cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Additional file 3 of PREMATURE SENESCENCE LEAF 50 Promotes Heat Stress Tolerance in Rice (Oryza sativa L.)
Creators: name: He, Yan
name: Zhang, Xiaobo
name: Shi, Yongfeng
name: Xu, Xia
name: Li, Liangjian
name: Wu, Jian-Li
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 3. Materials and Methods (Ma et al. 2015; Yu et al. 2020).
title: Queering ?Common Sense?: Using Critical Discourse Analysis of LGBTQ Book Bans in Florida Public Schools to Unmask Heteronormativity
Creators: name: Zito, Talia
name: Morse, Nicole
Publisher: name: University of Nebraska
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: LGBTQ
subject: Queer Theory
subject: HB 1557
subject: Children?s Literature
subject: Banned Books
subject: LGBTQ Activism
subject: Florida
subject: Censorship
subject: Picture Books
subject: Book Bans

description: Historically, censorship of LGBTQ+ content in education has been rooted in socio-political efforts to marginalize non-heteronormative identities. However, even those who oppose censorship tend to frame their arguments around concepts like ?age-appropriateness? and ?protecting children.? Our Critical Discourse Analysis examines formal challenges to And Tango Makes Three in one Florida school district in 2022 to show how these concepts are deployed on both sides of the debate. The book, depicting a same-sex penguin couple raising a chick, faced objections under Florida?s HB 1557, a law designed to restrict discussions of sexual orientation and gender identity in schools. Ultimately, the picture book was removed from the shelves despite proponents advocating for its educational value. Our analysis examines how both opponents and proponents of LGBTQ+ children?s literature rely on ?common sense? discourse and arguments about ?age appropriateness? to support their claims. We argue that such discursive moves, while seemingly neutral, perpetuate discriminatory ideologies and reinforce normative power structures. Given that both sides? appeals to common sense and age-appropriatness fail to challenge and often reinforce exclusionary beliefs, we argue that advocates should look beyond common sense and instead draw on queer theory as a resource in these struggles against censorship. Effective advocacy must confront how heteronormative assumptions are embedded in educational policies and practices. Queer theory offers a powerful framework to reimagine advocacy strategies, challenging the notion of political neutrality by exposing how what appears to be unbiased or ?common sense? is often deeply embedded in normative assumptions and power dynamics. By reframing the discourse, advocates can challenge and dismantle the underlying heteronormative ideologies. Embracing queer theoretical insights can lead to a more inclusive and equitable environment, where LGBTQ+ literature is celebrated for its role in promoting diversity, challenging normative constructs, and reimagining educational environments and social worlds.
Dynamical symmetry enlargement in metallic zigzag carbon nanotubes
Creators: name: Bunder, J. E.
name: Lin, Hsiu-Hau
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We revisit correlation effects in doped metallic zigzag carbon nanotubes by using both the one-loop renormalization group and non-perturbative bosonization techniques. Note that, if a nanotube is placed near a conducting plate, the long-range Coulomb interactions are screened and the resulting short-range interactions can be modelled by on-site and nearest-neighbor repulsive interactions $U$, $V$ and $V_{\perp}$ respectively. Using both analytic and numeric means, we determine the phase diagram of the ground states. For $U/t<0.5$ ($t$ is the hopping strength), dynamical symmetry enlargement occurs and the low-energy excitations are described by the SO(6) Gross-Neveu model. However, for realistic material parameters $U/t \sim \mathcal{O}(1)$, the charge sector decouples but there remains an enlarged SO(4) symmetry in the spin sector.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures
Quasi-one-dimensional $^4$He in nanopores
Creators: name: Nava, Andrea
name: Giuliano, Domenico
name: Nguyen, Phong H.
name: Boninsegni, Massimo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Low temperature structural and superfluid properties of $^4$He confined in cylindrical nanopores are theoretically investigated by means of first principle Quantum Monte Carlo (QMC) simulations. We vary the density of $^4$He inside the pore, as well as the pore diameter and the potential describing the interaction of each $^4$He atom with the pore surface. Accordingly, the $^4$He fluid inside the pore forms either a single channel along the axis, or a series of concentric cylindrical shells, with varying degrees of shell overlap. In the limit of pore length greatly exceeding its radius, the $^4$He fluid always displays markedly one-dimensional behavior, with no "dimensional crossover" above some specific pore radius and/or as multiple concentric shells form, in contrast to what recently claimed by other authors [Phys. Rev. B 101, 104505 (2020)]. Indeed, the predicted robustness of one-dimensional physics suggests that this system may offer a broadly viable pathway to the experimental observation of exotic behavior of, e.g., junctions of interacting Tomonaga-Luttinger liquids, in an appropriately designed network of nanopores.
description: 9 pages, 8 figures
Table 8 Test statistics distance differences from Waiting and walking with strangers: a socio-psychological pedestrian experiment on joint action in anonymous situations
Creators: name: Konya, Krisztina
name: Sieben, Anna
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 179999 Psychology and Cognitive Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: Supplemetary material, Table 8
Additional file 1 of Localized delivery of therapeutics impact laryngeal mechanics, local inflammatory response, and respiratory microbiome following upper airway intubation injury in swine
Creators: name: Gonzales, Gabriela
name: Malka, Ronit
name: Marinelli, Lisa M.
name: Lee, Christine M.
name: Cook, Stacy
name: Miar, Solaleh
name: Dion, Gregory R.
name: Guda, Teja
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Ecology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Supplementary Material 1.
Certainty about Communicating Uncertainty: Assessment of Flood Loss and Damage
Creators: name: Fakhruddin, Bapon
name: Handmer, John
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Uncertainty, Flood Loss, Damage Assessment

description: Uncertainty in flood loss and damage assessment is inevitable due to the flaws in data accuracy and reflecting the simplification of a complex system that is inherent to any assessment. Understanding the level of uncertainty in flood loss and damage assessment would help decision makers to understand the overall loss in future events, improve planning and allocation of their resources to protect from and respond to a flood event.

 Statistical information on uncertainty may be difficult to interpret and hence it may not be used when making decisions related with flood risk management at many levels, including by insurance companies and farmers (Poortvliet et al., 2019). If uncertainties are known and communicated properly, flood loss and damage assessment would improve effectiveness and efficacy of decision making, and in turn reduce the actual flood loss and damage.

 A common framework and standardized techniques for communicating uncertainty to decision makers are not readily available. This research has developed a framework for communicating uncertainty for flood loss and damage assessment to the end users based on the floods in Thailand.
description: https://www.nzaia.org.nz/fakhruddinandhandmer.html
Recent formation and likely cometary activity of near-Earth asteroid pair 2019 PR2 -- 2019 QR6
Creators: name: Fatka, Petr
name: Moskovitz, Nicholas A.
name: Pravec, Petr
name: Micheli, Marco
name: Devogèle, Maxime
name: Gustafsson, Annika
name: Kueny, Jay
name: Skiff, Brian
name: Kušnirák, Peter
name: Christensen, Eric
name: Ries, Judit
name: Brucker, Melissa
name: McMillan, Robert
name: Larsen, Jeffrey
name: Mastaler, Ron
name: Bressi, Terry
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Asteroid pairs are genetically related asteroids that recently separated ($
Theory of localization and resonance phenomena in the quantum kicked rotor
Creators: name: Tian, C.
name: Altland, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an analytic theory of quantum interference and Anderson localization in the quantum kicked rotor (QKR). The behavior of the system is known to depend sensitively on the value of its effective Planck's constant $\he$. We here show that for rational values of $\he/(4π)=p/q$, it bears similarity to a disordered metallic ring of circumference $q$ and threaded by an Aharonov-Bohm flux. Building on that correspondence, we obtain quantitative results for the time--dependent behavior of the QKR kinetic energy, $E(\tilde t)$ (this is an observable which sensitively probes the system's localization properties). For values of $q$ smaller than the localization length $ξ$, we obtain scaling $E(\tilde t) \sim Δ\tilde t^2$, where $Δ=2π/q$ is the quasi--energy level spacing on the ring. This scaling is indicative of a long time dynamics that is neither localized nor diffusive. For larger values $q\gg ξ$, the functions $E(\tilde t)\to ξ^2$ saturates (up to exponentially small corrections $\sim\exp(-q/ξ)$), thus reflecting essentially localized behavior.
description: 27 pages, 3 figures
Additional file 1 of Unveiling correlations between aristolochic acids and liver cancer: spatiotemporal heterogeneity phenomenon
Creators: name: Li, Chengxian
name: Li, Xinyu
name: Niu, Ming
name: Xiao, Dake
name: Luo, Ye
name: Wang, Yinkang
name: Fang, Zhi-E.
name: Zhan, Xiaoyan
name: Zhao, Xu
name: Fang, Mingxia
name: Wang, Jiabo
name: Xiao, Xiaohe
name: Bai, Zhaofang
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer

description: Supplementary material 1
Spin Symmetry for Anti-Lambda Spectrum in atomic nucleus
Creators: name: Song, Chunyan
name: Yao, Jiangming
name: Meng, Jie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The spin symmetry of anti-Lambda spectrum in nucleus $^{16}$O has been studied in the relativistic mean field theory. The spin-orbit splittings of spin doublets are found to be around 0.03-0.07 MeV and the dominant components of the Dirac spinor for the anti-Lambda spin doublets are found to be near identical. It indicates that there is an even better spin symmetry in the anti-Lambda spectrum than that in the anti-nucleon spectrum.
description: 7 pages with 3 figures, accepted by Chin. Phys. Lett
title: Ethical Challenges in Intercultural Citizenship Education with ?Difficult Topics? in the World Language Classroom and Beyond
Creators: name: Porto, Melina
name: Golubeva, Irina
name: Byram, Michael
Publisher: name: MDPI
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: difficult topics
subject: ethics
subject: COVID-19
subject: teacher roles
subject: intercultural citizenship

description: The purpose of this article is to examine the ethical challenges that arise in the world language classroom and beyond from using intercultural citizenship pedagogy. Intercultural citizenship is, in general, seen as a recent and positive development in intercultural language education for helping students engage with topics of social significance in the classroom. However, there are ethical challenges involved, for instance, related to the political or sensitive nature of such topics. We define and illustrate some of these ethical concerns and their implications for education by drawing on an intercultural citizenship project about COVID-19 carried out in two higher education contexts in 2020. The analysis of this example shows that these ethical concerns are unavoidable but can be minimised with an action research perspective and a combination of pedagogies of intercultural citizenship, discomfort, and the arts. We conclude with a discussion of the transferability of the example and its consequences for any language and intercultural communication teaching which deals with controversial and sensitive matters.
A slowly accreting ~10 Myr old transitional disk in Orion OB1a
Creators: name: Espaillat, C.
name: Muzerolle, J.
name: Hernandez, J.
name: Briceno, C.
name: Calvet, N.
name: D'Alessio, P.
name: McClure, M.
name: Watson, D. M.
name: Hartmann, L.
name: Sargent, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Here we present the Spitzer IRS spectrum of CVSO 224, the sole transitional disk located within the ~10 Myr old 25 Orionis group in Orion OB1a. A model fit to the spectral energy distribution of this object indicates a ~7 AU inner disk hole that contains a small amount of optically thin dust. In previous studies, CVSO 224 had been classified as a weak-line T Tauri star based on its Halpha equivalent width, but here we find an accretion rate of 7x10^-11 Msun/yr based on high-resolution Hectochelle data. CVSO 224's low mass accretion rate is in line with photoevaporative clearing theories. However, the Spitzer IRS spectrum of CVSO 224 has a substantial mid-infrared excess beyond 20microns which indicates that it is surrounded by a massive outer disk. Millimeter measurements are necessary to constrain the mass of the outer disk around CVSO 224 in order to confirm that photoevaporation is not the mechanism behind creating its inner disk hole.
description: 4 pages, accepted to ApJL
Multilingual training for Software Engineering
Creators: name: Ahmed, Toufique
name: Devanbu, Premkumar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Well-trained machine-learning models, which leverage large amounts of open-source software data, have now become an interesting approach to automating many software engineering tasks. Several SE tasks have all been subject to this approach, with performance gradually improving over the past several years with better models and training methods. More, and more diverse, clean, labeled data is better for training; but constructing good-quality datasets is time-consuming and challenging. Ways of augmenting the volume and diversity of clean, labeled data generally have wide applicability. For some languages (e.g., Ruby) labeled data is less abundant; in others (e.g., JavaScript) the available data maybe more focused on some application domains, and thus less diverse. As a way around such data bottlenecks, we present evidence suggesting that human-written code in different languages (which performs the same function), is rather similar, and particularly preserving of identifier naming patterns; we further present evidence suggesting that identifiers are a very important element of training data for software engineering tasks. We leverage this rather fortuitous phenomenon to find evidence that available multilingual training data (across different languages) can be used to amplify performance. We study this for 3 different tasks: code summarization, code retrieval, and function naming. We note that this data-augmenting approach is broadly compatible with different tasks, languages, and machine-learning models.
description: Accepted at International Conference on Software Engineering (ICSE-2022)
BCS theory of superconductivity: the world's largest Madoff scheme?
Creators: name: Hirsch, J. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The time-tested BCS theory of superconductivity is generally accepted to be the correct theory of conventional superconductivity by physicists and, by extension, by the world at large. In a different realm of human activity, until very recently Bernard Madoff's time-tested investment operation was generally accepted as true and legitimate in the financial world. Madoff's Ponzi scheme, where old investors were being paid off by funds contributed by new investors, was fundamentally flawed, yet was able to thrive for decades because of many vested interests. `Red flags' suggesting its illegitimacy were ignored. Here I suggest that the same is true of BCS theory. There are an increasing number of `red flags' that strongly suggest the possibility that BCS theory may be fundamentally flawed. For example, an ever-growing number of superconductors are being classified as `unconventional', not described by the conventional BCS theory and each requiring a different physical mechanism. In addition, I argue that BCS theory is unable to explain the Meissner effect, $the$ most fundamental property of superconductors. There are several other phenomena in superconductors for which BCS theory provides no explanation, and BCS theory has proven unable to predict any new superconducting compounds. From one day to the next, Madoff's edifice came crashing down and a staggering 50 billion dollars evaporated, and I suggest that this may also be the fate of BCS theory. I outline an alternative theory to conventional BCS theory proposed to apply to all superconductors, `conventional' as well as `unconventional', that offers an explanation for the Meissner effect as well as for other puzzles and provides clear guidelines in the search for new high temperature superconductors.
Engineering artificial graphene in a two-dimensional electron gas
Creators: name: Gibertini, M.
name: Singha, A.
name: Pellegrini, V.
name: Polini, M.
name: Vignale, G.
name: Pinczuk, A.
name: Pfeiffer, L. N.
name: West, K. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: At low energy, electrons in doped graphene sheets behave like massless Dirac fermions with a Fermi velocity which does not depend on carrier density. Here we show that modulating a two-dimensional electron gas with a long-wavelength periodic potential with honeycomb symmetry can lead to the creation of isolated massless Dirac points with tunable Fermi velocity. We provide detailed theoretical estimates to realize such artificial graphene-like system and discuss an experimental realization in a modulation-doped GaAs quantum well. Ultra high-mobility electrons with linearly-dispersing bands might open new venues for the studies of Dirac-fermion physics in semiconductors.
description: 4 + epsilon pages, 3 figures, submitted to PRB
Peasant classes in sub-Saharan Africa : an interpretation
Creators: name: Meade, Michael Edward
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: This thesis presents an interpretation of the controversial question of peasant class formation in sub-Saharan Africa. While the long dominance of the functional school of anthropology has resulted in a virtual monopoly of interpretation in studies of African social stratification in favour of tribalism and ethnicity, this thesis suggests, through an attempt to apply in overview the influential definitions of peasants advanced by Kroeber, Redfield and Wolf, that in the age of colonialism and neo-colonialism sub-Saharan African societies may be meaningfully analyzed in terms of the existence of a non-homogeneous peasant class generically similar to that found in pre-industrial Europe, Latin America and Asia. Briefly summarized, the argument and interpretation presented here is, first, that Redfield's definition of peasants which stresses a societal distinction between a cultural "Great Tradition" and a peasant "Little Tradition" applies to sub-Saharan Africa insofar as colonialism and the subsequent post-colonial developments have created a new African bourgeoisie which is differentiated from the peasantry on the basis of such objective criteria as income, education, conspicuous consumption and the assimilation of "Western" cultural norms. Far from withering away with the demise of colonialism in Africa, the process of decolonization and Africanization has greatly strengthened this new class, which may be best described as a state bourgeoisie, internally differentiated into political, military and bureaucratic class categories. Second, Wolf's definition of peasants, which emphasizes the criteria of sociopolitical oppression and economic exploitation resulting in the production of a fund of "rent" through the extraction of peasant labour-power by a group of dominant rulers, has also been found to apply to colonial and post-colonial Africa. Examined under the heading of three class fractions of this non-homogeneous class, a typology based in part on Barnett's model of three types of African peasantries, it is argued that the economic surpluses of African cultivators have indeed been extracted by a group of dominant national and international rulers in the form of peasant labour-power, often forcibly supplied at a price below the cost of its social and biological production. As this thesis attempts to show, the participation of the marginal-subsistence, labour-exporting and cash-cropping fractions of the African peasantry has been a key variable in the process of capital accumulation for all those exercising in Wolf's terms "asymmetrical power relations" over this class: colonial governments, metropolitan firms operating in Africa, white settler communities engaged in mining and capitalist agriculture and, later, the post-colonial African state bourgeoisie.
The primordial abundance of 4He: evidence for non-standard big bang nucleosynthesis
Creators: name: Izotov, Y. I.
name: Thuan, T. X.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a new determination of the primordial helium mass fraction Yp, based on 93 spectra of 86 low-metallicity extragalactic HII regions, and taking into account the latest developments concerning systematic effects. These include collisional and fluorescent enhancements of HeI recombination lines, underlying HeI stellar absorption lines, collisional and fluorescent excitation of hydrogen lines and temperature and ionization structure of the HII region. Using Monte Carlo methods to solve simultaneously for the above systematic effects, we find the best value to be Yp=0.2565+/-0.0010(stat.)+/-0.0050(syst.). This value is higher at the 2sigma level than the value given by Standard Big Bang Nucleosynthesis (SBBN), implying deviations from it. The effective number of light neutrino species Nnu is equal to 3.68^+0.80_-0.70 (2sigma) and 3.80^+0.80_-0.70 (2sigma) for a neutron lifetime tau(n) equal to 885.4+/-0.9 s and 878.5+/-0.8 s, respectively, i.e. it is larger than the experimental value of 2.993+/-0.011.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures
The implications of TeV detected GRB afterglows for acceleration at relativistic shocks
Creators: name: Huang, Zhi-Qiu
name: Kirk, John
name: Giacinti, Gwenael
name: Reville, Brian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Motivated by the detection of very high energy gamma-rays deep in the afterglow emission of a gamma-ray burst, we revisit predictions of the maximum energy to which electrons can be accelerated at a relativistic blast wave. Acceleration at the weakly-magnetized forward shock of a blast-wave can be limited either by the rapid damping of turbulence generated behind the shock, by the effect of a large-scale ambient magnetic field, or by radiation losses. Within the confines of a standard, single zone, synchrotron-self-Compton (SSC) model, we show that observations of GRB190829A rule out a rapid damping of the downstream turbulence. Furthermore, simultaneous fits to the X-ray and TeV gamma-ray emission of this object are not possible unless the limit on acceleration imposed by the ambient magnetic field is comparable or weaker than that imposed by radiation losses. This requires the dominant length scale of the turbulence behind the shock to be larger than that implied by particle-in-cell simulations. However, even then, Klein-Nishina effects prevent production of the hard VHE gamma-ray spectrum suggested by observations. Thus, TeV observations of GRB afterglows, though still very sparse, are already in tension with the SSC emission scenario.
МОДЕЛИ РУССКОЙ ЛИНГВИСТИКИ
Creators: name: Ибрагимова, Феруза
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: В этой статье представлены языковые модели, которые приобретают все большее значение в русской лингвистике, помогая решать такие задачи, как генерация текста, перевод, анализ настроений и многое другое. Целью является увеличение использования этих моделей для анализа лингвистических структур, понимания семантики и улучшения задач обработки естественного языка, специфичных для русского языка.
Quintessential inflation: A tale of emergent and broken symmetries
Creators: name: Bettoni, Dario
name: Rubio, Javier
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quintessential inflation provides a unified description of inflation and dark energy in terms of a single scalar degree of freedom, the cosmon. We present here a comprehensive overview of this appealing paradigm, highlighting its key ingredients and keeping a reasonable and homogeneous level of details. After summarizing the cosmological evolution in a simple canonical case, we discuss how quintessential inflation can be embedded in a more general scalar-tensor formulation and its relation to variable gravity scenarios. Particular emphasis is placed on the role played by symmetries. In particular, we discuss the evolution of the cosmon field in terms of ultraviolet and infrared fixed points potentially appearing in quantum gravity formulations and leading to the emergence of scale invariance in the early and late Universe. The second part of the review is devoted to the exploration of the phenomenological consequences of the paradigm. First, we discuss how direct couplings of the cosmon field to matter may affect neutrinos masses and primordial structure formation. Second, we describe how Ricci-mediated couplings to spectator fields can trigger the spontaneous symmetry breaking of internal symmetries such as, but not limited to, global U(1) or $Z_2$ symmetries, and affect a large variety of physical processes in the early Universe.
description: 51 pages, including references and appendixes; 9 figures. Some clarifying comments and references added. Matches the published version
Table 6 Test statistics significant questionnaire items from Waiting and walking with strangers: a socio-psychological pedestrian experiment on joint action in anonymous situations
Creators: name: Konya, Krisztina
name: Sieben, Anna
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 179999 Psychology and Cognitive Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: Supplemetary material, Table 6
Studio dei meccanismi molecolari coinvolti nel determinismo sintomatologico di piante infette da virus e virus-satelliti
Creators: name: Contaldo, Nicoletta <1978>
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2008
Subjects: AGR/12 Patologia vegetale

description: The aim of our work was to study the molecular
mechanisms involved in symptoms appearance of plants
inoculated either with a virus or with a virus-satellite
complex.
In the first case, we tried to set up a reliable method for an
early identification of PVYNTN strains present in Italy and
causing potato tuber necrosis. This, to prevent their spread
in the field and to avoid severe yield losses, especially in
seed potato production. We tried to localize the particular
genomic region responsible for tuber necrosis. To this
purpose, we carried out RT-PCR experiments using various
primer combinations, covering PVY genomic regions larger
than those previously used by other authors. As the previous
researchers, though, we were not able to differentiate all
NTN from others PVY strains. This probably because of the
frequent virus variability, due to both genomic mutations
and possible recombination events among different strains.
In the second case, we studied the influence of Y-sat
(CaRNA5 satellite) on symptoms of CMV (Cucumber
mosaic virus) in Nicotiana benthamiana plants: strong
yellowing appearance instead of simple mosaic.
Wang et al (2004), inoculating the same infectious complex
on tobacco plants transformed with a viral suppressor of
plant silencing (HC-PRO), did not experience the
occurrence of yellowing anymore and, therefore,
hypotesized that changes in symptoms were due to plant
post transcriptional gene silencing (PTGS) mechanism. In
our case, inoculation of N. benthamiana plants transformed
with another PTGS viral suppressor (p19), and other plants
defective for RNA polymerase 6 (involved in systemic
silencing), still resulted in yellowing appearance. This, to
our opinion, suggests that in our system another possible
mechanism is involved.
Structure of pipe wall turbulence in Newtonian and drag-reducing flow : a hologram-interferometric study
Creators: name: Achia, B. Umesh
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: The effect of a drag-reducing long-chain polymeric additive on the structure of wall turbulence in pipe flow was investigated experimentally. The system studied was a 50 wppm polyacrylamide-water in a 2.63 cm diameter pipe. Due to the anomalous behaviour of conventional turbulence probes in drag-reducing flows, a nondisturbing optical technique was developed. Real-time holographic interferometry was used for flow visualization and turbulence measurements. An interference fringe pattern generated by the holographic method was superimposed on a region of the pipe wall. The real-time modulation of these fringes by a refractive index enhancer infused into the flow at the wall was recorded by medium-speed motion photography. Spatial and temporal correlations of concentration fluctuations and intensity measurements during turbulent flow were obtained from motion pictures. Both spanwise and normal directions to the wall were observed to investigate 'streaks' and 'bursts' that originate in the wall-layer flow. Measurements of gross flow, spanwise streak spacing, burst frequency and sublayer period were obtained in addition to visual impressions of the flow. The drag-reducing Separan AP30 solution flows appeared physically different from the water flows when comparison was made at either equal flow rate or equal wall shear velocity. Measurements showed that the drag-reducing additive increased both the physical and non-dimensional spanwise streak spacing. The additive also drastically reduced the rate of bursting. The time interval between bursts, computed using the model of Kim-Kline-Reynolds, was almost equal in both drag-reducing and water flows when compared at equal wall shear. Direct measurements of streak lifetime using wall layer concentration autocorrelations showed the drag-reducing sublayer to have a longer lifetime than that of water at the same wall shear. The drag-reducing sublayer period increased over the Newtonian value by a factor almost equal to the ratio of the non-dimensional streak spacing during drag reduction to the corresponding wall shear Newtonian value. These results suggest a stabilized wall layer in the polymeric solution flow as compared to that of the Newtonian solvent, resulting in lesser turbulence production and reduced frictional drag. The role of elongational viscosity of the dilute polymer solution is discussed as a possible mechanism to explain the visualized and measured phenomena.
Additional file 1 of Understanding the interplay between organisational injustice and the health and wellbeing of female police officers: a meta-ethnography
Creators: name: Illias, Mahnoz
name: Riach, Kathleen
name: Demou, Evangelia
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology

description: Supplementary Material 1.
New Constructions for Query-Efficient Locally Decodable Codes of Subexponential Length
Creators: name: Itoh, Toshiya
name: Suzuki, Yasuhiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Computational Complexity (cs.CC)
subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: F.1.2; F.2.2; G.2.1

description: A $(k,δ,ε)$-locally decodable code $C: F_{q}^{n} \to F_{q}^{N}$ is an error-correcting code that encodes each message $\vec{x}=(x_{1},x_{2},...,x_{n}) \in F_{q}^{n}$ to $C(\vec{x}) \in F_{q}^{N}$ and has the following property: For any $\vec{y} \in {\bf F}_{q}^{N}$ such that $d(\vec{y},C(\vec{x})) \leq δN$ and each $1 \leq i \leq n$, the symbol $x_{i}$ of $\vec{x}$ can be recovered with probability at least $1-ε$ by a randomized decoding algorithm looking only at $k$ coordinates of $\vec{y}$. The efficiency of a $(k,δ,ε)$-locally decodable code $C: F_{q}^{n} \to F_{q}^{N}$ is measured by the code length $N$ and the number $k$ of queries. For any $k$-query locally decodable code $C: F_{q}^{n} \to F_{q}^{N}$, the code length $N$ is conjectured to be exponential of $n$, however, this was disproved. Yekhanin [In Proc. of STOC, 2007] showed that there exists a 3-query locally decodable code $C: F_{2}^{n} \to F_{2}^{N}$ such that $N=\exp(n^{(1/\log \log n)})$ assuming that the number of Mersenne primes is infinite. For a 3-query locally decodable code $C: F_{q}^{n} \to F_{q}^{N}$, Efremenko [ECCC Report No.69, 2008] reduced the code length further to $N=\exp(n^{O((\log \log n/ \log n)^{1/2})})$, and also showed that for any integer $r>1$, there exists a $k$-query locally decodable code $C: F_{q}^{n} \to F_{q}^{N}$ such that $k \leq 2^{r}$ and $N=\exp(n^{O((\log \log n/ \log n)^{1-1/r})})$. In this paper, we present a query-efficient locally decodable code and show that for any integer $r>1$, there exists a $k$-query locally decodable code $C: F_{q}^{n} \to F_{q}^{N}$ such that $k \leq 3 \cdot 2^{r-2}$ and $N=\exp(n^{O((\log \log n/ \log n)^{1-1/r})})$.
description: 13 pages, 1 figure, 2 tables
title: Cirugía bimaxilar en pacientes con Síndrome de Apnea Obstructiva del Sueño (SAOS): modificaciones anatómicas en TC
Creators: name: Mendiola Arza, Josu
Publisher: name: Sociedad Española de Radiología Médica
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Surgery
subject: Computer Applications-Detection, diagnosis
subject: CT
subject: Respiratory system
subject: Ear / Nose / Throat
subject: Head and neck

description: Objetivo docente
Revisión del tema
Conclusiones
Bibliografía
description: Objetivo docente:
-Determinar mediante TC los hallazgos que nos sugieren el diagnóstico de Síndrome de Apnea Obstructiva del Sueño (SAOS) -Determinar asimismo las modificaciones anatómicas que se ejercen sobre las diferentes estructuras cervicofaciales tras la...
Causal Structures of Dynamic Black Holes
Creators: name: Brown, Beth A.
name: Lindesay, James
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Dynamic space-times, especially those manifesting horizons, provide useful laboratories for examining how macroscopic quantum behaviors consistently co-generate gravitational phenomena. For this reason, the behaviors and large-scale causal structures of spatially coherent dynamic black holes will be explored in this presentation. Geodesic motions on an evaporating black hole will also be presented. Research recently completed with Beth Brown, including her final Penrose diagram for an accreting black hole, will be presented.
description: Invited talk presented at the 2009 Joint Annual Conference of the National Society of Black Physicists and the National Society of Hispanic Physicists, Feb. 10-14, Nashville, Tennessee
title: Unifying radiative transfer models in computer graphics and remote sensing, Part II: A differentiable, polarimetric forward model and validation
Creators: name: Salesin, Katherine
name: Knobelspiesse, Kirk D.
name: Chowdhary, Jacek
name: Zhai, Peng-Wang
name: Jarosz, Wojciech
Publisher: name: Elsevier
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Remote sensing
subject: Radiative transfer
subject: Atmospheric and ocean optics
subject: Monte Carlo
subject: Computer graphics
subject: Polarization

description: The constellation of Earth-observing satellites continuously collects measurements of scattered radiance, which must be transformed into geophysical parameters in order to answer fundamental scientific questions about the Earth. Retrieval of these parameters requires highly flexible, accurate, and fast forward and inverse radiative transfer models. Existing forward models used by the remote sensing community are typically accurate and fast, but sacrifice flexibility by assuming the atmosphere or ocean is composed of plane-parallel layers. Monte Carlo forward models can handle more complex scenarios such as 3D spatial heterogeneity, but are relatively slower. We propose looking to the computer graphics community for inspiration to improve the statistical efficiency of Monte Carlo forward models and explore new approaches to inverse models for remote sensing. In Part 2 of this work, we demonstrate that Monte Carlo forward models in computer graphics are capable of sufficient accuracy for remote sensing by extending Mitsuba 3, a forward and inverse modeling framework recently developed in the computer graphics community, to simulate simple atmosphere-ocean systems and show that our framework is capable of achieving error on par with codes currently used by the remote sensing community on benchmark results.
Large-N reduced models of supersymmetric quiver, Chern-Simons gauge theories and ABJM
Creators: name: Hanada, Masanori
name: Mannelli, Lorenzo
name: Matsuo, Yoshinori
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using the Eguchi-Kawai equivalence, we provide regularizations of supersymmetric quiver and Chern-Simons gauge theories which leave the supersymmetries unbroken. This allow us to study many interesting theories on a computer. As examples we construct large-$N$ reduced models of supersymmetric QCD with flavor and the ABJM model of multiple M2 branes.
description: 21 pages, 2 figures, references added
Pathophysiological Links Between Obesity and Dementia
Creators: name: Wong Zhang, David
name: Tran, Vivian
name: Vinh, Antony
name: Dinh, Quynh Nhu
name: Drummond, Grant
name: Sobey, Christopher
name: Jelinic, Maria
name: De Silva, Michael
Publisher: name: La Trobe
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 32
subject: Biomedical and clinical sciences
classificationCode: 3209
subject: Neurosciences
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
classificationCode: 3101
subject: Biochemistry and cell biology

description: Obesity is a major global health concern, with prevalence rates rapidly rising due to increased availability of highly processed foods rich in fats and/or sugars and technological advances promoting more sedentary behaviour. There is increasing evidence to suggest that obesity predisposes individuals to developing cognitive impairment and dementia. However, the relationship between the brain and the peripheral metabolic state is complex, and many of the underlying mechanisms of cognitive impairment in obesity are yet to be fully elucidated. To better understand the links between obesity and dementia, further work is required to determine pathological changes occurring in the brain during obesity. In this mini-review, we discuss the role of two pathological features of obesity (the gut-brain axis and systemic inflammation) and their potential contribution to dementia.
Near-infrared follow-up to the May 2008 activation of SGR 1627-41
Creators: name: Postigo, A. de Ugarte
name: Castro-Tirado, A. J.
name: Covino, S.
name: Gorosabel, J.
name: D'Avanzo, P.
name: Nuernberger, D. E. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: On 28 May 2008, the Swift satellite detected the first reactivation of SGR 1627-41 since its discovery in 1998. Following this event we began an observing campaign in near infrared wavelengths to search for a possible counterpart inside the error circle of this SGR, which is expected to show flaring activity simultaneous to the high energy flares or at least some variability as compared to the quiescent state. For the follow-up we used the 0.6m REM robotic telescope at La Silla Observatory, which allowed a fast response within 24 hours and, through director discretionary time, the 8.2m Very Large Telescope at Paranal Observatory. There, we observed with NACO to produce high angular resolution imaging with the aid of adaptive optics. These observations represent the fastest near infrared observations after an activation of this SGR and the deepest and highest spatial resolution observations of the Chandra error circle. 5 sources are detected in the immediate vicinity of the most precise X-ray localisation of this source. For 4 of them we do not detect variability, although the X-ray counterpart experimented a significant decay during our observation period. The 5th source is only detected in one epoch, where we have the best image quality, so no variability constrains can be imposed and remains as the only plausible counterpart. We can impose a limit of Ks > 21.6 magnitudes to any other counterpart candidate one week after the onset of the activity. Our adaptive optics imaging, with a resolution of 0.2" provides a reference frame for subsequent studies of future periods of activity.
description: Accepted for publication in A&A
One component of the curvature tensor of a Lorentzian manifold
Creators: name: Galaev, Anton S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53C29, 53C50, 53B30

description: The holonomy algebra $\g$ of an $n+2$-dimensional Lorentzian manifold $(M,g)$ admitting a parallel distribution of isotropic lines is contained in the subalgebra $\simil(n)=(\Real\oplus\so(n))\zr\Real^n\subset\so(1,n+1)$. An important invariant of $\g$ is its $\so(n)$-projection $\h\subset\so(n)$, which is a Riemannian holonomy algebra. One component of the curvature tensor of the manifold belongs to the space $¶(\h)$ consisting of linear maps from $\Real^n$ to $\h$ satisfying an identity similar to the Bianchi one. In the present paper the spaces $¶(\h)$ are computed for each possible $\h$. This gives the complete description of the values of the curvature tensor of the manifold $(M,g)$. These results can be applied e.g. to the holonomy classification of the Einstein Lorentzian manifolds.
description: An extended version of a part from arXiv:0906.1327
Periodicities in the high-mass X-ray binary system RX J0146.9+6121/LS I+61 235
Creators: name: Sarty, Gordon E.
name: Kiss, Laszlo L.
name: Huziak, Richard
name: Catalan, Lionel J. J.
name: Luciuk, Diane
name: Crawford, Timothy R.
name: Lane, David J.
name: Pickard, Roger D.
name: Grzybowski, Thomas A.
name: Closas, Pere
name: Johnston, Helen
name: Balam, David
name: Wu, Kinwah
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The high-mass X-ray binary RX J0146.9+6121, with optical counterpart LS I+61 235 (V831 Cas), is an intriguing system on the outskirts of the open cluster NGC 663. It contains the slowest X-ray pulsar known with a pulse period of around 1400s and, primarily from the study of variation in the emission line profile of H alpha, it is known to have a Be decretion disk with a one-armed density wave period of approximately 1240d. Here we present the results of an extensive photometric campaign, supplemented with optical spectroscopy, aimed at measuring short time-scale periodicities. We find three significant periodicities in the photometric data at, in order of statistical significance, 0.34d, 0.67d and 0.10d. We give arguments to support the interpretation that the 0.34d and 0.10d periods could be due to stellar oscillations of the B type primary star and that the 0.67d period is the spin period of the Be star with a spin axis inclination of 23 +10 -8 degrees. We measured a systemic velocity of -37.0 +- 4.3 km/s confirming that LS I+61 235 has a high probability of membership in the young cluster NGC 663 from which the system's age can be estimated as 20-25 Myr. From archival RXTE ASM data we further find "super" X-ray outbursts roughly every 450d. If these super outbursts are caused by the alignment of the compact star with the one-armed decretion disk enhancement, then the orbital period is approximately 330d.
description: Accepted 2008 October 24 MNRAS
Early Time Dynamics in Heavy Ion Collisions from CGC and from AdS/CFT
Creators: name: Kovchegov, Yuri V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We review two different theoretical approaches to the strong interaction dynamics at the early times immediately following heavy ion collisions. One approach is based on small-coupling physics of the Color Glass Condensate (CGC). The other approach is based on Anti-de Sitter space/Conformal Field Theory (AdS/CFT) correspondence and may be applicable to describing large-coupling QCD interactions. We point out that in terms of theoretical tools the two approaches are somewhat similar: in CGC one deals with classical gluon fields produced in a nuclear shock wave collision, while in AdS/CFT one studies classical gravity in a gravitational shock wave collision. We stress, however, that the resulting physics is different: the classical gluon fields in CGC lead to a free-streaming medium produced in heavy ion collisions, while the classical gravity in the 5-dimensional AdS bulk is likely to lead to ideal hydrodynamics description of the produced medium. Also, the valence quarks in colliding nuclei in CGC continue along their light cone trajectories after the collision with very little recoil, while we show that in AdS the colliding nuclei are likely to lose most of their energy in the collision and stop.
description: 8 pages, 6 figures - to appear in the conference proceedings for Quark Matter 2009, March 30 - April 4, Knoxville, Tennessee; v2: line numbers removed