cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
MicroRNA regulation in blood cells of renal transplanted patients with interstitial fibrosis/tubular atrophy and antibody-mediated rejection
Creators: name: Matz, Mareen
name: Heinrich, Frederik
name: Lorkowski, Christine
name: Wu, Kaiyin
name: Klotsche, Jens
name: Zhang, Qiang
name: Lachmann, Nils
name: Durek, Pawel
name: Budde, Klemens
name: Mashreghi, Mir-Farzin
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: microRNAs
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Interstitial fibrosis/tubular atrophy (IFTA) is associated with reduced allograft survival, whereas antibody-mediated rejection (ABMR) is the major cause for renal allograft failure. To identify specific microRNAs and their regulation involved in these processes, total RNA from blood cells of 16 kidney transplanted (KTx) patients with ABMR, stable graft function (SGF) and with T-cell mediated rejection (TCMR) was isolated. MicroRNA expression was determined by high-throughput sequencing. Differentially expressed candidate microRNAs were analyzed with RT-PCR in patients with SGF (n = 53), urinary tract infection (UTI) (n = 17), borderline rejection (BL) (n = 19), TCMR (n = 40), ABMR (n = 22) and IFTA (n = 30). From the 301 detected microRNAs, 64 were significantly regulated between the three cohorts. Selected candidate microRNAs miR-223-3p, miR-424-3p and miR-145-5p distin-guished TCMR and ABMR from SGF, but not from other pathologies. Most importantly, miR-145-5p expression in IFTA patients was significantly downregulated and displayed a high diagnostic accuracy compared to SGF alone (AUC = 0.891) and compared to SGF, UTI, BL, TCMR and ABMR patients combined (AUC = 0.835), which was verified by cross-validation. The identification of miR-145-5p as IFTA specific marker in blood constitutes the basis for evaluating this potentially diagnostic microRNA as biomarker in studies including high numbers of patients and different pathologies and also the further analysis of fibrosis causing etiologies after kidney transplantation.
Effects of momentum conservation on the analysis of anisotropic flow
Creators: name: Borghini, N.
name: Dinh, P. M.
name: Ollitrault, J. -Y.
name: Poskanzer, A. M.
name: Voloshin, S. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a general method for taking into account correlations due to momentum conservation in the analysis of anisotropic flow, either by using the two-particle correlation method or the standard flow vector method. In the latter, the correlation between the particle and the flow vector is either corrected through a redefinition (shift) of the flow vector, or subtracted explicitly from the observed flow coefficient. In addition, momentum conservation contributes to the reaction plane resolution. Momentum conservation mostly affects the first harmonic in azimuthal distributions, i.e., directed flow. It also modifies higher harmonics, for instance elliptic flow, when they are measured with respect to a first harmonic event plane such as one determined with the standard transverse momentum method. Our method is illustrated by application to NA49 data on pion directed flow.
description: RevTeX 4, 10 pages, 1 eps figure. Version accepted for publication in Phys Rev C
Dairy Products Expenditure Pattern in Vietnam: Effects of Household Characteristics on Expenditure for Dairy Products
Creators: name: Phuong, Nguyen Van
name: Cuong, Tran Huu
name: Mergenthaler, Marcus
name: Phuong, Nguyen Van
name: Cuong, Tran Huu
name: Mergenthaler, Marcus
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: International Development
subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: Dairy products
subject: double-hurdle model
subject: household expenditure
subject: VHLSS
subject: Vietnam

description: In this study, Vietnamese households’ expenditure on dairy products for home consumption is analyzed using the latest Vietnamese Household Living Standard Survey datasets in 2010 (VHLSS 2010). Vietnam is the 20th most important importer of dairy products in the world and it is foreseeable that the demand continues rising. This makes Vietnam a highly potential market for dairy exporting countries and for investors in the dairy industry. The aim of the paper is to analyze the effects of socio-economic and demographic variables on Vietnamese households’ decision to purchase dairy products and how much to spend per capita on these items. A double-hurdle model is estimated to accommodate non-normal and heteroskedastic errors for milk and milk products. The parameter estimates for the demand decision variables are presented in the paper. The results suggest that socio-economic and demographic variables effect household expenditure on dairy products. This may help policy makers to implement policies related to dairy industry, nutrition and food security. The results also are useful for dairy products marketers in planning and developing strategies.
Is Canadian Farmland Overpriced?
Creators: name: Painter, Marvin
name: Painter, Marvin
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: Agricultural Finance
Land Economics/Use

description: Farm lobby groups in Canada have consistently argued that there is a farm income crisis. However, the average net worth of Canadian farm families has been two to three times the average net worth of all families. If farm incomes are so persistently low, how and why do farmers continue to farm and purchase farmland at such high prices? A discounted earning model was employed to estimate farmland value in Canada. The overall conclusion is that there is no strong evidence that Canadian farmland is overpriced, as would be expected from the low levels of net farm income.
Oral health status among newly arrived refugees in Germany: a cross-sectional study
Creators: name: Solyman, Monzer
name: Schmidt-Westhausen, Andrea-Maria
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Oral health
subject: Refugees
subject: Decayed
subject: missing and filled teeth index
subject: Knowledge
subject: attitude and practice survey
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Background: The objectives of this study were to determine the status of oral health among newly arrived refugees in Germany and to explore their knowledge, attitude and practices on oral hygiene. Methods: All participants (n = 386) were adults, 18-60 years of age, coming from Syria and Iraq and registered as refugees in Germany within one year prior to the enrollment in the study. Clinical oral assessments in addition to a survey on knowledge, attitude and practice were carried out. The survey was conducted through a questionnaire translated into Arabic. Results: Eighty seven point 5 % of the participants had untreated caries. The mean DMFT score was 6.38 with DT, MT and FT showing mean scores of 4.00, 1.46 and 0.92 respectively. Seventy nine percent had bacterial plaque in all six sextants, 60 % had calculus in at least three sextants and 6 % showed various magnitudes of enamel fluorosis. DMFT score was significantly associated with age (Regression Coefficient 0.031, P-value <0.001) and with education (Regression Coefficient - 0.019, P-value 0.037) and females had significantly less missing teeth (Regression Coefficient-0.398, P-value 0.001) compared to males. The participants had in general high levels of knowledge and attitude on oral hygiene. The findings however showed a gap between their knowledge and practice. Conclusions: The findings show high prevalence of untreated caries and poor oral hygiene among newly arrived refugees in Germany. The study recommends to lay emphasis on motivation in oral health promotion campaigns among refugees and to provide them with adequate guidance, preferably in their native language, on how to access oral health care in the host country.
Giant proximity exchange and valley splitting in transition metal dichalcogenide/$h\mathrm{BN}$/(Co, Ni) heterostructures
Creators: name: Zollner, Klaus
name: Junior, Paulo E. Faria
name: Fabian, Jaroslav
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the proximity-induced exchange coupling in transition-metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs), originating from spin injector geometries composed of hexagonal boron-nitride (hBN) and ferromagnetic (FM) cobalt (Co) or nickel (Ni), from first-principles. We employ a minimal tight-binding Hamiltonian that captures the low energy bands of the TMDCs around K and K' valleys, to extract orbital, spin-orbit, and exchange parameters. The TMDC/hBN/FM heterostructure calculations show that due to the hBN buffer layer, the band structure of the TMDC is preserved, with an additional proximity-induced exchange splitting in the bands. We extract proximity exchange parameters in the 1--10 meV range, depending on the FM. The combination of proximity-induced exchange and intrinsic spin-orbit coupling (SOC) of the TMDCs, leads to a valley polarization, translating into magnetic exchange fields of tens of Tesla. The extracted parameters are useful for subsequent exciton calculations of TMDCs in the presence of a hBN/FM spin injector. Our calculated absorption spectra show large splittings for the exciton peaks; in the case of MoS$_2$/hBN/Co we find a value of about 8 meV, corresponding to about 50 Tesla external magnetic field in bare TMDCs. The reason lies in the band structure, where a hybridization with Co $d$ orbitals causes a giant valence band exchange splitting of more than 10 meV. Structures with Ni do not show any $d$ level hybridization features, but still sizeable proximity exchange and exciton peak splittings of around 2 meV are present in the TMDCs.
description: 13 pages, 9 figures, 5 tables
On first-arrival-time distributions for a Dirac electron in 1+1 dimensions
Creators: name: Alonso, D.
name: Mayato, R. Sala
name: Leavens, C. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: For the special case of freely evolving Dirac electrons in $1 + 1$ dimensions, Feynman checkerboard paths have previously been used to derive Wigner's arrival-time distribution which includes all arrivals. Here, an attempt is made to use these paths to determine the corresponding distribution of first-arrival times. Simple analytic expressions are obtained for the relevant components of the first-arrival propagator. These are used to investigate the relative importance of the first-arrival contribution to the Wigner arrival-time distribution and of the contribution arising from interference between first and later (i.e. second, third, ...) arrivals. It is found that a distribution of (intrinsic) first-arrival times for a Dirac electron cannot in general be consistently defined using checkerboard paths, not even approximately in the nonrelativistic regime.
description: 12 pages, 7 figures, (revtex4)
Three-body problem in Fermi gases with short-range interparticle interaction
Creators: name: Petrov, D. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss 3-body processes in ultracold two-component Fermi gases with short-range intercomponent interaction characterized by a large and positive scattering length $a$. It is found that in most cases the probability of 3-body recombination is a universal function of the mass ratio and $a$, and is independent of short-range physics. We also calculate the scattering length corresponding to the atom-dimer interaction.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures
Quantum Chaos at Finite Temperature - a New Approach via the Quantum Action
Creators: name: Caron, L. A.
name: Jirari, H.
name: Kröger, H.
name: Luo, X. Q.
name: Melkonyan, G.
name: Moriarty, K. J. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We address the problem of quantum chaos: Is there a rigorous, physically meaningful definition of chaos in quantum physics? Can the tools of classical chaos theory, like Lyapunov exponents, Poincaré sections etc. be carried over to quantum systems? Can quantitative predictions be made? We show that the recently proposed quantum action is well suited to answer those questions. As an example we study chaotic behavior of the 2-D anharmonic oscillator and compare classical with quantum chaos. Moreover, we study quantum chaos as function of temperature (the classical system can be considered as the limit where temperature goes to infinity).
description: talk given by H. Kr\"{o}ger at ICSSUR, Boston. Text (LaTeX), 5 Figs. (ps)
Separating the Intrinsic Alignment Signal and the Lensing Signal using Self-Calibration in Photo-z Surveys with KiDS450 and KV450 Data
Creators: name: Yao, Ji
name: Pedersen, Eske M.
name: Ishak, Mustapha
name: Zhang, Pengjie
name: Agashe, Anish
name: Xu, Haojie
name: Shan, Huanyuan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: To reach the full potential for the next generation of weak lensing surveys, it is necessary to mitigate the contamination of intrinsic alignments (IA) of galaxies in the observed cosmic shear signal. The self calibration (SC) of intrinsic alignments provides an independent method to measure the IA signal from the survey data and the photometric redshift information. It operates differently from the marginalization method based on IA modeling. In this work, we present the first application of SC to the KiDS450 data and the KV450 data, to split directly the intrinsic shape - galaxy density (Ig) correlation signal and the gravitational shear - galaxy density (Gg) correlation signal, using the information from photometric redshift (photo-z). We achieved a clear separation of the two signals and performed several validation tests. Our measured signals are found to be in general agreement with the KiDS450 cosmic shear best-fit cosmology, for both lensing and IA measurements. For KV450, we use partial (high-z) data, and our lensing measurements are also in good agreement with KV450 cosmic shear best-fit, however, our IA signal suggests a larger IA amplitude. We discussed the impact of photo-z quality on IA detection and several other potential systematic biases. Finally, we discuss the potential application of the information extracted for both the lensing signal and the IA signal in future surveys.
description: revision, 15 figures, accepted by MNRAS
Pulse-mode quantum projection synthesis: Effects of mode mismatch on optical state truncation and preparation
Creators: name: Ozdemir, Sahin Kaya
name: Miranowicz, Adam
name: Koashi, Masato
name: Imoto, Nobuyuki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum projection synthesis can be used for phase-probability-distribution measurement, optical-state truncation and preparation. The method relies on interfering optical lights, which is a major challenge in experiments performed by pulsed light sources. In the pulsed regime, the time frequency overlap of the interfering lights plays a crucial role on the efficiency of the method when they have different mode structures. In this paper, the pulsed mode projection synthesis is developed, the mode structure of interfering lights are characterized and the effect of this overlap (or mode match) on the fidelity of optical-state truncation and preparation is investigated. By introducing the positive-operator-valued measure (POVM) for the detection events in the scheme, the effect of mode mismatch between the photon-counting detectors and the incident lights are also presented.
description: 11 pages, 4 figures, submitted to Phys. Rev. A
Prevalence and characteristics of neonatal comfort care patients: A single-center, 5-year, retrospective, observational study
Creators: name: Garten, Lars
name: Ohlig, Sjoukje
name: Metze, Boris
name: Bührer, Christoph
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: newborn
subject: end-of-life care
subject: palliative care
subject: life-limiting
subject: neonatal comfort care
subject: circumstances of death
subject: transition to home
subject: NICU
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Objective: To investigate the prevalence and characteristics of neonates with life-limiting or life-threatening conditions who receive care focused exclusively on comfort. Methods: Retrospective chart review of all newborn infants admitted to a level III perinatal center within a 5 year period. Results: 1,777 of 9,878 infants (18.0%) had life-limiting or life-threatening conditions. 149 (1.5% of all neonates) were categorized as comfort care patients with death being anticipated within hours to weeks. 34.2% of comfort care patients suffered from conditions specific to the neonatal period, 28.9% were preterm infants at the limit of viability, and 22.8% were patients with congenital complex chronic conditions. In 80.5% of all comfort care patients treatment goals were re-directed toward a comfort-care-only regimen only once that life-prolonging therapies were demonstrated to be unhelpful. 136/149 comfort care patients (91.3%) died in hospital, while 13 (8.7%) were discharged home or into a hospice. Median age at death for comfort care patients was 3 days after birth (interquartile range 1-15.5 days), and delivery room death immediately after birth occurred in 37 patients (27.2%). Conclusions: The vast majority of neonatal comfort care patients died in the hospital during the first week of life. However, almost one in 10 comfort care patients were discharged to home or hospice, suggesting that planning transition out of the NICU should be routinely discussed for all infants receiving comfort care.
AGNs at the cosmic dawn: predictions for future surveys from a $Λ$CDM cosmological model
Creators: name: Griffin, Andrew J.
name: Lacey, Cedric G.
name: Gonzalez-Perez, Violeta
name: Lagos, Claudia del P.
name: Baugh, Carlton M.
name: Fanidakis, Nikos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Telescopes to be launched over the next decade-and-a-half, such as JWST, EUCLID, ATHENA and Lynx, promise to revolutionise the study of the high redshift Universe and greatly advance our understanding of the early stages of galaxy formation. We use a model that follows the evolution of the masses and spins of supermassive black holes (SMBHs) within a semi-analytic model of galaxy formation to make predictions for the Active Galactic Nucleus (AGN) luminosity function at $z\geq7$ in the broadband filters of JWST and EUCLID at near-infrared wavelengths, and ATHENA and Lynx at X-ray energies. The predictions of our model are relatively insensitive to the choice of seed black hole mass, except at the lowest luminosities ($L_{\mathrm{bol}}<10^{43}\mathrm{ergs^{-1}}$) and the highest redshifts ($z>10$). We predict that surveys with these different telescopes will select somewhat different samples of SMBHs, with EUCLID unveiling the most massive, highest accretion rate SMBHs, Lynx the least massive, lowest accretion rate SMBHs, and JWST and ATHENA covering objects inbetween. At $z=7$, we predict that typical detectable SMBHs will have masses, $M_{\mathrm{BH}}\sim10^{5-8}M_{\odot}$, and Eddington normalised mass accretion rates, $\dot{M}/\dot{M}_{\mathrm{Edd}}\sim0.6-2$. The SMBHs will be hosted by galaxies of stellar mass $M_{\star}\sim10^{8-10}M_{\odot}$, and dark matter haloes of mass $M_{\mathrm{halo}}\sim10^{11-12}M_{\odot}$. We predict that the detectable SMBHs at $z=10$ will have slightly smaller black holes, accreting at slightly higher Eddington normalised mass accretion rates, in slightly lower mass host galaxies compared to those at $z=7$, and reside in haloes of mass $M_{\mathrm{halo}}\sim10^{10-11}M_{\odot}$.
description: MNRAS submitted. This is the second paper from a paper that has been split in two
Targeting proinflammatory cytokines ameliorates calcifying phenotype conversion of vascular progenitors under uremic conditions in vitro
Creators: name: Hegner, Björn
name: Schaub, Theres
name: Janke, Daniel
name: Zickler, Daniel
name: Lange, Claudia
name: Girndt, Matthias
name: Jankowski, Joachim
name: Schindler, Ralf
name: Dragun, Duska
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: uremic microenvironment
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Severe vascular calcification develops almost invariably in chronic kidney patients posing a substantial risk to quality of life and survival. This unmet medical need demands identification of novel therapeutic modalities. We aimed to pinpoint components of the uremic microenvironment triggering differentiation of vascular progenitors to calcifying osteoblast-like cells. In an unbiased approach, assessing the individual potency of 63 uremic retention solutes to enhance calcific phenotype conversion of vascular progenitor cells, the pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1 beta and TNF-alpha were identified as the strongest inducers followed by FGF-2, and PTH. Pharmacologic targeting of these molecules alone or in combination additively antagonized pro-calcifying properties of sera from uremic patients. Our findings stress the importance of pro-inflammatory cytokines above other characteristic components of the uremic microenvironment as key mediators of calcifying osteoblastic differentiation in vascular progenitors. Belonging to the group of "middle-sized molecules", they are neither effectively removed by conventional dialysis nor influenced by established supportive therapies. Specific pharmacologic interventions or novel extracorporeal approaches may help preserve regenerative capacity and control vascular calcification due to uremic environment.
Optical Traps for sympathetic Cooling of Ions with ultracold neutral Atoms
Creators: name: Schmidt, J.
name: Weckesser, P.
name: Thielemann, F.
name: Schaetz, T.
name: Karpa, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the trapping of ultracold neutral $ \text{Rb}$ atoms and $ \text{Ba}^+ $ ions in a common optical potential in absence of any radiofrequency (RF) fields. We prepare $ \text{Ba}^+ $ at $ 370 ~ μK $ and demonstrate efficient sympathetic cooling by $100 ~ μK $ after one collision. Our approach is currently limited by the $ \text{Rb}$ density and related three-body losses, but it overcomes the fundamental limitation in RF traps set by RF-driven, micromotion-induced heating. It is applicable to a wide range of ion-atom species, and may enable novel ultracold chemistry experiments and complex many-body dynamics.
Conformal field theory of the Flory model of polymer melting
Creators: name: Jacobsen, Jesper Lykke
name: Kondev, Jane'
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the scaling limit of a fully packed loop model in two dimensions, where the loops are endowed with a bending rigidity. The scaling limit is described by a three-parameter family of conformal field theories, which we characterize via its Coulomb-gas representation. One choice for two of the three parameters reproduces the critical line of the exactly solvable six-vertex model, while another corresponds to the Flory model of polymer melting. Exact central charge and critical exponents are calculated for polymer melting in two dimensions. Contrary to predictions from mean-field theory we show that polymer melting, as described by the Flory model, is continuous. We test our field theoretical results against numerical transfer matrix calculations.
description: 21 pages of RevTeX and 12 figures
Recent trends in research with human pluripotent stem cells: Impact of research and use of cell lines in experimental research and clinical trials
Creators: name: Guhr, Anke
name: Kobold, Sabine
name: Seltmann, Stefanie
name: Seiler Wulczyn, Andrea E.M.
name: Kurtz, Andreas
name: Löser, Peter
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: human pluripotent stem cells
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: The human pluripotent stem cell (hPSC) research landscape is rapidly evolving. To assess possible novel trends in hPSC usage, we analyzed experimental hPSC research published from 2014 to 2016 and compared our data with those of earlier periods. The number of papers describing experimental work involving hPSCs increased further with clear differences in the scientific impact of publications from different countries. Our results confirm the leading position of US-based hPSC research, although to a lesser degree than observed previously. Our data reveal that research into human induced pluripotent stem cells alone surpassed human embryonic stem cell (hESC) research by 2015 and rapidly grew after that. We also report on continuing and even slightly growing research activities in the hESC field as well as on a generally declining rate of the generation of new hESC lines. An increasing portion of new hESC lines represents disease-specific and clinical-grade cell lines. The previously noted usage of only a few early established hESC lines in the vast majority of scientific work is sustained. We also provide a comprehensive overview on clinical trials on the basis of hPSCs. We find that the vast majority of those trials are based on hESC-derived cell products that were generated from an only limited number of relatively old cell lines.
The Equivalence Principle Revisited
Creators: name: Aldrovandi, R.
name: Barros, P. B.
name: Pereira, J. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A precise formulation of the strong Equivalence Principle is essential to the understanding of the relationship between gravitation and quantum mechanics. The relevant aspects are reviewed in a context including General Relativity, but allowing for the presence of torsion. For the sake of brevity, a concise statement is proposed for the Principle: "An ideal observer immersed in a gravitational field can choose a reference frame in which gravitation goes unnoticed". This statement is given a clear mathematical meaning through an accurate discussion of its terms. It holds for ideal observers (time-like smooth non-intersecting curves), but not for real, spatially extended observers. Analogous results hold for gauge fields. The difference between gravitation and the other fundamental interactions comes from their distinct roles in the equation of force.
description: RevTeX, 18 pages, no figures, to appear in Foundations of Physics
Additional file 1 of Contemporary treatment of anxiety in primary care: a systematic review and meta-analysis of outcomes in countries with universal healthcare
Creators: name: Parker, Erin L.
name: Banfield, Michelle
name: Fassnacht, Daniel B.
name: Hatfield, Timothy
name: Kyrios, Michael
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1. Additional Table. Full Search Strategy. Full search strategy used for all databases.
Nonmutual torques and the unimportance of motility for long-range order in two-dimensional flocks
Creators: name: Dadhichi, Lokrshi Prawar
name: Kethapelli, Jitendra
name: Chajwa, Rahul
name: Ramaswamy, Sriram
name: Maitra, Ananyo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: As the constituent particles of a flock are polar and in a driven state, their interactions must, in general, be fore-aft asymmetric and non-reciprocal. Within a model that explicitly retains the classical spin angular momentum field of the particles we show that the resulting asymmetric contribution to interparticle torques, if large enough, leads to a buckling instability of the flock. Precisely this asymmetry also yields a natural mechanism for a difference between the speed of advection of information along the flock and the speed of the flock itself, concretely establishing that the absence of detailed balance, and not merely the breaking of Galilean invariance, is crucial for this distinction. To highlight this we construct a model of asymmetrically interacting spins fixed to lattice points and demonstrate that the speed of advection of polarisation remains non-zero. We delineate the conditions on parameters and wavenumber for the existence of the buckling instability. Our theory should be consequential for interpreting the behaviour of real animal groups as well as experimental studies of artificial flocks composed of polar motile rods on substrates.
description: This paper supersedes our earlier version arXiv:1605.00981 and contains a substantially revised theoretical treatment
Survey of the Tachyonic Lump in Bosonic String Field Theory
Creators: name: Ohmori, Kazuki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study some properties of the tachyonic lumps in the level truncation scheme of bosonic cubic string field theory. We find that several gauges work well and that the size of the lump as well as its tension is approximately independent of these gauge choices at level (2,4). We also examine the fluctuation spectrum around the lump solution, and find that a tachyon with m^2=-0.96 and some massive scalars appear on the lump world-volume. This result strongly supports the conjecture that a codimension 1 lump solution is identified with a D-brane of one lower dimension within the framework of bosonic cubic string field theory.
description: 29 pages, 10 figures. v2: 2 references added
Anti-ARHGAP26 autoantibodies are associated with isolated cognitive impairment
Creators: name: Bartels, Frederik
name: Prüss, Harald
name: Finke, Carsten
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: ARHGAP26
subject: GRAF1
subject: anti-Ca
subject: medusa-head antibodies
subject: neuronal autoantibodies
subject: cognitive impairment
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Autoantibodies against the RhoGTPase-activating protein 26 (ARHGAP26) were originally identified in the context of subacute autoimmune cerebellar ataxia. Further studies identified a wider clinical spectrum including psychotic, affective, and cognitive symptoms. Only a few patients reported so far had evidence of a tumor association. A prospective analysis between January 2015 and December 2017 at the Dept. of Neurology at Charite-Universitatsmedizin Berlin identified 14 patients with ARHGAP26 autoantibodies on a cell-based assay, of which three patients had additional brain immunohistochemistry staining of cerebellar molecular layer and Purkinje cells, who were therefore considered antibody-positive. In all three patients, ARHGAP26 autoantibodies were associated with tumors. In two patients, an isolated cognitive impairment without additional neurological deficits was observed. These cases thus further extend the clinical spectrum associated with ARHGAP26 autoantibodies and strengthen a potential paraneoplastic context.
Supplementary document for Polarization-independent 3D metasurface with complex amplitude modulation - 6058087.pdf
Creators: name: Liu, Yuncheng
name: Gao, Hui
name: Fan, Xuhao
name: Wang, Xinger
name: Xu, Ke
name: Jiao, Binzhang
name: Hong, MingHui
name: Xiong, Wei
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2022
Subjects: Nanophotonics

description: Detailed parameter calculation method of unit structure and core flow of search algorithm
Representation of social determinants of health in German medical education: protocol of a content analysis study
Creators: name: Hommes, Franziska
name: Drees, Simon
name: Geffert, Karin
name: Philipsborn, Peter Von
name: Stratil, Jan M.
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: social determinants of health
subject: Germany
subject: medical education and training
subject: World Health Organization
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Introduction: Action on the social determinants of health has been key for improving health and prolonging life in the past, and remains so today. Against this background, WHO's Commission on Social Determinants of Health has called for increased efforts to create health workforces trained in recognising, understanding and acting on the social determinants of health. However, little is known about the extent to which current medical education systems prepare graduates for this challenge. We, therefore, aim to analyse the extent to which the medical curriculum in Germany incorporates content on the social determinants of health. Methods and analysis: We will conduct a qualitative and quantitative content analysis of four key document groups which influence medical education in Germany: the national medical catalogue of learning objectives; examination content outlines provided by the German Institute for Medical and Pharmaceutical Examination Questions; the online textbook most widely used for final examination preparation and the full set of questions from two national medical licensing examinations. We will analyse these documents based on a coding system, which we derived deductively from the report of WHO's Commission on Social Determinants of Health as well as other key publications of WHO. We will report quantitative indicators, such as the percentage of text related to social determinants of health for each document type. Moreover, we will conduct a semiqualitative analysis of relevant content. Ethics and dissemination: This study is based on the analysis of existing documents which do not contain personal or otherwise sensitive information. Results from the study will be published in a scientific peer-reviewed journal.
The Impact of Increased Planting Flexibility on Planting Decisions Across Texas
Creators: name: Raulston, J.
name: Klose, Steven
name: Outlaw, Joe
name: Richardson, James
name: Raulston, J.
name: Klose, Steven
name: Outlaw, Joe
name: Richardson, James
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries

description: Increased acreage planting flexibility granted through the last three farm bills has allowed agricultural producers to make production choices without government programs driving their decisions. Planted acre data for program crops in seven Texas regions is used to describe producers’ responses to the increased flexibility.
Dataset_TGA_pure_nps
Creators: name: Pustovalov, Vitaly
name: Sevim, Semih
name: Pané, Salvador
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Nanoparticles

description: The percentage of organic ligand on the surface of nanoparticles TGA_pure_nps was determined using a Mettler Toledo TGA/DSC 3 + Star System up to a temperature of 1173 K under steady airflow.
The heavy quarkonium inclusive decays using the principle of maximum conformality
Creators: name: Yu, Qing
name: Wu, Xing-Gang
name: Zeng, Jun
name: Huang, Xu-Dong
name: Yu, Huai-Min
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The next-to-next-to-leading order (NNLO) pQCD correction to the inclusive decays of the heavy quarkonium $η_Q$ ($Q$ being $c$ or $b$) has been done in the literature within the framework of nonrelativistic QCD. One may observe that the NNLO decay width still has large conventional renormalization scale dependence due to its weaker pQCD convergence, e.g. about $(^{+4\%}_{-34\%})$ for $η_c$ and $(^{+0.0}_{-9\%})$ for $η_b$, by varying the scale within the range of $[m_Q, 4m_Q]$. The principle of maximum conformality (PMC) provides a systematic way to fix the $α_s$-running behavior of the process, which satisfies the requirements of renormalization group invariance and eliminates the conventional renormalization scheme and scale ambiguities. Using the PMC single-scale method, we show that the resultant PMC conformal series is renormalization scale independent, and the precision of the $η_Q$ inclusive decay width can be greatly improved. Taking the relativistic correction $\mathcal{O}(α_{s}v^2)$ into consideration, the ratios of the $η_{Q}$ decays to light hadrons or $γγ$ are: $R^{\rm NNLO}_{η_c}|_{\rm{PMC}}=(3.93^{+0.26}_{-0.24})\times10^3$ and $R^{\rm NNLO}_{η_b}|_{\rm{PMC}}=(22.85^{+0.90}_{-0.87})\times10^3$, respectively. Here the errors are for $Δα_s(M_Z) = \pm0.0011$. As a step forward, by applying the Pad$\acute{e}$ approximation approach (PAA) over the PMC conformal series, we obtain approximate NNNLO predictions for those two ratios, e.g. $R^{\rm NNNLO}_{η_c}|_{\rm{PAA+PMC}} =(5.66^{+0.65}_{-0.55})\times10^3$ and $R^{\rm NNNLO}_{η_b}|_{\rm{PAA+PMC}}=(26.02^{+1.24}_{-1.17})\times10^3$. The $R^{\rm NNNLO}_{η_c}|_{\rm{PAA+PMC}}$ ratio agrees with the latest PDG value $R_{η_c}^{\rm{exp}}=(5.3_{-1.4}^{+2.4})\times10^3$, indicating the necessity of a strict calculation of NNNLO terms.
description: 10 pages, 4 figures
Present Status of Neutrino Mixing
Creators: name: Bilenky, S. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A short review of the status of neutrino mixing and neutrino oscillations is given. The basics of neutrino mixing and oscillations is discussed. The latest evidences of neutrino oscillations obtained in the Super-Kamiokande and the SNO solar neutrino experiments and in the Super-Kamiokande atmospheric neutrino experiment are considered. The results of solar and atmospheric neutrino experiments are discussed from the point of view of the three-neutrino mixing.
description: 20 pages, Proceedings of the Advanced Study Institute "Symmetries and Spin", Praha-Spin-2001, Czech Republic, July 15-28, 2001
Periorbital infections and conjunctivitis due to Panton-Valentine Leukocidin (PVL) positive Staphylococcus aureus in children
Creators: name: Hoppe, Pia-Alice
name: Hanitsch, Leif G.
name: Leistner, Rasmus
name: Niebank, Michaela
name: Bührer, Christoph
name: Bernuth, Horst Von
name: Krüger, Renate
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Panton-Valentine Leucocidin (PVL)
subject: Staphylococcus aureus
subject: Hordeolum
subject: Pediatrics
subject: Eye infection
subject: Lid abscess
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: BACKGROUND: Colonisation with Panton-Valentine Leukocidin expressing strains of Staphylococcus aureus (PVL + SA) is characterised by recurrent skin and soft tissue infections. While periorbital and orbital infections are common in children and frequently caused by S. aureus the role of PVL + SA in recurrent eye infections has not been studied. This study aimed to detect and report frequency and recurrence of periorbital or orbital infections as additional symptoms of PVL + SA colonisation in children. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective cohort study of pediatric patients who were treated for PVL + SA skin and soft tissue infection in our in- and outpatient clinics in Berlin, Germany from January 2012 to January 2017. We identified cases with periorbital or orbital infections in the year prior to the first PVL + SA evidence. In these cases, we conducted follow-up interviews by phone to determine recurrence of symptoms after the completion of decolonisation procedures. RESULTS: Fifty pediatric patients (age range: one week to 17 years) were evaluated and treated for PVL + SA infections in the reported time period. 19 patients (38%) reported periorbital infection or conjunctivitis, with recurrent hordeola as the most frequent finding (n = 9; 18%). Reappearance of hordeola (n = 5) was associated with recurrence of skin and soft tissue infections and/or de novo detection of PVL + SA. No further hordeola or other eye infections occurred after successful decolonisation. CONCLUSION: Our findings suggest a frequent involvement of periorbital skin in children with PVL + SA infections. Pediatric patients with recurrent periorbital infections might benefit from PVL + SA screening and consecutive decolonisation procedures.
Fuel and Fertilizer Price Impacts on Crop Mix and Returns in the Louisiana Delta
Creators: name: Deliberto, Michael
name: Salassi, Michael
name: Paxton, Kenneth
name: Deliberto, Michael
name: Salassi, Michael
name: Paxton, Kenneth
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries
Demand and Price Analysis

description: Fuel and fertilizer price increases in 2006 have had a significant impact on crop production costs and net returns. Analysis of crop returns and enterprise selection for the Louisiana Delta, a mixed cropping area in the northeastern part of the state, indicates that increased diesel and nitrogen fertilizer prices would be expected to shift acreage away from crops with relatively high diesel and nitrogen requirements as well as increase the risk or variability of net returns above variable costs for crop enterprise combinations.
Comparison of aluminum oxide empirical potentials from cluster to nanoparticle
Creators: name: Laurens, Gaétan
name: Amans, David
name: Lam, Julien
name: Allouche, Abdul-Rahman
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Aluminum oxide nanoparticles are increasingly sought in numerous technological applications. However, as the nanoparticles grow during the synthesis, two phase transitions occur. At the nanoscale, numerical simulation of the stability of the alumina phases requires the use of empirical potentials that are reliable over a large range of system sizes going from a few atoms to several hundred thousand atoms. In this work, we confronted four different empirical potentials that are currently employed for bulk alumina. We found that only two of them are correct at the molecular level when compared to DFT calculations. Furthermore, the two potentials remain the best at the nanoscale as they reproduce one or two phase transitions that were observed experimentally: from amorphous solid to cubic crystal (γ) and from cubic to hexagonal (α, i.e. corundum) crystal.
description: 11 pages, 8 pdf figures, 1 supplemental material pdf file, accepted in Physical Review B
The alerting effect of the wake maintenance zone during 40 hours of sleep deprivation
Creators: name: Zeeuw, Jan De
name: Wisniewski, Sophia
name: Papakonstantinou, Alexandra
name: Bes, Frederik
name: Wahnschaffe, Amely
name: Zaleska, Mandy
name: Kunz, Dieter
name: Münch, Mirjam
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: sleepiness
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Under entrained conditions, the accumulation of homeostatic sleep pressure in the evening is opposed by a strong circadian arousal signal prior to the dim light melatonin onset, called the Wake Maintenance Zone (WMZ). This study aimed at investigating the impact of the WMZ on different cognitive performance tests, as well as on subjective and objective sleepiness. Twelve young male participants completed a constant routine protocol with 40 h of extended wakefulness that included two WMZs. Cognitive tests and saliva samples were assessed hourly, while the electroencephalogram (EEG) was recorded continuously. Participants improved in cognitive response inhibition during WMZ1 (13.5 h awake) and sustained attention during WMZ2 (37.5 h awake), but not in higher executive function tests. There were significant EEG power density reductions in the delta/theta frequency range during WMZ1 and in delta/theta, alpha, and sigma/beta ranges during WMZ2, with a greater change in the sigma/beta range during WMZ2 compared toWMZ1. EEG power reductions coincided during WMZ1 with stable subjective sleepiness and sustained attention. During WMZ2, EEG power reductions were more pronounced and coincided with improved sustained attention. Our results suggest the circadian arousal signal in the evening differently modulates cognitive functions and EEG power depending on the duration of prior wakefulness.
Laser induced breakdown of the magnetic field reversal symmetry in the propagation of unpolarized light
Creators: name: Agarwal, G. S.
name: Dasgupta, Shubhrangshu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show how a medium, under the influece of a coherent control field which is resonant or close to resonance to an appropriate atomic transition, can lead to very strong asymmetries in the propagation of unpolarized light when the direction of the magnetic field is reversed. We show how EIT can be used to mimic effects occuring in natural systems and that EIT can produce very large asymmetries as we use electric dipole allowed transitions. Using density matrix calculations we present results for the breakdown of the magnetic field reversal symmetry for two different atomic configurations.
description: RevTex, 6 pages, 10 figures, Two Column format, submitted to Phys. Rev. A
Formation of the First Supermassive Black Holes
Creators: name: Bromm, Volker
name: Loeb, Abraham
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the physical conditions under which supermassive black holes could have formed inside the first galaxies. Our SPH simulations indicate that metal-free galaxies with a virial temperature ~10^4 K and with suppressed H2 formation (due to an intergalactic UV background) tend to form a binary black hole system which contains a substantial fraction (>10%) of the total baryonic mass of the host galaxy. Fragmentation into stars is suppressed without substantial H2 cooling. Our simulations follow the condensation of ~5x10^6 M_sun around the two centers of the binary down to a scale of < 0.1pc. Low-spin galaxies form a single black hole instead. These early black holes lead to quasar activity before the epoch of reionization. Primordial black hole binaries lead to the emission of gravitational radiation at redshifts z>10 that would be detectable by LISA.
description: 11 pages, 9 figures, revised version, ApJ in press (October 10, 2003)