cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Lightweight site federation for CMS support
Creators: name: Peris, Antonio Delgado
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019

description: There is a general trend in WLCG towards the federation of resources, aiming for increased simplicity, efficiency, flexibility, and availability. Although general, VO-agnostic federation of resources between two independent and autonomous resource centres may prove arduous, a considerable amount of flexibility in resource sharing can be achieved, in the context of a single WLCG VO, with a relatively simple approach. We have demonstrated this for PIC and CIEMAT, the Spanish Tier-1 and Tier-2 sites for CMS (separated by 600 Kms, ~10 ms latency), by making use of the existing CMS xrootd federation (AAA) infrastructure and profiting from the common CE/batch technology used by the two centres (HTCondor). This work describes how compute slots are shared between the two sites with transparent and efficient access to the input data irrespective of its location. This approach allows to dynamically increase the capacity of a site with idle execution slots from the remote site. Our contribution also includes measurements for diverse CMS workflows comparing performances between local and remote execution. In addition to enabling an increased flexibility in the use of the resources, this lightweight approach can be regarded as a benchmark to explore future potential scenarios, where storage resources would be concentrated in a reduced number of sites.
A Class of Quantum Error-Correcting Codes Saturating the Quantum Hamming Bound
Creators: name: Gottesman, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: I develop methods for analyzing quantum error-correcting codes, and use these methods to construct an infinite class of codes saturating the quantum Hamming bound. These codes encode $k=n-j-2$ qubits in $n=2^j$ qubits and correct $t=1$ error.
description: REVTeX, 22 pages; introduction clarified and corrected to explicitly include non-orthogonal codes, claim of appendix A restricted to possibly allow some 1-error degenerate codes, references added; to appear in Phys. Rev. A
Wastewater treatment for nutrient removal with Ecuadorian native microalgae
Creators: name: Benítez, María Belén
name: Champagne, Pascale
name: Ramos, Ana
name: Torres, Andres F.
name: Ochoa-Herrera, Valeria
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Marine Biology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: The aim of this project was to study the feasibility of utilizing native microalgae for the removal of nitrogen and phosphorus, as a potential secondary wastewater treatment process in Ecuador. Agitation and aeration batch experiments were conducted using synthetic secondary wastewater effluent, to determine nitrogen and phosphorus removal efficiencies by a native Ecuadorian microalgal strain. Experimental results indicated that microalgal cultures could successfully remove nitrogen and phosphorus. NH4+−N and PO43−−P removal efficiencies of 52.6 and 55.6%, and 67.0 and 20.4%, as well as NO3−−N production efficiencies of 87.0 and 93.1% were reported in agitation and aeration photobioreactors, respectively. Aeration was not found to increase the nutrient removal efficiency of NH4+−N. Moreover, in the case of PO43−−P, a negative impact was observed, where removal efficiencies decreased by a factor of 3.3 at higher aeration rates. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of the removal of nutrients by native Ecuadorian Chlorella sp., hence the results of this study would indicate that this native microalgal strain could be successfully incorporated in a potential treatment process for nutrient removal in Ecuador.
A shared latent space matrix factorisation method for recommending new trial evidence for systematic review updates
Creators: name: Surian, Didi
name: Dunn, Adam G.
name: Orenstein, Liat
name: Bashir, Rabia
name: Coiera, Enrico
name: Bourgeois, Florence T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: H.3.3; J.3

description: Clinical trial registries can be used to monitor the production of trial evidence and signal when systematic reviews become out of date. However, this use has been limited to date due to the extensive manual review required to search for and screen relevant trial registrations. Our aim was to evaluate a new method that could partially automate the identification of trial registrations that may be relevant for systematic review updates. We identified 179 systematic reviews of drug interventions for type 2 diabetes, which included 537 clinical trials that had registrations in ClinicalTrials.gov. We tested a matrix factorisation approach that uses a shared latent space to learn how to rank relevant trial registrations for each systematic review, comparing the performance to document similarity to rank relevant trial registrations. The two approaches were tested on a holdout set of the newest trials from the set of type 2 diabetes systematic reviews and an unseen set of 141 clinical trial registrations from 17 updated systematic reviews published in the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. The matrix factorisation approach outperformed the document similarity approach with a median rank of 59 and recall@100 of 60.9%, compared to a median rank of 138 and recall@100 of 42.8% in the document similarity baseline. In the second set of systematic reviews and their updates, the highest performing approach used document similarity and gave a median rank of 67 (recall@100 of 62.9%). The proposed method was useful for ranking trial registrations to reduce the manual workload associated with finding relevant trials for systematic review updates. The results suggest that the approach could be used as part of a semi-automated pipeline for monitoring potentially new evidence for inclusion in a review update.
description: Journal of Biomedical Informatics Vol. 79, March 2018, p. 32-40
CMS data access and usage studies at PIC Tier-1 and CIEMAT Tier-2
Creators: name: Molina, Jose Flix
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019

description: Computing needs projections for the HL-LHC era (2026+), following the current computing models, indicate that much larger resource increases would be required than those that technology evolution at a constant budget could bring. Since worldwide budget for computing is not expected to increase, many research activities have emerged to improve the performance of the LHC processing software applications, as well as to propose more efficient deployment scenarios and techniques which might alleviate the increase of expected resources for the HL-LHC. The massively increasing amounts of data to be processed leads to enormous challenges for HEP storage systems, networks and the data distribution to end-users. This is particularly important in scenarios in which the LHC data would be distributed from sufficiently small numbers of centers holding the experiment's data. Enabling data locality via local caches on sites seems a very promising approach to hide transfer latencies while reducing the deployed storage space and number of replicas elsewhere. However, this highly depends on the workflow I/O characteristics and available network across sites. A crucial assessment is to study how the experiments are accessing and using the storage services deployed in sites in WLCG, to properly evaluate and simulate the benefits for several of the new emerging proposals within WLCG/HSF. In order to evaluate access and usage of storage, this contribution shows data access and popularity studies for the CMS Workflows executed in the Spanish Tier-1 (PIC) and Tier-2 (CIEMAT) sites supporting CMS activities, based on local and experiment monitoring data spanning more than one year. Simulations of data caches for end-user analysis data, as well as potential areas for storage savings will be reviewed.
Transforming carbon-intensive coal-fired power plants into negative emission technologies via biomass-fired calcium looping retrofit
Creators: name: Hanak, Dawid
Publisher: name: OSF
Year: 2024

description: Calcium looping is a promising CO2 capture technology due to reduced energy and economic penalties compared to mature solvent scrubbing technologies and the potential for achieving negative emissions. This study examined the potential for transforming coal-fired power plants into negative CO2 emission technologies via retrofit of calcium looping with biomass co-firing in the calciner.
Ultra-cold Collisions between Spin-Orbit-Coupled Dipoles: General Formalism and Universality
Creators: name: Wang, Jia
name: Hougaard, Christiaan R.
name: Mulkerin, Brendan C.
name: Liu, Xia-Ji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A theoretical study of the low-energy scattering properties of two aligned identical bosonic and fermionic dipoles in the presence of isotropic spin-orbit coupling (SOC) is presented. A general treatment of particles with arbitrary (pseudo-) spin is given in the framework of multi-channel scattering. At ultracold temperatures and away from shape resonances or closed-channel dominated resonances, the cross-section can be well described within the Born approximation to within corrections due to the s-wave scattering. We compare our findings with numerical calculations and find excellent agreement.
Musical Literacy and Jazz Musicians in the 1910's and 1920's
Creators: Chevan, David
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2002
Subjects: Music
History

description: In 1988, I conducted a telephone interview with the African American New Orleans clarinet player Willie James Humphrey about his tenure from 1925 to 1932 in the riverboat band led by Fate Marable. During our conversation, I asked Humphrey if Marable had hired him because of his skills as a jazz musician. Although we were talking by phone I could feel the mood of the conversation change. Humphrey sounded irritated as he replied, "You had to be a musician [his emphasis], 'cause that's the only way you could get on there. You had to know how to read." One need only think of how Humphrey's words complicate our reading of literature on jazz history, which so often describes the historical tensions and the social and musical disparities between the downtown blacks and the "Creoles of Color" in Humphrey's native New Orleans. The aim of this article is to consider the various ways that jazz musicians -both white and black-encountered and engaged with written music in the 1910s and 1920s. I have chosen an ethnographic approach to this subject. That is, this essay will privilege the voices of musicians, surveying and interpreting a broad selection of autobiographies, oral histories, and personal interviews of jazz musicians who grew up, studied, and performed during this period. The material from these primary sources has been sorted into five general sections that cover topics relating to how musicians learned to use written music and to the actual use of written music in performance. The resulting composite picture reveals a wide range of encounters with and responses to written music by these early jazz musicians.
Timing of AB And eclipses
Creators: name: Kozyreva, V. S.
name: Ibrahimov, M. A.
name: Gaynullina, E. R.
name: Karimov, R. G.
name: Hafizov, B. M.
name: Satovskii, B. L.
name: Krushevska, V. N.
name: Kuznyetsova, Yu. G.
name: Bogomazov, A. I.
name: Irsmambetova, T. R.
name: Tutukov, A. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This study aims timing the eclipses of the short period low mass binary star AB And. The times of minima are taken from the literature and from our observations in October 2013 (22 times of minima) and in August 2014 (23 times of minima). We find and discuss an inaccuracy in the determination of the types of minima in the previous investigation by \citet{li2014}. We study the secular evolution of the central binary's orbital period and the possibility of the existence of third and fourth companions in the system.
description: 14 pages, 3 figures, 3 tables, accepted by New Astronomy
The Concept of Ausweichung in Music Theory, ca. 1770-1832
Creators: Saslaw, Janna K.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2003
Subjects: Music
Music theory

description: In this essay I should like to address a misconception among some present-day writers who equate the late eighteenth- and early nineteenth-century German concept of Ausweichung with the modern notion of modulation. One typical twentieth-century definition of modulation, from Arnold Schoenberg's the Structural Functions of Harmony, states that, "One should not speak of modulation unless a tonality has been abandoned definitely and for a considerable time, and another tonality has been established harmonically as well as thematically" (1968:19). It is my contention that our modern sense of modulation-that is, the process of firmly and definitely leaving one key and establishing another can mask the true nature of Ausweichung. To this end, I shall examine the term Ausweichung as employed by five theorists-Johann Philipp Kirnberger and Johann Sulzer, Heinrich Christoph Koch, Georg Vogler, and Gottfried Weber-over a period spanning 1771 to 1832.
Additional file 2 of Psychological effects of remote-only communication among reference persons of ICU patients during COVID-19 pandemic
Creators: name: Cattelan, Jessy
name: Castellano, Sara
name: Merdji, Hamid
name: Audusseau, Jean
name: Claude, Baptiste
name: Feuillassier, Léa
name: Cunat, Sibylle
name: Astrié, Marc
name: Aquin, Camille
name: Buis, Guillaume
name: Gehant, Edgar
name: Granier, Amandine
name: Kercha, Hassiba
name: Le Guillou, Camille
name: Martin, Guillaume
name: Roulot, Kevin
name: Meziani, Ferhat
name: Putois, Olivier
name: Helms, Julie
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 2.
Classification of quantum superintegrable systems with quadratic integrals on two dimensional manifolds
Creators: name: Tanoudes, C. Daskaloyannis And Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 37J35, 70H20

description: There are two classes of quantum integrable systems on a manifold with quadratic integrals, the Liouville and the Lie integrable systems as it happens in the classical case. The quantum Liouville quadratic integrable systems are defined on a Liouville manifold and the Schrödinger equation can be solved by separation of variables in one coordinate system. The Lie integrable systems are defined on a Lie manifold and are not generally separable ones but the can be solved. Therefore there are superintegrable systems with two quadratic integrals of motion not necessarily separable in two coordinate systems. The quantum analogues of the two dimensional superintegrable systems with quadratic integrals of motion on a manifold are classified by using the quadratic associative algebra of the integrals of motion. There are six general fundamental classes of quantum superintegrable systems corresponding to the classical ones. Analytic formulas for the involved integrals are calculated in all the cases. All the known quantum superintegrable systems are classified as special cases of these six general classes. The coefficients of the associative algebra of the general cases are calculated. These coefficients are the same as the coefficients of the classical case multiplied by $-\hbar^2$ plus quantum corrections of order $\hbar^4$ and $\hbar^6$.
description: LaTeX file, 25 pages
Quantum privacy amplification and the security of quantum cryptography over noisy channels
Creators: name: Deutsch, D.
name: Ekert, A.
name: Jozsa, R.
name: Macchiavello, C.
name: Popescu, S.
name: Sanpera, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Existing quantum cryptographic schemes are not, as they stand, operable in the presence of noise on the quantum communication channel. Although they become operable if they are supplemented by classical privacy-amplification techniques, the resulting schemes are difficult to analyse and have not been proved secure. We introduce the concept of quantum privacy amplification and a cryptographic scheme incorporating it which is provably secure over a noisy channel. The scheme uses an `entanglement purification' procedure which, because it requires only a few quantum Controlled-Not and single-qubit operations, could be implemented using technology that is currently being developed. The scheme allows an arbitrarily small bound to be placed on the information that any eavesdropper may extract from the encrypted message.
description: 13 pages, Latex including 2 postcript files included using psfig macros
Writing Under the Influence?: Salieri and Schubert's Early Opinion of Beethoven
Creators: Gibbs, Christopher H.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2003
Subjects: Music

description: In 1822, Schubert dedicated his Variations on a French Theme for Piano
Four-Hands, Op. 10 (D624) to Beethoven. This dedication was his most
public and extravagant proclamation of an abiding reverence for the older
master that he held until his dying day. Indeed, if Ferdinand Schubert is to
be believed, his younger brother's last wish was to be buried near Beethoven,
which is exactly what happened (Deutsch 1946:825). A lifelong devotion is
implied in Schubert's letters and plainly stated in the recollections of family
and friends. The impress and challenge of Beethoven's music on
Schubert's is also apparent from the start of his compositional career, and
only intensified, I believe, as he matured and engaged with it ever more
directly. Beyond purely compositional matters, Schubert modeled his professional
career on Beethoven's in crucial respects and benefited from his
relations with many of the same performers, publishers, patrons, and critics
who were involved with the older composer (Solomon 1979a; Gingerich
1996; Gibbs 2000). Contemporaries frequently made comparisons between
their compositions; as we shall see, critics usually mentioned Beethoven
when reviewing Schubert's piano and chamber works.
Ingest pipeline for ASKAP
Creators: name: Voronkov, Maxim
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019

description: The Australian Square Kilometre Array Pathfinder (ASKAP) is a new generation 36-antenna 36-beam interferometer capable of producing about 2.5 Gb/s of raw data. The data are streamed from the observatory directly to the dedicated small cluster at the Pawsey HPC centre. The ingest pipeline is a distributed real time software which runs on this cluster and prepares the data for further (offline) processing by imaging and calibration pipelines. In addition to its main functionality, it turned out to be a valuable tool for various commissioning experiments and allowed us to run an interim system and achieve the first scientific results much earlier. I will review the architecture of the ingest pipeline, its role in the overall ASKAP's design as well as the lessons learned by developing a hard real-time application in the HPC environment.
Exploring the Properties of Choked Gamma-Ray Bursts with IceCube's High Energy Neutrinos
Creators: name: Denton, Peter B.
name: Tamborra, Irene
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Long duration gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) have often been considered as the natural evolution of some core-collapse supernova (CCSN) progenitors. However, the fraction of CCSNe linked to astrophysical jets and their properties are still poorly constrained. While any successful astrophysical jet harbored in a CCSN should produce high energy neutrinos, photons may be able to successfully escape the stellar envelope only for a fraction of progenitors, possibly leading to the existence of high-luminosity, low-luminosity and not-electromagnetically bright ("choked") GRBs. By postulating a CCSN-GRB connection, we accurately model the jet physics within the internal-shock GRB model and assume scaling relations for the GRB parameters that depend on the Lorentz boost factor $Γ$. The IceCube high energy neutrino flux is then employed as an upper limit of the neutrino background from electromagnetically bright and choked GRBs to constrain the jet and the progenitor properties. The current IceCube data set is compatible with up to $1\%$ of all CCSNe harboring astrophysical jets. Interestingly, those jets are predominantly choked. Our findings suggest that neutrinos can be powerful probes of the burst physics and can provide major insights on the CCSN-GRB connection.
description: 11 pages, 8 figures; model improved, results unchanged, matches version in ApJ
Varese in vitro: On Attention, Aurality, and the Laboratory
Creators: Steege, Benjamin Adam
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2003
Subjects: Music

description: In his 1936 lecture on "New Instruments and New Music," Edgard Varese insisted "There should be at least one laboratory in the world where the fundamental facts of music could be investigated under conditions reasonably conducive to success. The interest in music is so widespread and intense, its appeal so intimate and poignant, and its significance for mankind so potent and profound, that it becomes unwise not to devote some portion of the enormous outlay for music to research in its fundamental questions." (1967:197) Though Varese was quoting this entire paragraph from a 1928 popular-science monograph by John Redfield, former physics lecturer at Columbia University, the composer made the sentiment and argument very much his own in other writings and interviews from the period. Yet some uncertainties remain as to the laboratory's value for Varese. Did his vision of music as an "art -science" stem simply from infatuation with scientific authority? What were the specific "conditions reasonably conducive to" a laboratory's success? In what would this "success" consist?
Contributions to the Nearby Stars (NStars) Project: Spectroscopy of Stars Earlier than M0 within 40 parsecs: The Southern Sample
Creators: name: Gray, R. O.
name: Corbally, C. J.
name: Garrison, R. F.
name: McFadden, M. T.
name: Bubar, E. J.
name: McGahee, C. E.
name: O'Donoghue, A. A.
name: Knox, E. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We are obtaining spectra, spectral types and basic physical parameters for the nearly 3600 dwarf and giant stars earlier than M0 in the Hipparcos catalog within 40pc of the Sun. Here we report on results for 1676 stars in the southern hemisphere observed at Cerro Tololo Interamerican Observatory and Steward Observatory. These results include new, precise, homogeneous spectral types, basic physical parameters (including the effective temperature, surface gravity, and metallicity, [M/H]) and measures of the chromospheric activity of our program stars. We include notes on astrophysically interesting stars in this sample, the metallicity distribution of the solar neighborhood and a table of solar analogues. We also demonstrate that the bimodal nature of the distribution of the chromospheric activity parameter log R'HK depends strongly on the metallicity, and we explore the nature of the ``low-metallicity'' chromospherically active K-type dwarfs.
description: 62 pages including a long table, 6 figures
On the Birch--Swinnerton-Dyer conjecture and Schur indices
Creators: name: Bisatt, Matthew
name: Dokchitser, Vladimir
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: For every odd prime $p$, we exhibit families of irreducible Artin representations $τ$ with the property that for every elliptic curve $E$ the order of the zero of the twisted $L$-function $L(E,τ,s)$ at $s\!=\!1$ must be a multiple~of~$p$. Analogously, the multiplicity of $τ$ in the Selmer group of $E$ must also be divisible by $p$. We give further examples where $τ$ can moreover be twisted by any character that factors through the $p$-cyclotomic extension, and examples where the $L$-functions are those of twists of certain Hilbert modular forms by Dirichlet charaters. These results are conjectural, and rely on a standard generalisation of the Birch--Swinnerton-Dyer conjecture. Our main tool is the theory of Schur indices from representation theory.
description: 8 pages
THE IMPORTANCE OF STORIES IN CHILDREN'S LANGUAGE ACQUISITION
Creators: name: Jurakulova, Parizoda
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: This article explores the significant role that stories play in children's language acquisition. It examines how storytelling enhances vocabulary, grammar, and overall communication skills. The paper also discusses the psychological and cognitive benefits of narrative-based learning and its effectiveness in developing listening and speaking abilities. By analyzing various teaching methodologies, this study highlights the importance of integrating storytelling into language education for young learners.
Testing and Verifying Rust's Next Mile
Creators: name: Takashima, Yoshiki
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2024
Subjects: Electrical and Electronic Engineering not elsewhere classified

description:  
While the Rust language provides memory safety by default, functional correctness and safety of programs using unsafe code remain unchecked. This thesis aims to improve the quality of Rust code and assist adoption of Rust by developing automatic testing and verification techniques for analyzing properties unchecked by the compiler.
For testing unsafe library APIs, we develop Rust semantic-aware synthesizers that generate well-typed Rust API calls to efficiently search through the state space guided by types. We develop SyRust, a synthesizer equipped with awareness of the Rust type semantics. Semantic awareness allows SyRust to generate well-typed API tests for polymorphic Rust library APIs and find memory safety bugs in them. To overcome the scalability limitations of SyRust on large API sets found in popular libraries, we develop Crabtree, a heuristic-guided API test synthesis algorithm that leverages code coverage and coverage over Rust types to guide the synthesis of tests. Results indicate Crabtree yields higher code coverage and faster coverage gain over SyRust.
We also develop automatic tools for lightweight Rust verification and testing of less-explored properties such as developer-annotated assertions, trait invariants, and translation equivalence. We develop propproof and TraitInv, which leverage existing Property-Based Testing harnesses and documented trait invariants respectively to automatically synthesize model-checking harnesses. We deploy these tools on popular open-source libraries and demonstrate their effectiveness in catching bugs. To assist developers migrating from other languages into Rust, we develop VERT, a general translator from multiple languages into Rust with verified equivalence. Our tool provides enhanced assurance of correct translation by checking that the candidate translation has the same input-output behavior as an oracle program generated from the original.
Estimating the Turn-Around Radii of Six Isolated Galaxy Groups in the Local Universe
Creators: name: Lee, Jounghun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The estimates of the turn-around radii of six isolated galaxy groups in the nearby universe are presented. From the Tenth Data Release of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey, we first select those isolated galaxy groups at redshifts $z\le 0.05$ in the mass range of [0.3-1]$\times10^{14}\,h^{-1}M_{\odot}$ whose nearest neighbor groups are located at distances larger than fiften times their virial radii. Then, we search for a gravitationally interacting web-like structure around each isolated group, which appears as an inclined streak pattern in the anisotropic spatial distribution of the neighbor field galaxies . Out of 59 isolated groups, only seven are found to possess such web-like structures in their neighbor zones, but one of them turns out to be NGC 5353/4, whose turn-around radius was already measured in the previous work and thus excluded from our analysis. Applying the Turn-around Radius Estimator algorithm devised by Lee et al. to the identified web-like structures of the remaining six target groups, we determine their turn-around radii and show that three out of the six targets have larger turn-around radii than the spherical bound limit predicted by the Planck cosmology. We discuss possible sources of the apparent violations of the three groups, including the underestimated spherical bound-limit due to the approximation of the turn-around mass by the virial mass.
description: accepted for publication in ApJ, 9 figures, 3 tables, the TRE algorithm refined, significantly improved estimates of the turn-around radii and their errors
Non-perturbative determination of beta-functions and excited string states from lattices
Creators: name: Michael, C.
name: Green, A. M.
name: Spencer, P. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use lattice sum rules for the static quark potential to determine the beta-function for symmetric and asymmetric lattices non-perturbatively. We also study the colour field distributions in excited gluonic states.
description: 9 pages, LATEX, 1 postscript figure
Directly calculating the glue component of the nucleon in lattice QCD
Creators: name: Howson, Tomas
name: Horsley, Roger
name: Kamleh, Waseem
name: Nakamura, Yoshifumi
name: Perlt, Holger
name: Rakow, Paul
name: Schierholz, Gerrit
name: Stüben, Hinnerk
name: Young, Ross
name: Zanotti, James
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019

description: Computing the gluon component of momentum in the nucleon is a difficult and computationally expensive problem, as the matrix element involves a quark-line-disconnected gluon operator which suffers from ultra-violet fluctuations. But also necessary for a successful determination is the non-perturbative renormalisation of this operator. We investigate this renormalisation here by direct computation in the RI mom scheme. A clear statistical signal is obtained in the direct calculation by an adaption of the Feynman-Hellmann technique. A comparison is conducted in order to verify the energy-momentum sum rule of the nucleon.
Mean-Field Spin Glass models from the Cavity--ROSt Perspective
Creators: name: Aizenman, Michael
name: Sims, Robert
name: Starr, Shannon L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 82B44; 60K35

description: The Sherrington-Kirkpatrick spin glass model has been studied as a source of insight into the statistical mechanics of systems with highly diversified collections of competing low energy states. The goal of this summary is to present some of the ideas which have emerged in the mathematical study of its free energy. In particular, we highlight the perspective of the cavity dynamics, and the related variational principle. These are expressed in terms of Random Overlap Structures (ROSt), which are used to describe the possible states of the reservoir in the cavity step. The Parisi solution is presented as reflecting the ansatz that it suffices to restrict the variation to hierarchal structures which are discussed here in some detail. While the Parisi solution was proven to be correct, through recent works of F. Guerra and M. Talagrand, the reasons for the effectiveness of the Parisi ansatz still remain to be elucidated. We question whether this could be related to the quasi-stationarity of the special subclass of ROSts given by Ruelle's hierarchal `random probability cascades' (also known as GREM).
description: Based on talks given at `Young Res. Symp.', Lisbon 2003, and `Math. Phys. of Spin Glasses', Cortona 2005
Factorization of generalized Theta functions revisited
Creators: name: Sun, Xiaotao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14H60, 14D20

description: This survey is based on my lectures given in last a few years. As a reference, constructions of moduli spaces of parabolic sheaves and generalized parabolic sheaves are provided. By a refinement of the proof of vanishing theorem, we show, without using vanishing theorem, a new observation that ${\rm dim}\,H^0(\sU_C,Θ_{\sU_C})$ is independent of all of the choices for any smooth curves. The estimate of various codimension and computation of canonical line bundle of moduli space of generalized parabolic sheaves on a reducible curve are provided in Section 6, which is completely new.
description: 56 pages
Patient perception of Breezhaler® and Ellipta® device feedback mechanisms in COPD: The ADVANTAGE Study
Creators: name: Altman, Pablo
name: Bergna, Miguel A.
name: Garcia, Gabriel R.
name: Guerin, Tadhg
name: Pino, Andrea V.
name: Whiteford, John L.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Objectives: The primary objective of the ADVANTAGE study was to compare device-naïve chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients’ perception of the Breezhaler® and Ellipta® devices’ feedback mechanisms of dose delivery confirmation. The secondary objective was to assess comfort with the inhalers’ mouthpiece in terms of ease to form a tight seal around the mouthpiece. These objectives were achieved by using a novel, patient perception of inhaler questionnaire developed and tested during cognitive interviews of patients by Evidera, London, United Kingdom. Methods: Ten COPD patients were interviewed to collect feedback on the interpretation, relevance and language of the questionnaire. This questionnaire was then used in ADVANTAGE to compare patients’ perception (n = 100) of both devices. Patients completed the questionnaire after a single inhalation of placebo through each inhaler. Results: Using the final questionnaire, patients reported being more confident of the feedback mechanism of Breezhaler than that of the Ellipta device (mean score 4.3 versus 3.6 respectively, estimated difference [95% CI]: 0.75 [0.51, 0.99], p p Conclusion: COPD patients showed greater preference for the Breezhaler over the Ellipta inhaler for confidence of dose delivery and comfort of the mouthpiece. Trial registration: The trial is registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (ClinicalTrials.gov number NCT02551224).
The Parity Bit in Quantum Cryptography
Creators: name: Bennett, C. H.
name: Mor, T.
name: Smolin, J. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An $n$-bit string is encoded as a sequence of non-orthogonal quantum states. The parity bit of that $n$-bit string is described by one of two density matrices, $ρ_0^{(n)}$ and $ρ_1^{(n)}$, both in a Hilbert space of dimension $2^n$. In order to derive the parity bit the receiver must distinguish between the two density matrices, e.g., in terms of optimal mutual information. In this paper we find the measurement which provides the optimal mutual information about the parity bit and calculate that information. We prove that this information decreases exponentially with the length of the string in the case where the single bit states are almost fully overlapping. We believe this result will be useful in proving the ultimate security of quantum crytography in the presence of noise.
description: 19 pages, RevTeX
Drop impact experiments of non-Newtonian liquids on micro-structured surfaces
Creators: name: Guémas, Marine
name: Marin, Alvaro
name: Lohse, Detlef
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The spreading dynamics of Newtonian liquids have been extensively studied in hydrophilic and hydrophobic surfaces and its behavior has been extensively explored over the last years. However, drop impact of Non-Newtonian liquids still needs further study. Luu and Forterre (J. Fluid Mech., 632, 2009) successfully found scaling laws for yield-stress fluids on hydrophilic surfaces. They also uncovered interesting and yet unexplained regimes when the impact was performed on a superhydrophobic surface. In this work, we perform drop impact experiments on micro-patterned surfaces with two types of non-Newtonian liquids: one showing shear-thickening behavior and another one showing shear-thinning. Our results show that a typical shear-thickening liquid as cornstarch -at least a the relatively low concentration of 30\%w/w- spreads according to the scaling laws of Newtonian liquids, whereas visco-elastic liquids as Carbopol behave as predicted by Luu and Forterre for impact on hydrophilic surfaces, but show different scaling laws when they impact on superhydrophobic surfaces.
description: 8 pages, 10 figures
Advancing physics simulation and analysis workflows from customized local clusters to Cori - the HPC optimized sub-million cores system at NERSC
Creators: name: Balewski, Jan
name: Kramer, Matthew
name: Mustafa, Mustafa
name: Lee, Rei
name: Jeff, Porter
name: Vakho Tsulaia
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019

description: Abstract: Over the last few years, many physics experiments migrated their computations from customized locally managed computing clusters to orders of magnitude larger multi-tenant HPC systems often optimized for highly parallelizable long-runtime computations. Historically, physics simulations and analysis workflows were designed for a single core CPUs with abundant RAM, plenty of local storage, direct control of the software stack and job scheduler, exclusive access to physically localized hardware, and predictable steady throughput. We will discuss what changes needed to happen in terms of the data pipeline organization, software, and user habits when computations are executed at scale on Cori, where none of those assumptions are true anymore. STAR experiment at BNL took on the challenge as one of the first. We will discuss the efficient solutions for sustainable processing of experimental data at HPC system 5000 miles away from an experiment, with 2-way just-in-time data transfer. Due to limited administrative privileges at HPC machines, Docker/Shifter become one of the main vehicles to transport custom vetted code to the HPC environment, supplemented by CVMFS software delivery system mounted via DVS servers providing local cache. DayaBay, LZ, ATLAS, and Majorana experiments followed this journey of transformations, by developing schemes for injecting short leaving single core tasks to multi-node, 1000s-core, long run-time jobs scheduled on Cori - the most efficient way to compete with other tenants for CPU cycles. The high variability of scheduling required assembly of 'convoy' jobs composed of many nodes dedicated to the execution of tasks and designating one node to carry a read-only clone of the database. The computing capability of one 'convoy' can be compared to the whole PDSF and one user can schedule 10s of such jobs to run concurrently on Cori. The fine-tuning of tasks concurrency per node to maximize the output for per-node charge-hour given a rather low RAM/CPU ratio and benefiting from 2- or 4-threading capability will be also discussed.
Patient perception of Breezhaler and Ellipta device feedback mechanisms in COPD: the ADVANTAGE study
Creators: name: Altman, Pablo
name: Bergna, Miguel A.
name: Garcia, Gabriel R.
name: Guerin, Tadhg
name: Pino, Andrea V.
name: Whiteford, John L.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: Hematology

description: Objectives: The primary objective of the ADVANTAGE study was to compare device-naïve COPD patients’ perception of the Breezhaler® and Ellipta® devices’ feedback mechanisms of dose delivery confirmation. The secondary objective was to assess comfort with the inhalers’ mouthpiece in terms of ease to form a tight seal around the mouthpiece. These objectives were achieved by using a novel, patient perception of inhaler questionnaire developed and tested during cognitive interviews of patients, by Evidera, London, United Kingdom. Methods: Ten COPD patients were interviewed to collect feedback on the interpretation, relevance and language of the questionnaire. This questionnaire was then used in ADVANTAGE to compare patients’ perception (n = 100) of both devices. Patients completed the questionnaire after a single inhalation of placebo through each inhaler. Results: Using the final questionnaire, patients reported being more confident of the feedback mechanism of Breezhaler than with the Ellipta device (mean score 4.3 versus 3.6 respectively, estimated difference [95% CI]: 0.75 [0.51, 0.99], P<0.0001). Patients also reported better comfort (ease to form a tight seal with the lips) with the Breezhaler mouthpiece than the Ellipta mouthpiece (mean score 4.3 versus 3.9 respectively, estimated difference [95% CI]: 0.41 [0.21, 0.61], P<0.0001). There were no safety concerns associated with either device. Conclusion: COPD patients showed greater preference for the Breezhaler over the Ellipta inhaler for confidence of dose delivery and comfort of the mouthpiece.
Conservative regularization of compressible dissipationless two-fluid plasmas
Creators: name: Krishnaswami, Govind S.
name: Sachdev, Sonakshi
name: Thyagaraja, Anantanarayanan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper extends our earlier approach [cf. Phys. Plasmas 17, 032503 (2010), 23, 022308 (2016)] to obtaining a priori bounds on enstrophy in neutral fluids (R-Euler) and ideal magnetohydrodynamics (R-MHD). This results in a far-reaching local, three-dimensional, non-linear, dispersive generalization of a KdV-type regularization to compressible/incompressible dissipationless two-fluid plasmas and models derived therefrom (quasi-neutral, Hall and ideal MHD). It involves the introduction of vortical and magnetic `twirl' terms $λ_l^2 ({\bf w}_l + \frac{q_l}{m_l} {\bf B}) \times (\nabla \times {\bf w}_l)$ in the ion/electron velocity equations ($l = i,e$) where ${\bf w}_l = \nabla \times {\bf v}_l$ are vorticities. The cut-off lengths $λ_l$ must be inversely proportional to the square-roots of the number densities $(λ_l^2 n_l = C_l)$ and may be taken as Debye lengths or skin-depths. A novel feature is that the `flow' current $\sum_l q_l n_l {\bf v}_l$ in Ampere's law is augmented by a solenoidal `twirl' current $\sum_l \nabla \times \nabla \times λ_l^2 {\bf j}_{{\rm flow},l}$. The resulting equations imply conserved linear and angular momenta and a positive definite swirl energy density ${\cal E}^*$ which includes an enstrophic contribution $\sum_l (1/2) λ_l^2 ρ_l {\bf w}_l^2$. It is shown that the equations admit a Hamiltonian-Poisson bracket formulation. Furthermore, singularities in $\nabla \times {\bf B}$ are conservatively regularized by adding $(λ_B^2/2 μ_0) (\nabla \times {\bf B})^2$ to ${\cal E}^*$. Finally, it is proved that among regularizations that admit a Hamiltonian formulation and preserve the continuity equations along with the symmetries of the ideal model, the twirl term is unique and minimal in non-linearity and space derivatives of velocities.
description: 13 pages, extended Discussion section, similar to published version
Better the Puppet?*
Creators: Currie, James Robert
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2002
Subjects: Music

description: Bathos-it is something that many of us fear we might find ourselves
having to experience in the face of art. Who has not gone to art in need of
something, requiring to be healed in some way, yet nervous that magic
might not make an appearance that evening-anxious that one might have
to leave at the end laden down with the depressing thought that one had
never managed to transcend the literal fact that, for example, one had
been sitting in a theater watching a play? When we return outside, do we
not want that slightly far-away look in our eyes, that secret smile that says
that whilst we were in the theater we were not just in the theater? Do we
not desire to be able to feel that we "lost ourselves" and yet, at the same
time, were able to find the person we had lost in the first place, the person
whose disappearance instigated our being drawn toward art: in other words,
ourselves?
A variable partially-polarizing beam splitter
Creators: name: Flórez, Jefferson
name: Carlson, Nathan J.
name: Nacke, Codey H.
name: Giner, Lambert
name: Lundeen, Jeff S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present designs for variably polarizing beam splitters. These are beam splitters allowing the complete and independent control of the horizontal and vertical polarization splitting ratios. They have quantum optics and quantum information applications, such as quantum logic gates for quantum computing and non-local measurements for quantum state estimation. At the heart of each design is an interferometer. We experimentally demonstrate one particular implementation, a displaced Sagnac interferometer configuration, that provides an inherent instability to air currents and vibrations. Furthermore, this design does not require any custom-made optics but only common components which can be easily found in an optics laboratory.
description: 9 pages, 8 figures