cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Experimental study of the isospin transport with 40,48 Ca+ 40,48 Ca reactions at 35 MeV/nucleon
Creators: name: Fable, Q.
name: Chbihi, A.
name: Frankland, J. D.
name: Napolitani, P.
name: Verde, G.
name: Bonnet, E.
name: Borderie, B.
name: Bougault, R.
name: Galichet, E.
name: Génard, T.
name: Gruyer, Diego D.
name: Henri, M.
name: La Commara, Marco
name: Fèvre, A. Le
name: Lemarié, J.
name: Neindre, Nicolas Le
name: Lopez, Olivier
name: Pârlog, M.
name: Rebillard-Soulié, A.
name: Vient, E.
name: Vigilante, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the isospin transport with 40,48 Ca+ 40,48 Ca reactions at 35 MeV/nucleon, measured with the coupling of the VAMOS high acceptance spectrometer and the INDRA charged particle multidetector. Using the quasi-projectile remnant measured with VAMOS and carefully selected light-charged-particles measured in coincidence with INDRA, a reconstruction method is applied to estimate the excited quasi-projectile (QP) on an event-by-event basis. The isospin diffusion is investigated using the isospin transport ratio with the asymmetry $δ$ = (N -- Z)/A of the projectile as an isospin-sensitive observable and the total transverse energy of Z $\le$ 2 nuclei for experimental centrality sorting. The experimental isospin transport ratios present, for both the reconstructed QP and its remnant, a clear evolution towards isospin equilibration with increasing dissipation of the collision while the full equilibration is not reached. A smoother evolution with less discrepancies between the two mixed systems in the case of the reconstructed QP is also observed. The isospin migration is investigated using the neutron-to-proton ratio of the light-charged-clusters and the velocity of the QP remnant as a sorting parameter. More particularly, we focused on an angular region centered around the mid-rapidity of the reaction so as to characterize the low-density neck emissions. A systematic neutron-enrichment is observed and interpreted as a consequence of isospin migration, more particularly for the symmetric systems which present no isospin gradient between the projectile and the target. We also noticed that the ^{2}H and ^{4}He particles exhibit very close multiplicities independently of the sorting variable for the symmetric systems.
Non-perturbative computation of lattice correlation functions by differential equations
Creators: name: Gasparotto, Federico
name: Rapakoulias, Andreas
name: Weinzierl, Stefan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that methods developed in the context of perturbative calculations can be transferred to non-perturbative calculations. We demonstrate that correlation functions on the lattice can be computed with the method of differential equations, supplemented with techniques from twisted cohomology. We derive differential equations for the variation with the coupling or -- more generally -- with the parameters of the action. Already simple examples show that the differential equation with respect to the coupling has an essential singularity at zero coupling and a regular singularity at infinite coupling. The properties of the differential equation at zero coupling can be used to prove that the perturbative series is only an asymptotic series.
description: 6 pages, v2: version to be published
Bremsstrahlung as a probe of baryon stopping in heavy-ion collisions
Creators: name: Nese, Sigurd
name: Nystrand, Joakim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In collisions between heavy ions at ultra-relativistic energies the participating protons lose energy, which is converted into new particles. As the protons slow down, they emit bremsstrahlung radiation. The yield and angular distribution of the emitted radiation are sensitive probes of how much energy the incoming protons have lost. In this paper, the spectrum of bremsstrahlung radiation is calculated for different stopping scenarios, and the results are compared with the expected yield of photons from hadronic interactions.
description: 15 pages, 5 figures. Added one reference and one figure. Corrected a few typos
The distinctions between the electrical conductivities under non-contact and contact current excitation in spin-split two-dimensional conductors
Creators: name: Kopeliovich, A. I.
name: Pyshkin, P. V.
name: Kalinenko, A. N.
name: Yanovsky, A. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is shown that the normal electron-electron scattering is a source of electrical resistance on non-contact current excitation in two-dimensional spin-split electron systems. In contrast to the contact current injection, non-contact current excitation causes spatially inhomogeneous polarization in a two-dimensional conductor leading to new resistivity mechanisms.
Not by g alone: The benefits of a college education among individuals with low levels of general cognitive ability
Creators: name: Willoughby, Emily
name: McGue, Matt
name: Lee, James
name: Giannelis, Alexandros
name: Anderson, Elise
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences

description: In a longitudinal sample of 2593 individuals, we investigated the extent to which individuals with IQs ≤ 90 completed college and when they did whether they experienced the same social and economic benefits of higher-IQ individuals who completed college. We found that while the majority of individuals with IQs ≤ 90 did not have a college degree, approximately one in three women and one in five men did. Importantly, the magnitude of the college effect on occupational status, income, financial independence and law abidingness was independent of IQ level, a finding we replicated using the longitudinal NLSY97 sample. Additional analysis suggested that the association of college with occupational status was causal and that the educational success of individuals with low average IQs may depend on personality factors, family socioeconomic status and genetic endowment. We discuss our finding in the context of the recent expansion in college attainment as well as the relative dearth of research on individuals with low average IQs.
Optical/$γ$-ray blazar flare correlations: understanding the high-energy emission process using ASAS-SN and Fermi light curves
Creators: name: de Jaeger, T.
name: Shappee, B. J.
name: Kochanek, C. S.
name: Hinkle, J. T.
name: Garrappa, S.
name: Liodakis, I.
name: Franckowiak, A.
name: Stanek, K. Z.
name: Beacom, J. F.
name: Prieto, J. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using blazar light curves from the optical All-Sky Automated Survey for Supernovae (ASAS-SN) and the $γ$-ray \textit{Fermi}-LAT telescope, we performed the most extensive statistical correlation study between both bands, using a sample of 1,180 blazars. This is almost an order of magnitude larger than other recent studies. Blazars represent more than 98\% of the AGNs detected by \textit{Fermi}-LAT and are the brightest $γ$-ray sources in the extragalactic sky. They are essential for studying the physical properties of astrophysical jets from central black holes. However, their $γ$-ray flare mechanism is not fully understood. Multi-wavelength correlations help constrain the dominant mechanisms of blazar variability. We search for temporal relationships between optical and $γ$-ray bands. Using a Bayesian Block Decomposition, we detect 1414 optical and 510 $γ$-ray flares, we find a strong correlation between both bands. Among all the flares, we find 321 correlated flares from 133 blazars, and derive an average rest-frame time delay of only 1.1$_{-8.5}^{+7.1}$ days, with no difference between the flat-spectrum radio quasars, BL Lacertae-like objects or low, intermediate, and high-synchrotron peaked blazar classes. Our time-delay limit rules out the hadronic proton-synchrotron model as the driver for non-orphan flares and suggests a leptonic single-zone model. Limiting our search to well-defined light curves and removing 976 potential but unclear ``orphan'' flares, we find 191 (13\%) and 115 (22\%) clear ``orphan'' optical and $γ$-ray flares. The presence of ``orphan'' flares in both bands challenges the standard one-zone blazar flare leptonic model and suggests multi-zone synchrotron sites or a hadronic model for some blazars.
description: 30 pages (16 of appendix), 7 figures, 2 tables, Accepted for publication in MNRAS
A multiscale model of distributed fracture and permeability in solids in all-round compression
Creators: name: De Bellis, Maria Laura
name: Della Vecchia, Gabriele
name: Ortiz, Michael
name: Pandolfi, Anna
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a microstructural model of permeability in fractured solids, where the fractures are described in terms of recursive families of parallel, equidistant cohesive faults. Faults originate upon the attainment of a tensile or shear resistance in the undamaged material. Secondary faults may form in a hierarchical orga- nization, creating a complex network of connected fractures that modify the permeability of the solid. The undamaged solid may possess initial porosity and permeability. The particular geometry of the superposed micro-faults lends itself to an explicit analytical quantification of the porosity and permeability of the dam- aged material. The approach is particularly appealing as a means of modeling low permeability oil and gas reservoirs stimulated by hydraulic fracturing.
An investigation on China’s NGOs in urban heritage preservation
Creators: name: Xu, Qiuyin
name: Zhang, Tianjie
name: Zhang, Yuwei
Publisher: name: International Planning History Society Proceedings
Year: 2018

description: As for China’s urban heritage preservation, besides the top-down actors, some non-governmental organizations have emerged and started to play increasingly noticeable parts. The paper accordingly explores China's increasingly pluralistic situation in urban heritage preservation, and reveals the roles of these non-governmental players. The paper selects Tianjin Memory as a specific case, and elucidates its developments and transformations from 2006 to the present via documental research, in-depth interviews and internet big data analyses. Informed by internal ecological relationship analyses, the paper divides its development process into four main stages: start, rapid development, differentiation and reorganization. Each stage is examined from six factors, i.e. human resources, structure and management, finance, social resources, products and achievements, based on NGOs’ influence evaluation in sociology. The research further identifies the main limitations and challenges for Tianjin Memory. As a part of the discussions about China’s current pluralistic urbanism, this paper brings forwards some suggestions for a healthy and sustainable future of Tianjin Memory and other similar NGOs in China.
description: International Planning History Society Proceedings, Vol. 18 No. 1 (2018): Looking at the World History of Planning
Attitudes of Communication Partners Toward AAC Users
Creators: name: Lobur, Julia
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2007

description: The purpose of the current study was to investigate the relationship between the attitudes of communication partners of augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) users and device voice output (specifically the Tango! and DV4). Also, the study examined the relationship between attitudes and age of the communication partner of the AAC user. Six children, twenty-five pre-service Speech-Language Pathologists, and four in-service Speech- Language Pathologists familiar with AAC watched videos of an interaction between a child using AAC to communication with an adult. Following the videos, each participant responded to an attitude scale questionnaire. No significant effect was found for the child participant attitudes toward the Tango! and DV4. However, significant results were found between the devices for pre-service adults, in-service adults, and adults as a whole. Recommendations and clinical implications are suggested.
Spectrum, Lifshitz transitions and orbital currents in frustrated fermionic ladders with a uniform flux
Creators: name: Beradze, Bachana
name: Nersesyan, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Ultracold Fermi gases with synthetic gauge field represent an excellent platform to study the combined effect of lattice frustration and an effective magnetic flux close to one flux quantum per particle. The minimal theoretical model to accomplish this task is a system of spinless noninteracting fermions on a triangular two-chain flux ladder. In this paper we consider this model close to half-filling, with interchain hopping amplitudes alternating along the zigzag bonds of the ladder and being small. In such setting qualitative changes in the ground state properties of the model, most notably the flux-induced topological Lifshitz transitions are shifted towards the values of the flux per a diatomic plaquette ($f$) close to the flux quantum ($f\sim 1/2$). Geometrical frustration of the lattice breaks the $k \to π- k$ particle-hole spectral symmetry present in non-frustrated ladders, and leads to splitting of the degeneracies at metal-insulator transitions. A remarkable feature of a translationally invariant triangular ladder is the appearance of isolated Dirac node at the Brillouin zone boundary, rendering the ground state at $f=1/2$ semi-metallic. We calculate the flux dependence of the orbital current and identify Lifshitz critical points by the singularities in this dependence at a constant chemical potential $μ$ and constant particle density $ρ$. The absence of the particle-hole symmetry in the triangular ladder leads to the asymmetry between particle ($ρ>1$) and hole ($ρ<1$) doping and to qualitatively different results for the phase diagram, Lifshitz points and the flux dependence of the orbital current in the settings $ρ={\rm const}$ and $μ={\rm const}$.
description: 14 pages, 13 figures
Improved Gauge-Unfixing Formalism through a Prototypical Second-Class System
Creators: name: Neto, Jorge Ananias
name: Morais, Widervan de Deus
name: Thibes, Ronaldo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We contextualize the improved gauge-unfixing (GU) formalism within a rather general prototypical second-class system, obtaining a corresponding first-class equivalent description enjoying gauge invariance which can be applied to several situations. The prototypical system is chosen to represent a considerable class of relevant models in field theory. By considering the improved version of the GU formalism, we show that any gauge-invariant function can be obtained in terms of a specific deformation in phase space, benefiting thus from the fact that no auxiliary variables are needed in the process. In this way, the resulting converted first-class system is constructed out of the same original canonical variables, preserving the number of degrees of freedom. We illustrate the technique with an application to the nonlinear sigma model.
Designing the Chinese post-Imperial capitals in correspondence of political chances
Creators: name: Bona, Domenica
Publisher: name: International Planning History Society Proceedings
Year: 2018

description: With a historical and morphological approach, this paper marks the correlation between the critical junctures occurred in China from 1911 to 1958 and the new planning proposals for the modern capital cities rebuilt at that time, Nanjing and Beijing. This paper assumes that the modern breaking points of Chinese history have the key role in reshaping the urban landscape as in the past. From this perspective, the research assumes an ‘interpretative morphological approach’ based on the comparison of the case studies. Stressing the attention on the planning features of each proposal, it is possible to highlight, firstly, the way new plans reproduce the classic patterns and override them in accordance with the political ideals and propaganda meanings that architecture and urbanism are supposed to embody; secondly, a constant application of traditional forms and urban patterns, by citation and reinterpretation. These two orders of results could eventually prove that reactionary and revolutionary political forces are influenced by the same atavistic rhetorical frameworks when they come to draw the spatial palimpsest of their power. Thus, each critical juncture is a new testing ground for the resistance of those recurring planning features in the present days as in the past.
description: International Planning History Society Proceedings, Vol. 18 No. 1 (2018): Looking at the World History of Planning
TESS Giants Transiting Giants III: An eccentric warm Jupiter supports a period-eccentricity relation for giant planets transiting evolved stars
Creators: name: Grunblatt, Samuel K.
name: Saunders, Nicholas
name: Chontos, Ashley
name: Hattori, Soichiro
name: Veras, Dimitri
name: Huber, Daniel
name: Angus, Ruth
name: Rice, Malena
name: Breivik, Katelyn
name: Blunt, Sarah
name: Giacalone, Steven
name: Lubin, Jack
name: Isaacson, Howard
name: Howard, Andrew W.
name: Ciardi, David R.
name: Safonov, Boris S.
name: Strakhov, Ivan A.
name: Latham, David W.
name: Bieryla, Allyson
name: Ricker, George R.
name: Jenkins, Jon M.
name: Tenenbaum, Peter
name: Shporer, Avi
name: Morgan, Edward H.
name: Kostov, Veselin
name: Osborn, Hugh P.
name: Dragomir, Diana
name: Seager, Sara
name: Vanderspek, Roland K.
name: Winn, Joshua N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The fate of planets around rapidly evolving stars is not well understood. Previous studies have suggested that relative to the main sequence population, planets transiting evolved stars ($P$ $<$ 100 d) tend to have more eccentric orbits. Here we present the discovery of TOI-4582 b, a 0.94 $\pm$ 0.12 R$_\mathrm{J}$, 0.53 $\pm$ 0.05 M$_\mathrm{J}$ planet orbiting an intermediate-mass subgiant star every 31.034 days. We find that this planet is also on a significantly eccentric orbit ($e$ = 0.51 $\pm$ 0.05). We then compare the population of planets found transiting evolved (log$g$ $<$ 3.8) stars to the population of planets transiting main sequence stars. We find that the rate at which median orbital eccentricity grows with period is significantly higher for evolved star systems than for otherwise similar main sequence systems, particularly for systems with only one planet detected. In general, we observe that mean planet eccentricity $$ = $a$ + $b$log$_{10}$($P$) for the evolved population with a single transiting planet where $a$ = (-0.18 $\pm$ 0.08) and $b$ = (0.38 $\pm$ 0.06), significantly distinct from the main sequence planetary system population. This trend is seen even after controlling for stellar mass and metallicity. These systems do not appear to represent a steady evolution pathway from eccentric, long-period planetary orbits to circular, short period orbits, as orbital model comparisons suggest inspiral timescales are uncorrelated with orbital separation or eccentricity. Characterization of additional evolved planetary systems will distinguish effects of stellar evolution from those of stellar mass and composition.
description: 21 pages, 11 figures, favorably reviewed by AAS Journals
Evaluation of a low-cost compartment bag test to quantify hydrogen sulfideproducing bacteria in drinking water
Creators: name: Tipton, Claire
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: Tests for detecting hydrogen sulfide (H2S)-producing bacteria as fecal indicators have been proposed to assess drinking water safety in low-resource settings. This study compared a semi-quantitative compartment bag test (CBT) to the EPA- and FDA-approved multiple test tube (MTT) method to quantify H2S-producing bacteria in drinking water sources. Both methods used PathoScreen™ medium to detect target bacteria in 60 surface water samples collected from North Carolina drinking water reservoirs. Samples were subjected to paired levels of incubation temperatures (25° C, 35° C) and numbers of incubation days (1, 2, 3). Results indicated a significant positive correlation between methods, particularly at 25° C and 2 days incubation (r=0.78). However, the CBT tended to underestimate H2S-producing bacteria concentrations in samples. The CBT shows promise as a microbiological drinking water test for low-resource environments, particularly where quantitative information is preferable to presence/absence results. Further calibration is recommended to improve test performance.
Towards New Bounds for the 2-Edge Connected Spanning Subgraph Problem
Creators: name: Legault, Philippe
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2017
Subjects: Minimum cost 2-edge connected spanning subgraph problem
Minimum size 2-edge connected spanning subgraph problem
Approximation algorithm
Integrality gap
Cubic graphs
Half-integer

description: Given a complete graph K_n = (V,E) with non-negative edge costs c ∈ R^E, the problem multi-2EC_cost is that of finding a 2-edge connected spanning multi-subgraph of K_n with minimum cost. It is believed that there are no efficient ways to solve the problem exactly, as it is NP-hard. Methods such as approximation algorithms, which rely on lower bounds like the linear programming relaxation multi-2EC^LP of multi-2EC , thus become vital cost cost to obtain solutions guaranteed to be close to the optimal in a fast manner. In this thesis, we focus on the integrality gap αmulti-2EC of multi-2EC^LP , which is a measure of the quality of multi-2EC^LP as a lower bound. Although we currently only know cost that 6/5 ≤ αmulti-2EC_cost ≤ 3 , the integrality gap for multi-2EC_cost has been conjectured to be 6/5. We explore the idea of using the structure of solutions for αmulti-2EC_cost and the concept of convex combination to obtain improved bounds for αmulti-2EC_cost. We focus our efforts on a family J of half-integer solutions that appear to give the largest integrality gap for multi-2EC_cost. We successfully show that the conjecture αmulti-2EC_cost = 6/5 is true for any cost functions optimized by some x∗ ∈ J. We also study the related problem 2EC_size, which consists of finding the minimum size 2-edge connected spanning subgraph of a 2-edge connected graph. The problem is NP-hard even at its simplest, when restricted to cubic 3-edge connected graphs. We study that case in the hope of finding a more general method, and we show that every 3-edge connected cubic graph G = (V ′, E′), with n = |V ′| allows a 2EC_size solution for G of size at most 7n/6 This improves upon Boyd, Iwata and Takazawa’s guarantee of 6n/5 and extend Takazawa’s 7n/6 guarantee for bipartite cubic 3-edge connected graphs to all cubic 3-edge connected graphs.
Critical junctures and city development: a brief retrospect of Chongqing’s planning history, 1949-2010
Creators: name: Jiang, Mian
Publisher: name: International Planning History Society Proceedings
Year: 2018

description: Southwest China’s Chongqing is a city with unique development history which experienced critical junctures. This study collected and organized political, economic and cultural events in Chongqing from 1949 to 2010, and then analysed how its city planning responded to those critical junctures, and evaluate whether it was successful or not; furthermore, it traced the evolution of motive forces in Chongqing. The analysis has led us to the conclusion that critical junctures constituted pivotal motive forces in Chongqing’s urbanization; generally, each version of Master Plans responded them effectively and timely, especially by giving the priority to natural geography and continually developing the polycentric structure at different scale. The result of this study shows that Chongqing has built a comprehensive development framework for settlement hierarchy structure, transportation, economy and ecology. For the future, it should pay more attention to improve its infrastructure, conserve its historic heritage, strengthen its identity as a city of mountain and river, and achieve more sustainable development both ecologically and socially. Moreover, besides making sure that politic and economic forces fulfil their role, decision makers should also value social forces, make multiple objectives, exercise public participation and achieve social justice in the policy making and implementing process.
description: International Planning History Society Proceedings, Vol. 18 No. 1 (2018): Looking at the World History of Planning
Modeling disks and magnetic outflows around a forming massive star: I. Investigating the two layer-structure of the accretion disk
Creators: name: Oliva, André
name: Kuiper, Rolf
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Like their lower mass siblings, massive protostars can be expected to: a) be surrounded by circumstellar disks and b) launch magnetically-driven jets and outflows. The disk formation and global evolution is thereby controlled by advection of angular momentum from large scales, the efficiency of magnetic braking and the resistivity of the medium, and the internal thermal and magnetic pressures of the disk. We perform a series of 30 simulations of a massive star forming from the gravitational collapse of a molecular cloud threaded by an initially-uniform magnetic field, starting from different values for the mass of the cloud, its initial density and rotation profiles, its rotational energy content, the magnetic field strength, and the resistivity of the material. The gas and dust is modeled with the methods of resistive magnetohydrodynamics, also considering radiation transport of thermal emission and self-gravity. After the initial infall phase dominated by the gravitational collapse, an accretion disk is formed, shortly followed by the launching of magnetically-driven outflows. Two layers can be distinguished in the accretion disk: a thin layer, vertically supported by thermal pressure, and a thick layer, vertically supported by magnetic pressure. We observe the effects of magnetic braking in the inner ~50 au of the disk at late times in our fiducial case. The parameter study reveals that the size of the disk is mostly determined by the density and rotation profiles of the initial mass reservoir and not by the magnetic field strength. Magnetic pressure can slightly increase the size of the accretion disk, while magnetic braking is more relevant in the innermost parts of the disk as opposed to the outer disk. From the parameter study, we infer that multiple initial conditions for the onset of gravitational collapse are able to produce a given disk size and protostellar mass.
description: Accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysics
Polycyclic, metabelian or soluble of type (FP)$_{\infty}$ groups with boolean algebra of rational sets and biautomatic soluble groups are virtually abelian
Creators: name: Roman'kov, Vitaly
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 20F16

description: Let $G$ be a polycyclic, metabelian or soluble of type (FP)$_{\infty}$ group such that the class $Rat(G)$ of all rational subsets of $G$ is a boolean algebra. Then $G$ is virtually abelian. Every soluble biautomatic group is virtually abelian.
Spatio-temporal lasing dynamics in a Limaçon-shaped microcavity
Creators: name: Kim, Kyungduk
name: Bittner, Stefan
name: Jin, Yuhao
name: Zeng, Yongquan
name: Wang, Qi Jie
name: Cao, Hui
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Limaçon-shaped microdisk lasers are promising on-chip light sources with low lasing threshold and unidirectional output. We conduct an experimental study on the lasing dynamics of Limaçon-shaped semiconductor microcavities. The edge emission exhibits intensity fluctuations over a wide range of spatial and temporal scales. They result from multiple dynamic processes with different origins and occurring on different spatiotemporal scales. The dominant process is an alternate oscillation between two output beams with a period as short as a few nanoseconds.
description: 7 pages, 6 figures
Plan of Seoul Olympic games facilities and the execution of the plans of green area and road network of Seoul City Planning
Creators: name: Park, Kwanghyun
Publisher: name: International Planning History Society Proceedings
Year: 2018

description: By analyzing the changes in planning for facilities for the 1988 Seoul Olympic Games, focusing especially on green areas and road networks, this study aims to reveal the transformation of Seoul City, sparked by the Seoul Olympic Games. Most of the new competition venues for the Olympic games were built in the green areas in the Jamsil District and the Taenung District. In particular, the Jamsil District was able to support the development of two main Olympic venues by reclaiming land through the revetment of the Han River. The river was the defining feature for Seoul City Planning’s Olympic development plans, dictating the paths of the broad highways and bridges which follow and span its waters.
description: International Planning History Society Proceedings, Vol. 18 No. 1 (2018): Looking at the World History of Planning
Finitistic dimension conjecture and radical-power extensions
Creators: name: Wang, Chengxi
name: Xi, Changchang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The finitistic dimension conjecture asserts that any finite-dimensional algebra over a field should have finite finitistic dimension. Recently, this conjecture is reduced to studying finitistic dimensions for extensions of algebras. In this paper, we investigate those extensions of Artin algebras in which some radical-power of smaller algebras is a one-sided ideal in bigger algebras. Our results, however, are formulated more generally for an arbitrary ideal: Let $B\subseteq A$ be an extension of Artin algebras and $I$ an ideal of $B$ such that the full subcategory of $B/I$-modules is $B$-syzygy-finite. Then: (1) If the extension is right-bounded (for example, proj.dim$(A_B)$ is finite), $I A\, rad(B)\subseteq B$ and fin.dim$(A)$ is finite, then fin.dim$(B)$ is finite. (2) If $I\, rad(B)$ is a left ideal of $A$ and $A$ is torsionless-finite, then fin.dim$(B)$ is finite. Particularly, if $I$ is specified to a power of the radical of $B$, then our results not only generalize some ones in the literature (see Corollaries 1.3 and 1.4), but also provide some completely new ways to detect algebras of finite finitistic dimensions.
description: 14 pages
The Soul of the Festival: Order, Rituals, Street Food, and State Power
Creators: name: Espitia, Jonathan
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: The rise of Peruvian cuisine as a way of re-branding the nation’s image follows closely the rise of implementing neoliberal policies to spur economic growth. The Peruvian government has focused its attention on regulating informal markets and creating hyper-ordered spaces in festivals held in the capital city, Lima. An understanding of recent Peruvian history and the violence and aftermath of the Shining Path (Sendero Luminoso) is necessary for understanding why food has taken on such a seminal role in forming Peruvian identity. This thesis delves into understanding why food is a vital aspect of the festival in Peru. It does so by engaging with the literature on festivals and rituals as performed by public actors and the state. It engages with the question of what it means for a ritual to be successful and likewise what it means for it to be a failure, within the frameworks of two large festivals, Mistura in Lima and Inti Raymi in Cuzco. This thesis re-centers the humanity present in festivals and encourages state actors to look beyond the economistic lens and towards an anthropological one. Food is the soul of the festival and focusing on economic growth and formality stifles that very soul.
Temporary dwellings as successful informal suburban development
Creators: name: Pulan, Nicola
Publisher: name: International Planning History Society Proceedings
Year: 2018

description: Occupation of temporary dwellings during a shortage of affordable housing is a global phenomenon. Until recently, the majority of urban planning literature has tended to convey that this type of informal urbanism existed only in the global south. However, a number of scholarly publications have revealed that informal urbanism was present in the global north throughout the early twentieth century, surrounding newly-industrialising cities in France and Canada and as seasonal accommodation in the UK. Recent studies reveal that similar dwellings emerged with illegal suburbanisation in Greek and Portuguese cities during the mid-century, and persist today as US-Mexico borderland colonia settlements. References to temporary dwellings in Australian housing literature suggested that informal urban development existed at an appreciable scale on the fringes of most towns and cities in Australia following world war two. This paper surveys the phenomenon as it played out in the outer suburbs of metropolitan Sydney, highlights a distinctive Australian story, and compares this with the international instances. The paper then suggests that a combination of four unprecedented circumstances prevailing in post-war Sydney enabled temporary dwellings to be a successful form of informal suburban development that enabled economically-marginal households to achieve ownership of a conventional home.
description: International Planning History Society Proceedings, Vol. 18 No. 1 (2018): Looking at the World History of Planning
Ebb and Flow in Collaborative Networks: A Longitudinal Analysis of Network Formation and Evolution
Creators: name: Medina Carrillo, Alejandra Fabiola
Publisher: name: University of Illinois at Chicago
Year: 2023

description: Despite the growth in network research over the past decades, there is still little work focused on understanding (i) the evolution of collaborative relationships over time, (ii), the specific nature and type of these collaborative relationships, and (iii) the main motivations and drivers of collaboration at the micro-level. This study aims to contribute to filling these gaps in the literature by analyzing the formation and evolution of emergency management collaborative networks. The main purpose of this research is to understand (1) the effects of exposure to large-scale disasters and external shocks on tie formation across time, (2) the specific type and nature of collaborative activities in emergency management, and (3) the motivations and factors that lead to and sustain collaboration across agencies. To answer these questions, I use an administrative dataset on formal interlocal agreements and qualitative data collected through interviews with public managers responsible for emergency management functions. First, I modeled the evolution of the emergency management networks using stochastic actor-oriented models (SAOMs) to examine how actor attributes and structural factors influence the network’s evolution from year to year. Given the results of the quantitative analysis, I reviewed and coded all the emergency management agreements during the last 15 years to identify the purpose and nature of those collaborative relationships. Finally, I used interview data to identify the main motivations and collaboration arrangements actors use to prepare, respond, and recover from large-scale disaster events. Overall, this research contributes to the identification of i) the factors that increase the likelihood of collaboration given the exposure to large-scale disaster events, ii) the specific types of collaborative activities that bring together actors in the emergency management domain, and iii) the main motivations and institutional arrangements actors use to collaborate across time.
A Slippery Slope: Systematic Uncertainties in the Line Width Baryonic Tully-Fisher Relation
Creators: name: Bradford, Jeremy D.
name: Geha, Marla C.
name: Bosch, Frank C. van den
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The baryonic Tully-Fisher relation (BTFR) is a valuable observational tool and a critical test of galaxy formation theory. We explore the systematic uncertainty in the slope and the scatter of the observed line width BTFR utilizing homogeneously measured, unresolved HI observations for 930 isolated galaxies. We measure a fiducial relation of $\log_{10}{M_{\rm baryon}} = 3.24\log_{10}{V_{\rm rot}}+3.21$ with observed scatter of 0.25 dex with $10^{7.4} < M_{\rm baryon} < 10^{11.3}M_{\odot}$ where $V_{\rm rot}$ is measured from 20\% HI line widths. We vary the definitions of $M_{\rm baryon}$ and $V_{\rm rot}$, the sample selection, and the linear fitting algorithm. We obtain slopes ranging from 2.64 to 3.53 and scatter measurements ranging from 0.14 to 0.41~dex, indicating a systematic uncertainty of 0.25 in the BTFR slope derived from unresolved HI line widths. We compare our fiducial slope to literature measurements, where reported slopes range from 3.0 to 4.3 and scatter is either unmeasured, immeasurable or as large as 0.4~dex. Measurements derived from unresolved HI line widths tend to produce slopes of 3.3, while measurements derived from asymptotic rotation curves tend to produce slopes of 3.9. The largest factor affecting the BTFR slope is the definition of $V_{\rm rot}$. The sample definition, the mass range, and the linear fitting algorithm also significantly affect the measured BTFR. We find that galaxies in our sample with $V_{\rm rot} < 100~\rm{km~s^{-1}}$ are consistent with the line width BTFR of more massive galaxies, but these galaxies drive most of the observed scatter. It is critical when comparing predictions to an observed BTFR that the $V_{\rm rot}$ definition, the sample selection and the fitting algorithm are similarly defined. We recommend direct statistical comparisons between data sets with commensurable properties as opposed to comparing BTFR power-law fits.
description: Accepted by the Astrophysical Journal, figures 2 and 3 present our key results, all data are available at http://www.astro.yale.edu/jdbradford/research.html
Dissipative two-dimensional Raman lattice
Creators: name: Li, Haowei
name: Yi, Wei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that a dissipative two-dimensional Raman lattice can be engineered in a two-component ultracold atomic gas, where the interplay of the two-dimensional spin-orbit coupling and lightinduced atom loss gives rise to a density flow diagonal to the underlying square lattice. The flow is driven by the non-Hermitian corner skin effect, under which eigenstates localize toward one corner of the system. We illustrate that the topological edge states of the system can only be accounted for by the non-Bloch band theory where the deformation of the bulk eigenstates are explicitly considered. The directional flow can be detected through the dynamic evolution of an initially localized condensate in the lattice, or by introducing an immobile impurity species that interact spin-selectively with a condensate in the ground state of the Raman lattice.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures
Influence of a mass transfer stability criterion on double white dwarf populations
Creators: name: LI, Zhenwei
name: Chen, Xuefei
name: Ge, Hongwei
name: Chen, Hai-Liang
name: Han, Zhanwen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Mass transfer stability is an essential issue in binary evolution. Ge et al. studied critical mass ratios for dynamically stable mass transfer by establishing adiabatic mass loss model and found that the donor stars on the giant branches tend to be more stable than that based on the composite polytropic stellar model. We would investigate the influence of mass transfer stability on the formation and properties of DWD populations. We performed a series of binary population synthesis, where the critical mass ratios from adiabatic mass loss model (Ge's model) and that from the composite polytropic model are adopted, respectively. For Ge's model, most of the DWDs are produced from the stable non-conservative Roche lobe overflow plus common envelope (CE) ejection channel (RL+CE channel) regardless of the CE ejection efficiency $α_{CE}$. While the results of the polytropic model strongly depend on the adopted value of $α_{ CE}$. We find DWDs produced from the RL+CE channel have comparable WD masses and the mass ratio distribution peaks at around 1. Based on the magnitude-limited sample of DWDs, the space densities for the detectable DWDs and those with extremely low-mass WD (ELM WD) companions in Ge's model is $1347$ and $473 kpc^{-3}$, respectively, close to observations. While the polytropic model overpredicts space density of DWDs by a factor of about $2-3$. We also find that the results of DWD merger rate distribution in Ge's model reproduce the observations better than that of the polytropic model, and the merger rate of DWDs with ELM WD companions in the Galaxy is about $1.8\times 10^{-3} yr^{-1}$ in Ge's model, which is comparable to the observation estimation. We confirm that the mass transfer stability plays important roles in the formation and properties of DWD populations, and then in the progenitors of SNe Ia and detectable GW sources.
description: 28 pages, 17 figures; A&A version
ระบบสร้างแบบทดสอบไม่ซ้ำกัน พร้อมตรวจและรายงานผล เรื่อง คำคุณศัพท์เพื่อบอกลำดับที่ของนาม ในรายวิชาภาษาอังกฤษ ระดับมัธยมต้นและบุคคลทั่วไป
Creators: name: เมธิชัย บุญยังรอด
Publisher: name: สถาบันวิจัยและพัฒนา มหาวิทยาลัยกาฬสินธุ์
Year: 2023
Subjects: แบบทดสอบ
คำคุณศัพท์บอกลำดับที่ของนาม
กูเกิลแอพสคริปต์

description: วารสารวิทยาศาสตร์ เทคโนโลยี และนวัตกรรม มหาวิทยาลัยกาฬสินธุ์, 2, 2, 66-79
Post-inflationary GW production in generic higher (infinite) derivative gravity
Creators: name: Koshelev, Alexey S.
name: Starobinsky, Alexei A.
name: Tokareva, Anna
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Gravity can be embedded into a renormalizable theory by means of adding quadratic in curvature terms. However, this at first leads to the presence of the Weyl ghost. It is possible to get rid of this ghost if the locality assumption is weakened and the propagator of the graviton is represented by an entire function of the d'Alembertian operator without new poles and zeros. Models of this type admit a cosmological solution describing the $R^2$, or Starobinsky, inflation. We study graviton production after inflation in this model and show that it is negligible despite the presence of the higher derivative operators which could potentially cause instabilities.
description: We dedicate this paper to the memory of Valery Rubakov
Transformation of urban communities from within
Creators: name: Zhu, Kaiyi
name: Hein, Carola
Publisher: name: International Planning History Society Proceedings
Year: 2018

description: The state has owned most historical buildings since the establishment of the People's Republic of China (PRC). Residents within are entitled to the right to use the house in the form of a lease. After entering a free trade housing market in 1988, residents in historic neighbourhoods of Shanghai have been suffering uncertainty of their identities. Residents’ role, responsibilities and obligations within urban transformation, has always been in suspense and strongly affected by multiple stakeholders’ decisions. Based on an analysis of the relationship between the native residents and the historic Lilong communities they are living in, this paper examines stakeholders’ heritage approaches in three typical transforming project, to explore residents’ mobility and behaviour within varied urban transformation and socio-economic development. Through a literature review, fieldwork and a pilot study in Xintiandi, Tianzifang and Chunyangli districts, urban transformation in historic urban communities from within is found literally rare in China. This paper argues that residents could not clarify their role by living in urban heritage, neither obtaining house-ownership to define their position nor being treated as one component of urban heritage. Government in China has been indeed the character who mediates between all stakeholders and bears the most burden.
description: International Planning History Society Proceedings, Vol. 18 No. 1 (2018): Looking at the World History of Planning
Proton decay from quark and lepton compositeness
Creators: name: Assi, Benoît
name: Dobrescu, Bogdan A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Within a chiral $SU(15)$ gauge theory in which the Standard Model fermions are bound states of massless preons, we show that proton-decay operators are likely induced at the compositeness scale, $Λ_{\rm pre}$. Our estimate of the limit imposed by searches for proton decays is $Λ_{\rm pre} > 10^4 \, {\rm TeV}^{1/2} \, C_8^{1/4} \, m_{\cal Q}^{1/2}$, where $C_8$ is a rescaled coefficient of an 8-prebaryon operator induced by $SU(15)$ dynamics, and $m_{\cal Q}$ is the mass of a composite vectorlike quark. The latter has a lower limit related to the mass of a composite vectorlike lepton, which in turn is required by LHC searches to be above 1 TeV. For $C_8$ in the $10^{-5} - 1$ range, the lower limit on $Λ_{\rm pre}$ varies between $3 \times 10^3$ TeV and $5 \times 10^4$ TeV. We point out that exotic proton decay modes, into a $π^+$ and a heavy right-handed neutrino, could be observed using the Super-Kamiokande or DUNE detectors.
description: 24 pages, 5 figures
Modern regional development in Japan
Creators: name: Demura, Yoshifumi
Publisher: name: International Planning History Society Proceedings
Year: 2018

description: Although modern Japanese cities are the products of an urban planning system, this system is itself rooted in the histories of towns and provincial areas, that had previously grown in the context of local economic needs and resources. However, in the early stages of urbanisation, the new infrastructure derived from the West did not necessarily complement the existing local urban environment. This was eventually reconciled by a series of infrastructure development projects, which were presented to local city planners for feedback. This study focuses on a typical example of this process in Gifu, Japan; it presents a description of the steps by which the region was gradually modernised by means of a river improvement project that led to the implementation of urban planning.
description: International Planning History Society Proceedings, Vol. 18 No. 1 (2018): Looking at the World History of Planning