cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Laser induced incandescence and high speed imaging in hydra optical diesel engine
Creators: name: Hong, Christopher
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2014

description: The aim of this thesis is to investigate ways to reduce soot emission from compression ignition engines by investigating the combustion processes within the diesel engine. The approach is to include computational and experimental work. In order to investigate the trade-off between the amount and stratification of the premixing and the consequent rate of pressure rise, and in particular the effects of changing the autoignition properties of the fuel blend, a multizone code capable of representing the ignition of a premixed charge consequent on multiple injection of fuel is presented. As part of this investigation, this thesis began the process of looking into the potential of gasoline fuel. Experimentally, investigations of soot distribution were carried out in an optically-accessed single cylinder “Hydra” engine. The soot was visualized using high speed imaging and laser induced incandescence in the optical engine to look at the effect of injection pressure on combustion luminosity and soot distribution. An extensive parametric study was carried out on the Hydra engine to look at the effect of engine load, injection timing and pressure, number of injections, intake temperature and combustion phasing. High speed imaging was carried out to measure injection tip penetration and soot luminosity as a function injection pressure. The combustion luminosity was studied, with proper orthogonal decomposition (POD) analysis, at different injection pressures. It was found that increase of injection pressure decreases combustion luminosity. The technique of laser induced incandescence (LII) was used to visualize the soot. As a preliminary to the use of the LII in the engine, fundamental work on the technique itself was carried out at Heriot-Watt University to isolate the radiative emission component of heat loss from the soot and measure the complex refractive index of soot. Results on soot particle sizes were compared to scanning electron micrograph of the soot collected. The LII measurement was found to be much larger, due to the high signal to noise ratio and the bias towards detection of larger particles. The investigation also showed that the soot agglomerates could undergo micro-explosions on being exposed to laser irradiance. It is speculated that the soot molecules become ionized and mutually repel each other.
The evolution of clustering and bias in the galaxy distribution
Creators: name: Peacock, J. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper reviews the measurements of galaxy correlations at high redshifts, and discusses how these may be understood in models of hierarchical gravitational collapse. The clustering of galaxies at redshift one is much weaker than at present, and this is consistent with the rate of growth of structure expected in an open universe. If $Ω=1$, this observation would imply that bias increases at high redshift, in conflict with observed $M/L$ values for known high-$z$ clusters. At redshift 3, the population of Lyman-limit galaxies displays clustering which is of similar amplitude to that seen today. This is most naturally understood if the Lyman-limit population is a set of rare recently-formed objects. Knowing both the clustering and the abundance of these objects, it is possible to deduce empirically the fluctuation spectrum required on scales which cannot be measured today owing to gravitational nonlinearities. Of existing physical models for the fluctuation spectrum, the results are most closely matched by a low-density spatially flat universe. This conclusion is reinforced by an empirical analysis of CMB anisotropies, in which the present-day fluctuation spectrum is forced to have the observed form. Open models are strongly disfavoured, leaving $Λ$CDM as the most successful simple model for structure formation.
description: Invited review at the Royal Society Meeting `Large-scale structure in the universe', London, March 1998. 20 Pages LaTeX
Failure after fertility treatment: regulation strategies when facing a blocked parenthood goal
Creators: name: Silva, Sara Mesquita Da
name: Place, Jean Marie
name: Boivin, Jacky
name: Gameiro, Sofia
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Ecology
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Plant Biology

description: Biological parenthood is a central life-goal for many couples that can become blocked when they experience infertility. Many couples who undergo fertility treatment will face failure and consequently have to decide whether to continue with treatment. The present study used the qualitative methodology of Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis to examine self-regulatory approaches that underlie decision-making about continuing treatment. One-time, one-on-one, semi-structured, in-depth interviews were conducted with 16 individuals (eight heterosexual couples) after they had experienced at least one treatment failure and were considering whether to undergo another treatment. After treatment failure, individuals used several approaches to remain engaged with biological parenthood, including reframing treatment failure as a learning tool and emphasizing the importance of persistence in achieving success. The apparent decision to continue with treatment was considered non-negotiable and largely made by women in the partnership. Once the decision was made to pursue treatment, it was not discussed further. Given individuals’ willingness to engage in treatment, patients should be offered additional support to consider wide psychosocial implications of continuing treatment.
Chironia dodecandra Linnaeus, 1753, spec. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1753
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Gentianales
Gentianaceae
Chironia
Chironia dodecandra

description: Chironia dodecandra, spec. nov.
5. Chironia floribus duodecemfidis.
Gentiana floribus duodecim-petalis, foliis distinctis. Gron. virg.27.
Habitat in Virginia.
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1753, Species plantarum: exhibentes plantas rite cognitas, ad genera relatas, cum differentiis specificis, nominibus trivialibus, synonymis selectis, locis natalibus, secundum systema sexuale digestas, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on page 190, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.3931989
ERSA
Creators: name: DESAUNAY Yves
Publisher: name: Sismer
Year: 1992

description: Etude des mecanismes de transfert des larves de sole des frayeres du large (80 Km) vers les nourriceries cotieres. Serie de campagnes ERSA (0 a 5) couvrant toute la periode de ponte de la sole, destinee a l'etude de la distribution des larves le long de la Radiale Nord Gascogne.
Analysis of the (N,xN') reactions by quantum molecular dynamics plus statistical decay model
Creators: name: Niita, Koji
name: Chiba, Satoshi
name: Maruyama, Toshiki
name: Maruyama, Tomoyuki
name: Takada, Hiroshi
name: Fukahori, Tokio
name: Nakahara, Yasuaki
name: Iwamoto, Akira
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a model based on quantum molecular dynamics (QMD) incorporated with statistical decay model (SDM) to describe various nuclear reactions in an unified way. In this first part of the work, the basic ingredients of the model are defined and the model is applied systematically to the nucleon($N$)-induced reactions. It has been found that our model can give a remarkable agreement in the energy-angle double differential cross sections of $(N,xN')$ type reactions for incident energies from 100 MeV to 3 GeV with a fixed parameter set. An unified description of the major three reaction mechanisms of $(N,xN')$ reactions, i.e. compound, pre-equilibrium and spallation processes, is given with our model.
description: 26pages, Revtex is used, 15 Postscript figures are available by request from niita@hadron03.tokai.jaeri.go.jp
The large-Nc limit of borelized spectral sum rules and the slope of radial Regge trajectories
Creators: name: Afonin, S. S.
name: Solomko, T. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We put forward a new phenomenological method for calculating the slope of radial trajectories from values of ground states and vacuum condensates. The method is based on a large-$N_c$ extension of borelized spectral sum rules. The approach is applied to the light non-strange vector, axial, and scalar mesons. The extracted values of slopes proved to be approximately universal and are in the interval $1.4\pm0.1$ GeV$^2$. As a by-product, the given method leads to prediction of the second radial trajectory with ground state mass lying near 0.6 GeV.
description: 13 pages, 3 figures
The reaction $pp \to ppπ^0$ near threshold
Creators: name: Hanhart, C.
name: Haidenbauer, J.
name: Reuber, A.
name: Schütz, C.
name: Speth, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We perform a momentum-space calculation of the reaction $pp \rightarrow ppπ^0$ near threshold. Direct production and pion rescattering are taken into account. For the latter a T-matrix obtained from a microscopic model of the $πN$ interaction is employed. The effects of some approximations commonly used in studies of $ pp \rightarrow ppπ^0$ \ are discussed. We find that those approximations overestimate the cross section and also modify its energy dependence. We obtain a significant contribution from rescattering, but not nearly enough to describe the data.
The peptide binding specificity of the inhibitory and activating KIR2D receptors
Creators: name: Cassidy, Sorcha
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2014

description: Human natural killer (NK) cells play an invaluable role in the first line of innate immune defence against viral infection and cancer. They are the main sub-group of lymphocytes with predominant expression of polymorphic KIR (Killer-immunoglobulin-like-receptors), which allows them to engage with their MHC Class I ligands. Past immunogenetic analysis has shown that possession of KIR2DL3 may confer an advantage in eliminating acute Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. This contrasts with those possessing KIR2DL2 who were found not to spontaneously resolve infection. Previous work has shown that different variants of an endogenous peptide VAPWNSLSL (VAP) can modulate the KIR2DL2/3-HLA-C1 interaction. Here we have analysed the peptide repertoire in the context of the inhibitory KIR2DL3, KIR2DL2 receptors and the activating KIR2DS2 receptor. We firstly investigated any differences in KIR2DL3+ or KIR2DL2+ NK cell reactivity in response to mixes containing VAP peptide derivatives with the aim that these peptide mixes would be representative of the diverse peptide repertoire on a cell. Overall, we found that NK cells from KIR2DL3 homozygous donors were more sensitive to changes in the peptide content of MHC class I than those from KIR2DL2 homozygous donors. As HCV is an infection with a well-recognised association of outcome with specific KIR, we also sought to determine whether HCV peptides could modulate KIR2DL2/3+ NK cell reactivity. We investigated the ability of the panel of HCV peptides to influence NK cell reactivity firstly via KIR2DL2 or KIR2DL3. The majority of HCV peptides were weak binders for HLA-Cw*0102 and/or non-inhibitory. We found that a HCV peptide (HCV NS31254-1263 LNPSVAATL) was able to promote weak binding of the KIR2DS2 to the HLA-Cw*0102 allele and subsequently affect KIR2DS2+ NK cell reactivity. Here we report that LNP can effectively promote binding of KIR2DS2 tetramers and affect the functionality of KIR2DS2+ NK cell clones. Thus, we propose that the HCV-derived peptide LNP can act as an agonistic peptide on NK cell activation through KIR2DS2.
ASCA Observation of the polar RX J1802.1+1804
Creators: name: Ishida, M.
name: Greiner, J.
name: Remillard, R. A.
name: Motch, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present X-ray data of RX J1802.1+1804 obtained by ASCA. Although it shows a clear orbital intensity modulation with an amplitude of nearly 100% below 0.5 keV in ROSAT data, the ASCA light curves are nearly flat except for a possible dip lasting about one-tenth of the orbital period. We discuss this within the model assumption of a stream-eclipsing geometry as derived from the ROSAT observations. The ASCA X-ray spectrum can be represented by a two temperature optically thin thermal plasma emission model with temperatures of ~1keV and >7 keV, suggesting postshock cooling as observed in EX Hya. A remarkable feature of the spectrum is the strong iron K_alpha emission line whose equivalent width is ~4 keV. To account for this, an iron abundance of greater than at least 1.3 times Solar is required. A combined spectral analysis of the ROSAT PSPC and ASCA data indicates that the N_H-corrected flux ratio of the soft blackbody (0.1-2.4 keV) to the hard optically thin thermal plasma emission (2-10 keV) is as large as ~10^4.
description: 9 pages (LATEX) + 9 ps-figures), l-aa style, accepted for publ. in Astron. Astrophys. 335; jgreiner@aip.de
Exact computation of the Special geometry for Calabi-Yau hypersurfaces of Fermat type
Creators: name: Aleshkin, Konstantin
name: Belavin, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We continue to develop our method for effectively computating the special Kähler geometry on the moduli space of Calabi-Yau manifolds. We generalize it to all polynomial deformations of Fermat hypersurfaces.
Assessing transition policies for the diffusion of electric vehicles
Creators: name: Mazur, Christoph
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2015

description: Though hybrid, electric or fuel cell cars have the potential to lower carbon emissions in transport, they have not yet penetrated the market sufficiently. Policy makers want to solve that issue but have only limited insights on how to actually allocate their limited resources. To address this, research has started examining the transition of socio-technical systems and the roll-out of past technologies. This has led to the Multi-Level Perspective (MLP) framework, which offers a basis to discuss sustainability transitions, transition patterns and pathways. Though it already has provided relevant insights for policy makers on how they can achieve their transition targets, the MLP currently only offers a qualitative framework that only focuses on a narrative understanding of transitions. Quantitative approaches, however, lack the insights from the MLP research strand. Hence, an appropriate mean to assess the effectiveness of policies or firm strategies with regard to future transition pathways is missing. This PhD addresses these shortcomings, creating links between transition science and modelling to allow the examination of sustainability transitions. The outputs help identify suitable policy measures to achieve desired transitions that are compatible with governments’ targets - hence to create (Mission-Oriented) Transition Policies that satisfy environmental and industrial targets.
Linkage of intermediate damage in metallics to material and fracture models
Creators: name: Dunnett, Thomas James
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2014

description: The main objective of this work was to identify the effect parameters in the method of material testing have on three constitutive models that are commonly used to predict high strain rate, large strain material behaviour. These are the Goldthorpe path-dependent model, the Goldthorpe-modified Armstrong-Zerilli model and the path-dependent fracture model, also developed by Goldthorpe. To investigate the material models, numerous interrupted tensile, torsion and compression tests were performed. This led to key improvements to the image analysis and acquisition steps of the interrupted tensile test methodology used to quantify necking. Whilst the models used to predict dynamic deformation and damage to very high strains for ballistic impact applications, such as the Goldthorpe path-dependent failure model, incorporate temperature and strain-rate dependence, they do not consider the effect of specimen size or the microstructural length scale. To investigate this, geometrically similar specimens spanning a scale range of 100:1 were tested quasi-statically to failure. Images of neck evolution were acquired using optical techniques for large specimens, and in-situ scanning electron microscope testing for small specimens, to examine the dependence of neck geometry on a broad range of specimen sizes. Size effects typically arise when the smallest specimen dimension is on the order of a microstructural length (e.g. grain size, dislocation mean free path, etc.), or in the presence of significant plastic strain gradients, which increase the density of geometrically necessary dislocations. An assumption also made to develop the models is that material deformation is isotropic. This encouraged a study where calibrated cameras, multiple view geometry and edge detection tools were used to measure the anisotropic deformation of uniaxially loaded cylindrical specimens. For this investigation tension tests were performed at quasi-static strain rates on a variety of materials using screw-driven test machines. The elliptically evolving specimens were then measured at multiple interruptions to determine the true direct stress and strain at the neck. It is hoped the anisotropic data presented in this thesis will aid model development.
D6.1 - Development of Project Website
Creators: name: Caforio, Alessandro
name: Sepe, Raimondo
name: Flamini, Letizia
name: Flamini, Letizia
name: Selman, Ibrahim
name: Vietri, Davide
name: Sani, Barbara
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: This document illustrates the main features of the project’s website, realized based on the specifications givenin WP6, as Deliverable D6.1. This deliverable, so the public website launch, is due on 31/01/2022; the projectmanagement website will be online on M3.This document illustrates the design options affecting the conception of the Logo, the choice of the ColorPalette characterizing the “Brand Identity” of GreenSCENT, and Home Page and the inner pages of theGreenSCENT website.In the following section, we illustrate the technologies on which the GreenSCENT website relies. In addition,there is a detailed illustration of the sections included into GreenSCENT website in its launching phase andmore specifically: The Home Page inclusive of the objectives of the project The “About us” with an abstract explaining how the project will work The GreenSCENT Pillars are the main areas on which the project refers to Methodology of work Demonstrators: the “practical” use of the project The list with logos and link to their website of the 15 partners involved in the project News, a section supplying a press review, press releases, news and events management; Contacts, allowing the website users (also anonymous users) to get in touch with the GREENSCENTproject team.The website of the GREENSCENT project can be freely navigated at the URL: https://www.green-scent.eu
Self-anisotropizing inflationary universe in Horndeski theory and beyond
Creators: name: Tahara, Hiroaki W. H.
name: Nishi, Sakine
name: Kobayashi, Tsutomu
name: Yokoyama, Jun'ichi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: As opposed to Wald's cosmic no-hair theorem in general relativity, it is shown that the Horndeski theory (and its generalization) admits anisotropic inflationary attractors if the Lagrangian depends cubically on the second derivatives of the scalar field. We dub such a solution as a self-anisotropizing inflationary universe because anisotropic inflation can occur without introducing any anisotropic matter fields such as a vector field. As a concrete example of self-anisotropization we present the dynamics of a Bianchi type-I universe in the Horndeski theory.
description: 13 pages, 2 figures
Reminiscences of Howard C. Petersen 1968
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2020
Subjects: Bankers
Lawyers

description: Director of Fidelity Bank, Pennsylvania, 1950-1966; head, U.S. delegation to Commonwealth Conference, London 1948, on Japanese trade agreement; discussion of project SAILER and International Law Committee; 1951 finance chairman for pre-convention fund raising; impressions of Dwight Eisenhower and Lucius Clay
Theoretical extensions and applications of high frequency homogenisation to periodic media
Creators: name: Makwana, Mehul
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2015

description: An asymptotic scheme is generated that captures the motion of waves within discrete, semi-discrete and continuous periodic media by creating continuum homogenised equations. Conventional homogenisation theory is a well-known classical method valid when the wavelength of any disturbance is long relative to the microstructure. Unfortunately many of the features of interest in real applications involve wave oscillations that are of high frequency and that have wavelength of the same, or similar, order to the microstructure; this requires a new version of homogenisation theory: High frequency homogenisation. This has already been introduced for periodic microstructured continua and extended to discrete systems. Herein we extend high frequency homogenisation further, to deal with localised defect states and non-orthogonal geometries for both discrete and continuous media. We also apply the asymptotic theory to new models, such as in-plane oscillations of the discrete vector system. In each of the studies presented herein, the homogenisation method is verified using numerical and/or analytical solutions.
Topological fermion condensates from anomalies
Creators: name: Catterall, Simon
name: Laiho, Jack
name: Unmuth-Yockey, Judah
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that a class of fermion theory formulated on a compact, curved manifold will generate a condensate whose magnitude is determined only by the volume and Euler characteristic of the space. The construction requires that the fermions be treated as Kähler-Dirac fields and the condensate arises from an anomaly associated with a $U(1)$ global symmetry which is subsequently broken to a discrete subgroup. Remarkably the anomaly survives under discretization of the space which allows us to compute the condensate on an arbitrary triangulation. The results, being topological in character, should hold in a wide range of gravitationally coupled fermion theories both classical and quantum
description: 10 pages, 2 figures, 2 tables. minor corrections. Version published in JHEP
An automated fluorescence lifetime imaging multiwell plate reader: application to high content imaging of protein interactions and label free readouts of cellular metabolism
Creators: name: Kelly, Douglas James
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2014

description: This thesis reports on work performed in the development and application of an automated plate reading microscope implementing wide field time gated fluorescence lifetime imaging technology. High content analysis (HCA) imaging assays enabled by automated microscopy platforms allow hundreds of conditions to be tested in a single experiment. Though fluorescence lifetime imaging (FLIM) is established in life sciences applications as a method whereby quantitative information may be extracted from time-resolved fluorescence signals, FLIM has not been widely adopted in an HCA context. The FLIM plate reader developed throughout this PhD has been designed to allow HCA-FLIM experiments to be performed and has been demonstrated to be capable of recording multispectral, FLIM and bright field data from 600 fields of view in less than four hours. FLIM is commonly used as a means of reading out Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) between fluorescent fusion proteins in cells. Using the FLIM plate reader to investigate large populations of cells per experimental condition without significant user input has allowed statistically significant results to be obtained in FRET experiments that present relatively small changes in mean fluorescent lifetime. This capability has been applied to investigations of FOXM1 SUMOylation in response to anthracycline treatment, and to studies of the spatiotemporal activation profiles of small GTPases. Furthermore, the FLIM plate reader allows FLIM-FRET to be applied to protein-protein interaction screening. The application of the instrument to screening RASSF proteins for interaction with MST1 is discussed. The FLIM plate reader was also configured to utilise ultraviolet excitation radiation and optimised for the measurement of autofluorescence lifetime for label-free assays of biological samples. Experiments investigating the autofluorescence lifetime of live cells under the influence of metabolic modulators are presented alongside the design considerations necessary when using UV excitation for HCA-FLIM.
Prediction of birth weight small for gestational age with and without preeclampsia by angiogenic markers: an Odense Child Cohort study
Creators: name: Thorsen, Lena Heidi Bækgaard
name: Andersen, Louise Bjørkholt
name: Birukov, Anna
name: Lykkedegn, Sine
name: Dechend, Ralf
name: Jørgensen, Jan Stener
name: Christesen, Henrik Thybo
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Computational Biology

description: Purpose: To investigate the predictive performance of placental growth factor (PlGF) and soluble FMS-like kinase 1 (sFlt-1) on birth weight and small for gestational age (SGA), in a large, population-based cohort. Methods: Women enrolled in the population-based, prospective Odense Child Cohort Study with early (GA n = 1937) were included. The association between log-transformed values of the biomarkers and birth weight Z-score was studied using multivariate regression models. The prediction of SGA overall, and in women developing preeclampsia, by biomarkers was evaluated using receiver operating characteristic analyses. Results: No substantial associations between early pregnancy biomarkers and SGA were seen. PlGF measured in late pregnancy demonstrated the strongest association with birth weight Z-score (adjusted β-coefficient = 0.43 [95%CI = 0.35; 0.50]). The area under curve (AUC) for predicting SGA was higher for sFlt-1/PlGF compared to sFlt-1 (0.74 versus 0.63, p = .006) and reached excellent prediction for SGA after preeclampsia (AUC 0.94). Optimal sFlt-1/PlGF ratio cut-offs had higher negative predictive value (NPV) and positive predictive value (PPV) for SGA (cut-off > 5.0; NPV = 99.1%, PPV = 5.4%) compared to each marker individually. Conclusion: The sFlt-1/PlGF ratio is a potential predictor of SGA in population-based screening, particularly when preeclampsia is also present.
Physiological and functional characterisation of RafS, a ribosome associated factor of Mycobacteria
Creators: name: Keshavan, Nandita
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2014

description: Tuberculosis (TB) is a leading cause of death from a single infectious agent and infects one third of the world’s population in a latent form. Latent TB is characterised by presence of TB antigens but a lack of symptoms of TB. Latent TB is associated with the persistent form of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, and is a reservoir from which symptomatic infection arises. Non-replicating persistence (NRP) is postulated to be a reversible state characterised by lack of replication, decreased metabolic activity and increased antimicrobial resistance. To achieve viable persistence, NRP cells have been postulated to require stabilisation of cellular structures needed for stress tolerance and for the transition from NRP to active replication. This study investigates the hypothesis that ribosome stabilisation assists in mycobacterial stress tolerance and persistence. RafS is a novel mycobacterial ribosome associated factor and putative ribosome stabilisation factor. The physiological roles and functional characteristics of RafS are investigated in this study. The role of RafS in M. smegmatis (Msm) and M. tuberculosis (Mtb) physiology were investigated. Competitive survival assays between wild type and ΔrafSMtb illustrated that RafSMtb confers a competitive advantage during survival under nutrient limitation. RafSMsm and RafHMtb were found to significantly inhibit in vitro translation. Furthermore, RafSMsm and RafHMtb inhibited in vitro translation of mRNA with and without Shine Dalgarno sequences. It was determined that RafSMsm is dispensable for growth and survival in several conditions and also for mature biofilm and pellicle formation. Also, RafSMsm is dispensable for tolerance of heat, acid and antibiotic stress. Ribosomal profiling indicated no significant effect of rafSMsm deletion on ribosomal subunit association in log phase and stationary phase rich media cultures. These findings are discussed in the context of mycobacterial growth, survival, stress tolerance and persistence mechanisms.
An Isocurvature CDM Cosmogony. II. Observational Tests
Creators: name: Peebles, P. J. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A companion paper presents a worked model for evolution through inflation to initial conditions for an isocurvature model for structure formation. It is shown here that the model is consistent with the available observational constraints that can be applied without the help of numerical simulations. The model gives an acceptable fit to the second moments of the angular fluctuations in the thermal background radiation and the second through fourth moments of the measured large-scale fluctuations in galaxy counts, within the possibly significant uncertainties in these measurements. The cluster mass function requires a rather low but observationally acceptable mass density, $0.1\lsimΩ\lsim 0.2$ in a cosmologically flat universe. Galaxies would be assembled earlier in this model than in the adiabatic version, an arguably good thing. Aspects of the predicted non-Gaussian character of the anisotropy of the thermal background radiation in this model are discussed.
description: 14 pages, 3 postscript figures, uses aas2pp4.sty
Analysing and forecasting transitions in complex systems
Creators: name: Piovani, Duccio
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2015

description: We analyse in detail a new approach to the monitoring and forecasting of the onset of transitions in high dimensional complex systems by application to the Tangled Nature model of evolutionary ecology and high dimensional replicator systems with a stochastic element, the Stochastic Replicator model. A high dimensional stability matrix is derived for the mean field approximation to the stochastic dynamics. This allows us to determine the stability spectrum about the observed quasi-stable configurations. From overlap of the instantaneous configuration vector of the full stochastic system with the eigenvectors of the unstable directions of the deterministic mean field approximation we are able to construct a good early-warning indicator of the transitions occurring intermittently.
Chironia baccifera Linnaeus, 1753, spec. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1753
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Gentianales
Gentianaceae
Chironia
Chironia baccifera

description: Chironia baccifera, spec. nov.
6. Chironia frutescens baccifera.
Centaurium minus arborescens pulpiferum. Comm. rar. 9. t.9.
Centaurium minus africanum arborescens angustifolium. Old. afr.26.
Habitat in AEthiopia. ♄
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1753, Species plantarum: exhibentes plantas rite cognitas, ad genera relatas, cum differentiis specificis, nominibus trivialibus, synonymis selectis, locis natalibus, secundum systema sexuale digestas, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on page 190, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.3931989
Reminiscences of Howard Pyle and Charles F. Masterson, 1967
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2020
Subjects: Government executives--United States

description: Pyle's early career, contacts with Dwight Eisenhower, fact papers, impressions of White House staff, political career in Arizona. Masterson's experiences with Citizens for Eisenhower, Interstate Defense Highway legislation, Bricker amendment. In a joint interview, Pyle and Masterson discuss fact papers and workings within the administration
Some exact solutions for light beams
Creators: name: Philbin, T. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We give an infinite class of exact analytical solutions for monochromatic light beams with strong focusing. As the solutions do not contain integrals, they are easy to explore compared with diffraction-theory results for strongly focused light. All monochromatic beams can be decomposed into two standing waves, each proportional to a Hilbert transform of the other. This means a beam can be built from any standing wave and our class is derived using this procedure. We give a visual overview of some of the beams, which reveals many interesting energy and field structures, including vortices in the energy flow, angular momentum in the propagation direction, and knotted field lines. We also show how the method can be used to design beams with an arbitrary focal shape.
description: 24 pages. Additional references and discussion
The hole spectral function and the relationship between overlap functions, natural orbitals and the one-body density matrix in nuclei
Creators: name: Antonov, A. N.
name: Stoitsov, M. V.
name: Gaidarov, M. K.
name: Dimitrova, S. S.
name: Hodgson, P. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A method to calculate the hole spectral function in the discrete part of the spectrum is suggested within the natural orbital representation of the one-body density matrix of $A$-nucleon system using its relationship with the overlap functions of the eigenstates in the $(A-1)$-nucleon system.
description: 9 pages, LaTeX, no figures
ESRED : ESSAI DE REDUCTION DE L'IMPAC
Creators: name: VINCENT Benoît
Publisher: name: Sismer
Year: 2003

description: Le programme avait pour objectif d'étudier les impacts physiques et sur le benthos d'un train de pêche au chalut et de proposer des solutions alternatives ayant un faible impact (campagnes ESsais de REduction des impacts).L'approche méthodologique adoptée en début du projet a permis de décomposer l'impact d'un chalut complet en une somme d'impacts élémentaires dus à ses composants principaux en contact avec le sol. L'intérêt de cette démarche est de pouvoir étudier séparément l'impact d'éléments simples à caractériser et d'identifier les élements les plus impactant. Dans une seconde étape du projet, cette démarche a donc permis d'optimiser chaque élément afin de réduire son l'impact.Les effets des panneaux, des bras, des racaseurs ont ainsi étaient étudiés du point de vue de leur impact sur les communautés de benthos et, lors des tests des solutions alternatives, de leur efficacité en pêche. Les analyses de casse de benthos ont été réalisées par le LEMAR/IUEM.
Efficacy and safety of different ticagrelor regimens versus clopidogrel in patients with coronary artery disease: a retrospective multicenter study (SUPERIOR)
Creators: name: Shi, Jing
name: He, Meijiao
name: Wang, Wennan
name: Liu, Guangzhong
name: Zhang, Haiyu
name: Sun, Danghui
name: Li, Jianqiang
name: Mu, Hongyuan
name: Xu, Minglu
name: Zhao, Chenyang
name: Wang, Jiayu
name: Zhang, Chongyang
name: Cang, Hai
name: Zhao, Shiqi
name: Zhang, Zhiren
name: Li, Yue
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Hematology
subject: Virology

description: Current guidelines favor dual anti-platelet therapy with ticagrelor 90 mg BID (T90BID) over clopidogrel 75 mg QD (C75QD) in addition to aspirin for acute coronary syndrome. However, an increased risk of ticagrelor-related adverse events prompted the evaluation of low-dose regimens. This study (NCT03381742) retrospectively analyzed the data from 11 hospitals on 3,043 patients with coronary artery disease, who received C75QD, T90BID, ticagrelor 45 mg BID (T45BID), or ticagrelor 90 mg QD (T90QD). Compared with C75QD, both T45BID and T90QD showed significantly higher inhibition of platelet aggregation (P < .0001) and lower platelet-fibrin clot strength (P < .0001) induced by adenosine diphosphate. Furthermore, compared with T90BID, two low-dose regimens had a much lower minor bleeding rate and a significantly higher proportion of patients within the therapeutic window for P2Y12 receptor reactivity. There were no significant differences between T45BID and T90QD in the trough plasma concentrations of ticagrelor and its active metabolite. Similar efficacy and safety outcomes were observed in the propensity score-matched analysis. In conclusion, the low-dose ticagrelor regimen, either T45BID or T90QD, may provide a more attractive benefit-risk profile than C75QD or T90BID.
Chironia frutescens Linnaeus, 1753, spec. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1753
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Gentianales
Gentianaceae
Chironia
Chironia frutescens

description: Chironia frutescens, spec. nov.
7. Chironia frutescens capsulifera.
Centaurium minus africanum arborescens latifolium, flore ruberrimo. Comm. rar. 8. t.8. Old. afr.26.
Habitat in AEthiopia. ♄
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1753, Species plantarum: exhibentes plantas rite cognitas, ad genera relatas, cum differentiis specificis, nominibus trivialibus, synonymis selectis, locis natalibus, secundum systema sexuale digestas, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on page 190, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.3931989
Measurement of the charged current inclusive muon neutrino interaction cross-section on lead using the T2K ND280 electromagnetic calorimeters
Creators: name: Brailsford, Dominic
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2015

description: This thesis presents an analysis of neutrino interactions using the Electromagnetic Calorimeters (ECals) of the Tokai-to-Kamioka (T2K) off-axis near detector (ND280) as a target using data collected during T2K run 3C. The analysis presented shows the development of a new set of re- construction algorithms which are able to reconstruct multiple tracks which originate from the same neutrino interaction. The output of this reconstruction is used as the basis of a νμ charged current in- clusive selection in the ND280 ECals. The selected events are then used in a simple χ2 fit to extract a T2K flux-averaged νμ charged cur- rent inclusive cross-section on lead, which is measured as ⟨σCC⟩φ = 8.13+1.33 × 10−39 cm2 nucleon−1.
Comparing approximate methods for mock catalogues and covariance matrices III: Bispectrum
Creators: name: Colavincenzo, Manuel
name: Sefusatti, Emiliano
name: Monaco, Pierluigi
name: Blot, Linda
name: Crocce, Martin
name: Lippich, Martha
name: Sánchez, Ariel G.
name: Alvarez, Marcelo A.
name: Agrawal, Aniket
name: Avila, Santiago
name: Balaguera-Antolínez, Andrés
name: Bond, Richard
name: Codis, Sandrine
name: Vecchia, Claudio Dalla
name: Dorta, Antonio
name: Fosalba, Pablo
name: Izard, Albert
name: Kitaura, Francisco-Shu
name: Pellejero-Ibanez, Marcos
name: Stein, George
name: Vakili, Mohammadjavad
name: Yepes, Gustavo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compare the measurements of the bispectrum and the estimate of its covariance obtained from a set of different methods for the efficient generation of approximate dark matter halo catalogs to the same quantities obtained from full N-body simulations. To this purpose we employ a large set of three-hundred realisations of the same cosmology for each method, run with matching initial conditions in order to reduce the contribution of cosmic variance to the comparison. In addition, we compare how the error on cosmological parameters such as linear and nonlinear bias parameters depends on the approximate method used for the determination of the bispectrum variance. As general result, most methods provide errors within 10% of the errors estimated from N-body simulations. Exceptions are those methods requiring calibration of the clustering amplitude but restrict this to two-point statistics. Finally we test how our results are affected by being limited to a few hundreds measurements from N-body simulation, and therefore to the bispectrum variance, by comparing with a larger set of several thousands realisations performed with one approximate method.
description: Additional results with respect to v1, new section and new figures added. 25 pages, 1 table 18 figures
Constraints on primordial black hole dark matter from Galactic center X-ray observations
Creators: name: Hektor, Andi
name: Hütsi, Gert
name: Raidal, Martti
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Surprisingly high masses of the black holes inferred from the LIGO & Virgo gravitational wave measurements have lead to speculations that the observed mergers might be due to ${\cal O}(10) M_\odot$ primordial black holes (PBHs). Furthermore, it has been suggested that the whole amount of dark matter (DM) might be in that exotic form. We investigate constraints on the PBH DM using NuSTAR Galactic center (GC) X-ray data. We used a robust Monte Carlo approach in conjunction with a radiatively inefficient PBH accretion model with commonly accepted model parameters. Compared to previous studies we allowed for multiple forms of DM density profiles. Most importantly, our study includes treatment of the gas turbulence, which significantly modifies the relative velocity between PBHs and gas. We show that inclusion of the effects of gas turbulence and the uncertainties related to the DM density profile reduces significantly the gas accretion onto PBHs compared to the claimed values in previous papers. It is highly improbable to obtain accreting PBHs brighter than the NuSTAR point source limit using observationally determined gas velocities. As such, one can safely conclude that GC X-ray observations cannot rule out ${\cal O}(10) M_\odot$ PBH DM.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures, A&A accepted
Equivariant exceptional collections on smooth toric stacks
Creators: name: Borisov, Lev
name: Orlov, Dmitri
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14F05, 14M25, 55U10

description: We study the bounded derived categories of torus-equivariant coherent sheaves on smooth toric varieties and Deligne-Mumford stacks. We construct and describe full exceptional collections in these categories. We also observe that these categories depend only on the PL homeomorphism type of the corresponding simplicial complex.
description: updated version, 34 pages
Shadow of a black hole at cosmological distance
Creators: name: Bisnovatyi-Kogan, Gennady S.
name: Tsupko, Oleg Yu.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Cosmic expansion is expected to influence on the size of black hole shadow observed by comoving observer. Except the simplest case of Schwarzschild black hole in de Sitter universe, analytical approach for calculation of shadow size in expanding universe is still not developed. In this paper we present approximate method based on using angular size redshift relation. This approach is appropriate for general case of any multicomponent universe (with matter, radiation and dark energy). In particular, we have shown that supermassive black holes at large cosmological distances in the universe with matter may give a shadow size approaching to the shadow size of the black hole in the center of our galaxy, and present sensitivity limits.
description: 7 pages, 2 figures
Cordia myxa Linnaeus, 1753, spec. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1753
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Boraginales
Cordiaceae
Cordia
Cordia myxa

description: Cordia myxa, spec. nov.
1. Cordia foliis subovatis serrato-dentatis. Hort. cliff. 63. Mat. med. 171.
Sebestena sylvestris & domestica. Bauh. pin. 446. Alp. aegypt.30.
Sebestena domestica s. Myxa. Comm. hort. 1. p.139. t.79.
Vidi-maram. Rheed. mal. 4. p. 77. t. 37.
Habitat in AEgypto, Malabaria. ♄
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1753, Species plantarum: exhibentes plantas rite cognitas, ad genera relatas, cum differentiis specificis, nominibus trivialibus, synonymis selectis, locis natalibus, secundum systema sexuale digestas, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on page 190, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.3931989
The d'-Dibaryon in the Nonrelativistic Quark Model
Creators: name: Buchmann, A. J.
name: Wagner, Georg
name: Tsushima, K.
name: Faessler, Amand
name: Glozman, L. Ya.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The narrow peak recently found in various pionic double charge exchange (DCX) cross sections can be explained by the assumption of a universal resonance at 2065 MeV, called d'. We calculate the mass of a six-quark system with J^P=0^-, T=0 quantum numbers employing a cluster model and a shell model basis to diagonalize the nonrelativistic quark model Hamiltonian.
description: 7 pages, Latex, 2 figures, invited talk at 6th Int. Symp. on Mesons and Nucleons 1995, Blaubeuren, Germany, 10-14 July 1995, to be published in pi-N Newsletters