cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Revisiting the quantum field theory of neutrino oscillations in vacuum
Creators: name: Grimus, Walter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider neutrino oscillations in vacuum in the framework of quantum field theory in which neutrino production and detection processes are part of a single Feynman diagram and the corresponding cross section is computed in the standard way, i.e. with final states represented by plane waves. We use assumptions which are realized in actual experiments and concentrate on the detection process. Moreover, we also allow for a finite time interval of length $τ$ during which the detector records neutrino events. In this context we are motivated by accelerator-neutrino oscillation experiments where data taking is synchronized in time with the proton spill time of the accelerator. Given the final momenta and the direction of neutrino propagation, we find that in the oscillation amplitude---for all practical purposes---the neutrino energy $Q$ is fixed, apart from an interval of order $2π\hbar/τ$ around a mean energy $\bar Q$; this is an expression of energy non-conservation or the time-energy uncertainty relation in the detection process due to $τ< \infty$. We derive in excellent approximation that in the amplitude the oscillation effect originates from massive neutrinos with the same energy $\bar Q$, i.e. oscillations take place in space without any decoherece effect, while the remaining integration over $Q$ in the interval of order $2π\hbar/τ$ around $\bar Q$ results in a time-correlation function expressing the time delay between neutrino production and detection.
description: 26 pages, one figure, misprints corrected
title: Unraveling and Mapping the Mechanisms for Near-Surface Microstructure Evolution in CuNi Alloys under Sliding
Creators: name: Eder, Stefan
name: Rodríguez Ripoll, Manel
name: Cihak-Bayr, Ulrike
name: Dini, Daniele
name: Gachot, Carsten
Publisher: name: AMER CHEMICAL SOC
Year: 2020
Subjects: deformation mechanism map
fcc alloys
large-scale molecular dynamics
microstructure evolution
sliding contacts

description: The origin of friction and wear in polycrystalline materials is intimately connected with their microstructural response to interfacial stresses. Although many mechanisms that govern microstructure evolution in sliding contacts are generally understood, it is still a challenge to ascertain which mechanisms matter under what conditions, which limits the development of tailor-made microstructures for reducing friction and wear. Here, we shed light on the circumstances that promote plastic deformation and surface damage by studying several face-centered cubic CuNi alloys subjected to sliding with molecular dynamics simulations featuring tens of millions of atoms. By analyzing the depth- and time-dependent evolution of the grain size, twinning, shear, and stresses in the aggregate, we derive a deformation mechanism map for CuNi alloys. We verify the predictions of this map against focused ion beam images of the near-surface regions of CuNi alloys that were experimentally subjected to similar loading conditions. Our results may serve as a tool for finding optimum material compositions within a specified operating range.
Quadratic replica coupling in the Sherrington-Kirkpatrick mean field spin glass model
Creators: name: Guerra, Francesco
name: Toninelli, Fabio L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We develop a simple method to study the high temperature, or high external field, behavior of the Sherrington-Kirkpatrick mean field spin glass model. The basic idea is to couple two different replicas with a quadratic term, trying to push out the two replica overlap from its replica symmetric value. In the case of zero external field, our results reproduce the well known validity of the annealed approximation, up to the known critical value for the temperature. In the case of nontrivial external field, we prove the validity of the Sherrington-Kirkpatrick replica symmetric solution up to a line, which falls short of the Almeida-Thouless line, associated to the onset of the spontaneous replica symmetry breaking, in the Parisi Ansatz. The main difference with the method, recently developed by Michel Talagrand, is that we employ a quadratic coupling, and not a linear one. The resulting flow equations, with respect to the parameters of the model, turn out to be much simpler, and more tractable. By applying the cavity method, we show also how to determine free energy and overlap fluctuations, in the region where replica symmetry has been shown to hold.
description: 17 pages; added references; corrected typos
Additional file 2 of Comparison of surgical outcomes and prognosis between wedge resection and simple Segmentectomy for GGO diameter between 2 cm and 3 cm in non-small cell lung cancer: a multicenter and propensity score matching analysis
Creators: name: Zhou, Yaodong
name: Yu, Tao
name: Zhang, Yixin
name: Qian, Liqiang
name: Xia, Qing
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Cancer
subject: Statistics
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Mental Health

description: Additional file 2: Supplementary table. All the patients and tumor characteristics of simple segmentectomy and wedge resection before propensity score matching.
Leiophora Robineau-Desvoidy 1863
Creators: name: Evenhuis, Neal L.
name: O'Hara, James E.
name: Pape, Thomas
name: Pont, Adrian C.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2010
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Tachinidae
Leiophora

description: 272. Leiophora Robineau-Desvoidy, 1863a: 930.
 ORIGINALLY INCLUDED SPECIES: Leiophora nitida Robineau-Desvoidy, 1863.
 TYPE SPECIES: Leiophora nitida Robineau-Desvoidy, 1863 [= Tachina innoxia Meigen, 1824], by original designation.
 CURRENT STATUS: Valid genus [teste Herting & Dely-Draskovits (1993: 159)].
FAMILY: TACHINIDAE.
 EMENDATIONS: Liophora Bezzi & Stein, 1907: 282 (unjustified), n. syn.
description: Published as part of Evenhuis, Neal L., O'Hara, James E., Pape, Thomas & Pont, Adrian C., 2010, 2373, pp. 1-265 in Zootaxa 2373 on page 96
The WYSIWYG compactification
Creators: name: Chen, Dawei
name: Wright, Alex
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We show that the partial compactification of a stratum of Abelian differentials previously considered by Mirzakhani and Wright is not an algebraic variety. Despite this, we use a combination of algebro-geometric and other methods to provide a short, unconditional proof of Mirzakhani and Wright's formula for the tangent space to the boundary of a GL(2,R) orbit closure, and give new results on the structure of the boundary.
description: Minor revisions, primarily to sections 7 and 8
Interstellar Phase Transitions Stimulated by Time-dependent Heating
Creators: name: Kritsuk, Alexei G.
name: Norman, Michael L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use three-dimensional hydrodynamic numerical simulations to study phase transformations occurring in a clumpy interstellar gas exposed to time-dependent volumetric heating. To mimic conditions in the Galactic interstellar medium, we take a numerical model of a turbulent multiphase medium from Kritsuk & Norman (2002) computed in a periodic box with mean density n_0=0.25 cm^-3 and mean pressure P_0/k~10^3.4 K cm^-3. A second model with n_0=1 cm^-3 is also considered. Variations of the heating rate on a timescale of 1-10 Myr applied thereafter cause pressure variations in the gas and shifting of the thermal equilibrium curve in the phase plane. This stimulates mass transfer between the gas phases via thermal instability, converting 5-10% of the thermal energy into kinetic energy of gas motions. The experiments demonstrate that recurrent substantial heating episodes can maintain turbulence at this level. Possible applications to the interstellar gas heated by variable far-ultraviolet background radiation produced by short-living massive stars are discussed.
description: ApJ Letters, accepted; 5 pages, 3 color figures; mpeg animations and high quality figures available at http://akpc.ucsd.edu/ThermalInstability
FLRW cosmology with EDSFD parametrization
Creators: name: Singh, J. K.
name: Nagpal, Ritika
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we study a cosmological model in the background of FLRW space time by assuming an appropriate parametrization in the form of a differential equation in terms of energy density of scalar field $ ρ_ϕ $, which is defined as Energy Density Scalar Field Differential equation (EDSFD) parametrization. This EDSFD parametrization leads to a required phase transition from early deceleration to present cosmic acceleration. This parametrization is used to reconstruct the equation of state parameter $ ω_ϕ(z) $ to examine the evolutionary history of the universe in a flat FLRW space time. Here, we constrain the model parameter using the various observational datasets of Hubble parameter $ H(z) $, latest Union $ 2.1 $ compilation dataset $ SNeIa $, $ BAO $, joint dataset $ H(z)+SNeIa $ and $ H(z)+SNeIa+BAO $ for detail analysis of the behaviour of physical parameters and we find its best fit present value. Also, we study the dynamics of our parametric model, briefly analyse the behaviours of the physical features using some diagnostic tools, and examine the viability of our model.
title: An experimental framework for determining wear in porous journal bearings operated in the mixed lubrication regime
Creators: name: Eder, Stefan
name: Ielchici, Christian
name: Krenn, Stefan
name: Brandtner, Daniel
Publisher: name: Elsevier Ltd.
Year: 2018
Subjects: Mixed lubrication
Optical microscopy
Porous bearing
Wear measurement

description: We present an experimental and analysis workflow to characterize the tribological behavior and the wear resistance of porous journal bearing systems operating at high loads and small rotational speeds. Our approach consists of a laser-instrumented tribometer that allows parallel testing of five bearings, an experimental procedure that is optimized for producing sufficient wear during mixed lubrication operation while maintaining realistic operating conditions, as well as several methods to visualize and quantify bearing wear. The simultaneous testing of five bearings prevents outliers from distorting the results and yields a statistical estimation of the performance variations between nominally equivalent tribosystems. We showcase our approach by analyzing the influence of the bearing material and its porosity on mixed-lubrication friction and wear.
Ligeria Robineau-Desvoidy 1863
Creators: name: Evenhuis, Neal L.
name: O'Hara, James E.
name: Pape, Thomas
name: Pont, Adrian C.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2010
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Tachinidae
Ligeria

description: 279. Ligeria Robineau-Desvoidy, 1863a: 935.
 ORIGINALLY INCLUDED SPECIES: Ligeria petiolata Robineau-Desvoidy, 1863.
 TYPE SPECIES: Ligeria petiolata Robineau-Desvoidy, 1863 [= Scopolia angusticornis Loew, 1847], by original designation.
 CURRENT STATUS: Valid genus [teste Herting & Dely-Draskovits (1993: 165)].
FAMILY: TACHINIDAE.
description: Published as part of Evenhuis, Neal L., O'Hara, James E., Pape, Thomas & Pont, Adrian C., 2010, 2373, pp. 1-265 in Zootaxa 2373 on page 98
Can Increasing Fuel Costs Make Locally Produced Food More Competitive?
Creators: name: Grigsby, Chuck
name: Hellwinckel, Chad
name: Lambert, Dayton
name: Yu, Edward
name: Grigsby, Chuck
name: Hellwinckel, Chad
name: Lambert, Dayton
name: Yu, Edward
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Local food
subject: Transportation
subject: Energy use
subject: Food distribution

description: Fresh produce in the United States often travels thousands of miles in diesel operated semi-trucks before arriving to market. Under a high fuel cost scenario, the current low cost, efficient supply chain could become a high cost organizational structure for US food distribution. Rising transportation costs of food sourced from distant locations may provide competitive opportunities for small- and mid-sized local producers if transportation costs are a smaller portion of their total costs. Farmers selling fresh produce in east Tennessee farmer markets are surveyed to obtain baseline information on their transportation energy use to deliver their products to market. Local farmers’ energy use is compared to three conventional transportation scenarios for fruits and vegetables grown in California, Texas, and Florida. A comparative analysis of conventional and local transportation energy consumption serves as an indicator of whether local farmers’ locational advantage in accessing nearby markets could open competitive opportunities over the conventional food supply chain in a high fuel cost scenario.
Structural study of an amorphous NiZr2 alloy by anomalous wide angle X-ray scattering and Reverse Monte Carlo simulations
Creators: name: de Lima, J. C.
name: Machado, K. D.
name: Grandi, T. A.
name: de Campos, C. E. M.
name: Raoux, D.
name: Tonnerre, J. M.
name: Udlon, D.
name: Morrison, T. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The local atomic structure of an amorphous NiZr2 alloy was investigated using the anomalous wide-angle x-ray scattering (AWAXS), differential anomalous scattering (DAS) and reverse Monte Carlo (RMC) simulations techniques. The AWAXS measurements were performed at eight different incident photon energies, including some close to the Ni and Zr K edges. From the measurements eight total structure factor S(K,E) were derived. Using the AWAXS data four differential structure factors DSFi(K,Em,En) were derived, two about the Ni and Zr edges. The partial structure factors SNi-Ni(K), SNi-Zr(K) and SZr-Zr(K) were estimated by using two different methods. First, the S(K,E) and DSFi(K,Em,En) factors were combined and used in a matrix inversion process. Second, three S(K,E) factors were used as input data in the RMC technique. The coordination numbers and interatomic distances for the first neighbors extracted from the partial structure factors obtained by these two methods show a good agreement. By using the three-dimensional structure derived from the RMC simulations, the bond-angle distributions were calculated and they suggest the presence of distorted triangular-faced polyhedral units in the amorphous NiZr2 structure. We have used the Warren chemical short-range order parameter to evaluate the chemical short-range order for the amorphous NiZr2 alloy and for the NiZr2 compound. The calculated values show that the chemical short-range order found in these two materials is similar to that found in a solid solution.
description: Submitted to Phys. Rev. B, 8 figures
title: Photocall. Vístete de ciencia: taller
Creators: name: González-Rey, Elena
name: Pérez Sánchez-Cañete, María
name: Canet, Luz
name: Pérez Falo, Clara
Publisher: name: CSIC - Instituto de Parasitología y Biomedicina López Neyra (IPBLN)
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Taller
subject: Divulgación
subject: Ciencia

description: Apto para público con discapacidad: Personas con discapacidad física motora/orgánica; Personas con discapacidad visual; Personas con discapacidad auditiva; Personas con discapacidad cognitiva/intelectual; Personas con TEA (Trastorno del Espectro Autista); Personas aisladas (geográficamente, hospitalizadas, encarceladas...); Personas socioeconómicamente vulnerables o en riesgo de exclusión social Otros públicos
description: Edad recomendada: 0-6 años; 6-12 años; 12-16 años; 16-18 años; Público adulto; Apto para todas las edades
description: Tipos de público: Todos los públicos; Apto para públicos con discapacidad; Estudiantes de Infantil; Estudiantes ESO; Estudiantes Primaria; Personas mayores; Público familiar; Público general; Público infantil
description: El recurso ha formado parte del evento: La Noche de la Investigación; Semana de la Ciencia y la Tecnología; Día de la Mujer y la Niña en la Ciencia (11F); Feria de la Ciencia
description: ¿Es posible ponerse en “la piel” de un investigador del Instituto de Parasitología y Biomedicina "López-Neyra"? En nuestro photocall, además de vestirse como un científico, se puede aprender sobre la ropa de trabajo y equipos de protección individual que requiere investigar en laboratorios biomédicos o de alta seguridad. Esta actividad es apta para todos los públicos, desde los más pequeños hasta personas mayores de 65 años.
OILADA TARBIYA JARAYONING O'RNI  VA AXLOQIY TARBIYA TAMOYILLARI
Creators: name: TURG'UNOVA, GULZODA
name: ODILJONOVA, YULDUZXON
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: Mazkur maqolada oilada tarbiyaning o’rni va axloqiy tarbiyaning tamoyillari yoritilgan. Shuningdek buyuk allomalarimizning tarbiya borasidagi qarashlari chuqur o’rganilgan.
title: Hama Beads: ciencia en tu bolsillo: taller
Creators: name: González-Rey, Elena
name: Pérez Sánchez-Cañete, María
name: Canet, Luz
name: Pérez Falo, Clara
Publisher: name: CSIC - Instituto de Parasitología y Biomedicina López Neyra (IPBLN)
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Taller
subject: Divulgación
subject: Biología

description: Apto para público con discapacidad: Personas con discapacidad auditiva; Personas con discapacidad cognitiva/intelectual; Personas con TEA (Trastorno del Espectro Autista)
description: Edad recomendada: 0-6 años; 6-12 años; 12-16 años; 16-18 años; Público adulto; Apto para todas las edades
description: Tipos de público: Todos los públicos; Apto para públicos con discapacidad; Estudiantes de Infantil; Estudiantes ESO; Estudiantes Primaria; Personas mayores; Público familiar; Público general; Público infantil
description: El recurso ha formado parte del evento: La Noche de la Investigación; Semana de la Ciencia y la Tecnología; Día de la Mujer y la Niña en la Ciencia (11F); Feria de la Ciencia
description: En este taller los participantes aprenden a representar virus, bacterias, elementos de laboratorio y otras formas divertidas de la biología molecular mientras crean llaveros personalizados con hama beads. Esta actividad es apta para todos los públicos, desde menores en edad escolar (primaria o ESO) hasta personas mayores de 65 años.
The survey of Planetary Nebulae in Andromeda (M31) II. Age-velocity dispersion relation in the disc from Planetary Nebulae
Creators: name: Bhattacharya, Souradeep
name: Arnaboldi, Magda
name: Caldwell, Nelson
name: Gerhard, Ortwin
name: Blaña, Matías
name: McConnachie, Alan
name: Hartke, Johanna
name: Guhathakurta, Puragra
name: Pulsoni, Claudia
name: Freeman, Kenneth C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The age-velocity dispersion relation is an important tool to understand the evolution of the disc of the Andromeda galaxy (M31) in comparison with the Milky Way. We use Planetary Nebulae (PNe) to obtain the age-velocity dispersion relation in different radial bins of the M31 disc. We separate the observed PNe sample based on their extinction values into two distinct age populations. The observed velocities of our high- and low-extinction PNe, which correspond to higher and lower mass progenitors respectively, are fitted in de-projected elliptical bins to obtain their rotational velocities, $V_ϕ$, and corresponding dispersions, $\rmσ_ϕ$. We assign ages to the two PNe populations by comparing central-star properties of an archival sub-sample of PNe, having models fitted to their observed spectral features, to stellar evolution tracks. For the high- and low-extinction PNe, we find ages of $\sim2.5$ Gyr and $\sim4.5$ Gyr respectively, with distinct kinematics beyond a deprojected radius R$\rm_{GC}= 14$ kpc. At R$\rm_{GC}$=17--20 kpc, which is the equivalent distance in disc scale lengths of the Sun in the Milky Way disc, we obtain $\rmσ_{ϕ,~2.5~Gyr}= 61\pm 14$ km s$^{-1}$ and $\rmσ_{ϕ,~4.5~Gyr}= 101\pm 13$ km s$^{-1}$. The age-velocity dispersion relation for the M31 disc is obtained in two radial bins, R$\rm_{GC}$=14--17 and 17--20 kpc. The high- and low-extinction PNe are associated with the young thin and old thicker disc of M31 respectively, whose velocity dispersion values increase with age. These values are almost twice and thrice that of the Milky Way disc stellar population of corresponding ages. From comparison with simulations of merging galaxies, we find that the age-velocity dispersion relation in the M31 disc measured using PNe is indicative of a single major merger that occurred 2.5 -- 4.5 Gyr ago with an estimated merger mass ratio $\approx$ 1:5.
description: 8 pages, 9 figures, accepted for publication in A&A
The WIC Program: Background, Trends, and Economic Issues, 2015 Edition
Creators: name: Oliveira, Victor
name: Frazao, Elizabeth
name: Oliveira, Victor
name: Frazao, Elizabeth
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women
subject: Infants
subject: and Children
subject: WIC
subject: spillover effects
subject: geographic distribution
subject: economic conditions
subject: infant formula rebates
subject: price insensitivity
subject: equity issues

description: The Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) provides supplemental food, nutrition education (including breastfeeding promotion and support), and referrals to health care and other social services to low-income, nutritionally at-risk women, infants, and children up to 5 years of age. On average, over half of all infants in the United States, over a quarter of all pregnant and postpartum women, and over a quarter of all children less than 5 years of age participate in the program. The Healthy, Hunger-Free Kids Act of 2010, which authorized funds for WIC, is set to expire on September 30, 2015. The reauthorization process provides an important opportunity to reexamine the operation and effectiveness of the program and to consider improvements. This report explains how WIC works, examines program trends, and discusses some of the major economic issues facing the program (including the impact of economic conditions on participation, some lesser known effects of WIC, and equity and cost-management issues).
title: Juegos de memory: Leishmaniasis y Esclerosis: taller
Creators: name: González-Rey, Elena
name: Pérez Sánchez-Cañete, María
name: Canet, Luz
name: Pérez Falo, Clara
Publisher: name: CSIC - Instituto de Parasitología y Biomedicina López Neyra (IPBLN)
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Taller
subject: Divulgación
subject: Leishmaniasis
subject: Esclerosis

description: Apto para público con discapacidad: Personas con discapacidad auditiva; Personas con discapacidad cognitiva/intelectual; Personas con TEA (Trastorno del Espectro Autista)
description: Edad recomendada: 0-6 años; 6-12 años; 12-16 años; 16-18 años; Público adulto; Apto para todas las edades
description: Tipos de público: Todos los públicos; Apto para públicos con discapacidad; Estudiantes de Infantil; Estudiantes ESO; Estudiantes Primaria; Personas mayores; Público familiar; Público general; Público infantil
description: El recurso ha formado parte del evento: La Noche de la Investigación; Día de la Mujer y la Niña en la Ciencia (11F); Feria de la Ciencia
description: Mediante una dinámica de juego y memoria, los participantes tendrán la oportunidad de profundizar en la comprensión de los mecanismos detrás de dos enfermedades: la leishmaniasis, una enfermedad parasitaria, y la esclerosis múltiple, una enfermedad neurodegenerativa, mientras forman una imagen final a medida que encuentran las parejas de piezas relacionadas con cada enfermedad. Esta actividad es apta para todos los públicos, desde menores en edad escolar (primaria o ESO) hasta personas mayores de 65 años.
Central limit theorem for fluctuations in the high temperature region of the Sherrington-Kirkpatrick spin glass model
Creators: name: Guerra, Francesco
name: Toninelli, Fabio L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In a region above the Almeida-Thouless line, where we are able to control the thermodynamic limit of the Sherrington-Kirkpatrick model and to prove replica symmetry, we show that the fluctuations of the overlaps and of the free energy are Gaussian, on the scale N^{-1/2}, for N large. The method we employ is based on the idea, we recently developed, of introducing quadratic coupling between two replicas. The proof makes use of the cavity equations and of concentration of measure inequalities for the free energy.
description: 18 pages
Semi-Lagrangian lattice Boltzmann method for compressible flows
Creators: name: Wilde, Dominik
name: Krämer, Andreas
name: Reith, Dirk
name: Foysi, Holger
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This work thoroughly investigates a semi-Lagrangian lattice Boltzmann (SLLBM) solver for compressible flows. In contrast to other LBM for compressible flows, the vertices are organized in cells, and interpolation polynomials up to fourth order are used to attain the off-vertex distribution function values. Differing from the recently introduced Particles on Demand (PoD) method, the method operates in a static, non-moving reference frame. Yet the SLLBM in the present formulation grants supersonic flows and exhibits a high degree of Galilean invariance. The SLLBM solver allows for an independent time step size due to the integration along characteristics and for the use of unusual velocity sets, like the D2Q25, which is constructed by the roots of the fifth-order Hermite polynomial. The properties of the present model are shown in diverse example simulations of a two-dimensional Taylor-Green vortex, a Sod shock tube, a two-dimensional Riemann problem and a shock-vortex interaction. It is shown that the cell-based interpolation and the use of Gauss-Lobatto-Chebyshev support points allow for spatially high-order solutions and minimize the mass loss caused by the interpolation. Transformed grids in the shock-vortex interaction show the general applicability to non-uniform grids.
On the Quantum Complexity of Closest Pair and Related Problems
Creators: name: Aaronson, Scott
name: Chia, Nai-Hui
name: Lin, Han-Hsuan
name: Wang, Chunhao
name: Zhang, Ruizhe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Computational Complexity (cs.CC)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The closest pair problem is a fundamental problem of computational geometry: given a set of $n$ points in a $d$-dimensional space, find a pair with the smallest distance. A classical algorithm taught in introductory courses solves this problem in $O(n\log n)$ time in constant dimensions (i.e., when $d=O(1)$). This paper asks and answers the question of the problem's quantum time complexity. Specifically, we give an $\tilde{O}(n^{2/3})$ algorithm in constant dimensions, which is optimal up to a polylogarithmic factor by the lower bound on the quantum query complexity of element distinctness. The key to our algorithm is an efficient history-independent data structure that supports quantum interference. In $\mathrm{polylog}(n)$ dimensions, no known quantum algorithms perform better than brute force search, with a quadratic speedup provided by Grover's algorithm. To give evidence that the quadratic speedup is nearly optimal, we initiate the study of quantum fine-grained complexity and introduce the Quantum Strong Exponential Time Hypothesis (QSETH), which is based on the assumption that Grover's algorithm is optimal for CNF-SAT when the clause width is large. We show that the naïve Grover approach to closest pair in higher dimensions is optimal up to an $n^{o(1)}$ factor unless QSETH is false. We also study the bichromatic closest pair problem and the orthogonal vectors problem, with broadly similar results.
description: 46 pages, 3 figures, presentation improved
title: Comparison of Simplistic System-Level RIS Models and Diffraction-Theory Solutions
Creators: name: Hao, Le
name: Cuesta, Francisco
name: Tretyakov, Sergei
Publisher: name: TU Wien
Year: 2024
Subjects: Intelligent Reflecting Surface (IRS)
path-loss model
Reconfigurable Intelligent Surface (RIS)

description: We discuss and compare two recently published path-loss models for reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RIS) derived from the electromagnetic and communication theory points of view. The electromagnetic model considers the RIS as a whole, taking into account field interactions of all metasurface elements, whereas the communication model is based on an assumption that each array element is an independent relay. The estimations given by the two models are rather different but, surprisingly, we find that the simplistic model gives the same result as the electromagnetic calculation for perfectly functioning anomalous reflectors if one replaces the effective areas of the unit cells by their geometrical areas, scaled by the corresponding angular factors. Simulation results validate our analysis and show the numerical differences between the two models when we vary the frequency and the number of elements in RISs.
Improving Health Through Nutrition Research: An Overview of the U.S. Nutrition Research System
Creators: name: Toole, Andrew
name: Kuchler, Fred
name: Toole, Andrew
name: Kuchler, Fred
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: Health Economics and Policy
subject: Federal research
subject: research and development
subject: public investment
subject: nutrition information system
subject: Human Nutrition Research Information Management (HNRIM)
subject: formula funding
subject: competitive funding

description: This report explores the structure and function of the U.S. nutrition research system, with an emphasis on trends in Federal support. It describes how nutrition research is used, especially for nutrition education and communication, but also for regulation and food assistance. The report uses the Human Nutrition Research Information Management database maintained by the National Institutes of Health to analyze longterm trends. Federal investments in nutrition research grew from 1985 to 2009 in real terms, but the portfolio of research changed. Over time, the share of nutrition research support by the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services increased while support by the U.S. Department of Agriculture decreased. This shift changed how research topics were selected and funded within the Federal portfolio. More research is funded through competitive grants than through intramural or formula funding, and a broader set of academic institutions now participates in nutrition research.
title: Integrating the valuation of environmental effects in cost-benefit-analysis. A review of public guidelines
Creators: name: Schneider, Antonia
Publisher: name: TU Wien
Year: 2024
Subjects: Cost-benefit analysis
CBA
environmental valuation
external effects
guidelines
Biodiversity Effects
noise
air pollution
water pollution
greenhouse gases
Valuation Methods

description: Cost-benefit analysis (CBA) is an important appraisal method in the context of public decision-making and planning. This paper systematically reviews 23 public CBA guidelines regarding the valuation of water and air pollution, greenhouse gas emissions, noise and effects on biodiversity and ecosystem quality. The results show that the extent to which environmental effects are integrated in the documents varies widely. Overall, the use of default values is the most preferred approach, as it allows monetary values to be obtained without complex primary valuation methods. However, the origin and scientific reasoning behind the values are often not made transparent, as highlighted in the present study. Challenges with quantification and monetarization of environmental outcomes can lead to an exclusion of these effects, as is for instance the case for biodiversity impacts, where only 6 out of 23 guidelines propose valuation procedures. Since the goal of a CBA is to capture all social costs and benefits, and the results have a direct impact on public planning decisions and policy-making, many CBA guidelines should be revised to better reflect recent developments in the field of environmental evaluation.
Light Lambda-Lambda Hypernuclei and the Onset of Stability for Lambda-Xi Hypernuclei
Creators: name: Filikhin, I. N.
name: Gal, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: New Faddeev-Yakubovsky calculations for light Lambda-Lambda hypernuclei are presented in order to assess the self consistency of the Lambda-Lambda hypernuclear binding-energy world data and the implied strength of the Lambda-Lambda interaction, in the wake of recent experimental reports on Lambda-Lambda-4H and Lambda-Lambda-6He. Using Gaussian soft-core simulations of Nijmegen one-boson-exchange model interactions, the Nijmegen soft-core model NSC97 simulations are found close to reproducing the recently reported binding energy of Lambda-Lambda-6He, but not those of other species. For stranger systems, Faddeev calculations of light Lambda-Xi hypernuclei, using a simulation of the strongly attractive Lambda-Xi interactions due to the same model, suggest that Lambda-Xi-6He marks the onset of nuclear stability for Xi hyperons.
description: 5 pages, 3 postscript figures; fig.2 replaced, minor changes, accepted as Rapid Communication in PRC
Supplementary Material from Techniques for RNA extraction from cells cultured in starPEG–heparin hydrogels
Creators: name: Jaeschke, Anna
name: Harvey, Nicholas R.
name: Tsurkan, Mikhail
name: Werner, Carsten
name: Griffiths, Lyn R.
name: Haupt, Larisa M.
name: Bray, Laura J.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2021
Subjects: Molecular Biology

description: Three-dimensional (3D) cell culture models that provide a biologically relevant microenvironment are imperative to investigate cell–cell and cell–matrix interactions in vitro. Semi-synthetic star-shaped poly(ethylene glycol) (starPEG)–heparin hydrogels are widely used for 3D cell culture due to their highly tuneable biochemical and biomechanical properties. Changes in gene expression levels are commonly used as a measure of cellular responses. However, the isolation of high-quality RNA presents a challenge as contamination of the RNA with hydrogel residue, such as polymer or glycosaminoglycan fragments, can impact template quality and quantity, limiting effective gene expression analyses. Here, we compare two protocols for the extraction of high-quality RNA from starPEG–heparin hydrogels and assess three subsequent purification techniques. Removal of hydrogel residue by centrifugation was found to be essential for obtaining high-quality RNA in both isolation methods. However, purification of the RNA did not result in further improvements in RNA quality. Furthermore, we show the suitability of the extracted RNA for cDNA synthesis of three endogenous control genes confirmed via quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). The methods and techniques shown can be tailored for other hydrogel models based on natural or semi-synthetic materials to provide robust templates for all gene expression analyses.
A superpixel-driven deep learning approach for the analysis of dermatological wounds
Creators: name: Blanco, Gustavo
name: Traina, Agma J. M.
name: Traina, Caetano
name: Azevedo-Marques, Paulo M.
name: Jorge, Ana E. S.
name: de Oliveira, Daniel
name: Bedo, Marcos V. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Background. The image-based identification of distinct tissues within dermatological wounds enhances patients' care since it requires no intrusive evaluations. This manuscript presents an approach, we named QTDU, that combines deep learning models with superpixel-driven segmentation methods for assessing the quality of tissues from dermatological ulcers. Method. QTDU consists of a three-stage pipeline for the obtaining of ulcer segmentation, tissues' labeling, and wounded area quantification. We set up our approach by using a real and annotated set of dermatological ulcers for training several deep learning models to the identification of ulcered superpixels. Results. Empirical evaluations on 179,572 superpixels divided into four classes showed QTDU accurately spot wounded tissues (AUC = 0.986, sensitivity = 0.97, and specificity = 0.974) and outperformed machine-learning approaches in up to 8.2% regarding F1-Score through fine-tuning of a ResNet-based model. Last, but not least, experimental evaluations also showed QTDU correctly quantified wounded tissue areas within a 0.089 Mean Absolute Error ratio. Conclusions. Results indicate QTDU effectiveness for both tissue segmentation and wounded area quantification tasks. When compared to existing machine-learning approaches, the combination of superpixels and deep learning models outperformed the competitors within strong significant levels.
Listeria Robineau-Desvoidy 1863
Creators: name: Evenhuis, Neal L.
name: O'Hara, James E.
name: Pape, Thomas
name: Pont, Adrian C.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2010
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Bacteria
Firmicutes
Bacilli
Bacillales
Listeriaceae
Listeria

description: 286. Listeria Robineau-Desvoidy, 1863b: 600.
 ORIGINALLY INCLUDED SPECIES: Listeria agrestis Robineau-Desvoidy, 1863.
 TYPE SPECIES: Listeria agrestis Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830, by monotypy.
 CURRENT STATUS: Junior synonym of Sarcophaga Meigen, 1826 [teste Pape (1996: 420)].
FAMILY: SARCOPHAGIDAE.
 REMARKS: The type species is here considered as unrecognized in Sarcophaga. Verves (1986: 124, 125) has Listeria campestris Robineau-Desvoidy, 1863 as a valid name in Blaesoxipha Loew, 1861 (in synonymy with Musca lineata Fallén, 1817 of authors and Sarcophaga redempta Pandellé, 1896), but this was an error for Listeria agrestis Robineau-Desvoidy, 1863 according to Verves (1985: 380) [that this correction predates the error was caused by the considerable delay in publishing the Palaearctic Catalogue (i.e., Verves, 1986)]. See further discussion of Listeria Robineau-Desvoidy, 1863 in Pape (1994: 37).
description: Published as part of Evenhuis, Neal L., O'Hara, James E., Pape, Thomas & Pont, Adrian C., 2010, 2373, pp. 1-265 in Zootaxa 2373 on page 100
Minnesota Farm Real Estate Sales: 1990-2014
Creators: name: Taff, Steven J.
name: Taff, Steven J.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: Demand and Price Analysis
Land Economics/Use

description: This report is a summary of the data contained on the farmland sales portion of the Minnesota Land Economics (MLE) web site (http://landeconomics.umn.edu ) as of January 30, 2015. It is formally reissued each year, as new sales data become available. The present document consists largely of graphs and tables summarizing sales over the past twenty-five years. It provides averages at the multi-county region and at the statewide levels of aggregation. Individual transaction data are available for downloading and analysis at the MLE web site.
Exploring the consistency of inferred water shortage vulnerabilities using rival framings of adaptive demands in a multi-actor, multi-sector river basin
Creators: name: Hadjimichael, Antonia
name: Reed, Patrick M.
name: Vernon, Chris R.
name: Thurber, Travis
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021

description: This poster has been presented at the AGU Fall Meeting 2021 Water resources planning has long been challenged by the presence of deep uncertainty in how hydroclimatic and societal factors will evolve. Deep uncertainty is especially present in how individual and collective human preference and action are represented in water resources systems models. Modeling human action is challenging enough when considering historical conditions but becomes most confounding when envisioning human response to previously unexperienced conditions, such as longer droughts or higher temperatures. Bottom-up planning frameworks attempt to overcome this challenge by employing exploratory modeling, which assesses a system under a broad range of plausible states of the world. In this study, we expand on prior work in the Upper Colorado River Basin within the state of Colorado by applying such a bottom-up framework to the individual irrigation demands of hundreds of agricultural water users. The basin supports water supply for several sectors, cities, towns and individuals who vie for water through the doctrine of prior appropriation. Water users in the basin have been adapting to increasingly stressed and uncertain conditions by applying conservation measures, and committing to formal or informal water right trading agreements. Through this exploratory modeling approach, we are able to represent hundreds of adaptive demand decisions for irrigation users in this basin, that vary by their hydrologic condition triggers, demand adjustment levels and the number of users that employ them. These adaptive demands are unique to each user and dynamically change under a large ensemble of hydroclimatic conditions, creating a total of 600,000 so-called “states of the world” for this basin. Through this experiment we explore the capacity (and the limits) of adaptive irrigation demand management through informal water transfers to modulate the effects of drought conditions on the basin’s multisectoral water users both individually and collectively. Our findings can inform water conservation policy, as well as support the establishment of more formal trading mechanisms in the basin and across the state of Colorado.
title: Modeling RIS from Electromagnetic Principles to Communication Systems–Part II: System-Level Simulation, Ray Tracing, and Measurement
Creators: name: Hao, Le
name: Vuyyuru, Sravan K. R.
name: Tretyakov, Sergei A.
name: Salihu, Artan
name: Rupp, Markus
name: Valkonen, Risto
Publisher: name: IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
Year: 2025
Subjects: Reconfigurable intelligent surfaces
Ray Tracing
system-level simulator
Anomalous reflector
6G mobile communication

description: In this paper, we systematically study the electro-magnetic (EM) and communication aspects of a RIS through EM simulations, system-level and ray tracing simulations, and finally measurements. We simulate a nearly perfect, lossless RIS, and a realistic lossy anomalous reflector (AR) in a ray tracer and analyze the large-scale fading of simple RIS-assisted links. We also compare the results with continuous and quantized unit cell reflection phases with one to four-bit resolutions. Finally, we perform over-the-air communication link measurements in an indoor setting with a manufactured sample of a wide-angle AR. The EM, system-level, and ray tracing simulation results show good agreement with the measurement results. It is proved that the introduced macroscopic model of a RIS from the EM aspects is consistent with our proposed communication models, both for an ideal RIS and a realistic AR. The verified system-level simulator and ray tracer for a RIS could be tailored to, e.g., the wireless communication system engineers in the cellular network planning business, providing tools to optimize network performance.
Der Briefbericht des Frater Simon über den Fall von Konstantinopel 1453
Creators: name: Giese, Martina
name: Döring, Karoline D.
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: 870 Italische Literaturen; Lateinische Literatur
subject: 880 Hellenische Literaturen; Klassische griechische Literatur
subject: 930 Geschichte des Altertums bis ca. 499, Archäologie

description: Although claiming the authority of an eye-witness account, frater Simon’s letter is almost certainly a ficticious description of the fall of Constantinople to the Ottoman Turks in 1453. This presumed lack of authenticity has obviously prompted modern scholarship for a long time to be oblivious to this contemporary and exclusive source on the events, preferring well-known and reliable sources such as Leonard of Chios and Isidore of Kiev. However, since frater Simon’s letter has survived in two different versions and ten manuscripts from the 15th century, it is clearly more than a marginal note. Rather is it a remarkable contribution to the literary treatment of the Turkish threat and timeless moral instruction.With his portrayal of the pagan Mehmed II as a just ruler, the recurring moral instructions and the lack of a call to arms. Simon’s text stands out against themyriad of more or less contemporary depictions. In preparation for a critical edition the paper gives an analysis of the text and an overview of the extant manuscripts.
Impact of Access to Healthy Food and Lifestyle on Obesity: The Evidence from U.S. Counties
Creators: name: Ilunga, Yves T.
name: Saghaian, Sayed
name: Ilunga, Yves T.
name: Saghaian, Sayed
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: Health Economics and Policy
subject: Health
subject: Medico economic

description: The intent of the present article is to measure the economic impact of access to healthy food on obesity. This study uses a linear regression econometrics model to achieve this purpose. Obesity is considered as the dependent variable and a number of other factors such as the number and availability of farmers markets and Community Supported Agriculture programs in the U.S., the number and accessibility of fast food restaurants, and the availability of recreation and fitness facilities are considered as independent variables. Using the USDA county level data, the results show that beyond access to healthy food, many other factors explain the observed variations in obesity rates in the model. Moreover, the results indicate that the increase of household income and the increase of full service restaurants both have a negative impact on obesity rate. It was also observed that age plays a significant role in explaining obesity with people over 65 who likely eat healthier than people under the age of 18. This study also discusses the factors contributing to the change in obesity rates in order to promote a quality healthy life.
Corrective lenses for high redshift supernovae
Creators: name: Dalal, Neal
name: Holz, Daniel E.
name: Chen, Xuelei
name: Frieman, Joshua A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Weak lensing of high-redshift Type Ia supernovae induces an external dispersion in their observed standard candle brightnesses, comparable in magnitude to the intrinsic dispersion for redshifts z>1. The same matter fluctuations responsible for the magnification of distant supernovae also generate shear in the images of background galaxies. We investigate the possibility of using lensing shear maps constructed from galaxies surrounding the supernovae as a means of correcting the lensing-induced magnification dispersion. We find that a considerable fraction of the lensing dispersion derives from sub-arcminute scales, which are not probed by shear maps smoothed on arcminute scales. We thus find that weak lensing shear maps will be of only limited value in reducing the weak lensing magnification fluctuations of supernovae.
description: aastex, 3 figures, 11 pages, submitted to ApJL