cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Scaling solutions as Early Dark Energy resolutions to the Hubble tension
Creators: name: Copeland, Edmund J.
name: Moss, Adam
name: Muñoz, Sergio Sevillano
name: White, Jade M. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A wide class of scalar field models including Quintessence and K-essence have the attractive property of tracker regimes, where the energy density stored in the field evolves so as to mimic that of the dominant background component for a period of time. During this evolution, for a brief period of time there is an increase in the energy density of the field as it spirals in towards it's attractor solution. We show that when the peak of this energy density occurs around the epoch of equality, we can address a key requirement of early dark energy (EDE), postulated as a solution to the Hubble tension. In particular we demonstrate how this can occur in a wide class of Quintessence, axion and K-essence models, before showing that the Quintessence models suffer in that they generally lead to sound speeds incompatible with the requirements of EDE, whereas the K-essence and axion models can do a better job of fitting the data.
description: 26 pages, 12 figures
O uso de tecnologias digitais no centro histórico de São Luís do Maranhão
Creators: name: Mendes, Claudiceia Silva
name: Porto, Renata Maria Abrantes Baracho
Publisher: name: Labfront/UEMG
Year: 2023

description:  

Este trabalho tem como objetivo analisar a influência da tecnologia no ambiente urbano das cidades, as quais têm se tornado uma ferramenta cada vez mais utilizada para promover criatividade, inclusão e conectividade, além de introduzir novas formas de expressão artística e comunicação visual, através do uso do Vídeomapping, onde é feita a projeção mapeada, que utiliza recursos digitais com modelagem 3D de superfícies complexas, proporcionando uma experiência visual imersiva para o público. O centro Histórico da cidade de São Luís do Maranhão, será utilizada como objeto de análise. A metodologia empregada consistiu em pesquisa bibliográfica, análise documental. Os resultados revelaram que a utilização do Vídeomapping proporciona experiências únicas para o público, além de se tornar uma atração das pessoas para a área central da cidade, tornando-se um elemento importante na promoção cultural e turística da região.
title: Manejo diagnóstico actualizado de la hemoptisis aguda amenazante.
Creators: name: Palacios Weiss, Amaya
Publisher: name: Sociedad Española de Radiología Médica
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: CT-Angiography
subject: Conventional radiography
subject: Thorax
subject: Emergency
subject: Education

description: Objetivo docente
Revisión del tema
Conclusiones
Bibliografía
description: Objetivo docente:
Revisar las recomendaciones de manejo diagnóstico–terapéutico de la hemoptisis amenazante. Hacer una propuesta actualizada a la luz de la evidencia clínica...
Podcast I: GMOs in Tanzania, Swahili Version
Creators: name: Mbunda, Richard
name: Potthast, Thomas
name: Pissarskoi, Eugen
name: Schopp, Kerstin
name: Ouma, Stefan
name: Singo, Leiyo
name: Stanley, Elina
Publisher: name: University of Tübingen
Year: 2023

description: The text is the transcript of the first of two podcasts dealing with genetically modified organisms (GMOs) in Tanzania and Europe translated to Swahili. Genetical modification of crops has become a highly controversial policy topic. As often in heated debates, political realities and their ethical evaluation are much more nuanced. The podcast sheds light on the recent dynamics in Tanzanian politics of genetically modified crops and reflects on political interests and ethical reasons behind them: a conversation between Thomas Potthast and Richard Mbunda.
Podcast II: GMOs in Germany and Europe, Swahili Version
Creators: name: Potthast, Thomas
name: Mbunda, Richard
name: Pissarskoi, Eugen
name: Singo, Leiyo
name: Schopp, Kerstin
name: Ouma, Stefan
name: Stanley, Elina
Publisher: name: University of Tübingen
Year: 2023

description: The text is the transcript of the second of two podcasts dealing with genetically modified organisms (GMOs) in Tanzania and Europe translated to Swahili. Genetical modification of crops has become a highly controversial policy topic. As often in heated debates, political realities and their ethical evaluation are much more nuanced. The podcast sheds light on the recent dynamics in German and European politics of genetically modified crops and reflects on political interests and ethical reasons behind them: a conversation between Richard Mbunda and Thomas Potthast.
Trust in Public Health within Black African and Caribbean Communities: Grounded Theory as applied to the COVID-19 Vaccine Uptake
Creators: name: Goncalves Garcia Galhardo Burnett, Tomazia
Publisher: name: University of East London
Year: 2023
Subjects: Trust
Public Health
Racism
COVID-19
Community Psychology
Grounded Theory

description: Trust plays a critical role in public health, encouraging community unity and cooperation with health initiatives. Despite substantial research on trust, its relationship with race and power dynamics remains under-explored.
To address this research gap, the study focused on exploring the relationship between race and trust, particularly within Black African and Caribbean populations that have historically faced discrimination and exclusion in society and healthcare. The study aimed to understand the unique experiences and perspectives of these communities, especially in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic and vaccination efforts in the UK.

The study utilised a critical grounded theory methodology, influenced by Community Psychology values, to conduct interviews with 15 self-identified Black African and Caribbean individuals. The discussion explored their public health experiences and their perceptions of trust, with emphasis on the COVID-19 pandemic.

The study developed an ecological model to conceptualise the dynamic nature of trust in public health within these communities. The model highlights the influence of social power and structural societal factors, acknowledging that historical marginalisation, colonial injustices, and political distrust contribute to avoidance and scepticism towards public health measures.

It proposes that trust in public health is community-driven, highlighting the role of communities in fostering trust, improving health outcomes, and ensuring care continuity and safety. The research advocates for tailored multi-level interventions centred on community engagement and trust to effect enduring change in health outcomes for these communities.

It calls for a paradigm shift in public health to promote research, training, and clinical approaches that address systemic biases and encourage the decolonisation of health-related knowledge. The study's implications extend to public health policy, clinical practice, training, and future research.

In conclusion, the study underscores the importance of consistent, trustworthy, and transparent actions and accountable processes in public health initiatives, fostering partnerships with marginalised communities to promote equitable and inclusive health practices.
title: Dr. Motilal Pamnani, MD, PhD Oral History Interview Transcript
Creators: name: Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences
Publisher: name: University Archives, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland 20814
Year: 2008
Subjects: classificationCode: 3
subject: FOS: Medical and health sciences
classificationCode: 6.1
subject: FOS: History and archaeology

description: USU Oral History Interview Transcript
Dr. Motilal Pamnani, MD, PhD
Professor, Department of Physiology
Advisor to first USU graduate student
10-06-2008
Interviewed by Emelie Rubin
Detecting and Tracking Small and Dense Moving Objects in Satellite Videos: A Benchmark
Creators: name: Yin, Qian
name: Hu, Qingyong
name: Liu, Hao
name: Zhang, Feng
name: Wang, Yingqian
name: Lin, Zaiping
name: An, Wei
name: Guo, Yulan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Satellite video cameras can provide continuous observation for a large-scale area, which is important for many remote sensing applications. However, achieving moving object detection and tracking in satellite videos remains challenging due to the insufficient appearance information of objects and lack of high-quality datasets. In this paper, we first build a large-scale satellite video dataset with rich annotations for the task of moving object detection and tracking. This dataset is collected by the Jilin-1 satellite constellation and composed of 47 high-quality videos with 1,646,038 instances of interest for object detection and 3,711 trajectories for object tracking. We then introduce a motion modeling baseline to improve the detection rate and reduce false alarms based on accumulative multi-frame differencing and robust matrix completion. Finally, we establish the first public benchmark for moving object detection and tracking in satellite videos, and extensively evaluate the performance of several representative approaches on our dataset. Comprehensive experimental analyses and insightful conclusions are also provided. The dataset is available at https://github.com/QingyongHu/VISO.
description: This paper has been accepted by IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing. Qian Yin and Qingyong Hu have equal contributions to this work and are co-first authors. The dataset is available at https://github.com/QingyongHu/VISO
Da cidade fraturada à cidade imaginada
Creators: name: Rocha, Aldene
Publisher: name: Labfront/UEMG
Year: 2023

description:  

A pesquisa problematiza o conceito de olhar fotográfico sobre a construção de um certo imaginário de cidade, especificamente, o Rio de Janeiro. Nesse sentido, torna-se fundamental investigar o olhar fotográfico a partir de suas dimensões de criação de imaginários afrobrasileiros e de sua capacidade potencial para instigar processos de reestruturação desse espaço. Trata-se, portanto, de discussões que possam privilegiar outras memórias, sobretudo de uma cidade malandra existente no Rio de Janeiro. O suporte para as discussões se dará por meio de propostas visuais que atravessem a fotografia como uma imagem gerada para além do dispositivo. Ela aqui permeia processos híbridos entre fotografia, escultura e intervenção que restituem o conceito de “cruzo” visualmente, encruzilhar linguagens para intuir conceitos malandros. Sendo utilizado como elemento articulador para a construção das discussões e imagens e a figura de Seu Zé Pilintra, guia espiritual existente na Umbanda
Proceedings of the International Oil Sands Tailings Conference 2022 (IOSTC 2022)
Creators: Beier, Nicholas A.
Wilson, G. Ward
Sego, D. C.
Publisher: name: University of Alberta Library
Year: 2022

Bringing together experts and interested individuals to address tailings technology and management in Alberta's Oil Sands Industry, the International Oil Sands Tailings Conference (IOSTC) offers the most recent developments in oil sands tailings and management to the international community through invited speakers and select technical presentations.
Estimate of the Background and Sensitivity of theFollow-up X-ray Telescope onboard Einstein Probe
Creators: name: Zhang, Juan
name: Qi, Liqiang
name: Yang, Yanji
name: Wang, Juan
name: Liu, Yuan
name: Cui, Weiwei
name: Zhao, Donghua
name: Jia, Shumie
name: Li, Tianming
name: Chen, Tianxiang
name: Li, Gang
name: Zhao, Xiaofan
name: Chen, Yong
name: Liu, Huaqiu
name: Bao, Congying
name: Guan, Ju
name: Song, Liming
name: Yuan, Weimin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: As a space X-ray imaging mission dedicated to time-domain astrophysics, the Einstein Probe (EP) carries two kinds of scientific payloads, the wide-field X-ray telescope (WXT) and the follow-up X-ray telescope (FXT). FXT utilizes Wolter-I type mirrors and the pn-CCD detectors. In this work, we investigate the in-orbit background of FXT based on Geant4 simulation. The impact of various space components present in the EP orbital environment are considered, such as the cosmic photon background, cosmic ray primary and secondary particles (e.g. protons, electrons and positrons), albedo gamma rays, and the low-energy protons near the geomagnetic equator. The obtained instrumental background at 0.5-10 keV, which is mainly induced by cosmic ray protons and cosmic photon background, corresponds to a level of $\sim$3.1$\times$10$^{-2}$ counts s$^{-1}$ keV$^{-1}$ in the imaging area of the focal plane detector (FPD), i.e. 3.7$\times$10$^{-3}$ counts s$^{-1}$ keV$^{-1}$ cm$^{-2}$ after normalization. Compared with the instrumental background, the field of view (FOV) background, which is induced by cosmic photons reflected by the optical mirror, dominates below 2 keV. Based on the simulated background level within the focal spot (a 30$^{\prime\prime}$-radius circle), the sensitivity of FXT is calculated, which could theoretically achieve several $μ$crab (in the order of 10$^{-14}$ erg cm$^{-2}$ s$^{-1}$) in 0.5-2 keV and several tens of $μ$crab (in the order of 10$^{-13}$ erg cm$^{-2}$ s$^{-1}$) in 2-10 keV for a pointed observation with an exposure of 25 minutes. This sensitivity becomes worse by a factor of $\sim2$ if additional 10% systematic uncertainty of the background subtraction is included.
description: 38 pages, 19 figures, accepted for publication in Astroparticle Physics
Detection of a Parsec-Scale Jet in a Radio-Quiet Narrow-Line Seyfert 1 Galaxy with Highly Accreting Supermassive Black Hole
Creators: name: Yao, Su
name: Yang, Xiaolong
name: Gu, Minfeng
name: An, Tao
name: Yang, Jun
name: Ho, Luis C.
name: Liu, Xiang
name: Wang, Ran
name: Wu, Xue-Bing
name: Yuan, Weimin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The jet in active galactic nuclei (AGN) is a key ingredient in understanding the co-evolution of galaxies and their central supermassive black holes (SMBHs). Unfortunately, the mechanism of jet launching and collimation is still elusive. The observational evidence of decreasing radio loudness with increasing Eddington ratio implies that the jet should be coupled with the accretion process. To further explore the relationship between the jet and accretion, it is necessary to extend our knowledge of the jet to an extreme end of the Eddington ratio distribution of AGN. Using Very Long Baseline Array (VLBA), we report the detection of the parsec-scale radio structure in Mrk 335, a radio-quiet narrow-line Seyfert 1 galaxy with an Eddington ratio close to/above unity. The VLBA image at 1.5 GHz reveals an elongated structure extending $\sim20$ parsec in north-south direction with a peak flux density of $1.98\pm0.05$ mJy/beam and radio brightness temperatures as high as $6\times10^{7}$ K. This feature provides a strong evidence of a parsec-scale (bipolar) jet launched from a highly accreting SMBH. We discuss the result by comparing Mrk 335 with other highly accreting systems, e.g. Galactic black holes and tidal disruption events, and recall the discovery of collimated corona in the vicinity of SMBH in Mrk 335 by previous X-ray observations, whose relation to the parsec-scale radio jet should be explored by future simultaneous X-ray spectroscopy and high resolution radio observations.
description: Published in MNRAS, 9 pages, 2 figures
Characterizing losses in InAs two-dimensional electron gas-based gatemon qubits
Creators: name: Strickland, William M.
name: Baker, Lukas J.
name: Lee, Jaewoo
name: Dindial, Krishna
name: Elfeky, Bassel Heiba
name: Strohbeen, Patrick J.
name: Hatefipour, Mehdi
name: Yu, Peng
name: Levy, Ido
name: Issokson, Jacob
name: Manucharyan, Vladimir E.
name: Shabani, Javad
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The tunnelling of cooper pairs across a Josephson junction (JJ) allow for the nonlinear inductance necessary to construct superconducting qubits, amplifiers, and various other quantum circuits. An alternative approach using hybrid superconductor-semiconductor JJs can enable superconducting qubit architectures with all electric control. Here we present continuous-wave and time-domain characterization of gatemon qubits and coplanar waveguide resonators based on an InAs two-dimensional electron gas. We show that the qubit undergoes a vacuum Rabi splitting with a readout cavity and we drive coherent Rabi oscillations between the qubit ground and first excited states. We measure qubit relaxation times to be $T_1 =$ 100 ns over a 1.5 GHz tunable band. We detail the loss mechanisms present in these materials through a systematic study of the quality factors of coplanar waveguide resonators. While various loss mechanisms are present in III-V gatemon circuits we detail future directions in enhancing the relaxation times of qubit devices on this platform.
Black-box Attacks on Image Activity Prediction and its Natural Language Explanations
Creators: name: Baia, Alina Elena
name: Poggioni, Valentina
name: Cavallaro, Andrea
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Explainable AI (XAI) methods aim to describe the decision process of deep neural networks. Early XAI methods produced visual explanations, whereas more recent techniques generate multimodal explanations that include textual information and visual representations. Visual XAI methods have been shown to be vulnerable to white-box and gray-box adversarial attacks, with an attacker having full or partial knowledge of and access to the target system. As the vulnerabilities of multimodal XAI models have not been examined, in this paper we assess for the first time the robustness to black-box attacks of the natural language explanations generated by a self-rationalizing image-based activity recognition model. We generate unrestricted, spatially variant perturbations that disrupt the association between the predictions and the corresponding explanations to mislead the model into generating unfaithful explanations. We show that we can create adversarial images that manipulate the explanations of an activity recognition model by having access only to its final output.
description: Accepted at ICCV2023 AROW Workshop
Asymptotics for the Green's functions of a transient reflected Brownian motion in a wedge
Creators: name: Franceschi, Sandro
name: Kourkova, Irina
name: Petit, Maxence
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We consider a transient Brownian motion reflected obliquely in a two-dimensional wedge. A precise asymptotic expansion of Green's functions is found in all directions. To this end, we first determine a kernel functional equation connecting the Laplace transforms of the Green's functions. We then extend the Laplace transforms analytically and study its singularities. We obtain the asymptotics applying the saddle point method to the inverse Laplace transform on the Riemann surface generated by the kernel.
description: 45 pages
Non Parametric Data Augmentations Improve Deep-Learning based Brain Tumor Segmentation
Creators: name: Ben-Atya, Hadas
name: Rajchert, Ori
name: Goshen, Liran
name: Freiman, Moti
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Automatic brain tumor segmentation from Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) data plays an important role in assessing tumor response to therapy and personalized treatment stratification.Manual segmentation is tedious and subjective.Deep-learning-based algorithms for brain tumor segmentation have the potential to provide objective and fast tumor segmentation.However, the training of such algorithms requires large datasets which are not always available. Data augmentation techniques may reduce the need for large datasets.However current approaches are mostly parametric and may result in suboptimal performance.We introduce two non-parametric methods of data augmentation for brain tumor segmentation: the mixed structure regularization (MSR) and shuffle pixels noise (SPN).We evaluated the added value of the MSR and SPN augmentation on the brain tumor segmentation (BraTS) 2018 challenge dataset with the encoder-decoder nnU-Net architecture as the segmentation algorithm.Both MSR and SPN improve the nnU-Net segmentation accuracy compared to parametric Gaussian noise augmentation.Mean dice score increased from 80% to 82% and p-values=0.0022, 0.0028 when comparing MSR to non-parametric augmentation for the tumor core and whole tumor experiments respectively.The proposed MSR and SPN augmentations have the potential to improve neural-networks performance in other tasks as well.
Following Floquet states in high-dimensional Hilbert spaces
Creators: name: Krüger, Nils
name: Holthaus, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An iterative algorithm is established which enables one to compute individual Floquet states even for many-body systems with high-dimensional Hilbert spaces that are not accessible to commonly employed conventional methods. A strategy is proposed for following a Floquet state in response to small changes of a given system's Hamiltonian. The scheme is applied to a periodically driven Bose-Hubbard chain, verifying the possibility of pseudoadiabatic Floquet state following. In particular, it is demonstrated that a driving-induced Mott insulatorlike target Floquet state can be populated with high efficiency if the driving amplitude is turned on smoothly but not too slowly. We conclude that the algorithm constitutes a powerful tool for the future investigation of many-body Floquet systems.
description: 11 pages, 7 figures
Economic evaluation of alternate pollution control policies for tankers
Creators: name: Verrier, Thierry Marie Joseph
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: The routine operations of tankers discharge a considerable amount of oil into the sea. This oil is the residue from tank cleaning as well as the discharge of oily ballast water while at sea. There are a number of policies available to control operational discharges of oil by tankers. This study describes current practices and alternate policies, and provides a method and data base to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of these policies. This method and data base are used to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of applying the provisions of the "1973 Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships" to the tankers engaged in the future Alaskan oil trade. The main conclusion is that the value of oil saved by pollution control will more than cover the costs of pollution control measures. However, the use of segregated ballast tankers is economically justified only if it is impossible to enforce the retention of oily wash on board the ship. If effective enforcement is practiced, then the incremental cost of segregated ballast ships is not covered by the value of the small amount of additional oil saved.
Learning Hierarchical Relational Representations through Relational Convolutions
Creators: name: Altabaa, Awni
name: Lafferty, John
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: An evolving area of research in deep learning is the study of architectures and inductive biases that support the learning of relational feature representations. In this paper, we address the challenge of learning representations of hierarchical relations--that is, higher-order relational patterns among groups of objects. We introduce "relational convolutional networks", a neural architecture equipped with computational mechanisms that capture progressively more complex relational features through the composition of simple modules. A key component of this framework is a novel operation that captures relational patterns in groups of objects by convolving graphlet filters--learnable templates of relational patterns--against subsets of the input. Composing relational convolutions gives rise to a deep architecture that learns representations of higher-order, hierarchical relations. We present the motivation and details of the architecture, together with a set of experiments to demonstrate how relational convolutional networks can provide an effective framework for modeling relational tasks that have hierarchical structure.
description: 31 pages
Welcome to the CSCCE Community of Practice! A tip sheet for new members
Creators: name: Woodley, Lou
name: Pratt, Katie
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: welcome
Slack
CSCCE
CSCCE scaffolding
Community-building

description: This document is intended to help new members of the CSCCE community of practice, which is predominantly hosted on Slack, get started. It highlights some key links, programming, and activities.

About CSCCE

The Center for Scientific Collaboration and Community Engagement (CSCCE) champions the importance of human infrastructure for effective collaboration in STEM. We provide training and support for the people who make scientific collaborations succeed at scale - and we also research the impact of these emerging roles.

Find out more about us on our website: cscce.org
(0,2) Deformations of Linear Sigma Models
Creators: name: Kreuzer, Maximilian
name: McOrist, Jock
name: Melnikov, Ilarion V.
name: Plesser, M. Ronen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study (0,2) deformations of a (2,2) supersymmetric gauged linear sigma model for a Calabi-Yau hypersurface in a Fano toric variety. In the non-linear sigma model these correspond to some of the holomorphic deformations of the tangent bundle on the hypersurface. Combinatorial formulas are given for the number of these deformations, and we show that these numbers are exchanged by mirror symmetry in a subclass of the models.
description: 35 pages; uses xy-fig; typos fixed, acknowledgments added
title: ¿Dónde está el cuerpo calloso? Caracterización por imagen.
Creators: name: Laffite Licona, Olga Denisse
Publisher: name: Sociedad Española de Radiología Médica
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Congenital
subject: CT
subject: MR
subject: Neuroradiology brain

description: Objetivo docente
Revisión del tema
Conclusiones
Bibliografía
description: Objetivo docente:
Definir la anatomía y el desarrollo embriológico del cuerpo calloso. Caracterizar con imágenes los hallazgos radiológicos más representativos que se encuentran en la agenesia del cuerpo calloso. Determinar otras alteraciones del desarrollo...
Class of solvable reaction-diffusion processes on Cayley tree
Creators: name: Alimohammadi, M.
name: Olanj, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Considering the most general one-species reaction-diffusion processes on a Cayley tree, it has been shown that there exist two integrable models. In the first model, the reactions are the various creation processes, i.e. $\circ\circ\to\bullet\circ$, $\circ\circ\to\bullet\bullet$ and $\circ\bullet\to\bullet\bullet$, and in the second model, only the diffusion process $\bullet\circ\to\circ\bullet$ exists. For the first model, the probabilities $P_l(m;t)$, of finding $m$ particles on $l$-th shell of Cayley tree, have been found exactly, and for the second model, the functions $P_l(1;t)$ have been calculated. It has been shown that these are the only integrable models, if one restricts himself to $L+1$-shell probabilities $P(m_0,m_1,...,m_L;t)$s.
description: 9 pages, to be appeared in Physica A
Capillary flow of a suspension in the presence of discontinuous shear thickening
Creators: name: Bossis, Georges
name: Grasselli, Yan
name: Volkova, Olga
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The rheology of suspensions showing discontinuous shear thickening (DST) is well documented in conventional rheometer with rotating tools, but their study in capillary flow is still lacking. We present results obtained in a homemade capillary rheometer working in an imposed pressure regime. We show that the shape of the experimental curve giving the volume flow rate versus the wall stress in a capillary can be qualitatively reproduced from the curve obtained in rotational geometry at imposed stress but instead of a sharp decrease of the volume flow rate observed at a critical stress, this transposition predicts a progressive decrease in flow rate. The Wyart-Cates theory is used to reproduce the stress-shear rate curve obtained in rotational geometry and then applied to predict the volume flow rate at imposed pressure. The theoretical curve predicts a total stop of the flow at high stress, whereas experimentally it remains constant. We propose a modification of the theory which, by taking into account the relaxation of the frictional contacts in the absence of shear rate, well predicts the high stress behavior. We also hypothesized that the DST transition propagates immediately inside the capillary, once the wall shear stress has reached its critical value: $τ_R=τ_c$, even if the internal shear stress $τ(r
description: Rheologica Acta, Springer Verlag, 2021
Tomographic long-distance microPIV to investigate the small scales of turbulence in a jet at high Reynolds number
Creators: name: Fiscaletti, Daniele
name: Ragni, Daniele
name: Overmars, Edwin F. J.
name: Westerweel, Jerry
name: Elsinga, Gerrit E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The small scales of turbulence in a high-Reynolds-number jet ($Re_λ \approx 350$) are investigated with a \textmu PIV setup to overcome the optical limitations of conventional tomographic PIV setups. With the aim of validating the performances of tomographic long-distance \textmu PIV, analyses are carried out involving statistical aspects of the small scales of turbulence. The technique is assessed and the data are bench-marked to be applied to the analysis of any three dimensional small-scale phenomena in large-scale flow domains.
The Double Limit Theorem and its Legacy
Creators: name: Lecuire, Cyril
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: This chapter surveys recent and less recent results on convergence of Kleinian representations, following Thurston's Double Limit and "AH(acylindrical) is compact" Theorems.
Quenched glueball spectrum from functional equations
Creators: name: Huber, Markus Q.
name: Fischer, Christian S.
name: Sanchis-Alepuz, Hèlios
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We give an overview of results for the quenched glueball spectrum from two-body bound state equations based on the 3PI effective action. The setup, which uses self-consistently calculated two- and three-point functions as input, is completely self-contained and does not have any free parameters except for the coupling. The results for $J^{\mathsf{PC}}=0^{\pm+},2^{\pm+},3^{\pm+},4^{\pm+}$ are in good agreement with recent lattice results where available. For the pseudoscalar glueball, we present first results from a two-loop complete calculation, rendering also the bound state calculation fully self-consistent.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures, 1 table, contribution to the proceedings of "A Virtual Tribute to Quark Confinement and the Hadron Spectrum 2021", Aug. 2-6, 2021; v2: corrected numbers in tab. 1
Didascalia apostolorum: testo siriaco, traduzione italiana, sinossi e commento sulla formazione del testo
Didascalia apostolorum: syriac text, italian version, synopsis and study on redactional development
Creators: name: Ragucci, Valentina <1979>
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2013
Subjects: M-STO/07 Storia del Cristianesimo e delle Chiese

description: Dopo aver introdotto lo status quaestionis sulla Didascalia apostolorum, segue la trascrizione del testo siriaco, la traduzione italiana corredata di note,
una sinossi a quattro colonne (testo siriaco del manoscritto A e del manoscritto E, i frammenti latini e la loro traduzione). L'ultima parte della tesi riguarda l'analisi redazionale del testo, ovvero le fonti e le interpolazioni, a cui segue in ultimo un'ipotesi ricostruttiva.
description: This thesis is composed by syriac text, italian version, synopsis and study on redactional development: sources and intepolations.
Hidden Turbulence in van Gogh's \textbf{\textit{The Starry Night}}
Creators: name: Ma, Yinxiang
name: Cheng, Wanting
name: Huang, Shidi
name: Schmitt, François G.
name: Lin, Xin
name: Huang, Yongxiang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Turbulent skies have often inspired artists, particularly in the iconic swirls of Vincent van Gogh's \textbf{\textit{The Starry Night}}. For an extended period, debate has raged over whether the flow pattern in this masterpiece adheres to Kolmogorov's theory of turbulence. In contrast to previous studies that examined only part of this painting, {\textit{all and only the}} whirls/eddies in the painting are taken into account in this work, following the Richardson-Kolmogorov's cascade picture of turbulence. Consequently, the luminance's Fourier power spectrum spontaneously exhibits a characteristic $-5/3$ Kolmogorov-like power-law. This result suggests that van Gogh had a very careful observation of real flows, so that not only the sizes of whirls/eddies in \textbf{\textit{The Starry Night}} but also their relative distances and intensity follow the physical law that governs turbulent flows. Moreover, a "$-1$"-like power-law persists in the spectrum below the scales of the smallest whirls, hinting at Batchelor-type scalar turbulence with a high Schmidt number. Our study thus unveils the hidden turbulence captured within \textbf{\textit{The Starry Night}}.
description: 31 pages, 9 figures. This is the final version of manuscript, which has been published in Physics of Fluids. Comments and suggestions are welcome
Welcome to the CSCCE Community of Practice! A tipsheet for new members
Creators: name: Woodley, Lou
name: Pratt, Katie
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: community
welcome
new member onboarding
Slack

description: This document is intended to help new members of the CSCCE community of practice, which is predominantly hosted on Slack, get started. It highlights some key links, programming, and activities.
Learning Many-to-Many Mapping for Unpaired Real-World Image Super-resolution and Downscaling
Creators: name: Sun, Wanjie
name: Chen, Zhenzhong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Learning based single image super-resolution (SISR) for real-world images has been an active research topic yet a challenging task, due to the lack of paired low-resolution (LR) and high-resolution (HR) training images. Most of the existing unsupervised real-world SISR methods adopt a two-stage training strategy by synthesizing realistic LR images from their HR counterparts first, then training the super-resolution (SR) models in a supervised manner. However, the training of image degradation and SR models in this strategy are separate, ignoring the inherent mutual dependency between downscaling and its inverse upscaling process. Additionally, the ill-posed nature of image degradation is not fully considered. In this paper, we propose an image downscaling and SR model dubbed as SDFlow, which simultaneously learns a bidirectional many-to-many mapping between real-world LR and HR images unsupervisedly. The main idea of SDFlow is to decouple image content and degradation information in the latent space, where content information distribution of LR and HR images is matched in a common latent space. Degradation information of the LR images and the high-frequency information of the HR images are fitted to an easy-to-sample conditional distribution. Experimental results on real-world image SR datasets indicate that SDFlow can generate diverse realistic LR and SR images both quantitatively and qualitatively.
Vessel Wall Imaging, Flow, and Hemorrhage in the Draining Veins of Cerebral Arteriovenous Malformations
Creators: name: Rizko, Mark
Publisher: name: University of Illinois at Chicago
Year: 2021
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Aim Cerebral arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) demonstrate significant risk for hemorrhage, yet intervention also involves significant risk. The aim of this proof-of-concept study is to determine if Vessel Wall Imaging (VWI) technology may capture the draining veins of AVMs and, secondarily, if this technology may capture inflammatory processes in the walls of draining veins that correlate with rupture status. Methods Patients with a diagnosed cerebral arteriovenous malformation underwent T1-weighted fluid-attenuated inversion recovery imaging, with and without gadolinium contrast, to assess wall enhancement. Patients also underwent standard-of-care imaging, including digital subtraction angiography and magnetic resonance angiography. The presence of any (Y/N) and of circumferential (Y/N) draining vein, hemorrhage, AVM architecture, and clinical/demographic data was obtained for each patient. AVM flows were quantified using Non-invasive Optimized Vessel Analysis. Results VWI successfully captured venous wall contours in 8 of 9 cases studied; 1 case had a substantial hematoma that completely eclipsed venous anatomy. Post-gadolinium contrast enhancement in draining vein walls had a nearly-significant association with hemorrhagic presentation in the nidus. Post-gadolinium contrast enhancement was more prevalent in the draining veins of patients with a history of hypertension. There was a nearly-significant association of gadolinium wall enhancement in high-flow veins. Conclusion This proof-of-concept experiment successfully demonstrates that VWI technology is capable of capturing the tortuous anatomy of AVM draining veins. It also suggests that gadolinium-enhanced VWI is capable of capturing inflammatory processes exacerbated by factors such as hypertension and high-volume venous flow. Notably, this pilot study suggests that this technology may also be used to predict AVMs at highest risk of hemorrhage.
Welcome to the CSCCE Community of Practice! A tipsheet for new members
Creators: name: Woodley, Lou
name: Pratt, Katie
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: welcome
Slack
CSCCE
CSCCE scaffolding
Community-building

description: This document is intended to help new members of the CSCCE community of practice, which is predominantly hosted on Slack, get started. It highlights some key links, programming, and activities. About CSCCE The Center for Scientific Collaboration and Community Engagement (CSCCE) champions the importance of human infrastructure for effective collaboration in STEM. We provide training and support for the people who make scientific collaborations succeed at scale - and we also research the impact of these emerging roles. Find out more about us on our website: cscce.org
Galactic dynamo simulations
Creators: name: Elstner, Detlef
name: Gressel, Oliver
name: Rüdiger, Günther
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent simulations of supernova-driven turbulence within the ISM support the existence of a large-scale dynamo. With a growth time of about two hundred million years, the dynamo is quite fast -- in contradiction to many assertions in the literature. We here present details on the scaling of the dynamo effect within the simulations and discuss global mean-field models based on the adopted turbulence coefficients. The results are compared to global simulations of the magneto-rotational instability.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures, IAU Symp. 259 proceedings (in press)
Zur Fauna der Zikaden, Wanzen und Blattflöhe der Pfalz, Deutschland (Hemiptera: Auchenorrhyncha, Heteroptera und Psylloidea)
On the fauna of hoppers, true bugs and psyllids of Palatine, Germany (Hemiptera: Auchenorrhyncha, Heteroptera und Psylloidea)
Creators: name: Rösch, Verena
name: Achtziger, Roland
name: Adam, Pauline
name: Andreä, Jakob
name: Attinger, Adrian
name: Edo, Manon
name: Frenzel, Melina
name: Kramer, Diana
name: Malenovský, Igor
name: Mollmann, Christopher
name: Mühlethaler, Roland
name: Nickel, Herbert
name: Niedringhaus, Rolf
name: Van Klink, Roel
name: Walter, Sabine
name: Witsack, Werner
name: Zeman, Šimon
Publisher: name: Cicadina
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 000

description: Die 27. mitteleuropäische Zikadentagung fand vom 16.-18. Juli 2021 in Landau, Rheinland-Pfalz, Deutschland, statt. Beprobt wurden mehrere für die Region typische Lebensräume: ein Binnendünengebiet, eine neu geschaffene Waldweide mit Quellmoor im Pfälzerwald, extensiv genutzte Streuobstbereiche mit Schafbeweidung sowie Rinderweiden entlang des Flusses Queich westlich von Landau. Insgesamt wurden 188 Zikaden-, 35 Wanzen- und 14 Blattfloharten gesammelt. Zu den seltenen und ungewöhnlichen Arten gehörten Sardius argus auf einer extensiv genutzten Streuobstwiese und Scottianella dalei im Quellmoor. Viele der nachgewiesenen Arten sind Bewohner artenreicher Grünlandbereiche und durch die Intensivierung der Landwirtschaft bedroht. Sie sind auf eine extensive Bewirtschaftung ihres Lebensraums durch Beweidung oder Mahd und einen geringen Nährstoffgehalt angewiesen.
description: The 27th Central European Auchenorrhyncha meeting took place in Landau, Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany, on 16-18 July 2021. Several typical habitats for the region were sampled: an inland dune area, a newly-created wood pasture with a spring mire in the Palatinate Forest, two extensively used orchard areas, as well as riparian pastures along the river Queich. In total, 188 Auchenorrhyncha species, comprising 29 % of the German fauna, were collected. In addition, 35 Heteroptera species and 14 Psylloidea species were found. Rare and unusual hopper species for Germany include Sardius argus in an extensively used traditional orchard area and Scottianella dalei in a spring mire. Many of the species that were collected depend on species-rich grasslands, an extensive management and low nutrient levels. They are thus threatened by agricultural intensification and the abandonment of traditional management practices and subsequent shrub encroachment.
Continuous Space-Time Crystal State Driven by Nonreciprocal Optical Forces
Creators: name: Raskatla, Venugopal
name: Liu, Tongjun
name: Li, Jinxiang
name: MacDonald, Kevin F.
name: Zheludev, Nikolay I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Continuous time crystals (CTCs) - media with broken continuous time translation symmetry - are an eagerly sought state of matter that spontaneously transition from a time-independent state to one of periodic motion in response to a small perturbation. The state has been realized recently in an array of nanowires decorated with plasmonic metamolecules illuminated with light. Here we show that this as-yet-unexplained CTC state can be understood as arising from a nonreciprocal phase transition induced by nonconservative radiation pressure forces among plasmonic metamolecules: above a certain intensity threshold, light drives the inhomogeneously broadened array of thermally-driven noisy nanowire oscillators to a synchronized coherent space-time crystal state and ergodicity of the system is broken. At the onset of synchronization, this mechanism does not require nonlinearity in the oscillators but depends instead on nonreciprocal forces. As such it is fundamentally different from the regimes of synchronization that depend on nonlinearity.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures
Role of soft-iron impellers on the mode selection in the VKS dynamo experiment
Creators: name: Giesecke, Andre
name: Stefani, Frank
name: Gerbeth, Gunter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A crucial point for the understanding of the von-Kármán-Sodium (VKS) dynamo experiment is the influence of soft-iron impellers. We present numerical simulations of a VKS-like dynamo with a localized permeability distribution that resembles the shape of the flow driving impellers. It is shown that the presence of soft-iron material essentially determines the dynamo process in the VKS experiment. % An axisymmetric magnetic field mode can be explained by the combined action of the soft-iron disk and a rather small $α$-effect parametrizing the induction effects of unresolved small scale flow fluctuations.
Bulk Universality for Complex non-Hermitian Matrices with Independent and Identically Distributed Entries
Creators: name: Maltsev, Anna
name: Osman, Mohammed
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider N x N matrices with complex entries that are perturbed by a complex Gaussian matrix with small variance. We prove that if the unperturbed matrix satisfies certain local laws then the bulk correlation functions are universal in the large N limit. Assuming the entries are independent and identically distributed with a common distribution that has finite moments, the Gaussian component is removed by the four moment theorem of Tao and Vu.
description: Revised version