VP5-05 Low Electromagnetic Vibration Design and Investigation of Hair-pin Dual-V-type Motor Considering Winding Magnetomotive Force
Creators: Hui Qu
Li Quan
Zixuan Xiang
Xiaoyong Zhu
Teng Liu
and Wenye Wu
Publisher: name: IEEE
Year: 2025

In recent years, hair-pin permanent magnet motors have attracted more and more attention because of advantages such as high slot-filling rate, and high power density[1]. Electromagnetic vibration, as one of the main indicators for evaluating the performance of motors, is receiving more and more attention from academia and industry. Many scholars have proposed methods to reduce motor electromagnetic vibration, including stator slot skewing, rotor segment, permanent magnet modification, and so on[2][3]. The above methods are used to suppress motor vibration from the perspectives of motor permanent magnet topology and stator/rotor structure, but the inherent structural characteristics of the windings of hair-pin motors limit the design of stator slot skewing. At the same time, the high-speed and even ultra-high-speed operating characteristics of the motor impose severe requirements on the stress characteristics of the motor stator/rotor. Therefore, it is difficult for the methods to solve the vibration suppression of traditional PMSM to solve the actual vibration suppression of hair-pin motor. In fact, the armature winding magnetomotive force harmonics is one of the internal causes of the radial electromagnetic force harmonics, so how to research a low vibration motor design method from the perspective of winding magnetomotive force has become a valuable research direction. In this paper, a low-vibration design method considering motor windings is proposed, so that reduced motor vibration and competitive output torque can be realized. Fig. 1 shows the three stator topological structures of the flat wire motor. Fig. 2 shows the low vibration design method of flat wire motor. Fig. 3 shows flux density distributions of three motors. The harmonic analysis of the electromagnetic force is shown in Fig. 4, and the torque and vibration acceleration changes of the three motors are compared in Fig. 5. Fig. 6 shows the winding structure under different layers and shapes. In summary, it can be seen that compared with other pole/slot ratio, 8-pole, 48-slot has the lowest electromagnetic vibration and the highest torque. More detailed analysis and test verification will be presented in the full paper.References: [1] M. Popescu, L. Di Leonardo and G. Fabri. "Design of Induction Motors With Flat Wires and Copper Rotor for E-Vehicles Traction System," in IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, vol. 59, no. 3, pp. 3889-3900, May-June 2023. [2] C. Peng, D. Wang and B. Wang. "Different Rotor Segmented Approaches for Electromagnetic Vibration and Acoustic Noise Mitigation in Permanent Magnet Drive Motor: A Comparative Study," in IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, vol. 71, no. 2, pp. 1223-1233, Feb. 2024. [3] M. S. Islam, R. Islam and T. Sebastian. "Noise and vibration characteristics of permanent-magnet synchronous motors using electromagnetic and structural analyses," IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, vol. 50, no. 5, pp. 3214-3222, Sept.-Oct. 2014.
In recent years, hair-pin permanent magnet motors have attracted more and more attention because of advantages such as high slot-filling rate, and high power density[1]. Electromagnetic vibration, as one of the main indicators for evaluating the performance of motors, is receiving more and more attention from academia and industry. Many scholars have proposed methods to reduce motor electromagnetic vibration, including stator slot skewing, rotor segment, permanent magnet modification, and so on[2][3]. The above methods are used to suppress motor vibration from the perspectives of motor permanent magnet topology and stator/rotor structure, but the inherent structural characteristics of the windings of hair-pin motors limit the design of stator slot skewing. At the same time, the high-speed and even ultra-high-speed operating characteristics of the motor impose severe requirements on the stress characteristics of the motor stator/rotor. Therefore, it is difficult for the methods to solve the vibration suppression of traditional PMSM to solve the actual vibration suppression of hair-pin motor. In fact, the armature winding magnetomotive force harmonics is one of the internal causes of the radial electromagnetic force harmonics, so how to research a low vibration motor design method from the perspective of winding magnetomotive force has become a valuable research direction. In this paper, a low-vibration design method considering motor windings is proposed, so that reduced motor vibration and competitive output torque can be realized. Fig. 1 shows the three stator topological structures of the flat wire motor. Fig. 2 shows the low vibration design method of flat wire motor. Fig. 3 shows flux density distributions of three motors. The harmonic analysis of the electromagnetic force is shown in Fig. 4, and the torque and vibration acceleration changes of the three motors are compared in Fig. 5. Fig. 6 shows the winding structure under different layers and shapes. In summary, it can be seen that compared with other pole/slot ratio, 8-pole, 48-slot has the lowest electromagnetic vibration and the highest torque. More detailed analysis and test verification will be presented in the full paper.References: [1] M. Popescu, L. Di Leonardo and G. Fabri. "Design of Induction Motors With Flat Wires and Copper Rotor for E-Vehicles Traction System," in IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, vol. 59, no. 3, pp. 3889-3900, May-June 2023. [2] C. Peng, D. Wang and B. Wang. "Different Rotor Segmented Approaches for Electromagnetic Vibration and Acoustic Noise Mitigation in Permanent Magnet Drive Motor: A Comparative Study," in IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, vol. 71, no. 2, pp. 1223-1233, Feb. 2024. [3] M. S. Islam, R. Islam and T. Sebastian. "Noise and vibration characteristics of permanent-magnet synchronous motors using electromagnetic and structural analyses," IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, vol. 50, no. 5, pp. 3214-3222, Sept.-Oct. 2014.