cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Comparative analysis of electric field influence on the quantum wells with different boundary conditions. II. Thermodynamic properties
Creators: name: Olendski, O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Thermodynamic properties of the one-dimensional (1D) quantum well (QW) with miscellaneous permutations of the Dirichlet (D) and Neumann (N) boundary conditions (BCs) at its edges in the perpendicular to the surfaces electric field $\mathscr{E}$ are calculated. For the canonical ensemble, analytical expressions involving theta functions are found for the mean energy and heat capacity $c_V$ for the box with no applied voltage. Pronounced maximum accompanied by the adjacent minimum of the specific heat dependence on the temperature $T$ for the pure Neumann QW and their absence for other BCs are predicted and explained by the structure of the corresponding energy spectrum. Applied field leads to the increase of the heat capacity and formation of the new or modification of the existing extrema what is qualitatively described by the influence of the associated electric potential. A remarkable feature of the Fermi grand canonical ensemble is, at any BC combination in zero fields, a salient maximum of $c_V$ observed on the $T$ axis for one particle and its absence for any other number $N$ of corpuscles. Qualitative and quantitative explanation of this phenomenon employs the analysis of the chemical potential and its temperature dependence for different $N$. It is proved that critical temperature $T_{cr}$ of the Bose-Einstein (BE) condensation increases with the applied voltage for any number of particles and for any BC permutation except the ND case at small intensities $\mathscr{E}$ what is explained again by the modification by the field of the interrelated energies. It is shown that even for the temperatures smaller than $T_{cr}$ the total dipole moment $\langle P\rangle$ may become negative for the quite moderate $\mathscr{E}$. For either Fermi or BE system, the influence of the electric field on the heat capacity is shown to be suppressed with $N$ growing.
«Wo Barmherzigkeit ist, endet das Böse»
Creators: name: Benedikt XVI., Papst
Publisher: name: Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio
Year: 2022

description: Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio, Bd. 45 Nr. 3 (2016): Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio, Band 45, Heft 3
Relugolix/Estradiol/Norethisterone (Norethindrone) Acetate: A Review in Symptomatic Uterine Fibroids
Creators: name: Syed, Yahiya Y.
Publisher: name: Adis Journals
Year: 2022
Subjects: Medicine

description: Declarations Funding The preparation of this review was not supported by any external funding. Authorship and Conflict of interest Yahiya Y. Syed is a salaried employee of Adis International Ltd/Springer Nature, and declares no relevant conflicts of interest. All authors contributed to the review and are responsible for the article content. Ethics approval, Consent to participate, Consent to publish, Availability of data and material, Code availability not applicable Additional information about this Adis Drug Review can be found here
 Abstract An oral fixed-dose combination of relugolix/estradiol/norethisterone (also known as norethindrone) acetate ( Ryeqo®; Myfembree ®) has been approved for the management of heavy menstrual bleeding associated with uterine fibroids in the USA and management of moderate to severe symptoms of uterine fibroids in the EU. Relugolix is a gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) receptor antagonist that decreases serum estradiol and progesterone concentrations to postmenopausal levels. The addition of estradiol/norethisterone acetate to relugolix ameliorates relugolix-induced bone loss and hot flush. In the two phase 3 LIBERTY trials, relugolix + estradiol/norethisterone substantially decreased menstrual bleeding and improved a range of other uterine fibroid symptoms in women with uterine fibroids-associated heavy menstrual bleeding. The combination was generally well tolerated, with vasomotor symptoms being the most common adverse reaction. Treatment with this combination for over up to 2 years did not induce a clinically meaningful bone loss in the majority of women. Relugolix/estradiol/norethisterone acetate, with its convenient once-daily administration, is a useful addition to current pharmacological treatment options for premenopausal women with symptomatic uterine fibroids. © Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2022
408. Obinutuzumab as Treatment for ANCA-Associated Vasculitis
Creators: name: Amudala1, Naomi
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Vasculitis
ANCA
Abstracts
Giant Cell Arthritis
MPA
GPA
EGPA
Takayasu
IgA vasculitis

description: Background/Objectives: Rituximab is a standard of care therapy for patients with ANCA-associated vasculitis. When rituximab is contraindicated, or in the case of refractory disease, other treatments are needed. Obinutuzumab is another anti-CD20 antibody for the treatment of hematologic malignancies that may induce a deeper B-cell depletion compared to rituximab. Presented here is a series of three cases of patients with ANCA-associated vasculitis who were treated with obinutuzumab due to their history of anaphylactic reactions to rituximab. Methods: Case series of three patients with ANCA-associated vasculitis treated with obinutuzumab. Results: One female patient with microscopic polyangiitis and two male patients with granulomatosis with polyangiitis received obinutuzumab. The treatment was well-tolerated in all patients despite previous anaphylactic reaction to rituximab. Obinutuzumab was effective in i) inducing disease remission, ii) causing total B-cell depletion, and iii) resulting in undetectable serum titers of ANCA. All three patients were retreated with obinutuzumab for maintenance of remission. Conclusions: Rituximab is the standard of care for treatment of ANCA-associated vasculitis. However, these three cases support the use of obinutuzumab as an alternative to rituximab for treatment of ANCA-associated vasculitis. Obinutuzumab offered the option of giving a chemically dissimilar CD20 depleting agent with the expectation that it would be as efficacious as rituximab for ANCA-associated vasculitis without the risk of an allergic response in these patients and without the need to try a desensitizing regimen for rituximab. Because obinutuzumab is considered to result in a more profound and longer-lasting depletion of total body B cell population, it is theoretically possible that use of this drug might provide better control of vasculitis than rituximab. Prospective studies comparing rituximab to obinutuzumab in ANCA-associated vasculitis patients are warranted. Disclosures: CL reports honoraria from Bristol Myers Squibb and research grants from Bristol Myers Squibb, GlaxoSmithKline, and Genentech. AG Consulting: Aurinia pharmaceuticals, GSK, ValenzaBio, Horizon Therapeutic and Alnylam, Educational grant funding: Kaneka Medical America and Aurinia Pharmaceuticals, Research Support Travere Therapeutics. PM reports Consulting: AbbVie, AstraZeneca, Boeringher-Ingelheim, Bristol-Myers Squibb, ChemoCentryx, CSL Behring, Dynacure, EMDSerono, Forbius, Genentech/Roche, Genzyme/Sanofi, GlaxoSmithKline, InflaRx, Jannsen, Kiniksa, Kyverna, Magenta, MiroBio, Neutrolis, Novartis, Pfizer, Sparrow, Takeda, Talaris. Research Support: AbbVie, AstraZeneca, Boeringher-Ingelheim, Bristol-Myers Squibb, ChemoCentryx, Eicos, Forbius, Genentech/Roche, Genzyme/Sanofi, GlaxoSmithKline, InflaRx, Sanofi, Takeda. Royalties: UpToDate.
Raman scattering and anomalous current algebra in Mott insulators
Creators: name: Khveshchenko, D.
name: Wiegmann, P.B.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1994

description: We present a theory of large shift Raman scattering in Mott insulators and show that inelastic light scattering provides information about electronic current algebra. We argue that the recent experiment where a new excitation below the optical absorption threshold was observed in crossed polarizations gives evidence of anomalous terms in the current alegebra. We show that it suggests there exists an exciton bound state with a topological magnetic excitation with odd parity with respect to a spatial reflection.
Structure and Evolution of Magnetic Fields Associated with Solar Eruptions (Invited Review)
Creators: name: Wang, Haimin
name: Liu, Chang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper reviews the studies of solar photospheric magnetic field evolution in active regions and its relationship to solar flares. It is divided into two topics, the magnetic structure and evolution leading to solar eruptions and the rapid changes of photospheric magnetic field associated with eruptions. For the first topic, we describe the magnetic complexity, new flux emergence, flux cancellation, shear motions, sunspot rotation, and magnetic helicity injection, which may all contribute to the storage and buildup of energy and triggering of solar eruptions. For the second topic, we concentrate on the observations of rapid and irreversible changes of photospheric magnetic field associated with flares, and the implication on the restructuring of three-dimensional magnetic field. In particular, we emphasize the recent advances in observations of photospheric magnetic field, as state-of-the-art observing facilities (such as Hinode and Solar Dynamic Observatory) become available. The linkage between observations and theories and future prospectives in this research area are also discussed.
Exact and broken symmetries in a hydrodynamical description of chiral spin states
Creators: name: Khveshchenko, D.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1993

description: Following the procedure recently proposed by Wiegmann, we improve his analysis and derive a complete effective Lagrangian describing long-wavelength fluctuations around hypothetical three-dimensional (3D) and 2D chiral states of Heisenberg spin systems. We study realizations of the previously proposed high symmetry group of the continuous theory [SO(3,1)×SU(2)×U(1) in 3D and SO(2,1)×Uc(1)×Us(1) in 2D] and observe that, in general, Lorentz symmetry is broken already in the bare Lagrangian, although it could be restored after a renormalization. In contrast to the conjectures made by Wiegmann, an additional non-Abelian SU(2) gauge symmetry expected in 3D (and its Abelian counterpart in 2D) are, in fact destroyed due to a spontaneous parity violation in chiral ground states.
A probabilistic view of wave-particle duality for single photons
Creators: name: Aiello, Andrea
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: One of the most puzzling consequences of interpreting quantum mechanics in terms of concepts borrowed from classical physics, is the so-called wave-particle duality. Usually, wave-particle duality is illustrated in terms of complementarity between path distinguishability and fringe visibility in interference experiments. In this work, we instead propose a new type of complementarity, that between the continuous nature of waves and the discrete character of particles. Using the probabilistic methods of quantum field theory, we show that the simultaneous measurement of the wave amplitude and the number of photons in the same beam of light is, under certain circumstances, prohibited by the laws of quantum mechanics. Our results suggest that the concept of ``interferometric duality'' could be eventually replaced by the more general one of ``continuous-discrete duality''.
description: Main text: 16 pages, 5 figures. Four appendices. v4: version accepted by Quantum
Nonlinear dynamics of the ion Weibel-filamentation instability: an analytical model for the evolution of the plasma and spectral properties
Creators: name: Ruyer, C.
name: Gremillet, L.
name: Debayle, A.
name: Bonnaud, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a predictive model of the nonlinear phase of the Weibel instability induced by two symmetric, counter-streaming ion beams in the non-relativistic regime. This self-consistent model combines the quasilinear kinetic theory of Davidson et al. [Phys. Fluids 15, 317 (1972)] with a simple description of current filament coalescence. It allows us to follow the evolution of the ion parameters up to a stage close to complete isotropization, and is thus of prime interest to understand the dynamics of collisionless shock formation. Its predictions are supported by 2-D and 3-D particle-in-cell simulations of the ion Weibel instability. The derived approximate analytical solutions reveal the various dependencies of the ion relaxation to isotropy. In particular, it is found that the influence of the electron screening can affect the results of simulations using an unphysical electron mass.
description: Accepted for publication in Phys. Plasmas
407. A case of propylthiouracil-induced agranulocytosis and antineutrophil antibody-associated vasculitis
Creators: name: Sonja Golubović1, 2
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Vasculitis
ANCA
Abstracts
Giant Cell Arthritis
MPA
GPA
EGPA
Takayasu
IgA vasculitis

description: Presentation of Case: This case report presents a patient who experienced agranulocytosis, followed by the onset of ANCA-associated vasculitis, as an adverse effect of propylthiouracil treatment. Even though propylthiouracil is one of the most commonly identified drugs to induce ANCA-associated vascultis, the exact underlying pathogenic mechanism remains to be explained. A 61-year old female patient, previously diagnosed with Graves’ disease, presented to the Department of Endocrinology with a short history of fever, chills and throat pain. The treatment with propylthiouracil was introduced two weeks prior to the admission. Diagnostic Testing: Initial investigation revealed a low neutrophil count of 0.04 × 109/L and white cell count of 0.51 × 109/L, whilst the red blood line parameters were in range. Biochemistry was normal, with preserved liver and kidney function. Chest radiography identified a basal right sided pneumonia. Elevation of serum level of inflammatory markers was identified, with a severely low TSH level. The course of treatment was further complicated by the occurrence of a generalized annular exanthematous rash and recurrent fever. Further testing was performed, microbiological results came back negative, however immunological findings showed positive ANCAs with MPO positivity. Differential & Final Diagnosis: Suspicion was raised towards an ANCA positive vasculitis as an adverse effect of propylthiouracil treatment, and was confirmed once the immunological testing came back positive. Discussion of Management: Propylthiouracil was immediately discontinued, and initial treatment included broad spectrum antibiotics based on empirical experience for community-acquired pneumonia together with graulocyte-colony stimulating factor; Lugol’s solution and methylprednisolone were initiated, with a gradual escalation of methylprednisolone dosage, which ultimately led to the resolution of the rash. Primary hypothyroidism was eventually treated surgically. Conclusions: This case report not only emphasizes the prompt discontinuation of propylthiouracil in drug induced agranulocytosis and ANCA-associated vasculitis, but also sheds a light on the possible mutual pathogenic mechanism which leads to this rare, and sometimes fatal condition. Disclosures: None
Neuro-symbolic Rule Learning in Real-world Classification Tasks
Creators: name: Baugh, Kexin Gu
name: Cingillioglu, Nuri
name: Russo, Alessandra
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Neuro-symbolic rule learning has attracted lots of attention as it offers better interpretability than pure neural models and scales better than symbolic rule learning. A recent approach named pix2rule proposes a neural Disjunctive Normal Form (neural DNF) module to learn symbolic rules with feed-forward layers. Although proved to be effective in synthetic binary classification, pix2rule has not been applied to more challenging tasks such as multi-label and multi-class classifications over real-world data. In this paper, we address this limitation by extending the neural DNF module to (i) support rule learning in real-world multi-class and multi-label classification tasks, (ii) enforce the symbolic property of mutual exclusivity (i.e. predicting exactly one class) in multi-class classification, and (iii) explore its scalability over large inputs and outputs. We train a vanilla neural DNF model similar to pix2rule's neural DNF module for multi-label classification, and we propose a novel extended model called neural DNF-EO (Exactly One) which enforces mutual exclusivity in multi-class classification. We evaluate the classification performance, scalability and interpretability of our neural DNF-based models, and compare them against pure neural models and a state-of-the-art symbolic rule learner named FastLAS. We demonstrate that our neural DNF-based models perform similarly to neural networks, but provide better interpretability by enabling the extraction of logical rules. Our models also scale well when the rule search space grows in size, in contrast to FastLAS, which fails to learn in multi-class classification tasks with 200 classes and in all multi-label settings.
description: Accepted at AAAI-MAKE 2023
On the Spiral Roll State in Heat Convection between Non-Rotating Concentric Double Spherical Boundaries
Creators: name: Ninomiya, Takahiro
name: Konno, Keito
name: Sugihara-Seki, Masako
name: Itano, Tomoaki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The single-arm spiral roll state in the system of Boussinesq fluid confined between non-rotating double concentric spherical boundaries with an opposing temperature gradient previously reported by Zhang et al.(Phys. Rev. E, v66, 055203, 2002) has been numerically investigated in detail. It is presented that the state can exist even in a relatively thicker gap rather than that used in our previous reports as a travelling wave solution with a finite constant angular velocity.
Pairing of two-dimensional fermions due to singular interactions
Creators: name: Khveshchenko, D.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1993

description: We study a finite-temperature spectrum renormalization and s-wave pairing instability in a system of fermions with an attractive ''current-current'' interaction mediated by an overdamped mode with a dispersion ω=iΓ-1q2+η, 0≤η≤1. It generalizes the case of a transverse gauge interaction between spinons in Mott insulators, which drives an instability of a homogeneous resonant valence bond state towards a dimerization.
A baby--Skyrme model with anisotropic DM interaction: Compact skyrmions revisited
Creators: name: Hanada, Funa
name: Sawado, Nobuyuki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a baby--Skyrme model with Dzyaloshinskii--Moriya interaction (DMI) and two types of potential terms. The model has a close connection with the vacuum functional of fermions coupled with $O(3)$ nonlinear $\bm{n}$-fields and with a constant $SU(2)$ gauge background. The energy functional is derived from the heat-kernel expansion for the fermion determinant. The model possesses normal skyrmions with topological charge $Q = 1$. The restricted version of the model also includes both the weak-compacton case (at the boundary, not continuously differentiable) and genuine-compacton case (continuously differentiable). The model consists of only the Skyrme term, and the DMI provides soliton solutions that are known as \textit{skyrmions without any potential}. The BPS equation in the supersymmetric soliton models implies that the impurity coupling is closely related to the DMI. Therefore, the effect of an exponentially localized DMI is also studied in the present model.
description: 16 pages, 12 figures. New section of the impurity model with two figures added, new appendix added, references updated, and some typos corrected. Version to appear in Nuclear Physics B
406. CAUSES OF HOSPITALIZATION IN BEHÇET SYNDROME
Creators: name: Gulen Hatemi1
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Vasculitis
ANCA
Abstracts
Giant Cell Arthritis
MPA
GPA
EGPA
Takayasu
IgA vasculitis

description: Background/ Objectives: The causes of hospitalization may provide important information on the course of diseases and treatment-related adverse effects. We aimed to determine the causes and outcome of hospitalizations among patients with Behçet Syndrome (BS) in a dedicated centre. Methods: We surveyed hospitalization records in our clinic between January 2002 and December 2019 and identified those with a diagnosis of BS. The records of these patients were reviewed for demographic and clinical features, causes of hospitalization and outcome. We divided hospitalization causes into 2 as being BS related (organ involvement or deterioration) and non-BS related (treatment complication or others). Results: Four-hundred and fourteen BS patients (76% men, mean age 37.4 ±11.6 SD years) were hospitalized for a total of 536 times during 18 years. The median disease duration was 7 (IQR:11) years. Three-hundred and forty-one (64%) patients were using immunosuppressives (IS) with or without corticosteroids (CSs) and 78 (15%) of them were under biologic treatment at the time of hospitalization. The mean duration of hospitalization was 12.7±10.4 SD days. The reasons for hospitalization were directly related to BS in 304 patients (57%) and non-related to BS in 223 (42%). Nine patients were hospitalized for both BS and non-BS related reasons at the same time. The most common reasons were vascular involvement (n=198, 37%) for BS related reasons and infections (n=81, 15%) for non-BS related reasons (Table). Patients hospitalized for BS related causes were younger (34.7±10.6 vs 41.1±12.4, p=0.006), had short mean disease duration (7.1±7.3 vs. 11.6±9.5 years, p<0.001), stayed shorter in the hospital (11.5±8.2 vs 14.1±12.9 days p<0.001) and had less frequent IS±CSs use (59% vs 70%, p=0.01) compared to those with non-BS related hospitalizations. There were no differences between the groups regarding gender distribution (232 M/72 F vs. 166 M/57 F) and use of biologic agents (14% vs 15%). Three patients died during hospitalization. The reasons were malignancy, infection and right heart failure due to pulmonary artery thrombosis and pulmonary hypertension, respectively. Conclusions: Vascular involvement is the leading cause of hospitalization among BS patients, followed by infections. The predominance of men among hospitalized patients underlines the relatively severe course of BS in men. The retrospective design and inclusion of patients who were hospitalized only in the rheumatology unit are limitations of this study. Disclosures: SNE honoraria from UCB Pharma, Roche, Pfizer, and MSD. GH grant/research support from Celgene, honoraria from AbbVie, Celgene, Novartis, and UCB Pharma. YO honoraria from UCB Pharma, Novartis, and Pfizer. VH grant/research support from Celgene, honoraria from AbbVie, Celgene, Novartis, and UCB Pharma
Non-Fermi-liquid behavior in two dimensions due to long-ranged current-current interactions
Creators: name: Hlubina, R.
name: Khveshchenko, D.
name: Rice, T.M.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1993

description: We examine the low-energy behavior of two-dimensional electrons with current-current interactions. The interactions are long range, cannot be screened, and result in anomalies in perturbation theory. In the Hartree-Fock theory, we find an instability of the Landau Fermi-liquid state resulting in ''fermion-condensate'' states with a high degeneracy of levels at the Fermi energy. This degeneracy may be removed to give a Fermi-liquid state with vanishing Fermi velocity. As an example, we investigate further the Fermi-liquid state with the quasiparticle spectrum ε(p)(p-pF)3/2 proposed by Halperin et al. Application of the recent Haldane scheme of bosonization in higher dimensions to this state leads to coupling between bosons, which has the form required for a breakdown of the Landau Fermi-liquid behavior. A generalized form of the Luttinger liquid is obtained.
Optimizing Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces for Short Transmissions: How Detailed Configurations can be Afforded?
Creators: name: Enqvist, Anders
name: Demir, Özlem Tuğfe
name: Cavdar, Cicek
name: Björnson, Emil
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: This paper examines how to minimize the energy consumption of a user equipment (UE) when transmitting short data payloads. The receiving base station (BS) controls a reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS), which requires additional pilot signals to be configured, to improve the channel conditions. The challenge is that the pilot signals increase the energy consumption and must be balanced against energy savings during data transmission. We derive a formula for the energy consumption, including both pilot and data transmission powers and the effects of imperfect channel state information and discrete phase-shifts. To shorten the pilot length, we propose dividing the RIS into subarrays of multiple elements using the same reflection coefficient. The pilot power and subarray size are tuned to the payload length to minimize the energy consumption. Analytical results show that there exists a unique energy-minimizing solution. For small payloads and when the direct path loss between the BS and UE is weak compared to the path loss via the RIS, the solution is using subarrays with many elements and low pilot power and vice versa. The optimal percentage of energy spent on pilot signaling is in the order of 10-40%.
description: 16 pages, 9 figures. This article has been accepted for publication in IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications. This is the author's version which has not been fully edited and content may change prior to final publication. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2303.16625
Particle in a random magnetic field on a plane
Creators: name: Meshkov, S.V.
name: Khveshchenko, D.V.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1993

description: We study the properties of a two-dimensional spinless particle moving in a random magnetic field. This problem arises in the context of a modern theory of strongly correlated systems as well as in the theory of vortex-lines dynamics in high-Tc materials. The problem is investigated with a variety of methods including direct perturbation theory, quasiclassical approximation, the method of an optimal fluctuation, and Monte Carlo simulations. We obtain a shape of the density of states near the unrenormalized lower boundary of the spectrum, a particle mobility, and its diamagnetic orbital susceptibility.
«Wie schön sind die Städte ...»
Creators: name: D'Aboville, Gwenaëlle
Publisher: name: Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio
Year: 2022

description: Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio, Bd. 45 Nr. 2 (2016): Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio, Band 45, Heft 2
Finite Volume at Two-loops in Chiral Perturbation Theory
Creators: name: Bijnens, Johan
name: Rössler, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate the finite volume corrections to meson masses and decay constants in two and three flavour Chiral Perturbation Theory to two-loop order. The analytical results are compared with the existing result for the pion mass in two-flavour ChPT and the partial results for the other quantities. We present numerical results for all quantities.
description: 26 pages, a number of minor misprints corrected
The Higher-Rank Askey-Wilson Algebra and Its Braid Group Automorphisms
Creators: name: Crampé, Nicolas
name: Frappat, Luc
name: d'Andecy, Loïc Poulain
name: Ragoucy, Eric
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a definition by generators and relations of the rank $n-2$ Askey-Wilson algebra $\mathfrak{aw}(n)$ for any integer $n$, generalising the known presentation for the usual case $n=3$. The generators are indexed by connected subsets of $\{1,\dots,n\}$ and the simple and rather small set of defining relations is directly inspired from the known case of $n=3$. Our first main result is to prove the existence of automorphisms of $\mathfrak{aw}(n)$ satisfying the relations of the braid group on $n+1$ strands. We also show the existence of coproduct maps relating the algebras for different values of $n$. An immediate consequence of our approach is that the Askey-Wilson algebra defined here surjects onto the algebra generated by the intermediate Casimir elements in the $n$-fold tensor product of the quantum group ${\rm U}_q(\mathfrak{sl}_2)$ or, equivalently, onto the Kauffman bracket skein algebra of the $(n+1)$-punctured sphere. We also obtain a family of central elements of the Askey-Wilson algebras which are shown, as a direct by-product of our construction, to be sent to $0$ in the realisation in the $n$-fold tensor product of ${\rm U}_q(\mathfrak{sl}_2)$, thereby producing a large number of relations for the algebra generated by the intermediate Casimir elements.
Low-energy properties of two-dimensional fermions with long-range current-current interactions
Creators: name: Stamp, P.C.E.
name: Khveshchenko, D.V.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1993

description: We calculate the one-particle Green function of 2D fermions interacting via a long-range transverse gauge field. Its asymptotic low-energy behavior is found within the eikonal expansion which consistently sums the infrared divergent terms given by "maximally crossed diagrams." Instead of power law corrections to Fermi liquid theory we observe a much stronger singularity which implies a more radical breakdown of Fermi liquid theory than the usual orthogonality catastrophe.
D5.2 Business requirements and fundamentals of the 5G-VINNI Business Layer
Creators: name: Kalogiros, Costas
name: Darzanos, George
name: Stamoulis, George
name: Papakonstantinopoulou, Katia
name: Zois, George
name: Caruso, Giuseppa
name: Hanne-Stine Hallingby
name: Muschamp, Paul
name: Anastasius Gavras
name: Weiss, Maria Barros
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020

description: This document provides a consolidation of the 5G-VINNI business layer requirements and the identification of the associated capabilities leading to the design of a conceptual system supporting business enablement. By following a comprehensive methodology for the definition of the business layer requirements based on the design-thinking approach, the following capabilities were identified as key for any such system to support meaningful system interactions: (i) User Login; (ii) Service Order Management and (iii) Knowledge Repository Management. Each of these capabilities includes a number of sub-capabilities, which are necessary for automated service ordering, provisioning and monitoring, as well as, trust build up.
 Ref. Ares(2020)398653 - 22/01/2020
Impact of antibiotic use on gut microbiome
Creators: name: Khushbu1, Chandralima Baruah2
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Antibiotics are frequently celebrated as miracle drugs, capable of treating once-fatal infections and saving numerous lives. However, their overuse and misuse in humans, animals, and agriculture have serious and frequently ignored repercussions. While the global focus is often on antimicrobial resistance (AMR), a subtler yet profound threat is the disruption antibiotics inflict on the microbiome. This disruption can have far-reaching effects, impacting every organ and function within an organism. As we continue to rely heavily on antibiotics, we risk undermining the very foundation of health. It's time to reassess our relationship with these powerful drugs and consider the full impact of their use. By adopting responsible antibiotic practices, exploring alternative treatments and promoting microbiome-friendly lifestyles, we can protect the delicate balance of microbiome and ensure a healthier future. Ultimately, the story of antibiotics serves as a reminder of the intricate interconnectedness of living organisms and the surroundings. As we move forward, we must prioritize a holistic approach to health, recognizing the subtle yet profound consequences of our actions on the intricate web of life that sustains us.
Fast multiscale galaxy cluster detection with weak lensing: towards a mass-selected sample
Creators: name: Leroy, G.
name: Pires, S.
name: Pratt, G. W.
name: Giocoli, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The sensitivity and wide area reached by ongoing and future wide-field optical surveys allows for the detection of an increasing number of galaxy clusters uniquely through their weak lensing (WL) signal. This motivates the development of new methods to analyse the unprecedented volume of data faster and more efficiently. Here we introduce a new multi-scale WL detection method based on application of wavelet filters to the convergence maps. We compare our results to those obtained from four commonly-used single scale approaches based on the application of aperture mass filters to the shear in real and Fourier space. The method is validated on Euclid-like mocks from the DUSTGRAIN-pathfinder simulations. We introduce a new matching procedure that takes into account the theoretical signal-to-noise of detection by WL and the filter size. We perform a complete analysis of the filters, and a comparison of the purity and the completeness of the resulting detected catalogues. We show that equivalent results are obtained when the detection is undertaken in real and Fourier space, and when the algorithms are applied to the shear and the convergence. We show that the multiscale method applied to the convergence is faster and more efficient at detecting clusters than single scale methods applied to the shear. We obtained an increase of 25% in the number of detections while maintaining the same purity compared to the most up-to-date aperture mass filter. We analyse the detected catalogues and quantify the efficiency of the matching procedure, showing in particular that less than 5% of the detections from the multiscale method can be ascribed to line-of-sight alignments. The method is well-adapted to the more sensitive, wider-area, optical surveys that will be available in the near future, and paves the way to cluster samples that are as near as possible to being selected by total matter content.
description: 24 pages, 13 figures, submitted to A&A
The stock-flow-service nexus: implications for socio-ecological transformations toward sustainability and circularity
Creators: name: Haberl, Helmut
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018

description: Presentation at the Lecture Series „Ressourcenmanagement und Abfallwirtschaft“
 TU Wien, Institut für Wassergüte und Ressourcenmanagement, 3.12.2018.
title: Variable Step Size LMS Adaptive Filters with Delayed Coefficient Updating
Creators: name: Xu, Guixian
Publisher: name: Old Dominion University
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04zjtrb98
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 1996

description: A new approach to delayed LMS adaptive filtering is presented, which uses a variable step size for coefficient updating to increase convergence speed and improve tracking characteristics. The new algorithm, called delayed variable step size LMS (DVLMS), is explained, analyzed, and simulated to experimentally determine performance characteristics. Three different strategies for adjusting the step size are examined, and their performance is compared. Also, simulation results are presented to show that the proposed DVLMS systems provide faster convergence and lower mis-adjustment than previously proposed DLMS systems.
Der verlorene Raum?
Creators: name: Eufinger, Veronika
name: Sellmann, Matthias
Publisher: name: Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio
Year: 2022

description: Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio, Bd. 45 Nr. 2 (2016): Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio, Band 45, Heft 2
Multilayer graphene, Moiré patterns, grain boundaries and defects identified by scanning tunneling microscopy on the m-plane, non-polar surface of SiC
Creators: name: Xu, P.
name: Qi, D.
name: Schoelz, J. K.
name: Thompson, J.
name: Thibado, P. M.
name: Wheeler, V. D.
name: Nyakiti, L. O.
name: Myers-Ward, R. L.
name: Eddy, C. R.
name: Gaskill, D. K.
name: Neek-Amal, M.
name: Peeters, F. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Epitaxial graphene is grown on a non-polar n+ 6H-SiC m-plane substrate and studied using atomic scale scanning tunneling microscopy. Multilayer graphene is found throughout the surface and exhibits rotational disorder. Moiré patterns of different spatial periodicities are found, and we found that as the wavelength increases, so does the amplitude of the modulations. This relationship reveals information about the interplay between the energy required to bend graphene and the interaction energy, i.e. van der Waals energy, with the graphene layer below. Our experiments are supported by theoretical calculations which predict that the membrane topographical amplitude scales with the Moiré pattern wavelength, L as L^-1 + αL^-2.
description: 20 pages, 5 figures
Evaluating Large Language Models on a Highly-specialized Topic, Radiation Oncology Physics
Creators: name: Holmes, Jason
name: Liu, Zhengliang
name: Zhang, Lian
name: Ding, Yuzhen
name: Sio, Terence T.
name: McGee, Lisa A.
name: Ashman, Jonathan B.
name: Li, Xiang
name: Liu, Tianming
name: Shen, Jiajian
name: Liu, Wei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Physics Education (physics.ed-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We present the first study to investigate Large Language Models (LLMs) in answering radiation oncology physics questions. Because popular exams like AP Physics, LSAT, and GRE have large test-taker populations and ample test preparation resources in circulation, they may not allow for accurately assessing the true potential of LLMs. This paper proposes evaluating LLMs on a highly-specialized topic, radiation oncology physics, which may be more pertinent to scientific and medical communities in addition to being a valuable benchmark of LLMs. We developed an exam consisting of 100 radiation oncology physics questions based on our expertise at Mayo Clinic. Four LLMs, ChatGPT (GPT-3.5), ChatGPT (GPT-4), Bard (LaMDA), and BLOOMZ, were evaluated against medical physicists and non-experts. ChatGPT (GPT-4) outperformed all other LLMs as well as medical physicists, on average. The performance of ChatGPT (GPT-4) was further improved when prompted to explain first, then answer. ChatGPT (GPT-3.5 and GPT-4) showed a high level of consistency in its answer choices across a number of trials, whether correct or incorrect, a characteristic that was not observed in the human test groups. In evaluating ChatGPTs (GPT-4) deductive reasoning ability using a novel approach (substituting the correct answer with "None of the above choices is the correct answer."), ChatGPT (GPT-4) demonstrated surprising accuracy, suggesting the potential presence of an emergent ability. Finally, although ChatGPT (GPT-4) performed well overall, its intrinsic properties did not allow for further improvement when scoring based on a majority vote across trials. In contrast, a team of medical physicists were able to greatly outperform ChatGPT (GPT-4) using a majority vote. This study suggests a great potential for LLMs to work alongside radiation oncology experts as highly knowledgeable assistants.
Effects of non-abelian monopoles in the three-dimensional chiral spin liquid
Creators: name: Khveshchenko, D.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1992

description: We study the effects of SU(2) monopoles occurring in the gauge description of the recently proposed 3D generalization of the 2D commensurate flux phase of the doped Mott insulator. It is shown that the monopole contribution to the spectrum of the abelian gauge field which governs the long wavelength dynamics provides a strong screening of a longitudinal interaction but does not affect a transverse one. As a result a collective "plasmon" excitation appears in the monopole-antimonopole gas. This effect has some intrinsic similarity with the phenomenon of the Frohlich superconductivity found in 1D Peierls dielectrics.
Glass-Like Random Catalogues for Two-Point Estimates on the Light Cone
Creators: name: Schulz, Sebastian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce grlic, a publicly available Python tool for generating glass-like point distributions with a radial density profile $n(r)$ as it is observed in large-scale surveys of galaxy distributions on the past light cone. Utilising these glass-like catalogues, we assess the bias and variance of the Landy-Szalay (LS) estimator of the first three two-point correlation function (2PCF) multipoles in halo and particle catalogues created with the cosmological N-body code gevolution. Our results demonstrate that the LS estimator calculated with the glass catalogues is biased by less than $10^{-4}$ with respect to the estimate derived from Poisson-sampled random catalogues, for all multipoles considered and on all but the smallest scales. Additionally, the estimates derived from glass-like catalogues exhibit significantly smaller standard deviation $σ$ than estimates based on commonly used Poisson-sampled random catalogues of comparable size. The standard deviation of the estimate depends on a power of the number of objects $N_R$ in the random catalogue; we find a power law $σ\propto N_R^{-0.9}$ for glass-like random catalogues as opposed to $σ\propto N_R^{-0.48}$ using Poisson-sampled random catalogues. Given a required precision, this allows for a much reduced number of objects in the glass-like random catalogues used for the LS estimate of the 2PCF multipoles, significantly reducing the computational costs of each estimate.
description: 16 pages, 14 figures
Thermodynamics of the gauge field theories of the t-J model
Creators: name: Putikka, W.O.
name: Khveshchenko, D.V.
name: Hlubina, R.
name: Rice, T.M.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1992

description: The thermodynamics and stability of the uniform resonating-valence-bond phase of the t-J model are studied using a lattice gauge field formulation. The free energy and entropy of this phase are compared to exact high-temperature expansion results. At the mean-field level the entropy is overestimated roughly by a factor of 2 and the free energy is less than half of the exact result. Including fluctuations of the gauge field in the random-phase approximation improves the free energy and entropy considerably. However, at dopings <0.25 an instability of the uniform phase toward a flux-density-wave phase occurs with the transition temperature higher than ∼0.3J.
Theta vocabulary I
Creators: name: Kharchev, S.
name: Zabrodin, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: This paper is an annotated list of transformation properties and identities satisfied by the four theta functions $θ_1$, $θ_2$, $θ_3$, $θ_4$ of one complex variable, presented in a ready-to-use form. An attempt is made to reveal a pattern behind various identities for the theta-functions. It is shown that all possible 3, 4 and 5-term identities of degree four emerge as algebraic consequences of the six fundamental bilinear 3-term identities connecting the theta-functions with modular parameters $τ$ and $2τ$.
description: 19 pages, minor corrections
Quantum State Engineering with Circuit Electromechanical Three-Body Interactions
Creators: name: Abdi, Mehdi
name: Pernpeintner, Matthias
name: Gross, Rudolf
name: Huebl, Hans
name: Hartmann, Michael J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a hybrid system with quantum mechanical three-body interactions between photons, phonons, and qubit excitations. These interactions take place in a circuit quantum electrodynamical architecture with a superconducting microwave resonator coupled to a transmon qubit whose shunt capacitance is free to mechanically oscillate. We show that this system design features a three-mode polariton--mechanical mode and a nonlinear transmon--mechanical mode interaction in the strong coupling regime. Together with the strong resonator--transmon interaction, these properties provide intriguing opportunities for manipulations of this hybrid quantum system. We show, in particular, the feasibility of cooling the mechanical motion down to its ground state and preparing various nonclassical states including mechanical Fock and cat states and hybrid tripartite entangled states.
description: 5+5 pages, 4+3 figures. To appear in Physical Review Letters
Physical realization of the parity anomaly and quantum hall effect
Creators: name: Khveshchenko, D.
name: Wiegmann, P.B.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1989

description: We present the lattice version of the anomalous Dirac operator in (2+1) dimensions. This version is associated with a group of magnetic translations rather than translations. This group naturally provided homologically nontrivial fiber bundles, the first Chern class of which is directly related with the number of zero modes and spectral asymmetry of the Dirac operator. The results are in agreement with the lattice fermions doubling phenomenon. The relation of the parity anomaly in (2+1) and the Hall effect is elucidated.