cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Cloaks, editors, and bubbles: applications of spacetime transformation theory
Creators: name: Kinsler, Paul
name: McCall, Martin W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Spacetime or `event' cloaking was recently introduced as a concept, and the theoretical design for such a cloak was presented for illumination by electromagnetic waves [McCall, Favaro, Kinsler, Boardman 2011]. Here we describe how event cloaks can be designed for simple wave systems, using either an approximate `speed cloak' method, or an exact full-wave one. Further, we discuss in detail many of the implications of spacetime transformation devices, covering their (usually) directional nature, spacetime distortions (as opposed to cloaks), and how leaky cloaks manifest themselves. We also address more exotic concepts that follow naturally on from considerations of simple spacetime transformation devices, such as spacetime modeling and causality editors; and describe a proposal for implementing the interrupt-without-interrupt concept suggested by McCall et al. We also describe how we might make a simple time-dependent `bubbleverse' by embedding a modulated Maxwell's Fisheye transformation device (T-device) in a flat background spacetime.
description: 11 pages, 12 figures (v2 - update fig 6, 7) (v3 - closer to published version) Previously titled "Some thoughts on spacetime transformation theory"
From Patricide and Child God to Revolutionary Martyr and Filial Son: Changing Ideological Representations of Nezha in Two Chinese Animated Films
Creators: Dong, Xiaoxiao
Publisher: name: University of Alberta Library
Year: 2023

Through a comparative close reading of four Chinese animated films adapted from the story of Nezha, a Chinese patricide and child god best known from the Ming dynasty novel Creations of the Gods, this study examines how animated films about Nezha reflect changing ideologies about rebelliousness under the rule of Mao Zedong and Xi Jinping, two patriarchal leaders considered to be the most authoritarian in China after 1949. Employing two major approaches, this thesis firstly analyzes the films, Havoc in Heaven (1986), Nezha Conquers the Dragon King (1979), Nezha: Birth of the Demon Child (2019) and New Gods: Nezha Reborn (2021), in relation to their cultural-political background and the dominant ideologies of Mao’s and Xi’s periods of rule respectively, and secondly it observes the films through the lens of Michel Foucault’s theory of disciplinary society. I argue that Nezha’s rebelliousness serves as a form of disguised discipline of youth by the governments of both eras.

The mainstream value of Mao’s era (1949-1976) called for youth to leave their biological families and join the proletarian revolution. This is reflected in such films as Nezha Conquers the Dragon King as Nezha’s break with his biological father, his union with his master, and his anarchist violence against class enemies. Nezha Conquers the Dragon King offers Nezha a certain degree of subjectivity and autonomy to withdraw from society through violent suicide scenes. The film’s symbolic simplistic binary serves as a political metaphor that challenges the propaganda of the official ideology and offers a potential avenue for resistance reading beyond the film text.

The official ideology of Xi’s era (2012-present), which promotes a revival of Confucian filiality and calls on singletons to be good children who love their parents and to be socialized into society, is reflected in films of the era as the fundamental conflicts between father and son being weakened into a lovely misunderstanding, as well as Nezha’s quarantine in continuous disciplinary enclosures such as family and school. In contrast with the films of the Maoist era, Nezha: Birth of The Demon Child weakens its dictatorial, patriarchal figures and all the fundamental conflicts, disguising Nezha’s correction and socialization as a rebellion against his evil nature and transforming Nezha’s struggles from a social issue about discrimination to a personal problem of a male only child in a modern middle-class Chinese urban family. The Xi- era film therefore eliminating the possibility of resistant reading.
The dark aftermath of Higgs inflation
Creators: name: Rinaldi, Massimiliano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this letter we study the dynamics of the late Universe when a nonminimally coupled Higgs field is present. In general, the nonminimal coupling leads to a nontrivial mixing between the gravitational degrees of freedom and the Goldstone massless bosons. We know that this is irrelevant during the inflationary phase. In contrast, in the late Universe the nonminimal coupling affects the classical equations of motion, leading to an acceleration of the expansion rate or to a collapse that forms Q-balls.
description: Matches the version accepted by EPJ+
Characterization and bioactive potential of secondary metabolites isolated from Piper sarmentosum Roxb.
Creators: name: Ware, Ismail
name: Franke, Katrin
name: Dube, Mthandazo
name: El-Enshasy, Hesham A.
name: Wessjohann, Ludger
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 580

description: Piper sarmentosum Roxb. (Piperaceae) is a traditional medicinal plant in South-East Asian countries. The chemical investigation of leaves from this species resulted in the isolation of three previously not described compounds, namely 4″-(3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaroyl)-2″-β-D-glucopyranosyl vitexin (1), kadukoside (2), and 6-O-trans-p-coumaroyl-D-glucono-1,4-lactone (3), together with 31 known compounds. Of these known compounds, 21 compounds were isolated for the first time from P. sarmentosum. The structures were established by 1D and 2D NMR techniques and HR-ESI-MS analyses. The compounds were evaluated for their anthelmintic (Caenorhabditis elegans), antifungal (Botrytis cinerea, Septoria tritici and Phytophthora infestans), antibacterial (Aliivibrio fischeri) and cytotoxic (PC-3 and HT-29 human cancer cells lines) activities. Methyl-3-(4-methoxyphenyl)propionate (8), isoasarone (12), and trans-asarone (15) demonstrated anthelmintic activity with IC50 values between 0.9 and 2.04 mM. Kadukoside (2) was most active against S. tritici with IC50 at 5.0 µM and also induced 94% inhibition of P. infestans growth at 125 µM. Trans-asarone (15), piperolactam A (23), and dehydroformouregine (24) displayed a dose-dependent effect against B. cinerea from 1.5 to 125 µM up to more than 80% inhibition. Paprazine (19), cepharadione A (21) and piperolactam A (23) inhibited bacterial growth by more than 85% at 100 µM. Only mild cytotoxic effects were observed.
Non-universal gaugino mass GUT models in the light of dark matter and LHC constraints
Creators: name: Chakrabortty, Joydeep
name: Mohanty, Subhendra
name: Rao, Soumya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We perform a comprehensive study of $SU(5)$, $SO(10)$ and $E(6)$ supersymmetric GUT models where the gaugino masses are generated through the F-term breaking vacuum expectation values of the non-singlet scalar fields. In these models the gauginos are non-universal at the GUT scale unlike in the mSUGRA scenario. We discuss the properties of the LSP which is stable and a viable candidate for cold dark matter. We look for the GUT scale parameter space that leads to the the lightest SM like Higgs mass in the range of 122-127 GeV compatible with the observations at ATLAS and CMS, the relic density in the allowed range of WMAP-PLANCK and compatible with other constraints from colliders and direct detection experiments. We scan universal scalar ($m_0^G$), trilinear coupling $A_0$ and $SU(3)_C$ gaugino mass ($M_3^G$) as the independent free parameters for these models. Based on the gaugino mass ratios at the GUT scale, we classify 25 SUSY GUT models and find that of these only 13 models satisfy the dark matter and collider constraints. Out of these 13 models there is only one model where there is a sizeable SUSY contribution to muon $(g-2)$.
description: 22 pages, 6 tables, 7 figures; new results added along with discussion; matches version to be published in JHEP
Consistent Emphatic Temporal-Difference Learning
Creators: He, Jiamin
Publisher: name: University of Alberta Library
Year: 2023

Off-policy policy evaluation has been a critical and challenging problem in reinforcement learning, and Temporal-Difference (TD) learning is one of the most important approaches for addressing it. There has been significant interest in searching for off-policy TD algorithms which find the same solution that would have been obtained in the on-policy regime. An important property of these algorithms is that their expected update has the same fixed point as that of On-policy TD(λ), which we call consistency. Notably, Full IS TD(λ) is the only existing consistent off-policy TD method under general linear function approximation but, unfortunately, has a high variance and is scarcely practical. This notorious high variance issue motivates the introduction of ETD(λ), which tames down the variance but has a biased fixed point. Inspired by these two methods, we propose a new consistent algorithm called Average Emphatic TD (AETD(λ)) with a transient bias, which strikes a balance between bias and variance. Further, we unify AETD(λ) with existing algorithms and obtain a new family of consistent algorithms called Consistent Emphatic TD (CETD(λ, β, ν)), which can control a smooth bias-variance trade-off by varying the speed at which the transient bias fades. Through theoretical analysis and experiments on a didactic example, we settle the consistency of CETD(λ, β, ν) and demonstrate this theoretical advantage empirically. Moreover, we show that CETD(λ, β, ν) converges faster to the lowest error in a complex task with a high variance.
Heterographis
Creators: name: Swezey, O. H.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1942
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Pyralidae
Heterographis

description: 2. Heterographis species. Orote Peninsula, July 19, two moths reared from larvae feeding among thrips-infested terminal leaves of small-leaved Ficus, Swezey. 3. Heterographis species. Piti, May 26, two moths reared from larvae on leaves of Peltophorum inerme, Swezey.
description: Published as part of Swezey, O. H., 1946, Lepidoptera, Geometridae, Arctiidae, Agrotidae, and Pyralidae of Guam, pp. 163-185 in Insects of Guam II, Honolulu, Hawaii :Bernice P. Bishop Museum Bulletin 189 on page 176, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5165313
Hyperhidrosis : a central nervous dysfunction of sweat secretion
Creators: name: Wohlrab, Johannes
name: Bechara, Falk Georges
name: Schick, Christoph
name: Naumann, Markus
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 611

description: Hyperhidrosis (HH) is a central nervous dysfunction characterized by abnormally increased sweating due to a central dysregulation of sweat secretion. HH significantly affects the quality of life of patients in their private, social and professional environments. Physiologically, sweating is a mechanism that regulates body temperature, but it may also be triggered by emotional or gustatory stimuli. There are two main types of sweat glands: eccrine and apocrine glands. The central nervous system controls sweat secretion through the release of neurotransmitters into the autonomous nervous system (ANS) that activate the sweat glands. The hypothalamus has two separate neuronal pathways, one for thermoregulation and one for emotions. HH may thus be due to either a neuronal dysfunction of ANS regulation leading to a hyperactivity of the sympathetic nervous system, or to abnormal central processing of emotions. Crucially, there is no dysfunction of the sweat glands themselves. Various pathogenic mechanisms have been proposed to be involved in pathological sweat secretion in HH, ranging from structural changes within the ANS to increased expression of aquaporin 5 and upregulation of activin A receptor type 1 in eccrine sweat glands. Although a genetic predisposition has been demonstrated, it remains unclear exactly which genes are involved. To identify new, potential therapeutic targets and to improve treatment options, a good understanding of the signaling pathways involved, the underlying mechanisms, and the genetic components is essential. In this review we discuss the various aspects of sweat physiology and function that are necessary to explain pathological sweating. Our aim is to raise awareness of the complexity of HH to promote a better understanding of the disorder.
Szájról olvasás automatizálása mély neurális hálózatok és mobilalkalmazás-kezelőfelület alkalmazásával
Creators: name: Arthur, Frigyes Viktor
name: Csapó, Tamás Gábor
Publisher: name: Nyelvtudományi Intézet, Eötvös Loránd Kutatási Hálózat (ELKH)
Year: 2021

description: Automatic lipreading is a technique to predict the spoken content using lip video input. The advantage of lip video compared to other articulatory techniques (e.g. ultrasound tongue imaging, MRI) is that it is easily available and affordable: most modern smartphones have a front camera. There are already a few solutions for lip-to-speech synthesis, but they mostly concentrate on offline training and inference. In this research, we propose a system built from three components: a backend for deep neural network training and inference, a webservice responsible for the communication between the server and the client, and a frontend as a form of a mobile application. We trained two approaches, both using convolutional and recurrent neural networks. In the first case, we record the mimic movements of the whole face and from this information, we deduce the phonetic information. In the latter case, only the mouth area is available as input data for the neural network. Our initial evaluation shows that the scenario is feasible: a top-5 classification accuracy of 74\% is combined with feedback from the mobile application user, making sure that the speaking impaired might be able to communicate with this solution. The results of the articulatory-to-acoustic conversion can contribute to the development of 'Silent Speech Interface' (SSI) systems. The essence of SSI is recording the articulation organs while the user of the device actually does not make a sound but yet the machine system is capable to synthesize speech based on the movement of the organs.
Phenotypic and genetic variation in Rocky Mountain bighorn sheep (Ovis canadensis canadensis)
Creators: Deakin, Samuel
Publisher: name: University of Alberta Library
Year: 2023

Genetic variation is a ubiquitous feature of natural populations and underpins much phenotypic variation. Genetic variance can be partitioned and examined at various hierarchical levels of organization to address fundamental questions in ecology and evolution. Patterns of genetic variance among populations reveals population structure or potential local adaptation, whereas we need to examine genetic variation among individuals within populations to study the genetic architecture underlying phenotypic variation. My thesis examined genetic and phenotypic variance in Rocky Mountain bighorn sheep (Ovis canadensis canadensis) across these scales of organization. I examined population level variation in bighorn sheep across the northern portion of their range in Alberta using microsatellite genetic markers and found that their spatial genetic structure was delineated by inter-river valley regions and showed a strong pattern of isolation-by-distance. Additionally, I identified patterns of spatial genetic structure which indicated gene flow occurred equally between the sexes up to 100km. I also identified declines in genetic diversity moving northwards, which suggests the post-glacial recolonization of the northern Rocky Mountains by bighorn sheep was sourced from the Southern refugium. Within the Ram Mountain population, I then examined the fitness consequences of phenotypic variation at the individual level. I found that longer horned females reproduced and successfully raised offspring earlier in life, and therefore produced more lambs over their lifetime. This highlighted how presumed vestiges of strong sexual selection on males can indicate individual fitness in females, similar to their male counterparts. To investigate the genetic basis of phenotypic variance, I developed a high-density species-specific SNP assay to genotype Rocky Mountain bighorn sheep at 50,000 loci. Using genotypes from this assay and phenotypic data from 305 individuals at the Ram Mountain population, I investigated the genetic basis of eight traits: male and female body mass, male and female horn length, female age at primiparity, female age at first weaning success, female lifetime reproductive success, and female longevity. I identified 278 loci associated with these traits and further characterised eight focal loci. Of these eight loci, I identified one associated with male horn length that showed temporal patterns consistent with an evolutionary response to selection by trophy hunting in the Ram Mountain population.
CD8 and CD4 positive NKT subpopulations and immune-checkpoint pathways in early-onset preeclampsia and healthy pregnancy
Creators: name: Meggyes, Matyas
name: Feik, Timoteus
name: Nagy, David U.
name: Polgar, Beata
name: Szereday, Laszlo
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 610

description: Although many studies have investigated the clinical aspect of early-onset preeclampsia, our knowledge about the immunological consequences of improper placenta development is scarce. The maternal immunotolerance against the fetus is greatly influenced by the Th1 predominance developed by the mother’s immune system. Thirty-two early-onset preeclamptic and fifty-one healthy pregnant women with appropriately matched gestational age were involved in our study. Mononuclear cells were separated from peripheral venous blood and the frequency of CD8⁺, CD4⁺, double positive (DP), and double negative (DN) NKT cell subpopulations was determined using multicolor flow cytometry. Following the characterization, the expression levels of different immune checkpoint receptors and ligands were also defined. Soluble CD226 levels were quantified by ELISA. Novel and significant differences were revealed among the ratios of the investigated NKT subsets and in the expression patterns of PD-1, LAG-3, TIGIT and CD226 receptors. Further differences were determined in the expression of CD112, PD-1, LAG-3 and CD226 MFI values between the early-onset preeclamptic and the healthy pregnant groups. Our results suggest that the investigated NKT subpopulations act differently in the altered immune condition characteristic of early-onset preeclampsia and indicate that the different subsets may contribute to the compensation or maintenance of Th1 predominance.
Spiránsok mássalhangzó-kapcsolatokban és intervokális helyzetben
Creators: name: Gráczi, Tekla Etelka
name: Kohári, Anna
Publisher: name: Nyelvtudományi Intézet, Eötvös Loránd Kutatási Hálózat (ELKH)
Year: 2021

description: Voiceless alveolar and postalveolar sibilants were investigated comparatively in clus-ters followed by /t/ and intervocalic positions. The main question of the study waswhether there is a difference in the coarticulatory patterns of these speech sounds bet-ween female and male speakers of Hungarian. 3 intervocalic /s/, 3 intervocalic /S/, 3V/st/, and 3 V/St/ clusters were analysed in sentences read by 72 Hungarian speakers.The duration and spectral features (centre of gravity (CoG), standard deviation (sd),skewness, and kurtosis) of the sibilants and the manner of articulation of /t/ weremeasured. We found that the speakers’ gender and the position of /t/ had a signi-ficant effect on the ratio of alternative and plosive-like /t/-realisations. The genderaffected the duration, CoG, and skewness of the sibilants alongside one or two otherfactors, namely the consonants (/s/ or/S/) and phonetic context. The influence of pho-netic context on the duration manifested at a different magnitude for the two genders.The magnitude of the difference in the CoG of the two sibilants and the effect of thecontext on this value were dependent on the gender. The skewness was found to beinfluenced by a three-wise interaction of these factors. The results indicate that thereis a difference in the coarticulatory patterns of the analysed two sibilants between thegenders that, on the one hand, strengthens that the gender-related CoG-differences of/s/ do not merely result from their physiological differences in Hungarian, similarlyto, e.g., English, German and Polish. On the other hand, the coarticulatory patternsalso show gender-specific behaviour.
Eumelea rosalia
Creators: name: Swezey, O. H.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1942
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Geometridae
Eumelea
Eumelea rosalia

description: 1.Eumelea rosalia (Cramer). Phalena rosalia Cramer, Pap. Exot. 4: 152, pl. 368, fig. F, 1781. Eumelea rosalia, Hampson, Fauna Brit. India, Moths 3: 320, fig. 155, 1895. This orange-yellow moth has a distribution throughout India, Ceylon, Burma, China, Formosa, and Malayan and Austro-Malayan subregions. We obtained a single specimen in Guam. It was reared from a looping caterpillar on Macaranga thompsoni, Mt. Alifan, May 21, Swezey. The adult moth issued June 6. Similar looping caterpillars were collected from Macaranga at Dededo, August 11 and Fadian, September 18, but they failed to mature, so it is. not certain whether they were the same species.
description: Published as part of Swezey, O. H., 1946, Lepidoptera, Geometridae, Arctiidae, Agrotidae, and Pyralidae of Guam, pp. 163-185 in Insects of Guam II, Honolulu, Hawaii :Bernice P. Bishop Museum Bulletin 189 on page 163, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5165313
An allosteric model of the inositol trisphosphate receptor with nonequilibrium binding
Creators: name: Jia, Chen
name: Jiang, Daquan
name: Qian, Minping
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Biomolecules (q-bio.BM)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: The inositol trisphosphate receptor (IPR) is a crucial ion channel that regulates the Ca$^{2+}$ influx from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) to the cytoplasm. A thorough study of the IPR channel contributes to a better understanding of calcium oscillations and waves. It has long been observed that the IPR channel is a typical biological system which performs adaptation. However, recent advances on the physical essence of adaptation show that adaptation systems with a negative feedback mechanism, such as the IPR channel, must break detailed balance and always operate out of equilibrium with energy dissipation. Almost all previous IPR models are equilibrium models assuming detailed balance and thus violate the physical essence of adaptation. In this article, we constructed a nonequilibrium allosteric model of single IPR channels based on the patch-clamp experimental data obtained from the IPR in the outer membranes of isolated nuclei of the \emph{Xenopus} oocyte. It turns out that our model reproduces the patch-clamp experimental data reasonably well and produces both the correct steady-state and dynamic properties of the channel. Particularly, our model successfully describes the complicated bimodal [Ca$^{2+}$] dependence of the mean open duration at high [IP$_3$], a steady-state behavior which fails to be correctly described in previous IPR models. Finally, we used the patch-clamp experimental data to validate that the IPR channel indeed breaks detailed balance and thus is a nonequilibrium system which consumes energy.
description: 23 pages, 5 figures
"Direct" Gas-phase Metallicities, Stellar Properties, and Local Environments of Emission-line Galaxies at Redshift below 0.90
Creators: name: Ly, Chun
name: Malkan, Matthew A.
name: Nagao, Tohru
name: Kashikawa, Nobunari
name: Shimasaku, Kazuhiro
name: Hayashi, Masao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using deep narrow-band (NB) imaging and optical spectroscopy from the Keck telescope and MMT, we identify a sample of 20 emission-line galaxies (ELGs) at z=0.065-0.90 where the weak auroral emission line, [OIII]4363, is detected at >3σ. These detections allow us to determine the gas-phase metallicity using the "direct'' method. With electron temperature measurements and dust attenuation corrections from Balmer decrements, we find that 4 of these low-mass galaxies are extremely metal-poor with 12+log(O/H) <= 7.65 or one-tenth solar. Our most metal-deficient galaxy has 12+log(O/H) = 7.24^{+0.45}_{-0.30} (95% confidence), similar to some of the lowest metallicity galaxies identified in the local universe. We find that our galaxies are all undergoing significant star formation with average specific star formation rate (SFR) of (100 Myr)^{-1}, and that they have high central SFR surface densities (average of 0.5 Msun/yr/kpc^2. In addition, more than two-thirds of our galaxies have between one and four nearby companions within a projected radius of 100 kpc, which we find is an excess among star-forming galaxies at z=0.4-0.85. We also find that the gas-phase metallicities for a given stellar mass and SFR lie systematically below the local M-Z-(SFR) relation by \approx0.2 dex (2σ significance). These results are partly due to selection effects, since galaxies with strong star formation and low metallicity are more likely to yield [OIII]4363 detections. Finally, the observed higher ionization parameter and electron density suggest that they are lower redshift analogs to typical z>1 galaxies.
description: Accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal (15 November 2013). 31 pages in emulateapj format with 16 figures and 7 tables. Revised to address referee's comments, which include discussion on selection effects, similarities to green pea galaxies, and nebular continuum contribution. Modifications were made for some electron temperature and metallicity measurements
Atomic structure of grain boundaries in iron modeled using the atomic density function
Creators: name: Kapikranian, O.
name: Zapolsky, H.
name: Domain, Ch.
name: Patte, R.
name: Pareige, C.
name: Radiguet, B.
name: Pareige, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A model based on the continuous atomic density function (ADF) approach is applied to predict the atomic structure of grain boundaries (GBs) in iron. Symmetrical [100] and [110] tilt GBs in bcc iron are modeled with the ADF method and relaxed afterwards in molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. The shape of the GB energy curve obtained in the ADF model reproduces well the peculiarities of the angles of 70.53 deg. [$Σ$ 3(112)] and 129.52 deg. [$Σ$ 11(332)] for [110] tilt GBs. The results of MD relaxation with an embedded-atom method potential for iron confirm that the atomic GB configurations obtained in ADF modeling are very close to equilibrium ones. The developed model provides well-localized atomic positions for GBs of various geometries.
description: 8 pages, 8 figures, revised version
The comparison of LVIS, and RIEGL LiDAR data  in a Tropical Dry Forest
Creators: Liu, Chenzherui
Publisher: name: University of Alberta Library
Year: 2023

Studying structural changes in tropical forests is essential for understanding changes in ecosystem complexity. In this thesis, I studied changes in ecosystem structure using two different airborne Light Detection and Range (LiDAR) systems collected 16-years apart (the 2005 dry season and the 2022 wet season). Line- and shape-based waveform metrics were used to document structural changes in secondary Tropical Dry Forests located in Santa Rosa National Park, Guanacaste, Costa Rica.

My analysis based on a 16-year growth period showed significant variations in canopy height-related profiles, particularly in the RH50, RH100, and other waveform-produced metrics such as (Cx and Cy). Our results revealed that the centroid location on tree height (Cy) and the derived Radio of Gyration (RG) present significant changes.

Moreover, I observed positive correlations between Cy and CH, RG and RH100 especially in the wet season data collected in 2021. These findings not only enhance our understanding of the growth dynamics of TDFs in Santa Rosa National Park but also provide valuable insights that can inform future conservation efforts. By comprehending these complex chronosequence changes and growth patterns, we can develop effective strategies for preserving and managing these critical ecosystems in a changing world.
A rövid és hosszú zöngétlen explozívák észlelése felnőtteknél és kisiskolás gyermekeknél
Creators: name: Neuberger, Tilda
Publisher: name: Nyelvtudományi Intézet, Eötvös Loránd Kutatási Hálózat (ELKH)
Year: 2021

description: There has been much research indicating that a specific speech sound is characterized by wide variability in timing of articulation. Despite the wide variability and the considerable overlap in the duration of singleton and geminate realisations, it is also confirmed by previous production studies that the primary acoustic attribute that distinguishes geminates from singletons is duration. In speech perception research, it is an essential question how listeners discriminate phonological categories of quantity along a continuous durational scale of the phonetic realisations. This perceptual task seems to be more difficult for children than for adults. The aim of this paper is to examine the role of duration as a perceptual distinction between single and geminate stops using a binary discrimination test of stops with systematically manipulated closure duration. The main question was what kind of similarities and differences can be found between children’ and adults’ perceptual shifts from singleton to geminate. Results confirmed that closure duration is a sufficient and adequate perceptual cue in the distinction of single and geminate stops both in children and adults; however, perceptual shifts differed between children and adults, and depended on the place of articulation. Moreover, displacement of the response curves based on the original quantity of stimuli (originally geminate or originally singleton) indicated that cues other than closure duration may contribute to the length contrast in Hungarian stops.
On string topology of classifying spaces
Creators: name: Hepworth, Richard
name: Lahtinen, Anssi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 55P50 (Primary) 81T40, 55R35 (Secondary)

description: Let G be a compact Lie group. By work of Chataur and Menichi, the homology of the space of free loops in the classifying space of G is known to be the value on the circle in a homological conformal field theory. This means in particular that it admits operations parameterized by homology classes of classifying spaces of diffeomorphism groups of surfaces. Here we present a radical extension of this result, giving a new construction in which diffeomorphisms are replaced with homotopy equivalences, and surfaces with boundary are replaced with arbitrary spaces homotopy equivalent to finite graphs. The result is a novel kind of field theory which is related to both the diffeomorphism groups of surfaces and the automorphism groups of free groups with boundaries. Our work shows that the algebraic structures in string topology of classifying spaces can be brought into line with, and in fact far exceed, those available in string topology of manifolds. For simplicity, we restrict to the characteristic 2 case. The generalization to arbitrary characteristic will be addressed in a subsequent paper.
description: 93 pages; v4: minor changes; to appear in Advances in Mathematics
Exploring Chinese Learners’ of English Response to  Negative Language Transfer Feedback: An Evaluation of a  Writing Assistant Tool
Creators: Liu, Jiahua
Publisher: name: University of Alberta Library
Year: 2023

Previous research has enhanced our understanding of feedback from peers, teachers, and software as

well as the widely reported negative language transfer phenomenon. However, the impact of an

automated writing assistant tool that specifically provides negative language transfer feedback on

Chinese learners’ writing remains unexplored. The present study employs a writing assistant tool

capable of detecting NLT for studying student reactions to this feedback. Eighteen Chinese learners of

English participated in the study. They completed two English writing tasks, one with the NLT tool and

another without it. Their metalinguistic knowledge was measured using three metalinguistic tests at

different times. The results indicated that participants' performance on the Morpho-Orthographic

Choice Task improved following NLT tool use. This was not the case when using current support tools.

Additionally, an interaction between the tools and pre-/post-test was observed in the Wug’s Test, where

participants experienced significantly larger learning gains when they used the NLT tool than when they

did not. Participants’ perceptions were determined using interviews and questionnaires, which revealed

a positive attitude towards the tool’s usefulness and ease of use. These findings suggest that the use of

the NLT tool may improve learners’ morphological knowledge and help them overcome negative

language transfer. The positive attitudes of participants towards the tool also indicate the NLT tool is

helpful and easy to use. Integrating the NLT tool in educational settings has the potential to alleviate

teachers' workload and foster self-reflection skills for independent learning among students.
Az alapfrekvencia jellemzőinek longitudinális összevetése felnőtt beszélők felolvasásában
Creators: name: Markó, Alexandra
name: Huszár, Anna
name: Krepsz, Valéria
name: Gráczi, Tekla Etelka
Publisher: name: Nyelvtudományi Intézet, Eötvös Loránd Kutatási Hálózat (ELKH)
Year: 2021

description: The speech changes with age, in several aspects. With respect to fundamental frequency (f0), there is a wealthy of cross-sectional analyses of changes. However, longitudinal analyses are rare, due to the methodological difficulties even though these studies are able to control many of the variables which are not controlled in most of the cross-sectional analyses. In the present paper, the change of the fundamental frequency (f0) was studied in young adults’ speech within a ten-year long interval. Most studies that describe f0 across life span embrace larger time intervals, however, the observations on short-term changes can be applied with various respects. The present study analysed the f0 characteristics in 20 young adults’ sentence reading with ten year difference between the recordings of the same healthy speakers. At the time of first recording, the speakers (10 males and 10 females) were at the age of 20-45 years, while they were between 30 and 55 years at the second recording’s time. Besides the average f0, the overall f0 range of the recordings and the utterance level f0 range were measured. The results showed that the f0 mean decreased in female speakers, but no clear tendency was found in male speakers within the analysed 10 years. The overall f0 range of the recordings did not change in the analysed time interval, however, at the utterance level, the f0 range was higher in the second recording. The data showed considerable interspeaker variability. The results (and the database) are relevant for forensic phonetic applications and can serve as baselines for speech pathology research.
Hangsúlyos szótagok vizsgálata a francia nyelvben a Melodic Analysis of Speech (MAS) módszer használatával : Párizsi és québeci nyelvváltozatok összehasonlítása
Creators: name: Szabados, Laura
Publisher: name: Nyelvtudományi Intézet, Eötvös Loránd Kutatási Hálózat (ELKH)
Year: 2021

description: A jelen kutatás célja, hogy bemutassuk a párizsi és québeci nyelvváltozatokban vizsgált hangsúlyos szótagok intonációja közti fő eltéréseket, kijelentő módú, spontán megnyilatkozásokban. Dialektális eltérésekről a kapott eredményeinket illetően nem beszélhetünk, mivel összesen csupán hat (három párizsi és három québeci) beszélő megnyilatkozásait tanulmányoztuk. Ezen eredmények azonban jelentős hasonlóságokat mutatnak a két dialektus intonációját vizsgáló és összehasonlító korábbi tanulmányokkal. A fő intonációs mintázat megegyezik; a hangsúlyos szótagok mindig emelkedést mutatnak – a mondatvégi pozíciót leszámítva, hiszen ott ereszkedőek –, tehát domború a dallamgörbe, a dallamcsúcs pedig rendre hangsúlyos szótagra esik mindkét változatban. Ellenben a párizsi és québeci változatok között a következő fő eltérések figyelhetőek meg: a québeci intonációban az F0 átlagosan mélyebb, a hangsúlyos szótagokat nem jellemzi olyan szintű hirtelen emelkedés, mint a párizsi intonációban, valamint a szótaghatárok prozódiai szempontból kevésbé különülnek el, mint a párizsiak.
Lifshitz Field Theories at Non-Zero Temperature, Hydrodynamics and Gravity
Creators: name: Hoyos, Carlos
name: Kim, Bom Soo
name: Oz, Yaron
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a covariant formulation of field theories with Lifshitz scaling, and analyze the energy-momentum tensor and the scale symmetry Ward identity. We derive the equation of state and the ideal Lifshitz hydrodynamics in agreement with arXiv:1304.7481, where they were determined by using thermodynamics and symmetry properties. We construct the charged ideal Lifshitz hydrodynamics in the generating functional framework as well as in the gravitational holographic dual description. At the first viscous order, an analysis of the entropy current reveals two additional transport coefficients (one dissipative and one dissipationless) compared to the neutral case, contributing to the charge current and to the asymmetric part of the energy-momentum tensor.
description: v2, 38 pages, improved discussion of dissipative terms, published version
Argina cribraria Clerck.
Creators: name: Swezey, O. H.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1942
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Arctiidae
Argina
Argina cribraria

description: 1.Argina cribraria Clerck. Ph (alaena) cribraria Clerck, Icon. Ins.. 2: pl. 54, fig. 4, 1764. Argina cribraria, Hampson, Fauna Brit. India, Moths 2: 51, fig. 24, 1894. Sasa, June 20, Usinger; Sasa, June 22, Swezey; Machanao, June 30, Usinger; Inarajan, Sept. 30, Swezey. Three specimens in U. S. National Museum and one in Bishop Museum, Fullaway, 1911. This moth is widely distributed from Madagascar, Mauritius, throughout India, Ceylon, Burma, China, Philippines, Christmas Island (Indian Ocean), New Guinea, New Hebrides, and has beeri reported from Samoa and Fiji. It was not previously recorded from Guam. We found it rather rare. We reared it from caterpillars feeding on leaves and in pods of Crotalaria quinquefolia occasionally growing on dikes in fallow rice fields.
description: Published as part of Swezey, O. H., 1946, Lepidoptera, Geometridae, Arctiidae, Agrotidae, and Pyralidae of Guam, pp. 163-185 in Insects of Guam II, Honolulu, Hawaii :Bernice P. Bishop Museum Bulletin 189 on page 164, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5165313
Cosmic Variance of the Spectral Index from Mode Coupling
Creators: name: Bramante, Joseph
name: Kumar, Jason
name: Nelson, Elliot
name: Shandera, Sarah
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate that local, scale-dependent non-Gaussianity can generate cosmic variance uncertainty in the observed spectral index of primordial curvature perturbations. In a universe much larger than our current Hubble volume, locally unobservable long wavelength modes can induce a scale-dependence in the power spectrum of typical subvolumes, so that the observed spectral index varies at a cosmologically significant level (|Δns | ~ O(0.04)). Similarly, we show that the observed bispectrum can have an induced scale dependence that varies about the global shape. If tensor modes are coupled to long wavelength modes of a second field, the locally observed tensor power and spectral index can also vary. All of these effects, which can be introduced in models where the observed non-Gaussianity is consistent with bounds from the Planck satellite, loosen the constraints that observations place on the parameters of theories of inflation with mode coupling. We suggest observational constraints that future measurements could aim for to close this window of cosmic variance uncertainty.
description: 32 pages, 7 figures. JCAP published version. Conclusions expanded with numeric examples of cosmic variance
Dispossession and Accumulation in an Ethnic Minority Border Region: The Kazakh Project in Altay Prefecture, Xinjiang, China
Creators: Qu, Yao
Publisher: name: University of Alberta Library
Year: 2023

This study examines Altay Prefecture, one of China’s border regions inhabited by ethnic Kazakhs, as a case to elucidate how the Chinese state has achieved dispossession and accumulation through the management of ethnicity and culture in an ethnic minority region. Within the framework of a case study, I employ document analysis and ethnographic fieldwork methods to collect data, which is then analyzed using the critical policy framework. The research results reveal an intensive, specific set of programs that aim to integrate Kazakh people and land into the Chinese economy and rapidly restructure Kazakh livelihoods, justified by the Ecological Civilization and the Anti-Poverty War in Xi's era. Under the guise of Ecological Civilization, the Chinese state has achieved dispossession and accumulation in Altay Prefecture by dispossessing Kazakh land and dismantling Kazakh nomadism. In the name of the Anti-Poverty War, the Chinese state has developed husbandry, agriculture, and ethnic tourism, which produce value by commodifying, exploiting, and eliminating Kazakh identity and culture simultaneously. This study contributes to our understanding of how dispossession and capital accumulation operate in one of China’s ethnic minority regions, and the results have implications for China's policy adoptions at a local level and for geopolitics in Central Asia.
Characterization of Electroless Ni-P Coatings and Electrodeposition of Ni Coatings for Electrodes in Zinc-Air Flow Batteries
Creators: Hu, Hang
Publisher: name: University of Alberta Library
Year: 2023

Electrochemical energy storage devices such as Li-ion or Zn-air batteries (ZABs) are utilized to store energy generated by renewable sources, since these sources are intermittent. Li-ion batteries uses flammable organic electrolytes (less safe than nonflammable aqueous electrolytes) and have high material costs. ZABs, by comparison, have lower costs, higher safety, lower environmental impact, and higher theoretical energy density than Li-ion batteries. In practice, dendrite formation and passivation on the metallic Zn electrode are major obstacles towards widespread commercialization of ZABs. Circulating the electrolyte has been shown to alleviate these issues; Zn-air flow batteries (ZAFBs), therefore, have better electrochemical performance than ZABs. ZAFBs may be designed to use two sets of electrodes, one set each for the discharge and charge reactions. ZAFBs use “fuel”, a slurry of KOH and Zn particles, that is stored in a “fuel” tank when the battery is not discharging or charging. This design allows energy and power to be decoupled. The ZAFB manufactured by Zinc8 Energy Solutions (shortened to Zinc8) uses a similar design. The regenerator of the ZAFB contains an oxygen evolution electrode for which Ni can be used; electroless Ni-P plating on Mg can be used to fabricate such an electrode.

The first study in this work involved using various materials characterization techniques to identify the composition and microstructure of various Ni-P coatings considered for use by Zinc8. The porosity of these Ni-P coatings was quantified using two methods, a dimple polishing coupled with optical microscopy technique developed in this study and cross sectional observations using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Porosity quantified from the first technique is referred as macroscopic porosity, while porosity quantified from the second technique is referred as microscopic porosity.

The second study involved electrochemical testing of several coatings. Both immersion testing and cycle testing under OER and hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) conditions. The open circuit voltage (OCV), corrosion potential (Ecorr), and corrosion current density (icorr) were determined. Corrosion rates (CR) were estimated from icorr values. CR values were correlated with microstructural changes (e.g., surface morphology and coating thickness), inherent porosity, and changes in electrolyte composition. High coating porosity generally correlated with high corrosion rates, although with no direct correlation between CR and observed Ni loss for many cases.

The third study focused on developing a low porosity Ni coating from a modified Watts bath. A design of experiments (DoE) approach was taken and Au-coated Si wafers were used as the substrates. Thick (40 μm) coatings were deposited over a fairly short plating time. This process will be adapted for Mg substrates and coating composition will be modified through alloying.