cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Impact of field heterogeneity on the dynamics of the forced Kuramoto model
Creators: name: Yoon, S.
name: Wright, E. A. P.
name: Mendes, J. F. F.
name: Goltsev, A. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We studied the impact of field heterogeneity on entrainment in a system of uniformly interacting phase oscillators. Field heterogeneity is shown to induce dynamical heterogeneity in the system. In effect, the heterogeneous field partitions the system into interacting groups of oscillators that feel the same local field strength and phase. Based on numerical and analytical analysis of the explicit dynamical equations derived from the periodically forced Kuramoto model, we found that the heterogeneous field can disrupt entrainment at different field frequencies when compared to the homogeneous field. This transition occurs when the phase- and frequency-locked synchronization between groups of oscillators is broken at a critical field frequency, causing each group to enter a new dynamical state (disrupted state). Strikingly, it is shown that disrupted dynamics can differ between groups.
description: 10 pages, 7 figures
Emergent eigenstate solution for generalized thermalization
Creators: name: Zhang, Yicheng
name: Vidmar, Lev
name: Rigol, Marcos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Generalized thermalization is a process that occurs in integrable systems in which unitary dynamics, e.g., following a quantum quench, results in states in which observables after equilibration are described by generalized Gibbs ensembles (GGEs). Here we discuss an emergent eigenstate construction that allows one to built emergent local Hamiltonians of which one eigenstate captures the entire generalized thermalization process following a global quantum quench. Specifically, we study the emergent eigenstate that describes the quantum dynamics of hard-core bosons in one dimension (1D) for which the initial state is a density wave and they evolve under a homogeneous Hamiltonian.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures
Maîtrise de la résistance aux antibiotiques : le rôle d’une équipe mobile d’antibiothérapie
Creators: name: Diamantis, Sylvain
name: Siaud, Benoît
name: Bonutto, Cédric
name: Ombandza, Edgar
name: Starczala, Éric
name: Pateyron, Fabienne
name: Fejal, Mohamed
Publisher: name: Health & Co
Year: 2017
Subjects: ANTIBIOTHÉRAPIE
ANTIBIOTIQUES
BACTÉRIE HAUTEMENT RÉSISTANTE EMERGENTE
BÊTA-LACTAMASE
BON USAGE DES ANTIBIOTIQUES

description: Introduction. L’augmentation de la résistance aux antibiotiques avec l’émergence de bactéries hautement résistantes aux antibiotiques dans les structures de soins menace le fonctionnement des hôpitaux français. Le rôle d’un infectiologue référent antibiotique dans une équipe pluridisciplinaire est peu décrit, ni évalué. Objectifs. Rapporter l’expérience et évaluer l’impact d’une équipe mobile d’antibiothérapie (EMA) après implémentation d’un programme de bon usage des antibiotiques (Antibiotic stewardship). Matériel et méthodes. Description du programme de bon usage des antibiotiques commencé au centre hospitalier de Provins. Une évaluation de son impact sur la consommation d’antibiotiques et l’évolution des résistances bactériennes isolées de prélèvements cliniques positifs à Escherichia coli et Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Résultats. Après dix-sept mois, nous observons une baisse de plus de 50 % de la consommation de fluoroquinolones et carbapénèmes en réanimation. Le changement de classe d’antibiotique est réalisé en faveur de molécules à moindre impact écologique comme le cotrimoxazole, les macrolides et les pénicillines au détriment respectivement des fluoroquinolones et carbapénèmes. Il est observé concomitamment une chute de 40 % des résistances aux fluoroquinolones chez Pseudomonas aeruginosa et E. coli. Conclusion. L’implémentation d’un programme de bon usage des antibiotiques par une EMA permet une chute rapide des consommations d’antibiotiques critiques ainsi qu’une baisse des résistances bactériennes. Ces résultats doivent justifier auprès des pouvoirs publics le financement de temps médical dédié.
Issues in designing a distributed, object-based programming system
Creators: name: Chin, Roger Steven
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Objects are entities which encapsulate data and those operations which manipulate the data. A distributed, object-based programming system (or DOBPS) is a distributed operating system which has been designed to support an object-based programming language and, in particular, an object abstraction. DOBPSs have the benefits of simplifying program construction and improving the performance of programs by providing efficient, system-level support for the abstractions used by the language. Many DOBPSs also permit hardware and software failures to be tolerated. This thesis introduces a definition for the term "distributed, object-based programming system" and identifies the features, that are related to objects, which are required by an operating system of a DOBPS. A classification scheme is presented that categorizes and characterizes these features to permit a number of implementation techniques to be easily examined, compared, and contrasted.
Bifaciality Optimization of Silicon Heterojunction Solar Cells
Creators: name: Danel, A.
name: Eymard, J.
name: Pernoud, F.
name: Diaz, J.
name: Debourdeau, M.
name: Quemin, M.
name: Bettinelli, A.
name: Basset, L.
name: Sicot, L.
name: Harrison, S.
name: Varache, R.
name: Gerritsen, E.
name: Ribeyron, P.-J.
name: Roux, C.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2019
Subjects: Silicon Materials and Cells
Heterojunction Solar Cells

description: 36th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 224-228
description: Silicon heterojunction solar cells are bifacial by nature and their bifaciality coefficient can be easily tuned, from almost 0 for mono-facial cells to typically 90% for bifacial cells, and even 100% but at the expense of the conversion efficiency. For operation in outdoor conditions offering extra light at the backside (BIFI >0), the effective performance of bifacial systems was estimated from the trade off between the cell efficiency and bifaciality. The efficiency of rear-emitter cell decreases with bifaciality and strongly drops for very high bifaciality, because of the use of limiting amorphous layers, especially too thin at backside, and the use of too resistive or too shading metal grids. Thus, an optimum can be found for a given BIFI. Varying cell bifaciality by screen printed grid dissymmetry, the system output in a large range of BIFI is maximum for cell bifaciality ranging from 85% to 90%, typically corresponding to front side metal grid pitch around 2mm and backside pitch from 0.6 to 0.9mm. For a given backside to front side dissymmetry of cell efficiency related to deposited thin layers, the use of optimal metal grid can offer 0.5% relative energy production gain. Considering specific applications where symmetrical print is preferred, the optimal grid pitch is around 1.5mm. For mono-facial systems, it was found that the use of bifacial cells gives a benefit thanks to embedded reflection in glass-back-sheet modules. The optimization of cell bifaciality pointed out in this work must also be considered with silver paste costs: saving when moving to higher bifaciality or a balance between extra cost and higher performances when dense grid for low bifaciality is preferred.
Converter Based PV-Emulator Using Artificial Neural Network Control Strategy
Creators: name: Eskandari, A.
name: Milimonfared, J.
name: Aghaei, M.
name: Bolouky, M.
name: Vidal De Oliveira, A.K.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2019
Subjects: Photovoltaic Modules and BoS Components
Inverters and Balance of System Components

description: 36th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 1220-1223
description: Photovoltaic (PV) Emulators with the highest precision and fast response plays a crucial role to test and monitor PV systems performance as real-time. However, designing a precise Photovoltaic Emulator is difficult due to PV parameters are very dependent to weather and environment conditions. In addition, PV has nonlinear characteristics, which makes the PV emulator design more complicate. Moreover, converter based PV Emulators are designed with conventional controller, which has nonlinear behaviour and variation parameters in converters and it, makes PV systems instable. The main purpose of this paper is to propose a PV Emulator based on a DC-DC Buck converter using Artificial Neural Network (ANN) algorithm combined with Proportional Integral (PI) controller in order to overcome afore mentioned challenges. In addition, a mathematical model is used for emulating PV module characteristics in order to simplicity and easy implementation. This PV Emulator evaluates PV systems in various conditions including solar irradiance, temperature and load. However, results demonstrate that the proposed method is very accurate, reliable and fast for any condition.
Conflict and Competition between Model-based and Model-free Control
Creators: name: Lei, Yuqing
Publisher: name: Digital Repository at the University of Maryland
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cognitive psychology
subject: Neurosciences
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cognitive Conflict
subject: Cognitive Control
subject: Decision Making
subject: Model-based
subject: Model-free
subject: Reinforcement Learning

description: There are two learning systems behind human decision-making: the model-based (MB) system and the model-free (MF) system. While they both contribute to decision-making behaviors, it is not clear how the two systems interact to formulate a single decision, especially when they are in conflict. This present thesis defines decision conflict between the systems in two popular binary-choice tasks: Daw’s Two-step task and Kool’s Rocket Task. We used hierarchical modeling to identify conflict-related changes during decision process using the Drift-Diffusion Model (DDM). Evidence showed that the MB system compromises when there is a conflict with the MF system, whether the conflict is on the valuational level or action level. We also looked at how a key component of obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD), the cognitive self-consciousness (CSC), affects the two learning systems during decision.
APCVD Based Stacked Co-Diffusion for Multicrystalline Silicon p-PERT Solar Cells
Creators: name: Fichtner, J.
name: Micard, G.
name: Koschnick, F.
name: Zunft, H.
name: Zuschlag, A.
name: Hahn, G.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2019
Subjects: Silicon Materials and Cells
Homojunction Solar Cells

description: 36th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 161-166
description: We present a cost-effective approach for bifacial p-type mc-Si PERT (passivated emitter and rear totally diffused) solar cells. One of the key elements is a co-diffusion without the use of POCl3 and BBr3 / BCl3. Both, phosphorous and boron containing silicate glass is deposited on the wafer surfaces at atmospheric pressure by chemical vapor deposition (APCVD). This approach allows diffusions without the need of wafer-spacing. Therefore, the wafers can be in direct contact during the co-diffusion, highly increasing the throughput. This work demonstrates the feasibility of the described approach based on a comparison to a reference process in which the diffusion is carried out with conventional wafer-spacing. Sheet resistance and doping profiles do not depend on the position within a stack of 75 wafers and match with the wafers co-diffused with conventional spacing. Despite the direct contact of the wafers during the stacked codiffusion, no cross-doping was observed. Impurity gettering in stacked co-diffusion is very effective and comparable to the reference process. Finally, a comparison of conventional co-diffused and first stacked co-diffused bifacial p-type mc-Si PERT solar cells is provided.
Power Curtailment and PV Panel Operating Voltage
Creators: name: Järvelä, M.
name: Valkealahti, S.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2019
Subjects: PV Systems and Storage – Modelling, Design, Operation and Performance
Operation, Performance and Maintenance of PV Systems

description: 36th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 1549-1553
description: PV generator cannot always operate on its maximum power point. This can be due to large DC-to-AC power ratio, overirradiance events or grid-code compliance. The PV generator power is usually limited by increasing the operating voltage, which decreases the current. The PV generator voltage affects the operation of the inverter and lifetimes of some of the DC side components, such as DC link capacitors and IGBTs. We analyzed the effect of different power limits to the operating voltage range of a typical polycrystalline silicon PV panel. Twelve months of irradiance and PV panel temperature measurement data was used to calculate the current–voltage curves of a PV panel and, further, to analyze the operating points with varying static power limits. The smaller the power limit, the longer time the PV system operates in power limiting mode. The maximum operating voltages can be observed on partly cloudy days when an overirradiance event is preceded by a shaded period that is long enough for the PV panel to cool down considerably. Based on our measurement data, in Nordic conditions the actual operating voltage can be higher than the nominal open circuit voltage when the DC-to-AC ratio is higher than 1.5. On clear-sky days, a PV system with oversized PV generator is operating in power-limiting mode throughout the peak production hours, but due to the high operating temperature of the panels, operating voltages stay on moderate levels.
Comparison of Accelerated Ageing and Metastabilities between CIGS Based Solar Cells and Thin-Film Modules
Creators: name: Vidal Lorbada, R.
name: Lavrenko, T.
name: Mücke, D.
name: Walter, T.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2019
Subjects: Perovskites, other Non-Silicon-Based Photovoltaics and Multi-Junction Devices
CI(G)S, CdTe and Related Thin Film Solar Cells

description: 36th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 645-648
description: The reliability of different CIGS devices (lab scale cells and mini-modules with P1/P2/P3 interconnects) has been investigated after accelerated aging treatments. These treatments consisted in maintaining the sample devices inside a climate chamber at high temperatures and in some cases applying on them a voltage bias reverse or forward. The degradation of the performance was studied with optical and electrical characterization techniques (I-V, C-V and Photoluminescence imaging), and the characteristics of both types of devices were compared before and after the accelerated ageing treatment was applied. Our findings suggest that the degradation of both device types is similar. In both cases the open circuit voltage, the fill factor and the efficiency were reduced, the only exception being the devices that were treated with a forward bias (both mini-modules and lab scale cells), in which these parameters were found to be stable during the treatment. Additionally, one difference was found during the treatment under a reverse voltage bias, namely that the saturation current was reduced in the case of mini-modules but not in the case of lab scale cells.
Organizational Culture & Professional Conduct.pdf
Creators: name: Hokan, Warren
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 220102 Business Ethics
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: 220199 Applied Ethics not elsewhere classified
subject: 150305 Human Resources Management
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: A short article on the culture of international organizations with respect to professional conduct - the current paradigm and the need for change.
How modular structure determines operational resilience of power grids
Creators: name: Kim, Heetae
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: The synchronization stability has been analyzed as one of the important dynamical characteristics of power grids. In this study, we bring the operational perspective to the synchronization stability analysis by counting not only full but also partial synchronization between nodes. To do so, we introduce two distinct measures that estimate the operational resilience of power-grid nodes: functional stability and functional resistance. We demonstrate the practical applicability of the measures in a model network motif and an IEEE test power grid. As a case study of German power grid, we reveal that the modular structure of a power grid and particular unidirectional current flow determine the distribution of the operational resilience of power-grid nodes. Reproducing our finding on clustered benchmark networks, we validate the modular effect on power grid stability and confirm that our measures can be the insightful tools to understand the power grids' synchronization dynamics.
Thermodynamic uncertainty relation in the overdamped limit with a magnetic Lorentz force
Creators: name: Park, Jong-Min
name: Park, Hyunggyu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In nonequilibrium systems, the relative fluctuation of a current has a universal trade-off relation with the entropy production, called the thermodynamic uncertainty relation (TUR). For systems with broken time reversal symmetry, its violation has been reported in specific models or in the linear response regime. Here, we derive a modified version of the TUR analytically in the overdamped limit for general Langevin dynamics with a magnetic Lorentz force causing time reversal broken. Remarkably, this modified version is simply given by the conventional TUR scaled by the ratio of the reduced effective temperature of the overdamped motion to the reservoir temperature, permitting a violation of the conventional TUR. Without the Lorentz force, this ratio becomes unity and the conventional TUR is restored. We verify our results both analytically and numerically in a specific solvable system.
description: 15 pages
Quasi-quark spectrum in the chiral symmetric phase from the Schwinger-Dyson equation
Creators: name: Harada, Masayasu
name: Nemoto, Yukio
name: Yoshimoto, Shunji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We non-perturbatively study the fermion spectrum in the chiral symmetric phase from the Schwinger-Dyson equation with the Feynman gauge, in which we perform an analytic continuation of the solution on the imaginary time axis to the real time axis with a method employing an integral equation. It is shown that the fermion spectrum has two peaks, which correspond to the normal quasi-fermion and the plasmino, although these peaks in the strong coupling region are very broad, owing to multiple scatterings with gauge bosons. We find that the thermal mass of the quasi-fermion saturates at some value of the gauge coupling, beyond which the thermal (pole) mass satisfies $M \sim T$, independently of the value of the gauge coupling. We also comment on the appearance of a three-peak structure in the fermion spectrum as a non-perturbative effect.
description: 21 pages, 11 figures; This is the version published in Prog.Theor.Phys
Physical state for non-relativistic quantum electrodynamics
Creators: name: Hiroshima, Fumio
name: Suzuki, Akito
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A physical subspace and physical Hilbert space associated with asymptotic fields of nonrelativistic quantum electrodynamics are constructed through the Gupta-Bleuler procedure. Asymptotic completeness is shown and a physical Hamiltonian is defined on the physical Hilbert space.
Exponentially accelerated approach to stationarity in Markovian open quantum systems through the Mpemba effect
Creators: name: Carollo, Federico
name: Lasanta, Antonio
name: Lesanovsky, Igor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Ergodicity-breaking and slow relaxation are intriguing aspects of nonequilibrium dynamics both in classical and in quantum settings. These phenomena are typically associated with phase transitions, e.g. the emergence of metastable regimes near a first-order transition or scaling dynamics in the vicinity of critical points. Despite being of fundamental interest the associated divergent time scales are a hindrance when trying to explore steady-state properties. Here we show that the relaxation dynamics of Markovian open quantum systems can be accelerated exponentially by devising an optimal unitary transformation that is applied to the quantum system immediately before the actual dynamics. This initial "rotation" is engineered in such a way that the state of the quantum system becomes orthogonal to the slowest decaying dynamical mode. We illustrate our idea -- which is inspired by the so-called Mpemba effect, i.e., water freezing faster when initially heated up -- by showing how to achieve an exponential speed-up in the convergence to stationarity in Dicke models, and how to avoid metastable regimes in an all-to-all interacting spin system.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures
Gabor (Super)Frames with Hermite Functions
Creators: name: Gröchenig, Karlheinz
name: Lyubarskii, Yurii
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 42C15, 33C90, 94A12

description: We investigate vector-valued Gabor frames (sometimes called Gabor superframes) based on Hermite functions $H_n$. Let $h= (H_0, H_1, ..., H_n)$ be the vector of the first $n+1$ Hermite functions. We give a complete characterization of all lattices $Λ\subseteq \bR ^2$ such that the Gabor system $\{e^{2πi λ_2 t} \boh (t-λ_1): λ= (λ_1, λ_2) \in Λ\}$ is a frame for $L^2 (\bR, \bC ^{n+1})$. As a corollary we obtain sufficient conditions for a single Hermite function to generate a Gabor frame and a new estimate for the lower frame bound. The main tools are growth estimates for the Weierstrass $σ$-function, a new type of interpolation problem for entire functions on the Bargmann-Fock space, and structural results about vector-valued Gabor frames.
Energy transfers in shell models for MHD turbulence
Creators: name: Lessinnes, T.
name: Verma, M. K.
name: Carati, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A systematic procedure to derive shell models for MHD turbulence is proposed. It takes into account the conservation of ideal quadratic invariants such as the total energy, the cross-helicity and the magnetic helicity as well as the conservation of the magnetic energy by the advection term in the induction equation. This approach also leads to simple expressions for the energy exchanges as well as to unambiguous definitions for the energy fluxes. When applied to the existing shell models with nonlinear interactions limited to the nearest neighbour shells, this procedure reproduces well known models but suggests a reinterpretation of the energy fluxes.
description: 8 pages
Ionic gating in metallic superconductors: A brief review
Creators: name: Piatti, Erik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Ionic gating is a very popular tool to investigate and control the electric charge transport and electronic ground state in a wide variety of different materials. This is due to its capability to induce large modulations of the surface charge density by means of the electric-double-layer field-effect transistor (EDL-FET) architecture, and has been proven to be capable of tuning even the properties of metallic systems. In this short review, I summarize the main results which have been achieved so far in controlling the superconducting (SC) properties of thin films of conventional metallic superconductors by means of the ionic gating technique. I discuss how the gate-induced charge doping, despite being confined to a thin surface layer by electrostatic screening, results in a long-range "bulk" modulation of the SC properties by the coherent nature of the SC condensate, as evidenced by the observation of suppressions in the critical temperature of films much thicker than the electrostatic screening length, and by the pronounced thickness-dependence of their magnitude. I review how this behavior can be modelled in terms of proximity effect between the charge-doped surface layer and the unperturbed bulk with different degrees of approximation, and how first-principles calculations have been employed to determine the origin of an anomalous increase in the electrostatic screening length at ultrahigh electric fields, thus fully confirming the validity of the proximity effect model. Finally, I discuss a general framework - based on the combination of ab-initio Density Functional Theory and the Migdal-Eliashberg theory of superconductivity - by which the properties of any gated thin film of a conventional metallic superconductor can be determined purely from first principles.
description: 11 pages, 4 figures
Additional file 1 of Inferring person-to-person networks of Plasmodium falciparum transmission: are analyses of routine surveillance data up to the task?
Creators: name: Huber, John H.
name: Hsiang, Michelle S.
name: Dlamini, Nomcebo
name: Murphy, Maxwell
name: Vilakati, Sibonakaliso
name: Nhlabathi, Nomcebo
name: Lerch, Anita
name: Nielsen, Rasmus
name: Ntshalintshali, Nyasatu
name: Greenhouse, Bryan
name: Perkins, T. Alex
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1. Additional figures and tables.
Complexity and uncomplexity during energy injection
Creators: name: Lezgi, Mahsa
name: Ali-Akbari, Mohammad
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a strongly coupled field theory with a critical point and nonzero chemical potential at finite temperature, which is dual to an asymptotically AdS charged black hole. We study the evolution of the rescaled holographic subregion complexity near and far from the critical point. We explain two distinct concepts of complexity in this theory and discuss that the state under study is complex based on how much information is needed to specify the state and is simple according to how many operations have to be done to reach the state. It has been reported before that time evolution of holographic subregion complexity contradicts the second law of complexity in these AdS-Vaidya-like geometries, but we try to provide a compatible interpretation. We justify decreasing of complexity using an increasing number of microstates of the mixed state and speculate about the description of the relative complexity of the initial state and the final state as a resource. We propose that in this process complexity of the mixed state decreases and complexity of the environment increases. We also observe that in this model, the rescaled holographic subregion complexity is a good observable for probing the dynamical critical exponent.
Recent Progress of Solar Cell Development for CPV Applications at AZUR SPACE
Creators: name: Van Leest, R.H.
name: Fuhrmann, D.
name: Frey, A.
name: Meusel, M.
name: Reichmuth, S.K.
name: Steiner, M.
name: Siefer, G.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2019
Subjects: Perovskites, other Non-Silicon-Based Photovoltaics and Multi-Junction Devices
III-V and Related Compound Semiconductor Based Devices

description: 36th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 586-589
description: The next generation concentrator photovoltaic (CPV) product of AZUR SPACE will be a five-junction upright metamorphic (5J-UMM) cell with a target efficiency of 46% under concentrator standard testing conditions (CSTC: AM1.5d, 25°C). Additionally the cell design has been optimized for operating conditions (operation temperatures up to 90°C). Over the course of four iterations of 5J-UMM cells the current performance could be increased to 42.7% at 768 Suns. This cell is still significantly current mismatched. For a properly current matched cell with further improvements efficiencies up to 46% are expected. Additionally cells were implemented in AZUR SPACE’s Enhanced Fresnel Assemblies (EFAs) and C3PV Modules. The EFAs show similar results for both triple (3J) and quintuple (5J) cells. The module, however, shows 11% enhanced output power when equipped with 5J cells.
Characterisation of the Reverse DC Resistance due to Potential Induced Degradation (PID) in Crystalline PV Cells
Creators: name: Florides, M.
name: Livera, A.
name: Makrides, G.
name: Georghiou, G.E.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2019
Subjects: Photovoltaic Modules and BoS Components
PV Module Design, Manufacture, Performance and Reliability

description: 36th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 1050-1053
description: The measurement of the reverse DC resistance (RDCR) is employed by many researchers to approximate the shunt resistance (Rsh) and monitor PID progression. Its behaviour with PID progression and temperature at different PID stages is unknown. This requires the detailed characterisation of the RDCR at various bias conditions and temperatures to study whether when measured at different reverse bias conditions it affects the PID progression monitoring rate.
Decomposing USDA Ending Stocks Forecast Errors
Creators: name: Goyal, Raghav
name: Adjemian, Michael K.
name: Glauber, Joseph
name: Meyer, Seth
name: Goyal, Raghav
name: Adjemian, Michael K.
name: Glauber, Joseph
name: Meyer, Seth
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) publishes monthly Ending Stocks projections, providing an estimate of the end-of-marketing-year inventory of a particular commodity, which effectively summarizes supply and demand outlook. By comparing USDA's projections of balance sheet variables against their realized values from marketing years 1992/3 to 2019/20, we decompose ending stocks forecast errors into errors of the other supply and demand components. We apply a decision-tree-based ensemble Machine Learning (ML) algorithm, Extreme Gradient Boost Tree (EGBT), that uses a gradient boosting framework and is robust to multicollinearity. Our results indicate export and production misses to be the major contributors to ending stocks projection errors. Because foreign imports are likely tied to foreign production deficits, we likewise investigate how U.S. export errors are linked to USDA's foreign production and export forecast misses, country-by-country, and show that misses on production and export levels in China, Mexico, Brazil, and Europe cost USDA the most.
GHGs and AQ measurements over European cities using aerial and ground platforms as part of the ICARUS air pollution and climate change mitigation strategy
Creators: name: Maggos, Thomas
name: Soulos, Themis
name: M. Lenarčič
name: D. Kocman
name: T. Kanduč
name: P. Panagopoulos
name: H. Flocas
name: Ch. Vasilakos
name: A. Gotti
name: S. Karakitsios
name: D. Sarigiannis
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018

description: Presentation at the ICCCC 2018, Limasol, Cyprus
The evolution of the mass-metallicity relations from the VANDELS survey and the GAEA Semi-Analytic model
Creators: name: Fontanot, Fabio
name: Calabrò, Antonello
name: Talia, Margherita
name: Mannucci, Filippo
name: Castellano, Marco
name: Cresci, Giovanni
name: De Lucia, Gabriella
name: Gallazzi, Anna
name: Hirschmann, Michaela
name: Pentericci, Laura
name: Xie, Lizhi
name: Amorin, Ricardo
name: Bolzonella, Micol
name: Bongiorno, Angela
name: Cucciati, Olga
name: Cullen, Fergus
name: Fynbo, Johan P. U.
name: Hathi, Nimish
name: Hibon, Pascale
name: McLure, Ross J.
name: Pozzetti, Lucia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, we study the evolution of the mass-metallicity relations (MZRs) as predicted by the GAlaxy Evolution and Assembly (GAEA) semi-analytic model. We contrast these predictions with recent results from the VANDELS survey, that allows us to expand the accessible redshift range for the stellar MZR up to $z\sim3.5$. We complement our study by considering the evolution of the gas-phase MZR in the same redshift range. We show that GAEA is able to reproduce the observed evolution of the $z<3.5$ gas-phase MZR and $z<0.7$ stellar MZR, while it overpredicts the stellar metallicity at $z\sim3.5$. Furthermore, GAEA also reproduces the so-called fundamental metallicity relation (FMR) between gas-phase metallicity, stellar mass and star formation rate (SFR). In particular, the gas-phase FMR in GAEA is already in place at $z\sim5$ and shows almost no evolution at lower redshift. GAEA predicts the existence of a stellar FMR, that is, however, characterized by a relevant redshift evolution, although its shape follows closely the gas-phase FMR. We also report additional unsolved tensions between model and data: the overall normalization of the predicted MZR agrees with observations only within $\sim$0.1 dex; the largest discrepancies are seen at $z\sim3.5$ where models tend to slightly overpredict observed metallicities; the slope of the predicted MZR at fixed SFR is too steep below a few ${\rm M}_\odot\ {\rm yr}^{-1}$. Finally, we provide model predictions for the evolution of the MZRs at higher redshifts, that would be useful in the context of future surveys, like those that will be performed with JWST.
description: 12 pages, 8 figures, MNRAS accepted, replaced to match the published version
Ends in Activities
Creators: name: Cho, Kyoungmin
Publisher: name: University of Illinois at Chicago
Year: 2024

description: My dissertation is about the ultimate source of justification for human action: it seeks to understand how the particular choices we make, and actions we perform thereby, are ultimately justified. It addresses this issue by focusing on a venerable philosophical problem -- the problem of the infinite regress of ends. In my dissertation, I argue that this problem of regress can only be solved if we employ a neglected idea from Aristotle -- namely, of action viewed as activity (energeia). I maintain that since activity in the Aristotelian sense is an end for itself and is therefore justified by itself, it is the ultimate source of justification for human action.
Finding the Sweet Spot for Frame Aggregation in 802.11 WLANs
Creators: name: Saldana, Jose
name: Topal, Omer
name: Ruiz-Mas, Jose
name: Fernandez-Navajas, Julian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This letter proposes an algorithm for the dynamic tuning of the maximum size of aggregated frames in 802.11 WLANs. Traffic flows with opposed requirements may coexist in these networks: traditional services as web browsing or file download that need high throughput, and services with realtime requirements that need low latency. The proposed algorithm allows the network manager to find an optimal balance (i.e. the "sweet spot" between throughput and latency: a "delay budget" can be assigned to real-time flows, with the objective of keeping the latency as close as possible to that budget, while penalizing the throughput of traditional services as little as possible.
Ferroelectric Phase Transitions in Ultra-thin Films of BaTiO3
Creators: name: Paul, Jaita
name: Nishimatsu, Takeshi
name: Kawazoe, Y.
name: Waghmare, Umesh V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present molecular dynamics simulations of a realistic model of an ultrathin film of BaTiO$_3$ sandwiched between short-circuited electrodes to determine and understand effects of film thickness, epitaxial strain and the nature of electrodes on its ferroelectric phase transitions as a function of temperature. We determine a full epitaxial strain-temperature phase diagram in the presence of perfect electrodes. Even with the vanishing depolarization field, we find that ferroelectric phase transitions to states with in-plane and out-of-plane components of polarization exhibit dependence on thickness; it arises from the interactions of local dipoles with their electrostatic images in the presence of electrodes. Secondly, in the presence of relatively bad metal electrodes which only partly compensate the surface charges and depolarization field, a qualitatively different phase with stripe-like domains is stabilized at low temperature.
First principles correction scheme for linear-response time-dependent density functional theory calculations of core electronic states
Creators: name: Bussy, Augustin
name: Hutter, Jürg
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Linear-response time-dependent density functional theory (LR-TDDFT) for core level spectroscopy using standard local functionals suffers from self-interaction error and a lack of orbital relaxation upon creation of the core hole. As a result, LR-TDDFT calculated X-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES) spectra need to be shifted along the energy axis to match experimental data. We propose a correction scheme based on many body perturbation theory to calculate the shift from first principles. The ionization potential of the core donor state is first computed and then substituted for the corresponding Kohn--Sham orbital energy, thus emulating Koopmans' condition. Both self-interaction error and orbital relaxation are taken into account. The method exploits the localized nature of core states for efficiency and integrates seamlessly in our previous implementation of core level LR-TDDFT, yielding corrected spectra in a single calculation. We benchmark the correction scheme on molecules at the K- and L-edges as well as for core binding energies and report accuracies comparable to higher order methods. We also demonstrate applicability in large and extended systems and discuss efficient approximations.
description: The following article has been submitted to The Journal of Chemical Physics
The dynamics of a charged particle
Creators: name: Rohrlich, Fritz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using physical arguments, I derive the physically correct equations of motion for a classical charged particle from the Lorentz-Abraham-Dirac equations (LAD) which are well known to be physically incorrect. Since a charged particle can classically not be a point particle because of the Coulomb field divergence, my derivation accounts for that by imposing a basic condition on the external force. That condition ensures that the particle's finite size charge distribution looks like a point charge to the external force. Finite radius charge distributions are known not to lead to differential equations of motion. The present work is in agreemnent with the results by Spohn and by others. An example, uniform acceleration, demonstrates what the above basic condition entails. For clarity of the argument, I discuss the non-relativistic case before the relativistic one.
description: 11 pages
Fired Hydrogenated AZO Layers: A New Passivation Approach for High Temperature Passivated Contact Solar Cells
Creators: name: Bruhat, E.
name: Desrues, T.
name: Blanc-Pélissier, D.
name: Martel, B.
name: Cabal, R.
name: Dubois, S.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2019
Subjects: Silicon Materials and Cells
Homojunction Solar Cells

description: 36th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 208-213
description: Polysilicon (poly-Si) based passivating contacts are promising to improve silicon solar cells conversion efficiency. However, the use of Transparent Conductive Oxides (TCO) has to be considered to improve lateral conductivity while maintaining good optical and surface passivation properties. In this work different Aluminum-doped Zinc Oxide (AZO) based contacts have been investigated after high temperature firing steps to contact Phosphorus-doped poly-Si layers. Good conductivities of the AZO layer have been maintained thanks to aluminum oxide capping layers. Contact resistivity below 100 mΩ.cm2 at the AZO/n+ poly-Si interface and stable implied open circuit voltage values (> 715 mV) have been obtained for firing temperatures from 550°C to 850°C. Moreover, integration of the developed AZO stacks on standard p+ boron-diffused homojunctions showed promising results in terms of surface passivation. This novel high temperature contacting method via indium-free TCOs, is particularly interesting for the industrial integration of poly-Si based passivated contacts but also provides new perspectives for advanced homojunction solar cells.
Decoherence due to the Horizon after Inflation
Creators: name: Sharman, Jonathan W.
name: Moore, Guy D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The fluctuations in the inflaton field at the end of inflation which seed the density perturbations are prepared in a pure quantum state. It is generally assumed that some physics causes this pure state to decohere so that it should be treated probabilistically. We show that the entanglement entropy between the universe inside our observable horizon and that outside our horizon is sufficient to do this. For the modes which are super-Hubble at the end of inflation, this entanglement entropy grows with volume inside the horizon, rather than with the horizon's area, and is proportional to the number of e-folds since Hubble crossing.
description: 11 pages
Materials Design of Cu(In,Ga)(S,Se)2 Absorber in CIGSSe Solar Cells by Using 3D Mapping of Electronic Structures
Creators: name: Wada, T.
name: Nakanishi, R.
name: Yanagita, M.
name: Maeda, T.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2019
Subjects: Perovskites, other Non-Silicon-Based Photovoltaics and Multi-Junction Devices
CI(G)S, CdTe and Related Thin Film Solar Cells

description: 36th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 604-607
description: The objective of this research is to clarify the electronic structure of Cu(In,Ga)(S,Se)2 (CIGSSe) quinary system. We have made 3 dimensional (3D) map of the band-gap energy of the Cu(GaxIn1-x)(SySe1-y)2 system. The x axis is Ga/(Ga+In) [GGI] ratio, the y axis is S/(S+Se) [SSSe] ratio and the z axis is the band-gap energy of the system. The band-gap energy of the Cu(GaxIn1-x)(SySe1-y)2 monotonically increases from CuInSe2 (x=0.0 and y=0.0) with increasing both GGI (x) and SSSe (y) ratios. We also made 3D map of energy levels of valence band maximum (VBM) and conduction band minimum (CBM) of the CIGSSe system. The z axis is the energy levels of the VBM and CBM from vacuum level. The substitution effect of S for Se in CuInSe2 is different from that of Ga for In. The VBM level of the CIGSSe system does not change significantly and the CBM level increases with increasing GGI ratio (x). On the other hand, the VBM level decreses and the CBM level increases with increasing SSSe ratio (y). The electronic properties of the CIGSSe system can be understood on the basis of our proposed schematic molecular orbital diagram of CuInSe2.
Affine parameterization of the dark sector: costraints from WMAP5 and SDSS
Creators: name: Pietrobon, Davide
name: Balbi, Amedeo
name: Bruni, Marco
name: Quercellini, Claudia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study a set of universe models where the dark sector is described by a perfect fluid with an affine equation of state $P=P_0+αρ$, focusing specifically on cosmological perturbations in a flat universe. We perform a Monte Carlo Markov Chain analysis spanning the full parameter space of the model using the WMAP 5 years data and the SDSS LRG4 survey. The affine fluid can either play the role of a unified dark matter (UDM), accounting for both dark matter and a cosmological constant, or work alongside cold dark matter (CDM), as a form of dark energy. A key ingredient is the sound speed, that depends on the nature of the fluid and that, for any given background model, adds a degree of freedom to the perturbations: in the barotropic case the square of the sound speed is simply equal to the affine parameter $α$; if entropic perturbations are present the effective sound speed has to be specified as an additional parameter. In addition to the barotropic case, we consider the two limiting cases of effective sound speed equal to 0 or 1. For $α=c_s^2=0$ our UDM model is equivalent to the standard $Λ$CDM with adiabatic perturbations. Apart of a trivial subcase, all models considered satisfy the data constraints, with quite standard values for the usual cosmological parameters. In general our analysis confirms that cosmological datasets require both a collisionless massive and cold component to form the potential wells that lead to structure formation, and an effective cosmological constant that drives the late accelerated expansion.
description: 10 pages, 9 figures