cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Decay spectroscopy of neutron-rich ¹²⁹Cd with the GRIFFIN spectrometer
Creators: name: Saito, Yukiya
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2018

description: Nuclei around doubly magic ¹³²Sn are of particular interest in nuclear structure as well as nuclear astrophysics. Their properties provide important input for the r-process as waiting-point nuclei. For example, their shell structure and half-lives affect the shape of the second r-process abundance peak at A∼130. In terms of nuclear structure, the evolution of single-particle levels near shell closures is ideal for testing the current nuclear models far from stability. There have been two studies on the decay of ¹²⁹Cd, however, the level schemes of ¹²⁹In have large discrepancies. Also, many of the spins of the excited states remain unclear. Therefore, the main purpose of the present study is to resolve the disagreements in the reported level schemes and to determine the properties of the energy states. The experiment was performed at the ISAC facility of TRIUMF, Canada. A 480 MeV proton beam, which was accelerated by the main cyclotron at TRIUMF, was impinged on an uranium carbide target to produce radioactive isotopes. ¹²⁹Cd was extracted using the Ion Guide Laser Ion Source (IG-LIS). γ-rays following the decays of ¹²⁹Cd were detected with the GRIFFIN spectrometer comprising of 16 high-purity germanium (HPGe) clover type detectors, along with the β-particles detected with SCEPTAR. The high statistics and the high sensitivity of the detectors allowed us to perform detailed and precise spectroscopy. A theoretical calculation was conducted using the shell model code NuShellX@MSU, employing the realistic residual interaction model jj45pna. The results of the analysis, including 29 new transitions and 5 new excited states, will be discussed and compared to the theoretical calculations.
Additional file 1 of A new extinct species of alligator lizard (Squamata: Elgaria) and an expanded perspective on the osteology and phylogeny of Gerrhonotinae
Creators: name: Scarpetta, Simon G.
name: Ledesma, David T.
name: Bell, Christopher J.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1. Other specimens examined. Other specimens examined in this study.
The Impact of Competing Time Delays in Coupled Stochastic Systems
Creators: name: Hunt, D.
name: Korniss, G.
name: Szymanski, B. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the impact of competing time delays in coupled stochastic synchronization and coordination problems. We consider two types of delays: transmission delays between interacting elements and processing, cognitive, or execution delays at each element. We establish the scaling theory for the phase boundary of synchronization and for the steady-state fluctuations in the synchronizable regime. Further, we provide the asymptotic behavior near the boundary of the synchronizable regime. Our results also imply the potential for optimization and trade-offs in synchronization problems with time delays.
Supplementary document for Influence of the interaction geometry on the fidelity of the two-qubit Rydberg blockade gate - 6592421.pdf
Creators: name: Vybornyi, Ivan
name: Gerasimov, Leonid
name: Kupriyanov, Dmitriy
name: Straupe, Stanislav
name: Tikhonov, Kirill
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2023
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Supplement 1
Predictive Signatures of Supersymmetry: Measuring the Dark Matter Mass and Gluino Mass with Early LHC data
Creators: name: Feldman, Daniel
name: Freese, Katherine
name: Nath, Pran
name: Nelson, Brent D.
name: Peim, Gregory
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a focused study of a predictive unified model whose measurable consequences are immediately relevant to early discovery prospects of supersymmetry at the LHC. ATLAS and CMS have released their analysis with 35~pb$^{-1}$ of data and the model class we discuss is consistent with this data. It is shown that with an increase in luminosity the LSP dark matter mass and the gluino mass can be inferred from simple observables such as kinematic edges in leptonic channels and peak values in effective mass distributions. Specifically, we consider cases in which the neutralino is of low mass and where the relic density consistent with WMAP observations arises via the exchange of Higgs bosons in unified supergravity models. The magnitudes of the gaugino masses are sharply limited to focused regions of the parameter space, and in particular the dark matter mass lies in the range $\sim (50-65) ~\rm GeV$ with an upper bound on the gluino mass of $575~{\rm GeV}$, with a typical mass of $450~{\rm GeV}$. We find that all model points in this paradigm are discoverable at the LHC at $\sqrt s = 7 \rm ~TeV$. We determine lower bounds on the entire sparticle spectrum in this model based on existing experimental constraints. In addition, we find the spin-independent cross section for neutralino scattering on nucleons to be generally in the range of $σ^{\rm SI}_{\na p} = 10^{-46 \pm 1}~\rm cm^2$ with much higher cross sections also possible. Thus direct detection experiments such as CDMS and XENON already constrain some of the allowed parameter space of the low mass gaugino models and further data will provide important cross-checks of the model assumptions in the near future.
Nonindigenous species: ecological explanation, environmental ethics; and public policy
Creators: name: Lodge, David M
name: Shrader-Frechette, K.
Publisher: name: University of Notre Dame
Year: 2023

description: The public is getting a mixed message from ecologists, other scholars, andjournalists on the topic of nonindigenous species. Misunderstandings and tension exist regarding the science, values, environmental ethics, andpublicpolicy relevant to invasive species, which are the subset of nonindigenous species that cause economic or environmental damage. Although there is a natural background rate at which species invasions occur, it is much lower than the current human-induced rates at which species are being moved around the globe. Contrary to some recently voiced opinions, the fact that some species invasions occur without human assistance does not confer acceptability on all species invasions. Also, despite claims to the contrary, the re ductions of native biodiversity caused by nonindigenous species are large and well documented. Even if that were not true, an emphasis on species numbers alone as a metric for the impact of nonindigenous species does not adequately incorporate the high value many humans place on the uniqueness of regional biota. Be cause regional biota are being homogenized by species invasions, it has become an appropriate and official public policy goal in the United States to reduce the harm done by invasive species. The goal is not, however, a reduction of numbers of nonindigenous species per se, as recently claimed by some authors, but a reduction in the damage caused by invasive species, including many sorts of environmental and economic damage. A major challenge remaining for ecology, environmental ethics, and public policy is therefore the development of widely applicable risk-assessment protocols that are acceptable to diverse constituencies. Despite apparent disagreements among scholars, little real disagreement exists about the occurrence, effects, or public-policy implications of nonindigenous species.
Dynamic S0 Galaxies II: the Role of Diffuse Hot Gas
Creators: name: Li, Jiang-Tao
name: Wang, Q. Daniel
name: Li, Zhiyuan
name: Chen, Yang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Gas loss is thought to be important in SF quenching and morphological transition during the evolution of S0 galaxies. In high density environments, gas loss can be achieved via many external mechanisms. However, in relatively isolated environments, where these external mechanisms cannot be efficient, gas loss must be dominated by some internal processes. We perform Chandra analysis of hot gas in five nearby isolated S0 galaxies, based on quantitative subtraction of various stellar contributions. We find that all the galaxies studied in the present work are X-ray faint, with the hot gas luminosity LX<5% of the expected Ia SN energy injection rate. We further compare our results with those from relevant recent papers, in order to investigate the energy budget, cold-hot gas relation, and gas removal from S0 galaxies in isolated environments. We find that elliptical and S0 galaxies are not significantly different in LX at the low mass end (typically with LK<1e11Lsun). However, at the high mass end, S0 galaxies tend to have significantly lower LX than elliptical galaxies of the same stellar masses. We further discuss the potential relation of the diffuse X-ray emission with the cold gas content in S0 and elliptical galaxies. We find that LX/LK^2 tends to correlate positively with the total cold gas mass M(H2+HI) for gas-poor galaxies with M(H2+HI)<1e8Msun, while they anti-correlate with each other for gas-rich ones. This cold-hot gas relation can be explained in a scenario of galaxy evolution, with the leftover cold gas from the precursor star forming galaxy mainly removed by the long-lasting Ia SN feedback. The two different trends for gas-rich and -poor galaxies may be the results of the initial fast decreasing SN rate and the later fast decreasing mass-loading to hot gas, respectively.
description: 10 pages, 4 figures, 2 tables, accepted for publication by ApJ
Additional file 1 of Estimating the health and economic effects of the voluntary sodium reduction targets in Brazil: microsimulation analysis
Creators: name: Nilson, Eduardo Augusto Fernandes
name: Pearson-Stuttard, Jonathan
name: Collins, Brendan
name: Guzman-Castillo, Maria
name: Capewell, Simon
name: O’Flaherty, Martin
name: Jaime, Patrícia Constante
name: Kypridemos, Chris
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1: High-level description of the IMPACTNCD-BR model. Figure 1. A logical framework for the IMPACT NCD-BR model. Figure 2. Coronary heart disease mortality by sex. Observed versus modelled number of deaths. Figure 3. Stroke mortality by sex. Observed versus modelled number of deaths. Figure 4. Other (non-coronary heart disease, non-stroke) mortality by sex. Observed versus modelled number of deaths. Figure 5. Population size by sex. Observed versus modelled number of deaths. Table S1. The IMPACTNCD-BR model data sources. Table S2. Key modelling assumptions and limitations. Table S3. Food categories in the Brazilian voluntary agreements and their mean sodium content at the baseline of negotiations and in 2017 (mg/100g). Table S4. Sodium intake by age and sex groups and by dietary sodium sources at baseline (POF 2008-2009 survey). Table S5. Estimated sodium intake by age and sex groups and by dietary sodium sources considering food reformulation caused by the Brazilian voluntary target scenarios (2017). Table S6. Health-related model estimates over the 20-year simulation period from 2013 to 2032 for Brazilian adults age 30 to 79 years by sex [3, 4, 7, 11–15, 18, 19, 24, 26, 27, 29, 32, 44–81].
32516: What college are you at? Who cares?
Creators: name: Project, Lockdown2020 and Beyond
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 479999
subject: Other language, communication and culture not elsewhere classified

description: I stressed a lot about choosing the right college for my postgraduate studies. As someone who likes to plan everything, I researched every college and made a meticulous choice: was there a college gym? was there a piano I could play? was it near my department? In the end I was assigned a college that was far away from my department but, optimistically, I got a flat next to it so I could try to throw myself into college life. Now, it all seems slightly futile. For much of term college meals were closed to non-residents. The few social events for non-residents were online anyway (note the past tense: they have since been abandoned). I was forbidden to play the piano in the common room on Covid grounds, among others. I was very much looking forward to feeling a sense of community from my college. I thought that after graduation, whenever I met another Oxonian I would say: "What college were you at? Oh me too! Wasn't it great?" But in practice Covid has made it irrelevant to my life. But not totally irrelevant: I'm now stuck with a long commute to my department (40 minutes on foot) because, remember, I chose accommodation specifically near my college that was going to be such a big part of my life. I realise that these thoughts are supposed to be positive, and indeed there are many positive aspects to my Oxford experience, but I would be doing the future historians of the Great Plague of 2020 a disservice if I hid from them an accurate picture of how our lives have been affected.
Engaging with Facebook health support groups among the Australian CALD population in NSW
Creators: name: Al Zein, Mohamad Mahmoud
Publisher: name: University of Wollongong
Year: 2025
Subjects: classificationCode: 4609
subject: Information systems
classificationCode: 420308
subject: Health informatics and information systems
classificationCode: 460102
subject: Applications in health
classificationCode: 420302
subject: Digital health

description: Social media platforms have witnessed a marked surge in recent years, facilitating real-time information exchange, communication, and transfer in the health domain. Individuals originating from countries other than Australia and speaking languages other than English are typically classified as belonging to culturally and Linguistically Diverse (CALD) groups in Australia. Nonetheless, there exists a paucity of research elucidating the driving factors that prompt consumers from CALD backgrounds to engage with health support groups on Facebook.In numerous studies, the obstacles encountered by CALD groups in accessing health have been thoroughly investigated. Concurrently, there's a notable gap in CALD population participation and engagement via Facebook health support groups. Thus, it is pivotal to explore ways to amplify engagement in Facebook health support groups among the CALD population in NSW, Australia.The aim of this study is to investigate and articulate the main factors that promote engagement among the Australian CALD population in Facebook health support groups.
Robustness of Entanglement as a Resource
Creators: name: Chaves, Rafael
name: Davidovich, Luiz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The robustness of multipartite entanglement of systems undergoing decoherence is of central importance to the area of quantum information. Its characterization depends however on the measure used to quantify entanglement and on how one partitions the system. Here we show that the unambiguous assessment of the robustness of multipartite entanglement is obtained by considering the loss of functionality in terms of two communication tasks, namely the splitting of information between many parties and the teleportation of states.
description: 11 pages, 5 figures
Chaotic Fast Scrambling At Black Holes
Creators: name: Barbon, Jose L. F.
name: Magan, Javier M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Fast scramblers process information in characteristic times scaling logarithmically with the entropy, a behavior which has been conjectured for black hole horizons. In this note we use the AdS/CFT fold to argue that causality bounds on information flow only depend on the properties of a single thermal cell, and admit a geometrical interpretation in terms of the optical depth, i.e. the thickness of the Rindler region in the so-called optical metric. The spatial sections of the optical metric are well approximated by constant-curvature hyperboloids. We use this fact to propose an effective kinetic model of scrambling which can be assimilated to a compact hyperbolic billiard, furnishing a classic example of hard chaos. It is suggested that classical chaos at large N is a crucial ingredient in reconciling the notion of fast scrambling with the required saturation of causality.
description: 10 pages, 2 figures
Evaluating small molecule and macromolecular ligands for tuning protease activity on QD probes
Creators: name: Jeen, Yow Ting
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2018

description: Quantum dots (QDs) provide a promising platform for fluorescence-based assays. Their non-trivial surface area, bright photoluminescence (PL), and photostability can be coupled to Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) to enable sensitive detection of proteolytic activities. To further develop QD probes and fine-tune the interactions between QDs and enzymes, the QD ligand library was expanded to include a zwitterionic carboxybetaine, anionic serine-appended lipoic acid, and a glucitol-functionalized lipoic acid. Ligands are a necessary part of QD probes as QDs are often synthesized with hydrophobic ligands and ligand exchange is needed to render QDs colloidally stable in aqueous solutions. Since the ligands are at the interface of the nanocrystal surface and the bulk solution, a variety of available QD surface chemistry is needed to optimize ligand selection for different analytes and matrices. The pH and ionic stability of the new ligand-coated QDs were evaluated and compared to the commonly used dihydrolipoic acid (DHLA) and glutathione-coated QDs. Three model proteases were studied to evaluate their activities on the different ligand-coated QDs. The variations in the proteolytic activities on the different QDs could be used to distinguish between the three enzymes. As the ligand library continues to expand, a combination of these QDs can be used to identify an unknown enzyme in a microarray format. Biomolecules conjugated to QDs provide yet another strategy to manipulate proteolytic activity on QDs. As a proof-of concept, a peptide sequence based on protease-activated-receptor 1 (PAR1) was displayed on QD-substrate conjugate to mimic the display of PAR1 on cellular surface. The PAR1-displaying zwitterionic QDs were associated with enhanced relative initial rate compared to the control by as much as 15-fold. These results highlight the importance of the QD surface chemistry and that different elements can have a synergistic effect when assembled together on the QD platform. Similar to what is seen in biology, the selectivity of QD probes can be tuned through additional allosteric interactions instead of substrate recognition sites for the protease active site alone.
Additional file 1 of Performance of acute respiratory distress syndrome definitions in a high acuity paediatric intensive care unit
Creators: name: Rudolph, Michelle
name: van Dijk, Jefta
name: de Jager, Pauline
name: Dijkstra, Sandra K.
name: Burgerhof, Johannes G. M.
name: Blokpoel, Robert G. T.
name: Kneyber, Martin C. J.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1. Flow chart of the experimental design. First all patients were selected who received MV over 24 h during PICU admission, then there was screened for exclusion criteria. Of the remaining cohort all chest radiographs were reviewed during day -1 up to day 8 of PICU admission by the first reviewer (MR). In case of a possible consolidation the second reviewer reviewed the chest radiographs (JvD). Hereof another selection was made and reviewed by a third reviewer (MK or RB), in case of a found consolidation the patient card was screened for the oxygenation criterium +/− 24 h of the chest radiograph.
Ethics of Recognizing Contributions of Undergraduate Engineering Students
Publisher: name: Online Ethics Center
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Engineering
subject: Electrical Engineering
subject: Mechanical Engineering
subject: FOS: Mechanical engineering
subject: Collaboration
subject: Confidentiality
subject: Intellectual Property and Patents
subject: Mentors and Trainees
subject: Publication Ethics
subject: Authorship

description: This hypothetical scenario is about a student who has to do an internship as part of an undergraduate program in mechatronics. The student contributed to a novel technology, but upon the project's success, the team decided to publish their findings without giving Amir authorship credit and offered to mention student contributions in the paper's acknowledgements section.
On the transition between the Weibel and the whistler instabilities
Creators: name: Palodhi, L.
name: Califano, F.
name: Pegoraro, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The transition between non resonant (Weibel-type) and resonant (whistler) instabilities is investigated numerically in plasma configurations with an ambient magnetic field of increasing amplitudes. The Vlasov-Maxwell system is solved in a configuration where the fields have three components but depend only on one coordinate and on time. The nonlinear evolution of these instabilities is shown to lead to the excitation of electromagnetic and electrostatic modes at the first few harmonics of the plasma frequency and, in the case of a large ambient magnetic field, to a long-wavelength, spatial modulation of the amplitude of the magnetic field generated by the whistler instability.
description: 11 pages
32517: On buying sub fusc in 2020
Creators: name: Project, Lockdown2020 and Beyond
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 479999
subject: Other language, communication and culture not elsewhere classified

description: Gentle reader, I have a slightly scandalous confession: I do not own an academic gown. And I have no plans of acquiring one either. I know, I'm a rebel. "But!" you might say. "But surely!" you might gasp. "Aren't these quaint traditions the whole point of Oxbridge?" you might protest. "Is it not a time-honoured tradition when one matriculates at Oxford to change one's Facebook profile picture to a photo of oneself in sub fusc in front of the Radcliffe Camera? Plus you're a graduate student so you get to wear the long ones! For shame, sir, for shame!" Well, gentle reader, I've actually already thought of that. I carefully identified five situations in which I might wear sub fusc, to wit: 1) formal dinners in my college, 2) formal dinners at other people's colleges, 3) graduation, 4) exams, and 5) matriculation. As it happens, none of these apply to me! I am: 1) not in a college that requires sub fusc in formal dinners, 2) attending Oxford in 2020 so I'm not allowed to eat in other colleges, 3) on a PGCE course so there is no graduation, 4) on a course with no exams (see point 3), and 5) attending in 2020 so matriculation is online (see point 2). Therefore, I do not need to shell out 30 quid for an academic gown I will never wear and which will clog up my wardrobe when I've graduated. QED. I think the person it shocked the most was my mother, who raised many of the hypothetical objections I presented above. I was surprised at her strong feelings on the subject but, on reflection, I suppose she must always have dreamed of dreaming spires. The sister, daughter, niece, cousin, granddaughter and great-granddaughter of Oxbridge graduates, she must have been miffed not be accepted when it was her turn to apply. "Never mind," she must have thought to herself; "I shall live the Oxbridge experience vicariously through my children." Sorry Mum. I'll be sure to indulge in all the other quaint traditions and let you know about them - just not this one.
Supplementary material from Roots of Domestication: Unveiling the Dynamics of Domestication through Trait-Based Analysis of Olive Trees in Northern Morocco
Creators: name: Kassout, Jalal
name: Terral, Jean-Frederic
name: Boselli, Vladimiro Andrea
name: Souali, Houda
name: Ater, Mohammed
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2025
Subjects: classificationCode: 310399
subject: Ecology not elsewhere classified

description: Supplementary material for: Roots of Domestication: Unveiling the Dynamics of Domestication through Trait-Based Analysis of Olive Trees in Northern Morocco
Cofermion Theory for Pseudogap Phenomena and Superconducting Mechanism of Underdoped Cuprate Superconductors
Creators: name: Yamaji, Youhei
name: Imada, Masatoshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study pseudogap phenomena and Fermi-arc formation experimentally observed in typical two dimensional doped Mott insulators, namely, underdoped cuprate superconductors. To develop a physically unequivocal theory, we start from the slave-boson mean-field theory for the Hubbard model on a square lattice. Our crucial step is to further take into account the charge dynamics and fluctuations. The extra charge fluctuations seriously modify low-energy single-particle spectra of doped Mott insulators near the Fermi level: An electron added around an empty site (or a hole added around a doubly occupied site) constitutes composite fermion (cofermion), called holo-electron (or doublo-hole) at low energy in distinction from the normal quasiparticles. These unexplored composite fermions substantiate the extra charge fluctuation. We show that the quasiparticles hybridize with the holo-electrons and doublo-holes. The resultant hybridization gap is identified as the pseudogap observed in the underdoped region of the high-T_c cuprates. Because the Fermi level crosses the top (bottom) of the low-energy band formed just below (above) the hybridization gap in the hole-doped (electron-doped) case, it causes a Fermi-surface reconstruction, namely, a topological change in the Fermi surface forced by the penetration of zeros of the quasiparticle Green function. This reconstruction signals the emergence of a non-Fermi-liquid phase. The pseudogap, and the resultant formation of pocket or arc of the Fermi surface reproduce the experimental results for the cuprate superconductors in the underdoped region. The pairing channel opens not only between two quasiparticles but also between a quasiparticle and a cofermion. This pairing solves the puzzle of the dichotomy between the d-wave superconductivity and the precursors of the the insulating gap in the antinodal region.
description: 27 pages, 14 figures
Finite complete rewriting systems for regular semigroups
Creators: name: Gray, Robert
name: Malheiro, António
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 68Q42, 20M05

description: It is proved that, given a (von Neumann) regular semigroup with finitely many left and right ideals, if every maximal subgroup is presentable by a finite complete rewriting system, then so is the semigroup. To achieve this, the following two results are proved: the property of being defined by a finite complete rewriting system is preserved when taking an ideal extension by a semigroup defined by a finite complete rewriting system; a completely 0-simple semigroup with finitely many left and right ideals admits a presentation by a finite complete rewriting system provided all of its maximal subgroups do.
description: 11 pages
Short loop decompositions of surfaces and the geometry of Jacobians
Creators: name: Balacheff, Florent
name: Parlier, Hugo
name: Sabourau, Stéphane
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Given a Riemannian surface, we consider a naturally embedded graph which captures part of the topology and geometry of the surface. By studying this graph, we obtain results in three different directions. First, we find bounds on the lengths of homologically independent curves on closed Riemannian surfaces. As a consequence, we show that for any $λ\in (0,1)$ there exists a constant $C_λ$ such that every closed Riemannian surface of genus $g$ whose area is normalized at $4π(g-1)$ has at least $[λg]$ homologically independent loops of length at most $C_λ\log(g)$. This result extends Gromov's asymptotic $\log(g)$ bound on the homological systole of genus $g$ surfaces. We construct hyperbolic surfaces showing that our general result is sharp. We also extend the upper bound obtained by P. Buser and P. Sarnak on the minimal norm of nonzero period lattice vectors of Riemann surfaces %systole of Jacobians of Riemann surfaces in their geometric approach of the Schottky problem to almost $g$ homologically independent vectors. Then, we consider the lengths of pants decompositions on complete Riemannian surfaces in connexion with Bers' constant and its generalizations. In particular, we show that a complete noncompact Riemannian surface of genus $g$ with $n$ ends and area normalized to $4π(g+\frac{n}{2}-1)$ admits a pants decomposition whose total length (sum of the lengths) does not exceed $C_g \, n \log (n+1)$ for some constant $C_g$ depending only on the genus. Finally, we obtain a lower bound on the systolic area of finitely presentable nontrivial groups with no free factor isomorphic to $\Z$ in terms of its first Betti number. The asymptotic behavior of this lower bound is optimal.
description: 31 pages, 5 figures
Long wavelength magnetic and magnetoelectric excitations in the ferroelectric antiferromagnet BiFeO3
Creators: name: Talbayev, D.
name: Trugman, S. A.
name: Lee, Seongsu
name: Yi, Hee Taek
name: Cheong, S. -W.
name: Taylor, A. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a terahertz spectroscopic study of magnetic excitations in ferroelectric antiferromagnet BiFeO3. We interpret the observed spectrum of long-wavelength magnetic resonance modes in terms of the normal modes of the material's cycloidal antiferromagnetic structure. We find that the modulated Dzyaloshinski-Moriya interaction leads to a splitting of the out-of-plane resonance modes. We also assign one of the observed absorption lines to an electromagnon excitation that results from the magnetoelectric coupling between the ferroelectric polarization and the cycloidal magnetic structure of BiFeO3.
Mitochondrial Function as a Tool for Assessing Function, Quality and Adulteration in Medicinal Herbal Teas
Creators: name: Woodley, Steven
Publisher: name: University of Westminster
Year: 2024

description: Introduction

A review of current and historical herbal quality assessment methods revealed adulteration with low potency herbal material to be challenging. Mitochondrial functional analysis presents a novel opportunity to address this deficiency. Liquorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra L., Fabaceae) was selected as an initial herb to profile due to its ubiquity in herbal medicine and commercial teas.

Methods

MCF-7 and MCF-10A cells were seeded and treated for 24 hours with an original liquorice tea extract (OLTE; Three Licorice Tea; Pukka, UK) and subjected to mitochondrial functional assays. Use of pre-extracted material was selected as a method of functional adulteration and the effects of a pre-extracted liquorice tea extract (XLTE) was then compared to OLTE assays with significant results. HPTLC was used for comparison to existing industry methods.

Results

2000 μg / mL OLTE induced a 14.88% (p < 0.05) rise in reactive oxygen species (ROS) in MCF7 cells after 3 hours followed by a 14.73% (p < 0.05) drop at 72 hours. Oxygen consumption (OCR) rate dropped 72.6% (p < 0.01) and 85.16% (p < 0.01) in MCF10A cells treated with 500 and 2000 μg / mL OLTE respectively. The effects of mitochondrial modulating drugs were reduced in MCF7 cells pre-treated with 2000 μg / mL OLTE (oligomycin: 29.94%, p < 0.01; FCCP: 43.2%, p < 0.01; antimycin A & rotenone: 32.09%, p < 0.01). Further investigation revealed improved survival in 2000 μg / mL OLTE pre-treated MCF10A cells given cisplatin (50 μM: 11.79%, p < 0.05; 100 μM: 8.186%, p < 0.001), but had no effect on MCF7 cells. XLTE also demonstrated a 18.7% (p < 0.0001) drop in ROS in MCF7 cells treated with 2000 μg / mL at 72 hours but no effect at 3 hours. XLTE also decreased basal OCR in MCF10A cells at all doses (10 μg / mL: 21.12%, p < 0.05; 500 μg / mL: 53.52%, p < 0.0001; 2000 μg / mL: 56.41%, p < 0.0001), but no effect on drug resistance. HPTLC comparison revealed that differentiating OLTE from XLTE at identical strength was challenging.

Discussion

Possible mechanisms are discussed, proposing electron capture for the reduction in ROS and OCR without other modulations being observed, and efflux transporter expression explaining drug resistance. Drug resistance was the most consistent quality marker and is related to clinical use. Implications, further tests and generation of a mitochondrial functional testing pipeline are presented.
Finite bias Cooper pair splitting
Creators: name: Hofstetter, L.
name: Csonka, S.
name: Baumgartner, A.
name: Fülöp
name: d'Hollosy, S.
name: Nygård, J.
name: Schönenberger, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In a device with a superconductor coupled to two parallel quantum dots (QDs) the electrical tunability of the QD levels can be used to exploit non-classical current correlations due to the splitting of Cooper pairs. We experimentally investigate the effect of a finite potential difference across one quantum dot on the conductance through the other completely grounded QD in a Cooper pair splitter fabricated on an InAs nanowire. We demonstrate that the electrical transport through the device can be tuned by electrical means to be dominated either by Cooper pair splitting (CPS), or by elastic co-tunneling (EC). The basic experimental findings can be understood by considering the energy dependent density of states in a QD. The reported experiments add bias-dependent spectroscopy to the investigative tools necessary to develop CPS-based sources of entangled electrons in solid-state devices.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures
Supplementary Material from Resolving the kinetics of an ensemble of muscle myosin motors via a temperature-dependent fitting procedure
Creators: name: Buonfiglio, Valentina
name: Zagli, Niccolò
name: Pertici, Irene
name: Lombardi, Vincenzo
name: Bianco, Pasquale
name: Fanelli, Duccio
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2025
Subjects: classificationCode: 310908
subject: Animal physiology - biophysics
classificationCode: 320802
subject: Human biophysics

description: The Supplementary Material contains relevant accessory information on the system under investigation in the main text and the details on the mathematical techniques used in the paper.
Integration of Design Patterns and Mobile Applications in a Management System for Monitoring Maintenance Cathode Plates of Mining Company Quebrada Blanca SA
Creators: name: Carlos, Oscar Sandoval
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This document presents the integration of design patterns and mobile applications, in the development of software management of plates (SIGEP) that allows to support in the solutions to problematics that they appear in the process of maintaining of plates copper cathodes of a Mining Company, in our case for Quebrada Blanca S.A. (CMQB S.A.). These problematics mainly are related to the little control over the tasks carried out in the maintaining to the cathodic plates, and the lack of information that leads to this practice, originates a deficient management and it does not allow to make opportune decisions referring to these elements, and therefore it does to project and to administer the life utility of the plates of cathodes, generating lifted costs associated to this process. As the process of maintaining a cathode plates constantly changing process, with respect to maintenance strategies in the system design SIGEP recognizing the flexibility and reuse in the design of system components, this achieved through design patterns used. The SIGEP implementation of the system and the incorporation of a mobile application, meant for CMQB S.A. increase control of the tasks carried out plates cathodes, allowing the company to detailed information on the maintenance of these elements, allowing among other things, identify cathode plates which are more expensive, and therefore knowing what must be replaced.
description: 10 Pages, 17 Figures; CISAISI 2009, CITIC 2010, JIISIC 2010
32523: Wytham Woods
Creators: name: Project, Lockdown2020 and Beyond
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 479999
subject: Other language, communication and culture not elsewhere classified

description: Studying in a tiny claustrophobic bedroom since March has been challenging. Regularly driving to Wytham Woods and exploring the vast grounds with my husband has had a very positive effect on my mental well-being. In the summer the sounds of the wind in the trees reminded me of where I grew up, Austria.

How did I cope with having to shield (health), considerable health issues and the death of my mother? A daily study pattern/rhythm; being fully involved in college life as an MCR rep; making new friends and maintaining friendships; setting new goals (applying for a DPhil), just keeping going and being kind to myself. This is a year like no other and it will pass. I have learned that I can cope with whatever life throws at me, and that people are there for me when I need them: I just have to ask.
Vertical stratification of iron in atmospheres of blue horizontal-branch stars
Creators: name: Khalack, V.
name: LeBlanc, F.
name: Behr, B. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The aim of this study is to search for observational evidence of vertical iron stratification in the atmosphere of fourteen blue horizontal-branch (BHB) stars. We have found from our numerical simulations that five BHB stars: B22, B186 in the globular cluster NGC 288, WF2-820, WF2-2692 in M13 and B203 in M15 show clear signatures of the vertical stratification of iron whose abundance increases toward the lower atmosphere. Two other BHB stars (B334 in M15 and B176 in M92) also show possible iron stratification in their atmosphere. A dependence of the slope of iron stratification on the effective temperature was also discovered. It is found that the vertical stratification of iron is strongest in BHB stars with Teff around 11,500K. The slope of iron abundance decreases as Teff increases and becomes negligible for the BHB stars with Teff= 14,000K. These results support the hypothesis regarding the efficiency of atomic diffusion in the stellar atmospheres of BHB stars with Teff > 11,500K.
description: 6 pages, 2 figures, 3 tables
Eulerian digraphs and toric Calabi-Yau varieties
Creators: name: de Medeiros, Paul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the structure of a simple class of affine toric Calabi-Yau varieties that are defined from quiver representations based on finite eulerian directed graphs (digraphs). The vanishing first Chern class of these varieties just follows from the characterisation of eulerian digraphs as being connected with all vertices balanced. Some structure theory is used to show how any eulerian digraph can be generated by iterating combinations of just a few canonical graph-theoretic moves. We describe the effect of each of these moves on the lattice polytopes which encode the toric Calabi-Yau varieties and illustrate the construction in several examples. We comment on physical applications of the construction in the context of moduli spaces for superconformal gauged linear sigma models.
description: 27 pages, 8 figures
32530: Getting close to the nature
Creators: name: Project, Lockdown2020 and Beyond
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 479999
subject: Other language, communication and culture not elsewhere classified

description: When I was looking for a new place to live during my final year MPhil, I put the location as one of the priorities. It has to be convenient for me to drop by the faculty from home. It turns out that I have never been to the faculty even once after March. But it was still a lovely place to work and study in, given it is very close to Port Meadow as well. Walking to the meadow and searching for horses has been a daily activity for my girlfriend and me. Finally, we found them one day! Getting closer to the nature is a compensation of getting away from people during this hard time.
Riesz Transform on Locally Symmetric Spaces and Riemannian Manifolds with a Spectral Gap
Creators: name: Ji, Lizhen
name: Kunstmann, Peer
name: Weber, Andreas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Spectral Theory (math.SP)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper we study the Riesz transform on complete and connected Riemannian manifolds $M$ with a certain spectral gap in the $L^2$ spectrum of the Laplacian. We show that on such manifolds the Riesz transform is $L^p$ bounded for all $p \in (1,\infty)$. This generalizes a result by Mandouvalos and Marias and extends a result by Auscher, Coulhon, Duong, and Hofmann to the case where zero is an isolated point of the $L^2$ spectrum of the Laplacian.
description: 8 pp
Monitoring explosive performances in relation to training load accumulation in adolescent female soccer players
Creators: name: Poehling, Robert Andrew
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2018

description: Athlete monitoring provides valuable insight into the balance of an athlete’s stress and adaptation from training. Many methods exist to quantify athletes’ allostatic state, with a physical performance measure a primary link to sport performance. However, little research has focused on a critical aspect of field sport performance, sprinting. Therefore, the purpose of this thesis was to investigate the utility of sprint monitoring using in-depth kinematic analysis. Training load was measured daily, as the product of session duration and rating of perceived exertion, in 32 adolescent female soccer players, comprising a U-15 and U-18 team. Measures of 7-day and 28-day cumulative training loads and 7-day to 28-day exponentially weighted moving average (EWMA) and rolling average (RA) acute to chronic workload ratios (ACWR) were calculated. Players performed a countermovement jump (CMJ) on a contact mat and a 30 m sprint bi-weekly, and completed a daily wellness questionnaire to assess training load response over 14 weeks. From the 30 m sprint, 10 and 30 m times were measured using timing gates, and maximal acceleration, maximal velocity, and time to maximal velocity were measured using a radar gun. Linear mixed models were used to assess the influence of training load on CMJ, 30 m sprint performance variables, and athlete wellness. Cumulative training load over 7 days had a likely small positive effect on 30 m sprint time (d = 0.14; 90% CL: -0.01 to 0.28), while 28-day cumulative training load had a likely small positive effect on 30 m sprint time (d = 0.14; 0.00 to 0.28), a very likely small negative effect on maximal sprint velocity (d = -0.19; -0.03 to -0.35), and a likely moderate negative effect on athlete wellness (d = -0.35; -0.02 to -0.68). EWMA and RA ACWRs had possibly small (d = 0.18; -0.14 to 0.49) and likely moderate (d = 0.33; 0.00 to 0.66) positive effects on wellness. All other relationships were unclear. Monitoring sprint performance should be considered to evaluate response to training loads, with sprint time indicative of acute and chronic loads, while maximal sprint velocity and athlete wellness were more suggestive of chronic loads.
Politikas veidošana un vērtības
Creators: name: Inese, Šūpule
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: sociology
socioloģija
vērtības
values
Latvija
Latvia
politikas rekomendācijas
policy brief

description: Īsumā: Daudzi mūsdienu izaicinājumi, piemēram, Covid-19 pandēmijas pārvarēšana, migrācija, klimata pārmaiņas, prasa politisko rīcību, kurai nepieciešama plaša sabiedrības leģitimitāte. Ja vērtības, kas ir pamatā politikas veidošanas procesam, nesakrīt ar vērtībām un attieksmēm, kas izplatītas lielā daļā sabiedrības, veidojas situācijas, kad pieņemtie lēmumi netiek īstenoti vai arī cilvēki savu neapmierinātību pauž protestu formā. Jautājumos, kur sabiedrība ir izteikti polarizēta, un lēmumi ir saistīti ar izvēli par labu vienai vai otrai pozīcijai vai risinājumam, jāņem vērā, ka politikas veidotājiem ir gandrīz neiespējami balstīt lēmumus uz visu iedzīvotāju pretrunīgajām attieksmēm un vērtībām. Demokrātiskās sabiedrībās galvenais risinājums šim izaicinājumam ir caurspīdīguma un atklātības ievērošana lēmuma pieņemšanas procesā. Skaidrojot pieņemtos lēmumus, jāņem vērā dažādās vērtību un attieksmju dimensijas, kas raksturīgas konkrētajai sabiedrībai, arī fakti un politiskie lēmumi nav vērtību neitrāli. Politikas veidotājiem un plašsaziņas līdzekļiem ir uzmanīgi jāizturas pret dažādu identitāšu grupu pretnostatīšanu, jo tas pastiprina konfliktus un apgrūtina lēmumu pieņemšanu. Politikas veidošanas procesā viens no veidiem, kā izvairīties no konflikta un konfrontācijas starp divām grupām, ir atrast kādu citu, vienojošu identitāti vai vienojošās vērtības, kas ir politikas vēstījuma pamatā. Latvijā kopumā viena no sabiedrību vienojošajām vērtībām ir ģimene un attiecības ģimenē kā vērtība.
SPORT MUSOBAQALARIGA SPORTCHILARNI TAYYORLASH TIZIMI
Creators: name: Raxmatov, Avazbek
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: Sport musobaqalariga sportchilarni tayyorlash tizimi yuqori natijalarga erishish uchun ilmiy va amaliy yondashuvlarni o‘z ichiga oladi. Tayyorgarlik jarayoni jismoniy, texnik, taktik va psixologik jihatlarni o‘z ichiga olib, individual va jamoaviy mashg‘ulotlarni o‘z ichiga oladi. Sportchilarni musobaqalarga tayyorlashda yuklamalarni to‘g‘ri taqsimlash va rejalashtirish muhim ahamiyatga ega.
Changepoint Problem in Quantumn Setting
Creators: name: Akimoto, Daiki
name: Hayashi, Masahito
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the changepoint problem, we determine when the distribution observed has changed to another one. We expand this problem to the quantum case where copies of an unknown pure state are being distributed. We study the fundamental case, which has only two candidates to choose. This problem is equal to identifying a given state with one of the two unknown states when multiple copies of the states are provided. In this paper, we assume that two candidate states are distributed independently and uniformly in the space of the whole pure states. The minimum of the averaged error probability is given and the optimal POVM is defined as to obtain it. Using this POVM, we also compute the error probability which depends on the inner product. These analytical results allow us to calculate the value in the asymptotic case, where this problem approaches to the usual discrimination problem.