cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Magnetic and Contrast Properties of Labeled Platelets for Magnetomotive Optical Coherence Tomography
Creators: name: Spivak, Dmitry
name: Nichols, Timothy C.
name: Tsui, Frank
name: Gallippi, Caterina M.
name: Oldenburg, Amy L.
name: Chhetri, Raghav K.
name: Beicker, Kellie N.
name: Fischer, Thomas H.
name: Richardson, Aaron
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: This article introduces a new functional imaging paradigm that uses optical coherence tomography (OCT) to detect rehydrated, lyophilized platelets (RL platelets) that are in the preclinical trial stage and contain superparamagnetic iron oxides (SPIOs) approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration. Platelets are highly functional blood cells that detect and adhere to sites of vascular endothelial damage by forming primary hemostatic plugs. By applying magnetic gradient forces, induced nanoscale displacements (magnetomotion) of the SPIO-RL platelets are detected as optical phase shifts in OCT. In this article, we characterize the iron content and magnetic properties of SPIO-RL platelets, construct a model to predict their magnetomotion in a tissue medium, and demonstrate OCT imaging in tissue phantoms and ex vivo pig arteries. Tissue phantoms containing SPIO-RL platelets exhibited >3 dB contrast/noise ratio at ≥1.5 × 109 platelets/cm3. OCT imaging was performed on ex vivo porcine arteries after infusion of SPIO-RL platelets, and specific contrast was obtained on an artery that was surface-damaged (P < 10−6). This may enable new technologies for in vivo monitoring of the adherence of SPIO-RL platelets to sites of bleeding and vascular damage, which is broadly applicable for assessing trauma and cardiovascular diseases.
NNLO contributions to inclusive-jet production in DIS and determination of α_s
Creators: name: Biekötter, T.
name: Klasen, M.
name: Kramer, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the first calculation of inclusive jet production in deep-inelastic scattering with approximate next-to-next-to-leading order (aNNLO) contributions, obtained from a unified threshold resummation formalism. The leading coefficients are computed analytically. We show that the aNNLO contributions reduce the theoretical prediction for jet production in deep-inelastic scattering, improve the description of the final HERA data in particular at high photon virtuality Q^2 and increase the central fit value of the strong coupling constant.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1310.1724
Mechano-Chemical Feedbacks Regulate Actin Mesh Growth in Lamellipodial Protrusions
Creators: name: Papoian, Garegin A.
name: Hu, Longhua
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: During cell motion on a substratum, eukaryotic cells project sheetlike lamellipodia which contain a dynamically remodeling three-dimensional actin mesh. A number of regulatory proteins and subtle mechano-chemical couplings determine the lamellipodial protrusion dynamics. To study these processes, we constructed a microscopic physico-chemical computational model, which incorporates a number of fundamental reaction and diffusion processes, treated in a fully stochastic manner. Our work sheds light on the way lamellipodial protrusion dynamics is affected by the concentrations of actin and actin-binding proteins. In particular, we found that protrusion speed saturates at very high actin concentrations, where filament nucleation does not keep up with protrusion. This results in sparse filamentous networks, and, consequently, high resistance forces on individual filaments. We also observed maxima in lamellipodial growth rates as a function of Arp2/3, a nucleating protein, and capping proteins. We provide detailed physical explanations behind these effects. In particular, our work supports the actin-funneling-hypothesis explanation of protrusion speed enhancement at low capping protein concentrations. Our computational results are in agreement with a number of related experiments. Overall, our work emphasizes that elongation and nucleation processes work highly cooperatively in determining the optimal protrusion speed for the actin mesh in lamellipodia.
(101328) Alfred Joseph Purser
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
(101327) Emmeline Fanny Pitt
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Apprehending serious offenders on the run: understanding the work of a local police fugitive unit and the risk of shooting victimization for fugitives from justice
Creators: name: Turchan, Brandon
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2023

description: Nearly two million people are wanted for felony offense and remain at-large in communities throughout the United States. However, despite the very large size of this fugitive population and the varied problems posed by those who evade the justice system, relatively little empirical attention has focused on law enforcement pursuits of wanted persons and estimating the potential risk of violent victimization among those wanted for serious crimes. This dissertation used a mixed methods approach to improve the extant research in three important areas with notable scientific knowledge gaps. First, the case study methodology was used to document how the Boston Police Department’s Fugitive Apprehension Unit (FAU) operates to apprehend fugitives to develop new insights into how these activities are carried out in a local police department. Second, descriptive quantitative analyses were used to assess whether FAU specialized fugitive enforcement actions were indeed directed at the intended sub-population of serious and violent fugitives. Third, social network analyses were used to explore the risk of fatal and nonfatal shooting victimization in relation to serious and violent fugitives within co-offending networks. The FAU conducted 1,680 active apprehensions of wanted persons and cleared 2,914 total warrants from 2014-2021. Two-thirds of apprehensions were of persons wanted in connection with a violent crime and over 88% involved a felony warrant. Analyses showed that the FAU was able to successfully apprehend serious and violent fugitives with little use of forced entry and obtain high levels of target compliance while receiving only one official civilian complaint. Social network analyses revealed that shooting victimization is disproportionately concentrated within co-offending networks. A series of logistic regression analyses indicated that serious and violent fugitives were directly and indirectly associated with increased risk of shooting victimization. Results show that active efforts to apprehend serious and violent fugitives can be successful without police using harsh and aggressive methods. Additionally, the role of fugitives in driving violence should be considered in future problem analyses and crime prevention interventions. Using a fugitive-centric network approach can help identify those at the highest risk of shooting victimization and guide the efficient deployment of violence prevention resources.
Redes sociales para la gestión de información sobre Comunidades Indígenas
Creators: name: Stable-Rodriguez, Yudayly
name: Alvarez-Calderón, Ernest
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Redes sociales,
Facebook
Comunidades indígenas
Información

description: Las redes sociales son un tema con presencia creciente en la investigadora sobre gestión de información y conocimiento para la sociedad, no sólo como gestión, sino también en su uso como herramienta de comunicación, y de intercambio de información, lo cual permite un alcance participativo por parte de las instituciones que generan esta información para los ciudadanos.

Por ello, el objetivo de esta investigación fue identificar el empleo de las redes sociales para la gestión de la información y el conocimiento en el campo de las comunidades indígenas.

La investigación se orientó no sólo a identificar bibliografía, sino también a analizar la presencia de algunas comunidades indígenas en algunas redes sociales, a partir de un conjunto de indicadores que permitirán a los responsables de las áreas de comunicación de estas organizaciones, analizar el retorno de la inversión en recursos humanos y económicos, dedicados a la presencia en las redes a la hora de definir su presencia en ambiente digital, como modalidad de gestión.

Como resultado, se obtiene que si bien es aceptado el uso de las redes sociales por algunas instituciones dedicadas a las comunidades indígenas, no todas siguen un modelo único de presencia, algunos perfiles se encuentran desactualizados y la variable cantidad de seguidores puede ser uno de los indicadores, otros como como el compromiso, temas y seguidores son importantes, por ello se realiza una propuesta que contribuya a mejorar este espacio de intercambio y construcción colectiva de información y conocimiento.
RhoA Regulates Calcium-Independent Periodic Contractions of the Cell Cortex
Creators: name: Rajfur, Zenon
name: Kapustina, Maryna T.
name: Monteith, Andrew
name: Costigliola, Nancy
name: Elston, Timothy C.
name: Jacobson, Ken
name: Weinreb, Gabriel E.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: When microtubules are depolymerized in spreading cells, they experience morphological oscillations characterized by a period of about a minute, indicating that normal interactions between the microfilament and microtubule systems have been significantly altered. This experimental system provides a test bed for the development of both fine- and coarse-grained models of complex motile processes, but such models need to be adequately informed by experiment. Using criteria based on Fourier transform analysis, we detect spontaneous oscillations in spreading cells. However, their amplitude and tendency to operate at a single frequency are greatly enhanced by microtubule depolymerization. Knockdown of RhoA and addition of various inhibitors of the downstream effector of RhoA, Rho kinase, block oscillatory behavior. Inhibiting calcium fluxes from endoplasmic reticulum stores and from the extracellular medium does not significantly affect the ability of cells to oscillate, indicating that calcium plays a subordinate regulatory role compared to Rho. We characterized the dynamic structure of the oscillating cell by light, fluorescence, and electron microscopy, showing how oscillating cells are dynamically polarized in terms of their overall morphology, f-actin and phosphorylated myosin light chain distribution, and nuclear position and shape. Not only will these studies guide future experiments, they will also provide a framework for the development of refined mathematical models of the oscillatory process.
Stiffening of Individual Fibrin Fibers Equitably Distributes Strain and Strengthens Networks
Creators: name: Houser, John R.
name: Superfine, Richard
name: O'Brien III, E. Timothy
name: Falvo, Michael R.
name: Taylor II, Russell M.
name: Lord, Susan T.
name: Hudson, Nathan E.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: As the structural backbone of blood clots, fibrin networks carry out the mechanical task of stemming blood flow at sites of vascular injury. These networks exhibit a rich set of remarkable mechanical properties, but a detailed picture relating the microscopic mechanics of the individual fibers to the overall network properties has not been fully developed. In particular, how the high strain and failure characteristics of single fibers affect the overall strength of the network is not known. Using a combined fluorescence/atomic force microscope nanomanipulation system, we stretched 2-D fibrin networks to the point of failure, while recording the strain of individual fibers. Our results were compared to a pair of model networks: one composed of linearly responding elements and a second of nonlinear, strain-stiffening elements. We find that strain-stiffening of the individual fibers is necessary to explain the pattern of strain propagation throughout the network that we observe in our experiments. Fiber strain-stiffening acts to distribute strain more equitably within the network, reduce strain maxima, and increase network strength. Along with its physiological implications, a detailed understanding of this strengthening mechanism may lead to new design strategies for engineered polymeric materials.
A Physical Model Reveals the Mechanochemistry Responsible for Dynein's Processive Motion
Creators: name: Elston, Timothy C.
name: Tsygankov, Denis
name: Dokholyan, Nikolay V.
name: Serohijos, Adrian W.R.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: The molecular motor dynein is associated with various cellular activities, such as directed transport along microtubules and the rhythmic beating of the axoneme. Because of the size and complexity of the protein, a detailed understanding of the mechanochemistry that drives dynein's processive motion is lacking. To overcome this deficiency, we developed the first (to our knowledge) computational model for two-headed dynein that couples conformational changes of the motor's subunits to the biochemical steps involved in ATP hydrolysis. Analysis of the model provides what we believe are several novel insights into how the protein functions: 1), structural constraints limit the motion of the free microtubule binding domain to one dimension, increasing the efficiency with which this domain finds a binding site; 2), in addition to the power stroke of the bound head, recovery of the free head to a pre-power-stroke conformation is required for this head to reach a forward binding site; 3), the order in which the power stroke and recovery transitions occur affects the probability of back-stepping; and 4), the existence of multiple equilibria in the motor's bending energy provides a mechanism for processive back-stepping. To the best of our knowledge, our computational model provides the first complete mechanochemical description of the motor protein dynein, and the findings presented here should motivate new experimental investigations to test its predictions.
(101326) Henry Thuse Wetherman
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Theoretical Study of Molecular Electronic and Rotational Coherences by High-Harmonic Generation
Creators: name: Zhang, Song Bin
name: Baykusheva, Denitsa
name: Kraus, Peter M.
name: Wörner, Hans Jakob
name: Rohringer, Nina
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Atomic and Molecular Clusters (physics.atm-clus)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The detection of electron motion and electronic wavepacket dynamics is one of the core goals of attosecond science. Recently, choosing the nitric oxide (NO) molecule as an example, we have introduced and demonstrated a new experimental approach to measure coupled valence electronic and rotational wavepackets using high-harmonic generation (HHG) spectroscopy [Kraus et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 111, 243005 (2013)]. A short outline of the theory to describe the combination of the pump and HHG probe process was published together with an extensive discussion of experimental results [Baykusheva et al., Faraday Discuss 171, 113 (2014)]. The comparison of theory and experiment showed good agreement on a quantitative level. Here, we present the generalized theory in detail, which is based on a generalized density matrix approach that describes the pump process and the subsequent probing of the wavepackets by a semiclassical quantitative rescattering approach. An in-depth analysis of the different Raman scattering contributions to the creation of the coupled rotational and electronic spin-orbit wavepackets is made. We present results for parallel and perpendicular linear polarizations of the pump and probe laser pulses. Furthermore, an analysis of the combined rotational-electronic density matrix in terms of irreducible components is presented, that facilitates interpretation of the results.
description: 14 figures
title: Lemierre’s Syndrome; a complicated sore throat. Case study and discussion.
Creators: name: Karia, Rajiv
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Ear / Nose / Throat
subject: Thorax
subject: Musculoskeletal joint
subject: Ultrasound
subject: CT
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Education
subject: Blood
subject: Abscess
subject: Embolism / Thrombosis

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: Understand the clinical presentation associated with Lemierre’s Syndrome. Review the imaging findings - both local and systemic. Understand the implications of late...
(101325) Maria Leigh
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Relational Self-Supervised Learning on Graphs
Creators: name: Lee, Namkyeong
name: Hyun, Dongmin
name: Lee, Junseok
name: Park, Chanyoung
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Over the past few years, graph representation learning (GRL) has been a powerful strategy for analyzing graph-structured data. Recently, GRL methods have shown promising results by adopting self-supervised learning methods developed for learning representations of images. Despite their success, existing GRL methods tend to overlook an inherent distinction between images and graphs, i.e., images are assumed to be independently and identically distributed, whereas graphs exhibit relational information among data instances, i.e., nodes. To fully benefit from the relational information inherent in the graph-structured data, we propose a novel GRL method, called RGRL, that learns from the relational information generated from the graph itself. RGRL learns node representations such that the relationship among nodes is invariant to augmentations, i.e., augmentation-invariant relationship, which allows the node representations to vary as long as the relationship among the nodes is preserved. By considering the relationship among nodes in both global and local perspectives, RGRL overcomes limitations of previous contrastive and non-contrastive methods, and achieves the best of both worlds. Extensive experiments on fourteen benchmark datasets over various downstream tasks demonstrate the superiority of RGRL over state-of-the-art baselines. The source code for RGRL is available at https://github.com/Namkyeong/RGRL.
description: CIKM 2022
Some tree-level string amplitudes in the NSR formalism
Creators: name: Becker, Katrin
name: Becker, Melanie
name: Melnikov, Ilarion V.
name: Robbins, Daniel
name: Royston, Andrew B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate tree level scattering amplitudes for open strings using the NSR formalism. We present a streamlined symmetry-based and pedagogical approach to the computations, which we first develop by checking two-, three-, and four-point functions involving bosons and fermions. We calculate the five-point amplitude for massless gluons and find agreement with an earlier result by Brandt, Machado and Medina. We then compute the five-point amplitudes involving two and four fermions respectively, the general form of which has not been previously obtained in the NSR formalism. The results nicely confirm expectations from the supersymmetric $F^4$ effective action. Finally we use the prescription of Kawai, Lewellen and Tye (KLT) to compute the amplitudes for the closed string sector.
description: 40+8 pages; v2: references added; v3: additional field theory checks made; published version; v4: minor corrections; results unchanged
DC-SIGN and Influenza Hemagglutinin Dynamics in Plasma Membrane Microdomains Are Markedly Different
Creators: name: Jacobson, Ken
name: Gratton, Enrico
name: Neumann, Aaron K.
name: Zhang, Feng
name: Parak, Wolfgang J.
name: Liu, Ping
name: Itano, Michelle S.
name: Thompson, Nancy L.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: DC-SIGN, a Ca2+-dependent transmembrane lectin, is found assembled in microdomains on the plasma membranes of dendritic cells. These microdomains bind a large variety of pathogens and facilitate their uptake for subsequent antigen presentation. In this study, DC-SIGN dynamics in microdomains were explored with several fluorescence microscopy methods and compared with dynamics for influenza hemagglutinin (HA), which is also found in plasma membrane microdomains. Fluorescence imaging indicated that DC-SIGN microdomains may contain other C-type lectins and that the DC-SIGN cytoplasmic region is not required for microdomain formation. Fluorescence recovery after photobleaching measurements showed that neither full-length nor cytoplasmically truncated DC-SIGN in microdomains appreciably exchanged with like molecules in other microdomains and the membrane surround, whereas HA in microdomains exchanged almost completely. Line-scan fluorescence correlation spectroscopy indicated an essentially undetectable lateral mobility for DC-SIGN but an appreciable mobility for HA within their respective domains. Single-particle tracking with defined-valency quantum dots confirmed that HA has significant mobility within microdomains, whereas DC-SIGN does not. By contrast, fluorescence recovery after photobleaching indicated that inner leaflet lipids are able to move through DC-SIGN microdomains. The surprising stability of DC-SIGN microdomains may reflect structural features that enhance pathogen uptake either by providing high-avidity platforms and/or by protecting against rapid microdomain endocytosis.
The future of auditing: harnessing blockchain and emerging technology, and understanding the impact of exogenous shocks
Creators: name: Kim, Jumi
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2023

description: This dissertation addresses the persistent concerns of accounting fraud and auditing failures, which can undermine the reliability and transparency of financial reporting and negatively affect the functioning of capital markets. Based on the contention that continuous auditing and monitoring offer potential solutions, this dissertation proposes a novel framework for continuous auditing by integrating blockchain and emerging technologies. The first essay presents the Blockchain for Continuous Auditing (BC4CA) model, which combines Blockchain Technology (BCT), Business Process Management (BPM), and Process Mining (PM) to achieve Continuous Accounting (CA) and improve the reliability and accountability of audit evidence. The second essay proposes a model for re-engineering the property tax process by integrating blockchain, smart contracts, and eXplainable AI (XAI) to increase transparency, accuracy, and efficiency in the property valuation process. The third essay examines the effect of the exogenous shocks from COVID-19 and K-SOX on audit efforts in Korea, focusing on the moderating effect of the Big 4 audit firms. Through its analysis, the essay provides valuable insights into the influence of exogenous shocks on the auditing industry.
On the Optimal Control of the Free Boundary Problems for the Second Order Parabolic Equations. II.Convergence of the Method of Finite Differences
Creators: name: Abdulla, Ugur G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35R30, 35R35, 35K20, 35Q93, 65M06, 65M12, 65M32, 65N21

description: We develop a new variational formulation of the inverse Stefan problem, where information on the heat flux on the fixed boundary is missing and must be found along with the temperature and free boundary. We employ optimal control framework, where boundary heat flux and free boundary are components of the control vector, and optimality criteria consist of the minimization of the sum of $L_2$-norm declinations from the available measurement of the temperature flux on the fixed boundary and available information on the phase transition temperature on the free boundary. This approach allows one to tackle situations when the phase transition temperature is not known explicitly, and is available through measurement with possible error. It also allows for the development of iterative numerical methods of least computational cost due to the fact that for every given control vector, the parabolic PDE is solved in a fixed region instead of full free boundary problem. In {\it Inverse Problems and Imaging, 7, 2(2013), 307-340} we proved well-posedness in Sobolev spaces framework and convergence of time-discretized optimal control problems. In this paper we perform full discretization and prove convergence of the discrete optimal control problems to the original problem both with respect to cost functional and control.
description: 33 pages. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1203.4866
The potential of a polyglycolic acid sheet for preventing intrathoracic sleeve migration
Creators: name: Oshiro, Takashi
name: Wakamatsu, Kotaro
name: Nabekura, Taiki
name: Moriyama, Yuki
name: Kitahara, Natsumi
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Ecology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Postoperative gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) can be a consequence of laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG). Intrathoracic sleeve migration (ITSM) is a factor contributing to its development. This study aimed to investigate whether the occurrence of ITSM can be prevented by applying a polyglycolic acid (PGA) sheet around the His angle. In this retrospective analysis, 46 consecutive patients who underwent LSG were divided into two groups: Group A – our standard LSG in the first half (n = 23) and Group B – our standard LSG with PGA sheet covering the angle of His in the second half (n = 23). We compared the two groups for one-year postoperative GERD and the incidence of ITSM. No significant differences were found between the two groups in terms of patient background, operation time, and one-year postoperative total body weight loss, and no adverse effects related to the PGA sheet were observed. Group B had a significantly lower incidence of ITSM than Group A, and the rate of acid-reducing medicine usage was less pronounced in Group B during follow-up (p < .05). This study suggests that applying a PGA sheet can be safe and effective in reducing postoperative ITSM and preventing exacerbations of postoperative GERD.
DNA Multiphoton Absorption Generates Localized Damage for Studying Repair Dynamics in Live Cells
Creators: name: Fecko, Christopher J.
name: Daddysman, Matthew K.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: Investigations into the spatiotemporal dynamics of DNA repair using live-cell imaging are aided by the ability to generate well defined regions of ultravioletlike photolesions in an optical microscope. We demonstrate that multiphoton excitation of DNA in live cells with visible femtosecond pulses produces thymine cyclopyrimidine dimers (CPDs), the primary ultraviolet DNA photoproduct. The CPDs are produced with a cubic to supercubic power dependence using pulses in the wavelength range from at least 400 to 525 nm. We show that the CPDs are confined in all three spatial dimensions, making multiphoton excitation of DNA with visible light an ideal technique for generating localized DNA photolesions in a wide variety of samples, from cultured cells to thicker tissues. We demonstrate the utility of this method by applying it to investigate the spatiotemporal recruitment of GFP-tagged topoisomerase I (TopI) to sites of localized DNA damage in polytene chromosomes within live cells of optically thick Drosophila salivary glands.
Conceptual Model for Data Management Domain
Creators: name: Martínková, Jana
name: Suchánek, Marek
name: Pergl, Robert
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Conceptual models are frameworks that provide a high-level representation of the essential components of a system or domain. This model captures essential parts of the domain of Data Management Plans, in order to clearly define all relevant concepts and their relationships, ensuring consistency and interoperability, particularly by connecting with the FAIR principles OntoUML model [https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-34560-9_16]. 

The proposed Conceptual model was validated using a real-world example by analyzing an existing DMP[1], identifying relevant concepts from our proposed model in its text to test for any missing concepts, and constructing an instantiation model based on those concepts.

 

[1] Basili, R. (2023). Data Management Plan: European Databases of Seismogenic Faults: EDSF Installation. Available at https://dmponline.dcc.ac.uk/public_plans
(101324) Frank William Leigh
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Hemagglutinin Fusion Peptide Mutants in Model Membranes: Structural Properties, Membrane Physical Properties, and PEG-Mediated Fusion
Creators: name: Haque, Md Emdadul
name: Komatsu, Hiroaki
name: Lentz, Barry R.
name: Axelsen, Paul H.
name: Koklic, Tilen
name: Chakraborty, Hirak
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: While the importance of viral fusion peptides (e.g., hemagglutinin (HA) and gp41) in virus-cell membrane fusion is established, it is unclear how these peptides enhance membrane fusion, especially at low peptide/lipid ratios for which the peptides are not lytic. We assayed wild-type HA fusion peptide and two mutants, G1E and G13L, for their effects on the bilayer structure of 1,2-dioleoyl-3-sn-phosphatidylcholine/1,2-dioleoyl-3-sn-phosphatidylethanolamine/Sphingomyelin/Cholesterol (35:30:15:20) membranes, their structures in the lipid bilayer, and their effects on membrane fusion. All peptides bound to highly curved vesicles, but fusion was triggered only in the presence of poly(ethylene glycol). At low (1:200) peptide/lipid ratios, wild-type peptide enhanced remarkably the extent of content mixing and leakage along with the rate constants for these processes, and significantly enhanced the bilayer interior packing and filled the membrane free volume. The mutants caused no change in contents mixing or interior packing. Circular dichroism, polarized-attenuated total-internal-reflection Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy measurements, and membrane perturbation measurements all conform to the inverted-V model for the structure of wild-type HA peptide. Similar measurements suggest that the G13L mutant adopts a less helical conformation in which the N-terminus moves closer to the bilayer interface, thus disrupting the V-structure. The G1E peptide barely perturbs the bilayer and may locate slightly above the interface. Fusion measurements suggest that the wild-type peptide promotes conversion of the stalk to an expanded trans-membrane contact intermediate through its ability to occupy hydrophobic space in a trans-membrane contact structure. While wild-type peptide increases the rate of initial intermediate and final pore formation, our results do not speak to the mechanisms for these effects, but they do leave open the possibility that it stabilizes the transition states for these events.
title: Low Power Reconfigurable Antenna with Continuous Beam Steering Capability
Creators: name: King, Glendyn Darryn
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2021

description: Each year, the number of wireless devices increases, and the size of the devices’ data is increases, 8k video streaming, for example. More and more bandwidth is needed for wireless networks to meet these growing demands. Higher frequencies allow for more bandwidth; however, using higher frequencies comes with some trade-offs. The higher the wireless signal frequency, the shorter the distance it can travel before the signal strength becomes too weak for the receiver to pick it up. One solution might be to increase the power of the signal provider, but that would waste a lot of energy. Most antennas radiate in all directions, so a lot of that extra power would be going up to space, or just away from the device it’s trying to connect with, or it could be picked up as noise by a device on a different network. Instead, in many areas of research, including the research presented here, the issue is addressed by creating a better antenna. This research presents an antenna that focuses its radiated energy into a beam towards the target device. Focusing the power towards a device increases the signal’s power going towards that device without much power going in undesired directions. If the target device moves, then the beam needs to be steered, so it keeps pointing at the device. The ability for an antenna to change something like the direction of its beam makes the antenna a reconfigurable antenna. Some reconfigurable antennas only have a few beam directions to choose from, so they would have to pick the closest one to the target device. The beam can be steered smoothly through any horizontal direction between two limits for this research. This research uses less power and fewer components to do so compared with some previous works.
Conceptual Model for Data Management Domain
Creators: name: Martínková, Jana
name: Suchánek, Marek
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Conceptual models are frameworks that provide a high-level representation of the essential components of a system or domain. This model captures essential parts of the domain of Data Management Plans, in order to clearly define all relevant concepts and their relationships, ensuring consistency and interoperability, particularly by connecting with the FAIR principles OntoUML model [https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-34560-9_16].

The Conceptual Model was validated using the DMP European Databases of Seismogenic Faults [1]. We created annotations for this DMP and developed an instantiation model based on these annotations. The syntax was verified using the OpenPonk tool (https://openponk.org/).

[1] Basili, R. (2023). Data Management Plan: European Databases of Seismogenic Faults: EDSF Installation. Available at https://dmponline.dcc.ac.uk/public_plans
(101323) Maria Highman
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
title: NRCC experiments for ASTM E57 medium-range measurement error standards development
Creators: name: MacKinnon, David Kenneth
Publisher: name: National Research Council Canada
Year: 2014

description: Adoption of 3D imaging systems is on the rise with the global market expected to exceed $450 million by 2016. An increasing number of users are expected to invest in high-accuracy/high-speed non-contact systems as their claimed performance approaches the claimed performance of tactile probing systems, particularly as the cost of non-contact systems has decreased significantly. To address the lack of published standards for 3D imaging systems, the National Research Council of Canada (NRCC) has been working closely with NIST on the ASTM E57 committee to develop two standards to evaluate the performance of medium-range (2 to 150 m) LiDAR systems. We present an overview of work completed to date by the WK12373 (Relative Range Error) and WK431218 (Volumetric Error) working groups and, in particular, present the results of experiments conducted at the NRCC in support of this work.
Nanoparticle Diffusion Measures Bulk Clot Permeability
Creators: name: Spero, Richard Chasen
name: Wolberg, Alisa S.
name: Schubert, Ryan
name: Superfine, Richard
name: Sircar, Rachel K.
name: Taylor II, Russell M.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: A clot's function is to achieve hemostasis by resisting fluid flow. Permeability is the measurement of a clot's hemostatic potential. It is sensitive to a wide range of biochemical parameters and pathologies. In this work, we consider the hydrodynamic phenomenon that reduces the mobility of fluid near the fiber surfaces. This no-slip boundary condition both defines the gel's permeability and suppresses nanoparticle diffusion in gel interstices. Here we report that, unlike previous work where steric effects also hindered diffusion, our system—nanoparticles in fibrin gel—was subject exclusively to hydrodynamic diffusion suppression. This result enabled an automated, high-throughput permeability assay that used small clot volumes. Permeability was derived from nanoparticle diffusion using the effective medium theory, and showed one-to-one correlation with measured permeability. This technique measured permeability without quantifying gel structure, and may therefore prove useful for characterizing similar materials (e.g., extracellular matrix) where structure is uncontrolled during polymerization and difficult to measure subsequently. We also report that PEGylation reduced, but did not eliminate, the population of immobile particles. We studied the forces required to pull stuck PEG particles free to confirm that the attachment is a result of neither covalent nor strong electrostatic binding, and discuss the relevance of this force scale to particle transport through physiological clots.
HII region G46.5-0.2: the interplay between ionizing radiation, molecular gas and star formation
Creators: name: Paron, S.
name: Ortega, M. E.
name: Dubner, G.
name: Yuan, Jing-Hua
name: Petriella, A.
name: Giacani, E.
name: Li, Jin Zeng
name: Wu, Yuefang
name: Liu, Hongli
name: Huang, Ya Fang
name: Zhang, Si-Ju
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: HII regions are particularly interesting because they can generate dense layers of gas and dust, elongated columns or pillars of gas pointing towards the ionizing sources, and cometary globules of dense gas, where triggered star formation can occur. Understanding the interplay between the ionizing radiation and the dense surrounding gas is very important to explain the origin of these peculiar structures, and hence to characterize triggered star formation. G46.5-0.2 (G46), a poorly studied galactic HII region located at about 4 kpc, is an excellent target to perform this kind of studies. Using public molecular data extracted from the Galactic Ring Survey (13CO J=1-0) and from the James Clerk Maxwell Telescope data archive (12CO, 13CO, C18O J=3-2, HCO+ and HCN J=4-3), and infrared data from the GLIMPSE and MIPSGAL surveys, we perform a complete study of G46, its molecular environment and the young stellar objects placed around it. We found that G46, probably excited by an O7V star, is located close to the edge of the GRSMC G046.34-00.21 molecular cloud. It presents a horse-shoe morphology opening in direction of the cloud. We observed a filamentary structure in the molecular gas likely related to G46 and not considerable molecular emission towards its open border. We found that about 10' towards the southwest of G46 there are some pillar-like features, shining at 8 um and pointing towards the HII region open border. We propose that the pillar-like features were carved and sculpted by the ionizing flux from G46. We found several young stellar objects likely embedded in the molecular cloud grouped in two main concentrations: one, closer to the G46 open border consisting of Class II type sources, and other one mostly composed by Class I type YSOs located just ahead the pillars-like features, strongly suggesting an age gradient in the YSOs distribution.
description: Accepted for publication in The Astronomical Journal (April 14, 2015). Some figures were degraded to reduce file size
Before Chinese and Vietnamese in the Red River Plain: The Han–Tang Period (As Michael Churchman)
Creators: name: Churchman, Catherine
Publisher: name: Open Access Te Herenga Waka-Victoria University of Wellington
Year: 2023
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: The identification of people as Chinese and Vietnamese in Vietnam, that has caused much suffering in the last half-century, has been projected back into distant pasts where it does not belong. Almost all historians of the Han–Tang period in the Red River Delta use modern ideas of “Chinese” and “Vietnamese” ethnicity to discuss this era, contrasting “Chinese” invaders with indigenous “Vietnamese”. Using textual analysis and historical linguistics, this essay argues that no Han–Tang period texts recognise these ethnic divisions, meaning these terms cannot accurately reflect social divisions of the period. Furthermore, none of the national ethnonyms Vietnamese historians claim as their own (like Việt and Lạc) referred exclusively to Red River Delta people. Where Chinese are concerned, the article explores how the equally problematic term “Chinese” became applicable to northern migrants, and when it became a useful analytical category of ethnicity in early Vietnamese experience.
Evidence for Co-rotation Origin of Super Metal Rich Stars in LAMOST-Gaia: Multiple Ridges with a Similar Slope in phi versus Lz Plane
Creators: name: Chen, Yuqin
name: Zhao, Gang
name: Zhang, Haopeng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Super metal-rich (SMR) stars in the solar neighborhood are thought to be born in the inner disk and came to present location by radial migration, which is most intense at the co-rotation resonance (CR) of the Galactic bar. In this work, we show evidence for the CR origin of SMR stars in LAMOST-Gaia by detecting six ridges and undulations in the phi versus Lz space coded by median VR, following a similar slope of -8 km/s kpc/deg. The slope is predicted by Monario et al.'s model for CR of a large and slow Galactic bar. For the first time, we show the variation of angular momentum with azimuths from -10 deg to 20 deg for two outer and broad undulations with negative VR around -18 km/s following this slope. The wave-like pattern with large amplitude outside CR and a wide peak of the second undulations indicate that minor merger of the Sagittarius dwarf galaxy with the disk might play a role besides the significant impact of CR of the Galactic bar.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures, published in ApJ Letter
Dip or nothingness of a Higgs resonance from the interference with a complex phase
Creators: name: Jung, Sunghoon
name: Song, Jeonghyeon
name: Yoon, Yeo Woong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that new resonance shapes -- a pure dip, nothingness and an enhanced pure peak -- can be produced from the interference between resonance and continuum with a relative phase. Production conditions of those new shapes are derived based on a general parameterization of the interference. The narrow width approximation is modified to work with the non-zero imaginary part of interference, and the correction factor can characterize the resonance shape. We demonstrate that the new resonance shapes of heavy Higgs bosons, $H^0$ and $A^0$ in the Type II aligned two Higgs doublet model, generally show up in $gg \to H^0/A^0 \to t\bar{t}$ as well as $b\bar{b}$ and $γγ$ channels. The pure $A^0$ resonance dip in the $t\bar{t}$ channel is a particularly interesting signal as it can be probed well by the current search techniques that do not even take into account interferences; the high-luminosity LHC 14 TeV can perhaps probe a large part of its parameter space.
description: 10 pages, 7 figures