cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Return of the features. Efficient feature selection and interpretation for photometric redshifts
Creators: name: D'Isanto, Antonio
name: Cavuoti, Stefano
name: Gieseke, Fabian
name: Polsterer, Kai Lars
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The explosion of data in recent years has generated an increasing need for new analysis techniques in order to extract knowledge from massive datasets. Machine learning has proved particularly useful to perform this task. Fully automatized methods have recently gathered great popularity, even though those methods often lack physical interpretability. In contrast, feature based approaches can provide both well-performing models and understandable causalities with respect to the correlations found between features and physical processes. Efficient feature selection is an essential tool to boost the performance of machine learning models. In this work, we propose a forward selection method in order to compute, evaluate, and characterize better performing features for regression and classification problems. Given the importance of photometric redshift estimation, we adopt it as our case study. We synthetically created 4,520 features by combining magnitudes, errors, radii, and ellipticities of quasars, taken from the SDSS. We apply a forward selection process, a recursive method in which a huge number of feature sets is tested through a kNN algorithm, leading to a tree of feature sets. The branches of the tree are then used to perform experiments with the random forest, in order to validate the best set with an alternative model. We demonstrate that the sets of features determined with our approach improve the performances of the regression models significantly when compared to the performance of the classic features from the literature. The found features are unexpected and surprising, being very different from the classic features. Therefore, a method to interpret some of the found features in a physical context is presented. The methodology described here is very general and can be used to improve the performance of machine learning models for any regression or classification task.
description: 21 pages, 11 figures, accepted for publication on A&A, final version after language revision
Optimized Configuration Interaction Approach for Trapped Multiparticle Systems Interacting Via Contact Forces
Creators: name: Kościk, Przemysław
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: For one-dimensional systems with delta-contact interactions, the convergence of the exact-diagonalization method is tested with a basis of harmonic oscillator eigenfunctions with frequency $Ω$ optimized through the minimization of the eigenenergy of the desired level. It is shown that within the framework of this approach the well-converged results can be achieved at much smaller dimensions of the Hamiltonian matrix than with the standard approach that uses $Ω=1$. We present calculations for model systems of identical bosons with harmonic and double-well potentials. Our results show promising potential for diminishing the computational cost of numerical simulations of various systems of trapped ultracold atoms.
description: 4 pages, 3 fugures, Accepted by Physics Letters A
Event plane dependence of the flow modulated background in di-hadron and jet-hadron correlations in heavy ion collisions
Creators: name: Nattrass, Christine
name: Todoroki, Takahito
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Di-hadron and jet-hadron correlations are commonly used in relativistic heavy ion collisions to study the soft component of jets in a quark gluon plasma. There is a large correlated background which is described by the Fourier decomposition of the azimuthal anisotropy where $v_n$ is the $n$th order coefficient. The path length dependence of partonic energy loss can be studied by varying the angle of the high momentum trigger particle or jet relative to a reconstructed event plane. This modifies the shape of the background correlated with that event plane. The original derivation of the shape of this background only considered correlations relative to the second order event plane, which is correlated to the initial participant plane. We derive the shape of this background for an event plane at an arbitrary order. There is a phase shift in the case of jets restricted to asymmetric regions relative to the event plane. For realistic correlations between event planes, the correlation between the second and fourth order event planes leads to a much smaller effect than the finite event plane resolution at each order. Finally, we assess the status of the rapidity even $v_1$ term due to flow, which has been measured to be comparable to $v_2$ and $v_3$ terms.
description: Published version
The multi-patch logistic equation with asymmetric migration
Creators: name: Elbetch, Bilel
name: Benzekri, Tounsia
name: Massart, Daniel
name: Sari, Tewfik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 37N25, 92D25

description: This paper considers a multi-patch model, where each patch follows a logistic law, and patches are coupled by asymmetrical migration terms. First, in the case of perfect mixing, i.e when the migration rate tends to infinity, the total population follows a logistic equation with a carrying capacity which in general is different from the sum of the n carrying capacities, and depends on the migration terms. Second, we determine, in some particular cases, the conditions under which fragmentation and asymmetrical migration can lead to a total equilibrium population greater or smaller than the sum of the carrying capacities. Finally, for the three-patch model, we show numerically the existence of at least three critical values of the migration rate for which the total equilibrium population equals the sum of the carrying capacities.
description: 29 pages, 7 figures, 1 table. Section 5 added in version 2
Pion mass difference from vacuum polarization
Creators: name: JLQCD Collaboration
name: Shintani, E.
name: Fukaya, H.
name: Hashimoto, S.
name: Matsufuru, H.
name: Noaki, J.
name: Onogi, T.
name: Yamada, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate the electromagnetic contribution to the pion mass difference, $Δm^2_π=m^2_{π^+}-m^2_{π^0}$, in the chiral limit through the $VV-AA$ type vacuum polarization using Das-Guralnik-Mathur-Low-Young (DGMLY) sum rule. The calculation is made with two-flavors of dynamical overlap fermions on a $16^3\times 32$ lattice at $a\sim$0.12 fm. The exact chiral symmetry of the overlap fermion is essential to control the systematic error in the difference $VV-AA$. We obtain $Δm_π^2 = 1024(100) {\rm MeV^2}$ combining the lattice data with the perturbative contribution in the high momentum region evaluated by the operator product expansion. By analyzing the momentum dependence of the vacuum polarization, we also obtain pion decay constant $f_π$ and the low-energy constants $L_{10}^r$ in the chiral limit.
description: 7 pages, 2 figures, talk (Hadron spectroscopy) presented at the XXV International Symposium on Lattice Field Theory, July 30 - August 4, 2007, Regensburg, Germany
Structure of fine Selmer groups over $\mathbb{Z}_p$-extensions
Creators: name: Lim, Meng Fai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: This paper is concerned with the study of the fine Selmer group of an abelian variety over a $\mathbb{Z}_p$-extension which is not necessarily cyclotomic. It has been conjectured that these fine Selmer groups are always torsion over $\mathbb{Z}_p[[Γ]]$, where $Γ$ is the Galois group of the $\mathbb{Z}_p$-extension in question. In this paper, we shall provide several strong evidences towards this conjecture. Namely, we show that the conjectural torsionness is consistent with the pseudo-nullity conjecture of Coates-Sujatha. We also show that if the conjecture is known for the cyclotomic $\mathbb{Z}_p$-extension, then it holds for almost all $\mathbb{Z}_p$-extensions. We then carry out a similar study for the fine Selmer group of an elliptic modular form. When the modular forms are ordinary and come from a Hida family, we relate the torsionness of the fine Selmer groups of the specialization. This latter result allows us to show that the conjectural torsionness in certain cases is consistent with the growth number conjecture of Mazur. Finally, we end with some speculations on the torsionness of fine Selmer groups over an arbitrary $p$-adic Lie extension.
description: Several minor changes and corrections; update status of references
$W_\infty$ and Anomalies of Self-Dual Einstein Theories
Creators: name: Rodgers, V. G. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1992
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This manuscripts corrects some minor error in the paper, Mod. Phys. Lett. A 6 1893 (1991)
description: (revised due to TeXnical errors), 11 pages
Gluing Karcher-Scherk saddle towers I: Triply periodic minimal surfaces
Creators: name: Chen, Hao
name: Traizet, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53A10, 05C10

description: We construct minimal surfaces by gluing simply periodic Karcher--Scherk saddle towers along their wings. Such constructions were previously implemented assuming a horizontal reflection plane. We break this symmetry by prescribing phase differences between the saddle towers. It turns out that, in addition to the previously known horizontal balancing condition, the saddle towers must also be balanced under a subtle vertical interaction. This interaction vanishes in the presence of a horizontal reflection plane, hence was not perceived in previous works.
 Our construction will be presented in a series of papers. In this first paper of the series, we will explain the background of the project and establish the graph theoretical setup that will be useful for all papers in the series. The main task of the current paper is to glue saddle towers into triply periodic minimal surfaces (TPMSs). Our construction expands many previously known TPMSs into new 5-parameter families, therefore significantly advances our knowledge on the space of TPMSs.
description: 42 pages, 11 figures. Reorganization & new images. Feedbacks welcome
Stochastic basins of attraction and generalized committor functions
Creators: name: Lindner, Michael
name: Hellmann, Frank
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We generalize the concept of basin of attraction of a stable state in order to facilitate the analysis of dynamical systems with noise and to assess stability properties of metastable states and long transients. To this end we examine the notions of mean sojourn times and absorption probabilities for Markov chains and study their relation to the basins of attraction. Our approach is applicable to a large variety of problems since in most cases the transfer operator associated to a dynamical system can be approximated by a Markov chain.
Salient Objects in Clutter
Creators: name: Fan, Deng-Ping
name: Zhang, Jing
name: Xu, Gang
name: Cheng, Ming-Ming
name: Shao, Ling
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper identifies and addresses a serious design bias of existing salient object detection (SOD) datasets, which unrealistically assume that each image should contain at least one clear and uncluttered salient object. This design bias has led to a saturation in performance for state-of-the-art SOD models when evaluated on existing datasets. However, these models are still far from satisfactory when applied to real-world scenes. Based on our analyses, we propose a new high-quality dataset and update the previous saliency benchmark. Specifically, our dataset, called Salient Objects in Clutter~\textbf{(SOC)}, includes images with both salient and non-salient objects from several common object categories. In addition to object category annotations, each salient image is accompanied by attributes that reflect common challenges in common scenes, which can help provide deeper insight into the SOD problem. Further, with a given saliency encoder, e.g., the backbone network, existing saliency models are designed to achieve mapping from the training image set to the training ground-truth set. We, therefore, argue that improving the dataset can yield higher performance gains than focusing only on the decoder design. With this in mind, we investigate several dataset-enhancement strategies, including label smoothing to implicitly emphasize salient boundaries, random image augmentation to adapt saliency models to various scenarios, and self-supervised learning as a regularization strategy to learn from small datasets. Our extensive results demonstrate the effectiveness of these tricks. We also provide a comprehensive benchmark for SOD, which can be found in our repository: https://github.com/DengPingFan/SODBenchmark.
description: 349 references, 20 pages, survey 201 models, benchmark 100 models. Online benchmark: https://github.com/DengPingFan/SODBenchmark
Assessing the severity of diatom deformities using geometric morphometry
Creators: name: Cerisier, Angélique
name: Vedrenne, Jacky
name: Lavoie, Isabelle
name: Morin, Soizic
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Plant Biology

description: Deformities in diatoms are increasingly used as an indicator of toxic stress in freshwaters. However, the percentage of deformities alone often fails at highlighting the magnitude of toxic exposure. An approach combining the assessment of deformities coupled with information on their severity could improve the sensitivity of this biomarker. With the aim of quantifying the deviation from the normal form, we tested the applicability of geometric morphometry to evaluate the degree of deformities in different diatom species. We used photomicrographs of normal and deformed specimens from laboratory cultures of Gomphonema gracile, Nitzschia palea, and of Achnanthidium minutissimum from field samples collected along a gradient of toxic contamination. The geometric morphometry approach is based on several landmarks positioned on the outline of the diatom valves. Statistical analyses were conducted based on the geometrical coordinates of the landmarks. This technique allowed to discriminate between normal and deformed individuals. The geometric morphometry approach revealed a gradient in the intensity of the deformities observed on Gomphonema gracile and Achnanthidium minutissimum, in-line with a priori, visually determined (subjective) classifications. A relationship between the degree of deformity in Achnanthidium minutissimum and a gradient of zinc contamination was found. In contrast, the approach failed to obtain good fit for Nitzschia palea individuals because deformities in this species were more variable in terms of their location on the valves. Geometric morphometry provided encouraging results to objectively quantify the intensity of diatom deformities affecting valve outline, and could easily be implemented in further automatic diatom identification developments.
Finiteness and anomalies in (4,0) supersymmetric sigma models
Creators: name: Howe, P. S.
name: Papadopoulos, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1992
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Power-counting arguments based on extended superfields have been used to argue that two-dimensional supersymmetric sigma models with (4,0) supersymmetry are finite. This result is confirmed up to three loop order in pertubation theory by an explicit calculation using (1,0) superfields. In particular, it is shown that the finite counterterms which must be introduced into the theory in order to maintain (4,0) supersymmetry are precisely the terms that are required to establish ultra-violet finiteness.
description: 19 pages
A FURTHER RETURN To an Order of the House for a return of the Rules and Regulations framed and made by a Commission of three persons appointed under the powers conferred on the Government by "An Act regulating the Practice and Procedure of the Supreme Court, 1887," together with the amendments or alterations of such Rules and Regulations, if any, that have been made by the Lieutenant-Governor in Council, and all correspondence relating to such subjects.
Creators: name: British Columbia. Legislative Assembly
Publisher: name: Victoria, BC : Government Printer
Year: 2014

Abstract
title: ADCO, Sixième cartulaire de Saint-Étienne de Dijon (1662), Cart. 30 (G 133), 441 folios, f. 188
Creators: name: de la Côte d'Or, Archives départementales
name: CG21/F.PETOT/2012
name: Petot, Frédéric
name: Archives Départementales De La Côte-D'Or
name: Petot, Frédérique
name: Projet CBMA
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: LaMOP
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris
subject: cartulaire
subject: Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi
subject: Chartes de la Bourgogne du Moyen Âge

description: Sixième cartulaire de Saint-Étienne de Dijon (1662), Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, Cart. 30 (G 133), 441 folios, f. 188, Numérisation en mode image.
description: Relation: http://www.cbma-project.eu/
description: Bibliographic citation: Sixième cartulaire de Saint-Étienne de Dijon (1662), Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, Cart. 30 (G 133), 441 folios, f. 188, in Projet CBMA - Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi [Ressource en ligne], https://manuscrits.cbma-project.eu/
description: Provenance: abbaye Saint-Étienne de Dijon
description: Provenance: http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q15945019
Entanglement renormalization in fermionic systems
Creators: name: Evenbly, G.
name: Vidal, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate, in the context of quadratic fermion lattice models in one and two spatial dimensions, the potential of entanglement renormalization (ER) to define a proper real-space renormalization group transformation. Our results show, for the first time, the validity of the multi-scale entanglement renormalization ansatz (MERA) to describe ground states in two dimensions, even at a quantum critical point. They also unveil a connection between the performance of ER and the logarithmic violations of the boundary law for entanglement in systems with a one-dimensional Fermi surface. ER is recast in the language of creation/annihilation operators and correlation matrices.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures Second appendix added
Casimir-Polder Potential of a Driven Atom
Creators: name: Fuchs, Sebastian
name: Bennett, Robert
name: Buhmann, Stefan Yoshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate theoretically the Casimir-Polder potential of an atom which is driven by a laser field close to a surface. This problem is addressed in the framework of macroscopic quantum electrodynamics using the Green's tensor formalism and we distinguish between two different approaches, a perturbative ansatz and a method based on Bloch equations. We apply our results to a concrete example, namely an atom close to a perfectly conducting mirror, and create a scenario where the tunable Casimir-Polder potential becomes similar to the respective potential of an undriven atom due to fluctuating field modes. Whereas the perturbative approach is restricted to large detunings, the ansatz based on Bloch equations is exact and yields an expression for the potential which does not exceed 1/2 of the undriven Casimir-Polder potential.
description: 13 pages, 8 figures
Moduli Corrections to Gravitational Couplings from String loops
Creators: name: Antoniadis, I.
name: Gava, E.
name: Narain, K. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1992
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study moduli dependent threshold corrections to gravitational couplings in the case of the heterotic string compactified on a symmetric orbifold, for untwisted moduli, extending previous analysis on gauge couplings. Like in the gauge case, the contribution comes entirely from the spacetime $N=2$ sector. As a byproduct, this calculation provides a simple derivation of the trace anomaly coefficients for the different fields coupled to gravity.
description: 9 pages
Влияние активации адренорецепторов на параметры эжекции левого желудочка в эксперименте
Creators: name: Кошкарёва Г. М.
name: Яхонтов С. В.
Publisher: name: Сибирский медицинский журнал (Томск)
Year: 2007
Subjects: параметры эжекции левого желудочка
активация адренорецепторов
влияние притока крови к сердцу
left ventricular ejection parameters
adrenoreceptors activation
influence of blood inflow to the heart

description: Исследовано взаимодействие левого желудочка и аорты при моделировании рассогласования параметров сокращения желудочка и тонуса аорты экзогенной активацией адренорецепторов. Определены механизмы формирования пульсовых составляющих нагрузки сердца в этих условиях, выявлена относительная независимость пульсовых составляющих АД от величины притока крови к сердцу.
description: Interrelation of left ventricle and aorta in modeling mismatching ejection parameters of the ventricle and aortic tone using exogenous activation of adrenal receptors was studied. Mechanisms of forming pulse components of cardiac load in these conditions are determined, relative independence of pulse components of arterial pressure on value of blood inflow to the heart is revealed.
Genesys integration
Creators: name: Marsella, Marco
Publisher: name: ITPGRFA
Year: 2024
Subjects: ITPGRFA
GLIS
DOI
Genesys

description: This GLIS Technical Note describes the integration with Genesys for the additon of Genesys links to the DOI's landing page and updating of GLIS descriptors from Genesys.
Exact non-Markovian dynamics of Gaussian quantum channels: Finite-time and asymptotic regimes
Creators: name: Torre, Gianpaolo
name: Illuminati, Fabrizio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the Markovian and non-Markovian dynamics of Gaussian quantum channels, exploiting a recently introduced necessary and sufficient criterion and the ensuing measure of non-Markovianity based on the violation of the divisibility property of the dynamical map. We compare the paradigmatic instances of Quantum Brownian motion (QBM) and Pure Damping (PD) channels, and for the former we find that the exact dynamical evolution is always non-Markovian in the finite-time as well as in the asymptotic regimes, for any nonvanishing value of the non-Markovianity parameter. If one resorts to the rotating wave approximated (RWA) form of the QBM, that neglects the anomalous diffusion contribution to the system dynamics, we show that such approximation fails to detect the non-Markovian nature of the dynamics. Finally, for the exact dynamics of the QBM in the asymptotic regime, we show that the quantifiers of non-Markovianity based on the distinguishability between quantum states fail to detect the non-Markovian nature of the dynamics.
description: 9 pages, 2 figures. The present work supersedes and replaces arXiv:1609.00917
Simplicial Convolutional Filters
Creators: name: Yang, Maosheng
name: Isufi, Elvin
name: Schaub, Michael T.
name: Leus, Geert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: Spectral Theory (math.SP)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We study linear filters for processing signals supported on abstract topological spaces modeled as simplicial complexes, which may be interpreted as generalizations of graphs that account for nodes, edges, triangular faces etc. To process such signals, we develop simplicial convolutional filters defined as matrix polynomials of the lower and upper Hodge Laplacians. First, we study the properties of these filters and show that they are linear and shift-invariant, as well as permutation and orientation equivariant. These filters can also be implemented in a distributed fashion with a low computational complexity, as they involve only (multiple rounds of) simplicial shifting between upper and lower adjacent simplices. Second, focusing on edge-flows, we study the frequency responses of these filters and examine how we can use the Hodge-decomposition to delineate gradient, curl and harmonic frequencies. We discuss how these frequencies correspond to the lower- and the upper-adjacent couplings and the kernel of the Hodge Laplacian, respectively, and can be tuned independently by our filter designs. Third, we study different procedures for designing simplicial convolutional filters and discuss their relative advantages. Finally, we corroborate our simplicial filters in several applications: to extract different frequency components of a simplicial signal, to denoise edge flows, and to analyze financial markets and traffic networks.
description: 16 pages, 13 figures, 2 tables
Scaling analysis of normal state properties of high-temperature superconductors
Creators: name: Luo, H. G.
name: Su, Y. H.
name: Xiang, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a model-independent scaling method to study the physical properties of high-temperature superconductors in the normal state. We have analyze the experimental data of the c-axis resistivity, the in-plane resistivity, the Hall coefficient, the magnetic susceptibility, the spin-lattice relaxation rate, and the thermoelectric power using this method. It is shown that all these physical quantities exhibit good scaling behaviors, controlled purely by the pseudogap energy scale in the normal state. The doping dependence of the pseudogap obtained from this scaling analysis agrees with the experimental results of angle-resolved photoemission and other measurements. It sheds light on the understanding of the basic electronic structure of high-Tc oxides.
description: 18 pages, 11 figures; four references added and typos corrected for publication
Multistate metadynamics for automatic exploration of conical intersections
Creators: name: Lindner, Joachim O.
name: Röhr, Merle I. S.
name: Mitrić, Roland
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce multistate metadynamics for automatic exploration of conical intersection seams between adiabatic Born-Oppenheimer potential energy surfaces in molecular systems. By choosing the energy gap between the electronic states as a collective variable the metadynamics drives the system from an arbitrary ground-state configuration toward the intersection seam. Upon reaching the seam, the multistate electronic Hamiltonian is extended by introducing biasing potentials into the off-diagonal elements, and the molecular dynamics is continued on a modified potential energy surface obtained by diagonalization of the latter. The off-diagonal bias serves to locally open the energy gap and push the system to the next intersection point. In this way, the conical intersection energy landscape can be explored, identifying minimum energy crossing points and the barriers separating them. We illustrate the method on the example of furan, a prototype organic molecule exhibiting rich photophysics. The multistate metadynamics reveals plateaus on the conical intersection energy landscape from which the minimum energy crossing points with characteristic geometries can be extracted. The method can be combined with the broad spectrum of electronic structure methods and represents a generally applicable tool for the exploration of photophysics and photochemistry in complex molecules and materials.
description: published in Phys. Rev. A
Note Illustrative della Carta geologica d'Italia alla scala 1:50.000, F. 412 La Maddalena, Servizio Geologico d'Italia - ISPRA
Creators: name: Oggiano, G.
name: Aversano, A.
name: Cherchi, G.P.
name: Pisa, A.
name: Orrù, P.
name: Ulzega, A.
name: Pintus, C.
name: Piliga, G.
Publisher: name: INFN Open Access Repository
Year: 2015
Subjects: carta geologica, La Maddalena, Regione Sardegna, CARG, stratigrafia, tettonica, sottosuolo, geological map, stratigraphy, tectonics, subsurface

description: Note illustrative redatte per il Foglio geologico n. 411 S. Teresa di Gallura della Carta Geologica d'Italia alla scala 1:50.000. 126 pp.
JEM_2577_Greenwood - Appendix - Contents of Flowers by Villegas and Ribadeneyra_MCC.pdf
Creators: name: Greenwood, Jonathan E.
Publisher: name: Brill Online
Year: 2018
Subjects: History

description: Flores sanctorum (Flowers of the Saints, hereafter flowers) were a uniquely Iberian genre immersed in European efforts to collect the lives of saints and then arrange them according to the liturgical year. Although one of the first books printed in Spain, the genre went into decline by the mid-sixteenth century due to ongoing Inquisitorial censure. Flowers, however, grew again thanks to Alonso de Villegas and later Pedro de Ribadeneyra. This duo’s use of the liturgy resulted in the differentiation between the saints in the Breviary and the extravagantes
(wanderers), holy persons wandering outside of the official calendar prepared by the Roman Church. To cultivate their flowers, Villegas and Ribadeneyra relied on metaphrasis, a method started by Symeon Metaphrastes, a Byzantine cleric and wanderer from the tenth century. While thoroughly Iberian, flowers extended beyond the Peninsula to incorporate practices from the Catholic and Eastern churches.
Dissipative quantum systems modeled by a two level reservoir coupling
Creators: name: Caldeira, A. O.
name: Neto, A. H. Castro
name: de Carvalho, T. Oliveira
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1993
Subjects: subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The coupling between a quantum dynamical system and a two-level system reservoir is analysed within the framework of the Feynman-Vernon theory. We stress the differences between this new reservoir and the well-known bath of oscillators and show that, in order to obtain the Langevin equation for the system of interest in the high temperature regime, we have to choose a spectral distribution function $J(ω)$ which is finite for $ω=0$.
description: 6 pages, RevteX, preprint UNICAMP
Thermodynamic modeling of the Pd-Zn system with uncertainty quantification and its implication to tailor catalysts
Creators: name: Gong, Rushi
name: Shang, Shun-Li
name: Sun, Hui
name: Janik, Michael J.
name: Liu, Zi-Kui
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Pd-Zn intermetallic catalysts show encouraging combinations of activity and selectivity on well-defined active site ensembles. Thermodynamic description of the Pd-Zn system, delineating phase boundaries, and enumerating site occupancies within intermediate alloy phases, are essential to determining the ensembles of Pd-Zn atoms as a function of composition and temperature. Combining the present extensive first-principles calculations based on density functional theory (DFT) and available experimental data, the Pd-Zn system was remodeled using the CALculation of PHAse Diagrams (CALPHAD) approach. High throughput modeling tools with uncertainty quantification, i.e., ESPEI and PyCalphad, were incorporated in the phase analysis. The site occupancies across the γ-phase composition region were given special attention. A four-sublattice model was used for the γ-phase owing to its four Wyckoff positions, i.e., the outer tetrahedral (OT) site 8c, the inner tetrahedral (IT) site 8c, the octahedral (OH) 12e, and the cuboctahedral (CO) site 24g. The site fractions of Pd and Zn calculated from the present thermodynamic model show the occupancy preference of Pd in the OT and OH sublattices in agreement with experimental observations. The force constants obtained from DFT-based phonon calculations further supports the tendency of Pd occupying the OH sublattice compared with the IT and CO sublattice. The catalytic assembles changing from Pd monomers (Pd1) to trimers (Pd3) on the surface of the γ-phase is attributed to the increase of Pd occupancy in the OH sublattice.
description: 12 figures
RETURN To an Order of the House for a Return showing the amount at which Personal Property is assessed in the Province, and the amount of taxes received under this heading in the different municipalities, between the 30th June, 1887, and the 31st December, 1888; also, the names of all persons assessed on Income, the amount at which each such person is assessed in each of the several Electoral Districts, designating the names of all persons assessed in each Municipality which forms only a part of any such Electoral District.
Creators: name: British Columbia. Legislative Assembly
Publisher: name: Victoria, BC : Government Printer
Year: 2014

Abstract
Dynamical topological invariants and reduced rate functions for dynamical quantum phase transitions in two dimensions
Creators: name: Qiu, Xingze
name: Deng, Tian-Shu
name: Guo, Guang-Can
name: Yi, Wei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that dynamical quantum phase transitions (DQPTs) in the quench dynamics of two-dimensional topological systems can be characterized by a dynamical topological invariant defined along an appropriately chosen closed contour in momentum space. Such a dynamical topological invariant reflects the vorticity of dynamical vortices responsible for the DQPTs, and thus serves as a dynamical topological order parameter in two dimensions. We demonstrate that when the contour crosses topologically protected fixed points in the quench dynamics, an intimate connection can be established between the dynamical topological order parameter in two dimensions and those in one dimension. We further define a reduced rate function of the Loschmidt echo on the contour, which features non-analyticities at critical times and is sufficient to characterize DQPTs in two dimensions. We illustrate our results using the Haldane honeycomb model and the quantum anomalous Hall model as concrete examples, both of which have been experimentally realized using cold atoms.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures; references added
Some different alternatives for forest understory crops (PA) - Erilaisia vaihtoehtoja peltometsäviljelykasveiksi
Creators: name: , Rois
name: M.
name: & Den Herder
name: M.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: hop
stinging nettle
ginseng
agroforestry
humala
nokkonen
agrometsätalous
peltometsäviljely
metsämaaviljely

description: Joidenkin tällä hetkellä harvinaisten viljelykasvien tuotanto voisi olla mahdollista peltometsäviljely-tai metsäviljelyjärjestelmissä.Suomalaisen kotimaisen humalan kasvattamista kohtaan on kiinnostusta. Paikalliset pienpanimot ovat kiinnostuneita tuottamaan aidosti paikallista tuotetta. Vaikka useimmat paikallisesti tuotetun oluen ainesosat ovat paikallisia, humala tuodaan aina ulkomailta (Yhdysvallat, Saksa,Tšekki). Luonnonvarakeskus (LUKE) on käynnistänyt uuden projektin, jossa se on kerännyt noin 1000 suomalaista humalalajikketta, lähinnä aktiivisilta ja hylätyiltä tiloilta ja puutarhoista. LUKE tutkii yhdessä paikallisten panimojen kanssa, mitkä alkuperäiset lajikkeet olisivat sopivia oluen tuotantoon. Lupaavimmat humalan lajikkeet valitaan kasvukokeissa niin, että olutta olisi mahdollista valmistaa. Humalaa kasvatetaan yleensä puisten rimojen tukemana pellolla. Jos humalaa tuetaan puilla tai kasvatetaan metsän ja pellon rajalla, se voisi olla uusi agrometsätaloustuote.Nokkosen kuitua voidaan käyttää ekologisen tekstiilin raaka-aineena. Sitä voidaan tuottaa alueilla, joilla on lauhkea, kostea ilmasto, ja se voi olla ympäristöystävällisempi vaihtoehto kuin puuvilla, viskoosi, bambu tai tekokuidut (nailon, polyesteri). Nokkosta voidaan käyttää myös C-vitamiiniuutteissa ja suoraan kulutukseen (esim. pinaatin korvaajana). Nokkonen kasvaa hyvin yhdessä tervalepän kanssa. Leppää, jota kasvatetaan pidemmässä kierrossa, voidaan käyttää puutuotteidenvalmistuksessa (huonekalut,ikkunakehykset, puukengät, lelut, lyijykynät, kulhot). Puuvoi elää jopa 160 vuotta, mutta se on parasta korjata 60–70-vuotiaana ennen sydänlahon alkamista. Leppä voidaankasvattaa joko yksintai sekaistutusmetsissä, ja maahan tippuvat typpipitoiset lehdet rikastuttavat maaperää ja lisäävät puiden, kuten jalopähkinäpuun, douglaskuusen ja poppelin, kasvua huonolaatuisessa maaperässä.Kiinanginseng Panax ginseng on lääkekasvi, jota on viljelty Kiinassa tuhansia vuosia. Kiina ja Yhdysvallat ovat suurimmat ginsengin tuottajat. Tutkimukset ovat osoittaneet, että amerikanginsengiä Panax quinquefoliumia voidaan viljellä Pohjois-Euroopan lauhkeassa ja boreaalisessa ilmastossa. Ginsengiä voidaan kasvattaa sekä pelloilla että metsissä. Ginseng tarvitsee varjoa, joten kasvit on suojattava katolla peltokasvatuksessa. Ginsengin tuotanto metsissä on hieman alhaisempaa kuin pellolla. Yksi suuri metsäviljelyn etu on kuitenkin se, ettei kattoa tarvitse rakentaa. Lisäksi ginseng voi tarjota lisätuloa metsänomistajille. Yksi pieni ginseng-laatikko maksaa noin 25 euroa. Ginsengiä kasvatetaan siemenistä ja juuret voidaan korjata 5 vuoden kuluttua. - The 'Practice Abstract' explains about crops that could be used in agroforestry in Finland, increasing the revenues of the forest.
Gain Stabilization of a Submillimeter SIS Heterodyne Receiver
Creators: name: Battat, James
name: Blundell, Raymond
name: Hunter, Todd R.
name: Kimberk, Robert
name: Leiker, Patrick S.
name: Tong, Cheuk-yu Edward
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have designed a system to stabilize the gain of a submillimeter heterodyne receiver against thermal fluctuations of the mixing element. In the most sensitive heterodyne receivers, the mixer is usually cooled to 4 K using a closed-cycle cryocooler, which can introduce ~1% fluctuations in the physical temperature of the receiver components. We compensate for the resulting mixer conversion gain fluctuations by monitoring the physical temperature of the mixer and adjusting the gain of the intermediate frequency (IF) amplifier that immediately follows the mixer. This IF power stabilization scheme, developed for use at the Submillimeter Array (SMA), a submillimeter interferometer telescope on Mauna Kea in Hawaii, routinely achieves a receiver gain stability of 1 part in 6,000 (rms to mean). This is an order of magnitude improvement over the typical uncorrected stability of 1 part in a few hundred. Our gain stabilization scheme is a useful addition to SIS heterodyne receivers that are cooled using closed-cycle cryocoolers in which the 4 K temperature fluctuations tend to be the leading cause of IF power fluctuations.
description: 7 pages, 6 figures accepted to IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques
Mars Thermospheric Variability Revealed by MAVEN EUVM Solar Occultations: Structure at Aphelion and Perihelion, and Response to EUV Forcing
Creators: name: Thiemann, E. M. B.
name: Eparvier, F. G.
name: Bougher, S. W.
name: Dominique, M.
name: Andersson, L.
name: Girazian, Z.
name: Pilinski, M. D.
name: Templeman, B.
name: Jakosky, B. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Mars thermosphere holds clues to the evolution of the Martian climate, and has practical implications for spacecraft visiting Mars, which often use it for aerobraking upon arrival, or for landers, which must pass through it. Nevertheless, it has been sparsely characterized, even when past accelerometer measurements and remote observations are taken into account. The Mars Atmosphere and Volatile EvolutioN (MAVEN) orbiter, which includes a number of instruments designed to characterize the thermosphere, has greatly expanded the available thermospheric observations. This paper presents new and unanticipated measurements of density and temperature profiles (120-200 km) derived from solar occultations using the MAVEN Extreme Ultraviolet (EUV) Monitor. These new measurements complement and expand MAVEN's intended thermospheric measurement capacity. In particular, because the local-time is inherently fixed to the terminator, solar occultations are ideally suited for characterizing long-term and latitudinal variability. Occultation measurements are made during approximately half of all orbits, resulting in thousands of new thermospheric profiles. The density retrieval method is presented in detail, including an uncertainty analysis. Altitude-latitude maps of thermospheric density and temperature at perihelion and aphelion are presented, revealing structures that have not been previously observed. Tracers of atmospheric dynamics are also observed, including a high altitude polar warming feature at intermediate latitudes, and an apparent thermostatic response to solar EUV heating during a solar rotation, which shows heating at high altitudes that is accompanied by cooling at lower altitudes.
description: Submitted to JGR: Planets
Why Machine Learning Works
Creators: name: Montanez, George D.
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: 170203 Knowledge Representation and Machine Learning
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: To better understand why machine learning works, we cast learning problems as searches and characterize what makes searches successful. We prove that any search algorithm can only perform well on a narrow subset of problems, and show the effects of dependence on raising the probability of success for searches. We examine two popular ways of understanding what makes machine learning work, empirical risk minimization and compression, and show how they fit within our search frame-work. Leveraging the “dependence-first” view of learning, we apply this knowledge to areas of unsupervised time-series segmentation and automated hyperparameter optimization, developing new algorithms with strong empirical performance on real-world problem classes.
Advection-Dominated Accretion: Self-Similarity and Bipolar Outflows
Creators: name: Narayan, Ramesh
name: Yi, Insu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1994
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider axisymmetric viscous accretion flows where a fraction f of the viscously dissipated energy is advected with the accreting gas as stored entropy and a fraction 1-f is radiated. When f is small (i.e. very little advection), our solutions resemble standard thin disks in many respects except that they have a hot tenuous corona above. In the opposite {\it advection-dominated} limit ($f\rightarrow1$), the solutions approach nearly spherical accretion. The gas is almost at virial temperature, rotates at much below the Keplerian rate, and the flow is much more akin to Bondi accretion than to disk accretion. We compare our exact self-similar solutions with approximate solutions previously obtained using a height-integrated system of equations. We conclude that the height- integration approximation is excellent for a wide range of conditions. We find that the Bernoulli parameter is positive in all our solutions, especially close to the rotation axis. This effect is produced by viscous transport of energy from small to large radii and from the equator to the poles. In addition, all the solutions are convectively unstable and the convection is especially important near the rotation axis. For both reasons we suggest that a bipolar outflow will develop along the axis of the flows, fed by material from the the surface layers of the equatorial inflow.
description: 22 Pages, 5 Figures are available by request to yi@cfa.harvard.edu, Plain Tex, CfA Preprint No. 3931, To Appear in Astrophysical Journal 5/1/95
Midisuperspace-Induced Corrections to the Wheeler De Witt Equation
Creators: name: Mazzitelli, Francisco D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1992
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the midisuperspace of four dimensional spherically symmetric metrics and the Kantowski-Sachs minisuperspace contained in it. We discuss the quantization of the midisuperspace using the fact that the dimensionally reduced Einstein Hilbert action becomes a scalar-tensor theory of gravity in two dimensions. We show that the covariant regularization procedure in the midisuperspace induces modifications into the minisuperspace Wheeler DeWitt equation.
description: 7 pages
Supervised Hebbian Learning
Creators: name: Alemanno, Francesco
name: Aquaro, Miriam
name: Kanter, Ido
name: Barra, Adriano
name: Agliari, Elena
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In neural network's Literature, Hebbian learning traditionally refers to the procedure by which the Hopfield model and its generalizations store archetypes (i.e., definite patterns that are experienced just once to form the synaptic matrix). However, the term "Learning" in Machine Learning refers to the ability of the machine to extract features from the supplied dataset (e.g., made of blurred examples of these archetypes), in order to make its own representation of the unavailable archetypes. Here, given a sample of examples, we define a supervised learning protocol by which the Hopfield network can infer the archetypes, and we detect the correct control parameters (including size and quality of the dataset) to depict a phase diagram for the system performance. We also prove that, for structureless datasets, the Hopfield model equipped with this supervised learning rule is equivalent to a restricted Boltzmann machine and this suggests an optimal and interpretable training routine. Finally, this approach is generalized to structured datasets: we highlight a quasi-ultrametric organization (reminiscent of replica-symmetry-breaking) in the analyzed datasets and, consequently, we introduce an additional "replica hidden layer" for its (partial) disentanglement, which is shown to improve MNIST classification from 75% to 95%, and to offer a new perspective on deep architectures.