cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Disruption of Microtubules Post-Virus Entry Enhances Adeno-Associated Virus Vector Transduction
Creators: name: Samulski, R. Jude
name: Li, Chengwen
name: Xiao, Ping-Jie
name: Mitchell, Angela M.
name: Huang, Lu
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: Perinuclear retention of viral particles is a poorly understood phenomenon observed during many virus infections. In this study, we investigated whether perinuclear accumulation acts as a barrier to limit recombinant adeno-associated virus (rAAV) transduction. After nocodazole treatment to disrupt microtubules at microtubule-organization center (MT-MTOC) after virus entry, we observed higher rAAV transduction. To elucidate the role of MT-MTOC in rAAV infection and study its underlying mechanisms, we demonstrated that rAAV's perinuclear localization was retained by MT-MTOC with fluorescent analysis, and enhanced rAAV transduction from MT-MTOC disruption was dependent on the rAAV capsid's nuclear import signals. Interestingly, after knocking down RhoA or inhibiting its downstream effectors (ROCK and Actin), MT-MTOC disruption failed to increase rAAV transduction or nuclear entry. These data suggest that enhancement of rAAV transduction is the result of increased trafficking to the nucleus via the RhoA-ROCK-Actin pathway. Ten-fold higher rAAV transduction was also observed by disrupting MT-MTOC in brain, liver, and tumor in vivo. In summary, this study indicates that virus perinuclear accumulation at MT-MTOC is a barrier-limiting parameter for effective rAAV transduction and defines a novel defense mechanism by which host cells restrain viral invasion.
Weyl vs. Conformal
Creators: name: Karananas, Georgios K.
name: Monin, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this note we show that given a conformally invariant theory in flat space-time, it is not always possible to couple it to gravity in a Weyl invariant way.
In Quest of the Good Urban Life: Socio-spatial Dynamics and Residential Building Stock Transformation in Zurich
Creators: name: Koll-Schretzenmayr, Martina
name: Ritterhoff, Frank
name: Siebel, Walter
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Berlin
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: 300 Sozialwissenschaften
subject: 330 Wirtschaft
subject: socio-spatial dynamics
subject: residential building stock
subject: transformation
subject: social polarisation

description: Dieser Beitrag ist mit Zustimmung des Rechteinhabers aufgrund einer (DFG geförderten) Allianz- bzw. Nationallizenz frei zugänglich.
description: This publication is with permission of the rights owner freely accessible due to an Alliance licence and a national licence (funded by the DFG, German Research Foundation) respectively.
description: This paper discusses socio-spatial dynamics and the transformation of the residential building stock in the global city of Zurich. It deals with five questions. Does Zurich exhibit the type of social polarisation outlined by the global city hypothesis? If so, how does social polarisation become visible in the context of a European city? Which actors in the real estate market are catering to the special tastes of the new urban middle class? With whom does the new middle class compete for space in the city? The paper argues that real estate developers customise the residential building stock and produce residential units for a targeted market—the new urban middle class. Furthermore, a new socio-spatial phenomenon—ennoblement—has evolved, as the new urban middle class takes residence in traditional upper-class neighbourhoods. By investing its own economic capital, this new middle class is hoping to profit from upper-class social and cultural capital.
Novel Vector Design and Hexosaminidase Variant Enabling Self-Complementary Adeno-Associated Virus for the Treatment of Tay-Sachs Disease
Creators: name: Mark, Brian L.
name: Gray, Steven J.
name: Walia, Jagdeep S.
name: Thompson, Patrick
name: Kaytor, Michael D.
name: Keimel, John G.
name: Tropak, Michael
name: Karumuthil-Melethil, Subha
name: Nagabhushan Kalburgi, Sahana
name: Mahuran, Don
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: GM2 gangliosidosis is a family of three genetic neurodegenerative disorders caused by the accumulation of GM2 ganglioside (GM2) in neuronal tissue. Two of these are due to the deficiency of the heterodimeric (α–β), “A” isoenzyme of lysosomal β-hexosaminidase (HexA). Mutations in the α-subunit (encoded by HEXA) lead to Tay-Sachs disease (TSD), whereas mutations in the β-subunit (encoded by HEXB) lead to Sandhoff disease (SD). The third form results from a deficiency of the GM2 activator protein (GM2AP), a substrate-specific cofactor for HexA. In their infantile, acute forms, these diseases rapidly progress with mental and psychomotor deterioration resulting in death by approximately 4 years of age. After gene transfer that overexpresses one of the deficient subunits, the amount of HexA heterodimer formed would empirically be limited by the availability of the other endogenous Hex subunit. The present study used a new variant of the human HexA α-subunit, μ, incorporating critical sequences from the β-subunit that produce a stable homodimer (HexM) and promote functional interactions with the GM2AP– GM2 complex. We report the design of a compact adeno-associated viral (AAV) genome using a synthetic promoter–intron combination to allow self-complementary (sc) packaging of the HEXM gene. Also, a previously published capsid mutant, AAV9.47, was used to deliver the gene to brain and spinal cord while having restricted biodistribution to the liver. The novel capsid and cassette design combination was characterized in vivo in TSD mice for its ability to efficiently transduce cells in the central nervous system when delivered intravenously in both adult and neonatal mice. This study demonstrates that the modified HexM is capable of degrading long-standing GM2 storage in mice, and it further demonstrates the potential of this novel scAAV vector design to facilitate widespread distribution of the HEXM gene or potentially other similar-sized genes to the nervous system.
Cognitive Rhythms Reluctantly Revisited
Creators: name: Kowal, Sabine
name: O'Connell, Daniel C.
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Berlin
Year: 1985
Subjects: subject: 400 Sprache
subject: cognitive rhythms
subject: articulation rate

description: Dieser Beitrag ist mit Zustimmung des Rechteinhabers aufgrund einer (DFG geförderten) Allianz- bzw. Nationallizenz frei zugänglich.
description: This publication is with permission of the rights owner freely accessible due to an Alliance licence and a national licence (funded by the DFG, German Research Foundation) respectively.
description: In response to the Power (1983) - Beattie (1984) controversy, a more general critique of the construct of cognitive rhythms is presented. It is argued that the term itself is a misnomer, that the relevance of articulation rate has been neglected, that fluent and hesitant phases of cognitive rhythms have been assessed both subjectively and intuitively, that the speech-production model underlying the concept is simplistic, and that the empirical evidence is based on an extraordinarily small corpus which has been described inadequately in the research literature.
title: Implementing Process Innovations
title: The Benefits of Combining Delegative-Participative With Consultative-Advisory Leadership
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Krause, Diana E.
name: Gebert, Diether
name: Kearney, Eric
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Berlin
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: 650 Management und unterstützende Tätigkeiten
subject: innovation
subject: implementation
subject: leadership
subject: delegation
subject: participation
subject: consultation

description: Dieser Beitrag ist mit Zustimmung des Rechteinhabers aufgrund einer (DFG geförderten) Allianz- bzw. Nationallizenz frei zugänglich.
description: This publication is with permission of the rights owner freely accessible due to an Alliance licence and a national licence (funded by the DFG, German Research Foundation) respectively.
description: Previous research leaves open which facets of leadership foster the implementation of process innovations. In this study, the authors analyze the effects of delegative-participative and consultative-advisory leadership, respectively, on the implementation success of process innovations. They argue that each of these leadership behaviors entails specific advantages and risks and that therefore the two patterns complement each other. The sample consisted of managers from different organizations. Although the posited main effects of both delegative-participative and consultative-advisory leadership are confirmed, the significant interaction between these two leadership styles has a different direction than the authors hypothesized.
Genetic variants in microRNA and microRNA biogenesis pathway genes and breast cancer risk among women of African ancestry
Creators: name: Ingles, Sue A.
name: Ziegler, Regina G.
name: Hennis, Anselm
name: Nemesure, Barbara
name: Ojengbede, Oladosu
name: Kolonel, Laurence N.
name: Nathanson, Katherine L.
name: Qian, Frank
name: Bernstein, Leslie
name: Ogundiran, Temidayo O.
name: Feng, Ye
name: Nyante, Sarah
name: Ambs, Stefan
name: Hu, Jennifer J.
name: Huo, Dezheng
name: John, Esther M.
name: Zheng, Wei
name: Ambrosone, Christine B.
name: Olopade, Olufunmilayo I.
name: Bandera, Elisa V.
name: Press, Michael F.
name: Blot, William
name: Haiman, Christopher A.
name: Zheng, Yonglan
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: MicroRNAs (miRNA) regulate breast biology by binding to specific RNA sequences, leading to RNA degradation and inhibition of translation of their target genes. While germline genetic variations may disrupt some of these interactions between miRNAs and their targets, studies assessing the relationship between genetic variations in the miRNA network and breast cancer risk are still limited, particularly among women of African ancestry.
The 2022 UN Biodiversity Conference: achievements and shortcomings
Creators: name: Tsioumani, Elsa
Publisher: name: Eurac Research
Year: 2023

description: Biodiversity is not only the variety of all life on earth from ecosystems and species to agricultural varieties and soil microorganisms, it is also the source of the essential resources and ecosystem functions that sustain life on our planet. Biodiversity loss, together with climate change and pollution, reinforce each other exacerbating damage to the environment and human health and wellbeing. This [triple planetary crisis](https://www.unep.org/resources/making-peace-nature) is inextricably linked to human activity.
Error field penetration and locking to the backward propagating wave
Creators: name: Finn, John M.
name: Cole, Andrew J.
name: Brennan, Dylan P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Resonant field amplification or error field penetration involves driving a weakly stable tearing perturbation in a rotating toroidal plasma. In this paper it is shown that the locking characteristics for modes with finite real frequencies $ω_{r}$ are quite different from the conventional results. A calculation of the tearing mode amplitude assuming modes with frequencies $\pmω_{r}$ in the plasma frame shows that it is maximized when the frequency of the stable backward propagating mode ($-ω_{r}$) in the lab frame is zero, i.e. when $v=ω_{r}/k$. Even more importantly, the locking torque is exactly zero at the mode phase velocity, with a pronounced peak at just higher rotation, leading to a locked state with plasma velocity $v$ just above the mode phase velocity in the lab frame. Real frequencies $\pmω_{r}$, leading to a $v\rightarrow-v$ symmetry, are known to occur due to the Glasser effect [A.H. Glasser, J.M. Greene, and J.M. Johnson, Phys. Fluids {\bf 19}, 567 (1976).] for modes in the resistive-inertial (RI) regime. This therefore leads to locking of the plasma velocity to just above the phase velocity. It is also shown that similar real frequencies occur over a range of parameters in the visco-resistive (VR) regime with pressure, and the locking torque is similar to that in the RI regime. Real frequencies occur due to diamagnetic effects in other tearing mode regimes and also show this effect, but without the $v\rightarrow-v$ symmetry. Nonlinear effects on the mode amplitude and torque for weakly stable modes or large error fields are discussed. Also, the possibility of applying external fields of different helicities to drive sheared flows in toroidal plasmas is discussed.
description: 15 pages, 9 figures
Supplementary document for High-flux and bright Betatron X-ray source generated from femtosecond laser pulse interaction with sub-critical density plasma - 6227399.pdf
Creators: name: Huang, Ruixian
name: Han, Liqi
name: Shou, Yinren
name: wang, dahui
name: Yu, Tong-Pu
name: Yu, Jinqing
name: Yan, Xueqing
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2023
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Supplemental Document
In silico analysis of freshwater fish major histocompatibility complex class II alpha
Creators: name: Tuan, Tran Ngoc
Publisher: name: Research and Technology Transfer Affairs Division.Khon Kaen University
Year: 2016
Subjects: Freshwater fish, MHC II?, physicochemical characterisation, protein structure.

description: Asia-Pacific Journal of Science and Technology, 21, 4, 1-8
Genome-wide association of familial prostate cancer cases identifies evidence for a rare segregating haplotype at 8q24.21
Creators: name: Leongamornlert, Daniel
name: Eeles, Rosalind A.
name: Southey, Melissa C.
name: Cussenot, Olivier
name: Cooney, Kathleen A.
name: Schleutker, Johanna
name: Cancel-Tassin, Geraldine
name: Fitzgerald, Liesel M.
name: Mandal, Diptasri
name: Thomas, Alun
name: Maier, Christiane
name: Lange, Ethan M.
name: Ray, Anna M.
name: McDonnell, Shannon K.
name: Kaikkonen, Elina M.
name: Riska, Shaun
name: Dadaev, Tokhir
name: Stanford, Janet L.
name: Rinckleb, Antje
name: Thibodeau, Stephen N.
name: Cannon-Albright, Lisa
name: Zuhlke, Kimberly A.
name: Wiley, Kathleen E.
name: Tammela, Teuvo
name: Catalona, William J.
name: Sipeky, Csilla
name: Xu, Jianfeng
name: Walsh, Patrick C.
name: Teerlink, Craig C.
name: Isaacs, William B.
name: Farnham, James
name: Ostrander, Elaine A.
name: Zheng, S. Lilly
name: Stephenson, Robert A.
name: Giles, Graham G.
name: Laurie, Cecelia
name: Isaacs, Sarah D.
name: Laurie, Cathy
name: Kote-Jarai, Zsofia
name: Luedeke, Manuel
name: Schaid, Daniel J.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: Previous genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of prostate cancer risk focused on cases unselected for family history and have reported over 100 significant associations. The International Consortium for Prostate Cancer Genetics (ICPCG) has now performed a GWAS of 2511 (unrelated) familial prostate cancer cases and 1382 unaffected controls from 12 member sites. All samples were genotyped on the Illumina 5M+exome single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) platform. The GWAS identified a significant evidence for association for SNPs in six regions previously associated with prostate cancer in population-based cohorts, including 3q26.2, 6q25.3, 8q24.21, 10q11.23, 11q13.3, and 17q12. Of note, SNP rs138042437 (p = 1.7e−8) at 8q24.21 achieved a large estimated effect size in this cohort (odds ratio = 13.3). 116 previously sampled affected relatives of 62 risk-allele carriers from the GWAS cohort were genotyped for this SNP, identifying 78 additional affected carriers in 62 pedigrees. A test for an excess number of affected carriers among relatives exhibited strong evidence for co-segregation of the variant with disease (p = 8.5e−11). The majority (92 %) of risk-allele carriers at rs138042437 had a consistent estimated haplotype spanning approximately 100 kb of 8q24.21 that contained the minor alleles of three rare SNPs (dosage minor allele frequencies <1.7 %), rs183373024 (PRNCR1), previously associated SNP rs188140481, and rs138042437 (CASC19). Strong evidence for co-segregation of a SNP on the haplotype further characterizes the haplotype as a prostate cancer pre-disposition locus.
Twofold and Fourfold Symmetric Anisotropic Magnetoresistance Effect in A Model with Crystal Field
Creators: name: Kokado, Satoshi
name: Tsunoda, Masakiyo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We theoretically study the twofold and fourfold symmetric anisotropic magnetoresistance (AMR) effects of ferromagnets. We here use the two-current model for a system consisting of a conduction state and localized d states. The localized d states are obtained from a Hamiltonian with a spin--orbit interaction, an exchange field, and a crystal field. From the model, we first derive general expressions for the coefficient of the twofold symmetric term ($C_2$) and that of the fourfold symmetric term ($C_4$) in the AMR ratio. In the case of a strong ferromagnet, the dominant term in $C_2$ is proportional to the difference in the partial densities of states (PDOSs) at the Fermi energy ($E_{\rm F}$) between the $d\varepsilon$ and $dγ$ states, and that in $C_4$ is proportional to the difference in the PDOSs at $E_{\rm F}$ among the $d\varepsilon$ states. Using the dominant terms, we next analyze the experimental results for Fe$_4$N, in which $|C_2|$ and $|C_4|$ increase with decreasing temperature. The experimental results can be reproduced by assuming that the tetragonal distortion increases with decreasing temperature.
description: 42 pages, 11 figures, to be published in J. Phys. Soc. Jpn. Vol. 84 (2015) No. 9, minor mistakes corrected
Thesis: Phenotypic drug screening on engineered human myocardium (Supplementary Material)
Creators: name: Zavodszky, Emese
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description: Supplementary material including graphs, images and python scripts written for the Master Thesis project "Phenotypic drug screening on engineered human myocardium under application of laboratory automatisation" at the Georg-August-University Göttingen, 01.09.2022
Mapping adipose and muscle tissue expression quantitative trait loci in African Americans to identify genes for type 2 diabetes and obesity
Creators: name: Lange, Leslie A.
name: Sale, Michèle M.
name: Chou, Jeff W.
name: Taylor, Kira
name: Guo, Xiuqing
name: Monda, Keri L.
name: Haiman, Christopher A.
name: Palmer, Nicholette D.
name: Edwards, Todd L.
name: Cherry, Kristina
name: Freedman, Barry I.
name: Sajuthi, Satria P.
name: Chen, Gary K.
name: Patel, Sanjay R.
name: Ma, Lijun
name: Palmer, Cameron
name: Calles-Escandon, Jorge
name: Sharma, Neeraj K.
name: North, Kari E.
name: Comeau, Mary E.
name: Kouba, Ethel
name: Bowden, Donald W.
name: Chan, Kei Hang K.
name: McWilliams, David R.
name: Burris, Marcie
name: Beal, John
name: Ng, Maggie C. Y.
name: Das, Swapan K.
name: Byerly, Sara J.
name: Menon, Lata
name: Langefeld, Carl D.
name: Rogers, Samantha
name: Davis, Donna
name: Demons, Jamehl
name: Bielak, Lawrence F.
name: Maruthur, Nisa M.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: Relative to European Americans, type 2 diabetes (T2D) is more prevalent in African Americans (AAs). Genetic variation may modulate transcript abundance in insulin-responsive tissues and contribute to risk; yet published studies identifying expression quantitative trait loci (eQTLs) in African ancestry populations are restricted to blood cells. This study aims to develop a map of genetically regulated transcripts expressed in tissues important for glucose homeostasis in AAs, critical for identifying the genetic etiology of T2D and related traits. Quantitative measures of adipose and muscle gene expression, and genotypic data were integrated in 260 non-diabetic AAs to identify expression regulatory variants. Their roles in genetic susceptibility to T2D, and related metabolic phenotypes were evaluated by mining GWAS datasets. eQTL analysis identified 1,971 and 2,078 cis-eGenes in adipose and muscle, respectively. Cis-eQTLs for 885 transcripts including top cis-eGenes CHURC1, USMG5, and ERAP2, were identified in both tissues. 62.1% of top cis-eSNPs were within ±50kb of transcription start sites and cis-eGenes were enriched for mitochondrial transcripts. Mining GWAS databases revealed association of cis-eSNPs for more than 50 genes with T2D (e.g. PIK3C2A, RBMS1, UFSP1), gluco-metabolic phenotypes, (e.g. INPP5E, SNX17, ERAP2, FN3KRP), and obesity (e.g. POMC, CPEB4). Integration of GWAS meta-analysis data from AA cohorts revealed the most significant association for cis-eSNPs of ATP5SL and MCCC1 genes, with T2D and BMI, respectively. This study developed the first comprehensive map of adipose and muscle tissue eQTLs in AAs (publically accessible at https://mdsetaa.phs.wakehealth.edu) and identified genetically-regulated transcripts for delineating genetic causes of T2D, and related metabolic phenotypes.
KONSEP RUMAH DALAM PANDANGAN ISLAM
Creators: name: Syahputra, Benny
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: rumah, islami, keluarga, bangunan

description: Mendesain rumah yang islami adalah salah satu upaya menegakan syariat dari lingkungan terkecil yaitu rumah tangga. Hal ini sesuai dengan perintah Allah di dalam al-qur’an “ Jagalah kamu dan keluargamu dari api neraka
Identifying gene–gene interactions that are highly associated with four quantitative lipid traits across multiple cohorts
Creators: name: North, Kari E.
name: Jarvik, Gail P.
name: Asselbergs, Folkert W.
name: Carrell, David S.
name: Tromp, Gerard
name: Burt, Amber
name: Holzinger, Emily
name: De, Rishika
name: Kuivaniemi, Helena
name: Ritchie, Marylyn D.
name: Hall, Molly
name: Lanktree, Matthew B.
name: Crosslin, David R.
name: Keating, Brendan
name: Kullo, Iftikhar J.
name: Tragante, Vinicius
name: Moore, Jason H.
name: Drenos, Fotios
name: Verma, Shefali S.
name: Lange, Leslie A.
name: Wilson, James G.
name: Reiner, Alex P.
name: Gilbert-Diamond, Diane
name: Larson, Eric B.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: Genetic loci explain only 25-30 % of the heritability observed in plasma lipid traits. Epistasis, or gene-gene interactions may contribute to a portion of this missing heritability. Using the genetic data from five NHLBI cohorts of 24,837 individuals, we combined the use of the quantitative multifactor dimensionality reduction (QMDR) algorithm with two SNP-filtering methods to exhaustively search for SNP-SNP interactions that are associated with HDL cholesterol (HDL-C), LDL cholesterol (LDL-C), total cholesterol (TC) and triglycerides (TG). SNPs were filtered either on the strength of their independent effects (main effect filter) or the prior knowledge supporting a given interaction (Biofilter). After the main effect filter, QMDR identified 20 SNP-SNP models associated with HDL-C, 6 associated with LDL-C, 3 associated with TC, and 10 associated with TG (permutation P value <0.05). With the use of Biofilter, we identified 2 SNP-SNP models associated with HDL-C, 3 associated with LDL-C, 1 associated with TC and 8 associated with TG (permutation P value <0.05). In an independent dataset of 7502 individuals from the eMERGE network, we replicated 14 of the interactions identified after main effect filtering: 11 for HDL-C, 1 for LDL-C and 2 for TG. We also replicated 23 of the interactions found to be associated with TG after applying Biofilter. Prior knowledge supports the possible role of these interactions in the genetic etiology of lipid traits. This study also presents a computationally efficient pipeline for analyzing data from large genotyping arrays and detecting SNP-SNP interactions that are not primarily driven by strong main effects.
Regensburger+Würzburger Konzept zur barrierearmen Gestaltung von Lehr- und Forschungsräumen für behinderungssensible Bildungsprozesse in der Lehrkräftebildung
Creators: name: Capovilla, Dino
name: Rauh, Bernhard
name: Dworschak, Wolfgang
name: Gebhardt, Markus
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Inklusion, Barrierearm, Barrierefrei, Behinderung, Raumplanung, Gebäudeanforderungen, Abbau von Barrieren
subject: 370 Erziehung, Schul- und Bildungswesen

description: Die Universität ist ein öffentlicher Raum, der in Forschung und Lehre zugänglich und inklusiv für alle Personen sein sollte. Das Regensburger+Würzburger Konzept arbeitet die notwendige Gestaltung und Veränderung von Forschungs- und Lehrräumen für eine uneingeschränkten Teilhabe aller Menschen anhand von leitenden Prinzipien und Fragestellungen heraus. Dies ist insbesondere für heil-, sonder- und inklusionspädagogischen Studienstätten notwendig, da Studierende, Mitarbeitende, externe Referent*innen und Besucher*innen mit Beeinträchtigungen und Behinderungen überproportional häufig vertreten sind. Zusätzlich nimmt das Thema Inklusion einen zentralen Stellenwert ein. Gut ausgestattete Lehr- und Forschungsräume bieten praktische Vorteile, auch für Menschen ohne Beeinträchtigungen und Behinderung. Trotz einer hohen Zugänglichkeit für alle Menschen, können Forschungs- und Lehrräume attraktiv gestaltet sein. Durch die verschiedenen und individuellen Ansprüche der Gruppe der Nutzenden und Möglichkeiten der Umsetzung kann eine Gestaltung von Forschungs- und Lehrräumen nicht pauschal erfolgen, sondern muss im Einzelfall vorher geplant und überprüft werden. Das Regensburger+Würzburger Konzept empfiehlt eine frühzeitige Planung im Sinne des Universal Design anstelle von remedialen, nachträglichen und meist kostenintensiveren Ausbesserungen.
description: in der vorliegenden 2. Version des Werkes wurde die ISSN ergänzt und der Titel verbessert
A critical examination of the recently reported crystal structures of the human SMN protein
Creators: name: Fischer, Utz
name: Weiss, Manfred S.
name: Van Duyne, Gregory D.
name: Grimm, Clemens
name: Read, Randy J.
name: Panjikar, Santosh
name: Matera, A. Gregory
name: Diederichs, Kay
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: A recent publication by Seng et al. in this journal reports the crystallographic structure of refolded, full-length SMN protein and two disease-relevant derivatives thereof. Here, we would like to suggest that at least two of the structures reported in that study are incorrect. We present evidence that one of the associated crystallographic datasets is derived from a crystal of the bacterial Sm-like protein Hfq and that a second dataset is derived from a crystal of the bacterial Gab protein. Both proteins are frequent contaminants of bacterially overexpressed proteins which might have been co-purified during metal affinity chromatography. A third structure presented in the Seng et al. paper cannot be examined further because neither the atomic coordinates, nor the diffraction intensities were made publicly available. The Tudor domain protein SMN has been shown to be a component of the SMN complex, which mediates the assembly of RNA-protein complexes of uridine-rich small nuclear ribonucleoproteins (UsnRNPs). Importantly, this activity is reduced in SMA patients, raising the possibility that the aetiology of SMA is linked to RNA metabolism. Structural studies on diverse components of the SMN complex, including fragments of SMN itself have contributed greatly to our understanding of the cellular UsnRNP assembly machinery. Yet full-length SMN has so far evaded structural elucidation. The Seng et al. study claimed to have closed this gap, but based on the results presented here, the only conclusion that can be drawn is that the Seng et al. study is largely invalid and should be retracted from the literature.
Asteroid 2015 DB216: a recurring co-orbital companion to Uranus
Creators: name: Marcos, C. de la Fuente
name: Marcos, R. de la Fuente
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Minor bodies trapped in 1:1 co-orbital resonances with a host planet could be relevant to explain the origin of captured satellites. Among the giant planets, Uranus has one of the smallest known populations of co-orbitals, three objects, and all of them are short-lived. Asteroid 2015 DB216 has an orbital period that matches well that of Uranus, and here we investigate its dynamical state. Direct N-body calculations are used to assess the current status of this object, reconstruct its immediate dynamical past, and explore its future orbital evolution. A covariance matrix-based Monte Carlo scheme is presented and applied to study its short-term stability. We find that 2015 DB216 is trapped in a temporary co-orbital resonance with Uranus, the fourth known minor body to do so. A detailed analysis of its dynamical evolution shows that it is an unstable but recurring co-orbital companion to Uranus. It currently follows an asymmetric horseshoe trajectory that will last for at least 10 kyr, but it may remain inside Uranus' co-orbital zone for millions of years. As in the case of other transient Uranian co-orbitals, complex multibody ephemeral mean motion resonances trigger the switching between the various resonant co-orbital states. The new Uranian co-orbital exhibits a secular behaviour markedly different from that of the other known Uranian co-orbitals because of its higher inclination, nearly 38 degrees. Given its rather unusual discovery circumstances, the presence of 2015 DB216 hints at the existence of a relatively large population of objects moving in similar orbits.
description: 9 pages, 12 figures, 1 table. Revised to reflect final version published in MNRAS
Comprehensive analysis of schizophrenia-associated loci highlights ion channel pathways and biologically plausible candidate causal genes
Creators: name: Lent, Samantha
name: Hirschhorn, Joel N.
name: Sullivan, Patrick F.
name: Timshel, Pascal
name: Ripke, Stephan
name: O'Donovan, Michael C.
name: Pers, Tune H.
name: Franke, Lude
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: Over 100 associated genetic loci have been robustly associated with schizophrenia. Gene prioritization and pathway analysis have focused on a priori hypotheses and thus may have been unduly influenced by prior assumptions and missed important causal genes and pathways. Using a data-driven approach, we show that genes in associated loci: (1) are highly expressed in cortical brain areas; (2) are enriched for ion channel pathways (false discovery rates <0.05); and (3) contain 62 genes that are functionally related to each other and hence represent promising candidates for experimental follow up. We validate the relevance of the prioritized genes by showing that they are enriched for rare disruptive variants and de novo variants from schizophrenia sequencing studies (odds ratio 1.67, P = 0.039), and are enriched for genes encoding members of mouse and human postsynaptic density proteomes (odds ratio 4.56, P = 5.00 × 10−4; odds ratio 2.60, P = 0.049).The authors wish it to be known that, in their opinion, the first 2 authors should be regarded as joint First Author.
Interrogating ‘effectiveness’ in climate change adaptation: 11 guiding principles for adaptation research and practice
Creators: name: Singh, Chandni
name: Iyer, Soundarya
name: New, Mark G.
name: Few, Roger
name: Kuchimanchi, Bhavana
name: Segnon, Alcade C.
name: Morchain, Daniel
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: The Paris Agreement articulates a global goal on adaptation, which aims to ensure an ‘adequate adaptation response’ to the ‘global temperature goal’, and requires countries to report progress through periodic global stocktakes. However, there remain conceptual and methodological challenges in defining an adaptation goal and mixed evidence on what effective adaptation looks like and how it can be enabled. In this review, we demonstrate how different normative views on adaptation outcomes, arising from different epistemological and disciplinary entry points, can lead to very different interpretations of adaptation effectiveness. We argue that how effectiveness is framed will significantly impact adaptation implementation and outcomes. This, furthermore, represents a way of exercising influence in adaptation decision-making. Eleven principles of effective adaptation are distilled as a way to pluralize guidance in international processes such as the Global Stocktake as well as national and sub-national exercises on tracking and monitoring adaptation.
Visual Quality Enhancement in Optoacoustic Tomography using Active Contour Segmentation Priors
Creators: name: Mandal, Subhamoy
name: Deán-Ben, Xosé Luís
name: Razansky, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Segmentation of biomedical images is essential for studying and characterizing anatomical structures, detection and evaluation of pathological tissues. Segmentation has been further shown to enhance the reconstruction performance in many tomographic imaging modalities by accounting for heterogeneities of the excitation field and tissue properties in the imaged region. This is particularly relevant in optoacoustic tomography, where discontinuities in the optical and acoustic tissue properties, if not properly accounted for, may result in deterioration of the imaging performance. Efficient segmentation of optoacoustic images is often hampered by the relatively low intrinsic contrast of large anatomical structures, which is further impaired by the limited angular coverage of some commonly employed tomographic imaging configurations. Herein, we analyze the performance of active contour models for boundary segmentation in cross-sectional optoacoustic tomography. The segmented mask is employed to construct a two compartment model for the acoustic and optical parameters of the imaged tissues, which is subsequently used to improve accuracy of the image reconstruction routines. The performance of the suggested segmentation and modeling approach are showcased in tissue-mimicking phantoms and small animal imaging experiments.
description: Accepted for publication in IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging
Fine-mapping of lipid regions in global populations discovers ethnic-specific signals and refines previously identified lipid loci
Creators: name: Buyske, Steven
name: Absher, Devin
name: Buzkova, Petra
name: Sheu, Wayne H.-H.
name: Lee, Wen-Jane
name: Tao, Ran
name: Manichaikul, Ani
name: Bottinger, Erwin P.
name: Chen, Yii-Der Ida
name: Haiman, Christopher
name: Assimes, Themistocles L.
name: Rich, Stephen S.
name: Bush, William S.
name: Lin, Li-An
name: Lu, Yingchang
name: Kichaev, Gleb
name: Stahl, Eli
name: Kooperberg, Charles
name: Ambite, Jose Luis
name: Rotter, Jerome I.
name: Dumitrescu, Logan
name: Lin, Shih-Yi
name: Graff, Mariaelisa
name: Predazzi, Irene
name: Heiss, Gerardo
name: Haessler, Jeffrey W.
name: Schreiner, Pamela J.
name: Waite, Lindsay L.
name: Lin, Danyu
name: Peters, Ulrike
name: Carty, Cara L.
name: Hung, Yi-Jen
name: Lee, I-Te
name: Cheng, Iona
name: Fornage, Myriam
name: Bielinski, Suzette J.
name: Quertermous, Thomas
name: Crawford, Dana C.
name: Martin, Lisa W.
name: Chuang, Lee-Ming
name: Loos, Ruth J.F.
name: Juang, Jyh-Ming J.
name: Hwu, Chii-Min
name: Cochran, Barbara
name: Zubair, Niha
name: Chung, Ren-Hua
name: Tsai, Michael Y.
name: Pasaniuc, Bogdan
name: Reiner, Alex P.
name: Hsiung, Chao A.
name: Marchand, Loic Le
name: Mackey, Rachel H.
name: Robinson, Jennifer
name: North, Kari E.
name: Gottesman, Omri
name: Wang, Tzung-Dau
name: Ryckman, Kelli K.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: Genome-wide association studies have identified over 150 loci associated with lipid traits, however, no large-scale studies exist for Hispanics and other minority populations. Additionally, the genetic architecture of lipid-influencing loci remains largely unknown. We performed one of the most racially/ethnically diverse fine-mapping genetic studies of HDL-C, LDL-C, and triglycerides to-date using SNPs on the MetaboChip array on 54,119 individuals: 21,304 African Americans, 19,829 Hispanic Americans, 12,456 Asians, and 530 American Indians. The majority of signals found in these groups generalize to European Americans. While we uncovered signals unique to racial/ethnic populations, we also observed systematically consistent lipid associations across these groups. In African Americans, we identified three novel signals associated with HDL-C (LPL, APOA5, LCAT) and two associated with LDL-C (ABCG8, DHODH). In addition, using this population, we refined the location for 16 out of the 58 known MetaboChip lipid loci. These results can guide tailored screening efforts, reveal population-specific responses to lipid-lowering medications, and aid in the development of new targeted drug therapies.
Simultaneous Sparse Approximation and Common Component Extraction using Fast Distributed Compressive Sensing
Creators: name: Mahyari, Arash Golibagh
name: Aviyente, Selin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Simultaneous sparse approximation is a generalization of the standard sparse approximation, for simultaneously representing a set of signals using a common sparsity model. Generalizing the compressive sensing concept to the simultaneous sparse approximation yields distributed compressive sensing (DCS). DCS finds the sparse representation of multiple correlated signals using the common + innovation signal model. However, DCS is not efficient for joint recovery of a large number of signals since it requires large memory and computational time. In this paper, we propose a new hierarchical algorithm to implement the jointly sparse recovery framework of DCS more efficiently. The proposed algorithm is applied to video background extraction problem, where the background corresponds to the common sparse activity across frames.
description: This paper has been withdrawn by the author because it is not completed
The physiological role of the charge distribution on superoxide dismutase
Creators: name: Koppenol, Willem H.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biophysics

description: The asymmetric electric potential field, generated by the ionised amino acid residues (lys, arg, glu, his, and asp) and the metals Cu2+ and Zn2+, repels superoxide from the surface of the protein and guides it toward the redox-active Cu-ions. This explains the extremely fast reaction of superoxide (k = 2x109 M-1s-1) with superoxide dismutase.
Genome-wide association studies in women of African ancestry identified 3q26.21 as a novel susceptibility locus for oestrogen receptor negative breast cancer
Creators: name: Zheng, Yonglan
name: Ojengbede, Oladosu
name: Hu, Jennifer J.
name: Ambrosone, Christine B.
name: Lunetta, Kathryn L.
name: Haddad, Stephen
name: Yao, Song
name: Ruiz-Narváez, Edward A.
name: Bandera, Elisa V.
name: Rodriguez-Gil, Jorge L.
name: Rebbeck, Timothy R.
name: Bernstein, Leslie
name: Cai, Qiuyin
name: Olopade, Olufunmilayo I.
name: Chanock, Stephen J.
name: Hennis, Anselm
name: Simon, Michael S.
name: Zheng, Wei
name: Adebamowo, Clement
name: John, Esther M.
name: Palmer, Julie R.
name: Nyante, Sarah
name: Cox, Nancy J.
name: Haiman, Christopher A.
name: Olshan, Andrew F.
name: Ziegler, Regina G.
name: Falusi, Adeyinka G.
name: Signorello, Lisa
name: Ingles, Sue A.
name: Domchek, Susan M.
name: Nathanson, Katherine L.
name: Cristina Leske,
name: Huo, Dezheng
name: Han, Yoo-Jeong
name: Kolonel, Laurence N.
name: Ogundiran, Temidayo O.
name: Deming, Sandra L.
name: Qian, Frank
name: Nemesure, Barbara
name: Ambs, Stefan
name: Gamazon, Eric R.
name: Bensen, Jeannette T.
name: Press, Michael F.
name: Sucheston-Campbell, Lara E.
name: Chen, Lin S.
name: Blot, William
name: Feng, Ye
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: Multiple breast cancer loci have been identified in previous genome-wide association studies, but they were mainly conducted in populations of European ancestry. Women of African ancestry are more likely to have young-onset and oestrogen receptor (ER) negative breast cancer for reasons that are unknown and understudied. To identify genetic risk factors for breast cancer in women of African descent, we conducted a meta-analysis of two genome-wide association studies of breast cancer; one study consists of 1,657 cases and 2,029 controls genotyped with Illumina's HumanOmni2.5 BeadChip and the other study included 3,016 cases and 2,745 controls genotyped using Illumina Human1M-Duo BeadChip. The top 18,376 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) from the meta-analysis were replicated in the third study that consists of 1,984 African Americans cases and 2,939 controls. We found that SNP rs13074711, 26.5 Kb upstream of TNFSF10 at 3q26.21, was significantly associated with risk of oestrogen receptor (ER)-negative breast cancer (odds ratio [OR]=1.29, 95% CI: 1.18-1.40; P = 1.8 × 10 (-) (8)). Functional annotations suggest that the TNFSF10 gene may be involved in breast cancer aetiology, but further functional experiments are needed. In addition, we confirmed SNP rs10069690 was the best indicator for ER-negative breast cancer at 5p15.33 (OR = 1.30; P = 2.4 × 10 (-) (10)) and identified rs12998806 as the best indicator for ER-positive breast cancer at 2q35 (OR = 1.34; P = 2.2 × 10 (-) (8)) for women of African ancestry. These findings demonstrated additional susceptibility alleles for breast cancer can be revealed in diverse populations and have important public health implications in building race/ethnicity-specific risk prediction model for breast cancer.
Genome-wide association study of biologically informed periodontal complex traits offers novel insights into the genetic basis of periodontal disease
Creators: name: Divaris, Kimon
name: Marchesan, Julie T.
name: Offenbacher, Steven
name: Laudes, Matthias
name: Sun, Lu
name: Schaefer, Arne S.
name: North, Kari E.
name: Moss, Kevin L.
name: Munz, Matthias
name: Morelli, Thiago
name: Zhang, Shaoping
name: Barros, Silvana P.
name: Beck, James D.
name: Kim, Steven
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of chronic periodontitis (CP) defined by clinical criteria alone have had modest success to-date. Here, we refine the CP phenotype by supplementing clinical data with biological intermediates of microbial burden (levels of eight periodontal pathogens) and local inflammatory response (gingival crevicular fluid IL-1β) and derive periodontal complex traits (PCTs) via principal component analysis. PCTs were carried forward to GWAS (∼2.5 million markers) to identify PCT-associated loci among 975 European American adult participants of the Dental ARIC study. We sought to validate these findings for CP in the larger ARIC cohort (n = 821 participants with severe CP, 2031—moderate CP, 1914—healthy/mild disease) and an independent German sample including 717 aggressive periodontitis cases and 4210 controls. We identified six PCTs with distinct microbial community/IL-1β structures, although with overlapping clinical presentations. PCT1 was characterized by a uniformly high pathogen load, whereas PCT3 and PCT5 were dominated by Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans and Porphyromonas gingivalis, respectively. We detected genome-wide significant signals for PCT1 (CLEC19A, TRA, GGTA2P, TM9SF2, IFI16, RBMS3), PCT4 (HPVC1) and PCT5 (SLC15A4, PKP2, SNRPN). Overall, the highlighted loci included genes associated with immune response and epithelial barrier function. With the exception of associations of BEGAIN with severe and UBE3D with moderate CP, no other loci were associated with CP in ARIC or aggressive periodontitis in the German sample. Although not associated with current clinically determined periodontal disease taxonomies, upon replication and mechanistic validation these candidate loci may highlight dysbiotic microbial community structures and altered inflammatory/immune responses underlying biological sub-types of CP.
A 4D-2D equivalence for large-N Yang-Mills theory
Creators: name: Basar, Gokce
name: Cherman, Aleksey
name: Dienes, Keith R.
name: McGady, David A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: General string-theoretic considerations suggest that four-dimensional large-N gauge theories should have dual descriptions in terms of two-dimensional conformal field theories. However, for non-supersymmetric confining theories such as pure Yang-Mills theory, a long-standing challenge has been to explicitly show that such dual descriptions actually exist. In this paper, we consider the large-N limit of four-dimensional pure Yang-Mills theory compactified on a three-sphere in the solvable limit where the sphere radius is small compared to the strong length scale, and demonstrate that the confined-phase spectrum of this gauge theory coincides with the spectrum of an irrational two-dimensional conformal field theory.
description: v2: various minor clarifications and corrections, references added
Noncommutative spaces and covariant formulation of statistical mechanics
Creators: name: Hosseinzadeh, V.
name: Gorji, M. A.
name: Nozari, K.
name: Vakili, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the statistical mechanics of a general Hamiltonian system in the context of symplectic structure of the corresponding phase space. This covariant formalism reveals some interesting correspondences between properties of the phase space and the associated statistical physics. While topology, as a global property, turns out to be related to the total number of microstates, the invariant measure which assigns {\it a priori} probability distribution over the microstates, is determined by the local form of the symplectic structure. As an example of a model for which the phase space has a nontrivial topology, we apply our formulation on the Snyder noncommutative space-time with de Sitter four-momentum space and analyze the results. Finally, in the framework of such a setup, we examine our formalism by studying the thermodynamical properties of a harmonic oscillator system.
description: 12 two column pages, 2 figures, Final version