cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Phase I clinical trial of a chlorhexidine diacetate intraoral delivery system in medically healthy gingivitis subjects
Creators: name: Van Scoyoc, Steven M.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: Chlorhexidine diacetate (CDA) was incorporated into an ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) mouthguard. This single center, 5-week, open-label trial, evaluated six medically healthy subjects with moderate gingivitis. Subjects wore the mouthguard 12 hrs/day for 21 days. Adverse events were recorded and the pharmacokinetic profiles of CDA in serum and saliva were evaluated. Plaque samples were evaluated for changes in microbial susceptibility to CDA, bacterial counts characterized under aerobic and anaerobic conditions, and specific subgingival microorganisms. Results show limited adverse events, minimal systemic exposure to CDA, prolonged intraoral delivery, and no evidence of microbial CDA resistance. A reduction in the total bacterial counts of aerobic and anaerobic microbes, and an improvement in clinical signs of periodontal inflammation occurred. Data suggest that the CDA-EVA mouthguard is safe for human use with minimal systemic exposure. Additionally, CDA treatment does not alter the CDA-susceptibility of the oral flora and may reduce total bacterial counts.
Gender and Crisis Decisionmaking
Creators: name: Schneider, Jacquelyn
name: Schechter, Benjamin
name: Shaffer, Rachael
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Leadership Studies
subject: Political Science
subject: FOS: Political science
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: In this project, we examine how gender affects both outcomes and processes of crisis decisionmaking when introduced to a hypothetical crisis wargame. The project divides teams into either all-female, mixed gender, or all male and asks them to respond to two scenarios of intensifying violence and danger. Teams must put together a crisis outcome plan to explain their response to these scenarios. Facilitators take notes on group behaviors and players also submit individual surveys about their motivations and behaviors.
An Investigation of the Relationship between Therapist Characteristics and Alliance in Group Therapy for Individuals with Treatment-Resistant Auditory Hallucination
Creators: name: Harper, Katy Margaret
Publisher: name: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
Year: 2011

description: Alliance is a well-studied construct across psychotherapy research; however little research has investigated predictors of alliance in a group context. This study investigates the relationship between therapist characteristics and behaviors in 65 individuals with schizophrenia receiving outpatient group therapy for treatment-resistant auditory hallucinations. Trained raters coded 120 sessions of cognitive behavioral therapy or supportive therapy for therapist warmth and friendliness, therapist exploration and negative therapist attitude. The results showed that higher levels of therapist warmth and friendliness in sessions four, and lower levels of negative therapist attitude in sessions two and three predicted stronger alliance at week six. Therapist exploration in sessions one to five did not predict alliance at week six. Additional analyses indicated that lower negative therapist attitude in sessions two and five was associated with higher post- treatment symptom scores. Therapist characteristics did not predict treatment attendance or participation. Implications for clinical practice are discussed.
Reproducing margins: situating the anthropology of fertility and migration in Geneva, Switzerland
Creators: name: West, Lindsey Marie
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: Populations are not neatly contained in geographic or national areas, and the experiences of transnational populations are elided by traditional demographic practice. Fertility is an ever more contested topic in Europe in part because of ambiguity over the significance of population statistics and anxiety over who is counted as part of the nation. I argue that biopolitical anxieties in contemporary European political discourses conceptualize invasive migration and low fertility as dual problems facing national populations. This paper explores these concepts through a review of the anthropological literature on stratified reproduction and boundary maintenance in European contexts. I use this review to situate my own research in Geneva Switzerland, which brings these two paradigms together in an inquiry into displaced women's family planning practices. Examining the experiences of migrant persons making reproductive decisions in Switzerland on the margins of legitimacy allows me to explore how boundaries are mapped onto bodies and what the consequences are for individuals, families, populations, and nations.
Who likes ugly? Understanding the enjoyment of grotesque art
Creators: name: Karinen, Annika
name: Çınar, Çağla
name: Tybur, Joshua
name: de Vries, Reinout
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Art and Design
subject: Painting
subject: Personality and Social Contexts
subject: Arts and Humanities
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: Aesthetic emotions
subject: Art preferences
subject: Grotesque art
subject: Personality

description: Preregistration for Study 2, data, scripts, and materials for 'Who likes ugly? Understanding the enjoyment of grotesque art'
Pilot Study
Creators: name: Ungson, Nick
name: Skovera, Isabel
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: American Politics
subject: Political Science
subject: FOS: Political science
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: - Preregistration of pilot study for Skovera undergraduate senior thesis - See "2020-08-20 pilot study - preregistration.pdf" for detailed preregistration.
Spin structures and entanglement of two disjoint intervals in conformal field theories
Creators: name: Coser, Andrea
name: Tonni, Erik
name: Calabrese, Pasquale
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We reconsider the moments of the reduced density matrix of two disjoint intervals and of its partial transpose with respect to one interval for critical free fermionic lattice models. It is known that these matrices are sums of either two or four Gaussian matrices and hence their moments can be reconstructed as computable sums of products of Gaussian operators. We find that, in the scaling limit, each term in these sums is in one-to-one correspondence with the partition function of the corresponding conformal field theory on the underlying Riemann surface with a given spin structure. The analytical findings have been checked against numerical results for the Ising chain and for the XX spin chain at the critical point.
description: 41 pages, 10 figures
Why can't we have it all? The conflict between the principalship and motherhood
Creators: name: Jordan, Jacqueline S.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: Being a principal in today's high-stakes environment is a highly demanding job. Much has been written about the stress principals now face in responding to the increased demands and pressures associated with the role. Districts nationwide continue go to great lengths to find administrators of the highest caliber capable of meeting these increasing demands. As a growing number of women assume the principalship at a younger age, a unique set of challenges has emerged. Finding partners and starting a family is difficult, as female principals typically work long hours and expend tremendous energy to succeed. For principals who are married with children, the challenges are also great. Competing demands and divided priorities often create consequences that are rarely discussed. Support from colleagues, supervisors, and family proved to be essential in for study participants in combating these consequences. Setting personal boundaries and realizing that work should not be the only aspect of one's life also proved essential for women who were able to "have it all." Policymakers should address women's career challenges, since feminist leadership skills have been proven to create the conditions for successful schools, and the number of women in the principalship is growing nationwide.
Ethical Decision Making for Provision of Technologies in Occupational Therapy Practice: A Rapid Review Report
Creators: name: MacPherson, Megan
name: Sithamparanathan, Gobika
name: Braunizer, Anna
name: Wang, Rosalie
name: Sadiq, Cara
name: Smith, Emma
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Health Information Technology
subject: Public Health
subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: Rehabilitation and Therapy

description: As use of technology continues to expand into daily life, so too will the therapeutic use of technology within Occupational Therapy practice. Ethical decision making is a key tenet within Occupational Therapy practice; however, the Canadian Association of Occupational Therapists does not have existing guidelines for the ethical provision of technology. As such, this rapid review aims to summarize existing frameworks and recommendations to provide recommendations specific to Occupational Therapists on the ethical decision making regarding the provision of technology.
Ambulance (Emergency Medical Service) interventions in response to pandemics: a scoping review
Creators: name: Curtis, Ffion
name: Siriwardena, Aloysius
name: Laparidou, Despina
name: Jayawickrama, Withanage
name: Weligamage, Dedunu
name: spaight, robert
name: Ortega, Marishona
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Emergency Medical Service
subject: Pandemic
subject: Scoping Review

description: The aim of this scoping review is to identify and present the available quantitative and qualitative evidence of EMS pandemic preparedness, and how this translates into practice. This will include studies of EMS pandemic preparedness plans, intervention implementation, evaluations, and importantly perceptions of EMS staff and patients. The findings of this scoping review will be used to inform future research to strengthen EMS pandemic preparedness planning.
title: An investigation of the language assessment literacy of teacher educators in Chile
title: knowledge, practices, learning, beliefs, and context
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Villa Larenas, Salome
Publisher: name: Lancaster University
Year: 2020
Subjects: language assessment literacy
teacher educators

description: To date, language assessment literacy (LAL) research has primarily focused on language teachers and a range of other stakeholders (e.g. Hasselgreen et al., 2004). However, little research attention has been given to the LAL of those who prepare pre-service teachers for their future profession, i.e. teacher educators. Also, the dominant methodology in LAL research has been the survey approach, eliciting perceived needs and self-reported knowledge (e.g. Vogt & Tsagari, 2014). In response, this mixed methods study explores the LAL of teacher educators working in English teacher education programmes, in this case in Chile. First, it aimed to gain understanding of their language assessment knowledge by means of a knowledge test, the Language Assessment Literacy Inventory (LALI), which was completed by 94 teacher educators. Additionally, interviews with 20 teacher educators provided insights into their language assessment beliefs and practices, and the extent of the LAL training they conduct with pre-service teachers. Despite teacher educators’ lack of language assessment training, key findings are that they have practice-derived language assessment knowledge. This has been mainly acquired on the job through communities of practice, which were found to be enriching environments for language assessment learning. Simultaneously, contextual constraints, and teacher educators’ conceptions of language assessment influence their practices and how they develop their pre-service teachers’ LAL. Importantly, the lack of language assessment training was reported to have a direct effect on teacher educators’ language assessment practices and their conceptions of assessment. Additionally, the findings identify teacher educators as key stakeholders in the enhancement of a LAL development cascade in the language teaching profession. The study has theoretical implications through the development of the LALI instrument and a LAL model for the Teaching Profession (LAL-TEP), which describes the interrelationships between language assessment beliefs, knowledge, practices, learning, and context. The study also has practical implications for LAL development in pre- and in-service education and for policy-making in Chile.
Mistik Kristen Kejawen Dalam Terang Firman Allah
Creators: name: Purwanto, Fredi
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Education
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Kejawen
subject: Mistik Kristen
subject: Mistisisme
subject: Sinkretisme
subject: Unio Mystica

description: Sinkretisme merupakan proses dimana aspek-aspek dari suatu agama diasimilasikan atau dicampurkan dengan agama yang lain. Dan ini mengakibatkan perubahan yang mendasar dari kedua agama tersebut. Di Perjanjian Lama, Allah sangat prihatin dengan tekanan dan pencobaan yang mengarah kepada sinkretisme. Pada waktu umat Allah menuju tanah perjanjian, mereka akan berhadapan dengan agama-agama penyembah berhala. Hukum Allah bukan hanya memperingatkan bangsa Israel untuk tidak meninggalkan Yahweh dan berpaling pada ilah lain, tetapi supaya mereka jangan beribadah kepada ilah-ilah lain sebagai tambahan beribadah kepada Allah yang benar. Periode Perjanjian Baru merupakan masa dimana sinkretisme merajalela. Pada waktu kerajaan Yunani meluas, maka ilah-ilah mereka bercampur dengan ilah-ilah dari daerah-daerah yang mereka taklukkan. Kekaisaran Romawi juga terbuka terhadap segala bentuk kepercayaan dan agama-agama mistik. Kekristenan juga terpengaruh oleh keadaan ini. Bapa-bapa gereja pada masa itu bukan hanya sibuk untuk memberitakan Injil, tetapi mereka juga sibuk untuk mempertahankan integritas Injil. Sejarah dari pengakuan/kredo Kristen merupakan sejarah dari umat Allah yang berusaha untuk memisahkan diri mereka dari jerat agama lain dan filsafat non Kristen. Masalah ini terus dihadapi oleh orang Kristen pada masa sekarang. Sinkretisme terus menjadi alat yang ampuh untuk memisahkan Allah dari umat-Nya. Di dalam kerinduan kita untuk bersama dengan dunia ini atau orang-orang sezaman kita, maka kita dapat terjerumus pada pencobaan untuk menyesuaikan diri dengan pola pikir dunia ini. Oleh karena itu, besar harapan penulis bahwa tulisan ini dapat berkontribusi dalam mengatasi masalah-masalah yang terjadi berkaitan dengan hal tersebut, secara khusus yang terkait dengan percampuran antara teologi Kristen dan pemikiran mistisisme Jawa. Selain itu, penulis juga berharap supaya melalui tulisan ini, dapat mendorong orang percaya untuk bergerak bersama dalam mengatasi persoalan ini, misalnya dengan: Pertama, memahami perlunya diadakan kebaktian kebangunan rohani di gereja-gereja yang dasar kekristenannya sangat lemah. Hal ini untuk membersihkan pengaruh yang menyimpang dari dasar Alkitabiah. Kedua, mendorong gereja-gereja lokal untuk memberikan pemahaman Alkitab secara mendalam kepada pelayan atau anggota jemaat. Hal ini bisa dilakukan dalam kelompok pemuridan yang secara serius belajar firman Tuhan. Ketiga, mendorong hamba Tuhan di gereja-gereja lokal untuk memberikan pelayanan penggembalaan yang baik bagi setiap anggota jemaat sehingga mereka merasa diperhatikan oleh gembalanya.
Understanding the Nonlinear Dynamics of Driven Particles in Supercooled Liquids in Terms of an Effective Temperature
Creators: name: Schroer, Carsten F. E.
name: Heuer, Andreas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In active microrheology the mechanical properties of a material are tested by adding probe particles which are pulled by an external force. In case of supercooled liquids, strong forcing leads to a thinning of the host material which becomes more pronounced as the system approaches the glass transition. In this work we provide a quantitative theoretical description of this thinning behavior based on the properties of the Potential Energy Landscape (PEL) of a model glass-former. A key role plays the trap-like nature of the PEL. We find that the mechanical properties in the strongly driven system behave the same as in a quiescent system at an enhanced temperature, giving rise to a well-characterized effective temperature. Furthermore, this effective temperature turns out to be independent of the chosen observable and individually shows up in the thermodynamic and dynamic properties of the system. Based on this underlying theoretical understanding, we can estimate its dependence on temperature and force by the PEL-properties of the quiescent system. We furthermore critically discuss the relevance of effective temperatures obtained by scaling relations for the description of out-of-equilibrium situations.
Discovery of a suspected giant radio galaxy with the KAT-7 array
Creators: name: Colafrancesco, S.
name: Mhlahlo, N.
name: Jarrett, T.
name: Oozeer, N.
name: Marchegiani, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We detect a new suspected giant radio galaxy (GRG) discovered by KAT-7. The GRG core is identified with the WISE source J013313.50-130330.5, an extragalactic source based on its infrared colors and consistent with a misaligned AGN-type spectrum at $z\approx 0.3$. The multi-$ν$ spectral energy distribution (SED) of the object associated to the GRG core shows a synchrotron peak at $ν\approx 10^{14}$ Hz consistent with the SED of a radio galaxy blazar-like core. The angular size of the lobes are $\sim 4 ^{\prime}$ for the NW lobe and $\sim 1.2 ^{\prime}$ for the SE lobe, corresponding to projected linear distances of $\sim 1078$ kpc and $\sim 324$ kpc, respectively. The best-fit parameters for the SED of the GRG core and the value of jet boosting parameter $δ=2$, indicate that the GRG jet has maximum inclination $θ\approx 30$ deg with respect to the line of sight, a value obtained for $δ=Γ$, while the minimum value of $θ$ is not constrained due to the degeneracy existing with the value of Lorentz factor $Γ$. Given the photometric redshift $z \approx 0.3$, this GRG shows a core luminosity of $P_{1.4 GHz} \approx 5.52 \times 10^{24}$ W Hz$^{-1}$, and a luminosity $P_{1.4 GHz} \approx 1.29 \times 10^{25}$ W Hz$^{-1}$ for the NW lobe and $P_{1.4 GHz} \approx 0.46 \times 10^{25}$ W Hz$^{-1}$ for the SE lobe, consistent with the typical GRG luminosities. The radio lobes show a fractional linear polarization $\approx 9 \%$ consistent with typical values found in other GRG lobes.
description: 7 pages, 6 figures, 2 tables, accepted for publication in MNRAS
title: Forschung + Datenmanagement = Forschungsdatenmanagement
title: wann geht die Gleichung auf?
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Lemaire, Marina
name: Gerhards, Lea
name: Kellendonk, Stefan
Publisher: name: Universität Trier
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Forschungsdaten
valueUri: http://d-nb.info/gnd/1098579690
subject: Management
valueUri: http://d-nb.info/gnd/4037278-9

description: Der Tagungsbericht fasst die Vorträge, Workshops und Ergebnisse der Abschlusstagung des BMBF-Projektes PODMAN: „Forschung + Datenmanagement = Forschungsdatenmanagement – Wann geht die Gleichung auf?“ vom 27. und 28. März 2019 an der Universität Trier zusammen. Ihm sind die Vortragsfolien, die Präsentationen der Workshops sowie die zugehörige Fotodokumentation der Arbeitsgruppen im Anhang beigefügt.
description: The conference report summarizes the presentations, workshops and results of the final conference of the BMBF project PODMAN: "Research + Data Management = Research Data Management - When does the equation work?" on March 27 and 28, 2019 at Trier University. It includes the presentation and workshop slides as well as the associated photo documentation of the working groups.
PARTISAN POLYGONS: GEOGRAPHIC COMPACTNESS AND EFFICIENT GERRYMANDERS
Creators: name: Curiel, John
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: Redistricting reformers view geographic district compactness, the drawing of regular polygon shaped districts, as a non-partisan constraint on gerrymandering. I argue that compactness is partisan in effect as it constrains Democratic electoral success, while abetting the GOP. High concentrations of Democratic voters in cities lead to divergent strategies by the parties when they redistrict to maximize their share of congressional seats. Democrats draw non-compact districts so as to extend out their support across the state whereas the GOP uses compact districts to prevent Democratic congressional seat gains. I test this proposition and find that compact districts lead to partisan ratios which enable the Republican Party to capture more districts. Further, Democratic unified governments draw less compact districts on average. At the same time, courts and independent commissions draw more compact districts, due to their belief compact districts constrain gerrymandering. These results call into question compactness as a non-partisan redistricting principle.
Strong magnetic frustration and anti-site disorder causing spin-glass behavior in honeycomb Li2RhO3
Creators: name: Katukuri, Vamshi M.
name: Nishimoto, Satoshi
name: Rousochatzakis, Ioannis
name: Stoll, Hermann
name: Brink, Jeroen van den
name: Hozoi, Liviu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: With large spin-orbit coupling, the $t_{2g}^5$ electron configuration in $d$-metal oxides is prone to highly anisotropic exchange interactions and exotic magnetic properties. In $5d^5$ iridates, given the existing variety of crystal structures, the magnetic anisotropy can be tuned from antisymmetric to symmetric Kitaev-type, with interaction strengths that outsize the isotropic terms. By many-body electronic-structure calculations we here address the nature of the magnetic exchange and the intriguing spin-glass behavior of Li$_2$RhO$_3$, a $4d^5$ honeycomb oxide. For pristine crystals without Rh-Li site inversion, we predict a dimerized ground state as in the isostructural $5d^5$ iridate Li$_2$IrO$_3$, with triplet spin dimers effectively placed on a frustrated triangular lattice. With Rh-Li anti-site disorder, we explain the observed spin-glass phase as a superposition of different, nearly degenerate symmetry-broken configurations.
description: 10 pages
Designing a fully-compensated half-metallic ferrimagnet
Creators: name: Zic, Mario
name: Rode, Karsten
name: Thiyagarajah, Naganivetha
name: Lau, Yong-Chang
name: Betto, Davide
name: Coey, J. M. D.
name: Sanvito, Stefano
name: O'Shea, Kerry J.
name: Ferguson, Ciaran A.
name: MacLaren, Donald A.
name: Archer, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent experimental work on Mn2RuxGa demonstrates its potential as a compensated ferrimagnetic half-metal (CFHM).Here we present a set of high-throughput ab initio density functional theory calculations and detailed experimental characterisation, that enable us to correctly describe the nominal Mn2RuxGa thin films, in particular with regard to site-disorder and defects. We then construct models that accurately capture all the key features of the Mn-Ru-Ga system, including magnetic compensation and the spin gap at the Fermi level. We find that electronic doping is neccessary, which is achieved with a Mn/Ga ratio smaller than two. Our study shows how composition and substrate-induced biaxial strain can be combined to design the first room-temperature CFHM.
description: 5 pages + 4 pages supplementary material
Life journeys with advanced breast cancer in Mauritania: A mixed methods case study
Creators: name: Fearon, David
Publisher: name: Lancaster University
Year: 2020
Subjects: Mauritania
Breast cancer
Palliative care
Africa
Case study research

description: Background: Breast cancer is the most common cancer for women, globally. Social, religious and healthcare contexts have been shown to influence women’s experiences of advanced breast cancer; however, research has tended to focus on resource-rich nations. There is limited research from low-resource contexts, and little is known on the experiences of Arab, Muslim and African women with advanced breast cancer. Aim: To explore and understand the experiences of advanced breast cancer in the Islamic Republic of Mauritania, West Africa. Methods: Using a constructivist Stakian multi-case study approach, eight cases were constructed around women (n=8) with advanced breast cancer, family members (n=10) and health professionals (n=9). Data were collected longitudinally (up to nine months per case) and consisted of interviews, audio-journals, a patient reported outcome measurement scale and a performance status scale. Withincase and cross-case analysis was undertaken, with thematic analysis of qualitative data. Findings: Three key themes were identified: 1. Destiny, 2. Patience & Acceptance and 3. Journeying in search of a cure. Mauritanian women appreciate that Allah is all powerful and maintains control over their destinies and their breast cancer. A fear of causing offence to Allah influences how they express negative experiences of breast cancer and its treatments. The women’s access to information and treatment is controlled by health professionals and families. Women are, therefore, required to use their own observations and interpretations to understand their breast cancer and empower their pursuit of treatment and a cure. Conclusion: Maure women’s experiences of advanced breast cancer in Mauritania are influenced by power imbalances. Allah is all-powerful. Families and health professionals exert power over Maure women’s access to information, healthcare decisions and how they express negative experiences. This thesis demonstrates that Maure women are cognisant of these challenges and, either, accept them as reality or attempt to work around them.
An A Posteriori Analysis of C^0 Interior Penalty Methods for the Obstacle Problem of Clamped Kirchhoff Plates
Creators: name: Brenner, Susanne C.
name: Gedicke, Joscha
name: Sung, Li-yeng
name: Zhang, Yi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 65N30, 65N15, 65K15, 74K20, 74S05

description: We develop an a posteriori analysis of C^0 interior penalty methods for the displacement obstacle problem of clamped Kirchhoff plates. We show that a residual based error estimator originally designed for C^0 interior penalty methods for the boundary value problem of clamped Kirchhoff plates can also be used for the obstacle problem. We obtain reliability and efficiency estimates for the error estimator and introduce an adaptive algorithm based on this error estimator. Numerical results indicate that the performance of the adaptive algorithm is optimal for both quadratic and cubic C^0 interior penalty methods.
Spontaneous symmetry breaking in nonlinear systems: An overview and a simple model
Creators: name: Malomed, Boris A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The paper combines two topics belonging to the general theme of the spontaneous symmetry breaking (SSB) in systems including two basic competing ingredients: the self-focusing cubic nonlinearity and a double-well-potential (DWP) structure. Such systems find diverse physical realizations, chiefly in optical waveguides, made of a nonlinear material and featuring a transverse DWP structure, and in models of atomic BEC with attractive inter-atomic interactions, loaded into a pair of symmetric potential wells coupled by tunneling across the separating barrier. With the increase of the nonlinearity strength, the SSB occurs at a critical value of the strength. The first part of the paper offers a brief overview of the topic. The second part presents a model which is designed as the simplest one capable to produce the SSB phenomenology in the one-dimensional geometry. The model is based on the DWP built as an infinitely deep potential box, which is split into two wells by a delta-functional barrier at the central point. Approximate analytical predictions for the SSB are produced for two limit cases: strong (deep) or weak (shallow) splitting of the potential box by the central barrier. Critical values of the strength of the nonlinearity at the SSB point, represented by the norm of the stationary wave field, are found in both cases (the critical strength is small in the former case, and large in the latter one). For the intermediate case, a less accurate variational approximation (VA) is developed.
description: In: Nonlinear Dynamics: Materials, Theory and Experiments (Springer Proceedings in Physics, vol. 173, 2016), ed. by M. Tlidi and M. Clerc, pp. 97-112
Additional file 48 of Characterizing PFAS hazards and risks: a human population-based in vitro cardiotoxicity assessment strategy
Creators: name: Ford, Lucie C.
name: Lin, Hsing-Chieh
name: Zhou, Yi-Hui
name: Wright, Fred A.
name: Gombar, Vijay K.
name: Sedykh, Alexander
name: Shah, Ruchir R.
name: Chiu, Weihsueh A.
name: Rusyn, Ivan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer

description: Supplementary Material 48
Determination of I-V Curves of HTS Tapes From The Frequency Dependent AC Transport Loss
Creators: name: Demenčík, Eduard
name: Godfrin, Aurelien
name: Zermeño, Víctor
name: Grilli, Francesco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The current-voltage characteristics of superconductors are commonly determined by means of a standard 4-probe DC measurement technique. In coated conductors, however, one often encounters problems due to weak or no stabilization and in such case, when the risk of burning the tape is high, the 4-probe approach can fail. In other cases such as in HTS cable structures, besides vulnerability and high risk of damage, it may also be difficult to achieve a high critical current level with a power supply that is normally used to characterize single strands. We therefore investigated an alternative method to determine the DC I-V curve, based on measuring the AC transport loss as a function of frequency in overcritical current range. In the AC regime, both the hysteretic loss component and the joule dissipation are present for applied transport currents exceeding the critical current Ic. In this work, AC loss measurements at different frequencies are related to different electric fields in DC and a curve similar to the DC I-V is obtained. From this curve, the power index N and Ic values are estimated. AC regime operation can be more beneficial for two reasons: firstly, because very high currents can be achieved easily by using a transformer; secondly, because the effective joule heat dissipation with overcritical AC currents is much lower than that with DC of the same amplitudes. In the experiment, we used a 4 mm wide YBCO reference tape with 20 μm of Cu-stabilization. For the comparison with AC transport loss, the sample was measured with the standard 4-probe technique and remained stable even in overload condition. To support our study, numerical simulations, reproducing both transient and stationary operation conditions, were performed. A similar relation between the AC current transport loss and the I-V curves was also observed in the simulations.
description: EUCAS 2015
Ray Tracing in an Arbitrary Cloak in Two Dimensions
Creators: name: Sidhwa, H. H.
name: Aiyar, R. P.
name: Kulkarni, S. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Electromagnetic wave behaviour in an anisotropic medium with a two dimensional arbitrary geometry is studied. The aim is to trace the path of a ray in such a complex medium for the purpose of achieving cloaking (invisibility). A coordinate transformation is carried out for the formulation of an annular region at the centre of the structure whose topology is a scaled geometry of outer boundary of the structure.
description: 4 pages, 1 figure , Progress in Electromagnetics Research Symposium (PIERS) 2013 Stockholm, Sweden
Revisiting internet service providers' immunity from defamation liability a decade after enactment of the Communications Decency Act
Creators: name: Lee, Tae Hee
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2006

description: This thesis explores the Internet Service Providers' immunity from cyber-torts by third parties since the enactment of the Communications Decency Act of 1996. It examines two court groups' rationales concerning Section 230's immunity provision: rationales split between those courts following the Fourth Circuit decision in Zeran v. AOL - which granted ISPs absolute immunity from torts liability - and other courts disagreeing with Zeran. The legislative history analyzed in this thesis strongly supports the premise that Section 230 did not grant perfect immunity, but instead limited immunity to ISPs that engaged in Good Samaritan blocking. Interest groups have strongly influenced the ISP immunity issue from the legislation to recent court cases. The case analysis demonstrates that broad immunity did not encourage ISPs to self-police the Internet. The news portal analysis demonstrates that anti-Zeran courts' reasoning concerning the meaning of the "development" of content is appropriate for applying to the current Internet environment.
The far-infrared behaviour of Herbig Ae/Be discs: Herschel PACS photometry
Creators: name: Pascual, N.
name: Montesinos, B.
name: Meeus, G.
name: Marshall, J. P.
name: Mendigutía, I.
name: Sandell, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Herbig Ae/Be objects are pre-main sequence stars surrounded by gas- and dust-rich circumstellar discs. These objects are in the throes of star and planet formation, and their characterisation informs us of the processes and outcomes of planet formation processes around intermediate mass stars. Here we analyse the spectral energy distributions of disc host stars observed by the Herschel Open Time Key Programme `Gas in Protoplanetary Systems'. We present Herschel/PACS far-infrared imaging observations of 22 Herbig Ae/Bes and 5 debris discs, combined with ancillary photometry spanning ultraviolet to sub-millimetre wavelengths. From these measurements we determine the diagnostics of disc evolution, along with the total excess, in three regimes spanning near-, mid-, and far-infrared wavelengths. Using appropriate statistical tests, these diagnostics are examined for correlations. We find that the far-infrared flux, where the disc becomes optically thin, is correlated with the millimetre flux, which provides a measure of the total dust mass. The ratio of far-infrared to sub-millimetre flux is found to be greater for targets with discs that are brighter at millimetre wavelengths and that have steeper sub-millimetre slopes. Furthermore, discs with flared geometry have, on average, larger excesses than flat geometry discs. Finally, we estimate the extents of these discs (or provide upper limits) from the observations.
description: 18 pages, 12 figures main text, 32 figure in Appendix
Large-scale optical diffraction tomography for inspection of optical plastic lenses
Creators: name: Kim, Kyoohyun
name: Yoon, Jonghee
name: Park, YongKeun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Herein is presented an optical diffraction tomography (ODT) technique for measuring 3-D refractive index (RI) maps of optical plastic lenses. A Mach-Zehnder interferometer was used to measure multiple complex optical fields of a plastic lens immersed in RI matching oil, at various rotational orientations. From this, ODT was used to reconstruct a 3-D RI distribution of the plastic lens with unprecedented RI sensitivity (dn = 4.21 x 10^-5) and high resolution (12.8 um). As a demonstration, 3-D RI distributions of a 2-mm-diameter borosilicate sphere and a 5-mm-diameter plastic lens
Systematic Review: Clarifying the concept of existential loneliness/isolation
Creators: name: Dezutter, Jessie
name: Larsson, Helena
name: Haugan, Gørill
name: Saarelainen, Suvi-Maria
name: Mues, Ben
name: Emmerechts, Emma
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Public Health
subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: Mental and Social Health
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: Nursing
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: • How is existential loneliness/isolation described in the existing literature? In what circumstances appear existential loneliness? This systematic review will focus on the phenomenon of existential loneliness or/and existential isolation. Yalom (1980), based on his clinical experience and theorizing, described existential isolation as a feeling of true separation or as a distinction between oneself and the rest of the world. Moustakas (1961) understood this experience as an intolerable emptiness, sadness, and longing, that results from the awareness of one’s fundamental separateness as a human being. He called it existential loneliness. This type of loneliness or isolation can be nullified neither by the presence of others nor by an adequate dealing with feelings and is thus distinct from social loneliness or emotional loneliness. Only recently, however, researchers started to empirically study this phenomenon and currently the terms existential loneliness and existential isolation are used interchangeable, without a clear description or definition. A first group of researchers studied frail older adults, and based on their studies, they use the term ‘existential loneliness’ and describe it as a deep awareness of being fundamentally separated from other people and from the universe (Bolmsjo et al., 2019). A second group of scholars (Helm et al., 2019; Pinel et al., 2017) investigated this phenomenon from a (social) psychological perspective, and predominantly in student populations, describing ‘existential isolation’ as the subjective sense of being alone in one’s experience and the realization that others will never fully understand one’s perspective. With this systematic review, we aim to provide an overview of the definitions and descriptions present in the literature and clarify which aspects/key components are shared or distinct. We aim that this might stimulate achieving a consensus or working definition in order to accelerate empirical research on this topic.
Additional file 1 of Surgical site infection in severe trauma patients in intensive care: epidemiology and risk factors
Creators: name: Savio, Lucie
name: Simeone, Pierre
name: Baron, Sophie
name: Antonini, François
name: Bruder, Nicolas
name: Boussen, Salah
name: Zieleskiewicz, Laurent
name: Blondel, Benjamin
name: Prost, Solène
name: Baucher, Guillaume
name: Lebaron, Marie
name: Florant, Thibault
name: Boucekine, Mohamed
name: Leone, Marc
name: Velly, Lionel
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Mental Health
subject: Hematology
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Supplementary Material 1
Home going: a spirit-centered ethnography exploring the transformative journey of documenting Gullah/Geechee funerals
Creators: name: Lanier, Michelle
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: This thesis explores the transformative and spiritually-affirming impact that can occur when a folklorist of faith engages with a community's faith practice. In this case that faith practice is the tradition of home going, or funerary mourning, within the Gullah/Geechee community in and around St. Helena Island, South Carolina. Furthermore, this thesis reveals a narrative of personal and communal healing as the author engages her own loss in the presence of grief, within a community that she has, at times, called home. Home going serves as the vernacular vocabulary for funerals and their associate wakes, repasts, and memorials in a contemporary, Gullah/Geechee context. Home going also serves as a birthplace for the concept of a Spirit-centered ethnographic journey. This thesis both defines and utilizes Spirit-centered ethnography as an ideology that intentionally moves the ethnographer through vulnerability (as defined by Ruth Behar) to a place of reciprocity and service.
Asteroseismic inversions for radial differential rotation of Sun-like stars: Sensitivity to uncertainties
Creators: name: Schunker, Hannah
name: Schou, Jesper
name: Ball, Warrick H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We quantify the effect of observational spectroscopic and asteroseismic uncertainties on regularised least squares (RLS) inversions for the radial differential rotation of Sun-like and subgiant stars. We first solved the forward problem to model rotational splittings plus the observed uncertainties for models of a Sun-like star, HD 52265, and a subgiant star, KIC 7341231. We randomly perturbed the parameters of the stellar models within the uncertainties of the spectroscopic and asteroseismic constraints and used these perturbed stellar models to compute rotational splittings. We experimented with three rotation profiles: solid body rotation, a step function, and a smooth rotation profile decreasing with radius. We then solved the inverse problem to infer the radial differential rotation profile using a RLS inversion and kernels from the best-fit stellar model.We found that the inversions for Sun-like stars with solar-like radial differential rotation profiles are insensitive to the uncertainties in the stellar models. We found that when the rotation rate below the convection zone is increased to six times that of the surface rotation rate the inferred rotation profile excluded solid body rotation. With the current observational uncertainties, we found that inversions of subgiant stars are sensitive to the uncertainties in the stellar model. Our findings suggest that inversions for the radial differential rotation of subgiant stars would benefit from more tightly constrained stellar models. In Sun-like stars, the insensitivity of the inversions to stellar model uncertainties suggests that it may be possible to perform ensemble inversions for the average radial differential rotation of many stars with a range of stellar types to better constrain the inversions.
description: accepted in A&A, 9 pages, 10 figures
Praxisleitfaden zur Integration externer Dienstleistungen in die FDM-Servicelandschaft von Hochschulen und außeruniversitären Forschungseinrichtungen
Creators: name: Blask, Katharina
name: Förster, André
name: Lemaire, Marina
name: Gerhards, Lea
name: Kellendonk, Stefan
Publisher: name: Universität Trier
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Forschungsdaten
valueUri: http://d-nb.info/gnd/1098579690
subject: Management
valueUri: http://d-nb.info/gnd/4037278-9

description: Hochschulen und außeruniversitäre Forschungseinrichtungen werden heute zunehmend in die Pflicht genommen, für ihre Forschenden Strukturen und Services für ein nachhaltiges Forschungsdatenmanagement (FDM) bereit-zustellen. Da es vor allem für disziplin- oder datenspezifische Bedarfe nicht für jede Forschungseinrichtung möglich ist, die dafür notwendigen Dienste selbst vorzuhalten, müssen sie externe Dienstleistungen in ihre FDM-Servicestrukturen integrieren. Das erfolgreiche Management der Schnittstelle zwischen den kooperierenden Insti-tutionen bedeutet einen erheblichen Organisationsaufwand, für den der vorliegende Praxisleitfaden eine Hilfe-stellung bietet. Er soll die Einrichtungen in die Lage versetzen, fremdbezogene FDM-Dienstleistungen erfolgreich in ihr eigenes FDM-Serviceangebot bzw. ihre übergeordnete FDM-Strategie zu integrieren. Der Leitfaden dient insbesondere als Anleitung für die erfolgreiche Steuerung der Zusammenarbeit und Kommunikation der invol-vierten internen und externen Mitarbeiter*innen. Über eine Reihe von Steuerungsmechanismen, die in diesem Leitfaden ausführlich erläutert werden, lässt sich der Prozess des Schnittstellenmanagements bestmöglich hand-haben. Der Praxisleitfaden versteht sich als Arbeitsgrundlage für alle Akteur*innen einer Forschungseinrichtung, die an der Erstellung eines institutionellen FDM-Konzeptes beteiligt sind.
description: Today, universities and research institutions are increasingly called upon to provide their researchers with struc-tures and services for sustainable research data management (RDM). Since it is not possible for every research institution to provide the necessary services itself – especially for discipline- or data-specific requirements –, they must integrate external services into their RDM service structures. The successful management of the interface between cooperating institutions requires a considerable organizational effort, for which this practical guide offers assistance. It is intended to enable institutions to successfully integrate externally procured RDM services into their own RDM service offering or their superordinate RDM strategy. In particular, this document serves as a guide for the successful management of cooperation and communication between the involved internal and external employees.