cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
How far are the sources of IceCube neutrinos? Constraints from the diffuse TeV gamma-ray background
Creators: name: Chang, Xiao-Chuan
name: Liu, Ruo-Yu
name: Wang, Xiang-Yu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The nearly isotropic distribution of the TeV-PeV neutrinos recently detected by IceCube suggests that they come from sources at distance beyond our Galaxy, but how far they are is largely unknown due to lack of any associations with known sources. In this paper, we propose that the cumulative TeV gamma-ray emission accompanying the production of neutrinos can be used to constrain the distance of these neutrino sources, since the opacity of TeV gamma rays due to absorption by the extragalactic background light (EBL) depends on the distance that these TeV gamma rays have travelled. As the diffuse extragalactic TeV background measured by \emph{Fermi} is much weaker than the expected cumulative flux associated with IceCube neutrinos, the majority of IceCube neutrinos, if their sources are transparent to TeV gamma rays, must come from distances larger than the horizon of TeV gamma rays. We find that above 80\% of the IceCube neutrinos should come from sources at redshift $z>0.5$. Thus, the chance for finding nearby sources correlated with IceCube neutrinos would be small. We also find that, to explain the flux of neutrinos under the TeV gamma-ray emission constraint, the redshift evolution of neutrino source density must be at least as fast as the the cosmic star-formation rate.
description: Accepted by ApJ, some minor changes made, 8 pages, 5 figures
Impact of Aluminum Contamination in mc-Si Solar Cells
Creators: name: Bronsveld, P.C.P.
name: Geerligs, L.J.
name: Coletti, G.
name: Øvrelid, E.J.
name: Kvande, R.
name: Stokkan, G.
name: Olsen, E.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2009
Subjects: Wafer-based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Silicon Feedstock, Crystallisation and Wafering

description: 24th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference, 21-25 September 2009, Hamburg, Germany; 1034-1037
description: Ingots containing varying amounts of aluminum were compared by solar cell processing. The impact on cell
performance was found to be related to the amount of Al. However, also contra intuitive results were obtained, in which a
larger impact of the Al contamination on cell performance was observed for less Al and vice versa. Formation of harmful Al-
O complexes, known to be responsible for Al-related minority carrier recombination, can qualitatively explain the
differences between the cells, based on variations in the total oxygen content in the ingots. Possibly, competition between Al
and B in the formation of oxygen complexes can also explain the improved cell performances in the presence of B.
On conservation laws of Navier-Stokes Galerkin discretizations
Creators: name: Charnyi, Sergey
name: Heister, Timo
name: Olshanskii, Maxim A.
name: Rebholz, Leo G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 76D05, 76D17, 65M60

description: We study conservation properties of Galerkin methods for the incompressible Navier-Stokes equations, without the divergence constraint strongly enforced. In typical discretizations such as the mixed finite element method, the conservation of mass is enforced only weakly, and this leads to discrete solutions which may not conserve energy, momentum, angular momentum, helicity, or vorticity, even though the physics of the Navier-Stokes equations dictate that they should. We aim in this work to construct discrete formulations that conserve as many physical laws as possible without utilizing a strong enforcement of the divergence constraint, and doing so leads us to a new formulation that conserves each of energy, momentum, angular momentum, enstrophy in 2D, helicity and vorticity (for reference, the usual convective formulation does not conserve most of these quantities). Several numerical experiments are performed, which verify the theory and test the new formulation.
Automated Turbidimetry of Serum Lipoprotein(a)
Creators: name: Borque, L.
name: Maside, C.
name: Iglesias, A.
Publisher: name: Kooperation de Gruyter
Year: 1993
Subjects: subject: 540 Chemie

description: We describe a simple iminunoturbidimetric method for quantifying lipoprotein(a) in serum based on latex-enhanced particle agglutination technology. Carboxylated latex particles (diameter 240 nm) covalently coated with F(ab')2 fragments of anti-lipoprotein(a) antibodies are incubated with the sample for 5 min at 37°C, and the resulting agglutination is quantified by measuring the change of turbidity produced at 700 nm. The assay is rapid, precise and fully automated on the Hitachi 911 analyser. The assay range is about 0.03—0.9 g/l. Average analytical recovery was 97.8%. Precision (CV) ranged from 1.9 to 3.1% at different lipoprotein(a) values. There was no interference from bilirubin, Intfalipid®, haemoglobin, plasminogen or apolipoprotein B. Comparisons with a latex nephelometric assay carried out on the Behring nephelometer analyser, and with three commercially available methods, a radioimmunoassay and two ELISA assays, gave good correlations (r > 0.95), although a large among-method variation in lipoprotein(a) values was found. We conclude that the proposed latex turbidimetric immunoassay method is suitable for routine use in clinical laboratories.
How baryons affect halos and large-scale structure: a unified picture from the Simba simulation
Creators: name: Sorini, Daniele
name: Dave, Romeel
name: Cui, Weiguang
name: Appleby, Sarah
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using the state-of-the-art suite of hydrodynamic simulations Simba, as well as its dark-matter-only counterpart, we study the impact of the presence of baryons and of different stellar/AGN feedback mechanisms on large-scale structure, halo density profiles, and on the abundance of different baryonic phases within halos and in the intergalactic medium (IGM). The unified picture that emerges from our analysis is that the main physical drivers shaping the distribution of matter at all scales are star formation-driven galactic outflows at $z>2$ for lower mass halos and AGN jets at $z<2$ in higher mass halos. Feedback suppresses the baryon mass function with time relative to the halo mass function, and it even impacts the halo mass function itself at the ~20% level, particularly evacuating the centres and enhancing dark matter just outside halos. At early epochs baryons pile up in the centres of halos, but by late epochs and particularly in massive systems gas has mostly been evacuated from within the inner halo. AGN jets are so efficient at such evacuation that at low redshifts the baryon fraction within $\sim 10^{12}-10^{13} \, \rm M_{\odot}$ halos is only 25% of the cosmic baryon fraction, mostly in stars. The baryon fraction enclosed in a sphere around such halos approaches the cosmic value $Ω_{\rm b}/Ω_{\rm m}$ only at 10-20 virial radii. As a result, 87% of the baryonic mass in the Universe lies in the IGM at $z=0$, with 67% being in the form of warm-hot IGM ($T>10^5 \, \rm K$).
description: Published in the Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society (MNRAS). This is a pre-copyedited, author-produced version of the article accepted for publication in MNRAS following peer review. The version of record (MNRAS, Vol. 516, Issue 1, pp. 883-906) is available online at: DOI 10.1093/mnras/stac2214 . Minor updates to text and some figures wrt previous version. Conclusions unchanged
Identifying spatially asymmetric high-order harmonic emission during the falling edge of an intense laser pulse
Creators: name: Vafaee, M.
name: Ahmadi, H.
name: Maghari, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Two different induced effects of a laser falling edge on high-order harmonic generation are resolved by solving numerically full-dimensional electronic time-dependent Schrödinger equation beyond the Born-Oppenheimer approximation. The harmonic spectrum of H$_2^+$ and T$_2^+$ isotopes are compared to see the effects of a 4-cycle falling edge of a 800 nm, 15-cycle trapezoidal laser pulse of $I=$3 $\times 10^{14}$ Wcm$^{-2}$ intensity on harmonic emission spectrum. The harmonic emission at the laser falling part is negligible for H$_2^+$ due to ionization suppression, but considerable for T$_2^+$. The falling edge of the laser pulse induces two effects on the HHG in T$_2^+$. The first well-known effect is non-adiabatic frequency redshift of generated odd-order harmonics. The second unknown one is spatially asymmetric harmonic emission which appears as even harmonic orders. In order to clarify this new effect, spatial distribution of HHG and resolving HHG into different components are demonstrated. The asymmetric emission would appear for both atoms and molecules as long as harmonic emission of either rising or falling edge of an intense trapezoidal or non-trapezoidal laser pulse is dominant.
description: 7 pages, 6 figures
Analysis of the Physical Origin of Trap Centres and Their Effect on Solar Cells
Creators: name: Gundel, P.
name: Schubert, M.C.
name: Allardt, M.
name: Warta, W.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2008
Subjects: Wafer-Based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Mono- and Multicrystalline Silicon Cells and Materials, Processing Technology of

description: 23rd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition, 1-5 September 2008, Valencia, Spain; 1169-1175
description: Defect sites in silicon, which temporarily capture excess charge carriers (traps), are a promising source of information on defect structures relevant for PV-application of the material. In this work the correlation between traps in ptype
silicon, structural crystal defects and impurities is explored in order to find the origin of these traps in multicrystalline silicon. The trap density is compared to the density of different impurities and structural crystal defects. These comparisons reveal that the trap density is positively correlated to the oxygen density and negatively correlated to the density of the metallic impurities analyzed. In addition we show that structural crystal defects are necessary but not sufficient for the existence of high trap densities. The properties of theses structural defects are further investigated by photoluminescence. In summary, structural crystal defects which are decorated by oxygen precipitates arise as likely origin of trap centers.
Semi-analytical calculation of the trajectory of relativistic nuclear collisions in the QCD phase diagram
Creators: name: Mendenhall, Todd
name: Lin, Zi-Wei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We extend a semi-analytical model that includes the finite nuclear thickness to calculate the energy density $ε(t)$ and conserved-charge densities including the net-baryon density $n_{\rm _B}(t)$ produced at mid-spacetime-rapidity in central Au+Au collisions. Assuming the formation of a quark-gluon plasma with an ideal gas equation of state of either quantum or Boltzmann statistics or with a lattice QCD-based equation of state, we extract the temperature $T$ and chemical potentials $μ_{\rm _B}$, $μ_{\rm _Q}$ and $μ_{\rm _S}$ as functions of time. This then allows us to semi-analytically calculate the $T-μ_{\rm _B}$ trajectory of relativistic nuclear collisions in the QCD phase diagram, which should benefit the studies of high density physics including the search for the critical end point. This model is also useful for exploring the trajectories in the more general $T-μ_{\rm _B}-μ_{\rm _Q}-μ_{\rm _S}$ QCD phase space.
description: 19 pages, 12 figures, corrected typo in Eq.(41) and citations to Figs.11-12
Characterization and Implementation of Thermal ALD Al2O3 as Surface Passivation for Industrial Si Solar Cells
Creators: name: Vermang, B.
name: Loozen, X.
name: Allebé, C.
name: John, J.
name: Van Kerschaver, E.
name: Poortmans, J.
name: Mertens, R.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2009
Subjects: Wafer-based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Mono- and Multicrystalline Silicon Materials and Cells

description: 24th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference, 21-25 September 2009, Hamburg, Germany; 1051-1054
description: In order to test the industrial viability of thermal atomic layer deposition Al2O3, it is implemented in
industrial passivated emitter and rear cells (PERC). The impact of co-firing (rapid thermal processing ≥ 835°C) on Al2O3
is tested via lifetime measurements. A firing of 30 nm of Al2O3 deposited on a FZ p-type c-Si substrate, clearly
deteriorates the passivation level. However, a stack of Al2O3 / PECVD SiNx keeps the adequate passivation level after
firing. A batch of industrial PERC-type solar cells is processed, using 10x10 cm2 2 Ω·cm p-type CZ Si substrates of 150
μm thick. As well stacks of Al2O3 / SiNx as a reference stack of low quality CVD SiOx / SiNx are used as rear surface
passivation. It is found that only 5 nm of Al2O3 is needed to achieve similar passivation level or VOC for both stacks,
which is very promising taking into account that the SiOx / SiNx reference passivation is already well optimized. It is
argued that the poor lifetime uniformity of the used Al2O3 / SiNx stack is the reason that the up to four times better
surface recombination velocities compared to SiOx / SiNx do not show yet in the VOC results.
Site-resolved measurement of the spin-correlation function in the Hubbard model
Creators: name: Parsons, Maxwell F.
name: Mazurenko, Anton
name: Chiu, Christie S.
name: Ji, Geoffrey
name: Greif, Daniel
name: Greiner, Markus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Exotic phases of matter can emerge from strong correlations in quantum many-body systems. Quantum gas microscopy affords the opportunity to study these correlations with unprecedented detail. Here we report site-resolved observations of antiferromagnetic correlations in a two-dimensional, Hubbard-regime optical lattice and demonstrate the ability to measure the spin-correlation function over any distance. We measure the in-situ distributions of the particle density and magnetic correlations, extract thermodynamic quantities from comparisons to theory, and observe statistically significant correlations over three lattice sites. The temperatures that we reach approach the limits of available numerical simulations. The direct access to many-body physics at the single-particle level demonstrated by our results will further our understanding of how the interplay of motion and magnetism gives rise to new states of matter.
description: 6 + 12 pages, 4 + 6 figures, 1 table
Meliornis nigra subsp. dulciei Mathews
Creators: name: , Mary
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Aves
Passeriformes
Meliphagidae
Meliornis

description: Meliornis nigra dulciei Mathews Meliornis nigra dulciei Mathews, 1911a: 96 (Albany, West Australia). Now Phylidonyris niger gouldii (Schlegel, 1872). See Salomonsen, 1967: 429, Schodde and Mason, 1999: 313–314, Christidis and Boles, 2008: 185–191, and Higgins et al., 2008: 668– 669. HOLOTYPE: AMNH 692230, female, collected at Albany, 35.02S, 117.53E (USBGN, 1957), Western Australia, Australia, on 25 February 1905, by Thomas Carter. From the Mathews Collection (no. 3346) via the Rothschild Collection. COMMENTS: Mathews cited his catalog number of the holotype in the original description and gave ‘‘Albany’’ as the range. AMNH 692229, male, collected at Albany on 3 February 1910, by Carter, is a possible paratype, but I did not find it in Mathews’ catalog.
description: Published as part of Mary, 2011, Type Specimens Of Birds In The American Museum Of Natural History Part 9. Passeriformes: Zosteropidae And Meliphagidae, pp. 1-193 in Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 2011 (348) on page 145
description: {"references": ["Mathews, G. M. 1911 a. [Mr. G. M. Mathews described the following new birds from Australia: -]. Bulletin of the British Ornithologists' Club 27: 96 - 97.", "Salomonsen, F. 1967. Family Meliphagidae. In R. A. Paynter, Jr (editor), Check-list of birds of the world, vol. 12: 338 - 450. Cambridge, MA: Museum of Comparative Zoology, ix + 495 pp.", "Schodde, R., and I. J. Mason. 1999. The directory of Australian birds. Passerines. Collingwood, Victoria: CSIRO Publishing, 851 pp.", "Christidis, L., and W. E. Boles. 2008. Systematics and taxonomy of Australian birds. Collingwood, Victoria: CSIRO Publishing, viii + 277 pp.", "Higgins, P. J., L. Christidis, and H. A. Ford. 2008. Meliphagidae (honeyeaters). In J. del Hoyo, A. Elliott, and D. Christie (editors), Handbook of birds of the world, vol. 13, Penduline-tits to shrikes: 498 - 691. Barcelona: Lynx Edicions, 879 pp., 60 pls., 536 photographs."]}
Photonic Coupling in Multi-Junction Quantum Well Concentrator Cells
Creators: name: Barnham, K.W.J.
name: Browne, B.C.
name: Connolly, J.P.
name: Adams, J.G.J.
name: Airey, R.J.
name: Ekins-Daukes, N.J.
name: Führer, M.
name: Grant, V.
name: Lee, K.H.
name: Lumb, M.
name: Mazzer, M.
name: Roberts, J.S.
name: Tibbits, T.N.D.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2010
Subjects: Advanced Photovoltaics: New Concepts and Ultra-high Efficiency
New Materials, Cells and Modules

description: 25th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition / 5th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion, 6-10 September 2010, Valencia, Spain; 234-240
description: Quantum well solar cells have a number of advantages over metamorphic multi-junction cells for
high concentration applications. This paper discusses the advantages of a novel variant: the dual-quantum well solar cell
which has a multi-quantum well system in both the top and middle sub-cells of a triple-junction cell. In such a device the
band-gaps of the top and middle cells can be independently optimised for high efficiency and maximum energy harvesting
in a given spectrum. We present simulations and experimental results on a further unique feature, which results from the
dominance of radiative recombination in quantum well cells at high concentration, namely the efficiency enhancement
which results from photon coupling from a quantum well top cell to the middle cell in a triple junction device. We
demonstrate that this radiative recycling between sub-cells leads to a reduced sensitivity of the cell efficiency to spectral
and temperature variations. We also present new experimental data on top and deep well middle sub-cells and demonstrate
that the both sub-cells have high radiative efficiency.
Time-Resolved Single Dopant Charge Dynamics in Silicon
Creators: name: Rashidi, Mohammad
name: Burgess, Jacob
name: Taucer, Marco
name: Achal, Roshan
name: Pitters, Jason L.
name: Loth, Sebastian
name: Wolkow, Robert A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: As the ultimate miniaturization of semiconductor devices approaches, it is imperative that the effects of single dopants be clarified. Beyond providing insight into functions and limitations of conventional devices, such information enables identification of new device concepts. Investigating single dopants requires sub-nanometre spatial resolution, making scanning tunnelling microscopy an ideal tool. However, dopant dynamics involve processes occurring at nanosecond timescales, posing a significant challenge to experiment. Here we use time-resolved scanning tunnelling microscopy and spectroscopy to probe and study transport through a dangling bond on silicon before the system relaxes or adjusts to accommodate an applied electric field. Atomically resolved, electronic pump-probe scanning tunnelling microscopy permits unprecedented, quantitative measurement of time-resolved single dopant ionization dynamics. Tunnelling through the surface dangling bond makes measurement of a signal that would otherwise be too weak to detect feasible. Distinct ionization and neutralization rates of a single dopant are measured and the physical process controlling those are identified.
The Influence of the Glass Substrate on the Manufacture of Thin Film PV Modules
Creators: name: Warren, P.
name: Nichol, G.
name: Deslandes, L.-M.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2010
Subjects: Components for PV Systems
PV Modules

description: 25th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition / 5th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion, 6-10 September 2010, Valencia, Spain; 4084-4086
description: The glass substrate (and its associated coatings) form the base of the common thin-film PV modules –
whether it is a-Si/μc-Si, CdTe or CIGS technology. For the a-Si/μc-Si and CdTe technologies, grown in the superstrate
configuration, the glass is also a key part of the optical properties of the system. For the CIGS technology, the optical
properties of the glass substrate on which the cells are grown are not important - but the optical properties of the glass
cover plate are. Here, we outline some of the basic properties of glass that are important – the optical properties, the costs
and the strength. Some of the basic considerations of glass strength, of relevance to PV in general, are also outlined.
Floquet engineering of correlated tunneling in the Bose-Hubbard model with ultracold atoms
Creators: name: Meinert, Florian
name: Mark, Manfred J.
name: Lauber, Katharina
name: Daley, Andrew J.
name: Nägerl, Hanns-Christoph
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on the experimental implementation of tunable occupation-dependent tunneling in a Bose-Hubbard system of ultracold atoms via time-periodic modulation of the on-site interaction energy. The tunneling rate is inferred from a time-resolved measurement of the lattice site occupation after a quantum quench. We demonstrate coherent control of the tunneling dynamics in the correlated many-body system, including full suppression of tunneling as predicted within the framework of Floquet theory. We find that the tunneling rate explicitly depends on the atom number difference in neighboring lattice sites. Our results may open up ways to realize artificial gauge fields that feature density dependence with ultracold atoms.
description: 8 pages, 9 figures
How Can We Decrease Defect Density in Si Multicrystals to Realize High-Efficiency Solar Cells?
Creators: name: Usami, N.
name: Kutsukake, K.
name: Takahashi, I.
name: Yokoyama, R.
name: Fujiwara, K.
name: Nakajima, K.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2009
Subjects: Wafer-based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Silicon Feedstock, Crystallisation and Wafering

description: 24th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference, 21-25 September 2009, Hamburg, Germany; 1020-1022
description: We report on generation mechanisms of dislocations in Si multicrystals during directional
solidification. Model crystal growth experiments revealed that grain boundaries can be the source of dislocations, and
dislocation density was found to be strongly dependent on grain boundary structures. Finite element analysis of stress
in Si multicrystals with various grain boundary structures showed that experimentally observed dislocation density is
well correlated with calculated shear stress around the grain boundary. These results suggest that artificial control of
grain boundary structures is a promising route to decrease dislocations through reduction of shear stress.
Do Bishops Matter for Politics? Evidence From Italy
Creators: name: Lanzara, Gianandrea
name: Lazzaroni, Sara
name: Masella, Paolo
name: Squicciarini, Mara P.
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2023
Subjects: SECS-P/01 Economia politica

description: This paper studies whether and how religious leaders affect politics. Focusing on Italian dioceses in the period from 1948 to 1992, we find that the identity of the bishop in office explains a significant amount of the variation in the vote share for the Christian Democracy party (DC). This result is robust to several exercises that use different samples and time windows. Zooming into the mechanism, we find that two characteristics of bishops matter: (i) his political culture, and (ii) his interaction with the population—the latter being measured using state-of-the-art text-analysis techniques.
Improvement in Multi-Crystalline Photovoltaic Module Efficiency Using Luminescent Encapsulation Layers
Creators: name: Klampaftis, E.
name: Richards, B.S.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2010
Subjects: Advanced Photovoltaics: New Concepts and Ultra-high Efficiency
New Materials, Cells and Modules

description: 25th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition / 5th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion, 6-10 September 2010, Valencia, Spain; 251-254
description: This paper demonstrates that perylene and violanthrone based organic luminescent dyes can be
successfully dissolved in an EVA encapsulation matrix. The dye-doped EVA sheets are used for improving the short
wavelength response of commercial screen-printed multi-crystalline solar cells. Using commercially available dyes, an
increase of over 10% absolute in short-wavelength external quantum efficiency has been shown, which results in 0.18%
absolute higher module conversion efficiency. This approach does not require any modification to the module
manufacturing process and does not add to the cost of solar power generation.
Person-centred hydration care for older people living with dementia in acute hospital wards: A case study
Creators: name: Higgins, Shanlee Helen
Publisher: name: London South Bank University
Year: 2021

description: Purpose: Admission to acute hospital can be detrimental to the physical and psychological health of older people living with dementia (OPLWD). Evidence demonstrates that currently, person-centred dementia care within hospitals remains in flux and staff struggle to meet the biopsychosocial needs of people living with dementia. This thesis uses the concept of person-centred care to explore how oral hydration care is delivered for older people living with dementia admitted to an acute hospital, a topic infrequently explored in research. Methods: A multiple case study was conducted across three wards within one acute hospital. Contextual hospital data were collected through five interviews with senior staff and policy documentary analysis. Ward-level data collection comprised 132 hours of direct observation with 13 OPLWD and staff providing care, 37 interviews with staff, people living with dementia and their relatives, and documentary analysis of 38 clinical patient-records. Data were analysed using framework approach. Findings: Organisationally, oral hydration care for OPLWD is not prioritised; it is not a topic of national importance with required reporting. At ward level, oral hydration care is not prioritised by healthcare staff who are influenced by organisational priorities. Staff hydration roles are disjointed, and drink delivery outsourced. The approach to facilitating hydration care between and within ward staff, OPLWD and their relatives is insufficient to consistently provide person-centred hydration care. By utilising: Communication, Action, Resources and Environmental considerations, encompassing staff’s approach and the needs of older people living with dementia and their relatives, person-centred oral hydration CARE could be facilitated. Conclusion: This thesis brings the concepts of person-centred care and hydration care for OPLWD admitted to an acute hospital together for the first time, demonstrating that person-centred hydration care is complex and not currently prioritised. Acute hospitals should improve the person-centred delivery of oral hydration care for OPLWD, to improve their health and wellbeing.
Effectiveness of Atomic and Molecular Hydrogen Passivation of a Silicon/Silicon Oxide Interface With a Deposited Oxide
Creators: name: Loozen, X.
name: John, J.
name: Choulat, P.
name: Ma, Y.
name: Dekkers, H.F.W.
name: Agostinelli, G.
name: Beaucarne, G.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2008
Subjects: Wafer-Based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Mono- and Multicrystalline Silicon Cells and Materials, Processing Technology of

description: 23rd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition, 1-5 September 2008, Valencia, Spain; 1200-1203
description: The continuous decrease of the substrate thickness for industrial silicon solar cells results in an increased importance of surface passivation. One approach which received much attention in a recent past is the use of a passivation stack formed by Si/SiOx/SiNx:H. In this kind of stack, the oxide layer ensures a low concentration of interface states, while the nitride layer acts as a source of hydrogen. While this hydrogen is known to contribute to bulk passivation, its effect on the Si/SiOx interface is poorly understood.
In the present study, the hydrogenation process of a Si/SiOx interface is investigated, where SiOx is a deposited oxide. It is demonstrated that hydrogenation of this interface can lead to effective surface recombination velocities below 150 cm/s, and that this hydrogenation is effective both when atomic or molecular hydrogen is applied.
The phase transition and holographic in modified Horava -Lifshitz black hole
Creators: name: Jafarzade, Kh.
name: Sadeghi, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we take cosmological constant as a thermodynamical pressure and it's conjugate quantity as a thermodynamical volume. This expression help us to investigate the phase transition and holographic heat engine. So, in order to have Van der Waals fluid behaviour in Horava -Lifshitz (HL) black hole, we modified the solution of such black hole with some cosmology ansatz. Also from holographic heat engine, we obtain Carnot efficiency for the HL black hole. The phase transition of the system lead us to investigate the stability condition for the corresponding black hole. In that case, we show that the stability exist only in special region of black hole.
description: 18 pages and 12 figures. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1205.0146 by other authors
Highly Stacked In0.4Ga0.6As Quantum Dot Solar Cells with In0.2Ga0.8As Cap Layer
Creators: name: Sugaya, T.
name: Numakami, O.
name: Furue, S.
name: Amano, T.
name: Mori, M.
name: Komori, K.
name: Okano, Y.
name: Niki, S.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2010
Subjects: Advanced Photovoltaics: New Concepts and Ultra-high Efficiency
New Materials, Cells and Modules

description: 25th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition / 5th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion, 6-10 September 2010, Valencia, Spain; 195-198
description: We report In0.4Ga0.6As QD solar cells with In0.2Ga0.8As cap layers, which extends the photo-absorption
spectra toward a wavelength longer than those of In0.4Ga0.6As QD solar cells without cap layers. Well-aligned 50-
stack In0.4Ga0.6As QD structures with In0.2Ga0.8As cap layers can be grown without using a strain balancing technique.
The photoluminescence wavelength of 10-stack In0.4Ga0.6As QDs with an In0.2Ga0.8As cap layer becomes longer, as a
result of the reduced strain in the QDs achieved by using the cap layer. The external quantum efficiency of the
In0.4Ga0.6As QD solar cells with the cap layer extends the photo-absorption spectra toward a wavelength longer than
that of QD solar cells without a cap layer, and increases as the number of stacking layers increases. The short-circuit
current density, open circuit voltage and conversion efficiency values for In0.4Ga0.6As QD solar cells with
In0.2Ga0.8As cap layers are larger than those for In0.4Ga0.6As QD solar cells without cap layers. The cell
characteristics of multi-stacked In0.4Ga0.6As QD solar cells are improved by employing In0.2Ga0.8As cap layers.
The Spatial Drivers of Discrimination: Evidence From Anti-Muslim Fake News in India
Creators: name: Abraham, Samira S.
name: Lanzara, Gianandrea
name: Lazzaroni, Sara
name: Masella, Paolo
name: Squicciarini, Mara P.
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2023
Subjects: SECS-P/01 Economia politica

description: This paper studies how discriminatory fake news arises and spatially diffuses. We focus on India at the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic: on March 30, a Muslim convention (the Tablighi Jamaat) in New Delhi became publicly recognized as a COVID hotspot, and the next day, fake news on Muslims intentionally spreading the virus spiked. Using Twitter data, we build a comprehensive novel dataset of georeferenced tweets to identify anti-Muslim fake news. We find, in cross-sectional and difference-in-difference settings, that discriminatory fake news became much more widespread after March 30 (1) in New Delhi, (2) in districts closer to New Delhi, and (3) in districts with higher social media interactions with New Delhi. Further, we investigate whether deeply rooted historical factors may have also played a role in the diffusion of anti-Muslim fake news: we show that, after March 30, discriminatory fake news was more common in districts historically exposed to attacks by Muslim groups.
Strategies to Improve Cyanine Dye Multi Layer Organic Solar Cells
Creators: name: Hany, R.
name: Fan, B.
name: Araujo De Castro, F.
name: Heier, J.
name: Kylberg, W.
name: Nüesch, F.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2010
Subjects: Advanced Photovoltaics: New Concepts and Ultra-high Efficiency
Organic-based PV

description: 25th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition / 5th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion, 6-10 September 2010, Valencia, Spain; 297-302
description: We report the status and strategies to improve the performance of cyanine dye / C60 bilayer heterojunction
solar cells. Cyanines are characterized by convenience of synthesis and tunable light absorption. They have high light
extinction coefficients, which offer the possibility to go around the constraints of small exciton diffusion length, and
ultrathin films can be applied to fabricate multi layer organic solar cells. We optimized the cell performance by oxidative
doping (with O2/water/light, or NOBF4) of the cyanine layer. Doping increased the film conductivity and induced a steep
rise in the short-circuit current and the open-circuit voltage. The external quantum efficiency approached 80% at
maximum, meaning that the full cyanine layer of 30 nm thickness was active in charge generation. We argue that cyanine
aggregates may be responsible for efficient charge transport over larger distances to the heterointerface. We also describe
simple processes to match the energy to the low-lying hole-transporting cyanine level by using a thin organic salt layer or
doped polyaniline as anode buffer layer. Thereby, hole injection was facilitated and good-performing devices (power
conversion efficiency  = 3%) with a high fill factor (FF ~ 60%) were fabricated. Cyanine dyes are accompanied by
mobile counter ions. These ions can diffuse into adjacent layers and build up important space charge that alters the
energy levels at heterojunctions. The control of the ionic space charge allows to control the flow of electronic charge
carriers and to implement new functionalities unique to organic opto-electronic devices.
Centers of Hecke Algebras of Complex Reflection Groups
Creators: name: Chavli, Eirini
name: Pfeiffer, Götz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 20C08, 20F55

description: We provide a dual version of the Geck--Rouquier Theorem on the center of an Iwahori--Hecke algebra, which also covers the complex case. For the eight complex reflection groups of rank $2$, for which the symmetrising trace conjecture is known to be true, we provide a new faithful matrix model for their Hecke algebra $H$. These models enable concrete calculations inside $H$. For each of the eight groups, we compute an explicit integral basis of the center of $H$.
description: Final version; 14 pages. Appears in: Beitr\"age zur Algebra und Geometrie
Dynamical Quantum Tomography
Creators: name: Kech, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider quantum state tomography with measurement procedures of the following type: First, we subject the quantum state we aim to identify to a know time evolution for a desired period of time. Afterwards we perform a measurement with a fixed measurement set-up. This procedure can then be repeated for other periods of time, the measurement set-up however remains unaltered. Given an $n$-dimensional system with suitable unitary dynamics, we show that any two states can be discriminated by performing a measurement with a set-up that has $n$ outcomes at $n+1$ points in time. Furthermore, we consider scenarios where prior information restricts the set of states to a subset of lower dimensionality. Given an $n$-dimensional system with suitable unitary dynamics and a semi-algebraic subset $\mathcal{R}$ of its state space, we show that any two states of the subset can be discriminated by performing a measurement with a set-up that has $n$ outcomes at $l$ steps of the time evolution if $(n-1)l\ge 2\dim\mathcal{R}$. In addition, by going beyond unitary dynamics, we show that one can in fact reduce to a set-up with the minimal number of two outcomes.
description: Journal of Mathematical Physics, 2016
title: Bidirectional Associations between Responsive Parenting and Childrens Internalizing Problems: The Role of Childrens Negative Emotionality and Genetics
Creators: name: Thompson, Amanda
Publisher: name: Georgia State University
Year: 2022

description:
Parenting and childrens internalizing problems are often bidirectionally associated. Children with high negative emotionality (NE) could be more sensitive to a parents responsivity, thus moderating the effects of responsivity on internalizing problems. The A1 allele of dopamine receptor 2 (DRD2, rs1800497) is associated with greater risk for internalizing problems like depression. It is unknown if childrens NE moderates the bidirectional associations between parental responsivity differently depending on childrens DRD2 genotype. The present study tested the bidirectional associations between parental responsivity and internalizing problems from early to middle childhood, moderated by childrens NE and DRD2 genotypes (n = 1441). Results suggest there is stability in childrens internalizing problems from early into middle childhood. For children with the A1A1 DRD2 (the higher risk or more sensitive polymorphism) and low NE, higher parental responsivity at 3 years old was associated with more internalizing problems at 5 years old. For children with the A1A1 DRD2 and moderate to high levels of NE, higher parental responsivity was associated with lower internalizing problems at 9 years old. Responsivity was not associated with internalizing problems in children who did not have the A1A1 DRD2 genotype. These findings suggest that children with the A1A1 DRD2 genotype may be especially affected by parents responsivity, and the effects of responsivity may further depend on childrens temperament. Implications from this research could potentially extend to research that examines parents contingent responsivity to childrens needs based on temperament traits in effort to mitigate the risk for continued internalizing problems across child development.
Implication of giant photon bunching on quantum phase transition in the dissipative anisotropic quantum Rabi model
Creators: name: Ye, Tian
name: Wang, Chen
name: Chen, Qing-Hu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the quantum phase transition in the dissipative anisotropic quantum Rabi model in the framework of quantum dressed master equation. From perspectives of both numerical and analytical analysis, we unravel the implication of the giant photon-bunching feature on the first-order quantum phase transition. The observed two-photon statistics can be well described analytically within a few lowest eigenstates at the low temperature. Moreover, such significant photon-bunching peak is generally exhibited at the deep-strong qubit-photon coupling, which is however lacking in the dissipative isotropic quantum Rabi model. Therefore, we suggest that the photon-bunching measurement is helpful to characterize the first-order QPT of the qubit-photon hybrid systems.
description: 7 pages, 2 figures
Balancing Encapsulation Quality and Robustness of Film Silicon PV Technology for Optimal Durability and Cost
Creators: name: Harkema, S.H.M.
name: Peters, J.A.J.
name: Bennett, I.
name: Plomp, L.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2010
Subjects: Components for PV Systems
PV Modules

description: 25th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition / 5th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion, 6-10 September 2010, Valencia, Spain; 3964-3967
description: ECN develops thin-film silicon PV technology that can be produced roll to roll, with the objective
to reduce costs per Wp. The production process as well as integration of the resulting PV-film in building
products, requires flexible (front-side) encapsulation. This in turn relies on polymer materials with relatively high
costs and water ingress. Defining the demands of an encapsulation system is not obvious and depends on the
intrinsic properties of the PV materials. To obtain an optimum in durability and cost, a proper balance between
encapsulation quality and PV materials robustness is essential. Our work concentrates on both understanding the
chemical and thermo-mechanical deterioration mechanisms of the considered PV materials and development of
fit-to-purpose encapsulation technology. We evaluated the influence of robustness parameters of our f-Si
technology under exposure of humidity and condensed water at elevated temperatures. Condensation of water
showed major effects on the stability of the (encapsulated) layered structures. It caused local delamination
(buckling) which is attributed to the compressive stresses in the silicon layer and a decrease in adhesion at the
various interfaces. Various adjustments in e.g. active layer microstructure, types of back contact layer material,
and pretreatment of substrates, showed significant improvements in the stability of the f-Si technology under the
test conditions.
Supplementary document for Obtaining the spectroscopic quality factor through the luminescent thermometry in 50Li₂O · 45B₂O₃ · 5Al₂O₃ Glasses Dopped with Nd3+ and Fluorides - 6202180.pdf
Creators: name: Laia, André
name: Neto, José Felix
name: Brandão-Silva, Antônio
name: Rodrigues, Jose
name: Santos, Marcos
name: Dantas, Noelio
name: Silva, Anielle
name: Alencar, Marcio
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2023
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Emission spectra and temperature uncertainties
Emulation of multivariate simulators using thin-plate splines with application to atmospheric dispersion
Creators: name: Bowman, Veronica E.
name: Woods, David C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 62-07, 62G08, 62P12

description: It is often desirable to build a statistical emulator of a complex computer simulator in order to perform analysis which would otherwise be computationally infeasible. We propose methodology to model multivariate output from a computer simulator taking into account output structure in the responses. The utility of this approach is demonstrated by applying it to a chemical and biological hazard prediction model. Predicting the hazard area that results from an accidental or deliberate chemical or biological release is imperative in civil and military planning and also in emergency response. The hazard area resulting from such a release is highly structured in space and we therefore propose the use of a thin-plate spline to capture the spatial structure and fit a Gaussian process emulator to the coefficients of the resultant basis functions. We compare and contrast four different techniques for emulating multivariate output: dimension-reduction using (i) a fully Bayesian approach with a principal component basis, (ii) a fully Bayesian approach with a thin-plate spline basis, assuming that the basis coefficients are independent, and (iii) a "plug-in" Bayesian approach with a thin-plate spline basis and a separable covariance structure; and (iv) a functional data modeling approach using a tensor-product (separable) Gaussian process. We develop methodology for the two thin-plate spline emulators and demonstrate that these emulators significantly outperform the principal component emulator. Further, the separable thin-plate spline emulator, which accounts for the dependence between basis coefficients, provides substantially more realistic quantification of uncertainty, and is also computationally more tractable, allowing fast emulation. For high resolution output data, it also offers substantial predictive and computational advantages over the tensor-product Gaussian process emulator.
Textured Silicon Heterojunction Solar Cells With Over 700 mV Open-Circuit Voltage Studied by Transmission Electron Microscopy
Creators: name: Olibet, S.
name: Monachon, C.
name: Hessler-Wyser, A.
name: Vallat-Sauvain, E.
name: De Wolf, S.
name: Fesquet, L.
name: Damon-Lacoste, J.
name: Ballif, C.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2008
Subjects: Wafer-Based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Mono- and Multicrystalline Silicon Cells and Materials, Processing Technology of

description: 23rd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition, 1-5 September 2008, Valencia, Spain; 1140-1144
description: In this article, we report on the use of transmission electron microscopy (TEM) for the fabrication of high-performance textured amorphous/crystalline silicon (a-Si:H/c-Si) heterojunction (HJ) solar cells. Whereas classical thin-film characterization techniques allowed us to optimize the a-Si:H layer properties for flat HJ solar cells (open-circuit voltages (VOC) up to 710 mV and energy conversion efficiencies up to 19.1%), these techniques can not always be fully exploited on textured c-Si surfaces. Nevertheless, in this situation, TEM micrographs permit us to identify device performance limiting factors, such as, e.g., local epitaxy in pyramid valleys as the main source of our VOC-loss. Minimizing this local epitaxy by adjusting the amorphous Si based layers growth conditions and improving the c-Si surface morphology yields Si HJ solar cells with VOCs over 700 mV.