cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
SARS-CoV-2 Infection, Risk Perception, Behaviour and Preventive Measures at Schools in Berlin, Germany, during the Early Post-Lockdown Phase: A Cross-Sectional Study
Creators: name: Hommes, Franziska
name: Loon, Welmoed Van
name: Thielecke, Marlene
name: Abramovich, Igor
name: Lieber, Sascha
name: Hammerich, Ralf
name: Gehrke-Beck, Sabine
name: Linzbach, Elisabeth
name: Schuster, Angela
name: Busche, Katja Von Dem
name: Theuring, Stefanie
name: Gertler, Maximilian
name: Equihua Martinez, Gabriela
name: Richter, Joachim
name: Bergmann, Clara
name: Bölke, Alisa
name: Böhringer, Falko
name: Mall, Marcus A.
name: Rosen, Alexander
name: Krannich, Alexander
name: Keller, Jan
name: Bethke, Norma
name: Kurzmann, Marco
name: Kurth, Tobias
name: Kirchberger, Valerie
name: Seybold, Joachim
name: Mockenhaupt, Frank P.
name: BECOSS Study Group
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: SARS-CoV-2
subject: Coronavirus
subject: COVID-19
subject: school
subject: children
subject: seroprevalence
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Briefly before the first peak of the COVID-19 pandemic in Berlin, Germany, schools closed in mid-March 2020. Following re-opening, schools resumed operation at a reduced level for nine weeks. During this phase, we aimed at assessing, among students and teachers, infection status, symptoms, individual behaviour, and institutional infection prevention measures. Twenty-four primary and secondary school classes, randomly selected across Berlin, were examined. Oro-nasopharyngeal swabs and capillary blood samples were collected to determine SARS-CoV-2 infection (PCR) and specific IgG (ELISA), respectively. Medical history, household characteristics, leisure activities, fear of infection, risk perception, hand hygiene, facemask wearing, and institutional preventive measures were assessed. Descriptive analysis was performed. Among 535 participants (385 students, 150 staff), one teenager was found to be infected with SARS-CoV-2 (0.2%), and seven individuals exhibited specific IgG (1.3%). Compared to pre-pandemic times, screen time (e.g., TV, gaming, social media) increased, and the majority of primary school students reported reduced physical activity (42.2%). Fear of infection and risk perception were relatively low, acceptance of adapted health behaviors was high. In this post-lockdown period of low SARS-CoV-2 incidence in Berlin, individual and school-level infection prevention measures were largely adhered to. Nevertheless, vigilance and continued preventive measures are essential to cope with future pandemic activity.
Mapping Research Topics on the Financial Services Authority (OJK): VOSviewer Bibliometric Study and Literature Review
Creators: name: Putri, Laurina Trisnaning
name: Ni'am, Syahrul Khoirun
name: Budianto, Eka Wahyu Hestya
name: Dewi, Nindi Dwi Tetria
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: This study aims to determine the development of research around the Financial Services Authority. The research was conducted from 2011 to 2022, by searching national and international journals indexed by Google Scholar, Sprott, and Scopus via the Perish/Harzing application, with the keyword "Financial Services Authority". Based on the search results, there were 548 research articles, then inputted into the VOSviewer application and analyzed descriptively through a literature review study. The results showed that the number of publications had increased significantly every year. Furthermore, based on the results detected using the VOSviewer application, research related to Financial Services Authority is divided into 7 clusters and 206 items. Meanwhile, based on the results of a literature review study, there are 5 main themes related to the Financial Services Authority (FSA).
Map Reconstruction of radio observations with Conditional Invertible Neural Networks
Creators: name: Zhang, Haolin
name: Zuo, Shifan
name: Zhang, Le
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: In radio astronomy, the challenge of reconstructing a sky map from time ordered data (TOD) is known as an inverse problem. Standard map-making techniques and gridding algorithms are commonly employed to address this problem, each offering its own benefits such as producing minimum-variance maps. However, these approaches also carry limitations such as computational inefficiency and numerical instability in map-making and the inability to remove beam effects in grid-based methods. To overcome these challenges, this study proposes a novel solution through the use of the conditional invertible neural network (cINN) for efficient sky map reconstruction. With the aid of forward modeling, where the simulated TODs are generated from a given sky model with a specific observation, the trained neural network can produce accurate reconstructed sky maps. Using the five-hundred-meter aperture spherical radio telescope (FAST) as an example, cINN demonstrates remarkable performance in map reconstruction from simulated TODs, achieving a mean squared error of $2.29\pm 2.14 \times 10^{-4}~\rm K^2$, a structural similarity index of $0.968\pm0.002$, and a peak signal-to-noise ratio of $26.13\pm5.22$ at the $1σ$ level. Furthermore, by sampling in the latent space of cINN, the reconstruction errors for each pixel can be accurately quantified.
description: Accepted for publication in Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics (RAA); 20 pages, 10 figures
Retaining Skin Barrier Function Properties of the Stratum Corneum with Components of the Natural Moisturizing Factor—A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Double-Blind In Vivo Study
Creators: name: Schleusener, Johannes
name: Salazar, Andrew
name: Hagen, Jörg Von
name: Lademann, Jürgen
name: Darvin, Maxim E.
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: confocal Raman microspectroscopy
subject: skin hydration
subject: water binding
subject: lipid organization
subject: lamellae
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: The influence of a topically applied formulation containing components of natural moisturizing factor (NMF) on barrier-related parameters of the stratum corneum (SC) was investigated in vivo using confocal Raman microspectroscopy in a randomized, placebo-controlled double-blind study on 12 volunteers for 14 days. This method allowed for the elucidation of subtle differences between the verum and the placebo even though the components of the verum naturally occur in the SC. This differentiation is not possible non-invasively by conventional methods. In this study, we found that the applied verum and placebo formulations disrupted the equilibrium of water, NMF and lipids in the SC. The adverse effects of the formulation could be mitigated by incorporating it into a simplified supplementation of NMF molecules. As a long-term effect, the amount of strongly bound water increases at 30-40% SC depth (p < 0.05) and the amount of weakly bound water decreases at 30-40% SC depth (p < 0.05) for the verum. This supplement was also unexpectedly able to prevent intercellular lipids (ICL) disorganization in selected depths. In the long term, the verum treatment limited the lateral disorganization of the ICL to the upper 20% SC depth. Further research is required to elucidate the interplay of these factors in the SC, to better understand their contribution to the equilibrium and barrier function of the skin. This understanding of the interaction of these naturally occurring components could help in the future to develop and optimize topical treatments for diseases like psoriasis, atopic dermatitis, ichthyosis where the skin barrier is disrupted.
A MENTOR: A FRAMEWORK FOR EMPOWERING THE AMBULATORY CARE CLINICIAN IN PATIENT SATISFACTION
Creators: name: Boutary, Myriam
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014

description: In the ambulatory healthcare care setting, patient satisfaction has been shown to impact perceived quality of care and patient outcomes. A review of literature demonstrates that while patient satisfaction measures are valuable, they tend to lack specificity. Patient concerns, however, provide insight into the particulars of the patient experience and create an opportunity for improvement. A MENTOR serves as the framework for this quality improvement project that aims to empower healthcare providers to anticipate and address expectations, manage the patient as a customer, establish rapport, negotiate and partner, treat the clinical and customer diagnoses, offer clarification, and recognize concerns and reinforce realistic expectations and solutions. In doing so, patient concerns can be mitigated before they occur through a process of prevention. Training was accomplished through a series of sequential face to face inservices, each focused on best practices around the management of billing, clinical, and facility related topics that make up the total patient experience. Both nurse practitioners and licensed vocational nurses were exposed to the A MENTOR training which was carried out over four sessions. A rise in self-reported confidence levels occurred following the completion of the series. Ultimately, the A MENTOR framework serves to support the enhancement of the health care provider’s customer service skills in the ambulatory care setting in order to enhance the patient-provider relationship. At the organizational level, A MENTOR is applicable, teaching all staff how to optimize the patient’s perception of their care which drives patient loyalty and positive outcomes.
Status and prospects of SuperKEKB collider and Belle II experiment
Creators: name: Aushev, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: High precision measurements in the quark flavor sector are essential for searching for new physics beyond the Standard model. SuperKEKB collider and Belle II detector are designed to perform such measurements. The status and prospects of the SuperKEKB and Belle II are presented in this article.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures, proceedings for the 15th Lomonosov Conference on Elementary Particle Physics
Additional file 1 of GD2 or HER2 targeting T cell engaging bispecific antibodies to treat osteosarcoma
Creators: name: Park, Jeong A.
name: Cheung, Nai-Kong V.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Purity, binding affinity and endotoxin of bispecific antibodies.
Long-Term Treatment of Azathioprine in Rats Induces Vessel Mineralization
Creators: name: Schuchardt, Mirjam
name: Herrmann, Jaqueline
name: Henkel, Cornelia
name: Babic, Milen
name: Giet, Markus Van Der
name: Tölle, Markus
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: aging
subject: azathioprine
subject: calcification
subject: mineralization
subject: senescence-associated secretory phenotype
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Medial vascular calcification (mVC) is closely related to cardiovascular disease, especially in patients suffering from chronic kidney disease (CKD). Even after successful kidney transplantation, cardiovascular mortality remains increased. There is evidence that immunosuppressive drugs might influence pathophysiological mechanisms in the vessel wall. Previously, we have shown in vitro that mVC is induced in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) upon treatment with azathioprine (AZA). This effect was confirmed in the current study in an in vivo rat model treated with AZA for 24 weeks. The calcium content increased in the aortic tissue upon AZA treatment. The pathophysiologic mechanisms involve AZA catabolism to 6-thiouracil via xanthine oxidase (XO) with subsequent induction of oxidative stress. Proinflammatory cytokines, such as interleukin (IL)-1ss and IL-6, increase upon AZA treatment, both systemically and in the aortic tissue. Further, VSMCs show an increased expression of core-binding factor alpha-1, alkaline phosphatase and osteopontin. As the AZA effect could be decreased in NLRP3(-/-) aortic rings in an ex vivo experiment, the signaling pathway might be, at least in part, dependent on the NLRP3 inflammasome. Although human studies are necessary to confirm the harmful effects of AZA on vascular stiffening, these results provide further evidence of induction of VSMC calcification under AZA treatment and its effects on vessel structure.
Signs of Binary Evolution in 7 Magnetic DA White Dwarfs
Creators: name: Moss, Adam
name: Kilic, Mukremin
name: Bergeron, P.
name: Firgard, Megan
name: Brown, Warren
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present our findings on the spectral analysis of seven magnetic white dwarfs that were presumed to be double degenerates. We obtained time-resolved spectroscopy at the Gemini Observatory to look for evidence of binarity or fast rotation. We find three of our targets have rotation periods of less than an hour based on the shifting positions of the Zeeman-split H$α$ components: 13, 35, and 39 min, and we find one more target with a ~hour long period that is currently unconstrained. We use offset dipole models to determine the inclination, magnetic field strength, and dipole offset of each target. The average surface field strengths of our fast rotators vary by 1-2 MG between different spectra. In all cases, the observed absorption features are too shallow compared to our models. This could be due to extra flux from a companion for our three low-mass targets, but the majority of our sample likely requires an inhomogeneous surface composition. Including an additional magnetic white dwarf with similar properties presented in the literature, we find that 5 of the 8 targets in this sample show field variations on minute/hour timescales. A crystallization driven dynamo can potentially explain the magnetic fields in three of our targets with masses above $0.7~M_{\odot}$ but another mechanism is still needed to explain their rapid rotation. We suggest that rapid rotation or low-masses point to binary evolution as the likely source of magnetism in 7 of these 8 targets.
description: 13 pages, 14 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Thick disks of edge-on galaxies seen through the Spitzer Survey of Stellar Structure in Galaxies (S4G): Lair of missing baryons?
Creators: name: Comerón, Sébastien
name: Elmegreen, Bruce G.
name: Knapen, Johan H.
name: Salo, Heikki
name: Laurikainen, Eija
name: Laine, Jarkko
name: Athanassoula, E.
name: Bosma, Albert
name: Sheth, Kartik
name: Regan, Michael W.
name: Hinz, Joannah L.
name: de Paz, Armando Gil
name: Menéndez-Delmestre, Karín
name: Mizusawa, Trisha
name: Muñoz-Mateos, Juan-Carlos
name: Seibert, Mark
name: Kim, Taehyun
name: Elmegreen, Debra M.
name: Gadotti, Dimitri A.
name: Ho, Luis C.
name: Holwerda, Benne W.
name: Lappalainen, Jani
name: Schinnerer, Eva
name: Skibba, Ramin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Most, if not all, disk galaxies have a thin (classical) disk and a thick disk. In most models thick disks are thought to be a necessary consequence of the disk formation and/or evolution of the galaxy. We present the results of a study of the thick disk properties in a sample of carefully selected edge-on galaxies with types ranging from T=3 to T=8. We fitted one-dimensional luminosity profiles with physically motivated functions - the solutions of two stellar and one gaseous isothermal coupled disks in equilibrium - which are likely to yield more accurate results than other functions used in previous studies. The images used for the fits come from the Spitzer Survey of Stellar Structure in Galaxies (S4G). We found that thick disks are on average more massive than previously reported, mostly due to the selected fitting function. Typically, the thin and the thick disk have similar masses. We also found that thick disks do not flare significantly within the observed range in galactocentric radii and that the ratio of thick to thin disk scaleheights is higher for galaxies of earlier types. Our results tend to favor an in situ origin for most of the stars in the thick disk. In addition the thick disk may contain a significant amount of stars coming from satellites accreted after the initial build-up of the galaxy and an extra fraction of stars coming from the secular heating of the thin disk by its own overdensities. Assigning thick disk light to the thin disk component may lead to an underestimate of the overall stellar mass in galaxies, because of different mass to light ratios in the two disk components. On the basis of our new results, we estimate that disk stellar masses are between 10% and 50% higher than previously thought and we suggest that thick disks are a reservoir of "local missing baryons".
description: Accepted for publication in ApJ
Additional file 2 of GD2 or HER2 targeting T cell engaging bispecific antibodies to treat osteosarcoma
Creators: name: Park, Jeong A.
name: Cheung, Nai-Kong V.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Additional file 2: Figure S1. (A) Representative flow cytometry analysis of tumor-associated target antigens in the osteosarcoma U-2 OS cell line. GD2, disialoganglioside; GD3, disialohematoside; HER2, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2; CSPG4, Chondroitin-sulfate proteoglycan 4; GPA, glycoprotein A33; L1CAM, L1 cell adhesion molecule; GPC-3, glypican-3; PSA, polysialic acid; PD-L1, programmed death-ligand 1; PSMA, prostate-specific membrane antigen; IGF2R; Insulin-like growth factor 2 receptor. Figure S2. (A) The geometric mean fluorescence intensities (MFIs) of GD2-BsAb and HER2-BsAb bound to EATs were measured using anti-idiotype or anti-human IgG Fc antibody. (B) Antibody-dependent T cell-mediated cytotoxicity assay (ADTC) using GD2-EATs and HER2-EATs at decreasing ET (effector to target) ratios and decreasing BsAb arming concentrations. (C) MFIs of GD2-EAT and HER2-EAT over time in flow cytometry. 1x106 of T cells were armed with 0.5μg of GD2-BsAb (GD2-EAT) or HER2-BsAb (HER2-EATs) and measured the MFIs by APC-conjugated anti-human IgG Fc antibody. GD2-EATs and HER2-EATs were incubated at 4℃, and the MFIs of the live cells were analyzed at each time point. Figure S3. In vivo cytokine release by GD2-EATs. (A) Plasma TH1 cell cytokines including IL-2, IL-6, IL-10, TNF-α, and IFN-γ were measured after 4 hours of EAT treatment and compared among groups. (B) Plasma TH1 cell cytokine levels were analyzed at 4hrs, 12hrs, and 24 hours post-GD2-EAT treatment. The P values of AUC for plasma cytokine levels were analyzed. Figure S4. (A) Flow cytometry analyses of tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs). (B) Comparison of TIL frequencies among groups treated with different combination schedules of anti-PD-1 antibody and GD2-EATs. (C) Comparison of the TIL frequencies among groups treated with different combination schedules of anti-PD-L1 antibody and GD2-EATs.
Classification of Dental Radiographs Using Deep Learning
Creators: name: Cejudo, Jose E.
name: Chaurasia, Akhilanand
name: Feldberg, Ben
name: Krois, Joachim
name: Schwendicke, Falk
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: artificial intelligence
subject: classification deep learning
subject: dental
subject: machine learning
subject: radiographs
subject: teeth
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Objectives: To retrospectively assess radiographic data and to prospectively classify radiographs (namely, panoramic, bitewing, periapical, and cephalometric images), we compared three deep learning architectures for their classification performance. Methods: Our dataset consisted of 31,288 panoramic, 43,598 periapical, 14,326 bitewing, and 1176 cephalometric radiographs from two centers (Berlin/Germany; Lucknow/India). For a subset of images L (32,381 images), image classifications were available and manually validated by an expert. The remaining subset of images U was iteratively annotated using active learning, with ResNet-34 being trained on L, least confidence informative sampling being performed on U, and the most uncertain image classifications from U being reviewed by a human expert and iteratively used for re-training. We then employed a baseline convolutional neural networks (CNN), a residual network (another ResNet-34, pretrained on ImageNet), and a capsule network (CapsNet) for classification. Early stopping was used to prevent overfitting. Evaluation of the model performances followed stratified k-fold cross-validation. Gradient-weighted Class Activation Mapping (Grad-CAM) was used to provide visualizations of the weighted activations maps. Results: All three models showed high accuracy (>98%) with significantly higher accuracy, F1-score, precision, and sensitivity of ResNet than baseline CNN and CapsNet (p < 0.05). Specificity was not significantly different. ResNet achieved the best performance at small variance and fastest convergence. Misclassification was most common between bitewings and periapicals. For bitewings, model activation was most notable in the inter-arch space for periapicals interdentally, for panoramics on bony structures of maxilla and mandible, and for cephalometrics on the viscerocranium. Conclusions: Regardless of the models, high classification accuracies were achieved. Image features considered for classification were consistent with expert reasoning.
Photon noise limited radiation detection with lens-antenna coupled Microwave Kinetic Inductance Detectors
Creators: name: Yates, S. J. C.
name: Baselmans, J. J. A.
name: Endo, A.
name: Janssen, R. M. J.
name: Ferrari, L.
name: Diener, P.
name: Baryshev, A. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Microwave Kinetic Inductance Detectors (MKIDs) have shown great potential for sub-mm instrumentation because of the high scalability of the technology. Here we demonstrate for the first time in the sub-mm band (0.1...2 mm) a photon noise limited performance of a small antenna coupled MKID detector array and we describe the relation between photon noise and MKID intrinsic generation-recombination noise. Additionally we use the observed photon noise to measure the optical efficiency of detectors to be 0.8+-0.2.
description: The following article has been submitted to APL
Dynamics of cooperativity in chemical sensing among cell-surface receptors
Creators: name: Skoge, Monica
name: Meir, Yigal
name: Wingreen, Ned S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Molecular Networks (q-bio.MN)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Cooperative interactions among sensory receptors provide a general mechanism to increase the sensitivity of signal transduction. In particular, bacterial chemotaxis receptors interact cooperatively to produce an ultrasensitive response to chemoeffector concentrations. However, cooperativity between receptors in large macromolecular complexes is necessarily based on local interactions and consequently is fundamentally connected to slowing of receptor conformational dynamics, which increases intrinsic noise. Therefore, it is not clear whether or under what conditions cooperativity actually increases the precision of the concentration measurement. We explictly calculate the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) for sensing a concentration change using a simple, Ising-type model of receptor-receptor interactions, generalized via scaling arguments, and find that the optimal SNR is always achieved by independent receptors.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures
Number and the scope of indefinites
Creators: name: Ferch, Elizabeth Ann
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: This thesis examines the scopal behaviour of bare singulars and bare plurals in Shona (a Bantu language spoken in Zimbabwe). I treat these expressions as indefinites which are assigned scope via choice functions; the function variable may be existentially closed, yielding an existential or nonspecific interpretation, or it may be free, taking its value from the context and yielding a referential or specific reading. I argue that apparent scope differences between singulars and plurals can be explained by the semantics of plurality. In Shona, bare plurals appear to be scopally ambiguous with respect to a clausemate scopeless quantifier (a numeral or shoma ‘(a) few’), while bare singulars must take wide scope over scopeless quantifiers. I argue that scopeless quantifiers are intersective modifiers rather than quantifying determiners, and that the sentences with bare plurals in fact have only one reading, a cumulative reading, which subsumes the truth conditions for the apparent wide and narrow scope readings. Another modifier, ose ‘all’, patterns with scopeless quantifiers in its scopal possibilities; I claim that ose denotes an operator which returns the supremum of its complement. There is also an apparent scope difference in negative clauses and clauses with the universal quantifier oga-oga ‘every’ in object position: bare plural subjects appear to have both narrow and wide scope readings, while bare singular subjects appear to be restricted to wide scope. I argue that due to the interaction of information structure and syntactic structure, subjects in Shona must be specific, appearing to take widest scope; apparent narrow scope readings of bare plural subjects are due to nonmaximality and homogeneity. Contrary to appearances, then, bare singulars and bare plurals do not have different scope possibilities; rather, sentences which contain plurals have more general truth conditions than those which contain singulars.
The processing of radiation by dust in galaxies
Creators: name: Siebenmorgen, Ralf
name: Heymann, Frank
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Optical/UV photons and even harder radiation components in galaxies are absorbed and scattered by dust and re-emitted at infrared wavelengths. For a better understanding of the obscured regions of the galaxies detailed models of the interaction of photons with dust grains and the propagation of light are required. A problem which can only be solved by means of numerical solution of the radiative transfer equation. As a prologue we present high angular mid IR observations of galactic nuclei in the spirit of future ELT instrumentation. Dust models are discussed, which are suited to fit the extinction curves and relevant to compute the emission of external galaxies. Self-consistent radiative transfer models have been presented in spherical symmetry for starburst nuclei, in two dimensions for disk galaxies (spirals) and, more recently, in three dimensional configuration of the dust density distribution. For the latter, a highlighting example is the clumpy dust tori around AGN. Modern advances in the field are reviewed which are either based on a more detailed physical picture or progress in computational sciences.
description: 9 pages, 6 figures
Second harmonic electromagnetic emission of a turbulent magnetized plasma driven by a powerful electron beam
Creators: name: Timofeev, I. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The power of second harmonic electromagnetic emission is calculated for the case when strong plasma turbulence is excited by a powerful electron beam in a magnetized plasma. It is shown that the simple analytical model of strong plasma turbulence with the assumption of a constant pump power is able to explain experimentally observed bursts of electromagnetic radiation as a consequence of separate collapse events. It is also found that the electromagnetic emission power calculated for three-wave interaction processes occurring in the long-wavelength part of turbulent spectrum is in order-of-magnitude agreement with experimental results.
An Investigatory study of the relationship between the late positive component of the evoked potential (P-300) and the contingent negative variation (CNV)
Creators: name: Kells, Peter
Publisher: name: University of Calgary
Year: 1977
Subjects: subject: RC 349 E5 K45 1977 Microfiche
subject: Electroencephalography
subject: Electrophysiology

description: Bibliography: p. 64-69.
Can we measure structures to a precision better than the Planck length?
Creators: name: Hossenfelder, Sabine
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It was recently claimed that the Planck length is not a limit to the precision by which we can measure distances, but that instead it is merely the Planck volume that limits the precision by which we can measure volumes. Here, we investigate this claim and show that the argument does not support the conclusion.
description: 9 pages, 1 figure
Haemodynamics analysis of carotid artery stenosis and carotid artery stenting
Creators: name: Johari, Nasrul Hadi
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2018

description: Carotid stenosis is a local narrowing of the carotid artery, and is usually found in the internal carotid artery. The presence of a high-degree stenosis in a carotid artery may provoke transition from laminar to turbulent flow during part of the cardiac cycle. Turbulence in blood flow can influence haemodynamic parameters such as velocity profiles, shear stress and pressure, which are important in wall remodelling. Patients with severe stenosis could be treated with a minimally invasive clinical procedure, carotid artery stenting (CAS). Although CAS has been widely adopted in clinical practice, the complication of in-stent restenosis (ISR) has been reported after CAS. The incidence of ISR is influenced by stent characteristics and vessel geometry, and correlates strongly with regions of neointimal hyperplasia (NH). Therefore, the main purpose of this study is to provide more insights into the haemodynamics in stenosed carotid artery and in post-CAS geometries via computational simulation. The first part of the thesis presents a computational study on flow features in a stenotic carotid artery bifurcation using two computational approaches, large eddy simulation (LES) and Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) incorporating the Shear Stress Transport model with the γ-Reθ transition (SST-Tran) models. The computed flow patterns are compared with those measured with particle image velocimetry (PIV). The results show that both SST-Tran and LES can predict the PIV results reasonably well, but LES is more accurate especially at locations distal to the stenosis where flow is highly disturbed. The second part of the thesis is to determine how stent strut design may influence the development of ISR at the carotid artery bifurcation following CAS. Key parameters that can be indicative of ISR are obtained for different stent designs and compared; these include low and oscillating wall shear stress (WSS), high residence time, and wall stress. A computationally efficient methodology is employed to reproduce stent strut geometry. This method facilitates the accurate reconstruction of actual stent geometry and details of strut configuration and its inclusion in the fluid domain. Computational simulations for flow patterns and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) transport are carried out in order to investigate spatial and temporal variations of WSS and LDL accumulation in the stented carotid geometries. Furthermore, finite element (FE) analysis is performed to evaluate the wall stress distribution with different stent designs. The results reveal that the closed-cell stent design is more likely to create atheroprone and procoagulant flow conditions, causing larger area to be exposed to low wall shear stress (WSS), elevated oscillatory shear index, as well as to induce higher wall stress compared to the open-cell stent design. This study also demonstrates the suitability of SST-Tran and LES models in capturing the presence of complex flow patterns in post-stenotic region.
Physical Conditions and Extension of the Coronal Line Region in IC 5063
Creators: name: Fonseca-Faria, M. A.
name: Rodríguez-Ardila, A.
name: Contini, M.
name: Dahmer-Hahn, L. G.
name: Morganti, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the ionised and highly ionised gas phases in the Seyfert~2 galaxy IC~5063 by means of VLT/MUSE integral field spectroscopy. Our analysis allowed us to detect a high-ionisation gas outflow traced by the coronal lines [\ion{Fe}{vii}]~$λ$6087 and [\ion{Fe}{x}]~$λ$6375. Both emissions are found to be extended. The former up to 1.2~kpc and 700~pc NW and SE from the nucleus, respectively. The latter reaches 700~pc NW of the nucleus. This is the first time that [\ion{Fe}{x}] emission is observed at such distances from the central engine in an active galactic nucleus. The [\ion{Fe}{vii}]~$λ$6087 emission peaks at the nucleus, with two secondary peaks at the position of the NW and SE radio-lobes. The gas kinematics is complex, with the coronal emission displaying split line profiles along the radio jet and line widths of several hundreds km~s$^{-1}$. Velocity shifts of up to 600~km~s$^{-1}$ in excess of the systemic velocity of the galaxy are found very close to the radio lobes and along the jet propagation. The extended coronal gas is characterised by temperatures reaching 20000~K and electron densities $>10^2$~cm$^{-3}$, with the larger values associated to the regions of larger turbulence, likely due to the passage of the radio jet. This hypothesis is supported by photoionisation models that combine the effects of the central engine and shocks. Our work highlights the strong relationship between extended coronal emission and the radio jet, with the former suitably tracing the latter, which in the case of IC~5063, propagates very close to the galaxy disc.
description: 18 pages and 14 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
An Evolutionary Approach to Drug-Design Using Quantam Binary Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm
Creators: name: Ghosh, Avishek
name: Ghosh, Arnab
name: Chowdhury, Arkabandhu
name: Hazra, Jubin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science (cs.CE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The present work provides a new approach to evolve ligand structures which represent possible drug to be docked to the active site of the target protein. The structure is represented as a tree where each non-empty node represents a functional group. It is assumed that the active site configuration of the target protein is known with position of the essential residues. In this paper the interaction energy of the ligands with the protein target is minimized. Moreover, the size of the tree is difficult to obtain and it will be different for different active sites. To overcome the difficulty, a variable tree size configuration is used for designing ligands. The optimization is done using a quantum discrete PSO. The result using fixed length and variable length configuration are compared.
description: 4 pages, 6 figures (Published in IEEE SCEECS 2012). arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1205.6412
Generalized Master Equations for Non-Poisson Dynamics on Networks
Creators: name: Hoffmann, Till
name: Porter, Mason A.
name: Lambiotte, Renaud
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The traditional way of studying temporal networks is to aggregate the dynamics of the edges to create a static weighted network. This implicitly assumes that the edges are governed by Poisson processes, which is not typically the case in empirical temporal networks. Consequently, we examine the effects of non-Poisson inter-event statistics on the dynamics of edges, and we apply the concept of a generalized master equation to the study of continuous-time random walks on networks. We show that the equation reduces to the standard rate equations when the underlying process is Poisson and that the stationary solution is determined by an effective transition matrix whose leading eigenvector is easy to calculate. We discuss the implications of our work for dynamical processes on temporal networks and for the construction of network diagnostics that take into account their nontrivial stochastic nature.
Tbea Wind Energy Business And Development Projects: Short Introduction
Creators: name: Jamil, Irfan
name: Jamil, Rehan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: TBEA
Oversea Business
Wind Pojects
Pakistan
Wind EPC

description: TBEA SunOasis Co., Ltd. is a high-tech enterprise dedicated to the research & development, manufacture and utilization of solar & Wind energy projects. It covers an area of  51670 sqm and has 2035 employees, including 754 technical employees ( 40% of the regular).
Studying the Behavior of Radial Free Geodesics in ΛCDM Model
Creators: name: Nemoul, Omar
name: Guergouri, Hichem
name: Mimouni, Jamal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper presents an analytical study of the behavior of radial free-geodesics in the Friedmann-Lemaître-Robertson-Walker (FLRW) spacetime within the Lambda Cold Dark Matter (ΛCDM) model. Using the radial free motion solutions, we provide two methods for characterizing the geodesics and defines a general formula that encapsulates all possible solutions, determined by two initial conditions. We show that the past light cone, event horizon, and particle horizon, can be considered as special cases of this overarching formula. Furthermore, the paper explores the free geodesics within the currently accepted cosmological model based on the recent Planck results, thoroughly examining the various possible geodesic scenarios.
description: 28 pages, 6 figures, and 1 table
Additional file 2 of Loss of HER2 and decreased T-DM1 efficacy in HER2 positive advanced breast cancer treated with dual HER2 blockade: the SePHER Study
Creators: name: Bon, Giulia
name: Pizzuti, Laura
name: Laquintana, Valentina
name: Loria, Rossella
name: Porru, Manuela
name: Marchiò, Caterina
name: Krasniqi, Eriseld
name: Barba, Maddalena
name: Maugeri-Saccà, Marcello
name: Gamucci, Teresa
name: Berardi, Rossana
name: Livi, Lorenzo
name: Ficorella, Corrado
name: Natoli, Clara
name: Cortesi, Enrico
name: Generali, Daniele
name: Verde, Nicla La
name: Cassano, Alessandra
name: Bria, Emilio
name: Moscetti, Luca
name: Michelotti, Andrea
name: Adamo, Vincenzo
name: Zamagni, Claudio
name: Tonini, Giuseppe
name: Barchiesi, Giacomo
name: Mazzotta, Marco
name: Marinelli, Daniele
name: Tomao, Silverio
name: Marchetti, Paolo
name: Valerio, Maria Rosaria
name: Mirabelli, Rosanna
name: Russo, Antonio
name: Fabbri, Maria Agnese
name: D’Ostilio, Nicola
name: Veltri, Enzo
name: Corsi, Domenico
name: Garrone, Ornella
name: Paris, Ida
name: Sarobba, Giuseppina
name: Giotta, Francesco
name: Garufi, Carlo
name: Cazzaniga, Marina
name: Medico, Pietro Del
name: Roselli, Mario
name: Sanguineti, Giuseppe
name: Sperduti, Isabella
name: Sapino, Anna
name: Maria, Ruggero De
name: Leonetti, Carlo
name: Leo, Angelo Di
name: Ciliberto, Gennaro
name: Falcioni, Rita
name: Vici, Patrizia
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 2.
Models of Stephan's Quintet: Hydrodynamic Constraints on the Group's Evolution
Creators: name: Hwang, Jeong-Sun
name: Struck, Curtis
name: Renaud, Florent
name: Appleton, Philip
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present smoothed particle hydrodynamic models of the interactions in the compact galaxy group, Stephan's Quintet. This work is extension of the earlier collisionless N-body simulations of Renaud et al. in which the large-scale stellar morphology of the group was modeled with a series of galaxy-galaxy interactions in the simulations. Including thermohydrodynamic effects in this work, we further investigate the dynamical interaction history and evolution of the intergalactic gas of Stephan's Quintet. The major features of the group, such as the extended tidal features and the group-wide shock, enabled us to constrain the models reasonably well, while trying to reproduce multiple features of the system. We found that reconstructing the two long tails extending from NGC 7319 toward NGC 7320c one after the other in two separate encounters is very difficult and unlikely, because the second encounter usually destroys or distorts the already-generated tidal structure. Our models suggest the two long tails may be formed simultaneously from a single encounter between NGC 7319 and 7320c, resulting in a thinner and denser inner tail than the outer one. The tails then also run parallel to each other as observed. The model results support the ideas that the group-wide shock detected in multi-wavelength observations between NGC 7319 and 7318b and the starburst region north of NGC 7318b are triggered by the high-speed collision between NGC 7318b and the intergalactic gas. Our models show that a gas bridge is formed by the high-speed collision and clouds in the bridge continue to interact for some tens of millions of years after the impact. This produces many small shocks in that region, resulting a much longer cooling time than that of a single impact shock.
description: 9 figures (some with reduced resolution) and 1 table. MNRAS in press
Quantitative electron microscopy for microstructural characterisation
Creators: name: McAuliffe, Thomas Patrick
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2020

description: Development of materials for high-performance applications requires accurate and useful analysis tools. In parallel with advances in electron microscopy hardware, we require analysis approaches to better understand microstructural behaviour. Such improvements in characterisation capability permit informed alloy design. New approaches to the characterisation of metallic materials are presented, primarily using signals collected from electron microscopy experiments. Electron backscatter diffraction is regularly used to investigate crystallography in the scanning electron microscope, and combined with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy to simultaneusly investigate chemistry. New algorithms and analysis pipelines are developed to permit accurate and routine microstructural evaluation, leveraging a variety of machine learning approaches. This thesis investigates the structure and behaviour of Co/Ni-base superalloys, derived from V208C. Use of the presently developed techniques permits informed development of a new generation of advanced gas turbine engine materials.
A Study of viscous incompressible unsteady laminar flow with suction
Creators: name: Singh, Janardan Prasad
Publisher: name: University of Calgary
Year: 1972
Subjects: subject: QA 929 S55 1972 Microfilm
subject: Laminar flow
subject: Navier-Stokes equations
subject: Fluid dynamics

description: Bibliography: p. 87-89.
Nuclear de-excitation line spectrum of Cassiopeia A
Creators: name: Summa, A.
name: Elsaesser, D.
name: Mannheim, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The supernova remnant Cassiopeia A is a prime candidate for accelerating cosmic ray protons and ions. Gamma rays have been observed at GeV and TeV energies, which indicates hadronic interactions, but they could also be caused by inverse-Compton scattering of low-energy photons by accelerated electrons. We seek to predict the flux of nuclear de-excitation lines from Cas A through lower-energy cosmic rays and to compare it with COMPTEL measurements. Assuming a hadronic origin of the high-energy emission, we extrapolate the cosmic ray spectrum down to energies of 10 MeV, taking into account an equilibrium power-law momentum spectrum with a constant slope. We then calculate the nuclear line spectrum of Cassiopeia A, considering the most prominent chemical elements in the MeV band and their abundances as determined by X-ray spectroscopy. We show that the predicted line spectrum is close to the level of the COMPTEL sensitivity and agrees with conservative upper limits.
description: 4 pages, 1 figure, accepted for publication by A&A
Deprojecting and constraining the vertical thickness of exoKuiper belts
Creators: name: Terrill, James
name: Marino, Sebastian
name: Booth, Richard A.
name: Han, Yinuo
name: Jennings, Jeff
name: Wyatt, Mark C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Constraining the vertical and radial structure of debris discs is crucial to understanding their formation, evolution and dynamics. To measure both the radial and vertical structure, a disc must be sufficiently inclined. However, if a disc is too close to edge-on, deprojecting its emission becomes non-trivial. In this paper we show how Frankenstein, a non-parametric tool to extract the radial brightness profile of circumstellar discs, can be used to deproject their emission at any inclination as long as they are optically thin and axisymmetric. Furthermore, we extend Frankenstein to account for the vertical thickness of an optically thin disc ($H(r)$) and show how it can be constrained by sampling its posterior probability distribution and assuming a functional form (e.g. constant $h=H/r$), while fitting the radial profile non-parametrically. We use this new method to determine the radial and vertical structure of 16 highly inclined debris discs observed by ALMA. We find a wide range of vertical aspect ratios, $h$, ranging from $0.020\pm0.002$ (AU Mic) to $0.20\pm0.03$ (HD 110058), which are consistent with parametric models. We find a tentative correlation between $h$ and the disc fractional width, as expected if wide discs were more stirred. Assuming discs are self-stirred, the thinnest discs would require the presence of at least 500 km-sized planetesimals. The thickest discs would likely require the presence of planets. We also recover previously inferred and new radial structures, including a potential gap in the radial distribution of HD 61005. Finally, our new extension of Frankenstein also allows constraining how $h$ varies as a function of radius, which we test on 49 Ceti, finding that $h$ is consistent with being constant.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS. 17 pages. 16 figures