cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Mechanical properties of granular deposits from self-boring pressuremeter tests
Creators: name: Roy, Debasis
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: The self-boring pressuremeter test has the potential of providing the information necessary for calculating the deformation behavior of granular deposits. However, the stress path and loading orientation with respect to the depositional direction in the test is such that the stress-strain relationship obtained directly from the data following the existing procedures can be very conservative in many field problems of practical significance. A reasonably simple stress-strain model is proposed in this research accounting for inherent anisotropy for granular deposits and stress-path dependent soil behavior. The model is used to back-analyze self-boring pressuremeter tests and determine an optimum set of model parameters representing the behavior of the deposit. The exercise of back-analysis essentially involves fitting the response of the stress-strain model to the self-boring pressuremeter data by altering the model parameter by manual trial and error. To compute the model response in cylindrical cavity expansion, a commercially available explicit finite difference computer code (FLAC) is used. An implicit finite element code developed in this research can also be used for the purpose. To minimize the impact of non-uniqueness in the result, a-priori information about the bounds of values of some of the model parameters is used. Supplementary information about the state of packing of the deposit and small strain stiffness is obtained from a seismic piezocone penetration test carried out adjacent to the self-boring pressuremeter bore hole. The deformation behavior of an axisymmetric element for the model parameters predicted from back analysis of self-boring pressuremeter test is found to agree with laboratory triaxial tests on undisturbed (frozen) samples in both compression and extension at several sites. The explicit finite difference computer code FLAC is again used to predict the response of an axisymmetric element. Further validation for the procedure proposed for estimation of deformation behavior of granular deposits from self-boring pressuremeter comes from the negligible value of the undrained strength obtained for data from a mine site where there was a static liquefaction failure. The only reliable method available at present to estimate deformation behavior of granular deposits is extraction of frozen samples and laboratory testing. The cost of adopting this approach is often too great for routine use. Even in important projects economical options of estimating deformation behavior from index tests such as SPT and piezocone penetration are thus adopted. These empirical procedures are usually very imprecise. The procedure based on back analysis of self-boring pressuremeter tests proposed in this research appears to provide a more reliable alternative than the approach based on index tests. At the same time, the approach is quite economical in comparison with the option of undisturbed sampling and laboratory testing.
title: Modelle zur computergestützten Analyse von Überlieferungen der Mensuralmusik : Empirische Textforschung im Kontext phylogenetischer Verfahren
Creators: name: Plaksin, Anna Viktoria Katrin
Publisher: name: Readbox Unipress
Year: 2021

description: Da die Analyse von Überlieferungsprozessen auf die Rekonstruktion von Beziehungen zwischen Quellen abzielt, liegt der Fokus vor allem auf den Unterschieden sehr ähnlicher Objekte. Dies erfordert Substitutionsmodelle, die für feine Grade von Differenz und struktureller Varianz optimiert sind. In diesem Buch wird sich der Entwicklung computergestützter Verfahren zur Analyse der Überlieferung mensuraler Musikquellen gewidmet. Teil I legt mit der Schilderung der Grundannahmen der Filiation von Mensuralmusik und zentraler Konzepte phylogenetischer Analyse die methodischen Grundlagen. Teil II umfasst eine Fallstudie begonnen mit den methodischen und gegenstandsspezifischen Anforderungen, über Fragen zur Kodierung und Sequenzbildung, hin zu einem Ansatz, Substitutionsmodelle mithilfe von Surrogatdatenanalyse zu evaluieren.
Chirality-Selective Transport of Benzene Molecules on Carbon Nanotubes
Creators: name: Wang, Zhao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using molecular dynamics simulations, we predict an effect of chirality on the conduction of benzene molecules along the surface of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) subjected to a thermal gradient. The group drift velocity of the molecules is found to be maximal in the case of an armchair CNT, and to decrease with decreasing chiral angle. This chirality effect on thermodiffusion is induced by a variation in the optimized paths of molecules that change with different electronic overlap at the interface. The mechanism for the thermophoretic transport is identified to be coupled with a gradient of adsorbate-substrate interaction energy, which originates from the anharmonic nature of the van der Waals potential.
description: 6 figures
Mixed-order transition in the antiferromagnetic quantum Ising chain in a field
Creators: name: Lajkó, Péter
name: Iglói, Ferenc
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The antiferromagnetic quantum Ising chain has a quantum critical point which belongs to the universality class of the transverse Ising model (TIM). When a longitudinal field ($h$) is switched on, the phase transition is preserved, which turns to first-order for $h/Γ\to \infty$, $Γ$ being the strength of the transverse field. Here we will re-examine the critical properties along the phase transition line. During a quantum block renormalization group calculation, the TIM fixed point for $h/Γ>0$ is found to be unstable. Using DMRG techniques, we calculated the entanglement entropy and the spin-spin correlation function, both of which signaled a divergent correlation length at the transition point with the TIM exponents. At the same time, the bulk correlation function has a jump and the end-to-end correlation function has a discontinuous derivative at the transition point. Consequently for finite $h/Γ$ the transition is of mixed-order.
description: 8 pages, 2 tables and 8 figures
An Arctic archipelago, A territory of international science. Geography of scientific research in Svalbard.
Creators: name: Mayline Strouk
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: Geography

description: This is a Master thesis lead in 2020, in French. Abstract (in eng):
Far from being a fringe of the world, Svalbard is actually an archipelago at the heart of international science. This dissertation falls within the field of the geography of science, which aims to study science as a spatial fact. It assumes that Svalbard is a constructed research territory which counts science among its resources and which, in turn, is, as a “control area” for climate change and as an “open-air laboratory”, a resource for science. New sources are mobilised, such as a set of interviews conducted with French and Norwegian scientists who have done research in Svalbard, and a database, Research in Svalbard. Reflecting on science as a resource allows us to understand that it is part of political claims on the territory. Thinking of the territory as a resource for science makes it possible to grasp the ways in which researchers choose a field of research, and to look at the impact of science on the space it studies; as well as new scientific practices.
Detection of 6 K gas in Ophiuchus D
Creators: name: Harju, J.
name: Juvela, M.
name: Schlemmer, S.
name: Haikala, L. K.
name: Lehtinen, K.
name: Mattila, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Cold cores in interstellar molecular clouds represent the very first phase in star formation. The physical conditions of these objects are studied in order to understand how molecular clouds evolve and how stellar masses are determined. The purpose of this study is to probe conditions in the dense, starless clump Ophichus D (Oph D). The ground-state (1(10)-1(11)) rotational transition of ortho-H2D+ was observed with APEX towards the density peak of Oph D. The width of the H2D+ line indicates that the kinetic temperature in the core is about 6 K. So far, this is the most direct evidence of such cold gas in molecular clouds. The observed H2D+ spectrum can be reproduced with a hydrostatic model with the temperature increasing from about 6 K in the centre to almost 10 K at the surface. The model is unstable against any increase in the external pressure, and the core is likely to form a low-mass star. The results suggest that an equilibrium configuration is a feasible intermediate stage of star formation even if the larger scale structure of the cloud is thought to be determined by turbulent fragmentation. In comparison with the isothermal case, the inward decrease in the temperature makes smaller, i.e. less massive, cores susceptible to externally triggered collapse.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures, accepted for Astronomy and Astrophysics
Barred Galaxies in the IllustrisTNG Simulation
Creators: name: Zhao, Dongyao
name: Du, Min
name: Ho, Luis C.
name: Debattista, Victor P.
name: Shi, Jingjing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Almost two-thirds of disk galaxies in the local universe host bars, which serve as important drivers of secular evolutionary processes. While cosmological simulations are powerful tools to study the formation and evolution of galaxies, they have often struggled to generate reasonable bar populations. We measure the fraction, size, and strength of bars in 3866 disk galaxies from the TNG100 run of the advanced cosmological simulation IllustrisTNG. Consistent with observations, about 55% of disk galaxies with stellar mass $M_* \approx 10^{10.6}\, M_\odot$ are barred, and the relation between bar size and total stellar mass is similar to that found in near-infrared surveys. However, the formation of bars is suppressed in galaxies with $M_* < 10^{10.6}\, M_\odot$, which may result from the difficulty TNG100 has in resolving short bars with radius <1.4 kpc. In contrast, up to 75% of massive disk galaxies with $M_* > 10^{10.6}\, M_\odot$ have bars, ~10%-20% higher than observed. TNG100 overproduces relatively short bars (radius ~1.4-3 kpc) with respect to the mass-bar size relation observed in near-infrared surveys. Tracing the progenitors of z=0 massive galaxies we find that the bar fraction increases from 25% to 63% between z=1 and 0. Instead if we select all disk galaxies during z=0-1 with a constant mass cut of $M_* \geqslant 10^{10.6}\, M_\odot$ we find that the bar fraction is a nearly constant 60%.
description: 16 pages, 11 figures. Submitted to ApJ
Wave Front Sensing and Correction Using Spatial Modulation and Digitally Enhanced Heterodyne Interferometry
Creators: name: Ralph, David Tarquin
Publisher: name: The Australian National University
Year: 2018
Subjects: Wavefront
Wavefront sensing
Wavefront correction
Single Diode
Digitally Enhanced Heterodyne Interferometry
Cavity Alignment
Phase mapping
Amplitude mapping
Real time wavefront correction

description: This thesis is about light. Specifically it explores a new way sensing the spatial distribution of amplitude and phase across the wavefront of a propagating laser. It uses spatial light modulators to tag spatially distinct regions of the beam, a single diode to collect the resulting light and digitally enhanced heterodyne interferometry to decode the phase and amplitude information across the wavefront. It also demonstrates how using these methods can be used to maximise the transmission of light through a cavity and shows how minor aberrations in the beam can be corrected in real time. Finally it demonstrate the preferential transmission of higher order modes. Wavefront sensing is becoming increasingly important as the demands on modern interferometers increase. Land based systems such as the Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory (LIGO) use it to maximise the amount of power in the arm cavities during operation and reduce noise, while space based missions such as the Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA) will use it to align distant partner satellites and ensure that the maximum amount of signal is exchanged. Conventionally wavefront sensing is accomplished using either Hartmann Sensors or multi-element diodes. These are well proven and very effective techniques but bring with them a number of well understood limitations. Critically, while they can map a wavefront in detail, they are strictly sensors and can do nothing to correct it. Our new technique is based on a single-element photo-diode and the spatial modulation of the local oscillator beam. We encode orthogonal codes spatially onto this light and use these to separate the phases and amplitudes of different parts of the signal beam in post processing. This technique shifts complexity from the optical hardware into deterministic digital signal processing. Notably, the use of a single analogue channel (photo-diode, connections and analogue to digital converter) avoids some low-frequency error sources. The technique can also sense the wavefront phase at many points, limited only by the number of actuators on the spatial light modulator in contrast to the standard 4 points from a quadrant photo-diode. For ground-based systems, our technique could be used to identify and eliminate higher-order modes, while, for space-based systems, it provides a measure of wavefront tilt which is less susceptible to low frequency noise. In the future it may be possible to couple the technique with an artificial intelligence engine to automate more of the beam alignment process in arrangements involving multiple cavities, preferentially select (or reject) specific higher order modes and start to reduce the burgeoning requirements for human control of these complex instruments.
The Emergence of a New Public Art in Beijing, Shanghai and Hong Kong from 1990 to 2012
Creators: name: Liew, Martha
Publisher: name: The Australian National University
Year: 2019

description: This thesis is concerned with how two main genres of public art: traditional and 'new genre public art' evolved in Beijing, Shanghai and Hong Kong between 1990 and 2012 in response to political, economic, spatial, social and cultural changes. Since 1990, Chinese public art has focused on traditional forms of public art and the relationship of public art to architecture and urban planning. Unique forms of public art and architecture, I argue, have also been emerging amidst a dynamic of unprecedented rapid urbanisation and the country's significant engagement with the global community. One example of this is the implementation of China's urbanisation policies, which have transformed the spatial structures of Chinese cities and the role of public art in the new urban landscape. Drawing on critical perspectives from public art, contemporary Chinese art, architecture and urban theories, this thesis presents an in-depth study of Chinese public art, including the non-material production of art, which involves public engagement. The investigation of Chinese public art has resulted in an expansion of the definition of new genre public art in consideration of the peculiarities of the Chinese experience, including in politically autonomous Hong Kong. The key argument of this thesis is that the development of Chinese public art during the last two and a half decades has not been dominated by a particular narrative, ideology or mode of production but, instead, is a consequence of varying responses to government policies and the changing political, social, cultural and economic environments in Beijing, Shanghai and Hong Kong.
Crowdsourcing Human Oversight on Image Tagging Algorithms: An initial study of image diversity
Creators: name: Kyriakou, Kyriakos
name: Barlas, Pinar
name: Kleanthous, Styliani
name: Christoforou, Evgenia
name: Otterbacher, Jahna
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: crowdsourcing, diversity

description: Various stakeholders have called for human oversight of algorithmic processes, as a means to mitigate the possibility for automated discrimination and other social harms. This is even more crucial in light of the democratization of AI, where data and algorithms, such as Cognitive Services, are deployed into various applications and socio-cultural contexts. Inspired by previous work proposing human-in-the-loop governance mechanisms, we run a feasibility study involving image tagging services. Specifically, we ask whether micro-task crowdsourcing can be an effective means for collecting a diverse pool of data for evaluating fairness in a hypothetical scenario of analyzing professional profile photos in a later phase. In this work-in-progress paper, we present our proposed oversight approach and framework for analyzing the diversity of the images provided. Given the subjectivity of fairness judgements, we first aimed to recruit a diverse crowd from three distinct regions. This study lays the groundwork for expanding the approach, to offer developers a means to evaluate Cognitive Services before and/or during deployment
Magnetoconductivity in the presence of Bychkov-Rashba spin-orbit interaction
Creators: name: Punnoose, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A closed-form analytic formula for the magnetoconductivity in the diffusive regime is derived in the presence of Bychkov-Rashba spin-orbit interaction in two dimensions. It is shown that at low fields B << B_{so}, where B_{so} is the characteristic field associated with spin precession, D'yakonov-Perel' mechanism leads to spin relaxation, while for B >> B_{so} spin relaxation is suppressed and the resulting spin precession contributes a Berry phase-like spin phase to the magnetoconductivity. The relative simplicity of the formula greatly facilitates data fitting, allowing for the strength of the spin-orbit coupling to be easily extracted.
СОПОСТАВИТЕЛЬНЫЙ АНАЛИЗ ХАРАКТЕРА ФЕМИНИННОСТИ В РУССКИХ И УЗБЕКСКИХ ПОСЛОВИЦАХ
Creators: name: Джуманиязова, Зилола
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: В статье рассматривается анализ и описание интерпретации образа женщины в паремиологической картине мира разносистемных языков. Осуществлено исследование данных понятий в работах зарубежных ученых; выявлены и описаны аксиологические особенности в пословицах, основанных на гендерных стереотипах в разносистемных языках.
[Transcriptions of Makah Texts]
Creators: name: Barker, Nora
name: Jacobsen, William H.
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: myh

description: Typed transcriptions, in Makah and English, of “Killer Whale Husband” and “Wishing for Star-Husbands”; links with the audio in 2014-21.006.014. Also contains a 1-page document entitled “Symbols for Nootka Transcription” which summarizes the transcription conventions of various researchers.
The degree of Q-Fano threefolds
Creators: name: Prokhorov, Yu. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14J45; 14E30

description: We prove that the degree of Fano threefolds with terminal Q-factorial singularities and Picard number one is at most 125/2 and the bound is sharp.
description: 23 pages, LATEX
Multimodal imaging for intra-droplet gas-cavity observation during droplet fragmentation
Creators: name: Biasiori-Poulanges, Luc
name: El-Rabii, Hazem
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Herein, planar laser-induced fluorescence (PLIF) is used in combination with shadowgraphy to study water-droplet aerobreakup. The acquired shadowgraph data are in agreement with previous visualization studies but differ from the PLIF results, yielding new insights into the fragmentation process. In particular, the PLIF data reveal changes in droplet topology during fragmentation that result from the entrapment or formation of gas cavities inside the liquid phase. In some instances, topological modification can be observed to arise from the presence of these cavities. In addition, the cavities may act as weak spots, facilitating droplet split-off.
Perturbed soliton excitations in DNA molecular chain
Creators: name: Daniel, M.
name: Vasumathi, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study nonlinear dynamics of a periodic inhomogeneous DNA double helical chain under dynamic plane-base rotator model by considering angular rotation of bases in a plane normal to the helical axis. The dynamics is governed by a perturbed sine-Gordon equation. The perturbed soliton solution is obtained using a multiple scale soliton perturbation theory. The perturbed kink-antikink solitons represent formation of open state configuration with fluctuation in DNA.
description: 20 Pages, 5 figures
Response of a pile restrained floating breakwater
Creators: name: Manuel, Brenda
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Experimental work has been performed to assess the behaviour of a caisson-type floating breakwater restrained by adjacent vertical piles. A series of two-dimensional simulations were executed evaluating the effectiveness of the breakwater as it was subjected to various incident wave trains. The transmission coefficient was of primary interest, although the reflection coefficient, energy dissipation coefficient, and heave response amplitude operator were also evaluated from the experimental results. Two numerical models were used to estimate the reflection coefficient from the experimental data; the two-probe method and the least squares method. Numerical analysis was executed using the Hydrodynamic Analysis of a Floating Breakwater software (HAFB), which is a model based on linear wave diffraction theory to predict wave loads and motions of a floating breakwater in oblique seas. This model was used to numerically predict the transmission and reflection coefficients and the heave response amplitude operator. The results of the numerical model show reasonable agreement with the experimental results.
The Final Fate of the Rolling Tachyon
Creators: name: Lee, Taejin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose an alternative interpretation of the boundary state for the rolling tachyon, which may depict the time evolution of unstable D-branes in string theory. Splitting the string variable in the temporal direction into the classical part, which we may call "time" and the quantum one, we observe the time dependent behaviour of the boundary. Using the fermion representation of the rolling tachyon boundary state, we show that the boundary state correctly describes the time-dependent decay process of the unstable D-brane into a S-brane at the classical level.
description: 9 pages, revtex
One-step generation of high-quality squeezed and EPR states in cavity QED
Creators: name: Villas-Boas, C. J.
name: Moussa, M. H. Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show how to generate bilinear (quadratic) Hamiltonians in cavity quantum electrodynamics (QED) through the interaction of a single driven three-level atom with two (one) cavity modes. With this scheme it is possible to generate one-mode mesoscopic squeezed superpositions, two-mode entanglements, and two-mode squeezed vacuum states (such the original EPR state), without the need for Ramsey zones and external parametric amplification. The degree of squeezing achieved is up to 99% with currently feasible experimental parameters and the errors due to dissipative mechanisms become practically negligible.
Centrality with Diversity
Creators: name: Lyu, Liang
name: Fain, Brandon
name: Munagala, Kamesh
name: Wang, Kangning
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Graph centrality measures use the structure of a network to quantify central or "important" nodes, with applications in web search, social media analysis, and graphical data mining generally. Traditional centrality measures such as the well known PageRank interpret a directed edge as a vote in favor of the importance of the linked node. We study the case where nodes may belong to diverse communities or interests and investigate centrality measures that can identify nodes that are simultaneously important to many such diverse communities. We propose a family of diverse centrality measures formed as fixed point solutions to a generalized nonlinear eigenvalue problem. Our measure can be efficiently computed on large graphs by iterated best response and we study its normative properties on both random graph models and real-world data. We find that we are consistently and efficiently able to identify the most important diverse nodes of a graph, that is, those that are simultaneously central to multiple communities.
description: Accepted by the 14th ACM International Conference on Web Search and Data Mining (WSDM 2021)
The existence and decay of solitary waves for the Fornberg-Whitham equation
Creators: name: Zhang, Yong
name: Xu, Fei
name: Li, Fengquan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35Q35 76B15 76B03 35A01

description: In this paper, we consider the Fornberg-Whitham equation and a family of solitary wave solutions is found by using minimization principle, where a related penalization function and the concentration-compactness lemma play a key role in our proof. Besides, we also prove that the family of solitary solutions is orbital stable and decay exponentially when speed wave c is bigger than 1.
Transient horizontal magnetic fields in solar plage regions
Creators: name: Ishikawa, R.
name: Tsuneta, S.
name: Ichimoto, K.
name: Isobe, H.
name: Katsukawa, Y.
name: Lites, B. W.
name: Nagata, S.
name: Shimizu, T.
name: Shine, R. A.
name: Suematsu, Y.
name: Tarbell, T. D.
name: Title, A. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the discovery of isolated, small-scale emerging magnetic fields in a plage region with the Solar Optical Telescope aboard Hinode. Spectro-polarimetric observations were carried out with a cadence of 34 seconds for the plage region located near disc center. The vector magnetic fields are inferred by Milne-Eddington inversion. The observations reveal widespread occurrence of transient, spatially isolated horizontal magnetic fields. The lateral extent of the horizontal magnetic fields is comparable to the size of photospheric granules. These horizontal magnetic fields seem to be tossed about by upflows and downflows of the granular convection. We also report an event that appears to be driven by the magnetic buoyancy instability. We refer to buoyancy-driven emergence as type1 and convection-driven emergence as type2. Although both events have magnetic field strengths of about 600 G, the filling factor of type1 is a factor of two larger than that of type2. Our finding suggests that the granular convection in the plage regions is characterized by a high rate of occurrence of granular-sized transient horizontal fields.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures, accepted for publication in A&A (Hinode Special Issue)
Spatial models for the quantification of ecosystem services across the Australian capital region
Creators: name: Porfirio, Luciana Laura
Publisher: name: The Australian National University
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Ecosystem services Australia Australian Capital Territory
subject: Land use ClassificationAustralia Australian Capital Territory
subject: Ecosystem management Simulation methods
subject: Ecosystem management Remote sensing
subject: Geographic information systems

description: The recognition that human life depends on services provided by ecosystems has given rise to the field of ecosystem services. The main goal of the thesis is to develop a robust methodology for investigating how human interventions in the landscape affect ecosystem services, using as a case study the Australian Capital Region. The methods, which are based on remote sensing, spatial environmental modelling and geographic information systems, address the measurement, modelling and mapping of a comprehensive set of ecosystem services associated with major land cover types and land uses. These analyses are used to explore the synergies and trade-offs between these services across the Australian Capital Region. This thesis is structured in three sections. The first section introduces the aim and scope of the thesis; defines the concept of ecosystem services and its role as a communication tool for scientists, policy makers and stakeholders and describes the methods used by the thesis. The second section presents a land use and land cover classification for the Australian Capital Region. This classification underpins the quantification and mapping of five key ecosystem services in the remainder of the second section. These ecosystem services are: (i) carbon flows and storage; (ii) provision of food; (iii) biodiversity richness; (iv) water quality; and (v) recreation and ecotourism. The third section analyses the impacts of a hypothetical land use change scenario in which food production in the region is increased to reduce the greenhouse gas emissions associated with the importation of food - the so-called 'carbon miles' associated with the transport of food into the region from other parts of Australia and the world. The analysis assesses not only the impact on carbon stored in the region, but also the impact on other ecosystem services. The analysis also identifies what parts of the Australian Capital Region are most affected under the scenario outcomes. The thesis concludes with the key outcomes of this study. The methods presented in this thesis demonstrate that remote sensing, spatial environmental modelling and geographic information system are cost-effective tools to study and quantify ecosystem services at a regional scale. The results of this thesis could help in the promotion of sustainability in landscape and conservation planning.
Gravity Resonance Spectroscopy and Dark Energy Symmetron Fields
Creators: name: Jenke, Tobias
name: Bosina, Joachim
name: Micko, Jakob
name: Pitschmann, Mario
name: Sedmik, Rene
name: Abele, Hartmut
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Spectroscopic methods allow to measure energy differences with unrivaled precision. In the case of gravity resonance spectroscopy, energy differences of different gravitational states are measured without recourse to the electromagnetic interaction. This provides a very pure and background free look at gravitation and topics related to the central problem of dark energy and dark matter at short distances. In this article we analyse the effect of additional dark energy scalar symmetron fields, a leading candidate for a screened dark energy field, and place limits in a large volume of parameter space.
description: FQMT'19 conference proceedings, 9 pages, 8 figures
Mosaic eucalypts : chemical variation and differential gene expression within a eucalyptus melliodora and a eucalyptus sideroxylon tree
Creators: name: Padovan, Amanda Sally
Publisher: name: The Australian National University
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Eucalyptus Genetics
subject: Eucalyptus Chemical defenses
subject: Mosaicism Research
subject: Yellow box (Plant)
subject: Gene expression

description: Mosaic Eucalyptus trees provide unparalleled natural experiments to understand how plants control the synthesis of chemical defences against herbivorous insects and mammals. In natural eucalypt mosaics, different branches on a single tree show vastly different leaf chemical profiles (chemotypes) and thus vastly different responses to herbivores (resistant or susceptible). I have been working with two such mosaic eucalypts (E. melliodora and E. sideroxylon), where the leaves of the resistant chemotype have a different terpene profile compared with the leaves of the susceptible ecotype. Chemotypic variation of terpenes is under strong genetic control and the terpene biosynthetic pathway is well described, however little is known about the genetic control over genes within this pathway, especially the terpene synthase gene family (the last step in the pathway). The overall aim of my thesis is to explore the genetic variation, particularly in the terpene biosynthetic pathway that accompanies the chemical variation in these two mosaics and propose a mechanism for the development of mosaic eucalypts. The key outcomes of my thesis were: 1. Despite being found in a number of recognisable species of Myrtaceae, high foliar concentrations of the terpene 1,8 cineole is unlikely to have been present in the common ancestor to this family. 2. There is a chemotype associated with the leaves resistant to herbivory that is distinct to that of the leaves susceptible to herbivory. These chemotypes differ in monoterpenes, sesquiterpenes and formylated phloroglucinol compounds (FPCs). 3. The number of genes differentially regulated between the leaves of the two branches of the E. melliodora mosaic is very similar to the number of genes differentially regulated between functionally different tissues in the same organism (e.g. roots and flowers). 4. There are biosynthetic pathways with no genes differentially regulated between the leaves of the two branches, however we found that the entire pathway is differentially regulated. 5. There are many terpene synthases expressed in the leaves of the mosaics that produce the same terpenes, suggesting there may be another role for terpenes in eucalypts besides defence within the leaf. In summary, I have investigated the chemical differences between resistant and susceptible leaves within the mosaics, and found many genetic differences that could contribute to development and maintenance of mosaicism. The conclusions from this work can be applied more broadly to terpene chemotypes in all plants, which many industries rely heavily upon.
The Lack of Gamma-Ray Bursts from Population III Binaries
Creators: name: Belczynski, Krzysztof
name: Bulik, Tomasz
name: Heger, Alexander
name: Fryer, Chris
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the evolution of first star (Population III) binaries. Under specific conditions, these stars may produce high redshift gamma-ray bursts (GRBs). We demonstrate that the occurrence rate of GRBs does not depend sensitively on evolutionary parameters in the population synthesis models. We show that the first binaries may form a very small group (< 1%) of fast rotating stars through binary tidal interactions that make GRBs. This finding is contrary to the Bromm & Loeb assumption that all stars in close Population III binaries will be spun up by tides and produce a GRB. We find that there is simply not enough fast rotating stars in Population III binaries to expect detection with SWIFT. Predicted detection rates, even with very optimistic assumptions on binary fraction, evolutionary parameters and GRB detection, are very small: 0.1-0.01 per year.
description: 40 pages, 9 figures, 2 tables: submitted to ApJ
Letter from George A [Dobbie?] to Jim [James] Goldie , December 21, 1908
Creators: name: [Dobbie?], George A.
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2017

description: Leter to James Goldie from George A. [Dobbie?] in Galt, Ontario, dated December 21st, 1908 wishing him a good X-Mas and good luck in the new year.
Redirection effectiveness of roadside curbs
Creators: name: Lafond, Nadine
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Curbs are commonly used along urban streets, in channelised intersections, and along medians and ramps. One of its purposes is to protect pedestrians. The protection offered by a curb is measured by its ability to redirect errant vehicles. A curb redirection effectiveness depends upon the speed and the angle of impact of a vehicle, the height of the curb, the vehicle mass, and the tire radius. The effectiveness is also influenced by other factors such as the coefficient of friction between the tire and the curb, the tire pressure, and the geometric design of the curb. The redirection ability of a 152 mm high curb of type C design from the AASHTO Manual was investigated during 28 full scale tests. Six vehicles, of a mass between 675 and 1750 kg, impacted the curb at a speed varying from 6 to 34 km/h, at angles of 5°, 10°, or 15°. Four tests were performed to evaluate scrubbing conditions and a 90° impact. Mass was added to some vehicles to measure the influence of the mass without modifying vehicle dimension and properties. It was found that a type C curb does not provide an appropriate protection to pedestrians since it can easily be crossed when the component of the velocity normal to the curb exceeds 2 km/h. Redirection was not achieved in any of the tests performed at an impact angle of 15°. According to the tested data, the probability that a vehicle is not redirected by the curb starts at an impact speed of 10 km/h and reaches 100% at a speed of 40 km/h when approaching the curb at a 5° angle. An equation relating redirection speed to the impact angle, the curb height, and the studied vehicle parameters, was validated. A safe curb height of 205 mm is suggested to substantially improve the curb's ability to redirect an errant vehicle hitting a curb at a shallow angle, up to a normal speed of 4.7 km/h.
Testing Deconfinement at High Isospin Density
Creators: name: Di Toro, M.
name: Drago, A.
name: Gaitanos, T.
name: Greco, V.
name: Lavagno, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the transition from hadronic matter to a mixed phase of quarks and hadrons at high baryon and isospin densities reached in heavy ion collisions. We focus our attention on the role played by the nucleon symmetry energy at high density.In this respect the inclusion of a scalar isovector meson, the δ-coupling, in the Hadron Lagrangian appears rather important. We study in detail the formation of a drop of quark matter in the mixed phase, and we discuss the effects on the quark drop nucleation probability of the finite size and finite time duration of the high density region. We find that, if the parameters of quark models are fixed so that the existence of quark stars is allowed, then the density at which a mixed phase starts forming drops dramatically in the range Z/A \sim 0.3--0.4. This opens the possibility to verify the Witten-Bodmer hypothesis on absolute stability of quark matter using ground-based experiments in which neutron-rich nuclei are employed. These experiments can also provide rather stringent constraints on the Equation of State (EoS) to be used for describing the pre-Supernova gravitational collapse. Consistent simulations of neutron rich heavy ion collisions are performed in order to show that even at relatively low energies, in the few AGeV range, the system can enter such unstable mixed phase. Some precursor observables are suggested, in particular a ``neutron trapping'' effect.
description: 32 pages, 14 figures, elsart latex
One-generated nilpotent assosymmetric algebras
Creators: name: Kaygorodov, Ivan
name: Mashurov, Farukh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We give the classification of $5$- and $6$-dimensional complex one-generated nilpotent assosymmetric algebras.
description: arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1903.08997, arXiv:2004.03598
Evaluation of mucosal T cell immunity following HIV-1 prime-boost immunization
Creators: name: Wu, Fan
Publisher: name: The Australian National University
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: QR185.8.T2 W8 2010
subject: T cells
subject: Cellular immunity
subject: Immune response
subject: AIDS vaccines

description: Vaccination is one of the most important contributions to human health and has produced a dramatic reduction in infectious disease deaths over the last 100 years. However, there is still no successful vaccine for HIV-1 that provides full protection against infection. Because HIV-1 primarily infects the mucosae, there is strong opinion that more effective mucosal HIV-1 vaccines eliciting robust immunity at mucosal sites will be a key requirement for a successful vaccine. This thesis evaluates mucosal HIV-specific CD8{u207A} T cell responses following prime-boost immunization with a novel HIV-1 vaccine that encodes an IL-13 inhibitor (IL-13R{u03B1}2). Vaccination with this IL-13R{u03B1}2 vaccine has been shown previously to elicit high systemic HIV-specific CD8{u207A} T cell response with great T cell avidity. However, the responses induced at mucosae were not known. HIV-specific CD8{u207A} T cell immunity is known for its critical role in controlling HIV-1 replication and preventing CD4{u207A} T cell depletion. To examine the potential ability of IL-13R{u03B1}2 vaccine in generating robust mucosal immunity, IFN-{u03B3} expression and K{u1E0F}Gag{u2081}{u2089}{u2087}{u208B}{u2082}{u2080}{u2085} -specific binding CD8{u207A} T cells were evaluated. By inhibiting host IL-13 through the co-expressed of vaccine encoded IL-13R{u03B1}2, significantly enhanced mucosal (Peyer's patch, genito-rectal nodes and lung tissue) HIV-specific CD8{u207A} T cell responses were observed. The enhanced CD8{u207A} T cell response were sustained from acute phase to memory phase, as examined at 3 days, 2 weeks and 8 weeks post vaccine boost. This leads to the conclusion that i.n. / i.m. IL-13R{u03B1}2 prime-boost vaccination can generate strong sustained HIV-specific CD8{u207A} T cell response in mucosae. The expression of different homing molecules on CD8{u207A} T cells determines the selective trafficking and localization. {u03B1}{u2084}{u03B2}{u2087} and CCR9 are gut-specific homing markers with well characterized effects on trafficking T cells that home to the gut. To examine the potential ability of the IL-13R{u03B1}2 vaccine to elicitHIV-specific CD8{u207A} T cells that reside in the gut. The expression of {u03B1}{u2084}{u03B2}{u2087} and CCR9 on K{u1E0F}Gag{u2081}{u2089}{u2087}{u208B}{u2082}{u2080}{u2085} -specifictetramer binding CD8{u207A} T cells was measured. The results demonstrate that IL-13R{u03B1}2 vaccine elicits significantly enhanced {u03B1}{u2084}{u03B2}{u2087}{u207A}CCR9{u207A} HIV-specific CD8{u207A} T cells in Peyer's patch, which suggests that an HIV-1 vaccine delivered with i.n./ i.m. prime-boost strategy, that temporarily inhibits IL-13, may be an attractive approach to enhance protective immunity against HIV-1 in the gut.
California Indian Languages
Creators: name: Bright, William
name: Elmendorf, William
name: Jacobsen, William H.
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: yuk
subject: wiy
subject: sht
subject: ynn
subject: cid
subject: kju
subject: was
subject: sln
subject: boi
subject: dih
subject: pwi
subject: nmu
subject: skd
subject: yok
subject: xaw
subject: mnr
subject: lmw
subject: nsq

description: Miscellaneous notes related to a variety of California Indian languages, including: a handout by Bill Elmendorf entitled, “Yukian Pronouns (AAA, 11/21/1969)”; newspaper articles from the 1960’s concerning Indian affairs in California; a manuscript entitled “Notes on Indian Languages of California” by William Bright (8 pages); a map entitled “Native tribes, groups, dialects, and families of California in 1770”; printed notes entitled “schemata of California Indian Tribes”, accompanied by tables depicting properties of particular words; miscellaneous vocabulary from a wide range of languages.
Flexible and tensile microporous polymer fibers for wavelength-tunable random lasing
Creators: name: Ta, Van Duong
name: Saxena, Dhruv
name: Caixeiro, Soraya
name: Sapienza, Riccardo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Flexible and tensile wavelength-tunable micrometer-sized random lasers in the form of microporous polymer fiber are demonstrated. The fibers are fabricated by directly drawing from an aqueous mixture and subsequently selective chemical etching in a green solvent. Size-dependent lasing threshold and spectrum are investigated. Owing to mechanical flexibility, wavelength-tuning of 5.5 nm is achieved by stretching the fiber.
Deep-Learning Driven Noise Reduction for Reduced Flux Computed Tomography
Creators: name: Alsamadony, Khalid L.
name: Yildirim, Ertugrul U.
name: Glatz, Guenther
name: Waheed, Umair bin
name: Hanafy, Sherif M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Deep neural networks have received considerable attention in clinical imaging, particularly with respect to the reduction of radiation risk. Lowering the radiation dose by reducing the photon flux inevitably results in the degradation of the scanned image quality. Thus, researchers have sought to exploit deep convolutional neural networks (DCNNs) to map low-quality, low-dose images to higher-dose, higher-quality images thereby minimizing the associated radiation hazard. Conversely, computed tomography (CT) measurements of geomaterials are not limited by the radiation dose. In contrast to the human body, however, geomaterials may be comprised of high-density constituents causing increased attenuation of the X-Rays. Consequently, higher dosage images are required to obtain an acceptable scan quality. The problem of prolonged acquisition times is particularly severe for micro-CT based scanning technologies. Depending on the sample size and exposure time settings, a single scan may require several hours to complete. This is of particular concern if phenomena with an exponential temperature dependency are to be elucidated. A process may happen too fast to be adequately captured by CT scanning. To address the aforementioned issues, we apply DCNNs to improve the quality of rock CT images and reduce exposure times by more than 60\%, simultaneously. We highlight current results based on micro-CT derived datasets and apply transfer learning to improve DCNN results without increasing training time. The approach is applicable to any computed tomography technology. Furthermore, we contrast the performance of the DCNN trained by minimizing different loss functions such as mean squared error and structural similarity index.