cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The positive and negative consequences of stress and its relationship with coping in medical students: A qualitative study
Creators: name: Manley, Amy Elizabeth
name: Biddle, Lucy
name: Savović, Jelena
name: Moran, Paul
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: Medicine
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Science Policy
Mental Health

description: Rates of mental health problems among medical students have prompted efforts to reduce stress during medical training. However, stress can be motivating and is a feature of clinical work. This qualitative study explores what makes an experience stressful, and how medical students respond to such experiences. In-depth interviews were conducted with a purposive sample of 15 medical students. Experiences were distressing when they threatened students’ self-perception, goals or coping mechanisms, or when they reminded the student of distressing past events. Moderate stress was motivating and could build resilience. Students selected coping mechanisms based on their availability, acceptability, likely outcome and their previous experience of using these mechanisms. Social support, extra-curricular activities and exercise were helpful. High levels of distress, poor self-esteem and course factors, including remote placements, impaired engagement with coping strategies. Perception of stressors as being insurmountable or beyond one’s control, led to increasing distress and the adoption of avoidant coping strategies. University strategies need to consider the beneficial effects of stress and seek to bolster coping resources as well as minimising unnecessary sources of stress.
Thermodyamic bounds on Drude weights in terms of almost-conserved quantities
Creators: name: Ilievski, Enej
name: Prosen, Tomaz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider one-dimensional translationally invariant quantum spin (or fermionic) lattices and prove a Mazur-type inequality bounding the time-averaged thermodynamic limit of a finite-temperature expectation of a spatio-temporal autocorrelation function of a local observable in terms of quasi-local conservation laws with open boundary conditions. Namely, the commutator between the Hamiltonian and the conservation law of a finite chain may result in boundary terms only. No reference to techniques used in Suzuki's proof of Mazur bound is made (which strictly applies only to finite-size systems with exact conservation laws), but Lieb-Robinson bounds and exponential clustering theorems of quasi-local C^* quantum spin algebras are invoked instead. Our result has an important application in the transport theory of quantum spin chains, in particular it provides rigorous non-trivial examples of positive finite-temperature spin Drude weight in the anisotropic Heisenberg XXZ spin 1/2 chain [Phys. Rev. Lett. 106, 217206 (2011)].
description: version as accepted by Communications in Mathematical Physics (22 pages with 2 pdf-figures)
Additional file 1 of Comparative efficacy of different treatments for menstrual migraine: a systematic review and network meta-analysis
Creators: name: Zhang, Han
name: Qi, Jian-Zhi
name: Zhang, Zhi-Hua
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Medicine
Pharmacology
Biotechnology
Cancer
Science Policy

description: Additional file 1.
Optimal adaptive control of cascading power grid failures
Creators: name: Bienstock, Daniel
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2010
Subjects: Electrical engineering

description: Power grids have long been a source of interesting optimization problems. Perhaps best known among the optimization community are the unit commitment problems and related generator dispatching tasks. However, recent blackout events have renewed interest on problems related to grid vulnerabilities. A difficult problem that has been widely studied, the N-K problem, concerns the detection of small cardinality sets of lines or buses whose simultaneous outage could develop into a significant failure event. This is a hard combinatorial problem which, unlike the typical formulations for the unit commitment problem, includes a detailed model of flows in the grid. A different set of algorithmic questions concern how to react to protect a grid when a significant event has taken place. This is the outlook that we take in this paper. In this context, the central modeling ingredient is that power grids display cascading behavior. In this paper, building on prior models for cascades, we consider an affine, adaptive, distributive control algorithm that is computed at the start of the cascade and deployed during the cascade. The control sheds demand as a function of observations of the state of the grid, with the objective of terminating the cascade with a minimum amount of demand lost. The optimization problem handled at the start of the cascade computes the coefficients in the affine control (one set of coefficients per demand bus). We present numerical experiments with parallel implementations of our algorithms, using as data a snapshot of the U.S. Eastern Interconnect, with approximately 15000 buses and 23000 lines.
title: Great Britain Ministry of Information - Daily Press Notices and Bulletins (1944-03-18)
Creators: name: Great Britain. Ministry Of Information.
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 1944
Subjects: subject: World War, 1939-1945 – Social aspects
subject: World War, 1939-1945 -- History
subject: World War II
subject: Second World War
subject: World War Two
subject: Great Britain

description: From the UK National Archives: http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/theartofwar/inf3.htm “Formed on September 4th 1939, the day after Britain’s declaration of war, the Ministry of Information (MOI) was the central government department responsible for publicity and propaganda in the Second World War. The initial functions of the MOI were threefold: news and press censorship; home publicity; and oversees publicity in Allied and neutral countries”. This collection contains Press Notices and Bulletins published by the MOI between 1939-1945. The Press Notices and Bulletins are among many publications and films issued by the agency during the war.
On Fourier integral transforms for $q$-Fibonacci and $q$-Lucas polynomials
Creators: name: Atakishiyev, Natig
name: Franco, Pedro
name: Levi, Decio
name: Ragnisco, Orlando
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 33D45, 39A70, 47B39 33D45, 39A70, 47B39

description: We study in detail two families of $q$-Fibonacci polynomials and $q$-Lucas polynomials, which are defined by non-conventional three-term recurrences. They were recently introduced by Cigler and have been then employed by Cigler and Zeng to construct novel $q$-extensions of classical Hermite polynomials. We show that both of these $q$-polynomial families exhibit simple transformation properties with respect to the classical Fourier integral transform.
Alvinocaris leurokolos Kikuchi & Hashimoto 2000
Creators: name: Martin, Joel W.
name: Haney, Todd A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2005
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Malacostraca
Decapoda
Alvinocarididae
Alvinocaris
Alvinocaris leurokolos

description: ALVINOCARIS LEUROKOLOS KIKUCHI & HASHIMOTO, 2000 Type locality: western Pacific Ocean, Mid-Okinawa Trough, 140 km W of Amami-Ohshima Island, Minami-Ensei Knoll, Depression C; 28°23.35′N, 127°38.38′E; 705 m. Known range: limited to the type locality. Material: type locality; Marine Ecosystems Research Department, JMSTC, Shinkai 2000 dive 549; 5 June 1991; hydraulically driven suction sampler; NSMT-Cr 12457 (holotype, female), NSMT-Cr 12458 (allotype, male), NSMT-Cr 12459 (paratypes, 2 males and 2 females), non-types, 5 males, 39 females, 12 juveniles (Kikuchi & Hashimoto, 2000). Remarks: T. Komai (pers. comm.) has indicated to us that A. leurokolos differs from other species of Alvinocaris to the extent that it warrants placement in its own genus (Shinkaicaris); this transfer was recently published by Komai & Segonzac, (2005a).
description: Published as part of Martin, Joel W. & Haney, Todd A., 2005, Decapod crustaceans from hydrothermal vents and cold seeps: a review through 2005, pp. 445-522 in Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 145 (4) on pages 459-460, DOI: 10.1111/j.1096-3642.2005.00178.x, http://zenodo.org/record/5434828
description: {"references": ["Kikuchi T, Hashimoto J. 2000. Two new caridean shrimps of the family Alvinocarididae (Crustacea, Decapoda) from a hydrothermal vent field at the Minami- Ensei Knoll in the Mid-Okinawa Trough, Japan. Species Diversity 5: 135 - 148."]}
Decision Science Perspectives on Hurricane Vulnerability: Evidence from the 2010–2012 Atlantic Hurricane Seasons
Creators: name: Milch, Kerry A.
name: Broad, Kenneth
name: Orlove, Ben
name: Meyer, Robert
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2018
Subjects: Hurricanes
Hurricanes--Safety measures
Emergency management
Decision making

description: Although the field has seen great advances in hurricane prediction and response, the economic toll from hurricanes on U.S. communities continues to rise. We present data from Hurricanes Earl (2010), Irene (2011), Isaac (2012), and Sandy (2012) to show that individual and household decisions contribute to this vulnerability. From phone surveys of residents in communities threatened by impending hurricanes, we identify five decision biases or obstacles that interfere with residents’ ability to protect themselves and minimize property damage: (1) temporal and spatial myopia, (2) poor mental models of storm risk, (3) gaps between objective and subjective probability estimates, (4) prior storm experience, and (5) social factors. We then discuss ways to encourage better decision making and reduce the economic and emotional impacts of hurricanes, using tools such as decision defaults (requiring residents to opt out of precautions rather than opt in) and tailoring internet-based forecast information so that it is local, specific, and emphasizes impacts rather than probability.
A magyar sportpolitika legfőbb jellemzői, intézkedései 1945-től kezdődően a rendszerváltásig és napjainkig, különös tekintettel a labdarúgás sportágára
Creators: name: Rábai, Dávid
Publisher: name: Debreceni Egyetem
Year: 2018

description: Különleges Bánásmód, vol. 4. issue 1. ISSN 2498-5368
The Gribov problem and QCD dynamics
Creators: name: Vandersickel, N.
name: Zwanziger, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In 1967, Faddeev and Popov were able to quantize the Yang-Mills theory by introducing new particles called ghost through the introduction of a gauge. Ever since, this quantization has become a standard textbook item. Some years later, Gribov discovered that the gauge fixing was not complete, gauge copies called Gribov copies were still present and could affect the infrared region of quantities like the gauge dependent gluon and ghost propagator. This feature was often in literature related to confinement. Some years later, the semi-classical approach of Gribov was generalized to all orders and the so-called GZ action was born. Ever since, many related articles were published. This review tends to give a pedagogic review of the ideas of Gribov and the subsequent construction of the GZ action, including many other toipics related to the Gribov region. It is shown how the GZ action can be viewed as a non-perturbative tool which has relations with other approaches towards confinement. Many different features related to the GZ action shall be discussed in detail, such as BRST breaking, the KO criterion, the propagators, etc. We shall also compare with the lattice data and other non-perturbative approaches, including stochastic quantization.
description: 121 pages, 12 figures, Review article, references added
Additional file 2 of Comparative efficacy of different treatments for menstrual migraine: a systematic review and network meta-analysis
Creators: name: Zhang, Han
name: Qi, Jian-Zhi
name: Zhang, Zhi-Hua
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Medicine
Pharmacology
Biotechnology
Cancer
Science Policy

description: Additional file 2.
Procecidochares utilis Stone
Creators: name: Singh, Maneesh Pal
name: Prabhakar, Chandra Shekhar
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Tephritidae
Procecidochares
Procecidochares utilis

description: Procecidochares utilis Stone (Figure 3)
Procecidochares utilis Stone, 1947: 97. Type locality Mexico.
This species was well described along with genital characters by Hardy and Drew (1996). It is a small (3.89 mm) black species with white coarse setulae. Flagellum reddish brown, shorter than face, broad, flat, dorsoapically pubescent and arista lightly plumose. Three frontal setae, 1 orbital, 2 vertical, postocellar and postocular stubby white. Face yellowish white. Scutum shiny black, covered in white setulae, scutellum convex and broader than long. Full complement of thoracic setae. All femora black and tibiae reddish brown. Wing (3.88 mm) hyaline with 3 brownish bands (fig. 3C) and haltere apically black. Abdomen black, setulose with white setulae and oviscape black. Genitalia not dissected.
Host: Ageratina sp. (Asteraceae).
Material examined: 3 ♀, ex Ageratina sp., INDIA, Himachal Pradesh, Shimla, Summer hills. 13.viii.2024, Maneesh Leg. Specimens are with the first author.
Remark: Procecidochares utilis is an introduced fruit fly in India, previously recorded from southern India (Agarwal and Sueyoshi, 2005) and possibly spread throughout the country, but no documented records of its occurrence at higher altitudes were found in literature. Other Tephritinae species were recorded from high altitudes in India by Maneesh et al. (2023, 2024) and the Himalayan fauna is still imperfectly known.
description: Published as part of Singh, Maneesh Pal & Prabhakar, Chandra Shekhar, 2025, A new species of Pristaciura Hendel (Diptera: Tephritidae: Tephritinae: Tephrellini) and new distribution record of Procecidochares utilis Stone from Himalayas, pp. 588-594 in Zootaxa 5604 (4) on page 593, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5604.4.10, http://zenodo.org/record/15213953
Globalization and the provision of incentives inside the firm : the effect of foreign competition
Creators: name: Cuñat, Vicente
name: Guadalupe, Maria
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2006
Subjects: Incentives in industry
Incentive awards
Executives--Salaries, etc.
Globalization--Economic aspects
Wages
Labor turnover
Promotions
Globalization

description: This paper studies the effect of changes in foreign competition on the incentives faced by U.S. managers in the form of wage structures, promotion profiles, and job turnover. We use a panel of executives and measure foreign competition as import penetration. Using tariffs and exchange rates as instrumental variables, we estimate the causal effect of globalization on the labor market outcomes of these workers. We find that higher foreign competition leads to more incentive provision in a variety of ways. First, it increases the sensitivity of pay to performance. Second, it raises the return to a promotion and increases pay inequality among the top executives of the firm, with CEOs typically experiencing wage increases while lower-ranking executives see their wages fall. Third, higher competition is associated with a higher probability of leaving the firm. Finally, we show that higher foreign competition also is associated with a higher demand for talent at the top of the firm. These results indicate that increased foreign competition can explain some of the recent trends in compensation structures.
“I realized I was not alone”: A mixed-methods investigation of the implementation of Ubuntu groups to reduce burnout and social isolation in an allopathic medical School in the Southeastern United States
Creators: name: Burt-Miller, Joel F.
name: Rismani, Mina
name: Hopkins, Alexis
name: Cunningham, Taylor
name: Farquharson, Daniel
name: Balcázar, Ana Gabriela
name: Chosed, Renee J.
name: McPhail, Brooks
name: Green, Lisa
name: Gordon, Melanie C.
name: Kennedy, Ann Blair
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Healthcare providers experience higher rates of workplace burnout, a reality highlighted by the COVID-19 pandemic. In response, small groups, inspired by South African philosophy, Ubuntu, were introduced to decrease burnout and social isolation and build community and belonging. This study examines how participation in these groups can impact these measures. In this mixed-methods study, trained facilitators led small groups that utilized story-sharing to foster connections within the group and broader community. Quantitative and qualitative data were analyzed separately and merged to identify convergence. Three main qualitative themes emerged: 1) seeking and building connections and community, 2) curiosity, learning, and growing, and 3) open-hearted and thriving. These themes were linked to quantitative outcomes, showing a statistically significant decrease in social isolation among staff/faculty and students. Furthermore, faculty/staff exhibited reduced burnout compared to students, while students reported increased feelings of belonging. Participation in Ubuntu groups positively influenced students’ sense of belonging, reduced faculty/staff burnout, and alleviated social isolation for all participants. Future research should explore the potential of this intervention to further promote wellness on medical campuses. Programs emphasizing the well-being of individuals, including faculty, staff, and students, are crucial for supporting the overall health of medical communities and the wider society.
Glyphocrangon granulosis Spence Bate 1888
Creators: name: Martin, Joel W.
name: Haney, Todd A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2005
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Malacostraca
Decapoda
Glyphocrangonidae
Glyphocrangon
Glyphocrangon granulosis

description: GLYPHOCRANGON CF. GRANULOSIS BATE, 1888 Type locality: western Bismarck Sea; 02°33′S, 144°04′E; 1957 m. Known range: tropical western Pacific Ocean from Bismarck Sea to Indonesia and the Philippines, with the record of Watabe & Miyake (2000), if correct, extending the range northward to the Okinawa Trough. Occurrence at vents or seeps: Hatoma Knoll, Okinawa Trough (see below). Material: As far as we are aware, no material has been collected. Remarks: Watabe & Miyake (2000: 32) reported this species from the Hatoma Knoll in the Okinawa Trough. However, the authors indicated that the shrimp were observed in areas of the site not directly influenced by hydrothermal activity. A recent study by Komai has restricted Glyphocrangon granulosis to only the female holotype (from off New Guinea); subsequent records of ‘ G. granulosis ’ (e.g. Chace, 1984) have been referred to a separate and newly identified species, Glyphocrangon major Komai, 2004 (Komai, 2004, and T. Komai, pers. comm.). Thus, the Hatoma Knoll species is in all likelihood not true G. granulosis, and its true identity is not known.
description: Published as part of Martin, Joel W. & Haney, Todd A., 2005, Decapod crustaceans from hydrothermal vents and cold seeps: a review through 2005, pp. 445-522 in Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 145 (4) on pages 469-470, DOI: 10.1111/j.1096-3642.2005.00178.x, http://zenodo.org/record/5434828
description: {"references": ["Bate CS. 1888. Report on the Crustacea Macroura collected by the Challenger during the years 1873 - 76. Report on the Scientific Results of the Voyage of H. M. S. Challenger during the years 1873 - 76, 24: i - xc, 1 - 942.", "Watabe H, Miyake H. 2000. Decapod fauna of the hydrothermally active and adjacent fields on the Hatoma Knoll, southern Japan. JAMSTEC Journal of Deep Sea Research 17: 29 - 34 [in Japanese with English summary].", "Chace FA Jr. 1984. The caridean shrimps (Crustacea: Decapoda) of the Albatross Philippine Expedition, 1907 - 1910, part 2: families Glyphocrangonidae and Crangonidae. Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology 397: 1 - 63."]}
The Texas Controversy Over the Cervical Cancer Vaccine
Creators: name: Charles, Abigail S.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2010
Subjects: Public health

description: When GARDASIL, a vaccine protecting against the Human Papillomavirus (HPV), was approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration in June 2006, it sparked political and social debate among legislatures as well as advocacy groups. By drafting and submitting legislation for the mandatory vaccination against HPV for middle school girls in Texas on November 14th 2006, Representative Jessica Farrar (D-Houston) officially began the legislative process in the Texas House of Representatives. In response, tension and protest among political conservatives, religious advocacy groups, parental rights groups, as well as Merck — the pharmaceutical company responsible for the development and sale of the drug — ensued. Proponents championed the pro-life capabilities while opposition groups questioned the drugs alleged safety despite the findings in studies conducted by Merck. The pharmaceutical giant's modus operandi of lobbying states to implement the use of its drug raised suspicion, as well as, the disclosed and undisclosed cash disbursements to interest groups and politicians. The issuance of the Executive Order by Governor Rick Perry of Texas to pilot state monies toward the purchase and administration of GARDASIL, proved only to intensify the already volatile situation. This method bypassed the normal legislative process, raising questions about the infringement on the democratic process. Inevitably, as the quagmire between social responsibility and political ideologies unfolds, the options for reaching a consensus may prove to be limited. Yet, as competing opponents and proponents strive to make their interests heard, their demands will not cease until a compromise is reached.
The formation of CDM haloes I: Collapse thresholds and the ellipsoidal collapse model
Creators: name: Ludlow, Aaron D.
name: Borzyszkowski, Mikolaj
name: Porciani, Cristiano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the excursion set approach to structure formation initially spherical regions of the linear density field collapse to form haloes of mass $M$ at redshift $z_{\rm id}$ if their linearly extrapolated density contrast, averaged on that scale, exceeds some critical threshold, $δ_{\rm c}(z_{\rm id})$. The value of $δ_{\rm c}(z_{\rm id})$ is often calculated from the spherical or ellipsoidal collapse model, which provide well-defined predictions given auxiliary properties of the tidal field at a given location. We use two cosmological simulations of structure growth in a $Λ$ cold dark matter scenario to quantify $δ_{\rm c}(z_{\rm id})$, its dependence on the surrounding tidal field, as well as on the shapes of the Lagrangian regions that collapse to form haloes at $z_{\rm id}$. Our results indicate that the ellipsoidal collapse model provides an accurate description of the mean dependence of $δ_{\rm c}(z_{\rm id})$ on both the strength of the tidal field and on halo mass. However, for a given $z_{\rm id}$, $δ_{\rm c}(z_{\rm id})$ depends strongly on the halo's characteristic formation redshift: the earlier a halo forms, the higher its initial density contrast. Surprisingly, the majority of haloes forming $today$ fall below the ellipsoidal collapse barrier, contradicting the model predictions. We trace the origin of this effect to the non-spherical shapes of Lagrangian haloes, which arise naturally due to the asymmetry of the linear tidal field. We show that a modified collapse model, that accounts for the triaxial shape of protohaloes, provides a more accurate description of the measured minimum overdensities of recently collapsed objects.
description: MNRAS in press
Hitting the target and missing the point? A BEME systematic review of evidence regarding the efficacy of statutory and mandatory training in health and care: BEME Guide No. 87
Creators: name: Ashley, Helen
name: Gough, Suzanne
name: Darlington, Carol
name: Clark, Justin
name: Mosley, Chiara
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Mandatory training is considered fundamental to establishing and maintaining high standards of professional practice. There is little evidence however, of the training either achieving its required learning outcomes, or delivering improvement in outcomes for patients. Whist organisations may be hitting their compliance target for mandatory training, is the purpose missing the point? This systematic review aims to synthesize and evaluate the efficacy of statutory and mandatory training. PubMed, EMBASE, CNAHL, ERIC and Cochrane Central registers were searched on 23rd May 2023. All research designs were included and reported training had to specify an organisational mandate within a healthcare setting. Data was coded using a modified Kirkpatrick (KP) rating system. Critical appraisal was undertaken using the Modified Medical Education Research Study Quality Instrument, Critical Appraisal Skills Programme Qualitative Studies checklist and Mixed Methods Assessment Tool. Twenty-five studies were included, featuring 9132 participants and 1348 patient cases audited. Studies described evaluation of mandatory training according to Kirkpatrick’s outcomes levels 1–4b, with the majority (68%) undertaken in the UK and within acute settings. Training duration varied from 5 min to 3 days. There is a lack of consensus regarding mandatory training rationale, core topics, duration, and optimum refresher training period. Currently, mandatory training does not consistently translate to widescale improvements in safe practice or improved patient outcomes. Due to the lack of international consensus regarding the need for mandated training, most papers originated from countries with centrally administered national health care systems. The rationale for mandating training programmes remains undefined. The assumption that mandatory training is delivering safe practice outcomes is not supported by studies included in this review. The findings of this review offer a basis for further research to be undertaken to assist with the design, facilitation, and impact of mandatory training.
Interprofessional learning in practice-based settings: AMEE Guide No. 169
Creators: name: Hosny, Somaya
name: Thistlethwaite, Jill
name: El-Wazir, Yasser
name: Gilbert, John
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: Medicine
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Science Policy

description: The provision of optimum health care services requires collaboration of health care professionals in integrated interprofessional (IP) teams. This guide addresses the practical aspects of establishing and delivering pre-licensure IP programs to prepare graduates of health professional programs to work in teams and wider collaboration, and consequently enhance the quality of health care. The main updated IP frameworks are presented to highlight commonalities that represent the essential competencies and outcomes of programs implementing interprofessional education (IPE). We discuss how these may be adapted to the local context, and present examples of models of implementation to guide the initial steps of establishing similar programs. Examples of pre-licensure IP practice-based learning, such as community-based, simulation-based, student-run and led clinics, and interprofessional training wards, and post-licensure interprofessional learning (IPL), are described. We consider assessment of IPL along the continuum of learning IP. This guide also emphasises the need to tailor faculty development programs for local contexts and consider factors affecting sustainability such as funding and accreditation. We finish with the governance of IP programs and how global IP networks may support interprofessional practice-based learning from development to delivery.
The Promises of Algorithmic Copyright Enforcement: Takedown or Staydown? Which Is Superior? And Why?
Creators: name: Husovec, Martin
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Law
subject: FOS: Law
subject: Copyright infringement
subject: Algorithms--Evaluation
subject: Notice (Law)

description: Under the prevailing model of copyright liability for user-generated content, right holders and intermediaries are both involved in the enforcement of exclusive rights on the Internet. While right holders are expected to identify and notify the infringing content that they wish to remove, the intermediaries have to react by assessing the received notices and taking appropriate action, including taking the information “down” from the service in case it is infringing. This “notice and takedown” system, championed by the Digital Millennium Copyright Act, became a model for many countries around the world. However, in the last few years, the right holders have begun to advocate for a fundamental re-design of the system. According to the number of initiatives, some of the right holders would prefer that intermediaries not only take down the notified content but also prevent its re-appearance in the future. This alternative model, often dubbed “notice and staydown,” is currently proposed by the European Commission as part of its upcoming copyright reform. If successful, it will constitute a huge change for the existing global online environment. This article scrutinizes the potential switch from notice and takedown policy (“NTD”) to notice and staydown policy (“NSD”) in order to answer two important questions: (1) What are the (economic) costs and benefits of two policy options and how do they compare? (2) Is NSD really superior in delivering better tools for automation? The overall goal of the paper is to offer general policy guidance for national or regional policymakers currently considering such policy change. This article concludes that algorithmic enforcement is inevitable and, under some conditions, socially desirable. First, high-quality automation of copyright enforcement that produces negligible enforcement errors offers many opportunities for improvement of the status quo and therefore should be embraced and incentivized. Second, to make such automation a reality, we need to push innovation in the right direction by conditioning acceptance of algorithmically generated notices upon their quality. Third, an enhanced notice and takedown framework can promote such automation better than notice and staydown. It provides for stronger market incentives for the development of new filtering technologies and allows area-by-area deployment as the technologies improve. Last, as a consequence, enhanced NTD can become a superior policy option from a social perspective. However, in order to realize these benefits, some changes to the NTD framework are required, too. These could take the form of standardized submission formats or interfaces for robo-notices that come with quality conditions and effective sanctions to enforce them.
title: What should be the role of the RACs in the future: A case study of the Pelagic RAC - Lessons learnt and future directions1
Creators: name: Coers, Aukje
name: Raakjær, Jesper
name: Olesen, Christian
Publisher: name: ASC 2009 - Theme session R
Year: 2024
Subjects: Fisheries and aquaculture
Pressures, impacts, conservation, and management

description: No abstracts are to be cited without prior reference to the author.Regional Advisory Councils were as part of the 2002 reform of the Common Fisheries Policy (CFP) introduced to increase stakeholder participation in fisheries management in the EU. In the up-coming reform of the CFP the role of the RACs and lessons learnt so far will be evaluated as well as their future roll is up for discussion in the reform process. The paper will reflect the lessons learnt of the PRAC and these will be compared with the thoughts presented in the Green paper (CEC 2009). The paper will analyse and discuss different roles the RACs could have in the future (e.g. becoming a Regional Management Council, as lately indicated by Commissioner Joe Borg). This idea is likely a reaction to consultative processes not always being driven by responsible behaviour among participants. Thus, transforming RACs into RMCs is seen as an alternative way to provide an incentive to increase responsible behaviour among the involved stakeholders. In the EU, Regional Advisory Councils (RACs) have been introduced as part of the post 2002 reform to increase stakeholder participation and enhance democracy and efficiency of the CFP (CEC 2001a). It is not straightforward to transform RACs into RMCs and it will inherently lead to a radical institutional change in the mode of operation for RACs. Based on the experiences from the P-RAC, the paper will assess whether a changed role for the RACs from being purely advisory to becoming a body holding management authority is feasible and/or desirable. In addition, the paper will explore alternative roles for the RACs in the context of increased regionalisation and devolution of management responsibilities in the post 2012 CFP
Governing innovative collaboration : a new theory of contract
Creators: name: Jennejohn, Matthew C.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Economics
subject: Law
subject: FOS: Law

description: Herein I outline an alternative theory of contract and contract enforcement. This theory is based upon two claims, one positive and one normative. The first claim is that incomplete contracting theory fails to explain how economic actors govern production in the new economy. Theories of "pragmatic governance" do, however, capture how modern firms order their relationships. To support this first claim, evidence from collaborative contracts is presented. The second claim is that, because both the traditional contextualist and the ascendant neoformalist approaches to contract enforcement undermine this new form of contract, a new philosophy is needed. A hybrid approach, integrating both formalism and problem-solving judicial intervention, provides such an alternative.
A pursuit method for video annotation
Creators: name: Foley-Fisher, Zoltan
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2012

description: Video annotation is a process of describing or elaborating on objects or events represented in video. Part of this process involves time consuming manual interactions to define spatio-temporal entities - such as a region of interest within the video. This dissertation proposes a pursuit method for video annotation to quickly define a particular type of spatio-temporal entity known as a point- based path. A pursuit method is particularly suited to annotation contexts when a precise bounding region is not needed, such as when annotators draw attention to objects in consumer video. We demonstrate the validity of the pursuit method with measurements of both accuracy and annotation time when annotators create point-based paths. Annotator tool designers can now chose a pursuit method for suitable annotation contexts.
Of Trolls, Orphans, and Abandoned Marks: What’s Wrong With Not Using Intellectual Property?
Creators: name: Bone, Robert G.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Law
subject: FOS: Law
subject: Intellectual property
subject: Patent laws and legislation
subject: Trademarks--Law and legislation
subject: Patent assertion entities
subject: Orphan works (Copyright)

description: The question whether intellectual property (“IP”) rights should require use is a pressing one today. Neither patent nor copyright law formally requires that the IP owner actually use the patented invention or copyrighted work. Yet use would seem necessary for a work to reap the social benefits that justify granting exclusive rights. Trademark law does require use, but it sometimes protects marks even when mark owners have ceased using them. This messy state of affairs has come under considerable pressure in recent years. Critics condemn patent assertion entities, commonly known as patent trolls, for asserting patents that they do not commercialize or use themselves, and some of these critics advocate a general use requirement to handle the problem. In copyright, the problem of orphan works has become particularly salient with the rise of digital technology and user-generated content, and the optimal solution involves tricky questions bearing on use. Trademark law also exhibits confusion about use and nonuse in the area of trademark abandonment. In particular, courts have been unable to develop a coherent approach to abandonment by nonuse when the abandoned mark retains substantial residual goodwill. This Article breaks new ground by focusing on use from the perspective of the utilitarian and nonutilitarian theories that justify IP rights and by using this perspective to develop a general framework for analyzing questions of use and nonuse across patent, copyright, and trademark law. When the issues are examined at the normative level, it becomes clear that a general rule conditioning IP rights on use across-the-board is not desirable. Any use requirement should be tailored to the nature of the specific problems that nonuse creates. In keeping with this insight, the Article examines the patent troll, orphan work, and residual goodwill problems and proposes sensible solutions tailored to each.
The Chinese Sexagenary Cycle and the Ritual Origins of the Calendar
Creators: name: Smith, Adam Daniel
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2010
Subjects: History
History, Ancient

description: From the earliest appearance of literacy in East Asia, around 1300 B.C., there is evidence of the routine use of a system for recording dates using cycles of named days of fixed length. In addition to their role in the calendar, terms in the 10-cycle, at the time of their first appearance and for several centuries after, were employed in names referring to dead kin. The 10-cycle and 60-cycle also underlay the calendrical apparatus that was used to schedule sacrificial performances directed towards these same dead kin, a central religious preoccupation of elites, and probably the early Chinese population more broadly, during the late second millennium. The use of the 60-cycle to record dates was retained after the practice of naming dead kin with cyclical terms came to be abandoned, and the legacy of its role in scheduling ritual events continued to be felt, in elite funeral arrangements for example, into the mid first millennium B.C. However, this break with the earlier ritual significance of the cyclical terms, as a means of referring to and commemorating dead family members, allowed them to be reinterpreted as a more abstract system of ordinals, one that could be creatively redeployed to label sequential or cyclical phenomena of many kinds in addition to days. Many of these new uses in their turn attracted a religious or magical focus.
Low-energy theorems of QCD and bulk viscosity at finite temperature and baryon density in a magnetic field
Creators: name: Agasian, N. O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The nonperturbative QCD vacuum at finite temperature and a finite baryon density in an external magnetic field is studied. Equations relating nonperturbative condensates to the thermodynamic pressure for $T\neq 0$, $μ_q \neq 0$ and $H\neq 0$ are obtained, and low-energy theorems are derived. A bulk viscosity $ζ(T, μ, H)$ is expressed in terms of basic thermodynamical quantities describing the quark-gluon matter at $T\neq 0$, $μ_q \neq 0$, and $H\neq 0$. Various limiting cases are also considered.
description: 12 pages; v2: title changed, new section about bulk viscosity and new references added; v3: new discussion added
Munidopsis marianica WILLIAMS & BABA 1989
Creators: name: Martin, Joel W.
name: Haney, Todd A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2005
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Malacostraca
Decapoda
Galatheidae
Munidopsis
Munidopsis marianica

description: MUNIDOPSIS MARIANICA WILLIAMS & BABA, 1989 Type locality: western Pacific Ocean, hydrothermal vents of the Mariana back-arc basin; 3600–3700 m. Known range: Known only from the type locality (Williams & Baba, 1989; Van Dover, 1997, in Desbruyères & Segonzac, 1997). Material: Western Pacific Ocean, Mariana Back-Arc Basin, Burke Field; 18°11′N, 144°43′E; 3680 m; Alvin dive 1837; 28 April 1987; USNM 240198 [holotype female (ovigerous)], USNM 240199 (paratypes, 2 ovigerous females, 1 male) (Williams & Baba, 1989). – Ilium Vent Field; 18°15′N, 144°42′E; 3620 m; Alvin dive 1829; 14 April 1987; USNM 240200 (paratype, 1 ovigerous female) (Williams & Baba, 1989). – Burke Field; 18°11′N, 144°43′E; 3727 m; Alvin dive 1847; 8 May 1987; USNM 240201 (paratype, 1 ovigerous female) (Williams & Baba, 1989). Remarks: Because this species is known only from vent sites to date, Chevaldonné & Olu (1996) considered it an endemic. For reasons given earlier we are treating it as a probable vagrant. This large species (up to 52 mm carapace length; Van Dover, 1997, in Desbruyères & Segonzac, 1997) is found among dense carpets of actinians (Williams & Baba, 1989; Hessler & Londsdale, 1991; Chevaldonné & Olu, 1996). Williams & Baba (1989) mentioned video sequences taken during Alvin dive 1845 (18°13′N, 144°42′E, 3716 m, 6 May 1987) that might be of this species.
description: Published as part of Martin, Joel W. & Haney, Todd A., 2005, Decapod crustaceans from hydrothermal vents and cold seeps: a review through 2005, pp. 445-522 in Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 145 (4) on pages 479-480, DOI: 10.1111/j.1096-3642.2005.00178.x, http://zenodo.org/record/5434828
description: {"references": ["Williams AB, Baba K. 1989. New squat lobsters (Galatheidae) from the Pacific Ocean: Mariana Back Arc Basin, East Pacific Rise, and Cascadia Basin. Fishery Bulletin 87: 899 - 910.", "Van Dover CL. 1997. Genus Munidopsis, Munidopsis alvisca Williams, 1988, Munidopsis lentigo Williams & Van Dover, 1983, Munidopsis marianica Williams & Baba, 1989, Munidopsis subsquamosa Henderson, 1885. In: Desbruyeres D, Segonzac M, eds. Handbook of deep-sea hydrothermal vent fauna. Brest: IFREMER, 200 - 204.", "Desbruyeres D, Segonzac M, eds. 1997. Handbook of deepsea hydrothermal vent fauna. Brest: IFREMER.", "Chevaldonne P, Olu K. 1996. Occurrence of anomuran crabs (Crustacea: Decapoda) in hydrothermal vent and cold-seep communities: a review. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 109 (2): 286 - 298."]}
Chiral decomposition in the non-commutative Landau problem
Creators: name: Zhang, P-M.
name: Horvathy, P. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The decomposition of the non-commutative Landau (NCL) system into two uncoupled one-dimensional chiral components, advocated by Alvarez, Gomis, Kamimura and Plyushchay [1], is generalized to nonvanishing electric fields. This allows us to discuss the main properties of the NCL problem including its exotic Newton-Hooke symmetry and its relation to the Hall effect. The "phase transition" when the magnetic field crosses a critical value determined by the non-commutative parameter is studied in detail.
description: 23 pages, 22 figures, in press in Annals of Physics
The Evidence for Scribal Training at Anyang
Creators: name: Smith, Adam Daniel
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2010
Subjects: History
Classical languages

description: The divination workshops at Anyang are the only late second millennium B.C.E. institutions from which we have evidence of the routine and intensive use of writing. These workshops trained their own scribes, and the remains of that training process -- including the so-called xíkè 習刻 (“practice engraving”) inscriptions -- have been repeatedly found at Anyang since the earliest excavations. Several authors have concluded that the trainees were previously fully literate and were learning to engrave on bone. This paper surveys the evidence and concludes that this is unlikely to be correct: scribal trainees in the divination workshops were acquiring the rudiments of literacy for the first time. That conclusion is compatible with a model of late second millennium Chinese literacy that sees writing as largely confined to the activities of a small number of individuals in the immediate entourage of the Shang kings.
title:  The Perception and Employability of Dental Hygienists with Visible Tattoos
Creators: name: Cox, Christina Lynn
Publisher: name: Old Dominion University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: Purpose: The aim of this study was to determine if the presence of visible tattoos could hinder employment for dental hygienists. Methods: 1,800 electronic surveys were distributed to licensed dentists in the state of Virginia. Surveys were arbitrarily assigned according to subject's birth month. Participants were shown a photograph of a dental hygienist with one of the three conditions: 1) no tattoo, 2) small tattoo, or 3) large "sleeve" tattoo. Respondents were asked to score the image based on five categories: ethical, responsible, competent, hygienic and professional, using a 5-point Likert scale, ranging from 1 (strongly disagree) to 5 (strongly agree). Employability was scored based on how well the clinician "fit" the image of their practice, the receptiveness of their patients, and the likelihood of employment. Results: A response rate of 14% (n=226) was attained; 183 (11%) of the respondents qualified and completed the survey. Eighty percent of the respondents were male and 76% were general dentists. The majority of the respondents (80%) indicated that tattoos should be covered in the workplace; 18% were indifferent; and 2% indicated that tattoos should not be covered. Data revealed the dental hygienist with the visible large sleeve tattoo ranked the lowest in all categories. Results from ANOVA and step-down tests suggest there was no statistically significant difference among the three tattoo conditions with regard to the image appearing ethical (F=0.266, p=0.767), responsible (F= 1.808, p=0.167) or competent (F=0.549, p=0.578). However, the image with the small and large visible tattoo was significantly lower than the image with no visible tattoos with regard to appearing hygienic (F=6.209, p<0.05) and professional (F=l 1.304, p<0.05). Data showed that the image with the large sleeve tattoo ranked lowest with regard to fitting the image of the practice (F=29.07, p<0.05), receptiveness of the patient (F=l 9.367, p<0.05), and potential employability (F=14.92, p<0.05). Conclusion: Visible tattoos may have a negative effect on perception and employability of dental hygienists in the state of Virginia. Potential employers are concerned with how well dental hygienists with visible tattoos fit the image of their practice and the receptiveness of their patients. This study showed that dentists rated the clinician with visible tattoos lower in appearing ethical, responsible, competent, hygienic and professional.