cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Dynamical Scattering in Coherent Hard X-Ray Nanobeam Bragg Diffraction
Creators: name: Pateras, A.
name: Park, J.
name: Ahn, Y.
name: Tilka, J. A.
name: Holt, M. V.
name: Kim, H.
name: Mawst, L. J.
name: Evans, P. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Unique intensity features arising from dynamical diffraction arise in coherent x-ray nanobeam diffraction patterns of crystals having thicknesses larger than the x-ray extinction depth or exhibiting combinations of nanoscale and mesoscale features. We demonstrate that dynamical scattering effects can be accurately predicted using an optical model combined with the Darwin theory of dynamical x-ray diffraction. The model includes the highly divergent coherent x-ray nanobeams produced by Fresnel zone plate focusing optics and accounts for primary extinction, multiple scattering, and absorption. The simulation accurately reproduces the dynamical scattering features of experimental diffraction patterns acquired from a GaAs/AlGaAs epitaxial heterostructure on a GaAs (001) substrate.
Controlling Fast Chaos in Delay Dynamical Systems
Creators: name: Blakely, J. N.
name: Illing, L.
name: Gauthier, D. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce a novel approach for controlling fast chaos in time-delay dynamical systems and use it to control a chaotic photonic device with a characteristic time scale of ~12 ns. Our approach is a prescription for how to implement existing chaos control algorithms in a way that exploits the system's inherent time-delay and allows control even in the presence of substantial control-loop latency (the finite time it takes signals to propagate through the components in the controller). This research paves the way for applications exploiting fast control of chaos, such as chaos-based communication schemes and stabilizing the behavior of ultrafast lasers.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures, to be published in Physical Review Letters
MPEC 2024-C117 : 2018 DA
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Nonparametric and Parametric Analyses of Demand for Food at Home and Away from Home
Creators: name: Chern, Wen S.
name: Lee, Hwang Jaw
name: Chern, Wen S.
name: Lee, Hwang Jaw
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1989
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
Consumer/Household Economics
Demand and Price Analysis

description: Nonparametric tests show that food at home and food away from home can be appropriately included as separate groups or a combined group in a complete demand system for the first stage budgeting. However, the estimated gross and compensated price elasticities are sensitive to alternative groupings of expenditure categories.
Theory for Self-Bound States of Dipolar Bose-Einstein Condensates
Creators: name: Wang, Yuqi
name: Guo, Longfei
name: Yi, Su
name: Shi, Tao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the self-bound states of dipolar Dy condensates with the Gaussian-state ansatz which improves the conventional coherent-state ansatz with multimode squeezed coherent states. We show that the self-bound states consist of the experimentally observed self-bound liquid phase and the unobserved self-bound gas phase. The numerically obtained gas-liquid boundary is in good agreement with experimental data. Our theory also allows one to extract the real part of the three-body coupling constant of the Dy atoms from the particle number distribution of the condensates. In particular, we results show that the self-bound states are stabilized by the short-range three-body repulsion. Our study shed a different light to understand the self-bound droplets of Bose-Einstein condensates.
description: 7 pages,6 figures
Probing the chiral limit of M_pi and f_pi in 2+1 flavor QCD with domain wall fermions from QCDOC
Creators: name: Lin, Meifeng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present results for the pseudoscalar meson masses and decay constants on 2+1 flavor DWF configurations with different sea quark masses and an inverse lattice spacing of 1.6(1) GeV, with a focus on chiral fits at small quark masses. The calculation is done on 16^3x32x8 lattices generated with the DBW2 gauge action.
description: 6 pages, 6 figures. typeset with PoS.cls. Talk presented at Lattice 2005 (Hadron Spectrum), Dublin, Ireland, July 25-30
Market Power and its Effects on Equilibrium in the Food System
Creators: name: Holloway, Garth J.
name: Hertel, Thomas W.
name: Holloway, Garth J.
name: Hertel, Thomas W.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1989
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: When food processors have conjectures about rival firms' response~ their profit functions can be used to estimate the degree of market power in the food system. The effects of this powe-r are investigated analytically and through applying the results to the U.S. pork sector.
Distance-Based Formation Tracking with Unknown Bounded Reference Velocities
Creators: name: Van Vu, Dung
name: Trinh, Minh Hoang
name: Ahn, Hyo-Sung
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: This paper studies a leader-follower formation tracking problem where the leaders are moving at the same unknown bounded velocity. A distance-based control law is proposed for follower agents to maintain the desired distances in the formation and move at the leaders' velocity. The control law consists of a component to handle the uncertainty of the leaders' velocity and a component to achieve the desired distances in finite time. Numerical simulations are also provided to support the theoretical results.
description: accepted to ICCAS 2020
Additional file 3 of Pharmacotherapy for hypertension in Sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic review and network meta-analysis
Creators: name: Seeley, Anna
name: Prynn, Josephine
name: Perera, Rachel
name: Street, Rebecca
name: Davis, Daniel
name: Etyang, Anthony O.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 3: Supplementary Figures of additional results not displayed in the infographics of the main text. Figure S1. Forest Plots showing results of network meta-analysis of monotherapy on systolic and diastolic blood pressure. Figure S2. Trends in blood pressure lowering efficacy of treatment with (a) age, (b) gender and (c) number of participants and (d) year of publication. Figure S3. Rankograms for Network Meta-analysis with exclusion of imputed missing values (a) SBP (b) DBP and exclusion of studies rates as high risk of bias (c) SBP and (d) DBP. Figure S4. Funnel plot for global meta-analysis of 31 studies, grouped by blood pressure agent class.
Calamactinia Carlgren 1949
Creators: name: Ocaña, Oscar
name: Çinar, Melih Ertan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Cnidaria
Anthozoa
Actiniaria
Halcampoididae
Calamactinia

description: Calamactinia Carlgren 1949
(emended to accommodate the new species)
 Additions to diagnosis of the genus
Family Halcampoididae with cuticle covered with small papillae; tentacles with protuberances (swellings); extended diffuse retractor occupying most of mesentery. Incubation of young specimens inside coelenteron possible in some species.
description: Published as part of Ocaña, Oscar & Çinar, Melih Ertan, 2018, Descriptions of two new genera, six new species and three new records of Anthozoa (Cnidaria) from the Sea of Marmara, pp. 2243-2282 in Journal of Natural History 52 (35 - 36) on page 2256, DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2018.1526345, http://zenodo.org/record/4747340
Additional file 1 of Socioeconomic determinants of global distribution of multiple sclerosis: an ecological investigation based on Global Burden of Disease data
Creators: name: Moghaddam, Vahid Kazemi
name: Dickerson, Aisha S.
name: Bazrafshan, Edris
name: Seyedeh Nahid Seyedhasani
name: Najafi, Fereshteh
name: Hadei, Mostafa
name: Momeni, Jalil
name: Ghasem Moradi
name: Sarmadi, Mohammad
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1.
LAC Summer Games -  2024- Correa & Garchitorena
Creators: name: Garchitorena, Francisco
name: Correa, Santiago
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: LAC
Summer Games 2024
IEA Wind Task 52

description: This work presents a solution for the IEA Wind Task 52 LAC Summer Games, specifically targeting the “30s Sprint” discipline. The objective is to enhance the response of a Lidar-assisted control system for wind turbines when subjected to a 12 m/s extreme operational gust (EOG). The proposed approach integrates a multivariable feedforward control strategy with a neural network-based pitch angle prediction. The controller modifies a conventional feedforward pitch system to maintain constant generator torque by using LIDAR to anticipate wind speed variations. The neural network is trained to predict the required pitch angle based on the Tip Speed Ratio (TSR) and thrust coefficient to reduce the fore-aft moment. Simulations using the OpenFAST aeroelastic model demonstrate significant improvements over baseline controllers, achieving a 67.9 % reduction in rotor speed deviation and a 90 % reduction in tower base fore-aft bending moment deviation. Additionally, the controller reduces rotor thrust by 22.4% compared to traditional feedback systems. These results indicate that the proposed multivariable feedforward controller, complemented by a deep neural network, provides a robust solution for improving wind turbine performance under extreme wind conditions.
Additional file 2 of Fine mapping of two grain chalkiness QTLs sensitive to high temperature in rice
Creators: name: Weifeng Yang
name: Jiayan Liang
name: Qingwen Hao
name: Luan, Xin
name: Quanya Tan
name: Shiwan Lin
name: Haitao Zhu
name: Guifu Liu
name: Zupei Liu
name: Suhong Bu
name: Shaokui Wang
name: Zhang, Guiquan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Plant Biology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 2: Figure S1. Frequency distribution of PGC in the F2 population derived from the cross of HJX74/11–09. PGC percentage of grain chalkiness. Figure S2. Frequency distribution of PGC in the F2 population derived from the cross of HJX74/HP67–11. PGC percentage of grain chalkiness.
Additional file 2 of Pharmacotherapy for hypertension in Sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic review and network meta-analysis
Creators: name: Seeley, Anna
name: Prynn, Josephine
name: Perera, Rachel
name: Street, Rebecca
name: Davis, Daniel
name: Etyang, Anthony O.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 2. Characteristics of Included Studies. Table summarising main characteristics of included studies, including data of publication, demographics of study population, and main outcomes.
Bilepton production in electron-gamma collisions
Creators: name: Soa, D. V.
name: Inami, T.
name: Long, H. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the production of bileptons, new gauge boson of lepton number two, in the minimal 3 - 3 - 1 model in high energy electron - photon collisions. If the bilepton masses are in the range of 300 GeV the reaction will give observable cross-sections in the future colliders.
description: 11 pages, Latex, 6 figures, axodraw.sty used
Rolandia coralloides Lacaze-Duthiers 1900
Creators: name: Ocaña, Oscar
name: Çinar, Melih Ertan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Cnidaria
Anthozoa
Alcyonacea
Clavulariidae
Rolandia
Rolandia coralloides

description: Rolandia coralloides Lacaze-Duthiers, 1900
(Figure 19)
To check an extensive synonymous list, see Ocaña et al. 2000.
 Material examined
 ESFM-CNI/2012-04; 2 October 2012, Sea of Marmara, K18, 40°50 ʹ 26 ʺ N, 29°07 ʹ 33 ʺ E, 25 m, growing on rocky substrate, portion of a colony.
 Remarks
 Sclerites of the specimens include crosses, fused quadruplets, shuttles and six radiates. The colony portion shows a ribbon-like stolon morphology (Figure 19 (a), 19(b)) (see Ocaña et al. 2000). Misinterpretations about the taxonomy of Evagora rosea Philippi 1842, Sarcodictyon catenatum Forbes 1847 and Rolandia coralloides de Lacaze Duthiers 1900 have been repeated until recent times, as Weinberg (1978) and Manuel (1981) considered E. rosea and R. coralloides as synonymous species. They also synonymized S. catenatum and R. rosea with Sarcodictyon roseum. Çinar et al. (2014) also included S. roseum into the checklist of Cnidaria and Ctenophora from Turkey based on the report by Ostroumoff (1894). Evagora rosea was originally described from the Mediterranean and possibly belongs to Sarcodictyon or Rolandia, but this remains uncertain due to the inaccurate description by Philippi (1842); it is even possible that it belongs to Scleranthelia Studer, 1878. In fact, after Philippi, species with some resemblance to E. rosea were generally referred to this species. The paper by Ocaña et al. (2000) proved that R. coralloides and S. catenatum are distinct species, while the validity of E. rosea and S. roseum has not been solved yet.
 Habitat
This species was found on a stone in 25 m depth.
description: Published as part of Ocaña, Oscar & Çinar, Melih Ertan, 2018, Descriptions of two new genera, six new species and three new records of Anthozoa (Cnidaria) from the Sea of Marmara, pp. 2243-2282 in Journal of Natural History 52 (35 - 36) on pages 2273-2275, DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2018.1526345, http://zenodo.org/record/4747340
The possible effects of non-universal extra dimensions on t\to c l_i^- l_j^+ and H^0 \to h^0 (A^0) l_i^- l_j^+ decays in the general two Higgs Doublet model
Creators: name: Iltan, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the effects of non-universal extra dimensions on the decay widths of the lepton flavor violating processes, $t\to c l_i^- l_j^+ $ and $H^0 \to h^0 (A^0) l_i^- l_j^+$ in the general two Higgs doublet model. We consider that the extra dimensions are accessible to the standard model gauge fields and the new Higgs doublet. We observe that the lepton flavor violating $H^0 \to h^0 (τ^+ μ^- + τ^- μ^+)$ and $H^0 \to A^0 (τ^+ μ^- + τ^- μ^+)$ Higgs decays are sensitive to the extra dimensions, especially, in the case of two spatial ones. This result may ensure a test to determine the compactification scale and the possible number of extra dimensions, with the accurate experimental measurements.
description: 21 pages, 10 figures
Driven Dissipative Majorana Dark Spaces
Creators: name: Gau, M.
name: Egger, R.
name: Zazunov, A.
name: Gefen, Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Pure quantum states can be stabilized in open quantum systems subject to external driving forces and dissipation by environmental modes. We show that driven dissipative (DD) Majorana devices offer key advantages for stabilizing degenerate state manifolds (`dark spaces') and for manipulating states in dark spaces, both with respect to native (non-DD) Majorana devices and to DD platforms with topologically trivial building blocks. For two tunnel-coupled Majorana boxes, using otherwise only standard hardware elements (e.g., a noisy electromagnetic environment and quantum dots with driven tunnel links), we propose a dark qubit encoding. We anticipate exceptionally high fault tolerance levels due to a conspiracy of DD-based autonomous error correction and topology.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures, final version accepted to PRL
Meson and Baryon Spectroscopy on a Lattice
Creators: name: McNeile, Craig
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: I review the results of hadron spectroscopy calculations from lattice QCD for an intended audience of low energy hadronic physicists. I briefly introduce the ideas of numerical lattice QCD. The various systematic errors, such as the lattice spacing and volume dependence, in lattice QCD calculations are discussed. In addition to the discussion of the properties of ground state hadrons, I also review the small amount of work done on the spectroscopy of excited hadrons and the effect of electromagnetic fields on hadron masses. I also discuss the attempts to understand the physical mechanisms behind hadron mass splittings.
description: 111 pages, 28 figures, prepared for World Scientific Publishing Company (International Review of Nuclear Physics, Vol. 9, Hadronic Physics from Lattice QCD, edited by A. M. Green)
Laboratory experiments on CO2 gas exchange with wave breaking
Creators: name: Li, Shuo
name: Babanin, Alexander V.
name: Qiao, Fangli
name: Dai, Dejun
name: Jiang, Shumin
name: Guan, Changlong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The CO2 gas transfer velocity (KCO2) at air-water interface in a wind-wave flume was estimated at the circumstance of wave breaking. Three types of dynamic processes in the flume were created: monochromatic waves generated by wavemaker, mechanically-generated monochromatic waves with superimposed wind forcing, pure wind waves with 10-meter wind speed ranging from 4.5 m/s to 15.5 m/s. Without wind forcing, KCO2 correlated with the wave breaking probability, wave height of breakers and energy loss due to wave breaking. With superimposed wind, wind speed was found to influence KCO2 both in the coupled wind/mechanical wave experiments and in pure wind waves, but wave breaking still played a significant role in CO2 gas exchange. Therefore, wave properties should be considered directly in parameterization of KCO2. A non-dimensional empirical formula was established in which KCO2 is expressed as a function of wave breaking probability, a modified Reynolds number and an enhancement factor to account for wind speed.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures
Additional file 1 of Pharmacotherapy for hypertension in Sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic review and network meta-analysis
Creators: name: Seeley, Anna
name: Prynn, Josephine
name: Perera, Rachel
name: Street, Rebecca
name: Davis, Daniel
name: Etyang, Anthony O.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1. Search Terms and strategy used for Ovid Medline search – January 2019. List of search terms used in Ovid Medline search performed in January 2019.
Towards dark space stabilization and manipulation in driven dissipative Majorana platforms
Creators: name: Gau, M.
name: Egger, R.
name: Zazunov, A.
name: Gefen, Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose driven dissipative Majorana platforms for the stabilization and manipulation of robust quantum states. For Majorana box setups, in the presence of environmental electromagnetic noise and with tunnel couplings to quantum dots, we show that the time evolution of the Majorana sector is governed by a Lindblad master equation over a wide parameter regime. For the single-box case, arbitrary pure states (`dark states') can be stabilized by adjusting suitable gate voltages. For devices with two tunnel-coupled boxes, we outline how to engineer dark spaces, i.e., manifolds of degenerate dark states, and how to stabilize fault-tolerant Bell states. The proposed Majorana-based dark space platforms rely on the constructive interplay of topological protection mechanisms and the autonomous quantum error correction capabilities of engineered driven dissipative systems. Once a working Majorana platform becomes available, only standard hardware requirements are needed to implement our ideas.
description: 23 pages, 8 figures, final version accepted to PRB
On Extended Electroweak Symmetries
Creators: name: Kong, Otto C. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss extensions of the Standard Model through extending the electroweak gauge symmetry. An extended electroweak symmetry requires a list of extra fermionic and scalar states. The former is necessary to maintain cancellation of gauge anomalies, and largely fixed by the symmetry embedding itself. The latter is usually considered quite arbitrary, so long as a vacuum structure admitting the symmetry breaking is allowed. Anomaly cancellation may be used to link the three families of quarks and leptons together, given a perspective on flavor physics. It is illustrated lately that the kind of models may also have the so-called little Higgs mechanism incorporated. This more or less fixes the scalar sector and take care of the hierarchy problem, making such models of extended electroweak symmetries quite appealing candidates as TeV scale effective field theories.
description: 1+8 pages of latex with ws-procs9x6.cls; talk presented at Coral Gables Conference 2003
Quasiparticle interference patterns as a test for the nature of the pseudogap phase in the cuprate superconductors
Creators: name: Pereg-Barnea, T.
name: Franz, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Electrons, when scattered by static random disorder, form standing waves that can be imaged using scanning tunneling microscopy. Such interference patterns, observable by the recently developed technique of Fourier transform scanning tunneling spectroscopy (FT-STS), are shown to carry unique fingerprints characteristic of the electronic order present in a material. We exploit this feature of the FT-STS technique to propose a test for the nature of the enigmatic pseudogap phase in the high-$T_c$ cuprate superconductors. Through their sensitivity to the quasiparticle spectra and coherence factors, the FT-STS patterns in principle carry enough information to unambiguously determine the nature of the condensate responsible for the pseudogap phenomenon. We argue that the next generation of FT-STS experiments, currently underway, should be able to distinguish between the pseudogap dominated by the remnants of superconducting order from the pseudogap dominated by some competing order in the particle-hole channel. Using general arguments and detailed numerical calculations, we point to certain fundamental differences between the two scenarios and discuss the prospects for future experiments.
description: 15 pages REVTeX + 9 ps figures. For related work and info visit http://www.physics.ubc.ca/~franz; version 2 to appear in IJMPB
Additional file 2 of Effects of aging on the quality of roasted sesame-like flavor Daqu
Creators: name: Guangsen Fan
name: Zhilei Fu
name: Teng, Chao
name: Pengxiao Liu
name: Qiuhua Wu
name: Md Khondakar Raziur Rahman
name: Xiuting Li
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 2: Figure S1. The clustering analysis was performed using UPGMA, which is a type of hierarchical clustering method based on unweighted UniFrac distance metrics, and showed the relationship of the prokaryotic communities in the four samples. Figure S2. PCoA analysis of the prokaryotic communities in the four samples. Figure S3. The clustering analysis was performed using UPGMA, which is a type of hierarchical clustering method based on unweighted UniFrac distance metrics, and showed the relationship of the eukaryotic communities in the four samples. Figure S4. PCoA analysis of the eukaryotic communities in the four samples.
A comparison of $\text{H}_2$ formation models at high redshift
Creators: name: Schäbe, Alexander
name: Romano-Díaz, Emilio
name: Porciani, Cristiano
name: Ludlow, Aaron D.
name: Tomassetti, Matteo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Modelling the molecular gas that is routinely detected through CO observations of high-redshift galaxies constitutes a major challenge for ab initio simulations of galaxy formation. We carry out a suite of cosmological hydrodynamic simulations to compare three approximate methods that have been used in the literature to track the formation and evolution of the simplest and most abundant molecule, H$_2$. Namely, we consider: i) a semi-empirical procedure that associates H$_2$ to dark-matter haloes based on a series of scaling relations inferred from observations, ii) a model that assumes chemical equilibrium between the H$_2$ formation and destruction rates, and iii) a model that fully solves the out-of-equilibrium rate equations and accounts for the unresolved structure of molecular clouds. We study the impact of finite spatial resolution and show that robust H$_2$ masses at redshift $z\approx 4$ can only be obtained for galaxies that are sufficiently metal enriched in which H$_2$ formation is fast. This corresponds to H$_2$ reservoirs with masses $M_{\mathrm{H_2}}\gtrsim 6\times 10^9 \mathrm{M}_\odot$. In this range, equilibrium and non-equilibrium models predict similar molecular masses (but different galaxy morphologies) while the semi-empirical method produces less H$_2$. The star formation rates as well as the stellar and H$_2$ masses of the simulated galaxies are in line with those observed in actual galaxies at similar redshifts that are not massive starbursts. The H$_2$ mass functions extracted from the simulations at $z\approx 4$ agree well with recent observations that only sample the high-mass end. However, our results indicate that most molecular material at high $z$ lies yet undetected in reservoirs with $10^9
description: 19 pages, 12 figures, 1 table, accepted for publication in MNRAS, comments are welcome
Hitobia Kamura 1992
Creators: name: Sankaran, Pradeep M.
name: Sebastian, Pothalil A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Araneae
Gnaphosidae
Hitobia

description: Genus Hitobia Kamura, 1992
 Diagnosis
For description and diagnosis of the genus, see Deeleman-Reinhold (2001).
 Type species
Hitobia unifascigera (Bösenberg & Strand, 1906), by subsequent designation.
 Distribution
East Asia (World Spider Catalog 2017).
description: Published as part of Sankaran, Pradeep M. & Sebastian, Pothalil A., 2018, New species of gnaphosid spiders (Araneae: Gnaphosidae) from the Western Ghats of India, pp. 1733-1744 in Journal of Natural History 52 (27 - 28) on page 1734, DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2018.1478998, http://zenodo.org/record/4747233
On the Origin of Divergences in Time-Dependent Orbifolds
Creators: name: Arduino, Andrea
name: Finotello, Riccardo
name: Pesando, Igor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider time-dependent orbifolds in String Theory and we show that divergences are not associated with a gravitational backreaction since they appear in the open string sector too. They are related to the non existence of the underlying effective field theory as in several cases fourth and higher order contact terms do not exist. Since contact terms may arise from the exchange of string massive states, we investigate and show that some three points amplitudes with one massive state in the open string sector are divergent on the time-dependent orbifolds. To check that divergences are associated with the existence of a discrete zero eigenvalue of the Laplacian of the subspace with vanishing volume, we construct the Generalized Null Boost Orbifold where this phenomenon can be turned on and off.
description: 43 pages
Coherent Photoproduction from Nuclei
Creators: name: Frankfurt, L.
name: Strikman, M.
name: Zhalov, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We argue that study of the cross section of coherent photo(electro) production of vector mesons off nuclear targets provides an effective method to probe the leading twist hard QCD regimes of color transparency and perturbative color opacity as well as the onset of black body limit (BBL) in the soft and hard QCD interactions. In the case of intermediate energies we use the Generalized Vector Dominance Model to take into account coherence effects for two distinctive limits - the soft interactions for production of $ρ$ and $ρ'$-mesons and the color transparency regime for production of charmonium states. We demonstrate that GVDM describes very well $ρ$-meson coherent photoproduction at $6 \leq E_γ \leq 10$ GeV and predict an oscillating energy dependence for the coherent charmonium production. In the limit of small $x$ we find that hard QCD leads to onset of the perturbative color opacity even for production of very small onium states, like $Υ$. The advantages of the process of coherent dijet photoproduction and hard diffractive processes in general for probing the onset of BBL and measuring the light-cone wave function of the photon in a hard scattering regime where decomposition over twists becomes inapplicable are explained. We apply this analysis to the study of the photon induced coherent processes in Ultra Peripheral Collisions of ions at LHC and demonstrate that the counting rates will be sufficient to study the physics of color opacity and color transparency at the energies beyond the reach of the electron-nucleon(nucleus) colliders.
description: 33 pages, 12 figs, To appear in the special issue of Acta Physica Polonica to celebrate the 65th Birthday of Professor Jan Kwiecinski
STOCHASTIC GLOBAL OPTIMIZATION METHODS PART I: CLUSTERING METHODS
Creators: name: Rinnooy Kan, A. H. G.
name: Timmer, G. T.
name: Rinnooy Kan, A. H. G.
name: Timmer, G. T.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1985
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
Research Methods/ Statistical Methods

description: In this stochastic approach to global optimization, clustering techniques are applied to identify local minima of a real valued objective function that are potentially global. Three different methods of this type are described; their accuracy and efficiency are analyzed in detail.
Quantum Macrostatistical Theory of Nonequilibrium Steady States
Creators: name: Sewell, Geoffrey L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 82C10; 82B35; 81R15

description: We provide a general macrostatistical formulation of nonequilibrium steady states of reservoir driven quantum systems. This formulation is centred on the large scale properties of the locally conserved hydrodynamical observables, and our basic assumptions comprise (a) a chaoticity hypothesis for the nonconserved currents carried by these observables, (b) an extension of Onsager's regression hypothesis to the fluctuations about nonequilibrium states, and (c) a certain mesoscopic local equilibrium hypothesis. On this basis we obtain a picture wherein the fluctuations of the hydrodynamical observables about a nonequilibrium steady state execute a Gaussian Markov process of a generalized Onsager-Machlup type, which is completely determined by the position dependent transport coefficients and the equilibrium entropy function of the system. This picture reveals that the transport coefficients satisfy a generalized form of the Onsager reciprocity relations in the nonequilibrium situation and that the spatial correlations of the hydrodynamical observables are generically of long range. This last result constitutes a model-independent generalization of that obtained for special classical stochastic systems and marks a striking difference between the steady nonequilibrium and equilibrium states, since it is only at critical points that the latter carry long range correlations.
description: 44 pages; to be published in Rev. Math. Phys
Unveiling Mechanisms of Electric Field Effects on Superconductors by Magnetic Field Response
Creators: name: Bours, Lennart
name: Mercaldo, Maria Teresa
name: Cuoco, Mario
name: Strambini, Elia
name: Giazotto, Francesco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate that superconducting aluminium nano-bridges can be driven into a state with complete suppression of the critical supercurrent via electrostatic gating. Probing both in- and out-of-plane magnetic field responses in the presence of electrostatic gating can unveil the mechanisms that primarily cause the superconducting electric field effects. Remarkably, we find that a magnetic field, independently of its orientation, has only a weak influence on the critical electric field that identifies the transition from the superconducting state to a phase with vanishing critical supercurrent. This observation points to the absence of a direct coupling between the electric field and the amplitude of the superconducting order parameter or $2π$-phase slips via vortex generation. The magnetic field effect observed in the presence of electrostatic gating is described within a microscopic model where a spatially uniform inter-band $π$-phase is stabilized by the electric field. Such an intrinsic superconducting phase rearrangement can account for the suppression of the supercurrent, as well as for the weak dependence of the critical magnetic fields on the electric field.
description: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1907.09227
Additional file 1 of Effects of aging on the quality of roasted sesame-like flavor Daqu
Creators: name: Guangsen Fan
name: Zhilei Fu
name: Teng, Chao
name: Pengxiao Liu
name: Qiuhua Wu
name: Md Khondakar Raziur Rahman
name: Xiuting Li
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Volatile compounds identified in RSF Daqu samples.
STOCHASTIC GLOBAL OPTIMIZATION METHODS PART II: MULTI LEVEL METHODS
Creators: name: Rinnooy Kan, A. H. G.
name: Timmer, G. T.
name: Rinnooy Kan, A. H. G.
name: Timmer, G. T.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1985
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
Research Methods/ Statistical Methods

description: In Part II of this paper, two stochastic methods for global optimization are described that, with probability 1, find all relevant local minima of the objective function with the smallest possible number of local searches. The computational performance of these methods is examined both analytically and empirically.
Additional file 2 of Characterisation of genetic regulatory effects for osteoporosis risk variants in human osteoclasts
Creators: name: Mullin, Benjamin H.
name: Tickner, Jennifer
name: Zhu, Kun
name: Kenny, Jacob
name: Mullin, Shelby
name: Brown, Suzanne J.
name: Dudbridge, Frank
name: Pavlos, Nathan J.
name: Mocarski, Edward S.
name: Walsh, John P.
name: Jiake Xu
name: Wilson, Scott G.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 2. Review history.
Thermodynamic scheme of inhomogeneous perfect fluid mixtures
Creators: name: Zarate, Ruben D.
name: Quevedo, Hernando
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the compatibility between the geometrodynamics and thermodynamics of a binary mixture of perfect fluids which describe inhomogeneous cosmological models. We generalize the thermodynamic scheme of general relativity to include the chemical potential of the fluid mixture with non-vanishing entropy production. This formalism is then applied to the case of Szekeres and Stephani families of cosmological models. The compatibility conditions turn out to impose symmetry conditions on the cosmological models in such a way that only the limiting case of the Friedmann-Robertson-Walker model remains compatible. This result is an additional indication of the incompatibility between thermodynamics and relativity.
Synaphosus Platnick & Shadab 1980
Creators: name: Sankaran, Pradeep M.
name: Sebastian, Pothalil A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Araneae
Gnaphosidae
Synaphosus

description: Genus Synaphosus Platnick & Shadab, 1980
 Diagnosis
For description and diagnosis of the genus, see Ovtsharenko et al. (1994).
 Type species
Synaphosus syntheticus (Chamberlin, 1924), by subsequent designation.
 Distribution
Africa, South Palaearctic and South East Asia (World Spider Catalog 2017).
description: Published as part of Sankaran, Pradeep M. & Sebastian, Pothalil A., 2018, New species of gnaphosid spiders (Araneae: Gnaphosidae) from the Western Ghats of India, pp. 1733-1744 in Journal of Natural History 52 (27 - 28) on page 1737, DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2018.1478998, http://zenodo.org/record/4747233
THE PROBLEM OF AGGREGATION OF INDIVIDUAL ECONOMIC RELATIONS; CONSISTENCY AND REPRESENTATIVITY IN A HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE
Creators: name: Van Daal, J.
name: Merkies, A. H. Q. M.
name: Van Daal, J.
name: Merkies, A. H. Q. M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1985
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
Research Methods/ Statistical Methods

description: It was already fairly late in the development of economic theory that aggregation of individual economic relations into macro relations was recognized as a serious problem. This is illustrated in this paper by pointing to the more or less incidental way in which aggregation problems are mentioned and solved in the older literature till the famous Econometrica debate in the late forties. In particular, we try to disentangle the notions of consistency and representativity.
Constraints on Axial Two-Body Currents from Solar Neutrino Data
Creators: name: Balantekin, A. B.
name: Yuksel, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We briefly review recent calculations of neutrino deuteron cross sections within the effective field theory and traditional potential model approaches. We summarize recent efforts to determine the counter term describing axial two-body currents, L_{1A}, in the effective field theory approach. We determine the counter term directly from the solar neutrino data and find several, slightly different, ranges of L_{1A} under different sets of assumptions. Our most conservative fit value with the largest uncertainty is L_{1A} = 4.5 +18/-12 fm^3. We show that the contribution of the uncertainty of L_{1A} to the analysis and interpretation of the solar neutrino data measured at the Sudbury Neutrino Observatory is significantly less than the uncertainty coming from the lack of having a better knowledge of θ_{13}.
description: 5 pages of REVTEX4 with 4 figures
Effect of lattice distortions on the electron and thermal transport properties of transparent oxide semiconductor Ba1-xSrxSnO3 solid solution films
Creators: name: Cho, Hai Jun
name: Sato, Koichi
name: Wei, Mian
name: Kim, Gowoon
name: Ohta, Hiromichi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: La-doped ASnO3 (A = Ba, Sr) have great potential as advanced transparent oxide semiconductors due to their large optical bandgap and relatively high electron mobility. The bandgap of Ba1-xSrxSnO3 solid solution increases from 3.2 eV (BaSnO3) to 4.6 eV (SrSnO3) with x. However, the increase in the bandgap is accompanied by reductions in the electrical conductivity. The versatility in the changes in the electrical properties are not trivial, and the property optimization has been challenging. Here we propose a simple metric for quantifying the transport properties of ASnO3. We investigated the electron/thermal transport properties of Ba1-xSrxSnO3 solid solution films and their relationship with the lattice distortion. The results suggest that the all transport properties of Ba1-xSrxSnO3 are dominated by the lattice distortion. This phenomenon is attributed to the distortions in the SnO6 octahedron, which consists the conduction band.
Additional file 1 of Characterisation of genetic regulatory effects for osteoporosis risk variants in human osteoclasts
Creators: name: Mullin, Benjamin H.
name: Tickner, Jennifer
name: Zhu, Kun
name: Kenny, Jacob
name: Mullin, Shelby
name: Brown, Suzanne J.
name: Dudbridge, Frank
name: Pavlos, Nathan J.
name: Mocarski, Edward S.
name: Walsh, John P.
name: Jiake Xu
name: Wilson, Scott G.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1: Tables S1-S3 and Fig. S1-S6.
Additional file 1 of Universal prevention of distress aimed at pregnant women: a systematic review and meta-analysis of psychological interventions
Creators: name: Missler, Marjolein
name: Donker, Tara
name: Roseriet Beijers
name: Marketa Ciharova
name: Moyse, Charlotte
name: De Vries, Ralph
name: Denissen, Jaap
name: Van Straten, Annemieke
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases

description: Additional file 1.
High-energy gamma-photon polarization in nonlinear Breit-Wheeler pair production and gamma-polarimetry
Creators: name: Wan, Feng
name: Wang, Yu
name: Guo, Ren-Tong
name: Chen, Yue-Yue
name: Shaisultanov, Rashid
name: Xu, Zhong-Feng
name: Hatsagortsyan, Karen Z.
name: Keitel, Christoph H.
name: Li, Jian-Xing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The interaction of an unpolarized electron beam with a counterpropagating ultraintense linearly polarized laser pulse is investigated in the quantum radiation-dominated regime. We employ a semiclassical Monte Carlo method to describe spin-resolved electron dynamics, photon emissions and polarization, and pair production. Abundant high-energy linearly polarized gamma photons are generated intermediately during this interaction via nonlinear Compton scattering, with an average polarization degree of more than 50%, which further interacting with the laser fields produce electron-positron pairs due to nonlinear Breit-Wheeler process. The photon polarization is shown to significantly affect the pair yield by a factor beyond 10%. The considered signature of the photon polarization in the pair's yield can be experimentally identified in a prospective two-stage setup. Moreover, the signature can serve also for the polarimetry of high-energy high-flux gamma photons with a resolution well below 1% with currently achievable laser facilities.
Universal properties of primary and secondary cosmic ray energy spectra
Creators: name: Smolla, Marco
name: Schäfer, Benjamin
name: Lesch, Harald
name: Beck, Christian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Atomic nuclei appearing in cosmic rays are typically classified as primary or secondary. However, a better understanding of their origin and propagation properties is still necessary. We analyse the flux of primary (He, C, O) and secondary nuclei (Li, Be, B) detected with rigidity (momentum/charge) between 2 GV and 3 TV by the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer (AMS) on the International Space Station. We show that $q$-exponential distribution functions, as motivated by generalized versions of statistical mechanics with temperature fluctuations, provide excellent fits for the measured flux of all nuclei considered. Primary and secondary fluxes reveal a universal dependence on kinetic energy per nucleon for which the underlying energy distribution functions are solely distinguished by their effective degrees of freedom. All given spectra are characterized by a universal mean temperature parameter $\sim$ 200 MeV which agrees with the Hagedorn temperature. Our analysis suggests that QCD scattering processes together with nonequilibrium temperature fluctuations provide a plausible explanation for the observed universality in cosmic ray energy spectra. Our analysis suggests that QCD scattering processes together with nonequilibrium temperature fluctuations imprint universally onto the measured cosmic ray spectra, and produce a similar shape of energy spectra as high energy collider experiments on the Earth.
description: 16 pages, 3 figures