cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Detection of frequency-dependent dispersion measure toward the millisecond pulsar PSR J2241-5236 from contemporaneous wide-band observations
Creators: name: Kaur, Dilpreet
name: Bhat, N. D. Ramesh
name: Dai, Shi
name: McSweeney, Samuel J.
name: Shannon, Ryan M.
name: Kudale, Sanjay
name: van Straten, Willem
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Making precise measurements of pulsar dispersion measures (DMs) and applying suitable corrections for them is amongst the major challenges in high-precision timing programmes such as pulsar timing arrays (PTAs). While the advent of wide-band pulsar instrumentation can enable more precise DM measurements and thence improved timing precision, it also necessitates doing careful assessments of frequency-dependent (chromatic) DMs that was theorised by Cordes et al. (2016). Here we report the detection of such an effect in broadband observations of the millisecond pulsar PSR J2241-5236, a high-priority target for current and future PTAs. The observations were made contemporaneously using the wide-band receivers and capabilities now available at the Murchison Widefield Array (MWA), the upgraded Giant Metrewave Radio Telescope (uGMRT) and the Parkes telescopes, thus providing an unprecedentedly large frequency coverage from 80 MHz to 4 GHz. Our analysis shows the measurable changes in DM that scale with the observing frequency ($ν$) as $\rm δDM \sim ν^{2.5 \pm 0.1}$. We discuss the potential implications of such a frequency dependence in the measured DMs, and the likely impact on the timing noise budget, and comment on the usefulness of low-frequency observations in advancing PTA efforts.
description: 14 pages, 5 figures, 3 tables, Accepted for publication in The ApJ Letters
Scaling properties of elastic proton-proton scattering at LHC energies
Creators: name: Baldenegro, C.
name: Royon, C.
name: Stasto, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The TOTEM Collaboration has measured the differential cross section of elastic proton-proton scattering $\mathrm{d}σ/\mathrm{d}|t|$ at $\sqrt{s} = 2.76$, 7, 8, and 13 TeV. It is observed that all $\mathrm{d}σ/\mathrm{d}|t|$ data points vary in the same way as a function of the center-of-mass energy in the so-called "dip" and "bump" regions. These features hint at possible universal properties of elastic scattering. Based on these empirical observations, and taking inspiration from saturation models, we propose a simple scaling law for proton-proton elastic scattering at LHC energies. We find that the $\mathrm{d}σ/\mathrm{d}|t|$ at LHC energies fall onto a universal curve when they are mapped to the scaling variables $ \mathrm{d}σ/\mathrm{d}|t| \times (s/\text{TeV}^2)^{-0.305} $ versus $(s/\text{TeV}^2)^{0.065} (|t|/\text{GeV}^2)^{0.72}$. Some implications of this scaling law in the impact parameter picture of the scattering amplitudes are explored.
Colors of Irregular Satellites of Saturn with DECam
Creators: name: Peña, J.
name: Fuentes, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report g-r and r-i new colors for 21 Saturn Irregular Satellites, among them, 4 previously unreported. This is the highest number of Saturn Irregular satellites reported in a single survey. These satellites were measured by "stacking" their observations to increase their signal without trailing. This work describes a novel processing algorithm that enables the detection of faint sources under significant background noise and in front of a severely crowded field. Our survey shows these new color measurements of Saturn Irregular Satellites are consistent with other Irregular Satellites populations as found in previous works and reinforcing the observation that the lack of ultra red objects among the irregular satellites is a real feature that separates them from the trans-Neptunian objects (their posited source population).
description: 14 pages, 3 figures, 5 tables
Impact of an external energy on Yersinia enterocolitica [ATCC –23715] in relation to antibiotic susceptibility and biochemical reactions
Creators: name: Trivedi, Mahendra
Publisher: name: SMN - The ScienceMedia Network
Year: 2016
Subjects: Natural Sciences
Chemistry

description: Background:
While spiritual and mental energies are known to man, their impact has never been scientifically measurable in the material world and they remain outside the domain of science. The present experiments on Yersinia enterocolitica [ATCC –23715], report the effects of such energy transmitted through a person, Mr. Mahendrakumar Trivedi, which has produced an impact measurable in scientifically rigorous manner.

Methods:
Yersinia enterocolitica strains in revived and lyophilized state were subjected to spiritual energy transmitted through thought intervention and/or physical touch of Mr. Trivedi to the sealed tubes containing strain and were analyzed within 10 days after incubation.

Results:
The results indicated that Mr.Trivedi's energy has changed 20 of 33 biochemical characteristics of Yersinia enterocolitica along with significant changes in susceptibility pattern in 15 of 32 antibiotics. The Biotype number has changed from the original control strain giving rise to 2 different biotypes in treated samples while the external energy /treatment given was the same for all treated samples suggestive of random polymorphism as analyzed through an automated machine.

Conclusions:
These results cannot be explained by current theories of science, and indicate a potency in Mr.Trivedi's energy, providing a model for science to be able to investigate the impact of spiritual energy in a rigorous manner. In lyophilized state, biochemical and enzymatic characteristics could be altered.
How does environment affect the morphology of radio AGN?
Creators: name: Morris, Melissa Elizabeth
name: Wilcots, Eric
name: Hooper, Eric
name: Heinz, Sebastian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Galaxies hosting Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN) with bent radio jets are used as tracers of dense environments, such as galaxy groups and clusters. The assumption behind using these jets is that they are bent under ram pressure from a dense, gaseous medium through which the host galaxy moves. However, there are many AGN in groups and clusters with jets that are not bent, which leads us to ask: why are some AGN jets affected so much by their environment while others are seemingly not? We present the results of an environmental study on a sample of 185 AGN with bent jets and 191 AGN with unbent jets in which we characterize their environments by searching for neighboring galaxies using a Friends-of-Friends algorithm. We find that AGN with bent jets are indeed more likely to reside in groups and clusters, while unbent AGN are more likely to exist in singles or pairs. When considering only AGN in groups of 3 or more galaxies, we find that bent AGN are more likely to exist in halos with more galaxies than unbent AGN. We also find that unbent AGN are more likely than bent AGN to be the brightest group galaxy. Additionally, groups hosting AGN with bent jets have a higher density of galaxies than groups hosting unbent AGN. Curiously, there is a population of AGN with bent jets that are in seemingly less dense regions of space, indicating they may be embedded in a cosmic web filament. Overall, our results indicate that bent doubles are more likely to exist in in larger, denser, and less relaxed environments than unbent doubles, potentially linking a galaxy's radio morphology to its environment.
description: 18 pages, 15 figures, accepted for publication by AJ
Leveraging space-based data from the nearest Solar-type star to better understand stellar activity signatures in radial velocity data
Creators: name: Ervin, Tamar
name: Halverson, Samuel
name: Burrows, Abigail
name: Murphy, Neil
name: Roy, Arpita
name: Haywood, Raphaelle D.
name: Rescigno, Federica
name: Bender, Chad F.
name: Lin, Andrea S. J.
name: Burt, Jennifer
name: Mahadevan, Suvrath
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Stellar variability is a key obstacle in reaching the sensitivity required to recover Earth-like exoplanetary signals using the radial velocity (RV) detection method. To explore activity signatures in Sun-like stars, we present SolAster, a publicly-distributed analysis pipeline that allows for comparison of space-based measurements with ground-based disk-integrated RVs. Using high spatial resolution Dopplergrams, magnetograms, and continuum filtergrams from the Helioseismic and Magnetic Imager (HMI) aboard the Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO), we estimate 'Sun-as-a-star' disk-integrated RVs due to rotationally modulated flux imbalances and convective blueshift suppression, as well as other observables such as unsigned magnetic flux. Comparing these measurements with ground-based RVs from the NEID instrument, which observes the Sun daily using an automated solar telescope, we find a strong relationship between magnetic activity indicators and RV variation, supporting efforts to examine unsigned magnetic flux as a proxy for stellar activity in slowly rotating stars. Detrending against measured unsigned magnetic flux allows us to improve the NEID RV measurements by ~20\% (~50 cm/s in a quadrature sum), yielding an RMS scatter of ~60 cm/s over five months. We also explore correlations between individual and averaged spectral line shapes in the NEID spectra and SDO-derived magnetic activity indicators, motivating future studies of these observables. Finally, applying SolAster to archival planetary transits of Venus and Mercury, we demonstrate the ability to recover small amplitude (< 50 cm/s) RV variations in the SDO data by directly measuring the Rossiter-McLaughlin (RM) signals.
description: 20 pages, 12 figures
The Benefits of the Virtual Observatory to Underserved Communities
Creators: name: Berriman, Bruce
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Virtual Observatory,
subject: IVOA
subject: Diversity and Inclusion
subject: Open Science
subject: Observational astronomy

description: The Virtual Observatory (VO) is a global ecosystem of interoperating services that connect worldwide data archives. The VO is implemented in all major astronomy archives through common interfaces developed by the 22 members of the International Virtual Observatory Alliance (IVOA). It was founded in 2002, and the latest members, the SKA Observatory and the Kazakhstan Virtual Observatory, joined in 2022.  The VO offers access to data on FAIR principles and from its inception has supported Open Science. The VO acts a democratizing influence in astronomy: it provides equal access to worldwide public data sets to under-served communities as to large data centers, and enables international participation in scientific research and education. Thus astronomers from many different communities are positioned to participate in the big science questions emerging in astronomy in the 2020s, such as the interpretation of transient sources that will be measured in forthcoming missions such as Rubin. In addition, the IVOA has signed an MoU with the IAU Office of Astronomy for Development (OAD). Under this MoU,  IVOA members took part in "Astronomy from Archival Data" which involved Educational Activities for Under-Graduate and Post-Graduate Students organized by Dr Priya Hasan. The IVOA plans  to participate in future such educational events.  The presentation describes how new communities may participate in Virtual Observatory science and educational activities. These include practices for developing VO-compliant data centers and archives, and education and training of developers and end users.
X-ray observation of the Roche-lobe filling white dwarf plus hot subdwarf system ZTF J213056.71+442046.5
Creators: name: Mereghetti, S.
name: La Palombara, N.
name: Kupfer, T.
name: Marsh, T. R.
name: Copperwheat, C. M.
name: Deshmukh, K.
name: Esposito, P.
name: Maccarone, T.
name: Pintore, F.
name: Rigoselli, M.
name: Sandoval, L. Rivera
name: Tiengo, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: ZTF J213056.71+442046.5 is the prototype of a small class of recently discovered compact binaries composed of a white dwarf and a hot subdwarf that fills its Roche-lobe. Its orbital period of only 39 min is the shortest known for the objects in this class. Evidence for a high orbital inclination (i=86 deg) and for the presence of an accretion disk has been inferred from a detailed modeling of its optical photometric and spectroscopic data. We report the results of an XMM-Newton observation carried out on 2021 January 7. ZTF J213056.71+442046.5 was clearly detected by the Optical Monitor, which showed a periodic variability in the UV band (200-400 nm), with a light curve similar to that seen at longer wavelengths. Despite accretion on the white dwarf at an estimated rate of the order of 10^{-9} M_sun/yr, no X-rays were detected with the EPIC instrument, with a limit of ~10^{30} erg/s on the 0.2-12 keV luminosity. We discuss possible explanations for the lack of a strong X-ray emission from this system.
description: Accepted for publication on The Astrophysical Journal
Adversarial Machine Learning for Enhanced Malware Detection
Creators: name: Shahpasand, Maryam
Publisher: name: Macquarie University
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 399999
subject: Other education not elsewhere classified

description: Malware is executable code designed to inflict damage or abuse when run on a device. To improve the ability of target systems to recognise malware and protect the system, a wide range of Machine Learning (ML) models has been applied. However, the success of ML models is highly criticised for their vulnerability to Adversarial Example (AE): carefully crafted input that can mislead ML to produce an adversary’s desired output. In malware detection, an ML model that correctly detects a malware input can be fooled by a perturbed variant of that malware that resembles benign characteristics.
To improve the performance of ML models, a target’s classifier (which assesses whether a given input is malware or benign) can be trained using an attack model, which emulates a sophisticated attacker. In this thesis, we use well-known Android data sets, Drebin and APKPure, to conduct comprehensive comparative study on three feature-based attack models that are taken from the computer vision literature. Such attacks generate variants of a malware feature vector representing hypothetical variants of the actual malware. The results indicate that a Generative Adversarial Network (GAN) is the best at crafting malware that appears benign, but it has high distortion; i.e., it applies a large number of changes to the feature representation of the original malware version.
Based on this first study, we propose aGAN-based model that minimises distortion without compromising the ability to mislead classifiers. The model performance is examined against ML-based malware detectors with high detection accuracy, i.e., Drebin and MaMaDroid. It is shown that the proposed model is highly successful against the most accurate ML classifier while applying slight modification to the malware feature vector.
Lastly, an Iterative Adversarial Retraining (IAR) model is proposed for classifiers to better recognise malware. At each retraining iteration, the model uses successful and previously un-seen AEs from an attack model to augment the training set. The retrained classifiers demonstrate greater robustness that extends to assessing unfamiliar malware. The results also indicate that among the targeted attack models for training the classifiers, the proposed GAN-based attack model in this thesis provides the highest robustness against other attacks with the least impact on performance of the classifier on the original malware samples.
Overall, GAN-based models offer promising performance compared to other attack models in generating successful attacks and enhancing classifier robustness. This will have important application in reliable malware detection in adversarial environments leading to advanced protection for our computers and reducing the risk of harm to them.
Chateau Lacombe room service menu and directory
Creators: name: Canadian Pacific Railway Company. Canadian Pacific Hotels. Chateau Lacombe
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2017

description: Folder booklet describing the hotels services and menus. Also contains a paper pad, two Chateau Lacombe envelopes, a card with Canadian postal rates, two sheets of paper advertising reservations at CP hotels with an American Express card, two Chateau Lacombe postcards featuring a photo of the hotel on the front, a card describing the Chateau Lacombe's valet and laundry services, and three sheets of stationery feature the Chateau Lacombe letterhead.
Supplementary document for Antireflection and radiative cooling difunctional coating design for silicon solar cells - 6467943.pdf
Creators: name: Tu, Yiteng
name: Tan, Xinyu
name: Yang, Xiongbo
name: Qi, Guiguang
name: Yan, Kun
name: Kang, Zhe
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2025
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Supplemental Document
Barjols, atelier Fabre, fabrication du tambourin, collage de la pièce de renfort des "réganches" (poignées)
Creators: name: Musée National Des Arts Et Traditions Populaires (Paris)
name: Centre D'ethnologie Française
Publisher: name: École des Hautes Études en Sciences Sociales; Institut  interdisciplinaire d'anthropologie du contemporain (Paris); Laboratoire d'anthropologie et d'histoire de l'institution de la culture (Paris)
Year: 2024

Abstract
The  VO, FAIR Principles and Open Science
Creators: name: Berriman, Bruce
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Virtual Observatory
subject: Observational astronomy
subject: IVOA
subject: Open Science
subject: FAIR Principles

description: The Virtual Observatory (VO) is a global ecosystem of interoperating services that connect worldwide data archives. The VO is implemented in all major astronomy archives through common interfaces developed by the 22 members of the International Virtual Observatory Alliance (IVOA). It was founded in 2002, and the latest members, the SKA Observatory and the Kazakhstan Virtual Observatory, joined in 2022. The IVOA has since its inception supported the goals of Open Science and what are now known as FAIR principles: Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, Reusable. Implementation of the common interfaces, defined and documented as what are called VO protocols, go a long way towards implementing the FAIR principles. A total of eleven of the 16 enumerated FAIR principles are or will be implemented when VO protocols are employed. The remainder are generally out of scope for the IVOA. The VO acts a democratizing influence in astronomy: it provides equal access to worldwide public data sets to under-served communities as to large data centers, and enables international participation in scientific research and education. Thus astronomers from many different communities are positioned to participate in the big science questions emerging in astronomy in the 2020s.
Petrophysical Models, Their Related Assumptions And Uncertainties In Organic Shales
Creators: name: Khurram, Tayyaba
Publisher: name: University of Leicester
Year: 2025

description: A substantial challenge to the petrophysical evaluation of shale gas reservoirs can be attributed to the choice of the model used for evaluation, guided by the availability of data and parameter assumptions. One of the key parameters to consider, includes total organic carbon (TOC) estimation, which remains one of the most important attributes to measure the quality of the source rock. Despite the petrophysical and geological heterogeneities in shale formations, the fundamental underpinnings are often bypassed in both choice and comparison of models, ignoring the equivalency of parameter values across the models. This invalidates the results and limits confidence in a model's robustness.This study introduces a novel theoretical shale gas model (TSGM) aimed at advancing our comprehension of factors influencing petrophysical models. The commonly used TOC estimation methodology (ΔLogR), with a historical data set, is used as a starting point to explore the efficacy of the method by applying it to three wells in the Bowland Basin in the NW Carboniferous of England. The results show that there are issues in the application of the ΔLogR methodology, such as the picking of inherent baseline parameters, and that the level of maturity indicator (LOM) doesn’t adequately accommodate the organic and inorganic changes associated with thermal maturity. ΔLogR vs. TOC slope is simulated using TSGM; and a sensitivity analysis of TSGM suggests that inorganic porosity is a contributing factor; this has not been previously reported. Different scenarios are tested by changing the water saturation (Sw), where Sw = 1 reduces the TSGM model to the Alfred and Vernik (2013) model. The TSGM application on three wells in the Bowland Shale Formation shows that the model is generic in its application and parameters can be predicted a priori, this enables the avoidance of data overfitting, ensuring that arguments and conclusions are evidence-based.
The effect of spatial sampling on magnetic field modeling and helicity computation
Creators: name: Thalmann, J. K.
name: Gupta, Manu
name: Veronig, A. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Nonlinear force-free (NLFF) modeling is regularly used in order to indirectly infer the 3D geometry of the coronal magnetic field, not accessible on a regular basis by means of direct measurements otherwise. We study the effect of binning in time series NLFF modeling of individual active regions (ARs) in order to quantify the effect of a different underlying spatial sampling on the quality of modeling as well as on the derived physical parameters. We apply an optimization method to sequences of SDO/HMI vector magnetogram data at three different plate scales for three solar ARs to obtain nine NLFF model time series. From the NLFF models, we deduce active-region magnetic fluxes, electric currents, magnetic energies and relative helicities, and analyze those with respect to the underlying spatial sampling. We calculate various metrics to quantify the quality of the derived NLFF models and apply a Helmholtz decomposition to characterize solenoidal errors. At a given spatial sampling, the quality of NLFF modeling is different for different ARs, as well as varies along of the individual model time series. For a given AR, modeling at a given spatial sampling is not necessarily of superior quality compared to that performed with a different plate scale. Generally, the NLFF model quality tends to be higher for larger pixel sizes with the solenoidal quality being the ultimate cause for systematic variations in model-deduced physical quantities. Optimization-based modeling based on binned SDO/HMI vector data delivers magnetic energies and helicity estimates different by $\lesssim$30\%, given that concise checks ensure the physical plausibility and high solenoidal quality of the tested model. Thus, spatial-sampling-induced differences are relatively small compared to that arising from other sources of uncertainty.
description: Accepted for publication in Astronomy and Astrophysics, 11 pages, 8 figures
Barjols, atelier Fabre, fabrication du tambourin, serrage de la pièce de renfort des "réganches" (poignées)
Creators: name: Musée National Des Arts Et Traditions Populaires (Paris)
name: Centre D'ethnologie Française
Publisher: name: École des Hautes Études en Sciences Sociales; Institut  interdisciplinaire d'anthropologie du contemporain (Paris); Laboratoire d'anthropologie et d'histoire de l'institution de la culture (Paris)
Year: 2024

Abstract
Evaluation of the effectiveness of an amnion-chorion membrane for alveolar ridge preservation
Creators: name: Orlowska, Magdalena
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2024

description: This randomized, controlled, blinded clinical trial included 30 patients who required anterior tooth extraction followed by dental implant placement. Patients were randomly assigned into 2 groups, test group (TG) and control group (CG), 15 patients per group. Each group received extraction of anterior tooth with bone graft (MinerOss X Plug, Biohorizon) covered with collagen plug. Test group had additionally utilized an ACM at the top of collagen plug. CBCT and intraoral scans were taken at two time points: before tooth extraction to establish baseline bone and tissue morphology; and 4 months post-extraction. Scans and STI files were superimposed to compare bone and soft tissue changes at 2 and 4 mm. Micro CT analysis, histomorphometric (H&E, trichrome staining) analysis was completed of all 30 samples. The specimens were analyzed for the immunohistochemistry for the following proteins: RUNX2 and VEGF. Patient reported outcome was evaluated after each surgical procedure.
The population of compact radio sources in M 17
Creators: name: Yanza, Vanessa
name: Masqué, Josep M.
name: Dzib, Sergio A.
name: Rodríguez, Luis F.
name: Medina, S. -N. X.
name: Kurtz, Stan
name: Loinard, Laurent
name: Trinidad, Miguel A.
name: Menten, Karl M.
name: Rodríguez-Rico, Carlos A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a catalog of radio sources of the M 17 region based on deep X band radio observations centered at 10 GHz obtained with the Jansky Very Large Array in the A configuration. We detect a total of 194 radio sources, 12 of them extended and 182 compact. We find that a significant fraction (at least 40% in our catalog) have suspected gyrosynchrotron emission associated with stellar coronal emission. By comparing the radio luminosities of our sources with their X ray counterparts, when available, we find that they are underluminous in X rays with respect to the Güdel Benz relation, but a correlation with a similar slope is obtained provided that only sources with evident non thermal nature are selected from the sample compiled for the Orion Nebula Cluster (ONC) and M 17. The comparison of M 17 with the ONC and NGC 6334D-F leads to a similar luminosity function for the three regions, at least for the more luminous sources. However, the radio sources in M 17 are three times more numerous compared to the other regions at a given luminosity and their spatial distribution differs from that of Orion. Moreover, an arc-shaped structure of 40$"$ in extent is observed in our map, identified previously as an ionizing front, with the cometary Hyper Compact source UC1 at its focus. Archival 1 mm ALMA data reveals compact emission coincident with the radio wavelength peak, possibly associated with a protostellar disk of the massive star exciting UC1.
description: 25 pages, 8 tables, 8 figures, accepted for publication in The Astronomical Journal
A Swanson-like Hamiltonian and the inverted harmonic oscillator
Creators: name: Bagarello, Fabio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We deduce the eigenvalues and the eigenvectors of a parameter-dependent Hamiltonian $H_θ$ which is closely related to the Swanson Hamiltonian, and we construct bi-coherent states for it. After that, we show how and in which sense the eigensystem of the Hamiltonian $H$ of the inverted quantum harmonic oscillator can be deduced from that of $H_θ$. We show that there is no need to introduce a different scalar product using some ad hoc metric operator, as suggested by other authors. Indeed we prove that a distributional approach is sufficient to deal with the Hamiltonian $H$ of the inverted oscillator.
description: in press in J. Phys. A: Math. and Theor
Characterizing the $γ$-Ray Variability of Active Galactic Nuclei with Stochastic Process Method
Creators: name: Zhang, Haiyun
name: Yan, Dahai
name: Zhang, Li
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The $γ$-ray astronomy in time domain has been by now progressed further as the variabilities of Active Galactic Nuclei (AGNs) on different timescales have been reported a lot. We study the $γ$-ray variabilities of 23 jetted AGNs through applying a stochastic process method to the ~12.7 yr long-term light curve (LC) obtained by Fermi-Large Area Telescope (Fermi-LAT). In this method, the stochastically driven damped simple harmonic oscillator (SHO) and the damped random walk (DRW) models are used to model the long-term LCs. Our results show that the long-term variabilities of 23 AGNs can be characterized well by both SHO and DRW models. However, the SHO model is restricted in the over-damped mode and the parameters are poorly constrained. The SHO power spectral densities (PSDs) are same as the typical DRW PSD. In the plot of the rest-frame timescale that corresponds to the broken frequency in the PSD versus black hole mass, the intrinsic $γ$-ray characteristic timescales of 23 AGNs occupy almost the same space with the optical variability timescales obtained from the accretion disk emission. This suggests a connection between the jet and the accretion disk. Same as the optical variability of AGN accretion disk, the $γ$-ray timescale is also consistent with the thermal timescale caused by the thermal instability in the standard accretion disk of AGN.
The coherent differential imaging on speckle area nulling (CDI-SAN) method for high-contrast imaging under speckle variation
Creators: name: Nishikawa, Jun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Differential imaging is a postprocessing method to obtain high contrast, often used for exoplanet searches. The coherent differential imaging on speckle area nulling (CDI-SAN) method was developed to detect a faint exoplanet lying beneath residual speckles of a host star. It utilizes image acquisitions faster than the stellar speckle variation synchronized with five shapes of a deformable mirror repeatedly. By using the only the integrated values of each of the five images and square differences for a long interval of observations, the light of the exoplanet could be separated from the stellar light. The achievable contrast would reach to almost the photon-noise limit of the residual speckle intensities under appropriate conditions. The CDI-SAN can be applied to both ground-based and space telescopes.
description: Accepted for Publication in The Astrophysical Journal
Model building in Agricultural Economics with Machine Learning: Echoes from the past
Creators: name: Gardebroek, C.
name: Kornelis, M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
subject: Research Research Methods/Statistical Methods
subject: Machine Learning
subject: econometric modeling
subject: economic theory
subject: data analysis

description: Machine Learning tools are currently transforming empirical research in agricultural economics. However, a concern with these new tools is that they are purely data-driven. The history of economic science reveals a recurring tension between the roles of economic theory and data. The objective of this paper is to describe lessons from the apparent divergence between theory-driven and data-driven modelling approaches that can guide to the current rise of machine learning modelling in agricultural economics. We first discuss different views on using theory and data in economic building in general terms. Next, we review several key econometric papers in agricultural economics in order to show how economic theory and data are used. This is followed by an evaluation of agricultural economics publications that have employed machine learning techniques. Finally, we synthesize these findings in the discussion section and provide recommendations for the effective integration of machine learning in agricultural economics.
Le Château Champlain cahier d'imprimés
Creators: name: Canadian Pacific Railway Company. Canadian Pacific Hotels. Le Chåteau Champlain
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2016

description: Folder containing six sheets of Chateau Champlain letterhead, two Chateau Champlain envelopes, a CP Hotels notepad, two blank telegram forms, a room service menu, a room service breakfast door hanger, and the April 1980 issue of Le Ch�teau magazine.
Detection of CO emission lines in the dayside atmospheres of WASP-33b and WASP-189b with GIANO
Creators: name: Yan, F.
name: Pallé, E.
name: Reiners, A.
name: Casasayas-Barris, N.
name: Cont, D.
name: Stangret, M.
name: Nortmann, L.
name: Mollière, P.
name: Henning, Th.
name: Chen, G.
name: Molaverdikhani, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Ultra-hot Jupiters (UHJs) are expected to possess temperature inversion layers in their dayside atmospheres. Recent thermal emission observations have discovered several atomic and molecular species along with temperature inversions in UHJs. We observed the thermal emission spectra of two UHJs (WASP-33b and WASP-189b) with the GIANO-B high-resolution near-infrared spectrograph. Using the cross-correlation technique, we detected carbon monoxide (CO) in the dayside atmospheres of both planets. The detected CO lines are in emission, which agrees with previous discoveries of iron emission lines and temperature inversions in the two planets. This is the first detection of CO lines in emission with high-resolution spectroscopy. Further retrieval work combining the CO lines with other spectral features will enable a comprehensive understanding of the atmospheric properties such as temperature structures and C/O ratios. The detected CO and iron emission lines of WASP-189b have redshifted radial velocities of several km/s, which likely originate from a dayside to nightside wind in its atmosphere. Such a redshifted velocity has not been detected for the emission lines of WASP-33b, suggesting that the atmospheric circulation patterns of the two UHJs may be different.
description: 8 pages, 9 figures; accepted for publication in A&A Letter
title: A Fresh Look at the Publication and Citation Gap Between Men and Women: Insights from Economics and Political Science
Creators: name: Stockemer, Daniel
name: Galassi, Gabriela
name: Abou-El-Kheir, Engi
Publisher: name: Bank of Canada
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/05cc98565
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2025

description: In recent years, significant efforts have been made to attract more women into academia and to support their careers, with the goal of increasing their representation. Using novel data for economics and political science, collected through web-scraping the corresponding departments of the top 50 universities worldwide, we document three key findings: (i) female scholars, on average, publish less and receive fewer citations than their male counterparts; (ii) this gap is smaller at junior ranks in both disciplines; and (iii) the gap decreases in departments with a higher proportion of female scholars, particularly in political science, where female faculty representation is generally higher compared to economics. Gaps do not differ significantly by field in economics, where a substantial proportion of women are concentrated in microeconomic subfields. Overall, our results underscore a persistent publication and citation gap between men and women in both disciplines, primarily driven by full professors, while suggesting that this gap diminishes in departments with greater sex balance among faculty.
description: Au cours des dernières années, des efforts considérables ont été déployés pour attirer davantage de femmes dans le milieu universitaire et pour faire avancer leur carrière, dans le but d’accroître leur représentation. Sur les deux disciplines que sont l’économie et la science politique, trois principaux résultats se dégagent des données innovantes recueillies par le moissonnage des sites Web des départements correspondants des 50 plus grandes universités dans le monde : i) en moyenne, les femmes universitaires publient moins que leurs homologues masculins et leurs travaux sont moins cités; ii) cet écart est plus faible aux échelons inférieurs dans les deux disciplines; iii) il est moins marqué dans les départements où il y a une plus grande proportion de femmes, en particulier en science politique, discipline où la représentation des femmes à l’intérieur du corps enseignant est généralement plus élevée que dans les départements d’économie. Les écarts ne varient pas sensiblement d’un domaine à l’autre de l’économie, une proportion importante des femmes étant même concentrée dans les filières de la microéconomie. Dans l’ensemble, nos résultats mettent en évidence un écart persistant entre les hommes et les femmes dans les deux disciplines quant au nombre de travaux publiés et cités, surtout parmi les professeures et professeurs titulaires, tout en donnant à penser que cet écart tend à se réduire dans les départements où l’équilibre entre les sexes est plus élevé au sein du corps professoral.
Toward Astrometric Constraints on a Supermassive Black Hole Binary in the Early-Type Galaxy NGC\,4472
Creators: name: Wrobel, J. M.
name: Lazio, T. J. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The merger of two galaxies, each hosting a supermassive black hole (SMBH) of mass $10^6$\,M$_{\odot}$ or more, could yield a bound SMBH binary. For the early-type galaxy NGC\,4472, we study how astrometry with a next-generation Very Large Array (ngVLA) could be used to monitor the reflex motion of the primary SMBH of mass $M_{\rm pri}$, as it is tugged on by the secondary SMBH of mass $M_{\rm sec}$. Casting the orbit of the putative SMBH binary in terms of its period $P$, semimajor axis $a_{\rm bin}$, and mass ratio $q = M_{\rm sec} / M_{\rm pri} \le 1$, we find the following: (1) Orbits with fiducial periods of $P = 4$\,yr and 40\,yr could be spatially resolved and monitored. (2) For a 95\% accuracy of $2\,μ$as per monitoring epoch, sub-parsec values of $a_{\rm bin}$ could be accessed over a range of mass ratios notionally encompassing major ($q > \frac{1}{4}$) and minor ($q < \frac{1}{4}$) galaxy mergers. (3) If no reflex motion is detected for $M_{\rm pri}$ after 1(10)\,yr of monitoring, a SMBH binary with period $P = 4(40)$\,yr and mass ratio $q > 0.01(0.003)$ could be excluded. This would suggest no present-day evidence for a past major merger like that recently simulated, where scouring by a $q \sim 1$ SMBH binary formed a stellar core with kinematic traits like those of NGC\,4472. (4) Astrometric monitoring could independently check the upper limits on $q$ from searches for continuous gravitational waves from NGC\,4472.
description: 7 pages, 2 figures, accepted by ApJ; builds upon our ngVLA Memo. #90 (arXiv:2108.07341)
title: Funktionale Organische Salze mit Chalkogenolat-, Carboxylat- und Azolat-Anionen: Auf der Suche nach neuen Elektrolytmaterialien für Energie-Speicherung und -Konversion
title: Functional Organic Salts with Chalcogenolate, Carboxylate and Azolate Anions: On Search for new Electrolyte Materials for Energy Storage and Conversion
Creators: name: Finger, Lars Hendrik
Publisher: name: Philipps-Universität Marburg
Year: 2016
Subjects: Chalkogen
Chemistry and allied sciences
Chemie
Ionische Flüssigkeit
Ionic Liquid , Chalcogen

description: New organic salts on the basis of
      chalcogenide, chalcogenolate, carboxylate and azolate anions
      were synthesised and characterised in detail. These
      substances show application potential in the area of redox
      mediators for dye sensitised solar cells (DSSC) and lithium
      ion secondary batteries.
description: Neue organische Salze auf Basis von
      Chalkogenid-, Chalkogenolat-, Carboxlat- und Azolat-Anionen
      wurden synthetisiert und umfassend charakterisiert. Die
      Verbindungen besitzen z.B. Anwendungspotential im Bereich der
      Redoxmediatoren für Farbstoff-Solarzellen (DSSC) und
      Lithium-Ionen-Akkumulatoren.
3D shape explains star formation mystery of California and Orion A
Creators: name: Kh., Sara Rezaei
name: Kainulainen, Jouni
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The new Gaia data release (EDR3) with improved astrometry has opened a new era in studying our Milky Way in fine detail. We use Gaia EDR3 astrometry together with 2MASS and WISE photometry to study two of the most massive molecular clouds in the solar vicinity: Orion A and California. Despite having remarkable similarities in the plane of the sky in terms of shape, size, and extinction, California has an order of magnitude lower star formation efficiency. We use our state-of-the-art dust mapping technique to derive the detailed three-dimensional (3D) structure of the two clouds, taking into account both distance and extinction uncertainties, and a full 3D spatial correlation between neighbouring points. We discover that, despite the apparent filamentary structure in the plane of the sky, California is a flat 120-pc-long sheet extending from 410 to 530 $pc$. We show that not only Orion A and California differ substantially in their 3D shapes, but also Orion A has considerably higher density substructures in 3D than California. This result presents a compelling reason why the two clouds have different star formation activities. We also demonstrate how the viewing angle of California can substantially change the cloud's position in the Kennicutt-Schmidt relation. This underlines the importance of 3D information in interpreting star formation relations and challenges studies that rely solely on the column density thresholds to determine star formation activities in molecular clouds. Finally, we provide accurate distance estimates to multiple lines of sight towards various parts of the two clouds.
description: Accepted for publication in ApJ Letters
title: Beiträge zur Totalsynthese von Chrolactomycin – Vinylierung vicinaler Diketoester
title: Towards the Total Synthesis of Chrolactomycin - Vinylation of Vicinal Diketo Esters
Creators: name: Baumeister, Julia
Publisher: name: Philipps-Universität Marburg
Year: 2016
Subjects: Chemistry and allied sciences
Chemie
Naturstoff , Organische Chemie
Totalsynthese
total synthesis

description: Anhand eines Modellsystems wurden
      wichtige Beiträge zur stereoselektiven Synthese des
      Chrolactomycin-Gerüsts geleistet.
description: With a model system significant
      progress was achieved towards the stereoselective total
      synthesis of the chrolactomycin core structure.
title: On Borel subalgebras of quantum groups
title: Über Borelunteralgebren von Quantengruppen
title: Über Borelunteralgebren von Quantengruppen
Creators: name: Vocke, Karolina
Publisher: name: Philipps-Universität Marburg
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Mathematik
subject: quantum group, Borel subalgebra
subject: Algebra , Darstellungstheorie
subject: representation theory
subject: Quantengruppe
subject: Borelunteralgebra, Liealgebra
subject: Rechtscoidealunteralgebra
subject: right coideal subalgebra

description: This thesis contains steps towards
      the classification of all right coideal subalgebras C of a
      quantum group with generic q, where C has the additional
      property that all irreducible representations are
      1-dimensional and C is maximal with this property. We call
      such a right coideal subalgebra a Borel subalgebra. First we
      construct for an arbitrary right coideal subalgebra a special
      choice of generators. Then we classify under some
      restrictions triangular Borelsubalgebras. We give a
      conjectural description of all Borel subalgebras in the
      general case, using the description of the graded algebra
      gr(C). Finally we work out explicitly all Borel subalgebras
      for Uq(sl2), Uq(sl3) without restrictions and all triangular
      Borel subalgebras for Uq(sl4).
description: Diese Arbeit beschäftigt sich mit
      der Klassifikation aller Rechtscoidealunteralgebren C der
      Quantengruppen bei generischem q, mit der folgenden
      Eigenschaft: Alle endlichdimensionalen irreduziblen
      Darstellungen von C sind eindimensional und C ist maximal mit
      dieser Eigenschaft. Solche Rechtscoidealunteralgebren nennen
      wir Borelunteralgebren. Zunächst konstruieren wir eine
      spezielle Wahl von Erzeugern von einer beliebigen
      Rechtscoidealunteralgebra. Dann klassifizieren wir unter
      gewissen Einschränkungen die triangulären Borelunteralgebren
      unter Verwendung der graduierten Algebra gr(C). Wir
      formulieren eine Vermutung über die Gestalt beliebiger
      Borelunteralgebren. Zuletzt arbeiten wir explizit alle
      Borelunteralgebren der Uq(sl2) und Uq(sl3) ohne
      Einschränkungen sowie alle triangulären Borelunteralgebren
      der Uq(sl4) aus.
Light bending and gravitational lensing in energy-momentum-squared gravity
Creators: name: Nazari, Elham
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the present work, we derive the motion of light in the weak-field limit of energy-momentum-squared gravity (EMSG). To do so, we introduce the post-Newtonian (PN) expansion of this modified theory of gravity. It is shown that in addition to the Newtonian potential, a new EMSG potential affects the trajectory of photons. As a result, in this theory, photons do not behave as predicted by general relativity (GR). To evaluate the EMSG theory by the solar system tests, we study light deflection and Shapiro time delay. Regarding the results obtained in \cite{bertotti2003test,shapiro2004measurement}, we restrict the free parameter of the theory and show that it lies within the range $-4.0\times 10^{-27}\, \text{m}\,\text{s}^2\,\text{kg}^{-1} < f_0' < 8.7\times 10^{-26}\,\text{m}\,\text{s}^2\,\text{kg}^{-1}$. This interval is in agreement with those derived in \cite{nazari2020Constraining,akarsu2018constraint}. This consistency manifests that this theory passes these solar system tests with flying colors. Interestingly, it turns out that the magnitude of the EMSG correction strongly depends on the density of the deflector. So, we investigate the possible effects of EMSG on images of a light source microlensed by a compact dense object such as neutron stars. It is estimated that the EMSG correction to the position of lensed images could be as large as $(1-0.1)$ micro-arcseconds which may be detected by future high-resolution missions. Moreover, the total magnification and the shape of light curves are obtained in the EMSG theory. It is revealed that except for a small deviation, the overall behavior of the EMSG light curves is similar to that in GR.
description: 19 Pages, 4 figures, accepted for publication in Physical Review D