cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Testing nuclear parton distributions with pA collisions at the LHC
Creators: name: Quiroga-Arias, Paloma
name: Milhano, Jose Guilherme
name: Wiedemann, Urs Achin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Global perturbative QCD analyses, based on large data sets from electron-proton and hadron collider experiments, provide tight constraints on the parton distribution function (PDF) in the proton. The extension of these analyses to nuclear parton distributions (nPDF) has attracted much interest in recent years. nPDFs are needed as benchmarks for the characterization of hot QCD matter in nucleus-nucleus collisions, and attract further interest since they may show novel signatures of non-linear density-dependent QCD evolution. However, it is not known from first principles whether the factorization of long-range phenomena into process-independent parton distribution, which underlies global PDF extractions for the proton, extends to nuclear effects. As a consequence, assessing the reliability of nPDFs for benchmark calculations goes beyond testing the numerical accuracy of their extraction and requires phenomenological tests of the factorization assumption. Here we argue that a proton-nucleus collision program at the LHC would provide a set of measurements allowing for unprecedented tests of the factorization assumption underlying global nPDF fits.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures
Fighting Against the Machine: Inside a Solutions Journalism Campaign in UK Local Newsrooms
Creators: name: Jackson, Daniel
name: Glück, Antje
name: Nguyen, An
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: There is growing momentum behind the solutions journalism (SOJO) movement, with news organizations across the world increasingly embedding news reporting practices on how people respond to social problems. Previous research suggests that SOJO has potential to reconfigure relationships between news audiences and journalists, while simultaneously opening new revenue streams. But what impediments might SOJO face in fast-paced and resource-poor newsroom contexts, especially those that serve local audiences? Following a year-long campaign where we helped introduce SOJO into 47 UK local news titles, we begin to answer this question, based on interviews with eight SOJO mentors, 17 journalists and 10 editors, alongside observations from mentors’ fora. While journalists saw many benefits to the practice, we outline several impediments to the successful implementation of SOJO in local media, including time and workflow, metrics and institutional rewards, and editorial commitment. Further, we identify the emergence of a pragmatic form of that we call “SOJO lite”; characterized as news that contains elements of solutions journalism but falls short of the widely used definitions suggested by industry leaders. Both findings have implications for the future direction of this emergent journalism practice.
Dynamic quantum clustering: a method for visual exploration of structures in data
Creators: name: Weinstein, Marvin
name: Horn, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: Data Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: A given set of data-points in some feature space may be associated with a Schrodinger equation whose potential is determined by the data. This is known to lead to good clustering solutions. Here we extend this approach into a full-fledged dynamical scheme using a time-dependent Schrodinger equation. Moreover, we approximate this Hamiltonian formalism by a truncated calculation within a set of Gaussian wave functions (coherent states) centered around the original points. This allows for analytic evaluation of the time evolution of all such states, opening up the possibility of exploration of relationships among data-points through observation of varying dynamical-distances among points and convergence of points into clusters. This formalism may be further supplemented by preprocessing, such as dimensional reduction through singular value decomposition or feature filtering.
description: 15 pages, 9 figures
Взаимосвязь хронической болезни почек с сердечно-сосудистыми факторами риска у пациентов с сахарным диабетом 2 типа
Creators: name: Мехдиев Самир Хасай Оглы
Publisher: name: Международный журнал сердца и сосудистых заболеваний
Year: 2019
Subjects: САХАРНЫЙ ДИАБЕТ 2 ТИПА
ХРОНИЧЕСКАЯ БОЛЕЗНЬ ПОЧЕК
МИКРОАЛЬБУМИНУРИЯ
ФАКТОРЫ РИСКА

description: Цель. Изучить взаимосвязь хронической болезни почек (ХБП) с сердечно-сосудистыми факторами риска у пациентов с сахарным диабетом 2 типа (СД2). Материалы и методы. К одномоментному клинико-эпидемиологическому исследованию было привлечено 528 пациентов с СД2 в возрасте 30-69 лет. Всем респондентам заполнялся опросник «ARIC», содержащий данные о социально-демографических, поведенческих факторах риска и показателях качества жизни, а также был определен уровень гликемии, гликогемоглобина, креатинина, микроальбуминурии (МАУ) и скорость клубочковой фильтрации (СКФ). Результаты. Повышение уровня креатинина (p<0,001), высокий уровень стресса (p=0,006), снижение СКФ (p<0,001) сопровождались развитием 300 мг/дл МАУ. У пациентов с альбуминурией чаще наблюдались некоторые проблемы с движением (p=0,015), самообслуживанием (p<0,001), с повседневной активностью (p<0,001), а также мучительные боли либо дискомфорт (p=0,004). Занятость уменьшала частоту встречаемости альбуминурии (p=0,043), низкая и средняя степени употребления алкоголя оказывали антипротеинурический эффект (p=0,003), низкая физическая активность являлась предиктором МАУ (p=0,011). Увеличение возраста сопровождалось снижением СКФ (p<0,001), наличие у отцов пациентов стенокардии и инфаркта миокарда оказывало существенное влияние на снижение функции почек (p=0,031). У большинства пациентов со сниженной СКФ отмечались избыточная масса тела и ожирение (p<0,001), при этом, в основном, они находились в состоянии стресса среднего и высокого уровня (p=0,003). У пациентов с СКФ<60 мл/мин наблюдались высокая креатининемия и МАУ (p<0,001); снижение СКФ способствовало увеличению определенных проблем с самообслуживанием (p=0,020). Заключение. У 7,9% пациентов с СД2 выявлено снижение СКФ<60 мл/мин, а у 35,7%-МАУ, определены общие и отдельные факторы риска МАУ и снижения СКФ. Проведение планомерных скринингов для их раннего выявления позволит предотвратить прогрессирование ХБП.
Additional file 2 of Establishment of MELD-lactate clearance scoring system in predicting death risk of critically ill cirrhotic patients
Creators: name: Li, Xin
name: Gong, Man
name: Fu, Shuangnan
name: Zhang, Jingjing
name: Wu, Shanbin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Virology

description: Additional file 2. Supplemental Table 1. The sensitivity analysis of missing data before and after interpolation.
A study of some pharmacological properties of certain alpha-glyceryl ethers.
Creators: name: Klier, Gail Dianne Bellward
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: The alpha-glyceryl ethers (AGE) are widely distributed in nature, occurring in many marine organisms, land animals, plants, and humans. A series of preliminary experiments was begun to determine whether these compounds possessed possible pharmacological actions against inflammation. Anti-inflammatory tests utilized both the granuloma pouch and cotton pellet granulation methods. Possible glucocorticoid activity was checked by measuring liver glycogen deposition. The effects of AGE on growth and weight of the animals was also noted. Neither selachyl dihemisuccinate sodium (selachyl DHSS) nor selachyl alcohol decreased the exudate formation in the granuloma pouch experiments, although excellent results were obtained with hydrocortisone. The high dose of the AGE was the equivalent of ten milligrams; low doses were three hundred and six hundred micrograms. Routes of administration used were oral, intraperitoneal, and subcutaneous. In the cotton pellet granuloma test, some indication of anti-inflammatory activity was obtained, in accordance with previous results in this and other laboratories. Selachyl DHSS decreased granulation tissue formation by only 11.7% in growing rats, which is not significant; however, in mature rats, there was a decrease of 29.5%. The dosage used in this series was 30 milligrams per kilogram daily by the subcutaneous route, A definite and comparatively large increase in liver glycogen deposition was observed in rats allowed to eat freely, when given selachyl DHSS subcutaneously. These glycogen values were decreased radically by a paired feeding study in which the treated rats were allowed to eat only the same amount of food as their paired control animal. Thus food intake appears to be one of the factors responsible for the increased glycogen storage. The AGE appear to affect growth only by the Intraperitoneal route of administration. In this case, the growth of rats was retarded by 29.6%. It was also noted that these animals ate somewhat less food than the controls, although this did not appear to be an important enough difference to account for the lack of weight gain. Throughout these experiments one of the most notable observations was a lack of uniformity of the results. Factors which appeared to cause a variability in the outcome of tests included the age of the animals, length of time of preoperative housing in new quarters, route of administration, and dosage. A non-linear relationship between dose and effect appears probable.
Оценка воспалительных заболеваний тканей пародонта как одного из кардиоваскулярных факторов риска
Creators: name: Авраамова Тамара Васильевна
name: Грудянов Александр Иванович
name: Ткачева Ольга Николаевна
Publisher: name: Международный журнал сердца и сосудистых заболеваний
Year: 2019
Subjects: ПАРОДОНТИТ
СЕРДЕЧНО-СОСУДИСТЫЕ ЗАБОЛЕВАНИЯ
КАРДИОВАСКУЛЯРНЫЙ РИСК
HS-CRP
ВОСПАЛЕНИЕ
АТЕРОСКЛЕР

description: Цель.Изучение взаимосвязи воспалительных заболеваний пародонта и развития сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний (ССЗ) у пациентов с различным кардиоваскулярным риском. Материалы и методы. Для выполнения исследования были сформированы четыре группы: пациенты с хроническим генерализованным пародонтитом легкой (n = 25), средней (n = 34), тяжелой (n = 30) степени и пациенты контрольной группы без воспалительных заболеваний пародонта (n = 20). Результаты. Дополнительным патогенетическим звеном, усиливающим связь между выраженностью воспалительных изменений пародонта и развитием ССЗ является системная воспалительная реакция с повышением высокочувствительного С-реактивного белка (hs-CRP) в крови и IL-6. Сопряженное течение соматической и стоматологической патологии требует от стоматологов и кардиологов совместных усилий по модификации общих факторов риска. Заключение. Специалистам смежных специальностей при оценке субклинического атеросклероза и состояния тканей пародонта необходимо оценивать прогностическую значимость факторов риска с целью планирования и проведения целенаправленных профилактических мероприятий.
Sports News Media and Coming Out of Lesbian Athletes: Perspective from Non-Western News Outlets
Creators: name: Humayun, Muhammad Fahad
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Ecology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Mental Health
subject: Computational Biology

description: In May 2019, Dutee Chand became the first Indian athlete to publicly come out as a lesbian while still actively competing. This study conducts a textual analysis of the Indian news media’s coverage of Chand’s announcement, focusing on three major English-language dailies: The Hindustan Times, The Hindu, and The Times of India. As one of the first studies to explore the Indian media’s response to Chand’s coming out, it sheds light on how lesbian athletes are portrayed in non-Western sports media, this one specifically within the Indian context. Chand's public embrace of her sexuality, in a cultural environment often hostile to LGBTQIA+ identities, has broader implications for understanding the media representation of sexual minorities in sports. The findings reveal that Indian news outlets depicted Chand as a rebellious figure but balanced their coverage by supporting her stance and conforming to prevailing social and cultural norms that resist public expressions of non-heteronormative sexualities.
title: Fairness in design: a model for critically analysing digital government forms
Creators: name: Khara, Arjun
Publisher: name: University of Reading
Year: 2022

description: This thesis investigates the role of fairness in the design of digital government 
forms, and attempts to answer the primary research objective: how can digital 
government forms facilitate fairness for everyone, i.e. forms users and issuers? 
The research begins with an overview of government forms in Singapore, 
then reviews concomitant literature on the design of paper and digital forms. 
The review shows there is a consensus that forms are co-authored documents 
involving an exchange of information between issuers and users. Government 
forms add an additional layer of complexity to these exchanges since they not 
only serve as information documents, but also legal instruments, with power 
to enforce user participation and impose punitive measures for incomplete or 
false responses. Users are therefore subjected to exchanges in which the rules 
of participation are dominated by issuers, while typically bearing the penalties 
for errors that arise from poorly designed forms; this leads to unfairness for 
users. However, it is also unfair for issuers to absorb complete blame for failed 
exchanges, given the co-authored nature of transactions embodied in forms.
Accordingly, the thesis explores prevailing philosophies of fairness across 
disciplines, ultimately settling on Rawlsian notions of cooperation, reciprocity, 
and compromise. These are matched with extant forms design practices to 
establish a framework capable of integrating Rawlsian principles of fairness 
with co-authorship. This framework is used to analyse two digital government 
forms in Singapore. The findings are then mapped onto a fairness model — a 
qualitative approach to identify problems in the design of digital forms. 
The model equates effort needed by least advantaged forms users, with 
design opportunities that issuers ought to provide to every user regardless of 
any user’s inherent abilities. In doing so, the fairness model responds to the 
primary research objective by: (i) identifying fairness gaps in Singapore’s 
digital government forms design; (ii) drawing out optimal fairness zones for 
participation between users and issuers; and (iii) establishing a set of criteria 
for integrating the fairness model into existing, and emerging, design practices 
to produce digital government forms that are fairer for everyone.
Эффективность и кардиобезопасность ингибитора фосфодиэстеразы 5 типа у мужчин со стабильной ишемической болезнью сердца и эректильной дисфункцией
Creators: name: Керимов Анар Курбанович
name: Марданов Баходир Умаркулович
name: Смирнов Андрей Павлович
Publisher: name: Международный журнал сердца и сосудистых заболеваний
Year: 2019
Subjects: ПРИНСТОНСКИЙ КОНСЕНСУС
ЭРЕКТИЛЬНАЯ ДИСФУНКЦИЯ
СИЛДЕНАФИЛ
ИШЕМИЧЕСКАЯ БОЛЕЗНЬ СЕРДЦА

description: Цель. Оценка эффективности 3-месячной терапии низкими и средними дозами силденафила у мужчин со стабильной ишемической болезнью сердца (ИБС) и эректильной дисфункцией (ЭД). Материалы и методы. В проспективное клиническое исследование были включены 50 мужчин в возрасте 40-69 лет со стабильной ИБС, низким и средним риском сердечно-сосудистых осложнений согласно пристонскому консенсусу и ЭД. Мужчины с ИБС и ЭД путем рандомизации распределены в две сопоставимые по основным показателям группы. Основная группа (n = 27) наряду с прежней базовой терапией ИБС получала силденафил в дозе 25 мг 3 раза в неделю. Через 1 месяц доза препарата увеличивалась до 50 мг. Контрольная группа (n = 23) получала только прежнюю базовую терапию ИБС. Длительность терапии и наблюдения составила 3 месяца. До и после исследования оценивались: динамика эректильной функции, симптомы мочеиспускания, выраженности хронического стресса, гемодинамических, антропометрических параметров и электрокардиографических (ЭКГ) показателей. Результаты. По результатам терапии отмечено практически двукратное улучшение эректильной функции, оцененной по вопроснику международного индекса ЭД, что оказалась статистически значимой как по сравнению с исходным показателем, так и с контрольной группой. На фоне проведенной терапии силденафилом отмечается уменьшение симптомов мочеиспускания, оцененной при помощи международной шкалы оценки симптомов мочеиспускания в среднем на 30 %, тогда как в контрольной группе не отслеживается динамика суммарного показателя по опроснику МИЭФ-5. По данным анкетирования в основной группе отмечается уменьшение уровня хронического стресса на 1/3. В контрольной группе динамика выраженности стресса не носила достоверного характера. Анализ ЭКГ в покое на фоне проведенной терапии силденафилом в дозировке 50 мг в сутки не выявил отрицательной динамики в частоте нарушений ритма, проводимости и показателей кровоснабжения миокарда. Заключение. Силденафил в малых дозах в виде курсовой терапии может быть рассмотрен для лечения ЭД у пациентов с ИБС, низким и средним риском по пристонскому консенсусу в составе комплексной терапии.
Limit Theorems and Coexistence Probabilities for the Curie-Weiss Potts Model with an external field
Creators: name: Gandolfo, Daniel
name: Ruiz, Jean
name: Wouts, Marc
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Curie-Weiss Potts model is a mean field version of the well-known Potts model. In this model, the critical line $β= β_c (h)$ is explicitly known and corresponds to a first order transition when $q > 2$. In the present paper we describe the fluctuations of the density vector in the whole domain $β\geqslant 0$ and $h \geqslant 0$, including the conditional fluctuations on the critical line and the non-Gaussian fluctuations at the extremity of the critical line. The probabilities of each of the two thermodynamically stable states on the critical line are also computed. Similar results are inferred for the Random-Cluster model on the complete graph.
description: 17 pages
Coherent Tunneling Adiabatic Passage with the Alternating Coupling Scheme
Creators: name: Jong, Lenneke M.
name: Greentree, Andrew D.
name: Conrad, Vincent I.
name: Hollenberg, Lloyd C. L
name: Jamieson, David N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The use of adiabatic passage techniques to mediate particle transport through real space, rather than phase space is becoming an interesting possibility. We have investigated the properties of Coherent Tunneling Adiabatic Passage (CTAP) with alternating tunneling matrix elements. This geometry, not previously considered in the donor in silicon paradigm, provides an interesting route to long-range quantum transport. We introduce simplified coupling protocols, and transient eigenspectra as well as a realistic gate design for this transport protocol. Using a pairwise treatment of the tunnel couplings for a 5 donor device with 30nm donor spacings, 120nm total chain length, we estimate the time scale required for adiabatic operation to be ~70ns, a time well within measured electron spin and estimated charge relaxation and times for phosphorus donors in silicon.
description: 13 pages, 5 figures, minor revisions
Charge pumping and the colored thermal voltage noise in spin valves
Creators: name: Xiao, Jiang
name: Bauer, Gerrit E. W.
name: Maekawa, Sadamichi
name: Brataas, Arne
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Spin pumping by a moving magnetization gives rise to an electric voltage over a spin valve. Thermal fluctuations of the magnetization manifest themselves as increased thermal voltage noise with absorption lines at the ferromagnetic resonance frequency and/or zero frequency. The effect depends on the magnetization configuration and can be of the same order of magnitude as the Johnson-Nyquist thermal noise. Measuring colored voltage noise is an alternative to ferromagnetic resonance experiments for nano-scale ferromagnetic circuits.
description: 9 pages, 2 figures
How to Begin the OA Transition: a guide for smaller and specialist publishers
Creators: name: Estelle, Lorraine
name: Jago, Dave
name: Jones, Ruth
name: Laakso, Mikael
name: Snijder, Ronald
name: Wise, Alicia
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: How to Begin the OA Transition: a guide for smaller and specialist publishers provides detailedadvice and guidance for both independent book publishers and those who work with largerpublishing partners.

UKRI, in partnership with the Association of Learned and Professional Society Publishers(ALPSP), the British Academy, and Open Access Scholarly Publishing Association(OASPA), commissioned Information Power to develop independent advice and a toolkitthat can support learned society, subject association, and smaller specialist publishers toexplore a range of potential strategies and business models through which they cantransition successfully to OA. These publishers play an important role in the research andscholarly communications ecosystem.
Isomorphism of Intransitive Linear Lie Equations
Creators: name: Veloso, Jose Miguel Martins
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We show that formal isomorphism of intransitive linear Lie equations along transversal to the orbits can be extended to neighborhoods of these transversal. In analytic cases, the word formal is dropped from theorems. Also, we associate an intransitive Lie algebra with each intransitive linear Lie equation, and from the intransitive Lie algebra we recover the linear Lie equation, unless of formal isomorphism. The intransitive Lie algebra gives the structure functions introduced by E. Cartan.
Thermodynamic Geometry and Phase Transitions in Kerr-Newman-AdS Black Holes
Creators: name: Sahay, Anurag
name: Sarkar, Tapobrata
name: Sengupta, Gautam
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate phase transitions and critical phenomena in Kerr-Newman-Anti de Sitter black holes in the framework of the geometry of their equilibrium thermodynamic state space. The scalar curvature of these state space Riemannian geometries is computed in various ensembles. The scalar curvature diverges at the critical point of second order phase transitions for these systems. Remarkably, however, we show that the state space scalar curvature also carries information about the liquid-gas like first order phase transitions and the consequent instabilities and phase coexistence for these black holes. This is encoded in the turning point behavior and the multi-valued branched structure of the scalar curvature in the neighborhood of these first order phase transitions. We re-examine this first for the conventional Van der Waals system, as a preliminary exercise. Subsequently, we study the Kerr-Newman-AdS black holes for a grand canonical and two "mixed" ensembles and establish novel phase structures. The state space scalar curvature bears out our assertion for the first order phase transitions for both the known and the new phase structures, and closely resembles the Van der Waals system.
description: 1 + 41 pages, LaTeX, 46 figures. Discussions, clarifications and references added
Improving Women's Electoral Chances through an Evidence-Based Approach: Bridging Resourcing Gaps
Creators: name: Baker, Kerryn
Publisher: name: Canberra, ACT : Coral Bell School of Asia Pacific Affairs, College of Asia and the Pacific, The Australian National University
Year: 2016

description: This is the sixth In Brief of a series of eight developed as background papers for a three-day workshop titled ‘Improving women’s electoral chances through an evidence-based approach’, hosted by the Centre for Democratic Institutions and the State, Society and Governance in Melanesia Program at the Australian National University in Canberra, June 2016. The In Briefs are designed to accompany the workshop synthesis report.
Quantum noise thermometry for bosonic Josephson junctions in the mean field regime
Creators: name: Gottlieb, Alex D.
name: Schumm, Thorsten
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Bosonic Josephson junctions can be realized by confining ultracold gases of bosons in multi-well traps, and studied theoretically with the $M$-site Bose-Hubbard model. We show that canonical equilibrium states of the $M$-site Bose-Hubbard model may be approximated by mixtures of coherent states, provided the number of atoms is large and the total energy is comparable to $k_BT$. Using this approximation, we study thermal fluctuations in bosonic Josephson junctions in the mean field regime. Statistical estimates of the fluctuations of relative phase and number, obtained by averaging over many replicates of an experiment, can be used to estimate the temperature and the tunneling parameter, or to test whether the experimental procedure is effectively sampling from a canonical thermal equilibrium ensemble.
description: Accepted for Phys. Rev. A
WAVINESS EFFECTS IN RAY TRACING OF 'REAL' OPTICAL SURFACES
Creators: name: M. SANCHEZ-DEL-RIO
name: A. MARCELLI
Publisher: name: INFN Open Access Repository
Year: 1991

description: Today ray-tracking calculations are playing an essential role in the design of synchrotron radiation beamlines. In particular, for the new generation of synchrotron radiation machines that will produce high brightness x-ray beams, the low emittance must be conserved along the beamline by choosing the best optical design. Quality of optical elements are limited by the technological manifacturing process, characterized by the values of roughness and waviness of the optical surfaces. Therefore a reliable description of an optical element is essential for having accurace results in ray-tracing simulations. We present here a model for introducing the waviness effect of real optics surfaces in ray-tracing calculations and also show some examples of simulated surfaces in comparison with real measured surfaces.
Episodic Magnetic Bubbles and Jets: Astrophysical Implications from Laboratory Experiments
Creators: name: Ciardi, Andrea
name: Lebedev, Sergey V.
name: Frank, Adam
name: Suzuki-Vidal, Francisco
name: Hall, Gareth N.
name: Bland, Simon N.
name: Harvey-Thompson, Adam
name: Blackman, Eric G.
name: Camenzind, Max
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Collimated outflows (jets) are ubiquitous in the universe appearing around sources as diverse as protostars and extragalactic supermassive blackholes. Jets are thought to be magnetically collimated, and launched from a magnetized accretion disk surrounding a compact gravitating object. We have developed the first laboratory experiments to address time-dependent, episodic phenomena relevant to the poorly understood jet acceleration and collimation region. The experimental results show the periodic ejections of magnetic bubbles naturally evolving into a heterogeneous jet propagating inside a channel made of self-collimated magnetic cavities. The results provide a unique view of the possible transition from a relatively steady-state jet launching to the observed highly structured outflows.
description: 13 pages 4 Figures, revised version. Accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal Letters
ELECTROMAGNETIC DECAYS OF VECTOR MESONS IN LATTICE QCD
Creators: name: M. CRISAFULLI
name: V. LUBICZ
Publisher: name: INFN Open Access Repository
Year: 1992

description: We present a lattice study of electromagnetic decays of vector mesons V into pseudoscalar mesons P, relevant to radiative decays V->Pγ and conversion decays V->Pl^+l^-. The form factor f_q(q^2), associated with the electromagnetic current of the quark q, has been computed using Wilson fermions in the quenched approximation.
Motion Blur examples and methods from How to generate and test hypotheses about colour: insights from half a century of guppy research
Creators: name: Kemp, Darrell J.
name: Reznick, David N.
name: Arendt, Jeffrey
name: van den Berg, Cedric
name: Endler, John A.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 60801 Animal Behaviour

description: This ESM provides examples of how blur affects the appearance of complex colour patterns and also how to do it in MATLAB.
Divergence-type nonlinear conformal hydrodynamics
Creators: name: Peralta-Ramos, J.
name: Calzetta, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Within the theoretical framework of divergence-type theories (DTTs), we set up a consistent nonlinear hydrodynamical description of a conformal fluid in flat space-time. DTTs go beyond second-order (in velocity gradients) theories, and are closed in the sense that they do not rely on adiabatic expansions. We show that the stress-energy tensor constructed from second-order conformal invariants is obtained from the DTT by a consistent adiabatic expansion. The DTT satisfies the Second Law, and is causal in a set of fluid states near equilibrium. Finally, we compare, analytically and numerically, the equations of motion of the DTT and its truncation to second-order terms for the case of boost invariant flow. Our numerical results indicate that the relaxation towards ideal hydrodynamics is significantly faster in the DTT than in the second-order theory. Not relying on a gradient expansion, our findings may be useful in the study of early-time dynamics and in the evolution of shock-waves in heavy-ion collisions.
description: 34 pages, 4 figures. v2: Accepted in Phys. Rev. D
LiDAR PLACEMENT OPTIMIZATION USING A MULTI-CRITERIA APPROACH
Creators: name: Saka, Zainab Abidemi
Publisher: name: Purdue University Graduate School
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 400512
subject: Transport engineering

description: Most road fatalities are caused by human error. To help mitigate this issue and enhance overall transportation safety, companies are turning to advanced driver assistance systems and autonomous vehicle development. Perception, a key module of these systems, mostly uses light detection and ranging (LiDAR) sensors and enables efficient obstacle detection and environment mapping. Extensive research on the use of LiDAR for autonomous driving has been documented in the literature. Yet still, several researchers and practitioners have advocated continued investigation of LiDAR placement alternatives. To address this research need, this thesis research begins with a comprehensive review of different sensor technologies – camera, radio detection and ranging, global positioning system, and inertial measurement units – and exploring their inherent strengths and limitations. Next, the thesis research developed a methodological multiple criteria framework and implemented it in the context of LiDAR placement optimization. Given the numerous criteria and placement alternatives associated with LiDAR placement, multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA) was identified as an effective tool for LiDAR placement optimization. MCDA has been applied to some extent in decision-making regarding autonomous vehicle development. However, its application in LiDAR placement optimization remains unexplored. In evaluating the LiDAR placement alternatives, the research first established the placement alternatives and then developed a comprehensive yet diverse set of criteria – point density, blind spot regions, sensor cost, power consumption, sensor redundancy, ease of installation, and aesthetics. The data collection methods included the CARLA simulator, sensor datasheets, and questionnaire surveys. The relative importance among the evaluation criteria was established using weighting techniques such as respondent-assigned weighting, equal weighting, and randomly generated weighting. Then, to standardize the different measurement units, scaling was carried out using value functions developed for each criterion using data from the respondents. Finally, the weighted and scaled criteria measures were amalgamated to obtain the overall evaluation score for each alternative LiDAR placement design. This enabled the ranking of the placement designs and the identification of the best-performing and worst-performing designs. Hence, the optimization method used is the enumeration technique. The findings of this study serve as a reference for future similar efforts that seek to optimize LiDAR placements based on select criteria. Further, it is expected that the thesis’s framework will contribute to an enhanced understanding of the overall impact of LiDAR placement on autonomous vehicles, thus enabling the cost-effective design of their placement and, ultimately, improving AV operational outcomes, including traffic safety.
Strong electric fields induced on a sharp stellar boundary
Creators: name: Mishustin, Igor N.
name: Ebel, Claudio
name: Greiner, Walter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Due to a first order phase transition, a compact star may have a discontinuous distribution of baryon as well as electric charge densities, as e.g. at the surface of a strange quark star. The induced separation of positive and negative charges may lead to generation of supercritical electric fields in the vicinity of such a discontinuity. We study this effect within a relativistic Thomas-Fermi approximation and demonstrate that the strength of the electric field depends strongly on the degree of sharpness of the surface. The influence of strong electric fields on the stability of compact stars is discussed. It is demonstrated that stable configurations appear only when the counter-pressure of degenerate fermions is taken into consideration.
description: 13 pages, 2 figures
Multiple Interactions, Saturation, and Final States in pp Collisions and DIS
Creators: name: Gustafson, Gösta
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In high energy collisions saturation and multiple collisions are most easily accounted for in transverse coordinate space, while analyses in momentum space have been more suitable for calculating properties of exclusive final states. In this talk I describe an extension of Mueller's dipole cascade model, which attempts to combine the good features of both these descriptions. Besides saturation it also includes effects of correlations and fluctuations, which have been difficult to account for in previous approaches. The model reproduces successfully total, elastic, and diffractive cross sections in pp collisions and DIS, and a description of final states will be ready soon.
description: 15 pages, Cracow Epiphany Conference January 5-7 2009
Fractional calculus approach to the statistical characterization of random variables and vectors
Creators: name: Cottone, Giulio
name: Di Paola, Mario
name: Metzler, Ralf
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Fractional moments have been investigated by many authors to represent the density of univariate and bivariate random variables in different contexts. Fractional moments are indeed important when the density of the random variable has inverse power-law tails and, consequently, it lacks integer order moments. In this paper, starting from the Mellin transform of the characteristic function and by fractional calculus method we present a new perspective on the statistics of random variables. Introducing the class of complex moments, that include both integer and fractional moments, we show that every random variable can be represented within this approach, even if its integer moments diverge. Applications to the statistical characterization of raw data and in the representation of both random variables and vectors are provided, showing that the good numerical convergence makes the proposed approach a good and reliable tool also for practical data analysis.
description: 20 pages, 5 figures, accepted in Physica A
Dynamics in two-leg spin ladder with a four-spin cyclic interaction
Creators: name: Nishimoto, S.
name: Arikawa, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study two-leg Heisenberg ladder with four-spin cyclic interaction using the (dynamical) density-matrix renormalization group method. We demonstrate the dependence of the low-lying excitations in the spin wave, staggered dimer order, and scalar-chirality order structure factors on the four-spin cyclic interaction. We find that the cyclic interaction enhances spin-spin correlations with wave vector around momentum $(q_x,q_y)=(\fracπ{2},0)$. Also, the presence of long-range order in the staggered dimer and scalar-chirality phases is confirmed by a $δ$-function peak contribution of the structure factors at energy $ω=0$.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures
Vertical dissipation profiles and the photosphere location in thin and slim accretion disks
Creators: name: Sadowski, A.
name: Abramowicz, M.
name: Bursa, M.
name: Kluzniak, W.
name: Rozanska, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate optically thick but geometrically thin (and slim) accretion disk models and perform a ray-tracing of photons (in the Kerr geometry) to calculate the observed disk spectra. Previously, it was a common practice to ray-trace photons assuming that they are emitted from the Kerr geometry equatorial plane, z = 0. We show that the spectra calculated with this assumption differ from these calculated under the assumption that photons are emitted from the actual surface of the disc, z = H(r). This implies that a knowledge of the location of the thin disks effective photosphere is relevant for calculating the spectra. In this paper we investigate, in terms of a simple toy model, a possible influence of the (unknown, and therefore ad hoc assumed) vertical dissipation profiles on the vertical structure of the disk and thus on the location of the effective photosphere, and on the observed spectra. For disks with moderate and high mass accretion rates (\dot m>0.01\dot m_C) we find that the photosphere location in the inner, radiation pressure dominated, disk region (where most of the radiation comes from) does not depend on the dissipation profile and therefore emerging disk spectra are insensitive to the choice of the dissipation function. For lower accretion rates the photosphere location depends on the assumed vertical dissipation profile down to the disk inner edge, but the dependence is very weak and thus of minor importance. We conclude that the spectra of optically thick accretion disks around black holes should be calculated with the ray-tracing from the effective photosphere and that, fortunately, the choice of a particular vertical dissipation profile does not substantially influence the calculated spectrum.
description: 7 pages, 7 figures
$AdS_{2} \times S^{2}$ geometries and the extreme quantum-corrected black holes
Creators: name: Matyjasek, Jerzy
name: Tryniecki, Dariusz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The second-order term of the approximate stress-energy tensor of the quantized massive scalar field in the Bertotti-Robinson and Reissner- Nordström spacetimes is constructed within the framework of the Schwinger-DeWitt method. It is shown that although the Bertotti- Robinson geometry is a self-consistent solution of the ($Λ=0$) semiclassical Einstein field equations with the source term given by the leading term of the renormalized stress-energy tensor, it does not remain so when the next-to-leading term is taken into account and requires the introduction of a cosmological term. The addition of the electric charge to the system does not change this behavior. The near horizon geometry of the extreme quantum-corrected Reissner-Nordström black hole is analyzed. It has the $AdS_{2} \times S^{2}$ topology and the sum of the curvature radii of the two dimensional submanifolds is proportional to the trace of the second order term. It suggests that the "minimal" approximation should be constructed from the first two terms of the Schwinger-DeWitt expansion.
SHIELDING CURRENTS INFLUENCE ON INTERGRANULAR COUPLING IN HIGH Tc SUPERCONDUCTORS
Creators: name: S. PACE
name: A. SAGGESE
name: L. LIBERATORI
name: B. POLICHETTI
name: F. CELANI
Publisher: name: INFN Open Access Repository
Year: 1991

description: In this paper we analyze the weakly coupled structure of high Tc superconducting granular samples in terms of a Josephson junctions network. We start from the well known results on superconducting loops closed by Josephson junctions, and show that the energy barrier for entrapping or detrapping flux quanta is essentially determined by the shielding currents crossing the junctions which remove the states generation. This effect corresponds to the absence of degeneration of the thermodynamic potential as a function of different number of flux quanta trapped in the superconducting loops. Following this approach we remark that the superconducting glass model neglects the effects of shielding currents and may be a poor approximation. On the contrary a correct description of superconducting granular systems leads to a model very similar to the usual flux creep model.
CLIMAAX M6 Deliverable – Climate risk assessment Advanced Risk assessment for ClimAte resilience Debates, Innovations and Actions in Dobrich (ARCADIA) Bulgaria, Dobrich
Creators: name: Dobrich Municipality
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: Deliverable Phase 1 – Climate risk assessmentAdvanced Risk assessment for ClimAte resilience Debates,Innovations and Actions in Dobrich (ARCADIA)Bulgaria, Dobrich
The Dual Parton Model at Cosmic Ray Energies
Creators: name: J. Ranft
Publisher: name: INFN Open Access Repository
Year: 1994

description: The Dual Parton Model for hadron-hadron, hadron-nucleus and nucleus-nucleus collisions is studied in the fragmentation region up to the Cosmic Ray energy region. Due to the excellent Feynman scaling behaviour of the model outside the regions around x_f = 1. and x_f = 0. , it is found, that accelerator data in the fragmentation region are indeed relevant for the Cosmic Ray energy region. However, not enough data are available in the fragmentation region of hadron collisions with light target nuclei. Therefore many features of hadron production in collision involving nuclei can only be extracted from the study of models.
Impact crater formation: a simple application of solid state physics
Creators: name: Celebonovic, V.
name: Souchay, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This contribution is a first step aiming to address a general question: what can be concluded on impact craters which exist on various planetary system objects, by combining astronomical data and known theoretical results from solid state physics. Assuming that the material of the target body is of crystaline structure,it is shown that a simple calculation gives the possibility of estimating the speed of the impactor responsible for the creation of a crater.A test value,calculated using observed data on the composition of some asteroids,gives a value of the speed in good agreement with results of celestial mechanics.
description: plain LaTeX,presented at the 6 SREAC meeting Belgrade,September 2009.,and to appear in the proceedings
Effects of Cosmic-Ray-Induced Casacades on the Ultracryogenic Antenna NAUTILUS
Creators: name: P. Astone
name: M. Bassan
name: P. Bonifazi
name: P. Carelli
name: C. Cosmelli
name: E. Coccia
name: D. Castellazzi
name: V. Fafone
name: S. Frasca
name: A. Marini
name: G. Mazzitelli
name: I. Modena
name: G. Modestino
name: A. Moleti
name: G. V. Pallottino
name: M. A. Papa
name: G. Pizzella
name: P. Rapagnani
name: F. Ricci
name: F. Ronga
name: R. Terenzi
name: M. Visco
name: L. Votano
Publisher: name: INFN Open Access Repository
Year: 1995

description: The gravitation wave antenna NAUTILUS has been provided with a cosmic-ray veto system. The espected number of events from the interactions of high-energy hadrons and muons and multihadron showers with the antenna are shown together with examples from the data analysis of the search for coincidences between the two detectors.
Polarized DIS in N=4 SYM: Where is spin at strong coupling?
Creators: name: Hatta, Yoshitaka
name: Ueda, Takahiro
name: Xiao, Bo-Wen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using the AdS/CFT correspondence, we calculate the polarized structure functions in strongly coupled N=4 supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory deformed in the infrared. We find that the flavor singlet contribution to the g_1 structure function is vanishingly small, while the flavor non-singlet contribution shows the Regge behavior at small-x with an intercept slightly less than 1. We explicitly check that the latter satisfies the moment sum rule. We discuss the `spin crisis' problem and suggest that at strong coupling the spin of a hadron entirely comes from the orbital angular momentum.
description: 24 pages
СЎФИ ОЛЛОЁР ИЖОДИЙ МЕРОСИ ҲАҚИДА УМУМИЙ ТАВСИФ
Creators: name: Қаршиев Ислом Эгамқулович, ЖДПУ ўқитувчиси
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Сўфи Оллоёр ўзбек адабиёти тарихида тасаввуф таълимотини ривожлантиришга муносиб ҳисса қўшган шоирдир. У шеърларида сўфийликниниг ахлоқий масалаларини кенг тарғиб қилди.  Одам фақат шу йўл билан хақиқат ва комилликка эришади деган фалсафани олға сурди. Сўфи Оллоёр асарларини форс, араб тилларини пухта билган ҳолда содда ўзбек тилида ёзди. Шунинг учун шоир асарлари халқ оммаси орасида кенг тарқалгандир. Шоир асарлари Тошкент, Қозон, Боку, Истанбул ва бошқа шаҳарларда, тошбосма йўли билан бир қанча марта босилиб чиққан
The Super Bigbite Project: a Study of Nucleon Form Factors
Creators: name: de Jager, Kees
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A proposed set of instrumentation, collectively referred to as the Super Bigbite project, is presented. Used in three different configurations it will allow measurements of three nucleon electromagnetic form factors GEn, GEp, and GMn with unprecedented precision to Q2-values up to three times higher than existing data.