cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
A chip-scale second-harmonic source via injection-locked all-optical poling
Creators: name: Clementi, Marco
name: Nitiss, Edgars
name: Durán-Valdeiglesias, Elena
name: Belahsene, Sofiane
name: Liu, Junqiu
name: Kippenberg, Tobias J.
name: Debrégeas, Hélène
name: Brès, Camille-Sophie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Second-harmonic generation allows for coherently bridging distant regions of the optical spectrum, with applications ranging from laser technology to self-referencing of frequency combs. However, accessing the nonlinear response of a medium typically requires high-power bulk sources, specific nonlinear crystals, and complex optical setups, hindering the path toward large-scale integration. Here we address all of these issues by engineering a chip-scale second-harmonic (SH) source based on the frequency doubling of a semiconductor laser self-injection-locked to a silicon nitride microresonator. The injection-locking mechanism, combined with a high-Q microresonator, results in an ultra-narrow intrinsic linewidth at the fundamental harmonic frequency as small as 57 Hz. Owing to the extreme resonant field enhancement, quasi-phase-matched second-order nonlinearity is photoinduced through the coherent photogalvanic effect and the high coherence is mapped on the generated SH field. We show how such optical poling technique can be engineered to provide efficient SH generation across the whole C and L telecom bands, in a reconfigurable fashion, overcoming the need for poling electrodes. Our device operates with milliwatt-level pumping and outputs SH power exceeding 2 mW, for an efficiency as high as 280%/W under electrical driving. Our findings suggest that standalone, highly-coherent, and efficient SH sources can be integrated in current silicon nitride photonics, unlocking the potential of $χ^{(2)}$ processes in the next generation of integrated photonic devices.
Nonparametric estimation of the local Hurst function of multifractional Gaussian processes
Creators: name: Bardet, Jean-Marc
name: Surgailis, Donatas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: A new nonparametric estimator of the local Hurst function of a multifractional Gaussian process based on the increment ratio (IR) statistic is defined. In a general frame, the point-wise and uniform weak and strong consistency and a multidimensional central limit theorem for this estimator are established. Similar results are obtained for a refinement of the generalized quadratic variations (QV) estimator. The example of the multifractional Brownian motion is studied in detail. A simulation study is included showing that the IR-estimator is more accurate than the QV-estimator.
Intrinsic connectivity of the human habenula and its relation to negative affect
Creators: name: Bottenhorn, Katherine L.
name: Robinson, Jennifer L.
name: Yanes, Julio A.
name: Flannery, Jessica S.
name: Sutherland, Matthew T.
name: Laird, Angela R.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: functional connectivity
human neuroimaging

description: The human habenula is a small, bilateral, epithalamic nucleus involved in reward processing, providing top- down modulation of dopaminergic and serotonergic midbrain structures. Convergent animal and human research has demonstrated a role for the habenula in learned helplessness and depression, implicating the habenula in the characteristic reward processing dysfunction of depression. However, there is a lack of research supporting this relationship. Here, we replicate findings from Torrisi et al. (2017), concerning the intrinsic functional connectivity of the habenula at 7T. Then, we extend these findings to a larger sample from the Human Connectome Project and assess individual differences in habenula connectivity with respect to psychosocial well-being, negative affect, and reward processing. The human habenula displays a robust pattern of intrinsic connectivity across subjects and datasets, including circuitry related to pain, goal, and fear processing, as well as memory, reward, and the Stop Signal Task, which engages motor inhibition. However, this connectivity pattern appears unrelated to mood, social support, personality, or reward processing. This finding is at odds with prior work demonstrating sadness-related habenula connectivity (Ely et al., 2016). Future work should (1) study functional connectivity of the
 habenula in a larger sample, to assess the relationship between intrinsic connectivity and factors relating to depression with increased statistical power and (2) assess whether task-based functional connectivity is a better predictor of behavior than resting-state connectivity.
Nontrivial worldline winding in non-Hermitian quantum systems
Creators: name: Hu, Shi-Xin
name: Fu, Yongxu
name: Zhang, Yi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Amid the growing interest in non-Hermitian quantum systems, non-interacting models have received the most attention. Here, through the stochastic series expansion quantum Monte Carlo method, we investigate non-Hermitian physics in interacting quantum systems, e.g., various non-Hermitian quantum spin chains. While calculations yield consistent numerical results under open boundary conditions, non-Hermitian quantum systems under periodic boundary conditions observe an unusual concentration of imaginary-time worldlines over nontrivial winding and require enhanced ergodicity between winding-number sectors for proper convergences. Such nontrivial worldline winding is an emergent physical phenomenon that also exists in other non-Hermitian models and analytical approaches. Alongside the non-Hermitian skin effect and the point-gap spectroscopy, it largely extends the identification and analysis of non-Hermitian topological phenomena to quantum systems with interactions, finite temperatures, biorthogonal basis, and periodic boundary conditions in a novel and controlled fashion. Finally, we study the direct physical implications of such nontrivial worldline winding, which bring additional, potentially quasi-long-range contributions to the entanglement entropy.
title: Study of Turbulence and Drag Reduction for Flow Over Backswimmer Textured Surface
Creators: name: Takrouri, K
Publisher: name: Liverpool John Moores University
Year: 2021

description: Great benefits of biomimetic textured surfaces have been recognised through recent research. Such studies highly impact transportation-related fuel consumption and emission of carbon-dioxide. With 10% reduction of friction drag, 4 billion GBP/year savings are expected in the ship industry alone. The shape, spacing and alignment of the textured geometries together with the Reynolds number are the main parameters to characterise turbulent flow and drag performance associated with the use of these surfaces. The present research aims at investigating the effect of a novel biomimetic texture surface on turbulent flow behaviour and drag reduction. The texture is inspired by an aerodynamically-efficient insect called the Backswimmer also known as Notonecta Glauca. Direct Numerical Simulations (DNS) has been used to examine turbulence and drag reduction for the texture geometry. An in-house code for channel and pipe flows, CHAPSim, is used for the simulations. The code is adopted for (i) treating the novel textured surface using an Immersed Boundary Method (IBM) and (ii) improving the solver scalability by implementing a hybrid parallelisation approach. Verification and validation (where possible) for smooth and textured simulations have been undertaken. The effect of using the backswimmer geometry is studied at different geometry conditions with a constant bulk velocity at Reynolds number Re = 2800. Additionally, the effect of changing the Reynolds number was studied for one geometry condition at Re = 2800, 3500, 5500 and 7400. Compared to smooth channel, the backswimmer cases showed an increase in the wall-normal and spanwise fluctuating velocities, near wall vorticity and Reynolds shear stress. Among all the backswimmer cases, the increase in the wall normal and spanwise vorticity profiles with the textured element was almost unaffected by either the changes in the geometry or the increase in Reynolds numbers. Compared against smooth channel, the backswimmer geometry case showed a decrease in the ejection events as Reynolds number increases but a significant increase in the sweep events. The flow visualisations and vortex identification were simulated by calculating low- and high- speed streaks and second-largest Eigen value of the symmetric tensor (λ₂). It was shown that the streaky structures and vortex strength within the roughness elements were dependent on the change in the geometry conditions and Reynolds number. As the Reynolds number increased, the intensity of λ₂ increased within the roughness for the smaller Reynolds numbers and above the roughness crest for the higher Reynolds numbers.
A gaseous RICH detector for SiD or ILD
Creators: name: Basso, Matthew J.
name: Cairo, Valentina M. M.
name: Damerell, Chris
name: Su, Dong
name: Schwartzman, Ariel G.
name: Va'vra, Jerry
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper describes a preliminary study of a gaseous Ring Imaging Cherenkov (RICH) system capable of discriminating between kaons and pions at high momenta -- up to 50 GeV/c -- and thus enhancing particle identification at future colliders. The system possesses a compact design, facilitating easy integration into existing detector concepts. A study of the key contributions to the Cherenkov angle resolution is also presented.
description: Presented at the International Workshop on Future Linear Colliders (LCWS 2023), May 15--19, 2023 (C23-05-15.3); 21 pages. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2203.07535
Impact of shape of container on natural convection and melting inside enclosures used for passive cooling of electronic devices
Creators: name: Omari, Kamal El
name: Kousksou, Tarik
name: Guer, Yves Le
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The present paper numerically analyzes a passive cooling system using enclosures with different geometries filled with thermal conductivity-enhanced phase change material (PCM). A numerical code is developed using an unstructured finite-volume method and an enthalpy-porosity technique to solve for natural convection coupled to a solid-liquid phase change. Five geometries containing the same volume of PCM are compared while cooling the same surface. The unsteady evolution of the melting front and the velocity and temperature fields is detailed. Other indicators of cooling efficiency are monitored, including the maximum temperature reached at the cooled surface. The computational results show the high impact of varying geometry: a maximum temperature difference as high as 40^{\circ}C is observed between two of the enclosures. The best efficiency is obtained for an enclosure shifted vertically relative to the cooled surface. Other findings and recommendations are made for the design of PCM-filled enclosures.
Dixon's asymptotic without CFSG
Creators: name: Eberhard, Sean
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Without using the classification of finite simple groups, we show that the probability that two random elements of $S_n$ generate a primitive group smaller than $A_n$ is at most $\exp(-c(n \log n)^{1/2})$. As a corollary we get Dixon's asymptotic expansion \[
 1 - 1/n - 1/n^2 - 4/n^3 - 23/n^4 - \cdots \] for the probability that two random elements of $S_n$ (or $A_n$) generate a subgroup containing $A_n$.
description: 4 pages
Heterotic Sigma Models with N=2 Space-Time Supersymmetry
Creators: name: Melnikov, Ilarion V.
name: Minasian, Ruben
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the non-linear sigma model realization of a heterotic vacuum with N=2 space-time supersymmetry. We examine the requirements of (0,2) + (0,4) world-sheet supersymmetry and show that a geometric vacuum must be described by a principal two-torus bundle over a K3 manifold.
description: 20 pages, uses xy-pic; v3: typos corrected, reference added, discussion of constraints on Hermitian form modified
Single-event likelihood of star cluster properties with LIGO-Virgo-Kagra binary black hole observations
Creators: name: Ng, Ken K. Y.
name: Kritos, Konstantinos
name: Antonelli, Andrea
name: Cotesta, Roberto
name: Berti, Emanuele
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The population of binary black hole mergers observed in gravitational waves, together with astrophysical simulations, can help us to understand the properties of the progenitors and the binary formation mechanisms in different astrophysical scenarios. Here we focus on dynamical formation in star clusters. We use the third gravitational-wave transient catalog (GWTC-3) and Rapster, a rapid code to simulate cluster dynamics, to show that it is possible to construct the single-event likelihood of star cluster properties from individual observations. We find that the measured primary mass in a binary black hole merger correlates with the measured star cluster mass, because the mass spectrum of the primary component increases with the mass of the cluster. This trend may be caused by two physical mechanisms: (i) the more efficient production of hierarchical mergers with primary mass above $\sim 40~M_{\odot}$ for cluster masses of $\gtrsim 10^6~M_{\odot}$, and (ii) the suppression of more massive first-generation binaries, which happens because ejected binaries do not merge within the lookback time for cluster masses of $\lesssim 10^5~M_{\odot}$. The formalism presented here can be generalized to infer the population properties of binary progenitors in more realistic scenarios involving multiple formation channels.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures. Calculations are shown in the python notebooks: https://gitlab.com/ken_ng/single-cluster-inference
Development of a DDH care pathway for India : a study methodology to guide similar efforts in other countries and for other conditions
Creators: name: Li, Jacqueline
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2023

description: Background — Developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) represents a range of hip joint instability, present at birth or developed during infancy, ranging from mild instability to a complete dislocation. In India and other Global South countries, DDH is often diagnosed after walking age, requiring more complex and invasive surgeries with greater risk of complications and long-term disability. A DDH care pathway is a decision-making tool that coordinates and standardizes screening, with the aim of reducing late detections. We describe a multi-phase methodology for context-specific DDH care pathway development, demonstrating its use in India. Methods — In Phase I, seven relevant Indian organizations partnered together and assembled a multidisciplinary working group, which then met fortnightly to establish an evidence base and prepare for the subsequent consensus-building phase. Group members also developed specialty-specific surveys for local providers in India, which were distributed to organizational memberships. During Phase II, panelists participated in a modified Delphi method to reach consensus on a list of best practice statements regarding DDH screening in the Indian context. Phase III applied the statements to build the care pathway. Results — The entire process was completed within a one-year time span, with all procedures conducted remotely using virtual communication and requiring minimal funds or resources. Specialty surveys demonstrated low awareness about DDH, limited practice of DDH screening, and variability in the quality of ultrasound. The Delphi method concluded after a preliminary survey and two Delphi rounds, reaching consensus on 47 statements, which were condensed into 35. The developed care pathway for India features periodic clinical hip examinations integrated with the country’s immunization schedule and selective imaging screening, providing flexibility in the timing and modality of imaging. Discussion/Conclusion — In Global South countries, there is a need for DDH care pathways that are specific to local contexts. Care pathway development is strengthened through the involvement of a multidisciplinary team of local providers and stakeholders. The methodology requires strategies to identify country-specific barriers to care and facilitate group engagement. The cost- and time-effective approach used in India is feasible and can be applied to other conditions and/or countries wishing to establish care pathways.
Magnon influence on the superconducting density of states in superconductor$-$ferromagnetic-insulator bilayers
Creators: name: Ianovskaia, A. S.
name: Bobkov, A. M.
name: Bobkova, I. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Superconductor$-$ferromagnetic-insulator heterostructures are paradigmatic systems for studying the mutual influence of superconductivity and magnetism via proximity effects. In particular, spin-split superconductivity is realized in such structures. Recent experiments and theories demonstrate a rich variety of transport phenomena occurring in devices based on such heterostructures that suggest direct applications in thermoelectricity, low-dissipative spintronics, radiation detection, and sensing. In this work we investigate the influence of the electron-magnon interaction at the superconductor$-$ferromagnetic-insulator interface on the spin-split superconductivity. It is predicted that due to the magnon-mediated electron spin-flip processes the spin-split quasiparticle branches are partially mixed and reconstructed, and the BCS-like spin-split shape of the superconducting density of states, which is typical for superconductors in the effective exchange field, is strongly modified. An odd-frequency superconducting order parameter admixture to the leading singlet order parameter is also found. These findings expand the physical picture of spin-split superconductivity beyond the mean-field description of the ferromagnet exchange field.
Additional file 11 of Small nucleolar RNAs signature (SNORS) identified clinical outcome and prognosis of bladder cancer (BLCA)
Creators: name: Cao, Rui
name: Ma, Bo
name: Yuan, Lushun
name: Wang, Gang
name: Tian, Ye
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 11: Table S9. The input for correlation network of candidate snoRNAs associated mRNAs in TCGA-BLCA cohort.
Electromagnetic and gravitational responses and anomalies in topological insulators and superconductors
Creators: name: Ryu, Shinsei
name: Moore, Joel E.
name: Ludwig, Andreas W. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: One of the defining properties of the conventional three-dimensional ("$\mathbb{Z}_2$-", or "spin-orbit"-) topological insulator is its characteristic magnetoelectric effect, as described by axion electrodynamics. In this paper, we discuss an analogue of such a magnetoelectric effect in the thermal (or gravitational) and the magnetic dipole responses in all symmetry classes which admit topologically non-trivial insulators or superconductors to exist in three dimensions. In particular, for topological superconductors (or superfluids) with time-reversal symmetry which lack SU(2) spin rotation symmetry (e.g. due to spin-orbit interactions), such as the B phase of $^3$He, the thermal response is the only probe which can detect the non-trivial topological character through transport. We show that, for such topological superconductors, applying a temperature gradient produces a thermal- (or mass-) surface current perpendicular to the thermal gradient. Such charge, thermal, or magnetic dipole responses provide a definition of topological insulators and superconductors beyond the single-particle picture. Moreover we find, for a significant part of the 'ten-fold' list of topological insulators found in previous work in the absence of interactions, that in general dimensions the effective field theory describing the space-time responses is governed by a field theory anomaly. Since anomalies are known to be insensitive to whether the underlying fermions are interacting or not, this shows that the classification of these topological insulators is robust to adiabatic deformations by interparticle interactions in general dimensionality. In particular, this applies to symmetry classes DIII, CI, and AIII in three spatial dimensions, and to symmetry classes D and C in two spatial dimensions.
description: 16 pages, 2 figures
Liderazgo colaborativo para un sistema de CTI sostenible y con impacto social en Latinoamérica y el Caribe
Creators: name: Hernández, Arely Anaya
name: Arboleda, John
name: Arroyo, María Isabel Arroyo
name: Hernández, Lina Becerra
name: Silva, Margarita Bernales
name: Loaiza, Diana Betancurth
name: Morales, Xavier Chiriboga
name: Millone, Antonieta Daza
name: Cottón, Eunice Enríquez
name: Cuadros, Melina Flórez
name: Laísa Freire Dos Santos
name: Gittens, Rolando
name: Guarderas, Paz
name: Ríos, Marcela López
name: Moscoso, Solange Paredes
name: Jara, Evelyn Rondón
name: Lehner, Federico Vargas
name: Mora, Paulina Carmona
name: Balboa, Luciana
name: Mondragón, Alma Hernández
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Ciencia, tecnología, innovación, sostenible, social, Latinoamérica, Caribe

description: La Global Young Academy (GYA) ha realizado el 1er Programa de Liderazgo Científico de América Latina y el Caribe 2022 (SLP-LAC) con 24 científicos jóvenes de la región para potenciar su desarrollo sostenible desde la ciencia. El programa inició en Leticia (frontera Colombia, Perú y Brasil) en diciembre de 2022, sensibilizando y empoderando a ellos para liderar una misión de transformación de los sistemas locales de ciencia, tecnología e innovación (CTI). Proponemos un “Diálogo Interactivo” en el marco del Sustainability Research & Innovation Congress 2023 para socializar nuestro trabajo con organizaciones internacionales y público en general. Nuestro objetivo es visibilizar nuestra misión y fomentar cooperaciones horizontales interdisciplinarias, suscitando conexiones regionales con diversos sectores (público, privado) para la transformación de la CTI en LAC, promoviendo el florecimiento humano y planetario. Nuestras propuestas estarán expresadas en dos Policy Briefs (que pronto serán publicados): 1) Responsabilidad social de los jóvenes académicos como parte de una cultura científica saludable: acortando las brechas de género en Latinoamérica y 2) Recomendaciones para la democratización de la ciencia en Latinoamérica: enfásis en territorio, estado y sociedad.
Short-time large deviations of the spatially averaged height of a KPZ interface on a ring
Creators: name: Schorlepp, Timo
name: Sasorov, Pavel
name: Meerson, Baruch
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using the optimal fluctuation method, we evaluate the short-time probability distribution $P (\bar{H}, L, t=T)$ of the spatially averaged height $\bar{H} = (1/L) \int_0^L h(x, t=T) \, dx$ of a one-dimensional interface $h(x, t)$ governed by the Kardar-Parisi-Zhang equation $$ \partial_th=ν\partial_x^2h+\fracλ{2} \left(\partial_xh\right)^2+\sqrt{D}ξ(x,t) $$ on a ring of length $L$. The process starts from a flat interface, $h(x,t=0)=0$. Both at $λ\bar{H} < 0$, and at sufficiently small positive $λ\bar{H}$ the optimal (that is, the least-action) path $h(x,t)$ of the interface, conditioned on $\bar{H}$, is uniform in space, and the distribution $P (\bar{H}, L, T)$ is Gaussian. However, at sufficiently large $λ\bar{H} > 0$ the spatially uniform solution becomes sub-optimal and gives way to non-uniform optimal paths. We study them, and the resulting non-Gaussian distribution $P (\bar{H}, L, T)$, analytically and numerically. The loss of optimality of the uniform solution occurs via a dynamical phase transition of either first, or second order, depending on the rescaled system size $\ell = L/\sqrt{νT}$, at a critical value $\bar{H}=\bar{H}_{\text{c}}(\ell)$. At large but finite $\ell$ the transition is of first order. Remarkably, it becomes an "accidental" second-order transition in the limit of $\ell \to \infty$, where a large-deviation behavior $-\ln P (\bar{H}, L, T) \simeq (L/T) f(\bar{H})$ (in the units $λ=ν=D=1$) is observed. At small $\ell$ the transition is of second order, while at $\ell =O(1)$ transitions of both types occur.
description: 22 pages, 13 figures
The Moment Problem for Continuous Positive Semidefinite Linear functionals
Creators: name: Ghasemi, Mehdi
name: Kuhlmann, Salma
name: Samei, Ebrahim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14P99, 44A60 (Primary) 12D15, 43A35, 46B99 (Secondary)

description: Let $τ$ be a locally convex topology on the countable dimensional polynomial $\reals$-algebra $\rx:=\reals[X_1,...,X_n]$. Let $K$ be a closed subset of $\reals^n$, and let $M:=M_{\{g_1, ... g_s\}}$ be a finitely generated quadratic module in $\rx$. We investigate the following question: When is the cone $\Pos(K)$ (of polynomials nonnegative on $K$) included in the closure of $M$? We give an interpretation of this inclusion with respect to representing continuous linear functionals by measures. We discuss several examples; we compute the closure of $M=\sos$ with respect to weighted norm-$p$ topologies. We show that this closure coincides with the cone $\Pos(K)$ where $K$ is a certain convex compact polyhedron.
description: 14 pages
Toward a stellar population catalog in the Kilo Degree Survey: the impact of stellar recipes on stellar masses and star formation rates
Creators: name: Xie, Linghua
name: Napolitano, Nicola R.
name: Guo, Xiaotong
name: Tortora, Crescenzo
name: Feng, Haicheng
name: Katsianis, Antonios
name: Li, Rui
name: Wu, Sirui
name: Radovich, Mario
name: Hunt, Leslie K.
name: Wang, Yang
name: Tang, Lin
name: Tang, Baitian
name: Huang, Zhiqi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Kilo Degree Survey (KiDS) is currently the only sky survey providing optical ($ugri$) plus near-infrared (NIR, $ZYHJK_S$) seeing matched photometry over an area larger than 1000 $\rm deg^2$. This is obtained by incorporating the NIR data from the VISTA Kilo Degree Infrared Galaxy (VIKING) survey, covering the same KiDS footprint. As such, the KiDS multi-wavelength photometry represents a unique dataset to test the ability of stellar population models to return robust photometric stellar mass ($M_*$) and star-formation rate (SFR) estimates. Here we use a spectroscopic sample of galaxies for which we possess $u g r i Z Y J H K_s$ ``gaussianized'' magnitudes from KiDS data release 4. We fit the spectral energy distribution from the 9-band photometry using: 1) three different popular libraries of stellar {population} templates, 2) single burst, simple and delayed exponential star-formation history models, and 3) a wide range of priors on age and metallicity. As template fitting codes we use two popular softwares: LePhare and CIGALE. We investigate the variance of the stellar masses and the star-formation rates from the different combinations of templates, star formation recipes and codes to assess the stability of these estimates and define some ``robust'' median quantities to be included in the upcoming KiDS data releases. As a science validation test, we derive the mass function, the star formation rate function, and the SFR-$M_*$ relation for a low-redshift ($z<0.5$) sample of galaxies, that result in excellent agreement with previous literature data. The final catalog, containing $\sim290\,000$ galaxies with redshift $0.01
description: 39 pages,4 tables, 14 figures, SCIENCE CHINA Physics, Mechanics & Astronomy Accepted
Neural functional theory for inhomogeneous fluids: Fundamentals and applications
Creators: name: Sammüller, Florian
name: Hermann, Sophie
name: Heras, Daniel de las
name: Schmidt, Matthias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a hybrid scheme based on classical density functional theory and machine learning for determining the equilibrium structure and thermodynamics of inhomogeneous fluids. The exact functional map from the density profile to the one-body direct correlation function is represented locally by a deep neural network. We substantiate the general framework for the hard sphere fluid and use grand canonical Monte Carlo simulation data of systems in randomized external environments during training and as reference. Functional calculus is implemented on the basis of the neural network to access higher-order correlation functions via automatic differentiation and the free energy via functional line integration. Thermal Noether sum rules are validated explicitly. We demonstrate the use of the neural functional in the self-consistent calculation of density profiles. The results outperform those from state-of-the-art fundamental measure density functional theory. The low cost of solving an associated Euler-Lagrange equation allows to bridge the gap from the system size of the original training data to macroscopic predictions upon maintaining near-simulation microscopic precision. These results establish the machine learning of functionals as an effective tool in the multiscale description of soft matter.
description: 20 pages, 11 figures
Additional file 1 of Spanish psychometric properties of the moral distress scale—revised: a study in healthcare professionals treating COVID-19 patients
Creators: name: Galiana, L
name: Moreno-Mulet, C
name: Carrero-Planells, A
name: López-Deflory, C
name: García-Pazo, P
name: Nadal-Servera, M
name: Sansó, N
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Supplementary Material 1: The Spanish version of the Moral Distress Scale
On the equivalence of the Einstein-Hilbert and the Einstein-Palatini formulations of general relativity for an arbitrary connection
Creators: name: Dadhich, Naresh
name: Pons, Josep M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the framework of the Einstein-Palatini formalism, even though the projective transformation connecting the arbitrary connection with the Levi Civita connection has been floating in the literature for a long time and perhaps the result was implicitly known in the affine gravity community, yet as far as we know Julia and Silva were the first to realise its gauge character. We rederive this result by using the Rosenfeld-Dirac-Bergmann approach to constrained Hamiltonian systems and do a comprehensive self contained analysis establishing the equivalence of the Einstein-Palatini and the metric formulations without having to impose the gauge choice that the connection is symmetric. We also make contact with the the Einstein-Cartan theory when the matter Lagrangian has fermions.
description: 18 pages. Slight change in the title and wording of some sections to emphasize the main results. References added. Matches published version
HRHD-HK: A benchmark dataset of high-rise and high-density urban scenes for 3D semantic segmentation of photogrammetric point clouds
Creators: name: Li, Maosu
name: Wu, Yijie
name: Yeh, Anthony G. O.
name: Xue, Fan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Many existing 3D semantic segmentation methods, deep learning in computer vision notably, claimed to achieve desired results on urban point clouds. Thus, it is significant to assess these methods quantitatively in diversified real-world urban scenes, encompassing high-rise, low-rise, high-density, and low-density urban areas. However, existing public benchmark datasets primarily represent low-rise scenes from European cities and cannot assess the methods comprehensively. This paper presents a benchmark dataset of high-rise urban point clouds, namely High-Rise, High-Density urban scenes of Hong Kong (HRHD-HK). HRHD-HK arranged in 150 tiles contains 273 million colorful photogrammetric 3D points from diverse urban settings. The semantic labels of HRHD-HK include building, vegetation, road, waterbody, facility, terrain, and vehicle. To our best knowledge, HRHD-HK is the first photogrammetric dataset that focuses on HRHD urban areas. This paper also comprehensively evaluates eight popular semantic segmentation methods on the HRHD-HK dataset. Experimental results confirmed plenty of room for enhancing the current 3D semantic segmentation of point clouds, especially for city objects with small volumes. Our dataset is publicly available at https://doi.org/10.25442/hku.23701866.v2.
description: The paper has been published in the Proceedings of 2023 IEEE International Conference on Image Processing Challenges and Workshops
Additional file 1 of Principles for task shifting hypertension and diabetes screening and referral: a qualitative study exploring patient, community health worker and healthcare professional perceptions in rural Uganda
Creators: name: Ingenhoff, Rebecca
name: Munana, Richard
name: Weswa, Ivan
name: Gaal, Julia
name: Sekitoleko, Isaac
name: Mutabazi, Hillary
name: Bodnar, Benjamin E.
name: Rabin, Tracy L.
name: Siddharthan, Trishul
name: Kalyesubula, Robert
name: Knauf, Felix
name: Nalwadda, Christine K.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Supplementary Material 1
Certified reduced-basis solutions of viscous Burgers equation parametrized by initial and boundary values
Creators: name: Janon, Alexandre
name: Nodet, Maëlle
name: Prieur, Clémentine
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We present a reduced basis offline/online procedure for viscous Burgers initial boundary value problem, enabling efficient approximate computation of the solutions of this equation for parametrized viscosity and initial and boundary value data. This procedure comes with a fast-evaluated rigorous error bound certifying the approximation procedure. Our numerical experiments show significant computational savings, as well as efficiency of the error bound.
Additional file 1 of Central venous stenosis after subclavian versus internal jugular dialysis catheter insertion (CITES) in adults in need of a temporary central dialysis catheter: study protocol for a two-arm, parallel-group, non-inferiority randomised controlled trial
Creators: name: Borgquist, Ola
name: Naddi, Leila
name: Božović, Gracijela
name: Hellberg, Matthias
name: Annborn, Martin
name: Sjövall, Fredrik
name: Adrian, Maria
name: Hettinger, Eva
name: Sjöberg, Pia
name: Kander, Thomas
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1. Questionnaire handed out immediately after insertion of the catheter.
The refugee in contemporary german-language literature : mobility, personhood, place
Creators: name: Zimmermann, Sabine
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2023

description: This dissertation examines depictions of refugees in twenty-first-century German-language literature by Elfriede Jelinek, Jenny Erpenbeck, Navid Kermani, Maxi Obexer and Firas Alshater. Their selected works challenge stereotypical narratives about refugees as ‘undesirables,’ ‘invasive others,’ and ‘problems’ that threaten liberal nation-states in Europe. This study aims to illustrate how their texts convey that refugees are persons with many complex social identities rather than ‘invaders.’ My interdisciplinary methodology is based on three pillars: a mobility paradigm taken from human geography, a philosophical discussion of personhood, and notions of place derived from human geography and philosophy. I will show how interconnections between mobility, personhood, and place are relevant because refugees are adaptable persons in need of a new place (at least temporarily), but they experience a differential mobility compared to privileged migrants. First, the mobility paradigm enables a reading of literature that shows how current European Union asylum rules attempt to prevent displaced persons from accessing individual member country jurisdictions. As a result, refugees’ ability to physically move towards and within Europe is restricted. Second, literature can evoke philosophical ideas of personhood that illustrate detrimental effects when the label ‘refugee’ is repeatedly affixed to a displaced person’s life story. This label overrides all their past, present, and future experiences, and it unjustly portrays them as ‘problems’ or ‘undesirables’ rather than resourceful and capable individuals. Third, literature can reflect how places are shaped, maintained, and continually changed because social relations, experiences, and understandings intersect in persons’ life narratives. The findings of my interdisciplinary study are relevant for literary discourses on the categorization of migrants and on current European Union politics that support the free flow of goods and money but undermine the arrival of those in need of refuge.
Quantifying Alignment and Quality of Graphene Nanoribbons: A Polarized Raman Spectroscopy Approach
Creators: name: Darawish, Rimah
name: Overbeck, Jan
name: Müllen, Klaus
name: Calame, Michel
name: Ruffieux, Pascal
name: Fasel, Roman
name: Barin, Gabriela Borin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Graphene nanoribbons (GNRs) are atomically precise stripes of graphene with tunable electronic properties, making them promising for room-temperature switching applications like field-effect transistors (FETs). However, challenges persist in GNR processing and characterization, particularly regarding GNR alignment during device integration. In this study, we quantitatively assess the alignment and quality of 9-atom-wide armchair graphene nanoribbons (9-AGNRs) on different substrates using polarized Raman spectroscopy. Our approach incorporates an extended model that describes GNR alignment through a Gaussian distribution of angles. We not only extract the angular distribution of GNRs but also analyze polarization-independent intensity contributions to the Raman signal, providing insights into surface disorder on the growth substrate and after substrate transfer. Our findings reveal that low-coverage samples grown on Au(788) exhibit superior uniaxial alignment compared to high-coverage samples, attributed to preferential growth along step edges, as confirmed by scanning tunneling microscopy (STM). Upon substrate transfer, the alignment of low-coverage samples deteriorates, accompanied by increased surface disorder. On the other hand, high-coverage samples maintain alignment and exhibit reduced disorder on the target substrate. Our extended model enables a quantitative description of GNR alignment and quality, facilitating the development of GNR-based nanoelectronic devices.
Community and Public Engagement 2016-2021 Evaluation Report
Creators: name: Davies, Alun
name: Jao, Irene
name: Sanga, Gladys
name: Namayi, Roselyne
name: Mwalukore, Salim
name: Mauncho, Cynthia
name: Mumba, Noni
name: Kamuya, Dorcas
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Monitoring and evaluation; community engagement; public engagement; KEMRI Wellcome Trust; action research

description: This report provides an overview of the evaluation of KEMRI Wellcome Trust Research Programme (KWTRP) Community and Public Engagement (CPE) strategy between 2016 and 2021. The work was funded through a Wellcome Provision for Public Engagement (PPE) and co-led by Noni Mumba, Dr. Alun Davies, and Cynthia Mauncho. Our vision for the work was:
 To strengthen the science and ethics of health research in low-to-middle income settings through fostering effective, contemporary, and responsive engagement between KWTRP staff and diverse public stakeholders, and through sharing our experiences (inter)nationally. To realise our vision, we engaged large and diverse audiences with a range of public engagement activities comprising live radio programmes, magnet theatre outreaches, school and university engagement, public meetings and key education and health stakeholders and policy makers. We have aimed at a balance of ‘wide’ engagement activities, aimed at raising public awareness and listening to public views about research, with ‘deeper’ long-term engagement with smaller groups. The latter has offered opportunities to draw from diverse youth, community, and stakeholder insights to enhance and improve our research. Through publishing accounts of our engagement in peer-reviewed publications we have aimed at contributing to the growing literature, debates, and practice in engagement globally.
On minimal non-$CL$-groups
Creators: name: Otera, Daniele Ettore
name: Russo, Francesco G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: If $m$ is a positive integer or infinity, the $m$-layer (or briefly, the layer) of a group $G$ is the subgroup $G_m$ generated by all elements of $G$ of order $m$. This notion goes back to some contributions of Ya.D. Polovickii of almost 60 years ago and is often investigated, because the presence of layers influences the group structure. If $G_m$ is finite for all $m$, $G$ is called $FL$-group (or $FO$-group). A generalization is given by $CL$-groups, that is, groups in which $G_m$ is a Chernikov group for all $m$. By working on the notion of $CL$-group instead of that of $FL$-group, we extend a recent result of Z. Zhang, describing the structure of a group which is not a $CL$-group, but whose proper subgroups are $CL$-groups.
description: 6 pages; Section 3 has been revised
Lynx D2.3 Intermediate report on Lynx acquired corpora
Creators: name: Ajausks, Ēriks
name: Mireles-Chaves, Víctor
name: Sageder, Christian
name: Lagzdiņš, Andis
name: Montiel-Ponsoda, Elena
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Lynx legal copora, Lynx translation corpora

description: This deliverable summarizes the intermediate work on acquired corpora (as part of WP2) within the context of the Lynx project. The aim of this task is to provide a description of the corpora collection methods, and the resulting collected corpora by Lynx partners around the different use cases. There are three business cases for which corpora are being collected. The first case is related to Compliance Assurance Services for Contracts, the second is related to Compliance Assurance Services in Oil & Gas and Energy, and the third Business Case is about Compliance Assurance Services in Labor Law. This document serves as reference material for the corpora collected to cover the needs of the three business cases, and for the first steps in the method followed to index that corpora. Furthermore, the document describes the corpora preparation workflow to be used in the training of Neural MT engines for specific languages and domains. Finally, this document reports on the term extraction process performed so far on the compiled corpora and briefly outlines its further use in the Lynx MT systems.
Additional file 2 of Central venous stenosis after subclavian versus internal jugular dialysis catheter insertion (CITES) in adults in need of a temporary central dialysis catheter: study protocol for a two-arm, parallel-group, non-inferiority randomised controlled trial
Creators: name: Borgquist, Ola
name: Naddi, Leila
name: Božović, Gracijela
name: Hellberg, Matthias
name: Annborn, Martin
name: Sjövall, Fredrik
name: Adrian, Maria
name: Hettinger, Eva
name: Sjöberg, Pia
name: Kander, Thomas
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 2. Questionnaire handed out as soon as possible after catheter removal.
The s$^\pm$-Wave Pairing and the Destructive Role of Apical-Oxygen Deficiencies in La$_3$Ni$_2$O$_7$ Under Pressure
Creators: name: Liu, Yu-Bo
name: Mei, Jia-Wei
name: Ye, Fei
name: Chen, Wei-Qiang
name: Yang, Fan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently, the bilayer perovskite nickelate La$_3$Ni$_2$O$_7$ has been reported to show evidence of high-temperature superconductivity (SC) under a moderate pressure of about 14 GPa. To investigate the superconducting mechanism, pairing symmetry, and the role of apical-oxygen deficiencies in this material, we perform a random-phase-approximation based study on a bilayer model consisting of the $d_{x^2-y^2}$ and $d_{3z^2-r^2}$ orbitals of Ni atoms in both the pristine crystal and the crystal with apical-oxygen deficiencies. Our analysis reveals an $s^{\pm}$-wave pairing symmetry driven by spin fluctuations. The crucial role of pressure lies in that it induces the emergence of the $γ$-pocket, which is involved in the strongest Fermi-surface nesting. We further found the emergence of local moments in the vicinity of apical-oxygen deficiencies, which significantly suppresses the $T_c$. Therefore, it is possible to significantly enhance the $T_c$ by eliminating oxygen deficiencies during the synthesis of the samples.
description: Accepted by Phys. Rev. Lett