cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Perceived university support and environment as a factor of entrepreneurial intention: Evidence from Western Transdanubia Region
Creators: name: Makai, Attila Lajos
name: Dőry, Tibor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Economics (econ.GN)
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: The exploration of entrepreneurship has become a priority for scientific research in recent years. Understanding this phenomenon is particularly important for the transformation of entrepreneurship into action, which is a key factor in early-stage entrepreneurial activity. This gains particular relevance in the university environment, where, in addition to the conventional teaching and research functions, the entrepreneurial university operation based on open innovation, as well as the enhancement of entrepreneurial attitudes of researchers and students, are receiving increased attention. This study is based on a survey conducted among students attending a Hungarian university of applied science in Western Transdanubia Region who have demonstrated their existing entrepreneurial commitment by joining a national startup training and incubation programme. The main research question of the study is to what extent student entrepreneurship intention is influenced by the environment of the entrepreneurial university ecosystem and the support services available at the university. A further question is whether these factors are able to mitigate the negative effects of internal cognitive and external barriers by enhancing entrepreneurial attitudes and perceived behavioural control. The relatively large number of students involved in the programme allows the data to be analysed using SEM modelling. The results indicate a strong covariance between the perceived university support and environment among students. Another observation is the distinct effect of these institutional factors on perceived behavioural control of students.
Spatiotemporal Quenches in Long-Range Hamiltonians
Creators: name: Bernier, Simon
name: Agarwal, Kartiek
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Spatiotemporal quenches are efficient at preparing ground states of critical Hamiltonians that have emergent low-energy descriptions with Lorentz invariance. The critical transverse field Ising model with nearest neighbor interactions, for instance, maps to free fermions with a relativistic low energy dispersion. However, spin models realized in artificial quantum simulators based on neutral Rydberg atoms, or trapped ions, generically exhibit long range power-law decay of interactions with $J(r) \sim 1/r^α$ for a wide range of $α$. In this work, we study the fate of spatiotemporal quenches in these models with a fixed velocity $v$ for the propagation of the quench front, using the numerical time-dependent variational principle. For $α\gtrsim 3$, where the critical theory is suggested to have a dynamical critical exponent $z = 1$, our simulations show that optimal cooling is achieved when the front velocity $v$ approaches $c$, the effective speed of excitations in the critical model. The energy density is inhomogeneously distributed in space, with prominent hot regions populated by excitations co-propagating with the quench front, and cold regions populated by counter-propagating excitations. Lowering $α$ largely blurs the boundaries between these regions. For $α< 3$, we find that the Doppler cooling effect disappears, as expected from renormalization group results for the critical model which suggest a dispersion $ω\sim q^z$ with $z < 1$. Instead, we show that excitations are controlled by two relevant length scales whose ratio is related to that of the front velocity to a threshold velocity that ultimately determines the adiabaticity of the quench.
description: 18 pages, 11 figures, 3 appendices
Polarization Modulation in Quantum-Dot Spin-VCSELs for Ultrafast Data Transmission
Creators: name: Tselios, Christos
name: Georgiou, Panagiotis
name: Christina
name: Politi
name: Hurtado, Antonio
name: Alexandropoulos, Dimitris
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Spin-Vertical Cavity Surface Emitting Lasers (spin-VCSELs) are undergoing increasing research effort for new paradigms in high-speed optical communications and photon-enabled computing. To date research in spin-VCSELs has mostly focused on Quantum-Well (QW) devices. However, novel Quantum-Dot (QD) spin-VCSELs, offer enhanced parameter controls permitting the effective, dynamical and ultrafast manipulation of their light emissions polarization. In the present contribution we investigate in detail the operation of QD spin-VCSELs subject to polarization modulation for their use as ultrafast light sources in optical communication systems. We reveal that QD spin-VCSELs outperform their QW counterparts in terms of modulation efficiency, yielding a nearly two-fold improvement. We also analyse the impact of key device parameters in QD spin-VCSELs (e.g. photon decay rate and intra-dot relaxation rate) on the large signal modulation performance with regard to optical modulation amplitude and eye-diagram opening penalty. We show that in addition to exhibiting enhanced polarization modulation performance for data rates up to 250Gbps, QD spin-VCSELs enable operation in dual (ground and excited state) emission thus allowing future exciting routes for multiplexing of information in optical communication links.
title: Auf Veranlassung des hiesigen Bürgervereins fand dahier vom 3. bis 5. d. M. ein Congreß zahlreicher politischer Vereine statt, dessen Ergebniß in der Bildung eines "nationalen Vereines" besteht. Nachstehend sind die Beschlüsse dieses Vereines abgedruckt, welche theils die Grundlage für dessen Constituirung ...; [1848]
title: Kassel, November 1848
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: (:Unav)
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
Year: 2018

description: Ohne Titel
The cross-power spectrum between 21cm emission and galaxies in hierarchical galaxy formation models
Creators: name: Park, Jaehong
name: Kim, Han-Seek
name: Wyithe, J. Stuart B.
name: Lacey, C. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The correlation between 21cm fluctuations and galaxies is sensitive to the astrophysical properties of the galaxies that drove reionization. Thus, detailed measurements of the cross-power spectrum and its evolution could provide a powerful measurement both of the properties of early galaxies and the process of reionization. In this paper, we study the evolution of the cross-power spectrum between 21cm emission and galaxies using a model which combines the hierarchical galaxy formation model GALFORM implemented within the Millennium-II dark matter simulation, with a semi-numerical scheme to describe the resulting ionization structure. We find that inclusion of different feedback processes changes the cross-power spectrum shape and amplitude. In particular, the feature in the cross-power spectrum corresponding to the size of ionized regions is significantly affected by supernovae feedback. We calculate predicted observational uncertainties of the cross-correlation coefficient based on specifications of the Murchison Widefield Array (MWA) combined with galaxy surveys of varying area and depth. We find that the cross-power spectrum could be detected over several square degrees of galaxy survey with galaxy redshift errors less than 0.1.
The influence of obstacles on collective motion of self-propelled objects
Creators: name: Serna, Horacio
name: Góźdź, Wojciech T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the influence of obstacles on the collective motion of self propelled objects in the framework of the Vicsek model. The obstacles are arranged in a square lattice and have circular shape. We show that by increasing the radius of the obstacles the collective motion of the self propelled object can be altered from super diffusive to diffusive. For obstacles with small radius, the system is composed of large clusters moving in one direction, for larger radius, the system is composed of small clusters moving randomly in different directions.
Ethnic diversity deflates price bubbles
Creators: name: Levine, Sheen
name: Apfelbaum, Evan
name: Bernard, Mark
name: Bartlett, Valerie
name: Zajac, Edward
name: Stark, David C.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2014
Subjects: Economics

description: Markets are central to modern society, so their failures can have devastating effects. Here, we examine a prominent failure: price bubbles. We propose that bubbles are affected by ethnic homogeneity in the market and can be thwarted by diversity. Using experimental markets in Southeast Asia and North America, we find a marked difference: Market prices fit true values 58% better in diverse markets. In homogenous markets, overpricing is higher and traders’ errors are more correlated than in diverse markets. The findings suggest that price bubbles arise not only from individual errors or financial conditions, but also from the social context of decision making. Informing public discussion, our findings suggest that diversity facilitates friction that enhances deliberation and upends conformity.
Excitonic insulators and superfluidity in 2D bilayers without external fields
Creators: name: Nilsson, Fredrik
name: Kuisma, Mikael
name: Pakdel, Sahar
name: Thygesen, Kristian S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore a new platform for realising excitonic insulators, namely van der Waals (vdW) bilayers comprising 2D Janus materials. In previous studies, Type-II heterobilayers have been brought to the excitonic insulating regime by tuning the band alignment using external gates. In contrast, the Janus bilayers of the current work represent intrinsic excitonic insulators. We first conduct ab initio calculations to obtain the quasiparticle band structures, screened Coulomb interaction, and interlayer exciton binding energies of the bilayers. These ab initio-derived quantities are then used to construct a BCS-like Hamiltonian of the exciton condensate. By solving the mean-field gap equation, we identify 16 vdW Janus bilayers with insulating ground states and superfluid properties. Our calculations expose a new class of advanced materials that are likely to exhibit novel excitonic phases at low temperatures, and highlight the subtle competition between interlayer hybridization, spin-orbit coupling, and dielectric screening that govern their properties.
description: 5 figures, 10 pages
title: Ausschuß-Bericht über die von dem Königlich Preußischen Stadtgericht zu Rosenberg beantragte Zustimmung zur Einleitung einer strafrechtlichen Untersuchung wegen Hochverraths gegen den Abgeordneten zur deutschen Nationalversammlung, Herrn Minkus; [1849]
title: Beilage I. zum Protokoll der 152. öffentl. Sitzung vom 15. Januar 1849
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Martens, Heinrich Wilhelm Gottlieb
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
Year: 2018

description: Kopftitel
Cosmic-ray self-generated turbulence in galactic sites
Creators: name: Evoli, Carmelo
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: cosmic rays
astroparticle physics

description: The presentation was given as part of the online conference "1st Workshop on Gamma-ray Halos around Pulsars" (1-3 December 2020)
description: {"references": ["Evoli et al. (2020), arXiv:2010.11955", "Evoli et al. (2018), Physical Review D, Volume 98, Issue 6, id.063017"]}
A study on subarcsecond scales of the ammonia and continuum emission toward the G16.59-0.05 high-mass star-forming region
Creators: name: Moscadelli, L.
name: Cesaroni, R.
name: Sánchez-Monge, Á.
name: Goddi, C.
name: Furuya, R. S.
name: Sanna, A.
name: Pestalozzi, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We wish to investigate the structure, velocity field, and stellar content of the G16.59-0.05 high-mass star-forming region, where previous studies have established the presence of two almost perpendicular (NE-SW and SE-NW), massive outflows, and a rotating disk traced by methanol maser emission. We performed Very Large Array observations of the radio continuum and ammonia line emission, complemented by COMICS/Subaru and Hi-GAL/Herschel images in the mid- and far-infrared (IR). Our centimeter continuum maps reveal a collimated radio jet that is oriented E-W and centered on the methanol maser disk, placed at the SE border of a compact molecular core. The spectral index of the jet is negative, indicating non-thermal emission over most of the jet, except the peak close to the maser disk, where thermal free-free emission is observed. We find that the ammonia emission presents a bipolar structure consistent (on a smaller scale) in direction and velocity with that of the NE-SW bipolar outflow detected in previous CO observations. After analyzing our previous N2H+(1-0) observations again, we conclude that two scenarios are possible. In one case both the radio jet and the ammonia emission would trace the root of the large-scale CO bipolar outflow. The different orientation of the jet and the ammonia flow could be explained by precession and/or a non-isotropic density distribution around the star. In the other case, the N2H+(1-0) and ammonia bipolarity is interpreted as two overlapping clumps moving with different velocities along the line of sight. The ammonia gas also seems to undergo rotation consistent with the maser disk. Our IR images complemented by archival data allow us to derive a bolometric luminosity of about 10^4 L_sun and to conclude that most of the luminosity is due to the young stellar object associated with the maser disk.
description: 11 pages, 12 figures, published in Astronomy and Astrophysics
Ultra-Low-Frequency Radio Astronomy Observations from a Selenocentric Orbit: first results of the Longjiang-2 experiment
Creators: name: Yan, Jingye
name: Wu, Ji
name: Gurvits, Leonid I.
name: Wu, Lin
name: Deng, Li
name: Zhao, Fei
name: Zhou, Li
name: Lan, Ailan
name: Fan, Wenjie
name: Yi, Min
name: Yang, Yang
name: Yang, Zhen
name: Wei, Mingchuan
name: Guo, Jinsheng
name: Qiu, Shi
name: Wu, Fan
name: Hu, Chaoran
name: Chen, Xuelei
name: Rothkaehl, Hanna
name: Morawski, Marek
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper introduces the first results of observations with the Ultra-Long-Wavelength (ULW) -- Low Frequency Interferometer and Spectrometer (LFIS) on board the selenocentric satellite Longjiang-2. We present a brief description of the satellite and focus on the LFIS payload. The in-orbit commissioning confirmed a reliable operational status of the instrumentation. We also present results of a transition observation, which offers unique measurements on several novel aspects. We estimate the RFI suppression required for such a radio astronomy instrumentation at the Moon distances from Earth to be of the order of 80 dB. We analyse a method of separating Earth- and satellite-originated radio frequency interference (RFI). It is found that the RFI level at frequencies lower than a few MHz is smaller than the receiver noise floor.
description: Accepted for publication in Experimental Astronomy; 22 pages, 11 figures
The Life of a Vortex Knot
Creators: name: Kleckner, Dustin
name: Scheeler, Martin
name: Irvine, William T. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The idea that the knottedness (hydrodynamic Helicity) of a fluid flow is conserved has a long history in fluid mechanics. The quintessential example of a knotted flow is a knotted vortex filament, however, owing to experimental difficulties, it has not been possible until recently to directly generate knotted vortices in real fluids. Using 3D printed hydrofoils and high-speed laser scanning tomography, we generate vortex knots and links and measure their subsequent evolution. In both cases, we find that the vortices deform and stretch until a series of vortex reconnections occurs, eventually resulting several disjoint vortex rings. This article accompanies a fluid dynamics video entered into the Gallery of Fluid Motion at the 66th Annual Meeting of the APS Division of Fluid Dynamics.
description: Videos are included; this submission is part of the DFD Gallery of Fluid Motion
Tailoring defects and nanocrystal transformation for optimal heating power in bimagnetic $Co_yFe_{1-y}O@Co_xFe_{3-x}O_4$ particles
Creators: name: Antonaropoulos, George
name: Vasilakaki, Marianna
name: Trohidou, Kalliopi N.
name: Iannotti, Vincenzo
name: Ausanio, Giovanni
name: Abeykoon, Milinda
name: Bozin, Emil S.
name: Lappas, Alexandros
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The effects of cobalt incorporation in spherical heterostructured iron oxide nanocrystals (NCs) of sub-critical size have been explored by colloidal chemistry methods. Synchrotron X-ray total scattering methods suggest that cobalt (Co) substitution in rock salt iron oxide NCs tends to remedy its vacant iron sites, offering a higher degree of resistance to oxidative conversion. Self-passivation still creates a spinel-like shell, but with higher volume fraction of the rock salt Co-containing phase in the core. The higher divalent metal stoichiometry in the rock salt phase, with increasing Co content, results in a population of unoccupied tetrahedral metal sites in the spinel part, likely through oxidative shell creation, involving an ordered defect-clustering mechanism, directly correlated to the core stabilization. To shed light on the effects of Co-substitution and atomic-scale defects (vacant sites), Monte Carlo simulations suggest that designed NCs, with desirable, enhanced magnetic properties (cf. exchange bias and coercivity), are developed with magnetocrystalline anisotropy raised at relatively low content of Co ions in the lattice. Growth of optimally performing candidates combines also a strongly exchange-coupled system, secured through a high volumetric ratio rock salt phase, interfaced by a not so defective spinel shell. In view of these requirements, Specific Absorption Rate (SAR) calculations demonstrate that the sufficiently protected from oxidation rock salt core and preserved over time heterostructure, play a key role in magnetically-mediated heating efficacies, for potential use of such NCs in magnetic hyperthermia applications.
description: Main text of 23 pages, 12 Figures. Supplementary Information of 17 pages, 9 Figures, 4 Tables
title: Zur Kritik der in Frankfurt a. M. eingegangenen Schutzzoll-Petitionen; [1849]
title: (Aus der Deutschen Allgemeinen Zeitung) ; Chemnitz, den 9. Februar
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: (:Unav)
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
Year: 2018

description: Kopftitel. - Vorlageform des Erscheinungsvermerks: Gedruckt in der Langhoff'schen Buchdruckerei. - Erscheinungsort und -jahr ermittelt
Richard Weiss-Steinbrüchel zum Gedenken (1907-1962)
Creators: name: Meyer, Werner
name: Hotzenköcherle, R.
name: Tanner, Fritz
name: Möckli, M.
name: Staiger, Emil
Publisher: name: [Verlag nicht ermittelbar]
Year: 1962
Subjects: subject: 390 Bräuche, Etikette, Folklore
subject: 920 Biografien, Genealogie, Insignien
subject: Weiss, Richard
subject: Nachruf
subject: Stuttgart
subject: Zürich

description: Inhalt: Nachrufe von Professor Dr. R. Hotzenköcherle, Dr. Fritz Tanner ; Lebenslauf (von) M. Möckli ; Erinnerungen an Richard Weiss (von) Professor Dr. Emil Staiger
Establishing legal limits for driving under the influence of marijuana
Creators: name: Wong, Kristin
name: Brady, Joanne E.
name: Li, Guohua
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2014
Subjects: Epidemiology

description: Marijuana has become the most commonly detected non-alcohol substance among drivers in the United States and Europe. Use of marijuana has been shown to impair driving performance and increase crash risk. Due to the lack of standardization in assessing marijuana-induced impairment and limitations of zero tolerance legislation, more jurisdictions are adopting per se laws by specifying a legal limit of Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) at or above which drivers are prosecuted for driving under the influence of marijuana. This review examines major considerations when developing these threshold THC concentrations and specifics of legal THC limits for drivers adopted by different jurisdictions in the United States and other countries.
Scalar products in models with GL(3) trigonometric R-matrix. Highest coefficient
Creators: name: Pakuliak, S.
name: Ragoucy, E.
name: Slavnov, N. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 82B23, 81R50, 81R12

description: We study quantum integrable models with GL(3) trigonometric R-matrix solvable by the nested algebraic Bethe ansatz. Scalar products of Bethe vectors in such models can be expressed in terms of a bilinear combination of the highest coefficients. We show that in the models with GL(3) trigonometric R-matrix there exist two different highest coefficients. We obtain various representations for them in terms of sums over partitions. We also prove several important properties of the highest coefficients, which are necessary for the evaluation of the scalar products.
description: 27 pages
title: In der am 21. d. M. stattgefundenen Plenar-Versammlung des deutschen Vereins wurden folgende Adressen beschlossen; [1849]
title: 1. An die Frankfurter Nationalversammlung ... 2) An das österreichische Ministerium ... ; Prag, den 21. Februar 1849
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: (:Unav)
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
Year: 2018

description: Kopftitel. - Vorlageform des Erscheinungsvermerks (am unteren Seitenrand): Buchdruckerei des M. H. Landau in Prag
On the index-conjecture of length four minimal zero-sum sequences II
Creators: name: Shen, Caixia
name: Xia, Li-meng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Let $G$ be a finite cyclic group. Every sequence $S$ over $G$ can be written in the form $S=(n_1g)\cdot...\cdot(n_lg)$ where $g\in G$ and $n_1,\cdots,n_l\in[1,{\hbox{\rm ord}}(g)]$, and the index $\ind S$ of $S$ is defined to be the minimum of $(n_1+\cdots+n_l)/\hbox{\rm ord}(g)$ over all possible $g\in G$ such that $\langle g\rangle=G$. A conjecture says that if $G$ is finite such that $\gcd(|G|,6)=1$, then $\ind(S)=1$ for every minimal zero-sum sequence $S$. In this paper, we prove that the conjecture holds if $S$ is reduced and the (A1) condition is satisfied(see [19]).
description: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1303.1682, arXiv:1303.1676 by other authors
Enhanced thermoelectric properties in phosphorene nanorings
Creators: name: Borojeni, Fatemeh Moghadasi
name: Sisakht, Esmaeil Taghizadeh
name: Fazileh, Farhad
name: Peeters, F. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using the tight-binding approach, we investigate the thermoelectric (TE) properties of rectangular phosphorene nanorings for both symmetrically and asymmetrically attaching to phosphorene nanoribbon leads. We design our phosphorene-based nanostructures to enhance the TE performance in the absence and the presence of perpendicular magnetic fields. Our results show that when zigzag phosphorene nanoribbons (ZPNRs) are coupled symmetrically to rectangular rings, a comparatively large band gap is induced in the electronic conductance due to the suppression of the contribution of edge states. This gives rise to a remarkable increase in the thermopower response compared to the case of pristine ZPNRs. More intriguingly, we found that though the maximum power factor in this system is about the same as the one for its ZPNR counterpart, the much smaller electronic thermal conductance of this phosphorene-based nanostructure can remarkably contribute to the improvement of the figure of merit. Also, we found that the symmetry/asymmetry of our designed nanostructures, the geometrical characteristics of the ring, and the magnetic flux are three important factors that control the thermoelectric properties of phosphorene quantum rings. Our numerical calculations show that by changing the magnetic flux through the nanoring, a drastic increase in the thermopower is observed near an antiresonance point. We demonstrate the tunability of the thermopower and the possibility to switch on and off the TE response of phosphorene nanorings with the magnetic flux. Moreover, for asymmetric connection configurations with armchair-edged leads, we found that though the thermopower is almost intact, a remarkable reduction of the electronic thermal conductance can lead to a notable improvement in the figure of merit. Our results suggest phosphorene nanorings as promising candidate nanostructures for TE applications.
Knieling, Reiner; Ruffing, Andreas (Hrsg.): Männerspezifische Bibelauslegung
Creators: name: Hüttinger, Martin
Publisher: name: Werkstatt Schwule Theologie
Year: 1970

description: Werkstatt Schwule Theologie, Bd. 16 (2013): Werkstatt Schwule Theologie, Band 16
Electronically Driven Fragmentation of Silver Nanocrystals Revealed by Ultrafast Electron Crystallography
Creators: name: Raman, Ramani K.
name: Murdick, Ryan A.
name: Worhatch, Richard J.
name: Murooka, Yoshie
name: Mahanti, Subhendra D.
name: Han, Tzong-Ru T.
name: Ruan, Chong-Yu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report an ultrafast electron diffraction study of silver nanocrystals under surface plasmon resonance excitation, leading to a concerted fragmentation. By examining simultaneously transient structural, thermal, and Coulombic signatures of the prefragmented state, an electronically driven nonthermal fragmentation scenario is proposed.
description: 5 figures
title: An die österreichischen Abgeordneten in der deutschen Nationalversammlung zu Frankfurt; [1849]
title: [Beschlossen in der General-Versammlung des neuen vaterländischen Vereins in Mannheim am 24. März 1849]
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: (:Unav)
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
Year: 2018

description: Kopftitel
Diaspora
Creators: name: Bandau, Anja
Publisher: name: Berlin ; Boston : De Gruyter
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Flucht
subject: Migration
subject: Asyl
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::900 | Geschichte und Geografie::940 | Geschichte Europas::943 | Geschichte Mitteleuropas; Deutschlands
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::400 | Sprache, Linguistik
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::300 | Sozialwissenschaften, Soziologie, Anthropologie

description: [No abstract available]
Spatial applications of Markov random fields and neural networks for spatio-temporal denoising, causal inference and reinforcement learning
Creators: name: García Tec, Mauricio Benjamín
name: 0000-0002-1853-5842
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 2022
Subjects: Spatial statistics
Neural networks
Markov random fields
Causal inference
Graph smoothing
Reinforcement learning

description: Discrete spatial structures are ubiquitous in statistical analysis. They can take the form of images, grids, and more generally, graphs. This work develops novel methodology leading to broadly applicable algorithms of graph smoothing and neural newtorks to improve statistical learning in a variety of tasks and spatially-structured domains, including temporal and sequential decision-making processes. Thus, each chapter corresponds to a case study with applications in spatio-temporal denoising, causal inference, and reinforcement learning. Graph smoothing methods are used in all of them and their effectiveness is evaluated. In addition, some chapters develop more specialized methods that further exploit the spatial and statistical structure of the data. One of the objectives sustained throughout the work will be developing scalable algorithms to handle high-resolution spatial data or other computationally demanding scenarios.
Epochal changes in the association between malaria epidemics and El Niño in Sri Lanka
Creators: name: Zubair, Lareef
name: Galappaththy, Gawrie
name: Yang, Hyemin
name: Chandimala, Janaki
name: Yahiya, Zeenas
name: Amerasinghe, Priyanie
name: Ward, Neil
name: Connor, Stephen J.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2008
Subjects: Malaria--Epidemiology
Malaria--Environmental aspects
Public health

description: El Niño events were suggested as a potential predictor for malaria epidemics in Sri Lanka based on the coincidence of nine out of 16 epidemics with El Niño events from 1870 to 1945. Here the potential for the use of El Niño predictions to anticipate epidemics was examined using enhanced climatic and epidemiological data from 1870 to 2000. The epidemics start years were identified by the National Malaria Control Programme and verified against epidemiological records for consistency. Monthly average rainfall climatologies were estimated for epidemic and non-epidemic years; as well El Niño, Neutral and La Niña climatic phases. The relationship between El Niño indices and epidemics was examined to identify 'epochs' of consistent association. The statistical significance of the association between El Niño and epidemics for different epochs was characterized. The changes in the rainfall-El Niño relationships over the decade were examined using running windowed correlations. The anomalies in rainfall climatology during El Niño events for different epochs were compared. The relationship between El Niño and epidemics from 1870 to 1927 was confirmed. The anomalies in monthly average rainfall during El Niño events resembled the anomalies in monthly average rainfall during epidemics during this period. However, the relationship between El Niño and epidemics broke down from 1928 to 1980. Of the three epidemics in these six decades, only one coincided with an El Niño. Not only did this relationship breakdown but epidemics were more likely to occur in periods with a La Niña tendency. After 1980, three of four epidemics coincided with El Niño. The breakdown of the association between El Niño and epidemics after 1928 is likely due to an epochal change in the El Niño-rainfall relationship in Sri Lanka around the 1930's. It is unlikely that this breakdown is due to the insecticide spraying programme that began in 1945 since the breakdown started in 1928. Nor does it explain the occurrence of epidemics during La Niña phase from 1928 to 1980. Although there has been renewed coincidence with El Niño after 1980, this record is too short for establishing a reliable relationship.
title: Kritik der Kritik, welche die englische Freihandelspartei über die in Frankfurt eingegangenen Schutzzoll-Petitionen der Nationalversammlung aus der Deutschen Allgemeinen Zeitung vorgelegt hat; [1849]
title: [Frankfurt a. M., 15. Februar 1849]
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Eisenstuck, Bernhard
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
Year: 2018

description: Kopftitel. - In Fraktur
Optical Switching in Tb/Co-Multilayer Based Nanoscale Magnetic Tunnel Junctions
Creators: name: Mondal, Sucheta
name: Polley, Debanjan
name: Pattabi, Akshay
name: Chatterjee, Jyotirmoy
name: Salomoni, David
name: Aviles-Felix, Luis
name: Olivier, Aurélien
name: Rubio-Roy, Miguel
name: Diény, Bernard
name: Prejbeanu, Liliana Daniela Buda
name: Sousa, Ricardo
name: Prejbeanu, Ioan Lucian
name: Bokor, Jeffrey
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Magnetic tunnel junctions (MTJs) are elementary units of magnetic memory devices. For high-speed and low-power data storage and processing applications, fast reversal by an ultrashort laser pulse is extremely important. We demonstrate optical switching of Tb/Comultilayer-based nanoscale MTJs by combining optical writing and electrical read-out methods. A 90 fs-long laser pulse switches the magnetization of the storage layer (SL). The change in magnetoresistance between the SL and a reference layer (RL) is probed electrically across the tunnel barrier. Single-shot switching is demonstrated by varying the cell diameter from 300 nm to 20 nm. The anisotropy, magnetostatic coupling, and switching probability exhibit cell-size dependence. By suitable association of laser fluence and magnetic field, successive commutation between high-resistance and low-resistance states is achieved. The switching dynamics in a continuous film is probed with the magneto-optical Kerr effect technique. Our experimental findings provide strong support for the growing interest in ultrafast spintronic devices.
description: total pages 22, Total figure 8
On the Higgs spectra of the 3-3-1 model with the sextet of scalars engendering the type II seesaw mechanism
Creators: name: Pinheiro, Joao Paulo
name: Pires, C. A. de S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the 3-3-1 model with right-handed neutrinos, three triplets of scalars engender the correct sequence of symmetry breaking, $SU(3)_C \times SU(3)_L \times U(1)_X \rightarrow SU(3)_C \times SU(2)_L \times U(1)_Y \rightarrow SU(3)_C \times U(1)_{EM}$, generating mass for all fermions, except neutrinos. Tiny neutrino masses may be achieved by adding one sextet of scalars to the original scalar content. As consequence, it emerges a very complex scalar sector, involving terms that violate lepton number explicitly, too. The main obstacle to the development of the phenomenology of such scenario is the knowledge of its spectrum of scalars since, now, there are 15 massive scalar particles on it. The proposal of this work is to do an exhaustive analysis of such scalar sector with lepton number being explicitly violated at low, electroweak and high energy scales by means of trilinear terms in the potential. The first case can be addressed analytically and, as a nice result, we have observed that the scalar content of such case is split into two categories: One belonging to the 331 energy scale and the other belonging to the EWSB energy scale, with the last recovering the well known THDM+triplet. For the other cases, the scalar sector can be addressed only numerically. Hence, we proposed a very general approach for the numerical study of the potential, avoiding simplifications that can make us reach conclusions without foundation. We show that, in the case of lepton number being explicitly violated at electroweak scale, it is possible to recover the same physics of the THDM+triplet, as the previous case. Among all the possibilities, we call the attention to one special case which generates the 3HDM+triplet scenario. For the last case, when lepton number is violated at high energy scale, the sextet become very massive and decouples from the original scalar content of the 3-3-1 model.
title: Vier Artikel über die Leistungen des Reichs-Marineministers Duckwitz; [1849]
title: [Hamburg, den 28. März 1849]
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: (:Unav)
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
Year: 2018

description: Aus: Hamburger Börsenhalle-Liste, 1849
Quasi-particle spectra, absorption spectra, and excitonic properties of sodium iodide and strontium iodide from many-body perturbation theory
Creators: name: Erhart, P.
name: Schleife, A.
name: Sadigh, B.
name: Åberg, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the basic quantum mechanical processes behind non-proportional response of scintillators to incident radiation responsible for reduced resolution. For this purpose, we conduct a comparative first principles study of quasiparticle spectra on the basis of the $G_0W_0$ approximation as well as absorption spectra and excitonic properties by solving the Bethe-Salpeter equation for two important systems, NaI and SrI$_2$. The former is a standard scintillator material with well-documented non-proportionality while the latter has recently been found to exhibit a very proportional response. We predict band gaps for NaI and SrI$_2$ of 5.5 and 5.2 eV, respectively, in good agreement with experiment. Furthermore, we obtain binding energies for the groundstate excitons of 216 meV for NaI and 195$\pm$25 meV for SrI$_2$. We analyze the degree of exciton anisotropy and spatial extent by means of a coarse-grained electron-hole pair-correlation function. Thereby, it is shown that the excitons in NaI differ strongly from those in SrI$_2$ in terms of structure and symmetry, even if their binding energies are similar. Furthermore, we show that quite unexpectedly the spatial extents of the highly anisotropic low-energy excitons in SrI$_2$ in fact exceed those in NaI by a factor of two to three in terms of the full width at half maxima of the electron-hole pair-correlation function.
description: 10 pages, 9 figures
title: The University of Strathclyde summer experience : the impact of a widening access residential summer programme for children in care
Creators: name: Mitchell, Iain
Publisher: name: Strathprints - University of Strathclyde
Year: 2013

description: The Innovative Routes to Learning (IRL) unit at the University of Strathclyde ran a three-day on-campus residential programme for children from a looked after (care) background from three Glasgow City Council schools during summer 2013, designed to build pupils' academic confidence and raise their awareness of and aspiration to progress on to university. Evaluation of the programme shows very positive results in a number of areas, including pupils' aspirations and confidence to undertake university-level study, pupils' knowledge of higher education, and attitude towards school-work. Participants also benefitted greatly from working with student mentors and other young people from different areas. In order to maximise the benefits of such programmes it is important to bear in mind issues around correct targeting of participants, effective communication between stakeholders and ensuring the programme is set within an extended, co-ordinated programme of support.
Effects of Different Strengths of Disfluency on Mind Wandering During Reading
Creators: name: Steindorf, Lena
name: Mueller, Marlene
name: Rummel, Jan
name: Tietz, Steffen
Publisher: name: OSF Registries
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Cognitive Psychology
subject: Cognition and Perception
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: This project aims to investigate the relationship between perceptual disfluency and mind wandering during reading.
Resonant Anomaly Detection with Multiple Reference Datasets
Creators: name: Chen, Mayee F.
name: Nachman, Benjamin
name: Sala, Frederic
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: An important class of techniques for resonant anomaly detection in high energy physics builds models that can distinguish between reference and target datasets, where only the latter has appreciable signal. Such techniques, including Classification Without Labels (CWoLa) and Simulation Assisted Likelihood-free Anomaly Detection (SALAD) rely on a single reference dataset. They cannot take advantage of commonly-available multiple datasets and thus cannot fully exploit available information. In this work, we propose generalizations of CWoLa and SALAD for settings where multiple reference datasets are available, building on weak supervision techniques. We demonstrate improved performance in a number of settings with realistic and synthetic data. As an added benefit, our generalizations enable us to provide finite-sample guarantees, improving on existing asymptotic analyses.
Self-Sealing Shells: Blowouts and Blisters on the Surfaces of Leaky Wind-Blown-Bubbles and Supernova Remnants
Creators: name: Pittard, Julian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Blowouts can occur when a dense shell confining hot, high pressure, gas ruptures. The venting gas inflates a blister on the surface of the shell. Here we examine the growth of such blisters on the surfaces of wind-blown-bubbles (WBBs) and supernova remnants (SNRs) due to shell rupture caused by the Vishniac instability. On WBBs the maximum relative size of the blister (R_bstall/R) is found to grow linearly with time, but in many cases the blister radius will not exceed 20 per cent of the bubble radius. Thus blowouts initiated by the Vishniac instability are unlikely to have a major effect on the global dynamics and properties of the bubble. The relative size of blisters on SNRs is even smaller than on WBBs, with blisters only growing to a radius comparable to the thickness of the cold shell of SNRs. The small size of the SNR blowouts is, however, in good agreement with observations of blisters in the Vela SNR. The difference in relative size between WBB and SNR blisters is due to the much higher speed at which gas vents out of WBBs, which translates into a greater energy flux through a rupture of a given size from interior gas of a given pressure. Larger blisters are possible if shell ruptures are bigger than expected. We expect the observed velocity structure of SNR shells to be affected by the presence of blisters until the shell is no longer susceptible to ruptures, since the initial expansion of blisters is faster than the ongoing expansion of the shell.
description: 15 pages, 7 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
title: Aufgehen oder Fortbestehen?; [1848]
title: Als Lebensfrage für jeden Bewohner der bedeutenden Einzelstaaten Deutschlands dargestellt bei Gelegenheit einer nähern Beleuchtung der "Betrachtungen über die neue Verfassung Deutschlands und deren Ausführung" vom K. B. Ministerialrath W. Weber
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: (:Unav)
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
Year: 2018

description: Kopftitel. - Vorlageform des Erscheinungsvermerks: Zu haben in der Expedition des "Gradaus" Färbergraben Nro. 29.
Anharmonic lattice dynamics via the special displacement method
Creators: name: Zacharias, Marios
name: Volonakis, George
name: Giustino, Feliciano
name: Even, Jacky
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: On the basis of the self-consistent phonon theory and the special displacement method, we develop an approach for the treatment of anharmonicity in solids. We show that this approach enables the efficient calculation of temperature-dependent anharmonic phonon dispersions, requiring very few steps to achieve minimization of the system's free energy. We demonstrate this methodology in the regime of strongly anharmonic materials which exhibit a multi-well potential energy surface, like cubic SrTiO$_3$, CsPbBr$_3$, CsPbI$_3$, CsSnI$_3$, and Zr. Our results are in good agreement with experiments and previous first-principles studies relying on stochastic nonperturbative and molecular dynamics simulations. We achieve a very robust workflow by using harmonic phonons of the polymorphous ground state as the starting point and an iterative mixing scheme of the dynamical matrix. We also suggest that the phonons of the polymorphous ground state might provide an excellent starting approximation to explore anharmonicity. Given the simplicity, efficiency, and stability of the present treatment to anharmonicity, it is especially suitable for use with any electronic structure code and for investigating electron-phonon couplings in strongly anharmonic systems.
description: 10 figures
The roles of audiologists and speech-language pathologists in primary healthcare teams: a scoping review protocol
Creators: name: Carey, Anne
name: Springer, Kristina
name: Orange, Joseph B.
name: M Kathleen Pichora-Fuller
name: Glista, Danielle
name: Marson, Alanna
name: Moodie, Sheila
name: Cooke, Bonnie
name: Pfingstgraef, Kate
Publisher: name: OSF Registries
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Other Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: Communication Sciences and Disorders
subject: Audiology
subject: Family Physicians
subject: Primary Care Teams
subject: Speech-Language Pathology

description: To gather, summarize, and synthesize evidence around the roles of audiologists and speech-language pathologists in comprehensive interprofessional primary care teams.
The Plastic and Liquid Phases of CCl$_3$Br Studied by Molecular Dynamics Simulations
Creators: name: Caballero, Nirvana
name: Zuriaga, Mariano
name: Carignano, Marcelo
name: Serra, Pablo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a molecular dynamics study of the liquid and plastic crystalline phases of CCl$_3$Br. We investigated the short-range orientational order using a recently developed classification method and we found that both phases behave in a very similar way. The only differences occur at very short molecular separations, which are shown to be very rare. The rotational dynamics was explored using time correlation functions of the molecular bonds. We found that the relaxation dynamics corresponds to an isotropic diffusive mode for the liquid phase, but departs from this behavior as the temperature is decreased and the system transitions into the plastic phase.
description: 17 pages, 9 figures, 3 tables
Teleportation with Multiple Accelerated Partners
Creators: name: Sagheer, Alaa
name: Hamdoun, Hala
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: As the current revolution in communication is underway, quantum teleportation can increase the level of security in quantum communication applications. In this paper, we present a quantum teleportation procedure that capable to teleport either accelerated or non-accelerated information through different quantum channels. These quantum chan- nels are based on accelerated multi-qubit states, where each qubit of each of these channels represent a partner. Namely, these states are the the W state, Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger (GHZ) state, and the GHZ-like state. Here, we show that the fidelity of teleporting acceler- ated information is higher than the fidelity of teleporting non-accelerated information, both through a quantum channel that is based on accelerated state. Also, the comparison among the performance of these three channels shows that the degree of fidelity depends on type of the used channel, type of the measurement, and value of the acceleration. The result of comparison concludes that teleporting information through channel that is based on the GHZ state is more robust than teleporting information through channels that are based on the other two states. For future work, the proposed procedure can be generalized later to achieve communication through a wider quantum network.
description: 12 pages, 4 figures, 3 tables