cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Additional file 1: of Predictors of traumatic birth experience among a group of Iranian primipara women: a cross sectional study
Creators: name: Ghanbari-Homayi, Solmaz
name: Fardiazar, Zahra
name: Meedya, Shahla
name: Mohammad-Alizadeh-Charandabi, Sakineh
name: Asghari-Jafarabadi, Mohammad
name: Eesa Mohammadi
name: Mirghafourvand, Mojgan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Cell Biology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Developmental Biology

description: The Childbirth Experience Questionnaire â CEQ 2.0. (DOCX 112 kb)
Analyzing Stylistic Elements in a Non-Literary Text: Exploring Levels of Analysis at Grammatical, Morphological, Syntactical, Lexical, Phonological, Discourse, and Graphological Level
Creators: name: Maida Maqsood
name: Amna Zahid
name: Zainab K. Abbood
name: Amanur Rahman Jabed
name: Dr. Muhammad Sabboor Hussain
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Abstract
This study focuses on the stylistics analysis of a non-literary text' with the goal of examining the usefulness of reading texts at different degrees of analysis. This study intends to show the variety of stylistic features and their influence on textual interpretation by examining the stylistic innovations in non-literary texts. The methodology used makes use of descriptive tools and a thorough approach, looking at the text's phonological, discourse, and morphological, syntactical, and graphological aspects. To give a thorough and nuanced examination of the selected application, a qualitative method is used. A single-case study design with a purposive sampling technique is used. The process of gathering data entails collecting a specific written application from a Punjabi textbook and performing a close textual examination while taking careful notes. The analysis focuses on detecting stylistic components at each linguistic level, taking into account word selection, sentence construction, figurative language, sound patterns, discourse organization, and graphic/visual components. The interpretation section highlights the results of the analysis while exploring the stylistic levels used in the non-literary text. The study comes to the conclusion that the use of stylistic levels can be beneficial in the analysis of both literary and non-literary texts, giving important insights into the author's style decisions and improving comprehension and interpretation of texts.
Unidirectional spin Hall magnetoresistance in ferromagnet/normal metal bilayers
Creators: name: Avci, Can Onur
name: Garello, Kevin
name: Ghosh, Abhijit
name: Gabureac, Mihai
name: Alvarado, Santos F.
name: Gambardella, Pietro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Magnetoresistive effects are usually invariant upon inversion of the magnetization direction. In noncentrosymmetric conductors, however, nonlinear resistive terms can give rise to a current dependence that is quadratic in the applied voltage and linear in the magnetization. Here we demonstrate that such conditions are realized in simple bilayer metal films where the spin-orbit interaction and spin-dependent scattering couple the current-induced spin accumulation to the electrical conductivity. We show that the longitudinal resistance of Ta|Co and Pt|Co bilayers changes when reversing the polarity of the current or the sign of the magnetization. This unidirectional magnetoresistance scales linearly with current density and has opposite sign in Ta and Pt, which we associate with the modification of the interface scattering potential induced by the spin Hall effect in these materials. Our results suggest a route to control the resistance and detect magnetization switching in spintronic devices using a two-terminal geometry, which applies also to heterostructures including topological insulators.
Development of a framework for a business plan to support the implementation of complex interventions (using technology) in case management across diverse healthcare settings
Creators: name: Davis, Paul
name: Connolly, Professor Regina
name: Staines, Professor Anthony
name: Dr. Trudy Corrigan
name: White, Ciara
name: Hanlon, Shane O
name: Sullivan, Bridget O
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Business plan, healthcare costs, healthcare innovation, technology innovation healthcare, implementation, care pathways, patient centred care, healthcare cost savings

description: This abstract outlines GERONTE's approach to maximising research impact and ensuring the successful and sustained implementation of complex and technology-supported innovation into existing healthcare systems by developing a novel and comprehensive business plan based on pre-, during, and post implementation assessment of care from a business perspective. In particular, and in line with the GERONTE stage, this abstract highlights GERONTE's work in establishing and ensuring in advance the collection of all key relevant data across the diverse setting (16 sites in 3 European countries).
Additional file 1: of Targeted gene knockin in zebrafish using the 28S rDNA-specific non-LTR-retrotransposon R2Ol
Creators: name: Kuroki-Kami, Azusa
name: Narisu Nichuguti
name: Yatabe, Haruka
name: Mizuno, Sayaka
name: Kawamura, Shoji
name: Fujiwara, Haruhiko
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Hematology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Figure S1. Comparison of R2 element insertion site. Figure S2. Nine clones of R2Ol obtained from medaka fish genomic DNA. Figure S3. A scheme for transgenesis in zebrafish using R2Ol. Figure S4. F1 progeny analysis of two founder lines, R2f-9 and R2f-10. Figure S5. Experimental approach for analysis of hsp-GAL4:UAS-EGFP expression induced by heat shock. (PDF 836 kb)
Statistical inference for critical continuous state and continuous time branching processes with immigration
Creators: name: Barczy, Matyas
name: Körmendi, Kristóf
name: Pap, Gyula
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 62F12, 60J80

description: We study asymptotic behavior of conditional least squares estimators for critical continuous state and continuous time branching processes with immigration based on discrete time (low frequency) observations.
description: 26 pages. In Section 2 and in Appendices we recall some notions and statements from arXiv:1403.0245 and arXiv:1404.2242. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1406.3325
"Toward a Clearer Definition of Confounding" Revisited With Directed Acyclic Graphs
Creators: name: Howards, Penelope P.
name: Poole, Charles
name: Schisterman, Enrique F.
name: Weinberg, Clarice R.
name: Kaufman, Jay S.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: In a 1993 paper (Am J Epidemiol. 1993;137(1):1–8), Weinberg considered whether a variable that is associated with the outcome and is affected by exposure but is not an intermediate variable between exposure and outcome should be considered a confounder in etiologic studies. As an example, she examined the common practice of adjusting for history of spontaneous abortion when estimating the effect of an exposure on the risk of spontaneous abortion. She showed algebraically that such an adjustment could substantially bias the results even though history of spontaneous abortion would meet some definitions of a confounder. Directed acyclic graphs (DAGs) were introduced into epidemiology several years later as a tool with which to identify confounders. The authors now revisit Weinberg's paper using DAGs to represent scenarios that arise from her original assumptions. DAG theory is consistent with Weinberg's finding that adjusting for history of spontaneous abortion introduces bias in her original scenario. In the authors' examples, treating history of spontaneous abortion as a confounder introduces bias if it is a descendant of the exposure and is associated with the outcome conditional on exposure or is a child of a collider on a relevant undirected path. Thoughtful DAG analyses require clear research questions but are easily modified for examining different causal assumptions that may affect confounder assessment.
Propensity Score Calibration in the Absence of Surrogacy
Creators: name: Stürmer, Til
name: Avorn, Jerry
name: Glynn, Robert J.
name: Rothman, Kenneth J.
name: Lunt, Mark
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: Propensity score calibration (PSC) can be used to adjust for unmeasured confounders using a cross-sectional validation study that lacks information on the disease outcome (Y), under a strong surrogacy assumption. Using directed acyclic graphs and path analysis, the authors developed a formula to predict the presence and magnitude of the bias of PSC in the simplest setting of a binary exposure (T) and 1 confounder (X) that are observed in the main study and 1 confounder (C) that is observed in the validation study only. PSC bias is predicted on the basis of parameters that can be estimated from the data and a single unidentifiable parameter, the relative risk (RR) associated with C (RRCY). The authors simulated 1,000 cohort studies each with a Poisson-distributed outcome Y, varying parameter values over a wide range. When using the true parameter for RRCY, the formula predicts PSC bias almost perfectly in this simple setting (correlation with observed bias over 24 scenarios assessed: r = 0.998). The authors conclude that the bias from PSC observed in certain scenarios can be estimated from the imbalance in C between treated and untreated persons, after adjustment for X, in the validation study and assuming a range of plausible values for the unidentifiable RRCY.
Additional file 4: of Targeted gene knockin in zebrafish using the 28S rDNA-specific non-LTR-retrotransposon R2Ol
Creators: name: Kuroki-Kami, Azusa
name: Narisu Nichuguti
name: Yatabe, Haruka
name: Mizuno, Sayaka
name: Kawamura, Shoji
name: Fujiwara, Haruhiko
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology

description: Table S3. Previously reported performance of representative DNA transposons in vertebrate. (PDF 116 kb)
Association of Polymorphisms in Natural Killer Cell-Related Genes With Preterm Birth
Creators: name: Moran, Thomas
name: Luo, Jingchun
name: Stuebe, Alison M.
name: Harmon, Quaker E.
name: Avery, Christy L.
name: Wu, Michael C.
name: Engel, Stephanie M.
name: Olshan, Andrew F.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: Inflammation is implicated in preterm birth, but genetic studies of inflammatory genes have yielded inconsistent results. Maternal DNA from 1,646 participants in the Pregnancy, Infection, and Nutrition Cohort, enrolled in Orange and Wake counties, North Carolina (1995–2005), were genotyped for 432 tag single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in 30 candidate genes. Gene-level and SNP associations were modeled within strata of genetic ancestry. Six genes were associated with preterm birth among European Americans: interleukin 12A (IL12A); colony-stimulating factor 2 (CSF2); interferon γ receptor 2 (IFNGR2); killer cell immunoglobulin–like receptor, three domain, long cytoplasmic tail, 2 (KIR3DL2); interleukin 4 (IL4); and interleukin 13 (IL13). Of these, relatively strong single-SNP associations were seen in IFNGR2 and KIR3DL2. Among the 4 genes related to natural killer cell function, 2 (IL12A and CSF2) were consistently associated with reduced risk of prematurity for both European and African Americans. SNPs tagging a locus control region for IL4 and IL13 were associated with an increased risk of spontaneous preterm birth for European Americans (rs3091307; risk ratio = 1.9; 95% confidence interval: 1.4, 2.5). Although gene-level associations were detected only in European Americans, single-SNP associations among European and African Americans were often similar in direction, though estimated with less precision among African Americans. In conclusion, we identified novel associations between variants in the natural killer cell immune pathway and prematurity in this biracial US population.
A gradient flow approach to quantization of measures
Creators: name: Caglioti, Emanuele
name: Golse, François
name: Iacobelli, Mikaela
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35K59, 35Q94, 35B40 (35K92, 94A12)

description: In this paper we study a gradient flow approach to the problem of quantization of measures in one dimension. By embedding our problem in $L^2$, we find a continuous version of it that corresponds to the limit as the number of particles tends to infinity. Under some suitable regularity assumptions on the density, we prove uniform stability and quantitative convergence result for the discrete and continuous dynamics.
description: 45 pages, no figure
‹Positive Peer Group Counseling› Rahmenbedingungen und Massnahmen für eine erfolgreiche Umsetzung im Kontext Schule
Creators: name: Jacob-Ramseier, Martina
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Sonderpädagogik
Masterarbeit
Peer Counseling
Beratung
Schule

description: ‹Positive Peer Group Counseling› ist eine Beratungsform, bei der Jugendliche sich gegenseitig unterstützen. Der Fokus liegt dabei auf der Stärkung der Selbstwirksamkeit. Eine erwachsene Person begleitet die Treffen und hilft die Diskussionen zielführend zu gestalten. Diese Form der Beratung, welche ursprünglich aus dem Heimkontext stammt, wird zunehmend in der Schule eingesetzt, um die sozialen und emotionalen Kompetenzen der SuS weiterzuentwickeln und ein positives Schulklima zu fördern.
Ziel dieser Arbeit war, herauszufinden, was die Umsetzung im Schulsetting positiv beeinflusst und wie die moderierende Person unterstützt werden kann. Dazu wurden Moderator_innen, welche diese Beratungsform im Rahmen des Forschungsprojekts ‹Empower Peers 4 Careers› einsetzen, befragt. Die quantitativ ausgewerteten Daten zeigen, dass die Methode erfolgreich umgesetzt werden konnte, aber mehr Unterstützung gewünscht wird. Aus den Ergebnissen können Empfehlungen für die Implementierung im Schulsetting abgeleitet werden.
THE EFFECT OF OBESITY ON THE LIPIDOMIC AND TRANSCRIPTOMIC PROFILE OF MURINE LUNGS
Creators: name: Buddenbaum, Nicole Judith
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2021

description: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has recently emerged as the leading international cause of death and resulted in millions of respiratory infections globally. COVID-19 disproportionately affects individuals with obesity, who are at high risk of pulmonary infection, illness and death. Obesity negatively impacts pulmonary function by upregulating select inflammatory pathways. Given the COVID-19 and obesity pandemics, we investigated how obesity impacts the biomolecular landscape of the lungs using a mouse model of obesity. Since inflammation is mediated by derivatives of lipid metabolites, we investigate the pulmonary lipidome to gain insight into the inflammatory status of the lungs with obesity. Additionally, since obesity is associated with impairments in immunometabolic pathways, we investigate the pulmonary transcriptome to understand which pathways are dysregulated in obese lungs at the gene expression level. The results of this study indicate that obese murine lungs have elevated concentrations of pro-inflammatory lipid mediators and inflammatory gene transcripts.
Discovery of starspots on Vega - First spectroscopic detection of surface structures on a normal A-type star
Creators: name: Böhm, T.
name: Holschneider, M.
name: Lignières, F.
name: Petit, P.
name: Rainer, M.
name: Paletou, F.
name: Wade, G.
name: Alecian, E.
name: Carfantan, H.
name: Blazère, A.
name: Mirouh, G. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The theoretically studied impact of rapid rotation on stellar evolution needs to be confronted with the results of high resolution spectroscopy-velocimetry observations. A weak surface magnetic field had recently been detected in the A0 prototype star Vega, potentially leading to a (yet undetected) structured surface. The goal of this article is to present a thorough analysis of the line profile variations and associated estimators in the early-type standard star Vega (A0) in order reveal potential activity tracers, exoplanet companions and stellar oscillations. Vega was monitored in high-resolution spectroscopy with the velocimeter Sophie/OHP. A total of 2588 high S/N spectra was obtained during 5 nights (August 2012) at R = 75000 and covering the visible domain. For each reduced spectrum, Least Square Deconvolved (LSD) equivalent photospheric profiles were calculated with a Teff = 9500 and logg = 4.0 spectral line mask. Several methods were applied to study the dynamic behavior of the profile variations (evolution of radial velocity, bisectors, vspan, 2D profiles, amongst others). We present the discovery of a starspotted stellar surface in an A-type standard star with faint spot amplitudes Delta F/Fc ~5 10^{-4}. A rotational modulation of spectral lines with a period of rotation P = 0.68 d has clearly been exhibited, confirming the results of previous spectropolarimetric studies. Either a very thin convective layer can be responsible for magnetic field generation at small amplitudes, or a new mechanism has to be invoked in order to explain the existence of activity tracing starspots. This first strong evidence that standard A-type stars can show surface structures opens a new field of research and asks the question about a potential link with the recently discovered weak magnetic field discoveries in this category of stars.
description: accepted for publication by Astronomy & Astrophysics (23rd of March 2015)
Racial and Ethnic Residential Segregation, the Neighborhood Socioeconomic Environment, and Obesity Among Blacks and Mexican Americans
Creators: name: Albrecht, Sandra S.
name: Carnethon, Mercedes R.
name: Kershaw, Kiarri N.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: We used cross-sectional data on 2,660 black and 2,611 Mexican-American adult participants in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (1999–2006) to investigate the association between metropolitan-level racial/ethnic residential segregation and obesity and to determine whether it was mediated by the neighborhood socioeconomic environment. Residential segregation was measured using the black and Hispanic isolation indices. Neighborhood poverty and negative income incongruity were assessed as mediators. Multilevel Poisson regression with robust variance estimates was used to estimate prevalence ratios. There was no relationship between segregation and obesity among men. Among black women, in age-, nativity-, and metropolitan demographic-adjusted models, high segregation was associated with a 1.29 (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.00, 1.65) times higher obesity prevalence than was low segregation; medium segregation was associated with a 1.35 (95% CI: 1.07, 1.70) times higher obesity prevalence. Mexican-American women living in high versus low segregation areas had a significantly lower obesity prevalence (prevalence ratio, 0.54; 95% CI: 0.33, 0.90), but there was no difference between those living in medium versus low segregation areas. These associations were not mediated by neighborhood poverty or negative income incongruity. These findings suggest variability in the interrelationships between residential segregation and obesity for black and Mexican-American women.
Defining the Role of the ATR DNA Damage Response Pathway During the Life Cycle of HPV31
Creators: name: Morgan, Tia Maree
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2021

description: Persistent infection with high-risk HPV is the causative agent cervical cancer. HPV vaccines successfully prevent infections, but not protection against pre-existing HPV infections. HPV genomes are maintained at a low copy number in undifferentiated epithelial cells and productive phase of the viral life cycle is trigger upon cell differentiation resulting in viral genome amplification. Cell cycle re-entry through expression of HPV E7 viral oncogene results replication stress (RS) and activation of the ATR DNA repair pathway. We previously found the ATR/Chk1/RRM2 pathway is necessary for HPV31 replication providing dNTPs for viral DNA synthesis.  Although HPV requires ATR activity for viral replication, it is unclear if activation of the ATR pathway promotes viral persistence by protecting cells during persistent replication stress. Understanding how the ATR DNA damage response pathway contributes to HPV infection will provide insight into mechanisms of viral persistence, a major risk factor for development of HPV-associated cancers.
Impact of Differential Attrition on the Association of Education With Cognitive Change Over 20 Years of Follow-up: The ARIC Neurocognitive Study
Creators: name: Bandeen-Roche, Karen
name: Sharrett, A. Richey
name: Couper, David J.
name: Wagenknecht, Lynne E.
name: Mosley, Thomas H.
name: Coker, Laura H.
name: Gottesman, Rebecca F.
name: Alonso, Alvaro
name: Albert, Marilyn
name: Coresh, Josef
name: Patel, Mehul D.
name: Power, Melinda C.
name: Wruck, Lisa M.
name: Windham, B. Gwen
name: Heiss, Gerardo
name: Penman, Alan D.
name: Selnes, Ola A.
name: Griswold, Michael E.
name: Schneider, Andrea L.C.
name: Knopman, David S.
name: Rawlings, Andreea M.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: Studies of long-term cognitive change should account for the potential effects of education on the outcome, since some studies have demonstrated an association of education with dementia risk. Evaluating cognitive change is more ideal than evaluating cognitive performance at a single time point, because it should be less susceptible to confounding. In this analysis of 14,020 persons from a US cohort study, the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study, we measured change in performance on 3 cognitive tests over a 20-year period, from ages 48–67 years (1990–1992) through ages 70–89 years (2011–2013). Generalized estimating equations were used to evaluate the association between education and cognitive change in unweighted adjusted models, in models incorporating inverse probability of attrition weighting, and in models using cognitive scores imputed from the Telephone Interview for Cognitive Status for participants not examined in person. Education did not have a strong relationship with change in cognitive test performance, although the rate of decline was somewhat slower among persons with lower levels of education. Methods used to account for selective dropout only marginally changed these observed associations. Future studies of risk factors for cognitive impairment should focus on cognitive change, when possible, to allow for reduction of confounding by social or cultural factors.
GitLab as a tool for Research Data Management
Creators: name: von Suchodoletz, Dirk
name: Brilhaus, Dominik
name: Tschöpe, Marcel
name: Bauer, Jonathan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Git
Gitlab
versioning
sharing of data
science gateway
LFS
DataPLANT

description: The collaboration of researchers locally or worldwide ranging from single researchers over a group or a lab up to cross institutional and disciplinary cooperation requires suitable working environments. Data hubs in the form of science gateways--usually abstracting from just locally shared storage resources--are discussed and explored for quite some time. While it was en vogue to propose and develop discipline specific gateways, we suggest to rely on well-established standard software frameworks instead. Research data considered over the entire data life cycle and closely related activities like annotation, versioning and sharing has a lot in common with (open source) software development. Git and GitLab--well established tools in software development--could play a major role in general research data management. From DataPLANT's point of view, GitLab as a science gateway would be a valuable addition to the NFDI [5] software landscape. It would be beneficial to address it as a joint service in cross-domain activities of all interested consortia.
Lessons Learned From the Design and Implementation of Myocardial Infarction Adjudication Tailored for HIV Clinical Cohorts
Creators: name: Geng, E.
name: Mugavero, M. J.
name: Rodriguez, C.
name: Mcreynolds, J.
name: Barnes, G. S.
name: Hsue, P.
name: Delaney, J. A.C.
name: Heckbert, S. R.
name: Peter, I.
name: Grunfeld, C.
name: Paramsothy, P.
name: Crane, P. K.
name: Budoff, M. J.
name: Willig, J. H.
name: Napravnik, S.
name: Moore, R. D.
name: Burkholder, G.
name: Lober, W. B.
name: Crane, H. M.
name: Eron, J. J.
name: Mathews, W. C.
name: Saag, M. S.
name: Drozd, D. R.
name: Kitahata, M. M.
name: Hunt, P.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: We developed, implemented, and evaluated a myocardial infarction (MI) adjudication protocol for cohort research of human immunodeficiency virus. Potential events were identified through the centralized Centers for AIDS Research Network of Integrated Clinical Systems data repository using MI diagnoses and/or cardiac enzyme laboratory results (1995–2012). Sites assembled de-identified packets, including physician notes and results from electrocardiograms, procedures, and laboratory tests. Information pertaining to the specific antiretroviral medications used was redacted for blinded review. Two experts reviewed each packet, and a third review was conducted if discrepancies occurred. Reviewers categorized probable/definite MIs as primary or secondary and identified secondary causes of MIs. The positive predictive value and sensitivity for each identification/ascertainment method were calculated. Of the 1,119 potential events that were adjudicated, 294 (26%) were definite/probable MIs. Almost as many secondary (48%) as primary (52%) MIs occurred, often as the result of sepsis or cocaine use. Of the patients with adjudicated definite/probable MIs, 78% had elevated troponin concentrations (positive predictive value = 57%, 95% confidence interval: 52, 62); however, only 44% had clinical diagnoses of MI (positive predictive value = 45%, 95% confidence interval: 39, 51). We found that central adjudication is crucial and that clinical diagnoses alone are insufficient for ascertainment of MI. Over half of the events ultimately determined to be MIs were not identified by clinical diagnoses. Adjudication protocols used in traditional cardiovascular disease cohorts facilitate cross-cohort comparisons but do not address issues such as identifying secondary MIs that may be common in persons with human immunodeficiency virus.
MPEC 2024-R271 : 2024 RX12
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2024 RX12

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Tip of the Iceberg: Reporting and Gender-Based Violence in Developing Countries
Creators: name: Peterman, Amber
name: Palermo, Tia
name: Bleck, Jennifer
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: Gender-based violence (GBV) is widespread globally and has myriad adverse health effects but is vastly underreported. Few studies address the extent of reporting bias in existing estimates. We provide bounds for underestimation of reporting of GBV to formal and informal sources conditional on having experienced GBV and characterize differences between women who report and those who do not. We analyzed Demographic and Health Survey data from 284,281 women in 24 countries collected between 2004 and 2011. We performed descriptive analysis and multivariate logistic regressions examining characteristics associated with reporting to formal sources. Forty percent of women experiencing GBV previously disclosed to someone; however, only 7% reported to a formal source (regional variation, 2% in India and East Asia to 14% in Latin America and the Caribbean). Formerly married and never married status, urban residence, and increasing age were characteristics associated with increased likelihood of formal reporting. Our results imply that estimates of GBV prevalence based on health systems data or on police reports may underestimate the total prevalence of GBV, ranging from 11- to 128-fold, depending on the region and type of reporting. In addition, women who report GBV differ from those who do not, with implications for program targeting and design of interventions.
Applying Recovery Biomarkers to Calibrate Self-Report Measures of Energy and Protein in the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos
Creators: name: Stoutenberg, Mark
name: Mossavar-Rahmani, Yasmin
name: Daviglus, Martha L.
name: Van Horn, Linda
name: Wong, William W.
name: Shaw, Pamela A.
name: Ou, Fang Shu
name: Siega-Riz, Anna Maria
name: Gellman, Marc D.
name: Wylie-Rosett, Judith
name: Prentice, Ross L.
name: Sotres-Alvarez, Daniela
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: We investigated measurement error in the self-reported diets of US Hispanics/Latinos, who are prone to obesity and related comorbidities, by background (Central American, Cuban, Dominican, Mexican, Puerto Rican, and South American) in 2010–2012. In 477 participants aged 18–74 years, doubly labeled water and urinary nitrogen were used as objective recovery biomarkers of energy and protein intakes. Self-report was captured from two 24-hour dietary recalls. All measures were repeated in a subsample of 98 individuals. We examined the bias of dietary recalls and their associations with participant characteristics using generalized estimating equations. Energy intake was underestimated by 25.3% (men, 21.8%; women, 27.3%), and protein intake was underestimated by 18.5% (men, 14.7%; women, 20.7%). Protein density was overestimated by 10.7% (men, 11.3%; women, 10.1%). Higher body mass index and Hispanic/Latino background were associated with underestimation of energy (P < 0.05). For protein intake, higher body mass index, older age, nonsmoking, Spanish speaking, and Hispanic/Latino background were associated with underestimation (P < 0.05). Systematic underreporting of energy and protein intakes and overreporting of protein density were found to vary significantly by Hispanic/Latino background. We developed calibration equations that correct for subject-specific error in reporting that can be used to reduce bias in diet-disease association studies.
title: Energy transition games
title: lobbyism, networks, and competition
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Block, Lukas
Publisher: name: Universität Paderborn
Year: 2022

description: Mittels drei Modellen der Spieltheorie und der Mikroökonomie wird die Energiewende analysiert. Dabei wird insbesondere der Einfluss auf die relevanten Akteure, deren Strategien und Entscheidungen untersucht.
description: We apply three models of game theory and microeconomics to analyze the energy transition. In particular, we examine the impact on the relevant players, their strategies and decisions.
Black hole thermodynamics: No inconsistency via the inclusion of the missing P-V terms
Creators: name: Azreg-Aïnou, Mustapha
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The early literature on black hole thermodynamics ignored the $P$-$V$ term associated with the existence of a fundamental physical constant in the black hole solution. The inclusion of this constant in the first law becomes inconsistent with the Smarr relation. Once the missing $P$-$V$ term introduced is, it becomes customary to introduce it only in problems where there is a negative cosmological constant. This practice is inherited from cosmological approaches which consider the quantity $-Λ/8π$ as the constant pressure due to a cosmological fluid. However, the notions of pressure and thermodynamic volume in black hole thermodynamics are very different from their counterparts in classical thermodynamics. From this point of view, there is \textit{a priori} no compelling reason to not extend this notion of pressure and associate a partial pressure with each external" density $8πT_{t}{}^{t}$. In this work, we associate a partial pressure with a variable mass parameter as well as with each $tt$ component of the effective stress-energy tensor $T_{\text{eff} μ}{}^ν$ but not with the linear component of the electromagnetic field. Using the field equations $G_μ{}^ν=8πT_{\text{eff} μ}{}^ν$, we derive universal expressions for the enthalpy, internal energy, free energies, thermodynamic volume, equation of state, law of corresponding states, criticality, and critical exponents of static (nonrotating) charged black holes, with possibly a variable mass parameter, whether they are solutions to the Einstein field equations or not. We extend the derivation to the case where the black hole is immersed in the field of a quintessence force and to the multiforce case. Many applications and extensions are considered, including applications to regular black holes derived in previous and present work. No inconsistency has been noticed in their thermodynamics.
description: 15 pages, 2 figures. Minor changes
Controlling Time-Dependent Confounding by Health Status and Frailty: Restriction Versus Statistical Adjustment
Creators: name: Brookhart, M. Alan
name: Ellis, Alan R.
name: McGrath, Leah J.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: Nonexperimental studies of preventive interventions are often biased because of the healthy-user effect and, in frail populations, because of confounding by functional status. Bias is evident when estimating influenza vaccine effectiveness, even after adjustment for claims-based indicators of illness. We explored bias reduction methods while estimating vaccine effectiveness in a cohort of adult hemodialysis patients. Using the United States Renal Data System and linked data from a commercial dialysis provider, we estimated vaccine effectiveness using a Cox proportional hazards marginal structural model of all-cause mortality before and during 3 influenza seasons in 2005/2006 through 2007/2008. To improve confounding control, we added frailty indicators to the model, measured time-varying confounders at different time intervals, and restricted the sample in multiple ways. Crude and baseline-adjusted marginal structural models remained strongly biased. Restricting to a healthier population removed some unmeasured confounding; however, this reduced the sample size, resulting in wide confidence intervals. We estimated an influenza vaccine effectiveness of 9% (hazard ratio = 0.91, 95% confidence interval: 0.72, 1.15) when bias was minimized through cohort restriction. In this study, the healthy-user bias could not be controlled through statistical adjustment; however, sample restriction reduced much of the bias.
title: InterCellar enables interactive analysis and exploration of cell−cell communication in single-cell transcriptomic data
Creators: name: Interlandi, Marta
name: Kerl, Kornelius Tobias
name: Dugas, Martin
Publisher: name: University of Muenster, Institutional Repository MIAMI
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 610 Medicine and health

description: Deciphering cell−cell communication is a key step in understanding the physiology and pathology of multicellular systems. Recent advances in single-cell transcriptomics have contributed to unraveling the cellular composition of tissues and enabled the development of computational algorithms to predict cellular communication mediated by ligand−receptor interactions. Despite the existence of various tools capable of inferring cell−cell interactions from single-cell RNA sequencing data, the analysis and interpretation of the biological signals often require deep computational expertize. Here we present InterCellar, an interactive platform empowering lab-scientists to analyze and explore predicted cell−cell communication without requiring programming skills. InterCellar guides the biological interpretation through customized analysis steps, multiple visualization options, and the possibility to link biological pathways to ligand−receptor interactions. Alongside convenient data exploration features, InterCellar implements data-driven analyses including the possibility to compare cell−cell communication from multiple conditions. By analyzing COVID-19 and melanoma cell−cell interactions, we show that InterCellar resolves data-driven patterns of communication and highlights molecular signals through the integration of biological functions and pathways. We believe our user-friendly, interactive platform will help streamline the analysis of cell−cell communication and facilitate hypothesis generation in diverse biological systems.
description: Finanziert über die DEAL-Vereinbarung mit Wiley 2019-2022.
Hearing Impairment and Cognitive Decline: A Pilot Study Conducted Within the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Neurocognitive Study
Creators: name: Coresh, Josef
name: Albert, Marilyn S.
name: Knopman, David
name: Deal, Jennifer A.
name: Lin, Frank R.
name: Mosley, Thomas H.
name: Sharrett, A. Richey
name: Wruck, Lisa M.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: Hearing impairment (HI) is prevalent, is modifiable, and has been associated with cognitive decline. We tested the hypothesis that audiometric HI measured in 2013 is associated with poorer cognitive function in 253 men and women from Washington County, Maryland (mean age = 76.9 years) in a pilot study carried out within the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Neurocognitive Study. Three cognitive tests were administered in 1990–1992, 1996–1998, and 2013, and a full neuropsychological battery was administered in 2013. Multivariable-adjusted differences in standardized cognitive scores (cross-sectional analysis) and trajectories of 20-year change (longitudinal analysis) were modeled using linear regression and generalized estimating equations, respectively. Hearing thresholds for pure tone frequencies of 0.5–4 kHz were averaged to obtain a pure tone average in the better-hearing ear. Hearing was categorized as follows: ≤25 dB, no HI; 26–40 dB, mild HI; and >40 dB, moderate/severe HI. Comparing participants with moderate/severe HI to participants with no HI, 20-year rates of decline in memory and global function differed by −0.47 standard deviations (P = 0.02) and −0.29 standard deviations (P = 0.02), respectively. Estimated declines were greatest in participants who did not wear a hearing aid. These findings add to the limited literature on cognitive impairments associated with HI, and they support future research on whether HI treatment may reduce risk of cognitive decline.
“Friendly Folks in Robes”: White Nationalist Women and Organized Terror in the Triad, 1979
Creators: name: Newman, Irene Adair
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2021

description: This thesis identifies feminized labor in white nationalist organizing in North Carolina in the late 1970s and early 1980s and argues that this labor was essential in orchestrating the Greensboro Massacre and its aftermath. Feminized labor is represented by the work of the women of North Carolina’s United Racist Front who were critical in coordinating and recruiting between multiple white nationalist organizations, implementing a public relations strategy, and fundraising for legal fees and other costs. The Greensboro Massacre was a turning point for contemporary white nationalist organizing and the impact of feminized labor on the white nationalist movement was a pivotal factor in contemporary organizing.
Additional file 1: of Comparison of the source and prognostic utility of cfDNA in trauma and sepsis
Creators: name: Chornenki, Nicholas Jackson
name: Coke, Robert
name: Kwong, Andrew
name: Dhruva Dwivedi
name: Xu, Michael
name: McDonald, Ellen
name: Marshall, John
name: Fox-Robichaud, Alison
name: Charbonney, Emmanuel
name: Liaw, Patricia
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Marine Biology

description: Table S1. Baseline characteristics of 49 septic patients. (DOCX 16 kb)
New Bayesian analysis of hybrid EoS constraints with mass-radius data for compact stars
Creators: name: Ayriyan, A.
name: Alvarez-Castillo, D. E.
name: Blaschke, D.
name: Grigorian, H.
name: Sokolowski, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We suggest a new Bayesian analysis using disjunct mass and radius constraints for extracting probability measures for cold, dense nuclear matter equations of state. One of the key issues of such an analysis is the question of a deconfinement transition in compact stars and whether it proceeds as a crossover or rather as a first order transition. The latter question is relevant for the possible existence of a critical endpoint in the QCD phase diagram under scrutiny in present and upcoming heavy-ion collision experiments.
description: 9 pages, 2 figures, additions to references and acknowledgements
Laboratory Measures as Proxies for Primary Care Encounters: Implications for Quantifying Clinical Retention Among HIV-Infected Adults in North America
Creators: name: Silverberg, Michael J.
name: Rebeiro, Peter F.
name: Abraham, Alison G.
name: Brooks, John T.
name: Napravnik, Sonia
name: Sterling, Timothy R.
name: Moore, Richard D.
name: Gill, John
name: Kitahata, Mari M.
name: Althoff, Keri N.
name: Lau, Bryan
name: Samji, Hasina
name: Buchacz, Kate
name: Horberg, Michael A.
name: Gebo, Kelly A.
name: Yehia, Baligh R.
name: Gange, Stephen J.
name: Rachlis, Anita
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: Because of limitations in the availability of data on primary care encounters, patient retention in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) care is often estimated using laboratory measurement dates as proxies for clinical encounters, leading to possible outcome misclassification. This study included 83,041 HIV-infected adults from 14 clinical cohorts in the North American AIDS Cohort Collaboration on Research and Design (NA-ACCORD) who had ≥1 HIV primary care encounters during 2000–2010, contributing 468,816 person-years of follow-up. Encounter-based retention (REB) was defined as ≥2 encounters in a calendar year, ≥90 days apart. Laboratory-based retention (RLB) was defined similarly, using the dates of CD4-positive cell counts or HIV-1 RNA measurements. Percentage of agreement and the κ statistic were used to characterize agreement between RLB and REB. Logistic regression with generalized estimating equations and stabilized inverse-probability-of-selection weights was used to elucidate temporal trends and the discriminatory power of RLB as a predictor of REB, accounting for age, sex, race/ethnicity, primary HIV risk factor, and cohort site as potential confounders. Both REB and RLB increased from 2000 to 2010 (from 67% to 78% and from 65% to 77%, respectively), though REB was higher than RLB throughout (P < 0.01). RLB agreed well with REB (80%–86% agreement; κ = 0.55–0.62, P < 0.01) and had a strong, imperfect ability to discriminate between persons retained and not retained in care by REB (C statistic: C = 0.81, P < 0.05). As a proxy for REB, RLB had a sensitivity and specificity of 84% and 77%, respectively, with misclassification error of 18%.
Thesen zu Maßnahmen gegen (Co-)Radikalisierung
Creators: name: Kiefer, Michael
name: Uslucan, Haci-Halil
name: Mücke, Marvin
name: Kaya, Fatih
Publisher: name: Universität Osnabrück
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Radikalisierung
subject: Prävention
subject: Schule
subject: Co-Radikalisierung
subject: Islamismus
subject: Extremismus
subject: 300 - Sozialwissenschaften, Soziologie, Anthropologie

description: Das vorliegende Working Paper 4 ist die vierte Fassung einer Reihe von Working Papers des Projektes „Radikaler Islam – Radikaler Anti-Islam. Gesellschaftliche Polarisierung und wahrgenommene Bedrohungen als Triebfaktoren von Radikalisierungs- und Co- Radikalisierungsprozessen bei Jugendlichen und Post-Adoleszenten“ (RIRA).
Interdependence of electroformation and hydrogen incorporation in titanium dioxide
Creators: name: Strungaru, M.
name: Cerchez, M.
name: Herbertz, S.
name: Heinzel, T.
name: Achhab, M. El
name: Schierbaum, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is shown that in nanoporous titanium dioxide films, sensitivity to atmospheric hydrogen exposure and electroforming can coexist and are interdependent. The devices work as conventional hydrogen sensors below a threshold electric field while above it, the well-known electroforming is observed. Offering hydrogen in this regime accelerates the electroforming process, and in addition to the usual reversible increase of the conductance in response to the hydrogen gas, an irreversible conductance decrease is superimposed. The behavior is interpreted in terms of a phenomenological model where current carrying, oxygen-deficient filaments with hydrogen-dependent conductivities form inside the titanium dioxide matrix.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures