cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: The efficacy of the coronary artery motion blur reduction of the second-generation motion correction algorithm.
Creators: name: Kitagawa, Kaoru
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cardiac
subject: CT-Angiography
subject: Image manipulation / Reconstruction
subject: Technology assessment
subject: Artifacts

description: Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Purpose: Coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) is an increasingly used diagnostic tool for the noninvasive visualization of coronary artery disease [1]. Vessel border blurring in CCTA results in poor image quality and reduces diagnostic performance...
On the Cauchy problem for the Fadaray tensor on globally hyperbolic manifolds with timelike boundary
Creators: name: Drago, Nicoló
name: Ginoux, Nicolas
name: Murro, Simone
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Primary 35Q61, 35N30, Secondary 58J45, 53C50

description: We study the well-posedness of the Cauchy problem for the Faraday tensor on globally hyperbolic manifolds with timelike boundary. The existence of Green operators for the operator $\mathrm{d}+δ$ and a suitable pre-symplectic structure on the space of solutions are discussed.
description: 19 pages -- accepted in Rendiconti Lincei Matematica e Applicazioni
Autocorrelation Supplementary Material from Predicting dengue outbreaks at neighbourhood level using human mobility in urban areas
Creators: name: Bomfim, Rafael
name: Pei, Sen
name: Shaman, Jeffrey
name: Yamana, Teresa
name: Makse, Hernán A.
name: Andrade, José S.
name: Neto, Antonio S. Lima
name: Furtado, Vasco
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computational Biology
subject: 10202 Biological Mathematics
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Autocorrelation Analyse for Arima models
(401794) Alexander Baxter
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Magnetic Resonance Angiography Visualization of Abnormal Tumor Vasculature in Genetically Engineered Mice
Creators: name: Van Dyke, Terry
name: Yin, Chaoying
name: Brubaker, Lauren M.
name: Lin, Weili
name: Bullitt, Elizabeth
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2005

description: Previous research on the vasculature of tumor-bearing animals has focused upon the microvasculature. Magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) offers a noninvasive, complementary approach that provides information about larger vessels. Quantitative analysis of MRA images of spontaneous preclinical tumor models has not been previously reported. Eleven TgT
Cobalt as a promising dopant for producing semi-insulating β -Ga2O3crystals: Charge state transition levels from experiment and theory
Creators: name: Seyidov, Palvan
name: Varley, Joel B.
name: Galazka, Zbigniew
name: Chou, Ta-Shun
name: Popp, Andreas
name: Fiedler, Andreas
name: Irmscher, Klaus
Publisher: name: Melville, NY : AIP Publ.
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Boron
subject: Charge transfer
subject: Cobalt
subject: Density functional theory
subject: Doping (additives)
subject: Electron-phonon interactions
subject: Gallium compounds
subject: Light absorption
subject: Photoionization
subject: Valence bands
subject: 620
subject: 600

description: Optical absorption and photoconductivity measurements of Co-doped β-Ga2O3 crystals reveal the photon energies of optically excited charge transfer between the Co related deep levels and the conduction or valence band. The corresponding photoionization cross sections are fitted by a phenomenological model considering electron-phonon coupling. The obtained fitting parameters: thermal ionization (zero-phonon transition) energy, Franck-Condon shift, and effective phonon energy are compared with corresponding values predicted by first principle calculations based on density functional theory. A (+/0) donor level ∼0.85 eV above the valence band maximum and a (0/-) acceptor level ∼2.1 eV below the conduction band minimum are consistently derived. Temperature-dependent electrical resistivity measurement at elevated temperatures (up to 1000 K) yields a thermal activation energy of 2.1 ± 0.1 eV, consistent with the position of the Co acceptor level. Furthermore, the results show that Co doping is promising for producing semi-insulating β-Ga2O3 crystals.
Unveiling the nucleation and growth of Zr oxide precipitates of internally oxidized Nb3Sn superconductors
Creators: name: Lee, Jaeyel
name: Mao, Zugang
name: Isheim, Dieter
name: Seidman, David N
name: Xu, Xingchen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on atomic-scale analyses of nucleation and growth of Zr oxide precipitates and the microstructural evolution of internally oxidized Nb3Sn wires for high-field superconducting magnet applications, utilizing atom probe tomography (APT), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and first-principles calculations. APT analyses reveal that prior to interfacial reactions at Nb/Nb3Sn interfaces, Zr atoms in an unreacted Nb-1Zr-4Ta (at.%) alloy form clusters with O atoms owing to their high affinity for oxygen and are segregated at grain boundaries (GBs) in the Nb grains. Then, nucleation of Zr oxide precipitates occurs in Nb3Sn and at Nb3Sn/Nb interfaces, driven by the small solubility of Zr and O in Nb3Sn compared to Nb. Quantitative APT and TEM analyses of Zr oxide precipitates in Nb3Sn layers demonstrate the nucleation, growth, and coarsening processes of Zr oxide precipitates in Nb3Sn layers. A high number density of Zr oxide nanoprecipitates is observed in the Nb3Sn layers, ~10^23 per m^3, with a mean precipitate diam. <10 nm at 625 oC and 700 oC, which provide pinning centers for grain refinement of Nb3Sn, <100 nm diam., and serve as pinning sites for fluxons. First-principles calculations and classical nucleation theory are employed to describe the nucleation of Zr oxide precipitates in Nb3Sn: energy barriers and the critical radius for nucleation of Zr oxide precipitates in Nb3Sn. Our research yields the kinetic pathways for nucleation and growth of Zr oxide precipitates and the microstructural evolution of Nb3Sn layers, which helps to improve the fabrication process of internally oxidized Nb3Sn wires for high-field superconducting magnets.
(401789) David Cowan Mudie
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
HER4 D-Box Sequences Regulate Mitotic Progression and Degradation of the Nuclear HER4 Cleavage Product s80HER4
Creators: name: Earp III, H. Shelton
name: Rearick, William A.
name: Husted, Carty
name: Sandahl, Melissa
name: Hunter, Debra M.
name: Strunk, Karen E.
name: Miraglia, Leah C.
name: Muraoka-Cook, Rebecca S.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2007

description: Heregulin-mediated activation of HER4 initiates receptor cleavage (releasing an 80-kDa HER4 intracellular domain, s80HER4, containing nuclear localization sequences) and results in G2/M delay by unknown signaling mechanisms. We report herein that s80HER4 contains a functional cyclin B-like sequence known as a D-box, which targets proteins for degradation by APC/C, a multisubunit ubiquitin ligase. s80HER4 ubiquitination and ptoteosomal degradation occurred during mitosis but not during S-phase. Inhibition of an APC subunit (APC2) using siRNA knock-down impaired s80HER4 degradation. Mutation of the s80HER4 D-box sequence stabilized s80HER4 during mitosis, and s80HER4-dependent growth inhibition via G2/M delay was significantly greater with the D-box mutant. Polyomvirus middle-T antigen-transformed HC11 cells expressing s80HER4 resulted in smaller, less proliferative, more differentiated tumors in vivo than those expressing kinase-dead s80HER4 or the empty vector. Cells expressing s80HER4 with a disrupted D-box did not form tumors, instead forming differentiated ductal structures. These results suggest that cell cycle-dependent degradation of s80HER4 limits its growth inhibitory action, and stabilization of s80HER4 enhances tumor suppression, thus providing a link between HER4-mediated growth inhibition and cell cycle control.
Cdk2 Deficiency Decreases ras/CDK4-Dependent Malignant Progression, but Not myc-Induced Tumorigenesis
Creators: name: Macias, Everardo
name: Klein-Szanto, Andres
name: Rodriguez-Puebla, Marcelo L.
name: De Marval, Paula L.Miliani
name: Kim, Yongbaek
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2007

description: We have previously shown that forced expression of CDK4 in mouse skin (K5CDK4 mice) results in increased susceptibility to squamous cell carcinomas (SCC) development in a chemical carcinogenesis protocol. This protocol induces skin papilloma development causing a selection of cells bearing activating Ha-ras mutations. We have also demonstrated that myc-induced epidermal proliferation and oral tumorigenesis (K5Myc mice) depends on CDK4 expression. Biochemical analysis of K5CDK4 and K5Myc epidermis as well as skin tumors showed that keratinocyte proliferation is mediated by CDK4 sequestration of p27Kip1 and p21Cip1, and activation of CDK2. Here, we studied the role of CDK2 in epithelial tumorigenesis. In normal skin loss of CDK2 rescues CDK4-induced, but not myc-induce epidermal hyperproliferation. Ablation of CDK2 in K5CDK4 mice results in decrease incidences and multiplicity of skin tumors as well as malignant progression to SCC. Histopathological analysis showed that K5CDK4 tumors are drastically more aggressive than K5CDK4/CDK2−/− tumors. On the other hand, we show that CDK2 is dispensable for myc-induced tumorigenesis. In contrast to our previous report K5Myc/CDK4−/− mice, K5Myc/CDK2−/− mice developed oral tumors with the same frequency as K5Myc mice. Overall we have established that ras-induced tumors are more susceptible to CDK2 ablation than myc-induced tumors, suggesting that the efficacy of targeting CDK2 in tumor development and malignant progression is dependent on the oncogenic pathway involved.
Circulating Levels of Inflammatory Cytokines and Risk of Colorectal Adenomas
Creators: name: Schroeder, Jane C.
name: Galanko, Joseph
name: Satia, Jessie A.
name: Martin, Christopher
name: Halabi, Susan
name: Woosley, John T.
name: Sandler, Robert S.
name: Keku, Temitope O.
name: Kim, Sangmi
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: The association between obesity and colorectal neoplasia may be mediated by inflammation. Circulating levels of C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) are elevated in the obese. Adipose tissue can produce and release the inflammatory cytokines that are potentially procarcinogenic. We examined circulating levels of CRP, IL-6, and TNF-α in relation to risk factors and the prevalence of colorectal adenomas. Plasma levels of CRP, IL-6, and TNF-α were quantified in 873 participants (242 colorectal adenoma cases and 631 controls) in a colonoscopy-based cross-sectional study conducted between 1998 and 2002. Multivariable logistic regression was used to estimate associations between levels of inflammatory cytokines, colorectal adenomas, and known risk factors. Several known risk factors for colorectal neoplasia were associated with higher levels of inflammatory cytokines such as older age, current smoking, and increasing adiposity. The prevalence of colorectal adenomas was associated with higher concentrations of IL-6 and TNF-α, and to a lesser degree, with CRP. For IL-6, adjusted odds ratios for colorectal adenomas were 1.78 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.18–2.68) for the second highest plasma level, and 1.84 (95% CI: 1.24– 2.74) for the highest level compared with the reference level. A similar association was found with TNF-α, with adjusted odds ratios of 1.54 (95% CI: 1.02–2.33) and 1.65 (95% CI: 1.09–2.50), respectively. Our findings indicate that inflammation might be involved in the early development of colorectal neoplasia, and suggest that systemic inflammatory cytokines might be an indicator of obesity and other risk factors for colorectal neoplasia.
title: Quantitative assessment of multiparametric MRI (mpMRI) with GD-EOB-DTPA in differential diagnosis of pediatric liver lesions.
Creators: name: Petrash, Ekaterina
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Abdomen
subject: Liver
subject: Paediatric
subject: MR
subject: Contrast agent-intravenous
subject: Statistics
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Neoplasia

description: Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Purpose: 175 000 of new malignant tumors in children are annually registered in the world. Liver tumors account for 1,1% of all the newly diagnosed neoplasms in children [6; 9; 14]. Most common malignant liver tumors are hepatoblastoma and hepatocellular...
Probabilistic Matching of Real and Generated Data Statistics in Generative Adversarial Networks
Creators: name: Pilar, Philipp
name: Wahlström, Niklas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Generative adversarial networks constitute a powerful approach to generative modeling. While generated samples often are indistinguishable from real data, there is no guarantee that they will follow the true data distribution. For scientific applications in particular, it is essential that the true distribution is well captured by the generated distribution. In this work, we propose a method to ensure that the distributions of certain generated data statistics coincide with the respective distributions of the real data. In order to achieve this, we add a new loss term to the generator loss function, which quantifies the difference between these distributions via suitable f-divergences. Kernel density estimation is employed to obtain representations of the true distributions, and to estimate the corresponding generated distributions from minibatch values at each iteration. When compared to other methods, our approach has the advantage that the complete shapes of the distributions are taken into account. We evaluate the method on a synthetic dataset and a real-world dataset and demonstrate improved performance of our approach.
Towards Machine Wald
Creators: name: Owhadi, Houman
name: Scovel, Clint
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 62C99, 68Q32

description: The past century has seen a steady increase in the need of estimating and predicting complex systems and making (possibly critical) decisions with limited information. Although computers have made possible the numerical evaluation of sophisticated statistical models, these models are still designed \emph{by humans} because there is currently no known recipe or algorithm for dividing the design of a statistical model into a sequence of arithmetic operations. Indeed enabling computers to \emph{think} as \emph{humans} have the ability to do when faced with uncertainty is challenging in several major ways: (1) Finding optimal statistical models remains to be formulated as a well posed problem when information on the system of interest is incomplete and comes in the form of a complex combination of sample data, partial knowledge of constitutive relations and a limited description of the distribution of input random variables. (2) The space of admissible scenarios along with the space of relevant information, assumptions, and/or beliefs, tend to be infinite dimensional, whereas calculus on a computer is necessarily discrete and finite. With this purpose, this paper explores the foundations of a rigorous framework for the scientific computation of optimal statistical estimators/models and reviews their connections with Decision Theory, Machine Learning, Bayesian Inference, Stochastic Optimization, Robust Optimization, Optimal Uncertainty Quantification and Information Based Complexity.
description: 37 pages
(401790) Murray
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Robustness in sparse linear models: relative efficiency based on robust approximate message passing
Creators: name: Bradic, Jelena
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Understanding efficiency in high dimensional linear models is a longstanding problem of interest. Classical work with smaller dimensional problems dating back to Huber and Bickel has illustrated the benefits of efficient loss functions. When the number of parameters $p$ is of the same order as the sample size $n$, $p \approx n$, an efficiency pattern different from the one of Huber was recently established. In this work, we consider the effects of model selection on the estimation efficiency of penalized methods. In particular, we explore whether sparsity, results in new efficiency patterns when $p > n$. In the interest of deriving the asymptotic mean squared error for regularized M-estimators, we use the powerful framework of approximate message passing. We propose a novel, robust and sparse approximate message passing algorithm (RAMP), that is adaptive to the error distribution. Our algorithm includes many non-quadratic and non-differentiable loss functions. We derive its asymptotic mean squared error and show its convergence, while allowing $p, n, s \to \infty$, with $n/p \in (0,1)$ and $n/s \in (1,\infty)$. We identify new patterns of relative efficiency regarding a number of penalized $M$ estimators, when $p$ is much larger than $n$. We show that the classical information bound is no longer reachable, even for light--tailed error distributions. We show that the penalized least absolute deviation estimator dominates the penalized least square estimator, in cases of heavy--tailed distributions. We observe this pattern for all choices of the number of non-zero parameters $s$, both $s \leq n$ and $s \approx n$. In non-penalized problems where $s =p \approx n$, the opposite regime holds. Therefore, we discover that the presence of model selection significantly changes the efficiency patterns.
description: 49 pages, 10 figures
(401786) Francis Hugh Neish
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
The local-global conjecture for Apollonian circle packings is false
Creators: name: Haag, Summer
name: Kertzer, Clyde
name: Rickards, James
name: Stange, Katherine E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 52C26, 11D99, 11-04 (Primary) 20H10, 11E12, 11A15, 11B99 (Secondary)

description: In a primitive integral Apollonian circle packing, the curvatures that appear must fall into one of six or eight residue classes modulo 24. The local-global conjecture states that every sufficiently large integer in one of these residue classes will appear as a curvature in the packing. We prove that this conjecture is false for many packings, by proving that certain quadratic and quartic families are missed. The new obstructions are a property of the thin Apollonian group (and not its Zariski closure), and are a result of quadratic and quartic reciprocity, reminiscent of a Brauer-Manin obstruction. Based on computational evidence, we formulate a new conjecture.
description: 19 pages, 2 figures. Slightly expanded from the published version
(401787) William Neish
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Effects of vibration on man: effects of low-frequency sinusoidal and random vibrations on the physiology and biochemistry of human body-fluids
Creators: name: Abu-Lisan, Mustafa A.
Publisher: name: Loughborough University
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 119999 Medical and Health Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Other medical sciences

description: Fear of ground motion or tremors appears to be deep-rooted in man, and throughout the animal kingdom down to the simplest species. Man, as a mechanical system, is extremely complex and his mechanical properties readily undergo change. As far as vibration is concerned, man is a system of springs and masses, both amplifies and attenuates vibrations according to the laws of vibration dynamics. consequently, man's sensitivity to vibration is not simple but changes in a complex way with: the frequency of vibration, the magnitude, the duration (exposure time), the site area and direction of transmission of the vibration to the body. [Continues.]
Common Familial Colorectal Cancer Linked to Chromosome 7q31: A Genome-Wide Analysis
Creators: name: Griffin, Constance A.
name: Finkelstein, Dianne M.
name: Evans, James P.
name: Tomlinson, Gail E.
name: Nadkarni, Prakash M.
name: Kasten, Carol H.
name: Strong, Louise C.
name: Kerber, Richard A.
name: Schildkraut, Joellen M.
name: Miller, Alexander R.
name: Nilson, David B.
name: Mineau, Geraldine P.
name: Anton-Culver, Hoda
name: Neklason, Deborah W.
name: Stopfer, Jill E.
name: Burt, Randall W.
name: Schwartz, Ann G.
name: Lowery, Jan T.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: Present investigations suggest that approximately 30% of colorectal cancer (CRC) cases arise on the basis of inherited factors. We hypothesize that the majority of inherited factors are moderately penetrant genes, common in the population. We use an affected sibling pair approach to identify genetic regions that are coinherited by siblings with CRC. Individuals from families with at least two siblings diagnosed with colorectal adenocarcinoma or high grade dysplasia were enrolled. Known familial CRC syndromes were excluded. A genome-wide scan on 151 DNA samples from 70 kindreds was completed using deCODE's 1100 short tandem repeat marker set at an average 4 cM density. Fine mapping on a total of 184 DNAs from 83 kindreds was done in regions suggesting linkage. Linkage analysis was accomplished with MERLIN analysis package. Linkage analysis revealed three genetic regions with NPL LOD scores ≥ 2.0: Ch. 3q29, LOD 2.61 (p=0.0003); Ch. 4q31.3, LOD 2.13 (p=0.0009); and Ch. 7q31.31, LOD 3.08 (p=0.00008). Affected siblings with increased sharing at the 7q31 locus have an 3.8 year (±3.5) earlier age of CRC onset although this is not statistically significant (p=0.11). No significant linkage was found near genes causing known syndromes or, regions previously reported (8q24, 9q22, and 11q23). The chromosome 3q21-q24 region reported to be linked in CRC relative pairs, is supported by our study, albeit a minor peak (LOD 0.9, p=0.02). No known familial cancer genes reside in the 7q31 locus, thus the identified region may contain a novel susceptibility gene responsible for common familial CRC.
Atomic-Scale Mapping and Quantification of Local Ruddlesden-Popper Phase Variations
Creators: name: Fleck, Erin E.
name: Barone, Matthew R.
name: Nair, Hari P.
name: Schreiber, Nathaniel J.
name: Dawley, Natalie M.
name: Schlom, Darrell G.
name: Goodge, Berit H.
name: Kourkoutis, Lena F.
Publisher: name: Washington, DC : ACS Publ.
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: layered materials
subject: quantitative image analysis
subject: Ruddlesden-Popper
subject: scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM)
subject: strain mapping
subject: 540
subject: 660

description: The Ruddlesden-Popper (An+1BnO3n+1) compounds are highly tunable materials whose functional properties can be dramatically impacted by their structural phase n. The negligible differences in formation energies for different n can produce local structural variations arising from small stoichiometric deviations. Here, we present a Python analysis platform to detect, measure, and quantify the presence of different n-phases based on atomic-resolution scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) images. We employ image phase analysis to identify horizontal Ruddlesden-Popper faults within the lattice images and quantify the local structure. Our semiautomated technique considers effects of finite projection thickness, limited fields of view, and lateral sampling rates. This method retains real-space distribution of layer variations allowing for spatial mapping of local n-phases to enable quantification of intergrowth occurrence and qualitative description of their distribution suitable for a wide range of layered materials.
The five gradients inequality on differentiable manifolds
Creators: name: Di Marino, S.
name: Murro, S.
name: Radici, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Metric Geometry (math.MG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Primary 49Q20, 35A15, Secondary 53C21, 22E30

description: The goal of this paper is to derive the so-called five gradients inequality for optimal transport theory for general cost functions on two class of differentiable manifolds: locally compact Lie groups and compact Riemannian manifolds.
description: 32 pages -- accepted in Journal de Math\'ematiques Pures et Appliqu\'ees
3D Printed Tubular Scaffolds with Massively Tailorable Mechanical Behavior
Creators: name: Pickering, Edmund
name: Paxton, Naomi C.
name: Bo, Arixin
name: O’Connell, Bridget
name: King, Mitchell
name: Woodruff, Maria A.
Publisher: name: Weinheim : Wiley-VCH
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: additive manufacturing
subject: biomimetic
subject: finite elements
subject: mechanical testing
subject: melt electrowriting
subject: scaffolds
subject: 540
subject: 660

description: Melt electrowriting (MEW) is a promising additive manufacturing technique for tissue scaffold biofabrication. Successful application of MEW scaffolds requires strictly controlled mechanical behavior. This requires scaffold geometry be optimized to match native tissue properties while simultaneously supporting cell attachment and proliferation. The objective of this work is to investigate how geometric properties can be exploited to massively tailor the mechanical behavior of tubular crosshatch scaffolds. An experimentally validated finite element (FE) model is developed and 441 scaffold geometries are investigated under tension, compression, bending, and radial loading. A range of pore areas (4–150 mm2) and pore angles (11°–134°) are investigated. It is found that scaffold mechanical behavior is massively tunable through the control of these simple geometric parameters. Across the ranges investigated, scaffold stiffness varies by a factor of 294× for tension, 204× for compression, 231× for bending, and 124× for radial loading. Further, it is discussed how these geometric parameters can be simultaneously tuned for different biomimetic material applications. This work provides critical insights into scaffold design to achieve biomimetic mechanical behavior and provides an important tool in the development of biomimetic tissue engineered constructs.
Heavy flavor suppression predictions at 5.1 TeV Pb+Pb collisions at LHC
Creators: name: Djordjevic, Magdalena
name: Djordjevic, Marko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: High momentum hadron suppression is considered to be an excellent probe of jet-medium interactions in QCD matter created in ultra-relativistic heavy ion collisions. We previously showed that our dynamical energy loss formalism can accurately explain suppression measurements at 200 GeV Au+Au collisions at RHIC and 2.76 TeV Pb+Pb collisions at the LHC. With the upcoming LHC measurements at notably higher collision energies, there is a question of what differences, with respect to the current (2.76 TeV) measurements, can be expected. In this paper we concentrate on heavy flavor suppression at the upcoming 5.1 TeV Pb+Pb collisions energy at the LHC. Naively, one would expect a notably ($\sim 30\%$) larger suppression at 5.1 TeV collision energy, due to estimated (significant) energy loss increase when transitioning from 2.76 to 5.1 TeV. Surprisingly, more detailed calculations predict nearly the same suppression results at these two energies. We show that this unexpected result is due to an interplay of the following two effects, which essentially cancel each other: i) flattening of the initial distributions with increasing collision energies, and ii) significantly slower than naively expected increase in the energy loss. Therefore, the obtained nearly the same suppression provides a clear (qualitative and quantitative) test of our energy loss formalism.
description: 12 pages, 5 figures
Contrastive Graph Pooling for Explainable Classification of Brain Networks
Creators: name: Xu, Jiaxing
name: Bian, Qingtian
name: Li, Xinhang
name: Zhang, Aihu
name: Ke, Yiping
name: Qiao, Miao
name: Zhang, Wei
name: Sim, Wei Khang Jeremy
name: Gulyás, Balázs
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) is a commonly used technique to measure neural activation. Its application has been particularly important in identifying underlying neurodegenerative conditions such as Parkinson's, Alzheimer's, and Autism. Recent analysis of fMRI data models the brain as a graph and extracts features by graph neural networks (GNNs). However, the unique characteristics of fMRI data require a special design of GNN. Tailoring GNN to generate effective and domain-explainable features remains challenging. In this paper, we propose a contrastive dual-attention block and a differentiable graph pooling method called ContrastPool to better utilize GNN for brain networks, meeting fMRI-specific requirements. We apply our method to 5 resting-state fMRI brain network datasets of 3 diseases and demonstrate its superiority over state-of-the-art baselines. Our case study confirms that the patterns extracted by our method match the domain knowledge in neuroscience literature, and disclose direct and interesting insights. Our contributions underscore the potential of ContrastPool for advancing the understanding of brain networks and neurodegenerative conditions. The source code is available at https://github.com/AngusMonroe/ContrastPool.
Viability of recycling application for Bangkok, Thailand
Creators: name: Sutima Paaopanchon
Publisher: name: Loughborough University
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 90509 Water Resources Engineering
subject: FOS: Civil engineering

description: Poor management of municipal solid waste (MSW) is one of the most challenging issues need to be addressed by most developing countries including Thailand. Low levels of recycling rates, lack of facilities and low levels of source separation are challenges commonly faced which directly impacts the quantity and quality of the recyclables collected. To improve the current practices and achieve sustainable solid waste management (SWM), a mobile application was proposed to overcome barriers preventing the public from recycling. Viability of the application is tested in this thesis. With the use of questionnaires and interviews, this research investigated the practicality and viability of using a mobile application to increase the recycling rates in Bangkok, Thailand. Evaluating the different factors such as social, technical, economical, financial or institutional, the findings suggest that mobile applications seem as a suitable solution to increase recycling rates. As household users are familiar and have high access to the proposed technology. Having this on-demand service available, brings convenience, sense of control and management structure to unorganized system used presently. However, as the itinerant recycle buyers (IRB), the main connection between households and recycling shops, have low level of mobile application usage, the viability for this interaction decreases in the immediate future. Identification of stakeholders in the supply chain was conducted. Key findings report that potential household users are satisfied with existing system conducted by the informal waste collectors. Leading the research to recommend other areas that should be targeted before digitalisation, such as providing education about proper waste separation and improving recycling schemes within organizations and offices. As this can create a knock-over effect which may help the public to recycle within their households more. Solving an issue should be made at the source of the problem, in order to be sustainable.
On the resolvent of $H+A^{*}+A$
Creators: name: Posilicano, Andrea
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We present a much shorter and streamlined proof of an improved version of the results previously given in [A. Posilicano: On the Self-Adjointness of $H+A^{*}+A$, Math. Phys. Anal. Geom. (2020)] concerning the self-adjoint realizations of formal QFT-like Hamiltonians of the kind $H+A^{*}+A$, where $H$ and $A$ play the role of the free field Hamiltonian and of the annihilation operator respectively. We give explicit representations of the resolvent and of the self-adjointness domain; the consequent Krein-type resolvent formula leads to a characterization of these self-adjoint realizations as limit (with respect to convergence in norm resolvent sense) of cutoff Hamiltonians of the kind $H+A^{*}_{n}+A_{n}-E_{n}$, the bounded operator $E_{n}$ playing the role of a renormalizing counter term.
description: revised version, denseness hypothesis of ran(A) removed
(401788) Colin Francis [Jock][Ian] Neish
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
EBV Latent Membrane Protein 1 Effects on Plakoglobin, Cell Growth, and Migration
Creators: name: Raab-Traub, Nancy
name: Schnegg, Caroline I.
name: Shair, Kathy H.Y.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: Latent membrane protein-1 (LMP1), the major oncoprotein of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), is likely responsible for many of the altered cellular growth properties in EBV-associated cancers including nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). In this study, the effects of LMP1 on cell growth and migration were studied in the context of the EBV-positive C666-1 NPC cell line. In the soft agar transformation and transwell metastasis assays, LMP1 enhanced cell growth and migration through activation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt and NFκB signaling. Inhibitors of PI3K, Akt and NFκB signaling dramatically reduced these enhanced properties. An IκBα super-repressor also blocked these effects. However, constitutive activation of Akt alone did not alter cell growth, suggesting that both PI3K/Akt and NFκB activation are required by LMP1. These enhanced effects required the full-length LMP1 encompassing both the PI3K/Akt activating C-terminal activation region (CTAR) 1 and the non-redundant NFκB activating regions CTARs 1 and 2. LMP2A, a latent protein that is also frequently expressed in NPC, similarly activates the PI3K/Akt pathway, however its over-expression in C666-1 cells did not affect cell growth or migration. LMP1 also decreased expression of the junctional protein plakoglobin which was shown to be partially responsible for enhanced migration induced by LMP1. This study reveals that in epithelial cells the transforming properties of LMP1 require activation of both PI3K/Akt and NFκB and demonstrates that the loss of plakoglobin expression by LMP1 is a significant factor in the enhanced migration.
EBV MicroRNAs in Primary Lymphomas and Targeting of CXCL-11 by ebv-mir-BHRF1-3
Creators: name: Araujo, Iguaracyra
name: Xia, Tianli
name: Pedroso, Celia
name: Toomey, Ngoc L.
name: Dittmer, Dirk P.
name: Brites, Carlos
name: Ramos, Juan Carlos
name: Manrique, Michele
name: Harrington Jr., William J.
name: Sapucaia, Jose Bahia
name: Carvalho, Eny
name: Barreto, Jose
name: Luz, Estela
name: O'Hara, Andrea
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: EBV-encoded microRNAs (miRNAs) have been identified and their functions are being studied. The expression pattern of these miRNAs in clinical samples of EBV-associated non–Hodgkin’s lymphomas is unknown. We analyzed five primary “endemic” pediatric Burkitt’s lymphomas (BL), two acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)-related type I latency BL lines, a type III latency line, three EBV+ primary effusion lymphomas (PEL), and three AIDS-related diffuse large B-cell lymphomas (DLBCL) for expression of EBV-encoded miRNAs. A markedly elevated expression of miRNA BHRF1-3 in type III relative to its parental type I BL line was found. Primary unmanipulated type I BLs and EBV+ PELs expressed high levels of BART2 miRNA, whereas DLBCLs expressed both BART2 and BHRF1-3 species. BHRF1-3 miRNA expression inversely correlated with levels of a putative cellular target, the IFN-inducible T-cell attracting chemokine CXCL-11/I-TAC, and suppression of this factor was reversed by transfection of an antisense oligo to the EBV miRNA BHRF1-3. EBV-encoded miRNAs are expressed in primary lymphomas classically linked to the virus and are associated with the viral latency status. Targeted suppression of CXCL-11/I-TAC by a viral-encoded miRNA may serve as an immunomodulatory mechanism in these tumors.
Temperature-dependent thermal conductivity and diffusivity of a Mg-doped insulating $β$-$\mathrm{Ga_2O_3}$ single crystal along [100], [010] and [001]
Creators: name: Handwerg, Martin
name: Mitdank, Rüdiger
name: Galazka, Zbigniew
name: Fischer, Saskia F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The monoclinic crystal structure of $β$-$\mathrm{Ga_2O_3}$ leads to significant anisotropy of the thermal properties. The 2$ω$-method is used to measure the thermal diffusivity $D$ in [010] and [001] direction respectively and to determine the thermal conductivity values $λ$ of the [100], [010] and [001] direction from the same insulating Mg doped $β$-$\mathrm{Ga_2O_3}$ single crystal. We detect a temperature independent anisotropy factor of both the thermal diffusivity and conductivity values of $D_{[010]}/D_{[001]}=λ_{[010]}/λ_{[001]}=1.4\pm 0.1$. The temperature-dependence is in accord with phonon-phonon-Umklapp scattering processes from 300 K down to 150 K. Below 150 K point-defect-scattering lowers the estimated phonon-phonon-Umklapp-scattering values.
description: 11 pages, 8 figures
title: Diagnostic performance of artificial intelligence to derive right and left ventricular volumes on computed tomography pulmonary angiography in suspected pulmonary hypertension.
Creators: name: Komber, Hend
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Pulmonary vessels
subject: Respiratory system
subject: CT-Angiography
subject: Computer Applications-Detection, diagnosis
subject: Dilatation
subject: Hypertension

description: Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Purpose: Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a heterogeneous clinical entity, which is usually associated with multiple predisposing factors and disease states [1]. This has often led to challenges of early and accurate diagnosis and treatment. Right ventricular...
(401783) Charles Henry Lawrence Neish
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Simulation of open quantum systems via low-depth convex unitary evolutions
Creators: name: Peetz, Joseph
name: Smart, Scott E.
name: Tserkis, Spyros
name: Narang, Prineha
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Simulating physical systems on quantum devices is one of the most promising applications of quantum technology. Current quantum approaches to simulating open quantum systems are still practically challenging on NISQ-era devices, because they typically require ancilla qubits and extensive controlled sequences. In this work, we propose a hybrid quantum-classical approach for simulating a class of open system dynamics called random-unitary channels. These channels naturally decompose into a series of convex unitary evolutions, which can then be efficiently sampled and run as independent circuits. The method does not require deep ancilla frameworks and thus can be implemented with lower noise costs. We implement simulations of open quantum systems up to dozens of qubits and with large channel ranks.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures, updated post publication