cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Competing 4f-electron dynamics in Ce(Ru1-xFex)2Al10 (x=0 to 1): magnetic ordering emerging from the Kondo semiconducting state
Creators: name: Adroja, D. T.
name: Hillier, A. D.
name: Muro, Y.
name: Kajino, J.
name: Takabatake, T.
name: Peratheepan, P.
name: Strydom, A. M.
name: Deen, P. P.
name: Demmel, F.
name: Stewart, J. R.
name: Taylor, J. W.
name: Smith, R. I.
name: Ramos, S.
name: Adams, M. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have carried out muon spin relaxation (muSR), neutron diffraction and inelastic neutron scattering (INS) investigations on polycrystalline samples of Ce(Ru1-xFex)2Al10 (x=0, 0.3, 0.5, 0.8 and 1) to investigate the nature of the ground state (magnetic ordered versus paramagnetic) and the origin of the spin gap formation as evident from the bulk measurements in the end members. Our zero-field muSR spectra clearly reveal coherent two-frequency oscillations at low temperature in x=0, 0.3 and 0.5 samples, which confirms the long-range magnetic ordering of the Ce-moment with TN=27, 26 and 21 K respectively. On the other hand the muSR spectra of x=0.8 and x=1 down to 1.4 K and 0.045 K, respectively exhibit a temperature independent Kubo-Toyabe term confirming a paramagnetic ground state. The long-range magnetic ordering in x=0.5 below 21 K has been confirmed through the neutron diffraction study. INS measurements of x=0 clearly reveal the presence of a sharp inelastic excitation near 8 meV between 5 K and 26 K, due to an opening of a gap in the spin excitation spectrum, which transforms into a broad response at and above 30 K. Interestingly, at 4.5 K the spin gap excitation broadens in x=0.3 and exhibits two clear peaks at 8.4(3) and 12.0(5) meV in x=0.5. In the x=0.8 sample, which remains paramagnetic down to 1.2 K, there is a clear signature of a spin gap of 10-12 meV at 7 K, with a strong Q-dependent intensity. Evidence of a spin gap of 12.5(5) meV has also been found in x=1. The observation of a spin gap in the paramagnetic samples (x=0.8 and 1) is an interesting finding in this study and it challenges our understanding of the origin of the semiconducting gap in CeT2Al10 (T=Ru and Os) compounds in terms of hybridization gap opening only a small part of the Fermi surface, gapped spin waves, or a spin-dimer gap.
description: 40 pages, 18 figures, Phys. Rev. B accepted for publication (2013)
Comparing Different Uncertainty Measures to Quantify Measurement Uncertainties in High School Science Experiments
Creators: name: Kok, Karel
name: Priemer, Burkhard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Physics Education (physics.ed-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Interpreting experimental data in high school experiments can be a difficult task for students, especially when there is large variation in the data. At the same time, calculating the standard deviation poses a challenge for students. In this article, we look at alternative uncertainty measures to describe the variation in data sets. A comparison is done in terms of mathematical complexity and statistical quality. The determination of mathematical complexity is based on different mathematics curricula. The statistical quality is determined using a Monte Carlo simulation in which these uncertainty measures are compared to the standard deviation. Results indicate that an increase in complexity goes hand in hand with quality. Additionally, we propose a sequence of these uncertainty measures with increasing mathematical complexity and increasing quality. As such, this work provides a theoretical background to implement uncertainty measures suitable for different educational levels.
description: 9 pages, 4 figures, 1 table
Accelerated functional brain aging in major depressive disorder: evidence from a large scale fMRI analysis of Chinese participants
Creators: name: Luo, Yunsong
name: Chen, Wenyu
name: Qiu, Jiang
name: Jia, Tao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Major depressive disorder (MDD) is one of the most common mental health conditions that has been intensively investigated for its association with brain atrophy and mortality. Recent studies reveal that the deviation between the predicted and the chronological age can be a marker of accelerated brain aging to characterize MDD. However, current conclusions are usually drawn based on structural MRI information collected from Caucasian participants. The universality of this biomarker needs to be further validated by subjects with different ethnic/racial backgrounds and by different types of data. Here we make use of the REST-meta-MDD, a large scale resting-state fMRI dataset collected from multiple cohort participants in China. We develop a stacking machine learning model based on 1101 healthy controls, which estimates a subject's chronological age from fMRI with promising accuracy. The trained model is then applied to 1276 MDD patients from 24 sites. We observe that MDD patients exhibit a $+4.43$ years ($\text{$p$} < 0.0001$, $\text{Cohen's $d$} = 0.35$, $\text{95\% CI}:1.86 - 3.91$) higher brain-predicted age difference (brain-PAD) compared to controls. In the MDD subgroup, we observe a statistically significant $+2.09$ years ($\text{$p$} < 0.05$, $\text{Cohen's $d$} = 0.134483$) brain-PAD in antidepressant users compared to medication-free patients. The statistical relationship observed is further checked by three different machine learning algorithms. The positive brain-PAD observed in participants in China confirms the presence of accelerated brain aging in MDD patients. The utilization of functional brain connectivity for age estimation verifies existing findings from a new dimension.
description: 32 pages,13 figures
Resultative and stative verbs
Creators: name: Tooji, Hiroshi
name: Davis, Chris
name: Lau-Preechathammarach, Raksit Tyler
name: Takubo, Yukinori
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2024
Subjects: Ssabu-muni language

description: 4 WAV files, 1 EAF file, 1 TXT file.
Asbesto: ¿un peligro silencioso? Parte 2: Intentos de prohibición del uso de asbesto en Colombia
Creators: name: Guerrero Bernal, Juan Carlos
name: Torres Uribe, Ana María
name: Trujillo Terán, Johana
name: Quecho Mayorga, Daviana
name: Gómez Perilla, Yarol
name: Camacho Muñoz, Mariana
name: Ruíz Casas, Erika
name: Moreno Huerfano, Sergio
name: Babilonia Taboada, María Camila
name: Heredia Cuellar, Laura
Publisher: name: Universidad del Rosario
Year: 2019

description: Históricamente, el asbesto ha sido utilizado en diferentes sectores, como el automotriz y el de la construcción, por sus condiciones de aislante, su resistencia a altas temperaturas y su bajo costo. Ahora bien, durante todo el siglo XX, pero sobre todo a partir de la década de los ochenta, numerosos estudios médicos y epidemiológicos a nivel internacional demostraron la relación que existe entre la exposición a esta fibra mineral y el desarrollo de algunas enfermedades en los seres humanos, principalmente enfermedades pulmonares. Por esta razón, desde la década de los setenta, algunos gobiernos en distintos países iniciaron un proceso tanto de regulación como de prohibición de la explotación, uso y comercialización del asbesto.
Tsallis entropy composition and the Heisenberg group
Creators: name: Kalogeropoulos, Nikos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an embedding of the Tsallis entropy into the 3-dimensional Heisenberg group, in order to understand the meaning of generalized independence as encoded in the Tsallis entropy composition property. We infer that the Tsallis entropy composition induces fractal properties on the underlying Euclidean space. Using a theorem of Milnor/Wolf/Tits/Gromov, we justify why the underlying configuration/phase space of systems described by the Tsallis entropy has polynomial growth for both discrete and Riemannian cases. We provide a geometric framework that elucidates Abe's formula for the Tsallis entropy, in terms the Pansu derivative of a map between sub-Riemannian spaces.
description: 26 pages, No figures, LaTeX2e. To be published in Int. J. Geom. Methods Mod. Physics
Spin locking at the apex of nano-scale platinum tips
Creators: name: Korytar, Richard
name: Evers, Ferdinand
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Nanostructures based on platinum, such as small clusters or STM-tips, often exhibit an atomistic structure that relies upon one or very few strongly under-coordinated platinum atoms. Here, we analyze a paradigmatic example, an apex atom on a pyramidal platinum cluster employing the density functional theory. We show that such a pristine platinum tip exhibits a spin polarization of the apex atom with a remarkable robustness. Due to a depletion of the projected density of states at the apex position, the apex-magnetization is efficiently locked to about 0.6$μ_\text{B}$.
Additional file 1 of Expansion of India’s national child healthcare programme, Rashtriya Bal Swasthya Karyakram (RBSK), for rare disease management : a health policy perspective
Creators: name: Chaube, Pragya
name: Singh, Arun K.
name: Choudhury, Mohua Chakraborty
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Supplementary Material 1
Planar equilibria of an elastic rod wrapped around a circular capstan
Creators: name: Singh, Harmeet
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a study on planar equilibria of a terminally loaded elastic rod wrapped around a rigid circular capstan. Both frictionless and frictional contact between the rod and the capstan are considered. We identify three cases of frictionless contact -- namely where the rod touches the capstan at one point, along a continuous arc, and at two points. We show that, in contrast to a fully flexible filament, an elastic rod of \emph{finite length} wrapped around a capstan does not require friction to support unequal loads at its two ends. Furthermore, we classify rod equilibria corresponding to the three aforementioned cases in a limit where the length of the rod is much larger than the radius of the capstan. In the same limit, we incorporate frictional interaction between the rod and the capstan, and compute limiting equilibria of the rod. Our solution to the frictional case fully generalizes the \emph{classic capstan problem} to include the effects of finite thickness and bending elasticity of a flexible filament wrapped around a circular capstan.
description: Final published version
Pauli component erasing quantum channels
Creators: name: de Leon, Jose Alfredo
name: Fonseca, Alejandro
name: Leyvraz, Francois
name: Davalos, David
name: Pineda, Carlos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Decoherence of quantum systems is described by quantum channels. However, a complete understanding of such channels, especially in the multi-particle setting, is still an ongoing difficult task. We propose the family of quantum maps that preserve or completely erase the components of a multi-qubit system in the basis of Pauli strings, which we call Pauli component erasing maps. For the corresponding channels, it is shown that the preserved components can be interpreted as a finite vector subspace, from which we derive several properties and complete the characterization. Moreover, we show that the obtained family of channels forms a semigroup and derive its generators. We use this simple structure to determine physical implementations and connect the obtained family of channels with Markovian processes.
description: 12 pages, 5 figures
Temperature determined by isobaric yield ratio in heavy-ion collisions
Creators: name: Ma, C. W.
name: Pu, J.
name: Ma, Y. G.
name: Wada, R.
name: Wang, S. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This work focuses on the study of temperature associated with the final heavy fragments in reactions induced by both the neutron-proton symmetric and the neutron-rich projectiles, and with incident energy ranges from 60$A$ MeV to 1$A$ GeV. Isobaric yield ratio (IYR) is used to determine the temperature of heavy fragments. Cross sections of measured fragment in reactions are analyzed, and a modified statistical abrasion-ablation (SAA) model is used to calculate the yield of fragment in 140$A$ MeV $^{64}$Ni + $^{9}$Be and 1$A$ GeV $^{136}$Xe + $^{208}$Pb reactions. Relatively low $T$ of heavy fragments are obtained in different reactions ($T$ ranges from 1 to 3MeV). $T$ is also found to depend on the neutron-richness of the projectile. The incident energy affects $T$ very little. $Δμ/T$ (the ratio of the difference between the chemical potential of neutron and proton to temperature) is found to increase linearly as $N/Z$ of projectile increases. It is found that $T$ of the $^{48}$Ca reaction, for which IYRs are of $A<50$ isobars, is affected greatly by the temperature-corrected $ΔB(T)$. But $T$ of reactions using IYRs of heavier fragments are only slightly affected by the temperature-corrected $ΔB(T)$. The SAA model analysis gives a consistent overview of the results extracted in this work. $T$ from IYR, which is for secondary fragment, is different from that of the hot emitting source. $T$ and $Δμ$ are essentially governed by the sequential decay process.
description: 7 pages, 6 figures
Condensation and thermalization of an easy-plane ferromagnet in a spinor Bose gas
Creators: name: Prüfer, Maximilian
name: Spitz, Daniel
name: Lannig, Stefan
name: Strobel, Helmut
name: Berges, Jürgen
name: Oberthaler, Markus K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The extensive control of spin makes spintronics a promising candidate for future scalable quantum devices. For the generation of spin-superfluid systems, a detailed understanding of the build-up of coherence and relaxation is necessary. However, to determine the relevant parameters for robust coherence properties and faithfully witnessing thermalization, the direct access to space- and time-resolved spin observables is needed. Here, we study the thermalization of an easy-plane ferromagnet employing a homogeneous one-dimensional spinor Bose gas. Building on the pristine control of preparation and readout we demonstrate the dynamic emergence of long-range coherence for the spin field and verify spin-superfluidity by experimentally testing Landau's criterion. We reveal the structure of the emergent quasi-particles: one 'massive'(Higgs) mode, and two 'massless' (Goldstone) modes - a consequence of explicit and spontaneous symmetry breaking, respectively. Our experiments allow for the first time to observe the thermalization of an easy-plane ferromagnetic Bose gas; we find agreement for the relevant momentum-resolved observables with a thermal prediction obtained from an underlying microscopic model within the Bogoliubov approximation. Our methods and results pave the way towards a quantitative understanding of condensation dynamics in large magnetic spin systems and the study of the role of entanglement and topological excitations for its thermalization.
Structure and magnetism of disordered carbon
Creators: name: Akhukov, M. A.
name: Katsnelson, M. I.
name: Fasolino, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Motivated by the observation of ferromagnetism in carbon foams, a massive search for (meta)stable disorder structures of elemental carbon is performed by a generate and test approach. We use the Density Functional based program SIESTA to optimize the structures and calculate the electronic spectra and spin densities. About 1% of the 24000 optimized structures presents magnetic moments, a necessary but not sufficient condition for intrinsic magnetic order. We analyze the results using elements of graph theory. Although the relation between structure and the occurrence of magnetic moments is not yet fully clarified, we give some minimal requirements for this possibility, such as the existence of three-fold coordinated atoms surrounded by four-fold coordinated atoms. We discuss in detail the most promising structures.
description: 14 pages, 11 figures
Example-Driven Question Answering
Creators: name: Wang, Di
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 89999 Information and Computing Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Open-domain question answering (QA) is an emerging information-seeking paradigm, which automatically generates accurate and concise answers to natural language questions from humans. It becomes one of the most natural and efficient ways to interact with the web and especially desirable in hands-free speech-enabled environments. Building QA systems, however, either has to rely on off-the-shelf natural language processing tools that are not optimized for the QA task or train domain-specific modules (e.g., question type classification) with annotated data. Additionally, optimizing QA systems with hand-crafted procedures or feature engineering is costly, timeconsuming and laborious to transfer to new domains and languages. This dissertation studies the idea of example-driven question answering, which focuses on learning to search, select, and generate answers to unseen questions solely by observing existing noisy question-answer examples along with text corpus or knowledge base. To achieve this goal, we developed novel neural network architectures throughout the QA pipeline, that can be trained directly from question-answer examples. First, we propose candidate retrieval models that can utilize noisy signals to produce dense indexing for text corpus and generate structured queries for knowledge graphs. Second, we developed generative relevance models that do not require annotated negative QA pairs and discriminative relevance models that can utilize pseudo negative examples. Third, we improved encoderdecoder models for response text generation which can accept external guidance for specific language style and topic. The integrated QA pipeline aims to generate answer-like embedding vectors to search, select the most relevant passages, and compose a natural-sounding response based on the selected passages. This dissertation demonstrates the feasibility of creating open-domain example-driven QA pipelines based on neural networks without any feature engineering or dedicated manual annotations for each QA module. Experiments show our models achieve state-of-the-art or competitive performance on several real-world ranking and generation tasks on domains of QA and conversation generation. When applying in the TREC LiveQA competitions, our approach received the highest average scores among automatic systems in main tasks of 2015, 2016 and 2017, and the highest average score in the medical subtask of 2017.
Online Supplement - Rest-exercise metabolomics in PAH
Creators: name: Simpson, Catherine
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Proteomics and metabolomics

description: This is an Online Supplement that accompanies the original research article: Simpson et al., Metabolic profiling of in vivo right ventricular function and exercise performance in pulmonary arterial hypertension, AJP Lung 2023.
The 617 MHz - $λ$ 850 $μ$m Correlation (Cosmic Rays and Cold Dust) in NGC 3044 and NGC 4157
Creators: name: Irwin, Judith A.
name: Brar, Rupinder S.
name: Saikia, D. J.
name: Henriksen, Richard N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the first maps of NGC 3044 and NGC 4157 at $λ\,450 μ$m and $λ\,850 μ$m from the JCMT as well as the first maps at 617 MHz from the GMRT. High latitude emission has been detected in both the radio continuum and sub-mm for NGC 3044 and in the radio continuum for NGC 4157, including several new features. The dust spectrum at long wavelengths required fitting with a two-temperature model for both galaxies, implying the presence of cold dust. Dust masses are $M_d\,=\,1.6\,\times\,10^8 M_\odot$ and $M_d\,=\,2.1\,\times\,10^7 M_\odot$ for NGC 3044 and NGC 4157, respectively, and are dominated by the cold component. There is a clear correlation between the 617 MHz and $λ\,850 μ$m emission in the two galaxies. In the case of NGC 3044, this implies a relation between the non-thermal synchrotron emission and cold dust. The 617 MHz component represents an integration of massive star formation over the past $10^{7-8}$ yr and the $λ\,850 μ$m emission represents heating from the diffuse interstellar radiation field (ISRF). The 617 MHz -- $λ\,850 μ$m correlation improves when a smoothing kernel is applied to the $λ\,850 μ$m data to account for differences between the CR electron diffusion scale and the mean free path of an ISRF photon to dust. The best-fit relation is $L_{617_{\rm MHz}}\,\propto\,{L_{850 μ{\rm m}}}^{2.1\,\pm\,0.2}$ for NGC 3044. If variations in the cold dust emissivity are dominated by variations in dust density, and the synchrotron emission depends on magnetic field strength (a function of gas density) as well as CR electron generation (a function of massive star formation rate and therefore density via the Schmidt law) then the expected correlation for NGC 3044 is $L_{617_{\rm MHz}}\,\propto\,{L_{850 μ{\rm m}}}^{2.2}$, in agreement with the observed correlation.
description: 19 pages; Figure 1 is included as an associated jpg file. Accepted to mnras
Boundary Effects on Quantum Entanglement and its Dynamics in a Detector-Field System
Creators: name: Zhou, Rong
name: Behunin, Ryan O.
name: Lin, Shih-Yuin
name: Hu, B. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we analyze an exactly solvable model consisting of an inertial Unruh-DeWitt detector which interacts linearly with a massless quantum field in Minkowski spacetime with a perfectly reflecting flat plane boundary. Firstly a set of coupled equations for the detector's and the field's Heisenberg operators are derived. Then we introduce the linear entropy as a measure of entanglement between the detector and the quantum field under mirror reflection, and solve the early-time detector-field entanglement dynamics. After coarse-graining the field, the dynamics of the detector's internal degree of freedom is described by a quantum Langevin equation, where the dissipation and noise kernels respectively correspond to the retarded Green's functions and Hadamard elementary functions of the free quantum field in a half space. At late times when the combined system is in a stationary state, we obtain exact expressions for the detector's covariance matrix and show that the detector-field entanglement decreases for smaller separation between the detector and the mirror. We explain the behavior of detector-field entanglement qualitatively with the help of a detector's mirror image, compare them with the case of two real detectors and explain the differences.
description: 22 pages, 2 figures. An expanded version of arXiv:1201.0541 where the boundary effects are expounded in greater details
Additional file 1 of Safety outcomes in patients with rheumatoid arthritis treated with abatacept: results from a multinational surveillance study across seven European registries
Creators: name: Dominique, Alyssa
name: Hetland, Merete Lund
name: Finckh, Axel
name: Gottenberg, Jacques-Eric
name: Iannone, Florenzo
name: Caporali, Roberto
name: Kou, Tzuyung Douglas
name: Nordstrom, Dan
name: Hernandez, Maria Victoria
name: Sánchez-Piedra, Carlos
name: Sánchez-Alonso, Fernando
name: Pavelka, Karel
name: Bond, T. Christopher
name: Simon, Teresa A.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1. Methods used to calculate patient-time of exposure and incidence rates for each individual registry included in the post-marketing epidemiology abatacept study.
Pitch accent in verbal suffixes -e and -é, Pear story transcription
Creators: name: Tau, Kiyoshi
name: Tau, Yone
name: Lau-Preechathammarach, Raksit Tyler
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2024
Subjects: Ssabu-muni language

description: 2 WAV files, 1 TXT file.
Event Extraction for Document-Level Structured Summarization
Creators: name: Hsi, Andrew
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 89999 Information and Computing Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Event extraction has been well studied for more than two decades, through both the lens of document-level and sentence-level event extraction. However, event extraction methods to date do not yet offer a satisfactory solution to providing concise, structured, document-level summaries of events in news articles. Prior work on document-level event extraction methods have focused on highly specific domains, often with great reliance on handcrafted rules. Such approaches do not generalize well to new domains. In contrast, sentence-level event extraction methods have applied to a much wider variety of domains, but generate output at such fine-grained details that they cannot offer good document-level summaries of events. In this thesis, we propose a new framework for extracting document-level event summaries called macro-events, unifying together aspects of both information extraction and text summarization. The goal of this work is to extract concise, structured representations of documents that can clearly outline the main event of interest and all the necessary argument fillers to describe the event. Unlike work in abstractive and extractive summarization, we seek to create template-based, structured summaries, rather than plain text summaries. We propose three novel methods to address the macro-event extraction task. First, we introduce a structured prediction model based on the Learning to Search framework for jointly learning argument fillers both across and within event argument slots. Second, we propose a multi-layer neural network that is trained directly on macro-event annotated data. Finally, we propose a deep learning method that treats the problem as machine comprehension, which does not require training with any on-domain macro-event labeled data. Our experimental results on a variety of domains show that such algorithms can achieve stronger performance on this task compared to existing baseline approaches. On average across all datasets, neural networks can achieve a 1.76% and 3.96% improvement on micro-averaged and macro-averaged F1 respectively over baseline approaches, while Learning to Search achieves a 3.87% and 5.10% improvement over baseline approaches on the same metrics. Furthermore, under scenarios of limited training data, we find that machine comprehension models can offer very strong performance compared to directly supervised algorithms, while requiring very little human effort to adapt to new domains.
Plateau regions for zero-bias peaks within 5% of the quantized conductance value $2e^2/h$
Creators: name: Wang, Zhaoyu
name: Song, Huading
name: Pan, Dong
name: Zhang, Zitong
name: Miao, Wentao
name: Li, Ruidong
name: Cao, Zhan
name: Zhang, Gu
name: Liu, Lei
name: Wen, Lianjun
name: Zhuo, Ran
name: Liu, Dong E.
name: He, Ke
name: Shang, Runan
name: Zhao, Jianhua
name: Zhang, Hao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Probing an isolated Majorana zero mode is predicted to reveal a tunneling conductance quantized at $2e^2/h$ at zero temperature. Experimentally, a zero-bias peak (ZBP) is expected and its height should remain robust against relevant parameter tuning, forming a quantized plateau. Here, we report the observation of large ZBPs in a thin InAs-Al hybrid nanowire device. The ZBP height can stick close to $2e^2/h$, mostly within $5\%$ tolerance, by sweeping gate voltages and magnetic field. We further map out the phase diagram and identify two plateau regions in the phase space. Despite the presence of disorder and quantum dots, our result constitutes a step forward towards establishing Majorana zero modes.
description: Raw data and processing codes within this paper are available at https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6546974
Unification of quantum resources in tripartite systems
Creators: name: Dong, Dong-Dong
name: Wei, Geng-Biao
name: Song, Xue-Ke
name: Wang, Dong
name: Ye, Liu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In quantum resource theories (QRTs), there exists evidences of intrinsic connections among different measures of quantum resources, including entanglement, coherence, quantum steering, and so on. However, building the relations among different quantum resources is a vital yet challenging task in multipartite quantum systems. Here, we focus on a unified framework of interpreting the interconversions among different quantum resources in tripartite systems. In particular, an exact relation between the generalized geometric measure and the genuinely multipartite concurrence are derived for tripartite entanglement states. Then we obtain the tradeoff relation between the first-order coherence and the genuine tripartite entanglement by the genuinely multipartite concurrence and concurrence fill. Furthermore, the tradeoff relation between the maximum steering inequality violation and concurrence fill for an arbitrary three-qubit pure state is found. In addition, we investigate the close relation between the maximum steering inequality violation and the first-order coherence. The results show that these quantum resources are intrinsic related and can be converted to each other in the framework of QRTs, although they are still regarded to be different.
description: 12 pages, 5 figures
Ab initio calculation of the local magnetic moment in titanium doped zinc oxide with a corrected-band-gap scheme
Creators: name: Shao, Bin
name: Liu, Hong
name: Wu, Jian
name: Zuo, Xu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The local magnetic moment of Ti:ZnO is calculated from first principles by using the corrected-band-gap scheme (CBGS). The results shows that the system is magnetic with the magnetization of 0.699 $μ_B$ per dopant. The origin of the local magnetic moment is considered to be the impurity band partially occupied by the donor electrons in the conduction band. Further, the impacts of applying Hubbard U to Ti-d orbital on the magnetic moment have been investigated.
Desarrollo de un sistema de gestión de conocimiento, seguimiento y control para proyectos de alianzas público-privadas en el sector de alumbrado público
Creators: name: Beltran Bello, Yineth Carolina
name: Neira Murillo, Claudia Raquel
Publisher: name: Universidad del Rosario
Year: 2023

description: El presente documento plantea el desarrollo de un sistema de gestión de conocimiento, seguimiento y control para proyectos de APP en el sector de alumbrado público, como solución a la problemática empresarial experimentada por la compañía PROYECTA S.A.S, quien dadas la exigencias y demandas tecnológicas del mercado y las características  propias  de los proyectos a su cargo,  requiere soluciones efectivas para el manejo de volúmenes significativos de información, generación de alertas oportunas,  disponibilidad de sistemas e indicadores de control y seguimiento, y herramientas de apoyo a la gestión que soporten la toma de decisiones y que garanticen una adecuada articulación de procesos que permitan maximizar los resultados. De acuerdo con lo anterior, a través de la comprensión detallada del sector, la firma y la problemática experimentada, se identifica con base en la evaluación de problemas, pruebas y necesidades; la alternativa de solución capaz de corregir las debilidades existentes y posibilitar en el tiempo no solo la atención de la problemática interna, sino habilitar la construcción de nuevas posibilidades de negocio. Así, se implementa como solución a la problemática empresarial  una oficina de proyectos -PMO y un software de gestión de procesos y tableros de control, los cuales optimizan la tecnificación y articulación de los procesos de la compañía,  permitiendo la atención de las necesidades identificadas al:  i) Contar con la información de los proyectos en tiempo real, ii) Generar alertas de manera oportuna, iii) Obtener informes gerenciales de gestión integral, iv) Construir y alimentar el banco de lecciones aprendidas, v) Generar en línea tableros de control y seguimiento por proyecto, vi) Facilitar el seguimiento a los indicadores de gestión a través de la creación de un cuadro de mando integral; soportando y garantizado la oportunidad, efectividad y asertividad  en los procesos y en  la  toma de decisiones involucradas en el ejercicio del objeto social de la compañía.
A Binary Study of Colour-Magnitude Diagrams of 12 Globular Clusters
Creators: name: Li, Zhongmu
name: Mao, Caiyan
name: Li, Ruheng
name: Li, Ruxi
name: Li, Maocai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Binary stars are common in star clusters and galaxies, but the detailed effects of binary evolution are not taken into account in some colour-magnitude diagram (CMD) studies. This paper studies the CMDs of twelve globular clusters via binary-star stellar populations. The observational CMDs of star clusters are compared to those of binary-star populations, and then the stellar metallicities, ages, distances and reddening values of these star clusters are obtained. The paper also tests the different effects of binary and single stars on CMD studies. It is shown that binaries can fit the observational CMDs of the sample globular clusters better compared to single stars. This suggests that the effects of binary evolution should be considered when modeling the CMDs and stellar populations of star clusters and galaxies.
Can the Distance-Redshift Relation Be Determined from Correlations Between Luminosities?
Creators: name: Petrosian, V.
name: Singal, J.
name: Mutchnick, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore whether an independent determination of the distance-redshift relation, and hence cosmological model parameters, can be obtained from the apparent correlations between two different waveband luminosities or fluxes, as has been claimed in recent works using the X-ray and ultraviolet luminosities and fluxes of quasars. We show that such an independent determination is possible only if the correlation between luminosities is obtained independent of the cosmological model, and measured fluxes and redshifts; for example, being based on sound theoretical models or unrelated observations. In particular, we show that if the correlation is determined empirically from two luminosities obtained from fluxes and redshifts, then the method suffers from circularity. In case, as claimed in recent works, the observed correlation between fluxes in very narrow redshift bins are used as proxy for the luminosity correlation, then we show that one is dealing with a pure tautology with no information on distances and cosmological model. We argue that the problem arises because of the incomplete treatment of the correlation and we use numerical methods with a joint X-ray and ultraviolet quasar data set to demonstrate this shortcoming.
description: 6 pages, 2 figures, updated to version accepted to ApJL, typos and misformattings removed
Coherent beam shaping using two-dimensional photonic crystals
Creators: name: Gagnon, Denis
name: Dumont, Joey
name: Dubé, Louis J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Optical devices based on photonic crystals such as waveguides, lenses and beam-shapers, have received considerable theoretical and experimental attention in recent years. The production of these devices has been facilitated by the wide availability of silicon-on-insulator fabrication techniques. In this theoretical work, we show the possibility to design a coherent PhC-based beam-shaper. The basic photonic geometry used is a 2D square lattice of air holes in a high-index dielectric core. We formulate the beam shaping problem in terms of objective functions related to the amplitude and phase profile of the generated beam. We then use a parallel tabu search algorithm to minimize the two objectives simultaneously. Our results show that optimization of several attributes in integrated photonics design is well within reach of current algorithms.
description: 15th International Conference on Transparent Optical Networks (2013)
Safe Deposit Boxes in Islamic and Conventional Financial Institutions: Library Research and VOSviewer Bibliometrics
Creators: name: Faiz, Mochamad Wildan
name: Budianto, Eka Wahyu Hestya
name: Dewi, Nindi Dwi Tetria
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: This research aims to map research topics surrounding Safe Deposit Boxes in Islamic and Conventional Financial Institutions using a qualitative approach, which is in the nature of a library research. The data collection technique is: first, open the Perish/Harzing software, then search for journals based on the title words category saying the key "Safe Deposit Box" within the entire year period. Second, collect journal title data in Microsoft Excel, and identify duplicate journal titles. Third, download files in RIS (Research Information Systems) and PDF (Portable Document Format) format from all journals for which data has been collected. Fourth, enter the RIS data file into Mendeley software Desktop. Data analysis technique by mapping research topics around Safe Deposit Boxes based on the journals that have been collected. The research results show that There are 19 mapping research topics using literature studies regarding Safe Deposit Boxes in Islamic and Conventional Financial Institutions. The implication and contribution of this research is mapping research topics around Safe Deposit Boxes, both those that are often or rarely researched by researchers, so that other researchers can find out the gaps in research on this topic.
Children’s Perceptions of Social Status Studying the Effects of Non- Direct Verbal Communication and Direct Non-Verbal Communication on Children’s Perception of Social Status
Creators: name: Hamlette, David
Publisher: name: University of Chicago
Year: 2022

description: vCurrent research has been focused on the effects of social cues, and how individuals use all different types of stimuli to form attitudes about themselves, members of their group, and those that they consider outside their group. However, there is little research focused on understanding the developmental thresholds in children around nonverbal cues, specifically at what age are they able to recognize them, as well as if they possess the ability to use nonverbal cues to infer other factors of social status and hierarchy. In this study we attempt to begin addressing that question by testing out a sample group of adults (n = 96) to view a video of a teacher giving direction to students and using non directive language paired with directive nonverbal communication. This study was interested in testing our methodology so that it could be tailored to younger children, as well as understand how successful people were at picking up on nonverbal social cues, and if/ how much they used them to make social inferences around ability and social status. Results from this study showed that there were significant effects and that people were not only able to recognize large amounts of nonverbal cues, but were also able to utilize those cues to create social rankings and modify those rankings based on new novel additions. Future research aims to utilize this methodology on children and test their thresholds for nonverbal cues and levels of social based inferencing abilities
Supervised Learning for Coverage-Directed Test Selection in Simulation-Based Verification
Creators: name: Masamba, Nyasha
name: Eder, Kerstin
name: Blackmore, Tim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Hardware Architecture (cs.AR)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Constrained random test generation is one of the most widely adopted methods for generating stimuli for simulation-based verification. Randomness leads to test diversity, but tests tend to repeatedly exercise the same design logic. Constraints are written (typically manually) to bias random tests towards interesting, hard-to-reach, and yet-untested logic. However, as verification progresses, most constrained random tests yield little to no effect on functional coverage. If stimuli generation consumes significantly less resources than simulation, then a better approach involves randomly generating a large number of tests, selecting the most effective subset, and only simulating that subset. In this paper, we introduce a novel method for automatic constraint extraction and test selection. This method, which we call coverage-directed test selection, is based on supervised learning from coverage feedback. Our method biases selection towards tests that have a high probability of increasing functional coverage, and prioritises them for simulation. We show how coverage-directed test selection can reduce manual constraint writing, prioritise effective tests, reduce verification resource consumption, and accelerate coverage closure on a large, real-life industrial hardware design.
Electron-Affinity Time-Dependent Density Functional Theory: Formalism and Applications to Core-Excited States
Creators: name: Carter-Fenk, Kevin
name: Cunha, Leonardo A.
name: Arias-Martinez, Juan E.
name: Head-Gordon, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The particle-hole interaction problem is longstanding within time-dependent density functional theory (TDDFT) and leads to extreme errors in the prediction of K-edge X-ray absorption spectra (XAS). We derive a linear-response formalism that uses optimized orbitals of the n-1-electron system as reference, building orbital relaxation and a proper hole into the initial density. Our approach is an exact generalization of the static-exchange approximation that ameliorates particle-hole interaction error associated with the adiabatic approximation and reduces errors in TDDFT XAS by orders of magnitude. With a statistical performance of just 0.5 eV root-mean-square error and the same computational scaling as TDDFT under the core-valence separation approximation, we anticipate that this approach will be of great utility in XAS calculations of large systems.
description: 11 pages (main text), 12 pages (supporting information), 9 figures
title: Manipulationen an menschlichen Skelettresten aus dem Jungpaläolithikum, Mesolithikum und Neolithikum. Taphonomische Prozesse, Sekundärbestattungen oder Anthropophagie?
Creators: name: Orschiedt, Jörg
Publisher: name: University Library Heidelberg
Year: 2014

description: [nicht vorhanden]
Additional file 1 of Frequent hospital presenters’ use of health information during COVID-19: results of a cross-sectional survey
Creators: name: Jessup, Rebecca L.
name: Bramston, Cassandra
name: Putrik, Polina
name: Haywood, Cilla
name: Tacey, Mark
name: Copnell, Beverley
name: Cvetanovska, Natali
name: Cao, Yingting
name: Gust, Anthony
name: Campbell, Donald
name: Oldenburg, Brian
name: Mehdi, Hala
name: Kirk, Michael
name: Zucchi, Emiliano
name: Semciw, Adam I.
name: Beauchamp, Alison
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1.
Hybrid Intelligent Testing in Simulation-Based Verification
Creators: name: Masamba, Nyasha
name: Eder, Kerstin
name: Blackmore, Tim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Hardware Architecture (cs.AR)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Efficient and effective testing for simulation-based hardware verification is challenging. Using constrained random test generation, several millions of tests may be required to achieve coverage goals. The vast majority of tests do not contribute to coverage progress, yet they consume verification resources. In this paper, we propose a hybrid intelligent testing approach combining two methods that have previously been treated separately, namely Coverage-Directed Test Selection and Novelty-Driven Verification. Coverage-Directed Test Selection learns from coverage feedback to bias testing toward the most effective tests. Novelty-Driven Verification learns to identify and simulate stimuli that differ from previous stimuli, thereby reducing the number of simulations and increasing testing efficiency. We discuss the strengths and limitations of each method, and we show how our approach addresses each method's limitations, leading to hardware testing that is both efficient and effective.