cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
STROBE checklist: Implication of use of 2014 Integrated Management of Childhood Illness Pneumonia Guidelines with and without pulse oximetry use in Malawi
Creators: name: Hooli, Shubhada
name: Makwenda, Charles
name: Lufesi, Norman
name: Colbourn, Tim
name: Mvalo, Tisungane
name: McCollum, Eric D.
name: King, Carina
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: Respiratory diseases

description: Background: Under-5 pneumonia mortality remains high in low-income countries. In 2014 WHO advised that children with chest indrawing pneumonia, but without danger signs or SpO2 < 90% be treated in the community, rather than hospitalized. In Malawi there is limited pulse oximetry availability. Methods: Secondary analysis of 13,413 under-5 pneumonia cases in Malawi. Pneumonia associated case fatality ratios (CFR) were calculated by disease severity under the assumptions of the 2005 and 2014 WHO Integrated Management of Childhood Illness (IMCI) guidelines, with and without pulse oximetry. We investigated if pulse oximetry readings were missing not at random (MNAR). Results: The 2014 IMCI guidelines without pulse oximetry, compared to with pulse oximetry, the CFR of non-severe pneumonia doubled [RJ2] (1.5% without pulse oximetry vs 0.7% with pulse oximetry, P<0.001). When 2014 IMCI guidelines were applied with pulse oximetry and a SpO2 < 90% as the threshold for referral and/or admission, the number of cases meeting hospitalization criteria decreased by 70.3%. Unrecorded pulse oximetry readings were MNAR with an adjusted odds for mortality of 4.9 (3.8, 6.3), similar to that of a SpO2 < 90%. Although fewer girls were hospitalized, female sex was an independent mortality risk factor. Conclusions: In Malawi, implementation of the 2014 WHO IMCI pneumonia guidelines, without pulse oximetry, will miss high risk cases. Alternatively, implementation of pulse oximetry may result in a large reduction in hospitalization rates without significantly increasing non-severe pneumonia associated CFR if the inability to obtain a pulse oximetry reading is considered a WHO danger sign.
Measurement-Induced Holography and Emergent Gravity: A First-Principles Framework with Experimental Signatures
Creators: name: Chatterjee, Dristi
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: We present a complete derivation of spacetime geometry and gravity emerging from fractalpatterned quantum measurements. Beginning with a Fibonacci-tiled Lindblad operator L, we rigorously derive a log-periodic modulation of the Higgs potential:Veff (ϕ) = V0(ϕ)1 + ϵ cosβ ln ϕϕ0,where ϵ = ℏλ/(γv2) (ϵ ≲ 10−5from LHC data; note that this is distinct from the value ϵ = 0.05used in holographic phase modulation experiments). A conformal mapping to a lima¸con geometry,S(θ) = 1 + cos θ, is employed; further derivation of S(θ) from entanglement entropy (via, e.g., thereplica trick or AdS/CFT) is in progress. This suppression function modulates local spacetimecurvature via a modified Ryu-Takayanagi relation,δgµν =κ4GNS(θ)¯gµν,with κ = ϵβ2 ≈ 10−3. Time emerges as a regularized modular flow teff ∝ ϕN under the thermaltime hypothesis. We provide explicit, falsifiable experimental predictions with SNR estimates forgravitational wave detectors.

 

AcknowledgementsThe author acknowledges the use of OpenAI's ChatGPT and DeepSeek as assistive tools in the development of ideas, refinement of theoretical models, and support in drafting and editing the manuscript. The AI was employed for brainstorming, language polishing, diagram suggestions, and exploring mathematical formulations, with all conceptual direction and final interpretations guided by the author.
A Convenient Category for Higher-Order Probability Theory
Creators: name: Heunen, Chris
name: Kammar, Ohad
name: Staton, Sam
name: Yang, Hongseok
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Programming Languages (cs.PL)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: Category Theory (math.CT)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Higher-order probabilistic programming languages allow programmers to write sophisticated models in machine learning and statistics in a succinct and structured way, but step outside the standard measure-theoretic formalization of probability theory. Programs may use both higher-order functions and continuous distributions, or even define a probability distribution on functions. But standard probability theory does not handle higher-order functions well: the category of measurable spaces is not cartesian closed. Here we introduce quasi-Borel spaces. We show that these spaces: form a new formalization of probability theory replacing measurable spaces; form a cartesian closed category and so support higher-order functions; form a well-pointed category and so support good proof principles for equational reasoning; and support continuous probability distributions. We demonstrate the use of quasi-Borel spaces for higher-order functions and probability by: showing that a well-known construction of probability theory involving random functions gains a cleaner expression; and generalizing de Finetti's theorem, that is a crucial theorem in probability theory, to quasi-Borel spaces.
Active elastohydrodynamics of vesicles in narrow, blind constrictions
Creators: name: Fai, Thomas G.
name: Kusters, Remy
name: Harting, Jens
name: Rycroft, Chris H.
name: Mahadevan, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Fluid-resistance limited transport of vesicles through narrow constrictions is a recurring theme in many biological and engineering applications. Inspired by the motor-driven movement of soft membrane-bound vesicles into closed neuronal dendritic spines, here we study this problem using a combination of passive three-dimensional simulations and a simplified semi-analytical theory for active transport of vesicles that are forced through such constrictions by molecular motors. We show that the motion of these objects is characterized by two dimensionless quantities related to the geometry and the strength of forcing relative to the vesicle elasticity. We use numerical simulations to characterize the transit time for a vesicle forced by fluid pressure through a constriction in a channel, and find that relative to an open channel, transport into a blind end leads to the formation of an effective lubrication layer that strongly impedes motion. When the fluid pressure forcing is complemented by forces due to molecular motors that are responsible for vesicle trafficking into dendritic spines, we find that the competition between motor forcing and fluid drag results in multistable dynamics reminiscent of the real system. Our study highlights the role of non-local hydrodynamic effects in determining the kinetics of vesicular transport in constricted geometries.
Additional file 1 of Possible sarcopenia and risk of new-onset type 2 diabetes mellitus in older adults in China: a 7-year longitudinal cohort study
Creators: name: Luo, Chun
name: Liu, Rui-yan
name: Zhang, Guang-wu
name: Hu, Fei
name: Jin, Yu-hong
name: Liu, Bing-yang
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
classificationCode: 59999
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
classificationCode: 69999
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy
classificationCode: 111714
subject: Mental Health

description: Supplementary Material 1
Deep CFHT Y-band imaging of VVDS-F22 field: I. data products and photometric redshifts
Creators: name: Liu, Dezi
name: Yang, Jinyi
name: Yuan, Shuo
name: Wu, Xue-bing
name: Fan, Zuhui
name: Shan, Huanyuan
name: Yan, Haojing
name: Zheng, Xianzhong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present our deep $Y$-band imaging data of a two square degree field within the F22 region of the VIMOS VLT Deep Survey. The observations were conducted using the WIRCam instrument mounted at the Canada--France--Hawaii Telescope (CFHT). The total on-sky time was 9 hours, distributed uniformly over 18 tiles. The scientific goals of the project are to select faint quasar candidates at redshift $z>2.2$, and constrain the photometric redshifts for quasars and galaxies. In this paper, we present the observation and the image reduction, as well as the photometric redshifts that we derived by combining our $Y$-band data with the CFHTLenS $u^*g'r'i'z'$ optical data and UKIDSS DXS $JHK$ near-infrared data. With $J$-band image as reference total $\sim$80,000 galaxies are detected in the final mosaic down to $Y$-band $5σ$ point source limiting depth of 22.86 mag. Compared with the $\sim$3500 spectroscopic redshifts, our photometric redshifts for galaxies with $z<1.5$ and $i'\lesssim24.0$ mag have a small systematic offset of $|Δ{z}|\lesssim0.2$, 1$σ$ scatter $0.03
description: 16 pages, 12 figures, 4 tables. AJ accepted. Updated access to the data: https://zenodo.org/record/1400031
Cross-Database Liveness Detection: Insights from Comparative Biometric Analysis
Creators: name: Kuznetsov, Oleksandr
name: Zakharov, Dmytro
name: Frontoni, Emanuele
name: Maranesi, Andrea
name: Bohucharskyi, Serhii
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In an era where biometric security serves as a keystone of modern identity verification systems, ensuring the authenticity of these biometric samples is paramount. Liveness detection, the capability to differentiate between genuine and spoofed biometric samples, stands at the forefront of this challenge. This research presents a comprehensive evaluation of liveness detection models, with a particular focus on their performance in cross-database scenarios, a test paradigm notorious for its complexity and real-world relevance. Our study commenced by meticulously assessing models on individual datasets, revealing the nuances in their performance metrics. Delving into metrics such as the Half Total Error Rate, False Acceptance Rate, and False Rejection Rate, we unearthed invaluable insights into the models' strengths and weaknesses. Crucially, our exploration of cross-database testing provided a unique perspective, highlighting the chasm between training on one dataset and deploying on another. Comparative analysis with extant methodologies, ranging from convolutional networks to more intricate strategies, enriched our understanding of the current landscape. The variance in performance, even among state-of-the-art models, underscored the inherent challenges in this domain. In essence, this paper serves as both a repository of findings and a clarion call for more nuanced, data-diverse, and adaptable approaches in biometric liveness detection. In the dynamic dance between authenticity and deception, our work offers a blueprint for navigating the evolving rhythms of biometric security.
description: Presented at SCIA 2023, Lviv, Ukraine, Nov. 2023
Relating Topological Determinants of Complex Networks to Their Spectral Properties: Structural and Dynamical Effects
Creators: name: Castellano, Claudio
name: Pastor-Satorras, Romualdo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The largest eigenvalue of a network's adjacency matrix and its associated principal eigenvector are key elements for determining the topological structure and the properties of dynamical processes mediated by it. We present a physically grounded expression relating the value of the largest eigenvalue of a given network to the largest eigenvalue of two network subgraphs, considered as isolated: The hub with its immediate neighbors and the densely connected set of nodes with maximum $K$-core index. We validate this formula showing that it predicts with good accuracy the largest eigenvalue of a large set of synthetic and real-world topologies. We also present evidence of the consequences of these findings for broad classes of dynamics taking place on the networks. As a byproduct, we reveal that the spectral properties of heterogeneous networks built according to the linear preferential attachment model are qualitatively different from those of their static counterparts.
description: 18 pages, 13 figures
Alternating Minimization for Wideband Multiuser IRS-aided MIMO Systems under Imperfect CSI
Creators: name: Pérez-Adán, Darian
name: Joham, Michael
name: Fresnedo, Óscar
name: González-Coma, José P.
name: Castedo, Luis
name: Utschick, Wolfgang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: This work focuses on wideband intelligent reflecting surface (IRS)-aided multiuser MIMO systems. One of the major challenges of this scenario is the joint design of the frequency-dependent base station (BS) precoder and user filters, and the IRS phase-shift matrix which is frequency flat and common to all the users. In addition, we consider that the channel state information (CSI) is imperfect at both the transmitter and the receivers. A statistical model for the imperfect CSI is developed and exploited for the system design. A minimum mean square error (MMSE) approach is followed to determine the IRS phase-shift matrix, the transmit precoders, and the receiving filters. The broadcast (BC)- multiple access channel (MAC) duality is used to solve the optimization problem following an alternating minimization approach. Numerical results show that the proposed approach leads to substantial performance gains with respect to baseline strategies that neglect the inter-user interference and do not optimize the IRS phase-shift matrix. Further performance gains are obtained when incorporating into the system design the statistical information of the channel estimation errors.
Higher-order models capture changes in controllability of temporal networks
Creators: name: Zhang, Yan
name: Garas, Antonios
name: Scholtes, Ingo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In many complex systems, elements interact via time-varying network topologies. Recent research shows that temporal correlations in the chronological ordering of interactions crucially influence network properties and dynamical processes. How these correlations affect our ability to control systems with time-varying interactions remains unclear. In this work, we use higher-order network models to extend the framework of structural controllability to temporal networks, where the chronological ordering of interactions gives rise to time-respecting paths with non-Markovian characteristics. We study six empirical data sets and show that non-Markovian characteristics of real systems can both increase or decrease the minimum time needed to control the whole system. With both empirical data and synthetic models, we further show that spectral properties of generalisations of graph Laplacians to higher-order networks can be used to analytically capture the effect of temporal correlations on controllability. Our work highlights that (i) correlations in the chronological ordering of interactions are an important source of complexity that significantly influences the controllability of temporal networks, and (ii) higher-order network models are a powerful tool to understand the temporal-topological characteristics of empirical systems.
description: 21 pages, 6 figures
Channel Estimation and Hybrid Precoding for Frequency Selective Multiuser mmWave MIMO Systems
Creators: name: González-Coma, J. P.
name: Rodríguez-Fernández, J.
name: González-Prelcic, N.
name: Castedo, L.
name: Heath, R. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Configuring the hybrid precoders and combiners in a millimeter wave (mmWave) multiuser (MU) multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) system is challenging in frequency selective channels. In this paper, we develop a system that uses compressive estimation on the uplink to configure precoders and combiners for the downlink (DL). In the first step, the base station (BS) simultaneously estimates the channels from all the mobile stations (MSs) on each subcarrier. To reduce the number of measurements required, compressed sensing techniques are developed that exploit common support on the different subcarriers. In the second step, exploiting reciprocity and the channel estimates, the base station designs hybrid precoders and combiners. Two algorithms are developed for this purpose, with different performance and complexity tradeoffs: 1) a factorization of the purely digital solution, and 2) an iterative hybrid design. Extensive numerical experiments evaluate the proposed solutions comparing to state-of-the-art strategies, and illustrating design tradeoffs in overhead, complexity, and performance.
Reopen parameter regions in Two-Higgs Doublet Models
Creators: name: Staub, Florian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The stability of the electroweak potential is a very important constraint for models of new physics. At the moment, it is standard for Two-Higgs doublet models (THDM), singlet or triplet extensions of the standard model to perform these checks at tree-level. However, these models are often studied in the presence of very large couplings. Therefore, it can be expected that radiative corrections to the potential are important. We study these effects at the example of the THDM type-II and find that loop corrections can revive more than 50% of the phenomenological viable points which are ruled out by the tree-level vacuum stability checks. Similar effects are expected for other extension of the standard model.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures; added few explanations and fixed typos in eqs. (8)-(9), matches version accepted for publication by PLB
Channel Sensing and Communication over a Time-Correlated Channel with an Energy Harvesting Transmitter
Creators: name: Abad, Mehdi Salehi Heydar
name: Ercetin, Ozgur
name: Gündüz, Deniz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: An energy harvesting (EH) transmitter communicating over a time-correlated wireless channel is considered. The transmitter is capable of sensing the current channel state, albeit at the cost of both energy and transmission time. The EH transmitter aims to maximize its long-term throughput by choosing one of the following actions: $i)$ defer its transmission to save energy for future use, $ii)$ transmit reliably at a low rate, $iii)$ transmit at a high rate, and $iv)$ sense the channel to reveal the channel state at a cost of energy and transmission time, and then decide to defer or to transmit. The problem is formulated as a partially observable Markov decision process with a belief on the channel state. The optimal policy is shown to exhibit a threshold behavior on the belief state, with battery-dependent threshold values. The optimal threshold values and performance are characterized numerically via the value iteration algorithm as well as a policy search algorithm that exploits the threshold structure of the optimal policy. Our results demonstrate that, despite the associated time and energy cost, sensing the channel intelligently to track the channel state improves the achievable long-term throughput significantly as compared to the performance of those protocols lacking this ability as well as the one that always senses the channel.
description: IEEE Transactions on Green Communications and Networking, vol. PP, no. 99, pp. 1-1. 2017
Doublon-holon origin of the subpeaks at the Hubbard band edges
Creators: name: Lee, Seung-Sup B.
name: von Delft, Jan
name: Weichselbaum, Andreas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Dynamical mean-field theory (DMFT) studies frequently observe a fine structure in the local spectral function of the SU(2) Fermi-Hubbard model at half filling: In the metallic phase close to the Mott transition, subpeaks emerge at the inner edges of the Hubbard bands. Here we demonstrate that these subpeaks originate from the low-energy effective interaction of doublon-holon pairs, by investigating how the correlation functions of doublon and holon operators contribute to the subpeaks. A mean-field analysis of the low-energy effective Hamiltonian provides results consistent with our DMFT calculation using the numerical renormalization group as an impurity solver. In the SU(3) and SU(4) Hubbard models, the subpeaks become more pronounced due to the increased degeneracy of doublon-holon pair excitations.
description: Published version. For the detail of analytical part, refer to arXiv:1710.01171
The running of featureful primordial power spectra
Creators: name: Gariazzo, Stefano
name: Mena, Olga
name: Miralles, Victor
name: Ramírez, Héctor
name: Boubekeur, Lotfi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Current measurements of the temperature and polarization anisotropy power spectra of the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) seem to indicate that the naive expectation for the slow-roll hierarchy within the most simple inflationary paradigm may not be respected in nature. We show that a primordial power spectra with localized features could in principle give rise to the observed slow-roll anarchy when fitted to a featureless power spectrum. Future CMB missions have the key to disentangle among the two possible paradigms and firmly establish the slow-roll mechanism as the responsible one for the inflationary period in the early universe. From a model comparison perspective, and assuming that nature has chosen a featureless primordial power spectrum, we find that, while with mock Planck data there is only weak evidence against a model with localized features, upcoming CMB measurements may provide strong evidence against such a non-standard primordial power spectrum.
description: 8 pages, 2 figures; Late resubmission to match published version
Quantum-limited directional amplifiers with optomechanics
Creators: name: Malz, Daniel
name: Tóth, László D.
name: Bernier, Nathan R.
name: Feofanov, Alexey K.
name: Kippenberg, Tobias J.
name: Nunnenkamp, Andreas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Directional amplifiers are an important resource in quantum information processing, as they protect sensitive quantum systems from excess noise. Here, we propose an implementation of phase-preserving and phase-sensitive directional amplifiers for microwave signals in an electromechanical setup comprising two microwave cavities and two mechanical resonators. We show that both can reach their respective quantum limits on added noise. In the reverse direction, they emit thermal noise stemming from the mechanical resonators and we discuss how this noise can be suppressed, a crucial aspect for technological applications. The isolation bandwidth in both is of the order of the mechanical linewidth divided by the amplitude gain. We derive the bandwidth and gain-bandwidth product for both and find that the phase-sensitive amplifier has an unlimited gain-bandwidth product. Our study represents an important step toward flexible, on-chip integrated nonreciprocal amplifiers of microwave signals.
ANALYSING CUSTOMER SATISFACTION AND LOYALTY IN THE ONLINE EYEWEAR RETAIL INDUSTRY: A FOCUS ON LENSKART
Creators: name: KAAKANDIKAR, Dr.RISHIKAYSH
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: loyalty
consumer
marketing

description: This study delves into the examination of customer satisfaction and loyalty within the online eyewearretail sector, with a particular focus on Lenskart. The research aims to explore the dynamicsinfluencing customer satisfaction and its subsequent impact on fostering brand loyalty in the contextof Lenskart's online retail operations. By employing a combination of quantitative and qualitativemethodologies, this research assesses customer preferences, satisfaction levels, and the factorsinfluencing loyalty in the online eyewear industry. The study contributes insights into the strategicmanagement of customer relationships and sheds light on the pivotal role of satisfaction in engenderingbrand loyalty, offering practical implications for Lenskart and other players in the online eyewear retaillandscape
Additional file 1 of Research evidence use in local government-led public health interventions: a systematic review
Creators: name: Dam, Jennifer L.
name: Nagorka-Smith, Phoebe
name: Waddell, Alex
name: Wright, Annemarie
name: Bos, Joannette J.
name: Bragge, Peter
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1: PRISMA Checklist for Reporting Systematic Reviews.
MosquIoT: A System Based on IoT and Machine Learning for the Monitoring of Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae)
Creators: name: Aira, Javier
name: Montes, Teresa Olivares
name: Delicado, Francisco M.
name: Vezzani, Darìo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Millions of people around the world are infected with mosquito-borne diseases each year. One of the most dangerous species is Aedes aegypti, the main vector of viruses such as dengue, yellow fever, chikungunya, and Zika, among others. Mosquito prevention and eradication campaigns are essential to avoid major public health consequences. In this respect, entomological surveillance is an important tool. At present, this traditional monitoring tool is executed manually and requires digital transformation to help authorities make better decisions, improve their planning efforts, speed up execution, and better manage available resources. Therefore, new technological tools based on proven techniques need to be designed and developed. However, such tools should also be cost-effective, autonomous, reliable, and easy to implement, and should be enabled by connectivity and multi-platform software applications. This paper presents the design, development, and testing of an innovative system named MosquIoT. It is based on traditional ovitraps with embedded Internet of Things (IoT) and Tiny Machine Learning (TinyML) technologies, which enable the detection and quantification of Ae. aegypti eggs. This innovative and promising solution may help dynamically understand the behavior of Ae. aegypti populations in cities, shifting from the current reactive entomological monitoring model to a proactive and predictive digital one.
Local Lorentz covariance in finite-dimensional Local Quantum Physics
Creators: name: Raasakka, Matti
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that local Lorentz covariance arises canonically as the group of transformations between local thermal states in the framework of Local Quantum Physics, given the following three postulates: (i) Local observable algebras are finite-dimensional. (ii) Minimal local observable algebras are isomorphic to $\mathbb{M}_2(\mathbb{C})$, the observable algebra of a single qubit. (iii) The vacuum restricted to any minimal local observable algebra is a non-maximally mixed thermal state. The derivation reveals a new and surprising relation between spacetime structure and local quantum states. In particular, we show how local restrictions of the vacuum can determine the connection between different local inertial reference frames.
description: 7 pages; v3: Minor typos fixed, matches the published version. v2: The definition of local Hamiltonians is slightly changed from the previous version in order to better justify the physical identification of SL(2,C) transformations with Lorentz transformations. The rest of the paper has been modified to accommodate this change
Additional file 1 of Upregulation of hsa_circ_0002003 promotes hepatocellular carcinoma progression
Creators: name: Zhou, Lisha
name: Wang, Qianwen
name: Hou, Jun
name: Wu, Xiangwei
name: Wang, Lianghai
name: Chen, Xueling
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
classificationCode: 69999
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer

description: Supplementary Material 1
Astronomical tests for quantum black hole structure
Creators: name: Giddings, Steven B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum modifications to black holes on scales comparable to the horizon size, or even more radical physics, are apparently needed to reconcile the existence of black holes with the principles of quantum mechanics. This piece gives an overview of some possible observational tests for such departures from a classical description of black holes, via gravitational wave detection and very long baseline interferometry. (Invited comment for Nature Astronomy.)
description: 5 pages. Author's version, before final edits for journal. v2: added refs
Alternative gravity rotation curves for the Little Things Survey
Creators: name: O'Brien, James G.
name: Chiarelli, Thomas L.
name: Dentico, Jeremy
name: Stulge, Modestas
name: Stefanski, Brian
name: Moss, Robert
name: Chaykov, Spasen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Galactic rotation curves have proven to be the testing ground for dark matter bounds in spiral galaxies of all morphologies. Dwarf galaxies serve as an increasingly interesting case of rotation curve dynamics due to their typically rising rotation curve as opposed to the flattening curve of large spirals. These galaxies usually vary in galactic structure and mostly terminate at small radial distances. This, coupled with the fact that Cold Dark Matter theories struggle with the universality of galactic rotation curves, allow for exclusive features of alternative gravitational models to be analyzed. Recently, the THINGS (The HI Nearby Galactic Survey) has been extended to include a sample of 25 dwarf galaxies now known as the LITTLE THINGS Survey. Here, we present a thorough application of alternative gravitational models to the LITTLE THINGS survey, specifically focusing on conformal gravity and Modified Newtonian Dynamics. An analysis and discussion of the results of the fitting procedure of the two alternative gravitational models are explored, as well as the resulting rotation curve predictions of each. Further, we show how these two alternative gravitational models account for the recently observed universal trends in centripetal accelerations in spiral galaxies. We posit here that both conformal gravity and MOND can provide an accurate description of the galactic dynamics without the need for dark matter.
description: 13 Pages, 7 Figures, Accepted in Astrophysical Journal
Capturing Pertinent Symbolic Features for Enhanced Content-Based Misinformation Detection
Creators: name: Merenda, Flavio
name: Gómez-Pérez, José Manuel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Preventing the spread of misinformation is challenging. The detection of misleading content presents a significant hurdle due to its extreme linguistic and domain variability. Content-based models have managed to identify deceptive language by learning representations from textual data such as social media posts and web articles. However, aggregating representative samples of this heterogeneous phenomenon and implementing effective real-world applications is still elusive. Based on analytical work on the language of misinformation, this paper analyzes the linguistic attributes that characterize this phenomenon and how representative of such features some of the most popular misinformation datasets are. We demonstrate that the appropriate use of pertinent symbolic knowledge in combination with neural language models is helpful in detecting misleading content. Our results achieve state-of-the-art performance in misinformation datasets across the board, showing that our approach offers a valid and robust alternative to multi-task transfer learning without requiring any additional training data. Furthermore, our results show evidence that structured knowledge can provide the extra boost required to address a complex and unpredictable real-world problem like misinformation detection, not only in terms of accuracy but also time efficiency and resource utilization.
description: Accepted at K-CAP'23: The 12th Knowledge Capture Conference
Additional file 2 of Upregulation of hsa_circ_0002003 promotes hepatocellular carcinoma progression
Creators: name: Zhou, Lisha
name: Wang, Qianwen
name: Hou, Jun
name: Wu, Xiangwei
name: Wang, Lianghai
name: Chen, Xueling
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
classificationCode: 69999
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer

description: Supplementary Material 2
Textual Entailment for Effective Triple Validation in Object Prediction
Creators: name: García-Silva, Andrés
name: Berrío, Cristian
name: Gómez-Pérez, José Manuel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Digital Libraries (cs.DL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Knowledge base population seeks to expand knowledge graphs with facts that are typically extracted from a text corpus. Recently, language models pretrained on large corpora have been shown to contain factual knowledge that can be retrieved using cloze-style strategies. Such approach enables zero-shot recall of facts, showing competitive results in object prediction compared to supervised baselines. However, prompt-based fact retrieval can be brittle and heavily depend on the prompts and context used, which may produce results that are unintended or hallucinatory.We propose to use textual entailment to validate facts extracted from language models through cloze statements. Our results show that triple validation based on textual entailment improves language model predictions in different training regimes. Furthermore, we show that entailment-based triple validation is also effective to validate candidate facts extracted from other sources including existing knowledge graphs and text passages where named entities are recognized.
description: Accepted to ISWC'23 - The International Semantic Web Conference
Search for Heavy Sterile Neutrinos in Trileptons at the LHC
Creators: name: Dib, Claudio O.
name: Kim, C. S.
name: Wang, Kechen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a search strategy for both Dirac and Majorana sterile neutrinos from the purely leptonic decays of $W^\pm \to e^\pm e^\pm μ^\mp ν$ and $μ^\pm μ^\pm e^\mp ν$ at the 14 TeV LHC. The discovery and exclusion limits for sterile neutrinos are shown using both the Cut-and-Count (CC) and Multi-Variate Analysis (MVA) methods. We also discriminate between Dirac and Majorana sterile neutrinos by exploiting a set of kinematic observables which differ between the Dirac and Majorana cases. We find that the MVA method, compared to the more common CC method, can greatly enhance the discovery and discrimination limits. Two benchmark points with sterile neutrino mass $m_N = 20$ GeV and 50 GeV are tested. For an integrated luminosity of 3000 ${\rm fb}^{-1}$, sterile neutrinos can be found with $5 σ$ significance if heavy-to-light neutrino mixings $|U_{Ne}|^2 \sim |U_{Nμ}|^2\sim 10^{-6}$, while Majorana vs. Dirac discrimination can be reached if at least one of the mixings is of order $10^{-5}$.
description: 4 pages, 6 figures. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1703.01934
Momentary Stressor Logging and Reflective Visualizations: Implications for Stress Management with Wearables
Creators: name: Neupane, Sameer
name: Saha, Mithun
name: Ali, Nasir
name: Hnat, Timothy
name: Samiei, Shahin Alan
name: Nandugudi, Anandatirtha
name: Almeida, David M.
name: Kumar, Santosh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Commercial wearables from Fitbit, Garmin, and Whoop have recently introduced real-time notifications based on detecting changes in physiological responses indicating potential stress. In this paper, we investigate how these new capabilities can be leveraged to improve stress management. We developed a smartwatch app, a smartphone app, and a cloud service, and conducted a 100-day field study with 122 participants who received prompts triggered by physiological responses several times a day. They were asked whether they were stressed, and if so, to log the most likely stressor. Each week, participants received new visualizations of their data to self-reflect on patterns and trends. Participants reported better awareness of their stressors, and self-initiating fourteen kinds of behavioral changes to reduce stress in their daily lives. Repeated self-reports over 14 weeks showed reductions in both stress intensity (in 26,521 momentary ratings) and stress frequency (in 1,057 weekly surveys).
description: In CHI '24 Proceedings of the CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems Honolulu, HI, USA
Additional file 2 of Research evidence use in local government-led public health interventions: a systematic review
Creators: name: Dam, Jennifer L.
name: Nagorka-Smith, Phoebe
name: Waddell, Alex
name: Wright, Annemarie
name: Bos, Joannette J.
name: Bragge, Peter
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 2: Classification of public health: top two levels of all classes.
A growth diagram for plasma-assisted molecular beam epitaxy of GaN nanocolumns on Si(111)
Creators: name: Fernández-Garrido, S.
name: Grandal, J.
name: Calleja, E.
name: Sánchez-García, M. A.
name: López-Romero, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The morphology of GaN samples grown by plasma-assisted molecular beam epitaxy on Si(111) was systematically studied as a function of impinging Ga/N flux ratio and growth temperature (750-850°C).Two different growth regimes were identified: compact and nanocolumnar. A growth diagram was established as a function of growth parameters, exhibiting the transition between growth regimes, and showing under which growth conditions GaN cannot be grown due to thermal decomposition and Ga desorption. Present results indicate that adatoms diffusion length and the actual Ga/N ratio on the growing surface are key factors to achieve nanocolumnar growth.
description: This article may be downloaded for personal use only. Any other use requires prior permission of the author and AIP Publishing. This article appeared in (citation of published article) and may be found at J. Appl. Phys. 106, 126102 (2009) and may be found at https://doi.org/10.1063/1.3267151
S-HIDRA: A blockchain and SDN domain-based architecture to orchestrate fog computing environments
Creators: name: Núñez-Gómez, carlos
name: Carrión, Carmen
name: Caminero, Blanca
name: Delicado, Francisco M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Fog computing arises as a complement to cloud computing where computing and storage are provided in a decentralized way rather than the centralized approach of the cloud paradigm. In addition, blockchain provides a decentralized and immutable ledger which can provide support for running arbitrary logic thanks to smart contracts. These facts can lead to harness smart contracts on blockchain as the basis for a decentralized, autonomous, and resilient orchestrator for the resources in the fog. However, the potentially vast amount of geographically distributed fog nodes may threaten the feasibility of the orchestration. On the other hand, fog nodes can exhibit highly dynamic workloads which may result in the orchestrator redistributing the services among them. Thus, there is also a need to dynamically support the network connections to those services independently of their location. Software Defined Networking (SDN) can be integrated within the orchestrator to carry out a seamless service management. To tackle both aforementioned issues, the S-HIDRA architecture is proposed. It integrates SDN support within a blockchain-based orchestrator of container-based services for fog environments, in order to provide low network latency and high service availability. Also, a domain-based architecture is outlined \marev{as potential scenario} to address the geographic distributed nature of fog environments. Results obtained from a proof-of-concept implementation assess the required functionality for S-HIDRA.
Políticas e Programas Nacionais em Urgência e Emergência no contexto das Doenças cardiovasculares
Creators: name: De Freitas Oliveira, Cintia
name: Figueiró, Mabel
name: Uchimura, Liza Yurie Teruya
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine and Health Sciences

description: A presente revisão tem como objetivo identificar e caracterizar as políticas e os programas (PP) brasileiros em urgência e emergência no contexto das DCV. Tal revisão foi requisitada dentro das ações do projeto Boas Práticas dentro do Programa de Apoio ao Desenvolvimento Institucional do SUS - PROADI-SUS neste triênio 2021-23, uma vez que conhecer de forma sistematizada essas PP, bem como os possíveis desafios e as soluções encontradas para superá-los, pode fornecer evidências importantes para o aprimoramento contínuo do BPC e de outras ações no SUS.
Quantization of Einstein-Cartan theory in the first order form
Creators: name: Brandt, F. T.
name: Frenkel, J.
name: Martins-Filho, S.
name: McKeon, D. G. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the Einstein-Cartan theory with the tetrad $e_μ^{a}$ and spin connection $ω_{μab}$ taken as being independent fields. Diffeomorphism invariance and local Lorentz invariance result in there being two distinct gauge transformations in this approach, and consequently two ghost fields arise when employing the usual Faddeev-Popov quantization procedure. Our choice of gauge fixing retains the gauge invariances of the background field. We show that the gauge algebra is closed even in the presence of torsion, and the resulting BRST invariance can be found for the effective action. We also derive the Slavnov-Taylor identities, which reflect the BRST symmetries of this theory.
description: 18 pages. To be published in Annals of Physics
Decentralized Frank-Wolfe Algorithm for Convex and Non-convex Problems
Creators: name: Wai, Hoi-To
name: Lafond, Jean
name: Scaglione, Anna
name: Moulines, Eric
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Decentralized optimization algorithms have received much attention due to the recent advances in network information processing. However, conventional decentralized algorithms based on projected gradient descent are incapable of handling high dimensional constrained problems, as the projection step becomes computationally prohibitive to compute. To address this problem, this paper adopts a projection-free optimization approach, a.k.a.~the Frank-Wolfe (FW) or conditional gradient algorithm. We first develop a decentralized FW (DeFW) algorithm from the classical FW algorithm. The convergence of the proposed algorithm is studied by viewing the decentralized algorithm as an inexact FW algorithm. Using a diminishing step size rule and letting $t$ be the iteration number, we show that the DeFW algorithm's convergence rate is ${\cal O}(1/t)$ for convex objectives; is ${\cal O}(1/t^2)$ for strongly convex objectives with the optimal solution in the interior of the constraint set; and is ${\cal O}(1/\sqrt{t})$ towards a stationary point for smooth but non-convex objectives. We then show that a consensus-based DeFW algorithm meets the above guarantees with two communication rounds per iteration. Furthermore, we demonstrate the advantages of the proposed DeFW algorithm on low-complexity robust matrix completion and communication efficient sparse learning. Numerical results on synthetic and real data are presented to support our findings.
description: Accepted to IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control. 33 pages, 7 figures, include an improved constant in Lemma 2
Additional file 3 of Research evidence use in local government-led public health interventions: a systematic review
Creators: name: Dam, Jennifer L.
name: Nagorka-Smith, Phoebe
name: Waddell, Alex
name: Wright, Annemarie
name: Bos, Joannette J.
name: Bragge, Peter
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 3: Inclusion and Exclusion Criteria.