cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Electron Heating by the Ion Cyclotron Instability in Collisionless Accretion Flows. II. Electron Heating Efficiency as a Function of Flow Conditions
Creators: name: Sironi, Lorenzo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the innermost regions of low-luminosity accretion flows, including Sgr A* at the center of our Galaxy, the frequency of Coulomb collisions is so low that the plasma is two-temperature, with the ions substantially hotter than the electrons. This paradigm assumes that Coulomb collisions are the only channel for transferring the ion energy to the electrons. In this work, the second of a series, we assess the efficiency of electron heating by ion velocity-space instabilities in collisionless accretion flows. The instabilities are seeded by the pressure anisotropy induced by magnetic field amplification, coupled to the adiabatic invariance of the particle magnetic moments. Using two-dimensional (2D) particle-in-cell (PIC) simulations, we showed in Paper I that if the electron-to-ion temperature ratio is < 0.2, the ion cyclotron instability is the dominant mode for values of ion beta_i ~ 5-30 (here, beta_i is the ratio of ion thermal pressure to magnetic pressure), as appropriate for the midplane of low-luminosity accretion flows. In this work, we employ analytical theory and 1D PIC simulations (with the box aligned with the fastest growing wavevector of the ion cyclotron mode) to fully characterize how the electron heating efficiency during the growth of the ion cyclotron instability depends on the electron-to-proton temperature ratio, the plasma beta, the Alfven speed, the amplification rate of the mean field (in units of the ion Larmor frequency) and the proton-to-electron mass ratio. Our findings can be incorporated as a physically-grounded sub-grid model into global fluid simulations of low-luminosity accretion flows, thus helping to assess the validity of the two-temperature assumption.
description: 18 pages, 6 figures, 6 tables, 2 appendices, submitted to ApJ. Paper I appeared on Monday November 24th
Spiral Structure and Massive Star formation in the Hub-Filament-System G326.27-0.49
Creators: name: Mookerjea, Bhaswati
name: Veena, V. S.
name: Guesten, Rolf
name: Wyrowski, F.
name: Lasrado, Akhil
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Hub-filament systems (HFSs) are potential sites of formation of star clusters and high mass stars. To understand the HFSs and to provide observational constraints on current theories that attempt to explainstar formation globally, we report a study of the region associated with G326.27-0.49 using infrared data of dust continuum and newly obtained observations on molecular tracers using the APEX telescope. We use the spectroscopic observations to identify velocity-coherent structures (filaments and clumps) and study their properties at a resolution of 0.4 pc. The region contains two main velocity components: first component shows four filaments between -63 and -55 km/s forming a spiral structure converging in a hub, the second filamentary component at -72 km/s harbors a massive young stellar object and possibly interacts with the hub. The clumps harbouring the three main YSOs in the region are massive (187-535 Msun), have luminosities consistent with B-type stars, have central densities of ~10^6 cm^-3 and drive large outflows. Majority of the velocity-coherent clumps in the region show virial parameters between 2-7, which considering the detection of protostars implies collapse to be gradual. We conclude that the region consists of a network of filaments through which mass accretes (~10^-4 Msun/yr) onto the hub. The hub and some of the ends of filaments appear to be undergoing collapse to form new stars. This study identifies a target region for future high resolution observations that could probe the link between the core and filament evolution.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Differentiable bit-rate estimation for neural-based video codec enhancement
Creators: name: Said, Amir
name: Singh, Manish Kumar
name: Pourreza, Reza
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Multimedia (cs.MM)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Neural networks (NN) can improve standard video compression by pre- and post-processing the encoded video. For optimal NN training, the standard codec needs to be replaced with a codec proxy that can provide derivatives of estimated bit-rate and distortion, which are used for gradient back-propagation. Since entropy coding of standard codecs is designed to take into account non-linear dependencies between transform coefficients, bit-rates cannot be well approximated with simple per-coefficient estimators. This paper presents a new approach for bit-rate estimation that is similar to the type employed in training end-to-end neural codecs, and able to efficiently take into account those statistical dependencies. It is defined from a mathematical model that provides closed-form formulas for the estimates and their gradients, reducing the computational complexity. Experimental results demonstrate the method's accuracy in estimating HEVC/H.265 codec bit-rates.
การยกระดับนวัตกรรมชุมชนและพัฒนาชุมชนต้นแบบการพัฒนาอย่างยั่งยืนด้วยผลงานวิจัยและนวัตกรรม
Creators: name: ชญาดา เข็มเพชร
Publisher: name: มหาวิทยาลัยมหาจุฬาลงกรณราชวิทยาลัย วิทยาเขตนครสวรรค์
Year: 2023
Subjects: นวัตกรรมชุมชน
ชุมชนต้นแบบ
ยกระดับ
ผลงานวิจัย
การพัฒนาอย่างยั่งยืน

description: The Journal of Research and Academics, 6, 5, 347-360
Electroluminescence in silicon oxynitride films
Creators: name: Irene, E.A.
name: McNeil, L.E.
name: Sharpe, L.R.
name: Price, K.J.
Publisher: name: American Institute of Physics Inc., Woodbury
Year: 1999

description: Electroluminescence (EL) was reported from 50 nm silicon oxynitride films on p-type crystalline silicon substrates in a Au/silicon oxynitride/Si structure. The EL intensity is consisted with radiative recombination of injected carriers, and has a peak below 2.45 eV. The EL can only be seen in annealed samples with the emission similar to the photoluminescence from the same samples.
Submission to the National Water Reform Inquiry into progress of the Intergovernmental Agreement on a National Water Initiative (NWI)
Creators: name: RiverOfLife Martuwarra
name: Poelina, Anne
name: Taylor, Kat
name: Davis, Michael
name: R. Quentin Grafton
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 111701 Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 110403 Traditional Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Medicine and Treatments
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 130301 Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Education
subject: FOS: Educational sciences
subject: 160501 Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Policy
subject: FOS: Political science
subject: 180101 Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Law
subject: FOS: Law
subject: 210301 Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander History
subject: FOS: History and archaeology
subject: 200201 Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Cultural Studies
subject: FOS: Other humanities
subject: 80701 Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Knowledge Management
subject: FOS: Media and communications
subject: 169902 Studies of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Society
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 200502 Australian Literature (excl. Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Literature)
subject: FOS: Languages and literature
subject: 200501 Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Literature
subject: 210101 Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Archaeology
subject: 200319 Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Languages
subject: 190401 Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Performing Arts
subject: FOS: Arts (arts, history of arts, performing arts, music)
subject: 50201 Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Environmental Knowledge
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 80601 Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Information and Knowledge Systems
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: A suite of recommendations provided to theAustralian Government Productivity Commission on water reform by submission to the National Water Reform Inquiry 2020.
Additional file 3 of Legal and regulatory instruments for NCD prevention: a scoping review and descriptive analysis of evaluations in OECD countries
Creators: name: Heenan, Maddie
name: Hart, Ashleigh Chanel
name: Cullerton, Katherine
name: Jan, Stephen
name: Shanthosh, Janani
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 3
พุทธเกษตร สู้วิกฤต COVID-19 กับการเสริมสร้างความมั่นคงทางอาหารของชุมชนในจังหวัดอุทัยธานี
Creators: name: ประคอง มาโต
Publisher: name: มหาวิทยาลัยมหาจุฬาลงกรณราชวิทยาลัย วิทยาเขตนครสวรรค์
Year: 2023
Subjects: พุทธเกษตร
วิกฤต
การเสริมสร้างความมั่นคง

description: The Journal of Research and Academics, 6, 5, 361-374
มรดกภูมิปัญญาผ้าไหมยกทองสุรินทร์ : อนุรักษ์ พัฒนาและถ่ายทอดเพื่อยกระดับคุณภาพชีวิตชุมชน
Creators: name: ฉลอง สุขทอง
Publisher: name: มหาวิทยาลัยมหาจุฬาลงกรณราชวิทยาลัย วิทยาเขตนครสวรรค์
Year: 2023
Subjects: มรดกภูมิปัญญา
ผ้าไหม
ผ้าไหมยกทองสุรินทร์
การอนุรักษ์
การพัฒนาศักยภาพ

description: The Journal of Research and Academics, 6, 5, 375-394
PICSARR: high-precision polarimetry using CMOS image sensors
Creators: name: Bailey, Jeremy
name: Cotton, Daniel V.
name: De Horta, Ain
name: Kedziora-Chudczer, Lucyna
name: Shastri, Om
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have built and tested a compact, low-cost, but very-high-performance astronomical polarimeter based on a continuously rotating half-wave plate and a high-speed imaging detector. The polarimeter is suitable for small telescopes up to ~1 m in aperture. The optical system provides very high transmission over a wide wavelength range from the atmospheric UV cutoff to ~1000 nm. The high-quantum-efficiency, low-noise and high-speed of the detectors enable bright stars to be observed with high-precision as well as polarization imaging of extended sources. We have measured the performance of the instrument on 20 cm and 60 cm aperture telescopes. We show some examples of the type of science possible with this instrument. The polarimeter is particularly suited to studies of the wavelength dependence and time variability of the polarization of stars and planets.
description: MNRAS, accepted
Unexpected behavior of the antiferromagnetic mode of NiO
Creators: name: Grimsditch, M.
name: McNeil, L.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1998

description: Although NiO is often considered the classic example of an antiferromagnetic insulator, recent investigations have revealed unexplained features of the magnon spectrum. The present study of the temperature and polarization behavior of first-order magnetic Raman scattering reveals that the polarization selection rules are not described by the generally accepted antisymmetric scattering tensor. The inclusion of quadratic magneto-optic coupling terms can explain the symmetry of the scattering tensor, but does not lead to results consistent with the accepted [112] spin alignment direction.
Complexity of distance fraud attacks in graph-based distance bounding
Creators: name: Trujillo-Rasua, Rolando
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Distance bounding (DB) emerged as a countermeasure to the so-called \emph{relay attack}, which affects several technologies such as RFID, NFC, Bluetooth, and Ad-hoc networks. A prominent family of DB protocols are those based on graphs, which were introduced in 2010 to resist both mafia and distance frauds. The security analysis in terms of distance fraud is performed by considering an adversary that, given a vertex labeled graph $G = (V, E)$ and a vertex $v \in V$, is able to find the most frequent $n$-long sequence in $G$ starting from $v$ (MFS problem). However, to the best of our knowledge, it is still an open question whether the distance fraud security can be computed considering the aforementioned adversarial model. Our first contribution is a proof that the MFS problem is NP-Hard even when the graph is constrained to meet the requirements of a graph-based DB protocol. Although this result does not invalidate the model, it does suggest that a \emph{too-strong} adversary is perhaps being considered (i.e., in practice, graph-based DB protocols might resist distance fraud better than the security model suggests.) Our second contribution is an algorithm addressing the distance fraud security of the tree-based approach due to Avoine and Tchamkerten. The novel algorithm improves the computational complexity $O(2^{2^n+n})$ of the naive approach to $O(2^{2n}n)$ where $n$ is the number of rounds.
description: Mobile and Ubiquitous Systems: Computing, Networking, and Services - 10th International Conference, MOBIQUITOUS 2013
Suitability of soybeans for organic production in varietal macroviews
Creators: name: Jelić, Aleksandar
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Glycine max
organic agriculture
morphological traits

description: Master thesis (in Serbian language) submitted to the Faculty of Agriculture, University of Novi Sad, Serbia. English abstract: Soybean production is of great importance, because this field crop is used not only in human and animal nutrition, but also in the pharmaceutical and other branches of industry. By growing soybeans according to the methods of organic production in our country and its development, the production of sufficient quantities of quality, safe food can be achieved. However, the challenge represents the harmonization of elements of agrotechnics, with the occurrence of climatic extremes and the selection of varieties that can respond to different cultivation needs. The transition from conventional to organic production is relatively simple from a cultivation practice standpoint, especially when it comes to smaller areas. Increasing the area under organic soybean production would significantly affect the increase of total production and with quality grain processing we could become significant exporters of soybean products. The aim of this study was to determine which variety is the best in the macrotrials from the point of view of yield and morphological traits for the conditions of Vojvodina in the organic production system.
NWI Submission: Martuwarra Council to the Productivity Commission Inquiry on Water Reform 2020
Creators: name: RiverOfLife Martuwarra
name: Poelina, Anne
name: Taylor, Kat
name: Davis, Michael
name: R. Quentin Grafton
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 111701 Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 110403 Traditional Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Medicine and Treatments
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 130301 Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Education
subject: FOS: Educational sciences
subject: 160501 Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Policy
subject: FOS: Political science
subject: 180101 Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Law
subject: FOS: Law
subject: 210301 Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander History
subject: FOS: History and archaeology
subject: 200201 Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Cultural Studies
subject: FOS: Other humanities
subject: 80701 Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Knowledge Management
subject: FOS: Media and communications
subject: 169902 Studies of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Society
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 200502 Australian Literature (excl. Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Literature)
subject: FOS: Languages and literature
subject: 200501 Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Literature
subject: 210101 Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Archaeology
subject: 200319 Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Languages
subject: 190401 Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Performing Arts
subject: FOS: Arts (arts, history of arts, performing arts, music)
subject: 50201 Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Environmental Knowledge
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 80601 Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Information and Knowledge Systems
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: A suite of recommendations provided to theAustralian Government Productivity Commission on water reform by submission to the National Water Reform Inquiry 2020.
มุมมองทางทฤษฎีและกรณีศึกษากรอบแนวคิดเครือข่ายพันธมิตรนโยบายในนโยบายสาธารณะ
Creators: name: ยศธร ทวีพล
Publisher: name: มหาวิทยาลัยมหาจุฬาลงกรณราชวิทยาลัย วิทยาเขตนครสวรรค์
Year: 2023
Subjects: กรอบแนวคิดเครือข่ายพันธมิตรนโยบาย
นโยบายสาธารณะ
ผู้มีส่วนได้ส่วนเสีย

description: The Journal of Research and Academics, 6, 5, 395-408
Photoluminescence measurements of tensile-strained GaAs/In0.07Al0.93As quantum wells
Creators: name: McNeil, L.E.
name: Yeh, C.N.
name: Blue, L.J.
name: Daniels-Race, T.
Publisher: name: American Institute of Physics Inc.
Year: 1996

description: GaAs/In0.07Al0.93As tensile-strained quantum wells were grown on [001] GaAs substrates using molecular-beam epitaxy. The incorporation of tensile strain is made possible by preparing a 1-μm-thick In0.07Al0.93As relaxed buffer which is followed by the growth of quantum wells. The strain of the GaAs was measured using Raman spectroscopy and photoluminescence. The photoluminescence measurements from wells ranging in thickness from 25 to 100 Å reveal that the observed optical transition originates from the electron-light hole recombination for a 100 Å well and from the electron-heavy hole recombination if the well thickness is less than 40 Å. Therefore, a thick Al-rich InxAl1-x As relaxed buffer on the GaAs substrate can be used to engineer the relative energy position of the light and heavy holes for GaAs-based quantum wells.
Preparation and photoemission investigation of bulklike α-Mn films on W(110)
Creators: name: Dedkov, Yu.S.
name: Voloshina, E.N.
name: Richter, M.
Publisher: name: College Park : American Physical Society
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: 530

description: We report the successful stabilization of a thick bulklike distorted α-Mn film with (110) orientation on a W(110) substrate. The observed (3×3) overstructure for the Mn film with respect to the original W(110) low-energy electron-diffraction pattern is consistent with the presented structure model. The possibility to stabilize such a pseudomorphic Mn film is supported by density-functional total-energy calculations. Angle-resolved photoemission spectra of the stabilized α-Mn(110) film show weak dispersions of the valence-band electronic states in accordance with the large unit cell.
Die Qual der Wahl - wie finde ich ein passendes Open-Access-Journal?
Creators: name: Eppelin, Anita
name: Rücknagel, Jesko
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Open Access

description: Die Wahl einer thematisch passenden wissenschaftlichen Zeitschrift ist bedeutsam, um die gewünschte Leserschaft zu erreichen. Nicht zuletzt wegen der wachsenden Zahl an Open-Access-Journalen kann der Auswahlprozess jedoch herausfordernd sein. Der Open Access Talk stellte hierfür wertvolle Informationen zusammen, die bei der Bewertung der Seriosität eines Journals helfen. Darüber hinaus wurde der von der TIB und SLUB Dresden entwickelte B!SON Journal Recommender vorgestellt. Mit Hilfe des Tools wurde demonstriert, wie semantische und bibliometrische Verfahren die Suche nach Open-Access-Zeitschriften unterstützen können. Den Vortrag hielten Anita Eppelin und Jesko Rücknagel. Anita Eppelin ist an der Technischen Informationsbibliothek im B!SON-Projekt beschäftigt und arbeitet für die Vernetzungs- und Kompetenzstelle Open Access Brandenburg. Jesko Rücknagel ist im Projekt open-access.network beschäftigt. Der Vortrag wurde am 23.03.2023 im Rahmen der Webinar-Reihe Open Access Talk gehalten. Die Reihe ist ein Angebot des BMBF-geförderten Projektes open-access.network.
Physical and Morphological Properties of [O II] Emitting Galaxies in the HETDEX Pilot Survey
Creators: name: Bridge, Joanna S.
name: Gronwall, Caryl
name: Ciardullo, Robin
name: Hagen, Alex
name: Zeimann, Greg
name: Malz, A. I.
name: Acquaviva, Viviana
name: Schneider, Donald P.
name: Drory, Niv
name: Gebhardt, Karl
name: Jogee, Shardha
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Hobby-Eberly Dark Energy Experiment pilot survey identified 284 [O II] 3727 emitting galaxies in a 169 square-arcminute field of sky in the redshift range 0 < z < 0.57. This line flux limited sample provides a bridge between studies in the local universe and higher-redshift [O II] surveys. We present an analysis of the star formation rates (SFRs) of these galaxies as a function of stellar mass as determined via spectral energy distribution fitting. The [O II] emitters fall on the "main sequence" of star-forming galaxies with SFR decreasing at lower masses and redshifts. However, the slope of our relation is flatter than that found for most other samples, a result of the metallicity dependence of the [O II] star formation rate indicator. The mass specific SFR is higher for lower mass objects, supporting the idea that massive galaxies formed more quickly and efficiently than their lower mass counterparts. This is confirmed by the fact that the equivalent widths of the [O II] emission lines trend smaller with larger stellar mass. Examination of the morphologies of the [O II] emitters reveals that their star formation is not a result of mergers, and the galaxies' half-light radii do not indicate evolution of physical sizes.
description: 36 pages, 16 figures, 4 tables, accepted to ApJ
บทวิจารณ์หนังสือ ทิศทางอนาคตประเทศไทยหลังโควิด
Creators: name: จิระวัฒน์ โรจนศิลป์
Publisher: name: มหาวิทยาลัยมหาจุฬาลงกรณราชวิทยาลัย วิทยาเขตนครสวรรค์
Year: 2024
Subjects: ทิศทาง
อนาคต
ประเทศไทย
โควิด
มรรควิธี 12 ประการ

description: The Journal of Research and Academics, 6, 5, 409-424
Constraining Coupling Constants' Variation with Supernovae, Quasars, and GRBs
Creators: name: Gupta, Rajendra P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Dirac, in 1937 proposed the variation of coupling constants derived from his large number hypothesis. Efforts have continued since then to constrain their variation by various methods. We briefly discuss several methods used for the purpose while focusing primarily on the use of supernovae type 1a, quasars, and gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) as cosmological probes for determining cosmological distances. Supernovae type Ia (SNeIa) are considered the best standard candles since their intrinsic luminosity can be determined precisely from their light curves. However, they have only been observed up to about redshift $z=2.3$, mostly at $z<1.5$. Quasars are the brightest non-transient cosmic sources in the Universe. They have been observed up to $z=7.5$. Certain types of quasars can be calibrated well enough for their use as standard candles but with a higher degree of uncertainty in their intrinsic luminosity than the SNeIa. GRBs are even brighter than quasars, observed up to $z=9.4$. Their radiation lasts from 10s of milliseconds to several minutes and, in rare cases, for a few hours. However, they are even more challenging to calibrate as standard candles than quasars. What if the standard candles' intrinsic luminosities are affected when the coupling constants become dynamic? This paper uses our earlier finding that the speed of light c, the gravitational constant G, the Planck constant h, and the Boltzmann constant k variations are correlated as $G\thicksim c^{3}\thicksim h^{3}\thicksim k^{3/2}$ with $(\dot{G}/G)_{0}=3(\dot{c}/c)_{0}=(\dot{h}/h)_{0}=1.5 (\dot{k}/k)_{0}=5.4H_{0} =3.90(\pm 0.04)\times 10^{-10} yr^{-1}$ corroborates it with SNeIa, quasars, and GRBs observational data. Also, we show that this covarying coupling constant model may be better than the standard ΛCDM model for using quasars and GRBs as standard candles and predict the mass of the GRBs scales as $((1+z)^{1/3}-1)$.
description: 18 pages, 5 figures. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2202.12758
Thermal capillary waves on bounded nanoscale thin films
Creators: name: Liu, Jingbang
name: Zhao, Chengxi
name: Lockerby, Duncan A.
name: Sprittles, James E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The effect of confining walls on the fluctuation of a nanoscale thin film's free surface is studied using stochastic thin-film equations (STFEs). Two canonical boundary conditions are employed to reveal the influence of the confinement: (1) an imposed contact angle and (2) a pinned contact line. A linear stability analysis provides the wave eigenmodes, after which thermal-capillary-wave theory predicts the wave fluctuation amplitudes. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations are performed to test the predictions, and a Langevin diffusion model is proposed to capture oscillations of the contact lines observed in MD simulations. Good agreement between the theoretical predictions and the MD simulation results is recovered, and it is discovered that confinement can influence the entire film. Notably, a constraint on the length scale of wave modes is found to affect fluctuation amplitudes from our theoretical model, especially for 3D films. This opens up challenges and future lines of inquiry.
The LyAlpha Line Profiles of Ultraluminous Infrared Galaxies: Fast Winds and Lyman Continuum Leakage
Creators: name: Martin, Crystal L.
name: Dijkstra, Mark
name: Henry, Alaina
name: Soto, Kurt T.
name: Danforth, Charles W.
name: Wong, Joseph
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present new Hubble Space Telescope Cosmic Origins Spectrograph far-ultraviolet (far-UV) spectroscopy and Keck Echellete optical spectroscopy of 11 ultraluminous infrared galaxies (ULIRGs), a rare population of local galaxies experiencing massive gas inflows, extreme starbursts, and prominent outflows. We detect H Lyman alpha emission from 8 ULIRGs and the companion to IRAS09583+4714. In contrast to the P Cygni profiles often seen in galaxy spectra, the H Lyman alpha profiles exhibit prominent, blueshifted emission out to Doppler shifts exceeding -1000 km/s in three HII-dominated and two AGN-dominated ULIRGs. To better understand the role of resonance scattering in shaping the H Lyman alpha line profiles, we directly compare them to non-resonant emission lines in optical spectra. We find that the line wings are already present in the intrinsic nebular spectra, and scattering merely enhances the wings relative to the line core. The H Lyman alpha attenuation (as measured in the COS aperture) ranges from that of the far-UV continuum to over 100 times more. A simple radiative transfer model suggests the H Lyman alpha photons escape through cavities which have low column densities of neutral hydrogen and become optically thin to the Lyman continuum in the most advanced mergers. We show that the properties of the highly blueshifted line wings on the H Lyman alpha and optical emission-line profiles are consistent with emission from clumps of gas condensing out of a fast, hot wind. The luminosity of the H Lyman alpha emission increases non-linearly with the ULIRG bolometric luminosity and represents about 0.1 to 1% of the radiative cooling from the hot winds in the HII-dominated ULIRGs.
description: Submitted to ApJ
Additional file 1: of A novel homozygous MPV17 mutation in two families with axonal sensorimotor polyneuropathy
Creators: name: Yu-Ri Choi
name: Hong, Young
name: Sung-Chul Jung
name: Lee, Ja
name: Kim, Ye
name: Park, Hyung
name: Jinho Lee
name: Heasoo Koo
name: Ji-Su Lee
name: Jwa, Dong
name: Namhee Jung
name: Woo, So-Youn
name: Sang-Beom Kim
name: Chung, Ki
name: Choi, Byung-Ok
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Table S1. List of primers and siRNAs. Table S2. Summary of exome sequencing data. Table S3. List of CMT- and MTDPS- related genes. Table S4. Polymorphic nonsynonymous variants in peripheral neuropathy- and mitochondrial DNA depletion syndrome- related genes from the exome date. (DOCX 43Â kb)
An ellliptical polarization machine
Creators: name: McNeil, L.E.
name: Holmgren, D.E.
Publisher: name: American Association of Physics Teachers
Year: 1996

description: One of the great pleasures of teaching a class in optics is the oppertunity to demonstrate in class many of the phenomena under study. Geometrical optics and aberrations, diffraction, thin-film interference, dispersion, birefringence, total internal reflection, Brewster's angle, Poisson's spot, and many other abstract ideas can be made concrete by simple lecture demonstrations or laboratory exercises.
Applications of electron beams in the environmental area
Creators: name: ARIES WP3 Members
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019

description: This report presents recent industrial pilot and full scale applications of electron accelerators for flue gas treatment. The engineering solutions regarding accelerators and process equipment developments are discussed. New possible applications of accelerator technology for other environment applications, like marine diesel off-gases purification, ship ballast water treatment and municipal wastewater treatment plants sludge hygenization are reviewed. The conclusions of the report support a broad possibility of technology applications, however their acceptance by industry depends on the availability of reliable accelerators at competitive prices.
description: {"references": ["ARIES Del3.1"]}
On Dynamic Regret and Constraint Violations in Constrained Online Convex Optimization
Creators: name: Vaze, Rahul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: A constrained version of the online convex optimization (OCO) problem is considered. With slotted time, for each slot, first an action is chosen. Subsequently the loss function and the constraint violation penalty evaluated at the chosen action point is revealed. For each slot, both the loss function as well as the function defining the constraint set is assumed to be smooth and strongly convex. In addition, once an action is chosen, local information about a feasible set within a small neighborhood of the current action is also revealed. An algorithm is allowed to compute at most one gradient at its point of choice given the described feedback to choose the next action. The goal of an algorithm is to simultaneously minimize the dynamic regret (loss incurred compared to the oracle's loss) and the constraint violation penalty (penalty accrued compared to the oracle's penalty). We propose an algorithm that follows projected gradient descent over a suitably chosen set around the current action. We show that both the dynamic regret and the constraint violation is order-wise bounded by the {\it path-length}, the sum of the distances between the consecutive optimal actions. Moreover, we show that the derived bounds are the best possible.
Balanced Allocations with Heterogeneous Bins: The Power of Memory
Creators: name: Los, Dimitrios
name: Sauerwald, Thomas
name: Sylvester, John
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Discrete Mathematics (cs.DM)
subject: Data Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: G.3; G.2.m; F.2.2
subject: 68W20, 68W27, 68W40, 60C05

description: We consider the allocation of $m$ balls (jobs) into $n$ bins (servers). In the standard Two-Choice process, at each step $t=1,2,\ldots,m$ we first sample two bins uniformly at random and place a ball in the least loaded bin. It is well-known that for any $m \geq n$, this results in a gap (difference between the maximum and average load) of $\log_2 \log n + Θ(1)$ (with high probability). In this work, we consider the Memory process [Mitzenmacher, Prabhakar and Shah 2002] where instead of two choices, we only sample one bin per step but we have access to a cache which can store the location of one bin. Mitzenmacher, Prabhakar and Shah showed that in the lightly loaded case ($m = n$), the Memory process achieves a gap of $\mathcal{O}(\log \log n)$. Extending the setting of Mitzenmacher et al. in two ways, we first allow the number of balls $m$ to be arbitrary, which includes the challenging heavily loaded case where $m \geq n$. Secondly, we follow the heterogeneous bins model of Wieder [Wieder 2007], where the sampling distribution of bins can be biased up to some arbitrary multiplicative constant. Somewhat surprisingly, we prove that even in this setting, the Memory process still achieves an $\mathcal{O}(\log \log n)$ gap bound. This is in stark contrast with the Two-Choice (or any $d$-Choice with $d=\mathcal{O}(1)$) process, where it is known that the gap diverges as $m \rightarrow \infty$ [Wieder 2007]. Further, we show that for any sampling distribution independent of $m$ (but possibly dependent on $n$) the Memory process has a gap that can be bounded independently of $m$. Finally, we prove a tight gap bound of $\mathcal{O}(\log n)$ for Memory in another relaxed setting with heterogeneous (weighted) balls and a cache which can only be maintained for two steps.
description: 62 Pages, 6 Figures. Appearing at SODA 2023
Design of a Framework to Facilitate Decisions Using Information Fusion
Creators: name: Neama, Tamer M. Abo
name: Ismail, Ismail A.
name: Sobh, Tarek S.
name: Zaki, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Information fusion is an advanced research area which can assist decision makers in enhancing their decisions. This paper aims at designing a new multi-layer framework that can support the process of performing decisions from the obtained beliefs using information fusion. Since it is not an easy task to cross the gap between computed beliefs of certain hypothesis and decisions, the proposed framework consists of the following layers in order to provide a suitable architecture (ordered bottom up): 1. A layer for combination of basic belief assignments using an information fusion approach. Such approach exploits Dezert-Smarandache Theory, DSmT, and proportional conflict redistribution to provide more realistic final beliefs. 2. A layer for computation of pignistic probability of the underlying propositions from the corresponding final beliefs. 3. A layer for performing probabilistic reasoning using a Bayesian network that can obtain the probable reason of a proposition from its pignistic probability. 4. Ranking the system decisions is ultimately used to support decision making. A case study has been accomplished at various operational conditions in order to prove the concept, in addition it pointed out that: 1. The use of DSmT for information fusion yields not only more realistic beliefs but also reliable pignistic probabilities for the underlying propositions. 2. Exploiting the pignistic probability for the integration of the information fusion with the Bayesian network provides probabilistic inference and enable decision making on the basis of both belief based probabilities for the underlying propositions and Bayesian based probabilities for the corresponding reasons. A comparative study of the proposed framework with respect to other information fusion systems confirms its superiority to support decision making.
description: 17 pages, 5 figures, Journal of Al Azhar University Engineering Sector, Vol. 8, No. 28, July 2013, 1237-1250. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:cs/0409007 by other authors
Measurement of the In0.52Al0.48As valence-band hydrostatic deformation potential and the hydrostatic-pressure dependence of the In0.52Al0.48As/InP valence-band offset
Creators: name: Bhat, R.
name: Yeh, C.N.
name: Nahory, R.E.
name: McNeil, L.E.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1995

description: We have measured the In0.52Al0.48As valence-band hydrostatic deformation potential from the hydrostatic-pressure dependence of the In0.52Al0.48As/InP valence-band offset which was measured from 0 to 35 kbar at room temperature. Due to the type-II band lineup, the radiative recombinations across the InP band gap and between the InP conduction band and the In0.52Al0.48As valence band were both observed in the photoluminescence spectra. This enables us to measure directly the changes of the valence-band offset under pressure. The hydrostatic-pressure derivative of the valence-band offset was measured to be 0.00.4 meV/kbar. The predictions of the pressure dependence from band-offset models (dielectric midgap and model-solid theories) agree with the measurement to within 1 meV/kbar. The In0.52Al0.48As valence-band hydrostatic deformation potential is found to be -0.8 eV which compares well with the dielectric midgap theory. Using the reported pressure dependence of the GaAs/AlAs valence-band offset, the valence-band hydrostatic deformation potentials of InxAl1-xAs (0x0.52) are linearly interpolated as -1.9x+0.2 eV.
Verification of the Electrical Thrust Control Valve in the Small LOX/Methane Engine Firing Tests
Creators: name:  YUTARO OTA
name:   HIROYA ASAKAWA
name:   RYOHEI ISHIKAWA
name:   TATSUYA HASHIZUME
Publisher: name: Proceedings of the Aerospace Europe Conference - EUCASS - CEAS - 2023
Year: 2023
Subjects: ELECTRICAL THRUST CONTROL
CRYOGENIC VALVE
LOX/METHANE
ROCKET ENGINE

description: This study reports on the development status and test results of electrically actuated cryogenic propellant valves in LOX/Methane engine firing test. These electrically actuated valves allow for engine throttling during operation. During the LOX/Methane engine firing tests, the response characteristics of valve performance to engine combustion behavior were properly confirmed using actual propellant. The stable operation of the electrically actuated valve under required high pressure conditions at cryogenic temperatures was demonstrated and the expected results were obtained.
Revisiting mandibular symphyseal shape in juvenile early hominins and modern humans using a deformation-based approach
Creators: name: A. Zimmer, Veronika
name: Oettlé, Anna
name: Hoffmann, Jakobus
name: Francis Thackeray, John
name: Zipfel, Bernhard
name: Braga, José
Publisher: name: Brill Online
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 310399
subject: Ecology not elsewhere classified

description: The juvenile mandible is important in the investigation of ontogenetic and evolutionary changes among early hominins. We revisit the mandibular symphysis in juvenile specimens of Australopithecus africanus and Paranthropus robustus with two main contributions. First, we employ, for the first time, methods of computational anatomy to model complex symphyseal shape differences. Second, we present new fossil evidence from Kromdraai to improve our knowledge of symphyseal morphology. We describe differences between shapes by landmark-free diffeomorphism needed to align them. We assess which features of the mandibular symphysis best discriminate the juvenile symphysis in these fossil species, relative to the intraspecific variation observed among modern humans. Our approach eliminates potential methodological inconsistencies with traditional approaches (i.e., the need for homologous anatomical landmarks, assumption of linearity). By enabling detailed comparisons of complex shapes in juvenile mandibles, our proposed approach offers new perspectives for more detailed comparisons among Australopithecus, Paranthropus and early Homo.
Dissecting the Gaseous Halos of z~2 Damped Ly$α$ Systems with Close Quasar Pairs
Creators: name: Rubin, Kate H. R.
name: Hennawi, Joseph F.
name: Prochaska, J. Xavier
name: Simcoe, Robert A.
name: Myers, Adam
name: Lau, Marie Wingyee
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use spectroscopy of close pairs of quasars to study diffuse gas in the circumgalactic medium (CGM) surrounding a sample of 40 Damped Lya systems (DLAs). The primary sightline in each quasar pair probes an intervening DLA in the redshift range 1.6 < z_DLA < 3.6, such that the second quasar sightline then probes Lya, CII, SiII, and CIV absorption in the CGM transverse to the DLA to projected distances $R_{\perp} < 300$ kpc. Analysis of the Lya profiles in these CGM sightlines constrains the covering fraction (f_C) of optically thick HI (having column density N_HI > 10^17.2 cm^-2) to be greater than ~30% within $R_{\perp} < 200$ kpc of DLAs. Strong SiII 1526 absorption with equivalent width W_1526 > 0.2 Ang occurs with an incidence f_C (W_1526 > 0.2 Ang) = 20(+12/-8)% within $R_{\perp}<100$ kpc, indicating that low-ionization metal absorption associated with DLAs probes material at a physical distance R_3D < 30 kpc. However, we find that strong CIV 1548 absorption is ubiquitous in these environments (f_C (W_1548 > 0.2 Ang) = 57(+12/-13)% within $R_{\perp} < 100$ kpc), and in addition exhibits a high degree of kinematic coherence on scales up to ~175 kpc. We infer that this high-ionization material arises predominantly in large, quiescent structures extending beyond the scale of the DLA host dark matter halos rather than in ongoing galactic winds. The Lya equivalent width in the DLA-CGM is anticorrelated with $R_{\perp}$ at >98% confidence, suggesting that DLAs arise close to the centers of their host halos rather than on their outskirts. Finally, the average Lya, CII and CIV equivalent widths are consistent with those measured around z~2 Lyman Break Galaxies. Assuming that DLAs trace a galaxy population with lower masses and luminosities, this finding implies that the absorption strength of cool circumgalactic material has a weak dependence on dark matter halo mass for M_h < 10^12 M_sun.
description: Submitted to ApJ. 30 pages, 13 figures, 3 tables, 1 appendix. Uses emulateapj format
Investigating the variability of Swift-BAT blazars with NICER
Creators: name: Mundo, Sergio A.
name: Mushotzky, Richard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present results of X-ray spectral and time-domain variability analyses of 4 faint, "quiescent" blazars from the Swift-BAT 105-month catalog. We use observations from a recent, 5-month long NICER campaign, as well as archival BAT data. Variations in the 0.3-2 keV flux are detected on minute, $\sim$weekly, and monthly timescales, but we find that the fractional variability $F_{\rm var}$ on these timescales is $<25\%$ and decreases on longer timescales, implying generally low-amplitude variability across all sources and showing very low variability on monthly timescales ($F_{\rm var}\lesssim13\%$), which is at odds with previous studies that show that blazars are highly variable in the X-rays on a wide range of timescales. Moreover, we find that the flux variability on very short timescales appears to be characterized by long periods of relative quiescence accompanied by occasional short bursts, against the relatively time-stationary nature of the variability of most other AGN light curves. Our analysis also shows that the broadband X-ray spectra (0.3-195 keV) of our sources can be described with different power law models. As is the case with most blazars, we find that 2 sources (2MASS J09343014-1721215 and PKS 0312-770) are well-modeled with a simple power law, while the remaining two (1RXS J225146.9-320614 and PKS 2126-15) exhibit curvature in the form of a log-parabolic power law. We also find that, in addition to the continuum, PKS 2126-15 requires significant absorption at the soft X-rays ($\lesssim$1 keV) to fully describe the observed curvature, possibly due to absorption from the intergalactic medium.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS. 11 pages, 7 figures
Measurement of the GaAs/AlAs valence-band offset from a single quantum well near the Γ-X crossover
Creators: name: Yeh, C.N.
name: Daniels-Race, T.
name: Blue, L.J.
name: McNeil, L.E.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1995

description: An iterative procedure which utilizes the type-I and type-II transitions of a GaAs/AlAs single quantum well is used to determine the GaAs/AlAs valence-band offset. The iteration is based on the fact that the confinement energy is not sensitive to the change of the barrier potential. It has the advantage that knowledge of the thickness of the quantum well is not necessary to determine the valence-band offset. Both the type-I and type-II transitions can be observed in the low-temperature photoluminescence spectrum if the GaAs is thin enough so that the lowest-energy level of the electron in the GaAs well is higher than the X-conduction-band minimum of the adjacent AlAs. We illustrate this procedure with a 35 Å GaAs/AlAs single quantum well, and the valence-band offset is found to be 36% of the Γ-gap difference.
A Continuum of Planet Formation Between 1 and 4 Earth Radii
Creators: name: Schlaufman, Kevin C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It has long been known that stars with high metallicity are more likely to host giant planets than stars with low metallicity. Yet the connection between host star metallicity and the properties of small planets is only just beginning to be investigated. It has recently been argued that the metallicity distribution of stars with exoplanet candidates identified by Kepler provides evidence for three distinct clusters of exoplanets, distinguished by planet radius boundaries at 1.7 R_Earth and 3.9 R_Earth. This would suggest that there are three distinct planet formation pathways for super-Earths, mini-Neptunes, and giant planets. However, as I show through three independent analyses, there is actually no evidence for the proposed radius boundary at 1.7 R_Earth. On the other hand, a more rigorous calculation demonstrates that a single, continuous relationship between planet radius and metallicity is a better fit to the data. The planet radius and metallicity data therefore provides no evidence for distinct categories of small planets. This suggests that the planet formation process in a typical protoplanetary disk produces a continuum of planet sizes between 1 R_Earth and 4 R_Earth. As a result, the currently available planet radius and metallicity data for solar-metallicity F and G stars give no reason to expect that the amount of solid material in a protoplanetary disk determines whether super-Earths or mini-Neptunes are formed.
description: 8 pages and 4 figures in emulateapj format; accepted for publication in ApJL