cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Bird Behaviors within the Prairie Pothole Region
Creators: name: Lab, Earth
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: Ecology not elsewhere classified
Environmental assessment and monitoring
Landscape ecology

description: This project, "Bird Behaviors within the Prairie Pothole Region", was completed in 2022 by United Tribes Technical College Students who participated in our HDR Earth Data Science Corps (EDSC) summer internship, which focuses on teaching technical data science skills to diverse student populations.
Wörterbuch der Feministischen Theologie, hrsg. von Elisabeth Gössmann, Elisabeth Moltmann-Wendel, Herlinde Pissarek-Hudelist, Ina Praetorius
Publisher: name: Herder Korrespondenz
Year: 1970

description: Herder Korrespondenz, Bd. 46 Nr. 11 (1992): Herder Korrespondenz, Band 46, Heft 11
NMR Evidence of anisotropic Kondo liquid behavior in CeIrIn$_5$
Creators: name: Shockley, A. C.
name: Shirer, K. R.
name: Crocker, J.
name: Dioguardi, A. P.
name: Lin, C. H.
name: Nisson, D. M.
name: Roberts-Warren, N.
name: Curro, N. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report detailed Knight shift measurements of the two indium sites in the heavy fermion compound CeIrIn$_5$ as a function of temperature and field orientation. We find that the Knight shift anomaly is orientation-dependent, with a crossover temperature $T^*$ that varies by 50% as the field is rotated from (001) to (100). This result suggests that the hybridization between the Ce 4f states and the itinerant conduction electrons is anisotropic, a result that reflects its collective origin, and may lead to anisotropic Kondo liquid behavior and unconventional superconductivity.
description: 7 pages, 7 figures
Investigation of Two Preliminary Analysis-Altering Elements: Ordinate Scaling and DPPXYR
Creators: name: Peltier, Corey
name: McKenna, John
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Applied Behavior Analysis
subject: School Psychology
subject: Education
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Special Education and Teaching
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: Educational Assessment, Evaluation, and Research
subject: applied behavior analysis
subject: DPPXYR
subject: graph construction
subject: ordinate scaling
subject: school psychology
subject: single-case research design
subject: special education
subject: visual analysis

description: The aim of this project is to extend previous research (i.e., Dart & Radley, 2017; Radley et al., 2018) on two potential analysis-altering components of graph construct: (a) ordinate scaling and (b) data points per x- to y-axis ratio (DPPXYR). We will investigate whether the manipulation of the ordinate scale or DPPXYR impacts visual analysts’ decisions regarding a functional relation and the magnitude of the effect.
Majandusküberneetika õpetamisest Tartu Ülikoolis. On Teaching Economic Cybernetics at the University of Tartu
Creators: name: Paas, Tiiu
Publisher: name: Tartu Ülikooli ajaloo küsimusi
Year: 2015

description: The curriculum of economic cybernetics was one of a kind in Estonia. This interestingly called curriculum was opened at the Tartu State University (TSU) in 1967, and 25 young students of economic cybernetics were admitted. Before that some earlier scholars had also completed a similar curriculum in TSU on the basis of a special programme. Students who had completed the curriculum received a diploma that listed economist-cyberneticist as their specialty (in case of some graduating classes also economist-mathematician). During 1972–1996, 25 regular classes of economic cyberneticists graduated from the university, and there are altogether 462 alumni of economic cybernetics. The structure of the TSU’s curriculum of economic cybernetics proceeded from pan-Soviet standards and obligatory subjects that had to be included in a curriculum. Yet, there was a small leeway in building a curriculum. Lecturers also had quite a lot of freedom in presenting the content of specific subjects, especially in the case of subjects that united knowledge about mathematics and economics, as well as offered opportunities to use mathematical methods and contemporary computing technology for analysing and planning economic processes. It took students five years to complete the economic cybernetics curriculum. Study practice and doing empirical research projects with an applied output played an important part throughout the studies. Students were expected to be very independent, creative and to make a large individual contribution in doing their research work. The teaching primarily relied on the learning-by-doing principle. As a conclusion it can be said that the curriculum of economic cybernetics allowed the Soviet-time graduates from the Faculty of Economics to get an economic education that was largely independent of the ideology of the socialist economic system and based on a good knowledge of mathematics. The economic education that the graduates received allowed them to cope well on the labour market and in quickly changing circumstances, even when people had to adapt to the requirements of market economy, and when large rearrangements needed to be made also in the field of economic science and the respective education. In connection to the extensive rearrangements in economic education and curricula that started in the 1990s, economic cybernetics smoothly transitioned into the specialty of economic modelling, and the process ended with the opening of Quantitative Economics—a new international English-language curriculum—in the Autumn of 2014.
description: Tartu Ülikooli ajaloo küsimusi, No 43 (2015): Ühiskonda muutvad teadused rahvusülikoolis
The Distribution of Permutation Matrix Entries Under Randomized Basis
Creators: name: Tsou, Benjamin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We study the distribution of entries of a random permutation matrix under a "randomized basis," i.e., we conjugate the random permutation matrix by an independent random orthogonal matrix drawn from Haar measure. It is shown that under certain conditions, the linear combination of entries of a random permutation matrix under a "randomized basis" converges to a sum of independent variables $sY + Z$ where $Y$ is Poisson distributed, $Z$ is normally distributed, and $s$ is a constant.
description: 14 pages; minor errors corrected and improved exposition
Code for "Multi-frequency steady-state visual evoked potential dataset in the augmented reality environment using a portable stimulation device"
Creators: name: Han, Yuheng
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 400309
subject: Neural engineering

description: MATLAB code for "Multi-frequency steady-state visual evoked potential dataset in the augmented reality environment using a portable stimulation device"
The Two-Pronged Middle Class: The Old Bourgeoisie, New State-Engineered Middle Class, and Democratic Development
Creators: name: Lankina, Tomila V.
name: Libman, Alexander
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: middle classes
subject: democratic role
subject: democratic development
subject: 300 Sozialwissenschaften::320 Politikwissenschaft::320 Politikwissenschaft

description: We contribute to research on the democratic role of middle classes. Our paper distinguishes between middle classes emerging autonomously during gradual capitalist development and those fabricated rapidly as part of state-led modernization. To make the case for a conceptual distinction between these groups within one national setting, we employ author-assembled historical district data, survey, and archival materials for pre-Revolutionary Russia and its feudal estates. Our analysis reveals that the bourgeois estate of meshchane covaries with post-communist democratic competitiveness and media freedoms, our proxies of regional democratic variations. We propose two causal pathways explaining the puzzling persistence of social structure despite the Bolsheviks’ leveling ideology and post-communist autocratic consolidation: (a) processes at the juncture of familial channels of human capital transmission and the revolutionaries’ modernization drive and (b) entrepreneurial value transmission outside of state policy. Our findings help refine recent work on political regime orientations of public-sector-dependent societies subjected to authoritarian modernization.
The Exposition of St. Petersburg Zoological museum in the years of the Soviet regime
Creators: name: Slepkova, Nadezhda
Publisher: name: Tartu Ülikooli ajaloo küsimusi
Year: 2012

description: Peterburi zooloogiamuuseumi ekspositsioon nõukogude võimu aastail Nadežda Slepkova, Venemaa TA zooloogia instituut Väljapanek, mida sai TA zooloogiamuuseumis vaadata nõukogude võimu esimestel aastatel, oli koostatud 1901. aastal. Muutused hakkasid toimuma pärast teaduste akadeemia reformi 1920. aastate lõpul. Aastail 1931–1933 kontrollisid muuseumi kaks Leningradi töörahva saadikute nõukogu (Lensovet) komisjoni. Muuseumist pidi saama vahend võitluses materialistliku maailmavaate juurutamise eest. Kinnitati muuseumi reorganiseerimise viie aasta plaan (1932–1937), mille järgi tuli luua darvinismi tutvustav ekspositsioon, kuid oma koht oli ette nähtud ka geneetika saavutustele. 1948. aastal, pärast kurikuulsat üleliidulise põllumajandusteaduste akadeemia augustisessiooni, kus kilbile tõsteti T. Lõssenko ja I. Mitšurin, sai TA zooloogia instituut direktiivi, mille järgi tuli ekspositsioonist välja heita kogu materjal mitšuurinluse vastaste kohta. Muuseumi esimeses saalis rajati osakond, mis oli pühendatud „Mitšurini õpetuse alustele”. Karl Ernst v. Baeri mälestussammas, mille oli muuseumile kinkinud Kuramaa rüütelkond, saadeti „Põhja-pagendusse” – muuseumi kõrvalisemasse ossa, kus oli polaarloomade ekspositsioon. Tema kohale peaukse kõrvale asetati Stalini ausammas. Pealesunnitud mitšuurinliku bioloogia väljapanek võeti maha pärast 1964. aastat. 1969. aastal koostas S. J. Tsalolihhin esimese saali tarbeks uue ekspositsiooniplaani, mis taas kajastas ka geneetika saavutusi. Zooloogiamuuseum tunnetas täiel määral võimu mõju ja oli üks kanal, mille kaudu võim püüdis rahvast mõjutada. Muuseum õnnestus täielikult rakendada sotsialistliku ja kommunistliku propaganda teenistusse.
description: Tartu Ülikooli ajaloo küsimusi, Vol 38 (2010): Nõukogude teadus - sisult sotsialistlik, vormilt rahvuslik?
Generation of heralded single photons beyond 1100 nm by spontaneous four-wave mixing in a side-stressed femtosecond laser-written waveguide
Creators: name: Yan, Zhizhong
name: Duan, Yuwen
name: Helt, L. G.
name: Ams, Martin
name: Withford, Michael J.
name: Steel, M. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate a monolithically integrable heralded photon source in a femtosecond laser direct written glass waveguide. The generation of photon pairs with a wide wavelength separation requires a concomitant large birefringence in the normal dispersion regime. Here, by incorporation of side-stress tracks, we produce a waveguide with a birefringence of $1.64\times~10^{-4}$ and propagation loss as low as 0.21 dB/cm near 980~nm. We measure photon pairs with 300~nm wavelength separation at an internal generation rate exceeding $5.05\times10^6$/s. The second order correlations indicate that the generated photon pairs are in a strongly non-classical regime.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures
Push button reproduction attempt of a research claim from Torelli et al. (2010)
Creators: name: Somo, Angela
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences

description: We selected the claim that horizontal collectivist cultural context (HC) is associated with a socialized power concept (Statement 2). This reflects the following statement from the paper's abstract: "Cultural variables are shown to predict beliefs about appropriate uses of power, episodic memories about power, attitudes in the service of power goals, and the contexts and ways in which power is used and defended" (Statement 1). The claim is tested by estimating a compositional multilevel model (for the situation recalling experiences in which one helped others), in which participants (Level 1) are nested within the three different cultural groups (Level 2). Vividness of recall associated with an exercise of socialized power was the dependent variable and the participant's cultural orientation (HC) was the focal predictor (decomposed into a within-level and a between-level component by using the cultural group means, HCj, as predictors in the Level 2 intercept equations). The other cultural orientation scores (VI, HI, and VC) as well as participants’ age were also included as additional predictors in the Level 1 equation. (Statement 3), which resulted in the slope coefficient involving socialized-power recall and HC scores was positive and significant, suggesting as expected that an HC orientation predicts more vivid recall of experiences in which one helped others (gamma = 0.48, p < 0.05) (Statement 4).
How Do Populist Radical Right Parties Differentiate their Appeal? Evidence from the Media Strategy of the Hungarian Jobbik Party
Creators: name: Borbáth, Endre
name: Gessler, Theresa
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: populist radical right
subject: media
subject: Jobbik
subject: nativism
subject: populism
subject: CEE
subject: 300 Sozialwissenschaften::320 Politikwissenschaft::320 Politikwissenschaft

description: As they become more successful, populist radical right parties face a tension between keeping their nativist credentials and moderating their appeal to gain new voters. We argue that differentiating party messages to core supporters and the wider electorate allows parties to pursue both goals. We outline and empirically illustrate the previously underexplored phenomenon of selective messaging based on the communication strategy of the Hungarian Jobbik party throughout its lifespan (2006–19) in partisan outlets, press releases and Facebook. Using a dictionary approach, we map the co-evolution of populist and nativist mobilization under conditions of supply- and demand-side changes. Our results show the decline and transformation of Jobbik's nativist appeal, and an increasing reliance on populism. The trend is not uniform; Jobbik relies on nativism as a function of targeting party identifiers or the general electorate in specific media outlets. Our findings show the importance of mapping parties’ programmatic appeal across platforms and over time.
Evaluation of different acute-phase proteins for herd health diagnostics in early postpartum Holstein Friesian dairy cows
Creators: name: Schmitt, Ruth
name: Pieper, Laura
name: Gonzalez-Grajales, L. Antonio
name: Swinkels, Jantijn
name: Gelfert, Carl-Christian
name: Staufenbiel, Rudolf
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Acute-phase protein
subject: dairy cow
subject: haptoglobin
subject: inflammation
subject: transition period
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::630 Landwirtschaft::630 Landwirtschaft und verwandte Bereiche

description: This research communication describes (1) the comparison of acute-phase protein (APP) concentrations in transition dairy cows on different farms using both pooled and individual blood samples, and (2) the association among different APP and clinical health parameters. The first hypothesis was that early postpartum dairy cows from different farms differ in the level of inflammation, which might be determined using APP assays in both pooled and individual blood samples. The second hypothesis was that the APP haptoglobin (Hp) might be the most sensitive parameter to detect cows at risk of excessive postpartum inflammation concomitant with systemic disease. Serum concentrations of Hp, serum amyloid-A (SAA), total protein (TP), albumin (Alb), coeruloplasmin (Cp) and C-reactive protein (CRP) in 100 fresh lactating cows (within 0–8 d postpartum) from 10 farms were compared and associated to clinical health parameters (rectal body temperature, vaginal discharge (Metricheck™ score), rumen fill, vulvovaginal laceration) using both pooled and individual blood samples. Mean serum concentrations of Hp, SAA and TP revealed significant differences among farms. Pooled serum samples of farms showed high correlations with the mean of individual samples. Only Hp was significantly positively correlated to both body temperature and Metricheck™ score. In conclusion, Hp differentiates dairy farms regarding the inflammatory state of transition cows using individual and pooled serum samples within the first week postpartum. It also mirrors the individual degree of inflammation, thus proving to be a diagnostic parameter of high interest during the periparturient period.
Differences in patterns of motor variability in chronic low back pain compared to healthy individuals during functional tasks: A systematic scoping review
Creators: name: Dijk, Lars
name: Lamoth, C.J.C.
name: Reneman, M.F.
name: Leving, M.T.
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Kinesiology
subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: Life Sciences
subject: Motor Control
subject: Rehabilitation and Therapy

description: The purpose of this scoping review was (1) to investigate how patterns of motor variability differ between patients with CLBP and pain-free healthy individuals, and inter-individually among the CLBP population, during functional tasks, and (2) to evaluate the relationship between pain and motor variability across time in patients with CLBP.
Reproduction of a research claim from Linkenauger et al. (2009), from Psychological Science
Creators: name: Brady, Timothy
name: Williams, Jamal
name: Miske, Olivia
name: Kline Struhl, Melissa
name: Loomas, Zachary
name: Fox, Nicholas
name: Tyner, Andrew
name: Luis, Brianna
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: The purpose of this reproduction attempt is to assess whether we can reproduce the analytic result as it was reported in the original paper by using the original data. The original data will be analyzed by following the same analytic approach described in the original paper (as close to the same analytic approach as possible based on the level of detail available in the original paper, as well as any supplementary materials or additional information provided by the original author). All SCORE projects target a single inferential statistical test that supports a statement from the abstract of the original paper. The research claim and focal analysis for this paper are provided below. Research claim: We selected the Experiment 1 claim that right-handed people perceive their left and right arms to be different lengths, but in contrast, because left-handed people have nearly equal-sized cortical representations for their left and right arms, they perceive the lengths of their right and left arms as similar. This is based on the following sentence from the paper’s abstract: “When looking at each arm and hand individually, right-handed participants perceived their right arms and right hands to be longer than their left arms and left hands, whereas left-handed participants perceived both arms accurately.” The claim is tested by converting participants’ arm-length estimates to a ratio between perceived arm length and actual arm length, and conducting a repeated measures ANOVA with arm specified as a within-participants factor, and right- and left-handedness as a between-subjects factor. This yielded a significant interaction between arm measured and participant handedness, F(1, 28) = 4.74, p_rep = .90, partial eta squared = .15. Focal inferential test: A significant interaction between arm measured and participant handedness, F(1, 28) = 4.74, p_rep = .90, partial eta squared = .15. ----------- For clarity, the last few sentences of the claim paragraph can be restated as: The claim is tested by converting participants’ arm-length estimates to a ratio between perceived arm length and actual arm length, and conducting a repeated measures ANOVA with this ratio as the dependent measure, which arm (left vs. right) specified as a within-participants factor, and right- and left-handedness as a between-subjects factor. This yielded a significant interaction between arm measured and participant handedness, F(1, 28) = 4.74, p_rep = .90, partial eta squared = .15.
Ateism kui nõukogude teadus
Creators: name: Remmel, Atko
Publisher: name: Tartu Ülikooli ajaloo küsimusi
Year: 2012

description: Atheism as a Soviet Science Atko Remmel, UT Faculty of Theology The following questions will be addressesd in the talk: To which extent were Soviet anti-religion practices scientifically grounded? To which extent can one speak about atheism as a scientific discipline? Is it justifiable to regard Soviet science as „atheist“? On the one hand, atheism was a conceptual component of the prevailing ideology, but on the other hand it was a practical device used for enforcing this ideology. The main basis for regarding it as scientific was the dogmatic position that Marxism-Leninism was a scientific theory. Soviet science was therefore automatically considered atheist and atheism scientific, regardless of the scientific methods – or lack thereof – which were used for gathering data. When speaking of the scientific character of scientific atheism, it should be approached as a synthetic discipline which drew together the results of other disciplines with the aim of criticizing religion, its main conclusion being that religion was incompatible with Marxist ideology and natural sciences. However, when science is exploited for ideological reasons, it is inevitably biased and lacks some of the main attributes of scientific quality, despite its scientific mimicry. Moreover, since the contributions of atheists to the findings of natural sciences were mainly of ideological nature, the discipline attained an apologetic role and it can be considered a quasi-scientific rather than a scientific discipline. In Estonia the community of scientific atheists consisted barely of a handful of people who were mostly occupied at different establishments for higher education. „Estonian scientific atheism“ can be distinguished from Soviet scientific atheism only so far as their writings dealt with the local situation. The main fields of study were the history of religion and sociology; on the practical side the main focus was on the new Soviet rituals.
description: Tartu Ülikooli ajaloo küsimusi, Vol 38 (2010): Nõukogude teadus - sisult sotsialistlik, vormilt rahvuslik?
SETTING REALISTIC HEALTH GOALS: ANTECEDENTS AND CONSEQUENCES
Creators: name: Avishai, Aya
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2019

description: People often fail to translate their intentions into health behaviors. The present research examined a new potential moderator of intention-behavior relations, namely, how realistic or unrealistic are respective goal intentions. Goal realism was defined as the degree to which intentions are aligned with expectations (i.e., predicted performance). A validation study (N = 81) examined our novel goal realism measure. Study 1 (N = 246) tested goal importance, fantasy proneness, and pathways thinking as predictors of realistic goal setting using a cross-sectional questionnaire design. Moderation of the intention-behavior relation was tested in prospective surveys of cervical cancer screening (Study 2, N = 854), physical activity (Study 3, N = 237), and performance of a suite of 15 health behaviors (Study 4, N = 378). The validation study offered preliminary evidence concerning the convergent and predictive validity of the goal realism measure. Study 1 showed that goal importance, fantasy proneness, and pathways thinking interacted to predict how realistic were intentions to perform 11 health behaviors. In Study 2, realistic intentions better predicted women’s attendance for cervical cancer screening compared to unrealistic intentions. Study 3 confirmed this finding for a frequently performed behavior (physical activity). In Study 4, multi-level modeling of longitudinal data for 15 health behaviors again revealed a significant goal realism × intention interaction. Greater realism was associated with improved prediction of behavior by intention. The interaction term remained significant even when past behavior, perceived behavioral control, and other predictors were taken into account. The present findings offer new insights into the factors that lead to more realistic intentions, and demonstrate that goal realism influences how effectively intentions are translated into action.
Geograafia ja välitööd Nõukogude piiritsoonis
Creators: name: Peil, Tiina
Publisher: name: Tartu Ülikooli ajaloo küsimusi
Year: 2012

description: Geography and field work in the Soviet borderline zone Tiina Peil, University of Tallinn In this paper I examine the range of spatial, material and corporeal practices constructive of (geographical) fieldwork in a Soviet frame where ‘it was secret what was secret’. Estonia, annexed by the Soviet Union in 1945, formed its north-western border to Northern Europe and thus movement in the coastal areas and at sea came under strict control and subject to permitting. Nevertheless, some Estonian scientists continued to pursue field studies. An analysis of what their work entailed in between the 1950s and 1980s with special attention on surveying and the role of maps (which in official view were considered to be extremely powerful and dangerous devices) is attempted based on in-depth interviews and field diaries. The period was by no means uniform and the subtle changes in the system’s performance provide insights into its functioning. This with its physical manifestations of checkpoints and military installations and encounters with the Soviet armed forces, as well as mental manipulation of people forms my primary focus. However, the ethics and politics of fieldwork and publishing, as well as the ambiguous identity of the field scientist are highlighted in these extreme conditions where geography – often defined as a discipline of critical observation – was exercised under constant observation. In reflection, Soviet geography had to do without two of the discipline’s key components: it could not openly discuss issues around human—environment relationships as people were banished from the landscapes, and not use maps, either as a source or for presenting the findings.
description: Tartu Ülikooli ajaloo küsimusi, Vol 38 (2010): Nõukogude teadus - sisult sotsialistlik, vormilt rahvuslik?
Free infinite divisibility for powers of random variables
Creators: name: Hasebe, Takahiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 46L54, 60E07

description: We prove that $X^r$ follows an FID distribution if: (1) $X$ follows a free Poisson distribution without an atom at 0 and $r\in(-\infty,0]\cup[1,\infty)$; (2) $X$ follows a free Poisson distribution with an atom at 0 and $r\geq1$; (3) $X$ follows a mixture of some HCM distributions and $|r|\geq1$; (4) $X$ follows some beta distributions and $r$ is taken from some interval. In particular, if $S$ is a standard semicircular element then $|S|^r$ is freely infinitely divisible for $r\in(-\infty,0]\cup[2,\infty)$. Also we consider the symmetrization of the above probability measures, and in particular show that $|S|^r \,\text{sign}(S)$ is freely infinitely divisible for $r\geq2$. Therefore $S^n$ is freely infinitely divisible for every $n\in\mathbb N$. The results on free Poisson and semicircular random variables have a good correspondence with classical ID properties of powers of gamma and normal random variables.
description: 24 pages, 24 figures. The statement of Theorem 3.5 is modified (weakened) because an error was found in the proof of a part of Theorem 3.5 in the published version
Self-Organization and Heating by Inward Diffusion in Magnetospheric Plasmas
Creators: name: Sato, N.
name: Yoshida, Z.
name: Kawazura, Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Through the process of inward diffusion, a strongly localized clump of plasma is created in a magnetosphere. The creation of the density gradient, instead of the usual flattening by a diffusion process, can be explained by the topological constraints given by the adiabatic invariants of magnetized particles. After developing a canonical formalism for the standard guiding center dynamics in a dipole magnetic field, we complete our attempt to build a statistical mechanics on a constrained phase space by discussing the construction principles of the associated diffusion operator. We then investigate the heating mechanism associated with inward diffusion: as particles move toward regions of higher magnetic field, they experience preferential heating of the perpendicular (with respect to the magnetic field) temperature in order to preserve the magnetic moment. A relationship between conservation of bounce action and temperature isotropy emerged. We further show that this behavior is scaled by the diffusion parameter of the Fokker-Planck equation. These results are confirmed by numerical simulations.
description: 6 pages, 2 figures
Üliõpilaste TEadusliku Ühingu osa üliõpilasteaduse organiseerimisel Tartu Riiklikus Ülikoolis 1948-88
Creators: name: Hinrikus, Toivo
name: Raal, Ain
Publisher: name: Tartu Ülikooli ajaloo küsimusi
Year: 2012

description: The role of the Students’ Research Society in organising students’ research Toivo Hinrikus, Ain Raal UT Institute of Pharmacy The Students’ research Society was established at Tartu University in 1948. Students’ research in pharmacy started already in the period of Czarist Russia when in 1807 the research of Jakob Ludvig Kagel’s on the composition of coal was awarded with the gold medal. Since that time, under the supervision of lectures, the students made a big number of scientific presentations and written papers for the research contests, many of which were awarded with prizes at the university, Estonian and the all-Soviet Union respective contests. In the present overview the development of students’ research at the university in the Soviet period is discussed. The development of the Students’ Research Society (SRS), the organisation’s structure, the regulations for work, the requirements for the conference and contest papers, the conferences in the pharmacy circle under the auspices of the Students’ Research Society are presented. The activities of the SRS died down in connection with the great changes in society and also at the university when Estonia became independent. All the teaching staff then and in the period immediately after that had been the members of this society. After the period of student research serious research and the active supervision of the students’ papers followed. Consequently, to counterbalance, some Soviet traditions deserving criticism the positive role of the SRS in developing young teaching and research staff should be underlined.
description: Tartu Ülikooli ajaloo küsimusi, Vol 38 (2010): Nõukogude teadus - sisult sotsialistlik, vormilt rahvuslik?
Phenomenological assessment of psychedelics induced experiences: Translation and validation of the German Challenging Experience Questionnaire (CEQ) and Ego-Dissolution Inventory (EDI)
Creators: name: Dworatzyk, Katharina
name: Jansen, Tallulah
name: Schmidt, Timo Torsten
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cocaine
subject: Psychometrics
subject: Alcohols
subject: 100 Philosophie und Psychologie::150 Psychologie::150 Psychologie

description: Several measures have been designed to assess subjective experiences induced by psychedelic substances or other mind-altering drugs as well as non-pharmacological methods. Recently, two self-report questionnaires have been introduced to measure acute adverse effects following psilocybin ingestion and the phenomenon of ego-dissolution associated with the use of psychedelics, respectively. The 26-item Challenging Experience Questionnaire assesses multiple facets of psilocybin induced experiences on seven subscales, whereas the 8-item Ego-Dissolution Inventory consists of a unidimensional scale. In the present study, these questionnaires were translated into German and their psychometric properties then evaluated in an online survey on psychedelics induced experiences. Confirmatory factor analysis suggested an acceptable fit of the 7-factor structure of the German Challenging Experience Questionnaire with overall good internal consistency for all subscales. The factor structure did not differ based on gender or prior struggle with a psychiatric disorder, furthering the evidence of internal validity. Correlations with the State-Trait-Anxiety Inventory and the Altered States of Consciousness Rating Scale demonstrated convergent validity. Confirmatory factor analysis did not support the hypothesized single-factor structure of the German Ego-Dissolution Inventory and exploratory factor analysis suggested an alternative factor structure, where only five items loaded onto a common factor that was interpreted as ego-dissolution. Internal consistency of this 5-item measure was high and correlation with selected items of the Mystical Experience Questionnaire and Altered States of Consciousness Rating Scale supported convergent validity. Translation and validation of these questionnaires contribute to the advancement of common standards in the psychological and neuroscientific study of altered states of consciousness.
Tartu Riikliku Ülikooli esimese nõukogude semestri õppe- ja teadustöö kajastamine ülikooli ametlikus aruandes
Creators: name: Paloveer, Urmet
Publisher: name: Tartu Ülikooli ajaloo küsimusi
Year: 2012

description: Description of the first Soviet semester (1941) in the official instruction and research report of Tartu State University Urmet Paloveer, University of Tartu History Museum After the forceful joining of the Republic of Estonia to the Soviet Union, immediately in the summer of 1940 large scale reorganisation of Tartu University started. The university was renamed Tartu State University. In the present paper, on the basis of the official report of the autumn semester of the university, the author observes how the introduction of Soviet reorganisation in instruction and research took place and which difficulties accompanied the process and to which extent the problems related to teaching new and ideological general subjects were dealt with. It is revealed that the part of the official report reflecting instruction and research was of most general character and not exact especially concerning research. In the field of instruction much attention was devoted to the problems and obstacles: difficulties in the transfer to the system of courses, the later beginning of lectures and earlier finishing than planned, the problem of lecture rooms which was caused by making attending of lectures obligatory. In comparison with other faculties, institutes and chairs most of the space of the report was given to the Chair of Fundamentals of Marxism-Leninism as the main introducer of new ideology. Consequently, it may be stated that the studies of the speciality and the related problems were considered second-ate by the then university administration and the problems of research even third-rate in comparison with the ideological education which was obligatory to everybody. The assessments in the report that students’ opposing attitudes to ideological subjects became mostly positive of even supportive during the semester should be viewed with doubts because in the memoirs of the then students it cannot be seen. As always, the researcher should analyze the Soviet period resources carefully and critically.
description: Tartu Ülikooli ajaloo küsimusi, Vol 38 (2010): Nõukogude teadus - sisult sotsialistlik, vormilt rahvuslik?
Systematic review of clinical practice guidelines detailing cognitive assessment in stroke
Creators: name: McMahon, David
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medical Sciences
subject: Nervous System Diseases
subject: Geriatrics
subject: Diseases
subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: Cardiovascular Diseases
subject: Primary Care
subject: Family Medicine
subject: Medical Specialties
subject: Neurology
subject: clinical guideline
subject: cognitive assessment
subject: stroke

description: Globally stroke is ranked as the second leading cause of death worldwide with an annual mortality rate of 5.5 million. Both delirium and dementia have been reported at higher rates post-stroke internationally. Thus, there remains a risk of cognitive impairment following stroke, as well as the acute impairment as a result of the stroke itself. There is a myriad of tools used to detect impairment and thus no clear agreed way of identifying cognitive problems in patients with stroke. Therefore in an inexact field it is not surprising that a standardized (s) method(es) of assessment for detection of these deficits is not agreed upon, nomenclature differs, and current research and clinical practice are discordant and equivocal. Clinicians look to clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) to provide best practice based upon evidence-based medicine to their patients. However, further to the issues around cognitive assessment themselves there has been concern about the quality of some CPGs prompting the introduction of the appraisal of guidelines for research and evaluation 2nd version tool (AGREE-II) to provide some metric by which to judge the inherent quality of any clinical guideline. Therefore, we reviewed eligible international clinical guidelines pertaining to cognitive assessment in stroke patients, extracted their characteristics and recommendations, and also used the AGREE-II tool to quality appraise them. We analyzed their recommendations and synthesized the results of these and reported them. We were interested to see what the quality of the CPGs was, the evidence used to make their recommendations and what those recommendations where: was there consensus or divergence in the international CPGs.
6d SCFTs, 5d Dualities and Tao Web Diagrams
Creators: name: Hayashi, Hirotaka
name: Kim, Sung-Soo
name: Lee, Kimyeong
name: Yagi, Futoshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose 5d descriptions of 6d ${\cal N}=(1,0)$ superconformal field theories arising from Type IIA brane configurations with an $O8^-$-plane. We T-dualize the brane diagram along a compactification circle and obtain a 5-brane web diagram with two $O7^-$-planes. The gauge theory description of the resulting 5d theory for a given 6d superconformal field theory is not unique, and we argue that the non-uniqueness leads to various dual 5d gauge theories. There are three sources which lead to the 5d dualities. One type comes from either resolving both or one of the two $O7^-$-planes. The two situations give us two different ways to read off a 5d gauge theory from essentially the same web diagram. The second type originates from different distributions of D5 or D7-branes, shifting the gauge group ranks of the 5d quiver theory. The last one comes from the 90 or 45 degree rotations of the 5-brane web diagram, which is a part of the $SL(2,\mathbb{Z})$ duality of Type IIB string theory, leading to completely different group structure. These lead to a very rich class of dualities between 5d gauge theories whose UV completion is the same 6d superconformal field theory. We also explore Higgsing of the 6d theories and their 5d counterparts. Decoupling the same flavors from the dual 5d theories gives rise to another dual 5d theories whose UV completion is the same 5d superconformal field theory. Finally we propose the 6d description of 5d theories which is obtained by a generalization of 5d $T_N$ theories with additional flavors, which turns out not to be in the class of Type IIA brane construction generically.
description: 59 pages; v2: published version
Rektoraadis sula- ja stagnaajal
Creators: name: Salupere, Malle
Publisher: name: Tartu Ülikooli ajaloo küsimusi
Year: 2012

description: Malle Salupere Memoirs about working in rectorat of the University of Tartu in 1960ies and 1970ies.
description: Tartu Ülikooli ajaloo küsimusi, Vol 38 (2010): Nõukogude teadus - sisult sotsialistlik, vormilt rahvuslik?
"Die Koedukation ist als pädagogisches Konzept noch gar nicht verwirklicht"
Creators: name: Knab, Doris
Publisher: name: Herder Korrespondenz
Year: 1970

description: Herder Korrespondenz, Bd. 46 Nr. 11 (1992): Herder Korrespondenz, Band 46, Heft 11
Lühiülevaade professor Carl Schmidti kivimi- ja mineraalikollektsioonist TÜ ajaloo muuseumis
Creators: name: Sisask, Sirje
Publisher: name: Tartu Ülikooli ajaloo küsimusi
Year: 2012

description: Overview of professor Carl Schmidt’s rock collection in the University of Tartu History Museum Sirje Sisask, University of Tartu History Museum Carl Ernst Heinrich Schmidt was born on the 13th of June 1822 in Miitavi (Jelgava in Latvia) to pharmacist parents. After graduating from a local high school, Mr Schmidt continued his studies in Germany until 1845 when he moved to Russia to work. In 1847 (on the 20th of February) Prof. Schmidt officially started working at The University of Tartu (Estonia). His scientific work was extremely diverse. Since the 1860s Prof Schmidt’s research was mainly focusing on analyzing the chemical components of earth/soils, minerals, fertilizers, water and other substances and objects. From that period Prof. Schmidt, Professor of Chemistry at the University of Tartu, also left behind his impressive rock collection which on the 20th of December 1995 was gathered from the Department of Chemistry and deposited in the museum of Tartu University History thanks to the initiative of docent Tullio Ilomets. All together there are 1340 samples of rock in this collection. Out of all the samples in the collection, 89 of them have a year noted on their labels. The most common years on these labels are 1864 (23 times ) and 1855 (16 times). Years mentioned are mainly between 1855 and 1890 and it can therefore be assumed that most samples in the collection were gathered in the second half of the 19th century. Besides the date, the labels sometimes also include the name of the place where the sample was found. Most of the labels follow some kind of label format and are mainly handwritten on a normal piece of paper. As the collection is over 100 years old a lot of samples have also lost their labels or have been mixed up between the samples. Despite that, Prof. Schmidt’s collection is extremely interesting and has a very important scientific value. In 1996, 150 samples in the collection went through a determination of the chemical and mineral composition by a contemporary method of X-ray difractometric identification by Kalju Utsal. Prof. Schmidt used to bring most of his rock samples from his many expeditions overseas. Other scientists and co-operation with them also assisted Prof. Schmidt to have such a high number of rock samples in his collection. It has been proposed that Prof. Schmidt had a close professional relationship with Dr. Krantz from Bonn (Germany). Catalogues and letters sent by Dr. Krantz offer some more exciting information.
description: Tartu Ülikooli ajaloo küsimusi, Vol 38 (2010): Nõukogude teadus - sisult sotsialistlik, vormilt rahvuslik?
On Schrödinger systems with cubic dissipative nonlinearities of derivative type
Creators: name: Li, Chunhua
name: Sunagawa, Hideaki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Consider the initial value problem for systems of cubic derivative nonlinear Schrödinger equations in one space dimension with the masses satisfying a suitable resonance relation. We give structural conditions on the nonlinearity under which the small data solution gains an additional logarithmic decay as $t \to +\infty$ compared with the corresponding free evolution.
description: 26 pages
Associations between Determinants of Parenting and Child Externalizing Behaviors: The Mediating Role of Parenting Behaviors
Creators: name: Kouros, Chrystyna
name: Ekas, Naomi
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Developmental Psychology
subject: Child Psychology
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: Children with ASD often display externalizing behaviors, such as aggression and hyperactivity, that impact their adaptive functioning, decrease parental mental health, and can impair family functioning. Child-, parent-, and family-level factors directly impact the child and are associated with higher levels of externalizing behaviors. Whereas research has proposed possible mechanisms for these relations in neurotypical (NT) children, there is a paucity of research examining possible mechanisms in children with ASD. Belsky (1984) proposed the determinants of parenting process model, which suggests that child-, parent-, and family-level factors affect the quality of parenting. As parenting has been shown to affect the level of child externalizing behaviors in NT children, it is possible that parenting may act to mediate this association in children with ASD. The goal of the current study is to identify child-, parent-, and family-level factors that predict externalizing behaviors in children and adolescents with high-functioning ASD. Further, parenting behaviors will be examined as a mediator in the association between child-, parent-, and family-level factors and child externalizing behaviors. In this study, we consider the following child-level factors as predictors: child age and verbal ability. For parent-level factors, we will test parental mental health and their marital satisfaction. Finally, at the family-level we consider the quality of family relationships.
Evolutionarily conserved properties of CLCA proteins 1, 3 and 4, as revealed by phylogenetic and biochemical studies in avian homologues
Creators: name: Bartenschlager, Florian
name: Klymiuk, Nikolai
name: Weise, Christoph
name: Kuropka, Benno
name: Gruber, Achim D.
name: Mundhenk, Lars
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Protein domains
subject: Transfection
subject: Membrane proteins
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie

description: Species-specific diversities are particular features of mammalian chloride channel regulator, calcium activated (CLCA) genes. In contrast to four complex gene clusters in mammals, only two CLCA genes appear to exist in chickens. CLCA2 is conserved in both, while only the galline CLCA1 (gCLCA1) displays close genetic distance to mammalian clusters 1, 3 and 4. In this study, sequence analyses and biochemical characterizations revealed that gCLCA1 as a putative avian prototype shares common protein domains and processing features with all mammalian CLCA homologues. It has a transmembrane (TM) domain in the carboxy terminal region and its mRNA and protein were detected in the alimentary canal, where the protein was localized in the apical membrane of enterocytes, similar to CLCA4. Both mammals and birds seem to have at least one TM domain containing CLCA protein with complex glycosylation in the apical membrane of enterocytes. However, some characteristic features of mammalian CLCA1 and 3 including entire protein secretion and expression in cell types other than enterocytes seem to be dispensable for chicken. Phylogenetic analyses including twelve bird species revealed that avian CLCA1 and mammalian CLCA3 form clades separate from a major branch containing mammalian CLCA1 and 4. Overall, our data suggest that gCLCA1 and mammalian CLCA clusters 1, 3 and 4 stem from a common ancestor which underwent complex gene diversification in mammals but not in birds.