cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: A modelling framework for incorporating uncertainty from catch sampling into inputs and outputs of stock assessment models
Creators: name: Caneco, Bruno
name: Fernandez, Carmen
name: Borchers, David
name: Silva, Alexandra
Publisher: name: ASC 2009 - Theme session N
Year: 2024
Subjects: Fisheries and aquaculture
Technologies and data

description: No abstracts are to be cited without prior reference to the author.Statistical age-structured models commonly used in fish stock assessments treat commercial catch composition data, such as catch numbers-at-age, as if they were direct observations from the fishery. However, the actual composition of catches is not directly observed in most fisheries, and catch length or age compositions are instead estimates usually obtained through design-based methods. Proper measures of the uncertainty associated with these estimates must therefore be provided and suitably acknowledged by the stock assessment model. We propose an alternative approach to the traditional stock assessment process, where the usual two-step procedure - catch composition estimation followed by stock assessment - is merged into one integrated modelling framework that explicitly relates stock dynamics parameters to data actually observed from the catch. Such a framework allows for a systematic and statistically consistent propagation of the uncertainty inherent in the actual catch sampling process across the whole stock assessment model and to the resulting estimates (computed here via Bayesian methods). It can also provide a statistical tool to evaluate the effect of sampling design changes on the precision of assessment estimates. We demonstrate our model using a simplified scenario of the Iberian sardine fishery and apply it to a simulated dataset. A comparison between the traditional approach and our method is also presented.
Testing axion physics in a Josephson junction environment
Creators: name: Beck, Christian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We suggest that experiments based on Josephson junctions, SQUIDS, and coupled Josephson qubits can be used to construct a resonant environment for dark matter axions. We propose experimental setups in which axionic interaction strengths in a Josephson junction environment can be tested, similar in nature to recent experiments that test for quantum entanglement of two coupled Josephson qubits. We point out that the parameter values relevant for early-universe axion cosmology are accessible with present day's achievements in nanotechnology. We work out how typical dark matter and dark energy signals would look like in a novel detector that exploits this effect.
description: 6 pages. Some typos corrected. Replaced by final version to appear in Mod Phys. Lett. A. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1008.2085
Информационно-коммуникационная компетентность (ИКК): ключевой аспект современной профессиональной деятельности по специальности «Инженерно-педагогическая деятельность»
Creators: name: Василевская Валерия Анатольевна
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: компетенция
компетентность
ИКТ
Информационно-коммуникационная компетентность
Инженер
Педагог

description: В данной презентации рассматривается понятие компетентность, сущность информационно-коммуникационной компетентности и ее составляющие компоненты.
Testing the occurrence of Late Jurassic true polar wander using the La Negra volcanics of northern Chile
Creators: name: Fu, Roger R.
name: Kent, Dennis V.
name: Hemming, Sidney R.
name: Gutiérrez, Pablo
name: Creveling, Jessica R.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Polar wandering
subject: Paleomagnetism
subject: Geodynamics
subject: Geophysics
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Plate tectonics
subject: Geological time

description: True polar wander (TPW) is the reorientation of the crust-mantle system driven by the redistribution of masses in the mantle and on the Earth’s surface. In the ideal case, characterization of TPW requires paleomagnetic constraints on the motion of all major plates and independent reconstructions of relative plate positions. While such complete datasets are absent for pre-Mesozoic TPW inferences due to the absence of oceanic plates, they are available for the Late Jurassic (165-145 Ma) “monster shift”, a ∼30◦ amplitude proposed TPW event. Here we perform paleomagnetic sampling and Ar-Ar geochronology on the La Negra volcanics of Northern Chile, producing two new paleomagnetic poles with ages 165.8 ± 1.8 Ma (1σ; 84.3◦N 0.9◦E; α95 = 7.6◦; N = 28) and 152.8 ± 0.8 Ma (84.5◦N 256.4◦E; α95 = 10.8◦; N = 18). By combining these data with other recently published results, we compute a net lithospheric rotation of 25.3◦ ± 7.3◦ (1σ ) at a mean rate of 1.21◦ ± 0.35◦ My−1 between 170 and 145 Ma with a peak rate of 1.46◦ ± 0.65◦ My−1 between 160 and 145 Ma. These rates are consistent with inferences from the Pacific Plate, implying true whole lithosphere rotation. Given coherent motion involving the entire lithosphere, we conclude that the Earth underwent rapid TPW between approximately 165 and 145 Ma, potentially driven by the cessation of subduction along the western North American margin
The cold veil of the Milky Way stellar halo
Creators: name: Deason, A. J.
name: Belokurov, V.
name: Evans, N. W.
name: Koposov, S. E.
name: Cooke, R. J.
name: Peñarrubia, J.
name: Laporte, C. F. P.
name: Fellhauer, M.
name: Walker, M. G.
name: Olszewski, E. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We build a sample of distant (D > 80 kpc) stellar halo stars with measured radial velocities. Faint ($20 < g <22$) candidate blue horizontal branch (BHB) stars were selected using the deep, but wide, multi-epoch Sloan Digital Sky Survey photometry. Follow-up spectroscopy for these A-type stars was performed using the VLT-FORS2 instrument. We classify stars according to their Balmer line profiles, and find 7 are bona fide BHB stars and 31 are blue stragglers (BS). Owing to the magnitude range of our sample, even the intrinsically fainter BS stars can reach out to D ~ 90 kpc. We complement this sample of A-type stars with intrinsically brighter, intermediate-age, asymptotic giant branch stars. A set of 4 distant cool carbon stars is compiled from the literature and we perform spectroscopic follow-up on a further 4 N-type carbon stars using the WHT-ISIS instrument. Altogether, this provides us with the largest sample to date of individual star tracers out to r ~ 150 kpc. We find that the radial velocity dispersion of these tracers falls rapidly at large distances and is surprisingly cold (sigma_r ~ 50-60 km/s) between 100-150 kpc. Relating the measured radial velocities to the mass of the Milky Way requires knowledge of the (unknown) tracer density profile and anisotropy at these distances. Nonetheless, by assuming the stellar halo stars between 50-150 kpc have a moderate density fall-off (with power-law slope alpha < 5) and are on radial orbits (sigma^2_t/sigma^2_r < 1), we infer that the mass within 150 kpc is less than 10^12 M_solar and suggest it probably lies in the range (5-10) x 10^11 M_solar. We discuss the implications of such a low mass for the Milky Way.
description: 15 pages, 12 figures. Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Research Support Services for Modern Languages and Literatures: Columbia University Libraries Local Report
Creators: name: Beilin, Ian G.
name: Friedland, Nancy E.
name: Graham, Pamela M.
name: Mercurio, Jeremiah R.
name: Silva, Sócrates
name: Tofanelli, John L.
name: Witte, Sarah S.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2019
Subjects: Humanities--Research
Humanities--Research--Methodology
Library science

description: This study seeks to understand the research practices of scholars in the fields of literature in modern languages, culture (including folklore, performance studies, and literary history) and writing studies. In coordination with twelve other institutions of higher education and the Modern Language Association (which sponsored the project), Columbia University Libraries partnered with Ithaka S+R, a not-for-profit educational research and consulting organization, to conduct this research. As part of Ithaka S+R’s Research and Teaching Practices stream of work, we conducted an in-depth, qualitative study of Columbia tenured and tenure-track faculty to learn more about their research interests, methods and outputs, along with their processes of discovering and accessing sources. Our local data was shared with Ithaka S+R and will inform a capstone report synthesizing findings across all institutions participating in the overall study. This humanities-based research joins the series of other disciplinary-focused reports that Ithaka S+R has coordinated. We present our findings related to the following topics, in an order that tracks the life-cycle of research: scholars’ research focus and methodologies; sources and the search process; and research outputs. Throughout the report we refer to the roles of libraries and library staff in relation to these research practices. We hope Columbia’s local findings will contribute to a more nuanced understanding of the needs of language and literature scholars on a broad scale while surfacing important issues that can inform how we support our faculty locally. In addition, this study also raises issues that may warrant continued assessment and monitoring as we strive to align our expertise and resources with the needs and priorities of faculty.
Space matters : evolution and ecology in structured populations
Creators: name: Zukewich, Joshua William Anthony
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2012

description: The inclusion of spatial structure in biological models has revealed important phenomenon not observed in “well-mixed” populations. In particular, cooperation may evolve in a network-structured population whereas it cannot in a well-mixed population. However, the success of cooperators is very sensitive to small details of the model architecture. In Chapter 1 I investigate two popular biologically-motivated models of evolution in finite populations: Death-Birth (DB) and Birth-Death (BD) processes. Under DB cooperation may be favoured, while under BD it never is. In both cases reproduction is proportional to fitness and death is random; the only difference is the order of the two events at each time step. Whether structure can promote the evolution of cooperation should not hinge on a somewhat artificial ordering of birth and death. I propose a mixed rule where in each time step DB (BD) is used with probability δ (1 − δ). I then derive the conditions for selection favouring cooperation under the mixed rule for all social dilemmas. The only qualitatively different outcome occurs when using just BD (δ = 0). This case admits a natural interpretation in terms of kin competition counterbalancing the effect of kin selection. Finally I show that, for any mixed BD-DB update and under weak selection, cooperation is never inhibited by population structure for any social dilemma. Chapter 2 addresses the Competitive Exclusion Principle: the maximum number of species that can coexist is the number of habitat types (Hardin, 1960). This idea was borne out in island models, where each island represents a different well-mixed niche, with migration between islands. A specialist dominates each niche. However, these models assumed equal migration between each pair of islands, and their results are not robust to changing that assumption. Débarre and Lenormand (2011) numerically studied a two-niche model with local migration. At the boundary between niches, generalists may stably persist. The number of coexisting species may be much greater than the number of habitat types. Here, I derive the conditions for invasion of a generalist using an asymptotic approach. The prediction performs well (compared with numerical results) even for not asymptotically small parameter values (i.e. epsilon ≈ 1).
Large- to submesoscale surface circulation and its implications on biogeochemical/biological horizontal distributions during the OUTPACE cruise (southwest Pacific)
Creators: name: Rousselet, Louise
name: De Verneil, Alain
name: Doglioli, Andrea M.
name: Petrenko, Anne A.
name: Duhamel, Solange
name: Maes, Christophe
name: Blanke, Bruno
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biogeochemistry
Ocean circulation
Microorganisms
Phytoplankton--Geographical distribution

description: The patterns of the large-scale, meso- and submesoscale surface circulation on biogeochemical and biological distributions are examined in the western tropical South Pacific (WTSP) in the context of the OUTPACE cruise (February–April 2015). Multi-disciplinary original in situ observations were achieved along a zonal transect through the WTSP and their analysis was coupled with satellite data. The use of Lagrangian diagnostics allows for the identification of water mass pathways, mesoscale structures, and submesoscale features such as fronts. In particular, we confirmed the existence of a global wind-driven southward circulation of surface waters in the entire WTSP, using a new high-resolution altimetry-derived product, validated by in situ drifters, that includes cyclogeostrophy and Ekman components with geostrophy. The mesoscale activity is shown to be responsible for counter-intuitive water mass trajectories in two subregions: (i) the Coral Sea, with surface exchanges between the North Vanuatu Jet and the North Caledonian Jet, and (ii) around 170° W, with an eastward pathway, whereas a westward general direction dominates. Fronts and small-scale features, detected with finite-size Lyapunov exponents (FSLEs), are correlated with 25 % of surface tracer gradients, which reveals the significance of such structures in the generation of submesoscale surface gradients. Additionally, two high-frequency sampling transects of biogeochemical parameters and microorganism abundances demonstrate the influence of fronts in controlling the spatial distribution of bacteria and phytoplankton, and as a consequence the microbial community structure. All circulation scales play an important role that has to be taken into account not only when analysing the data from OUTPACE but also, more generally, for understanding the global distribution of biogeochemical components.
Solitosynthesis induced phase transitions
Creators: name: Pearce, Lauren
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a phase transition induced by the growth of Q-balls in a false vacuum. Such a transition could occur in the early universe in the case of broken supersymmetry with a metastable false vacuum. Small Q-balls with a negative potential energy can grow in a false vacuum by accretion of global charge until they reach critical size, expand, and cause a phase transition. We consider the growth of Q-balls from small to large, using the Bethe-Salpeter equation to describe small charge solitons and connecting to the growth of larger solitons for which the semiclassical approximation is reliable. We thus test the scenario in a simplified example inspired by supersymmetric extensions of the standard model.
description: 14 pages, 9 figures, 2 tables Added sections on explicit connection between Q-balls and squark and higgs fields
Blueprint of Structural Section & Details for Unit H in a Shopping Center, Stony Brook, L.I.
Creators: name: Smythe, Richard Haviland
name: Melville, Ward, 1887-1977
name: Organization, Ward Melville Heritage
name: Stony Brook Community Fund
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 0
Subjects: Stony Brook
Sketches
Blueprints
Plans
Architects
Shopping centers
Architectural drawings
Stores & shops

description: This blueprint shows the structural sections and details of unit H in a shopping center located in Stony Brook, L.I. This plan was completed by architect Richard Haviland Smythe, located at 681 fifth avenue, New York. Scale = 1/4 inch.
Lorentz Process with shrinking holes in a wall
Creators: name: Nandori, Peter
name: Szasz, Domokos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We ascertain the diffusively scaled limit of a periodic Lorentz process in a strip with an almost reflecting wall at the origin. Here, almost reflecting means that the wall contains a small hole waning in time. The limiting process is a quasi-reflected Brownian motion, which is Markovian but not strong Markovian. Local time results for the periodic Lorentz process, having independent interest, are also found and used.
Determining and Asset's Tax Basis in the Absence of a Meaningful Transfer Tax Regime
Creators: name: Soled, Jay A.
name: Schmalbeck, Richard L.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2019
Subjects: Taxation--Law and legislation
Inheritance and transfer tax
Estates (Law)
Fiscal policy
Valuation

description: Until recently, in those circumstances where there was a valuation range with respect to a particular asset, executors faced a choice: among estates subject to the estate tax, declaring a high value would increase the estate tax liability; however, due to the Internal Revenue Code’s “basis equal to fair market value” rule applicable at death, declaring a low value would expose heirs to a greater capital gains tax on subsequent asset disposition. Because the estate tax rates were higher and that tax was immediate (as opposed to deferred until a later sale by the heir), executors typically minimized asset values, with the corresponding effect of tax basis diminishment. This commonplace strategy thus negated the possibility that taxpayers might exploit the basis equal to fair market rule. But this is often no longer the case. Through a series of exemption level increases, tax rate reductions, and other reforms, Congress has gutted the nation’s transfer tax system. What remains is a teetering transfer tax system that applies only to a handful of the wealthiest taxpayers. For the rest, the transfer tax system provides no disincentive to executors from assigning the highest defensible valuations to a decedent’s assets, opening the opportunity to capitalize upon the basis equal to fair market value rule. Unfortunately, the I.R.S. lacks the tools and resources to combat this practice. To preserve the integrity of the capital gains tax and the revenue that it produces, Congress must therefore intercede.
title: Augmentation of length sampling using production by commercial size categories in the Loligo gahi fishery off the Falkland Islands: A simple hierarchical Bayesian model
Creators: name: Payá, Ignacio
Publisher: name: ASC 2009 - Theme session N
Year: 2024
Subjects: Fisheries and aquaculture
Technologies and data

description: No abstracts are to be cited without prior reference to the author.Loligo stock assessment is done by fitting depletion models by areas. These models use the mean length (ML) of the catches per day. With a limited number of scientific observers (SO) aboard vessels, it is sometimes difficult to cover all the areas. However all vessels daily report their production by commercial size categories (CSC) by means of electronic logbooks. Therefore the aim of this study was to develop a procedure to estimate ML by area using the production by CSC. Ideally ML by CSC could be estimated from the length frequency using length-CSC keys. However, these keys are not available but only the size ranges by CSC. Using 5 samples (2170 squids); it was proved that ML estimated using size ranges were equal to ML estimated using length-CSC keys. A total of 217 daily ML estimations based on SO data (MLSO) and on CSC (MLCSC) were computed from 11 fishing trips between 2006 and 2008. A simple regression model, MLSO = 1.001* MLCSC, was found statistically significant, but as the data came from different vessels (random effects), a simple hierarchical Bayesian model was fitted using WINBUGS software. The slopes of the regressions of the 11 fishing trips were random samples from a normally distributed meta-population of slopes with an average of 1.004 and standard deviation of 0.0085. As the e-logbooks are daily deliveries, the procedure produce real time estimations of ML which are independent of SO samples. Examples of the use of this procedure in the Loligo stock assessment are shown
THE GRAMMER-TRANSLATION METHOD
Creators: name: Nurbekova, Shakhnoza
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: As the names of some of its leading exponents suggest (Johann Seidentstucker H.S.Ollendorf, and Johann Meidinger), Grammar Translation was the offspring of As the names of some of its leading exponents suggest (Johann Seidenstücker, Karl Po was "to know everything about something rather than the thing itself" (W. H. D. Rouse, German scholarship, the object of which, according to one of its less charitable critics, quoted in Kelly 1969).
Diversity and productivity of photosynthetic picoeukaryotes in biogeochemically distinct regions of the South East Pacific Ocean
Creators: name: Rii, Yoshimi M.
name: Duhamel, Solange
name: Bidigare, Robert R.
name: Karl, David M.
name: Repeta, Daniel J.
name: Church, Matthew J.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Biogeochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Marine phytoplankton
subject: Carbon cycle (Biogeochemistry)

description: Picophytoplankton, including photosynthetic picoeukaryotes (PPE) and unicellular cyanobacteria, are important contributors to plankton biomass and primary productivity. In this study, phytoplankton composition and rates of carbon fixation were examined across a large trophic gradient in the South East Pacific Ocean (SEP) using a suite of approaches: photosynthetic pigments, rates of 14C‐primary productivity, and phylogenetic analyses of partial 18S rRNA genes PCR amplified and sequenced from flow cytometrically sorted cells. While phytoplankton >10 μm (diatoms and dinoflagellates) were prevalent in the upwelling region off the Chilean coast, picophytoplankton consistently accounted for 55–92% of the total chlorophyll a inventories and >60% of 14C‐primary productivity throughout the sampling region. Estimates of rates of 14C‐primary productivity derived from flow cytometric sorting of radiolabeled cells revealed that the contributions of PPE and Prochlorococcus to euphotic zone depth‐integrated picoplankton productivity were nearly equivalent (ranging 36–57%) along the transect, with PPE comprising a larger share of picoplankton productivity than cyanobacteria in the well‐lit (>15% surface irradiance) region compared with in the lower regions (1–7% surface irradiance) of the euphotic zone. 18S rRNA gene sequence analyses revealed the taxonomic identities of PPE; e.g., Mamiellophyceae (Ostreococcus) were the dominant PPE in the upwelling‐influenced waters, while members of the Chrysophyceae, Prymnesiophyceae, Pelagophyceae, and Prasinophyceae Clades VII and IX flourished in the oligotrophic South Pacific Subtropical Gyre. Our results suggest that, despite low numerical abundance in comparison to cyanobacteria, diverse members of PPE are significant contributors to carbon cycling across biogeochemically distinct regions of the SEP.
Quantum transport in quantum networks and photosynthetic complexes at the steady state
Creators: name: Manzano, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Biomolecules (q-bio.BM)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently, several works have analysed the efficiency of photosynthetic complexes in a transient scenario and how that efficiency is affected by environmental noise. Here, following a quantum master equation approach, we study the energy and excitation transport in fully connected networks both in general and in the particular case of the Fenna-Matthew-Olson complex. The analysis is carried out for the steady state of the system where the excitation energy is constantly "flowing" through the system. Steady state transport scenarios are particularly relevant if the evolution of the quantum system is not conditioned on the arrival of individual excitations. By adding dephasing to the system, we analyse the possibility of noise-enhancement of the quantum transport.
description: 10 pages, single column, 6 figures. Accepted for publication in Plos One
Blueprint of Cellar Plan of Unit D in Shopping Center, Stony Brook, L.I.
Creators: name: Smythe, Richard Haviland
name: Melville, Ward, 1887-1977
name: Organization, Ward Melville Heritage
name: Stony Brook Community Fund
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 0
Subjects: Stony Brook
Sketches
Blueprints
Plans
Architects
Shopping centers
Architectural drawings
Stores & shops

description: This blueprint shows the cellar plans for unit D in a shopping center located in Stony Brook L.I. This plan was completed by architect Richard Haviland Smythe, located at 681 fifth avenue, New York. Scale = 1/4 inch.
title: Quality of abundance indices based on international acoustic surveys in context of input data for stock-assessment models: example of Baltic International Acoustic Surveys
Creators: name: Kasatkina, S.
name: Gasyukov, P.
Publisher: name: ASC 2009 - Theme session N
Year: 2024
Subjects: Fisheries and aquaculture
Technologies and data

description: No abstracts are to be cited without prior reference to the author.The Baltic International Acoustic Surveys (BIAS) provide important information for annual assessments of sprat and herring stocks. The abundance indices by age groups estimated from the data of all vessels-participants of BIAS are used for tuning the fish stocks assessment models (for example, XSA-tuning). The authors discuss statistical characteristics (mean, median, variance, 95% confidence intervals) and bias of abundance indices obtained from data of each vessel, as well as all vessels participated in BIAS 2004-2006. Calculations were made by simulating based on the algorithms of BIAS data processing. It appears that sprat and herring abundance indices are accompanied with different accuracy varied from survey to survey and from vessel to vessel. The accuracy of abundance indices for each fish species considerably vary by age groups. The lowest accuracy associates with the young and old age groups. The highest inter-annual changes in accuracy associate also with the young age groups used in the recruitment estimation. The bias can amount to 30% and more due to the method adopted in the BIAS for calculating strata frequency distributions of fish length and species structures. The results obtained prove that abundance indices are characterized by variances which depend on value of abundance indices themselves; therefore variance is not a constant value by years for each age group. Accounting for this fact the stock assessment models allow to estimate sprat and herring stocks more reliably. In addition it was shown that analysis of uncertainty in abundance indices provides important information for improving international survey design.
Automation and the Income Tax
Creators: name: Soled, Jay A.
name: Thomas, Kathleen DeLaney
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2019
Subjects: Taxation--Law and legislation
Income tax
Automation
Labor laws and legislation
Fiscal policy

description: Technological advancements are playing a transformative role in curtailing the need for labor. These very same forces are catapulting capital in the form of robotics, machinery, and intellectual property to the economic forefront. In virtually every sphere of human existence, labor’s decline and capital’s rise have been widely felt. In short, automation has become society’s new focal point. Notwithstanding the magnitude of these changes, Congress appears committed to retaining its historic pattern of taxing labor income more heavily than it taxes income derived from capital. However, as technology continues to evolve and capital gradually eclipses labor’s role in the economy, a fundamental shift in the tax system will be needed to maintain a viable revenue stream. This Article explores the ways that automation has impacted the tax system in terms of efficiency, fairness, and revenue. It concludes that our twentieth-century tax system is unsustainable in the twenty-first century. It then offers proposals for how policymakers should reform the tax law to account for labor’s decline and capital’s rise. Among other things, the technological era requires that all income—regardless of source—bear a similar tax burden.
Softening the "crystal-scaffold" for life's emergence
Creators: name: Mitra-Delmotte, Gargi
name: Mitra, Asoke Nath
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Del Giudice's group study how water can organize on hydrophilic surfaces forming coherent domains (loaning energy from the quantum vacuum), plus quasi-free electrons, whose excitations produce cold vortices, aligning to ambient fields. Their electric and magnetic dipolar modes can couple to oscillatory (electric-organic-dipoles), and/or rotary (magnetic-mineral-dipoles), besides responding to magnetic potentials. Thus, imprinted electromagnetic patterns of catalytic colloids - c.f. Cairns-Smith's "crystal-scaffold"- on their structured water partners could have equipped the latter with a selection-basis for 'choosing' their context-based "soft-matter" (de Gennes) replacements. We consider the potential of the scenario of an external control on magnetic colloids forming in the Hadean hydrothermal setting (of Russell and coworkers) - via a magnetic-rock-field - conceptually enabling self-assembly, induction of asymmetries, response effects towards close-to-equilibrium dynamics, associative-networks, besides providing a coherent environment for stabilizing associated symmetry-broken quanta, and their feedback-interactions with those of coherent water-domains, to address the emergence of metabolism and replication.
description: 26 pages, pdf file. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1008.2362
Aktueller Bekanntheitsgrad des Störungsbildes Induzierbare Laryngeale Obstruktion (ILO). Eine Befragung unter praktizierenden Deutschschweizer Logopäd*innen
Creators: name: Laterza, Janet
name: Senn, Regina
Publisher: name: Interkantonale Hochschule für Heilpädagogik
Year: 2024
Subjects: Logopädie
Bachelorarbeit
Induzierbare Laryngeale Obstruktion
ILO
Bekanntheit
Befragung
Deutschschweiz
Logopäde
Logopädin

description: In der vorliegenden Bachelorarbeit wird untersucht, wie bekannt das Störungsbild der Induzierbaren Laryngealen Obstruktion (ILO) bei praktizierenden Logopäd*innen in der Deutschschweiz ist und wie der Informations- und Weiterbildungsbedarf diesbezüglich eingeschätzt wird. Obwohl in der internationalen Fachliteratur der Einbezug der Logopädie als einer der wichtigsten Bestandteile für eine erfolgreiche Behandlung diskutiert wird, ist die Therapie im Berufsalltag von Logopäd*innen noch wenig etabliert. Dies belegen die Ergebnisse der durchgeführten Online-Befragung von 510 praktizierenden Logopäd*innen in der Deutschschweiz. Es zeichnet sich dabei ein deutlicher Unterschied zwischen den Logopäd*innen im Schulbereich und denen im klinischen Bereich bzw. in logopädischen Praxen ab. Die Logopäd*innen im schulischen Bereich werden deutlich weniger mit dem Störungsbild konfrontiert und haben weniger Interesse am Kompetenzaufbau zu ILO. Dies überrascht insofern, da die Gruppe mit der höchsten Prävalenz – die Jugendlichen – zu einem grossen Teil in ihren Tätigkeitsbereich fallen. Die vorliegende Arbeit diskutiert mögliche Einflüsse und Zusammenhänge, welche eine Erklärung für diese Ergebnisse liefern können.
title: Fully documented fishery using Electronic Monitoring to improve industry self reported data
Creators: name: Dalskov, Jørgen
name: Kindt-Larsen, Lotte
name: Kirkegaard, Eskild
Publisher: name: ASC 2009 - Theme session N
Year: 2024
Subjects: Fisheries and aquaculture
Technologies and data

description: No abstracts are to be cited without prior reference to the author.Total Allowable Catch (TAC) is a central concept in the Common Fishery Policy of the European Union. It is, however, generally recognized that the catches counted against the TACs are not reflecting the total catches taken but only the part of the catch that is landed and officially registered. This discrepancy between the actual and reported catches may be a result of discarding, high grading, illegal landings and area misreporting and may be linked to increasingly complicated and non-transparent regulations. In order to address this discrepancy and to achieve higher accuracy in the data which forms the basis for fisheries advice, the Danish Government has proposed a new reporting and quota paradigm based on actual catches rather than reported landings. The foundation for this new paradigm is an obligation for the vessel owners to report total catches by species and not only landings. All catches, discards as well as landings, will be counted against the TAC. Such a system will provide an incentive for the fishermen to target marketable species and size classes and to avoid discards. The TACs will have to be adjusted to reflect total catches and not only landings. The success of such a system is depending on the implementation of an appropriate documentation system to verify the catch figures. To this end an Electronic Monitoring (EM) system in the form of cameras and logging of fishing operations (GPS, hydraulic sensors etc.) has been tested by the National Institute for Aquatic Resources, Technical University of Denmark (DTU Aqua). Six representative commercial Danish fishing vessels have been equipped with an EM system and have operated under a vessel specific catch quota for cod where all catches of cod has been registered and counted against the quota. The paper provides a description of the EM system, the experiences gained, and an evaluation of to what extent the system can provide a reliable documentation of total catches. Possible impact of the introduction of catch quotas on the operation and behaviour of the six fishing vessels participating in the trials is discussed
Modeling the Jet Kinematics of the Black Hole Microquasar XTE J1550-564: A Constraint on Spin-Orbit Alignment
Creators: name: Steiner, James F.
name: McClintock, Jeffrey E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Measurements of black hole spin made using the continuum-fitting method rely on the assumption that the inclination of the black hole's spin axis to our line of sight is the same as the orbital inclination angle of the host binary system. The X=ray and radio jet data available for the microquasar XTE J1550-564 offer a rare opportunity to test this assumption. Following the work of others, we have modeled these data and thereby determined the inclination angle of the jet axis, which is presumed to be aligned with the black hole's spin axis. We find a jet inclination angle of approximately 71 degrees and place an upper limit on the difference between the spin and orbital inclinations of < 12 degrees (90% confidence). Our measurement tests for misalignment along the line of sight while providing no constraint perpendicular to this plane. Our constraint on the misalignment angle supports the prediction that the spinning black hole in XTE J1550-564 has aligned itself with the orbital plane and provides support for the measurement of its spin via the continuum-fitting method. Our conclusions are based on a simple and reasonable model of a pair of symmetric jets propagating into a low density cavity whose western wall is approximately 20% closer to XTE J1550-564 than its eastern wall.
description: ApJ, in press. 26 manuscript pages including 6 figures
Fine discernment and the priority of the particular
Creators: name: Johnston, Joshua James
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2012

description: Recent work at the intersection between ethics and aesthetics has focused on the interaction between ethical value and moral value. The philosophical work being done here arises from asking the interaction question: what is the interaction between moral and aesthetic judgment and value? Some questions are asked regarding the possible interaction between ethical de(merits) and aesthetic (de)merits; for instance, can an ethical flaw ever count as an aesthetic flaw in an artwork? While the work done here has paid off in interesting new positions and has also enlightened the long debate between the possible legitimacy of the ethical criticism of art, much of the work misses out on a more primary question. This dissertation, while at the intersection between ethics and aesthetics, will buck the interaction question in favour of the structural question: what, if any, structural features are shared between moral and aesthetic judgment? I believe there are three such structural similarities. The first is that ethical and aesthetic reasons share a common metaphysics: holism of reasons is true in both ethics and aesthetics. Ethical and aesthetic reasons are capable of changing their evaluative polarity across cases. The second similarity is that, given holism, the particular should be given priority when making appreciative moral and aesthetic judgments. Our appreciative judgments should be informed by the particulars of the case before us. Third, moral and aesthetic emotionism is true: ethical and aesthetic concepts are essentially related to the emotions. Given these three structural similarities, this dissertation argues that the skill of fine discernment is required in order to make appreciative judgments. Fine discernment makes good on the demand that the priority of the particular requires: in order to apprehend the evaluative property of the ethical situation or aesthetic object, we must discriminate and unify the discrete particulars into a coherent whole.
Pediatric Palliative Care for EMS-caregivers - A training unit
Creators: name: Hauch, Holger
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Emergency Medical Service, Palliative Care, Home Care, Children, Education

description: This presentation is part of the study "Prehospital emergency medicine for children receiving palliative home care in Germany—a cross-sectional, exploratory study of EMS providers". The German Registry of Clinical Studies approved this study (DRKS-ID: 00013318). After analysis of EMS responses in children with life-limiting conditions under palliative home care we conducted a mixed method approach to get more information from EMS caregivers. Emergencies in pediatric palliatively treated patients were more common than expected. EMS providers perceived the situations as stressful, and there is a need for specific training with practical aspects. This upload is the translated version of the presentation used in the training units with 786 participants.
description: {"references": ["Hauch H, El Mohaui N, Vaillant V, Sander M, Kriwy P, Rohde M, Wolff J, Berthold D, Schneck E. Prehospital emergency medicine for children receiving palliative home care in Germany-a cross-sectional, exploratory study of EMS providers. Front Pediatr. 2023 Feb 14;11:1104655. doi: 10.3389/fped.2023.1104655. PMID: 36865689; PMCID: PMC9971952.", "Schneck E, Jan\u00dfen G, Vaillant V, Voelker T, Dechert O, Trocan L, Schmitz L, Rohde M, Sander M, Hauch H. Cardiopulmonary resuscitation in pediatric patients under palliative home care - A multicenter retrospective study. Front Pediatr. 2023 Jan 10;10:1105609. doi: 10.3389/fped.2022.1105609. PMID: 36704133; PMCID: PMC9872029.", "Hauch H, El Mohaui N, Wolff JEA, Vaillant V, Brill S, Schneck E, Str\u00f6ter N, Sibelius U, Kriwy P, Berthold D. Out-of-Hospital Emergencies in Children Under Palliative Home Care. Front Pediatr. 2021 Dec 22;9:734181. doi: 10.3389/fped.2021.734181. PMID: 35004533; PMCID: PMC8727697."]}
Phenomenology of a Gauged SU(3)^3 Flavour Model
Creators: name: Buras, Andrzej J.
name: Carlucci, Maria Valentina
name: Merlo, Luca
name: Stamou, Emmanuel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an extensive analysis of Delta F=2 observables and of B -> X_s gamma in the framework of a specific Maximally Gauged Flavour (MGF) model of Grinstein et al. including all relevant contributions, in particular tree-level heavy gauge boson exchanges that are considered in the present paper for the first time. The model allows in principle for significant deviations from the Standard Model predictions for epsilon_K, Delta M_{B_{d,s}}, mixing induced CP-asymmetries S_{psi K_S} and S_{psi phi} and B -> X_s gamma decay. The tension between epsilon_K and S_{psi K_S} present in the SM can be removed by enhancing |epsilon_K| without modifying S_{psi K_S}. In this case, we find that in this model i) the results for S_{psi phi} and B -> X_s gamma turn out to be SM-like, ii) the exclusive determination of |Vub| is favoured and most importantly iii) the values of Delta M_{B_d} and Delta M_{B_s} being strongly correlated in this model with epsilon_K turn out to be much larger than the data for the central values of input parameters: Delta M_{B_d}~0.75/ps and Delta M_{B_s}~27/ps. Therefore, from the present perspective, the model suffers from a serious epsilon_K-Delta M_{B_{d,s}} tension. However, this tension can be softened considering theoretical and parametric uncertainties and in particular the decrease of the weak decay constants. On the other side, the model can be strongly constrained considering the theoretically cleaner ratios Delta M_{B_d}/Delta M_{B_s} and BR(B^+ -> tau^+ nu)/Delta M_{B_d} and we find that it is unable to remove simultaneously all the SM tensions on the data. Finally, we compare the pattern of flavour violation in MGF with selected extensions of the SM.
description: 43 pages, 9 figures; version published on JHEP
The thermal Casimir-Polder interaction of an atom with spherical plasma shell
Creators: name: Khusnutdinov, Nail R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The van der Waals and Casimir-Polder interaction energy of an atom with an infinitely thin sphere with finite conductivity is investigated in the framework of the hydrodynamic approach at finite temperature. This configuration models the real interaction of an atom with fullerene. The Lifshitz approach is used to find the free energy. We find the explicit expression for the free energy and perform the analysis of it for i) high and low temperatures, ii) large radii of sphere and ii) short separation between an atom and sphere. At low temperatures the thermal part of the free energy approaches zero as forth power of the temperature while for high temperatures it is proportional to the first degree of the temperature. The entropy of this system is positive for small radii of sphere and it becomes negative at low temperatures and for large radii of the sphere.
description: 17 pages, 4 figures. Submitted in J.Phys.A
Dissolved organic matter uptake by Trichodesmium in the Southwest Pacific
Creators: name: Benavides, Mar
name: Berthelot, Hugo
name: Duhamel, Solange
name: Raimbault, Patrick
name: Bonnet, Sophie
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Microorganisms
subject: Trichodesmium
subject: Seawater--Organic compound content

description: The globally distributed diazotroph Trichodesmium contributes importantly to nitrogen inputs in the oligotrophic oceans. Sites of dissolved organic matter (DOM) accumulation could promote the mixotrophic nutrition of Trichodesmium when inorganic nutrients are scarce. Nano-scale secondary ion mass spectrometry (nanoSIMS) analyses of individual trichomes sampled in the South Pacific Ocean, showed significant 13C-enrichments after incubation with either 13C-labeled carbohydrates or amino acids. These results suggest that DOM could be directly taken up by Trichodesmium or primarily consumed by heterotrophic epibiont bacteria that ultimately transfer reduced DOM compounds to their host trichomes. Although the addition of carbohydrates or amino acids did not significantly affect bulk N2 fixation rates, N2 fixation was enhanced by amino acids in individual colonies of Trichodesmium. We discuss the ecological advantages of DOM use by Trichodesmium as an alternative to autotrophic nutrition in oligotrophic open ocean waters.
An Interview with APPLE Lecture Speaker Dr. Paul Kei Matsuda
Creators: name: Beltran, Jorge Luis
name: Kim, Peter
name: Wang, Arthur Yuanheng
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2019
Subjects: Applied linguistics
Second language acquisition
English language--Dialects
English language--Writing--Study and teaching
Applied linguistics--Study and teaching

description: On February 22, 2019, the Studies in Applied Linguistics and TESOL (SALT) journal had the great pleasure of interviewing Dr. Paul Kei Matsuda, the invited speaker for the 2019 APPLE Lectures Series hosted by the Applied Linguistics and TESOL Program at Teachers College, Columbia University. Dr. Matsuda was kind enough to take the time, during a very busy day, to speak about his research, his work on writing instruction and assessment, his thoughts on World Englishes, and his advice for new scholars working in the fields of Applied Linguistics and TESOL.
Characteristic spatial scale of vesicle pair interactions in a plane linear flow
Creators: name: Levant, Michael
name: Deschamps, Julien
name: Afik, Eldad
name: Steinberg, Victor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the experimental studies on interaction of two vesicles trapped in a microfluidic analog of four-roll mill, where a plane linear flow is realized. We found that the dynamics of a single vesicle is significantly altered by the presence of another vesicle at separation distances up to about 3.2 ÷3.7 times of effective radius of the vesicles. This is supported by direct measurements of a single vesicle back-reaction on the velocity field. Thus, the experiment provides the lower bound for the interaction scale of vesicles and so the corresponding upper bound for the volume fraction ϕ=0.08 ÷0.13 of non-interacting vesicle suspensions.
description: 5 pages, 8 figures, PRE accepted for publication
title: Incorporating survey variance in sequential population analysis
Creators: name: Cadigan, Noel
Publisher: name: ASC 2009 - Theme session N
Year: 2024
Subjects: Fisheries and aquaculture
Technologies and data

description: No abstracts are to be cited without prior reference to the author.We derive some basic statistics that describe the variability of a survey index derived from stratified random sampling for several Northwest Atlantic fish stocks. The variability is expressed as a function of population abundance and is based on a Negative Binomial (NB) distribution assumption for trawl catches. Diagnostics that support this assumption are presented. However, maximum likelihood estimates of the NB over-dispersion parameter based on a stratumeffects model can have severe bias, and an alternative estimator is shown to give much better results. We also show how the survey variance component can be incorporated into stock assessment models like ADAPT or XSA. Interestingly, this results in an estimation procedure that is more similar to the implicit and intuitive weighting that many fisheries scientists use to track cohorts in survey data by focusing on the ages that tend to be caught well, whereas ADAPT or XSA tend to give higher weight to ages not well caught.