cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Generation of a homology model of the human histamine H₃ receptor for ligand docking and pharmacophore-based screening
Creators: name: Schlegel, Birgit
name: Laggner, Christian
name: Meier, Rene
name: Langer, Thierry
name: Schnell, David
name: Seifert, Roland
name: Stark, Holger
name: Höltje, Hans-Dieter
name: Sippl, Wolfgang
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Histamine; H₃ receptor; Docking; Molecular dynamics; GOLD; Catalyst; Pharmacophore; Rhodopsin
subject: 610 Medizin

description: The human histamine H₃ receptor (hH₃R) is a G-protein coupled receptor (GPCR), which modulates the release of various neurotransmitters in the central and peripheral nervous system and therefore is a potential target in the therapy of numerous diseases. Although ligands addressing this receptor are already known, the discovery of alternative lead structures represents an important goal in drug design. The goal of this work was to study the hH3R and its antagonists by means of molecular modelling tools. For this purpose, a strategy was pursued in which a homology model of the hH₃R based on the crystal structure of bovine rhodopsin was generated and refined by molecular dynamics simulations in a dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC)/water membrane mimic before the resulting binding pocket was used for high-throughput docking using the program GOLD. Alternatively, a pharmacophore-based procedure was carried out where the alleged bioactive conformations of three different potent hH₃R antagonists were used as templates for the generation of pharmacophore models. A pharmacophore-based screening was then carried out using the program Catalyst. Based upon a database of 418 validated hH₃R antagonists both strategies could be validated in respect of their performance. Seven hits obtained during this screening procedure were commercially purchased, and experimentally tested in a [³H]Nα-methylhistamine binding assay. The compounds tested showed affinities at hH₃R with Ki values ranging from 0.079 to 6.3 lM.
Probing the $ν_{R}$-philic $Z'$ at DUNE near detectors
Creators: name: Chauhan, Garv
name: Dev, P. S. Bhupal
name: Xu, Xun-Jie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a hidden $U(1)$ gauge symmetry under which only the right-handed neutrinos ($ν_{R}$) are charged. The corresponding gauge boson is referred to as the $ν_{R}$-philic $Z'$. Despite the absence of direct gauge couplings to ordinary matter at tree level, loop-induced couplings of the $ν_{R}$-philic $Z'$ via left-right neutrino mixing can be responsible for its experimental accessibility. An important feature of the $ν_{R}$-philic $Z'$ is that its couplings to neutrinos are generally much larger than its couplings to charged leptons and quarks, thus providing a particularly interesting scenario for future neutrino experiments such as DUNE to probe. We consider two approaches to probe the $ν_{R}$-philic $Z'$ at DUNE near detectors via (i) searching for $Z'$ decay signals, and (ii) precision measurement of elastic neutrino-electron scattering mediated by the $Z'$ boson. We show that the former will have sensitivity comparable to or better than previous beam dump experiments, while the latter will improve current limits substantially for large neutrino couplings.
description: 21 pages, 6 figures; version published in Phys. Lett. B
Derivations of a family of quantum second Weyl algebras
Creators: name: Launois, S
name: Oppong, I
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In view of a well-known theorem of Dixmier, its is natural to consider primitive quotients of $U_q^+(\mathfrak{g})$ as quantum analogues of Weyl algebras. In this work, we study these primitive quotients in the $G_2$ case and compute their Lie algebra of derivations.
description: 38pp. Comments welcome
Reliability of meta-analysis, case studies
Creators: name: S. Stanley Young
name: Fogel, Paul
name: Kindzierski, Warren
name: Meyer, Terry
Publisher: name: F1000 Research Limited
Year: 2019

description: A meta-analysis is a statistical analysis process that combines the results of multiple studies found using a computer search for papers addressing a specific question. The thinking is that there is a common truth behind all conceptually similar scientific studies and that some sort of average effect will be more accurate and informative. On the other hand, it is generally acknowledged that most claims from observational studies fail to replicate so it does not make sense to move results from observational studies uncritically into a meta-analysis. We use two things to examine the reliability of meta-analysis studies. First, we estimate the search space of base studies. We count the outcomes, the predictors and the covariates. A
highly cited meta-analysis paper examining whether short-term air quality exposure triggers myocardial infarction was evaluated as a case study. The number of possible questions and statistical models at issue in each of 34 base papers used were estimated. Analysis search spaces (number of statistical tests possible) in the base papers were large, median = 12,288 (interquartile range = 2,496−58,368). Statistical test results taken from the base papers cannot be depended upon to be unbiased measures of effect. P-value plots were constructed to evaluate the effect heterogeneity of p-values used in the base papers. We note bi-linear p-value plots, which suggest heterogeneous, researcher-generated p-values. We conclude that this meta-analysis does not provide reliable evidence for an association of air quality components with myocardial risk.
Far-Infrared Line Imaging of the Starburst Ring in NGC 1097 with the Herschel/PACS Spectrometer
Creators: name: Beirao, P.
name: Armus, L.
name: Appleton, P. N.
name: Smith, J. -D. T.
name: Croxall, K. V.
name: Murphy, E. J.
name: Dale, D. A.
name: Helou, G.
name: Kennicutt, R. C.
name: Calzetti, D.
name: Bolatto, A. D.
name: Brandl, B. R.
name: Crocker, A. F.
name: Draine, B. T.
name: Dumas, G.
name: Engelbracht, C. W.
name: de Paz, A. Gil
name: Gordon, K. D.
name: Groves, B.
name: Hao, C. -N.
name: Hinz, J. L.
name: Hunt, L. K.
name: Johnson, B. D.
name: Koda, J.
name: Krause, O.
name: Leroy, A. K.
name: Meidt, S. E.
name: Richer, J.
name: Rix, H. -W.
name: Rahman, N.
name: Roussel, H.
name: Sandstrom, K. M.
name: Sauvage, M.
name: Schinnerer, E.
name: Skibba, R. A.
name: Srinivasan, S.
name: Walter, F.
name: Warren, B. E.
name: Wilson, C. D.
name: Wolfire, M. G.
name: Zibetti, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: NGC 1097 is a nearby SBb galaxy with a Seyfert nucleus and a bright starburst ring. We study the physical properties of the interstellar medium (ISM) in the ring using spatially resolved far-infrared spectral maps of the circumnuclear starburst ring of NGC 1097, obtained with the PACS spectrometer on board the Herschel Space Telescope. In particular, we map the important ISM cooling and diagnostic emission lines of [OI] 63 $μ$m, [OIII] 88 $μ$m, [NII] 122 $μ$m, [CII] 158 $μ$m and [NII] 205 $μ$m. We observe that in the [OI] 63 $μ$m, [OIII] 88 $μ$m, and [NII] 122 $μ$m line maps, the emission is enhanced in clumps along the NE part of the ring. We observe evidence of rapid rotation in the circumnuclear ring, with a rotation velocity of ~220$ km s$^{-1}$ (inclination uncorrected) measured in all lines. The [OI] 63 $μ$m/[CII] 158 $μ$m ratio varies smoothly throughout the central region, and is enhanced on the northeastern part of the ring, which may indicate a stronger radiation field. This enhancement coincides with peaks in the [OI] 63 $μ$m and [OIII] 88 $μ$m maps. Variations of the [NII] 122 $μ$m/[NII] 205 $μ$m ratio correspond to a range in the ionized gas density between 150 and 400 cm$^{-3}$.
description: Accepted for publication on the A&A Herschel Special Issue
Exploring Proxying QUIC and HTTP/3 for Satellite Communication
Creators: name: Kosek, Mike
name: Cech, Hendrik
name: Bajpai, Vaibhav
name: Ott, Jörg
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Low-Earth Orbit satellites have gained momentum to provide Internet connectivity, augmenting those in the long-established geostationary orbits. At the same time, QUIC has been developed as the new transport protocol for the web. While QUIC traffic is fully encrypted, intermediaries such as performance enhancing proxies (PEPs) - in the past essential for Internet over satellite performance - can no longer tamper with and optimize transport connections. In this paper, we present a satellite emulation testbed and use it to compare QUIC and TCP as well as HTTP/3 and HTTP/1.1 with and without minimal PEP functionality. Evaluating goodput over time, we find that the slow start threshold is reached up to 2s faster for QUIC PEP in comparison to QUIC Non-PEP. Moreover, we find that HTTP/3 and HTTP/3-PEP outperform HTTP/1.1 and HTTP/1.1-PEP in multiple web performance scenarios, where HTTP/3-PEP improves over HTTP/3 for Page Load Time by over 7s in edge cases. Hence, our findings hint that these performance gains may warrant exploring PEPs for QUIC.
description: The final publication is available at IEEE Xplore via https://doi.org/10.23919/IFIPNetworking55013.2022.9829773
Weak Localization in Ferromagnetic (GaMn)As Nanostructures
Creators: name: Neumaier, Daniel
name: Wagner, Konrad
name: Geißler, Stefan
name: Wurstbauer, Ursula
name: Sadowski, J.
name: Wegscheider, Werner
name: Weiss, Dieter
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: 530 Physik

description: We report on the observation of weak localization in arrays of (Ga,Mn)As nanowires at millikelvin temperatures. The corresponding phase coherence length Lphi is typically between 100 and 200 nm at 20 mK. Strong spin-orbit interaction in the material is manifested by a weak antilocalization correction around zero magnetic field.
Development and application of microscale technology for single-cell sequencing
Creators: name: Zahn, Hans
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2019

description: Genomic heterogeneity is a central feature of many cancers and plays a critical role in disease initiation, progression, and response to treatment. As a result, development of robust, scalable and high-fidelity single-cell genomics has become critical to understanding the structure and dynamics of cellular heterogeneity in cancer. However, conventional methods based on library construction from pre-amplified samples introduce artefacts and coverage bias, and are also prohibitively expensive for large-scale studies of thousands of single cells. In this thesis I describe the development and application of technology that uses nanolitre volume transposase reactions to enable the streamlined preparation of single-cell next-generation sequencing libraries without the need for prior amplification. This workflow permits the economical and high-throughput analysis of large numbers of cells. I show the application of the direct library preparation (DLP) method to examine whole genomes from cell lines and murine xenografts derived from a primary triple-negative human breast cancer tumour. Low-coverage sequencing and analysis revealed that the lack of pre-amplification resulted in high uniform coverage amenable to copy number inference, with greater uniformity of coverage and more reliable detection of megabase-scale copy number alterations than existing methods. Pooling of individual cells was used to generate “bulk-equivalent” genomes with equal coverage breadth and uniformity to a standard bulk genome with the same sequencing depth. Phylogenetic analysis of hundreds of single-cell copy number profiles revealed minor clonal sub-populations that were undetectable in bulk measurements. This thesis presents new technology for low-depth sequencing and pooling of single-cell libraries constructed without pre-amplification, and demonstrates that this strategy can provide an effective replacement for conventional bulk sequencing strategies, permitting detailed reconstruction of copy number clonal lineages as well as standard inference of other variants, without significantly increasing the total sequencing effort.
Momentum dependent gap in holographic superconductors revisited
Creators: name: Ghorai, Debabrata
name: Choun, Yoon-Seok
name: Sin, Sang-Jin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We reconsider the angular dependence in gap structure of holographic superconductors, which has not been treated carefully so far. For the vector field model, we show that the normalizable ground state is in the p-wave state because s-wave state is not normalizable. On the other hand, in the scalar order model, the ground state is in the $s$-wave. The angle dependent gap function is explicitly constructed in these models. We also suggest the modified ansatz of the vector order which enables to discuss the order $p_{x}\pm ip_{y}$ gap, which has not been possible so far. We have also analytically investigated the critical temperature and the behavior of the gap near there. Interestingly, for the fixed conformal dimension of the Cooper pair operator, the critical temperature in vector model is higher than that of the scalar model.
description: 33 pages, 18 figures
Modeling the growth of fingerprints improves matching for adolescents
Creators: name: Gottschlich, Carsten
name: Hotz, Thomas
name: Lorenz, Robert
name: Bernhardt, Stefanie
name: Hantschel, Michael
name: Munk, Axel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We study the effect of growth on the fingerprints of adolescents, based on which we suggest a simple method to adjust for growth when trying to recover a juvenile's fingerprint in a database years later. Based on longitudinal data sets in juveniles' criminal records, we show that growth essentially leads to an isotropic rescaling, so that we can use the strong correlation between growth in stature and limbs to model the growth of fingerprints proportional to stature growth as documented in growth charts. The proposed rescaling leads to a 72% reduction of the distances between corresponding minutiae for the data set analyzed. These findings were corroborated by several verification tests. In an identification test on a database containing 3.25 million right index fingers at the Federal Criminal Police Office of Germany, the identification error rate of 20.8% was reduced to 2.1% by rescaling. The presented method is of striking simplicity and can easily be integrated into existing automated fingerprint identification systems.
Beat of a current
Creators: name: Harunari, Pedro E.
name: Garilli, Alberto
name: Polettini, Matteo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The fluctuation relation, a milestone of modern thermodynamics, is only established when a set of fundamental currents can be measured. Here we prove that it also holds for systems with hidden transitions if observations are carried ``at their own beat,'' that is, by stopping the experiment after a fixed number of visible transitions, rather than the elapse of an external clock time. This suggests that thermodynamic symmetries are more resistant to the loss of information when described in the space of transitions.
description: 10 pages, 7 figures
title: Das steuerliche interne Kontrollsystem (SIKS)
title: im Rahmen der begleitenden Kontrolle durch das Finanzamt aus unternehmerischer Sicht
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Schlosser, Katharina Elisabeth
Publisher: name: FH Vorarlberg (Fachhochschule Vorarlberg)
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 650 Management

description: Interne Kontrollsysteme helfen Unternehmen bei der Steuerung und Überwachung risikobehafteter Prozesse und sind für Unternehmen bestimmter Größe und Rechtsform sogar verpflichtend. Der Gedanke eines spezifischen internen Kontrollsystems für Steuern ist dagegen recht neu. Da der Staat ein starkes Interesse an der korrekten und möglichst umfassenden Unternehmensbesteuerung hat, wurde das Prinzip des Horizontal Monitorings aufgegriffen und zur Begleitenden Kontrolle weiterentwickelt. Diese tritt anstelle der sonst üblichen Außenprüfung durch das zuständige Finanzamt. Zielgruppe für die begleitende Kontrolle sind besonders große, in Österreich ansässige Unternehmen und Unternehmensgruppen. Ein wesentliches Kriterium, um die begleitende Kontrolle beantragen zu können, ist das Vorhandensein eines funktionstüchtigen steuerlichen internen Kontrollsystems. Die Arbeit beschäftigt sich mit der Gestaltung und Funktionsweise eines steuerlichen internen Kontrollsystems, wie es für die begleitende Kontrolle erforderlich ist. Es thematisiert die für ein Unternehmen damit verbundenen Vor- und Nachteile, sowohl für das steuerliche interne Kontrollsystem selbst als auch die begleitende Kontrolle und vorhandenes Entwicklungspotenzial.
Peculiarities of the Solar-Wind/Magnetosphere Coupling in the Era of Solar Grand Minimum
Creators: name: Yermolaev, Yuri I.
name: Lodkina, Irina G.
name: Khokhlachev, Aleksander A.
name: Yermolaev, Mikhail Yu.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Based on the data of the solar wind (SW) measurements of the OMNI base for the period 1976-2019, the behavior of SW types as well as plasma and interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) parameters for 21-24 solar cycles (SCs) is studied. It is shown that with the beginning of the Era of Solar Grand Minimum (SC 23), the proportion of magnetic storms initiated by CIR increased. In addition, a change in the nature of SW interaction with the magnetosphere could occur due to a decrease in the density, temperature, and IMF of the solar wind.
description: 6 pages, 2 figures
Spin Currents in Rough Graphene Nanoribbons: Universal Fluctuations and Spin Injection
Creators: name: Wimmer, Michael
name: Adagideli, İnanç
name: Berber, Savaş
name: Tomanek, David
name: Richter, Klaus
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: 530 Physik
subject: 85.75.-d
subject: 72.25.-b
subject: 73.22.-f
subject: 73.63.-b

description: We investigate spin conductance in zigzag graphene nanoribbons and propose a spin injection method based only on graphene. Combining density functional theory with tight-binding transport calculations, we find that nanoribbons with asymmetrically shaped edges show a non-zero spin conductance and can be used for spin injection. Furthermore, nanoribbons with rough edges exhibit mesoscopic spin conductance fluctuations with a universal value of $rms G_s = 0.4 e/4\\pi$.
An Introduction to Software Engineering and Fault Tolerance
Creators: name: Pelliccione, Patrizio
name: Muccini, Henry
name: Guelfi, Nicolas
name: Romanovsky, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This book consists of the chapters describing novel approaches to integrating fault tolerance into software development process. They cover a wide range of topics focusing on fault tolerance during the different phases of the software development, software engineering techniques for verification and validation of fault tolerance means, and languages for supporting fault tolerance specification and implementation. Accordingly, the book is structured into the following three parts: Part A: Fault tolerance engineering: from requirements to code; Part B: Verification and validation of fault tolerant systems; Part C: Languages and Tools for engineering fault tolerant systems.
Solvation forces in Ising films with long-range boundary fields: density-matrix renormalization-group study
Creators: name: Drzewinski, A.
name: Maciolek, A.
name: Barasinski, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using the quasi-exact density-matrix renormalization-group method we calculate the solvation forces in two-dimensional Ising films of thickness L subject to identical algebraically decaying boundary fields with various decay exponents p. At the bulk critical point the solvation force acquires a universal contribution which is long-ranged in L due to the critical fluctuations, a phenomenon known as the critical Casimir effect. For p = 2, 3 and 50, we study the scaling behaviour of the solvation force along the pseudo-phase coexistence and along the critical and sub-critical isotherms.
description: 9 pages, 6 figures, accepted to Molecular Physics
Heterogeneous Domain Adaptation with Adversarial Neural Representation Learning: Experiments on E-Commerce and Cybersecurity
Creators: name: Ebrahimi, Mohammadreza
name: Chai, Yidong
name: Zhang, Hao Helen
name: Chen, Hsinchun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Learning predictive models in new domains with scarce training data is a growing challenge in modern supervised learning scenarios. This incentivizes developing domain adaptation methods that leverage the knowledge in known domains (source) and adapt to new domains (target) with a different probability distribution. This becomes more challenging when the source and target domains are in heterogeneous feature spaces, known as heterogeneous domain adaptation (HDA). While most HDA methods utilize mathematical optimization to map source and target data to a common space, they suffer from low transferability. Neural representations have proven to be more transferable; however, they are mainly designed for homogeneous environments. Drawing on the theory of domain adaptation, we propose a novel framework, Heterogeneous Adversarial Neural Domain Adaptation (HANDA), to effectively maximize the transferability in heterogeneous environments. HANDA conducts feature and distribution alignment in a unified neural network architecture and achieves domain invariance through adversarial kernel learning. Three experiments were conducted to evaluate the performance against the state-of-the-art HDA methods on major image and text e-commerce benchmarks. HANDA shows statistically significant improvement in predictive performance. The practical utility of HANDA was shown in real-world dark web online markets. HANDA is an important step towards successful domain adaptation in e-commerce applications.
description: Forthcoming in IEEE Transactions on Pattern Recognition and Machine Intelligence (TPAMI)
title: Working in ministries or public organizations in Saudi Arabia : A study of career development and job satisfaction of the Saudi Arabian middle managers
Creators: name: Diyab, A. H. A
Publisher: name: University of Kent
Year: 2022

description: Career development and job satisfaction studies carried out in developing countries are very limited in number. Saudi Arabia is one of those developing countries which appeared on the political scene quite recently, but striving hard to develop its human resources due to its heavy dependence on expatriate labour to initiate and execute its development plans. The genesis of the study began when General Civil Service Bureau officials noticed a large movement of employees from ministries to other sectors (i.e. public organizations and the private sector). The purpose of this dissertation is to examine and analyze the factors behind this movement and relate this to the studies of career development and job satisfaction. The position of government organizations in Saudi Arabia is rather unique. Most of their employees are drawn from Universities due to the regulations of the GCSB of compelling them to work in ministries for a period equivalent to that spent in their University education until graduation. This situation has prevented such graduates from choosing their own occupations and seem to hinder their career development. As a consequence, this study, not only analyzes career development and job satisfaction in Saudi Arabia, but (v) job satisfaction in Saudi Arabia, but also makes a comprehensive evaluation of economic, social and organisational environments which seem to have an effect of the occupational choice of the Saudis. We take the assumption that the ideology of free occupational choice is not properly applied in Saudi Arabia due to some cultural variables (e.g. nepotism and strong family ties). Hence, this thesis will develop a definition of the concept of occupational choice and career development and the process of personnel flow and the ways in which such movement can be influenced within the Saudi context. The study will be primarily concerned with middle managers in two types of organization - government ministries and public organizations. This will hopefully give a profile of the Saudi situation as far as occupational choice, career development and job satisfaction are concerned.
Spectral Mapping of the Intermediate Polar DQ Herculis
Creators: name: Saito, Roberto K.
name: Baptista, Raymundo
name: Horne, Keith
name: Martell, Phillip
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report an eclipse mapping study of the intermediate polar DQ Her based on time-resolved optical spectroscopy (~3800-5000A) covering 4 eclipses. Eclipse maps of the HeII 4686 line indicate that an azimuthally-and vertically-extended bright spot at disk rim is important source of reprocessing of x-rays from the magnetic poles. The disk spectrum is flat with no Balmer or Helium lines in the inner regions, and shows double-peaked emission lines in the intermediate and outer disk regions while the slope of the continuum becomes progressively redder with increasing radius. The inferred disk temperatures are in the range T~13500-5000K and can be reasonably well described by a steady-state disk with mass accretion rate of dM/dt=(2.7+/-1.0)x10^-9 Msun/yr. A comparison of the radial intensity distribution for the Balmer lines reveals a linear correlation between the slope of the distribution and the transition energy. The spectrum of the uneclipsed light is dominated by Balmer and HeI lines in emission with narrow absorption cores. The observed narrow and redshifted CaII 3934 absorption line in the total light spectra plus the inverse P-Cygni profiles of the Balmer and HeII 4686 emission lines in spectra of the asymmetric component indicate radial inflow of gas in the innermost disk regions and are best explained in terms of magnetically-controlled accretion inside the white dwarf magnetosphere. We infer projected radial inflow velocities of ~200-500km/s, significantly lower than both the rotational and the free-fall velocities for the corresponding range of radii. A combined net emission HeII plus Hbeta low-velocity eclipse map reveals a twisted dipole emitting pattern near disk center. This is interpreted as being the projection of accretion curtains onto the orbital plane at two specific spin phases, as a consequence of the selection in velocity provided by the spectral eclipse mapping.
description: Published in The Astronomical Journal
Quantum metallicity at the High-Field Side of the Superconductor-Insulator Transition
Creators: name: Baturina, T.
name: Strunk, Christoph
name: Baklanov, M. R.
name: Satta, A.
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: 530 Physik

description: We investigate ultrathin superconducting TiN films, which are very close to the localization threshold. Perpendicular magnetic field drives the films from the superconducting to an insulating state, with very high resistance. Further increase of the magnetic field leads to an exponential decay of the resistance towards a finite value. In the limit of low temperatures, the saturation value can be very accurately extrapolated to the universal quantum resistance h/e2. Our analysis suggests that at high magnetic fields a new ground state, distinct from the normal metallic state occurring above the superconducting transition temperature, is formed. A comparison with other studies on different materials indicates that the quantum metallic phase following the magnetic-field-induced insulating phase is a generic property of systems close to the disorder-driven superconductor-insulator transition.
Numerically Exact Long Time Behavior of Nonequilibrium Quantum Impurity Models
Creators: name: Gull, Emanuel
name: Reichman, David R.
name: Millis, Andrew J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A Monte Carlo sampling of diagrammatic corrections to the non-crossing approximation is shown to provide numerically exact estimates of the long-time dynamics and steady state properties of nonequilibrium quantum impurity models. This `bold' expansion converges uniformly in time and significantly ameliorates the sign problem that has heretofore limited the power of real-time Monte Carlo approaches to strongly interacting real-time quantum problems. The new approach enables the study of previously intractable problems ranging from generic long time nonequilibrium transport characteristics in systems with large onsite repulsion to the direct description of spectral functions on the real frequency axis in Dynamical Mean Field Theory.
Highly Skilled Migration between the EU and Turkey: Drivers and Scenarios
Creators: name: Sánchez-Montijano, Elena
name: Kaya, Ayhan
name: Sökem, Melike Janine
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: European Union; Turkey; EU-Turkey Relations; Skilled Migration; Drivers; Scenarios; 1999-2013; 2023; Labour Shortage; Knowledge-Based Economy; Mobility; Migration; Legal Framework; Cohesion; Convergence

description: FEUTURE Online Paper No. 21

Attracting and retaining highly skilled migrants has become a priority for countries looking to address labour shortages and to strengthen their positions as knowledge-based economies. In this framework the EU and Turkey have, in recent years, been introducing policies aimed at facilitating the arrival of highly skilled migrants. Based on the recognition that migration/mobility is a bi-directional issue, this paper analyses the movement of Turkish highly skilled migrants to the EU and of European highly skilled migrants to Turkey. It focuses on the drivers that affect the mobility of such migrants.

The paper argues that in spite of the lack of cohesive legal frameworks on high-skilled migration between the EU, member states and Turkey, the presence of high-skilled migration frameworks and policies has been a positive driver in EU-Turkey relations. It notes that from 1999 to 2013, political, societal and economic developments in EU and Turkey were drivers that increased the mobility of highly skilled migrants (including students), particularly from the EU to Turkey. The same drivers, in general terms, reversed this trend from roughly 2013 onwards (marked by the Gezi protests in Turkey). In sum, highly skilled migration stands out as an area of mutual benefit, particularly to drive EU-Turkey relations in the direction of “convergence” in 2023.
description: This project has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 692976. This publication reflects the views only of the authors, and the Commission cannot be held responsible for any use which may be made of the information contained therein.
title: Beyond Us and Them - Societal Cohesion in Britain Through Eighteen Months of Covid-19
Creators: name: Abrams, Dominic
name: Broadwood, Jo
name: Lalot, Fanny
name: Davies Hayon, Kaya
name: Dixon, Andrew
Publisher: name: University of Kent
Year: 2021

description: This major report details findings undertaken by Belong - The Cohesion and Integration Network in partnership with the University of Kent’s Centre for the Study of Group Processes. The Beyond Us and Them project, funded by the Nuffield Foundation, is one of the largest studies so far into the impact of the pandemic on British society.
Bootstrapping 4d $\mathcal{N}=2$ gauge theories: the case of SQCD
Creators: name: Chester, Shai M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive exact relations between certain integrals of the conserved flavor current four point function in 4d $\mathcal{N}=2$ conformal field theories (CFTs) and derivatives of the mass deformed sphere free energy, which can be computed exactly for gauge theories using supersymmetric localization. For conformal gauge theories with flavor groups of rank greater than one, there are at least two such integrated constraints, which can then be combined with the numerical conformal bootstrap to bound CFT data as a function of the complexified gauge coupling $τ$. We apply this strategy to the case of $SU(2)$ conformal SQCD with flavor group $SO(8)$, where we compute bounds on unprotected scaling dimensions as a function of $τ$ that match the free theory limit, and exhibit the expected mixing between the action of the $SL(2,\mathbb{Z})$ duality group and $SO(8)$ triality.
description: 23 pages plus appendix, 7 figures, v4 fixed typos
Decoherence and single electron charging in an electronic Mach-Zehnder interferometer
Creators: name: Litvin, L. V.
name: Tranitz, H.-P.
name: Wegscheider, Werner
name: Strunk, Christoph
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: 530 Physik

description: We investigate the temperature and voltage dependence of the quantum interference in an electronic Mach-Zehnder interferometer using edge channels in the integer quantum-Hall regime. The amplitude of the interference fringes is significantly smaller than expected from theory; nevertheless the functional dependence of the visibility on temperature and bias voltage agrees very well with theoretical predictions. Superimposed on the Aharonov-Bohm (AB) oscillations, a conductance oscillation with a six times smaller period is observed. The latter depends only on gate voltage and not on the AB phase, and may be related to single electron charging.
Building human and financial capacity for Diamond OA
Creators: name: Proudman, Vanessa
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: equity
OA
efficiency
capacity-building
sustainability

description: In 2020, cOAlition S commissioned a study to gain insights into the OA publishing landscape of diamond journals and platforms, i.e. OA which is free to both readers and authors. The research, conducted by a group of 10 organizations led by OPERAS, aggregated data from an online survey that gathered over 1600 responses from journal editors across the globe, a quantitative analysis of data from bibliographical databases and a qualitative analysis based on focus groups of journal editors and interviews with infrastructure providers.
 The findings of the study show a fragmented landscape of relatively small journals that serve a wide range of disciplines and languages. Journals have a mix of scientific strengths and operational challenges (including compliance with funder mandates). Their economy is characterized by a large dependency on volunteers, universities and governments, modest publishing costs and a variety of funding models.
 In this presentation, we will discuss how to create a more connected, collaborative and resilient scholar-led OA diamond publishing system: one that supports OA participation for all researchers, regardless of their economic standing, culture, scientific domain or language. We will call on the recommendations of the study by focussing on how to gain efficiencies amongst many publishers to streamline processes and build shared services, becoming technically future-fit together. We will discuss building a new capacity centre for OA Diamond journal editors and platforms to grow, strengthen, innovate and save costs for that sector. We will end by proposing how a range of institutions and funders can help keep OA diamond free and sustainable for years to come also linking to the recent German study on the topic. We will focus on how to sustain the operations of OA diamond and investing in their future in the short, medium and long terms giving examples of how.
On asymptotically flat solutions of Einstein's equations periodic in time II. Spacetimes with scalar-field sources
Creators: name: Bičák, Jiří
name: Scholtz, Martin
name: Tod, Paul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We extend the work in our earlier article [4] to show that time-periodic, asymptotically-flat solutions of the Einstein equations analytic at scri, whose source is one of a range of scalar-field models, are necessarily stationary. We also show that, for some of these scalar-field sources, in stationary, asymptotically-flat solutions analytic at scri, the scalar field necessarily inherits the symmetry. To prove these results we investigate miscellaneous properties of massless and conformal scalar fields coupled to gravity, in particular Bondi mass and its loss.
description: 29 pages, published in Class. Quant. Grav. Replaced. Typos corrected, version which appeared in Class. Quant.Grav
Romancing modernity : poetry, process, and postsecularism
Creators: name: Rubel, William Ilan
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2020

description: This study reads key British Romantic texts (The Prelude, Songs of Innocence and Songs of Experience, The Book of Thel, Jerusalem, The Fall of Hyperion, The Triumph of Life, and Frankenstein) through the lens of integral philosophy, radical aesthetics, and speculative feminism. Its primary theoretical context is a postsecular shift in recent speculative realist thought, which is making the etho-ecological metaphysics of romantic poetry newly legible. As the term speculative realism remains ill-defined, in this context it should be understood in the “organic realist” tradition of aesthetic ontologists such as Massumi and Stengers, inspired by Whitehead and Deleuze, rather than the tradition of object-oriented ontologists such as Harman and Morton, inspired by Heidegger. A key claim of this study is that these versions of speculative realism constitute two different kinds of materialism, one of which might be called critical materialism (optics) and the other speculative materialism (haptics). The critical materialist approach, it is suggested, has dominated the affective turn in romantic studies, in ways that perpetuate skepticism about the more-than-human etho-ecological mode of attention presented in romantic poetry. To clarify the confused model of affect that results from the conflation of these materialisms, this study attempts to flesh out the difference that speculative materialist and critical materialist perspectives make to the interpretation of romantic poems. It finds that the latter perpetuates a modern private optics and centered metaphysics while the former ventures toward a postsecular haptics or etho-ecological metaphysics. This study has been entitled Romancing Modernity: Poetry, Process, and Postsecularism, to engage the widest possible audience. The title foregrounds the argument that the British Romantics challenged the modern bar on etho-ecological attention, advancing an alternative modernity that speculative feminists and ecosophical thinkers are now restoring to view. An alternative title, which would draw attention to its more specific argument about romantic poetry, is “Earth’s Answer”: Etho-ecological Modernity and Haptic Aesthetics in Blake, Wordsworth, and the Second-Generation Romantics.
Scrambling of Algebras in Open Quantum Systems
Creators: name: Andreadakis, Faidon
name: Anand, Namit
name: Zanardi, Paolo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Many quantitative approaches to the dynamical scrambling of information in quantum systems involve the study of out-of-time-ordered correlators (OTOCs). In this paper, we introduce an algebraic OTOC ($\mathcal{A}$-OTOC) that allows us to study information scrambling of generalized quantum subsystems under quantum channels. For closed quantum systems, this algebraic framework was recently employed to unify quantum information-theoretic notions of operator entanglement, coherence-generating power, and Loschmidt echo. The main focus of this work is to provide a natural generalization of these techniques to open quantum systems. We first show that, for unitary dynamics, the $\mathcal{A}$-OTOC quantifies a generalized notion of information scrambling, namely between a subalgebra of observables and its commutant. For open quantum systems, on the other hand, we find a competition between the global environmental decoherence and the local scrambling of information. We illustrate this interplay by analytically studying various illustrative examples of algebras and quantum channels. To complement our analytical results, we perform numerical simulations of two paradigmatic systems: the PXP model and the Heisenberg XXX model, under dephasing. Our numerical results reveal connections with many-body scars and the stability of decoherence-free subspaces.
description: Close to published version. PRA Editors' Suggestion. Note: in the PRA version, the legend colors for Figure 2 are slightly off but the arXiv version has the corrected colors
Molecular Analysis of the Interaction of Bordetella pertussis Adenylyl Cyclase with Fluorescent Nucleotides
Creators: name: Göttle, Martin
name: Dove, Stefan
name: Steindel, Phillip
name: Shen, Yuequan
name: Tang, Wei-Jen
name: Geduhn, Jens
name: König, Burkhard
name: Seifert, Roland
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: 570 Biowissenschaften, Biologie
subject: 540 Chemie
subject: 610 Medizin

description: The calmodulin (CaM)-dependent adenylyl cyclase (AC) toxin from Bordetella pertussis (CyaA) substantially contributes to the pathogenesis of whooping cough. Thus, potent and selective CyaA inhibitors may be valuable drugs for prophylaxis of this disease. We examined the interactions of fluorescent 2',3'-N-methylanthraniloyl (MANT)-, anthraniloyl- and trinitrophenyl (TNP)-substituted nucleotides with CyaA. Compared with mammalian AC isoforms and Bacillus anthracis AC toxin edema factor, nucleotides inhibited catalysis by CyaA less potently. Introduction of the MANT substituent resulted in 5- to 170-fold increased potency of nucleotides. Ki values of 3'MANT-2'd- ATP and 2'MANT-3'd-ATP in the AC activity assay using Mn2+ were 220 and 340 nM, respectively. Natural nucleoside 5'- triphosphates, guanine-, hypoxanthine- and pyrimidine-MANTand TNP nucleotides and d(i)-MANT nucleotides inhibited CyaA, too. MANT nucleotide binding to CyaA generated fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) from tryptophans Trp69 and Trp242 and multiple tyrosine residues, yielding K(d) values of 300 nM for 3MANT-2d-ATP and 400 nM for 2'MANT-3'd-ATP. Fluorescence experiments and docking approaches indicate that the MANT- and TNP groups interact with Phe306. Increases of FRET and direct fluorescence with MANT nucleotides were strictly CaM-dependent, whereas TNP nucleotide fluorescence upon binding to CyaA increased in the absence of CaM and was actually reduced by CaM. In contrast to lowaffinity MANT nucleotides, even low-affinity TNP nucleotides generated strong fluorescence increases upon binding to CyaA. We conclude that the catalytic site of CyaA possesses substantial conformational freedom to accommodate structurally diverse ligands and that certain ligands bind to CyaA even in the absence of CaM, facilitating future inhibitor design.
Dynamic Characteristics of the Low-Temperature Decomposition of the C20 Fullerene
Creators: name: Katin, K. P.
name: Podlivaev, A. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Atomic and Molecular Clusters (physics.atm-clus)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A novel algorithm has been proposed for simulating thermal decomposition of atomic clusters at such low temperatures that the corresponding lifetimes are macroscopic and, hence, standard molecular dynamics algorithms are inapplicable. The proposed algorithm is based on a combination of the molecular dynamics and Monte Carlo techniques. It is used to calculate the temperature dependence of the lifetime of the thermalized C20 fullerene until it decomposes at T = 1300-4000 K. The frequency factor and activation energy of the decomposition are determined. It is demonstrate that the temperature dependences of the lifetimes of the heat-isolated and thermalized fullerenes differ significantly.
description: 6 pages, 1 figure
PROMISCES - Preventing Recalcitrant Organic Mobile Industrial chemicalS for Circular Economy in the Soil sediment water system
Creators: name: Jurewicz, Aleksandra
name: Bagheri, Lara
name: Heine, Nicole
name: Lions, Julie
name: Miehe, Ulf
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: PROMISCES
PFAS
Circular Economy

description: PROMISCES' Poster presented at 25th symposium "Strategien zur Boden- und Grundwassersanierung" ("Strategies for the remediation of Soil & Groundwater") .
Spin-orbit coupling and phase-coherence in InAs nanowires
Creators: name: Hernández, S. Estévez
name: Akabori, M.
name: Sladek, K.
name: Volk, Ch.
name: Alagha, S.
name: Hardtdegen, H.
name: Demarina, N.
name: Grützmacher, D.
name: Schäpers, Th.
name: Pala, M. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigated the magnetotransport of InAs nanowires grown by selective area metal-organic vapor phase epitaxy. In the temperature range between 0.5 and 30 K reproducible fluctuations in the conductance upon variation of the magnetic field or the back-gate voltage are observed, which are attributed to electron interference effects in small disordered conductors. From the correlation field of the magnetoconductance fluctuations the phase-coherence length l_phi is determined. At the lowest temperatures l_phi is found to be at least 300 nm, while for temperatures exceeding 2 K a monotonous decrease of l_phi with temperature is observed. A direct observation of the weak antilocalization effect indicating the presence of spin-orbit coupling is masked by the strong magnetoconductance fluctuations. However, by averaging the magnetoconductance over a range of gate voltages a clear peak in the magnetoconductance due to the weak antilocalization effect was resolved. By comparison of the experimental data to simulations based on a recursive two-dimensional Green's function approach a spin-orbit scattering length of approximately 70 nm was extracted, indicating the presence of strong spin-orbit coupling.
description: 8 pages, 7 figures