cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Adaptive Kernel Density Estimation proposal in gravitational wave data analysis
Creators: name: Falxa, Mikel
name: Babak, Stanislav
name: Jeune, Maude Le
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Markov Chain Monte Carlo approach is frequently used within Bayesian framework to sample the target posterior distribution. Its efficiency strongly depends on the proposal used to build the chain. The best jump proposal is the one that closely resembles the unknown target distribution, therefore we suggest an adaptive proposal based on Kernel Density Estimation (KDE). We group parameters of the model according to their correlation and build KDE based on the already accepted points for each group. We adapt the KDE-based proposal until it stabilizes. We argue that such a proposal could be helpful in applications where the data volume is increasing and in the hyper-model sampling. We tested it on several astrophysical datasets (IPTA and LISA) and have shown that in some cases KDE-based proposal also helps to reduce the autocorrelation length of the chains. The efficiency of this proposal is reduces in case of the strong correlations between a large group of parameters.
description: 12 pages, 11 figures
Mordell-Weil lattices and toric decompositions of plane curves
Creators: name: Kloosterman, Remke
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We extend results of Cogolludo-Agustin and Libgober relating the Alexander polynomial of a plane curve $C$ with the Mordell--Weil rank of certain isotrivial families of jacobians over $\mathbf{P}^2$ of discriminant $C$. In the second part we introduce a height pairing on the $(2,3,6)$ quasi-toric decompositions of a plane curve. We use this pairing and the results in the first part of the paper to construct a pair of degree 12 curves with 30 cusps and Alexander polynomial $t^2-t+1$, but with distinct height pairing. We use the height pairing to show that these curves from a Zariski pair.
Additional file 2 of Self-perceived barriers to healthcare access for patients with post COVID-19 condition
Creators: name: Brus, Iris M.
name: Spronk, Inge
name: Polinder, Suzanne
name: Loohuis, Alfons G. M. Olde
name: Tieleman, Peter
name: Heemskerk, Stella C. M.
name: Biere-Rafi, Sara
name: Haagsma, Juanita A.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Science Policy
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Mental Health

description: Supplementary Material 2.
title: Gemischt epithelial-mesenchymaler Nierentumor – ein Fallbericht
Creators: name: Kirkaite, Agne
name: Hanschke, Stephan Wolfgang
name: Truß, Michael C.
name: Lorenzen, Johann
Publisher: name: German Medical Science GMS Publishing House
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 610 Medical sciences; Medicine

description: Einleitung: Ein gemischt epithelial-mesenchymaler Nierentumor ist eine Rarität. Er wurde zuerst definiert durch Michals und Syrucek im Jahr 1998. Bisher wurde diese Entität ca. 220-mal beschrieben. Wir berichten über einen weiteren Fall. Kasuistik: Eine 59-jährige Patientin mit[zum vollständigen Text gelangen Sie über die oben angegebene URL]
description: 65. Kongress der Nordrhein-Westfälischen Gesellschaft für Urologie
title: Die Bedeutung von mitochondrialen PIWI-interacting RNAs als Biomarker für das klarzellige Nierenzellkarzinom
Creators: name: Ellinger, Jörg
name: Zhao, Chenming
name: Tolkach, Yuri
name: Schmidt, Doris
name: Toma, Marieta
name: Muders, Michael
name: Kristiansen, Glen
name: Müller, Stefan C.
Publisher: name: German Medical Science GMS Publishing House
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 610 Medical sciences; Medicine

description: Einleitung: Nicht-kodierende RNA Moleküle spielen eine wichtige Rolle in der Karzinogese vieler Malignome. Kürzlich wurde eine Dysregulation von PIWI-interacting RNAs (piRNAs) im Tumorgewebe beschrieben. Ziel dieser Studie ist die Untersuchung von mitochondrialen piRNAs (piR-34536 und piR-51810)[zum vollständigen Text gelangen Sie über die oben angegebene URL]
description: 65. Kongress der Nordrhein-Westfälischen Gesellschaft für Urologie
title: Effektivität von Cabozantinib nach Hyperprogression unter Anti-PD-1 Therapie beim metastasierten Nierenzellkarzinom – eine Fallserie von 6 Patienten
Creators: name: Schlack, Katrin
name: Krabbe, Laura-Maria
name: Schrader, Andres Jan
name: Wennmann, Yvonne
name: Bögemann, Martin
Publisher: name: German Medical Science GMS Publishing House
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 610 Medical sciences; Medicine

description: Einleitung: Nivolumab (N) verlängert das Gesamtüberleben von Patienten mit metastasiertem Nierenzellkarzinom (mRCC). Selbiges wurde für Cabozantinib (C), einem Tyrosinkinase Inhibitor (TKI) spezifisch für VEGFR, MET und AXL gezeigt. Unter N, erleiden etwa 9% der Patienten eine[zum vollständigen Text gelangen Sie über die oben angegebene URL]
description: 65. Kongress der Nordrhein-Westfälischen Gesellschaft für Urologie
Denitrification potential of the eastern oyster microbiome using a 16S rRNA gene based metabolic inference approach
Creators: name: Song, Bongkeun
name: Bowman, Jeff S.
name: Piehler, Michael
name: Arfken, Ann
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: The eastern oyster (Crassostrea virginica) is a foundation species providing significant ecosystem services. However, the roles of oyster microbiomes have not been integrated into any of the services, particularly nitrogen removal through denitrification. We investigated the composition and denitrification potential of oyster microbiomes with an approach that combined 16S rRNA gene analysis, metabolic inference, qPCR of the nitrous oxide reductase gene (nosZ), and N2 flux measurements. Microbiomes of the oyster digestive gland, the oyster shell, and sediments adjacent to the oyster reef were examined based on next generation sequencing (NGS) of 16S rRNA gene amplicons. Denitrification potentials of the microbiomes were determined by metabolic inferences using a customized denitrification gene and genome database with the paprica (PAthway PRediction by phylogenetIC plAcement) bioinformatics pipeline. Denitrification genes examined included nitrite reductase (nirS and nirK) and nitrous oxide reductase (nosZ), which was further subdivided by genotype into clade I (nosZI) or clade II (nosZII). Continuous flow through experiments measuring N2 fluxes were conducted with the oysters, shells, and sediments to compare denitrification activities. Paprica properly classified the composition of microbiomes, showing similar classification results from Silva, Greengenes and RDP databases. Microbiomes of the oyster digestive glands and shells were quite different from each other and from the sediments. The relative abundance of denitrifying bacteria inferred by paprica was higher in oysters and shells than in sediments suggesting that oysters act as hotspots for denitrification in the marine environment. Similarly, the inferred nosZI gene abundances were also higher in the oyster and shell microbiomes than in the sediment microbiome. Gene abundances for nosZI were verified with qPCR of nosZI genes, which showed a significant positive correlation (F1,7 = 14.7, p = 6.0x10-3, R2 = 0.68). N2 flux rates were significantly higher in the oyster (364.4 ± 23.5 μmol N-N2 m-2 h-1) and oyster shell (355.3 ± 6.4 μmol N-N2 m-2 h-1) compared to the sediment (270.5 ± 20.1 μmol N-N2 m-2 h-1). Thus, bacteria carrying nosZI genes were found to be an important denitrifier, facilitating nitrogen removal in oyster reefs. In addition, this is the first study to validate the use of 16S gene based metabolic inference as a method for determining microbiome function, such as denitrification, by comparing inference results with qPCR gene quantification and rate measurements.
title: Downstream neighbor of SON (DONSON) als ein starker Prädiktor für schlechtes Überleben im klarzelligen Nierenzellkarzinom
Creators: name: Klümper, Niklas
name: Schmidt, Doris
name: Kristiansen, Glen
name: Müller, Stefan C.
name: Ellinger, Jörg
Publisher: name: German Medical Science GMS Publishing House
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 610 Medical sciences; Medicine

description: Einleitung: Das Nierenzellkarzinom (RCC) gehört mit einer steigenden Inzidenz weltweit zu den häufigsten Ursachen für krebsspezifische Mortalität. The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) ist eine breit angewandte Plattform zur Identifizierung vielversprechender Zielgene für die Krebsforschung.[zum vollständigen Text gelangen Sie über die oben angegebene URL]
description: 65. Kongress der Nordrhein-Westfälischen Gesellschaft für Urologie
Effect of Charge-neutrality Breaking on Localized Terahertz Waves in a Plate of Layered Superconductor
Creators: name: Kvitka, Nina
name: Apostolov, Stanislav
name: Yampol'skii, Valery
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study analytically the effect of charge-neutrality breaking on the spectrum of localized Josephson plasma waves (JPWs) in a plate of layered superconductor of finite thickness for the case of layers parallel to the interface. This effect results in the appearance of additional eigenmodes with anomalous dispersion and an additional forbidden region in the spectrum of localized modes near the Josephson plasma frequency. We consider both the surface and waveguide eigenmodes with symmetric and anti-symmetric field distribution with respect to the middle plane of the superconducting plate.
Piston problem to the isentropic Euler equations for modified Chaplygin gas
Creators: name: Huang, Meixiang
name: Wang, Yuanjin
name: Shao, Zhiqiang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper, we solve constructively the piston problem for one-dimensional isentropic Euler equations of modified Chaplygin gas. In solutions, we prove rigorously the global existence and uniqueness of a shock wave separating constant states ahead of the piston when the piston pushed forward into the gas. It is quite different from the results of Chaplygin gas or generalized Chaplygin gas in which a Radon measure solution is constructed to deal with concentration of mass on the piston. When the piston pulled back from the gas, we strictly confirm only the first family rarefaction wave exists in front of the piston and the concentration will never occur. In addition, by studying the limiting behavior, we show that the piston solutions of modified Chaplygin gas equations tend to the piston solutions of generalized or pure Chaplygin gas equations as a single parameter of pressure state function vanishes.
description: 15 pages
Colonization and Collapse
Creators: name: Machado, Fábio Prates
name: Roldán-Correa, Alejandro
name: Schinazi, Rinaldo B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60K35, 60G50

description: Many species live in colonies that thrive for a while and then collapse. Upon collapse very few individuals survive. The survivors start new colonies at other sites that thrive until they collapse, and so on. We introduce spatial and non-spatial stochastic processes for modeling such population dynamic. Besides testing whether dispersion helps survival in a model experiencing large fluctuations, we obtain conditions for the population to get extinct or to survive.
description: 16 pages, 1 figure
Ferrochiral, antiferrochiral, and ferrichiral skyrmion crystals in an itinerant honeycomb magnet
Creators: name: Yambe, Ryota
name: Hayami, Satoru
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Topological spin textures, such as a skyrmion crystal, are a source of unusual physical phenomena owing to the interplay between magnetism and topology. Since physical phenomena depend on the topological property and the symmetry of underlying spin structures, the search for new topological spin textures and emergent phenomena is one of the challenges in condensed matter physics. In this letter, we theoretically explore new topological spin textures arising from the synergy between spin, charge, and sublattice degrees of freedom in an itinerant magnet. By performing simulated annealing for an effective spin model of the honeycomb Kondo lattice model, we find a plethora of skyrmion crystal instabilities at low temperatures, whose topological spin textures are classified into three types: ferrochiral, antiferrochiral, and ferrichiral skyrmion crystals. We show that the obtained skyrmion crystals are the consequence of the spin-orbit-coupling-free honeycomb structure. Our results reveal the potential for itinerant honeycomb magnets to host a wide variety of SkXs and emergent phenomena.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures, 1 table
Depletion of enteric bacteria diminishes leukocyte infiltration following doxorubicin-induced small intestinal damage in mice
Creators: name: Dekaney, Christopher M.
name: Carr, Jacquelyn S.
name: King, Stephanie
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: While enteric bacteria have been shown to play a critical role in other forms of intestinal damage, their role in mediating the response to the chemotherapeutic drug Doxorubicin (Doxo) is unclear. In this study, we used a mouse model of intestinal bacterial depletion to evaluate the role enteric bacteria play in mediating Doxo-induced small intestinal damage and, more specifically, in mediating chemokine expression and leukocyte infiltration following Doxo treatment. An understanding of this pathway may allow for development of intervention strategies to reduce chemotherapy-induced small intestinal damage.
Additional file 3 of Regulatory T cells limit age-associated retinal inflammation and neurodegeneration
Creators: name: Llorián-Salvador, María
name: de la Fuente, Alerie G.
name: McMurran, Christopher E.
name: Dashwood, Amy
name: Dooley, James
name: Liston, Adrian
name: Penalva, Rosana
name: Dombrowski, Yvonne
name: Stitt, Alan W.
name: Fitzgerald, Denise C.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Developmental Biology

description: Additional file 3. Fig. 3 Analysis of microglia morphology, distribution, and phenotype. A Quantification of IBA-1+ microglia in the different layers of the neuroretina. B Quantification of total, ramified, and ameboid microglia in the whole neuroretina of young and aged control and Treg depleted mice as well as aged-reconstituted mice. C Sholl analysis quantifying microglial branching as a function of the distance to the cell body. D, E Determination of IBA-1+MHCII+ cells in the neuroretina in aged mice. Representative image (D) (scale bar = 50 µm) and quantification of IBA-1+MHCII+ microglia in the neuroretina of aged control, Treg depleted and reconstituted mice (E). F, G Identification of IBA-1+Tmem119+ microglia in the neuroretina of young and aged mice. Representative image (F) (scale bar = 50µm) and quantification of IBA-1+Tmem119+ microglia in the neuroretina of young control, young Treg depleted, aged control, aged Treg depleted and aged reconstituted mice (G). Data information: A-B n = 3-6 mice, C n = 4-5 mice per group 10-20 cell per mouse analysed, D-E n = 4-7 mice, F-G n = 3-4 mice, data presented as mean ± s.e.m. *P < 0.05; ** P < 0.01; ***P < 0.001; 1-way ANOVA followed by Bonferroni's multiple comparisons test for all analysis except for C, which was analysed using two-way ANOVA.
title: Nicht-invasive Urinmarker zur Unterscheidung zwischen RCCs und Onkozytomen
Creators: name: von Brandenstein, Melanie
name: Funke, Timo
name: Köditz, Barbara
name: Eich, Caroline
name: Cakir, Sibel
name: Heidenreich, Axel
name: Fries, Jochen
Publisher: name: German Medical Science GMS Publishing House
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 610 Medical sciences; Medicine

description: Einleitung: Vim3 ist eine verkürzte Variante von Vimentin und kann als Differenzierungsmarker von Onkozytomen genutzt werden. Normalerweise wird Vim3 in Zellen mit einem erhöhten Metastasierungspotential überexprimiert. Durch bisher unveröffentlichte Daten wissen wir jedoch, dass[zum vollständigen Text gelangen Sie über die oben angegebene URL]
description: 65. Kongress der Nordrhein-Westfälischen Gesellschaft für Urologie
Fast learning from label proportions with small bags
Creators: name: Baručić, Denis
name: Kybic, Jan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In learning from label proportions (LLP), the instances are grouped into bags, and the task is to learn an instance classifier given relative class proportions in training bags. LLP is useful when obtaining individual instance labels is impossible or costly. In this work, we focus on the case of small bags, which allows to design an algorithm that explicitly considers all consistent instance label combinations. In particular, we propose an EM algorithm alternating between optimizing a general neural network instance classifier and incorporating bag-level annotations. Using two different image datasets, we experimentally compare this method with an approach based on normal approximation and two existing LLP methods. The results show that our approach converges faster to a comparable or better solution.
description: Accepted to ICIP 2022
General limitations on trajectories suitable for super-Penrose process
Creators: name: Zaslavskii, O. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Collisions of particles near a rotating black hole can lead to unbound energies $E_{c.m.}$ in their centre of mass frame. There are indications that the Killing energy of debris at infinity can also be unbound for some scenarios of collisions near the extremal black hole horizon (so-called super-Penrose process). They include participation of a particle that (i) has generic (not fine-tuned) parameters and (ii) moves away from a black hole before collision. We show that for any finite particle's mass, such a particle cannot be obtained as a result of the preceding collision. However, this can be done if one of initial infalling particles has the mass of the order $N^{-2}$ that generalizes previous observations made in literature for radial infall in the Kerr background.
description: 10 pages. Presentation made more accurate. To appear in EPL
Higher order quantization conditions for two spinless particles
Creators: name: Lee, Frank X.
name: Alexandru, Andrei
name: Brett, Ruairí
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Lattice QCD calculations of scattering phaseshifts and resonance parameters in the two-body sector are becoming precision studies. Early calculations employed Lüscher's formula for extracting these quantities at lowest order. As the calculations become more ambitious, higher-order relations are required. In this study we derive higher-order quantization conditions and introduce a method to transparently cross-check our results. This is an important step given the involved derivations of these formulae. We derive quantization conditions up to $\ell=5$ partial waves in both cubic and elongated geometries, and for states with zero and non-zero total momentum. All 45 quantization conditions we include here (22 in cubic box, 23 in elongated box) pass our cross-check test.
description: 10 pages, 3 figures, 1 table, presented at The 38th International Symposium on Lattice Field Theory, LATTICE2021 26th-30th July, 2021 Zoom/Gather@Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Two-Component 3D Atomic Bose-Einstein Condensates Support Complex Stable Patterns
Creators: name: Boullé, N.
name: Newell, I.
name: Farrell, P. E.
name: Kevrekidis, P. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We report the computational discovery of complex, topologically charged, and spectrally stable states in three-dimensional multi-component nonlinear wave systems of nonlinear Schr{ö}dinger type. While our computations relate to two-component atomic Bose-Einstein condensates in parabolic traps, our methods can be broadly applied to high-dimensional, nonlinear systems of partial differential equations. The combination of the so-called deflation technique with a careful selection of initial guesses enables the computation of an unprecedented breadth of patterns, including ones combining vortex lines, rings, stars, and ``vortex labyrinths''. Despite their complexity, they may be dynamically robust and amenable to experimental observation, as confirmed by Bogolyubov-de Gennes spectral analysis and numerical evolution simulations.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures
Additional file 2 of Molecular epidemiology, microbiological features and infection control strategies for carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii in a German burn and plastic surgery center (2020–2022)
Creators: name: Vital, Marius
name: Woltemate, Sabrina
name: Schlüter, Dirk
name: Krezdorn, Nicco
name: Dieck, Thorben
name: Dastagir, Khaled
name: Bange, Franz-Christoph
name: Ebadi, Ella
name: Vogt, Peter M.
name: Knegendorf, Leonard
name: Baier, Claas
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Supplementary Material 2
Differential regulation of innate immune cytokine production through pharmacological activation of Nuclear Factor-Erythroid-2-Related Factor 2 (NRF2) in burn patient immune cells and monocytes
Creators: name: Maile, Robert
name: Stepp, Wesley
name: Sanchez, Yolanda
name: Riley, Caitlin
name: Sjeklocha, Lucas
name: Cairns, Bruce
name: Hong, Zhi
name: Knowlin, Laquanda
name: Van Duin, David
name: Callahan, James
name: Gough, Peter
name: Long, Clayton
name: Berger, Scott
name: Eitas, Timothy K.
name: Jones, Samuel
name: Ortiz-Pujols, Shiara
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: Burn patients suffer from immunological dysfunction for which there are currently no successful interventions. Similar to previous observations, we find that burn shock patients (≥15% Total Burn Surface Area (TBSA) injury) have elevated levels of the innate immune cytokines Interleukin-6 (IL-6) and Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein-1 (MCP-1)/CC-motif Chemokine Ligand 2(CCL2) early after hospital admission (0–48 Hours Post-hospital Admission (HPA). Functional immune assays with patient Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells (PBMCs) revealed that burn shock patients (≥15% TBSA) produced elevated levels of MCP-1/CCL2 after innate immune stimulation ex vivo relative to mild burn patients. Interestingly, treatment of patient PBMCs with the Nuclear Factor-Erythroid-2-Related Factor 2 (NRF2) agonist, CDDO-Me(bardoxolone methyl), reduced MCP-1 production but not IL-6 or Interleukin-10 (IL-10) secretion. In enriched monocytes from healthy donors, CDDO-Me(bardoxolone methyl) also reduced LPS-induced MCP1/CCL2 production but did not alter IL-6 or IL-10 secretion. Similar immunomodulatory effects were observed with Compound 7, which activates the NRF2 pathway through a different and non-covalent Mechanism Of Action (MOA). Hence, our findings with CDDO-Me(bardoxolone methyl) and Compound 7 are likely to reflect a generalizable aspect of NRF2 activation. These observed effects were not specific to LPS-induced immune responses, as NRF2 activation also reduced MCP-1/CCL2 production after stimulation with IL-6. Pharmacological NRF2 activation reduced Mcp-1/Ccl2 transcript accumulation without inhibiting either Il-6 or Il-10 transcript levels. Hence, we describe a novel aspect of NRF2 activation that may contribute to the beneficial effects of NRF2 agonists during disease. Our work also demonstrates that the NRF2 pathway is retained and can be modulated to regulate important immunomodulatory functions in burn patient immune cells.
ปัจจัยที่มีอิทธิพลต่อความตั้งใจในการกลับมาใช้ซ้ำและความตั้งใจในการบอกต่อคราวด์ซอร์สซิ่งที่มีการผสมผสานเกม
Creators: name: ปาลิณี ตีรบุลกุล
Publisher: name: Siam Technology College,Bangkok,Thailand
Year: 2018
Subjects: คราวด์ซอร์สซิ่ง การผสมผสานแนวคิดเกม โมเดลการยอมรับเทคโนโลยี

description: วารสารนวัตกรรมและเทคโนโลยีการเรียนรู้วิทยาลัยเทคโนโลยีสยาม, 1, 2, 47
Internal Language Model Adaptation with Text-Only Data for End-to-End Speech Recognition
Creators: name: Meng, Zhong
name: Gaur, Yashesh
name: Kanda, Naoyuki
name: Li, Jinyu
name: Chen, Xie
name: Wu, Yu
name: Gong, Yifan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Sound (cs.SD)
subject: Audio and Speech Processing (eess.AS)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Text-only adaptation of an end-to-end (E2E) model remains a challenging task for automatic speech recognition (ASR). Language model (LM) fusion-based approaches require an additional external LM during inference, significantly increasing the computation cost. To overcome this, we propose an internal LM adaptation (ILMA) of the E2E model using text-only data. Trained with audio-transcript pairs, an E2E model implicitly learns an internal LM that characterizes the token sequence probability which is approximated by the E2E model output after zeroing out the encoder contribution. During ILMA, we fine-tune the internal LM, i.e., the E2E components excluding the encoder, to minimize a cross-entropy loss. To make ILMA effective, it is essential to train the E2E model with an internal LM loss besides the standard E2E loss. Furthermore, we propose to regularize ILMA by minimizing the Kullback-Leibler divergence between the output distributions of the adapted and unadapted internal LMs. ILMA is the most effective when we update only the last linear layer of the joint network. ILMA enables a fast text-only adaptation of the E2E model without increasing the run-time computational cost. Experimented with 30K-hour trained transformer transducer models, ILMA achieves up to 34.9% relative word error rate reduction from the unadapted baseline.
description: 5 pages, in Interspeech 2022
Effect of the growth temperature and the AlN mole fraction on In incorporation and properties of quaternary III-nitride layers grown by molecular beam epitaxy
Creators: name: Fernández-Garrido, S.
name: Redondo-Cubero, A.
name: Gago, R.
name: Bertram, F.
name: Christen, J.
name: Luna, E.
name: Trampert, A.
name: Pereiro, J.
name: Muñoz, E.
name: Calleja, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Indium incorporation into wurtzite (0001)-oriented In$_{x}$Al$_{y}$Ga$_{1-x-y}$N layers grown by plasma-assisted molecular beam epitaxy was studied as a function of the growth temperature (565-635 $^{\circ}$C) and the AlN mole fraction (0.01 < y < 0.27). The layer stoichiometry was determined by Rutherford backscattering spectrometry (RBS). RBS shows that Indium incorporation decreased continuously with increasing growth temperature due to thermally enhanced dissociation of In-N bonds and for increasing AlN mole fractions. High resolution x-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) measurements did not show evidence of phase separation. The mosaicity of the quaternary layers was found to be mainly determined by the growth temperature and independent on alloy composition within the range studied. However, depending on the AlN mole fraction, nanometer-sized composition fluctuations were detected by TEM. Photoluminescence spectra showed a single broad emission at room temperature, with energy and bandwidth S- and W-shaped temperature dependences typical of exciton localization by alloy inhomogeneities. Cathodo-luminescence measurements demonstrated that the alloy inhomogeneities, responsible of exciton localization, occur on a lateral length scale below 150 nm, which is corroborated by TEM.
CBS News/The New York Times Poll: Women in Workplace/Presidency
Creators: name: CBS News
name: New York Times
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2019

description: 2016 Presidential campaign (2); registered to vote (1); likely presidential vote (1); presidential candidates (10); Hillary Clinton (3); Donald Trump (3); Gary Johnson (2); Jill Stein (2); voter enthusiasm (1); woman nominee for president (1); female presidential candidate (1); Trump vs. Clinton qualities/characteristics (12); Clinton as role model for women (1); Trump respects women (1); life satisfaction (1); most important problems facing American women (1); opportunities to succeed in life (2); women in workplaces (4); equal pay (1); primary wage earner (1); job provides personal satisfaction (1); illegal immigrants (2); Clinton's personal emails (1); Trump's tax returns (1); presidential debate on television (1); attend religious services (1); registered to vote (1); personal finances (1); political party preference (2).
Osmotic stress affects functional properties of human melanoma cell lines
Creators: name: La Porta, Caterina A. M.
name: Ghilardi, Anna
name: Pasini, Maria
name: Laurson, Lasse
name: Alava, Mikko J.
name: Zapperi, Stefano
name: Amar, Martine Ben
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Tissues and Organs (q-bio.TO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Understanding the role of microenvironment in cancer growth and metastasis is a key issue for cancer research. Here, we study the effect of osmotic pressure on the functional properties of primary and metastatic melanoma cell lines. In particular, we experimentally quantify individual cell motility and transmigration capability. We then perform a circular scratch assay to study how a cancer cell front invades an empty space. Our results show that primary melanoma cells are sensitive to a low osmotic pressure, while metastatic cells are less. To better understand the experimental results, we introduce and study a continuous model for the dynamics of a cell layer and a stochastic discrete model for cell proliferation and diffusion. The two models capture essential features of the experimental results and allow to make predictions for a wide range of experimentally measurable parameters.
Bose--Einstein condensation for particles with repulsive short-range pair interactions in a Poisson random external potential in $\mathbb R^d$
Creators: name: Kerner, Joachim
name: Pechmann, Maximilian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 82B44, 60G55, 81V70, 82B10

description: We study Bose gases in $d$ dimensions, $d \ge 2$, with short-range repulsive pair interactions, at positive temperature, in the canonical ensemble and in the thermodynamic limit. We assume the presence of hard Poissonian obstacles and focus on the non-percolation regime. For sufficiently strong interparticle interactions, we show that almost surely there cannot be Bose--Einstein condensation into a sufficiently localized, normalized one-particle state. The results apply to the eigenstates of the underlying one-particle Hamiltonian.
Time evolution of Majorana corner modes in Floquet second-order topological superconductor
Creators: name: Ghosh, Arnob Kumar
name: Nag, Tanay
name: Saha, Arijit
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a practically feasible time-periodic sinusoidal drive protocol in onsite mass term to generate the two-dimensional~(2D) Floquet second-order topological superconductor, hosting both the regular $0$- and anomalous $π$-Majorana corner modes~(MCMs) while starting from a static 2D topological insulator/$d$-wave superconductor heterostructure setup. We theoretically study the local density spectra and the time dynamics of MCMs in the presence of such drive. The dynamical MCMs are topologically characterized by employing the average quadrupolar motion. Furthermore, we employ the Floquet perturbation theory~(FPT) in the strong driving amplitude limit to provide analytical insight into the problem. We compare our exact (numerical), and the FPT results in terms of the eigenvalue spectra and the time dynamics of the MCMs. We emphasize that the agreement between the exact numerical and the FPT results are more prominent in the higher frequency regime for close to the $0$-quasi-energy mode.
description: This is the published version
Fully Three-dimensional Radial Visualization
Creators: name: Zhu, Yifan
name: Dai, Fan
name: Maitra, Ranjan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Graphics (cs.GR)
subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: G.3; I.3.3; I.3.7; J.3; J.4
subject: 62H25, 62H99, 62P10, 62P25

description: We develop methodology for three-dimensional (3D) radial visualization (RadViz) of multidimensional datasets. The classical two-dimensional (2D) RadViz visualizes multivariate data in the 2D plane by mapping every observation to a point inside the unit circle. Our tool, RadViz3D, distributes anchor points uniformly on the 3D unit sphere. We show that this uniform distribution provides the best visualization with minimal artificial visual correlation for data with uncorrelated variables. However, anchor points can be placed exactly equi-distant from each other only for the five Platonic solids, so we provide equi-distant anchor points for these five settings, and approximately equi-distant anchor points via a Fibonacci grid for the other cases. Our methodology, implemented in the R package $radviz3d$, makes fully 3D RadViz possible and is shown to improve the ability of this nonlinear technique in more faithfully displaying simulated data as well as the crabs, olive oils and wine datasets. Additionally, because radial visualization is naturally suited for compositional data, we use RadViz3D to illustrate (i) the chemical composition of Longquan celadon ceramics and their Jingdezhen imitation over centuries, and (ii) US regional SARS-Cov-2 variants' prevalence in the Covid-19 pandemic during the summer 2021 surge of the Delta variant.
description: 10 pages, 7 figures, 1 table
Rotating Spacetime Modulation: Topological Phases and Spacetime Haldane Model
Creators: name: Serra, João C.
name: Silveirinha, Mário G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Topological photonics has recently emerged as a very general framework for the design of unidirectional edge waveguides immune to back-scattering and deformations, as well as other platforms that feature extreme nonreciprocal wave phenomena. While the topological classification of time invariant crystals has been widely discussed in the literature, the study of spacetime crystals formed by time-variant materials remains largely unexplored. Here, we extend the methods of topological band theory to photonic crystals formed by inclusions that are subject to a spacetime rotating-wave modulation that imitates a physical rotating motion. By resorting to an approximate nonhomogeneous effective description of the electromagnetic response of the inclusions, it is shown that they possess a bianisotropic response that breaks the time-reversal symmetry and may give rise to non-trivial topologies. In particular, we propose an implementation of the Haldane model in a spacetime modulated photonic crystal.
description: 29 pages, 6 figures
Diminished physical function in older HIV-infected adults in the Southeastern U.S. despite successful antiretroviral therapy
Creators: name: Frankey, Katherine
name: McKellar, Mehri S.
name: McNeil, Donna Lynn
name: Huffman, Kim
name: Khoury, Audrey L.
name: Morey, Miriam C.
name: Pieper, Carl F.
name: Hicks, Charles B.
name: Humphries, Barlett
name: Wong, Tammy C.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: As antiretroviral therapy efficacy improves, HIV is gradually being recognized more as a chronic disease within the aging HIV-infected population. While these individuals are surviving into old age, they may, however, be experiencing “accelerated aging” with greater declines in physical function than that observed among comparably matched individuals free of HIV. This decline is not well understood and it remains unclear if physical decline correlates with the degree of immunosuppression based on CD4 lymphocyte nadir.
Nonperturbative approach to interfacial spin-orbit torques induced by Rashba effect
Creators: name: Veneri, Alessandro
name: Perkins, David T. S.
name: Ferreira, Aires
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Current-induced spin-orbit torque (SOT) in normal metal/ferromagnet (NM/FM) bilayers bears great promise for technological applications, but the microscopic origin of purely interfacial SOTs in ultra-thin systems is not yet fully understood. Here, we show that a linear response theory with a nonperturbative treatment of spin-dependent interactions and impurity scattering potential predicts damping-like SOTs that are strictly absent in perturbative approaches. The technique is applied to a two-dimensional Rashba-coupled ferromagnet (the paradigmatic model of a NM/FM interface), where higher-order scattering processes encoding skew scattering from nonmagnetic impurities allow for current-induced spin polarization with nonzero components along all spatial directions. This is in stark contrast to previous results of perturbative methods (neglecting skew scattering), which predict a coplanar spin-polarization locked perpendicular to the charge current as a result of conventional Rashba-Edelstein effect. Furthermore, the angular dependence of ensuing SOTs and their dependence upon the scattering potential strength is analysed numerically. Simple analytic expressions for the spin-density--charge-current response function, and related SOT efficiencies, are obtained in the weak scattering limit. We find that the extrinsic damping-like torques driven by impurity scattering reaches efficiencies of up to 7% of the field-like (Rashba-Edelstein) torque. Our microscopic theory shows that bulk phenomena, such as the spin Hall effect, are not a necessity in the generation of the damping-like SOTs of the type observed in experiments on ultra-thin systems.
description: 9 Pages, 4 figures
On rational functions with more than three branch points
Creators: name: Song, Jijian
name: Xu, Bin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Let $Λ$ be a collection of partitions of a positive integer $d$ of the form $$(a_1,\cdots, a_p),\,(b_1,\cdots, b_q),\,(m_1+1,1,\cdots,1),\cdots, (m_l+1,1,\cdots,1),$$ where $(m_1,\cdots, m_l)$ is a partition of $p+q-2>0$. We prove that there exists a rational function on the Riemann sphere $\overline{\mathbb{C}}$ with branch data $Λ$ if and only if $$\max\bigl(m_1,\cdots,m_l\bigr) < \frac{d}{{\rm GCD}(a_1,\cdots, a_p,b_1,\cdots, b_q)}.$$ As an application, we give a new class of branch data which can be realized by Belyi functions on the Riemann sphere.
description: 19 pages We change the title. We improve exposition the manuscript greatly. Any comments are welcome!
Identifying diffuse spatial structures in high-energy photon lists
Creators: name: Fan, Minjie
name: Wang, Jue
name: Kashyap, Vinay L.
name: Lee, Thomas C. M.
name: van Dyk, David A.
name: Zezas, Andreas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Data from high-energy observations are usually obtained as lists of photon events. A common analysis task for such data is to identify whether diffuse emission exists, and to estimate its surface brightness, even in the presence of point sources that may be superposed. We have developed a novel non-parametric event list segmentation algorithm to divide up the field of view into distinct emission components. We use photon location data directly, without binning them into an image. We first construct a graph from the Voronoi tessellation of the observed photon locations and then grow segments using a new adaptation of seeded region growing, that we call Seeded Region Growing on Graph, after which the overall method is named SRGonG. Starting with a set of seed locations, this results in an over-segmented dataset, which SRGonG then coalesces using a greedy algorithm where adjacent segments are merged to minimize a model comparison statistic; we use the Bayesian Information Criterion. Using SRGonG we are able to identify point-like and diffuse extended sources in the data with equal facility. We validate SRGonG using simulations, demonstrating that it is capable of discerning irregularly shaped low surface-brightness emission structures as well as point-like sources with strengths comparable to that seen in typical X-ray data. We demonstrate SRGonG's use on the Chandra data of the Antennae galaxies, and show that it segments the complex structures appropriately.
Regularity theory for non-autonomous partial differential equations without Uhlenbeck structure
Creators: name: Hästö, Peter
name: Ok, Jihoon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 49N60, 35A15, 35B65, 35J62, 46E35

description: We establish maximal local regularity results of weak solutions or local minimizers of \[ \operatorname{div} A(x, Du)=0 \quad\text{and}\quad \min_u \int_ΩF(x,Du)\,dx, \] providing new ellipticity and continuity assumptions on $A$ or $F$ with general $(p,q)$-growth. Optimal regularity theory for the above non-autonomous problems is a long-standing issue; the classical approach by Giaquinta and Giusti involves assuming that the nonlinearity $F$ satisfies a structure condition. This means that the growth and ellipticity conditions depend on a given special function, such as $t^p$, $φ(t)$, $t^{p(x)}$, $t^p+a(x)t^q$, and not only $F$ but also the given function is assumed to satisfy suitable continuity conditions. Hence these regularity conditions depend on given special functions. In this paper we study the problem without recourse to special function structure and without assuming Uhlenbeck structure. We introduce a new ellipticity condition using $A$ or $F$ only, which entails that the function is quasi-isotropic, i.e.\ it may depend on the direction, but only up to a multiplicative constant. Moreover, we formulate the continuity condition on $A$ or $F$ without specific structure and without direct restriction on the ratio $\frac qp$ of the parameters from the $(p,q)$-growth condition. We establish local $C^{1,α}$-regularity for some $α\in(0,1)$ and $C^α$-regularity for any $α\in(0,1)$ of weak solutions and local minimizers. Previously known, essentially optimal, regularity results are included as special cases.
description: Arch. Ration. Mech. Anal., to appear
Distance to care, enrollment and loss to follow-up of HIV patients during decentralization of antiretroviral therapy in Neno District, Malawi: A retrospective cohort study
Creators: name: Bronson, Gay
name: Herce, Michael
name: Neumann, Christian
name: Kachimanga, Chembe
name: Bilinski, Alyssa
name: McBain, Ryan
name: Po-Chedley, Stephen
name: Kalanga, Noel
name: Birru, Ermyas
name: Peckarsky, Matthew
name: Keck, James
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: HIV/AIDS remains the second most common cause of death in low and middle-income countries (LMICs), and only 34% of eligible patients in Africa received antiretroviral therapy (ART) in 2013. This study investigated the impact of ART decentralization on patient enrollment and retention in rural Malawi. We reviewed electronic medical records of patients registered in the Neno District ART program from August 1, 2006, when ART first became available, through December 31, 2013. We used GPS data to calculate patient-level distance to care, and examined number of annual ART visits and one-year lost to follow-up (LTFU) in HIV care. The number of ART patients in Neno increased from 48 to 3,949 over the decentralization period. Mean travel distance decreased from 7.3 km when ART was only available at the district hospital to 4.7 km when ART was decentralized to 12 primary health facilities. For patients who transferred from centralized care to nearer health facilities, mean travel distance decreased from 9.5 km to 4.7 km. Following a transfer, the proportion of patients achieving the clinic’s recommended ≥4 annual visits increased from 89% to 99%. In Cox proportional hazards regression, patients living ≥8 km from a health facility had a greater hazard of being LTFU compared to patients <8 km from a facility (adjusted HR: 1.7; 95% CI: 1.5–1.9). ART decentralization in Neno District was associated with increased ART enrollment, decreased travel distance, and increased retention in care. Increasing access to ART by reducing travel distance is one strategy to achieve the ART coverage and viral suppression objectives of the 90-90-90 UNAIDS targets in rural impoverished areas.
The Robin problem for the nonlinear Schrödinger equation on the half-line
Creators: name: Lee, Jae Min
name: Lenells, Jonatan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35Q55, 35Q15, 35B40, 37K40

description: We consider the nonlinear Schrödinger equation on the half-line $x \geq 0$ with a Robin boundary condition at $x = 0$ and with initial data in the weighted Sobolev space $H^{1,1}(\mathbb{R}_+)$. We prove that there exists a global weak solution of this initial-boundary value problem and provide a representation for the solution in terms of the solution of a Riemann--Hilbert problem. Using this representation, we obtain asymptotic formulas for the long-time behavior of the solution. In particular, by restricting our asymptotic result to solutions whose initial data are close to the initial profile of the stationary one-soliton, we obtain results on the asymptotic stability of the stationary one-solitons under any small perturbation in $H^{1,1}(\mathbb{R}_+)$. In the focusing case, such a result was already established by Deift and Park using different methods, and our work provides an alternative approach to obtain such results.