cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
A detailed view on the circumstellar environment of the M-type AGB star EP Aquarii I. High-resolution ALMA and SPHERE observations
Creators: name: Homan, Ward
name: Cannon, Emily
name: Montargès, Miguel
name: Richards, Anita M. S.
name: Millar, Tom J.
name: Decin, Leen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Cool evolved stars are known to be significant contributors to the enrichment of the interstellar medium through their dense and dusty stellar winds. High resolution observations of these outflows have shown them to possess high degrees of morphological complexity. We observed the asymptotic giant branch (AGB) star EP Aquarii with ALMA in band 6 and VLT/SPHERE/ZIMPOL in four filters the visible. Both instruments had an angular resolution of 0.025''. These are follow-up observations to the lower-resolution 2016 ALMA analysis of EP Aquarii, which revealed that its wind possesses a nearly face-on, spiral-harbouring equatorial density enhancement, with a nearly pole-on bi-conical outflow. At the base of the spiral, the SiO emission revealed a distinct emission void approximately 0.4'' to the west of the continuum brightness peak, which was proposed to be linked to the presence of a companion. The new ALMA data better resolve the inner wind and reveal that its morphology as observed in CO is consistent with hydrodynamical companion-induced perturbations. Assuming that photodissociation by the UV-field of the companion is responsible for the emission void in SiO, we deduced the spectral properties of the tentative companion from the size of the hole. We conclude that the most probable companion candidate is a white dwarf with a mass between 0.65 and 0.8 Msol , though a solar-like companion could not be definitively excluded. The radial SiO emission shows periodic, low-amplitude perturbations. We tentatively propose that they could be the consequence of the interaction of the AGB wind with another much closer low-mass companion. The polarised SPHERE/ZIMPOL data show a circular signal surrounding the AGB star with a radius of 0.1''...
description: 24 pages, 25 Figures
DOMINANT FACTORS AFFECTING EMPLOYEE’S WORK DISCIPLINE AT A NEWSPAPER COMPANY IN BANDUNG, INDONESIA
Creators: name: Pangarso, Astadi
name: MAHIR PRADANA
name: Setyorini, Retno
name: Fakhri, Mahendra
name: Sinurat, Freddi P.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 150399 Business and Management not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: 150305 Human Resources Management

description: This study aims to determine the dominant factors that affect the discipline of employees. Quantitative researchwas conducted at PT. Pikiran Rakyat Bandung, Indonesia with 63 respondents. The method used is a factor analysis usingSPSS version 2.2 for Windows. The results of this study stated that the factors that most contribute (dominant) to the disciplineof employees performing work in accordance with the given instructions, employees can adapt to changes in the workprocedures at Pikiran Rakyat, employees work according to established procedures, and mutual respect between employees atPikiran Rakyat.
Hard - X-rays selected Active Galactic Nuclei. I. A radio view at high-frequencies
Creators: name: Chiaraluce, E.
name: Panessa, F.
name: Bruni, G.
name: Baldi, R. D.
name: Behar, E.
name: Vagnetti, F.
name: Tombesi, F.
name: McHardy, I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A thorough study of radio emission in Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN) is of fundamental importance to understand the physical mechanisms responsible for the emission and the interplay between accretion and ejection processes. High frequency radio observations can target the nuclear contribution of smaller emitting regions and are less affected by absorption. We present JVLA 22 and 45 GHz observations of 16 nearby (0.003$\le$z$\le$0.3) hard - X-rays selected AGN at the (sub)-kpc scale with tens uJy beam$^{-1}$ sensitivity. We detected 15/16 sources, with flux densities ranging from hundreds uJy beam$^{-1}$ to tens Jy (specific luminosities from $\sim$10$^{20}$ to $\sim$10$^{25}\,W\,Hz^{-1}$ at 22 GHz). All detected sources host a compact core, with 8 being core-dominated at either frequencies, the others exhibiting also extended structures. Spectral indices range from steep to flat/inverted. We interpret this evidence as either due to a core+jet system (6/15), a core accompanied by surrounding star formation (1/15), to a jet oriented close to the line of sight (3/15), to emission from a corona or the base of a jet (1/15), although there might be degeneracies between different processes. Four sources require more data to shed light on their nature. We conclude that, at these frequencies, extended, optically-thin components are present together with the flat-spectrum core. The ${L_R}/{L_X}\sim10^{-5}$ relation is roughly followed, indicating a possible contribution to radio emission from a hot corona. A weakly significant correlation between radio core (22 and 45 GHz) and X-rays luminosities is discussed in the light of an accretion-ejection framework.
description: Accepted for publication on MNRAS
Pseudo-axions in Little Higgs models
Creators: name: Kilian, W.
name: Rainwater, D.
name: Reuter, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Little Higgs models have an enlarged global symmetry which makes the Higgs boson a pseudo-Goldstone boson. This symmetry typically contains spontaneously broken U(1) subgroups which provide light electroweak-singlet pseudoscalars. Unless such particles are absorbed as the longitudinal component of $Z'$ states, they appear as pseudoscalars in the physical spectrum at the electroweak scale. We outline their significant impact on Little Higgs phenomenology and analyze a few possible signatures at the LHC and other future colliders in detail. In particular, their presence significantly affects the physics of the new heavy quark states predicted in Little Higgs models, and inclusive production at LHC may yield impressive diphoton resonances.
description: 28 pages, 9 figs., accepted to PRD; footnote added, typos corrected
Restrições comerciais ao complexo de soja brasileiro: estudo dos impactos dos subsídios dos Estados Unidos
Creators: name: Besarria, Cassio Da Nobrega
name: Maia, Sinezio Fernandes
name: Besarria, Cassio Da Nobrega
name: Maia, Sinezio Fernandes
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Trade policy
subject: Game theory
subject: Subsidy

description: This study objective at investigating the Brazilian soybean complex in the period 1990 to 2006, using the theoretical model of Brander-Spencer (1984) and the instrument of strategies based on game theory. The methodology used to estimate the payoffs of the game between Brazil and the United States was the model of vector autoregression (VAR). The analysis of oligopoly, this paper will be based on the Cournot model. For the Cournot model firms produce homogeneous goods and each one considers a fixed level of production of its competitor. It was possible to measure and analyze, through non-cooperative games, the strategic decisions of Brazil to the choices facing the United States, highlighting the reaction function for the sector on soya. The results indicate a dominant strategy in the Brazilian case, it appears that the best strategy for Brazil's high production. Since, in case the U.S. does not subsidize their producers, the estimates showed that the rate of growth of Brazilian exports is positive and represents the best choice, independent of the choice of the United States.
Arbitrarily high-order structure-preserving schemes for the Gross-Pitaevskii equation with angular momentum rotation in three dimensions
Creators: name: Cui, Jin
name: Wang, Yushun
name: Jiang, Chaolong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper, we design a novel class of arbitrarily high-order structure-preserving numerical schemes for the time-dependent Gross-Pitaevskii equation with angular momentum rotation in three dimensions. Based on the idea of the scalar auxiliary variable approach which is proposed in the recent papers [J. Comput. Phys., 416 (2018) 353-407 and SIAM Rev., 61(2019) 474-506] for developing energy stable schemes for gradient flow systems, we firstly reformulate the Gross-Pitaevskii equation into an equivalent system with a modified energy conservation law. The reformulated system is then discretized by the Gauss collocation method in time and the standard Fourier pseudo-spectral method in space, respectively. We show that the proposed schemes can preserve the discrete mass and modified energy exactly. Numerical results are addressed to verify the efficiency and high-order accuracy of the proposed schemes.
description: 18pages, 40 figures
Selective inhibition of signal transduction pathways in human CD4⁺ tlymphocytes
Creators: name: Li, Xiaomei
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: We utilized an in vitro T cell activation model to investigate the effect of blocking key signaling pathways downstream of TCR and CD28 molecules by using specific kinase inhibitors. Human peripheral CD4⁺ T cells were stimulated with anti-CD3 mAb (OKT3) and anti-CD28 mAb, inducing T cell proliferation with maximum IL-2 secretion at day 1 and maximum IL-2 receptor a chain (CD25) expression at day 3 of cell activation. MAP or ERK kinase (MEK) inhibitor U0126, p38 MAP kinase inhibitor SB203580, protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitor Bisindolylmaleimide I and phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase (PI3- kinase) inhibitor LY294002 were added to cell cultures. These inhibitors did not induce cell apoptosis and they markedly reduced T cell proliferation as well as IL-2 production and CD25 expression. This inhibition was time and dose dependent and more profound than the effects of cyclosporine. The suppression of CD25 was largely independent of IL- 2. All four inhibitors markedly reduced the binding activity of NF-AT and AP-1 for IL-2 gene transcription. Yet their influence on NF-κB and STAT5 binding activity for CD25 gene transcription was variable. LY294002 markedly reduced NF-κB binding activity, while U0126, SB203580 and LY294002 partially reduced STAT5 binding activity. The combination of the CD28 pathway inhibitor LY294002 with one of the TCR pathway inhibitors further reduced T cell proliferation. The dose relationship study showed that LY294002 worked as an antagonist to the TCR pathway inhibitor at the low end of the scale of inhibition and became more synergistic as T cell inhibition increased. Conclusions: Human CD4⁺ T cells activated through the TCR and CD28 molecules induced cell proliferation with an increase of IL-2 secretion and IL-2 receptor a chain (CD25) expression. Specific inhibitors of the PKC, MEK/ERK, p38 MAP kinase and PI3- kinase pathways caused marked inhibition of T cell proliferation as well as IL-2 and CD25 expression, and indicated that these pathways were important for T cell activation but not essential for IL-2 signaling under TCR/CD28 stimulation. This inhibition occurred at the transcription factor level. These data demonstrated the potential value of these important pathways as future targets for immunosuppressant.
Topological Solitons in Noncommutative Plane and Quantum Hall Skyrmions
Creators: name: Ezawa, Z. F.
name: Tsitsishvili, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze topological solitons in the noncommutative plane by taking a concrete instance of the quantum Hall system with the SU(N) symmetry, where a soliton is identified with a skyrmion. It is shown that a topological soliton induces an excitation of the electron number density from the ground-state value around it. When a judicious choice of the topological charge density $J_{0}(\mathbf{x})$ is made, it acquires a physical reality as the electron density excitation $Δρ^{\text{cl}}(\mathbf{x})$ around a topological soliton, $Δρ^{\text{cl}}(\mathbf{x})=-J_{0}(% \mathbf{x})$. Hence a noncommutative soliton carries necessarily the electric charge proportional to its topological charge. A field-theoretical state is constructed for a soliton state irrespectively of the Hamiltonian. In general it involves an infinitely many parameters. They are fixed by minimizing its energy once the Hamiltonian is chosen. We study explicitly the cases where the system is governed by the hard-core interaction and by the noncommutative CP$^{N-1}$ model, where all these parameters are determined analytically and the soliton excitation energy is obtained.
description: 18 pages (to be published in PRD)
All good things come in threes: the third image of the lensed quasar PKS1830-211
Creators: name: Muller, S.
name: Jaswanth, S.
name: Horellou, C.
name: Marti-Vidal, I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Strong gravitational lensing distorts our view of sources at cosmological distances but brings invaluable constraints on the mass content of foreground objects and on the geometry and properties of the Universe. We report the detection of a third continuum source toward the strongly lensed quasar PKS1830-211 in ALMA multi-frequency observations of high dynamic range and high angular resolution. This third source is point-like and located slightly to the north of the diagonal joining the two main lensed images, A and B, 0.3 arcsec away from image B. It has a flux density that is ~140 times weaker than images A and B and a similar spectral index, compatible with synchrotron emission. We conclude that this source is most likely the expected highly de-magnified third lensed image of the quasar. In addition, we detect, for the first time at millimeter wavelengths, weak and asymmetrical extensions departing from images A and B that correspond to the brightest regions of the Einstein ring seen at centimeter wavelengths. Their spectral index is steeper than that of compact images A, B, and C, which suggests that they arise from a different component of the quasar. Using the GravLens code, we explore the implications of our findings on the lensing model and propose a simple model that accurately reproduces our ALMA data and previous VLA observations. With a more precise and accurate measurement of the time delay between images A and B, the system PKS1830-211 could help to constrain the Hubble constant to a precision of a few percent.
description: accepted for publication in A&A Letter
Akademische Reputationsspiele
Creators: name: Fischer, Georg
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Reputation
Wissenschaftliches Publizieren
Soziologie

description: Präsentation zur Tagung „Reputation ohne Paywall: Wissenschaftliches Publizieren im digitalen Wandel“ https://events.gwdg.de/event/761/overview 

Der Vortrag erörtert Reputation als Verschränkung von Wissenschafts- und Medienpraktiken zur wechselseitigen Aufwertung durch verschiedene Parteien (wie Forschende und Verlage).

Grundsätzlich verstehe ich die Zurechnung von Reputation als Mechanismus zur Konzentration von Aufmerksamkeit, z.B. auf eine wissenschaftliche Publikation. Auch eine Forscherin, ein Institut oder eine Universität kann als mehr oder weniger reputiert gelten. Reputation wird erst virulent, wenn es ein Konkurrenzfeld, einen Markt gibt, aus dem ein Kandidat – oftmals unter Bedingungen knapper Ressourcen – ausgewählt werden muss. So können Forschende immer nur einen Artikel zur gleichen Zeit lesen, auf einen Lehrstuhl kann nur eine Person berufen werden usw. Die Zurechnung von Reputation unterstützt die Entscheidungsfindung, indem sie einen Kandidaten vorteilhaft aus dem Konkurrenzfeld hervortreten lässt – und zwar oftmals im Vorhinein, also ohne dass seine Leistung also solche bereits begutachtet ist. Reputation in diesem Sinne ist als Vertrauensvorschuss zu verstehen.

Wie können Forschende diesen Vertrauensvorschuss, von dem so viel abhängt, aufbauen? Besonders in den buchgetriebenen Geistes- und Sozialwissenschaften sehe ich die wesentliche Strategie darin, eine Nähe zu bereits Anerkanntem herauszustreichen oder zumindest zu suggerieren, etwa zu etablierten Forschenden oder intellektuellen Linien, Verlagen oder Institutionen. Das soll helfen, implizit oder explizit im Zusammenhang mit bereits erbrachten Leistungen aus der Vergangenheit gesehen zu werden. Die Wissenschaft als typischer Arbeitgebermarkt begünstigt es, Reputation als Indikator und Legitimation für Entscheidungen heranzuziehen. Auf relativ wenige attraktive (unbefristete) Stellen kommen üblicherweise zahlreiche Aspirantinnen. Noch verschärfter dürfte die Situation im Publikationswesen sein, wo unbewältigbare Mengen an Publikationen um die Aufmerksamkeit der Lesenden buhlen.

Reputation muss fortlaufend generiert, vermehrt und verwaltet werden. Dahinter steht ein Wechselspiel, bei dem sich die verschiedenen Parteien gegenseitig aufwerten. Im Vortrag möchte ich dieses Wechselspiel und die oftmals nur implizit anleitenden Prinzipien beispielhaft erläutern, etwa wenn ein Verlag eine neue Reihe etablieren will. Üblicherweise werden dafür etablierte Forschende als „Zugpferde“ eingespannt, die einerseits das intellektuelle Profil der Reihe nach Außen hin vertreten, andererseits für den Zugang von Publikationen sorgen (etwa durch betreute Dissertationen).
Propagation of a magnetic domain wall in magnetic wires with asymmetric notches
Creators: name: Himeno, A.
name: Okuno, T.
name: Kasai, S.
name: Ono, T.
name: Nasu, S.
name: Mibu, K.
name: Shinjo, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The propagation of a magnetic domain wall (DW) in a submicron magnetic wire consisting of a magnetic/nonmagnetic/magnetic trilayered structure with asymmetric notches was investigated by utilizing the giant magnetoresistance effect. The propagation direction of a DW was controlled by a pulsed local magnetic field, which nucleates the DW at one of the two ends of the wire. It was found that the depinning field of the DW from the notch depends on the propagation direction of the DW.
description: 12 pages, 3 figures
Public-channel cryptography using chaos synchronization
Creators: name: Klein, Einat
name: Mislovaty, Rachel
name: Kanter, Ido
name: Kinzel, Wolfgang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a key-exchange protocol that comprises two parties with chaotic dynamics that are mutually coupled and undergo a synchronization process, at the end of which they can use their identical dynamical state as an encryption key. The transferred coupling-signals are based non-linearly on time-delayed states of the parties, and therefore they conceal the parties' current state and can be transferred over a public channel. Synchronization time is linear in the number of synchronized digits alpha, while the probability for an attacker to synchronize with the parties drops exponentially with alpha. To achieve security with finite alpha we use a network.
description: 4 figures
Der Wechsel vom konventionellen zum ökologischen Landbau: Eine investitionstheoretische Betrachtung
Creators: name: Odening, Martin
name: Musshoff, Oliver
name: Utesch, Volker
name: Odening, Martin
name: Musshoff, Oliver
name: Utesch, Volker
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Farm Management
subject: organic farming
subject: real options
subject: switching regression
subject: hysteresis

description: The objective of this paper is to explore the potential of the real options approach for analyzing farmers’ choice to switch from conventional to organic farming. Understanding the determinants of this decision is relevant in particular for agricultural policy makers when predicting the response of farmers to support programs. After a brief review of the existing literature on barriers to the adoption of organic farming a theoretical model is presented that allows one to incorporate two main features of the adoption decision, namely irreversibility and uncertainty of the returns. The real options model quantifies investment multiples that trigger the adoption of organic farming. Compared with neoclassical models it suggests an inertia of the respective farming type, i.e. economic hysteresis. In order to find some empirical evidence for that hypothesis we utilize a switching regression model has originally been developed to test for market integration. The econometric model is then applied to aggregated data of conventional and organic farms in Germany and Austria spanning the period from 1982 until 2002. The empirical analysis confirms the reluctance to adopt organic farming due to option-like effects. We conclude that the incentives for adoption of organic farming (e.g. higher prices, direct payments or income stabilization) have to be increased if a higher share of this production type seems desirable.
Handels- und Budgeteffekte der WTO-Agrarverhandlungen in der Doha-Runde: Der revidierte Harbinson-Vorschlag
Creators: name: Brockmeier, Martina
name: Salamon, Petra
name: Brockmeier, Martina
name: Salamon, Petra
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: WTO negotiations
subject: Doha Round
subject: Harbinson paper
subject: GTAP model
subject: agricultural trade
subject: EU budget

description: A great deal of attention is currently being paid to the discussion of the reform of global agricultural trade. In this paper, the effects of the revised Harbinson paper (March 2003) are analysed with an extensively extended GTAP model. With the help of a base run, projections are implemented in the form of economic developments as well as already enacted EU policy reforms and measures (Agenda 2000, Mid-Term Review, EU enlargement, EBA agreement) from 1997 to 2014. The base run is compared with a scenario simulating the Doha Round of the WTO based on the revised draft of the Harbinson proposal. The difference between the base run and the model scenario provides information on the effects on EU trade and budget. The revised Harbinson paper leads to a particularly negative development in the trade balances and production quantities for the agricultural and food sectors of the EU-27, which are supported with high import duties, export subsidies and direct payments. Significant effects could be seen particularly in the cases processed food, beef, fruits and vegetables, other cereals and oils and fats. A decomposition of the total effects of the implementation of the Harbinson paper provides detailed insights in the effects resulting from the changes in the complex protection structure of the CAP. The implementation of the Doha Round of the WTO negotiations leads to a reduction in expenses for agricultural market policy of the CAP, caused especially by the production related reduction in direct payments and the complete dismantling of export subsidies.
Achieving High Throughput and Elasticity in a Larger-than-Memory Store
Creators: name: Kulkarni, Chinmay
name: Chandramouli, Badrish
name: Stutsman, Ryan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: Databases (cs.DB)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Millions of sensors, mobile applications and machines now generate billions of events. Specialized many-core key-value stores (KVSs) can ingest and index these events at high rates (over 100 Mops/s on one machine) if events are generated on the same machine; however, to be practical and cost-effective they must ingest events over the network and scale across cloud resources elastically. We present Shadowfax, a new distributed KVS based on FASTER, that transparently spans DRAM, SSDs, and cloud blob storage while serving 130 Mops/s/VM over commodity Azure VMs using conventional Linux TCP. Beyond high single-VM performance, Shadowfax uses a unique approach to distributed reconfiguration that avoids any server-side key ownership checks or cross-core coordination both during normal operation and migration. Hence, Shadowfax can shift load in 17 s to improve system throughput by 10 Mops/s with little disruption. Compared to the state-of-the-art, it has 8x better throughput (than Seastar+memcached) and avoids costly I/O to move cold data during migration. On 12 machines, Shadowfax retains its high throughput to perform 930 Mops/s, which, to the best of our knowledge, is the highest reported throughput for a distributed KVS used for large-scale data ingestion and indexing.
Harnessing Large Datasets for Large Language Models
Creators: name: D'Souza, Jennifer
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Generative AI
subject: Artificial intelligence
subject: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Natural language processing
subject: Large Language Models

description: In this presentation, I visit a series of LLMs specifically those whose pre-training datasets have moved the needle in obtaining efficient downstream LLMs. Thus the talk sheds light on the technology of LLMs w.r.t. notable pretraining datasets introduced. Models discussed are the Encoder-Decoder T5 model, the Encoder-only BERT model, and the Decoder-only models, specifically GPT-1, GPT-2, GPT-3, GPT-J, LLaMA, and Falcon. In the context of these models, notable pre-training datasets discussed include: C4, BooksCorpus, WebText, the Pile, and the RefinedWeb.
New HST data and modeling reveal a massive planetesimal collision around Fomalhaut
Creators: name: Gaspar, Andras
name: Rieke, George H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The apparent detection of an exoplanet orbiting Fomalhaut was announced in 2008. However, subsequent observations of Fomalhaut b raised questions about its status: Unlike other exoplanets, it is bright in the optical and nondetected in the infrared, and its orbit appears to cross the debris ring around the star without the expected gravitational perturbations. We revisit previously published data and analyze additional Hubble Space Telescope (HST) data, finding that the source is likely on a radial trajectory and has faded and become extended. Dynamical and collisional modeling of a recently produced dust cloud yields results consistent with the observations. Fomalhaut b appears to be a directly imaged catastrophic collision between two large planetesimals in an extrasolar planetary system. Similar events should be very rare in quiescent planetary systems of the age of Fomalhaut, suggesting that we are possibly witnessing the effects of gravitational stirring due to the orbital evolution of hypothetical planet(s) around the star.
description: 12 pages, 9 figures, accepted to PNAS
Constraining the curvature density parameter in cosmology
Creators: name: Mukherjee, Purba
name: Banerjee, Narayan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The cosmic curvature density parameter has been constrained in the present work independent of any background cosmological model. The reconstruction is performed adopting the non-parametric Gaussian Processes (GP). The constraints on $Ω_{k0}$ are obtained via a Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) analysis. Late-time cosmological probes viz., the Supernova (SN) distance modulus data, the Cosmic Chronometer (CC) and the radial Baryon Acoustic Oscillations ($r$BAO) measurements of the Hubble data have been utilized for this purpose. The results are further combined with the data from redshift space distortions (RSD) which studies the growth of large scale structure in the universe. The only \textit{a priori} assumption is that the universe is homogeneous and isotropic, described by the FLRW metric. Results indicate that a spatially flat universe is well consistent in 2$σ$ within the domain of reconstruction $0
description: 16 pages, 8 sets of figures, Accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. D
The various accretion modes of AM Herculis: Clues from multi-wavelength observations in high accretion states
Creators: name: Schwope, A. D.
name: Worpel, H.
name: Traulsen, I.
name: Sablowski, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on XMM-Newton and NuSTAR X-ray observations of the prototypical polar, AM Herculis, supported by ground-based photometry and spectroscopy, all obtained in high accretion states. In 2005, AM Herculis was in its regular mode of accretion, showing a self-eclipse of the main accreting pole. X-ray emission during the self-eclipse was assigned to a second pole through its soft X-ray emission and not to scattering. In 2015, AM Herculis was in its reversed mode with strong soft blobby accretion at the far accretion region. The blobby acretion region was more luminous than the other, persistently accreting, therefore called main region. Hard X-rays from the main region did not show a self-eclipse indicating a pronounced migration of the accretion footpoint. Extended phases of soft X-ray extinction through absorption in interbinary matter were observed for the first time in AM Herculis. The spectral parameters of a large number of individual soft flares could be derived. Simultaneous NuSTAR observations in the reversed mode of accretion revealed clear evidence for Compton reflection of radiation from the main pole at the white dwarf surface. This picture is supported by the trace of the Fe resonance line at 6.4 keV through the whole orbit. Highly ionized oxygen lines observed with the Reflection Grating Spectrometer (RGS) were tentatively located at the bottom of the accretion column, although the implied densities are quite different from expectations. In the regular mode of accretion, the phase-dependent modulations in the ultraviolet (UV) are explained with projection effects of an accretion-heated spot at the prime pole. In the reversed mode projection effects cannot be recognized. The light curves reveal an extra source of UV radiation and extended UV absorbing dips. An Ha Doppler map obtained contemporaneously (abstract abridged)
description: Accepted for publication in A&A, 21 pages, 21 figures
Untitled Item
Creators: name: Pangarso, Astadi
name: MAHIR PRADANA
name: Arry Widodo
name: K.D.B Putera
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 150399 Business and Management not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: 150305 Human Resources Management

description: Based on a preliminary study of eightrespondents obtained the findings which quantitatively thedata shown that are still not meet the ideal value of theemployees' happiness. The purpose of this study are todetermine and analyze what factors of SDP programemployees happiness for at Bank BTN Branch HarmoniJakarta using factor analysis method. This type of researchis contextual confirmatory descriptive and quantitative,population in this study were employees of the SDP totaling66 people at Bank BTN Branch Jakarta Harmoni. Thesampling technique used in this study is nonprobabilitysampling techniques with incidental sampling type. Researchshows the amount contributed five factors formed is65.453% means the five factors will support the happinessfor SDP program Bank BTN’s Harmoni Branch Jakartaemployees. Those five SDP program employees happinessfactors of BTN Harmoni branch, Jakarta are leadership,work relationship, work motivation, work skills dan workenvironment.
Constraining the Equation of State with Moment of Inertia Measurements
Creators: name: Lattimer, James M.
name: Schutz, Bernard F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We estimate that the moment of inertia of star A in the recently discovered double pulsar system PSR J0737-3039 may be determined after a few years of observation to something like 10% accuracy. This would enable accurate estimates of the radius of the star and the presure of matter in the vicinity of 1 to 2 times the nuclear saturation density, which would in turn provide strong constraints on the equation of state of neutron stars and the physics of their interiors.
description: Submitted to ApJ, 4 figures
Optimierung unter Unsicherheit mit Hilfe stochastischer Simulation und Genetischer Algorithmen – dargestellt anhand der Optimierung des Produktionsprogramms eines Brandenburger Marktfruchtbetriebes
Creators: name: Musshoff, Oliver
name: Hirschauer, Norbert
name: Musshoff, Oliver
name: Hirschauer, Norbert
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Farm Management
subject: Risk and Uncertainty
subject: optimization
subject: optimal production program
subject: stochastic simulation
subject: genetic algorithms
subject: uncertainty
subject: stochastic processes

description: Optimization has been recognized as a powerful tool in teaching and research for a long time. In spite of its well known problem solving capacity, some methodological obstacles have persisted over the years. The main problem is that stochastic variables and their correlations cannot be adequately accounted for within traditional optimization procedures. In this paper, we develop a methodological mix of stochastic simulation and a heuristic optimization procedure which has become known as genetic algorithms. The simulation part of the mix allows for the consideration of complex information such as stochastic processes; the genetic algorithms-part ensures that the method remains manageable in terms of required time and resources. We demonstrate the decision support potential of the approach by optimizing the production program of a Brandenburg crop farm. We account for the risky environment by using existing stochastic information: on the one hand, we model man-days which are available in critical seasons (particularly harvesting) as triangular distributions according to expert estimations. On the other hand, we use empirical time series and estimate stochastic processes for the gross margins of different activities (wheat, barley etc.). Additionally, variant calculations are made in order to take into account different risk attitudes of decision-makers. Model results in terms of optimal production programs and expected total gross margins are highly sensitive both to the risk attitudes of decision-makers and the stochastic processes which are estimated for different activities.
Marktintegration ohne Gemeinsame Agrarpolitik: Auswirkungen einer Einbeziehung von Agrarprodukten in die Zollunion mit der EU auf den türkischen Agrarsektor
Creators: name: Grethe, Harald
name: Grethe, Harald
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Turkey
subject: customs union
subject: integration of agricultural markets
subject: CAP
subject: agricultural sector model

description: Turkey entered a customs union (CU) with the EU in January 1996. Agricultural trade is not covered by this CU but it is subject to extensive preferential trade rules. In this article, the effects of an inclusion of agricultural products in the CU as well as alternative policy options on the Turkish agricultural sector are analysed. To this aim, a comparative-static, partial equilibrium model of the Turkish agricultural sector is developed. The complete liberalization of the agricultural sector is found to lead to significant comparative static welfare gains of about €670 million as compared to the status quo. It appears that for most products, with few but significant exceptions, the inclusion of agriculture in the CU with the EU is very similar to the complete liberalization of agricultural trade.
Transformation of Multimedia Teaching and Learning in Islamic Education: A Discussion (Transformasi Pengajaran dan Pembelajaran Multimedia dalam Pendidikan Islam: Satu Perbincangan)
Creators: name: Nawi, Muhammad Zulazizi Mohd
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 200102 Communication Technology and Digital Media Studies
subject: FOS: Media and communications

description: This article discusses a study that explores the transformation of teaching and learning approaches through multimedia technology to ensure that it is the main agenda in Islamic education. This need exists because the approach taken is significant and appropriate in line with 21st Century Education (PAK21) which focuses on building skills including communication skills, 4M skills (reading, counting, writing, and reasoning), science skill and design technology skill, interpersonal and intrapersonal skills and so on. This approach is also believed to provide opportunities for students to study Islamic education more comprehensively. Hopefully, teachers can also be leaders in change, holistic thinkers, and catalyst for the success of the country's education system besides playing a key role in guiding students to increase student engagement in learning activities.
A Cluster of 1.3 cm Continuum Sources in OMC1 South
Creators: name: Zapata, Luis A.
name: Rodriguez, Luis F.
name: Kurtz, Stanley E.
name: O'Dell, C. R.
name: Ho, Paul T. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present sensitive 1.3 cm radio continuum observations of the region OMC1 South (OMC-1S) in Orion using the Very Large Array in its B configuration. We detect eleven radio sources clustered in a $30{''} \times 30{''}$ region, of which only three had been detected previously at radio wavelengths in deep 3.6 cm observations. The eight new radio sources are compact ($θ_s \leq 0\rlap.{''}1$) and we set lower limits to their spectral indices, $α> 0.8 \pm 0.3$ (with $S_ν\propto ν^α$), that suggest that they may be optically-thick H II regions. However, one of the new sources exhibits significant circular polarization, indicating that gyrosynchrotron emission with large positive spectral indices may be an alternative explanation. Furthermore, we find that four other sources are associated with infrared sources of low bolometric luminosity that cannot drive an H II region. Finally, two of the sources previously detected at 3.6-cm are angularly resolved in the 1.3 cm image and their major axes have position angles that align well with large scale outflows emanating from OMC-1S. The radio source 143-353 has a major axis with a position angle consistent with those of the HH 202 and HH 528 flows, while the radio source 134-411 has a major axis with a position angle consistent with that of the low-velocity molecular outflow associated with the far-infrared source FIR~4.
description: 13 pages, 3 figures
An enhanced distributed channel access deficit round-robin (EDRR) scheme for IEEE 802.11E wireless networks
Creators: name: Powell, Casey
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: IEEE 802.11 wireless local area network (WLAN) is the most popular and most widely deployed WLAN technology in the world. From large enterprise environments to the everyday home user, 802.11 networks are becoming almost as ubiquitous as wired Ethernet. With the explosion in use of wireless networks comes the increasing demand for them to support the latest technologies. Bandwidth intensive and latency-sensitive applications such as VoIP and streaming video are enjoying huge growth in industry, leading to the requirement that 802.11 WLANs should provide quality of service for these applications. Development of mechanisms for supporting quality of service at the medium access control layer in IEEE 802.11 WLANs is therefore an issue that is at the forefront of the research community. Task Group E of the 802.11 standards committee is working on a standard that adds quality of service enhancements in the 802.11 MAC layer. They do so by using traffic flows and prioritizing traffic according to what type of application it belongs to. There are, however, some weaknesses in the design that is currendy being proposed by the 802.11 standards committee. In this thesis we propose several enhancements to the IEEE 802.1 le draft standard that will provide improved quality of service for all traffic priorities, whether high or low. Through simulation and analytical investigation, we are able to show that we can do so without negatively affecting the performance of any of the wireless stations in the network or the traffic flows that they contain. We then conclude that our proposed scheme provides an attractive for enhancing the IEEE 802.1 le standard.
Enhancing the Superconducting Transition Temperature in the Absence of Spin Correlations in Heavy Fermion Compound CeIrIn$_5$
Creators: name: Kawasaki, Shinji
name: Zheng, Guo-qing
name: Kan, Hiroki
name: Kitaoka, Yoshio
name: Shishido, Hiroaki
name: Ōnuki, Yoshichika
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on a pressure($P$)-induced evolution of superconductivity and spin correlations in CeIrIn$_5$ via the $^{115}$In nuclear-spin-lattice-relaxation rate measurements. We find that applying pressure suppresses dramatically the antiferromagnetic fluctuations that are strong at ambient pressure. At $P$ = 2.1 GPa, $T_{\rm c}$ increases to $T_{\rm c}$ = 0.8 K that is twice $T_{\rm c}$($P$ = 0 GPa), in the background of Fermi liquid state. This is in sharp contrast with the previous case in which negative, chemical pressure (replacing Ir with Rh) enhances magnetic interaction and increases $T_{\rm c}$. Our results suggest that multiple mechanisms work to produce superconductivity in the same compound CeIrIn$_5$.
description: 4pages, 4figures, accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. Lett
Nonsymmorphic nodal-line metals in the two-dimensional rare earth monochalcogenides MX (M = Sc, Y; X = S, Se, Te)
Creators: name: Guo, Hao
name: Zhao, Jianzhou
name: Chen, Cong
name: Li, Si
name: Jiang, Wentao
name: Tian, Xiaobao
name: Yang, Shengyuan A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We predict a new family of two-dimensional (2D) rare earth monochalcogenide materials MX (M = Sc, Y; X = S, Se, Te). Based on first-principles calculations, we confirm their stability and systematically investigate their mechanical properties. We find that these materials are metallic and interestingly, they possess nodal lines in the low-energy band structure surrounding the whole Brillouin zone, protected by nonsymmorphic crystal symmetries in the absence of spin-orbit coupling (SOC). SOC opens small energy gaps at the nodal line, except for two high-symmetry points, at which fourfold degenerate 2D spin-orbit Dirac points are obtained. We show that these topological band features are robust under uniaxial and biaxial strains, but can be lifted by the shear strain. We also investigate the optical conductivities of these materials, and show that the transformation of the band structure under strain can be inferred from the optical absorption spectrum. Our work reveals a new family of 2D topological metal materials with interesting mechanical and electronic properties, which will facilitate the study of nonsymmorphic symmetry enabled nodal features in 2D.
description: 15 pages, 4 figures
Best practices for differential accessibility analysis in single-cell epigenomics [Registered Report Stage 1 Procotol]
Creators: name: Teo, Alan Yue Yang
name: Squair, Jordan W.
name: Courtine, Grégoire
name: Skinnider, Michael
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biological Techniques
Biotechnology
Computational Biology
Genomics
Epigenetics (incl. Genome Methylation and Epigenomics)

description: ABSTRACT: Differential accessibility (DA) analysis of single-cell epigenomics data enables the discovery of regulatory programs that establish cell type identity and steer responses to physiological and pathophysiological perturbations. While many statistical methods to identify DA regions have been developed, the principles that determine the performance of these methods remain unclear. As a result, there is no consensus on the most appropriate statistical methods for DA analysis of single-cell epigenomics data. Here, we propose to conduct a systematic evaluation of every statistical method that has been applied to identify DA regions in single-cell ATAC-seq (scATAC-seq) data. We will leverage a compendium of scATAC-seq experiments with matching bulk ATAC-seq or scRNA-seq in order to assess the accuracy, bias, robustness, and scalability of each statistical method. The structure of our experiments will also provide the opportunity to define best practices for the analysis of scATAC-seq data beyond DA itself. We will leverage this understanding to develop an R package implementing these best practices. Collectively, this work will help move the field towards consensus in the analysis of scATAC-seq data.

ITEMS:  Stage 1 Registered Report Protocol, Stage 1 Registered Report Supplementary Information