Burmeistera rivina E. Wimm., Repert. 2023, Spec. Nov.
Creators: name: González, Favio
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Asterales
Campanulaceae
Burmeistera
Burmeistera rivina

description: 45. Burmeistera rivina E.Wimm., Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 38: 4. 1935.   
 Type:— COLOMBIA. Risaralda: Río San Rafael, Cerro Tatamá, 2500‒2800 m, 7–11 Sep 1922 (fl), F. Pennell 10421 (lectotype NY! [NY00468006], designated by González & Garzón (2015: 258); isolectotypes: GH! [GH00033003], PH! [PH00010886]). Figs. 21H–K, 23.   
 Burmeistera ceratocarpa var. dentata E.Wimm., Pflanzenr. IV. 276b: 154. 1943. Type:— COLOMBIA. Caldas /Risaralda: Río San Rafael, Cerro Tatamá, 2500‒2800 m, 7–11 Sep 1922 (fl), F. Pennell 10421 (holotype: NY! [NY00468006]; isotypes: GH! [GH00033003], PH! [PH00010886]).   
Terrestrial or epiphytic herbs up to 1.2 m tall. Young stems finely puberulous, later glabrescent. Petiole 0.8–2.0 cm long, glabrous; blade ovate to elliptic, rarely oblong, proximal blades 7.0–10.0 (–14.5) × 3–5 (–6) cm, distal blades 3–5 × 1.5–3.0 cm, glabrous above, glabrescent to densely puberulous especially along the veins beneath, base rounded, truncate to shortly cuneate, slightly asymmetric, apex acuminate to cuspidate, margin crenate, with short, triangular, obtuse teeth, rarely subentire, hydathodes extramarginal, 2 to 3 per centimeter, secondary veins 6 to 11 per side, intramarginal vein lacking. Peduncle 6–12 cm long, glabrous, ebracteolate. Hypanthium subglobose, 6–8 mm long, glabrous. Calyx lobes linear, 11–16 × 1–3 mm, strongly reflexed, glabrous, basally spaced by sinuses up to 1 mm wide, margin slightly toothed, apex obtuse. Corolla uniformly green or green with pale yellow, sometimes pink at its base and its inner surface, glabrous; tube 1.5–1.7 cm long, ca. 3 mm diameter at its mid-level, slightly inflated proximally and distally; lobes ovate, falcate, apex acute to obtuse, dorsal lobes 8–10 × 3.0– 4.5 mm, lateral lobes 5–6 × 2–3 mm, ventral lobe 4–5 × 3.0– 3.5 mm. Synandrium 2.1–2.6 cm long, exserted up to 2 cm; filament tube 1.6–2.0 cm long, puberulous; anther tube 5–6 mm long, apex evenly villous, ventral anthers barbate in preanthesis, later ebarbate. Berries globose, 1.0‒1.1 × 0.9‒1.1 cm, not inflated, glabrous, green to purple.  
 Phenology: — Burmeistera rivina sets flowers and fruits in January, and from March to November.   
 Distribution, ecology and conservation status: — Burmeistera rivina is restricted to the Western and Central cordilleras and the southern Andean Massif of Colombia. It occurs in the departments of Antioquia, Caldas, Cauca, Chocó, Huila, Nariño, Quindío, Risaralda and Valle del Cauca, in sub-Andean to high-Andean forests and páramos at elevations between 900 and 3100 m. Following the IUCN (2022) Guidelines, this species qualifies for the Near Threatened (NT) category.   
 Notes: — Burmeistera rivina is similar to B. asclepiadea, B. ceratocarpa, B. smaragdi, B. serraniaguae and B. succulenta, from which it differs by the leaf blade lacking of intramarginal vein, and the dorsal lobes of the corolla 8–10 mm long (versus the leaf blade with intramarginal vein, and the dorsal lobes of the corolla 11–25 mm long in the remaining species).   
 Burmeistera ceratocarpa var. dentata was reduced to the synonymy of B. ceratocarpa by Lammers (2007). However, the type specimen falls within the variation of B. rivina; thus, it is here moved to the synonymy of the latter.   
 Additional specimens examined:— Antioquia. Frontino, corregimiento Nutibara, region Murrí, camino hacia La Blanquita, 1440 m, 10 Jul 1986 (fl), P. Acevedo et al. 1199 (HUA); Peque, vereda Toldas, Alto del Poal, 7°3´30´´N, 75°57´W, 2600‒2640 m, 21 Sep 1995 (fl), D. Benítez et al. 155 (JAUM), 156 (JAUM); Peque, vereda Romeral, Alto de La Tumba, 7°1´N, 75°57´W, 2650‒2690 m, 16 Nov 1995 (fl), D. Benítez et al. 432 (JAUM); Urrao, páramo de Frontino, El Río, 3100 m, 11 Sep 1984 (fl, fr), R. Londoño et al. 431 (MEDEL); Frontino, correg. Nutibara, Nutibara-La Blanquita road, region of Murrí, Altos de Cuevas, ca. 6º45´N, 76º20´W, 1700‒1800 m, 19 Apr 1988 (fl), J.L. Luteyn et al. 11990 (HUA, NY); Frontino, corregimiento Nutibara, Nutibara-La Blanquita road, region of Murri, Alto de Cuevas, ca. 6°45´N, 75°20´W, 1700‒1800 m, 19 Apr 1988 (fl), J.L. Luteyn et al. 12067 (HUA); Betulia, Cerro San José, 6°15´N, 76°02´60´´W, 2800 m, 27 Mar 2004 (fl, fr), J. Marrugo et al. 1072 (MEDEL), 1075 (MEDEL); Salgar, Cerro Plateado, 6°01´N, 76°05´W, 2800 m, 1 Apr 2004 (fl), J. Marrugo et al. 1113 (MEDEL); Jericó, vereda Palo Cabildo, Finca La Mama, 5°48´N, 75°47´W, 2100 m, 23 Jul 1992 (fl), D. Sánchez et al. 1794 (MEDEL); Andes, camino desde el filo del embudo al cerro La Banqueta, 5°40´N, 75°53´W, 2100‒2700 m, 15 Mar 1996 (fl), D. Sánchez et al. 2666 (MEDEL). Cauca. Corregimiento de Santa Marta, 1°39´47´´N, 76°14´30´´W, 2170 m, 25 Oct 2013 (fl), D. Cárdenas et al. 43951 (COAH); Santa Rosa, Serranía de Los Churumbelos, Bota Caucana, 11 Aug 1998 (fl), C. González 787 (COL); km 55 of road from Timbío to Veinte de Julio, 2500 m, 14 Oct 1974 (fl, fr), P. Maas et al. 2061 (COL); Santa Rosa, San Juan de Villalobos, Sajonia, 1°28´52.90´´N, 76°24´47.7´´W, 1500 m, 11 Mar 2018 (fl), J. Pino et al. 152 (COL); Santa Rosa, San Juan de Villalobos, Palmeras, 1°30´12.10´´N, 76°21´15.57´´W, 1500 m, 11 Mar 2018 (fl), M. Quilindo et al. 21 (COL). Chocó. Mountain ridge above (W of) El Carmen de Atrato, dividing Río Atrato and Río Habito valleys, c. 5°54´N, 76°09´W, 2200‒2400 m, 30 Jan 1986 (fl, fr), B. Stein et al. 3317 (NY). Huila. Cordillera Central, vertiente oriental, carretera Popayán-Garzón ca. ½ hora en carro al este de Leticia, Finca Meremberg, 7 Jul 1984 (fl), P. Silverstone 1869 (CUVC). Nariño. Ricaurte, entre Arrayán y Las Vegas, 1400 m, 15 Nov 1967 (fl, fr), L. Mora 4107 (COL). [Quindío. “Palmilla” Triana 3069.1/ 88 p. p. (BM)]. Risaralda. Pereira, Parque Regional Ucumarí, entre El Cedral y La Pastora, 2300 m, 14 Jun 1989 (fl, fr), R. Bernal et al. 1640 (COL); Mistrató, corregimiento de Puerto de Oro, vía Pisones-Jeguadas, Río Mistrató, 1400‒1800 m, 20 Sep 1991 (fl), J. Fernández et al. 9115 (COL); Mistrató, ca. 12 km al NE de la cabecera municipal, ca. 1800‒1900 m, 17 Mar 1991 (fl), G. Galeano et al. 2359 (COL); Pereira, Parque Natural Regional Ucumarí, 1850‒2460 m, 11 Jun 1989 (fl, fr), F. González et al. 1537 (COL); Pereira, Parque Regional Ucumarí, 2300 m, 25 May 1994 (fl, fr), C. Murcia UMK-181 (HUA); “Río San Rafael in silva infra Cerro Tatama 2500‒2800 m ”, 7–11 Sep 1922 (fl), F. Pennell 10323 (GH, NY); Marsella, corregimiento La Nona, Convención, Reserva La Nona, 1700‒2000 m, 12–17 Mar 1999 (fl, fr), W. Vargas 5654 (HUA). Valle del Cauca. El Cairo, Cerro del Inglés, 2000 m, 28 May 2008 (fl, fr), J. Garzón et al. 450 (COL), 452 (COL).
description: Published as part of González, Favio, 2023, Taxonomic revision of Burmeistera (Campanulaceae-Lobelioideae) in Colombia, pp. 1-113 in Phytotaxa 615 (1) on page 81, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.615.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/8389205