cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Topology of equatorial timelike circular orbits around stationary black holes
Creators: name: Wei, Shao-Wen
name: Liu, Yu-Xiao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A topological approach has been successfully used to study the properties of the light ring and the null circular orbit, in a generic black hole background. However, for the equatorial timelike circular orbit, quite different from the light ring case, its radius is closely dependent of the energy and angular momentum of a test particle. This fact seems to restrict the extension of the topological treatment to the timelike circular orbit. In this paper, we confirm that the angular momentum does not affect the asymptotic behavior of the constructed vector with its zero points denoting the equatorial timelike circular orbits. As a result, a well-behaved topology to characterize the equatorial timelike circular orbits can be constructed. Our study shows that the total topological number of the timelike circular orbits vanishes for a generic black hole, which is dependent of the energy of the particle. Significantly, it reveals that if there the timelike circular orbits exist, they always come in pairs for fixed angular momentum. Meanwhile, the stable and unstable timelike circular orbits have positive or negative winding number. Of particular interest is that the marginally stable circular orbit corresponds to the bifurcation point of the zero point of the constructed vector. Moreover, we also examine the case when the particle energy acts as the control parameter. It is shown that there will be topological phase transition when the value of the particle energy is one. Below this value, the timelike circular orbits always come in pairs for fixed energy. Otherwise, we will have one more unstable timelike circular orbit. We further apply the treatment to the Kerr black hole. All the results given in a generic black hole background are exactly reproduced. These strongly indicate that our topological approach can be generalized to the equatorial timelike circular orbits.
description: 20 pages, 10 figures
Enhanced third harmonic generation with graphene metasurfaces
Creators: name: Jin, Boyuan
name: Guo, Tianjing
name: Argyropoulos, Christos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The nonlinear responses of different materials provide useful mechanisms for optical switching, low noise amplification, and harmonic frequency generation. However, the nonlinear processes usually have an extremely weak nature and require high input power to be excited. To alleviate this severe limitation, we propose new designs of ultrathin nonlinear metasurfaces composed of patterned graphene micro-ribbons to significantly enhance third harmonic generation (THG) at far-infrared and terahertz (THz) frequencies. The incident wave is tightly confined and significantly boosted along the surface of graphene in these configurations due to the excitation of highly localized plasmons. The bandwidth of the resonant response becomes narrower due to the introduction of a metallic substrate below the graphene micro-ribbons, which leads to zero transmission and standing waves inside the intermediate dielectric spacer layer. The enhancement of the incident field, combined with the large nonlinear conductivity of graphene, can dramatically increase the THG conversion efficiency by several orders of magnitude. In addition, the resonant frequency of the metasurface can be adjusted by dynamically tuning the Fermi energy of graphene via electrical or chemical doping. As a result, the third harmonic generated wave can be optimized and tuned to be emitted at different frequencies without the need to change the nonlinear metasurface geometry. The proposed nonlinear metasurfaces provide a new way to realize compact and efficient nonlinear sources at the far-infrared and THz frequency ranges, as well as new frequency generation and wave mixing devices which are expected to be useful for nonlinear THz spectroscopy and noninvasive THz imaging applications.
title: Nanoscale rock-salt structured high-entropy metal oxides for catalysis
Creators: name: Kelly, Zek E.
Publisher: name: Colorado School of Mines Repository
Year: 2022

description: High-entropy materials are a new class of solids that are rapidly growing in scientific interest differ because they are formed and stabilized by the large configurational entropy generated by their multi-elemental composition. Due to the large range of possible multi-elemental configurations, it is possible to tune the chemical and physical properties for specific electronic and catalytic purposes. The focus of this research is the wet chemical synthesis and characterization of nanoscale high-entropy metal oxides with a rock-salt structure. Specifically, this research focuses on high-entropy oxide nanomaterial catalysts that are made from earth-abundant and inexpensive precursor metals. Although there have been recent reports regarding very interesting catalytic properties, the ability to control the structure of this class of materials on the nanoscale remains a challenge. If this class of materials can be tailored in terms of both composition and nanoscale morphology, they offer a path using earth abundant systems to replace current catalytic materials which are generally rare and expensive metals such as platinum, iridium, and rhodium.
Investigating Light Curve Modulation via Kernel Smoothing. I. Application to 53 fundamental mode and first-overtone Cepheids in the LMC
Creators: name: Süveges, Maria
name: Anderson, Richard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent studies have revealed a hitherto unknown complexity of Cepheid pulsation. We implement local kernel regression to search for both period and amplitude modulations simultaneously in continuous time and to investigate their detectability, and test this new method on 53 classical Cepheids from the OGLE-III catalog. We determine confidence intervals using parametric and non-parametric bootstrap sampling to estimate significance and investigate multi-periodicity using a modified pre-whitening approach that relies on time-dependent light curve parameters. We find a wide variety of period and amplitude modulations and confirm that first overtone pulsators are less stable than fundamental mode Cepheids. Significant temporal variations in period are more frequently detected than those in amplitude. We find a range of modulation intensities, suggesting that both amplitude and period modulations are ubiquitous among Cepheids. Over the 12-year baseline offered by OGLE-III, we find that period changes are often non-linear, sometimes cyclic, suggesting physical origins beyond secular evolution. Our method more efficiently detects modulations (period and amplitude) than conventional methods reliant on pre-whitening with constant light curve parameters and more accurately pre-whitens time series, removing spurious secondary peaks effectively.
description: Re-submitted including revisions to Astronomy and Astrophysics
Spectroscopy from Machine Learning by Accurately Representing the Atomic Polar Tensor
Creators: name: Schienbein, Philipp
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Vibrational spectroscopy is a key technique to elucidate microscopic structure and dynamics. Without the aid of theoretical approaches, it is however, often difficult to understand such spectra at a microscopic level. Ab initio molecular dynamics have repeatedly proved to be suitable for this purpose, however, the computational cost can be daunting. Here, the E(3)-equivariant neural network e3nn is used to fit the atomic polar tensor of liquid water a posteriori on top of existing molecular dynamics simulations. Notably, the introduced methodology is general and thus transferable to any other system as well. The target property is most fundamental, gives access to the IR spectrum and, more importantly, it is a highly powerful tool to directly assign IR spectral features to nuclear motion -- a connection which has been pursued in the past but only using severe approximations due to the prohibitive computational cost. The herein introduced methodology overcomes this bottleneck. To benchmark the machine learning model, the IR spectrum of liquid water is calculated, indeed showing excellent agreement with the explicit reference calculation. In conclusion, the presented methodology gives a new route to calculate accurate IR spectra from molecular dynamics simulations and will facilitate the understanding of such spectra on a microscopic level.
Intrinsic dimension estimation for discrete metrics
Creators: name: Macocco, Iuri
name: Glielmo, Aldo
name: Grilli, Jacopo
name: Laio, Alessandro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Real world-datasets characterized by discrete features are ubiquitous: from categorical surveys to clinical questionnaires, from unweighted networks to DNA sequences. Nevertheless, the most common unsupervised dimensional reduction methods are designed for continuous spaces, and their use for discrete spaces can lead to errors and biases. In this letter we introduce an algorithm to infer the intrinsic dimension (ID) of datasets embedded in discrete spaces. We demonstrate its accuracy on benchmark datasets, and we apply it to analyze a metagenomic dataset for species fingerprinting, finding a surprisingly small ID, of order 2. This suggests that evolutive pressure acts on a low-dimensional manifold despite the high-dimensionality of sequences' space.
description: RevTeX4.2, 13 pages, 10 figures
title: Interaction of 2D particles and phospholipid monolayers
Creators: name: Regidor, Kailyn I.
Publisher: name: Colorado School of Mines Repository
Year: 2022

description: The goal of this project is to understand how 2D particles at fluid-fluid interfaces interact with phospholipid monolayers found in biology, such as the lung surfactant DPPC. In the project, the main objective was to fabricate mono layer graphene to a certain size and shape to study their interactions with microscopy.
Initial recommendations for performing, benchmarking, and reporting single-cell proteomics experiments
Creators: name: Gatto, Laurent
name: Aebersold, Ruedi
name: Cox, Juergen
name: Demichev, Vadim
name: Derks, Jason
name: Emmott, Edward
name: Franks, Alexander M.
name: Ivanov, Alexander R.
name: Kelly, Ryan T.
name: Khoury, Luke
name: Leduc, Andrew
name: MacCoss, Michael J.
name: Nemes, Peter
name: Perlman, David H.
name: Petelski, Aleksandra A.
name: Rose, Christopher M.
name: Schoof, Erwin M.
name: Van Eyk, Jennifer
name: Vanderaa, Christophe
name: Yates, John R.
name: Slavov, Nikolai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Other Quantitative Biology (q-bio.OT)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Analyzing proteins from single cells by tandem mass spectrometry (MS) has become technically feasible. While such analysis has the potential to accurately quantify thousands of proteins across thousands of single cells, the accuracy and reproducibility of the results may be undermined by numerous factors affecting experimental design, sample preparation, data acquisition, and data analysis. Broadly accepted community guidelines and standardized metrics will enhance rigor, data quality, and alignment between laboratories. Here we propose best practices, quality controls, and data reporting recommendations to assist in the broad adoption of reliable quantitative workflows for single-cell proteomics.
description: Supporting website: https://single-cell.net/guidelines
Channel Estimation for LEO Satellite Massive MIMO OFDM Communications
Creators: name: Li, Ke-Xin
name: Gao, Xiqi
name: Xia, Xiang-Gen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: In this paper, we investigate the massive multiple-input multiple-output orthogonal frequency division multiplexing channel estimation for low-earth-orbit satellite communication systems. First, we use the angle-delay domain channel to characterize the space-frequency domain channel. Then, we show that the asymptotic minimum mean square error (MMSE) of the channel estimation can be minimized if the array response vectors of the user terminals (UTs) that use the same pilot are orthogonal. Inspired by this, we design an efficient graph-based pilot allocation strategy to enhance the channel estimation performance. In addition, we devise a novel two-stage channel estimation (TSCE) approach, in which the received signals at the satellite are manipulated with per-subcarrier space domain processing followed by per-user frequency domain processing. Moreover, the space domain processing of each UT is shown to be identical for all the subcarriers, and an asymptotically optimal vector for the per-subcarrier space domain linear processing is derived. The frequency domain processing can be efficiently implemented by means of the fast Toeplitz system solver. Simulation results show that the proposed TSCE approach can achieve a near performance to the MMSE estimation with much lower complexity.
description: accepted by IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications
Distinguishing between pre- and post-treatment in the speech of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Creators: name: Triantafyllopoulos, Andreas
name: Fendler, Markus
name: Batliner, Anton
name: Gerczuk, Maurice
name: Amiriparian, Shahin
name: Berghaus, Thomas M.
name: Schuller, Björn W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Sound (cs.SD)
subject: Audio and Speech Processing (eess.AS)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) causes lung inflammation and airflow blockage leading to a variety of respiratory symptoms; it is also a leading cause of death and affects millions of individuals around the world. Patients often require treatment and hospitalisation, while no cure is currently available. As COPD predominantly affects the respiratory system, speech and non-linguistic vocalisations present a major avenue for measuring the effect of treatment. In this work, we present results on a new COPD dataset of 20 patients, showing that, by employing personalisation through speaker-level feature normalisation, we can distinguish between pre- and post-treatment speech with an unweighted average recall (UAR) of up to 82\,\% in (nested) leave-one-speaker-out cross-validation. We further identify the most important features and link them to pathological voice properties, thus enabling an auditory interpretation of treatment effects. Monitoring tools based on such approaches may help objectivise the clinical status of COPD patients and facilitate personalised treatment plans.
description: Accepted in INTERSPEECH 2022
When Virtual Reality Meets Rate Splitting Multiple Access: A Joint Communication and Computation Approach
Creators: name: Hieu, Nguyen Quang
name: Nguyen, Diep N.
name: Hoang, Dinh Thai
name: Dutkiewicz, Eryk
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Rate Splitting Multiple Access (RSMA) has emerged as an effective interference management scheme for applications that require high data rates. Although RSMA has shown advantages in rate enhancement and spectral efficiency, it has yet not to be ready for latency-sensitive applications such as virtual reality streaming, which is an essential building block of future 6G networks. Unlike conventional High-Definition streaming applications, streaming virtual reality applications requires not only stringent latency requirements but also the computation capability of the transmitter to quickly respond to dynamic users' demands. Thus, conventional RSMA approaches usually fail to address the challenges caused by computational demands at the transmitter, let alone the dynamic nature of the virtual reality streaming applications. To overcome the aforementioned challenges, we first formulate the virtual reality streaming problem assisted by RSMA as a joint communication and computation optimization problem. A novel multicast approach is then proposed to cluster users into different groups based on a Field-of-View metric and transmit multicast streams in a hierarchical manner. After that, we propose a deep reinforcement learning approach to obtain the solution for the optimization problem. Extensive simulations show that our framework can achieve the millisecond-latency requirement, which is much lower than other baseline schemes.
Critical Race Data Science and Epistemologies of Trust
Creators: name: Gowder, Paul
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: data science
critical race theory
artificial intelligence
surveillance

description: memo to readers: this is an extremely early, rough, draft of some ideas I’m trying to work out about the possibility of a kind of bottom-up data science rooted in the needs and capacities of oppressed communities. It isn’t remotely ready for prime time, and I hadn’t planned on posting it online for quite a while. (Its ultimate destination is to become a chapter in an edited volume which has, due to nobody’s fault, become stalled—as such volumes often do.). However, I was motivated to post it by being made aware of a wonderful talk by Dan McQuillan entitled “Towards an Anti-Fascist AI,”1 as well2as a paper of his entitled “People’s Councils for Ethical Machine Learning.” Needless to say, future iterations of this chapter will be engaging with McQuillan’s work in some detail. But I post this draft now as a moment to participate in the ongoing conversation about the notion of placing control over machine learning in the hands of the oppressed—goals that McQuillan and I clearly share.

To the limited extent that this chapter presently has an

Abstract

it is that many current uses of data science/machine learning/artificial intelligence operate from a top-down standpoint, rooted in a standpoint of distrust, in which authoritative entities (governments, credit raters, etc.) use data for surveillance of subordinated groups. But these technologies also have the potential for bottom-up use, on behalf of and by the subordinated and the oppressed. In order to achieve this potential, a transdisciplinary research program encompassing the theory of trust and collective action as well as the techniques of distributed machine learning and transfer learning, should be initiated.

Comments eagerly solicited.

As this is in a publication pipeline, I'm currently reserving further distribution rights (i.e., there's no cc/open license on this).
title: Nanostructured titanium for medical devices
Creators: name: Ferro, Kelsey R.
Publisher: name: Colorado School of Mines Repository
Year: 2022

description: The bulk and surface properties of pure titanium can be enhanced by nanostructuring to create a new generation of metals for medical implants. The healing response of bone to nanostructured titanium implants can be accelerated 20-fold by altering the metal's crystal size and grain boundary density. In addition, the strength of nanostructured titanium compared to conventional titanium can be increased between 30% to 100%. To incorporate these benefits into medical implants such as spinal rod or dental implants, nanostructuring must be applied to long rods or bars of titanium. One method of nanostructuring titanium is to subject long rods to high shear deformation. However, while this deformation creates nanoscale grains, it also imparts some residual stresses, which must be removed by annealing. In my research, we evaluated the annealing response of nanostructured titanium. Bars of pure titanium nanostructured by High Shear Deformation (HSD) were subjected to 1 hour annealing treatments between 200°C and 375°C. We evaluated the annealing response by measuring the microhardness. We confirmed the unusual phenomenon of "annealing hardening" that is unique to nanostructured metals. Generally, annealing reduces the hardness and strength of pure metals. But in the case of nanostructured titanium annealing can increase the strength. We were able to determine an optimum annealing temperature of 275°C.
Strange hadron production in pp, pPb and PbPb collisions at LHC energies
Creators: name: Saraswat, Kapil
name: Shukla, Prashant
name: Kumar, Vineet
name: Singh, Venktesh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a systematic analysis of transverse momentum $(p_{T})$ spectra of the strange hadrons in different multiplicity events produced in pp collision at $\sqrt{s}$ = 7 TeV, pPb collision at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 5.02 TeV and PbPb collision at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 2.76 TeV. Both the single and differential freeze out scenarios of strange hadrons $K^0_s$, $Λ$ and $Ξ^-$ are considered while fitting using a Tsallis distribution which is modified to include transverse flow. The $p_{T}$ distributions of these hadrons in different systems are characterized in terms of the parameters namely, Tsallis temperature $(T)$, power $(n)$ and average transverse flow velocity $(β)$. It is found that for all the systems, transverse flow increases as we move from lower to higher multiplicity events. In the case of the differential freeze-out scenario, the degree of thermalization remains similar for events of different multiplicity classes in all the three systems. The Tsallis temperature increases with the mass of the hadrons and also increases with the event multiplicity in pp and pPb system but shows little variation with the multiplicity in PbPb system. In the case of the single freeze-out scenario, the difference between small systems (pp, pPb) and PbPb system becomes more evident. The high multiplicity PbPb events show higher degree of thermalization as compared to the events of pp and pPb systems. The trend of variation of the temperature in PbPb system with event multiplicity is opposite to what is found in the pp and pPb systems.
Optimal conditions and the dynamics of quantum memory for spatial frequency grating resonators
Creators: name: Perminov, N. S.
name: Petrovnin, K. V.
name: Kirillov, R. S.
name: Latypov, R. R.
name: Moiseev, S. A.
name: Sherstyukov, O. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The dynamics of the interaction between microcavities connected to a common waveguide in a multiresonator quantum memory circuit is investigated. Optimum conditions are identified for the use of quantum memory and a dynamic picture of the exchange of energy between different microcavities is obtained.
Sampling the proteome by emerging single-molecule and mass-spectrometry methods
Creators: name: MacCoss, Michael J.
name: Alfaro, Javier
name: Wanunu, Meni
name: Faivre, Danielle A.
name: Slavov, Nikolai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Mammalian cells have about 30,000-fold more protein molecules than mRNA molecules. This larger number of molecules and the associated larger dynamic range have major implications in the development of proteomics technologies. We examine these implications for both liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) and single-molecule counting and provide estimates on how many molecules are routinely measured in proteomics experiments by LC-MS/MS. We review strategies that have been helpful for counting billions of protein molecules by LC-MS/MS and suggest that these strategies can benefit single-molecule methods, especially in mitigating the challenges of the wide dynamic range of the proteome. We also examine the theoretical possibilities for scaling up single-molecule and mass spectrometry proteomics approaches to quantifying the billions of protein molecules that make up the proteomes of our cells.
description: Recorded presentation: https://youtu.be/w0IOgJrrvNM
Synchronization of phase oscillators on complex hypergraphs
Creators: name: Adhikari, Sabina
name: Restrepo, Juan G.
name: Skardal, Per Sebastian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the effect of structured higher-order interactions on the collective behavior of coupled phase oscillators. By combining a hypergraph generative model with dimensionality reduction techniques, we obtain a reduced system of differential equations for the system's order parameters. We illustrate our framework with the example of a hypergraph with hyperedges of sizes 2 (links) and 3 (triangles). For this case, we obtain a set of 2 coupled nonlinear algebraic equations for the order parameters. For strong values of coupling via triangles, the system exhibits bistability and explosive synchronization transitions. We find conditions that lead to bistability in terms of hypergraph properties and validate our predictions with numerical simulations. Our results provide a general framework to study synchronization of phase oscillators in hypergraphs, and they can be extended to hypergraphs with hyperedges of arbitrary sizes, dynamic-structural correlations, and other features.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures
Reproduction d’une gravure sur cuivre ou acier intitulée « Procession de la nuit du Jeudi Saint à Perpignan », face page 76 de l’ouvrage du Dr Carrère « Voyage pittoresque en France avec description de toutes ses provinces » (1787), appartenant à Henri Ribeil
Creators: name: Musée National Des Arts Et Traditions Populaires (Paris)
name: Centre D'ethnologie Française
Publisher: name: École des Hautes Études en Sciences Sociales; Institut  interdisciplinaire d'anthropologie du contemporain (Paris); Laboratoire d'anthropologie et d'histoire de l'institution de la culture (Paris)
Year: 2022

Abstract
One-loop off-shell amplitudes from classical equations of motion
Creators: name: Gomez, Humberto
name: Jusinskas, Renann Lipinski
name: Lopez-Arcos, Cristhiam
name: Velez, Alexander Quintero
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this letter we present a recursive method for computing one-loop off-shell amplitudes in colored quantum field theories. First, we generalize the perturbiner method by recasting the multiparticle currents as generators of off-shell tree level amplitudes. After, by taking advantage of the underlying color structure, we define a consistent sewing procedure to iteratively compute the one-loop integrands. When gauge symmetries are involved, the whole procedure is extended to multiparticle solutions involving ghosts, which can then be accounted for in the full loop computation. Since the required input here is equations of motion and gauge symmetry, our framework naturally extends to one-loop computations in certain non-Lagrangian field theories.
description: 7 pages. v2: clarifications and references added. Matches published version. v3: cyclic completion rule of equation (1.4) restored as in v1, supersedes the published version
Localized Sparse Incomplete Multi-view Clustering
Creators: name: Liu, Chengliang
name: Wu, Zhihao
name: Wen, Jie
name: Huang, Chao
name: Xu, Yong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Incomplete multi-view clustering, which aims to solve the clustering problem on the incomplete multi-view data with partial view missing, has received more and more attention in recent years. Although numerous methods have been developed, most of the methods either cannot flexibly handle the incomplete multi-view data with arbitrary missing views or do not consider the negative factor of information imbalance among views. Moreover, some methods do not fully explore the local structure of all incomplete views. To tackle these problems, this paper proposes a simple but effective method, named localized sparse incomplete multi-view clustering (LSIMVC). Different from the existing methods, LSIMVC intends to learn a sparse and structured consensus latent representation from the incomplete multi-view data by optimizing a sparse regularized and novel graph embedded multi-view matrix factorization model. Specifically, in such a novel model based on the matrix factorization, a l1 norm based sparse constraint is introduced to obtain the sparse low-dimensional individual representations and the sparse consensus representation. Moreover, a novel local graph embedding term is introduced to learn the structured consensus representation. Different from the existing works, our local graph embedding term aggregates the graph embedding task and consensus representation learning task into a concise term. Furthermore, to reduce the imbalance factor of incomplete multi-view learning, an adaptive weighted learning scheme is introduced to LSIMVC. Finally, an efficient optimization strategy is given to solve the optimization problem of our proposed model. Comprehensive experimental results performed on six incomplete multi-view databases verify that the performance of our LSIMVC is superior to the state-of-the-art IMC approaches. The code is available in https://github.com/justsmart/LSIMVC.
description: Published in IEEE Transactions on Multimedia (TMM). The code is available at Github https://github.com/justsmart/LSIMVC
Disentangling modular Walker-Wang models via fermionic invertible boundaries
Creators: name: Bauer, Andreas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Walker-Wang models are fixed-point models of topological order in $3+1$ dimensions constructed from a braided fusion category. For a modular input category $\mathcal M$, the model itself is invertible and is believed to be in a trivial topological phase, whereas its standard boundary is supposed to represent a $2+1$-dimensional chiral phase. In this work we explicitly show triviality of the model by constructing an invertible domain wall to vacuum as well as a disentangling generalized local unitary circuit in the case where $\mathcal M$ is a Drinfeld center. Moreover, we show that if we allow for fermionic (auxiliary) degrees of freedom inside the disentangling domain wall or circuit, the model becomes trivial for a larger class of modular fusion categories, namely those in the Witt classes generated by the Ising UMTC. In the appendices, we also discuss general (non-invertible) boundaries of general Walker-Wang models and describe a simple axiomatization of extended TQFT in terms of tensors.
description: v3: Version published in PRB
WASP-167b/KELT-13b: Joint discovery of a hot Jupiter transiting a rapidly-rotating F1V star
Creators: name: Temple, L. Y.
name: Hellier, C.
name: Albrow, M. D.
name: Anderson, D. R.
name: Bayliss, D.
name: Beatty, T. G.
name: Bieryla, A.
name: Brown, D. J. A.
name: Cargile, P. A.
name: Cameron, A. Collier
name: Collins, K. A.
name: Colón, K. D.
name: Curtis, I. A.
name: D'Ago, G.
name: Delrez, L.
name: Eastman, J.
name: Gaudi, B. S.
name: Gillon, M.
name: Gregorio, J.
name: James, D.
name: Jehin, E.
name: Joner, M. D.
name: Kielkopf, J. F.
name: Kuhn, R. B.
name: Labadie-Bartz, J.
name: Latham, D. W.
name: Lendl, M.
name: Lund, M. B.
name: Malpas, A. L.
name: Maxted, P. F. L.
name: Myers, G.
name: Oberst, T. E.
name: Pepe, F.
name: Pepper, J.
name: Pollacco, D.
name: Queloz, D.
name: Rodriguez, J. E.
name: Ségransan, D.
name: Siverd, R. J.
name: Smalley, B.
name: Stassun, K. G.
name: Stevens, D. J.
name: Stockdale, C.
name: Tan, T. G.
name: Triaud, A. H. M. J.
name: Udry, S.
name: Villanueva, S.
name: West, R. G.
name: Zhou, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the joint WASP/KELT discovery of WASP-167b/KELT-13b, a transiting hot Jupiter with a 2.02-d orbit around a $V$ = 10.5, F1V star with [Fe/H] = 0.1 $\pm$ 0.1. The 1.5 R$_{\rm Jup}$ planet was confirmed by Doppler tomography of the stellar line profiles during transit. We place a limit of $
description: 11 pages, 8 figures, accepted by MNRAS
High density array of epitaxial BiFeO3 nanodots with robust and reversibly switchable topological domain states
Creators: name: Li, Zhongwen
name: Wang, Yujia
name: Tian, Guo
name: Li, Peilian
name: Zhao, Lina
name: Zhang, Fengyuan
name: Yao, Junxiang
name: Fan, Hua
name: Song, Xiao
name: Chen, Deyang
name: Fan, Zhen
name: Qin, Minghui
name: Zeng, Min
name: Zhang, Zhang
name: Lu, Xubing
name: Hu, Shejun
name: Lei, Chihou
name: Zhu, Qingfeng
name: Li, Jiangyu
name: Gao, Xingsen
name: Liu, Jun-Ming
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The exotic topological domains in ferroelectrics and multiferroics have attracted extensive interest in recent years due to their novel functionalities and potential applications in nanoelectronic devices. One of the key challenges for such applications is a realization of robust yet reversibly switchable nanoscale topological domain states with high density, wherein spontaneous topological structures can be individually addressed and controlled. This has been accomplished in our work using high density arrays of epitaxial BiFeO3 (BFO) nanodots with lateral size as small as ~60 nm. We demonstrate various types of spontaneous topological domain structures, including center-convergent domains, center-divergent domains, and double-center domains, which are stable over sufficiently long time yet can be manipulated and reversibly switched by electric field. The formation mechanisms of these topological domain states, assisted by the accumulation of compensating charges on the surface, have also been revealed. These result demonstrated that these reversibly switchable topological domain arrays are promising for applications in high density nanoferroelectric devices such as nonvolatile memories
description: 5 figures, 18 pages, plus supplementary materials
Deep Learning-enabled Spatial Phase Unwrapping for 3D Measurement
Creators: name: Luo, Xiaolong
name: Song, Wanzhong
name: Bai, Songlin
name: Li, Yu
name: Zhao, Zhihe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: I.4.5

description: In terms of 3D imaging speed and system cost, the single-camera system projecting single-frequency patterns is the ideal option among all proposed Fringe Projection Profilometry (FPP) systems. This system necessitates a robust spatial phase unwrapping (SPU) algorithm. However, robust SPU remains a challenge in complex scenes. Quality-guided SPU algorithms need more efficient ways to identify the unreliable points in phase maps before unwrapping. End-to-end deep learning SPU methods face generality and interpretability problems. This paper proposes a hybrid method combining deep learning and traditional path-following for robust SPU in FPP. This hybrid SPU scheme demonstrates better robustness than traditional quality-guided SPU methods, better interpretability than end-to-end deep learning scheme, and generality on unseen data. Experiments on the real dataset of multiple illumination conditions and multiple FPP systems differing in image resolution, the number of fringes, fringe direction, and optics wavelength verify the effectiveness of the proposed method.
description: 26 pages
Global band topology of simple and double Dirac-point (semi-)metals
Creators: name: Bouhon, Adrien
name: Black-Schaffer, Annica
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We combine space group representation theory together with scanning of closed subdomains of the Brillouin zone with Wilson loops to algebraically determine global band structure topology. Considering space group #19 as a case study, we show that the energy ordering of the irreducible representations at the high-symmetry points $\{Γ,S,T,U\}$ fully determines the global band topology, with all topological classes characterized through their simple and double Dirac-points.
description: 22 pages, 11 figures, to appear in Phys. Rev. B: Rapid Communications
Growth and Evolution of Secondary Volcanic Atmospheres: II. The Importance of Kinetics
Creators: name: Liggins, Philippa
name: Jordan, Sean
name: Rimmer, Paul B.
name: Shorttle, Oliver
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Volcanism is a major and long-term source of volatile elements such as C and H to Earth's atmosphere, likely has been to Venus's atmosphere, and may be for exoplanets. Models simulating volcanic growth of atmospheres often make one of two assumptions: either that atmospheric speciation is set by the high-temperature equilibrium of volcanism; or, that volcanic gases thermochemically re-equilibrate to the new, lower, temperature of the surface environment. In the latter case it has been suggested that volcanic atmospheres may create biosignature false positives. Here, we test the assumptions underlying such inferences by performing chemical kinetic calculations to estimate the relaxation timescale of volcanically-derived atmospheres to thermochemical equilibrium, in a simple 0D atmosphere neglecting photochemistry and reaction catalysis. We demonstrate that for planets with volcanic atmospheres, thermochemical equilibrium over geological timescales can only be assumed if the atmospheric temperature is above ~700K. Slow chemical kinetics at lower temperatures inhibit the relaxation of redox-sensitive species to low-temperature thermochemical equilibrium, precluding the production of two independent biosignatures through thermochemistry alone: 1. ammonia, and 2. the co-occurrence of CO$_2$ and CH$_4$ in an atmosphere in the absence of CO. This supports the use of both biosignatures for detecting life. Quenched at the high temperature of their degassing, volcanic gases also have speciations characteristic of those produced from a more oxidized mantle, if interpreted as being at thermochemical equilibrium. This therefore complicates linking atmospheres to the interiors of rocky exoplanets, even when their atmospheres are purely volcanic in origin.
description: Accepted by JGR: Planets
Electrical 2π phase control of infrared light in a 350nm footprint using graphene plasmons
Creators: name: Woessner, Achim
name: Gao, Yuanda
name: Torre, Iacopo
name: Lundeberg, Mark B.
name: Tan, Cheng
name: Watanabe, Kenji
name: Taniguchi, Takashi
name: Hillenbrand, Rainer
name: Hone, James
name: Polini, Marco
name: Koppens, Frank H. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Modulating the amplitude and phase of light is at the heart of many applications such as wavefront shaping, transformation optics, phased arrays, modulators and sensors. Performing this task with high efficiency and small footprint is a formidable challenge. Metasurfaces and plasmonics are promising , but metals exhibit weak electro-optic effects. Two-dimensional materials, such as graphene, have shown great performance as modulators with small drive voltages. Here we show a graphene plasmonic phase modulator which is capable of tuning the phase between 0 and 2π in situ. With a footprint of 350nm it is more than 30 times smaller than the 10.6$μ$m free space wavelength. The modulation is achieved by spatially controlling the plasmon phase velocity in a device where the spatial carrier density profile is tunable. We provide a scattering theory for plasmons propagating through spatial density profiles. This work constitutes a first step towards two-dimensional transformation optics for ultra-compact modulators and biosensing.
The Quantum Twisting Microscope
Creators: name: Inbar, Alon
name: Birkbeck, John
name: Xiao, Jiewen
name: Taniguchi, Takashi
name: Watanabe, Kenji
name: Yan, Binghai
name: Oreg, Yuval
name: Stern, Ady
name: Berg, Erez
name: Ilani, Shahal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The invention of scanning probe microscopy has revolutionized the way electronic phenomena are visualized. While present-day probes can access a variety of electronic properties at a single location in space, a scanning microscope that can directly probe the quantum mechanical existence of an electron at multiple locations would provide direct access to key quantum properties of electronic systems, so far unreachable. Here, we demonstrate a conceptually new type of scanning probe microscope - the Quantum Twisting Microscope (QTM) - capable of performing local interference experiments at its tip. The QTM is based on a unique van-der-Waals tip, allowing the creation of pristine 2D junctions, which provide a multitude of coherently-interfering paths for an electron to tunnel into a sample. With the addition of a continuously scanned twist angle between the tip and sample, this microscope probes electrons in momentum space similar to the way a scanning tunneling microscope probes electrons in real space. Through a series of experiments, we demonstrate room temperature quantum coherence at the tip, study the twist angle evolution of twisted bilayer graphene, directly image the energy bands of monolayer and twisted bilayer graphene, and finally, apply large local pressures while visualizing the evolution of the flat energy bands of the latter. The QTM opens the way for novel classes of experiments on quantum materials.
Amplitudes, Hopf algebras and the colour-kinematics duality
Creators: name: Brandhuber, Andreas
name: Brown, Graham R.
name: Chen, Gang
name: Gowdy, Joshua
name: Travaglini, Gabriele
name: Wen, Congkao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It was recently proposed that the kinematic algebra featuring in the colour-kinematics duality for scattering amplitudes in heavy-mass effective field theory (HEFT) and Yang-Mills theory is a quasi-shuffle Hopf algebra. The associated fusion product determines the structure of the Bern-Carrasco-Johansson (BCJ) numerators, which are manifestly gauge invariant and with poles corresponding to heavy-particle exchange. In this work we explore the deep connections between the quasi-shuffle algebra and general physical properties of the scattering amplitudes. First, after proving the double-copy form for gravitational HEFT amplitudes, we show that the coproducts of the kinematic algebra are in correspondence with factorisations of BCJ numerators on massive poles. We then study an extension of the standard quasi-shuffle Hopf algebra to a non-abelian version describing BCJ numerators with all possible gluon orderings. This is achieved by tensoring the original algebra with a particular Hopf algebra of orderings. In this extended version, a specific choice of the coproduct in the algebra of orderings leads to an antipode in the resulting Hopf algebra that has the interpretation of reversing the gluons' order within each BCJ numerator.
description: 51 pages, minor corrections, version accepted to JHEP
title: Development Assistance for Health in Tanzania: Has the Sector Wide Approach achieved the principles of aid
effectiveness?
Creators: name: Martinez-alvarez, Melisa
Publisher: name: London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine
Year: 2014

description: Increasing levels of development assistance have been coupled with increased attention to its effectiveness, resulting in a series of international declarations outlining an agenda of five principles of aid effectiveness: ownership, alignment, harmonisation, management for results and mutual accountability. This PhD thesis examines whether the Tanzanian health Sector Wide Approach (SWAP) has achieved these principles.
It uses a case study approach, mixing quantitative and qualitative methods. It first maps out the health policy and financial landscape of Tanzania since the introduction of the SWAP.
The thesis then explores the international aid effectiveness agenda and develops a set of indicators to assess its achievement in the Tanzanian health SWAP. This includes analysing external and domestic health financing flows over the last ten years; document review of key processes and in-depth interviews. The application of this indicator framework shows mixed results. Better progress is found towards indicators from international declarations,
which are based on having aid-management processes in place, than towards those developed as defined by local stakeholders. Institutional factors, including the incentives of the institutions and individuals involved in aid relationships, as well as the political context within which aid relationships take place, are found to be key in explaining these results. A political economy approach is then undertaken to characterise and explore these factors
further. Individual and institutional incentives are found to be unaligned with aid effectiveness principles. Furthermore, the structure of the SWAP is technocratic, excludes important stakeholders and does not fully reflect the political context and power dynamics of aid relationships. This thesis finds fatigue and disengagement with the SWAP and the aid effectiveness agenda, and recommends that the international community engage in SWAP as a process of institutional reform rather than just a technocratic solution to development assistance. Principles of aid effectiveness should allow for greater adaptation to national contexts. More research is needed to further integrate political and economic elements of frameworks to analyse aid relationships and deepen our understanding of how best to achieve institutional reform and improve aid effectiveness.
КОРРУПЦИЯВИЙ ЖИНОЯТЧИЛИКНИНГ САБАБЛАРИ, АҲОЛИ ҲУҚУҚИЙ ОНГИ ВА МАДАНИЯТИ ДАРАЖАСИНИНГ КОРРУПЦИЯВИЙ МУҲИТГА ТАЪСИРИ
Creators: name: Мелиев, Худоёр
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Ушбу тезисда коррупциявий жиноятларнинг содир этилиш сабаблари ва унга имкон берга шарт-шароитлар, шунингдек оларнинг профилактик жиҳатлари масаласига алоҳида тўхталиб ўтилган ва жамиятдаги коррупциявий муҳитга таъсир қилувчи омиллар хусусида фикр юритилган.