cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Early maladaptive schemas and cognitive distortions in psychopathy and narcissism
Creators: name: Torres, Cristian
Publisher: name: The Australian National University
Year: 2002
Subjects: psychopathy
narcissism
early maladaptive schemas
cognitive distortions
personality disorders
antisocial personality disorder
APD
narcissistic personality disorder
NPD
EMS

description: Personality disorders have traditionally been considered refractory to psychological interventions. Two of the most common, and potentially harmful personality disorders are antisocial personality disorder / psychopathy, and narcissism. Although a great deal of conceptual overlap exists between psychopathy and narcissism, the empirical study of these constructs has proceeded largely independently of one another. Further complicating the discrimination of these constructs is the identification of the bi-factorial nature of psychopathy - conceptualised as primary and secondary psychopathy - as well as the identification of two distinct forms of narcissism, overt and covert. The recent resurgence of interest in the sub-clinical manifestations of these two constructs has led to the development of a number of easily administered instruments to measure each of the psychopathy and narcissism constructs, as dimensional traits, within normal populations. This has provided empirically validated and reliable instruments to further explicate these two overlapping constructs. The first of the two studies reported sought to discriminate between psychopathy and narcissism through the recharacterisation of these constructs in terms of the early maladaptive schemas outlined in Young’s early maladaptive schema theory (Young, 1999). Findings are consistent with the hypothesis that psychopathy and narcissism are discriminable in cognitive-interpersonal terms, as operationalised by early maladaptive schemas. Findings also call into question the earlier observed hierarchical structure of the Young Schema Questionnaire
On the maximal ionization of atoms in strong magnetic fields
Creators: name: Seiringer, Robert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 81V45 (Primary) 46N50, 35Q40 (Secondary)

description: We give upper bounds for the number of spin 1/2 particles that can be bound to a nucleus of charge Z in the presence of a magnetic field B, including the spin-field coupling. We use Lieb's strategy, which is known to yield N_c<2Z+1 for magnetic fields that go to zero at infinity, ignoring the spin-field interaction. For particles with fermionic statistics in a homogeneous magnetic field our upper bound has an additional term of order $Z\times\min{(B/Z^3)^{2/5},1+|\ln(B/Z^3)|^2}$.
description: LaTeX2e, 8 pages
title: The Importance of Public Knowledge and Community Engagement in Climate Change Adaptation Policy-making and Planning
Creators: name: Shaikh Khatibi, Farzaneh
Publisher: name: Griffith University
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Community engagement
subject: Climate change
subject: Adaptation
subject: Policy-making
subject: Planning
subject: Improve

description: Most of Australia’s population resides in coastal cities, but many of these communities are highly vulnerable to climate change. This makes the challenge of adapting to build resilience a high priority. Although effective government policies and plans are essential, they are not sufficient for a successful transition. Governments also need to generate broad public support to make the necessary changes to the way people live and work. Raising awareness, improving public knowledge, and effective community engagement are therefore crucial. This thesis makes an important contribution to this field by asking how better community engagement can improve climate change adaptation policy-making and planning. Local governments play a vital role in climate change adaptation, so the QCoast2100 program was selected as a case study because it enables councils to develop their own Coastal Hazard Adaptation Strategies through a process that includes significant community consultation. The methods used in this thesis include a literature review, a policy analysis, a media analysis, and a survey of key stakeholders. A framework for analysis was synthesised from three components: (1) The five levels of public participation of IAP2 (Inform, Consult, Involve, Collaborate, and Empower); (2) The seven types of policy instruments identified in the Australian Policy Handbook (Advocacy, Network, Money, Government Action, Law, Behavioural Economics, and Narrative); and, (3) Four different types of knowledge (individual, traditional, local, and scientific). It was found that community engagement should be shifted towards the upper end of the IAP2 spectrum (i.e., to collaborate and empower), and that Indigenous and traditional knowledge needs to be better integrated into the processes of policy-making and planning. The public’s awareness/knowledge of climate change can improve engagement in decision-making, and this in turn can further raise the community’s level of awareness/knowledge. The media has an important role to play, with the key barriers to improvement being a lack of community understanding and the reluctance of some councils to share knowledge and information.
title: Crambe sventinii Petters. ex Bramw. & Sund.
Creators: name: :None
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Digitale Pflanzenbilder: Sammlung Dietmar Brandes
subject: 580

description: Pflanzensammlung Dietmar Brandes: Digitale Pflanzenbilder
Burden of disease attributable to unsafe drinking water, sanitation, and hygiene in domestic settings: a global analysis for selected adverse health outcomes
Creators: name: Johnston, Richard B
name: Wolf, Jennyfer
name: Lanata, Claudio F
name: Caruso, Bethany A
name: Cumming, Oliver
name: Medlicott, Kate O
name: Evans, Barbara
name: Mills, Joanna Esteves
name: Arnold, Benjamin F
name: Ambelu, Argaw
name: Troeger, Christopher
name: Prüss-Ustün, Annette
name: Kang, Gagandeep
name: Gordon, Bruce
name: Brown, Joe
name: Boisson, Sophie
name: Freeman, Matthew C
name: Brauer, Michael
name: Bain, Robert
name: Colford, John M
name: Clasen, Thomas
Publisher: name: Elsevier
Year: 2023

description:
BACKGROUND: Assessments of disease burden are important to inform national, regional, and global strategies and to guide investment. We aimed to estimate the drinking water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH)-attributable burden of disease for diarrhoea, acute respiratory infections, undernutrition, and soil-transmitted helminthiasis, using the WASH service levels used to monitor the UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) as counterfactual minimum risk-exposure levels. METHODS: We assessed the WASH-attributable disease burden of the four health outcomes overall and disaggregated by region, age, and sex for the year 2019. We calculated WASH-attributable fractions of diarrhoea and acute respiratory infections by country using modelled WASH exposures and exposure-response relationships from two updated meta-analyses. We used the WHO and UNICEF Joint Monitoring Programme for Water Supply, Sanitation and Hygiene public database to estimate population exposure to different WASH service levels. WASH-attributable undernutrition was estimated by combining the population attributable fractions (PAF) of diarrhoea caused by unsafe WASH and the PAF of undernutrition caused by diarrhoea. Soil-transmitted helminthiasis was fully attributed to unsafe WASH. FINDINGS: We estimate that 1·4 (95% CI 1·3-1·5) million deaths and 74 (68-80) million disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) could have been prevented by safe WASH in 2019 across the four designated outcomes, representing 2·5% of global deaths and 2·9% of global DALYs from all causes. The proportion of diarrhoea that is attributable to unsafe WASH is 0·69 (0·65-0·72), 0·14 (0·13-0·17) for acute respiratory infections, and 0·10 (0·09-0·10) for undernutrition, and we assume that the entire disease burden from soil-transmitted helminthiasis was attributable to unsafe WASH. INTERPRETATION: WASH-attributable burden of disease estimates based on the levels of service established under the SDG framework show that progress towards the internationally agreed goal of safely managed WASH services for all would yield major public-health returns. FUNDING: WHO and Foreign, Commonwealth & Development Office.
IMPACT of MICRO and NANO-PLASTICS on HUMAN HEALTH after INHALATION
Creators: name: Loret, Thomas
name: Issa, Rahaf
name: PLASTICHEAL consortium
name: Vranic, Sandra
name: Bussy, Cyrill
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: poster for the annual Early Career Researchers Symposium of the Manchester Environmental Research Institute (MERI), University of Manchester, June 2022
MoGlow: Probabilistic and controllable motion synthesis using normalising flows
Creators: name: Henter, Gustav Eje
name: Alexanderson, Simon
name: Beskow, Jonas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Graphics (cs.GR)
subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: I.3.7; G.3; I.2.6

description: Data-driven modelling and synthesis of motion is an active research area with applications that include animation, games, and social robotics. This paper introduces a new class of probabilistic, generative, and controllable motion-data models based on normalising flows. Models of this kind can describe highly complex distributions, yet can be trained efficiently using exact maximum likelihood, unlike GANs or VAEs. Our proposed model is autoregressive and uses LSTMs to enable arbitrarily long time-dependencies. Importantly, is is also causal, meaning that each pose in the output sequence is generated without access to poses or control inputs from future time steps; this absence of algorithmic latency is important for interactive applications with real-time motion control. The approach can in principle be applied to any type of motion since it does not make restrictive, task-specific assumptions regarding the motion or the character morphology. We evaluate the models on motion-capture datasets of human and quadruped locomotion. Objective and subjective results show that randomly-sampled motion from the proposed method outperforms task-agnostic baselines and attains a motion quality close to recorded motion capture.
description: 14 pages, 5 figures, published in ACM Transactions on Graphics and presented at SIGGRAPH Asia 2020
Edge AI: A Taxonomy, Systematic Review and Future Directions
Creators: name: Gill, Sukhpal Singh
name: Golec, Muhammed
name: Hu, Jianmin
name: Xu, Minxian
name: Du, Junhui
name: Wu, Huaming
name: Walia, Guneet Kaur
name: Murugesan, Subramaniam Subramanian
name: Ali, Babar
name: Kumar, Mohit
name: Ye, Kejiang
name: Verma, Prabal
name: Kumar, Surendra
name: Cuadrado, Felix
name: Uhlig, Steve
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Edge Artificial Intelligence (AI) incorporates a network of interconnected systems and devices that receive, cache, process, and analyze data in close communication with the location where the data is captured with AI technology. Recent advancements in AI efficiency, the widespread use of Internet of Things (IoT) devices, and the emergence of edge computing have unlocked the enormous scope of Edge AI. Edge AI aims to optimize data processing efficiency and velocity while ensuring data confidentiality and integrity. Despite being a relatively new field of research from 2014 to the present, it has shown significant and rapid development over the last five years. This article presents a systematic literature review for Edge AI to discuss the existing research, recent advancements, and future research directions. We created a collaborative edge AI learning system for cloud and edge computing analysis, including an in-depth study of the architectures that facilitate this mechanism. The taxonomy for Edge AI facilitates the classification and configuration of Edge AI systems while examining its potential influence across many fields through compassing infrastructure, cloud computing, fog computing, services, use cases, ML and deep learning, and resource management. This study highlights the significance of Edge AI in processing real-time data at the edge of the network. Additionally, it emphasizes the research challenges encountered by Edge AI systems, including constraints on resources, vulnerabilities to security threats, and problems with scalability. Finally, this study highlights the potential future research directions that aim to address the current limitations of Edge AI by providing innovative solutions.
description: Preprint Version Accepted for Publication in Springer Cluster Computing, 2024
Lapidilactobacillus wuchangensis Zheng, Wittouck, Salvetti, Franz, Harris, Mattarelli, O'Toole, Pot, Vandamme, Walter, Watanabe, Wuyts, Felis, Gänzle & Lebeer, 2020, COMB. NOV.
Creators: name: Zheng, Jinshui
name: Wittouck, Stijn
name: Salvetti, Elisa
name: Franz, Charles M. A. P.
name: Harris, Hugh M. B.
name: Mattarelli, Paola
name: O'Toole, Paul W.
name: Pot, Bruno
name: Vandamme, Peter
name: Walter, Jens
name: Watanabe, Koichi
name: Wuyts, Sander
name: Felis, Giovanna E.
name: Gänzle, Michael G.
name: Lebeer, Sarah
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Bacteria
Firmicutes
Bacilli
Lactobacillales
Lactobacillaceae
Lapidilactobacillus
Lapidilactobacillus wuchangensis

description: DESCRIPTION OF LAPIDILACTOBACILLUS WUCHANGENSIS COMB. NOV.
 Lapidilactobacillus wuchangensis (wu.chang.en´sis. N.L. masc. adj. wuchangensis, pertaining to Wuchang, a county in Heilongjiang Province, PR China).
 Basonym: Lactobacillus wuchangensis Long et al. 2020, 15 VP.
 L. mulanensis grows between 15 and 37 °C but not at 10 and 45°C; the strain produces L(+)-lactate from D-ribose, D-glucose, N -acetylglucosamine and cellobiose [338]. The genome size of the type strain is 2.53 Mbp. The mol% GC content of DNA is 41.7.
Isolated from a vegetable fermentation [338].
 The type strain is 17-4 T = NCIMB 15161 T = CCM 8946 T = JCM 33271 T = CCTCC AB 2018406 T.
Genome sequence accession number: RHOU00000000.
16S rRNA gene accession number: MK 110811.
description: Published as part of Zheng, Jinshui, Wittouck, Stijn, Salvetti, Elisa, Franz, Charles M. A. P., Harris, Hugh M. B., Mattarelli, Paola, O'Toole, Paul W., Pot, Bruno, Vandamme, Peter, Walter, Jens, Watanabe, Koichi, Wuyts, Sander, Felis, Giovanna E., Gänzle, Michael G. & Lebeer, Sarah, 2020, A taxonomic note on the genus Lactobacillus: Description of 23 novel genera, emended description of the genus Lactobacillus Beijerinck 1901, and union of Lactobacillaceae and Leuconostocaceae, pp. 2782-2858 in International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 70 (4) on page 2847, DOI: 10.1099/ijsem.0.004107, http://zenodo.org/record/10114954
Telling Australia's story to the world: The Department of Information 1939-1950
Creators: name: Vickery, Edward Louis
Publisher: name: The Australian National University
Year: 2003
Subjects: Department of Information
Australian government
Australian public service
propaganda
advertising
broadcasting
ABC
Radio Australia
documentary film
media
newspapers
World War II

description: This study focuses on the organisation and operation of the Australian Government’s Department of Information that operated from 1939 to 1950. Equal weighting is given to the wartime and peacetime halves of the Department’s existence, allowing a balanced assessment of the Department’s role and development from its creation through to its abolition. ...
SRB states and nonequilibrium statistical mechanics close to equilibrium
Creators: name: Gallavotti, Giovannni
name: Ruelle, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Nonequilibrium statistical mechanics close to equilibrium is studied using SRB states and a formula for their derivatives with respect to parameters. We write general expressions for the thermodynamic fluxes (or currents) and the transport coefficients, generalizing previous results. In this framework we give a general proof of the Onsager reciprocity relations.
description: e-mail giovanni@ipparco.roma1.infn.it, ruelle@ihes.fr
Fluctuation-Induced Interactions and the Spin Glass Transition in $Fe_2TiO_5$
Creators: name: LaBarre, P. G.
name: Phelan, D.
name: Xin, Y.
name: Ye, F.
name: Besara, T.
name: Siegrist, T.
name: Syzranov, S. V.
name: Rosenkranz, S.
name: Ramirez, A. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the spin-glass transition in the strongly frustrated well-known compound $Fe_2TiO_5$. A remarkable feature of this transition, widely discussed in the literature, is its anisotropic properties: the transition manifests itself in the magnetic susceptibly only along one axis, despite $Fe^{3+}$ $d^5$ spins having no orbital component. We demonstrate, using neutron scattering, that below the transition temperature $T_g = 55 K$, $Fe_2TiO_5$ develops nanoscale surfboard shaped antiferromagnetic regions in which the $Fe^{3+}$ spins are aligned perpendicular to the axis which exhibits freezing. We show that the glass transition may result from the freezing of transverse fluctuations of the magnetization of these regions and we develop a mean-field replica theory of such a transition, revealing a type of magnetic van der Waals effect.
description: 14 pages, 4 figures, 6 page supplemental material, 2 figures
Modelling the links between socioeconomic status and health in Australia: a dynamic microsimulation approach
Creators: name: Walker, Agnes
Publisher: name: The Australian National University
Year: 2005
Subjects: health
socioeconomic status
microsimulation modelling
Australia

description: This thesis concerns the modelling of individuals’ health over the life course, within the framework set by the now substantial international literature on the relationship between socioeconomic status and health. The focus is on people with long term illnesses and related disabilities, on inequalities in health by socioeconomic status (SES) and on the impact of health on employment. ¶ The main tool of analysis is a dynamic microsimulation model of the Australian population which tracks the demographic, socioeconomic and financial characteristics of individuals and their families over the life course. Its original form, developed at the National Centre for Socioeconomic Modelling, University of Canberra, is based on a one per cent representative sample of the Australian population (around 150,000 individuals), with a series of life course events simulated for individuals and their families up to 2050 - such as births, deaths, migration, taxes, education, labour force participation, earned income, wealth accumulation and government transfers. ...
HDAC6 as a novel candidate in the treatment of Inflammatory Breast Cancers
Creators: Putcha, Preeti
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2015
Subjects: Pathology
Cytology
Breast--Cancer
Breast--Cancer--Treatment

description: Inflammatory Breast Cancer (IBC) is a rare, lethal, and understudied form of breast cancer. Although affecting 1-2% of the population, the remission rate is half that of the spectrum of other breast cancers, and most cases present in the advanced stages due to rapid undetectable development. Of the diagnosed cases, systemic chemotherapeutics are relatively ineffective in comparison to non-IBC breast cancer cases, indicating other unique mechanisms driving IBC progression. Historically, the specific sensitivities of a particular tumor type or subtype have been linked to genetic alterations that represent addiction hubs, such as hyperactivation of oncogenes due to mutation.
      	Although some efforts have been made to characterize the molecular fingerprint of inflammatory breast cancers (IBCs), unfortunately, no clinical application has emerged from these studies. Thus, we decided to utilize a different strategy to identify the Achilles' heel of IBC cells. Using shRNA libraries, we performed an unbiased genome-wide loss-of-function screen comparing the gene functions required for survival of IBC and non-IBC cells. Histone deacetylase 6 (HDAC6) emerged as one of the top genes required for IBC cell survival and was further validated.
      	HDAC6 is vital in the cell's unfolded protein response (UPR) to clear misfolded or toxic protein, and IBC cells proved to be preferentially sensitive to this aspect of HDAC6 inhibition, displaying increased protein accumulation, ER stress indicators, and subsequent apoptosis upon failure to clear or refold accumulated proteins. These data indicate HDAC6 is a crucial gene required for IBC cell line survival, in part due to its function in IBC cell UPR. Furthermore, emerging orally bioavailable agents for HDAC6 inhibition make it a promising candidate towards tailored therapeutic implementation in IBC patient trials.
Theory and application of broadband frequency invariant beamforming
Creators: name: Ward, Darren Brett
Publisher: name: The Australian National University
Year: 1996
Subjects: Broadband frequency
beamforming
beampattern
FIB
frequency invariant beamformer
GBB
general broadband beamformer
nearfield
farfield

description: In many engineering applications, including radar, sonar, communications and seismology, the direction of impinging signal wavefronts can be used to discriminate between competing sources. Often these source signals cover a wide bandwidth and conventional narrowband beamforming techniques are ineffective, since spatial resolution varies significantly across the band. In this thesis we consider the problem of beamforming for broadband signals, primarily when the spatial response remains constant as a function of frequency. This is called a frequency invariant beamformer (FIB). ¶ ...
Improved hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis index predicts prognosis of adult Epstein-Barr virus-associated HLH patients
Creators: name: Yao, Shuyan
name: He, Lingbo
name: Zhang, Ruoxi
name: Liu, Menghan
name: Hua, Zhengjie
name: Zou, Heshan
name: Wang, Zhao
name: Wang, Yini
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Mental Health
subject: Hematology
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Virology

description: Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-associated hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (EBV-HLH) is a common subtype of HLH with heterogeneous clinical presentations from self-limited to death, of which adults are worse than children. To establish predictors of mortality risk in adult EBV-HLH patients for timely and appropriate treatment. Patients with confirmed EBV-HLH admitted to Beijing Friendship Hospital from January 2015 to December 2019 were enrolled and statistical analysis of their laboratory test results was performed. Among 246 adult patients with EBV-HLH, the deceased were older (p < 0.05), with fewer blood cells (p < 0.05), poorer renal function (p < 0.01), higher levels of procalcitonin (PCT) (p < 0.01), as well as soluble interleukin-2 receptor (sCD25) (p < 0.01). The overall median survival time of patients was 135 days, 87 days for patients without transplantation and 294 days with transplantation (p < 0.001). A combined index of sCD25, PCT, and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was obtained to predict prognosis, named the Improved HLH index (IH index), and patients were divided into three groups meeting IH- (i.e. sCD25 ≤ 18,000 pg/mL, PCT ≤ 1.8 ng/mL, eGFR ≥ 90 mL/min/1.73m2), IH1+ (i.e. only sCD25 > 18,000 pg/mL or only eGFR < 90 mL/min/1.73m2), and IH2+ (i.e. the rest), respectively. In patients with the HScore ≥ 169 or meeting HLH-04, those meeting IH2+ had significantly worse prognoses than those who met IH1+ or IH- (p < 0.001). In the group meeting IH + or IH2+, patients who received allo-HSCT had better prognoses than those who did not (p < 0.05), but there was still a significant difference in prognosis among the three groups in transplanted patients (p < 0.001). The IH index can early identify adult patients with a poor prognosis of EBV-HLH, initiating timely and appropriate treatment.KEY MESSAGESA combined index of sCD25, PCT, and eGFR was obtained to predict prognosis, named the Improved Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis index (IH index).IH index can early identify adult patients with a poor prognosis of EBV-HLH, initiating timely and appropriate treatment. A combined index of sCD25, PCT, and eGFR was obtained to predict prognosis, named the Improved Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis index (IH index). IH index can early identify adult patients with a poor prognosis of EBV-HLH, initiating timely and appropriate treatment.
HEFT measurement of the hard X-ray size of the Crab Nebula and the hard X-ray optics of the Nuclear Spectroscopic Telescope Array (NuSTAR)
Creators: An, Hongjun
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2011
Subjects: Physics
Astrophysics

description: In this thesis, I discuss two topics: The High Energy Focusing Telescope (HEFT) and the Nuclear Spectroscopic Telescope Array (NuSTAR). HEFT is the first experiment done with imaging telescopes in the hard X-ray energy band (~20-70 keV). I briefly describe the instrument and the balloon campaign. The inflight calibration of the Point Spread Function (PSF) is done with a point source observation (~50 minutes of Cyg X-1 observation). With the PSF calibrated, I attempt to measuring the size of the Crab Nebula in this energy band. Analysis for aspect reconstruction, optical axis determination and the size measurement are described in detail. The size of the Crab Nebula is energy dependent due to synchrotron burn-off. The measurement of the size at different energies can provide us with important parameters for the pulsar wind nebula (PWN) model such as the magnetization parameter. With ~60 minutes of observation of the Crab Nebula with HEFT, I measure the size of the Crab Nebula at energies of 25-58 keV. The analysis technique I used for the size measurement here can be used for measuring the size of astrophysical objects whose sizes are comparable to the width of the PSF. NuSTAR is a satellite version of the HEFT experiment although the spatial and spectral resolution of the optics are improved significantly. And thus, the fabrication technique for the HEFT optics needed to be modified. I describe the fabrication technique for the NuSTAR optics, focusing on the epoxy selection and process development and the metrology systems for characterizing the figure of the glass surfaces.
Remark on the relation between passive scalars and diffusion backward in time
Creators: name: Ginanneschi, Paolo Muratore
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The theory of stochastic differential equations is exploited to derive the Hopf's identities for a passive scalar advected by a Gaussian drift field delta-correlated in time. The result holds true both for compressible and incompressible velocity field.
description: 7 pages TEX. Amended version, one error corrected
Measuring the intangible resources caregivers need to provide nurturing care during the complementary feeding period: a scoping review in low- and lower-middle-income countries
Creators: name: Craig, Hope C
name: Dickin, Katherine L
name: Zongrone, Amanda A
name: Haller, Mia
name: Cooper, Stephanie
name: Martin, Stephanie L
name: Fort, Peyton
name: Litvin, Kate
Publisher: name: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
Year: 2024

description:
OBJECTIVE: Caregivers require tangible (e.g. food and financial) and intangible resources to provide care to ensure child health, nutrition and development. Intangible resources include beliefs and knowledge, education, self-efficacy, perceived physical health, mental health, healthy stress levels, social support, empowerment, equitable gender attitudes, safety and security and time sufficiency. These intangible caregiver resources are included as intermediate outcomes in nutrition conceptual frameworks yet are rarely measured as part of maternal and child nutrition research or evaluations. To facilitate their measurement, this scoping review focused on understudied caregiver resources that have been measured during the complementary feeding period in low- and lower-middle-income countries. DESIGN: We screened 9,232 abstracts, reviewed 277 full-text articles and included 163 articles that measured caregiver resources related to complementary feeding or the nutritional status of children 6 months to 2 years of age. RESULTS: We identified measures of each caregiver resource, though the number of measures and quality of descriptions varied widely. Most articles (77 %) measured only one caregiver resource, mental health (n 83) and social support (n 54) most frequently. Psychometric properties were often reported for mental health measures, but less commonly for other constructs. Few studies reported adapting measures for specific contexts. Existing measures for mental health, equitable gender attitudes, safety and security and time sufficiency were commonly used; other constructs lacked standardised measures. CONCLUSIONS: Measurement of caregiver resources during the complementary feeding period is limited. Measuring caregiver resources is essential for prioritising caregivers and understanding how resources influence child care, feeding and nutrition.
Electron Transfer Reactivity, Synthesis, Surface Chemistry and Liquid-Membrane Transport of Sarcophagine-Type Poly-Aza Cage Complexes
Creators: name: Walker, Glen William
Publisher: name: The Australian National University
Year: 1997
Subjects: sarcophagine cage
metal complex
electron transfer
synthesis
surface activity
biological activity
supramolecular transport
enantioselective

description: The kinetics for outer-sphere electron transfer between a series of cobalt(II) poly-aza cage ligand complexes and the iron(III) sarcophagine-type hexa-aza cage complex, [Fe(sar)]3+ (sar = 3,6,10,13,16,19-hexaazabicyclo[6.6.6]icosane), in aqueous solution have been investigated and the Marcus correlation is used to deduce the electron self-exchange rate constant for the [Fe(sar)]3+/2+ couple from these cross-reactions. The deduced electron self-exchange rate constant is in relatively good agreement with the experimentally determined rate constant (k ex calc = 4 ´ 10 5 M -1 s -1 ; k ex obs = 8 ´ 10 5 M -1 s -1 ). The successful application of the Marcus correlation to the electron transfer reactions of the Fe cage complex is consistent with the trend for the Co, Mn, Ni and Ru cage complexes which all follow the pattern of outer-sphere electron transfer reactivity expected from the Marcus-Hush formalism. A comparison of predictions based on the Marcus correlation with the experimentally determined kinetics of an extended series of cross reactions involving cobalt cage complexes with low-spin-high-spin cobalt(III)/(II) couples shows that electron transfer reactions involving large spin changes at the metal centre are not necessarily anomalous in the context of the adiabatic Marcus-Hush formalism. The results of this study also show that for suitable systems, the Marcus correlation can be used to reliably calculate the rates of outer-sphere electron transfer cross-reactions, with reaction free-energy changes spanning the range -6 to -41 kJ mol -1 and many different combinations of initial electronic configurations. Together, these results provide a coherent and internally consistent set of experimental data in support of the Marcus-Hush formalism for outer-sphere electron transfer. The results with the caged metal-ion systems also highlight the special nature of the mechanism of electron transfer in reactions of metal-aqua ions. ¶ ...
Driving plasmonic nanoantennas at perfect impedance matching using generalized coherent perfect absorption
Creators: name: Grimm, Philipp
name: Razinskas, Gary
name: Huang, Jer-Shing
name: Hecht, Bert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Coherent perfect absorption (CPA) describes the absence of all outgoing modes from a lossy resonator, driven by lossless incoming modes. Here, we show that for nanoresonators that also exhibit radiative losses, e.g. plasmonic nanoantennas, a generalized version of CPA (gCPA) can be applied. In gCPA outgoing modes are sup-pressed only for a subset of (guided plasmonic) modes while other (radiative) modes are treated as additional loss channels - a situation typically referred to as perfect impedance matching. Here we make use of gCPA to show how to achieve perfect impedance matching between a single nanowire plasmonic waveguide and a plasmonic nanoantenna. Antennas with both radiant and subradiant characteristics are considered. We further demonstrate potential applications in background-free sensing.
HDAC4 Integrates PTH and Sympathetic Signaling in Osteoblasts
Creators: Makinistoglu, Munevver Parla
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Both parathyroid hormone (PTH) and the sympathetic tone promote Rankl expression in osteoblasts and osteoclast differentiation by enhancing cAMP production, through an unidentified transcription factor for PTH and ATF4 for the sympathetic tone. How two extracellular cues using the same second messenger in the same cell elicit different transcriptional events is unknown. Here we show that PTH favors Rankl expression by triggering the ubiquitination of HDAC4, a class II histone deacetylase, partly via Smurf2. HDAC4 degradation releases MEF2c that transactivates the Rankl promoter. On the other hand, sympathetic signaling in osteoblasts favors the accumulation of HDAC4 and its association with ATF4. In this setting, HDAC4 increases Rankl expression. Through this interaction with ATF4, HDAC4 also influences Osteocalcin expression, and its endocrine and cognitive functions. This study shows that through its ability to differently connect distinct extracellular cues to their genome, HDAC4 is a global regulator of osteoblast functions.
National chlorhexidine coverage and factors associated with newborn umbilical cord care in Bangladesh and Nepal: a cross-sectional analysis using household data
Creators: name: Ijdi, Rashida E.
name: Singh, Kavita
name: Hoover, Grace
name: KC, Ashish
name: Simmons, Elizabeth
name: Garriga, Bliss
Publisher: name: Springer Nature
Year: 2024

description:
Background Preventable newborn deaths are a global tragedy with many of these deaths concentrated in the first week and day of life. A simple low-cost intervention, chlorhexidine cleansing of the umbilical cord, can prevent deaths from omphalitis, an infection of the umbilical cord. Bangladesh and Nepal have national policies promoting chlorhexidine use, as well as routinely collected household survey data, which allows for an assessment of coverage and predictors of the intervention. Methods We used data from the 2017–2018 Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey and the 2016 Nepal Demographic and Health Survey, two large-scale nationally representative household surveys. We studied coverage of single application of chlorhexidine to the umbilical cord of newborns born in the past year using descriptive, bivariate and multivariable analyses. Key predictors of newborns receiving chlorhexidine cleansing, including socio-economic factors, healthcare related factors and the application of harmful and nonharmful substances, were explored in this study. Results Coverage of chlorhexidine cleansing was 15.0% in Bangladesh and 50.7% in Nepal, while the application of a harmful substance was 16.9% in Bangladesh and 22.6% in Nepal. Results from the multivariable analyses indicated that delivery in a health facility was strongly associated with a newborn’s receipt of chlorhexidine in both countries (Bangladesh: OR = 2.23, p = 0.002; Nepal: OR = 5.01, p = 0.000). In Bangladesh, delivery by Cesarean section and application of another non-harmful substance were significantly and positively associated with the receipt of chlorhexidine. In Nepal antenatal care was significantly and positively associated with chlorhexidine, while application of a harmful substance was significantly and negatively associated with receipt of chlorhexidine. Maternal education, urban/rural residence, religion and sex were not significant in the multivariable analysis. Wealth was not a significant factor in Bangladesh, but in Nepal newborns in the two highest wealth quintiles were significantly less likely to receive chlorhexidine than newborns in the lowest wealth quintile. Conclusion As Bangladesh and Nepal continue to scale-up chlorhexidine for newborn umbilical cord care, additional focus on newborns born in non-facility environments may be warranted. Chlorhexidine cleansing may have the potential to be an equitable intervention, as newborns from the poorest wealth quintiles and whose mothers had less education were not disadvantaged in receiving the intervention in these two settings.
Reclamation security deposits in Alberta
Creators: name: Chymko, N. R.
name: Brocke, Larry
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Alberta regulations require mining operators to post security deposits for reclamation. After fifteen years of administering the collection and refunding of security, the Land Conservation and Reclamation Council recognized the need to review procedures for security deposits. The key element is a “partial return” of security for reclamation work conducted prior to issuance of a final reclamation certificate for the site. The system is based on maintaining sufficient security to equal the remaining reclamation costs, returning “excess” security, removing security inequities between mines, providing a financial return and credit for reclamation work, limiting government liability, and functioning within existing legislation. The system was developed in conjunction with the mining industry, ensuring a cooperative, workable approach.
Bubble continuous positive airway pressure for children with pneumonia and hypoxaemia in Ethiopia
Creators: name: McCollum, Eric D
name: Mvalo, Tisungane
Publisher: name: Elsevier
Year: 2024

description:
In low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs), children with pneumonia and low blood oxygen levels (hypoxaemia) have a more than five times increased risk of death than children with pneumonia without hypoxaemia; approximately 7 million children with hypoxaemic pneumonia were admitted to hospital in 2019. Aside from antimicrobial drugs and low-flow oxygen, scalable child pneumonia treatments proven to reduce mortality are scarce. In The Lancet Global Health, Meseret Gebre and colleagues share promising results from an open-label, cluster-randomised controlled trial in Ethiopia assessing the risk of treatment failure in children with pneumonia and hypoxaemia at 12 secondary-level hospitals randomly assigned to bubble continuous positive airway pressure (bCPAP) or standard low-flow oxygen therapy. bCPAP provides continuous positive airway pressure and oxygen to improve hypoxaemia and respiratory mechanics in naturally breathing children. The current evidence base for bCPAP treatment of paediatric pneumonia and hypoxaemia in LMICs is mixed.
Nonrigid Reconstruction of Freehand Ultrasound without a Tracker
Creators: name: Li, Qi
name: Shen, Ziyi
name: Yang, Qianye
name: Barratt, Dean C.
name: Clarkson, Matthew J.
name: Vercauteren, Tom
name: Hu, Yipeng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Reconstructing 2D freehand Ultrasound (US) frames into 3D space without using a tracker has recently seen advances with deep learning. Predicting good frame-to-frame rigid transformations is often accepted as the learning objective, especially when the ground-truth labels from spatial tracking devices are inherently rigid transformations. Motivated by a) the observed nonrigid deformation due to soft tissue motion during scanning, and b) the highly sensitive prediction of rigid transformation, this study investigates the methods and their benefits in predicting nonrigid transformations for reconstructing 3D US. We propose a novel co-optimisation algorithm for simultaneously estimating rigid transformations among US frames, supervised by ground-truth from a tracker, and a nonrigid deformation, optimised by a regularised registration network. We show that these two objectives can be either optimised using meta-learning or combined by weighting. A fast scattered data interpolation is also developed for enabling frequent reconstruction and registration of non-parallel US frames, during training. With a new data set containing over 357,000 frames in 720 scans, acquired from 60 subjects, the experiments demonstrate that, due to an expanded thus easier-to-optimise solution space, the generalisation is improved with the added deformation estimation, with respect to the rigid ground-truth. The global pixel reconstruction error (assessing accumulative prediction) is lowered from 18.48 to 16.51 mm, compared with baseline rigid-transformation-predicting methods. Using manually identified landmarks, the proposed co-optimisation also shows potentials in compensating nonrigid tissue motion at inference, which is not measurable by tracker-provided ground-truth. The code and data used in this paper are made publicly available at https://github.com/QiLi111/NR-Rec-FUS.
description: Accepted at MICCAI 2024
Model‐Based Prediction of Irinotecan‐Induced Grade 4 Neutropenia in Cancer Patients: Influence of Incorporating Germline Genetic Factors in the Model
Creators: name: Innocenti, Federico
name: Forrest, Alan
name: Bies, Robert R.
name: van Schaik, Ron H. N.
name: Wiltshire, Tim
name: Mathijssen, Ron H. J.
name: Karas, Spinel
Publisher: name: Wiley
Year: 2024

description:
Neutropenia is the major dose-limiting toxicity of irinotecan-based therapy. The objective of this study was to assess whether inclusion of germline genetic variants into a population pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic model can improve prediction of irinotecan-induced grade 4 neutropenia and identify novel variants of clinical value. A semimechanistic population pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic model was used to predict neutrophil response over time in 197 patients receiving irinotecan. Covariate analysis was performed for demographic/clinical factors and 4,781 genetic variants in 84 drug response- and toxicity-related genes to identify covariates associated with neutrophil response. We evaluated the predictive value of the model for grade 4 neutropenia reflecting different clinical scenarios of available data on identified demographic/clinical covariates, baseline and post-treatment absolute neutrophil counts (ANCs), individual pharmacokinetics, and germline genetic variation. Adding 8 genetic identified covariates (rs10929302 (UGT1A1), rs1042482 (DPYD), rs2859101 (HLA-DQB3), rs61754806 (NR3C1), rs9266271 (HLA-B), rs7294 (VKORC1), rs1051713 (ALOX5), and ABCB1 rare variant burden) to a model using only baseline ANCs improved prediction of irinotecan-induced grade 4 neutropenia from area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC-ROC) of 50-64% (95% confidence interval (CI), 54-74%). Individual pharmacokinetics further improved the prediction to 74% (95% CI, 64-84%). When weekly ANC was available, the identified covariates and individual pharmacokinetics yielded no additional contribution to the prediction. The model including only ANCs at baseline and at week 1 achieved an AUC-ROC of 78% (95% CI, 69-88%). Germline DNA genetic variants may contribute to the prediction of irinotecan-induced grade 4 neutropenia when incorporated into a population pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic model. This approach is generalizable to drugs that induce neutropenia and ultimately allows for personalized intervention to enhance patient safety.
Solving Gauge Invariant Systems without Gauge Fixing: the Physical Projector in 0+1 Dimensional Theories
Creators: name: Govaerts, Jan
name: Klauder, John R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The projector onto gauge invariant physical states was recently constructed for arbitrary constrained systems. This approach, which does not require gauge fixing nor any additional degrees of freedom beyond the original ones---two characteristic features of all other available methods for quantising constrained dynamics---is put to work in the context of a general class of quantum mechanical gauge invariant systems. The cases of SO(2) and SO(3) gauge groups are considered specifically, and a comprehensive understanding of the corresponding physical spectra is achieved in a straightforward manner, using only standard methods of coherent states and group theory which are directly amenable to generalisation to other Lie algebras. Results extend by far the few examples available in the literature from much more subtle and delicate analyses implying gauge fixing and the characterization of modular space.
description: 32 pages, LaTeX file
Wild Panax plants adapt to their thermal environment by harboring abundant beneficial seed endophytic bacteria
Creators: name: Liu, Dong
name: Lin, Liang
name: Zhang, Tie
name: Xue, Qian
name: Wang, Mulan
name: Gao, Minghai
name: Bhople, Parag
name: W. Pritchard, Hugh
name: Yang, Xiangyun
name: Yu, Fuqiang
Publisher: name: University of Limerick
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 31
subject: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: The seed microbiome of crop wild relatives is a potential reservoir of beneficial traits that potentially improve their host plant resilience to fluctuating environments and pathogenic threats. Herein, we studied the seed microbiome of three species of the medicinal genus Panax (P. vietnamensis, P. japonicas, and P. stipuleanatus) collected from seven locations in Southwest China. We used qPCR and metabarcoding high-throughput sequencing to target both endophytic bacteria and fungi. Seed bacterial absolute abundance (1.1 × 109∼1.0 × 107 gene copy numbers per gram seed) was substantially higher than that of fungi (7.6 × 105∼3.7 × 102). Host plant genotype was the main driver of seed microbiome composition for both bacteria and fungi. Panax growing hypothermal environments significantly shaped their seed endophytic bacterial but not fungal microbiota. The three Panax species’ seeds harbored unique microbes [averaged ∼150 amplicon sequence variants (ASVs)], sharing only 12 bacterial ASVs (half affiliated to Halomonas) and four fungal ASVs. Network analysis showed that the Panax seed endophytic bacteria tend to form inter-weaved functional modules that are majorly connected by core members from the genus Halomonas, Pseudomonas, and Pantoea. These genera have been associated with nutrient cycling, plant, disease suppression, and tolerance to environmental fluctuation. Together, these novel insights may shade light on the ecological strategies of wild Panax plants adaptation to their thermal environment by possessing abundant beneficial seed endophytic bacteria.