cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
On non-factorisable contributions to $t$-channel single-top production
Creators: name: Brønnum-Hansen, Christian
name: Melnikov, Kirill
name: Quarroz, Jérémie
name: Wang, Chen-Yu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compute the non-factorisable contribution to the two-loop helicity amplitude for $t$-channel single-top production, the last missing piece of the two-loop virtual corrections to this process. Our calculation employs analytic reduction to master integrals and the auxiliary mass flow method for their fast numerical evaluation. We study the impact of these corrections on basic observables that are measured experimentally in the single-top production process.
An investigation to evaluate the relationship between rock quality index (RQI) and powder factor for surface mining
Creators: name: LeBel, J. R. Guy
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: The determination of the blastability of the rock mass is a problem that faces blasting engineers on a daily basis. The costly trial and error approach may eventually lead to a suitable design, although constant variations in the rock mass properties presume that this approach is constantly in progress. Shortly after the publication, at UBC, of the Leighton report on the correlation between the Rock Quality Index (RQI) and the controlled powder factor defined at Afton Mine, this research project was established in order to determine the extent of such correlation. The Rock Quality Index is obtained from rotary blasthole drill performance data. Defined as a single numerical estimation of the rock mass properties, the RQI reflects variations in the rock quality. It is a simple and practical approach to blast design based on an empirical relationship. At Equity Silver, Lornex and Greenhills Mines, data were gathered and evaluated in order to confirm the relationship and determine the factors that influence or control its definition. It was found that many factors actually affect the determination of the relationship. They are easily divided in two categories, the factors related to the drilling mechanism or to the blasting process. The accuracy of the drilling data was of concern to Leighton and a drill performance recorder was used at two of the locations in order to obtain accurate data. This research project permits the conclusion that the basic idea of a correlation between Rock Quality Index and the rock mass blastability is right. The correlation is, at this time, site specific due to the difference in the RQI values obtained from various drilling equipment and also due to the specific blasting conditions. Since many variables are found to affect both the drilling and blasting mechanisms, basic guidelines are proposed in order to assure the success of further research on the Rock Quality Index. Optimum blasting is the key to improved slope stability, higher stripping ratio, high productivity and reduced maintenance cost. However, optimum blasting is achieved only with a well established rock mass characterization program.
Neutral Current $π^0$ Production in MiniBooNE
Creators: name: Link, J. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper describes the analysis used to determine the neutral current $π^0$ production in MiniBooNE in bins of momentum. Additionally, a measurement of the relative coherent production of $π^0$s is discussed. The coherent production rate is found to be (19.5 $\pm$1.1 (stat) $\pm$2.5 (sys))% of the total exclusive neutral current $π^0$ production rate.
description: Prepared for the Proceedings of Neutrino Interactions 2007
THE BENEFITS OF INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGY IN LANGUAGE TEACHING
Creators: name: Melikova, Elnora
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: The way that languages are taught and learned has been completely transformed by the use of technology into the ever-changing field of education. Innovative approaches that leverage technology are gradually replacing traditional methods of teaching languages. This article analyzes the numerous advantages of using technology into language instruction, highlighting the ways in which it improves the educational process for teachers and learners alike.
Coherence of burst oscillations and accretion-powered pulsations in the accreting millisecond pulsar XTE J1814-338
Creators: name: Watts, Anna L.
name: Patruno, Alessandro
name: van der Klis, Michiel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: X-ray timing of the accretion-powered pulsations during the 2003 outburst of the accreting millisecond pulsar XTE J1814-338 has revealed variation in the pulse time of arrival residuals. These can be interpreted in several ways, including spin-down and wandering of the fuel impact point around the magnetic pole. In this Letter we show that the burst oscillations of this source are coherent with the persistent pulsations, to the level where they track all of the observed fluctuations. Only one burst, which occurs at the lowest accretion rates, shows a significant phase offset. We discuss what might lead to such rigid phase-locking between the modulations in the accretion and thermonuclear burst emission, and consider the implications for spin variation and the burst oscillation mechanism. Wandering of the fuel impact hot spot around a fixed magnetic pole seems the most likely cause for the accretion-powered pulse phase variations. This means that the burst asymmetry is coupled to the hot spot, not the magnetic pole. If premature ignition at this point (due to higher local temperatures) triggers a burning front that stalls before spreading over the entire surface, the resulting localized nuclear hot spot may explain the unusual burst and burst oscillation properties of this source.
description: Improvements throughout, accepted for publication in ApJ Letters
Late-time behaviour of the tilted Bianchi type VI$_{-1/9}$ models
Creators: name: Hervik, S
name: Hoogen, R J van den
name: Lim, W C
name: Coley, A A
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study tilted perfect fluid cosmological models with a constant equation of state parameter in spatially homogeneous models of Bianchi type VI$_{-1/9}$ using dynamical systems methods and numerical simulations. We study models with and without vorticity, with an emphasis on their future asymptotic evolution. We show that for models with vorticity there exists, in a small region of parameter space, a closed curve acting as the attractor.
description: 13 pages, 1 figure, v2: typos fixed, minor changes, matches published version
Strafverfolgung und Strafvollzug in Hamburg 2012
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: Universität Tübingen
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Strafverfolgung , Strafvollzug , Hamburg
subject: 360

description: Mit der Strafverfolgungsstatistik werden die im Laufe eines Jahres auf Grund gerichtlicher Entscheidung rechtskräftig abgeurteilten und verurteilten Personen erfasst. Von den Amtsgerichten und Staatsanwaltschaften werden die Daten von Personen, die sich wegen Verbrechen oder Vergehen nach dem Strafgesetzbuch, nach anderen Bundesgesetzen oder nach Landesrecht einschließlich der Straftaten im Straßenverkehr vor Gericht verantworten mussten, in anonymisierter Form an das Statistische Landesamt weitergeleitet. Dabei werden Abgeurteilte und Verurteilte nach allgemeinem Strafrecht und nach Jugendstrafrecht unterschieden. Ordnungswidrigkeiten werden in dieser Statistik nicht erfasst. Die Statistik basiert auf Datensätzen und Zählkarten, die von den Gerichten für jede rechtskräftige Aburteilung erstellt werden. Bei der Aburteilung von Straftaten, die in Tateinheit oder Tatmehrheit begangen wurden, ist nur die Straftat erfasst, die nach dem Gesetz mit der schwersten Strafe bedroht ist. Werden mehrere Straftaten einer Person in mehreren Verfahren abgeurteilt, wird diese Person entsprechend mehrfach gezählt. In der Strafvollzugsstatistik werden zum Stichtag 31.03. jeden Jahres die Strafgefangenen und Sicherungsverwahrten nach ausgewählten demographischen und kriminologischen Merkmalen erfasst. Untersuchungs- Abschiebehäftlinge bleiben bei dieser Stichtageserhebung unberücksichtigt.
Characterizing accelerated precipitation in proton irradiated steel
Creators: name: Laver, Mark
name: Connolly, Brian J.
name: Cooper, Christopher
name: Kohlbrecher, Joachim
name: Samothrakitis, Stavros
name: Wilford, Keith
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Ion irradiation provides a promising substitute to neutron tests for investigating the effects of radiation on materials for fission and fusion reactor plants. Here we show proton irradiation can quantitatively reproduce precipitation that leads to embrittlement in reactor pressure vessel steels, at dose rates 10,000 times greater than experienced in fission reactor operation. Small-angle neutron scattering (SANS) is used to characterize precipitate size distributions in copper-containing steels irradiated to average doses of approx. 7 mdpa with 5 MeV protons. Comparing our results with the literature on reactor pressure vessel steels containing at least 1 at.% nickel, we find a power-law scaling of dose with exponent 0.25--0.30 accounts for the effects of dose rate on precipitate volume fraction over 6 orders of magnitude in dose rate. In conjunction with dose rate, carbon is identified as performing a leading role in determining precipitate sizes, adding to the known effects of nickel, manganese and irradiation temperature. We discuss the composition of precipitates inferred from SANS, taking previous atom probe tomography studies into consideration.
description: 18 pages, 9 figures
Hard spectator interactions in B to pi pi at order alpha_s^2
Creators: name: Pilipp, Volker
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: I compute the hard spectator interaction amplitude in $B\toππ$ at NLO i.e. at O(α_s^2). This special part of the amplitude, whose LO starts at O(α_s), is defined in the framework of QCD factorization. QCD factorization allows to separate the short- and the long-distance physics in leading power in an expansion in $\lqcd/m_b$, where the short-distance physics can be calculated in a perturbative expansion in $α_s$. In this calculation it is necessary to obtain an expansion of Feynman integrals in powers of $Λ_\text{QCD}/m_b$. I will present a general method to obtain this expansion in a systematic way once the leading power is given as an input. This method is based on differential equation techniques and easy to implement in a computer algebra system. The numerical impact on amplitudes and branching ratios is considered. The NLO contributions of the hard spectator interactions are important but small enough for perturbation theory to be valid.
description: Publication based on my PhD thesis, 41 pages, 12 figures, Changed affiliation and other minor changes, corrected misprint in eq.(44)
Strafverfolgung und Strafvollzug in Hamburg 2014
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: Universität Tübingen
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Strafverfolgung , Strafvollzug , Hamburg
subject: 360

description: Mit der Strafverfolgungsstatistik werden die im Laufe eines Jahres auf Grund gerichtlicher Entscheidung rechtskräftig abgeurteilten und verurteilten Personen erfasst. Von den Amtsgerichten und Staatsanwaltschaften werden die Daten von Personen, die sich wegen Verbrechen oder Vergehen nach dem Strafgesetzbuch, nach anderen Bundes-gesetzen oder nach Landesrecht einschließlich der Straftaten im Straßenverkehr vor Gericht verantworten mussten, in anonymisierter Form an das Statistikamt Nord weitergeleitet. Dabei werden Abgeurteilte und Verurteilte nach allgemeinem Strafrecht und nach Jugend-strafrecht unterschieden. Ordnungswidrigkeiten werden in dieser Statistik nicht erfasst. Die Statistik basiert auf Datensätzen und Zählkarten, die von den Gerichten für jede rechtskräftige Aburteilung erstellt werden. Bei der Aburteilung von Straftaten, die in Tateinheit oder Tatmehrheit begangen wurden, ist nur die Straftat erfasst, die nach dem Gesetz mit der schwersten Strafe bedroht ist. Werden mehrere Straftaten einer Person in mehreren Verfahren abgeurteilt, wird diese Person entsprechend mehrfach gezählt. In der Strafvollzugsstatistik werden zum Stichtag 31.03. jeden Jahres die Strafgefangenen und Sicherungsverwahrten nach ausgewählten demographischen und kriminologischen Merkmalen erfasst. Untersuchungs- und Abschiebehäftlinge bleiben bei dieser Stichtageserhebung unberücksichtigt.
Strafverfolgung und Strafvollzug in Hamburg 2015
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: Universität Tübingen
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Strafverfolgung , Strafvollzug , Hamburg
subject: 360

description: Mit der Strafverfolgungsstatistik werden die im Laufe eines Jahres auf Grund gerichtlicher Entscheidung rechtskräftig abgeurteilten und verurteilten Personen erfasst. Von den Amtsgerichten und Staatsanwaltschaften werden die Daten von Personen, die sich wegen Verbrechen oder Vergehen nach dem Strafgesetzbuch, nach anderen Bundesgesetzen oder nach Landesrecht einschließlich der Straftaten im Straßenverkehr vor Gericht verantworten mussten, in anonymisierter Form an das Statistikamt Nord weitergeleitet. Dabei werden Abgeurteilte und Verurteilte nach allgemeinem Strafrecht und nach Jugendstrafrecht unterschieden. Ordnungswidrigkeiten werden in dieser Statistik nicht erfasst. Die Statistik basiert auf Datensätzen und Zählkarten, die von den Gerichten für jede rechtskräftige Aburteilung erstellt werden. Bei der Aburteilung von Straftaten, die in Tateinheit oder Tatmehrheit begangen wurden, ist nur die Straftat erfasst, die nach dem Gesetz mit der schwersten Strafe bedroht ist. Werden mehrere Straftaten einer Person in mehreren Verfahren abgeurteilt, wird diese Person entsprechend mehrfach gezählt. In der Strafvollzugsstatistik werden zum Stichtag 31.03. jeden Jahres die Strafgefangenen und Sicherungsverwahrten nach ausgewählten demographischen und kriminologischen Merkmalen erfasst. Untersuchungs- und Abschiebehäftlinge bleiben bei dieser Stichtageserhebung unberücksichtigt.
Strafverfolgung und Strafvollzug in Hamburg 2017
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: Universität Tübingen
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Strafverfolgung , Strafvollzug , Hamburg
subject: 360

description: Mit der Strafverfolgungsstatistik werden die im Laufe eines Jahres auf Grund gerichtlicher Entscheidung rechtskräftig abgeurteilten und verurteilten Personen erfasst. Von den Amtsgerichten und Staatsanwaltschaften werden die Daten von Personen, die sich wegen Verbrechen oder Vergehen nach dem Strafgesetzbuch, nach anderen Bundesgesetzen oder nach Landesrecht einschließlich der Straftaten im Straßenverkehr vor Gericht verantworten mussten, in anonymisierter Form an das Statistikamt Nord weitergeleitet. Dabei werden Abgeurteilte und Verurteilte nach allgemeinem Strafrecht und nach Jugendstrafrecht unterschieden. Ordnungswidrigkeiten werden in dieser Statistik nicht erfasst. Die Statistik basiert auf Datensätzen und Zählkarten, die von den Gerichten für jede rechtskräftige Aburteilung erstellt werden. Bei der Aburteilung von Straftaten, die in Tateinheit oder Tatmehrheit begangen wurden, ist nur die Straftat erfasst, die nach dem Gesetz mit der schwersten Strafe bedroht ist. Werden mehrere Straftaten einer Person in mehreren Verfahren abgeurteilt, wird diese Person entsprechend mehrfach gezählt. In der Strafvollzugsstatistik werden zum Stichtag 31.03. jeden Jahres die Strafgefangenen und Sicherungsverwahrten nach ausgewählten demographischen und kriminologischen Merkmalen erfasst. Untersuchungs- und Abschiebehäftlinge bleiben bei dieser Stichtageserhebung unberücksichtigt.
Injection phenomena and heat transfer in copper converters
Creators: name: Bustos, Alejandro Alberto
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: The injection dynamics and related accretion build up, as well as bath motion and heat losses in copper converters, have been investigated. The studies involved physical and mathematical models coupled with plant trials at four copper smelters to examine gas discharge phenomena, bath slopping and heat transfer within the converter. The laboratory work, performed on a 1|4th scale model of a converter, indicated significant tuyere interaction. Air discontinuously discharges into the bath with a frequency which increases with gas flow rate and is affected by the bath circulation velocity in the tuyere region. Measurements have delineated slopping behaviour in terms of tuyere submergence and the buoyancy power input to the bath. The industrial trials were conducted in Peirce-Smith, Hoboken and Inspiration converters under normal conditions. A tuyerescope attached to the back of a tuyere permitted the direct observation of accretion growth and the sampling of accretions during blowing. The tests indicated that the copper converter operates under bubbling conditions. Pressure pulses from the tuyeres revealed that in non-ferrous submerged injection processes three regimes of gas-liquid interaction can be identified: bubbling, unstable envelope and channelling. The relative dominance of each regime is affected by tuyere line erosion, viscosity of the bath and tuyere submergence. Analysis of the accretion samples revealed that accretions in the copper converter form mainly by the solidification of bath at the tuyere tip. Oxygen enriched air does not prevent accretion formation, but seems to produce a softer, easy-to-punch accretion. The type of puncher as well as punching frequency affect conditions inside the tuyere pipe and this could have an influence on accretion formation. The mathematical heat transfer model indicated that when the converter is out of the stack, heat losses through the mouth of the converter cause the internal surface to cool rapidly which may lead to freezing at the tuyere line and tuyere blockage when blowing is resumed. The temperature gradient, localized to within 60-80 mm of the refractory inside wall, changes markedly within the first minutes of the converter being out of stack. This may generate thermal stresses in the converter wall and contribute to refractory erosion at the tuyere line. Covering the converter mouth during out-of-stack periods significantly reduces the change in temperature gradient at the inside wall as well as heat losses from the converter.
Mehrsprachigkeit: gesellschaftliche Wahrnehmung und zukünftige Potenziale
Creators: name: Wagner, Katarina
name: Riehl, Claudia Maria
Publisher: name: Mehrsprachig in Wissenschaft und Gesellschaft. Interdisziplinäres Symposium zu Mehrsprachigkeit, Bildungsbeteiligung und Potenzialen von Studierenden mit Migrationshintergrund : Tagungsbeiträge
Year: 2013

description: Mehrsprachig in Wissenschaft und Gesellschaft. Interdisziplinäres Symposium zu Mehrsprachigkeit, Bildungsbeteiligung und Potenzialen von Studierenden mit Migrationshintergrund : Tagungsbeiträge, Interdisziplinäres Symposium "Mehrsprachig in Wissenschaft und Gesellschaft", 6.-7. Februar 2012, Bielefeld
Infinitely divisible distributions over locally compact non-archimedean fields
Creators: name: Ludkovsky, S. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Commutative Algebra (math.AC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60G07, 60G50, 26E30

description: The article is devoted to stochastic processes with values in finite-dimensional vector spaces over infinite locally compact fields with non-trivial non-archimedean valuations. Infinitely divisible distributions are investigated. Theorems about their characteristic functionals are proved. Particular cases are demonstrated.
Interkulturelle Öffnung als Rahmen hochschulpolitischer Maßnahmen (nicht nur) zur Unterstützung des Studienerfolgs von Studierenden mit Migrationshintergrund
Creators: name: Karakasoglu, Yasemin
Publisher: name: Mehrsprachig in Wissenschaft und Gesellschaft. Interdisziplinäres Symposium zu Mehrsprachigkeit, Bildungsbeteiligung und Potenzialen von Studierenden mit Migrationshintergrund : Tagungsbeiträge
Year: 2013

description: Mehrsprachig in Wissenschaft und Gesellschaft. Interdisziplinäres Symposium zu Mehrsprachigkeit, Bildungsbeteiligung und Potenzialen von Studierenden mit Migrationshintergrund : Tagungsbeiträge, Interdisziplinäres Symposium "Mehrsprachig in Wissenschaft und Gesellschaft", 6.-7. Februar 2012, Bielefeld
Bildungsaufstieg unterstützen: 'Chance hoch 2 - das Programm für Bildungsaufsteiger/-innen'
Creators: name: Becker, Mark
Publisher: name: Mehrsprachig in Wissenschaft und Gesellschaft. Interdisziplinäres Symposium zu Mehrsprachigkeit, Bildungsbeteiligung und Potenzialen von Studierenden mit Migrationshintergrund : Tagungsbeiträge
Year: 2013

description: Mehrsprachig in Wissenschaft und Gesellschaft. Interdisziplinäres Symposium zu Mehrsprachigkeit, Bildungsbeteiligung und Potenzialen von Studierenden mit Migrationshintergrund : Tagungsbeiträge, Interdisziplinäres Symposium "Mehrsprachig in Wissenschaft und Gesellschaft", 6.-7. Februar 2012, Bielefeld
Volume 78, 1 October 2014, Pages 56-64
Creators: name: Lupinacci, A.
name: Kacher, J.
name: Shapiro, A. A.
name: Hosemann, P.
name: Minor, A. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Characterizing plasticity mechanisms below the ductile-to-brittle transition temperature is traditionally difficult to accomplish in asystematic fashion. Here, we use a new experimental setup to perform in situ cryogenic mechanical testing of pure Sn micropillars at room temperature and at 142°C. Subsequent electron microscopy characterization of the micropillars shows a clear difference in the deformation mechanisms at room temperature and at cryogenic temperatures. At room temperature, the Sn micropillars deformed through dislocation plasticity, while at142°C they exhibited both higher strength and deformation twinning. Two different orientations were tested, a symmetric (100) orientation and a non-symmetric (451) orientation. The deformation mechanisms were found to be the same for both orientations
Precision spectroscopy with two correlated atoms
Creators: name: Chwalla, M.
name: Kim, K.
name: Monz, T.
name: schindler, P.
name: Riebe, M.
name: Roos, C. F.
name: Blatt, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss techniques that allow for long coherence times in laser spectroscopy experiments with two trapped ions. We show that for this purpose not only entangled ions prepared in decoherence-free subspaces can be used but also a pair of ions that are not entangled but subject to the same kind of phase noise. We apply this technique to a measurement of the electric quadrupole moment of the 3d D5/2 state of 40Ca+ and to a measurement of the linewidth of an ultrastable laser exciting a pair of 40Ca+ ions.
SOCIAL ANALYSIS OF INFORMATION EXCHANGE CULTURE
Creators: name: Rakhimova, Shakhnoza
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: It is characteristic that in the works on the theory of the press, and in the statements of sociologists-practitioners on the pages of professional periodicals, the mentioned requirement of combining sociology and social psychology is increasingly interpreted with reference to the study of the information fabric of the sociology of activity, to the sphere of information exchange (communication, interaction) of people.
Heterogenität an der Universität - Studieren mit Migrationshintergrund. Skizze eines Forschungsprojekts
Creators: name: Burger, Hannah
name: Pfaff-Czarnecka, Joanna
name: Pielage, Patricia
Publisher: name: Mehrsprachig in Wissenschaft und Gesellschaft. Interdisziplinäres Symposium zu Mehrsprachigkeit, Bildungsbeteiligung und Potenzialen von Studierenden mit Migrationshintergrund : Tagungsbeiträge
Year: 2013

description: Mehrsprachig in Wissenschaft und Gesellschaft. Interdisziplinäres Symposium zu Mehrsprachigkeit, Bildungsbeteiligung und Potenzialen von Studierenden mit Migrationshintergrund : Tagungsbeiträge, Interdisziplinäres Symposium "Mehrsprachig in Wissenschaft und Gesellschaft", 6.-7. Februar 2012, Bielefeld
Das Secondos-Programm der Universität Regensburg
Creators: name: Unger-Fischer, Lisa
Publisher: name: Mehrsprachig in Wissenschaft und Gesellschaft. Interdisziplinäres Symposium zu Mehrsprachigkeit, Bildungsbeteiligung und Potenzialen von Studierenden mit Migrationshintergrund : Tagungsbeiträge
Year: 2013

description: Mehrsprachig in Wissenschaft und Gesellschaft. Interdisziplinäres Symposium zu Mehrsprachigkeit, Bildungsbeteiligung und Potenzialen von Studierenden mit Migrationshintergrund : Tagungsbeiträge, Interdisziplinäres Symposium "Mehrsprachig in Wissenschaft und Gesellschaft", 6.-7. Februar 2012, Bielefeld
Curvature-coupling dependence of membrane protein diffusion coefficients
Creators: name: Leitenberger, Stefan M.
name: Reister-Gottfried, Ellen
name: Seifert, Udo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the lateral diffusion of a protein interacting with the curvature of the membrane. The interaction energy is minimized if the particle is at a membrane position with a certain curvature that agrees with the spontaneous curvature of the particle. We employ stochastic simulations that take into account both the thermal fluctuations of the membrane and the diffusive behavior of the particle. In this study we neglect the influence of the particle on the membrane dynamics, thus the membrane dynamics agrees with that of a freely fluctuating membrane. Overall, we find that this curvature-coupling substantially enhances the diffusion coefficient. We compare the ratio of the projected or measured diffusion coefficient and the free intramembrane diffusion coefficient, which is a parameter of the simulations, with analytical results that rely on several approximations. We find that the simulations always lead to a somewhat smaller diffusion coefficient than our analytical approach. A detailed study of the correlations of the forces acting on the particle indicates that the diffusing inclusion tries to follow favorable positions on the membrane, such that forces along the trajectory are on average smaller than they would be for random particle positions.
description: 16 pages, 8 figures
Entwicklung schriftlicher Argumentationskompetenz bei ein- und mehrsprachigen Oberstufenschüler/-innen und Studierenden
Creators: name: Petersen, Inger
Publisher: name: Mehrsprachig in Wissenschaft und Gesellschaft. Interdisziplinäres Symposium zu Mehrsprachigkeit, Bildungsbeteiligung und Potenzialen von Studierenden mit Migrationshintergrund : Tagungsbeiträge
Year: 2013

description: Mehrsprachig in Wissenschaft und Gesellschaft. Interdisziplinäres Symposium zu Mehrsprachigkeit, Bildungsbeteiligung und Potenzialen von Studierenden mit Migrationshintergrund : Tagungsbeiträge, Interdisziplinäres Symposium "Mehrsprachig in Wissenschaft und Gesellschaft", 6.-7. Februar 2012, Bielefeld
Gluon Shadowing in DIS off Nuclei
Creators: name: Kopeliovich, B. Z.
name: Nemchik, J.
name: Potashnikova, I. K.
name: Schmidt, I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Within a light-cone quantum-chromodynamics dipole formalism based on the Green function technique, we study nuclear shadowing in deep-inelastic scattering at small Bjorken xB < 0.01. Such a formalism incorporates naturally color transparency and coherence length effects. Calculations of the nuclear shadowing for the \bar{q}q Fock component of the photon are based on an exact numerical solution of the evolution equation for the Green function, using a realistic form of the dipole cross section and nuclear density function. Such an exact numerical solution is unavoidable for xB > 0.0001, when a variation of the transverse size of the \bar{q}q Fock component must be taken into account. The eikonal approximation, used so far in most other models, can be applied only at high energies, when xB < 0.0001 and the transverse size of the \bar{q}q Fock component is "frozen" during propagation through the nuclear matter. At xB < 0.01 we find quite a large contribution of gluon suppression to nuclear shadowing, as a shadowing correction for the higher Fock states containing gluons. Numerical results for nuclear shadowing are compared with the available data from the E665 and NMC collaborations. Nuclear shadowing is also predicted at very small xB corresponding to LHC kinematical range. Finally the model predictions are compared and discussed with the results obtained from other models.
description: 29 pages including 7 figures; Fig.7 modified, some references and corresponding discussion added
CII and HI 21-cm line intensity mapping from the EoR: Impact of the light-cone effect on auto and cross-power spectra
Creators: name: Murmu, Chandra Shekhar
name: Majumdar, Suman
name: Datta, Kanan K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: CII line intensity mapping (LIM) is a potential technique to probe the early galaxies from the Epoch of Reionization (EoR). Several experiments e.g. CONCERTO, TIME, CCAT-p are underway to map the CII LIM signal fluctuations from the EoR, enabling us to estimate the CII power-spectrum and CII$\times$21-cm cross-power spectrum. Observed LIM signal will have its time evolution embedded in it along the Line of Sight (LoS) due to the finite travel time of the signal from its origin to the observer. We have investigated this so-called light-cone effect on the observed statistics of our semi-numerically simulated CII signal from the EoR. Using a suit of simulated CII and neutral hydrogen 21-cm maps and corresponding light-cone boxes, we have shown that the light-cone effect can impact the CII power spectrum by more than 15% at large scales ($k\sim 0.1\, \text{Mpc}^{-1}$, at $z=6.8$). We have also observed that the impact of light-cone effect on the CII power spectrum drops with decreasing redshift within the redshift range considered here ($7.2 \lesssim z \lesssim 6$). The CII$\times$21-cm cross-power spectrum is also affected by light-cone, and in our models where reionization ends before $z=6$, we find that the maximum impact on cross-power can reach up to 20%. At $z=6.4$, we find comparatively pronounced variation in the light-cone effect with reionization history on the cross power. Faster reionization histories have a more drastic light-cone effect on cross-power. We conclude that we need to incorporate the light-cone in order to properly model the signal, constrain the EoR-related astrophysical parameters and reionization history using the CII$\times$21-cm cross-power spectrum.
description: 10 pages, 6 figures, comments are welcome, Accepted in MNRAS
Simulations of the Poynting--Robertson Cosmic Battery in Resistive Accretion Disks
Creators: name: Christodoulou, Dimitris M.
name: Contopoulos, Ioannis
name: Kazanas, Demosthenes
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe the results of numerical "2.5--dimensional" MHD simulations of an initially unmagnetized disk model orbiting a central point--mass and responding to the continual generation of poloidal magnetic field due to a secular source that emulates the Poynting--Robertson (PR) drag on electrons in the vicinity of a luminous stellar or compact accreting object. The fluid in the disk and in the surrounding hotter atmosphere has finite electrical conductivity and allows for the magnetic field to diffuse freely out of the areas where it is generated, while at the same time, the differential rotation of the disk twists the poloidal field and quickly induces a substantial toroidal--field component. The secular PR term has dual purpose in these simulations as the source of the magnetic field and the trigger of a magnetorotational instability (MRI) in the disk. The MRI is especially mild and does not destroy the disk because a small amount of resistivity dampens the instability efficiently. In simulations with moderate resistivities (diffusion timescales up to $\sim$16 local dynamical times) and after $\sim$100 orbits, the MRI has managed to transfer outward substantial amounts of angular momentum and the inner edge of the disk, along with azimuthal magnetic flux, has flowed toward the central point--mass where a new, magnetized, nuclear disk has formed. The toroidal field in this nuclear disk is amplified by differential rotation and it cannot be contained; when it approaches equipartition, it unwinds vertically and produces episodic jet--like outflows. The poloidal field in the inner region cannot diffuse back out if the characteristic diffusion time is of the order of or larger than the dynamical time; it continues to grow linearly in time undisturbed and without saturation, as the outer sections of many poloidal loops are being drawn radially outward.
description: 27 pages, 55 figures
Very High-energy Gamma-ray Emission from LS I +61$^\circ$ ~303 Binary
Creators: name: Kieda, D. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: LS I +61$^\circ$ ~303 is one of around ten gamma-ray binaries detected so far which has a spectral energy distribution dominated by MeV-GeV photons. It is located at a distance of 2 kpc and consists of a compact object (black hole or neutron star) in an eccentric orbit around a 10-15 $M_{\odot}$ Be star, with an orbital period of 26.496 days. The binary orbit modulates the emission ranging from radio to TeV energies. A second, longer, modulation period of 1667 days (the super-orbital period) has also been detected from radio to TeV observations. The VERITAS imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescope array has been observing LS I +61$^\circ$ ~303 since 2006, and has accumulated a dataset that fully covers the entire orbit. Increased coverage of the source in the very-high-energy band is currently underway to provide more results on the modulation pattern, super-orbital period, and orbit-to-orbit variability at the highest energies. The spectral measurements at the highest energies will reveal more information about gamma-ray production/absorption mechanisms, the nature of the compact object, and the particle acceleration mechanism. Using >150 hrs of VERITAS data, we present a detailed study of the spectral energy distribution and periodic behavior of this rare gamma-ray source type at very-high energy.
description: 9 pages, 4 figures, Presented at the 37$^{\rm{th}}$ International Cosmic Ray Conference (ICRC 2021), Berlin, Germany---Online
A technical and economic evaluation of run-of-mine coal transport by open channel flow
Creators: name: Lytle, Murray Bryson
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: The recent economic recession in the free market economics of Western and Third World countries has had a negative impact on coal sales by western Canadian coal producers. Slower worldwide economic activity has reduced the demand for metallurgical and thermal coal and competition in world coal markets has increased. In response to this changing economic climate, Canadian coal producers must make their mining operations more efficient in order to retain their share of the world coal market. The Coal Mountain Mine of Byron Creek Collieries (1983) Ltd. is an open pit mine in the mountainous region of southeastern British Columbia. The mine currently transports the run-of-mine coal from the operating pits to the preparation plant in large, rear dump trucks. The current study was undertaken to investigate the economic feasibility of transporting the run-of-mine coal through near vertical, steel lined raises to an underground flume, where it would be conveyed to the preparation plant by open channel flow. An experimental program to measure the transport of run-of-mine coal through a 15.2 centimeter diameter, high density polyethylene flume was carried out. The recirculating fluid test apparatus provided data which was used to develop an equation to predict the rate of transport of coarse coal through the flume. The experimental program also measured the degradation of coal particles resulting from plug flow conveyance through a vertical, steel lined raise. The plug flow movement of coal through a 300 meter long by 1 meter diameter steel lined raise was simulated by passing 1.5 tonnes of coal through a 3 meter long by 75 centimeter diameter steel tube 100 times. The increase in coal fines resulting from this test was 3 percent by weight and the particle size degradation was restricted to the outer 2 centimeters of the coal column circumference. A computer program to model the project economics for an open pit coal mine using either a flume transport system or a truck transport system was written. The program was used to model the project financial risk by: i) generating net present value and internal rate of return frequency distributions, and ii) testing the sensitivity of the project economics to changes in selected input variables. Mine project economics were developed for the following five production and mine development cases: i) gradual development of an expanding mine ii) rapid development of an expanding mine iii) gradual development of a new mine iv) rapid development of a new mine v) replacement of coal trucks for an operating mine. In all the cases, the flume system was economically superior and was subject to less financial risk than the truck haulage system.
Disconnected contributions to hadronic structure: a new method for stochastic noise reduction
Creators: name: Collins, S.
name: Bali, G.
name: Schäfer, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a new method for reducing the stochastic noise of all-to-all propagators based on stopping the inversion of the propagator before convergence. The method is easy to implement, unbiased and independent of the quark action. Applying this method to the calculation of disconnected loops needed for hadronic structure observables we find savings in computer time of factors of 4-12 depending on the operator inserted in the loop. When combined with a hopping parameter expansion technique we obtain combined gains of up to factors of 30 for some operators.
description: 2007 lattice proceedings, replacing acknowledgement
Stringent Tests of Gravity with Highly Relativistic Binary Pulsars in the Era of LISA and SKA
Creators: name: Miao, Xueli
name: Xu, Heng
name: Shao, Lijing
name: Liu, Chang
name: Ma, Bo-Qiang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: At present, 19 double neutron star (DNS) systems are detected by radio timing and 2 merging DNS systems are detected by kilo-hertz gravitational waves. Because of selection effects, none of them has an orbital period $P_b$ in the range of a few tens of minutes. In this paper we consider a multimessenger strategy proposed by Kyutoku et al. (2019), jointly using the Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA) and the Square Kilometre Array (SKA) to detect and study Galactic pulsar-neutron star (PSR-NS) systems with $P_b \sim$ 10-100 min. We assume that we will detect PSR-NS systems by this strategy. We use standard pulsar timing software to simulate times of arrival of pulse signals from these binary pulsars. We obtain the precision of timing parameters of short-orbital-period PSR-NS systems whose orbital period $P_b \in (8,120)\,$min. We use the simulated uncertainty of the orbital decay, $\dot{P}_{b}$, to predict future tests for a variety of alternative theories of gravity. We show quantitatively that highly relativistic PSR-NS systems will significantly improve the constraint on parameters of specific gravity theories in the strong field regime. We also investigate the orbital periastron advance caused by the Lense-Thirring effect in a PSR-NS system with $P_b = 8\,$min, and show that the Lense-Thirring effect will be detectable to a good precision.
description: 17 pages, 4 figures; accepted by ApJ
No large-angle correlations on the non-Galactic microwave sky
Creators: name: Copi, Craig J.
name: Huterer, Dragan
name: Schwarz, Dominik J.
name: Starkman, Glenn D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the angular two-point correlation function of temperature in the WMAP maps. Updating and extending earlier results, we confirm the lack of correlations outside the Galaxy on angular scales greater than about 60 degrees at a level that would occur in 0.025 per cent of realizations of the concordance model. This represents a dramatic increase in significance from the original observations by the COBE-DMR and a marked increase in significance from the first-year WMAP maps. Given the rest of the reported angular power spectrum C_\ell, the lack of large-angle correlations that one infers outside the plane of the Galaxy requires covariance among the C_\ell up to \ell=5. Alternately, it requires both the unusually small (5 per cent of realizations) full-sky large-angle correlations, and an unusual coincidence of alignment of the Galaxy with the pattern of cosmological fluctuations (less than 2 per cent of those 5 per cent). We argue that unless there is some undiscovered systematic error in their collection or reduction, the data point towards a violation of statistical isotropy. The near-vanishing of the large-angle correlations in the cut-sky maps, together with their disagreement with results inferred from full-sky maps, remain open problems, and are very difficult to understand within the concordance model.
description: 9 pages, 2 figures, updated with corrections in published version
Lenacapavir: First Approval
Creators: name: Paik, Julia
Publisher: name: Adis Journals
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Declarations Funding The preparation of this review was not supported by any external funding. Authorship and Conflict of interest Julia Paik is a salaried employee of Adis International Ltd/Springer Nature, and declares no relevant conflicts of interest. All authors contributed to the review and are responsible for the article content. Ethics approval, Consent to participate, Consent to publish, Availability of data and material, Code availability not applicable Additional information about this Adis Drug Review can be found here Abstract Lenacapavir (Sunlenca®) is a long-acting capsid inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) being developed by Gilead Sciences Inc. It is available as an oral tablet and injectable solution, with the latter being a slow-release formulation to allow bi-annual subcutaneous administration. In August 2022, lenacapavir received its first approval in the EU for use in combination with other antiretroviral(s) in adults with multi-drug resistant HIV infection, for whom it is otherwise not possible to construct a suppressive anti-viral regimen. This article summarizes the milestones in the development of lenacapavir leading to this first approval for the treatment of HIV-1 infection. © Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2022
Energy budget of plasma motions, heating, and electron acceleration in a three-loop solar flare
Creators: name: Fleishman, Gregory D.
name: Kleint, Lucia
name: Motorina, Galina G.
name: Nita, Gelu M.
name: Kontar, Eduard P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Non-potential magnetic energy promptly released in solar flares is converted to other forms of energy. This may include nonthermal energy of flare-accelerated particles, thermal energy of heated flaring plasma, and kinetic energy of eruptions, jets, up/down flows, and stochastic (turbulent) plasma motions. The processes or parameters governing partitioning of the released energy between these components is an open question. How these components are distributed between distinct flaring loops and what controls these spatial distributions is also unclear. Here, based on multi-wavelength data and 3D modeling, we quantify the energy partitioning and spatial distribution in the well observed SOL2014-02-16T064620 solar flare of class C1.5. Nonthermal emissions of this flare displayed a simple impulsive single-spike light curves lasting about 20\,s. In contrast, the thermal emission demonstrated at least three distinct heating episodes, only one of which was associated with the nonthermal component. The flare was accompanied by up and down flows and substantial turbulent velocities. The results of our analysis suggest that (i) the flare occurs in a multi-loop system that included at least three distinct flux tubes; (ii) the released magnetic energy is divided unevenly between the thermal and nonthermal components in these loops; (iii) only one of these three flaring loops contains an energetically important amount of nonthermal electrons, while two other loops remain thermal; (iv) the amounts of direct plasma heating and that due to nonthermal electron loss are comparable; (v) the kinetic energy in the flare footpoints constitute only a minor fraction compared with the thermal and nonthermal energies.
description: ApJ accepted. 19 pages, 16 figures
Simulation of potash rougher flotation
Creators: name: Wong, Michael W. K.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: The rougher flotation behaviour of Potash ore from the Potash Corporation of Saskatchewan was evaluated in both laboratory batch and continuous cells by the use of experimental designs. Data obtained in all tests were adjusted statistically and then used to estimate the parameters of proposed kinetic models. By means of statistical and physical significance criteria, the Beta distribution model was found to be the best in fitting kinetic data on a size-by-size basis. The estimated parameters were regressed with the operating variables manipulated in the experimental runs. Ways to enhance the recovery of coarse KCl particles were postulated. However, translation of results to a full-scale plant trial depends on matching the mode of operation of the plant (i.e. whether it be in rate or equilibrium control) to shifts in the equilibrium recovery and flotation rate that were observed in the laboratory batch tests. The effect of particle size on initial flotation rates of KCl was found to be a maximum at 177 μm. NaCl (max. at 104 μm) and INSOL (max. at 187 μm) account for poor concentrate grades in the fine size range. Finally, an empirical scale-up procedure is proposed to predict large scale continuous data from small batch results. Using model parameter/size relationships, the number of scale-up constants were reduced substantially.