus's four observing bands. We consider a variety of possible systematics that may affect Taurus's observations, including non-gaussian beams, pointing reconstruction error, and half-wave plate (HWP) non-idealities. For each of these, we evaluate the residual power in the difference between maps simulated with and without the systematic, and compare this to the expected signal level corresponding to Taurus's science goals. Our results indicate that most of the HWP-related systematics can be mitigated to be smaller than sample variance by calibrating with Planck's TT spectrum and using an achromatic HWP model, with a preference for five layers of sapphire to ensure good systematic control. However, additional beam characterization will be required to mitigate far-sidelobe pickup from dust on larger scales.
description: 21 pages, 6 tables, 7 figures, this version as published in JCAP after minor revisions to v1
Tests of the Standard Model with Low-Energy Neutrino Beams
Creators: name: Antonelli, V.
name: Battistoni, G.
name: Ferrario, P.
name: Forte, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the possibility of using future high--intensity low--energy neutrino beams for precision tests of the Standard Model. In particular we consider the determination of the electroweak mixing angle from elastic and quasi--elastic neutrino--nucleon scattering at a superbeam or $β$--beam.
description: 4 pages, 1 figure. Use the style file espcrc2.sty. A shortened version of the paper will appear on Nucl. Phys. B Proc. Suppl., Proceedings of the Conference NOW (Neutrino Oscillation Workshop) 2006
Sustainable Places 2023 - B4P meets NEB session
Creators: name: DOWEL Innovation
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: The NEBULA organised a session during the Sustainable Places conference, which brought together EU-funded projects focussing on renovation and regeneration of the built environment, some of them funded by Horizon Europe under the Built4People partnership (B4P), others by the New European Bauhaus (NEB) initiative. The objective of the session was to exchange knowledge and good practices, bridge B4P and the NEB and foster synergies across projects.
Pair correlations of an expanding superfluid Fermi gas
Creators: name: Lobo, C.
name: Carusotto, I.
name: Giorgini, S.
name: Recati, A.
name: Stringari, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The pair correlation function of an expanding gas is investigated with an emphasis on the BEC-BCS crossover of a superfluid Fermi gas at zero temperature. At unitarity quantum Monte Carlo simulations reveal the occurrence of a sizable bunching effect due to interactions in the spin up-down channel which, at short distances, is larger than that exhibited by thermal bosons in the Hanbury-Brown and Twiss effect. We propose a local equilibrium ansatz for the pair correlation function which we predict will remain isotropic during the expansion even if the trapping potential is anisotropic, contrary to what happens for non-interacting gases. This behavior is understood to be a consequence of the violation of scaling of the pair correlation function due to interactions.
description: 4 pages, 1 figure
Simulation Optimization of the Crossdock Door Assignment Problem
Creators: name: Aickelin, Uwe
name: Adewunmi, Adrian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science (cs.CE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The purpose of this report is to present the Crossdock Door Assignment Problem, which involves assigning destinations to outbound dock doors of Crossdock centres such that travel distance by material handling equipment is minimized. We propose a two fold solution; simulation and optimization of the simulation model simulation optimization. The novel aspect of our solution approach is that we intend to use simulation to derive a more realistic objective function and use Memetic algorithms to find an optimal solution. The main advantage of using Memetic algorithms is that it combines a local search with Genetic Algorithms. The Crossdock Door Assignment Problem is a new domain application to Memetic Algorithms and it is yet unknown how it will perform.
Deep Learning e calcolo ad alte prestazioni per l'elaborazione di immagini biomediche
Creators: name: , Aldinucci
name: Berzovini
name: , Grana
name: , Grangetto
name: , Pireddu
name: , Zanetti
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Deep Learning
Healthcares
Cloud
High-Performance Computing

description: Il progetto DeepHealth, recentemente finanziato dalla Commissione Europea, ha come obiettivo la realizzazione di un ecosistema europeo costituito da piattaforme di calcolo ad alte prestazioni, li- brerie software e competenze multi-disciplinari di intelligenza artificiale, calcolo parallelo e scienze mediche per l’elaborazione e la diagnosi basata su immagini. Il contributo presenta sinteticamente le competenze e le infrastrutture nazionali coivolte nel progetto.
Sr_2 Ru O_4 : Broken Time-Reversal Symmetry in the Superconducting state
Creators: name: Mineev, V. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using a phenomenological two-fluid model we derive the Kerr rotation of the polarization direction of reflected light from the surface of a superconductor in a state breaking time-reversal symmetry. We argue that this effect found recently in the superconducting state of $Sr_2RuO_4$ by Xia et al (Phys.Rev.Lett. {\bf 97}, 167002 (2006)) originates from the spontaneous magnetization in this superconductor. The temperature and the frequency dependencies of the effect are established. It is shown that the effect is determined by one of two mechanisms depending on the frequency of light that is larger or smaller than the plasma frequency. The mechanism originating from the gradient of chemical potential created by the electric field of light penetrating into the skin layer and important at frequencies larger than the plasma frequency was missed in the preliminary version of this paper (V.P.Mineev, arXiv:cond-mat/0703624v2).
description: 4 pages, no figures
Higher-spin Cotton tensors and massive gauge-invariant actions in AdS$_3$
Creators: name: Kuzenko, Sergei M.
name: Ponds, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In a conformally flat three-dimensional spacetime, the linearised higher-spin Cotton tensor $\mathfrak{C}_{α(n)}(h)$ is the unique conserved conformal current which is a gauge-invariant descendant of the conformal gauge prepotential $h_{α(n)}$. The explicit form of $\mathfrak{C}_{α(n)}(h)$ is well known in Minkowski space. Here we solve the problem of extending the Minkowskian result to the case of anti-de Sitter (AdS) space and derive a closed-form expression for $\mathfrak{C}_{α(n)}(h)$ in terms of the AdS Lorentz covariant derivatives. It is shown that every conformal higher-spin action $S_{\text{CS}}^{(n)}[h]\propto \int\text{d}^3x\, e \, h^{α(n)}\mathfrak{C}_{α(n)}(h) $ factorises into a product of $(n-1)$ first-order operators that are associated with the spin-$n/2$ partially massless AdS values. Our findings greatly facilitate the on-shell analysis of massive higher-spin gauge-invariant actions in AdS$_3$. The main results are extended to the case of $\mathcal{N}=1$ AdS supersymmetry. In particular, we derive simple expressions for the higher-spin super-Cotton tensors in AdS$_3$.
description: 44 pages; V2: comments added and typos corrected; V3: published version
Role of the Malpighian tubules in acid-base regulation in the desert locust Schistocerca gregaria
Creators: name: Stagg, Andrew Peter
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2008

description: Malpighian tubule fluid from Schistocerca gregaria adults, starved for one day, was collected by cannulation of the gut in situ, both before and after injecting 10 μmol of HCl or NaCl into the haemocoel. Haemolymph pH at the neck remained depressed by 0.3 units for at least 8 hours in HCl- compared with NaCl-injected locusts. Haemolymph pH remained lower compared with pre-injected haemolymph values for several hours. The pH of tubule fluid remained about 0.5 units more acid than haemolymph under all conditions. Thus, net tubular acid secretion was proportional to haemolymph acid-base status. The greater acidity of tubular fluid after acid-injection was associated with lower estimated bicarbonate concentrations and higher Pco₂, without any change in total CO₂ when compared with controls. The combined contribution of bicarbonate, phosphate, and urate to total buffer capacity of tubular fluid was estimated to be 75%, with bicarbonate responsible for 55% of the total. The maximum rate of acid removal by all Malpighian tubules of starved locusts, including H⁺ trapped in ammonium ions, was calculated to be very small in relation to the acid-load injected into the haemocoel. Ligation of the locust hindgut so as to prevent posterior Malpighian tubule fluid flow significantly lowered haemolymph pH as compared with either anterior or sham ligations after HCl injection. Injection of an artificial saline into the hindgut restored haemolymph pH after HCl injection. Thus the hindgut per se directly contributes to haemolymph pH recovery from acidosis. Increasing the temperature to 37° C from 21° C caused a 4-fold increase in tubular secretion rates. In addition, starved locusts maintained a temperature/haemolymph pH ratio that is consistent with the alphastat hypothesis under starved conditions, but temperature does not affect haemolymph pH under fed conditions. Feeding locusts at 21° C lowered haemolymph pH 0.28 units. At 37° C, feeding had no effect on haemolymph pH. Feeding did not initiate any changes in tubular fluid acid-base variables at either 21° C or 37° C. The buffering capacity of tubular fluid was not affected by temperature or feeding. Micropuncture of the gut indicated feeding initiated a movement of alkaline midgut contents posteriorly into the hindgut. The maximum rate of acid removal was calculated to double for starved locusts at 37° C as compared to 21° C, but feeding reduced net acid excretion to zero at both 21° C and 37° C.
Onset of Entanglement and Noise Cross-Correlations in Two-Qubit System Interacting with Common Bosonic Bath
Creators: name: Privman, Vladimir
name: Solenov, Dmitry
name: Tolkunov, Denis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We summarize our recent results for the induced exchange interaction due to thermal bosonic environment (bath) which also generates quantum noise. Our focus here is on the onset of the interaction. We demonstrate that the induced interaction can be used to manipulate and create entanglement over time scales sufficiently large for controlling the two-qubit system for quantum computing applications, though ultimately the noise effects will dominate.
description: 4 pages in LaTeX, with EPS figures
Reevaluating reactor antineutrino spectra with new measurements of the ratio between $^{235}$U and $^{239}$Pu $β$ spectra
Creators: name: Kopeikin, V.
name: Skorokhvatov, M.
name: Titov, O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report a reanalysis of the reactor antineutrino energy spectra based on the new relative measurements of the ratio $R=\!^{e}S_5/^{e}S_9$ between cumulative $β$ spectra from $^{235}$U and $^{239}$Pu, performed at a research reactor in National Research Centre Kurchatov Institute (KI). A discrepancy with the $β$ spectra measured at Institut Laue-Langevin (ILL) was observed, indicating a steady excess of the ILL ratio by the factor of $1.054\pm0.002$. We find a value of the ratio between inverse beta decay cross section per fission for $^{235}$U and $^{239}$Pu: $(^5σ_f/^9σ_f)_{KI} = 1.45 \pm 0.03$, and then we reevaluate the converted antineutrino spectra for $^{235}$U and $^{238}$U. We conclude that the new predictions are consistent with the results of Daya Bay and STEREO experiments.
description: Added more details on the KI experiment. Corrected the error budget for U-238 in Table 1. Results and conclusions unchanged
Photoinduced Fano-resonance of coherent phonons in zinc
Creators: name: Hase, Muneaki
name: Demsar, Jure
name: Kitajima, Masahiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Utilizing femtosecond optical pump-probe technique, we have studied transient Fano-resonance in zinc. At high excitation levels the Fourier spectrum of the coherent E$_{2g}$ phonon exhibits strongly asymmetric line shape, which is well modeled by the Fano function. The Fano parameter (1/Q) was found to be strongly excitation fluence dependent while depending weakly on the initial lattice temperature. We attribute the origin of the Fano-resonance to the coupling of coherent phonon to the electronic continuum, with their transition probabilities strongly renormalized in the vicinity of the photoinduced structural transition.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures, to be published in Physical Review B
A Stochastic Simulation to Determine Stem Cell Localization in Retinal Vasculature
Creators: name: Ray, H. Clifton
name: Corliss, Bruce A.
name: Cronk, Stephen M.
name: Yates, Paul A.
name: Peirce, Shayn M.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: retina
cellular colocalization

description: Poster presentation from 2014 Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology (ARVO) Annual Meeting at Orlando, Florida. Howard Clifton Ray, Bruce Corliss, Stephen Cronk, Paul Andrew Yates, Shayn Peirce; A Stochastic Simulation to Determine Stem Cell Localization in Retinal Vasculature. Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci.2014;55(13):3994
Query Rewriting via Cycle-Consistent Translation for E-Commerce Search
Creators: name: Qiu, Yiming
name: Zhang, Kang
name: Zhang, Han
name: Wang, Songlin
name: Xu, Sulong
name: Xiao, Yun
name: Long, Bo
name: Yang, Wen-Yun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Nowadays e-commerce search has become an integral part of many people's shopping routines. One critical challenge in today's e-commerce search is the semantic matching problem where the relevant items may not contain the exact terms in the user query. In this paper, we propose a novel deep neural network based approach to query rewriting, in order to tackle this problem. Specifically, we formulate query rewriting into a cyclic machine translation problem to leverage abundant click log data. Then we introduce a novel cyclic consistent training algorithm in conjunction with state-of-the-art machine translation models to achieve the optimal performance in terms of query rewriting accuracy. In order to make it practical in industrial scenarios, we optimize the syntax tree construction to reduce computational cost and online serving latency. Offline experiments show that the proposed method is able to rewrite hard user queries into more standard queries that are more appropriate for the inverted index to retrieve. Comparing with human curated rule-based method, the proposed model significantly improves query rewriting diversity while maintaining good relevancy. Online A/B experiments show that it improves core e-commerce business metrics significantly. Since the summer of 2020, the proposed model has been launched into our search engine production, serving hundreds of millions of users.
description: 12 pages, 9 figures; accepted by ICDE2021
The evolution of the theme of criminality from Balzac, to Hugo, to Zola
Creators: name: Ross, Sarah Margaret
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2008

description: In the work of Balzac, Hugo and Zola can be found a diversified literary concentration on the theme of criminality which mirrors the evolution of parallel social movements in France during the Nineteenth Century when significant economic and political changes were taking place as a result of demographic shifts and altered social patterns. This brief survey attempts to demonstrate how these three prominent, yet disparate novelists have dealt with the theme of criminality from conflicting viewpoints during a period which saw the rise of a new capitalist bourgeoisie and the establishment of large urban industrial centres. This thesis explores the individual approaches of these three novelists and compares their criminal profiles through the study of at least three novels for each author. It will be seen that Balzac tended to adhere to the Eighteenth Century classical view of the criminal, while also leaning towards the newly introduced positivist thinking. Hugo's romantic vision of society is explored through his depiction of the criminal as victim; and Zola is examined in light of his experimental approach to the criminal phenomenon, which reflects the philosophical and scientific ideas of the late Nineteenth Century.
Interactions mediated by atoms, photons, electrons, and excitons
Creators: name: Paredes, Rosario
name: Bruun, Georg
name: Camacho-Guardian, Arturo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Interactions between quasiparticles mediated by a surrounding environment are ubiquitous and lead to a range of important effects from collective modes of low temperature quantum gases, superconductivity, to the interaction between elementary particles at high energies. This perspective article is motivated by experimental progress in the fields of quantum degenerate atomic gases, cavity QED, and two-dimensional (2D) semi-conductors, which enable a systematic exploration of mediated interactions in new settings and regimes. We first describe how to microscopically calculate the quasiparticle interaction using perturbation theory, diagrammatics, and the path integral, highlighting the key role played by the quantum statistics of the quasiparticles. Recent theoretical and experimental insights into quasiparticle and mediated interactions in general obtained from atomic gases are then discussed, after which we focus on hybrid light-atom systems where a remarkable long range photon mediated interaction can be realised. Next, we describe new and puzzling results regarding the interaction between quasiparticles in 2D semiconductors. We then discuss how mediated interactions open up ways to realise new quantum phases in atomic and hybrid atom-photon systems as well as 2D semiconductors, and the perspective ends by posing some open questions and outlook.
Excited mesons from $N_f=2$ dynamical Clover Wilson lattices
Creators: name: Burch, Tommy
name: Hagen, Christian
name: Schäfer, Andreas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study mesons on the lattice with a special focus on excited states. For that purpose we construct several quark sources with different spatial smearings, including p-waves. These quark sources are then combined with the appropiate Dirac structures to form meson interpolators of definite spin. We use these operators to construct a cross correlation matrix from which we extract ground and excited meson states using the variational method. For the calculations we use gauge configurations with $N_f=2$ dynamical Clover Wilson fermions provided by the CP-PACS collaboration. We show preliminary results for pseudoscalar, scalar, vector and pseudovector mesons.
description: 7 pages, 5 figure, parallel session talk at Lattice 2006
Mongolotettix jiangxiensis Zhang & Dai & Yin 2023, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Zhang, Da-Peng
name: Dai, Li
name: Yin, Zhan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Orthoptera
Acrididae
Mongolotettix
Mongolotettix jiangxiensis

description: Mongolotettix jiangxiensis sp. nov. figs. A–K.
Holotype ♁, paratypes 1♁, 2♀, Jiangxi, Lushan 29º40´N, 115º70´E, 1935, July,7–18 collected by O. Piel.
Male: Body small in size. Head shorter than pronotum. Face oblique in profile. Frontal ridge nearly parallel. Antennae ensiform, 20 segmented, extending distinctly over hind margin of pronotum. Eyes oval, vertical diameter 1.5 times horizontal diameter and 1.2 times length of subocular furrow. Pronotum median keel visible, distinctly cut by hind transverse sulcus, lateral keels almost parallel, prozona 1.4 times of metazona in length. Tegmina longer, reaching the hind margin of 9 th abdominal tergite, apically concave in the middle, maximum width of cubital area 1.5 times maximum width of medial area. Interspace of mesosternum distinctly narrowed in the middle, length of interspace of mesosternum 3.1 times minimum width. Lateral lobes of metasternum separated. Upper keel of hind femur smooth, length of hind femur 5.7 times its maximum width, end of lower knee lobes angular, inner side with 109 stridulatory pegs. Hind tibia with 12 spines on inner and outer sides, external apical spine absent. Second metatarsomere shorter than the first. Tympanum large and round. Cercus long conical, almost reaching tip of epiproct. Subgenital plate long conical. Upper margin of Epiphallus straight.
Female: Body more robust than male. Vertical diameter of eyes 1.5 times horizontal diameter and 1.2 times the length of subocular furrow. Prozona 1.5 times metazoan in length. Tegmina short, reaching the hind margin of 1 st abdominal tergite, length 2.8 times its maximum width. Length of hind femur 5.5 times its maximum width. Cercus short-conical, not reaching end of epiproct. Upper ovipositor valve longer, length 3.3 times maximum width, with small teeth on outer margin.
Coloration: Body brown. Antennae yellow. Pronotum yellowish-brown. Tegmina of male without a white stripe on the fore margin at base.
Measurement (in mm): Length of body: ♁ 21.1–22.0, ♀ 34.6. Length of tegmina: ♁ 11.0–11.7, ♀ 4.7. Length of hind femur: ♁ 11.5–12.0, ♀ 17.3.
Diagnosis. The new species is similar to M. hubeiensis Zheng et al, 2017. The major differences are listed in Table 1.
Etymology The specific epithet is named for the type locality Jiangxi.
description: Published as part of Zhang, Da-Peng, Dai, Li & Yin, Zhan, 2023, A new species of the genus Mongolotettix Rehn, 1928 from Jiangxi, China (Acrididae, Acridoidea, Orthoptera), pp. 397-400 in Zootaxa 5351 (3) on pages 397-399, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5351.3.9, http://zenodo.org/record/8391898
Kalenjin Field Materials
Creators: name: Kipkoech, Linus
name: Koech, Nicholas Kipchumba
name: Langat, Robert
name: Bossi, Madeline
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2021

description: Audio and video recordings of elicitation sessions in Kipsigis and Tugen (with some texts in Kipsigis); handwritten and typed field notes; typed transcriptions, bundled with audiovisual files in 091 and 098-101. Audio files from elicitation sessions found in bundles 004-035 have associated field notes in bundles 001-003 (see descriptions and relations); afterwards, field notes are typed and bundled with their respective video files.
ATAC-Net: Zoomed view works better for Anomaly Detection
Creators: name: Gupta, Shaurya
name: Gautam, Neil
name: Malyala, Anurag
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The application of deep learning in visual anomaly detection has gained widespread popularity due to its potential use in quality control and manufacturing. Current standard methods are Unsupervised, where a clean dataset is utilised to detect deviations and flag anomalies during testing. However, incorporating a few samples when the type of anomalies is known beforehand can significantly enhance performance. Thus, we propose ATAC-Net, a framework that trains to detect anomalies from a minimal set of known prior anomalies. Furthermore, we introduce attention-guided cropping, which provides a closer view of suspect regions during the training phase. Our framework is a reliable and easy-to-understand system for detecting anomalies, and we substantiate its superiority to some of the current state-of-the-art techniques in a comparable setting.
Gravitational Scattering and Beyond from Extreme Mass Ratio Effective Field Theory
Creators: name: Cheung, Clifford
name: Parra-Martinez, Julio
name: Rothstein, Ira Z.
name: Shah, Nabha
name: Wilson-Gerow, Jordan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore a recently proposed effective field theory describing electromagnetically or gravitationally interacting massive particles in an expansion about their mass ratio, also known as the self-force (SF) expansion. By integrating out the deviation of the heavy particle about its inertial trajectory, we obtain an effective action whose only degrees of freedom are the lighter particle together with the photon or graviton, all propagating in a Coulomb or Schwarzschild background. The 0SF dynamics are described by the usual background field method, which at 1SF is supplemented by a "recoil operator" that encodes the wobble of the heavy particle, and similarly computable corrections appearing at 2SF and higher. Our formalism exploits the fact that the analytic expressions for classical backgrounds and particle trajectories encode dynamical information to all orders in the couplings, and from them we extract multiloop integrands for perturbative scattering. As a check, we study the two-loop classical scattering of scalar particles in electromagnetism and gravity, verifying known results. We then present new calculations for the two-loop classical scattering of dyons, and of particles interacting with an additional scalar or vector field coupling directly to the lighter particle but only gravitationally to the heavier particle.
description: 77 pages, 10 figures (corrected minor typos and added minor clarifications)
Neutrino Physics: A Selective Overview
Creators: name: Oser, Scott M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Neutrinos in the Standard Model of particle physics are massless, neutral fermions that seemingly do little more than conserve 4-momentum, angular momentum, lepton number, and lepton flavour in weak interactions. In the last decade conclusive evidence has demonstrated that the Standard Model's description of neutrinos does not match reality. We now know that neutrinos undergo flavour oscillations, violating lepton flavour conservation and implying that neutrinos have non-zero mass. A rich oscillation phenomenology then becomes possible, including matter-enhanced oscillation and possibly CP violation in the neutrino sector. Extending the Standard Model to include neutrino masses requires the addition of new fields and mass terms, and possibly new methods of mass generation. In this review article I will discuss the evidence that has established the existence of neutrino oscillation, and then highlight unresolved issues in neutrino physics, such as the nature of three-generational mixing (including CP-violating effects), the origins of neutrino mass, the possible existence of light sterile neutrinos, and the difficult question of measuring the absolute mass scale of neutrinos.
description: Proceedings of the Lake Louise Winter Institute 2006; 30 pages, 8 figures
MOESM1 of Comparison and development of machine learning tools in the prediction of chronic kidney disease progression
Creators: name: Xiao, Jing
name: Ding, Ruifeng
name: Xu, Xiulin
name: Guan, Haochen
name: Feng, Xinhui
name: Sun, Tao
name: Zhu, Sibo
name: Ye, Zhibin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Ecology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Marine Biology

description: Additional file 1. Model establishment and source codes brief illustrations.
Nonlinear Decay of Quantum Confined Magnons in Itinerant Ferromagnets
Creators: name: Zakeri, Kh.
name: Hjelt, A.
name: Maznichenko, I. V.
name: Buczek, P.
name: Ernst, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum confinement leads to the emergence of several magnon modes in ultrathin layered magnetic structures. We probe the lifetime of these quantum confined modes in a model system composed of three atomic layers of Co grown on different surfaces. We demonstrate that the quantum confined magnons exhibit nonlinear decay rates, which strongly depend on the mode number, in sharp contrast to what is assumed in the classical dynamics. Combining the experimental results with those of linear-response density functional calculations we provide a quantitative explanation for this nonlinear damping effect. The results provide new insights into the decay mechanism of spin excitations in ultrathin films and multilayers and pave the way for tuning the dynamical properties of such structures.
Integrated optical wave analyzer using the discrete fractional Fourier transform
Creators: name: Urzúa, Alejandro R.
name: Ramos-Prieto, Irán
name: Moya-Cessa, Héctor M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Within the expansive domain of optical sciences, achieving the precise characterization of light beams stands as a fundamental pursuit, pivotal for various applications, including telecommunications and imaging technologies. This study introduces an innovative methodology aimed at reconstructing the Wigner distribution function of optical signals; a crucial tool in comprehending the time-frequency behavior exhibited by these signals. The proposed approach integrates two robust mathematical tools: the discrete realization of fractional Fourier transform, and the propagator of the quantum harmonic oscillator in waveguide arrays. This integration offers a direct and efficient method for characterizing optical signals by reconstructing their Wigner distribution function in the scope of integrated optics. We provide evidence of how having knowledge of the signal propagation amid the phase-space reconstruction, has desirable advantages in respect to only knowing the signal state.
description: 10 pages, 7 figures
Performances and stability of a 2.4 ton Gd organic liquid scintillator target for antineutrino detection
Creators: name: Barabanov, I. R.
name: Bezrukov, L. B.
name: Cattadori, C.
name: Danilov, N. A.
name: Di Vacri, A.
name: Krilov, Yu. S.
name: Ioannucci, L.
name: Yanovich, E. A.
name: Aglietta, M.
name: Bonardi, A.
name: Bruno, G.
name: Fulgione, W.
name: Kemp, E.
name: Malguin, A. S.
name: Porta, A.
name: Selvi, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work we report the performances and the chemical and physical properties of a (2 x 1.2) ton organic liquid scintillator target doped with Gd up to ~0.1%, and the results of a 2 year long stability survey. In particular we have monitored the amount of both Gd and primary fluor actually in solution, the optical and fluorescent properties of the Gd-doped liquid scintillator (GdLS) and its performances as a neutron detector, namely neutron capture efficiency and average capture time. The experimental survey is ongoing, the target being continuously monitored. After two years from the doping time the performances of the Gd-doped liquid scintillator do not show any hint of degradation and instability; this conclusion comes both from the laboratory measurements and from the "in-tank" measurements. This is the largest stable Gd-doped organic liquid scintillator target ever produced and continuously operated for a long period.
Probing universal critical scaling with scan-DMRG
Creators: name: Chepiga, Natalia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore the universal signatures of quantum phase transitions that can be extracted with the density matrix renormalization group (DMRG) algorithm applied to quantum chains with a gradient. We present high-quality data collapses for the order parameter and for the entanglement entropy for three minimal models: transverse-field Ising, 3-state Potts and Ashkin-Teller. Furthermore, we show that scan-DMRG successfully captures the universal critical scaling when applied across the magnetic Wess-Zumino-Witten and non-magnetic Ising transitions in the frustrated Haldane chain. In addition, we report a universal scaling of the lowest excitation energy as a function of a gradient rate. Finally, we argue that the scan-DMRG approach has significantly lower computational cost compare to the conventional DMRG protocols to study quantum phase transitions.
description: 11 pages, 12 figures
The ultra-compact binary 4U1850-087 observed with INTEGRAL: hard X-ray emission from an X-ray burster
Creators: name: Sidoli, L.
name: Paizis, A.
name: Bazzano, A.
name: Mereghetti, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The X-ray burster 4U1850-087, located in the Galactic globular cluster NGC6712, is an ultracompact binary (orbital period~21 min),likely harbouring a degenerate companion.The source has been observed at soft gamma-rays several times with the INTEGRAL satellite,during the monitoring of the Galactic plane, with an unprecedented exposure time.We analysed all available INTEGRAL observations, with the main aim of studying the long-term behaviour of this Galactic bulge X-ray burster.The spectral results are based on the systematic analysis of all INTEGRAL observations covering the source position performed between March 2003 and November 2005.The source X-ray emission is hard and is observed, for the first time, up to 100keV.A broad-band spectrum obtained combining the INTEGRAL spectrum together with a quasi-simultaneous XMM-Newton observation performed in September 2003 is well modeled with a disk-blackbody emission (with kTin=0.8keV) together with a power-law (photon index=2.1).The 2-100keV luminosity is 1.5E36 erg/s (assuming a distance of 6.8kpc).
description: Accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysics
Shear modulus and reversible particle trajectories of frictional granular materials under oscillatory shear
Creators: name: Otsuki, Michio
name: Hayakawa, Hisao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this study, we numerically investigated the mechanical responses and trajectories of frictional granular particles under oscillatory shear in the reversible phase where particle trajectories form closed loops below the yielding point. When the friction coefficient is small, the storage modulus exhibits softening, and the loss modulus remains finite in the quasi-static limit. As the friction coefficient increases, the softening and residual loss modulus are suppressed. The storage and loss moduli satisfy scaling laws if they are plotted as functions of the areas of the loop trajectories divided by the strain amplitude and diameter of grains, at least for their small values.
description: 7 pages, 11 figures
Bose-Einstein condensates and quantum non-locality
Creators: name: Laloë, Franck
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The EPR argument points to the existence of additional variables that are necessary to complete standard quantum theory. It was dismissed by Bohr because it attributes physical reality to isolated microscopic systems, independently of the macroscopic measurement apparatus. Here, we transpose the EPR argument to macroscopic systems, assuming that they are in spatially extended Fock spin states and subject to spin measurements in remote regions of space. Bohr's refutation of the EPR argument does not seem to apply in this case, since the difference of scale between the microscopic measured system and the macroscopic measuring apparatus can no longer be invoked.
description: contribution to the workshop "Beyond que quantum", at the Lorentz Institute (Leiden, Netherlands) in may 2006
Toward a systematic discovery of artificial functional magnetic materials
Creators: name: Botsch, Lukas
name: Bundesmann, Carsten
name: Spemann, Daniel
name: Esquinazi, Pablo D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Although ferromagnets are found in all kinds of technological applications, only few substances are known to be intrinsically ferromagnetic at room temperature. In the past twenty years, a plethora of new artificial ferromagnetic materials have been found by introducing defects into non-magnetic host materials. In contrast to the intrinsic ferromagnetic materials, they offer an outstanding degree of material engineering freedom, provided one finds a type of defect to functionalize every possible host material to add magnetism to its intrinsic properties. Still, one controversial question remains: Are these materials really technologically relevant ferromagnets? To answer this question, in this work the emergence of a ferromagnetic phase upon ion irradiation is systematically investigated both theoretically and experimentally. Quantitative predictions are validated against experimental data from the literature of SiC hosts irradiated with high energy Ne ions and own experiments on low energy Ar ion irradiation of TiO$_2$ hosts. In the high energy regime, a bulk magnetic phase emerges, which is limited by host lattice amorphization, whereas at low ion energies an ultrathin magnetic layer forms at the surface and evolves into full magnetic percolation. Lowering the ion energy, the magnetic layer thickness reduces down to a bilayer, where a perpendicular magnetic anisotropy appears due to magnetic surface states.
description: 38 pages, 21 figures
Magnetocrystalline anisotropy and magnetization reversal in GaMnP synthesized by ion implantation and pulsed-laser melting
Creators: name: Bihler, C.
name: Kraus, M.
name: Huebl, H.
name: Brandt, M. S.
name: Goennenwein, S. T. B.
name: Opel, M.
name: Scarpulla, M. A.
name: Stone, P. R.
name: Farshchi, R.
name: Dubon, O. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the observation of ferromagnetic resonance (FMR) and the determination of the magnetocrystalline anisotropy in (100)-oriented single-crystalline thin film samples of GaMnP with x=0.042. The contributions to the magnetic anisotropy were determined by measuring the angular- and the temperature-dependencies of the FMR resonance fields and by superconducting quantum interference device magnetometry. The largest contribution to the anisotropy is a uniaxial component perpendicular to the film plane; however, a negative contribution from cubic anisotropy is also found. Additional in-plane uniaxial components are observed at low temperatures, which lift the degeneracy between the in-plane [011] and [01-1] directions as well as between the in-plane [010] and [001] directions. Near T=5K, the easy magnetization axis is close to the in-plane [01-1] direction. All anisotropy parameters decrease with increasing temperature and disappear above the Curie temperature T_C. A consistent picture of the magnetic anisotropy of ferromagnetic GaMnP emerges from the FMR and magnetometry data. The latter can be successfully modeled when both coherent magnetization rotation and magnetic domain nucleation are considered.
Illuminating the dark: mono-$γ$ signals at NA62
Creators: name: Barducci, D.
name: Bertuzzo, E.
name: Taoso, M.
name: Ternes, C. A.
name: Toni, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Dipole interactions between dark sector states or between a Standard Model particle and a dark state can efficiently be searched for via high-intensity fixed-target facilities. We propose to look for the associated mono-$γ$ signature at the NA62 experiment running in beam dump mode. Focusing on models of dipole inelastic Dark Matter and active-sterile neutrino dipole interactions, we compute the corresponding expected sensitivities finding promising prospects for discovery already with $\sim10^{17}$ proton-on-target, corresponding to the present accumulated dataset.
description: v2: matches published version v1: 18 pages, 4 figures, 1 table
Temperature induced spin coherence dissipation in quantum dots
Creators: name: Hernandez, F. G. G.
name: Greilich, A.
name: Brito, F.
name: Wiemann, M.
name: Yakovlev, D. R.
name: Reuter, D.
name: Wieck, A. D.
name: Bayer, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The temperature dependence of electron spin coherence in singly negatively charged (In,Ga)As/GaAs quantum dots is studied by time-resolved Faraday rotation. The decoherence time T2 is constant on a microsecond scale for temperatures below 20 K, for higher temperatures it shows a surprisingly sharp drop into the nanoseconds range. The decrease cannot be explained through inelastic scattering with phonons, and may be related with elastic scattering due to phonon-mediated fluctuations of the hyperfine interaction.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures
Quantum phases of spin-1 system on 3/4 and 3/5 skewed ladders
Creators: name: Das, Sambunath
name: Dey, Dayasindhu
name: Ramasesha, S.
name: Kumar, Manoranjan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the quantum phase transitions of frustrated antiferromagnetic Heisenberg spin-1 systems on the 3/4 and 3/5 skewed two leg ladder geometries. These systems can be viewed as arising by periodically removing rung bonds from a zigzag ladder. We find that in large systems, the ground state (gs) of the 3/4 ladder switches from a singlet to a magnetic state for $J_1 \ge 1.82$; the gs spin corresponds to ferromagnetic alignment of effective $S = 2$ objects on each unit cell. The gs of antiferromagnetic exchange Heisenberg spin-1 system on a 3/5 skewed ladder is highly frustrated and has spiral spin arrangements. The amplitude of the spin density wave in the 3/5 ladder is significantly larger compared to that in the magnetic state of the 3/4 ladder. The gs of the system switches between singlet state and low spin magnetic states multiple times on tuning $J_1$ in a finite size system. The switching pattern is nonmonotonic as a function of $J_1$, and depends on the system size. It appears to be the consequence of higher $J_1$ favoring higher spin magnetic state and the finite system favoring a standing spin wave. For some specific parameter values, the magnetic gs in the 3/5 system is doubly degenerate in two different mirror symmetry subspaces. This degeneracy leads to spontaneous spin parity and mirror symmetry breaking giving rise to spin current in the gs of the system.
description: 8 pages, 8 figures
Б. Строцень, М. Ягодинська. Перші археологічні дослідження Бережанського замку (попередня публікація)
Creators: name: Ягодинська, Марина
name: Строцень, Богдан
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2025
Subjects: classificationCode: 430101
subject: Archaeological science

description: ВІСНИК РЯТІВНОЇ АРХЕОЛОГІЇ (ACTA ARCHAEOLOGIAE CONSERVATIVAE). ― Львів: НДЦ «Рятівна археологічна служба» ІА НАН України, 2017. ― Вип. 3.
Quasinormal modes, thermodynamics and shadow of black holes in Hu-Sawicki f(R) gravity theory
Creators: name: Karmakar, Ronit
name: Goswami, Umananda Dev
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive novel black hole solutions in a modified gravity theory, namely the Hu-Sawicki model of $f(R)$ gravity. After obtaining the black hole solution, we study the horizon radius of the black hole from the metric and then analyse the dependence of the model parameters on the horizon. We then use the 6th-order WKB method to study the quasinormal modes of oscillations (QNMs) of the black hole perturbed by a scalar field. The dependence of the amplitude and damping part of the QNMs are analysed with respect to variations in model parameters and the errors associated with the QNMs are also computed. After that, we study some thermodynamic properties associated with the black hole such as its thermodynamic temperature as well as greybody factors. It is found that the black hole has the possibility of showcasing negative temperatures. We also analyse the geodesics and derive the photon sphere radius as well as the shadow radius of the black hole. The photon radius is independent of the model parameters while the shadow radius showed a fair amount of dependence on the model parameters. We tried to constrain the parameters with the help of Keck and VLTI observational data and obtained some bounds on $m$ and $c_{2}$ parameters.
description: 14 pages, 9 figures; published version