cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Coles Bay and the Freycinet Peninsula
Creators: name: Patterson, CJ
Publisher: name: University Of Tasmania
Year: 2023
Subjects: Social geography

description: Coles Bay is a small coastal community adjacent to Freycinet Peninsula on the east coast of Tasmania, Australia, where community and environment together form a geographical and social entity within distinct natural boundaries. To explore the relationships between community, economy and ecology at this site a theory of cultural-economic relations is tested. Hence, the research is motivated by a set of assumptions and understandings about the depth of people's entangled relationships to place which are too complex to reduce to a hypothetical research question. Using the structure of a case study, the project is informed by Pierre Bourdieu's conceptualisation of cultural capital, and is guided by his postulation of the character of the 'field' in social research. It is grounded in socia-cultural studies of place and community, ecological economics and environmental theory, and is framed in terms of the types of capital deemed most apposite for this study - cultural, economic and natural. Three populations compromising the communities associated with this place - long term residents, repeat holiday visitors and single visit tourists - are identified and examined. In the study site, the complexity of the relationships of people to place is revealed, and Coles Bay and the Freycinet Peninsula are confirmed as a field of competition between cultural capital and economic capital over the use of natural capital. The results show the relationships between cultural, economic and natural capital are also seen to operate outside the study site within communities of interest, in structures of governance and in private enterprise. Although the dynamics of the social, economic and environmental realities of Coles Bay and the Freycinet Peninsula are complex and interlinked, their viable management constitutes a strategic model for any small community of similar character and location facing similar challenges into the future.
Wyślepkowate (Conopidae), lwinkowate (Stratiomyidae), bzygowate (Syrphidae) i pośniadkowate (Xylomyidae) (Diptera) okolic Pleszewa (Nizina Wielkopolsko-Kujawska, Polska) / Thick-headed flies (Conopidae), soldier flies (Stratiomyidae), hoverflies (Syrphidae) and wood soldier flies (Xylomyidae) (Diptera) from the Pleszew area  (Wielkopolsko-Kujawska Lowland, Poland)
Creators: name: Trzciński, Paweł
name: Mielczarek, Łukasz
name: Żurawlew, Przemysław
name: Markiewicz, Eugeniusz
name: Żóralski, Robert
Publisher: name: Polskie Towarzystwo Entomologiczne
Year: 2023
Subjects: Diptera, new records, faunistics, thick-headed flies, soldier flies, hoverflies, wood soldier flies

description: During numerous entomological surveys in the years 2006-2023 in Pleszew district (Wielkopolsko-Kujawska Lowland), flies from four families: Conopidae, Stratiomyidae, Syrphidae and Xylomyidae were collected and photographed. The material consist of approximately 1,800 individuals and is kept in the authors’ collections. It includes 11 species of thick-headed flies (Conopidae), 17 species of soldier flies (Stratiomyidae), 150 species of hoverflies (Syrphidae) and 2 species of wood soldier flies (Xylomyidae). There were 16 species listed in the “Red List of Threatened Animals in Poland” and 30 species reported for the first time from Wielkopolsko-Kujawska Lowland. The most interesting findings are: Eupachygaster tarsalis (Stratiomyidae), Mallota fuciformis, Myolepta obscura, Neocnemodon brevidens, Pocota personata, Xanthogramma laetum (Syrphidae) and Xylomya maculata (Xylomyidae)
title: Can an Inclusive Approach Meaningfully Engage People with Learning Disabilities? Exploring Capacity Building for Citizen Science
Creators: name: Carr, Jessica E.
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 2021

description: Who are we?

 The Banbury self-advocacy group are part of the Oxfordshire based charity, My Life My Choice. The group and Jess Carr worked together to do research into how people with learning disabilities do citizen science.

 What did we do?

 We made our own citizen science project about how to look after cats and dogs. We learnt research skills and then used these to complete our project. Jess Carr also wrote down what we were doing as a group and investigated how we did it. This was to let researchers who do citizen science know how to work with people with learning disabilities.

 What did we find? People with learning disabilities can do citizen science. Researchers need to adapt the way they do it.

 What are the suggestions?

 We have the following suggestions for researchers:

 1. Help them/people
 2. Give it a go
 3. Support them
 4. Talk to people

 This thesis belongs not only to Jess Carr but also to the Banbury self-advocacy group.
Stabilizing Quantum States by Constructive Design of Open Quantum Dynamics
Creators: name: Ticozzi, Francesco
name: Schirmer, Sophie G.
name: Wang, Xiaoting
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Based on recent work on the asymptotic behavior of controlled quantum Markovian dynamics, we show that any generic quantum state can be stabilized by devising constructively a simple Lindblad-GKS generator that can achieve global asymptotic stability at the desired state. The applications of such result is demonstrated by designing a direct feedback strategy that achieves global stabilization of a qubit state encoded in a noise-protected subspace.
description: Revised version with stronger proofs showing uniqueness can be achieved in all cases by using the freedom to the choose diagonal elements of both the Hamiltonian and Lindblad operator, and exploiting the fact that the non-existence of two orthogonal eigenvectors of the Lindblad operator is sufficient but not necessary for global asymptotic stability of the target state
IJTIMOIY-IQTISODIY HOLAT BILDIRUVCHI FRAZEOLOGIZMLAR
Creators: name: Xomidova Malohat Oktyabrjon qizi, ADCHTI, Umumiy va qiyosiy tilshunoslik kafedrasi
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: O‘zbek tilidagi frazeologik birliklarni mazmuniy jihatdan tasnif qilishularning  ifoda  imkoniyatlarini  toʻliqroq  yoritadi.  Ijtimoiy  va  iqtisodiy  belgi asosida   maʼlum  umumiy  sema  orqali  birlashgan  frazeologizmlar  ham  tilimizda katta ahamiyatga ega.
Ecosystem Service Values in Natural Resource Management: A Decision Support Framework
Creators: name: Olsen, S
Publisher: name: University Of Tasmania
Year: 2023
Subjects: Ecosystem function

description: Mounting evidence indicates that every ecosystem on the planet is showing signs of deterioration and is seriously threatening the ability of nature to provide crucial ecosystem services to human society. Many ecosystem services are iln decline due to human ignorance of their value and inadequate social and economic mechanism to manage them sustainably. This thesis establishes the basis for greater recognition of ecosystem services in the managment of natural resources. This is achieved in three ways. Firstly, the thesis develops a classification of ecosystem services for application to natural resource management issues. The classification overcomes the problens of previous typologies by distinguishing between those serices that contribute to other services and the 'end' services themselves. Ecosystem service values can be directly ascribed to provisioning and cultural services. However, the majority of ecological services are of indirect value as they exist primarily to improve and sustain other services. Secondly, a multi-criteria evaluation (MCE) decision framework is developed to account for changes in ecosystem services resulting from different managment scenarios. The MCE process is developed in conjunction with an expert panel, a stakeholder susrvey, and a cost-effectiveness analysis. The approach involves establishing an ecosystem services conceptual model, developing future management scenarios, and assessing the impact of these scenarios. Thirdly, a case study is presented using the North West Bay River catchment in Tasmania. Recent local advocacy has sought a reduction in the proportion of the river that is diverted into the City of Hobart's water supply in order to benefit stakeholders downstream of the diversion intakes. Four future scenarios are developed that present a range of possible actions associated with the water managment regime. Criteria weights are inserted into the MCE framework based on responses to a mail survey. The potential changes in ecosystem services are evaluated across the scenerios over a 10 year timeframe. Implementing a range of integrated catchment management measures will have the greatest positive change to the values provided by the North West Bay River. Maintaining the current management regime islikely to lead to an overall decline in ecosystem service values. Any potential improvements in ecosystem service values are dependant on reducing the uncertainty involved in impact prediction and selecting cost-effective management scenarios. The decision framework provides a number of advantages when compared with alternative valuation approaches through its ability to integrate scientific assessment with valuation techniques, and provide opportunities for knowledge building and stakeholder engagement.
Morphological characterization of shocked porous material
Creators: name: Xu, Aiguo
name: Zhang, Guangcai
name: Pan, X. F.
name: Zhang, Ping
name: Zhu, Jianshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Morphological measures are introduced to probe the complex procedure of shock wave reaction on porous material. They characterize the geometry and topology of the pixelized map of a state variable like the temperature. Relevance of them to thermodynamical properties of material is revealed and various experimental conditions are simulated. Numerical results indicate that, the shock wave reaction results in a complicated sequence of compressions and rarefactions in porous material. The increasing rate of the total fractional white area $A$ roughly gives the velocity $D$ of a compressive-wave-series. When a velocity $D$ is mentioned, the corresponding threshold contour-level of the state variable, like the temperature, should also be stated. When the threshold contour-level increases, $D$ becomes smaller. The area $A$ increases parabolically with time $t$ during the initial period. The $A(t)$ curve goes back to be linear in the following three cases: (i) when the porosity $δ$ approaches 1, (ii) when the initial shock becomes stronger, (iii) when the contour-level approaches the minimum value of the state variable. The area with high-temperature may continue to increase even after the early compressive-waves have arrived at the downstream free surface and some rarefactive-waves have come back into the target body. In the case of energetic material ... (see the full text)
description: 3 figures in JPG format
Quantum Wells in Polar-Nonpolar Oxide Heterojunction Systems
Creators: name: Wang, C. -C Joseph
name: Sahu, Bhagawan
name: Min, Hongki
name: Lee, Wei-Cheng
name: MacDonald, Allan H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We address the electronic structure of quantum wells in polar-nonpolar oxide heterojunction systems focusing on the case of non-polar BaVO$_3$ wells surrounded by polar LaTiO$_3$ barriers. Our discussion is based on a density functional description using the local spin density approximation with local correlation corrections (LSDA+U). We conclude that a variety of quite different two-dimensional electron systems can occur at interfaces between insulating materials depending on band line-ups and on the geometrical arrangement of polarity discontinuities.
description: 9 pages, 1 tex file and 15 figures(Final version for Physical Review B)
Effects of Vertebrate Grazing and Environmental Factors on Fuel and Fire Potential in Tasmanian Native Grasslands
Creators: name: Leonard, Steven
Publisher: name: University Of Tasmania
Year: 2023
Subjects: Landscape ecology

description: Grazers and fire have been characterised as 'competing' consumers of vegetation biomass. Few studies of fire/grazing interactions have been carried out in Australian vegetation. This study examines how vertebrate grazing affects fire potential in native grasslands in Tasmania. The study was carried out at three highland and three lowland sites over 18 months. Vegetation biomass (fuel load) was measured in grazed and ungrazed quadrats every three months. Percentage dead fuel (curing) was also recorded at these times, with additional observations being made over summer. Daily values for temperature, humidity, wind speed and rainfall at each site were derived. Soil nutrient levels at each site were also recorded. Densities of macropods and sheep were estimated from scat (dung pellet) counts, while wombat densities were estimated from spotlight surveys. density estimates were converted into a single index of grazing intensity on the basis of published field metabolic rates. Grazing intensity calculated by this method was related to the amount of vegetation biomass removed by grazers. A model for predicting grassland fire sustainability was developed.Fuel characteristics and weather conditions were recorded for 78 non-sustaining and 33 sustaining test fires. The probability of fires sustaining was related to dead fuel, moisture, fuel load and percentage dead fuel. Threshold values for fire sustainability were identified. Grazing substantially reduced vegetation biomass in short-grass grasslands, but had no effect in tussock grasslands. this difference appeared to relate to differences in palatability. Grazing has no consistent effect on percentage dead fuel. This variable was strongly related to soil moisture, though this relationship varied amongst the dominant grass taxa. Fires were predicted to be sustaining on substantially fewer days in grazed relative to ungrazed vegetation at short- grass sites, while there was no difference at tussock sites. The differing results between structural types reflected differences in vegetation palatability. At short -grass sites most biomass is consumed by grazers and fires are unlikely, while at tussock sites grazing has little impact on fuel loads and fires can occur whenever weather conditions are favourable. Sites can potentially move between short-grass and tussock grass if disturbance regimes are altered. The degree of 'competition' between fire and grazers for vegetation biomass appears largely determined by vegetation palatability. The widespread assumptions that indigenous Tasmanians frequently burnt lowland grasslands and that butning is preferable to grazing as a management tool in native grasslands require reconsideration in light of the findings of this study.
Probing Cosmology with Weak Lensing Peak Counts
Creators: name: Kratochvil, Jan M.
name: Haiman, Zoltán
name: May, Morgan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose counting peaks in weak lensing (WL) maps, as a function of their height, to probe models of dark energy and to constrain cosmological parameters. Because peaks can be identified in two-dimensional WL maps directly, they can provide constraints that are free from potential selection effects and biases involved in identifying and determining the masses of galaxy clusters. We have run cosmological N-body simulations to produce WL convergence maps in three models with different constant values of the dark energy equation of state parameter, w=-0.8, -1, and -1.2, with a fixed normalization of the primordial power spectrum (corresponding to present-day normalizations of sigma8=0.742, 0.798, and 0.839, respectively). By comparing the number of WL peaks in 8 convergence bins in the range of -0.1 < kappa < 0.2, in multiple realizations of a single simulated 3x3 degree field, we show that the first (last) pair of models can be distinguished at the 95% (85%) confidence level. A survey with depth and area (20,000 sq. degrees), comparable to those expected from LSST, should have a factor of approx. 50 better parameter sensitivity. We find that relatively low-amplitude peaks (kappa = 0.03), which typically do not correspond to a single collapsed halo along the line of sight, account for most of this sensitivity. We study a range of smoothing scales and source galaxy redshifts (z_s). With a fixed source galaxy density of 15/arcmin^2, the best results are provided by the smallest scale we can reliably simulate, 1 arcminute, and z_s=2 provides substantially better sensitivity than z_s< 1.5.
description: 16 pages, submitted to Phys. Rev. D
title: A Programming Paradigm for Reliable Applications in a Decentralized Setting
Creators: name: Mogk, Ragnar
Publisher: name: UNSPECIFIED
Year: 2021

description: The use of applications has changed together with the underlying computing platform. The modern computer is no longer a big piece of office equipment that is booted to execute a single task producing a single output. Instead, we have many interconnected devices – smartphones, laptops, routers, Internet of Things gadgets, and even some venerable desktop computers we still use to get that heavy work done. Furthermore, ubiquitous connectivity with the Internet, and thus collaboration with other people and their set of devices has drastically changed how people expect applications to work. For such distributed, interactive, and collaborative applications, we currently lack a declarative fault-tolerant programming paradigm with easy-to-reason high-level guarantees. We want to empower developers from organizations of all sizes to be able to create reliable applications that solve their users needs. Thus, the central question in this thesis is: How to automate fault tolerance for such applications? To answer this question, we present a novel approach to automatic fault tolerance using a high-level programming paradigm. Our goal is to provide future developers with a paradigm that reduces the challenge posed by failures in interactive applications similar to how a garbage collector reduces the challenge of managing memory. To do so, our programming paradigm abstracts from the notion of changes in data, thus removing the need to handle failure cases differently and providing developers a single set of properties to always rely on.
Strong electron spin-Hall effect by a coherent optical potential
Creators: name: Sherman, E. Ya.
name: Muga, J. G.
name: Dugaev, V. K.
name: Ruschhaupt, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate theoretically that a coherent manipulation of electron spins in low-dimensional semiconductor structures with spin-orbit coupling by infrared radiation is possible. The proposed approach is based on using a dipole force acting on a two-level system in a nonuniform optical field, similar to that employed in the design of the cold atoms diode. For ballistic electrons the spin-dependent force, proportional to the intensity of external radiation, leads to a spin-Hall effect and resulting spin separation even if the spin-orbit coupling itself does not allow for these effects. Achievable spatial separation of electrons with opposite spins can be of the order of several tenth of a micron, an order of magnitude larger than can be produced by the charged impurity scattering in the diffusive regime.
description: 2 figures
Supplementary document for Near octave-spanning breathing perfect soliton crystal in an AlN microresonator - 5267294.pdf
Creators: name: Weng, Haizhong
name: Afridi, Adnan
name: Liu, Jia
name: Li, Jing
name: Dai, Jiangnan
name: Zhang, Yi
name: ma, xiang
name: Lu, Qiaoyin
name: Guo, Wei-Hua
name: Donegan, John
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2021
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Experiment setup, devices characterization, and the Kerr comb results obtained from a smaller microring resonator
title: Band lineup between CdS and ultra high vacuum-cleaved CuInS₂ single crystals
Creators: name: Klein, Andreas
name: Löher, T.
name: Tomm, Y.
name: Pettenkofer, C.
name: Jaegermann, Wolfram
Publisher: name: AIP Publishing
Year: 2021

description: The interface formation between vacuum evaporated CdS and ultrahigh vacuum-cleaved CuInS₂ single crystals has been studied by synchrotron excited photoelectron spectroscopy. The valence band discontinuity is determined directly from valence band difference spectra to be DEV 50.6 (60.1) eV. This value is significantly smaller than for other preparation conditions given in the literature and evidently not suitable for solar cell applications. The similarity to observations at the CdS/CuInSe₂ interfaces suggests that neutrality levels play a dominant role in establishing the band lineup at interfaces containing chalcopyrite semiconductors.
Automatic Coding of Open-ended Questions into Multiple Classes: Whether and How to Use Double Coded Data
Creators: name: He, Zhoushanyue
name: Schonlau, Matthias
Publisher: name: Survey Research Methods
Year: 2020

description: Responses to open-ended questions in surveys are usually coded into pre-specified classes, manually or automatically using a statistical learning algorithm. Automatic coding of open-ended responses relies on a set of manually coded responses, based on which a statistical learning model is fitted. In this paper, we investigate whether and how double coding can help improve the automatic classification of open-ended responses. We evaluate four strategies for training the statistical algorithm on double coded data, using experiments on simulated and real data. We find that, when the data are already double-coded (i.e. double coding does not incur additional costs), double coding where an expert resolves intercoder disagreement leads to the greatest classification accuracy. However, when we have a fixed budget for manually coding, single coding is preferable if the coding error rate is anticipated to be less than about 35% to 45%.
description: Survey Research Methods, Vol 14 No 3 (2020)
Eddy viscosity and turbulent Schmidt number by kink-type instability of strong toroidal magnetic fields
Creators: name: Ruediger, G.
name: Gellert, M.
name: Schultz, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The potential of the nonaxisymmetric magnetic instability to transport angular momentum and to mix chemicals is probed considering the stability of a nearly uniform toroidal field between conducting cylinders with different rotation rates. The fluid between the cylinders is assumed as incompressible and to be of uniform density. With a linear theory the neutral-stability maps for m=1 are computed. Rigid rotation must be subAlfvenic to allow instability while for differential rotation with negative shear also an unstable domain with superAlfvenic rotation exists. The rotational quenching of the magnetic instability is strongest for magnetic Prandtl number Pm=1 and becomes much weaker for Pm unequal 1. The effective angular momentum transport by the instability is directed outwards(inwards) for subrotation(superrotation). The resulting magnetic-induced eddy viscosities exceed the microscopic values by factors of 10-100. This is only true for superAlfvenic flows; in the strong-field limit the values remain much smaller. The same instability also quenches concentration gradients of chemicals by its nonmagnetic fluctuations. The corresponding diffusion coefficient remains always smaller than the magnetic-generated eddy viscosity. A Schmidt number of order 30 is found as the ratio of the effective viscosity and the diffusion coefficient. The magnetic instability transports much more angular momentum than that it mixes chemicals.
description: 9 pages, 12 figures, submitted
Supplementary document for Ratiometric photon reassignment based on fluorescence lifetime to improve resolution in pulse STED microscopy - 5269362.pdf
Creators: name: Liu, Shaocong
name: zhang, zhimin
name: Han, Yubing
name: Yang, Lu
name: Kuang, Cuifang
name: Liu, Xu
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2021
Subjects: Microtechnology

description: A detailed description of the proposed method and more experiment results quantitatively analyzed by FRC.
Designing Better Questions for Complex Concepts with Reflective Indicators
Creators: name: Saris, Willem
name: Gallhofer, Irmtraud
Publisher: name: Survey Research Methods
Year: 2020

description: There are many concepts in the social sciences that are measured using multiple indicators. Such concepts have been called by Blalock (1968) concepts-by-postulation because one needs a theoretical argument to define them. Within the set of concepts-by-postulation, a distinction has been made between concepts with reflective indicators and concepts with formative indicators. This distinction refers to the assumption whether the latent concepts determine the observed indicators (reflective) or that the indicators together determine the latent concept of interest (formative). Blalock complained that developing measurement procedures for complex concepts, researchers think mainly about questions not about concepts that these questions measure. In this way, the questions used contain unique components which reduce the quality of the composite score based on these questions as measure for the complex concept of interest. Saris and Gallhofer have shown how alternative formulated questions can be developed to measure so-called concepts-by-intuition. In this paper, we will show that the same procedure can be used to avoid unique components in the measurement of complex concepts with reflective indicators and that in this way the quality of the composite score for complex concepts can considerably be increased.
description: Survey Research Methods, Vol 14 No 3 (2020)
MPEC 2023-Y10 : 2020 AC3
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
title: Band offset at the CuGaSe₂∕In₂S₃ heterointerface
Creators: name: Schulmeyer, T.
name: Klein, Andreas
name: Kniese, R.
name: Powalla, Michael
Publisher: name: AIP Publishing
Year: 2021

description: We have investigated the electronic properties of the CuGaSe₂/In2S₃ heterointerface by photoelectron spectroscopy. In₂S₃ was evaporated by physical vapor deposition onto contamination free polycrystalline CuGaSe₂ surface prepared by the selenium decapping process. A valence band offset DEVB=0.78±0.1 has been determined.
VERITAS Studies of the Supernova Remnants Cas A and IC 443
Creators: name: Humensky, Thomas Brian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: VERITAS observed the supernova remnants Cassiopeia A (Cas A) and IC 443 during 2007, resulting in strong TeV detections of both sources. Cas A is a young remnant, and bright in both the radio and nonthermal X-rays, both tracers of cosmic-ray electrons. IC 443 is a middle-aged composite remnant interacting with a molecular cloud; the molecular cloud provides an enhanced density of target material for hadronic cosmic rays to produce TeV gamma rays via pion decay. The TeV morphology - point-like for Cas A and extended for IC 443 - will be discussed in the context of existing multiwavelength data on the remnants.
description: Submitted to Proceedings of "4th Heidelberg International Symposium on High Energy Gamma-Ray Astronomy 2008"
The More Similar, the Better?
Creators: name: Bittmann, Felix
Publisher: name: Survey Research Methods
Year: 2020

description: Previous research shows that sociodemographic (mis)matches between respondents and interviewers can affect unit and item nonresponse in survey situations. The current paper attempts to deepen the understanding of these findings and investigates the effect of matching with regard to gender and age on item nonresponse, reluctance to answer items and the probability that a third person is interfering with the interview. Using multilevel European Social Survey data from 23 countries, it is demonstrated that some constellations of matching improve data quality significantly. The results corroborate and extend previous findings and underline that sociodemographic matching has the potential to enhance data quality in face to face situations.
description: Survey Research Methods, Vol 14 No 3 (2020)
Memory Effects in Repeated Survey Questions: Reviving the Empirical Investigation of the Independent Measurements Assumption
Creators: name: Schwarz, Hannah
name: Revilla, Melanie
name: Weber, Wiebke
Publisher: name: Survey Research Methods
Year: 2020

description: It is common to repeat survey questions in the social sciences, for example to estimate test-retest reliability or in pretest-posttest experimental designs. An underlying assumption is that the repetition of questions leads to independent measurements. Critics point to respondents’ memory as a source of bias for the resulting estimates. Yet there is little empirical evidence showing how large memory effects are within the same survey and none showing whether memory effects can be decreased through purposeful intervention during a survey. We aim to address both of these points based on data from a lab-based web survey containing an experiment. We repeated one of the initial questions at the end of the survey (on average 127 questions later) and asked respondents if they recall their previous answer and to reproduce it. Furthermore, we compared respondents’ memory of previously given responses between two experimental groups: A control group, where regular survey questions were asked in between repetitions and a treatment group which, additionally, received a memory interference task aimed at decreasing memory. We found that, after an average 20-minute interval, 60% of the respondents were able to correctly reproduce their previous answer, of which we estimated 17% to do so due to memory. We did not observe a decrease in memory as time intervals between repetitions become longer. This indicates a serious challenge to using repeated questions within the same survey. Moreover, the tested memory interference task did not reduce respondents’ recall of their previously given answer or the memory effect.
description: Survey Research Methods, Vol 14 No 3 (2020)
Response Patterns in a Multi-day Diary Survey: Implications for Adaptive Survey Design
Creators: name: Hu, Mengyao
name: Melipillán, Edmundo Roberto
name: West, Brady T.
name: Kirlin, John A.
name: Paniagua, Ilse
Publisher: name: Survey Research Methods
Year: 2020

description: In multi-day diary surveys, respondents make participation decisions every day. Some respondents remain committed throughout, whereas others drop out after the first few days or in the later days of the survey, leading to item nonresponse. Such item nonresponse at the day level can introduce nonresponse and underreporting error, reduce statistical power and bias survey estimates. Despite its critical influence on survey data quality, the important issue of day-level item nonresponse in diary surveys has received surprisingly little attention. This study evaluates different response patterns in a seven-day diary survey and considers how these patterns might inform adaptive designs for future diary surveys. We analyzed data from the U.S. National Household Food Acquisition and Purchase Survey (FoodAPS), a nationally representative survey designed to collect comprehensive data on household food purchases and acquisitions during one-week time periods. In total, there were 4,826 households with 14,317 individuals that responded to the survey. To evaluate how response patterns differed across respondents and across the diary period, we employed a latent class growth analysis (LCGA), which enables the identification of different groups of respondents based on their reporting patterns. Our analysis identified five classes of respondents, ranging from highly-motivated respondents to those exhibiting minimal effort. We also compared the identified classes in terms of covariate profiles and distributions on key FoodAPS outcomes. Respondents who showed low-motivated response patterns were found to record fewer events in the diary for the key variables. To inform adaptive designs in future diary data collections, we examined respondent characteristics that were known before the diary portion of the survey and significantly associated with class membership. Several respondent characteristics (e.g., low education) and paradata features (e.g., longer initial interviews) were linked with the probability of having low-motivation response patterns. Our findings have implications for future designs of multi-day diary surveys.
description: Survey Research Methods, Vol 14 No 3 (2020)
Forensic interview techniques on child sexual abuse: A scoping review
Creators: name: Fernandes, Delfina
name: Albuquerque, Pedro B.
name: Matos, Marlene
name: Gomes, João Pedro
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: Scoping Review

description: Child sexual abuse (CSA) is widely recognized as a global public health problem with negative consequences for victims, their families, and society. The child’s testimony is essential to the case outcome, given the frequent absence of physical or biological evidence of the abusive acts. Thus, the child forensic interview plays a decisive role in criminal investigation. The present scoping review aims to identify and describe the judicial procedures for collecting CSA victims’ testimony using an evidence-based approach and a structured methodology. The review followed Preferred Reporting Items of Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis-Scoping Review guidelines. Studies were identified through manual reference checking and in four electronic databases: PsycARTICLES, PubMed, SCOPUS, and Web of Science. In all, 146 studies were identified according to the defined inclusion criteria, that is, empirical studies identifying judicial procedures to collect CSA victims’ testimony, published in English or Portuguese. In total, 30 different forensic interview procedures to collect the child victim’s testimony were found. The National Institute for Child Health and Human Development investigative interview protocol was the most frequently mentioned. Despite the variety of protocols, it was possible to conclude that they have a similar general structure. This review also identified gaps in interviewing practices with CSA victims. The scoping review corroborates the importance of forensic interviews with CSA victims, stating its implications for criminal investigation, the legal system, and the child’s recovery process.
title: Band offsets at the ZnSe/CuGaSe₂(001) heterointerface
Creators: name: Bauknecht, Andreas
name: Blieske, U.
name: Kampschulte, T.
name: Albert, J.
name: Sehnert, H.
name: Lux-Steiner, Martha Ch.
name: Klein, Andreas
name: Jaegermann, Wolfram
Publisher: name: AIP Publishing
Year: 2021

description: The formation of the ZnSe/CuGaSe₂ heterointerface was studied by x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). ZnSe was sequentially grown on CuGaSe₂(001) epilayers. In situ photoemission spectra of the Ga 3d and Zn 3d core levels as well as XPS valence bands were acquired after each deposition step. The valence-band offset is determined to be ΔEV=0.6±0.1 eV. As a consequence, a nearly symmetric "type-I" band alignment for the ZnSe/CuGaSe₂ heterojunction with a conduction-band offset of ΔEC=0.4±0.1 eV is found. Concerning the band alignment ZnSe can, therefore, be expected to be a suitable buffer material for CuGaSe₂-based thin-film solar cells.
Reconstruction of signals with unknown spectra in information field theory with parameter uncertainty
Creators: name: Ensslin, Torsten
name: Frommert, Mona
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The optimal reconstruction of cosmic metric perturbations and other signals requires knowledge of their power spectra and other parameters. If these are not known a priori, they have to be measured simultaneously from the same data used for the signal reconstruction. We formulate the general problem of signal inference in the presence of unknown parameters within the framework of information field theory. We develop a generic parameter uncertainty renormalized estimation (PURE) technique and address the problem of reconstructing Gaussian signals with unknown power-spectrum with five different approaches: (i) separate maximum-a-posteriori power spectrum measurement and subsequent reconstruction, (ii) maximum-a-posteriori power reconstruction with marginalized power-spectrum, (iii) maximizing the joint posterior of signal and spectrum, (iv) guessing the spectrum from the variance in the Wiener filter map, and (v) renormalization flow analysis of the field theoretical problem providing the PURE filter. In all cases, the reconstruction can be described or approximated as Wiener filter operations with assumed signal spectra derived from the data according to the same recipe, but with differing coefficients. All of these filters, except the renormalized one, exhibit a perception threshold in case of a Jeffreys prior for the unknown spectrum. Data modes, with variance below this threshold do not affect the signal reconstruction at all. Filter (iv) seems to be similar to the so called Karhune-Loeve and Feldman-Kaiser-Peacock estimators for galaxy power spectra used in cosmology, which therefore should also exhibit a marginal perception threshold if correctly implemented. We present statistical performance tests and show that the PURE filter is superior to the others.
description: 21 pages, 5 figures, accepted by PRD
title: Electronic passivation of Si(111) by Ga–Se half-sheet termination
Creators: name: Fritsche, R.
name: Wisotzki, E.
name: Islam, A. B. M. O.
name: Thissen, A.
name: Klein, Andreas
name: Jaegermann, Wolfram
name: Rudolph, R.
name: Tonti, D.
name: Pettenkofer, C.
Publisher: name: AIP Publishing
Year: 2021

description: A Si(111):GaSe van der Waals surface is prepared using sequential deposition of Ga and Se at elevated temperature on a Si(111)-7×7 surface. Surface properties were investigated by soft x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and low-energy electron diffraction. The Si(111)-1×1:GaSe surface remains with electronic surface potentials near flatband condition.
title: Electronic properties of In₂O₃ surfaces
Creators: name: Klein, Andreas
Publisher: name: AIP Publishing
Year: 2021

description: Surfaces of reactively evaporated In₂O₃ films were investigated in situ by synchrotron-excited photoemission. Work function, valence band maximum, and electronic states in the band gap were determined as a function of oxygen pressure. Surface and bulk electronic properties can only be explained consistently with the assumption of a surface depletion layer.
Multiscale quantum criticality: Pomeranchuk instability in isotropic metals
Creators: name: Zacharias, Mario
name: Wölfle, Peter
name: Garst, Markus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: As a paradigmatic example of multi-scale quantum criticality, we consider the Pomeranchuk instability of an isotropic Fermi liquid in two spatial dimensions, d=2. The corresponding Ginzburg-Landau theory for the quadrupolar fluctuations of the Fermi surface consists of two coupled modes, critical at the same point, and characterized by different dynamical exponents: one being ballistic with dynamical exponent z=2 and the other one is Landau-damped with z=3, thus giving rise to multiple dynamical scales. We find that at temperature T=0, the ballistic mode governs the low-energy structure of the theory as it possesses the smaller effective dimension d+z. Its self-interaction leads to logarithmic singularities, which we treat with the help of the renormalization group. At finite temperature, the coexistence of two different dynamical scales gives rise to a modified quantum-to-classical crossover. It extends over a parametrically large regime with intricate interactions of quantum and classical fluctuations leading to a universal T-dependence of the correlation length independent of the interaction amplitude. The multiple scales are also reflected in the phase diagram and in the critical thermodynamics. In particular, we find that the latter cannot be interpreted in terms of only a single dynamical exponent: whereas, e.g., the critical specific heat is determined by the z=3 mode, the critical compressibility is found to be dominated by the z=2 fluctuations.
description: 15 pages, 6 figures; (v2) RG implementation with arbitrary dynamical exponent z, discussion on fixed-points added
Complete Solving for Explicit Evaluation of Gauss Sums in the Index 2 Case
Creators: name: Yang, Jing
name: Xia, Lingli
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11L05, 11L20

description: Let $p$ be a prime number, $q=p^f$ for some positive integer $f$, $N$ be a positive integer such that $\gcd(N,p)=1$, and let $\k$ be a primitive multiplicative character of order $N$ over finite field $\fq$. This paper studies the problem of explicit evaluation of Gauss sums in "\textsl{index 2 case}" (i.e. $f=\f{\p(N)}{2}=[\zn:\pp]$, where $\p(\cd)$ is Euler function). Firstly, the classification of the Gauss sums in index 2 case is presented. Then, the explicit evaluation of Gauss sums $G(\k^\la) (1\laN-1)$ in index 2 case with order $N$ being general even integer (i.e. $N=2^{r}\cd N_0$ where $r,N_0$ are positive integers and $N_03$ is odd.) is obtained. Thus, the problem of explicit evaluation of Gauss sums in index 2 case is completely solved.
Asymptotic energy of graphs
Creators: name: Yan, Weigen
name: Zhang, Zuhe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05C90; 05C50

description: The energy of a simple graph $G$ arising in chemical physics, denoted by $\mathcal E(G)$, is defined as the sum of the absolute values of eigenvalues of $G$. We consider the asymptotic energy per vertex (say asymptotic energy) for lattice systems. In general for a type of lattice in statistical physics, to compute the asymptotic energy with toroidal, cylindrical, Mobius-band, Klein-bottle, and free boundary conditions are different tasks with different hardness. In this paper, we show that if $\{G_n\}$ is a sequence of finite simple graphs with bounded average degree and $\{G_n'\}$ a sequence of spanning subgraphs of $\{G_n\}$ such that almost all vertices of $G_n$ and $G_n'$ have the same degrees, then $G_n$ and $G_n'$ have the same asymptotic energy. Thus, for each type of lattices with toroidal, cylindrical, Mobius-band, Klein-bottle, and free boundary conditions, we have the same asymptotic energy. As applications, we obtain the asymptotic formulae of energies per vertex of the triangular, $3^3.4^2$, and hexagonal lattices with toroidal, cylindrical, Mobius-band, Klein-bottle, and free boundary conditions simultaneously.
description: 15 pages, 3 figures
Mach cones in heavy ion collisions
Creators: name: Torrieri, Giorgio
name: Betz, Barbara
name: Noronha, Jorge
name: Gyulassy, Miklos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the fate of the energy deposited by a jet in a heavy ion collision assuming that the medium created is opaque (jets quickly lose energy) and its viscosity is so low that the energy lost by the jet is quickly thermalized. The expectation is that under these conditions the energy deposited gives rise to a Mach cone. We argue that, in general, the behavior of the system is different from the naive expectation and it depends strongly on the assumptions made about the energy and momentum deposited by the jet into the medium. We compare our phenomenological hydrodynamic calculations performed in a static medium for a variety of energy-momentum sources (including a pQCD-based calculation) with the exact strong coupling limit obtained within the AdS/CFT correspondence. We also discuss the observability of hydrodynamical features triggered by jets in experimentally measured two-particle correlations at RHIC.
description: Lecture Notes for the Krakow School of Theoretical Physics, XLVIIIe Course, 2008
Pajski et al., 2022_Online Only Supplemental Section
Creators: name: Pajski, Megan
name: Byrd, Christopher J.
name: Nandigama, Nainika
name: Seguin, Anna
name: Seguin, Emily
name: Fennell, Alyssa
name: Graber, Ted
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: classificationCode: 310908
subject: Animal physiology - biophysics
classificationCode: 310909
subject: Animal physiology - cell
classificationCode: 310910
subject: Animal physiology - systems

description: Online Only Supplemental Section for Pajski et al., 2022
Growing Massive Black Hole Pairs in Minor Mergers of Disk Galaxies
Creators: name: Callegari, S.
name: Kazantzidis, S.
name: Mayer, L.
name: Colpi, M.
name: Bellovary, J. M.
name: Quinn, T.
name: Wadsley, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We perform a suite of high-resolution smoothed particle hydrodynamics simulations to investigate the orbital decay and mass evolution of massive black hole (MBH) pairs down to scales of ~30 pc during minor mergers of disk galaxies. Our simulation set includes star formation and accretion onto the MBHs, as well as feedback from both processes. We consider 1:10 merger events starting at z~3, with MBH masses in the sensitivity window of the Laser Interferometer Space Antenna, and we follow the coupling between the merger dynamics and the evolution of the MBH mass ratio until the satellite galaxy is tidally disrupted. While the more massive MBH accretes in most cases as if the galaxy were in isolation, the satellite MBH may undergo distinct episodes of enhanced accretion, owing to strong tidal torques acting on its host galaxy and to orbital circularization inside the disk of the primary galaxy. As a consequence, the initial 1:10 mass ratio of the MBHs changes by the time the satellite is disrupted. Depending on the initial fraction of cold gas in the galactic disks and the geometry of the encounter, the mass ratios of the MBH pairs at the time of satellite disruption can stay unchanged or become as large as 1:2. Remarkably, the efficiency of MBH orbital decay correlates with the final mass ratio of the pair itself: MBH pairs that increase significantly their mass ratio are also expected to inspiral more promptly down to nuclear-scale separations. These findings indicate that the mass ratios of MBH pairs in galactic nuclei do not necessarily trace the mass ratios of their merging host galaxies, but are determined by the complex interplay between gas accretion and merger dynamics.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures, replaced to match accepted version on ApJ