cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The VLT-UVES survey for molecular hydrogen in high-redshift damped Lyman-alpha systems: Physical conditions in the neutral gas
Creators: name: Srianand, Raghunathan
name: Petitjean, Patrick
name: Ledoux, Cedric
name: Ferland, Gary
name: Shaw, Gargi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the physical conditions in DLAs, using a sample of 33 systems toward 26 QSOs acquired for a recently completed survey of H_2 by Ledoux et al. (2003). We use the column densities of H_2 in different rotational levels, together with those of C I, C I*, C I**, C II* and singly ionized atomic species to discuss the kinetic temperature, the density of hydrogen and the electronic density in the gas together with the ambient UV radiation field. Detailed comparisons are made between the observed properties in DLAs, the interstellar medium (ISM) of the Galaxy, LMC and SMC. The mean kinetic temperature of the gas corresponding to DLA subcomponents in which H_2 absorption line is detected, derived from the ortho-to-para ratio (153+/-78 K), is higher than that measured in the ISM (77+/-17 K) and the Magellanic clouds (82+/-21 K). Typical pressure in these components (corresponding to T = 100-300 K and n = 10-200 cm^-3), measured using C I fine-structure excitation, are higher than what is measured along ISM sightlines. This is consistent with the corresponding higher values for N(H_2,J=2)/N(H_2,J=0) seen in DLAs. From the column densities of the high-J rotational levels, we derive that the typical radiation field in the H_2 bearing components is of the order of or slightly higher than the mean UV field in the Galactic ISM. Determination of electron density in the gas with H_2 and C I show the ionization rate is similar to that of a cold neutral medium (CNM) in a moderate radiation field. This, together with the fact that we see H_2 in 13-20% of the DLAs, can be used to conclude that DLAs at z>1.9 could contribute as much as 50% star formation rate density seen in Lyman break galaxies (LBGs). (Abridged)
description: 21 pages, 16 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Polarization gradient cooling of single atoms in optical dipole traps
Creators: name: Chin, Yue-Sum
name: Steiner, Matthias
name: Kurtsiefer, Christian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We experimentally investigate $σ^+$-$σ^-$ polarization gradient cooling~(PGC) of a single $^{87}$Rb atom in a tightly focused dipole trap and show that the cooling limit strongly depends on the polarization of the trapping field. For optimized cooling light power, the temperature of the atom reaches~$10.4(6)\,μ$K in a linearly polarized trap, approximately five times lower than in a circularly polarized trap. The inhibition of PGC is qualitatively explained by the fictitious magnetic fields induced by the trapping field. We further demonstrate that switching the trap polarization from linear to circular after PGC induces only minor heating.
description: 6 figures, 5 pages
Additional file 3 of miR-543 regulates high glucose-induced fibrosis and autophagy in diabetic nephropathy by targeting TSPAN8
Creators: name: Zhuang, Langen
name: Ge, Xiaoxu
name: Hu, Xiaolei
name: Yang, Qingqing
name: Pei, Xiaoyan
name: Jin, Guoxi
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 3.
Lectures on Superstring and M Theory Dualities
Creators: name: Schwarz, John H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: These lectures begin by reviewing the evidence for S duality of the toroidally compactified heterotic string in 4d that was obtained in the period 1992--94. Next they review recently discovered dualities that relate all five of the 10d superstring theories and a quantum extension of 11d supergravity called M theory. The study of p-branes of various dimensions (some of which are D-branes) plays a central role. The final sections survey supersymmetric string vacua in 6d and some of the dual constructions by which they can be obtained. Special emphasis is given to a class of N=1 models that exhibit ``heterotic-heterotic duality.''
description: 67 pages, latex, 1 figure; Lectures given at the ICTP Spring School (March 1996) and the TASI Summer School (June 1996), TASI96
Sure success partial search
Creators: name: Choi, Byung-Soo
name: Walker, Thomas A.
name: Braunstein, Samuel L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Partial search has been proposed recently for finding the target block containing a target element with fewer queries than the full Grover search algorithm which can locate the target precisely. Since such partial searches will likely be used as subroutines for larger algorithms their success rate is important. We propose a partial search algorithm which achieves success with unit probability.
Diffuse Interstellar Bands: A Comprehensive Laboratory Study
Creators: name: Johnson, Fred M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: As a result of the search for the identity of the chromophores responsible for producing the diffuse interstellar bands, a comprehensive exposition of experimental data is presented, which implicates the following molecules- 1. The extremely stable organic molecules, magnesium tetrabenzoporphyrin (MgTBP) and H2TBP. 2. A paraffin matrix (referred to as grains) containing TBPs. 3. A low concentration of pyridine (also within the grains), whose transmission window at 2175 Angstroms, accounts for the ubiquitous UV bump. The blue emission spectra associated with the central star, HD44179, of the Red Rectangle displays the fluorescence excitation spectra of bare MgTBP. This unique spectrum matches the low temperature lab data of MgTBP in the vapor phase. An effective grain temperature of 2.728 K (plus or minus 0.008) was deduced, based on MgTBPs lowest measured vibrational state of 341 GHz.
Effects of pressure on suspended micromechanical membrane arrays
Creators: name: Naesby, Andreas
name: Naserbakht, Sepideh
name: Dantan, Aurélien
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The effects of pressure on micromechanical air-filled cavities made by a pair of suspended, parallel silicon nitride membranes are investigated in the free molecular and quasi-molecular regimes. Variations of the fundamental drummode mechanical resonant frequencies and damping with air pressure are determined by means of optical interferometry. A kinetic damping linear friction force and a positive resonant frequency shift due to the compression of the fluid between the membranes are observed to be proportional with pressure in the range 0.01-10 mbars. For resonators with near-degenerate modes hybridization of the modes due to this squeeze film effect is also observed and well accounted for by a simple spring-coupled oscillator model.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures
MUSLIHABEGIM MISKIN IS A ZULLISONAYN (WHO WROTE HER WORKS IN TWO LANGUAGES) POETESS
Creators: name: Sodikova, Dilorom
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: the article analyzes the unique features of the work of the famous Bukhara poetess Muslihabegim Miskin, the world of themes, and the unique aspects of her artistic creativity.
What Happened to Antiracist Education? The 1993 Antiracism and Ethnocultural Equity Educational Reform in Ontario School Boards
Creators: name: Tateishi, Douglas
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2020
Subjects: Antiracist education
Educational policy

description: This research uses an antiracism theoretical framework, arising from Stanley’s (2011, 2014) anti-essentialist antiracism and Dei’s (1996) anti-racism praxis, to focus on the four documents that comprised the Ontario Ministry of Education’s 1993 Antiracism and Ethnocultural Equity initiative (the initiative). The initiative required school boards to develop and implement policies to identify and eliminate racisms within their systems and schools. I used a methodology of constructivist grounded theory to trace the origins and content of the initiative through the lens of my 44-years of lived experience, during which I was a teacher, principal, superintendent, associate director of education, and ministry education officer. This thesis poses the overarching question: What happened to antiracism and ethnocultural equity? I find that although the initiative was a genuine antiracism project, it was destined to fail due to certain deficiencies. I conclude it had two critical deficiencies. First, it did not consider the four discrete cultures located in school boards (made up of supervisory officers, trustees, principals and teachers). Second, it did not provide these cultures with suitable pressures and supports to generate the individual and organizational changes envisioned. Finally I consider what the Ministry would need to do for such an antiracism reform to succeed? I argue systemic policy reform must be based on what I call strategic antiracist education. It would provide the members of the culture of supervisory officers with the necessary knowledge, authority, resources and supports, including professional development, to enable them to lead the members of the other school cultures in antiracist educational reform.
Additional file 1: of Substance use and suicidal ideation and behaviour in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review
Creators: name: Breet, Elsie
name: Goldstone, Daniel
name: Bantjes, Jason
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Appendix A. Search strategy; Appendix B. Country classification; Table S1. Quality assessment criteria; Table S2. Study quality; Table S3. Characteristics of included studies, by substance type and dimension; Appendix C. Figures to illustrate World Bank region, World Bank income group, study setting, substance type and substance use dimension, suicide dimension and study design. (DOCX 493Â kb)
Multi-Instanton Calculus in N=2 Supersymmetric Gauge Theory II: Coupling to Matter
Creators: name: Dorey, N.
name: Khoze, V. V.
name: Mattis, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We further discuss the N=2 superinstantons in SU(2) gauge theory, obtained from the general self-dual solutions of topological charge n constructed by Atiyah, Drinfeld, Hitchin and Manin (ADHM). We realize the N=2 supersymmetry algebra as actions on the superinstanton moduli. This allows us to recast in concise superfield notation our previously obtained expression for the exact classical interaction between n ADHM superinstantons mediated by the adjoint Higgs bosons, and moreover, to incorporate N_F flavors of hypermultiplets. We perform explicit 1- and 2-instanton checks of the Seiberg-Witten prepotentials for all N_F and arbitrary hypermultiplet masses. Our results for the low-energy couplings are all in precise agreement with the predictions of Seiberg and Witten except for N_F=4, where we find a finite renormalization of the coupling which is absent in the proposed solution.
description: 40 pages, uses harvmac.tex
Predictions from a flavour GUT model combined with a SUSY breaking sector
Creators: name: Antusch, Stefan
name: Hohl, Christian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss how flavour GUT models in the context of supergravity can be completed with a simple SUSY breaking sector, such that the flavour-dependent (non-universal) soft breaking terms can be calculated. As an example, we discuss a model based on an SU(5) GUT symmetry and $A_4$ family symmetry, plus additional discrete "shaping symmetries" and a $\mathbb{Z}_4^\mathrm{R}$ symmetry. We calculate the soft terms and identify the relevant high scale input parameters, and investigate the resulting predictions for the low scale observables, such as flavour violating processes, the sparticle spectrum and the dark matter relic density.
description: 24 pages, 3 figures
The ground state of a class of noncritical 1D quantum spin systems can be approximated efficiently
Creators: name: Osborne, Tobias J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study families H_n of 1D quantum spin systems, where n is the number of spins, which have a spectral gap ΔE between the ground-state and first-excited state energy that scales, asymptotically, as a constant in n. We show that if the ground state |Ω_m> of the hamiltonian H_m on m spins, where m is an O(1) constant, is locally the same as the ground state |Ω_n>, for arbitrarily large n, then an arbitrarily good approximation to the ground state of H_n can be stored efficiently for all n. We formulate a conjecture that, if true, would imply our result applies to all noncritical 1D spin systems. We also include an appendix on quasi-adiabatic evolutions.
description: 9 pages, 1 eps figure, minor changes
A computational journey in the CH2O2S land: an accurate rotational and ro-vibrational analysis of the sulfene molecule and the O,S- and O,O-monothiocarbonic acids
Creators: name: Alessandrini, S.
name: Dell'Isola, V.
name: Spada, L.
name: Barone, V.
name: Puzzarini, C.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: Biochemistry
Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Molecules containing sulfur play an important role in atmospheric chemistry, but their reactivity in such environment is far from being well characterised. Therefore, important transient species might still have to be disclosed. In this regard, this paper aims at contributing to this field by means of the computational spectroscopic characterisation of potentially relevant atmospheric species, such as the CH2O2S isomers. Based on our computational investigation, the most stable species are the carbonothionic O,S- and O,O-acids. In addition to them, the sulfene molecule has also been considered. For all these species, the equilibrium structure and the corresponding rotational constants have been accurately evaluated using a coupled-cluster-based composite approach. All the other parameters required for the simulation of the rotational and ro-vibrational spectra have been obtained by exploiting density functional theory.
Additional file 8: of Genes and functions from breast cancer signatures
Creators: name: Shujun Huang
name: Murphy, Leigh
name: Xu, Wayne
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Figure S1. Genes and function terms among signatures. A. Common genes discovered in signatures (upper panel). Gene number in more than certain number of signatures were indicated. The unique genes were counted in each portion (bottom panel). B. Common function terms enriched in signatures (upper panel). Term number in more than certain number of signatures were indicated. The unique terms were counted in each portion (bottom panel). (PDF 77 kb)
Domain Wall Fermions with Exact Chiral Symmetry
Creators: name: Edwards, R. G.
name: Heller, U. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show how the standard domain wall action can be simply modified to allow arbitrarily exact chiral symmetry at finite fifth dimensional extent. We note that the method can be used for both quenched and dynamical calculations. We test the method using smooth and thermalized gauge field configurations. We also make comparisons of the performance (cost) of the domain wall operator for spectroscopy compared to other methods such as the overlap-Dirac operator and find both methods are comparable in cost.
description: revtex, 37 pages, 11 color postscript figures
Prenatal and postnatal transfer of perfluoroalkyl substances from mothers to their offspring
Creators: name: Liu, Yingxue
name: Li, An
name: An, Qi
name: Liu, Kai
name: Zheng, Ping
name: Yin, Shanshan
name: Liu, Weiping
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: Mental Health
subject: Computational Biology

description: Perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) are anthropogenic substances of increasing concerns. Their widespread uses and strong persistence in the environment have led to inevitable exposure for humans. They accumulate in mothers and then are transferred to infants through placenta and breastfeeding, causing diverse potential health risks. Based on more than 100 articles published from 2000 to date, this review summarizes current knowledge on prenatal and postnatal transfer of PFASs from mothers to fetuses/infants. Transplacental transfer efficiencies (RCM) differ among individual PFASs, depending on the alkyl chain length, the function groups, and the branching position in the molecule, and showing enantioselectivity for chiral 1 m-PFOS. Transfer efficiency from serum to breast milk (TEBS/MS) is lower than RCM, but PFAS exposure of infants through breastfeeding in the first month was assessed to be greater than that through transplacental transfer during the entire gestation period. Based on the latest promulgated reference doses, infants would face potential health risks. To our knowledge, this is the first review on the prenatal and postnatal mother-to-offspring transfer of PFASs at congeneric, isomeric, and enantiomeric levels. It provides a better understanding of the critical environmental health issue of PFASs in fetuses and infants, which deserves greater attention throughout society.
Killing-Yano Supersymmetry in String Theory
Creators: name: De Jonghe, F.
name: Peeters, K.
name: Sfetsos, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The presence of Killing-Yano tensors implies the existence of non-standard supersymmetries in point particle theories on curved backgrounds. In a string theoretical context these are symmetries of the modes describing the particle-like behavior of the string. In the presence of isometries we show that, in addition to these, one can also define a new type of non-standard supersymmetry among a mixture of particle and winding modes. The interplay with T-duality is also examined and illustrated by explicit examples.
description: 13 pages, LaTeX
One Hundred Years of the Cosmological Constant: from 'Superfluous Stunt' to Dark Energy
Creators: name: O'Raifeartaigh, Cormac
name: O'Keeffe, Michael
name: Nahm, Werner
name: Mitton, Simon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: History and Philosophy of Physics (physics.hist-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a centennial review of the history of the term known as the cosmological constant. First introduced to the general theory of relativity by Einstein in 1917 in order to describe a universe that was assumed to be static, the term fell from favour in the wake of the discovery of the expanding universe, only to make a dramatic return in recent times. We consider historical and philosophical aspects of the cosmological constant over four main epochs: (i) the use of the term in static cosmologies (both Newtonian and relativistic); (ii) the marginalization of the term following the discovery of cosmic expansion; (iii) the use of the term to address specific cosmic puzzles such as the timespan of expansion, the formation of galaxies and the redshifts of the quasars; (iv) the re-emergence of the term in today's Lamda-CDM cosmology. We find that the cosmological constant was never truly banished from theoretical models of the universe, but was sidelined by astronomers for reasons of convenience. We also find that the return of the term to the forefront of modern cosmology did not occur as an abrupt paradigm shift due to one particular set of observations, but as the result of a number of empirical advances such as the measurement of present cosmic expansion using the Hubble Space Telescope, the measurement of past expansion using type SN 1a supernovae as standard candles, and the measurement of perturbations in the cosmic microwave background by balloon and satellite. We give a brief overview of contemporary interpretations of the physics underlying the cosmic constant and conclude with a synopsis of the famous cosmological constant problem.
description: 60 pages, 6 figures. Some corrections, additions and extra references. Accepted for publication the European Physical Journal (H)
Trajectory-based machine learning method and its application to molecular dynamics
Creators: name: Han, R.
name: Luber, S.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Computational Biology

description: Ab initio molecular dynamics (AIMD) has become a popular simulation technique but long simulation times are often hampered due to its high computational effort. Alternatively, classical molecular dynamics (MD) based on force fields may be used, which, however, has certain shortcomings compared to AIMD. In order to alleviate that situation, a trajectory-based machine learning (TrajML) approach is introduced for the construction of force fields by learning from AIMD trajectories. Only nuclear trajectories are required, which can be obtained by other methods beyond AIMD as well. We developed an easy-to-use MD machine learning package (TrajML MD) for instant modelling of the force field and system-focussed prediction of molecular configurations for MD trajectories. It consumes similar computational resources as classical MD but can simulate complex systems with a higher accuracy due to the targeted learning on the system of interest.
Data-adaptive harmonic spectra and multilayer Stuart-Landau models
Creators: name: Chekroun, Mickael D.
name: Kondrashov, Dmitri
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Spectral Theory (math.SP)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Harmonic decompositions of multivariate time series are considered for which we adopt an integral operator approach with periodic semigroup kernels. Spectral decomposition theorems are derived that cover the important cases of two-time statistics drawn from a mixing invariant measure. The corresponding eigenvalues can be grouped per Fourier frequency, and are actually given, at each frequency, as the singular values of a cross-spectral matrix depending on the data. These eigenvalues obey furthermore a variational principle that allows us to define naturally a multidimensional power spectrum. The eigenmodes, as far as they are concerned, exhibit a data-adaptive character manifested in their phase which allows us in turn to define a multidimensional phase spectrum. The resulting data-adaptive harmonic (DAH) modes allow for reducing the data-driven modeling effort to elemental models stacked per frequency, only coupled at different frequencies by the same noise realization. In particular, the DAH decomposition extracts time-dependent coefficients stacked by Fourier frequency which can be efficiently modeled---provided the decay of temporal correlations is sufficiently well-resolved---within a class of multilayer stochastic models (MSMs) tailored here on stochastic Stuart-Landau oscillators. Applications to the Lorenz 96 model and to a stochastic heat equation driven by a space-time white noise, are considered. In both cases, the DAH decomposition allows for an extraction of spatio-temporal modes revealing key features of the dynamics in the embedded phase space. The multilayer Stuart-Landau models (MSLMs) are shown to successfully model the typical patterns of the corresponding time-evolving fields, as well as their statistics of occurrence.
description: 26 pages, double columns; 15 figures
Theoretical analysis of the implementation of a quantum phase gate with neutral atoms on atom chips
Creators: name: Charron, E.
name: Cirone, M. A.
name: Negretti, A.
name: Schmiedmayer, J.
name: Calarco, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a detailed, realistic analysis of the implementation of a proposal for a quantum phase gate based on atomic vibrational states, specializing it to neutral rubidium atoms on atom chips. We show how to create a double--well potential with static currents on the atom chips, using for all relevant parameters values that are achieved with present technology. The potential barrier between the two wells can be modified by varying the currents in order to realize a quantum phase gate for qubit states encoded in the atomic external degree of freedom. The gate performance is analyzed through numerical simulations; the operation time is ~10 ms with a performance fidelity above 99.9%. For storage of the state between the operations the qubit state can be transferred efficiently via Raman transitions to two hyperfine states, where its decoherence is strongly inhibited. In addition we discuss the limits imposed by the proximity of the surface to the gate fidelity.
description: 9 pages, 5 color figures
MOESM6 of Accurate and easy method for systemin quantification and examining metabolic changes under different endogenous levels
Creators: name: Victoria Pastor
name: Sánchez-Bel, Paloma
name: Gamir, Jordi
name: Pozo, María
name: Flors, Víctor
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 6: Table S3. Tentative identification of lignans accumulated by exogenous SYS. Tentative candidates for lignans accumulated after two days of SYS application at 10 nM of final concentration applied in roots, in ESI (−). Identification and pathway assignments were done using the MarVis 2.0 software and an internal library (level 3 of identification [43]).
An alternative to domain wall fermions
Creators: name: Narayanan, R.
name: Neuberger, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We define a sparse hermitian lattice Dirac matrix, $H$, coupling $2n+1$ Dirac fermions. When $2n$ fermions are integrated out the induced action for the last fermion is a rational approximation to the hermitian overlap Dirac operator. We provide rigorous bounds on the condition number of $H$ and compare them to bounds for the higher dimensional Dirac operator of domain wall fermions. Our main conclusion is that overlap fermions should be taken seriously as a practical alternative to domain wall fermions in the context of numerical QCD.
description: Revtex Latex, 26 pages, 1 figure, a few minor changes
Treating spin-orbit coupling at different levels in equation-of-motion coupled-cluster calculations
Creators: name: Guo, Minggang
name: Wang, Zhifan
name: Wang, Fan
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: Spin–orbit coupling (SOC) in EOM-CCSD calculations can be treated in SCF step (SOC-EOM-CCSD), in both the CCSD and EOM steps (EOM-CCSD(SOC)), only in the EOM step (EOM(SOC)-CCSD) or perturbatively (pSOC-EOM-CCSD). In this work, we report implementation of pSOC-EOM-CCSD based on the EOM(SOC)-CCSD program by directly calculating the SOC matrix between two states without using the transition density matrix. Computational cost of pSOC-EOM-CCSD can be further reduced particularly for excited states by using only the r-amplitudes (rpSOC-EOM-CCSD). Accuracy of EOM-CCSD(SOC) is evaluated by comparing its results with those of SOC-EOM-CCSD for heavy and superheavy elements. Highly accurate results are obtained with EOM-CCSD(SOC) for elements up to the sixth-row, and reasonable results are achieved for superheavy elements when contribution of the 7p1/2 spinor to the involved occupied orbitals is insignificant. Performance of EOM(SOC)-CCSD, and (r)pSOC-EOM-CCSD is investigated by comparing their results with those of EOM-CCSD(SOC). According to our results, EOM(SOC)-CCSD is not necessarily more accurate than the perturbative methods and should not be used. Difference between rpSOC-EOM-CCSD and pSOC-EOM-CCSD is small and rpSOC-EOM-CCSD is an economical and reliable method in treating SOC effects particularly for excited states for systems containing elements up to the fifth row.
Saturation properties of helium drops from a Leading Order description
Creators: name: Kievsky, A.
name: Polls, A.
name: Juliá-Díaz, B.
name: Timofeyuk, N. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Saturation properties are directly linked to the short-range scale of the two-body interaction of the particles. The case of helium is particular, from one hand the two-body potential has a strong repulsion at short distances. On the other hand, the extremely weak binding of the helium dimer locates this system very close to the unitary limit allowing for a description based on an effective theory. At leading order of this theory a two- and a three-body term appear, each one characterized by a low energy constant. In a potential model this description corresponds to a soft potential model with a two-body term purely attractive plus a three-body term purely repulsive constructed to describe the dimer and trimer binding energies. Here we analyse the capability of this model to describe the saturation properties making a direct link between the low energy scale and the short-range correlations. We will show that the energy per particle, $E_N/N$, can be obtained with reasonable accuracy at leading order extending the validity of this approximation, characterizing universal behavior in few-boson systems close to the unitary limit, to the many-body system.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures
Colour-dressed hexagon tessellations for correlation functions and non-planar corrections
Creators: name: Eden, Burkhard
name: Jiang, Yunfeng
name: Plat, Dennis le
name: Sfondrini, Alessandro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We continue the study of four-point correlation functions by the hexagon tessellation approach initiated in 1611.05436 and 1611.05577. We consider planar tree-level correlation functions in $\mathcal{N} = 4$ supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory involving two non-protected operators. We find that, in order to reproduce the field theory result, it is necessary to include $SU(N)$ colour factors in the hexagon formalism; moreover, we find that the hexagon approach as it stands is naturally tailored to the single-trace part of correlation functions, and does not account for multi-trace admixtures. We discuss how to compute correlators involving double-trace operators, as well as more general $1/N$ effects; in particular we compute the whole next-to-leading order in the large-$N$ expansion of tree-level BMN two-point functions by tessellating a torus with punctures. Finally, we turn to the issue of "wrapping", Lüscher-like corrections. We show that $SU(N)$ colour-dressing reproduces an earlier empirical rule for incorporating single-magnon wrapping, and we provide a direct interpretation of such wrapping processes in terms of $\mathcal{N}=2$ supersymmetric Feynman diagrams.
description: 42 pages, typos corrected
Flow equations in generalized braneworld scenarios
Creators: name: Calcagni, Gianluca
name: Liddle, Andrew R.
name: Ramirez, Erandy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the flow equations in the context of general braneworld cosmologies with a modified Friedmann equation, for either an ordinary scalar field or a Dirac-Born-Infeld tachyon as inflaton candidates. The 4D, Randall-Sundrum, and Gauss-Bonnet cases are compared, using the patch formalism which provides a unified description of these models. The inflationary dynamics is described by a tower of flow parameters that can be evolved in time to select a particular subset of points in the space of cosmological observables. We analyze the stability of the fixed points in all the cosmologies (our results in the 4D case already extending those in the literature). Numerical integration of the flow equations shows that the predictions of the Gauss-Bonnet braneworld differ significantly as compared to the Randall-Sundrum and 4D scenarios, whereas tachyon inflation gives tensor perturbations smaller than those in the presence of a normal scalar field. These results are extended to the realization of a noncommutative space-time preserving maximal symmetry. In this case the tensor-to-scalar signal is unchanged, while blue-tilted spectra are favoured.
description: 10 pages RevTeX4 with 3 figures included. Matches published version. Note change of title from original submission
M3.4 Defining PID Practices in FAIR data management
Creators: name: Nordling, Josefine
name: Juty, Navtej
name: Goble, Carole
name: Soiland-Reyes, Stian
name: Granger, Sabrina
name: Ramezani, Parham
name: L'Hours, Hervé
name: Neto, Renato Juacaba
name: Sennesal, Francois-Xavier
name: Mancarella, Fulvio
name: Matthews, Brian
name: Gonzalez-Beltran, Alejandra
name: Newbold, Elizabeth
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: FAIR-IMPACT
Persistent identifiers

description: Taking PIDs into use is not a very cumbersome nor difficult task in itself, however, applying good practices for PID implementation e.g. for a particular workflow or when working with a particular type of data, is not a self-evident task and is in need of further well-tested documentation. This milestone report highlights a first set of descriptions on good practices for implementing PIDs in FAIR data management, as well as plans for the immediate future, as defined by eight use case partners representing different scientific disciplines. The documentation on best practices around PID minting practices is defined for different types of datasets, workflows and research objects, leading to more exact data citation and a broader and more targeted use of PIDs. The PID practices will be explored from the viewpoint of PIDs in data production workflows, PIDs in complex data citation and PIDs for sensitive data. Advancing machine-actionability, scientific reproducibility and research object type definitions when managing PIDs are also within the scope of this work and will provide a nuanced discussion on best practice implementation of PIDs. The lessons learned from this work will be translated across research domains to serve the broader research community and ultimately foster harmonised PID practices.
Business models for prosumers in Europe
Creators: name: Hall, S.
name: Brown, D.
name: Davis, M.
name: Ehrtmann, M.
name: Holstenkamp, L.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: prosumers
business models
PROSEU
collective prosumerism
archetypes

description: This report explores the different business models being adopted to enable renewable energy generation and self-consumption in the European Union. Individuals, businesses and energy communities that install renewable energy generation and self-consume some of that generation are called ‘prosumers’. Prosumers may be householders, businesses or communities whose primary business is not energy generation. The price of installing on-site renewables is falling, which means homes and businesses can increasingly afford the up-front cost of installing a system. At the same time, governments are removing the subsidies formerly paid to prosumers for feeding renewable energy into the grid. In parallel, energy systems are getting smarter, so it is becoming easier to account for smaller and smaller amounts of energy and to trade them between smaller players in the energy market; even down to household to household trades. The recent Clean Energy Package (CEP) for All Europeans enshrines the rights of European citizens to become individual and/or collective prosumers. Collective prosumers are defined in the Clean Energy Package by two new types of organisation; Renewable Energy Communities and Citizen Energy Communities who are empowered to generate, use and to sell energy collectively, between themselves. How these Renewable Energy Communities (RECs) and Citizen Energy Communities (CECs) are established in each Member State (MS) is a matter for each MS’s energy policy and regulation. This report explores why these RECs and CECs are necessary, what kinds of value they might be trying to capture in the energy transition, and how they can be empowered through MS’ energy policy and regulation. To do this we investigated the business models being adopted by individual and collective prosumers.
description: H2020 project PROSEU - Prosumers for the Energy Union: Mainstreaming active participation of citizens in the energy transition. Deliverable 4.1
Conclusive determination of ethynyl radical hydrogen abstraction energetics and kinetics*
Creators: name: Bowman, Michael C.
name: Burke, Alexandra D.
name: Turney, Justin M.
name: Schaefer, Henry F.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Mental Health
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Virology

description: The ethynyl radical (C2H) is ubiquitous, appearing in a variety of environments from interstellar space to oxy-acetylene flames. Under these diverse conditions, ethynyl has a high affinity to abstract hydrogen atoms from nearby molecules. In this study, C2H+HX→C2H2+X, X=CH3, NH2, OH, F, PH2, SH, Cl, C2H, CN, and NC reactions have been examined at a rigorously high level of theory. Various additive corrections have been appended to the coupled-cluster framework to converge the relative enthalpy of stationary points on the C2H + HX surfaces to subchemical accuracy (≤0.5 kcal mol−1). The barriers for the abstraction of a hydrogen from NH3, PH3, and H2S are submerged below the relative enthalpy of their reactant asymptotes by 2.75, 2.48, and 1.39 kcal mol−1, respectively. Abstractions from H2, CH4, H2O, and HCl are predicted to have moderate barriers to the abstraction of 2.64, 0.77, 3.82, and 2.19 kcal mol−1, respectively, suggesting these reactions will be significant to various systems at moderate to high temperatures. Accurate kinetics were obtained for the C2H+H2, CH4, NH3, and H2O reactions over a wide range of temperatures with excellent agreement to present experimental rate constants.
Additional file 2: of Delineation of the genetic and clinical spectrum of Phelan-McDermid syndrome caused by SHANK3 point mutations
Creators: name: Rubeis, Silvia De
name: Siper, Paige
name: Durkin, Allison
name: Weissman, Jordana
name: FranĂ§Ois Muratet
name: Halpern, Danielle
name: Trelles, Maria
name: Frank, Yitzchak
name: Reymundo Lozano
name: A. Wang
name: J. Holder
name: Betancur, Catalina
name: Buxbaum, Joseph
name: Kolevzon, Alexander
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Hematology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Table S5. Descriptive and diagnostic data by patient. Table S6. ASD and intellectual ability classifications in individuals with SHANK3 mutations. Table S7. Language and motor functioning in individuals with SHANK3 mutations. (PDF 132Â kb)
Investigation of Continuous-Time Quantum Walk Via Modules of Bose-Mesner and Terwilliger Algebras
Creators: name: Jafarizadeh, M. A.
name: Salimi, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The continuous-time quantum walk on the underlying graphs of association schemes have been studied, via the algebraic combinatorics structures of association schemes, namely semi-simple modules of their Bose-Mesner and (reference state dependent) Terwilliger algebras. By choosing the (walk) starting site as a reference state, the Terwilliger algebra connected with this choice turns the graph into the metric space, hence stratifies the graph into a (d+1) disjoint union of strata, where the amplitudes of observing the continuous-time quantum walk on all sites belonging to a given stratum are the same. In graphs of association schemes with known spectrum, the transition amplitudes and average probabilities are given in terms of dual eigenvalues of association schemes. As most of association schemes arise from finite groups, hence the continuous-time walk on generic group association schemes have been studied in great details, where the transition amplitudes are given in terms of characters of groups. Further investigated examples are the walk on graphs of association schemes of symmetric $S_n$, Dihedral $D_{2m}$ and cyclic groups. Also, following Ref.\cite{js}, the spectral distributions connected to the highest irreducible representations of Terwilliger algebras of some rather important graphs, namely distance regular graphs, have been presented. Then using spectral distribution, the amplitudes of continuous-time quantum walk on graphs such as cycle graph $C_n$, Johnson and normal subgroup graphs have been evaluated. {\bf Keywords: Continuous-time quantum walk, Association scheme, Bose-Mesner algebra, Terwilliger algebra, Spectral distribution, Distance regular graph.} {\bf PACs Index: 03.65.Ud}
description: 44 pages, 4 figures
Perturbative renormalization of the first two moments of non-singlet quark distributions with overlap fermions
Creators: name: Capitani, Stefano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using the overlap-Dirac operator proposed by Neuberger, we have computed in lattice QCD the one-loop renormalization factors of ten operators which measure the lowest two moments of unpolarized and polarized non-singlet quark distributions. These factors are necessary to extract physical numbers from Monte Carlo simulations made with overlap fermions. An exact chiral symmetry is maintained in all our results, and the renormalization constants of corresponding unpolarized and polarized operators which differ by a $γ_5$ matrix have the same value. We have considered two lattice representations for each continuum operator. The computations have been carried out using the symbolic language FORM, in a general covariant gauge. In some simple cases they have also been checked by hand.
description: 23 pages, 1 Postscript figure, uses elsevier style. Small corrections made in eqs. (6), (7), (13), (15), (17), (19), (20), (21) and (A.8), with no influence on the results
Quantum Topological Invariants, Gravitational Instantons and the Topological Embedding
Creators: name: Anselmi, Damiano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Certain topological invariants of the moduli space of gravitational instantons are defined and studied. Several amplitudes of two and four dimensional topological gravity are computed. A notion of puncture in four dimensions, that is particularly meaningful in the class of Weyl instantons, is introduced. The topological embedding, a theoretical framework for constructing physical amplitudes that are well-defined order by order in perturbation theory around instantons, is explicitly applied to the computation of the correlation functions of Dirac fermions in a punctured gravitational background, as well as to the most general QED and QCD amplitude. Various alternatives are worked out, discussed and compared. The quantum background affects the propagation by generating a certain effective ``quantum'' metric. The topological embedding could represent a new chapter of quantum field theory.
description: LaTeX, 18 pages, no figure