cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Collective, Coherent, and Ultrastrong Coupling of 2D Electrons with Terahertz Cavity Photons
Creators: name: Zhang, Qi
name: Lou, Minhan
name: Li, Xinwei
name: Reno, John L.
name: Pan, Wei
name: Watson, John D.
name: Manfra, Michael J.
name: Kono, Junichiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Nonperturbative coupling of light with condensed matter in an optical cavity is expected to reveal a host of coherent many-body phenomena and states. In addition, strong coherent light-matter interaction in a solid-state environment is of great interest to emerging quantum-based technologies. However, creating a system that combines a long electronic coherence time, a large dipole moment, and a high cavity quality ($Q$) factor has been a challenging goal. Here, we report collective ultrastrong light-matter coupling in an ultrahigh-mobility two-dimensional electron gas in a high-$Q$ terahertz photonic-crystal cavity in a quantizing magnetic field, demonstrating a cooperativity of $\sim$360. The splitting of cyclotron resonance (CR) into the lower and upper polariton branches exhibited a $\sqrt{n_\mathrm{e}}$-dependence on the electron density ($n_\mathrm{e}$), a hallmark of collective vacuum Rabi splitting. Furthermore, a small but definite blue shift was observed for the polariton frequencies due to the normally negligible $A^2$ term in the light-matter interaction Hamiltonian. Finally, the high-$Q$ cavity suppressed the superradiant decay of coherent CR, which resulted in an unprecedentedly narrow intrinsic CR linewidth of 5.6 GHz at 2 K. These results open up a variety of new possibilities to combine the traditional disciplines of many-body condensed matter physics and cavity-based quantum optics.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures
Intermittent migration can induce pulses of speciation in a two-island system
Creators: name: Princepe, Débora
name: Czarnobai, Simone
name: Caetano, Rodrigo A.
name: Marquitti, Flavia M. D.
name: de Aguiar, Marcus A. M.
name: Araujo, Sabrina B. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Geographic barriers prevent migration between populations, thereby facilitating speciation through allopatry. However, these barriers can exhibit dynamic behavior in nature, promoting cycles of expansion and contraction of populations. Such oscillations cause temporal variations in migration that do not necessarily prevent speciation; on the contrary, they have been suggested as a driving force for diversification. Here we present a study on a two-island neutral speciation model in scenarios with intermittent migration driven by sea-level fluctuations. Mating is constrained to genetically compatible individuals inhabiting the same island, and offspring inherit nuclear genomes from both parents with recombination. We observe pulses of speciation that would not occur in strict isolation or continuous migration. According to the seabed height, which modulates the duration of the isolation and connection periods, the maximum richness occurs at different times and in an ephemeral fashion. The expansion-contraction dynamics can accelerate diversification, but a long time in isolation can reduce the richness to one species per island, resembling patterns described by the taxon pulse hypothesis of diversification. Together with other studies, our results support the relevance of research on the impact of variable migration on diversification, suggested to be related to regions of high diversity.
description: 18 pages, 4 figures
Topological analysis and the recovery of entanglements in polymer melts
Creators: name: Ubertini, Mattia Alberto
name: Rosa, Angelo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The viscous flow of polymer chains in dense melts is dominated by topological constraints whenever the single chain contour length, N, becomes larger than the characteristic scale Ne, defining comprehensively the macroscopic rheological properties of the highly entangled polymer systems. Even though the latter are naturally connected to the presence of hard constraints like knots and links within the polymer chains, the difficulty of integrating the rigorous language of mathematical topology with the physics of polymer melts has limited somehow a genuine topological approach to the problem of classifying these constraints and to how they are related to the rheological entanglements. In this work, we tackle this problem by studying the occurrence of knots and links in lattice melts of randomly knotted and randomly concatenated ring polymers of various bending stiffness. Specifically, by introducing an algorithm which shrinks the chains to their minimal shapes which do not violate topological constraints and by analyzing those in terms of suitable topological invariants, we provide a detailed characterization of the topological properties at the intra-chain level (knots) and of links between pairs and triplets of distinct chains. Then, by employing the Z1-algorithm on the minimal conformations in order to extract the entanglement length $N_e$, we show that the ratio $N/N_e$, the number of entanglements per chain, can be remarkably well reconstructed in terms of 2-chain links solely.
description: Main: 9 pages, 6 figures. 6 supplementary figures. Submitted for publication
Flow patterns and defect dynamics of active nematics under an electric field
Creators: name: Kinoshita, Yutaka
name: Uchida, Nariya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The effects of an electric field on the flow patterns and defect dynamics of two-dimensional active nematics are numerically investigated. We found that field-induced director reorientation causes anisotropic active turbulence characterized by enhanced flow perpendicular to the electric field. The average flow speed and its anisotropy are maximized at an intermediate field strength. Topological defects in the anisotropic active turbulence are localized and show characteristic dynamics {with simultaneous creation of} two pairs of defects. A laning state characterized by stripe domains with alternating flow directions is found at a larger field strength near the transition to the uniformly aligned state. We obtained periodic oscillations between the laning state and active turbulence, which resembles an experimental observation of active nematics subject to anisotropic friction.
description: 13 pages, 7 figures
Liouville correspondence between the Short-Pulse Hierarchy and the Sine-Gordon Hierarchy
Creators: name: Kang, Jing
name: Liu, Xiaochuan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper considers the whole hierarchy of bi-Hamiltonian integrable equations associated to each of the Short-Pulse (SP) equation and the Sine-Gordon (SG) equation. We prove that the transformation that relates the SP equation with the SG equation also serves to establish the correspondence between their flows and Hamiltonian conservation laws in respective hierarchy.
3D Target Detection and Spectral Classification for Single-photon LiDAR Data
Creators: name: Belmekki, Mohamed Amir Alaa
name: Leach, Jonathan
name: Tobin, Rachael
name: Buller, Gerald S.
name: Mclaughlin, Stephen
name: Halimi, Abderrahim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: 3D single-photon LiDAR imaging has an important role in many applications. However, full deployment of this modality will require the analysis of low signal to noise ratio target returns and a very high volume of data. This is particularly evident when imaging through obscurants or in high ambient background light conditions. This paper proposes a multiscale approach for 3D surface detection from the photon timing histogram to permit a significant reduction in data volume. The resulting surfaces are background-free and can be used to infer depth and reflectivity information about the target. We demonstrate this by proposing a hierarchical Bayesian model for 3D reconstruction and spectral classification of multispectral single-photon LiDAR data. The reconstruction method promotes spatial correlation between point-cloud estimates and uses a coordinate gradient descent algorithm for parameter estimation. Results on simulated and real data show the benefits of the proposed target detection and reconstruction approaches when compared to state-of-the-art processing algorithms
Chirp mitigation of plasma-accelerated beams using a modulated plasma density
Creators: name: Brinkmann, R.
name: Delbos, N.
name: Dornmair, I.
name: Assmann, R.
name: Behrens, C.
name: Floettmann, K.
name: Grebenyuk, J.
name: Gross, M.
name: Jalas, S.
name: Kirchen, M.
name: Mehrling, T.
name: de la Ossa, A. Martinez
name: Osterhoff, J.
name: Schmidt, B.
name: Wacker, V.
name: Maier, A. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Plasma-based accelerators offer the possibility to drive future compact light sources and high-energy physics applications. Achieving good beam quality, especially a small beam energy spread, is still one of the major challenges. For stable transport, the beam is located in the focusing region of the wakefield which covers only the slope of the accelerating field. This, however, imprints a longitudinal energy correlation (chirp) along the bunch. Here, we propose an alternating focusing scheme in the plasma to mitigate the development of this chirp and thus maintain a small energy spread.
A sample of Fast Radio Bursts discovered and localised with MeerTRAP at the MeerKAT telescope
Creators: name: Jankowski, F.
name: Bezuidenhout, M. C.
name: Caleb, M.
name: Driessen, L. N.
name: Malenta, M.
name: Morello, V.
name: Rajwade, K. M.
name: Sanidas, S.
name: Stappers, B. W.
name: Surnis, M. P.
name: Barr, E. D.
name: Chen, W.
name: Kramer, M.
name: Wu, J.
name: Buchner, S.
name: Serylak, M.
name: Prochaska, J. X.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a sample of well-localised Fast Radio Bursts (FRBs) discovered by the MeerTRAP project at the MeerKAT telescope in South Africa. We discovered the three FRBs in single coherent tied-array beams and localised them to an area of ~1 arcmin$^2$. We investigate their burst properties, scattering, repetition rates, and localisations in a multi-wavelength context. FRB 20201211A shows hints of scatter broadening but is otherwise consistent with instrumental dispersion smearing. For FRB 20210202D, we discovered a faint post-cursor burst separated by ~200 ms, suggesting a distinct burst component or a repeat pulse. We attempt to associate the FRBs with host galaxy candidates. For FRB 20210408H, we tentatively (0.35 - 0.53 probability) identify a compatible host at a redshift ~0.5. Additionally, we analyse the MeerTRAP survey properties, such as the survey coverage, fluence completeness, and their implications for the FRB population. Based on the entire sample of 11 MeerTRAP FRBs discovered by the end of 2021, we estimate the FRB all-sky rates and their scaling with the fluence threshold. The inferred FRB all-sky rates at 1.28 GHz are $8.2_{-4.6}^{+8.0}$ and $2.1_{-1.1}^{+1.8} \times 10^3$ sky$^{-1}$ d$^{-1}$ above 0.66 and 3.44 Jy ms for the coherent and incoherent surveys, respectively. The scaling between the MeerTRAP rates is flatter than at higher fluences at the 1.4-$σ$ level. There seems to be a deficit of low-fluence FRBs, suggesting a break or turn-over in the rate versus fluence relation below 2 Jy ms. We speculate on cosmological or progenitor-intrinsic origins. The cumulative source counts within our surveys appear consistent with the Euclidean scaling.
description: 23 pages, 10 figures, 3 tables. Accepted for publication in MNRAS. Supplementary data are available on Zenodo (https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6047539) and via the Transient Name Server
A hard-sphere quasicrystal stabilized by configurational entropy
Creators: name: Fayen, Etienne
name: Filion, Laura
name: Foffi, Giuseppe
name: Smallenburg, Frank
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Due to their aperiodic nature, quasicrystals are one of the least understood phases in statistical physics. One significant complication they present in comparison to their periodic counterparts is the fact that any quasicrystal can be realized as an exponentially large number of different tilings, resulting in a significant contribution to the quasicrystal entropy. Here, we use free-energy calculations to demonstrate that it is this configurational entropy which stabilizes a dodecagonal quasicrystal in a binary mixture of hard spheres on a plane. Our calculations also allow us to quantitatively confirm that in this system all tiling realizations are essentially equally likely, with free-energy differences less than 0.0001$k_BT$ per particle -- an observation that could be the related to the observation of only random tilings in soft matter quasicrystals. Owing to the simplicity of the model and its available counterparts in colloidal experiments, we believe that this system is a excellent candidate to achieve the long-awaited quasicrystal self-assembly on the micron scale.
description: Contains an SI as ancillary file
On the clique number of a strongly regular graph
Creators: name: Greaves, Gary R. W.
name: Soicher, Leonard H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We determine new upper bounds for the clique numbers of strongly regular graphs in terms of their parameters. These bounds improve on the Delsarte bound for infinitely many feasible parameter tuples for strongly regular graphs, including infinitely many parameter tuples that correspond to Paley graphs.
description: 13 pages
Extended spatial coherence of interlayer excitons in MoSe$_2$/WSe$_2$ heterobilayers
Creators: name: Troue, Mirco
name: Figueiredo, Johannes
name: Sigl, Lukas
name: Paspalides, Christos
name: Katzer, Manuel
name: Taniguchi, Takashi
name: Watanabe, Kenji
name: Selig, Malte
name: Knorr, Andreas
name: Wurstbauer, Ursula
name: Holleitner, Alexander W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on the spatial coherence of interlayer exciton ensembles as formed in MoSe$_2$/WSe$_2$ heterostructures and characterized by point-inversion Michelson-Morley interferometry. Below 10 K, the measured spatial coherence length of the interlayer excitons reaches values equivalent to the lateral expansion of the exciton ensembles. In this regime, the light emission of the excitons turns out to be homogeneously broadened in energy with a high temporal coherence. At higher temperatures, both the spatial coherence length and the temporal coherence time decrease, most likely because of thermal processes. The presented findings point towards a spatially extended, coherent many-body state of interlayer excitons at low temperature.
The pressure distribution in extreme Stokes waves
Creators: name: Lyons, Tony
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 35Q31, 35Q35, 76B99

description: In this paper we prove that the pressure beneath an extreme Stokes wave over finite depth is strictly increasing with depth. Additionally it is shown that the pressure decreases in moving between a crest-line and trough-line, while it is stationary with respect to the horizontal coordinate along these lines themselves.
description: 14 pages, Accepted for publication in Nonlinear Analysis: Real World Applications
Detection of Quasi-periodic Oscillations in SGR 150228213
Creators: name: Chen, Run-Chao
name: Deng, Can-Min
name: Wang, Xiang-Gao
name: Zhou, Zi-Min
name: Yang, Xing
name: Lin, Da-Bin
name: Wang, Qi
name: Liang, En-Wei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The detection of quasi-periodic oscillations (QPOs) in magnetar giant flares (GFs) has brought a new perspective to study the mechanism of magnetar bursts. Due to the scarcity of GFs, searching QPOs from magnetar short bursts is reasonable. Here we report the detection of a high frequency QPO at approximately 110 Hz and a wide QPO at approximately 60 Hz in a short magnetar burst SGR 150228213, with a confidence level of 3.35$σ$. This burst was initially attributed to 4U 0142+61 by $Fermi$/GBM on location, but we haven't detected such QPOs in other bursts from this magnetar. We also found that there was a repeating fast radio burst associated with SGR 150228213 on location. Finally, we discuss the possible origins of SGR 150228213.
Rust Software Security: A Current State Assessment
Creators: name: Svoboda, David
name: Sible, Joseph
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 80309 Software Engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Rust is a programming language that is growing in popularity. While its user base remains small, it is widely regarded as a cool language. According to the Stack Overflow Developer Survey 2022, Rust has been the most-loved language for seven straight years. Rust boasts a unique security model, which promises memory safety and concurrency safety, while providing the performance of C/C++. Being a young language, it has not been subjected to the widespread scrutiny afforded to older languages, such as Java. Consequently, in this blog post, we would like to assess Rust’s security promises.
Galesus (Schizogalesus) quadridens Nixon 1930
Creators: name: Notton, David G.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Diapriidae
Galesus
Galesus quadridens

description: Galesus (Schizogalesus) quadridens Nixon, 1930: 400, 401, 402.
Valid name
Coptera quadridens (Nixon, 1930).
Summary of types
Syntype ♂, BMNH number 9.669. Syntype ♀, BMNH number 9.669b. Syntypes ♀, 8 ♂♂.
Primary type data
Type; Natal/ Van Reenen,/ Drakensberg/ 1-22.i.1927; Africa/ R.E.Turner/ Brit. Mus./ 1927-54; Galesus / quadridens/ 1930 Nixon/ Type ♀ (syntype ♀). Paratype; Natal/ Kloof/ 1500ft / Sept. 1926; Africa/ R.E.Turner/ Brit. Mus./ 1926-404; Galesus / quadridens/ 1930 Nixon (syntype ♀). Type; Natal/ Van Reenen,/ Drakensberg/ 1-22.i.1927; Africa/ R.E.Turner/ Brit. Mus./ 1927-54; Galesus / quadridens/ 1930 Nixon/ Type ♂ (syntype ♂). Paratype; Natal/ Van Reenen,/ Drakensberg/ 1-22.i.1927; Africa/ R.E.Turner/ Brit. Mus./ 1927-54; Galesus / quadridens/ 1930 Nixon (syntypes 6♂♂). Paratype; Orange F. State/ Harrismith/ Feb. 1927; S.Africa/ R.E.Turner/ Brit Mus./ 1927-117; Galesus / quadridens/ 1930 Nixon (syntype ♂). Paratype; Zululand:/ Gingindhloyu/ 15.vi.1926; S.Africa/ R.E.Turner/ Brit. Mus./ 1926-277; Galesus / quadridens/ 1930 Nixon (syntype ♂).
Type locality
South Africa, Free State, Harrismith; KwaZulu-Natal, Gingindlovu, Kloof and Van Reenen.
Remarks
There are two females and nine males agreeing with Nixon’s description and labelled by him as Galesus quadridens. Of these, two are labelled as “type” and the rest as “ paratype “; however, since neither a unique holotype or lectotype has yet been fixed, all are still syntypes (Article 73.2). All are mounted on card points, the females are entire, the male labelled by Nixon as “type” is missing its head, and three other males are missing parts of their antennae.
description: Published as part of Notton, David G., 2014, A catalogue of the types of Diapriinae (Hymenoptera, Diapriidae) at the Natural History Museum, London, pp. 1-123 in European Journal of Taxonomy 75 on pages 85-86, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2014.75, http://zenodo.org/record/3862773
Genomic Tableaux
Creators: name: Pechenik, Oliver
name: Yong, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We explain how genomic tableaux [Pechenik-Yong '15] are a semistandard complement to increasing tableaux [Thomas-Yong '09]. From this perspective, one inherits genomic versions of jeu de taquin, Knuth equivalence, infusion and Bender-Knuth involutions, as well as Schur functions from (shifted) semistandard Young tableaux theory. These are applied to obtain new Littlewood-Richardson rules for K-theory Schubert calculus of Grassmannians (after [Buch '02]) and maximal orthogonal Grassmannians (after [Clifford-Thomas-Yong '14], [Buch-Ravikumar '12]). For the unsolved case of Lagrangian Grassmannians, sharp upper and lower bounds using genomic tableaux are conjectured.
description: 30 pages, color figures
On the weak-gravity bound for a shift-symmetric scalar field
Creators: name: de Brito, Gustavo P.
name: Knorr, Benjamin
name: Schiffer, Marc
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The weak-gravity bound has been discovered in several asymptotically safe gravity-matter systems. It limits the strength of gravitational fluctuations that are compatible with an ultraviolet-complete matter sector, and results from the collision of two partial fixed points of the matter system as a function of the strength of the gravitational interactions. In this paper, we will investigate this mechanism in detail for a shift-symmetric scalar field. First, we will study the fixed point structure of the scalar system without gravity. We find indications that the Gaussian fixed point is the only viable fixed point, suggesting that a weak-gravity bound resulting from the collision of two partial fixed points is a truncation artefact. We will then couple the scalar system to gravity and perform different expansions to track the Gaussian fixed point as gravitational fluctuations become stronger. We also introduce a new notion of the weak-gravity bound that is based on the number of relevant operators.
description: 32 pages, 23 figures
ANÁLISE DA URBANIDADE/HABITABILIDADE, SOLUÇÕES URBANÍSTICAS E HABITACIONAIS, APÓS ANÁLISE MORFODIMENSIONAL, EM ASSENTAMENTO OU EM PARCELAMENTOS IRREGULARES NO DISTRITO FEDERAL – DF:: o caso Vila Cauhy
Creators: name: Úrsula Agnes Mesquita Barbosa
name: Rabelo, Viviane Ramos Dos Santos
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: habitação de interesse social
planejamento urbano
ZEIS (zona de interesse social)

description: A Vila Cauhy localizada no Núcleo Bandeirante- Distrito Federal é fruto de um parcelamento irregular em processo de regularização. A Regularização fundiária em Zona de Interesse Social (ZEIS) admite aplicações de regras especiais ao uso e ocupação do solo, aspecto esse que caracteriza a regularização da Vila Cauhy, visto que originalmente a terra era de pertence do Clube de Regatas do Guará que vendeu de forma irregular para o ex-deputado Sergio Naya. Além de ocupar áreas de preservação ambiental permanente, o que entra em conflito com Código Florestal, está em áreas de riso o que conflita com a Lei de Parcelamento de Solo e com a Política Nacional de Prevenção de Riscos. Existem também lotes com área abaixo do mínimo estipulado pelo Plano Diretor de Ordenamento Territorial (PDOT) e pela Lei de Parcelamento de Solo. Tais fatores mostram a necessidade de intervenção urbanística além de programas de combate à exclusão, no qual torna a Vila Cauhy objeto de estudo e discussão visando melhorias aos moradores fornecendo infraestrutura e serviços públicos bem como a reestruturação da localidade no intuito de manter as APP’s (Áreas de Preservação Permanente) atendendo assim as questões ambientais bem como dotando a Vila de urbanidade, redistribuindo a população em novas habitações propostas no projeto para retirá-las de riscos.
Spin torque driven dynamics of a coupled two layer structure: interplay between conservative and dissipative coupling
Creators: name: Romera, M.
name: Lacoste, B.
name: Ebels, U.
name: Buda-Prejbeanu, L. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this manuscript the general concepts of spin wave theory are adapted to the dynamics of a self-polarized system based on two layers coupled via interlayer exchange (conservative coupling) and mutual spin torque (dissipative coupling). An analytical description of the non-linear dynamics is proposed and validated through numerical simulations. In contrast to the single layer model, the phase equation of the coupled system has a contribution coming from the dissipative part of the LLGS equation. It is shown that this is a major contribution to the frequency mandatory to describe well the most basic features of the dynamics of coupled systems. Using the proposed model a specific feature of coupled dynamics is addressed: the redshift to blueshift transition observed in the frequency current dependence of this kind of exchange coupled systems upon increasing the applied field. It is found that the blueshift regime can only occur in a region of field where the two linear eigenmodes contribute equally to the steady state mode (i.e. high mode hybridization). Finally, a general perturbed Hamiltonian equation for the coupled system is proposed.
description: 16 pages, 7 figues
On the existence of infinite, non-trivial $F$-sets
Creators: name: Ferraguti, Andrea
name: Micheli, Giacomo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11T06

description: In this paper we prove a conjecture of J. Andrade, S. J. Miller, K. Pratt and M. Trinh, showing the existence of a non trivial infinite $F$-set over $\mathbb F_q[x]$ for every fixed $q$. We also provide the proof of a refinement of the conjecture, involving the notion of width of an $F$-set, which is a natural number encoding the complexity of the set.
Heat conductivity from energy-density fluctuations
Creators: name: Drigo, Enrico
name: Izzo, Maria Grazia
name: Baroni, Stefano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a method, based on the classical Green-Kubo theory of linear response, to compute the heat conductivity of extended systems, leveraging energy-density, rather than energy-current, fluctuations, thus avoiding the need to devise an analytical expression for the macroscopic energy flux. The implementation of this method requires the evaluation of the long-wavelength and low-frequency limits of a suitably defined correlation function, which we perform using a combination of recently-introduced cepstral-analysis and Bayesian extrapolation techniques. Our methodology is demonstrated against standard current-based Green-Kubo results for liquid argon and water, and compared with a recently proposed similar technique, which utilizes mass-density, instead of energy-density, fluctuations.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures
Electromagnetic transitions from isobaric analogue states to study nuclear matrix elements for double beta decays and astro-neutrino inverse beta decays
Creators: name: Ejiri, Hiroyasu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Experimental studies for nuclear matrix elements (NMEs) for neutrinoless double beta decays (DBDs) and astro-neutrino inverse beta decays (IBDs) are crucial for neutrino studies beyond the standard model and the astro neutrino reactions since theoretical model calculations for the NMEs are hard due to the high sensitivities of the NMEs to the models. The NMEs associated with DBDs and IBDs are found for the first time to be studied experimentally by measuring electro-magnetic (gamma) transitions from isobalic analogue states (IASs) of the DBD and IBD nuclei. They are used to help the theoretical model calculations for them. The IAS gamma cross sections and the event rates are estimated to show the feasibility of the experiments.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
Multi-wavelength study of a delta-spot I: A region of very strong, horizontal magnetic field
Creators: name: Jaeggli, Sarah A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Active region NOAA 11035 appeared in December 2009, early in the new solar activity cycle. This region achieved a delta sunspot ($δ$-spot) configuration when parasitic flux emerged near the rotationally leading magnetic polarity and traveled through the penumbra of the largest sunspot in the group. Both visible and infrared imaging spectropolarimetry of the magnetically sensitive Fe I line pairs at 6302 Å and 15650 Å show large Zeeman splitting in the penumbra between the parasitic umbra and the main sunspot umbra. The polarized Stokes spectra in the strongest field region display anomalous profiles, and strong blueshifts are seen in an adjacent region. Analysis of the profiles is carried out using a Milne-Eddington inversion code capable of fitting either a single magnetic component with stray light or two independent magnetic components to verify the field strength. The inversion results show that the anomalous profiles cannot be produced by the combination of two profiles with moderate magnetic fields. The largest field strengths are 3500-3800 G in close proximity to blueshifts as strong as 3.8 km s$^{-1}$. The strong, nearly horizontal magnetic field seen near the polarity inversion line in this region is difficult to understand in the context of a standard model of sunspot magnetohydrostatic equilibrium.
description: 13 pages, 11 figures, 1 movie, accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal
Demographics of Hierarchical Black Hole Mergers in Dense Star Clusters
Creators: name: Fragione, Giacomo
name: Rasio, Frederic A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: With about a hundred mergers of binary black holes (BBHs) detected via gravitational waves by the LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA (LVK) Collaboration, our understanding of the darkest objects in the Universe has taken unparalleled steps forward. While most of the events are expected to consist of BHs directly formed from the collapse of massive stars, some may contain the remnants of previous BBH mergers. In the most massive globular clusters and in nuclear star clusters, successive mergers can produce second- (2G) or higher-generation BHs, and even form intermediate-mass BHs. Overall, we predict that up to $\sim 10\%$, $\sim 1\%$ or $\sim 0.1\%$ of the BBH mergers have one component being a 2G, 3G, or 4G BH, respectively. Assuming that $\sim 500$ BBH mergers will be detected in O4 by LVK, this means that $\sim 50$, $\sim 5$, or $\sim 0.5$ events, respectively, will involve a 2G, 3G, or 4G BH, if most sources are produced dynamically in dense star clusters. With their distinctive signatures of higher masses and spins, such hierarchical mergers offer an unprecedented opportunity to learn about the BH populations in the densest stellar systems and to shed light on the elusive intermediate-mass BHs that may form therein.
description: 19 pages, 13 figures, accepted by ApJ
Towards Coordinated Bandwidth Adaptations for Hundred-Scale 3D Tele-Immersive Systems
Creators: name: Hosseini, Mohammad
name: Kurillo, Gregorij
name: Etesami, Seyed Rasoul
name: Yu, Jiang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Multimedia (cs.MM)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: 3D tele-immersion improves the state of collaboration among geographically distributed participants. Unlike the traditional 2D videos, a 3D tele-immersive system employs multiple 3D cameras based in each physical site to cover a much larger field of view, generating a very large amount of stream data. One of the major challenges is how to efficiently transmit these bulky 3D streaming data to bandwidth-constrained sites. In this paper, we study an adaptive Human Visual System (HVS) -compliant bandwidth management framework for efficient delivery of hundred-scale streams produced from distributed 3D tele-immersive sites to a receiver site with limited bandwidth budget. Our adaptation framework exploits the semantics link of HVS with multiple 3D streams in the 3D tele-immersive environment. We developed TELEVIS, a visual simulation tool to showcase a HVS-aware tele-immersive system for realistic cases. Our evaluation results show that the proposed adaptation can improve the total quality per unit of bandwidth used to deliver streams in 3D tele-immersive systems.
description: Springer Multimedia Systems Journal, 14 pages, March 2016
Reconstructing the Proto-Austroasiatic lexicon: a conspectus
Creators: name: Sidwell, Paul
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Austroasiatic
Phonological reconstruction

description: Conference presentation, 10th International Conference on Austroasiatic Linguistics (ICAAL10) hosted by Living Tongues Institute for Endangered Languages (USA) from November 30 – December 2, 2022.
Career Paths for Academic Biostatisticians
Creators: name: Lee, Katherine
Publisher: name: Murdoch Childrens Research Institute
Year: 2023
Subjects: Uncategorised

description: Career paths for academic biostatisticians Katherine Lee, on behalf of The Victorian Centre for Biostatistics (ViCBiostat) & the Australian Clinical Trials Alliance Statistics In Trials Interest Group (ACTA-STInG)
 An overview of academic careers in biostatistics, describing the activities that are conducive to career progression, and brief overview of alternative careers in biostatistics.
Periodic orbits in a near Yang-Mills potential
Creators: name: Contopoulos, George
name: Harsoula, Mirella
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the orbits in the Yang-Mills (YM) potential V=1/2 x2 y2 and in the potentials of the general form Vg=1/2 [α (x2 +y2)+x2 y2]. The stable period-9 (number of intersection with the x-axis, with ) orbit found in the YM potential is a bifurcation of a basic period-9 orbit of the Vg potential for a value of α slightly above zero. This basic period-9 family and its bifurcations exist only up to a maximum value of α=αmax. We calculate the Henon stability index of these orbits. The pattern of the stability diagram is the same for all the symmetric orbits of odd periods 3,5,7,9 and 11. We also found the stability diagrams for asymmetric orbits of period 2,3,4,5 which have again the same pattern. All these orbits are unstable for α=0 (YM potential). These new results indicate that in the YM potential the only stable orbits are those of period-9 and some orbits with multiples of 9 periods.
description: 11 pages, 11figures
Ultrafast laser-induced spin-lattice dynamics in the van der Waals antiferromagnet CoPS3
Creators: name: Khusyainov, D.
name: Gareev, T.
name: Radovskaia, V.
name: Sampathkumar, K.
name: Acharya, S.
name: Šiškins, M.
name: Mañas-Valero, S.
name: Ivanov, B. A.
name: Coronado, E.
name: Rasing, Th.
name: Kimel, A. V.
name: Afanasiev, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: CoPS3 stands out in the family of the van der Waals antiferromagnets XPS3 (X=Mn, Ni, Fe, Co) due to the unquenched orbital momentum of the magnetic Co2+ ions which is known to facilitate the coupling of spins to both electromagnetic waves and lattice vibrations. Here, using a time-resolved magneto-optical pump-probe technique we experimentally study the ultrafast laser-induced dynamics of mutually correlated spins and lattice. It is shown that a femtosecond laser pulse acts as an ultrafast heater and thus results in the melting of the antiferromagnetic order. At the same time, the resonant pumping of the 4T1g - 4T2g electronic transition in Co2+ ions effectively changes their orbital momentum, giving rise to a mechanical force that moves the ions in the direction parallel to the orientation of their spins, thus generating a coherent Bg phonon mode at the frequency of about 4.7 THz.
description: The following article has been submitted to APL Materials as a contribution to a special issue "Emerging Materials in Antiferromagnetic Spintronics"
Characterization of particle removal in an airlift pump with a U-bend
Creators: name: Nigardsøy, Bjørg Synnøve
name: Nilsen, Vegard
name: Karlsen, Tom Arild
name: Mossige, Endre Joachim Lerheim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper investigates the self-cleansing performance of an airlift pump with a u-bend. For this purpose, an experimental test model is used to assess the effect of air supply on the pump's ability to lift water and remove particles under different submergence ratios and particle concentrations. In addition, a simple yet accurate fluid mechanical model is used to rationalize the experiments with individual particles, and to predict the critical water velocity required for removal from the pipe bend. Our experimental results show that the airlift pump is self-cleansing for particle concentrations corresponding to as much as 70% of the cross-sectional area in the u-bend. Furthermore, the self-cleansing ability is relatively independent of the submergence ratio and almost entirely determined by the shear stress. However, the submergence ratio strongly affects energy use, and we find that submergence ratios around 0.75 provide a good compromise between energy use and particle removal efficiency.
Atmospheric electrification in dusty, reactive gases in the solar system and beyond
Creators: name: Helling, Ch.
name: Harrison, R. G.
name: Honary, F.
name: Diver, D. A.
name: Aplin, K.
name: Dobbs-Dixon, I.
name: Ebert, U.
name: Inutsuka, S.
name: Gordillo-Vazquez, F. J.
name: Littlefair, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Detailed observations of the solar system planets reveal a wide variety of local atmospheric conditions. Astronomical observations have revealed a variety of extrasolar planets none of which resembles any of the solar system planets in full. Instead, the most massive amongst the extrasolar planets, the gas giants, appear very similar to the class of (young) Brown Dwarfs which are amongst the oldest objects in the universe. Despite of this diversity, solar system planets, extrasolar planets and Brown Dwarfs have broadly similar global temperatures between 300K and 2500K. In consequence, clouds of different chemical species form in their atmospheres. While the details of these clouds differ, the fundamental physical processes are the same. Further to this, all these objects were observed to produce radio and X-ray emission. While both kinds of radiation are well studied on Earth and to a lesser extent on the solar system planets, the occurrence of emission that potentially originate from accelerated electrons on Brown Dwarfs, extrasolar planets and protoplanetary disks is not well understood yet. This paper offers an interdisciplinary view on electrification processes and their feedback on their hosting environment in meteorology, volcanology, planetology and research on extrasolar planets and planet formation.
description: 58 pages, accepted for publication in Surveys in Geophysics; corrected typos and references
Attractors In Almost Periodic Nicholson Systems And Some Numerical Simulations
Creators: name: Sanz, Ana M.
name: Villarragut, Víctor M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 34K20, 34K60, 37C65, 92D25

description: The existence of a global attractor is proved for the skew-product semiflow induced by almost periodic Nicholson systems and new conditions are given for the existence of a unique almost periodic positive solution which exponentially attracts every other positive solution. Besides, some numerical simulations are included to illustrate our results in some concrete Nicholson systems.
Random sparse generators of Markovian evolution and their spectral properties
Creators: name: Nakerst, Goran
name: Denisov, Sergey
name: Haque, Masudul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The evolution of a complex multi-state system is often interpreted as a continuous-time Markovian process. To model the relaxation dynamics of such systems, we introduce an ensemble of random sparse matrices which can be used as generators of Markovian evolution. The sparsity is controlled by a parameter $φ$, which is the number of non-zero elements per row and column in the generator matrix. Thus, a member of the ensemble is characterized by the Laplacian of a directed regular graph with $D$ vertices (number of system states) and $2 φD$ edges with randomly distributed weights. We study the effects of sparsity on the spectrum of the generator. Sparsity is shown to close the large spectral gap that is characteristic of non-sparse random generators. We show that the first moment of the eigenvalue distribution scales as $\sim φ$, while its variance is $\sim \sqrtφ$. By using extreme value theory, we demonstrate how the shape of the spectral edges is determined by the tails of the corresponding weight distributions, and clarify the behavior of the spectral gap as a function of $D$. Finally, we analyze complex spacing ratio statistics of ultra-sparse generators, $φ= \mathrm{const}$, and find that starting already at $φ\geqslant 2$, spectra of the generators exhibit universal properties typical of Ginibre's Orthogonal Ensemble.
description: 20 pages, 7 figures
Uncertainty Quantification via Spatial-Temporal Tweedie Model for Zero-inflated and Long-tail Travel Demand Prediction
Creators: name: Jiang, Xinke
name: Zhuang, Dingyi
name: Zhang, Xianghui
name: Chen, Hao
name: Luo, Jiayuan
name: Gao, Xiaowei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: Other Statistics (stat.OT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Understanding Origin-Destination (O-D) travel demand is crucial for transportation management. However, traditional spatial-temporal deep learning models grapple with addressing the sparse and long-tail characteristics in high-resolution O-D matrices and quantifying prediction uncertainty. This dilemma arises from the numerous zeros and over-dispersed demand patterns within these matrices, which challenge the Gaussian assumption inherent to deterministic deep learning models. To address these challenges, we propose a novel approach: the Spatial-Temporal Tweedie Graph Neural Network (STTD). The STTD introduces the Tweedie distribution as a compelling alternative to the traditional 'zero-inflated' model and leverages spatial and temporal embeddings to parameterize travel demand distributions. Our evaluations using real-world datasets highlight STTD's superiority in providing accurate predictions and precise confidence intervals, particularly in high-resolution scenarios.
description: In proceeding of CIKM 2023. Doi: https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3583780.3615215
Multi-configurational nature of electron correlation within nitrogen vacancy centers in diamond
Creators: name: Chen, Yilin
name: Jiang, Tonghuan
name: Chen, Haoxiang
name: Han, Erxun
name: Alavi, Ali
name: Yu, Kuang
name: Wang, En-Ge
name: Chen, Ji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Diamond is a solid-state platform to develop quantum technologies, but it has been a long-standing problem that the current understanding of quantum states in diamond is mostly limited to single-electron pictures. Here, we combine the full configuration interaction quantum Monte Carlo method and the density-matrix functional embedding theory, to achieve unprecedented accuracy in describing the many-body quantum states of nitrogen vacancy (NV) centers in diamond. More than 30 electrons and 130 molecular orbitals are correlated, which reveals the multi-configurational wavefunction of the many-body quantum states in diamond. The multi-configurational description explains puzzling experimental measurements in intersystem crossing and charge state transition in NV centers in diamond. The calculations not only reproduce the available experimental measurements of the energy gaps between quantum states but also provide new benchmarks for states that are still subject to considerable uncertainty. This study highlights the importance of multi-configurational wavefunction in the many-body quantum states in solids.
Quadrupolar susceptibility modeling of substrated metasurfaces with application to the generalized Brewster effect
Creators: name: Tiukuvaara, Ville
name: Martin, Olivier J. F.
name: Achouri, Karim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive generalized sheet transition conditions (GSTCs) including dipoles and quadrupoles, using generalized functions (distributions). This derivation verifies that the GSTCs are valid for metasurfaces in non-homogeneous environments, such as for practical metasurfaces fabricated on a substrate. The inclusion of quadrupoles and modeling of spatial dispersion provides additional hyper-susceptibility components which serve as degrees of freedom for wave transformations. We leverage them to demonstrate a generalized Brewster effect with multiple angles of incidence at which reflection is suppressed, along with an ``anti-Brewster'' effect where transmission is suppressed.