cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Oral history interview with Thomas D. Aitken 1997
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2019
Subjects: Seismology--Research

description: Childhood: born Punxsutawney, Pennsylvania, son of civil engineer, schoolteacher; Dartmouth University: undergraduate work in chemistry, 1952-1955; United States Army: Signal Corps, 1955-1957; Columbia University: School of General Studies, B.S., geology, 1959-1961; association with Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory [LDEO], 1961-1994: multiple voyages at sea aboard Vema, Robert D. Conrad, research with Argentine geologists, promotion to chief scientist aboard sea cruises, development of seismological instrumentation, computers, supervision of data reduction and interpretation; reminiscences of colleagues.
MOESM3 of Effects of random 3D upper crustal heterogeneity on long-period (≥ 1 s) ground-motion simulations
Creators: name: Iwaki, Asako
name: Maeda, Takahiro
name: Morikawa, Nobuyuki
name: Takemura, Shunsuke
name: Fujiwara, Hiroyuki
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 3: Figure S4. PGV ratio for four realizations of random heterogeneity that are different from that in Fig. 6. Heterogeneous velocity model with a = 5 km and the source model S1_3.3 are used.
EUV Waves Driven by the Sudden Expansion of Transequatorial Loops Caused by Coronal Jets
Creators: name: Shen, Yuandeng
name: Tang, Zehao
name: Miao, Yuhu
name: Su, Jiangtao
name: Liu, Yu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present two events to study the driving mechanism of extreme-ultraviolet (EUV) waves that are not associated with coronal mass ejections (CMEs), by using high resolution observations taken by the Atmospheric Imaging Assembly (AIA) on board Solar Dynamics Observatory. Observational results indicate that the observed EUV waves were accompanied by ares and coronal jets, but without CMEs that were regarded as the driver of most EUV waves in previous studies. In the first case, it is observed that a coronal jet ejected along a transequatorial loop system at a plane-of-the-sky (POS) speed of $335 \pm 22$ km/s, in the meantime, an arc-shaped EUV wave appeared on the eastern side of the loop system. In addition, the EUV wave further interacted with another interconnecting loop system and launched a fast propagating (QFP) magnetosonic wave along the loop system, which had a period of 200 s and a speed of $388 \pm 65$ km/s, respectively. In the second case, we also observed a coronal jet ejected at a POS speed of $282 \pm 44$ km/s along a transequatorial loop system and the generation of bright EUV wave on the eastern side of the loop system. Based on the observational results, we propose that the observed EUV waves on the eastern side of the transequatorial loop systems are fast-mode magnetosonic waves, and they were driven by the sudden lateral expansion of the transequatorial loop systems due to the direct impingement of the associated coronal jets, while the QFP wave in the first case formed due to the dispersive evolution of the disturbance caused by the interaction between the EUV wave and the interconnecting coronal loops. It is noted that EUV waves driven by sudden loop expansions have shorter lifetimes than those driven by CMEs.
description: 16 pages, 7 figures, Published in ApJL
Re-evaluating the East-West divide in the European Union
Creators: name: Volintiru, Clara
name: Surubaru, Neculai-Cristian
name: Epstein, Rachel A.
name: Fagan, Adam
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Astronomical and Space Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: This introduction argues that the East-West divide in Europe continues to be politically salient since the fall of the Berlin Wall and two decades since the accession of most East Central European (ECE) countries to the European Union. We re-evaluate the nature of the East-West divide in the EU, consider its sources, and examine the interplay between political variation and cross-border economic inequalities. The fundamental question posed here is whether such divisions are persistent, intractable, or transitional. We note that earlier scholarship on the East-West divide emphasised economic divergence as a primary explanatory factor. As relevant as the economy still is, our contribution is to argue that the divide also needs to be assessed against the broader political backdrop of democratic backsliding and new geopolitical developments. Although we find that the East-West divide is still highly salient, the articles here specify how fluid categories are and how variation has emerged – both between and within countries in the ECE region. Finally, the very perception of an East-West divide is politically consequential. If unaddressed, East-West divisions and tensions will impede future reforms of the EU’s internal governance processes and limit its power on the global stage.
Sensitivity of primordial black hole abundance on the reheating phase
Creators: name: Cai, Rong-Gen
name: Liu, Tong-Bo
name: Wang, Shao-Jiang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the sensitivity of reheating history on the abundance of primordial black holes (PBHs). Contrary to the monochromatic case of mass fraction of PBH, reheating era with different e-folding and equation-of-state can have a substantial impact on the abundance of PBH with an extended mass fraction. We demonstrate explicitly this reheating sensitivity in an illustrative model of single field inflation with a quasi-inflection point, and find that both the peak position and amplitude of the extended mass fraction as well as the abundance of PBH in DM can vary by many orders of magnitude, which adds another layer of uncertainty on the PBH scenarios as dark matter.
description: v1, 8 pages, 4 figures, two columns; v2, 9 pages, 4 figures, two columns, references added, submitted to Phys.Rev.D; v3, Phys.Rev.D accepted, title changed and reheating history choices also changed according to referee's suggestion
MOESM2 of Drivers of daily movement patterns affecting an endangered vulture flight activity
Creators: name: García-Jiménez, Ruth
name: Pérez-García, Juan
name: Margalida, Antoni
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 2: Figure S1. Frequencies of fix per daylight percentage range. Table S1. Table of frequencies of fix per daylight percentage range. Figure S2. Frequencies of fix per season considering UTC Time.
Investigating inhomogeneous FM at SC/FM interfaces using point-contact Andreev spectroscopy
Creators: name: Usman, Irham Tri Muharram
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2013

description: The unconventional long range (m=1) spin triplet proximity effect is theorised to be created at a Superconductor/Ferromagnet (SC/FM) interface that is magnetically inhomogeneous and provides the conditions for spin mixing. Many experimental and theoretical works have identified the existence of the m=1 spin triplet state using Josephson junctions to show how the critical current does not diminish significantly in a thick FM layer, (thickness being relative to the decay length of a Cooper pair in an FM). In this thesis the challenge was to examine single SC/FM, interfaces via point-contact Andreev Reflection spectroscopy (PCARS), to see if it were possible to find clear signatures of the spin mixing or spin scattering conditions that facilitates formation of the spin triplet state. PCARS measurements were performed on Ho single crystals and thin films as a function of contact resistance. The results show an anomalous decrease of the polarisation parameter and an increase in interface scattering parameter as the contact resistance decreases. This is interpreted in terms of the tip experiencing a region in which some form of spin mixing or spin scattering dominates. Measurements of Ni0.19Pd0.81 spectra were also taken as a function of contact resistance but the change of polarisation and scattering parameter that was observed in the Ho samples was not observed here. PCARS temperature measurements were also taken for Ni0.03Pd0.97 to investigate if spin fluctuations close to TC could provide the magnetic inhomogeneity required for spin-mixing. However the trend in the results proved inconclusive. This is likely due to broadening that result in the fitting procedure, and the extremely small polarisation in these samples. During the course of the thesis I contributed to the development of the spectral fitting routines and examined the challenges associated with three and four parameter fitting, degenerate fits and series resistance.
Quasi-normal modes of massless scalar fields for charged black holes in the Palatini-type gravity
Creators: name: Chen, Che-Yu
name: Chen, Pisin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The scrutiny of black hole perturbations and its application to testing gravity theories have been a very crucial frontier in modern physics. In this paper we study the quasi-normal modes (QNM) of massless scalar perturbations for various charged black holes in the Palatini-type theories of gravity. Specifically, we consider the Palatini $f(R)$ theory coupled with Born-Infeld nonlinear electrodynamics and the Eddington-inspired-Born-Infeld gravity (EiBI) coupled with Maxwell electromagnetic fields. Special attention is paid to Einstein-Born-Infeld black holes, EiBI charged black holes and Born-Infeld charged black holes within $R\pm R^2$ gravity. These charged black holes are shown to be stable and their quasi-normal frequencies, including the frequencies in the eikonal limit, are calculated by using the WKB method up to the 6th order. We compare the results with the Reissner-Nordström charged black hole and prove that both the changes in the gravity sector and the matter sector of the action alter the QNM spectra.
description: 13 pages, 6 figures, revised version, accepted for publication in PRD
MOESM2 of Effects of random 3D upper crustal heterogeneity on long-period (≥ 1 s) ground-motion simulations
Creators: name: Iwaki, Asako
name: Maeda, Takahiro
name: Morikawa, Nobuyuki
name: Takemura, Shunsuke
name: Fujiwara, Hiroyuki
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 2: Figure S3. Additional examples of ground motion at shorter hypocentral distances for S2_3.3. See Fig. 4 caption for detail.
Hidden conformal symmetry for the accelerating Kerr black holes
Creators: name: Siahaan, Haryanto M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: According to Kerr/CFT correspondence, some aspects of extremal and non-extremal Kerr black holes could be explained by using a 2D CFT. This paper is devoted to show how Kerr/CFT correspondence can work for the slowly accelerating Kerr black holes, in both extremal and non-extremal cases. The equation of motion for low frequency scalar probes in the near region possesses the "hidden" conformal symmetry, similar to that of the non-accelerating version. Assuming a particular value of associated central charge, Cardy formula in 2D CFT can recover the Bekenstein-Hawking entropy for the black hole under consideration. Moreover, agreements in the scattering process between gravitational and 2D CFT dual suggest the existence of slowly accelerating Kerr/CFT duality.
description: 17 pages, no figures; v2: 19 pages, refs added, a new appendix for Kretschmann scalar
Detecting changes in high frequency data streams, with applications
Creators: name: Ross, Gordon J.
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2011

description: In recent years, problems relating to the analysis of data streams have become widespread. A data stream is a collection of time ordered observations x1, x2, ... generated from the random variables X1, X2, .... It is assumed that the observations are univariate and independent, and that they arrive in discrete time. Unlike traditional sequential analysis problems considered by statisticians, the size of a data stream is not assumed to be fixed, and new observations may be received over time. The rate at which these observations are received can be very high, perhaps several thousand every second. Therefore computational efficiency is very important, and methods used for analysis must be able to cope with potentially huge data sets. This paper is concerned with the task of detecting whether a data stream contains a change point, and extends traditional methods for sequential change detection to the streaming context. We focus on two different settings of the change point problem. The first is nonparametric change detection where, in contrast to most of the existing literature, we assume that nothing is known about either the pre- or post-change stream distribution. The task is then to detect a change from an unknown base distribution F0 to an unknown distribution F1. Further, we impose the constraint that change detection methods must have a bounded rate of false positives, which is important when it comes to assessing the significance of discovered change points. It is this constraint which makes the nonparametric problem difficult. We present several novel methods for this problem, and compare their performance via extensive experimental analysis. The second strand of our research is Bernoulli change detection, with application to streaming classification. In this setting, we assume a parametric form for the stream distribution, but one where both the pre- and post-change parameters are unknown. The task is again to detect changes, while having a control on the rate of false positives. After developing two different methods for tackling the pure Bernoulli change detection task, we then show how our approach can be deployed in streaming classification applications. Here, the goal is to classify objects into one of several categories. In the streaming case, the optimal classification rule can change over time, and classification techniques which are not able to adapt to these changes will suffer performance degradation. We show that by focusing only on the frequency of errors produced by the classifier, we can treat this as a Bernoulli change detection problem, and again perform extensive experimental analysis to show the value of our methods.
WSD algorithm based on a new method of vector-word contexts proximity calculation via epsilon-filtration
Creators: name: Kirillov, Alexander
name: Krizhanovsky, Natalia
name: Krizhanovsky, Andrew
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: I.5.3; H.3.1; H.3.3
subject: 68T50

description: The problem of word sense disambiguation (WSD) is considered in the article. Given a set of synonyms (synsets) and sentences with these synonyms. It is necessary to select the meaning of the word in the sentence automatically. 1285 sentences were tagged by experts, namely, one of the dictionary meanings was selected by experts for target words. To solve the WSD-problem, an algorithm based on a new method of vector-word contexts proximity calculation is proposed. In order to achieve higher accuracy, a preliminary epsilon-filtering of words is performed, both in the sentence and in the set of synonyms. An extensive program of experiments was carried out. Four algorithms are implemented, including a new algorithm. Experiments have shown that in a number of cases the new algorithm shows better results. The developed software and the tagged corpus have an open license and are available online. Wiktionary and Wikisource are used. A brief description of this work can be viewed in slides (https://goo.gl/9ak6Gt). Video lecture in Russian on this research is available online (https://youtu.be/-DLmRkepf58).
description: 15 pages, 1 table, 15 figures, accepted in the journal Transactions of Karelian Research Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences
MOESM1 of Drivers of daily movement patterns affecting an endangered vulture flight activity
Creators: name: García-Jiménez, Ruth
name: Pérez-García, Juan
name: Margalida, Antoni
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Cell Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1: Mean ± SD values for the three twilight phases, the solar noon and the daylength for each season in UTC Time (hh:mm). Source: www.timeanddate.com .
Limax Linnaeus, 1758, gen. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1758
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Mollusca
Gastropoda
Stylommatophora
Limacidae
Limax

description: Limax [gen. nov.]
Corpus oblongum, subtus disco plano se promovens.
Foramen ad latus, per quod genitalia & excrementa emittuntur.
Tentacula supra os quatuor.
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1758, Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on page 652, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.542, http://zenodo.org/record/3922206
Drivers of parliamentary opposition in European Union politics: institutional factors or party characteristics?
Creators: name: Persson, Thomas
name: Karlsson, Christer
name: Lehmann, Felix
name: Mårtensson, Moa
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Pharmacology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy

description: A vital political opposition is one of the cornerstones of democracy, yet we know surprisingly little about the conditions that shape it. In this paper, we offer a comprehensive assessment of the drivers of parliamentary opposition in European Union (EU) politics in five countries: Denmark; Germany; Ireland; Sweden; and the United Kingdom. Based on an extensive hand-coded data set of 7,520 statements made by members of parliament (MPs) during both plenary sessions and deliberations during European Affairs Committee (EAC) meetings, we examine how institutions and party characteristics shape two types of oppositional behaviour: the expression of critique and the presentation of alternatives. We find that both factors are important for understanding to what extent, and how, opposition is voiced in national parliaments. Oversight institutions’ strength and a party’s degree of Euroscepticism jointly function as significant determinants of the likelihood that MPs will express opposition in the form of critique. However, when it comes to the likelihood of offering alternatives, oversight institutions’ strength fails to explain variations in the share of alternatives, while degree of Euroscepticism remains a significant predictor.
Additional file 2 of Understanding how to facilitate continence for people with dementia in acute hospital settings: a mixed methods systematic review and thematic synthesis
Creators: name: Edwards, Deborah
name: Harden, Jane
name: Jones, Aled
name: Featherstone, Katie
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: Medicine
Cancer
Science Policy

description: Additional file 2: S2. Search strategy for Medline
Accelerating black holes in the low energy heterotic string theory
Creators: name: Siahaan, Haryanto M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a new solution describing a pair of rotating, charged, and accelerating black holes in in the low energy limit of heterotic string theory. To obtain the solution, we apply the Hassan-Sen transformation to the neutral accelerating Kerr spacetime as the seed solution. Some properties of the black hole solutions are discussed.
description: 15 pages, no figures; v2: refs fixed
Synchrotron and SSC Emission and the Blast-Wave Model of Gamma-Ray Bursts
Creators: name: Chiang, J.
name: Dermer, C. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the dynamics and radiation from a relativistic blast-wave which decelerates as it sweeps up ambient matter. The bulk kinetic energy of the blast-wave shell is converted into internal energy by the process of accreting external matter. If it takes the form of non-thermal electrons and magnetic fields, then this internal energy will be emitted as synchrotron and synchrotron self-Compton radiation. We perform analytic and numerical calculations for the deceleration and radiative processes and present time-resolved spectra throughout the evolution of the blast-wave. We also examine the dependence of the burst spectra and light curves on various parameters describing the magnetic field and non-thermal electron distributions. We find that for bursts such as GRB~910503, GRB~910601 and GRB~910814, the spectral shapes of the prompt gamma-ray emission at the peaks in $νF_ν$ strongly constrain the magnetic fields in these bursts to be well below ($\la 10^{-2}$) the equipartition values. These calculations are also considered in the context of the afterglow emission from the recently detected gamma-ray burst counterparts.
description: 27 pages, 5 figures, submitted to ApJ
Monopole Currents in U(1) Lattice Gauge Theory: A Comparison to an Effective Model based on Dual Superconductivity
Creators: name: Zach, Martin
name: Faber, Manfried
name: Kainz, Wolfgang
name: Skala, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compare U(1) lattice gauge theory to an effective model of Maxwell and London equations. In the effective model there is only one free parameter, the London penetration depth lambda. It turns out that one can get good agreement between both models if one modifies the usual definition of magnetic monopole currents in U(1) lattice gauge theory. This comparison also shows that already at small distances fluctuations of the occuring string are important. Further, we investigate the beta-dependence of the penetration depth and determine the suppression of the monopole condensate in flux tubes.
description: 11 pages, latex (file paper.tex), figures included in 13 separate .tex- and .eps-files, to appear in Phys.Lett.B; complete postscript file also available at ftp://is1.kph.tuwien.ac.at/pub/papers/zach/pl95.ps
Limax maximus Linnaeus, 1758, spec. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1758
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Mollusca
Gastropoda
Stylommatophora
Limacidae
Limax
Limax maximus

description: Limax maximus [spec. nov.]
L. cinereus maculatus. It. oel. 61. Fn. svec. 1278.
List. angl. app. 1. f. 2. Limax cinereus maximus striatus & maculatus.
Habitat in sylvis frondosis umbrosis.
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1758, Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on page 652, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.542, http://zenodo.org/record/3922206
Additional file 3 of Understanding how to facilitate continence for people with dementia in acute hospital settings: a mixed methods systematic review and thematic synthesis
Creators: name: Edwards, Deborah
name: Harden, Jane
name: Jones, Aled
name: Featherstone, Katie
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: Medicine
Cancer
Science Policy

description: Additional file 3: S3. Included non-research material and extracted data
Oral history interview with Thomas G. Weiss, 2006
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2020
Subjects: Conscientious objectors
Vietnam War, 1961-1975
Neutrality
Human rights
International economic relations
International organization
Peace
Conflict management

description: Thomas G. Weiss was born on February 26, 1946 in Detroit, Michigan. Education: St. Scholastica; University of Detroit Jesuit High School, 1964; BA Economics Harvard University,; MPA Princeton University; French Studies Institute de Hautes Etudes Internationales (Geneva),; PhD Political Science, Princeton University Career: Special Assistant to Vice President of Lincoln-Mercury; Volunteers in Service to America (VISTA) Youth Informatory at Riker's Island; International Labor Organization (ILO) International Institute of Labor Studies, 1970; World Law Fund; World Food Conference publication with Director of Research at United Nations Institute for Training and Research (UNITAR); UN Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD); Research Manager International Peace Academy (IPA); Research Professorship and Deputy Director at the Watson Institute for International Studies, Brown University; Co-director of Humanitarianism and War Project at Brown University; Professor and Director of the Ralph Bunche Institute, The Graduate Center at the City University of New York, August; Founder and co-author of research volume at International Commission on Intervention and State Sovereignty (ICISS), 2001; editor of Global Governance (2001); and Co-author of International Displacement: Conceptualization and Consequences (2006) Jesuit influence on education and work ethic; influence of Vietnam War and conscientious objector (CO) status on educational and career choices; transition to political science and international relations at Princeton; UNCTAD intellectual and professional culture; World Food Conference Publication; UNCTAD relationship to New International Economic Order (NIEO); career transition to peacekeeping, conflict resolution, and humanitarian intervention at IPA and the Ralph Bunche Institute; collapse of the Soviet Union; relationship between non-state, state actors, and UN; discussion of UN research publications; UN policy transition from peacekeeping to military intervention in 1990s; military intervention in Africa; ICISS, 2005 UN World Summit, and adoption of "responsibility to protect" in humanitarian intervention; limitations of human security policy; significance of UN global conferences; gender; global governance; UN Intellectual History Project and institutional memory; UN achievements; United States relationship to UN; United States hegemony; Kofi Anan's legacy; Oil-for-Food scandal; Security Council reform
The M2-brane Soliton on the M5-brane with Constant 3-Form
Creators: name: Michishita, Yoji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We obtain a BPS soliton of the effective theory of the M5-brane worldvolume with constant 3-form representing M2-branes ending on the M5-brane. The dimensional reduction of this solution agrees with the known results on D-branes.
description: latex 11 pages, 2 figures, minor corrections and references added
Novel Silicon Photomultipliers suitable for Dual-Mirror Small-Sized Telescopes of the Cherenkov Telescope Array
Creators: name: Romeo, Giuseppe
name: Bonanno, Giovanni
name: Sironi, Giorgia
name: Timpanaro, Maria Cristina
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Many of the characteristics of Silicon Photomultipliers (SiPMs), such as high Photon Detection Efficiency (PDE), are well matched to the requirements of the cameras of the Small-Sized Telescopes (SSTs) proposed for the Cherenkov Telescope Array. In fact, compared to a single mirror, the double mirror Schwarzschild Couder configuration provides a much better Point Spread Function over a large field of view. It allows better correction of aberrations at large off axis angles and facilitates the construction of compact telescopes. Moreover, the small plate scale of the dual-mirror SSTs allows the use of SiPM detectors despite their small pixel sizes. These sensors have two further advantages compared to the Photo Multipliers Tubes: the low cost and the possibility to observe in very high Night Sky Background (NSB) light level without any damage. However, one area in which SiPM performance has required improvement is Optical CrossTalk (OCT), where multiple avalanches are induced by a single impinging photon. OCT, coupled with the typical NSB rate of 25 MCnts/s per pixel during Cherenkov observations, can place severe constraints on the triggering capability of the cameras. This paper describes the performance of novel Low Voltage Reverse (LVR) 2nd and 3rd generation Multi Pixel Photon Counters manufactured by Hamamatsu Photonics. These are designed to have both enhanced PDE and reduced OCT. Two 7 x 7 mm2 S14520 LVR2 MPPCs with 75 um microcells are tested and compared with detectors of the same pixel size with 50 um microcells. A comparative analysis of a 3 x 3 mm2 S14520 LVR2 device and an S14520 LVR3 device is also carried out, demonstrating that the LVR3 gives better photon detection in the 240 380 nm wavelength range. Finally, the effect of an infrared filter on the OCT is analysed.
description: 17 pages, 17 figures, 2 tables. Submit to NIM-A Jurnal
Dynamical Chaos in the Wisdom-Holman Integrator: Origins and Solutions
Creators: name: Rauch, Kevin P.
name: Holman, Matthew
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine the non-linear stability of the Wisdom-Holman (WH) mapping applied to the integration of perturbed, highly eccentric two-body orbits. We find that the method is unstable and introduces artificial chaos into the computed trajectories, unless the step size is chosen small enough to resolve pericenter. The origin of the instability is analyzed analytically using the Stark problem as a fiducial test case. We similarly examine the robustness of several alternative methods: a regularized WH map due to Mikkola (1997); the potential-splitting (PS) approach of Lee et al. (1997); and two types of Stark-based methods. Comparative simulations show the regularized WH map to be stable at high eccentricities, and an enhanced PS algorithm to perform well when close encounters are additionally present. We find Stark-based schemes to be of marginal use in N-body type integrations.
description: 38 pages (12 figures, 1 table), AASTeX source
Landscape evolution at a young rifted margin : the Loreto region of Baja California Sur, Mexico
Creators: name: Mark, Chris
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2012

description: Continental rifts are commonly flanked by zones of high elevation. Proposed uplift mechanisms include active and induced asthenospheric upwelling, and isostatically driven lithospheric flexure. Although these hypotheses make testable and distinct predictions of the relative timing of crustal extension and rift flank uplift, the difficulty of closely constraining these processes in modern or ancient rift zones means that the issue remains controversial. This study focuses on the Loreto rift segment of the Baja California peninsula, which forms the western margin of the Late Neogene Gulf of California rift. The Loreto region is characterised by a prominent east-facing rift escarpment which separates a low-elevation coastal plain, which hosts rift-bounding faults, from a west-tilted, topographically asymmetric rift flank, incised by west-draining canyons. On the coastal plain, slip on the rift-bounding Loreto fault has driven westward retreat of the escarpment. Footwall exhumation due to escarpment retreat is reconstructed using the apatite fission track and apatite (U-Th)/He low-temperature thermochronometers to constrain the minimum age of escarpment retreat and thus also Loreto fault slip. On the rift flank west of the escarpment, canyon incision depths are obtained by analysis of digital elevation models and used as a proxy for minimum uplift magnitude. The timing and rate of rift flank canyon incision, a proxy for the timing and magnitude of rift flank surface uplift, is constrained using 40Ar/39Ar dating of lavas which display cut and fill relations with the rift flank canyons. These lavas also provide a resistant cap atop canyon interfluve mesas, and the extent of this resistant cap likely controls the extent of rift flank catchment denudation in response to uplift. The principal finding of this thesis is that rift flank surface uplift was coeval with crustal extension at Loreto, consistent with predictions made by models of rift flank uplift driven by the flexurally-distributed isostatic response to the lithospheric unloading associated with crustal extension.
MOESM1 of Effects of random 3D upper crustal heterogeneity on long-period (≥ 1 s) ground-motion simulations
Creators: name: Iwaki, Asako
name: Maeda, Takahiro
name: Morikawa, Nobuyuki
name: Takemura, Shunsuke
name: Fujiwara, Hiroyuki
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: Additional file 1. Numerical tests to investigate the effect of heterogeneity in the lower crust. CASE0, CASE1, and CASE2 correspond to the velocity models without random heterogeneity, with random heterogeneity in the upper crust, and with random heterogeneity in the upper and lower crust. Table S1. Description of the point source models. Figure S1. Velocity models used in the tests, showing the horizontal plane at depth of zero (top panel), vertical cross-sectional views at X = 50 km for CASE1 and CASE 2 (middle and bottom panels, respectively). Triangles and the stars denote the receivers and hypocenter, respectively. Grid spacing for the finite-difference simulations are 100 m and 50 m for the horizontal and vertical directions, respectively, down to the depth of 16 km. Figure S2. Velocity waveforms at the receivers for the source at the depth of (a) 10 km and (b) 25 km. Gray, red, and blue lines correspond to CASE0, CASE1, and CASE2. Waveforms are low-pass filtered at 1 Hz.
title: ADCO, Boursier de Cîteaux : comptes (1489-1493) (11 H 1166), f. 00150
Creators: name: de la Côte-d'Or, Archives départementales
name: Petot, Frédéric
name: Archives Départementales De La Côte-D'Or
name: Petot, Frédérique
name: Projet CBMA
name: CBMA/CG21/F.PETOT/2019
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Chartes de la Bourgogne du Moyen Âge
subject: comptes
subject: LaMOP
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris
subject: Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi

description: Boursier de Cîteaux : comptes (1489-1493), Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, (11 H 1166). Numérisation en mode image.
description: Relation: http://www.cbma-project.eu/
description: Bibliographic citation: Boursier de Cîteaux : comptes (1489-1493), Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, (11 H 1166), f. 00150, in Projet CBMA - Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi \[Ressource en ligne\], https:// manuscrits.cbma-project.eu/
description: Provenance: abbaye de Cîteaux
description: Provenance: http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q843261
description: Provenance: https://www.geonames.org/3024876
description: Provenance: http://www.idref.fr/030974844/id
description: Provenance: https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12228351v
Charge separation, triplets and photochemical stability in polymer / fullerene solar cells
Creators: name: Soon, Ying
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2013

description: Charge generation and stability are key issues that have great impact upon the commercial viability of organic solar cells. In this thesis, a range of donor polymers, mainly of donor-acceptor class, were employed. Various materials characterisation, photophysical and photostability studies were performed on neat polymer films and polymer/fullerene blend films with the aim of establishing relationships between material structure and device function/stability. Transient absorption spectroscopy (TAS) was employed for the photophysical studies on neat films. The photophysics of triplet excitons are found to strongly correlate with relative polymer crystallinity as determined from wide-angled x-ray diffraction (WAXD), with the more amorphous polymers exhibiting longer triplet lifetimes. The rate constant and yield of oxygen quenching of these triplet states also showed clear correlations with material crystallinity. Charge generation in polymer/fullerene blend films was investigated using TAS and steady state optical spectroscopies. Compositional dependence studies with varying fullerene loadings were conducted on two polymers of different crystallinity, with a stronger dependence being observed in the more amorphous blend films. A comparison of charge generation pathways via electron or hole transfer suggests that the energetics between donor and acceptor can affect the efficiency of these pathways. This is consistent with the observation of a correlation between polaron yield and the energy offset driving charge separation for a series of blend films. Furthermore, the polaron yield estimated from TAS was correlated with device photocurrent. Photochemical stability is of significant concern in organic solar cells, as organic materials are susceptible towards photo-oxidation. Accelerated photodegradation in neat and blend films was monitored using steady state absorption spectroscopy under oxygen atmosphere. More crystalline polymers with shorter triplet lifetimes are found to be more stable. The mechanism of photodegradation involving triplet-mediated singlet oxygen generation was investigated with a molecular fluorescent probe, and found to be a significant photodegradation pathway.
Additional file 4 of Understanding how to facilitate continence for people with dementia in acute hospital settings: a mixed methods systematic review and thematic synthesis
Creators: name: Edwards, Deborah
name: Harden, Jane
name: Jones, Aled
name: Featherstone, Katie
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: Medicine
Cancer
Science Policy

description: Additional file 4: S4. Studies excluded after full text screening
Limax flavus Linnaeus, 1758, spec. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1758
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Mollusca
Gastropoda
Stylommatophora
Limacidae
Limax
Limax flavus

description: Limax flavus [spec. nov.]
L. flavus maculatus. Faun. svec. 1280.
List. excercit. anat. 1. t. 1. Limax succini colore, albidis maculis insignitus.
Habitat inter Plantas.
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1758, Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on page 652, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.542, http://zenodo.org/record/3922206
Novel Mesoporous Catalysts for Vacuum Residue Hydrocracking
Creators: name: Puron Zepeda, Holda Maria
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2013

description: Crude oil will continue to be an essential primary energy source during this century. The decline in light crude oil has increased the share of heavy oils in the crude slate fed to refineries. The development of new catalysts that can withstand deactivation by heavy feeds can be readily applied in industry. The aims of this work centred in the development and characterisation of novel NiMo mesoporous catalysts along the testing of such materials in hydrocracking reactions using a heavy hydrocarbon feed, Maya vacuum residue (VR). Four categories of catalytic supports were synthesised: mesoporous alumina (Al2O3), mesoporous alumina doped with Cr (Al2O3-Cr), mesoporous silica alumina (MSA) and carbon nanofibres (CNF). An experimental method was developed for one hour hydrocracking reactions between 400 and 450 °C in a batch reactor using VR. Selected catalysts were utilised in a second reaction with fresh feed. The catalysts short term deactivation was investigated and related to the product distribution and reaction conditions. It was found that reaction temperature had an important impact on conversions and product distributions. The conversion of materials with a boiling point above 450 °C was mainly thermally driven. NiMo catalysts supported on Al2O3, Al2O3-Cr and CNF led to high asphaltene conversions without suffering significant deactivation. On the other hand, the MSA supported catalyst was active mainly due to thermal reactions and its pores were blocked by coke deposits by the first hour of reaction. The Al2O3-Cr support allowed not only higher NiMo dispersion than Al2O3, but also better dispersion of the coke deposits after reaction. NiMo catalysts supported on CNF showed they could be very active in VR hydroprocessing, depending on their synthesis conditions.
Residual meson-meson interaction from lattice gauge simulation in a simple QED model
Creators: name: Canosa, J. D.
name: Fiebig, H. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The residual interaction for a meson-meson system is computed utilizing the cumulant, or cluster, expansion of the momentum-space time correlation matrix. The cumulant expansion serves to define asymptotic, or free, meson-meson operators. The definition of an effective interaction is then based on a comparison of the full (interacting) and the free (noninteracting) time correlation matrices. The proposed method, which may straightforwardly be transcribed to other hadron-hadron systems, here is applied to a simple 2+1 dimensional U(1) lattice gauge model tuned such that it is confining. Fermions are treated in the staggered scheme. The effective interaction exhibits a repulsive core and attraction at intermediate relative distances. These findings are consistent with an earlier study of the same model utilizing Lüscher's method where scattering phase shifts are obtained directly.
description: 28 pages, compressed postscript file
Oral history interview with Thomas Hart Benton, 1972
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2021
Subjects: Artists--United States
Mural painting and decoration, American--20th century
Art, American
Cartooning
Art and state

description: Family background, reputation in Missouri; father's political career; trip to Joplin, early cartoonist job; Washington D.C. at turn of century; years in Paris, art movement, cafe life; populism, political and artistic; Bohemian art; capitalism and art; film work in New Jersey; effects of Armory Show; World War I naval experiences; Missouri mural; art criticism; walking tours of the South; Orozco; sculptural painting; executing a mural; New York Marxist groups, 1930s; New School mural; WPA lecture tour; homosexual influence on art world; social function of art; Joplin mural; work for Walt Disney; regionalist movement; representational artists and the War
Estimating the porosity structure of granular bodies using the Lane-Emden equation applied to laboratory measurements of the pressure-density relation of fluffy granular samples
Creators: name: Omura, Tomomi
name: Nakamura, Akiko M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The porosity structure of a granular body is an important characteristic that affects evolutionary changes in the body. We conducted compression experiments using fluffy granular samples with various particle sizes, shapes, and compositions. We approximated the pressure-filling factor relationship of each sample with a power law (a modified polytropic relationship). We also fit our previous data and literature data for fluffy granular samples using a power-law equation. The fitting with a power-law form was as good as that achieved with the equations used for powders in previous studies. The polytropic indices obtained in the current study ranged from ~0.01 to ~0.3 and tended to decrease with increasing particle size for samples of similar porosities. We calculated the radial porosity structure and bulk porosity of granular bodies with various radii using the Lane-Emden equation. The results provide the initial, most porous structures of accreted primordial bodies, or re-accumulated rubble-pile bodies consisting of particles that have compression properties similar to those of the assumed granular materials. A range of porosity structures is allowed for a body of given size and macroporosity, depending on the compression properties of the constituent granular material.
description: 2 Tables, 5 Figures Accepted for publication in ApJ. Table 2 and some typos corrected
Additional file 1: of Validation of blood culture gram staining for the detection of Staphylococcus aureus by the ‘oozing sign’ surrounding clustered gram-positive cocci: a prospective observational study
Creators: name: Hadano, Yoshiro
name: Isoda, Miwako
name: Ishibashi, Kazushige
name: Kakuma, Tatsuyuki
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Modelling sensitivity and specificity by the generalized mixed model. (DOCX 12 kb)