cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Synthesis of Single Wall Carbon Nanotube Arrays and Their Application in Single Molecular electronics
Creators: Shan, Yuyao
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Engineering
subject: Mechanical engineering
subject: FOS: Mechanical engineering

description: Molecular electronics utilize molecular as building blocks to fabricate electronic components. Due to the advantage of its size, molecular electronics has been an attractive candidate for future electronics for a long time. However, there are major challenges to be solved before single molecular electronic device could be used widely. One of these challenges is the lack of high yield, low cost fabrication technique. Carbon nanotubes are new materials with great electronic conductivity and small diameter, etc. They are great candidate for the electrode of single molecular electronic devices. A great effort of this thesis has been devoted into the chemical vapor deposition (CVD) synthesis of carbon nanotube, especially the surface aligned carbon nanotube array on miscut quartz surface. A state of art recipe to synthesize carbon nanotube array on quartz with promising cleanliness, density, alignment and nanotube length has been developed. Two novel fabrication processes were proposed and tested to fabricate electrode for single molecule electronic devices with carbon nanotube array. In addition, a fabrication process to create large amount of identical length of carbon nanotubes was introduced and studied.
Zero supermode-based multipartite entanglement in $χ^{(2)}$ nonlinear waveguides arrays
Creators: name: Barral, David
name: Bencheikh, Kamel
name: Belabas, Nadia
name: Levenson, Juan Ariel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that arrays of $χ^{(2)}$ nonlinear waveguides in the second harmonic generation regime are a promising source of continuous-variable entanglement. We indeed demonstrate analytically that optical arrays with odd number of waveguides injected with the zero-eigenvalue fundamental supermode entangle this fundamental supermode with a collective harmonic field. Moreover the fundamental individual modes are multipartite entangled and their entanglement grows with propagation length. The device is scalable, robust to losses, does not rely on specific values of nonlinearity and coupling and is easily realized with current technology. It thus stands as an unprecedented candidate for generation of multipartite continuous-variable entanglement for optical quantum information processing.
description: Main text: 7 pages, 6 figures. Supplemental material: 5 pages, 2 figure. v2 closer to published version
Cosmological perturbation theory and conserved quantities in the large-scale limit
Creators: name: Zimdahl, Winfried
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The linear cosmological perturbation theory of an almost homogeneous and isotropic perfect fluid universe is reconsidered and formally simplified by introducing new covariant and gauge-invariant variables with physical interpretations on hypersurfaces of constant expansion, constant curvature or constant energy density. The existence of conserved perturbation quantities on scales larger than the Hubble scale is discussed. The quantity which is conserved on large scales in a flat background universe may be expressed in terms of the fractional, spatial gradient of the energy density on constant expansion hypersurfaces or, alternatively, with the help of expansion or curvature perturbation variables on hypersurfaces of constant energy density. For nonvanishing background curvature the perturbation dynamics is most suitably described in terms of energy density perturbations on hypersurfaces of constant curvature.
description: 12 pages, Revtex, to appear in Class.Quantum Grav
What is a trait? Lessons from the human chin.
Creators: name: Meneganzin, Andra
name: Ramsey, Grant
name: DiFrisco, James
Publisher: name: The Francis Crick Institute
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: Human Biology & Physiology
subject: Human Biology & Physiology
classificationCode: Developmental Biology
subject: Developmental Biology
classificationCode: Ecology,Evolution & Ethology
subject: Ecology,Evolution & Ethology

description: The chin, a distinguishing feature of Homo sapiens, has sparked ongoing debates regarding its evolutionary origins and adaptive significance. We contend that these controversies stem from a fundamental disagreement about what constitutes a well-defined biological trait, a problem that has received insufficient attention despite its recognized importance in biology. In this paper, we leverage paleoanthropological research on the human chin to investigate the general issue of character or trait identification. First, we examine four accounts of the human chin from the existing literature: the mandibular differential growth byproduct, the bony prominence, the inverted T-relief, and the symphyseal angle. We then generalize from these accounts and propose a three-stage framework for the process of character identification: description, detection, and justification. We use this framework to reinterpret the four accounts, elucidating key points of contention surrounding the chin as well as other morphological characters. We show that debates over the chin carry broad and important biological implications that extend beyond this trait and that are not mere semantic issues of definition.
Stachys argillicola subsp. barbisina Sebsebe
Creators: name: Zhou, Ya-Dong
name: Mwachala, Geoffrey
name: Hu, Guang-Wan
name: Wang, Qing-Feng
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Lamiales
Lamiaceae
Stachys
Stachys argillicola
Stachys argillicola sebsebe subsp. barbisina sebsebe

description: Stachys argillicola Sebsebe subsp. barbisina Sebsebe  —
Habit: Herb.
Habitat: LMDF; 1 400–2 600 m. Distribution: II.
Voucher: N/A.
Reference: Fries & Fries (1930b).
description: Published as part of Zhou, Ya-Dong, Mwachala, Geoffrey, Hu, Guang-Wan & Wang, Qing-Feng, 2022, Annotated checklist of the vascular plants of Mount Kenya, East Africa, pp. 1-108 in Phytotaxa 546 (1) on page 87, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.546.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/6550464
Cosmology with subdominant Horndeski scalar field
Creators: name: Franchini, Nicola
name: Sotiriou, Thomas P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the cosmological evolution of a scalar field in Horndeski gravity, assuming that the scalar field is subdominant with respect to the cosmic fluid. We first analyse the most general shift-symmetric action that respects local Lorentz symmetry. We show that the bound on the speed of gravitational waves set by GW170817+GRB170817A imposes a constraint only on the linear coupling between the scalar and the Gauss-Bonnet invariant and this constraint is rather mild. Then, we consider some interesting examples of theories that break shift-symmetry, such as the Damour-Esposito-Farèse model of spontaneous scalarization and a theory with a quadratic coupling to the Gauss-Bonnet invariant that can lead to black hole scalarization. In both cases, tuning of cosmological initial conditions is necessary to keep the scalar field dormant during cosmic evolution.
description: v2: published version
title: Mechanische Lichteffekte an freien Atomen
Creators: name: Mlynek, Jürgen
Publisher: name: Goltze
Year: 1989
Subjects: subject: Brunsvicensien der Universitätsbibliothek Braunschweig
subject: Jahrbuch der BWG
subject: 53

description: Seit einigen Jahren gehört der Strahlungsdruck von Lasern zu den aktuellen Forschungsgebieten der Quantenoptik. Bei Resonanzanregung freier Atome können dabei durch die intensive, abstimmbare und gerichtete Strahlung des Lasers ausgeprägte mechanische Lichteffekte auftreten. Als Folge des resonanten Lichtdrucks der Laserstrahlung können Atome auf extrem niedrige Translationstemperaturen gekühlt und optisch auf kleinstem Raum eingefangen werden.
Im Rahmen dieses Beitrags sollen aktuelle Entwicklungen auf dem Gebiet der resonanten Lichtkräfte an Atomen vorgestellt werden.
Additional file 1: of X-ray imaging of a water bear offers a new look at tardigrade internal anatomy
Creators: name: Gross, Vladimir
name: Müller, Mark
name: Hehn, Lorenz
name: Ferstl, Simone
name: Allner, Sebastian
name: Dierolf, Martin
name: Achterhold, Klaus
name: Mayer, Georg
name: Pfeiffer, Franz
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Cell Biology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Processing of nanoCT data from the tardigrade Hypsibius exemplaris. Sagittal view through the head region showing the improvement in sharpness of, e.g., the salivary glands (blue arrows) and especially the brain (orange arrow). (a) Standard filtered backprojection reconstruction. (b) Statistical iterative reconstruction with an integrated model of the source. The reconstructed voxel size is 200 nm in (a) and (b). Scale bars: 10 μm (in both images). (PDF 1080 kb)
The Quaternionic Geometry of 4D Conformal Field Theory
Creators: name: Zucchini, Roberto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that 4--dimensional conformal field theory is most naturally formulated on Kulkarni 4--folds, i. e. real 4--folds endowed with an integrable quaternionic structure. This leads to a formalism that parallels very closely that of 2--dimensional conformal field theory on Riemann surfaces. In this framework, the notion of Fueter analyticity, the quaternionic analogue of complex analyticity, plays an essential role. Conformal fields appear as sections of appropriate either harmonic real or Fueter holomorphic quaternionic line bundles. In the free case, the field equations are statements of either harmonicity or Fueter holomorphicity of the relevant conformal fields. We obtain compact quaternionic expressions of such basic objects as the energy-momentum tensor and the gauge currents for some basic models in terms of Kulkarni geometry. We also find a concise expression of the conformal anomaly and a quaternionic 4--dimensional analogue of the Schwarzian derivative describing the covariance of the quantum energy-momentum tensor. Finally, we analyse the operator product expansions of free fields.
description: 47 pages, Plain TeX, no figures, requires AMS font files AMSSYM.DEF and AMSSYM.TEX, minor typos corrected, a reference added
Synthesis and electronic transport in single-walled carbon nanotubes of known chirality
Creators: Caldwell, Robert Victor
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Physics
subject: Nanotechnology
subject: FOS: Nanotechnology

description: Since their discovery in 1991, carbon nanotubes have proven to be a very interesting material for its physical strength, originating from the pure carbon lattice and strong covalent sp2 orbital bonds, and electronic properties which are derived from the lattice structure lending itself to either a metallic or semiconducting nature among its other properties.  Carbon nanotubes have been researched with an eye towards industry applications ranging from use as an alloy in metals and plastics to improve physical strength of the resulting materials to uses in the semiconductor industry as either an interconnect or device layer for computer chips to chemical or biological sensors. This thesis focuses on both the synthesis of individual single-walled carbon nanotubes as well as the electrical properties of those tubes.  What makes the work herein different from that of other thesis is that the research has been performed on carbon nanotubes of known chirality.  Having first grown carbon nanotubes with a chemical vapor deposition growth in a quartz tube using ethanol vapor as a feedstock to grow long individual single-walled carbon nanotubes on a silicon chip that is also compatible with Rayleigh scattering spectroscopy to identify the chiral indices of the carbon nanotubes in question, those tubes were then transferred with a mechanical transfer process specially designed in our research lab onto a substrate of our choosing before an electrical device was made out of those tubes using standard electron beam lithography. The focus in this thesis is on the work that went into designing and testing this process as well as the initial results of the electronic properties of those carbon nanotubes of known chirality, such as the first known electrical measurements on single individual armchair carbon nanotubes as well as the first known electrical measurements of a single semiconducting carbon nanotube on thin hexagonal boron nitride to study the effects of the surface optical phonons from the boron nitride on the electrical properties of the carbon nanotube.  Finally a few research projects are discussed in which carbon nanotubes of known chirality were used in conjunction with first electrical tests on molecules, secondly on a prefabricated complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor integrated circuit as an inverter and lastly to study the photoconductivity generated by a synchrotron laser source to identify the values for the low energy excitonic peak.
Synthetic Innovations Towards the Total Synthesis of Natural Product Derivatives for Drug Development
Creators: Tekle-Smith, Makeda Aislinn
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2019
Subjects: Chemistry, Organic
Drug development
Lewis acids
Chemistry

description: In order to provide scalable, efficient and selective routes towards pharmaceutically relevant compounds, we have focused on improving the economical viability and practicality of strained-silane Lewis acid activation. Towards these goals, the Leighton group has developed a new mode of anion catalysis to activate silane Lewis acids. Weakly coordinating anions have been used to access hyper-coordinate silicon species with unprecedented levels of reactivity, which have facilitated previously unattainable complex fragment couplings. A highly enantioselective and efficient method for anion catalyzed nucleophilic addition to aldehydes has enabled the synthesis of rationally designed, structurally simplified D-ring modified analogs of spongistatin 1. The completion of a step-economical route towards extremely potent, linker-handle equipped spongistatin 1 analogs and their application to targeted drug delivery will be discussed.
Synthesizing and restructuring the conversation around the use of robots in the education and therapy of individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorders
Creators: Wood, Zoe
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Robotics
subject: Education
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: Robots
subject: Autistic children--Education
subject: Autistic children--Education--Law and legislation
subject: Educational technology

description: A conversation about the use of robots as tools in public schools’ special needs classrooms necessarily implicates a variety of disciplines. As such, this paper will draw upon: (1) academic literature from the fields of robotics, education, and psychology specifically devoted to the development of robots for use in the education of children with Autism Spectrum Disorders, (2) academic literature from the fields of robotics, education, and psychology specifically devoted to testing the effectiveness of these robots, (3) legal writings concerning the education of differently abled individuals, specifically, the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act, (4) broad discussion of education technology, drawing from academic publications in the field of education as well as newspaper articles and blog posts, and (5) original interviews with clinicians, educators, and robotics industry professionals.

This paper is organized into four parts. The first will trace the development of robots in the education of individuals with ASD within the academic sphere. The second will do the same within the realm of industry. Together, these sections will demonstrate the fact that disparate strands of research largely distinct from the clinical or educational fields have dictated the development of this robotic technology. A third section will briefly but necessarily explain that robots are viable in the public education system from a legal perspective. Finally, a fourth section will bring together expert voices from the clinical, educational, and industrial fields to explain how and why educational and clinical experts should lead the conversation about the use of educational robots in ASD therapy and education.
Synthetic Explorations and Expeditions in the Resveratrol Class
Creators: Wright, Nathan Edward
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2014
Subjects: Oligomers
Resveratrol
Chemistry, Organic

description: Research interest in resveratrol, a structurally simple plant metabolite, has increased exponentially in the last two decades.  Since its isolation from red wine it has been hypothesized that this structure may account for the so-called "French Paradox," the notion that despite a diet high in cholesterol one can enjoy a relatively healthy lifestyle through moderate red wine consumption.  The biological implications of these claims are presented.  Concurrently isolated along with resveratrol are hundreds of oligomeric natural products with structures varying in both size and complexity.  The discovery, biosynthesis, and previous synthetic studies towards these natural products will be presented to frame the landscape of the field and its current limitations. Heimiol A and hopeahainol D are oxidized, resveratrol dimers characterized by their [3.2.2] bicyclic framework with a bridging ether.  The total synthesis of these epimeric natural products was accomplished by the development of a halolactonization/Friedel-Crafts cascade to construct the bicyclic core.  Subsequently, a steric bias inherent in the molecule was doubly exploited to synthesize both targets with complete selectivity.  During the course of these studies, a number of unexpected results were observed which have led, or may potentially lead, to alternate courses of investigation.  These results and their potential impact are also presented. Well-established in the synthetic community are the challenges associated with medium-sized ring construction.  Of particularly rarity are solutions addressing all carbon 9-membered rings.  Seeing this motif present in a subclass of resveratrol oligomers, we sought to investigate this challenging substructure.  Our efforts to achieve this end are detailed with the successful development of two unique methods to construct the requisite 9-membered ring core.  One succeeded in the first ever reported 9-exo-dig cyclization while the other enabled the robust total synthesis of caraphenol A. [1.1.1]-orthocyclophanes have received considerable attention of late due to their numerous applications in the field of supramolecular chemistry.  Owing to their rigid, bowl shape, these scaffolds are capable of engaging in numerous guest-host complexes.  The previous syntheses of [1.1.1]-orthocyclophanes as well as a survey of their applications are presented.  In the course of our synthetic studies toward caraphenol A, we accomplished the synthesis of a unique [1.1.1]-orthocyclophane as well as the successful oxidation to its corresponding triketone.  These results are presented noting that despite many efforts, no other [1.1.1]-orthocyclophane triketone has ever been successfully synthesized with our work constituting the first such report.
title: Hollow Cubes
Creators: name: Büsching, Fritz
Publisher: name: Fachhochschule Bielefeld
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Durchströmbare Böschungsstrukturen
subject: Hohldeckwerk
subject: Reflexionskoeffizient
subject: Koppelschwingung
subject: 62

description: Die regelmäßige Anordnung böschungsparallel durchströmbarer Hohlformkörper ermöglicht die Beeinflussung der Wechselwirkung Welle-Bauwerk derart, dass deutlich geringere Wellenlasten auf Uferschutzbauwerke ausgeübt werden als bei herkömmlichen Bauwerken dieser Art. Als Wirkprinzip wird dasjenige einer Koppelschwingung zwischen partiell stehenden Wellen und der Wellenauflauf /-rücklaufbewegung zugrundegelegt. Da bei Koppelschwingungen Einwirkungen auf einen Freiheitsgrad stets Rückwirkungen auf die übrigen Freiheitsgrade nach sich ziehen, kann erklärt werden, weshalb bei geringerer Waschbewegung auch nur geringere Brecherhöhen auftreten.
MOESM2 of A novel fungal GH30 xylanase with xylobiohydrolase auxiliary activity
Creators: name: Constantinos Katsimpouras
name: Dedes, Grigorios
name: Thomaidis, Nikolaos
name: Topakas, Evangelos
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 2: Figure S1. HILIC/ESI-QTOF-MS analysis of hydrolysis products liberated from beechwood glucuronoxylan after a (a) 10 min, (b) 30 min, (c) 1 h, (d) 3 h, and (e) 24 h incubation with the TtXyn30A. The reaction was carried out in 0.05 mM citrate–phosphate buffer pH 4.0 at 50 °C. The substrate and enzyme loadings were 5 mg mL−1 and 0.09 U mL−1, respectively.
Tetradenia urticifolia Phillipson
Creators: name: Zhou, Ya-Dong
name: Mwachala, Geoffrey
name: Hu, Guang-Wan
name: Wang, Qing-Feng
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Lamiales
Lamiaceae
Tetradenia
Tetradenia urticifolia

description: Tetradenia urticifolia (Baker) Phillipson  —
Habit: Shrub.
Habitat: LMWF, LMDF; up to 2 200 m. Distribution: II.
 Voucher: Southeast Mount Kenya, Alt. 1 524 m, Battiscombe K861 (EA).
References: Fries & Fries (1930b), Agnew (2013).
description: Published as part of Zhou, Ya-Dong, Mwachala, Geoffrey, Hu, Guang-Wan & Wang, Qing-Feng, 2022, Annotated checklist of the vascular plants of Mount Kenya, East Africa, pp. 1-108 in Phytotaxa 546 (1) on page 87, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.546.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/6550464
title: Medizinische Anwendungsfelder des Lasers in Gegenwart und Zukunft
Creators: name: Müller, Gerhard
Publisher: name: Goltze
Year: 1989
Subjects: subject: Brunsvicensien der Universitätsbibliothek Braunschweig
subject: Jahrbuch der BWG
subject: 61

description: In den letzten Jahren hat der Laser in einer Reihe von Fachgebieten seinen festen Platz erworben, z.B. in der Ophthalmologie, Dermatologie, Neurochirurgie, HNO, Pulmologie, Gastroenterologie, Allgemeine Chirurgie, Urologie, Gynäkologie und Orthopädie. Entsprechend den gewünschten Problemlösungen müssen die Qualitäten der jeweils unterschiedlichen Lasersysteme herangezogen werden.
Der Argon Laser wird wegen seiner hohen Selektivität für körpereigene Chromophore in der Ophthalmologie und Dermatologie benutzt.
Der CO2 Laser ist wegen seiner hohen Wasserabsorption und damit geringen Eindringtiefe in das Gewebe ein sehr exaktes Schneidinstrument. Er findet überall dort Verwendung, wo mikrochirurgisches Arbeiten bzw. flächenhaftes Abtragen gefordert ist. Sein Nachteil ist die zur Zeit fehlende Transmission der Strahlung über Fasern.
Der Nd:YAG Laser ist ein typischer Volumenkoagulator und wird überall dort eingesetzt, wo gefäßreiche Strukturen wie Fehlbildungen und Tumore vorliegen. Seine Übertragbarkeit durch Glasfasern gestattet eine universelle Anwendung. Über flexible oder starre Endoskope kann er zur Koagulation von Blutungen, bei höherer Leistung zur Rekanalisation von Tumorstenosen benutzt werden. Mit einem Fokussierhandstück und entsprechend hoher Leistungsdichte sind Resektionen an parenchymatösen Organen bei gleichzeitig guter Hämostase möglich.
Spin-orbit-controlled metal-insulator transition in Sr$_2$IrO$_4$
Creators: name: Zwartsenberg, Berend
name: Day, Ryan P.
name: Razzoli, Elia
name: Michiardi, Matteo
name: Xu, Nan
name: Shi, Ming
name: Denlinger, Jonathan D.
name: Cao, Guixin
name: Calder, Stuart
name: Ueda, Kentaro
name: Bertinshaw, Joel
name: Takagi, Hidenori
name: Kim, Bumjoon
name: Elfimov, Ilya S.
name: Damascelli, Andrea
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the context of correlated insulators, where electron-electron interactions (U) drive the localization of charge carriers, the metal-insulator transition (MIT) is described as either bandwidth (BC) or filling (FC) controlled. Motivated by the challenge of the insulating phase in Sr$_2$IrO$_4$, a new class of correlated insulators has been proposed, in which spin-orbit coupling (SOC) is believed to renormalize the bandwidth of the half-filled $j_{\mathrm{eff}} = 1/2$ doublet, allowing a modest U to induce a charge-localized phase. Although this framework has been tacitly assumed, a thorough characterization of the ground state has been elusive. Furthermore, direct evidence for the role of SOC in stabilizing the insulating state has not been established, since previous attempts at revealing the role of SOC have been hindered by concurrently occurring changes to the filling. We overcome this challenge by employing multiple substituents that introduce well defined changes to the signatures of SOC and carrier concentration in the electronic structure, as well as a new methodology that allows us to monitor SOC directly. Specifically, we study Sr$_2$Ir$_{1-x}$T$_x$O$_4$ (T = Ru, Rh) by angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES), combined with ab-initio and supercell tight-binding calculations. This allows us to distinguish relativistic and filling effects, thereby establishing conclusively the central role of SOC in stabilizing the insulating state of Sr$_2$IrO$_4$. Most importantly, we estimate the critical value for spin-orbit coupling in this system to be $λ_c = 0.42 \pm 0.01$ eV, and provide the first demonstration of a spin-orbit-controlled MIT.
Rapid parapatric speciation on holey adaptive landscapes
Creators: name: Gavrilets, Sergey
name: Li, Hai
name: Vose, Michael D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: Quantitative Biology (q-bio)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: A classical view of speciation is that reproductive isolation arises as a by-product of genetic divergence. Here, individual-based simulations are used to evaluate whether the mechanisms implied by this view may result in rapid speciation if the only source of genetic divergence are mutation and random genetic drift. Distinctive features of the simulations are the consideration of the complete process of speciation (from initiation until completion), and of a large number of loci, which was only one order of magnitude smaller than that of bacteria. It is demonstrated that rapid speciation on the time scale of hundreds of generations is plausible without the need for extreme founder events, complete geographic isolation, the existence of distinct adaptive peaks or selection for local adaptation. The plausibility of speciation is enhanced by population subdivision. Simultaneous emergence of more than two new species from a subdivided population is highly probable. Numerical examples relevant to the theory of centrifugal speciation and to the conjectures about the fate of ``ring species'' and ``sexual continuums'' are presented.
description: 7 pages, Latex, 4 gif figures. to appear in Proc.Roy.Soc.Lond.B
Additional file 1 of Alcohol outlets and alcohol consumption in changing environments: prevalence and changes over time
Creators: name: Auchincloss, Amy H.
name: Niamatullah, Saima
name: Adams, Maura
name: Melly, Steven J.
name: Li, Jingjing
name: Lazo, Mariana
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Additional file 1. Supplement to main text description of the analytical sample. Supplement Fig. 1. Enrollment and retention. Supplement Table 1. Baseline policies related to off-premise sale of alcohol in Pennsylvania and the two comparison states (New Jersey and Delaware). Supplement Table 2. Additional details on alcohol consumption measures. Supplement Table 3. Characteristics of included vs. excluded participants. Supplement Table 4. Alcohol consumption and alcohol outlets, baseline and the one-year follow-up for total, Pennsylvania and non-Pennsylvania, N = 772. Supplement Table 5. Sensitivity analysis - sample subset to drinkers. Adjusted cross-sectional estimates of alcohol consumption with density of off-premise outlets and distance to outlets. N = 565. Supplement Table 6. Sensitivity analysis - sample subset to drinkers. Multinomial regression, adjusted within-person change in alcohol consumption (change in days, drinks, binge occasions) for an increase in off-premise alcohol outlets within a 1.6 km buffer (> 0 increase in outlets). N = 521. Supplement Fig. 2 Adjusted cross-sectional estimates of exposure to off premise alcohol outlets (density of and distance to outlets) and number of drinks per day, stratified by gender.
A Combined High Temperature Tape-Casting and 2D Freeze-Casting Method for Polymer Membranes with Vertically Oriented Pores
Creators: name: Gokuli, Mahi
Publisher: name: California Institute of Technology
Year: 2021
Subjects: polymer membranes
tape casting
freeze casting
Materials Science
vertical pores
battery separators

description: Alternatives to lithium-ion batteries often require novel electrolytes, such as solvent-in-salt electrolytes and ionic liquids, for which commercial battery separators are unsuited. The Faber Lab at Caltech is researching processing methods for separators made of polymer/ceramic composite materials to ensure high wettability in novel liquid electrolytes. To this end, a flexible polymer separator is needed which provides a short working-ion transportation path for high ionic conductance. Here, a method was developed for the fabrication of poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene) (PVDF-HFP) membranes with vertically aligned, nontortuous pores with pore diameters of a few microns by directional crystallization of dimethyl sulfone (DMSO₂). The method combines high-temperature tape casting
and bidirectional freeze casting into a single step. Important considerations for the improvement of the method (particularly, avenues for reducing the pore size to below 1 μm) are discussed. In addition, the role of PVDF-HFP crystallization in bidirectional freeze-casting, a solvent crystallization method, is discussed.
The Transversity Function and Double Spin Azimuthal Asymmetry in Semi-Inclusive Pion Leptoproduction
Creators: name: Di Salvo, Elvio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that the transverse momentum dependent transversity function is proportional to the longitudinal polarization of a quark in a transversely polarized proton. This result suggests an alternative, convenient method for determining transversity, without knowing unusual fragmentation functions. The method consists of measuring the double spin azimuthal asymmetry in semi-inclusive pion leptoproduction by a transversely polarized proton target. The asymmetry, which is twist 3, is estimated to be more than 10% under the most favorable conditions. The experiment we suggest is feasible at facilities like DESY and CERN.
description: extended version; to appear on Int. Jou. Mod. Phys. A
MOESM1 of A novel fungal GH30 xylanase with xylobiohydrolase auxiliary activity
Creators: name: Constantinos Katsimpouras
name: Dedes, Grigorios
name: Thomaidis, Nikolaos
name: Topakas, Evangelos
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Physiology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Additional file 1: Figure S1. Effect of pH (a) and temperature (b) on the activity of TtXyn30A against beechwood xylan. Each data point represents the mean ± SD (n = 3). Figure S2. Effect of pH on the stability of TtXyn30A. Each data point represents the mean ± SD (n = 2). Figure S3. Rate of hydrolysis of beechwood xylan by TtXyn30A. Total reducing sugars were expressed as xylose equivalents. The substrate and enzyme loadings were 5 mg mL−1 and 0.09 U mL−1, respectively. Each data point represents the mean ± SD (n = 2). Figure S4. Determination of hydrolysis products (a) MeGlcA2Xyl2, and (b) MeGlcA2Xyl3 from beechwood glucuronoxylan under the action of TtXyn30A after 24 h of incubation using HILIC-ESI-QTOFMS. (c) Determination of MeGlcA2Xyl2 after incubation of generated UXOS with β-xylosidase. Table S1. Effect of metal ions or chemical compounds on relative activity of the recombinant TtXyn30A.
Tinnea aethiopica Hook. f.
Creators: name: Zhou, Ya-Dong
name: Mwachala, Geoffrey
name: Hu, Guang-Wan
name: Wang, Qing-Feng
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Lamiales
Lamiaceae
Tinnea
Tinnea aethiopica

description: Tinnea aethiopica Kotschy ex Hook.f.  —
Habit: Shrub.
Habitat: LMWF, LMDF; up to 2 300 m. Distribution: II.
Voucher: N/A.
Reference: Agnew (2013).
description: Published as part of Zhou, Ya-Dong, Mwachala, Geoffrey, Hu, Guang-Wan & Wang, Qing-Feng, 2022, Annotated checklist of the vascular plants of Mount Kenya, East Africa, pp. 1-108 in Phytotaxa 546 (1) on page 87, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.546.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/6550464
Additional file 1 of Prognostic analysis of E2F transcription factors E2F1 and E2F3 in four independent pediatric neuroblastoma cohorts
Creators: name: Wang, Haiwei
name: Wang, Xinrui
name: Xu, Liangpu
name: Zhang, Ji
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1: Supplementary Figure 1. (a) The detailed four independent datasets used in this study. (b) Different event free survival or overall survival of pediatric neuroblastoma patients in TARGET, GSE16476, GSE85047 and E-MTAB-1781 datasets. Supplementary Figure 2. Additively prognostic effects of E2F1 with MYCN amplification or age of diagnosis in neuroblastoma. (a) Different event free survival in each sub-group of pediatric neuroblastoma based on the expression levels of E2F1 and MYCN amplification in TARGET, GSE16476, GSE85047 and E-MTAB-1781 datasets. (b) Different event free survival in each sub-group of pediatric neuroblastoma based on the expression levels of E2F1 and age of diagnosis was determined. Supplementary Figure 3. Additively prognostic effects of E2F3 with MYCN amplification or age of diagnosis in neuroblastoma. (a) Different event free survival in each sub-group of pediatric neuroblastoma based on the expression levels of E2F3 and MYCN amplification in TARGET, GSE16476, GSE85047 and E-MTAB-1781 datasets. (b) Different event free survival in each sub-group of pediatric neuroblastoma based on the expression levels of E2F3 and age of diagnosis was determined.
Gravitational waves with distinct wavefronts
Creators: name: Alekseev, G A
name: Griffiths, J B
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Exact solutions of Einstein's vacuum equations are considered which describe gravitational waves with distinct wavefronts. A family of such solutions presented recently in which the wavefronts have various geometries and which propagate into a number of physically significant backgrounds is here related to an integral representation which is a generalisation of the Rosen pulse solution for cylindrical waves. A nondiagonal solution is also constructed which is a generalisation of the Rosen pulse, being a cylindrical pulse wave with two states of polarization propagating into a Minkowski background. The solution is given in a complete and explicit form. A further generalisation to include electromagnetic waves with a distinct wavefront of the same type is also discussed.
description: 14 pages, Plain TeX, no figures. To appear in Classical and Quantum Gravity
Spin-mechanics with levitating ferromagnetic particles
Creators: name: Huillery, P.
name: Delord, T.
name: Nicolas, L.
name: Bossche, M. Van Den
name: Perdriat, M.
name: Hétet, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose and demonstrate first steps towards schemes where the librational mode of levitating ferromagnets is strongly coupled to the electronic spin of Nitrogen-Vacancy (NV) centers in diamond. Experimentally, we levitate ferromagnets in a Paul trap and employ magnetic fields to attain oscillation frequencies in the hundreds of kHz range with Q factors close to $10^4$. These librational frequencies largely exceed the decoherence rate of NV centers in typical CVD grown diamonds offering prospects for sideband resolved operation. We also prepare and levitate composite diamond-ferromagnet particles and demonstrate both coherent spin control of the NV centers and read-out of the particle libration using the NV spin. Our results will find applications in ultra-sensitive gyroscopy and bring levitating objects a step closer to spin-mechanical experiments at the quantum level.
description: Lengthened to 11 pages. To appear in PRB
Case Study of Tailings Deposition Planning and Monitoring Using Frequent Drone-Based Photogrammetry Surveys for a TSF
Creators: name: Nugent, Laura
name: Gupta, Ranjiv
name: Snow, Robert
name: Hilgers, Jason
name: Hawn, Julia
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2023

description: This paper presents a case study of Freeport-McMoRan Bagdad Inc.’s (FMBI) application of the Trimble Stratus Propeller (Propeller) platform (Trimble, 2023) for analysis of frequent drone-based photogrammetry surveys to support operational planning, monitoring, and investigation of centerline-raised tailings storage facilities (TSFs). Drone photogrammetry surveys typically are used for qualitative assessments and providing remote monitoring capabilities. In this case study, the FMBI team used the drone survey data and Propeller to perform quantitative assessments for managing tailings deposition at the FMBI Bagdad Mine site. Specifically, frequent drone-based photogrammetry surveys coupled with the Propeller web platform allowed the combined imagery and survey data to be used to develop tailings deposition targets, measure cyclone underflow production, and communicate results using drone photos. Overall, this application has improved the workflows of the site tailings engineer (STE), provided remote monitoring tools to the Engineer-of-Record (EoR) team, and helped relay relevant performance and planning information to dam operators.
Exact solutions of graded Temperley-Lieb Hamiltonians
Creators: name: Lima-Santos, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Orthosympletic Hamiltonians derived from representations of the Temperley-Lieb algebra are presented and solved via the coordinate Bethe Ansatz. The spectra of these Hamiltonians are obtained using open and closed boundary conditions.
description: 39 pages, LaTex
Metal-insulator transition and dominant $d+id$ pairing symmetry in twisted bilayer graphene
Creators: name: Chen, Wanying
name: Chu, Yonghuan
name: Huang, Tongyun
name: Ma, Tianxing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Motivated by recent experimental studies that have found signatures of a correlated insulator phase and tuning superconductivity in twisted bilayer graphene, we study the temperature-dependent conductivity, the spin correlation and the superconducting pairing correlation within a two-orbital Hubbard model on an emergent honeycomb lattice. The evaluation of the temperature dependence of the conductivity demonstrates that there is a metal-insulator transition, and the Mott phase at strong coupling is accompanied by antiferromagnetic order. The electronic correlation drives a $d+id$ superconducting pairing to be dominant over a wide filling region. All of the dc conductivity, the spin correlation and the superconductivity are suppressed as the interlayer coupling strength increases, and the critical $U_c$ for the metal-insulator transition is also reduced. Our intensive numerical results reveal that twisted bilayer graphene should be a uniquely tunable platform for exploring strongly correlated phenomena.
description: 6 pages with 6 figures. Accepted for publication in Physical Review B
Efficient approximation of flow problems with multiple scales in time
Creators: name: Frei, Stefan
name: Richter, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this article we address flow problems that carry a multiscale character in time. In particular we consider the Navier-Stokes flow in a channel on a fast scale that influences the movement of the boundary which undergoes a deformation on a slow scale in time. We derive an averaging scheme that is of first order with respect to the ratio of time-scales $ε$. In order to cope with the problem of unknown initial data for the fast scale problem, we assume near-periodicity in time. Moreover, we construct a second-order accurate time discretisation scheme and derive a complete error analysis for a corresponding simplified ODE system. The resulting multiscale scheme does not ask for the continuous simulation of the fast scale variable and shows powerful speed-ups up to 1:10000 compared to a resolved simulation. Finally, we present some numerical examples for the full Navier-Stokes system to illustrate the convergence and performance of the approach.
title: Управление профессиональным развитием в органах местного самоуправления
title: Учебное пособие
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Гребенникова А.А.
name:  Мамлина Е.А.
name:  Полынина Т.Г.
Publisher: name: Вузовское образование
Year: 2019

description: Учебное пособие содержит учебную программу, теоретическую часть, тематику практических занятий, методические рекомендации по выполнению практических заданий, и тесты по дисциплине «Управление профессиональным развитием», составленные на основе действующего законодательства. Представленные материалы сгруппированы по тематическому принципу и соответствуют программе учебной дисциплины в целях облегчения усвоения материала обучающимися. Подготовлено в соответствии с требованиями Федерального государственного образовательного стандарта высшего образования. Предназначено для изучения дисциплины «Управление профессиональным развитием» по направлению подготовки высшего образования 38.03.04 «Государственное и муниципальное управление». Кроме того, учебное пособие будет полезно студентам других специальностей и направлений, изучающих данную дисциплину, а также депутатам представительных органов муниципальных образований и муниципальным служащим.
Special case of sunset: reduction and epsilon-expansion
Creators: name: Onishchenko, A.
name: Veretin, O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider two loop sunset diagrams with two mass scales m and M at the threshold and pseudotreshold that cannot be treated by earlier published formula. The complete reduction to master integrals is given. The master integrals are evaluated as series in ratio m/M and in epsilon with the help of differential equation method. The rules of asymptotic expansion in the case when q^2 is at the (pseudo)threshold are given.
description: LaTeX, 13 pages, 1 figure
title: Werner Pöls: Nachruf
Creators: name: König, Joseph
Publisher: name: Goltze
Year: 1989
Subjects: subject: Brunsvicensien der Universitätsbibliothek Braunschweig
subject: Jahrbuch der BWG
subject: 902

description: Vorgetragen in der Plenarversammlung am 13. Oktober 1989
Synthetic Studies of the Yunnaneic Acids
Creators: Griffith, Daniel
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2013
Subjects: Chemistry

description: The total syntheses of yunnaneic acid C, yunnaneic acid D, and rufescenolide are described. The highly substituted bicyclic cores of these molecules were synthesized in a single step via a oxidative dearomatization/Diels-Alder cascade sequence from simple precursors. Dimerization studies towards yunnaneic acid A and yunnaneic acid B are also described, which resulted in the synthesis of several novel, non-natural structures.
Synthetic Innovations in Efforts Toward the Development of Spongistatin 1 as an Anti-Cancer Therapeutic
Creators: Suen, Linda Mei
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2015
Subjects: Chemistry, Organic

description: A major focus of the Leighton group is on the development of chemistry to aid in the efficient and scalable synthesis of polyketides. Over the past several years, our group has been interested in utilizing strained silanes to rapidly access the structural motifs commonly found in polyketides. Notably, our EZ-CrotylMix methodology allows for the crotylation of deactivated and sterically hindered aldehydes that popular methods, such as the Brown crotylation, fail to achieve. In order to improve the practicality of our crotylation methodology, we have developed a new, more powerfully activating diamine ligand scaffold that provides access to highly active allyl- and crotyl-silanes. These silanes can be generated in situ, precluding the need for a laborious isolation of the moisture sensitive crotylsilane reagents that is necessary for our previously reported methodology. The group’s crotylation methodology has proved useful in our current efforts toward the total synthesis of spongistatin 1 and its analogs. Work on the synthesis of an analog of spongistatin 1, specifically on the completion of the northern ABCD hemisphere, will also be discussed.
Pseudo-spectral apparent horizon finders: an efficient new algorithm
Creators: name: Gundlach, Carsten
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We review the problem of finding an apparent horizon in Cauchy data (Sigma, g_ab, K_ab) in three space dimensions without symmetries. We describe a family of algorithms which includes the pseudo-spectral apparent horizon finder of Nakamura et al. and the curvature flow method proposed by Tod as special cases. We suggest that other algorithms in the family may combine the speed of the former with the robustness of the latter. A numerical implementation for Cauchy data given on a grid in Cartesian coordinates is described, and tested on Brill-Lindquist and Kerr initial data. The new algorithm appears faster and more robust than previous ones.
description: 17 pages, Revtex, 2 figures. Conclusions expanded. Source code to be made public. Accepted for Phys. Rev. D