cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: Chromosome-Numbers in Bromeliaceae
Creators: name: Brown, Gregory K.
name: Gilmartin, A. J.
Publisher: name: University of Wyoming. Libraries
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Botany

description: Eighty-three chromosome counts are reported for 72 taxa of the Bromeliaceae. Fifty-eight of these counts are the first known chromosome number reports for their respective taxa. A model of chromosomale volution in the Bromeliaceae (n = 25) is presented. The model is parsimonious and consistent with existing data on meiotic chromosome numbers within the family and in the closely related Velloziaceae (n = 9). Two hypothesized paleodiploids (n = 8 and n = 9) hybridized to form a tetraploid that in turn hybridized with the n = 8 lineage. The resultant n = 25 is the extant base number for the family. Two alternative hypotheses could explain the unique extant base number (n = 17) for Cryptanthus: 1) Cryptanthus represents the paleotetra-ploid level, i.e., prior to the second round of hybridization, or 2) the lower number represents the result of a more recent series of aneuploid reductions from n = 25. Given the existence of intergeneric hybrids involving Cryptanthus, an euploid reduction is the more likely interpretation.
Efficiency of the coherent biexciton admixture mechanism for multiple exciton generation in InAs nanocrystals
Creators: name: Kowalski, P.
name: Machnikowski, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the coherent mixing between two-particle (single exciton) and four-particle (biexciton) states of a semiconductor nanocrystal resulting from the coulomb coupling between states with different numbers of electron-hole pairs. Using a simple model of the nanocrystal wave functions and an envelope function approach, we estimate the efficiency of the multiple exciton generation (MEG) process resulting from such coherent admixture mechanism, including all the relevant states in a very broad energy interval. We show that in a typical ensemble of nanocrystals with 3~nm average radius, the onset of the MEG process appears about 1~eV above the lower edge of the biexciton density of states and the efficiency of the process reaches 50\% for photon energies around 5~eV. The MEG onset shifts to lower energies and the efficiency increases as the radius grows. We point out that the energy dependence of the MEG efficiency differs considerably between ensembles with small and large inhomogeneity of nancrystal sizes.
description: 9 pages, 3 figures
Factors influencing the choice of facilities among enrolees of a prepayment scheme in Ibadan, Southwest Nigeria
Creators: name: Adewole, David Ayobami
name: Ilori, Temitope
Publisher: name: South Eastern European Journal of Public Health (SEEJPH)
Year: 2021

description: Aims: Factors that influence the personal choice of a health care facility among health care consumers vary. Currently, what influences the choice of health facilities among enrollees under the National Health Insurance Scheme (NHIS) is not known. This study aimed to as-sess what influences the choice of facilities in the NHIS of Nigeria. Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study conducted among enrollees in selected NHIS facilities in the 11 Local Government Areas (LGAs) of Ibadan, Nigeria. A total of 432 enrollees were selected and were interviewed. A WHO-USAID semi-structured interviewer-administered questionnaire was used to obtain relevant data. Data collection was between Oc-tober and December 2019. Data were analyzed using STATA version 12.0 (α =0.05). Results: At unadjusted OR, older respondents (OR 3.24, CI = 2.52-4.18, p = <0.0001), and those who had attained the tertiary level of education (OR 3.30, CI 2.57-4.23, p <0.0001) were more likely to make a personal choice of health care facilities. A similar pattern was ob-served among respondents who were in the high socioeconomic group (OR 4.10, CI 3.01-5.59, p = <0.0001). However, at Adjusted OR, only high socio-economic status was a predic-tor of personal choice of health care facility (OR 1.92, CI 1.21-3.05, p = 0.005). Conclusion: This study is suggestive that a need for and the ability to afford the cost of care influence the choice of health facilities. Policies that promote health literacy in the general populace will enhance the capability of individuals to make a personal choice of health facili-ties. Stakeholders should prioritize this for policy. Recommended citation: David A. Adewole, Temitope Ilori. Factors influencing the choice of facilities among enrolees of a prepayment scheme in Ibadan, Southwest Nigeria Acknowledgments: The authors wish to acknowledge study participants for permission to interview them in the course of the data collection of this study. Authors' contributions: David Adewole conceived and designed the study. Temitope Ilori did data collection and analysis. Both authors contributed equally to the manuscript write-up. The two authors also read through the manuscript draft the second time and agreed to the final manuscript. Conflict of interests: None declared.
description: South Eastern European Journal of Public Health (SEEJPH), Volume XVI, 2021
Building an OSS Quality Estimation Model with CATREG
Creators: name: Xu, Jie
name: Ho, Danny
name: Capretz, Luiz Fernando
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Open Source Software (OSS) has been a popular form in software development. In this paper, we use statistical approaches to derive OSS quality estimation models. Our objective is to build estimation models for the number of defects with metrics at project levels. First CATREG (Categorical regression with optimal scaling) is used to obtain quantifications of the qualitative variables. Then the independent variables are validated using the stepwise linear regression. The process is repeated to acquire optimal quantifications and final regression formula. This modeling process is performed based on data from the OSS communities and is proved to be practically valuable.
title: Cooling Rates and the Depth of Detachment Faulting At Oceanic Core Complexes: Evidence from Zircon Pb/U and (U-Th)/He Ages
Creators: name: Grimes, C. B.
name: Cheadle, Michael
name: John, Barbara
name: Reiners, P. W.
name: Wooden, J. L.
Publisher: name: University of Wyoming. Libraries
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Mid-Atlantic Ridge
subject: oceanic detachment fault
subject: oceanic core complex
subject: thermochronometry
subject: zircon
subject: Ocean Drilling Program
subject: 3614 Mineralogy and Petrology: Mid-oceanic ridge processes (1032
subject: 8416)
subject: 1140 Geochronology: Thermochronology
subject: 8178 Tectonophysics: Tecto
subject: Geology
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences

description: Oceanic detachment faulting represents a distinct mode of seafloor spreading at slow spreading mid-ocean ridges, but many questions persist about the thermal evolution and depth of faulting. We present new Pb/U and (U-Th)/He zircon ages and combine them with magnetic anomaly ages to define the cooling histories of gabbroic crust exposed by oceanic detachment faults at three sites along the Mid-Atlantic Ridge (Ocean Drilling Program (ODP) holes 1270D and 1275D near the 15°20'N Transform, and Atlantis Massif at 30°N). Closure temperatures for the Pb/U (~800°C-850°C) and (U-Th)/He (~210°C) isotopic systems in zircon bracket acquisition of magnetic remanence, collectively providing a temperature-time history during faulting. Results indicate cooling to ~200°C in 0.3-0.5 Myr after zircon crystallization, recording time-averaged cooling rates of ~1000°C-2000°C/Myr. Assuming the footwalls were denuded along single continuous faults, differences in Pb/U and (U-Th)/He zircon ages together with independently determined slip rates allow the distance between the ~850°C and ~200°C isotherms along the fault plane to be estimated. Calculated distances are 8.4 ± 4.2 km and 5.0 ± 2.1 km from holes 1275D and 1270D and 8.4 ± 1.4 km at Atlantis Massif. Estimating an initial subsurface fault dip of 50° and a depth of 1.5 km to the 200°C isotherm leads to the prediction that the ~850°C isotherm lies ~5-7 km below seafloor at the time of faulting. These depth estimates for active fault systems are consistent with depths of microseismicity observed beneath the hypothesized detachment fault at the TAG hydrothermal field and high-temperature fault rocks recovered from many oceanic detachment faults.
title: Reconstructing the South: A Theoretical Reflection on the Iconography of New South Mythmaking
Creators: name: Thompson, Craig
name: Tian, Kelly
Publisher: name: University of Wyoming. Libraries
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Business

description: The Myth of Lost Cause arose from the material and social devastation wrought by the Civil War, as white Southerners sought to rationalize, justify, and glorify their crushing military and political defeat and the bleak aftermath that faced them. As the lost cause myth became more thoroughly elaborated in the post-Reconstruction South, it also temporally reconfigured collective memories of the Old South’s destruction. Southern historians and political leaders all espoused the idea that the Old South’s architectural and artistic history had been brutally pillaged by Union occupiers determined to punish the South for its temerity: a regional myth that continues to have currency in the region. According to leading historians, however, there is scant evident that such widespread plunder occurred during Congressional Reconstruction (Foner 1988). However, by chronologically displacing the destruction of the Old South from the Civil War to the Reconstruction, the South was able to assume the position of being innocent victim of Union brutality and, hence, minimize its culpability in sparking the conflagration.
Geometric Aspects of Painlevé Equations
Creators: name: Kajiwara, Kenji
name: Noumi, Masatoshi
name: Yamada, Yasuhiko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 34M55, 14H70, 33C20, 33D15, 37K20, 39A10, 39A13

description: In this paper a comprehensive review is given on the current status of achievements in the geometric aspects of the Painlevé equations, with a particular emphasis on the discrete Painlevé equations. The theory is controlled by the geometry of certain rational surfaces called the spaces of initial values, which are characterized by eight point configuration on $\mathbb{P}^1\times\mathbb{P}^1$ and classified according to the degeration of points. We give a systematic description of the equations and their various properties, such as affine Weyl group symmetries, hypergeomtric solutions and Lax pairs under this framework, by using the language of Picard lattice and root systems. We also provide with a collection of basic data; equations, point configurations/root data, Weyl group representations, Lax pairs, and hypergeometric solutions of all possible cases.
description: 168 pages. Some errors found in the published version are corrected
Voluntary blood donation promotion in Haute Matsiatra region of Madagascar
Creators: name: Fenomanana, Jocia
name: Ramaminiaina, Heritiana Gisèle
name: Randriatsarafara, Fidiniaina Mamy
name: Randriamanantany, Zely Arivelo
Publisher: name: South Eastern European Journal of Public Health (SEEJPH)
Year: 2021

description: Aims: Access to sufficient, secure supplies of blood and safe transfusion services is an essential part of any strong health system. The Haute Matsiatra region has a need for blood and blood products that exceeds current availability (only 7% of needs are met). The aim of this study ls to assess community knowledge, attitude, and practice regarding voluntary blood donation in order to identify the obstacles. Methods: We have conducted a community-based cross-sectional study from 26th to 31th July 2019 within a sample of 300 subjects using a structured questionnaire and face-to-face interview. Data were analyzed using R software version 4.0.2. Results: All participants were unanimous about vital role of blood so that 62.3% were willing to donate blood but only 13% have ever donated blood. The majority of respondents (60.0%) had never heard sensitization about blood donation. The reason for non-donation were related to fears of needlestick injuries during the blood collect (38.3%), fear of blood borne diseases (17%), the lack of sensitization (6%). There was a positive significant relationship between level of education and willingness to donate blood (p-value <0, 05). The likelihood of blood donation was found to be higher among male participant 28 (71.8%) p<0.05, and among >45 years group (21.4 %) p= 0.03. Among those who ever donated blood, only 37 (26.6%) of them have received sensitization about donation. Conclusion: There is growing interest in blood donation among the population. Activities to promote blood volunteer donation should take into account the demotivating reasons for blood donation. Source of funding : None Conflict of interest statement: The authors report no conflicts of interest in this work. Authors’ contributions : All authors contributed toward data analysis, drafting and critically revising the paper and agree to be accountable for all aspects of the work. Acknowledgments : We thank all those who, directly or indirectly, have contributed to this publication.
description: South Eastern European Journal of Public Health (SEEJPH), Special Volume No. 2, 2021: Announcing the Hideyo Noguchi Africa Prize (1st edition)
The Perception and Purpose of Archival Power as Viewed by State Records Appraisers in Comparison to Theoretical Literature
Creators: name: White, Caitlin
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2019

description: This paper describes how archival power has been understood in terms of archival appraisal from the creation of the proto-archive to modern institutions. Archival theorists have emphasized the importance of archival power and the recognition of it by practicing archivists. A short series of interviews with practicing archival appraisers in southeastern state government records archives was conducted to understand the practical perspective of archival power.The three appraisal archivists did agree that they had power, although they agreed that there were limits to it. This is in contradiction with the archival theorists who seem to suggest that the archivists have not realized the power that they possess. The archivists believed that their power should be used for the public good, a sentiment echoed by the theorists.
Vibrations and mushrooms: Do environmental vibrations promote fungal growth and fruit body formation?
Creators: name: Kobayashi, Chisato
name: Takanashi, Takuma
name: Mukai, Hiromi
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Ecology not elsewhere classified

description: Area of fungal colony: Area of Lentinula edodes colony separetaely cultivated on malt extract media with and without vibration (500, 1000, and 3000 Hz).
 treefall vibration: Vibration patterns generated by a cut down tree (Larix kaempferi) using a chain saw. Vibrations was recorded on the log (Quercus serrata) at the posision 19-38m apart from the cut point.
National research impact indicators from Mendeley readers
Creators: name: Fairclough, R.
name: Thelwall, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Digital Libraries (cs.DL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: National research impact indicators derived from citation counts are used by governments to help assess their national research performance and to identify the effect of funding or policy changes. Citation counts lag research by several years, however, and so their information is somewhat out of date. Some of this lag can be avoided by using readership counts from the social reference sharing site Mendeley because these accumulate more quickly than citations. This article introduces a method to calculate national research impact indicators from Mendeley, using citation counts from older time periods to partially compensate for international biases in Mendeley readership. A refinement to accommodate recent national changes in Mendeley uptake makes little difference, despite being theoretically more accurate. The Mendeley patterns using the methods broadly reflect the results from similar calculations with citations and seem to reflect impact trends about a year earlier. Nevertheless, the reasons for the differences between the indicators from the two data sources are unclear.
title: Expanding minds through explorations of our expanding universe
Creators: name: Sutter, Jessica
Publisher: name: AIP Publishing
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: SOTL
subject: Physics
subject: Astronomy
subject: Education
subject: Type Ia supernova magnitudes
subject: STEM for non-STEM

description: Science is the observation of patterns inherent in the universe, composing the language by which the natural world communicates. To provide non-STEM students a meaningful experience of science, I developed a series of engaging, investigative activities through which students in an introductory astronomy course act as scientists to explore the world they inhabit. These activities focus on having students use real data they gather, or data gathered from academic journals and databases, to reach important conclusions about the nature of our universe. As an example, one activity focuses on using Type Ia supernova magnitudes to measure the accelerating expansion of the universe and is the focus of this paper. By including this and other similar activities throughout the course, the students engage in scientific thinking in a fun and exciting way. To evaluate the success of these activities, students were asked an open-ended experimental design question at the start and end of the course. The growth shown by the 11 students in the six-week summer class is an indicator that the inclusion of these activities helped these students learn about the tools available to astronomers, while also facilitating an environment to foster scientific thinking. This article may be downloaded for personal use only. Any other use requires prior permission of the author and AIP Publishing. This article appeared in The Physics Teacher 58, 520-521 (2020) and may be found at https://doi.org/10.1119/10.0002079
title: Asking Real-World Questions with Inquiry-Based Labs
Creators: name: Dale, Daniel
name: Kloster, Dylan
name: Sutter, Jessica
Publisher: name: AIP Publishing
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: SOTL
subject: Physics
subject: Education
subject: Inquiry-Based Labs

description: We have developed and employed a set of inquiry-based labs built around engaging “real-world” scenarios for our studio-style introductory Physics II course. In real-world situations, there is more than one path to success and step-by-step instructions are not provided. For this reason, the primary goal for these labs is to provide students with the freedom to develop collaborative solutions to open-ended challenges, where creativity and independent thought are encouraged. This approach is more akin to what they will encounter in the academic or industrial lab settings. The main challenges facing the students are developing the experimental plan and writing an in-depth lab report; in the end, the necessary measurements typically require only 5-10 minutes. The primary challenge to the instructor(s) is providing just enough guidance to keep students on the path to a feasible plan without giving away the solution. Student feedback has been very positive and we have made these labs freely available to our students and the larger physics community. This article may be downloaded for personal use only. Any other use requires prior permission of the author and AIP Publishing. This article appeared in The Physics Teacher 57, 547-550 (2019) and may be found at https://doi.org/10.1119/1.5131122
title: Magnetic coupling induced increase in the blocking temperature of γ-Fe2O3 nanoparticles
Creators: name: Dai, Jianbiao
name: Wang, Jian-Qing
name: Sangregorio, Claudio
name: Fang, Jiye
name: Carpenter, Everett
name: Tang, Jinke
Publisher: name: University of Wyoming. Libraries
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Physical Sciences and Mathematics

description: In this article, we report the magnetic properties of surfactant coated γ-Fe2O3 nanoparticles which are pressed under different pressures. With increasing pressure, the sample volume decreases, density increases, and a 55% density change has been achieved. The blocking temperature is increased from 50 to 80 K. Analyzing the data of blocking temperature versus densities, which exhibits linear relationship, and comparing the magnetic properties, the increase in blocking temperature is understood in terms of increased magnetic interactions between neighboring nanoparticles, which is due to the reduced average interparticle distance by the applied pressure.
Effective knowledge translation strategies for policy and action focused on sexual, reproductive, maternal, newborn, child, and adolescent health and wellbeing: A rapid scoping review
Creators: name: Curran, Janet
name: Wong, Helen
name: Wozney, Lori
name: Boulos, Leah
name: Bhutta, Zulfiqar
name: Bunting, Julia
name: Langlois, Etienne
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: Knowledge translation
subject: rapid scoping review

description: The protocol for a rapid scoping review to describe the common knowledge translation strategies used to promote the use of evidence to inform policy and action to improve (1) sexual health/rights; (2) reproductive health/rights; (3) maternal health/wellbeing; (4) newborn health/wellbeing or stillbirths; (5) child health/wellbeing; or (6) adolescent health/wellbeing.
Broadband dispersion engineered microresonator on-a-chip
Creators: name: Yang, Ki Youl
name: Beha, Katja
name: Cole, Daniel C.
name: Yi, Xu
name: Del'Haye, Pascal
name: Lee, Hansuek
name: Li, Jiang
name: Oh, Dong Yoon
name: Diddams, Scott A.
name: Papp, Scott B.
name: Vahala, Kerry J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Control of dispersion in fibre optical waveguides is of critical importance to optical fibre communications systems and more recently for continuum generation from the ultraviolet to the mid-infrared. The wavelength at which the group velocity dispersion crosses zero can be set by varying fibre core diameter or index step. Moreover, sophisticated methods to manipulate higher-order dispersion so as shape and even flatten dispersion over wide bandwidths are possible using multi-cladding fibre. Here we introduce design and fabrication techniques that allow analogous dispersion control in chip-integrated optical microresonators, and thereby demonstrate higher-order, wide-bandwidth dispersion control over an octave of spectrum. Importantly, the fabrication method we employ for dispersion control simultaneously permits optical Q factors above 100 million, which is critical for efficient operation of nonlinear optical oscillators. Dispersion control in high Q systems has taken on greater importance in recent years with increased interest in chip-integrable optical frequency combs.
New Topological Structures of Skyrme Theory: Baryon Number and Monopole Number
Creators: name: Cho, Y. M.
name: Kimm, Kyoungtae
name: Yoon, J. H.
name: Zhang, Pengming
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Based on the observation that the skyrmion in Skyrme theory can be viewed as a dressed monopole, we show that the skyrmions have two independent topology, the baryon topology $π_3(S^3)$ and the monopole topology $π_2(S^2)$. With this we propose to classify the skyrmions by two topological numbers $(m,n)$, the monopole number $m$ and the shell (radial) number $n$. In this scheme the popular (non spherically symmetric) skyrmions are classified as the $(m,1)$ skyrmions but the spherically symmetric skyrmions are classified as the $(1,n)$ skyrmions, and the baryon number $B$ is given by $B=mn$. Moreover, we show that the vacuum of the Skyrme theory has the structure of the vacuum of the Sine-Gordon theory and QCD combined together, which can also be classified by two topological numbers $(p,q)$. This puts the Skyrme theory in a totally new perspective.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures
title: Ανάπτυξη Άνυδρων Καλλυντικών Προϊόντων
title: Development of Anhydrous Cosmetic Products
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Αναγνώστη, Λαμπρινή
Publisher: name: Πανεπιστήμιο Δυτικής Αττικής
Year: 2023
Subjects: Άνυδρο
Σκόνη / Πούδρα
Καλλυντικό
Βιωσιμότητα
Upcycled
Sulfate free

description: Anhydrous, Waterless, Powder, Face Cleanser, Cosmetic, Sustainability, Life Cycle, Upcycled, Refillable, Natural Origin, Sulfate Free
description: Η παρουσία άνυδρων καλλυντικών αυξάνεται εκθετικά τα τελευταία χρόνια, καταλαμβάνοντας ολοένα και μεγαλύτερο μερίδιο στην αγορά προϊόντων ομορφιάς. Η παραπάνω τάση οφείλεται σε ένα συνδυασμό της παγκόσμιας κρίσης του νερού και της ευρύτερης περιβαλλοντικής ευαισθητοποίησης των καταναλωτών που αναζητούν βιώσιμα προϊόντα, με αποτέλεσμα την αύξηση της δημοτικότητας των καλλυντικών προϊόντων που περιλαμβάνουν ισχυρισμούς "χωρίς νερό", "άνυδρο" (waterless). Οι εταιρείες καλλυντικών αναζητούν ολοένα και περισσότερο συστατικά, ύλες, τρόπους παρασκευής, συσκευασίας, διανομής και απόρριψης που θα μειώνουν το περιβαλλοντικό αποτύπωμα νερού (water footprint) των προϊόντων τους σε έναν πλήρη κύκλο ζωής (full life-cycle). Στα πλαίσια της παρούσης εργασίας αναπτύχθηκε βιώσιμο καινοτόμο άνυδρο καθαριστικό προσώπου σε μορφή ελεύθερης σκόνης, χωρίς συντηρητικά και άρωμα, απαλλαγμένο από «ενοχοποιημένα» συστατικά όπως τα σουλφίδια, το οποίο προσφέρει ήπιο καθαρισμό και είναι εύκολο στη χρήση. Τα συστατικά του προϊόντος επιλέχθηκαν με βάση τη φυσικότητα και τη βιωσιμότητά τους, όπως και η μορφή του (άνυδρη), καθώς τα άνυδρα προϊόντα εμφανίζουν ελάχιστο περιβαλλοντικό αποτύπωμα νερού. Από τα αποτελέσματα των δοκιμών προέκυψε ένα 100% φυσικής προέλευσης και κατά 13% upcycled προϊόν ασφαλές στη χρήση, χωρίς ένδειξη μικροβιακού φορτίου ή ερεθισμών. Προτείνεται να συσκευάζεται σε επαναχρησιμοποιούμενους και ανακυκλώσιμους περιέκτες που θα βελτιώνουν τη βιωσιμότητά του σε ένα πλήρη κύκλο ζωής.
title: Protein Use and Muscle-Fiber Changes in Free-Ranging, Hibernating Black Bears
Creators: name: Tinker, Daniel B.
name: Harlow, H. J.
name: Beck, T. D. I.
Publisher: name: University of Wyoming. Libraries
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Botany

description: Studies of the metabolic and physiological changes that bears undergo during hibernation have, for the most part, supported the paradigm that bears use only fatty tissues as a metabolic substrate during hibernation. This study was performed to document the extent of protein loss and alteration of muscle-fiber characteristics of selected muscles in black bears during winter dormancy. Muscle biopsies were removed from the gas trocnemius and biceps femoris from seven free-ranging female black bears on the Uncompahgre Plateau in west-central Colorado. Six of the seven bears produced cubs during the hibernating season. Muscle samples were collected from the left hind limb shortly after bears entered their dens (fall), and additional samples were collected from the right hind limb just prior to bears leaving their dens (spring). Protein concentration, fast- and slow-twitch muscle-fiber ratios and muscle-fiber cross-sectional areas, and citrate synthase activity were measured in the laboratory. While protein concentration decreased in both muscles during the hibernation period, it was lower than predicted for lactating females. In addition, muscle-fiber number and cross-sectional area were unchanged in these muscles, suggesting only limited muscle atrophy. In support of these observations, there was a moderate but significant increase in the proportion of fast-twitch fibers only in the biceps femoris, with a concomitant decrease in citrate synthase activity, but no alteration of the fiber ratio in the gastrocnemius during hibernation. These findings suggest that hibernating bears, particularly lactating females, do use some protein, in concert with fat catabolism, as a metabolic substrate and as a source of water. However, the extent of this protein use is moderate and is associated with limited alteration of muscle structure, characteristic of disuse atrophy.
How We Read the Soldier’s Words: Subjectivity in Finding Aids Using Civil War Diaries From Academic Special Collections in the Mid-Atlantic Region
Creators: name: Herring, Kathryn
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2019

description: This paper presents the results of a tiered study that investigated the presence of subjectivity in Civil War diary finding aids. This study focused on two things: usage statistics of the diaries and an analysis of the diary finding aids. The analysis of the finding aids consisted of both a content and observational analysis. Findings suggest that there were more similarities than differences between the different finding aids, and that, though minor, subjectivity is present in academic special collection finding aids.
Two sides of a broken medal: Disease prevention and health promotion in schools of public health
Creators: name: Stamenkovic, Zeljka
name: Wenzel, Helmut
name: Jankovic, Janko
name: Bjegovic-Mikanovic, Vesna
Publisher: name: South Eastern European Journal of Public Health (SEEJPH)
Year: 2021

description: Aim: Disease prevention and health promotion are closely related through the lifestyle concept and teaching modules on them should be a part of the postgraduate curriculum of every School of Public Health (SPH) in the European Region and beyond. We aimed to determine to which degree the European SPH offer modules on Disease Prevention and Health Promotion in their postgradu-ate programs, but also the delay in full implementation for the target year 2030 that has been set at 100% for all SPHs. Methods: The Association of Schools of Public Health in the European Region (ASPHER) con-ducted two surveys on the activities of its members in 2011 and 2015/16. A group of 48 SPH responded in both surveys. Questions were related to the content offered by SPHs, the types of teaching methods that are in use and presentations of the modules at social networks. Results: For both modules, the 2nd survey in 2015/16 shows slightly less positive results as com-pared to the 1st Survey in 2011 (72.9% vs. 77.1% and 81.3% v. 87.5%). The only exception is the use of social media which increased for disease prevention from 20.8% to 37.5% of all SPH and for health promotion from 22.9% to 39.6%. Referring to the set target of 100%, delays between 4 and 13.5 years accumulate for the target year 2030. Conclusion: With the exception of the use of social media, progress towards 2030 is slow or even negative. Serious efforts have to be made by ASPHER to revert this process. Acknowledgments: The authors would like to thank all members of ASPHER for their commit-ment in responding to the survey questionnaire and providing examples of good practices in edu-cation, training and research for public health. Conflict of interest: None declared.
description: South Eastern European Journal of Public Health (SEEJPH), Volume XVI, 2021
High-order lattice Boltzmann models for wall-bounded flows at finite Knudsen numbers
Creators: name: Feuchter, C.
name: Schleifenbaum, W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze a large number of high-order discrete velocity models for solving the Boltzmann-BGK equation for finite Knudsen number flows. Using the Chapman-Enskog formalism, we prove for isothermal flows a relation identifying the resolved flow regimes for low Mach numbers. Although high-order lattice Boltzmann models recover flow regimes beyond the Navier-Stokes level we observe for several models significant deviations from reference results. We found this to be caused by their inability to recover the Maxwell boundary condition exactly. By using supplementary conditions for the gas-surface interaction it is shown how to systematically generate discrete velocity models of any order with the inherent ability to fulfill the diffuse Maxwell boundary condition accurately. Both high-order quadratures and an exact representation of the boundary condition turn out to be crucial for achieving reliable results. For Poiseuille flow, we can reproduce the mass flow and slip velocity up to the Knudsen number of 1. Moreover, for small Knudsen numbers, the Knudsen layer behavior is recovered.
description: 29 pages, 29 figures
title: Evaluating WRF-Chem Aerosol Indirect Effects in Southeast Pacific Marine Stratocumulus during VOCALS-REx
Creators: name: Saide, P. E.
name: Spak, S. N.
name: Carmichael, G. R.
name: Mena-Carrasco, M. A.
name: Yang, Q.
name: Howell, S.
name: Leon, D. C.
name: Snider, Jefferson Robert
name: Bandy, A. R.
name: Collett, J. L.
name: Benedict, K. B.
name: De Szoeke, S. P.
name: Hawkins, L. N.
name: Allen, G.
name: Crawford, I.
name: Crosier, J.
name: Springston, S. R.
Publisher: name: University of Wyoming. Libraries
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: aerosol
subject: airborne survey
subject: atmospheric modeling
subject: boundary layer
subject: climate forcing
subject: cloud microphysics
subject: computer simulation
subject: experimental study
subject: marine atmosphere
subject: observational method
subject: spatial variation
subject: stratocumulus
subject: temporal variation
subject: time series analysis
subject: wet deposition
subject: Pacific Ocean
subject: Pacific Ocean (Southeast)
subject: Engineering

description: We evaluate a regional-scale simulation with the WRF-Chem model for the VAMOS (Variability of the American Monsoon Systems) Ocean-Cloud-Atmosphere-Land Study Regional Experiment (VOCALS-REx), which sampled the Southeast Pacific's persistent stratocumulus deck. Evaluation of VOCALS-REx ship-based and three aircraft observations focuses on analyzing how aerosol loading affects marine boundary layer (MBL) dynamics and cloud microphysics. We compare local time series and campaign-averaged longitudinal gradients, and highlight differences in model simulations with (W) and without (NW) wet deposition processes. The higher aerosol loadings in the NW case produce considerable changes in MBL dynamics and cloud microphysics, in accordance with the established conceptual model of aerosol indirect effects. These include increase in cloud albedo, increase in MBL and cloud heights, drizzle suppression, increase in liquid water content, and increase in cloud lifetime. Moreover, better statistical representation of aerosol mass and number concentration improves model fidelity in reproducing observed spatial and temporal variability in cloud properties, including top and base height, droplet concentration, water content, rain rate, optical depth (COD) and liquid water path (LWP). Together, these help to quantify confidence in WRF-Chem's modeled aerosol-cloud interactions, especially in the activation parameterization, while identifying structural and parametric uncertainties including: irreversibility in rain wet removal; overestimation of marine DMS and sea salt emissions, and accelerated aqueous sulfate conversion. Our findings suggest that WRF-Chem simulates marine cloud-aerosol interactions at a level sufficient for applications in forecasting weather and air quality and studying aerosol climate forcing, and may do so with the reliability required for policy analysis.
title: Aνάπτυξη και μελέτη σταθερότητας καλλυντικών προϊόντων με αλκαλοειδή.
title: Development and stability study of cosmetic products with alkaloids.
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Χρυσογιάννη, Μαρία
Publisher: name: Πανεπιστήμιο Δυτικής Αττικής
Year: 2023
Subjects: Aλκαλοειδή
Καφεϊνη
Βερβερίνη
Πιπερίνη
Κόκκινα φύκη
Αντιγηραντικά καλλυντικά
Δοκιμασίες σταθερότητας

description: Τα αλκαλοειδή απαντώνται στη φύση ως δευτερογενείς μεταβολίτες, έχουν ισχυρές βιολογικές δράσεις στους ζωικούς και ανθρώπινους οργανισμούς και χρησιμοποιούνται ως συστατικά καλλυντικών προϊόντων, συστατικά προϊόντων διατροφής, συμπληρώματα διατροφής και φαρμακευτικά προϊόντα. Το αλκαλοειδές καφεΐνη, χρησιμοποιείται στα καλλυντικά με ισχυρισμούς: αντιγήρανσης, μείωσης της κυτταρίτιδας και του τοπικού πάχους και εξάλειψης των μαύρων κύκλων και του πρηξίματος των ματιών. Εκτός από την ελεύθερη μορφή της σε σκόνη, χρησιμοποιούνται και οι ενθυλακωμένες της μορφές, τόσο σε λιποσώματα όσο και σε κυκλοδεξτρίνες. Το κίτρινο αλκαλοειδές, βερβερίνη έχει αντιοξειδωτικές, αντιφλεγμονώδεις και αντιμικροβιακές ιδιότητες, ενώ έχουν αναφερθεί, σε μελέτες, αντιγηραντικές ιδιότητες. Το αλκαλοειδές, πιπερίνη, φαίνεται να αυξάνει την απορροφητικότητα των ενεργών συστατικών μέσω του δέρματος. Τα κόκκινα φύκη, λόγω των εξαιρετικά πλούσιων βιοδραστικών συστατικών τους – μεταξύ των οποίων και αλκαλοειδή- παρουσιάζουν ποικίλους λειτουργικούς ρόλους κατά την ανάπτυξη νέων, «πράσινων», καινοτόμων καλλυντικών προϊόντων. Aν και η λιπολυτική δράση της καφεΐνης έχει μελετηθεί αρκετά, οι σχετικές με την επίδρασή της στη μικροτοπογραφία και την ελαστικότητα του δέρματος ιδιότητες της δεν έχουν εκτενώς διερευνηθεί. Στην παρούσα μελέτη αναπτύχθηκαν και εξετάστηκαν ως προς την σταθερότητα τους, καλλυντικές συνθέσεις με ενεργά συστατικά μείγματα των αλκαλοειδών καφεΐνης (ελεύθερης και ενθυλακωμένης σε λιποσώματα/κυκλοδεξτρίνη), βερβερίνης, πιπερίνης σε συνδυασμό με εκχύλισμα κόκκινων φυκών. Το σύνολο των συνθέσεων είχε αποδεκτές υφές, αποδεκτά φυσικοχημικά χαρακτηριστικά και επιτυχημένες μετρήσεις κατά τη διεξαγωγή των αντίστοιχων μελετών σταθερότητας καθώς και αποτελεσματικό σύστημα συντήρησης. Σκοπός της μελέτης είναι η σύγκριση της φυσικοχημικής σταθερότητας γαλακτωμάτων O/W με τις τρεις μορφές καφεΐνης που χρησιμοποιήθηκαν σε συνδυασμό με τα αλκαλοειδή που ενσωματώθηκαν για τη βελτίωση των δερματοκοσμητικών ιδιοτήτων της καφεΐνης. Η κλινική μελέτη για την αξιολόγηση της αποτελεσματικότητας των γαλακτωμάτων της εργασίας, είναι σε εξέλιξη μετά από έγκριση της Επιτροπής Ηθικής και Δεοντολογίας της Έρευνας του Πανεπιστημίου Δυτικής Αττικής.
title: Rapid Hydrologic Shifts and Prolonged Droughts in Rocky Mountain Headwaters During the Holocene
Creators: name: Shuman, B.
name: Pribyl, P.
name: Minckley, Thomas
name: Shinker, J. J.
Publisher: name: University of Wyoming. Libraries
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Botany

description: Rapid hydroclimatic shifts repeatedly generated centuries to millennia of extensive aridity across the headwaters of three of North America's largest river systems during the Holocene. Evidence of past lake-level changes at the headwaters of the Snake-Columbia, Missouri-Mississippi, and Green-Colorado Rivers in the Rocky Mountains shows that aridity as extensive and likely as severe as the CE 1930s Dust Bowl developed within centuries or less at ca. 9 ka (thousand years before CE 1950), and persisted across large areas of the watersheds until ca. 3 ka. Regional water levels also shifted abruptly at >11.3 and 1.8-1.2 ka. The record of low water levels during the mid-Holocene on the Continental Divide links similar evidence from the Great Basin and the Midwestern U. S., and shows that extensive aridity was the Holocene norm even though few GCMs have simulated such a pattern.
title: Rapid Full-Wave Centroid Moment Tensor (CMT) Inversion in a Three-Dimensional Earth Structure Model for Earthquakes in Southern California
Creators: name: Lee, En Jui
name: Chen, Po
name: Jordan, Thomas H.
name: Wang, L.
Publisher: name: University of Wyoming. Libraries
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Computational seismology
subject: Early warning
subject: Earthquake ground motions
subject: Earthquake source observations
subject: Probability distributions
subject: Wave propagation

description: A central problem of seismology is the inversion of regional waveform data for models of earthquake sources. In regions such as Southern California, preliminary 3-D earth structure models are already available, and efficient numerical methods have been developed for 3-D anelastic wave-propagation simulations. We describe an automated procedure that utilizes these capabilities to derive centroid moment tensors (CMTs). The procedure relies on the use of receiver-side Green's tensors (RGTs), which comprise the spatial-temporal displacements produced by the three orthogonal unit impulsive point forces acting at the receivers. We have constructed a RGT database for 219 broad-band stations in Southern California using a tomographically improved version of the 3-D SCEC Community Velocity Model Version 4.0 (CVM4) and a staggered-grid finite-difference code. Finite-difference synthetic seismograms for any earthquake in our modelling volume can be simply calculated by extracting a small, source-centred volume from the RGT database and applying the reciprocity principle. The partial derivatives needed for the CMT inversion can be generated in the same way. We have developed an automated algorithm that combines a grid-search for suitable focal mechanisms and hypocentre locations with a Gauss-Newton optimization that further refines the grid-search results. Using this algorithm, we have determined CMT solutions for 165 small to medium-sized earthquakes in Southern California. Preliminary comparison with the CMT solutions provided by the Southern California Seismic Network (SCSN) shows that our solutions generally provide better fit to the observed waveforms. When applied to a large number of earthquakes, our algorithm may provide a more robust CMT catalogue for earthquakes in Southern California.
MPEC 2023-T134 : 2023 TM4
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2023 TM4

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Site Unseen: Website Accessibility Testing for Academic Libraries with Visually-Impaired Users
Creators: name: Waugh, Devon
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2019

description: Research was conducted to evaluate the accessibility at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill by having users with visual impairments answer questions about the use of the library website and use of assistive technologies in a questionnaire and following-up with a usability test. The usability test involved having participants complete tasks that were guided by a sample research question. Throughout the test, they navigated a database access page, a subject guide, and two databases to find research articles that related to the question. The resulting data indicated users preferred the organized layout of the database access page, but overall participants were frustrated with navigating the interfaces of databases, which varied in their design and delivery of accessible PDFs. Making changes to the database access page’s code and structure also ensured that the page was accessible prior to confirming with participants in the testing environment.
title: Use of Western Brands in Asserting Chinese National Identity, The
Creators: name: Dong, Lily
name: Tian, Kelly
Publisher: name: University of Wyoming. Libraries
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Business

description: Chinese consumers employ Western brands to assert competing versions of Chinese national identity. These uses emerged from findings that Chinese form meanings of Western brands, drawing from select historical national narratives of East-West relations: the West as liberator and Western brands as instruments of democratization; the West as oppressor and Western brands as instruments of domination; the West as subjugated and Western brands, by their own subjugation, as symbolically erasing China's past humiliations; and the West as partner and Western brands as instruments of economic progress. Our emergent theory elaborates processes by which Western brands are shaped by macrolevel, sociohistorical forces to motivate consumers' responses to them as political action tied to nation making.
Topological currents in black phosphorus with broken inversion symmetry
Creators: name: Low, Tony
name: Jiang, Yongjin
name: Guinea, Francisco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine the nature of topological currents in black phosphorus when its inversion symmetry is deliberately broken. Here, the conduction and valence band edges are located at the $Γ$ point of the rectangular Brillouin zone, and they exhibit strong anisotropy along its two crystal axes. We will show below that these salient features lead to a linear transverse neutral topological currents, accompanied also by a non-linear transverse charge current at the Fermi surface. These topological currents are maximal when the in-plane electric field is applied along the zigzag crystal axes, but zero along the armchair direction.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
title: Optical Waveguide Lightmode Spectroscopy (OWLS) as a Sensor for Thin Film and Quantum Dot Corrosion
Creators: name: Tang, Jinke
name: Yu, Hao
name: Eggleston, Carrick M.
name: Chen, Jiajun
name: Wang, Wenyong
name: Dai, Qilin
Publisher: name: University of Wyoming. Libraries
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: OWLS
subject: AFM
subject: waveguide sensors
subject: thin films
subject: quantum dots
subject: ZTO
subject: CdSe
subject: Physical Sciences and Mathematics

description: Optical waveguide lightmode spectroscopy (OWLS) is usually applied as a biosensor system to the sorption-desorption of proteins to waveguide surfaces. Here, we show that OWLS can be used to monitor the quality of oxide thin film materials and of coatings of pulsed laser deposition synthesized CdSe quantum dots (QDs) intended for solar energy applications. In addition to changes in data treatment and experimental procedure, oxide- or QD-coated waveguide sensors must be synthesized. We synthesized zinc stannate (Zn2SnO4) coated (Si,Ti)O2 waveguide sensors, and used OWLS to monitor the relative mass of the film over time. Films lost mass over time, though at different rates due to variation in fluid flow and its physical effect on removal of film material. The Pulsed Laser Deposition (PLD) technique was used to deposit CdSe QD coatings on waveguides. Sensors exposed to pH 2 solution lost mass over time in an expected, roughly exponential manner. Sensors at pH 10, in contrast, were stable over time. Results were confirmed with atomic force microscopy imaging. Limiting factors in the use of OWLS in this manner include limitations on the annealing temperature that maybe used to synthesize the oxide film, and limitations on the thickness of the film to be studied. Nevertheless, the technique overcomes a number of difficulties in monitoring the quality of thin films in-situ in liquid environments.
EVIDENCE-BASED CLASSIFICATION IN WHEELCHAIR SPORTS: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
Creators: name: Sá, Karina
name: de Athayde Costa e Silva, Anselmo
name: Magno e Silva, Marília
name: Santos, Felipe
name: Nogueira, Cláudio
name: Gorla, José
name: Kleiner, Ana
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Sports Sciences
subject: Medicine and Health Sciences

description: A systematic Review of evidence-based classification en wheelchair sports