cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Comparison Among Some Models of Orientation Selectivity
Creators: name: Teich, Andrew Franklin
name: Qian, Ning
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Pathology
subject: Neurosciences
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Several models exist for explaining primary visual cortex (V1) orientation tuning. The modified feedforward model (MFM) and the recurrent model (RM) are major examples. We have implemented these two models, at the same level of detail, alongside a few newer variations, and thoroughly compared their receptive-field structures. We found that antiphase inhibition in the MFM enhances both spatial phase information and orientation tuning, producing well-tuned simple cells. This remains true for a newer version of the MFM that incorporates untuned complex-cell inhibition. In contrast, when the recurrent connections in the RM are strong enough to produce typical V1 orientation tuning, they also eliminate spatial phase information, making the cells complex. Introducing phase specificity into the connections of the RM (as done in an original version of the RM) can make the cells phase sensitive, but the cells show an incorrect 90° peak shift of orientation tuning under opposite contrast signs. An inhibition-dominant version of the RM can generate well-tuned cells across the simple–complex spectrum, but it predicts that the net effect of cortical interactions is to suppress feedforward excitation across all orientations in simple cells. Finally, adding antiphase inhibition used in the MFM into the RM produces a most general model. We call this new model the modified recurrent model (MRM) and show that this model can also produce well-tuned cells throughout the simple–complex spectrum. Unlike the inhibition-dominant RM, the MRM is consistent with data from cat V1, suggesting that the net effect of cortical interactions is to boost simple cell responses at the preferred orientation. These results suggest that the MFM is well suited for explaining orientation tuning in simple cells, whereas the standard RM is for complex cells. The assignment of the RM to complex cells also avoids conflicts between the RM and the experiments of cortical inactivation (done on simple cells) and the spatial-frequency dependency of orientation tuning (found in simple cells). Because orientation-tuned V1 cells show a continuum of simple- to complex-cell behavior, the MRM provides the best description of V1 data.
The Effect of Epigenetic Blocking on Dynamic Multi-Objective Optimisation Problems
Creators: name: Yuen, Sizhe
name: Ezard, Thomas H. G.
name: Sobey, Adam J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Hundreds of Evolutionary Computation approaches have been reported. From an evolutionary perspective they focus on two fundamental mechanisms: cultural inheritance in Swarm Intelligence and genetic inheritance in Evolutionary Algorithms. Contemporary evolutionary biology looks beyond genetic inheritance, proposing a so-called ``Extended Evolutionary Synthesis''. Many concepts from the Extended Evolutionary Synthesis have been left out of Evolutionary Computation as interest has moved toward specific implementations of the same general mechanisms. One such concept is epigenetic inheritance, which is increasingly considered central to evolutionary thinking. Epigenetic mechanisms allow quick non- or partially-genetic adaptations to environmental changes. Dynamic multi-objective optimisation problems represent similar circumstances to the natural world where fitness can be determined by multiple objectives (traits), and the environment is constantly changing. This paper asks if the advantages that epigenetic inheritance provide in the natural world are replicated in dynamic multi-objective optimisation problems. Specifically, an epigenetic blocking mechanism is applied to a state-of-the-art multi-objective genetic algorithm, MOEA/D-DE, and its performance is compared on three sets of dynamic test functions, FDA, JY, and UDF. The mechanism shows improved performance on 12 of the 16 test problems, providing initial evidence that more algorithms should explore the wealth of epigenetic mechanisms seen in the natural world.
description: Published in GECCO '22: Proceedings of the Genetic and Evolutionary Computation Conference Companion
Environmental, Health and Safety Impacts of Nanoparticles n°08, December 2012
Creators: name: Spalla, Olivier
name: Flahaut, Emmanuel
name: Manier, Nicolas
Publisher: name: Observatoire des Micro & Nano Technologies – OMNT
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Environmental, Health and Safety Impacts of Nanoparticles
subject: Strategic Watch
subject: Detection and Characterization
subject: Toxicology: In vitro studies
subject: Toxicology: Ecotoxicology

description: Strategic Watch OMNT–Environmental, Health and Safety Impacts of Nanoparticles; n°08; December 2012; 1-9
description: Analyse d’experts
Replanning in Domains with Partial Information and Sensing Actions
Creators: name: Brafman, Ronen I.
name: Shani, Guy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Replanning via determinization is a recent, popular approach for online planning in MDPs. In this paper we adapt this idea to classical, non-stochastic domains with partial information and sensing actions, presenting a new planner: SDR (Sample, Determinize, Replan). At each step we generate a solution plan to a classical planning problem induced by the original problem. We execute this plan as long as it is safe to do so. When this is no longer the case, we replan. The classical planning problem we generate is based on the translation-based approach for conformant planning introduced by Palacios and Geffner. The state of the classical planning problem generated in this approach captures the belief state of the agent in the original problem. Unfortunately, when this method is applied to planning problems with sensing, it yields a non-deterministic planning problem that is typically very large. Our main contribution is the introduction of state sampling techniques for overcoming these two problems. In addition, we introduce a novel, lazy, regression-based method for querying the agents belief state during run-time. We provide a comprehensive experimental evaluation of the planner, showing that it scales better than the state-of-the-art CLG planner on existing benchmark problems, but also highlighting its weaknesses with new domains. We also discuss its theoretical guarantees.
Environmental, Health and Safety Impacts of Nanoparticles n°12, December 2013
Creators: name: Flahaut, Emmanuel
name: Van Der Meeren, Anne
name: Lacroix, Ghislaine
Publisher: name: Observatoire des Micro & Nano Technologies – OMNT
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Environmental, Health and Safety Impacts of Nanoparticles
subject: Strategic Watch
subject: Toxicology: In vitro studies
subject: Toxicology: In vivo rodent studies

description: Strategic Watch OMNT–Environmental, Health and Safety Impacts of Nanoparticles; n°12; December 2013; 1-7
description: Analyse d’experts
Fast Bootstrapping and Permutation Testing for Assessing Reproducibility and Interpretability of Multivariate fMRI Decoding Models
Creators: name: Conroy, Bryan R.
name: Walz, Jennifer Marie
name: Sajda, Paul
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Biomedical engineering
subject: Neurosciences
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Multivariate decoding models are increasingly being applied to functional magnetic imaging (fMRI) data to interpret the distributed neural activity in the human brain. These models are typically formulated to optimize an objective function that maximizes decoding accuracy. For decoding models trained on full-brain data, this can result in multiple models that yield the same classification accuracy, though some may be more reproducible than others—i.e. small changes to the training set may result in very different voxels being selected. This issue of reproducibility can be partially controlled by regularizing the decoding model. Regularization, along with the cross-validation used to estimate decoding accuracy, typically requires retraining many (often on the order of thousands) of related decoding models. In this paper we describe an approach that uses a combination of bootstrapping and permutation testing to construct both a measure of cross-validated prediction accuracy and model reproducibility of the learned brain maps. This requires re-training our classification method on many re-sampled versions of the fMRI data. Given the size of fMRI datasets, this is normally a time-consuming process. Our approach leverages an algorithm called fast simultaneous training of generalized linear models (FaSTGLZ) to create a family of classifiers in the space of accuracy vs. reproducibility. The convex hull of this family of classifiers can be used to identify a subset of Pareto optimal classifiers, with a single-optimal classifier selectable based on the relative cost of accuracy vs. reproducibility. We demonstrate our approach using full-brain analysis of elastic-net classifiers trained to discriminate stimulus type in an auditory and visual oddball event-related fMRI design. Our approach and results argue for a computational approach to fMRI decoding models in which the value of the interpretation of the decoding model ultimately depends upon optimizing a joint space of accuracy and reproducibility.
A Note on Equivalence Classes of Directed Acyclic Independence Graphs
Creators: name: Madigan, David B.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1993
Subjects: subject: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Statistics

description: Directed acyclic independence graphs (DAIGs) play an important role in recent developments in probabilistic expert systems and influence diagrams (Chyu [1]). The purpose of this note is to show that DAIGs can usefully be grouped into equivalence classes where the members of a single class share identical Markov properties. These equivalence classes can be identified via a simple graphical criterion. This result is particularly relevant to model selection procedures for DAIGs (see, e.g., Cooper and Herskovits [2] and Madigan and Raftery [4]) because it reduces the problem of searching among possible orientations of a given graph to that of searching among the equivalence classes.
Reconfiguration, swelling and tagged monomer dynamics of a single polymer chain in Gaussian and non-Gaussian active baths
Creators: name: Goswami, Koushik
name: Chaki, Subhasish
name: Chakrabarti, Rajarshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this topical review, we give an overview of the structure and dynamics of a single polymer chain in active baths, Gaussian or non-Gaussian. The review begins with the discussion of single flexible or semiflexible linear polymer chains subjected to two noises, thermal and active. The active noise has either Gaussian or non-Gaussian distribution but has a memory, accounting for the persistent motion of the active bath particles. This finite persistence makes the reconfiguration dynamics of the chain slow as compared to the purely thermal case and the chain swells. The active noise also results superdiffusive or ballistic motion of the tagged monomer. We present all the calculations in details but mainly focus on the analytically exact or almost exact results on the topic, as obtained from our group in recent years. In addition, we briefly mention important works of other groups and include some of our new results. The review concludes with pointing out the implications of polymer chains in active bath in biologically relevant context and its future directions.
Light Non-degenerate Composite Partners at the LHC
Creators: name: Delaunay, Cédric
name: Flacke, Thomas
name: Gonzalez-Fraile, J.
name: Lee, Seung J.
name: Panico, Giuliano
name: Perez, Gilad
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the implications of a large degree of compositeness for the light generation quarks in composite pseudo-Nambu-Goldstone-boson Higgs models. We focus in particular on viable scenarios where the right-handed up-type quarks have a sizable mixing with the strong dynamics. For concreteness we assume the latter to be characterized by an SO(5)/SO(4) symmetry with fermionic resonances in the SO(4) singlet and fourplet representations. Singlet partners dominantly decay to a Higgs boson and jets. As no dedicated searches are currently looking for these final states, singlet partners can still be rather light. Conversely, some fourplet partners dominantly decay to an electroweak gauge boson and a jet, a signature which has been analyzed at the LHC. To constrain the parameter space of this scenario we have reinterpreted various LHC analyses. In the limit of first two generation degeneracy, as in minimal flavor violation or U(2)-symmetric flavor models, fourplet partners need to be relatively heavy, with masses above 1.8 TeV, or the level of compositeness needs to be rather small. The situation is rather different in models that deviate from the first two generation degeneracy paradigm, as the charm parton distribution functions are suppressed relative to the up quark ones. The right-handed charm quark can be composite and its partners being as light as 600 GeV, while the right-handed up quark needs either to be mostly elementary or to have its partners as heavy as 2 TeV. Models with fully composite singlet fermions are also analyzed, leading to similar conclusions. Finally, we consider the case where both the fourplet and the singlet states are present. In this case the bounds could be significantly weaken due to a combination of smaller production rates and the opening of new channels including cascade processes.
description: 49 pages, 18 figures
Matériaux et Composants pour l'Optique Juin 2014
Creators: name: Bardinal, Veronique
name: Benchabane, Sarah
name: Bigot, Laurent
name: Blanc, Wilfried
name: Centeno, Emmanuel
name: Chauvin, Nicolas
name: Courjal, Nadege
name: Fick, Jochen
name: Ledoux, Gilles
name: Mounier, Eric
name: Sauvan, Christophe
Publisher: name: Observatoire des Micro & Nano Technologies – OMNT
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Matériaux et Composants pour l'Optique
subject: Veille Stratégique
subject: Matériaux et procédés - Compréhension des phénomènes
subject: Composants et dispositifs
subject: Fibres optiques
subject: Composants et systèmes à base de laser
subject: Intégration système de fonctions et composants optiques
subject: Informations technico-économiques

description: Veille stratégique OMNT–Matériaux et Composants pour l'Optique ; n° 55; Juin 2014 ; 1-21 ; ISSN 1777-1668
description: Analyse d’experts
Wirtschaftswachstum um jeden Preis?
Creators: name: Assubuji, Paula
Publisher: name: südostasien – Zeitschrift für Politik • Kultur • Dialog
Year: 2023

description: Kambodscha: Die kapitalistische Wirtschaftsweise schadet Mensch und Umwelt. Mögliche Vorteile von Entwicklung werden durch negative Auswirkungen konterkariert.
description: südostasien – Zeitschrift für Politik • Kultur • Dialog, Bd. 40 Nr. 1 (2023): Entwicklung für wen?
Mit Hochgeschwindigkeit zu mehr Infrastruktur?
Creators: name: Klabisch, Joanna
Publisher: name: südostasien – Zeitschrift für Politik • Kultur • Dialog
Year: 2023

description: Indonesien/China: Das Potenzial chinesischer Entwicklungszusammenarbeit liegt in Finanzkraft, Infrastruktur-Erfahrung und Technologietransfer. Negative Auswirkungen dürfen jedoch nicht unterschätzt werden, wie das Beispiel der Jakarta-Bandung-Hochgeschwindigkeitsbahn zeigt.
description: südostasien – Zeitschrift für Politik • Kultur • Dialog, Bd. 40 Nr. 1 (2023): Entwicklung für wen?
title: L'ennui durant le séjour psychiatrique
title: vécu des usagers et pistes d'intervention des ergothérapeutes
titleType: Subtitle
title: L'ennui durant le séjour psychiatrique
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Dévaud, Emilie
name: Maillard, Marion
name: Mendes, Jessica
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 0
Subjects: subject: Ennui
subject: Ergothérapie
subject: Institution psychiatrique

description: Introduction : L’ennui est un ressenti complexe qui questionne encore les chercheurs. De nombreuses études montrent qu’il peut avoir des effets délétères pour la santé physique et psychique. Les personnes atteintes d’un trouble de santé mentale sont particulièrement vulnérables à ses conséquences lorsqu’elles sont hospitalisées. Cependant, l’ennui est actuellement peu pris en compte en milieu psychiatrique. Les ergothérapeutes, qui semblent qualifiés pour répondre à ce problème, souhaitent le considérer davantage dans leurs interventions. Buts : Ce travail vise à explorer, décrire et saisir l’expérience de l’ennui dans le contexte de l’hospitalisation en psychiatrie. Un premier volet de ce travail explore le point de vue d’usagers, tandis qu’un second sollicite l’expertise d’ergothérapeutes pour élaborer des potentielles pistes de prise en charge pour l’ennui propres au contexte suisse-romand. Méthode : Cette étude qualitative a été réalisée avec un design descriptif-interprétatif. Un entretien individuel a été réalisé avec une usagère (n = 1) anciennement hospitalisée dans un service de soins aigus de psychiatrie du Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CHUV). Deux groupes de discussion focalisée ont été menés avec des ergothérapeutes (n = 16) du département de psychiatrie du CHUV. Résultats : L’usagère a rapporté s’être fréquemment ennuyée lors de son hospitalisation en psychiatrie. Elle a abordé les circonstances et les répercussions de cet ennui ainsi que des stratégies personnelles pour y remédier. La problématique de l’ennui a été posée lors du premier groupe de discussion focalisée avec les ergothérapeutes. La seconde rencontre a fait émerger neuf thèmes réunis en un processus d’intervention : l’écoute et la disponibilité, aborder l’ennui, évaluer l’ennui, le travail interdisciplinaire, le sens de l’activité, le développement de stratégies personnelles, l’autodétermination, la participation sociale et l’éducation thérapeutique. Conclusion : Ce travail a relevé la complexité de l’ennui vécu par les patients durant l’hospitalisation et l’importance pour les professionnels de le considérer sérieusement. L’étude propose des pistes d’intervention concrètes, sous la forme d’un processus, pour la pratique en ergothérapie. [Résumé des auteures]
strategFTO: Untimed control for timed opacity
Creators: name: André, Étienne
name: Bolat, Shapagat
name: Lefaucheux, Engel
name: Marinho, Dylan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Formal Languages and Automata Theory (cs.FL)
subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We introduce a prototype tool strategFTO addressing the verification of a security property in critical software. We consider a recent definition of timed opacity where an attacker aims to deduce some secret while having access only to the total execution time. The system, here modeled by timed automata, is deemed opaque if for any execution time, there are either no corresponding runs, or both public and private corresponding runs. We focus on the untimed control problem: exhibiting a controller, i.e., a set of allowed actions, such that the system restricted to those actions is fully timed-opaque. We first show that this problem is not more complex than the full timed opacity problem, and then we propose an algorithm, implemented and evaluated in practice.
description: This work is partially supported by the ANR-NRF French-Singaporean research program ProMiS (ANR-19-CE25-0015 / 2019 ANR NRF 0092) and the ANR research program BisoUS. Experiments presented in this paper were carried out using the Grid'5000 testbed, supported by a scientific interest group hosted by Inria and including CNRS, RENATER and several universities as well as other organizations
Generating Approximate Solutions to the TTP using a Linear Distance Relaxation
Creators: name: Hoshino, Richard
name: Kawarabayashi, Ken-ichi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In some domestic professional sports leagues, the home stadiums are located in cities connected by a common train line running in one direction. For these instances, we can incorporate this geographical information to determine optimal or nearly-optimal solutions to the n-team Traveling Tournament Problem (TTP), an NP-hard sports scheduling problem whose solution is a double round-robin tournament schedule that minimizes the sum total of distances traveled by all n teams. We introduce the Linear Distance Traveling Tournament Problem (LD-TTP), and solve it for n=4 and n=6, generating the complete set of possible solutions through elementary combinatorial techniques. For larger n, we propose a novel "expander construction" that generates an approximate solution to the LD-TTP. For n congruent to 4 modulo 6, we show that our expander construction produces a feasible double round-robin tournament schedule whose total distance is guaranteed to be no worse than 4/3 times the optimal solution, regardless of where the n teams are located. This 4/3-approximation for the LD-TTP is stronger than the currently best-known ratio of 5/3 + epsilon for the general TTP. We conclude the paper by applying this linear distance relaxation to general (non-linear) n-team TTP instances, where we develop fast approximate solutions by simply "assuming" the n teams lie on a straight line and solving the modified problem. We show that this technique surprisingly generates the distance-optimal tournament on all benchmark sets on 6 teams, as well as close-to-optimal schedules for larger n, even when the teams are located around a circle or positioned in three-dimensional space.
Look Around and Refer: 2D Synthetic Semantics Knowledge Distillation for 3D Visual Grounding
Creators: name: Bakr, Eslam Mohamed
name: Alsaedy, Yasmeen
name: Elhoseiny, Mohamed
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The 3D visual grounding task has been explored with visual and language streams comprehending referential language to identify target objects in 3D scenes. However, most existing methods devote the visual stream to capturing the 3D visual clues using off-the-shelf point clouds encoders. The main question we address in this paper is "can we consolidate the 3D visual stream by 2D clues synthesized from point clouds and efficiently utilize them in training and testing?". The main idea is to assist the 3D encoder by incorporating rich 2D object representations without requiring extra 2D inputs. To this end, we leverage 2D clues, synthetically generated from 3D point clouds, and empirically show their aptitude to boost the quality of the learned visual representations. We validate our approach through comprehensive experiments on Nr3D, Sr3D, and ScanRefer datasets and show consistent performance gains compared to existing methods. Our proposed module, dubbed as Look Around and Refer (LAR), significantly outperforms the state-of-the-art 3D visual grounding techniques on three benchmarks, i.e., Nr3D, Sr3D, and ScanRefer. The code is available at https://eslambakr.github.io/LAR.github.io/.
Post-stimulus Endogenous and Exogenous Oscillations Are Differentially Modulated by Task Difficulty
Creators: name: Sajda, Paul
name: Gao, Xiaorong
name: Lou, Bin
name: Li, Yun
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Biomedical engineering
subject: Neurosciences
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Bioinformatics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We investigate the modulation of post-stimulus endogenous and exogenous oscillations when a visual discrimination is made more difficult. We use exogenous frequency tagging to induce steady-state visually evoked potentials (SSVEP) while subjects perform a face-car discrimination task, the difficulty of which varies on a trial-to-trial basis by varying the noise (phase coherence) in the image. We simultaneously analyze amplitude modulations of the SSVEP and endogenous alpha activity as a function of task difficulty. SSVEP modulation can be viewed as a neural marker of attention toward/away from the primary task, while modulation of post-stimulus alpha is closely related to cortical information processing. We find that as the task becomes more difficult, the amplitude of SSVEP decreases significantly, approximately 250–450 ms post-stimulus. Significant changes in endogenous alpha amplitude follow SSVEP modulation, occurring at approximately 400–700 ms post-stimulus and, unlike the SSVEP, the alpha amplitude is increasingly suppressed as the task becomes less difficult. Our results demonstrate simultaneous measurement of endogenous and exogenous oscillations that are modulated by task difficulty, and that the specific timing of these modulations likely reflects underlying information processing flow during perceptual decision-making.
Thailands Gesundheitswesen in Bildern
Creators: name: Larpnun, Radda
name: Kongmuang, Roengrit
Publisher: name: südostasien – Zeitschrift für Politik • Kultur • Dialog
Year: 2023

description: Thailand: Der Fotograf Roengrit Kongmuang hat das Gesundheitswesen seines Landes dokumentiert. Trotz vieler Erfolge hat die Covid-19-Pandemie auch dessen Schwächen sichtbar gemacht.
description: südostasien – Zeitschrift für Politik • Kultur • Dialog, Bd. 40 Nr. 1 (2023): Entwicklung für wen?
Towards a metallurgy of neutron star crusts
Creators: name: Kobyakov, D.
name: Pethick, C. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the standard picture of the crust of a neutron star, matter there is simple: a body-centered-cubic (bcc) lattice of nuclei immersed in an essentially uniform electron gas. We show that at densities above that for neutron drip ($\sim4\times10^11$) g cm$^{-3}$ or roughly one thousandth of nuclear matter density, the interstitial neutrons give rise to an attractive interaction between nuclei that renders the lattice unstable. We argue that the likely equilibrium structure is similar to that in displacive ferroelectric materials such as BaTiO$_3$. As a consequence, properties of matter in the inner crust are expected to be much richer than previously appreciated and we mention consequences for observable neutron star properties.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures
Kartografie des Grauens
Creators: name: Werning, Rainer
Publisher: name: südostasien – Zeitschrift für Politik • Kultur • Dialog
Year: 2023

description: Indonesien/Deutschland/USA: Das Buch “Die Jakarta-Methode” von Vincent Bevins ist eine fundierte und beklemmende Spurensuche in puncto staatsterroristischem Antikommunismus.
description: südostasien – Zeitschrift für Politik • Kultur • Dialog, Bd. 40 Nr. 1 (2023): Entwicklung für wen?
You Can’t Think and Hit at the Same Time: Neural Correlates of Baseball Pitch Classification
Creators: name: Sajda, Paul
name: Muraskin, Jordan Scott
name: Sherwin, Jason Samuel
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Bioinformatics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Neurosciences
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biomedical engineering

description: Hitting a baseball is often described as the most difficult thing to do in sports. A key aptitude of a good hitter is the ability to determine which pitch is coming. This rapid decision requires the batter to make a judgment in a fraction of a second based largely on the trajectory and spin of the ball. When does this decision occur relative to the ball’s trajectory and is it possible to identify neural correlates that represent how the decision evolves over a split second? Using single-trial analysis of electroencephalography (EEG) we address this question within the context of subjects discriminating three types of pitches (fastball, curveball, slider) based on pitch trajectories. We find clear neural signatures of pitch classification and, using signal detection theory, we identify the times of discrimination on a trial-to-trial basis. Based on these neural signatures we estimate neural discrimination distributions as a function of the distance the ball is from the plate. We find all three pitches yield unique distributions, namely the timing of the discriminating neural signatures relative to the position of the ball in its trajectory. For instance, fastballs are discriminated at the earliest points in their trajectory, relative to the two other pitches, which is consistent with the need for some constant time to generate and execute the motor plan for the swing (or inhibition of the swing). We also find incorrect discrimination of a pitch (errors) yields neural sources in Brodmann Area 10, which has been implicated in prospective memory, recall, and task difficulty. In summary, we show that single-trial analysis of EEG yields informative distributions of the relative point in a baseball’s trajectory when the batter makes a decision on which pitch is coming.
Prospects of Direct Growth Boron Nitride Films as Substrates for Graphene Electronics
Creators: name: Bresnehan, Michael S.
name: Hollander, Matthew J.
name: Wetherington, Maxwell
name: Wang, Ke
name: Miyagi, Takahira
name: Pastir, Gregory
name: Snyder, David W.
name: Gengler, Jamie J.
name: Voevodin, Andrey A.
name: Mitchel, William C.
name: Robinson, Joshua A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a route for direct growth of boron nitride via a polyborazylene to h-BN conversion process. This two-step growth process ultimately leads to a >25x reduction in the RMS surface roughness of h-BN films when compared to a high temperature growth on Al2O3(0001) and Si(111) substrates. Additionally, the stoichiometry is shown to be highly dependent on the initial polyborazylene deposition temperature. Importantly, CVD graphene transferred to direct-grown boron nitride films on Al2O3 at 400°C results in a >1.5x and >2.5x improvement in mobility compared to CVD graphene transferred to Al2O3 and SiO2 substrates, respectively, which is attributed to the combined reduction of remote charged impurity scattering and surface roughness scattering. Simulation of mobility versus carrier concentration confirms the importance of limiting the introduction of charged impurities in the h-BN film and highlights the importance of these results in producing optimized h-BN substrates for high performance graphene and TMD devices.
description: To be published in the Journal of Materials Research, Focus Issue: Graphene and Beyond
Object Discrimination Based on Depth-from-Occlusion
Creators: name: Finkel, Leif H.
name: Sajda, Paul
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1992
Subjects: subject: Biomedical engineering
subject: Neurosciences
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: We present a model of how objects can be visually discriminated based on the extraction of depth-from-occlusion. Object discrimination requires consideration of both the binding problem and the problem of segmentation. We propose that the visual system binds contours and surfaces by identifying "proto-objects"-compact regions bounded by contours. Proto-objects can then be linked into larger structures. The model is simulated by a system of interconnected neural networks. The networks have biologically motivated architectures and utilize a distributed representation of depth. We present simulations that demonstrate three robust psychophysical properties of the system. The networks are able to stratify multiple occluding objects in a complex scene into separate depth planes. They bind the contours and surfaces of occluded objects (for example, if a tree branch partially occludes the moon, the two "half-moons" are bound into a single object). Finally, the model accounts for human perceptions of illusory contour stimuli.
Global Leadership im Umgang mit multiplen Krisen.
Creators: name: Hornidge, Anna-Katharina
name: Wisskirchen, Alma
Publisher: name: südostasien – Zeitschrift für Politik • Kultur • Dialog
Year: 2023

description: Veränderte globale Rahmenbedingungen stellen die Staatengemeinschaft auch in Bezug auf die Agenda 2030 und die Einlösung der Entwicklungsziele vor neue Herausforderungen.
description: südostasien – Zeitschrift für Politik • Kultur • Dialog, Bd. 40 Nr. 1 (2023): Entwicklung für wen?
Structure of 1-RSB asymptotic Gibbs measures in the diluted p-spin models
Creators: name: Panchenko, Dmitry
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 60K35, 60G09, 82B44

description: In this paper we study asymptotic Gibbs measures in the diluted p-spin models in the so called 1-RSB case, when the overlap takes two values $q_*, q^*\in [0,1].$ When the external field is not present and the overlap is not equal to zero, we prove that such asymptotic Gibbs measures are described by the Mézard-Parisi ansatz conjectured in [MP]. When the external field is present, we prove that the overlap can not be equal to zero and all 1-RSB asymptotic Gibbs measures are described by the Mézard-Parisi ansatz. Finally, we give a characterization of the exceptional case when there is no external field and the smallest overlap value is equal to zero, although it does not go as far as the Mézard-Parisi ansatz. Our approach is based on the cavity computations combined with the hierarchical exchangeability of pure states.
Improved GaInP/GaAs/GaInAs inverted metamorphic triple-junction solar cells by reduction of Zn diffusion in the top subcell
Creators: name: Hinojosa, Manuel
name: Lombardero, Ivan
name: Algora, Carlos
name: Garcia, Ivan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The growth of heavily doped tunnel junctions in inverted metamorphic multijunction solar cells induces a strong diffusion of Zn via a point-defects-assisted mechanism. The redistribution of Zn can compensate the n-type doping in the emitter of the GaInP top junction, degrading severely the conductivity of the whole solar cell and its conversion efficiency. This work evaluates different epitaxial growth strategies to achieve control on the Zn profile of an inverted metamorphic triple-junction structure, including: the reduction of the doping concentration in the tunnel junction to minimize the injection of point defects that trigger the diffusion mechanism; the use of different barrier layers to keep the injected point defects away from active layers and, finally, the minimization of Zn concentration in the AlGaInP back-surface-field layer of the GaInP subcell. This last approach enables a high-conductivity multijunction solar cell device without redesigning the tunnel junction as well as a high electronic quality in the GaInP subcell, which shows a collection efficiency higher than 93% and an open-circuit-voltage offset of 410 mV at 1 sun irradiance. The characterization of final triple-junction devices, including quantum efficiency, electroluminescence, and light current-density-voltage curves at different irradiances, demonstrates a successful integration of all the subcell and tunnel junction components. This way, final solar cells with peak efficiencies exceeding 40% at 500 suns are demonstrated, despite using doping levels in the AlGaInP:Zn back-surface-field of the GaInP subcell and using non-optimized antireflective coatings.
Instrumentation pour la Biologie n°30, Fevrier 2007
Creators: name: Lanneau, Gerard
name: Gidrol, Xavier
name: Berthier, Jean
name: Podgorski, Thomas
name: Khan Malek, Chantal
name: Haguet, Vincent
name: Legrand, Philippe
name: Roux, Stephane
name: Druon, Christian
name: Tabourier, Pierre
name: Puget, Pierre
name: Labat, Clemence
name: Baticle, Veronique
Publisher: name: Observatoire des Micro & Nano Technologies – OMNT
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation pour la Biologie
subject: Veille strategique
subject: Technologies
subject: Greffage et surface
subject: Reconnaissance et hybridation
subject: Microfluidique
subject: Technologies de fabrication et matériaux
subject: Separation
subject: Nanoparticules et sondes
subject: Methodes et systemes de detection
subject: Produits, Marchés et Acteurs

description: Veille Strategique OMNT–Instrumentation pour la Biologie; n°30; Fevrier 2007; 1-24
description: Analyse d’experts
Feministische Entwicklungspolitik: “Niemand darf zurückgelassen werden“
Creators: name: Kry, Suyheang
Publisher: name: südostasien – Zeitschrift für Politik • Kultur • Dialog
Year: 2023

description: Deutschland/Südostasien/Kambodscha: Aktivist*innen aus dem Globalen Süden haben konkrete Erwartungen an die neue feministische Strategie der Bundesregierung.
description: südostasien – Zeitschrift für Politik • Kultur • Dialog, Bd. 40 Nr. 1 (2023): Entwicklung für wen?
Entwicklungspolitik als Mittel von Großmachtinteressen?
Creators: name: Santino Regilme, Salvador
Publisher: name: südostasien – Zeitschrift für Politik • Kultur • Dialog
Year: 2023

description: Südostasien: Welchen Zusammenhang gibt es zwischen Entwicklungshilfe und Verletzung von Menschenrechten? Unser Autor hat dies am Beispiel der Philippinen und Thailand untersucht.
description: südostasien – Zeitschrift für Politik • Kultur • Dialog, Bd. 40 Nr. 1 (2023): Entwicklung für wen?
Micro Nanosystems for Biology n°60, March 2015
Creators: name: Berthier, Jean
name: Boireau, Wilfrid
name: Temple-Boyer, Pierre
name: Ferrigno, Rosaria
name: Malaquin, Laurent
name: Français, Olivier
name: Galas, Jean-Christophe
Publisher: name: Observatoire des Micro & Nano Technologies – OMNT
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Micro and Nanosystems for Biology
subject: Strategic Watch
subject: Microfabrication and Materials
subject: Microfluidics
subject: Cell manipulation and analysis
subject: Integrated assay
subject: Conference report

description: Strategic Watch OMNT–Micro Nanosystems for biology; n° 60; March 2015; 1-21; ISSN 2109-0653X
description: Analyse d’experts
Integrative Semantic Dependency Parsing via Efficient Large-scale Feature Selection
Creators: name: Zhao, Hai
name: Zhang, Xiaotian
name: Kit, Chunyu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Semantic parsing, i.e., the automatic derivation of meaning representation such as an instantiated predicate-argument structure for a sentence, plays a critical role in deep processing of natural language. Unlike all other top systems of semantic dependency parsing that have to rely on a pipeline framework to chain up a series of submodels each specialized for a specific subtask, the one presented in this article integrates everything into one model, in hopes of achieving desirable integrity and practicality for real applications while maintaining a competitive performance. This integrative approach tackles semantic parsing as a word pair classification problem using a maximum entropy classifier. We leverage adaptive pruning of argument candidates and large-scale feature selection engineering to allow the largest feature space ever in use so far in this field, it achieves a state-of-the-art performance on the evaluation data set for CoNLL-2008 shared task, on top of all but one top pipeline system, confirming its feasibility and effectiveness.
Discovery Potential of True Muonium in Belle-II's Existing Dataset
Creators: name: Gargiulo, Ruben
name: Di Meco, Elisa
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: True muonium ($\mu^+\mu^-$) is one of the cleanest bound states, being composed only of leptons, along with true tauonium and positronium. Unlike the latter, true muonium and true tauonium have not been observed so far.

The following article will show that the spin-0 state of True Muonium (para-TM), decaying into two photons, can be observed at a discovery level of significance in the dataset already collected by the Belle-II experiment at the Y(4S) peak. The production of para-TM is achieved via photon-photon fusion, and its observation is based on the detection of the photon pair resulting from its decay, on top of the continuum background due predominantly to light-by-light scattering. The similarities between the dynamical properties of para-TM and hypothetical axion-like particles are pointed out and exploited to simulate Monte Carlo events for the signal.Trigger, acceptance and isolation cuts, along with calorimeter resolution and reconstruction efficiency, are taken into account during the simulation of both signal and background. In order to separate signal and background, a machine learning method, based on extremely randomized trees, is trained on simulated events. Finally, the expected statistical significance of TM observation is evaluated, taking into account systematic uncertainties in a parametric fashion.
Entwicklung für wen?
Creators: name: Grimminger, Anna
name: Schlicher, Moniker
name: Schwieger, Jörg
name: Eberhardt, Robin
Publisher: name: südostasien – Zeitschrift für Politik • Kultur • Dialog
Year: 2023

description: südostasien – Zeitschrift für Politik • Kultur • Dialog, Bd. 40 Nr. 1 (2023): Entwicklung für wen?
Instrumentation for Biology n°33, April 2008
Creators: name: Khan Malek, Chantal
name: Svendsen, Winnie
name: Berthier, Jean
name: Griscom, Laurent
name: Silberzan, Pascal
name: Verdier, Claude
name: Legrand, Philippe
name: Devoisselle, Jean-Marie
Publisher: name: Observatoire des Micro & Nano Technologies – OMNT
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation for Biology
subject: Strategic Watch
subject: Technologies
subject: Microfabrication and Materials
subject: Microfluidics
subject: Cell Manipulation and Analysis
subject: Separation
subject: Drug Delivery
subject: Conference Report

description: Strategic Watch OMNT–Instrumentation for Biology; n°33; April 2008; 1-19
description: Analyse d’experts
Entwicklung braucht Selbstbestimmung
Creators: name: Muhs, Lena
Publisher: name: südostasien – Zeitschrift für Politik • Kultur • Dialog
Year: 2023

description: Indigene im Süden der Philippinen erleben das herrschende Entwicklungskonzept als Bruch ihrer Rechte und als existentielle Bedrohung. Sie halten diesem Konzept ihre eigenen Vorstellungen einer ganzheitlichen Entwicklung entgegen.
description: südostasien – Zeitschrift für Politik • Kultur • Dialog, Bd. 40 Nr. 1 (2023): Entwicklung für wen?
On the accelerated expansion of the cosmos
Creators: name: Schwarz, Dominik J.
name: Bahr-Kalus, Benedict
name: Seikel, Marina
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a short (and necessarily incomplete) review of the evidence for the accelerated expansion of the Universe. The most direct probe of acceleration relies on the detailed study of supernovae (SN) of type Ia. Assuming that these are standardizable candles and that they fairly sample a homogeneous and isotropic Universe, the evidence for acceleration can be tested in a model- and calibration-independent way. Various light-curve fitting procedures have been proposed and tested. While several fitters give consistent results for the so-called Constitution set, they lead to inconsistent results for the recently released SDSS SN. Adopting the SALT fitter and relying on the Union set, cosmic acceleration is detected by a purely kinematic test at 7 sigma when spatial flatness is assumed and at 4 sigma without assumption on the spatial geometry. A weak point of the described method is the local set of SN (at z < 0.2), as these SN are essential to anchor the Hubble diagram. These SN are drawn from a volume much smaller than the Hubble volume and could be affected by local structure. Without the assumption of homogeneity, there is no evidence for acceleration, as the effects of acceleration are degenerate with the effects of inhomogeneities. Unless we sit in the centre of the Universe, such inhomogeneities can be constrained by SN observations by means of tests of the isotropy of the Hubble flow.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures, invited talk given at the School on Nuclear Astrophysics, Erice 2010
On the formation and physical properties of the Intra-Cluster Light in hierarchical galaxy formation models
Creators: name: Contini, E.
name: De Lucia, G.
name: Villalobos, A.
name: Borgani, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the formation of the Intra-Cluster Light (ICL) using a semi-analytic model of galaxy formation, coupled to merger trees extracted from N-body simulations of groups and clusters. We assume that the ICL forms by (1) stellar stripping of satellite galaxies and (2) relaxation processes that take place during galaxy mergers. The fraction of ICL in groups and clusters predicted by our models ranges between 10 and 40 per cent, with a large halo-to-halo scatter and no halo mass dependence. We note, however, that our predicted ICL fractions depend on the resolution: for a set of simulations with particle mass one order of magnitude larger than that adopted in the high resolution runs used in our study, we find that the predicted ICL fractions are ~30-40 per cent larger than those found in the high resolution runs. On cluster scale, large part of the scatter is due to a range of dynamical histories, while on smaller scale it is driven by individual accretion events and stripping of very massive satellites, $M_{*} \gtrsim 10^{10.5} M_{\odot}$, that we find to be the major contributors to the ICL. The ICL in our models forms very late (below $z\sim 1$), and a fraction varying between 5 and 25 per cent of it has been accreted during the hierarchical growth of haloes. In agreement with recent observational measurements, we find the ICL to be made of stars covering a relatively large range of metallicity, with the bulk of them being sub-solar.
description: Accepted for Publication in MNRAS, 19 pages, 13 figures, 1 table
Micro Nanosystems for Biology n°38, April 2009
Creators: name: Khan Malek, Chantal
name: Colpo, Pascal
name: Berthier, Jean
name: Thomy, Vincent
name: Silberzan, Pascal
name: Thery, Manuel
name: Roupioz, Yoann
name: Roux, Stéphane
name: Semetey, Vincent
Publisher: name: Observatoire des Micro & Nano Technologies – OMNT
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Micro Nanosystems for Biology
subject: Strategic Watch
subject: Technologies
subject: Microfabrication and Materials
subject: Microfluidics
subject: Cell Manipulation and Analysis
subject: Detection
subject: Applications: imaging
subject: Applications: Drug Delivery

description: Strategic Watch OMNT–Micro Nanosystems for biology; n°38; April 2009; 1-15
description: Analyse d’experts
Micro Nanosystems for Biology n°57, June 2014
Creators: name: Berthier, Jean
name: Villard, Catherine
name: Temple-Boyer, Pierre
name: Ferrigno, Rosaria
name: Boireau, Wilfrid
Publisher: name: Observatoire des Micro & Nano Technologies – OMNT
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Micro Nanosystems for Biology
subject: Strategic Watch
subject: Microfluidics
subject: Microfabrication and Materials
subject: Screening
subject: Detection

description: Strategic Watch OMNT–Micro Nanosystems for biology; n° 57; June 2014; 1-15; ISSN 2109-0653X
description: Analyse d’experts