cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Elastic flow with junctions: Variational approximation and applications to nonlinear splines
Creators: name: Barrett, John W.
name: Garcke, Harald
name: Nürnberg, Robert
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: elastic flow, Willmore flow, parametric finite elements, tangential movement, curve networks, junctions, nonlinear splines
subject: 510 Mathematik
subject: 65M60
subject: 65M12
subject: 35K55
subject: 53C44
subject: 74E10
subject: 41A15

description: We consider stable semidiscrete approximations of parameterized curve networks for gradient flows of elastic type functionals. Here meaningful and relevant conditions at junction points, such as double and triple junctions, need to be derived and suitably discretized. Examples for double junction types are C0 attachment and C1 continuity. We develop strong and weak formulations for the elastic flow for curve networks with such junction points. For junctions with three or more curves the conditions at the junctions are derived here for the first time. Possible applications include a simplified one-dimensional model of geometric biomembranes, as well as nonlinear splines in two and higher dimensions. The numerical results presented in this paper demonstrate the practicality of the introduced finite element approximations.
Reservoir Computing Approach for Gray Images Segmentation
Creators: name: Koprinkova-Hristova, Petia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: The paper proposes a novel approach for gray scale images segmentation. It is based on multiple features extraction from single feature per image pixel, namely its intensity value, using Echo state network. The newly extracted features - reservoir equilibrium states - reveal hidden image characteristics that improve its segmentation via a clustering algorithm. Moreover, it was demonstrated that the intrinsic plasticity tuning of reservoir fits its equilibrium states to the original image intensity distribution thus allowing for its better segmentation. The proposed approach is tested on the benchmark image Lena.
description: 12 pages, 7 figures
Influence of strenuous exercise on albumin excretion
Creators: name: Krämer, Bernhard K.
name: Kernz, M.
name: Ress, K. M.
name: Pfohl, M.
name: Müller, G. A.
name: Schmülling, R. M.
name: Risler, T.
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 1988
Subjects: subject: 610 Medizin
subject: Adult
subject: Albuminuria/urine
subject: Diabetic Nephropathies/urine
subject: Diagnostic Errors
subject: Exercise
subject: Female
subject: Humans
subject: Male
subject: Middle Aged

description: Renal albumin excretion rate was 7.3 mg/24 h (SEM 0.5, range 0.6-21.0) in 66 healthy subjects. This rate increased markedly during and shortly after strenuous exercise on a bicycle ergometer (before: 5.5 +/- 0.6 micrograms/min; during and just after: 16.9 +/- 2.2 micrograms/min; P less than 0.001; n = 30). However, albumin excretion/24 h was not significantly higher during 24 h with a period of strenuous exercise than during 24 h without such exercise (10.3 +/- 0.9 mg/24 h vs 8.5 +/- 0.7 mg/24 h).
Infrared-Faint Radio Sources are at high redshifts
Creators: name: Herzog, Andreas
name: Middelberg, Enno
name: Norris, Ray P.
name: Sharp, Rob
name: Spitler, Lee R.
name: Parker, Quentin A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Context: Infrared-Faint Radio Sources (IFRS) are characterised by relatively high radio flux densities and associated faint or even absent infrared and optical counterparts. The resulting extremely high radio-to-infrared flux density ratios up to several thousands were previously known only for High-redshift Radio Galaxies (HzRGs), suggesting a link between the two classes of object. Prior to this work, no redshift was known for any IFRS in the Australia Telescope Large Area Survey (ATLAS) fields which would help to put IFRS in the context of other classes of object, especially of HzRGs. Aims: This work aims at measuring the first redshifts of IFRS in the ATLAS fields. Further, we test the hypothesis that IFRS are similar to HzRGs, as higher-redshift or dust-obscured versions of these massive galaxies. Methods: A sample of IFRS was spectroscopically observed using the Focal Reducer and Low Dispersion Spectrograph 2 (FORS2) at the Very Large Telescope (VLT). The data were calibrated based on the Image Reduction and Analysis Facility (IRAF) and redshifts extracted. This information was then used to calculate rest-frame luminosities, and to perform the first spectral energy distribution modelling of IFRS based on redshifts. Results: We found redshifts of 1.84, 2.13, and 2.76, for three IFRS, confirming the suggested high-redshift character of this class of object. These redshifts as well as the resulting luminosities show IFRS to be similar to HzRGs. We found further evidence that fainter IFRS are at even higher redshifts. Conclusions: Considering the similarities between IFRS and HzRGs substantiated in this work, the detection of IFRS, which have a significantly higher sky density than HzRGs, increases the number of Active Galactic Nuclei in the early universe and adds to the problems of explaining the formation of supermassive black holes shortly after the Big Bang.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures; version in print
Extracting Dynamical Green's Function of Ultracold Quantum Gases via Electromagnetically Induced Transparency
Creators: name: Jen, H. H.
name: Wang, Daw-Wei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The essential quantum many-body physics of an ultracold quantum gas relies on the single-particle Green's functions.\ We demonstrate that it can be extracted by the spectrum of electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT).\ The single-particle Green's function can be reconstructed by the measurements of frequency moments in EIT spectroscopy.\ This optical measurement provides an efficient and nondestructive method to reveal the many-body properties, and we propose an experimental setup to realize it.\ Finite temperature and finite size effects are discussed, and we demonstrate the reconstruction steps of Green's function for the examples of three-dimensional Mott-insulator phase and one-dimensional Luttinger liquid.
description: 5 figures
On the dimensions of a family of overlapping self-affine carpets
Creators: name: Fraser, Jonathan
name: Shmerkin, Pablo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 28A80

description: We consider the dimensions of a family of self-affine sets related to the Bedford-McMullen carpets. In particular, we fix a Bedford-McMullen system and then randomise the translation vectors with the stipulation that the column structure is preserved. As such, we maintain one of the key features in the Bedford-McMullen set up in that alignment causes the dimensions to drop from the affinity dimension. We compute the Hausdorff, packing and box dimensions outside of a small set of exceptional translations, and also for some explicit translations even in the presence of overlapping. Our results rely on, and can be seen as a partial extension of, M. Hochman's recent work on the dimensions of self-similar sets and measures.
description: 17 pages, 5 figures, to appear in Ergodic Th. Dynam. Syst
Renal effects of the new calcium channel blocking drug isradipine
Creators: name: Krämer, Bernhard K.
name: Häussler, M.
name: Ress, K. M.
name: Müller, G. A.
name: Burger, K. J.
name: Risler, T.
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 1990
Subjects: subject: 610 Medizin
subject: Administration, Oral
subject: Adult
subject: Blood Pressure/drug effects
subject: Calcium Channel Blockers/pharmacology
subject: Glomerular Filtration Rate/drug effects
subject: Hemodynamics/drug effects
subject: Humans
subject: Isradipine
subject: Male
subject: Metabolic Clearance Rate
subject: Pyridines/pharmacology
subject: Renal Circulation/drug effects
subject: Renin/blood
subject: Sodium/urine

description: The acute effect of a single oral dose of isradipine 5 mg on blood pressure, renal haemodynamics, electrolyte excretion and plasma renin activity was studied in 10 healthy males. Isradipine did not produce a significant change in systolic or diastolic blood pressure, and glomerular filtration rate, renal plasma flow, renal vascular resistance, and urinary albumin excretion remained constant. There was a marked natriuretic and diuretic effect about 1-3 h after isradipine. Plasma renin activity showed a slight, insignificant increase 1 h after dosing. Uric acid clearance and beta 2-microglobulin excretion showed no significant changes, despite an increase in sodium clearance, suggesting an additional mechanism of action other than the proximal tubular natriuretic effect of isradipine in normotensive volunteers.
Elliptic curves over $\mathbb{Q}$ and 2-adic images of Galois
Creators: name: Rouse, Jeremy
name: Zureick-Brown, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11G05 (primary), 11D45, 11F80, 11G15, 11G18 (secondary)

description: We give a classification of all possible $2$-adic images of Galois representations associated to elliptic curves over $\mathbb{Q}$. To this end, we compute the 'arithmetically maximal' tower of 2-power level modular curves, develop techniques to compute their equations, and classify the rational points on these curves.
description: 34 pages, 1 figure. The transcript of computations is available in the ancillary file 2adic.rar. (Apologies for the unusual file format. If this archive is created with tar, gzip or bzip2, arXiv will automatically extract it, and would would give links to each of these files on the site you are looking at.)
Wi-Fi Meets ML: A Survey on Improving IEEE 802.11 Performance with Machine Learning
Creators: name: Szott, Szymon
name: Kosek-Szott, Katarzyna
name: Gawłowicz, Piotr
name: Gómez, Jorge Torres
name: Bellalta, Boris
name: Zubow, Anatolij
name: Dressler, Falko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Wireless local area networks (WLANs) empowered by IEEE 802.11 (Wi-Fi) hold a dominant position in providing Internet access thanks to their freedom of deployment and configuration as well as the existence of affordable and highly interoperable devices. The Wi-Fi community is currently deploying Wi-Fi 6 and developing Wi-Fi 7, which will bring higher data rates, better multi-user and multi-AP support, and, most importantly, improved configuration flexibility. These technical innovations, including the plethora of configuration parameters, are making next-generation WLANs exceedingly complex as the dependencies between parameters and their joint optimization usually have a non-linear impact on network performance. The complexity is further increased in the case of dense deployments and coexistence in shared bands. While classical optimization approaches fail in such conditions, machine learning (ML) is able to handle complexity. Much research has been published on using ML to improve Wi-Fi performance and solutions are slowly being adopted in existing deployments. In this survey, we adopt a structured approach to describe the various Wi-Fi areas where ML is applied. To this end, we analyze over 250 papers in the field, providing readers with an overview of the main trends. Based on this review, we identify specific open challenges and provide general future research directions.
description: 54 pages, 23 figures, 384 references
One-shot Learning for Autonomous Aerial Manipulation
Creators: name: Zito, Claudio
name: Ferrante, Eliseo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper is concerned with learning transferable contact models for aerial manipulation tasks. We investigate a contact-based approach for enabling unmanned aerial vehicles with cable-suspended passive grippers to compute the attach points on novel payloads for aerial transportation. This is the first time that the problem of autonomously generating contact points for such tasks has been investigated. Our approach builds on the underpinning idea that we can learn a probability density of contacts over objects' surfaces from a single demonstration. We enhance this formulation for encoding aerial transportation tasks while maintaining the one-shot learning paradigm without handcrafting task-dependent features or employing ad-hoc heuristics; the only prior is extrapolated directly from a single demonstration. Our models only rely on the geometrical properties of the payloads computed from a point cloud, and they are robust to partial views. The effectiveness of our approach is evaluated in simulation, in which one or three quadropters are requested to transport previously unseen payloads along a desired trajectory. The contact points and the quadroptors configurations are computed on-the-fly for each test by our apporach and compared with a baseline method, a modified grasp learning algorithm from the literature. Empirical experiments show that the contacts generated by our approach yield a better controllability of the payload for a transportation task. We conclude this paper with a discussion on the strengths and limitations of the presented idea, and our suggested future research directions.
description: aerial manipulation, aerial grasping, one-shot learning, collaborative transportation
Allocapnia minima
Creators: name: Stark, Bill P.
name: Kondratieff, Boris C.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2012
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Plecoptera
Capniidae
Allocapnia
Allocapnia minima

description: Allocapnia minima (Newport) (Figs. 37-42) Perla minima Newport 1851:450. Lectotype ♂ (British Museum of Natural History), St. Martins Falls, Albany River, Ontario, designation by Kimmins 1970 Capnella incisura Claassen 1924:45. Holotype ♂ (Cornell University), Ithaca [Tompkins Co.], New York. syn. Ricker, 1938:136. Material examined. New York: Clinton Co., Saranac River, Clayburg, Silver Lake Rd, 25 March 2005, L. Myers, 24♂, 2♀ (CSUC). Hamilton Co., Sacandaga River, Wells, jct. Rt 8- Rt 30, 43.4453 ° N, 74.2524 ° W, 12 March 2012, B.C. Kondratieff, L. Myers, 16♂, 3♀ (CSUC). St. Lawrence Co., St. Regis River, Rt 11, 14 March 2009, T. Mihuc, 8♂, 5♀ (CSUC). Male epiproct. Apical segment of upper limb flattened in lateral aspect and ca. 198 μm long; apical ca. 31 μm armed with a series of appressed processes separated by narrow grooves and terminating in elongate, flattened spines (Figs. 37-41), remainder of apical segment armed with widely separated long, thick setae; apical segment ca. 83-86 μm wide throughout length and bluntly rounded at tip. Basal segment of upper limb ca. 62 μm wide, without mesal longitudinal groove. Lower limb ca. 96 μm wide near apical spoon. Male tergal process. Prominent thimble-shaped, undivided structure on tergum 8 slanted caudad and ca. 54 μm wide at tip; apex covered with scale- like structures (Fig. 40-42).
description: Published as part of Stark, Bill P. & Kondratieff, Boris C., 2012, Epiproct And Dorsal Process Structure In The Allocapnia Forbesi Frison, A. Pygmaea (Burmeister), And A. Rickeri Frison Species Groups (Plecoptera: Capniidae), And Inclusion Of A. Minima (Newport) In A New Species Group, pp. 45-77 in Illiesia 8 (5) on pages 53-57, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4760725
description: {"references": ["Newport, G. 1851. On the anatomy and affinities of Pteronarcys regalis Newm.: with a postscript, containing descriptions of some American Perlidae, together with notes on their habits. Transactions of the Linnaean Society of London, 20: 447 - 452.", "Kimmins, D. E. 1970. A list of the type-specimens of Plecoptera and Megaloptera in the British Museum (Natural History). Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History) Entomology, 24: 337 - 361.", "Claassen, P. W. 1924. New species of North American Capniidae (Plecoptera). Canadian Entomologist, 56: 43 - 48."]}
Constraints on the $Λ$CDM model with redshift tomography
Creators: name: Cai, Rong-Gen
name: Guo, Zong-Kuan
name: Tang, Bo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently released Planck data favor a lower value of the Hubble constant and a higher value of the fraction matter density in the standard $Λ$CDM model, which are discrepant with some of the low-redshift measurements. Within the context of this cosmology, we examine the consistency of the estimated values for the Hubble constant and fraction matter density with redshift tomography. Using the SNe Ia, Hubble parameter, BAO and CMB data, which are divided into three bins, we find no statistical evidence for any tension in the three redshift bins, although there exists a 1.4$σ$ deviation of the Hubble constant in the middle redshift from the one in the high redshift bin.
description: 18 pages,3 figures
Supplementary tables for AD and HEI
Creators: name: Tangzhenwei
name: Shenminxue
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: This is the supplementary table for a submission entitiled "Association between diet quality and atopic dermatitis: a cross-sectional analysis based on the 1999-2006 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey" .
Serum angiotensin-converting enzyme as a marker of dialyzer membrane biocompatibility?
Creators: name: Krämer, Bernhard K.
name: Ulshöfer, T. M.
name: Ress, K. M.
name: Müller, G. A.
name: Risler, T.
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 1989
Subjects: subject: 610 Medizin
subject: Adult
subject: Aged
subject: Biocompatible Materials/standards
subject: Biological Markers/blood
subject: Dialysis/instrumentation
subject: Humans
subject: Middle Aged
subject: Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A/blood

description: letter to the editor
The structure function of Galactic \HI opacity fluctuations on AU scales based on MERLIN, VLA and VLBA data
Creators: name: Dutta, Prasun
name: Chengalur, Jayaram N.
name: Roy, Nirupam
name: Goss, W. M.
name: Arjunwadkar, Mihir
name: Minter, Anthony H.
name: Brogan, Crystal L.
name: Lazio, T. J. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use MERLIN, VLA and VLBA observations of Galactic \HI absorption towards 3C~138 to estimate the structure function of the \HI opacity fluctuations at AU scales. Using Monte Carlo simulations, we show that there is likely to be a significant bias in the estimated structure function at signal-to-noise ratios characteristic of our observations, if the structure function is constructed in the manner most commonly used in the literature. We develop a new estimator that is free from this bias and use it to estimate the true underlying structure function slope on length scales ranging $5$ to $40$~AU. From a power law fit to the structure function, we derive a slope of $0.81^{+0.14}_{-0.13}$, i.e. similar to the value observed at parsec scales. The estimated upper limit for the amplitude of the structure function is also consistent with the measurements carried out at parsec scales. Our measurements are hence consistent with the \HI opacity fluctuation in the Galaxy being characterized by a power law structure function over length scales that span six orders of magnitude. This result implies that the dissipation scale has to be smaller than a few AU if the fluctuations are produced by turbulence. This inferred smaller dissipation scale implies that the dissipation occurs either in (i) regions with densities $\gtrsim 10^3 $cm$^-3$ (i.e. similar to that inferred for "tiny scale" atomic clouds or (ii) regions with a mix of ionized and atomic gas (i.e. the observed structure in the atomic gas has a magneto-hydrodynamic origin).
description: 8 Figures, 1 table. Accepted for publication in Monthly notices of royal astronomical society
Basil: A Fast and Byzantine-Resilient Approach for Decentralized Training
Creators: name: Elkordy, Ahmed Roushdy
name: Prakash, Saurav
name: Avestimehr, A. Salman
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Detection and mitigation of Byzantine behaviors in a decentralized learning setting is a daunting task, especially when the data distribution at the users is heterogeneous. As our main contribution, we propose Basil, a fast and computationally efficient Byzantine robust algorithm for decentralized training systems, which leverages a novel sequential, memory assisted and performance-based criteria for training over a logical ring while filtering the Byzantine users. In the IID dataset distribution setting, we provide the theoretical convergence guarantees of Basil, demonstrating its linear convergence rate. Furthermore, for the IID setting, we experimentally demonstrate that Basil is robust to various Byzantine attacks, including the strong Hidden attack, while providing up to ${\sim}16 \%$ higher test accuracy over the state-of-the-art Byzantine-resilient decentralized learning approach. Additionally, we generalize Basil to the non-IID dataset distribution setting by proposing Anonymous Cyclic Data Sharing (ACDS), a technique that allows each node to anonymously share a random fraction of its local non-sensitive dataset (e.g., landmarks images) with all other nodes. We demonstrate that Basil alongside ACDS with only $5\%$ data sharing provides effective toleration of Byzantine nodes, unlike the state-of-the-art Byzantine robust algorithm that completely fails in the heterogeneous data setting. Finally, to reduce the overall latency of Basil resulting from its sequential implementation over the logical ring, we propose Basil+. In particular, Basil+ provides scalability by enabling Byzantine-robust parallel training across groups of logical rings, and at the same time, it retains the performance gains of Basil due to sequential training within each group. Furthermore, we experimentally demonstrate the scalability gains of Basil+ through different sets of experiments.
description: Final version was accepted for publication in IEEE JSAC Series on Machine Learning for Communications and Networks. A part of the work was presented at the NeurIPS Workshop on Privacy in Machine Learning, 2021
Toward a realistic model of speech processing in the brain with self-supervised learning
Creators: name: Millet, Juliette
name: Caucheteux, Charlotte
name: Orhan, Pierre
name: Boubenec, Yves
name: Gramfort, Alexandre
name: Dunbar, Ewan
name: Pallier, Christophe
name: King, Jean-Remi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Several deep neural networks have recently been shown to generate activations similar to those of the brain in response to the same input. These algorithms, however, remain largely implausible: they require (1) extraordinarily large amounts of data, (2) unobtainable supervised labels, (3) textual rather than raw sensory input, and / or (4) implausibly large memory (e.g. thousands of contextual words). These elements highlight the need to identify algorithms that, under these limitations, would suffice to account for both behavioral and brain responses. Focusing on the issue of speech processing, we here hypothesize that self-supervised algorithms trained on the raw waveform constitute a promising candidate. Specifically, we compare a recent self-supervised architecture, Wav2Vec 2.0, to the brain activity of 412 English, French, and Mandarin individuals recorded with functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI), while they listened to ~1h of audio books. Our results are four-fold. First, we show that this algorithm learns brain-like representations with as little as 600 hours of unlabelled speech -- a quantity comparable to what infants can be exposed to during language acquisition. Second, its functional hierarchy aligns with the cortical hierarchy of speech processing. Third, different training regimes reveal a functional specialization akin to the cortex: Wav2Vec 2.0 learns sound-generic, speech-specific and language-specific representations similar to those of the prefrontal and temporal cortices. Fourth, we confirm the similarity of this specialization with the behavior of 386 additional participants. These elements, resulting from the largest neuroimaging benchmark to date, show how self-supervised learning can account for a rich organization of speech processing in the brain, and thus delineate a path to identify the laws of language acquisition which shape the human brain.
description: Accepted to NeurIPS 2022
A path-integral approach to Bayesian inference for inverse problems using the semiclassical approximation
Creators: name: Chang, Joshua C
name: Savage, Van
name: Chou, Tom
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: We demonstrate how path integrals often used in problems of theoretical physics can be adapted to provide a machinery for performing Bayesian inference in function spaces. Such inference comes about naturally in the study of inverse problems of recovering continuous (infinite dimensional) coefficient functions from ordinary or partial differential equations (ODE, PDE), a problem which is typically ill-posed. Regularization of these problems using $L^2$ function spaces (Tikhonov regularization) is equivalent to Bayesian probabilistic inference, using a Gaussian prior. The Bayesian interpretation of inverse problem regularization is useful since it allows one to quantify and characterize error and degree of precision in the solution of inverse problems, as well as examine assumptions made in solving the problem -- namely whether the subjective choice of regularization is compatible with prior knowledge. Using path-integral formalism, Bayesian inference can be explored through various perturbative techniques, such as the semiclassical approximation, which we use in this manuscript. Perturbative path-integral approaches, while offering alternatives to computational approaches like Markov-Chain-Monte-Carlo (MCMC), also provide natural starting points for MCMC methods that can be used to refine approximations. In this manuscript, we illustrate a path-integral formulation for inverse problems and demonstrate it on an inverse problem in membrane biophysics as well as inverse problems in potential theories involving the Poisson equation.
description: Fixed some spelling errors and the author affiliations. This is the version accepted for publication by J Stat Phys
Endothelin and increased contractility in adult rat ventricular myocytes. Role of intracellular alkalosis induced by activation of the protein kinase C-dependent Na(+)-H+ exchanger
Creators: name: Krämer, Bernhard K.
name: Smith, T. W.
name: Kelly, R. A.
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 1991
Subjects: subject: 610 Medizin
subject: Alkalosis/metabolism
subject: Ammonium Chloride/pharmacology
subject: Animals
subject: Carrier Proteins/metabolism
subject: Endothelins/physiology
subject: Heart Ventricles
subject: Hydrogen-Ion Concentration
subject: Intracellular Membranes/metabolism
subject: Myocardial Contraction
subject: Myocardium/cytology
subject: Ouabain/pharmacology
subject: Protein Kinase C/pharmacology
subject: Rats
subject: Sodium-Hydrogen Antiporter

description: Endothelin, a 21-amino acid vasoactive peptide, is among the most potent positively inotropic agents yet described in mammalian heart. Having demonstrated that endothelin's inotropic effect is due, in part, to an apparent sensitization of cardiac myofilaments to intracellular calcium, we determined whether this could be due to a rise in intracellular pH (pHi). In isolated adult rat ventricular cells loaded with the H(+)-selective fluorescent probe BCECF, 100 pM endothelin increased contractile amplitude to 190 +/- 26% of baseline and pHi by 0.08 +/- 0.02 (n = 8), whereas 1 nM endothelin increased pHi by 0.13 +/- 0.03 with little further increase in contractility. Amiloride (10(-4)M) prevented the increase in pHi in response to endothelin and reduced the inotropic response by 45%, although the inotropic effect could be readily restored by subsequent NH4Cl-induced alkalinization. Similarly, inhibitors of protein kinase C (H-7 and sphingosine) diminished or abolished the rise in pHi after endothelin superfusion while causing a decline in its inotropic effect comparable with that observed with amiloride. Pretreatment with pertussis toxin, which we have demonstrated results in complete ADP-ribosylation of the alpha-subunits of Go and Gi GTP-binding proteins and abolition of endothelin's positive inotropic effect, only partially reduced the intracellular alkalinization induced by the peptide, suggesting a complex signal transduction mechanism. Thus, the positive inotropic action of endothelin is due in part to stimulation of the sarcolemmal Na(+)-H+ exchanger by a protein kinase C-mediated pathway, resulting in a rise in pHi and sensitization of cardiac myofilaments to intracellular Ca2+.
Imaging single Rydberg electrons in a Bose-Einstein condensate
Creators: name: Karpiuk, Tomasz
name: Brewczyk, Mirosław
name: Rzążewski, Kazimierz
name: Gaj, Anita
name: Balewski, Jonathan B.
name: Krupp, Alexander T.
name: Schlagmüller, Michael
name: Löw, Robert
name: Hofferberth, Sebastian
name: Pfau, Tilman
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The quantum mechanical states of electrons in atoms and molecules are distinct orbitals, which are fundamental for our understanding of atoms, molecules and solids. Electronic orbitals determine a wide range of basic atomic properties, allowing also for the explanation of many chemical processes. Here, we propose a novel technique to optically image the shape of electron orbitals of neutral atoms using electron-phonon coupling in a Bose-Einstein condensate. To validate our model we carefully analyze the impact of a single Rydberg electron onto a condensate and compare the results to experimental data. Our scheme requires only well-established experimental techniques that are readily available and allows for the direct capture of textbook-like spatial images of single electronic orbitals in a single shot experiment.
description: New J. Phys., accepted
A solution space for a system of null-state partial differential equations 2
Creators: name: Flores, Steven M.
name: Kleban, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This article is the second of four that completely characterize a solution space $\mathcal{S}_N$ for a homogeneous system of $2N+3$ linear partial differential equations (PDEs) in 2N variables that arises in conformal field theory (CFT) and multiple Schramm-Lowner evolution (SLE). The system comprises $2N$ null-state equations and three conformal Ward identities which govern CFT correlation functions of $2N$ one-leg boundary operators. In the first article (part I), we use methods of analysis and linear algebra to prove that $\dim\mathcal{S}_N\leq C_N$, with $C_N$ the $N$th Catalan number. The analysis of that article is complete except for the proof of a lemma that it invokes. This article provides the proof. The lemma states that if every interval among $(x_2,x_3),$ $(x_3,x_4), ... ,(x_{2N-1},x_{2N})$ is a two-leg interval of $F\in\mathcal{S}_N$, then $F$ vanishes. Proving this lemma by contradiction, we show that the existence of such a nonzero function implies the existence of a non-vanishing CFT two-point function involving primary operators with different conformal weights, an impossibility. This proof (which is rigorous in spite of our occasional reference to CFT) involves two different types of estimates, those that give the asymptotic behavior of F as the length of one interval vanishes, and those that give this behavior as the lengths of two intervals vanish simultaneously. We derive these estimates by using Green functions to rewrite certain null-state PDEs as integral equations, combining other null-state PDEs to obtain Schauder interior estimates, and then repeatedly integrating the integral equations with these estimates until we obtain optimal bounds. In the case where two adjacent interval lengths vanish, we use a Green function that contains the Jacobi heat kernel as its essential ingredient.
description: Minor typos from v1 corrected, acknowledgments expanded
Opportunistic Spectrum Access: Does Maximizing Throughput Minimize File Transfer Time?
Creators: name: Hu, Jie
name: Doshi, Vishwaraj
name: Eun, Do Young
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The Opportunistic Spectrum Access (OSA) model has been developed for the secondary users (SUs) to exploit the stochastic dynamics of licensed channels for file transfer in an opportunistic manner. Common approaches to design channel sensing strategies for throughput-oriented applications tend to maximize the long-term throughput, with the hope that it provides reduced file transfer time as well. In this paper, we show that this is not correct in general, especially for small files. Unlike prior delay-related works that seldom consider the heterogeneous channel rate and bursty incoming packets, our work explicitly considers minimizing the file transfer time of a single file consisting of multiple packets in a set of heterogeneous channels. We formulate a mathematical framework for the static policy, and extend to dynamic policy by mapping our file transfer problem to the stochastic shortest path problem. We analyze the performance of our proposed static optimal and dynamic optimal policies over the policy that maximizes long-term throughput. We then propose a heuristic policy that takes into account the performance-complexity tradeoff and an extension to online implementation with unknown channel parameters, and also present the regret bound for our online algorithm. We also present numerical simulations that reflect our analytical results.
description: The shorter version appears in WiOpt 2021
Heavy neutrinos and neutral gauge boson Z' at the LHC
Creators: name: Abdelalim, A. A.
name: Hammad, A.
name: Khalil, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore possible signatures for heavy neutrinos and neutral gauge boson, Z', in TeV scale B-L extension of the Standard Model (BLSM) with inverse seesaw mechanisms at the Large Hadron Collider. We show that due to new decay channels of Z' into heavy/inert neutrinos, the LHC stringent bounds imposed on Z' mass can be significantly relaxed. We analyze the pair production of heavy neutrinos decaying to four leptons plus two neutrinos, four jets plus two leptons, or three leptons plus two jets and one neutrino. We show that the 4l + 2 nu is the most promising decay channel for probing both Z' and heavy neutrinos at the LHC.
description: 6 pages, 6 figures
Peratic Phase Transition by Bulk-to-Surface Response
Creators: name: Qiu, Xingze
name: Wang, Hai
name: Xia, Wei
name: Li, Xiaopeng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The study of dynamical phase transitions has been attracting considerable research efforts in the last decade. One theme of present interest is to search for exotic scenarios beyond the framework of equilibrium phase transitions. Here, we establish a duality between many-body dynamics and static Hamiltonian ground states for both classical and quantum systems. We construct frustration free Hamiltonians whose ground state phase transitions have rigorous duality to chaotic transitions in dynamical systems. By this duality, we show the corresponding ground state phase transitions are characterized by bulk-to-surface response, which are then dubbed "peratic" meaning defined by response to the boundary. For the classical system, we show how the time-like dimension emerges in the static ground states. For the quantum system, the ground state is a superposition of geometrical lines on a two dimensional array, which encode the dynamical Floquet evolution history of one dimensional disordered spin chains. Our prediction of peratic phase transition has direct consequences in quantum simulation platforms such as Rydberg atoms and superconducting qubits, as well as anisotropic spin glass materials. The discovery would shed light on the unification of dynamical phase transitions with equilibrium systems.
description: 5+3 pages; 4+3 figures
Allocapnia MINIMA
Creators: name: Stark, Bill P.
name: Kondratieff, Boris C.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2012
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Plecoptera
Capniidae
Allocapnia

description: ALLOCAPNIA MINIMA GROUP Our decision to remove A. minima from the A. forbesi group and place it as the solitary member of this group is discussed above. Ross & Ricker (1971) indicated the tenuous nature of their assignment by linking the species to A. maria by a dashed line in their phylogenetic chart (Ross & Ricker 1971, Fig. 86). Ross & Ricker’s (1971) inclusion of A. minima in the A. forbesi clade was based entirely on the similarity of the female terminalia, a character state that can vary in other species groups of the genus (e.g. A. rickeri group). Allocapnia minima is similar in epiproct armature to members of the A. vivipara (Claassen) group, including A. brooksi Ross 1964, and A. tennessa Ross & Ricker 1964 (Stark & Kondratieff, unpublished), and may be more closely related to that group than to members of the A. forbesi group.
description: Published as part of Stark, Bill P. & Kondratieff, Boris C., 2012, Epiproct And Dorsal Process Structure In The Allocapnia Forbesi Frison, A. Pygmaea (Burmeister), And A. Rickeri Frison Species Groups (Plecoptera: Capniidae), And Inclusion Of A. Minima (Newport) In A New Species Group, pp. 45-77 in Illiesia 8 (5) on page 53, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4760725
description: {"references": ["Ross, H. H. & W. E. Ricker. 1971. The classification, evolution, and dispersal of the winter stonefly genus Allocapnia. Illinois Biological Monographs 45: University of Illinois Press, Urbana, Illinois. 166 pp.", "Ross, H. H. 1964. New species of winter stoneflies of the genus Allocapnia (Plecoptera, Capniidae). Entomological News, 75: 169 - 177.", "Ross, H. H. & W. E. Ricker, 1964. New species of winter stoneflies, genus Allocapnia (Plecoptera, Capniidae). Transactions of the Illinois Academy of Science, 57: 88 - 93."]}
LOYIHAVIY BOSHQARUV SAMARADORLIGINI OSHIRISH OMILI SIFATIDA XARID JARAYONLARINI OPTIMALLASHTIRISH
Creators: name: Mamatxanova, Ma'mura
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Ushbu maqola O'zbekistonda loyihaviy boshqaruvning samaradorligini oshirishda xarid jarayonlarini optimallashtirishning ahamiyatini ko'rib chiqadi. Maqolada xarid jarayonlarining hozirgi muammolari tahlil qilinadi va ushbu jarayonlarni takomillashtirish yo'llari, jumladan elektron tizimlarni joriy etish, xodimlarni malakasini oshirish, jarayonlarni standartlashtirish va korrupsiyaga qarshi kurashish tadbirlarini kuchaytirish taklif qilinadi. Maqola loyihaviy boshqaruv samaradorligini oshirishda ushbu takliflar qanday yordam berishi mumkinligini tahlil qiladi.
Simplified, rapid and inexpensive extraction procedure for a high-performance liquid chromatographic method for determination of disopyramide and its main metabolite mono-N-dealkylated disopyramide in serum
Creators: name: Mayer, F.
name: Krämer, Bernhard K.
name: Ress, K. M.
name: Kühlkamp, V.
name: Liebich, H. M.
name: Risler, T.
name: Seipel, L.
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 1991
Subjects: subject: 610 Medizin
subject: Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid
subject: Disopyramide/blood
subject: Humans
subject: Reproducibility of Results
subject: Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet

description: A simplified, rapid and inexpensive extraction procedure for the determination of the antiarrhythmic drug disopyramide and its main metabolite mono-N-desalkylated disopyramide in serum by high-performance liquid chromatography has been developed. The analysis uses ultraviolet detection at 254 nm, and a 5 micron reversed-phase column with a mobile phase of water-triethylamine-acetonitrile-PIC-B8 reagent. Serum extraction is performed with dichloromethane and 1 M sodium hydroxide. p-Chlorodisopyramide is used as internal standard. Recovery rates were 94.5% (S.D. 5.7%) for disopyramide, 96.8% (S.D. 2.2%) for mono-N-desalkylated disopyramide and 97.9% (S.D. 2.8%) for the internal standard.
Tameness of definably complete locally o-minimal structures and definable bounded multiplication
Creators: name: Fujita, Masato
name: Kawakami, Tomohiro
name: Komine, Wataru
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Logic (math.LO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 03C64

description: We first show that the projection image of a discrete definable set is again discrete for an arbitrary definably complete locally o-minimal structure. This fact together with the results in a previous paper implies tame dimension theory and decomposition theorem into good-shaped definable subsets called quasi-special submanifolds. Using this fact, in the latter part of this paper, we investigate definably complete locally o-minimal expansions of ordered groups when the restriction of multiplication to an arbitrary bounded open box is definable. Similarly to o-minimal expansions of ordered fields, Łojasiewicz's inequality, Tietze extension theorem and affiness of psudo-definable spaces hold true for such structures under the extra assumption that the domains of definition and the psudo-definable spaces are definably compact. Here, a pseudo-definable space is a topological spaces having finite definable atlases. We also demonstrate Michael's selection theorem for definable set-valued functions with definably compact domains of definition.
All-optical controlled phase gate in quantum dot molecules
Creators: name: Chen, Li-Bo
name: Yang, Wen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a two-qubit optically controlled phase gate in quantum dot molecules via adiabatic passage and hole tunneling. Our proposal combines the merits of the current generation of vertically stacked self-assembled InAs quantum dots and adiabatic passage. The simulation shows an implementation of the gate with a fidelity exceeding 0.98.
Real-Time Detection of Anomalies in Large-Scale Transient Surveys
Creators: name: Muthukrishna, Daniel
name: Mandel, Kaisey S.
name: Lochner, Michelle
name: Webb, Sara
name: Narayan, Gautham
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: New time-domain surveys, such as the Vera C. Rubin Observatory Legacy Survey of Space and Time (LSST), will observe millions of transient alerts each night, making standard approaches of visually identifying new and interesting transients infeasible. We present two novel methods of automatically detecting anomalous transient light curves in real-time. Both methods are based on the simple idea that if the light curves from a known population of transients can be accurately modelled, any deviations from model predictions are likely anomalies. The first modelling approach is a probabilistic neural network built using Temporal Convolutional Networks (TCNs) and the second is an interpretable Bayesian parametric model of a transient. We demonstrate our methods' ability to provide anomaly scores as a function of time on light curves from the Zwicky Transient Facility. We show that the flexibility of neural networks, the attribute that makes them such a powerful tool for many regression tasks, is what makes them less suitable for anomaly detection when compared with our parametric model. The parametric model is able to identify anomalies with respect to common supernova classes with high precision and recall scores, achieving area under the precision-recall curves (AUCPR) above 0.79 for most rare classes such as kilonovae, tidal disruption events, intermediate luminosity transients, and pair-instability supernovae. Our ability to identify anomalies improves over the lifetime of the light curves. Our framework, used in conjunction with transient classifiers, will enable fast and prioritised followup of unusual transients from new large-scale surveys.
description: 27 pages, 23 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Impurity effects in a two-dimensional topological superconductor: A link of Tc-robustness with a topological number
Creators: name: Nagai, Yuki
name: Ota, Yukihiro
name: Machida, Masahiko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Impurity effects are probes for revealing an unconventional property in superconductivity. We study effects of non-magnetic impurities, in a 2D topological superconductor with s-wave pairing, the Rashba spin-orbit coupling, and the Zeeman term. Using a self-consistent T-matrix approach, we calculate a phenomenological formula for the Thouless-Kohmoto-Nightingale-Nijs (TKNN) invariant in interacting systems, as well as density of states, with different magnetic fields. This quantity weakly depends on the magnetic field, when a spectral gap opens, whereas this changes drastically, when in-gap states occurs. Furthermore, in the latter case, we find that the Anderson's theorem (robustness of s-wave superconductivity against non-magnetic impurities) breaks down. We discuss the origin, from the viewpoints of both unconventional superconductivity and the TKNN invariant.
description: 6 pages, 6 figures, to be published in J. Phys. Soc. Jpn