cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Variable jet properties in GRB110721A: Time resolved observations of the jet photosphere
Creators: name: Iyyani, Shabnam
name: Ryde, Felix
name: Axelsson, Magnus
name: Burgess, James Michael
name: Guiriec, Sylvain
name: Larsson, Josefin
name: Lundman, Christoffer
name: Moretti, Elena
name: McGlynn, Sinead
name: Nymark, Tanja
name: Rosquist, Kjell
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: {\it Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope} observations of GRB110721A have revealed two emission components from the relativistic jet: emission from the photosphere, peaking at $\sim 100$ keV and a non-thermal component, which peaks at $\sim 1000$ keV. We use the photospheric component to calculate the properties of the relativistic outflow. We find a strong evolution in the flow properties: the Lorentz factor decreases with time during the bursts from $Γ\sim 1000$ to $\sim 150$ (assuming a redshift $z=2$; the values are only weakly dependent on unknown efficiency parameters). Such a decrease is contrary to the expectations from the internal shocks and the isolated magnetar birth models. Moreover, the position of the flow nozzle measured from the central engine, $r_0$, increases by more than two orders of magnitude. Assuming a moderately magnetised outflow we estimate that $r_0$ varies from $10^6$ cm to $\sim 10^9$ cm during the burst. We suggest that the maximal value reflects the size of the progenitor core. Finally, we show that these jet properties naturally explain the observed broken power-law decay of the temperature which has been reported as a characteristic for GRB pulses.
description: Contains 11 pages and 9 figures; Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Improving needle visibility in LED-based photoacoustic imaging using deep learning with semi-synthetic datasets
Creators: name: Shi, Mengjie
name: Zhao, Tianrui
name: West, Simeon J.
name: Desjardins, Adrien E.
name: Vercauteren, Tom
name: Xia, Wenfeng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Photoacoustic imaging has shown great potential for guiding minimally invasive procedures by accurate identification of critical tissue targets and invasive medical devices (such as metallic needles). The use of light emitting diodes (LEDs) as the excitation light sources accelerates its clinical translation owing to its high affordability and portability. However, needle visibility in LED-based photoacoustic imaging is compromised primarily due to its low optical fluence. In this work, we propose a deep learning framework based on U-Net to improve the visibility of clinical metallic needles with a LED-based photoacoustic and ultrasound imaging system. To address the complexity of capturing ground truth for real data and the poor realism of purely simulated data, this framework included the generation of semi-synthetic training datasets combining both simulated data to represent features from the needles and in vivo measurements for tissue background. Evaluation of the trained neural network was performed with needle insertions into blood-vessel-mimicking phantoms, pork joint tissue ex vivo and measurements on human volunteers. This deep learning-based framework substantially improved the needle visibility in photoacoustic imaging in vivo compared to conventional reconstruction by suppressing background noise and image artefacts, achieving 5.8 and 4.5 times improvements in signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and the modified Hausdorff distance (MHD) respectively. Thus, the proposed framework could be helpful for reducing complications during percutaneous needle insertions by accurate identification of clinical needles in photoacoustic imaging.
A New Textile Production Type - Urban Apparel Production In Microfactories
Creators: name: Winands, Katarina
name: Müller, Kai
name: Kollera, Carlotta
name: Gries, Thomas
Publisher: name: Hannover : publish-Ing.
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Textile
subject: Production Technology
subject: Microfactory
subject: Flexible Production Systems
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik

description: The World of production has changed due to the events of 2020 and 2021. The aftermaths are still being felt in many sectors of the economy. In addition to delayed deliveries due to lack of resources and production stoppages, logistics costs have increased. In addition to these uncertainties in the supply chains, the demand for sustainable and emission-free production by politicians and end consumers is rising. One way of improving the resilience of textile production and at the same time avoiding time-consuming, costly, and emission-intensive delivery routes is to relocate production to the immediate vicinity of customers. In urban hubs, products can be manufactured according to demand and customer-specific requirements. With the digital integration of the customer and progressive development of textile manufacturing technologies (e.g. digital printing and laser finishing), batch sizes between 1-1,000 pieces can be realized, avoiding overproduction. In addition, storage costs and delivery routes are eliminated due to customer proximity. A formal description for microfactories (MF) in the textile production context does not exist yet. This paper aims to define and classify the production form “microfactory” in the production landscape. For this purpose, known types of production are first identified and textile MF is delineated against them. Subsequently, the term microfactory is defined by the Institut fuer Textiltechnik. For this purpose, the requirements are first defined, and then a textile application and possible business models are considered.
Ionized Gas Kinematics at High Resolution. II: Discovery of a Double Infrared Cluster in II Zw 40
Creators: name: Beck, Sara
name: Turner, Jean
name: Lacy, John
name: Greathouse, Thomas
name: Lahad, Ohr
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The nearby dwarf galaxy II Zw 40 hosts an intense starburst. At the center of the starburst is a bright compact radio and infrared source, thought to be a giant dense HII region containing ~14,000 O stars. Radio continuum images suggest that the compact source is actually a collection of several smaller emission regions. We accordingly use the kinematics of the ionized gas to probe the structure of the radio-infrared emission region. With TEXES on the NASA-IRTF we measured the 10.5um [SIV] emission line with effective spectral resolutions, including thermal broadening, of ~25 and ~3 km/s and spatial resolution ~1". The line profile shows two distinct, spatially coextensive, emission features. The stronger feature is at galactic velocity and has FWHM 47 km/s. The second feature is ~44km/s redward of the first and has FWHM 32 km/s. We argue that these are two giant embedded clusters, and estimate their masses to be ~3x10^5Mo and ~1.5x10^5 Mo. The velocity shift is unexpectedly large for such a small spatial offset. We suggest that it may arise in a previously undetected kinematic feature remaining from the violent merger that formed the galaxy.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures, Accepted to ApJ
Getting more out of interviews. Understanding interviewees’ accounts in relation to their frames of orientation
Creators: name: Philipps, Axel
name: Mrowczynski, Rafael
Publisher: name: London : SAGE Publications Ltd.
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Documentary method of interpretation
subject: frame of orientation
subject: interview data
subject: interview society
subject: qualitative data analysis
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::100 | Philosophie::150 | Psychologie
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::300 | Sozialwissenschaften, Soziologie, Anthropologie

description: This paper contributes to an ongoing debate about the validity of interview data and the ways in which they are interpreted in the ‘interview society’. We understand the need for an extensive reliance on interviews and, at the same time, recognise the serious limitations that exist regarding access to the interviewee’s worldview, their motivations and orientations. A crucial problem in this regard and the main concern of our paper is how to interpret subjective accounts, such as arguments or everyday theories, interviewees hold about themselves. While ethnomethodologists suggest that the complete authorship for meaning depends on the interview setting, we argue that the interviewee’s practices of generating interview content are quite stable across various sequences that allows for a reconstruction of their agency dispositions based on interview transcripts. Taking Mannheim’s and Bourdieu’s idea of a formative or generative principle as a point of departure, we introduce the most recent variant of the documentary method of interpretation (DMI) that aims at the reconstruction of this principle’s manifestation (as an individual’s frame of orientation) and helps us then to understand everyday theories, subjective explanations and justifications presented by interviewees.
Determination of the modular Jacobian varieties $J_1(M,MN)$ with the Mordell-Weil rank zero
Creators: name: Matsuda, Koji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper, we determine all modular Jacobian varieties $J_1(M,MN)$ over the number field $\mathbb{Q}(ζ_M)$ with the Mordell-Weil rank zero following the method of Derickx, Etropolski, van Hoeij, Morrow, and Zureick-Brown.
Critical Buckling Loads of the Perfect Hollomon's Power-law Columns
Creators: name: Wei, Dongming
name: Sarria, Alejandro
name: Elgindi, Mohamed
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, we present analytic formulas for calculating the critical buckling states of some plastic axial columns of constant cross-sections. The associated critical buckling loads are calculated by Euler-type analytic formulas and the associated deformed shapes are presented in terms of generalized trigonometric functions. The plasticity of the material is defined by the Hollomon's power-law equation. This is an extension of the Euler critical buckling loads of perfect elastic columns to perfect plastic columns. In particular, critical loads for perfect straight plastic columns with circular and rectangular cross-sections are calculated for a list of commonly used metals. Connections and comparisons to the classical result of the Euler-Engesser reduced-modulus loads are also presented.
description: 15 pages
Wälzlagerschmierung mit Fett bei niedrigen Temperaturen
Creators: name: Gerstenberger, Jens
Publisher: name: Hannover : Universität Hannover
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Rolling bearing
subject: grease lubrication
subject: low temperature
subject: Schmierfett
subject: Tieftemperaturverhalten
subject: Wälzlager
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::540 | Chemie
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik

description: [no abstract]
title: A wet-tye from the Troiboden. Interdisciplinary research into Bronze Age mining in the Mitterberg (Salzburg, Austria)
Creators: name: Stöllner, Thomas
name: Breitenlechner, Elisabeth
name: Fritzsch, Dagmar
name: Gontscharow, Anton
name: Hanke, Klaus
name: Kirchner, Dirk
name: Kovács, Kristóf
name: Moser, Michael
name: Nicolussi, Kurt
name: Oeggl, Klaus
name: Pichler, Thomas
name: Pils, Robert
name: Prange, Michael
name: Thiemeyer, Heinrich
name: Thomas, Peter
Publisher: name: University Library Heidelberg
Year: 2016

description: Ein Nassaufbereitungskasten vom Troiboden. Interdisziplinäre Erforschung
des bronzezeitlichen Montanwesens am Mitterberg (Land Salzburg, Österreich)
Der Mitterberg zählt zu den wichtigsten Kupfererzrevieren der Bronzezeit Europas. 2008 und 2009 wurde im Aufbereitungsgelände am Troiboden (Sulzbachmoos) nahe des größten Bergbaudenkmals, des Pingen zuges am Hauptgang, die Nassaufbereitung verwachsener Kupfererze weiter erforscht und ein Nassaufbereitungskasten entdeckt. Die bisherigen Untersuchungen lassen eine 1377/1376 v. Chr. errichtete Waschanlage erkennen, die ein Jahr später nochmals höher gesetzt und weiter genutzt wurde. Deutlich ist, dass sie in den
schluffigen Untergrund eingesetzt wurde und vor allem im oberen Teil des Kastens gröbere Pochgänge, aber auch feingemahlenes Erz gewaschen und möglicherweise durch »Überflotieren« über die Mittelstange auf 3-5 % konzentriert wurden. Feineres Erzmehl wurde vielleicht mithilfe von textilbespannten Sieben gewaschen und konzentriert. Es ist aber unklar, ob auch der bis auf 10 % Kupfergehalt konzentrierte feine Schlich in solchen Anlagen erzeugt wurde. Die Waschanlage kann als eine einfache und effiziente Anlage beschrieben werden und lässt sich mit jüngeren Anlagen und ihrem technischen Prinzip vergleichen.
description: The Mitterberg belongs to the most important copper-ore deposits of Bronze Age Europe. In 2008 and 2009 in the processing area of the Troiboden (Sulzbachmoos) near the largest mining monument, the mining depression line of the Main lode, the wet-processing of washed copper-ores was investigated further and a wet-tye was discovered. In vestigations up to now have revealed a washing plant constructed in 1377/1376 BC, which was raised a year later and used further. It is plain that it was set into the silty soil and, especially in the upper part of the tye, coarser low-grade ore, but also finely ground ore were washed and upgraded to 3-5 %, possibly by »suprafloating« over the central head-board. Finer ore meal was washed and upgraded, perhaps with the aid of sieves covered with cloth. However, it is unclear whether the fine clean ore upgraded up to 10 % of copper was produced in such apparatuses. The washing plant can be described as a simple and efficient construction and in principle allows comparisons to be made with later structures and their technical principles.
Growth of Sha in towers for isogenous curves
Creators: name: Dokchitser, Tim
name: Dokchitser, Vladimir
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11G07 (Primary), 11G05, 11G10, 11G40, 11R23 (Secondary)

description: We study the growth of the Tate-Shafarevich and p-infinity Selmer groups for isogenous abelian varieties in towers of number fields, with an emphasis on elliptic curves. The growth types are usually exponential, as in the setting of `positive mu-invariant' in Iwasawa theory of elliptic curves. The towers we consider are p-adic and l-adic Lie extensions for l<>p, in particular cyclotomic and other Z_l-extensions.
description: 28 pages
SMACE: A New Method for the Interpretability of Composite Decision Systems
Creators: name: Lopardo, Gianluigi
name: Garreau, Damien
name: Precioso, Frederic
name: Ottosson, Greger
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Interpretability is a pressing issue for decision systems. Many post hoc methods have been proposed to explain the predictions of a single machine learning model. However, business processes and decision systems are rarely centered around a unique model. These systems combine multiple models that produce key predictions, and then apply decision rules to generate the final decision. To explain such decisions, we propose the Semi-Model-Agnostic Contextual Explainer (SMACE), a new interpretability method that combines a geometric approach for decision rules with existing interpretability methods for machine learning models to generate an intuitive feature ranking tailored to the end user. We show that established model-agnostic approaches produce poor results on tabular data in this setting, in particular giving the same importance to several features, whereas SMACE can rank them in a meaningful way.
description: Accepted to ECML PKDD 2022, the European Conference on Machine Learning and Principles and Practice of Knowledge Discovery in Databases
Cyclopentadienylcobalt-Chelatkomplexe mit Phosphor-Seitenarm : ungewöhnliche Reaktionen und Komplexe
Creators: name: Kakoschke, Alf
Publisher: name: Hannover : Universität Hannover
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Cobalt chelate complexes
subject: phosphorous
subject: cluster
subject: Chelate
subject: Cobaltkomplexe
subject: Cyclopentadienylgruppe
subject: Phosphororganische Verbindungen
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::540 | Chemie

description: [no abstract]
Padus vulgaris
Creators: name: Becherer
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1956
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy

description: Ph. vulgaris L. und Ph. coccineus L. (Ph. multiflorus Lam.) BeideArten kultiviert und gelegentlichverwildertoderverschleppt;Ph.vulgarisverschlepptnoch bei1840m (ob Fully: Gams).
description: Published as part of Becherer, 1956, Florae Vallesiacae Supplementum, pp. 1-556 in Denkschriften der Schweizerischen Naturforschenden Gesellschaft 71 on pages 1-556
Modeling the SAC microstructure evolution under thermal, thermomechanical and electrical constraints
Creators: name: Meinshausen, Lutz
Publisher: name: Hannover : Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Universität Hannover
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Intermetallic compound
subject: transient liquid phase soldering
subject: electromigration
subject: thermomigration
subject: Intermetallische Phase
subject: Diffusionslöten
subject: Elektromigration
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::670 | Industrielle und handwerkliche Fertigung

description: [no abstract]
Observational Research Using Propensity Scores
Creators: name: Shaw, Andrew D.
name: Ohnuma, Tetsu
name: Layton, J. Bradley
name: Raghunathan, Karthik
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: In most observational studies, treatments or other "exposures" (in an epidemiologic sense) do not occur at random. Instead, treatments or other such interventions depend on several patient-related and patient-independent characteristics. Such factors, associated with the receipt vs nonreceipt of treatment, may also be-independently-associated with outcomes. Thus, confounding exists making it difficult to ascertain the true association between treatments and outcomes. Propensity scores (PS) represent an intuitive set of approaches to reduce the influence of such "confounding" factors. PS is a computed probability of treatment, a value that is estimated for each patient in an observational study and then applied (in a variety of ways such as matching, stratification, weighting, etc.) to reduce distortion in the true nature of the association between treatment (or any similar exposure) and outcomes. Despite several advantages, PS-based methods cannot account for unmeasured confounding, ie, for factors that are not being included in the computation of PS.
Generative Models for Functional Data using Phase and Amplitude Separation
Creators: name: Tucker, J. Derek
name: Wu, Wei
name: Srivastava, Anuj
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Computation (stat.CO)
subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 62F99

description: Constructing generative models for functional observations is an important task in statistical functional analysis. In general, functional data contains both phase (or x or horizontal) and amplitude (or y or vertical) variability. Tradi- tional methods often ignore the phase variability and focus solely on the amplitude variation, using cross-sectional techniques such as fPCA for dimensional reduction and data modeling. Ignoring phase variability leads to a loss of structure in the data and inefficiency in data models. This paper presents an approach that relies on separating the phase (x-axis) and amplitude (y-axis), then modeling these components using joint distributions. This separation, in turn, is performed using a technique called elastic shape analysis of curves that involves a new mathematical representation of functional data. Then, using individual fPCAs, one each for phase and amplitude components, while respecting the nonlinear geometry of the phase representation space; impose joint probability models on principal coefficients of these components. These ideas are demonstrated using random sampling, for models estimated from simulated and real datasets, and show their superiority over models that ignore phase-amplitude separation. Furthermore, the generative models are applied to classification of functional data and achieve high performance in applications involv- ing SONAR signals of underwater objects, handwritten signatures, and periodic body movements recorded by smart phones.
description: 19 Pages, accepted for publication to Computational Statistics and Data Analysis (Dec 2012)
Sub-Gbps key rate four-state continuous-variable quantum key distribution within metropolitan area
Creators: name: Wang, Heng
name: Li, Yang
name: Pi, Yaodi
name: Pan, Yan
name: Shao, Yun
name: Ma, Li
name: Yang, Jie
name: Zhang, Yichen
name: Huang, Wei
name: Xu, Bingjie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Continuous-variable quantum key distribution (CVQKD) has potential advantages of high secret key rate, which is very suitable for high-speed metropolitan network application. However, the reported highest secret key rates of the CVQKD systems up to now are limited in a few Mbps. Here, we address the fundamental experimental problems and demonstrate a single-carrier four-state CVQKD with sub-Gbps key rate within metropolitan area. In the demonstrated four-state CVQKD using local local oscillator, an ultra-low level of excess noise is obtained and a high efficient post-processing setup is designed for practically extracting the final secure keys. Thus, the achieved secure key rates are 190.54 Mbps and 137.76 Mbps and 52.48 Mbps using linear channel assuming security analysis method and 233.87 Mbps, 133.6 Mbps and 21.53 Mbps using semidefinite programming security analysis method over transmission distances of 5 km, 10 km and 25 km, respectively. This record-breaking result increases the previous secret key rate record by an order of magnitude, which is sufficient to achieve the one-time pad cryptographic task. Our work shows the road for future high-rate and large-scale CVQKD deployment in secure broadband metropolitan and access networks.
description: 9 pages, 7 figures
The sl n foam 2-category: A combinatorial formulation of Khovanov–Rozansky homology via categorical skew Howe duality
Creators: name: Rose, David E. V.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: Abstract We give an elementary construction of colored sln link homology. The invariant takes values in a 2-category where 2-morphisms are given by foams, singular cobordisms between sln webs; applying a (TQFT-like) representable functor recovers (colored) Khovanov–Rozansky homology. Novel features of the theory include the introduction of “enhanced” foam facets which fix sign issues associated with the original matrix factorization formulation and the use of skew Howe duality to show that (enhanced) closed foams can be evaluated in a completely combinatorial manner. The latter answers a question posed in [42].
title: Investigating the Impact of Green Exercise on Population Health and Well-being in a Small Community in Ireland:a Novel Approach Using a Natural Laboratory Ecosystem.
titleType: Other
Creators: name: O'Sullivan, Nollaig
Publisher: name: TU Dublin
Year: 2016

description: Green exercise is defined as undertaking physical activity whilst being directly exposed to nature (Pretty et al., 2005; 2007). Pretty et al. (2003) were among the first wave of researchers to investigate the synergistic benefits of incorporating physical activity and exposure to the natural environment to produce positive psychological affect. Over the past decade, investigations into the possible additive effects on well-being of green exercise and how it can be used as an influential tool to help combat the rising rate of both physical inactivity and non –communicable disease has gained prominence in scientific literature. However, there is still a need to investigate the mechanisms behind observed health benefits of the natural environment and to gain a deeper understanding of the benefits of environmental components and how this has potential to improve wellbeing and increase autonomous motivation in physical activity in a community setting. The research project GoGreenEx (Going Outdoors: Gathering Research Evidence on ENvironment and Exercise) aims to build engagement between expert researchers across interdisciplinary perspectives (psychology, physiology, biomechanics, environmental sciences and physical activity) and societal groups, both from the charity sector (Mental Health Ireland-a charity that promotes positive mental health) and the sporting domain (Local Sport Partnerships and commercial entities-e.g., Clarisford Park). This novel research in the field of public health will use the natural laboratory of Clarisford Park to study the impacts and underlying processes that surround green exercise and further add to our understanding of its potential effects on population health and well-being.
title: The science of farting
titleType: Other
Creators: name: Martiniz, Vanesa
Publisher: name: TU Dublin
Year: 2019

description: The earliest joke known to mankind originated in Sumeria, now southern Iraq, around 1900 BC. To no one's surprise, it was a fart joke. We have always found noises down under entertaining, but where do they come from? Are they bad for us? Let’s take a gas-powered trip to the underbelly of science.
title: Die Römischen Alpenstrassen in der Schweiz, von H. Meyer, Zürich 1861
Creators: name: Deycks, Ferdinand
Publisher: name: University Library Heidelberg
Year: 2016

description: Rezension zu: Die Römischen Alpenstrassen in der Schweiz, von Dr. H. Meyer. Zürich. In Commission bei Meyer u. Beller. 1861. 20. S. 4. mit 2 lithogr. Tafeln Abbildungen.
Moduli of spin curves
Creators: name: Ludwig, Katharina
Publisher: name: Hannover : Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Universität Hannover
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Moduli space
subject: spin curve
subject: singularities
subject: pluricanonical forms
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::510 | Mathematik

description: [no abstract]
title: Selling fast: the hidden world of online pricing
Creators: name: Foley, Edel
Publisher: name: TU Dublin
Year: 2019

description: Pricing is the most important aspect of any business offering because it's the only element that brings in revenue. The digital era has transformed pricing, making it a wonderland of deals, flash sales and payday bargains. We Irish have embraced it all, with 63% of us buying consumer goods online and 49% of us buying food online at least once a month. So how do technology and online companies know how to place the right offer, at the right time, and so smoothly that you are often willing to pay in advance, or spend more than you planned, to bag that so-called deal?
title: How the Judicial Council Bill changes the Irish justice system
Creators: name: Barry, Brian
Publisher: name: TU Dublin
Year: 2019

description: The Judicial Council Bill finally passed all stages of the Oireachtas before the summer recess. Although overdue, it is a positive development for the Irish justice system because it will establish for the first time a Judicial Council, a body to represent the Irish judiciary and to formalise many of its operations.
Formation of a penumbra in a decaying sunspot
Creators: name: Louis, Rohan E.
name: Mathew, Shibu K.
name: Puschmann, Klaus G.
name: Beck, Christian
name: Balthasar, Horst
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Context : Penumbrae are an important characteristic of sunspots, whose formation is intricately related to the nature of sub-photospheric magnetic fields. Aims : We study the formation of a penumbra in a decaying sunspot and compare its properties with those seen during the development of a proto-spot. Methods : High-resolution spectropolarimetric observations of active region NOAA 11283 were obtained from the spectro-polarimeter on board Hinode. These were complemented with full-disk filtergrams of continuum intensity, line-of-sight magnetograms, and dopplergrams from the Helioseismic and Magnetic Imager at high cadence. Results : The formation of a penumbra in the decaying sunspot occurs after the coalescence of the sunspot with a magnetic fragment/pore, which initially formed in the quiet Sun close to an emerging flux region. At first, a smaller set of penumbral filaments develop near the location of the merger with very bright penumbral grains with intensities of 1.2 I_QS, upflows of 4 km/s, and a lifetime of 10 hr. During the decay of these filaments, a larger segment of a penumbra forms at the location of the coalescence. These new filaments are characterized by nearly supersonic downflows of 6.5 km/s that change to a regular Evershed flow nearly 3 hr later. Conclusions : The coalescence of the pore with the decaying sunspot provided sufficient magnetic flux for the penumbra to form in the sunspot. The emerging flux region could have played a decisive role in this process because the formation occurred at the location of the merger and not on the opposite side of the sunspot.
description: Accepted for publication in A&A Letters, 6 pages, 4 figures
title: Who wants to listen to an algorithm?
Creators: name: Black-Hynes, Daragh
Publisher: name: TU Dublin
Year: 2019

description: Google recently released their first ever AI-powered "doodle" in honour of Johann Sebastian Bach on the composer’s birthday. The program allows users to input their own melodies and the algorithm will attempt to harmonise them in the style of Bach, based on a dataset of 306 of the composer’s works. The results were underwhelming, at times even outright humorous, with the only certain takeaway being that AI still has a very long way to go in the field of music.
Phase-reference intensity attack on continuous-variable quantum key distribution with a real local oscillator
Creators: name: Shao, Yun
name: Li, Yang
name: Wang, Heng
name: Pan, Yan
name: Pi, Yaodi
name: Zhang, Yichen
name: Huang, Wei
name: Xu, Bingjie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In practical continuous-variable quantum key distribution system using local local oscillator (LLO CV-QKD), the phase noise related to coherent detection and phase-reference pulse intensity that can be locally calibrated at the receiver side is considered to be trusted noise to improve the performance. However, if the intensity of the phase-reference pulse is not monitored precisely in real-time, a security loophole will be opened for the eavesdropper to launch attacks. To this end, we propose two practical phase-reference pulse intensity attack strategies, where Eve can reduce the trusted phase noise by manipulating the intensity of the phase-reference pulse, thereby hiding her attack on the signal pulse if the total excess noise remains unchanged. The performance of the LLO CV-QKD system under these attacks has been analyzed. We show that precisely monitoring the intensity of the phase-reference pulse in real-time is an essential countermeasure to prevent the proposed attacks. Moreover, an intensity-monitoring scheme for the phase-reference pulse is proposed to strengthen the security of the practical LLO CV-QKD system and make the trusted phase noise model more robust.
description: 21 pages, 6 pages
Topological entanglement entropy in bilayer quantum Hall systems
Creators: name: Chung, Myung-Hoon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate the topological entanglement entropy in bilayer quantum Hall systems, dividing the set of quantum numbers into four parts. This topological entanglement entropy allows us to draw a phase diagram in the parameter space of layer separation and tunneling amplitude. We perform the finite size scaling analysis of the topological entanglement entropy in order to see the quantum phase transition clearly.
description: 14 pages
title: All You Ever Wanted to Know About Craft Beer
Creators: name: Boyle, Judith
Publisher: name: TU Dublin
Year: 2019

description: Beer is arguably the oldest and most consumed alcoholic beverage in the world and Ireland has a long history of beer and brewing. After a period of stagnation which lasted many decades, the Irish brewing industry is undergoing significant change in recent times and the craft beer movement is the catalyst for this shift. But what are the origins of the craft beer movement - and what exactly is craft beer?
title: The many commemorative rituals of Glasnevin Cemetery
Creators: name: Doyle, Siobhan
Publisher: name: TU Dublin
Year: 2019

description: People do not simply remember, they remember because someone is constantly reminding them. This constant reminding is the basis for commemorations and doing so in public spaces allows for the celebration and presentation of heritage and the remembrance of those lost, but it can also re- enact traditional divisions.
Heavy hadron spectroscopy: a quark model perspective
Creators: name: Vijande, J.
name: Valcarce, A.
name: Caramés, T. F.
name: Garcilazo, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present recent results of hadron spectroscopy and hadron-hadron interaction from the perspective of constituent quark models. We pay special attention to the role played by higher order Fock space components in the hadron spectra and the connection of this extension with the hadron-hadron interaction. The main goal of our description is to obtain a coherent understanding of the lowenergy hadron phenomenology without enforcing any particular model, to constrain its characteristics and learn about low-energy realization of the theory.
description: Invited talk at the 11th International Conference on Hypernuclear and Strange Particle Physics, Barcelona (Spain)
Sub-arc mantle enrichment in the Sunda rear-arc inferred from HFSE systematics in high-K lavas from Java
Creators: name: Kirchenbaur, M.
name: Schuth, S.
name: Barth, A.R.
name: Luguet, A.
name: König, S.
name: Idrus, A.
name: Garbe-Schönberg, D.
name: Münker, C.
Publisher: name: Berlin ; Heidelberg : Springer
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Muria
subject: Rear-arc volcanism
subject: Sunda arc
subject: Superchondritic Nb/Ta
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::550 | Geowissenschaften

description: Many terrestrial silicate reservoirs display a characteristic depletion in Nb, which has been explained in some studies by the presence of reservoirs on Earth with superchondritic Nb/Ta. As one classical example, K-rich lavas from the Sunda rear-arc, Indonesia, have been invoked to tap such a high-Nb/Ta reservoir. To elucidate the petrogenetic processes active beneath the Java rear-arc and the causes for the superchondritic Nb/Ta in some of these lavas, we studied samples from the somewhat enigmatic Javanese rear-arc volcano Muria, which allow conclusions regarding the across-arc variations in volcanic output, source mineralogy and subduction components. We additionally report some data for an along-arc sequence of lavas from the Indonesian part of the Sunda arc, extending from Krakatoa in the west to the islands of Bali and Lombok in the east. We present major and trace element concentrations, Sr–Nd–Hf–Pb isotope compositions, and high-field-strength element (HFSE: Nb, Ta, Zr, Hf, W) concentrations obtained via isotope dilution and MC-ICP-MS analyses. The geochemical data are complemented by melting models covering different source compositions with slab melts formed at variable P–T conditions. The radiogenic isotope compositions of the frontal arc lavas in combination with their trace element systematics confirm previously established regional variations of subduction components along the arc. Melting models show a clear contribution of a sediment-derived component to the HFSE budget of the frontal arc lavas, particularly affecting Zr–Hf and W. In contrast, the K-rich rear-arc lavas tap more hybrid and enriched mantle sources. The HFSE budget of the rear-arc lavas is in particular characterized by superchondritic Nb/Ta (up to 25) that are attributed to deep melting involving overprint by slab melts formed from an enriched garnet–rutile-bearing eclogitic residue. Sub-arc slab melting was potentially triggered along a slab tear beneath the Sunda arc, which is the result of the forced subduction of an oceanic basement relief ~ 8 Myr ago as confirmed by geophysical studies. The purported age of the slab tear coincides with a paucity in arc volcanism, widespread thrusting of the Javanese basement crust as well as the short-lived nature of the K-rich rear-arc volcanism at that time. © 2021, The Author(s).
Identifying Axion Insulator by Quantized Magnetoelectric Effect in Antiferromagnetic ${\mathrm{MnBi}}_{2}{\mathrm{Te}}_{4}$ Tunnel Junction
Creators: name: Li, Yu-Hang
name: Cheng, Ran
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Intrinsic magnetic topological insulator ${\mathrm{MnBi}}_{2}{\mathrm{Te}}_{4}$ is believed to be an axion insulator in its antiferromagnetic ground state. However, direct identification of axion insulators remains experimentally elusive because the observed vanishing Hall resistance, while indicating the onset of the axion field, is inadequate to distinguish the system from a trivial normal insulator. Using numerical Green's functions, we theoretically demonstrate the quantized magnetoelectric current in a tunnel junction of atomically thin ${\mathrm{MnBi}}_{2}{\mathrm{Te}}_{4}$ sandwiched between two contacts, which is a smoking-gun signal that unambiguously confirms antiferromagnetic ${\mathrm{MnBi}}_{2}{\mathrm{Te}}_{4}$ to be an axion insulator. Our predictions can be verified directly by experiments.
The Rigidity of the (BH4)-Anion Dispersed in Halides AX, A = Na, K; X = Cl, Br, I, and in MBH4 with M = Na, K, Rb, Cs
Creators: name: Assi, Zeina
name: Schneider, Alexander Gareth
name: Ulpe, Anna Christina
name: Bredow, Thomas
name: Rüscher, Claus Henning
Publisher: name: Basel : MDPI
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: alkali metal borohydride
subject: BH4− in halide
subject: first principle calculations
subject: infrared spectroscopy
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::540 | Chemie

description: The B–H bond length of the borohydride anion (BH4−) in alkali metal borohydrides MBH4 with M = Na, K, Rb, Cs, and diluted in different alkali halide matrices, was investigated experimentally by infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and theoretically using first principles calculations. The peak positions in IR absorption spectra of NaBH4 pressed at 754 MPa in halides NaX and KX with X = Cl, Br, I show significant variations indicating ion exchange effects between the halide and NaBH4. For NaBH4 in NaBr, NaI, KBr and KI pellets, the peak positions indicate that BH4− could be highly diluted in the AX matrix, which renders an isolation of BH4− in AX (i-BH4−). For NaBH4 in NaCl and KCl pellets, a solution of BH4− in AX occurred only after a further thermal treatment up to 450◦C. The observed peak positions are discussed with respect to the lattice parameter (a0), anion to cation ratio (R = rA/rX), standard enthalpy of formation (∆fH) and ionic character (Ic ) of the halides. A linear relation is obtained between ν3 (i-BH4−) and the short-range lattice energies of AX. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations at generalized gradient approximation (GGA) level were used to calculate the IR vibrational frequencies ν4, ν3 and ν2 + ν4 for series of compositions Na(BH4)0.25X0.75 with X = Cl, Br, I, and MBH4. The theoretical and experimental results show the same trends, indicating the rigidity of the B–H bond length and the failure of Badger’s rule. © 2022 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
Geranium phaeum L.
Creators: name: Becherer
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1956
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy

description: G. phaeum L. Cat. 59 und423. Var. vulgatius DC. (die typische Form) - Fehlt im Wallis. Die Angaben Tête-Noire (Payot; vgl. Cat.), Val Ferret und Bourg-St-Pierre (Melly Lit. 1916,S. 77) beziehen sich auf die nachstehende Rasse. Var. lividum (L'Heritier) DC. - Bis 2400 m. - l: Tanay (Mantz, Villaret); Finhaut (J.); Haut d'Arbignon (Gams). - 2: Lousine ob Fully-Saillon (Gams); Derborence (Villaret); Sanetsch bei der Boiterie (Thommen und Terretaz). - 3: Val de Bagnes:Fionnay (Zahn,Pugsley, Villaret), Bonatchesse (J.), Chanrion, 2400 m (R. Chodat); Mont-Chemin (Closuit).
description: Published as part of Becherer, 1956, Florae Vallesiacae Supplementum, pp. 1-556 in Denkschriften der Schweizerischen Naturforschenden Gesellschaft 71 on pages 1-556
The relation between chemical abundances and kinematics of the Galactic disc with RAVE
Creators: name: Boeche, C.
name: Chiappini, C.
name: Minchev, I.
name: Williams, M.
name: Steinmetz, M.
name: Sharma, S.
name: Kordopatis, G.
name: Bland-Hawthorn, J.
name: Bienayme, O.
name: Gibson, B. K.
name: Gilmore, G.
name: Grebel, E. K.
name: Helmi, A.
name: Munari, U.
name: Navarro, J. F.
name: Parker, Q. A.
name: Reid, W.
name: Seabroke, G. M.
name: Siebert, A.
name: Siviero, A.
name: Watson, F. G.
name: Wyse, R. F. G.
name: Zwitter, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Aims: We study the relations between stellar kinematics and chemical abundances of a large sample of RAVE giants in search for selection criteria needed for disentangling different Galactic stellar populations. Methods: We select a sample of 2167 giant stars with signal-to-noise per spectral measurements above 75 from the RAVE chemical catalogue and follow the analysis performed by Gratton and colleagues on 150 subdwarf stars spectroscopically observed at high-resolution. We then use a larger sample of 9131 giants (with signal-to-noise above 60) to investigate the chemo-kinematical characteristics of our stars by grouping them into nine subsamples with common eccentricity ($e$) and maximum distance achieved above the Galactic plane ($Z_max$). Results: The RAVE kinematical and chemical data proved to be reliable by reproducing the results by Gratton et al. obtained with high-resolution spectroscopic data. Our analysis, based on the $e$-$Z_max$ plane combined with additional orbital parameters and chemical information, provides an alternative way of identifying different populations of stars. In addition to extracting canonical thick- and thin-disc samples, we find a group of stars in the Galactic plane ($Z_max<1$ kpc and 0.4 $< e < $0.6), which show homogeneous kinematics but differ in their chemical properties. We interpret this as a clear sign that some of these stars have experienced the effects of heating and/or radial migration, which have modified their original orbits. The accretion origin of such stars cannot be excluded.
description: accepted for publication in A&A
title: Making laws in Ireland after Brexit
Creators: name: Curran, Cathal
Publisher: name: TU Dublin
Year: 2019

description: The recent ESRI and Department of Finance predictions for Ireland’s future post-Brexit make for grim reading. The envisaged loss of up to 80,000 jobs is evocative of the recession and economic downturn in 2008/09. If the anticipated losses are to be believed, Ireland can expect catastrophic financial repercussions.
Ferroelectric nanocomposites with governed interface on base of magnetic porous glasses
Creators: name: Naberezhnov, A.A.
name: Alekseeva, O.A.
name: Golosovsky, I.V.
name: Sysoeva, A.A.
name: Vanina, P.Y.
name: Nacke, B.
name: Nikanorov, A.
Publisher: name: Rēzekne : Rezekne Higher Education Institution
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Artificial multiferroics
subject: Interface
subject: Magnetic glasses
subject: Nanocomposite materials
subject: Restricted geometry
subject: Agglomeration
subject: Borosilicate glass
subject: Crystal structure
subject: Etching
subject: Ferroelectricity
subject: Interfaces (materials)
subject: Magnetism
subject: Magnetite
subject: Magnetite nanoparticles
subject: Nanocomposites
subject: Phase diagrams
subject: Pore structure
subject: Silica
subject: Sodium compounds
subject: Alkali borosilicate glass
subject: Applied magnetic fields
subject: Induction melting
subject: Macroscopic properties
subject: Magnetic glass
subject: Multiferroics
subject: Restricted geometries
subject: Superparamagnetic property
subject: Ferroelectric materials
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::300 | Sozialwissenschaften, Soziologie, Anthropologie::330 | Wirtschaft::333 | Boden- und Energiewirtschaft::333,7 | Natürliche Ressourcen, Energie und Umwelt

description: Two-phase (nonporous) magnetic alkali borosilicate glasses have been produced by induction melting. Their macroscopic properties and crystal structure have been studied and it is shown that in the silica skeleton there are the agglomerates of Fe3 O4. These agglomerates are formed by monodomain nanoparticles of magnetite and demonstrate the superparamagnetic properties. After special thermal treatment (liquation process) and chemical etching the nanoporous matrices with random dendrite pore structure and magnetic properties have been produced. The channels (porous space) were filled by ferroelectric materials KH2 PO4 (KDP), KH2 PO4 +(NH4 )H2 PO4 (KDP-ADP or KADP), and NaNO2 and the effect of applied magnetic fields on phase transitions in these nanocomposite have been studied. It has also been established that a restricted geometry changed essentially the phase diagram of KADP.
$R$-Symmetry Breaking in Supersymmetric Hybrid Inflation
Creators: name: Civiletti, Matthew
name: Rehman, Mansoor Ur
name: Sabo, Eric
name: Shafi, Qaisar
name: Wickman, Joshua
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a supersymmetric hybrid inflation scenario in which the U(1) $R$-symmetry is explicitly broken by Planck scale suppressed operators in the superpotential. We provide an example with minimal Kähler potential, with the $R$-symmetry breaking term relevant during inflation being $αS^4$, where $S$ denotes the well-known gauge singlet inflaton superfield. The inflationary potential takes into account the radiative and supergravity corrections, as well as the soft supersymmetry breaking terms. For successful inflation, with the scalar spectral index in the currently preferred range, $n_s \approx 0.97 \pm 0.010$, $| α|$ $\lesssim 10^{-7}$. The tensor to scalar ratio $r \lesssim 10^{-4}$, while $| \text{d} n_s / \text{d} \ln k | \sim \mathcal{O}(10^{-3})-\mathcal{O}(10^{-4})$
description: 14 pages, 15 figures, 1 table
title: Close encounters with Ireland's invasive species
Creators: name: Boyle, Ken
Publisher: name: TU Dublin
Year: 2019

description: Turn and run
Nothing can stop them
Around every river and canal their power is growing
Stamp them out
We must destroy them
They infiltrate each city with their thick dark warning odour
(Genesis "The Return of the Giant Hogweed")

That song by Genesis manages to capture the emotions that are often present in our discussion on invasive species. Invasive species are species that have been introduced, deliberately or accidentally, by humans to a region and in time have a negative impact on the economy, wildlife or habitats of the region.