cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The C--H Stretching Features at 3.2--3.5 Micrometer of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons with Aliphatic Sidegroups
Creators: name: Yang, Xuejuan
name: Li, Aigen
name: Glaser, Rainer
name: Zhong, Jianxin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The so-called unidentified infrared emission (UIE) features at 3.3, 6.2, 7.7, 8.6, and 11.3 micrometer are ubiquitously seen in a wide variety of astrophysical regions. The UIE features are characteristic of the stretching and bending vibrations of aromatic hydrocarbon materials, e.g., polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) molecules. The 3.3 micrometer aromatic C--H stretching feature is often accompanied by a weaker feature at 3.4 micrometer. The latter is often thought to result from the C--H stretch of aliphatic groups attached to the aromatic systems. The ratio of the observed intensity of the 3.3 micrometer aromatic C--H feature to that of the 3.4 micrometer aliphatic C--H feature allows one to estimate the aliphatic fraction of the UIE carriers, provided that the intrinsic oscillator strengths of the 3.3 micrometer aromatic C--H stretch (A3.3) and the 3.4 micrometer aliphatic C--H stretch (A3.4) are known. While previous studies on the aliphatic fraction of the UIE carriers were mostly based on the A3.4/A3.3 ratios derived from the mono-methyl derivatives of small PAH molecules, in this work we employ density functional theory to compute the infrared vibrational spectra of several PAH molecules with a wide range of sidegroups including ethyl, propyl, butyl, and several unsaturated alkyl chains, as well as all the isomers of dimethyl-substituted pyrene. We find that, except PAHs with unsaturated alkyl chains, the corresponding A3.4/A3.3 ratios are close to that of mono-methyl PAHs. This confirms the predominantly-aromatic nature of the UIE carriers previously inferred from the A3.4/A3.3 ratio derived from mono-methyl PAHs.
description: 19 pages, 5 figures, 2 tables; accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journal
title: How does the role of a Product Owner relate to the role of a Software Product Manager?
Creators: name: Toikkanen, Timo
name: Hyrynsalmi, Sami
name: Paasivaara, Maria
Publisher: name: Gesellschaft für Informatik e.V.
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Product Owner
subject: Software product Management
subject: Product Owner Scenario

description: In the Scrum Guide, the Product Owner (PO) is defined as being accountable for maximizing the value of the product they are responsible for. Thus, a Product Owner shares many responsibilities with a Software Product Manager (SPM), who is defined as a role governing the creation of the highest possible value to the business from the product. Despite the vast popularity of Scrum and other software development methods based on it, the role of a Product Owner has not received much academic research yet. This study contributes to the literature by assessing the similarities and differences between Product Owners and Software Product Managers using exploratory semi-structured interviews with 16 Agile software professionals. The study shows that the concept of product value is not always evident to Product Owners responsible for maximizing it. In addition, we identify five Product Owner Scenarios. Depending on the Product Owner Scenario, Product Owners’ responsibilities overlap to a varying degree with Software Product Manager’s responsibilities defined in the ISPMA SPM framework. Overall, further work is required to clarify the role and responsibilities of a Product Owner in various types of real-life organisations.
Designbasierte Didaktik und Subjektentwicklung - theoretische Reflexion zum Unterrichtsprojekt KFZ4me.de
Creators: name: Diezemann, Eckart
name: Schäfer, Markus
Publisher: name: Journal of Technical Education (JOTED)
Year: 2017

description: Zusammenfassung Dieser Beitrag stellt ein Unterrichtskonzept vor, bei dem digitale Medien im Lernprozess von Auszubildenden in der dualen beruflichen Erstausbildung produktiv designbasiert genutzt werden. Lernbausteine, die direkt im Unterricht entwickelt werden, können anschließend in einer Nachnutzungsphase von anderen Lernenden studiert, diskutiert, bewertet und geteilt werden (vgl. www.kfz4me.de). Der Designbegriff deutet darauf hin, dass die schüleraktive Auseinandersetzung mit den Lerninhalten in einen kreativen didaktischen Prozess mündet, der einen Rollentausch vom Lernenden zum Lehrenden induziert. Der Beitrag skizziert zunächst die Genese der Konzeption und den Stand der Forschung. Im vierten Kapitel wird das Konzept mit Blick auf die Effizienz im Lernprozess kritisch reflektiert und anhand einer konkreten Lernsituation unterrichtspraktisch ausdifferenziert. Schlüsselwörter: Designbasierte Didaktik, kfz4me, KFZ-Mechatroniker, Kompetenzent-wicklung, Subjektentwicklung Designbased learning settings for Vocational Education and Traning (VET) and their efficiency in terms of subject development - the project kfz4me.de Abstract The contribution introduces a teaching concept (kfz4me.de) using a designbased and product-oriented digital media environment in learning processes of vocational trainees for car mechatronics fitters. This publication facilitates evaluation and sharing of the learning modules subsequently. The text drafts the genesis of the idea and reflects it in terms of educational theory. The term designbased concept indicates the psychological significance of active content acquirement by learners within a creative didactial process. The learning efficiency of the concept will be reflected critically within the second part of the article, aiming at indicating potentially problematic areas. Keywords: Car mechatronics fitter, designbased learning, development of professional compentence, kfz4me, subject development
description: Journal of Technical Education (JOTED), Bd. 5 Nr. 1 (2017): Journal of Technical Education (JOTED)
How to estimate epidemic risk from incomplete contact diaries data?
Creators: name: Mastrandrea, Rossana
name: Barrat, Alain
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Social interactions shape the patterns of spreading processes in a population. Techniques such as diaries or proximity sensors allow to collect data about encounters and to build networks of contacts between individuals. The contact networks obtained from these different techniques are however quantitatively different. Here, we first show how these discrepancies affect the prediction of the epidemic risk when these data are fed to numerical models of epidemic spread: low participation rate, under-reporting of contacts and overestimation of contact durations in contact diaries with respect to sensor data determine indeed important differences in the outcomes of the corresponding simulations {with for instance an enhanced sensitivity to initial conditions}. Most importantly, we investigate if and how information gathered from contact diaries can be used in such simulations in order to yield an accurate description of the epidemic risk, assuming that data from sensors represent the ground truth. The contact networks built from contact sensors and diaries present indeed several structural similarities: this suggests the possibility to construct, using only the contact diary network information, a surrogate contact network such that simulations using this surrogate network give the same estimation of the epidemic risk as simulations using the contact sensor network. We present and {compare} several methods to build such surrogate data, and show that it is indeed possible to obtain a good agreement between the outcomes of simulations using surrogate and sensor data, as long as the contact diary information is complemented by publicly available data describing the heterogeneity of the durations of human contacts.
Numerical modeling of transient groundwater flow
Creators: name: Montero, Jose S.
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2022

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
title: В продолжение истории Магнуса Голштинского: документы из «ливонского конволюта» в архиве СПбИИ РАН
Creators: name: Бессуднова, Марина
name: Вебер, Дмитрий
Publisher: name: Новгородский государственный университет имени Ярослава Мудрого (НовГУ)
Year: 2022

description: Статья посвящена расширению источниковой базы изучения попытки создания в ходе Ливонской войны российским правительством «ливонского королевства» во главе с датским принцем Магнусом Голштинским, который в 1570 году принес вассальную присягу Ивану Грозному, принимал участие в военно-политических мероприятия царя, но в 1579 году бежал из России. В статье представлен очерк об опубликованных и архивных источников, касающихся жизнедеятельности Магнуса Голштинского. Основной же акцент сделан на содержании «ливонского конволюта» из архива СПбИИ РАН, происходящего из фамильного архива Сапег, который включает комплекс переписки Магнуса и близких ему лиц 1573–1577 годов. Эти документы сообщают дополнительные нюансы позиции Магнуса в «русском вопросе», а также позволяют уточнить информацию из его «Апологии» 1579 года.
Lernkonzepte für eine wandlungsfähige Produktion
Creators: name: Hambach, Jens
name: Tenberg, Ralf
name: Reiß, Julia
name: Tisch, Michael
name: Metternich, Joachim
Publisher: name: Journal of Technical Education (JOTED)
Year: 2017

description: Zusammenfassung Führungs- und Arbeitskräfte müssen ihre Kompetenzen kontinuierlich weiterentwickeln. Im Rahmen des gleichnamigen DFG-Projekts werden daher Lehr- und Lernsettings für das Konzept des kontinuierlichen Verbesserungsprozesses (KVP) entwickelt, die diese Herausforderung aufgreifen. Zunächst werden hierfür die relevanten Kompetenzen als Lernziele mit Hilfe von zwei Experten-Befragungsrunden erschlossen. Im zweiten Schritt wird untersucht, in wie weit die Kompetenzen den Zielgruppen vermittelt werden können. Im Anschluss erfolgen Reflexionen mit Hilfe eines neu entwickelten Videoanalyseinstrumentes, um Rückschlüsse auf die didaktisch-methodische Herangehensweise abzuleiten. Das entwickelte KVP-Training erweist sich dabei als adäquater Lernansatz für eine komplexe Auseinandersetzung mit der wandlungsfähigen Produktion in Lernfabriken. Schlüsselwörter: Lebenslanges Lernen, schlanke Produktion, KVP, kontinuierlicher Verbesserungsprozess, Videoanalyse Learning concepts for versatile production environments Abstract Managers and workers have to continually develop their competencies. Within the DFG project of the same name, teaching and learning concepts have been developed for the lean production approach of CIP. Initially the relevant competencies were developed as learning objectives with the help of two expert survey rounds. The second step was to examine the extent to which the competencies can be communicated to the target groups. Eventually conclusions on the didactic-methodological approach were drawn. This was achieved with the help of a newly developed video analysis instrument, which proofed that the developed CIP training is a suitable instrument to serve as a learning concept in learning factories for the changeable production. Keywords: Lifelong learning, lean production, CIP, continuous improvement process, video analysis
description: Journal of Technical Education (JOTED), Bd. 5 Nr. 1 (2017): Journal of Technical Education (JOTED)
Toque e Sua Relação com Bem-Estar e Satisfação com a Vida
Creators: name: Silva, Clara Teixeira e
name: Cassepp-Borges, Vicente
name: Debrot, Anik
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Social psychology

description: Este artigo apresentou definições do que é o toquee sua implicância no bem-estar/satisfação com a vidadentreoutras variáveis,como frequência de toque interpessoal, estresse percebido (PSS-14), familismo, nível de proximidade (IOS),sentimentos de rejeição/vazio (JGSL)e nível de satisfação com o relacionamento (PRQC).A amostra foi composta por 291 pessoas de ambos os sexos e o questionário utilizado foi aplicado em uma amostra brasileira, via eletrônica e em lápis e papel. Os dados obtidos sugerem uma relação fraca entre toque e bem-estar/satisfação com a vidapossivelmente devido a um efeito de teto, diferenciando da mesma pesquisa “skin to skin” aplicada em outros países,evidenciando que o fator cultural é de grande relevância. Além disso, houve uma correlação significativa indicando que quanto maior for o sentimento de rejeição/vazio, menor será o bem-estar/satisfação com a vida e que há uma correlação entre a frequência em que os participantes praticam o toque e o nível de satisfação com o relacionamento, influenciando no bem-estar.
Deep Learning for Size and Microscope Feature Extraction and Classification in Oral Cancer: Enhanced Convolution Neural Network
Creators: name: Joshi, Prakrit
name: Alsadoon, Omar Hisham
name: Alsadoon, Abeer
name: AlSallami, Nada
name: Rashid, Tarik A.
name: Prasad, P. W. C.
name: Haddad, Sami
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Background and Aim: Over-fitting issue has been the reason behind deep learning technology not being successfully implemented in oral cancer images classification. The aims of this research were reducing overfitting for accurately producing the required dimension reduction feature map through Deep Learning algorithm using Convolutional Neural Network. Methodology: The proposed system consists of Enhanced Convolutional Neural Network that uses an autoencoder technique to increase the efficiency of the feature extraction process and compresses information. In this technique, unpooling and deconvolution is done to generate the input data to minimize the difference between input and output data. Moreover, it extracts characteristic features from the input data set to regenerate input data from those features by learning a network to reduce overfitting. Results: Different accuracy and processing time value is achieved while using different sample image group of Confocal Laser Endomicroscopy (CLE) images. The results showed that the proposed solution is better than the current system. Moreover, the proposed system has improved the classification accuracy by 5~ 5.5% on average and reduced the average processing time by 20 ~ 30 milliseconds. Conclusion: The proposed system focuses on the accurate classification of oral cancer cells of different anatomical locations from the CLE images. Finally, this study enhances the accuracy and processing time using the autoencoder method that solves the overfitting problem.
description: 21 pages
Entwicklung und Erprobung eines Instruments zur Erfassung technischen Wissens im Fach Naturwissenschaft und Technik
Creators: name: Zinn, Bernd
name: Latzel, Mira
name: Ariali, Sunita
Publisher: name: Journal of Technical Education (JOTED)
Year: 2017

description: Zusammenfassung Im Beitrag wird von der Entwicklung und Erprobung eines Instruments zur Erfassung des allgemein technischen Fachwissens im gymnasialen Fach Naturwissenschaft und Technik berichtet. Das Instrumentarium beinhaltet sechs Tests zur Erfassung des fachlichen Wissens in den Bereichen Automatisierungstechnik, Bautechnik, Erneuerbare Energien, Robotik, Schall- und Lärmtechnik sowie Wetter- und Klimatechnik. Im Beitrag werden sowohl die einzelnen Entwicklungs- und Pilotierungsschritte als auch die Ergebnisse der Erprobung des Instruments mit n = 666 Schülerinnen und Schülern der Mittelstufe an Gymnasien in Baden-Württemberg vorgestellt. Die Daten der Erprobung wurden mittels einer Rasch-Analyse ausgewertet. Die Ergebnisse liefern eine Evidenz für die Reliabilität und Validität des Instruments. Schlüsselbegriffe: Naturwissenschaft und Technik, Kompetenzmodellierung, Testentwick-lung, Rasch-Analyse, allgemein technisches Fachwissen Development and testing of an instrument for the acquisition of general technical knowledge in the subject of science and technology Abstract This paper deals with the development and testing of an instrument for the recording of general technical knowledge in the grammar school subject of science and technology. The equipment includes six tests for the acquisition of technical knowledge in the fields of automation technology, construction technology, renewable energies, robotics, sound and noise technology as well as weather and climate technology. In the paper, the individual developmental and pilot steps as well as the results of the testing of the instrument with n = 666 intermediate-level pupils at grammar schools in Baden-Wuerttemberg will be presented. The data of the test were evaluated by means of a Rasch analysis. The results provide evidence of the reliability and validity of the instrument. Keywords: Science and technology, competency modelling, test development, Rasch analysis, general technical knowledge
description: Journal of Technical Education (JOTED), Bd. 5 Nr. 1 (2017): Journal of Technical Education (JOTED)
On the Aliphatic versus Aromatic Content of the Carriers of the "Unidentified" Infrared Emission Features
Creators: name: Yang, Xuejuan
name: Glaser, Rainer
name: Li, Aigen
name: Zhong, Jianxin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Although it is generally accepted that the so-called "unidentified" infrared emission (UIE) features at 3.3, 6.2, 7.7, 8.6, and 11.3 micrometer are characteristic of the stretching and bending vibrations of aromatic hydrocarbon materials, the exact nature of their carriers remains unknown: whether they are free-flying, predominantly aromatic gas-phase molecules, or amorphous solids with a mixed aromatic/aliphatic composition are being debated. Recently, the 3.3 and 3.4 micrometer features which are commonly respectively attributed to aromatic and aliphatic C-H stretches have been used to place an upper limit of ~2\% on the aliphatic fraction of the UIE carriers (i.e. the number of C atoms in aliphatic chains to that in aromatic rings). Here we further explore the aliphatic versus aromatic content of the UIE carriers by examining the ratio of the observed intensity of the 6.2 micrometer aromatic C-C feature (I6.2) to that of the 6.85 micrometer aliphatic C-H deformation feature (I6.85). To derive the intrinsic oscillator strengths of the 6.2 micrometer stretch (A6.2) and the 6.85 micrometer deformation (A6.85), we employ density functional theory to compute the vibrational spectra of seven methylated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon molecules and their cations. By comparing I6.85/I6.2 with A6.85/A6.2, we derive the fraction of C atoms in methyl(ene) aliphatic form to be at most ~10\%, confirming the earlier finding that the UIE emitters are predominantly aromatic. We have also computed the intrinsic strength of the 7.25 micrometer feature (A7.25), another aliphatic C-H deformation band. We find that A6.85 appreciably exceeds A7.25. This explains why the 6.85 micrometer feature is more frequently detected in space than the 7.25 micrometer feature.
description: 18 pages, 10 figures, 3 tables; accepted for publication in MNRAS
Heat loss through ground slab floor for a building in Melbourne, Australia
Creators: name: Wignarajah, Arasakularatnam.
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2022

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
Struktur und Niveaus des Fachwissens von Kfz-Mechatronikern gegen Ende der formalen Ausbildung
Creators: name: Behrendt, Stefan
name: Abele, Stephan
name: Nickolaus, Reinhold
Publisher: name: Journal of Technical Education (JOTED)
Year: 2017

description: Zusammenfassung In diesem Beitrag stellen wir Ergebnisse zum Fachwissen von Kfz-Mechatronikern vor, das sich als in hohem Grade prädiktiv für berufsfachliche Leistungen in den zentralen Handlungsfeldern von Kfz-Mechatronikern erweist. Die Analysen gründen auf einer Stichprobe von rund 1000 Auszubildenden. Die in früheren Modellierungen dokumentierten Strukturen des Fachwissens können weitgehend repliziert werden, die in früheren Modellierungen beobachtbaren Inkonsistenzen zur Ausdifferenzierung des Fachwissens an fachsystematischen Inhaltsbereichen einerseits und tätigkeitsbezogenem Wissen andererseits können aufgelöst werden. Die in anderen Untersuchungen identifizierten Schwierigkeits-merkmale der berufsfachlichen Aufgaben können partiell repliziert werden, einen besonders hohen Erklärungsanteil erbringen Merkmale des Aufgabenformats. Als schwierig erwies es sich, diese Aufgabenmerkmale für die Modellierung von Fachwissensniveaus zu nutzen, was abschließend eingehend diskutiert wird. Schlüsselwörter: Kfz-Mechatroniker, Fachwissen, Strukturmodellierung, schwierigkeits-bestimmende Aufgabenmerkmale, Niveaumodellierung Structure and Levels of Car Mechatronics Technicians’ Professional Knowledge towards the End of Vocational Training Abstract This paper examines the results of modeling professional knowledge of car mechatronics technicians. Professional knowledge is highly predictive for explaining professional competences in key areas in the work of car mechatronics technicians. The analyses are based on a sample of 1000 trainees. The structure of the professional knowledge found in previous studies could largely be replicated. Hereby we were able to resolve the inconsistencies between content specific dimensions and activity specific dimensions that existed in previous models. The difficulty features of the profession specific tasks that were identified in previous studies could partially be replicated. Features of the item format predict the item difficulty particularly well. It turned out to be very difficult to take those features as a basis for proficiency scaling which we finally discuss in detail. Keywords: car mechatronics technicians, professional knowledge, knowledge structure, difficulty features of items, proficiency scaling
description: Journal of Technical Education (JOTED), Bd. 5 Nr. 1 (2017): Journal of Technical Education (JOTED)
Representation Theory of the Symmetric Group in Voting Theory and Game Theory
Creators: name: Crisman, Karl-Dieter
name: Orrison, Michael E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: Computer Science and Game Theory (cs.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 91B12, 91A12, 20C30

description: This paper is a survey of some of the ways in which the representation theory of the symmetric group has been used in voting theory and game theory. In particular, we use permutation representations that arise from the action of the symmetric group on tabloids to describe, for example, a surprising relationship between the Borda count and Kemeny rule in voting. We also explain a powerful representation-theoretic approach to working with linear symmetric solution concepts in cooperative game theory. Along the way, we discuss new research questions that arise within and because of the representation-theoretic framework we are using.
description: 20 pages
Editorial: Technology teachers and their professional competence - peculiarities and starting points for subject-specific didactical research
Creators: name: Zinn, Bernd
Publisher: name: Journal of Technical Education (JOTED)
Year: 2017

description: It goes without saying that teacher competence is an influential factor in pupil education and learning. The importance of professional competence in teachers has increased and become more generally recognised in recent years (cf. for example Baumert et al. 2010; Kunter et al. 2013). Professional knowledge, i.e. subject-specific, didactic, pedagogic and psychological knowledge, is a core area of every teacher’s professional competence. Several studies have shown that the professional knowledge of teachers plays a critical role in the quality of their instruction and the learning success of their pupils (Lipowsky et al. 2009; Voss, Kunter & Baumert 2011; Voss et al. 2014; Wagner et al. 2016). Despite existing research deficits, the current standing of international research leaves no doubt as to the importance of the teacher's professional competence for the learner's development (e.g. Zlatkin-Troitschanskaia et al. 2009; Terhart, Bennewitz & Rothland 2014; KMK 2014). This competence is therefore also significant in economic terms. While a substantial body of knowledge exists as to the professional competence of teachers of various school subjects such as mathematics and physics (cf. for example Tatto et al. 2012; Riese et al. 2015), research findings on teachers of technology and interdisciplinary subjects such as natural sciences and technology (NST) are still comparatively few and far between. After outlining the theoretical background, this editorial article will discuss selected peculiarities and possible approaches to research into the professional competence of technology and NST teachers at comprehensive schools, focusing primarily on upper secondary level.
description: Journal of Technical Education (JOTED), Bd. 5 Nr. 1 (2017): Journal of Technical Education (JOTED)
An investigation of general clear-water scour in a long contraction
Creators: name: James, B. .
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2022

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
Uniqueness of the approximative trace
Creators: name: Sauter, Manfred
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 46E35 (Primary) 31C15, 26B30, 28A75 (Secondary)

description: We study the approximative trace for individual elements in the Sobolev space $W^{1,p}(Ω)$ for $1\le p\le\infty$. This notion of a trace was introduced for $p=2$ in [AtE11] in the setting of general open sets $Ω\subset\mathbb{R}^d$. The approximative trace exhibits a curious nonuniqueness phenomenon. We provide a detailed analysis of this phenomenon based on methods of geometric measure theory and are able to give very weak geometric conditions that are sufficient for the uniqueness of the approximative trace. In particular, we prove that the approximative trace is unique on open sets with continuous boundary and on arbitrary connected domains in $\mathbb{R}^2$. Furthermore, we provide an example which shows that the uniqueness of the approximative trace depends on $p$. These results answer several open questions.
description: 24 pages, 4 figures
A strategy for an accurate estimation of the basal permittivity in the Martian North Polar Layered Deposits
Creators: name: Lauro, S. E.
name: Gennarelli, G.
name: Pettinelli, E.
name: Soldovieri, F.
name: Cantini, F.
name: Rossi, A. P.
name: Orosei, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The paper deals with the investigation of the Mars subsurface by means of data collected by the Mars Advanced Radar for Subsurface and Ionosphere Sounding working at few MHz frequencies. A data processing strategy, which combines a simple inversion model and an accurate procedure for data selection is presented. This strategy permits to mitigate the theoretical and practical difficulties of the inverse problem arising because of the inaccurate knowledge of the parameters regarding both the scenario under investigation and the radiated electromagnetic field impinging on the Mars surface. The results presented in this paper show that, it is possible to reliably retrieve the electromagnetic properties of deeper structures, if such strategy is accurately applied. An example is given here, where the analysis of the data collected on Gemina Lingula, a region of the North Polar layer deposits, allowed us to retrieve permittivity values for the basal unit in agreement with those usually associated to the Earth basaltic rocks.
Editorial: Professionelle Kompetenz von Lehrkräften für Technik - Besonderheiten und Ansatzpunkte für die fachdidaktische Forschung
Creators: name: Zinn, Bernd
Publisher: name: Journal of Technical Education (JOTED)
Year: 2017

description: Es ist augenscheinlich, dass die Kompetenzen von Lehrkräften eine bedeutsame Kategorie für das Lehren und das Lernen der Schülerinnen und Schülern darstellen. Der professionellen Kompetenz von Lehrkräften kommt seit mehreren Jahren eine allgemein wahrgenommene und gestiegene Bedeutung zu (vgl. z. B. Baumert et al. 2010; Kunter et al. 2013). Professionelles Wissen von Lehrkräften - ihr fachliches, fachdidaktisches und pädagogisch-psychologisches Wissen - stellen einen Kernbereich professioneller Kompetenz von Lehrkräften dar. In mehreren Studien konnte nachgewiesen werden, dass das professionelle Wissen von Lehrkräften eine entscheidende Rolle für die Qualität des Unterrichts und für den Lernerfolg von Schülerinnen und Schülern spielt (Lipowsky et al. 2009; Voss, Kunter & Baumert 2011; Voss et al. 2014; Wagner et al. 2016). Der internationale Forschungsstand lässt, trotz bestehender Forschungsdefizite, kein Zweifel an der Bedeutung der professionellen Kompetenz von Lehrkräften für die Entwicklung der Lernenden (z. B. Zlatkin-Troitschanskaia et. al. 2009; Terhart, Bennewitz & Rothland 2014; KMK 2014) und erhält damit auch volkswirtschaftliche Bedeutung. Während in diversen schulischen Fächern, u. a. in der Mathematik und Physik substanzielle Erkenntnisse zur professionellen Kompetenz von Lehrkräften vorliegen (vgl. z. B. Tatto et al. 2012; Riese et al. 2015), stellt sich die Befundlage im Unterrichtsfach Technik bzw. in interdisziplinären Fächern, wie Naturwissenschaft und Technik (NwT) an allgemeinbildenden Schulen dünn dar. Im vorliegenden Beitrag werden im Rahmen des Editorials, nachdem der theoretische Hintergrund skizziert wurde, ausgewählte Besonderheiten und mögliche Ansatzpunkte für die Forschung zur professionellen Kompetenz von Lehrkräften im Technik- und NwT-Unterricht an allgemeinbildenden Schulen, mit einem Schwerpunkt auf den gymnasialen Bildungssektor, diskutiert.
description: Journal of Technical Education (JOTED), Bd. 5 Nr. 1 (2017): Journal of Technical Education (JOTED)
Chirality-inverted Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction
Creators: name: Zakeri, Khalil
name: Marmodoro, Alberto
name: von Faber, Albrecht
name: Mankovsky, Sergiy
name: Ebert, Hubert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction (DMI) is an antisymmetric exchange interaction, which is responsible for the formation of topologically protected spin textures in chiral magnets. Here, by measuring the dispersion relation of the DM energy, we quantify the atomistic DMI in a model system, i.e., a Co double layer on Ir(001). We unambiguously demonstrate the presence of a chirality-inverted DMI, i.e., a sign change in the chirality index of DMI from negative to positive, when comparing the interaction between nearest neighbors to that between neighbors located at longer distances. The effect is in analogy to the change in the character of the Heisenberg exchange interaction from, e.g., ferromagnetic to antiferromagnetic. We show that the pattern of the atomistic DMI in epitaxial magnetic structures can be very complex and provide critical insights into the nature of DMI. We anticipate that the observed effect is general and occurs in many magnetic nanostructures grown on heavy-element metallic substrates.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures
title: Ливонское историописание XVII в. и шведский готицизм: на примере хроники Лоде-Вернера
Creators: name: Медведева, Татьяна
Publisher: name: Новгородский государственный университет имени Ярослава Мудрого (НовГУ)
Year: 2022

description: В раннее Новое время общеевропейские тенденции к самоидентификации наций с древними народами привели к активному конструированию этногенетических мифов в историописании. Подъем и продолжение этой общеевропейской традиции повлияли и на историописание в Балтийском регионе в XVI-XVII вв., частично оно оказалось под влиянием шведского готицизма, который распространился здесь после вхождения Эстляндских и Лифляндских территорий в состав шведского королевства. Сочинение второй половины XVII в., известное в историографии как Хроника Ливонии Лоде-Вернера, под влиянием идей шведского готицизма опирается в своем повествовании на этногенетический миф о готах. Ранняя история региона описана в хронике как время активной деятельности на территориях Балтийского региона персонажей готской истории. Тем самым подчеркивается первенство взаимодействия шведских и готских правителей с балтийскими народами, легитимизируя тем самым шведское правление на ливонских территориях. С другой стороны, автор хроники выделяет историю Эстлядских земель из общего контекста ливонской истории, связывая ее в XI-XIII вв. с деятельностью датчан.
Taxiway simulation : a G.P.S.S. approach
Creators: name: Richards, John A. .
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2022

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
A new method for spatially resolving the turbulence driving mixture in the ISM with application to the Small Magellanic Cloud
Creators: name: Gerrard, Isabella A.
name: Federrath, Christoph
name: Pingel, Nickolas M.
name: McClure-Griffiths, Naomi M.
name: Marchal, Antoine
name: Joncas, Gilles
name: Clark, Susan E.
name: Stanimirović, Snežana
name: Lee, Min-Young
name: van Loon, Jacco Th.
name: Dickey, John
name: Dénes, Helga
name: Ma, Yik Ki
name: Dempsey, James
name: Lynn, Callum
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Turbulence plays a crucial role in shaping the structure of the interstellar medium. The ratio of the three-dimensional density contrast ($σ_{ρ/ρ_0}$) to the turbulent sonic Mach number ($\mathcal{M}$) of an isothermal, compressible gas describes the ratio of solenoidal to compressive modes in the turbulent acceleration field of the gas, and is parameterised by the turbulence driving parameter: $b=σ_{ρ/ρ_0}/\mathcal{M}$. The turbulence driving parameter ranges from $b=1/3$ (purely solenoidal) to $b=1$ (purely compressive), with $b=0.38$ characterising the natural mixture (1/3~compressive, 2/3~solenoidal) of the two driving modes. Here we present a new method for recovering $σ_{ρ/ρ_0}$, $\mathcal{M}$, and $b$, from observations on galactic scales, using a roving kernel to produce maps of these quantities from column density and centroid velocity maps. We apply our method to high-resolution HI emission observations of the Small Magellanic Cloud (SMC) from the GASKAP-HI survey. We find that the turbulence driving parameter varies between $b\sim 0.3$ and $b\sim 1.0$ within the main body of the SMC, but the median value converges to $b\sim0.51$, suggesting that the turbulence is overall driven more compressively ($b>0.38$). We observe no correlation between the $b$ parameter and HI or H$α$ intensity, indicating that compressive driving of HI turbulence cannot be determined solely by observing HI or H$α$ emission density, and that velocity information must also be considered. Further investigation is required to link our findings to potential driving mechanisms such as star-formation feedback, gravitational collapse, or cloud-cloud collisions.
description: 20 pages, 16 figures, accepted to MNRAS
Modelling avalanches in martensites
Creators: name: Perez-Reche, Francisco J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Solids subject to continuous changes of temperature or mechanical load often exhibit discontinuous avalanche-like responses. For instance, avalanche dynamics have been observed during plastic deformation, fracture, domain switching in ferroic materials or martensitic transformations. The statistical analysis of avalanches reveals a very complex scenario with a distinctive lack of characteristic scales. Much effort has been devoted in the last decades to understand the origin and ubiquity of scale-free behaviour in solids and many other systems. This chapter reviews some efforts to understand the characteristics of avalanches in martensites through mathematical modelling.
description: Chapter in the book "Avalanches in Functional Materials and Geophysics", edited by E. K. H. Salje, A. Saxena, and A. Planes. The final publication is available at Springer via http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-45612-6_6
title: Балтийские аспекты континентальной политики Англии и Нидерландов на рубеже XVII–XVIII веков
Creators: name: Десятсков , Константин
Publisher: name: Новгородский государственный университет имени Ярослава Мудрого (НовГУ)
Year: 2022

description: Статья посвящена анализу балтийских аспектов континентальной политики морских держав Англии и Нидерландов на рубеже XVII–XVIII веков в контексте нейтрализации возможного взаимопересечения двух будущих центральных коалиционных конфликтов Европы: Северной войны и войны за Испанское наследство.
Addressing Expensive Multi-objective Games with Postponed Preference Articulation via Memetic Co-evolution
Creators: name: Żychowski, Adam
name: Gupta, Abhishek
name: Mańdziuk, Jacek
name: Ong, Yew Soon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper presents algorithmic and empirical contributions demonstrating that the convergence characteristics of a co-evolutionary approach to tackle Multi-Objective Games (MOGs) with postponed preference articulation can often be hampered due to the possible emergence of the so-called Red Queen effect. Accordingly, it is hypothesized that the convergence characteristics can be significantly improved through the incorporation of memetics (local solution refinements as a form of lifelong learning), as a promising means of mitigating (or at least suppressing) the Red Queen phenomenon by providing a guiding hand to the purely genetic mechanisms of co-evolution. Our practical motivation is to address MOGs of a time-sensitive nature that are characterized by computationally expensive evaluations, wherein there is a natural need to reduce the total number of true function evaluations consumed in achieving good quality solutions. To this end, we propose novel enhancements to co-evolutionary approaches for tackling MOGs, such that memetic local refinements can be efficiently applied on evolved candidate strategies by searching on computationally cheap surrogate payoff landscapes (that preserve postponed preference conditions). The efficacy of the proposal is demonstrated on a suite of test MOGs that have been designed.
A Second-order Divergence-constrained Multidimensional Numerical Scheme for Relativistic Two-Fluid Electrodynamics
Creators: name: Amano, Takanobu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A new multidimensional simulation code for relativistic two-fluid electrodynamics (RTFED) is described. The basic equations consist of the full set of Maxwell's equations coupled with relativistic hydrodynamic equations for separate two charged fluids, representing the dynamics of either an electron-positron or an electron-proton plasma. It can be recognized as an extension of conventional relativistic magnetohydrodynamics (RMHD). Finite resistivity may be introduced as a friction between the two species, which reduces to resistive RMHD in the long wavelength limit without suffering from a singularity at infinite conductivity. A numerical scheme based on HLL (Harten-Lax-Van Leer) Riemann solver is proposed that exactly preserves the two divergence constraints for Maxwell's equations simultaneously. Several benchmark problems demonstrate that it is capable of describing RMHD shocks/discontinuities at long wavelength limit, as well as dispersive characteristics due to the two-fluid effect appearing at small scales. This shows that the RTFED model is a promising tool for high energy astrophysics application.
description: 23 pages, accepted for publication ApJ
Cosmological and astrophysical constraints on tachyon dark energy models
Creators: name: Martins, C. J. A. P.
name: Moucherek, F. M. O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Rolling tachyon field models are among the candidates suggested as explanations for the recent acceleration of the Universe. In these models the field is expected to interact with gauge fields and lead to variations of the fine-structure constant $α$. Here we take advantage of recent observational progress and use a combination of background cosmological observations of Type Ia supernovas and astrophysical and local measurements of $α$ to improve constraints on this class of models. We show that the constraints on $α$ imply that the field dynamics must be extremely slow, leading to a constraint of the present-day dark energy equation of state $(1+w_0)<2.4\times10^{-7}$ at the $99.7\%$ confidence level. Therefore current and forthcoming standard background cosmology observational probes can't distinguish this class of models from a cosmological constant, while detections of $α$ variations could possibly do so since they would have a characteristic redshift dependence.
description: 8 pages, 2 figures. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1601.02950
A streamlined approach to mapping the magnetic induction of skyrmionic materials
Creators: name: Chess, Jordan J.
name: Montoya, Sergio A.
name: Harvey, Tyler R.
name: Ophus, Colin
name: Couture, Simon
name: Lomakin, Vitaliy
name: Fullerton, Eric E.
name: McMorran, Benjamin J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently, Lorentz transmission electron microscopy (LTEM) has helped researchers advance the emerging field of magnetic skyrmions. These magnetic quasi-particles, composed of topologically non-trivial magnetization textures, have a large potential for application as information carriers in low-power memory and logic devices. LTEM is one of a very few techniques for direct real space imaging of magnetic features at the nanoscale. For Fresnel-contrast LTEM, the transport of intensity equation (TIE) is the tool of choice for quantitative reconstruction of the local magnetic induction through the sample thickness. Typically this analysis requires collection of at least three images.Here we show that for uniform thin magnetic films which includes many skyrmionic samples, the magnetic induction can be quantitatively determined from a single defocused image using a simplified TIE approach.
Hypergraph $p$-Laplacian: A Differential Geometry View
Creators: name: Saito, Shota
name: Mandic, Danilo P
name: Suzuki, Hideyuki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The graph Laplacian plays key roles in information processing of relational data, and has analogies with the Laplacian in differential geometry. In this paper, we generalize the analogy between graph Laplacian and differential geometry to the hypergraph setting, and propose a novel hypergraph $p$-Laplacian. Unlike the existing two-node graph Laplacians, this generalization makes it possible to analyze hypergraphs, where the edges are allowed to connect any number of nodes. Moreover, we propose a semi-supervised learning method based on the proposed hypergraph $p$-Laplacian, and formalize them as the analogue to the Dirichlet problem, which often appears in physics. We further explore theoretical connections to normalized hypergraph cut on a hypergraph, and propose normalized cut corresponding to hypergraph $p$-Laplacian. The proposed $p$-Laplacian is shown to outperform standard hypergraph Laplacians in the experiment on a hypergraph semi-supervised learning and normalized cut setting.
description: Extended version of our AAAI-18 paper
Dusty globules in the Crab Nebula
Creators: name: Grenman, Tiia
name: Gahm, Gösta F.
name: Elfgren, Erik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: From existing broad-band images obtained with the Hubble Space Telescope, we located 92 globules, for which we derived positions, dimensions, orientations, extinctions, masses, proper motions, and their distributions. The globules have mean radii ranging from 400 to 2000 AU and are not resolved in current infrared images of the nebula. The extinction law for dust grains in these globules matches a normal interstellar extinction law. Derived masses of dust range from 1 to 60 x 10^(-6) solar masses, and the total mass contained in globules constitute a fraction of approximately 2% or less of the total dust content of the nebula. The globules are spread over the outer part of the nebula, and a fraction of them coincide in position with emission filaments, where we find elongated globules that are aligned with these filaments. Only 10% of the globules are coincident in position with the numerous H2-emitting knots found in previous studies. All globules move outwards from the centre with transversal velocities of 60 to 1600 km/s, along with the general expansion of the remnant. We discuss various hypotheses for the formation of globules in the Crab Nebula.
description: 11 pages