cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Storing quantum states in bosonic dissipative networks
Creators: name: de Ponte, M. A.
name: Mizrahi, S. S.
name: Moussa, M. H. Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Considering a network of dissipative quantum harmonic oscillators we deduce and analyze the optimum topologies which are able to store, for the largest period of time, a quantum superposition previously prepared in one of the network oscillators. The storage of the superposition is made dynamically, in that the state to be protected evolves through the network before being retrieved back in the oscillator where it was prepared. The decoherence time during the dynamic storage process is computed and we demonstrate that it is proportional to the number of oscillators in the network for a particular regime of parameters.
Studying Contagious Disease Spread Utilizing Synthetic Populations: An Agent-based Modeling Framework]{Studying Contagious Disease Spread Utilizing Synthetic Populations Inspired by COVID-19: An Agent-based Modeling Framework
Creators: name: J, Author
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 460207
subject: Modelling and simulation
classificationCode: 420202
subject: Disease surveillance

description: The COVID-19 pandemic has reshaped societies and brought to the forefront simulation as a tool to explore the spread of the diseases including that of agent-based modeling. Efforts have been made to ground these models on the world around us using synthetic populations that attempt to mimic the population at large. However, we would argue that many of these synthetic populations and therefore the models using them, miss the social connections which were paramount to the spread of the pandemic. Our argument being is that contagious diseases mainly spread through people interacting with each other and therefore the social connections need to be captured. To address this, we create a geographically-explicit synthetic population along with its social network for the Western New York (WNY) Area. This synthetic population is then used to build a framework to explore a hypothetical contagious disease inspired by various of COVID-19. We show simulation results from two scenarios utilizing this framework, which demonstrates the utility of our approach capturing the disease dynamics. As such we show how basic patterns of life along with interactions driven by social networks can lead to the emergence of disease outbreaks and pave the way for researchers to explore the next pandemic utilizing agent-based modeling with geographically explicit social networks.
Comprehensive simulations of superhumps
Creators: name: Smith, Amanda J.
name: Haswell, Carole A.
name: Murray, James R.
name: Truss, Michael R.
name: Foulkes, Stephen B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: (Abridged) We use 3D SPH calculations with higher resolution, as well as with more realistic viscosity and sound-speed prescriptions than previous work to examine the eccentric instability which underlies the superhump phenomenon in semi-detached binaries. We illustrate the importance of the two-armed spiral mode in the generation of superhumps. Differential motions in the fluid disc cause converging flows which lead to strong spiral shocks once each superhump cycle. The dissipation associated with these shocks powers the superhump. We compare 2D and 3D results, and conclude that 3D simulations are necessary to faithfully simulate the disc dynamics. We ran our simulations for unprecedented durations, so that an eccentric equilibrium is established except at high mass ratios where the growth rate of the instability is very low. Our improved simulations give a closer match to the observed relationship between superhump period excess and binary mass ratio than previous numerical work. The observed black hole X-ray transient superhumpers appear to have systematically lower disc precession rates than the cataclysmic variables. This could be due to higher disc temperatures and thicknesses. The modulation in total viscous dissipation on the superhump period is overwhelmingly from the region of the disc within the 3:1 resonance radius. As the eccentric instability develops, the viscous torques are enhanced, and the disc consequently adjusts to a new equilibrium state, as suggested in the thermal-tidal instability model. We quantify this enhancement in the viscosity, which is ~10 per cent for q=0.08. We characterise the eccentricity distributions in our accretion discs, and show that the entire body of the disc partakes in the eccentricity.
description: 18 pages (mn2e LaTeX), 14 figures, 5 tables, Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Teachers’ Beliefs Concerning Teaching Multilingual Learners: A Cross-Cultural Comparison Between the US and Germany
Creators: name: Hammer, S.
name: Viesca, K. M.
name: Ehmke, T.
name: Heinz, B. E.
Publisher: name: The School of Education and Communities, University of East London
Year: 2018

description: We analysed the beliefs about multilingualism in school of in-service teachers from the US (n = 60) and Germany (n = 65), utilising a survey originally developed in German that was translated and adapted into English. Results show that teachers from both samples, on average, strongly agree that a person’s identity is connected to their language and culture. However, we found significant differences in scale mean values between US teachers and German teachers concerning their beliefs about (1) the interconnected nature of language with culture and identity, (2) language demand in content classrooms, (3) responsibility for language teaching, and (4) valuing multilingualism. Our results provide insight into cross-cultural differences between German and US teachers’ beliefs, as well as a strong instrument in two languages to measure teachers’ beliefs about multilingualism in schools.
An Integrative Framework to Assess Trade-Offs and Implications of Choosing Measurements
Creators: name: García-Montoya, Laura
Publisher: name: University of Notre Dame
Year: 2024

description: Deciding how to measure critical social science concepts like inequality and democracy is one of the most consequential decisions researchers and policymakers make. Yet we lack concrete guidelines to recognize and weigh the tradeoffs that make going from concept to measurement such a challenging task. This paper builds on existing work on measurement validity and develops a framework that allows scholars to identify the trade-offs between three desirable properties of measurement: completeness, interpretability, and normative alignment. The first challenge results from the inherent trade-off between completeness and interpretability. The second challenge results from the lack of empirical tools to assess the normative implications of choosing one indicator over another one. To exemplify how to navigate these challenges, the paper engages with debates on how to measure democracy and inequality. The paper aims to guide scholars in the consequential task of choosing one indicator that matches their research goals as well as their normative orientations.
Direct link between low temperature magnetism and high temperature sodium order in NaxCoO2
Creators: name: Schulze, T. F.
name: Häfliger, P. S.
name: Niedermayer, C.
name: Mattenberger, K.
name: Bubenhofer, S.
name: Batlogg, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We prove the direct link between low temperature magnetism and high temperature sodium ordering in NaxCoO2 using the example of a heretofore unreported magnetic transition at 8 K which involves a weak ferromagnetic moment. The 8 K feature is characterized in detail and its dependence on a diffusive sodium rearrangement around 200 K is demonstrated. Applying muons as local probes this process is shown to result in a reversible phase separation into distinct magnetic phases that can be controlled by specific cooling protocols. Thus the impact of ordered sodium Coulomb potential on the CoO2 physics is evidenced opening new ways to experimentally revisit the NaxCoO2 phase diagram.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures, to appear in PRL
Does Lynda.com’s ‘Introduction to SPSS’ Course Provide a Positive Learning Experience Relating to Data Analysis within a Research Methods Module? the Beginnings of an Exploratory Study
Creators: name: Messner, Stephanie
Publisher: name: The School of Education and Communities, University of East London
Year: 2018

description: When embarking on a clinical degree, students imagine themselves in a clinical environment treating patients as well as learning a plethora of medical conditions to help inform practice. The modules met with the most resistance are the two research methods modules they must complete to successfully graduate. Students at the beginning of their second year cannot comprehend how a module that is very different to the general stream of clinical modules fits onto their learning curve. However, over the past academic year, I have been able to identify the reason for the resistance, which lies solely in the students’ fear of statistics. In this article I discuss the implementation of screencasts as an adjunct to standard methods of teaching statistics in higher education. This particular project served as part of the completion for my Postgraduate Certificate in Education.
Computerized Daily Construction Site Reporting System (DSRS)
Creators: name: Tse, Roger Lai Ming
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: The concept of daily site reporting is not new to the construction industry. For years, superintendents have been completing daily site reports by pencil and paper and then filing them away at the end of the day. In the event of a construction dispute, the company is faced with the tedious task of having to search through these reports for the pertinent information. Often, this task is further complicated by the fact that much of the data was entered without standard formats and descriptions. Daily site reporting can benefit from standardization and computerization. The objective of this thesis was to develop a conceptual design of a micro-computer based Daily Construction Site Reporting System (DSRS) which would operate as an integral part of a construction project monitoring and control system. By tracking a project on a daily basis throughout its construction duration, the DSRS is able to provide immediate feedback to the Scheduling and Cost Control Systems. This is an important step towards real-time monitoring and control of a construction job. With this system in place, not only can claims preparation be facilitated, but status information on individual activities, frequency of occurrence of different problem types, and their impact on achieving productivity and scheduled targets may also be generated. Examples of such analysis using project information are provided. The DSRS consists of a Data Collection System and a Data Reporting System. The development of the former involved designing data collection forms and gradually improving them by field testing. The sample output reports presented in this thesis were prepared with the data collected on a local high-rise condominium project using these forms. A prototype Data Collection System has been programmed for a micro-computer using dBASE III PLUS. The current state of development of the Data Reporting System is limited to the design of a report generator and filter.
Origin of the Charge Density Wave in the Kagome Metal CsV$_{3}$Sb$_{5}$ as Revealed by Optical Spectroscopy
Creators: name: Zhou, Xiaoxiang
name: Li, Yongkai
name: Fan, Xinwei
name: Hao, Jiahao
name: Dai, Yaomin
name: Wang, Zhiwei
name: Yao, Yugui
name: Wen, Hai-Hu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on a detailed study of the optical properties of CsV$_{3}$Sb$_{5}$ at a large number of temperatures above and below the charge-density-wave (CDW) transition. Above the CDW transition, the low-frequency optical conductivity reveals two Drude components with distinct widths. An examination of the band structure allows us to ascribe the narrow Drude to multiple light and Dirac bands, and the broad Drude to the heavy bands near the $M$ points which form saddle points near the Fermi level. Upon entering the CDW state, the opening of the CDW gap is clearly observed. A large portion of the broad Drude is removed by the gap, whereas the narrow Drude is not affected. Meanwhile, an absorption peak associated with interband transitions near the saddle points shifts to higher energy and grows in weight. These observations are consistent with the scenario that the CDW in CsV$_{3}$Sb$_{5}$ is driven by nesting of Fermi surfaces near the saddle points at $M$.
description: 6 pages, 2 figures. Comments are welcome and appreciated
Additional file 1 of Comprehensive evaluation of the effects of long-term cryopreservation on peripheral blood mononuclear cells using flow cytometry
Creators: name: Li, Bo
name: Yang, Chunmei
name: Jia, Gui
name: Liu, Yansheng
name: Wang, Na
name: Yang, Fangfang
name: Su, Rui
name: Shang, Yulong
name: Han, Ying
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Additional file 1. Table S1: Antibody information
Singular Energy Distributions in Granular Media
Creators: name: Ben-Naim, E.
name: Zippelius, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the kinetic theory of driven granular gases, taking into account both translational and rotational degrees of freedom. We obtain the high-energy tail of the stationary bivariate energy distribution, depending on the total energy E and the ratio x=sqrt{E_w/E} of rotational energy E_w to total energy. Extremely energetic particles have a unique and well-defined distribution f(x) which has several remarkable features: x is not uniformly distributed as in molecular gases; f(x) is not smooth but has multiple singularities. The latter behavior is sensitive to material properties such as the collision parameters, the moment of inertia and the collision rate. Interestingly, there are preferred ratios of rotational-to-total energy. In general, f(x) is strongly correlated with energy and the deviations from a uniform distribution grow with energy. We also solve for the energy distribution of freely cooling Maxwell Molecules and find qualitatively similar behavior.
description: 15 pages, 11 figures
Positioned for Peacebuilding? The Complex Role of the Catholic Church in the Venezuelan Conflict
Creators: name: Pérez Hernáiz, Hugo
name: Smilde, David
Publisher: name: University of Notre Dame
Year: 2024

description: The Catholic Church would seem to be perfectly positioned to facilitate peace in the Venezuelan conflict. It is the country’s most respected institution, and Pope Francis has been personally interested in peacemaking in the region. Furthermore, there is precedent in the region. In Colombia, since the 1980s, the Catholic Church has played a key role in mobilizing the population for peace, supporting the peace process directly, and through involvement in issues of transitional justice. In this article, we briefly describe the peacebuilding activities of the Colombian Catholic Church, more extensively describe the activities of the Venezuelan Catholic Church, and then compare the two to understand the particular challenges the Venezuelan Church faces. We suggest that while the Venezuelan Church faces a similar political opportunity structure as the Colombian Church, it does so with less mobilizing strength and with a lesser ability to provide a clear ideological alternative to the conflict.
Quantum Oscillation of Thermally Activated Conductivity in a Monolayer WTe$_2$-like Excitonic Insulator
Creators: name: He, Wen-Yu
name: Lee, Patrick A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently, quantum oscillation of the resistance in insulating monolayer WTe$_2$ was reported. An explanation in terms of gap modulation in the hybridized Landau levels of an excitonic insulator was also proposed by one of us. However, the previous picture of gap modulation in the Landau levels spectrum was built on a pair of well nested electron and hole Fermi surfaces, while the monolayer WTe$_2$ has one hole and two electron Fermi pockets with relative anisotropy. Here we demonstrate that for system like monolayer WTe$_2$, the excitonic insulating state arising from the coupled one hole and two electron pockets possesses a finite region in interaction parameter space that shows gap modulation in a magnetic field. In this region, the thermally activated conductivity displays the $1/B$ periodic oscillation and it can further develop into discrete peaks at low temperature, in agreement with the experimental observation. We show that the relative anisotropy of the bands is a key parameter and the qunatum oscillations decrease rapidly if the anisotropy increases further than the realistic value for monolayer WTe$_2$.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures. 9 pages of supplemental material. Comments are welcome
Additional file 4 of Comprehensive evaluation of the effects of long-term cryopreservation on peripheral blood mononuclear cells using flow cytometry
Creators: name: Li, Bo
name: Yang, Chunmei
name: Jia, Gui
name: Liu, Yansheng
name: Wang, Na
name: Yang, Fangfang
name: Su, Rui
name: Shang, Yulong
name: Han, Ying
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Additional file 4. Figure S3: Suppressive experiment using the CFSE label PBMCs cocultured with cryopreserved Tregs (A) The histogram results to show CD4-CFSE in the absence and presence of Tregs (B) The histogram results to show CD8-CFSE in the absence and presence of Tregs. The numbers represent the percentages of proliferative cells
Spin-Dependent Ringing and Beats in a Quantum Dot System
Creators: name: Souza, Fabricio M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report spin-dependent quantum coherent oscillations (ringing) and beats of the total and spin currents flowing through a quantum dot with Zeeman split levels. The spin dependent transport is calculated via nonequilibrium Green function in the transient after a bias voltage is turned on at t=0. The dot is coupled to two electrodes that can be ferromagnetic or nonmagnetic. In the ferromagnetic case both parallel and antiparallel alignments are considered. The coherent oscillation and beat frequencies are controlled via the Zeeman energy E_Z. In particular, for E_Z=0 no beats are observed and the spin current is zero for nonmagnetic leads. In the ferromagnetic case a finite spin current is found for E_Z=0. The effects of temperature are also analyzed. We observe that with increasing temperature the ringing response and the beats tend to disappear. Additionally, the spin current goes to zero for nonmagnetic leads, remaining finite in the ferromagnetic case. The tunnel magnetoresistance (TMR) also reveals quantum coherent oscillations and beats, and it attains negative values for small enough temperatures and short times.
description: published version: reference added, typos corrected, minor changes in the text
Nick Virgilio haiku archive, box 02 folder 12
Creators: name: Virgilio, Nicholas A. (Nicholas Anthony)
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 1962

description: The Nicholas Virgilio Haiku Archive is primarily composed of sheets of typed haiku poems, several poems to a page, only a few ever published; some correspondence, mostly related to publishing or speaking engagements; and a small amount of personal correspondence. Virgilio lived in Camden, New Jersey and is a renowned haikuist.
The Change of Job Opportunities: the Role of Computerization and Institutions
Creators: name: Nellas, Viki
name: Olivieri, Elisabetta
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2012
Subjects: SECS-P/01 Economia politica

description: This paper studies the pattern of job opportunities over the last two decades in European countries. We find that the share of high-skilled jobs have been expanding over time, while the share of medium-skilled jobs have been declining. These changes are in line with the US patterns and, according to the previous literature, they come from recent technological changes. However, our data show an interesting difference between the US and Europe: in Europe there is not any increase in the share of low-skilled employment. Moreover, we find that the difference between the proportion of employment hired in low-skilled and medium-skilled jobs is negatively correlated with both the unemployment rate and the degree of employment protection in the labour market.
We propose a theoretical model to study the effects of a technological shock on the employment structure in a unionized economy.
By accounting for the collective bargaining process, our model may fit Continental Europe better than the previous ones. We conclude that the definition of the union policy is crucial in order to explain observed cross-country heterogeneity in low-skilled employment.
Multilingualism in the Field of Early Childhood
Creators: name: Felix, R.
Publisher: name: The School of Education and Communities, University of East London
Year: 2018

description: In this paper, I analyse early childhood centres, expounding what a quality early childhood centre entails. Early childhood centres nurture children socially, emotionally, cognitively and intellectually (Phillips & Lowenstein 2011; Backer & Nærde 2017). Employing a multilingual curriculum in early childhood centres may help promote quality childcare. There are more than a billion people who speak more than one language fluently (Okal 2014). Therefore, early childhood centres should work to implement a multilingual curriculum as this can greatly benefit the children. Unfortunately, most early childhood centres lack a multilingual curriculum as their policies do not enable it. By assessing the Luxembourg government’s language policy, one can discern how policy imposes certain truths. To efficaciously deconstruct the use of policy, I will implement the work of Michel Foucault.
Additional file 1 of Association of the gallbladder or biliary diseases with dipeptidyl peptidase 4 inhibitors in patients with type 2 diabetes: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Creators: name: Yu, Meng
name: Yang, Zheng
name: Chen, Chongxin
name: Lv, Yuhuan
name: Xiang, Linyu
name: Zhao, Subei
name: Li, Rong
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1. Search strategies.
Nick Virgilio haiku archive, box 02 folder 11
Creators: name: Virgilio, Nicholas A. (Nicholas Anthony)
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 1962

description: The Nicholas Virgilio Haiku Archive is primarily composed of sheets of typed haiku poems, several poems to a page, only a few ever published; some correspondence, mostly related to publishing or speaking engagements; and a small amount of personal correspondence. Virgilio lived in Camden, New Jersey and is a renowned haikuist.
The Interplay of Human and Social Capital in Shaping Entrepreneurial Performance: The Case of Vietnam
Creators: name: Santarelli, Enrico
name: Thu Tran, Hien
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2012
Subjects: SECS-P/02 Politica economica

description: This study investigates the effects of human capital, social capital and their interaction on the performance of 1,398 Vietnamese new-born firms. Operating profit is used as the measure of success. Human capital is captured by individual-level professional education, start-up experience, and learning. Whereas the first two dimensions of human capital are measured with traditional indicators, we define learning as ability to accumulate knowledge to conduct innovation activities (new product introduction, product innovation and process innovation). Social capital is measured as benefits
obtained from personal strong-tie and weak-tie networks. Key findings are three-fold: (i) human capital strongly predicts firm success, with learning exerting a statistically significant positive impact on operating profit; (ii) benefits from weak ties outweigh those from strong ties; (iii) interaction of human capital and social capital displays a statistically significant positive effect on new-firm performance.
Nick Virgilio haiku archive, box 02 folder 13
Creators: name: Virgilio, Nicholas A. (Nicholas Anthony)
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 1962

description: The Nicholas Virgilio Haiku Archive is primarily composed of sheets of typed haiku poems, several poems to a page, only a few ever published; some correspondence, mostly related to publishing or speaking engagements; and a small amount of personal correspondence. Virgilio lived in Camden, New Jersey and is a renowned haikuist.
title: The role of large scale flows in molecular cloud formation in spiral galaxies
Creators: name: Ramon Fox, Felipe Gerardo
Publisher: name: University of St Andrews
Year: 2019

description: Star formation begins on the large scales of a galaxy and takes place on the smallest scales. As the interstellar gas flows into a spiral arm, it forms a shock where the change in density, coupled to self-gravity and thermal instabilities, leads to the formation of high density structures where molecular clouds grow. It is important to understand the role of large-scale flows in assembling these clouds. This work explores the gas flows in spiral arms to understand its role on molecular cloud formation comparing between grand-design and flocculent galaxies. A set of high-resolution smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) simulations are used. One simulation evolves the gas in a potential including a halo, stellar disc, and spiral arms. The second simulation evolves the gas in an N-body stellar disc and bulge within a fixed halo potential. The first and second models are representative of grand-design and flocculent galaxies, respectively. The third simulation is a high-resolution simulation of a region of gas flowing in a spiral arm based on the simulations of Bonnell et al. (2013), which follows in more detail the local cloud dynamics. In the global models, the mass resolution is about 45M⊙ per gas particle and in the spiral simulation, about 0.6M⊙. The results show that in both the grand-design and flocculent models, the gas is shocked as it flows through an arm. The N-body model shows flow characteristics qualitatively similar to the spiral potential model but with more variations due to the potentials arm-to-arm variations. Clouds are identified using a friends-of-friends algorithm to catalogue clumps above a given density threshold. These have non-negligible streaming motions and their properties are consistent with observed mass-radius and size-velocity dispersion relations.
The Simple Job of Giving Torment,The Grupo Élite: A Death Squad of the Guatemalan Army
Creators: name: E. Vela Castañeda, Manolo
Publisher: name: University of Notre Dame
Year: 2024

description: This article analyzes the Grupo Élite, a death squad within the Guatemalan Presidential General Staff, whose members received orders from the intelligence sector, particularly the Intelligence Directorate of the General Staff of Guatemala’s Defense Ministry. This was a specialized unit charged with special intelligence operations against dissidents. Such operations included surveillance, infiltration into opposition groups, arrests, interrogations by means of torture, sexual violence, extrajudicial executions, and forced disappearances. This article examines seven patterns that serve to characterize this particular unit and its members,including: 1) the command structure of the squad; 2) sociodemographic profiles of its members; 3) methods of recruitment; 4) the job description of members as part of an internal secret code; 5) the use of nicknames as pseudonyms; (6) careers and medals; and 7) careers after leaving the squad. Within the theater of war operations in Guatemala’s civil war, few actors rival the cruelty, perversity and sadism that characterized the actions of the country’s death squads.
Measuring market liquidity: An introductory survey
Creators: name: Gabrielsen, Alexandros
name: Marzo, Massimiliano
name: Zagaglia, Paolo
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2011
Subjects: SECS-P/01 Economia politica

description: Asset liquidity in modern financial markets is a key but elusive concept. A market is often said to be liquid when the prevailing structure of transactions provides a prompt and secure link between the demand and supply of assets, thus delivering low costs of transaction. Providing a rigorous and empirically relevant definition of market liquidity has, however, provided to be a difficult task. This paper provides a critical review of the frameworks currently available for modelling and estimating the market liquidity of assets. We consider definitions that stress the role of the bid-ask spread and the estimation of its components that arise from alternative sources of market friction. In this case, intra-daily measures of liquidity appear relevant for
capturing the core features of a market, and for their ability to describe the arrival of new information to market participants.
Cosmological Shock Waves in the Large Scale Structure of the Universe: Non-gravitational Effects
Creators: name: Kang, Hyesung
name: Ryu, Dongsu
name: Cen, Renyue
name: Ostriker, J. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Cosmological shock waves result from supersonic flow motions induced by hierarchical clustering of nonlinear structures in the universe. These shocks govern the nature of cosmic plasma through thermalization of gas and acceleration of nonthermal, cosmic-ray (CR) particles. We study the statistics and energetics of shocks formed in cosmological simulations of a concordance $Λ$CDM universe, with a special emphasis on the effects of non-gravitational processes such as radiative cooling, photoionization/heating, and galactic superwind feedbacks. Adopting an improved model for gas thermalization and CR acceleration efficiencies based on nonlinear diffusive shock acceleration calculations, we then estimate the gas thermal energy and the CR energy dissipated at shocks through the history of the universe. Since shocks can serve as sites for generation of vorticity, we also examine the vorticity that should have been generated mostly at curved shocks in cosmological simulations. We find that the dynamics and energetics of shocks are governed primarily by the gravity of matter, so other non-gravitational processes do not affect significantly the global energy dissipation and vorticity generation at cosmological shocks. Our results reinforce scenarios in which the intracluster medium and warm-hot intergalactic medium contain energetically significant populations of nonthermal particles and turbulent flow motions.
description: Submitted to ApJ. Pdf with full resolution figures can be downloaded from http://canopus.cnu.ac.kr/ryu/krco.pdf
Chemopreventive effects of eicosapentaenoic acid free fatty acid in a murine model of colitis-associated colorectal cancer
Creators: name: Prossomariti, Anna <1986>
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2015
Subjects: MED/04 Patologia generale

description: Inflammatory bowel diseases are associated with increased risk of developing colitis-associated colorectal cancer (CAC). Epidemiological data show that the consumption of ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (ω-3 PUFAs) decreases the risk of sporadic colorectal cancer (CRC). Importantly, recent data have shown that eicosapentaenoic acid-free fatty acid (EPA-FFA) reduces polyps formation and growth in models of familial adenomatous polyposis. However, the effects of dietary EPA-FFA are unknown in CAC. We tested the effectiveness of substituting EPA-FFA, for other dietary fats, in preventing inflammation and cancer in the AOM-DSS model of CAC. The AOM-DSS protocols were designed to evaluate the effect of EPA-FFA on both initiation and promotion of carcinogenesis. We found that EPA-FFA diet strongly decreased tumor multiplicity, incidence and maximum tumor size in the promotion and initiation arms. Moreover EPA-FFA, in particular in the initiation arm, led to reduced cell proliferation and nuclear β-catenin expression, whilst it increased apoptosis. In both arms, EPA-FFA treatment led to increased membrane switch from ω-6 to ω-3 PUFAs and a concomitant reduction in PGE2 production. We observed no significant changes in intestinal inflammation between EPA-FFA treated arms and AOM-DSS controls. Importantly, we found that EPA-FFA treatment restored the loss of Notch signaling found in the AOM-DSS control, resulted in the enrichment of Lactobacillus species in the gut microbiota and led to tumor suppressor miR34-a induction. In conclusion, our data suggest that EPA-FFA is an effective chemopreventive agent in CAC.
The Importance of Partnership: Collaborative Learning Culture in Songwriting Higher Education
Creators: name: Whiskerd, J.
Publisher: name: The School of Education and Communities, University of East London
Year: 2018

description: Given the increasingly market-driven and consumerist environment of higher education in the UK, this article will argue the importance of a ‘partnership learning’ approach, which requires engagement, investment and a sense of shared responsibility from both tutors and students. At the Institute of Contemporary Music Performance (ICMP), small-group learning is integral to the ethos of our creative programmes. Our interactive, learner-led sessions offer our students a weekly opportunity to develop creative and critical independence in their thinking and practice. With specific reference to our songwriting programmes, this article will explore how widely-established best practice in teaching can be most effectively deployed in the design and delivery of specialised, industry-relevant creative workshops. It will conclude that collaboration between tutors and students in the creation of a bespoke learning culture is integral to effective songwriting learning and teaching, as well as the cultivation of independence – a key graduate attribute – in degree-level students.
The FMNRxPYTHIA interface for Heavy Quark production at HERA
Creators: name: Geiser, A.
name: Quiroz, A. E. Nuncio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A method to calculate heavy flavor visible-level cross sections at Next-to-Leading Order (NLO) in Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD), based on an interface of the FMNR program to PYTHIA, is described. It uses the NLO prediction at quark level provided by FMNR, with a statistical reduction procedure (REDSTAT) that allows a link to PYTHIA 6.2 to be made, from where the description of the full hadron fragmentation and decay chain is obtained. The method is applied to ep -> b bbar X -> D* mu X and mu+ mu- X final states at HERA. Comparisons of the data and NLO cross sections at visible and b-quark level were found to be consistent.
description: 10 pages, 9 figures
Η επίδραση της κλινικής θεραπευτικής άσκησης στη δευτερογενή πρόληψη πτώσεων των ατόμων τρίτης ηλικίας για τη βελτιστοποίηση της ποιότητας υγείας και της ζωής τους
Creators: name: Ιακωβίδης, Πάρης Τ.
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2017
Subjects: Ηλικιωμένοι
Πτώσεις
Ισορροπία
Φυσικοθεραπεία
Elderly
Falls
Balance
Physiotherapy

description: Η επίδραση της κλινικής θεραπευτικής άσκησης στη δευτερογενή πρόληψη πτώσεων των ατόμων τρίτης ηλικίας για τη βελτιστοποίηση της ποιότητας υγείας και της ζωής τους. Σκοπός της παρούσας έρευνας ήταν η μελέτη της επίδρασης, στα πλαίσια δευτερογενούς πρόληψης,ενός ειδικά σχεδιασμένου πρωτοκόλλου κινησιοθεραπευτικής παρέμβασης στη λειτουργική ικανότητα και στην ποιότητα ζωής ατόμων τρίτης ηλικίας, που έχουν υποστεί χειρουργική επέμβαση ενδομυελικής ήλωσης (τύπου g nail) μετά από διατροχαντήριο κάταγμα ισχίου λόγω πτώσης. Το δείγμα αποτελούνταν από εξήντα (n=60) ηλικιωμένους ηλικίας 65-74 ετών που είχαν υποστεί χειρουργική επέμβαση ενδομυελικής ήλωσης (τύπου g nail) μετά από διατροχαντήριο κάταγμα ισχίου λόγω πτώσης κατά το τελευταίο έτος. Τα άτομα χωρίστηκαν με τυχαίο τρόπο σε δυο ομάδες: την πειραματική ομάδα (ΠΟ) (n=35) που ακολούθησε συνδυασμένο θεραπευτικό πρόγραμμα άσκησης στατικού και δυναμικού τύπου, ισορροπίας και ευλυγισίας και την ομάδα ελέγχου (ΟΕ) (n=24). Από τη στατιστική ανάλυση αποκλείστηκε ένας συμμετέχοντας λόγω πειραματικής θνησιμότητας. Το θεραπευτικό πρόγραμμα είχε συνολική διάρκεια δώδεκα εβδομάδων, με τρεις συνεδρίες εβδομαδιαίως όχι πέραν των εξήντα λεπτών για κάθε συνεδρία. Περιλάμβανε ασκήσεις ισορροπίας, ευλυγισίας και ενδυνάμωσης. Για την αξιολόγηση του θεραπευτικού προγράμματος χρησιμοποιήθηκε η κλίμακα λειτουργικής ισορροπίας Berg, η δοκιμασία κινητικότητας Tinetti, η επισκόπηση υγείας SF-36 και σύστημα φορητής πελματογραφίας. Ακολούθησε εξάμηνη και ετήσια επαναμέτρηση μετά τη λήξη του θεραπευτικού προγράμματος που ακολούθησε η ΠΟ. Τα αποτελέσματα της μελέτης φανέρωσαν ότι η ΠΟ βελτίωσε στατιστικά σημαντικά την ισορροπία (p
description: The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential effect of clinical exercise on functional ability, secondary falls prevention and quality of life in older with intramedullary nailing (g nail) after intertrochanterichip fracture. Subjects aged between 65-74 years and divided in two groups: experimental group (n=35) and controlled group (n=24). The clinical training program included strength training, stretching and balance training, for twelve weeks, three sessions per week for sixty minutes. We recorded Berg scale, Tinetti assessment, SF-36 questionnaire and postural adaptation pre-post clinical exercise six and twelve months follow up. Our results suggested significant improvements in EC post twelve weeks of clinical exercise on Berg and Tinetti scale (p
Search for Prompt Production of $χ_{c}$ and X(3872) in e^+e^- Annihilations
Creators: name: The BABAR Collaboration
name: Aubert, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have searched for prompt production of $χ_{c1}$, $χ_{c2}$ and X(3872) in continuum e^+e^- annihilations using a 386 fb^{-1} data sample collected around $\sqrt{s} = 10.6$ GeV with the BABAR detector using the $γJ/ψ$ decay mode. After accounting for the feed-down from $ψ(2S)\toγχ_{c1,2}$, no significant signal for prompt $χ_{c1,2}$ production is observed. We present improved upper limits on the cross-section, with the rest of the event consisting of more than two charged tracks, to be 77 fb for $χ_{c1}$ and 79 fb for $χ_{c2}$ with $e^+e^-$ center-of-mass frame $χ_c$ momentum greater than 2.0 GeV at 90% confidence level. These limits are consistent with NRQCD predictions. We also set an upper limit on the prompt production of X(3872) through the decay $X(3872)\to γJ/ψ$.
description: 8 pages 1 figure submitted to Phys. Rev. D (Rapid Communications)
The Impact of Clubfoot Intervention on Dimensions of Human Flourishing: Evidence from the Organization Hope Walks in Ethiopia
Creators: name: Wydick, Bruce
name: Camacho, Gianna
name: Piraino, Patrizio
Publisher: name: University of Notre Dame
Year: 2024

description: We study the impact of clubfoot disability and its treatment on multiple dimensions of human
flourishing among children. Working with Hope Walks, a faith-based development organization
that funds clubfoot interventions in numerous countries, we use a quasi difference-indifferences
approach on data collected from 564 children in Ethiopia. To generate counterfactuals to
clubfoot status and treatment, we use outcomes from nearest-age siblings of children born with
clubfoot nested within a family-level fixed effect. We find that clubfoot status (early treatment)
results in a disability (restoration) of -1.44σ (0.91σ) in physical mobility, -1.17σ (0.79σ) in
mental health, -1.07σ (0.64σ) in social inclusion, -0.48σ (0.98σ) in an education index, -0.76σ
(0.42σ) in religious faith, and -1.19σ (0.79σ) in an aggregate index of human flourishing (all p <
0.05). We attribute the large, broad, and significant impacts from clubfoot treatment to (i) a
highly effective medical intervention that is (ii) carried out in an impoverished setting with
scarce existing support for children born with disabilities, which (3) generates spillover effects
into multiple facets of human flourishing.
THE IMPACT OF SOCIAL MEDIA ON ENGLISH LANGUAGE ACQUISITION
Creators: name: Olimova, Sarvinoz
name: Akhmedova, Muyassar
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: This article examines the profound impact of social media platforms on the acquisition of the English language, particularly among young learners and language enthusiasts worldwide. The study delves into how social media tools such as Facebook, Instagram, Twitter, TikTok, and YouTube have become unconventional yet effective learning environments where users acquire language skills both consciously and subconsciously. By analyzing various studies and statistical data, the paper presents the opportunities and challenges that social media brings to English language learning. The research further evaluates how the interactive nature of social media fosters vocabulary development, grammatical accuracy, and communicative competence. Ultimately, it argues that when used strategically, social media can complement formal language education and provide learners with immersive, real-life contexts to practice and refine their English language skills.
Stress, deformation and flow analysis of oil sand masses under applied load and temperature changes
Creators: name: Srithar, Thillaikanagasabai
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Stress and temperature changes in oil sand masses associated with oil recovery can give rise to stability and deformation problems. An analytical formulation is developed to analyze such kind of problems and incorporated in the finite element program 'CONOIL II’. Oil sand is a multiphase material, which can be analyzed as an equivalent two phase material; solid grains saturated with a single fluid phase, having an equivalent compressibility. The equivalent compressibility is obtained by combining the concepts of unsaturated soils with the gas laws and the gas-liquid interaction effects. Classical approach, as used in thermal elasticity is not appropriate to analyze the temperature induced effects, unless the time steps are made very small. A better formulation is presented, which involves introducing additional terms in the stress-strain relation and in the flow continuity equation, to account for temperature induced effects. The new approach reduces the oscillations predicted by the classical approach and leads to more realistic results. The analytical equations for the coupled stress, deformation and flow problems have been solved by finite element analysis. The finite element formulation involves nonlinear variations of stress-strain response, compressibility and flow, and is performed in an incremental manner. The developed finite element program has been verified by comparing its results with the closed form solutions and laboratory data. Then, the program has been applied to predict the responses associated with an oil recovery scheme. Such kind of analyses are important in the rational design of oil recovery schemes in oil sands.
Reservoir Stack Machines
Creators: name: Paaßen, Benjamin
name: Schulz, Alexander
name: Hammer, Barbara
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Memory-augmented neural networks equip a recurrent neural network with an explicit memory to support tasks that require information storage without interference over long times. A key motivation for such research is to perform classic computation tasks, such as parsing. However, memory-augmented neural networks are notoriously hard to train, requiring many backpropagation epochs and a lot of data. In this paper, we introduce the reservoir stack machine, a model which can provably recognize all deterministic context-free languages and circumvents the training problem by training only the output layer of a recurrent net and employing auxiliary information during training about the desired interaction with a stack. In our experiments, we validate the reservoir stack machine against deep and shallow networks from the literature on three benchmark tasks for Neural Turing machines and six deterministic context-free languages. Our results show that the reservoir stack machine achieves zero error, even on test sequences longer than the training data, requiring only a few seconds of training time and 100 training sequences.
description: in print at the Journal Neurocomputing
Past, Present and Future in Teacher Education
Creators: name: McCulloch, G.
Publisher: name: The School of Education and Communities, University of East London
Year: 2018

description: In every edition of Research in Teacher Education we publish a contribution from a guest writer who has links with the Cass School of Education and Communities. In this month’s edition our guest writer is Professor Gary McCulloch. Gary is the inaugural Brian Simon Professor of History of Education, and founding director of the International Centre for Historical Research in Education (ICHRE), at UCL Institute of Education London. He is currently president of the British Educational Research Association (2017-2019) and editor of the British Journal of Educational Studies. His recent publications include Educational Reform Legislation in the 20th Century (ed., 2018), and A Social History of Educational Studies and Research (with Steven Cowan, 2018).