cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Modification rule of monodromies in R_2-move
Creators: name: Hayano, Kenta
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 57R45, 30F99

description: An R_2-move is a homotopy of wrinkled fibrations which deforms images of indefinite fold singularities like Reidemeister move of type II. Variants of this move are contained in several important deformations of wrinkled fibrations, flip and slip for example. In this paper, we first investigate how monodromies are changed by this move. For a given fibration and its vanishing cycles, we then give an algorithm to obtain vanishing cycles in one reference fiber of a fibration, which is obtained by applying flip and slip to the original fibration, in terms of mapping class groups. As an application of this algorithm, we give several examples of diagrams which were introduced by Williams to describe smooth 4-manifolds by simple closed curves of closed surfaces.
description: 34 pages, 15 figures
High-Resolution Numerical Modeling of Barotropic Global Ocean Tides for Satellite Gravimetry
Creators: name: Sulzbach, Roman
name: Dobslaw, H.
name: Thomas, Maik
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: M2-tide
subject: minor tides
subject: pole-rotation
subject: self-attraction and loading
subject: tide-generating potential
subject: topographic wavedrag
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::550 Geowissenschaften, Geologie::551 Geologie, Hydrologie, Meteorologie

description: The recently upgraded barotropic tidal model TiME is employed to study the influence of fundamental tidal processes, the chosen model resolution, and the bathymetric map on the achievable model accuracy, exemplary for the M2 tide. Additionally, the newly introduced pole-rotation scheme allows to estimate the model’s inherent precision (open ocean rms: 0.90 cm) and enables studies of the Arctic domain without numerical deviations originating from pole cap handling. We find that the smallest open ocean rms with respect to the FES14-atlas (3.39 cm) is obtained when tidal dissipation is carried out to similar parts by quadratic bottom friction, wave drag, and parametrized eddy-viscosity. This setting proves versatile to obtaining high accuracy values for a diverse ensemble of additional partial tides. Using the preferred model settings, we show that for certain minor tides it is possible to obtain solutions that are more accurate than results derived with admittance assumptions from data-constrained tidal atlases. As linear admittance derived minor tides are routinely used for de-aliasing of satellite gravimetric data, this opens the potential for improving gravity field products by employing the solutions from TiME.
A Proline and 4-Hydroxyproline Based Approach to Enantiopure Pyrrolidin-2-yl-Substituted Pyridine and Pyrimidine Derivatives
Creators: name: Brennecke, Benjamin
name: Micó, Alicia Castello
name: Selter, Lars
name: Accorsi, Matteo
name: Zimmer, Reinhold
name: Reissig, Hans-Ulrich
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Amino acids
subject: Chiral pool
subject: Cyclization of β-ketoenamides
subject: Pyridines
subject: Pyrimidines
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::540 Chemie::540 Chemie und zugeordnete Wissenschaften

description: The optimized coupling of N-protected (S)-proline and (2S,4R)-4-hydroxyproline derivatives with (Z)-4-aminopent-3-en-2-one provided the expected β-ketoenamides in good to excellent yields. The subsequent intramolecular cyclizations afforded enantiopure pyridin-4-one derivatives with pyrrolidin-2-yl substituents. The nonaflates generated from these intermediates were excellent precursors for typical palladium-catalyzed coupling reactions. Oxidation with m-chloroperbenzoic acid gave pyrrolidine N-oxides whose subsequent reactions were investigated. The condensation of β-ketoenamides with hydroxylamine hydrochloride furnished the corresponding enantiopure pyrimidine N-oxides in good yields. The subsequent Boekelheide rearrangement provided hydroxymethyl-substituted pyrimidine derivatives together with minor components. Overall, this study nicely demonstrates the potential of (S)-proline- or (2S,4R)-4-hydroxyproline-derived β-ketoenamides to approach a library of novel chiral pool-derived enantiopure functionalized pyridine and pyrimidine derivatives.
The influence of stellar-dynamical ejections and collisions on the relation between the maximum-star and star-cluster-mass
Creators: name: Oh, Seungkyung
name: Kroupa, Pavel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We perform the largest currently available set of direct N-body calculations of young star cluster models to study the dynamical influence, especially through the ejections of the most massive star in the cluster, on the current relation between the maximum-stellar-mass and the star-cluster-mass. We vary several initial parameters such as the initial half-mass radius of the cluster, the initial binary fraction, and the degree of initial mass segregation. Two different pairing methods are used to construct massive binaries for more realistic initial conditions of massive binaries. We find that lower mass clusters (<= 10^2.5 Msun) do not shoot out their heaviest star. In the case of massive clusters (>= 1000 Msun), no most-massive star escapes the cluster within 3 Myr regardless of the initial conditions if clusters have initial half-mass radii, r_0.5, >= 0.8 pc. However, a few of the initially smaller sized clusters (r_0.5 = 0.3 pc), which have a higher density, eject their most massive star within 3 Myr. If clusters form with a compact size and their massive stars are born in a binary system with a mass-ratio biased towards unity, the probability that the mass of the most massive star in the cluster changes due to the ejection of the initially most massive star can be as large as 20 per cent. Stellar collisions increase the maximum-stellar-mass in a large number of clusters when clusters are relatively dense (M_ecl >= 10^3 Msun and r_0.5 = 0.3 pc) and binary-rich. Overall, we conclude that dynamical effects hardly influence the observational maximum-stellar-mass -- cluster mass relation.
description: 16 pages, 8 figures, 5 tables, accepted for publication in MNRAS
title: Pharmacists’ perception of educational material to improve patient safety
title: A cross-sectional study on practices and awareness in Germany
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Said, André
name: Freudewald, Leonard
name: Parrau, Natalie
name: Ganso, Matthias
name: Schulz, Martin
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: educational material
subject: healthcare professional
subject: pharmacy
subject: safety
subject: survey
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Educational material (EM) addresses particular safety information of medicinal products to healthcare professionals and patients. Since 2016, German national competent authorities label approved EM with a Blue Hand symbol. However, data is scarce regarding its usability as a safety communication tool in pharmacies to improve patient safety. The purpose of this study is to investigate for the first time pharmacists’ awareness and perception of EM in the setting of community and hospital pharmacies in Germany. The Drug Commission of German Pharmacists surveyed its nationwide network of 677 community and 51 hospital reference pharmacies, to investigate their awareness and perception of EM. The survey was conducted between January 16 and February 10, 2020 using SurveyMonkey. Data were analyzed using Microsoft Excel. A total of 373 community and 32 hospital pharmacists participated; response rates were 55.1% and 62.8%, respectively. Overall, 320 (85.8%) community and all hospital pharmacists confirmed awareness of EM. Community and hospital pharmacists fully (n = 172, 46.9% and n = 9, 28.1%) or rather (n = 109, 29.7% and n = 10, 31.3%) agreed that EM for healthcare professionals is suitable to reduce risks of medicinal products. Moreover, 237 (64.7%) community and 17 (53.1%) hospital pharmacists confirmed to inform patients or care facilities about EM. Asking pharmacists on their personal perception of EM, the refinement of readability and accessibility was indicated. Pharmacists confirm awareness of EM and its suitability as a safety communication tool. However, from a pharmacists’ perspective, the applicability and readability of EM still needs further adjustment to improve patient safety.
Response of young patients with probable ICD-11 complex PTSD to treatment with developmentally adapted cognitive processing therapy
Creators: name: Eilers, Rebekka
name: Rimane, Eline
name: Vogel, Anna
name: Renneberg, Babette
name: Steil, Regina
name: Rosner, Rita
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Child abuse
subject: adolescents
subject: cognitive processing therapy
subject: posttraumatic stress disorder
subject: complex PTSD
subject: 100 Philosophie und Psychologie::150 Psychologie::150 Psychologie

description: Background: ICD-11 features Complex Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (CPTSD) as a new diagnosis. To date, very few studies have investigated CPTSD in young patients, and there is a need for evidence on effective treatment. Objective: The present study evaluates the applicability of developmentally adapted cognitive processing therapy (D-CPT) for CPTSD in young patients in a secondary analysis of the treatment condition of a randomized controlled trial (RCT) investigating the efficacy of D-CPT. Methods: The D-CPT treatment group in the original study included 44 patients (14–21 years) with DSM-IV PTSD after childhood abuse. We used the ICD-11 algorithm to divide the sample into a probable CPTSD and a non-CPTSD group. We performed multilevel models for interviewer-rated and self-rated PTSD symptoms with fixed effects of group (CPTSD, non-CPTSD) and time (up to 12 months follow-up) and their interaction. Treatment response rates for both groups were calculated. Results: Nineteen (43.2%) patients fulfilled criteria for probable ICD-11 CPTSD while 25 (56.8%) did not. Both CPTSD and non-CPTSD groups showed symptom reduction over time. The CPTSD group reported higher symptom severity before and after treatment. Linear improvement and treatment response rates were similar for both groups. D-CPT reduced symptoms of disturbances in self-regulation in both groups. Discussion: Both, patients with and without probable ICD-11 CPTSD seemed to benefit from D-CPT and the treatment also reduced disturbances in self-regulation. Conclusion: This study presents initial evidence of the applicability of D-CPT in clinical practice for young patients with CPTSD. It remains debatable whether CPTSD implies different treatment needs as opposed to PTSD.
Rigidity for Odd-Dimensional Souls
Creators: name: Tapp, Kristopher
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53C

description: We prove a new rigidity result for an open manifold M with nonnegative sectional curvature whose soul S is odd-dimensional. Specifically, there exists a geodesic in S and a parallel vertical plane field along it with constant vertical curvature and vanishing normal curvature. Under the added assumption that the Sharafutdinov fibers are rotationally symmetric, this implies that for small r, the distance sphere of radius r about S contains an immersed flat cylinder, and thus could not have positive curvature.
Non-parametric Models for Long-term Autonomy
Creators: name: Haggenmiller, Acshi
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Monte Carlo Tree Search
subject: Multi-Policy Decision Making
subject: Ultra-wideband
subject: Simultaneous Localization and Mapping
subject: Graph realization
subject: Computer Science
subject: Engineering (General)
subject: Engineering

description: In this thesis we propose novel estimation techniques for localization and planning problems, which are key challenges in long-term autonomy. We take inspiration in our methods from non-parametric estimation and use tools such as kernel density estimation, non-linear least-squares optimization, binary masking, and random sampling. We show that these methods, by avoiding explicit parametric models, outperform existing methods that use them. Despite the seeming differences between localization and planning, we demonstrate in this thesis that the problems share core structural similarities. When real or simulation-sampled measurements are expensive, noisy, or high variance, non-parametric estimation techniques give higher-quality results in less time. We first address two localization problems. In order to permit localization with a set of ad hoc-placed radios, we propose an ultra-wideband (UWB) graph realization system to localize the radios. Our system achieves high accuracy and robustness by using kernel density estimation for measurement probability densities, by explicitly modeling antenna delays, and by optimizing this combination with a non-linear least squares formulation. Next, in order to then support robotic navigation, we present a flexible system for simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM) that combines elements from both traditional dense metric SLAM and topological SLAM, using a binary "masking function" to focus attention. This masking function controls which lidar scans are available for loop closures. We provide several masking functions based on approximate topological class detectors. We then examine planning problems in the final chapter and in the appendix. In order to plan with uncertainty around multiple dynamic agents, we describe Monte-Carlo Policy-Tree Decision Making (MCPTDM), a framework for efficiently computing policies in partially-observable, stochastic, continuous problems. MCPTDM composes a sequence of simpler closed-loop policies and uses marginal action costs and particle repetition to improve cost estimates and sample efficiency by reducing variance. Finally, in the appendix we explore Learned Similarity Monte-Carlo Planning (LSMCP), where we seek to enhance the sample efficiency of partially observable Monte Carlo tree search-based planning by taking advantage of similarities in the final outcomes of similar states and actions. We train a multilayer perceptron to learn a similarity function which we then use to enhance value estimates in the planning. Collectively, we show in this thesis that non-parametric methods promote long-term autonomy by reducing error and increasing robustness across multiple domains.
The dominantly expressed class II molecule from a resistant MHC haplotype presents only a few Marek’s disease virus peptides by using an unprecedented binding motif
Creators: name: Halabi, Samer
name: Ghosh, Michael
name: Stevanović, Stefan
name: Rammensee, Hans-Georg
name: Bertzbach, Luca D.
name: Kaufer, Benedikt B.
name: Moncrieffe, Martin C.
name: Kaspers, Bernd
name: Härtle, Sonja
name: Kaufman, Jim
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Chickens
subject: Major histocompatibility complex
subject: B cells
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::630 Landwirtschaft::630 Landwirtschaft und verwandte Bereiche

description: Viral diseases pose major threats to humans and other animals, including the billions of chickens that are an important food source as well as a public health concern due to zoonotic pathogens. Unlike humans and other typical mammals, the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) of chickens can confer decisive resistance or susceptibility to many viral diseases. An iconic example is Marek’s disease, caused by an oncogenic herpesvirus with over 100 genes. Classical MHC class I and class II molecules present antigenic peptides to T lymphocytes, and it has been hard to understand how such MHC molecules could be involved in susceptibility to Marek’s disease, given the potential number of peptides from over 100 genes. We used a new in vitro infection system and immunopeptidomics to determine peptide motifs for the 2 class II molecules expressed by the MHC haplotype B2, which is known to confer resistance to Marek’s disease. Surprisingly, we found that the vast majority of viral peptide epitopes presented by chicken class II molecules arise from only 4 viral genes, nearly all having the peptide motif for BL2*02, the dominantly expressed class II molecule in chickens. We expressed BL2*02 linked to several Marek’s disease virus (MDV) peptides and determined one X-ray crystal structure, showing how a single small amino acid in the binding site causes a crinkle in the peptide, leading to a core binding peptide of 10 amino acids, compared to the 9 amino acids in all other reported class II molecules. The limited number of potential T cell epitopes from such a complex virus can explain the differential MHC-determined resistance to MDV, but raises questions of mechanism and opportunities for vaccine targets in this important food species, as well as providing a basis for understanding class II molecules in other species including humans.
Unintentional F doping of the surface of SrTiO3(001) etched in HF acid -- structure and electronic properties
Creators: name: Chambers, Scott A.
name: Droubay, Timothy C.
name: Capan, Cigdem
name: Sun, Guangyuan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that the HF acid etch commonly used to prepare SrTiO3(001) for heteroepitaxial growth of complex oxides results in a non-negligible level of F doping within the terminal surface layer of TiO2. Using a combination of x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and scanned angle x-ray photoelectron diffraction, we determine that on average ~13 % of the O anions in the surface layer are replaced by F, but that F does not occupy O sites in deeper layers. Despite this perturbation to the surface, the Fermi level remains unpinned, and the surface-state density, which determines the amount of band bending, is driven by factors other than F doping. The presence of F at the STO surface is expected to result in lower electron mobilities at complex oxide heterojunctions involving STO substrates because of impurity scattering. Unintentional F doping can be substantially reduced by replacing the HF-etch step with a boil in deionized water, which in conjunction with an oxygen tube furnace anneal, leaves the surface flat and TiO2 terminated.
description: 18 pages, 7 figures
Cyclic shear loading response of Fraser River delta silt
Creators: name: Sanin, Maria Victoria
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: The cyclic shear response of low-plastic Fraser River silt was investigated using constant-volume direct simple shear testing. Silt specimens, initially consolidated to stress levels at or above the preconsolidation stress, displayed cyclic mobility type strain development during cyclic loading. Liquefaction in the form of strain softening accompanied by loss of shear strength did not manifest regardless of the applied cyclic stress ratio (CSR), or the level of induced excess pore water pressure (Δu). Cyclic mobility type stress-strain behaviour was observed in spite of the initial static shear stress bias. The potential for excess pore water pressure generation and associated shear strain development during cyclic loading was observed to increase with increasing level of initial static shear. Tests on specimens of undisturbed field samples and specimens reconstituted using the same silt material showed that undisturbed silt, despite having a looser density under identical consolidation stress conditions, exhibited more dilative response and larger shear resistance compared to those displayed by reconstituted specimens. In addition to consolidation stress conditions and resulting void ratios, it appears that other naturally inherited parameters such as soil fabric and aging effects would influence the shear response of natural silt. Studies were also conducted to examine the post-cyclic reconsolidation response of low-plastic silt using specimens of undisturbed and reconstituted Fraser River silt and reconstituted quartz powder initially subjected to constant volume cyclic loading at different CSR values and then reconsolidated to their initial effective stresses. The volumetric strains during post-cyclic reconsolidation (εv-ps) were noted to increase with the maximum Δu and maximum cyclic shear strain experienced during cyclic loading. The values of εv-ps and maximum excess cyclic pore water pressure ratio (ru max) were observed to form a coherent relationship regardless of overconsolidation effects, particle fabric, and initial void ratio of the soil. The specimens with high ru-max suffered significantly higher post-cyclic reconsolidation strains. The observed εv-ps versus ru-max relationship, when combined with the observed dependence of ru on CSR and number of load cycles, seems to provide a reasonable approach to estimate post-cyclic reconsolidation strains of low-plastic silt.
Probing the Inner Regions Near Accreting Black Holes and Neutron Stars with Chandra
Creators: name: Trueba, Nicolas
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Black Holes
subject: Neutron Stars
subject: Accretion
subject: X-ray Astronomy
subject: Spectroscopy
subject: Astronomy
subject: Science

description: Accretion disks are among the most important and well-studied objects in astrophysics. Disks play a critical role in both star formation and later stellar evolution, and are the site of planet formation. Compact objects accreting from a stellar companion may result in luminous and rapidly evolving UV or X-ray disks for white dwarf (WD) or stellar-mass black hole and neutron star (BH or NS) accretors, respectively. At the largest scales, accretion onto supermassive black holes is known to power active galactic nuclei (or, AGN). These are among the most powerful phenomena in the observable universe and their activity can have a profound effect on star formation and evolution of the host galaxy. Despite the astrophysical importance of the accretion process, as well as considerable observational and theoretical efforts, critical questions regarding specific physical mechanisms remain unanswered. There is broad theoretical consensus that angular momentum and mass transfer within the disk are likely mediated via magnetic processes; however, observational signatures of specific physical mechanisms are few and largely indirect, complicating efforts to characterize underlying processes. Likewise, magnetic processes may be central to the physics of the X-ray corona, potentially a cloud of hot in AGN and accreting NSs/stellar-mass BHs that imparts additional energy to disk photons via inverse Compton scattering. Our understanding of the geometry, energetics, and underlying physics of the X-ray Corona is limited and requires knowledge of its compactness - a difficult property to constrain observationally. In this dissertation, I demonstrate how high-resolution X-ray spectroscopic studies of accreting black holes and neutron stars can address some of these issues. Specifically, I characterize absorption phenomena occurring above the disk's surface, such as disk winds and atmospheres, using astrophysical plasma models in order to probe the physical processes that underlie the accretion disk. We find that the highly ionized disk winds (outflowing at $0.1%-1%~c$) in BH candidate 4U 1630$-$472, for instance, are likely magnetic; the radial structure of these outflows may be indicative of magnetically driven accretion (Chapter II). Moreover, I present the discovery of gravitationally redshifted disk atmospheres in a sample of short-period neutron star systems. Like disk winds in BH systems, the location of these absorbers means that the atmosphere may require strong magnetic pressure support (Chapter III). Finally, I developed a new methodology for constraining the size of the central emitting regions of these systems, providing new angles on the physical nature of these emitters (Chapter IV).
2015 MFA Graduate Thesis - This Is Water
Creators: name: Anderson, Kelly L
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: Design

description: This Is Water explores chronic stress on high school students and what design can do to help mitigate the effects of that stress. Starting February 13, 2015, Kelly Anderson and Reid Henkel partnered with The Urban Assembly School of Emergency Management (UASEM) and implemented a 10-week curriculum for a weekly Advisory (life skills) class with seven 10th graders.
Our pilot program is combining form-giving and storytelling tactics to actively engage students in a conversation with their stress. This Reflective Making technique is helping them develop their own ways of thriving through a better understanding of the effects of their stress on themselves and others.
This document explores two graduate students’ attempt at understanding the intersections of chronic stress, educational achievement, and sustained thriving mechanisms. In no way does the proceeding content assume insights and findings to be either finite or certain. It is meant to illustrate possibilities, inflections, and outcomes that elicit contingent understandings of the problem space set forth.
Boletín Fármacos: Políticas 2022; 25(3)
Creators: name: Salud y Fármacos
Publisher: name: Salud y Fármacos
Year: 2022
Subjects: Políticas de medicamentos
Políticas farmacéuticas
Políticas globales
América Latina
Europa
África
Estados Unidos y Canadá
Asia
Organismos internacionales

description: Boletín Fármacos es un boletín electrónico de la organización Salud y Fármacos (https://www.saludyfarmacos.org/) que se publica cuatro veces al año: febrero, mayo, agosto y noviembre.
El "Boletín Fármacos: Políticas" incluye información sobre evaluaciones de políticas de medicamentos, así como las políticas que están en discusión o que han adoptado diferentes países del mundo.
Este documento corresponde al 2022, Vol. 25, N°3.
The effects of modality interactivity and health literacy on user engagement and processing of public health information
Creators: name: Ahn, Jisoo
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 2018
Subjects: Modality interactivity
Cognitive absorption
Health literacy
Public health information
Infectious disease

description: Considering the importance of learning new information in the emerging disease context, this study examines how individuals cognitively process information with an interactivity feature on a website. Modality interactivity, which was operationalized as a slider, was used to identify its effects on user engagement (i.e., cognitive absorption: the degree to absorb the content) and attitudes and behavioral intentions serially. In addition, whether an individual characteristic, such as health literacy (i.e., the degree to read and understand health information), varies the effects was asked. A single factor (modality interactivity: slider vs. control) experiment was conducted on a health website which provides information about a new fictitious infectious disease, Logi. With 350 participants, the results revealed that modality interactivity increased cognitive absorption and in turn, enhanced favorable attitudes toward the website, the message, and the agency. The indirect effects of modality interactivity also positively influenced the intentions of users to revisit the website, follow the recommendations in the message, and seek further information from the agency about the disease. These effects did not depend on health literacy; that is, participants at all levels of health literacy had similar effects of modality interactivity on attitudes and intentions through cognitive absorption. Discussion of theoretical and practical implications is presented.
Serum Selenium Status as a Diagnostic Marker for the Prognosis of Liver Transplantation
Creators: name: Gül-Klein, Safak
name: Haxhiraj, Deana
name: Seelig, Julian
name: Kästner, Anika
name: Hackler, Julian
name: Sun, Qian
name: Heller, Raban Arved
name: Lachmann, Nils
name: Pratschke, Johann
name: Schmelzle, Moritz
name: Schomburg, Lutz
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: trace element
subject: liver transplantation
subject: selenoprotein P
subject: glutathione peroxidase
subject: hepatitis C virus
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: The trace element selenium (Se) is taken up from the diet and is metabolized mainly by hepatocytes. Selenoprotein P (SELENOP) constitutes the liver-derived Se transporter. Biosynthesis of extracellular glutathione peroxidase (GPx3) in kidney depends on SELENOP-mediated Se supply. We hypothesized that peri-operative Se status may serve as a useful prognostic marker for the outcome in patients undergoing liver transplantation due to hepatocellular carcinoma. Serum samples from liver cancer patients were routinely collected before and after transplantation. Concentrations of serum SELENOP and total Se as well as GPx3 activity were determined by standardized tests and related to survival, etiology of cirrhosis/carcinoma, preoperative neutrophiles, lymphocytes, thyrotropin (TSH) and Child-Pugh and Model for End-Stage Liver Disease (MELD) scores. A total of 221 serum samples from 79 transplanted patients were available for analysis. The Se and SELENOP concentrations were on average below the reference ranges of healthy subjects. Patients with ethanol toxicity-dependent etiology showed particularly low SELENOP and Se concentrations and GPx3 activity. Longitudinal analysis indicated declining Se concentrations in non-survivors. We conclude that severe liver disease necessitating organ replacement is characterized by a pronounced Se deficit before, during and after transplantation. A recovering Se status after surgery is associated with positive prognosis, and an adjuvant Se supplementation may, thus, support convalescence.
2015 Graduate Thesis - This Is Water
Creators: name: Anderson, Kelly L
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: Design

description: This Is Water explores chronic stress on high school students and what design can do to help mitigate the effects of that stress. Starting February 13, 2015, Kelly Anderson and Reid Henkel partnered with The Urban Assembly School of Emergency Management (UASEM) and implemented a 10-week curriculum for a weekly Advisory (life skills) class with seven 10th graders.
Our pilot program is combining form-giving and storytelling tactics to actively engage students in a conversation with their stress. This Reflective Making technique is helping them develop their own ways of thriving through a better understanding of the effects of their stress on themselves and others.
This document explores two graduate students’ attempt at understanding the intersections of chronic stress, educational achievement, and sustained thriving mechanisms. In no way does the proceeding content assume insights and findings to be either finite or certain. It is meant to illustrate possibilities, inflections, and outcomes that elicit contingent understandings of the problem space set forth.
Sprechen im Umbruch: Erzählen, erinnern, reagieren auf den Berliner Mauerfall
Creators: name: Muco, Albano
name: Dittmar, Norbert
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Berliner Mauerfall
subject: Umbruch
subject: Sprache
subject: 800 Literatur::830 Deutsche und verwandte Literaturen::830 Literaturen germanischer Sprachen; Deutsche Literatur

description: NORBERT DITTMAR ist seit 2008 emeritus der Freien Universität Berlin. Studium der Germanistik, Romanistik, Slawistik, Philosophie und Soziologie in Freiburg im Breisgau, Konstanz, Berlin (FU) und Aix-en-Provence. Promotion 1974. Wissenschaftlicher Mitarbeiter im DFG-Projekt Zweitspracherwerb ausländischer Arbeiter, Lehrveranstaltungen (Heidelberg 1974-1978), Visiting Professor in Toronto (Vorlesung und Übungen zum Zweitspracherwerb, Ende 1978-April 1979), Professor in Berlin seit dem Sommersemester 1979. Teilredaktion der Zeitschriften Linguistische Berichte und Linguistics. Herausgeber des Handbuchs der Soziolinguistik, Mitherausgeber der Reihe Pragmatics and Beyond. Mitglied der Beraterkommission bei der European Science Foundation (Straßburg) für das Zweitspracherwerbsprojekt (Vergleich von fünf europäischen Ländern). Zusammen mit der Soziolinguistin Christine Paul hat Norbert Dittmar das Buch Sprechen im Umbruch, Zeitzeugen erzählen und argumentieren rund um den Fall der Mauer im Wendekorpus (2019)1 herausgegeben. In Bezug auf diesen Band wurde Prof. Dr. Dittmar interviewt.
Graviton Propagator in a General Invariant Gauge on de Sitter
Creators: name: Mora, P. J.
name: Tsamis, N. C.
name: Woodard, R. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct the graviton propagator on de Sitter background in the one parameter family of exact, de Sitter invariant gauges. Our result takes the form of a universal spin two part and a gauge dependent spin zero part. Scalar equations are derived for the structure functions of each part. There is no de Sitter invariant solution for either structure function, although the de Sitter breaking contribution to the spin zero part may drop out for certain choices of the gauge parameter. Our results imply that de Sitter breaking is universal for the graviton propagator, and hence that there is an error in the contrary results derived by analytic continuation of average gauge fixing techniques.
description: Uses Latex2e, 20 pages, no figures, no tables
Phytochemicals and repurposed, FDA approved drugs show potential as a cost effective combination treatment for ovarian cancer
Creators: name: Christensen, Chase Tyler
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2020

description: A cancer diagnosis is an event that countless people fear. Besides the debilitating effects of the disease itself, treatments also take a substantial toll on a patient’s health as well as their finances. Even successful treatments cause survivors to live with the constant concern that their illness will return. When relapse does occur, prior therapies may no longer be an option due to cancer cells gaining resistance under the cancer stem cell model. As such, new therapies must be developed to once again aid patients enter a second battle for their lives.Phytochemicals, for example curcumin, are plant derived molecules that have shown promise as a potential treatment for ovarian and other cancers. In addition to phytochemicals, repurposed FDA approved drugs are another option being explored by researchers. Studying drugs that are already approved for other indications will reduce the time and cost required to develop new therapies. For people living with limited access to medical care due to financial matters, low cost treatment for deadly diseases is highly desired.By conducting a series of in vitro alamarBlue cell viability assays, this paper aims to provide evidence that niclosamide, an off patent FDA approved drug for parasitic tapeworm infection, and curcumin, a phytochemical derived from turmeric, hold the potential to be low cost therapies for women suffering from ovarian cancer. In addition, using these molecules in combination has shown synergistic properties that act to decrease cell viability of SKOV3 ovarian cancer cells. Under the cancer stem cell model, cases of relapse may be reduced by using niclosamide and curcumin to target resistant subpopulations of cancer cells left after conventional therapies are administered.
A Search for Infrared Emission from Core-Collapse Supernovae at the Transitional Phase
Creators: name: Tanaka, Masaomi
name: Nozawa, Takaya
name: Sakon, Itsuki
name: Onaka, Takashi
name: Arimatsu, Ko
name: Ohsawa, Ryo
name: Maeda, Keiichi
name: Wada, Takehiko
name: Matsuhara, Hideo
name: Kaneda, Hidehiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Most of the observational studies of supernova (SN) explosions are limited to early phases (< a few yr after the explosion) of extragalactic SNe and observations of SN remnants (> 100 yr) in our Galaxy or very nearby galaxies. SNe at the epoch between these two, which we call "transitional" phase, have not been explored in detail except for several extragalactic SNe including SN 1987A in the Large Magellanic Cloud. We present theoretical predictions for the infrared (IR) dust emissions by several mechanisms; emission from dust formed in the SN ejecta, light echo by circumstellar and interstellar dust, and emission from shocked circumstellar dust. We search for IR emission from 6 core-collapse SNe at the transitional phase in the nearby galaxies NGC 1313, NGC 6946, and M101 by using the data taken with the AKARI satellite and Spitzer. Among 6 targets, we detect the emission from SN 1978K in NGC 1313. SN 1978K is associated with 1.3 x 10^{-3} Msun of silicate dust. We show that, among several mechanisms, the shocked circumstellar dust is the most probable emission source to explain the IR emission observed for CSM-rich SN 1978K. IR emission from the other 5 objects is not detected. Our current observations are sensitive to IR luminosity of > 10^{38} erg s^{-1}, and the non-detection of SN 1962M excludes the existence of the shocked circumstellar dust for a high gas mass-loss rate of sim 10^{-4} Msun yr^{-1}. Observations of SNe at the transitional phase with future IR satellites will fill the gap of IR observations of SNe with the age of 10-100 years, and give a new opportunity to study the circumstellar and interstellar environments of the progenitor, and possibly dust formation in SNe.
description: Accepted for publication in ApJ, 14 pages
Supporting Information: GIS-based Material Stock Analysis (MSA) of Climate Vulnerabilities to the Tourism Industry in Antigua and Barbuda
Creators: name: Bradshaw, Johnella
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Antigua and Barbuda; tourism; climate change; small island developing states (SIDS); island sustainability; resource use and efficiency; material stock analysis; construction materials; geographical information systems (GIS); industrial ecology

description: The supplementary information provides greater detail into the methodology section of the research including the Material Stock Analysis (MSA) of buildings, building footprint classification, empirical evaluation and data collection, building-use type classes and height assumption, material intensity typology, and residential material intensity: Monte Carlo simulation
Barriers and Enablers for Artificial Intelligence in Dental Diagnostics: A Qualitative Study
Creators: name: Müller, Anne
name: Mertens, Sarah Marie
name: Göstemeyer, Gerd
name: Krois, Joachim
name: Schwendicke, Falk
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: artificial intelligence
subject: radiography dental digital
subject: qualitative research
subject: models psychological
subject: models theoretical
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: The present study aimed to identify barriers and enablers for the implementation of artificial intelligence (AI) in dental, specifically radiographic, diagnostics. Semi-structured phone interviews with dentists and patients were conducted between the end of May and the end of June 2020 (convenience/snowball sampling). A questionnaire developed along the Theoretical Domains Framework (TDF) and the Capabilities, Opportunities and Motivations influencing Behaviors model (COM-B) was used to guide interviews. Mayring's content analysis was employed to point out barriers and enablers. We identified 36 barriers, conflicting themes or enablers, covering nine of the fourteen domains of the TDF and all three determinants of behavior (COM). Both stakeholders emphasized chances and hopes for AI. A range of enablers for implementing AI in dental diagnostics were identified (e.g., the chance for higher diagnostic accuracy, a reduced workload, more comprehensive reporting and better patient-provider communication). Barriers related to reliance on AI and responsibility for medical decisions, as well as the explainability of AI and the related option to de-bug AI applications, emerged. Decision-makers and industry may want to consider these aspects to foster implementation of AI in dentistry.
A Jet Break in the X-ray Light Curve of Short GRB 111020A: Implications for Energetics and Rates
Creators: name: Fong, Wen-fai
name: Berger, Edo
name: Margutti, Raffaella
name: Zauderer, B. Ashley
name: Troja, Eleonora
name: Czekala, Ian
name: Chornock, Ryan
name: Gehrels, Neil
name: Sakamoto, Takanori
name: Fox, Derek B.
name: Podsiadlowski, Philipp
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present broad-band observations of the afterglow and environment of the short GRB 111020A. An extensive X-ray light curve from Swift/XRT, XMM-Newton and Chandra, spanning ~100 seconds to 10 days after the burst, reveals a significant break at t~2 days with pre- and post-break decline rates of alphaX,1 ~ -0.78 and alphaX,224.4 mag at 18 hours after the burst, and reveal a potential host galaxy with i~24.3 mag. The sub-arcsecond localization from Chandra provides a precise offset of 0.80"+/-0.11" (1-sigma) from this galaxy corresponding to an offset of 5-7 kpc for z=0.5-1.5. We find a high excess neutral Hydrogen column density of (7.5+/-2.0)e21 cm^(-2) (z=0). Our observations demonstrate that a growing fraction of short GRBs are collimated which may lead to a true event rate of >100-1000 Gpc^(-3) yr^(-1), in good agreement with the NS-NS merger rate of ~200-3000 Gpc^(-3) yr^(-1). This consistency is promising for coincident short GRB-gravitational wave searches in the forthcoming era of Advanced LIGO/VIRGO.
description: Submitted to ApJ; emulateapj style; 20 pages, 5 tables, 6 figures
Boletín Fármacos: Propiedad Intelectual 2022; 25(3)
Creators: name: Salud y Fármacos
Publisher: name: Salud y Fármacos
Year: 2022
Subjects: Propiedad intelectual
Acceso a medicamentos
Tratados de Libre Comercio (TLC)
Exclusividad en el mercado
Patentes
Protección de datos con exclusividad

description: Boletín Fármacos es un boletín electrónico de la organización Salud y Fármacos (https://www.saludyfarmacos.org/) que se publica cuatro veces al año: febrero, mayo, agosto y noviembre.
El "Boletín Fármacos: Propiedad Intelectual" incluye información sobre la accesibilidad de los medicamentos, así como sobre las políticas y regulaciones que impiden el acceso a los medicamentos a precios asequibles y las respuestas a esos retos, abordando la relación de diferentes actores con la propiedad intelectual. Además, contiene datos de los tratados de libre comercio, la exclusividad en el mercado, las patentes y la protección de datos con exclusividad, entre otros.
Este documento corresponde al 2022, Vol. 25, N°3.
Latest Flow Results from PHENIX at RHIC
Creators: name: Richardson, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: At the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC), key insights into the bulk properties of the hot and dense partonic matter arise from the study of azimuthal anisotropy ($v_2$) of the produced particles. These insights include indicating the matter undergoes rapid thermalization and behaves hydrodynamically at low $p_T$. Recently a low energy scan ($\le \sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 62.4 GeV) began at RHIC to search for the QGP critical point, where a change in $v_2$ from higher energies could play a key role in its identification. Additionally, higher order flow harmonics have recently been shown to provide constraints on initial geometry fluctuations. Discussed here are some of the latest low energy and higher order flow results from PHENIX.
description: 3 pages, 4 figures, Conference proceedings from PANIC11 at Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge MA, USA. To be published in the American Institute of Physics Conference Proceedings
Cross-Sectional and Longitudinal Construct Validity of the Generic KINDL-A(dult)B(rief) Questionnaire in Adults with Thrombophilia or with Hereditary and Acquired Bleeding Disorders
Creators: name: Neuner, Bruno
name: Mackensen, Sylvia Von
name: Kiesau, Bettina
name: Krampe, Henning
name: McCarthy, William J.
name: Reinke, Sarah
name: Kowalski, Dorothee
name: Shneyder, Maria
name: Clausnizer, Hartmut
name: Rocke, Angela
name: Junker, Ralf
name: Nowak-Göttl, Ulrike
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Health-related quality of life
subject: Hereditary and acquired bleeding disorder
subject: Longitudinal construct validity
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Background/Aims: The newly adapted generic KINDL-A(dult)B(rief) questionnaire showed satisfactory cross-sectional psychometric properties in adults with bleeding disorders or thrombophilia. This investigation aimed to evaluate its cross-sectional and longitudinal construct validity. Methods: After ethical committee approval and written informed consent, 335 patients (mean age 51.8 ± 16.6 years, 60% women) with either predominant thrombophilia (n = 260) or predominant bleeding disorders (n = 75) participated. At baseline, patients answered the KINDL-AB, the MOS 36-item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36), and the EQ-5D-3L. A subgroup of 117 patients repeated the questionnaire after a median follow-up of 2.6 years (range: 0.4-3.5). A priori hypotheses were evaluated regarding convergent correlations between KINDL-AB overall well-being and specific subscales, EQ-5D-3L index values (EQ-IV), EQ-5D visual analog scale (EQ-VAS), and SF-36 subscales. Results: Contrary to hypothesis, baseline correlations between the KINDL-AB and EQ-IV/EQ-VAS were all moderate while, as hypothesized, several KINDL-AB subscales and SF-36 subscales correlated strongly. At follow-up, no significant changes in all three instruments occurred. Correlations between instruments over the follow-up were mostly moderate and partially strong. Contrary to hypothesis but consistent with no significant changes in health-related quality of life, convergent correlations between changes in KINDL-AB overall well-being, physical and psychological well-being, and EQ-IV/EQ-VAS were all weak. Conclusions: While repeated measures of KINDL-AB showed moderate to strong correlations, changes in KINDL-AB overall well-being and subscales correlated more weakly than expected with changes involving two established instruments of generic health status.