cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Unveiling The Origin of Peculiar Diffuse Radio Emission in Abell 1351
Creators: name: Chatterjee, Swarna
name: Rahaman, Majidul
name: Datta, Abhirup
name: Raja, Ramij
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Abell 1351 is a massive merging cluster that hosts a giant radio halo and a bright radio edge blended in the halo. In this paper, we present the first ever spectral analysis of this cluster using GMRT 610 MHz and VLA 1.4 GHz archival data and discuss the radio edge property. Using \textit{Chandra} data, we report the first tentative detection of shock front at the location of the edge in A1351 with discontinuities in both X-ray surface brightness and temperature. Our analysis strengthens the previous claim of the detected "edge" being a high luminosity radio relic. The radio relic has an integrated spectral index $α= -1.63 \pm 0.33$ and radio power $P_{1.4 \mathrm{\ GHz}} = 4.46 \pm 0.61\times10^{24}$ W $Hz^{-1}$ with a largest Linear Size (LLS) of 570 kpc. The radio spectral index map shows steepening in the shock downstream region. Our analysis favours the scenario where the Diffusive Shock Acceleration (DSA) of particles is responsible for the origin of the radio relic in the presence of strong magnetic field. We have also estimated the magnetic field at the relic location assuming equipartition condition.
description: Accepted for publication in Astronomical Journal (AJ); 14 Pages, 7 figures, 5 tables
Retinotoxic and antifertitlity studies of embelia ribes and hagenia abyssinica in chicks and rats
Creators: name: Low, Gladys Swee Lian.
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2022

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
El encanto sin encanto
Creators: name: Antonucci, Fausta
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Calderón, Métrica dramática, Segmentación dramática, Bibliografía, El encanto sin encanto

description: Calderón Digital: base de datos, argumentos y motivos del teatro de Calderón (dir. Fausta Antonucci). Ficha dedicada a El encanto sin encanto, con datos bibliográficos primarios y secundarios, fecha probable de composición, cómputo de las formas métricas, análisis de las coordenadas espacio-temporales, adscripción genérica y sinopsis argumental detallada, con indicación de los principales motivos (diegéticos y simbólicos) y propuesta de segmentación articulada según los cambios de forma métrica, de espacio y tiempo dramáticos.
Some aspects of cyanide residues in gold mine wastes
Creators: name: Gutsa, Ernest H.
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2022

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
Effects of general non-magnetic quenched disorder on a spin-density-wave quantum critical metallic system in two spatial dimension
Creators: name: Jang, Iksu
name: Kim, Ki-Seok
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the effects of general non-magnetic quenched disorder on a two-dimensional spin-density-wave (SDW) quantum critical metallic system and discuss how a clean SDW non-Fermi liquid state becomes modified, based on a renormalization group (RG) method. We consider (i) all possible scattering channels by a random charge potential for fermion fields and additionally (ii) a random mass term for a SDW boson order parameter as effects of the non-magnetic quenched disorder. From the one-loop analysis, we find a weakly disordered non-Fermi liquid metallic fixed point(interacting long-range ordered fixed point) when only the random boson mass vertex is considered. However, in the general case where all disorder vertices are considered, it turns out that there is no stable fixed point and the low-energy RG flows are governed by the large random charge potential vertices especially channels in a `Direct' category with an interplay of an effective Yukawa interaction. Focusing on the physical meanings of the low-energy RG flows, we provide a detailed explanation of the one-loop results. Beyond the one-loop level, we first discuss partial two-loop corrections to the random charge potential vertices. Furthermore, we examine the possibility of different low-energy RG flows compared to that of the one-loop results by considering the two-loop corrections to the random boson mass vertex and, discuss low energy properties in relation to the random singlet phase. For physical properties, we calculate asymptotic forms of the two-point Green's functions and anomalous dimensions of the four superconducting channels in the one-loop level.
description: Part of introduction and analysis are revised
Secondary radiation measurements for particle therapy applications: nuclear fragmentation produced by $^4$He ion beams in a PMMA target
Creators: name: Marafini, M.
name: Paramatti, R.
name: Pinci, D.
name: Battistoni, G.
name: Collamati, F.
name: De Lucia, E.
name: Faccini, R.
name: Frallicciardi, P. M.
name: Mancini-Terracciano, C.
name: Mattei, I.
name: Muraro, S.
name: Piersanti, L.
name: Rovituso, M.
name: Rucinski, A.
name: Russomando, A.
name: Sarti, A.
name: Sciubba, A.
name: Camillocci, E. Solfaroli
name: Toppi, M.
name: Traini, G.
name: Voena, C.
name: Patera, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Nowadays there is a growing interest in Particle Therapy treatments exploiting light ion beams against tumors due to their enhanced Relative Biological Effectiveness and high space selectivity. In particular promising results are obtained by the use of $^4$He projectiles. Unlike the treatments performed using protons, the beam ions can undergo a fragmentation process when interacting with the atomic nuclei in the patient body. In this paper the results of measurements performed at the Heidelberg Ion-Beam Therapy center are reported. For the first time the absolute fluxes and the energy spectra of the fragments - protons, deuterons, and tritons - produced by $^4$He ion beams of 102, 125 and 145 MeV/u energies on a poly-methyl methacrylate target were evaluated at different angles. The obtained results are particularly relevant in view of the necessary optimization and review of the Treatment Planning Software being developed for clinical use of $^4$He beams in clinical routine and the relative benchmarking of Monte Carlo algorithm predictions.
Supplementing transcranial direct current stimulation to local infiltration series for refractory neuropathic craniocephalic pain: A randomized controlled pilot trial
Creators: name: Wandrey, Jan D.
name: Kastelik, Joanna
name: Fritzsche, Thomas
name: Denke, Claudia
name: Schäfer, Michael
name: Tafelski, Sascha
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: tDCS
subject: chronic pain
subject: neuropathic pain
subject: craniocephalic pain
subject: infiltration series
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Background: Some patients with neuralgia of cranial nerves with otherwise therapy-refractory pain respond to invasive therapy with local anesthetics. Unfortunately, pain regularly relapses despite multimodal pain management. Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) may prolong pain response due to neuro-modulatory effects. Methods: This controlled clinical pilot trial randomized patients to receive anodal, cathodal or sham-tDCS stimulation prior to local anesthetic infiltration. Pain attenuation, quality-of-life and side effects were assessed and compared with historic controls to estimate effects of tDCS stimulation setting. Results: Altogether, 17 patients were randomized into three groups with different stimulation protocols. Relative reduction of pain intensity in per protocol treated patients were median 73%, 50% and 69% in anodal, cathodal and sham group, respectively (p = 0.726). Compared with a historic control group, a lower rate of responders with 50% reduction of pain intensity indicates probable placebo effects (OR 3.41 stimulation vs. non-stimulation setting, NNT 3.63). 76.9% (n = 10) of tDCS patients reported mild side-effects. Of all initially included 17 patients, 23.5% (n = 4) withdrew their study participation with highest proportion in the cathodal group (n = 3). A sample size calculation for a confirmatory trial revealed 120 patients using conservative estimations. Discussion: This pilot trial does not support series of anodal tDCS as neuro-modulatory treatment to enhance pain alleviation of local anesthetic infiltration series. Notably, results may indicate placebo effects of tDCS settings. Feasibility of studies in this population was limited due to relevant drop-out rates. Anodal tDCS warrants further confirmation as neuro-modulatory pain treatment option.
PolyphonicFormer: Unified Query Learning for Depth-aware Video Panoptic Segmentation
Creators: name: Yuan, Haobo
name: Li, Xiangtai
name: Yang, Yibo
name: Cheng, Guangliang
name: Zhang, Jing
name: Tong, Yunhai
name: Zhang, Lefei
name: Tao, Dacheng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The Depth-aware Video Panoptic Segmentation (DVPS) is a new challenging vision problem that aims to predict panoptic segmentation and depth in a video simultaneously. The previous work solves this task by extending the existing panoptic segmentation method with an extra dense depth prediction and instance tracking head. However, the relationship between the depth and panoptic segmentation is not well explored -- simply combining existing methods leads to competition and needs carefully weight balancing. In this paper, we present PolyphonicFormer, a vision transformer to unify these sub-tasks under the DVPS task and lead to more robust results. Our principal insight is that the depth can be harmonized with the panoptic segmentation with our proposed new paradigm of predicting instance level depth maps with object queries. Then the relationship between the two tasks via query-based learning is explored. From the experiments, we demonstrate the benefits of our design from both depth estimation and panoptic segmentation aspects. Since each thing query also encodes the instance-wise information, it is natural to perform tracking directly with appearance learning. Our method achieves state-of-the-art results on two DVPS datasets (Semantic KITTI, Cityscapes), and ranks 1st on the ICCV-2021 BMTT Challenge video + depth track. Code is available at https://github.com/HarborYuan/PolyphonicFormer .
description: Accepted by ECCV 2022
Measurement of the profiles of disorder-induced localized resonances in photonic crystal waveguides by local tuning
Creators: name: Lian, J.
name: Sokolov, S.
name: Yüce, E.
name: Combrié, S.
name: De Rossi, A.
name: Mosk, A. P.
name: .
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Near the band edge of photonic crystal waveguides, localized modes appear due to disorder. We demonstrate a new method to elucidate spatial profile of the localized modes in such systems using precise local tuning. Using deconvolution with the known thermal profile, the spatial profile of a localized mode with quality factor ($Q$) $>10^5$ is successfully reconstructed with a resolution of $2.5 \ μ$m.
COol Companions ON Ultrawide orbiTS (COCONUTS). III. A Very Red L6 Benchmark Brown Dwarf around a Young M5 Dwarf
Creators: name: Zhang, Zhoujian
name: Liu, Michael C.
name: Morley, Caroline V.
name: Magnier, Eugene A.
name: Tucker, Michael A.
name: Vanderbosch, Zachary P.
name: Do, Aaron
name: Shappee, Benjamin J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the third discovery from the COol Companions ON Ultrawide orbiTS (COCONUTS) program, the COCONUTS-3 system, composed of a young M5 primary star UCAC4 374-046899 and a very red L6 dwarf WISEA J081322.19$-$152203.2. These two objects have a projected separation of 61$''$ (1891 au) and are physically associated given their common proper motions and estimated distances. The primary star, COCONUTS-3A, has a mass of $0.123\pm0.006$ M$_{\odot}$ and we estimate its age as 100 Myr to 1 Gyr based on its kinematics and spectrophotometric properties. We derive its metallicity as $0.21 \pm 0.07$ dex using empirical calibrations established by older higher-gravity M dwarfs and find this [Fe/H] could be slightly underestimated according to PHOENIX models given COCONUTS-3A's younger age. The companion, COCONUTS-3B, has a near-infrared spectral type of L6$\pm$1 INT-G, and we infer physical properties of $T_{\rm eff} = 1362^{+48}_{-73}$ K, $\log{(g)}= 4.96^{+0.15}_{-0.34}$ dex, $R = 1.03^{+0.12}_{-0.06}$ R$_{\rm Jup}$, and $M = 39^{+11}_{-18}$ M$_{\rm Jup}$, using its bolometric luminosity, its host star's age, and hot-start evolution models. We construct cloudy atmospheric model spectra at the evolution-based physical parameters and compare them to COCONUTS-3B's spectrophotometry. We find this companion possesses ample condensate clouds in its photosphere with the data-model discrepancies likely due to the models using an older version of the opacity database. Compared to field-age L6 dwarfs, COCONUTS-3B has fainter absolute magnitudes and a 120 K cooler $T_{\rm eff}$. Also, the J-K color of this companion is among the reddest for ultracool benchmarks with ages older than a few 100 Myr. COCONUTS-3 likely formed in the same fashion as stellar binaries given the companion-to-host mass ratio of 0.3 and represents a valuable benchmark to quantify the systematics of substellar model atmospheres.
description: Accepted by ApJ. 34 pages including 14 figures and 5 tables
Approaches to the synthesis of some hindered, non-tautomerizable para quinone methides
Creators: name: Jacobs, Howard A. .
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2022

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
End-to-end optimization of nonlinear transform codes for perceptual quality
Creators: name: Ballé, Johannes
name: Laparra, Valero
name: Simoncelli, Eero P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We introduce a general framework for end-to-end optimization of the rate--distortion performance of nonlinear transform codes assuming scalar quantization. The framework can be used to optimize any differentiable pair of analysis and synthesis transforms in combination with any differentiable perceptual metric. As an example, we consider a code built from a linear transform followed by a form of multi-dimensional local gain control. Distortion is measured with a state-of-the-art perceptual metric. When optimized over a large database of images, this representation offers substantial improvements in bitrate and perceptual appearance over fixed (DCT) codes, and over linear transform codes optimized for mean squared error.
description: Accepted as a conference contribution to Picture Coding Symposium 2016
Modulation of G-protein activation, calcium currents and opioid receptor phosphorylation by the pH-dependent antinociceptive agonist NFEPP
Creators: name: Celik, Melih Özgür
name: Seitz, Viola
name: Yergöz, Fatih
name: Dembla, Sandeep
name: Blum, Nina Kathleen
name: Schulz, Stefan
name: Stein, Christoph
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: NFEPP
subject: mu opioid receptor (MOR)
subject: VDCC
subject: fentanyl
subject: pain
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: N-(3-fluoro-1-phenethylpiperidine-4-yl)-N-phenyl propionamide is a newly-designed pain killer selectively activating G-protein-coupled mu-opioid receptors (MOR) in acidic injured tissues, and therefore devoid of central side effects which are typically elicited at normal pH values in healthy tissues. However, the neuronal mechanisms underlying NFEPP's antinociceptive effects were not examined in detail so far. Voltage-dependent Ca2+ channels (VDCCs) in nociceptive neurons play a major role in the generation and inhibition of pain. In this study, we focused on the effects of NFEPP on calcium currents in rat dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons. The inhibitory role of the G-protein subunits G(i/o) and G beta gamma on VDCCs was investigated using the blockers pertussis toxin and gallein, respectively. GTP gamma S binding, calcium signals and MOR phosphorylation were also investigated. All experiments were performed at acidic and normal pH values using NFEPP in comparison to the conventional opioid agonist fentanyl. At low pH, NFEPP produced more efficient G-protein activation in transfected HEK293 cells and significantly reduced VDCCs in depolarized DRG neurons. The latter effect was mediated by G beta gamma subunits, and NFEPP-mediated MOR phosphorylation was pH-dependent. Fentanyl's responses were not affected by pH changes. Our data indicate that NFEPP-induced MOR signaling is more effective at low pH and that the inhibition of calcium channels in DRG neurons underlies NFEPP's antinociceptive actions.
Ground-based observations of the ZZ Ceti star HS 1625+1231
Creators: name: Kalup, Csilla
name: Bognár, Zsófia
name: Sódor, Ádám
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the results of our detailed light curve analysis of the ZZ Ceti star HS 1625+1231. We collected photometric time series data at Konkoly Observatory on 14 nights, and performed Fourier analysis of these data sets. We detected 11 significant frequencies, where six of them are found to be independent pulsation modes in the 514 - 881 s period range. By utilising these frequencies, we performed preliminary asteroseismic investigations to give constraints on the main physical parameters, and to derive seismic distances for the star. Finally, we compared the astrometric distance provided by the Gaia EDR3 data with those seismic distances. Our selected model, considering both the spectroscopic measurements and the distance value provided by Gaia, has $T_{eff}$ = 11 000 K and $M_*$ = 0.60 $M_{\odot}$.
description: 16 pages, 5 figures, accepted for publication in Acta Astronomica
Landau-Zener transitions in an open multilevel quantum system
Creators: name: Ashhab, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the Landau-Zener problem for a multilevel quantum system that is coupled to an external environment. In particular, we consider a number of cases of three-level systems coupled to a harmonic oscillator that represents the external environment. We find that, similar to the case of the Landau-Zener problem with a two-level system, when the quantum system and the environment are both initially in their ground states the probability that the system remains in the same quantum state is not affected by the coupling to the environment. The final occupation probabilities of the other states are well described by a common general principle: the coupling to the environment turns each Landau-Zener transition process in the closed system into a sequence of smaller transitions in the combined Hilbert space of the system and environment, and this sequence of transitions lasts a total duration that increases with increasing system-environment coupling strength. These results provide an intuitive understanding of Landau-Zener transitions in open multilevel quantum systems.
description: 21 pages (preprint), 7 figures
Identifying the Alloy Structures of Germanene Grown on Al(111) Surface
Creators: name: Yan, Feini
name: Xu, Shaogang
name: He, Chao
name: He, Changchun
name: Zhao, Changming
name: Xu, Hu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: While the growth of germanene has been claimed on many substrates, the exact crystal structures remain controversial. Here, we systematically explore the possible structures formed by Ge deposition onto Al(111) surface by combining density-functional theory (DFT) and global optimization algorithm. We show that, by high-level random-phase approximation (RPA) calculations, the formation of germanene on Al(111) is energetically unfavorable with positive formation energy. The two experimental phases are identified as honeycomb alloys Al3Ge3/Al(111)(r7xr7) and Al3Ge4/Al(111)(3x3), by combining ab initio evolutionary simulations, RPA calculations, and available experimental data from scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) and low-energy electron diffraction (LEED). Al3Ge4/Al(111)(3x3) is an interesting structure with a vacancy in the substrate, which accounts for the dark clover pattern in the experimental STM image. Our results clarify the structural controversy of the Ge/Al(111) system and indicate the fabrication of germanene may remain challenging.
description: 16 pages, 4 figures
Very Long-period Pulsations before the Onset of Solar Flares
Creators: name: Tan, Baolin
name: Yu, Zhiqiang
name: Huang, Jing
name: Tan, Chengming
name: Zhang, Yin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Solar flares are the most powerful explosions occurring in the solar system, which may lead to disastrous space weather events and impact various aspects of our Earth. So far, it is still a big challenge in modern astrophysics to understand the origin of solar flares and predict their onset. Based on the analysis of soft X-ray emission observed by the Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite (GOES), this work reported a new discovery of very long-periodic pulsations occurred in the preflare phase before the onset of solar flares (preflare-VLPs). These pulsations are typically with period of 8 - 30 min and last for about 1 - 2 hours. They are possibly generated from LRC oscillations of plasma loops where electric current dominates the physical process during magnetic energy accumulation in the source region. The preflare-VLP provides an essential information for understanding the triggering mechanism and origin of solar flares, and may help us to response to solar explosions and the corresponding disastrous space weather events as a convenient precursory indicator.
description: 9 pages, 3 figures, 1 table, accepted by ApJ
Unwelcome guests – the role of gland-associated Helicobacter pylori infection in gastric carcinogenesis
Creators: name: Beccaceci, Giulia
name: Sigal, Michael
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: infection
subject: gastric cancer
subject: epithelial stem cells
subject: gland-associated bacteria
subject: gland-colonization
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) are Gram-negative bacteria that cause chronic gastritis and are considered the main risk factor for the development of gastric cancer. H. pylori have evolved to survive the harsh luminal environment of the stomach and are known to cause damage and signaling aberrations in gastric epithelial cells, which can result in premalignant and malignant pathology. As well as colonizing the gastric mucus and surface epithelial cells, a subpopulation of H. pylori can invade deep into the gastric glands and directly interact with progenitor and stem cells. Gland colonization therefore bears the potential to cause direct injury to long-lived cells. Moreover, this bacterial subpopulation triggers a series of host responses that cause an enhanced proliferation of stem cells. Here, we review recent insights into how gastric gland colonization by H. pylori is established, the resulting pro-carcinogenic epithelial signaling alterations, as well as new insights into stem cell responses to infection. Together these point towards a critical role of gland-associated H. pylori in the development of gastric cancer.
Thermodynamics of Hot Neutron Stars and Universal Relations
Creators: name: Laskos-Patkos, P.
name: Koliogiannis, P. S.
name: Kanakis-Pegios, A.
name: Moustakidis, Ch. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Over the last few years, the detection of gravitational waves from binary neutron star systems has rekindled our hopes for a deeper understanding of the unknown nature of ultradense matter. In particular, gravitational wave constraints on the tidal deformability of a neutron star can be translated into constraints on several neutron star properties using a set of universal relations. Apart from binary neutron star mergers, supernova explosions are also important candidates for the detection of multimessenger signals. Such observations may allow us to impose significant constraints on the binding energy of neutron stars. The purpose of the present study is twofold. Firstly, we investigate the agreement of finite temperature equations of state with established universal relations. Secondly, we examine the possible existence of a universal relation between the binding energy and the dimensionless tidal deformability, which are the bulk properties connected to the most promising sources for multimessenger signals. We find that hot equations of state are not always compatible with accepted universal relations. Therefore, the use of such expressions for probing general relativity or imposing constraints on the structure of neutron stars would be inconclusive (when thermal effects are present). Additionally, we show that the binding energy and the dimensionless tidal deformability exhibit a universal trend at least for moderate neutron star masses. The latter allows us to set bounds on the binding energy of a 1.4 $M_\odot$ neutron star using data from the GW170817 event. Finally, we provide a relation between the compactness, the binding energy and the dimensionless tidal deformability of a neutron star that is accurate for cold and hot isentropic equations of state.
description: v1: 19 pages, 9 figures, 4 tables; v2: updated to match the published version; accepted for publication in Universe
Spontaneous Osteoclastogenesis, a risk factor for bone metastasis in advanced luminal A-type breast cancer patients
Creators: name: Fernández Vallone, Valeria
name: Borzone, Francisco Raúl
name: Martinez, Leandro Marcelo
name: Giorello, María Belén
name: Choi, Hosoon
name: Dimase, Federico
name: Feldman, Leonardo
name: Bordenave, Raúl Horacio
name: Chudzinski-Tavassi, Ana Marisa
name: Batagelj, Emilio
name: Chasseing, Norma Alejandra
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: pre-metastatic niche
subject: bone metastasis
subject: RANKL
subject: CCL-2
subject: spontaneous osteoclastogenesis
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Introduction: Osteolytic bone metastasis in advanced breast cancer stages are a major complication for patient ' s quality life and a sign of low survival prognosis. Permissive microenvironments which allow cancer cell secondary homing and later proliferation are fundamental for metastatic processes. The causes and mechanisms behind bone metastasis in breast cancer patients are still an unsolved puzzle. Therefore, in this work we contribute to describe bone marrow pre-metastatic niche in advanced breast cancer patients. Results: We show an increase in osteoclasts precursors with a concomitant imbalance towards spontaneous osteoclastogenesis which can be evidenced at bone marrow and peripheral levels. Pro-osteoclastogenic factors RANKL and CCL-2 may contribute to bone resorption signature observed in bone marrow. Meanwhile, expression levels of specific microRNAs in primary breast tumors may already indicate a pro-osteoclastogenic scenario prior to bone metastasis. Discussion: The discovery of prognostic biomarkers and novel therapeutic targets linked to bone metastasis initiation and development are a promising perspective for preventive treatments and metastasis management in advanced breast cancer patients.
3+1 Dimension Schwinger Pair Production with Quantum Computers
Creators: name: Xu, Bin
name: Xue, Wei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Real-time quantum simulation of quantum field theory in (3+1)D requires large quantum computing resources. With a few-qubit quantum computer, we develop a novel algorithm and experimentally study the Schwinger effect, the electron-positron pair production in a strong electric field, in (3+1)D. The resource reduction is achieved by treating the electric field as a background field, working in Fourier space transverse to the electric field direction, and considering parity symmetry, such that we successfully map the three spatial dimension problems into one spatial dimension problems. We observe that the rate of pair production of electrons and positrons is consistent with the theoretical predication of the Schwinger effect. Our work paves the way towards exploring quantum simulation of quantum field theory beyond one spatial dimension.
description: 7 pages, 2 figures, 7 pages supplemental, 1 figure supplemental
Virial masses of late type galaxies from the SDSS DR16
Creators: name: Nigoche-Netro, A.
name: de la Fuente, E.
name: Diaz, R. J.
name: Aguero, M. P.
name: Kemp, S. N.
name: Marquez-Lugo, R. A.
name: Lagos, P.
name: Ruelas-Mayorga, A.
name: Lopez-Contreras, N. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Motivated by the challenges of calculating the dynamical masses of late-type galaxies (LTGs) and the enormous amount of data from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS), we calculate virial masses of a sample of approximately 126,000 LTGs from the sixteenth data release of the SDSS. The virial mass estimations were made considering Newtonian mechanics, virial equilibrium and velocity dispersion from stars and gas. The procedure gave as a result seven mass estimations for each galaxy. The calculated masses were calibrated using a sample of spiral galaxies with velocity rotation curves. Considering the results from the calibration, we find that the correlation between virial and dynamical (rotation curve) masses is stronger for high inclination values. Therefore the calibration relies more on the available data for higher inclination angle galaxies. We also show that if we have a heterogeneous sample of galaxies one must take into consideration the size and colour of these galaxies by using the following variables: Sersic index n, concentration index and colour of the stars. For relatively smaller and bluer LTGs the gas velocity dispersion provides a more consistent mass calculation, while for LTGs that are relatively larger and redder the stellar velocity dispersion provides a better correlated mass calculation.
description: 27 pages, 7 figures. Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Monopoles of the Dirac type and color confinement in QCD -- First results of SU(3) numerical simulations without gauge fixing
Creators: name: Ishiguro, Katsuya
name: Hiraguchi, Atsuki
name: Suzuki, Tsuneo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: If non-Abelian gauge fields in $SU(3)$ QCD have a line-singularity leading to non-commutativity with respect to successive partial-derivative operations, the non-Abelian Bianchi identity is violated. The violation as an operator is shown to be equivalent to violation of Abelian-like Bianchi identities. Then there appear eight Abelian-like conserved magnetic monopole currents of the Dirac type in $SU(3)$ QCD. Exact Abelian (but kinematical) symmetries appear in non-Abelian $SU(3)$ QCD. Here we try to show the Abelian dual Meissner effect due to the above Abelian-like monopoles are responsible for color confinement in $SU(3)$ QCD. If this picture is correct, the string tension of non-Abelian Wilson loops is reproduced fully by that of the Abelian Wilson loops. This is called as perfect Abelian dominance. In this report, the perfect Abelian dominance is shown to exist with the help of the multilevel method but without introducing additional smoothing techniques like partial gauge fixings, although lattice sizes studied are not large enough to study the infinite volume limit. Perfect monopole dominance is also shown without any additional gauge fixing. Abelian electric fields are squeezed due to solenoidal monopole currents and the penetration length for an Abelian electric field of a single color is the same as that of non-Abelian electric field. The coherence length is also measured directly through the correlation of the monopole density and the Polyakov loop pair. The Ginzburg-Landau parameter indicates that the vacuum type is the weak type I (dual) superconductor. The results obtained above without any additional assumptions as well as more clear previous $SU(2)$ results seem to suggest strongly the above Abelian dual Meissner picture of color confinement mechanism.
description: 11 pages, 12 figures. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2112.02127, arXiv:2110.14702
Stand on the Same Side Against Covid-19 - Diagnostic, Screening Tools and Pathways for Clinical and Preventive Purposes.
Creators: name: Corbetta, Lorenzo
Publisher: name: Substantia
Year: 2020

description: This document is the direct transcription of a Webinar organized by Prof. L. Corbetta of the University of Florence on May 19th, 2020.
description: Substantia, Vol 4 No 1 Suppl. 1 (2020) - Open Stream on Covid-19 Emergency
A Proposed Alternative Dynamical History for 2P/Encke which Explains the Taurid Meteoroid Complex
Creators: name: Egal, A.
name: Wiegert, P.
name: Brown, P. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Taurid Meteoroid Complex (TMC) is a broad stream of meteoroids that produces several annual meteor showers on Earth. If the linkage between these showers and 2P/Encke is at the centre of most TMC models, the small size and low activity of the comet suggest that 2P/Encke is not the unique parent body of the Taurids. Here we simulate the formation of the TMC from 2P/Encke and several NEAs. In total, we explored more than a hundred stream formation scenarios using clones of 2P/Encke. Each modelled stream was integrated and compared with present-day Taurid observations. As previously reported, we find that even slight variations of 2P/Encke's orbit modifies considerably the characteristics of the simulated showers. Most of the comet's clones, including the nominal one, appear to reproduce the radiant structure of the Taurid meteors but do not match the observed time and duration of the showers. However, the radiants and timing of most Taurid showers are well reproduced by a particular clone of the comet. Our analysis thus suggest that with this specific dynamical history, 2P/Encke is the sole parent of the four major TMC showers which have ages from 7-21 ka. Our modelling also predicts that the 2022 Taurid Resonant Swarm return will be comparable in strength to the 1998, 2005 and 2015 returns. While purely dynamical models of Encke's orbit -- limited by chaos -- may fail to reveal the comet's origin, its meteor showers may provide the trail of breadcrumbs needed to backtrack our way out of the labyrinth.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS (2022 June 28)
Catalysis in brown coal hydrogenation with coal derived solvents
Creators: name: Goz, Janette Mary.
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2022

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
Machine learning-based prediction of clinical outcomes after first-ever ischemic stroke
Creators: name: Fast, Lea
name: Temuulen, Uchralt
name: Villringer, Kersten
name: Kufner, Anna
name: Ali, Huma Fatima
name: Siebert, Eberhard
name: Huo, Shufan
name: Piper, Sophie K.
name: Sperber, Pia Sophie
name: Liman, Thomas
name: Endres, Matthias
name: Ritter, Kerstin
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: stroke
subject: machine learning
subject: outcome prediction
subject: post-stroke depression
subject: mortality
subject: functional outcome
subject: cognitive impairment
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Background: Accurate prediction of clinical outcomes in individual patients following acute stroke is vital for healthcare providers to optimize treatment strategies and plan further patient care. Here, we use advanced machine learning (ML) techniques to systematically compare the prediction of functional recovery, cognitive function, depression, and mortality of first-ever ischemic stroke patients and to identify the leading prognostic factors. Methods: We predicted clinical outcomes for 307 patients (151 females, 156 males; 68 +/- 14 years) from the PROSpective Cohort with Incident Stroke Berlin study using 43 baseline features. Outcomes included modified Rankin Scale (mRS), Barthel Index (BI), Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), Modified Telephone Interview for Cognitive Status (TICS-M), Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) and survival. The ML models included a Support Vector Machine with a linear kernel and a radial basis function kernel as well as a Gradient Boosting Classifier based on repeated 5-fold nested cross-validation. The leading prognostic features were identified using Shapley additive explanations. Results: The ML models achieved significant prediction performance for mRS at patient discharge and after 1 year, BI and MMSE at patient discharge, TICS-M after 1 and 3 years and CES-D after 1 year. Additionally, we showed that National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) was the top predictor for most functional recovery outcomes as well as education for cognitive function and depression. Conclusion: Our machine learning analysis successfully demonstrated the ability to predict clinical outcomes after first-ever ischemic stroke and identified the leading prognostic factors that contribute to this prediction.
Orientation of the electric field gradient and ellipticity of the magnetic cycloid in multiferroic BiFeO3
Creators: name: Pierzga, A.
name: Blachowski, A.
name: Komedera, K.
name: Ruebenbauer, K.
name: Kalvane, A.
name: Bujakiewicz-Koronska, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The paper deals with the hyperfine interactions observed on the 57Fe nucleus in multiferroic BiFeO3 by means of the 14.41-keV resonant transition in 57Fe, and for transmission geometry applied to the random powder sample. Spectra were obtained at 80 K, 190 K and at room temperature. It was found that iron occurs in the high spin trivalent state. Hyperfine magnetic field follows distribution due to the elliptic-like distortion of the magnetic cycloid. The long axis of the ellipse is oriented along <111> direction of the rhombohedral unit cell. The hyperfine magnetic field in this direction is about 1.013 of the field in the perpendicular direction at room temperature. This ratio diminishes to 1.010 at 80 K. Axially symmetric electric field gradient (EFG) on the iron atoms has the principal axis oriented in the same direction and the main component of the EFG is positive. Our results are consistent with the finding that iron magnetic moments are confined to the [1-21] crystal plane.
Portfolio Optimization with Digitized-Counterdiabatic Quantum Algorithms
Creators: name: Hegade, N. N.
name: Chandarana, P.
name: Paul, K.
name: Chen, X.
name: Albarrán-Arriagada, F.
name: Solano, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider digitized-counterdiabatic quantum computing as an advanced paradigm to approach quantum advantage for industrial applications in the NISQ era. We apply this concept to investigate a discrete mean-variance portfolio optimization problem, showing its usefulness in a key finance application. Our analysis shows a drastic improvement in the success probabilities of the resulting digital quantum algorithm when approximate counterdiabatic techniques are introduced. Along these lines, we discuss the enhanced performance of our methods over variational quantum algorithms like QAOA and DC-QAOA.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures
Regulation of tumor angiogenesis by the crosstalk between innate immunity and endothelial cells
Creators: name: Ebeling, Svenja
name: Kowalczyk, Anita
name: Perez-Vazquez, Diego
name: Mattiola, Irene
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: myeloid cells
subject: innate lymphocytes
subject: endothelial cells
subject: cancer
subject: angiogenesis
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Endothelial cells and immune cells are major regulators of cancer progression and prognosis. Endothelial cell proliferation and angiogenesis are required for providing nutrients and oxygen to the nascent tumor and infiltration of immune cells to the tumor is dependent on endothelial cell activation. Myeloid cells and innate lymphocytes have an important role in shaping the tumor microenvironment by crosstalking with cancer cells and structural cells, including endothelial cells. Innate immune cells can modulate the activation and functions of tumor endothelial cells, and, in turn, endothelial cell expression of adhesion molecules can affect immune cell extravasation. However, the mechanisms underlying this bidirectional crosstalk are not fully understood. In this review, we will provide an overview of the current knowledge on the pathways regulating the crosstalk between innate immune cells and endothelial cells during tumor progression and discuss their potential contribution to the development of novel anti-tumor therapeutic approaches.
Massive Computation for Understanding Core-Collapse Supernova Explosions
Creators: name: Ott, Christian D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: How do massive stars explode? Progress toward the answer is driven by increases in compute power. Petascale supercomputers are enabling detailed three-dimensional simulations of core-collapse supernovae. These are elucidating the role of fluid instabilities, turbulence, and magnetic field amplification in supernova engines.
description: 12 pages, 8 figures. Refereed overview article published in Computing in Science & Engineering (CiSE; number of references limited due to magazine format). http://doi.ieeecomputersociety.org/10.1109/MCSE.2016.81 Non-copyedited version prepared by the author
Case report: Compound heterozygous NUP85 variants cause autosomal recessive primary microcephaly
Creators: name: Ravindran, Ethiraj
name: Lesca, Gaetan
name: Januel, Louis
name: Goldgruber, Linus
name: Dickmanns, Achim
name: Margot, Henri
name: Kaindl, Angela M.
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: NUP85
subject: microcephaly
subject: brain development
subject: speech disorder
subject: MCPH-SCKS
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Nucleoporin (NUP) 85 is a member of the Y-complex of nuclear pore complex (NPC) that is key for nucleocytoplasmic transport function, regulation of mitosis, transcription, and chromatin organization. Mutations in various nucleoporin genes have been linked to several human diseases. Among them, NUP85 was linked to childhood-onset steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome (SRNS) in four affected individuals with intellectual disability but no microcephaly. Recently, we broaden the phenotype spectrum of NUP85-associated disease by reporting NUP85 variants in two unrelated individuals with primary autosomal recessive microcephaly (MCPH) and Seckel syndrome (SCKS) spectrum disorders (MCPH-SCKS) without SRNS. In this study, we report compound heterozygous NUP85 variants in an index patient with only MCPH phenotype, but neither Seckel syndrome nor SRNS was reported. We showed that the identified missense variants cause reduced cell viability of patient-derived fibroblasts. Structural simulation analysis of double variants is predicted to alter the structure of NUP85 and its interactions with neighboring NUPs. Our study thereby further expands the phenotypic spectrum of NUP85-associated human disorder and emphasizes the crucial role of NUP85 in the brain development and function.
Dispersing artifacts in FT-STS: a comparison of set point effects across acquisition modes
Creators: name: Macdonald, A J
name: Tremblay-Johnston, Y-S
name: Grothe, S
name: Chi, S
name: Dosanjh, P
name: Johnston, S
name: Burke, S A
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Fourier transform scanning tunneling spectroscopy (FT-STS), or quasiparticle interference (QPI), has become an influential tool for the study of a wide range of important materials in condensed matter physics. However, FT-STS in complex materials is often challenging to interpret, requiring significant theoretical input in many cases, making it crucial to understand potential artifacts of the measurement. Here, we compare the most common modes of acquiring FT-STS data and show through both experiment and simulations that artifact features can arise that depend on how the tip height is stabilized throughout the course of the measurement. The most dramatic effect occurs when a series of dI/dV maps at different energies are acquired with simultaneous constant current feedback; here a feature that disperses in energy appears that is not observed in other measurement modes. Such artifact features are similar to those arising from real physical processes in the sample and are susceptible to misinterpretation.
description: 8 pages, 6 figures