cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: Harmonized census geography and spatio-temporal analysis: Gender equality and empowerment of women in Africa
Creators: name: Sarkar, Sula
name: Cleveland, Lara
name: Silisyene, Majory
name: Sobek, Matthew
Publisher: name: Minneapolis, MN: Minnesota Population Center
Year: 2016
Subjects: childhood
Colombia
health
inequality
opportunity

description: Changes in administrative boundaries pose major challenges for spatio-temporal population research. Researchers interested in change over time need to hold space constant to study contextual or spatial effects on behaviors and outcomes. Boundary changes risk polluting their analyses with artifacts that obscure real changes that may have occurred. This paper describes the method by which spatially consistent geographic units have been constructed in the IPUMS-International census data collection for several countries over a fifty year period. We illustrate the utility of spatially consistent units by exploring progress toward UN Millennium Development Goals in a number of African countries at low levels of geography: specifically the goals to "promote gender equality and empower women." The analysis shows progress towards goals, but the pattern of growth differs markedly both across and within countries. We show how the use of harmonized geographic units facilitates comparative metrics.
description: Minnesota Population Center Working Paper Series
Osservazioni ultrastrutturali in larve di Blepharita (Crino) solieri Boisduval (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae) colpite da una poliedrosi citoplasmatica
Creators: name: Nuzzaci, Giorgio
name: Triggiani, Oreste
Publisher: name: Entomologica
Year: 2016

description: ELECTRON MICROSCOPE OBSERVATIONS ON LARVAE OF B/epharita (Crino) so/ieri BOISDUVAL (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae) INFECTED BY CYTOPLASMIC POLYHEDROSIS VIRUS

Electron microscope observations on the development of CPV in midgut of larvae of B. solieri have been made.

Electron micrographs reveal, at first, that the endoplasmic reticulum of the infected cells is deeply trasformed; later, dense patches of viroplasm develop. Virions develop in the viro- p1asm and are included later in polyhedra. The shape of polyhedra appears to remain constant, but their size varies, depending on their stage of development. The cytoplasmic polyhedra were surrounded by numerous virus particles.

Sono effettuate osservazioni, al microscopio elettronico, sullo sviluppo di una poliedrosi citoplasmatica (PC) nelle cellule intestinali del Lepidottero Nottuide Blepharita (Crino) solieri Boisduval.

Le micrografie delle cellule dell'intestino medio mostrano che, dapprima il reticolo endoplasmatico delle cellule intestinali subisce una profonda trasformazione, indi si differenziano delle dense masse di viroplasma nelle quali si organizzano i virioni. Essi successivamente vengono inclusi in cristalli proteici.

La forma dei poliedri sembra costante anche se le dimensioni variano a seconda dello stadio di maturazione degli stessi. I poliedri appaiono circondati da un elevato numero di virioni.
description: Entomologica, Vol 17 (1982)
title: Using the Annual Social and Economic Supplement with Current Population Survey Panels
Creators: name: Flood, Sarah
name: Pacas, José
Publisher: name: Minneapolis, MN: Minnesota Population Center
Year: 2016
Subjects: data integration
linking
panel data
Current Population Survey

description: The Annual Social and Economic Supplement (ASEC) is the most widely used type of Current Population Survey (CPS) data because of its rich information on employment, unions, health insurance and taxes. Researchers typically use these data as repeated cross sections despite the longitudinal component of the CPS, which many researchers are unaware of and very few leverage. The IPUMS-CPS (https://cps.ipums.org) project at the University of Minnesota is undergoing a large-scale effort to unlock the enormous research potential of the CPS by making it easier to access and use monthly CPS data and to link observations over time. Making the ASEC available to the research community as part of the larger collection of linked CPS panel data is of enormous value given the widespread use of the ASEC. But the unique aspects of the ASEC compared to other Basic Monthly CPS files make it cumbersome to use it as part of a longitudinal CPS panel. This paper details the complexities of the ASEC oversampling and the creation of an identifier that links the ASEC and the March Basic Monthly data which drastically simplifies analyzing ASEC data as part of a panel of CPS observations.
description: Minnesota Population Center Working Paper Series
title: A study of the emergence, development and role of the national oil companies of Iran, Kuwait and Saudi Arabia.
Creators: name: Ghorban, Narsi
Publisher: name: SOAS University of London
Year: 1978

description: Most of the oil-exporting countries have now established state-owned companies to help exercise the ownership right of the state over oil and gas resources. This study is about three of these national oil companies, namely those of Iran (the National Iranian Oil Company), Kuwait (the Kuwait National Petroleum Company), and Saudi Arabia (General Petroleum and Mineral Organization). The combined oil production of these countries presently accounts for approximately one-third of the oil- production in the non-communist world, and nearly half of the production in OPEC. The fact that national oil companies are now in a position to influence the oil policies of their respective governments, gives these companies some importance in the world petroleum market. In this study, we discuss the emergence of national oil companies and the extent to which political considerations prompted the setting up of state oil companies and affected their structure and growth. National oil companies are placed at a junction of politics and economics where national economic decision intermingles with political design. Like private oil companies, state-owned ventures are aiming at the lowest possible production cost and profitable growth, but being the special instrument of the government for the oil policies, both at home and abroad, they have a public aspect. In this study we give particular attention to some of the consequences of this inherent conflict. State oil companies for many years now have tried to enter international markets. One major constraint is now to achieve this objective without causing a drop in price levels of crude oil which their governments have agreed upon in the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries. The commercial policies of these companies and the method by which they are formed is of particular interest to this work. The government sets general policies for the national- oil company with regard to prices and investment. But on the other hand, the state oil company, which has experience in marketing crude oil or petroleum products, plays an important role in formalizing government objectives with regard to oil and gas resources of the country. Taking into account the structure of these national oil companies and the nature of decision-making within each company we evaluate their likely role in the petroleum market. The aim is to look at the true place of national oil companies under study, both within their respective country, and in the international petroleum market.
Contribuzioni alla conoscenza dei Coleophoridae XXIX. Coleophora acutiphaga n. sp.
Creators: name: Baldizzone, Giorgio
Publisher: name: Entomologica
Year: 2016

description: Coleophora acutiphaga n. sp., species living on Juncus acutus L. is described. The differences between the genitals of the new species, with the analogous maritimella Newm. and with soffneriella Toll, species of wich is described the female genital apparatus, unknown up to now, are shown. The distribution of the three species in the Mediterranean area is presented.

Viene descritta Coleophora acutiphaga n. sp., specie vivente su ]uncus acutus L. Sono evidenziate le differenze tra gli apparati genitali della nuova specie con l'affine maritimella Newm. e con soffneriella Toll, specie di cui viene illustrato l'apparato genitale femminile fino ad oggi sconosciuto. Delle tre specie viene presentata la distribuzione nella regione mediterranea.
description: Entomologica, Vol 17 (1982)
title: Family Matters: Development of new family interrelationship variables for US IPUMS data projects
Creators: name: Gorsuch, Marina Mileo
name: Williams, Kari Charlotte Wigness
Publisher: name: Minneapolis, MN: Minnesota Population Center
Year: 2016
Subjects: family interrelationships
demographic datasets
family composition

description: In demographic datasets, researchers frequently want to identify how members of a household are related. In 1995, IPUMS constructed family interrelationship variables indicating the line numbers (or "location") of each person's co-resident parents and spouse. These variables enabled researchers to examine household and family structure in a new way, including attaching the characteristics of a person’s spouse or parents as new variables. However, the original IPUMS family interrelationship variables have become outdated because of changing family structure and changes in how families are enumerated in datasets. In this study, develop a new method of estimating parental and spousal relationships using data on fertility patterns and family interrelationships. The improved method includes cohabiting and same-sex couples and is comparable across all modern US IPUMS data projects. A detailed variable indicates how the relationship was inferred and the level of ambiguity around that inference. The new IPUMS family interrelationship variables are very accurate, matching self-reported spouse/partner location for 99.99% and parent location for over 99.00% of respondents. Among those identified as same-sex couples, we match self-reported spouse/partner location for 100% of respondents, 87.57% of whom self-identify as lesbian, gay, or bisexual. We further demonstrate that the new family interrelationship variables closely track temporal variation in teenage fertility.
description: Minnesota Population Center Working Paper Series
title: Poverty and power: Survival of the poorest in three villages of West Bengal, India.
Creators: name: Beck, Anthony
Publisher: name: SOAS University of London
Year: 1991

description: This thesis examines the relation between power and poor people's agency. It does so through critical review of the literature on theories of poverty, and through a comparative analysis of three villages in two contrasting regions of West Bengal, India. Chapters two and three compare two theoretical approaches to poverty. Chapter two notes the connection between the ideology of poverty measurement in nineteenth century Britain and twentieth century India, and discusses mainstream literature on the Indian political economy which concentrates on the poor. The chapter locates a common theme in these two literatures, which are seen to conceptualise the poor as passive and lacking agency. Chapter three considers an alternative theoretical approach, that is literature concerning the dimension of human agency. In particular it analyses the tradition of 'people's history', which conceptualizes the poor as active participants in the making of their societies, as well as contemporary discussion of poor people's participation in rural development. Chapter four gives a background to agrarian West Bengal in terms of history, agro-ecology, agrarian differentiation and politics. Chapter five describes the two study regions, the three study villages, and the methodology used in the field. It also outlines the method of categorization of village households employed in the thesis. The next two chapters present the field work data. Chapter six evaluates the effectiveness of irrigation facilities introduced into the main study village as a means of examining how external resources are mediated through village power structure. The evaluation analyses the relation between irrigation, the local agro-ecology, and power structure. The main benefits of the programme accrued to the village elite, and benefits to the poor were negligible. Chapter seven focusses on poverty as experienced by the poorest, and poorest people's priorities. In contrast to chapter six, it details indigenous efforts at 'development'. It discusses five types of strategies used by sixty purposively selected poorest households that were crucial to their survival: use of common property resources, management of food, sharerearing of livestock, sale of assets, and informal organization into mutual support networks. Poorest people exploited both social and natural resource bases in an attempt to 'negotiate' a better quality of life for themselves within local socio-economic structures. The conclusion stresses the importance of understanding the ways in which the abilities of the poor are conceptualised, and argues that rural development may be more successful if it attempts to understand and build on indigenous strategies already in use by the poor.
Transnational Climate Change Governance and the Global South
Creators: name: Chan, Sander
name: Asselt, Harro Van
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: 300 Sozialwissenschaften::320 Politikwissenschaft
subject: 300 Sozialwissenschaften::330 Wirtschaft::333 Boden- und Energiewirtschaft

description: Alongside intergovernmental climate change negotiations, a groundswell of climate actions by cities, regions, businesses, investors, and civil society groups has emerged. These transnational actors seek to address mitigation and adaptation to climate change; independently, with each other and with governments and international organizations. Many have welcomed transnational climate initiatives as a crucial addition to the formal climate regime, contributing to a growing momentum to act on climate change. However, critics have raised concerns about whether transnational actors are genuinely interested in mitigation and adaptation, or whether they are they are representing business-as-usual as clean and green. Moreover, are transnational climate initiatives appropriately targeted to address needs of both developed and developing countries; do they exacerbate imbalances in global climate governance between the global North and South? This paper explores the multifaceted relation between developing countries and transnational climate governance. It discusses developing country engagement on the basis of their political support for transnational initiatives, their leadership of, and participation in transnational climate initiatives, and the implementation and performance of such initiatives from the perspective of the global South.
Note su alcuni interessanti microlepidotteri raccolti in Puglia
Creators: name: Baldizzone, Giorgio
name: Triberti, Paolo
Publisher: name: Entomologica
Year: 2016

description: The Authors point out the more interesting species of Microlepidoptera collected on the promontory of Gargano and in various places of Puglia. A short comment on the biology and the distribution is given for each of them. Among the enumerateci entities, five are new for Italy (Nemapogon signatellus Pet., Digitivalva eglanteriella Mann, Coleophora kroneella Fuchs, Scythris inertella Z., Hysterosia fulvicinctana Const.) and two are new for science (Parornix acuta Trb. and Coleophora halimionella Bldz.).

Gli autori segnalano le specie più interessanti di Microlepidotteri raccolte sul promontorio del Gargano e in altre località della Puglia. Per ognuna di esse segue un breve com- mento sulla biologia e distribuzione. Fra le entità elencate cinque risultano nuove per l'Italia (Nemapogon signatellus Pet., Digitivalva eglanteriella Mann, Coleophora kroneella Fuchs, Scythris inertella Z., Hysterosia fulvicinctana Const.) e due nuove per la scienza (Parornix acuta Trb e Coleophora halimionella Bldz).
description: Entomologica, Vol 17 (1982)
title: Evaluating the Accuracy of Linked U. S. Census Data: A Household Linking Approach
Creators: name: Goeken, Ronald
name: Lee, Yu Na
name: Lynch, Tom
name: Magnuson, Diana
Publisher: name: Minneapolis, MN: Minnesota Population Center
Year: 2017

description: Despite the proliferation of published studies using linked decennial census records there has been little empirical work on the accuracy of the linked data. The primary reason, of course, is that you can never definitively state that two records taken from two distinct censuses represent the same person. Potential links are then classified as true or false according to rules or machine learning procedures. Estimating linkage rates is a straightforward exercise, but error rates can only be measured indirectly. The goal of most historical census linkage projects is to create linked data that does not include corroborative evidence derived from co-resident kin and migration status because of bias issues. The main issue is if the true link is unidentifiable (because of under-enumeration or a mismatch or low similarity on key linkage variables), then any link to this record will be false. Most record linkage projects more or less assume that the inability to find true links due to mismatches or low similarity for key linkage variables is a relatively minor issue. Our strategy for investigating this topic is to use a maximum amount of information to establish a set of verified links. Primarily, we plan on using the presence of common kin and residential stability (i.e., living in the same place) in successive decennial censuses to supplement similarity at the individual level. Although many true links will not have corroborative household or residential information, we find that many can be verified. These verified links will then be used to optimize blocking strategies and to test procedures used to classify potential links generated by individual level classifiers, primarily by constructing linkage and error rates.
description: Minnesota Population Center Working Paper Series
Note sulla biocenosi in Puglia della Lobesia (Polychrosis) botrana (Schifi.) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) infeudata a Daphne gnidium L.
Creators: name: Nuzzaci, Giorgio
name: Triggiani, Oreste
Publisher: name: Entomologica
Year: 2016

description: INVESTIGATIONS IN THE BIOLOGICAL BEHAVIOUR OF Lobesia (Polychrosis) botrana (SCHIFF.) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) ON Daphne gnidium IN APULIA (souTH-IT AL Y)

The biological behaviour of Lobesia botrana on Daphne gnidium is studied.

Traps baited with synthetic sex pheromone have been used for studying the flight dynamics of the adults.

Lobesia botrana has three generations a year in Premurgiana and Murgiana areas (Apulia): the fìrst generation occurs from late April of June, the second one from the end of June to August-September and the third one from September to March-April overwintering as pupa in the litter.

Among their parasites the most frequent have been: Campoplex difformis (syn. muta- bilis), C. borealis (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae); Apanteles sp., Bassus linguarius, Aleioides sp. (Hymenoptera: Braconidae); Phytomiptera nigrina (Diptera: Tachinidae).

Viene compiuto uno studio sul comportamento biologico della Lobesia botrana su Daphne gnidium. Sono state utilizzate trappole a feromoni, per seguire la dinamica dei voli, sono state condotte osservazioni in campo sulle popolazioni larvali e sulla coorte dei nemici natu- rali ad esse associati.

Nella zona Premurgiana e Murgiana la Lobesia attua tre generazioni complete nel corso dell'anno: la prima generazione viene compresa dall'aprile inoltrato a giugno, la seconda da fine giugno a agosto-settembre, la terza generazione da settembre a marzo-aprile con svernamento allo stadio di crisalide nella lettiera.

Tra i nemici naturali, le specie più frequentemente rinvenute sono state: Campoplex difJormis (syn. mutabilis), C. borealis (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae); Apanteles sp., Bassus linguarius, Aleioides sp. (Hymenoptera: Braconidae); Phytomiptera nigrina (Diptera: T achinidae).
description: Entomologica, Vol 17 (1982)
title: Building a National Longitudinal Research Infrastructure
Creators: name: Ruggles, Steven
name: Fitch, Catherine
name: Sobek, Matthew
Publisher: name: Minneapolis, MN: Minnesota Population Center
Year: 2017

description: This paper describes a new initiative to create and disseminate longitudinal data infrastructure for the United States based on the entire population enumerated between 1850 and 2020. The National Longitudinal Research Infrastructure (NLRI) aims to produce a foundational reference collection for demographic and health research. The availability of a massive collection of life histories of the U.S. population over 170 years will open new avenues for social and behavioral research, education, and policy-making. By disseminating the infrastructure to the broadest possible audience, the project will enhance scientific and public understanding of critical policy-related issues. We are developing the infrastructure through three closely interconnected research projects: (1) the Census Longitudinal Infrastructure Project (CLIP); (2) the American Opportunity Study (AOS); and (3) the Multi-Generational Longitudinal Panel (IPUMS-MLP). The paragraphs that follow briefly describe the origins of the project and our preliminary studies. We then explain how NLRI will overcome critical barriers and transform research on the effects of public policies, social institutions, and health care on the health, well-being, and functioning of people over the life course and in their later years.
description: Minnesota Population Center Working Paper Series
title: Historical Census Record Linkage
Creators: name: Ruggles, Steven
name: Fitch, Catherine
name: Roberts, Evan
Publisher: name: Minneapolis, MN: Minnesota Population Center
Year: 2017

description: For the past 80 years, social scientists have been linking historical censuses across time to study economic and geographic mobility. In recent decades, the quantity of historical census record linkage has exploded, owing largely to the advent of new machine-readable data created by genealogical organizations. Investigators are examining economic and geographic mobility across multiple generations, but also engaging many new topics. Several analysts are exploring the effects of early-life socioeconomic conditions, environmental exposures, or natural disasters on family, health and economic outcomes in later life. Other studies exploit natural experiments to gauge the impact of policy interventions such as social welfare programs and educational reforms. The new data sources have led to a proliferation of record linkage methodology, and some widespread approaches inadvertently introduce errors that can lead to false inferences. A new generation of large-scale shared data infrastructure now in preparation will ameliorate weaknesses of current linkage methods.
description: Minnesota Population Center Working Paper Series
The Challenged Sense of Belonging Scale (CSBS)—a validation study in English, Arabic, and Farsi/Dari among refugees and asylum seekers in Germany
Creators: name: Fuchs, Lukas M.
name: Jacobsen, Jannes
name: Walther, Lena
name: Hahn, Eric
name: Ta, Thi Minh Tam
name: Bajbouj, Malek
name: Scheve, Christian Von
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Sense of belonging
subject: Refugees
subject: Challenged Sense of Belonging Scale
subject: CSBS
subject: Scale validation
subject: Integration
subject: Acculturation
subject: IAB-BAMF-SOEP
subject: 300 Sozialwissenschaften::300 Sozialwissenschaften, Soziologie::301 Soziologie, Anthropologie

description: This study introduces and investigates the validity of a brief scale measuring a challenged sense of belonging. The sense of belonging as well as challenges to this sense are important, albeit neglected aspects of social integration and of significance to migration and refugee studies as well as to virtually all other social science contexts. Assessing a challenged or eroded sense of belonging provides important insights into how individuals relate to their environment and whether they feel socially connected or disconnected from it. The construct goes beyond national or cultural identity, instead emphasizing the dynamic processes of emotional attachment. Reviewing the substantial theoretical literature on belonging, we identify four of its key elements: connection, participation, identification, and congruence. Drawing on existing measurement instruments, we propose a brief Challenged Sense of Belonging Scale (CSBS) that addresses each of the four elements and investigate its validity in a unique, multi-lingual random sample of 3783 adult refugees in Germany from various national and cultural backgrounds. We provide evidence for the scale’s validity separately for three main survey languages (English, Arabic, Farsi/Dari) using confirmatory factor analysis, a test of measurement invariance, item test and rest correlations, and correlation analysis to explore convergent validity. Our findings suggest that the scale is a suitable instrument for the assessment of a challenged sense of belonging in a heterogeneous population of refugees.
title: Spatial Manifestations of the “Great American Migration Slowdown”: A Decomposition of Inter-County Migration Rates, 1990-2012
Creators: name: DeWaard, Jack
name: Fussell, Elizabeth
name: Curtis, Katherine J.
name: Ha, Jasmine Trang
Publisher: name: Minneapolis, MN: Minnesota Population Center
Year: 2017
Subjects: Migration
Great American Migration Slowdown
Intensity
Connectivity
Decomposition

description: Prior research on the “Great American Migration Slowdown,” which refers to the declining rate of U.S. internal migration in recent years and decades, has ignored the spatial manifestations of migration slowdown. This misses an important part of the story because, as we show in this paper, U.S. counties became increasingly connected to one another by migration over the past two decades, with gains in migration “connectivity” helping to partially offset the Great American Migration Slowdown. Using county-to-county migration flow data from the Internal Revenue Service and an innovative application of Das Gupta’s demographic standardization and decomposition procedures, we estimate that changes in the rate of U.S. internal migration since the early 1990s would have been between 1.7 and 10.4 points lower (depending on the year) than observed changes had U.S. counties not become increasingly connected to one another by migration. We subsequently examine the unique spatial manifestations of the Great American Migration Slowdown for each of eight types of inter-county migration flows across the rural-urban continuum. We conclude by reflecting on the substantive implications of these changes and why these changes are likely to continue in the future.
description: Minnesota Population Center Working Paper Series
Genetic variability, cryptic species and phylogenetic relationship of six cyathostomin species based on mitochondrial and nuclear sequences
Creators: name: Louro, Mariana
name: Kuzmina, Tetiana A.
name: Bredtmann, Christina M.
name: Diekmann, Irina
name: Madeira De Carvalho, Luís M.
name: Samson-Himmelstjerna, Georg Von
name: Krücken, Jürgen
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Parasite evolution
subject: Parasite genetics
subject: Cyathostomins
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie

description: Cyathostomins are important intestinal nematode parasites of equines and include 50 accepted species. Their taxonomy has been frequently revised and the presence of cryptic species suggested. Furthermore, usually molecular- and morphology-based phylogenetic analyses give divergent results. In this study, the nucleotide sequences of the nuclear second internal transcribed spacer (ITS-2) and the mitochondrial partial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) were determined for adults of six cyathostomin species (Coronocyclus coronatus, Coronocyclus labiatus, Cylicocyclus nassatus, Cylicostephanus calicatus, Cylicostephanus longibursatus, Cylicostephanus minutus) collected from different equine species within two geographic regions. Maximum likelihood trees were calculated for ITS-2, COI, and concatenated data. No obvious differentiation was observed between geographic regions or equine host species. As previously reported, Coronocyclus coronatus and Cylicostephanus calicatus revealed a close relationship. Cryptic species were detected in Cylicostephanus minutus and Cylicostephanus calicatus. Cylicocyclus nassatus and Coronocyclus labiatus showed diverse mitochondrial and nuclear haplotypes occurring in different combinations, while Cylicostephanus longibursatus was comparatively homogenous. In conclusion, a combined analysis of nuclear and mitochondrial haplotypes improved resolution of the phylogeny and should be applied to the remaining cyathostomin species and across additional equine host species and geographic regions.
title: The production and use of ritual terracottas in India.
Creators: name: Huyler, Stephen P.
Publisher: name: SOAS University of London
Year: 1991

description: Formed from the very soil of India, pottery and clay sculptures are considered essential to the continuity of Hindu life. Clay is the Symbol of transition, of cycles of change, of impermanence and regeneration. The creation, destruction, and re-creation of terracotta is constant. Although the potters' position within the caste hierarchy is low, his transformation of impure' substance into functional and sacred forms, makes him socially respected - a servant of the gods. More potters live and work in India than in any other country or land mass of comparable size in the world. Unique as a separate, endogamous group of vessel makers and sculptors, these craftsmen still produce traditional products whose forms are virtually indistinguishable from those of their predecessors. By documenting and understanding the preparation, purpose and function of contemporary terracottas, scholars may be able to more accurately hypothesize about ancient material cultures. This thesis is primarily based upon a survey of Indian potters in fifty-four districts within fifteen Indian states, the material collected during thirty-two months of field research over a ten-year period. After a brief comparative study of these craftsmen and their roles within contemporary society, the text focuses upon the creation of ritual terracottas and the use of these terracottas as gifts to or receptacles for the gods. Detailed attention is given to the sacred and ritual roles of potters within their communities and the ways in which their products are vital to the devotional practices of the average Hindu, as recorded in shrines and household rituals in twelve states. Finally, three separate case studies - based upon interviews with potters, their families, local villagers and priests in community clusters in South Arcot District, Tamil Nadu, Deoria and Gorakhpur Districts, Uttar Pradesh, and Puri District, Orissa - document the production and function of ritual terracottas.
Mechanics
Creators: name: Harlfinger, Dieter
name: Koch, Lutz
name: Leeuwen, Joyce Van
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Ancient Mechanics
subject: Textual Transmission
subject: Greek Manuscripts
subject: Greek Paleography
subject: Reception
subject: Diagram
subject: Natural Philosophy
subject: History of Knowledge
subject: Critical Edition
subject: 000 Informatik, Informationswissenschaft, allgemeine Werke::000 Informatik, Wissen, Systeme::001 Wissen
subject: 900 Geschichte und Geografie::930 Geschichte des Altertums (bis ca. 499), Archäologie
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::530 Physik

description: a) Topics and goals. The aim of group D-III-3 »Mechanics« is to investigate the Aristotelian Mechanica as a mathematical discipline in the context of Aristotle’s natural philosophy. Especially relevant for the group’s research is the question of how geometric discourse, spatial models, and diagrammatic representation are employed in these different but intimately correlated scientific areas. The textual tradition of the Mechanica is receiving a thorough philological analysis, including the first systematic examination of the diagrams contained in the manuscripts of this treatise. Moreover, the mechanical knowledge presented in this text is being investigated in the context of its reception in antiquity, the medieval world, and the Renaissance. Not only are the insights gained through this research contributing to our understanding of the history of the text, but are also telling for our knowledge of ancient mechanics. b) Methods: The basic philological research of the group, which is being conducted at the Aristoteles-Archiv of the Freie Universität Berlin, benefits from the extensive microfilm collection and paleographical and codicological materials of this institution. In addition to the philological analysis of the transmission of the Mechanica, the contents of the text will be interpreted in the broader context of natural philosophy, ancient mathematics, and the history of science. c) State of the discussion: The initial approach to the Aristotelian Mechanica was primarily philological; planned for the future, however, is an increased emphasis on the text’s philosophical and mathematical aspects. The research of the group involves exchanges with several projects in areas D-II-1, »The Ontology of Space,« and D-II-2, »Place, Space, and Motion,« which focus on the mathematical aspects of Aristotle’s general theory of motion. Mechanical concepts are also highly relevant to Aristotle’s theory of animal locomotion as expounded in De Motu Animalium and De Anima.
title: Changes in the economic use of land in the vicinity of Tripoli.
Creators: name: Allan, John A.
Publisher: name: SOAS University of London
Year: 1971

description: This study relates to 1400 square kilometres in the vicinity of Tripoli, Libya, in which irrigated, and semi-irrigated, settled agriculture was being carried out in 1968, and in which major changes had taken place in the agricultural geography of the area following the discovery and exploitation of the country's petroleum resources. The physical character of the area and its economic and historical background are first outlined. The main part of the thesis is concerned to confirm a number of propositions, namely that there has been an intensification and extension of agriculture through the development of irrigated farming and at the same time a lessening of the separateness in the characters of the 'traditional' and 'ex-colonist' farms. The only marked differences between the appearance and character of traditional Libyan 'gardens' and the holdings set up during the Italian administration (1912-1943) still evident in 1968 will be established and afterwards shown to be subject to considerable modification. A second group of propositions, concerned with crucial constraints on the continued development of irrigated agriculture, are presented in sections treating the inadequacy of underground water resources, the difficulties attendant on the upward trend in agricultural wages and the problems of financing further viable agricultural development. The evidence presented to confirm these propositions has been derived from personal fieldwork carried out in 1967 and 1968, when the author was concerned with aspects of the organisation and administration of the Libya University - London University Joint Research Project. Material collected through the field surveys of the project, both published and unpublished has also been included. Much emphasis is given to photogrammetric techniques in that satisfactory comparative data for earlier periods were only available in photographic form. Statistical analysis by multi-variate and other techniques has been incorporated in various sections, notably that relating to the 'separateness' of the farm types.
Universal scaling theory of the boundary geometric tensor in disordered metals
Creators: name: Werner, Miklós Antal
name: Brataas, Arne
name: Oppen, Felix Von
name: Zaránd, Gergely
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Anderson localization
subject: critical phenomena
subject: electrical conductivity
subject: quantum phase transitions
subject: renormalization group
subject: tight-binding model
subject: quantum information
subject: condensed matter
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::530 Physik::539 Moderne Physik

description: We investigate the finite-size scaling of the boundary quantum geometric tensor (QGT) numerically close to the Anderson localization transition in the presence of small external magnetic fields. The QGT exhibits universal scaling and reveals the crossover between the orthogonal and unitary critical states in weak random magnetic fields. The flow of the QGT near the critical points determines the critical exponents. Critical distributions of the QGT are universal and exhibit a remarkable isotropy even in a homogeneous magnetic field. We predict universal and isotropic Hall conductance fluctuations at the metal-insulator transition in an external magnetic field.
title: Does Marital Quality Predict Togetherness? Couples’ Shared Time and Happiness During Encore Adulthood
Creators: name: Flood, Sarah M.
name: Genadek, Katie R.
name: Moen, Phyllis
Publisher: name: Minneapolis, MN: Minnesota Population Center
Year: 2018

description: We use data from the 2009 and 2013 Supplements on Disability and Use of Time to the Panel Study of Income Dynamics to examine the relationship between marital quality and couples’ shared time and happiness in a new “encore adult” life course stage around the 50s, 60s, and 70s. Our research addresses a major limitation of previous research by considering how marital quality is associated with time with a spouse; we tap into the quality of togetherness by differentiating between face-to-face time with a spouse and passive time when couples are in the same location. Using Ordinary Least Squares regression models, we find that marital support (strain) is associated with more (less) face-to-face time and less (more) passive time. We also estimate Actor Partner Interdependence models and find that husbands’ and wives’ reports of face-to-face time are higher when wives report higher marital support, but only each partner’s own perceptions of marital support predict their lower passive time. We also find individuals are happier when they are with their spouse versus not and momentary happiness is higher (lower) when marital support (strain) is higher. Results underscore the importance of studying couples both as a unit and as individuals.
description: Minnesota Population Center Working Paper Series
title: Capturing the American People: Census Technology and Institutional Change, 1790-2020
Creators: name: Ruggles, Steven
name: Magnuson, Diana L.
Publisher: name: Minneapolis, MN: Minnesota Population Center
Year: 2018

description: Political considerations not only shaped the content and applications of the census, but also the mechanics of census taking. This essay traces the history of U. S. census data capture, which we define as the methods and technologies used to transform raw census responses into statistical tables. By focusing on federal responses to a specific technical challenge over a very long span, our narrative illuminates the long-run effects of shifting societal preoccupations on bureaucratic decision-making. Technical progress was contested and uneven, with numerous setbacks; nevertheless, through the interplay of politics and necessity, for more than a century U. S. census operations defined the leading edge of innovation in data processing technology. From 1790 to 1990, census employees developed and refined a series of novel approaches to data capture that transformed data processing worldwide. In recent decades, the Census Bureau has relinquished this leadership position. We attribute the declining success of census data capture mainly to ideological shifts of the late 20th century that redefined the role of government. Beginning in the mid-1990s, the Census Bureau increasingly turned to outside vendors from the private sector for data capture. The privatization of data capture led to rapidly escalating costs, reduced productivity, near catastrophic failures of the 2000 and 2010 censuses, and high risks for the 2020 census.
description: Minnesota Population Center Working Paper Series
title: Causation and stative verbs in English.
Creators: name: Williams, H. P.
Publisher: name: SOAS University of London
Year: 1971

description: The purpose of this paper is to examine some stative verbs, i.e. verbs which do not normally take progressive aspect, from a syntactic and a philosophical point of view. An examination of the concept of causation and its relation to transitivity is also undertaken in order to try and show that stative verbs are "resultatives," Formulation of the argument leads to the positing of a linguistic model that is an extension though in some ways a fundamental alteration of Fillmore's case model. This model allows room for the philosophic insights of Austin & Urmson.
title: Correlates and Consequences of American War Casualties in World War I
Creators: name: Roberts, Evan
name: Burda, Alexandra
Publisher: name: Minneapolis, MN: Minnesota Population Center
Year: 2018

description: Outside of international relations much of the scholarship on World War I has come from historians rather than social scientists. Thus, there has been little attention paid to extending our knowledge of the basic demographic facts of American involvement in World War I, and analysis of the social impact of the war on veterans and their communities. After knowing how many Americans died, demographers might ask how did they die, and how did mortality rates differ across different groups? Sociologists might proceed to ask how the society these men came from was affected by their deaths. How did contemporaries react to a significant, yet temporary, rise in mortality for young men in the course of a controversial war? To answer these questions, we create a new dataset of individual-level data on American casualties in World War I. The dataset contains township of origin (and thus state and county of origin), rank, and cause-of-death, and in conjunction with existing aggregate sources on enlistments and casualties allows us to show significant state-level variation in casualty rates. Following a literature in sociology and political science, we then examine how variation in casualty rates was associated with electoral results.
description: Minnesota Population Center Working Paper Series
title: The "Waji shoran-sho" of Keichu and its position in historical kana usage studies.
Creators: name: Seeley, Christopher
Publisher: name: SOAS University of London
Year: 1975

description: This thesis is concerned with examination and interpretation from the orthographical viewpoint of the system of historical kana usage (rekishiteld, kana-zukai) proposed by the 17th century scholar-priest Keichu, and its relationship to previous and subsequent kana usage and kana usage theory. In the introductory chapter, the meanings and scope of the terra kana-zukai are considered, as also the question of how kana-zukai first arose. Chapter Two consists of a description of kana usage before Keichu, in order to put the historical kana usage of Keichu into perspective. In Chapter Three a brief introduction to Keichu and his works is given, together with a consideration of the significance of his kana usage studies within his work as a whole. Chapter Four sets out assumptions concerning the sound-system of the language of Keichu as a preliminary to examination of his kana usage writings. Chapter Five looks at the beginnings and development of Keichu's kana usage theory before Waji shoran-sho, his main work on Kana usage. Chapter Six consists of an introduction to, and translated excerpts from, Waji shoran-sho. In Chapter Seven, the kana usage and kana usage theory of Keichu is considered from the viewpoint of the layout of Waji shoran-sho. Chapter Eight sets out the principles of Keichu's kana usage theory Chapter Nine examines the actual kana spellings set out in Waji shoran-sho. Chapters Ten and Eleven consider two specialized aspects of Keichu's kana usage theory. Chapter Twelve looks briefly at kana usage and kana usage theory after Waji shoran-sho down to the present day. In the Conclusion, the findings of the study are set out. The various appendices deal with relevant topics which it was not possible to fit conveniently into the main body of the thesis.
title: Domestic Violence, Decision-Making Power and Female Employment in Colombia
Creators: name: Fajardo-Gonzalez, Johanna
Publisher: name: Minneapolis, MN: Minnesota Population Center
Year: 2018
Subjects: Domestic violence
Employment
Women’s decision-making power
Colombia

description: Using data from the Colombian Demographic and Health Survey, I study the relationship between domestic violence (DV) and women’s employment. I find a positive relationship between DV and employment, which persists when I exploit husband’s childhood experience of domestic violence as a source of plausibly exogenous variation for the incidence of DV. I find that the incidence of DV increases the likelihood of female employment by about 19 percentage points. To explore potential mechanisms underlying this positive result, I use a causal mediation analysis and various measures of women’s empowerment. I find that a woman’s willingness to divorce, which comes from increases in a woman’s outside option, is such main mechanism. Working women are able to gain control over money and to acquire the financial resources they need to be able to escape the violence and end the marital union.
description: Minnesota Population Center Working Paper Series
Understandings, Practices and Human-Environment Relationships - A Meta-Ethnographic Analysis of Local and Indigenous Climate Change Adaptation and Mitigation Strategies in Selected Pacific Island States
Creators: name: Seggern, Janne Von
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: climate change adaptation and mitigation
subject: local and Indigenous knowledge systems
subject: South Pacific Island States
subject: anthropology of climate change
subject: meta-ethnography
subject: 300 Sozialwissenschaften::300 Sozialwissenschaften, Soziologie::300 Sozialwissenschaften

description: Local and Indigenous knowledge systems worldwide indicate adaptation and mitigation strategies to climate change. Particularly in regions that are massively affected by climatic changes, such as the Pacific Island States, there is a need for increased and combined research on the role which these knowledge systems can play internationally. For this reason, this article provides a synthesis of empirical results and approaches to local and Indigenous climate change adaptation and mitigation strategies in selected South Pacific Island States by using a meta-ethnographic approach. The reviewed literature is associated with the sub-disciplinary perspective of the Anthropology of Climate Change. The results of the meta-ethnographic analysis are discussed based on three thematic focal points: First, the empirical ground of local understandings of climate change and its theoretical conceptualization(s) are constituted. Second, the results of practices for adaptation to climate change are synthesized and presented in detail throughout one example. Third, the synthesis of climate change mitigation practices is outlined with a specific focus on human-environment relationships.