cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: Der Einfluss von Design Thinking Praktiken im Unternehmens- und Kooperationskontext: Eine empirische Untersuchung
Creators: name: Loderer, Maria
Publisher: name: UNSPECIFIED
Year: 2023

description: Die Einführung innovativer Arbeitsmethoden durch etablierte Unternehmen, wie beispielsweise Design Thinking gewinnt zunehmend an Bedeutung, um den Anforderungen einer nutzerzentrierten Entwicklung gerecht zu werden. Außerdem arbeiten etablierte Unternehmen mit anderen Unternehmen, insbesondere mit Start-ups zusammen, um gemeinsam neue und innovative Produkte zu entwickeln und hierdurch mit raschen Marktveränderungen Schritt zu halten. Design Thinking und Unternehmenskooperationen bieten vielversprechende Möglichkeiten zur Steigerung des Innovationspotenzials, stellen jedoch auch verschiedene kulturelle und strukturelle Hürden dar, die es zu überwinden gilt. Das Zusammenspiel zwischen Design Thinking und Unternehmenskooperationen und wie sich ein gemeinsamer, kollaborativer Arbeitsansatz auf die Unternehmenskooperationen auswirkt, ist bisher jedoch weitgehend unklar. Dieses Zusammenspiel zwischen Design Thinking und Open Innovation ist das primäre Forschungsthema dieser Dissertation. Hierzu wurden eine multiple Fallstudie mit 41 Interviews in 20 Start-up-Industrie-Kooperationen und eine quantitative Fragebogenstudie in 212 Projekten in 78 Unternehmen durchgeführt, um den Einfluss von Design Thinking Praktiken in Unternehmenskooperationen, insbesondere in Start-up-Industrie-Kooperationen zu untersuchen. Dabei werden auch die Wechselwirkungen zwischen ausgewählten projektbezogenen Einflussfaktoren und deren Einflüsse auf die Auswirkungen von Design Thinking Praktiken analysiert. Außerdem untersucht diese Dissertation das Zusammenspiel von Design Thinking Kultur und Organisationskultur. Während die meisten Studien in diesem Zusammenhang mit qualitativen Methoden arbeiten, werden in dieser Dissertation mit einem quantitativen Forschungsansatz kulturelle Antezedenzien hinsichtlich der Organisationsperspektive, der Teamperspektive und der externen Orientierung anhand von 380 Projekten in 93 Unternehmen untersucht. Die Ergebnisse dieser Dissertation zeigen, dass Design Thinking Praktiken die Zusammenarbeit mit externen Partnern verbessern und letztlich den Projekterfolg steigern können. Für eine erfolgreiche Implementierung von Design Thinking Praktiken ist es für Unternehmen entscheidend, eine offene und unterstützende Organisationskultur zu etablieren. Diese Studie trägt zur bestehenden Literatur zu Design Thinking und Open Innovation bei, indem sie die Wirksamkeit des Design Thinking Ansatzes im Kontext der interorganisationalen Zusammenarbeit, insbesondere in Start-up-Industrie-Kooperationen aufzeigt. Außerdem erweitert diese Dissertation die Literatur auf dem Gebiet der Organisationskultur. Diese Arbeit gehört zu einer der ersten Forschungen, die quantitative Erkenntnisse über die kulturellen Antezedenzien für Design Thinking Praktiken und deren Auswirkungen auf die Implementierung liefert.
Wärmepumpen - Heizen wir in Zukunft mit Strom?
Creators: name: Köhler, Martin
Publisher: name: Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, DESY, Hamburg
Year: 2022

description: Science Cafe, Hamburg, DESY, Germany, 23 Nov 2022 - 23 Nov 2022
description: Die Absatzzahlen für Wärmepumpen sind in den vergangenen Jahren deutlich gestiegen und nicht zuletzt auf Grund der staatliche Förderung rechnet die Branche für 2022 mit einem Wachstumsschub.Andererseits gibt es physikalisch und technische Rahmenbedingungen, die beachtet werden müssen, damit es nach einem Austausch nicht zu unerwünschten Kostensteigerungen kommt. In diesem Vortrag geht es um die physikalischen Funktionsweisen der verschiedenen Wärmepumpen und was verschiedene Kennzahlen (z.B. COP, Schalldruckpegel, ...) bedeuten. Ob und wenn ja welches konkrete Modell im Einzelfall zum Einsatz kommen könnte, muss aber immer individuell untersucht werden.
Writing as a tool for healing : exploring preservice teachers’ writing related to trauma and healing
Creators: name: Adair, Laura Van Dike
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 2023
Subjects: Trauma
Healing
Writing
Writing pedagogy
Preservice teachers

description: The purpose of this study was to better understand how writing experiences related to trauma and healing shaped preservice teachers’ identities and understandings of trauma in addition to informing their writing pedagogies. Building on Dutro’s (2019) notions of trauma-centered writing and critical witnessing practices, I used a multiple case studies design to study how six preservice teachers engaged in writing related to trauma and healing within an Adolescent Literacy course. In addition to written artifact, my data included interviews and class Zoom recordings. To frame my exploration of preservice teachers’ experiences writing, sharing, and/or witnessing trauma and healing-centered writing and how they conceptualized these experiences in relation to their own teaching, I drew on Holland, Lachicotte, Skinner, and Cain’s (2001) “figured worlds,” Wissman and Wiseman’s (2011) “narrative control,” and Dutro’s (2019) “critical witnessing.” The following research questions guided this study: (1) How do writing experiences related to trauma and healing shape preservice teachers’ personal identity development? (2) How do writing experiences related to trauma and healing shape preservice teachers’ understanding of traumatic experiences? (3) How do writing experiences related to trauma and healing inform preservice teachers’ writing pedagogies? The data indicated that writing related to trauma and healing increased agency, empathy, and authenticity among both writers and witnesses. Whereas trauma was a disruptive experience (LaCapra, 2001) that fractured and dysregulated the self (Camangian, 2010; Mutch & Latai, 2019), the act of putting words to their experiences moved preservice teachers towards whole-person integration (MacCurdy, 2007), authentic self-representation (Bradshaw, 2005; Brown, 2010, 2015), and empathetic unsettlement (LaCapra, 2001). Data also showed that through processes of naming, organizing, restorying, and sharing traumatic experiences, healing was possible. Preservice teachers gained control over their traumatic memories, a process that facilitated both individual and collective healing. These open-ended writing invitations and critical witnessing postures created sacred truth spaces (San Pedro, 2017) that preservice teachers planned to emulate in their own writing pedagogies. Overall, this study contributes to understandings of humanizing and healing literacy experiences within teacher education and the potential for these experiences to inform preservice teachers’ work in classroom settings.
Rethinking Normalization Methods in Federated Learning
Creators: name: Du, Zhixu
name: Sun, Jingwei
name: Li, Ang
name: Chen, Pin-Yu
name: Zhang, Jianyi
name: Li, Hai "Helen"
name: Chen, Yiran
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Federated learning (FL) is a popular distributed learning framework that can reduce privacy risks by not explicitly sharing private data. In this work, we explicitly uncover external covariate shift problem in FL, which is caused by the independent local training processes on different devices. We demonstrate that external covariate shifts will lead to the obliteration of some devices' contributions to the global model. Further, we show that normalization layers are indispensable in FL since their inherited properties can alleviate the problem of obliterating some devices' contributions. However, recent works have shown that batch normalization, which is one of the standard components in many deep neural networks, will incur accuracy drop of the global model in FL. The essential reason for the failure of batch normalization in FL is poorly studied. We unveil that external covariate shift is the key reason why batch normalization is ineffective in FL. We also show that layer normalization is a better choice in FL which can mitigate the external covariate shift and improve the performance of the global model. We conduct experiments on CIFAR10 under non-IID settings. The results demonstrate that models with layer normalization converge fastest and achieve the best or comparable accuracy for three different model architectures.
description: Submitted to DistributedML'22 workshop
Measurement of electrons from heavy-flavour decays in Pb-Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}} = 2.76$ TeV with ALICE
Creators: name: Thomas, Deepa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The measurement of heavy-flavour (charm and beauty) production in ultra-relativistic heavy-ion collisions provides an important contribution to the study of the properties of the hot and dense medium created in such collisions. One approach to measure heavy-flavour production is via electrons from semi-leptonic decays of heavy-flavour hadrons. In this contribution we present the nuclear modification factor $(R_{\rm{AA}})$ and the azimuthal anisotropy $(v_{2})$ of heavy-flavour decay electrons in Pb-Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_\mathit{\rm{NN}}}= 2.76$ TeV, which are sensitive to the interaction of c and b quarks with the medium. We also present, for the first time, the azimuthal angular correlations of heavy-flavour decay electrons and charged hadrons, $Δϕ(\mathit{HFE},h)$, in Pb-Pb collisions and the corresponding near-side yield ratio $(I_{\rm{AA}})$.
description: 4 pages, Strange Quark Matter conference proceeding
Verification of A Security Adaptive Protocol Suite Using SPIN
Creators: name: Ripon, Shamim
name: Mahbub, Sumaya
name: Intiaz-ud-Din, K. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The advancement of mobile and wireless communication technologies in recent years introduced various adaptive protocols to adapt the need for secured communications. Security is a crucial success factor for any communication protocols, especially in mobile environment due to its ad hoc behavior. Formal verification plays an important role in development and application of safety critical systems. Formalized exhausted verification techniques to analyze the security and the safety properties of communications protocols increase and confirm the protocol confidence. SPIN is a powerful model checker that verifies the correctness of distributed communication models in a rigorous and automated fashion. This short paper proposes a SPIN based formal verification approach of a security adaptive protocol suite. The protocol suite includes a neighbor discovery mechanism and routing protocol. Both parts of the protocol suite are modeled into SPIN and exhaustively checked various temporal properties which ensure the applicability of the protocol suite in real-life applications.
description: 3 pages, 1 Figure
Classification of the Finite-Dimensional Real Division Composition Algebras having a Non-Abelian Derivation Algebra
Creators: name: Alsaody, Seidon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 17A35, 17A36, 17A75

description: We classify the category of finite-dimensional real division composition algebras having a non-abelian Lie algebra of derivations. Our complete and explicit classification is largely achieved by introducing the concept of a quasi-description of a category, and using it to express the problem in terms of normal form problems for certain group actions on products of 3-spheres.
Spectra of faint sources in crowded fields with FRODOSpec on the Liverpool Robotic Telescope
Creators: name: Shalyapin, Vyacheslav N.
name: Goicoechea, Luis J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We check the performance of the FRODOSpec integral-field spectrograph for observations of faint sources in crowded fields. Although the standard processing pipeline L2 yields too noisy fibre spectra, we present a new processing software (L2LENS) that gives rise to accurate spectra for the two images of the gravitationally lensed quasar Q0957+561. Among other things, this L2LENS reduction tool accounts for the presence of cosmic-ray events, scattered-light backgrounds, blended sources, and chromatic source displacements due to differential atmospheric refraction. Our non-standard reduction of Q0957+561 data shows the ability of FRODOSpec to provide useful information on a wide variety of targets, and thus, the big potential of integral-field spectrographs on current and future robotic telescopes.
description: 12 pages, 12 figures, 1 appendix (User's guide for the L2LENS software; see also http://grupos.unican.es/glendama/LQLM_tools.htm); correct versions of figures 1 (top panel) and 6
High Energy Density Mixed Polymeric Phase From Carbon Monoxide and Nitrogen
Creators: name: Raza, Zamaan
name: Pickard, Chris J.
name: Pinilla, Carlos
name: Saitta, A. Marco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Carbon monoxide and nitrogen are among the potentially interesting high-energy density materials. However, in spite of the physical similarities of the molecules, they behave very differently at high pressures. Using density functional theory and structural prediction methods, we examine the ability of these systems to combine their respective properties and form novel mixed crystalline phases under pressures of up to 100 GPa. Interestingly, we find that CO catalyzes the molecular dissociation of N2, which means mixed structures are favored at a relatively low pressure (below 18 GPa), and that a three-dimensional framework with Pbam symmetry becomes the most stable phase above 52 GPa, i.e., at much milder conditions than in pure solid nitrogen. This structure is dynamically stable at ambient pressure and has an energy density of approximately 2:2 kJ/g, making it a candidate for a high-energy density material, and one that could be achieved at less prohibitive experimental conditions.
description: 4 pages, 11 figures
Learnware: Small Models Do Big
Creators: name: Zhou, Zhi-Hua
name: Tan, Zhi-Hao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: There are complaints about current machine learning techniques such as the requirement of a huge amount of training data and proficient training skills, the difficulty of continual learning, the risk of catastrophic forgetting, the leaking of data privacy/proprietary, etc. Most research efforts have been focusing on one of those concerned issues separately, paying less attention to the fact that most issues are entangled in practice. The prevailing big model paradigm, which has achieved impressive results in natural language processing and computer vision applications, has not yet addressed those issues, whereas becoming a serious source of carbon emissions. This article offers an overview of the learnware paradigm, which attempts to enable users not need to build machine learning models from scratch, with the hope of reusing small models to do things even beyond their original purposes, where the key ingredient is the specification which enables a trained model to be adequately identified to reuse according to the requirement of future users who know nothing about the model in advance.
description: Cite as: Zhi-Hua Zhou, Zhi-Hao Tan. Learnware: Small models do big. Science China Information Sciences, 2024, 67(1): 112102.01-112102.12
Beyond One-Step-Ahead Forecasting: Evaluation of Alternative Multi-Step-Ahead Forecasting Models for Crude Oil Prices
Creators: name: Xiong, Tao
name: Bao, Yukun
name: Hu, Zhongyi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: An accurate prediction of crude oil prices over long future horizons is challenging and of great interest to governments, enterprises, and investors. This paper proposes a revised hybrid model built upon empirical mode decomposition (EMD) based on the feed-forward neural network (FNN) modeling framework incorporating the slope-based method (SBM), which is capable of capturing the complex dynamic of crude oil prices. Three commonly used multi-step-ahead prediction strategies proposed in the literature, including iterated strategy, direct strategy, and MIMO (multiple-input multiple-output) strategy, are examined and compared, and practical considerations for the selection of a prediction strategy for multi-step-ahead forecasting relating to crude oil prices are identified. The weekly data from the WTI (West Texas Intermediate) crude oil spot price are used to compare the performance of the alternative models under the EMD-SBM-FNN modeling framework with selected counterparts. The quantitative and comprehensive assessments are performed on the basis of prediction accuracy and computational cost. The results obtained in this study indicate that the proposed EMD-SBM-FNN model using the MIMO strategy is the best in terms of prediction accuracy with accredited computational load.
description: 32 pages
title: Identities and methodologies of Border Studies
title: recent empirical and conceptual approaches
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Wille, Christian
name: Gerst, Dominik
name: Krämer, Hannes
Publisher: name: Trier University
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Grenzgebiet
subject: Empirische Sozialforschung
subject: Methodologie

description: Die Border Studies haben in den letzten Jahrzehnten an Bedeutung gewonnen und einen spürbaren Entwicklungsschub erfahren. Dieser äußert sich in einer stärkeren Institutionalisierung, einer Ausdifferenzierung der Erkenntnisinteressen und einer an Prozessen interessierten konzeptionellen Neuorientierung. Wenig Aufmerksamkeit erhielten jedoch bisher Fragen nach den (inter-)disziplinären Selbstverständnissen und methodologischen Grundlagen der Border Studies und den damit verbundenen Konsequenzen für das Forschungshandeln. Das Themenheft adressiert diese Desiderata und versammelt Artikel, die sich mit ihren (inter-)disziplinären Grundlagen sowie method(olog)ischen und forschungspraktischen Fragen auseinandersetzen. Die Autor*innen geben darüber hinaus fundierte Einblicke in ein disparates Arbeitsfeld, legen forschungspraktische Strategien offen und stellen methodologisch versierte Systematisierungen vor.
description: In recent decades, Border Studies have gained importance and have seen a noticeable increase in development. This manifests itself in an increased institutionalization, a differentiation of the areas of research interest and a conceptual reorientation that is interested in examining processes. So far, however, little attention has been paid to questions about (inter)disciplinary self-perception and methodological foundations of Border Studies and the associated consequences for research activities. This thematic issue addresses these desiderata and brings together articles that deal with their (inter)disciplinary foundations as well as method(olog)ical and practical research questions. The authors also provide sound insights into a disparate field of work, disclose practical research strategies, and present methodologically sophisticated systematizations.
description: Les Border Studies ont gagné en importance au cours des dernières décennies et ont connu une poussée de développement notable. Cela se traduit par une institutionnalisation plus forte, une différenciation des intérêts de recherche et une réorientation conceptuelle axée sur des processus. Cependant, peu d'attention a été accordée jusqu'à présent aux questions concernant l'auto-compréhension (inter)disciplinaire, les fondements méthodologiques des Border Studies et les conséquences qui en découlent pour la recherche. Ce cahier thématique aborde ces desiderata et réunit des articles qui traitent de leurs fondements (inter)disciplinaires ainsi que de questions méthodologiques et pratiques. En outre, les auteurs donnent des renseignements fondés sur un domaine de travail disparate, révèlent des stratégies de recherche et présentent des systématisations sur le plan méthodologique.
Lie group classification and invariant exact solutions of the generalized Kompaneets equations
Creators: name: Patsiuk, Oleksii
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper, from the group-theoretic point of view it is investigated such class of the generalized Kompaneets equations (GKEs): $$u_t=\frac1{x^2}\cdot\left[x^4(u_x+f(u))\right]_x, \ (t,x) \in \mathbb{R}_{+} \times \mathbb{R}_{+},$$ where $u=u(t,x)$, $u_t=\frac{\partial u}{\partial t}$, $u_x=\frac{\partial u}{\partial x}$, $u_{xx}=\frac{\partial^2 u}{\partial x^2}$; $f(u)$ is an arbitrary smooth function of the variable $u$. Using the Lie--Ovsiannikov algorithm, the group classification of the class under study is carried out. It is shown that the kernel algebra of the full groups of the GKEs is the one-dimensional Lie algebra $\mathfrak{g}^\cap=\langle \partial_t \rangle$. Using the direct method, the equivalence group $G^\sim$ of the class is found. It is obtained six non-equivalent (up to the equivalence transformations from the group $G^\sim$) GKEs that allow wider invariance algebras than $\mathfrak{g}^\cap$. It is shown that, among the non-linear equations from the class, the GKE with the function $f(u)=u^{\frac43}$ has the maximal symmetry properties, namely, it admits a three-dimensional maximal Lie invariance algebra. Using the obtained operators, it is found all possible non-equivalent group-invariant exact solutions of the GKE under consider.
description: 20 pages
Packing Densities of Delzant and Semitoric Polygons
Creators: name: Du, Yu
name: Kosmacher, Gabriel
name: Liu, Yichen
name: Massman, Jeff
name: Palmer, Joseph
name: Thieme, Timothy
name: Wu, Jerry
name: Zhang, Zheyu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Symplectic Geometry (math.SG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Exploiting the relationship between 4-dimensional toric and semitoric integrable systems with Delzant and semitoric polygons, respectively, we develop techniques to compute certain equivariant packing densities and equivariant capacities of these systems by working exclusively with the polygons. This expands on results of Pelayo and Pelayo-Schmidt. We compute the densities of several important examples and we also use our techniques to solve the equivariant semitoric perfect packing problem, i.e., we list all semitoric polygons for which the associated semitoric system admits an equivariant packing which fills all but a set of measure zero of the manifold. This paper also serves as a concise and accessible introduction to Delzant and semitoric polygons in dimension four.
Direct Imaging of Planet Transit Events
Creators: name: van Belle, Gerard T.
name: von Braun, Kaspar
name: Boyajian, Tabetha
name: Schaefer, Gail
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Exoplanet transit events are attractive targets for the ultrahigh-resolution capabilities afforded by optical interferometers. The intersection of two developments in astronomy enable direct imaging of exoplanet transits: first, improvements in sensitivity and precision of interferometric instrumentation; and second, identification of ever-brighter host stars. Efforts are underway for the first direct high-precision detection of closure phase signatures with the CHARA Array and Navy Precision Optical Interferometer. When successful, these measurements will enable recovery of the transit position angle on the sky, along with characterization of other system parameters, such as stellar radius, planet radius, and other parameters of the transit event. This technique can directly determine the planet's radius independent of any outside observations, and appears able to improve substantially upon other determinations of that radius; it will be possible to extract wavelength dependence of that radius determination, for connection to characterization of planetary atmospheric composition & structure. Additional directly observed parameters - also not dependent on transit photometry or spectroscopy - include impact parameter, transit ingress time, and transit velocity.
description: 4 pages, 1 figure, from IAU293 proceedings
Optimizing Rydberg Gates for Logical Qubit Performance
Creators: name: Jandura, Sven
name: Thompson, Jeff D
name: Pupillo, Guido
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Robust gate sequences are widely used to reduce the sensitivity of gate operations to experimental imperfections. Typically, the optimization minimizes the average gate error, however, recent work in quantum error correction has demonstrated that the performance of encoded logical qubits is sensitive to not only the average error rate, but also the type of errors that occur. Here, we present a family of Rydberg blockade gates for neutral atom qubits that are robust against two common, major imperfections: intensity inhomogeneity and Doppler shifts. These gates outperform existing gates for moderate or large imperfections. We also consider the logical performance of these gates in the context of an erasure-biased qubit based on metastable $~^{171}$Yb. In this case, we observe that the robust gates outperform existing gates for even very small values of the imperfections, because they maintain the native large bias towards erasure errors for these qubits. These results significantly reduce the laser stability and atomic temperature requirements to achieve fault-tolerant quantum computing with neutral atoms. The approach of optimizing gates for logical qubit performance may be applied to other qubit platforms.
description: v3: Added discussion of AC-Stark shifts; v2: Updated references
Chemical abundance analysis of the old, rich open cluster Trumpler 20
Creators: name: Carraro, Giovanni
name: Villanova, Sandro
name: Monaco, Lorenzo
name: Beccari, Giacomo
name: Ahumada, Javier
name: Boffin, Henri
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Trumpler 20 is an open cluster located at low Galactic longitude, just beyond the great Carina spiral arm, and whose metallicity and fundamental parameters were very poorly known until now. As it is most likely a rare example of an old, rich open cluster -- possibly a twin of NGC 7789 -- it is useful to characterize it. To this end, we determine here the abundance of several elements and their ratios in a sample of stars in the clump of Trumpler 20. The primary goal is to measure Trumpler 20 metallicity, so far very poorly constrained, and revise the cluster's fundamental parameters. We present high-resolution spectroscopy of eight clump stars. Based on their radial velocities, we identify six bona fide cluster members, and for five of them (the sixth being a fast rotator) we perform a detailed abundance analysis. We find that Trumpler 20 is slightly more metal-rich than the Sun, having [Fe/H]=+0.09$\pm$0.10. The abundance ratios of alpha-elements are generally solar. In line with recent studies of clusters as old as Trumpler 20, Ba is overabundant compared to the Sun. Our analysis of the iron-peak elements (Cr and Ni) does not reveal anything anomalous. Based on these results, we re-estimate the cluster age to be 1.5$^{+0.2}_{-0.1}$ Gyr. Its distance to the Galactic centre turns out to be 7.3 kpc. With this distance and metallicity, Trumpler 20 fits fairly well in the metallicity gradient for the galactic inner disc. With this new study, the characterization of Trumpler~20 is now on much more solid ground. Further studies should focus on the estimate of the binary fraction and on its main sequence membership.
description: 13 pages, 6 eps figures, in press in Astronomy and Astrophysics
Quantum Fourier Transform Has Small Entanglement
Creators: name: Chen, Jielun
name: Stoudenmire, E. M.
name: White, Steven R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Quantum Fourier Transform (QFT) is a key component of many important quantum algorithms, most famously as being the essential ingredient in Shor's algorithm for factoring products of primes. Given its remarkable capability, one would think it can introduce large entanglement to qubit systems and would be difficult to simulate classically. While early results showed QFT indeed has maximal operator entanglement, we show that this is entirely due to the bit reversal in the QFT. The core part of the QFT has Schmidt coefficients decaying exponentially quickly, and thus it can only generate a constant amount of entanglement regardless of the number of qubits. In addition, we show the entangling power of the QFT is the same as the time evolution of a Hamiltonian with exponentially decaying interactions, and thus a variant of the area law for dynamics can be used to understand the low entanglement intuitively. Using the low entanglement property of the QFT, we show that classical simulations of the QFT on a matrix product state with low bond dimension only take time linear in the number of qubits, providing a potential speedup over the classical fast Fourier transform (FFT) on many classes of functions. We demonstrate this speedup in test calculations on some simple functions. For data vectors of length $10^6$ to $10^8$, the speedup can be a few orders of magnitude.
description: 30 pages, 9 figures
Iron responsive cell surface proteins in Thalassiosira pseudonana as probed by biotinylation and mass spectrometry
Creators: name: New, Ashley M.
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2013

description: We investigated the cell-surface enriched proteome of Thalassiosira pseudonana under growth rate limiting (60-70% µ-max) and replete Fe conditions to better understand transporters that may be involved in Fe uptake. High and low Fe cultures were grown in the presence of 15N-NO3- (>98%) and 14N-NO3- (natural abundance), respectively, enabling relative quantification of proteins. In an effort to identify cell surface proteins, a cell surface labeling and enrichment method was developed and tested. Briefly, cell surface proteins were labeled with a free-amine reactive biotinylation reagent, soluble proteins were removed by membrane lysis and centrifugation, and biotinylated proteins were enriched on a neutravidin resin. Optimal conditions were sought for each of these three processes to increase coverage of cell surface labeled proteins. After elution, extracts were subjected to SDS-PAGE, in-gel tryptic digestion, and separation via liquid chromatography before identification and quantification by tandem mass spectrometry. Identification of cell surface proteins proved problematic due to biotinylation of some intracellular proteins and differential typtic digestion from the presence of the biotin linker arm. We obtained a greater than two-fold increase in abundance of the plasma membrane iron (III) permease (FTR1) under low Fe. A second FTR homolog was identified, indicating the presence of multiple Fe uptake pathways.
Diversity of planetary systems in low-mass disks: Terrestrial-type planet formation and water delivery
Creators: name: Ronco, María Paula
name: de Elía, Gonzalo C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Several studies, observational and theoretical, suggest that planetary systems with only rocky planets should be the most common in the Universe. We study the diversity of planetary systems that might form around Sun-like stars in low-mass disks without giant planets. We focus on the formation process of terrestrial planets in the habitable zone (HZ) and analyze their water contents with the goal to determine systems of astrobiological interest. Besides, we study the formation of planets on wide orbits because they can be detected with the microlensing technique. N-body simulations of high resolution (embryos + planetesimals) are developed for a wide range of surface density profiles. The surface density profile combines a power law to the inside of the disk of the form r^{-gamma}, with an exponential decay to the outside. We adopt a disk of 0.03M_sun and values of gamma = 0.5, 1 and 1.5. All our simulations form planets in the HZ with different masses and final water contents depending on the 3 profiles. For gamma = 0.5, we produce 3 planets in the HZ with masses between 0.03 M_e to 0.1 M_e and water contents between 0.2 and 16 Earth oceans. For gamma = 1, 3 planets form in the HZ with masses between 0.18 M_e and 0.52 M_e and water contents from 34 to 167 Earth oceans. For gamma = 1.5, we find 4 planets in the HZ with masses from 0.66 M_e to 2.21 M_e and water contents between 192 and 2326 Earth oceans. This profile shows distinctive results because it is the only one of those studied here that leads to the formation of water worlds. Since planetary systems with gamma = 1 and 1.5 present planets in the HZ with suitable masses to retain a long-live atmosphere and to maintain plate tectonics, they seem to be the most outstanding candidates to be potentially habitable. Particularly, these systems form Earths and Super-Earths near the snow line which can be discovered by microlensing.
description: Accepted for publication in Astronomy and Astrophysics - 13 pages, 11 figures
A geophysical characterization and monitoring strategy for determining controls on groundwater-surface water exchange regulating contaminant transport at the Hanford 300-Area
Creators: name: Mwakanyamale, Kisa
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2012

description: The transport of Uranium contaminated groundwater to the Columbia River in the hyporheic corridor of the U.S. Department of Energy Hanford 300-Area, Richland, Washington, is influenced by the depth and location of the Hanford-Ringold contact. Ringold Formation sediments have distinct physicochemical properties compared to the Hanford Formation sediments through which groundwater flows. Definition of the spatial variability and the depth to the Hanford-Ringold contact across the site is crucial to improve understanding of contaminant transport between the aquifer and the river. This dissertation focuses on the use of geophysical datasets to build a hydrological framework for understanding groundwater-surface water interaction and mixing of Uranium contaminated groundwater with Columbia River. Geophysical data including resistivity, induced polarization (IP) and streambed temperature were collected in the 300-Area. The first part of this dissertation report on the use of resistivity/IP survey to image spatial distribution of the primary lithologic units controlling flow across the site. The Hanford- Ringold contact is clearly identified from the sharp contrast in polarizability between the two units. Variation in the elevation of this contact provides evidence of a depression in the Hanford-Ringold contact connecting the aquifer and the river, likely facilitating flow and transport at the site. Fiber-optic cables were used for distributed temperature sensing (FO-DTS), to monitor real time temperature along the river corridor. It is recognized that groundwater discharge in 300-Area is controlled by fluctuations in the river stage. The second part of this dissertation focuses on time series and time-frequency analysis of FO-DTS and river stage data to better understand the control of river stage on groundwater discharge. Time series analysis of FO-DTS data identified spatial distribution of groundwater discharge zones on the river bed. Time-frequency analysis provides spatial information on the strength of stage-driven discharge of groundwater along the river corridor. The third part of this dissertation addresses the need for a new approach to extract quantitative information from FO-DTS data while providing an assessment of uncertainty associated with this information. A combination of discriminant analysis and spectral analysis is used to quantitatively map zones of enhanced groundwater discharge while providing measures of classification uncertainty.
Metal contamination in critical watershed in the Highlands drainage basin
Creators: name: Gilchrist, Sivajini
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2010

description: Remnants of extensive mining operations in the Highlands Province have undergone natural attenuation for the past century or more but still pose an environmental threat to this critical watershed in some cases. The Highlands watershed supplies water to over 15 million people in the 4-state area (Pennsylvania to Connecticut). This study shows the degree and extent of metal contamination from two worst-case scenarios, the Phillips sulfide mine and the Sterling Lake magnetite mines.Acid mine drainage (AMD) at Phillips Mine was identified as the point source of metal contamination with a pH < 3, (minimum pH 1.78). Metal contaminationupstream exceeded local water standards: Al by 1.7, Fe 2.3, Cu 1.2, Co 2.0 and Ni 1.2 orders of magnitude. Efflorescent salts temporarily immobilized Fe2+, SO42-, metals and acidity during dry periods. During wet season, the melanterite salts dissolved completely and acidity remained at pH < 3 at the point source. Sharp declines in Fe, Co, Cu, Ni and Zn occurred at pH 2.58 and 2.71 and at 3.07 and 4.06 with sediments showing an increase in these metals downstream.Phillips Mine soils contained trace metals, pH < 4 and organic matter (OM) <2.5%. Mn-oxides are the major sinks for Co, Cr and Ni (r=0.72, r=0.89, r=0.80, respectively), and Fe-oxides for Cu and Pb (r=0.76, r=0.83, respectively). Copper was determined as the major contaminant. Metal reduction is occurringthrough suspension of fines and dissolution in AMD, leaving behind substantial contaminants << 0.5km from the source, suggesting contamination is localized.Sterling mine soils with pHCaCl2 3.65 – 5.91 contain two soil types: disturbed metal-rich soils and undisturbed OM-rich soils. Cr and Ni were the maincontaminants. OM retained Cr closer to the surface (r = 0.96). With increasing depth, sesquioxides (Fe2O3=r= 0.74; Al2O3=r = 0.92) sorbed Cr. Ni-Cr (r=0.98) and V-Cr (r=0.78) correlations suggest similar retention mechanisms for these elements. Metals in water were below regulated levels, suggesting soils are acting like a natural filtering system. Slag and ash (Cr = 100 and 200 mg/kg, respectively) mixed into the soils enhanced metal contamination that otherwise were within background levels.
Using Alternative Assessments: IGELS Tools, Tips, & Strategies to Enhance Undergraduate Biology for Non-majors
Creators: name: Hoshaw, Justin
name: Fuller, Karla
Publisher: name: QUBES Educational Resources
Year: 2022

description: Alternative assessments focus on learning outcomes and engage students with metacognitive reasoning.​ This workshop session provides an introduction to designing and using rubrics as alternative assessment resources.
Uncovering conformal symmetry in the $3D$ Ising transition: State-operator correspondence from a fuzzy sphere regularization
Creators: name: Zhu, Wei
name: Han, Chao
name: Huffman, Emilie
name: Hofmann, Johannes S.
name: He, Yin-Chen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The $3D$ Ising transition, the most celebrated and unsolved critical phenomenon in nature, has long been conjectured to have emergent conformal symmetry, similar to the case of the $2D$ Ising transition. Yet, the emergence of conformal invariance in the $3D$ Ising transition has rarely been explored directly, mainly due to unavoidable mathematical or conceptual obstructions. Here, we design an innovative way to study the quantum version of the $3D$ Ising phase transition on spherical geometry, using the "fuzzy (non-commutative) sphere" regularization. We accurately calculate and analyze the energy spectra at the transition, and explicitly demonstrate the state-operator correspondence (i.e. radial quantization), a fingerprint of conformal field theory. In particular, we have identified 13 parity-even primary operators within a high accuracy and 2 parity-odd operators that were not known before. Our result directly elucidates the emergent conformal symmetry of the $3D$ Ising transition, a conjecture made by Polyakov half a century ago. More importantly, our approach opens a new avenue for studying $3D$ CFTs by making use of the state-operator correspondence and spherical geometry.
description: Close to the published version with a few extra modifications: 1) Typos (a missing of 1/2 factor in the Hamiltonian) are corrected; 2) Convention of lowest Landau level projection is modified; 3) A typo of pseudo-potentials in Appendix has been corrected
Geophysical estimation of free-phase gas content and distribution in peatlands
Creators: name: Parsekian, Andrew D.
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2011

description: Emissions of methane and carbon dioxide gases from organic soils contribute to the global carbon cycle and may influence climate change. Revealing where these gases accumulate in the subsurface of saturated peat soils is a critical step towards understanding carbon cycling through peatlands. This dissertation presents field and laboratory geophysical investigations of free-phase gas contained within peatlands. Ground-penetrating radar (GPR) was used to estimate the vertical distribution of free- phase gas (FPG) in sites within the Glacial Lake Agassiz Peatland, MN. Bog-crest landforms were characterized by vertical variability in FPG and accumulations up to 24% FPG within the intervals 2-4 m deep. Lawn sites show lower volumes up to 12% FPG and a more even vertical gas distribution. These results demonstrate that spatial distribution of FPG varies vertically in the peat of Glacial Lake Agassiz peatlands depending on landform type. A second study was designed to elucidate spatial variability in FPG two-dimensionally along a transect crossing a bog crest, mid-slope lawn, and fen peat landforms. Variability in gas content and distribution was observed using GPR as a function of peat landform type. Estimated gas content up to 25% was observed in landforms dominated by woody surface vegetation. In the lawn, estimated gas content was > 15%, while estimated gas contents between 0% - 7% were found in the fen. Changes in gas content of up to 20% were observed over a transition between a stand of 10 m tall trees and a fen. These results support conceptual models based on accumulation and storage of FPG. Models relating geophysical measurements to pore water content limit the accuracy of FPG estimates. To improve these models, the dielectric properties of peat samples were measured in response to changes in water content. Dielectric permittivity was measured using GPR at water contents between 0.87 and 0.95 m3 m-3 on four samples with varying levels of humification. The resulting relationships indicate that there are differences in the permittivity-water content relationships between peat samples. Behavior of parameters in the dielectric mixing model indicates that variability in dielectric relationships may be attributed to peat structure.
Presentation: Lithofacies Association Of Fluvial Deposit, Walat Formation In Cibadak Area West Java
Creators: name: Hafiz, Surya Darma
name: Firman Herdiansyah
name: Ramadhan Adhitama
name: Wildan Tri Koesmawardhani
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020

description: This material presented in 2nd ICESE 2020
Chemical characterization of urban air pollutants in precipitation, aerosols and gas-phases in northeast New Jersey in the US east coast
Creators: name: Song, Fei
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2011

description: To chemically characterize urban air pollution in the US east coast, precipitation for water-soluble inorganic/organic ions and trace metals, aerosols for trace metals, and gas-phase samples for NOx, O3 and NO3 were studied in northeast New Jerseymetropolitan areas from 2006 to 2008. Precipitation and aerosols were collected by automatic wet-only precipitation collector and MOUDI (Multi-Orifice Uniform Deposit Impactor), respectively, while gaseous pollutants were measured by O3/NOx analyzers. Results showed that sulfate (SO4 2-) and ammonium (NH4 +) are the most dominant ions controlling the precipitation acidity (pH 3.8 ~ 6.4). Acetate (CH3COO−) and formate (HCOO−) are the major water-soluble organic acid species in the region. The elements Al,Zn and Fe are dominant in the mass of the trace metals measured. Major sources for pollutants in precipitation were identified as: (1) nitrogen-enriched soil, (2) secondary pollution processes, (3) marine sources, (4) incineration, (5) oil combustion, and (6) malonate-vanadium-enriched sources. About half of the precipitation events were characterized by mixed sources. For the size distributions of aerosol particles collected during this study, the total aerosol mass showed a typical bimodal distribution with two peaks around 0.32-0.56μm and 3.2-5.6μm. Typical crustal trace metals (Fe, Cu, Mn and Sc) had coarse particulateaccumulation mode and their enrichment factors showed tilted normal distributions pattern peaking at 1.0-1.8μm, while the other trace metals had fine particulate accumulation mode and their enrichment factor showed monotonic decline patterns withoverwhelmingly high peaks in the size range of 0.18-0.32μm. Three major traffic relatedsources for trace metals were identified: (1) brake wear and fuel combustion, (2) primary fuel combustion, and (3) tire abrasion and fuel combustion. Results from the gas-phase measurements showed significant diurnal and weekday/weekend variations in the O3 concentrations, with higher concentrations beingfound during the daytime and on weekends. The 24-h diurnal variations of O3 and NOx showed a typical four-periods pattern: (1) morning NOx peak, (2) mid-day O3 formation, (3) afternoon NOx accumulation, and (4) nighttime balancing. NOx and O3 showed negative correlations indicating possible VOC-sensitive characteristics while no obvious influence of HNO3 on O3 was observed.
PHARE : Parallel hybrid particle-in-cell code with patch-based adaptive mesh refinement
Creators: name: Aunai, Nicolas
name: Smets, Roch
name: Ciardi, Andrea
name: Deegan, Philip
name: Jeandet, Alexis
name: Payet, Thibault
name: Guyot, Nathan
name: Darrieumerlou, Loic
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Modeling multi-scale collisionless magnetized processes constitutes an important numerical challenge. By treating electrons as a fluid and ions kinetically, the so-called hybrid Particle-In-Cell (PIC) codes represent a promising intermediary between fully kinetic codes, limited to model small scales and short durations, and magnetohydrodynamic codes used large scale. However, simulating processes at scales significantly larger than typical ion particle dynamics while resolving sub-ion dissipative current sheets remain extremely difficult. This paper presents a new hybrid PIC code with patch-based adaptive mesh refinement. Here, hybrid PIC equations are solved on a hierarchy of an arbitrary number of Cartesian meshes of incrementally finer resolution dynamically mapping regions of interest, and with a refined time stepping. This paper presents how the hybrid PIC algorithm is adapted to evolve such mesh hierarchy and the validation of the code on a uniform mesh, fixed refined mesh and dynamically refined mesh.