cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Utah Farm-Chef-Fork: Building Sustainabile Local Food Connections
Creators: name: Brain, Roslynn
name: Curtis, Kynda
name: Hall, Kelsey
name: Brain, Roslynn
name: Curtis, Kynda
name: Hall, Kelsey
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: direct marketing
subject: Extension programming
subject: local foods
subject: sourcing restaurants
subject: specialty crops

description: While research documenting the impacts of direct marketing locally produced foods find positive impacts across the food supply chain (i.e. producers, chefs, consumers, and the overall economy), significant barriers to efficient farm-to-chef connections remain. Lack of knowledge and communication regarding product availability and quality are primary barriers. This paper outlines the activities and impacts of the Utah Farm-Chef-Fork program, who’s primary goal is to enhance community vitality and reduce food miles by connecting Utah producers and restaurants through workshops, mingles, farm and restaurant tours, and other locally-sourcing food events. In 2013-2014, the program conducted six farmer/chef workshops and six mingles statewide, with 172 farmers, 73 chefs, and 24 educators participating. Workshop materials specifically addressed common barriers and benefits experienced by farmers and chefs in local sourcing. Mingles provided producers and small food processors the opportunity to showcase their products to chefs and specialty store owners in attendance. Impact measures show significantly increased understanding and confidence among participants in establishing local-sourcing relationships, as well as plans for increased activity in the future.
Digital Transformation in Circular Supply Chains: Driving Collaborative Sustainability and Greenhouse Gas Mitigation
Creators: name: LEE, Shee Weng
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025
Subjects: Digital Transformation, Circular Economy, Blockchain, IoT, AI Analytics, Supply Chain Collaboration, Carbon Footprint Reduction, Greenhouse Gas Emissions

description: Abstract

Digital technologies are increasingly seen as catalysts for more sustainable and efficient supply chain models, particularly in the context of the circular economy. This study investigates the role of blockchain, Internet of Things (IoT), and AI-driven analytics in fostering multi-stakeholder collaboration—ranging from suppliers and manufacturers to recyclers and logistics partners—and analyses the resultant effects on carbon footprint reduction. By synthesizing insights from peer-reviewed literature, industry case studies, and practical field reports, the paper illustrates how these digital platforms enhance data transparency, process coordination, and real-time decision-making across complex supply chain ecosystems (World Economic Forum, 2021; European Commission, 2023). Quantitative assessments reveal notable greenhouse gas (GHG) emission decreases—often exceeding double-digit percentages—when circular supply chain strategies are coupled with robust digital infrastructures (Bocken et al., 2016; UNEP, 2020). These findings emphasize the transformative potential of digital innovation in creating resilient, collaborative, and environmentally accountable networks that align operational objectives with broader sustainability goals.
Additional file 1: of RNA sequencing of identical twins discordant for autism reveals blood-based signatures implicating immune and transcriptional dysregulation
Creators: name: Saffari, Ayden
name: Arno, Matt
name: Nasser, Eric
name: Ronald, Angelica
name: Wong, Chloe
name: Schalkwyk, Leonard C.
name: Mill, Jonathan
name: Dudbridge, Frank
name: Meaburn, Emma
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Supplementary results tables and figures. (DOCX 1562 kb)
title: The Effect of Legislated Tax Changes on the Trade Balance: Empirical Evidence for the United States, Germany, and the United Kingdom
title: MAGKS - Joint Discussion Paper Series in Economics
Creators: name: Hayo, Bernd
name: Mierzwa, Sascha
Publisher: name: Philipps-Universität Marburg
Year: 2021
Subjects: United Kingdom
VAR
tax policy
imports, Germany
Fiscal policy
exports
trade balance
narrative approach
Economics
Wirtschaft
United States
legislated tax changes

description: Using a narrative account of quarterly discretionary changes in tax liabilities from 1974Q4 to 2018Q2 in a VAR setting, we study whether legislative tax changes affect the trade balance in the US, Germany, and the UK. As legislative tax changes we consider (i) all changes, (ii) personal income tax changes, (iii) business tax changes, (iv) indirect tax changes in Germany and the UK, (v) asymmetric reactions after tax hikes and cuts, and (vi) spillovers of US tax changes into Germany and the UK. Generally, we find that after a reduction in aggregated tax liabilities, exports in the US and the UK react quite similarly and tend to fall, whereas imports tend to rise across all three countries. Consequently—and fostered by growing output—the net-exports-to-GDP ratio decreases, significantly so in the US and UK. When disaggregating the tax shocks, we find similar reactions in the US and UK, whereas for Germany, we often find a symmetric reaction of exports and imports, leaving the NEX-to-GDP ratio unchanged. However, employing normal variations of the tax changes as a yardstick, the economic magnitude of the estimated effects on the trade variables is not particularly large.
The spectrum of strings on BTZ black holes and spectral flow in the SL(2,R) WZW model
Creators: name: Hemming, Samuli
name: Keski-Vakkuri, Esko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the spectrum of bosonic string theory on rotating BTZ black holes, using a SL(2,R) WZW model. Previously, Natsuume and Satoh have analyzed strings on BTZ black holes using orbifold techniques. We show how an appropriate spectral flow in the WZW model can be used to generate the twisted sectors, emphasizing how the spectral flow works in the hyperbolic basis natural for the BTZ black hole. We discuss the projection condition which leads to the quantization condition for the allowed quantum numbers for the string excitations, and its connection to the anomaly in the corresponding conserved Noether current.
description: 16 pages, LaTeX2e. v2: Added a discussion of the continuous spacetime string energy spectrum, corrected some typos
Immune-driven positive and balancing selection in human populations
Creators: name: Kaewert, Sarah
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2019
Subjects: selection
immunity
genetics

description: This thesis examines the evidence for positive and balancing selection on immune genes in 388 individuals grouped into thirteen geographically diverse populations. The data are high coverage whole genome sequences, many from populations that have been sparsely represented in global genetic diversity studies in the past. Two main analyses were performed for both positive and balancing selection: enrichment tests for each population and class of immune genes, and filtering for top variants or genes driving selection signals. Four different measures of positive selection and three measures of balancing selection were used to scan the whole genome data for evidence of selection. Further filters, including functional importance predictors, were used to filter results for potential driver variants. Positive selection results show significant enrichment for genes associated with bacteria or virus interaction, the innate immune system, and antigen processing and presentation. Results also include variants potentially driving signals of selection. One of these is a missense variant in the Northeast Siberian population in the gene IL27, which is involved in modulation of immune response to infection. Balancing selection enrichment tests show that genes associated with T cell function and antigen processing and presentation are significantly enriched in every population. The HLA region features heavily in these enrichments. One top gene result is GNLY, a gene that produces the antimicrobial protein granulysin, in the West Siberian and Island Southeast Asian populations. Another is PGLYRP4, which is a top gene in seven populations and is involved in recognition and defense against Gram-negative and -positive bacteria. In conclusion, as a general trend there is more enrichment in genes that interact with bacteria and viruses in the positive selection results, and more enrichment in genes involved with antigen processing and presentation and T cell function in the balancing selection results. The combined results show the different immune-driven selection histories of each population, as well as highlight a number of variants and genes that are potential drivers of selection and promising candidates for further study.
Universality of the Poincaré gravitational form factor constraints
Creators: name: Lorcé, Cédric
name: Lowdon, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Relativistic spin states are convention dependent. In this work we prove that the zero momentum-transfer limits of the leading two form factors in the decomposition of the energy-momentum tensor matrix elements are independent of this choice. In particular, we demonstrate that these constraints are insensitive to whether the corresponding states are massive or not, and that they arise purely due to the Poincaré covariance of the states.
description: 11 pages; v2: additional comments added, matches published version
The Angular Expansion and Distance of the Planetary Nebula BD+30 3639
Creators: name: Li, Jianyang
name: Harrington, J. Patrick
name: Borkowski, Kazimierz J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The WFPC2 camera aboard the HST was used to obtain images of the planetary nebula BD+30 3639 at two epochs separated by 5.663 years. The expansion of the nebula in the H-alpha and [N II] bands has been measured using several methods. Detailed expansion maps for both emission lines were constructed from nearly 200 almost independent features. There is good agreement between the (independent) H-alpha and [N II] proper motions. The central velocity split is measured from the STIS echelle spectra of the C II] 2326A multiplet to be +/-36.3 km/s at a position angle of 99 degrees. The angular displacement along this slit position was measured to be 4.25 mas/yr at 2".47 from the center. We constructed a tilted ellipsoidal shell model by fitting the radio brightness variation of the 5 and 15 GHz VLA observations, and making use of the ground-based echelle spectra from Bryce & Mellema (1999), to estimate distance. Our model has an axial ratio of 1.56, is inclined to the line of sight by 9.7 degrees, and exhibits an expansion in the plane of the sky which is 2/3 that in the radial direction, leading to a distance of 1.2 kpc. Not all the kinematic data fits this simple model, so the distance must still be regarded as uncertain. Based on the recent model atmosphere of Crowther et al. (2002), a distance of 1.2 kpc implies a stellar luminosity of 4250 L_sun. The kinematic age of the nebula varies somewhat from region to region; a good average value is 800 years, while the expansion along the position of the echelle slit gives about 600 years.
description: 21 pages, 9 figures, accepted by AJ, May 2002
In the Pursuit of $X(5568)$ and its Charmed Partner
Creators: name: Süngü, J. Y.
name: Türkan, A.
name: Veliev, E. Veli
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The recent observation by the D$Ø$ collaboration of the first tetraquark candidate with four different quark flavors $(u, d, s$ and $ b)$ in the $B^0_sπ^{\pm}$ channel having a narrow structure, has still not been confirmed by other collaborations. Further independent experiments are required either to confirm the $X(5568)$ state or to set limits on its production. Though quantum numbers are not exactly clear, the results existing in the literature indicate that it is probably an axial-vector or scalar state candidate. In this study, mass and pole residue of the $X(5568)$ resonance assuming as a tightly bound diquark, with spin-parity both $J^{P}=1^{+}$ or $J^{PC}=0^{++}$ are calculated using two-point Thermal SVZ sum rules technique by including condensates up to dimension six. Moreover, its partner in the charm sector is also discussed. Investigations defining the thermal properties of $X(5568)$ and its charmed partner may provide valuable hints and information for the upcoming experiments such as CMS, LHCb and PANDA.
description: 22 pages, 9 figures
TESSEI: Das '7-Minuten-Wunder' – Insider-Einblick in die Verwirklichung des 'Shinkansen-Theaters'
Creators: name: Yabe, Teruo
name: Ditzer, Roman
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Lean Management
Lean Production
Kaizen
KVP
Change Management

description: Teruo Yabe; Übersetzung: Roman Ditzer TESSEI ist eine Tochterfirma der East Japan Railway Company (JR-EAST) und dafür zuständig, die Shinkansen-Waggons an der Endhaltestelle Tokyo-Station innerhalb weniger Minuten zu reinigen, bevor die Züge wieder losfahren. Der Autor hat in seiner Zeit bei TESSEI die Firma reformiert und eine unternehmenskulturelle Revolution bewirkt. In deren Zuge gelang es, die Arbeitsabläufe zu verbessern und konsequent zu standardisieren - mit beeindruckenden Ergebnissen. Dem Autor zufolge bestand die größte Hürde in der Einstellung der Mitarbeiter. Der Durchbruch kam über die Änderung dieser Einstellung. TESSEI genießt Kult-Status in Japan und ist über die Landesgrenzen hinaus berühmt. Anmerkung des Übersetzers: Dieser Artikel ist ein seltenes Beispiel für einen Text, in dem ein Top Manager zurückblickt und seine Führungsphilosophie und Herangehensweise in einem Turn Around-Projekt beschreibt.
Supply and Demand for Fresh Locally Produced Poultry Products in United Arab Emirates
Creators: name: Fathelrahman, Eihab
name: Hussein, Ahmed
name: Muhammad, Safdar
name: Sherif, Sherin
name: Fathelrahman, Eihab
name: Hussein, Ahmed
name: Muhammad, Safdar
name: Sherif, Sherin
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: International Development
subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: locally produced poultry
subject: production economic performance
subject: Willingness to Pay
subject: premium
subject: United Arab Emirates

description: Domestically produced poultry products in United Arab Emirates (UAE) are mostly marketed fresh. The objective of this research was to analyze the economic performance of the production supply chain and estimate consumers’ Willingness to Pay (WTP) higher prices for fresh/chilled and locally-produced products such as fresh/chilled whole chicken and eggs. The authors conclude that increases in productivity are possible by adapting “best practices.” Applying “best practices” is expected to increase market share for locally produced poultry products against fresh imported poultry products. Results of the cross-section survey data collected, analyzing the demand side, found that WTP is significantly affected by explanatory households’ socio-economic characteristics variables such as income, nationality, head of household age and gender.
MOESM1 of Analysis of pooled genome sequences from Djallonke and Sahelian sheep of Ghana reveals co-localisation of regions of reduced heterozygosity with candidate genes for disease resistance and adaptation to a tropical environment
Creators: name: M. Yaro
name: K. Munyard
name: E. Morgan
name: R. Allcock
name: M. Stear
name: D. Groth
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Additional file 1: Shows the details of Genomic relationship matrix output for this analysis for all the individual Djallonke and Sahelian sheep sampled for this study.
Different space-time freeze-out picture -- an explanation of different $Λ$ and $\barΛ$ polarization?
Creators: name: Vitiuk, O.
name: Bravina, L.
name: Zabrodin, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Thermal vorticity in non-central Au+Au collisions at energies $7.7 \leq \sqrt{s} \leq 62.4$ GeV is calculated within the UrQMD transport model. Tracing the $Λ$ and $\barΛ$ hyperons back to their last interaction point we were able to obtain the temperature and the chemical potentials at the time of emission by fitting the extracted bulk characteristics of hot and dense medium to statistical model of ideal hadron gas. Then the polarization of both hyperons was calculated. The polarization of $Λ$ and $\barΛ$ increases with decreasing energy of nuclear collisions. The stronger polarization of $\barΛ$ is explained by the different space-time distributions of $Λ$ and $\barΛ$ and by different freeze-out conditions of both hyperons.
description: Corresponds to pubslished version
Feasibility Study for Mixes of Different Sales Options for Rural Local Food Collaborators
Creators: name: Gatzke, Holly
name: Cowee, Margaret
name: Harris, Thomas
name: Gatzke, Holly
name: Cowee, Margaret
name: Harris, Thomas
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: local food
subject: collaborative distribution
subject: food supply chain

description: Collaborative local food distribution and business enterprise combinations were studied for agriculture producers in remote, low-populated rural communities in Nevada. The research assessed the supply of agricultural products and compared the feasibility of enterprises for local sales and value adding and distribution to Las Vegas. Consumer interests and demand for local food indicated potential demand for a commercial kitchen, café and storefront, a local buying club, Las Vegas product distribution, or a combination of all. The agriculture producers have used the results to plan collaborative distribution into differing enterprise mixes to maximize profits and efficiency, and meet regional consumer demand.
title: Employment Effects of Immigration to Germany in the Period of Migration Policy Liberalization, 2005—2018
title: MAGKS - Joint Discussion Paper Series in Economics
Creators: name: Erol, Isil
name: Unal, Umut
Publisher: name: Philipps-Universität Marburg
Year: 2021
Subjects: Labour Economics
Immigration
Asylum seekers
Employment
Labour market
Economics
Wirtschaft

description: Germany has undergone a significant migration policy shift since the early 2000s. This paper examines the total employment effect of immigration during the liberalization of migration policies from 2005 to 2018 using a spatial approach. A set of methods, along with static and dynamic macro-econometric models, were applied on a balanced panel formed by a unique and manually collected data for 156 statistical regions based on the definition of the German Federal Employment Agency. We find suggestive evidence that there has been a significant adverse impact of new immigrants on the overall employment rate, and this negative effect is substantially larger than those reported in previous studies on the employment effect of immigration in the German labour market. In a further step, we divide our sample into two subsamples to capture the employment effect of the massive humanitarian inflows that began in 2015. Our results indicate that, in addition to the new immigrants' lower rate of integration into the local labour markets, a sudden influx of asylum seekers may possibly lead to a substantial fall in the employment rates, because asylum seekers are not immediately allowed
to work in the country.
Maximum Temperatures in Evolving Protoplanetary Discs and Composition of Planetary Building Blocks
Creators: name: Li, Min
name: Huang, Shichun
name: Zhu, Zhaohuan
name: Petaev, Michail I.
name: Steffen, Jason H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The maximum temperature and radial temperature profile in a protoplanetary disc are important for the condensation of different elements in the disc. We simulate the evolution of a set of protoplanetary discs from the collapse of their progenitor molecular cloud cores as well as the dust decoupling within the discs as they evolve. We show how the initial properties of the cloud cores affect the thermal history of the protoplanetary discs using a simple viscous disc model. Our results show that the maximum midplane temperature in the disc occurs within 0.5 AU. It increases with the initial cloud temperature and decreases with its angular velocity and the viscosity of the disc. From the observed properties of the molecular cloud cores we find the median value of the maximum temperature is around 1250 K, with roughly 90% of them being less than 1500 K - a value that is lower than the 50% condensation temperatures of most refractory elements. Therefore, only cloud cores with high initial temperatures or low angular velocities and/or low viscosities within the planet-forming discs will result in refractory-rich planetesimals. To reproduce the volatile depletion pattern of CM, CO, and CV chondrites and the terrestrial planets in Solar system, one must either have rare properties of the initial molecular cloud cores like high core temperature, or other sources of energy to heat the disc to sufficiently high temperatures. Alternatively, the volatile depletion observed in these chondrites may be inherited from the progenitor molecular cloud.
description: 9 pages, 11 figures
Manifolds in high dimensional random landscape: complexity of stationary points and depinning
Creators: name: Fyodorov, Yan V
name: Doussal, Pierre Le
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We obtain explicit expressions for the annealed complexities associated respectively with the total number of (i) stationary points and (ii) local minima of the energy landscape for an elastic manifold with internal dimension $d<4$ embedded in a random medium of dimension $N \gg 1$ and confined by a parabolic potential with the curvature parameter $μ$. These complexities are found to both vanish at the critical value $μ_c$ identified as the Larkin mass. For $μ
Designing a Hybrid Inkjet and Laser Manufacturing System for the Digital and Non-Contact Fabrication of Emerging Nanotechnology Based Devices
Creators: name: Shams, Yoanna
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2019
Subjects: Inkjet Printing
Laser Patterning
Carbon nanotubes
Direct-write
iron oxide nanoparticles
nano-catalyst
catalyst nano-islands
inkjet
carbon nanotubes
femtosecond laser
gas sensor
nanomanufacturing

description: Though many VA-CNT based applications have recently been developed, there is still a research gap in the scalable manufacture of VA-CNT applications in industry. In this research, a hybrid additive and subtractive direct-write digital fabrication platform has been developed to deposit and pattern catalyst for VA-CNT Growth. Inkjet printing has been explored as the additive technology for depositing magnetite nanoparticles as catalyst, and laser ablation has been studied as a subtractive technique to pattern the catalyst for growing VA-CNT structures, using chemical vapour deposition as an assistive growth procedure. The research was conducted in three phases. In the feasibility phase the CVD growth conditions were established and a comparison was made using SEM and AFM analysis. A variation in size between the annealed nano-islands formed from the nanoparticle film and the PVD deposited iron film was identified. The magnetite ink properties were then characterised for inkjet printing. In the specification phase inkjet printing and laser patterning experiments were conducted. It was determined that VA-CNTs can be grown by printing 2.19 \% w/w ink concentration on UV treated 10 nm alumina coated substrates at a droplet spacing of 45 µm. SEM analysis identified that even though the nano-islands formed from the inkjet printed catalyst are larger in size than those formed from the PVD deposited catalyst, VA-CNTs were successfully grown. In the laser patterning experiments a femtosecond laser fluence range between 0.48 J/cm_2 and 0.64 J/cm_2 was found to successfully pattern the nanoparticle catalyst. Varying laser fluence resulted in a change in the annealed catalyst nano-island size, giving varying growth trends. In the conceptualisation phase, an industrially scalable laser system by M-Solv Ltd was successfully demonstrated for patterning the catalyst. Gas sensing experiments were also conducted proving a response of the VA-CNTs to changes in nitrogen dioxide.
description: EPSRC Cambridge and Cranfield Doctoral Training Centre in Ultra Precision Centre (EPSRC Reference : EP/K503241/1) and M-SOLV Ltd.
Self-Reported Consumption of Fast-Food Meals by University Students
Creators: name: McLean-Meyinsse, Patricia E.
name: Taylor, Shervia S.
name: Gager, Janet V.
name: McLean-Meyinsse, Patricia E.
name: Taylor, Shervia S.
name: Gager, Janet V.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety

description: Students’ consumption of fast-food meals depends on perceptions of health status, label use, knowledge about sugars, household income levels, age, and marital status. Consumption is independent of weight status, knowledge of total fat and sodium, gender, household size, academic classification, and areas of residence. Perceptions of weight status statistically significantly differ from body mass indices. U.S. overweight and obesity rates have been steadily increasing in the 18 to 29 age group, and this group often includes university students. Thus, universities can play an active role in helping students to learn about the potential dangers of unhealthy diets and to develop better eating habits
title: Judicial Independence: Why Does De Facto Diverge from De Jure?
title: MAGKS - Joint Discussion Paper Series in Economics
Creators: name: Hayo, Bernd
name: Voigt, Stefan
Publisher: name: Philipps-Universität Marburg
Year: 2021
Subjects: Judicial independence
de jure
constitutional compliance
de facto
Economics
Wirtschaft
de jure-de facto gap.

description: An independent judiciary is often hailed as one of the most important aspects of the rule of law. Securing judicial independence (JI) via explicit constitutional rules seems straightforward and there is evidence that de jure and de facto JI are linked, at least in the long term. However, the realized degree of judicial independence often diverges significantly from the constitutionally guaranteed one. Based on a worldwide panel dataset from 1950 to 2018, we find that a negative gap, that is, when de jure JI > de facto JI, is very common. Factors associated with a decreasing gap are the number of veto players and the extent of press freedom and democracy, whereas corruption is associated with an increasing gap between de jure JI and de facto JI.
MOESM8 of Genomic interrogation of familial short stature contributes to the discovery of the pathophysiological mechanisms and pharmaceutical drug repositioning
Creators: name: Wong, Henry
name: Lin, Ying-Ju
name: Hsing-Fang Lu
name: Liao, Wen-Ling
name: Chien-Hsiun Chen
name: Jer-Yuarn Wu
name: Wei-Chiao Chang
name: Fuu-Jen Tsai
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Hematology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 8: Table S3. Summary of four single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) located in exonic regions. (DOCX 12 kb)
Linear Gas Dynamics in the Expanding Universe: Why the Jeans Scale does not Matter
Creators: name: Gnedin, Nickolay Y.
name: Baker, Emily J.
name: Bethell, Thomas J.
name: Drosback, Meredith M.
name: Harford, A. Gayler
name: Hicks, Amalia K.
name: Jensen, Adam G.
name: Keeney, Brian A.
name: Kelso, Christopher M.
name: Neyrinck, Mark C.
name: Pollack, Scott E.
name: van Vliet, Timothy P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the relationship between the dark matter and baryons in the linear regime. This relation is quantified by the so-called ``filtering scale''. We show that a simple gaussian ansatz which uses the filtering scale provides a good approximation to the exact solution.
description: submitted to ApJ
MOESM9 of Genomic interrogation of familial short stature contributes to the discovery of the pathophysiological mechanisms and pharmaceutical drug repositioning
Creators: name: Wong, Henry
name: Lin, Ying-Ju
name: Hsing-Fang Lu
name: Liao, Wen-Ling
name: Chien-Hsiun Chen
name: Jer-Yuarn Wu
name: Wei-Chiao Chang
name: Fuu-Jen Tsai
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Space Science
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Hematology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 9: Table S4. Non-synonymous single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). (DOCX 14 kb)
title: When Does the Introduction of a New Currency Improve Welfare?
title: MAGKS - Joint Discussion Paper Series in Economics
Creators: name: Fuchs, Max
name: Michaelis, Jochen
Publisher: name: Philipps-Universität Marburg
Year: 2021
Subjects: Economics
Wirtschaft
digital money
dual currency regime
welfare comparison

description: In recent years, cryptocurrencies such as Bitcoin have emerged, in upcoming
years, corporate currencies such as Libra (Diem) and central bank digital currencies will emerge even in low-inflation developed economies. Using the dual currency search model of Kiyotaki and Wright (1993), we show how the introduction of a supplement to traditional money affects average utility. The room for a welfare improvement depends on differences in returns and costs, but, in particular, on the fraction of cash traders who will be replaced by digital money traders.
Pure Natural Quintessential Inflation and Dark Energy
Creators: name: J, Selvaganapathy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose the pure natural quintessential inflation model which is motivated by Witten's conjecture, where the axion couples to pure Yang-Mills $SU(N)$ gauge field at large N limit. This modifies the standard cosine potential which is presented in the natural inflation, making it compatible with current CMB data. Our model gives a successful inflation as well as acceleration at the late times by quintessence inflaton field($ϕ$). Here the inflaton field is responsible for inflation, after that the field enters into peculiar type of reheating and then they act as dynamical dark energy field which follows the same inflation potential and same model parameters. The dynamical field slowly rolls until the Hubble drops to mass of the quintessence field and it reaches the current dark energy field value. Here the dark energy scale is field dependent. Our quintessence model follows thawing frozen approach therefore the frozen quintessence field evolves with respect to cosmic time from initial field value($ϕ_{i}$) to present non-zero minimum field value($ϕ_{0}$). The obtained field value turned into ultra-light and it satisfies the present dark energy density which is $V(ϕ_{0}) \approx Λ_{\text{DE}}^{4} = (2.3 \times 10^{-3}\text{eV})^{4}$.
description: Title has changed and appendix included. This manuscript accepted in IJMPA
Script de Processamento de dados de processos judiciais trabalhistas
Creators: name: Institute of Applied Economic Research
name: dos Anjos, Jefferson Silva
name: Castro, Alexandre samy
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: Projeto atualizado desenvolvido para ler um LAKE de dados, extrair essas informações e guardar em csv para serem tratados e armazenados em um banco relacional.
Individual Giving: Theoretical Discussions and the Evidence from Serbia and Canada Ethical Issues, Contextual and Individual Factors of Giving Time and Money to Organisations and People
Creators: name: Radovanovic, Bojana
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2019
Subjects: Individual giving
Philanthropy
Volunteering
Informal helping
Altruism
Serbia
Canada

description: This thesis focuses on individual giving, defined as voluntarily dedicating one’s non-material and/or material resources for the benefit of others or the common good. My research seeks to examine whether we are morally obliged to give, and it also strives to explain the factors that influence individuals to give. In searching for answers to the first question, I have discussed normative theories in ethics. All analysed normative theories maintain that we are morally obliged to help others, but they differ in respect to who these “others” are and for what reasons we should help. My research furthermore investigates contextual and individual factors that shape giving. Whether and how one engages in giving depends on her awareness of the need for help, then on her motivation as well as the personal and social resources she has a command of, as well as on an institutional environment, in terms of welfare systems, governmental support to the non-profit sector and the characteristics of the non-profit sector. Finally, my research provides evidence on volunteering for organisations, participating in the activities of informal groups, helping people directly and donating money to organisations and individuals in Serbia and Canada. This is the first such type of encompassing research on individual giving conducted in Serbia. Placed in a comparative perspective, it provides valuable insights. The rates of all types of individual giving that are analysed in both countries are higher in Canada than in Serbia, while differences in giving to organisations are particularly prominent. Most volunteers and donors in both countries give their time and money to similar causes, related to health, social services, education, religion and recreation. Both in Serbia and in Canada, most volunteers reported making contributions to the community as the reason they dedicate their time, while, reportedly, most donors give because they feel compassion towards people in need. In general, respondents who have a command over greater levels of personal resources are more likely to give both time and money than those with lower levels. However, not all resources are predictors of all forms of giving in each country. My research confirms that in order to gain an encompassing picture of individual giving in a country, as well as meaningful international comparisons, country-specific forms of giving must be considered.
description: The Cambridge Commonwealth, European & International Trust
Determinants of Consumer Attitudes and Purchasing Behaviors on Genetically Modified Foods in Taiwan
Creators: name: Yang, Tongyang
name: Ames, Glenn C.W.
name: Berning, Joshua
name: Yang, Tongyang
name: Ames, Glenn C.W.
name: Berning, Joshua
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: Genetically Modified foods
subject: Taiwanese consumers
subject: willingness to pay.

description: Consumers have been concerned about the introduction of genetically modified (GM) foods into Taiwan. This study examines the public’s attitude toward GM foods in Taiwan using data obtained in a nationwide telephone interview in January 2004. Logit regression was used to measure the relative importance of consumers’ socio-demographic characteristics, personal beliefs, and awareness of genetically modified foods which may impact their purchasing behavior, as well as consumers’ willingness to pay a premium for non-GM foods. Results show that the perceived risk of GM foods and technology, previous knowledge about genetic engineering, and higher education levels were significant determinants of consumers’ willingness to purchase non-GM foods versus GM foods. Moreover, on average, Taiwanese consumers were willing to spend 19% more to avoid purchasing GM foods.
Novel approaches towards pharmacological enhancement of motivation
Creators: name: Hailwood, Jonathan Michael
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2019
Subjects: Muscarinic
Motivation
Translational
Touch Screen
Apathy

description: This work explores novel approaches towards pharmacological enhancement of motivated behaviour. A loss of motivation remains a severe unmet clinical need in a number of neuropsychiatric and neurodegenerative disorders. The work described in this thesis, can be divided into two sections. Initially, a series of experiments were conducted that aimed to increase the likelihood of cross-species translation of motivation research. This was achieved by firstly optimising and validating a battery of tasks to assess effort-related behaviour, a preclinical measure of motivation, in rats for use within an operant touchscreen platform. This will allow tasks to be performed with high face validity, across species. Secondly, we applied a highly translatable functional imaging measure, in vivo oxygen amperometry, to explore whether a neural correlate of motivated behaviour could be detected in rats. The second section describes the identification and exploration of a novel pharmacological target for treating apathy. By using a progressive ratio (PR) schedule of reinforcement, muscarinic acetylcholine receptor antagonists were found to facilitate motivated behaviour in intact mice. Furthermore, through the application of several compounds, these actions appeared to be driven by the M1 receptor subtype. Subsequently, nonpathological aging was examined as a potential model of impaired motivation, based upon previous reports. However, the deficit was found not to be reliable. Therefore, the effects of the muscarinic acetylcholine receptor antagonist biperiden was tested following administration of the dopamine receptor antagonist haloperidol, a well-validated model of impaired motivation. Biperiden was able to successfully, reverse the effects of haloperidol on effort-based behaviour. This suggests that the drug biperiden may be a therapeutic option in the treatment of apathy.
description: Medical Research Council funded CASE studentship
title: On the Relevance of Values, Norms, and Economic Preferences for Electricity Consumption
title: MAGKS - Joint Discussion Paper Series in Economics
Creators: name: Groh, Elke D.
name: Ziegler, Andreas
Publisher: name: Philipps-Universität Marburg
Year: 2021
Subjects: norms
Electricity consumption
econometric analy-sis
values
economic preferences
Economics
Wirtschaft

description: Based on data of more than 3700 citizens in Germany, this paper empirically examines the relevance of several groups of explanatory factors for electricity consumption. Besides con-trolling for individual housing and dwelling characteristics as well as socio-demographics, we analyze the effect of environmentally-related values and norms. Since behavioral economics reveals the importance of economic preferences for many individual activities, we additional-ly consider time and risk preferences, altruism, trust, and reciprocity in our econometric anal-ysis. With respect to the latter factors, only patience has a significantly negative effect on electricity consumption. Our estimation results instead suggest a high relevance of individual housing and dwelling characteristics and socio-demographics. The most interesting result is probably that neither environmentally-related values such as ecological policy identification and environmental awareness nor environmentally-related social norms have a significant effect. In contrast to the USA and to the demand for green electricity in Germany, these esti-mation results suggest that citizens in Germany with strong environmental identity do not consider low electricity consumption as an important direction for environmental and climate protection.
Implementation of exercise reminders to improve symptoms of clinical depression
Creators: name: Omidire, Femi
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2024

description: Purpose of the Project : The purpose of this project was to examine the impact of exercise regimens in improving the symptoms of clinical depression through a reminder app. Methodology : The Doctor of Nursing Practice (DNP) evidence-based project utilized a pre- and post-design to evaluate the use of the To-Do Reminder application for decreasing depression symptoms. The Patient Health Questionnaire mood scale (PHQ-9) was administered to the project participants to measure their depression scores before and after implementing a moderate exercise regimen through reminders. Purposive sampling, a non-randomized sampling approach, was used to enroll qualified participants. Forty interested participants diagnosed with clinical depression were enrolled at the project site, but only thirty-two completed the project. Results : These reminders app demonstrated efficacy in assisting individuals in enhancing their physical activity levels. Consistent engagement in physical exercise proved to have a positive impact on mental wellbeing, including the reduction of depressive symptoms. Implications for Practice : Healthcare practitioners can suggest or prescribe exercise reminder apps to their patients as part of a comprehensive intervention strategy. Additionally, policymakers in the healthcare sector should actively support the integration of technology-driven interventions, such as exercise reminder apps, in treating mental health disorders. Lastly, depression has significant economic ramifications due to its impact on productivity, overall well-being, and healthcare expenditure.
Transport of a self-propelled tracer through a hairy cylindrical channel: interplay of stickiness and activity
Creators: name: Sahoo, Rajiblochan
name: Theeyancheri, Ligesh
name: Chakrabarti, Rajarshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Active transport of biomolecules assisted by motor proteins is imperative for the proper functioning of cellular activities. Inspired by the diffusion of active agents in crowded cellular channels, we computationally investigate the transport of an active tracer through a polymer grafted cylindrical channel by varying the activity of the tracer and stickiness of the tracer to the polymers. Our results reveal that the passive tracer exhibits profound subdiffusion with increasing stickiness by exploring deep into the grafted polymeric zone, while purely repulsive one prefers to diffuse through the pore-like space created along the cylindrical axis of the channel. In contrast, the active tracer shows faster dynamics and intermediate superdiffusion even though the tracer preferentially stays close to the dense polymeric region. This observation is further supported by the sharp peaks in the density profile of the probability of radial displacement of the tracer. We discover that the activity plays an important role in deciding the pathway that the tracer takes through the narrow channel. Interestingly, increasing the activity washes out the effect of stickiness. Adding to this, van-Hove functions manifest that the active tracer dynamics deviates from Gaussianity, and the degree of deviation grows with the activity. Our work has direct implications on how effective transportation and delivery of cargo can be achieved through a confined medium where activity, interactions, and crowding are interplaying. Looking ahead, these factors will be crucial for understanding the mechanism of artificial self-powered machines navigating through the cellular channels and performing in vivo challenging tasks.
description: to appear in Soft Matter
Quantum Zeno-like effect due to competing decoherence mechanisms
Creators: name: Mancini, Stefano
name: Bonifacio, Rodolfo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a selfconsistent quantum mechanical approach to study the dynamics of a two-level system subject to random time evolution. This randomness gives rise to competing effects between dissipative and non-dissipative decoherence with a consequent slow down of the atomic decay rate.
description: 4 pages, ReVTeX file, 2 eps figures, to appear in Phys. Rev. A