cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
A Fuzzy-set-based Joint Distribution Adaptation Method for Regression and its Application to Online Damage Quantification for Structural Digital Twin
Creators: name: Zhou, Xuan
name: Sbarufatti, Claudio
name: Giglio, Marco
name: Dong, Leiting
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science (cs.CE)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Online damage quantification suffers from insufficient labeled data that weakens its accuracy. In this context, adopting the domain adaptation on historical labeled data from similar structures/damages or simulated digital twin data to assist the current diagnosis task would be beneficial. However, most domain adaptation methods are designed for classification and cannot efficiently address damage quantification, a regression problem with continuous real-valued labels. This study first proposes a novel domain adaptation method, the Online Fuzzy-set-based Joint Distribution Adaptation for Regression, to address this challenge. By converting the continuous real-valued labels to fuzzy class labels via fuzzy sets, the marginal and conditional distribution discrepancy are simultaneously measured to achieve the domain adaptation for the damage quantification task. Thanks to the superiority of the proposed method, a state-of-the-art online damage quantification framework based on domain adaptation is presented. Finally, the framework has been comprehensively demonstrated with a damaged helicopter panel, in which three types of damage domain adaptations (across different damage locations, across different damage types, and from simulation to experiment) are all conducted, proving the accuracy of damage quantification can be significantly improved in a realistic environment. It is expected that the proposed approach to be applied to the fleet-level digital twin considering the individual differences.
description: 29 pages, 10 figures
Burden and Parental Satisfaction in Informal Caregivers of People with Angelman Syndrome: A Mix-method Study
Creators: name: Ferreira, Teresa
name: Brites, Rute
name: Brandão, Tânia
name: Nunes, Odete
name: Hipólito, João
Publisher: name: Mediterranean Journal of Clinical Psychology
Year: 2022
Subjects: Angelman Syndrome; Informal Caregiver; Burden; Parental Satisfaction; Autonomy.

description: Background: Studies focusing on the burden of parents informally caring for offspring with chronic illnesses such as Angelman Syndrome are rare, despite the challenging task of parenting a person with such a disabling illness. The present article seeks to study the experience of being a parent and, simultaneously, an informal caregiver for a person with Angelman Syndrome, pursuing to investigate the effects of autonomy on the caregiver burden and how parental satisfaction mediates this relationship. Methods: A mixed methods research was conducted. The quantitative cross-sectional study involved 24 parents of a person with Angelman Syndrome, 75% mothers (Mothers Mage = 42.9, SD= 2.1; Fathers Mage =50.00, SD= 4.4). Five self-reported instruments were applied: sociodemographic questionnaire, Katz Index, Parental Satisfaction Scale and Zarit Caregiver Burden Scale. The qualitative study involved four parents (75% mothers), to whom we conducted a semi-structured interview. Results: The results show that the greater the general satisfaction, the lower the feelings of burden. Also, an indirect effect of autonomy on caregiver burden through general satisfaction was found. The qualitative study revealed the presence of feelings such as burden, sadness, shock, fear, uncertainty, and hope, being the main complaints the lack of personal time and the multitude of responsibilities and activities. All data was collected during a global pandemic situation, inevitably affecting the results of the study. Conclusion: Results confirm the emotional impact of being, simultaneously, a parent and a caregiver of a person diagnosed with Angelman Syndrome. Further studies with this population are needed to find out the risk and protective factors of symptoms of burden within this population.
description: Mediterranean Journal of Clinical Psychology, Vol 10, No 2 (2022)
Systematic calculations of $α$-decay half-lives with an improved empirical formula
Creators: name: Wang, Z. Y.
name: Niu, Z. M.
name: Liu, Q.
name: Guo, J. Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Based on the recent data in NUBASE2012, an improved empirical formula for evaluating the $α$-decay half-lives is presented, in which the hindrance effect resulted from the change of the ground state spins and parities of parent and daughter nuclei is included, together with a new correction factor for nuclei near the shell closures. The calculated $α$-decay half-lives are found to be in better agreements with the experimental data, and the corresponding root-mean-square (rms) deviation is reduced to $0.433$ when the experimental $Q$-values are employed. Furthermore, the $Q$-values derived from different nuclear mass models are used to predict $α$-decay half-lives with this improved formula. It is found that the calculated half-lives are very sensitive to the $Q$-values. Remarkably, when mass predictions are improved with the radial basis function (RBF), the resulting rms deviations can be significantly reduced. With the mass prediction from the latest version of Weizsäcker-Skyrme (WS4) model, the rms deviation of $α$-decay half-lives with respect to the known data falls to $0.697$.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures and 3 tables, submitted to Journal of Physics G: Nuclear and Particle
Investments in children's health and the Kenyan cash transfer for orphans and vulnerable children: Evidence from an unconditional cash transfer scheme
Creators: name: Thirumurthy, H.
name: Singh, K.
name: Halpern, C.
name: Huang, C.
name: Pettifor, A.
name: Handa, S.
Publisher: name: Oxford University Press
Year: 2017

description: Child mortality is one of the most pressing global health and policy issues in the developing world. The leading drivers of death-pneumonia, diarrhea and malaria-are preventable and treatable. However, these illnesses are exacerbated by a lack of accessible nutrition, water, basic and preventive health services, and sanitary living conditions-all factors which are more likely to disproportionately impact the poor. We examine whether Kenya's largest social protection impacts children's incidence of upper respiratory illness. The Kenya Cash Transfer for Orphans and Vulnerable Children was designed to support orphans affected by HIV/AIDS and has covered over 240,000 households as of 2014. Using longitudinal, cluster-randomized program data from 2007 to 2009, we run a generalized linear latent and mixed method estimation model on a sample of children 0-7 years and under-5 years of age. We find that the program is associated with a decrease in illness in children 0-7 years of age (P < 0.05), but found no effects on a stratified sample of under-5 children. Furthermore, no impacts on health care seeking in the event of illness were detected. This study is one of few examining children's health using data from a large scale unconditional cash transfer program. With the widespread adoption of over 123 cash transfer programs across sub-Saharan Africa, these findings suggest social cash transfer programs are capable of promoting the multidimensional well-being for the world's most vulnerable populations.
A three dimensional field formulation, and isogeometric solutions to point and line defects using Toupin's theory of gradient elasticity at finite strains
Creators: name: Wang, Zhenlin
name: Rudraraju, Shiva
name: Garikipati, Krishna
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a field formulation for defects that draws from the classical representation of the cores as force dipoles. We write these dipoles as singular distributions. Exploiting the key insight that the variational setting is the only appropriate one for the theory of distributions, we arrive at universally applicable weak forms for defects in nonlinear elasticity. Remarkably, the standard, Galerkin finite element method yields numerical solutions for the elastic fields of defects that, when parameterized suitably, match very well with classical, linearized elasticity solutions. The true potential of our approach, however, lies in its easy extension to generate solutions to elastic fields of defects in the regime of nonlinear elasticity, and even more notably for Toupin's theory of gradient elasticity at finite strains(Arch. Rat. Mech. Anal., 11, 385, 1962). In computing these solutions we adopt recent numerical work on an isogeometric analytic framework that enabled the first three-dimensional solutions to general boundary value problems of Toupin's theory (Rudraraju et al. Comp. Meth. App. Mech. Engr., 278, 705, 2014). We first present exhaustive solutions to point defects, edge and screw dislocations, and a study on the energetics of interacting dislocations. Then, to demonstrate the generality and potential of our treatment, we apply it to other complex dislocation configurations, including loops and low-angle grain boundaries.
description: Journal of the Mechanics and Physics of Solids: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmps.2016.03.028
Why not get vaccinated? A study on psychological reasons
Creators: name: Di Nuovo, Santo F.
name: Moschetto, Chiara
name: Narzisi, Valeria
name: Smeriglio, Rossana
Publisher: name: Mediterranean Journal of Clinical Psychology
Year: 2022
Subjects: Vaccines; No-Vax; Psychological attitudes; Personality; Health Locus of Control.

description: The article deals with the psychological reasons pro or against vaccination. After a review of the literature, a study was conducted aimed at evaluating the differences in some psychological characteristics between people who have definitely consented to vaccination and persons opposed to vaccines. Two groups were selected pro or against vaccination (n = 54 each), balanced by gender, age, education and work activity. The research was conducted using an online form, including opinion, attitude and motivation questionnaires, test on stress and attribution of control in health issues, and the 10-item Big Five Inventory Test. The results show that a less favorable attitude toward vaccines correlates with a lack of confidence in institutions, linked to external Locus of Control of Health, and to the perception that the actual risk is artificially increased for hidden reasons in vaccination campaigns; while the personality variables seem to have less influence. These results could be helpful for addressing the vaccination campaign to specific targets, and overcoming psychological biases and prejudices.
description: Mediterranean Journal of Clinical Psychology, Vol 10, No 2 (2022)
(356) Eliza Love Wilson Mann
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Stability of homogeneous chiral phases against inhomogeneous perturbations in 2+1 dimensions
Creators: name: Winstel, Marc
name: Pannullo, Laurin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, inhomogeneous chiral phases are studied in a variety of Four-Fermion and Yukawa models in $2+1$ dimensions at zero and non-zero temperature and chemical potentials. Employing the mean-field approximation, we do not find indications for an inhomogeneous phase in any of the studied models. We show that the homogeneous phases are stable against inhomogeneous perturbations. At zero temperature, full analytic results are presented.
description: 10 pages, 1 figure, contains ancillary files with plot data; talk given at the 39th International Symposium on Lattice Field theory (LATTICE 2022) in Bonn; August 8-13 2022
Datendokumentation leicht gemacht! Ein interaktiver Online-Workshop
Creators: name: Biernacka, Katarzyna
name: Helbig, Kerstin
name: Senft, Matthias
name: Trautwein-Bruns, Ute
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Schulung
Forschungsdaten
Datendokumentation
Online-Workshop
Interaktive Methoden
Readme
Data Dictionary

description: "Datendokumentation leicht gemacht! Ein interaktiver Online-Workshop" richtet sich insbesondere an FDM-Trainer*innen und Data Stewards, aber auch Forschende sind potenzielle Teilnehmende. Mit dem eineinhalbstündigen Online-Workshop wird die Datendokumentation als lästiges aber notwendiges Thema im Forschungsdatenmanagement aufgegriffen und Lehrkonzepte umgesetzt, die die Interaktivität von Online-Veranstaltungen steigern.

 Das Konzept und die zugehörigen Materialien wurden von der UAG Schulungen/Fortbildungen der DINI/nestor-AG Forschungsdaten entwickelt und zusammengestellt. Ziel: Sensibilisierung für und Vermittlung von Kompetenzen zum Thema Datendokumentation Notwendiges Material: Die Lehreinheit umfasst PowerPoint-Präsentationsfolien, ein Lehrdrehbuch mit detailliertem Ablauf des Online-Workshops, ein Beispieldatensatz zur Sensibilisierung für das Thema, eine Sammlung von Tipps zur Verbesserung der Tabelle (Musterlösung), ein Data-Dictionary-Template, ein Readme-Template sowie ein Beispielpadlet für die Sammlung von notwendigen Metadaten. Vorkenntnisse: keine Zielgruppe: FDM-Trainer*innen, Data Stewards und (mit leichten Anpassungen) Forschende Dauer: 90 Minuten (inkl. Pufferzeit)
A Brief Overview of The Development of Body Representations Across Infancy, Childhood and Adulthood
Creators: name: Myles, Liam Alexander MacKenzie
Publisher: name: Mediterranean Journal of Clinical Psychology
Year: 2022
Subjects: Body Representations; Infancy; Childhood; Adulthood.

description: For centuries, philosophers have pondered over how bodies are represented as unitary entities and contemporary research is beginning to elucidate the answer. This paper will argue that different aspects of body representation develop at different rates across infancy and childhood, with body representation maturing to adult-like states by early adolescence. Firstly, the role of somatosensory cues will be outlined, before highlighting the influence of multisensory temporal and spatial congruity in body representation.
description: Mediterranean Journal of Clinical Psychology, Vol 10, No 2 (2022)
Optimizing Trigger-Level Track Reconstruction for Sensitivity to Exotic Signatures
Creators: name: Di Petrillo, K. F.
name: Farr, J. N.
name: Guo, C.
name: Holmes, T. R.
name: Nelson, J.
name: Pachal, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Many compelling beyond the Standard Model scenarios predict signals that result in unconventional charged particle trajectories. Signatures for which unusual tracks are the most conspicuous feature of the event pose significant challenges for experiments at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC), particularly for the trigger. This article presents a study of track-based triggers for a representative set of long-lived and unconventional signatures at the upcoming High Luminosity LHC, as well as resulting recommendations for the target parameters of a hardware-based tracking system. Scenarios studied include large multiplicities of low momentum tracks produced in a soft-unclustered-energy-pattern model, displaced leptons and anomalous prompt tracks predicted in a Supersymmetry model with long-lived staus, and displaced hadrons predicted in a Higgs portal scenario with long-lived scalars.
description: arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:2203.07314
Analytic Solution of Linear Fractional Differential Equation with Jumarie Derivative in Term of Mittag-Leffler Function
Creators: name: Ghosh, Uttam
name: Sengupta, Srijan
name: Sarkar, Susmita
name: Das, Shantanu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: There is no unified method to solve the fractional differential equation. The type of derivative here used in this paper is of Jumarie formulation, for the several differential equations studied. Here we develop an algorithm to solve the linear fractional differential equation composed via Jumarie fractional derivative in terms of Mittag-Leffler function; and show its conjugation with ordinary calculus. In these fractional differential equations the one parameter Mittag-Leffler function plays the role similar as exponential function used in ordinary differential equations.
description: 14 pages
Measuring Men’s Gender Norms and Gender Role Conflict/Stress in a High HIV-Prevalence South African Setting
Creators: name: Lippman, S.A.
name: Gottert, A.
name: Pettifor, A.
name: MacPhail, C.
name: Kahn, K.
name: Barrington, C.
name: Maman, S.
name: Twine, R.
name: McNaughton-Reyes, H.L.
name: Selin, A.
Publisher: name: Springer New York LLC
Year: 2016

description: Gender norms and gender role conflict/stress may influence HIV risk behaviors among men; however scales measuring these constructs need further development and evaluation in African settings. We conducted exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses to evaluate the Gender Equitable Men’s Scale (GEMS) and the Gender Role Conflict/Stress (GRC/S) scale among 581 men in rural northeast South Africa. The final 17-item GEMS was unidimensional, with adequate model fit and reliability (alpha = 0.79). Factor loadings were low (0.2–0.3) for items related to violence and sexual relationships. The final 24-item GRC/S scale was multidimensional with four factors: Success, power, competition; Subordination to women; Restrictive emotionality; and Sexual prowess. The scale had adequate model fit and good reliability (alpha = 0.83). While GEMS is a good measure of inequitable gender norms, new or revised scale items may need to be explored in the South African context. Adding the GRC/S scale to capture men’s strain related to gender roles could provide important insights into men’s risk behaviors.
Near-Automatic Routine Field Calibration/Correction of Glider Salinity Data Using Whitespace Maximization Image Analysis of Theta/S Data.
Creators: name: Allen, John T.
name: Munoz, Cristian
name: Gardiner, Jim
name: Reeve, Krissy A.
name: Alou-Font, Eva
name: Zarokanellos, Nikolaos
Publisher: name: UNESCO/IOC
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Gliders
subject: Image analysis
subject: Field correction
subject: Semi automatic machine processing
subject: Parameter Discipline::Physical oceanography::Water column temperature and salinity
subject: Gliders
subject: Data Management Practices::Data processing
subject: Data Management Practices::Data acquisition

description: Glider vehicles are now perhaps some of the most prolific providers of real-time and near-real-time operational oceanographic data. However, the data from these vehicles can and should be considered to have a long-term legacy value capable of playing a critical role in understanding and separating inter-annual, inter-decadal, and longterm global change. To achieve this, we have to go further than simply assuming the manufacturer’s calibrations, and field correct glider data in a more traditional way, for example, by careful comparison to water bottle calibrated lowered CTD datasets and/or “gold” standard recent climatologies. In this manuscript, we bring into the 21st century a historical technique that has been used manually by oceanographers for many years/decades for field correction/inter-calibration, thermal lag correction, and adjustment for biological fouling. The technique has now been made semi-automatic for machine processing of oceanographic glider data, although its future and indeed its origins have far wider scope. The subject of this manuscript is drawn from the original Description of Work (DoW) for a key task in the recently completed JERICO-NEXT (Joint European Research Infrastructure network for Coastal Observatories) EU-funded program, but goes on to consider future application and the suitability for integration with machine learning.
The implications of chronic psychological stress in the development of diabetes mellitus type 2
Creators: name: Pușcașu, Andreea
name: Bolocan, Alexandra
name: Păduraru, Dan Nicolae
name: Salmen, Teodor
name: Bica, Cristina
name: Andronic, Octavian
Publisher: name: Mediterranean Journal of Clinical Psychology
Year: 2022

description: Indroduction:Diabetes mellitus type 2 is a systemic disease with major negative effects on every organ and this is why the risk factors should be known and limited. In the past, in the majority perception, diabetes was associated especially with dietary factors, but psychological stress seems to be a factor incriminated in diabetes mellitus developement, too. Material and Method: During the writing of this review, there were used materials selected through search engines such as Pubmed, Web of Science, and Scopus, inserting formula: (diabetes*) AND (type 2 OR type two) AND (stress). The search included articles published in last 20 years with full text in english. Results and discussions: The complexity of the human body is distinguished through the fact that is biochemically prepared for defying every danger or risk factor by using two major physiological pathways: the sympathetic nervous system and the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis (HPA) Even if proinflammatory cytokines are usually synthesized as a response of the human body to a certain disease, they can also be increased when a stressor occurs, a fact previously demonstrated. Another cytokine involved in diabetes pathogeny is IL-6 of which contribution to insulin secretion has been intensely researched. Cortisol has a major impact on the stress response, a fact previously demonstrated, but is also a considerable factor in glucose metabolism: it is a hyperglycemic hormone because has a stimulating action on gluconeogenesis and glycogenolysis. Another factor that contributes to diabetes mellitus type 2 pathogeny is the higher level of homocysteine found among people who have suffered chronic psychological stress Conclusions: The evolution of diabetes mellitus type 2 is severely affected by chronic psychological stress through modifications that occur in normal physiology, such as activation of the sympathetic nervous system, inhibition of the cholinergic pathway, synthesis of proinflammatory cytokines, or hyperproduction of homocysteine. These changes lead to hyperglycemia and insulin resistance, but they can be prevented by stress management procedures and treatment the stress-related diseases.
description: Mediterranean Journal of Clinical Psychology, Vol 10, No 2 (2022)
Emergence of Classicality in Stern-Gerlach Experiment via Self-Gravity
Creators: name: Sahoo, Sourav Kesharee
name: Vathsan, Radhika
name: Qureshi, Tabish
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Emergence of classicality from quantum mechanics, a hotly debated topic, has had no satisfactory resolution so far. Various approaches including decoherence and gravitational interactions have been suggested. In the present work, the Schrödinger-Newton model is used to study the role of semi-classical self-gravity in the evolution of massive spin-1/2 particles in a Stern-Gerlach experiment. For small mass, evolution of the initial wavepacket in a spin superposition shows a splitting in the magnetic field gradient into two trajectories as in the standard Stern-Gerlach experiment. For larger mass, the deviations from the central path are less than in the standard Stern-Gerlach case, while for high enough mass, the wavepacket does not split, and instead follows the classical trajectory for a magnetic moment in inhomogeneous magnetic field. This indicates the emergence of classicality due to self-gravitational interaction when the mass is increased. In contrast, decoherence which is a strong contender for emergence of classicality, leads to a \emph{mixed state} of two trajectories corresponding to the spin-up and spin-down states, and not the classically expected path. The classically expected path of the particle probably cannot be explained even in the many-worlds interpretation of quantum mechanics. Stern-Gerlach experiments in the macroscopic domain are needed to settle this question.
description: To appear in Annalen der Physik
Editorial: From Frontal Lesson to Other Forms of Teaching
Creators: name: Settineri, Salvatore
Publisher: name: Mediterranean Journal of Clinical Psychology
Year: 2022
Subjects: Clinical psychology; Didactic; Frontal lessons; Teaching.

description: Among the urgent measures for the implementation of the PNRR of Law no. 79 of 29 June 2022, the word "frontal lesson" has been replaced by "for teaching in the various forms provided". In fact, the rule establishes the acquisition of a habit dictated by the change over time and the resolution of some misunderstandings on the number of hours to be covered by university teachers.
description: Mediterranean Journal of Clinical Psychology, Vol 10, No 2 (2022)
Velocity-Coherent Substructure in TMC-1: Inflow and Fragmentation
Creators: name: Smith, Simon E. T.
name: Friesen, Rachel
name: Marchal, Antoine
name: Pineda, Jaime E.
name: Caselli, Paola
name: Chen, Michael Chun-Yuan
name: Choudhury, Spandan
name: Di Francesco, James
name: Ginsburg, Adam
name: Kirk, Helen
name: Matzner, Chris
name: Punanova, Anna
name: Scibelli, Samantha
name: Shirley, Yancy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Filamentary structures have been found nearly ubiquitously in molecular clouds and yet their formation and evolution is still poorly understood. We examine a segment of Taurus Molecular Cloud 1 (TMC-1) that appears as a single, narrow filament in continuum emission from dust. We use the Regularized Optimization for Hyper-Spectral Analysis (ROHSA), a Gaussian decomposition algorithm which enforces spatial coherence when fitting multiple velocity components simultaneously over a data cube. We analyze HC$_5$N (9-8) line emission as part of the Green Bank Ammonia Survey (GAS) and identify three velocity-coherent components with ROHSA. The two brightest components extend the length of the filament, while the third component is fainter and clumpier. The brightest component has a prominent transverse velocity gradient of $2.7 \pm 0.1$ km s$^{-1}$ pc$^{-1}$ that we show to be indicative of gravitationally induced inflow. In the second component, we identify regularly spaced emission peaks along its length. We show that the local minima between pairs of adjacent HC$_5$N peaks line up closely with submillimetre continuum emission peaks, which we argue is evidence for fragmentation along the spine of TMC-1. While coherent velocity components have been described as separate physical structures in other star-forming filaments, we argue that the two bright components identified in HC$_5$N emission in TMC-1 are tracing two layers in one filament: a lower density outer layer whose material is flowing under gravity towards the higher density inner layer of the filament.
description: 17 pages, 8 figures; Accepted for publication to MNRAS
The awareness framework: A novel approach for understanding HIV testing and disclosure in HIV-discordant dyads
Creators: name: Rosenberg, N.E.
name: Pettifor, A.E.
name: Miller, W.C.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: HIV testing and counseling (HTC) is rapidly being brought to scale in sub-Saharan Africa. Scale-up has been driven primarily by the goal of linking HIV-infected persons to treatment. But what impact will HTC scale-up have on HIV prevention, especially as new biomedical HIV prevention interventions are introduced?
The unusual quadruple system HD 91962 with a "planetary" architecture
Creators: name: Tokovinin, Andrei
name: Latham, David W.
name: Mason, Brian D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The young nearby solar-type star HD 91962 is a rare quadruple system where three companions revolve around the main component with periods of 170.3 days, 8.85 years, and 205 years. The two outer orbits are nearly co-planar, and all orbits have small eccentricities. We refine the visual orbit of the outer pair, determine the combined spectro-interferometric orbit of the middle 8.8-yr pair and the spectroscopic orbit of the inner binary. The middle and inner orbits are likely locked in a 1:19 resonance, the ratio of the outer and middle periods is ~23. The masses of all components are estimated (inside-out: 1.14, 0.32, 0.64, 0.64 solar mass), the dynamical parallax is 27.4+-0.6 mas. We speculate that this multiple system originated from collapse of an isolated core and that the companions migrated in a dissipative disk. Other multiple systems with similar features (coplanarity, small eccentricity, and period ratio around 20) are known.
description: Accepted by Astronomical Journal; 12 pages, 5 figures, 7 tables
Sexual power and HIV risk, South Africa
Creators: name: Measham, D.M.
name: Rees, H.V.
name: Pettifor, A.E.
name: Padian, N.S.
Publisher: name: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)
Year: 2004

description: Gender power inequities are believed to play a key role in the HIV epidemic through their effects on women's power in sexual relationships. We hypothesized that lack of sexual power, measured with a four-point relationship control scale and by a woman's experience of forced sex with her most recent partner, would decrease the likelihood of consistent condom use and increase the risk for HIV infection among sexually experienced, 15- to 24-year-old women in South Africa. While limited sexual power was not directly associated with HIV, it was associated with inconsistent condom use: women with low relationship control were 2.10 times more likely to use condoms inconsistently (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.17-3.78), and women experiencing forced sex were 5.77 times more likely to inconsistently use condoms (95% CI 1.86-17.91). Inconsistent condom use was, in turn, significantly associated with HIV infection (adjusted odds ratio 1.58, 95% CI 1.10-2.27).
Homophily-based social group formation in a spin-glass self-assembly framework
Creators: name: Korbel, Jan
name: Lindner, Simon D.
name: Pham, Tuan Minh
name: Hanel, Rudolf
name: Thurner, Stefan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Homophily, the tendency of humans to attract each other when sharing similar features, traits, or opinions has been identified as one of the main driving forces behind the formation of structured societies. Here we ask to what extent homophily can explain the formation of social groups, particularly their size distribution. We propose a spin-glass-inspired framework of self-assembly, where opinions are represented as multidimensional spins that dynamically self-assemble into groups; individuals within a group tend to share similar opinions (intra-group homophily), and opinions between individuals belonging to different groups tend to be different (inter-group heterophily). We compute the associated non-trivial phase diagram by solving a self-consistency equation for 'magnetization' (combined average opinion). Below a critical temperature, there exist two stable phases: one ordered with non-zero magnetization and large clusters, the other disordered with zero magnetization and no clusters. The system exhibits a first-order transition to the disordered phase. We analytically derive the group-size distribution that successfully matches empirical group-size distributions from online communities.
description: 6 pages, 5 pages of SI, to appear in Phys. Rev. Lett
Evidence for sample selection effect and Hawthorne effect in behavioural HIV prevention trial among young women in a rural South African community
Creators: name: Gomez-Olive, F.X.
name: Rosenberg, M.
name: Tollman, S.
name: Sulaimon, A.
name: Wagner, R.G.
name: Selin, A.
name: Kahn, K.
name: Twine, R.
name: Hughes, J.P.
name: Pettifor, A.
name: MacPhail, C.
Publisher: name: BMJ Publishing Group
Year: 2018

description: Objectives We examined the potential influence of both sample selection effects and Hawthorne effects in the behavioural HIV Prevention Trial Network 068 study, designed to examine whether cash transfers conditional on school attendance reduce HIV acquisition in young South African women. We explored whether school enrolment among study participants differed from the underlying population, and whether differences existed at baseline (sample selection effect) or arose during study participation (Hawthorne effect). Methods We constructed a cohort of 3889 young women aged 11-20 years using data from the Agincourt Health and socio-Demographic Surveillance System. We compared school enrolment in 2011 (trial start) and 2015 (trial end) between those who did (n=1720) and did not (n=2169) enrol in the trial. To isolate the Hawthorne effect, we restricted the cohort to those enrolled in school in 2011. Results In 2011, trial participants were already more likely to be enrolled in school (99%) compared with non-participants (93%). However, this association was attenuated with covariate adjustment (adjusted risk difference (aRD) (95% CI): 2.9 (0.7 to 6.5)). Restricting to those enrolled in school in 2011, trial participants were also more likely to be enrolled in school in 2015 (aRD (95% CI): 4.9 (1.5 to 8.3)). The strength of associations increased with age. Conclusions Trial participants across both study arms were more likely to be enrolled in school than non-participants. Our findings suggest that both sample selection and Hawthorne effects may have diminished the differences in school enrolment between study arms, a plausible explanation for the null trial findings. The Hawthorne-specific findings generate hypotheses for how to structure school retention interventions to prevent HIV.
ASPECTS OF ASSOCIATION BETWEEN CHONDRILLA-NUCULA-SCHMIDT (DEMONSPONGIAE) AND ITS SYMBIOTIC EXTRACELLULAR MICROORGANISMS (BACTERIA AND CYANOPHYCEAE) IN NATURAL AND EXPERIMENTAL CONDITIONS
Creators: name: Gaino, E.
name: Pansini, M.
name: Pronzato, R.
Publisher: name: Station Biologique de Roscoff (SBR)
Year: 1977

Abstract
La Houle de Stress - Mise en scène
Creators: name: Atelier Agropolis
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: théâtre forum
mise en scène
circulation du stress
travail

description: La saynète La Houle de Stress aborde la question de la transmission du stress au sein d’une entreprise. Ce document présente le travail de mise en scène effectué dans le cadre de l'atelier Agropolis, pour partage et appropriation libre. Les principaux déplacements proposés sont schématisés par tableau, ou étapes clés de la saynète. Ces éléments peuvent servir d'inspiration pour la rejouer. Pour cette saynète, deux autres documents (Synthèse et Vie de scène) sont également partagés au sein de la communauté.
(348) Allan Mann
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Uncovering functional relationships at zeros with special reference to Riemann's Zeta Function
Creators: name: Glasser, M. L.
name: Milgram, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11M26, 26A09, 30B40, 30E20, 30C15, 33C47, 33B99, 33F99

description: A Master equation has been previously obtained which allows the analytic integration of a fairly large family of functions provided that they possess simple properties. Here, the properties of this Master equation are explored, by extending its applicability to a general range of an independent parameter. Examples are given for various values of the parameter using Riemann's Zeta function as a template to demonstrate the utility of the equation. The template is then extended to the derivation of various sum rules among the zeros of the Zeta function as an example of how similar rules can be obtained for other functions.
description: 22 pages, 2 figures
AfriDx D2.3 Remote training course for use of PATHPOD system and chips and user guides
Creators: name: Vinayaka Aaydha Chidambara
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021

description: Description of training materials were produced by DTU team. 3.1 PATHPOD quick user guide: The quick user guide is intended for day to day work with PATHPOD 3.2 PATHPOD instruction manual: The instruction manual gives detail instructions to prepare the cartridge for testing, sample loading, and step by step instructions. The manual tells how to use the PATHPOD system and how to perform the experiment with sample. The printable manual also contains photos/images of the PATHPOD system and cartridges (chips) at different experimental steps. In the manual also details instructions to analyse the results. 3.3 PATHPOD instruction video: A video instruction PATHPOD use is generated similar to point 3.2 . This video can be run in computer, laptop and in smartphone.
description: The AfriDx project has been funded by EDCTP and the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under grant number RIA2020EF - 2918.
(350) James Wilson
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
La Houle de Stress - Synthèse
Creators: name: Atelier Agropolis
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: théâtre forum
circulation du stress
travail
pression

description: La saynète La Houle de Stress aborde la question de la transmission du stress au sein d’une entreprise. Cette synthèse reprend le contexte de création de la saynète et ses objectifs, présente les personnages et détaille leurs interactions. La pression ressentie par une personne est transmise à d’autres sous de nouvelles formes. Et le stress peut revenir comme un boomerang. Quels sont les impacts de cette houle ? Comment peut-on intervenir pour limiter les dégâts ? Le script partagé veut donner les grandes lignes de dialogue, avec les mots clés. L'objectif général reste de partager les résultats du travail de co-construction de l'atelier Agropolis pour permettre à d'autres groupes qui voudraient les faire vivre de s'en inspirer. Libre à chacun de se les approprier. Pour cette saynète, deux autres documents (Mise en scène et Vie de scène) sont également partagés au sein de la communauté.
A Hilbert space on left-definite Sturm-Liouville difference equation
Creators: name: AlAhmad, Rami
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We investigate the discrete Sturm-Liouville equations. In the present situation, the right hand side of the equation does not give rise to a positive definite quadratic form and we use instead the left hand side to define such a form. We prove in this paper that this form determines a Hilbert space (such problems are called left-definite).
Tensor network study of the spin-1/2 Heisenberg anti-ferromagnet on the Shuriken lattice
Creators: name: Schmoll, Philipp
name: Kshetrimayum, Augustine
name: Naumann, Jan
name: Eisert, Jens
name: Iqbal, Yasir
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the ground state of the spin $S=1/2$ Heisenberg anti-ferromagnet on the Shuriken lattice, also in the presence of an external magnetic field. To this end, we employ two-dimensional tensor network techniques based on infinite projected entangled pair and simplex states considering states with different sizes of the unit cells. We show that a valence bond crystal with resonances over length six loops emerges as the ground state (at any given finite bond dimension) yielding the lowest reported estimate of the ground state energy $E_0/J = -0.4410 \pm 0.0001$ for this model, estimated in the thermodynamic limit. We also study the model in the presence of an external magnetic field and find the emergence of $0$, $1/3$ and $2/3$ magnetization plateaus with states respecting translation and point group symmetries that feature loop-four plaquette resonances instead.
description: 9 pages, 11 figures, 2 tables, some references added
On the regularity for the Navier-slip thin-film equation in the perfect wetting regime
Creators: name: Gnann, Manuel V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 35K65, 35K25, 35K55, 35B40, 35B65, 35A09, 76A20, 76D08

description: We investigate perturbations of traveling wave solutions to a thin-film equation with quadratic mobility and a zero contact angle at the triple junction, where the three phases liquid, gas, and solid meet. This equation can be obtained in lubrication approximation from the Navier-Stokes system of a liquid droplet with a Navier-slip condition at the substrate. Existence and uniqueness have been established by the author together with Giacomelli, Knüpfer, and Otto in previous work. As solutions are generically non-smooth, the approach relied on suitably subtracting the leading-order singular expansion at the free boundary. In the present note, we substantially improve this result by showing the regularizing effect of the degenerate-parabolic equation to arbitrary orders of the singular expansion. In comparison to related previous work, our method does not require additional compatibility assumptions on the initial data. The result turns out to be natural in view of the properties of the source-type self-similar profile.
description: 40 pages, 4 figures (revised manuscript: extended introduction including a figure of the setting, transformations are detailed, some minor flaws are corrected)
Identifying biomarkers in pediatric rare lung disease: Child grows up
Creators: name: Esther, C.R.
name: Vece, T.J.
Publisher: name: American Thoracic Society
Year: 2019

description: Children’s interstitial and diffuse lung disease (chILD) has been recognized as distinct from adult interstitial lung diseases for nearly 2 decades after the first descriptions of disorders of surfactant metabolism and neuroendocrine cell hyperplasia of infancy (NEHI) (1, 2). In that interval, advances in clinical phenotyping, histopathology, genetic testing, and imaging have improved diagnostic capabilities and led to the discovery of novel chILD disorders (3). However, although blood or airway-derived biomarkers can be informative in adult ILD (4, 5), similar biomarkers do not exist in chILD, and lung biopsy is often still required to make a definitive diagnosis. In recognition of these limitations, a recent National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute workshop to advance chILD identified a “lack of validated biomarkers or outcome measures suitable for use in infants and young children” as a key gap (6). In this issue of the Journal, Deterding and colleagues (pp.1496–1504) help to address this gap through the use of aptamer-based proteomics to identify proteins and related pathways in BAL fluid that distinguish two of the most common chILD disorders (NEHI and disorders of surfactant metabolism) from each other and from control individuals without chILD (7). Although this was a single-center study on a relatively small population, these findings represent a significant step forward in the study of these rare lung diseases.
Design for Online Deliberative Processes and Technologies: Towards a Multidisciplinary Research Agenda
Creators: name: Xiao, Lu
name: Zhang, Weiyu
name: Przybylska, Anna
name: De Liddo, Anna
name: Convertino, Gregorio
name: Davies, Todd
name: Klein, Mark
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: H.5.3; K.4.1; K.4.3

description: There has been rapidly growing interest in studying and designing online deliberative processes and technologies. This SIG aims at providing a venue for continuous and constructive dialogue between social, political and cognitive sciences as well as computer science, HCI, and CSCW. Through an online community and a modified version of world cafe discussions, we contribute to the definition of the theoretical building blocks, the identification of a research agenda for the CHI community, and the network of individuals from academia, industry, and the public sector who share interests in different aspects of online deliberation.
description: CHI'15 Extended Abstracts, Apr 18-23, 2015, Seoul, Republic of Korea, ACM 978-1-4503-3146-3/15/04, 4 pages