cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Microscopic motility of isolated E. coli flagella
Creators: name: Djutanta, Franky
name: Brown, Peter T.
name: Nainggolan, Bonfilio
name: Coullomb, Alexis
name: Radhakrishnan, Sritharini
name: Sentosa, Jason
name: Yurke, Bernard
name: Hariadi, Rizal F.
name: Shepherd, Douglas P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The fluctuation-dissipation theorem describes the intimate connection between the Brownian diffusion of thermal particles and their drag coefficients. In the simple case of spherical particles, it takes the form of the Stokes-Einstein relationship that links the particle geometry, fluid viscosity, and diffusive behavior. However, studying the fundamental properties of microscopic asymmetric particles, such as the helical-shaped propeller used by $\textit{E. coli}$, has remained out of reach for experimental approaches due to the need to quantify correlated translation and rotation simultaneously with sufficient spatial and temporal resolution. To solve this outstanding problem, we generated volumetric movies of fluorophore-labeled, freely diffusing, isolated $\textit{E. Coli}$ flagella using oblique plane microscopy. From these movies, we extracted trajectories and determined the hydrodynamic propulsion matrix directly from the diffusion of flagella via a generalized Einstein relation. Our results validate prior proposals, based on macroscopic wire helices and low Reynolds number scaling laws, that the average flagellum is a highly inefficient propeller. Specifically, we found the maximum propulsion efficiency of flagella is less than 5%. Beyond extending Brownian motion analysis to asymmetric 3D particles, our approach opens new avenues to study the propulsion matrix of particles in complex environments where direct hydrodynamic approaches are not feasible.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures, 9 supplemental sections, 7 supplemental figures, 3 supplemental movies *authors contributed equally and reserve the right to change order for first authorship
title: Lesiones papilares de la mama: ¿qué debe saber el radiólogo?
Creators: name: García Gámez, Andrés
Publisher: name: Sociedad Española de Radiología Médica
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Neoplasia
subject: Ultrasound
subject: MR
subject: Mammography
subject: Oncology
subject: Breast

description: Objetivo docente
Revisión del tema
Conclusiones
Bibliografía
description: Objetivo docente:
1.
Revisar los distintos tipos de lesiones papilares y sus principales características clínico-patológicas. 2.
Describir los hallazgos radiológicos en las diferentes técnicas de imagen y su diagnóstico...
Plasmodium vivax populations revisited: Mitochondrial genomes of temperate strains in Asia suggest ancient population expansion
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2012
Subjects: genetic diversity
mitochondrial DNA
Plasmodium vivax
biogeography

description: Background: Plasmodium vivax is the most widely distributed human malaria parasite outside of Africa, and its range extends well into the temperate zones. Previous studies provided evidence for vivax population differentiation, but temperate vivax parasites were not well represented in these analyses. Here we address this deficit by using complete mitochondrial (mt) genome sequences to elucidate the broad genetic diversity and population structure of P. vivax from temperate regions in East and Southeast Asia. Results: From the complete mtDNA sequences of 99 clinical samples collected in China, Myanmar and Korea, a total of 30 different haplotypes were identified from 26 polymorphic sites. Significant differentiation between different East and Southeast Asian parasite populations was observed except for the comparison between populations from Korea and southern China. Haplotype patterns and structure diversity analysis showed coexistence of two different groups in East Asia, which were genetically related to the Southeast Asian population and Myanmar population, respectively. The demographic history of P. vivax, examined using neutrality tests and mismatch distribution analyses, revealed population expansion events across the entire P. vivax range and the Myanmar population. Bayesian skyline analysis further supported the occurrence of ancient P. vivax population expansion. Conclusions: This study provided further resolution of the population structure and evolution of P. vivax, especially in temperate/warm-temperate endemic areas of Asia. The results revealed divergence of the P. vivax populations in temperate regions of China and Korea from other populations. Multiple analyses confirmed ancient population expansion of this parasite. The extensive genetic diversity of the P. vivax populations is consistent with phenotypic plasticity of the parasites, which has implications for malaria control. © 2012 Miao et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.
title: Ablación percutánea con microondas de tumores renales: hallazgos en TC
Creators: name: Tapia Guerrero, Ana
Publisher: name: Sociedad Española de Radiología Médica
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Neoplasia
subject: Ablation procedures
subject: CT
subject: Percutaneous
subject: Kidney
subject: Abdomen

description: Objetivos
Material y método
Resultados
Conclusiones
Bibliografía
description: Objetivos:
Se revisan los casos de pacientes con tumores renales tratados con ablación percutánea con microondas en nuestro servicio,
evaluando los resultados obtenidos mediante los hallazgos en...
Turbulence in a three-dimensional deflagration model for Type Ia supernovae: I. Scaling properties
Creators: name: Ciaraldi-Schoolmann, F.
name: Schmidt, W.
name: Niemeyer, J. C.
name: Roepke, F. K.
name: Hillebrandt, W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the statistical properties of the turbulent velocity field in the deflagration model for Type Ia supernovae. In particular, we consider the question of whether turbulence is isotropic and consistent with the Kolmogorov theory at small length scales. Using numerical data from a high-resolution simulation of a thermonuclear supernova explosion, spectra of the turbulence energy and velocity structure functions are computed. We show that the turbulent velocity field is isotropic at small length scales and follows a scaling law that is consistent with the Kolmogorov theory until most of the nuclear fuel is burned. At length scales greater than a certain characteristic scale, turbulence becomes anisotropic. Here, the radial velocity fluctuations follow the scaling law of the Rayleigh-Taylor instability, whereas the angular component still obeys Kolmogorov scaling. In the late phase of the explosion, this characteristic scale drops below the numerical resolution of the simulation. The analysis confirms that a subgrid-scale model for the unresolved turbulence energy is required for the consistent calculation of the flame speed in deflagration models of Type Ia supernovae, and that the assumption of isotropy on these scales is appropriate.
description: 7 pages with 16 figures, submitted to ApJ
HI and H$_2$ gas evolution over cosmic times: ColdSIM
Creators: name: Maio, U.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present first results of the evolution of cold cosmic gas obtained through a set of state-of-the-art numerical simulations (ColdSIM). We model time-dependent atomic and molecular non-equilibrium chemistry coupled to HI and H$_2$ self-shielding, various UV backgrounds as suggested by the recent literature, H$_2$ dust grain catalysis, photoelectric heating, cosmic-ray heating, as well as hydrodynamics, star formation and feedback effects. By means of such non-equilibrium calculations we are finally able to reproduce the latest HI and H$_2$ observational data. The neutral-gas mass density parameter results around $Ω_{\rm neutral} \!\sim\! 10^{-3}$ and increases from lower to higher redshift ($z$). The molecular-gas mass density parameter shows peak values of $ Ω_{\rm H_2} \! \sim \! 10^{-4}$, while expected H$_2$ fractions can be as high as 50% of the cold gas mass at $ z\!\sim$4-8, in line with the latest high-$z$ measurements. Both observed HI and H$_2$ trends are well reproduced by our non-equilibrium H$_2$-based star formation modelling. H$_2$ depletion times remain below the Hubble time and comparable to the dynamical time at all epochs. These findings suggest that, besides HI, non-equilibrium H$_2$ analyses are key probes for assessing the cold gas and the role of UV background radiation. Abridged.
description: To appear in the Proceedings of the International Conference entitled "mm Universe $@$ NIKA2", Rome (Italy), June 2021, EPJ Web of conferences
Ab initio Quantum Simulation of Strongly Correlated Materials with Quantum Embedding
Creators: name: Cao, Changsu
name: Sun, Jinzhao
name: Yuan, Xiao
name: Hu, Han-Shi
name: Pham, Hung Q.
name: Lv, Dingshun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum computing has shown great potential in various quantum chemical applications such as drug discovery, material design, and catalyst optimization. Although significant progress has been made in quantum simulation of simple molecules, ab initio simulation of solid-state materials on quantum computers is still in its early stage, mostly owing to the fact that the system size quickly becomes prohibitively large when approaching the thermodynamic limit. In this work, we introduce an orbital-based multi-fragment approach on top of the periodic density matrix embedding theory, resulting in a significantly smaller problem size for the current near-term quantum computer. We demonstrate the accuracy and efficiency of our method compared with the conventional methodologies and experiments on solid-state systems with complex electronic structures. These include spin polarized states of a hydrogen chain (1D-H), the equation of states of a boron nitride layer (h-BN) as well as the magnetic ordering in nickel oxide (NiO), a prototypical strongly correlated solid. Our results suggest that quantum embedding combined with a chemically intuitive fragmentation can greatly advance quantum simulation of realistic materials, thereby paving the way for solving important yet classically hard industrial problems on near-term quantum devices.
description: 23 pages, 7 figures, and 3 tables
Identification of fluorescent compounds with non-specific binding property via high throughput live cell microscopy
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2012
Subjects: Animals
Arabidopsis
Cell Line
Cell Survival
Combinatorial Chemistry Techniques
Fluorescent Dyes
Humans
Ligands
Mice
Microscopy
Small Molecule Libraries

description: Introduction: Compounds exhibiting low non-specific intracellular binding or non-stickiness are concomitant with rapid clearing and in high demand for live-cell imaging assays because they allow for intracellular receptor localization with a high signal/noise ratio. The non-stickiness property is particularly important for imaging intracellular receptors due to the equilibria involved. Method: Three mammalian cell lines with diverse genetic backgrounds were used to screen a combinatorial fluorescence library via high throughput live cell microscopy for potential ligands with high in- and out-flux properties. The binding properties of ligands identified from the first screen were subsequently validated on plant root hair. A correlative analysis was then performed between each ligand and its corresponding physiochemical and structural properties. Results: The non-stickiness property of each ligand was quantified as a function of the temporal uptake and retention on a cell-by-cell basis. Our data shows that (i) mammalian systems can serve as a pre-screening tool for complex plant species that are not amenable to high-throughput imaging; (ii) retention and spatial localization of chemical compounds vary within and between each cell line; and (iii) the structural similarities of compounds can infer their non-specific binding properties. Conclusion: We have validated a protocol for identifying chemical compounds with non-specific binding properties that is testable across diverse species. Further analysis reveals an overlap between the non-stickiness property and the structural similarity of compounds. The net result is a more robust screening assay for identifying desirable ligands that can be used to monitor intracellular localization. Several new applications of the screening protocol and results are also presented. © 2012 Nath et al.
title: La punta del peñasco: La pirámide diagnóstica del hueso temporal
Creators: name: díaz castella, Josep maria
Publisher: name: Sociedad Española de Radiología Médica
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: CT
subject: MR
subject: Neuroradiology brain
subject: Head and neck

description: Objetivo docente
Revisión del tema
Conclusiones
Bibliografía
description: Objetivo docente:
Comprender la anatomía del ápex Petroso y sus relaciones con las estructuras de la base del cráneo y en las fosas craneales media y posterior.
Mostrar el comportamiento de las lesiones radiológicas que se originan en el vértice y/o la afectan...
Non-circular flows in HIghMass galaxies in a test of the late accretion hypothesis
Creators: name: Bisaria, Dhruv
name: Spekkens, Kristine
name: Huang, Shan
name: Hallenbeck, Gregory
name: Haynes, Martha P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present H-alpha velocity maps for the HIghMass galaxies UGC 7899, UGC 8475, UGC 9037 and UGC 9334, obtained with the SITELLE Imaging Fourier Transform Spectrometer on the Canada-France-Hawaii Telescope, to search for kinematic signatures of late gas accretion to explain their large atomic gas reservoirs. The maps for UGC 7899, UGC 9037, and UGC 9334 are amenable to disk wide radial flow searches with the DiskFit algorithm, and those for UGC 7899 and UGC 9037 are also amenable to inner-disk kinematic analyses. We find no evidence for outer disk radial flows down to Vr ~ 20 km/s in UGC 9037 and UGC 9334, but hints of such flows in UGC 7899. Conversely, we find clear signatures of inner (r ~ 5 kpc) noncircularities in UGC 7899 and UGC 9037 that can be modelled as either bisymmetric (which could be produced by a bar) or radial flows. Comparing these models to the structure implied by photometric disk-bulge-bar decompositions, we favour inner radial flows in UGC 7899 and an inner bar in UGC 9037. With hints of outer disk radial flows and an outer disk warp, UGC 7899 is the best candidate for late accretion among the galaxies examined, but additional modelling is required to disentangle potential degeneracies between these signatures in H I and H-alpha velocity maps. Our search provides only weak = constraints on hot-mode accretion models that could explain the unusually high H I content of HIghMass galaxies.
description: 14 pages, 11 figures, published in MNRAS Oct 8th, 2021
Lewis Frieman 2020
Creators: name: Frieman, Catherine
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 210102 Archaeological Science
subject: FOS: History and archaeology
subject: 210105 Archaeology of Europe, the Mediterranean and the Levant
subject: Archaeology

description: Lewis, J. & Frieman, C.J. 2020. A Geophysical Survey of Penadlake Barrows, West Taphouse, Cornwall. Southeast Kernow Archaeological Survey, Report No. 12.
Identification of single spectral lines in large spectroscopic surveys using UMLAUT: an Unsupervised Machine Learning Algorithm based on Unbiased Topology
Creators: name: Baronchelli, I.
name: Scarlata, C. M.
name: Rodriguez-Muñoz, L.
name: Bonato, M.
name: Morselli, L.
name: Vaccari, M.
name: Carraro, R.
name: Barrufet, L.
name: Henry, A.
name: Mehta, V.
name: Rodighiero, G.
name: Baruffolo, A.
name: Bagley, M.
name: Battisti, A.
name: Colbert, J.
name: Dai, Y. S.
name: De Pascale, M.
name: Dickinson, H.
name: Malkan, M.
name: Mancini, C.
name: Rafelski, M.
name: Teplitz, H. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The identification of an emission line is unambiguous when multiple spectral features are clearly visible in the same spectrum. However, in many cases, only one line is detected, making it difficult to correctly determine the redshift. We developed a freely available unsupervised machine-learning algorithm based on unbiased topology (UMLAUT) that can be used in a very wide variety of contexts, including the identification of single emission lines. To this purpose, the algorithm combines different sources of information, such as the apparent magnitude, size and color of the emitting source, and the equivalent width and wavelength of the detected line. In each specific case, the algorithm automatically identifies the most relevant ones (i.e., those able to minimize the dispersion associated with the output parameter). The outputs can be easily integrated into different algorithms, allowing us to combine supervised and unsupervised techniques and increasing the overall accuracy. We tested our software on WISP (WFC3 IR Spectroscopic Parallel) survey data. WISP represents one of the closest existing analogs to the near-IR spectroscopic surveys that are going to be performed by the future Euclid and Roman missions. These missions will investigate the large-scale structure of the universe by surveying a large portion of the extragalactic sky in near-IR slitless spectroscopy, detecting a relevant fraction of single emission lines. In our tests, UMLAUT correctly identifies real lines in 83.2% of the cases. The accuracy is slightly higher (84.4%) when combining our unsupervised approach with a supervised approach we previously developed.
An efficient method for fitting radiation-mediated shocks to gamma-ray burst data: The Kompaneets RMS approximation
Creators: name: Samuelsson, Filip
name: Lundman, Christoffer
name: Ryde, Felix
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Shocks that occur below a gamma-ray burst (GRB) jet photosphere are mediated by radiation. Such radiation-mediated shocks (RMSs) could be responsible for shaping the prompt GRB emission. Although well studied theoretically, RMS models have not yet been fitted to data due to the computational cost of simulating RMSs from first principles. Here, we bridge the gap between theory and observations by developing an approximate method capable of accurately reproducing radiation spectra from mildly relativistic (in the shock frame) or slower RMSs, called the Kompaneets RMS approximation (KRA). The approximation is based on the similarities between thermal Comptonization of radiation and the bulk Comptonization that occurs inside an RMS. We validate the method by comparing simulated KRA radiation spectra to first-principle radiation-hydrodynamics simulations, finding excellent agreement both inside the RMS and in the RMS downstream. The KRA is then applied to a shock scenario inside a GRB jet, allowing for fast and efficient fitting to GRB data. We illustrate the capabilities of the developed method by performing a fit to a non-thermal spectrum in GRB 150314A. The fit allows us to uncover the physical properties of the RMS responsible for the prompt emission, such as the shock speed and the upstream plasma temperature.
description: 17 pages, 6 figures. Manuscript accepted by ApJ
Identità e diaspora attraverso lo specchio doppio del processo traduttivo. La traduzione del romanzo "The Namesake" - "L'omonimo" di J. Lahiri e il doppiaggio del film "The Namesake" - "Il destino nel nome" di M. Nair
Creators: name: Manzin, Ilaria <1983>
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2011
Subjects: L-LIN/12 Lingua e traduzione - Lingua inglese

description: La ricerca si propone come studio teorico e analitico basato sulla traduzione letteraria e audiovisiva del genere diasporico, esemplificato nel romanzo The Namesake – L’omonimo di J. Lahiri e nel film The Namesake – Il destino nel nome di M. Nair. Si sviluppa, quindi, un doppio percorso di analisi, concentrandosi sulla traduzione interlinguistica di due modalità testuali differenti, quella letteraria (il testo narrativo) e quella audiovisiva (in particolare, il doppiaggio). L’approccio teorico è di stampo interdisciplinare, come risulta sempre più imprescindibile nel campo dei Translation Studies: infatti, si cerca di coniugare prospettive di natura più linguistica, quali i Descriptive Translation Studies (in particolare, Toury 1995) e lo sviluppo degli studi sui cosiddetti ‘universali traduttivi’, con approcci di stampo più culturalista, in particolare gli studi sulla traduzione post-coloniali, con le loro riflessioni sui concetti di ‘alterità’ e ‘ibridismo’. Completa il quadro teorico di riferimento una necessaria definizione e descrizione del genere diasporico relativo alla cultura indiana, in rapporto sia al contesto di partenza (statunitense) sia al contesto di arrivo (italiano) per entrambi i testi presi in considerazione. La metodologia scelta per l’indagine è principalmente di natura linguistica, con l’adozione del modello elaborato dallo studioso J. Malone (1988). L’analisi empirica, accompagnata da una serie di riflessioni teoriche e linguistiche specifiche, si concentra su tre aspetti cruciali per entrambe le tipologie testuali, quali: la resa della naturalezza dei dialoghi nel discorso letterario e in quello filmico, la rappresentazione del multiculturalismo e delle varietà linguistiche caratterizzanti i due testi di partenza e i numerosi riferimenti culturo-specifici delle due opere e la loro traduzione in italiano. Si propongono, infine, alcune considerazioni in ottica intersemiotica in relazione alle tre aree individuate, a integrazione dell’indagine in chiave interlinguistica.
Literature Review of the Recent Trends and Applications in various Fuzzy Rule based systems
Creators: name: Varshney, Ayush K.
name: Torra, Vicenç
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Fuzzy rule based systems (FRBSs) is a rule-based system which uses linguistic fuzzy variables as antecedents and consequent to represent human understandable knowledge. They have been applied to various applications and areas throughout the soft computing literature. However, FRBSs suffers from many drawbacks such as uncertainty representation, high number of rules, interpretability loss, high computational time for learning etc. To overcome these issues with FRBSs, there exists many extensions of FRBSs. This paper presents an overview and literature review of recent trends on various types and prominent areas of fuzzy systems (FRBSs) namely genetic fuzzy system (GFS), hierarchical fuzzy system (HFS), neuro fuzzy system (NFS), evolving fuzzy system (eFS), FRBSs for big data, FRBSs for imbalanced data, interpretability in FRBSs and FRBSs which use cluster centroids as fuzzy rules. The review is for years 2010-2021. This paper also highlights important contributions, publication statistics and current trends in the field. The paper also addresses several open research areas which need further attention from the FRBSs research community.
description: 49 pages, Accepted for publication in ijfs
The salmonid myostatin gene family: a novel model for investigating mechanisms that influence duplicate gene fate.
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2012
Subjects: Salmon
Myostatin
Gene duplication
Subfunctionalization

description: Most fishes possess two paralogs for myostatin, a muscle growth inhibitor, while salmonids are presumed to have four: mstn1a, mstn1b, mstn2a and mstn2b, a pseudogene. The mechanisms responsible for preserving these duplicates as well as the depth of mstn2b nonfunctionalization within the family remain unknown. We therefore characterized several genomic clones in order to better define species and gene phylogenies. Gene organization and sequence conservation was particularly evident among paralog groupings and within salmonid subfamilies. All mstn2b sequences included in-frame stop codons, confirming its nonfunctionalization across taxa, although the indels and polymorphisms responsible often differed. For example, the specific indels within the Onchorhynchus tshawytscha and O. nerka genes were remarkably similar and differed equally from other mstn2b orthologs. A phylogenetic analysis weakly established a mstn2b clade including only these species, which coupled with a shared 51 base pair deletion might suggest a history involving hybridization or a shared phylogenetic history. Furthermore, mstn2 introns all lacked conserved splice site motifs, suggesting that the tissue-specific processing of mstn2a transcripts, but not those of mstn2b, is due to alternative cis regulation and is likely a common feature in salmonids. It also suggests that limited transcript processing may have contributed to mstn2b nonfunctionalization. Previous studies revealed divergence within gene promoters while the current studies provide evidence for relaxed or positive selection in some coding sequence lineages. These results together suggest that the salmonid myostatin gene family is a novel resource for investigating mechanisms that regulate duplicate gene fate as paralog specific differences in gene expression, transcript processing and protein structure are all suggestive of active divergence.
Transmission of doughnut light through a bull's eye structure
Creators: name: Wang, Lu-Lu
name: Ren, Xi-Feng
name: Yang, Rui
name: Guo, Guang-Can
name: Guo, Guo-Ping
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We experimentally investigate the extraordinary optical transmission of doughnut light through a bull's eye structure. Since the intensity is vanished in the center of the beam, almost all the energy reaches the circular corrugations (not on the hole), excite surface plasmons which propagate through the hole and reradiate photons. The transmitted energy is about 57 times of the input energy on the hole area. It is also interesting that the transmitted light has a similar spatial shape with the input light although the diameter of the hole is much smaller than the wavelength of light.
description: 3 pages,4 figures
Orbital Dynamics and the Evolution of Planetary Habitability in the AU Mic System
Creators: name: Kane, Stephen R.
name: Foley, Bradford J.
name: Hill, Michelle L.
name: Unterborn, Cayman T.
name: Barclay, Thomas
name: Cale, Bryson
name: Gilbert, Emily A.
name: Plavchan, Peter
name: Wittrock, Justin M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The diversity of planetary systems that have been discovered are revealing the plethora of possible architectures, providing insights into planet formation and evolution. They also increase our understanding of system parameters that may affect planetary habitability, and how such conditions are influenced by initial conditions. The AU~Mic system is unique among known planetary systems in that it is a nearby, young, multi-planet transiting system. Such a young and well characterized system provides an opportunity to study orbital dynamical and habitability studies for planets in the very early stages of their evolution. Here, we calculate the evolution of the Habitable Zone of the system through time, including the pre-main sequence phase that the system currently resides in. We discuss the planetary atmospheric processes occurring for an Earth-mass planet during this transitionary period, and provide calculations of the climate state convergence age for both volatile rich and poor initial conditions. We present results of an orbital dynamical analysis of the AU~Mic system that demonstrate the rapid eccentricity evolution of the known planets, and show that terrestrial planets within the Habitable Zone of the system can retain long-term stability. Finally, we discuss follow-up observation prospects, detectability of possible Habitable Zone planets, and how the AU Mic system may be used as a template for studies of planetary habitability evolution.
description: 17 pages, 10 figures, accepted for publication in the Astronomical Journal
FORMATION OF TOURIST DESTINATIONS BASED ON CULTURAL HERITAGE SITES
Creators: name: Bobomurod Fayziyev
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: This article considers the issues of forming tourist destinations based on cultural heritage sites. The introduction highlights the interrelationship between cultural heritage and tourism, as well as the relevance of conducting research in this area. The methodology section describes the methods used in the study - approaches such as literature analysis, comparison, study of statistical indicators and observation. The results section analyzes the main positive and negative aspects of tourist destinations based on cultural heritage sites, as well as problems arising in the development of the sector. The discussion discusses the solutions to these problems and the advantages of the proposed approaches. The conclusion section provides specific recommendations for further developing the potential of the tourism industry through the study and rational use of cultural heritage sites.
Three-wave mixing traveling-wave parametric amplifier with periodic variation of the circuit parameters
Creators: name: Roudsari, Anita Fadavi
name: Shiri, Daryoush
name: Nilsson, Hampus Renberg
name: Tancredi, Giovanna
name: Osman, Amr
name: Svensson, Ida-Maria
name: Kudra, Marina
name: Rommel, Marcus
name: Bylander, Jonas
name: Shumeiko, Vitaly
name: Delsing, Per
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the implementation of a near-quantum-limited, traveling-wave parametric amplifier that uses three-wave mixing (3WM). To favor amplification by 3WM, we use the superconducting nonlinear asymmetric inductive element (SNAIL) loops, biased with a dc magnetic flux. In addition, we equip the device with dispersion engineering features to create a stop-band at the second harmonic of the pump and suppress the propagation of the higher harmonics that otherwise degrade the amplification. With a chain of 440 SNAILs, the amplifier provides up to 20 dB gain and a 3-dB bandwidth of 1 GHz. The added noise by the amplifier is found to be less than one photon.
description: 6 pages, 6 figures
Psychosocial Characteristics and Gestational Weight Change among Overweight, African American Pregnant Women
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2012
Subjects: 1701 Psychology
Clinical
Clinical Medicine and Science
Basic Behavioral and Social Science
Depression
Pediatric
Eating Disorders
Clinical Research
Obesity
Nutrition
Perinatal Period - Conditions Originating in Perinatal Period
Behavioral and Social Science
Mental Health

description: Objectives. To describe psychosocial factors identified as contributors of weight gain in the general population and to examine the relationship between these factors and gestational weight gain among low socioeconomic status, African American, overweight pregnant women.Methods. African American women (n=120) with a pregravid body mass index≥25 kg/m2completed measures of eating, sleep, and depressed mood between 14 and 24 weeks of gestation. Weight was tracked. Descriptive statistics, correlations, and linear regression modeling were used to characterize the sample and examine predictors of gestational weight gain.Results. Four percent screened positive for night eating syndrome, with 32% consuming at least 25% of their daily caloric intake after dinner (evening hyperphagia). None met criteria for binge eating disorder; 4% reported occasional binge episodes. Cognitive restraint over eating was low. Participants slept 7.1 (SD=1.9) h per night and reported 4.3 (SD=3.6) awakenings per week; 18% reported some level of depressed mood. Night and binge eating were related to each other, sleep quality, and depressed mood. Eating due to cravings was the only psychosocial variable to predict gestational weight gain.Conclusions. Depressed mood, night eating, and nighttime awakenings were common in this cohort, while cognitive restraint over eating was low. Most psychosocial variables were not predictive of excess gestational weight gain.
ESO 137-002: a large spiral undergoing edge-on ram-pressure stripping with little star formation in the tail
Creators: name: Laudari, Sunil
name: Jáchym, Pavel
name: Sun, Ming
name: Waldron, Will
name: Chatzikos, Marios
name: Kenney, Jeffrey
name: Luo, Rongxin
name: Nulsen, Paul
name: Sarazin, Craig
name: Combes, Françoise
name: Edge, Tim
name: Voit, G. Mark
name: Donahue, Megan
name: Cortese, Luca
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Ram pressure stripping (RPS) is an important mechanism for galaxy evolution. In this work, we present results from HST and APEX observations of one RPS galaxy, ESO 137-002 in the closest rich cluster Abell 3627. The galaxy is known to host prominent X-ray and H$α$ tails. The HST data reveal significant features indicative of RPS in the galaxy, including asymmetric distribution of dust in the galaxy, dust filaments and dust clouds in ablation generally aligned with the direction of ram pressure, and young star clusters immediately upstream of the residual dust clouds that suggest star formation (SF) triggered by RPS. The distribution of the molecular gas is asymmetric in the galaxy, with no CO upstream and abundant CO downstream and in the inner tail region. A total amount of $\sim 5.5 \times 10^{9}$ M$_\odot$ of molecular gas is detected in the galaxy and its tail. On the other hand, we do not detect any active SF in the X-ray and H$α$ tails of ESO 137-002 with the HST data and place a limit on the SF efficiency in the tail. Hence, if selected by SF behind the galaxy in the optical or UV (e.g., surveys like GASP or using the Galex data), ESO 137-002 will not be considered a ``jellyfish'' galaxy. Thus, galaxies like ESO 137-002 are important for our comprehensive understanding of RPS galaxies and the evolution of the stripped material. ESO 137-002 also presents a great example of an edge-on galaxy experiencing a nearly edge-on RPS wind.
description: 19 pages, 16 figures, 5 tables, MNRAS, re-submitted
Modelli affidabilistico-diagnostici per i componenti delle reti elettriche
Creators: name: Passarelli, Gaetano <1968>
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2008
Subjects: ING-IND/33 Sistemi elettrici per l'energia

description: L’oggetto della presente dissertazione è inerente aspetti affidabilistici e diagnostici dei componenti delle reti elettriche. Sono stati condotti studi sul ruolo svolto dai parametri presenti nei modelli affidabilistici utilizzati in presenza di regimi distorti. I risultati ottenuti nel corso della ricerca, indicano chiaramente come anche il fattore efficace Krms e, soprattutto, il fattore di forma, Kf, sotto certe condizioni, possano avere effetti considerevoli sulla degradazione degli isolanti (a volte con contributi perfino maggiori di quello dato dal ben noto fattore di picco, Kp, considerato predominante).
Viene inoltre riportata un’indagine sviluppata sui principali Dispositivi Automatizzati per il Controllo degli Isolamenti (AIMS), attualmente disponibili sul mercato.
Sono illustrati e discussi innovativi modelli di rischio integrati, sviluppati per integrare informazioni fornite dall’analisi affidabilistica tradizionale con misure di proprietà diagnostiche, acquisite grazie ad un monitoraggio costante dei componenti in servizio. L’impiego di tali modelli permetterebbe di ottenere una manutenzione di tipo affidabilistico-diagnostico, basata sull’effettiva condizione del componente in esame (manutenzione tipo CBM), piuttosto che su scadenze temporali fissate a priori (manutenzione di tipo TBM).
The peripheral vascular effects and supraspinal control of a spinal cardiovascular reflex
Creators: name: Szeto, Peter Ming
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: It has been reported that a mechanical stretch of the walls of the thoracic aorta without obstruction of aortic blood flow induced significant increases in arterial blood pressure, heart rate and cardiac contractility (indicated by LV dP/dt max), and that these reflex hemodynamic changes were present in both intact and spinal cats (Lioy et al, 1974). We decided therefore to study (1) the relative contribution of the external iliac, the superior mesenteric and the renal vascular beds to the pressor response of this spinal thoracic: aorta reflex (TAR), and (2) the effects of the carotid baroreceptor and chemoreceptor reflexes on the TAR pressor response. Experiments were carried out in adult cats with intact brain-stem and anesthetized with chloralose-urethan. The cervical vagi were cut and the common carotids were occluded or the carotid sinuses denervated. The animals were artifically ventilated and the blood gases and pH were kept within physiological limits. (1) By measuring blood flows in the external iliac, superior mesenteric and renal arteries using ultrasonic Doppler flowmeters, we found that aortic stretch (AS) induced, in all the vascular beds a vasoconstriction which could be prevented by the administration of an alpha-adrenergic blocker (phenoxybenzamine). The increase in vascular resistance was most marked in the superior mesenteric bed, and least in the renal bed. The latter maintained a constant flow in the presence of a higher perfusion pressure, probably because of autoregulation. After alpha-adrenergic blockade, the external iliac vasoconstriction was reversed to vasodilatation that could be blocked by atropine. The possibility that AS reflexly activates the sympathetic cholinergic vasodilator system is suggested. (2) The baroreceptor and chemoreceptor reflexes were activated by stimulating the carotid sinus nerve or by perfusing the sinus. We found that both these supraspinal reflexes inhibit but do not abolish the pressor effects of the TAR. The possible mechanisms of these inhibitions and the implications of these results on the nervous control of circulation are discussed.
Optical polarization based logic functions (XOR or XNOR) with nonlinear Gallium nitride nanoslab
Creators: name: Bovino, F. A.
name: Larciprete, M. C.
name: Giardina, M.
name: Belardini, A.
name: Sibilia, C.
name: Bertolotti, M.
name: Passaseo, A.
name: Tasco, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a scheme of XOR/XNOR logic gate, based on non phase-matched noncollinear second harmonic generation from a medium of suitable crystalline symmetry, Gallium nitride. The polarization of the noncollinear generated beam is a function of the polarization of both pump beams, thus we experimentally investigated all possible polarization combinations, evidencing that only some of them are allowed and that the nonlinear interaction of optical signals behaves as a polarization based XOR. The experimental results show the peculiarity of the nonlinear optical response associated with noncollinear excitation, and are explained using the expression for the effective second order optical nonlinearity in noncollinear scheme.
Properties of mechano-transduction via simulated microgravity and its effects on intracellular trafficking of VEGFR's
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2012
Subjects: Thrombopoietin
VEGFR's
CD34+
CD45

description: This study emphasizes the dynamical properties of mechanical loading via simulated microgravity, its effect on acute myeloid leukemia proliferation and hematopoietic stem cell (HSPC) growth and its implications in the area of tissue regeneration. Data presented illustrates that mechanical transduction changes the expression of humoral factors by facilitating paracrine/autocrine signalling, therefore modulating intracellular trafficking of tyrosine kinase receptors. Understanding mechano-transduction in the context of cell and tissue morphogenesis is the major focus of this study. The effects of external physiological stresses, such as blood flow, on several cellular subtypes seem to produce very intricate cellular responses. It is well accepted that mechanical loading plays an intrinsic and extrinsic influence on cell survival. This study shows how microgravity effects hematopoietic stem cells, and human leukemic cell proliferation and expression of its receptors that control cell survival, such as the tyrosine kinase vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-1, receptor-2 and receptor-3. © Puca et al.
MPEC 2024-S155 : 2024 SD4
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2024 SD4

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
title: Overlapping but Language-Specific Mechanisms in Morphosyntactic Processing in Highly Competent L2 Acquired at School Entry: fMRI Evidence From an Alternating Language Switching Task
Creators: name: Meykadeh, Azam
name: Golfam, Arsalan
name: Batouli, Seyed Amir Hossein
name: Sommer, Werner
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: bilingualism
subject: left pSTG
subject: left pars opercularis
subject: morphosyntax
subject: switch cost asymmetry
subject: Persian
subject: Turkish
subject: fMRI
subject: 610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: This article was supported by the German Research Foundation (DFG) and the Open Access Publication Fund of Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin.
description: Many bilingual individuals acquire their second language when entering primary school; however, very few studies have investigated morphosyntax processing in this population. Combining a whole-brain and region of interest (ROI)-based approach, we studied event-related fMRI during morphosyntactic processing, specifically person-number phi-features, in Turkish (L1) and Persian (L2) by highly proficient bilinguals who learned Persian at school entry. In a design with alternating language switching and pseudorandomized grammaticality conditions, two left-lateralized syntax-specific ROIs and 11 bilateral ROIs involved in executive functions (EF) were analyzed for the intensity of activation relative to a resting baseline. Our findings indicate a strong overlap of neural networks for L1 and L2, suggesting structural similarities of neuroanatomical organization. In all ROIs morphosyntactic processing invoked stronger activation in L1 than in L2. This may be a consequence of symmetrical switch costs in the alternating design used here, where the need for suppressing the non-required language is stronger for the dominant L1 when it is non-required as compared to the non-dominant L2, leading to a stronger rebound for L1 than L2 when the language is required. Both L1 and L2 revealed significant activation in syntax-specific areas in left hemisphere clusters and increased activation in EF-specific areas in right-hemisphere than left-hemisphere clusters, confirming syntax-specific functions of the left hemisphere, whereas the right hemisphere appears to subserve control functions required for switching languages. While previous reports indicate a leftward bias in planum temporale activation during auditory and linguistic processing, the present study shows the activation of the right planum temporale indicating its involvement in auditory attention. More pronounced grammaticality effect in left pars opercularis for L1 and in left pSTG for L2 indicate differences in the processing of morphosyntactic information in these brain regions. Nevertheless, the activation of pars opercularis and pSTG emphasize the centrality of these regions in the processing of person-number phi-features. Taken together, the present results confirm that morphosyntactic processing in bilinguals relates to composite, syntax-sensitive and EF-sensitive mechanisms in which some nodes of the language network are differentially involved.
Highly efficient and indistinguishable single-photon sources via phonon-decoupled two-color excitation
Creators: name: Vannucci, Luca
name: Gregersen, Niels
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Single-photon sources with near-unity efficiency and indistinguishability play a major role in the development of quantum technologies. However, on-demand excitation of the emitter imposes substantial limitations to the source performance. Here, we show that coherent two-color pumping allows for population inversion arbitrarily close to unity in bulk quantum dots thanks to a decoupling effect between the emitter and its phonon bath. Driving a micropillar single-photon source with this scheme, we calculate very high photon emission into the cavity mode (0.95 photons per pulse) together with excellent indistinguishability (0.975) in a realistic configuration, thereby removing the limitations imposed by the excitation scheme on single-photon source engineering.
description: Replacement of a previous version entitled "Phonon-decoupled di-chromatic pumping scheme for highly efficient and indistinguishable single-photon sources"