cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Validation of a Piaget-based hierarchy leading to number conservation
Creators: name: Wong, Bernice Yee Lan
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: The main purpose of this dissertation was to validate a developmental hierarchy of component abilities underlying number conservation. This hierarchy or sequence of component abilities was derived from Piaget's theory of children's intellectual development. A secondary purpose of this dissertation was to investigate the extent to which predictions can be made about the performance of children on the proposed sequence of tasks, as a function of the specific Piagetian stages of number conservation, in which they have been classified. The proposed developmental hierarchy consisted of seven tasks. These were constructed to conform to Piaget's conception of what they were purported to measure . The tasks in the predicted hierarchy were: Construction of Equivalence → Cognitive Shift → Hindsight-Foresight → Multiplication of Relations/Multiplication of Classes → Conservation of Number → Conservation of Ordinal Correspondence, where → indicated developmental precedence. These seven tasks were administered to all subjects. The predicted direction in the performance on the proposed hierarchy of Piaget's three stage groups in number conservation was: Stage III > Stage II > Stage I, where > indicates superior performance. One hundred and fifty-nine children, aged four to seven, participated in the study: 53 Nursery, 53 Kindergarten and 53 Grade One children. The results indicated partial support of the proposed sequence of component abilities underlying number conservation. The results also indicated that predictions regarding the performance on the hierarchy of Piaget's Stage III children in number conservation were substantiated except for the prediction on Multiplication of Classes. The predictions regarding the performance on the hierarchy of Piaget's Stage I and Stage II children in number conservation were not substantiated because the results did not attain statistical significance. However, they were consistently in the predicted direction. This dissertation points to the fruitfulness of developmental research for educators in its practical implications for building preschool and primary curricula. Moreover there are implications for special education of mentally handicapped children, as well as for children with arithmetic learning disorders of a specific kind, namely, absence of the concept of one-to-one correspondence and absence of conservation concepts in number and/or quantity.
Additional file 1 of Epidemic of HIV infection among persons who inject drugs in mainland China: a series, cross-sectional study
Creators: name: Zhang, Bo
name: Yan, Xiangyu
name: Li, Yongjie
name: Zhu, He
name: Liu, Zhimin
name: Lu, Zuhong
name: Jia, Zhongwei
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1. Univariate and multicariate analysis of HIV infection among PWIDs in China, 2008–2016.
Additional file 3 of Microbially-produced folate forms support the growth of Roseburia intestinalis but not its competitive fitness in fecal batch fermentations
Creators: name: Kundra, Palni
name: Geirnaert, Annelies
name: Pugin, Benoit
name: Plüss, Serafina
name: Kariluoto, Susanna
name: Lacroix, Christophe
name: Greppi, Anna
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: Supplementary Material 3.
Data repositories: Lessons learned, challenges and opportunities: EOSC and Dataverse : Unmasked
Creators: name: Dennis, Richard
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: EOSC
Data Repository
Dataverse
Open Science
Research Data Management

description: The first meeting in the Danish National Research Data Management Network, entitled “Data repositories: Lessons learned, challenges and opportunities.” This meeting aims to welcome everyone to the National Research Data Management Network and kick off the network with a workshop about challenges, opportunities, and lessons learned when working with international, local, and subject-specific repositories. The workshop will provide insight into developments in the open science eco-system at a European level with an introduction to EOSC and the infrastructure, use, and development of local and subject-specific repositories.
Majorana/Andreev crossover and the fate of the topological phase transition in inhomogeneous nanowires
Creators: name: Marra, Pasquale
name: Nigro, Angela
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Majorana bound states (MBS) and Andreev bound states (ABS) in realistic Majorana nanowires setups have similar experimental signatures which make them hard to distinguishing one from the other. Here, we characterize the continuous Majorana/Andreev crossover interpolating between fully-separated, partially-separated, and fully-overlapping Majorana modes, in terms of global and local topological invariants, fermion parity, quasiparticle densities, Majorana pseudospin and spin polarizations, density overlaps and transition probabilities between opposite Majorana components. We found that in inhomogeneous wires, the transition between fully-overlapping trivial ABS and nontrivial MBS does not necessarily mandate the closing of the bulk gap of quasiparticle excitations, but a simple parity crossing of partially-separated Majorana modes (ps-MM) from trivial to nontrivial regimes. We demonstrate that fully-separated and fully-overlapping Majorana modes correspond to the two limiting cases at the opposite sides of a continuous crossover: the only distinction between the two can be obtained by estimating the degree of separations of the Majorana components. This result does not contradict the bulk-edge correspondence: Indeed, the field inhomogeneities driving the Majorana/Andreev crossover have a length scale comparable with the nanowire length, and therefore correspond to a nonlocal perturbation which breaks the topological protection of the MBS.
description: 18 pages, 10 figures, updated references
Specialized use of English in architecture, heritage protection and urban planning
Creators: name: Jabłońska, Joanna
name: Rozwadowski, Dominik
Publisher: name: Faculty of Architecture, Wrocław University of Technology, Wrocław
Year: 2014
Subjects: scientific seminaries in English, vocational training, education, didactics

description: ARCHITECTUS; ISSN 1429-7507
The Decoherence of the Electron Spin Polarization and Meta-stability of $C^{13}$ Nuclei in Diamond
Creators: name: Crompton, P. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Following the recent successful formation and manipulation of entangled $C^{13}$ atoms on the surface of Diamond we calculate the decoherence of the electron spin polarization in Diamond via a nonperturbative treatment of the time-dependent Greens function of the Central-Spin model, describing the phonon and Hyperfine couplings of the electron to a bath of $C^{13}$ atoms, for arbitrary initial polarizations, applied field strengths, and for up to eight entangled $C^{13}$ atoms. We compare these numerical results with the exact treatment available in the fully initially polarized limit of the non-Markovian dynamics regime, and comment on the role of dangerously irrelevant scaling in the meta-stability of $C^{13}$ flip-flop processes.
Additional file 10 of Neuroinflammatory responses and blood–brain barrier injury in chronic alcohol exposure: role of purinergic P2 × 7 Receptor signaling
Creators: name: Togre, Namdev S.
name: Mekala, Naveen
name: Bhoj, Priyanka S.
name: Mogadala, Nikhita
name: Winfield, Malika
name: Trivedi, Jayshil
name: Grove, Deborah
name: Kotnala, Sudhir
name: Rom, Slava
name: Sriram, Uma
name: Persidsky, Yuri
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Mental Health
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Supplementary Material 10
HONEI: A collection of libraries for numerical computations targeting multiple processor architectures
Creators: name: van Dyk, Danny
name: Geveler, Markus
name: Mallach, Sven
name: Ribbrock, Dirk
name: Goeddeke, Dominik
name: Gutwenger, Carsten
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Software (cs.MS)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: G.4

description: We present HONEI, an open-source collection of libraries offering a hardware oriented approach to numerical calculations. HONEI abstracts the hardware, and applications written on top of HONEI can be executed on a wide range of computer architectures such as CPUs, GPUs and the Cell processor. We demonstrate the flexibility and performance of our approach with two test applications, a Finite Element multigrid solver for the Poisson problem and a robust and fast simulation of shallow water waves. By linking against HONEI's libraries, we achieve a twofold speedup over straight forward C++ code using HONEI's SSE backend, and additional 3-4 and 4-16 times faster execution on the Cell and a GPU. A second important aspect of our approach is that the full performance capabilities of the hardware under consideration can be exploited by adding optimised application-specific operations to the HONEI libraries. HONEI provides all necessary infrastructure for development and evaluation of such kernels, significantly simplifying their development.
description: 19 pages, 7 figures
In Situ Compensation Method for Precise Integral SQUID Magnetometry of Miniscule Biological, Chemical, and Powder Specimens Requiring the Use of Capsules
Creators: name: Gas, Katarzyna
name: Sawicki, Maciej
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Steadily growing interest in magnetic characterization of organic compounds for therapeutic purposes or of other irregularly shaped specimens calls for refinements of experimental methodology to satisfy experimental challenges. Encapsulation in capsules remains the method of choice, but its applicability in precise magnetometry is limited. This is particularly true for minute specimens in the single milligram range as they are outweighed by the capsules and are subject to large alignment errors. We present here a completely new experimental methodology that permits 30-fold in situ reduction of the signal of capsules by substantially restoring the symmetry of the sample holder that is otherwise broken by the presence of the capsule. In practical terms it means that the standard 30 mg capsule is seen by the magnetometer as approximately a 1 mg object, effectively opening the window for precise magnetometry of single milligram specimens. The method is shown to work down to 1.8 K and in the whole range of the magnetic fields. The method is demonstrated and validated using the reciprocal space option of MPMS-SQUID magnetometers; however, it can be easily incorporated in any magnetometer that can accommodate straw sample holders (i.e., the VSM-SQUID). Importantly, the improved sensitivity is accomplished relying only on the standard accessories and data reduction method provided by the SQUID manufacturer, eliminating the need for elaborate raw data manipulations.
description: 26 pages, 16 Figures
Additional file 2 of Epidemic of HIV infection among persons who inject drugs in mainland China: a series, cross-sectional study
Creators: name: Zhang, Bo
name: Yan, Xiangyu
name: Li, Yongjie
name: Zhu, He
name: Liu, Zhimin
name: Lu, Zuhong
name: Jia, Zhongwei
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 2. Trends in the prevalence of HIV infection among PWIDs by regions.
Infortuni sul lavoro e malattie professionali: danno e tutele
Creators: name: Iarussi, Daniele <1980>
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2010
Subjects: IUS/07 Diritto del lavoro

description: La tesi si occupa, con originalità e spunti di innovazione, del tema degli infortuni sul lavoro e tecnopatie, attraverso un'ottica del tutto nuova perchè attenta sia agli aspetti previdenziali (indennizzo Inail) e sia agli aspetti risarcitori (risarcimento dei danni differenziali e complementari). Lo studio, non scevro da analisi critiche, indaga in particolare sulla risarcibiità del danno c.d. differenziale e sperimenta le nuove poste risarcitorie applicabili, alla luce delle più recenti evoluzioni legislative e giurisprudenziali. L'Autore non trascura, infine, i complessi profili processuali a completamento delle tutele e le responsabilità sia del datore di lavoro (obbligato principale) e sia dei terzi.
description: The Thesis deals, with ideas of originality and innovation, the topic of occupational accidents and technopathy through whole new perspective because it takes both aspects benefit ("compensation Inail") and both aspects of compensation (compensation differential and complementary). The study, not without critical analysis, investigating in particular on the compensation damage called "differential" and test new postal damages applicable, in light of recent developments in legislation and case law. The Author does not neglect, finally, the complex procedural profiles in addition to the protections and responsibilities of the employer (principal) and third parties.
Autonomous Heavy-Duty Mobile Machinery: A Multidisciplinary Collaborative Challenge
Creators: name: Machado, Tyrone
name: Fassbender, David
name: Taheri, Abdolreza
name: Eriksson, Daniel
name: Gupta, Himanshu
name: Molaei, Amirmasoud
name: Forte, Paolo
name: Rai, Prashant
name: Ghabcheloo, Reza
name: Mäkinen, Saku
name: Lilienthal, Achim
name: Andreasson, Henrik
name: Geimer, Marcus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Heavy-duty mobile machines (HDMMs) are a wide range of machinery used in diverse and critical application areas which are currently facing several issues like skilled labor shortage, poor safety records, and harsh work environments. Consequently, efforts are underway to increase automation in HDMMs for increased productivity and safety, eventually transitioning to operator-less autonomous HDMMs to address skilled labor shortages. However, HDMM are complex machines requiring continuous physical and cognitive inputs from human-operators. Thus, developing autonomous HDMM is a huge challenge, with current research and developments being performed in several independent research domains. Through this study, we use the bounded rationality concept to propose multidisciplinary collaborations for new autonomous HDMMs and apply the transaction cost economics framework to suggest future implications in the HDMM industry. Furthermore, we introduce a conceptual understanding of collaborations in the autonomous HDMM as a unified approach, while highlighting the practical implications and challenges of the complex nature of such multidisciplinary collaborations. The collaborative challenges and potentials are mapped out between the following topics: mechanical systems, AI methods, software systems, sensors, connectivity, simulations and process optimization, business cases, organization theories, and finally, regulatory frameworks.
description: published in 2021 IEEE International Conference on Technology and Entrepreneurship (ICTE)
n-X-Coherent Rings
Creators: name: Bennis, Driss
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 16D80, 16E05, 16E30, 16E65, 16P70

description: This paper unifies several generalizations of coherent rings in one notion. Namely, we introduce $n$-$\mathscr{X}$-coherent rings, where $\mathscr{X}$ is a class of modules and $n$ is a positive integer, as those rings for which the subclass $\mathscr{X}_n$ of $n$-presented modules of $\mathscr{X}$ is not empty, and every module in $\mathscr{X}_n$ is $n+1$-presented. Then, for each particular class $\mathscr{X}$ of modules, we find correspondent relative coherent rings. Our main aim is to show that the well-known Chase's, Cheatham and Stone's, Enochs', and Stenstrom's characterizations of coherent rings hold true for any $n$-$\mathscr{X}$-coherent rings.
Additional file 1 of Identification and functional characteristics of CHD1L gene variants implicated in human Müllerian duct anomalies
Creators: name: Chen, Shuya
name: Fan, Yali
name: Sun, Yujun
name: Li, Shenghui
name: Zheng, Zhi
name: Chu, Chunfang
name: Li, Lin
name: Yin, Chenghong
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Supplementary Figure 1. Gene expression for CHD1L. The data were obtained from an online database. The red arrow indicates the high expression of CHD1L in the human uterus, cervix, and vagina.
A test of galaxy cluster fundamental plane for the X-COP sample
Creators: name: Pradyumna, S.
name: Desai, Shantanu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We test the galaxy cluster fundamental plane using the X-COP sample of 12 clusters. The fundamental plane is given by the relation $T_X \propto M_s^α r_s^β$, where $T_X$, $M_s$, and $r_s$ correspond to the gas temperature, NFW halo mass, and scale radius, respectively. We did this analysis using two different temperatures: the error-weighted temperature in $(50-500)h^{-1}$ kpc as well as the mass-weighted temperature in the same range. With both these temperatures, we find a very tight fundamental plane with dispersion of about 0.02 dex. The best-fit values for $α$ and $β$ are in-between those expected from virial equilibrium and self-similarity solution for secondary infall and collapse, with $α$ being closer to the virial expectation. Our best-fit values are also consistent with a recent re-analyses of the fundamental plane for the CLASH sample, after excluding the hottest clusters.
description: 9 pages, 3 figures. Changed the radial range for calculating temperatures. Accepted for publication in JCAP
The X-ray eclipse of the dwarf nova HT CAS observed by the XMM-Newton satellite: spectral and timing analysis
Creators: name: Nucita, A. A.
name: Maiolo, B. M. T.
name: Carpano, S.
name: Belanger, G.
name: Coia, D.
name: Guainazzi, M.
name: de Paolis, F.
name: Ingrosso, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A cataclysmic variable is a binary system consisting of a white dwarf that accretes material from a secondary object via the Roche-lobe mechanism. In the case of long enough observation, a detailed temporal analysis can be performed, allowing the physical properties of the binary system to be determined. We present an XMM-Newton observation of the dwarf nova HT Cas acquired to resolve the binary system eclipses and constrain the origin of the X-rays observed. We also compare our results with previous ROSAT and ASCA data. After the spectral analysis of the three EPIC camera signals, the observed X-ray light curve was studied with well known techniques and the eclipse contact points obtained. The X-ray spectrum can be described by thermal bremsstrahlung of temperature $kT_1=6.89 \pm 0.23$ keV plus a black-body component (upper limit) with temperature $kT_2=30_{-6}^{+8}$ eV. Neglecting the black-body, the bolometric absorption corrected flux is $F^{\rm{Bol}}=(6.5\pm 0.1)\times10^{-12}$ erg s$^{-1}$ cm$^{-2}$, which, for a distance of HT Cas of 131 pc, corresponds to a bolometric luminosity of $(1.33\pm 0.02)\times10^{31}$ erg s$^{-1}$. The study of the eclipse in the EPIC light curve permits us to constrain the size and location of the X-ray emitting region, which turns out to be close to the white dwarf radius. We measure an X-ray eclipse somewhat smaller (but only at a level of $\simeq 1.5 σ$) than the corresponding optical one. If this is the case, we have possibly identified the signature of either high latitude emission or a layer of X-ray emitting material partially obscured by an accretion disk.
description: Accepted for publication on Astronomy and Astrophysics, 2009
Noi date de distribuţie a speciei Paspalum distichum în lungul sectorului românesc al Dunării
Creators: name: Ioana-Minodora, Sîrbu
name: Anastasiu Paulina
name: Urziceanu Mihaela
name: Nagodă Eugenia
name: Şesan Tatiana Eugenia
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: specie alogenă invazivă, Poaceae, arie naturală protejată, habitate ripariene

description: Paspalum distichum L., specie alogenă invazivă semnalată pentru prima dată din România în anul 1992 (Pădurea Letea, Delta Dunării, jud. Tulcea), este cunoscut în prezent doar din câteva locuri aflate în regiunile Banat, Oltenia şi Delta Dunării. În urma cercetărilor în teren efectuate în ultimii cinci ani (2017-2021), prezentăm noi date corologice privind distribuţia speciei în zona centrală (Sectorul Porțile de Fier-Călărași) şi de est (Sectorul Călărași-Brăila) a sectorului românesc al Dunării (incluzând şi arii naturale protejate din Reţeaua ecologică Natura 2000). Raportăm, de asemenea, date privind descrierea habitatelor invadate, abundenţa locală şi impactul potenţial asupra vegetaţiei native. Originară din regiunile tropicale ale Africii şi Americilor şi considerată una dintre cele mai agresive 100 de specii alogene din Europa, specia pare să se afle într-o continuă expansiune în habitatele umede naturale şi seminaturale situate de-a lungul sectorului românesc al Dunării.
Measurement of Single Event Effect cross section induced by monoenergetic protons on a 130 nm ASIC
Creators: name: Boumediene, D.
name: Jouve, F.
name: Lambert, D.
name: Madar, R.
name: Manen, S.
name: Perrin, O.
name: Royer, L.
name: Soulier, A.
name: Vandaele, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Designing integrated circuits in radiation environments such as the High Luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) is challenging. Integrated circuits will be exposed to radiation-induced Single Event Effects (SEE). In deep sub-micron technology devices, the impact of SEEs can be mitigated by triple modular redundancy. The triplication of the most sensitive data is used to recover most of the data corruption induced by interacting particles. One type of SEE, called single event upset (SEU), is studied in this paper. The SEU cross-section and the performance of the triplication are estimated using an ASIC prototype exposed to a beam of protons. The SEU cross-section is measured, and a systematic difference between $1\rightarrow{0}$ and $0\rightarrow{1}$ bit flip rates is observed. The efficiency of the mitigation method is investigated.
description: Submitted to JINST. Minor changes, typos corrected
Relativistic, QED, and nuclear mass effects in the magnetic shielding of $^3$He
Creators: name: Rudzinski, Adam
name: Puchalski, Mariusz
name: Pachucki, Krzysztof
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The magnetic shielding $σ$ of $^3$He is studied. The complete relativistic corrections of order $O(α^2)$, leading QED corrections of order $O(α^3 \lnα)$, and finite nuclear mass effects of order $O(m/m_{\rm N})$ are calculated with high numerical precision. The resulting theoretical predictions for $σ= 59.967~43(10)\cdot 10^{-6}$ are the most accurate to date among all elements and support the use of $^3$He as a NMR standard.
description: 10 pages, corrected minor errors in Eqs.(6,7)
$Z_7$ Orbifold Models in M-Theory
Creators: name: Ahsan, Mohammad K.
name: Hubsch, Tristan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Among $T^7/Γ$ orbifold compactifications of $M$-theory, we examine models containing the particle physics Standard Model in four-dimensional spacetimes, which appear as fixed subspaces of the ten-dimensional spacetimes at each end of the interval, $I^1\simeq S^1/Z_2$, spanning the $11^\text{th}$ dimension. Using the $Z_7$ projection to break the $E_8$ gauge symmetry in each of the four-planes and a limiting relation to corresponding heterotic string compactifications, we discuss the restrictions on the possible resulting gauge field and matter spectra. In particular, some of the states are non-local: they connect two four-dimensional Worlds across the $11^\text{th}$ dimension. We illustrate our programmable calculations of the matter field spectrum, including the anomalous U(1) factor which satisfies a universal Green-Schwarz relation, discuss a Dynkin diagram technique to showcase a model with $SU(3)\times SU(2)\times U(1)^5$ gauge symmetry, and discuss generalizations to higher order orbifolds.
description: 23 pages, 2 figures, 4 tables; LaTeX 3 times
Analisi funzionale dei recettori per le neurotrofine p75NTR e Trka in neuroblastoma
Creators: name: Papa, Antonella <1978>
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2008
Subjects: BIO/18 Genetica

description: The biological complexity of NGF action is achieved by binding two distinct Neurotrophin
receptors, TrkA and p75NTR. While several reports have provided lines of evidence on the
interaction between TrkA and p75NTR at the plasma membrane, much fewer data are
available on the consequence of such an interaction in terms of intracellular signaling. In
this study, we have focused on how p75NTR may affect TrkA downstream signaling with
respect to neuronal differentiation. Here, we have shown that cooperation between p75NTR
and TrkA results in an increased NGF-mediated TrkA autophosphorylation, leads to a
sustained activation of ERK1/2 and accelerates neurite outgrowth. Interestingly, neurite
outgrowth is concomitant with a selective enhancement of the AP-1 activity and the
transcriptional activation of genes such as GAP-43 and p21(CIP/WAF), known to be
involved in the differentiation process. Collectively, our results unveil a functional link
between the specific expression profile of neurotrophin receptors in neuronal cells and the
NGF-mediated regulation of the differentiation process possibly through a persistent ERKs
activation and the selective control of the AP-1 activity. In our studies we discuss the
functional role of the neurotrophin receptor p75NTR and TrkA in a ligand-dependent signal
transduction.
It is known that p75NTR is also involved in the mediation of cell death ligand dependent.
Here we show for the first time that the membrane receptor p75NTR, upon binding to b-
Amyloid (Ab) peptide, is able to transduce a cytotoxic signal through a mechanism very
similar to the one adopted by Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor 1 (TNFR1), when activated
by TNFa. We define that in neuroblastoma cell line Ab cytotoxicity signals through a
pathway depending on p75NTR death domain (DD), mostly through some specific
conserved residues. We identified that TRADD is the first interactor recruiting to the
membrane and activates JNK and NF-kB transcription factors. Since Ab is defined as the
most important aetiologic element associated with the Alzheimer’s Disease (AD),
characterization of the mechanism involved in the mediation of the neurodegeneration can
suggest also new therapeutic approaches.
Five Dimensional Minimal Supergravities and Four Dimensional Complex Geometries
Creators: name: Grover, Jai
name: Gutowski, Jan B.
name: Herdeiro, Carlos A. R.
name: Sabra, Wafic
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the relation between solutions admitting Killing spinors of minimal supergravities in five dimensions and four dimensional complex geometries. In the ungauged case (vanishing cosmological constant Λ=0) the solutions are determined in terms of a hyper-Kahler base space; in the gauged case (Λ<0) the complex geometry is Kahler; in the de Sitter case (Λ>0) the complex geometry is hyper-Kahler with torsion (HKT). In the latter case some details of the derivation are given. The method for constructing explicit solutions is discussed in each case.
description: 8 pages. Contribution to the Proceedings of the Spanish Relativity Meeting 2008 in Salamanca, Spain
On Retardation Effects in Space Charge Calculations Of High Current Electron Beams
Creators: name: Becker, S.
name: Grüner, F.
name: Habs, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Laser-plasma accelerators are expected to deliver electron bunches with high space charge fields. Several recent publications have addressed the impact of space charge effects on such bunches after the extraction into vacuum. Artifacts due to the approximation of retardation effects are addressed, which are typically either neglected or approximated. We discuss a much more appropriate calculation for the case of laser wakefield acceleration with negligible retardation artifacts due to the calculation performed in the mean rest frame. This presented calculation approach also aims at a validation of other simulation approaches.
A Formal Framework of Virtual Organisations as Agent Societies
Creators: name: McGinnis, Jarred
name: Stathis, Kostas
name: Toni, Francesca
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Multiagent Systems (cs.MA)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We propose a formal framework that supports a model of agent-based Virtual Organisations (VOs) for service grids and provides an associated operational model for the creation of VOs. The framework is intended to be used for describing different service grid applications based on multiple agents and, as a result, it abstracts away from any realisation choices of the service grid application, the agents involved to support the applications and their interactions. Within the proposed framework VOs are seen as emerging from societies of agents, where agents are abstractly characterised by goals and roles they can play within VOs. In turn, VOs are abstractly characterised by the agents participating in them with specific roles, as well as the workflow of services and corresponding contracts suitable for achieving the goals of the participating agents. We illustrate the proposed framework with an earth observation scenario.
Anomalous Hall effect
Creators: name: Nagaosa, Naoto
name: Sinova, Jairo
name: Onoda, Shigeki
name: MacDonald, A. H.
name: Ong, N. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a review of experimental and theoretical studies of the anomalous Hall effect (AHE), focusing on recent developments that have provided a more complete framework for understanding this subtle phenomenon and have, in many instances, replaced controversy by clarity. Synergy between experimental and theoretical work, both playing a crucial role, has been at the heart of these advances. On the theoretical front, the adoption of Berry-phase concepts has established a link between the AHE and the topological nature of the Hall currents which originate from spin-orbit coupling. On the experimental front, new experimental studies of the AHE in transition metals, transition-metal oxides, spinels, pyrochlores, and metallic dilute magnetic semiconductors, have more clearly established systematic trends. These two developments in concert with first-principles electronic structure calculations, strongly favor the dominance of an intrinsic Berry-phase-related AHE mechanism in metallic ferromagnets with moderate conductivity. The intrinsic AHE can be expressed in terms of Berry-phase curvatures and it is therefore an intrinsic quantum mechanical property of a perfect cyrstal. An extrinsic mechanism, skew scattering from disorder, tends to dominate the AHE in highly conductive ferromagnets. We review the full modern semiclassical treatment of the AHE together with the more rigorous quantum-mechanical treatments based on the Kubo and Keldysh formalisms, taking into account multiband effects, and demonstrate the equivalence of all three linear response theories in the metallic regime. Finally we discuss outstanding issues and avenues for future investigation.
description: 53 pages, 44 figures
Model- and calibration-independent test of cosmic acceleration
Creators: name: Seikel, Marina
name: Schwarz, Dominik J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a calibration-independent test of the accelerated expansion of the universe using supernova type Ia data. The test is also model-independent in the sense that no assumptions about the content of the universe or about the parameterization of the deceleration parameter are made and that it does not assume any dynamical equations of motion. Yet, the test assumes the universe and the distribution of supernovae to be statistically homogeneous and isotropic. A significant reduction of systematic effects, as compared to our previous, calibration-dependent test, is achieved. Accelerated expansion is detected at significant level (4.3 sigma in the 2007 Gold sample, 7.2 sigma in the 2008 Union sample) if the universe is spatially flat. This result depends, however, crucially on supernovae with a redshift smaller than 0.1, for which the assumption of statistical isotropy and homogeneity is less well established.
description: 13 pages, 2 figures, major changes
Graphemic discrimination by educable mentally retarded and slow learners
Creators: name: Bain, David Alexander
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: The visual discrimination of rotations and reversals of single letters within five letter nonsense words was studied in a five-to-one match-to-sample format. The subjects were educable mentally retarded and slow learners, chronological age 8-16 years and mental age 5-12 years. Rotation and reversal reading errors were reclassified as disorientation and resequencing errors. Significant differences were found between the following subcategories of letter disorientation errors. Horizontal disorientations were more frequent than vertical and rotational errors. Disorientation errors were most frequent in the initial and final portions of words. Ten of the eighteen possible letter disorientations, e.g. "d-b" and "q-b" occurred at different rates. Most of the reciprocal letter errors such as the disorientation from "d to b" or from "b back to d" occurred at different rates from one another. An empirical basis for making typographic changes to the letters b, d, p, and q to reduce the frequency of disorientation errors was established through an extensive review of the literature. Reviews were made of the literature describing the etiology of disorientation and resequencing errors and the characteristics of typography influencing visibility and legibility. Also, the research on geometric and graphemic form perception was reviewed to establish how children perceive orienta-tional and sequential changes of visual stimuli. Before testing the effectiveness of the typographic changes, positive reinforcement was used to increase the subjects' level of performance to approximate their current level of performance capability. An effective treatment was expected to increase the subjects' reinforced level of performance, that is, to teach new skills and to increase their level of capability. Under these conditions the typographic modifications failed to significantly decrease the frequency of disorientation errors. A review was also made of the relationship between reading errors and opthalmological factors. Performance on the Keystone Tele-binocular Visual Survey (1961) was not predictive of disorientation errors.
The complex behaviour of the microquasar GRS 1915+105 in the rho class observed with BeppoSAX. I: Timing analysis
Creators: name: Massaro, E.
name: Ventura, G.
name: Massa, F.
name: Feroci, M.
name: Mineo, T.
name: Cusumano, G.
name: Casella, P.
name: Belloni, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: GRS 1915+105 was observed by BeppoSAX for about 10 days in October 2000. For about 80% of the time, the source was in the variability class $ρ$, characterised by a series of recurrent bursts. We describe the results of the timing analysis performed on the MECS (1.6--10 keV) and PDS (15--100 keV) data. The X-ray count rate from \grss showed an increasing trend with different characteristics in the various energy bands. Fourier and wavelet analyses detect a variation in the recurrence time of the bursts, from 45--50 s to about 75 s, which appear well correlated with the count rate. From the power distribution of peaks in Fourier periodograms and wavelet spectra, we distinguished between the {\it regular} and {\it irregular} variability modes of the $ρ$ class, which are related to variations in the count rate in the 3--10 keV range. We identified two components in the burst structure: the slow leading trail, and the pulse, superimposed on a rather stable level. We found that the change in the recurrence time of the regular mode is caused by the slow leading trails, while the duration of the pulse phase remains far more stable. The evolution in the mean count rates shows that the time behaviour of both the leading trail and the baseline level are very similar to those observed in the 1.6--3 and 15--100 keV ranges, while that of the pulse follows the peak number. These differences in the time behaviour and count rates at different energies indicate that the process responsible for the pulses must produce the strongest emission between 3 and 10 keV, while that associated with both the leading trail and the baseline dominates at lower and higher energies
description: Astronomy and Astrophysics, in press
Environment induced entanglement in a refined weak-coupling limit
Creators: name: Benatti, F.
name: Floreanini, R.
name: Marzolino, U.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Two non-directly interacting qubits with equal frequencies can become entangled via a Markovian, dissipative dynamics through the action of a weakly coupled Ohmic heat bath. In the standard weak-coupling limit derivation, this purely dissipative effect disappears if the frequencies are different because of the "ergodic average" used by this approach. However, there are physical situations where this technique is too rough to capture all the relevant aspects of the dissipative dynamics. In these cases, in order to better describe the physical behavior of the open system, it is necessary to go beyond the "ergodic average". We show that, in this more refined framework, the entanglement capability of the environment persists also in the case of different frequencies.
description: 8 pages, LaTeX
tbW vertex in the Littlest Higgs Model with T-parity
Creators: name: Penunuri, F.
name: Larios, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A study of the effective tbW vertex is done in the littlest Higgs model with T parity that includes the one loop induced weak dipole coefficient f_{2R}. The top's width, the W-boson helicity in the t-> bW^+ decay as well as the t-channel and the s-channel modes of single top quark production at the LHC are then obtained for the tbW coupling. Our calculation is done in the Feynman-'t Hooft gauge, and we provide details of the analysis, like exact formulas (to all orders of the expansion variable v/f) of masses and mixing angles of all the particles involved. Also, a complete and exact diagonalization (and normalization) of the scalar sector of the model is made.
description: Version published in Phys. Rev. D79, 015013 (2009)
On the Sum Capacity of A Class of Cyclically Symmetric Deterministic Interference Channels
Creators: name: Bandemer, Bernd
name: Vazquez-Vilar, Gonzalo
name: Gamal, Abbas El
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Certain deterministic interference channels have been shown to accurately model Gaussian interference channels in the asymptotic low-noise regime. Motivated by this correspondence, we investigate a K user-pair, cyclically symmetric, deterministic interference channel in which each receiver experiences interference only from its neighboring transmitters (Wyner model). We establish the sum capacity for a large set of channel parameters, thus generalizing previous results for the 2-pair case.
description: 5 pages; submitted to IEEE International Symposium on Information Theory (ISIT 2009)
Transformation design and nonlinear Hamiltonians
Creators: name: Brougham, Thomas
name: Chadzitaskos, Goce
name: Jex, Igor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study a class of nonlinear Hamiltonians, with applications in quantum optics. The interaction terms of these Hamiltonians are generated by taking a linear combination of powers of a simple `beam splitter' Hamiltonian. The entanglement properties of the eigenstates are studied. Finally, we show how to use this class of Hamiltonians to perform special tasks such as conditional state swapping, which can be used to generate optical cat states and to sort photons.
description: Accepted for publication in Journal of Modern Optics
Finite Larmor Radius Effects on Weakly Magnetized, Dilute Plasmas
Creators: name: Devlen, Ebru
name: Pekünlü, E. Rennan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the stability properties of a hot, dilute and differentially rotating weakly magnetized plasma which is believed to be found in the interstellar medium of galaxies and protogalaxies and in the low-density accretion flows around some giant black holes like the one in the Galactic center. In the linear MHD regime, we consider the combined effects of gyroviscosity and parallel viscosity on the magnetorotational instability. The helical magnetic field is considered in the investigation. We show that the gyroviscous effect and the pitch angles cause a powerful gyroviscous instability. Furthermore, in most of the cases, plasma with the above mentioned properties is unstable and the growth rates of the unstable modes are larger than that of the magnetorotational instability.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures. Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Intrinsic noise in game dynamical learning
Creators: name: Galla, Tobias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Demographic noise has profound effects on evolutionary and population dynamics, as well as on chemical reaction systems and models of epidemiology. Such noise is intrinsic and due to the discreteness of the dynamics in finite populations. We here show that similar noise-sustained trajectories arise in game dynamical learning, where the stochasticity has a different origin: agents sample a finite number of moves of their opponents in-between adaptation events. The limit of infinite batches results in deterministic modified replicator equations, whereas finite sampling leads to a stochastic dynamics. The characteristics of these fluctuations can be computed analytically using methods from statistical physics, and such noise can affect the attractors significantly, leading to noise-sustained cycling or removing periodic orbits of the standard replicator dynamics.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures, accepted by Phys. Rev. Letters
Optical detection of NMR J-spectra at zero magnetic field
Creators: name: Ledbetter, M. P.
name: Crawford, C. W.
name: Pines, A.
name: Wemmer, D. E.
name: Knappe, S.
name: Kitching, J.
name: Budker, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Scalar couplings of the form J I_1 \cdot I_2 between nuclei impart valuable information about molecular structure to nuclear magnetic-resonance spectra. Here we demonstrate direct detection of J-spectra due to both heteronuclear and homonuclear J-coupling in a zero-field environment where the Zeeman interaction is completely absent. We show that characteristic functional groups exhibit distinct spectra with straightforward interpretation for chemical identification. Detection is performed with a microfabricated optical atomic magnetometer, providing high sensitivity to samples of microliter volumes. We obtain 0.1 Hz linewidths and measure scalar-coupling parameters with 4-mHz statistical uncertainty. We anticipate that the technique described here will provide a new modality for high-precision "J spectroscopy" using small samples on microchip devices for multiplexed screening, assaying, and sample identification in chemistry and biomedicine.
description: 15 pages, 4 Figures