cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Asymptotic behavior in a model with Yukawa interaction from Schwinger-Dyson equations
Creators: name: Rochev, V. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A system of Schwinger-Dyson equations for pseudoscalar four-dimensional Yukawa model in the two-particle approximation is investigated. The simplest iterative solution of the system corresponds to the mean-field approximation (or, equivalently, to the leading order of 1/N-expansion) and includes a non-physical Landau pole in deep-Euclidean region for the pseudoscalar propagator $Δ$. It is argued, however, that a full solution may be free from non-physical singularities and has the self-consistent asymptotic behavior $p^2_eΔ\simeq C\,\log^{-4/5}\frac{p^2_e}{M^2}$. An approximate solution confirms the positivity of $C$ and the absence of Landau pole.
description: 15 pages; journal version
Unified decoupling scheme for exchange and anisotropy contributions and temperature-dependent spectral properties of anisotropic spin systems
Creators: name: Bastardis, R.
name: Atxitia, U.
name: Chubykalo-Fesenko, O.
name: Kachkachi, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compute the temperature-dependent spin-wave spectrum and the magnetization for a spin system using the unified decoupling procedure for the high-order Green's functions for the exchange coupling and anisotropy, both in the classical and quantum case. Our approach allows us to establish a clear crossover between quantum-mechanical and classical methods by developing the classical analog of the quantum Green's function technique. The results are compared with the classical spectral density method and numerical modeling based on the stochastic Landau-Lifshitz equation and the Monte Carlo technique. As far as the critical temperature is concerned, there is a full agreement between the classical Green's functions technique and the classical spectral density method. However, the former method turns out to be more straightforward and more convenient than the latter because it avoids any \emph{a priori} assumptions about the system's spectral density. The temperature-dependent exchange stiffness as a function of magnetization is investigated within different approaches.
The Yankees and Mets Are Facing Challenges Off the Field Too
Creators: name: Mitchell, Lincoln A.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2013
Subjects: Recreation

description: Despite the good first weak enjoyed by the Mets, and the recent hot streak by the Yankees, this season may be a rough one for big league baseball in New York. It is possible that, for the first time since 1992, both the Yankees and Mets will finish below .500. Additionally, the Yankees are an old team without any top-level prospects ready to step into major roles in either 2013 or 2014. The Mets are younger, but like many recent Mets teams, seem to be without a plan or vision for improving for the next several years. This tough situation is compounded by the resurgence of California baseball and of Southern California as a big market. To put this in perspective, if they played in California the Yankees would probably be the third best AL team in the state, while the Mets might make it that high among NL teams, but could also fall behind the Padres and be the fourth best team in that state.
title: Bridging Gaps, Empowering Communities: Meet the DataCite 2024 Ambassadors!
Creators: name: Mostafa, Mohamad
Publisher: name: DataCite
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04wxnsj81
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2024

description: The DataCite Ambassador Program was officially launched in late 2023 to expand our engagement with communities in Africa, Asia, Latin America, and the Middle East. This initiative creates a network of dedicated volunteers that raise awareness, increase adoption, foster collaboration, and promote best practices among local communities in countries and regions where awareness of persistent identifier (PID) infrastructure is still low. Our ambassadors serve as a crucial link between DataCite and local research communities. The Ambassador Program is part of DataCite’s Global Access Program (GAP) that has been made possible in part by Grant 2022-316573 from the Chan Zuckerberg Initiative. Today we are thrilled to introduce our first group of ambassadors!
A flexible Bloch mode method for computing complex band structures and impedances of two-dimensional photonic crystals
Creators: name: Lawrence, Felix J.
name: Botten, Lindsay C.
name: Dossou, Kokou B.
name: McPhedran, R. C.
name: de Sterke, C. Martijn
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a flexible method that can calculate Bloch modes, complex band structures, and impedances of two-dimensional photonic crystals from scattering data produced by widely available numerical tools. The method generalizes previous work which relied on specialized multipole and FEM techniques underpinning transfer matrix methods. We describe the numerical technique for mode extraction, and apply it to calculate a complex band structure and to design two photonic crystal antireflection coatings. We do this for frequencies at which other methods fail, but which nevertheless are of significant practical interest.
description: 9 pages, 4 figures. Source code available at https://launchpad.net/blochcode . The following article appeared in J. Appl. Phys. and may be found at http://link.aip.org/link/doi/10.1063/1.3674281 . Copyright 2011 American Institute of Physics. This article may be downloaded for personal use only. Any other use requires prior permission of the author and the American Institute of Physics
On the Economy, Think Long-Term
Creators: name: Sachs, Jeffrey D.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2013
Subjects: Economics
Labor economics
Public policy (Law)

description: The 2009 economic stimulus package has come and gone. So, too, have the temporary payroll tax cuts of 2011-12. Most of the Bush-era tax cuts, in addition, have been made permanent. Yet the lasting effects of these policies have been meager.
Beyond the Elections in Georgia
Creators: name: Mitchell, Lincoln A.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2010

description: Sunday's local elections in Georgia were predictable, both with regards to the outcome and the statements by international election observers.  President Mikheil Saakashvilli's United National Movement (UNM) won solid victories in every local council in Georgia while Gigi Ugulava, the UNM candidate handily defeated Irakli Alasania, the leading opposition figure, in the race for mayor of Tbilisi.  Meanwhile the  OSCE/ODIHR election report declared that the  "The 30 May municipal elections marked evident progress towards meeting OSCE and Council of Europe commitments. However, significant remaining shortcomings include deficiencies in the legal framework, its implementation, an uneven playing field, and isolated cases of election-day fraud."  This is the election observation equivalent of a gentlemen's B.
Hear Me Out: A Study on the Use of the Voice Modality for Crowdsourced Relevance Assessments
Creators: name: Roy, Nirmal
name: Balayn, Agathe
name: Maxwell, David
name: Hauff, Claudia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The creation of relevance assessments by human assessors (often nowadays crowdworkers) is a vital step when building IR test collections. Prior works have investigated assessor quality & behaviour, though into the impact of a document's presentation modality on assessor efficiency and effectiveness. Given the rise of voice-based interfaces, we investigate whether it is feasible for assessors to judge the relevance of text documents via a voice-based interface. We ran a user study (n = 49) on a crowdsourcing platform where participants judged the relevance of short and long documents sampled from the TREC Deep Learning corpus-presented to them either in the text or voice modality. We found that: (i) participants are equally accurate in their judgements across both the text and voice modality; (ii) with increased document length it takes participants significantly longer (for documents of length > 120 words it takes almost twice as much time) to make relevance judgements in the voice condition; and (iii) the ability of assessors to ignore stimuli that are not relevant (i.e., inhibition) impacts the assessment quality in the voice modality-assessors with higher inhibition are significantly more accurate than those with lower inhibition. Our results indicate that we can reliably leverage the voice modality as a means to effectively collect relevance labels from crowdworkers.
description: Accepted at SIGIR 2023
title: Multifocal skeletal involvement in Erdheim-Chester disease. An approach to diagnosis with illustrative cases.
Creators: name: Onofre Chen, Ana Beatriz
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Not applicable
subject: Retrospective
subject: Developmental disease
subject: Sclerosis
subject: Nuclear medicine conventional
subject: Conventional radiography
subject: Musculoskeletal bone
subject: Extremities
subject: Bones
subject: Musculoskeletal
subject: Performed at one institution

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: To review the pathophysiology of Erdheim-Chester disease. To discuss radiological findings and patterns for skeletal involvement. To present illustrative cases where the combination of clinical and characteristic imaging findings lead to the...
Zero-Turbulence Manifold in a Toroidal Plasma
Creators: name: Highcock, E. G.
name: Schekochihin, A. A.
name: Cowley, S. C.
name: Barnes, M.
name: Parra, F. I.
name: Roach, C. M.
name: Dorland, W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Sheared toroidal flows can cause bifurcations to zero-turbulent-transport states in tokamak plasmas. The maximum temperature gradients that can be reached are limited by subcritical turbulence driven by the parallel velocity gradient. Here it is shown that q/ε(magnetic field pitch/inverse aspect ratio) is a critical control parameter for sheared tokamak turbulence. By reducing q/ε, far higher temperature gradients can be achieved without triggering turbulence, in some instances comparable to those found experimentally in transport barriers. The zero-turbulence manifold is mapped out, in the zero-magnetic-shear limit, over the parameter space (γ_E, q/ε, R/L_T), where γ_E is the perpendicular flow shear and R/L_T is the normalised inverse temperature gradient scale. The extent to which it can be constructed from linear theory is discussed.
description: 5 Pages, 4 Figures, Submitted to PRL
Trends in Gender Segregation in the Choice of Science and Engineering Majors
Creators: name: Mann, Allison Leigh
name: DiPrete, Thomas A.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2011
Subjects: Gender identity
Sex role
Education, Higher

description: Numerous theories have been put forward for the high and continuing levels of gender segregation, but research has not systematically examined the extent to which these theories for the gender gap are consistent with actual trends. Using both administrative data and three education panel datasets, we evaluate several prominent explanations for the persisting gender gap in STEM fields, and find that none of them are empirically satisfactory. Instead, the persisting gender gap in STEM fields is plausibly attributable to a females' greater preference relative to males for elite occupational careers that are less "vocationally oriented" in the undergraduate years and that permit greater flexibility in undergraduate. This hypothesis is supported by an analysis of gendered pathways to medical and law school.
The Deficit, Foreign Policy and Defunding USAID
Creators: name: Mitchell, Lincoln A.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2011
Subjects: International relations
Public administration

description: Last week a group of 165 Republicans in the House of Representatives called for ending support for the United States Agency for International Development (USAID). This would be an extraordinary move with extraordinary consequences as ending funding for USAID would severely hamper the ability of the U.S. to pursue much its foreign policy. Without USAID, U.S. foreign policy would largely be limited to defense, direct government assistance to foreign countries and diplomacy. Eliminating USAID would leave the U.S. with even fewer options in international politics, strip the country of much of its soft power and terminate programs which deliver effective foreign assistance in everything from health care to support for civil society organizations. Additionally, the savings would not be very substantial as the entire USAID budget for 2010 was around $1.5 billion.
Play Ball-Baseball Season Is Here Again!
Creators: name: Mitchell, Lincoln A.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2013
Subjects: Recreation

description: The beginning of the baseball season is only a few days away. This is good news to all baseball fans who have made it through another off-season, and another winter. This season, like all others, is full of possibility excitement and questions. Will this be the year the Yankees finally fall apart? How can Mike Trout top his extraordinary rookie season? Are the Nationals going to be as good as they look? Somewhere in the ephemera is Miguel Cabrera still waiting for that slider? All, or most, of these questions, and many others will be answered over the next seven months or so.
Thermally Responsive Fluid Behaviors in Hydrophobic Nanopores
Creators: name: Liu, Ling
name: Zhao, Jianbing
name: Culligan, Patricia J.
name: Qiao, Yu
name: Chen, Xi
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2009
Subjects: Nanoscience

description: A fundamental understanding of the thermal effects on nanofluid behaviors is critical for developing and designing innovative thermally responsive nanodevices. Using molecular dynamics (MD) simulation and experiment, we investigate the temperature-dependent intrusion/adsorption of water molecules into hydrophobic nanopores (carbon nanotubes and nanoporous carbon) and the underlying mechanisms. The critical infiltration pressure is reduced for elevated temperature or increased pore size. The variation of wettability is related to the thermally responsive fluid characteristics, such as the surface tension and contact angle, which arise from the variations of multiple atomic variables including the confined water density, hydrogen bond, and dipole orientation. With thermal perturbation, most of these physical quantities are found to be more significantly influenced in the confined nanoenvironment than in the bulk. By utilizing the prominent thermal effect at the nanoscale, the feasibility and prospective efficiency of employing nanofluidics for energy storage, actuation, and thermal monitoring are discussed.
Whats special about Y6; the working mechanism of neat Y6 organic solar cell
Creators: name: Saglamkaya, Elifnaz
name: Musiienko, Artem
name: Shadabroo, Mohammad Saeed
name: Sun, Bowen
name: Chandrabose, Sreelakshmi
name: M, Giulia Lo Gerfo
name: van Hulst, Niek F
name: Neher, Dieter
name: Shoaee, Safa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Non-fullerene acceptors (NFA) have delivered advance in bulk heterojunction organic solar cell efficiencies, with the significant milestone of 20% now in sight. However, these materials challenge the accepted wisdom of how organic solar cells work. In this work we present neat Y6 device with efficiency above 4.5%. We thoroughly investigate mechanisms of charge generation and recombination as well as transport in order to understand what is special about Y6. Our data suggest Y6 generates bulk free charges, with ambipolar mobility, which can be extracted in the presence of transport layers
description: 11 pages, 5 figures
Theory Uncertainties for Higgs and Other Searches Using Jet Bins
Creators: name: Stewart, Iain W.
name: Tackmann, Frank J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Bounds on the Higgs mass from the Tevatron and LHC are determined using exclusive jet bins to maximize sensitivity. Scale variation in exclusive fixed-order predictions underestimates the perturbative uncertainty for these cross sections, due to cancellations between the perturbative corrections leading to large K factors and those that induce logarithmic sensitivity to the jet-bin boundary. To account for this, we propose that scale variation in the fixed-order calculations should be used to determine theory uncertainties for inclusive jet cross sections, whose differences yield exclusive jet cross sections. This yields a theory correlation matrix for the jet bins such that the additional uncertainty from large logarithms due to the jet boundary cancels when neighboring bins are added. This procedure is tested for H + 0, 1 jets, WW + 0 jets, and W + 0, 1, 2 jets, and found to be generally applicable. For a case where the higher-order resummation of the jet boundary corrections is known, we show that this procedure yields fixed-order uncertainties which are theoretically consistent with those obtained in the resummed calculation.
description: 13 pages, 4 figures; v2: journal version
title: “Music to my Ears”. The Utilization of Music in the Radiology Setting
Creators: name: Kirsner, Andrew
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Professional Issues
subject: Professional issues
subject: PACS
subject: Education
subject: Education and training
subject: Not applicable

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: Review of current literature outlining the usage of music in the workplace. Benefits and pitfalls associated with the utilization of music in radiology. Overview of technical considerations within the diagnostic radiology reading room. Overview of...
title: Gastric emphysema (GE) - keep calm or panic? What is the role of radiologist in detection and monitoring treatment?
Creators: name: Szubert-Franczak, Aleksandra
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Not applicable
subject: Not applicable
subject: Image verification
subject: Education
subject: CT
subject: Conventional radiography
subject: Stomach (incl. Oesophagus)
subject: Oncology
subject: Gastrointestinal tract
subject: GI Tract

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: To review clinical and pathological features of GE To present the role of radiologist in detection and monitoring...
title: Postcard: Building Your Digital Presence
title: Begin Your Open Science Journey
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Vrouwenvelder, Kristina
name: Raia, Natalie
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: open science
education
digital presence
orcid

description: Begin Your Open Science Journey
Building Your Digital Presence
Build your digital CV:

Register for an ORCID. It provides a persistent digital identifier that distinguishes you from other researchers and supports automated linkages between you and your research activities.

TIP: Include your ORCID on all scholarly work: publications, datasets, software, presentations, posters, and the signature block of your emails.
Enable automatic updates from Crossref and DataCite in your ORCID profile. Find a tutorial here!
Set a calendar reminder every three months to check that all your work is connected and current in your ORCID profile.
Ensure your research products are linked to your profile:
If you enabled automatic updates, your ORCID profile will automatically keep your publication, software, and data record up-to-date IF you:
Include your ORCID as well as your co-authors' ORCIDs on your publications.
Upload your data and software to discipline-appropriate repositories and include your ORCID, even if it is not required (just list each ORCID as close to the contributor name as possible). Find an overview of repository considerations and recommendations here.

TIP: Ensure the digital identifiers (ex. DOI) for related work are included in your data/software record (or add them later). This includes the DOI of your paper citing the data or of the software used to analyze the data!

Cite your data and software in the references section of your publications to link your work, support reproducibility and transparency, AND get credit for your data and software. Learn how here.
See the full checklist for more tips here!
 
This project builds off the work of the PARSEC team's excellent checklists linked above.
title: Contrast-enhanced spectral mammography (CESM): Experience with the recommended diagnostic protocol at the Hospital del Mar.
Creators: name: Ejarque, Belén
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mammography
subject: Breast
subject: Contrast agents
subject: Radiographers
subject: Mammography
subject: Technical aspects
subject: Technology assessment
subject: Cancer
subject: Retrospective
subject: Observational
subject: Performed at one institution

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: Describe the technical principles and general procedure of contrast mammography. Present our experience with a protocol for obtaining mammography images with contrast designed in our...
Novel weak-ferromagnetic metallic state in heavily doped Ba$_{1-x}$K$_{x}$Mn$_{2}$As$_{2}$
Creators: name: Bao, Jin-Ke
name: Jiang, Hao
name: Sun, Yun-Lei
name: Jiao, Wen-He
name: Shen, Chen-Yi
name: Xu, Zhu-An
name: Cao, Guang-Han
name: Sasaki, Ryo
name: Tanaka, Toshiki
name: Matsubayashi, Kazuyuki
name: Uwatoko, Yoshiya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Heavily doped Ba$_{1-x}$K$_{x}$Mn$_{2}$As$_{2}$ ($x$=0.19 and 0.26) single crystals were successfully grown, and investigated by the measurements of resistivity and anisotropic magnetic susceptibility. In contrast to the antiferromagnetic insulating ground state of the undoped BaMn$_{2}$As$_{2}$, the K-doped crystals show metallic conduction with weak ferromagnetism below $\sim$50 K and Curie-Weiss-like in-plane magnetic susceptibility above $\sim$50 K. Under high pressures up to 6 GPa, the low-temperature metallicity changes into a state characterized by a Kondo-like resistivity minimum without any signature of superconductivity above 2.5 K. Electronic structure calculations for $x$=0.25 using $2\times2\times1$ supercell reproduce the hole-doped metallic state. The density of states at Fermi energy have significant As 4$p$ components, suggesting that the 4$p$ holes are mainly responsible for the metallic conduction. Our results suggest that the interplay between itinerant 4$p$ holes and local 3$d$ moments is mostly responsible for the novel metallic state.
description: Some data were re-arranged and/or added, 8 figures
Finescale Evaluation of Drought in a Tropical Setting: Case Study in Sri Lanka
Creators: name: Lyon, Bradfield
name: Zubair, Lareef M.
name: Ralapanawe, Vidhura
name: Yahiya, Zeenas
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Hydrology
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: In regions of climatic heterogeneity, finescale assessment of drought risk is needed for policy making and drought management, mitigation, and adaptation. The relationship between drought relief payments (a proxy for drought risk) and meteorological drought indicators is examined through a retrospective analysis for Sri Lanka (1960–2000) based on records of district-level drought relief payments and a dense network of 284 rainfall stations. The standardized precipitation index and a percent-of-annual-average index for rainfall accumulated over 3, 6, 9, and 12 months were used, gridded to a spatial resolution of 10 km. An encouraging correspondence was identified between the spatial distribution of meteorological drought occurrence and historical drought relief payments at the district scale. Time series of drought indices averaged roughly over the four main climatic zones of Sri Lanka showed statistically significant (p < 0.01) relationships with the occurrence of drought relief. The 9-month cumulative drought index provided the strongest relationships overall, although 6- and 12-month indicators provided generally similar results. Some cases of appreciable drought without corresponding relief payments could be attributed to fiscal pressures, as during the 1970s. Statistically significant relationships between drought indicators and relief payments point to the potential utility of meteorological drought assessments for disaster risk management. In addition, the study provides an empirical approach to testing which meteorological drought indicators bear a statistically significant relationship to drought relief across a wide range of tropical climates.
The Posey and Cain Contracts
Creators: name: Mitchell, Lincoln A.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2013
Subjects: Recreation

description: This is the second year in a row the San Francisco Giants have ended spring training by signing a major star to an enormous contract extension. Their star catcher, and reigning NL MVP, Buster Posey, is now signed through 2021, with an option for 2022, at a total cost of about $167 million. Last year, the Giants signed star pitcher Matt Cain to a similar long term contract which will keep Cain on the Giants through 2018, if the team exercises its option for that year, at a total cost of around $136 million.
Hexagonal Discrete Global Grid Systems in Topographical and Hydrological Modeling
Creators: name: Li, Mingke
Publisher: name: Schulich School of Engineering
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Topography
subject: Hydrology
subject: Discrete Global Grid Systems
subject: Multi-scale
subject: Engineering

description: Geographic Information Systems (GIS) have dominated geospatial analysis since the 1960s, where spatial phenomena were normally represented by individual thematic layers at a specific resolution, and commonly projected to a two-dimensional Cartesian coordinate system for analysis. Discrete Global Grid Systems (DGGS), as a “congruent geography”, hierarchically partition the Earth’s surface into nearly uniform cells at various resolutions to provide great opportunities for innovation of legacy GIS. In the past few decades, the development of DGGS focused on fundamental implementations, such as polyhedral projections, indexing mechanisms, and generation of hierarchical grids, while limited efforts were given to the applicability studies in real-world scenarios. This dissertation aimed to bridge the gap between the existing DGGS implementations and DGGS-driven decision-making in the real world, and specifically, demonstrate the applicability of hexagonal DGGS in the domain of topographical and hydrological modeling. To achieve the above goal, this dissertation first reviewed the functional operations in a DGGS environment and compared them to those in the traditional GIS. This dissertation then focused on the terrain data integration, management, and analysis in the Icosahedral Snyder Equal Area Aperture 3 Hexagonal Grid (ISEA3H) DGGS. Specifically, the integration process, including quantization and aggregation, of multi-source terrain data at various granularities was demonstrated. Various topographical and hydrological functions, including slope and aspect, flow direction, flow accumulation, etc., were developed and experimented with various terrain types at different resolutions. Finally, external machine learning algorithms were incorporated into the DGGS and used to predict future flood risks under multiple climate change scenarios. This dissertation promotes the adoption of DGGS in real-world decision-making, particularly in topographical and hydrological modeling. The proposed methodology for heterogenous data integration can facilitate the development of a national elevation data service in the future. The developed spatial operations can enhance the analytical functionality of hexagonal DGGS. The application in flood mapping indicated the feasibility of DGGS as the standard data fabric for multi-source data integration and multi-scale data mining.
The effect of realistic equations of state and general relativity on the "snowplow" model for pulsar glitches
Creators: name: Seveso, Stefano
name: Pizzochero, Pierre M.
name: Haskell, Brynmor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Many pulsars are observed to "glitch", i.e. show sudden jumps in their rotational frequency $ν$, some of which can be as large as $Δν/ν\approx 10^{-6}-10^{-5}$ in a subset of pulsars known as giant glitchers. Recently Pizzochero (2011) has shown that an analytic model based on realistic values for the pinning forces in the crust and for the angular momentum transfer in the star can describe the average properties of giant glitches, such as the inter-glitch waiting time, the step in frequency and that in frequency derivative. In this paper we extend the model (originally developed in Newtonian gravity and for a polytropic equation of state) to realistic backgrounds obtained by integrating the relativistic equations of stellar structure and using physically motivated equations of state to describe matter in the neutron star. We find that this more detailed treatment still reproduces the main features of giant glitches in the Vela pulsar and allows us to set constraints on the equation of state. In particular we find that stiffer equations of state are favoured and that it is unlikely that the Vela pulsar has a high mass (larger than $M\approx 1.5 M_\odot$).
description: 15 pages, 8 figures, submitted to MNRAS
title: “Putting Out Fires” - The Utilization of Meditation in the Radiology Workplace
Creators: name: Shilagani, Chaitanya
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Professional Issues
subject: Professional issues
subject: PACS
subject: Education
subject: Education and training
subject: Not applicable

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: Review of current mental, emotional, and physical stressors in the radiology workplace. Benefits associated with the utilization of meditation in radiology. Overview of application within the diagnostic radiology reading room and interventional...
In Defense of the World Baseball Classic
Creators: name: Mitchell, Lincoln A.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2013
Subjects: Recreation

description: Bud Selig has been a very controversial baseball commissioner. He more or less encouraged steroid use for years, allowing it to become a major problem, before seeking, ineffectively, to address the problem for the last several years. He created the new system of three divisions and the wild card, now wild cards, which have been a mixed bag for baseball. He also presided over a gratuitous offensive boom for about a decade beginning around 1994 which lead to a bloated and less enjoyable style of play.
Cardiovascular risk in HIV-positive patients : assessment and pharmacological treatment
Creators: name: Johns, Kevin Wesley
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2012

description: In countries where it is available, highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) has transformed HIV infection into a manageable, chronic illness rather than an ultimately fatal condition. As HIV/AIDS-related morbidity and mortality have declined, adverse metabolic effects risen in frequency due to the combined effects of HAART and HIV infection itself. Adverse effects include blood lipid elevations that, in turn, lead to increased cardiovascular risk, potentially resulting in cardiovascular disease (CVD) or death. Treatment and management of these metabolic effects is becoming paramount within the HIV-positive (HIV+) population to extend the lifespan and improve quality of life. A variety of studies were employed in order to accurately gauge both the risk of CVD posed to the HIV+ population and the efficacy of novel and accepted treatments for metabolic abnormalities in this population. A longitudinal cohort study served to assess the incidence of important metabolic endpoints in HAART-naïve patients initiating therapy. A cross-sectional study was used to assess the prevalence of peripheral arterial disease (PAD), a largely unexplored but clinically relevant cardiovascular endpoint. Two clinical trials investigated the efficacy of treatment in HIV+ patients with elevated cardiovascular risk. One explored the effect of the anti-hyperglycemic agent rosiglitazone on carotid intima media thickness and total plaque area. The second compared the effectiveness of two treatment strategies in patients not reaching lipid targets with rosuvastatin 10 mg: increasing the dose to 20 mg or adding ezetimibe 10 mg to ongoing rosuvastatin. Findings of the cohort study included a unique and unexpected pattern of treatment-associated lipid abnormalities in HIV+ patients initiating therapy with non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors. A low prevalence of PAD was observed in our population of HIV+ subjects most likely secondary to the young age of the participants and factors that confounded the method of assessment. Rosiglitazone did not prove to be an effective agent at reducing surrogate markers for CVD but did have positive effects on endothelial function and inflammatory markers. Finally, the addition of ezetimibe to ongoing rosuvastatin therapy was effective at lowering relevant endpoints, including apolipoprotein B, but did not perform significantly better than a doubled dose of rosuvastatin.
title: Ultrasound findings in biliary atresia: a practical guide
Creators: name: Corrêa, João Antonio
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Not applicable
subject: Not applicable
subject: Education and training
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Paediatric
subject: Biliary Tract / Gallbladder
subject: Paediatric

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: To review theaspects of biliary atresia To review the technique, describing and illustrating typical and atypical sonographic findings of biliary atresia, comparing them to the normal anatomy, to help the radiologist in the differential diagnosis of...
Observable Quantities in Weyl Gravity
Creators: name: Tanhayi, Mohammad Reza
name: Fathi, Mohsen
name: Takook, Mohammad Vahid
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, the cosmological "constant" and the Hubble parameter are considered in the Weyl theory of gravity, by taking them as functions of $r$ and $t$, respectively. Based on this theory and in the linear approximation, we obtain the values of $H_0$ and $Λ_0$ which are in good agreement with the known values of the parameters for the current state of the universe.
description: to be appear in MPLA
Afghanistan: How Much Election Fraud Is Okay?
Creators: name: Mitchell, Lincoln A.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2009

description: As allegations of election fraud, intimidation, violence and ballot stuffing in the recent Afghan elections increase it seems as if the election in Afghanistan is in that gray area where there was a fair amount of fraud, but it is not yet clear whether there was enough for it to have changed the outcome of the election. This puts the U.S. and other international actors in a complicated position. It is not uncommon in elections in semi-democratic, semi-authoritarian, post-conflict, or as in Afghanistan, mid-conflict countries for some amount of mid-level election fraud and misuse of resources to be discounted by international actors because “the voice of the people was heard”, or to phrase it less delicately “the guy who would’ve won (usually the incumbent), won anyway.”
Kyrgyzstan and the Cost of Not Supporting Democracy
Creators: name: Mitchell, Lincoln A.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2010

description: During the Bush administration, as democracy assistance evolved from being a relatively uncontroversial U.S. policy with bipartisan support to a controversial policy associated with the neoconservative agenda, academics, journalists and others hastened to identify the political costs of doing democracy work. Critics of democracy assistance argued that encouraging elections too quickly in war torn countries could exacerbate ethnic tensions and ensure greater instability. Others argued that more democracy would bring anti-American leaders to power, particularly in Muslim countries, while still others argued that for poor unstable countries, stability, security and economic development should all be higher priorities than democracy.
Recurrence relations and splitting formulas for the domination polynomial
Creators: name: Kotek, Tomer
name: Preen, James
name: Simon, Frank
name: Tittmann, Peter
name: Trinks, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05C69, 05C31

description: The domination polynomial D(G,x) of a graph G is the generating function of its dominating sets. We prove that D(G,x) satisfies a wide range of reduction formulas. We show linear recurrence relations for D(G,x) for arbitrary graphs and for various special cases. We give splitting formulas for D(G,x) based on articulation vertices, and more generally, on splitting sets of vertices.
title: Locally Advanced Breast Cancer: A Case Series and Pictorial Essay
Creators: name: Kiebert, Carolina
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Breast
subject: Breast
subject: Mammography
subject: MR
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Education
subject: Cancer
subject: Not applicable

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: To discuss the definition of Locally Advanced Breast Cancer (LABC)/ Inflammatory Breast Cancer (IBC); To provide a series of cases of LABC and IBC; To analyse its clinical, anatomopathological/radiological features; To discuss the reasons involved...
Flying and Handling Qualities of Small-Scale Supersonic Uncrewed Aerial Vehicles
Creators: name: Durante, Benjamin Joseph
Publisher: name: Schulich School of Engineering
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Small-scale
subject: Supersonic
subject: UAV
subject: Flying qualities
subject: Engineering--Aerospace
subject: Engineering--Mechanical

description: The development of large-scale supersonic aircraft has always been challenging as numerous problems exist in control, aerodynamics, handling, propulsion, and structural design. The difficulty of these problems increases when designing small-scale supersonic aircraft, and their successful development has remained elusive. In this thesis the flying and handling qualities of a Small-scale Supersonic Uncrewed Aerial Vehicle (SSUAV) are analyzed with the purpose to facilitate future SSUAV design and experimental testing. For this goal, the flying qualities of an experimental Multipurpose Uncrewed Fixed-wing Advanced Supersonic Aircraft (MUFASA) SSUAV under development at the University of Calgary are assessed. Aerodynamic coefficient data is obtained, and a Newtonian mathematical model is created to facilitate the simulation and evaluation of the MUFASA SSUAV. The flying qualities of the MUFASA SSUAV are evaluated against existing crewed aircraft standards. Specifically the Froude scaling method is used as it provides a way to quantitatively compare small-scale vehicles to existing full-scale vehicle standards. The results obtained show that the handling characteristics of the MUFASA SSUAV are acceptable at transonic cruise conditions, however, the aircraft is laterally unstable. A continuous handling quality evaluation was proposed and implemented across the SSUAV’s flight regime providing observations that were unknown in the literature. The results highlight that the mean handling qualities of the targeted SSUAV range from acceptable to controllable in the supersonic flight regime and acceptable in the subsonic regime. Finally, a modified MUFASA SSUAV was compared to other small-scale UAVs as well as full-scale supersonic aircraft where it exhibited much higher roll-rates, leading to the conclusion that SSUAVs pose unique handling quality challenges that need to be addressed.
Riemannian formulation of Pontrygin's principle for robotic manipulators
Creators: name: Dubois, François
name: Ramírez-De-{Á}vila, Hedy César
name: Rojas-Quintero, Juan Antonio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this work, we consider a mechanical system whose mass tensor implements a scalar product in a Riemannian manifold. This system is controlled with the help of forces and torques. A cost functional is minimized to achieve an optimal trajectory. In this contribution, this cost function is supposed to be an arbitrary regular function invariant under a change of coordinates. Optimal control evolution based on Pontryagin's principle induces a covariant second-order ordinary differential equation for an adjoint variable featuring the Riemann curvature tensor. This second order time evolution is derived in this contribution.
High-Resolution Study of the Relationship Between the Region 2 Birkeland Current Equatorward Boundary and Soft Electron Fluxes
Creators: name: Liyanage, Ganegama
Publisher: name: Science
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Birkeland currents
subject: Field aligned currents
subject: Cassiope ePOP
subject: Swarm
subject: POES
subject: Suprathermal electrons
subject: SEI
subject: Geophysics
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Remote Sensing
subject: Physics

description: The nightside Region 2 (R2) Field Aligned Current (FAC) system is associated with magnetospheric dynamics occurring close to the inner magnetosphere. The current carriers for this system have been studied extensively at higher energies. In this study, we investigate the potential role of electrons in the less studied suprathermal (sub-keV) range. The Enhanced Polar Outflow Probe (e-POP) instrument suite on the CASSIOPE satellite (Swarm Echo) consists of eight plasma instruments, including the Suprathermal Electron Imager (SEI) and the magnetic field instrument (MGF). The SEI records two-dimensional energy-angle images of electron distribution for energies up to 350 eV at a rate of 100 images per second. The MGF samples the magnetic field at a sampling rate of 160 times per second with a resolution of 0.0625 nT. Even though ePOP, whose scientific focus is polar outflow, does not detect high-energy particles ($>$ 1 keV), its polar orbit is optimal for studying current carriers of FACs. We examine suprathermal electron fluxes over the region of 45-80º magnetic latitude during different geomagnetic conditions based on 25 traversals of the R2 boundary. These range from 1700-0400 MLT during which the SEI detects enhanced suprathermal electron fluxes in the 5-100 eV energy range just equatorward of the R2 boundary. Coincident with these fluxes and in a majority of cases, we see evidence of a current in the opposite direction of the R2 current, which we believe has not been reported previously.
title: Use of a spacer improves the detection of flow signals in the color-power-Doppler (CD) assessment of superficial lesions
Creators: name: Catalano, Orlando
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Musculoskeletal
subject: Musculoskeletal soft tissue
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Ultrasound-Colour Doppler
subject: Ultrasound-Power Doppler
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Neoplasia
subject: Prospective
subject: Observational
subject: Performed at one institution

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: The uppermost layer of the sonography field of view typically shows a compression of the image, with a suboptimal definition at both gray-scale and CD imaging ( Fig. 1 ). Detecting vessels flow is very important in the clinical practice, being...
The gamma-ray emitting region of the jet in Cyg X-3
Creators: name: Zdziarski, Andrzej A.
name: Sikora, Marek
name: Dubus, Guillaume
name: Yuan, Feng
name: Cerutti, Benoit
name: Ogorzalek, Anna
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study models of the gamma-ray emission of Cyg X-3 observed by Fermi. We calculate the average X-ray spectrum during the gamma-ray active periods. Then, we calculate spectra from Compton scattering of a photon beam into a given direction by isotropic relativistic electrons with a power-law distribution, both based on the Klein-Nishina cross section and in the Thomson limit. Applying the results to scattering of stellar blackbody radiation in the inner jet of Cyg X-3, we find that a low-energy break in the electron distribution at a Lorentz factor of ~ 300--1000 is required by the shape of the observed X-ray/gamma-ray spectrum in order to avoid overproducing the observed X-ray flux. The electrons giving rise to the observed \g-rays are efficiently cooled by Compton scattering, and the power-law index of the acceleration process is ~ 2.5--3. The bulk Lorentz factor of the jet and the kinetic power before the dissipation region depend on the fraction of the dissipation power supplied to the electrons; if it is ~ 1/2, the Lorentz factor is ~ 2.5, and the kinetic power is ~ 10^38 erg/s, which represents a firm lower limit on the jet power, and is comparable to the bolometric luminosity of Cyg X-3. Most of the power supplied to the electrons is radiated. The broad band spectrum constrains the synchrotron and self-Compton emission from the gamma-ray emitting electrons, which requires the magnetic field to be relatively weak, with the magnetic energy density < a few times 10^-3 of that in the electrons. The actual value of the magnetic field strength can be inferred from a future simultaneous measurement of the IR and gamma-ray fluxes.
description: MNRAS, in press, 13 pages