cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
A Differential-Geometric Approach to Quantum Ignorance Consistent with Entropic Properties of Statistical Mechanics
Creators: name: Ray, Shannon
name: Alsing, Paul M.
name: Cafaro, Carlo
name: Jacinto, Shelton
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we construct the metric tensor and volume for the manifold of purifications associated with an arbitrary reduced density operator $ρ_S$. We also define a quantum coarse-graining (CG) to study the volume where macrostates are the manifolds of purifications, which we call surfaces of ignorance (SOI), and microstates are the purifications of $ρ_S$. In this context, the volume functions as a multiplicity of the macrostates that quantifies the amount of information missing from $ρ_S$. Using examples where the SOI are generated using representations of $SU(2)$, $SO(3)$, and $SO(N)$, we show two features of the CG. (1) A system beginning in an atypical macrostate of smaller volume evolves to macrostates of greater volume until it reaches the equilibrium macrostate in a process in which the system and environment become strictly more entangled, and (2) the equilibrium macrostate takes up the vast majority of the coarse-grainied space especially as the dimension of the total system becomes large. Here, the equilibrium macrostate corresponds to maximum entanglement between system and environment. To demonstrate feature (1) for the examples considered, we show that the volume behaves like the von Neumann entropy in that it is zero for pure states, maximal for maximally mixed states, and is a concave function w.r.t the purity of $ρ_S$. These two features are essential to typicality arguments regarding thermalization and Boltzmann's original CG.
description: 12 pages, 10 figures. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2111.07836
MPEC 2023-X257 : 2023 XT11
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2023 XT11

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Social and structural contexts of injectable opioid agonist treatment : a critical ethnographic study of people's experiences in Vancouver, BC
Creators: name: Mayer, Samara
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2024

description: Background: As part of the response to Canada’s worsening overdose crisis driven by a toxic adulterated drug supply, there has been increased attention to and expansion of drug treatment options, including injectable opioid agonist treatment (iOAT). Many people who access iOAT experience significant social inequities (insecure housing, poverty) and are impacted by multiple and intersecting forms of discrimination (racism, sexism). As this treatment has only recently expanded, there is a gap in research on how iOAT can help alleviate and account for these social inequities in the context of the ongoing adulteration of the illicit drug supply. This dissertation addresses this gap by examining how social and structural factors impact people’s engagement with iOAT to optimize program delivery. Methods: This dissertation draws on critical ethnographic and community-based approaches conducted with people accessing four iOAT programs in Vancouver’s Downtown Eastside neighbourhood from May 2018 to November 2019. Data included in-depth baseline and follow-up interviews and approximately 50 hours of observation fieldwork conducted in one iOAT program and with a subsample of participants in the surrounding neighbourhood. Analysis leveraged a structural vulnerability lens and complementing critical social science theories to characterize the social-structural dynamics that shape people’s engagement with iOAT. Results: This dissertation characterizes why people engage with iOAT and how they navigate its enabling and constraining aspects. Participants accessed iOAT for resources to address social inequities and physical harms (withdrawal, chronic pain, overdose) experienced in the context of the ongoing toxic drug supply. While iOAT provides access to life-saving medication and health and social supports, program operations (e.g., surveillance) can create barriers to engagement. Findings highlight how intersecting structural vulnerabilities, including gendered power dynamics, housing insecurity, poverty, inadequate chronic pain management, and drug use-related stigma, mediate how people engage with iOAT. Conclusion: Drawing attention to structural vulnerability, study findings highlight the diverse and pragmatic ways people engage with iOAT to achieve personal goals and manage their opioid use in a broader socio-political context and worsening overdose crisis. Findings point to the importance and modification of integrating low-threshold, equity-oriented, and patient-centred approaches to iOAT care to meet people’s diverse needs.
Assessing L2 Academic Speaking Ability: The Need for a Scenario-based Assessment Approach
Creators: name: Seong, Yuna
Publisher: name: Studies in Applied Linguistics and TESOL
Year: 2017

description: In second language (L2) testing literature, from the skills-and-elements approach to the more recent models of communicative language ability, the conceptualization of L2 proficiency has evolved and broadened over the past few decades (Purpura, 2016). Consequently, the notion of L2 speaking ability has also gone through change, which has influenced L2 testers to constantly reevaluate what needs to be assessed and how L2 speaking assessment can adopt different designs and techniques accordingly.
description: Studies in Applied Linguistics and TESOL, Vol. 17 No. 2 (2017)
A Global Map of the Protein Shape Universe
Creators: name: Xusi Han
name: Sit, Atilla
name: Christoffer, Charles
name: Siyan Cheng
name: Kihara, Daisuke
Publisher: name: F1000 Research Limited
Year: 2019

description: Proteins are involved in almost all functions in a living cell. Obtaining a global perspective of the variety and distribution of protein structures lays a foundation for our understanding of the building principle of protein structures. In light of the rapid accumulation of low-resolution structure data from electron tomography and cryo-electron microscopy, here we map and classify three-dimensional (3D) surface shapes of proteins into a similarity space. Surface shapes of proteins were represented with 3D Zernike descriptors, mathematical moment-based invariants. In addition to single chains of proteins, we have also analyzed the shape space occupied by protein complexes. From the mapping, we have obtained various new insights into the relationship between shapes, main-chain folds, and complex formation. The unique view obtained from shape mapping opens up new ways to understand design principles, functions, and evolution of proteins.
A Learning-oriented Assessment Perspective on Scenario-based Assessment
Creators: name: Carroll, Brian A.
Publisher: name: Studies in Applied Linguistics and TESOL
Year: 2017

description: When most people think of language assessments, they generally recall the standardized formats of high-stakes, large-scale examinations. These assessments are widely recognized for providing valid and reliable measures of test-taker knowledge. However, recently these standardized assessments have also been criticized for not providing accurate reflections of the knowledge, skills, and abilities essential for 21st century students to confront the era of digital communication. In order to meet these demands, assessment researchers and test designers have been re-conceptualizing test design and development procedures to provide more authentic assessments which more accurately reflect the complexity of tasks test-takers are likely to encounter in the 21st century (Bachman & Palmer, 1996; Chapelle & Douglas, 2006; Purpura, 2004).
description: Studies in Applied Linguistics and TESOL, Vol. 17 No. 2 (2017)
Exploring the Possibilities of Scenario-based Assessment: An Introduction
Creators: name: Beltrán, Jorge
name: Lin, Rongchan
Publisher: name: Studies in Applied Linguistics and TESOL
Year: 2017

description: The field of language assessment has steadily been evolving over the years, with new approaches to construct definition and test design emerging as developments in research and technology arise. Different fields have helped inform theory and practice, and one approach, which began as part of K-12 assessment, seems particularly promising–the approach of Scenario-based Assessment (SBA). SBA was initially developed as part of the Cognitively Based Assessment of, for and as Learning (CBAL), an initiative that aimed to use findings from cognitive and behavioral sciences to inform the development of innovative assessments, such as those to be designed in alignment to the Common Core State Standards (Sabatini, Bennet, & Deane, 2011). In this way, SBA has been used to explore the assessment of mathematical skills (Bennet, 2011; Harris & Bauer, 2009), reading proficiency (O’Reily & Sheehan, 2009; Sabatini & O’Reily, 2013), and writing skills (Deane, Sabatini, & Fowles, 2012).
description: Studies in Applied Linguistics and TESOL, Vol. 17 No. 2 (2017)
THEORETICAL AND METHODOLOGICAL BASIS OF EDUCATIONAL SYSTEM MANAGEMENT
Creators: name: Rakhmonova, Manzura
name: G'anijonov, Samejon
name: Xudoyberdiyeva, Dilnavoz
name: Jo'rayeva, Sarvinoz
name: Nosirova, Oydinsa
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: The social necessity of life required the development of scientifically based methods of managing the educational process, accepting the theoretical and methodological aspects of educational management as a special scientific direction. It is necessary to justify the main aspects of educational management from the point of view of theory and research and experience in order to arm leaders with special knowledge and skills. This will help them to correctly solve the specific problems that arise in the management process, to objectively solve educational puzzles.
Dynamics of Scalar Field Dark Matter With a Cosh-like Potential
Creators: name: Matos, Tonatiuh
name: Luevano, Jose-Ruben
name: Quiros, Israel
name: Urena-Lopez, L. Arturo
name: Vazquez, Jose Alberto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The dynamics of a cosmological model fueled by scalar field dark matter with a cosh-like potential plus a cosmological constant is investigated in detail. It is revealed that the late-time attractor is always the de Sitter solution, and that, depending on the values of the free parameters, the oscillating solution of the scalar field -- modeling cold dark matter -- mediates between some early stage (say, the radiation-dominated solution) and the accelerating de Sitter attractor.
description: 9 pages, 17 figures, uses RevTex
Positron Excess, Luminous-Dark Matter Unification and Family Structure
Creators: name: Frampton, Paul H.
name: Hung, Pham Q.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is commonly assumed that dark matter may be composed of one or at most a few elementary particles. PAMELA data present a window of opportunity into a possible relationship between luminous and dark matter. Along with ATIC data the two positron excesses are interpreted as a reflection of dark matter family structure. In a unified model it is predicted that at least a third enhancement might show up at a different energy. The strength of the enhancements however depends on interfamily mixing angles.
description: Latex, 12 pages. Improved wordings. Version to appear in PLB
Particle Dark Matter and DAMA/LIBRA
Creators: name: Bernabei, R.
name: Belli, P.
name: Cappella, F.
name: Cerulli, R.
name: Dai, C. J.
name: d'Angelo, A.
name: He, H. L.
name: Incicchitti, A.
name: Ma, X. H.
name: Montecchia, F.
name: Nozzoli, F.
name: Prosperi, D.
name: Sheng, X. D.
name: Wang, R. G.
name: Ye, Z. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The DAMA/LIBRA set-up (about 250 kg highly radiopure NaI(Tl) sensitive mass) is running at the Gran Sasso National Laboratory of the I.N.F.N.. The first DAMA/LIBRA results confirm the evidence for the presence of a Dark Matter particle component in the galactic halo, as pointed out by the former DAMA/NaI set-up; cumulatively the data support such evidence at 8.2 sigma C.L. and satisfy all the many peculiarities of the Dark Matter annual modulation signature. The main aspects and prospects of this model independent experimental approach will be outlined.
description: Contributed paper to the Int. Conf. SciNeGHE 2009, Assisi, Italy, October 2009
Cost and efficiency requirements for a successful electricity storage in a highly renewable European energy system
Creators: name: Gøtske, Ebbe Kyhl
name: Andresen, Gorm Bruun
name: Victoria, Marta
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Future highly renewable energy systems might require substantial storage deployment. At the current stage, the technology portfolio of dominant storage options is limited to pumped-hydro storage and Li-Ion batteries. It is uncertain which storage design will be able to compete with these options. Considering Europe as a case study, we derive the cost and efficiency requirements of a generic storage technology, which we refer to as storage-X, to be deployed in the cost-optimal system. This is performed while including existing pumped-hydro facilities and accounting for the competition from stationary Li-ion batteries, flexible generation technology, and flexible demand in a highly renewable sector-coupled energy system. Based on a sample space of 724 storage configurations, we show that energy capacity cost and discharge efficiency largely determine the optimal storage deployment, in agreement with previous studies. Here, we show that charge capacity cost is also important due to its impact on renewable curtailment. A significant deployment of storage-X in a cost-optimal system requires (a) discharge efficiency of at least 95%, (b) discharge efficiency of at least 50% together with low energy capacity cost (10EUR/kWh), or (c) discharge efficiency of at least 25% with very low energy capacity cost (2EUR/kWh). Comparing our findings with seven emerging technologies reveals that none of them fulfill these requirements. Thermal Energy Storage (TES) is, however, on the verge of qualifying due to its low energy capacity cost and concurrent low charge capacity cost. Exploring the space of storage designs reveals that system cost reduction from storage-X deployment can reach 9% at its best, but this requires high round-trip efficiency (90%) and low charge capacity cost (35EUR/kW).
Self-Diffusion in 2D Dusty Plasma Liquids: Numerical Simulation Results
Creators: name: Hou, Lu-Jing
name: Piel, Alexander
name: Shukla, P. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We perform Brownian dynamics simulations for studying the self-diffusion in two-dimensional (2D) dusty plasma liquids, in terms of both mean-square displacement and velocity autocorrelation function (VAF). Super-diffusion of charged dust particles has been observed to be most significant at infinitely small damping rate $γ$ for intermediate coupling strength, where the long-time asymptotic behavior of VAF is found to be the product of $t^{-1}$ and $\exp{(-γt)}$. The former represents the prediction of early theories in 2D simple liquids and the latter the VAF of a free Brownian particle. This leads to a smooth transition from super-diffusion to normal diffusion, and then to sub-diffusion with an increase of the damping rate. These results well explain the seemingly contradictory scattered in recent classical molecular dynamics simulations and experiments of dusty plasmas.
description: 10 pages 5 figures, accepted by PRL
Additional file 1 of Analysis of differential membrane proteins related to matrix stiffness-mediated metformin resistance in hepatocellular carcinoma cells
Creators: name: Gao, Xiangyu
name: Qian, Jiali
name: Zhang, Yang
name: Wang, Heming
name: Cui, Jiefeng
name: Yang, Yehong
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Ingredients of polyacrylamide gel substrates with variable stiffness.
Vector Curvaton without Instabilities
Creators: name: Dimopoulos, Konstantinos
name: Karciauskas, Mindaugas
name: Wagstaff, Jacques M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A vector curvaton model with a Maxwell kinetic term and varying kinetic function and mass during inflation is studied. It is shown that, if light until the end of inflation, the vector field can generate statistical anisotropy in the curvature perturbation spectrum and bispectrum, with the latter being predominantly anisotropic. If by the end of inflation the vector field becomes heavy, then particle production is isotropic and the vector curvaton can alone generate the curvature perturbation. The model does not suffer from instabilities such as ghosts and is the only concrete model, to date, which can produce the curvature perturbation without direct involvement of fundamental scalar fields.
description: 4 pages, RevTex
title: Cruise Report: OER DeepSEARCH 4th Cruise, Deepwater Atlantic Habitats II: Continued Atlantic Research and Exploration in Deepwater Ecosystems with Focus on Coral, Canyon and Seep Communities 2019
Creators: name: Cordes, Erik
Publisher: name: United States. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Office of Ocean Exploration and Research
Year: 2019

description: RB-1903
Gas Giant Planet Formation versus Stellar Mass: the Role of Circumstellar Disk Evolution
Creators: name: Meyer, Michael R.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: gas giant planets, planet formation, circumstellar disks

description: Exoplanet demographic properties are emerging as a function of planet mass, orbital separation, and host star mass based on combinations of survey techniques (Gaudi, Christiansen, and Meyer, 2020). Connecting the properties of circumstellar discs with exoplanet outcomes is a powerful test of planet formation theory. One variable we can use in such tests is host star mass. Comparing the lifetimes of circumstellar discs as a function of stellar mass in young clusters, we can constrain a gas giant planet formation framework built to explore the planet mass function (Adams, Meyer, and Adams 2021). We will review gas giant demographics and gas disc lifetimes versus host star mass, as well as how these both constrain this theoretical framework, and outline what remains to be done in this area.
Broadband multi-layer anti-reflection coatings with mullite and duroid for half-wave plates and alumina filters for CMB polarimetry
Creators: name: Sakaguri, Kana
name: Hasegawa, Masaya
name: Sakurai, Yuki
name: Hill, Charles
name: Kusaka, Akito
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A broadband two-layer anti-reflection (AR) coating was developed for use on a sapphire half-wave plate (HWP) and an alumina infrared (IR) filter for cosmic microwave background (CMB) polarimetry. Measuring tiny CMB B-mode signals requires maximizing the number of photons reaching the detectors and minimizing spurious polarization due to reflection with an off-axis incident angle. However, a sapphire HWP and an alumina IR filter have high refractive indices of about 3.1, and an AR coating must be applied to them. Thermally sprayed mullite and Duroid 5880LZ were selected in terms of index and coefficient of thermal expansion for use at cryogenic temperatures. With these materials, the reflectivity was reduced to about 2% at 90/150 GHz and <1% at 220/280 GHz. The design, fabrication, and optical performance evaluation of the AR coatings are described. The coatings were used in a current ground-based CMB experiment called the Simons Array. They could also be applied to next-generation CMB experiments, such as the Simons Observatory.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures
title: Neutronenradiographie an bentonitgebundenem Formstoff
title: Eine leistungsstarke Methode zur Untersuchung momentaner Feuchteverteilungen
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Jordan, Guntram
name: Eulenkamp, Constanze
name: Schmahl, Wolfgang W.
name: Calzada, Elbio
name: Schillinger, Burkhard
name: Stanjek, Helge
name: Steinkemper, Udo
name: Wolff, Horst
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: 530
subject: 540
subject: 550

description: Die Wiederverwendbarkeit von bentonitgebundenem Formstoff ist begrenzt. Die Ursachen sind vielfältig. Eine Hauptursache liegt in der Abnahme der Bindefähigkeit der Tonminerale. Wird diese Abnahme ausschließlich durch Bedingungen in der industriellen Anwendung ausgelöst, wie zum Beispiel durch Totbrand oder Versalzung, oder könnte sie auch Folge einer inhärenten Eigenschaft der Tonminerale sein, nämlich einer Minderung der Reversibilität des Wasseraustausches schon bei Temperaturen unter 200 °C?
Mit der Neutronenradiographie kann Wasser im Formstoff während einer Hitzeeinwirkung quantitativ und in Echtzeit detektiert werden. Untersuchungen mit reinen Quarz-Bentonit-Wasser-Mischungen zeigten nach vier Umläufen keine signifikante Abweichung der Wasserkinematik während der Hitzeeinwirkung. In Formstoffbereichen, die Temperaturen über 100 °C ausgesetzt waren, verlief die Wassergabe in den verschiedenen Proben vergleichbar. In den Bereichen, die unter 100 °C blieben, hing jedoch der momentane lokale Wassergehalt deutlich von der anfänglichen Feuchte des Formstoffs und von der Qualität der Durchmischung ab. Letztere beeinflusste wiederum deutlich die Ausprägung der Kondensationszone im Formstoff.
Corrective Feedback in Written Synchronous and Asynchronous Computer-Mediated Communication
Creators: name: Akbar, Farah S.
Publisher: name: Studies in Applied Linguistics and TESOL
Year: 2017

description: Although corrective feedback (CF) has attracted much attention in the field of second language acquisition, there is scant research pertaining to CF in naturalistic written computer-mediated communication (CMC). This exploratory study addressed this gap by describing the types of CF that occurred and evaluating their relative effects on learner uptake in two conditions: (1) asynchronous CMC and (2) synchronous CMC between four Native Speaker-Non-Native Speaker dyads. As a measure of effectiveness, learner uptake is defined as immediate or delayed learner responses to CF. Participants completed the following synchronous tasks: an introductory task, and a video-prompted discussion task via an online chat program. For the asynchronous task, the participants co-developed a 3-day travel plan via email. The findings showed that CF in the form of clarification requests existed in the ACMC environment, whereas recasts were the only type of CF observed in the SCMC environment. Although no evidence of immediate effect was shown during task performance, an instance of delayed effect was shown across tasks in the SCMC environment.
description: Studies in Applied Linguistics and TESOL, Vol. 17 No. 2 (2017)
Language for Specific Purposes Testing: A Historical Review
Creators: name: Grapin, Sott E.
Publisher: name: Studies in Applied Linguistics and TESOL
Year: 2017

description: Language for specific purposes (LSP) has a long history in the language testing literature. An outgrowth of the communicative language movement of the 1970s, LSP testing arose out of the practical need to assess individuals’ abilities to perform specific tasks in academic and professional settings. This historical review traces the evolution of LSP testing in the language testing literature, focusing specifically on theory and research in two key areas: (a) authenticity and (b) the interaction between language knowledge and background knowledge. The review then turns to how Douglas (2000), in the most comprehensive treatment of LSP testing to date, incorporates insights from these two lines of work into his conceptualization. Throughout the review, tensions and debates emerging from the literature are discussed. The final section addresses the uncertain future of LSP in the language testing landscape.
description: Studies in Applied Linguistics and TESOL, Vol. 17 No. 2 (2017)
Mapping millennials' experiences of successful career change : helping and hindering factors
Creators: name: Grant, Eva
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2023

description: Given the significant role that work plays in our lives, it is regrettable that a considerable number of individuals are dissatisfied with their career situations. Studies have shown that career-related regret is the most prevalent type of regret. Despite this widespread discontent, there is a prevailing tendency towards inaction when it comes to making such changes. This is problematic for workers, employers, and the broader community as it can lead to poor performance, increased risk of burnout, and adverse mental health outcomes. Nonetheless, there exist millennials who have successfully navigated career changes despite these obstacles. Millennial employees, a generational group born between 1979 and 1994, entered the workforce during a period marked by heightened economic and global instability, and now they constitute the majority of the workforce. Millennials are recognized as catalysts for change, as they are challenging certain workplace norms established by preceding generations. However, many still grapple with paralyzing concerns related to changing careers. Learning about the triumphs of career change achieved by fellow millennial workers may help alleviate some of these concerns and offer role models for achieving success. While there has been extensive research on job changes, which are more frequent and considered a normal part of career progression, there is a notable lack of research on career changes, making it a poorly understood phenomenon. This study aims to fill the gap in the existing literature by identifying the factors contributing to successful career changes among millennial workers. To achieve this, open-ended semi-structured interviews based on the enhanced critical incident technique were conducted with 10 millennial workers who had successfully changed careers. The findings yielded 10 categories of factors that either helped or hindered the participants, as well as factors they wished were available to them during their career change. Four major themes emerged, namely, support or lack thereof, individual attributes, strategies employed, and situational factors. This research contributes to the literature by shedding light on the successful career changes of millennial workers, expanding our understanding of career development theory, and aiding practitioners in creating more inclusive tools and counselling interventions.
Precise Request Tracing and Performance Debugging for Multi-tier Services of Black Boxes
Creators: name: Zhang, Zhihong
name: Zhan, Jianfeng
name: Li, Yong
name: Wang, Lei
name: Meng, Dan
name: Sang, Bo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: Performance (cs.PF)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: As more and more multi-tier services are developed from commercial components or heterogeneous middleware without the source code available, both developers and administrators need a precise request tracing tool to help understand and debug performance problems of large concurrent services of black boxes. Previous work fails to resolve this issue in several ways: they either accept the imprecision of probabilistic correlation methods, or rely on knowledge of protocols to isolate requests in pursuit of tracing accuracy. This paper introduces a tool named PreciseTracer to help debug performance problems of multi-tier services of black boxes. Our contributions are two-fold: first, we propose a precise request tracing algorithm for multi-tier services of black boxes, which only uses application-independent knowledge; secondly, we present a component activity graph abstraction to represent causal paths of requests and facilitate end-to-end performance debugging. The low overhead and tolerance of noise make PreciseTracer a promising tracing tool for using on production systems.
Hilti-Oxford Dataset: A Millimetre-Accurate Benchmark for Simultaneous Localization and Mapping
Creators: name: Zhang, Lintong
name: Helmberger, Michael
name: Fu, Lanke Frank Tarimo
name: Wisth, David
name: Camurri, Marco
name: Scaramuzza, Davide
name: Fallon, Maurice
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (SLAM) is being deployed in real-world applications, however many state-of-the-art solutions still struggle in many common scenarios. A key necessity in progressing SLAM research is the availability of high-quality datasets and fair and transparent benchmarking. To this end, we have created the Hilti-Oxford Dataset, to push state-of-the-art SLAM systems to their limits. The dataset has a variety of challenges ranging from sparse and regular construction sites to a 17th century neoclassical building with fine details and curved surfaces. To encourage multi-modal SLAM approaches, we designed a data collection platform featuring a lidar, five cameras, and an IMU (Inertial Measurement Unit). With the goal of benchmarking SLAM algorithms for tasks where accuracy and robustness are paramount, we implemented a novel ground truth collection method that enables our dataset to accurately measure SLAM pose errors with millimeter accuracy. To further ensure accuracy, the extrinsics of our platform were verified with a micrometer-accurate scanner, and temporal calibration was managed online using hardware time synchronization. The multi-modality and diversity of our dataset attracted a large field of academic and industrial researchers to enter the second edition of the Hilti SLAM challenge, which concluded in June 2022. The results of the challenge show that while the top three teams could achieve an accuracy of 2cm or better for some sequences, the performance dropped off in more difficult sequences.
description: Presented at IEEE Robotics and Automation (ICRA), 2023
Phenomenological signatures of gauge invariant theories of gravity with vectorial nonmetricity
Creators: name: Quiros, Israel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we discuss on the phenomenological footprints of gauge invariant theories of gravity where the gravitational effects are due not only to spacetime curvature, but also to vectorial nonmetricity. We explore the possibility that vectorial nonmetricity and gauge symmetry may survive after $SU(2)\times U(1)$ (electroweak) symmetry breaking, so that these may have impact on the explanation of certain cosmological puzzles, such as the nature of the dark matter and of the dark energy. We show that this is possible only for theories with gradient nonmetricity, i. e., when the vectorial nonmetricity amounts to a gradient of a scalar. The possibility that vectorial nonmetricity may have played a role in the quantum epoch is not ruled out. We also present an alternative interpretation of gauge invariance of theories with vectorial nonmetricity which we call as ``many-worlds'' interpretation due to its overall similitude with the known interpretation of quantum physics.
description: 16 pages, no figures. Version accepted by PRD
Readers' Credits for Volume 17, Issue 1
Creators: name: Seong, Yuna
Publisher: name: Studies in Applied Linguistics and TESOL
Year: 2017

description: Teachers College, Columbia University Working Papers in TESOL & Applied Linguistics would like to thank the following individuals for reviewing the contributions for Volume 17, Issue 1 (2017).
description: Studies in Applied Linguistics and TESOL, Vol. 17 No. 1 (2017): SPECIAL ISSUE ON CDST
An Interview with APPLE Lecture Speaker Professor James Pennebaker
Creators: name: Kang, Eun Young
name: Liu, Yulin
name: Sok, Sarah
name: Yu, Di
name: Seong, Yuna
Publisher: name: Studies in Applied Linguistics and TESOL
Year: 2017

description: On February 24, 2017, the TESOL/AL Web Journal (represented by Eun Young Kang, Yulin Liu, Sarah Sok, Di Yu and Yuna Seong) had the opportunity to sit down with Professor James Pennebaker, guest speaker for the 2017 Applied Linguistics & Language Education (APPLE) Lecture Series, hosted annually by the TESOL/Applied Linguistics Programs at Teachers College, Columbia University. Professor Pennebaker spoke about his research and advice he has for current and future researchers in the TESOL and Applied Linguistics fields.
description: Studies in Applied Linguistics and TESOL, Vol. 17 No. 1 (2017): SPECIAL ISSUE ON CDST
On the equivalence between Sáez-Ballester theory and Einstein-scalar field system
Creators: name: Quiros, Israel
name: Horta-Rangel, Francisco Antonio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Here we discuss a topic that comes up more often than expected: A same theory or theoretical model arises in two different presentations which are assumed to be actually different theories so that these are independently developed. Sometimes this leads to an unwanted doubling of the results. In this paper we illustrate this issue with the example of two apparently different gravitational theories: (i) the (minimally coupled) Einstein-massless-scalar system and (ii) the Sáez-Ballester theory. We demonstrate that the latter is not a scalar-tensor theory of gravity, as widely acknowledged. Moreover, Sáez-Ballester theory is identified with the Einstein-massless-scalar theory. As illustrations of this identification we show that several known solutions of Sáez-Ballester theory are also solutions of the Einstein-massless-scalar system and viceversa. Cosmological arguments are also considered. In particular, a dynamical systems-based demonstration of the dynamical equivalence between these theories is given. The study of the asymptotic dynamics of the Sáez-Ballester based cosmological model shows that there are not equilibrium points which could be associated with accelerated expansion, unless one includes a cosmological constant term or a self-interacting scalar field. This is a well-known result for cosmological models which are based in the Einstein-self-interacting-scalar theory, also known as quintessence.
description: 12 pages, 4 eps figures. We include a demonstration of the dynamical equivalence between SBT and EMS system based on the dynamical systems tools applied in the FRW cosmological context. This version matches the one accepted by the Int. J. Modern Phys. D
Minimally tough chordal graphs with toughness at most $1/2$
Creators: name: Katona, Gyula Y.
name: Khan, Humara
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Discrete Mathematics (cs.DM)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: G.2.2
subject: 05C42

description: Let $t$ be a positive real number. A graph is called \emph{$t$-tough} if the removal of any vertex set $S$ that disconnects the graph leaves at most $|S|/t$ components. The toughness of a graph is the largest $t$ for which the graph is $t$-tough. A graph is minimally $t$-tough if the toughness of the graph is $t$ and the deletion of any edge from the graph decreases the toughness. A graph is \emph{chordal} if it does not contain an induced cycle of length at least $4$. We characterize the minimally $t$-tough, chordal graphs for all $t\le 1/2$. As a corollary, a characterization of minimally $t$-tough, interval graphs is obtained for $t\le 1/2$.
Heavy--quark momentum correlations as a sensitive probe of thermalization
Creators: name: Schweda, K.
name: Tsiledakis, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In high-energy nuclear collisions the degree of thermalization at the partonic level is a key issue. Due to their large mass, heavy-quarks and their participation in the collective flow of the QCD medium constitute a powerful tool to probe thermalization. We propose measuring azimuthal correlations of heavy-quark hadrons and products from their semi-leptonic decay. Modifications or even the complete absence of initially, e.g. in p-p collisions, existing azimuthal correlations in Pb-Pb collisions might indicate thermalization at the partonic level. We present studies with PYTHIA for p-p collisions at the top LHC energy using the two-particle transverse momentum correlator ${}$ as a sensitive measure of azimuthal correlations.
description: proceedings of the SQM2008 conference, Beijing, China, 6 pages, 4 figs., accepted for publication in J. Phys. G
Rigged Hilbert Space Approach for Non-Hermite Systems with Positive Definite Metric
Creators: name: Ohmori, Shousuke
name: Takahashi, Junichi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate Dirac's bra-ket formalism based on a rigged Hilbert space for a non-Hermite quantum system with a positive-definite metric. First, the rigged Hilbert space, characterized by positive-definite metric, is established. With the aid of the nuclear spectral theorem for the obtained rigged Hilbert space, spectral expansions are shown for the bra-kets by the generalized eigenvectors of a quasi-Hermite operator. The spectral expansions are utilized to endow the complete bi-orthogonal system and the transformation theory between the Hermite and non-Hermite systems. As an example of application, we show a specific description of our rigged Hilbert space treatment for some parity-time symmetrical quantum systems.
description: 10 pages
Dress code for infrared safe scattering in QED
Creators: name: Hirai, Hayato
name: Sugishita, Sotaro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the $S$-matrix and inclusive cross-section for general dressed states in quantum electrodynamics. We obtain an infrared factorization formula of the $S$-matrix elements for general dressed states. It enables us to study what dressed states lead to infrared-safe $S$-matrix elements. The condition for dressed states can be interpreted as the memory effect which is nothing but the conservation law of the asymptotic symmetry. We derive the generalized soft photon theorem for general dressed states. We also compute inclusive cross-section using general dressed states. It is necessary to use appropriate initial and final dressed states to evaluate interference effects, which cannot be computed correctly by using Fock states due to the infrared divergence.
description: 47 pages + appendices, no figure; v2: minor edit, references added; v3: clarifications added in subsection 5.1, new appendix D added and typos corrected
Anaerobic fermentation of peanut meal to produce even-chain volatile fatty acids using Saccharomyces cerevisiae inoculum
Creators: name: Zhang, Lu
name: Fang, Qian
name: Huang, Dingwu
name: Liu, Yu
name: Zeng, Yunyi
name: Xie, Yihan
name: Luo, Jin
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: In this study, the effects of inoculating Saccharomyces cerevisiae (S. cerevisiae) on the production of volatile fatty acids (VFAs) via anaerobic fermentation of organic solid waste peanut meal were investigated. At 35°C (temperature of the medium), inoculums consisting of six different S. cerevisiae-peanut meal ratios were used in sequencing batch anaerobic fermentation, and the changes in VFA, protein, glycogen, pH, NH4+, and soluble chemical oxygen demand (SCOD) levels during the fermentation process were studied. Results showed that after inoculation with S. cerevisiae, the anaerobic fermentation of peanut meal mainly produced even-chain VFAs (acetic acid and n-butyric acid); in the early stage of fermentation, inoculation of S. cerevisiae enhanced protein dissolution efficiency and degradation rate, and completely degraded soluble glycogen. The utilization ratio of the protein and soluble glycogen improved. Analysis of significant difference showed that compared to the peanut meal control, the experimental group correlated significantly with the VFAs. The VFA obtained with the inoculum: peanut meal ratio of 0.15 g g−1 was mainly acetic acid, with peak concentration of 10,797.09 mg L−1, which was 1.82 times higher than that obtained with only the peanut meal fermentation. Response surface methodology predicted that the inoculation ratio was 0.15 g g−1, and the effect of producing VFAs was the best when the fermentation time was 8.63d. The results showed that S. cerevisiae inoculation may improve VFA production and increase the proportion of even acids.
Complex Dynamic Systems Research: Some Insights on Data Analysis
Creators: name: Lew, Wai Man Adrienne
Publisher: name: Studies in Applied Linguistics and TESOL
Year: 2017

description: Acquiring a second language (L2) has been increasingly recognized to be an ongoing developmental process, one that progresses in a fluid and non-linear fashion (Larsen-Freeman, 2015). Instead of operating like a mechanical black box that parses incoming linguistic information and outputs oral/written language indiscriminately, the learner’s developing system has been shown to be selectively adaptive (e.g., Han & Selinker, 1999; Schachter, 1974; Slobin, 1996). Where variability in acquisitional data arises, more than one of the following factors are likely involved: crosslinguistic influence, avoidance, conceptual transfer, among others. For this reason, research adopting a Complex Dynamic Systems approach to data analysis has gained sway in Second Language Acquisition (SLA) in recent years. Unlike most existing empirical L2 acquisition studies that employ only a single method of data analysis, L2 Complex Dynamic Systems research advocates the application of multiple data analysis methods to the same set(s) of empirical data. In doing so, researchers are more likely to gain a multidimensional and finer-grained grasp of what the empirical L2 data might in fact be suggesting about the learner’s developmental trajectory.
description: Studies in Applied Linguistics and TESOL, Vol. 17 No. 1 (2017): SPECIAL ISSUE ON CDST
SHAHSNING HAYOT QADRIYATLARI VA UNING TAYM MENEJMENTDAGI AHAMIYATI
Creators: name: Otajonova, Maftuna
name: Matlubova, Aziza
name: Abdusattorova, Nozima
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Maqolada qadriyatlar, umuminsoniy, ijtimoiy-axloqiy, madaniy-maʼnaviy ahamiyatini koʼrsatish uchun qoʻllanadigan tushunchalar, inson va insoniyat uchun ahamiyatli boʻlgan barcha narsalar, masalan, erkinlik, tinchlik, adolat, ijtimoiy tenglik, maʼrifat, haqiqat, yaxshilik, goʻzallik, moddiy va maʼnaviy boyliklar, anʼana, urf-odat va boshqa qadriyatlar haqida so'z boradi.
Emission line gas ionisation in young radio galaxies
Creators: name: Holt, J.
name: Tadhunter, C. N.
name: Morganti, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper is the second in a series in which we present intermediate-resolution spectra for a complete sample of 14 compact radio sources, taken with the aim of investigating the impact of the nuclear activity on the cirumnuclear interstellar medium (ISM) in the early stages of radio source evolution. In the first paper we presented the kinematic results from the line modelling and reported fast outflows in the circumnuclear gas. Here, we use the line fluxes to investigate the physical conditions and dominant ionisation mechanisms of the emission line gas. We find evidence for large electron densities and high reddening in the nuclear regions, particularly in the broader, blueshifted components. These results are consistent with the idea that the young, recently triggered radio sources still reside in dense and dusty cocoons deposited by the recent activity triggering event. In addition, we find that the quiescent nuclear and extended narrow components are consistent with AGN photoionisation. For the nuclear broader and shifted components the results are less clear. Whilst there are suggestions that the broader components may be closer to shock plus precursor models on the diagnostic diagrams (with high electron temperatures and densities), we are unable to unambiguously distinguish the dominant ionisation mechanism using the optical emission line ratios. This is surprising given the strong evidence for jet-cloud interactions (broad emission lines, large outflow velocities and strong radio-optical alignments), which favours the idea that the warm gas has been accelerated in shocks driven by the radio lobes expanding through a dense cocoon of gas deposited during the triggering event.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS - Full paper (including Appendices) available at http://www.astron.nl/~morganti/Papers/Holt_MNRAS2009.ps