cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Grauer Haare Ehren-Cranz denen beeden Eh-Verlobten als da seynd Tit. Hr. Georg Widmann, bey dem löbl. Gymnasio in Nürnberg über die 40. Jahr wohlverdienter Con-Rector und Collega, als Bräutigam: Tit. Fr. Anna Maria Hn. Johann Jacob Linkens Seel. deß grössern Raths hinterlassene Wittib, als Braut: Bey dero, den 23. Februarij dieses 1685sten Jahrs, Gott gebe glücklich angestelltem Hochzeit-Fest, aus herzlicher Bey-Freude, gewunden und gebunden; [1685]
Creators: name: Stübner, Johann
name: Widmann, Georg
name: Widmann, Anna Maria
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
Year: 2016

description: Vorlageform des Erscheinungsvermerks: Nürnberg, Gedruckt bey Johann Michael Spörlin.
Ergodic Properties of Discrete Dynamical Systems and Enveloping Semigroups
Creators: name: Romanov, A. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary 37A30, Secondary 20M20

description: For a continuous semicascade on a metrizable compact set $Ω$, we consider the weak$^{*}$ convergence of generalized operator ergodic means in ${\rm End}\, \, C^{*} (Ω)$. We discuss conditions on the dynamical system under which (a) every ergodic net contains a convergent subsequence; (b) all ergodic nets converge; (c) all ergodic sequences converge. We study the relationships between the convergence of ergodic means and the properties of transitivity of the proximality relation on $Ω$, minimality of supports of ergodic measures, and uniqueness of minimal sets in the closure of trajectories of a semicascade. These problems are solved in terms of three algebraic-topological objects associated with the dynamical system: the Ellis enveloping semigroup, the Köhler operator semigroup $Γ$, and the semigroup $G$ that is the weak$^{*} $ closure of the convex hull of $Γ$ in ${\rm End}\, C^{*} (Ω)$. The main results are stated for ordinary semicascades (whose Ellis semigroup is metrizable) and tame semicascades. For a dynamics, being ordinary is equivalent to being "nonchaotic" in an appropriate sense. We present a classification of compact dynamical systems in terms of topological properties of the above-mentioned semigroups.
description: 24 pages
Role of Dirac cones in magnetotransport properties of REFeAsO (RE=rare earth) oxypnictides
Creators: name: Pallecchi, I.
name: Bernardini, F.
name: Caglieris, F.
name: Palenzona, A.
name: Massidda, S.
name: Putti, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work we study the effect of the rare earth element in iron oxypnictides of composition REFeAsO (RE=rare earth). On one hand we carry out Density Functional Theory calculations of the band structure, which evidence the multiband character of these compounds and the presence of Dirac cones along the Y-Γ and Z-R directions of the reciprocal space. On the other hand, we explore transport behavior by means of resistivity, Hall resistance and magnetoresistance measurements, which confirm the dominant role of Dirac cones. By combining our theoretical and experimental approaches, we extract information on effective masses, scattering rates and Fermi velocities for different rare earth elements.
description: 13 pages, 5 figures accepted for publication on European Journal of Physics B
Crocidura yankariensis Hutterer and Jenkins 1980
Creators: name: Honacki, James H.
name: Kinman, Kenneth E.
name: Koeppl, James W.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1982
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Insectivora
Soricidae
Crocidura
Crocidura yankariensis

description: Crocidura yankariensis Hutterer and Jenkins, 1980. Bull. Br. Mus. (Nat. Hist.) Zool., 39:305. TYPE LOCALITY: Nigeria, Bauchi State, 16 km E. of Yankari Game Reserve boundary, Futuk (9° 50' N „ 10° 55' E.). DISTRIBUTION: Futuk and Wikki (N. Nigeria).
description: Published as part of James H. Honacki, Kenneth E. Kinman & James W. Koeppl, 1982, Order Insectivora, pp. 58-106 in Mammal Species of the World (1 st Edition), Lawrence, Kansas, USA :Alien Press, Inc. & The Association of Systematics Collections on page 84, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7353001
Stacked Patch Antenna With Cross Slot Electronic Band Gap Structure
Creators: name: Raghava, N. S
name: De, Asok
name: Kataria, Nitish
name: Chatterjee, Sarthak
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Other Computer Science (cs.OH)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 94-06

description: A cross slotted electronic band gap (EBG) with stacked rectangular patches shorted with a shorting pin is proposed in this paper. The study is being done on how the various parameters are varied by changing the probe feed location. The design is constructed by using stacking of patches, shorting pin and cross slotted EBG to form an optimized antenna design with antenna efficiency of approximately 99.06%. The radiation patterns are given at 2.586 GHz which can be used for wireless communications.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures, 1 table. Presented Research Paper in International Congress on Innovative Trends in Information Technology and Computing Sciences for Competitive World Order (ITITCSCWO - 2013) on 2nd and 3rd of March 2013, at J.N.U, New Delhi. Research Paper published in International Journal of Information and Computation Technology(IJICT), Volume 3, Number 5, 2013. ISSN 0974-2239
SU(5) Octet Scalar at the LHC
Creators: name: Khalil, S.
name: Salem, S.
name: Allam, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Color scalars are salient features of non-minimal SU(5) model, where Higgs sector is extended by 45-dimensional multiplet. We show that gauge coupling unification can be realized in this model with TeV octet scalar and intermediate (~10^6 GeV) color-triplet scalar at scale larger than 10^{15} GeV. We analyze the possible LHC signatures of these TeV octet scalars. We emphasize that multi-(b)-jet final states provide significant signal for direct probe of octet scalars at the LHC.
description: 8 pages, 6 figures
Optimal interface doping at La_2/3Sr_1/3MnO_3/SrTiO_3(001) heterojunctions for spintronic applications
Creators: name: Wang, C.
name: Stojic, N.
name: Binggeli, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine, by means of ab initio pseudopotential calculations, La_2/3Sr_1/3MnO_3/SrTiO_3 (LSMO/STO) heterojunctions in which one unit layer of La_(1-x)Sr_xMnO_3 (with 0
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
Crocidura zaianensis Vesmanis and Vesmanis 1979
Creators: name: Honacki, James H.
name: Kinman, Kenneth E.
name: Koeppl, James W.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1982
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Insectivora
Soricidae
Crocidura
Crocidura zaianensis

description: Crocidura zaianensis Vesmanis and Vesmanis, 1979. Zool. Abh. Mus. Tierk. Dresden, 36(2): 62. TYPE LOCALITY: Morocco, Settat Prov., 5 km N. Ben-Silmane, 33° 39' N., 7° 08' W. DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality from a single specimen. COMMENT: RH questions the validity of this species.
description: Published as part of James H. Honacki, Kenneth E. Kinman & James W. Koeppl, 1982, Order Insectivora, pp. 58-106 in Mammal Species of the World (1 st Edition), Lawrence, Kansas, USA :Alien Press, Inc. & The Association of Systematics Collections on page 84, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7353001
Crocidura zaodon Osgood 1910
Creators: name: Honacki, James H.
name: Kinman, Kenneth E.
name: Koeppl, James W.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1982
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Insectivora
Soricidae
Crocidura
Crocidura zaodon

description: Crocidura zaodon Osgood, 1910. Field Mus. Nat. Hist. Publ. Ser. Zool., 10:21. TYPE LOCALITY: Kenya, Nairobi. DISTRIBUTION: Ethiopia throughout E. Africa to Zambia and Angola, and W. Cameroun. COMMENT: Includes ansorgei, cabrerai, kempi, lakiunde, nilotica, nyikae, provocax, soricoidcs, tarella, and zena; see Heim de Balsac and Meester, 1977, Part 1:25-26. Gureev, 1979:409, listed ansorgei, nilotica, and zena as distinct species without comment.
description: Published as part of James H. Honacki, Kenneth E. Kinman & James W. Koeppl, 1982, Order Insectivora, pp. 58-106 in Mammal Species of the World (1 st Edition), Lawrence, Kansas, USA :Alien Press, Inc. & The Association of Systematics Collections on page 84, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7353001
description: {"references": ["Heim de Balsac, H., and J. Meester. 1977. Order Insectivora. Part 1. Pp. 1 - 29, in The mammals of Africa: An identification manual (J. Meester and H. W. Setzer, eds.). [issued 22 Aug 1977]. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, D. C., not continuously paginated.", "Gureev, A. A. 1979. Fauna SSSR, Mlekopitayutschie, tom. 4, vyp. 2. Nasekomoyadnye ... [Fauna of the USSR, Mammals, vol. 4, pt. 2. Insectivores (Mammalia, Insectivora)]. Nauka, Leningrad, 501 pp. (in Russian)."]}
Electron-vibrational interaction in the 5d states of Eu2+ ions in Sr6-xEuxBP5O20 (x=0.01; 0.03; 0.05; 0.07; 0.09; 0.11; 0.13; 0.15)
Creators: name: Hou, Dejian
name: Ma, C. -G.
name: Liang, Hongbin
name: Brik, M. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the present paper we report on the combined experimental and theoretical study of the Sr6-xEuxBP5O20 (x=0.01; 0.03; 0.05; 0.07; 0.09; 0.11; 0.13; 0.15) phosphors. Details of the samples preparation and spectroscopic measurements are followed by the analysis of the room-temperature absorption and emission spectra, which yielded the main parameters of the electron-phonon coupling, such as Huang-Rhys factor, Stokes shift, effective phonon energy, and zero-phonon line position were determined for the first time for the studied system. The obtained parameters were used to model the emission band shapes, which perfectly reproduce the experimental results for all samples.
On the necessary conditions for bursts of convection within the rapidly rotating cylindrical annulus
Creators: name: Teed, Robert J.
name: Jones, Chris A.
name: Hollerbach, Rainer
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Zonal flows are often found in rotating convective systems. Not only are these jet-flows driven by the convection, they can also have a profound effect on the nature of the convection. In this work the cylindrical annulus geometry is exploited in order to perform nonlinear simulations seeking to produce strong zonal flows and multiple jets. The parameter regime is extended to Prandtl numbers that are not unity. Multiple jets are found to be spaced according to a Rhines scaling based on the zonal flow speed, not the convective velocity speed. Under certain conditions the nonlinear convection appears in quasi-periodic bursts. A mean field stability analysis is performed around a basic state containing both the zonal flow and the mean temperature gradient found from the nonlinear simulations. The convective growth rates are found to fluctuate with both of these mean quantities suggesting that both are necessary in order for the bursting phenomenon to occur.
A Synergistic Approach for Recovering Occlusion-Free Textured 3D Maps of Urban Facades from Heterogeneous Cartographic Data
Creators: name: Hammoudi, Karim
name: Dornaika, Fadi
name: Soheilian, Bahman
name: Vallet, Bruno
name: McDonald, John
name: Paparoditis, Nicolas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: I.4; I.5

description: In this paper we present a practical approach for generating an occlusion-free textured 3D map of urban facades by the synergistic use of terrestrial images, 3D point clouds and area-based information. Particularly in dense urban environments, the high presence of urban objects in front of the facades causes significant difficulties for several stages in computational building modeling. Major challenges lie on the one hand in extracting complete 3D facade quadrilateral delimitations and on the other hand in generating occlusion-free facade textures. For these reasons, we describe a straightforward approach for completing and recovering facade geometry and textures by exploiting the data complementarity of terrestrial multi-source imagery and area-based information.
WWV Time Tick Arrival Time Study to Investigate Multiple Modes During Daily Dawn and Dusk Transitions
Creators: name: Cerwin, Steve
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Ionospheric propagation
Time of Flight
WWV
GPSDO
Multihop modes

description: Time of Flight measurement were performed on skywave signals from WWV in Ft.Collins, CO to amateur radio station WA5FRF near San Antonio, TX. Times of flight for multiple propagation modes were identified and compared to IRI ray trace models.The presentation gives instrumentation methods and measured results.
Correlation Swap Analytics
Creators: name: Yang, Alex
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: correlation swap, correlation swap pricing

description: A Correlation Swap is a contract whose payoff at maturity is the difference between the realized correlation and the strike. The realized correlation has two main components: historical correlation part and future realized correlation part.
description: https://ia803401.us.archive.org/11/items/eq-correlation-swap-26/EqCorrelationSwap-archive.pdf
Probabilistic generation of random networks taking into account information on motifs occurrence
Creators: name: Bois, Frederic Y.
name: Gayraud, Ghislaine
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: Molecular Networks (q-bio.MN)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Because of the huge number of graphs possible even with a small number of nodes, inference on network structure is known to be a challenging problem. Generating large random directed graphs with prescribed probabilities of occurrences of some meaningful patterns (motifs) is also difficult. We show how to generate such random graphs according to a formal probabilistic representation, using fast Markov chain Monte Carlo methods to sample them. As an illustration, we generate realistic graphs with several hundred nodes mimicking a gene transcription interaction network in Escherichia coli.
A global estimate for the Diederich--Fornaess index of weakly pseudoconvex domains
Creators: name: Adachi, Masanori
name: Brinkschulte, Judith
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary 32V15, Secondary 32V40

description: A uniform upper bound for the Diederich--Fornaess index is given for weakly pseudoconvex domains whose Levi-form of the boundary vanishes in $\ell$-directions everywhere.
description: 11 pages, final version, to appear in Nagoya Mathematical Journal
Correlation Swap Pricing
Creators: name: Lee, David
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: correlation swap, correlation swap pricing

description: A Correlation Swap is a contract in which the option buyer receives the difference between the observed correlation and the strike correlation on a basket of assets, observed over a specified time interval.
description: https://ia801400.us.archive.org/17/items/eq-correlation-swap-26/EqCorrelationSwap-26.pdf
The Link between Magnetic Fields and Filamentary Clouds: Bimodal Cloud Orientations in the Gould Belt
Creators: name: Li, Hua-bai
name: Fang, Min
name: Henning, Thomas
name: Kainulainen, Jouni
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The orientations of filamentary molecular clouds in the Gould Belt and their local ICM (inter-cloud media) magnetic fields are studied using near-infrared dust extinction maps and optical stellar polarimetry data. These filamentary clouds are a few-to-ten parsecs in length, and we find that their orientations tend to be either parallel or perpendicular to the mean field directions of the local ICM. This bimodal distribution is not found in cloud simulations with super-Alfvenic turbulence, in which the cloud orientations should be random. ICM magnetic fields that are dynamically important compared to inertial-range turbulence and self-gravity can readily explain both field-filament configurations. Previous studies commonly recognize that strong magnetic fields can guide gravitational contraction and result in filaments perpendicular to them, but few discuss the fact that magnetic fields can also channel sub-Alfvenic turbulence to form filaments aligned with them. This strong-field scenario of cloud formation is also consistent with the constant field strength observed from ICM to clouds (Crutcher et al. 2010) and is possible to explain the "hub-filament" cloud structure (Myers 2009) and the density threshold of cloud gravitational contraction (Kainulainen et al. 2009).
description: 26 pages, 7 figures, accepted by MNRAS
Correlation Swap Pricing
Creators: name: Lee, David
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: correlation swap, correlation swap pricing

description: A Correlation Swap is a contract in which the option buyer receives the difference between the observed correlation and the strike correlation on a basket of assets, observed over a specified time interval.
description: https://ia803401.us.archive.org/11/items/eq-correlation-swap-26/EqCorrelationSwap-archive.pdf
Preparation of a clay based superabsorbent polymer composite of copolymer poly(acrylate-co-acrylamide) with bentonite via microwave radiation
Creators: name: Kalaleh, Hussam-Aldeen
name: Tally, Mohammad
name: Atassi, Yomen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we present a fast, new and easy method for the preparation of bentonite-g-poly(acrylate-co-acrylamide) composite material using microwave radiation. The composite has water absorptivity of 1002 g/g while the corresponding copolymer is tacky and has poor gel texture. The relative thermal stability of the composite in comparison with the copolymer was proved via thermogravimetric analysis These results indicate the synergistic effect of the bentonite with the copolymer by increasing water absorptivity and enhancing thermal and mechanical properties of the final gel. The composite was characterized by X-ray and FTIR. The influence of the environmental parameters on water absorptivity such as the pH and the ionic force was investigated
description: 9 pages, 6 figures
Crocidura zaphiri Dollman 1915
Creators: name: Honacki, James H.
name: Kinman, Kenneth E.
name: Koeppl, James W.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1982
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Insectivora
Soricidae
Crocidura
Crocidura zaphiri

description: Crocidura zaphiri Dollman, 1915. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 8, 15: 509; 16:66. TYPE LOCALITY: Ethiopia, Kaffa, Charada Forest. DISTRIBUTION: Kaffa, (S. Ethiopia); Kaimosi, Kisumu (Kenya). COMMENT: Includes simiolus; see Osgood, 1936, Field Mus. Nat. Hist. Publ. Ser. Zool., 20:224; Heim de Balsac and Meester, 1977, Part 1:26. ISIS NUMBER: 5301403007005138001.
description: Published as part of James H. Honacki, Kenneth E. Kinman & James W. Koeppl, 1982, Order Insectivora, pp. 58-106 in Mammal Species of the World (1 st Edition), Lawrence, Kansas, USA :Alien Press, Inc. & The Association of Systematics Collections on page 84, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7353001
description: {"references": ["Osgood, W. H. 1936. New and imperfectly known small mammals from Africa. Field Museum of Natural History, Zoological Series, 20: 217 - 256.", "Heim de Balsac, H., and J. Meester. 1977. Order Insectivora. Part 1. Pp. 1 - 29, in The mammals of Africa: An identification manual (J. Meester and H. W. Setzer, eds.). [issued 22 Aug 1977]. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, D. C., not continuously paginated."]}
A relation of the PAH 3.3 um feature with star-forming activity for galaxies with a wide range of infrared luminosity
Creators: name: Yamada, Rika
name: Oyabu, Shinki
name: Kaneda, Hidehiro
name: Yamagishi, Mitsuyoshi
name: Ishihara, Daisuke
name: Kim, Ji Hoon
name: Im, Myungshin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: For star-forming galaxies, we investigate a global relation between polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) emission luminosity at 3.3 um, L_PAH3.3, and infrared (8-1000 um) luminosity, L_IR, to understand how the PAH 3.3 um feature relates to the star formation activity. With AKARI, we performed near-infrared (2.5-5 um) spectroscopy of 184 galaxies which have L_IR \sim 10^8 - 10^13 L_sun. We classify the samples into infrared galaxies (IRGs; L_IR < 10^11 L_sun), luminous infrared galaxies (LIRGs; L_IR \sim 10^11 -10^12 L_sun) and ultra luminous infrared galaxies (ULIRGs; L_IR > 10^12 L_sun). We exclude sources which are likely contaminated by AGN activity, based on the rest-frame equivalent width of the PAH emission feature (< 40 nm) and the power-law index representing the slope of continuum emission (Gamma > 1; F_nu \propto lambda^Gamma). Of these samples, 13 IRGs, 67 LIRGs and 20 ULIRGs show PAH emission feature at lambda_rest= 3.3 um in their spectra. We find that the L_PAH3.3/L_IR ratio considerably decreases toward the luminous end. Utilizing the mass and temperature of dust grains as well as the BrAlpha emission for the galaxies, we discuss the cause of the relative decrease in the PAH emission with L_IR.
description: 24 pages, 9 figures, accepted for publication in PASJ
Tropicalizing the space of admissible covers
Creators: name: Cavalieri, Renzo
name: Markwig, Hannah
name: Ranganathan, Dhruv
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We study the relationship between tropical and classical Hurwitz moduli spaces. Following recent work of Abramovich, Caporaso and Payne, we outline a tropicalization for the moduli space of generalized Hurwitz covers of an arbitrary genus curve. Our approach is to appeal to the geometry of admissible covers, which compactify the Hurwitz scheme. We define and construct a moduli space of tropical admissible covers, and study its relationship with the skeleton of the Berkovich analytification of the classical space of admissible covers. We use techniques from non-archimedean geometry to show that the tropical and classical tautological maps are compatible via tropicalization, and that the degree of the classical branch map can be recovered from the tropical side. As a consequence, we obtain a proof, at the level of moduli spaces, of the equality of classical and tropical Hurwitz numbers.
description: 34 pages, 12 TikZ figures. v3: An error in the references has been corrected. To appear in Mathematische Annalen
Electronic Visualisation in Chemistry: From Alchemy to Art
Creators: name: Harrison, Karl
name: Bowen, Jonathan P.
name: Bowen, Alice M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Graphics (cs.GR)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: I.3.m; J.3; J.5

description: Chemists now routinely use software as part of their work. For example, virtual chemistry allows chemical reactions to be simulated. In particular, a selection of software is available for the visualisation of complex 3-dimensional molecular structures. Many of these are very beautiful in their own right. As well as being included as illustrations in academic papers, such visualisations are often used on the covers of chemistry journals as artistically decorative and attractive motifs. Chemical images have also been used as the basis of artworks in exhibitions. This paper explores the development of the relationship of chemistry, art, and IT. It covers some of the increasingly sophisticated software used to generate these projections (e.g., UCSF Chimera) and their progressive use as a visual art form.
description: 8 pages, 27 figures, EVA London 2013
Residual symmetries in the lepton mass matrices
Creators: name: Grimus, Walter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It has been suggested that residual symmetries in the charged-lepton and neutrino mass matrices can possibly reveal the flavour symmetry group of the lepton sector. We review the basic ideas of this purely group-theoretical approach and discuss some of its results. Finally, we also list its shortcomings.
description: 7 pages no figures, talk presented at XXXVII International Conference of Theoretical Physics, "Matter to the Deepest," Ustron, September 1-6, 2013
Crocidura zarudnyi Ognev 1928
Creators: name: Honacki, James H.
name: Kinman, Kenneth E.
name: Koeppl, James W.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1982
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Insectivora
Soricidae
Crocidura
Crocidura zarudnyi

description: Crocidura zarudnyi Ognev, 1928. Mammals of Eastern Europe and Northern Asia, 1:341. TYPE LOCALITY: Iran, Baluchistan (border). DISTRIBUTION: S. E. Iran; W. Pakistan; Afghanistan.
description: Published as part of James H. Honacki, Kenneth E. Kinman & James W. Koeppl, 1982, Order Insectivora, pp. 58-106 in Mammal Species of the World (1 st Edition), Lawrence, Kansas, USA :Alien Press, Inc. & The Association of Systematics Collections on page 84, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7353001
Laser‐Induced Carbon Nanofiber‐Based Redox Cycling System (Cover)
Creators: name: Perju, Antonia-Teodora
name: Wongkaew, Nongnoot
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: 540 Chemie

description: Invited for this issue's Front Cover is the group of Nongnoot Wongkaew. The cover picture shows an example of a 3D-electrochemical redox-cycling system made from laser-induced carbon nanofiber electrodes where a fibrous insulating layer with a thickness in the range of micrometers is placed vertically between two electrodes. The cyclic voltammograms in blue and green exhibit the current response from the generator and collector, respectively, while the orange-pink one represents the situation without redox cycling. Read the full text of the Research Article at 10.1002/celc.202300271
Crocidura zimmeri Osgood 1936
Creators: name: Honacki, James H.
name: Kinman, Kenneth E.
name: Koeppl, James W.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1982
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Insectivora
Soricidae
Crocidura
Crocidura zimmeri

description: Crocidura zimmeri Osgood, 1936. Field Mus. Nat. Hist. Publ. Ser. Zool., 20:223. TYPE LOCALITY: Zaire, Katanga Prov., Lualaba River, Katobwe, near Bukoma. DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. ISIS NUMBER: 5301403007005139001.
description: Published as part of James H. Honacki, Kenneth E. Kinman & James W. Koeppl, 1982, Order Insectivora, pp. 58-106 in Mammal Species of the World (1 st Edition), Lawrence, Kansas, USA :Alien Press, Inc. & The Association of Systematics Collections on page 85, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7353001
Brownian Dynamics without Green's Functions
Creators: name: Delong, S.
name: Usabiaga, F. Balboa
name: Delgado-Buscalioni, R.
name: Griffith, B. E.
name: Donev, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop a Fluctuating Immersed Boundary (FIB) method for performing Brownian dynamics simulations of confined particle suspensions. Unlike traditional methods which employ analytical Green's functions for Stokes flow in the confined geometry, the FIB method uses a fluctuating finite-volume Stokes solver to generate the action of the response functions "on the fly". Importantly, we demonstrate that both the deterministic terms necessary to capture the hydrodynamic interactions among the suspended particles, as well as the stochastic terms necessary to generate the hydrodynamically-correlated Brownian motion, can be generated by solving the steady Stokes equations numerically only once per time step. This is accomplished by including a stochastic contribution to the stress tensor in the fluid equations consistent with fluctuating hydrodynamics. We develop novel temporal integrators that account for the multiplicative nature of the noise in the equations of Brownian dynamics and the strong dependence of the mobility on the configuration for confined systems. Notably, we propose a random finite difference approach to approximating the stochastic drift proportional to the divergence of the configuration-dependent mobility matrix. Through comparisons with analytical and existing computational results, we numerically demonstrate the ability of the FIB method to accurately capture both the static (equilibrium) and dynamic properties of interacting particles in flow.
description: For software see https://github.com/stochasticHydroTools/MixingIBAMR This version is updated relative to journal version with some fixes and an updated Figs. 1 and 4 and Table 1 to show latest boundary condition capabilities of the IBAMR code
A simplified view of blazars: comparison with multi-frequency observations
Creators: name: Giommi, Paolo
name: Padovani, Paolo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have recently proposed a new scenario where blazars are classified as flat-spectrum radio quasars or BL Lacs according to the prescriptions of unified schemes, and to a varying combination of Doppler boosted radiation from the jet, emission from the accretion disk, the broad line region, and light from the host galaxy. This mix of different components leads to strong selection effects, which are properly taken into account in our scheme. We describe here the main features of our approach, which solves many long-standing issues of blazar research, give the most important results, and discuss its implications and testable predictions.
description: 4 pages, Proceedings of the Thirteenth Marcel Grossman Meeting on General Relativity
Thermodynamic properties of liquid mercury to 520 K and 7 GPa from acoustic velocity measurements
Creators: name: Ayrinhac, Simon
name: Gauthier, Michel
name: Bove, Livia E.
name: Morand, Marc
name: Marchand, Gilles Le
name: Bergame, Frédéric
name: Decremps, Frédéric
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Ultrafast acoustics measurements on liquid mercury have been performed at high pressure and temperature in diamond anvils cell using picosecond acoustic interferometry. We extract the density of mercury from adiabatic sound velocities using a numerical iterative procedure. The pressure and temperature dependence of the thermal expansion, the isothermal compressibilty, the isothermal bulk modulus and its pressure derivative are derived up to 7 GPa and 520 K. In the high pressure regime, the sound velocity values, at a given density, are shown to be only slightly dependent on the specific temperature and pressure conditions. The density dependence of sound velocity at low density is consistent with that observed with our data at high density in the metallic liquid state.
description: 10 pages, 13 figures and 3 tables
bibliotherapy and writing therapy
Creators: name: Hu, Chao
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine and Health Sciences

description: We propose a novel WT paradigm that should be effective for current Chinese healthcare workers and participants in a similar situation: WT with immediate imagery feedback by the AI art technology, e.g., Disco Diffusion. In this paradigm, participants will type down their thoughts and feelings about traumatic events during the pandemic freely and privately. At the same time, the AI will comprehend participants' thoughts and feelings via the text they typed and generate art imagery corresponding to their thoughts and feelings in about 20 seconds. To our knowledge, this will be the first WT therapy with almost real-time imagery feedback.
Enhancing threat detection in military personnel via tDCS
Creators: name: Willmot, Nick
name: Leow, Li-Ann
name: Dux, Paul
name: Filmer, Hannah
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Life Sciences

description: Military duties require the modern soldier to operate in increasingly complex battlespaces. Continued innovation in defence technologies require soldiers to flexibly adapt (for example, to different surveillance equipment and weaponry). As such, military training can be both time- and resource-intensive. There is thus interest in interventions which can optimise training efficiency. One such cognitive intervention currently being investigated by military organisations is a form of non-invasive brain stimulation known as transcranial direct-current stimulation (tDCS). tDCS involves applying a weak DC current (0.5-4.0 mA) to the head via a pair of saline soaked sponge electrodes and has featured heavily in cognitive research over the past two decades (for a review, see Filmer et al., 2020). There have been several military-funded brain stimulation studies (Clark et al., 2012; Gibson et al., 2020), some of which have suggested potential benefits of tDCS, for example in countering fatigue (McIntire et al., 2014) and increasing vigilance (Nelson et al., 2015). In particular, one research group has shown tDCS-related improvements in a military-relevant threat-detection task. Clark et al. (2012) used 2mA anodal tDCS to stimulate the right prefrontal cortex, as undergraduate participants completed a threat-detection task identifying obscured and concealed threats in still images taken from the US Army’s DARWARS system. On average, participants who received right prefrontal cortex anodal tDCS performed the task twice as well as those receiving sham stimulation. Effects of similar magnitude were observed in subsequent studies (Coffman et al., 2012; Falcone et al., 2012) using similar stimulation parameters (intensity, location, and duration). Importantly however, these studies have used undergraduate participants, who likely differ from military personnel in experience in threat-detection tasks, as well as in other important aspects, such as levels of physical activity. It is thus unclear if these effects will readily generalise to military personnel. Here, we test the effect of tDCS in threat-detection in a sample of Australian Army soldiers, extending previous work conducted in undergraduate participants (Clark et al., 2012; Coffman et al., 2012; Falcone et al., 2012). We additionally investigate if effects are site-specific, by using an active control site, to assess the specific role of the right ventrolateral prefrontal cortex in the threat-detection task.
Consistent description of the electronic structure of SrVO$_{3}$ within GW+DMFT
Creators: name: Sakuma, R.
name: Werner, Ph.
name: Aryasetiawan, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a detailed calculation of the electronic structure of SrVO$_{3}$ based on the GW+DMFT method. We show that a proper inclusion of the frequency-dependent Hubbard U and the nonlocal self-energy via the GW approximation, as well as a careful treatment of the Fermi level, are crucial for obtaining an accurate and coherent picture of the quasi-particle band structure and satellite features of SrVO$_{3}$. The GW+DMFT results for SrVO$_{3}$ are not attainable within the GW approximation or the LDA+DMFT scheme.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures
Cryptotis Pomel 1848
Creators: name: Honacki, James H.
name: Kinman, Kenneth E.
name: Koeppl, James W.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1982
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Insectivora
Soricidae
Cryptotis

description: Cryptotis Pomel, 1848. Arch. Sei. Phys. Nat. Geneve, 9: 249. REVIEWED BY: J. R. Choate (JRC). COMMENT: Revised in part by Choate, 1970, Univ. Kans. Publ. Mus. Nat. Hist., 19: 195-317. Subfamily Soricinae, tribe Blarinini; see Repenning, 1967:37. Formerly included C. surinamensis which was transferred to Sorex araneus by Husson, 1963, Studies on the Fauna of Surinam and other Guyanas, 13:35- 37. Gureev, 1979:433-437, did not cite Choate (op. cit.), and recognized those species Choate considered synonyms. A key to the genus was published by Choate and Fleharty, 1974, Mamm. Species, 44:1-3. ISIS NUMBER: 5301403007006000000.
description: Published as part of James H. Honacki, Kenneth E. Kinman & James W. Koeppl, 1982, Order Insectivora, pp. 58-106 in Mammal Species of the World (1 st Edition), Lawrence, Kansas, USA :Alien Press, Inc. & The Association of Systematics Collections on page 85, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7353001
description: {"references": ["Choate, J. R. 1970. Systematics and zoogeography of Middle American shrews of the genus Cryptotis. University of Kansas, Publications of the Museum of Natural History, 19: 195 - 317.", "Repenning, C. A. 1967. Subfamilies and genera of the Soricidae. Geological Survey Professional Paper, 565: 1 - 74.", "Husson, A. M. 1963. On Blarina pyrrhonota and Echimys macrourus: Two mammals incorrectly assigned to the Suriname fauna. Studies on the Fauna of Suriname and other Guyanas, 5: 34 - 41, 2 pls.", "Gureev, A. A. 1979. Fauna SSSR, Mlekopitayutschie, tom. 4, vyp. 2. Nasekomoyadnye ... [Fauna of the USSR, Mammals, vol. 4, pt. 2. Insectivores (Mammalia, Insectivora)]. Nauka, Leningrad, 501 pp. (in Russian).", "Choate, J. R., and E. D. Fleharty. 1974. Cryptotis goodwini. Mammalian Species, 44: 1 - 3."]}
title: Προοπτικές ανάπτυξης του Λαυρίου σε κομβικό λιμάνι του Αιγαίου
title: Development prospects of Laurius as a hub port of Aegean Sea
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Λουτίνσκαϊα, Νάντια
Publisher: name: Πανεπιστήμιο Δυτικής Αττικής
Year: 2022
Subjects: Λιμάνι Λαυρίου
Λιμενικές υπηρεσίες
Ποιότητα υπηρεσιών
Προσφορά και ζήτηση
Έρευνα ικανοποίησης

description: Η παρούσα μελέτη εκπονήθηκε με γνώμονα τις εξελίξεις που συντελέστηκαν τις τελευταίες δεκαετίες στη ναυτιλία, καθώς και στη λιμενική βιομηχανία. Oι μεταβολές των τελευταίων ετών άλλαξαν άρδην το τοπίο και σχημάτισαν νέες τάσεις στο τοπικό και διεθνές εμπόριο, όπως είναι η εισαγωγή των logistics, οι συνδυασμένες μεταφορές, τα κέντρα μεταφόρτωσης και η ιδιωτικοποίηση πολλών λιμένων. Από τη συλλογή δεδομένων αναλύθηκαν σε βάθος η ζήτηση και η προσφορά των υπηρεσιών στους λιμένες της Ελλάδος. Επιπλέον, συλλέχθηκαν πληροφορίες για την παροχή λιμενικών υπηρεσιών από τα λιμάνια του εξωτερικού που αποτελούν κόμβους προσέγγισης πλοίων. Η συλλογή όλων των δεδομένων ήταν καίρια για τη μελέτη του λιμένα Λαυρίου. Η μελλοντική ιδιωτικοποίηση του συγκεκριμένου λιμένα θα δώσει πολλές ευκαιρίες ανάπτυξης τόσο στο ίδιο το λιμάνι όσο και στην τοπική κοινότητα. Έχοντας πολλές δυνατότητες το λιμάνι του Λαυρίου, εξετάστηκαν οι πιθανότητες της ανάδειξής του σε κομβικό λιμάνι του Αιγαίου. Η εκπόνηση μιας έρευνας με τη χρήση ερωτηματολογίου βοήθησε στη συλλογή και επεξεργασία πληροφορίων που έδωσε τη δυνατότητα εστίασης στις ανάγκες του λιμένα Λαυρίου αλλά παράλληλα και της ανάδειξης στοιχείων που μπορούν να καταστήσουν το λιμάνι αυτό «κόμβο» του Αιγαίου για την προσέλευση πλοίων.
Cryptotis avia G. M. Allen 1923
Creators: name: Honacki, James H.
name: Kinman, Kenneth E.
name: Koeppl, James W.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1982
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Insectivora
Soricidae
Cryptotis
Cryptotis avia

description: Cryptotis avia G. M. Allen, 1923. Proc. N. Engl. Zool. Club, 8:37 TYPE LOCALITY: Colombia, El Jerjon, east of Bogota. DISTRIBUTION: E. Cordillera of Colombia. ISIS NUMBER: 5301403007006001001 as C. avius (sic).
description: Published as part of James H. Honacki, Kenneth E. Kinman & James W. Koeppl, 1982, Order Insectivora, pp. 58-106 in Mammal Species of the World (1 st Edition), Lawrence, Kansas, USA :Alien Press, Inc. & The Association of Systematics Collections on page 85, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7353001
title: Der Pegnitz Hirten FrülingsFreude; 1645
title: Herrn M. Andre Jahnens und Jungfer Marien Simons Myrtenfeste gewidmet, den vj. des Blumen Monats. Im Jahre M.DC.XLV.
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Harsdörffer, Georg Philipp
name: Klaj, Johann
name: Birken, Sigmund von
name: Jahn, Andreas
name: Jahn, Maria
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
Year: 2016

description: Text lat. und dt.
title: Το θεσμικό πλαίσιο εκτέλεσης συμβάσεων δημόσιων έργων. Τα λιμενικά έργα. Η περίπτωση του Λιμένα Ηρακλείου
title: The institutional framework for the execution of public works contracts. Port works. The case of the Port of Heraklion
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Λυριντζάκης, Σταύρος
Publisher: name: Πανεπιστήμιο Δυτικής Αττικής
Year: 2022
Subjects: Θεσμικό πλαίσιο
Δημόσια έργα
Λιμενικά έργα
Συμβάσεις δημοσίου
Λιμένας Ηρακλείου
Νόμος 4412
Νομοθεσία δημοσίων έργων

description: Η παρούσα εργασία επικεντρώνεται στην Νομοθεσία Εκτέλεσης των Δημοσίων Έργων. Γίνεται αναφορά στους σχετικούς Νόμους από το 1932 μέχρι και σήμερα με τον Νόμο 4412/16 όπως έχει τροποποιηθεί και ισχύει και με τον οποίο έγινε πλήρη προσαρμογή με τις Ευρωπαϊκές Οδηγίες και αναφέρεται σε όλα τα επίπεδα των Συμβάσεων (Έργα, Μελέτες, Προμήθειες, Παροχή Υπηρεσιών κλπ.). Για την πληρότητα του θέματος γίνεται αναφορά στις διαφορές Δημόσιων και Ιδιωτικών Έργων και στα Λιμενικά Έργα. Ως ένα παράδειγμα εφαρμογής της Νομοθεσίας έχει επιλεγεί ένα Λιμενικό έργο, το οποίο κατασκευάστηκε την περίοδο 1997-98 στο Λιμάνι Ηρακλείου και το οποίο στην συνέχεια υπέστη σοβαρές ζημιές λόγω των λαθών που έγιναν κατά την σύνταξη της μελέτης και των παραμέτρων που ελήφθησαν για την υλοποίηση της, αλλά και στην συνέχεια της κατασκευής και λειτουργίας του, που οδήγησαν αρχικά στην κατάρρευση τμήματος του και στην συνέχεια στην Δικαιοσύνη στελέχη τόσο των υπηρεσιών εκπόνησης της μελέτης και επίβλεψης του έργου όσο και του Αναδόχου εκτέλεσής του, τα οποία τελικά όλα αθωώθηκαν στην δίκη που έγινε το 2004, όσο αφορά τα κακουργήματα διότι ότι είχαν εγκαίρως ενημερώσει τον Κύριο του Έργου (Λιμενική Επιτροπή Ηρακλείου) για την ζημιά που είχε υποστεί το έργο και είχαν ζητήσει την άμεση αποκατάσταση της και για τα πλημμελήματα λόγω της παραγραφής τους. Τα κυρίως προβλήματα που διαφάνηκαν είναι αφενός το γεγονός ότι στα Δημόσια Έργα δεν τηρείται κατά γράμμα η Κείμενη Νομοθεσία και αφετέρου η εμπλοκή του Φορέα στον οποίο ανήκει η Διευθύνουσα Υπηρεσία ενός έργου στην διοίκηση του έργου. Ως λύση στο πρώτο σκέλος θα ήταν το Κράτος να ακολουθήσει είτε την τακτική της αύξησης των προσλήψεων στο Δημόσιο, είτε να συνεχίσει με τομές όπως τις τροποποιήσεις που έφερε με τον Ν4412/16 και τον Ιδιωτικό Φορέα Επίβλεψης. Όσο δε αφορά την Μελέτη ενός έργου, μακράν η καλύτερη επιλογή για μια Τεχνική Υπηρεσία είναι η πλήρη ανάθεση της σε εξειδικευμένα Μελετητικά Γραφεία. Σχετικά με το δεύτερο σκέλος, η καθιέρωση ανεξάρτητου Πρωτοκόλλου για τα υλοποιούμενα έργα, θα ανεξαρτοποιούσε και θα απέμπλεκε την Διευθύνουσα Υπηρεσία ενός έργου, από την Διοίκηση του φορέα που αυτή ανήκει. Τέλος γίνεται αναφορά και στον Ν4413/16 περί Σύναψη Συμβάσεων Παραχώρησης, ενώ έχουν παρατεθεί και όλες οι Ελληνικές Τεχνικές Προδιαγραφές (ΕΤΕΠ), οι οποίες έχουν πλέον εναρμονιστεί πλήρως με τις Ευρωπαϊκές Οδηγίες και η τήρηση τους είναι υποχρεωτική σε όλα τα Δημόσια Έργα.
Quantitative modelling for the assessment of organizations’ sustainable development with the aim of formulating appropriate decision-making policies
Creators: name: Μπούρας, Δημήτριος
name: Bouras, Dimitris
Publisher: name: Πανεπιστήμιο Πειραιώς
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Sustainable development
subject: Sustainability
subject: Organizations' sustainability
subject: SDG
subject: Sustainable Development Goals
subject: SDG indicators

description: Η «Ατζέντα του Οργανισμού των Ηνωμένων Εθνών (ΟΗΕ) για τη Βιώσιμη Ανάπτυξη 2030» καλεί τις επιχειρήσεις να εφαρμόσουν πρωτοβουλίες, τη δημιουργικότητα τους και καινοτομίες για την αντιμετώπιση των προκλήσεων της βιώσιμης ανάπτυξης. Υπό αυτή την έννοια, η παρούσα διατριβή προτείνει ένα μοντέλο βιωσιμότητας για επιχειρηματική χρήση. Το μοντέλο θα διευκολύνει τις επιχειρήσεις στην επιλογή των κατάλληλων δεικτών Βιώσιμης Ανάπτυξης (SDG indicators), όπως και θα τονίσει πιθανά «κενά» βιωσιμότητας που ενδεχομένως υφίστανται. Για την ανάπτυξη του μοντέλου βιωσιμότητας, χρησιμοποιήθηκαν βασικές οικονομικές αρχές (όπως για παράδειγμα η θεωρία ελαχιστοποίησης του κόστους και η θεωρία κινδύνου), μια έρευνα στον τομέα της βιώσιμης ανάπτυξης καθώς και μια στατιστική μελέτη βασισμένη σε δεδομένα της Ευρωπαϊκής Ένωσης. Το αποτέλεσμα ήταν να διαμορφωθεί ένα ποσοτικό μοντέλο για την αξιολόγηση της βιώσιμης ανάπτυξης των οργανισμών, και μέσω αυτού να διευκολύνεται η λήψη των κατάλληλων αποφάσεων για τη διαμόρφωση μια ορθής πολιτικής. Το μοντέλο δοκιμάστηκε σε πραγματικές συνθήκες, υπό τη μορφή μελέτης περίπτωσης (case study), που πραγματοποιήθηκε στην Ελληνική Επιτροπή Ατομικής Ενέργειας.
Balanced Viscosity (BV) solutions to infinite-dimensional rate-independent systems
Creators: name: Mielke, Alexander
name: Rossi, Riccarda
name: Savaré, Giuseppe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Balanced Viscosity solutions to rate-independent systems arise as limits of regularized rate-independent flows by adding a superlinear vanishing-viscosity dissipation. We address the main issue of proving the existence of such limits for infinite-dimensional systems and of characterizing them by a couple of variational properties that combine a local stability condition and a balanced energy-dissipation identity. A careful description of the jump behavior of the solutions, of their differentiability properties, and of their equivalent representation by time rescaling is also presented. Our techniques rely on a suitable chain-rule inequality for functions of bounded variation in Banach spaces, on refined lower semicontinuity-compactness arguments, and on new BV-estimates that are of independent interest.
Energetic particle cross-field propagation early in a solar event
Creators: name: Laitinen, T.
name: Dalla, S.
name: Marsh, M. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Solar energetic particles (SEPs) have been observed to easily spread across heliographic longitudes, and the mechanisms responsible for this behaviour remain unclear. We use full-orbit simulations of a 10 MeV proton beam in a turbulent magnetic field to study to what extent the spread across the mean field can be described as diffusion early in a particle event. We compare the full-orbit code results to solutions of a Fokker-Planck equation including spatial and pitch angle diffusion, and of one including also propagation of the particles along random-walking magnetic field lines. We find that propagation of the particles along meandering field lines is the key process determining their cross-field spread at 1 AU at the beginning of the simulated event. The mean square displacement of the particles an hour after injection is an order of magnitude larger than that given by the diffusion model, indicating that models employing spatial cross-field diffusion cannot be used to describe early evolution of an SEP event. On the other hand, the diffusion of the particles from their initial field lines is negligible during the first 5 hours, which is consistent with the observations of SEP intensity dropouts. We conclude that modelling SEP events must take into account the particle propagation along meandering field lines for the first 20 hours of the event.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures; Accepted for publication in Astrophysical Journal Letters