cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Coherence, thermodynamics and uncertainty relations
Creators: name: Korzekwa, Kamil
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2016

description: The principle of superposition is one of the main building blocks of quantum physics and has tremendous consequences both for our fundamental understanding of nature and for technological applications. In particular, the existence of coherent superposition leads to the concept of unavoidable quantum uncertainty. The role played by this "coherent" uncertainty within thermodynamics, as well as its relationship to classical lack of knowledge, is the main subject of this thesis. In Part I we study thermodynamic limitations of processing quantum coherence within a resource-theoretic framework. Using the time-translation symmetry that arises from the first law of thermodynamics, we find constraints on possible manipulations of coherence and prove their irreversibility due to the second law. We also generalise to the quantum domain Szilard's concept of converting information into work. Namely, we show how, in the presence of a heat bath, coherence of a system can be exploited to perform mechanical work. Finally, we analyse the effect that coherence has on the structure of the thermodynamic arrow of time, i.e., on the set of states into which a given state can freely evolve under thermodynamic constraints. In Part II we focus on the interplay between quantum and classical uncertainty manifested in uncertainty relations. We show that separating the total uncertainty into these two distinct components leads to a new type of "fixed-entropy" uncertainty relation. We also analyse how classical ignorance affects the structure of states that minimise the unavoidable uncertainty arising from the noncommutativity of two observables. Finally, we study error-disturbance trade-off relations and, by proving that quantum uncertainty can be simultaneously maximised for any two observables, we clarify the unphysical nature of state-dependent relations.
Generalized gravity model for human migration
Creators: name: Park, Hye Jin
name: Jo, Woo Seong
name: Lee, Sang Hoon
name: Kim, Beom Jun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: The gravity model (GM) analogous to Newton's law of universal gravitation has successfully described the flow between different spatial regions, such as human migration, traffic flows, international economic trades, etc. This simple but powerful approach relies only on the 'mass' factor represented by the scale of the regions and the 'geometrical' factor represented by the geographical distance. However, when the population has a subpopulation structure distinguished by different attributes, the estimation of the flow solely from the coarse-grained geographical factors in the GM causes the loss of differential geographical information for each attribute. To exploit the full information contained in the geographical information of subpopulation structure, we generalize the GM for population flow by explicitly harnessing the subpopulation properties characterized by both attributes and geography. As a concrete example, we examine the marriage patterns between the bride and the groom clans of Korea in the past. By exploiting more refined geographical and clan information, our generalized GM properly describes the real data, a part of which could not be explained by the conventional GM. Therefore, we would like to emphasize the necessity of using our generalized version of the GM, when the information on such nongeographical subpopulation structures is available.
description: 14 pages, 6 figures, 2 tables
Kilohertz Quasi-Periodic Oscillation Peak Separation is not Constant in the Atoll Source 4U 1608-52
Creators: name: Mendez, Mariano
name: van der Klis, Michiel
name: Wijnands, Rudy
name: Ford, Eric C.
name: van Paradijs, Jan
name: Vaughan, Brian A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present new Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer observations of the low-mass X-ray binary 4U 1608-52 during the decay of its 1998 outburst. We detect by a direct FFT method the existence of a second kilohertz quasi-periodic oscillation (kHz QPO) in its power density spectrum, previously only seen by means of the sensitivity-enhancing `shift and add' technique. This result confirms that 4U 1608-52 is a twin kHz QPO source. The frequency separation between these two QPO decreased significantly, from 325.5 +/- 3.4 Hz to 225.3 +/- 12.0 Hz, as the frequency of the lower kHz QPO increased from 470 Hz to 865 Hz, in contradiction with a simple beat-frequency interpretation. This change in the peak separation of the kHz QPOs is closely similar to that previously seen in Sco X-1, but takes place at a ten times lower average luminosity. We discuss this result within the framework of models that have been proposed for kHz QPO. Beat frequency models where the peak separation is identified with the neutron star spin rate, as well as the explanations previously proposed to account for the similar behavior of the QPOs in Sco X-1, are strongly challenged by this result.
description: To appear in ApJL. AAS LaTex v4.0 (6 pages plus 3 postscript figures)
Dephrasure channel and superadditivity of coherent information
Creators: name: Leditzky, Felix
name: Leung, Debbie
name: Smith, Graeme
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The quantum capacity of a quantum channel captures its capability for noiseless quantum communication. It lies at the heart of quantum information theory. Unfortunately, our poor understanding of nonadditivity of coherent information makes it hard to understand the quantum capacity of all but very special channels. In this paper, we consider the dephrasure channel, which is the concatenation of a dephasing channel and an erasure channel. This very simple channel displays remarkably rich and exotic properties: we find nonadditivity of coherent information at the two-letter level, a big gap between single-letter coherent and private informations, and positive quantum capacity for all complementary channels. Its clean form simplifies the evaluation of coherent information substantially and, as such, we hope that the dephrasure channel will provide a much-needed laboratory for the testing of new ideas about nonadditivity.
description: 16 pages, 7 figures; comments welcome! v3: fixed minor typos, added analytical proof that determines threshold of single-letter coherent information and repetition codes
Multiwavelength Energy Distributions and Bolometric Luminosities of the 12--Micron Galaxy Sample
Creators: name: Spinoglio, Luigi
name: Malkan, Matthew A.
name: Rush, Brian
name: Carrasco, Luis
name: Recillas-Cruz, Else
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Aperture photometry from our own observations and the literature is presented for the 12\um\ Galaxies in the near infrared J, H and K bands and, in some cases, in the L band. These data are corrected to ``total'' near--infrared magnitudes, (with a typical uncertainty of 0.3 magnitudes) for a direct comparison with our IRAS fluxes which apply to the entire galaxy. The corrected data are used to derive integrated total NIR and FIR luminosities. We then combine these with blue photometry and an estimate of the flux contribution from cold dust at wavelengths longward of 100\um\ to derive the first {\it bolometric\/} luminosities for a large sample of galaxies. We use multiwavelength correlations to identify several combinations of infrared colors which discriminate between Seyfert~1 and~2 galaxies, LINERs, and ultraluminous starbursts. We find that bolometric luminosity is more closely proportional to 12-micron luminosity than to 60-micron, 25-micron or optical luminosity.
description: AASTeX, 18 pages. Text only. Figures (28) and tables (3) available at ftp://eggneb.astro.ucla.edu/pub/rush/, named Spinoglio95-Table*.dat (ASCII) and Spinoglio95-figs.ps (PostScript; 7 pages, by 4 per page). Scheduled for the 1995 November 10 issue of ApJ
Additional file 4: of Molecular and cellular characterizations of human cherubism: disease aggressiveness depends on osteoclast differentiation
Creators: name: Kadlub, Natacha
name: Sessiecq, Quentin
name: Mandavit, Marion
name: LâHermine, Aurore
name: Badoual, Cecile
name: Galmiche, Louise
name: Berdal, Ariane
name: Descroix, Vianney
name: Picard, Arnaud
name: AmĂŠlie Coudert
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: ELISA cytokine detection kit characteristics. RANK-L (receptor of activated nuclear factor kappa B ligand), OPG (osteoprotegerin), M-CSF (macrophage colony stimulating factor), IL (interleukin), TNF (tumor necrosis factor). (DOCX 15 kb)
30 years of multi-wavelength observations of 3C 273
Creators: name: Turler, M.
name: Paltani, S.
name: Courvoisier, T. J. -L.
name: Aller, M. F.
name: Aller, H. D.
name: Blecha, A
name: Bouchet, P.
name: Lainela, M.
name: McHardy, I. M.
name: Robson, E. I.
name: Stevens, J. A.
name: Terasranta, H.
name: Tornikoski, M.
name: Ulrich, M. -H.
name: Waltman, E. B.
name: Wamsteker, W.
name: Wright, M. C. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a wide multi-wavelength database of most observations of the quasar 3C 273 obtained during the last 30 years. This database is the most complete set of observations available for an active galactic nucleus (AGN). It contains nearly 20'000 observations grouped together into 70 light curves covering 16 orders of magnitude in frequency from the radio to the gamma-ray domain. The database is constituted of many previously unpublished observations and of most publicly available data gathered in the literature and on the World Wide Web (WWW). It is complete to the best of our knowledge, except in the optical (UBV) domain where we chose not to add all observations from the literature. In addition to the photometric data, we present the spectra of 3C 273 obtained by the International Ultraviolet Explorer (IUE) satellite. In the X-ray domain, we used the spectral fit parameters from the literature to construct the light curves. Apart from describing the data, we show the most representative light curves and the average spectrum of 3C 273. The database is available on the WWW in a homogeneous and clear form and we wish to update it regularly by adding new observations.
description: 12 pages, 6 figures, to be published in A&AS, data available at: http://obswww.unige.ch/3c273/
A complexity and networks approach to sustainability
Creators: name: Zachariou, Nicky
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2016

description: Sustainability is a key issue of the 21st century. A complexity and networks approach is taken to investigate what makes socio-economic systems sustainable, or not, and what lessons that can be learned from the sandpile model, an analogy of observed economic activity. The sandpile model has been studied extensively on regular lattices with coordination number K = 2. Here, the dynamics is generalised to evolve on less rigid networks. The regular lattice structure is relaxed by introducing an inter-layer distribution for the interactions between nodes. This forces the scaling exponent of the avalanche-size probability density function out of the two-dimensional directed sandpile universality class τ = 4/3, into the mean-field universality class τ = 3/2. An apparent drift in the exponents of the avalanches found in the Monte Carlo simulations on a lattice with K > 2 is attributed to the observed holes and side-branches of avalanche clusters, which leads to large corrections to scaling. The K = 3 case is solved analytically, proving that in fact the critical exponents for K > 2 are identical to the K = 2 case. The most realistic topology that can be used to model economic activity is the production-consumption network between firms in a real economy. A novel avalanche-size exponent τ ≈ 1.87, that falls outside the two known universality classes, emerges when the model evolves on the Japanese inter-firm network. This network has the typical bow-tie structure of a real-world directed network: in and out-layers, and a strongly connected component. The strongly connected component is not layered and displays a large range of network motifs. Randomly adding a small proportion of links between non-adjacent layers in one of the layered networks in the mean-field universality class, abruptly takes the system out of the mean-field regime with a non-trivial avalanche-size probability density function, which closely reproduces the behaviour observed on the real-world Japanese network.
Simia apella Linnaeus, 1758, spec. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1758
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Primates
Atelidae
Simia
Simia apella

description: Simia apella [spec. nov.]
S. caudata imberbis, cauda subprehensili, corpore fusco, pedibus nigris. Mus. Ad. Fr. 1. t. 1.
Habitat in America.
Undique circumspiciens, Sono pulli Meleagridis famelici.
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1758, Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on pages 28-29, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.542, http://zenodo.org/record/3922206
Visualising RNA folding dynamics in crowded environments and with single-molecule resolution
Creators: name: Paudel, Bishnu
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2015

description: Cellular environments are highly crowded due to the presence of nucleic acids, proteins and other cellular organelles that can occupy between 20%- 40% of the total cellular volume. Biomolecules, such as RNAs, require precise folding to the most compact native state in order to perform their specific function inside the cell. How crowding environments can influence the folding, stability and functions of RNA molecules is largely unknown. Generally, RNA folding and catalysis are studied in dilute in vitro conditions, which do not truly mimic cellular environments. The work of this thesis combines single-molecule fluorescence resonance energy transfer (smFRET) and bulk cleavage assays to determine the effects of molecular crowding agents in folding and catalysis of model small RNA enzymes, specifically the hairpin ribozyme and the large group II intron ribozyme. The single molecule data show that PEG favours the formation of the most compact (active) structure of RNA enzymes by increasing the docking rate constants. In addition, ribozyme folding and catalysis occurs at low concentrations of Mg2+ in the presence of crowding agents. Lastly, ensemble radiolabeled cleavage assays have shown that molecular crowding agents accelerate ribozymes’ catalysis significantly at lower concentration of Mg2+. This study show that crowding agents influence the stability and the function of ribozymes. These results are consistent with the idea that in vivo RNA enzymes have evolved to function optimally within the crowded environment of the cell. In addition, to understand RNA-protein interactions, the function of Dbp2, a DEAD-box helicase at single molecule resolution has been characterised. The results show that Dbp2 can bind and open double stranded RNA without ATP. In the presence of ATP, the opening and closing events increases, indicating Dbp2 recycling occurs faster. Finally, I have observed that the activity of Dbp2 reduces in the presence of the protein, Yra1.
MOESM1 of Hemoadsorption Reprograms Inflammation in Experimental Gram-negative Septic Peritonitis: Insights from In Vivo and In Silico Studies
Creators: name: Namas, Rami
name: Rajaie Namas
name: Lagoa, Claudio
name: Barclay, Derek
name: Mi, Qi
name: Zamora, Ruben
name: Zhiyong Peng
name: Xiaoyan Wen
name: Fedorchak, Morgan
name: Valenti, Isabella
name: Federspiel, William
name: Kellum, John
name: Vodovotz, Yoram
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Supplementary material, approximately 724 KB.
Designing new materials for photocathodes
Creators: name: Camino, Bruno
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2017

description: Free electron lasers (FELs) are state of the art in terms of generating light pulses. By using free electrons as lasing medium, FELs provide tunable radiation in the infrared to X-rays wavelength range and on the femtosecond timescale. Their use in biology, chemistry and materials science allows for the probing of dynamic processes at levels never reached before. In order to design the new generation of FELs, a bright and low emittance electron beam must be generated from the photocathode. For this reason widespread experimental and computational efforts are taking place worldwide in order to generate more efficient materials for photocathode applications. However, a clear understanding of the emission process and, in particular, how the process is influenced by the surface structure needs further investigation. In this work, a computational tool based on the well know three step model (3SM) for photoemission is presented. In its original formulation, the 3SM is based on the bulk electronic structure of materials. In this study it is extended to explicit models of the surfaces. This approach retains the simple chemical intuition and it allows the disentanglement of the effect of the atomic, electronic and chemical structure of the surface on the observed photoemission. This is achieved by using a layer-by-layer decomposition of the surface electronic structure that is calculated through reliable density functional theory (DFT) calculations. Test calculations on clean copper, silver and magnesium surfaces are reported in this thesis and compared to the measured quantum efficiency. The ability of the model to simulate the influence of surface modifications on the observed quantum efficiency are also reported: the adsorption of oxygen, hydrogen and cesium on the Mg (0001) surface and the presence of steps on the Ag (111) surface are discussed. Hydrogen and oxygen were selected because they are well known contaminants of photocathode surfaces and cesium was simulated because it is commonly used to enhance the quantum efficiency of photoemitting materials. The calculations allow the known effects of surface states and work function changes to be rationalised. Furthermore, the simulations of the adsorbate covered surfaces generated some counter intuitive results that can be explained by the model developed in this work. The computational tool presented in this thesis has already provided some insights on how surface chemistry and reconstruction influence the quantum efficiency of materials currently used in photocathodes and will be used in future studies to generate guidelines for the design of more efficient photocathodes.
Brain machine interfaces: low power techniques for CMOS based system integration
Creators: name: Leene, Lieuwe
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2016

description: The emergence of miniaturized electronic sensors for recording neural activity is opening up new opportunities for better health care and understanding brain function. The precise instrumentation for sensing these signals has been developed extensively, but no implantable system available today is capable of providing a high density recording structures that can be scaled to accommodate the large number of electrodes and processing neuroprosthetics need for functional limb replacement. The design of these systems is complicated by micro-volt levels of signal that contain convoluted mixtures of information. This demands highly accurate signal quantization and exhaustive processing that is constrained by the scarce power availability. The resulting difficulty in realizing viable solutions for chronic implants necessitates cutting-edge fabrication technologies and state-of-the-art circuit optimization techniques. This thesis presents the understanding behind optimizing these instrumentation systems in order to maximize the simultaneous sensing capabilities of brain machine interfaces that can be implanted wirelessly into living systems. These analytics enabled this work to outperform state of the art in terms of delivering high precision at 56 dB SINAD with a sub 0.01mm^2 silicon footprint and a 800 nW power budget by employing novel time-domain circuit techniques. This advancement will enable BMIs to be integrated & minimutrized using nanometre CMOS with extensive digital processing capabilities that are capable of decoding neural signals without supervision such that therapy in a fully implanted fashion. Moreover by introducing distributed processing architecture this work is the first to allows scalable fully reconfigurable functionality at the instrumentation interface for complex algorithmic operations while maintaining a power efficiency of 2.7μW per MIPS.
Embedding theory as new geometrical mimetic gravity
Creators: name: Paston, S. A.
name: Sheykin, A. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is known that recently proposed model of mimetic gravity can be presented as general relativity with an additional mimetic matter. We discuss a possibility to analogously reformulate the embedding theory, which is the geometrical description of gravity proposed by Regge and Teitelboim, treating it also as general relativity with some additional matter. We propose a form of action which allows to describe this matter in terms of conserved currents. This action turns out to be a generalization of the perfect fluid action, which can be useful in the analysis of the properties of the additional matter. On the other side, the action contains a trace of the root of the matrix product, which is similar to the constructions appearing in bimetric theories of gravity. The action is completely equivalent to the original embedding theory, so it is not just some artificial model, but has a clear geometric sense. We discuss the possible equivalent forms of the theory and ways of study of the appearing equations of motion.
description: LaTeX, 11 pages
Sets with distinct sums of pairs, long arithmetic progressions, and continuous mappings
Creators: name: Lebedev, Vladimir
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary 43A46, Secondary 42A75

description: We show that if $φ\colon \mathbb R\rightarrow\mathbb R$ is a continuous mapping and the set of nonlinearity of $φ$ has nonzero Lebesgue measure, then $φ$ maps bijectively a certain set that contains arbitrarily long arithmetic progressions onto a certain set with distinct sums of pairs.
A New Responsibility: Representation and Visibility in Collection Development
Creators: name: Gujilde, Paolo P.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017

description: Diversity and inclusion can be argued to be challenges facing libraries today and in the future. The changing demographics of the United States of America are shaping the needs of libraries. This is especially significant in collection development and management in which there is a lack of representation of library users in resources and materials. At this time, diversity and inclusion within the context of libraries are still much more of a concept rather than a reality. Though, libraries and librarians are slowly shifting that concept into applications with library diversity initiatives and to some extent, actively building diverse and inclusive library collections.
 Traditionally, collection development and management focus heavily on the mission of the institution and the library. They take into account organizational responsibilities such as budget, content, and access. In addition, collection development and in a larger scope, collection management, incorporate various dynamics that comprise resources and services of an institution. These can be found in the systematic process of collection management from selection criteria to decisions based on assessment. However, the same factors coupled with changing demographics are pushing collection development and management into a new institutional responsibility that should be an asset—diversity and inclusion.
 So, how do we make library collections diverse and inclusive? Why do we want diversity and inclusion in the first place? What are our responsibilities in collection development and management?
The Suppression of Star Formation on the Smallest Scales: What Role Does Environment Play?
Creators: name: Wimberly, M. K. Rodriguez
name: Cooper, M. C.
name: Fillingham, S. P.
name: Boylan-Kolchin, M.
name: Bullock, J. S.
name: Garrison-Kimmel, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The predominantly ancient stellar populations observed in the lowest-mass galaxies (i.e. ultra-faint dwarfs) suggest that their star formation was suppressed by reionization. Most of the well-studied ultra-faint dwarfs, however, are within the central half of the Milky Way dark matter halo, such that they are consistent with a population that was accreted at early times and thus potentially quenched via environmental processes. To study the potential role of environment in suppressing star formation on the smallest scales, we utilize the Exploring the Local Volume in Simulations (ELVIS) suite of $N$-body simulations to constrain the distribution of infall times for low-mass subhalos likely to host the ultra-faint population. For the ultra-faint satellites of the Milky Way with star-formation histories inferred from $Hubble~Space~Telescope$ imaging, we find that environment is highly unlikely to play a dominant role in quenching their star formation. Even when including the potential effects of pre-processing, there is a $\lesssim 0.1\%$ probability that environmental processes quenched all of the known ultra-faint dwarfs early enough to explain their observed star-formation histories. Instead, we argue for a mass floor in the effectiveness of satellite quenching at roughly $M_{\star} \sim 10^{5}~M_{\odot}$, below which star formation in surviving galaxies is globally suppressed by reionization. We predict a large population of quenched ultra-faint dwarfs in the Local Field ($1 < R/R_{\rm{vir}} < 2$), with as many as $\sim250$ to be discovered by future wide-field imaging surveys.
description: 9 pages, 6 figures. Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Spatial and Luminosity Properties of the Perseus-Pisces Redshift Survey
Creators: name: Labini, F. Sylos
name: Montuori, M.
name: Pietronero, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the spatial and the luminosity properties of the Perseus-Pisces redshift survey. We find that the two point correlation function (CF) $Γ(r)$ is a power law up to the sample effective depth ($\sim 30 h^{-1}Mpc$), showing the fractal nature of the galaxy distribution in this catalog. The fractal dimension turns out to be $D \approx 2$. We also consider the CF $ξ(r)$ and in particular the behavior of the "{\it correlation length}" $r_0$ ($ξ(r_{0})\equiv 1$) as function of the sample size. In this respect we find, unambiguously, that the luminosity segregation effect is not supported by any experimental evidence. In addition we have studied the galaxian number-density ($n(r)$) and number-counts ($N(m)$) in the VL subsamples finding a good agreement with the properties of a fractal distribution. In particular our conclusion is that the $n(r)$ relation allows to extend the analysis of the fractal nature up to a deeper depth than that reached by the CF analysis, and, we find evidence for fractal properties up to the limiting depth of $120-140 h^{-1} Mpc$. We stress that the $N(m)$ relation must be studied in VL subsamples rather than in magnitude limited ones as usually done. Finally we have considered the correlations between galaxy positions and luminosities by means of the multifractal analysis. We find clear evidence for self-similar behavior of the whole luminosity-space distribution. These results confirm and extend those of Coleman \& Pietronero (1992).
description: Submitted to Astrophys.J. file containing 20 pages LaTeX file with 10 postscript figures, uuencoded gzipped tar file
Simia morta Linnaeus, 1758, spec. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1758
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Primates
Atelidae
Simia
Simia morta

description: Simia morta [spec. nov.]
S. caudata imberbis, ore fusco, corpore spadiceo, cauda nuda subsquamosa.
Cercopithecus americanus minor Monkie dictus. Seb. mus. 1. p. 52. t. 33. f. 1.
Habitat in America.
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1758, Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on page 29, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.542, http://zenodo.org/record/3922206
Measurement of final-state correlations in neutrino muon-proton mesonless production on hydrocarbon at $\langle E_ν\rangle=3$ GeV
Creators: name: Lu, X. -G.
name: Betancourt, M.
name: Walton, T.
name: Akbar, F.
name: Aliaga, L.
name: Altinok, O.
name: Andrade, D. A.
name: Ascencio, M.
name: Bellantoni, L.
name: Bercellie, A.
name: Bodek, A.
name: Bravar, A.
name: Budd, H.
name: Cai, T.
name: Carneiro, M. F.
name: Chaves, J.
name: Coplowe, D.
name: da Motta, H.
name: Dytman, S. A.
name: Diaz, G. A.
name: Felix, J.
name: Fields, L.
name: Fine, R.
name: Gago, A. M.
name: Galindo, R.
name: Gallagher, H.
name: Ghosh, A.
name: Gran, R.
name: Harris, D. A.
name: Henry, S.
name: Jena, S.
name: Jena, D.
name: Kleykamp, J.
name: Kordosky, M.
name: Le, T.
name: Maher, E.
name: Manly, S.
name: Mann, W. A.
name: Marshall, C. M.
name: McFarland, K. S.
name: McGowan, A. M.
name: Messerly, B.
name: Miller, J.
name: Mislivec, A.
name: Morfin, J. G.
name: Mousseau, J.
name: Naples, D.
name: Nelson, J. K.
name: Nguyen, C.
name: Norrick, A.
name: Nuruzzaman
name: Olivier, A.
name: Paolone, V.
name: Patrick, C. E.
name: Perdue, G. N.
name: Ramirez, M. A.
name: Ransome, R. D.
name: Ren, L.
name: Rimal, D.
name: Rodrigues, P. A.
name: Ruterbories, D.
name: Schellman, H.
name: Sobczyk, J. T.
name: Salinas, C. J. Solano
name: Su, H.
name: Sultana, M.
name: Valencia, E.
name: Wark, D.
name: Weber, A.
name: Wolcott, J.
name: Wospakrik, M.
name: Yaeggy, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Final-state kinematic imbalances are measured in mesonless production of $ν_μ+ A \to μ^- + p + X$ in the MINERvA tracker. Initial- and final-state nuclear effects are probed using the direction of the $μ^-$-p transverse momentum imbalance and the initial-state momentum of the struck neutron. Differential cross sections are compared to predictions based on current approaches to medium modeling. These models under-predict the cross section at intermediate intranuclear momentum transfers that generally exceed the Fermi momenta. As neutrino interaction models need to correctly incorporate the effect of the nucleus in order to predict neutrino energy resolution in oscillation experiments, this result points to a region of phase space where additional cross section strength is needed in current models, and demonstrates a new technique that would be suitable for use in fine grained liquid argon detectors where the effect of the nucleus may be even larger.
description: 6 pages, 6 figures, accepted by PRL, data release package updated
MOESM3 of Integrative analysis of the cancer genome atlas and cancer cell lines encyclopedia large-scale genomic databases: MUC4/MUC16/MUC20 signature is associated with poor survival in human carcinomas
Creators: name: Jonckheere, Nicolas
name: Seuningen, Isabelle Van
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 3: Table S1. Ontology of genes correlated with MUC4 expression. Gene list was retrieved from 881 samples of Cancer Cell Line Encyclopedia (Novartis/Broad, Nature 2012). 187 genes that are positively (n = 178) or negatively (n = 9) correlated with MUC4 expression were selected. Functional Annotation was performed using David Functional Annotation Tool.
Microchip ion traps with high magnetic field gradients for microwave quantum logic
Creators: name: Murgia, David
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2016

description: This thesis describes experimental work towards the development of a trapped-ion quantum computer based on microchip ion traps and long-wavelength radiation, using magnetic field gradients. The relationship between experimental parameters and two-qubit gate fidelity is investigated for microchips with two different static magnetic field gradient generation methods. For current-carrying wires and under-chip permanent magnets, optimum ion heights of 110 μm and 200 μm are found respectively. Construction of an experiment capable of demonstrating high-fidelity gates is reported, including innovations for the use of microchip ion traps with permanent magnets. The development of a vacuum system for versatile microchip experiments is described, including new methods for impedance-matched RF delivery, in-vacuum filtering and liquid nitrogen microchip cooling. Protection of both the microchip surface from atomic flux and of ions from the charged imaging viewport are both investigated in detail. A new preparation framework for microchip ion traps before their use in experiments is developed. In order to remove unwanted deposited layers on the microchips, a process of multiple chemical treatments is used. In addition, these characterisation efforts lead to refinement of the microfabrication process for future microchips. The application of large currents to microchips is of fundamental importance to scalable trapped-ion quantum computing using static magnetic field gradients. As part of the characterisation process, currents of ≈ 10A are successfully applied to microfabricated current-carrying wires, demonstrating the viability of these structures for generation of local magnetic fields and gradients in a quantum computing device. The operation of a microchip ion trap experiment with under-chip permanent magnets for a high magnetic field gradient (≈ 140Tm−1) is described. The successful trapping of ytterbium-174 and -171 ions is reported, as well as their use to measure and optimise the ion trap parameters. The thesis concludes with consideration of the expected future results from the ongoing operation of the experiment.
Adaptive monitoring of health-state and performance of industrial centrifugal compressors
Creators: name: Cicciotti, Matteo
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2015

description: Tens of thousands of centrifugal compressors are installed worldwide in chemical and petrochemical plants. The performance of these compressors degrade during the operation as a consequence of effects such as fouling, erosion, corrosion, and abrasion. A performance monitoring method that could detect and assess the magnitude of the degradation would be greatly beneficial to schedule production and maintenance leading to an economic profit for the operation. After searching the literature, it was concluded that such a method is yet to be developed for industrial centrifugal compressors. This thesis shows the development of an adaptive monitoring framework that simultaneously considers the degradation of the state of health and identifies the malfunctioning of sensors. Indeed, because of degradation, the state of the components changes over time and this change can be observed in the measurements, however, the measurements are also affected by random or persistent errors. The approach adopted in this thesis aims at reconciling two distinct features that are normally separated: (1) to account for the degraded state by recursively matching the model to the newly available measurements, and (2) to correct the measurements when these are biased by making use of the model. The leading hypothesis is that this aim can be achieved by employing models that establish causality relationships between the state of the components and the measured variables together with mathematical optimization methods. The thesis demonstrates: how performance can be systematically modelled even though a compressor is installed at the industrial site, how the degradation of performance can be detected and quantified in real-time, and finally, how the effects of degradation on performance can be modelled and monitored while simultaneously detecting and correcting sensor faults. The methods have been successfully applied to a 10 MW centrifugal compressor. When monitoring and modelling the degradation of its performance, it was observed that the difference between the performance of the compressor in undegraded and degraded state depends on the operation conditions. The implication of this observation is that the state-of-the-art practice of scaling the manufacturer maps to obtain degraded maps can lead to misleading conclusions about the performance of the degraded compressor.
SYK model with quadratic perturbations: the route to a non-Fermi-liquid
Creators: name: Lunkin, A. V.
name: Tikhonov, K. S.
name: Feigel'man, M. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the stability of the SYK$_4$ model with a large but finite number of fermions $N$ with respect to a perturbation, quadratic in fermionic operators. We develop analytic perturbation theory in the amplitude of the SYK$_2$ perturbation and demonstrate the stability of the SYK$_4$ infra-red asymptotic behavior characterized by a Green function $G(τ) \propto 1/τ^{3/2} $, with respect to weak perturbation. This result is supported by exact numerical diagonalization. Our results open the way to build a theory of non-Fermi-liquid states of strongly interacting fermions.
description: 13 pages and 2 figures
Statistics of N-Body Simulations. III. Unequal Masses
Creators: name: Giersz, Mirek
name: Heggie, Douglas C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe results from large numbers of $N$-body simulations containing from $250$ to $1000$ stars each. The distribution of stellar masses is a power law, and the systems are isolated. While the collapse of the core exhibits the expected segregation of different masses, we find that the post-collapse evolution is, at a first approximation, homologous. This is quite surprising because there is no reason for supposing that mass segregation should not continue to have a substantial effect on the evolution of the cluster. In fact the spatial distribution of the mean stellar mass is nearly static throughout the post-collapse regime, except for the overall expansion of the systems, and this helps to explain why the post-collapse evolution is nearly self-similar. Self-similarity is also exhibited by the distribution of anisotropy and the profile of departures from equipartition, which show little change during the post-collapse phase. The departures from energy equipartition and isotropy are small in the core and increase with radius. During post-collapse evolution massive stars (mainly) are removed from the system by binary activity. This effect dominates the preferential escape of low-mass stars due to standard two-body relaxation processes.
description: 20 pages, plain tex, figures available from d.c.heggie@ed.ac.uk; submitted to MNRAS
Solution-processable n-type organic semiconductors for electronics and energy harvesting systems
Creators: name: Rossbauer, Stephan
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2015

description: Organic semiconductors provide a wealth of interesting properties like tailor made electrical characteristics, cost effective large area fabrication and mechanical flexibility which can be difficult to achieve with crystalline inorganic semiconductors. However, their advance into applications such as logic circuits is hindered by the limited availability of high performance air-stable n-type materials, which limits organics to unipolar circuits. This thesis explores three different routes to improve the performance of n-type organic semiconductors. Firstly a novel air-stable small molecule with mobilities of up to 0.6 cm2/Vs in TFTs is presented. We blend the small molecule with a polymer to improve the thin film smoothness and homogeneity. In combination with an established p-type small molecule:polymer blend semiconductor we demonstrate an air-stable, solution processed, complementary inverter with gains above 5. Secondly we use doping to enhance the properties of Fullerene semiconductors. The efficiency of the doping process is found to depend strongly on the Fullerene derivative used as matrix material, but where it is effective, we see an increase in charge carrier mobility by the filling of shallow trap states and enhanced bias stress stability. Thirdly we investigate a new patterning process called adhesion lithography for metal electrodes, which is compatible with high throughput fabrication. We use the process to manufacture asymmetric electrodes with a distance below 15 nm. Taking advantage of the short distance and the small parasitic capacitance of the structure we fabricate Schottky diodes based on Fullerenes with operating frequencies exceeding 20 MHz. These diodes can be used in wireless communication or energy harvesting systems. The findings may help to develop new materials and processes for the next generation of organic semiconductors.
Action Principle Solutions For Galaxy Motions Within 3000 Km/s
Creators: name: Shaya, Edward J.
name: Peebles, P. J. E.
name: Tully, R. Brent
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The numerical action variational principle is used to find fully nonlinear solutions for the orbits of the mass tracers given their present redshifts and angular positions and the cosmological boundary condition that the peculiar velocities are small at high redshift. A solution predicts the distances of the mass tracers, and is tested by a comparison with measured distances. The current numerical results use 289 luminosity-linewidth distance measurements designed to be close to unbiased. A catalog of 1138 tracers approximates the luminosity distribution of galaxies in the vicinity of the Local Supercluster, at redshifts cz < 3000 km/s. These mass tracers include groups with crossing times less than the Hubble time and isolated galaxies. The measure of merit of a solution is the sum of the mean square differences between the predicted and observed distance moduli. In the 3000 km/s sample, this reduced $χ^2$ statistic has a well-defined minimum value at M/L=175 and $t_0 = 10.0$ Gyr, and $χ^2$ at the minimum is about 1.29 times the value expected from just the standard deviation of the distance measurements. We have tested for the effect of the mass at greater distance by using the positions of Abell clusters as a model for the large-scale mass distribution. This external mass model reduces the minimum value of $χ^2$ by about 10\% ($\sim 1 σ$). The value of the cosmological density parameter $Ω_0$ is determined by the global mean mass-to-light ratio. Our preliminary analysis yields $Ω_0= 0.17 \pm 0.10$ at one standard deviation. A tighter bound is expected to come out of a larger sample of measured distances now available.
description: Replaced with shorter record size for machines with limits set by their mailer
Simia capucina Linnaeus, 1758, spec. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1758
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Primates
Atelidae
Simia
Simia capucina

description: Simia capucina [spec. nov.]
S. caudata imberbis, cauda longa hirsuta, facie flavescente. Mus. Ad. Fr. 2. t. 2.
Habitat ....
Clamore horrendo hostes pellit; stridet saepius uti Cicada; irata latrat more catuli.
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1758, Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on page 29, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.542, http://zenodo.org/record/3922206
Weaving the Exotic Web
Creators: name: Fernandez-Melgarejo, Jose J.
name: Kimura, Tetsuji
name: Sakatani, Yuho
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: String and M-theory contain a family of branes forming U-duality multiplets. In particular, standard branes with codimension higher than or equal to two, can be explicitly found as supergravity solutions. However, whether domain-wall branes and space-filling branes can be found as supergravity solutions is still unclear. In this paper, we firstly provide a full list of exotic branes in type II string theory or M-theory compactified to three or higher dimensions. We show how to systematically obtain backgrounds of exotic domain-wall branes and space-filling branes as solutions of the double field theory or the exceptional field theory. Such solutions explicitly depend on the winding coordinates and cannot be given as solutions of the conventional supergravity theories. However, as the domain-wall solutions depend linearly on the winding coordinates, we describe them as solutions of deformed supergravities such as the Romans massive IIA supergravity or lower-dimensional gauged supergravities. We establish explicit relations among the domain-wall branes, the mixed-symmetry potentials, the locally non-geometric fluxes, and deformed supergravities.
description: 72 pages + 28 pages of appendices; v2: typos corrected, references added, a Mathematica notebook added (which generates Tables in Appendix C); v3: typos corrected, references added, JHEP published version