cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
A giant galaxy in the young Universe with a massive ring
Creators: name: Yuan, Tiantian
name: Elagali, Ahmed
name: Labbe, Ivo
name: Kacprzak, Glenn G.
name: Lagos, Claudia del P.
name: Alcorn, Leo Y.
name: Cohn, Jonathan H.
name: Tran, Kim-Vy H.
name: Glazebrook, Karl
name: Groves, Brent A.
name: Freeman, Kenneth C.
name: Spitler, Lee R.
name: Straatman, Caroline M. S.
name: Fisher, Deanne B.
name: Sweet, Sarah M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the local (redshift z~0) Universe, collisional ring galaxies make up only ~0.01% of galaxies and are formed by head-on galactic collisions that trigger radially propagating density waves. These striking systems provide key snapshots for dissecting galactic disks and are studied extensively in the local Universe. However, not much is known about distant (z>0.1) collisional rings. Here we present a detailed study of a ring galaxy at a look-back time of 10.8 Gyr (z=2.19). Compared with our Milky Way, this galaxy has a similar stellar mass, but has a stellar half-light radius that is 1.5-2.2 times larger and is forming stars 50 times faster. The large, diffuse stellar light outside the star-forming ring, combined with a radial velocity on the ring and an intruder galaxy nearby, provides evidence for this galaxy hosting a collisional ring. If the ring is secularly evolved, the implied large bar in a giant disk would be inconsistent with the current understanding of the earliest formation of barred spirals. Contrary to previous predictions, this work suggests that massive collisional rings were as rare 11 Gyr ago as they are today. Our discovery offers a unique pathway for studying density waves in young galaxies, as well as constraining the cosmic evolution of spiral disks and galaxy groups.
description: Author's version for the main article (10 pages). The Supplementary Information (22 pages) and a combined pdf are provided here http://astronomy.swin.edu.au/~tyuan/paper Published version available online http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41550-020-1102-7
Hydrodynamic construction of the electromagnetic field
Creators: name: Holland, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an alternative Eulerian hydrodynamic model for the electromagnetic field in which the discrete vector indices in Maxwell\s equations are replaced by continuous angular freedoms, and develop the corresponding Lagrangian picture in which the fluid particles have rotational and translational freedoms. This enables us to extend to the electromagnetic field the exact method of state construction proposed previously for spin 0 systems, in which the time-dependent wavefunction is computed from a single-valued continuum of deterministic trajectories where two spacetime points are linked by at most a single orbit. The deduction of Maxwell\s equations from continuum mechanics is achieved by generalizing the spin 0 theory to a general Riemannian manifold from which the electromagnetic construction is extracted as a special case. In particular, the flat-space Maxwell equations are represented as a curved-space Schrödinger equation for a massive system. The Lorentz covariance of the Eulerian field theory is obtained from the non-covariant Lagrangian-coordinate model as a kind of collective effect. The method makes manifest the electromagnetic analogue of the quantum potential that is tacit in Maxwell\s equations. This implies a novel definition of the \classical limit\ of Maxwell\s equations that differs from geometrical optics. It is shown that Maxwell\s equations may be obtained by canonical quantization of the classical model. Using the classical trajectories a novel expression is derived for the propagator of the electromagnetic field in the Eulerian picture. The trajectory and propagator methods of solution are illustrated for the case of a light wave.
description: 21 pages
Self-Interaction and Gauge Invariance
Creators: name: Deser, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A simple unified closed form derivation of the non-linearities of the Einstein, Yang-Mills and spinless (e.g., chiral) meson systems is given. For the first two, the non-linearities are required by locality and consistency; in all cases, they are determined by the conserved currents associated with the initial (linear) gauge invariance of the first kind. Use of first-order formalism leads uniformly to a simple cubic self-interaction.
description: Missing last reference added. 9 pages, This article, the first paper in Gen. Rel. Grav. [1 (1970) 9], is now somewhat inaccessible; the present posting is the original version, with a few subsequent references included. Updates updated
title: Creating Togetherness? Immigrants' Perspectives on Canada's Naturalization Process
Creators: name: Winter, Elke
Publisher: name: SSOAR -   GESIS Leibniz Institute for the Social Sciences
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 10304 Migration, Sociology of Migration
subject: Canada
subject: naturalization
subject: migrant
subject: integration policy

description: Increasingly, immigrants, especially those from non-Western countries, are suspected of being unwilling to "integrate", i.e. learn the national language, take up work, and adopt "Western" values. They are also said to naturalize "for the wrong reasons", reaching from the abuse of social welfare systems to the use of Western passports for terrorism-related travel. As a consequence, almost all Western countries have recently implemented restrictive changes to their naturalization requirements. In the literature, this development is debated controversially as either re-nationalization or liberalization. Goodman (2014) classifies recent policy changes as an iteration of nation-building, which supplements national identity's emphasis on (ethnic) sameness by means of a state identity's accentuation of (civic) togetherness. This paper examines the naturalization process - and the nation(-state) project at its core - from the viewpoint of those who are usually ignored: immigrants and new citizens. Specifically, it asks the following questions: As how welcoming or repelling do newly minted citizens in Canada perceive the naturalization process? How do they relate to the factual and symbolic boundaries at stake in naturalization? Deriving almost two thirds of its population growth through immigrants and refugees, the Canadian state has - or should have - a very strong interest not only in transforming foreigners into citizens, but also in assuring that this legally important ritual enables and encourages full citizenship: i.e. combining legal status with specific forms of participation and identification. While naturalization is not a single moment in time and not merely an administrative procedure, in this paper, emphasis is placed on the part of the naturalization trajectory that involves dealing with administrative requirements. The paper draws on semi-directed interviews with new citizens residing in the Ottawa-Gatineau region. Participants were recruited through calls for participation. Inductive interview analysis generated key themes related to various dimensions of the naturalization process (e.g. application, study guide, test, ceremony) by means of vertical and horizontal analyses. Results show that new Canadians are acutely aware of being part of a multi-ethnic middle class nation-state project. Those who can, rely upon their skills and qualifications to downplay what they identify as cultural, linguistic and religious biases inherent to the Canadian naturalization process. Boundaries nevertheless remain bright for the less educated, as well as for those offended or intimidated by these biases.
description: Komplexe Dynamiken globaler und lokaler Entwicklungen: Verhandlungen des 39. Kongresses der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Soziologie in Göttingen 2018
Additional file 2 of Cartilage-binding antibodies initiate joint inflammation and promote chronic erosive arthritis
Creators: name: Yanpeng Li
name: Dongmei Tong
name: Peibin Liang
name: Lönnblom, Erik
name: Viljanen, Johan
name: Bingze Xu
name: Kutty Selva Nandakumar
name: Holmdahl, Rikard
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Additional file 2 : Table S2. Showing disease incidence and maximum arthritis score in BQ.Ncf1* mice. Comparisons were done between 2mg/4mg Cab3 and 2mg/4mg anti-CII in regard of max arthritis score. Significant difference was observed between 4mg Cab3 and 4mg anti-CII after LPS injection.
Waves in Strongly Nonlinear Gardner-like Equations on a Lattice
Creators: name: Rosenau, Philip
name: Pikovsky, Arkady
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce and study a family of lattice equations which may be viewed either as a strongly nonlinear discrete extension of the Gardner equation, or a non-convex variant of the Lotka-Volterra chain. Their deceptively simple form supports a very rich family of complex solitary patterns. Some of these patterns are also found in the quasi-continuum rendition, but the more intriguing ones, like interlaced pairs of solitary waves, or waves which may reverse their direction either spontaneously or due a collision, are an intrinsic feature of the discrete realm.
AN AGENT-BASED NETWORK APPROACH FOR UNDERSTANDING, ANALYZING AND SUPPORTING RURAL PRODUCER ORGANIZATIONS IN AGRICULTURE
Creators: name: Latynskiy, Evgeny
name: Berger, Thomas
name: Latynskiy, Evgeny
name: Berger, Thomas
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Institutional and Behavioral Economics
subject: Producer Organizations
subject: Multi-agent Systems
subject: Socioeconomic Networks
subject: Participatory Approach
subject: Decision Support Systems
subject: Smallholder Farmers
subject: Rural Development
subject: Produzentenorganisationen
subject: Multi-Agentensysteme
subject: Sozioökonomische Netzwerke
subject: Partizipativer Ansatz
subject: Entscheidungsunterstützungssysteme
subject: Kleinbauern
subject: Ländliche Entwicklung

description: Recent empirical findings suggest that empowerment of producer organizations (POs) in agriculture requires an effective targeting and case-specific design of development interventions. By viewing PO as a socio-economic network, we develop an agent-based modeling approach for ex-ante impact assessment of PO support interventions. The paper demonstrates the application of the approach to the example of coffee producers from Uganda and analyzes one of their sub-county level networks more closely. The simulation model is implemented with stakeholder involvement through interactive net-map sessions. The simulation experiments reflect the interventions that are being implemented or considered for implementation by ongoing research of the International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI). The predicted effects of interventions are displayed at the levels of the producer organization and individual farming households, emphasizing the importance of careful implementation of future motivation schemes.
Turbulent drag reduction over curved walls
Creators: name: Banchetti, Jacopo
name: Luchini, Paolo
name: Quadrio, Maurizio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This work studies the effects of skin-friction drag reduction in a turbulent flow over a curved wall, with a view to understanding the relationship between the reduction of friction and changes to the total aerodynamic drag. Direct numerical simulations (DNS) are carried out for an incompressible turbulent flow in a channel where one wall has a small bump; two bump geometries are considered, that produce mildly separated and attached flows. Friction drag reduction is achieved by applying streamwise-travelling waves of spanwise velocity (StTW). The local friction reduction produced by the StTW is found to vary along the curved wall, leading to a global friction reduction that, for the cases studied, is up to 10\% larger than that obtained in the plane-wall case. Moreover, the modified skin friction induces non-negligible changes of pressure drag, which is favorably affected by StTW and globally reduces by up to 10\%. The net power saving, accounting for the power required to create the StTW, is positive and, for the cases studied, is one half larger than the net saving of the planar case. The study suggests that reducing friction at the surface of a body of complex shape induces further effects, a simplistic evaluation of which might lead to underestimating the total drag reduction.
ERMITTLUNG DER INDIVIDUELLEN RISIKOEINSTELLUNG: VERGLEICH VERSCHIEDENER METHODEN UND PERSONENGRUPPEN
Creators: name: Maart, Syster Christin
name: Musshoff, Oliver
name: Ewald, Jorn
name: Maart, Syster Christin
name: Musshoff, Oliver
name: Ewald, Jorn
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: Risk and Uncertainty
subject: Messung der Risikoeinstellung
subject: Holt-und-Laury-Lotterie
subject: Selbsteinschätzung
subject: unternehmensbezogen- kontextuierte Statements
subject: Measuring the risk attitude
subject: Holt-and-Laury-lottery
subject: self-assessment
subject: business-related contextualized statements

description: Viele Untersuchungen zur Quantifizierung der individuellen Risikoeinstellung von Probanden zeigen, dass verschiedene Methoden zur Messung der Risikoeinstellung zu unterschiedlichen Ergebnissen führen können. Zusätzliche Zweifel bezüglich der Zuverlässigkeit der Ergebnisse resultieren daraus, dass vielfach mit Convenience Groups, wie z. B. Studierenden oder Unternehmern in Entwicklungsländern, gearbeitet wird. Vor diesem Hintergrund vergleichen wir systematisch verschiedene Methoden, um herauszufinden, wie stark die Methodenwahl die Ergebnisse beeinflusst. Außerdem vergleichen wir die Risikoeinstellung deutscher Landwirte mit der von deutschen Studierenden und der von kasachischen Landwirten, um zu überprüfen, ob über die Risikoeinstellung von Convenience Groups die Verteilung der Risikoeinstellung landwirtschaftlicher Unternehmer in Industrieländern bestimmt werden kann. Die Risikoeinstellung, die mit den einzelnen Methoden bei den deutschen Landwirten gefunden wurden, weisen über alle Erhebungsmethoden hinweg nur leicht positive Korrelationen auf. Signifikante Unterschiede im Antwortverhalten der deutschen Studierenden und der deutschen Landwirte zeigen, dass es nicht ohne Weiteres möglich ist, Rückschlüsse von Studierenden auf Landwirte zu ziehen. Signifikante Ähnlichkeiten konnten bezüglich des Antwortverhaltens bei den kasachischen und deutschen Landwirten identifiziert werden.
Observation of the Molecular Zeeman Effect in the G band
Creators: name: Ramos, A. Asensio
name: Bueno, J. Trujillo
name: Bianda, M.
name: Sainz, R. Manso
name: Uitenbroek, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Here we report on the first observational investigation of the Zeeman effect in the G band around 4305 A. Our spectropolarimetric observations of sunspots with the Zurich Imaging Polarimeter at the IRSOL facility confirm our previous theoretical prediction that the molecular Zeeman effect produces measurable circular polarization signatures in several CH lines that are not overlapped with atomic transitions. We also find both circular and linear polarization signals produced by atomic lines whose wavelengths lie in the G band spectral region. Together, such molecular and atomic lines are potentially important for empirical investigations on solar and stellar magnetism. For instance, a comparison between observed and calculated Stokes profiles suggests that the thermodynamical and/or magnetic properties of the photospheric regions of sunspot umbrae are horizontally structured with a component that might be associated with umbral dots.
description: 11 pages, 4 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ Letters
A New Record of Orchidaceae from Guangxi: Galeola nudifolia Lour.
Creators: name: CUI Xueqiang
name: HUANG Changyan
name: DENG Jieling
name: SONG Qian
name: YAN Haixia
name: TANG Xuan
name: ZHANG Zibin
name: CUI Xueqiang
name: HUANG Changyan
name: DENG Jieling
name: SONG Qian
name: YAN Haixia
name: TANG Xuan
name: ZHANG Zibin
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Orchidaceae, New record, Galeola nudifolia Lour.

description: This paper reported a new record of Orchidaceae from Guangxi, Galeola nudifolia Lour. This species was previously known from Hainan Province and Yunnan Province of China, India, Myanmar, Vietnam, Thailand, Malaysia, Indonesia and the Philippines. The new Orchidaceae record has broken the record of only one species of the genus Galeola Lour. in Guangxi, and it filled the gap in the northern part of the original distribution area, and proved that the species in general is in a continuous distribution state. The new Orchidaceae record in Guangxi is of great significance to the study of the distribution pattern and geographical origin of the species.
Land Fragmentation and Market Integration - Heterogeneous Technologies in Kosovo
Creators: name: Sauer, Johannes
name: Davidova, Sophia
name: Gorton, Matthew
name: Sauer, Johannes
name: Davidova, Sophia
name: Gorton, Matthew
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: Land fragmentation
subject: market integration
subject: farm households
subject: Landfragmentierung
subject: Marktintegration
subject: Farmhaushalte
subject: Kosovo

description: This paper empirically measures the prevalence of heterogeneous technologies in a sample of small-scale agricultural producers as an answer to structural conditions and market risks. Such risks are closely linked to the effects of land fragmentation and the degree of market integration. We use the empirical case of Kosovo as a transition country to investigate the efficiency effects of land fragmentation by simultaneously considering the effects of market integration. Different to previous studies, we assume that land fragmentation and market integration lead to the prevalence of heterogeneous technologies allowing farm households to respond more efficiently to exogenous price and policy shocks given their fragmentation and subsistence situation. The empirical work links the latent class frontier method to the estimation of a directional output distance function. We estimate beside primal technology measures also dual Morishima type elasticities of substitution investigating changes in production decisions based on relative shadow price changes.
title: 02_1594
Creators: name: Wesley Baldwin, John
name: Baldwin, John W.
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: LaMOP
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris

description: L'ensemble de ces notes ont été crée par John Baldwin lors d'une de ses premières périodes de résidence à Paris. Ces documents comprennent tous les magistri qu’il avait pu rencontrer dans ses sources. Aux XIIème et XIIIème siècles, les universités n'existant pas encore, le titre de magister s'il évoque certainement une compétence n'est pas rattaché de façon systématique au passage par les écoles. De surcroît, les magistris sont le plus souvent désignés par leur seul prénom. La lecture de ces données est donc difficile et suppose un long travail pour tenter d'identifier un individu auquel on pourrait rattacher plusieurs mentions. John Baldwin avait donc renoncé à utiliser ces données pour donner un prolongement à sa magnifique étude sur les gradués d'université et leur emploi par les Capétiens et les Plantagenêts. Néanmoins, il a conservé ces données et elles sont potentiellement très utile dans le cadre de Studium, comme le sont toutes les mentions dans les volumes des Fasti Ecclesiae Gallicanae de chanoines portant ce titre de magister sans autres précisions. L'ampleur des dépouillements rend ces données très utiles et nous devons une grande reconnaissance à John Baldwin pour avoir pris la peine de faire photocopier ses fiches et de nous les avoir transmises amicalement.
Les données ainsi que les images des fiches sont accessibles sur le site Internet à l'adresse suivante : http://studium-baldwin.lamop.fr/.
Les transcriptions des fiches ont été effectuées par des étudiants de Paris 1 Panthéon - Sorbonne mais elles n'ont pas été corrigées par la suite.
description: Relation: https://lamop.hypotheses.org/
XMM-Newton observations of the supernova remnant RX J1713.7-3946 and its central source
Creators: name: Cassam-Chenai, G.
name: Decourchelle, A.
name: Ballet, J.
name: Sauvageot, J. -L.
name: Dubner, G.
name: Giacani, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present new results coming from the observations of the supernova remnant (SNR) RX J1713.7--3946 (also G347.3--0.5) performed in five distinct pointings with the EPIC instrument on board the satellite XMM-Newton. RX J1713.7--3946 is a shell-type SNR dominated by synchrotron radiation in the X-rays. Its emission (emission measure and photon index) as well as the absorption along the line-of-sight has been characterized over the entire SNR. The X-ray mapping of the absorbing column density has revealed strong well constrained variations (0.4 10^22 cm^-2 < NH < 1.1 10^22 cm^-2) and, particularly, a strong absorption in the southwest. Moreover, there are several clues indicating that the shock front of RX J1713.7--3946 is impacting the clouds responsible for the absorption as revealed for instance by the positive correlation between X-ray absorption and X-ray brightness along the western rims. The CO and HI observations show that the inferred cumulative absorbing column densities are in excellent agreement with the X-ray findings in different places of the remnant on condition that the SNR lies at a distance of 1.3 +/- 0.4 kpc, probably in the Sagittarius galactic arm, instead of the commonly accepted value of 6 kpc. An excess in the CO emission is found in the southwest suggesting that the absorption is due to molecular clouds. A search for OH masers in the southwestern region has been unsuccessful, possibly due to the low density of the clouds. The X-ray mapping of the photon index has also revealed strong variations (1.8 < Gamma < 2.6). [See the article for the entire abstract]
description: 19 pages, 24 figures, accepted for publication in A&A
Identification of novel genetic alterations in the progression of lung and oral cancer
Creators: name: Garnis, Cathie
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: The major etiological factor for oral and lung cancer is tobacco and both diseases have poor survival and high recurrence rates. In order to facilitate early diagnosis and lay the groundwork for new treatment strategies, we must determine the genetic alterations that drive these diseases. Due to the genomic instability associated with late stage tumors, early causal genetic changes will be best identified by studying both premalignant lesions and invasive tumors. The overall objective of this thesis is to identify genetic alterations that are associated with the progression of lung and oral cancer and to further assess if these changes are of biological importance. This will help to identify candidate genes for use as diagnostic markers and/or therapeutic targets. The first genome-scanning technique used was a PCR-based technique: RAPD-PCR. From this analysis we cloned and localized 15 recurrent alterations in the lung and oral samples. Two of these alterations, 13ql4 and 8q22, were further fine mapped using microsatellite analysis to reveal two candidate genes: AKAP220 and ST7. The remaining regions identified with RAPD-PCR were then fine-mapped by comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) using a bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) array. We called this array the regional array as it contained 26 selected regions as well as complete coverage of chromosome arms lp, 3p, and 5p. This methodology identified numerous novel regions of alteration and highlighted the value of the premalignant lesion: we found that there were fewer alterations in the premalignant lesions as well as some discrete changes that were masked in the later stage samples. We expanded this approach by using a new CGH array that covers the entire genome and have profiled various histopathological stages in both oral and lung cancer. This new tool is ideal for novel gene discovery as no prior knowledge of regions is required. Whole genome profiling of different histopathological stages for both oral and lung cancer has given us insight into the genetic alterations associated with the progression of these diseases. While oral and lung cancer share some similarities, such as the early loss of chromosome 3p and 9p, there are also some drastic differences. By combining high resolution CGH tiling arrays with precious pre-invasive material we have for the first time produced a comprehensive view of oral and lung pre-invasive lesion genomes. In doing this, we have identified numerous recurrent novel genetic alterations and have shown the biological relevance of these alterations through expression analysis. In the future these candidates will serve as potential diagnostic makers and therapeutic targets.
Efficient Innovation in Dairy Production - Empirical Findings for Germany
Creators: name: Sauer, Johannes
name: Latacz-Lohmann, Uwe
name: Sauer, Johannes
name: Latacz-Lohmann, Uwe
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: Innovation
subject: Efficiency
subject: Dairy Farming
subject: Microeconometrics
subject: Effizienz
subject: Milchproduktion
subject: Mikroökonometrie

description: This empirical study aims to shed light on the dynamic linkages between innovation and efficiency at individual farm level. We use a comprehensive dataset for dairy farms in Germany for the period 1995 to 2010. Based on a directional distance function framework we estimate the changes in efficiency, technical change and productivity over the period considered. In a second step we then investigate possible factors for technically efficient milk production at farm level before we finally try to identify those farms that are capable of translating investments in innovative technologies into actual efficiency gains over time applying a multinomial logit approach. Our empirical findings reveal that investments in innovative dairy technologies are only reflected in higher profitability if sufficient Know-How for the efficient use of these innovations is available.
Additional file 1 of Cartilage-binding antibodies initiate joint inflammation and promote chronic erosive arthritis
Creators: name: Yanpeng Li
name: Dongmei Tong
name: Peibin Liang
name: Lönnblom, Erik
name: Viljanen, Johan
name: Bingze Xu
name: Kutty Selva Nandakumar
name: Holmdahl, Rikard
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Additional file 1 : Table S1. Showing information about peptides sequences. The cyclic peptide \P6-R247 (239CHADSVLERDGSRSSVC255) shares the same core sequence with P6-R-R but contains additional Cys residues at both N and C terminus to facilitate the formation of an intra-chain disulfide bond and thus a cyclic form of the peptide in neutral buffer solution. c=citrulline.
Multi-Label Sentiment Analysis on 100 Languages with Dynamic Weighting for Label Imbalance
Creators: name: Yilmaz, Selim F.
name: Kaynak, E. Batuhan
name: Koç, Aykut
name: Dibeklioğlu, Hamdi
name: Kozat, Suleyman S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We investigate cross-lingual sentiment analysis, which has attracted significant attention due to its applications in various areas including market research, politics and social sciences. In particular, we introduce a sentiment analysis framework in multi-label setting as it obeys Plutchik wheel of emotions. We introduce a novel dynamic weighting method that balances the contribution from each class during training, unlike previous static weighting methods that assign non-changing weights based on their class frequency. Moreover, we adapt the focal loss that favors harder instances from single-label object recognition literature to our multi-label setting. Furthermore, we derive a method to choose optimal class-specific thresholds that maximize the macro-f1 score in linear time complexity. Through an extensive set of experiments, we show that our method obtains the state-of-the-art performance in 7 of 9 metrics in 3 different languages using a single model compared to the common baselines and the best-performing methods in the SemEval competition. We publicly share our code for our model, which can perform sentiment analysis in 100 languages, to facilitate further research.
description: 11 pages, 6 figures
DIE BESTIMMUNGSFAKTOREN DER RÄUMLICHEN VERTEILUNG DER BIOGASPRODUKTION IN DEUTSCHLAND
Creators: name: Scholz, Lukas
name: Meyer-Aurich, Andreas
name: Kirschke, Dieter
name: Scholz, Lukas
name: Meyer-Aurich, Andreas
name: Kirschke, Dieter
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: Biogasproduktion
subject: räumliche Verteilung
subject: räumlich-ökonometrische Schätzungen

description: Die räumliche Verteilung der Biogasproduktion in Deutschland ist heterogen und weist innerhalb der einzelnen Bundesländer Schwerpunkte auf. Die Studie untersucht die Bestimmungsfaktoren der räumlichen Verteilung der Biogasproduktion in Deutschland. Neben den zu identifizierenden natürlichen, betrieblichen und sozio-ökonomischen Bestimmungsfaktoren, werden auch mögliche Agglomerationseffekte und deren Einfluss auf die räumliche Verteilung der Biogasproduktion betrachtet.
Additional file 2 of Open versus arthroscopic ankle arthrodesis: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Creators: name: Tsz Ngai Mok
name: Qiyu He
name: Soundarya Panneerselavam
name: Huajun Wang
name: Huige Hou
name: Xiaofei Zheng
name: Jinghua Pan
name: Li, Jieruo
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 2: Table S2. Modified Coleman methodology.
INTERNATIONAL PRICE TRANSMISSION IN CGE MODELS: HOW TO RECONCILE ECONOMETRIC EVIDENCE AND ENDOGENOUS MODEL RESPONSE?
Creators: name: Siddig, Khalid H.A.
name: Grethe, Harald
name: Siddig, Khalid H.A.
name: Grethe, Harald
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: price transmission
subject: CGE models
subject: international trade
subject: Preistransmission
subject: internationaler Handel

description: The field of price transmission is dominated by econometric time-series analysis (PTA) and rather disconnected from analyses based on CGE models. This paper addresses how a certain degree of empirically determined price transmission can be met in a single country CGE model. We examine and validate seven determinants including structural characteristics of the model, the parameterization of behavioral functions and properties of the sectors concerned.
Overtwisted energy-minimizing curl eigenfields
Creators: name: Ghrist, R.
name: Komendarczyk, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Symplectic Geometry (math.SG)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 58J05, 37J55

description: We consider energy-minimizing divergence-free eigenfields of the curl operator in dimension three from the perspective of contact topology. We give a negative answer to a question of Etnyre and the first author by constructing curl eigenfields which minimize $L^2$ energy on their co-adjoint orbit, yet are orthogonal to an overtwisted contact structure. We conjecture that $K$-contact structures on $S^1$-bundles always define tight minimizers, and prove a partial result in this direction.
description: published version
Additional file 3 of Open versus arthroscopic ankle arthrodesis: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Creators: name: Tsz Ngai Mok
name: Qiyu He
name: Soundarya Panneerselavam
name: Huajun Wang
name: Huige Hou
name: Xiaofei Zheng
name: Jinghua Pan
name: Li, Jieruo
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 3: Table S3. Published bias
Enhanced CP asymmetries in $B \to K μ^+ μ^-$
Creators: name: Bečirević, Damir
name: Fajfer, Svjetlana
name: Košnik, Nejc
name: Smolkovič, Aleks
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that the current values of $R_K^\mathrm{exp}$ and $R_{K^\ast}^\mathrm{exp}$ can be accommodated by allowing a nonzero New Physics coupling $δC_9^{μμ}$ to be complex, both in the scenario in which only $δC_9^{μμ}$ is affected, and in the scenario with complex $δC_{9,10}^{μμ}$ satisfying $δC_{9}^{μμ}=-δC_{10}^{μμ}$. A presence of the weak CP-violating phase can then be tested by measuring the CP-asymmetry, $\mathcal{A}_\mathrm{CP}$. We show that this asymmetry is enhanced around the peak of each $c\bar c$-resonance, and in fact more pronounced in the close vicinity of $J/ψ$ and $ψ(2S)$. Therefore, measuring $\mathcal{A}_\mathrm{CP}$ before and after the resonances' peak could be revelatory of the CP-violation that originates from beyond the Standard Model, or to be a significant constrain when building a realistic scenario of New Physics.
description: Added missing references
Lebensmittelklarheit.de und Verbraucherpolitik - zum Leitbild des informierten und aufmerksamen Verbrauchers
Creators: name: Mäncher, Anna
name: Mäncher, Anna
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: Health Economics and Policy
subject: Verbraucherpolitik
subject: Täuschung
subject: Produktinformation
subject: Ignoranz

description: Die Beschwerdeführer auf Lebensmittelklarheit spiegeln ein schwer nachvollziehbares Verbraucherverhalten wider: Führt ein niedriger Involvementgrad bei Lebensmitteln zu einer verminderten Wahrnehmung von Produktinformationen und einer damit verbundenen Einsparung der knappen Ressource Zeit, ist das Involvement im Falle einer Produkt(ent)täuschung in der Nachkaufphase weitaus stärker ausgeprägt. Verbraucher scheuen keine Mühe, den zeitlich ausgeprägten Beschwerdeaufwand in Form einer Produktmeldung auf Lebensmittelklarheit in Kauf zu nehmen. Dabei ist die Produkt(ent)täuschung in der vorliegenden Stichprobe zu rund 72 Prozent `selbstverschuldet´. In 53 Prozent der Fälle hätte das Lesen des Zutatenverzeichnisses zur Vermeidung des Täuschungsvorwurfs geführt.
Classroom Teaching Evaluation of Chinese Painting as a Form of Fine Arts in Rural Junior High Schools
Creators: name: ZHU Haishan
name: LAN Shuifeng
name: ZHU Haishan
name: LAN Shuifeng
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Fine arts in rural junior high schools, Traditional Chinese painting, Teaching evaluation, China

description: Teaching evaluation is an indispensable part of the teaching system of junior high school. In order to inherit the excellent traditional Chinese culture and arts, traditional Chinese painting has been paid more and more attention to in the fine art curriculum of rural junior high school. This paper takes the classroom teaching evaluation of traditional Chinese painting as a form of fine arts in rural junior high school as the research object, and analyzes the problems existing in the classroom teaching evaluation of traditional Chinese painting in rural junior high school. This paper puts forward the corresponding improvement measures from the aspects of comprehensive evaluation object, concrete evaluation content, flexible evaluation language and diversified evaluation subjects, in order to improve the evaluation level of fine art teachers' classroom teaching, improve students' aesthetic cognition and learning interest in traditional Chinese painting, and cultivate students' innovative thinking and spirit.
Stabilizers and orbits of smooth functions
Creators: name: Maksymenko, Sergey
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 37C05, 57S05, 57R45

description: Let $f:R^m \to R$ be a smooth function such that $f(0)=0$. We give a condition on $f$ when for arbitrary preserving orientation diffeomorphism $ϕ:\mathbb{R} \to \mathbb{R}$ such that $ϕ(0)=0$ the function $ϕ\circ f$ is right equivalent to $f$, i.e. there exists a diffeomorphism $h:\mathbb{R}^m \to \mathbb{R}^m$ such that $ϕ\circ f = f \circ h$ at $0\in \mathbb{R}^m$. The requirement is that $f$ belongs to its Jacobi ideal. This property is rather general: it is invariant with respect to the stable equivalence of singularities, and holds for non-degenerated critical points, simple singularities and many others. We also globalize this result as follows. Let $M$ be a smooth compact manifold, $f:M \to [0,1]$ a surjective smooth function, $\mathrm{Diff}(M)$ the group of diffeomorphisms of $M$, and $\mathrm{Diff}^{[0,1]}(\mathbb{R})$ the group of diffeomorphisms of $\mathbb{R}$ that have compact support and leave $[0,1]$ invariant. There are two natural right and left-right actions of $\mathrm{Diff}(M)$ and $\mathrm{Diff}(M) \times \mathrm{Diff}^{[0,1]}(\mathbb{R})$ on $C^{\infty}(M,R)$. Let $S_M(f)$, $S_{MR}(f)$, $O_{M}(f)$, and $O_{MR}(f)$ be the corresponding stabilizers and orbits of $f$ with respect to these actions. Under mild assumptions on $f$ we get the following homotopy equivalences $S_M(f) \approx S_{MR}(f)$ and $O_M \approx O_{MR}$. Similar results are obtained for smooth mappings $M \to S^1$.
description: This is the second version of the paper. Now the cases $P=\mathbb{R}$ and $P=S^1$ considered from unique point of view. In particular, this covers the results of the preprint http://xxx.lanl.gov/math.FA/0503734. Moreover, the role of the condition for a function to belong to its Jacobi ideal is explained
DNA sequence visualization with arithmetic coding
Creators: name: Avirath Sundaresan
name: Lee, Benjamin D.
Publisher: name: F1000 Research Limited
Year: 2021

description: We propose a novel two-dimensional graphical visualization method to intuitively analyze and compare multiple DNA sequences. To do so, we employ arithmetic coding, a lossless entropy-based compression method, to transform a sequence into a representative series of bits, taking advantage of differing DNA k-mer frequencies to encode DNA sequences more efficiently than standard two-bit encoding methods. To better visualize and compare related sequences, the k-mer frequencies used to generate the encoding can be derived from multiple sequences. The compressed binary sequence then is represented by a series of vectors constituting a two-dimensional graphical visualization that avoids degeneracy and loss of information. This DNA visualization method can be used to explore variation across sequences in an efficient and intuitive manner.
Saturn Equation of anomaly, Toledan Table by Pedersen (Fritz S.) (2002) | Type-B (ID n° 289)
Creators: name: Pedersen, Fritz S.
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2022
Subjects: Astronomy
History of astronomy
DISHAS
Astronomical table

description: This is a type B edition: A type-B edition corresponds to a critical edition of several table witnesses:
 it is based on several different editions, themselves based on tables from different primary sources.
 A type-B edition can be based on type-A, type-B or type-C editions.
You can find it on the DISHAS project website from this link: https://dishas.obspm.fr/table-edition/289
description: Source: The Toledan Tables, Pedersen (Fritz S.), 2002
Der Energiepflanzenanbau im Landkreis Görlitz: Eine ökonomische Analyse
Creators: name: Schläfke, Nicole
name: Uckert, Götz
name: Starick, Anja
name: Zander, Peter
name: Schläfke, Nicole
name: Uckert, Götz
name: Starick, Anja
name: Zander, Peter
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: Bioenergie
subject: Landnutzungsmodell
subject: Szenarien

description: Vor dem Hintergrund zunehmenden Energiepflanzenanbaus und potentiell negativer Auswirkungen auf Ökosystemdienstleistungen wurde im Projekt Löbestein untersucht wie sich diese Entwicklung unter unterschiedlichen Rahmenbedingungen fortsetzen könnte. Diese Arbeit lotet dabei auf Basis der vereinbarten Szenarien und mit Hilfe eines einzelbetrieblichen Optimierungsmodells aus, wie sich die Landnutzung bei verschiedenen Biomasse-Strategien im Landkreis Görlitz entwickeln könnte. Die Szenarien variieren den Ausbau von Biogas und die Nutzung von Holz aus Wald- und Ackerflächen bei unterschiedlichen Nachhaltigkeitsauflagen für die Landnutzung. Die Ergebnisse zeigen exemplarisch und räumlich differenziert die entstehenden Landnutzungsstrukturen mit unterschiedlichen Anteilen an Energiemais, Kurzumtriebsplantagen und Agarumweltmaßnahmen.
Additional file 1 of Estimating the effectiveness of self-help groups on the adoption of secondary preventive measures by people living with HIV in Central America, 2012
Creators: name: Sanchez-Dominguez, Mario Salvador
name: Lamadrid-Figueroa, Hector
name: Leyva-Flores, Rene
name: Infante-Xibille, Cesar
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1. Questionnaire Risk Profile of people living with HIV for the beneficiary countries of the REDCA+ Regional Program.
Hoffmann_2007
Creators: name: Charlène Morel, G. Hoffmann
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2017

description: G. Hoffmann, Spuren Früher Zeiten, Funde und Fundstatten im Landkreis Rastatt, Verlag Regionalkultur, 2007
Hamiltonian formulation of curvature squared action
Creators: name: Sanyal, Abhik Kumar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It has been observed earlier that, in principle, it is possible to obtain a quantum mechanical interpretation of higher order quantum cosmological models in the spatially homogeneous and isotropic background, if auxiliary variable required for the Hamiltonian formulation of the theory is chosen properly. It was suggested that for such a choice, it is required to get rid of all the total derivative terms from the action containing higher order curvature invariant terms, prior to the introduction of auxiliary variable. Here, the earlier work has been modified and it is shown that the action, $A=β\int \sqrt{-g} R^2 d^4 x$ should be supplemented by a boundary term in the form $σ=4β\int ^{3}R K \sqrt{h} d^{3}x$, where, $^3 R$, $K$ and $h$ are the Ricci scalar for three-space, trace of the extrinsic curvature and determinant of the metric on the three space respectively. The result has been tested in the background of homogeneous and anisotropic models and thus confirmed.
description: 15 pages, latex
On the Chow ring of Fano varieties of type $S6$
Creators: name: Laterveer, Robert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14C15, 14C25

description: Fatighenti and Mongardi have defined Fano varieties of type S6 as zero loci of a certain vector bundle on the Grassmannian $\hbox{Gr}(2,10)$. These varieties have 3 Hodge structures of K3 type in their cohomology. We show that the Chow ring of these varieties also displays "K3 type" behaviour.
description: 12 pages, comments still welcome !
Photovoltaik – Soziale und ökonomische Faktoren des Investitionsverhaltens auf landwirtschaftlichen Betrieben
Creators: name: Plaas, Elke
name: Bergmann, Holger
name: Plaas, Elke
name: Bergmann, Holger
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: Erneuerbare Energien
subject: Investitionsverhalten
subject: Lebenszyklusmodell
subject: Soziale Faktoren

description: In diesem Beitrag wird der Frage nachgegangen, welchen Einfluss Familie und soziales Umfeld auf Investitionen in erneuerbare Energieerzeugung auf landwirtschaftlichen Betrieben in den Jahren bis 2012 gehabt haben. In einer mündlichen Befragung im Rahmen der EUROTIER 2012 wurden 235 Landwirt/innen befragt. Die Analyse der erhobenen Daten wurde auf die Grundlage des Lebenszyklusmodells gestellt, um zu überprüfen, ob die Mehrzahl der Landwirte landwirtschaftliche Einkommen maximieren oder satisfizieren. Insgesamt zeigt diese Studie, dass Investitionszurückhaltung bei einzelnen Betriebsleitern fast nur auf persönliche Umstände und weniger auf finanz-ökonomisch messbare Indikatoren zurückzuführen ist.
Indikatoren einer sozial nachhaltigen Landwirtschaft
Creators: name: Kraus, Armin
name: Lakner, Sebastian
name: Kraus, Armin
name: Lakner, Sebastian
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: Soziale Nachhaltigkeit
subject: Indikatorsysteme
subject: nachhaltige Entwicklung
subject: nachhaltige Landwirtschaft

description: Die Forderung, neben ökologischen auch ökonomische und soziale Aspekte bei einer nachhaltigen Entwicklung der Landwirtschaft zu betrachten, findet sich immer häufiger. Die Definition von sozialer Nachhaltigkeit, die Auswahl der Indikatoren und die Adressaten der Forschung sind dagegen sehr heterogen. Der vorliegende Beitrag wertet fünf verschiedene Indikatorsysteme zur sozialen Nachhaltigkeit im Hinblick auf Fragestellungen, Themenbereiche und gewählte Indikatoren aus. Es zeigt sich, dass es zwar einen gewissen Grundkonsens gibt, welche Themen für wichtig gehalten werden, wie etwa die Arbeitsbedingungen oder der Tierschutz. Die gewählten Indikatoren, Schwerpunktsetzungen und die Adressaten von Studien sind dagegen sehr unterschiedlich.