cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Vectores potenciales de Xylella fastidiosa en España. Posibles estrategias de control
Creators: name: Morente, Marina
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Philaenus spumarius, Neophilaenus campestris, olivar, control

description: La bacteria Xylella fastidiosa es un patógeno ampliamente conocido en el continente americano desde hace más de 100 años donde causa enfermedades de gran importancia en numerosos cultivos. Las más destacadas son la enfermedad de Pierce (PD) en viñedo y la clorosis variegada de cítricos (CVC), la primera ampliamente extendida en los Estadios Unidos y la segunda en Suramérica. Su reciente detección en Europa, destacando los graves daños que está produciendo en los olivares del sur de Italia, supone una gran amenaza para la agricultura europea. De hecho, la detección del patógeno ha ido expandiéndose llegando a Córcega, el sur de Francia, Alemania y, por último España, concretamente las Islas Baleares, Alicante y la Comunidad de Madrid.

Xylella fastidiosa (Wells et al.) es una bacteria transmitida por insectos vectores que se alimentan de xilema, comúnmente llamados “cigarrillas” (Hemiptera: Cicadomorpha). En consecuencia, el estudio de la ecología de sus potenciales vectores se hace indispensable para conocer el riesgo de dispersión del patógeno y proponer posibles estrategias preventivas de control. Nuestras investigaciones están dirigidas a la prospección y el estudio del ciclo biológico y del comportamiento de insectos vectores de X. fastidiosa en olivar. Todo ello forma parte del proyecto europeo PONTE (http://www.ponteproject.eu/) en el que participan más de 120 investigadores de 25 organismos y empresas de la Unión Europea. Los resultados preliminares indican que las especie Philaenus spumarius (Cicadomorpha, Aphrophoridae), descrita como el principal vector de X. fastidiosa en olivos de Italia y Neophilaenus campestris (Cicadomorpha, Aphrophoridae), recientemente identificada como vector del patógeno en condiciones de laboratorio, están presentes en algunas de las regiones muestreadas, aunque en densidades muy bajas y limitadas a cultivos bajo no laboreo con cubiertas vegetales o con vegetación espontánea durante una gran parte del año.

Tanto P. spumarius como N. campestris presentan un ciclo biológico de metamorfosis sencilla formado por las fases de huevo, ninfa y adulto, dando lugar a una generación al año. Pasa el invierno en forma de huevo, aunque se ha observado que el adulto puede sobrevivir en esta época cuando las temperaturas son suaves. Al llegar la primavera los huevos eclosionan dando lugar a nuevas ninfas y comenzando de nuevo el ciclo. De este modo, considerando la biología y ecología de los vectores de X. fastidiosa, el manejo de vegetación de cubierta en los cultivos, con el objetivo de evitar la oviposición y eclosión de los huevos, o la eliminación de ninfas al inicio de primavera podrían suponer un primer paso en el control de los mismos.
Effects of childhood trauma on the amplitude of P300 ERP response
Creators: name: Goist, Everett
Publisher: name: University of Chicago
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: EEG, ERP, P300, Oddball Paradigm, Ekman’s Faces, Childhood trauma

description: This event-related potential (ERP) study examines the relationship between prevalence and severity of childhood trauma on the P300 ERP in medial electrodes (Fz, Pz, Cz). Initial analysis of the participants evaluated how amplitude and latency differ due to the frequency and expression of specific emotional faces (angry and neutral). Rarely occurring stimuli and angry faces resulted in higher amplitude P300 ERPs on average compared to frequently occurring stimuli and neutral faces. Childhood trauma was found to have no significant effect overall on the amplitude or latency of P300 ERP. This leads to further questioning about the effect of latency since maltreatment, beginning age of maltreatment, and the effect of therapies between the time of maltreatment and participation in this study.
The prospect of detecting single-photon force effects in cavity optomechanics
Creators: name: Tang, H. X.
name: Vitali, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Cavity optomechanical systems are approaching a strong-coupling regime where the coherent dynamics of nanomechanical resonators can be manipulated and controlled by optical fields at the single photon level. Here we propose an interferometric scheme able to detect optomechanical coherent interaction at the single-photon level which is experimentally feasible with state-of-the-art devices.
description: 8 pages, 2 figures
Discerning the difficult-to-detect: star formation in dwarf and low surface brightness galaxies
Creators: name: Wright, Anna Charlene
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2020

description: In this work, we use cosmological simulations to study patterns of star formation in galaxies that have traditionally been underrepresented in surveys of galaxy formation across cosmic history. Because simulations have typically not been tuned to produce them, dwarf galaxies and low surface brightness galaxies provide a unique opportunity to test whether or not the models that we use to make bright, high mass galaxies are universal. We find that our simulations are able to reproduce a broad range of dwarf galaxy star formation histories, as well as low surface brightness galaxies, and we use these results to interpret the origin of specific types of galaxies. We identify a population of star-forming dwarf galaxies in our simulations that have experienced long periods of little to no star formation and whose properties are consistent with several dwarf galaxies observed in the local universe. We find that star formation can be reignited in these galaxies even billions of years after a quenching event through interactions with streams of gas in the intergalactic medium that compress hot halo gas. We also identify large populations of ultra-diffuse and classical low surface brightness galaxies in our simulations. Their properties are broadly consistent with those of observed samples and we predict that future observations will find that the star formation rates, HI masses, and colors of isolated ultra-diffuse galaxies are typical for their stellar masses. We find that both ultra-diffuse galaxies and classical low surface brightness galaxies are the products of major mergers that increase their angular momentum and cause star formation within the galaxies to move outward. In general, we find that environmental interactions have a significant impact on star formation in dwarf and low surface brightness galaxies - even those that appear isolated at the present day.
Gamete binning
Creators: name: Sun, Hequan
name: Campoy, José A.
name: Schneeberger, Korbinian
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: single-cell sequencing, haplotype-resolved assembly, haplotyping, phasing, de nove assembly

description: Here are source codes and pipeline for gamete binning, a method based on single-cell sequencing of gamete genomes to achieve chromosome-level and haplotype-resolved genome assembly of a heterozygous species. This is to support the analysis in Campoy_and_Sun_et_al_2020.
Touching The Void: A Striking Drop in Stellar Halo Density Beyond 50 kpc
Creators: name: Deason, Alis J.
name: Belokurov, Vasily
name: Koposov, Sergey E.
name: Rockosi, Connie M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use A-type stars selected from Sloan Digital Sky Survey data release 9 photometry to measure the outer slope of the Milky Way stellar halo density profile beyond 50 kpc. A likelihood-based analysis is employed that models the ugr photometry distribution of blue horizontal branch (BHB) and blue straggler (BS) stars. In the magnitude range, 18.5 < g < 20.5, these stellar populations span a heliocentric distance range of: 10 kpc < D_BS < 75 kpc, 40 kpc < D_BHB < 100 kpc. Contributions from contaminants, such as QSOs, and the effect of photometric uncertainties, are also included in our modeling procedure. We find evidence for a very steep outer halo profile, with power-law index alpha ~ 6 beyond Galactocentric radii r=50 kpc, and even steeper slopes favored (alpha ~ 6-10) at larger radii. This result holds true when stars belonging to known overdensities, such as the Sagittarius stream, are included or excluded. We show that, by comparison to numerical simulations, stellar halos with shallower slopes at large distances tend to have more recent accretion activity. Thus, it is likely that the Milky Way has undergone a relatively quiet accretion history over the past several Gyr. Our measurement of the outer stellar halo profile may have important implications for dynamical mass models of the Milky Way, where the tracer density profile is strongly degenerate with total mass-estimates.
description: 17 pages, 16 figures. Accepted for publication by ApJ. References updated
Prediction of a quantum anomalous Hall state in Co decorated silicene
Creators: name: Kaloni, T. P.
name: Singh, N.
name: Schwingenschlögl, U.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Based on first-principles calculations, we demonstrate that Co decorated silicene can host a quantum anomalous Hall state. The exchange field induced by the Co atoms combined with the strong spin orbit coupling of the silicene opens a nontrivial band gap at the K-point. As compared to other transition metals, Co decorated silicene is unique in this respect, since usually hybridization and spin-polarization induced in the silicene suppress a quantum anomalous Hall state.
BCS-BEC crossover and quantum phase transition in an ultracold Fermi gas under spin-orbit coupling
Creators: name: Wu, Fan
name: Zhang, Ren
name: Deng, Tian-Shu
name: Zhang, Wei
name: Yi, Wei
name: Guo, Guang-Can
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, we study the BCS-BEC crossover and quantum phase transition in a Fermi gas under Rashba spin-orbit coupling close to a Feshbach resonance. By adopting a two-channel model, we take into account of the closed channel molecules, and show that combined with spin-orbit coupling, a finite background scattering in the open channel can lead to two branches of solution for both the two-body and the many-body ground states. The branching of the two-body bound state solution originates from the avoided crossing between bound states in the open and the closed channels, respectively. For the many-body states, we identify a quantum phase transition in the upper branch regardless of the sign of the background scattering length, which is in clear contrast to the case without spin-orbit coupling. For systems with negative background scattering length in particular, we show that the bound state in the open channel, and hence the quantum phase transition in the upper branch, are induced by spin-orbit coupling. We then characterize the critical detuning of the quantum phase transition for both positive and negative background scattering lengths, and demonstrate the optimal parameters for the critical point to be probed experimentally.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures
Getting the Lead Out: Biomolecular Crystals as Low-Cost, High-Performance Piezoelectric Components
Creators: name: GUERIN, SARAH
Publisher: name: University of Limerick
Year: 2023
Subjects: Engineering

description: There are billions of piezoelectric sensors globally in our vehicles, consumer electronics, medical devices, advanced scientific equipment, fuel gauges, and structural health monitoring units. The vast majority of these sensors contain the perovskite lead zirconium titanate (PZT). It is estimated that there is 100 g of PZT distributed across a variety of integrated sensors in every one of the 1.4 billion cars on our roads. PZT requires toxic lead oxide (PbO) during its synthesis and leaches lead into water supplies at end-of-life disposal. Lead-free alternatives are a large field of research, yet the most-touted candidates, which are also ceramic materials containing elements such as niobium, bismuth, and barium, are even more damaging to the environment (Figure 1)
Efficient numerical evolution of double-parton distributions
Creators: name: Nagar, Riccardo
Publisher: name: Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, DESY, Hamburg
Year: 2018

description: 10th International Workshop on Multiple Partonic Interactions at the LHC, MPI@LHC2018, Perugia, Italy, 10 Dec 2018 - 14 Dec 2018
description: Practical solutions to the evolution equations for double-parton distributions (DPDs) that are accurate but feasible in terms of computing resources are a challenging task in the study of double-parton scattering phenomenology in perturbative QCD. Due to the higher dimensionality of DPDs with respect to single PDFs, a simple extension of the available methods for PDF evolution is computationally prohibitive. We present an efficient method to implement the fast solution of DGLAP equations and interpolation for PDFs and DPDs, based on the use of Chebyshev polynomials. For PDF evolution, our method allows for a higher numerical accuracy using a considerably smaller number of grid points with respect to existing methods. The DPD evolution is realized using an affordable number of grid points, and importantly allows for two independent renormalization scales for the two partons.
Damping the neutrino flavor pendulum by breaking homogeneity
Creators: name: Mangano, Gianpiero
name: Mirizzi, Alessandro
name: Saviano, Ninetta
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The most general case of self-induced neutrino flavor evolution is described by a set of kinetic equations for a dense neutrino gas evolving both in space and time. Solutions of these equations have been typically worked out assuming that either the time (in the core-collapse supernova environment) or space (in the early universe) homogeneity in the initial conditions is preserved through the evolution. In these cases one can gauge away the homogeneous variable and reduce the dimensionality of the problem. In this paper we investigate if small deviations from an initial postulated homogeneity can be amplified by the interacting neutrino gas, leading to a new flavor instability. To this end, we consider a simple two flavor isotropic neutrino gas evolving in time, and initially composed by only $ν_e$ and $\barν_e$ with equal densities. In the homogeneous case, this system shows a bimodal instability in the inverted mass hierarchy scheme, leading to the well studied flavor pendulum behavior. This would lead to periodic pair conversions $ν_e \barν_e \leftrightarrow ν_x \barν_x$. To break space homogeneity, we introduce small amplitude space-dependent perturbations in the matter potential. By Fourier transforming the equations of motion with respect to the space coordinate, we then numerically solve a set of coupled equations for the different Fourier modes. We find that even for arbitrarily tiny inhomogeneities, the system evolution runs away from the stable pendulum behavior: the different modes are excited and the space-averaged ensemble evolves towards flavor equilibrium. We finally comment on the role of a time decaying neutrino background density in weakening these results.
description: (7 pages, 5 eps figures. Figure improved. Final version appeared in PRD)
Improving soft FEC performance for higher-order modulations via optimized bit channel mappings
Creators: name: Häger, Christian
name: Amat, Alexandre Graell i
name: Brännström, Fredrik
name: Alvarado, Alex
name: Agrell, Erik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Soft forward error correction with higher-order modulations is often implemented in practice via the pragmatic bit-interleaved coded modulation paradigm, where a single binary code is mapped to a nonbinary modulation. In this paper, we study the optimization of the mapping of the coded bits to the modulation bits for a polarization-multiplexed fiber-optical system without optical inline dispersion compensation. Our focus is on protograph-based low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes which allow for an efficient hardware implementation, suitable for high-speed optical communications. The optimization is applied to the AR4JA protograph family, and further extended to protograph-based spatially coupled LDPC codes assuming a windowed decoder. Full field simulations via the split-step Fourier method are used to verify the analysis. The results show performance gains of up to 0.25 dB, which translate into a possible extension of the transmission reach by roughly up to 8%, without significantly increasing the system complexity.
description: This paper was published in Optics Express and is made available as an electronic reprint with the permission of OSA. The paper can be found at the following URL on the OSA website: http://www.opticsinfobase.org/oe/abstract.cfm?uri=oe-22-12-14544
On permutations of Hardy-Littlewood-Pólya sequences
Creators: name: Aistleitner, Christoph
name: Berkes, Istvan
name: Tichy, Robert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 42A55, 11K60, 60F05, 60F15

description: Let ${\cal H}=(q_1, \ldots q_r)$ be a finite set of coprime integers and let $n_1, n_2, \ldots$ denote the multiplicative semigroup generated by $\cal H$ and arranged in increasing order. The distribution of such sequences has been studied intensively in number theory and they have remarkable probabilistic and ergodic properties. For example, the asymptotic properties of the sequence $\{n_kx\}$ are very similar to those of independent, identically distributed random variables; here $\{\cdot \}$ denotes fractional part. However, the behavior of this sequence depends sensitively on the generating elements of $(n_k)$ and the combination of probabilistic and number-theoretic effects results in a unique, highly interesting asymptotic behavior. In particular, the properties of $\{n_kx\}$ are not permutation invariant, in contrast to i.i.d. behavior. The purpose of this paper is to show that $\{n_kx\}$ satisfies a strong independence property ("interlaced mixing"), enabling one to determine the precise asymptotic behavior of permuted sums $S_N (σ)= \sum_{k=1}^N f(n_{σ(k)} x)$. As we will see, the behavior of $S_N(σ)$ still follows that of sums of independent random variables, but its growth speed (depending on $σ$) is given by the classical Gál function of Diophantine approximation theory. Some examples describing the class of possible growth functions are given.
description: Dedicated to the memory of Walter Philipp
Amyloid oligomers as on-pathway precursors or off-pathway competitors of fibrils
Creators: name: Muschol, Martin
name: Hoyer, Wolfgang
Publisher: name: Forschungzentrum Jülich
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 570

description: Frontiers in molecular biosciences 10, 1120416 (2023). doi:10.3389/fmolb.2023.1120416
description: Amyloid Diseases involve the growth of disease specific proteins into amyloid fibrils and their deposition in protein plaques. Amyloid fibril formation is typically preceded by oligomeric intermediates. Despite significant efforts, the specific role fibrils or oligomers play in the etiology of any given amyloid disease remains controversial. In neurodegenerative disease, though, amyloid oligomers are widely considered critical contributors to disease symptoms. Aside from oligomers as inevitable on-pathway precursors of fibril formation, there is significant evidence for off-pathway oligomer formation competing with fibril growth. The distinct mechanisms and pathways of oligomer formation directly affect our understanding under which conditions oligomers emerge in vivo, and whether their formation is directly coupled to, or distinct from, amyloid fibril formation. In this review, we will discuss the basic energy landscapes underlying the formation of on-pathway vs. off-pathway oligomers, their relation to the related amyloid aggregation kinetics, and their resulting implications for disease etiology. We will review evidence on how differences in the local environment of amyloid assembly can dramatically shift the relative preponderance of oligomers vs. fibrils. Finally, we will comment on gaps in our knowledge of oligomer assembly, of their structure, and on how to assess their relevance to disease etiology.
description: Published by Frontiers, Lausanne
Dynamics of warped flux compactifications with backreacting anti-branes
Creators: name: Junghans, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We revisit the effective low-energy dynamics of the volume modulus in warped flux compactifications with anti-D3-branes in order to analyze the prospects for meta-stable de Sitter vacua and brane inflation along the lines of KKLT/KKLMMT. At the level of the 10d supergravity solution, anti-branes in flux backgrounds with opposite charge are known to source singular terms in the energy densities of the bulk fluxes, which led to a debate on the consistency of such constructions in string theory. A straightforward yet non-trivial check of the singular solution is to verify that its dimensional reduction in the large-volume limit reproduces the 4d low-energy dynamics expected from known results where the anti-branes are treated as a probe. Taking into account the anti-brane backreaction in the effective scalar potential, we find that both the volume scaling and the coefficient of the anti-brane uplift term are in exact agreement with the probe potential if the singular fluxes satisfy a certain near-brane boundary condition. This condition can be tested explicitly and may thus help to decide whether flux singularities should be interpreted as pathological or benign features of flux compactifications with anti-branes. Throughout the paper, we also comment on a number of subtleties related to the proper definition of warped effective field theory with anti-branes.
description: 10 pages. v2: comments added
CLOSER's Metadata Portal: Improving Discovery
Creators: name: Mills, Hayley
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018

description: CLOSER Discovery (https://discovery.closer.ac.uk/) is a portal for researchers to search and browse social science and biomedical metadata from thousands of questions and variables, across several of the UKs longitudinal studies. The poster outlines; the searchable metadata, controlled vocabularies, the infrastructure, as well as the latest features and future developments. A demonstration of CLOSER Discovery will accompany the poster.
Изучение этических вопросов применения ИИ в медицине
Creators: name: Сокольчик, Валерия
name: Разуванов, Алексей
name: Зуева, Алина
name: Аниськова, Майя
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Применение искусственного интеллекта (ИИ) в медицинской практике и медицинских исследованиях – неотъемлемая часть развития современной медицины.
Искусственный интеллект способен революционизировать здравоохранение и систему медицинских услуг на организационном, исследовательском и клиническом уровнях, в том числе улучшая уход за пациентами, контроль за соблюдением врачебных предписаний, подбор участников клинических исследований и испытаний.
Precision Measurements of Higgs Couplings: Implications for New Physics Scales
Creators: name: Englert, C.
name: Freitas, A.
name: Muhlleitner, M.
name: Plehn, T.
name: Rauch, M.
name: Spira, M.
name: Walz, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The measured properties of the recently discovered Higgs boson are in good agreement with predictions from the Standard Model. However, small deviations in the Higgs couplings may manifest themselves once the currently large uncertainties will be improved as part of the LHC program and at a future Higgs factory. We review typical new physics scenarios that lead to observable modifications of the Higgs interactions. They can be divided into two broad categories: mixing effects as in portal models or extended Higgs sectors, and vertex loop effects from new matter or gauge fields. In each model we relate coupling deviations to their effective new physics scale. It turns out that with percent level precision the Higgs couplings will be sensitive to the multi-TeV regime.
description: Invited review for Journal of Physics G, 33pp; v2: references added and improved discussion of operator basis in section 2.1
Quantum which-way information and fringe visibility when the detector is entangled with an ancilla
Creators: name: Tej, J. Prabhu
name: Devi, A. R. Usha
name: Karthik, H. S.
name: Sudha
name: Rajagopal, A. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum mechanical wave-particle duality is quantified in terms of a trade-off relation between the fringe visibility and the which-way distinguishability in an interference experiment. This relation is recently generalized by Banaszek et. al., (Nature Communications 4, 2594, 2013) when the particle is equipped with an internal degree of freedom such as spin. Here, we extend the visibility-distinguishability trade-off relation to quantum interference of a particle possessing an internal degree of freedom, when the which-way detector state is entangled with an ancillary system. We introduce an extended which-way distinguishability and the associated extended fringe visibility satisfying the duality inequality in this scenario. We illustrate, with the help of three specific examples, that while the which-way information inferred solely from the detector state (without ancilla) vanishes, the extended distinguishability retrievable via measurements on the detector-ancilla entangled state is non-zero. Furthermore, in all the three examples, the extended visibility and the generalized visibility (which was introduced by Banaszek et. al., Nature Communications 4, 2594, 2013)) match identically with each other.
description: 6 pages, 3 pdf figures, typos corrected, accepted in Physical Review A
Lacunary sequences and permutations
Creators: name: Aistleitner, Christoph
name: Berkes, Istvan
name: Tichy, Robert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60F15

description: By a classical principle of analysis, sufficiently thin subsequences of general sequences of functions behave like sequences of independent random variables. This observation not only explains the remarkable properties of lacunary trigonometric series, but also provides a powerful tool in many areas of analysis. In contrast to "true" random processes, however, the probabilistic structure of lacunary sequences is not permutation-invariant and the analytic properties of such sequences can change radically after rearrangement. The purpose of this paper is to survey some recent results of the authors on permuted function series. We will see that rearrangement properties of lacunary trigonometric series $\sum (a_k\cos n_kx+b_k \sin n_kx)$ and their nonharmonic analogues $\sum c_k f(n_kx)$ are intimately connected with the number theoretic properties of $(n_k)_{k \geq 1}$ and we will give a complete characterization of permutational invariance in terms of the Diophantine properties of $(n_k)_{k \geq 1}$. We will also see that in a certain statistical sense, permutational invariance is the "typical" behavior of lacunary sequences.
description: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1311.4930
Constraints on the progenitor system and the environs of SN 2014J from deep radio observations
Creators: name: Perez-Torres, M. A.
name: Lundqvist, P.
name: Beswick, R.
name: Bjornsson, C. -I.
name: Muxlow, T. W. M.
name: Paragi, Z.
name: Ryder, S.
name: Alberdi, A.
name: Fransson, C.
name: Marcaide, J. M.
name: Marti-Vidal, I.
name: Ros, E.
name: Argo, M.
name: Guirado, J. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report deep EVN and eMERLIN observations of the Type Ia SN 2014J in the nearby galaxy M 82. Our observations represent, together with JVLA observations of SNe 2011fe and 2014J, the most sensitive radio studies of Type Ia SNe ever. By combining data and a proper modeling of the radio emission, we constrain the mass-loss rate from the progenitor system of SN 2014J to $\dot{M} \lesssim 7.0\times 10^{-10}\, {\rm M_{\odot}\, yr^{-1}}$ (3-$σ$; for a wind speed of $100\, {\rm km s^{-1}}$). If the medium around the supernova is uniform, then $n_{\rm ISM} \lesssim 1.3 {\rm cm^3}$ (3-$σ$), which is the most stringent limit for the (uniform) density around a Type Ia SN. Our deep upper limits favor a double-degenerate (DD) scenario--involving two WD stars--for the progenitor system of SN 2014J, as such systems have less circumstellar gas than our upper limits. By contrast, most single-degenerate (SD) scenarios, i.e., the wide family of progenitor systems where a red giant, main-sequence, or sub-giant star donates mass to a exploding WD, are ruled out by our observations. Our estimates on the limits to the gas density surrounding SN 2011fe, using the flux density limits from Chomiuk et al. (2012), agree well with their results. Although we discuss possibilities for a SD scenario to pass observational tests, as well as uncertainties in the modeling of the radio emission, the evidence from SNe 2011fe and 2014J points in the direction of a DD scenario for both.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures. Accepted for publication on The Astrophysical Journal
Evidence for a New Resonance from Polarized Neutron-Proton Scattering
Creators: name: Adlarson, P.
name: Augustyniak, W.
name: Bardan, W.
name: Bashkanov, M.
name: Bergmann, F. S.
name: Berlowski, M.
name: Bhatt, H.
name: Buescher, M.
name: Ciepa, H. Calen. I.
name: Clement, H.
name: Coderre, D.
name: Czerwinski, E.
name: Demmich, K.
name: Doroshkevich, E.
name: Engels, R.
name: Erven, A.
name: Erven, W.
name: Eyrich, W.
name: Fedorets, P.
name: Foehl, K.
name: Fransson, K.
name: Goldenbaum, F.
name: Goslawski, P.
name: Goswami, A.
name: Grigoyev, K.
name: Gullstroem, C. -O.
name: Hauenstein, F.
name: Heijkenskjoeld, L.
name: Hejny, V.
name: Hodana, M.
name: Hoistad, B.
name: Huesken, N.
name: Jany, A.
name: Jany, B. R.
name: Jarczyk, L.
name: Johansson, T.
name: Kamys, B.
name: Kemmerling, G.
name: Khan, F. A.
name: Khoukaz, A.
name: Kirrilov, D. A.
name: Kistryn, S.
name: Kleines, H.
name: Klos, B.
name: Krapp, M.
name: Krzemien, W.
name: Kulessa, P.
name: Kupsc, A.
name: Lalwani, K.
name: Lersch, D.
name: Lorentz, B.
name: Magiera, A.
name: Maier, R.
name: Marciniewski, P.
name: Marianski, B.
name: Mikirtychiants, M.
name: Morsch, H. -P.
name: Moskal, P.
name: Ohm, H.
name: Ozerianska, I.
name: del Rio, E. Perez
name: Piskunov, N. M.
name: Podkopal, P.
name: Prasuhn, D.
name: Pricking, A.
name: Pszczel, D.
name: Pysz, K.
name: Pysniak, A.
name: Redmer, C. F.
name: Ritman, J.
name: Roy, A.
name: Rudy, Z.
name: Sawant, S.
name: Schadmand, S.
name: Sefzick, T.
name: Serdyuk, V.
name: Siudak, R.
name: Skorodko, T.
name: Skurzok, M.
name: Smyrski, J.
name: Sopov, V.
name: Stassen, R.
name: Stepaniak, J.
name: Stephan, E.
name: Sterzenbach, G.
name: Stockhorst, H.
name: Stroeher, H.
name: Szczurek, A.
name: Taeschner, A.
name: Trzcinski, A.
name: Varma, R.
name: Wagner, G. J.
name: Wolke, M.
name: Wronska, A.
name: Wuestner, P.
name: Wurm, P.
name: Yamamoto, A.
name: Yurev, L.
name: Zabierowski, J.
name: Zielinski, M. J.
name: Zink, A.
name: Zlomanczuk, J.
name: Zupranski, P.
name: Zurek, M.
name: Workman, R. L.
name: Briscoe, W. J.
name: Strakovsky, I. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Exclusive and kinematically complete high-statistics measurements of quasifree polarized $\vec{n}p$ scattering have been performed in the energy region of the narrow resonance structure $d^*$ with $I(J^P) = 0(3^+)$, $M \approx$ 2380 MeV/$c^2$ and $Γ\approx$ 70 MeV observed recently in the double-pionic fusion channels $pn \to dπ^0π^0$ and $pn \to dπ^+π^-$. The experiment was carried out with the WASA detector setup at COSY having a polarized deuteron beam impinged on the hydrogen pellet target and utilizing the quasifree process $\vec{d}p \to np + p_{spectator}$. That way the $np$ analyzing power $A_y$ was measured over a large angular range. The obtained $A_y$ angular distributions deviate systematically from the current SAID SP07 NN partial-wave solution. Incorporating the new $A_y$ data into the SAID analysis produces a pole in the $^3D_3 - ^3G_3$ waves as expected from the $d^*$ resonance hypothesis.
Wilson lines and gauge invariant off-shell amplitudes
Creators: name: Kotko, Piotr
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study matrix elements of Fourier-transformed straight infinite Wilson lines as a way to calculate gauge invariant tree-level amplitudes with off-shell gluons. The off-shell gluons are assigned "polarization vectors" which (in the Feynman gauge) are transverse to their off-shell momenta and define the direction of the corresponding Wilson line operators. The infinite Wilson lines are first regularized to prove the correctness of the method. We have implemented the method in a computer FORM program that can calculate gluonic matrix elements of Wilson line operators automatically. In addition we formulate the Feynman rules that are convenient in certain applications, e.g. proving the Ward identities. Using both the program and the Feynman rules we calculate a few examples, in particular the matrix elements corresponding to gauge invariant $g^{*}g^{*}g^{*}g$ and $g^{*}g^{*}g^{*}g^{*}g$ processes. An immediate application of the approach is in the high energy scattering, as in a special kinematic setup our results reduce to the form directly related to Lipatov's vertices. Thus the results we present can be directly transformed into Lipatov's vertices, in particular into $RRRP$ and $RRRRP$ vertices with arbitrary "orientation" of reggeized gluons. Since the formulation itself is not restricted to high-energy scattering, we also apply the method to a decomposition of an ordinary on-shell amplitude into a set of gauge invariant objects.
description: 30 pages, quite a few figures. Minor corrections, references updated. Submitted to JHEP
Matrix Models and Large-N Behavior
Creators: name: Klauder, John R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Following the procedures by which O(N)-invariant real vector models and their large-N behavior have previously been solved, we extend similar techniques to the study of real symmetric N x N-matrix models with O(N)-invariant interactions. Proper extensions to N equal infinity are also established. While no 1/N-expansions are involved in our analysis, a brief comparison of our procedures with traditional 1/N-expansion procedures is given.
description: 16 pages, version accepted for publication
EPR = ER and Scattering Amplitude as Entanglement Entropy Change
Creators: name: Seki, Shigenori
name: Sin, Sang-Jin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the causal structure of the minimal surface of the four-gluon scattering, and find a world-sheet wormhole parametrized by Mandelstam variables, thereby demonstrate the EPR = ER relation for gluon scattering. We also propose that scattering amplitude is the change of the entanglement entropy by generalizing the holographic entanglement entropy of Ryu-Takayanagi to the case where two regions are divided in space-time.
description: 6 pages, 6 figures; v2: major revision, comments added in Section V, refs added, version for publication
Confined quantum Zeno dynamics of a watched atomic arrow
Creators: name: Signoles, Adrien
name: Facon, Adrien
name: Grosso, Dorian
name: Dotsenko, Igor
name: Haroche, Serge
name: Raimond, Jean-Michel
name: Brune, Michel
name: Gleyzes, Sébastien
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In a quantum world, a watched arrow never moves. This is the Quantum Zeno Effect (QZE). Repeatedly asking a quantum system "are you still in your initial state?" blocks its coherent evolution through measurement back-action. Quantum Zeno Dynamics (QZD) leaves more freedom to the system. Instead of pinning it to a single state, it sets a border in its evolution space. Repeatedly asking the system "did you cross the border?" makes it impenetrable. Since the border can be designed at will by choosing the measured observable, QZD allows one to tailor the system's evolution space. Recent proposals, particularly in the Cavity Quantum Electrodynamics (CQED) context, highlight the interest of QZD for quantum state engineering tasks, which are the key to quantumenabled technologies and quantum information processing. We report the observation of QZD in the 51-dimension Hilbert space of a large angular momentum J = 25. Continuous selective interrogation limits the evolution of this angular momentum to an adjustable multi-dimensional subspace. This confined dynamics leads to the production of non-classical "Schrödinger cat" states, quantum superpositions of angular momentums pointing in different directions. These states are promising for sensitive metrology of electric and magnetic fields. This QZD approach could be generalized to other systems, opening novel perspectives for quantum information processing.
description: 9 pages, 6 figures
Window measurements of simulations in random systems
Creators: name: Nakamura, Tota
name: Shirakura, Takayuki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Numerical studies in random systems are plagued with strong finite-size effects and boundary effects. We introduce a window-measurement method as a practical solution to these difficulties. We observe physical quantities only within a subsystem located in the midst of a whole system and scale them with the correlation length estimated in the subsystem. Both equilibrium data and nonequilibrium data with different system sizes and different window sizes fall onto a single scaling function. It suggests that the correction-to-scaling terms become very small. We confirm the validity in the $\pm J$ Heisenberg spin glass model in three dimensions. The spin-glass and chiral-glass transition temperatures are estimated to be very close to each other.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
An Analysis of the Research Productivity & Research Interests of Library and Information Science Department of Panjab University in Zenodo Community
Creators: name: Panda, Subhajit
name: Sinhababu, Atasi
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Library studies
Library and information studies not elsewhere classified

description: The crisis in open access scholarly communications leads to several initiatives promoting the development of open access repositories. It reduces the repetition of research studies by minimising the cost of access and encouraging the reuse of research data. But at the same time, the contributor researchers are also concerned about the long term preservation, meta-descriptions and citation support of their research publication shard in open access repositories. Zenodo, as an open access repository, supports a wider variety of use cases, and many of them implement minimal control on the data uploaded by users. The present study discusses the research output & research interest of the Library and Information Science Department of Panjab University by collecting data from the Zenodo community. The analysis highlights yearly output of research publications, relative growth rate & doubling time, upload trends, authorship patterns, most productive authors, most preferred sources & source origins, length of the publications, used reference count & reference types and top used keywords. Researchers’ research performance is demonstrated by calculating the views & downloads of a specific article in the community. The study also reveals the inadequacy of the Zenodo community in keeping track of contributors' citations. In conclusion, the study suggests following up some motivational & functional requirements to encourage researchers to contribute their works in open access repositories. In ethical consideration, it eliminates the digital divide, as well as maximising the societal benefits of research.
On the asymptotic behavior of weakly lacunary series
Creators: name: Aistleitner, Christoph
name: Berkes, Istvan
name: Tichy, Robert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 42A55, 11D04, 60F05, 60F15

description: Let $f$ be a measurable function satisfying $$f(x+1)=f(x), \qquad \int_0^1 f(x) dx=0, \qquad \textrm{Var} ~f < + \infty,$$ and let $(n_k)_{k\ge 1}$ be a sequence of integers satisfying $n_{k+1}/n_k \ge q >1$ $(k=1, 2, \ldots)$. By the classical theory of lacunary series, under suitable Diophantine conditions on $n_k$, $(f(n_kx))_{k\ge 1}$ satisfies the central limit theorem and the law of the iterated logarithm. These results extend for a class of subexponentially growing sequences $(n_k)_{k\ge 1}$ as well, but as Fukuyama (2009) showed, the behavior of $f(n_kx)$ is generally not permutation-invariant, e.g. a rearrangement of the sequence can ruin the CLT and LIL. In this paper we construct an infinite order Diophantine condition implying the permutation-invariant CLT and LIL without any growth conditions on $(n_k)_{k\ge 1}$ and show that the known finite order Diophantine conditions in the theory do not imply permutation-invariance even if $f(x)=\sin 2πx$ and $(n_k)_{k\ge 1}$ grows almost exponentially. Finally we prove that, in a suitable statistical sense, for almost all sequences $(n_k)_{k\ge 1}$ growing faster than polynomially, $(f(n_kx))_{k\ge 1}$ has permutation-invariant behavior.
Galaxy Mergers as a Source of Cosmic Rays, Neutrinos, and Gamma Rays
Creators: name: Kashiyama, Kazumi
name: Mészáros, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the shock acceleration of particles in massive galaxy mergers or collisions, and show that cosmic rays (CRs) can be accelerated up to the second knee energy ~0.1-1 EeV and possibly beyond, with a hard spectral index Gamma ~ 2. Such CRs lose their energy via hadronuclear interactions within a dynamical timescale of the merger shock, producing gamma rays and neutrinos as a by-product. If ~ 10 % of the shock dissipated energy goes into CR acceleration, some local merging galaxies will produce gamma-ray counterparts detectable by CTA. Also, based on the concordance cosmology, where a good fraction of the massive galaxies experience a major merger in a cosmological timescale, the neutrino counterparts can constitute ~ 20-60 % of the isotropic background detected by IceCube.
description: 5 pages, 2 figure, published in ApJL
Basic Properties of Coherent-Squeezed States Revisited
Creators: name: Fujii, Kazuyuki
name: Oike, Hiroshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we treat coherent-squeezed states of Fock space once more and study some basic properties of them from a geometrical point of view. Since the set of coherent-squeezed states $\{\ket{α, β}\ |\ α, β\in \fukuso\}$ makes a real 4-dimensional surface in the Fock space ${\cal F}$ (which is of course not flat), we can calculate its metric. On the other hand, we know that coherent-squeezed states satisfy the minimal uncertainty of Heisenberg under some condition imposed on the parameter space $\{α, β\}$, so that we can study the metric from the view point of uncertainty principle. Then we obtain a surprising simple form (at least to us). We also make a brief review on Holonomic Quantum Computation by use of a simple model based on nonlinear Kerr effect and coherent-squeezed operators.
description: Latex ; 19 pages ; 2 figures ; minor changes. To appear in International Journal of Geometric Methods in Modern Physics
Temer ao estamento-burocrático, não à economia
Creators: name: Albertin de Moraes, Isaías
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Economic history
Socio-economic development
Economic development policy
History of economic thought
Welfare economics

description: Temer ao estamento-burocrático, não à economia
Hadron Productions in Photon Photon Process at ILC and BSM Signatures with small mass differences
Creators: name: Sasikumar, Kollassery Swathi
name: List, Jenny
name: Berggren, Carl Mikael
Publisher: name: Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, DESY, Hamburg
Year: 2018

description: Pre-ILD Software Analysis Meeting, Pre-ILD Meeting, Ichinoseki, DESY, Japan, 18 Feb 2018 - 19 Feb 2018
Symmetries, Sum Rules and Constraints on Effective Field Theories
Creators: name: Bellazzini, Brando
name: Martucci, Luca
name: Torre, Riccardo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using unitarity, analyticity and crossing symmetry, we derive universal sum rules for scattering amplitudes in theories invariant under an arbitrary symmetry group. The sum rules relate the coefficients of the energy expansion of the scattering amplitudes in the IR to total cross sections integrated all the way up to the UV. Exploiting the group structure of the symmetry, we systematically determine all the independent sum rules and positivity conditions on the expansion coefficients. For effective field theories the amplitudes in the IR are calculable and hence the sum rules set constraints on the parameters of the effective Lagrangian. We clarify the impact of gauging on the sum rules for Goldstone bosons in spontaneously broken gauge theories. We discuss explicit examples that are relevant for WW-scattering, composite Higgs models, and chiral perturbation theory. Certain sum rules based on custodial symmetry and its extensions provide constraints on the Higgs boson coupling to the electroweak gauge bosons.
description: 50 pages, 5 figures, 5 appendices; several typos fixed, discussions improved, references added; results unchanged