cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Deriving Distributive Laws for Graded Linear Types
Creators: name: Hughes, Jack
name: Vollmer, Michael
name: Orchard, Dominic
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Programming Languages (cs.PL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The recent notion of graded modal types provides a framework for extending type theories with fine-grained data-flow reasoning. The Granule language explores this idea in the context of linear types. In this practical setting, we observe that the presence of graded modal types can introduce an additional impediment when programming: when composing programs, it is often necessary to 'distribute' data types over graded modalities, and vice versa. In this paper, we show how to automatically derive these distributive laws as combinators for programming. We discuss the implementation and use of this automated deriving procedure in Granule, providing easy access to these distributive combinators. This work is also applicable to Linear Haskell (which retrofits Haskell with linear types via grading) and we apply our technique there to provide the same automatically derived combinators. Along the way, we discuss interesting considerations for pattern matching analysis via graded linear types. Lastly, we show how other useful structural combinators can also be automatically derived.
description: In Proceedings Linearity&TLLA 2020, arXiv:2112.14305
Neutron spectroscopic factors of 7Li and astrophysical 6Li(n,g)7Li reaction rates
Creators: name: Su, Jun
name: Li, Zhihong
name: Guo, Bing
name: Bai, Xixiang
name: Li, Zhichang
name: Liu, Jiancheng
name: Wang, Youbao
name: Lian, Gang
name: Zeng, Sheng
name: Wang, Baoxiang
name: Yan, Shengquan
name: Li, Yunju
name: Li, Ertao
name: Fan, Qiwen
name: Liu, Weiping
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Angular distributions of the 7Li(6Li,6Li)7Li elastic scattering and the 7Li(6Li,7Li_{g.s.})6Li, 7Li(6Li,7Li*_{0.48})6Li transfer reactions at Ec.m. = 23.7 MeV were measured with the Q3D magnetic spectrograph. The optical potential of 6Li+7Li was obtained by fitting the elastic scattering differential cross sections. Based on the distorted wave Born approximation (DWBA) analysis, spectroscopic factors of 7Li=6Li+n were determined to be 0.73 +- 0.05 and 0.90 +- 0.09 for the ground and first exited states in 7Li, respectively. Using the spectroscopic factors, the cross sections of the 6Li(n,g)7Li direct neutron capture reactions and the astrophysical 6Li(n,g)7Li reaction rates were derived.
description: 4 pages, 5 figures
Harmony in the Light of Computational Ludics
Creators: name: Naibo, Alberto
name: Takahashi, Yuta
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: F.4.1

description: Prawitz formulated the so-called inversion principle as one of the characteristic features of Gentzen's intuitionistic natural deduction. In the literature on proof-theoretic semantics, this principle is often coupled with another that is called the recovery principle. By adopting the Computational Ludics framework, we reformulate these principles into one and the same condition, which we call the harmony condition. We show that this reformulation allows us to reveal two intuitive ideas standing behind these principles: the idea of "containment" present in the inversion principle, and the idea that the recovery principle is the "converse" of the inversion principle. We also formulate two other conditions in the Computational Ludics framework, and we show that each of them is equivalent to the harmony condition.
description: In Proceedings Linearity&TLLA 2020, arXiv:2112.14305
Design, synthesis, and study of novel phenethyl-based antitumor phospholipids downregulating p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase
Creators: name: Hassan, Ahmed H. E.
name: Oh, Yeon Il
name: Lee, Chae Hyeon
name: Kim, Yeon Ju
name: Bin Cho, Soo
name: Alam, Md. Maqusood
name: Park, Sang-Eun
name: Chung, Kyung-Sook
name: Lee, Kyung-Tae
name: Lee, Yong Sup
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Phenethyl-based edelfosine-analogs with saturated, monounsaturated, or polyunsaturated alkoxy substituents on phenyl ring were designed as novel antitumor lipids modulating p38 MAPK. Evaluation of the synthesised compounds against nine panels of diverse cancer cells presented saturated and monounsaturated alkoxy-substituted derivatives as the most active than other derivatives. In addition, ortho-substituted compounds were more active than meta- or ortho-substituted compounds. They were potential anticancer agents against blood, lung, colon, CNS, ovary, renal, and prostate cancers but not against skin nor breast cancers. Compounds, 1b and 1a emerged as the most potential anticancer agents. Assessment of compound 1b impact on p38 MAPK and AKT confirmed it as an inhibitor of p38 MAPK but not AKT. In silico study suggested compounds 1b and 1a as possible binders to the lipid binding pocket of p38 MAPK. Overall, compounds 1b and 1a as novel broad spectrum antitumor lipids modulating activity of p38 MAPK for further development.
Coherent Charge Oscillations in a Bilayer Graphene Double Quantum Dot
Creators: name: Hecker, Katrin
name: Banszerus, Luca
name: Schäpers, Aaron
name: Möller, Samuel
name: Peters, Anton
name: Icking, Eike
name: Watanabe, Kenji
name: Taniguchi, Takashi
name: Volk, Christian
name: Stampfer, Christoph
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The coherent dynamics of a quantum mechanical two-level system passing through an anti-crossing of two energy levels can give rise to Landau-Zener-Stückelberg-Majorana (LZSM) interference. LZSM interference spectroscopy has proven to be a fruitful tool to investigate charge noise and charge decoherence in semiconductor quantum dots (QDs). Recently, bilayer graphene has developed as a promising platform to host highly tunable QDs potentially useful for hosting spin and valley qubits. So far, in this system no coherent oscillations have been observed and little is known about charge noise in this material. Here, we report coherent charge oscillations and $T_2^*$ charge decoherence times in a bilayer graphene double QD. The charge decoherence times are measured independently using LZSM interference and photon assisted tunneling. Both techniques yield $T_2^*$ average values in the range of 400 to 500 ps. The observation of charge coherence allows to study the origin and spectral distribution of charge noise in future experiments.
description: Article: 10 pages, 5 figures; Supplementary Information: 11 pages, 10 figures
Empirical null and false discovery rate inference for exponential families
Creators: name: Schwartzman, Armin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In large scale multiple testing, the use of an empirical null distribution rather than the theoretical null distribution can be critical for correct inference. This paper proposes a ``mode matching'' method for fitting an empirical null when the theoretical null belongs to any exponential family. Based on the central matching method for $z$-scores, mode matching estimates the null density by fitting an appropriate exponential family to the histogram of the test statistics by Poisson regression in a region surrounding the mode. The empirical null estimate is then used to estimate local and tail false discovery rate (FDR) for inference. Delta-method covariance formulas and approximate asymptotic bias formulas are provided, as well as simulation studies of the effect of the tuning parameters of the procedure on the bias-variance trade-off. The standard FDR estimates are found to be biased down at the far tails. Correlation between test statistics is taken into account in the covariance estimates, providing a generalization of Efron's ``wing function'' for exponential families. Applications with $χ^2$ statistics are shown in a family-based genome-wide association study from the Framingham Heart Study and an anatomical brain imaging study of dyslexia in children.
description: Published in at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/08-AOAS184 the Annals of Applied Statistics (http://www.imstat.org/aoas/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
The impact of outgassing of CO2 and prior calcium precipitation to the isotope composition of calcite precipitated on stalagmites. Implications for reconstructing climate information from proxies
Creators: name: Dreybrodt, Wolfgang
name: Fohlmeister, Jens
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Degassing of CO2 and precipitation of calcite to the surface of stalagmites can strongly impact isotope signals imprinted into the calcite of these speleothems. Here, we show that in all the variety of conditions occurring in nature only two distinct types of degassing exist. First, when a thin film of calcareous solution comes in contact to cave air lower pCO2 value than that of the aqueous CO2 in the water, molecular CO2 escapes by physical diffusion in several seconds. In a next step lasting several ten seconds, pH and DIC in the solution achieve chemical equilibrium with respect to the CO2 in the cave atmosphere. This solution becomes supersaturated with respect to calcite. During precipitation for each unit CaCO3 deposited one molecule of CO2 is generated and escapes from the solution. This precipitation driven degassing is active during precipitation only. We show that all variations of out gassing proposed in the literature are either diffusive outgassing or precipitation driven degassing and that diffusive outgassing has no influence on the isotope composition of the HCO3 - pool and consequently on that of calcite. Its isotope imprint is determined solely by precipitation driven degassing in contrast to most explanations in the literature. We present a theoretical model of d13C and d18O that explains the contributions of various parameters such as changes in temperature, changes of pCO2 in the cave atmosphere, and changes in the drip intervals to the isotope composition of calcite precipitated to the apex of the stalagmite. We use this model to calculate quantitatively changes of d13C and d18O observed in field experiments (Carlson et al., 2020) in agreement to their experimental data. We also apply our model to prior calcite precipitation (PCP) in the field as reported by Mickler et al. (2019). We discuss how PCP influences isotope composition signals. ...
Images of the radiatively inefficient accretion flow surrounding a Kerr black hole: application in Sgr A*
Creators: name: Yuan, Ye-Fei
name: Cao, Xinwu
name: Huang, Lei
name: Shen, Zhi-Qiang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In fully general relativity, we calculate the images of the radiatively inefficient accretion flow (RIAF) surrounding a Kerr black hole with arbitrary spins, inclination angles, and observational wavelengths. For the same initial conditions, such as the fixed accretion rate, it is found that the intrinsic size and radiation intensity of the images become larger, but the images become more compact in the inner region, while the size of the black hole shadow decreases with the increase of the black hole spin. With the increase of the inclination angles, the shapes of the black hole shadows change and become smaller, even disappear at all due to the obscuration by the thick disks. For median inclination angles, the radial velocity observed at infinity is larger because of both the rotation and radial motion of the fluid in the disk, which results in the luminous part of the images is much brighter. For larger inclination angles, such as the disk is edge on, the emission becomes dimmer at longer observational wavelengths (such as at 7.0mm and 3.5mm wavelengths), or brighter at shorter observational wavelengths (such as at 1.3 mm wavelength) than that of the face on case, except for the high spin and high inclination images. These complex behaviors are due to the combination of the Lorentz boosting effect and the radiative absorption in the disk. We hope our results are helpful to determine the spin parameter of the black hole in low luminosity sources, such as the Galactic center. A primary analysis by comparison with the observed sizes of Sgr A* at millimeters strongly suggests that the disk around the central black hole at Sgr A* is highly inclined or the central black hole is rotating fast.
description: 13 pages, 6 figures, ApJ accepted
QDP: Learning to Sequentially Optimise Quasi-Static and Dynamic Manipulation Primitives for Robotic Cloth Manipulation
Creators: name: Blanco-Mulero, David
name: Alcan, Gokhan
name: Abu-Dakka, Fares J.
name: Kyrki, Ville
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Pre-defined manipulation primitives are widely used for cloth manipulation. However, cloth properties such as its stiffness or density can highly impact the performance of these primitives. Although existing solutions have tackled the parameterisation of pick and place locations, the effect of factors such as the velocity or trajectory of quasi-static and dynamic manipulation primitives has been neglected. Choosing appropriate values for these parameters is crucial to cope with the range of materials present in house-hold cloth objects. To address this challenge, we introduce the Quasi-Dynamic Parameterisable (QDP) method, which optimises parameters such as the motion velocity in addition to the pick and place positions of quasi-static and dynamic manipulation primitives. In this work, we leverage the framework of Sequential Reinforcement Learning to decouple sequentially the parameters that compose the primitives. To evaluate the effectiveness of the method we focus on the task of cloth unfolding with a robotic arm in simulation and real-world experiments. Our results in simulation show that by deciding the optimal parameters for the primitives the performance can improve by 20% compared to sub-optimal ones. Real-world results demonstrate the advantage of modifying the velocity and height of manipulation primitives for cloths with different mass, stiffness, shape and size. Supplementary material, videos, and code, can be found at https://sites.google.com/view/qdp-srl.
description: Accepted to IEEE/RSJ IROS 2023. 8 pages, 7 figures. Supplementary material available at https://sites.google.com/view/qdp-srl
Optical Lenses for Atomic Beams
Creators: name: Steuernagel, Ole
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Superpositions of paraxial laser beam modes to generate atom-optical lenses based on the optical dipole force are investigated theoretically. Thin, wide, parabolic, cylindrical and circular atom lenses with numerical apertures much greater than those reported in the literature to date can be synthesized. This superposition approach promises to make high quality atom beam imaging and nano-deposition feasible.
description: 10 figures
Sapwood water content of lodgepole pine
Creators: name: Rothwell, Richard L.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Breast height sapwood water content fluctuations of lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta var. latifolia Engelm) were studied with the objective of relating them to conducting xylem area, and to environmental and plant variables. Also gamma radiation attenuation was tested as a method for in situ sapwood water content measurement. Sapwood water content fluctuations and upward sap velocity indicated a conducting xylem area 3.25 cm wide from the cambium. For the trees studied, such an area would occupy between 60-80% of total cross-sectional stem area. Multiple regression analyses indicated significant correlation coefficients of 0.36-0.85 between sapwood water content and environmental and plant variables. The most important group of variables included soil water content, heat pulse velocity, and precipitation, and these gave a multiple correlation coefficient of 0.85, and a standard error of estimate of 4% o.d.w. with a sample size of 27. Laboratory tests indicated that gamma radiation attenuation is a feasible method for wood water content measurement. In the laboratory no significant differences were observed between gamma and gravimetric measurements of wood water content for prepared samples. In the field, in situ measurements showed similar monthly and diurnal fluctuations for gamma and gravimetric estimates. However, gamma water contents were significantly higher than gravimetric, with a mean difference of 17% o.d.w. The higher gamma values were attributed to the inclusion of bark moisture content and measurement of a larger volume of wood.
A Blind Search for Magnetospheric Emissions from Planetary Companions to Nearby Solar-type Stars
Creators: name: Lazio, T. Joseph W.
name: Carmichael, S.
name: Clark, J.
name: Elkins, E.
name: Gudmundsen, P.
name: Mott, Z.
name: Szwajkowski, M.
name: Hennig, L. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper reports a blind search for magnetospheric emissions from planets around nearby stars. Young stars are likely to have much stronger stellar winds than the Sun, and because planetary magnetospheric emissions are powered by stellar winds, stronger stellar winds may enhance the radio luminosity of any orbiting planets. Using various stellar catalogs, we selected nearby stars (
description: 11 pages; AASTeX; accepted for publication in AJ
Detecting Bell correlations in multipartite non-Gaussian spin states
Creators: name: Guo, Jiajie
name: Tura, Jordi
name: He, Qiongyi
name: Fadel, Matteo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We expand the toolbox for studying Bell correlations in multipartite systems by introducing permutationally invariant Bell inequalities (PIBIs) involving few-body correlators. First, we present around twenty families of PIBIs with up to three- or four-body correlators, that are valid for arbitrary number of particles. Compared to known inequalities, these show higher noise robustenss, or the capability to detect Bell correlations in highly non-Gaussian spin states. We then focus on finding PIBIs that are of practical experimental implementation, in the sense that the associated operators require collective spin measurements along only a few directions. To this end, we formulate this search problem as a semidefinite program that embeds the constraints required to look for PIBIs of the desired form.
Cumulative identical spin rotation effects in collisionless trapped atomic gases
Creators: name: Piechon, F.
name: Fuchs, J. N.
name: Laloe, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the strong spin segregation in a dilute trapped Fermi gas recently observed by Du et al. with "anomalous" large time scale and amplitude. In a collisionless regime, the atoms oscillate rapidly in the trap and average the inhomogeneous external field in an energy dependent way, which controls their transverse spin precession frequency. During interactions between atoms with different spin directions, the identical spin rotation effect (ISRE) transfers atoms to the up or down spin state, depending on their motional energy. Since low energy atoms are closer to the center of the trap than high energy atoms, the final outcome is a strong correlation between spins and positions.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures; v2: comparison to experimental data added
Energy Loss and Flavor Dynamics from Single Particle Measurements in PHENIX
Creators: name: Belmont, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The transverse momentum spectra, yields, and ratios of charged pions, protons, and antiprotons have been studied up to 5 GeV/c in $p_T$ in 5 different centrality classes in Au+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 200 GeV. These results are compared and contrasted with the observables calculated in recombination models of hadronization. They are also used to examine the color charge dependence of parton energy loss in the medium.
description: 4 pages, 6 figures, to appear in the Proceedings of Quark Matter 2009
Multi-Frame Self-Supervised Depth Estimation with Multi-Scale Feature Fusion in Dynamic Scenes
Creators: name: Zhong, Jiquan
name: Huang, Xiaolin
name: Yu, Xiao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Multi-frame methods improve monocular depth estimation over single-frame approaches by aggregating spatial-temporal information via feature matching. However, the spatial-temporal feature leads to accuracy degradation in dynamic scenes. To enhance the performance, recent methods tend to propose complex architectures for feature matching and dynamic scenes. In this paper, we show that a simple learning framework, together with designed feature augmentation, leads to superior performance. (1) A novel dynamic objects detecting method with geometry explainability is proposed. The detected dynamic objects are excluded during training, which guarantees the static environment assumption and relieves the accuracy degradation problem of the multi-frame depth estimation. (2) Multi-scale feature fusion is proposed for feature matching in the multi-frame depth network, which improves feature matching, especially between frames with large camera motion. (3) The robust knowledge distillation with a robust teacher network and reliability guarantee is proposed, which improves the multi-frame depth estimation without computation complexity increase during the test. The experiments show that our proposed methods achieve great performance improvement on the multi-frame depth estimation.
description: 11 pages, 8 figures, ACM MM'23 accepted
MPEC 2023-K188 : 2023 FC6
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Effective Coulomb interactions within BEDT-TTF dimers
Creators: name: Scriven, Edan
name: Powell, B. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate the effective Coulomb interactions between holes in dimers of the organic molecule BEDT-TTF in vacuo. We use density functional theory (DFT) to parameterise Hubbard models for beta and kappa phase organic charge transfer salts. We focus on the intra-dimer Coulomb repulsion, U_d, and the inter-monomer Coulomb repulsion, V_m. We find that U_d = 3.22 \pm 0.09 eV and V_m = 2.71 \pm 0.10 eV for 23 experimental geometries taken from a range of materials in both polymorphs. The quoted error is one standard deviation over the set of conformations studied. We conclude that U_d and V_m are essentially the same for an isolated dimer with the geometries present in all of the compounds studied. We highlight the disagreement between our parameterisation of the Hubbard model and previous results from both DFT and Huckel methods and show that this is caused by the failure of an assumption made in previous calculations (that U_m >> V_m, where U_m is the effective intra-monomer Coulomb repulsion). We discuss the implications of our calculations for theories of the BEDT-TTF salts based on the Hubbard model on the 2D anisotropic triangular lattice and explore the role of conformational disorder in these materials.
description: 9 pages, 8 figures
On the flare induced high-frequency global waves in the Sun
Creators: name: Kumar, Brajesh
name: Mathur, Savita
name: Garcia, R. A.
name: Venkatakrishnan, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently, Karoff and Kjeldsen (2008) presented evidence of strong correlation between the energy in the high-frequency part (5.3
description: 20 pages, 5 figures, To appear in the APJ Letters
OGLE-2014-BLG-0319: A Sub-Jupiter-Mass Planetary Event Encountered Degeneracy with Different Mass Ratios and Lens-Source Relative Proper Motions
Creators: name: Miyazaki, Shota
name: Suzuki, Daisuke
name: Udalski, Andrzej
name: Koshimoto, Naoki
name: Bennett, David P.
name: Rattenbury, Nicholas J.
name: Sumi, Takahiro
name: Abe, Fumio
name: Barry, Richard K.
name: Bhattacharya, Aparna
name: Bond, Ian A.
name: Fukui, Akihiko
name: Fujii, Hirosane
name: Hirao, Yuki
name: Silva, Stela
name: Itow, Yoshitaka
name: Kirikawa, Rintaro
name: Kondo, Iona
name: Munford, Brandon
name: Matsubara, Y.
name: Matsumoto, Sho
name: Muraki, Yasushi
name: Okamura, Arisa
name: Olmschenk, Greg
name: Ranc, Clément
name: Satoh, Yuki K.
name: Toda, Taiga
name: Tristram, P. J.
name: Yama, Hibiki
name: Yonehara, A.
name: Poleski, Radek
name: Mroz, Przemek
name: Skowron, Jan
name: Szymanski, Michal
name: Soszynski, Igor
name: Pietrukowicz, Pawel
name: Kozlowski, Syzmon
name: Ulaczyk, Krzysztof
name: Wyrzykowski, Lukasz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the discovery of a sub-Jovian-mass planet, OGLE-2014-BLG-0319Lb. The characteristics of this planet will be added into a future extended statistical analysis of the Microlensing Observations in Astrophysics (MOA) collaboration. The planetary anomaly of the light curve is characterized by MOA and OGLE survey observations and results in three degenerate models with different planetary mass-ratios of $q=(10.3,6.6,4.5)\times10^{-4}$, respectively. We find that the last two models require unreasonably small lens-source relative proper motions of $μ_{\rm rel}\sim1\;{\rm mas/yr}$. Considering Galactic prior probabilities, we rule out these two models from the final result. We conduct a Bayesian analysis to estimate physical properties of the lens system using a Galactic model and find that the lens system is composed of a $0.49^{+0.35}_{-0.27}\;M_{\rm Jup}$ sub-Jovian planet orbiting a $0.47^{+0.33}_{-0.25}\; M_{\odot}$ M-dwarf near the Galactic bulge. This analysis demonstrates that Galactic priors are useful to resolve this type of model degeneracy. This is important for estimating the mass ratio function statistically. However, this method would be unlikely successful in shorter timescale events, which are mostly due to low-mass objects, like brown dwarfs or free-floating planets. Therefore, careful treatment is needed for estimating the mass ratio function of the companions around such low-mass hosts which only the microlensing can probe.
description: 14 pages, 7 figures, Accepted for publication in the Astronomical Journal
Quantum Histories and Quantum Gravity
Creators: name: Henson, Joe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper reviews the histories approach to quantum mechanics. This discussion is then applied to theories of quantum gravity. It is argued that some of the quantum histories must approximate (in a suitable sense) to classical histories, if the correct classical regime is to be recovered. This observation has significance for the formulation of new theories (such as quantum gravity theories) as it puts a constraint on the kinematics, if the quantum/classical correspondence principle is to be preserved. Consequences for quantum gravity, particularly for Lorentz symmetry and the idea of "emergent geometry", are discussed.
description: 35 pages (29 pages main body), two figures
Optimizing resetting of superconducting qubits
Creators: name: Diniz, Ciro M.
name: de Assis, Rogerio J.
name: de Almeida, Norton G.
name: Villas-Boas, Celso J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 81V10, 81V11

description: Many quantum algorithms demand a large number of repetitions to obtain reliable statistical results. Thus, at each repetition it is necessary to reset the qubits efficiently and precisely in the shortest possible time, so that quantum computers actually have advantages over classical ones. In this work, we perform a detailed analysis on three different models for information resetting in superconducting qubits. Our experimental setup consists of a main qubit coupled to different auxiliary dissipative systems, that are employed in order to perform the erasing of the information of the main qubit. Our analysis shows that it is not enough to increase the coupling and the dissipation rate associated with the auxiliary systems to decrease the resetting time of the main qubit, a fact that motivates us to find the optimal set of parameters for each studied approach, allowing a significant decrease in the reset time of the three models analyzed.
Continuum model for extraction and retention in porous media
Creators: name: Matias, André F. V.
name: Valente-Matias, Daniel F.
name: Neng, Nuno R.
name: Nogueira, José M. F.
name: Andrade, José S.
name: Coelho, Rodrigo C. V.
name: Araújo, Nuno A. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Several natural and industrial processes involve the extraction or retention of a solute by a fluid invading a network of channels. Examples include aquifer contamination, chemical filtration, and coffee extraction. We propose a continuum equation to model these processes, parametrized by the Péclet number and the rate of mass transfer between the solid and the fluid. We study the time dependence of the extracted mass for different values of the parameter space. The continuum description is validated by combining extraction experiments with coffee and computational fluid dynamics. An analytical solution is derived for the limit of slow mass transfer, which is corroborated by numerical simulations.
Bulk Electronic Structure of Ni2MnGa studied by Density Functional Theory and Hard X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy
Creators: name: Bhattacharya, Joydipto
name: Sadhukhan, Pampa
name: Sarkar, Shuvam
name: Singh, Vipin Kumar
name: Gloskovskii, Andrei
name: Barman, Sudipta Roy
name: Chakrabarti, Aparna
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A combined study employing density functional theory (DFT) using the experimentally determined modulated structures and bulk-sensitive hard x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy on single-crystalline Ni$_2$MnGa is presented in this work. For the aforementioned modulated structures, all of the characteristic features in the experimental valence band (VB) are in excellent agreement with the theoretical VB calculated from DFT, evincing that it is the true representation of Ni$_2$MnGa in the martensite phase. We establish the existence of a charge density wave (CDW) state in the martensite phase from the shape of the VB near $E_F$ that shows a transfer of spectral weight in excellent agreement with DFT. Furthermore, presence of a pseudogap is established by fitting the near $E_F$ region with a power law function predicted theoretically for the CDW phase. Thus, the present work emphasizes that the atomic modulation plays an important role in hosting the CDW phase in bulk stoichiometric Ni$_2$MnGa.
description: *Equal contribution
Ultrafast optical rotations of electron spins in quantum dots
Creators: name: Greilich, A.
name: Economou, Sophia E.
name: Spatzek, S.
name: Yakovlev, D. R.
name: Reuter, D.
name: Wieck, A. D.
name: Reinecke, T. L.
name: Bayer, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Coherent manipulation of quantum bits (qubits) on time scales much shorter than the coherence time is a key prerequisite for quantum information processing. Electron spins in quantum dots (QDs) are particularly attractive for implementations of qubits. Efficient optical methods for initialization and readout of spins have been developed in recent years. Spin coherence times in the microsecond range have been demonstrated, so that spin control by picosecond optical pulses would be highly desirable. Then a large number of spin rotations could be performed while coherence is maintained. A major remaining challenge is demonstration of such rotations with high fidelity. Here we use an ensemble of QD electron spins focused into a small number of precession modes about a magnetic field by periodic optical pumping. We demonstrate ultrafast optical rotations of spins about arbitrary axes on a picosecond time scale using laser pulses as control fields.
description: 10 pages, 4 figures
Tailoring exchange bias in half-metallic La$_{2/3}$Sr$_{1/3}$MnO$_{3}$ thin films for spin-valve applications
Creators: name: Muduli, P. K.
name: Budhani, R. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have utilized the antiferromagnetic nature and structural/chemical compatibility of La$_{0.45}$Sr$_{0.55}$MnO$_{3}$ with highly spin polarized La$_{0.67}$Sr$_{0.33}$MnO$_{3}$ to prepare epitaxial exchange bias couples. A robust exchange bias (EB) shift of magnetization hysteresis with associated interfacial exchange energy J $\approx$ 0.13 erg/cm$^2$ at 10 K along with enhanced coercivity are reported. The EB effect was engineered to bring coercivity contrast between La$_{0.67}$Sr$_{0.33}$MnO$_{3}$ and cobalt films in La$_{0.45}$Sr$_{0.55}$MnO$_{3}$/La$_{0.67}$Sr$_{0.33}$MnO$_{3}$/SrTiO$_{3}$/Co magnetic tunnel junctions.
description: 10 pages, 4 figures
A weakly informative default prior distribution for logistic and other regression models
Creators: name: Gelman, Andrew
name: Jakulin, Aleks
name: Pittau, Maria Grazia
name: Su, Yu-Sung
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We propose a new prior distribution for classical (nonhierarchical) logistic regression models, constructed by first scaling all nonbinary variables to have mean 0 and standard deviation 0.5, and then placing independent Student-$t$ prior distributions on the coefficients. As a default choice, we recommend the Cauchy distribution with center 0 and scale 2.5, which in the simplest setting is a longer-tailed version of the distribution attained by assuming one-half additional success and one-half additional failure in a logistic regression. Cross-validation on a corpus of datasets shows the Cauchy class of prior distributions to outperform existing implementations of Gaussian and Laplace priors. We recommend this prior distribution as a default choice for routine applied use. It has the advantage of always giving answers, even when there is complete separation in logistic regression (a common problem, even when the sample size is large and the number of predictors is small), and also automatically applying more shrinkage to higher-order interactions. This can be useful in routine data analysis as well as in automated procedures such as chained equations for missing-data imputation. We implement a procedure to fit generalized linear models in R with the Student-$t$ prior distribution by incorporating an approximate EM algorithm into the usual iteratively weighted least squares. We illustrate with several applications, including a series of logistic regressions predicting voting preferences, a small bioassay experiment, and an imputation model for a public health data set.
description: Published in at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/08-AOAS191 the Annals of Applied Statistics (http://www.imstat.org/aoas/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
Fingerprint of dynamical charge/spin correlations in the tunneling spectra of colossal magnetoresistive manganites
Creators: name: Seiro, S.
name: Fasano, Y.
name: Maggio-Aprile, I.
name: Koller, E.
name: Lortz, R.
name: Fischer, Ø.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present temperature-dependent scanning tunneling spectroscopy measurements on $La_{1-x}Ca_{x}MO_{3}$ ($x\sim0.33$) films with different degrees of biaxial strain. A depletion in normalized conductance around the Fermi level is observed both above and below the insulator-to-metal transition temperature $T_{MI}$, for weakly as well as highly-strained films. This pseudogap-like depletion globally narrows on cooling. The zero-bias conductance decreases on cooling in the insulating phase, reaches a minimum close to $T_{MI}$ and increases on cooling in the metallic phase, following the trend of macroscopic conductivity. These results support a recently proposed scenario in which dynamical short-range antiferromagnetic/charge order correlations play a preeminent role in the transport properties of colossal magnetoresistive manganites [R. Yu \textit{et al}., Phys. Rev. B \textbf{77}, 214434 (2008)].
description: 9 pages, 4 figures
Conductance relaxation in the Electron-Glass; Microwaves versus infra-red response
Creators: name: Ovadyahu, Z.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the time-dependent conductance of electron-glasses excited by electromagnetic radiation at microwaves (MW) and infra-red frequencies. In either case the conductance G is enhanced during exposure but its time dependence after the radiation is turned off is qualitatively different depending on the frequency. For comparison, results of excitation produced by a gate-voltage and temperature changes are also shown. The glassy nature of the system allows us to demonstrate that the MW-enhanced conductance is not due to heating. These findings are discussed in terms of an energy E_{c} that characterizes the equilibrium charge distribution of the electron-glass.
description: 4 figures
Anaerobic biodegradation of pyrene by Klebsiella sp. LZ6 and its proposed metabolic pathway
Creators: name: Li, Xiang
name: Li, Lian
name: Lin, Chaoba
name: Dong, Weiliang
name: Zhang, Xueying
name: Shen, Weiran
name: Yong, Xiaoyu
name: Jia, Honghua
name: Wu, Xiayuan
name: Zhou, Jun
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Pyrene is one of the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, which are a potential threat to ecosystems due to their mutagenicity, carcinogenicity, and teratogenicity. In this study, several bacteria were isolated from oil contaminated sludge and their capacity to biodegrade pyrene was investigated. Of these bacteria, the monoculture strain LZ6 showed the highest pyrene anaerobic biodegradation rate of 33% after 30 days when the initial concentration was 50 mg/L, and was identified as Klebsiella sp. LZ6 by morphological observation, the GENIII technology of Biolog, and 16S rDNA gene sequence analysis. The influence of various culture parameters on the biodegradation of pyrene were evaluated, and Klebsiella sp. LZ6 all showed the high degradation rate at an inoculum of 10-20% (v/v), pH 6.0-8.4, temperature 30°C-38°C, and initial pyrene concentration of 50-150 mg/L. The intermediate metabolites of the anaerobic biodegradation were analyzed by GC-MS. Several metabolites were identified, such as pyrene, 4,5-dihydro-, phenanthrene, dibenzo-p-dioxin, and 4-hydroxycinnamate acid. The anaerobic metabolic pathway for the degradation of pyrene was inferred by the products. It seems that pyrene was first reduced to pyrene,4,5-dihydro- by the adding of two hydrogen atoms, and then the carbon-carbon bond cleavage at saturated carbon atoms generated phenanthrene.
Search for high-mass $Wγ$ and $Zγ$ resonances using hadronic W/Z boson decays from 139 fb$^{-1}$ of $pp$ collisions at $\sqrt{s}=$ 13 TeV with the ATLAS detector
Creators: name: ATLAS Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A search for high-mass charged and neutral bosons decaying to $Wγ$ and $Zγ$ final states is presented in this paper. The analysis uses a data sample of $\sqrt{s} = 13$ TeV proton-proton collisions with an integrated luminosity of 139 fb$^{-1}$ collected by the ATLAS detector during LHC Run 2 operation. The sensitivity of the search is determined using models of the production and decay of spin-1 charged bosons and spin-0/2 neutral bosons. The range of resonance masses explored extends from 1.0 TeV to 6.8 TeV. At these high resonance masses, it is beneficial to target the hadronic decays of the $W$ and $Z$ bosons because of their large branching fractions. The decay products of the high-momentum $W/Z$ bosons are strongly collimated and boosted-boson tagging techniques are employed to improve the sensitivity. No evidence of a signal above the Standard Model backgrounds is observed, and upper limits on the production cross-sections of these bosons times their branching fractions to $Wγ$ and $Zγ$ are derived for various boson production models.
description: 43 pages in total, author list starting page 26, 8 figures, 3 tables. Published in JHEP. All figures including auxiliary figures are available at http://atlas.web.cern.ch/Atlas/GROUPS/PHYSICS/PAPERS/HDBS-2019-10
Axion cold dark matter revisited
Creators: name: Visinelli, Luca
name: Gondolo, Paolo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study for what specific values of the theoretical parameters the axion can form the totality of cold dark matter. We examine the allowed axion parameter region in the light of recent data collected by the WMAP5 mission plus baryon acoustic oscillations and supernovae \cite{komatsu}, and assume an inflationary scenario and standard cosmology. We also upgrade the treatment of anharmonicities in the axion potential, which we find important in certain cases. If the Peccei-Quinn symmetry is restored after inflation, we recover the usual relation between axion mass and density, so that an axion mass $m_a =(85 \pm 3){\rm μeV}$ makes the axion 100% of the cold dark matter. If the Peccei-Quinn symmetry is broken during inflation, the axion can instead be 100% of the cold dark matter for $m_a < 15{\rm meV}$ provided a specific value of the initial misalignment angle $θ_i$ is chosen in correspondence to a given value of its mass $m_a$. Large values of the Peccei-Quinn symmetry breaking scale correspond to small, perhaps uncomfortably small, values of the initial misalignment angle $θ_i$.
description: 3 pages, 2 figures. Talk given at TAUP 2009 conference, Rome, Italy, July 1-5 2009
Halogenated aliphatic and aromatic aerobic biodegradation via direct metabolism and cometabolism: batch and continuous tests
Creators: name: Meniconi, Andrea <1977>
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2007
Subjects: ING-IND/26 Teoria dello sviluppo dei processi chimici

description: In this thesis the application of biotechnological processes based on microbial metabolic degradation of halogenated compound has been investigated. Several studies showed that most of these pollutants can be biodegraded by single bacterial strains or mixed microbial population via aerobic direct metabolism or cometabolism using as a growth substrates  
aromatic or aliphatic hydrocarbons. The enhancement of two specific processes has been here object of study in relation with its own respective scenario described as follow:
1st) the bioremediation via aerobic cometabolism of soil contaminated by a high chlorinated compound using a mixed microbial population and the selection and isolation of consortium specific for the compound.
2nd) the implementation of a treatment technology based on direct metabolism of two pure strains at the exact point source of emission, preventing dilution and contamination of large volumes of waste fluids polluted by several halogenated compound minimizing the environmental impact.
In order to verify the effect of these two new biotechnological application to remove halogenated compound  
and purpose them as a more efficient alternative continuous 
and batch tests have been set up in the experimental part of this thesis. Results obtained from the continuous tests in the second scenario have been supported by microbial analysis via Fluorescence in situ Hybridisation (FISH) and by a mathematical model of the system. The results showed that both process in its own respective scenario offer an effective solutions for the biological treatment of chlorinate compound pollution.
Spin Torque Oscillations Triggered by In-plane Field
Creators: name: Arun, R.
name: Gopal, R.
name: Chandrasekar, V. K.
name: Lakshmanan, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the dynamics of a spin torque nano oscillator that consists of parallelly magnetized free and pinned layers by numerically solving the associated Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert-Slonczewski equation in the presence of a field-like torque. We observe that an in-plane magnetic field which is applied for a short interval of time ($
description: 13 pages, 8 figures, Accepted for publication in Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter