cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Dynamical generation of interwoven soliton trains by nonlinear emission in binary Bose-Einstein condensates
Creators: name: Brazhnyi, V. A.
name: Novoa, David
name: Jisha, Chandroth P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a method for the generation of trains of alternating bright solitons in two-component Bose-Einstein condensates, using controlled emission of nonlinear matter-waves in the uncoupled regime with spatially-varying intra-species interaction and out-of-phase oscillations of the ground states in the trap. Under this scheme, solitons are sequentially launched from the different components, and interact with each other through phase-independent cross-coupling. We obtain an analytical estimation of the critical condition for soliton emission using a geometric guiding model, in analogy with integrated optical systems. In addition, we show how strong initial perturbations in the system can trigger the spontaneous generation of supersolitons, i.e. localized phonon-like excitations of the soliton trains. Finally, we demonstrate the controllable generation of slow and fast supersolitons by adding external localized potentials in the nonlinear region.
A Study of the Production of Sodium Perchlorate Electrolytically
Creators: name: Maurer, Frederic Andrew
Publisher: name: California Institute of Technology
Year: 1922
Subjects: subject: Chemical Engineering
subject: FOS: Chemical engineering

description: The purpose of this work is to investigate the electrolytic production of perchlorate from chloride, and particularly to determine which anode materials serve best under the rigorous conditions imposed.  In order that one may better understand what follows, it is necessary to briefly summarize the existing theory of the electrolytic formation of chlorate and perchlorate.
Home birth attendants in low income countries: who are they and what do they do?
Creators: name: Goudar, Shivaprasad
name: Lokangaka, Adrien
name: Hambridge, K. Michael
name: Wright, Linda L.
name: Koso-Thomas, Marion
name: Bose, Carl
name: Carlo, Waldemar A.
name: Liechty, Edward A.
name: Hibberd, Patricia L.
name: Bucher, Sherri
name: Whitworth, Ryan
name: Goldenberg, Robert L.
name: Garces, Ana
name: McClure, Elizabeth M.
name: Chomba, Elwyn
name: Patel, Archana
name: Pasha, Omrana
name: Tshefu, Antoinette
name: Esamai, Fabian
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2012
Subjects: Obstetrics
Gynecology

description: Nearly half the world’s babies are born at home. We sought to evaluate the training, knowledge, skills, and access to medical equipment and testing for home birth attendants across 7 international sites. Face-to-face interviews were done by trained interviewers to assess level of training, knowledge and practices regarding care during the antenatal, intrapartum and postpartum periods. The survey was administered to a sample of birth attendants conducting home or out-of-facility deliveries in 7 sites in 6 countries (India, Pakistan, Guatemala, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Kenya and Zambia). A total of 1226 home birth attendants were surveyed. Less than half the birth attendants were literate. Eighty percent had one month or less of formal training. Most home birth attendants did not have basic equipment (e.g., blood pressure apparatus, stethoscope, infant bag and mask manual resuscitator). Reporting of births and maternal and neonatal deaths to government agencies was low. Indian auxilliary nurse midwives, who perform some home but mainly clinic births, were far better trained and differed in many characteristics from the birth attendants who only performed deliveries at home. Home birth attendants in low-income countries were often illiterate, could not read numbers and had little formal training. Most had few of the skills or access to tests, medications and equipment that are necessary to reduce maternal, fetal or neonatal mortality.
A Colorimetric Determination of Hydrocyanic Acid
Creators: name: Ritchie, Charles Fisher
Publisher: name: California Institute of Technology
Year: 1922
Subjects: subject: Chemical Engineering
subject: FOS: Chemical engineering

description: The object of this investigation is to devise a rapid,
fairly accurate, colorimetric analysis for HCN to be used in field work
for determining instantaneous concentrations of the gas under fumigating
canvas. A large amount of money is expended yearly by the citrus industry
of this state in attempting to control and to eradicate the scale
pests. Although fumigation with HCN has been practiced tor many years,
the progress made has been anything but satisfactory. The greater portion of the work has always been carried on by contractors, who in a large number of cases have been very unscrupulous. The materials
and labor are very expensive and the growers have been satisfied to
adhere to beaten paths and hope for the best results on scale kill
with the least attendant foliage injury. One familiar with fumigating,
either from the grower's or the operator's viewpoint, knows that very
widely varying results are obtained, even under what are apparently
identical condition. Even after discounting for the dishonesty of
some operators and the prejudices of the grower, there is still a large variance between desired or expected results and those actually obtained.
Transfer matrix analysis of one-dimensional majority cellular automata with thermal noise
Creators: name: Lemoy, Rémi
name: Mozeika, Alexander
name: Seki, Shinnosuke
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Discrete Mathematics (cs.DM)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Thermal noise in a cellular automaton refers to a random perturbation to its function which eventually leads this automaton to an equilibrium state controlled by a temperature parameter. We study the 1-dimensional majority-3 cellular automaton under this model of noise. Without noise, each cell in this automaton decides its next state by majority voting among itself and its left and right neighbour cells. Transfer matrix analysis shows that the automaton always reaches a state in which every cell is in one of its two states with probability 1/2 and thus cannot remember even one bit of information. Numerical experiments, however, support the possibility of reliable computation for a long but finite time.
description: 12 pages, 4 figures
Pell Grants as Performance-Based Aid? An Examination of Satisfactory Academic Progress Requirements in the Nation's Largest Need-Based Aid Program
Creators: name: Schudde, Lauren
name: Scott-Clayton, Judith E.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2014
Subjects: Community college students--Education
Community colleges
Education, Higher

description: The Federal Pell Grant Program is the nation’s largest need-based grant program. While
students’ initial eligibility for the Pell is based on financial need, renewal of the award is
contingent on their making satisfactory academic progress (SAP)—meeting minimum academic
standards similar to those proposed in models of performance-based scholarships. It is not clear
how many students are affected by failure to meet SAP standards, or how the policies shape
student outcomes. In this study, we draw from literature on performance-based funding and
academic probation to consider the potential implications of SAP standards. We describe federal
guidelines and illustrate how SAP is evaluated in a statewide community college system. Using
administrative data with term-by-term measures of Pell receipt, student grades, attempted and
earned credits, persistence, degree attainment, and transfer, we employ regression discontinuity
and difference-in-differences approaches to examine the magnitude of SAP failure and its
effects. Our results suggest that a substantial portion of Pell recipients at community colleges are
at risk for Pell ineligibility due to their failure to meet SAP grade point average (GPA) or credit
completion requirements. Approximately a quarter fail to meet the GPA standard alone. When
the credit completion requirement is taken into consideration, the first-year SAP failure rate
approaches 40 percent. Our preferred difference-in-differences estimates show mixed effects of
SAP standards: Failing to meet the GPA requirement has a negative impact on persistence into
the second year, but it may improve associate degree attainment and transfer among students
who are not discouraged from reenrolling.
A measurement of open charm using single muons at forward angles for p+p collisions at center of mass energy 200 GeV
Creators: name: Hornback, Donald
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2008
Subjects: muon tracker
charm
forward-rapidity
p+p
run05
cross section

description: This dissertation presents the measurement of single muons from the semi-leptonic decay of heavy quark mesons (charm and bottom) in √s=200 GeV p+p collisions at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider at Brookhaven National Lab. The yield of single muons is measured as a function of transverse momentum and is used to estimate the charm quark production cross section over the measured region. In addition to theoretical comparisons, this measurement of single muons in p+p serves as a springboard to further heavy quark results in both the RHIC spin and heavy-ion programs.
Value of cultural worldviews and message framing for the acceptability of sustainable land use zoning policies in post-conflict Somalia
Creators: name: Diriye, Abdishakur W.
name: Jama, Osman M.
name: Chong, Ren
name: Abdi, Abdulhakim M.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Public acceptability is important for sustainable land use zoning policy to be successfully implemented. This study examined the effectiveness of tailoring messages with cultural worldviews to induce positive attitudes and improve public acceptability of sustainable land use zoning policy in a post-conflict setting. A total of 538 participants were randomly divided into three groups. Two were treatment groups and received promotional information about a hypothetical land use zoning policy, and one group was the control group and received no promotional information. The results indicate that information provision results in positive attitudes and higher public acceptability of land use zoning policy. Arguments that correspond to participants' cultural worldviews generated more positive attitudes and higher acceptability than arguments that conflict with their cultural worldviews. This study recommends targeting messages with peoples’ cultural worldviews as an effective strategy in inducing positive attitudes and higher acceptability for sustainable land use zoning policy in Somalia.
Enabling Ongoing Access to Data Products and Services When Dependencies are No Longer Supported
Creators: name: Downs, Robert R.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2015
Subjects: Information science
Computer science

description: Online scientific data and related products and services can be developed in a distributed manner across systems and organizations, creating dependencies that rely on continuing operations of coordinated services over time. Dependencies can include other online products and services that rely on disparate chains of hardware and software maintained by separate organizations with independent operational capabilities, support, and sustainability models. In the future, some aspects of such distributed networks of dependent capabilities may fail, requiring mitigation to maintain the online capabilities that users expect. Case studies are offered to describe opportunities for enabling continuing access to scientific data products and services that are dependent on external systems that may no longer be viable.
The RAdial Velocity Experiment (RAVE): Fourth data release
Creators: name: Kordopatis, G.
name: Gilmore, G.
name: Steinmetz, M.
name: Boeche, C.
name: Seabroke, G. M.
name: Siebert, A.
name: Zwitter, T.
name: Binney, J.
name: de Laverny, P.
name: Recio-Blanco, A.
name: Williams, M. E. K.
name: Piffl, T.
name: Enke, H.
name: Roeser, S.
name: Bijaoui, A.
name: Wyse, R. F. G.
name: Freeman, K.
name: Munari, U.
name: Carillo, I.
name: Anguiano, B.
name: Burton, D.
name: Campbell, R.
name: Cass, C. J. P.
name: Fiegert, K.
name: Hartley, M.
name: Parker, Q. A.
name: Reid, W.
name: Ritter, A.
name: Russell, K. S.
name: Stupart, M.
name: Watson, F. G.
name: Bienayme, O.
name: Bland-Hawthorn, J.
name: Gerhard, O.
name: Gibson, B. K.
name: Grebel, E. K.
name: Helmi, A.
name: Navarro, J. F.
name: Conrad, C.
name: Famaey, B.
name: Faure, C.
name: Just, A.
name: Kos, J.
name: Matijevic, G.
name: McMillan, P. J.
name: Minchev, I.
name: Scholz, R.
name: Sharma, S.
name: Siviero, A.
name: de Boer, E. Wylie
name: Zerjal, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the stellar atmospheric parameters (effective temperature, surface gravity, overall metallicity), radial velocities, individual abundances and distances determined for 425 561 stars, which constitute the fourth public data release of the RAdial Velocity Experiment (RAVE). The stellar atmospheric parameters are computed using a new pipeline, based on the algorithms of MATISSE and DEGAS. The spectral degeneracies and the 2MASS photometric information are now better taken into consideration, improving the parameter determination compared to the previous RAVE data releases. The individual abundances for six elements (magnesium, aluminum, silicon, titanium, iron and nickel) are also given, based on a special-purpose pipeline which is also improved compared to that available for the RAVE DR3 and Chemical DR1 data releases. Together with photometric information and proper motions, these data can be retrieved from the RAVE collaboration website and the Vizier database.
description: 40 pages, 36 figures, accepted in AJ
Classical entanglement in polarization metrology
Creators: name: Töppel, Falk
name: Aiello, Andrea
name: Marquardt, Christoph
name: Giacobino, Elisabeth
name: Leuchs, Gerd
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum approaches relying on entangled photons have been recently proposed to increase the efficiency of optical measurements. We demonstrate here that, surprisingly, the use of classical light with entangled degrees of freedom can also bring outstanding advantages over conventional measurements in polarization metrology. Specifically, we show that radially polarized beams of light allow to perform real-time single-shot Mueller matrix polarimetry. Our results also indicate that quantum optical procedures requiring entanglement without nonlocality can be actually achieved in classical optics regime.
description: 12 pages + appendices, 3 figures
Philippica Iacobi Vuimpfelingi Slestatini: In laudem & defensionem Philippi Comitis Rheni Palatini Bauarie Ducis &c.; xiij. kl. Decembris. Anno Christi. xcviij. [1498.11.19]
Creators: name: Wimpfeling, Jakob
name: Philipp Pfalz, Kurfürst
name: Martin Schott
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
Year: 2012

description: Bibliogr. Nachweis: Hain/Copinger 16186. Ritter, Inc. alsac. I,494. Pell-Pol 11828. BNCI W 25. IGI 10396. BMC I,96 (IA. 1218). Goff W 47. IBP 5629. CIH 3543. Schreiber 5483. Schramm XIX,887-888. Weil, Druckerzeichen 97. - Mit Widmungsbrief des Autors an Philipp von Bayern, Dompropst in Mainz, Heidelberg 16.8.1498
Natural and human-induced drivers of groundwater depletion in Wadi Zabid, Tihama coastal plain, Yemen
Creators: name: Al-Qubatee, Wahib
name: Al Hasan, Fares
name: Ritzema, Henk
name: Nasher, Ghunaim
name: Hellegers, Petra
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Groundwater depletion is a problem in many parts the world. We developed an approach to investigate the drivers of groundwater depletion in data-scarce regions. The approach combines natural and human-induced drivers, with the latter focusing on the link between human activities and government policies. We tested the approach in Wadi Zabid, Yemen. Forty years of rainfall-runoff data were analyzed, alongside changes in land cover, groundwater abstraction and related policies. No decrease in rainfall was observed, but runoff did decrease slightly. Significant expansion of agricultural lands led to increased demand for irrigation water, which was provided by drilling wells and building water harvesting/diversion structures. In Wadi Zabid, human activities, stimulated by policy measures, were the main drivers of groundwater depletion (water table here fell by 1 m/yr on average over 1972–2016). We conclude that combining natural and human-induced factors is indeed a valuable approach for investigating groundwater depletion drivers.
An American Precursor of Non-tonal Theory: Ernst Bacon (1898-1990)
Creators: name: Neff, Severine
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1991
Subjects: Music

description: Ernst Bacon was one of the very first American theorists to investigate aspects of extended tonality and atonality. At the age of nineteen, Bacon made his sole contribution to music theory: a long article, "Our Musical Idiom," which appeared in the Chicago journal The Monist! His intention was to -classify non-tonal scales and harmonies "in a logical order" and "to develop a system of nomenclature describing any possible combination of tones". "Our Musical Idiom" is one of the earliest American contributions to the non-tonal theoretical literature. It places American music theory in a unique historical perspective. Five years before the debut of twelvetone music and over thirty years before the proliferation of mathematically based theories of non-tonal music, Bacon was working on order permutation, invariance, and symmetrical inversion of non-tonal collections. Moreover, "Our Musical Idiom" is the only work using theoretical principles and methodologies of a radical nineteenth-century work, Ziehn's Harmonieund Modulationslehre. Ziehn and Bacon's works are thus among the first to wed the progressive sides of the German and American music-theoretical traditions.
Ethical considerations in an online community: the balancing act
Creators: name: Paris, Cécile
name: Colineau, Nathalie
name: Nepal, Surya
name: Bista, Sanat
name: Beschorner, Gina
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: With the emergence and rapid growth of Social Media, a number of government departments in several countries have embraced Social Media as a privilege channel to interact with their constituency. We are exploring, in collaboration with the Australian Department of Human Services, the possibility to exploit the potential of social networks to support specific groups of citizens. To this end, we have developed Next Step, an online community to help people currently receiving welfare payments find a job and become financially self-sufficient. In this paper, we explore some ethical issues that arise when governments engage directly with citizens, in particular with communities in difficult situations, and when researchers are involved. We describe some of the challenges we faced and how we addressed them. Our work highlights the complexity of the problem, when an online community involves a government department and a welfare recipient group with a dependency relationship with that department. It becomes a balancing act, with the need to ensure privacy of the community members whilst still fulfilling the government's legal responsibilities. While difficult, these issues must be addressed if governments are to engage with their citizens using Social Media.
White dwarf-main sequence binaries identified from the LAMOST pilot survey
Creators: name: Ren, Juanjuan
name: Luo, Ali
name: Li, Yinbi
name: Wei, Peng
name: Zhao, Jingkun
name: Zhao, Yongheng
name: Song, Yihan
name: Zhao, Gang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a set of white dwarf-main sequence (WDMS) binaries identified spectroscopically from the Large sky Area Multi-Object fiber Spectroscopic Telescope (LAMOST, also called the Guo Shou Jing Telescope) pilot survey. We develop a color selection criteria based on what is so far the largest and most complete Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) DR7 WDMS binary catalog and identify 28 WDMS binaries within the LAMOST pilot survey. The primaries in our binary sample are mostly DA white dwarfs except for one DB white dwarf. We derive the stellar atmospheric parameters, masses, and radii for the two components of 10 of our binaries. We also provide cooling ages for the white dwarf primaries as well as the spectral types for the companion stars of these 10 WDMS binaries. These binaries tend to contain hot white dwarfs and early-type companions. Through cross-identification, we note that nine binaries in our sample have been published in the SDSS DR7 WDMS binary catalog. Nineteen spectroscopic WDMS binaries identified by the LAMOST pilot survey are new. Using the 3$σ$ radial velocity variation as a criterion, we find two post-common-envelope binary candidates from our WDMS binary sample.
Fe K lines in the nuclear region of M82
Creators: name: Liu, Jiren
name: Gou, Lijun
name: Yuan, Weimin
name: Mao, Shude
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the spatial distribution of the Fe 6.4 and 6.7 keV lines in the nuclear region of M82 using the Chandra archival data with a total exposure time of 500 ks. The deep exposure provides a significant detection of the Fe 6.4 keV line. Both the Fe 6.4 and 6.7 keV lines are diffuse emissions with similar spatial extent, but their morphology do not exactly follow each other. Assuming a thermal collisional-ionization-equilibrium model, the fitted temperatures are around 5-6 keV and the Fe abundances are about 0.4-0.6 solar value. We also report the spectrum of a point source, which shows a strong Fe 6.7 keV line and is likely a supernova remnant or a superbubble. The fitted Fe abundance of the point source is 1.7 solar value. It implies that part of the iron may be depleted from the X-ray emitting gases as the predicted abundance is about 5 solar value assuming complete mixing. If this is a representative case of the Fe enrichment, a mild mass-loading of a factor of 3 will make the Fe abundance of the point source in agreement with that of the hot gas, which then implies that most of the hard X-ray continuum (2-8 keV) of M82 has a thermal origin. In addition, the Fe 6.4 keV line is consistent with the fluorescence emission irradiated by the hard photons from nuclear point sources.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures, accepted by MNRAS Letters
Novel therapeutic agents for cutaneous T-Cell lymphoma
Creators: name: Jain, Salvia
name: Zain, Jasmine
name: O’Connor, Owen Anthony
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2012
Subjects: Medicine
Oncology

description: Mycosis fungoides (MF) and Sezary Syndrome (SS) represent the most common subtypes of primary Cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL). Patients with advanced MF and SS have a poor prognosis leading to an interest in the development of new therapies with targeted mechanisms of action and acceptable safety profiles. In this review we focus on such novel strategies that have changed the treatment paradigm of this rare malignancy.
Instruct-ULTRA D2.4 Schedule of events to engage widely with key stakeholders
Creators: name: Chapman, Stephanie
name: Gray, Naomi
name: Owens, Ray
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020

description: Instruct-ERIC engages with a variety of stakeholders in order to increase awareness and understanding of its important role in the Research Infrastructure landscape and its impact in advancing life science research. Early in the project, Instruct-ULTRA set out an ambitious plan for dissemination and outreach to all of Instruct’s key stakeholders(D1.4).Through the combined effort of its partners, Instruct-ULTRA has hosted or otherwise participated in excess of55 events during RP2,and plans are already in place for participation in at least 25 events during RP3.Stakeholder engagement is, and will continue to be crucial for the long-term sustainability of Instruct-ERIC.
GA-based U-Net architecture optimization applied to retina blood vessel segmentation
Creators: name: Popat, Vipul
name: Mahdinejad, Mahsa
name: Cedeno, Oscar S. Dalmau
name: NAREDO, ENRIQUE
name: RYAN, CONOR
Publisher: name: University of Limerick
Year: 2022
Subjects: Software engineering

description: Blood vessel extraction in digital retinal images is an important step in medical image analysis for abnormality detection and also obtaining good retinopathy diabetic diagnosis; this is often referred to as the Retinal Blood Vessel Segmentation task and current state-of-the-art approaches all use some form of neural networks. Designing neural network architecture and selecting appropriate hyper-parameters for a specific task is challenging. In recent works, increasingly more complex models are starting to appear, but in this work, we present a simple and small model with a very low number of parameters with good performance compared with the state of the art algorithms. In particular, we choose a standard Genetic Algorithm (GA) for selecting the parameters of the model and we use an expert-designed U-net based model, which has become a very popular tool in image segmentation problems. Experimental results show that GA is able to find a much shorter architecture and acceptable accuracy compared to the U-net manually designed. This finding puts on the right track to be able in the future to implement these models in portable applications
Natural and human-induced drivers of groundwater depletion in Wadi Zabid, Tihama coastal plain, Yemen
Creators: name: Al-Qubatee, Wahib
name: Hasan, Fares Al
name: Ritzema, Henk
name: Nasher, Ghunaim
name: Hellegers, Petra
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Groundwater depletion is a problem in many parts the world. We developed an approach to investigate the drivers of groundwater depletion in data-scarce regions. The approach combines natural and human-induced drivers, with the latter focusing on the link between human activities and government policies. We tested the approach in Wadi Zabid, Yemen. Forty years of rainfall-runoff data were analyzed, alongside changes in land cover, groundwater abstraction and related policies. No decrease in rainfall was observed, but runoff did decrease slightly. Significant expansion of agricultural lands led to increased demand for irrigation water, which was provided by drilling wells and building water harvesting/diversion structures. In Wadi Zabid, human activities, stimulated by policy measures, were the main drivers of groundwater depletion (water table here fell by 1 m/yr on average over 1972–2016). We conclude that combining natural and human-induced factors is indeed a valuable approach for investigating groundwater depletion drivers.
Transients from initial conditions based on Lagrangian perturbation theory in $N$-body simulations II: the effect of the transverse mode
Creators: name: Tatekawa, Takayuki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the initial conditions for cosmological $N$-body simulations for precision cosmology. In general, Zel'dovich approximation has been applied for the initial conditions of $N$-body simulations for a long time. These initial conditions provide incorrect higher-order growth. These error caused by setting up the initial conditions by perturbation theory is called transients. We investigated the impact of transient on non-Gaussianity of density field by performing cosmological $N$-body simulations with initial conditions based on first-, second-, and third-order Lagrangian perturbation theory in previous paper. In this paper, we evaluates the effect of the transverse mode in the third-order Lagrangian perturbation theory for several statistical quantities such as power spectrum, non-Gaussianty, and multifractal dimensions. Then we clarified that the effect of the transverse mode in the third-order Lagrangian perturbation theory is quite small.
description: 11 pages, 2 figures, accepted for publication in JCAP; v2: Major revision, v3: unnecessary references are removed, v4: several typos are corrected. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:0706.1334
ZnS/Diamond Composite Coatings for Infrared Transmission Applications Formed by the Aerosol Deposition Method
Creators: name: Johnson, Scooter D.
name: Kub, Fritz J.
name: Eddy, Charles R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The deposition of nano-crystalline ZnS/diamond composite protective coatings on silicon, sapphire, and ZnS substrates, as a preliminary step to coating infrared transparent ZnS substrates from powder mixtures by the aerosol deposition method is presented. Advantages of the aerosol deposition method include the ability to form dense, nanocrystalline films up to hundreds of microns thick at room temperature and at a high deposition rate on a variety of substrates. Deposition is achieved by creating a pressure gradient that accelerates micrometer-scale particles in an aerosol to high velocity. Upon impact with the target substrate the particles fracture and embed. Continued deposition forms the thick compacted film. Deposition from an aerosolized mixture of ZnS and diamond powders onto all targets results in linear trend from apparent sputter erosion of the substrate at 100% diamond to formation of a film with increasing fractions of ZnS. The crossover from abrasion to film formation on sapphire occurs above about 50% ZnS and a mixture of 90% ZnS and 10% diamond forms a well-adhered film of about 0.7 μm thickness at a rate of 0.14 μm/min. Resulting films are characterized by scanning electron microscopy, profilometry, infrared transmission spectroscopy, and x-ray photoemission spectroscopy. These initial films mark progress toward the future goal of coating ZnS substrates for abrasion resistance.
description: 13 pages, 9 figures, presented at SPIE Window and Domes Technology XIII, Baltimore, MD, 2013
Transcriptome reconstruction and annotation of cynomolgus and African green monkey
Creators: name: Lee, Albert Kim
name: Khiabanian, Hossein
name: Kugelman, Jeffrey
name: Elliott, Oliver T.
name: Nagle, Elyse
name: Yu, Guo-Yun
name: Warren, Travis
name: Palacios, Gustavo
name: Rabadan, Raul
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Bioinformatics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Non-human primates (NHPs) and humans share major biological mechanisms, functions, and responses due to their close evolutionary relationship and, as such, provide ideal animal models to study human diseases. RNA expression in NHPs provides specific signatures that are informative of disease mechanisms and therapeutic modes of action. Unlike the human transcriptome, the transcriptomes of major NHP animal models are yet to be comprehensively annotated. In this manuscript, employing deep RNA sequencing of seven tissue samples, we characterize the transcriptomes of two commonly used NHP animal models: Cynomolgus macaque (Macaca fascicularis) and African green monkey (Chlorocebus aethiops). We present the Multi-Species Annotation (MSA) pipeline that leverages well-annotated primate species and annotates 99.8% of reconstructed transcripts. We elucidate tissue-specific expression profiles and report 13 experimentally validated novel transcripts in these NHP animal models. We report comprehensively annotated transcriptomes of two non-human primates, which we have made publically available on a customized UCSC Genome Browser interface. The MSA pipeline is also freely available.
Structure and Kinematics of the Nearby Dwarf Galaxy UGCA 105
Creators: name: Schmidt, Philip
name: Jozsa, Gyula
name: Gentile, Gianfranco
name: Oh, Se-Heon
name: Schuberth, Ylva
name: Bekhti, Nadya Ben
name: Winkel, Benjamin
name: Klein, Uli
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Owing to their shallow stellar potential, dwarf galaxies possess thick gas disks, which makes them good candidates for studies of the galactic vertical kinematical structure. We present 21 cm line observations of the isolated nearby dwarf irregular galaxy UGCA 105, taken with the Westerbork Synthesis Radio Telescope (WSRT), and analyse the geometry of its neutral hydrogen (HI) disk and its kinematics. The galaxy shows a fragmented HI distribution. It is more extended than the optical disk, and hence allows one to determine its kinematics out to very large galacto-centric distances. The HI kinematics and morphology are well-ordered and symmetric for an irregular galaxy. The HI is sufficiently extended to observe a substantial amount of differential rotation. Moreover, UGCA 105 shows strong signatures for the presence of a kinematically anomalous gas component. Performing tilted-ring modelling by use of the least-squares fitting routine TiRiFiC, we found that the HI disk of UGCA 105 has a moderately warped and diffuse outermost part. Probing a wide range of parameter combinations, we succeeded in modelling the data cube as a disk with a strong vertical gradient in rotation velocity ($\approx -60\,\rm km\,s^{-1}\,kpc^{-1}$), as well as vertically increasing inwards motion ($\approx -70\,\rm km\,s^{-1}\,kpc^{-1}$) within the radius of the stellar disk. The inferred radial gas inflow amounts to $0.06\,\rm M_\odot \rm yr^{-1}$, which is similar to the star formation rate of the galaxy. The observed kinematics are hence compatible with direct or indirect accretion from the intergalactic medium, an extreme backflow of material that has formerly been expelled from the disk, or a combination of both.
description: 15 pages, 12 figures, accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysics
TEACHING SOCIAL DETERMINANTS OF HEALTH IN HEALTH PROFESSIONAL TRAINING PROGRAMS: A SCOPING REVIEW
Creators: name: Hawkins, Emily
name: Fortier, Kathleen
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Other Rehabilitation and Therapy
subject: Sports Sciences
subject: Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences
subject: Occupational Therapy
subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: Curriculum and Instruction
subject: Education
subject: Health and Physical Education
subject: Rehabilitation and Therapy
subject: Medical Education
subject: Nursing
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Dentistry
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Physical Therapy
subject: Interprofessional Education

description: Scoping Review
Interaction-induced anomalous quantum Hall state on the honeycomb lattice
Creators: name: Duric, Tanja
name: Chancellor, Nicholas
name: Herbut, Igor F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine the existence of the interaction-generated quantum anomalous Hall phase on the honeycomb lattice. For the spinless model at half filling, the existence of a quantum anomalous Hall phase (Chern insulator phase) has been predicted using mean-field methods. However, recent exact diagonalization studies for small clusters with periodic boundary condition have not found a clear sign of an interaction-driven Chern insulator phase. We use exact diagonalization method to study properties of small clusters with open boundary condition and, contrary to previous studies, we find clear signatures of the topological phase transition for finite size clusters. We also examine applicability of the entangled-plaquette state (correlator-product state) ansatz to describe the ground states of the system. Within this approach the lattice is covered with plaquettes and the ground state wave-function is written in terms of the plaquette coefficients. Configurational weights can then be optimized using a variational Monte Carlo algorithm. Using the entangled-plaquette state ansatz we study the ground state properties of the system for larger system sizes and show that the results agree with the exact diagonalization results for small clusters. This confirms validity of the entangled-plaquette state ansatz to describe the ground states of the system and provides further confirmation of the existence of the quantum anomalous Hall phase in the thermodynamic limit, as predicted by the mean-field theory calculations.
description: 10 pages 11 figures. References added. Acknowledgement of Nicholas Chancellor's support from Lockheed Martin Corporation was added. Figures improved and changes to text implemented at request of referee. Accepted by physical review B
[Incipit ordo missalis s[ecundu]m consuetudinem romane curie]; 1484
Creators: name: (:Unav)
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
Year: 2010

description: Bibliogr. Nachweis: Hain/Copinger 11384. Weale-Bohatta 890. Pell-Pol 8012. BNCI M 456. IGI 6612. BMC II, 467 (IA. 8043). Goff M 697. IBP 3754. CIH 2303
Spherical Hamiltonian Monte Carlo for Constrained Target Distributions
Creators: name: Lan, Shiwei
name: Zhou, Bo
name: Shahbaba, Babak
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Computation (stat.CO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We propose a new Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) method for constrained target distributions. Our method first maps the $D$-dimensional constrained domain of parameters to the unit ball ${\bf B}_0^D(1)$. Then, it augments the resulting parameter space to the $D$-dimensional sphere, ${\bf S}^D$. The boundary of ${\bf B}_0^D(1)$ corresponds to the equator of ${\bf S}^D$. This change of domains enables us to implicitly handle the original constraints because while the sampler moves freely on the sphere, it proposes states that are within the constraints imposed on the original parameter space. To improve the computational efficiency of our algorithm, we split the Lagrangian dynamics into several parts such that a part of the dynamics can be handled analytically by finding the geodesic flow on the sphere. We apply our method to several examples including truncated Gaussian, Bayesian Lasso, Bayesian bridge regression, and a copula model for identifying synchrony among multiple neurons. Our results show that the proposed method can provide a natural and efficient framework for handling several types of constraints on target distributions.
“Closing the Loop” in Cervical Dystonia: A New Clinical Phenomenon
Creators: name: Frucht, Steven J.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Neurosciences
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Medicine

description: Background: The sensory trick or geste antagoniste is a cardinal feature of cervical dystonia. Patients are often aware of their tricks, using them to their advantage to temporarily improve dystonic symptoms. The typical sensory trick must be internally generated by the patient in order to be effective, and external mechanical pressure alone may not be sufficient.

Methods: We present a case description. We present and demonstrate a new clinical phenomenon in patients with cervical dystonia, which we call “closing the loop”.

Discussion: We discuss the possible mechanisms underlying this finding.
Monmouth University Poll: February 2016 Oklahoma Primary
Creators: name: Monmouth University Polling Institute
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2022

description: Registered to vote (1); voter likelihood (1); Republican/Democratic presidential primary (2); Republican presidential primary candidates (4); Governor Chris Christie endorsement impact on Businessman Donald Trump support (1); Democratic presidential primary candidates (3); predicted winner of 2016 Democratic presidential primary (1).
Possible Origin of the G2 Cloud from the Tidal Disruption of a Known Giant Star by Sgr A*
Creators: name: Guillochon, James
name: Loeb, Abraham
name: MacLeod, Morgan
name: Ramirez-Ruiz, Enrico
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The discovery of the gas cloud G2 on a near-radial orbit about Sgr A* has prompted much speculation on its origin. In this Letter, we propose that G2 formed out of the debris stream produced by the removal of mass from the outer envelope of a nearby giant star. We perform hydrodynamical simulations of the returning tidal debris stream with cooling, and find that the stream condenses into clumps that fall periodically onto Sgr A*. We propose that one of these clumps is the observed G2 cloud, with the rest of the stream being detectable at lower Br-$γ$ emissivity along a trajectory that would trace from G2 to the star that was partially disrupted. By simultaneously fitting the orbits of S2, G2, and $\sim$ 2,000 candidate stars, and by fixing the orbital plane of each candidate star to G2 (as is expected for a tidal disruption), we find that several stars have orbits that are compatible with the notion that one of them was tidally disrupted to produce G2. If one of these stars were indeed disrupted, it last encountered Sgr A* hundreds of years ago, and has likely encountered Sgr A* repeatedly. However, while these stars are compatible with the giant disruption scenario given their measured positions and proper motions, their radial velocities are currently unknown. If one of these stars' radial velocity is measured to be compatible with a disruptive orbit, it would strongly suggest its disruption produced G2.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures, 1 table. Revised version includes list of candidate disrupted giants and clarification on the numerical method. Accepted to ApJL
Sensorineural Hearing Loss in Non-depressed Essential Tremor Cases and Controls: A Clinical and Audiometric Study
Creators: name: Yilmaz, Nesrin Helvaci
name: Akbostanci, Muhittin Cenk
name: Yılmaz, Nurhan
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Neurosciences
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Medicine

description: Background: Patients with essential tremor (ET) have an increased prevalence of hearing loss, and depression is a confounding issue for both conditions. We assessed hearing loss in non-depressed ET patients and controls using a questionnaire and audiometric tests.

Methods: The study included 34 patients with ET and 45 volunteers were included. Both groups were asked if they had hearing loss, and pure tone audiometry, speech recognition threshold, tympanogram, short increment sensitivity index (SISI), tone decay, and otoacoustic emission audiological tests were conducted.

Results: Seventeen subjects (50.0%) in the patient group answered “yes” to the question “Do you have hearing loss?” compared to one (2.2%) subject in the control group (p<0.001). The tone decay values of the right ear at 4,000 Hz were higher in the patient group. The number of subjects in which the otoacoustic emissions could not be obtained in the right ear was higher in the ET patients (p = 0.005).

Discussion: The results support the presence of a cochlear pathology in ET and may indicate that ET and sensorineural hearing loss may be components of a common disease process.
A Method for the Preparation of Oxalic Acid From Sawdust
Creators: name: Alcock, Joseph Rodney
Publisher: name: California Institute of Technology
Year: 1923
Subjects: subject: Chemical Engineering
subject: FOS: Chemical engineering

description: This investigation was undertaken to find the best method of preparing oxalic acid from sawdust, either by one of the methods described in the literature or a modification of it.  The first work consisted in following the procedure recommended by a previous experimenter in order to become acquainted with the methods which are now used and to discover their weak points.  The procedures used commercially, and the experimental work of Thorn, described in "Utilization of Wood Waste" by E. Hubbard form the basis of the work.  No recent literature could be found on the subject, the work of Thorn having been done nearly forty years before.  Various commercial processes use slightly different methods; one uses KOH alone in the fusion and precipitates MgC2O4 by adding MgCl2 to the K2C2O4 solution; in another a preliminary fusion is carried on in a vacuum at 180°, followed by the regular fusion yielding a nearly colorless product.  A process similar to that outlined by Thorn is also used.

The heating of sawdust with KOH results in the production of oxalic acid.  Since NaOH is much cheaper, it is desirable to substitute it for KOH as far as possible.  Thorn found that a mixture containing 40% KOH and 60% NaOH by weight gave almost as good a yield, when heated in thin layers, as pure KOH.  The yield dropped off rapidly with a decreasing KOH percentage below 40%.  He also found that the most satisfactory melt was made by using one part of sawdust to two parts of lye, striking a balance between large percentage yield from lye with more sawdust, and more organic impurities which are hard to remove if more sawdust is used.  Soft wood gives a better yield than hardwood, and pure sawdust gives a better one than lignose left after treating cellulose with HCl.
The Extraction of Gallium from Zinc Ores
Creators: name: Nies, Henry Todd
Publisher: name: California Institute of Technology
Year: 1923
Subjects: subject: Chemical Engineering
subject: FOS: Chemical engineering

description: The discovery of small amounts of gallium in zinc ores showed the possibility of its presence in a small quantity of zinc ore residues on hand at the Institute.  Germanium had been previously extracted from the ore, and later, part of the zinc was recovered.  During this work, the presence of gallium was shown by spectroscopic tests, and indium was at the same time shown to be absent.

In the present investigation, the reactions of different gallium compounds were studied and the action of various reagents on the residues observed, with a view toward the development of a distinctive test for gallium and finally toward the separation and purification of gallium from the residues.  The residues consisted of approximately eighty liters of saturated zinc sulfate solution, containing small quantities of gallium together with various impurities.