cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Antioxidant CPA-type indole alkaloids produced from the deep-sea derived fungus Aspergillus sp. SCSIO 41024
Creators: name: Chen, Wei-Hao
name: Li, Kun-Long
name: Lin, Xiu-Ping
name: Liao, Sheng-Rong
name: Yang, Bin
name: Zhou, Xue-Feng
name: Wang, Jun-Jian
name: Liu, Yong-Hong
name: Wang, Jun-Feng
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Physiology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology

description: Twelve indole alkaloids, including α-cyclopiazonic acid (CPA) (1), nine 2-oxo indole CPA derivatives (2–10), and two open-ring indole CPA derivatives (11 and 12), were isolated from the fermentation broth of a deep-sea derived fungus Aspergillus sp. SCSIO 41024. Their structures and absolute configurations were elucidated mainly by using extensive NMR spectroscopic, mass spectrometric and single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. To the best of our knowledge, the crystallographic data of 3 and 7 were firstly reported, and the absolute configuration of 3 was confirmed for the first time by the single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. Most isolated compounds were tested for their antimicrobial, antitumor and radical scavenging activities. In addition, compounds 1, 2 and 11 showed moderate antioxidative activity against DPPH with IC50 values of 190.1, 31.9, 228.4 μg/mL, respectively.
Der Einfluss von Leptin auf die Migration von Natürlichen Killerzellen
Creators: name: Fischer, Trutz-Eckhardt Uwe Hermann Siegfried
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 610

description: Bei Adipositas ist das Hormon Leptin erhöht und beeinflusst Natürliche Killerzellen (NKZ). NKZ töten ohne Sensibilisierung virusinfizierte- und Tumorzellen, die Funktion ist bei erhöhtem Leptin eingeschränkt. Die erhöhte Leptinkonzentration kann den intrazellulären Aktinumbau stören. Ggf. wird die Aktin-abhängige Migration von NKZ beeinflusst. Mit Live-Cell-Imaging und Transwell-Migration-Assay wurde die Migration von NK-92-Zellen (NK92) unter Leptineinfluss untersucht. Viszerale und subkutane (s.c.) Fettproben von intraperitoneal mit Leptin stimulierten ob/ob-Mäusen wurden bzgl. der NKZ-Dichte untersucht. Adhäsions-Assays mit NK92 unter Leptineinfluss wurden angefertigt. Die Migration von NK92 unter Leptineinfluss ist nicht signifikant verändert. Es finden sich signifikant mehr NKZ im viszeralen als s.c. Fett der Mäuse. NKZ können im Fettgewebe ggf. s.g. „Crown-like-structures“ bilden. Es ist unter Leptineinfluss eine signifikant reduzierte Adhäsionskraft von NK92 festzustellen.
description: Obesity is linked with elevated levels of the hormone Leptin which affects Natural Killer Cells (NKC). NKC can kill virus-infected- and tumor cells without prior sensibilisation. This is worsened at elevated Leptin. Leptin can affect the intracellular remodelling of actin, this may be linked to an impact respecting the actin-dependent migration. With Live-Cell-Imaging and Transwell-Migration-Assay the migration under the influence of Leptin of NK-92-Cells (NK92) has been investigated. Visceral and subcutaneous (s.c.) fat of intraperitoneal with Leptin treated ob/ob-mice have been studied for NKC-numbers. Adhesion-Assays with NK92 under the impact of Leptin have been carried out. Migration of NK92 is not altered under the influence of Leptin. We found significant more NKC in the visceral compared to the s.c. fat obtained from mice. NKC might be able to form so called “Crown-like-Structures” in adipose tissue. Leptin significantly reduces the adhesive force of NK92.
Universal solvent quality crossover of the zero shear rate viscosity of semidilute DNA solutions
Creators: name: Pan, Sharadwata
name: Nguyen, Duc At
name: Sridhar, T.
name: Sunthar, P.
name: Prakash, J. Ravi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The scaling behaviour of the zero shear rate viscosity of semidilute unentangled DNA solutions, in the double crossover regime driven by temperature and concentration, is mapped out by systematic experiments. The viscosity is shown to have a power law dependence on the scaled concentration $c/c^*$, with an effective exponent that depends on the solvent quality parameter $z$. The determination of the form of this universal crossover scaling function requires the estimation of the $θ$ temperature of dilute DNA solutions in the presence of excess salt, and the determination of the solvent quality parameter at any given molecular weight and temperature. The $θ$ temperature is determined to be $T_θ\approx 15^\circ$ C using static light scattering, and the solvent quality parameter has been determined by dynamic light scattering.
description: 39 pages, 26 figures, accepted in Journal of Rheology. Includes supplemental materials
A Massive Data Framework for M-Estimators with Cubic-Rate
Creators: name: Shi, Chengchun
name: Lu, Wenbin
name: Song, Rui
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: Plant Biology

description: The divide and conquer method is a common strategy for handling massive data. In this article, we study the divide and conquer method for cubic-rate estimators under the massive data framework. We develop a general theory for establishing the asymptotic distribution of the aggregated M-estimators using a weighted average with weights depending on the subgroup sample sizes. Under certain condition on the growing rate of the number of subgroups, the resulting aggregated estimators are shown to have faster convergence rate and asymptotic normal distribution, which are more tractable in both computation and inference than the original M-estimators based on pooled data. Our theory applies to a wide class of M-estimators with cube root convergence rate, including the location estimator, maximum score estimator, and value search estimator. Empirical performance via simulations and a real data application also validate our theoretical findings. Supplementary materials for this article are available online.
Resonant Five-body Recombination in an Ultracold Gas of Bosonic Atoms
Creators: name: Zenesini, A.
name: Huang, B.
name: Berninger, M.
name: Besler, S.
name: Nägerl, H. -C.
name: Ferlaino, F.
name: Grimm, R.
name: Greene, Chris H.
name: von Stecher, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We combine theory and experiment to investigate five-body recombination in an ultracold gas of atomic cesium at negative scattering length. A refined theoretical model, in combination with extensive laboratory tunability of the interatomic interactions, enables the five-body resonant recombination rate to be calculated and measured. The position of the new observed recombination feature agrees with a recent theoretical prediction and supports the prediction of a family of universal cluster states at negative $a$ that are tied to an Efimov trimer.
description: 14 pages, 5 figures
Discursive and practical challenges in global health : pesticide-related health impacts in Ecuadorian banana production
Creators: name: Brisbois, Benjamin Wesley
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2014

description: This dissertation aims to inform more equitable and effective practice in the emerging field of global health. To address this overriding question of how principles of equity and effectiveness can best be implemented, I critically analyze discursive and practical challenges facing Northern researchers as they approach health problems in the global South, and explore solutions to these challenges. This exploration employs a case study on the articulation of a specific problem in a specific, nominally ‘Southern’, setting: pesticide-related health effects in Ecuador's banana-producing El Oro province. I employ three methodological approaches, in three substantive chapters. Chapter 2 uses discourse analysis to understand how Latin American research sites are framed in peer-reviewed pesticide epidemiology articles. These articles often employ geographic representations of Latin America as inexplicably underdeveloped to demonstrate the need for pesticide research and health sector interventions, typically exhibiting ‘mainstream’ (Northern) public health institutional dynamics. I also show how some epidemiologists are pursuing more politically engaged approaches, in an uneasy negotiation with epidemiology's disciplinary norms. Chapter 3 reports on ethnographic pesticide risk perception work in El Oro, drawing on theories from anthropology and human geography. I document how pesticide risk perception narratives reflect El Oro's position in unstable global commodity chains. Scalar elements of these narratives combine individual and structural explanations for health problems in complex ways. In Chapter 4, I describe a political ecology of health explanation of pesticide exposure in El Oro. I employ a modified meta-narrative methodology, complemented by ethnographic fieldwork, to synthesize literature relevant to the pathways – biological, political economic, environmental and cultural – leading to pesticide-related impacts in El Oro. This analysis complements Chapters 2 and 3 in making the case for empowerment-based participatory approaches to pesticide exposure problems (and, by extension, to global health more generally), with special attention to international linkages, environmental complexity and political economy. The introduction, conclusion and 'linking' material between chapters serve to enhance the coherence of the dissertation by providing additional material not appropriate for inclusion in the three chapters, including elements of reflexivity.
Change detection in combination with spatial models and its effectiveness on underwater scenarios
Creators: name: Radolko, Martin
Publisher: name: Universität Rostock
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 004 Data processing Computer sciences

description: This thesis proposes a novel change detection approach for underwater scenarios and combines it with different especially developed spatial models, this allows accurate and spatially coherent detection of any moving objects with a static camera in arbitrary environments. To deal with the special problems of underwater imaging pre-segmentations based on the optical flow and other special adaptions were added to the change detection algorithm so that it can better handle typical underwater scenarios like a scene crowded by a whole fish swarm.
International dynamic risk sharing
Creators: name: Cavaliere, Giuseppe
name: Fanelli, Luca
name: Gardini, Attilio
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2006
Subjects: SECS-P/05 Econometria

description: In this paper we examine the formal implications of international risk sharing among a set of countries in the presence of market frictions and forward-looking behaviour. We show that if frictions prevent consumption to adjust instantaneously toits optimal long run level, consumption streams in the countries belonging to the risk sharing pool change over time according to a dynamic disequilibrium model wich can be nested within an error-correcting vector autoregressive process. Econometric methods for testing the restrictions imposed by the theory at both short and long horizons are proposed and discussed. The empirical analysis of a set of core European countries suggest that consumption data do not seem to contrast neither with the existence of risk sharing against permanent income fluctuations and integrated capital markets, nor with a gradual and interrelated process of adjustment towards the equilibrium. The apparent lack of risk sharing in Europe documented in earlier works might depend not only on the misspecification of the short run dynamics of consumption, but also on the relatively low speed of adjustment toward the equilibrium.
Testing for unit roots in autoregressions with multiple level shifts
Creators: name: Cavaliere, Giuseppe
name: Georgiev, Iliyan
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2006
Subjects: SECS-P/05 Econometria

description: The asymptotic distributions of Augmented-Dickey-Fuller (ADF) unit root tests for autoregressive processes with a unit or near-unit root are discussed in the presence of multiple stochastic level shifts of large size occurring independently in time. The distributions depend on a Brownian motion and a Poisson-type jump process. Due to the latter, tests based on standard critical values experience power losses increasing rapidly with the number and the magnitude of the shifts. A new approach to unit root testing is suggested which requires no knowledge of either the location or the number of level shifts, and which dispenses with the assumption of independent shift occurrence. It is proposed to remove possible shifts from a time series by weighting its increments according to how likely it is, with respect to an ad hoc postulated distribution, a shift to have occurred in each period. If the number of level shifts is bounded in probability, the limiting distributions of the proposed test statistics coincide with those of ADF statistics under standard conditions. A Monte Carlo experiment shows that, despite their generality, the new tests perform well in finite samples.
Non-locality of energy separating transformations for Dirac electrons in a magnetic field
Creators: name: Rusin, Tomasz M.
name: Zawadzki, Wlodek
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate a non-locality of Moss-Okninski transformation (MOT) used to separate positive and negative energy states in the 3+1 Dirac equation for relativistic electrons in the presence of a magnetic field. Properties of functional kernels generated by the MOT are analyzed and kernel non-localities are characterized by calculating their second moments parallel and perpendicular to the magnetic field. Transformed functions are described and investigated by computing their variances. It is shown that the non-locality of the energy-separating transformation in the direction parallel to the magnetic field is characterized by the Compton wavelength $λ_c=\hbar/mc$. In the plane transverse to magnetic field the non-locality depends both on magnetic radius $L=(\hbar/eB)^{1/2}$ and $λ_c$. The non-locality of MO transformation for the 2+1 Dirac equation is also considered.
description: 11 pages 3 figures
Optimal Penalized Function-on-Function Regression Under a Reproducing Kernel Hilbert Space Framework
Creators: name: Sun, Xiaoxiao
name: Du, Pang
name: Wang, Xiao
name: Ma, Ping
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: Medicine
Molecular Biology
Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
Cancer

description: Many scientific studies collect data where the response and predictor variables are both functions of time, location, or some other covariate. Understanding the relationship between these functional variables is a common goal in these studies. Motivated from two real-life examples, we present in this article a function-on-function regression model that can be used to analyze such kind of functional data. Our estimator of the 2D coefficient function is the optimizer of a form of penalized least squares where the penalty enforces a certain level of smoothness on the estimator. Our first result is the representer theorem which states that the exact optimizer of the penalized least squares actually resides in a data-adaptive finite-dimensional subspace although the optimization problem is defined on a function space of infinite dimensions. This theorem then allows us an easy incorporation of the Gaussian quadrature into the optimization of the penalized least squares, which can be carried out through standard numerical procedures. We also show that our estimator achieves the minimax convergence rate in mean prediction under the framework of function-on-function regression. Extensive simulation studies demonstrate the numerical advantages of our method over the existing ones, where a sparse functional data extension is also introduced. The proposed method is then applied to our motivating examples of the benchmark Canadian weather data and a histone regulation study. Supplementary materials for this article are available online.
Baryon Spectrum Analysis using Dirac's Covariant Constraint Dynamics
Creators: name: Whitney, Joshua F.
name: Crater, Horace W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The energy spectrum of the baryons is determined by treating each of them as a three-body system with the interacting forces coming from a set of two-body potentials that depend on both the distance between the quarks and the spin and orbital angular momentum coupling terms. Constraint dynamics is first reviewed for a relativistic two-body system in order to assemble the necessary two body framework for the three-body problem and then we review the different types of covariant two-body interactions involved in constraint dynamics, including vector and scalar, and solve the problem of energy eigenstates using constraint dynamics. The Two Body Dirac equations of constraint dynamics derived by Crater and Van Alstine, matched with the quasipotential formalism of Todorov as the underlying two-body formalism are used, as well as the three-body constraint formalism of Sazdjian to integrate the three two-body equations into a single relativistically covariant three body equation for the bound state energies. The results are analyzed and compared to experiment using a best fit method and several different algorithms, including a gradient approach, and Monte Carlo method.
An examination of contemporary challenges in deceased donor kidney allocation
Creators: name: Rose, Caren Lee
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2014

description: Transplantation is the preferred treatment for patients with kidney failure, but the need for transplantation exceeds the organ supply. Strategies to address the organ shortage include: preventing end-organ failure, increasing the number of deceased donor kidneys (DDK) for transplantation, and ensuring appropriate allocation to avoid organ waste. This thesis: develops an improved metric for deceased donation activity; describes an age-matching allocation strategy to reduce organ waste; and examines the impact of selected wait-list policies on disparities in access to DDK transplantation. Using national administrative databases, we: Estimated and validated the number of potential deceased organ donors among in-hospital deaths using diagnostic codes; Calculated differences in DDK and transplant candidate survival by age using Cox regression to determine the area between survival curves (ABSC), and combined these measures with information on DDK and candidate ages to define age cut-points for DDK allocation; Described the use and outcomes of older DDKs (≥ 65 years) in countries with different allocation systems using Cox regression and ABSC, and identified patients that achieved a lifetime of transplant function from older DDKs; and Examined longitudinal use and outcomes of wait-listing candidates at multiple transplant centres using logistic and Cox regression. Three percent of Canadians who die in-hospital were identified as potential organ donors, suggesting significant potential to increase deceased donation. We determined DDK and candidate age cut-points for Canadian allocation, and estimated that implementation of these cut-points could have eliminated 500 years of wasted donor kidney function, and prevented 800 years of post-transplant dialysis compared to the current allocation strategy. We found that older DDKs provided a lifetime of kidney function for patients aged >60 years, suggesting targeted use of these organs could safely increase transplantation. Finally, we determined that multiple wait-listing helped minimize geographic disparities in accessing transplantation and may be an important policy consideration in countries that do not currently allow multiple listing. As transplantation wait-lists grow at unprecedented rates, the potential to increase deceased donation, implement allocation policies to decrease organ wastage, safely expand the use of older deceased donors and promulgate wait-list policies to increase access to transplantation will become more important.
Moser type estimates for a class of uniformly subelliptic ultraparabolic operators
Creators: name: Chiara, C.
name: Polidoro, S.
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2006
Subjects: MAT/05 Analisi matematica

description: We consider a class of second order ultraparabolic differential equations with measurable coefficients, that are obtained as a perturbation of  hypoelliptic operators. 
We assume that the hypoelliptic operators have the form of a sum of squares of vector fields plus a drif term and that the vector fields are invariant with respec to a suitalbe homogeneous Lie group structure.
We adapt the Moser's iterative methods to the non-Euclidean geometry of the Lie groups and we prove a pointwise bound of the solution u in terms of its norm in the L^p space.
Flüssigkristalline Netzwerkstrukturen bolapolyphiler Moleküle
Creators: name: Hauche, Sebastian
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 540

description: Flüssigkristalle (LC) haben in der Materialwissenschaft viel Interesse geweckt. T-, X- und π-förmige Bolapolyphile zeigen eine breite Vielfalt komplexer Mesophasenstrukturen. Ihre molekulare Struktur besteht aus einem stäbchenartigen Polyaromatkern und polaren Glycerolgruppen an jedem Ende sowie seitlich gebundenen flexiblen Alkylketten. Die neuen hexacatenaren Bolapolyphile haben zusätzliche periphere Alkylketten in ortho-Position zu den Glycerolen. Neben drei neuen LC-Wabenstrukturen mit verzerrten dreieckigen Zylinderquerschnitten wurden zusätzlich zwei neue nicht-kubische Netzwerkphasen beobachtet, darunter eine mit drei Netzwerken (CN=3, 3Dhex/P63/m) und eine Doppelnetzwerkstruktur (CN=3 und 4, Orth/Fmmm). Diese sind Zwischenphasen beim Übergang von DG nach DD. Des Weiteren konnte, eine verzerrte DD-Phase (Tet/P42/nnm) und eine neue DD-Phase (Pn3̄m) identifiziert werden. Diese Arbeit liefert Einblicke in das gerichtete molekulare Design von polycatenaren Bolapolyphilen.
description: Liquid crystals (LC) have garnered significant interest in materials science. T-, X-, and π-shaped bolapolyphiles exhibit a wide variety of complex mesophase structures. These molecules consist of rigid rod-like polyaromatic cores with polar glycerol groups at each end and flexible alkyl chains attached laterally. The newly developed hexacatenar bolapolyphiles feature additional peripheral alkyl chains in ortho positions to the glycerols.The study revealed three new LC honeycomb structures with distorted triangular cylinder cross-sections and two novel non-cubic network phases, including one with three networks (CN=3, 3Dhex/P63/m) and a double network structure (CN=3 and 4, Orth/Fmmm). These intermediate phases occur during the transition from DG to DD. Additionally, a distorted DD phase (Tet/P42/nnm) and a new DD phase (Pn3̄m) were identified. This work provides insights into the directed molecular design of polycatenar bolapolyphiles.
Path dependent volatility
Creators: name: Pascucci, Andrea
name: Foschi, Paolo
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2006
Subjects: MAT/06 Probabilità e statistica matematica
MAT/05 Analisi matematica
SECS-S/06 Metodi matematici dell'economia e delle scienze attuariali e finanziarie

description: We propose a general class of non-constant volatility models with dependence on the past.
The framework includes path-dependent volatility models such as that by Hobson&Rogers and
also path dependent contracts such as options of Asian style. A key feature of the model is that
market completeness is preserved. Some empirical analysis, based on the comparison with the
performance of standard local volatility and Heston models, shows the effectiveness of the path
dependent volatility.
Hidden-sector-assisted 125 GeV Higgs boson
Creators: name: Kyae, Bumseok
name: Park, Jong-Chul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In order to significantly raise the mass of the supersymmetry Higgs boson, we consider a radiative correction to it by heavy (\sim 1 TeV) hidden sector fields, which communicate with the Higgs through relatively heavy "messengers" (300-500 GeV). The messenger fields (S, \bar{S}) are coupled to the Higgs ("y_HSH_uH_d," y_H\lesssim 0.7) and also to hidden sector fields with a Yukawa coupling of order unity. The hidden sector fields are assumed to be large representations of a hidden gauge group, and so their scalar partner masses can be heavier than other typical soft scalars in the visible sector. Even with a relatively small y_H (\sim 0.2) or tanβ\sim 10 but without top-stop's considerable contributions, the radiative correction by such hidden sector fields can be enhanced enough to yield the 125 GeV Higgs mass.
description: 5 pages, 3 eps figures
Connotative Meaning in English and Italian Colour-Word Metaphors
Creators: name: Philip, Gill
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2006
Subjects: L-LIN/01 Glottologia e linguistica
L-LIN/12 Lingua e traduzione - Lingua inglese

description: Colour words are loaded with attributive, connotative meanings, many of which are realised in conventional linguistic expressions such as "to feel blue", "to be in the pink", and "to see red". The use of such phrases on an everyday basis reinforces the currency of the connotative meanings which they assume in particular cultural and linguistic settings, and the phrases themselves are often cited as evidence of the existence of colours’ connotative meanings. But how do the colour words in conventional linguistic expressions relate to the multitude of symbolic meanings that colours (in general) are said to represent? Based on data extracted from general reference corpora as well as traditional reference works, this article examines the use of colour-word metaphors in English and Italian. It pays particular attention to the ways in which colour words take on connotative meanings, how the meanings are fixed linguistically, and similarities and differences across the two languages under examination.
Zusammenhang zwischen pleuropulmonaler Beteiligung und dem Verlauf einer akuten Pankreatitis
Creators: name: Luiken, Ina
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 610

description: Die akute Pankreatitis (AP) kann bei einem schweren Verlauf, bei dem besonders häufig die Lunge versagt, lebensbedrohlich sein. In dieser Studie wurde die prognostische Relevanz von pleuropulmonalen Pathologien in der Computertomographie (CT) sowie von vorbestehenden Lungenerkrankungen (CLDs) für den schweren Verlauf einer AP beurteilt. Dafür wurde die jeweils erste CT im frühen Krankheitsverlauf hinsichtlich pleuropulmonaler Veränderungen evaluiert und die elektronischen Patientenakten ausgewertet. Insgesamt wurden 358 Patienten aus sieben europäischen Zentren aus dem Zeitraum von Januar 2010 bis Dezember 2018 inkludiert. Pleuraergüsse (PEs), Dystelektasen und CLDs zeigten eine signifikante Assoziation zu einer schweren AP. Moderate bis schwere oder bilaterale PEs sowie eine vorbestehende CLD erwiesen sich als unabhängige Prädiktoren eines schweren Krankheitsverlaufs. Im 1-Jahres-Überleben zeigte sich ein signifikant schlechteres Überleben bei Patienten mit bilateralen PEs.
description: Acute pancreatitis (AP) can be life-threatening in a severe course in which lung failure is particularly common. In this study, the prognostic relevance of pleuropulmonary pathologies as well as pre-existing lung diseases (CLDs) for the severe AP was assessed. For this purpose, the first computed tomography (CT) in the early disease course of AP was evaluated with regard to pleuropulmonary changes and the electronic patient records were analysed. In total, 358 patients from seven European centres from January 2010 to December 2018 were included. Pleural effusions (PEs), dystelectases and CLDs showed a significant association with severe AP. Moderate to severe or bilateral PEs and pre-existing CLDs were found to be independent predictors of a severe disease course. 1-year survival showed significantly worse survival in patients with bilateral PEs.
Collocation and Connotation: A corpus-based investigation of colour words in English and Italian
Creators: name: Philip, Gillian Susan
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2003
Subjects: L-LIN/01 Glottologia e linguistica
L-LIN/12 Lingua e traduzione - Lingua inglese

description: Many linguistic expressions are constructed around colour words: ‘see red’, ‘green with envy’, ‘whiter than white’. They appear to confirm the existence of connotative meanings, and are often cited in commentaries regarding connotative meaning. But to what extent does the functional linguistic use of these expressions correspond to their etymology? This study examines such colour-word expressions using authentic, naturally-occurring data drawn from general reference corpora in English and Italian.
The corpus evidence turns theoretical linguistic description on its head. Those expressions that are said to prove the existence of connotative meanings do nothing of the sort. In communicative acts, they are chosen for their pragmatic value, not their compositional semantic content, and display the unmistakable signs of delexicalisation. However, connotative meaning does find its way into language in use: it abounds in the many and various innovative expressions based upon those delexicalised canonical forms.
It is in translation that the full implications of delexicalisation and relexicalisation come to the fore. The realisation that conventional language is essentially delexicalised encourages the translator to work mainly with pragmatic, functional meaning. This prioritises the translation of meaning over word-form, resulting in a more faithful transmission of semantic content from one language to another.
Pionieri ambientalisti nell'Italia dell'Ottocento.G. Perkins Marsh e gli ingegneri idraulici padano-veneti
Creators: name: Marchi, Marzia
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2011
Subjects: M-GGR/01 Geografia

description: Si tratta di un’indagine sulla consapevolezza del degrado ambientale nell’Italia dell’Ottocento, sviluppata a partire dagli scritti di tre autori. Il primo è George Perkins Marsh, geografo americano che è entrato in relazione con la realtà italiana, avendoci vissuto dal 1861 al 1882. Per il suo contributo e per le sue osservazioni pionieristiche è stato definito come un “profeta“ dell’ambientalismo contemporaneo.  Gli altri sono due ingegneri idraulici, Pietro Paleocapa ed Elia Lombardini, che hanno operato nella pianura padano-veneta, mettendo in evidenza l’aggravamento delle condizioni dei fiumi, specialmente in relazione al diboscamento montano e all’accentuazione dell’uso del suolo a fini agricoli.
Dark Matter and Higgs Boson in a Model with Discrete Gauge Symmetry
Creators: name: Chiang, Cheng-Wei
name: Nomura, Takaaki
name: Tandean, Jusak
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In view of ongoing measurements of the Higgs-like boson at the LHC and direct searches for dark matter, we explore the possibility of accommodating the potential results in a simple new-physics model with discrete gauge symmetry as well as light neutrino masses. Specifically, we study collider and relic-density constraints on the new gauge coupling, predict the cross section of the dark matter scattering off nucleons, and compare it with current direct search data. We also discuss some of the implications if the dark matter is light. The new gauge sector of the model allows it to be compatible with the latest LHC information on the Higgs-like particle and simultaneously satisfy the requirements in its dark matter sector.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures, expanded, references added, main results unchanged, matches published version
Anwendungen des Bone Scan Index jenseits des Standards
Creators: name: Wüstemann, Jan
Publisher: name: Otto-von-Guericke-Universität Magdeburg
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Skelettszintigraphie
subject: Knochenmetastase
subject: 616.07575

description: Der Bone Scan Index ist ein Parameter zu Quantifizierung des Volumentanteils der Knochenmetastasierung anhand einer planaren Skelettszintigraphie. In dieser Arbeit wird abweichend der Standardanwendung beim Prostatakrebs zwei Fragestellungen mittels softwarebasierten, automatischen BSI untersucht: Bei einer systematischen, entitätsspezifischen Analyse von 951 Bildgebungen zeigte die BSI-Methode neben Prostatakrebs (SN 92,2 %, SP 68,1 %) vergleichbare Ergebnisse u. a. beim Brustkrebs (SN 86,2 %, SP 75,3%) und HCC (SN 80,0 %, SP 72,7%). Ein dabei niedriger PPV wurde durch Einführung entitätsspezifischer Cutoffs teilweise ausgeglichen. Eine geringere Genauigkeit ergab sich beim Lungenkrebs (SN 62,5 %, SP 70,5%). Bei einem durchweg hohen NPV von über 90% eignet sich der BSI v. a. zur Ausschlussdiagnostik. Im Weiteren dient die BSI-Methodik der objektiven Quantifizierung bei einer prospektiven Kohorte von 24 Patienten mit je zwei Skelettszintigraphien unterschliedlicher Detektionstechnologie: konventionelle Szintillantionskamera vs. neuartige CZT-Halbleiterkamera. Nach Abgleich mit der ärztlichen Beurteilung war in der Kohorte mit Knochenmetastasierung kein signifikanter Unterschied im BSI (0,61% vs. 0,85 %; p=0,47) festzustellen. Im dignitätsunabhängigen BSI zeigte sich median ebenfalls kein Unterschied (3,44% vs. 4,04 %; p=0,81). Projektionsspezifisch ergab sich ein signifikanter Unterschied bei den Hotspots in der posterioren Projektion (27,0 vs. 32,5; p=0,002) bzw. regionsspezifisch im Schädel, in der Brust- und Lendenwirbelsäule sowie in Clavicula und Scapula. Die Daten deuten an, dass sich in-vivo mittels CZT-Detektoren zusätzliche Mehranreicherungen erkennen lassen.
FMM-based vortex method for simulation of isotropic turbulence on GPUs, compared with a spectral method
Creators: name: Yokota, Rio
name: Barba, L. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: G.1.2; G.1.9
subject: 76F05

description: The Lagrangian vortex method offers an alternative numerical approach for direct numerical simulation of turbulence. The fact that it uses the fast multipole method (FMM)--a hierarchical algorithm for N-body problems with highly scalable parallel implementations--as numerical engine makes it a potentially good candidate for exascale systems. However, there have been few validation studies of Lagrangian vortex simulations and the insufficient comparisons against standard DNS codes has left ample room for skepticism. This paper presents a comparison between a Lagrangian vortex method and a pseudo-spectral method for the simulation of decaying homogeneous isotropic turbulence. This flow field is chosen despite the fact that it is not the most favorable flow problem for particle methods (which shine in wake flows or where vorticity is compact), due to the fact that it is ideal for the quantitative validation of DNS codes. We use a 256^3 grid with Re_lambda=50 and 100 and look at the turbulence statistics, including high-order moments. The focus is on the effect of the various parameters in the vortex method, e.g., order of FMM series expansion, frequency of reinitialization, overlap ratio and time step. The vortex method uses an FMM code (exaFMM) that runs on GPU hardware using CUDA, while the spectral code (hit3d) runs on CPU only. Results indicate that, for this application (and with the current code implementations), the spectral method is an order of magnitude faster than the vortex method when using a single GPU for the FMM and six CPU cores for the FFT.
Stratum corneum models as pharmaceutical formulations and diastereomeric CER(AP) investigated in 2D and 3D model systems
Creators: name: Strati, Fabio
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 610

description: The stratum corneum (SC) is composed of a brick and mortar system where the bricks consist of dead corneocytes and the mortar of a dense and extremely lipophilic lipid matrix. Because of its relevant functions, the SC is studied for characterizing its precise molecular structure and as well for the delivery of dermal and transdermal formulations. In this work, a simple SC in-vitro model was developed and characterized via Langmuir monolayers. The characterized monolayer model was used for screening the potential application of non-ionic surfactants as penetration enhancers. In addition, stratum corneum liposomes, i.e. cerosomes, have been developed and characterized in order to define the mode of action by which these formulations enact their observed skin repairing effect using as model the tested SC monolayer. In parallel to these studies, a physical-chemical analysis of CER[AP] was devised. By the use of X-ray scattering based methods in mono- and multi-layer systems, the properties have been defined.
description: Das Stratum corneum (SC) besteht aus einem System aus Ziegeln und Mörtel, wobei die Ziegel aus toten Korneozyten und der Mörtel aus einer dichten und extrem lipophilen Lipidmatrix bestehen. Aufgrund seiner wichtigen Funktionen wird das SC untersucht, um seine genaue molekulare Struktur zu charakterisieren und um dermale und transdermale Formulierungen zu verabreichen. In dieser Arbeit wurde ein einfaches In-vitro-Modell der SC entwickelt und mit Hilfe von Langmuir-Monolayern charakterisiert. Das charakterisierte Monolayermodell wurde für das Screening der potenziellen Anwendung von nichtionischen Tensiden als Penetrationsverstärker verwendet. Darüber hinaus wurden Stratum-Corneum-Liposomen, d. h. Cerosomen, entwickelt und charakterisiert, um den Wirkmechanismus zu definieren, durch den diese Formulierungen ihre beobachtete hautreparierende Wirkung entfalten, wobei als Modell die getestete SC-Monoschicht diente. Parallel zu diesen Studien wurde eine physikalisch-chemische Analyse von CER[AP] entwickelt. Durch den Einsatz von auf Röntgenstreuung basierenden Methoden in Mono- und Mehrschichtsystemen wurden die Eigenschaften definiert.
Anti Xa Aktivität unter Fondaparinux bei therapeutisch und prophylaktisch antikoagulierten kardiovaskulären Patienten
Creators: name: Geisler, Andreas Christian
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 610

description: In dieser Studie wurde der Fondaparinux-Serumspiegel an den ersten 5 Tagen je 2 Stunden nach subkutaner Applikation bestimmt. Unter therapeutischer Dosierung von Fondaparinux lag die Anti Xa Aktivität an Tag eins relevant außerhalb des Zielbereichs, nicht jedoch an den Tagen 2 bis 5. Bei Patienten, die Fondaparinux in prophylaktischer Dosierung erhielten, lagen die Plasma-Anti Xa Aktivitäten an den Tagen 1, 2 und 3 relevant unterhalb des Zielbereichs, nicht jedoch an den Tagen 4 und 5. Es zeigten sich Hinweise, dass die Anti-Xa-Aktivität bei großen, eher jüngeren Männern mit einer guten Nierenfunktion niedriger als therapeutisch beabsichtigt sein könnten, unabhängig vom BMI. Außerdem zeigte sich, dass die durchschnittliche Therapiedauer im klinischen Alltag kürzer als in den Zulassungsstudien war.
description: In this study, fondaparinux serum levels were determined on each of the first 5 days 2 hours after subcutaneous application. Under therapeutic dosing of fondaparinux, anti Xa activity was relevantly outside the target range on day one, but not on days 2 to 5. In patients receiving fondaparinux in prophylactic dosing, plasma anti Xa activities were relevantly below the target range on days 1, 2 and 3, but not on days 4 and 5. Evidence was found that anti-Xa activity may be lower than therapeutically intended in large, rather younger men with good renal function, regardless of BMI. It also showed that the average duration of therapy in clinical practice was shorter than in the pivotal trials.
Der Einfluss von Alter und Infektionen auf die Differenzierung von T-Zellen bei Kindern
Creators: name: Knolle, Julienne Christine
Publisher: name: Otto-von-Guericke-Universität Magdeburg
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Adenotomie
subject: Kinderheilkunde
subject: T-Lymphozyt
subject: 618.92

description: Eine Hypertrophie der Tonsilla pharyngea (Adenoide) kommt bei Kindern häufig vor und prädisponiert zu rezidivierenden Atemwegsinfekten oder Otitis media mit Paukenerguss. Da zwar bekannt ist, dass die Qualität der T-Zell-Antwort sich während der Kindheit unterscheidet, jedoch unklar ist, welche Einflüsse hierfür verantwortlich sind, wurden in dieser Arbeit vorangegangene Infektionen und Alter als mögliche Einflussfaktoren auf die Bildung von T-Zell-Kompartimenten und multifunktionalen T- Zellen in den Adenoiden von 102 Kindern untersucht, welche aufgrund einer Adenoiden Hypertrophie einer Adenotomie unterzogen wurden. Es konnte gezeigt werden, dass ähnliche Frequenzen von naiven, T-Effektor- und T- Gedächtniszellen akkumuliert wurden, wohingegen Patienten mit Infekten in ihrer Eigenanamnese weniger multifunktionale T-Zellen aufwiesen. Während Patienten mit alleiniger nasaler Obstruktion ausgewogene TH1- und TH17-Kompartimente zeigten, dominierte TH1 bei Patienten mit einer Vorgeschichte von begleitenden Infektionen. Zudem konnte gezeigt werden, dass sich Kinder im Alter von drei Jahren oder älter signifikant von Ein- und Zweijährigen unterschieden, was einen kritischen Wechsel in der T-Zell-Differenzierung in diesem Alter impliziert. Diese Ergebnisse identifizieren somit wichtige Bereiche für die zukünftige Forschung und weisen auf eine Altersperiode in der frühen Kindheit hin, in welcher das kindliche Immunsystem bereits in der Lage zu sein scheint, der Krankheitsexposition in Adenoiden effektiv zu begegnen.
Influences in home, school and community environments on the dietary behaviours of overweight/obese adolescents
Creators: name: Watts, Allison Whitney
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2014

description: The research presented in this thesis explored relationships between healthful eating and food environments among overweight/obese adolescents. The three aims were to: 1) examine associations between parent and adolescent diets, 2) determine associations between a range of factors in the home food environment and adolescent diets, and 3) explore perceived factors that impede or facilitate healthful eating within home, school and community environments among adolescents. A secondary data analysis of baseline data collected from 176 parent-adolescent (11-16 years old) pairs who presented for an e-health intervention was conducted. Parent and adolescent intake of specific foods (vegetables and fruit (VF), total fat, sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB), desserts/treats, and snacks) was assessed from up to three 24-hour dietary recalls, while demographic and household factors were collected from questionnaires. Analyses examined associations between adolescent diets and the following parent and household factors: parent intake, parent modeling, parenting style, family meal practices, and home food and beverage availability. Upon completion of the intervention, a subset of 22 adolescents took part in a photovoice study to explore perceived barriers and facilitators to healthful eating within the home, school and community settings. Parent intake was positively associated with adolescent intake for all dietary components except for desserts/treats. Both parent modeling of healthful food choices and healthier family meal practices were associated with fewer high fat food items and soft drinks in the home, but neither were directly related to adolescent intake. The availability of less healthful foods at home was related to intake of fat, SSB, desserts/treats and snacks. These findings were further expanded by adolescents’ photographs depicting a struggle with an obesity-promoting environment. At home, themes that emerged included family meals, availability, parenting practices, modeling, celebrations, accessibility, and screen use. In the school and community, themes that emerged included availability, peers, convenience, price, school practices, marketing, and online influences. Targeting the home food environment through family-based obesity interventions and minimizing opportunities for less healthful eating in schools and communities may support dietary behaviour change among overweight/obese adolescents. Socio-ecological and systems-based approaches may help to conceptualize links between the multiple influences on dietary behaviour.
Decoherence delays false vacuum decay
Creators: name: Bachlechner, Thomas C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that gravitational interactions between massless thermal modes and a nucleating Coleman-de Luccia bubble may lead to efficient decoherence and strongly suppress metastable vacuum decay for bubbles that are small compared to the Hubble radius. The vacuum decay rate including gravity and thermal photon interactions has the exponential scaling $Γ\simΓ_{CDL}^{2}$, where $Γ_{CDL}$ is the Coleman-de Luccia decay rate neglecting photon interactions. For the lowest metastable initial state an efficient quantum Zeno effect occurs due to thermal radiation of temperatures as low as the de Sitter temperature. This strong decoherence effect is a consequence of gravitational interactions with light external mode. We argue that efficient decoherence does not occur for the case of Hawking-Moss decay. This observation is consistent with requirements set by Poincare recurrence in de Sitter space.
description: 19 pages, two figures, updated to published version
Asymptotic behavior of CLS estimators for unstable INAR(2) models
Creators: name: Barczy, Matyas
name: Ispany, Marton
name: Pap, Gyula
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60J80, 62F12

description: In this paper the asymptotic behavior of the conditional least squares estimators of the autoregressive parameters $(α,β)$, of the stability parameter $\varrho := α+ β$, and of the mean $μ$ of the innovation $\vare_k$, $k \in \NN$, for an unstable integer-valued autoregressive process $X_k = α\circ X_{k-1} + β\circ X_{k-2} + \vare_k$, $k \in \NN$, is described. The limit distributions and the scaling factors are different according to the following three cases: (i) decomposable, (ii) indecomposable but not positively regular, and (iii) positively regular models.
description: 67 pages; the CLS estimator of the mean of the innovation has been added