cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Precise Motion Control of a Space Robot for In-Orbit Close Proximity Manoeuvres
Creators: name: Seddaoui, Asma
Publisher: name: University of Surrey
Year: 2020

description: Space robotic solutions are gaining importance for undertaking in-orbit operations such as maintenance and repair, assembly of large structures, manufacturing and debris removal. The modelling and control of space robots is highly challenging due to (i) the inherent nonlinearities in the system, (ii) the dynamic coupling between the arm and the spacecraft base and (iii) the complex structure of two coupled systems i.e. a six Degree of Freedom (DoF) spacecraft base and an n DoF robotic arm. In addition to the aforementioned challenges, performing a precise motion of a space robot in the presence of environmental disturbances whilst considering the changes in the mass of the spacecraft base due to fuel consumption, is very intricate. Taking into account the above-mentioned challenges, this research is aimed at developing new control methodologies for precise manoeuvring of a space robot to safely capture a target in-orbit. Performing such fine motion control requires high precision manoeuvres by a space robot capable of tracking the grasping point on the target without a priori knowledge of the path to follow, whilst avoiding collisions and singularities. This research introduces a new mode of operation for space robots, defined as the controlled-floating mode. It allows the base of the space robot to move, in a controlled manner, simultaneously and in coordination with the arm to help reach the grasping point through following optimal trajectories for both the arm and its base. Unlike the classical free-flying and free-floating modes of operation, the controlled- floating mode offers extra DoFs, redundancy and unlimited workspace to the robotic arm of the space robot. The space robot, when operated in this mode, is hereafter referred to as the Controlled Floating Space Robot (CFSR). To control the motion of the CFSR, a new adaptive combined nonlinear Hinf controller was designed; it takes into account both external disturbances and internal parametric uncertainties due to the changes in the mass of the spacecraft base. This controller guarantees robustness when compared to the traditional linear controllers, such as the Proportional-Integral-Derivative controller and the Linear Quadratic Regulator. Approaching the target when the grasping point is out of its reach or when the motion of the arm is restricted by singular configurations and obstacles, is a difficult task using the arm's n DoFs only. Hence, in this research, an optimal trajectory generator for both the arm and its base, using a Genetic Algorithm, was developed. This novel algorithm ensures that the selected path is free of singularities and obstacles whilst using minimal energy. This algorithm requires only the Cartesian location of the grasping point, to generate a path for the space robot without a priori knowledge of the desired path.
The effects of endothermal ablation devices on the vein wall : a histological and immunohistochemical examination.
Creators: name: Ashpitel, Henry
Publisher: name: University of Surrey
Year: 2020

description: Varicose veins, often thought as a purely cosmetic issue, are a common symptom resulting from chronic venous insufficiency (CVI). CVI can result in serious fasciocutaneous and haematological complications. In 2013, NICE recommended that the treatment of varicose veins should preferably be carried out by endothermal ablation (ETA). The mechanism of action of ETA is still not fully understood. In 2004 it was suggested that successful treatment must involve transmural vein wall death (TMVD) in the target vein. Through the development of a novel in-vitro¬ model, using ex-vivo veins, the work carried out in this thesis has indicated that TMVD is reliant on a combination of thermal necrosis, followed by the upregulation of apoptosis. The novel model has been used to compare four different ETA techniques; endovenous laser ablation (EVLA) using an 810nm endovenous laser (EVL) with a jacketed fibre, EVLA using a 1470nm EVL with a jacketed fibre, EVLA using a 1470nm EVL with a radial fibre and Radiofrequency-induced Thermo Therapy (RFiTT). The comparisons indicate that treatment with the 810nm EVL is inferior at causing TMVD, in comparison to the 1470nm EVL. Treatment with a radial fibre, compared to a jacketed fibre, when using a 1470nm EVL, shows an improved damage profile that is much more homogenous with less overtreatment of target tissue. Comparisons between RFiTT and EVLA, indicate that treatment with RFiTT is as effective at causing TMVD as the 1470nm EVL with a radial fibre but with differences in the thermal damage profile. These results correlate well with reports from the current literature. However, this novel model has been able to show that the upregulation of apoptosis plays a pivotal role in TMVD after ETA treatment. The results also show that histology is often not sufficient to alone determine the difference between successful and inadequate treatment.
A portfolio of research work, including a thematic analysis of how therapists use their embodied experiences in the therapeutic process.
Creators: name: Kokkalis, Joy
Publisher: name: University of Surrey
Year: 2020

description: This portfolio presents the research component of my work during my five-year training for the Practitioner Doctorate in Psychotherapeutic and Counselling Psychology at the University of Surrey. It comprises of a literature review and two qualitative research studies. My literature review explores the professional and ethical issues in the therapeutic relationship between clients who meet the DSM-5 diagnostic criteria for Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) and trainee counselling psychologists. My first qualitative study then follows on from this review. This empirical research, is an Interpretative-Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) of trainee counselling psychologists’ lived experience of working therapeutically with clients who meet the DSM-5 criteria for BPD. Lastly, my final research project is a Thematic Analysis (T.A.) of how therapists use their own embodied experiences in the therapeutic process.
Assessment of Air pollution Abatement Performances of Green Infrastructure in Open-road Environments
Creators: name: KOOLOTH VALAPPIL, ABHIJITH
Publisher: name: University of Surrey
Year: 2021

description: Green infrastructure (GI) is a potential solution to improve air quality in urban environments. The impact of GI on air quality in micro-environments depend on the extent and complexity of structures at the location as well as GI specific characteristics such as canopy density, species, and leaf features. To assess the benefits of GI, the suitability of various types in micro-environments must be evaluated. The outcomes of these studies expand on existing knowledge of GI effects on air quality, and must lead to GI implementation to reduce exposure and improve public health situated close to roads. This work started with a comprehensive literature review to identify gaps in current knowledge. Field campaigns assessed the air pollution reduction of different types of GI and quantify particulate matter (PM) reduction and their deposition on the leaves of GI. Follow-up investigations evaluated respiratory deposition doses (RDD) in the presence of different GI types. The hedges and hedge-tree combinations displayed the highest PM reduction in open-road environments. GI was found to be more effective in reducing exposure when winds are parallel to the road. GI also reduced traffic-originated elements in the ambient air behind them. Furthermore, PM deposition on leaves varied across sides of hedges. The majority of traffic-generated PM were captured on leaves facing traffic. In addition, the study revealed that GI is effective in reducing inhaled doses and recommends planting GI along the boundaries of public parks and recreational areas. The highest reduction in RDD was observed with a tree-hedge combination. The findings were used to develop preliminary guidelines for GI design to reduce air pollution in urban environments. GI recommendations address common people, governing authorities, city developers, traffic planners, and the scientific community. Multilevel implementation can be achieved from authorities adopting existing air pollution management policies to citizens modifying garden design.
Advanced adjuvants for antibody production.
Creators: name: Rooney, Matthew C.O.
Publisher: name: University of Surrey
Year: 2020

description: Vaccination has significantly reduced the rates of mortality and morbidity however the adjuvants used in modern vaccines preferentially prime the immune response towards specific outcomes that may be disadvantageous. The adjuvant efficiency of the well-established cationic liposomal formulation dimethyldioctadecylammonium-salt (DDA) and trehalose-D-(+)-dibehenate (TDB) with and without encapsulated N-acetyl cysteine (NAC) is explored. The antioxidant NAC reduces disulphide bonds and is a precursor of glutathione. This can be used to influence the immune response by countering reactive oxygen species (ROS) that are key for both innate and adaptive immune responses. Dendritic cells (DCs) are specialised antigen-presenting cells (APCs) and are one of the first involved in humoral immunity. Herein, a representative mouse bone marrow derived DC model for testing the effects of ROS modulators and antigens with DDA:TDB or DDA:TDB-NAC was examined. DDA:TDB-NAC with the test antigen ovalbumin was less toxic and increased cellular pH and activation markers compared to the DDA:TDB formulation. No difference in titre of IgG antibodies to OVA was observed between the two formulations in vivo. NADPH oxidase 2 (NOX2) generates ROS in phagosomes alkalinizing the lumen and altering the activity of proteolytic processing enzymes cathepsins. This changes the degree of antigen processing and potentially immune response. In this study NOX2 deficient DCs did not mature as effectively, possibly due to reduced uptake and changes in pH. DDA:TDB adjuvant formulations were examined using di-sulphide crosslinked collagen II as an antigen to improve a rheumatoid arthritis model. They were more effective than Freund’s regarding cytokine release and IgG1 production however arthritic severity scoring was decreased. Due to its nature the production of antibodies against lipoarabinomannan from tuberculosis is challenging. The possibility of DDA:TDB-Lipoarabinomannan nanoparticles were evaluated and successful binding of LAM to the surface of DDA:TDB was demonstrated along with preferential uptake by DCs.
A relational approach to perinatal distress
Creators: name: ENLANDER, ABIGAIL GILL
Publisher: name: University of Surrey
Year: 2021

description: Background: Theoretical approaches have tended to understand perinatal distress through either individual or socio-cultural factors. Mauthner (1994) proposed a relational model which understands perinatal distress in the context of interpersonal relationships. This study aims to explore the question of how women’s relationships connect to their narratives of distress and recovery in the perinatal period.
description: Methods: Eight women were interviewed for the study. All women had at least one child under the age of three and self-identified as having experienced distress in the perinatal period Interviews were recorded, transcribed and analysed using Voice Centred Relational Analysis.
description: Results: Four broad themes were identified (i) the role of practical support, (ii) the role of emotional support, (iii) relational dynamics, (iv) the role of socio-cultural norms. Each theme was explored in relation to women’s narratives of distress and recovery.
description: Conclusions: Findings suggested that whilst some women experienced practical and emotional support in their relationships, those who did not linked a lack of support to their feelings of distress. Relationships were also found to reinforce unhelpful social norms around motherhood and mental health, as well as offering a space to resist norms and create wider discourses about what it means to be a mother."
Gut Ding will Weile haben – Die Gleichstellung der Frau als integraler Bestandteil der ländlichen Kommunalentwicklung in Nordlaos
Creators: name: Hager, Jörg
Publisher: name: südostasien – Zeitschrift für Politik • Kultur • Dialog
Year: 2018

description: In den ländlichen Gebieten der Provinz Oudomxay können zwischen 40 und 99 Prozent der Frauen weder lesen noch schreiben. Teilweise sind sie nicht einmal der laotischen Sprache mächtig.
description: südostasien – Zeitschrift für Politik • Kultur • Dialog, Bd. 25 Nr. 2 (2009): Ohne Moos nichts los? – Entwicklungszusammenarbeit und Armutsbekämpfung kritisch betrachtet
Loading rate effect on mechanical properties of cervical spine ligaments
Creators: name: Trajkovski, Ana
name: Omerovic, Senad
name: Krasna, Simon
name: Prebil, Ivan
Publisher: name: Institute of Machine Design and Operation, Wrocław University of Technology, Wrocław
Year: 2014
Subjects: biomechanics, cervical spine, failure, ligaments, loading rate

description: Acta of Bioengineering and Biomechanics; 03/2014; ISSN 1509-409X
Three dimensional finite element analysis of a novel osteointegrated dental implant designed to reduce stress peak of cortical bone
Creators: name: Li, Zheng
name: Jinsong, Yang
name: Xuefeng, Hu
name: Jiaoming, Luo
Publisher: name: Institute of Machine Design and Operation, Wrocław University of Technology, Wrocław
Year: 2014
Subjects: FEA, CT, dental implant, design, cervical cortex, stress distribution

description: Acta of Bioengineering and Biomechanics; 03/2014; ISSN 1509-409X
The antecedent and functions of group-based moral emotions.
Creators: name: Noon, Daniel
Publisher: name: University of Surrey
Year: 2020

description: Theories in moral psychology have considered the role of emotions and group processes in conserving moral norms by regulating the behaviours of individual group members (Ellemers, 2017; Keltner & Haidt, 1999). Across six studies, the current thesis examined the multiple ways that group-based emotions function to change moral norms, such as by motivating distinct collective behaviours towards transgressing outgroups, reducing commitment to a transgressing ingroup, and signalling universal values. Using survey methods, the first two studies examined the role of group-based emotion in collective behaviour and provided support the claim that feelings of anger and disgust differ from guilt and shame since these emotions were found to become more intense and more positively related to ingroup identification in intergroup contexts compared to the intragroup settings. The findings also support the claim that intergroup anger and disgust are distinct since it was found that anger was predicted by an appraisal of the group action and was related to increase normative collective action while disgust was predicted by an appraisal of the group character as flawed and was related to non-normative action. In the third study, participants were presented with a national transgression with the aim to understand the role of group-based emotion in self-regulation. Unlike anger and disgust, it was found that moderately identified group members felt more guilt and shame than high or low ingroup identifiers. However, anger and disgust were related to greater disidentification from the ingroup. This suggests that anger and disgust during intragroup settings, motivate psychologically distancing oneself from the transgressing group. Lastly, the study considered the role of expressing group-based disgust in signalling universal moral values. It was consistently shown that group-based feelings of disgust signalled more universal moral values than individual level emotions. Overall, the studies demonstrate the multiple functions which emotions serve in response to moral transgressions which may have implications for policy makers and stakeholders who want to encourage political action.
Nachrichten
Creators: name: Knappe, Eberhard
name: Wünsch, Susanne
Publisher: name: südostasien – Zeitschrift für Politik • Kultur • Dialog
Year: 2018

description: Nachrichten aus der Region.
description: südostasien – Zeitschrift für Politik • Kultur • Dialog, Bd. 25 Nr. 2 (2009): Ohne Moos nichts los? – Entwicklungszusammenarbeit und Armutsbekämpfung kritisch betrachtet
Influence of photopolymerization parameters on the mechanical properties of polymer - ceramic composites applied in the conservative dentistry
Creators: name: Pieniak, Daniel
name: Niewczas, Agata M.
name: Walczak, Mariusz
name: Zamościńska, Jolanta
Publisher: name: Institute of Machine Design and Operation, Wrocław University of Technology, Wrocław
Year: 2014
Subjects: materials for dental fillings, polymer-ceramic composites, flexural strength, microhardness

description: Acta of Bioengineering and Biomechanics; 03/2014; ISSN 1509-409X
Ein wunderbares Debüt
Creators: name: Geske-Scholz, Brigitte
Publisher: name: südostasien – Zeitschrift für Politik • Kultur • Dialog
Year: 2018

description: Buchbesprechung von: Nam Le, Im Boot. Claassen Verlag. ISBN 978-3-546-00442-8.
description: südostasien – Zeitschrift für Politik • Kultur • Dialog, Bd. 25 Nr. 2 (2009): Ohne Moos nichts los? – Entwicklungszusammenarbeit und Armutsbekämpfung kritisch betrachtet
Die Mogelpackung – Grundlagen und Kritik der Entwicklungszusammenarbeit
Creators: name: Weydmann, Nicole
name: Großmann, Kristina
Publisher: name: südostasien – Zeitschrift für Politik • Kultur • Dialog
Year: 2018

description: Die Autorinnen äußern Zweifel und Bedenken gegenüber der Entwicklungszusammenarbeit. Sie stellen die Frage: Gibt es noch die kleine idealistisch motivierte NGO, die trotz all der Lügen und Korruption in der Welt tapfer ihre Segel in den Wind hält und allen Widerständen trotzt?
description: südostasien – Zeitschrift für Politik • Kultur • Dialog, Bd. 25 Nr. 2 (2009): Ohne Moos nichts los? – Entwicklungszusammenarbeit und Armutsbekämpfung kritisch betrachtet
The Quest for environmentally sustainable transport development
Creators: name: Langeland, Anders
Publisher: name: Proceedings from the Annual Transport Conference at Aalborg University
Year: 2009

description: This paper describe a study of the land use and transport planning in four cities1 that are renown and prize awarded for their sustainable development efforts: Kristiansand (Norway), Aalborg (Denmark), Norwich (England) and Davis (California, USA). The four cities were compared cross borders and lessons were drawn. The focus of the project has been to explore how land use and transport planning have been used to achieve environmentally sustainable transport (EST)2 in cities: “Transportation that does not endanger public health or ecosystems and meets mobility needs consistent with • use of renewable resources at below their rates of regeneration • use of non-renewable resources at below the rates of development of renewable substitutes.” The research question asked was: How can land use and transport planning be used to create / increase environmentally sustainable transport in cities, what are the barriers for sustainable transport development and what promotes such development? The project aimed at answering these questions: • How was the connection and interaction between land use and transport in the cities? What effect did planning and policy exert on the choice of transport mode? Was the development caused by a deliberate policy and was it sustainable, and in case how and why • How could the observed land use and transport development be explained? What were the factors facilitating cycling, walking and public transport; and what were the factors inhibiting more sustainable transport development? • What if any, are the lessons from the case cities for other medium sized cities in Europe?
description: Proceedings from the Annual Transport Conference at Aalborg University, Vol. 1 No. 1 (2009): Proceedings from the Annual Transport Conference at Aalborg University
Entwicklung reloaded – Die ADB bekämpft die Krise mit altbekannten Mitteln
Creators: name: Bey, Ulrike
Publisher: name: südostasien – Zeitschrift für Politik • Kultur • Dialog
Year: 2018

description: Das NGO-Forum zur ADB 1 reagierte »schockiert« auf die Kapitalerhöhung der Asiatischen Entwicklungsbank Anfang Mai. Dies sei ein »zynischer Versuch, die gegenwärtige Krise zu nutzen, den verrufenen Entwicklungsansatz großer Infrastrukturprojekte wieder zu fördern.«
description: südostasien – Zeitschrift für Politik • Kultur • Dialog, Bd. 25 Nr. 2 (2009): Ohne Moos nichts los? – Entwicklungszusammenarbeit und Armutsbekämpfung kritisch betrachtet
Structural Change and Digital Transformation in Chinese Food Retailing
Creators: name: Han, Zhi
Publisher: name: University of Surrey
Year: 2023

description: China’s food retailing sector has experienced wide-ranging market restructuring and digital transformation during the past decade (circa. 2012-2022). As transnational retailers were declining and increasingly divesting from the Chinese market, increasingly powerful digital platform firms entered the traditional store-based food retail market and promoted an omni-channel transformation of the sector. Such market dynamism makes China’s food retail market worthy of study and represents a contemporary context in many ways overlooked by economic geographers and cognate business studies scholars in recent years.

description:

description: The overarching aim of this thesis is to conceptualise the development of China’s retailing economy during the 2010s, advancing the understanding of its structural change and digital transformations. More specifically, the research explores three particular trends that emerged during the past decade, which lead to three distinct, but related, empirical studies. These trends encompass the decline of food retail transnational corporations (TNCs) and their divestment from the Chinese market; the rapid growth of the import cross-border e-commerce (CBEC) industry and its fast-changing institutional environment; and the rise of digital platform firms and their role in the nationwide omni-channel retail transformation across food retailing.

description:

description: The empirical data that supports the thesis comes from forty semi-structured interviews with key informants, including senior executives from traditional store-based retailing chains and digital platforms, government officials, experienced industry consultants, and academic researchers. Importantly, the primary data were also complemented and triangulated by a wide range of secondary quantitative and qualitative materials, which encompassed information gathered from industry databases and publications, media reports, statistical yearbooks, company annual reports and official websites.

description:

description: The first empirical study contributes to the economic geography literature relating to retail globalisation by reconceptualising the evolving processes of territorial embeddedness of food retail TNCs, as the key competencies that had initially propelled them to success have atrophied in the face of a rapidly developing host market. The second empirical study conceptualises the industrial and institutional co-evolution of the Chinese import cross-border e-commerce (CBEC) industry over the past decade. The third empirical study conceptualises contrasting business models established by leading Platform Business Groups (‘PBGs’) to inform our understanding of the omni-channel transformation of the Chinese food retail market.
So ein Dilemma: Zwischen Nachhaltigkeit und Abhängigkeit – Der Konflikt in der Entwicklungszusammenarbeit
Creators: name: Bunjamin, Simon
Publisher: name: südostasien – Zeitschrift für Politik • Kultur • Dialog
Year: 2018

description: Mit der Agenda 21 und der Definition der Millenniumsziele wurde der globale Auftrag formuliert, durch eine nachhaltige Entwicklungspolitik die sozialen, ökonomischen und ökologischen Lebensbedingungen zu verbessern.
description: südostasien – Zeitschrift für Politik • Kultur • Dialog, Bd. 25 Nr. 2 (2009): Ohne Moos nichts los? – Entwicklungszusammenarbeit und Armutsbekämpfung kritisch betrachtet
Transport i klimaplanen
Creators: name: Wrisberg, Hanne Hansen
Publisher: name: Proceedings from the Annual Transport Conference at Aalborg University
Year: 2009

description: Mange kommuner oplever, at det kan være vanskeligt at gøre noget ved CO2 udslip fra trans- port fordi den i høj grad afhænger af individbaseret adfærd og fordi vi også ønsker høj grad af mobilitet i samfundet. Mange af de virkemidler, der har været kendt og anvendt gennem mange år indenfor trafik- og miljøplanlægning, har imidlertid også en positiv effekt på CO2-udledningen, men CO2-effekten af de enkelte virkemidler har kun i meget lille omfang været direkte dokumenterede. Derfor har der været behov for at indsamle viden om dokumenterede erfaringer med virkemidlers effekt på CO2-udledningen, for at kvalificere forslag til virkemidler og vurderingen af virkemidlers potentiale.
description: Proceedings from the Annual Transport Conference at Aalborg University, Vol. 1 No. 1 (2009): Proceedings from the Annual Transport Conference at Aalborg University
Keine Illusionen bitte!: Armut, Nahrungsmittelkrise und die globale Rezession in Südostasien – Ein Konferenzbericht
Creators: name: Ananta, Aris
name: Rudolf, Robert
name: Priebe, Jan
Publisher: name: südostasien – Zeitschrift für Politik • Kultur • Dialog
Year: 2018

description: Die Ärmsten der Armen werden jene sein, welche unter der derzeitigen Wirtschafts- und Finanzkrise am stärksten leiden werden. Soviel steht fest. Wenn überhaupt, verfügen sie nur über wenig Erspartes und werden daher gezwungen sein, lebenswichtige Ausgaben für Nahrung, Bildung und Gesundheit zu kürzen - mit negativen Konsequenzen, die über Generationen hinaus wirken werden.
description: südostasien – Zeitschrift für Politik • Kultur • Dialog, Bd. 25 Nr. 2 (2009): Ohne Moos nichts los? – Entwicklungszusammenarbeit und Armutsbekämpfung kritisch betrachtet
Pendling på cykel i Københavnsområdet
Creators: name: Lukassen, Jimmy Valentin
name: Djupdræt, Ulrik
Publisher: name: Proceedings from the Annual Transport Conference at Aalborg University
Year: 2009

description: Københavns Kommunes mål er, at halvdelen af pendlingen til arbejds- og uddannelsespladser i København foregår på cykel i 2015. For at opnå dette arbejder kommunen løbende på at forbedre cyklistforholdene. Som noget nyt har kommunen fået udarbejdet en analyse af, hvordan udvalgte cykelstier, der er oplagte til pendling, kan forbedres over længere strækninger. Resultatet skal kun betragtes som eksempler på linjeføring og tiltag, og undersøgelsen dækker både København og flere omegnskommuner. Første skridt er en screening af 13 ruter, som er beskrevet i dette paper. Næste skridt er et samarbejde mellem de berørte kommuner om hvilke ruter der skal satses på, og hvilke kvalitetsniveau de skal have.
description: Proceedings from the Annual Transport Conference at Aalborg University, Vol. 1 No. 1 (2009): Proceedings from the Annual Transport Conference at Aalborg University
Inhalt und Impressum
Creators: name: Redaktion, Die
Publisher: name: südostasien – Zeitschrift für Politik • Kultur • Dialog
Year: 2018

description: südostasien – Zeitschrift für Politik • Kultur • Dialog, Bd. 25 Nr. 2 (2009): Ohne Moos nichts los? – Entwicklungszusammenarbeit und Armutsbekämpfung kritisch betrachtet
Samfundsøkonomiske analyser af cykeltiltag
Creators: name: Willumsen, Eva
name: Herby, Jonas
name: Røhl, Andreas
Publisher: name: Proceedings from the Annual Transport Conference at Aalborg University
Year: 2009

description: Københavns Kommune har en ambition om, at København skal være verdens bedste cykelby. Der er i 2006-2010 afsat 185 mio. kr. til specifikke cykelprojekter. Midlerne er blandt andet gået til etablering af cykelstier, cykelruter, cykelparkering og en stor adfærdskampagne. Endvidere har kommunen sat sig en række mål for 2015 for at øge omfanget af cykling i kommunen, øge trygheden og reducere antallet af uheld. Der findes ikke en forankret metode til at vurdere og opgøre de samfundsøkonomiske konsekvenser af cykeltiltag i Danmark. Transportministeriets manual for samfundsøkonomisk analyse indeholder således ikke anbefalinger rettet mod cykeltrafik, og der eksisterer derfor ikke et officielt metodegrundlag for evaluering af cykeltiltag. For at kunne behandle cykeltrafikken på lige fod med de øvrige transportformer og forbedre beslutningstageres muligheder for at prioritere på transportområdet er der derfor behov for et bedre planlægningsgrundlag på cykelområdet. Københavns Kommune bad derfor COWI om at gennemføre et projekt om samfundsøkonomiske analyser af cykeltiltag. Formålet med projektet var at: • Etablere et første metodegrundlag i form af enhedsværdier til brug for samfundsøkonomiske analyser af cykeltiltag. • Med udgangspunkt i de etablerede enhedsværdier gennemføre to samfundsøkonomiske casevurderinger (Bryggebroen og krydset i Gyldenløvsgade). • Vurdere systemeffekter af cykeltiltag. Der er - specielt for nogle af effekterne - tale om overordnede vurderinger af enhedsværdierne baseret på eksisterende materiale og skønsmæssige antagelser i det omfang, at det eksisterende materiale ikke har været tilstrækkeligt. Resultaterne skal derfor ses som et foreløbigt overslag over enhedsværdier på området. Hele projektet er afrapporteret i en rapport, som er tilgængelig fra Københavns Kommune. Rapporten har titlen " Samfundsøkonomiske analyser af cykeltiltag - metode og cases", januar 2009. En række elementer i rapporten er kun gennemgået overfladisk i dette paper. Læseren henvises derfor til rapporten for en detaljeret gennemgang af de nævnte projektkomponenter.
description: Proceedings from the Annual Transport Conference at Aalborg University, Vol. 1 No. 1 (2009): Proceedings from the Annual Transport Conference at Aalborg University
Asienhaus-Bibliothek: Neueingänge
Creators: name: Redaktion, Die
Publisher: name: südostasien – Zeitschrift für Politik • Kultur • Dialog
Year: 2018

description: südostasien – Zeitschrift für Politik • Kultur • Dialog, Bd. 25 Nr. 3 (2009): 1-2-3, letzte Chance vorbei? Lebenschancen in Südostasien
Evalueringer af tryghed, adfærd og registrerede konflikter i cykelprojekter i København
Creators: name: Eriksson, Anne
Publisher: name: Proceedings from the Annual Transport Conference at Aalborg University
Year: 2009

description: Vi ønsker at flere bruger cyklen i København. Borgerrepræsentationen har i Miljømetropolen (www.kk.dk/miljoemetropolen) formuleret ambitiøse mål på cykelområdet. I 2015 skal 50% af al transport til og fra arbejde og uddannelse foregå på cykel. 80% af cyklisterne skal føle sig trygge ved at cykle i byen og vi skal have halveret antallet af dræbte og alvorligt tilskadekomne cyklister i forhold til 2007. Hvordan opnår vi dette? Ja, det har vi heldigvis et cykelsekretariat i Center for trafik som tager sig godt af. Aktivitetsniveauet er højt og det er politikernes fokus også. Der er ønske om mange synlige projekter på cykelområdet, gerne i form af forbedringer på gader og stier. Til at ”tage temperaturen” på hvordan det går med at nå målene bliver der udført evalueringer og målinger. Hvert andet år præsenterer cykelsekretariatet et Cykelregnskab, som bygger på telefoninterviews, trafik- og uheldsdata og andre nøgletal. Her fremgår det hvad cyklisterne synes om snerydning, cykelstiernes bredde og generelt om tryghed, og vi kan se udviklingen på uheldsområdet. Cykelregnskabet er et udmærket redskab til at vise os selve og omverden hvilken vej det går. Men vi har også brug for metoder til at evaluere projekter på et mere detaljeret plan. Dette paper beskriver tre forskellige typer evalueringer af tre forskellige, nyligt udførte mindre projekter.
description: Proceedings from the Annual Transport Conference at Aalborg University, Vol. 1 No. 1 (2009): Proceedings from the Annual Transport Conference at Aalborg University
Automated Primary Particle Sizing of Nanoparticle Aggregates by TEM Image Analysis
Creators: name: Dastanpour, Ramin
name: Boone, Jocelyne M.
name: Rogak, Steven
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2018

description: Nanoparticle aggregates formed in colloidal or aerosol processes have complex morphologies. Soot, for example, is formed as aggregates of primary particles. Soot properties are influenced by the diameter (𝑑p) and the arrangement of its constitutive primary particles. Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) is commonly used for the characterization of agglomerates’ morphology, but manual analysis of the micrographs is extremely labour-intensive. Here, a new method is developed for automatic determination of the average primary particles diameter based on the variation of the 2-D pair correlation function P(𝑟) at distances 𝑟 measured from the main skeleton of the aggregates. It is assumed that P∗ = P(𝑑p/2) is nearly constant. The method has been applied to numerical agglomerates and real soot aggregates collected from several operating conditions of a gasoline direct injection engine and a heavy-duty compressionignition engine. Using a constant value for P∗ determined from the analysis of TEM images results in primary particle sizing errors (relative to manual sizing) of ~13% for single aggregates. The ensemble-mean values of 𝑑p for manual and automatic sizing differed by ~4%.
Hvordan kan man udnytter al tilgængelig information når et infrastrukturprojekt skal vurderes?
Creators: name: Jensen, Anders Vestergaard
Publisher: name: Proceedings from the Annual Transport Conference at Aalborg University
Year: 2009

description: Normalt når der vurderes infrastrukturprojekter i Danmark, anvendes en samfundsøkonomisk analyse der indeholder de effekter der kan beskrives monetært. Størrelsen på de relevante effekter vurderes for hvert alternativ og en enhedspris anvendes til at fastslå den samlede monetære størrelse af effekten. Dette er yderst praktisk idet en fælles måle‐enhed (kroner) dermed opnås. Men det er ikke altid muligt at beskrive samtlige effekter i monetære enheder, derfor skelnes der mellem monetære og ikke‐ monetære effekter. De yderlige effekter der ikke kan beskrives i monetære enheder kan have stor betydning for vurdering af infrastruktur anlæg. Flere miljø effekter kan f.eks. være svære eller umulige at sætte en monetær enhed på. Det vil derfor være relevant at inddrage disse effekter i beslutningsprocessen for at få en mere helhedsorienteret proces (se bl.a. HEATCO, 2006 og UITP, 2009). Dette papir beskriver en vurderingsmetodik der kan håndtere en helhedsorienteret tilgang til en vurdering af infrastrukturprojekter. Metoden sigter imod at inddrage al den tilgængelige information der måtte være om projektet, og anvende denne information til at skabe et overblik over de evt. alternativer der måtte være. Tilgangen er både helhedsorienteret med respekt til effekterne, men også til aktører. Metoden tillader nemlig at beslutningstagerne kan inddrage adskillige aktører med hver deres værdier og holdninger. Først vil metode blive beskrevet trin for trin og derefter vil metoden blive illustrerede ved at beskrive et eksempel på implementering af metoden. Eksemplet stammer fra Sverige og er behandlet i et forskningsprojekt der bl.a. er finansierede af det svenske statslige forskningsråd VINNOVA. I projektet undersøges alternativer til udbygning af en højhastighedsbane mellem Norrköping og Bäckeby.
description: Proceedings from the Annual Transport Conference at Aalborg University, Vol. 1 No. 1 (2009): Proceedings from the Annual Transport Conference at Aalborg University
Neues aus dem Asienhaus
Creators: name: Redaktion, Die
Publisher: name: südostasien – Zeitschrift für Politik • Kultur • Dialog
Year: 2018

description: südostasien – Zeitschrift für Politik • Kultur • Dialog, Bd. 25 Nr. 3 (2009): 1-2-3, letzte Chance vorbei? Lebenschancen in Südostasien
Water Treatment and Purification Using Derived Natural Clay Nanocomposites: A Route to the Removal of Pollutant Ions in Potable Water
Creators: name: Watte Vidanelage, Dinesha Priyadarshani
Publisher: name: University of Surrey
Year: 2024
Subjects: Water pollution, Water purification, Nature-inspired approach, Metakaolinite, Nano/microcomposite, Alpha-alumina

description: Millions of people die annually due to waterborne diseases showing the world’s leading killer is water-borne diseases. Though the earth is covered mainly with water, only a tiny fraction of water is safe for human consumption that get rapidly polluted than the natural recovery rate. Number of water pollutants can be identified such as inorganic anions, heavy metals, organic compounds, microplastics and microorganisms. One of the prevailing challenges in existing water purifying methods is the inability to remove heavy metals and arsenic (inorganic anions and cations) in a one-step process at a lower cost with minimal energy when trace concentrations are present. It was identified that a promising solution should be equipped with following characteristics: the ability to uptake interested pollutants, no/fewer health implications, eco-friendliness, cost-effectiveness and able to perform in high environmental temperatures (⁓ 40 ℃). Focusing on nature inspired approach, Kaolin clay was chosen as main precursor. More reactive metakaolinite was derived from the natural clay and a nano/microcomposite was synthesised with alpha alumina (MK/Al). It is assumed that since metakaolinite is a porous material with both negatively and positively charged sites, it exhibits an ability to attract both anions and cations, and trap bigger pollutants. Research focus was directed towards understanding the structure of the material, the ability to decontaminate As(V) and Fluoride (inorganic anions), and the ability to decontaminate Pb(II) and Cd(II) (heavy metals). Variation of the pollutant uptake with different conditions such as temperature and pH were investigated followed by the isotherm model analysis with Langmuir, Freundlich and Dubinin-Radushkevich models. Designing the experiments were mainly involved with batch experiments while preliminary studies were carried out for fixed-bed column experiments. As hypothesised, MK/Al nano/microcomposite showed excellent ability to remove As(V), Fluoride, Pb(II) and Cd(II). More importantly, the nano/microcomposite MK/Al showed the aforementioned characteristics of a promising candidate for the water treatment. This research talks about a novel material and introduces many research areas in material designing and field applications towards household and mass water treatment strategies.
Beslutningsforløb for store trafikanlæg i Danmark
Creators: name: Kristiansen, Jørgen
Publisher: name: Proceedings from the Annual Transport Conference at Aalborg University
Year: 2009

description: Sigtet med dette paper er at diskutere beslutningsforløb og planlægningsmetodik for større trafikanlæg. Dette eksemplificeres ved udbygningen af banenettet i Vestdanmark set i sammenhæng med forslaget til en fast forbindelse over Kattegat. Paperet tager udgangspunkt i og belyser følgende to iagttagelser om det transportpolitiske beslutningsforløb for henholdsvis den jyske længdebane1 og en fast Kattegatforbindelse: • I 1995-97 gennemførte det på daværende tidspunkt nedsatte ”Baneplanudvalg” en analyse af behovet for modernisering af den jyske længdebane. Resultaterne af analysen blev publiceret i rapporten ”Modernisering af jernbanens hovednet” (Trafikministeriet, april 1997). Denne analyse er ikke blevet videreført eller indarbejdet i senere transportpolitiske analyser og initiativer, hverken i forbindelse med Transportrådets aktiviteter der ophørte i 2001, eller i det omfattende udredningsarbejde der blev gennemført i 2007 af Infrastrukturkommissionen. • I efteråret 2008 blev der fremlagt to forskellige konsulentrapporter (”Niras rapporten” og ”Rambøll rapporten”) om en fast Kattegatforbindelse via Samsø. Disse to rapporter ledte frem til meget modstridende konklusioner vedrørende den økonomiske bæredygtighed for dette projekt. Niras rapportens konklusion har dannet grundlag for Regeringens beslutning om ikke at indarbejde Kattegatforbindelsen i sine overvejelser og trafikinvesteringsplan. Derimod har en fast Kattegatforbindelse opbakning fra Region Midtjylland som initierede Rambøll rapporten. Den i forlængelse heraf etablerede Kattegatkomité tog initiativ til en tredje rapport (udført af konsulent- konsortiet Grontmij/Carl Bro og Damwad), som blev præsenteret i oktober 2009. Denne rapport pegede på en række positive dynamiske effekter af at bygge en fast Kattegatforbindelse, og anbefalede at disse effekter bliver taget i regning i en mere omfattende økonomisk vurdering af projektet.
description: Proceedings from the Annual Transport Conference at Aalborg University, Vol. 1 No. 1 (2009): Proceedings from the Annual Transport Conference at Aalborg University
Nachrichten
Creators: name: Benteler, Manuel
name: Breininger, Lilli
name: Trapp, K.
Publisher: name: südostasien – Zeitschrift für Politik • Kultur • Dialog
Year: 2019

description: Nachrichten aus der Region.
description: südostasien – Zeitschrift für Politik • Kultur • Dialog, Bd. 25 Nr. 3 (2009): 1-2-3, letzte Chance vorbei? Lebenschancen in Südostasien
Kommissorium for strategisk analyse af udbygningsmulighederne i hovedstadsområdet
Creators: name: Jørgensen, Thomas
Publisher: name: Proceedings from the Annual Transport Conference at Aalborg University
Year: 2009

description: Regeringen og forligspartierne blev i forbindelse med aftalen om en grøn transportpolitik i januar 2009 enige om at gennemføre to strategiske analyser af udbygningsmulighederne i hovedstadsområdet og Østjylland.
description: Proceedings from the Annual Transport Conference at Aalborg University, Vol. 1 No. 1 (2009): Proceedings from the Annual Transport Conference at Aalborg University
Illicit drug overdose deaths resulting from income assistance payments : analysis of the ‘check effect’ using daily mortality data
Creators: name: Otterstatter, Michael C.
name: Amlani, Ashraf
name: Guan, Tianxiu Hugh
name: Richardson, Lindsey, 1977-
name: Buxton, Jane A.
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2017

description: Background Although income assistance is an important source of support for low income individuals, there is evidence that adverse outcomes may increase when payments are disbursed on the same day for all recipients. The objective of this study was to assess the temporal patterns and causal relation between population-level illicit drug overdose deaths and income assistance payments using daily mortality data for British Columbia over a period of five years. Methods Retrospective data on daily mortality due to illicit drug overdose, 2009 to 2013, were provided by the BC Coroners Service. These data were analyzed using regression models and time series tests for causality in relation to dates of income assistance payments. Results 1343 deaths due to illicit drug overdose were reported in BC during 2009-2013; 394 occurred during cheque weeks (n=60) and 949 occurred during non-cheque weeks (n=202). Average weekly mortality due to illicit drug overdose was 40% higher during weeks of income assistance payments compared to weeks without payments (P < 0.001). Consistent increases in mortality appeared the day after cheque disbursement and were significantly higher for two days, and marginally higher after 3 days, even when controlling for other temporal trends. Granger causality testing suggests the timing of cheque issue was causally linked to increased drug overdose mortality (P < 0.001). Conclusions Our findings clarify the temporal relation and causal impact of income assistance payments on illicit drug deaths. We estimate 77 avoidable deaths were attributable to the synchronized disbursement of income assistance cheques over the five year period. An important consideration is whether varying the timing of payments among recipients could reduce this excess mortality and the related demands on health and social services
Zwischen zwei Welten – Die Manobo in Agusan del Sur auf dem Prüfstand der Globalisierung
Creators: name: Pohlmann, Kai
Publisher: name: südostasien – Zeitschrift für Politik • Kultur • Dialog
Year: 2018

description: Die indigenen Manobo leben hauptsächlich in Agusan del Sur, einer Region in Ost-Mindanao, in den Bergen und im Einflussbereich des Agusan Flusses. Zu diesem Land haben sie seit Jahrhunderten eine besondere Beziehung, die sich in ihrem Respekt gegenüber der Natur sowie ihrem Wissen um den Nutzen dieses Landes und der sich dort befindlichen Ressourcen ausdrückt. Um das Überleben der Manobo-Kultur zu sichern, ist es besonders wichtig, das Land und die lokalen Ressourcen für die traditionelle Bewirtschaftung zu erhalten.
description: südostasien – Zeitschrift für Politik • Kultur • Dialog, Bd. 25 Nr. 3 (2009): 1-2-3, letzte Chance vorbei? Lebenschancen in Südostasien
Interaction between vitamin D supplementation and sunlight exposure in women living in opposite latitudes (the D-SOL study).
Creators: name: Mendes, Marcela M
Publisher: name: University of Surrey
Year: 2020

description: Vitamin D deficiency is associated with detrimental effects on bone health and is currently a major global public health issue, with increasing prevalence in both low and high latitude locations. Vitamin D can be synthesised in the skin via sunlight exposure as well as ingested through diet. This study aimed to investigate the interaction and relative contribution of vitamin D supplementation and individual sunlight exposure in raising vitamin D levels above recognized vitamin D cut-off points for deficiency/sufficiency, throughout winter, in ethnically identical adult women living in opposite latitudes. Within two parallel randomized controlled trials (RCT), 135 Brazilian women, (England, n=56, 51˚N; Brazil, n=79, 16˚S), were randomized to receive daily 15 μg vitamin D3 supplements or placebo, for 12 weeks. Oral vitamin D supplementation of 15 μg daily was significantly effective compared to placebo at raising 25(OH)D concentrations over winter, regardless of latitude, and response was dependent on initial 25(OH)D concentrations. Individual UV radiation level was strongly correlated with 25(OH)D concentrations. In both latitudes, supplementation prevented the seasonal concomitant increase in plasma parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels. This research shows: 1) an optimal vitamin D status for bone health around 70-80 nmol/l; 2) the required UV radiation to achieve this status was 1.5 SED; 3) the vitamin D dietary intakes required to achieve these serum levels are 4.5 μg/d at a low and 37 μg/d at higher latitude respectively, with a lower intake of 12 μg/d sufficient to achieve 50 nmol/l in high latitudes. The strength of these results is the novel analysis that directly links human in vivo individual sunlight radiation, increased vitamin D intake and 25(OH)D concentrations, within two parallel RCTs in opposite latitudes. This study demonstrates that a daily supplement of 15 μg vitamin D3 is an effective strategy to significantly raise vitamin D concentrations throughout the winter months in adult females, with important implications for bone health through the concomitant lowering of PTH, regardless of latitude.