cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Pinhole-seeded lateral epitaxy and exfoliation of GaSb films on graphene-terminated surfaces
Creators: name: Manzo, Sebastian
name: Strohbeen, Patrick J.
name: Lim, Zheng-Hui
name: Saraswat, Vivek
name: Arnold, Michael S.
name: Kawasaki, Jason K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Remote epitaxy is a promising approach for synthesizing exfoliatable crystalline membranes and enabling epitaxy of materials with large lattice mismatch. However, the atomic scale mechanisms for remote epitaxy remain unclear. Here we experimentally demonstrate that GaSb films grow on graphene-terminated GaSb (001) via a seeded lateral epitaxy mechanism, in which pinhole defects in the graphene serve as selective nucleation sites, followed by lateral epitaxy and coalescence into a continuous film. Remote interactions are not necessary in order to explain the growth. Importantly, the small size of the pinholes permits exfoliation of continuous, free-standing GaSb membranes. Due to the chemical similarity between GaSb and other III-V materials, we anticipate this mechanism to apply more generally to other materials. By combining molecular beam epitaxy with \textit{in-situ} electron diffraction and photoemission, plus \textit{ex-situ} atomic force microscopy and Raman spectroscopy, we track the graphene defect generation and GaSb growth evolution a few monolayers at a time. Our results show that the controlled introduction of nanoscale openings in graphene provides a powerful route towards tuning the growth and properties of epitaxial films and membranes on 2D materials.
Imaging electron dynamics with time- and angle-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy
Creators: name: Popova-Gorelova, Daria
name: Küpper, Jochen
name: Santra, Robin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We theoretically study how time- and angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy can be applied for imaging coherent electron dynamics in molecules. We consider a process in which a pump pulse triggers coherent electronic dynamics in a molecule by creating a valence electron hole. An ultrashort extreme ultraviolet (XUV) probe pulse creates a second electron hole in the molecule. Information about the electron dynamics is accessed by analyzing angular distributions of photoemission probabilities at a fixed photoelectron energy. We demonstrate that a rigorous theoretical analysis, which takes into account the indistinguishability of transitions induced by the ultrashort, broadband probe pulse and electron hole correlation effects, is necessary for the interpretation of time- and angle-resolved photoelectron spectra. We show how a Fourier analysis of time- and angle-resolved photoelectron spectra from a molecule can be applied to follow its electron dynamics by considering photoelectron distributions from an indole molecular cation with coherent electron dynamics.
Remarks on the Graovac-Ghorbani index of bipartite graphs
Creators: name: Dimitrov, Darko
name: Ikica, Barbara
name: Škrekovski, Riste
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05C35, 05C75, 94C15, 92E10

description: The atom-bond connectivity (ABC) index is a well-known degree-based molecular structure descriptor with a variety of chemical applications. In 2010 Graovac and Ghorbani introduced a distance-based analog of this index, the Graovac-Ghorbani (GG) index, which yielded promising results when compared to analogous descriptors. In this paper, we investigate the structure of graphs that maximize and minimize the GG index. Specifically, we show that amongst all bipartite graphs, the minimum GG index is attained by a complete bipartite graph, while the maximum GG index is attained by a path or a cycle-like graph; the structure of the resulting graph depends on the number of vertices. Through the course of the research, we also derive an asymptotic estimate of the GG index of paths. In order to obtain our results, we introduce a normalized version of the GG index and call it the normalized Graovac-Ghorbani (NGG) index. Finally, we discuss some related open questions as a potential extension of our work.
The structure of amorphous two-dimensional materials: Elemental monolayer amorphous carbon versus binary monolayer amorphous boron nitride
Creators: name: Zhang, Yu-Tian
name: Wang, Yun-Peng
name: Zhang, Xianli
name: Zhang, Yu-Yang
name: Du, Shixuan
name: Pantelides, Sokrates T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The structure of amorphous materials has been debated since the 1930's as a binary question: amorphous materials are either Zachariasen continuous random networks (Z-CRNs) or Z-CRNs containing crystallites. It was recently demonstrated, however, that amorphous diamond can be synthesized in either form. Here we address the question of the structure of single-atom-thick amorphous monolayers. We reanalyze the results of prior simulations for amorphous graphene and report kinetic Monte Carlo simulations based on alternative algorithms. We find that crystallite-containing Z-CRN is the favored structure of elemental amorphous graphene, as recently fabricated, whereas the most likely structure of binary monolayer amorphous BN is altogether different than either of the two long-debated options: it is a compositionally disordered "pseudo-CRN" comprising a mix of B-N and noncanonical B-B and N-N bonds and containing "pseudocrystallites", namely honeycomb regions made of noncanonical hexagons. Implications for other non-elemental 2D and bulk amorphous materials are discussed.
description: 4 figures; with Supplemental Materials
Non-parametric Semi-Supervised Learning in Many-body Hilbert Space with Rescaled Logarithmic Fidelity
Creators: name: Li, Wei-Ming
name: Ran, Shi-Ju
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In quantum and quantum-inspired machine learning, the very first step is to embed the data in quantum space known as Hilbert space. Developing quantum kernel function (QKF), which defines the distances among the samples in the Hilbert space, belongs to the fundamental topics for machine learning. In this work, we propose the rescaled logarithmic fidelity (RLF) and non-parametric semi-supervised learning in the quantum space, which we name as RLF-NSSL. The rescaling takes advantage of the non-linearity of the kernel to tune the mutual distances of samples in the Hilbert space, and meanwhile avoids the exponentially-small fidelities between quantum many-qubit states. Being non-parametric excludes the possible effects from the variational parameters, and evidently demonstrates the advantages from the space itself. We compare RLF-NSSL with several well-known non-parametric algorithms including naive Bayes classifiers, k-nearest neighbors, and spectral clustering. Our method exhibits better accuracy particularly for the unsupervised case with no labeled samples and the few-shot cases with small numbers of labeled samples. With the visualizations by t-stochastic neighbor embedding, our results imply that the machine learning in the Hilbert space complies with the principles of maximal coding rate reduction, where the low-dimensional data exhibit within-class compressibility, between-class discrimination, and overall diversity. Our proposals can be applied to other quantum and quantum-inspired machine learning, including the methods using the parametric models such as tensor networks, quantum circuits, and quantum neural networks.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures
Magnetic chitosan microspheres for the removal of methyl violet 2B from aqueous solutions
Creators: name: Torezan, Luciane
name: Bortoluz, Jordana
name: Guerra, Nayrim Brizuela
name: Ferrarini, Fabrício
name: Bonetto, Luis Rafael
name: da Silva Teixeira, Cristiano
name: da Silva Crespo, Janaina
name: Giovanela, Marcelo
name: Carli, Larissa Nardini
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: This work aimed to evaluate the adsorption capacity of magnetic chitosan microspheres for the removal of methyl violet (MV) 2B dye. For this purpose, magnetite was prepared by chemical precipitation of iron salts in alkaline medium and incorporated to chitosan microspheres which were obtained by the suspension cross-linking technique. The influence of the experimental parameters, such as adsorbent dosage (0.05 to 0.25 g), stirring frequency (100 to 800 rpm), pH (2.0 to 12.0), initial dye concentration (30 to 90 mg L−1), and contact time (5 to 480 min), as well as the equilibrium, kinetics and thermodynamics were also evaluated. Furthermore, five isotherm models and three kinetic models were tested to analyze the experimental data. The results evidenced that the equilibrium was better described by the Langmuir isotherm (qm = 128.84 mg g−1), although the statistical Fisher's test showed that other models could also be applied to describe the experimental results. Kinetics studies showed that the adsorption followed the pseudo-second order model with a significant difference between the tested models and that the adsorption process involves more than one sorption rate. It was also found that the adsorption of MV 2B dye onto magnetic chitosan microspheres was an exothermic (ΔH°ads = −1.70 kJ mol−1) and spontaneous (ΔG°ads = −3.96 kJ mol−1) process. Finally, it can be concluded that the magnetic chitosan microspheres constituted an efficient and inexpensive material for the removal of the MV 2B dye from aqueous solutions.
Preparation of iron-loaded water-in-oil-in-water (W1/O/W2) double emulsions: optimization using response surface methodology
Creators: name: Saffarionpour, Shima
name: Diosady, Levente L.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Hematology

description: Iron deficiency anemia is a major public health problem caused by low iron intake or bioavailability. To overcome the problem of anemia, iron fortification of a variety of food products is being tested worldwide. Ferric sodium EDTA is a desirable iron source for food fortification due to its high bioavailability and ability to prevent binding of iron to phytates during absorption. This study investigated the application of double emulsions for encapsulation and controlled delivery of ferric sodium EDTA stabilized by the lipophilic Span®80 and hydrophilic complex of sodium alginate and sodium caseinate emulsifiers. The influence of factors such as the ratio of internal water to the oil phase, concentrations of alginate or Span®80 and the ratio of water-in-oil emulsion to the external water on internal (din) and external emulsion droplet sizes (dout) was studied by response surface methodology. The feasible range for selection of factors for achieving target values of din and dout was proposed by the response optimizer confirmed by the results of experiments. The results indicate that double emulsion systems may be useful for iron fortification of food products.
Reconstruction of multiple Compton scattering events in MeV gamma-ray Compton telescopes towards GRAMS: the physics-based probabilistic model
Creators: name: Yoneda, Hiroki
name: Odaka, Hirokazu
name: Ichinohe, Yuto
name: Takashima, Satoshi
name: Aramaki, Tsuguo
name: Aoyama, Kazutaka
name: Asaadi, Jonathan
name: Fabris, Lorenzo
name: Inoue, Yoshiyuki
name: Karagiorgi, Georgia
name: Khangulyan, Dmitry
name: Kimura, Masato
name: Leyva, Jonathan
name: Mukherjee, Reshmi
name: Nakasone, Taichi
name: Perez, Kerstin
name: Sakurai, Mayu
name: Seligman, William
name: Tanaka, Masashi
name: Tsuji, Naomi
name: Yorita, Kohei
name: Zeng, Jiancheng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Aimed at progress in mega-electron volt (MeV) gamma-ray astronomy, which has not yet been well-explored, Compton telescope missions with a variety of detector concepts have been proposed so far. One of the key techniques for these future missions is an event reconstruction algorithm that is able to determine the scattering orders of multiple Compton scattering events and to identify events in which gamma rays escape from the detectors before they deposit all of their energies. We revisit previous event reconstruction methods and propose a modified algorithm based on a probabilistic method. First, we present a general formalism of the probabilistic model of Compton scattering describing physical interactions inside the detector and measurement processes. Then, we also introduce several approximations in the calculation of the probability functions for efficient computation. For validation, the developed algorithm has been applied to simulation data of a Compton telescope using a liquid argon time projection chamber, which is a new type of Compton telescope proposed for the GRAMS project. We have confirmed that it works successfully for up to 8-hit events, including correction of incoming gamma-ray energies for escape events. The proposed algorithm can be used for next-generation MeV gamma-ray missions featured by large-volume detectors, e.g., GRAMS.
description: 28 pages, 26 figures, accepted for publication in Astroparticle Physics
Preparation and performance of a chelating anionic foaming agent
Creators: name: Li, Junliang
name: Zheng, Cunchuan
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Physiology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: In this article, a chelating anionic foaming agent(SDPN) was prepared by the aminolysis reaction of sodium fatty acid methyl ester sulfonate and N, N'-Dimethyl-1,3-propyldiamine. The prepared SDPN was structurally characterized by FTIR and 1H NMR, which proved the successful preparation of the product. The critical micelle concentration of SDPN was 2.3 × 10−3mol/L and the surface tension was 30.15 mN/m. The effects of temperature, salinity, pH, etc. on the foam height and liquid carrying capacity of SDPN were studied. The results showed that the initial, 3 min and 5 min foam heights and liquid carrying capacity were used as indicators, and the foam height and liquid carrying capacity could reach 155 mm and 140 mL at a temperature of 90 °C, 200000 mg/L of sodium chloride, and 4000 mg/L of calcium chloride at a mass concentration of 0.5% SDPN. Comparing SDPN with some commonly used anionic foaming agents under the same conditions, it is concluded that SDPN is good in both foaming performance and liquid carrying performance. Finally, the effect of different concentrations and mineralization degrees on the microscopic morphology of the foam was observed by polarized light microscopy, and it was concluded that the diameter of the foam varied less and was evenly distributed and stable when the SDPN was added at a mass concentration of 0.5% and mineralization degree of 204000 mg/L.
Quantum conditional probabilities
Creators: name: Pérez, Ignacio
name: Luis, Alfredo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the consistency of conditional quantum probabilities. This is whether there is compatibility between the Kolmogorov-Bayes conditional probabilities and the Born rule. We show that they are not compatible in the sense that there are situations where there is no legitimate density matrix that may reproduce the conditional statistics of the other observable via the Born rule. This is to say that the Gleason theorem does not apply to conditional probabilities. Moreover, we show that when this occurs the joint statistics is nonclassical. We show that conditional probabilities are not equivalent to state reduction, so these results do not affect the validity of the Lüders expression.
description: 16 pages, No figures
The $L^p$-continuity of wave operators for higher order Schrödinger operators
Creators: name: Erdogan, M. Burak
name: Green, William
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We consider the higher order Schrödinger operator $H=(-Δ)^m+V(x)$ in $n$ dimensions with real-valued potential $V$ when $n>2m$, $m\in \mathbb N$, $m>1$. When $n$ is odd, we prove that the wave operators extend to bounded operators on $L^p(\mathbb R^n)$ for all $1\leq p\leq\infty$ under $n$ and $m$ dependent conditions on the potential analogous to the case when $m=1$. Further, if $V$ is small in certain norms, that depend $n$ and $m$, the wave operators are bounded on the same range for even $n$. We further show that if the smallness assumption is removed in even dimensions the wave operators remain bounded in the range $1
description: 35 pages. We fixed an error in the statement of Lemma 4.2 that appears in the published version
Synthesis of activated carbon from walnut wood and magnetized with cobalt ferrite (CoFe2O4) and its application in removal of cephalexin from aqueous solutions
Creators: name: Askari, Roya
name: Afshin, Shirin
name: Rashtbari, Yousef
name: Moharrami, Amir
name: Mohammadi, Faezeh
name: Vosuoghi, Mehdi
name: Dargahi, Abdollah
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: The aim of this study was to synthesize activated carbon from low-cost material and then magnetize it with CoFe2O4 nanoparticles for evaluating its efficiency in the removal of cephalexin from aqueous media. The physical and structural properties of the synthesized adsorbent were analyzed by SEM, BET, XRD, and VSM techniques. In addition, the effect of parameters, including pH, the concentration of cephalexin, adsorbent dose, and contact time, were studied to determine the equilibrium adsorption process isotherms and kinetics. The results of this study showed that the removal efficiency of cephalexin increases with increasing contact time and adsorbent dose and decreases with increasing pH and the initial concentration of cephalexin. As the concentration of antibiotics increased from 50 to 250 mg/L, the removal efficiency of cephalexin decreased from 96.8% to 36.1%. Optimal conditions for cephalexin removal were obtained at pH = 3, time = 30 min, antibiotics concentration = 50 mg/L, and adsorbent dose = 2 g/L. Cephalexin antibiotic adsorption process follows the Freundlich isotherm (R2 = 0.9817) and pseudo second-order kinetics (R2 = 0.939). Although the removal of cephalexin increases with increasing adsorbent dose, the amount of cephalexin adsorbed per unit mass of adsorbent (qe) decreases from 27.5 to 18.3 mg/g from 0.25 to 2.5 g/L of activated carbon. The present study showed that magnetized low-cost material activated carbon, in addition to having properties such as rapid and easy separation, has a high potential for cephalexin adsorption.
Decoration of carbon nanotubes with MgO and CuFe2O4 as a nanorod composite for the removal of Pb (II) ion from aqueous media
Creators: name: Khedri, Tahereh
name: Esmaeili, Hossein
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: The aim of this study was to fabricate CNT@MgO@CuFe2O4 nanorod composite as a novel adsorbent for the removal of Pb (II) ions from aqueous media. The structural features of CNT, CNT@MgO and CNT@MgO@CuFe2O4 composite were studied by FTIR, XRD, VSM, BET, SEM, EDX, and Map analyses. BET analysis indicated that MgO/CNT and CNT@MgO@CuFe2O4 composite have mesoporous structures. Also, the specific surface area of CNT@MgO and CNT@MgO@CuFe2O4 were 84.84 and 95.79 m2/g, respectively. VSM analysis also indicated that the CNT@MgO@CuFe2O4 composite has a paramagnetic property. Moreover, the utmost sorption efficiency of Pb (II) ions using CNT, CNT@MgO and CNT@MgO@CuFe2O4 composite were obtained 92.37%, 96.34%, and 99.09%, respectively, indicating that the removal efficiencies were significantly increased by modifying the CNT surface. Besides, the maximum sorption capacity of CNT, CNT@MgO and CNT@MgO@CuFe2O4 by the Langmuir model were 27.7, 32.68, and 47.62 mg/g, respectively, indicating that the CNT@MgO@CuFe2O4 composite has the highest sorption capacity. Also, the equilibrium and thermodynamic behavior indicated that the sorption process of Pb (II) using all three adsorbents is physical, favorable, exothermic, and spontaneous. In general, the findings revealed that the CNT@MgO@CuFe2O4 nanorod composite can be used effectively to remove Pb (II) ions from wastewater.
The solubilization of diphenyl diselenide in surfactant solutions
Creators: name: Pawar, Kunal
name: Jayaram, Radha V.
name: Bhagwat, Sunil S.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Solubilization of diphenyl diselenide (DPDS) was studied in CTAB, OPE-10 and SDS surfactant solutions at 298 K. Solubility of DPDS increases with increase in the surfactant concentration due to its solubilization in micelles. UV-Vis, H1 NMR and FT-IR spectroscopy was used to study the interaction, location of diphenyl diselenide in the micelle. The change in free energy for solubilization of DPDS in micellar media confirmed the favorable solubilizations in SDS, OPE-10 and CTAB solutions. The DPDS solubility was higher in OPE-10 and CTAB compared to SDS surfactant aqueous solutions.
Evaluating Effectiveness of Public Health Intervention Strategies for Mitigating COVID-19 Pandemic
Creators: name: Xie, Shanghong
name: Wang, Wenbo
name: Wang, Qinxia
name: Wang, Yuanjia
name: Zeng, Donglin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is an unprecedented global public health challenge. In the United States (US), state governments have implemented various non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs), such as physical distance closure (lockdown), stay-at-home order, mandatory facial mask in public in response to the rapid spread of COVID-19. To evaluate the effectiveness of these NPIs, we propose a nested case-control design with propensity score weighting under the quasi-experiment framework to estimate the average intervention effect on disease transmission across states. We further develop a method to test for factors that moderate intervention effect to assist precision public health intervention. Our method takes account of the underlying dynamics of disease transmission and balance state-level pre-intervention characteristics. We prove that our estimator provides causal intervention effect under assumptions. We apply this method to analyze US COVID-19 incidence cases to estimate the effects of six interventions. We show that lockdown has the largest effect on reducing transmission and reopening bars significantly increase transmission. States with a higher percentage of non-white population are at greater risk of increased $R_t$ associated with reopening bars.
Differential Equation Based Path Integral for System-Bath Dynamics
Creators: name: Wang, Geshuo
name: Cai, Zhenning
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose the differential equation based path integral (DEBPI) method to simulate the real-time evolution of open quantum systems. In this method, a system of partial differential equations is derived based on the continuation of a classical numerical method called iterative quasi-adiabatic propagator path integral (i-QuAPI). While the resulting system has infinite equations, we introduce a reasonable closure to obtain a series of finite systems. New numerical schemes can be derived by discretizing these differential equations. It is numerically verified that in certain cases, by selecting appropriate systems and applying suitable numerical schemes, the memory cost required in the i-QuAPI method can be significantly reduced.
description: 29 pages, 9 figures
Hybrid high-energy/collinear factorization in a heavy-light dijets system reaction
Creators: name: Bolognino, Andrèe Dafne
name: Celiberto, Francesco Giovanni
name: Fucilla, Michael
name: Ivanov, Dmitry Yu.
name: Papa, Alessandro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose the inclusive hadroproduction of a heavy-light dijet system, as a new channel for the investigation of high energy QCD. We build up a hybrid factorization that incorporates a partial next-to-leading BFKL resummation inside the standard collinear description of observables. We present a detailed analysis of different observables: cross-section summed over azimuthal angles and differential in rapidity and azimuthal distribution. The stability that these distributions show under higher-order corrections motivates our interest in future studies, doable at new generation colliding machines.
description: 6 pages, 1 figure, contribution to the proceedings of the XXVIII International Workshop on Deep Inelastic Scattering and Related Subjects (DIS2021), Stony Brook, New York, USA, 12-16 April, 2021, to appear on SciPost Physics Proceedings
Genome Sequence of Serodino virus, a novel Oliveros-like Clade C Mammarenavirus
Creators: name: Shedroff, Elizabeth
name: Whitmer, Shannon
name: Montgomery, Joel
name: Klena, John
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: A novel Mammarenavirus genome was identified within a suspect hantavirus sample collected from a rodent in Maciel, Argentina. Metagenomic deep sequencing analysis revealed Mammarenavirus-like reads in addition to those belonging to a species of hantavirus. The genome for the novel Mammarenavirus-like virus was initially built using de novo assembly. BLAST analysis of the partial genome yielded hits within the Mammarenavirus family, A guided de novo assembly was performed to complete the novel Serodino genome.

 Mammarenaviruses are negative-sense RNA viruses that are strongly associated with rodent species as their typical reservoir and contain a Small (S) and Large (L) segment. The S segment encodes the viral nucleoprotein (NP) and glycoprotein precursors (GPC), while the L segment encodes the viral polymerase (L) and RING-finger domain (Z). Mammarenaviruses are divided into two major serocomplexes: Old World and New World. The New World serocomplex is further segregated into Clades A-D. Serodino virus is most closely related to Oliveros virus; an arenavirus of Argentinean origin, discovered in 1990. Oliveros virus was first detected in the town of Oliveros, Argentina, located north of the Argentinean Hemorrhagic Fever (AHF) endemic area that was undergoing rodent survey between 1987 and 1990 in response to a Junin virus outbreak. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that the Serodino S segment is 90.1% identical to Oliveros virus, however, the L segment is 70.4% identical. At thew protein level, the S segment proteins (NP and GPC) are at or above 99% similar but greater diversity is observed for the L segment proteins (L and Z) at 82% and 83% similarity respectively. Prescence of these segments by RT-PCR has been confirmed and confirmatory sequencing ensued. The International Committee of Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) mandates that new viral species may be classified by a specific host species or reservoir, specific geographic location, cause of human disease, significant differences in cross-reactive antigenic activity, or a minimum of 12% amino acid sequence dissimilarity to existing viruses within the genus. Based on the observed L segment diversity, and ICTV species-level designations, we propose that Serodino virus is a distinct New World Mammarenavirus and a member of a potential unique Clade "E" species.
Doping asymmetry and layer-selective metal-insulator transition in trilayer K$_{3+x}$C$_{60}$
Creators: name: Yue, Changming
name: Nomura, Yusuke
name: Werner, Philipp
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Thin films provide a versatile platform to tune electron correlations and explore new physics in strongly correlated materials. Epitaxially grown thin films of the alkali-doped fulleride K$_{3+x}$C$_{60}$, for example, exhibit %various intriguing phenomena, including Mott transitions and superconductivity, depending on dimensionality and doping. Surprisingly, in the trilayer case, a strong electron-hole doping asymmetry has been observed in the superconducting phase, which is absent in the three-dimensional bulk limit. Using density-functional theory plus dynamical mean-field theory, we show that this doping asymmetry results from a substantial charge reshuffling from the top layer to the middle layer. While the nominal filling per fullerene is close to $n=3$, the top layer rapidly switches to an $n=2$ insulating state upon hole doping, which \textcolor{black}{implies a} doping asymmetry of the superconducting gap. The interlayer charge transfer and layer-selective metal-insulator transition result from the interplay between crystal field splittings, strong Coulomb interactions, and an effectively negative Hund coupling. This peculiar charge reshuffling is absent in the monolayer system, which is an $n=3$ Mott insulator, as expected from the nominal filling.
description: 5+3 pages, 4+3 figures
Explainable Identification of Dementia from Transcripts using Transformer Networks
Creators: name: Ilias, Loukas
name: Askounis, Dimitris
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the main cause of dementia which is accompanied by loss of memory and may lead to severe consequences in peoples' everyday life if not diagnosed on time. Very few works have exploited transformer-based networks and despite the high accuracy achieved, little work has been done in terms of model interpretability. In addition, although Mini-Mental State Exam (MMSE) scores are inextricably linked with the identification of dementia, research works face the task of dementia identification and the task of the prediction of MMSE scores as two separate tasks. In order to address these limitations, we employ several transformer-based models, with BERT achieving the highest accuracy accounting for 87.50%. Concurrently, we propose an interpretable method to detect AD patients based on siamese networks reaching accuracy up to 83.75%. Next, we introduce two multi-task learning models, where the main task refers to the identification of dementia (binary classification), while the auxiliary one corresponds to the identification of the severity of dementia (multiclass classification). Our model obtains accuracy equal to 86.25% on the detection of AD patients in the multi-task learning setting. Finally, we present some new methods to identify the linguistic patterns used by AD patients and non-AD ones, including text statistics, vocabulary uniqueness, word usage, correlations via a detailed linguistic analysis, and explainability techniques (LIME). Findings indicate significant differences in language between AD and non-AD patients.
description: IEEE Journal of Biomedical and Health Informatics (Accepted)
Exploring the Kibble-Zurek mechanism with homogeneous Bose gases
Creators: name: Beugnon, J.
name: Navon, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Out-of-equilibrium phenomena is a subject of considerable interest in many fields of physics. Ultracold quantum gases, which are extremely clean, well-isolated and highly controllable systems, offer ideal platforms to investigate this topic. The recent progress in tailoring trapping potentials now allows the experimental production of homogeneous samples in custom geometries, which is a key advance for studies of the emergence of coherence in interacting quantum systems. Here we review recent experiments in which temperature quenches have been performed across the Bose-Einstein condensation (BEC) phase transition in an annular geometry and in homogeneous 3D and quasi-2D gases. Combined, these experiments give a comprehensive picture of the Kibble-Zurek (KZ) scenario through complementary measurements of correlation functions and topological defects density. They also allow the measurement of KZ scaling laws, the direct confirmation of the "freeze-out" hypothesis that underlies the KZ theory, and the extraction of critical exponents of the Bose-Einstein condensation transition.
description: 11 pages, 6 figures; topical review
A high-order semi-explicit discontinuous Galerkin solver for 3D incompressible flow with application to DNS and LES of turbulent channel flow
Creators: name: Krank, Benjamin
name: Fehn, Niklas
name: Wall, Wolfgang A.
name: Kronbichler, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an efficient discontinuous Galerkin scheme for simulation of the incompressible Navier-Stokes equations including laminar and turbulent flow. We consider a semi-explicit high-order velocity-correction method for time integration as well as nodal equal-order discretizations for velocity and pressure. The non-linear convective term is treated explicitly while a linear system is solved for the pressure Poisson equation and the viscous term. The key feature of our solver is a consistent penalty term reducing the local divergence error in order to overcome recently reported instabilities in spatially under-resolved high-Reynolds-number flows as well as small time steps. This penalty method is similar to the grad-div stabilization widely used in continuous finite elements. We further review and compare our method to several other techniques recently proposed in literature to stabilize the method for such flow configurations. The solver is specifically designed for large-scale computations through matrix-free linear solvers including efficient preconditioning strategies and tensor-product elements, which have allowed us to scale this code up to 34.4 billion degrees of freedom and 147,456 CPU cores. We validate our code and demonstrate optimal convergence rates with laminar flows present in a vortex problem and flow past a cylinder and show applicability of our solver to direct numerical simulation as well as implicit large-eddy simulation of turbulent channel flow at $Re_τ=180$ as well as $590$.
description: 28 pages, in preparation for submission to Journal of Computational Physics
Halogen-free COOH functionalized surface-active ionic liquids: surface activity, aggregation behavior, and antimicrobial activity
Creators: name: Patel, Nidhi N.
name: Patel, Kiran
name: Sastry, Nandhibatla V.
name: Patel, Vaibhav K.
name: Macwan, Pradip M.
name: Sharma, Deep S.
name: Panjabi, Sanjay. H.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: In the field of interphase and colloidal science, the interest in the research of ionic liquid (IL) has been growing specifically when surface active ionic liquids (SAILs) emerged in this field. Herein, we report the synthesis of Halogen-free COOH-functionalized Imidazolium and Pyridinium-based SAILs. The surface activity and aggregation behavior of synthesized SAILs were investigated using the electric conductivity, surface tension, fluorescence quenching, density, and speed of sound. In addition, the thermodynamic parameters and the critical micellar concentration dependency on temperature were also investigated using charged pseudo-phase model. The micellization process was found spontaneous and entropy-driven in the temperature range of 25°–45 °C of synthesized SAILs. Furthermore, the average aggregation number was determined by the speed of sound, fluorescence quenching, and density. In addition, the antimicrobial activity of the synthesized SAILs was studied, which shows a broad spectrum of antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. The introduction of an acid group enhanced the antimicrobial activity significantly as compared to non-functionalized ILs.
Epitaxial growth and electronic properties of mixed valence YbAl3 thin films
Creators: name: Chatterjee, Shouvik
name: Sung, Suk Hyun
name: Baek, David J.
name: Kourkoutis, Lena F.
name: Schlom, Darrell G.
name: Shen, Kyle M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the growth of thin films of the mixed valence compound YbAl$_{3}$ on MgO using molecular-beam epitaxy. Employing an aluminum buffer layer, epitaxial (001) films can be grown with sub-nm surface roughness. Using x-ray diffraction, in situ low-energy electron diffraction and aberration-corrected scanning transmission electron microscopy we establish that the films are ordered in the bulk as well as at the surface. Our films show a coherence temperature of 37 K, comparable to that reported for bulk single crystals. Photoelectron spectroscopy reveals contributions from both $\textit{f}^{13}$ and $\textit{f}^{12}$ final states establishing that YbAl$_{3}$ is a mixed valence compound and shows the presence of a Kondo Resonance peak near the Fermi-level.
description: 4 pages, 6 figures
Double scaling limit for the $O(N)^3$-invariant tensor model
Creators: name: Bonzom, Valentin
name: Nador, Victor
name: Tanasa, Adrian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We study the double scaling limit of the $O(N)^3$-invariant tensor model, initially introduced in Carrozza and Tanasa, Lett. Math. Phys. (2016). This model has an interacting part containing two types of quartic invariants, the tetrahedric and the pillow one. For the 2-point function, we rewrite the sum over Feynman graphs at each order in the $1/N$ expansion as a \emph{finite} sum, where the summand is a function of the generating series of melons and chains (a.k.a. ladders). The graphs which are the most singular in the continuum limit are characterized at each order in the $1/N$ expansion. This leads to a double scaling limit which picks up contributions from all orders in the $1/N$ expansion. In contrast with matrix models, but similarly to previous double scaling limits in tensor models, this double scaling limit is summable. The tools used in order to prove our results are combinatorial, namely a thorough diagrammatic analysis of Feynman graphs, as well as an analysis of the singularities of the relevant generating series.
description: 33 pages, many figures
Why cells grow and divide? General growth mechanism and how it defines cells' growth, reproduction and metabolic properties
Creators: name: Shestopaloff, Yuri K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Other Quantitative Biology (q-bio.OT)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: We consider a general growth mechanism, which acts at cellular level and above (organs, systems and whole organisms). Using its mathematical representation, the growth equation, we study the growth and division mechanisms of amoeba and fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe. We show how this mechanism, together with biomolecular machinery, governs growth and reproduction of cells, and these organisms in particular. This mechanism provides revealing answers to fundamental questions of biology, like why cells grow and divide, why and when cells' growth stops. It also sheds light on questions like why and how life originated and developed. Solving the growth equation, we obtain analytical expression for the growth curve of fission yeast as a function of geometrical characteristics and nutrient influxes for RNA and protein synthesis, and compare the computed growth curves with 85 experiments. Statistical evaluation shows that these growth curves correspond to experimental data significantly better than all previous approximations. Also, using the general growth mechanism, we show how metabolic characteristics of cells, their size and evolutionary traits relate, considering fission yeast. In particular, we found that fission yeast S. pombe consumes about 16-18 times more nutrients for maintenance needs than for biomass synthesis.
description: 37 pages, 13 figures, 3 tables
title: Lubunca: Sprache zwischen Geheimhaltung und Identitätsstiftung
Creators: name: Kahraman, Büşra
Publisher: name: DuEPublico
Year: 2025
Subjects: classificationCode: 5
subject: FOS: Social sciences
subject: Gender Studies

description: Weltweit gibt es circa 7 000 Sprachen. Auch in Ländern mit singulären offiziellen Landessprachen verwenden Minoritäten oder zugezogene Personen unterschiedliche Sprachen. Das Zusammentreffen von einer Vielzahl an Sprachen kann auch zu einer Vermischung dieser führen. Oft beeinflussen Sprecher_innen mit diversen Sprachkenntnissen die Varietäten von Slangs, die im Alltag zu hören sind und sich permanent aktualisieren.
Characterization of oil-in-water pickering emulsions stabilized by β-cyclodextrin systems
Creators: name: Piot, Sophie
name: Mentink, Léon
name: Pensé-Lhéritier, Anne-Marie
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Cyclodextrins (CDs) are conical molecules with a hydrophilic surface and a hydrophobic cavity. Thanks to the cavity, CDs are able to form inclusion complexes with a wide variety of guest molecules. A new oil-in-water (O/W) emulsifying system suitable for use in preparing Pickering emulsions with a large range of oils was developed. This system contains β-Cyclodextrin (β-CD) and a natural origin selected surfactant, Polyglyceryl-3 diisostearate (PG3D). The purpose of this work is to better understand the role of the PG3D in the realization and stabilization of these O/W emulsions. With this aim, O/W Pickering emulsions stabilized only by β-CD or β-CD/PG3D blends were prepared, and the effects of the presence of PG3D at different levels on the stability of emulsions were investigated. This original work was implemented using a wide range of complementary analytical methods, especially tensiometry, optical microscopy, laser granulometry, classical NMR and low field NMR measurements. The effectiveness of the β-CD/PG3D emulsifying system for preparing O/W Pickering emulsions appears due to synergistic effects between β-CD and PG3D. These molecules are both acting to stabilize the oil/water interface. The created particles have a high affinity for water with about the same contact angle as found for water. This may explain that only O/W emulsions are obtained using this system as in the case of using β-CD alone. PG3D by decreasing interfacial tension and due to its high wettability of the hydrophobic surfaces helps to get finer emulsions. An optimum β-CD/PG3D ratio must be used to obtain the most stable emulsions.
Birational geometry of the moduli space of quartic K3 surfaces
Creators: name: Laza, Radu
name: O'Grady, Kieran G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14D20, 14J28

description: By work of Looijenga and others, one has a good understanding of the relationship between GIT and Baily-Borel compactifications for the moduli spaces of degree 2 K3 surfaces, cubic fourfolds, and a few other related examples. The similar-looking cases of degree 4 K3 surfaces and double EPW sextics turn out to be much more complicated for arithmetic reasons. In this paper, we refine work of Looijenga to allow us to handle these cases. Specifically, in analogy with the so-called Hassett-Keel program for the moduli space of curves, we study the variation of log canonical models for locally symmetric varieties of Type IV associated to D lattices. In particular, for the dimension 19 case, we conjecturally obtain a continuous one-parameter interpolation (via a directed MMP) between the GIT and Baily-Borel compactifications for the moduli of degree 4 K3 surfaces. The predictions for the similar 18 dimensional case, corresponding geometrically to hyperelliptic degree 4 K3 surfaces, can be verified by means of VGIT -- this will be discussed elsewhere.