cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Lagrangian surface signatures reveal upper-ocean vertical displacement conduits near oceanic density fronts
Creators: name: Aravind, H. M.
name: Verma, Vicky
name: Sarkar, Sutanu
name: Freilich, Mara A.
name: Mahadevan, Amala
name: Haley, Patrick J.
name: Lermusiaux, Pierre F. J.
name: Allshouse, Michael R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Vertical transport in the ocean plays a critical role in the exchange of freshwater, heat, nutrients, and other biogeochemical tracers. While there are situations where vertical fluxes are important, studying the vertical transport and displacement of material requires analysis over a finite interval of time. One such example is the subduction of fluid from the mixed layer into the pycnocline, which is known to occur near density fronts. Divergence has been used to estimate vertical velocities indicating that surface measurements, where observational data is most widely available, can be used to locate these vertical transport conduits. We evaluate the correlation between surface signatures derived from Eulerian (horizontal divergence, density gradient, and vertical velocity) and Lagrangian (dilation rate and finite time Lyapunov exponent) metrics and vertical displacement conduits. Two submesoscale resolving models of density fronts and a data-assimilative model of the western Mediterranean were analyzed. The Lagrangian surface signatures locate significantly more of the strongest displacement features and the difference in the expected displacements relative to Eulerian ones increases with the length of the time interval considered. Ensemble analysis of forecasts from the Mediterranean model demonstrates that the Lagrangian surface signatures can be used to identify regions of strongest downward vertical displacement even without knowledge of the true ocean state.
description: 30 pages, 8 figures. Submitted to Ocean Modelling
HIV Seroprevalence Among Patients Admitted to Two Psychiatric Hospitals
Creators: name: Cournos, Francine
name: Empfield, Maureen
name: Horwath, Ewald
name: McKinnon, Karen M.
name: Meyer, Ilan H.
name: Schrage, Howell
name: Currie, Cathie
name: Agosin, Brenda
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1991
Subjects: Psychiatry
Epidemiology

description: OBJECTIVE: The authors determined the seroprevalence of HIV-1 among patients admitted to two psychiatric hospitals in New York City. METHOD: Patients consecutively admitted to an acute psychiatric unit in Manhattan and a large state hospital in Queens were anonymously tested for HIV-1 antibodies from December 1989 through July 1990. Test results were linked to age, gender, ethnicity, and two risk behaviors: male homosexual activity and injection drug use. RESULTS: Blood was obtained from 83.0% of the eligible patients. The prevalence of HIV was 5.5% (25 of 451). Black patients accounted for 38.0% of the patients tested and 76.0% of positive results (N = 19), a rate of 11.1% for this group. The rate of seropositivity was comparable in women and men. Clinicians had charted risk behavior for nine (36.0%) of the 25 HIV-positive patients. Infection control records suggested that clinicians were aware of seven (28.0%) of the positive cases. CONCLUSIONS: One in every 18 patients admitted to two public psychiatric hospitals in New York City was HIV positive. Clinical staff largely failed to identify HIV-positive patients. Ethnicity and a history of homosexual activity among men or use of injected drugs were strongly associated with seropositivity. This pattern of infection may be linked to needle sharing and/or sexual activity with partners who have shared needles. Future research should clarify how psychiatric illness affects risk-taking behavior, focus on improving detection by clinicians, and identify effective prevention strategies in this population.
Phase space gradient of dissipated work and information: A role of relative Fisher information
Creators: name: Yamano, Takuya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that an information theoretic distance measured by the relative Fisher information between canonical equilibrium phase densities corresponding to forward and backward processes is intimately related to the gradient of the dissipated work in phase space. We present a universal constraint on it via the logarithmic Sobolev inequality. Furthermore, we point out that a possible expression of the lower bound indicates a deep connection in terms of the relative entropy and the Fisher information of the canonical distributions.
description: 9 pages, no figures
Selenium and Mammary Resistance to Infectious Disease
Creators: name: Erskine, R. J.
name: Eberhart, R. J.
name: Grasso, P. J.
name: Scholz, R. W.
Publisher: name: American Association of Bovine Practitioners  Proceedings of the Annual Conference
Year: 1988

description: We designed an experimental mastitis trial to study, under more controlled conditions, the effect of Se on mammary resistance to disease. We divided twenty Holstein heifers into two groups of ten. One group was maintained on a Se deficient (Se-) diet with 0.04ppm Se on a total ration basis. The other group was fed a selenium adequate (Se+) diet that contained 0.14ppm Se. We fed both groups identical rations, except the Se+ group received an additional 2 mg of Se per head per day. All other nutrients, including Vitamin E, were fed at or above NRC recommended levels. We challenged the heifers at about 14 weeks post-partum with 30 colony forming units (cfu) of Escherichia coli in one quarter. Quarters selected for challenge had SCC <250,000 cells / ml and no prior infections.
description: American Association of Bovine Practitioners Proceedings of the Annual Conference, 1988
Dispute Resolution Institutions and Strategic Militarization
Creators: name: Meirowitz, Adam
name: Morelli, Massimo
name: Ramsay, Kristopher W.
name: Squintani, Francesco
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Economics
subject: Political science
subject: FOS: Political science

description: A central question in political science is how to best manage information asymmetries and commitment problems when disputes arise between states or nations. We argue that common framings of this problem miss an important feature: the institutions determining how disputes are resolved shape the incentives for nations to enter disputes. Because war can be sometimes understood as the down-side risk from entering a dispute, institutions that reduce the chances of war-fighting may induce perverse incentives to enter into disputes and militarize. We develop a simple crisis model that captures both the militarization decisions and bargaining behavior. We examine how features like direct communication and third-party involvement alter the incentives. Seemingly effective institutions that improve the chance of peace for a given distribution of military strength, can actually lower the chance of peace once one accounts for distortions to militarization decisions. To illustrate the value of this broader perspective we show how a form of intervention by a mediator concerned only with resolving the current crisis, turns out to create optimal militarization and bargaining incentives.
Discovery of Year-Scale Time Variability from Thermal X-ray Emission in Tycho's Supernova Remnant
Creators: name: Matsuda, Masamune
name: Uchida, Hiroyuki
name: Tanaka, Takaaki
name: Yamaguchi, Hiroya
name: Tsuru, Takeshi Go
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Mechanisms of particle heating are crucial to understanding the shock physics in supernova remnants (SNRs). However, there has been little information on time variabilities of thermalized particles so far. Here, we present a discovery of a gradually-brightening thermal X-ray emission found in Chandra data of Tycho's SNR obtained during 2000--2015. The emission exhibits a knot-like feature (Knot1) with a diameter of $\simeq0.04$~pc located in the northwestern limb, where we also find localized H$α$ filaments in an optical image taken with the Hubble Space Telescope in 2008. The model with the solar abundance reproduces the spectra of Knot1, suggesting that Knot1 originates from interstellar medium; this is the first detection of thermal X-ray emission from swept-up gas found in Tycho's SNR. Our spectral analysis indicates that the electron temperature of Knot1 has increased from $\sim0.30$ keV to $\sim0.69$ keV within the period between 2000 and 2015. These results lead us to ascribe the time-variable emission to a small dense clump recently heated by the forward shock at the location of Knot1. The electron-to-proton temperature ratio immediately downstream the shock ($β_{0}\equiv T_e/T_p$) is constrained to be $m_e/m_p\leqβ_{0}\leq0.15$ to reproduce the data, indicating the collisionless electron heating with efficiency consistent with previous H$α$ observations of Tycho and other SNRs with high shock velocities.
description: 13 pages, 12 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ
Properties of dense, asymmetric nuclear matter in Dirac-Brueckner-Hartree-Fock approach
Creators: name: Katayama, Tetsuya
name: Saito, Koichi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Within the Dirac-Brueckner-Hartree-Fock approach, using the Bonn potentials, we investigate the properties of dense, asymmetric nuclear matter and apply it to neutron stars. In the actual calculations of the nucleon self-energies and the energy density of matter, we study in detail the validity of an angle-averaged approximation and an averaging of the total momentum squared of interacting two-nucleons in nuclear matter. For practical use, we provide convenient parametrizations for the equation of state for symmetric nuclear matter and pure neutron matter. We also parametrize the nucleon self-energies in terms of polynomials of nucleon momenta. Those parametrizations can accurately reproduce the numerical results up to high densities.
description: 26 pages, 6 figures, 3 tables
Teat Dips and the Practitioner
Creators: name: Pankey, J. Woodrow
Publisher: name: American Association of Bovine Practitioners  Proceedings of the Annual Conference
Year: 1988

description: Control of bovine mastitis is predicated on a reduction in the rate of udder infection and a decrease in duration of existing udder infections.10 The duration of udder infection is affected by therapy, spontaneous cure, death and culling. Rate of udder infection is affected by udder hygiene practices, milking procedures and milking machine function.10 Emphasis will be given to udder hygiene practices in this paper, particularly postmilking teat antisepsis.
description: American Association of Bovine Practitioners Proceedings of the Annual Conference, 1988
The Controversy Surrounding the Role of the Bovine Virus Diarrhea Virus (B.V.D.V.) in the Pathogenesis of Pneumonic Pasteurellosis in Cattle
Creators: name: Radostits, Otto M.
name: Townsend, Hugh G.
Publisher: name: American Association of Bovine Practitioners  Proceedings of the Annual Conference
Year: 1988

description: This is a brief review and discussion of the evidence which has proposed for about the last 20 years that the bovine virus diarrhea virus (BVDV) has a role in the pathogenesis of pneumonic pasteurellosis of cattle which is one of the most common causes of acute undifferentiated bovine respiratory disease or the "shipping-fever complex." We propose to show that there is no substantive evidence to implicate the BVDV in the pathogenesis of acute respiratory disease in cattle.
description: American Association of Bovine Practitioners Proceedings of the Annual Conference, 1988
Mediation and Peace
Creators: name: Horner, Johannes
name: Morelli, Massimo
name: Squintani, Francesco
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Economics
subject: Political science
subject: FOS: Political science

description: This paper applies mechanism design to the study of international conflict resolution. Standard mechanisms in which an arbitrator can enforce her decisions are usually not feasible because disputants are sovereign entities. Nevertheless, we find that this limitation is inconsequential. Despite only being capable of making non-binding recommendations, we find that mediators are equally effective as arbitrators. We determine optimal mediation techniques. They consist in not precisely reporting information to conflicting parties, and specifically, in not revealing to a player with probability one that the opponent is weak. These obfuscation techniques strictly improve the chance of peace when the intensity of conflict is high, or when asymmetric information is significant.
The Role of Bovine Respiratory Syncytial Virus in "Garden Variety Shipping Fever"
Creators: name: Bennett, Bill
Publisher: name: American Association of Bovine Practitioners  Proceedings of the Annual Conference
Year: 1988

description: The title really should be followed by a question mark for two reasons: (1) we really do not fully understand BRSV's role as a primary etiological agent; and (2) we can only thus theorize its role in the BRD complex we call shipping fever. Now here's the bait for you to bear with me for this rather involved presentation: ■ I think we can answer BRSV's role in both atypical type and possibly in bronchiopneumonic animals. ■ I think we can shed some significant insight into "early mild" and "late severe" BRSV and all types of "atypical" pneumonias, and further those animals we call honkers, glottal edema, etc., ■ I think we can initiate a different and more meaningful thought process toward our bovine patients, their defense mechanisms, challenge, and disease processes. And we can do this easily and readily, in relation to BRSV, because they're all one and the same!
description: American Association of Bovine Practitioners Proceedings of the Annual Conference, 1988
INTERCEPT
Creators: name: Gibson, Irene
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine and Health Sciences

description: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is one of the leading causes of death and disability globally, with approximately 40% of events occurring in patients with pre-existing coronary heart disease (CHD). Guidelines recommend that secondary prevention should start as early as possible following diagnosis, however referral to and uptake and accessibility of hospital-based, secondary prevention programmes such as cardiac rehabilitation (CR), remains persistently poor. To address this challenge we have co-designed a digital intervention known as “INTERCEPT”, which aims to improve secondary prevention in CHD patients. Designed as a self-management tool, the Intercept intervention includes a mobile Health app linked to a healthcare professional portal and wearable technology. The aim of the INTERCEPT non randomised feasibility study is to gain an understanding of the acceptability and usability of the I-App in CHD patients, which will enable us to further refine the I-App intervention to optimise its acceptability, use and effectiveness prior to moving to a definitive randomised control trial.
ALD grown zinc oxide with controllable electrical properties
Creators: name: Guziewicz, E.
name: Godlewski, M.
name: Wachnicki, L.
name: Krajewski, T. A.
name: Luka, G.
name: Gieraltowska, S.
name: Jakiela, R.
name: Stonert, A.
name: Lisowski, W.
name: Krawczyk, M.
name: Sobczak, J. W.
name: Jablonski, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The paper presents results for zinc oxide films grown at low temperature regime by Atomic Layer Deposition (ALD). We discuss electrical properties of such films and show that low temperature deposition results in oxygen-rich ZnO layers in which free carrier concentration is very low. For optimized ALD process it can reach the level of 10^15 cm-3, while mobility of electrons is between 20 and 50 cm2/Vs. Electrical parameters of ZnO films deposited by ALD at low temperature regime are appropriate for constructing of the ZnO-based p-n and Schottky junctions. We demonstrate that such junctions are characterized by the rectification ratio high enough to fulfill requirements of 3D memories and are deposited at temperature 100degC which makes them appropriate for deposition on organic substrates.
description: 29 pages, 9 figures, 64 references, review paper
Decentralized College Admissions
Creators: name: Che, Yeon-Koo
name: Koh, Youngwoo
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2013
Subjects: Economics
Education, Higher

description: We study decentralized colleges admissions in the face of uncertain student preferences. Enrollment uncertainty causes colleges to strategically target their admissions, forgoing students sought after by others and seeking students overlooked by others. When students' types are multidimensional, colleges avoid head-on competition by placing excessive weights on less correlated dimensions. Restricting the number of applications or allowing for wait-listing alleviates enrollment uncertainty, but the resulting assignments of decentralized matching are inefficient and unfair. A centralized matching via Gale and Shapley's deferred acceptance algorithm attains efficiency and fairness, but some colleges can be worse off relative to decentralized matching.
Efficiency versus effort: a better way to compare best photovoltaic research cell efficiencies?
Creators: name: Dale, Phillip J.
name: Scarpulla, Michael A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Frequently, trends in record AM1.5 power-conversion efficiencies versus time, such as the NREL efficiency chart, are used to analyze the relative merits of different photovoltaic material technologies. However, this approach belies the effort expended in achieving these levels of performance. We introduce cumulative publications as a proxy for total R&D efforts and find surprisingly that silicon, Cu(In,Ga)Se2 (CIGSe), CdTe, and halide perovskite technologies have each followed essentially the same learning curve of 20-24% efficiency within 10,000 publications and a consistent marginal rate of 5% efficiency increase per factor of 10 in publications. While learning spillover from non-PV technologies, cross-pollination from other PV technologies, and hidden commercial effort are not accounted for by this metric, this analysis still yields useful and novel insights into PV technology trajectories. Trajectories below this learning curve have required more total effort per performance and plateaus of efficiency stagnation at large numbers of publications may indicate (but do not guarantee) the existence of fundamental barriers to commercially relevant performance. Lastly, examples to watch are identified for technologies currently exhibiting higher marginal slopes, including some that appeared dormant by this metric in past years.
Emerging Role of Haemophilus somnus in Previously Unreported Manifestations in Western Canada
Creators: name: Groom, S. C.
Publisher: name: American Association of Bovine Practitioners  Proceedings of the Annual Conference
Year: 1988

description: This discussion will encompass personal observations and impressions developed from involvement in academic research and involvement with the diagnostic laboratory system in Alberta. The title should be interpreted as a question rather than a statement of fact. I have endeavoured to answer it and in the attempt stressed the importance of cautious investigation into the resolution of questions of feedlot health (disease). I have deliberately minimized the inclusion of information and opinions available from various published sources. An effort has been made to examine the roles of the practitioner and the diagnostic laboratory when making conclusions on feedlot health patterns. The role of H. somnus in several feedlot disease syndromes has been examined with suggestions on possible pathogenic mechanisms.
description: American Association of Bovine Practitioners Proceedings of the Annual Conference, 1988
Mines: The Local Welfare Effects of Mineral Mining in Developing Countries
Creators: name: Von Der Goltz, Jan
name: Barnwal, Prabhat
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2014
Subjects: Economics
Public health

description: Do residents of mining communities face health-wealth trade-offs? We conduct the first extensive investigation assessing this question using micro-data from communities near about 800 mineral mines in 44 developing countries. Mining communities enjoy a substantial medium term rise in asset wealth (0.3σ), but experience a nine percentage point increase in anemia among adult women, and a five percentage point increase in the prevalence of stunting in young children. Both of these health impacts have previously been linked to metal toxicity - and in particular, exposure to high levels of environmental lead. Benefits and costs are strongly concentrated in the immediate vicinity (5km) of the nearest mine. We find no systematic evidence of general ill health, and we observe health impacts only near mines of a type where lead pollution is to be expected. Identification is based on a mine-level and mother-level panel, and in the cross-section, on group effects. A novel instrumental variable serves as a cross-sectional robustness check. To make plausible that the observed health impacts are due to pollution, we develop difference-in-difference tests based on the known association of certain mine types with lead pollution, and based on the pathophysiology of lead toxicity. Our results represent the first comprehensive assessment of the local welfare impacts of mining in developing countries, and add to the evidence suggesting that communities near industrial centers in developing countries face information or cost constraints that limit their choice sets.
Spontaneous fission lifetimes from the minimization of self-consistent collective action
Creators: name: Sadhukhan, Jhilam
name: Mazurek, K.
name: Baran, A.
name: Dobaczewski, J.
name: Nazarewicz, W.
name: Sheikh, J. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The spontaneous fission lifetime of 264Fm has been studied within nuclear density functional theory by minimizing the collective action integral for fission in a two-dimensional quadrupole collective space representing elongation and triaxiality. The collective potential and inertia tensor are obtained self-consistently using the Skyrme energy density functional and density-dependent pairing interaction. The resulting spontaneous fission lifetimes are compared with the static result obtained with the minimum-energy pathway. We show that fission pathways strongly depend on assumptions underlying collective inertia. With the non-perturbative mass parameters, the dynamic fission pathway becomes strongly triaxial and it approaches the static fission valley. On the other hand, when the standard perturbative cranking inertia tensor is used, axial symmetry is restored along the path to fission; an effect that is an artifact of the approximation used.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures
Data-Driven Meets Navigation: Concepts, Models, and Experimental Validation
Creators: name: Klein, Itzik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The purpose of navigation is to determine the position, velocity, and orientation of manned and autonomous platforms, humans, and animals. Obtaining accurate navigation commonly requires fusion between several sensors, such as inertial sensors and global navigation satellite systems, in a model-based, nonlinear estimation framework. Recently, data-driven approaches applied in various fields show state-of-the-art performance, compared to model-based methods. In this paper we review multidisciplinary, data-driven based navigation algorithms developed and experimentally proven at the Autonomous Navigation and Sensor Fusion Lab (ANSFL) including algorithms suitable for human and animal applications, varied autonomous platforms, and multi-purpose navigation and fusion approaches
description: 22 pages, 13 figures
Investigation of a Congenital Defect Problem in Cow-Calf Herds
Creators: name: Ribble, Carl S.
name: Janzen, Eugene D.
Publisher: name: American Association of Bovine Practitioners  Proceedings of the Annual Conference
Year: 1988

description: In March 1985 the manager of the largest cow-calf operation in Prince George, British Columbia presented one of us (CSR) with a disproportionately dwarfed, dead, newborn calf. He stated that he was seeing a disconcerting number of these calves for the second consecutive year and that he would like to know what was causing them. The calves tended to have normal sized bodies but short legs; they tended to be weak at birth; when they could stand they did so on hyperextended pasterns and had trouble ambulating on extremely unstable joints (Figure 1). By the end of the calving season we had seen more than 35 of these calves, most of which were dead or unmarketable.
description: American Association of Bovine Practitioners Proceedings of the Annual Conference, 1988
A posteriori analysis of low-pass spatial filters for approximate deconvolution large eddy simulations of homogeneous incompressible flows
Creators: name: San, Omer
name: Staples, Anne E.
name: Iliescu, Traian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The goal of this paper is twofold: first, it investigates the effect of low-pass spatial filters for approximate deconvolution large eddy simulation (AD-LES) of turbulent incompressible flows. Second, it proposes the hyper-differential filter as a means of increasing the accuracy of the AD-LES model without increasing the computational cost. Box filters, Padé filters, and differential filters with a wide range of parameters are studied in the AD-LES framework. The AD-LES model, in conjunction with these spatial filters, is tested in the numerical simulation of the three-dimensional Taylor-Green vortex problem. The numerical results are benchmarked against direct numerical simulation (DNS) data. An under-resolved numerical simulation is also used for comparison purposes. Four criteria are used to investigate the AD-LES model equipped with these spatial filters: (i) the time series of the volume-averaged enstrophy; (ii) the volume-averaged third-order structure function; (iii) the $L^2$-norm of the velocity and vorticity errors; and (iv) the volume-averaged velocity and vorticity correlation coefficients. According to these criteria, the numerical results yield the following two conclusions: first, the AD-LES model equipped with any of these spatial filters yields accurate results at a fraction of the computational cost of DNS. Second, the most accurate results are obtained with the hyper-differential filter, followed by the differential filter. We demonstrate that the results highly depend on the selection of the filtering procedure. Although a careful parameter choice makes each class of filters used in this study competitive, it seems that filters whose transfer function resembles that of the Fourier cut-off filter (such as the hyper-differential filters) tend to perform best.
Limit Fed Creep Feeds for Nursing Calves
Creators: name: Lusby, Keith S.
Publisher: name: American Association of Bovine Practitioners  Proceedings of the Annual Conference
Year: 1988

description: Before discussing the relatively scarce data concerning the role of limit-fed creep feeds for preconditioning, it is necessary to review the practice of creep feeding and to explain why limit-fed creep feeding has received no much attention in recent years. If the practice of creep feeding itself does not pay, its potential in preconditioning is very limited.
description: American Association of Bovine Practitioners Proceedings of the Annual Conference, 1988
Functional Connectome of the Human Brain with Total Correlation
Creators: name: Li, Qiang
name: Steeg, Greg Ver
name: Yu, Shujian
name: Malo, Jesus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Recent studies proposed the use of Total Correlation to describe functional connectivity among brain regions as a multivariate alternative to conventional pair-wise measures such as correlation or mutual information. In this work we build on this idea to infer a large scale (whole brain) connectivity network based on Total Correlation and show the possibility of using this kind of networks as biomarkers of brain alterations. In particular, this work uses Correlation Explanation (CorEx) to estimate Total Correlation. First, we prove that CorEx estimates of total correlation and clustering results are trustable compared to ground truth values. Second, the inferred large scale connectivity network extracted from the more extensive open fMRI datasets is consistent with existing neuroscience studies but, interestingly, can estimate additional relations beyond pair-wise regions. And finally, we show how the connectivity graphs based on Total Correlation can also be an effective tool to aid in the discovery of brain diseases.
description: 22 pages, 13 figures
Assessing the Value of Preconditioning to Feedlots
Creators: name: Jim, G. K.
name: Gulchon, P. T.
Publisher: name: American Association of Bovine Practitioners  Proceedings of the Annual Conference
Year: 1988

description: Without question, the economics associated with the preconditioning of beef calves is one of the most controversial topics in veterinary medicine and animal science. This paper will be limited to discussing the feedlot viewpoint regarding preconditioned calves. Note that in specific instances this viewpoint will be diametrically opposite to the perspective of the cow/calf producer.
description: American Association of Bovine Practitioners Proceedings of the Annual Conference, 1988
A Fast Transient Backend to Detect FRBs with the Tianlai Dish Pathfinder Array
Creators: name: Yu, Zijie
name: Deng, Furen
name: Sun, Shijie
name: Niu, Chenhui
name: Li, Jixia
name: Wu, Fengquan
name: Wang, Wei-Yang
name: Wang, Yougang
name: Feng, Hui
name: Shu, Lin
name: Hao, Jie
name: Ansari, Reza
name: Stebbins, Albert
name: Chen, Xuelei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Tianlai Dish Pathfinder array is a radio interferometer array consisting of 16 six meter dish antennas. The original digital backend integration time is at the seconds level, designed for HI intensity mapping experiment. A new digital backend with millisecond response is added to enable it to search for fast radio burst (FRB) during its observations. The design and calibration of this backend, and the real time search pipeline for it are described in this paper. It is capable of forming 16 digital beams for each linear polarisation, covering an area of 19.6 square degrees. The search pipeline is capable of searching for, recording and classifying FRBs automatically in real time. In commissioning, we succeeded in capturing the signal pulses from the pulsars PSR B0329+54 and B2021+51.
description: 16 pages, 14 figures, RAA accepted
Preconditioning Programs in the U.S.
Creators: name: Miksch, Duane
Publisher: name: American Association of Bovine Practitioners  Proceedings of the Annual Conference
Year: 1988

description: Preconditioning is far from static in the United States. After 23 years of working with the concept, there are still more questions than answers. Preconditioning is a theoretically sound concept. Testimonials of the benefits abound, especially in the Northern Great Plains and in the Southeast. Nevertheless, many of the claims for preconditioning are not substantiated by controlled research data.
description: American Association of Bovine Practitioners Proceedings of the Annual Conference, 1988
Art Cart: Saving the Legacy (2011)
Creators: name: Teachers College. Research Center For Arts And Culture
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2011
Subjects: Arts

description: The ART CART documentary offers a unique look at a population that has implications for us all. Artists are in many respects models for society, maintaining strong social networks and astonishing resilience as they age. Most visual artists never retire and, therefore, remain very productive throughout their entire lives.
Preconditioning Programs In Canada
Creators: name: Church, Terry L.
Publisher: name: American Association of Bovine Practitioners  Proceedings of the Annual Conference
Year: 1988

description: Preconditioning has been a controversial issue since it was conceived about 25 years ago. While most agree that adequate preparation of calves to withstand the stresses of marketing is desirable, many veterinarians, cow-calf producers and feedlot operators remain sceptical that preconditioning adequately addresses this need. Both industry participants and observers have been frustrated by the lack of documented evidence that the concept is or is not beneficial. Recently, preconditioning has been criticized by several authors, mainly in the public press in the United States.
description: American Association of Bovine Practitioners Proceedings of the Annual Conference, 1988
Practical Colostrum Evaluation
Creators: name: McGuirk, Sheila M.
Publisher: name: American Association of Bovine Practitioners  Proceedings of the Annual Conference
Year: 1988

description: Provision of high quality colostrum is an essential feature of a successful calf rearing program, providing immunoglobulins, non-antibody immune factors, protein, energy, fat, vitamins and minerals. A successful colostrum feeding program reduces calf mortality to less than 5%, improves resistance to enteric disease and promotes weight gain the first four days of life. Careful evaluation of several important aspects of a colostrum feeding program is essential when these goals are to be achieved.
description: American Association of Bovine Practitioners Proceedings of the Annual Conference, 1988
title: An introvert in the midst: a poetic self-study of the lived experiences and challenges of an introverted teacher
Creators: name: Crowley, Joe
Publisher: name: Memorial University of Newfoundland
Year: 2022

description: This research represents a highly personalized account of the complexities, interpretations, and reflections on the experiences and challenges faced by an introverted teacher in the workplace. Positioning myself as both the subject and the researcher in the social context of a middle school setting propelled this self-study of my experiences as a teacher in the Avalon Region of Newfoundland and Labrador (NL). Through an insider’s vantage point, I have chronicled and traced my own experience using a combination of qualitative methodologies: autoethnography and poetic inquiry. These genres of qualitative research, complemented by a phenomenological lens, bring the reader closer to the lived experience of the author. This study supports the notion that poetic inquiry, critical reflection, and personality investigation can prove to be valuable tools for empowering teachers and helping to improve their understanding of self, their professional practice, and their relationship with their students. Using self-study to explore my experiences with introversion helped to unfetter my own unique voice and convey personal thoughts and emotions that led to findings that contribute to the knowledge base of the introverted experience as a sociological phenomenon.
Practical Water Evaluation for Dairy Cattle
Creators: name: Rodenburg, Jack
Publisher: name: American Association of Bovine Practitioners  Proceedings of the Annual Conference
Year: 1988

description: Water is an essential component of the ration of all types of livestock. While most dairy farms have an ample supply of good quality water, bacterial contamination, high levels of dissolved minerals, or physical factors which restrict intake can cause health problems and reduce milk production. Water consumption of cattle varies with body size, level of milk production, ambient temperature and intake of dry matter, protein salt and other minerals.
description: American Association of Bovine Practitioners Proceedings of the Annual Conference, 1988
Relativistic Signatures of Flux Eruption Events Near Black Holes
Creators: name: Gelles, Zachary
name: Chatterjee, Koushik
name: Johnson, Michael
name: Ripperda, Bart
name: Liska, Matthew
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Images of supermassive black holes produced using very long baseline interferometry provide a pathway to directly observing effects of a highly curved spacetime, such as a bright ``photon ring'' that arises from strongly lensed emission. In addition, the emission near supermassive black holes is highly variable, with bright high-energy flares regularly observed. We demonstrate that intrinsic variability can introduce prominent associated changes in the relative brightness of the photon ring. We analyze both semianalytic toy models and GRMHD simulations with magnetic flux eruption events, showing that they each exhibit a characteristic ``loop'' in the space of relative photon ring brightness versus total flux density. For black holes viewed at high inclination, the relative photon ring brightness can change by an order of magnitude, even with variations in total flux density that are comparatively mild. We show that gravitational lensing, Doppler boosting, and magnetic field structure all significantly affect this feature, and we discuss the prospects for observing it in observations of M87* and Sgr A* with the next-generation Event Horizon Telescope.
description: Accepted in Galaxies
Practical Forage Evaluation
Creators: name: Chase, L. E.
Publisher: name: American Association of Bovine Practitioners  Proceedings of the Annual Conference
Year: 1988

description: Forages provide the foundation upon which productive and economical dairy rations are built. However, there are a variety of forage types, harvesting, storage and feeding systems utilized on dairy farms. A key component in the evaluation of a feeding program is an index of forage "quality." The term quality covers a broad spectrum of characteristics including visual appraisal, smell and chemical characteristics. All of these must be integrated into an overall framework to determine whether or not the forage is of acceptable quality and palatability to support the desired levels of productivity.
description: American Association of Bovine Practitioners Proceedings of the Annual Conference, 1988
A diversity of dusty AGN tori: Data release for the VLTI/MIDI AGN Large Program and first results for 23 galaxies
Creators: name: Burtscher, Leonard
name: Meisenheimer, Klaus
name: Tristram, Konrad R. W.
name: Jaffe, Walter
name: Hönig, Sebastian F.
name: Davies, Richard I.
name: Kishimoto, Makoto
name: Pott, Jörg-Uwe
name: Röttgering, Huub
name: Schartmann, Marc
name: Weigelt, Gerd
name: Wolf, Sebastian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The AGN-heated dust distribution (the "torus") is increasingly recognized not only as the absorber required in unifying models, but as a tracer for the reservoir that feeds the nuclear Super-Massive Black Hole. Yet, even its most basic structural properties (such as its extent, geometry and elongation) are unknown for all but a few archetypal objects. Since most AGNs are unresolved in the mid-infrared, we utilize the MID-infrared interferometric Instrument (MIDI) at the Very Large Telescope Interferometer (VLTI) that is sensitive to structures as small as a few milli-arcseconds (mas). We present here an extensive amount of new interferometric observations from the MIDI AGN Large Program (2009 - 2011) and add data from the archive to give a complete view of the existing MIDI observations of AGNs. Additionally, we have obtained high-quality mid-infrared spectra from VLT/VISIR. We present correlated and total flux spectra for 23 AGNs and derive flux and size estimates at 12 micron using simple axisymmetric geometrical models. Perhaps the most surprising result is the relatively high level of unresolved flux and its large scatter: The median "point source fraction" is 70 % for type 1 and 47 % for type 2 AGNs meaning that a large part of the flux is concentrated on scales smaller than about 5 mas (0.1 - 10 pc). Among sources observed with similar spatial resolution, it varies from 20 % - 100 %. For 18 of the sources, two nuclear components can be distinguished in the radial fits. While these models provide good fits to all but the brightest sources, significant elongations are detected in eight sources. The half-light radii of the fainter sources are smaller than expected from the size ~ L^0.5 scaling of the bright sources and show a large scatter, especially when compared to the relatively tight size--luminosity relation in the near-infrared.
description: A&A in press; 93 pages, 63 figures, 39 tables; data available only via CDS
Uniform upper bound for the number of limit cycles of planar piecewise linear differential systems with two zones separated by a straight line
Creators: name: Carmona, Victoriano
name: Fernández-Sánchez, Fernando
name: Novaes, Douglas D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 34A26, 34A36, 34C25

description: The existence of a uniform upper bound for the maximum number of limit cycles of planar piecewise linear differential systems with two zones separated by a straight line has been subject of interest of hundreds of papers. After more than 30 years of investigation since Lum-Chua's work, it has remained an open question whether this uniform upper bound exists or not. Here, we give a positive answer for this question by establishing the existence of a natural number $L^*\leq 8$ for which any planar piecewise linear differential system with two zones separated by a straight line has no more than $L^*$ limit cycles. The proof is obtained by combining a newly developed integral characterization of Poincaré half-maps for linear differential systems with an extension of Khovanski\uı's theory for investigating the number of intersection points between smooth curves and a particular kind of orbits of vector fields.
Multi-field Conformal Cosmological Attractors
Creators: name: Kallosh, Renata
name: Linde, Andrei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe a broad class of multi-field inflationary models with spontaneously broken conformal invariance. It generalizes the recently discovered class of cosmological attractors with a single inflaton field. In the new multi-field theories, just as in the previously studied single-field models, the moduli space has a boundary (Kahler cone) in terms of the original homogeneous conformal variables. Upon spontaneous breaking of the conformal invariance and switching to the Einstein frame, this boundary moves to infinity in terms of the canonically normalized inflaton field. This results in the exponential stretching and flattening of scalar potentials in the vicinity of the boundary of the moduli space, which makes even very steep potentials perfectly suitable for the slow-roll inflation. These theories, just like their single-field versions, typically lead to inflationary perturbations with n_s =1-2/N and r = 12/N^2, where N is the number of e-foldings.
description: 17 pages, 10 figures
A stabilized proper orthogonal decomposition reduced-order model for large scale quasigeostrophic ocean circulation
Creators: name: San, Omer
name: Iliescu, Traian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, a stabilized proper orthogonal decomposition (POD) reduced-order model (ROM) is presented for the barotropic vorticity equation. We apply the POD-ROM model to mid-latitude simplified oceanic basins, which are standard prototypes of more realistic large-scale ocean dynamics. A mode dependent eddy viscosity closure scheme is used to model the effects of the discarded POD modes. A sensitivity analysis with respect to the free eddy viscosity stabilization parameter is performed for various POD-ROMs with different numbers of POD modes. The POD-ROM results are validated against the Munk layer resolving direct numerical simulations using a fully conservative fourth-order Arakawa scheme. A comparison with the standard Galerkin POD-ROM without any stabilization is also included in our investigation. Significant improvements in the accuracy over the standard Galerkin model are shown for a four-gyre ocean circulation problem. This first step in the numerical assessment of the POD-ROM shows that it could represent a computationally efficient tool for large scale oceanic simulations over long time intervals.
Planar Thermal Hall Effects in Kitaev Spin Liquid Candidate Na2Co2TeO6
Creators: name: Takeda, Hikaru
name: Mai, Jiancong
name: Akazawa, Masatoshi
name: Tamura, Kyo
name: Yan, Jian
name: Moovendaran, Kalimuthu
name: Raju, Kalaivanan
name: Sankar, Raman
name: Choi, Kwang-Yong
name: Yamashita, Minoru
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate both the longitudinal thermal conductivity ($κ_{xx}$) and the planar thermal Hall conductivity ($κ_{xy}$) in the Kitaev spin liquid candidate of Co-based honeycomb antiferromagnet Na$_2$Co$_2$TeO$_6$ in a magnetic field ($B$) applied along the $a$ and $a^*$ axes. A finite $κ_{xy}$ is resolved for both field directions in the antiferromagnetic (AFM) phase below the Néel temperature of 27 K. The temperature dependence of $κ_{xy}/T$ shows the emergence of topological bosonic excitations. In addition, the field dependence of $κ_{xy}$ shows sign reversals at the critical fields in the AFM phase, suggesting the changes in the Chern number distribution of the topological magnons. Remarkably, a finite $κ_{xy}$ is observed in $B \parallel a^*$ between the first-order transition field in the AFM phase and the saturation field, which is prohibited in a disordered state by the two-fold rotation symmetry around the $a^*$ axis of the honeycomb lattice, showing the presence of a magnetically ordered state that breaks the two-fold rotation symmetry. Our results demonstrate the presence of topological magnons in this compound in the whole field range below the saturation field.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures, and Supplementary Materials. To appear in Phys. Rev. Research