Quindina sanantonio Betancourt-Caicedo & Pinto-da-Rocha & Cabra-García 2024, sp. n.
Creators: name: Betancourt-Caicedo, Alejandro
name: Vásquez-Ordóñez, Aymer Andrés
name: Pinto-da-Rocha, Ricardo
name: Cabra-García, Jimmy
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Opiliones
Nomoclastidae
Quindina
Quindina sanantonio

description: Quindina sanantonio Betancourt-Caicedo, Pinto-da-Rocha, and Cabra-García
sp. n.
(Figures 1–2, 4, 7–10)
Etymology
The species epithet is a noun in apposition in reference to the type locality.
Type material
Holotype (MUSENUV-Ar-2240), adult male: Colombia, Valle del Cauca Department, Municipality of Santiago de Cali, San Antonio Forest (3.490°N, 76.628°W; 2150 m elevation), 20 November 2021, Aymer Andrés Vásquez-Ordóñez leg. Paratypes: 2 ♂ (MUSENUV-Ar-2241-2242), 1 ♂ (ICN-AO-1971) and 1 ♂ (MZSP-78900), same data as the holotype. 2 ♀ (MUSENUV-Ar-2247-2248), same locality data as the holotype, 10 September 2022, Alejandro Betancourt; Sebastian Forero; Ricardo Pinto da Rocha, and Jimmy Cabra García leg.
Diagnosis
Carapace with two olive-green patches behind the ocularium (Figure 1 (A, D)). Lateral margins with an olive-green patch near the posterior margin (Figure 1 (A, C, D, F)). Olive-green patches on the lateral portion of areas II and III extended to the posterior margin of area III, almost joining medially (Figure 1 (A, C, D, F)). Medial part of free tergites with a pair of olive-green patches (Figure 1 (A, D)). Distal metatarsus I not swollen in the male (Figure 2 (D)). Dorsal apex of coxa IV with a large white patch (Figures 1 (A, C, D, F), 2(A)). Penis with VP trapezoidal, seemingly glabrous, with no obvious microsetae, two pairs of MS-E on its dorsolateral margin and stylus short (Figure 4 (A–C)).
Comparisons
Similar to Q. bella, Q. bimaculata, Q. discolor, Q. hermesi, Q. marginata and Q. horologium sp. n. due to the lack of enlarged tubercles on the posterior lateral margins of dorsal scutum. It differs from the latter species by the presence of olive-green patches near posterior margin, on the lateral portion of areas II and III, and on the medial portion of free tergites.
Description
Male holotype (MUSENUV-Ar-2240)
Measurements. CL: 1.25; CW: 2.18; DSL: 2.80; DSW: 2.53; Fe: 2.50, 5.75, 4.45, 5.75; Pa: 0.50, 0.95, 0.90, 1.00; Ti: 1.40, 4.20, 2.25, 3.25; Mt: 2.70, 6.85, 3.90, 5.95. Variation in male measurements: Table 1.
Colour in ethanol. (Figure 1 (A–C)) Dorsal scutum dark brown on pale yellow background. For a description of the distribution of olive-green patches on the dorsal scutum, see the species diagnosis. Chelicerae, pedipalps and trochanters I–IV reticulated brownish black on pale yellow background. Dorsal apex of coxa IV with a large white patch.
Dorsum. (Figures 1 (A), 2(A)) Dorsal scutum β type, anterior margin with three tubercles on each half. Ocularium with median depression, with six tubercles near each eye. Prosoma with several small setiferous tubercles, scattered behind the ocularium. The lateral margins of dorsal scutum with numerous tubercles, arranged in three irregular rows, from the middle region of coxa II to the posterior margin. Sulci of dorsal scutum well marked. Area I divided, with 37–41 small tubercules on each half. Area II with 21–22 small tubercles on each half. Area III with one pair of high and sharp spines, which become thinner and lustrous towards their distal halves. Each spine has several small setiferous tubercles on its entire surface. Area IV divided, with one small setiferous tubercle on each half. Posterior margin of dorsal scutum with a row of small setiferous tubercles, and a pair of median olive-green patches confluent with free tergites I and II. Free tergites I–II with a row of small setiferous tubercles; III with two large tubercles and a row of small tubercles. Anal operculum with small, scattered tubercles.
Abbreviations: CL = carapace length, CW = carapace width, DSL = dorsal scutum length, DSW = dorsal scutum width, Fe = femur length, Ti = tibia length, N = number of specimens measured.
Venter. Cx I with several scattered small tubercles in the anterior and lateral margins; Cx II–III with a median row of tubercles.
Chelicerae. (Figure 2 (E)) Basal segment with one large ventral tubercle and three small setiferous tubercles (margin of bulla median, ectal corner and anterolateral). Cheliceral fingers with four teeth each.
Pedipalps. (Figure 2 (C)) Cx with two ventral tubercles, Tr with two ventral, and two dorsal tubercles; Fe with two ventral tubercles (one subproximal, one submedian) and one mesal subdistal setiferous tubercle; Ti mesal IiIi, ectal IIi; Ta mesal ectal IiIi.
Legs. Cx I with one anterior and one posterior tubercle, II–III with one anterior tubercle, IV with one dorsoapical tubercle, a few small setiferous tubercles laterally and a large white patch in the dorsal apex (Figures 1 (A), (C–D), (F), 2(A)). Tr I–IV with a few scattered granules. Fe III–IV with one long, spiniform retrodorsal tubercle. Distal metatarsus I swollen. Tarsal formula: 6(3), 18(3), 7, 8.
Penis. (Figure 4 (A–C)) VP trapezoidal, lateral margin with a basal constriction, distal half curved, distal margin truncated, and seemingly glabrous. Microsetae absent. Three pairs of spatulated and apically curved MS C. One pair of spatulated MS A directed towards truncus. One pair of short and conical MS D at the base of VP. Two pairs of MS E on the dorsolateral margin of VP. Glans wide. Stylus short (its length less than twice stylus width), wide apically.
Nest characteristics and parental care. In total, five nests on the sides of a track in the interior of the forest were found (Figures 7–10). All were numbered to facilitate description. Each one had a male on top of it except for one in which the male was prowling on the branch (Figure 8). The nest sites were between 0.70 and 1.50 m above the ground level, in the middle of or near the apex of the leaves on the underside of plants belonging to Helicostylis sp. (Rosales: Moraceae) and an unidentified Fabaceae (Fabales) (Figures 7–8, Tables 2 and 3). Nests #2 and #3 were incomplete, while the rest had semicircular shapes without walls (Figures 7, 9). The nests presented a diameter of 18–30 mm (Table 3). Only in nests #1 and #4 were visible eggs recorded, with 39 and 2 eggs, respectively (Figures 8, 9 and Table 2). In these cases, the egg average diameters were 0.82 mm for nest #1 and 0.64 mm for nest #4. The nests were made of vegetative debris and mud.
SD = standard deviation.
Nest distance was taken from the base of leaf petiole to the edge of the nest.
Female paratype (MUSENUV-Ar-2247)
Measurements. CL: 1.25; CW: 1.87; DSL: 3.05; DSW: 2.62; Fe: 2.50, 6.50, 4.25, 5.95; Pa: 0.60, 1.10, 0.95, 1.20; Ti: 1.40, 4.50, 2.00, 3.25 Mt: 2.75, 6.75, 4.00, 6.00. Variation in female measurements: Table 1. The morphology of the female is similar to that of the male, with a few differences: the chelicerae are slightly smaller and lighter in colour, and the body’s posterior margin is narrower (Figure 1 (D–F)).
Distribution. Recorded in the Colombian department of Valle del Cauca. The locality Bosque de Niebla de San Antonio constitutes an Andean cloud forest (Palacio et al. 2020; Isaacs-Cubides et al. 2021), located in the municipality of Santiago de Cali.
description: Published as part of Betancourt-Caicedo, Alejandro, Vásquez-Ordóñez, Aymer Andrés, Pinto-da-Rocha, Ricardo & Cabra-García, Jimmy, 2024, Two new species of the genus Quindina Roewer, 1914 (Opiliones: Nomoclastidae) from Colombia: phylogenetic relationships and notes on their nest architecture, pp. 1937-1959 in Journal of Natural History 58 (41 - 44) on pages 1941-1945, DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2024.2403562, http://zenodo.org/record/14241481