cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Controllable Thermal Conductivity in Twisted Homogeneous Interfaces of Graphene and Hexagonal Boron Nitride
Creators: name: Ouyang, Wengen
name: Qin, Huasong
name: Urbakh, Michael
name: Hod, Oded
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Thermal conductivity of homogeneous twisted stacks of graphite is found to strongly depend on the misfit angle. The underlying mechanism relies on the angle dependence of phonon-phonon couplings across the twisted interface. Excellent agreement between the calculated thermal conductivity of narrow graphitic stacks and corresponding experimental results indicates the validity of the predictions. This is attributed to the accuracy of interlayer interactions descriptions obtained by the dedicated registry-dependent interlayer potential used. Similar results for h-BN stacks indicate overall higher conductivity and reduced misfit angle variation. This opens the way for the design of tunable heterogeneous junctions with controllable heat-transport properties ranging from substrate-isolation to efficient heat evacuation.
description: 52 pages, 11 figures
On interplay of surface tension and inertial stabilization mechanisms in the interface dynamics with interfacial mass flux
Creators: name: Ilyin, D. V.
name: Abarzhi, S. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This work focuses on the interfacial dynamics with interfacial mass flux in the presence of acceleration and surface tension. We employ the general matrix method to find the fundamental solutions for the linearized boundary value problem conserving mass, momentum and energy. We find that the dynamics can be stable or unstable depending on the values of the acceleration, the surface tension and the density ratio. In the stable regime, the flow has the non-perturbed fields in the bulk, is shear-free at the interface, and has the constant interface velocity. The dynamics is unstable only when it is accelerated, and when the acceleration value exceeds a threshold combining contributions of the inertial stabilization mechanism and the surface tension. The properties of this instability unambiguously differentiate it from other fluid instabilities. Particularly, its velocity field has potential and vortical components in the bulk and is shear free at the interface. Its dynamics describes the standing wave with the growing amplitude, and has the growing interface velocity. For strong accelerations, this fluid instability of the conservative dynamics has the fastest growth-rate and the largest stabilizing surface tension value when compared to the classical Landau and Rayleigh-Taylor dynamics. We find the values of the initial perturbation wavelength at which the fluid instability can be stabilized and at which it has the fastest growth. We identify theory benchmarks for experiments and simulations in high energy density plasmas and its outcomes for application problems in nature and technology.
Quantification of complementarity in multi-qubit systems
Creators: name: Peng, Xinhua
name: Zhu, Xiwen
name: Suter, Dieter
name: Du, Jiangfeng
name: Liu, Maili
name: Gao, Kelin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Complementarity was originally introduced as a qualitative concept for the discussion of properties of quantum mechanical objects that are classically incompatible. More recently, complementarity has become a \emph{quantitative} relation between classically incompatible properties, such as visibility of interference fringes and "which-way" information, but also between purely quantum mechanical properties, such as measures of entanglement. We discuss different complementarity relations for systems of 2-, 3-, or \textit{n} qubits. Using nuclear magnetic resonance techniques, we have experimentally verified some of these complementarity relations in a two-qubit system.
description: 12 pages, 10 figures (A display error about the figures in the previous version)
Trust: A Concept Too Many
Creators: name: Guinnane, Timothy W.
name: Guinnane, Timothy W.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Institutional and Behavioral Economics
subject: trust
subject: social capital
subject: credit cooperatives
subject: uniform laws

description: Research on "trust" now forms a prominent part of the research agenda in history and the social sciences. Although this research has generated useful insights, the idea of trust has been used so widely and loosely that it risks creating more confusion than clarity. This essay argues that to the extent that scholars have a clear idea of what trust actually means, the concept is, at least for economic questions, superfluous: the useful parts of the idea of trust are implicit in older notions of information and the ability to impose sanctions. I trust you in a transaction because of what I know about you, and because of what I can have done to you should you cheat me. This observation does not obviate what many scholars intend, which is to embed economic action within a framework that recognizes informal institutions and social ties. I illustrate the argument using three examples drawn from an area where trust has been seen as critical: credit for poor people.
Elucidating the mechanism of step-emulsification
Creators: name: Montessori, Andrea
name: Lauricella, Marco
name: Succi, Sauro
name: Stolovicki, Elad
name: Weitz, David A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Three-dimensional, time-dependent direct simulations of step emulsification micro-devices highlight two essential mechanisms for droplet formation: first, the onset of an adverse pressure gradient driving a back-flow of the continuous phase from the external reservoir to the micro-channel. Second, the striction of the flowing jet which leads to its subsequent rupture. It is also shown that such a rupture is delayed and eventually suppressed by increasing the flow speed of the dispersed phase within the channel, due to the stabilising effect of dynamic pressure. This suggests a new criterion for dripping-jetting transition, based on local values of the Capillary and Weber numbers.
description: 8 pages, 6 figures
Shaken and stirred: When Bond meets Suess-de Vries and Gnevyshev-Ohl
Creators: name: Stefani, Frank
name: Stepanov, Rodion
name: Weier, Tom
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We argue that the most prominent temporal features of the solar dynamo, in particular the Hale cycle, the Suess-de Vries cycle (associated with variations of the Gnevyshev-Ohl rule), Gleissberg-type cycles, and grand minima can be self-consistently explained by double synchronization with the 11.07-years periodic tidal forcing of the Venus-Earth-Jupiter system and the (mainly) 19.86-years periodic motion of the Sun around the barycenter of the solar system. In our numerical simulation, grand minima, and clusters thereof, emerge as intermittent and non-periodic events on millennial time scales, very similar to the series of Bond events which were observed throughout the Holocene and the last glacial period. If confirmed, such an intermittent transition to chaos would prevent any long-term prediction of solar activity, notwithstanding the fact that the shorter-term Hale and Suess-de Vries cycles are clocked by planetary motion.
description: 25 pages, 13 figures
Additional file 1 of Mortality and morbidity of low-grade red blood cell transfusions in septic patients: a propensity score-matched observational study of a liberal transfusion strategy
Creators: name: Nilsson, Caroline Ulfsdotter
name: Bentzer, Peter
name: Andersson, Linnéa E.
name: Björkman, Sofia A.
name: Hanssson, Fredrik P.
name: Kander, Thomas
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1: Number of inclusions per year in the control and RBC group.
Real-time reconstruction of long-lived particles at LHCb using FPGAs
Creators: name: Cenci, Riccardo
name: Di Luca, Andrea
name: Lazzari, Federico
name: Morello, Michael J.
name: Punzi, Giovanni
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Finding tracks downstream of the magnet at the earliest LHCb trigger level is not part of the baseline plan of the upgrade trigger, on account of the significant CPU time required to execute the search. Many long-lived particles, such as $K^0_S$ and strange baryons, decay after the vertex track detector, so that their reconstruction efficiency is limited. We present a study of the performance of a future innovative real-time tracking system based on FPGAs, developed within a R\&D effort in the context of the LHCb Upgrade Ib (LHC Run~4), dedicated to the reconstruction of the particles downstream of the magnet in the forward tracking detector (Scintillating Fibre Tracker), that is capable of processing events at the full LHC collision rate of 30 MHz.
description: ACAT 2019 proceedings. 7 pages, 2 figures
Additional file 2 of Caveolin-1 deficiency impairs synaptic transmission in hippocampal neurons
Creators: name: Soulmee Koh
name: Wongyoung Lee
name: Park, Sang Myun
name: Kim, Sung Hyun
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 2: Fig S2. Raw data for western blot.
Entropy in the natural time-domain
Creators: name: Varotsos, P. A.
name: Sarlis, N. V.
name: Skordas, E. S.
name: Lazaridou, M. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A surrogate data analysis is presented, which is based on the fluctuations of the ``entropy'' $S$ defined in the natural time-domain [Phys. Rev. E {\bf 68}, 031106, 2003]. This entropy is not a static one as, for example, the Shannon entropy. The analysis is applied to three types of time-series, i.e., seismic electric signals, ``artificial'' noises and electrocardiograms, and ``recognizes'' the non-Markovianity in all these signals. Furthermore, it differentiates the electrocardiograms of healthy humans from those of the sudden cardiac death ones. If $δS$ and $δS_{shuf}$ denote the standard deviation when calculating the entropy by means of a time-window sweeping through the original data and the ``shuffled'' (randomized) data, respectively, it seems that the ratio $δS_{shuf}/δS$ plays a key-role. The physical meaning of $δS_{shuf}$ is investigated.
description: Published in Physical Review E
On the robustness of topological corner modes in photonic crystals
Creators: name: Proctor, Matthew
name: Huidobro, Paloma Arroyo
name: Bradlyn, Barry
name: de Paz, Maria Blanco
name: Vergniory, Maia G.
name: Bercioux, Dario
name: Garcia-Etxarri, Aitzol
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the robustness of corner modes in topological photonic crystals, taking a $C_6$-symmetric breathing honeycomb photonic crystal as an example. First, we employ topological quantum chemistry and Wilson loop calculations to demonstrate that the topological properties of the bulk crystal stem from an obstructed atomic limit phase. We then characterize the topological corner modes emerging within the gapped edge modes employing a semi-analytical model, determining the appropriate real space topological invariants. For the first time, we provide a detailed account of the effect of long-range interactions on the topological modes in photonic crystals, and we quantify their robustness to perturbations. We conclude that, while photonic long-range interactions inevitably break chiral symmetry, the corner modes are protected by lattice symmetries.
description: v1: 6 pages, 4 figures (supp 10 pages, 3 figures, 1 table)
What's Psychology Worth? A Field Experiment in the Consumer Credit Market
Creators: name: Bertrand, Marianne
name: Karlan, Dean S.
name: Mullainathan, Sendhil
name: Shafir, Eldar
name: Zinman, Jonathan
name: Bertrand, Marianne
name: Karlan, Dean S.
name: Mullainathan, Sendhil
name: Shafir, Eldar
name: Zinman, Jonathan
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: behavioral economics
subject: psychology
subject: microfinance
subject: marketing
subject: field experiment
subject: credit markets

description: Numerous laboratory studies report on behaviors inconsistent with rational economic models. How much do these inconsistencies matter in natural settings, when consumers make large, real decisions and have the opportunity to learn from experiences? We report on a field experiment designed to address this question. Incumbent clients of a lender in South Africa were sent letters offering them large, short-term loans at randomly chosen interest rates. Psychological "features" on the letter, which did not affect offer terms or economic content, were also independently randomized. Consistent with standard economics, the interest rate significantly affected loan take-up. Inconsistent with standard economics, the psychological features also significantly affected take-up. The independent randomizations allow us to quantify the relative importance of psychological features and prices. Our core finding is the sheer magnitude of the psychological effects. On average, any one psychological manipulation has the same effect as a one half percentage point change in the monthly interest rate. Interestingly, the psychological features appear to have greater impact in the context of less advantageous offers. Moreover, the psychological features do not appear to draw in marginally worse clients, nor does the magnitude of the psychological effects vary systematically with income or education. In short, even in a market setting with large stakes and experienced customers, subtle psychological features that normatively ought to have no impact appear to be extremely powerful drivers of behavior.
Structural models for the Si(553)-Au atomic chain reconstruction
Creators: name: Riikonen, Sampsa
name: Sanchez-Portal, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent photoemission experiments on the Si(553)-Au reconstruction show a one-dimensional band with a peculiar ~1/4 filling. This band could provide an opportunity for observing large spin-charge separation if electron-electron interactions could be increased. To this end, it is necessary to understand in detail the origin of this surface band. A first step is the determination of the structure of the reconstruction. We present here a study of several structural models using first-principles density functional calculations. Our models are based on a plausible analogy with the similar and better known Si(557)-Au surface, and compared against the sole structure proposed to date for the Si(553)-Au system [Crain JN et al., 2004 Phys. Rev. B 69 125401 ]. Results for the energetics and the band structures are given. Lines for the future investigation are also sketched.
HPRA: Hyperedge Prediction using Resource Allocation
Creators: name: Kumar, Tarun
name: Darwin, K
name: Parthasarathy, Srinivasan
name: Ravindran, Balaraman
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Many real-world systems involve higher-order interactions and thus demand complex models such as hypergraphs. For instance, a research article could have multiple collaborating authors, and therefore the co-authorship network is best represented as a hypergraph. In this work, we focus on the problem of hyperedge prediction. This problem has immense applications in multiple domains, such as predicting new collaborations in social networks, discovering new chemical reactions in metabolic networks, etc. Despite having significant importance, the problem of hyperedge prediction hasn't received adequate attention, mainly because of its inherent complexity. In a graph with $n$ nodes the number of potential edges is $\mathcal{O}(n^{2})$, whereas in a hypergraph, the number of potential hyperedges is $\mathcal{O}(2^{n})$. To avoid searching through such a huge space, current methods restrain the original problem in the following two ways. One class of algorithms assume the hypergraphs to be $k$-uniform. However, many real-world systems are not confined only to have interactions involving $k$ components. Thus, these algorithms are not suitable for many real-world applications. The second class of algorithms requires a candidate set of hyperedges from which the potential hyperedges are chosen. In the absence of domain knowledge, the candidate set can have $\mathcal{O}(2^{n})$ possible hyperedges, which makes this problem intractable. We propose HPRA - Hyperedge Prediction using Resource Allocation, the first of its kind algorithm, which overcomes these issues and predicts hyperedges of any cardinality without using any candidate hyperedge set. HPRA is a similarity-based method working on the principles of the resource allocation process. In addition to recovering missing hyperedges, we demonstrate that HPRA can predict future hyperedges in a wide range of hypergraphs.
description: Accepted at WebSci'20
Vouchers, School Choice and the Access to Higher Education
Creators: name: Contreras, Dante
name: Contreras, Dante
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Production Economics
subject: education
subject: vouchers
subject: gender
subject: Chile

description: For over twenty years, a voucher system has been used in Chile to promote competition in the educational system between public and private schools. Attending a private subsidized school is associated with increased standardized test scores, but the apparent impact is relatively small. Controlling for school choice using a supply-side instrument (school availability at community level) implies substantially larger impacts of the voucher system. The effect of parents' education on academic performance is smaller than that implied by simple OLS estimates that do not control for school choice. Finally, the results also show that family school choice is gender biased, females are sent more often to voucher schools while males are sent more often to private (non voucher) schools. In addition, the TSLS estimates show that females gain less than males from going to voucher schools.
Polynomial approximation, local polynomial convexity, and degenerate CR singularities
Creators: name: Bharali, Gautam
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 30E10, 32E20, 46J10

description: We begin with the following question: given a closed disc $\bar{D}$ in the complex plane and a complex-valued function F in $C(\bar{D})$, is the uniform algebra on $\bar{D}$ generated by z and F equal to $C(\bar{D})$ ? When F is in $C^1(\bar{D})$, this question is complicated by the presence of points in the surface S:=graph(F) that have complex tangents. Such points are called CR singularities. Let $p\in S$ be a CR singularity at which the order of contact of the tangent plane with S is greater than 2; i.e. a degenerate CR singularity. We provide sufficient conditions for S to be locally polynomially convex at the degenerate singularity p. This is useful because it is essential to know whether S is locally polynomially convex at a CR singularity in order to answer the initial question. To this end, we also present a general theorem on the uniform algebra generated by z and F, which we use in our investigations. This result may be of independent interest because it is applicable even to non-smooth, complex-valued F.
description: 17 pages; final version; restated Thm.1.2 using slightly clearer notation, corrected minor typos
Classification of cubics up to affine transformations
Creators: name: Nadjafikhah, Mehdi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 57C10; 37C17

description: Classification of cubics (that is, third order planar curves in the $R^2$ up to certain transformations is interested since Newton, and treated by several authors. We classify cubics up to affine transformations, in seven class, and give a complete set of representatives of the these classes. This result is complete and briefer than the similar results.
description: 14 pages
Additional file 1 of Identification of Newcastle disease virus subgenotype VII.2 in wild birds in Turkey
Creators: name: Turan, Nuri
name: Ozsemir, Cemal
name: Yilmaz, Aysun
name: Cizmecigil, Utku Y.
name: Ozge Aydin
name: Ozge Erdogan Bamac
name: Gurel, Aydin
name: Kutukcu, Ahmet
name: Kubra Ozsemir
name: H. Emre Tali
name: Tali, Besim H.
name: Semaha G. Yilmaz
name: Mehmetcan Yaramanoglu
name: B. Kaan Tekelioğlu
name: Ozsoy, Serhat
name: Juergen A. Richt
name: Iqbal, Munir
name: Yilmaz, Huseyin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Species of birds, number of PCR positives and number of samples collected in this study. *Non-passerine species. **Wild birds submitted to the Wildlife Clinic of the Veterinary Faculty of Istanbul.
Additional file 1 of Pathways to care: a case study of traffic injury in Vietnam
Creators: name: Tran, Thanh Tam
name: Sleigh, Adrian
name: Banwell, Cathy
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 1: Supplementary 1. Consolidated criteria for reporting qualitative studies (COREQ): 32-item checklist.
Two Algorithms for Solving the Walrasian Equilibrium Inequalities
Creators: name: Brown, Donald J.
name: Kannan, Ravi
name: Brown, Donald J.
name: Kannan, Ravi
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods

description: We propose two algorithms for deciding if the Walrasian equilibrium inequalities are solvable. These algorithms may serve as nonparametric tests for multiple calibration of applied general equilibrium models or they can be used to compute counterfactual equilibria in applied general equilibrium models defined by the Walrasian equilibrium inequalities.
poggi, Vincenzo S.J.: Per la storia del Pontifico Instituto Orientale
Creators: name: Kaufhold, Hubert
Publisher: name: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients
Year: 2024

description: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients, Bd. 86 (2002): Oriens christianus, Band 86
Additional file 2 of Identification of Newcastle disease virus subgenotype VII.2 in wild birds in Turkey
Creators: name: Turan, Nuri
name: Ozsemir, Cemal
name: Yilmaz, Aysun
name: Cizmecigil, Utku Y.
name: Ozge Aydin
name: Ozge Erdogan Bamac
name: Gurel, Aydin
name: Kutukcu, Ahmet
name: Kubra Ozsemir
name: H. Emre Tali
name: Tali, Besim H.
name: Semaha G. Yilmaz
name: Mehmetcan Yaramanoglu
name: B. Kaan Tekelioğlu
name: Ozsoy, Serhat
name: Juergen A. Richt
name: Iqbal, Munir
name: Yilmaz, Huseyin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 2: Figure S1. Picture of wild birds which were found to be positive for NDV-RNA by real time RT-PCR. A common kestrel (A) and 2 little owls (B). Figure S2. Necropsy findings of the dead common kestrel. Hemorrhages and necrosis seen in the proventriculus. Figure S3. Sequencing PCR for NDV. A: 100 bp Marker; B: Positive control; D: Negative control; C and E: Positive samples; Other wells: Negative samples.
Non-exponential relaxation for anomalous diffusion
Creators: name: Vainstein, Mendeli H.
name: Costa, Ismael V. L.
name: Morgado, Rafael
name: Oliveira, Fernando A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the relaxation process in normal and anomalous diffusion regimes for systems described by a generalized Langevin equation (GLE). We demonstrate the existence of a very general correlation function which describes the relaxation phenomena. Such function is even; therefore, it cannot be an exponential or a stretched exponential. However, for a proper choice of the parameters, those functions can be reproduced within certain intervals with good precision. We also show the passage from the non-Markovian to the Markovian behaviour in the normal diffusion regime. For times longer than the relaxation time, the correlation function for anomalous diffusion becomes a power law for broad-band noise.
description: 6 pages, 2 figures
Trade Policy, Trade Volumes and Plant-Level Productivity in Colombian Manufacturing Industries
Creators: name: Fernandes, Ana
name: Fernandes, Ana
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: simultaneity and production functions
subject: trade policy
subject: productivity
subject: Colombian manufacturing
subject: endogeneity of protection

description: This paper offers new insights on a central question in trade and development economics: does increased exposure to foreign competition generate gains in plant productivity? We find that it does. We examine Colombian trade policy from 1977 to 1991, a period during which trade liberalization alternates with increased trade protection in varied ways across industries, to investigate the link between trade policy and plant productivity. Using a rich panel of manufacturing plants, we obtain production function estimates separately across industries that are consistent in face of the simultaneity between input demands and productivity. These estimates are used to derive plant-level time-varying productivity measures for which a systematic component related to trade policy is identified. We find a strong negative impact of nominal tariffs on plant productivity controlling for observed and unobserved plant characteristics and industry heterogeneity. The use of lagged tariffs and the evidence on the political economy of tariff determination in Colombia allow us to argue that the negative impact of tariffs is unlikely to reflect the endogeneity of protection. Plant exit plays a minor role in generating productivity gains in face of lower trade protection. Also, accounting for variation in the Colombian peso's real exchange rate does not weaken the main findings. The negative impact of trade protection on productivity is stronger for large plants relative to small plants, as measured by employment and market shares. The negative impact of trade protection on productivity is stronger for plants in less competitive industries according to Herfindahl indexes and turnover rates. The main findings are robust to the use of effective rates of protection and import penetration ratios as measures of trade protection and openness. Finally, we also find evidence of a negative impact of trade protection on the rate of growth of plant productivity.
Additional file 1 of Consolidated bioprocessing of corn cob-derived hemicellulose: engineered industrial Saccharomyces cerevisiae as efficient whole cell biocatalysts
Creators: name: Cunha, Joana T.
name: Aloia Romaní
name: Inokuma, Kentaro
name: Johansson, Björn
name: Hasunuma, Tomohisa
name: Kondo, Akihiko
name: Domingues, Lucília
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Additional file 1. Fermentation of ER-X, PE-2-X, CAT-1-X and CA11-X in in corn cob liquor supplemented with 100 g/L glucose at 40 °C; Growth profiles of ER-X, CAT-1-X and CA11-X and corresponding type strains in YPD; Stability evaluation of the integration at the δ-sequences; Fermentation of corn cob liquor with ER-X-2P strain and 2 cycles of cell recycling; Enzymatic activities; Plasmids and primers used for subcloning steps.
Spin-dependent tunneling through high-k LaAlO3
Creators: name: Garcia, V.
name: Bibes, M.
name: Maurice, J. -L.
name: Jacquet, E.
name: Bouzehouane, K.
name: Contour, J. -P.
name: Barthelemy, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on the use of the LaAlO3 (LAO) high-k dielectric as a tunnel barrier in magnetic tunnel junctions. From tunnel magnetoresistance (TMR) measurements on epitaxial La2/3Sr1/3MnO3/LAO/La2/3Sr1/3MnO3 junctions, we estimate a spin polarization of 77% at low temperature for the La2/3Sr1/3MnO3/LAO interface. Remarkably, the TMR of La2/3Sr1/3MnO3/LAO/Co junctions at low bias is negative, evidencing a negative spin polarization of Co at the interface with LAO, and its bias dependence is very similar to that of La2/3Sr1/3MnO3/STO/Co junctions. We discuss possible reasons for this behaviour.
description: 14 pages, 3 figures
Alterations in transcription factor binding in anergized human CD4+T- lymphocytes
Creators: name: Heisel, Olaf
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Background: The mechanisms responsible for the induction of human clonal anergy are not well understood. We have utilized an in vitro model of human T-cell anergy to explore the perturbations in cell signaling at the level of IL-2 gene transcription, and to define the contribution of other cytokines to this effect. Methods: An in vitro model of clonal anergy was established using peripheral T-lymphocytes from healthy human donors. CD4+ T-cells were anergized by pre-stimulation with an anti-CD3 mAb followed by restimulation 72 hours later with anti-CD3 with or without anti-CD28. Proliferation was measured by [3H]- thymidine incorporation and IL-2 production using ELISA. Results: CD4+ T-cells anergized with OKT3 displayed a marked reduction in proliferation (P=0.0036) and IL-2 production (P<0.0001) compared with controls. Simultaneous treatment with anti-CD28 prevented induction of anergy measured either by proliferation (P=0.0002) or IL-2 production(P<0.0001). Co-incubation with IL-10 reduced cellular proliferation in OKT3/CD28 pretreated cells by 19% (P=n.s.) and reduced IL-2 production by 40% (P=0.0024). Anergized T-cells demonstrated a reduced binding activity of the AP-1 protein complex to the IL-2 gene promoter. Supershift experiments confirmed that the individual binding of c-Fos, JunB and JunD, but not of FosB to the AP-1 region of the IL-2 promoter was reduced in anergized cells when compared to controls. Furthermore, there was a reduced Stat-binding at the SIE region of the c-Fos promoter in anergized cells. Supershift experiments using specific antibodies against Statl and Stat3 showed that binding of Statl, but not Stat3, to the SIE region of the c-Fos promoter was diminished. Co-incubation of PBMC with OKT3/anti-CD28 and a blocking gp39 (CD40L) mAb resulted in a significantly reduced proliferation rate (P=0.0003) and IL-2 production (P=0.005). Co-incubation with anti-CD40L mAb also led to a marked reduction of AP-1 binding to the IL-2 promoter similar to that observed in B7/CD28 abrogated cells. Conclusions: T-cell anergy induced by OKT3 is characterized by reduced Tcell proliferation and a profound decrease in IL-2 production accompanied by a reduction in AP-1 binding to the IL-2 gene promoter, with selective reduction in binding of the individual AP-1 components c-Fos, JunB and JunD. The deficiency in binding of Stat l to the SIE region of the c-Fos promoter highlights an involvement of the Jak-Stat pathways in the events of clonal anergy. Furthermore, blockade of the CD40-CD40L pathway is able to achieve similar anergizing effects as in cells where B7/CD28 costimulation is abrogated. This highlights the importance of the CD40/CD40L pathway as a second costimulatory pathway. It also provides insight into new mechanisms of clonal anergy, in which co-blockade of both B7/CD28 and CD40/CD40L pathways might lead to a more profound anergy induction and better graft survival.
Additional file 3 of Identification of Newcastle disease virus subgenotype VII.2 in wild birds in Turkey
Creators: name: Turan, Nuri
name: Ozsemir, Cemal
name: Yilmaz, Aysun
name: Cizmecigil, Utku Y.
name: Ozge Aydin
name: Ozge Erdogan Bamac
name: Gurel, Aydin
name: Kutukcu, Ahmet
name: Kubra Ozsemir
name: H. Emre Tali
name: Tali, Besim H.
name: Semaha G. Yilmaz
name: Mehmetcan Yaramanoglu
name: B. Kaan Tekelioğlu
name: Ozsoy, Serhat
name: Juergen A. Richt
name: Iqbal, Munir
name: Yilmaz, Huseyin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 3: Figure S4. Maximum-likelihood phylogenetic tree based on partial NDV-F gene (534 bp) sequences. Strain classification has been performed using the reference sequences submitted to GenBank. Black dots indicate strains detected in this study.
Additional file 2 of Pathways to care: a case study of traffic injury in Vietnam
Creators: name: Tran, Thanh Tam
name: Sleigh, Adrian
name: Banwell, Cathy
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 2: Supplementary 2. Interview guide (translated from Vietnamese).
Four-Loop Decoupling Relations for the Strong Coupling
Creators: name: Schroder, Y.
name: Steinhauser, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compute the matching relation for the strong coupling constant within the framework of QCD up to four-loop order. This allows a consistent five-loop running (once the $β$ function is available to this order) taking into account threshold effects. As a side product we obtain the effective coupling of a Higgs boson to gluons with five-loop accuracy.
description: 11 pages
Electron-positron annihilation to photons at $O(α^3)$ revisited
Creators: name: Lee, Roman N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We apply the modern multiloop methods to the calculation of the total cross sections of electron-positron annihilation to 2 and 3 photons exactly in $s/m^2$ with the accuracy $O(α^3)$. Examining the asymptotics of our results, we find agreement with Ref. [Andreassi_et_al_1962] and discover mistakes in the results of Refs. [Eidelman&Kuraev_1978,Berends&Kleiss_1981]. This mistake is due to the terms, omitted in differential cross section in Refs. \[Eidelman&Kuraev_1978,Berends&Kleiss_1981], which are peaked in the kinematic region with all three photons being quasi-parallel to the collision axis. After restoring these terms, we find an agreement of the corrected result of Ref. [Berends&Kleiss_1981] with our result.
Selection and Comparative Advantage in Technology Adoption
Creators: name: Suri, Tavneet
name: Suri, Tavneet
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies

description: This paper examines a well known empirical puzzle in the literature on technology adoption: despite the potential of technologies to increase returns dramatically, a significant fraction of households do not use these technologies. I study the use of hybrid maize and fertilizer in Kenya, where there are persistent cross-sectional differences in aggregate adoption rates with a large fraction of households switching in and out of adoption. By allowing for selection of farmers into technology use via comparative advantage differences, I examine whether the yield returns to adopting hybrid maize vary across farmers. If so, high average returns can coexist with low returns for the marginal farmer. My findings indicate the existence of two interesting subgroups in the population. A small group of farmers has potentially high returns from adopting the technologies. Yet, they do not adopt. This lack of adoption appears to stem from supply and infrastructure constraints, such as the distance to fertilizer distributors. In addition, a larger group of farmers faces very low returns to adopting hybrid maize, but chooses to adopt. This latter group might benefit substantially from the development of newer hybrid strains to increase yields. On the whole, the stagnation in hybrid adoption does not appear to be due to constraints or irrationalities.
Additional file 1 of Work-related moderators of the relationship between organizational change and sickness absence: a longitudinal multilevel study
Creators: name: Grønstad, Anniken
name: Kjekshus, Lars Erik
name: Tjerbo, Trond
name: Bernstrøm, Vilde Hoff
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: Cardiology

description: Additional file 1: Table A. Associations between unit-level downsizing and sickness absence – moderation effects, including control variables and all moderators.
Analysis and Optimization of Service Delay for Multi-quality Videos in Multi-tier Heterogeneous Network with Random Caching
Creators: name: Zhang, Xuewei
name: Lv, Tiejun
name: Ren, Yuan
name: Ni, Wei
name: Beaulieu, Norman C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Aiming to minimize service delay, we propose a new random caching scheme in device-to-device (D2D)-assisted heterogeneous network. To support diversified viewing qualities of multimedia video services, each video file is encoded into a base layer (BL) and multiple enhancement layers (ELs) by scalable video coding (SVC). A super layer, including the BL and several ELs, is transmitted to every user. We define and quantify the service delay of multi-quality videos by deriving successful transmission probabilities when a user is served by a D2D helper, a small-cell base station (SBS) and a macro-cell base station (MBS). We formulate a delay minimization problem subject to the limited cache sizes of D2D helpers and SBSs. The structure of the optimal solutions to the problem is revealed, and then an improved standard gradient projection method is designed to effectively obtain the solutions. Both theoretical analysis and Monte-Carlo simulations validate the successful transmission probabilities. Compared with three benchmark caching policies, the proposed SVC-based random caching scheme is superior in terms of reducing the service delay.
description: 13 pages, 8 figures, IEEE Systems Journal, Accepted
van deer Aalst, A.; Burg, A.; Krijnsen, C.: 'Dat allen één zijn'
Creators: name: Kaufhold, Hubert
Publisher: name: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients
Year: 2024

description: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients, Bd. 86 (2002): Oriens christianus, Band 86
Families, Human Capital, and Small Business: Evidence from the Characteristics of Business Owners Survey
Creators: name: Fairlie, Robert W.
name: Robb, Alicia
name: Fairlie, Robert W.
name: Robb, Alicia
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Labor and Human Capital
subject: business outcomes
subject: self-employment
subject: entrepreneurship
subject: families
subject: human capital

description: Using data from the confidential and restricted-access Characteristics of Business Owners (CBO) Survey, we provide some suggestive evidence on the causes of intergenerational links in business ownership and the related issue of how having a family business background affects small business outcomes. Estimates from the CBO indicate that more than half of all business owners had a self-employed family member prior to starting their business. Conditional on having a self-employed family member, less than 50 percent of small business owners worked in that family member's business. In contrast, estimates from regression models conditioning on business ownership indicate that having a self-employed family member plays only a minor role in determining small business outcomes, whereas the business human capital acquired from prior work experience in a family member's business appears to be very important for business success. Estimates from the CBO also indicate that only 1.6 percent of all small businesses are inherited suggesting that the role of business inheritances in determining intergenerational links in self-employment is limited at best.
Delegated Monitors, Large and Small: The Development of Germany's Banking System, 1800-1914
Creators: name: Guinnane, Timothy W.
name: Guinnane, Timothy W.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Financial Economics
subject: universal banking
subject: German banks
subject: German economic history

description: Banks play a greater role in the German financial system than in the United States or Britain. Germany's large universal banks are admired by those who advocate bank deregulation in the United States. Others admire the universal banks for their supposed role in corporate governance and industrial finance. Many discussions distort the German Banking system by overstressing one of several types of banks, and ignore the competition and cooperation between the famous universal banks and other banking groups. Tracing the historical development of the German banking system from the early nineteenth century places the large universal banks in context.
Tidal Love numbers of Proca stars
Creators: name: Herdeiro, Carlos A. R.
name: Panotopoulos, Grigoris
name: Radu, Eugen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Proca stars (arXiv:1508.05395) are everywhere regular, asymptotically flat self-gravitating solitons composed of complex, massive vector bosons, forming a macroscopic, star-sized, Bose-Einstein condensate. They have been suggested as a classical, dynamical model of exotic compact objects, black hole mimickers and dark matter candidates. In spherical symmetry, they are qualitatively similar to their scalar cousins, the standard (scalar) boson stars in all respects studied so far. Here we study the tidal deformability and the quadrupolar tidal Love numbers, both electric-type and magnetic-type, of spherically symmetric Proca stars. The equations for the perturbations are derived and the numerical values of the Love numbers for some concrete background solutions are computed. We observe that both Love numbers are qualitatively similar to the ones of the scalar boson stars; in particular, the electric-type (magnetic-type) quadrupolar Love numbers are positive (negative) for Proca stars. Quantitatively, for the same compactness, the electric and magnetic Love numbers in the Proca case are closer (in magnitude) than in the scalar case, with the electric Love numbers having a slightly larger magnitude than the magnetic ones.
description: 17 pages, 4 figures
Estimating Equilibrium Models of Sorting Across Locations
Creators: name: Bayer, Patrick
name: Timmins, Christopher
name: Bayer, Patrick
name: Timmins, Christopher
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Institutional and Behavioral Economics
subject: local spillovers
subject: location choice
subject: economic geography
subject: natural advantage
subject: social interactions
subject: network effects
subject: endogenous sorting
subject: discrete choice models
subject: agglomeration
subject: congestion

description: With the growing recognition of the role played by geography in all sorts of economic problems, there is strong interest in measuring the size and scope of local spillovers (i.e., simple anonymous agglomeration or congestion effects, or more complicated interactions between individuals or firms of specific types). It is well-understood, however, that such spillovers cannot be distinguished from unobservable local attributes using just the observed location decisions of individuals or firms. We propose an empirical strategy for recovering estimates of spillovers in the presence of unobserved local attributes for a broadly applicable class of equilibrium sorting models. This approach relies on an instrumental variables strategy derived from the internal logic of the sorting model itself. We show practically how the strategy is implemented, provide intuition for our instrumental variables, and discuss the role of effective choice-set variation in identifying the model, and carry-out a series of Monte Carlo experiments to demonstrate the instruments' performance in small samples.
Natural entropy fluctuations discriminate similar looking electric signals emitted from systems of different dynamics
Creators: name: Varotsos, P. A.
name: Sarlis, N. V.
name: Skordas, E. S.
name: Lazaridou, M. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Complexity measures are introduced, that quantify the change of the natural entropy fluctuations at different length scales in time-series emitted from systems operating far from equilibrium. They identify impending sudden cardiac death (SD) by analyzing fifteen minutes electrocardiograms, and comparing to those of truly healthy humans (H). These measures seem to be complementary to the ones suggested recently [Phys. Rev. E {\bf 70}, 011106 (2004)] and altogether enable the classification of individuals into three categories: H, heart disease patients and SD. All the SD individuals, who exhibit critical dynamics, result in a common behavior.
description: Published in Physical Review E