cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
TRANSPORTING THE EXPORT-BOUND GRAIN BY RAIL: A STUDY OF MARKET INTEGRATION
Creators: name: Miljkovic, Dragan
name: Miljkovic, Dragan
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: grain transportation
subject: market integration
subject: railroad industry

description: This study addresses the issues of market integration in railroad industry analyzing the export-bound grain transportation. A spatial analysis involving four origin states (Illinois, Iowa, Minnesota and Nebraska) and two destinations (Mexican Gulf and Pacific Northwest) is conducted in order to determine if pricing practices by the same or different railroads in different regions are consistent. A system of structural equations is estimated and dynamic regression tests are conducted because of the dynamic nature of interregional trade and arbitrage activities. The results indicate that grain transportation market by rail is not perfectly integrated. This is primarily due to numerous mergers and combining of railroads that took place during the last twenty years.
Relationship between attention and social functioning in individuals with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder
Creators: name: Ott, Fred Julius
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: There is growing evidence suggesting a relationship between cognition and social functioning in individuals with schizophrenia. Researchers have theorized that cognitive deficits may impair the ability of an individual with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder to recognize interpersonal cues and to process other information necessary for effective social functioning. Impairments of social functioning can affect any of the individual's occupational performance areas: self-care, productivity, or leisure. Individuals with schizophrenia experience significant information-processing deficits in a wide range of cognitive processes including attention, memory, reasoning ability and language. Yet, there is relatively little consensus as to which cognitive processes may be related to social functioning. The purpose of the study was to investigate the relationship between attention and social functioning in a sample of 35 individuals with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder. This study employed a cross-sectional design. Attention was defined as the rate of information processing and was evaluated by the Paced Auditory Serial-Addition Task (PASAT). The PAS AT measured the rate of information processing by determining the time required per correct response. Social functioning was evaluated with the Social Dysfunction Index (SDI). The SDI is a 27-item semi-structured interview, developed and validated on individuals with schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder. The SDI provided an overall social dysfunction score, a satisfaction score, and a score for each of the nine components of dysfunction assessed. A Pearson correlation analysis found a small but statistically insignificant relationship between the SDI overall percent scores and the PASAT mean time/response scores (r = 0.086, p = 0.624). A Welch's approximate t-test determined that the PASAT mean time/response scores of the present study's subjects were significantly lower than those of Gronwall's normal control subjects (t (34) = 3.59, p < 0.05). Therefore, the PASAT may be an effective tool for assessing attention impairments in individuals with schizophrenia. The findings of this study have indicated that the manner in which attention and social functioning are defined and measured needs to be considered when examining these complex concepts. The study supports the need for further investigation in this area. Relationships between specific cognitive deficits and impairments in activities of daily living must be made before remediation of cognitive deficits is attempted.
Off-policy Bandits with Deficient Support
Creators: name: Sachdeva, Noveen
name: Su, Yi
name: Joachims, Thorsten
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Learning effective contextual-bandit policies from past actions of a deployed system is highly desirable in many settings (e.g. voice assistants, recommendation, search), since it enables the reuse of large amounts of log data. State-of-the-art methods for such off-policy learning, however, are based on inverse propensity score (IPS) weighting. A key theoretical requirement of IPS weighting is that the policy that logged the data has "full support", which typically translates into requiring non-zero probability for any action in any context. Unfortunately, many real-world systems produce support deficient data, especially when the action space is large, and we show how existing methods can fail catastrophically. To overcome this gap between theory and applications, we identify three approaches that provide various guarantees for IPS-based learning despite the inherent limitations of support-deficient data: restricting the action space, reward extrapolation, and restricting the policy space. We systematically analyze the statistical and computational properties of these three approaches, and we empirically evaluate their effectiveness. In addition to providing the first systematic analysis of support-deficiency in contextual-bandit learning, we conclude with recommendations that provide practical guidance.
description: 11 pages, 6 figures. Accepted for publication at KDD '20 (Research track)
A First Comparison Between LIGO and Virgo Inspiral Search Pipelines
Creators: name: Blackburn, L.
name: Beauville, F.
name: Bizouard, M. -A.
name: Bosi, L.
name: Brady, P.
name: Brocco, L.
name: Brown, D.
name: Buskulic, D.
name: Chatterji, S.
name: Christensen, N.
name: Clapson, A. -C.
name: Fairhurst, S.
name: Grosjean, D.
name: Guidi, G.
name: Hello, P.
name: Katsavounidis, E.
name: Knight, M.
name: Lazzarini, A.
name: Marion, F.
name: Mours, B.
name: Ricci, F.
name: Vicere', A.
name: Zanolin, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This article reports on a project that is the first step the LIGO Scientific Collaboration and the Virgo Collaboration have taken to prepare for the mutual search for inspiral signals. The project involved comparing the analysis pipelines of the two collaborations on data sets prepared by both sides, containing simulated noise and injected events. The ability of the pipelines to detect the injected events was checked, and a first comparison of how the parameters of the events were recovered has been completed.
description: GWDAW-9 proceedings
title: Agil++: Ein systematischer Ansatz für das Tailoring hybrider IT-Projektmethoden
Creators: name: Greb, Thomas
Publisher: name: Gesellschaft für Informatik e.V.
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Agil
subject: Projektmanagement
subject: Software Engineering
subject: Tailoring
subject: Hybride IT-Projektmethode

description: Die Verbreitung agiler Ansätze nimmt stetig zu. Aktuelle Daten zeigen jedoch, dass die Zufriedenheit mit agilen Ansätzen tendenziell zurückgeht, während gleichzeitig der Nutzungsanteil hybrider Methoden deutlich wächst. Hybride IT-Projektmethoden entstehen in der Praxis meist nach dem „trial-and-error“-Prinzip. Dieser Beitrag stellt einen systematischen Ansatz für das Tailoring hybrider IT-Projektmethoden vor. Ausgangsbasis bilden dabei erprobte agile Ansätze, die situativ um etablierte Projektmanagement- und Software-Engineering-Methoden erweitert werden.
BAFFLES: Bayesian Ages for Field Lower-Mass Stars
Creators: name: Stanford-Moore, S Adam
name: Nielsen, Eric L.
name: De Rosa, Robert J.
name: Macintosh, Bruce
name: Czekala, Ian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Age is a fundamental parameter of stars, yet in many cases ages of individual stars are presented without robust estimates of the uncertainty. We have developed a Bayesian framework, BAFFLES, to produce the age posterior for a star from its calcium emission strength (log($R'_{HK}$)) or lithium abundance (Li EW) and $B-V$ color. We empirically determine the likelihood functions for calcium and lithium as functions of age from literature measurements of stars in benchmark clusters with well-determined ages. We use a uniform prior on age which reflects a uniform star formation rate. The age posteriors we derive for several test cases are consistent with literature ages found from other methods. BAFFLES represents a robust method to determine the age posterior probability distribution for any field star with $0.45 \leq B-V \leq 0.9$ and a measurement of $R'_{HK}$ and/or $0.35 \leq B-V \leq 1.9$ and measured Li EW. We compile colors, $R'_{HK}$, and Li EW from over 2630 nearby field stars from the literature and present the derived BAFFLES age posterior for each star.
description: Accepted to ApJ, 80 pages, 14 figures, 3 tables
MAhé, J.-O.; Rouhana, P.; Zekiyan, B. L. (Hrsg.): Saint Grégoire de Narek et la Liturgie de L'Église
Creators: name: Winkler, Gabriele
Publisher: name: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients
Year: 2024

description: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients, Bd. 95 (2011): Oriens christianus, Band 95
title: Standardisierung von Datenformaten als Voraussetzung für die Durchsetzung von Innovationen im Bereich Mobility as a Service
Creators: name: Helferich, Andreas
name: Habiger, Claus
name: Recknagel, Carsten
Publisher: name: Gesellschaft für Informatik e.V.
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mobility as a Service
subject: Softwareökosysteme
subject: Standardisierung
subject: Innovationsdiffusion

description: Mobility as a Service gilt als eines der wichtigsten Konzepte im Bereich der Mobilität für die nächsten Jahre, erfordert aber eine Kooperation von Akteuren aus unterschiedlichen Bereichen des Mobilitätssektors, die organisatorisch wie technisch nicht unbedingt auf diese Kooperatio-nen vorbereitet sind. IT-technisch ist ein Austausch von Daten notwendig, der rein technisch über XML und die Internetprotokolle gut abgebildet werden kann, auf syntaktischer und se-mantischer Ebene ist eine Standardisierung allerdings noch notwendig. Im BMVI-geförderten Projekt HUSST4MaaS soll hierfür ein wichtiger Schritt umgesetzt werden. Das zugrundeliegen-de Problem ist auf alle Bereiche übertragbar, in denen Akteure bislang getrennter Branchen kooperieren sollen und ein effizienter und effektiver Austausch von Daten notwendig ist. Im Beitrag werden sowohl der Standard als solcher als auch die Governance sowie Maßnahmen zur Diffusion dieser Innovation vorgestellt.
Synaptic Plasticity with Discrete state synapses
Creators: name: Abarbanel, H. D.
name: Talathi, S. S.
name: Gibb, L.
name: Rabinovich, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Experimental observations on synaptic plasticity at individual glutamatergic synapses from the CA3 Shaffer collateral pathway onto CA1 pyramidal cells in the hippocampus suggest that the transitions in synaptic strength occur among discrete levels at individual synapses (~\cite{Peter} and S. S.-H. Wang, unpublished data used with the authors' permission). This happens for both long term potentiation (LTP) and long term depression (LTD) induction protocols. O'Connor, Wittenberg, and Wang have argued that three states would account for their observations on individual synapses in the CA3-CA1 pathway. We develop a quantitative model of this three state system with transitions among the states determined by a competition between kinases and phosphatases shown by O'Connor et al. to be determinant of LTP and LTD, respectively. Specific predictions for various plasticity protocols are given by coupling this description of discrete synaptic AMPA conductance changes to a model of postsynaptic membrane potential and associated intracellular calcium fluxes to yield the transition rates among the states. We then present various LTP and LTD induction protocols to the model system and report the resulting whole cell changes in AMPA conductance. We also examine the effect of our discrete state synaptic plasticity model on the synchronization of realistic oscillating neurons. We show that one-to-one synchronization is enhanced by the plasticity we discuss here and the presynaptic and postsynaptic oscillations are in phase. Synaptic strength saturates naturally in this model and does not require artificial upper or lower cutoffs, in contrast to earlier models of plasticity.
description: 19 pages, 11 figures
ECONOMICS OF AGRICULTURAL SOIL CARBON SEQUESTRATION IN THE NORTHERN PLAINS
Creators: name: Antle, John M.
name: Capalbo, Susan Marie
name: Mooney, Sian
name: Elliott, Edward T.
name: Paustian, Keith H.
name: Antle, John M.
name: Capalbo, Susan Marie
name: Mooney, Sian
name: Elliott, Edward T.
name: Paustian, Keith H.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: policy design
subject: economic efficiency
subject: soil carbon
subject: sequestration
subject: valuing soil carbon
subject: Great Plains agriculture

description: Under the Kyoto protocol of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change the United States is charged with reducing emissions of greenhouse gases to seven percent below their 1990 levels by the period 2008-2012. These reductions could be met from many industries including agriculture. In this paper, an economic simulation model is linked to an ecosystem model to quantify the economic efficiency of policies that might be used to sequester carbon (C) in agricultural soils in the Northern Plains region. Simulations with the Century ecosystem model show that long-term soil C levels associated with a crop/fallow system are less than those for grass alone, but that soil C levels for grass-clover-pasture are greater than for continuously cropped grains. The analysis shows that a CRP-style policy is found to be an inefficient means to increase soil C because the per acre payments to convert crop-land to grass-only draw land from both the crop/fallow system and the continuous cropping system, and costs typically exceed $100 per MT (metric ton) of C. In contrast, payments to adopt continuous cropping were found to produce increases in soil C for between $5 to $70 depending on area and degree of targeting of the payments. The most efficient, lowest cost policy is achieved when payments are targeted to land that was previously in a crop/fallow rotation. In this range, soil C sequestration appears to be competitive with C sequestered from other sources.
title: User Experience – Software ist mehr als nur Werkzeug
Creators: name: Burmester, Michael
Publisher: name: Gesellschaft für Informatik e.V.
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: User Experience
subject: positive Erlebnisse
subject: Wohlbefinden
subject: Interface Design

description: User Experience ist ein schillernder Begriff, bei dem die Gestaltung von Software noch immer falsch oder zu reduziert verstanden und umgesetzt wird. Es geht nicht nur um die Schaffung einfach zu nutzender Software, sondern darum das Erlebnis der Nutzung möglichst positiv zu gestalten und damit neue Innovationspotenziale zu schaffen.
EVALUATING TELEMEDICINE IN RURAL SETTINGS: ISSUES AND APPLICATIONS
Creators: name: Capalbo, Susan Marie
name: Heggem, Christine N.
name: Capalbo, Susan Marie
name: Heggem, Christine N.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: Health Economics and Policy
subject: rural health care
subject: telemedicine
subject: averted costs
subject: economic benefits
subject: telecommunications technology
subject: R0

description: Changes in health care policies, demographics, and technology have presented new opportunities for the delivery of medical care services and information to rural communities. Telemedicine-the use of electronic information and communications technologies to provide and support health care when distances separates the participants-is one technology that has impacted the efficiency of delivery of rural health care services. This paper presents an overview of the telemedicine technologies, government involvement in support of telemedicine, evaluation efforts to date for these technologies, and issues that need to be addressed in designing an economic-based framework to evaluate the net benefits of telemedicine technologies to rural communities and consumers. An evaluation framework needs to be capable of quantifying the tradeoffs among access to health care services, the costs of delivery of a given level of services, and changes in the quality of the service that is being delivered via electronic communications; and how these tradeoffs shift as the level of telemedicine and the technology changes. The framework that is proposed is based on models of consumer behavior that incorporate discrete choices among quality differentiated sites.
Explanation of the Gibbs paradox within the framework of quantum thermodynamics
Creators: name: Allahverdyan, A. E.
name: Nieuwenhuizen, Th. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The issue of the Gibbs paradox is that when considering mixing of two gases within classical thermodynamics, the entropy of mixing appears to be a discontinuous function of the difference between the gases: it is finite for whatever small difference, but vanishes for identical gases. The resolution offered in the literature, with help of quantum mixing entropy, was later shown to be unsatisfactory precisely where it sought to resolve the paradox. Macroscopic thermodynamics, classical or quantum, is unsuitable for explaining the paradox, since it does not deal explicitly with the difference between the gases. The proper approach employs quantum thermodynamics, which deals with finite quantum systems coupled to a large bath and a macroscopic work source. Within quantum thermodynamics, entropy generally looses its dominant place and the target of the paradox is naturally shifted to the decrease of the maximally available work before and after mixing (mixing ergotropy). In contrast to entropy this is an unambiguous quantity. For almost identical gases the mixing ergotropy continuously goes to zero, thus resolving the paradox. In this approach the concept of ``difference between the gases'' gets a clear operational meaning related to the possibilities of controlling the involved quantum states. Difficulties which prevent resolutions of the paradox in its entropic formulation do not arise here. The mixing ergotropy has several counter-intuitive features. It can increase when less precise operations are allowed. In the quantum situation (in contrast to the classical one) the mixing ergotropy can also increase when decreasing the degree of mixing between the gases, or when decreasing their distinguishability. These points go against a direct association of physical irreversibility with lack of information.
description: Published version. New title. 17 pages Revtex
Additional file 1 of A monocentric, open-label randomized standard-of-care controlled study of XONRID®, a medical device for the prevention and treatment of radiation-induced dermatitis in breast and head and neck cancer patients
Creators: name: Ingargiola, Rossana
name: Santis, Maria Carmen De
name: Iacovelli, Nicola Alessandro
name: Facchinetti, Nadia
name: Cavallo, Anna
name: Ivaldi, Eliana
name: Dispinzieri, Michela
name: Franceschini, Marzia
name: Giandini, Carlotta
name: Romanello, Domenico Attilio
name: Biaso, Simona Di
name: Sabetti, Michela
name: Locati, Laura
name: Alfieri, Salvatore
name: Bossi, Paolo
name: Guglielmo, Mauro
name: Macchi, Fabio
name: Lozza, Laura
name: Valdagni, Riccardo
name: Fallai, Carlo
name: Pignoli, Emanuele
name: Orlandi, Ester
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1. Skindex-16 in BC patients.
title: Local economic inequality in the UK: patterns, determinants, and behavioural consequences
Creators: name: Suss, Joel H.
Publisher: name: London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE)
Year: 2021

description: I develop a novel, geographically granular measure of economic inequality in the UK based on data covering tens of millions of residential properties. The size of this data allows me to describe and understand the consequences of local inequality in the UK for the first time. The first paper in my thesis explores patterns of local economic inequality, both contemporary levels and changes over the last couple decades. The paper also examines whether salient features of the local environment affect people’s perceptions of economic inequality. Across two surveys, I find that discrepancies in housing quality are indeed a salient aspect affecting people’s perceptions. I then examine the determinants of inequality at different spatial resolutions, from the city down to the neighbourhood level. I find that local composition of skills, housing tenure, and amenities are all important factors. The third, fourth and fifth papers in my thesis examine the consequences of local inequality for a number of important individual and group behaviours. First, I examine whether local inequality affects pro-social spending, providing new insight into a question that has produced conflicting findings. Across two studies covering the US and UK, I find that local inequality interacts positively with income – higher income individuals are more generous in areas of higher inequality, probably because they come into contact with poorer individuals more often. Second, in a paper co-authored with Thiago Oliveira, I explore whether variation in neighbourhood-level inequality in London affects the prevalence of police stop and search behaviour. We find a positive relationship, supporting criminological theories on police behaviour and social order maintenance. Finally, combining data on economic inequality with data on local ethnic composition from the UK census, I examine whether patterns of residential diversity and segregation affects political behaviour. Using Brexit as a case study, I find strong evidence in support of contact rather than conflict theory – neighbourhood economic and social diversity reduces support for Brexit, but the opposite is true for segregation.
Resummation of perturbation series and reducibility for Bryuno skew-product flows
Creators: name: Gentile, Guido
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 34C27, 34L40, 58F27, 58F19, 81Q05

description: We consider skew-product systems on T^d x SL(2,R) for Bryuno base flows close to constant coefficients, depending on a parameter, in any dimension d, and we prove reducibility for a large measure set of values of the parameter. The proof is based on a resummation procedure of the formal power series for the conjugation, and uses techniques of renormalisation group in quantum field theory.
description: 30 pages, 12 figures
Stable High Order Quadrature Rules for Scattered Data and General Weight Functions
Creators: name: Glaubitz, Jan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 65D30, 65D32, 41A55, 42C05

description: Numerical integration is encountered in all fields of numerical analysis and the engineering sciences. By now, various efficient and accurate quadrature rules are known; for instance, Gauss-type quadrature rules. In many applications, however, it might be impractical---if not even impossible---to obtain data to fit known quadrature rules. Often, experimental measurements are performed at equidistant or even scattered points in space or time. In this work, we propose stable high order quadrature rules for experimental data, which can accurately handle general weight functions.
description: Accepted at SINUM
The origin of planetary impactors in the inner solar system
Creators: name: Strom, Robert G.
name: Malhotra, Renu
name: Ito, Takashi
name: Yoshida, Fumi
name: Kring, David A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: New insights into the history of the inner solar system are derived from the impact cratering record of the Moon, Mars, Venus and Mercury, and from the size distributions of asteroid populations. Old craters from a unique period of heavy bombardment that ended $\sim$3.8 billion years ago were made by asteroids that were dynamically ejected from the main asteroid belt, possibly due to the orbital migration of the giant planets. The impactors of the past $\sim$3.8 billion years have a size distribution quite different from the main belt asteroids, but very similar to the population of near-Earth asteroids.
description: 12 pages (including 4 figures)
Exploring the lives of elder gay men
Creators: name: Köth, Christopher A. R.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: This study explores the experience of growing older as a gay man. In an attempt to contribute to the gerontological social work literature, three gay men over the age of 65 participated in semi-structured interviews lasting from one to two hours in duration, in pursuit of an answer to the question 'How has being gay informed the lives of men 65 years of age and over’? Interviews were transcribed and analyzed using a narrative approach to analysis in order to expand upon the mostly quantitative knowledge concerning sexual minority aging. The findings of this study allow social workers, gerontologists, and gay men themselves to better understand the strengths and challenges that accompany the elder gay male experience of aging in our society. Principally was the finding that a gay sexual identity versus age itself is a more prominent feature of experience among the three elder gay men interviewed. The ideology of heterosexism and ageism intersects in the life experiences of elder gay men, as evidenced through the stories contained in this study. Further, it was found that the concept of developmental milestones is different from the perspective of elder gay men than has been acknowledged in the gerontological literature. Finally, implications for social workers who strive for a practice that can be more inclusive of gay men are provided.
Theoretical infra-red, Raman, and Optical spectra of the B36N36 cage
Creators: name: Zope, Rajendra R.
name: Baruah, Tunna
name: Pederson, Mark R.
name: Dunlap, Brett I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Atomic and Molecular Clusters (physics.atm-clus)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The B36N36 fullerene-like cage structure was proposed as candidate structure for the single-shell boron-nitride cages observed in electron-beam irradiation experiment. We have performed all electron density functional calculations, with large polarized Gaussian basis sets, on the B36N36 cage. We show that the cage is energetically and vibrationally stable. The infra-red, Raman and optical spectra are calculated. The predicted spectra, in combination with experimentally measured spectra, will be useful in conclusive assignment of the proposed B36N36 cage. The vertical and adiabatic ionization potentials as well as static dipole polarizability are also reported.
description: RevTex, 4 pages, 4 figures (TO appear in Physical Review A (Breif Report))
142. Gaia and the search for axions
Creators: name: Perryman, Michael
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Gaia's contribution to understanding the distribution of dark matter follows from studies of the stellar halo population, Galactic kinematics, and stellar streams. Studies have also begun to place specific constraints on the properties of dark matter, for example if it is comprised of axions. I provide an overview of the various approaches.
Dense coding with multipartite quantum states
Creators: name: Bruss, Dagmar
name: D'Ariano, Giacomo Mauro
name: Lewenstein, Maciej
name: Macchiavello, Chiara
name: De, Aditi Sen
name: Sen, Ujjwal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider generalisations of the dense coding protocol with an arbitrary number of senders and either one or two receivers, sharing a multiparty quantum state, and using a noiseless channel. For the case of a single receiver, the capacity of such information transfer is found exactly. It is shown that the capacity is not enhanced by allowing the senders to perform joint operations. We provide a nontrivial upper bound on the capacity in the case of two receivers. We also give a classification of the set of all multiparty states in terms of their usefulness for dense coding. We provide examples for each of these classes, and discuss some of their properties.
description: 14 pages, 1 figure, RevTeX4
Additional file 1 of Comparing supermarket loyalty card data with traditional diet survey data for understanding how protein is purchased and consumed in older adults for the UK, 2014–16
Creators: name: Green, Mark A.
name: Watson, Anthony W.
name: Brunstrom, Jeffrey M.
name: Corfe, Bernard M.
name: Johnstone, Alexandra M.
name: Williams, Elizabeth A.
name: Stevenson, Emma
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1.
Shock Absorbing Prices, a Look at Cattle and Feed
Creators: name: Arnade, Carlos Anthony
name: Arnade, Carlos Anthony
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: Demand and Price Analysis

description: This paper explores the time series properties of cattle and feed prices to determine the effect shocks may have on price evolution. Two different unit roots tests are applied to the data and compared and the issue of fractional integration is discussed. A Geweke Porter-Hudak test finds that at least of three of the four price series are fractionally integrated. VAR models are estimated using level data and fractionally differenced data and impulse responses compared across various degrees of fractional differencing.
Universal linear relations between susceptibility and Tc in cuprates
Creators: name: Kanigel, Amit
name: Keren, Amit
name: Knizhnik, Arkady
name: Shafir, Oren
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We developed an experimental method for measuring the intrinsic susceptibility χof powder of cuprate superconductors in the zero field limit using a DC-magnetometer. The method is tested with lead spheres. Using this method we determine χfor a number of cuprate families as a function of doping. A universal linear (and not proportionality) relation between Tc and χis found. We suggest possible explanations for this phenomenon.
description: Accepted for publication in PRB
On the Divergence of First Order Resonance Widths at Low Eccentricities
Creators: name: Malhotra, Renu
name: Zhang, Nan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Orbital resonances play an important role in the dynamics of planetary systems. Classical theoretical analyses found in textbooks report that libration widths of first order mean motion resonances diverge for nearly circular orbits. Here we examine the nature of this divergence with a non-perturbative analysis of a few first order resonances interior to a Jupiter-mass planet. We show that a first order resonance has two branches, the pericentric and the apocentric resonance zone. As the eccentricity approaches zero, the centers of these zones diverge away from the nominal resonance location but their widths shrink. We also report a novel finding of "bridges" between adjacent first order resonances: at low eccentricities, the apocentric libration zone of a first order resonance smoothly connects with the pericentric libration zone of the neighboring first order resonance. These bridges may facilitate resonant migration across large radial distances in planetary systems, entirely in the low eccentricity regime.
description: Accepted at MNRAS
Ullmann, Manfred: Wörterbuch zu den griechisch-arabischen Übersetzungen des 9. Jahrhunderts
Creators: name: Daiber, Hans
Publisher: name: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients
Year: 2024

description: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients, Bd. 95 (2011): Oriens christianus, Band 95
Additional file 2 of Importations of COVID-19 into African countries and risk of onward spread
Creators: name: Haoyang Sun
name: Borame L. Dickens
name: Cook, Alex R.
name: Clapham, Hannah E.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 2. Supporting information.
Plasma-assisted fabrication of biocompatible coatings on titanium implants
Creators: name: Ali, Asif
name: Egghe, Tim
name: Nilkar, Maryam
name: Nikiforov, Anton
name: Morent, Rino
name: Verbeken, Kim
name: De Geyter, Nathalie
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Titanium (Ti) and its alloys are the most commonly used materials for the production of metallic medical implants due to their promising characteristics, including bioinertness, corrosion resistance, and biocompatibility. Nevertheless, these materials exhibit inadequate osseointegration capabilities, leading to implant failure. Additionally, Ti lacks inherent antibacterial properties, and bacterial-induced inflammation is another major contributor to implant loosening. To address these challenges, we successfully deposited calcium phosphate-based coatings onto commercially pure Ti (grade 2) using the unipolar pulsed plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO) method under diverse experimental conditions i.e. frequency in the range of 20 – 200 Hz and electrolyte pretreatment time ranging from 0 – 6 minutes. Subsequently, the coatings were characterized microscopically, spectroscopically, and mechanically. Spectroscopic and microscopic analyses revealed that the deposition parameters have a significant influence on the coating morphology and degree of crystallinity. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) illustrated that coatings deposited at higher frequencies exhibited the characteristic PEO microstructure, while coatings deposited at lower frequencies manifested more pronounced electrochemical traits. X-ray diffraction (XRD) spectra confirmed that elevating the frequency and extending the electrolyte pre-treatment time yielded dense, phase-pure, and crystalline hydroxyapatite coatings. Furthermore, mechanical analysis revealed a substantial enhancement in surface hardness (approximately 31%) for the coatings deposited at a higher frequency (200 Hz) and subjected to a longer electrolyte pretreatment time (6 minutes). Consequently, plasma-assisted fabrication of bioactive coatings emerges as a promising approach for enhancing implant performance.
Four body decay of the lighter top-squark constrained by the Lighter CP-even Higgs boson mass bound
Creators: name: Das, Siba Prasad
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We reinvestigated the parameter space allowing a large BR of the 4-body decay of the lighter top-squark ($\lstop$) accessible at Tevatron Run-II by imposing the lighter CP-even Higgs boson mass ($\mlhiggs$) bound from LEP. Important constraints were obtained in mSUGRA as well as in the unconstrained supersymmetric models. Our results show that the prospect of searching the lighter top-squark via the 4-body decay mode, in particular the $\ell + n-jets + \met$ signal, is not promising in mSUGRA due to the above bound on $\mlhiggs$. The existing bounds on $\mlstop$ from Tevatron Run-I and LEP assuming 100% BR of the loop decay of $\lstop$ are, therefore, valid to a good approximation. We also find that large BRs of the above 4-body decay are allowed in the unconstrained model over significant regions of parameter spaces and the possibility that this decay mode is the main discovery channel at Tevatron Run-II is open. We have briefly reviewed the theoretical uncertainties in the calculation of $\mlhiggs$ and their consequences for the constraints obtained by us. We have commented upon, with illustrative examples, how the above parameter space is affected if future experiments push the Higgs boson mass bound upward.
description: 24 pages, 14 figures, added comments in sec.1, added 2 figures and comments in sec.2.1, conclusion and references updated
A new method optimized to use Gamma Ray Bursts as cosmic rulers
Creators: name: Firmani, C.
name: Ghisellini, G.
name: Ghirlanda, G.
name: Avila-Reese, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a new method aimed to handle long Gamma-Ray Burst (GRBs) as cosmic rulers. The recent discovery of a tight correlation between the collimation corrected GRB energy and the peak of the gamma-ray spectrum has opened the possibility to use GRBs as a new category of standard candles. Unfortunately, because of the lack of low-z GRBs, up to now this correlation is obtained from high-z GRBs with the consequence that it depends on the cosmological parameters we pretend to constrain. Hopefully this circularity problem will be solved when, in a few years, the low-z GRB sample will be increased enough. In the meanwhile we present here a new Bayesian method that eases the aforesaid circularity problem, and allows to introduce new constrains on the cosmological (Om,OL) diagram as well as to explore the universe kinematics up to z~3. The method we propose offers the further advantage to make handy the problem of the (Om,OL) loitering line singularity which inevitably appears when standard candles with z>2 are used. The combination of GRB with SN Ia data makes the popular LambdaCDM cosmology more consistent with the Hubble diagram at a 68% confidence level. For a flat cosmology we find Om=0.28\pm0.03 for the combined GRB+SN Ia data set. Correspondingly, the transition redshift between cosmic deceleration and acceleration is z_T=0.73\pm0.09, slightly larger than the value found by considering SNe Ia alone. We briefly discuss our results also in terms of non--LambdaCDM dark energy models.
description: 5 pages including 5 figures. Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Crystallographic orientation errors in mechanical exfoliation
Creators: name: Kolumbus, Y.
name: Zalic, A.
name: Fardian-Melamed, N.
name: Barkay, Z.
name: Rotem, D.
name: Porath, D.
name: Steinberg, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We evaluate the effect of mechanical exfoliation of van der Waals materials on crystallographic orientations of the resulting flakes. Flakes originating from a single crystal of graphite, whose orientation is confirmed using STM, are studied using facet orientations and electron back-scatter diffraction (EBSD). While facets exhibit a wide distribution of angles after a single round of exfoliation ($ σ\approx 5^o $), EBSD shows that the true crystallographic orientations are more narrowly distributed ($ σ\approx 1.5^o $), and facets have an approximately error from the true orientation. Furthermore, we find that the majority of graphite fractures are along armchair lines, and that the cleavage process results in an increase of the zigzag lines portion. Our results place values on the rotation caused by a single round of the exfoliation process, and suggest that when a 1-2 degree precision is necessary, the orientation of a flake can be gauged by the orientation of the macroscopic single crystal from which it was exfoliated.
Romanian Maize - Distorted Prices and Producer Efficiency
Creators: name: Sauer, Johannes
name: Balint, Borbala
name: Sauer, Johannes
name: Balint, Borbala
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: efficiency
subject: shadow cost frontier
subject: transitional agriculture
subject: functional consistency

description: This study tackles the decomposition of efficiency with respect to agricultural production in transition economies by using a case study on small scale maize farmers in Romania. The underlying modelling assumption is that farmers in transition countries still face heavily distorted price systems. To capture such distortions a stochastic shadow cost frontier model is formulated to investigate the systematic input specific allocative inefficiency. We further adjust the underlying cost frontier by incorporating shadow price corrections and subsequently reveal evidence on farm specific technical inefficiency. Different models are estimated due to the imposition of curvature correctness. The empirical results confirm the underlying hypothesis of enduring price distortions.
L'héritage byzantin en Italie (VIIIe-XIIe siècle)
Creators: name: Tinnefeld, Franz Hermann
Publisher: name: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients
Year: 2024

description: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients, Bd. 95 (2011): Oriens christianus, Band 95
The Elongations and Supersonic Motions of Molecular Clouds
Creators: name: Koda, Jin
name: Sawada, Tsuyoshi
name: Hasegawa, Tetsuo
name: Scoville, Nick
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: New 13CO data from the BU-FCRAO Milky Way Galactic Ring Survey (GRS) are analyzed to understand the shape and internal motions of molecular clouds. For a sample of more than five hundred molecular clouds, we find that they are preferentially elongated along the Galactic plane. On the other hand, their spin axes are randomly oriented. We therefore conclude that the elongation is not supported by internal spin but by internal velocity anisotropy. It has been known that some driving mechanisms are necessary to sustain the supersonic velocity dispersion within molecular clouds. The mechanism for generating the velocity dispersion must also account for the preferred elongation. This excludes some driving mechanisms, such as stellar winds and supernovae, because they do not produce the systemic elongation along the Galactic plane. Driving energy is more likely to come from large scale motions, such as the Galactic rotation.
description: 6 files; 4 figures; accepted for ApJ
Observation of tunable single-atom Yu-Shiba-Rusinov states
Creators: name: Odobesko, Artem
name: Di Sante, D.
name: Kowalski, A.
name: Wilfert, S.
name: Friedrich, F.
name: Thomale, R.
name: Sangiovanni, G.
name: Bode, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The coupling of a spin to an underlying substrate is the basis for a plethora of phenomena. In the case of a metallic substrate, Kondo screening of the adatom magnetic moment can occur. As the substrate turns superconducting, an intriguing situation emerges where the pair breaking due to the adatom spins leads to Yu-Shiba-Rusinov bound states, but also intertwines with Kondo phenomena. Through scanning tunneling spectroscopy, we analyze the interdependence of Kondo screening and superconductivity. Our data obtained on single Fe adatoms on Nb(110) show that the coupling and the resulting YSR states are strongly adsorption site-dependent and reveal a quantum phase transition at a Kondo temperature comparable to the superconducting gap. The experimental signatures are rationalized by combined density functional theory and continuous-time quantum Monte-Carlo calculations to rigorously treat magnetic and hybridization effects on equal footing.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures
La maladie et la santé selon Montaigne, médecin de soi-même
Creators: name: Laverdure, Stéphanie Michèle
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Dans cette etude, nous nous proposons de faire une analyse des questions de la sante et de la maladie dans les Essais, lesquelles ne sont pas les conceptions traditionnelles selon la medecine du XVIe siecle. D'apres Montaigne, la maladie afflige toutes les composantes physiologiques ainsi que pathologiques de rhomme, de sorte que la sante n'est atteinte que par la guerison du corps, du jugement, et de l'ame, entrainant le bien-etre total de rhomme. L'importance de la sante chez Montaigne ne s'arrete pas a la sante de son propre corps atteint de "la pierre"; il cherche aussi les moyens de retablir la sante de son Etat, ravage par les guerres de religions, ainsi que la "sante" des rapports entre le corps humain et son milieu, l'homme et le monde exterieur. Nous voyons l'auteur, au sein des Essais, adopter une attitude ou la maladie est valorisee car lorsque le corps est rendu en meilleur etat, 1'homme jouit d'une sante "plus entiere et plus nette". La medecine traditionnelle de l'epoque etant incapable de lui venir en aide, Montaigne laisse l'etat preoccupant de sa sante fournir le pretexte de ses attaques contre le savoir medical et contre tout savoir humain. Conscient des limites cognitives de l'homme, Montaigne propose que le seul savoir que celui-ci puisse atteindre est la connaissance de soi, la seule sagesse purement humaine ou la verite, l'honnetete et la justice forment la base de tout jugement. Montaigne montre comment les remedes du corps, tels que la purgation et la saignee, servent aussi dans le retablissement de la sante du jugement, le liberant des "blocages" qui entravent son bon fonctionnement, tels que la coutume, les desirs et les passions. L'essence des Essais de Montaigne c'est la condition humaine, et le "comment vivre". Celui-ci ne peut se realiser sans l'accomplissement du devoir de l’homme envers lui-meme, un principe d'autonomie qui se trouve a la base de sa philosophie morale. De sa sante spirituelle, Montaigne nous presente une morale non-chretienne. C'est celle de "l'honnete homme," decide a "vivre a l'aise et a son aise" dans la paix d'une bonne conscience. II sera done porte a rechercher le bonheur par la sagesse, qu'il rencontrera dans la pratique de la philosophie et de cette liberte illimitee que peut lui reserver la sante.