cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
A Small, Rapid Optical-IR Response Gamma-Ray Burst Space Observatory (The NGRG)
Creators: name: Grossan, Bruce
name: Kumar, Pawan
name: Perley, Daniel
name: Smoot, George F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Here we propose a new gamma-ray burst (GRB) mission, the Next Generation Rapid-Response GRB Observatory (NGRG). As with Swift, GRBs are initially located with a coded-mask X-ray camera. However, the NGRG has two new features: First, a beam-steering system to begin optical observations within ~ 1 s after location; second, a near-IR (NIR) camera viewing the same sky, for sensitivity to extinguished bursts. These features allow measurement of the rise phase of GRB optical-NIR emission. Thus far, the rise time and transition between prompt and afterglow in the optical and NIR are rarely measured. Rapid-response measurements explore many science topics including optical emission mechanisms (synchrotron vs. SSC, photospheric emission) and jet characteristics (reverse vs. forward shock emission, baryon-dominated vs. magnetic dominated). Rapid optical-NIR response can measure dynamic evolution of extinction due to vaporization of dust, and separate star system and galaxy dust extinction. We discuss these measurements, giving reliable detection rate estimates from analysis of Swift data and scaled Swift performance. The NGRG will explore optical/NIR emission measured earlier than ever before, and potentially fainter, more extinguished GRBs than ever before. In the current era, costs are important. Our proposed modest NGRG can still produce new GRB science, while providing rapid GRB alerts for the entire community for post-Swift GRB science. We show that an X-ray instrument barely 1/5 the area of Swift BAT will yield a significant fraction of Swift's detection rate: more than 65 X-ray, and with a 30 cm optical-IR telescope and modern cameras, more than 19 NIR and 14 optical detections each year. In addition, active feedback control of the beam-steering would remove the need for arc sec stabilization of the spacecraft, for a substantial cost saving.
description: This version minor changes, typos, minor title change, corrected URL in comments. Accepted for publication 2014 Aug 22. Addl materials and data given at http://www-astro.lbl.gov/~bruce/ngrg/ngrg.html
Im Namen der Ziegelei- & Backsteinfabriken Nebikon an Louis Rollier (1859-1931)
Creators: name: Mechanische Ziegel- und Backsteinfabriken Nebikon-Gettnau
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1906

description: Brief aus Nebikon, auf Papier der A.G. Ziegelei- & Backsteinfabriken Nebikon-Gettnau-Horw-Muri
Automated Planning of Process Models: The Construction of Simple Merges
Creators: name: Heinrich, Bernd
name: Schön, Dominik
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Business Process Management, Process planning, Automated planning, Control Flow Structures
subject: 000 Allgemeines, Wissenschaft

description: Business processes evolve dynamically with changing business demands. Because of these fast changes, traditional process improvement techniques have to be adapted and extended since they often require a high degree of manual work. To reduce this degree of manual work, the automated planning of process models is proposed. In this context, we present a novel approach for an automated construction of the control flow structure simple merge (XOR join). This ac-counts for a necessary step towards an automated planning of entire process models. Here we build upon a planning domain, which gives us a general and formal basis to apply our ap-proach independently from a specific process modeling language. To analyze the feasibility of our method, we mathematically evaluate the approach in terms of key properties like termina-tion and completeness. Moreover, we implement the approach in a process planning software and apply it to several real-world processes.
Development of two novel face-recognition CAPTCHAs: a security and usability study
Creators: name: Schryen, Guido
name: Wagner, Gerit
name: Schlegel, Alexander
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: CAPTCHA, Usability, Facial features, Gender classiffcation, Age classification, Face recognition reverse Turing test
subject: 004 Informatik

description: CAPTCHAs are challenge-response tests that aim at preventing unwanted machines, including bots, from accessing web services while providing easy access for humans. Recent advances in artificial-intelligence based attacks show that the level of security provided by many state-of-the-art text-based CAPTCHAs is declining. At the same time, techniques for distorting and obscuring the text, which are used to maintain the level of security, make text-based CAPTCHAs diffcult to solve for humans, and thereby further degrade usability. The need for developing alternative types of CAPTCHAs which improve both, the current security and usability levels, has been emphasized by several researchers. With this study, we contribute to research through (1) the development of two new face recognition CAPTCHAs (Farett-Gender and Farett-Gender&Age), (2) the security analysis of both procedures, and (3) the provision of empirical evidence that one of the suggested CAPTCHAs (Farett-Gender) is similar to Google's reCAPTCHA and better than KCAPTCHA concerning effectiveness (error rates), superior to both regarding learnability and satisfaction but not effciency.
A new perspective on the integrability of Inozemtsev's elliptic spin chain
Creators: name: Finkel, Federico
name: Gonzalez-Lopez, Artemio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The aim of this paper is studying from an alternative point of view the integrability of the spin chain with long-range elliptic interactions introduced by Inozemtsev. Our analysis relies on some well-established conjectures characterizing the chaotic vs. integrable behavior of a quantum system, formulated in terms of statistical properties of its spectrum. More precisely, we study the distribution of consecutive levels of the (unfolded) spectrum, the power spectrum of the spectral fluctuations, the average degeneracy, and the equivalence to a classical vertex model. Our results are consistent with the general consensus that this model is integrable, and that it is closer in this respect to the Heisenberg chain than to its trigonometric limit (the Haldane-Shastry chain). On the other hand, we present some numerical and analytical evidence showing that the level density of Inozemtsev's chain is asymptotically Gaussian as the number of spins tends to infinity, as is the case with the Haldane-Shastry chain. We are also able to compute analytically the mean and the standard deviation of the spectrum, showing that their asymptotic behavior coincides with that of the Haldane-Shastry chain.
description: Pdflatex, 35 pages, 6 figures. Minor changes, to appear in Annals of Physics
Visualizations of the Exclusive Central Diffraction
Creators: name: Ryutin, R. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The case of the low invariant mass exclusive central diffractive production is considered in the general theoretical framework. It is shown that diffractive patterns (differential cross-sections on variables like transfer momenta squared, the azimuthal angle between final hadrons and their combinations) can serve as a unique tool to explore the picture of the $pp$ interaction and falsify theoretical models. Basic kinematical and dynamical properties of the process are considered in detail. As an example, visualizations of diffractive patterns in the model with three pomerons for processes $p+p\to p+R+p$ and $p+p\to p+π^{+}π^{-}+p$ are presented.
description: 12 pages, 8 figures, minor corrections in the text, 1 reference has been added
Impact of local-moment fluctuations on the magnetic degeneracy of iron arsenide superconductors
Creators: name: Wang, Xiaoyu
name: Fernandes, Rafael M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the fate of the orthorhombic stripe-type magnetic state (ordering vectors $\left(π,0\right)$/$\left(0,π\right)$), observed in most iron-pnictide superconductors, in the presence of localized magnetic moments that tend to form a Neel state (ordering vector $\left(π,π\right)$). We show that before long-range Neel order sets in, the coupling between the conduction electrons and the fluctuations of the local moments favors an unusual magnetic state consisting of a coherent superposition of the $\left(π,0\right)$ and $\left(0,π\right)$ orders that preserves tetragonal symmetry. The magnetization of this state is non-uniform and induces a simultaneous checkerboard charge order. We discuss signatures of this magnetic configuration on the electronic spectrum and its impact on the superconducting state, showing that its phase space for coexistence with the $s^{+-}$ state is smaller than the stripe-type state. Our results shed light on recent experimental observations on $\mathrm{Ba(Fe_{1-x}Mn_{x})_{2}As_{2}}$ compounds, where the Neel-type local Mn moments interact with the Fe conduction electrons.
description: expanded version as published in PRB
Correlations and functional connections in a population of grid cells
Creators: name: Dunn, Benjamin
name: Mørreaunet, Maria
name: Roudi, Yasser
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: We study the statistics of spike trains of simultaneously recorded grid cells in freely behaving rats. We evaluate pairwise correlations between these cells and, using a generalized linear model (kinetic Ising model), study their functional connectivity. Even when we account for the covariations in firing rates due to overlapping fields, both the pairwise correlations and functional connections decay as a function of the shortest distance between the vertices of the spatial firing pattern of pairs of grid cells, i.e. their phase difference. The functional connectivity takes positive values between cells with nearby phases and approaches zero or negative values for larger phase differences. We also find similar results when, in addition to correlations due to overlapping fields, we account for correlations due to theta oscillations and head directional inputs. The inferred connections between neurons can be both negative and positive regardless of whether the cells share common spatial firing characteristics, that is, whether they belong to the same modules, or not. The mean strength of these inferred connections is close to zero, but the strongest inferred connections are found between cells of the same module. Taken together, our results suggest that grid cells in the same module do indeed form a local network of interconnected neurons with a functional connectivity that supports a role for attractor dynamics in the generation of the grid pattern.
description: Accepted for publication in PLoS Computational Biology
Hadrons on the worldline, holography, and Wilson flow
Creators: name: Dietrich, Dennis D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Holographic principles have impacted the way we look at strong coupling phenomena in quantum chromodynamics, strongly interacting extensions of the standard model, and {condensed-matter} physics. In real world settings, however, we still lack understanding of why and when such an approach is justified. Therefore, here, without invoking any such principle a priori, we demonstrate how such a picture arises in the worldline formulation of quantum field theory. Among other connections to holographic models, a warped AdS5 geometry, a quantum mechanical picture, and hidden local symmetry emerge, as well as a Wilson flow (gradient flow), which extends the four-dimensional sources to five-dimensional fields and a link to the Gutzwiller trace formula. The worldline formulation also reproduces the non-relativistic case, which is important for condensed-matter physics.
description: 6 pages, 1 figure. v2 corresponds to published version
Teleparallel Gravity in Five Dimensional Theories
Creators: name: Geng, Chao-Qiang
name: Luo, Ling-Wei
name: Tseng, Huan-Hsin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study teleparallel gravity in five-dimensional spacetime with particular discussions on Kaluza-Klein (KK) and braneworld theories. We directly perform the dimensional reduction by differential forms. In the braneworld theory, the teleparallel gravity formalism in the Friedmann-Lemaître-Robertson-Walker cosmology is equivalent to GR due to the same Friedmann equation, whereas in the KK case the reduction of our formulation does not recover the effect as GR of 4-dimensional spacetime.
description: 12 pages, no figure, revised version accepted for publication in CQG
Spatial, temporal, and demographic patterns in prevalence of smoking tobacco use and attributable disease burden in 204 countries and territories, 1990–2019: a systematic analysis from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019
Creators: name: Gupta, Bhawna
Publisher: name: Torrens University Australia
Year: 2022
Subjects: Major global burdens of disease

description: Ending the global tobacco epidemic is a defining challenge in global health. Timely and comprehensive estimates of the prevalence of smoking tobacco use and attributable disease burden are needed to guide tobacco control efforts nationally and globally. Methods We estimated the prevalence of smoking tobacco use and attributable disease burden for 204 countries and territories, by age and sex, from 1990 to 2019 as part of the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study. We modelled multiple smoking-related indicators from 3625 nationally representative surveys. We completed systematic reviews and did Bayesian meta-regressions for 36 causally linked health outcomes to estimate non-linear dose-response risk curves for current and former smokers. We used a direct estimation approach to estimate attributable burden, providing more comprehensive estimates of the health effects of smoking than previously available.
Moving stone in the Hele-Shaw flow
Creators: name: Mishuris, Gennady
name: Rogosin, Sergei
name: Wrobel, Michal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 76D27, 35J25, 35R35

description: Asymptotic analysis of the Hele-Shaw flow with a small moving obstacle is performed. The method of solution utilises the uniform asymptotic formulas for Green's and Neumann functions recently obtained by V. Maz'ya and A. Movchan. Theoretical results of the paper are illustrated by the numerical simulations.
description: 29 pages, 14 figures
J. Wullschleger, Kurhaus Twannberg, an Louis Rollier (1859-1931)
Creators: name: Wullschleger, J.
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1920

description: Brief aus Twannberg.
Zusätzlich darauf vermerkt: Notizen zur Beantwortung am 22.10.1920 von Louis Rollier
title: РЕАКТИВНЫЙ ПОЛИАРТРИТ У РЕБЕНКА  ПОСЛЕ ПЕРЕНЕСЕННОЙ КОРОНАВИРУСНОЙ ИНФЕКЦИИ COVID-19 (КЛИНИЧЕСКИЙ СЛУЧАЙ)
Creators: name: Сагитова, Гульнара Рафиковна
name: Антонова, Алена Анатольевна
name: Расщепкина, Наталья Ильинична
name: Середа, Василий Михайлович
Publisher: name: Астраханский государственный медицинский университет
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Clinical medicine
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Описан клинический случай лечения у подростка реактивного полиартрита после перенесенной коронавирусной инфекции COVID-19 с помощью успешного использования глюкокортикостероида. Пациентка М., 12 лет, была госпитализирована в кардиологическое отделение Областной детской клинической больницы имени Н.Н. Силищевой г. Астрахани с жалобами на боли в ступнях и кистях. На момент госпитализации была больна в течение месяца, начало заболевания связывает с перенесенной новой коронавирусной инфекцией. Объективно: боли, дефигурация в области пястно-фаланговых суставов третьего пальца левой и первого, второго и третьего пальцев правой кисти. Кожа над ними гиперемирована, слегка пигментирована. Легкая периартикулярная инфильтрация в области правого лучезапястного сустава. Движения в нем умеренно болезненные. Кожа над ним не изменена. Очаги гиперемии и пигментации кожи отмечены по медиальной поверхности стоп. Предъявляет жалобы на боли при движении в суставах плюсны обеих стоп, кожа над ними горячая. Проведена терапия нестероидными противовоспалительными препаратами, при этом эффект не отмечен, высокая лихорадка и выраженный болевой синдром в суставах сохранялись. С целью усиления противовоспалительного эффекта нестеро-идные противовоспалительные препараты заменили на глюкокортикостероиды. На этом фоне зафиксирована стойкая положительная динамика: суставной синдром клинически купирован, лабораторные показатели значительно улучшены, в том числе и маркеры воспалительного процесса. Таким образом, своевременное лечение позволило локализовать воспалительный процесс, улучшить как состояние подростка, так и качество его жизни.
Efficient Low-Resolution Face Recognition via Bridge Distillation
Creators: name: Ge, Shiming
name: Zhao, Shengwei
name: Li, Chenyu
name: Zhang, Yu
name: Li, Jia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Multimedia (cs.MM)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Face recognition in the wild is now advancing towards light-weight models, fast inference speed and resolution-adapted capability. In this paper, we propose a bridge distillation approach to turn a complex face model pretrained on private high-resolution faces into a light-weight one for low-resolution face recognition. In our approach, such a cross-dataset resolution-adapted knowledge transfer problem is solved via two-step distillation. In the first step, we conduct cross-dataset distillation to transfer the prior knowledge from private high-resolution faces to public high-resolution faces and generate compact and discriminative features. In the second step, the resolution-adapted distillation is conducted to further transfer the prior knowledge to synthetic low-resolution faces via multi-task learning. By learning low-resolution face representations and mimicking the adapted high-resolution knowledge, a light-weight student model can be constructed with high efficiency and promising accuracy in recognizing low-resolution faces. Experimental results show that the student model performs impressively in recognizing low-resolution faces with only 0.21M parameters and 0.057MB memory. Meanwhile, its speed reaches up to 14,705, ~934 and 763 faces per second on GPU, CPU and mobile phone, respectively.
description: This paper is published in IEEE TIP 2020
On entanglement entropy functionals in higher derivative gravity theories
Creators: name: Bhattacharyya, Arpan
name: Sharma, Menika
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In arXiv:1310.5713 and arXiv:1310.6659 a formula was proposed as the entanglement entropy functional for a general higher-derivative theory of gravity, whose lagrangian consists of terms containing contractions of the Riemann tensor. In this paper, we carry out some tests of this proposal. First, we find the surface equation of motion for general four-derivative gravity theory by minimizing the holographic entanglement entropy functional resulting from this proposed formula. Then we calculate the surface equation for the same theory using the generalized gravitational entropy method of arXiv:1304.4926. We find that the two do not match in their entirety. We also construct the holographic entropy functional for quasi-topological gravity, which is a six-derivative gravity theory. We find that this functional gives the correct universal terms. However, as in the four-derivative case, the generalized gravitational entropy method applied to this theory does not give exactly the surface equation of motion coming from minimizing the entropy functional.
description: 34 pages; v3: Details added, typos fixed, references updated; version to appear in JHEP
An Electromechanical Co-Simulation Model Based on Lumped Parameter Model of Ball Screw Feed Drive System
Creators: name: Luo, L.
name: Zhang, W.
name: Sui, H.
name: Fleischer, J.
Publisher: name: Karlsruhe
Year: 2018

description: The continuous search for efficiency put forward higher requests to the machine tool for high speed and high acceleration, which makes the large-size and lightweight-designed feed drive system more likely to produce vibration during high-speed and high-acceleration feed operation. Ball screw feed system is the most widely used linear drive system in the field of industrial automation. Electromechanical Co-Simulation for ball screw feed drive dynamics is an important technique for solving vibration problems occurs in the feed motion. In view of the shortcomings of the current dynamic simulation model in the study of vibration of ball screw feed drive system, taking a ball screw feed drive system test bench as an example, an electromechanical co-simulation model based on the lumped parameter model of ball screw feed drive system was built up in this paper. Firstly, based on the axial and rotation vibration integrated dynamic modeling method of ball screws, the lumped parameter model of ball screw feed system was established. Secondly, through the integration of the simulation model of semi-closed-loop cascade control system and the lumped parameter model of ball screw feed drive system, an electromechanical co-simulation model was built up. Simulation result shows that, the co-simulation model of ball screw feed drive system can predict the vibration occurs in the feed operation caused by the servo controller, ball screw feed system or the coupling between them.
Enhanced Stability of Skyrmions in Two-Dimensional Chiral Magnets with Rashba Spin-Orbit Coupling
Creators: name: Banerjee, Sumilan
name: Rowland, James
name: Erten, Onur
name: Randeria, Mohit
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 82D40

description: Recent developments have led to an explosion of activity on skyrmions in three-dimensional (3D) chiral magnets. Experiments have directly probed these topological spin textures, revealed their nontrivial properties, and led to suggestions for novel applications. However, in 3D the skyrmion crystal phase is observed only in a narrow region of the temperature-field phase diagram. We show here, using a general analysis based on symmetry, that skyrmions are much more readily stabilized in two-dimensional (2D) systems with Rashba spin-orbit coupling. This enhanced stability arises from the competition between field and easy-plane magnetic anisotropy and results in a nontrivial structure in the topological charge density in the core of the skyrmions. We further show that, in a variety of microscopic models for magnetic exchange, the required easy-plane anisotropy naturally arises from the same spin-orbit coupling that is responsible for the chiral Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interactions. Our results are of particular interest for 2D materials like thin films, surfaces, and oxide interfaces, where broken surface-inversion symmetry and Rashba spin-orbit coupling naturally lead to chiral exchange and easy-plane compass anisotropy. Our theory gives a clear direction for experimental studies of 2D magnetic materials to stabilize skyrmions over a large range of magnetic fields down to T=0.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures, published version
Disposition zur Forschungsarbeit über "Vergleichende Übersicht der Klusen und verwandten Formen im Berner und Solothurner Jura", erstellt von Fritz Wyss (1881-1942) zuhanden von Louis Rollier (1859-1931)
Creators: name: Wyss, Fritz
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1911

description: Disposition, erstellt von Fritz Wyss.
Später Erwähnung, dass ident. Titel die Diplomarbeit im Gmynasiallehrerexamen war
Tight-binding approach to penta-graphene
Creators: name: Schliemann, John
name: Beltrán, J. I.
name: Stauber, Tobias
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: INITIO MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; CARBON; SCATTERING; GRAPHITE; MODEL;
subject: 530 Physik

description: We introduce an effective tight-binding model to discuss penta-graphene and present an analytical solution. This model only involves the pi-orbitals of the sp(2)-hybridized carbon atoms and reproduces the two highest valence bands. By introducing energy-dependent hopping elements, originating from the elimination of the sp(3)-hybridized carbon atoms, also the two lowest conduction bands can be well approximated - but only after the inclusion of a Hubbard onsite interaction as well as of assisted hopping terms. The eigenfunctions can be approximated analytically for the effective model without energy-dependent hopping elements and the optical absorption is discussed. We find large isotropic absorption ranging from 7.5% up to 24% for transitions at the Gamma-point.
What do we know about open science and its impact on diversity?
Creators: name: Montgomery, Lucy
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Open Access; Open Science; Equity, Diversity and Inclusion; Research Evaluation

description: Lucy Montgomery's presentation as part of a panel at the NHMRC Research Translation Long Weekend 2022. Plenary 6: Open science, research translation, equity and diversity 21 November 2022 In November 2021 the UNESCO Recommendation on Open Science acknowledged the potential open science (including the core component open access) has to make the scientific process more transparent, inclusive and democratic. Amongst the core values described in the recommendation are equity and fairness, and diversity and inclusiveness. Although many expect that open science will facilitate a more equitable and inclusive scientific endeavour, can it really achieve this goal?

 Chair:
 Prof Ginny Barbour
 Co-Lead, Office for Scholarly Communications, Queensland University of Technology (QUT) and Director of Open Access Australasia. Presenters:
 Dr Ana Persic, UNESCO; Professor Lucy Montgomery, Curtin University; Dr. Robert Terry, UNICEF/UNDP/World Bank/WHO Special Programme for Research and Training in Tropical Diseases Moderator:
 Ms Saskia Cheyne, Australian Living Evidence Consortium
Im Namen der Ziegelei Paradies Langwiesen an Louis Rollier (1859-1931)
Creators: name: Keller AG Ziegeleien (darunter Werk Paradies)
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1902

description: Brief aus Langwiesen bei Schaffhausen, auf Briefpapier der Ziegelei Paradies Langwiesen
Tuning Structures and Electronic Spectra of Graphene Layers by Tilt Grain Boundaries
Creators: name: Yin, Long-Jing
name: Qiao, Jia-Bin
name: Wang, Wen-Xiao
name: Chu, Zhao-Dong
name: Zhang, Kai Fen
name: Dou, Rui-Fen
name: Gao, Chun Lei
name: Jia, Jin-Feng
name: Nie, Jia-Cai
name: He, Lin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Despite the structures and properties of tilt grain boundaries of graphite surface and graphene have been extensively studied, their effect on the structures and electronic spectra of graphene layers has not been fully addressed. Here we study effects of one-dimensional tilt grain boundaries on structures and electronic spectra of graphene multilayers by scanning tunneling microscopy and spectroscopy. A tilt grain boundary of a top graphene sheet in graphene multilayers leads to a twist between consecutive layers and generates superstructures (Moiré patterns) on one side of the boundary. Our results demonstrate that the twisting changes the electronic spectra of Bernal graphene bilayer and graphene trilayers dramatically. We also study quantum-confined twisted graphene bilayer generated between two adjacent tilt grain boundaries and find that the band structure of such a system is still valid even when the number of superstructures is reduced to two in one direction. It implies that the electronic structure of this system is driven by the physics of a single Moiré spot.
description: 4 figures in main text and 8 figures in SI
Training Course for Cultivation of Preschool Physical Education Teaching Ability of Year 4 Students Majoring in Preschool Education, Ankang University, the People’s Republic of China
Creators: name: Huan, Chen
Publisher: name: DR.KEN Institute of Academic Development and Promotion
Year: 2023
Subjects: Physical Education Teaching Ability
Training Course
Preschool Education

description: International Journal of Sociologies and Anthropologies Science Reviews, 3, 2, 147-164
Accelerated Evolution of Ly$α$ Luminosity Function at $\textit{z} \gtrsim 7$ Revealed by the Subaru Ultra-Deep Survey for Ly$α$ Emitters at $\textit{z}=7.3$
Creators: name: Konno, Akira
name: Ouchi, Masami
name: Ono, Yoshiaki
name: Shimasaku, Kazuhiro
name: Shibuya, Takatoshi
name: Furusawa, Hisanori
name: Nakajima, Kimihiko
name: Naito, Yoshiaki
name: Momose, Rieko
name: Yuma, Suraphong
name: Iye, Masanori
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the ultra-deep Subaru narrowband imaging survey for Lya emitters (LAEs) at $z=7.3$ in SXDS and COSMOS fields with a total integration time of 106 hours. Exploiting our new sharp bandwidth filter, NB101, installed on Suprime-Cam, we have reached $L(Lya)=2.4\times10^{42} \ erg \ s^{-1}$ ($5σ$) for $z=7.3$ LAEs, about 4 times deeper than previous Subaru $z \gtrsim 7$ studies, which allows us to reliably investigate evolution of Lya luminosity function (LF), for the first time, down to the luminosity limit same as those of Subaru $z=3.1-6.6$ LAE samples. Surprisingly, we only find three and four LAEs in SXDS and COSMOS fields, respectively, while one expects a total of $\sim 65$ LAEs by our survey in the case of no Lya LF evolution from $z=6.6$ to $7.3$.We identify a decrease of Lya LF from $z=6.6$ to $7.3$ at the $>90\%$ confidence level from our $z=7.3$ Lya LF.Moreover, the evolution of Lya LF is clearly accelerated at $z>6.6$ beyond the measurement uncertainties including cosmic variance. Because no such accelerated evolution of UV-continuum LF or cosmic star-formation rate (SFR) is found at $z\sim 7$, but suggested only at $z>8$ (Oesch et al. 2013, Bouwens et al. 2014), this accelerated Lya LF evolution is explained by physical mechanisms different from a pure SFR decrease but related to Lya production and escape in the process of cosmic reionization. Because a simple accelerating increase of IGM neutral hydrogen absorbing Lya would not reconcile with Thomson scattering optical depth measurements from WMAP and Planck, our findings may support new physical pictures suggested by recent theoretical studies, such as the existence of HI clumpy clouds within cosmic ionized bubbles selectively absorbing Lya and the large ionizing photon escape fraction of galaxies making weak Lya emission.
description: 15pages, 14 figures, 5 tables. Accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journal
Quantum tunneling from generalized $(2+1)$ dimensional black holes having Noether symmetry
Creators: name: Darabi, F.
name: Atazadeh, K.
name: Rezaei-Aghdam, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have studied the Hawking radiation from {\it generalized} rotating and static $(2+1)$-dimensional BTZ black holes. In this regard, we have benefited the quantum tunneling approach with WKB approximation and obtained the tunneling rate of outgoing scalar and spinor particles across the horizons. We have also obtained the Hawking temperature at the horizons corresponding to the emission of these particles. It is shown that the tunneling rate and Hawking temperature of generalized $(2+1)$-dimensional BTZ black holes are different from ordinary $(2+1)$-dimensional BTZ black holes due to the Noether symmetry. In other words, the Noether symmetry can change the tunneling rate and Hawking temperature of the BTZ black holes. This symmetry may cause the BTZ black holes to avoid of evaporation and its breakdown may start the evaporation.
description: 10 pages
Genome-wide binding analysis of the transcriptional regulator TrmBL1 in Pyrococcus furiosus
Creators: name: Hausner, Winfried
name: Reichelt, Robert Martin
name: Gindner, Antonia
name: Thomm, Michael
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: HYPERTHERMOPHILIC ARCHAEON PYROCOCCUS; CHIP-SEQ; THERMOCOCCUS-KODAKARENSIS; ABC TRANSPORTER; DNA-BINDING; IN-VIVO; METABOLISM; IDENTIFICATION; ARCHITECTURE; REPRESSOR; Archaea; Transcription factor; Transcription regulation; TrmB; TrmBL1; TGM; ChIP-seq
subject: 570 Biowissenschaften, Biologie

description: Background: Several in vitro studies document the function of the transcriptional regulator TrmBL1 of Pyrococcus furiosus. These data indicate that the protein can act as repressor or activator and is mainly involved in transcriptional control of sugar uptake and in the switch between glycolysis and gluconeogenesis. The aim of this study was to complement the in vitro data with an in vivo analysis using ChIP-seq to explore the genome-wide binding profile of TrmBL1 under glycolytic and gluconeogenic growth conditions. Results: The ChIP-seq analysis revealed under gluconeogenic growth conditions 28 TrmBL1 binding sites where the TGM is located upstream of coding regions and no binding sites under glycolytic conditions. The experimental confirmation of the binding sites using qPCR, EMSA, DNase I footprinting and in vitro transcription experiments validated the in vivo identified TrmBL1 binding sites. Furthermore, this study provides evidence that TrmBL1 is also involved in transcriptional regulation of additional cellular processes e. g. amino acid metabolism, transcriptional control or metabolic pathways. In the initial setup we were interested to include the binding analysis of TrmB, an additional member of the TrmB family, but western blot experiments and the ChIP-seq data indicated that the corresponding gene is deleted in our Pyrococcus strain. A detailed analysis of a new type strain demonstrated that a 16 kb fragment containing the trmb gene is almost completely deleted after the first re-cultivation. Conclusions: The identified binding sites in the P. furiosus genome classified TrmBL1 as a more global regulator as hitherto known. Furthermore, the high resolution of the mapped binding positions enabled reliable predictions, if TrmBL1 activates (binding site upstream of the promoter) or represses transcription (binding site downstream) of the corresponding genes.
Thermodynamics of mixtures with strongly negative deviations from Raoult's law. XV. Permittivities and refractive indices for 1-alkanol + n-hexylamine systems at (293.15-303.15) K. Application of the Kirkwood-Fröhlich model
Creators: name: Hevia, Fernando
name: González, Juan Antonio
name: Cobos, Ana
name: de la Fuente, Isaías García
name: Tristán, Cristina Alonso
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Relative permittivities at 1 MHz, $\varepsilon_{\text{r}}$, and refractive indices at the sodium D-line, $n_{\text{D}}$, are reported at 0.1 MPa and at (293.15-303.15) K for the binary systems 1-alkanol + n-hexylamine (HxA). Also, their corresponding excess functions are calculated and correlated. Positive values of the excess permittivities, $\varepsilon_{\text{r}}^{\text{E}}$, are encountered for the methanol system, whereas the remaining mixtures show negative values. This reveals that interactions between unlike molecules contribute positively to $\varepsilon_{\text{r}}^{\text{E}}$. This contribution is dominant for the methanol mixture, while those arising from the breaking of interactions between like molecules are prevalent for the remaining mixtures. At $ϕ_1$ (volume fraction) = 0.5, $\varepsilon_{\text{r}}^{\text{E}}$ changes in the order: methanol > 1-propanol > 1-butanol > 1-pentanol < 1-heptanol. Similar variation with the chain length of the 1-alkanol is observed for mixtures such as 1-alkanol + heptane, or + cyclohexylamine, and can be explained in terms of the lower and weaker self-association of longer 1-alkanols. The effect of the replacement of HxA by cyclohexylamine, or by aniline, is also shown. Calculations on molar refractions indicate that dispersive interactions in the systems under study increase with the length of the 1-alkanol. The mixtures are studied by means of the application of the Kirkwood-Fröhlich model, and the Kirkwood correlation factors, including the corresponding excess values, are reported.
Non-perturbative Massive de Sitter Solutions
Creators: name: Kakushadze, Zurab
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss non-perturbative dynamics of massive gravity in de Sitter space via gravitational Higgs mechanism. We argue that enhanced local symmetry and null (ghost) state at (below) the perturbative Higuchi bound are mere artifacts of not only linearization but also assuming the Fierz-Pauli mass term. We point out that, besides de Sitter, there are vacuum solutions where the space asymptotically is de Sitter both in the past and in the future, the space first contracts, this contraction slows down, and then reverses into expansion, so there is an epoch where the space appears to be (nearly) flat, even though the vacuum energy density is non-vanishing. We confirm this by constructing a closed-form exact solution to full non-perturbative equations of motion for a "special" massive de Sitter case. We give a formula for the "critical" mass above which such solutions apparently do not exist. For the Fierz-Pauli mass term this "critical" mass coincides with the perturbative Higuchi bound, and the former serves as the non-perturbative reinterpretation of the latter. We argue that, notwithstanding the perturbative ghost, non-perturbatively there is no "instability". Instead, there are additional vacuum solutions that may have interesting cosmological implications, which we briefly speculate on.
description: 18 pages, 2 figures; title expanded, minor clarifying remarks and concluding remarks section added; to appear in UJPA
Inside Out or Not: Privacy Implications of Emotional Disclosure
Creators: name: Naghizade, Elham
name: Ji, Kaixin
name: Tag, Benjamin
name: Salim, Flora
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Privacy is dynamic, sensitive, and contextual, much like our emotions. Previous studies have explored the interplay between privacy and context, privacy and emotion, and emotion and context. However, there remains a significant gap in understanding the interplay of these aspects simultaneously. In this paper, we present a preliminary study investigating the role of emotions in driving individuals' information sharing behaviour, particularly in relation to urban locations and social ties. We adopt a novel methodology that integrates context (location and time), emotion, and personal information sharing behaviour, providing a comprehensive analysis of how contextual emotions affect privacy. The emotions are assessed with both self-reporting and electrodermal activity (EDA). Our findings reveal that self-reported emotions influence personal information-sharing behaviour with distant social groups, while neutral emotions lead individuals to share less precise information with close social circles, a pattern is potentially detectable with wrist-worn EDA. Our study helps lay the foundation for personalised emotion-aware strategies to mitigate oversharing risks and enhance user privacy in the digital age.
description: see https://doi.org/10.1145/3675094.3677598
Single Particle Stochastic Heat Engine
Creators: name: Rana, Shubhashis
name: Pal, P. S.
name: Saha, Arnab
name: Jayannavar, A. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have performed an extensive analysis of a single particle stochastic heat engine constructed by manipulating a Brownian particle in a time dependent harmonic potential. The cycle consists of two isothermal steps at different temperatures and two adiabatic steps similar to that of a Carnot engine. The engine shows qualitative differences in inertial and overdamped regimes. All the thermodynamic quantities, including efficiency, exhibit strong fluctuations in a time periodic steady state. The fluctuations of stochastic efficiency dominate over the mean values even in the quasistatic regime. Interestingly, our system acts as an engine provided the temperature difference between the two reservoirs is greater than a finite critical value which in turn depends on the cycle time and other system parameters. This is supported by our analytical results carried out in the quasistatic regime. Our system works more reliably as an engine for large cycle times. By studying various model systems we observe that the operational characteristics are model dependent. Our results clearly rules out any universal relation between efficiency at maximum power and temperature of the baths. We have also verified fluctuation relations for heat engines in time periodic steady state.
description: 13 pages, 24 figures
Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on orthopaedic surgeons in terms of anxiety, sleep outcomes and change in management practices: A cross-sectional study from India
Creators: name: Gupta, Bhawna
Publisher: name: Torrens University Australia
Year: 2022
Subjects: Social determinants of health

description: Purpose: The aim of this study was to assess the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on anxiety, sleep outcomes and change in clinical management practices among orthopaedic surgeons following a nation-wide lockdown.
 Methods: We conducted an online cross-sectional study using piloted structured questionnaires with self-reported responses from Indian orthopaedic surgeons. Study participants were identified through social networking sites: Facebook and WhatsApp. The extent of anxiety and sleep quality was assessed by the standardised seven-item Generalised Anxiety Disorder (GAD-7) scale, single-item sleep quality scale, questions on unavailability of personal protective equipment, training module on COVID-19 and change in orthopaedic patient management.
 Results: One hundred male orthopaedic surgeons responded to the survey with majority (79%) in 30–44 years age group. Severe anxiety scores were observed in 8%; moderate, mild and minimal anxiety was observed in 12%, 27% and 53% surgeons respectively. Changes in management practice due to the pandemic was admitted by 65% respondents. We also observed an association between higher anxiety among surgeons and primary or secondary level of healthcare facility: (p = 0.04). Sleep disturbance was significantly associated with change in management practice to non-operative procedures (p = 0.03).
 Conclusion: Anxiety among orthopaedic surgeons during the COVID-19 pandemic is related to factors like younger age group, working in a primary or secondary healthcare facility. Early recognition of anxiety is essential to prevent serious psychological sequelae.
What is superresolution microscopy?
Creators: name: Bechhoefer, John
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: I explain what is, what is not, and what is only sort of superresolution microscopy. I discuss optical resolution, first in terms of diffraction theory, then in terms of linear systems theory, and finally in terms of techniques that use prior information, nonlinearity, and other tricks to improve performance. The discussion reveals two classes of superresolution: Pseudo superresolution techniques improve images up to the diffraction limit but not much beyond. True superresolution techniques allow substantial, useful improvements beyond the diffraction limit. The two classes are distinguished by their scaling of resolution with photon counts. Understanding the limits to imaging resolution involves concepts that pertain to almost any measurement problem, implying that the framework given here has broad application beyond optics.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures
Disposition zur Abschlussarbeit über "Vergleichende Übersicht der Klusen und verwandten Formen im Berner und Solothurner Jura", erstellt von Fritz Wyss (1881-1942), urspr. Briefbeilage, zuhanden von Louis Rollier (1859-1931)
Creators: name: Wyss, Fritz
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1910

description: Disposition, erstellt von Fritz Wyss
Magnetic fields and the Weyl tensor in the early universe
Creators: name: Bittencourt, Eduardo
name: Salim, José
name: Santos, Grasiele B. dos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have solved the Einstein-Maxwell equations for a class of isotropic metrics with constant spatial curvature in the presence of magnetic fields. We consider a slight modification of the Tolman averaging relations so that the energy-momentum tensor of the electromagnetic field possesses an anisotropic pressure component. This inhomogeneous magnetic universe is isotropic and its time evolution is guided by the usual Friedmann equations. In the case of flat universe, the space-time metric is free of singularities (except the well-known initial singularity at t = 0). It is shown that the anisotropic pressure of our model has a straightforward relation to the Weyl tensor. We also analyze the effect of this new ingredient on the motion of test particles and on the geodesic deviation of the cosmic fluid.
description: 10 pages, 2 figures, new conceptual treatment of the early phenomenological work arXiv:1301.3079. Matches published version
Kostenvoranschlag für den Druck einer Abhandlung von Louis Rollier (1859-1931)
Creators: name: Zürcher & Furrer, Buchdruckerei
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1914

description: Kostenvoranschlag, erstellt am 20.10.1914 von der Buchdruckerei Zürcher & Fürrer, Zürich, ursprünglich Beilage zum identisch datierten Schreiben.
Zusätzlich auf der Rückseite: Notizen von Louis Rollier