cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The Binarity of Eta Carinae Revealed from Photoionization Modeling of the Spectral Variability of the Weigelt Blobs B and D
Creators: name: Verner, E.
name: Bruhweiler, F.
name: Gull, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We focus on two Hubble Space Telescope/Space Telescope Imaging Spectrograph (HST/STIS) spectra of the Weigelt Blobs B&D, extending from 1640 to 10400A; one recorded during the 1998 minimum (March 1998) and the other recorded in February 1999, early in the following broad maximum. The spatially-resolved spectra suggest two distinct ionization regions. One structure is the permanently low ionization cores of the Weigelt Blobs, B&D, located several hundred AU from the ionizing source. Their spectra are dominated by emission from H I, [N II], Fe II, [Fe II], Ni II, [Ni II], Cr II and Ti II. The second region, relatively diffuse in character and located between the ionizing source and the Weigelt Blobs, is more highly ionized with emission from [FeIII], [Fe IV], N III], [Ne III], [Ar III], [Si III], [S III] and He I. Through photoionization modeling, we find that the radiation field from the more massive B-star companion supports the low ionization structure throughout the 5.54 year period. The radiation field of an evolved O-star is required to produce the higher ionization emission seen across the broad maximum. This emission region is identified with slow-moving condensations photoionized by the O star and located in the extended mass flow emanating from the B star primary. Comparison between the models and observations reveals that the high ionization region is physically distinct (n_H ~ 10^7 cm^(-3) and T_e ~ 10^4K) from the BD Blobs (n_H ~ 10^6 cm^(-3), T_e ~ 7000K).
description: 35 Pages, 5 figures. Accepted for the Astrophysical Journal
Inflating Brane inside hyper-spherically symmetric defects
Creators: name: Brihaye, Y.
name: Delsate, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Static and inflating brane world models are considered in $4+n$-dimensions with a non zero bulk cosmological constant and with a hyper-spherically symmetric topological defect residing in the $n$ extra dimensions. Several vacuum solutions can be constructed explicitely when the bulk and inflating constants are non zero. We study how these solutions are deformed by the presence of a global monopole for generic values of $n$ and a local monopole for $n=3$. New types of solutions, regular and periodic in the radial variable relative to the extra dimensions, are constructed.
description: 23 pages, 9 figures, results extended, references added
Temperature of the inflaton and duration of inflation from WMAP data
Creators: name: Bhattacharya, Kaushik
name: Mohanty, Subhendra
name: Rangarajan, Raghavan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: If the initial state of the inflaton field is taken to have a thermal distribution instead of the conventional zero particle vacuum state then the curvature power spectrum gets modified by a temperature dependent factor such that the fluctuation spectrum of the microwave background radiation is enhanced at larger angles. We compare this modified cosmic microwave background spectrum with Wilkinson microwave anisotropy probe data to obtain an upper bound on the temperature of the inflaton at the time our current horizon crossed the horizon during inflation. We further conclude that there must be additional e-foldings of inflation beyond what is needed to solve the horizon problem.
description: The abstract is slightly modified
การพัฒนาระบบจำหน่ายสินค้าออนไลน์ด้วยเว็บแอปพลิเคชันแบบเรซสปอนต์ซีฟ กรณีศึกษา ร้านขายเสื้อผ้า
Creators: name: รัตนา ลีรุ่งนาวารัตน์
Publisher: name: มหาวิทยาลัยแม่โจ้
Year: 2019
Subjects: ระบบจำหน่ายสินค้า
เรซสปอนต์ซีฟ
ร้านขายเสื้อผ้า

description: วารสารแม่โจ้เทคโนโลยีสารสนเทศและนวัตกรรม, 5, 1, 1 ถึง 14
МОРФОЛОГИИ  КРОВООБРАЩЕНИИ ГОЛОВНОГО МОЗГА И  МОРФОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ ИЗМЕНЕНИЯ ПЕЧЕНИ НА РАННИХ СРОКАХ ЦЕРЕБРАЛЬНОГО ИШЕМИЧЕСКОГО ИНСУЛЬТА В ЭКСПЕРИМЕНТЕ
Creators: name: Махмудова, З.Т.
name: Холбоева, Г.Б.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: В экспериментах, проводимых на крысах, которые широко использовались неоднократно, показали, что патологические изменения в коре головного мозга и,  непосредственно в головном мозге , морфологические особенности схожи с изменениями, происходящими в этих участках у человека. Однако,  при ишемических расстройствах центральных механизмов регуляции в работе печени , многообразны и  морфологически не сильно  выражены.
Neutron Star Mergers in AGN Accretion Disks: Cocoon and Ejecta Shock Breakouts
Creators: name: Zhu, Jin-Ping
name: Zhang, Bing
name: Yu, Yun-Wei
name: Gao, He
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Neutron star mergers are believed to occur in accretion disks around supermassive black holes. Here we show that a putative jet launched from the merger of a binary neutron star (BNS) or a neutron star--black hole (NSBH) merger occurring at the migration trap in an active galactic nucleus (AGN) disk would be choked. The jet energy is deposited within the disk materials to power a hot cocoon. The cocoon is energetic enough to break out from the AGN disk and produce a bright X-ray shock breakout transient peaking at $\sim0.15\,{\rm d}$ after the merger. The peak luminosity is estimated as $\sim 10^{46}\,{\rm erg}\,{\rm s}^{-1}$, which can be discovered by Einstein Probe from $z\lesssim 0.5$. Later on, the non-relativistic ejecta launched from the merger would break out the disk, powering an X-ray/UV flare peaking at $\sim 0.5\,{\rm d}$ after the merger. This second shock breakout signal may be detected by UV transient searches. The cocoon cooling emission and kilonova emission are outshone by the disk emission and difficult to be detected. Future joint observations of gravitational waves from BNS/NSBH mergers and associated two shock breakout signatures can provide a strong support for the compact binary coalescence formation channel in AGN disks.
description: 9 pages, 3 figures, accepted for publication in ApJL
The thinnest cold HI clouds in the diffuse interstellar medium?
Creators: name: Stanimirovic, Snezana
name: Heiles, Carl
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We confirm and discuss recently discovered cold HI clouds with column densities among the lowest ever detected. The column densities of Cold Neutral Medium (CNM) towards 3C286 and 3C287 are ~10^18 cm^-2, below an observational lower limit, and also below tiny-scale-atomic clouds detected by VLBI and time-variable profiles against pulsars. These column densities are close to the minimum imposed by thermal evaporation. The fractions of the CNM to total HI towards 3C286 and 3C287 are ~4% and <2%, respectively. We discuss the CNM fraction and the CNM clouds in relation to several theoretical models.
description: small changes, accepted by ApJ
[Individual elicitation sessions on nouns]
Creators: name: Loum, Malick
name: Begay, Kayla
name: David, Oana
name: Heath, Jevon
name: Wauters, Vivian
name: Jenks, Peter
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: srr

description: The first file (005) focuses on nouns and phrases.
The second file (006) focuses on body parts.
The third file (007) focuses on clothing.
The fourth file (008) focuses on abstract nouns and pronouns.
Formalism for Testing Theories of Gravity Using Lensing by Compact Objects. I: Static, Spherically Symmetric Case
Creators: name: Keeton, Charles R.
name: Petters, A. O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We are developing a general, unified, and rigorous analytical framework for using gravitational lensing by compact objects to test different theories of gravity beyond the weak-deflection limit. In this paper we present the formalism for computing corrections to lensing observables for static, spherically symmetric gravity theories in which the corrections to the weak-deflection limit can be expanded as a Taylor series in one parameter, namely the gravitational radius of the lens object. We take care to derive coordinate-independent expressions and compute quantities that are directly observable. We compute first- and second-order corrections to the image positions, magnifications, and time delays. Interestingly, we find that the first-order corrections to the total magnification and centroid position vanish in all gravity theories that agree with general relativity in the weak-deflection limit, but they can remain nonzero in modified theories that disagree with GR in the weak-deflection limit. For the Reissner-Nordstrom metric and a related metric from heterotic string theory, our formalism reveals an intriguing connection between lensing observables and the condition for having a naked singularity, which could provide an observational method for testing the existence of such objects. We apply our formalism to the Galactic black hole and predict that the corrections to the image positions are at the level of 10 micro-arcseconds, while the correction to the time delay is a few hundredths of a second. These corrections would be measurable today if a pulsar were found to be lensed by the Galactic black hole; and they should be readily detectable with planned missions like MAXIM.
description: accepted in PRD
Theoretical proposal for the experimental realisation of a monochromatic electromagnetic knot
Creators: name: Cameron, R. P.
name: Löffler, W.
name: Stephan, K. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose an antenna designed to generate monochromatic electromagnetic knots and other "unusual electromagnetic disturbances" in the microwave domain. Our antenna is a spherical array of radiating dipolar elements configured to approximate the desired electromagnetic field near its centre. We show numerically that a specific embodiment of the antenna with a radius of 61.2 cm and only 20 element pairs driven at a frequency of 2.45 GHz can yield linked and torus-knotted electric and magnetic field lines approximating those of an "electromagnetic tangle": a monochromatic electromagnetic knot closely related to the well-known Rañada-Hopf type electromagnetic knots but simpler in its construction. The antenna could be used to locally excite plasmas.
description: 6 pages, published version
Die 7. Vollversammlung des ÖRK in Canberra 1991
Creators: name: Ariarajah, S. Wesley
Publisher: name: Ökumenische Rundschau
Year: 2025

description: Ökumenische Rundschau, Bd. 39 Nr. 1 (1990): Ökumenische Rundschau, Band 39, Heft 1
On the fractional NLS equation and the effects of the potential well's topology
Creators: name: Cingolani, Silvia
name: Gallo, Marco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35A15, 35B25, 35J20, 35Q55, 35R11, 47J30, 58E05

description: In this paper we consider the fractional nonlinear Schrödinger equation $$\varepsilon^{2s}(-Δ)^s v+ V(x) v= f(v), \quad x \in \mathbb{R}^N$$ where $s \in (0,1)$, $N \geq 2$, $V \in C(\mathbb{R}^N,\mathbb{R})$ is a positive potential and $f$ is a nonlinearity satisfying Berestycki-Lions type conditions. For $\varepsilon>0$ small, we prove the existence of at least $\rm{cupl}(K)+1$ positive solutions, where $K$ is a set of local minima in a bounded potential well and $\rm{cupl}(K)$ denotes the cup-length of $K$. By means of a variational approach, we analyze the topological difference between two levels of an indefinite functional in a neighborhood of expected solutions. Since the nonlocality comes in the decomposition of the space directly, we introduce a new fractional center of mass, via a suitable seminorm. Some other delicate aspects arise strictly related to the presence of the nonlocal operator. By using regularity results based on fractional De Giorgi classes, we show that the found solutions decay polynomially and concentrate around some point of $K$ for $\varepsilon$ small.
The induced permittivity increment of electrorheological fluids in an applied electric field in association with chain formation: A Brownian Dynamics simulation study
Creators: name: Fertig, Dávid
name: Boda, Dezső
name: Szalai, István
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report Brownian Dynamics simulation results for the relative permittivity of electrorheological (ER) fluids in an applied electric field. The relative permittivity of an ER fluid can be calculated from the Clausius-Mosotti (CM) equation in the small applied field limit. When a strong field is applied, however, the ER spheres are organized into chains and assemblies of chains in which case the ER spheres are polarized not only by the external field but by each other. This manifests itself in an enhanced dielectric response, e.g., in an increase in the relative permittivity. The correction to the relative permittivity and the time dependence of this correction is simulated on the basis of a model in which the ER particles are represented as polarizable spheres. In this model, the spheres are also polarized by each other in addition to the applied field. Our results are qualitatively similar to those obtained by Horváth and Szalai experimentally (\textit{Phys. Rev. E}, \textbf{86}, 061403, 2012). We report characteristic time constants obtained from bi-exponential fits that can be associated with formation of pairs and short chains as well as with aggregation of chains. The electric field dependence of the induced dielectric increment reveals the same qualitative behavior that experiments did: three regions with different slopes corresponding to different aggregation processes are identified.
Free Energy Formalism for Particle Adsorption
Creators: name: Gosselin, Pierre
name: Mohrbach, Herve
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The equilibrium properties of particles adsorption is investigated theoretically. The model relies on a free energy formulation which allows to generalize the Maxwell-Boltzmann description to solutions for which the bulk volume fraction of potentially adsorbed particles is very high. As an application we consider the equilibrium physical adsorption of neutral and charged particles from solution onto two parallel adsorbing surfaces.
description: to be published in Physical Review E
Resources and the regional economy: an historical assessment of the forest industry in British Columbia
Creators: name: Metcalf, Cherie Maureen
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: This thesis provides empirical evidence to assess the long term contribution of the B.C. forest industry to the provincial economy. Estimates of resource rent are constructed to measure the direct contribution of the resource to provincial income and growth. Measures of rent are constructed for a firm level sample (1906-76) and at an industry level (1918-92). The figures for rent are used to generate estimates of the share of provincial income measures directly attributable to the industrial exploitation of the province's forests. While there were periods during which the direct contribution to provincial income and its growth was nontrivial, in general the growth of forest industry rent did not drive overall economic growth but rather lagged behind. Rent was low on average and volatile during the years before W.W.II, rose rapidly from roughly 1940-51, then declined unevenly. To investigate the forces which underlie both the broad trends and the variability in rent, a stylized model of the forest industry is applied in an empirical analysis. Broad changes in aggregate rent were the result of changes in rent per unit of B.C. timber. The rapid increase in rent coincided with a marked rise in the price of forest products. The secular decline resulted from the combination of a falling output price and rising costs. An investigation of real harvesting costs indicates that depletion played a role in this increase. The variability of rent is also explored and found to be most strongly influenced by factors reflecting market risk which the B.C. industry could not diversity away from. The rent measures may not capture the full impact of the forest industry, so the industry's potential role as a leading export sector is also examined. The possibility of a stable long term link between forest exports and provincial income is investigated using cointegration tests. B.C. forest exports and G.D.P. are not cointegrated; their levels axe not linked in a deterministic way in the long run. A bivariate VAR, is used to examine the short run interaction between the growth of forest exports and provincial G.D.P. The results do not strongly support the view that the forest industry acts as a leading export sector in the provincial economy.
Interior-point methods for the phase-field approach to brittle and ductile fracture
Creators: name: Wambacq, Jef
name: Ulloa, Jacinto
name: Lombaert, Geert
name: François, Stijn
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The governing equations of the variational approach to brittle and ductile fracture emerge from the minimization of a non-convex energy functional subject to irreversibility constraints. This results in a multifield problem governed by a mechanical balance equation and evolution equations for the internal variables. While the balance equation is subject to kinematic admissibility of the displacement field, the evolution equations for the internal variables are subject to irreversibility conditions, and take the form of variational inequalities, which are typically solved in a relaxed or penalized way that can lead to deviations of the actual solution. This paper presents an interior-point method that allows to rigorously solve the system of variational inequalities. With this method, a sequence of perturbed constraints is considered, which, in the limit, recovers the original constrained problem. As such, no penalty parameters or modifications of the governing equations are involved. The interior-point method is applied in both a staggered and a monolithic scheme for both brittle and ductile fracture models. In order to stabilize the monolithic scheme, a perturbation is applied to the Hessian matrix of the energy functional. The presented algorithms are applied to three benchmark problems and compared to conventional methods, where irreversibility of the crack phase-field is imposed using a history field or an augmented Lagrangian.
description: 36 pages, 16 figures
Variational approach with the superposition of the symmetry-restored quasi-particle vacua for nuclear shell-model calculations
Creators: name: Shimizu, Noritaka
name: Tsunoda, Yusuke
name: Utsuno, Yutaka
name: Otsuka, Takaharu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a variational calculation scheme utilizing the superposition of the angular-momentum, parity, number projected quasiparticle vacua, that is especially suitable for applying to medium-heavy nuclei in shell-model calculations. We derive a formula for the energy variance with quasi-particle vacua and apply the energy-variance extrapolation to the present scheme for further precise estimation of the exact shell-model energy. The validity of the method is presented for the shell-model calculation of $^{132}$Ba in the $50 \leq Z,N \leq 82$ model space. We also discuss the feasibility of this scheme in the case of the $^{150}$Nd in the $50 \leq Z \leq 82$ and $82 \leq Z \leq 126$ model space and demonstrate that its neutrinoless-double-beta-decay matrix element is obtained showing good convergence.
Renormalization of the flavor-singlet axial-vector current and its anomaly in dimensional regularization
Creators: name: Ahmed, Taushif
name: Chen, Long
name: Czakon, Michał
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The renormalization constant $Z_J$ of the flavor-singlet axial-vector current with a non-anticommuting $γ_5$ in dimensional regularization is determined to order $α_s^3$ in QCD with massless quarks. The result is obtained by computing the matrix elements of the operators appearing in the axial-anomaly equation $\big[\partial_μ J^μ_{5} \big]_{R} = \frac{α_s}{4 π}\, n_f\, {\displaystyle \mathrm{T}_{F}} \, \big[F \tilde{F} \big]_{R}$ between the vacuum and a state of two (off-shell) gluons to 4-loop order. Furthermore, through this computation, the conjectured equality between the $\overline{\mathrm{MS}}$ renormalization constant $Z_{F\tilde{F}}$ associated with the operator $\big[F \tilde{F} \big]_{R}$ and that of $α_s$ is verified explicitly to hold true at 4-loop order. This equality automatically ensures a relation between the respective anomalous dimensions, $γ_{\scriptscriptstyle J} = \frac{α_s}{4 π}\, n_f\, {\displaystyle \mathrm{T}_{F}} \, γ_{\scriptscriptstyle FJ} $, at order $α_s^4$ given the validity of the axial-anomaly equation which was used to determine the non-$\overline{\mathrm{MS}}$ piece of $Z_J$ for the particular $γ_5$ prescription in use.
description: 23 pages, 4 figures and 1 table, references updated, matched with the published version in JHEP
Sensitivity of the Polyakov loop to chiral symmetry restoration
Creators: name: Clarke, David Anthony
name: Kaczmarek, Olaf
name: Lahiri, Anirban
name: Sarkar, Mugdha
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the heavy, static quark mass regime of QCD, the Polyakov loop is well known to be an order parameter of the deconfinement phase transition; however, the sensitivity of the Polyakov loop to the deconfinement of light, dynamical quarks is less clear. On the other hand, from the perspective of an effective Lagrangian written in the vicinity of the chiral transition, the Polyakov loop is an energy-like operator and should hence scale as any energy-like operator would. We show here that the Polyakov loop and heavy-quark free energy are sensitive to the chiral transition, i.e. their scaling is consistent with energy-like observables in 3-$d$ $O(N)$ universality classes.
description: 10 pages, 3 figures, presented at the Workshop on Criticality in QCD and the Hadron Resonance Gas
Supersymmetry breaking at the end of a cascade of Seiberg dualities
Creators: name: Bertolini, M.
name: Bigazzi, F.
name: Cotrone, A. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the IR dynamics of the cascading non-conformal quiver theory on N regular and M fractional D3 branes at the tip of the complex cone over the first del Pezzo surface. The horizon of this cone is the irregular Sasaki-Einstein manifold Y^{2,1}. Our analysis shows that at the end of the cascade supersymmetry is dynamically broken.
description: 12 pages, 2 figures, minor changes, typos corrected
SENSORY ORGANS
Creators: name: Mirvohidova, Iroda
name: Askarova, Sayyora
name: Djuraeva, Barno
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: This article delves into the fascinating world of sensory organs, exploring their crucial role in perceiving the external environment. From the eyes that capture light to the ears that detect sound, the skin that senses touch, and the taste buds and olfactory receptors that define flavor and smell, each sensory organ contributes to our rich human experience. The article discusses the anatomy, functions, and interconnectedness of these organs, shedding light on how they collectively shape our perception of the world.
Geometric properties of a certain class of compact dynamical horizons in locally rotationally symmetric class II spacetimes
Creators: name: Sherif, Abbas M.
name: Dunsby, Peter K. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we study the geometry of a certain class of compact dynamical horizons with a time-dependent induced metric in locally rotationally symmetric class II spacetimes. We first obtain a compactness condition for embedded $3$-manifolds in these spacetimes, satisfying the weak energy condition, with non-negative isotropic pressure $p$. General conditions for a $3$-manifold to be a dynamical horizon are imposed, as well as certain genericity conditions, which in the case of locally rotationally symmetric class II spacetimes reduces to the statement that `the weak energy condition is strictly satisfied or otherwise violated'. The compactness condition is presented as a spatial first order partial differential equation in the sheet expansion $ϕ$, in the form $\hatϕ+(3/4)ϕ^2-cK=0$, where $K$ is the Gaussian curvature of $2$-surfaces in the spacetime and $c$ is a real number parametrizing the differential equation, where $c$ can take on only two values, $0$ and $2$. Using geometric arguments, it is shown that the case $c=2$ can be ruled out, and the $\mathbb{S}^3$ ($3$-dimensional sphere) geometry of compact dynamical horizons for the case $c=0$ is established. Finally, an invariant characterization of this class of compact dynamical horizons is also presented.
description: 16 pages and 1 figure
Magnetic excitations and phonons in the spin-chain compound NaCu2O2
Creators: name: Choi, K. -Y.
name: Gnezdilov, V. P.
name: Lemmens, P.
name: Capogna, L.
name: Johnson, M. R.
name: Sofin, M.
name: Maljuk, A.
name: Jansen, M.
name: Keimer, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report an inelastic light scattering study of single-crystalline NaCu$_2$O$_2$, a spin-chain compound known to exhibit a phase with helical magnetic order at low temperatures. Phonon excitations were studied as a function of temperature and light polarization, and the phonon frequencies are compared to the results of ab-initio lattice dynamical calculations, which are also reported here. The good agreement between the observed and calculated modes allows an assignment of the phonon eigenvectors. Two distinct high-energy two-magnon features as well as a sharp low-energy one-magnon peak were also observed. These features are discussed in terms of the magnon modes expected in a helically ordered state. Their polarization dependence provides evidence of substantial exchange interactions between two closely spaced spin chains within a unit cell. At high temperatures, the spectral features attributable to magnetic excitations are replaced by a broad, quasielastic mode due to overdamped spin excitations.
Styraconyx takeshii Fujimoto, Suzuki, Ito, Tamura & Tsujimoto 2020
Creators: name: Trokhymchuk, Roman
name: Schmidt-Rhaesa, Andreas
name: Utevsky, Serge
name: Kristensen, Reinhardt Møbjerg
name: Kieneke, Alexander
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Tardigrada
Heterotardigrada
Arthrotardigrada
Halechiniscidae
Styraconyx
Styraconyx takeshii

description: Styraconyx takeshii Fujimoto, Suzuki, Ito, Tamura & Tsujimoto, 2020
N= 1 specimen: female occurrence: ANDEEP II; 1,109 m bsl.
Figs 10F–I; Supplementary Table 1.11
Short description
Adult female (145 µm long, n=1) with the typical character combination of this species. Dorsal cuticle undulated (Fig. 10F). Primary clavae elongated (Fig. 10F). Large secondary clavae are present (Fig. 10G). Head cirri are divided into three regions (Fig. 10G). Thick seminal receptacle duct openings with no terminal swelling as lateral projections (Fig. 10H). Digits with proximal pads and small peduncles (Fig. 10I). Leg IV sensory organs as elongated papillae (Fig. 10H).
Remarks
Styraconyx takeshii is well recognisable by the shape of dorsal cuticle with transversal ridges, elongated form of primary clavae, small peduncles and robust seminal receptacle opening (Fujimoto et al. 2020).
description: Published as part of Trokhymchuk, Roman, Schmidt-Rhaesa, Andreas, Utevsky, Serge, Kristensen, Reinhardt Møbjerg & Kieneke, Alexander, 2024, Towards a better understanding of deep-sea tardigrade biogeography: numerous new records from the Southern Ocean, pp. 1-39 in Zootaxa 5543 (1) on page 21, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5543.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/14385085
AdS one-loop partition functions from bulk and edge characters
Creators: name: Sun, Zimo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that the one-loop partition function of any higher spin field in $(d+1)$-dimensional Anti-de Sitter spacetime can be expressed as an integral transform of an $\text{SO}(2,d)$ bulk character and an $\text{SO}(2,d-2)$ edge character. We apply this character integral formula to various higher-spin Vasiliev gravities and find miraculous (almost) cancellations between bulk and edge characters that lead to agreement with the predictions of HS/CFT holography. We also discuss about the relation between the character integral representation and Rindler-AdS thermal partition function.
description: 55 pages
Geomagnetic semblance and dipolar-multipolar transition in top-heavy double-diffusive geodynamo models
Creators: name: Tassin, Théo
name: Gastine, Thomas
name: Fournier, Alexandre
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Convection in the liquid outer core of the Earth is driven by thermal and chemical perturbations. The main purpose of this study is to examine the impact of double-diffusive convection on magnetic field generation by means of 3D global geodynamo models, in the so-called "top-heavy" regime of double-diffusive convection, when both thermal and compositional background gradients are destabilizing. Using a linear eigensolver, we begin by confirming that, compared to the standard single-diffusive configuration, the onset of convection is facilitated by the addition of a second buoyancy source. We next carry out a systematic parameter survey by performing $79$ numerical dynamo simulations. We show that a good agreement between simulated magnetic fields and the geomagnetic field can be attained for any partitioning of the convective input power between its thermal and chemical components. On the contrary, the transition between dipole-dominated and multipolar dynamos is found to strongly depend on the nature of the buoyancy forcing. Classical parameters expected to govern this transition, such as the local Rossby number or the degree of equatorial symmetry of the flow, fail to capture the dipole breakdown. A scale-dependent analysis of the force balance instead reveals that the transition occurs when the ratio of inertial to Lorentz forces at the dominant length scale reaches $0.5$, regardless of the partitioning of the buoyancy power. The ratio of integrated kinetic to magnetic energy $E_k/E_m$ provides a reasonable proxy of this force ratio. Given that $E_k/E_m \ll 1$ in the Earth's core, the geodynamo is expected to operate far from the dipole-multipole transition. It hence appears that the occurrence of geomagnetic reversals is unlikely related to dramatic and punctual changes of the amplitude of inertial forces in the Earth's core, and that another mechanism must be sought.
Sequential Predictions based on Algorithmic Complexity
Creators: name: Hutter, Marcus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: G.3; G.1.2; I.2.6; E.4

description: This paper studies sequence prediction based on the monotone Kolmogorov complexity Km=-log m, i.e. based on universal deterministic/one-part MDL. m is extremely close to Solomonoff's universal prior M, the latter being an excellent predictor in deterministic as well as probabilistic environments, where performance is measured in terms of convergence of posteriors or losses. Despite this closeness to M, it is difficult to assess the prediction quality of m, since little is known about the closeness of their posteriors, which are the important quantities for prediction. We show that for deterministic computable environments, the "posterior" and losses of m converge, but rapid convergence could only be shown on-sequence; the off-sequence convergence can be slow. In probabilistic environments, neither the posterior nor the losses converge, in general.
description: 26 pages, LaTeX
The Eleventh Fascicle of the Manuscript Florence, Biblloteca Mediceo-Laurenziana, Pluteus 29.1 : A Critical Edition and Commentary
Creators: name: Aubrey, Elizabeth
Publisher: name: Digital Repository at the University of Maryland
Year: 1975

description: The eleventh fascicle of the thirteenth-century manuscript Florence , Biblioteca Mediceo-Laurenziana, Pluteus 29.1 contains sixty monophonic Latin songs related to vernacular refrain forms of the period. Previous research has classified these songs as "rondelli," or Latin rondeaux, based upon their form . Their function as part of the thirteenth-century musical repertoire has received scant treatment by musicologists; thus far no definitive study of fascicle eleven has been undertaken. The purpose of this thesis is to examine the form of the pieces and to determine the probable use for which they were intended. The study first examines the manuscript itself and places it in its proper chronological and geographical position. The contents are described and the significance of the manuscript demonstrated. The style of the poetry and music of the songs in question are compared to twelfth- and thirteenth-century conductus style and are found to be closely related to that genre. The function and style of the conductus are described, and the suggestion is made that the songs in the Florence manuscript functioned in an analogous manner, so that they are best considered to be monophonic conducti. The form and style of the songs is presented in detail. The thirteenth-century theorists' definitions of the term "rondellus" are given, and it ls shown that the Florence pieces probably are not "rondelli." The study concludes with a complete edition of the songs with a critical commentary.
[Class elicitation sessions on nouns]
Creators: name: Loum, Malick
name: Begay, Kayla
name: David, Oana
name: Faytak, Matthew
name: Merrill, John
name: Jenks, Peter
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: srr

description: The first file (001) focuses on animals and insects.
The second file (002) focuses on numbers and people.
The third file (003) focuses on nouns and descriptive terms.
The fourth file (004) focuses on nouns in general.
A helium high temperature drift chamber
Creators: name: Huang, Jiachang
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: We have built and operated a high temperature TPC which was integral to a polarized target originally designed for a triton detector at TRIUMF. The TPC is the key part for the improvement of the measurement accuracy in the study of the spin dependence of the reaction: μ⁻ + ³He → ³H + vμ. This spin dependence is very sensitive to the induced pseudoscalar form factor, Fp, which is very important for our understanding of strong interactions at low energies, but about which relatively little is known experimentally. The nuclear capture rate in ³He is proportional to (1 + AvPv cos θ), where Pv is the muon polarization and θ is the angle between the muon polarization and the direction of the recoil triton. The last E683 data run at TRIUMF gives Av = 0.59 ± 0.09 ± 0.10 using a Princeton ionization chamber as the triton detector. The design, construction and development of the TPC is the main emphasis of this thesis. An extensive study of the TPC performance as a function of the electric field at various temperatures and different helium-nitrogen mixtures has been made. The properties of electron transport and gas amplification in mixtures of helium with a variety of molecular additives have been studied and compared with a standard argon based gas mixture. The optimized operating condition using helium/nitrogen(97:3) mixture achieves an angular resolution of about ±1 degree. The directional information can be obtained by fitting the anode pulse shapes based on a detailed model of the detector. Future improvements of the detector will make the TPC a candidate for a new generation of this experiment, which should then provide a more precise measurement of Av and hence, a more precise form factor, Fp. Thus, it will provide a better test of our understanding of QCD at low energy.
Asymptotics of Feynman Diagrams and The Mellin-Barnes Representation
Creators: name: Friot, Samuel
name: Greynat, David
name: de Rafael, Eduardo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is shown that the integral representation of Feynman diagrams in terms of the traditional Feynman parameters, when combined with properties of the Mellin--Barnes representation and the so called {\it converse mapping theorem}, provide a very simple and efficient way to obtain the analytic asymptotic behaviours in both the large and small ratios of mass scales.
description: References added. This is the version published in Physics Letters B
Formation of GW190521 via gas accretion onto Population III stellar black hole remnants born in high-redshift minihalos
Creators: name: Safarzadeh, Mohammadtaher
name: Haiman, Zoltán
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The recent gravitational wave merger event, GW190521, has challenged our understanding of the stellar-mass black hole (BH) formation. The primary and secondary BH are both inferred to fall inside the pair-instability (PI) mass gap. Here we propose that the formation of such binaries is possible through gas accretion onto the BH remnants of Population III (Pop~III) stars born in high-redshift ($z>10$) minihalos. Once the parent halo has grown to the atomic-cooling limit, even brief episodes of gas accretion in the dense central regions of the halo can increase the masses of Pop~III remnant BHs above the PI limit. Starting with a BBH with an initial mass of O(100) ${\rm M_{\odot}}$ we find that it would only need to spend about 100~Myr in the inner few pc of an atomic-cooling halo to accrete about 50~${\rm M_{\odot}}$ of material and resemble a system similar to GW190521. The dynamical friction timescale for the binary to sink to the dense inner region of its parent halo is comparable or shorter than the accretion timescale required to increase their mass above the PI limit. Once in the core of the halo, the binary can enter a phase of hyper-Eddington accretion, where it would only take a few thousand years to exceed the PI limit through accretion. Even more massive BBHs could form through this channel, and be detectable by detectors with improved low-frequency sensitivity. Single Pop~III BH remnants would also grow through accretion and could later form binaries dynamically. As little as a few percent of Pop~III BH remnants may be sufficient to match the rate of massive BBH mergers inferred from GW190521 of $0.13^{+0.3}_{-0.11}\rm Gpc^{-3} yr^{-1}$.
description: Accepted for publication at ApJ Letters
GROWTH REGULATORS AND THE FLOWERING OF EVERGREEN AZALEAS (RHODODENDRON CV.)
Creators: name: Ballantyne, David J.
Publisher: name: Digital Repository at the University of Maryland
Year: 1960

description: Spraying experiments were conducted in 1958 and 1959 to find the effectiveness of certain growth regulators upon multiple flower bud formation and rate of flower bud development of evergreen azaleas. Paper chromatograms of extracts of vegetative buds and of flower buds treated with 37°F. storage and potassium gibberellate (GAk) sprays, were tested with a wheat coleoptile bioassay in 1959. Foliar sprays of 2, 3, 5-triiodobenzoic acid (TIBA), an antiauxin, showed evidence of inhibiting multiple flower bud formation, and a foliar spray of 2,200 ppm indoleacetic acid (IAA) tended to promote multiple flower bud formation. The time of spraying in relation to the time of floral initiation apparently is important if growth regulators are to influence multiple flower bud formation. The rate of flower bud development was increased by two weeks of 37°F. storage and either two sprays of 200 ppm TIBA or single sprays of 160, 400 or 1,000 ppm TIBA, or by three weeks of 45°F. storage and a single spray of 1,000 ppm IAA. Rate of flower bud development was increased by two sprays of 200 ppm TIBA and one spray of 1,000 ppm gibberellic acid (GA). Flower bud dormancy was removed by foliar sprays of 900 ppm GAk with no cold storage or two weeks of 37°F. Four weeks of 37°F. storage was effective without GAk and six weeks of 37°F. storage gave no increase over four weeks of storage. Concentrations of GAk lower than 900 ppm were ineffective. GAk was effective whether applied before or after two weeks of 37°F. storage. Naphthalene acetic acid in concentrations of 9 ppm or greater inhibited the rate of flower bud development. Apical dominance was removed by 800 ppm or more of TIBA. The wheat coleoptile bioassay indicated that a growth inhibitor in the flower buds was removed by three or more weeks of 37°F. storage and three sprays of 1,000 ppm GAk. The promoter was not in vegetative buds and could not be considered to be IAA, GA or GAk.
title: Mehitamata õhusõidukite kasutamine piiril
Creators: name: Puusalu, Jaanika
Publisher: name: Tallinn: Sisekaitseakadeemia
Year: 2022
Subjects: classificationCode: 5
subject: FOS: Social sciences

description: Mõttepaberi eesmärk on kaardistada teemad, mis on mehitamata õhusõidukite piiril rakendamise kontekstis aktuaalsed: droonide rakendamisega kaasnev lisavõimekus piiritsooni seires, seirevõimekuse tõhustumisega tekkinud ohud ja tehnoloogia rakendamise sobilikkuse küsimused. Samuti tuuakse kokkuvõttes välja need rakendusaspektid, millele peaks uue tehnoloogia integreerimise sobilikkust hinnates ning maailmapraktikatest ja arengutest lähtudes tähelepanu pöörama, sh tehnoloogia elukaar, töövoo jätkusuutlikkus ja rakendusvõimalused erinevates keskkonnatingimustes. Võtmesõnad/Keywords: droonid; piirivalve; õhusõidukid; sõjatööstus; drones; border guard; aircraft; military industry
description: Sissejuhatus ; 1. Droonitehnoloogia rakendamine piiriseires: hetkeseis ; 2. Droonitehnoloogia eelised piiriseires ; 3. Droonitehnoloogia kitsaskohad piiriseires ; Kokkuvõte
AzTEC Millimetre Survey of the COSMOS Field: I. Data Reduction and Source Catalogue
Creators: name: Scott, K. S.
name: Austermann, J. E.
name: Perera, T. A.
name: Wilson, G. W.
name: Aretxaga, I.
name: Bock, J. J.
name: Hughes, D. H.
name: Kang, Y.
name: Kim, S.
name: Mauskopf, P. D.
name: Sanders, D. B.
name: Scoville, N.
name: Yun, M. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a 1.1 mm wavelength imaging survey covering 0.3 sq. deg. in the COSMOS field. These data, obtained with the AzTEC continuum camera on the James Clerk Maxwell Telescope (JCMT), were centred on a prominent large-scale structure over-density which includes a rich X-ray cluster at z = 0.73. A total of 50 millimetre galaxy candidates, with a significance ranging from 3.5-8.5 sigma, are extracted from the central 0.15 sq. deg. area which has a uniform sensitivity of 1.3 mJy/beam. Sixteen sources are detected with S/N > 4.5, where the expected false-detection rate is zero, of which a surprisingly large number (9) have intrinsic (de-boosted) fluxes > 5 mJy at 1.1 mm. Assuming the emission is dominated by radiation from dust, heated by a massive population of young, optically-obscured stars, then these bright AzTEC sources have FIR luminosities > 6 x 10^12 L(sun) and star formation-rates > 1100 M(sun)/yr. Two of these nine bright AzTEC sources are found towards the extreme peripheral region of the X-ray cluster, whilst the remainder are distributed across the larger-scale over-density. We describe the AzTEC data reduction pipeline, the source-extraction algorithm, and the characterisation of the source catalogue, including the completeness, flux de-boosting correction, false-detection rate and the source positional uncertainty, through an extensive set of Monte-Carlo simulations. We conclude with a preliminary comparison, via a stacked analysis, of the overlapping MIPS 24 micron data and radio data with this AzTEC map of the COSMOS field.
description: 16 pages, 12 figures, 2 tables, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Non-Perturbative Tachyon Potential from the Wilsonian Renormalization Group
Creators: name: O'Dwyer, James P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The derivative expansion of the Wilsonian renormalization group generates additional terms in the effective beta-functions not present in the perturbative approach. Applied to the nonlinear sigma model, to lowest order the vanishing of the beta-function for the tachyon field generates an equation analogous to that found in open string field theory. Although the nonlinear term depends on the cut-off function, this arbitrariness can be removed by a rescaling of the tachyon field.
description: 6 pages, further references added