cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Saline wastewater treatment by bioelectrochemical process (BEC) based on Al-electrocoagulation and halophilic bacteria: optimization using ANN with new approach
Creators: name: Gholami, Moeen
name: Souraki, Behrooz Abbasi
name: Shomali, Abbas
name: Pendashteh, Alireza
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Space Science
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: In the present study, a bioelectrochemical reactor (BEC) was utilized to treat two types of real saline produced water (PW). BEC was designed based on the combination of electrocoagulation (EC) process with halophilic microorganisms, and it was assessed in terms of biodegradation of hydrocarbons. The effects of various operating parameters including the current density, electrical contact time (On/Off), hydraulic retention time (HRT), and total dissolved solids (TDS) at different levels on the chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal efficiency, settleability, and performance of isolated halophilic microorganisms were examined. Additionally, a novel neural network (ANN) approach modelling using adaptive factors was used to predict and optimize the effects and interactions between operating parameters during BEC process by predicting complicated mechanisms and variations associated with microorganisms. In addition, a new algorithm was developed for the sensitivity analysis to achieve the optimum operating conditions and obtain maximum efficiency in COD removal, sludge volume index (SVI), mixed liquor suspended solids (MLSS), and specific electrical energy consumption (SEEC), simultaneously. BEC was found to be significantly more effective at removing most hydrocarbons, particularly pristine and phytane. In addition, the results showed a significant improvement in settling ability of the biological flocs with average SVI of 91.5 mL/g and a size of 178.25 μm using BEC. Based on estimated operating costs and energy consumption, BEC was more cost-effective and efficient than other bioelectrochemical systems.
Recherches sur quelques dérivés du propylène.
Handschriftlicher Text der Dissertation, verfasst von Fritz Schenker
Creators: name: Schenker, Fritz
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1925

description: Textentwurf, undatiert, bearbeitet im Hinblick auf das Doktorat an der Universität Genf.
Vollständiger Text, inkl. Korrekturen, mit Résumé.
Text mit Figuren
Simultaneous removal of sulfide and bicarbonate from synthetic wastewater using an algae-assisted microbial fuel cell
Creators: name: Khandelwal, Amitap
name: Lens, Piet N. L.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: The anaerobic digestion (AD) process is one of the most practiced technologies for the remediation of organic waste and maximization of energy recovery in terms of biogas or biomethane. The presence of other gaseous components in biogas, e.g. CO2 and H2S, often makes its direct application in engines and electricity production unsuitable. This work aimed to develop and utilize an algae-assisted microbial fuel cell (AMFC) for the purification of biogas by removing both CO2 and H2S and simultaneous bioelectricity generation. In addition to biogas clean-up, elemental sulfur recovery and CO2 utilization for algae cultivation add value to the proposed AMFC process. Experiments were performed with both sulfide and bicarbonate in their dissolved form, in the respective anodic and cathodic chambers of the AMFC. The sulfide concentration was varied from 100 to 800 mg/l and the AMFC exhibited a sulfide removal efficiency exceeding 97% at all concentrations tested. The process efficiency dropped, however, at sulfide concentrations above 300 mg/l in terms of both sulfide removal and power output. The AMFC performed best at 400 mg/l sulfide by exhibiting a power density of 24.99 mW/m3 and sulfide removal efficiency of 98.87%. The system exhibited columbic efficiency (CE %) in the range of 7.85–80%. The total alkalinity representing CO2, carbonate and bicarbonate levels in the algae-based system was reduced by 49.54%. The electrical energy recovered from the AMFC was 0.1 kWh/m3 and the total energy recovery, which is the sum of the electrical and algal lipid energy, amounted to 7.25 kWh/m3.
OCDO/cmso-ontology: v0.0.1
Creators: name: Abril Azocar Guzman
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Computational Material Sample Ontology (CMSO)

CMSO is an ontology that aims to describe computational materials science samples (or structures), including crystalline defects. Initially focusing on the description at the atomic scale.
description: Funded by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, German Research Foundation) under the National Research Data Infrastructure – NFDI 38/1 – project number 460247524.
Towards ultrasound full-waveform inversion in medical imaging
Creators: name: Robins, Thomas
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2021

description: Ultrasound imaging is a front-line clinical modality with a wide range of applications. However, there are limitations to conventional methods for some medical imaging problems, including the imaging of the intact brain. The goal of this thesis is to explore and build on recent technological advances in ultrasonics and related areas such as geophysics, including the ultrasound data parallel acquisition hardware, advanced computational techniques for field modelling and for inverse problem solving. With the significant increase in the computational power now available, a particular focus will be put on exploring the potential of full-waveform inversion (FWI), a high-resolution image reconstruction technique which has shown significant success in seismic exploration, for medical imaging applications. In this thesis a range of technologies and systems have been developed in order to improve ultrasound imaging by taking advantage of these recent advances. In the first part of this thesis the application of dual frequency ultrasound for contrast enhanced imaging of neurovasculature in the mouse brain is investigated. Here we demonstrated a significant improvement in the contrast-to-tissue ratio that could be achieved by using a multi-probe, dual frequency imaging system when compared to a conventional approach using a single high frequency probe. However, without a sufficiently accurate calibration method to determine the positioning of these probes the image resolution was found to be significantly reduced. To mitigate the impact of these positioning errors, a second study was carried out to develop a sophisticated dual probe ultrasound tomography acquisition system with a robust methodology for the calibration of transducer positions. This led to a greater focus on the development of ultrasound tomography applications in medical imaging using FWI. A 2.5D brain phantom was designed that consisted of a soft tissue brain model surrounded by a hard skull mimicking material to simulate a transcranial imaging problem. This was used to demonstrate for the first time, as far as we are aware, the experimental feasibility of imaging the brain through skull using FWI. Furthermore, to address the lack of broadband sensors available for medical FWI reconstruction applications, a deep learning neural network was proposed for the bandwidth extension of observed narrowband data. A demonstration of this proposed technique was then carried out by improving the FWI image reconstruction of experimentally acquired breast phantom imaging data. Finally, the FWI imaging method was expanded for3D neuroimaging applications and an in silico feasibility of reconstructing the mouse brain with commercial transducers is demonstrated.
Sinfonia à più stromenti : [C dur]
Creators: name: Vaňhal, Jan Křtitel
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 2025

description: Johann Baptist Wanhall
description: [Manuskript]
description: Vorhandene Stimmen: Viol. I & II (je 3 Ex.), Viola, Bass (4 Ex. davon 3 beziff., 1 als Contrabass bez.), 2 Fl., 2 Corni
description: Coll. mus. Nr. 68 Identisch mit kr IV 380 Nr. 3
description: Das gleiche Werk ist auch vorhanden unter dem Komponistennamen Johann Franz Xaver Sterkel (kr XII 164)
description: Öffentliche Bibliothek der Universität Basel
description: Verzeichnung=Description=Inventaire 2009 Übernahme Rekatalogis. AK UB durch Medea 2002-2005
Album der Gesellschaft Studiosorum theologiae genannt Prediger-Gesellschaft
Creators: name: [s.n.]
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1785

description: Es handelt sich vermutlich um ein Album der 1785 von Hieronymus Falkeisen in Basel gegründeten Gesellschaft von jungen Predigern; vgl. die Prägung auf dem Buchrücken: "Denkmal Derjenigen Freunde welche als Mitglieder der E. Prediger Gesellschaft beygewohnt haben." Das Album führt die Namen von 98 Mitgliedern der Gesellschaft mit ihrer Herkunft und dem Datum ihrer Aufnahme auf und ist kalligraphisch ausgeschmückt. Vielen Einträgen sind sorgfältig gestaltete Schattenrisse, in einzelnen Fällen kunstvoll illustriert, beigegeben. Das Album enthält Einträge von 1785 bis 1809 sowie ein Register.
description: Depositum Evangelisch-Reformierte Kirche des Kantons Basel-Stadt
description: Deutsch
description: Verzeichnung=Description=Inventaire Dez. 2009 Titel, Jahr, Umfang, Sprache, Signatur nach: Roth, Inventar, 1922 HAN-Katalogisierungsregeln
description: Verzeichnung=Description=Inventaire Dez. 2023 HAN-Katalogisierungsregeln Normalaufnahme nach: Roth 1922 und Autopsie Schmidt-Müller
description: Digitalisierung=Digitization=Numérisation Nov. 2024 TIFF
description: Erschliessungsniveau Normalniveau
description: Beilagen: Ein loser Schattenriss und zwei Papierfragmente mit den Namen der von 1809-1811 aufgenommenen Mitglieder, ursprünglich eingelegt zwischen 72v/73r (Beil. 1-3); ausserdem originaler Schutzeinband mitsamt Kartonschuber (Beil. 4).
Supplementary document for Tailoring ultra-broadband vector beams via programming the electric field vector of light - 5944644.pdf
Creators: name: Sun, Peizhi
name: Wang, Yifei
name: Yuan, Cong-Long
name: Jia, Shu-Zhen
name: Shen, D
name: Zheng, Zhi-gang
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2025
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Supplemental Document
Animal-based welfare indicators for dairy cows and their validity and practicality: a systematic review of the existing literature
Creators: name: Linstädt, Jenny
name: Thöne-Reineke, Christa
name: Merle, Roswitha
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: animal welfare
subject: wellbeing
subject: animal-based
subject: dairy cow
subject: welfare quality®
subject: welfare indicators
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::630 Landwirtschaft::630 Landwirtschaft und verwandte Bereiche

description: Animal welfare is of increasing importance, with consumers preferring animal products made with ethical practices due to growing awareness. This shift highlights the need for reliable methods to evaluate welfare. This systematic review aims to assess the validity of current animal-based welfare indicators for dairy cows to aid farmers and agricultural professionals in evaluating and improving welfare amidst the lack of a clear legislative definition. The literature search spanned five databases: CAB Direct, PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar and Livivo, covering publications in English and German from 2011 to 2021. Specific search terms were employed, and abstracts were screened for relevance. Publications were categorized based on exclusion criteria, with a final verification process conducted by three independent scientists. Research highlights correlations between welfare measures, farm characteristics and innovative indicators like hair cortisol concentration. Farming systems and housing methods significantly affect welfare, with pasture-based systems generally resulting in reduced lameness and improved behavior. Proper housing design and management practices are important, as they influence indicators like lameness and cleanliness. Heart rate variability and heart rate monitoring provide insights into dairy cow stress levels during milking and other stressors, making them valuable for welfare assessment. Biomarker research emphasizes the need to balance productivity and health in breeding strategies, as high milk production alone does not indicate good welfare. Behavioral studies and the human-animal relationship are key to understanding welfare. Precision Livestock Farming offers real-time assessment capabilities, although validation is needed. Stress physiology is complex, and while cortisol measurement methods are promising, further research is necessary. Assessment tools like the Animal Needs Index and routine herd data analysis are valuable for identifying welfare concerns. Key findings highlight the WQ® protocol’s effectiveness and versatility, the challenge of its time demands, and the DCF protocol’s promise for more practical and efficient welfare assessments. Commercial animal welfare audits should prioritize easily observable indicators and herd records due to logistical constraints in measuring biomarkers or heart rate variability. This focus on easily accessible indicators, such as body condition score, lameness, claw health, cleanliness, and somatic cell count allows effective welfare assessments, enabling prompt action to enhance wellbeing.
Pyridine-bridged cobalt tetra-aminophthalocyanine to active peroxymonosulfate for efficient degrading carbamazepine
Creators: name: Shang, Zhiguo
name: Zhu, Zhexin
name: Wang, Gangqiang
name: Lu, Wangyang
name: Wu, Bingyao
name: Li, Qijian
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology

description: In this study, each cobalt tetra-aminophthalocyanine (CoTAPc) molecule was immobilized with four isonicotinic acid (INA) molecules by amide bonding, a novel and highly efficient catalyst pyridine-bridged cobalt tetra-aminophthalocyanine (CoTAPc-TINA) was synthesized. The introduction of INA molecules promoted CoTAPc to expose more active sites, and increased the electron cloud density of cobalt ions promoting O-O bond homolysis of PMS to generate more active species, which significantly enhanced catalytic activity. With the pharmaceutical of carbamazepine (CBZ) as model pollutant, 0.1 g/L CoTAPc-TINA in dark in the presence of 0.4 mM PMS, 98.8% CBZ was removed within 10 min. However, under the same conditions the removed of CBZ was only 58.9% by CoTAPc/PMS system. Radical capture experiments combined electron paramagnetic resonance technology demonstrate that hydroxyl radicals, sulphate radicals, superoxide radicals and singlet oxygen are the main active species in the CoTAPc-TINA/PMS system. As the reaction proceeded, all aromatic intermediates were transformed to small molecular acids by these active species. This investigation provided a new insight for application of metal phthalocyanine in wastewater treatment.
title: Le passeport de l'oral : un outil d'évaluation pour l'inclusion des élèves alloglottes
Creators: name: Silva-Hardmeyer, Carla
name: Boër, Diane
name: Tobola Couchepin, Catherine
name: Dolz, Joaquim
Publisher: name: La Revue LEeE
Year: 2024
Subjects: passeport de l'oral
outil d'évaluation
élèves alloglottes
système didactique principal et auxiliaire
inclusion

description: Afin de faire participer les élèves alloglottes aux activités scolaires en français dès leur entrée à l'école, la plupart des établissements mettent en place des systèmes d'aide (appui, cours intensif de français, classe d’accueil...). Pour favoriser les apprentissages, le système didactique auxiliaire (espace d’aide linguistique dans notre cas) doit être bien coordonné avec le système principal mis en place dans la classe des élèves concernés. Dans cette contribution, nous présentons plus précisément une étude de cas concernant la pratique d’enseignement de deux enseignant∙es lors de la mise en place d’une séquence d’enseignement coordonnée entre le système didactique principal et auxiliaire. Il s’agit d’une séquence de compréhension du conte Les Trois Petits Cochons réalisée auprès d‘élèves de 5 ans, soit de 1P. La coordination entre les systèmes repose sur l'élaboration et l'utilisation de l'outil passeport de l'oral. Nos analyses ont permis de comprendre le rôle du passeport comme instrument d’évaluation qui coordonne les actions des enseignant∙es et qui suit la progression des apprentissages des élèves.
G2-instantons on resolutions of G2-orbifolds
Creators: name: Platt, Daniel
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2021

description: The resolution of the G2-orbifold T^7/Γ, where Γ is a suitably chosen finite group, admits a 1-parameter family of G2-structures with small torsion φ^t, obtained by gluing in Eguchi-Hanson spaces. It was shown by Joyce that φ^t can be perturbed to a torsion-free G2-structure \tilde{φ}^t for small values of t. Using norms adapted to the geometry of the manifold we give an alternative proof of the existence of \tilde{φ}^t. This alternative proof produces the estimate || \tilde{φ}^t-φ^t ||_{C^0} ≤ ct^{5/2}. This is an improvement over the previously known estimate || \tilde{φ}^t-φ^t ||_{C^0} ≤ ct^{1/2}. As part of the proof, we show that Eguchi-Hanson space admits a unique (up to scaling) harmonic form with decay, which is a result of independent interest. More generally, there exists a construction of torsion-free G2-structures on resolutions of a more general class of G2-orbifolds, given by Joyce and Karigiannis. We explain a construction of G2-instantons on these manifolds, which includes the case of G2-instantons on resolutions of T^7/Γ as a special case. The ingredients needed are a G2-instanton on the orbifold and a Fueter section over the singular set of the orbifold. In the general case, we make the very restrictive assumption that the Fueter section is pointwise rigid. In the special case of resolutions of T^7/Γ, the improved estimate for \tilde{φ}^t-φ^t allows to remove this assumption. As an application, we construct one new example of a G2-instanton on the resolution of (T^3 × K3)/\Z^2_2.
Hydrodynamic cavitation degradation of hydroquinone using swirl-type micro-nano bubble reactor
Creators: name: Li, Xuehua
name: Long, Zhongyan
name: Li, Xiaobing
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: This study reports the degradation of hydroquinone using lab-scale hydrodynamic cavitation approach (aswirl-type micro-nano bubble reactor), which is considered a green and effective method. The effects of inlet pressure, gas flow rate, pH and initial hydroquinone concentration on hydroquinone degradation were analyzed based on experimental research. After experiments investigation, it was concluded that with pH 7.38, hydroquinone concentration of 50 mg/L, and int pressure of 0.2 MPa, the degradation efficiency of hydroquinone reached 91.25% in wastewater. Furthermore, this study also investigated the degradation effect of hydroquinone wastewater by hydrodynamic cavitation combined with persulfate oxidation (HC+PS). The kinetics of hydroquinone degradation by HC or PS oxidation alone and HC+PS oxidation were also examined. Compared with the degradation method alone, the degradation of hydroquinone by HC+PS was more pronounced, and the enhancement factor was 4.55, which indicates that HC greatly enhances the oxidation capacity of PS. In additon, from viewpoint of energy consumption and operating cost, the synergy of HC+PS (1.05mM) is also the most promising combination. Based on the detection results of the Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) the possible degradation pathways of hydroquinone were analyzed: under the action of ·OH and the high temperature and pressure by cavitation process, the hydroquinone molecule undergoes dehydrogenation and ring-opening reaction, demethylation and decarboxylation reaction to produce intermediate products, which are finally converted into CO2 and H2O in micro-nano bubble cavitation process.
Recherches sur quelques dérivés du propylène.
Typoskript, verfasst von Fritz Schenker
Creators: name: Schenker, Fritz
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1925

description: Unvollständiges Typoskript mit handschriftlichen Korrekturen und Ergänzungen, undatiert, erstellt nach dem maschinenschriftlichen Durchschlag, bearbeitet im Hinblick auf das Doktorat an der Universität Genf.
Text mit Figuren
Heterozyklische Verbindungen, Vorlesung von Leopold Ruzicka.
Vorlesungsnachschrift, ausgearbeitet von Fritz Schenker
Creators: name: Schenker, Fritz
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1923

description: Nachschrift der Vorlesung, vorgetragen im Wintersemester 1923/24 an der ETH Zürich.
Text mit Figuren
Multi-view data integration by linear and non-linear dimensionality reduction
Creators: name: Rodosthenous, Theodoulos
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2021

description: Technological advancements and global data sharing allow for the collection of information from multiple sources on the same samples. Such data are usually referred to as multi-view data, and the dataset from each source as data-view. Statistical properties, such as heterogeneity and noise, make the analysis of multi-view data challenging. An integrative analysis of the different data-views, provides an improved and more accurate understanding of the data. In this thesis, both linear and non-linear solutions are investigated for the visualisation, clustering and classification of multi-view data. In particular, various solutions that perform data integration through dimensionality reduction are explored. Sparse solutions of Canonical Correlation Analysis, a well-known linear integration approach on two data-views, are described, and extensions to the analysis of multiple data-views are proposed. Further, adaptations of non-linear dimensionality reduction (or manifold learning) methods for multi-view data are presented. The proposed algorithms are based on t-distributed Stochastic Neighbour Embedding (t-SNE), Locally Linear Embedding (LLE) and Isometric Feature Mapping (ISOMAP). Manifold learning approach multi-SNE, the multi-view extension based on t-SNE was found to be the best performing solution, providing accurate visualisations of the samples, confirmed both qualitatively and quantitatively. An extension of the algorithm that allows the classification of the samples in a semi-supervised manner is introduced. The uncommon notion of incorporating the response variables as an additional data-view is explored on both linear and non-linear solutions. This thesis ends with the analysis of single-cell multi-omics data, a new and challenging type of biological data. The proposed linear and non-linear integrative algorithms were implemented for the estimation of cell subtypes, cell identification, visualisation and other tasks. This thesis investigates the limitations and strengths of the proposed algorithms through various experiments on numerous real and synthetic multi-view data.
As(V) adsorption by FeOOH@coal gangue composite from aqueous solution: performance and mechanisms
Creators: name: Chen, Min
name: Sun, Yuan
name: Niu, Jingwei
name: Zhou, Hai
name: Zhou, Yuzhi
name: Chen, Xiaoyang
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Marine Biology

description: Arsenic (As) pollution in water poses a significant threat to the ecological environment and human health. Meanwhile, the resource utilisation of coal gangue is of utmost importance in ecologically sustainable development. Thus, the FeOOH@coal gangue composite (FeOOH@CG) was synthesised for As(V) adsorption in this study. The results showed that α-FeOOH, β-FeOOH and Schwertmannite loaded on the surface of FeOOH@CG. Moreover, the adsorption behaviour of As(V) by FeOOH@CG was investigated under different reaction conditions, such as pH, contact time, initial concentration and co-existing anions. The optimum adsorption conditions were as follows: initial As(V) concentration of 60 mg/L, pH of 3.0 and adsorption time of 180–240 h. The adsorption capacity of FeOOH@CG for As(V) was pH-dependent and the maximum adsorption capacity was 185.94 mg/g. The presence of anions (H2PO4−, HCO3− and Cl−) decreased the adsorption efficiency of FeOOH@CG for As(V). The adsorption process of FeOOH@CG for As(V) could be well-described by the pseudo-second-order model and Langmuir model, indicating that the adsorption process mainly depended on chemical adsorption. The thermodynamic analysis suggested that the adsorption was a spontaneous and endothermic process. In addition, according to the analyses of XRD, FTIR and XPS, the dominant mechanisms of As(V) adsorption by FeOOH@CG were electrostatic attraction, complexation and precipitation. In conclusion, FeOOH@CG has great potential as an efﬁcient and environmentally friendly adsorbent for As(V) adsorption from aqueous solution.
Probabilistic and causal reasoning in deep learning for imaging
Creators: name: Pawlowski, Nick
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2021

description: Typical machine learning research in the imaging domain occurs in clearly defined environments on clean datasets without considering realistic deployment scenarios. However, applied machine learning systems are exposed to unexpected distribution shifts and still need to produce reliable predictions without relying on spurious correlations. Similarly, such systems encounter ambiguous or unseen inputs and need to communicate their uncertainty. Often, AI systems support a human operator and should provide interpretable explanations of their decisions. This thesis argues for a probabilistic and causal approach to machine learning that is robust to spurious correlations, improves interpretability, and communicates uncertainty. First, we investigate the learning abilities of neural networks that are constrained to extracting information from image patches. We show that careful network design can prevent shortcut learning and that restricting the receptive field can improve the interpretability of predictions. We tackle uncertainty estimation by introducing a Bayesian deep learning method to approximate the posterior distribution of the weights of a neural network using an implicit distribution. We verify that our method is capable of solving predictive tasks while providing reliable uncertainty estimates. Moving on, we frame various medical prediction tasks within the framework of outlier detection. We apply deep generative modelling to brain MR and CT images as well as histopathology images and show that it is possible to detect pathologies as outliers under a normative model of healthy samples. Next, we propose deep structural causal models as a framework capable of capturing causal relationships between imaging and non-imaging data. Our experiments provide evidence that this framework is capable of all rungs of the causal hierarchy. Finally, with further thoughts on applications of uncertainty estimation, robust causal estimation, and fairness we conclude that the safe and reliable deployment of AI systems to real-world scenarios requires the integration of probabilistic and causal reasoning.
Modeling the impact of biopores on root growth and root water uptake
Creators: name: Landl, Magdalena
name: Schnepf, Andrea
name: Uteau, Daniel
name: Peth, Stephan
name: Athmann, Miriam
name: Kautz, Timo
name: Perkons, Ute
name: Vereecken, Harry
name: Vanderborght, Jan
Publisher: name: Hoboken, NJ : Wiley
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Triticum aestivum
subject: Computerized tomography
subject: Flow of water
subject: Plants (botany)
subject: Silt
subject: Textures
subject: Water resources
subject: Environmental conditions
subject: Preferential growth
subject: Root length density
subject: Root-water uptake
subject: Soil penetration resistance
subject: Spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)
subject: Total root lengths
subject: X-ray computed tomography scan
subject: drought
subject: environmental conditions
subject: growth
subject: hard soil
subject: modeling
subject: root architecture
subject: root system
subject: silty loam
subject: soil texture
subject: soil-vegetation interaction
subject: subsoil
subject: water flow
subject: water uptake
subject: wheat
subject: Soil surveys
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::620 | Ingenieurwissenschaften und Maschinenbau::624 | Ingenieurbau und Umwelttechnik

description: Roots are known to use biopores as preferential growth pathways to overcome hard soil layers and access subsoil water resources. This study evaluates root- biopore interactions at the root-system scale under different soil physical and environmental conditions using a mechanistic simulation model and extensive experimental field data. In a field experiment, spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) was grown on silt loam with a large biopore density. X-ray computed tomography scans of soil columns from the field site were used to provide a realistic biopore network as input for the three-dimensional numerical R-SWMS model, which was then applied to simulate root architecture as well as water flow in the root-biopore-soil continuum. The model was calibrated against observed root length densities in both the bulk soil and biopores by optimizing root growth model input parameters. By implementing known interactions between root growth and soil penetration resistance into our model, we could simulate root systems whose response to biopores in the soil corresponded well to experimental observations described in the literature, such as increased total root length and increased rooting depth. For all considered soil physical (soil texture and bulk density) and environmental conditions (years of varying dryness), we found biopores to substantially mitigate transpiration deficits in times of drought by allowing roots to take up water from wetter and deeper soil layers. This was even the case when assuming reduced root water uptake in biopores due to limited root-soil contact. The beneficial impact of biopores on root water uptake was larger for more compact and less conductive soils.
Microwave Disinfection Strengthened by a Biochar-based Microwave Absorbing Material for Sewage Resource Utilization
Creators: name: Wang, Dongmei
name: Chen, Qianxi
name: Hui, Binyu
name: Yuan, Kai
name: Zou, Xianbing
name: Ma, Nan
name: Gong, Zhengjun
name: Fan, Meikun
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Plant Biology

description: Proper disinfection treatment is the basic guarantee for safe utilization of sewage. However, the commonly used disinfection methods are not suitable for nutrients containing reclaimed water. In this work, the microwave disinfection method assisted by a microwave-absorbing material in recycled water samples was investigated. Magnetic corn stalk biochar (MCSB), the microwave absorbing material, was prepared by high temperature carbonization of corn stalk particles impregnated with ferrous sulfate. Escherichia coli and fecal coliforms were selected as target microorganisms to investigate the disinfection efficiency of MCSB assisted microwave radiation (MW/MCSB). The addition of microwave absorbing materials significantly improves the disinfection effect of water samples. Compared with the microwave radiation (MW) without MCSB, the bactericidal rate by using 107 CFU/L E. coli suspension increased from 63.5% to 100% at 480 W for 30 s after adding 4 g/L MCSB. Besides, the effects of MCSB dosage, microwave power, microwave radiation time, and initial bacterial concentration on disinfection efficiency were explored. Moreover, the bactericidal efficiency for actual sewage samples was also demonstrated by treating the effluent from septic tank sewage. The residual fecal coliforms in treated water samples met China’s farmland irrigation water standard (GB 5084-2021). The result indicates that the proposed method of microwave disinfection strengthened by MCSB has a promising application prospect for reclaimed water disinfection.
Wet sieving versus dry crushing: Soil microaggregates reveal different physical structure, bacterial diversity and organic matter composition in a clay gradient
Creators: name: Felde, Vincent J.M.N.L.
name: Schweizer, Steffen A.
name: Biesgen, Danh
name: Ulbrich, Angela
name: Uteau, Daniel
name: Knief, Claudia
name: Graf‐Rosenfellner, Markus
name: Kögel‐Knabner, Ingrid
name: Peth, Stephan
Publisher: name: Oxford [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: aggregate breakdown dynamics
subject: aggregate carbon
subject: aggregate separation
subject: aggregate stability
subject: aggregation
subject: microaggregate
subject: microbial community structure
subject: SOM distribution
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::630 | Landwirtschaft, Veterinärmedizin
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::640 | Hauswirtschaft und Familienleben
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::550 | Geowissenschaften

description: Soil microaggregates contain particles of different sizes, which may affect their potential to store organic carbon (OC). A variety of methods can be used to isolate microaggregates from the larger soil structures, among which wet sieving approaches are widely employed. We developed a novel dry crushing method that isolates microaggregates along failure planes due to mechanical stresses rather than hydraulic pressures and compared the mechanical stability, OC contents and microbial community composition between dry-crushed and wet-sieved samples with contrasting clay contents. Dry-crushed samples exhibited a higher stability and bacterial diversity compared to wet-sieved samples. As a result, the dry-crushed microaggregates had different size distributions when analysed dry and after wetting. In the dry state, dry-crushed microaggregates were larger and contained more sand-sized primary particles within the aggregate structures. The wetting of dry-crushed aggregates caused a disintegration of larger microaggregates and sand-sized primary particles into smaller microaggregates that contained finer particles. In the soils with lower clay contents, the diameter of dry-crushed microaggregates was 40 μm larger due to more sand-sized primary particles remaining within the aggregates. Depending on how much volume in microaggregates is occupied by large primary particles, the OC concentration increased in the soil with higher clay content. Wet-sieved size fractions also showed a similar pattern of OC distribution, whereas more primary particles were observed outside of aggregates. Wet sieving approaches disperse the soil into OC-rich aggregates and might be preferable if OC dynamics are investigated. Differences in bacterial community composition in dependence on clay content were more pronounced in dry-crushed microaggregates. If intact aggregate architectures are of interest for the isolation of soil structural units, the presented dry crushing method might provide an advantageous alternative that also better preserves bacterial diversity.
Recherches sur quelques dérivés du propylène.
Textentwurf, verfasst von Fritz Schenker
Creators: name: Schenker, Fritz
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1925

description: Lose Notizen, datiert mit 21.7.1925, bearbeitet im Hinblick auf das Doktorat an der Universität Genf.
Text mit Figuren.
Abschliessend 4 Bl. leer
Saline wastewater treatment by bioelectrochemical process (BEC) based on Al-electrocoagulation and halophilic bacteria: Optimization using ANN with new approach
Creators: name: Gholami, Moeen
name: Souraki, Behrooz Abbasi
name: Shomali, Abbas
name: Pendashteh, Alireza
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Space Science
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: In the present study, a bioelectrochemical reactor (BEC) was utilized to treat two types of real saline produced water (PW). BEC was designed based on the combination of electrocoagulation (EC) process with halophilic microorganisms, and it was assessed in terms of biodegradation of hydrocarbons. The effects of various operating parameters including the current density, electrical contact time (On/Off), hydraulic retention time (HRT), and total dissolved solids (TDS) at different levels on the chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal efficiency, settleability, and performance of isolated halophilic microorganisms were examined. Additionally, a novel neural network (ANN) approach modelling using adaptive factors was used to predict and optimize the effects and interactions between operating parameters during BEC process by predicting complicated mechanisms and variations associated with microorganisms. In addition, a new algorithm was developed for the sensitivity analysis to achieve the optimum operating conditions and obtain maximum efficiency in COD removal, sludge volume index (SVI), mixed liquor suspended solids (MLSS), and specific electrical energy consumption (SEEC), simultaneously. BEC was found to be significantly more effective at removing most hydrocarbons, particularly pristine and phytane. In addition, the results showed a significant improvement in settling ability of the biological flocs with average SVI of 91.5 mL/g and a size of 178.25 μm using BEC. Based on estimated operating costs and energy consumption, BEC was more cost-effective and efficient than other bioelectrochemical systems.
Effects of mucilage concentration at different water contents on mechanical stability and elasticity in a loamy and a sandy soil
Creators: name: Rosskopf, Ulla
name: Uteau, Daniel
name: Peth, Stephan
Publisher: name: Oxford [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: compression index
subject: desorption curve
subject: elasticity index
subject: mechanical energy
subject: mechanical stability
subject: mucilage
subject: penetration resistance
subject: pre-compression stress
subject: root growth
subject: swelling index
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::630 | Landwirtschaft, Veterinärmedizin
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::640 | Hauswirtschaft und Familienleben
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::550 | Geowissenschaften

description: Mucilage released by plant roots affects hydrological and mechanical properties of the rhizosphere. The aim of this study was to disentangle the effects of the factors mucilage and soil moisture on a range of soil mechanical parameters in a sand and a loam. Both substrates were homogenised and filled into cylinders at bulk densities (ρb) of 1.26 and 1.47 g cm−3 for loam and sand, respectively. Chia seed (Salvia hispanica L.) mucilage concentrations of 0, 0.02, 0.2 and 2 g dry mucilage kg−1 dry soil were tested at four different gravimetric water contents in loam (θg = 0.34, 0.19, 0.14 and 0.09 g g−1) and three in sand (θg = 0.20, 0.06 and 0.04 g g−1). To quantify the influence of water content on the effect of mucilage on mechanical soil properties, two sets of samples were prepared, one for a micro penetrometer test, the other to measure bulk soil properties. Penetration tests were performed at 120 mm h−1 using a universal testing machine with a high-precision sensor equipped with a penetrometer conus resembling a root. Mechanical energies were determined by calculating the area of the time–force curves. The energy required for a root to grow in a loam at permanent wilting point was decreased from 0.31 J in the control to 0.26 J in the 2 g kg−1 mucilage treatment, whereas it increased from 0.05 J in the control to 0.08 J at the highest water content. Pre-compression stress (σpc), compression index (Cc), swelling index (Cs) and elasticity index were determined with a confined uniaxial compression test. σpc was increased by addition of mucilage in both substrates whereas the response on compressibility and elasticity was specific to substrate and water content. Here mucilage had a stronger impact on sand—the substrate with lower initial compressibility and elasticity. We conclude that the effect of mucilage on soil mechanical properties and subsequently on plant growth depends on the combined response of substrate and water content. Highlights: The influence of soil moisture on the mechanical effects of mucilage concentration was examined. Mucilage decreased the energy required for root growth in a loam at the permanent wilting point. Higher mucilage concentrations increased compressibility and elasticity in sand. Effect of mucilage on mechanical parameters depends on interaction between substrate and moisture.
Simultaneous removal of sulfide and bicarbonate from synthetic wastewater using an algae-assisted microbial fuel cell
Creators: name: Khandelwal, Amitap
name: Lens, Piet N. L.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: The anaerobic digestion (AD) process is one of the most practiced technologies for the remediation of organic waste and maximization of energy recovery in terms of biogas or biomethane. The presence of other gaseous components in biogas, e.g. CO2 and H2S, often makes its direct application in engines and electricity production unsuitable. This work aimed to develop and utilize an algae-assisted microbial fuel cell (AMFC) for the purification of biogas by removing both CO2 and H2S and simultaneous bioelectricity generation. In addition to biogas clean-up, elemental sulfur recovery and CO2 utilization for algae cultivation add value to the proposed AMFC process. Experiments were performed with both sulfide and bicarbonate in their dissolved form, in the respective anodic and cathodic chambers of the AMFC. The sulfide concentration was varied from 100 to 800 mg/l and the AMFC exhibited a sulfide removal efficiency exceeding 97% at all concentrations tested. The process efficiency dropped, however, at sulfide concentrations above 300 mg/l in terms of both sulfide removal and power output. The AMFC performed best at 400 mg/l sulfide by exhibiting a power density of 24.99 mW/m3 and sulfide removal efficiency of 98.87%. The system exhibited columbic efficiency (CE %) in the range of 7.85% to 80%. The total alkalinity representing CO2, carbonate and bicarbonate levels in the algae-based system was reduced by 49.54%. The electrical energy recovered from the AMFC was 0.1 kWh/m3 and the total energy recovery, which is the sum of the electrical and algal lipid energy, amounted to 7.25 kWh/m3.
Neue Derivate des Moschus.
Aufzeichnungen, notiert von Fritz Schenker
Creators: name: Schenker, Fritz
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1924

description: Laborjournal, mit einführend Angaben aus der chem. Literatur, bearbeitet 1924 im Rahmen der Arbeiten am Laboratoire de Chimie technique et théorique an der Universität Genf.
Text auf 76 pag. Seiten und eingelegten, zum Teil geklebten Blättern, mit Figuren
Characterizing uncertainty in process-based hydraulic modeling, exemplified in a semiarid Inner Mongolia steppe
Creators: name: Zhao, Ying
name: Wang, Haixia
name: Song, Bing
name: Xue, Pengfei
name: Zhang, Wangchen
name: Peth, Stephan
name: Lee Hill, Robert
name: Horn, Rainer
Publisher: name: Amsterdam [u.a.] : Elsevier Science
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Evapotranspiration
subject: Root water uptake
subject: Soil moisture simulation
subject: Uncertainty analysis
subject: Unsaturated hydraulic conductivity
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::550 | Geowissenschaften
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::900 | Geschichte und Geografie::910 | Geografie, Reisen

description: Assessing root sources of three uncertainties – parameterization of soil hydraulic characteristics, boundary conditions, and estimation of source/sink terms – is a significant challenge in soil water transport modeling. This study aims to evaluate the uncertainty of three each widely-used parameter estimation methods affecting plot-scale water dynamics. The study employs HYDRUS, a process-based hydrologic model, to incorporate these uncertainties and compare model predictions to measured values in a semiarid Inner Mongolia steppe, China. Soil hydraulic parameters are determined using two direct methods (laboratory-derived approach and evaporation method) and one indirect method (neural network). While each hydraulic parameter method generally simulates soil moisture dynamics, the evaporation method performed better, especially under dry conditions. This suggests that measuring the intensity properties, such as unsaturated hydraulic conductivity, with the evaporation method is crucial for reasonable soil moisture simulation. The study also demonstrates the impact of different applied boundary conditions on simulated soil moisture, specifically the partitioning of reference FAO evapotranspiration via one direct method (soil fraction cover) and two indirect methods (leaf area index and crop height). The partitioning via soil fraction cover reflected a better simulation. Additionally, the study compares the uncertainties of root water uptake function with root growth parameters and constant root depth referenced to grass and pasture, and finds no significant difference among them. Comparing three sources of uncertainty in predicting soil moisture, the study concludes that the input soil hydraulic parameter is more sensitive than evapotranspiration partitioning or representation of root water uptake function. Our study highlights that measuring soil intensity properties can better reflect the effects of land use change, such as compaction, on field water transports.