cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Additional file 1 of Associations between sedentary behaviour patterns and depression among people aged 60 and older in Hebei Province of China
Creators: name: Wang, Jiaqi
name: Li, Ruiqiang
name: Zhang, Limin
name: Gao, Xian
name: Zhou, Meiqi
name: Zhang, Xinjing
name: Ma, Yuxia
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Neuroscience
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: Mental Health

description: Additional file 1: Supplementary Table 1. The characteristics of the participants excluded. Supplementary Table 2. Characteristics of the study sample. Supplementary Table 3. Associations between depression and sedentary behaviors (SBs) assessed by multivariable logistic. Supplementary Table 4. Associations between depression and different mentally active sedentary behaviors (SBs) assessed by multivariable logistic.
Pseudocistela Crotch 1873
Creators: name: Novák, Vladimír
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2013
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Tenebrionidae
Pseudocistela

description: Key to the males of the West Palaearctic species of Pseudocistela
 1. Body length 6 mm. Antennomeres 1 and 2 yellow. Syria..................................................................................................................................... P. impressicollis (Chevrolat, 1873)
– Body at least 10 mm long. Antennomeres 1–11 black................................................... 2
2. Pronotum conical in outline, sides directly narrowed; each of antennomeres 4–10 2.5–3 times longer than antennomere 3, and each of antennomeres 7–9 less than three times longer than wide............................................................................................................. 3
 – Pronotum more semicircular in outline, sides of pronotum distinctly rounded; each of antennomeres 4–10 only approximately twice longer than antennomere 3, and each of antennomeres 7–9 more than three times longer than wide. Habitus as in Fig. 3; head and pronotum as in Fig. 13; antennae as in Fig. 14; aedeagus as in Figs 15, 16. Iran...............................................................................................................  P. hajeki sp. nov.
 3. Antennomeres 4 and 5 more than 2.25 times longer than wide. PI near 60. Habitus as in Fig. 4; head and pronotum as in Fig. 17; antennae as in Fig. 18. Azerbaijan............................................................................................... P. znojkoi (Iablokoff-Khnzorian, 1959)
 – Antennomeres 4 and 5 only approximately twice longer than wide. PI near 50. Habitus as in Fig. 1; head and pronotum as in Fig. 5; antennae as in Fig. 6; aedeagus as in Figs 9, 10. West Palaearctic Region........................................ P. ceramboides (Linnaeus, 1758)
description: Published as part of Novák, Vladimír, 2013, Review of the West Palaearctic Pseudocistela with description of P. hajeki sp. nov. from Iran (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae: Alleculinae), pp. 293-301 in Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 53 (1) on pages 294-295, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5740282
CORAÇÃO DE MÃE – RELATO DO DESENVOLVIMENTO DE UM APLICATIVO PARA AUXÍLIO ÀS GESTANTES DURANTE PRÉ-NATAL, PARTO E PUERPÉRIO.
Creators: name: Melo, Lucas
name: Carvalho, Gabriela
name: Vieira, Mirella
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: gravidez, tecnologia, parto, assistência

description: Nowadays, even with the wide dissemination of information and the easy access to technologies, many pregnant women do not have an efficient prenatal care. This is due to the lack of preparation concerning health professionals, often prioritizing the needs of doctors over women and babies. Also, the appreciation of superfluous themes by apps and the media, such as baby showers, over important issues, such as the birth plan, which many pregnant women are unaware of. The consequences range from postpartum depression and obstetric violence to unnecessary cesarean sections and fetal mortality. Thus, it is clear the need to create an accessible, didactic and resourceful app to help women in their empowerment in this very important phase of life.
Additional file 6 of Single-molecule long-read sequencing reveals the potential impact of posttranscriptional regulation on gene dosage effects on the avian Z chromosome
Creators: name: Wang, Jianmei
name: Xi, Yang
name: Ma, Shengchao
name: Qi, Jingjing
name: Li, Junpeng
name: Zhang, Rongping
name: Han, Chunchun
name: Li, Liang
name: Wang, Jiwen
name: Liu, Hehe
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 6: Figure S3. Comparison transcript expression levels of autosomal and Z chromosome (CPM > 0). The M: F (male: female) ratio distributions on the Z chromosome and the autosomes for the gonad (a), head skin (b). Violin plots of the Z chromosome and the autosomes transcript expression for each tissue in males (ZZ: AA) and females (Z: AA) (c). Reads counts were converted to counts per million (CPM) values to measure the expression of transcripts. Values are represented on log2-transformed CPM scale (the outliers of |log2 FC| > 5). For simplicity, chromosome W, 31, and 33 are not included. The red lines indicate equal expression levels between females and males on the chromosome.
Pseudogap and Superconducting Fluctuations in High-Tc Cuprates
Creators: name: Onoda, Shigeki
name: Imada, Masatoshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze pseudogap phenomena widely observed in the underdoped cuprates. We assume the existence of a strong d-wave pairing force competing with antiferromagnetic(AFM) fluctuations and the formation of flat and damped dispersion around the $(π,0)$ and $(0,π)$ region as two important elements caused by the proximity from the Mott insulator. Using the mode-mode coupling theory for the d-wave superconducting(dSC) and AFM fluctuations, we reproduce basic properties of the pseudogap seen in the magnetic resonance, neutron scattering, angle resolved photoemission and tunneling measurements in the cuprates. Then minimal requirements to understand the pseudogap phenomena are clarified as the above two elements. A strong competition of the pairing with the antiferromagnetic fluctuations suppresses the transition temperature thereby generates the pseudogap in the underdoped region while the weakness of the AFM fluctuations leads to the absence of the pseudogap at the optimal doping concentration.}
description: 13 pages including 4 figures, to appear in J. Phys. Soc. Jpn. Suppl
Survival-Time Distribution for Inelastic Collapse
Creators: name: Swift, Michael R.
name: Bray, Alan J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In a recent publication [PRL {\bf 81}, 1142 (1998)] it was argued that a randomly forced particle which collides inelastically with a boundary can undergo inelastic collapse and come to rest in a finite time. Here we discuss the survival probability for the inelastic collapse transition. It is found that the collapse-time distribution behaves asymptotically as a power-law in time, and that the exponent governing this decay is non-universal. An approximate calculation of the collapse-time exponent confirms this behaviour and shows how inelastic collapse can be viewed as a generalised persistence phenomenon.
description: 4 pages, RevTeX
Experimental limit on an exotic parity-odd spin- and velocity-dependent interaction using an optically polarized vapor
Creators: name: Kim, Young Jin
name: Chu, Ping-Han
name: Savukov, Igor
name: Newman, Shaun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Exotic spin-dependent interactions between fermions have recently attracted attention in relation to theories beyond the Standard Model. The exotic interactions can be mediated by hypothetical fundamental bosons which may explain several unsolved mysteries in physics. Here we expand this area of research by probing an exotic parity-odd spin- and velocity-dependent interaction between the axial-vector electron coupling and the vector nucleon coupling for polarized electrons. This experiment utilizes a high-sensitivity atomic magnetometer, based on an optically polarized vapor that is a source of polarized electrons, and a solid-state mass containing unpolarized nucleons. The atomic magnetometer can detect an effective magnetic field induced by the exotic interaction between unpolarized nucleons and polarized electrons. We set an experimental limit on the electron-nucleon coupling $g_\text{A}^\text{e} g_\text{V}^\text{N}
description: 17 pages, 5 figures
Tidal effects away from the equatorial plane in Kerr backgrounds
Creators: name: Banerjee, Pritam
name: Paul, Suvankar
name: Shaikh, Rajibul
name: Sarkar, Tapobrata
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study tidal effects on self-gravitating Newtonian stars rotating around a Kerr black hole in stable circular orbits away from the equatorial plane. Such cases are exemplified by a non-vanishing Carter's constant. Here, we calculate the tidal disruption limit (Roche limit) of the star numerically, in Fermi normal coordinates. The Roche limit is found to depend strongly on the choice of the orbit, and differs significantly from the equatorial plane result as one approaches nearly polar orbits. As expected, this difference is large when the star is close to the black hole (near to the innermost stable circular orbit) and becomes smaller when the star is far from it. We also discuss the dependence of the Roche limit on the equation of state of the star, taking two specific parameter values as examples.
description: Discussions improved. Some figures are slightly modified
title: Supplemental Readings and Practice Problems for "What Counts and What Gets Counted"
Creators: name: Bentley, Jeremiah
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: managerial reporting
subject: accounting
subject: performance reporting
subject: measurement
subject: economics
subject: compensation
subject: strategy
subject: Balanced Scorecard
subject: Two-Stage Costing
subject: Standard Costing
subject: Death Spiral
subject: Accounting
subject: Behavioral Economics
subject: Management Information Systems
subject: Organizational Behavior and Theory

description: “What Counts and What Gets Counted” (Bloomfield 2016)[1] is an innovative way of teaching managerial accounting. The 1st edition of the book won the 2014 Jim Bulloch Award for Innovations in Management Accounting Education, and has only gotten better since then. However, the book suffers from two significant limitations. First, the book was intended primarily for MBA students, not for accounting undergrads. As a result, the book doesn’t go into sufficient depth on some of the technical topics that accounting majors need to understand. Second, the book lacks a bank of practice problems and solutions for students to use as they are learning material. Here I present two supplemental readings and a set of practice problems that can be used to supplement “What Counts and What Gets Counted” and make it more appropriate for use by undergraduate accounting majors. [1] Available for free at https://ssrn.com/abstract=2427106.
Additional file 1: of Joint effects of group sex-ratio and Wolbachia infection on female reproductive success in the terrestrial isopod Armadillidium vulgare
Creators: name: Fortin, Margot
name: Meunier, Joël
name: Laverré, Tiffany
name: Souty-Grosset, Catherine
name: Freddie-Jeanne Richard
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: Table S1. Full model. The proportion of gravid females was shaped by a triple interaction between Wolbachia infection, group sex-ratio and month. The full model results of the measured parameters are presented. (DOCX 12 kb)
Shear-induced first-order transition in polar liquid crystals
Creators: name: Markovich, Tomer
name: Tjhung, Elsen
name: Cates, Michael E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The hydrodynamic theory of polar liquid crystals is widely used to describe biological active fluids as well as passive molecular materials. Depending on the `shear-alignment parameter', in passive or weakly active polar fluids under external shear the polar order parameter ${\mathbf{p}}$ is either inclined to the flow at a fixed (Leslie) angle, or rotates continuously. Here we study the role of an additional `shear-elongation parameter' that has been neglected in the recent literature and causes $|{\mathbf{p}}|$ to change under flow. We show that this effect can give rise to a shear-induced first order phase transition %(instead of the usual second order transition) from isotropic to polar, and significantly change the rheological properties of both active and passive polar fluids.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures
Sequence Learning with RNNs for Medical Concept Normalization in User-Generated Texts
Creators: name: Tutubalina, Elena
name: Miftahutdinov, Zulfat
name: Nikolenko, Sergey
name: Malykh, Valentin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this work, we consider the medical concept normalization problem, i.e., the problem of mapping a disease mention in free-form text to a concept in a controlled vocabulary, usually to the standard thesaurus in the Unified Medical Language System (UMLS). This task is challenging since medical terminology is very different when coming from health care professionals or from the general public in the form of social media texts. We approach it as a sequence learning problem, with recurrent neural networks trained to obtain semantic representations of one- and multi-word expressions. We develop end-to-end neural architectures tailored specifically to medical concept normalization, including bidirectional LSTM and GRU with an attention mechanism and additional semantic similarity features based on UMLS. Our evaluation over a standard benchmark shows that our model improves over a state of the art baseline for classification based on CNNs.
description: Machine Learning for Health (ML4H) Workshop at NeurIPS 2018 arXiv:1811.07216
PESQUISA BIBLIOMÉTRICA SOBRE INTELIGÊNCIA ARTIFICIAL EXPLICÁVEL E AS TÉCNICAS USADAS PARA A SUA APLICAÇÃO
Creators: name: S. Avelar Filho, Jeronimo
name: Pimentel da Silva, Miguel
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: inteligência artificial explicável, xai , deep learning, lime, imagens médicas
xai, explainable artificial intelligence, xai, deep learning, lime, medical imaging

description: Resumo - O presente estudo teve como objetivo apresentar o panorama atual das pesquisas relacionadas as técnicas para obtenção de explicações sobre como modelos de machine learning para inteligência artificial, e em especial os modelos de deep learning, geram predições e classificações. A pesquisa em inteligência artificial explicável está sendo cada vez mais ampliada, devido a necessidade de obtenção de resultados que sejam aceitos e compreendidos pelos usuários, principalmente os relacionados a análise de imagens médicas. Foi realizada pesquisa exploratória na base de dados Scopus, de abordagem quantitativa, por meio da Teoria do Enfoque Meta Analítico Consolidado, TEMAC [1] . A pesquisa foi limitada aos ultimos 10 anos e os dados obtidos mostraram que houve crescimento significativo no interesse sobre o tema . Este interesse também está alinhado com as orientações surgidas com a GPDR - General Data Protection Regulation da União Européia [2] e a futura Lei Geral de Proteção De Dados – LGPD [3], relacionadas com o direito a explicação. Identificou-se que a técnica mais citada para explicar as decisões tomadas por algoritmos de machine learning é a LIME [4]. Abstract—The objective of this study was to present a systematic review of recent techniques for explaining predictions and classifications, obtained from deep neural network algorithms and machine learning in general . The XAI - Explainable Artificial Intelligence is an area on great demand, as the users of the results predictors and classifiers based on artificial intelligence, need an explanation of why such a result was obtained, with special focus on medical imaging analysis. This paper is the result of a systematic research using the Teoria do Enfoque Meta Analítico Consolidado, TEMAC[1]. We have defined a string for searching papers on SCOPUS repositories and the data collection showed us that there is a crescent interest on the area of XAI over the last decade. This data indicates a great interest in this area and it is aligned with the orientations stated by the GPDR[2] and in the to be sanctioned brazillian law LGPD - Lei Geral de Proteção de dados [3]. It was also identified that the most cited technique by researchers is LIME [4].
Liquid Limits: The Glass Transition and Liquid-Gas Spinodal Boundaries of Metastable Liquids
Creators: name: Sastry, Srikanth
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The liquid-gas spinodal and the glass transition define ultimate boundaries beyond which substances cannot exist as (stable or metastable) liquids. The relation between these limits is analyzed {\it via} computer simulations of a model liquid. The results obtained indicate that the liquid - gas spinodal and the glass transition lines intersect at a finite temperature, implying a glass - gas mechanical instability locus at low temperatures. The glass transition lines obtained by thermodynamic and dynamic criteria agree very well with each other.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures, to appear in Phys. Rev. Lett
Origins of overshoots in the exciton spin dynamics in semiconductors
Creators: name: Ungar, Florian
name: Cygorek, Moritz
name: Axt, Vollrath Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the origin of overshoots in the exciton spin dynamics after resonant optical excitation. As a material system, we focus on diluted magnetic semiconductor quantum wells as they provide a strong spin-flip scattering for the carriers. Our study shows that overshoots can appear as a consequence of radiative decay even on the single-particle level in a theory without any memory. The magnitude of the overshoots in this case depends strongly on the temperature as well as the doping fraction of the material. If many-body effects beyond the single-particle level become important so that a quantum-kinetic description is required, a spin overshoot appears already without radiative decay and is much more robust against variations of system parameters. We show that the origin of the spin overshoot can be determined either via its temperature dependence or via its behavior for different doping fractions. The results can be expected to apply to a wide range of semiconductors as long as radiative decay and a spin-flip mechanism are present.
description: 9 pages, 6 figures
Limits on the cosmological abundance of supermassive compact objects from a millilensing search in gamma-ray burst data
Creators: name: Nemiroff, Robert J.
name: Marani, Gabriela F.
name: Norris, Jay P.
name: Bonnell, Jerry T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A new search for the gravitational lens effects of a significant cosmological density of supermassive compact objects (SCOs) on gamma-ray bursts has yielded a null result. We inspected the timing data of 774 BATSE-triggered GRBs for evidence of millilensing: repeated peaks similar in light-curve shape and spectra. Our null detection leads us to conclude that, in all candidate universes simulated, $Ω_{SCO} < 0.1$ is favored for $10^5 < M_{SCO}/M_{\odot} < 10^9$, while in some universes and mass ranges the density limits are as much as 10 times lower. Therefore, a cosmologically significant population of SCOs near globular cluster mass neither came out of the primordial universe, nor condensed at recombination.
description: 14 pages including 3 figures, appeared 2001 January 22
Energy barriers of spin glasses from multi-overlap simulations
Creators: name: Janke, Wolfhard
name: Berg, Bernd A.
name: Billoire, Alain
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report large-scale simulations of the three-dimensional Edwards-Anderson Ising spin glass system using the recently introduced multi-overlap Monte Carlo algorithm. In this approach the temperature is fixed and two replica are coupled through a weight factor such that a broad distribution of the Parisi overlap parameter $q$ is achieved. Canonical expectation values for the entire $q$-range (multi-overlap) follow by reweighting. We present an analysis of the performance of the algorithm and in particular discuss results on spin glass free-energy barriers which are hard to obtain with conventional algorithms. In addition we discuss the non-trivial scaling behavior of the canonical $q$-distributions in the broken phase.
description: 10 pages, Latex, 9 Postscript figures
Spin tunneling of trigonal and hexagonal ferromagnets in an arbitrarily directed magnetic field
Creators: name: Lu, Rong
name: Zhu, Jia-Lin
name: Liu, Zhi-Rong
name: Chang, Lee
name: Gu, Bing-Lin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The quantum tunneling of the magnetization vector are studied theoretically in single-domain ferromagnetic nanoparticles placed in an external magnetic field at an arbitrarily directed angle in the $ZX$ plane. We consider the magnetocrystalline anisotropy with trigonal and hexagonal crystal symmetry, respectively. By applying the instanton technique in the spin-coherent-state path-integral representation, we calculate the tunnel splittings, the tunneling rates and the crossover temperatures in the low barrier limit for different angle ranges of the external magnetic field ($θ_{H}=π/2$, $π/2\llθ_{H}\llπ$, and $θ_{H}=π$). Our results show that the tunnel splittings, the tunneling rates and the crossover temperatures depend on the orientation of the external magnetic field distinctly, which provides a possible experimental test for magnetic quantum tunneling in nanometer-scale single-domain ferromagnets.
description: 31 pages, 3 figures, accepted by J. Phys.: Conden. Matter
Additional file 6: of The evolution of functional complexity within the Î˛-amylase gene family in land plants
Creators: name: Thalmann, Matthias
name: Coiro, Mario
name: Meier, Tiago
name: Wicker, Thomas
name: Zeeman, Samuel
name: Santelia, Diana
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Protein alignment of BAM isoforms from Arabidopsis and BAM10 from Theobroma cacao. (PDF 1188 kb)
Hartree-Fock Theory of Hole Stripe States
Creators: name: Kim, Tae-Suk
name: Yang, S. R. Eric
name: MacDonald, A. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on Hartree-Fock theory results for stripe states of two-dimensional hole systems in quantum wells grown on GaAs (311)A substrates. We find that the stripe orientation energy has a rich dependence on hole density, and on in-plane field magnitude and orientation. Unlike the electron case, the orientation energy is non-zero for zero in-plane field, and the ground state orientation can be either parallel or perpendicular to a finite in-plane field. We predict an orientation reversal transition in in-plane fields applied along the $\lbrack\bar{2}33\rbrack$ direction.
description: 5 pages including 4 figures
Additional file 7: of The evolution of functional complexity within the β-amylase gene family in land plants
Creators: name: Thalmann, Matthias
name: Coiro, Mario
name: Meier, Tiago
name: Wicker, Thomas
name: Zeeman, Samuel
name: Santelia, Diana
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Protein alignment of BZR1-domain containing β-amylases from representative non-flowering plants. (PDF 159 kb)
Additional file 5: of The evolution of functional complexity within the Î˛-amylase gene family in land plants
Creators: name: Thalmann, Matthias
name: Coiro, Mario
name: Meier, Tiago
name: Wicker, Thomas
name: Zeeman, Samuel
name: Santelia, Diana
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology
subject: 60506 Virology

description: SolycBAM10 gene is expressed in most plant tissues. (PDF 193 kb)
Griffiths-McCoy singularities in random quantum spin chains: Exact results through renormalization
Creators: name: Igloi, Ferenc
name: Juhasz, Robert
name: Lajko, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Ma-Dasgupta-Hu renormalization group (RG) scheme is used to study singular quantities in the Griffiths phase of random quantum spin chains. For the random transverse-field Ising spin chain we have extended Fisher's analytical solution to the off-critical region and calculated the dynamical exponent exactly. Concerning other random chains we argue by scaling considerations that the RG method generally becomes asymptotically exact for large times, both at the critical point and in the whole Griffiths phase. This statement is checked via numerical calculations on the random Heisenberg and quantum Potts models by the density matrix renormalization group method.
description: 4 pages RevTeX, 2 figures included
Compact polymers on decorated square lattices
Creators: name: Higuchi, Saburo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A Hamiltonian cycle of a graph is a closed path that visits every vertex once and only once. It serves as a model of a compact polymer on a lattice. I study the number of Hamiltonian cycles, or equivalently the entropy of a compact polymer, on various lattices that are not homogeneous but with a sublattice structure. Estimates for the number are obtained by two methods. One is the saddle point approximation for a field theoretic representation. The other is the numerical diagonalization of the transfer matrix of a fully packed loop model in the zero fugacity limit. In the latter method, several scaling exponents are also obtained.
description: 22pages, 6 figures, uses latex2e and graphicx. Typos corrected and the presentation improved
Dynamos in Asymptotic-Giant-Branch Stars As the Origin of Magnetic Fields Shaping Planetary Nebulale
Creators: name: Blackman, Eric G.
name: Frank, Adam
name: Markiel, J. Andrew
name: Thomas, John H.
name: Van Horn, Hugh M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Planetary nebulae are thought to be formed when a slow wind from the progenitor giant star is overtaken by a subsequent fast wind generated as the star enters its white dwarf stage$^{1}$. A shock forms near the boundary between the winds, which creates a relatively dense shell that provides the characteristic appearance of a planetary nebula. A spherically symmetric wind will produce a spherically symmetric shell, yet over half of known planetary nebulae are not spherical; rather, they are elliptical or bipolar in shape$^{2}$. While a magnetic field could launch and collimate a bipolar outflow, the origin of such a field has hitherto been unclear, as previous work suggested that a field could not be generated${^3}$. Here we show that an asymptotic-giant-branch (AGB) star can indeed generate a strong magnetic field, in a dynamo at the interface between a rapidly rotating core and the more slowly rotating envelope of the star. The field is strong enough to shape the bipolar outflows that produce the observed bipolar planetary nebulae. Magnetic braking of the stellar core during this process may also explain the puzzlingly$^{4}$ slow rotation of most white dwarf stars.
description: 13 pages, LaTex, one ps fig.; published in Nature
Asymptotic step profiles from a nonlinear growth equation for vicinal surfaces
Creators: name: Kallunki, J.
name: Krug, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study a recently proposed nonlinear evolution equation describing the collective step meander on a vicinal surface subject to the Bales-Zangwill growth instability [O. Pierre-Louis et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. (80), 4221 (1998)]. A careful numerical analysis shows that the dynamically selected step profile consists of sloped segments, given by an inverse error function and steepening as sqrt(t), which are matched to pieces of a stationary (time-independent) solution describing the maxima and minima. The effect of smoothening by step edge diffusion is included heuristically, and a one-parameter family of evolution equations is introduced which contains relaxation by step edge diffusion and by attachment-detachment as special cases. The question of the persistence of an initially imposed meander wavelength is investigated in relation to recent experiments.
description: 4 pages, 5 included figures. Typo in Eq.(5) corrected, section headlines added and Ref.[12] updated
Interaction of quantum Hall systems with waveguide elastic modes
Creators: name: Fil, D. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An interaction of non-uniform plane elastic modes of the waveguide type with monolayer and double-layer quantum Hall systems is considered. It is shown, that unlike the case of the surface acoustic wave propagation, the restriction on maximal values of the wave vectors for which the velocity shift can be observed experimentally does not take place for the waveguide modes. In case of study of incompressible fractional quantum Hall states the effect can be used for measuring a dependence of the effective magnetic length on the filling factor and for observing phase transitions in double-layer system under the interlayer distance variation
description: 6 pages, 3 eps figures included, Fig.1 and Fig.3 corrected
Multicolor Photometry of the Uranus Irregular Satellites Sycorax and Caliban
Creators: name: Maris, Michele
name: Carraro, Giovanni
name: Cremonese, Gabriele
name: Fulle, Marco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on accurate BVRI photometry for the two Uranus irregular satellites Sycorax and Caliban. We derive colours, showing that Sycorax is bluer than Caliban. Our data allows us to detect a significant variability in the Caliban's light-curve, which suggests an estimated period of about 3 hours. Despite it is the brighter of the two bodies, Sycorax does not display a strong statistically significant variability. However our data seem to suggest a period of about 4 hours
description: 17 pages, 2 eps figures, in press in Astronomical Journal
Electric field and potential around localized scatterers in thin metal films studied by scanning tunneling potentiometry
Creators: name: Ramaswamy, Geetha
name: Raychaudhuri, A. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Direct observation of electric potential and field variation near local scatterers like grain boundaries, triple points and voids in thin platinum films studied by scanning tunneling potentiometry is presented. The field is highest at a void, followed by a triple point and a grain boundary. The local field near a void can even be four orders of magnitude higher than the macroscopic field. This indicates that the void is the most likely place for an electromigration induced failure. The field build up near a scatterer strongly depends on the grain connectivity which is quantified by the average grain boundary reflection coefficient, estimated from the resistivity.
description: 6 pages, 2figures, submitted to APL
The Chandra Deep Survey of the Hubble Deep Field North Area. II. Results from the Caltech Faint Field Galaxy Redshift Survey Area
Creators: name: Hornschemeier, A. E.
name: Brandt, W. N.
name: Garmire, G. P.
name: Schneider, D. P.
name: Barger, A. J.
name: Broos, P. S.
name: Cowie, L. L.
name: Townsley, L. K.
name: Bautz, M. W.
name: Burrows, D. N.
name: Chartas, G.
name: Feigelson, E. D.
name: Griffiths, R.
name: Lumb, D.
name: Nousek, J. A.
name: Ramsey, L. W.
name: Sargent, W. L. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present results from a 221.9 ks Chandra exposure of the HDF-N and its vicinity, concentrating on the 8.6' X 8.7' area covered by the Caltech Faint Field Galaxy Redshift Survey (the `Caltech area'). The minimum detectable fluxes in the 0.5-2 keV and 2-8 keV bands are 1.3e-16 cgs and 6.5e-16 cgs, respectively and a total of 82 sources are detected. More than 80% of the extragalactic X-ray background in the 2-8 keV band is resolved. Redshifts are available for 96% of the sources with R<23; the redshift range is 0.1-3.5 with most sources having z < 1.5. Eight of the X-ray sources are located in the HDF-N itself, including two not previously reported. A population of X-ray faint, optically bright, nearby galaxies emerges at soft-band fluxes of ~< 3e-16 cgs. We set the tightest constraints to date on the X-ray emission properties of microJy radio sources, mid-infrared sources detected by ISO, and very red (R-K_s > 5.0) objects. Where both the infrared and the X-ray coverage are deepest, 75% of the X-ray sources are detected by ISO; the high X-ray to infrared matching rate bodes well for future sensitive infrared observations of faint X-ray sources. Four of the 33 very red objects that have been identified in the Caltech area by Hogg et al. (2000) are detected in X-rays; these four are among our hardest Chandra sources, and we argue that they contain moderately luminous obscured AGN. Overall, however, the small Chandra detection fraction suggests a relatively small AGN content in the optically selected very red object population. (Abridged)
description: 75 pages, ApJ, in press, version with full resolution figures available from http://www.astro.psu.edu/users/niel/hdf/hdf-chandra.html
From spin-Peierls to superconductivity: (TMTTF)_2PF_6 under high pressure
Creators: name: Jaccard, D.
name: Wilhelm, H.
name: Jerome, D.
name: Moser, J.
name: Carcel, C.
name: Fabre, J. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The nature of the attractive electron-electron interaction, leading to the formation of Cooper-pairs in unconventional superconductors has still to be fully understood and is subject to intensive research. Here we show that the sequence spin-Peierls, antiferromagnetism, superconductivity observed in (TMTTF)_2PF_6 under pressure makes the (TM)_2X phase diagram universal. We argue that the suppression of the spin-Peierls transition under pressure, the close vicinity of antiferromagnetic and superconducting phases at high pressure as well as the existence of critical antiferromagnetic fluctuations above T_c strongly support the intriguing possibility that the interchain exchange of antiferromagnetic fluctuations provides the pairing mechanism required for bound charge carriers.
description: 4 pages, revtex, 4 figures (jpeg,eps,png)
PDGF-AA promotes gap junction intercellular communication in chondrocytes via the PI3K/Akt pathway
Creators: name: Xu, Siqun
name: Liu, Yang
name: Zhang, Demao
name: Huang, Hongcan
name: Li, Jiachi
name: Wei, Jieya
name: Yang, Yueyi
name: Cui, Yujia
name: Xie, Jing
name: Zhou, Xuedong
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Ecology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer

description: Gap junction intercellular communication (GJIC) plays an important role in cell growth, development and homeostasis. Connexin 43 (Cx43) is an important half-channel protein responsible for gap junction formation. Platelet-derived growth factor AA (PDGF-AA) regulates the proliferation, migration, metabolism, apoptosis and cell cycle of chondrocytes. However, the role of PDGF-AA in gap junction intercellular communication in chondrocytes is not fully understood. In the current study, we performed experiments to explore the effect of PDGF-AA on GJIC and its underlying biomechanical mechanism. qPCR was performed to determine the expression of PDGF, PDGFR and connexin family genes in chondrocytes and/or cartilage. A scrape loading/dye transfer assay was used to determine GJIC. Western blot analysis was applied to detect the expression of Cx43 and PI3K/Akt signaling pathway proteins. Immunofluorescence staining was utilized to examine protein distribution. Scanning electron microscopy was used to delineate the morphology of chondrocytes. Expression of PDGF-A mRNA was highest among the PDGF family in chondrocytes and cartilage tissues. PDGF-AA promoted functional GJIC formation in chondrocytes by upregulating the expression of Cx43. Enhanced functional GJIC formation in chondrocytes induced by PDGF-AA occurred through the activation of PI3K/Akt signaling and its nuclear accumulation. For the first time, this study provides evidence demonstrating the role of PDGF-AA in cell-to-cell communication in chondrocytes through mediating Cx43 expression.
X-Ray Observations of Low-Mass X-Ray Binaries: Accretion Instabilities on Long and Short Time-Scales
Creators: name: Swank, Jean H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: X-rays trace accretion onto compact objects in binaries with low mass companions at rates ranging up to near Eddington. Accretion at high rates onto neutron stars goes through cycles with time-scales of days to months. At lower average rates the sources are recurrent transients; after months to years of quiescence, during a few weeks some part of a disk dumps onto the neutron star. Quasiperiodic oscillations near 1 kHz in the persistent X-ray flux attest to circular motion close to the surface of the neutron star. The neutron stars are probably inside their innermost stable circular orbits and the x-ray oscillations reflect the structure of that region. The long term variations show us the phenomena for a range of accretion rates. For black hole compact objects in the binary, the disk flow tends to be in the transient regime. Again, at high rates of flow from the disk to the black hole there are quasiperiodic oscillations in the frequency range expected for the innermost part of an accretion disk. There are differences between the neutron star and black hole systems, such as two oscillation frequencies versus one. For both types of compact object there are strong oscillations below 100 Hz. Interpretations differ on the role of the nature of the compact object.
description: 12 pages, 5 Postscript figures, in "Astrophysical Sources of Gravitational Radiation for Ground-Based Detectors", American Institute of Physics, 2001
Weakly Nonextensive Thermostatistics and the Ising Model with Long--range Interactions
Creators: name: Salazar, R.
name: Plastino, A. R.
name: Toral, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce a nonextensive entropic measure $S_χ$ that grows like $N^χ$, where $N$ is the size of the system under consideration. This kind of nonextensivity arises in a natural way in some $N$-body systems endowed with long-range interactions described by $r^{-α}$ interparticle potentials. The power law (weakly nonextensive) behavior exhibited by $S_χ$ is intermediate between (1) the linear (extensive) regime characterizing the standard Boltzmann-Gibbs entropy and the (2) the exponential law (strongly nonextensive) behavior associated with the Tsallis generalized $q$-entropies. The functional $S_χ $ is parametrized by the real number $χ\in[1,2]$ in such a way that the standard logarithmic entropy is recovered when $χ=1$ >. We study the mathematical properties of the new entropy, showing that the basic requirements for a well behaved entropy functional are verified, i.e., $S_χ$ possesses the usual properties of positivity, equiprobability, concavity and irreversibility and verifies Khinchin axioms except the one related to additivity since $S_χ$ is nonextensive. For $1
description: LaTeX file, 20 pages, 7 figures
Symmetric Vertex Models on Planar Random Graphs
Creators: name: Johnston, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We solve a 4-(bond)-vertex model on an ensemble of 3-regular Phi3 planar random graphs, which has the effect of coupling the vertex model to 2D quantum gravity. The method of solution, by mapping onto an Ising model in field, is inspired by the solution by Wu et.al. of the regular lattice equivalent -- a symmetric 8-vertex model on the honeycomb lattice, and also applies to higher valency bond vertex models on random graphs when the vertex weights depend only on bond numbers and not cyclic ordering (the so-called symmetric vertex models). The relations between the vertex weights and Ising model parameters in the 4-vertex model on Phi3 graphs turn out to be identical to those of the honeycomb lattice model, as is the form of the equation of the Ising critical locus for the vertex weights. A symmetry of the partition function under transformations of the vertex weights, which is fundamental to the solution in both cases, can be understood in the random graph case as a change of integration variable in the matrix integral used to define the model. Finally, we note that vertex models, such as that discussed in this paper, may have a role to play in the discretisation of Lorentzian metric quantum gravity in two dimensions.
description: Tidied up version accepted for publication in PLB
A first EGRET-UNID-related agenda for the next-generation Cherenkov telescopes
Creators: name: Petry, Dirk
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The next generation of Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescopes (IACTs) will open the regime between approx. 30 GeV and 200 GeV to ground-based gamma observations with unprecedented point source sensitivity and source location accuracy. I examine the prospects of observing the unidentified objects (UNIDs) of the Third EGRET Catalog using the IACT observatories currently under construction by the CANGAROO, HESS, MAGIC and VERITAS collaborations. Assuming a modest spectral steepening similar to that observed in the inverse Compton component of the Crab Nebula spectrum and taking into account the sensitivity of the instruments and its zenith angle dependence, a detailed list of 78 observable objects is derived which is then further constrained to 38 prime candidates. The characteristics of this agenda are discussed.
description: 21 pages, 5 figures, to be published in Carraminana, Reimer & Thompson (eds.) Proc. "The nature of unidentified high-energy gamma-ray sources (Tonantzintla, Mexico, October 2000)", Kluwer Academic
Storage ring mass spectrometry for nuclear structure and astrophysics research
Creators: name: Zhang, Y. H.
name: Litvinov, Yu. A.
name: Uesaka, T.
name: Xu, H. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the last two and a half decades ion storage rings have proven to be powerful tools for precision experiments with unstable nuclides in realm of nuclear structure and astrophysics. There are presently three storage ring facilities in the world at which experiments with stored radioactive ions are possible. These are the ESR in GSI, Darmstadt/Germany, the CSRe in IMP, Lanzhou/China, and the R3 storage ring in RIKEN, Saitama/Japan. In this work, an introduction to the facilities is given. Selected characteristic experimental results and their impact in nuclear physics and astrophysics are presented. Planned technical developments and the envisioned future experiments are outlined.
description: Focus issue to celebrate the 40 year anniversary of the 1975 Nobel Prize to Aage Niels Bohr, Ben Roy Mottelson and Leo James Rainwater