cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Kinks in massive non-linear ${\mathbb S}^1\times{\mathbb S}^1$-Sigma models
Creators: name: Alonso-Izquierdo, A.
name: Sebastian, A. J. Balseyro
name: Guilarte, J. Mateos
name: Leon, M. A. Gonzalez
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper the whole kink varieties arising in several massive non-linear Sigma models whose target space is the torus ${\mathbb S}^1\times{\mathbb S}^1$ are analytically calculated. This possibility underlies the construction of first-order differential equations by adapting the Bogomolny procedure to non-Euclidean spaces. Among the families of solutions non-topological kinks connecting the same vacuum are found. This class of solutions are usually considered to be not globally stable. However, in this context the topological constraints obtained by the non-simply connectedness of the target space turn these non-topological kinks into globally stable solutions. The analytical resolution of the equations allows the complete study of the linear stability for some basic kinks.
description: 22 pages, 6 figures
Hieracium tephropogon Zahn, Syn. Deut.
Creators: name: Peruzzi, Lorenzo
name: Galasso, Gabriele
name: Domina, Gianniantonio
name: Bartolucci, Fabrizio
name: Santangelo, Annalisa
name: Alessandrini, Alessandro
name: Astuti, Giovanni
name: D'Antraccoli, Marco
name: Roma-Marzio, Francesco
name: Ardenghi, Nicola M. G.
name: Barberis, Giuseppina
name: Conti, Fabio
name: Bernardo, Liliana
name: Peccenini, Simonetta
name: Stinca, Adriano
name: Wagensommer, Robert P.
name: Bonari, Gianmaria
name: Iamonico, Duilio
name: Iberite, Mauro
name: Viciani, Daniele
name: Guacchio, Emanuele Del
name: Galdo, Gianpietro Giusso Del
name: Lastrucci, Lorenzo
name: Villani, Mariacristina
name: Brunu, Antonello
name: Magrini, Sara
name: Pistarino, Annalaura
name: Brullo, Salvatore
name: Salmeri, Cristina
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Asterales
Asteraceae
Hieracium
Hieracium tephropogon

description: Hieracium tephropogon Zahn, Syn. Deut. Schweiz. Fl., ed. 3 2(12): 1820. 1901. [September 1901]
 Ind. Loc.:—“1. Pseudo-tridentinum. Trient: Mte Celva! (Evers). 2. subintermedium. Monte Celva! β) trichophyllum. Ob Sevignano am Mte Serva! Von Aufserdorder auch im Pusterthal (wo?) gesehen”. TAA
 Type:—Not designated.
 Compiled by:—D. Viciani
description: Published as part of Peruzzi, Lorenzo, Galasso, Gabriele, Domina, Gianniantonio, Bartolucci, Fabrizio, Santangelo, Annalisa, Alessandrini, Alessandro, Astuti, Giovanni, D'Antraccoli, Marco, Roma-Marzio, Francesco, Ardenghi, Nicola M. G., Barberis, Giuseppina, Conti, Fabio, Bernardo, Liliana, Peccenini, Simonetta, Stinca, Adriano, Wagensommer, Robert P., Bonari, Gianmaria, Iamonico, Duilio, Iberite, Mauro, Viciani, Daniele, Guacchio, Emanuele Del, Galdo, Gianpietro Giusso Del, Lastrucci, Lorenzo, Villani, Mariacristina, Brunu, Antonello, Magrini, Sara, Pistarino, Annalaura, Brullo, Salvatore & Salmeri, Cristina, 2019, An inventory of the names of native, non-endemic vascular plants described from Italy, their loci classici and types, pp. 1-215 in Phytotaxa 410 (1) on page 89, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.410.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/13716045
Cryptocurrency Giveaway Scam with YouTube Live Stream
Creators: name: Vakilinia, Iman
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper investigates the cryptocurrency giveaway scam with the YouTube live stream carried out on 5/15/2022 and 5/16/2022. In this scam scheme, the scammer plays a recorded video of a famous person in a YouTube live stream annotated with a cryptocurrency giveaway announcement. In the annotated announcement, the victims are directed to the scammer's webpage. The scammer's webpage is designed intelligently to deceive victims such that they believe the legitimacy of the giveaway. The scammer claims that whatever donation the victim sends to a cryptocurrency wallet address, the giveaway scheme will double the donated amount and immediately send it back to the victim. By analyzing the scammers' wallet addresses, it can be seen that scammers could steal a significant amount of money in a short time. After analyzing the attackers' techniques, tactics, and procedures, this paper discusses the countermeasures that can be applied to mitigate such a fraudulent activity in the future.
Bias in Machine Learning Models Can Be Significantly Mitigated by Careful Training: Evidence from Neuroimaging Studies
Creators: name: Wang, Rongguang
name: Chaudhari, Pratik
name: Davatzikos, Christos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Despite the great promise that machine learning has offered in many fields of medicine, it has also raised concerns about potential biases and poor generalization across genders, age distributions, races and ethnicities, hospitals, and data acquisition equipment and protocols. In the current study, and in the context of three brain diseases, we provide evidence which suggests that when properly trained, machine learning models can generalize well across diverse conditions and do not necessarily suffer from bias. Specifically, by using multi-study magnetic resonance imaging consortia for diagnosing Alzheimer's disease, schizophrenia, and autism spectrum disorder, we find that well-trained models have a high area-under-the-curve (AUC) on subjects across different subgroups pertaining to attributes such as gender, age, racial groups, and different clinical studies and are unbiased under multiple fairness metrics such as demographic parity difference, equalized odds difference, equal opportunity difference etc. We find that models that incorporate multi-source data from demographic, clinical, genetic factors and cognitive scores are also unbiased. These models have better predictive AUC across subgroups than those trained only with imaging features but there are also situations when these additional features do not help.
Haptic Shared Control Improves Neural Efficiency During Myoelectric Prosthesis Use
Creators: name: Thomas, Neha
name: Miller, Alexandra J.
name: Ayaz, Hasan
name: Brown, Jeremy D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Clinical myoelectric prostheses lack the sensory feedback and sufficient dexterity required to complete activities of daily living efficiently and accurately. Providing haptic feedback of relevant environmental cues to the user or imbuing the prosthesis with autonomous control authority have been separately shown to improve prosthesis utility. Few studies, however, have investigated the effect of combining these two approaches in a shared control paradigm, and none have evaluated such an approach from the perspective of neural efficiency (the relationship between task performance and mental effort measured directly from the brain). In this work, we analyzed the neural efficiency of 30 non-amputee participants in a grasp-and-lift task of a brittle object. Here, a myoelectric prosthesis featuring vibrotactile feedback of grip force and autonomous control of grasping was compared with a standard myoelectric prosthesis with and without vibrotactile feedback. As a measure of mental effort, we captured the prefrontal cortex activity changes using functional near infrared spectroscopy during the experiment. Results showed that only the haptic shared control system enabled users to achieve high neural efficiency, and that vibrotactile feedback was important for grasping with the appropriate grip force. These results indicate that the haptic shared control system synergistically combines the benefits of haptic feedback and autonomous controllers, and is well-poised to inform such hybrid advancements in myoelectric prosthesis technology.
Hypericum annulatum Moris, Stirp. Sard. Elench.
Creators: name: Peruzzi, Lorenzo
name: Galasso, Gabriele
name: Domina, Gianniantonio
name: Bartolucci, Fabrizio
name: Santangelo, Annalisa
name: Alessandrini, Alessandro
name: Astuti, Giovanni
name: D'Antraccoli, Marco
name: Roma-Marzio, Francesco
name: Ardenghi, Nicola M. G.
name: Barberis, Giuseppina
name: Conti, Fabio
name: Bernardo, Liliana
name: Peccenini, Simonetta
name: Stinca, Adriano
name: Wagensommer, Robert P.
name: Bonari, Gianmaria
name: Iamonico, Duilio
name: Iberite, Mauro
name: Viciani, Daniele
name: Guacchio, Emanuele Del
name: Galdo, Gianpietro Giusso Del
name: Lastrucci, Lorenzo
name: Villani, Mariacristina
name: Brunu, Antonello
name: Magrini, Sara
name: Pistarino, Annalaura
name: Brullo, Salvatore
name: Salmeri, Cristina
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Malpighiales
Hypericaceae
Hypericum
Hypericum annulatum

description: Hypericum annulatum Moris, Stirp. Sard. Elench. 1: 9(–10). 1827. [April or later 1827]
 Ind. Loc.:—“Monte S. Vittoria Esterzili”. SAR
 Type:—Not designated.
 Compiled by:— G. Vacca
description: Published as part of Peruzzi, Lorenzo, Galasso, Gabriele, Domina, Gianniantonio, Bartolucci, Fabrizio, Santangelo, Annalisa, Alessandrini, Alessandro, Astuti, Giovanni, D'Antraccoli, Marco, Roma-Marzio, Francesco, Ardenghi, Nicola M. G., Barberis, Giuseppina, Conti, Fabio, Bernardo, Liliana, Peccenini, Simonetta, Stinca, Adriano, Wagensommer, Robert P., Bonari, Gianmaria, Iamonico, Duilio, Iberite, Mauro, Viciani, Daniele, Guacchio, Emanuele Del, Galdo, Gianpietro Giusso Del, Lastrucci, Lorenzo, Villani, Mariacristina, Brunu, Antonello, Magrini, Sara, Pistarino, Annalaura, Brullo, Salvatore & Salmeri, Cristina, 2019, An inventory of the names of native, non-endemic vascular plants described from Italy, their loci classici and types, pp. 1-215 in Phytotaxa 410 (1) on page 91, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.410.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/13716045
Epidemiology of Skin Infections in Men's Wrestling: Analysis of 2009–2010 Through 2013–2014 National Collegiate Athletic Association Surveillance Data
Creators: name: Herzog, Mackenzie M.
name: Fraser, Melissa A.
name: Kerr, Zachary Y.
name: Register-Mihalik, Johna K.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: CONTEXT: Our knowledge of the current epidemiology of skin infections among wrestlers is limited.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze and report the epidemiology of skin infections among National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) men's wrestling student-athletes during the 2009-2010 through 2013-2014 academic years.

DESIGN: Descriptive epidemiology study.

SETTING: Aggregate skin infection and exposure data collected by the NCAA Injury Surveillance Program.

PATIENTS OR OTHER PARTICIPANTS: Collegiate men's wrestling student-athletes.

MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): All viral, bacterial, or fungal skin infections reported by athletic trainers at 17 NCAA programs were analyzed, providing 35 team-seasons of data. Skin infection rates per 10 000 athlete-exposures (AEs), rate ratios, skin infection proportions, and skin infection proportion ratios were calculated.

RESULTS: The athletic trainers reported 112 skin infections contracted by 87 student-athletes across 78 720 AEs. The overall skin infection rate was 14.23/10 000 AEs (95% confidence interval [CI] = 11.59, 16.86). Of the skin infections identified, 22.3% (n = 25) were recurrent skin infections. Most skin infections (65.2%) were attributable to 5 team-seasons (range, 11-19 infections). Most skin infections occurred during the regular season (n = 76, 67.9%), were identified during practice (n = 100, 89.3%), and resulted in ≥24 hours' time loss (n = 83, 74.1%). The rate for viral skin infections was 1.72 times the rate for bacterial skin infections (95% CI = 1.09, 2.72) and 2.08 times the rate for fungal skin infections (95% CI = 1.28, 3.39). Fungal skin infections more often resulted in time loss <24 hours compared with all other skin infections (75.0% versus 12.5%; infection proportion ratio = 6.00; 95% CI = 3.30, 10.92).

CONCLUSIONS: Our findings highlight the contagiousness of skin infections and suggest that skin infection rates may be attributable to high incidences among particular teams.
Epidemiology of Sport-Related Concussions in High School Athletes: National Athletic Treatment, Injury and Outcomes Network (NATION), 2011–2012 Through 2013–2014
Creators: name: Broglio, Steven P.
name: Dalton, Sara L.
name: Dompier, Thomas P.
name: Kerr, Zachary Y.
name: O'Connor, Kathryn L.
name: Baker, Melissa M.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: Sports participation is one of the leading causes of concussions among nearly 8 million US high school student-athletes.
16 years of Ulysses Interstellar Dust Measurements in the Solar System: II. Fluctuations in the Dust Flow from the Data
Creators: name: Strub, Peter
name: Krüger, Harald
name: Sterken, Veerle J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Ulysses spacecraft provided the first opportunity to identify and study Interstellar Dust (ISD) in-situ in the Solar System between 1992 and 2007. Here we present the first comprehensive analysis of the ISD component in the entire Ulysses dust data set. We analysed several parameters of the ISD flow in a time-resolved fashion: flux, flow direction, mass index, and flow width. The general picture is in agreement with a time-dependent focussing/defocussing of the charged dust particles due to long-term variations of the solar magnetic field throughout a solar magnetic cycle of 22 years. In addition, we confirm a shift in dust direction of $50^{\circ} \pm 7^{\circ}$ in 2005, along with a steep, size-dependent increase in flux by a factor of 4 within 8 months. To date, this is difficult to interpret and has to be examined in more detail by new dynamical simulations. This work is part of a series of three papers. This paper concentrates on the time-dependent flux and direction of the ISD. In a companion paper (Krüger et al., 2015) we analyse the overall mass distribution of the ISD measured by Ulysses, and a third paper discusses the results of modelling the flow of the ISD as seen by Ulysses (Sterken et al., 2015).
description: 41 pages, 10 figures, 5 tables
"trijet_statcov.tar.gz" of "Measurement of three-jet production cross-sections in pp collisions at 7 TeV centre-of-mass energy using the ATLAS detector"
Creators: name: ATLAS Collaboration
Publisher: name: HEPData
Year: 2016

description: Statistical covariance matrices for data
description: CERN-LHC. Double-differential three-jet cross-sections have been measured in proton-proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of sqrt(s)=7 TeV using the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider. The measurements are presented as functions of the three-jet invariant mass (m_jjj) and the sum of absolute rapidity separations between the three leading jets (|Y*|). Invariant masses extending up to 5 TeV are reached for 8<|Y*|<10. These measurements use the sample of proton-proton collision data recorded using the ATLAS detector in 2011, which corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 4.51 fb^-1. Jets are identified using the anti-kt algorithm with two different jet radius parameters, R=0.4 and R=0.6. The dominant uncertainty in this measurement comes from the jet energy scale. Next-to-leading-order QCD calculations corrected to account for non-perturbative effects are compared to the measurements. Good agreement is found between the data and the theoretical predictions based on most of the available sets of parton distribution functions, over the full kinematic range, covering almost seven orders of magnitude in the measured cross-section values. The higher precision statistical uncertainties with respect to tables in the paper are represented. 10000 pseudo-experiments were used. In the attachment, there is a tarball containing statistical covariance matrices for data. In the attachment, there is also a tarball containing 10000 pseudo-experiments obtained by fluctuating data in a way described in the reference paper (the bootstrap method). The replicas can be used to study correlations among different ATLAS measurements. In the attachment, there is also a tarball containing tables with non-perturbative corrections.
Evaluation of Nintendo Wii Balance Board as a Tool for Measuring Postural Stability After Sport-Related Concussion
Creators: name: Clark, Ross A.
name: Merchant-Borna, Kian
name: Wasserman, Erin B.
name: Bazarian, Jeffrey J.
name: Janigro, Mattia
name: Jones, Courtney Marie Cora
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: Recent changes to postconcussion guidelines indicate that postural-stability assessment may augment traditional neurocognitive testing when making return-to-participation decisions. The Balance Error Scoring System (BESS) has been proposed as 1 measure of balance assessment. A new, freely available software program to accompany the Nintendo Wii Balance Board (WBB) system has recently been developed but has not been tested in concussed patients.
EVN monitoring of the polarized H2O maser emission around the massive protostars W75N(B)-VLA 1 and W75N(B)-VLA 2
Creators: name: Surcis, Gabriele
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Several radio sources have been detected in the high-mass star-forming region W75N(B), among them the massive young stellar objects (YSOs) VLA 1 and VLA 2 are of great interest. These are thought to be in different evolutionary stages. In particular, VLA 1 is at the early stage of the photoionization and it is driving a thermal radio jet, while VLA 2 is a thermal, collimated ionized wind surrounded by a dusty disk or envelope. In both sources 22 GHz water masers have been detected in the past. Those around VLA 1 show a persistent linear distribution along the thermal radio jet and those around VLA 2 have instead traced the evolution from a non-collimated to a collimated outflow over a period of ∼20 years. We further monitored the polarized emission of the 22 GHz H2O masers around both VLA 1 and VLA 2 over a period of six years with the European VLBI Network (EVN), including the Medicina radio telescope, for a total of four epochs separated by two years from 2014 to 2020. I will present the results of our monitoring project by focusing on the evolution of the maser distribution and of the magnetic field around the two massive YSOs.
Fiber buckling in confined viscous flows: an absolute instability described by the Ginzburg-Landau equation
Creators: name: Cappello, Jean
name: Roure, Olivia du
name: Gallaire, François
name: Duprat, Camille
name: Lindner, Anke
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore the dynamics of a flexible fiber transported by a viscous flow in a Hele-Shaw cell of height comparable to the fiber height. We show that long fibers aligned with the flow experience a buckling instability. Competition between viscous and elastic forces leads to the deformation of the fiber into a wavy shape convolved by a Bell-shaped envelope. We characterize the wavelength and phase velocity of the deformation as well as the growth and spreading of the envelope. Our study of the spatio-temporal evolution of the deformation reveals a linear and absolute instability arising from a local mechanism well described by the Ginzburg-Landau equation.
Energy dynamics, heat production and heat-work conversion with qubits: towards the development of quantum machines
Creators: name: Arrachea, Liliana
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an overview of recent advances in the study of energy dynamics and mechanisms for energy conversion in qubit systems with special focus on realizations in superconducting quantum circuits. We briefly introduce the relevant theoretical framework to analyze heat generation, energy transport and energy conversion in these systems with and without time-dependent driving considering the effect of equilibrium and non-equilibrium environments. We analyze specific problems and mechanisms under current investigation in the context of qubit systems. These include the problem of energy dissipation and possible routes for its control, energy pumping between driving sources and heat pumping between reservoirs, implementation of thermal machines and mechanisms for energy storage. We highlight the underlying fundamental phenomena related to geometrical and topological properties, as well as many-body correlations. We also present an overview of recent experimental activity in this field.
description: Review article
Normality of I-V Measurements Using ML
Creators: name: Al-Najjar, Anees
name: Rao, Nageswara S. V.
name: Bridges, Craig A.
name: Dai, Sheng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Emerging Technologies (cs.ET)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Electrochemistry ecosystems are promising for accelerating the design and discovery of electrochemical systems for energy storage and conversion, by automating significant parts of workflows that combine synthesis and characterization experiments with computations. They require the integration of flow controllers, solvent containers, pumps, fraction collectors, and potentiostats, all connected to an electrochemical cell. These are specialized instruments with custom software that is not originally designed for network integration. We developed network and software solutions for electrochemical workflows that adapt system and instrument settings in real-time for multiple rounds of experiments. We demonstrate this automated workflow by remotely operating the instruments and collecting their measurements to generate a voltammogram (I-V profile) of an electrolyte solution in an electrochemical cell. These measurements are made available at the remote computing system and used for subsequent analysis. In this paper, we focus on a novel, analytically validated machine learning (ML) method for an electrochemistry ecosystem to ensure that I-V measurements are consistent with the normal experimental conditions, and to detect abnormal conditions, such as disconnected electrodes or low cell content volume.
description: published at eScience 2023
The mean-field dividing interface is united with the Widom line
Creators: name: Liu, Hongqin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We define a mean-field crossover generated by the Maxwell construction as the dividing interface for the vapor-liquid interface area and a highly accurate density-profile equation is thus derived. By using a mean-field equation of sate for the Lennard-Jones fluid incorporated with the density gradient theory, we show that the intrinsic free energy peaks and the isobaric heat capacity exhibits local maxima at the interface. We demonstrate that the mean-field interface is the natural extension of the Widom line into the coexistence region, hence the entire space is coherently divided into liquid-like and gas-like regions in all three (temperature-pressure-volume) planes. Finally, the mean-field theory is found holding all the information for composing the phase diagrams over the entire phase space.
description: 8 Pages, 5 Figures. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:2110.07838
Direct Observation of Antiferromagnetic Parity Violation in the Electronic Structure of Mn$_2$Au
Creators: name: Fedchenko, Olena
name: Smejkal, Libor
name: Kallmayer, Michael
name: Lytvynenko, Yarina
name: Medjanik, Katerina
name: Babenkov, Sergey
name: Vasilyev, Dmitry
name: Klaeui, Matthias
name: Demsar, Jure
name: Schoenhense, Gerd
name: Jourdan, Martin
name: Sinova, Jairo
name: Elmers, Hans-Joachim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Parity symmetric photoemission spectra are ubiquitous in solid state research, being prevalent in many highly active areas, such as unconventional superconductors, nonmagnetic and antiferromagnetic topological insulators, and weakly relativistic collinear magnets, among others. The direct observation of parity-violating metallic Kramers degenerate bands has remained hitherto experimentally elusive. Here we observe the antiferromagnetic parity violation (APV) in the bandstructure of Mn$_2$Au thin films by using momentum microscopy with sub-$mu$m spatial resolution, allowing momentum resolved photoemission on single antiferromagnetic domains. The APV arises from breaking the P symmetry of the underlying crystal structure by the collinear antiferromagnetism, while preserving the joint space-time inverison PT -symmetry and in combination with large spin-orbit coupling. In addition, our work also demonstrates a novel tool to directly image the Neel vector direction by combining spatially resolved momentum microscopy with ab-initio calculations.
Estimating the bias of CX gates via character randomized benchmarking
Creators: name: Claes, Jahan
name: Puri, Shruti
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent work has demonstrated that high-threshold quantum error correction is possible for biased-noise qubits, provided one can implement a controlled-not (CX) gate that preserves the bias. Bias-preserving CX gates have been proposed for several biased-noise qubit platforms, most notably Kerr cats. However, experimentally measuring the noise bias is challenging as it requires accurately estimating certain low-probability Pauli errors in the presence of much larger state preparation and measurement (SPAM) errors. In this paper, we introduce bias randomized benchmarking (BRB) as a technique for measuring bias in quantum gates. BRB, like all RB protocols, is highly accurate and immune to SPAM errors. Our first protocol, CX-dihedral BRB, is a straightforward method to measure the bias of the entire CX-dihedral group. Our second protocol, interleaved bias randomized benchmarking (IBRB), is a generalization of interleaved RB tailored to the experimental constraints biased-noise qubits; this is a more involved procedure that directly targets the bias of the CX gate alone. Our BRB procedures occupy a middle ground between classic RB protocols that only estimate the average fidelity, and tomographic RB protocols that provide more detailed characterization of noise but require more measurements as well as experimental capabilities that are not necessarily available in biased-noise qubits.
description: 8 pages main text, derivations in the appendices
Photocatalytic active ZnO$_{1-x}$S$_x$@CNTs heteronanostructures
Creators: name: Bjelajac, Andjelika
name: Florea, Ileana
name: Zamfir, Mihai
name: Nenez, Sandrine Tusseau
name: Cojocaru, Costel Sorin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Herein, we report on the use of vertically aligned multiwall carbon nanotubes (CNTs) films as support for ZnO/ZnS photocatalytic active nanostructures. The CNTs were synthetized via a hot-filament chemical vapor deposition (HfCVD), using Fe catalyst on top of Al$_2$O$_3$ buffer layer. Controlled point defects in the CNTs outer walls were created by exposure to a low pressure nonthermal water vapors diffusive plasma and acted as seeds for subsequent pulsed-electrodeposition of Zn nanoparticles. This was to achieve a direct and improved contact between the nanoparticles and CNTs. To obtain ZnO, ZnS and mix phase of ZnO/ZnS spread on CNTs, the oxidation, sulfurization and 2 steps subsequent annealing in oxygen and sulfur rich atmospheres were applied. High resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) with energy dispersive X-rays spectroscopy (EDS) in scanning mode, provided the chemical mapping of the structures. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analyses proved the hexagonal phase of ZnO and ZnS, obtained after oxidation in H$_2$O and S vapors, respectively. In the case of the samples obtained by the 2 steps subsequent annealing, XRD showed mainly the presence of ZnO and a small amount of ZnS. The benefit of the secondary annealing in S vapor was seen as absorption enhancement of the ZnO$_{1-x}$S$_x$@CNTs sample having the absorption edge at 417 nm, whereas the absorption edge of ZnO@CNTs was 408 nm and of ZnS@CNTs 360 nm. For all the samples, compared to the bare ZnO and ZnS, the absorption red shift was observed which is attributed to the CNTs involvement. Therefore, this study showed the double sides benefit to induce the absorption of ZnO of the visible light, one from S doping and second of CNTs involvement. The absorption enhancement had a positive impact on photocatalytic degradation of methyl blue dye, showing that ZnO$_{1-x}$S$_x$@CNTs heteronanostructure was the best photocatalyst among the studied samples.
Identifying exotic hidden-charm pentaquarks
Creators: name: Chen, Rui
name: Liu, Xiang
name: Li, Xue-Qian
name: Zhu, Shi-Lin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The LHCb Collaboration at the Large Hadron Collider at CERN discovered two pentaquark states $P_c(4380)$ and $P_c(4450)$. These two hidden-charm states are interpreted as the loosely bound $Σ_c(2455)D^*$ and $Σ_c^*(2520)D^*$ molecular states in the boson exchange interaction model, which provides an explanation for why the experimental width of $P_c(4450)$ is much narrower than that of $P_c(4380)$. The discovery of the new resonances $P_c(4380)$ and $P_c(4450)$, indeed, opens a new page for hadron physics. The partners of $P_c(4380)$ and $P_c(4450)$ should be pursued in future experiments.
description: 5 pages, 2 tables and 1 figure. More discussions and references added. Accepted by Phys. Rev. Lett
Variational quantum algorithm for Gaussian discrete solitons and their boson sampling
Creators: name: Conti, Claudio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In the context of quantum information, highly nonlinear regimes, such as those supporting solitons, are marginally investigated. We miss general methods for quantum solitons, although they can act as entanglement generators or as self-organized quantum processors. We develop a computational approach that uses a neural network as a variational ansatz for quantum solitons in an array of waveguides. By training the resulting phase-space quantum machine learning model, we find different soliton solutions varying the number of particles and interaction strength. We consider Gaussian states that enable measuring the degree of entanglement and sampling the probability distribution of many-particle events. We also determine the probability of generating particle pairs and unveil that soliton bound states emit correlated pairs. These results may have a role in boson sampling with nonlinear systems and in quantum processors for entangled nonlinear waves.
description: Minor changes. 21 figures and 20 pages
Quantum fluctuations and correlations in open quantum Dicke models
Creators: name: Boneberg, Mario
name: Lesanovsky, Igor
name: Carollo, Federico
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the vicinity of ground-state phase transitions quantum correlations can display non-analytic behavior and critical scaling. This signature of emergent collective effects has been widely investigated within a broad range of equilibrium settings. However, under nonequilibrium conditions, as found in open quantum many-body systems, characterizing quantum correlations near phase transitions is challenging. Moreover, the impact of local and collective dissipative processes on quantum correlations is not broadly understood. This is, however, indispensable for the exploitation of quantum effects in technological applications, such as sensing and metrology. Here we consider as a paradigmatic setting the superradiant phase transition of the open quantum Dicke model and characterize quantum and classical correlations across the phase diagram. We develop an approach to quantum fluctuations which allows us to show that local dissipation, which cannot be treated within the commonly employed Holstein-Primakoff approximation, rather unexpectedly leads to an enhancement of collective quantum correlations, and to the emergence of a nonequilibrium superradiant phase in which the bosonic and spin degrees of freedom of the Dicke model are entangled.
description: 18 pages, 4 figures
Large Phonon Thermal Hall Conductivity in a Simple Antiferromagnetic Insulator
Creators: name: Chen, Lu
name: Boulanger, Marie-Eve
name: Wang, Zhi-Cheng
name: Tafti, Fazel
name: Taillefer, Louis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Phonons are known to generate a thermal Hall effect in certain insulators, including oxides with rare-earth impurities, quantum paraelectrics, multiferroic materials and cuprate Mott insulators. In each case, a special feature of the material is presumed relevant for the underlying mechanism that confers chirality to phonons in a magnetic field. The question is whether a phonon Hall effect is an unusual occurrence - linked to special characteristics such as skew scattering off rare-earth impurities, structural domains, ferroelectricity, ferromagnetism - or a much more common property of insulators than hitherto believed. To help answer this question, we have turned to a simple insulator, with none of the previously encountered special features: the cubic antiferromagnet Cu$_3$TeO$_6$. We find that it has the largest thermal Hall conductivity $κ_{\rm{xy}}$ of any insulator so far. We show that this record-high $κ_{\rm{xy}}$ signal is due to phonons and it does not require the presence of magnetic order, as it persists above the ordering temperature. We conclude that the phonon Hall effect is likely to be a fairly common property of solids.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures
Rule switching mechanisms in the Game of Life with synchronous and asynchronous updating policy
Creators: name: Miszczak, Jarosław Adam
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Multiagent Systems (cs.MA)
subject: Cellular Automata and Lattice Gases (nlin.CG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The emergence of complex structures in the systems governed by a simple set of rules is among the most fascinating aspects of Nature. The particularly powerful and versatile model suitable for investigating this phenomenon is provided by cellular automata, with the Game of Life being one of the most prominent examples. However, this simplified model can be too limiting in providing a tool for modelling real systems. To address this, we introduce and study an extended version of the Game of Life, with the dynamical process governing the rule selection at each step. We show that the introduced modification significantly alters the behaviour of the game. We also demonstrate that the choice of the synchronization policy can be used to control the trade-off between the stability and the growth in the system.
description: 14 pages, 5+1 figures, code available at https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8099606
Efficient 6D Vlasov simulation using the dynamical low-rank framework Ensign
Creators: name: Cassini, Fabio
name: Einkemmer, Lukas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Running kinetic simulations using grid-based methods is extremely expensive due to the up to six-dimensional phase space. Recently, it has been shown that dynamical low-rank algorithms can drastically reduce the required computational effort, while still accurately resolving important physical features such as filamentation and Landau damping. In this paper, we propose a new second order projector-splitting dynamical low-rank algorithm for the full six-dimensional Vlasov--Poisson equations. An exponential integrator based Fourier spectral method is employed to obtain a numerical scheme that is CFL condition free but still fully explicit. The resulting method is implemented with the aid of Ensign, a software framework which facilitates the efficient implementation of dynamical low-rank algorithms on modern multi-core CPU as well as GPU based systems. Its usage and features are briefly described in the paper as well. The presented numerical results demonstrate that 6D simulations can be run on a single workstation and highlight the significant speedup that can be obtained using GPUs.
Regularisation in Nonperturbative Extensions of Effective Field Theory
Creators: name: Abell, Curtis D.
name: Leinweber, Derek B.
name: Thomas, Anthony W.
name: Wu, Jia-Jun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The process of renormalisation in nonperturbative Hamiltonian Effective Field Theory (HEFT) is examined in the $Δ$-resonance scattering channel. As an extension of effective field theory incorporating the Lüscher formalism, HEFT provides a bridge between the infinite-volume scattering data of experiment and the finite-volume spectrum of energy eigenstates in lattice QCD. HEFT also provides phenomenological insight into the basis-state composition of the finite-volume eigenstates via the state eigenvectors. The Hamiltonian matrix is made finite through the introduction of finite-range regularisation. The extent to which the established features of this regularisation scheme survive in HEFT is examined. In a single-channel $πN$ analysis, fits to experimental phase shifts withstand large variations in the regularisation parameter, $Λ$, providing an opportunity to explore the sensitivity of the finite-volume spectrum and state composition on the regulator. While the Lüscher formalism ensures the eigenvalues are insensitive to $Λ$ variation in the single-channel case, the eigenstate composition varies with $Λ$; the admission of short distance interactions diminishes single-particle contributions to the states. In the two-channel $πN$, $πΔ$ analysis, $Λ$ is restricted to a small range by the experimental data. Here the inelasticity is particularly sensitive to variations in $Λ$ and its associated parameter set. This sensitivity is also manifest in the finite-volume spectrum for states near the opening of the $πΔ$ scattering channel. Finally, HEFT has the unique ability to describe the quark-mass dependence of the finite-volume eigenstates. The robust nature of this capability is presented and used to confront current state-of-the-art lattice QCD calculations.
description: 21 pages, 22 figures
Waveforms produced by a scalar point particle plunging into a Schwarzschild black hole: Excitation of quasinormal modes and quasibound states
Creators: name: Decanini, Yves
name: Folacci, Antoine
name: Hadj, Mohamed Ould El
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: With the possibility of testing massive gravity in the context of black hole physics in mind, we consider the radiation produced by a particle plunging from slightly below the innermost stable circular orbit into a Schwarzschild black hole. In order to circumvent the difficulties associated with black hole perturbation theory in massive gravity, we use a toy model in which we replace the graviton field with a massive scalar field and consider a linear coupling between the particle and this field. We compute the waveform generated by the plunging particle and study its spectral content. This permits us to highlight and interpret some important effects occurring in the plunge regime which are not present for massless fields such as (i) the decreasing and vanishing, as the mass parameter increases, of the signal amplitude generated when the particle moves on quasicircular orbits near the innermost stable circular orbit and (ii) in addition to the excitation of the quasinormal modes, the excitation of the quasibound states of the black hole.
description: v2 : Minor changes to match the published version
Positioning Nuclear Spins in Interacting Clusters for Quantum Technologies and Bio-imaging
Creators: name: Wang, Zhen-Yu
name: Haase, Jan F.
name: Casanova, Jorge
name: Plenio, Martin B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a method to measure the hyperfine vectors between a nitrogen-vacancy (NV) center and an environment of interacting nuclear spins. Our protocol enables the generation of tunable electron-nuclear coupling Hamiltonians while suppressing unwanted inter-nuclear interactions. In this manner, each nucleus can be addressed and controlled individually thereby permitting the reconstruction of the individual hyperfine vectors. With this ability the 3D-structure of spin ensembles and spins in bio-molecules can be identified without the necessity of varying the direction of applied magnetic fields. We demonstrate examples including the complete reconstruction of an interacting spin cluster in diamond and 3D imaging of all the nuclear spins in a bio-molecule.
Graphulo Implementation of Server-Side Sparse Matrix Multiply in the Accumulo Database
Creators: name: Hutchison, Dylan
name: Kepner, Jeremy
name: Gadepally, Vijay
name: Fuchs, Adam
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Databases (cs.DB)
subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: Mathematical Software (cs.MS)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The Apache Accumulo database excels at distributed storage and indexing and is ideally suited for storing graph data. Many big data analytics compute on graph data and persist their results back to the database. These graph calculations are often best performed inside the database server. The GraphBLAS standard provides a compact and efficient basis for a wide range of graph applications through a small number of sparse matrix operations. In this article, we implement GraphBLAS sparse matrix multiplication server-side by leveraging Accumulo's native, high-performance iterators. We compare the mathematics and performance of inner and outer product implementations, and show how an outer product implementation achieves optimal performance near Accumulo's peak write rate. We offer our work as a core component to the Graphulo library that will deliver matrix math primitives for graph analytics within Accumulo.
description: To be presented at IEEE HPEC 2015: http://www.ieee-hpec.org/
"hepdata_tables_data_replicas.tar.gz" of "Measurement of three-jet production cross-sections in pp collisions at 7 TeV centre-of-mass energy using the ATLAS detector"
Creators: name: ATLAS Collaboration
Publisher: name: HEPData
Year: 2016

description: 10000 pseudo-experiments
description: CERN-LHC. Double-differential three-jet cross-sections have been measured in proton-proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of sqrt(s)=7 TeV using the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider. The measurements are presented as functions of the three-jet invariant mass (m_jjj) and the sum of absolute rapidity separations between the three leading jets (|Y*|). Invariant masses extending up to 5 TeV are reached for 8<|Y*|<10. These measurements use the sample of proton-proton collision data recorded using the ATLAS detector in 2011, which corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 4.51 fb^-1. Jets are identified using the anti-kt algorithm with two different jet radius parameters, R=0.4 and R=0.6. The dominant uncertainty in this measurement comes from the jet energy scale. Next-to-leading-order QCD calculations corrected to account for non-perturbative effects are compared to the measurements. Good agreement is found between the data and the theoretical predictions based on most of the available sets of parton distribution functions, over the full kinematic range, covering almost seven orders of magnitude in the measured cross-section values. The higher precision statistical uncertainties with respect to tables in the paper are represented. 10000 pseudo-experiments were used. In the attachment, there is a tarball containing statistical covariance matrices for data. In the attachment, there is also a tarball containing 10000 pseudo-experiments obtained by fluctuating data in a way described in the reference paper (the bootstrap method). The replicas can be used to study correlations among different ATLAS measurements. In the attachment, there is also a tarball containing tables with non-perturbative corrections.
Control of diffusion of nano-particles in an optical vortex lattice
Creators: name: Zapata, Ivar
name: Delgado-Buscalioni, Rafael
name: Sáenz, Juan José
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A two-dimensional periodic optical force field, which combines conservative dipolar forces with vortices from radiation pressure, is proposed in order to influence the diffusion properties of optically susceptible nano-particles. The different deterministic flow patterns are identified. In the low noise limit, the diffusion coefficient is computed from a Mean First Passage Time (MFPT) and the Most Probable Escape Paths (MPEP) are identified for those flow patterns which possess an stable stationary point. Numerical simulations of the associated Langevin equations show remarkable agreement with the analytically deduced expressions. Modifications of the force field are proposed so that a wider range of phenomena could be tested.
description: 15 pages, 7 figures