cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Effects of seashell aggregates in concrete properties
Creators: name: Gonzalez, B.
name: Carro, D.
name: Martínez-Abella, F.
name: Martínez, C.
name: Seara-Paz, S.
Publisher: name: Academic Journal of Civil Engineering
Year: 2015

description: In this project the use of mussel shell as fine and coarse aggregate in concrete is studied. Two different conventional concretes were designed, a non-structural concrete (NSC) and a plain structural one (SC). Then, the conventional fine and coarse aggregate was partially replaced with seashell. Initially, each size fraction (fine or coarse) was replaced separately using four substitution rates (25%, 50%, 75% and 100%). Finally, two low percentages (5% and 12.5%) were chosen to replace both fine and coarse fractions. All concretes (a total of 19 different mixes) were characterized in both fresh and hardened state (workability, compressive strength, longitudinal modulus of elasticity, weight loss and water permeability). The results permit to establish that the percentage of replacement should be limited to 12.5% of fine, coarse, or both fine and coarse aggregate. With this percentage the NSC and the SC, although with a worst performance than their conventional ones, show an accurately behavior.
description: Academic Journal of Civil Engineering, Vol 33 No 2 (2015): Special Issue - ICBBM 2015
A New Laser Induced Incandescence – Mass Spectrometric Analyzer (LII-MS) for Online Measurement of Aerosol Composition Classified by Black Carbon Mixing State
Creators: name: T. Miyakawa
name: N. Takeda
name: K. Koizumi
name: M. Tabaru
name: Y. Ozawa
name: N. Hirayama
name: N. Takegawa
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Hematology
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Astronomy, Astrophysics, Space Science
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Chemistry
subject: Earth and Environmental Sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Microbiology
subject: Physics
subject: Engineering
subject: Biochemistry

description: We developed a laser induced incandescence–mass spectrometric analyzer (LII-MS) for online measurements quantifying the aerosol chemical compositions with respect to the mixing state of black carbon (BC). The LII-MS is developed as a tandem series comprising an LII chamber to detect and vaporize BC-containing particles and a Particle Trap Laser Desorption Mass Spectrometer (PT-LDMS: Takegawa et al, 2012). The PT-LDMS collects aerosol particles transferred from the LII chamber and quantifies the chemical compositions. A newly designed collection probe, coupled with the sheath-air inlet nozzle of the LII chamber, enables a high throughput of aerosol particles without significant dilution. Total aerosol particles can be analyzed in the PT-LDMS by turning off the laser (MS mode), and the aerosol particles externally mixed with BC can be analyzed by turning on the laser (LII-MS mode). The difference in the PT-LDMS signals between the MS and LII-MS modes yields the chemical composition of materials internally mixed with BC. Performance of the developed instrument was evaluated in the laboratory by generating BC particles internally-mixed with oleic acid and BC particles externally mixed with ammonium sulfate particles. Preliminary results from ambient measurements are also presented and discussed.
กฎหมายอวกาศแห่งชาติญี่ปุ่น: สาระสำคัญของพระราชบัญญัติว่าด้วยการส่งเสริมกิจกรรมทางธุรกิจสำหรับการสำรวจและการพัฒนาทรัพยากรอวกาศ ค.ศ. 2021
Creators: name: นภวัฒน์ สืบนุสรณ์
Publisher: name: สำนักวิชานิติศาสตร์ มหาวิทยาลัยแม่ฟ้าหลวง
Year: 2567
Subjects: กฎหมายอวกาศ
การทำเหมืองแร่ในอวกาศ
ทรัพยากรอวกาศ
ประเทศญี่ปุ่น

description: วารสารนิติศาสตร์ มหาวิทยาลัยแม่ฟ้าหลวง, 7, 1, 357-379
Numerical Investigation of Sheath and Aerosol Flows in the Flow Combination Section of a Baron Fiber Classifier
Creators: name: Prahit Dubey
name: Ghia, Urmila
name: Turkevich, Leonid A.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2014
Subjects: Plasma Physics
Marine Biology
Biological Sciences
Astronomy, Astrophysics, Space Science
Chemistry
Biotechnology
Engineering
Biophysics

description: ABSTRACTThe Baron fiber classifier is an instrument used to separate fibers by length. The flow combination section (FCS) of this instrument is an upstream annular region, where an aerosol of uncharged fibers is introduced along with two sheath flows; length separation occurs by dielectrophoresis downstream in the flow classification section. In its current implementation at NIOSH, the instrument is capable of processing only very small quantities of fibers. In order to prepare large quantities of length-separated fibers for toxicological studies, the throughput of the instrument needs to be increased, and hence, higher aerosol flow rates need to be considered. However, higher aerosol flow rates may give rise to flow separation or vortex formation in the FCS, arising from the sudden expansion of the aerosol at the inlet nozzle. The goal of the present investigation is to understand the interaction of the sheath and aerosol flows inside the FCS, using computational fluid dynamics (CFD), and to identify possible limits to increasing aerosol flow rates. Numerical solutions are obtained using an axisymmetric model of the FCS, and solving the Navier-Stokes equations governing these flows; in this study, the aerosol flow is treated purely aerodynamically. Results of computations are presented for four different flow rates. The geometry of the converging outer cylinder, along with the two sheath flows, is effective in preventing vortex formation in the FCS for aerosol-to-sheath flow inlet velocity ratios below ∼ 50. For higher aerosol flow rates, recirculation is observed in both inner and outer sheaths. Results for velocity, streamlines, and shear stress are presented.
แง่มุมทางกฎหมายบางประการจากวงการเคป็อบ
Creators: name: สุวลักษณ์ ขันธ์ปรึกษา
Publisher: name: สำนักวิชานิติศาสตร์ มหาวิทยาลัยแม่ฟ้าหลวง
Year: 2567
Subjects: เคป็อบ
ซอฟต์ พาวเวอร์
สัญญาทาส
ข้อสัญญาที่ไม่เป็นธรรม

description: วารสารนิติศาสตร์ มหาวิทยาลัยแม่ฟ้าหลวง, 7, 1, 380-400
Towards automation of the polyol process for the synthesis of silver nanoparticles
Creators: name: Wolf, Jakob
name: Stawski, Tomasz M.
name: Smales, Glen J.
name: Thuenemann, Andreas F.
name: Emmerling, Franziska
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Metal nanoparticles have a substantial impact across different fields of science, such as photochemistry, energy conversion, and medicine. Among the commonly used nanoparticles, silver nanoparticles are of special interest due to their antibacterial properties and applications in sensing and catalysis. However, many of the methods used to synthesize silver nanoparticles often do not result in well-defined products, the main obstacles being high polydispersity or a lack of particle size tunability. We describe an automated approach to on-demand synthesis of adjustable particles with mean radii of 3 and 5 nm using the polyol route. The polyol process is a promising route for silver nanoparticles e.g., to be used as reference materials. We characterised the as-synthesized nanoparticles using small-angle X-ray scattering, dynamic light scattering and further methods, showing that automated synthesis can yield colloids with reproducible and tuneable properties.
description: Main text pages 1-16; SI pages 17-22; All the supporting files not, which are not included in this pre-print can be downloaded from here: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5910614
Learning Robust Representation through Graph Adversarial Contrastive Learning
Creators: name: Guo, Jiayan
name: Li, Shangyang
name: Zhao, Yue
name: Zhang, Yan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Existing studies show that node representations generated by graph neural networks (GNNs) are vulnerable to adversarial attacks, such as unnoticeable perturbations of adjacent matrix and node features. Thus, it is requisite to learn robust representations in graph neural networks. To improve the robustness of graph representation learning, we propose a novel Graph Adversarial Contrastive Learning framework (GraphACL) by introducing adversarial augmentations into graph self-supervised learning. In this framework, we maximize the mutual information between local and global representations of a perturbed graph and its adversarial augmentations, where the adversarial graphs can be generated in either supervised or unsupervised approaches. Based on the Information Bottleneck Principle, we theoretically prove that our method could obtain a much tighter bound, thus improving the robustness of graph representation learning. Empirically, we evaluate several methods on a range of node classification benchmarks and the results demonstrate GraphACL could achieve comparable accuracy over previous supervised methods.
Mapping a pollution index for the transboundary Red River Valley, Asia, 2009–2011
Creators: name: Yongming Xu
name: Ho, Hung Chak
name: Wencheng Xiong
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Science Policy
subject: Biological Sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Chemistry
subject: Earth and Environmental Sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Engineering

description: A transboundary river is a river that flows through two or more countries. Due to the international policies of the government in each country, it is difficult to investigate the pollution conditions in a transboundary watershed. In this study, pollution sources in the Red River Valley, Southeast Asia were derived from Google Earth by visual interpretation. Based on the derived pollution sources and a simple scoring system, a pollution index map was produced, which provides useful information for intergovernmental cooperation on the water environment in this transboundary watershed. In addition, the method mentioned in this article suggests an efficient and low-cost way to investigate pollution conditions at large scale, which can also be applied to other transboundary watersheds in the future.
A Simple Model of Dark Matter and CP Violation
Creators: name: Chen, Ting-Kuo
name: Chiang, Cheng-Wei
name: Low, Ian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a simple model of dark matter and CP violation and consider the associated triple and quadruple productions of 125 GeV Higgs bosons at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). In the model, the dark matter is a vector-like dark fermion $(\barχ, χ)$ interacting with the Standard Model only through a complex messenger scalar $S$ which is an electroweak singlet. New sources of CP violation reside in the most general scalar potential involving the doublet $H$ and the singlet $S$, as well as in the dark Yukawa coupling between $S$ and $(\barχ, χ)$. We study current experimental constraints from Higgs measurements, searches for new scalars at the LHC, precision electroweak measurements, EDM measurements, dark matter relic density, as well as direct and indirect detections of dark matter. A smoking-gun signature of CP violation could come from the Higgs-to-Higgs decays, $h_3\to h_2h_1$, where $h_3/h_2/h_1$ are the heaviest scalar, second heaviest scalar and the SM-like 125-GeV Higgs, respectively. Taking into account other Higgs-to-Higgs decays, such as $h_3\to 2h_2$ and $h_3/h_2\to 2h_1$, then gives rise to novel $3h_1$ and $4h_1$ final states, which have yet to be searched for experimentally. We present four benchmarks and show the event rates for $3h_1$ and $4h_1$ final states could be as large as ${\cal O}(10)\ {\rm fb}$ and ${\cal O}(1)\ {\rm fb}$, respectively, at the 14-TeV LHC. This work opens up a new frontier of searching for triple and quadruple Higgs bosons at a high energy collider.
description: 31 pages, 11 figures, 3 tables. [version 2] Updated to PRD version
Optimal classical and quantum real and complex dimension witness
Creators: name: Batle, Josep
name: Bednorz, Adam
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We find the minimal number of independent preparations and measurements certifying the dimension of a classical or quantum system limited to $d$ states, optionally reduced to the real subspace. As a dimension certificate, we use the linear independence tested by a determinant. We find the sets of preparations and measurements that maximize the chance to detect larger space if the extra contribution is very small. We discuss the practical application of the test to certify the space logical operations on a quantum computer.
description: 9 pages, 3 figures
Structure Cristalline Et Caracterisation D'Un Nouveau Pyrazolotriazine Phosphonaté Non Centrosymetrique
Creators: name: M. Kamoun
name: N. Fakhar Bourguibal
name: Gaied, Lilia Ben
name: M. L. Efrit
name: A. Driss
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Science Policy
subject: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Biological Sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Chemistry
subject: Earth and Environmental Sciences
subject: Cell Biology

description: RESUMEPréparation chimique, études spectroscopiques et cristallographique sont données pour un nouveau non-centrosymetrique pyrazolotriazine phosphonaté (C23H26N5PO3). Ce composé cristallise dans le groupe d’espace orthorhombique Pbc21. L’étude structurale montre que l’unité asymétrique contient deux molécules C23H26N5PO3 cristallographiquement indépendantes. Chaque molécule est constituée d’un cycle triazine et d’un cycle pyrazole partageant une liaison C-N; ces derniers sont liés à un phényl et à un benzyl sur lequel est greffé un diéthylphosphonyle. Des liaisons hydrogène de type N-H…N et N-H…O assurent la cohésion de l’édifice. Les résultats de la spectroscopie RMN du 31P, du 13C et du 1H sont en accord avec l'étude structurale par diffraction des RX.ABSTRACT: Chemical preparation, crystal and spectroscopic investigations are given for a new non centrosymmetric pyrazolotriazine phosphonate (C23H26N5PO3). This compound crystallizes in the orthorombic space group Pbc21. X-Rays diffraction shows that there are two crystallographic independent molecules. Each molecule consists of a triazine ring and a pyrazole ring sharing a C-N bond, these are linked to a phenyl and a benzyl which is grafted on a diethylphosphonyle. N-H….N and N-H…O hydrogen bonds ensure the framework cohesion. The 31P, du 13C and1H NMR spectroscopic data are in good agreement with the X-ray structure results.
Antibacterial activity of Hypericum perforatum L. (St. John’s wort) extracts against Gram-positive bacteria and characterisation of its secondary metabolites
Creators: name: Kisa, Ozgul
name: Oksuz, Lutfiye
name: Servi, Huseyin
name: Aysal, Ayhan Ibrahim
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Plant Biology

description: This study aimed to determine the secondary metabolite profiles and antibacterial activity of H. perforatum L extracts against Gram-positive clinical isolates. The plant materials (Sample A and Sample B) were macerated with n-hexane, ethyl acetate and methanol (MeOH). The antibacterial activitiy of plant extracts and routinely used antibiotics were tested against Gram-positive bacteria. The secondary metabolite profiles of Sample A were determined by LC-Q-TOF-MS. The MIC values for n-hexane and ethyl acetate extracts of Sample A were lower than the susceptibility breakpoints of most broad-spectrum antibiotics (e.g. vancomycin, teicoplanin and linezolid) in a certain proportion of Gram-positive bacteria. The n-hexane extract of Sample A showed good antibacterial activity with MICs lower than the susceptibility breakpoint of teicoplanin in 58% of coagulase-negative staphylococci. The n-hexane and ethyl acetate extracts of Sample A had rich phloroglucinol constituents. The n-hexane and ethyl acetate extracts of Sample A could be alternative antibacterial agents against Gram-positive bacteria.
Citronellal: a natural aldehyde with important properties
Creators: name: Venancio, Aldino N.
name: Silva, Marcio J.
name: Parreira, Luciana A.
name: Júlio, Armanda A.
name: Souza, Gustavo R.
name: Santos, Mario F. Conceição
name: Menini, Luciano
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Mental Health
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Among the several terpenes existing in nature, Citronellal, a monoterpene aldehyde, deserves to be highlighted for its biological properties that have been pointed out in numerous studies. This work aimed to conduct a literature review on its biological properties. Citronellal is a prominent compound in the essential oils of Cymbopogon genus plants. Apart from being employed as a fragrance ingredient in aromas, fragrances, and cosmetics, it is also used as an intermediate in synthesising (-)-menthol. Various studies have demonstrated Citronellal’s potential as an antibacterial compound, particularly anti-Staphylococcus and Escherichia bacteria. Citronellal also has antifungal properties against several fungi, especially fungi of the genus Candida. The studies found showed that Citronellal also has insecticidal, acaricidal, antiparasitic, anaesthetic, antiviral, antioxidant, antinociceptive, cardioprotective, antihypertensive, anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, and anticancer properties.
Many-body localization in a tilted potential in two dimensions
Creators: name: Doggen, Elmer V. H.
name: Gornyi, Igor V.
name: Polyakov, Dmitry G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Thermalization in many-body systems can be inhibited by the application of a linearly increasing potential, which is known as Stark many-body localization. Here we investigate the fate of this phenomenon on a two-dimensional disorder-free lattice with up to $24 \times 6$ sites. Similar to the one-dimensional case, "density-polarized" regions can act as bottlenecks for transport and thermalization on laboratory timescales. However, compared to the one-dimensional case, a substantially stronger potential gradient is needed to prevent thermalization when an extra spatial dimension is involved. The origin of this difference and implications for experiments are discussed. We argue that delocalization is generally favored for typical states in two-dimensional Stark many-body systems, although nonergodicity can still be observed for a specific choice of initial states, such as those probed in experiments.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures, appendix with 5 pages and 9 figures. Comments welcome
Weak Radiative Decays of Anti-triplet Bottomed Baryons in Light-Front Quark Model
Creators: name: Geng, Chao-Qiang
name: Liu, Chia-Wei
name: Wei, Zheng-Yi
name: Zhang, Jiabao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the weak radiative decays of ${\bf B}_b \to {\bf B}_n γ$ with ${\bf B}_{b(n)} $ the anti-triplet-bottom (octet) baryons in the light front quark model. We obtain that ${\cal B}(Λ_b \to Λγ)= (7.1 \pm 0.3 )\times 10 ^{-6}$, which agrees well with the current experimental value of $(7.1 \pm 1.7 )\times 10 ^{-6}$. We predict that ${\cal B}(Ξ_b^0 \to Ξ^0 γ)= (1.0 \pm 0.1 )\times 10 ^{-5}$ and ${\cal B}(Ξ_b^- \to Ξ^- γ) = (1.1 \pm 0.1) \times 10^{-5}$, which are consistent with the latest upper limits set by the LHCb collaboration. In addition, we find that the $SU(3)_F$ flavor symmetry breaking effects for the modes related to the $b\to d γ$ transition can be as large as $20\%$.
description: 16 pages, 1 figure
Violation of the fluctuation-dissipation theorem and effective temperatures in spin ice
Creators: name: Raban, Valentin
name: Berthier, Ludovic
name: Holdsworth, Peter C. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present numerical tests of the fluctuation-dissipation theorem (FDT) in the dumbbell model of spin ice with parameters suitable for dysprosium titanate. The tests are made for local spin variables, magnetic monopole density, and energy. We are able to achieve local equilibrium in which the FDT is satisfied down to $T=0.4$ K below which the system completely freezes. Non-equilibrium dynamics, together with violation of the FDT, are nonetheless observed following a thermal quench into the non-contractable monopole pair regime. Despite FDT violation, an approximate linear response regime allows for the identification of effective non-equilibrium temperatures which are different for each variable. The spin variable appears hotter than the heat reservoir, the monopole concentration responds with a lower effective temperature while the energy has a negative effective temperature. Results are discussed in the context of the monopole picture of spin ice and compared to the structure of FDT violations in other glassy materials. Prospectives for future experiments are reviewed.
description: 15 pages; 9 figs
Unconventional dual 1D-2D quantum spin liquid revealed by $ab$ $initio$ studies on organic solids family
Creators: name: Ido, Kota
name: Yoshimi, Kazuyoshi
name: Misawa, Takahiro
name: Imada, Masatoshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Organic solids host various electronic phases. Especially, a milestone compound of organic solid, $β'$-$X$[Pd(dmit)$_2$]$_2$ with $X$=EtMe$_3$Sb shows quantum spin-liquid (QSL) properties suggesting a novel state of matter. However, nature of the QSL has been largely unknown. Here, we computationally study five compounds comprehensively with different $X$ using 2D $ab$ $initio$ Hamiltonians and correctly reproduce experimental phase diagram with antiferromagnetic order for $X$=Me$_4$P, Me$_4$As, Me$_4$Sb, Et$_2$Me$_2$As and a QSL for $X$=EtMe$_3$Sb without adjustable parameters. We find that the QSL for $X$=EtMe$_3$Sb exhibits 1D nature characterized by algebraic decay of spin correlation along one direction, while exponential decay in the other direction, indicating dimensional reduction from 2D to 1D. The 1D nature indeed accounts for the experimental specific heat, thermal conductivity and magnetic susceptibility. The identified QSL, however, preserves 2D nature as well consistently with spin fractionalization into spinon with Dirac-like gapless excitations and reveals duality bridging the 1D and 2D QSLs.
description: 12 pages, 8 figures, 2 tables
A high angular resolution interferometric backscatter meter
Creators: name: Was, Michal
name: Polini, Eleonora
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Backscatter limits many interferometric measurements, including gravitational wave detectors, by creating spurious interference. We describe an experimental method to directly and quantitatively measure the backscatter interference. We derive and verify experimentally a relation between backscatter interference, beam radius and the scattering sample bidirectional reflectance distribution function. We also demonstrate that our method is able to measure backscatter from high quality optics for angles as low as 500 urad with a 160 urad angular resolution.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures
title: PRINCIPLES OF RETINAL DETACHMENT SURGERY
title: Αρχές χειρουργικής της αποκόλλησης του αμφιβληστροειδούς
Creators: name: Dimitrakos, Stavros
name: Stergiou, Panagiotis
Publisher: name: Kallipos, Open Academic Editions
Year: 2016
Subjects: ΑΠΟΚΟΛΛΗΣΗ ΑΜΦΙΒΛΗΣΤΡΟΕΙΔΟΥΣ
ΠΑΘΟΦΥΣΙΟΛΟΓΙΑ
ΧΕΙΡΟΥΡΓΙΚΗ
Retinal Detachment
Pathophysiology
Surgery

description: Σκοπός του βιβλίου είναι η μετάδοση και επεξήγηση γνώσεων που σχετίζονται με το παθοφυσιολογικό υπόβαθρο και την χειρουργική αντιμετώπιση της αποκόλλησης του αμφιβληστροειδούς. Αναπτύσσεται σε 15 κεφάλαια με ιστορική αναδρομή, με ανάλυση της αιτιοπαθογένειας της αποκόλλησης του αμφιβληστροειδή, έκθεση των προδιαθεσικών παραγόντων και της επιδημιολογίας της πάθησης και στην προφύλαξη από αυτήν, γίνεται ιδιαίτερη μνεία σε επιβαρυντικούς παράγοντες που την προκαλούν. Στη συνέχεια δίνονται οδηγίες για τα μέσα και τις μεθόδους προεγχειρητικής αξιολόγησης και προετοιμασίας του ασθενούς, καθώς και τη μεθοδολογία ανεύρεσης των αιτίων που θα οδηγήσουν στην αιτιολογική αντιμετώπιση. Αφού δοθούν συνοπτικές πληροφορίες για την τοπογραφία του χειρουργικού πεδίου, περιγράφεται λεπτομερώς η χειρουργική τεχνική, με επισκληρικά μοσχεύματα και οι επιπλοκές της. Στη συνέχεια παρατίθενται εναλλακτικές εγχειρητικές μέθοδοι και ειδικά κεφάλαια για την αντιμετώπιση υποτύπων της αποκόλλησης, καθώς και των υποτροπών της. Συζητούνται τα όρια της εξωβολβικής χειρουργικής και η εναλλακτική προς αυτήν ενδοβολβική χειρουργική με υαλοειδεκτομή. Τέλος, δίνονται παραδείγματα τυπικών μορφών αποκόλλησης και των μεθόδων αντιμετώπισης.
Antifungal, anti-biofilm and adhesion activity of the essential oil of Myrtus communis L. against Candida species
Creators: name: Cannas, Sara
name: Molicotti, Paola
name: Usai, Donatella
name: Maxia, Andrea
name: Zanetti, Stefania
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Biological Sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Chemistry
subject: Earth and Environmental Sciences
subject: Microbiology
subject: Biochemistry

description: Candida species belong to the normal microbiota of the oral cavity, gastrointestinal tract and vagina. The increasing incidence of drug-resistant pathogens and the toxicity of the antifungal compounds have drawn the attention towards the antimicrobial activity of natural products, an inexpensive alternative. The aim of this work was to evaluate the adhesion activity, the biofilm formation and the action of the Myrtus communis L. essential oil (EO) on the biofilm formation towards three species isolated from clinical samples: Candida albicans, Candida parapsilosis and Candida tropicalis. Furthermore, we evaluated the antimycotic activity of the EO towards the three species, and the results were compared with the minimum inhibitory concentration of six antimycotics. The activity of the EO against C. albicans and C. parapsilosis was better than that obtained against C. tropicalis; moreover, the strains used in the assay were adhesive and biofilm producer, and the effect of myrtle EO on the biofilm formation yielded encouraging results.
Draft genome assembly for the purple-hinged rock scallop (Crassadoma gigantea)
Creators: name: Goss, Hayley
name: Miller, Paige
name: Zaleski, Susan F.
name: Miller, Robert J.
name: Schroeder, Donna M.
name: Page, Henry M.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 310509
subject: Genomics

description: This genomic sequence for the purple-hinged rock scallop, Crassadoma gigantea, is a substantial improvement over currently available NCBI genomes for the species and will be an important resource for future genomic research, including ongoing and future population genetic studies. Purple-hinged rock scallops are found along the west coast of North America with a native range from Northern Alaska to Northern Mexico and found to depths of up to ~ 50 m. While not commercially harvested, this species is harvested recreationally and is a candidate of interest for aquaculture and conservation. The draft genome for C. gigantea is 818.76 MB, containing 7,259 scaffolds (contig N50 = 286 Kb, scaffold N50 = 948 Kb). Benchmarking Universal Single-Copy Orthologs (BUSCO) analysis using the 5295 genes in the mollusca_odb10 database had a 93.3% completeness value (92.7% single, 0.6% duplicated). Repeat elements made up 32.2% of the genome. MetaEuk reference-based discovery identified and annotated 23,445 unique protein sequences. Functional annotation was completed by Pannzer2. This assembly will contribute to the ongoing population genetic research on this species.
Fast inverse transform sampling of non-Gaussian distribution functions in space plasmas
Creators: name: An, Xin
name: Artemyev, Anton
name: Angelopoulos, Vassilis
name: Lu, San
name: Pritchett, Philip
name: Decyk, Viktor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Non-Gaussian distributions are commonly observed in collisionless space plasmas. Generating samples from non-Gaussian distributions is critical for the initialization of particle-in-cell simulations that investigate their driven and undriven dynamics. To this end, we report a computationally efficient, robust tool, Chebsampling, to sample general distribution functions in one and two dimensions. This tool is based on inverse transform sampling with function approximation by Chebyshev polynomials. We demonstrate practical uses of Chebsampling through sampling typical distribution functions in space plasmas.
description: 15 pages, 4 figures
An orthotropic incremental model for the hydromechanical behaviour of softwood
Creators: name: Nguyen, S. L.
name: Destrebecq, J. F.
Publisher: name: Academic Journal of Civil Engineering
Year: 2015

description: In the present work, a 3D orthotropic model is developed, aiming at precisely predicting the hydromechanical behavior of timber structures. Based on test results and on thermodynamical considerations, an evolution law is proposed for the hydro-lock strain. This phenomenon is assumed to occur in the longitudinal direction, but not in the tangential and radial directions. Beside, a 3D incremental formulation is developed to depict the viscoelastic strain at variable humidity, what allows overcoming the memory effect. Finally, the coupling of these two parts leads to a new 3D incremental model suitable to simulate the time dependent hydromechanical behavior of softwood. It should be noted that the time step to be used for numerical simulations must be finite, but not necessarily small. This important feature significantly reduces the computational effort while maintaining good accuracy. For the sake of illustration, the model is finally used to simulate the effect of varying humidity on the evolution of stress and strain states in a plain wood beam loaded in axial tension and in bending.
description: Academic Journal of Civil Engineering, Vol 33 No 2 (2015): Special Issue - ICBBM 2015
Phytochemical constituents from the roots and lignotubers of Rhoicissus tridentata and their in vitro uterotonic activity
Creators: name: Mshengu, Bongiwe
name: Dube, Sinenkosi
name: Khathi, Andile
name: Musabayane, Cephas
name: van Heerden, Fanie
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Plant Biology

description: Rhoicissus tridentata is one of the most frequently used plants in preparing Isihlambezo, a herbal drink consumed by many South African women to induce labour and tone the uterus in pregnancy. This study aimed to identify the uteroactive compounds in this plant. Chromatographic purification of the methanol and water extracts from the roots yielded eight compounds, i.e. morin 3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranoside, trans-resveratrol 3-O-β-glucopyranoside, a mixture of asiatic and arjunolic acids, quercetin 3-O-rhamnopyranoside, catechin, β-sitosterol, and linoleic acid. All compounds were evaluated for their uterotonic effects using uterine smooth muscle isolated from stilboestrol-primed Sprague-Dawley rats. The mixture of asiatic and arjunolic acids showed the highest activity with EC50 of 0.02129 μg/mL for amplitude. These results validate the use of R. tridentata in ethnomedicine to facilitate labour in childbirth. Morin 3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranoside and trans-resveratrol 3-O-β-glucopyranoside caused a relaxation of the uterine muscle, which suggests that some compounds in R. tridentata possess opposing activities.
Photon-ALP interaction as a measure of initial photon polarization
Creators: name: Galanti, Giorgio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Axion-like particles (ALPs) are very light, neutral, spin zero bosons predicted by superstring theory. ALPs interact primarily with two photons and in the presence of an external magnetic field they generate photon-ALP oscillations and the change of the polarization state of photons. While well motivated from a theoretical point of view, hints on ALP existence come from astrophysics. In this paper, we state and demonstrate some theorems about a strict relationship between initial photon polarization and photon-ALP conversion probability - which can be extrapolated by observed astrophysical spectra - so that, in the presence of ALPs, flux-measuring observatories become also porarimeters.
description: 9 pages, 3 figures. This version matches the published paper: Phys. Rev. D 105, 083022 (2022)
Effect of calcined nanoclay on microstructural and mechanical properties of chemically treated hemp fabricreinforced cement nanocomposites
Creators: name: Hakamy, A.
name: Shaikh, F. U. A.
name: Low, I. M.
Publisher: name: Academic Journal of Civil Engineering
Year: 2015

description: Calcined nanoclay was prepared in this paper by heating nanoclay (Cloisite 30B) at 900° C for 2h. This study presents the influence of calcined nanoclay (CNC) and chemical treatment on the microstructure and mechanical properties of treated hemp fabric-reinforced cement nanocomposites. Characterisation of microstructure is investigated using Quantitative X-ray Diffraction Analysis (QXDA) and High Resolution Transmission Electron Microscopy (HRTEM). The optimum hemp fabric content is 6.9 wt% (i.e. 6 fabric layers). Alkali treated hemp fabric-reinforced cement composites exhibited the highest flexural strength and fracture toughness when compared to their non-treated counterparts. In addition, mechanical properties are improved as a result of CNC addition. An optimum replacement of ordinary Portland cement with 1 wt% CNC is observed through reduced porosity and increased density, flexural strength and fracture toughness in treated hemp fabric-reinforced nanocomposite. The microstructural analysis such as QXDA indicates that the CNC behaves not only as a filler to improve the microstructure, but also as the activator to support the pozzolanic reaction and thus improved the adhesion between the treated hemp fabric and the matrix.
description: Academic Journal of Civil Engineering, Vol 33 No 2 (2015): Special Issue - ICBBM 2015
Gaussian Processes and Statistical Decision-making in Non-Euclidean Spaces
Creators: name: Terenin, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Bayesian learning using Gaussian processes provides a foundational framework for making decisions in a manner that balances what is known with what could be learned by gathering data. In this dissertation, we develop techniques for broadening the applicability of Gaussian processes. This is done in two ways. Firstly, we develop pathwise conditioning techniques for Gaussian processes, which allow one to express posterior random functions as prior random functions plus a dependent update term. We introduce a wide class of efficient approximations built from this viewpoint, which can be randomly sampled once in advance, and evaluated at arbitrary locations without any subsequent stochasticity. This key property improves efficiency and makes it simpler to deploy Gaussian process models in decision-making settings. Secondly, we develop a collection of Gaussian process models over non-Euclidean spaces, including Riemannian manifolds and graphs. We derive fully constructive expressions for the covariance kernels of scalar-valued Gaussian processes on Riemannian manifolds and graphs. Building on these ideas, we describe a formalism for defining vector-valued Gaussian processes on Riemannian manifolds. The introduced techniques allow all of these models to be trained using standard computational methods. In total, these contributions make Gaussian processes easier to work with and allow them to be used within a wider class of domains in an effective and principled manner. This, in turn, makes it possible to potentially apply Gaussian processes to novel decision-making settings.
Bioactive constituents from Trichilia dregeana Sond. (Meliaceae)
Creators: name: Tatio, Laurel Flairon Fotso
name: Bissoue, Achille Nouga
name: Tcho, Alain Tadjong
name: Akone, Sergi Herve
name: Jounda, Nadege Nelly
name: Tsopgni, Willifred Dongmo Tekapi
name: Waffo, Alain François Kamdem
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Plant Biology

description: The chemical investigation of the methanolic leaf extract of Trichilia dregeana Sond. led to the isolation of a hitherto unreported cycloartane-type triterpene, dregeanol (1), together with nine known compounds, (3β,23E)-9,19-cyclolanosta-23,25-dien-3-ol (2), 9,19-cyclolanost-24-en-23-one (3), 6β-hydroxystigmasta-4,22-dien-3-one (4), lyoniresinol (5), maslinic acid (6), asperphernamate (7), mixture of stigmasterol (8) and β-sitosterol (9) and β-sitosterol-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (10). The structures of the isolates were elucidated by extensive spectroscopic and spectrometric analyses (1D and 2D NMR, ESI-MS) and by comparison with previously reported data. Compounds 2 and 6 showed significant antibacterial effect against Escherichia coli and Salmonella enteritidis, res­pectively, with MIC value of 31.25 μg/mL, whilst they displayed moderate antifungal effect with MIC value of 62.5 μg/mL against Candida albicans. All the isolates except compound 3 were found to possess a weak antioxidant potential in the DPPH, ABTS and FRAP assays.
title: Typical imaging findings in a caesarean scar ectopic pregnancy – A case report
Creators: name: Khatiwada, Abhikanta
Publisher: name: EURORAD
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Genital (female) imaging
subject: Genital / Reproductive system female
subject: Obstetrics (Pregnancy / birth / postnatal period)
subject: MR
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Ultrasound-Colour Doppler
subject: Education
subject: Haemorrhage
subject: Obstetrics
subject: Clinical Case

description: Clinical History: A 28-year-old female presented with amenorrhea for 6 weeks, abdominal pain and minimal per vaginal bleeding for a few days. She had a positive urine pregnancy test. Her obstetric history was G4P2L2A1, with both previous deliveries by caesarean section.

description: 28 years, female
Investigating the strain rate-dependent compressive properties of fiber-reinforced soy-based polyurethane foams
Creators: name: Obaid, N.
name: Kortschot, M.
name: Sain, M.
Publisher: name: Academic Journal of Civil Engineering
Year: 2015

description: Although conventional polyurethane foams are used in several applications; they are produced from non-renewable constituents. An alternative polyurethane foam can be produced by replacing petroleum-based polyol with one that is derived from soybean oil. Polyurethane foams are often used as the core material for sandwich panels in structural applications and as energy absorption materials in car bumpers and other applications. In order to maintain structural integrity, these foams must display acceptable properties over a wide range of strain rates. Deformation of materials at higher strain rates can be important in impact loading, and in designing for regions of seismic activity, high wind speeds, and areas prone to other natural disasters. In viscoelastic polymers, compressive modulus varies with strain rate. Although the modulus of foams can be improved by the addition of glass fibers, the effect of these fibers on strain rate-dependence is not well understood. This study investigates the effect of strain-rate on the modulus of glass fibre-reinforced polyurethane foams by comparing the results at quasistatic and dynamic compression.
description: Academic Journal of Civil Engineering, Vol 33 No 2 (2015): Special Issue - ICBBM 2015
The effect of cyanamide on budbreak and vine development of Thompson Seedless grapevines in the San Joaquin Valley of California
Creators: name: Williams, L. E.
Publisher: name: VITIS - Journal of Grapevine Research
Year: 2015

description: Cyanamide (H2CN2) was applied to dormant canes on Thompson Seedless grapevines grown in the field to determine its effect on budbreak and subsequent vine development. A 2.5 % (v/v) solution of cyanamide was sprayed on vines just subsequent to pruning in a 2 year study. Vines pruned and treated with cyanamide on January 17 had budbreak 3 and 7 d earlier than the pruned only controls in 1984 and 1985, respectively. The same treatment imposed on March 1 delayed budbreak when compared with the control vines. There were differences of 3 and 6 d between the dates of 50 % bloom for the treatments with the earliest and latest dates of budbreak in both years. The number of degree days > 10 °C between budbreak and bloom averaged 365 and 372 °C · d for all treatments in 1984 and 1985, respectively. There were no significant differences in fruit maturation characteristics such as berry weight and soluble solids concentration among treatments in both years. Results indicate that cyanamide can be used to alter the date of budbreak which subsequently affects bloom date of Thompson Seedless grapevines. However, factors other than those two phenological events become more important in determining fruit maturation of this variety when grown in the San Joaquin Valley of California.
description: VITIS - Journal of Grapevine Research, Vol. 26 No. 2 (1987): VITIS
Studies on the generative reproduction of grapevine powdery mildew (Uncinula necator BERK.)
Creators: name: Diehl, H. J.
name: Heintz, Catherine
Publisher: name: VITIS - Journal of Grapevine Research
Year: 2015

description: Morphology and factors influencing the development of Uncinula necator fruit bodies were studied. The resistance levels of hostplants and the amount of cleistothecia on their leaves were significantly correlated under field conditions. The number of cleistothecia was about 80 % lower on greenhouse plants than on field-grown vines with similar susceptibility. An UV irradiation (2 h) did not induce the opening of the cleistothecia after cold storage, neither did light or darkness. A longer UV treatment (5 h), however, decreased the percentage of open cleistothecia. Liquid water was essential for the opening process. An atmosphere with a 100 % relative humidity was not sufficient. The fruit bodies opened readily at +22 °C, but not at +5 °C and below. Cleistothecia contained up to 6 asci with an average content of 6 ascospores. About 50 % of the ascospores had still their full vitality after 6-weeks cold storage.
description: VITIS - Journal of Grapevine Research, Vol. 26 No. 2 (1987): VITIS
Etude de la composition lipidique du raisin, Vitis vinifera L.: Evolution au cours de la maturation et localisation dans la baie
Creators: name: Roufet, M.
name: Bayonove, C. L.
name: Cordonnier, R. E.
Publisher: name: VITIS - Journal of Grapevine Research
Year: 2015

description: Lipid composition of grapevine berries, Vitis vinifera L.: Changes during maturation and localization in the berry Quantitative determinations in four grapevine varieties, Vitis vinifera L., gave evidence that the level of fatty acids in mature be rries was around 0.045 %, for t he main part unsaturated acids. Linoleic, pa lmit ic, linolenic and oleic acids were the most abundant, followed by stearic and behenic acids . No free fatty acids were found. Phospholipids formed the largest fraction prior to neutral and glycolipids. Glycolipids showed a high level of linolenic acid, while in phospho- and neutral lipids linoleic acid was highest. In the three fractions, polyunsaturated acids made up more th an half of total fatty acids. No differences were found between grape varieties. During grape maturation, changes in fatty acid levels were low, except for linolenic acid, which decreased consistently, this decline was concerned with neutral and glycolipids. Consequently, the potential of herbaceous flavour decreased progressively during berry maturation. Fatty acids were 1.5-3 times lower in pulp than in skin; thus, the skin can contribute to a large enrichment of fatty acids in juice, polyunsaturated derivatives, especially linolenic acid, being highest. In consequence, the presence of a !a rge part of grape herbaceous flavour potential in the skin was confirmed. Fatty acid patterns were s imilar in pulp and in skin, with more than half consisting of polyunsaturated compounds. There were a lso identical patterns for other lipids such as phospholipids, which were t he most abundant, followed by neutral and glycolipids.
description: VITIS - Journal of Grapevine Research, Vol. 26 No. 2 (1987): VITIS