cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Scalable Bayesian Estimation in the Multinomial Probit Model
Creators: name: Loaiza-Maya, Ruben
name: Nibbering, Didier
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2022
Subjects: Econometric and statistical methods
Econometrics not elsewhere classified

description: The multinomial probit model is a popular tool for analyzing choice behaviour as it allows for correlation between choice alternatives. Because current model specifications employ a full covariance matrix of the latent utilities for the choice alternatives, they are not scalable to a large number of choice alternatives. This paper proposes a factor structure on the covariance matrix, which makes the model scalable to large choice sets. The main challenge in estimating this structure is that the model parameters require identifying restrictions. We identify the parameters by a trace-restriction on the covariance matrix, which is imposed through a reparamatrization of the factor structure. We specify interpretable prior distributions on the model parameters and develop an MCMC sampler for parameter estimation. The proposed approach substantially improves performance in large choice sets relative to existing multinomial probit specifications. Applications to purchase data show the economic importance of including a large number of choice alternatives in consumer choice analysis.
Dust Scattered Radiation in the Galactic Poles
Creators: name: Murthy, Jayant
name: Henry, Richard C.
name: Overduin, James
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have modeled the diffuse background at the Galactic Poles in the far-ultraviolet (FUV: 1536 Å) and the near-ultraviolet (NUV: 2316 Å). The background is well-fit using a single-scattering dust model with an offset representing the extragalactic light plus any other contribution to the diffuse background. We have found a dust albedo of 0.35 -- 0.40 (FUV) and 0.11 -- 0.19 in the NGP ($b > 70^{\circ}$) and 0.46 -- 0.56 (FUV) and 0.31 -- 0.33 (NUV) in the SGP ($b < 70^{\circ}$. The differences in the albedo may reflect changes in the dust-to-gas ratio over the sky or in the dust distribution. We find offsets at zero-reddening of 273 -- 286 and 553 -- 581 photons cm$^{-2}$ s$^{-1}$ sr$^{-1}$ Å$^{-1}$ in the FUV and NUV, respectively, in the NGP with similar values in the SGP.
description: 5 pages, 7 figures, Accepted in Journal of Astronomy and Astrophysics
Designer non-Abelian anyon platforms: from Majorana to Fibonacci
Creators: name: Alicea, Jason
name: Stern, Ady
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The emergence of non-Abelian anyons from large collections of interacting elementary particles is a conceptually beautiful phenomenon with important ramifications for fault-tolerant quantum computing. Over the last few decades the field has evolved from a highly theoretical subject to an active experimental area, particularly following proposals for trapping non-Abelian anyons in `engineered' structures built from well-understood components. In this short overview we briefly tour the impressive progress that has taken place in the quest for the simplest type of non-Abelian anyon---defects binding Majorana zero modes---and then turn to similar strategies for pursuing more exotic excitations. Specifically, we describe how interfacing simple quantum Hall systems with conventional superconductors yields `parafermionic' generalizations of Majorana modes and even Fibonacci anyons---the latter enabling fully fault tolerant universal quantum computation. We structure our treatment in a manner that unifies these topics in a coherent way. The ideas synthesized here spotlight largely uncharted experimental territory in the field of quantum Hall physics that appears ripe for discovery.
description: 10 pages, 4 figures; lighthearted overview for proceedings of Nobel symposium on "New forms of matter: topological insulators and superconductors"
Chasing Nomadic Worlds: A New Class of Deep Space Missions
Creators: name: Lingam, Manasvi
name: Hein, Andreas M.
name: Eubanks, T. Marshall
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Nomadic worlds, i.e., objects not gravitationally bound to any star(s), are of great interest to planetary science and astrobiology. They have garnered attention recently due to constraints derived from microlensing surveys and the recent discovery of interstellar planetesimals. In this paper, we roughly estimate the prevalence of nomadic worlds with radii of $100\,\mathrm{km} \lesssim R \lesssim 10^4\,\mathrm{km}$. The cumulative number density $n_>\left(>R\right)$ appears to follow a heuristic power law given by $n_> \propto R^{-3}$. Therefore, smaller objects are probably much more numerous than larger rocky nomadic planets, and statistically more likely to have members relatively close to the inner Solar system. Our results suggest that tens to hundreds of planet-sized nomadic worlds might populate the spherical volume centered on Earth and circumscribed by Proxima Centauri, and may thus comprise closer interstellar targets than any planets bound to stars. For the first time, we systematically analyze the feasibility of exploring these unbounded objects via deep space missions. We investigate what near-future propulsion systems could allow us to reach nomadic worlds of radius $> R$ in a $50$-year flight timescale. Objects with $R \sim 100$ km are within the purview of multiple propulsion methods such as electric sails, laser electric propulsion, and solar sails. In contrast, nomadic worlds with $R \gtrsim 1000$ km are accessible by laser sails (and perhaps nuclear fusion), thereby underscoring their vast potential for deep space exploration.
description: Published in Acta Astronautica; 21 pages; 3 figures; 1 table
Chain Paradoxes
Creators: name: Virga, Epifanio G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: For nearly two centuries the dynamics of chains have offered examples of paradoxical theoretical predictions. Here we propose a theory for the dissipative dynamics of one-dimensional continua with singularities which provides a unified treatment for chain problems that have suffered from paradoxical solutions. These problems are duly solved within the present theory and their paradoxes removed---we hope.
SER ADULTO AUTISTA Y SUS DILEMAS VITALES — PALACIOS TRIGO, Enrique
Creators: name: Palacios Trigo, Mg. Enrique
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Personality and individual differences
Clinical psychology
Social psychology
Social and personality psychology not elsewhere classified
Community psychology
Educational psychology
Child and adolescent development

description: Desde un inicio tenía la convicción de elegir un tema relacionado al autismo en adultos, por mi profundo interés en la materia y a partir de mi propia condición autista. En la actualidad, no existe un amplio acervo bibliográfico sobre el autismo en la población adulta y menos aún, escritos donde uno pueda acceder a descripciones en primera persona de adultos autistas dialogando sobre sí mismos, puesto que la mayoría de textos se concentran en las conclusiones de investigaciones, sobre todo, en poblaciones infantiles para la identificación de características diagnósticas, abordajes precoces o intervenciones en etapa escolar referentes al aspecto socioemocional y niveles de aprendizaje.
 Por otro lado, mi motivación para desarrollar el tema va en relación a mi deseo de aportar al campo de investigación, dado que el adulto autista estaría quedando camuflado entre la población típica, siendo difícilmente identificado y algunas de sus características singulares podrían estar pasando muy desapercibidas en la edad adulta, como sus afectos, sus formas de procesamiento cognitivo y sensorial, sus profundos intereses, sus maneras de vincularse afectiva y socialmente, sus formas de comunicarse, comportarse y captar la información de su entorno.
Comment on "Do Bloch waves interfere with one another?"
Creators: name: Sowiński, Tomasz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We point out that argumentation presented in [Phys. Lett. A 417, 127699 (2021)], leading to the conclusion that in periodic systems there is a superselection principle forbidding two different Bloch states to form a coherent superposition of a fixed phase, is unjustified and false. As an example, we show that the operator projecting to the selected Wannier state can be experimentally utilized to determine relative phase between superposed Bloch states. In this way we argue that, in fact, the non-existence of the aforementioned superselection principle is manifested always when localized measurements are performed, for example in state-of-the-art experiments with ultracold atoms confined in optical lattices.
description: Author's final version, accepted for publication
Quantum dot detects Majorana modes of both chiralities
Creators: name: Stefański, Piotr
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A tunneling junction between normal electrode and a topological superconducting wire, mediated by a quantum dot, is considered theoretically. We show that the presence of the dot in the junction can be advantageous to Majorana zero modes identification. Namely, we demonstrate that for the dot strongly coupled to the wire, the Majorana mode from the upper chiral sub-band "leaks" into the dot, providing supplementary information on Majorana mode formation. Thus, both the Zeeman-split dot sub-levels detect Majorana partners of a Kramers pair, formed at the wire end. The characteristic three-peak structures in both spin sectors of the spectral density of the dot, distinguish from the trivial scenario of one Andreev resonance at Fermi energy produced exclusively by the dot's spin sub-levels.
description: paper presented at The European Conference Physics of Magnetism 2023, Pozna\'n, Poland, accepted for J. of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials
DEVELOPING AN EDUCATIONAL MODULE ON SITUATIONAL LEADERSHIP DURING INTRAOPERATIVE CRISIS: A DELPHI ANALYSIS
Creators: name: Hester, Caitlin
name: Jin, Elena
name: Kim, Michelle
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: cognitive aid
Delphi analysis
intraoperative crisis
situational leadership

description: The critical nature of an intraoperative crisis requires quick responses through the coordination of an interdisciplinary team in the operating room. With the use of situational leadership, the skillsets of individuals can be organized to maintain patient safety. Cognitive aids are another tool that can be incorporated during an intraoperative crisis to reduce stress and human error. A Delphi analysis was performed amongst 10 anesthesia providers in Southern California. After two rounds of the Delphi analysis, a consensus was reached on important concepts to include in an educational module outline regarding implementing situational leadership during an intraoperative crisis. The outline can be utilized to create an instructional teaching module that will guide anesthesia providers on how to utilize situational leadership during an intraoperative crisis to maintain patient safety during times of crisis.
Impact of micro-telluric lines on precise radial velocities and its correction
Creators: name: Cunha, D.
name: Santos, N. C.
name: Figueira, P.
name: Santerne, A.
name: Bertaux, J. L.
name: Lovis, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Context: In the near future, new instruments such as ESPRESSO will arrive, allowing us to reach a precision in radial-velocity measurements on the order of 10 cm/s. At this level of precision, several noise sources that until now have been outweighed by photon noise will start to contribute significantly to the error budget. The telluric lines that are not neglected by the masks for the radial velocity computation, here called micro-telluric lines, are one such noise source. Aims: In this work we investigate the impact of micro-telluric lines in the radial velocities calculations. We also investigate how to correct the effect of these atmospheric lines on radial velocities. Methods: The work presented here follows two parallel lines. First, we calculated the impact of the micro-telluric lines by multiplying a synthetic solar-like stellar spectrum by synthetic atmospheric spectra and evaluated the effect created by the presence of the telluric lines. Then, we divided HARPS spectra by synthetic atmospheric spectra to correct for its presence on real data and calculated the radial velocity on the corrected spectra. When doing so, one considers two atmospheric models for the synthetic atmospheric spectra: the LBLRTM and TAPAS. Results: We find that the micro-telluric lines can induce an impact on the radial velocities calculation that can already be close to the current precision achieved with HARPS, and so its effect should not be neglected, especially for future instruments such as ESPRESSO. Moreover, we find that the micro-telluric lines' impact depends on factors, such as the radial velocity of the star, airmass, relative humidity, and the barycentric Earth radial velocity projected along the line of sight at the time of the observation.
description: Accepted in A&A
The stabilized set of $p$'s in Krivine's theorem can be disconnected
Creators: name: Beanland, Kevin
name: Freeman, Daniel
name: Motakis, Pavlos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 46B03, 46B06, 46B07, 46B25, 46B45

description: For any closed subset $F$ of $[1,\infty]$ which is either finite or consists of the elements of an increasing sequence and its limit, a reflexive Banach space $X$ with a 1-unconditional basis is constructed so that in each block subspace $Y$ of $X$, $\ell_p$ is finitely block represented in $Y$ if and only if $p \in F$. In particular, this solves the question as to whether the stabilized Krivine set for a Banach space had to be connected. We also prove that for every infinite dimensional subspace $Y$ of $X$ there is a dense subset $G$ of $F$ such that the spreading models admitted by $Y$ are exactly the $\ell_p$ for $p\in G$.
description: 25 pages
Constraining the Oblateness of Kepler Planets
Creators: name: Zhu, Wei
name: Huang, Chelsea
name: Zhou, George
name: Lin, D. N. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use Kepler short cadence light curves to constrain the oblateness of planet candidates in the Kepler sample. The transits of rapidly rotating planets that are deformed in shape will lead to distortions in the ingress and egress of their light curves. We report the first tentative detection of an oblate planet outside of the solar system, measuring an oblateness of $0.22 \pm 0.11$ for the 18 $M_J$ mass brown dwarf Kepler 39b (KOI-423.01). We also provide constraints on the oblateness of the planets (candidates) HAT-P-7b, KOI-686.01, and KOI-197.01 to be < 0.067, < 0.251, and < 0.186, respectively. Using the Q'-values from Jupiter and Saturn, we expect tidal synchronization for the spins of HAT-P-7b, KOI-686.01 and KOI-197.01, and for their rotational oblateness signatures to be undetectable in the current data. The potentially large oblateness of KOI-423.01 (Kepler 39b) suggests that the Q'-value of the brown dwarf needs to be two orders of magnitude larger than that of the solar system gas giants to avoid being tidally spun-down.
description: 19 pages, 15 figures, 9 tables; accepted by ApJ; for a short video introducing the main results, please click https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=txtk9vxLuk4
Probabilistic Forecast Reconciliation: Properties, Evaluation and Score Optimisation
Creators: name: Panagiotelis, Anastasios
name: Gamakumara, Puwasala
name: Athanasopoulos, George
name: Hyndman, Rob J
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2022
Subjects: Econometric and statistical methods
Econometrics not elsewhere classified

description: We develop a framework for prediction of multivariate data that follow some known linear constraints, such as the example where some variables are aggregates of others. This is particularly common when forecasting time series (predicting the future), but also arises in other types of prediction. For point prediction, an increasingly popular technique is reconciliation, whereby predictions are made for all series (so-called `base' predictions) and subsequently adjusted to ensure coherence with the constraints. This paper extends reconciliation from the setting of point prediction to probabilistic prediction. A novel definition of reconciliation is developed and used to construct densities and draw samples from a reconciled probabilistic prediction. In the elliptical case, it is proven that the true predictive distribution can be recovered from reconciliation even when the location and scale matrix of the base prediction are chosen arbitrarily. To find reconciliation weights, an objective function based on scoring rules is optimised. The energy and variogram scores are considered since the log score is improper in the context of comparing unreconciled to reconciled predictions, a result also proved in this paper. To account for the stochastic nature of the energy and variogram scores, optimisation is achieved using stochastic gradient descent. This method is shown to improve base predictions in simulation studies and in an empirical application, particularly when the base prediction models are severely misspecified. When misspecification is not too severe, extending popular reconciliation methods for point prediction can result in a similar performance to score optimisation via stochastic gradient descent. The methods described here are implemented in the ProbReco package for R.
Soliton solutions, Bäcklund transformation and Lax pair for coupled Burgers system via Bell polynomials
Creators: name: Ünsal, Ömer
name: Taşcan, Filiz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, we apply the binary Bell polynomial approach to coupled Burgers system. In other words, we investigate possible integrability of referred system. Bilinear form and soliton solutions are obtained, some figures related to these solutions are given. We also get Bäcklund transformations in both binary Bell polynomial form and bilinear form. Based on the Bäcklund transformation, Lax pair is obtained. Namely, this is a study in which integrabilitiy of coupled burgers system is investigated.
description: 8 pages
Wave Matrix Lindbladization I: Quantum Programs for Simulating Markovian Dynamics
Creators: name: Patel, Dhrumil
name: Wilde, Mark M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Data Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Density Matrix Exponentiation is a technique for simulating Hamiltonian dynamics when the Hamiltonian to be simulated is available as a quantum state. In this paper, we present a natural analogue to this technique, for simulating Markovian dynamics governed by the well known Lindblad master equation. For this purpose, we first propose an input model in which a Lindblad operator $L$ is encoded into a quantum state $ψ$. Then, given access to $n$ copies of the state $ψ$, the task is to simulate the corresponding Markovian dynamics for time $t$. We propose a quantum algorithm for this task, called Wave Matrix Lindbladization, and we also investigate its sample complexity. We show that our algorithm uses $n = O(t^2/\varepsilon)$ samples of $ψ$ to achieve the target dynamics, with an approximation error of $O(\varepsilon)$.
description: 29 pages, 7 figures, published in the journal special issue dedicated to the memory of G\"oran Lindblad
Additional file 5 of The Physical Activity Wearables in the Police Force (PAW-Force) study: acceptability and impact
Creators: name: Buckingham, Sarah Ann
name: Morrissey, Karyn
name: Williams, Andrew James
name: Price, Lisa
name: Harrison, John
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 5. Comparison of individual and social phase: change in mean daily step count, self-reported physical activity (PA) and sedentary time (all participants).
Weak localization in low-symmetry quantum wells
Creators: name: Porubaev, F. V.
name: Golub, L. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Theory of weak localization is developed for electrons in semiconductor quantum wells grown along [110] and [111] crystallographic axes. Anomalous conductivity correction caused by weak localization is calculated for symmetrically doped quantum wells. The theory is valid for both ballistic and diffusion regimes of weak localization in the whole range of classically weak magnetic fields. We demonstrate that in the presence of bulk inversion asymmetry the magnetoresistance is negative: The linear in the electron momentum spin-orbit interaction has no effect on the conductivity while the cubic in momentum coupling suppresses weak localization without a change of the correction sign. Random positions of impurities in the doping layers in symmetrically doped quantum wells produce electric fields which result in position-dependent Rashba coupling. This random spin-orbit interaction leads to spin relaxation which changes the sign of the anomalous magnetoconductivity. The obtained expressions allow determination of electron spin relaxation times in (110) and (111) quantum wells from transport measurements.
description: 10 pages, 4 figures
EVALUATION OF INTRAOPERATIVE HIGH FIO2 COMPLIANCE IN COLORECTAL SURGERY PATIENTS
Creators: name: Hoi, Josiah
name: Lin, Brian
name: Radford, Christopher
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: colorectal surgery
surgical site infections
fraction of inspired oxygen
hyperoxia
SSI
FiO2

description: Surgical site infections are associated with increased morbidity, length of stay, and healthcare costs. Patients undergoing colorectal surgeries are at the highest risk for postoperative surgical site infections. A review of the current literature suggests perioperative use of a high fraction of inspired oxygen can help decrease the incidence of surgical site infections in colorectal surgery patients. A previous group of Kaiser Permanente School of Anesthesia Doctor of Nursing Practice students developed an educational module on the benefits of perioperative hyperoxia. The group implemented the module at the Kaiser West Los Angeles facility. Data collection and analysis by the current authors demonstrated no appreciable differences in anesthesia provider practice regarding intraoperative hyperoxia. Additional educational reinforcements are recommended to facilitate practice change.
Axion field influence on Josephson junction quasipotential
Creators: name: Grimaudo, Roberto
name: Valenti, Davide
name: Spagnolo, Bernardo
name: Troisi, Antonio
name: Filatrella, Giovanni
name: Guarcello, Claudio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The direct effect of an axion field on Josephson junctions is analyzed through the consequences on the effective potential barrier that prevents the junction from switching from the superconducting to the finite-voltage state. We describe a method to reliably compute the quasipotential with stochastic simulations, which allows to span the coupling parameter from weakly interacting axion to tight interactions. As a result, we obtain that the axion field induces a change in the potential barrier, therefore determining a significant detectable effect for such a kind of elusive particle.
description: 13 pages, 3 figures. This article belongs to the Special Issue "Physics and Application of Superconductivity"
Hadroproduction of $t\,\bar{t}\,b\,\bar{b}$ final states at LHC: predictions at NLO accuracy matched with Parton Shower
Creators: name: Garzelli, M. V.
name: Kardos, A.
name: Trocsanyi, Z.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present predictions for the hadroproduction of $t\bar{t}b\bar{b}$ final states at the LHC with collision energies $\sqrt{s}$ = 8TeV and 14TeV at NLO accuracy matched with parton shower, as obtained with PowHel+ PYTHIA. We quantify the effects of parton shower and hadronization. We find these are in general moderate except the effect of the decay of heavy particles, which can modify significantly some distributions, like that of the invariant mass of the two leading b-jets. We also show kinematic distributions obtained with cuts inspired to those recently employed by the CMS collaboration. For these predictions, we present the theoretical uncertainty bands, related to both scale and PDF variations. We find that these uncertainties are only moderately affected by the change of the collision energy.
description: 20 pages, 13 figures, 4 tables
Gaetan_et_al.pdf
Creators: name: Gaetan, Carlo
name: Federica, Giummol`e
name: Mameli, Valentina
name: SIAD, Si Mokrane
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Probability theory
Meteorology

description: Post-processing methods are nowadays widely used for limiting the impact of errors in ensemble forecast of meteorological variables. Ensemble modeloutput statistics are an easy-to-apply technique for post-processing, based on a linear regression model. In this paper we use an ensemble model output statistic forthe forecast of daily maximum temperatures in Veneto. We calculate estimative and
 calibrated predictive distributions for a time period of three years. We then compare the different predictive distributions by means of the log-score, the continuous ranked probability score and the coverage of the corresponding predictive quantiles. We show that the calibrated approach improves on the estimative ones as regards both mean scores and coverage probabilities.
Towards a reliable prediction of the infrared spectra of cosmic fullerenes and their derivatives in the JWST era
Creators: name: Xu, Jianzhi
name: Li, Aigen
name: Li, Xiaohu
name: Hou, Gao-Lei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 85-05, 85-11

description: Fullerenes, including C60, C70, and C60+, are widespread in space through their characteristic infrared vibrational features (C60+ also reveals its presence in the interstellar medium through its electronic transitions) and offer great insights into the carbon chemistry and stellar evolution. The potential existence of fullerene-related species in space has long been speculated and recently put forward by a set of laboratory experiments of C60+, C60H+, C60O+, C60OH+, C70H+, and [C60-Metal]+ complexes. The advent of the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) provides a unique opportunity to search for these fullerene-related species in space. To facilitate JWST search, analysis, and interpretation, an accurate knowledge of their vibrational properties is essential. Here, we compile a VibFullerene database and conduct a systematic theoretical study on those species. We derive a set of range-specific scaling factors for vibrational frequencies, to account for the deficiency of density functional theory calculations in predicting the accurate frequencies. Scaling factors with low root-mean-square and median errors for the frequencies are obtained, and their performance is evaluated, from which the best-performing methods are recommended for calculating the infrared spectra of fullerene derivatives which balance the accuracy and computational cost. Finally, the recommended vibrational frequencies and intensities of fullerene derivatives are presented for future JWST detection.
description: 19 pages, 8 figures, 5 tables. Accepted for publication in MNRAS
ExELS: an exoplanet legacy science proposal for the ESA Euclid mission. II. Hot exoplanets and sub-stellar systems
Creators: name: McDonald, I.
name: Kerins, E.
name: Penny, M.
name: Beaulieu, J. -P.
name: Batista, V.
name: Novati, S. Calchi
name: Cassan, A.
name: Fouque, P.
name: Mao, S.
name: Marquette, J. B.
name: Rattenbury, N.
name: Robin, A. C.
name: Tisserand, P.
name: Osorio, M. R. Zapatero
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Exoplanet Euclid Legacy Survey (ExELS) proposes to determine the frequency of cold exoplanets down to Earth mass from host separations of ~1 AU out to the free-floating regime by detecting microlensing events in Galactic Bulge. We show that ExELS can also detect large numbers of hot, transiting exoplanets in the same population. The combined microlensing+transit survey would allow the first self-consistent estimate of the relative frequencies of hot and cold sub-stellar companions, reducing biases in comparing "near-field" radial velocity and transiting exoplanets with "far-field" microlensing exoplanets. The age of the Bulge and its spread in metallicity further allows ExELS to better constrain both the variation of companion frequency with metallicity and statistically explore the strength of star-planet tides. We conservatively estimate that ExELS will detect ~4100 sub-stellar objects, with sensitivity typically reaching down to Neptune-mass planets. Of these, ~600 will be detectable in both Euclid's VIS (optical) channel and NISP H-band imager, with ~90% of detections being hot Jupiters. Likely scenarios predict a range of 2900-7000 for VIS and 400-1600 for H-band. Twice as many can be expected in VIS if the cadence can be increased to match the 20-minute H-band cadence. The separation of planets from brown dwarfs via Doppler boosting or ellipsoidal variability will be possible in a handful of cases. Radial velocity confirmation should be possible in some cases, using 30-metre-class telescopes. We expect secondary eclipses, and reflection and emission from planets to be detectable in up to ~100 systems in both VIS and NISP-H. Transits of ~500 planetary-radius companions will be characterised with two-colour photometry and ~40 with four-colour photometry (VIS,YJH), and the albedo of (and emission from) a large sample of hot Jupiters in the H-band can be explored statistically.
description: 18 pages, 16 figures, accepted MNRAS
Additional file 4 of The Physical Activity Wearables in the Police Force (PAW-Force) study: acceptability and impact
Creators: name: Buckingham, Sarah Ann
name: Morrissey, Karyn
name: Williams, Andrew James
name: Price, Lisa
name: Harrison, John
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 4. Sensitivity analysis for change in mean daily steps, including only participants who reported no events affecting their PA level (e.g. illness, annual leave) in the 7 days prior to data collection.
Continual Learning in Predictive Autoscaling
Creators: name: Hao, Hongyan
name: Chu, Zhixuan
name: Zhu, Shiyi
name: Jiang, Gangwei
name: Wang, Yan
name: Jiang, Caigao
name: Zhang, James
name: Jiang, Wei
name: Xue, Siqiao
name: Zhou, Jun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Predictive Autoscaling is used to forecast the workloads of servers and prepare the resources in advance to ensure service level objectives (SLOs) in dynamic cloud environments. However, in practice, its prediction task often suffers from performance degradation under abnormal traffics caused by external events (such as sales promotional activities and applications re-configurations), for which a common solution is to re-train the model with data of a long historical period, but at the expense of high computational and storage costs. To better address this problem, we propose a replay-based continual learning method, i.e., Density-based Memory Selection and Hint-based Network Learning Model (DMSHM), using only a small part of the historical log to achieve accurate predictions. First, we discover the phenomenon of sample overlap when applying replay-based continual learning in prediction tasks. In order to surmount this challenge and effectively integrate new sample distribution, we propose a density-based sample selection strategy that utilizes kernel density estimation to calculate sample density as a reference to compute sample weight, and employs weight sampling to construct a new memory set. Then we implement hint-based network learning based on hint representation to optimize the parameters. Finally, we conduct experiments on public and industrial datasets to demonstrate that our proposed method outperforms state-of-the-art continual learning methods in terms of memory capacity and prediction accuracy. Furthermore, we demonstrate remarkable practicability of DMSHM in real industrial applications.
Updating Variational Bayes: Fast Sequential Posterior Inference
Creators: name: Tomasetti, Nathaniel
name: Forbes, Catherine
name: Panagiotelis, Anastasios
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2022
Subjects: Econometric and statistical methods
Econometrics not elsewhere classified

description: Variational Bayesian (VB) methods produce posterior inference in a time frame considerably smaller than traditional Markov Chain Monte Carlo approaches. Although the VB posterior is an approximation, it has been shown to produce good parameter estimates and predicted values when a rich classes of approximating distributions are considered. In this paper we propose the use of recursive algorithms to update a sequence of VB posterior approximations in an online, time series setting, with the computation of each posterior update requiring only the data observed since the previous update. We show how importance sampling can be incorporated into online variational inference allowing the user to trade accuracy for a substantial increase in computational speed. The proposed methods and their properties are detailed in two separate simulation studies. Two empirical illustrations of the methods are provided, including one where a Dirichlet Process Mixture model with a novel posterior dependence structure is repeatedly updated in the context of predicting the future behaviour of vehicles on a stretch of the US Highway 101.
Dynamical corotation torques on low-mass planets
Creators: name: Paardekooper, Sijme-Jan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study torques on migrating low-mass planets in locally isothermal discs. Previous work on low-mass planets generally kept the planet on a fixed orbit, after which the torque on the planet was measured. In addition to these static torques, when the planet is allowed to migrate it experiences dynamical torques, which are proportional to the migration rate and whose sign depends on the background vortensity gradient. We show that in discs a few times more massive than the Minimum Mass Solar Nebula, these dynamical torques can have a profound impact on planet migration. Inward migration can be slowed down significantly, and if static torques lead to outward migration, dynamical torques can take over, taking the planet beyond zero-torque lines set by saturation of the corotation torque in a runaway fashion. This means the region in non-isothermal discs where outward migration is possible can be larger than what would be concluded from static torques alone.
description: 14 pages, 13 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
title: Η Επίδραση Ενός Προγράμματος Τηλε-Αποκατάστασης Στη Λειτουργική Κινητικότητα Σε Ασθενή Με Πρωτοπαθή Νόσο Πάρκινσον: Μελέτη Περίπτωσης
title: The Effect Of A Tele-Rehabilitation Program On The Functional Mobility Of A Patient With Primary Parkinson's Disease: A Case Study
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Ραμάϊ, Ένη
Publisher: name: Πανεπιστήμιο Δυτικής Αττικής
Year: 2022
Subjects: Νόσος Πάρκινσον
Λειτουργική κινητικότητα
Τηλε-αποκατάσταση
Ψυχική υγεία
Ποιότητα ζωής

description: Εισαγωγή: Η τηλε-αποκατάσταση των ασθενών με νόσο Πάρκινσον στην Ελλάδα δεν έχει εξεταστεί έως τώρα, παρά τα ενδεχομένως σημαντικά οφέλη για τους ασθενείς. Σκοπός: Η διερεύνηση της επίδρασης ενός προγράμματος τηλε-αποκατάστασης στη λειτουργική κινητικότητα, στην ισορροπία, στην ψυχική υγεία (άγχος και κατάθλιψη) και στη ποιότητα ζωής, ενός ασθενή με νόσο Πάρκινσον, καθώς και η αξιολόγηση της ικανοποίησης του ίδιου του ασθενή από τη συμμετοχή του στο πρόγραμμα αυτό. Μέθοδος: Η συγκεκριμένη έρευνα αποτελεί μελέτη περίπτωσης και είχε τη δομή 01 Χ 02, όπου 01 η αρχική αξιολόγηση, Χ η παρέμβαση, 02 η τελική αξιολόγηση. Αξιολογήθηκε η λειτουργική κινητικότητα με τις χρονομετρημένες δοκιμασίες TUG FTSTS, η ισορροπία με το Mini-BESTest, η ψυχική υγεία και η ποιότητα ζωής, με τα ερωτηματολόγια HADS και PDQ-39 αντίστοιχα. Στο τέλος, αξιολογήθηκε και η ικανοποίηση του ασθενή με ένα ερωτηματολόγιο που κατασκευάστηκε συγκεκριμένα για τον σκοπό της έρευνας. Η παρέμβαση αποτελούταν από ένα πρόγραμμα 8 εβδομάδων (5 φορές/ εβδομάδα), με διάρκεια συνεδρίας 30-45’, το οποίο εφαρμόστηκε εποπτευόμενα και εξ’αποστάσεως. Αποτελέσματα: Κλινικά σημαντικές διαφορές βρέθηκαν στα επίπεδα των μετρήσεων του FTSTS, HADS-total και στις υποκλίμακές HADS-A και HADS-D, όπως επίσης στο PDQ overall και στις υποκατηγορίες του που αφορούν την συναισθηματική ευεξία, την κοινωνική υποστήριξη, την γνωστική λειτουργία και τη σωματική δυσφορία. Συμπεράσματα: Από την ανάλυση των δεδομένων, προέκυψε βελτίωση στην κινητικότητα, στην ψυχική υγεία και σε τομείς της ποιότητας ζωής του ασθενή. Ωστόσο, χρειάζεται περαιτέρω διερεύνηση της αποτελεσματικότητας των προγραμμάτων τηλε-αποκατάστασης σε ασθενείς με PD, με απώτερο σκοπό να γίνει δυνατή η υιοθέτηση αυτών, από τα συστήματα υγείας.
Nonvolatile Magneto-Thermal Switching in MgB2
Creators: name: Arima, Hiroto
name: Mizuguchi, Yoshikazu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Ongoing research explores thermal switching materials to control heat flow. Specifically, there has been interest in magneto-thermal switching (MTS) materials based on superconductors, which only exhibited switching behavior when a magnetic field was applied. However, a recent report highlighted nonvolatile MTS in commercial Sn-Pb solders, attributed to magnetic flux trapping. In this study, we focused on flux trapping in a type-II superconductor MgB2. Magnetization and thermal conductivity measurements under magnetic fields were conducted on polycrystalline MgB2. We confirmed that magnetic flux was indeed trapped in MgB2 even after demagnetization. Additionally, we observed nonvolatile MTS in MgB2 as well as Sn-Pb solders. These results suggest that the nonvolatile MTS may be a widespread characteristic of superconducting materials with flux trapping.
description: 10 pages, 4 figures
Quantum state engineering of light with continuous-wave optical parametric oscillators
Creators: name: Morin, Olivier
name: Liu, Jianli
name: Huang, Kun
name: Barbosa, Felippe A. S.
name: Fabre, Claude
name: Laurat, Julien
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The ability to engineer the quantum state of traveling optical fields is a central requirement for quantum information science and technology, including quantum communication, computing and metrology. In this video article, we describe the reliable generation of non-Gaussian states, including single-photon states and coherent state superpositions, using a conditional preparation method operated on the non-classical light emitted by optical parametric oscillators. Type-I and type-II phase-matched OPOs operated below threshold, i.e. single-mode or two-mode squeezed vacuum sources, are considered and common procedures, such as the required frequency filtering or the high-efficiency quantum state characterization by homodyning, are detailed. The reported method enables a high fidelity with the targeted state and the generation of the state in a well-controlled spatiotemporal mode, a crucial feature for their use in subsequent protocols.
description: Written in JoVE style. Video available on chistera-qscale.eu/jove.html
Semiconducting transport in Pb$_{10-x}$Cu$_x$(PO$_4$)$_6$O sintered from Pb$_2$SO$_5$ and Cu$_3$P
Creators: name: Liu, Li
name: Meng, Ziang
name: Wang, Xiaoning
name: Chen, Hongyu
name: Duan, Zhiyuan
name: Zhou, Xiaorong
name: Yan, Han
name: Qin, Peixin
name: Liu, Zhiqi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The very recent claim on the discovery of ambient-pressure room-temperature superconductivity in modified lead-apatite has immediately excited sensational attention in the entire society, which is fabricated by sintering lanarkite (Pb2SO5) and copper(I) phosphide (Cu$_3$P). To verify this exciting claim, we have successfully synthesized Pb$_2$SO$_5$, Cu$_3$P, and finally the modified lead-apatite Pb$_{10-x}$Cu$_x$(PO$_4$)$_6$O. Detailed electrical transport and magnetic properties of these compounds were systematically analyzed. It turns out that Pb$_2$SO$_5$ is a highly insulating diamagnet with a room-temperature resistivity of ~7.18x10$^9$ Ohm.cm and Cu$_3$P is a paramagnetic metal with a room-temperature resistivity of ~5.22x10$^{-4}$ Ohm.cm. In contrast to the claimed superconductivity, the resulting Pb$_{10-x}$Cu$_x$(PO$_4$)$_6$O compound sintered from Pb$_2$SO$_5$ and Cu$_3$P exhibits semiconductor-like transport behavior with a large room-temperature resistivity of ~1.94x10$^4$ Ohm.cm although our compound shows greatly consistent x-ray diffraction spectrum with the previously reported structure data. In addition, when a pressed Pb$_{10-x}$Cu$_x$(PO$_4$)$_6$O pellet is located on top of a commercial Nd$_2$Fe$_{14}$B magnet at room temperature, no repulsion could be felt and no magnetic levitation was observed either. These results imply that the claim of a room-temperature superconductor in modified lead-apatite may need more careful re-examination, especially for the electrical transport properties.
description: 12 pages, 13 figures
On Income and Price Elasticities for Energy Demand: A Panel Data Study
Creators: name: Gao, Jiti
name: peng, Bin
name: Smyth, Russell
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2022
Subjects: Econometric and statistical methods
Econometrics not elsewhere classified

description: Obtaining reliable cross-country estimates of the income and price elasticity of energy demand requires a panel data model that can simultaneously account for endogeneity, heterogeneity, nonstationarity and cross-sectional dependence. We propose such an integrated framework and apply it to a very large dataset of 65 countries over the period 1960-2016 recently assembled by Liddle and Huntington (2020). We find that while the elasticities of income and price are non-linear, the income elasticity is generally in the range 0.6 to 0.8 and the price elasticity in the range -0.1 to -0.3. We also find that the income elasticity has been declining since the 1990s, which broadly corresponds to increasing awareness of the negative externalities associated with burning fossil fuels associated with the Kyoto Protocol. From a policy perspective, that the income energy elasticity is less than one, and has been declining since the 1990s, bodes well for climate change mitigation because it suggests that energy intensity will fall with economic growth.
Nonmetallic Low-Temperature Normal State of K0.70Fe1.46Se1.85Te0.15
Creators: name: Wang, Kefeng
name: Ryu, Hyejin
name: Kampert, Erik
name: Uhlarz, M.
name: Warren, J.
name: Wosnitza, J.
name: Petrovic, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The normal-state in-plane resistivity below the zero-field superconducting transition temperature $T_c$ and the upper critical field Hc2 were measured by suppressing superconductivity in pulsed magnetic fields for K0.70Fe1.46Se1.85Te0.15. The normal-state resistivity $ρ_{ab}$ is found to increase logarithmically with decrasing temperature as $\frac{T}{T_c}\rightarrow 0$. Similar to granular metals, our results suggest that a superconductor - insulator transition below zero-field T$_{c}$ may be induced in high magnetic fields. This is related to the intrinsic real-space phase-separated states common to all inhomogeneous superconductors.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures
Tidal Disruption and Magnetic Flux Capture: Powering a Jet from a Quiescent Black Hole
Creators: name: Kelley, Luke Zoltan
name: Tchekhovskoy, Alexander
name: Narayan, Ramesh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The transient Swift J1644+57 is believed to have been produced by an unlucky star wandering too close to a supermassive black hole (BH) leading to a tidal disruption event. This unusual flare displayed highly super-Eddington X-ray emission which likely originated in a relativistic, collimated jet. This presents challenges to modern accretion and jet theory as upper limits of prior BH activity, which we obtain from the radio afterglow of this event, imply that both the pre-disruption BH and stellar magnetic fluxes fall many orders of magnitude short of what is required to power the observed X-ray luminosity. We argue that a pre-existing, "fossil" accretion disc can contain a sufficient reservoir of magnetic flux and that the stellar debris stream is capable of dragging this flux into the BH. To demonstrate this, we perform local, 3D magnetohydrodynamic simulations of the disc--stream interaction and demonstrate that the interface between the two is unstable to mixing. This mixing entrains a sufficient amount of fossil disc magnetic flux into the infalling stellar debris to power the jet. We argue that the interaction with the fossil disc can have a pronounced effect on the structure and dynamics of mass fallback and likely the resulting transient. Finally, we describe possible ramifications of these interactions on unresolved problems in tidal disruption dynamics, in particular, the efficiency of debris circularization, and effects of the disruption on the preexisting black hole system. Animations online: http://goo.gl/T84tLs
description: MNRAS Accepted, September 30th, 2014. 20 pages, 14 figures. Animations online: http://goo.gl/T84tLs