cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
A time-modulated Hawkes process to model the spread of COVID-19 and the impact of countermeasures
Creators: name: Garetto, Michele
name: Leonardi, Emilio
name: Torrisi, Giovanni Luca
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 92D30

description: Motivated by the recent outbreak of coronavirus (COVID-19), we propose a stochastic model of epidemic temporal growth and mitigation based on a time-modulated Hawkes process. The model is sufficiently rich to incorporate specific characteristics of the novel coronavirus, to capture the impact of undetected, asymptomatic and super-diffusive individuals, and especially to take into account time-varying counter-measures and detection efforts. Yet, it is simple enough to allow scalable and efficient computation of the temporal evolution of the epidemic, and exploration of what-if scenarios. Compared to traditional compartmental models, our approach allows a more faithful description of virus specific features, such as distributions for the time spent in stages, which is crucial when the time-scale of control (e.g., mobility restrictions) is comparable to the lifetime of a single infection. We apply the model to the first and second wave of COVID-19 in Italy, shedding light into several effects related to mobility restrictions introduced by the government, and to the effectiveness of contact tracing and mass testing performed by the national health service.
description: 13 colored figures
Finite Energy Foliations on Overtwisted Contact Manifolds
Creators: name: Wendl, Chris
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Symplectic Geometry (math.SG)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 32Q65; 57R17

description: We develop a method for preserving pseudoholomorphic curves in contact 3-manifolds under surgery along transverse links. This makes use of a geometrically natural boundary value problem for holomorphic curves in a 3-manifold with stable Hamiltonian structure, where the boundary conditions are defined by 1-parameter families of totally real surfaces. The technique is applied here to construct a finite energy foliation for every closed overtwisted contact 3-manifold.
description: 76 pages, 15 figures; typos corrected
Fano resonances induced by the topological magnetoelectric effect
Creators: name: Castro-Enriquez, L. A.
name: Martín-Ruiz, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the interaction between a topological insulator nanoparticle and a quantum dot in an impulse magnetic field. Since topological insulators are nonmagnetic, after the impulse has ended only the localised topological surface modes, which are quantised in terms of dipolar bosonic modes, thus coupling dipolarly to the quantum dot. Hence, the hybrid system can be treated as a single bosonic mode interacting with a two-level system, where the coupling strength is quantised in terms of the magnetoelectric polarizability. We implement the interaction of the hybrid with the environment through the coupling with a continuum reservoir of radiative output modes and a reservoir of phonon modes. Using the method of Zubarev's Green functions, we derive an expression for the optical absorption spectrum of the system. We find the emergence of Fano resonances which are direct manifestations of the $\mathbb{Z}_{2}$ invariant of topological insulators. We present numerical results for a topological insulator nanosphere made of TlBiSe$_2$ interacting with a CdSe quantum dot.
description: Accepted for publication in Europhysics Letters. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2007.06145
Composing primary written report cards: teacher processes and dilemmas
Creators: name: George, Pamela Jean
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Report cards are of great significance, not only to students and parents, but also to the teachers who create them. To date, the process of report card writing has been little researched. The purpose of this study is to explore the issues and dilemmas that primary teachers encounter as they prepare narrative report cards, and in particular, "structured" written report cards, newly mandated in the province of British Columbia. As originally conceived, the intent of the study was to identify information that would prove "useful" to primary teachers and to those individuals charged with providing in-service to teachers in the area of primary report card writing. While these "practical" considerations guided my initial thinking, they were re-shaped early in the investigation to include my concern for capturing the essence of what has been revealed to be an "extraordinary" event in teachers' lives. In order to gain this deeper meaning of the significance of report card writing for teachers and to capture the process as lived by teachers, a decision was made to use phenomenology to guide the research. Six teachers in four different schools in an urban lower mainland community took part in the study. Three conversations took place with the teachers over a period of five months, and these, together with narrating and journal writing, provided a basis for the creation of the text. The study contributes insight into the understanding of the lived meaning of the experience of report card writing for teachers.
Shock acceleration as origin of the radio relic in A521?
Creators: name: Giacintucci, S.
name: Venturi, T.
name: Macario, G.
name: Dallacasa, D.
name: Brunetti, G.
name: Markevitch, M.
name: Cassano, R.
name: Bardelli, S.
name: Athreya, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present new high sensitivity observations of the radio relic in A521 carried out with the Giant Metrewave Radio Telescope at 327 MHz and with the Very Large Array at 4.9 and 8.5 GHz. We imaged the relic at these frequencies and carried out a detailed spectral analysis, based on the integrated radio spectrum between 235 MHz and 4.9 GHz, and on the spectral index image in the frequency range 327-610 MHz. To this aim we used the new GMRT observations and other proprietary as well as archival data. We also searched for a possible shock front co-located with the relic on a short archival Chandra X-ray observation of the cluster. The integrated spectrum of the relic is consistent with a single power law; the spectral index image shows a clear trend of steepening going from the outer portion of the relic toward the cluster centre. We discuss the origin of the source in the light of the theoretical models for the formation of cluster radio relics. Our results on the spectral properties of the relic are consistent with acceleration of relativistic electrons by a shock in the intracluster medium. This scenario is further supported by our finding of an X-ray surface brightness edge coincident with the outer border of the radio relic. This edge is likely a shock front.
description: 13 pages, 12 figures, accepted for publication in A&A
Dimension-2 condensates, zeta-regularization and large-Nc Regge Models
Creators: name: Arriola, Enrique Ruiz
name: Broniowski, Wojciech
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Dimension-2 and -4 gluon condensates are re-analyzed in large-Nc Regge models with the zeta-function regularization which preserves the spectrum in any q qbar channel separately. We demonstrate that the signs and magnitudes of both condensates can be properly described within the framework.
description: 3 pages, 1 figure. Talk given at 4th International Conference on Quarks and Nuclear Physics (QNP06), Madrid, Spain, 5-10 Jun 2006. (typos corrected. References added)
PHENOMENOLOGICAL AND EXISTENTIAL APPROACHES TO THE PROBLEM OF CONSCIOUSNESS IN WESTERN PHILOSOPHY
Creators: name: Azimova, Madinabonu
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: In Wеstеrn philosophy, thе problеm of consciousnеss has bееn studiеd for many cеnturiеs basеd on various approachеs. Phеnomеnological and еxistеntial approachеs arе of particular importancе in this topic. Phеnomеnology is an approach aimеd at connеcting consciousnеss with thе еxtеrnal world, undеrstanding its structurе and еxpеriеncеs, and was dеvеlopеd by philosophеrs such as Еdmund Hussеrl and Martin Hеidеggеr. Еxistеntialism, on thе othеr hand, focusеs mainly on discovеring thе individual lifе, frееdom and mеaning of man, and was also dеvеlopеd by figurеs such as Jеan-Paul Sartrе and Friеdrich Niеtzschе. Thеsе two approachеs havе complеmеntary and somеtimеs opposing points of viеw in undеrstanding consciousnеss. Phеnomеnology and еxistеntialism rеvеal thе dееp layеrs of philosophical thinking and makе it possiblе to rеassеss thе mеaning of human lifе, consciousnеss and еxistеncе.
Emergent Quantum Jumps in a Nano-Electro-Mechanical System
Creators: name: Jacobs, Kurt
name: Lougovski, Pavel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe a nano-electromechnical system that exhibits the "retroactive" quantum jumps discovered by Mabuchi and Wiseman [Phys. Rev. Lett. 81, 4620 (1998)]. This system consists of a Cooper-pair box coupled to a nano-mechanical resonator, in which the latter is continuously monitored by a single-electron transistor or quantum point-contact. Further, we show that these kinds of jumps, and the jumps that emerge in a continuous quantum non-demolition measurement are one and the same phenomena. We also consider manipulating the jumps by applying feedback control to the Cooper-pair box.
description: 7 pages, revtex4, 1 eps figure. v2 and v3: presentation altered, references added
Kernel methods for center manifold approximation and a data-based version of the Center Manifold Theorem
Creators: name: Haasdonk, Bernard
name: Hamzi, Boumediene
name: Santin, Gabriele
name: Wittwar, Dominik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: For dynamical systems with a non hyperbolic equilibrium, it is possible to significantly simplify the study of stability by means of the center manifold theory. This theory allows to isolate the complicated asymptotic behavior of the system close to the equilibrium point and to obtain meaningful predictions of its behavior by analyzing a reduced order system on the so-called center manifold. Since the center manifold is usually not known, good approximation methods are important as the center manifold theorem states that the stability properties of the origin of the reduced order system are the same as those of the origin of the full order system. In this work, we establish a data-based version of the center manifold theorem that works by considering an approximation in place of an exact manifold. Also the error between the approximated and the original reduced dynamics are quantified. We then use an apposite data-based kernel method to construct a suitable approximation of the manifold close to the equilibrium, which is compatible with our general error theory. The data are collected by repeated numerical simulation of the full system by means of a high-accuracy solver, which generates sets of discrete trajectories that are then used as a training set. The method is tested on different examples which show promising performance and good accuracy.
Gamma-Ray Bursts with Extended Emission: Classifications, Energy Correlations and Radiation Properties
Creators: name: Zhang, X. L.
name: Zhang, C. T.
name: Li, X. J.
name: S, F. F.
name: Dong, X. F.
name: Chang, H. Y.
name: Zhang, Z. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Thanks to more and more gamma-ray bursts with measured redshift and extended emission detected by the recent space telescopes, it is urgent and possible to check whether those previous energy correlations still satisfy for the particular sample involving only the bursts accompanied by tail radiations. Using 20 long and 22 short bursts with extended emission, we find that the popular $γ$-ray energy correlations of the intrinsic peak energy versus the isotropic energy (Amati relation) and the intrinsic peak energy versus the peak luminosity (Yonetoku relation) do exist in either short or long bursts. However, these gamma-ray bursts with extended emissions are much better to be reclassified into two subgroups of E-I and E-II that make the above energy correlations more tight. As proposed by Zhang et al. (2018), the energy correlations can be utilized to distinguish these kinds of gamma-ray bursts in the plane of bolometric fluence versus peak energy as well. Interestingly, the peculiar short GRB 170817A belongs to the E-I group in the fluence versus peak energy plane, but it is an outlier of both Amati and Yonetoku relations even though the off-axis effect has been corrected. Furthermore, we compare the radiation features between the extended emissions and the prompt gamma-rays in order to search for their possible connections. Taking into account all these factors, we conclude that gamma-ray bursts with extended emission are still required to model with dichotomic groups, namely E-I and E-II classes, respectively, which hints that they might be of different origins.
description: 24 pages, 12 figures and 2 tables, RAA in press. Comments are welcome
Policy responses to the presence of irregular migrants: A typology
Creators: name: Hendow, Maegan
name: Bilger, Veronika
name: Hofmann, Martin
name: Kraler, Albert
Publisher: name: Krems: University for Continuing Education Krems (Danube University Krems)
Year: 2024

description: This working paper is aimed at researchers and others interested in understanding and classifying policy and practical approaches to migrant irregularity. Addressing irregular migration has become an important focus within the migration policy field. Policymakers tend to emphasise the need to address irregular arrivals, yet in fact have a wide range of policy responses at their disposal. MIrreM research has highlighted the wide range of policy responses to the presence of irregular migrants, including how policies provide pathways into and out of irregularity (Hendow et al., 2024); this working paper aims to classify them within a typology. It builds on the existing MIrreM conceptualisation of migrant irregularity (Kraler & Ahrens, 2023), focusing on the intersection between the pathways into and out of irregularity and the stocks of irregular migrants.
Ο ρόλος της διατροφής στη λειτουργία του ανοσοποιητικού συστήματος των πτηνών:
Creators: name: Αναγνωστοπούλου, Μάρθα Νικολάου
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2014
Subjects: διατροφή
ανοσοποιητικό σύστημα
κρεοπαραγωγά ορνίθια
nutrition
immune system
broiler chickens

description: Τα ζώα χρειάζονται τροφή για τις ανάγκες επιβίωσης, για την αύξηση, την ανάπτυξη, την αναπαραγωγή και την παραγωγή προϊόντων. Τα θρεπτικά συστατικά που περιέχονται στην τροφή, συμμετέχουν στη δόμηση και στην αναπλήρωση συστατικών του οργανισμού και συντελούν στην επιβίωση των ζώων.Σκοπός της παρούσας εργασίας ήταν να ελεγχθεί ο ρόλος της διατροφής στο ανοσοποιητικό σύστημα των πτηνών. Με τη βοήθεια της διεθνούς βιβλιογραφίας εξετάστηκαν τα θρεπτικά συστατικά της τροφής που μπορούν να επηρεάσουν το ανοσοποιητικό σύστημα και τον τρόπο με τον οποίο δρουν.Τα προβιοτικά, τα πρεβιοτικά, τα αρωματικά φυτά, οι βιταμίνες Α, Ε, D και C, το ασβέστιο και τα λιπαρά οξέα είναι συστατικά της τροφής που όταν χορηγούνται στα πτηνά, επηρεάζουν τη λειτουργία και τη δραστηριότητα των κυττάρων του ανοσοποιητικού συστήματος. Με αυτό τον τρόπο ενισχύουν την άμυνα του οργανισμού και αυξάνουν την ανθεκτικότητα κατά των παθογόνων μικροοργανισμών.
description: It is increasingly appreciated that diet plays an important role in maintaining animal health, productive and reproductive performance of farm animals and poultry. Nutrients are involved in the construction and replacement of the components of the organism and contribute to the survival of the animals.The purpose of this study was to examine the role of nutrition in the immune system of poultry. International literature was studied about the nutrients that can affect the immune system and the mode of action that they use to achieve it. Probiotics, prebiotics, aromatic plants, vitamins A, E, D and C, calcium and fatty acids are components of food that when are administered to poultry, can affect the function and activity of immune cells.
Bhattacharyya inequality for quantum state estimation
Creators: name: Tsuda, Yoshiyuki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using higher-order derivative with respect to the parameter, we will give lower bounds for variance of unbiased estimators in quantum estimation problems. This is a quantum version of the Bhattacharyya inequality in the classical statistical estimation. Because of non-commutativity of operator multiplication, we obtain three different types of lower bounds; Type S, Type R and Type L. If the parameter is a real number, the Type S bound is useful. If the parameter is complex, the Type R and L bounds are useful. As an application, we will consider estimation of polynomials of the complex amplitude of the quantum Gaussian state. For the case where the amplitude lies in the real axis, a uniformly optimum estimator for the square of the amplitude will be derived using the Type S bound. It will be shown that there is no unbiased estimator uniformly optimum as a polynomial of annihilation and/or creation operators for the cube of the amplitude. For the case where the amplitude does not necessarily lie in the real axis, uniformly optimum estimators for holomorphic, antiholomorphic and real-valued polynomials of the amplitude will be derived. Those estimators for the holomorphic and real-valued cases attains the Type R bound, and those for the antiholomorphic and real-valued cases attains the Type L bound. This article clarifies what is the best method to measure energy of laser.
description: 22 pages, no figure
Multiscale coupling of molecular dynamics and hydrodynamics: application to DNA translocation through a nanopore
Creators: name: Fyta, Maria G.
name: Melchionna, Simone
name: Kaxiras, Efthimios
name: Succi, Sauro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a multiscale approach to the modeling of polymer dynamics in the presence of a fluid solvent. The approach combines Langevin Molecular Dynamics (MD) techniques with a mesoscopic Lattice-Boltzmann (LB) method for the solvent dynamics. A unique feature of the present approach is that hydrodynamic interactions between the solute macromolecule and the aqueous solvent are handled explicitly, and yet in a computationally tractable way due to the dual particle-field nature of the LB solver. The suitability of the present LB-MD multiscale approach is demonstrated for the problem of polymer fast translocation through a nanopore. We also provide an interpretation of our results in the context of DNA translocation through a nanopore, a problem that has attracted much theoretical and experimental attention recently.
description: 18 pages, 8 figures
On the use of naked-eye sunspot observations during the Maunder Minimum
Creators: name: Carrasco, V. M. S.
name: Gallego, M. C.
name: Arlt, R.
name: Vaquero, J. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Naked-eye sunspot observations (NESO, hereafter) have been recorded for last two millennia, approximately. This kind of records were made around the world, mainly in Asian civilizations, and they are compiled in several catalogues. In this work, we analyze solar activity in days of the 19th century when NESO were recorded. We found that only more than five sunspot groups were recorded in 39 % of days corresponding to these NESO events. Furthermore, regarding the largest groups observed in days when NESO were reported, we show the uncorrected areas of these groups were below 200 millionths of solar disc (msd hereafter) in 3.2 % of total cases while it is 12.9 % for areas between 200 and 499 msd. Thus, NESO records do not imply high solar activity and big sunspot groups necessarily. Therefore, these results contradict the interpretations of recent works that, using the same NESO set, suggest the solar activity level during the Maunder Minimum is still an open question. NESO records support the Maunder Minimum as a very low solar activity period.
description: 15 pages, 4 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ
Clusters at Half Hubble Time: Galaxy Structure and Colors in RXJ0152.7-1357 and MS1054-03
Creators: name: Blakeslee, J. P.
name: Holden, B. P.
name: Franx, M.
name: Rosati, P.
name: Bouwens, R. J.
name: Demarco, R.
name: Ford, H. C.
name: Homeier, N. L.
name: Illingworth, G. D.
name: Jee, M. J.
name: Mei, S.
name: Menanteau, F.
name: Meurer, G. R.
name: Postman, M.
name: Tran, K. -V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the photometric and structural properties of spectroscopically confirmed members in the two massive X-ray--selected z=0.83 galaxy clusters MS1054-03 and RXJ0152-1357 using three-band mosaic imaging with the Hubble Space Telescope Advanced Camera for Surveys. The samples include 105 and 140 members of MS1054-03 and RXJ0152-1357, respectively, with ACS F775W magnitude < 24.0. We develop a promising new structural classification method, based on a combination of the best-fit Sersic indices and the normalized root-mean-square residuals from the fits; the resulting classes agree well with the visual ones, but are less affected by galaxy orientation. We examine the color--magnitude relations in detail and find that the color residuals correlate with the local mass density measured from our weak lensing maps; we identify a threshold density of $Σ\approx 0.1$, in units of the critical density, above which the star formation appears to cease. For RXJ0152-1357, we also find a trend in the color residuals with velocity, resulting from an offset of about 980 km/s in the mean redshifts of the early- and late-type galaxies. Analysis of the color--color diagrams indicates that a range of star formation time-scales are needed to reproduce the loci of the galaxy colors. We also identify some cluster galaxies whose colors can only be explained by large amounts, $A_V \approx 1$ mag, of internal dust extinction. [Abstract shortened]
description: 30 pages, emulateapj format; 23 figures, many in color. Accepted by ApJ; scheduled for the 10 June 2006 issue. Some figures degraded; for a higher resolution version, see: http://astro.wsu.edu/blakeslee/z1clusters/
Complexity on Small Scales II: Metallicities and Ages in the Leo II Dwarf Spheroidal Galaxy
Creators: name: Koch, A.
name: Grebel, E. K.
name: Kleyna, J. T.
name: Wilkinson, M. I.
name: Harbeck, D. R.
name: Gilmore, G. F.
name: Wyse, R. F. G.
name: Evans, N. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present metallicities and ages for 52 red giants in the remote Galactic dwarf spheroidal (dSph) galaxy Leo II. These stars cover the entire surface area of Leo II and are radial velocity members. We obtained medium-resolution multi-fiber spectroscopy with ESO/VLT's FLAMES spectrograph. The metallicities were determined based on the near-infrared Ca II triplet. The resulting metallicity distribution (MD) is asymmetric and peaks at [Fe/H]=-1.74 dex on the Carretta & Gratton scale. The full range in metallicities extends from -2.4 to -1.1 dex. As in other dSphs, no extremely metal-poor red giants were found. We compare Leo II's observed MD with model predictions for several other Galactic dSphs from the literature. Leo II clearly exhibits a lack of more metal poor stars, in analogy to the classical G-dwarf problem, which may indicate a comparable `K-giant problem'. Moreover, its evolution appears to have been affected by galactic winds. We use our inferred metallicities as an input parameter for isochrone fits to SDSS photometry and derive approximate ages. The resulting age-metallicity distribution covers the full age range from 2-15 Gyr on our adopted isochrone scale. During the first 7 Gyr relative to the oldest stars [Fe/H] appears to have remained almost constant. The almost constant metallicity at higher ages and a slight drop by about 0.3 dex thereafter may be indicative of rejuvenation by low metallicity gas. Overall, the age-metallicity relation appears to support the formation of Leo II from pre-enriched gas. Evidence for enrichment is seen during the recent 2-4 Gyr. Our findings support earlier photometric findings of Leo II as a galaxy with a prominent old and a dominant intermediate-age population. We do not find a significant radial metallicity gradient nor age gradient in our data.(Abridged)
description: 23 pages, 12 Figures, accepted for publication in the AJ
Freezing "The perfect moment"
Creators: name: Lang, Kirstie
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: This study examines a body of literature which was generated by controversy. The controversy stems from the 1988-1990 exhibition of Robert Mapplethorpe's retrospective, "The Perfect Moment." Due to the sexual nature of the show's contents, guidelines for the National Endowment for the Arts were revised, one gallery cancelled plans to exhibit the retrospective, and another gallery was taken to court. The controversy generated extensive debate on the status of Mapplethorpe's work as art and as pornography, and on the rights of institutions to show sexual imagery and obtain federal funding. A meta-analysis of the literature on the controversy was carried out, focusing on articles published in five American art journals and one newspaper. This material was studied in order to determine the issues deemed important in the debate, the various ways these issues were debated by factions involved, and the significance of these issues within the controversy. Additional materials were incorporated to examine the history of controversy over sexual art, the type of sexuality shown in Mapplethorpe's work, feminist arguments for and against pornography, and relevant obscenity laws. The study shows that Mapplethorpe's work was defended as art based on "expert" conceptions of art and legitimating art contexts. It states that the work's "pornographic" content functions to emulate and transgress social structures. Negative reactions to the photographs' sexual content are discussed in terms of anti-pornography feminist associations of pornography with violence. Discomfort with various aspects of sexuality is also attributed to the particular nature of this debate. The hosting museums and the funding agency are described as having been targets of censorship, their own responsibilities to represent and challenge the status quo made problematic by the changing nature of their communities over the course of the debate. The study concludes with suggestions to museum educators. They point to the need to educate on sexual imagery's various aspects: artistic qualities, the sexuality portrayed, arguments for and against the portrayal of sexuality, and the laws relevant to its exposure. Public debate and counterspeech are encouraged. And programming involving the help of artistic, legal, and sexual experts is strongly advised.
Dynamic Hidden-Variable Network Models
Creators: name: Hartle, Harrison
name: Papadopoulos, Fragkiskos
name: Krioukov, Dmitri
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Models of complex networks often incorporate node-intrinsic properties abstracted as hidden variables. The probability of connections in the network is then a function of these variables. Real-world networks evolve over time, and many exhibit dynamics of node characteristics as well as of linking structure. Here we introduce and study natural temporal extensions of static hidden-variable network models with stochastic dynamics of hidden variables and links. The rates of the hidden variable dynamics and link dynamics are controlled by two parameters, and snapshots of networks in the dynamic models may or may not be equivalent to a static model, depending on the location in the parameter phase diagram. We quantify deviations from static-like behavior, and examine the level of structural persistence in the considered models. We explore temporal versions of popular static models with community structure, latent geometry, and degree-heterogeneity. We do not attempt to directly model real networks, but comment on interesting qualitative resemblances, discussing possible extensions, generalizations, and applications.
description: 27 pages, 9 figures, 1 table
More Than Just Good Passwords? A Study on Usability and Security Perceptions of Risk-based Authentication
Creators: name: Wiefling, Stephan
name: Dürmuth, Markus
name: Iacono, Luigi Lo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Risk-based Authentication (RBA) is an adaptive security measure to strengthen password-based authentication. RBA monitors additional features during login, and when observed feature values differ significantly from previously seen ones, users have to provide additional authentication factors such as a verification code. RBA has the potential to offer more usable authentication, but the usability and the security perceptions of RBA are not studied well. We present the results of a between-group lab study (n=65) to evaluate usability and security perceptions of two RBA variants, one 2FA variant, and password-only authentication. Our study shows with significant results that RBA is considered to be more usable than the studied 2FA variants, while it is perceived as more secure than password-only authentication in general and comparably secure to 2FA in a variety of application types. We also observed RBA usability problems and provide recommendations for mitigation. Our contribution provides a first deeper understanding of the users' perception of RBA and helps to improve RBA implementations for a broader user acceptance.
description: 16 pages, 10 figures, 6 tables
Spectral Modeling of Type II Supernovae
Creators: name: Baron, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using models of the SN~IIP 2005cs, we show that detailed spectral analysis can be used to determine reddening and abundances.
description: 8 pages, 7 figures. To appear in The Multicoloured Landscape of Compact Objects and their Explosive Progenitors: Theory vs Observations, eds, L. Burderi et al. (New York: AIP)
Study of the D^0 \to pi^-pi^+pi^-pi^+ decay
Creators: name: FOCUS Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using data from the FOCUS (E831) experiment at Fermilab, we present new measurements for the Cabibbo-suppressed decay mode $D^0 \to π^-π^+π^-π^+$. We measure the branching ratio $Γ(D^0 \toπ^+π^- π^+π^-)/Γ(D^0 \to K^-π^+π^-π^+) = 0.0914 \pm 0.0018 \pm 0.0022$. An amplitude analysis has been performed, a first for this channel, in order to determine the resonant substructure of this decay mode. The dominant component is the decay $D^0 \to a_1(1260)^+ π^-$, accounting for 60% of the decay rate. The second most dominant contribution comes from the decay $D^0 \to ρ(770)^0ρ(770)^0$, with a fraction of 25%. We also study the $a_1(1260)$ line shape and resonant substructure. Using the helicity formalism for the angular distribution of the decay $D^0 \to ρ(770)^0ρ(770)^0$, we measure a longitudinal polarization of $P_L = (71 \pm 4\pm 2)$%.
description: 38 pages, 8 figures. accepted for publication in Physical Review D
ERRATA
Creators: name: Farooq, Mustafa
Publisher: name: Continental Journal of Microbiology
Year: 2024

description: This topic delves into the complexities of biofilm formation on neurosurgical implants, such as shunts, cranioplasty plates, and deep brain stimulators, which are critical in treating neurological disorders and trauma. Biofilms are microbial communities that adhere to implant surfaces and produce an extracellular matrix, making them highly resistant to both antibiotics and the host immune system. These biofilm-associated infections pose significant challenges in neurosurgery, often leading to implant failure, prolonged hospital stays, and higher patient morbidity.

The review explores the microbial mechanisms that drive biofilm formation, focusing on common pathogens like Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. It also assesses current therapeutic strategies, including material science innovations that prevent bacterial adhesion, antimicrobial coatings, and the emerging role of Cold Atmospheric Plasma (CAP) in disrupting established biofilms. The discussion also includes future directions, such as bacteriophage therapy and stimuli-responsive materials, aimed at mitigating the impact of biofilm-associated infections on neurosurgical outcomes.
The generation of academic discourse by ESL learners through computer-based peer tutoring; a case study
Creators: name: Rice, Curtis
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Does peer tutoring using computer-based hypermedia resources help ESL students generate academic discourse in L2? This relates issues of SL learning and the computer in education. I observed 10 upper elementary ESL students research the topic “Earth and the Solar System”, build a HyperCard stack (“Our World”) to record their results, and peer tutor the stack to younger classmates. Some peer tutored the stack again to ex-ESL Grade 5 students. I recorded both peer tutoring sessions (PT(1) and PT(2)) and analyzed discourse transcripts by quantitative variables, pedagogical objectives, cognitive functions and tutoring style; linked our discourse analysis to Krashen’s (1985) Input Hypothesis, Cummins (1991) concepts of conversational and academic language proficiency, and Halliday’s (1985) model of language socialization distinguishing interpersonal, ideational and textual components; and followed Staab (1986), in dividing the ideational component into “Informing” and “Reasoning”. In PT( 1) students spent more time talking (56%) in computer-based peer tutoring than in any other activity (10-16%). Informing was high (65%) but Reasoning was low (22%). Tutors used predominantly the traditional I-R-E knowledge-transmission teaching model, speaking 2½ times as much as tutees. In PT(2) tutors were given as aids 1) a Tutorial stack with knowledge-structure-based computer graphics to represent each topic and 2) training in moving from I-R-E to more equal dialogue exchanges with tutees. I compared a selected pair in PT(2) with a selected pair in PT(1). In PT(2). tutors produced 27% and tutees 19% more language; Reasoning increased from 22% to 39% overall and to 46% in the Tutor Explanation tutoring mode; and I-R-E discourse dropped from 62% to 13%. These changes marked a move from traditional knowledge-transmission towards a knowledge-construction paradigm. I conclude that 1) peer tutoring holds great promise for development of academic discourse in the L2; 2) but without training, tutors are likely to fall back on I-R-E teacher dominated discourse with a low proportion of Reasoning; 3) interactively using the computer facilitates a shift from traditional knowledge-transmission to cooperative knowledge construction learning; 4) the students’ use of elementary multimedia technology provides a window to a future shift from print to electronic technology and towards a knowledge construction paradigm.
Targeting Biofilm Formation on Neurosurgical Implants: Microbial Mechanisms and Therapeutic Strategies
Creators: name: Farooq, Mustafa
name: Mehra, Mehul
name: Patel, Rahul
name: Nguyen, Khoi
Publisher: name: Continental Journal of Microbiology
Year: 2024

description: Abstract

Neurosurgical implants, including cranioplasty plates, ventricular shunts, and neuromodulation devices, are highly susceptible to biofilm-related infections, with infection rates ranging from 5% to 15%. Biofilms, structured microbial communities encased in extracellular matrices, significantly complicate treatment by providing resistance to both antibiotics and host immune responses. Pathogens such as Staphylococcus epidermidis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Cutibacterium acnes commonly form biofilms on materials like titanium, PEEK, and silicone, used in neurosurgical devices. This review explores biofilm formation mechanisms and evaluates emerging strategies to prevent and treat these infections. Current therapeutic methods, including systemic antibiotics and surgical debridement, often fail to address biofilm resilience, necessitating frequent implant revisions. Novel approaches, such as antimicrobial coatings, nano-textured surfaces, and antibiotic-loaded implants, show promise in reducing bacterial adhesion and biofilm formation. Advanced coatings with silver nanoparticles, chitosan, and copper-based materials have demonstrated significant reductions in bacterial colonization, while nano-texturing enhances tissue integration. Molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) offer early detection capabilities for bacterial activity. Future research must focus on optimizing these technologies to ensure long-term efficacy, minimize antibiotic resistance, and improve patient outcomes by reducing implant-related complications.
Generalized shuffles related to Nijenhuis and TD-algebras
Creators: name: Ebrahimi-Fard, K.
name: Leroux, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Shuffle and quasi-shuffle products are well-known in the mathematics literature. They are intimately related to Loday's dendriform algebras, and were extensively used to give explicit constructions of free commutative Rota-Baxter algebras. In the literature there exist at least two other Rota-Baxter type algebras, namely, the Nijenhuis algebra and the so-called TD-algebra. The explicit construction of the free unital commutative Nijenhuis algebra uses a modified quasi-shuffle product, called the right-shift shuffle. We show that another modification of the quasi-shuffle product, the so-called left-shift shuffle, can be used to give an explicit construction of the free unital commutative TD-algebra. We explore some basic properties of TD-operators and show that the free unital commutative Nijenhuis algebra is a TD-algebra. We relate our construction to Loday's unital commutative dendriform trialgebras, including the involutive case. The concept of Rota-Baxter, Nijenhuis and TD-bialgebras is introduced at the end and we show that any commutative bialgebra provides such objects.
description: 20 pages, typos corrected, accepted for publication in Communications in Algebra
Distinct Classes of Compact Stars Based On Geometrically Deduced Equations of State
Creators: name: Khunt, A. C.
name: Thomas, V. O.
name: Vinodkumar, P. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have computed the properties of compact objects like neutron stars based on equation of state (EOS) deduced from a core-envelope model of superdense stars. Such superdense stars have been studied by solving the Einstein's equation based on pseudo-spheroidal and spherically symmetric space-time geometry. The computed star properties are compared with those obtained based on nuclear matter equations of state. From the mass-radius ($M-R$) relationship obtained here, we are able to classify compact stars in three categories: (i) highly compact self -bound stars that represents exotic matter compositions with radius lying below 9 km (ii) normal neutron stars with radius between 9 to 12 km and (iii) soft matter neutron stars having radius lying between 12 to 20 km. Other properties such as Keplerian frequency, surface gravity and surface gravitational redshift are also computed for all the three types. The present work would be useful for the study of highly compact neutron like stars having exotic matter compositions.
description: 19 pages, 8 figures
N=4 Superconformal Characters and Partition Functions
Creators: name: Bianchi, M.
name: Dolan, F. A.
name: Heslop, P. J.
name: Osborn, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Character formulae for positive energy unitary representations of the N=4 superconformal group are obtained through use of reduced Verma modules and Weyl group symmetry. Expansions of these are given which determine the particular representations present and results such as dimensions of superconformal multiplets. By restriction of variables various `blind' characters are also obtained. Limits, corresponding to reduction to particular subgroups, in the characters isolate contributions from particular subsets of multiplets and in many cases simplify the results considerably. As a special case, the index counting short and semi-short multiplets which do not form long multiplets found recently is shown to be related to particular cases of reduced characters. Partition functions of N=4 super Yang Mills are investigated. Through analysis of these, exact formulae are obtained for counting half and some quarter BPS operators in the free case. Similarly, partial results for the counting of semi-short operators are given. It is also shown in particular examples how certain short operators which one might combine to form long multiplets due to group theoretic considerations may be protected dynamically.
description: 72 pages, uses harvmac
Induced Chern-Simons action on noncommutative torus
Creators: name: Vassilevich, D. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compute a Chern-Simons term induced by the fermions on noncommutative torus interacting with two U(1) gauge fields. For rational noncommutativity θ\propto P/Q we find a new mixed term in the action which involves only those fields which are (2π)/Q periodic, like the fields in a crystal with Q^2 nodes.
description: 9 pp; v2: references and discussion added
Energies of S^2-valued harmonic maps on polyhedra with tangent boundary conditions
Creators: name: Majumdar, A
name: Robbins, JM
name: Zyskin, M
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A unit-vector field n:P \to S^2 on a convex polyhedron P \subset R^3 satisfies tangent boundary conditions if, on each face of P, n takes values tangent to that face. Tangent unit-vector fields are necessarily discontinuous at the vertices of P. We consider fields which are continuous elsewhere. We derive a lower bound E^-_P(h) for the infimum Dirichlet energy E^inf_P(h) for such tangent unit-vector fields of arbitrary homotopy type h. E^-_P(h) is expressed as a weighted sum of minimal connections, one for each sector of a natural partition of S^2 induced by P. For P a rectangular prism, we derive an upper bound for E^inf_P(h) whose ratio to the lower bound may be bounded independently of h. The problem is motivated by models of nematic liquid crystals in polyhedral geometries. Our results improve and extend several previous results.
description: 42 pages, 2 figures
Impact of the small-scale structure on the Stochastic Background of Gravitational Waves from cosmic strings
Creators: name: Auclair, Pierre G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Numerical simulations and analytical models suggest that infinite cosmic strings produce cosmic string loops of all sizes with a given power-law. Precise estimations of the power-law exponent are still matter of debate while numerical simulations do not incorporate all the radiation and back-reaction effects expected to affect the network at small scales. Previously it has been shown, using a Boltzmann approach, that depending on the steepness of the loop production function and the gravitational back-reaction scale, a so-called Extra Population of Small Loops (EPSL) can be generated in the loop number density. We propose a framework to study the influence of this extra population of small loops on the Stochastic Background of Gravitational Waves (SBGW). We show that this extra population can have a significant signature at frequencies higher than $H_0(ΓGμ)^{-1}$ where $Γ$ is of order $50$ and $H_0$ is the Hubble constant. We propose a complete classification of the gravitational wave power spectra expected from cosmic strings into four classes, including the model of Blanco-Pillado, Olum and Shlaer and the model of Lorenz, Ringeval and Sakellariadou. Finally we show that given the uncertainties on the Polchinski-Rocha exponents, two hybrid classes of gravitational wave power spectrum can be considered giving very different predictions for the SBGW.
Orbital evolution for extreme mass-ratio binaries: conservative self forces
Creators: name: Burko, Lior M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The conservative dephasing effects of gravitational self forces for extreme mass-ratio inspirals are studied. Both secular and non-secular conservative effects may have a significant effect on LISA waveforms that is independent of the mass ratio of the system. Such effects need to be included in generated waveforms to allow for accurate gravitational wave astronomy that requires integration times as long as a year.
description: 3 figures, in Proceedings of the Sixth International LISA Symposium (AIP, 2006)
Μεταφραστική και ορολογική διαχείριση επιστολών αρχείου Παπάφη με την ταυτόχρονη ανάπτυξη πρωτοκόλλων μετάφρασης
Creators: name: Παππάς, Γεώργιος Βασιλείου
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2014
Subjects: Μετάφραση
Ορολογία
Ιταλικά
Translation
Terminology
Italian

description: Η διπλωματική αυτή εργασία έχει σαν στόχο τη μετάφραση (από τα ιταλικά στα ελληνικά) 9 επιστολών του αρχείου Παπάφη και την ταυτόχρονη ανάπτυξη ενός άτυπου μεταφραστικού πρωτοκόλλου σχολιάζοντας παράλληλα τις μεταφραστικές επιλογές που υιοθετήθηκαν. Η σχολιασμένη αυτή μετάφραση πραγματοποιήθηκε ακολουθώντας τις υποδείξεις των Jenny Williams και Andrew Chesterman . Τέλος η κατηγοριοποίηση των μεταφραστικών επιλογών πραγματοποιήθηκε σύμφωνα με το μοντέλο του Klauss Kaindl.
description: The aim of this thesis is to translate (from Italian to Greek) 9 letters from Papafi’s archive and at the same time to develop an informal translation protocol by commenting the translation choices made. The annotated translation was realized according to Jenny Williams and Andrew Chesterman’s instructions. Finally, the classification of the translating choices was made by following Klauss Kaindl’s model.