cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: Effectiveness of gonad shields: A Monte Carlo evaluation
Creators: name: Matyagin, Yuri
Publisher: name: The Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Radiologists
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Radioprotection / Radiation dose
subject: Conventional radiography
subject: Radiation safety
subject: Image registration

description: Aim Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aim: Gonad shields are often used on patients during chest X-ray procedures in an attempt to reduce radiation dose as part of the ALARA (As Low As Reasonably Achievable) principle. Similar practice, often referred to as ‘‘out-of-plane’’...
Characteristics of persons who inject drugs and who witness opioid overdoses in Vietnam: a cross-sectional analysis to inform future overdose prevention programs
Creators: name: Sripaipan, T.
name: Go, V.F.
name: Lancaster, Kathryn
name: Miller, William
name: Blackburn, N.A.
Publisher: name: BioMed Central
Year: 2017

description: Abstract Background Persons who use opioids have a high risk of overdose and associated mortality. In Vietnam, little is known about the characteristics of this population and the persons who are witness to those overdoses. One approach to combatting fatal overdose has been the use of peer interventions in which a friend or injecting partner administers overdose reversal medication, but availability in Vietnam of these medications is limited to pilot programs with aims to expand in the future (Le Minh and V.F. Go, Personal Communication, 2016). The primary objective of this paper is to explore the characteristics associated with witnessing three or more overdoses in a lifetime. Methods This cross-sectional analysis used baseline data from a four-arm randomized control trial conducted in Thai Nguyen, Vietnam, known as the Prevention for Positives project. One thousand six hundred seventy-three PWID were included in the analysis. We conducted bivariable and multivariable logistic regression to identify characteristics associated with witnessing three or more overdoses in a lifetime. Characteristics explored included education, employment, marital status, risky drug use behaviors, locations for accessing syringes, recent overdose, history of incarceration, drug treatment, and having slept outside in the past 3 months. Results Seventy-two percent (n = 1203) of participants had witnessed at least one overdose in their lifetime, and 46% had witnessed three or more overdoses (n = 765). In the multivariable model, having less than secondary education (AOR 0.70; 95% CI 0.57, 0.86), having slept outside in the past 3 months (AOR 1.77; 95% CI 1.31, 2.40), having a history of incarceration (AOR 1.33; 95% CI 1.07, 1.65), having a history of drug treatment (AOR 1.41; 95% CI 1.12, 1.77), experiencing a recent non-fatal overdose (AOR 3.84; 95% CI 2.36, 6.25), injecting drugs daily (AOR 1.79; 95% CI 1.45, 2.20), receptive needle sharing (AOR 1.30; 95% CI 1.04, 1.63), and number of years injecting (AOR 1.04; 95% CI 1.02, 1.07) were significantly associated with witnessing three or more overdoses. Conclusions Targeted interventions are needed to train persons witnessing an overdose to administer overdose-reversal medication. This includes targeting persons prior to release from prisons, drug treatment centers, and those accessing syringe exchange programs. Additional research should assess the burden of witnessing an overdose as well as locations for medication distribution. Assessments of the training capacity and needs for implementing these programs among drug using peers in Vietnam are of the utmost importance.
Stability of steady states of the Navier-Stokes-Poisson equations with non-flat doping profile
Creators: name: Tan, Zhong
name: Wang, Yanjin
name: Wang, Yong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We consider the stability of the steady state of the compressible Navier-Stokes-Poisson equations with the non-flat doping profile. We prove the global existence of classical solutions near the steady state for the large doping profile. For the small doping profile, we prove the time decay rates of the solution provided that the initial perturbation belongs to $L^p$ with $1\le p< 3/2$.
title: 4D lung SBRT: Dosimetric assessment using Gafchromic films
Creators: name: Lehmann, Joerg
Publisher: name: The Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Radiologists
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Lung
subject: Cone beam CT
subject: Physics
subject: Outcomes

description: Aim Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aim: A dynamic 'respiratory' thorax phantom has been developed at Prince of Wales Hospital (POWH) for commissioning/QA of hypo-fractionated 4D radiotherapy lung treatments [Ref. 1]. Economical and versatile, it has recently been modified to perform film...
title: Pre-treatment information needs and preferences of radiotherapy patients
Creators: name: Ripoli, Peter
Publisher: name: The Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Radiologists
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Patterns of Care
subject: Cancer
subject: Radiation therapy / Oncology
subject: Oncology

description: Aim Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aim: When patients commence radiotherapy (RT) it is vital they have a good understanding of their treatment and access to relevant information. This project aimed to determine whether the information received by patients commencing at the Peter MacCallum...
title: Derivation of late toxicity constraints from DVH data - impact of endpoint definition
Creators: name: Ebert, Martin
Publisher: name: The Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Radiologists
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Genital / Reproductive system male
subject: Radioprotection / Radiation dose
subject: CT
subject: Radiation therapy / Oncology
subject: Toxicity

description: Aim Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aim: Overview Reduction of three dimensional dose information via Dose Volume Histogram (DVH) representation has become standard practice for assessment, reporting and guiding radiotherapy treatment planning. DVH constraints are specific dose-volume...
Considering Human Aspects on Strategies for Designing and Managing Distributed Human Computation
Creators: name: Ponciano, Lesandro
name: Brasileiro, Francisco
name: Andrade, Nazareno
name: Sampaio, Lívia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: A human computation system can be viewed as a distributed system in which the processors are humans, called workers. Such systems harness the cognitive power of a group of workers connected to the Internet to execute relatively simple tasks, whose solutions, once grouped, solve a problem that systems equipped with only machines could not solve satisfactorily. Examples of such systems are Amazon Mechanical Turk and the Zooniverse platform. A human computation application comprises a group of tasks, each of them can be performed by one worker. Tasks might have dependencies among each other. In this study, we propose a theoretical framework to analyze such type of application from a distributed systems point of view. Our framework is established on three dimensions that represent different perspectives in which human computation applications can be approached: quality-of-service requirements, design and management strategies, and human aspects. By using this framework, we review human computation in the perspective of programmers seeking to improve the design of human computation applications and managers seeking to increase the effectiveness of human computation infrastructures in running such applications. In doing so, besides integrating and organizing what has been done in this direction, we also put into perspective the fact that the human aspects of the workers in such systems introduce new challenges in terms of, for example, task assignment, dependency management, and fault prevention and tolerance. We discuss how they are related to distributed systems and other areas of knowledge.
description: 3 figures, 1 table
Immunological and short-term brain volume changes in relapsing forms of multiple sclerosis treated with interferon beta-1a subcutaneously three times weekly: an open-label two-arm trial
Creators: name: Markovic-Plese, Silva
name: Zhang, Xin
name: Tao, Yazhong
Publisher: name: BioMed Central
Year: 2015

description: Abstract Background Brain volume atrophy is observed in relapsing–remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS). Methods Brain volume changes were evaluated in 23 patients with RRMS treated with interferon β-1a 44 μg given subcutaneously (SC) three times a week (tiw) and 15 healthy controls. Percentages of whole brain and tissue-specific volume change were measured from baseline (0 months) to 3 months, from 3 to 6 months, and from baseline to 6 months using SIENAX Multi Time Point (SX-MTP) algorithms. Immunological status of patients was also determined and correlations between subsets of T cells and changes in brain volume were assessed. Results Interferon β-1a 44 μg SC tiw in 23 patients with RRMS resulted in significant reductions in whole brain and gray matter tissue volume early in the treatment course (baseline to 3 months; mean change; –0.95 %; P = 0.030, –1.52 %; P = 0.004, respectively), suggesting a short-term treatment-induced pseudoatrophy effect. From baseline to 6 months, there were significant correlations observed between decreased T- cell expression of IL-17 F and decreased whole brain and brain tissue-specific volume. Conclusions These findings are consistent with the interpretation of the pseudoatrophy effect as resolution of inflammation following treatment initiation with interferon β-1a 44 μg SC tiw, rather than disease-related tissue loss. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov; NCT01085318
title: Media and Climate Change Observatory Monthly Summary: A foretaste of the future - Issue 79, July 2023
Creators: name: Boykoff, Max
name: Nacu-Schmidt, Ami
name: Pearman, Olivia
name: Fernández-Reyes, Rogelio
name: Katzung, Jennifer
Publisher: name: University of Colorado Boulder
Year: 2023

description:         July media coverage of climate change or global warming in newspapers around the globe increased 14% from June 2023 and was also 2% higher than July 2022 levels. Figure 1 shows trends in newspaper media coverage at the global scale – organized into seven geographical regions around the world – from January 2004 through July 2023. International wire services increased 19% from June 2023 (see Figure 2). Compared to the previous month, coverage surprisingly dipped in North America (-2%) but increased in all other regions that we monitor as part of the Media and Climate Change Observatory (MeCCO): in Asia (+1%), Africa (+2%), Latin America (+8%), Oceania (+12%), the European Union (EU) (+31%), and especially in the Middle East (+115%).
title: Radiation damage and repair in breast tissue - an in vivo assessment of a radiobiological model
Creators: name: Ebert, Martin
Publisher: name: The Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Radiologists
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Intraoperative
subject: Experimental
subject: Breast
subject: Toxicity

description: Aim Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aim: In intraoperative radiotherapy treatments with kilovoltage X-ray sources, changes in relative biological effectiveness (RBE) are expected with; distance from the source, due to changes in photon spectra and subsequently secondary electron spectra;...
APS 2018 Negative Emotion Differentiation With Tennen Data
Creators: name: Disabato, David
name: Brown, Bradley
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022

description: We are conducting secondary data analysis on a large, longitudinal, observational, survey dataset sent to us by colleagues, who collected the the data 10+ years ago. The research topic is emotion differentiation and its impact on the negative emotion down-regulation process.
Table S1;Table S2 from Long-term satellite tracking reveals patterns of long-distance dispersal in juvenile and adult Arctic foxes (Vulpes lagopus)
Creators: name: Gravel, Richard
name: Lai, Sandra
name: Berteaux, Dominique
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 60801 Animal Behaviour

description: Results of the statistical analyses testing the effect of sex on movement metrics during the transience stage of adult Arctic foxes undertaking breeding long-distance dispersal from Bylot Island (Nunavut, Canada). Superscripts indicate use of a permutation test because of non-normality of the data (1), or sample size reduced to n = 26 for All LDD (2).;ID, life stage, sex, and movement status of 170 individuals (148 adults and 22 juveniles) tracked to analyse long-distance dispersal of Arctic foxes from Bylot Island (Nunavut, Canada) between 2007 and 2021. Resident: territory holder; Transient: not a resident (removed from analyses); SDD: short-distance disperser (individual settled < 80 km from initial range); LDD: long-distance disperser (individual moved ≥ 80 km away from its territory with no permanent return); Interrupted LDD: individual may have started to disperse but nature of the movement unconfirmed because of collar failure or fox death (see Note); Removed from analyses: individual removed from analyses as tracking was too short due to premature collar failure or fox death (see Note).;Dynamic display of the transience phase of long-distance dispersal performed by 27 adult and 10 juvenile Arctic foxes equipped with Argos Platform Terminal Transmitters on Bylot Island (Nunavut, Canada) from 2007-2021. Each path line starting from Bylot Island represents one individual.
Intrinsic femtosecond charge generation dynamics in a single crystal organometal halide perovskite
Creators: name: Valverde-Chávez, David A.
name: Ponseca, Carlito
name: Stoumpos, Constantinos
name: Yartsev, Arkady
name: Kanatzidis, Mercouri G.
name: Sundström, Villy
name: Cooke, David G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Hybrid metal-organic perovskite solar cells have astounded the solar cell community with their rapid rise in efficiency over the past three years. Despite this success, the basic processes governing the photogeneration of free charges, particularly their dynamics and efficiency, remain unknown. Here we use ultrabroadband pulses of THz frequency light to see the intrinsic photophysical properties of single crystal lead halide perovskite just femtoseconds after a photon is first absorbed. Our spectra reveal the dynamics and efficiencies of free charge creation, the remarkable ease in which they move through the lattice and the complicated interplay between free and bound charges in these materials.
A nonextensive view of the stellar braking indices
Creators: name: de Freitas, D. B.
name: Cavalcante, F. J.
name: Soares, B. B.
name: Silva, J. R. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The present work is based on a description for the angular mometum loss rate due to magnetic braking for main-sequence stars on the relationship between stellar rotation and age. In general, this loss rate denoted by $\mathrm dJ/\mathrm dt$ depends on angular velocity $Ω$ in the form $\mathrm dJ/\mathrm dt\proptoΩ^{q}$, where $q$ is a parameter extracted from nonextensive statistical mechanics. Already, in context of stellar rotation, this parameter is greater than unity and it is directly related to the braking index. For $q$ equal to unity, the scenario of saturation of the magnetic field is recovered, otherwise $q$ indicates an unsaturated field. This new approach have been proposed and investigated by de Freitas \& De Medeiros for unsaturated field stars. In present work, we propose a nonextensive approach for the stellar rotational evolution based on the Reiners \& Mohanthy model. In this sense, we developed a nonextensive version of Reiners \& Mohanthy torque and also compare this generalized version with the model proposed in de Freitas \& De Medeiros based on the spin-down Kawaler torque for the main-sequence stars with F and G spectral types. We use the same sample of $\sim16 000$ field stars with rotational velocity $v \sin i$ limited in age and mass. As a result, we show that the Kawaler and Reiners \& Mohanthy models exhibit strong discrepancies, mainly in relation to the domain of validity of the entropic index $q$. These discrepancies are mainly due to sensitivity on the stellar radius. Finally, our results showed that modified Kawaler prescription is compatible with a wider mass range, while the Reiners \& Mohanty model is restricted to masses less than G6 stars.
description: 5 pages, 1 figure, Accepted for publication in Europhysics Letters. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1304.7644
Die Darstellung von Akkumulationsprozessen in Dorfgeschichten aus Siebenbürgen und dem Banat. Eine Längsschnittuntersuchung
Creators: name: Spiridon, Olivia
Publisher: name: Universität Tübingen
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Literaturwissenschaft
subject: 800

description: Zweitveröffentlichung
title: Understanding audit outcomes: A comparison of the ACDS and Clinical Trial audit philosophies
Creators: name: Williams, Ivan
Publisher: name: The Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Radiologists
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Radioprotection / Radiation dose
subject: Radiation physics
subject: CT
subject: Dosimetry
subject: Radiation therapy / Oncology
subject: Technical aspects
subject: Quality assurance
subject: Education and training

description: Aim Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aim: The Australian Clinical Dosimetry Service, (ACDS) has been funded by the Department of Health to perform dosimetric measurements within Australian radiotherapy facilities to mitigate against dosimetric mis-treatment. In contrast, clinical...
title: Moving Past Patria: Locating Memory in Contemporary Basque Literature
Creators: name: Olver, Thomas
Publisher: name: University of Liverpool Repository
Year: 2023

description: Whilst ETA’s definitive cessation of armed activity in 2011 marked the end of over half a century of violent conflict between the Basque separatist group and the Spanish state, a highly politicised dispute over historical memory has since arisen in the public arena. Commonly known as la batalla del relato (“the battle of the narrative”), these fractious debates over the causes and nature of the conflict have frequently constituted a zero-sum struggle to impose an overarching historical narrative. Alongside successive Spanish governments and the mainstream national media, both of which have strenuously promoted a dehistoricised, Manichean interpretation of the conflict, an array of cultural depictions have emerged over the last decade that have simultaneously perpetuated such a narrative. After establishing this context as the starting point for this thesis, I offer a critical examination of the reception of one such work - Fernando Aramburu’s best-selling novel Patria. It outlines the extent to which Patria has been cynically co-opted by the Spanish political and media establishment who, in heralding the novel as a totalising and objective account of ETA’s violence, have sought to bolster the hegemonic state-aligned narrative on the Basque conflict. Thereafter, the central chapters of this thesis explore five separate novels written by female Basque authors during the post-conflict period. Focusing on the representation of location in these works, my analysis draws on feminist epistemology and feminist theories of place derived primarily from human geography to examine the ways in which these novels problematise stable perceptions of place, deploying this as a means of equally subverting static and unreflective articulations of memory, particularly in relation to the conflict period. In carrying out this analysis, this thesis seeks to demonstrate the extent to which these authors resist the antagonistic approach to memory that has become synonymous with la batalla del relato. It contends that their novels instead pursue an agonistic attitude towards remembering the past that is grounded in a more productive conceptualisation of memory as a reflexive, multiperspectival and non-Manichean process. By making this case, this thesis emphasises the potential status of these works as an effective counterpoint to the totalising pretensions of Aramburu’s novel, as well as to the conflictual perspectives towards historical memory that have shaped public discourse on the Basque conflict within Spain.
Modelling Dust Scattering in our Galaxy
Creators: name: Murthy, Jayant
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: I have used Monte Carlo models with multiple scattering to predict the dust scattered light from our Galaxy and have compared the predictions with data in two UV bands from the GALEX spacecraft. I find that 90\% of the scattered light arises from less than 1000 stars with 25\% from the 10 brightest. About half of the diffuse radiation originates within 200 pc of the Sun with a maximum distance of 600 pc. Multiple scattering is important at any optical depth with 30\% of the flux being multiply scattered even at zero reddening. I find that the global distribution of the scattered light is insensitive to the dust distribution with grains of $0.3 < a < 0.5$ and $g < 0.6$. There is an offset between the model and the data of 100 and 200 ph cm$^{-2}$ s$^{-1}$ sr$^{-1}$ Å$^{-1}$ in the FUV and NUV, respectively, at the poles rising to 200 --- 400 ph cm$^{-2}$ s$^{-1}$ sr$^{-1}$ Å$^{-1}$ at lower latitudes. The Monte Carlo code and the models of diffuse radiation for different values of the optical constants are available for download.
description: 12 pages, 19 figures
Examination of youth sexual and reproductive health transitions in Nigeria and Kenya using longitudinal data
Creators: name: Corroon, Meghan
name: Calhoun, Lisa M
name: Speizer, Ilene
name: O’Hara, Rick
name: Guilkey, David
Publisher: name: BioMed Central
Year: 2017

description: Abstract Background The adolescent (ages 15–19) and young adult (ages 20–24) years are a crucial time as many sexual and reproductive health (SRH) transitions take place in these years. The study of youth SRH transitions in sub-Saharan Africa is limited due to a paucity of longitudinal data needed to examine the timing and circumstances of these transitions. Methods This paper uses recently collected longitudinal data from select urban areas in Kenya and Nigeria that include a large youth sample at baseline (2010/2011) and endline (2014). We control for unobserved heterogeneity in our modelling approach to correct for selectivity issues that are often ignored in similar types of analyses. Results We demonstrate that the transition patterns (i.e., sexual initiation, first marriage, and first pregnancy/birth) differ within and across the urban areas and countries studied. Urban Kenyan youth have more premarital sex and pregnancy than youth from the Nigerian cities. Further analyses demonstrate that more educated and wealthier youth transition later than their less educated and poorer counterparts. Conclusions The findings from this study can be used to inform programs seeking to serve young people based on their varying reproductive health needs in different contexts over the adolescent and young adult years.
title: Evaluation of different Wintson-Lutz analyses
Creators: name: Alzaidi, Samara
Publisher: name: The Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Radiologists
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Radiation physics
subject: Digital radiography
subject: Stereotactic radiotherapy
subject: Quality assurance

description: Aim Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aim: The Winston Lutz Test (WLT) is a quality assurance technique used to evaluate the linear accelerator radiation isocentre for stereotactic radiosurgery treatments. The WLT is based on taking EPID (Electronic Portal Imaging Device) images of a pointer...
Spectral Gap and Edge Excitations of $d$-dimensional PVBS models on half-spaces
Creators: name: Bishop, Michael
name: Nachtergaele, Bruno
name: Young, Amanda
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze a class of quantum spin models defined on half-spaces in the $d$-dimensional hypercubic lattice bounded by a hyperplane with inward unit normal vector $m\in\mathbb{R}^d$. The family of models was previously introduced as the single species Product Vacua with Boundary States (PVBS) model, which is a spin-$1/2$ model with a XXZ-type nearest neighbor interactions depending on parameters $λ_j\in (0,\infty)$, one for each coordinate direction. For any given values of the parameters, we prove an upper bound for the spectral gap above the unique ground state of these models, which vanishes for exactly one direction of the normal vector $m$. For all other choices of $m$ we derive a positive lower bound of the spectral gap, except for the case $λ_1 =\cdots =λ_d=1$, which is known to have gapless excitations in the bulk.
Scalar triplet on a domain wall: an exact solution
Creators: name: Gani, Vakhid A.
name: Lizunova, Mariya A.
name: Radomskiy, Roman V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study a model with a real scalar Higgs field and a scalar triplet field that allows existence of a topological defect -- a domain wall. The wall breaks the global $O(3)$ symmetry of the model, which gives rise to non-Abelian orientational degrees of freedom. We found an exact analytic solution that describes a domain wall with a localized configuration of the triplet field on it. This solution enables one to calculate contributions to the action from the orientational and translational degrees of freedom of the triplet field. We also study the linear stability of the domain wall with the triplet field switched off. We obtain that degrees of freedom localized on the wall can appear or do not appear depending on the parameters of the model.
description: 14 pages, 4 figures; v2: typos corrected, references added, minor changes to match version published in JHEP
Changes in cigarette smoking initiation, cessation, and relapse among U.S. adults: a comparison of two longitudinal samples
Creators: name: Hassmiller Lich, Kristen
name: Yi, Zinan
name: Mayorga, Maria E.
name: Pearson, Jennifer L.
Publisher: name: BioMed Central
Year: 2017

description: Abstract Background The tobacco epidemic in the U.S. has matured in the past decade. However, due to rapidly changing social policy and commercial environments, tailored prevention and interventions are needed to support further reduction in smoking. Methods Using Tobacco Use Supplement to the Current Population Survey (TUS-CPS) 2002–2003 and 2010–2011 longitudinal cohorts, five smoking states are defined including daily-heavy, daily-light, non-daily, former and non-smoker. We quantified the changes between smoking states for the two longitudinal cohorts, and used a series of multivariable logistic regression models to examine the association of socio-demographic attributes and initial smoking states on smoking initiation, cessation, and relapse between waves within each cohort. Results The prevalence of adult heavy smoking decreased from 9.9% (95% CI: 9.6%, 10.2%) in 2002 to 7.1% (95% CI: 6.9%, 7.4%) in 2010. Non-daily smokers were less likely to quit in the 2010–2011 cohort than the 2002–2003 cohort (37.0% vs. 44.9%). Gender, age group, smoker type, race and marital status exhibit similar patterns in terms of their association to the odds of initiation, cessation and relapse between the two cohorts, while education groups showed some inconsistent results between the two cohorts regarding the odds of cessation. Conclusions Transitions between smoking states are complex and increasingly unstable, requiring a holistic, population-based perspective to understand the stocks and flows that ultimately dictate the public health impact of cigarette smoking behavior. This knowledge helps to identify groups in need of increased tobacco control prevention and intervention efforts.
title: The use of SpaceOAR hydrogel in dose-escalated prostate cancer radiotherapy and its impact on rectal dosimetry
Creators: name: Alfieri, Florencia
Publisher: name: The Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Radiologists
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Pelvis
subject: MR
subject: CT
subject: Intensity Modulated Radiotherapy (IMRT)
subject: Radiation therapy / Oncology
subject: Cancer
subject: Dosimetric comparison
subject: Radiotherapy techniques

description: Aim Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aim: Dose escalation can be beneficial in prostate cancer radiotherapy but is limited by the anterior rectal wall sitting adjacent to the prostate. (1-5) SpaceOAR TM hydrogel is a material injected between the rectum and prostate to create a temporary...
Use of ultrasound to guide Return To Play (RTP) decisions following hamstring muscle injuries: a scoping review
Creators: name: Salman, David
name: O'Leary, Francis
name: Patel, Jignisha
name: Jones, Rebecca
name: Korgaonkar, Jonathan
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: Life Sciences
subject: Hamstring
subject: Return to Play
subject: Ultrasound

description: 1.0 Objective To map the various ways in which ultrasound technology has been used to guide rehabilitation decisions and Return To Play (RTP) following hamstring muscle injuries, and summarise the evidence. To do this, we have extended our search to muscle injuries of the lower limb. 2.0 Questions (i) Can ultrasound be used to guide return to play (RTP) or rehabilitation decisions following hamstring muscle injuries? (ii) how has ultrasound been used to guide RTP decisions in other lower-limb muscle groups, and can these principles be applied to hamstring muscle injuries? (iii) What forms of ultrasound have been tried to guide RTP decisions following muscle injury?
Near-Infrared Spectroscopy of Quasars at z~3 and Estimates of Their Supermassive Black Hole Masses
Creators: name: Saito, Yuriko
name: Imanishi, Masatoshi
name: Minowa, Yosuke
name: Morokuma, Tomoki
name: Kawaguchi, Toshihiro
name: Sameshima, Hiroaki
name: Minezaki, Takeo
name: Oi, Nagisa
name: Nagao, Tohru
name: Kawatatu, Nozomu
name: Matsuoka, Kenta
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the results of new infrared spectroscopic observations of 37 quasars at z~3, selected based on the optical r'-band magnitude and the availability of nearby bright stars for future imaging follow-up with Adaptive Optics system. The supermassive black hole (SMBH) masses (M_BH) were successfully estimated in 28 out of 37 observed objects from the combination of the H_beta emission linewidth and continuum luminosity at rest-frame 5100A. Comparing these results with those from previous studies of quasars with similar redshift, our sample exhibited slightly lower (~ -0.11 dex in median) Eddington ratios; and, the SMBH masses are slightly (~ 0.38 dex in median) higher. The SMBH growth time, t_grow, was calculated by dividing the estimated SMBH mass by the mass accretion rate measured using optical luminosity. We found, given reasonable assumptions, that t_grow was smaller than the age of the universe at the redshift of individual quasars for a large fraction of observed sources, suggesting that the SMBHs in many of our observed quasars are in growing phase with high accretion rates. A comparison of the SMBH masses derived from our H_beta data and archived CIV data indicated considerable scattering, as indicated in previous studies. All quasars with measured SMBH masses have at least one nearby bright star, such that they are suitable targets for adaptive optics observations to study the mass relationship between SMBHs and host galaxies' stellar component at high redshift.
description: 32 pages, 7 figures, accepted for publication in PASJ
title: Spazio Forma Idea. Zapis dyskusji akademickiej o idei architektury współczesnej – noty z seminarium naukowego
Creators: name: Bonenberg, Agata
name: Lucchini, Marco
Publisher: name: Publishing House of Poznan University of Technology
Year: 2023

description: Zeszyty Naukowe Politechniki Poznańskiej. Architektura, Urbanistyka, Architektura Wnętrz, 13, 13-21
Tuberculosis among health care workers in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa: a retrospective cohort analysis
Creators: name: Tudor, Carrie
name: Farley, Jason E
name: Van der Walt, Martie
name: Dorman, Susan E
name: Pan, William K
name: Yenokyan, Gayane
name: Margot, Bruce
Publisher: name: BioMed Central Ltd
Year: 2014

description: Abstract Background Tuberculosis (TB) is an occupational hazard for health care workers (HCWs) who are at greater risk of developing TB than the general population. The objective of this study was to compare the difference in TB incidence among HCWs with versus without a history of working in TB wards, to estimate the incidence of TB among HCWs, and to identify risk factors for TB disease in HCWs. Methods A retrospective cohort study (January 2006 to December 2010) was conducted in three district hospitals in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. Data were abstracted via chart review from occupational health medical records. Bivariate and multivariate analyses were performed using a Poisson multilevel mixed model. Results Of 1,313 (92%) medical charts reviewed with data on location of work documented, 112 (9%) cases of TB were identified. Among HCWs with TB 14 (13%) had multidrug-resistant TB. Thirty-six (32%) were cured, 33 (29%) completed treatment, and 13 (12%) died. An increased incidence of TB was reported for HCWs with a history of working in TB wards (incidence rate ratio [IRR] 2.03, 95% CI 1.11-3.71), pediatric wards (IRR 1.82 95% CI 1.07-3.10), outpatient departments (IRR 2.08 95% CI 1.23-3.52), and stores/workshop (IRR 2.38 95% CI 1.06-5.34) compared with those without such a history. HCWs living with HIV had a greater incidence of TB (IRR 3.2, 95% CI 1.54-6.66) than HIV-negative HCWs. TB incidence among HCWs was approximately two-fold greater than that of the general population over the study period. Conclusions HCWs working in a TB ward had an increased incidence of TB. However, a greater incidence of TB was also found in HCWs working in other wards including pediatric wards, outpatient departments and stores. We also identified a greater incidence of TB among HCWs than the general population. These findings further support the need for improved infection control measures not only in TB or drug-resistant TB wards or areas perceived to be at high-risk but also throughout hospitals to protect HCWs. Additionally, it is recommended for occupational health services to routinely screen HCWs for TB and provide HCWs with access to care for TB and HIV.
title: Seven-year diagnostic radiology audit results at a principle referral and regional trauma centre
Creators: name: Freebody, John
Publisher: name: The Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Radiologists
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quality assurance
subject: Audit and standards
subject: RIS
subject: PACS
subject: Professional issues

description: Aim Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aim: Retrospectively assess diagnostic errors and associated modalities that were presented for discussion at regular Gosford Hospital radiology audit meetings over a seven-year...
title: The abdominal x ray, even less useful than previously thought
Creators: name: Kamalasena, Gihan
Publisher: name: The Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Radiologists
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Obstruction / Occlusion
subject: Ischaemia / Infarction
subject: Foreign bodies
subject: Colonography CT
subject: Conventional radiography
subject: CT
subject: Gastrointestinal tract
subject: Emergency
subject: Abdomen

description: Aim Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aim: 1) To determine the prevalence of appropriately performed abdominal X rays in Emergency Department 2) Correlation of Abdominal X ray report diagnosis and discharge diagnosis 3) The proportion of patient who received additional CT imaging....
National Trust Arts, Buildings & Collections Bulletin, Spring 2009
Creators: name: National Trust
Publisher: name: National Trust
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Garden history
subject: Plant collections
subject: Collections
subject: Architectural history
subject: Arts
subject: Curation
subject: Historic families
subject: Curation & Experience
subject: Books and libraries
subject: Conservation
subject: Architecture
subject: FOS: Civil engineering

description: The Arts, Buildings & Collections (ABC) Bulletin was published between 2006 and 2022, aimed at external readers with an interest in conservation and curatorial work. ABC was distributed in PDF format as an email attachment to direct subscribers, relevant National Trust staff and volunteers, and was available to download from the Trust website. Each issue was around 35 pages, colour-illustrated, with around five scholarly articles and three shorter features covering NT exhibitions and events, new publications, conservation news, acquisitions, loans, etc. Publication continued until 2022, when the Bulletin was replaced by the Cultural Heritage Magazine.
description: Swindon, UK
SUSY effects in $R_b$: revisited under current experimental constraints
Creators: name: Su, Wei
name: Yang, Jin Min
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this note we revisit the SUSY effects in $R_b$ under current experimental constraints including the LHC Higgs data, the $B$-physics measurements, the dark matter relic density and direct detection limits, as well as the precision electroweak data. We first perform a scan to figure out the currently allowed parameter space and then display the SUSY effects in $R_b$. We find that although the SUSY parameter space has been severely restrained by current experimental data, both the general MSSM and the natural-SUSY scenario can still alter $R_b$ with a magnitude sizable enough to be observed at future $Z$-factories (ILC, CEPC, FCC-ee, Super $Z$-factory) which produce $10^9-10^{12}$ $Z$-bosons. To be specific, assuming a precise measurement $δR_b = 2.0 \times 10^{-5}$ at FCC-ee, we can probe a right-handed stop up to 530 GeV through chargino-stop loops, probe a sbottom to 850 GeV through neutralino-sbottom loops and a charged Higgs to 770 GeV through the Higgs-top quark loops for a large $\text{tan}β$. The full one-loop SUSY correction to $R_b$ can reach $1 \times 10^{-4}$ in natural SUSY and $2 \times 10^{-4}$ in the general MSSM.
description: 11 pages, 16 figures, new figures added
title: Moving beyond 3%/3mm gamma criterion for IMRT/VMAT patient specific QA
Creators: name: Hindmarsh, Jonathan
Publisher: name: The Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Radiologists
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quality assurance
subject: VMAT and Tomotherapy
subject: Intensity Modulated Radiotherapy (IMRT)
subject: Radiation physics

description: Aim Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aim: There have been a number of articles published recently that indicate a gamma index [1] acceptance criteria of 3% dose difference, 3mm distance to agreement and global dose normalisation (3%G/3mm) is not sensitive enough to detect clinically...
Formal Support for Standardizing Protocols with State
Creators: name: Guttman, Joshua D.
name: Liskov, Moses D.
name: Ramsdell, John D.
name: Rowe, Paul D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Many cryptographic protocols are designed to achieve their goals using only messages passed over an open network. Numerous tools, based on well-understood foundations, exist for the design and analysis of protocols that rely purely on message passing. However, these tools encounter difficulties when faced with protocols that rely on non-local, mutable state to coordinate several local sessions. We adapt one of these tools, {\cpsa}, to provide automated support for reasoning about state. We use Ryan's Envelope Protocol as an example to demonstrate how the message-passing reasoning can be integrated with state reasoning to yield interesting and powerful results. Keywords: protocol analysis tools, stateful protocols, TPM, PKCS#11.
Distribution, causes and nature of natural landslides in Devon and Cornwall
Creators: name: Foster, Claire
Publisher: name: University of Plymouth
Year: 2007

description: Between 1985 and 1990 a computerised database was assembled that contains information concerning the distribution and nature of 9000 landslides in Great Britain. The South West accounts for 1,700 of the listed slope failures. Problems have arisen because in many areas the database merely serves as an archive of previous studies and is not a true representation of landsliding in an area. The aim of this research was to identify landslide environments correlated with landslide frequency and character and through this develop a landslide susceptibility map. Analyses were undertaken so that distinct inland and coastal landslide environments could be defined. These landslide environments characterised the likely extent and type of landslides that would occur in each land system. In order to compile data over such a large region a land systems approach was taken to characterise areas where the geological and geomorphological conditions were similar. The methods used for primary data collection were aerial photograph interpretation, airborne thematic mapper data, terrain evaluation and limited field mapping for ground truthing purposes. This landslide susceptibility map used probability to assess the relative importance of parameters important to slope stability. The landslide susceptibility map, along with the landslide environments, highlighted areas were landsliding was more prevalent as well as identifying areas where landsliding is less likely to occur. Two landslide environments were identified as being particularly susceptible to landsliding, and this was primarily related to geological conditions. It was found that within environments changes in topography also acted as a strong control on the nature and extent of landsliding. It is anticipated that the method used for assessing landslide susceptibility could have widespread application in all GIS based landslide studies and can be used to develop the potential of the complete UK landslide database, once the rest of the original data have been updated.
Multi-channel entanglement distribution using spatial multiplexing from four-wave mixing in atomic vapor
Creators: name: Gupta, Prasoon
name: Horrom, Travis
name: Anderson, Brian E.
name: Glasser, Ryan
name: Lett, Paul D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Four-wave mixing in atomic vapor allows for the generation of multi-spatial-mode states of light containing many pairs of two-mode entangled vacuum beams. This in principle can be used to send independent secure keys to multiple parties simultaneously using a single light source. In our experiment, we demonstrate this spatial multiplexing of information by selecting three independent pairs of entangled modes and performing continuous-variable measurements to verify the correlations between entangled partners. In this way, we generate three independent pairs of correlated random bit streams that could be used as secure keys. We then demonstrate a classical four-party secret sharing scheme as an example for how this spatially multiplexed source could be used.
description: Accepted in Journal of Modern Optics, 7 pages, 3 figures, 2 tables
Design of the Prevention of Adult Caries Study (PACS): a randomized clinical trial assessing the effect of a chlorhexidine dental coating for the prevention of adult caries
Creators: name: Bader, James D
Publisher: name: BioMed Central Ltd
Year: 2010

description: Abstract Background Dental caries is one of the primary causes of tooth loss among adults. It is estimated to affect a majority of Americans aged 55 and older, with a disproportionately higher burden in disadvantaged populations. Although a number of treatments are currently in use for caries prevention in adults, evidence for their efficacy and effectiveness is limited. Methods/Design The Prevention of Adult Caries Study (PACS) is a multicenter, placebo-controlled, double-blind, randomized clinical trial of the efficacy of a chlorhexidine (10% w/v) dental coating in preventing adult caries. Participants (n = 983) were recruited from four different dental delivery systems serving four diverse communities, including one American Indian population, and were randomized to receive either chlorhexidine or a placebo treatment. The primary outcome is the net caries increment (including non-cavitated lesions) from baseline to 13 months of follow-up. A cost-effectiveness analysis also will be considered. Discussion This new dental treatment, if efficacious and approved for use by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), would become a new in-office, anti-microbial agent for the prevention of adult caries in the United States. Trial Registration Number NCT00357877
The Omicron (B.1.1.529) wave in Mexico: Vaccine protection against progression to severe COVID-19 in SARS-CoV-2-infected workers. Supplementary Material.
Creators: name: Hernández-Ávila, Mauricio
name: Vieyra-Romero, Waldo
name: Gutiérrez-Díaz, Hector
name: Zepeda-Tello, Rodrigo
name: Alpuche-Aranda, Celia
name: Eugenio Hernández-Ávila, Juan
name: Barros-Sierra, David
name: Duque-Molina, Celida
name: Tamayo-Ortiz, Marcela
name: Barrientos-Gutiérrez, Inti
name: Carnalla-Cortés, M
name: Dyer-Leal, Dwight
name: López-Ridaura, Ruy
name: López-Gatell, Hugo
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 420202
subject: Disease surveillance

description: Supplementary Tables. Table S1. Overall comparison of workers who required an Respiratory Disease Short Term Disability Claim (RD-STDC)- total and study population- by vaccination, sex, age, state, epi. week, income and vaccines.Table S2. Overall distribution workers who required an RD-STDC (total population) according to vaccination status and type of vaccine received by sex, age group, income quartile, and state of residency.Table 3. Relative risks for COVID-19 test, hospitalization or death associated among workers using adjusted Poisson regression models.