cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The Chatbot Will See You Now
Creators: name: Stiefel, Scott
Publisher: name: Science and Technology Law Review
Year: 2019

description: Chatbots are a form of artificial intelligence that can read text, or translate voice to text, and provide a response. While they have existed since the 1960’s, they have recently been used to provide a form of therapy through software applications (“apps”). However, unlike licensed professionals who provide traditional mental health services, chatbots are not subject to confidentiality obligations. Currently, federal and state regulations that impose confidentiality obligations in the healthcare context do not apply to chatbots, and the regulations that do apply to chatbots do not impose such obligations. Because users engaging with these apps disclose information similar to information disclosed during a therapy session, this Article proposes a new regulatory framework, through new legislation, to limit the use and disclosure of information received by softwarebased therapy technologies.
description: Science and Technology Law Review, Vol 20 No 2: 2018-2019
Howey Should be Distributing Cryptocurrencies
Creators: name: Van Adrichem, Benjamin
Publisher: name: Science and Technology Law Review
Year: 2019

description: The purpose of this Note is to determine which cryptocurrency initial distribution methods involve the offering of securities as regulated by the 1933 Securities Act. The primary legal issue is the Howey test. This test identifies whether an offering is an investment contract, and thus subject to regulation by the 1933 Securities Act, based on whether it involves an investment of money in a common enterprise, in which investors are led to expect profits from the efforts of a promoter or third party. The distribution methods discussed are mining, airdropping, forking, and initial coin offerings (“ICOs”). Mining, airdropping and forking are likely not investment contracts, but initial coin offerings likely are. However, regulators should make it clear that mining, airdropping and forking are acceptable practices. Furthermore, they should proceed with a light touch when regulating initial coin offerings, except in the case of fraud. In particular, the ICO community in partnership with government should instigate a system where ‘crypto-underwriters’ vet ICOs and the crypto-underwriters are regulated by the SEC.
description: Science and Technology Law Review, Vol 20 No 2: 2018-2019
The Limits of Online Price Discrimination in Europe
Creators: name: Sears, Alan M.
Publisher: name: Science and Technology Law Review
Year: 2020

description: As big data capabilities have increased, so too has the potential for price discrimination. Price discrimination occurs when sellers offer goods and services at different prices to different consumers. Profiles of consumers can be created based on a variety of factors, such as their location, past purchases or behaviors online, or, more frequently, a large number offactors that, when combined, enables sellers to serve tailored prices based on differences between consumer profiles. In addition to these algorithmic forms of price discrimination, simpler methods are also in use, such as basing prices solely on the basis of a consumer’s IP address. This article aims to provide a comprehensive mapping of the boundaries of online price discrimination in Europe. While few legal provisions speak directly to online price discrimination or personalized pricing, a number of areas of law likely have a bearing on the extent to which price discrimination is legally permitted. As such, this article will examine competition law, consumer protection law, data protection law, and non-discrimination law in order to determine where online price discrimination may constitute noncompliance with one of the relevant provisions, as well as to denote where it appears that the framework is ill-equipped to adequately address the practice. Practical and sociological aspects relating to both online price discrimination and the application of the legal frameworks in these areas are also incorporated.
description: Science and Technology Law Review, Vol 21 No 1: 2019-2020
The Third Industrial Revolution
Creators: name: Smith, Bradford
Publisher: name: Science and Technology Law Review
Year: 2019

description: The Internet heralds the onset of a third industrial revolution, one based in technological advances in software, hardware and telecommunications. These technological advances are transforming commercial practices, generating substantial gains in productivity and opening new avenues for political and social expression. But like the industrial revolutions that preceded it, the Internet revolution raises difficult legal and social issues, which in turn have generated a growing body of laws and regulatory proposals. This article seeks to provide an analytic structure for addressing and resolving the legal and policy challenges raised by the Internet. It endorses the use of self-regulatory and other extra-legal solutions to these challenges, but argues that governments should establish a supportive regulatory framework and should ensure that proposed solutions ultimately represent the public interest. This approach also seeks to look beyond traditional notions of the public and private sectors’ respective roles and to articulate a model that harnesses each sector’s unique strengths and abilities in reaching viable, practical solutions to online problems. Four themes form the cornerstones of this approach: (1) liberal use of market-based solutions; (2) reliance on technology solutions for problems rooted in technology; (3) recognition of government’s multi-faceted role in responding to online challenges; and (4) support for broader international harmonization of applicable rules. This article also examines two prominent schools of legal scholarship in this area and argues that, while each provides valuable insights into law’s relationship to the Internet, neither position offers a compelling response to key online legal and policy issues.
description: Science and Technology Law Review, Vol 3: 2001-2002
Attack of the Clones… and the Issues of Clones
Creators: name: Lesko, Paul
name: Buckley, Kevin
Publisher: name: Science and Technology Law Review
Year: 2019

description: Shortly after Advanced Cell Technology, Inc.’s announcement of their successful cloning of a human embryo, a worldwide uproar ensued culminating in both President Bush and the Vatican denouncing all types of human cloning. Since then, the national and international legislative landscape has changed dramatically. A number of foreign legislatures as well as the U.S. House of Representatives acted quickly attempting to outlaw human cloning and other aspects of human cloning. Now as the U.S. Senate begins debating these issues, it is important to engage in a detailed legal and economic analysis of the impact human cloning will have on the international community. Part I of this article is a hypothetical situation, which exemplifies some of the difficult situations that should be addressed by comprehensive human cloning legislation. Part II examines the processes of reproductive and therapeutic human cloning as well as their future markets. Part III discusses the current international and national legislation regulating human cloning. Part IV discusses the future of legislation in the United States as well as a number of factors which need to be addressed to draft comprehensive legislation.
description: Science and Technology Law Review, Vol 3: 2001-2002
Patent Law
Creators: name: Beckerman-Rodau, Andrew
Publisher: name: Science and Technology Law Review
Year: 2019

description: This article addresses the contemporary issue of balancing the need for patent protection for intellectual property with the resulting restriction of public access to new technology. The author argues that patent law protects private property rights rather than creating monopolies. Additionally, the author discusses how restricting access to patented technology, such as pharmaceuticals, can affect public health problems, such as the HIV/AIDS epidemic in developing nations. The author then concludes with some proposals for making patented technology available to people in developing nations who need access to such technology but who are unable to afford its high costs due to patent protection.
description: Science and Technology Law Review, Vol 4: 2002-2003
Software, Sovereignty and the Internet
Creators: name: Bains, Manavinder Singh
Publisher: name: Science and Technology Law Review
Year: 2019

description: This article explores the applicability, enforceability and logic of anti-circumvention provisions under international copyright law. The author suggests that digital copyrights should be enforced internationally via anti-circumvention measures prohibiting international trafficking in circumvention technologies under the Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPs), which was put into effect by the World Trade Organization’s Multilateral Trade Negotiations in 1994. Since the adoption of this proposal could arguably limit international access to digital content, the article sets forth a proposal for exactly how TRIPs could be amended without limiting such access. Further, the article establishes an economic rationale for implementing the proposed amendment to TRIPs. The article also discusses how the proposed amendment might be implemented and the broad policy debate arising from its implementation.
description: Science and Technology Law Review, Vol 4: 2002-2003
2006 Drosophila Genetics and Genomics Course Notes
Creators: name: Bergman, Casey
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Notes from 2006 Drosophila Genetics and Genomics Course in Hinxton, UK. Notes were taken by Casey Bergman on Lectures by Michael Asburner, Scott Hawley, Brian Charlesworth, Greg Gibson, Daniel St. Johnston, Kent Golic, Bruce Baker, Bambos Kyriacou and Steve Russell.
Regulating Reproductive Genetics
Creators: name: Riley, Margaret Foster
name: Merrill, Richard
Publisher: name: Science and Technology Law Review
Year: 2019

description: Many people are now advocating expanded government regulation of research and clinical use of reproductive technologies. Although many of these technologies have been in use or anticipated for more than twenty-five years, and a number of bioethics commissions have considered regulation of them, efforts to develop broad national regulation have largely failed. This article examines the role that government institutions can play and have played in designing regulation of assisted reproduction and reproductive technologies. We review the history of national commissions as proponents and architects of regulation and explore how their structure, mission, and political placement have influenced their success or failure. We then compare the experience of the United States to that of Great Britain which established the Human Fertilization and Embryology Authority (HFEA) in 1990 and consider whether the HFEA might be a model for future regulation in the United States. We conclude that bioethics commissions can play an important role in formulating policy but they cannot create necessary political consensus if that consensus is lacking. Moreover, while the United States can glean important lessons from the British experience, the two countries’ political, legal, and medical cultures differ in ways that suggest importation of the British model would be difficult and perhaps unwise.
description: Science and Technology Law Review, Vol 6: 2004-2005
HUMANIZAÇÃO E ARQUITETURA EM CUIDADOS PALIATIVOS: UM OLHAR SOBRE O ASSISI HOSPICE, SINGAPURA.
Creators: name: Santos, Mayara Alves dos
name: Concatto, Suzane
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025
Subjects: humanização
arquitetura
cuidados paliativos

description: Aiação deste projeto representa uma iniciativa crucial para melhorar a qualidade de vida e o bem-estar dos pacientes com câncer em estágio avançado, além de oferecer suporte essencial para suas famílias e cuidadores. Por meio de uma abordagem multidisciplinar e centrada no paciente, este projeto busca oferecer um ambiente que promova o conforto, a dignidade e o apoio integral aos indivíduos enfrentando essa jornada desafiadora.
2008 Drosophila Genetics and Genomics Course Notes
Creators: name: Bergman, Casey
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Notes from 2008 Drosophila Genetics and Genomics Course in Suzhou, China. Notes were taken by Casey Bergman on Lectures by Michael Asburner, Scott Hawley, Haipeng Li and Chau-Ti Ting.
A Review of the Alignment of the Republic of Uganda's Draft Agriculture Sector Strategic Plan with the Malabo Commitments with Regard to Food Security and Nutritio
Creators: name: Olivier, Nic
name: Mkandawire, Elizabeth
name: Hendriks, Sheryl
name: Olivier, Nic
name: Mkandawire, Elizabeth
name: Hendriks, Sheryl
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: International Development
subject: Food Security Group
subject: Michigan State University
subject: Innovation Lab for Food Security Policy
subject: Uganda
subject: Input Use and Market Development
subject: Nutrition
subject: Policy Research and Capacity Building

description: Key Points to Consider: It is essential that NAIPs: -Align to the SDGs, Agenda 2063, the Malabo Declaration and the long term national vision and medium term growth and development plan to ensure coherence in development efforts. -Malabo CAADP NAIPs seek to move beyond production to encompass inclusive economic growth, poverty reduction and the creation of employment through agricultural transformation agendas to achieve food security and nutrition for all. -Food security should be adequately conceptualized, including all four elements namely availability, access, nutrition and stability/resilience. Programs based only on production activities will not achieve the Malabo targets. -Strong and streamlined coordination structures are essential for effective coordination of comprehensive programs for food security and nutrition. Key messages regarding the zero draft of the Ugandan Agriculture Sector Strategic Plan 2015/16 – 2019/20 -The ASSP is reportedly the operationalization strategy for the National Agriculture Policy (NAP) and as it stands does not cover all the elements necessary for a NAIP. -A disconnect in the positioning of food security and nutrition exists across the Constitution, the Vision 2040, the NDP II, the NAP and the ASSP. -Coordination structures are unclear.
Performance of table grape cultivars on different rootstocks in an arid climate
Creators: name: Spiegel-Roy, P.
name: Kochba, J.
name: Lavee, S.
Publisher: name: VITIS - Journal of Grapevine Research
Year: 2017

description: The performance of the table grape varieties Queen of the Vineyards, Muscat of Hamburg and Dabouki on eight different rootstocks, was studied in the arid Negev, on a loess soil under irrigation. The highest yields (nine years of bearing) from Queen of the Vineyards were recorded on 161-49, followed by 1202 and 99 R; from Muscat of Hamburg on ownroot plants, 41 B and 110 R; from Dabouki on 41 B, 110 R and 161-49. Maximum vigor in Queen of the Vineyards was obtained on 1202, followed by own-root plants and 1103; in Muscat of Hamburg, on 140 R and 1202; in Dabouki, 0n 110 R and 1202. Highest relative fruitfulness (ratio of total crop per total weight of prunings) 1Jf Queen of the Vineyards was found on 161-49, followed by 41 B and 216-3; of Muscat of Hamburg, on 110 Rand 41 B; of Dabouki, on 41 B and 216-3. No correlation was noted between the ranking of stionic combinations as to vigor and their ranking as yielders. There was a marked tendency toward decreased vigor with age, except on 140 with all three varieties, on 1103 and 1202 with Muscat, on 216-3 with Dabouki, and on 1103 with Queen of the Vineyards. A comparatively large overgrowth in the Dabouki variety with some rootstocks n.id not impair performance. Great variation was noted in the performance of different varieties of V. vinifera on their own roots; high relative yields were obtained with Muscat of Hamburg, and low yield with Queen of the Vineyards. Only small differences were found in quality, cluster weight and berry weight on different rootstocks.
description: VITIS - Journal of Grapevine Research, Vol. 10 No. 3 (1971): Vitis
An Analysis of Interstate Truck Rates of Hauling Raw Cotton in the Southeastern United States
Creators: name: Potter, Joseph R.
name: Potter, Joseph R.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1965
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods

description: In 1963 the Commodity Credit Corporation office in New Orleans surveyed warehouses approved for storage of Government-loan cotton. The information gathered provided the Department with its most complete national cotton traffic flow pattern in over 30 years. It showed a shift from rail to truck in moving cotton from warehouses in certain Cotton Belt areas, particularly in the Southeast. The motortruck has emerged as the dominant carrier of cotton grown within the Southeast.
description: Article Reprinted from The Marketing and Transportation Situation May 1965
Chemical thinning of grape clusters (Vitis vinifera L.)
Creators: name: Weaver, R. J.
name: Pool, R. M.
Publisher: name: VITIS - Journal of Grapevine Research
Year: 2017

description: Twelve thinning compounds were tested at 0.1 to 4,000 ppm on 'Carignane' and 'Thompson Seedless' clusters at 4 developmental stages (prebloom, bloom, fruit-set, and 2 weeks after fruit-set). Clusters were usually least sensitive to the compounds ut post fruit-set and, in general, 'Thompson Seedless' was more sensitive than 'Carignane'. On 'Thompson Seedless' the morphactin IT 5733 had a wider activity range than IT 5732 or IT 4433. Potassium iodide reduced set when applied at prebloom or bloom. Ethephon was usually effective at some concentration at all growth stages. Ascorbic acid, iso-ascorbic acid, and Pennthin usually were not significantly effective in thinning either cultivar. The 3-CPA had a wide range of activity on both cultivars at most stages of growth, and this compound at 10 ppm reduced number of berries at bloom and fruit set for 'Carignane' and 'Thompson Seedless', respectively. Iodoacetic acid at 1,000 ppm was effective in reducing number of berries in both cultivars at all growth stages. The 4-CPA at 100 ppm was effective at prebloom stage en 'Carignane', and .'.lt bloom on 'Thompson Seedless'. Salicylic acid at 1,000 ppm effectively reduced number of berries of each cultivar when applied at fruit-set stage.
description: VITIS - Journal of Grapevine Research, Vol. 10 No. 3 (1971): Vitis
An Empirical Study On Emotional Intelligence And Work Performance
Creators: name: A. Anbazhagan
name: S. K. Nagarajan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2013
Subjects: Economics

description: In recent years, Emotional Intelligence (EI) has been a popular topic of debate in the field of
management. It has been praised as a successful predictor of job performance. Many organizations are recognizing
the importance of EI at their workplace as well as in job performance. Emotional Intelligence is the ability to
understand ones emotions and inspire, influence and understand other people's emotions. At workplace the
individuals have to deal with social teams, friends, high profile people, leaders, a boss and more. The best way to be
effective in taking quick and effective decisions is to use emotions. EI is the set of abilities that helps to get along in
life with other people in all kinds of situations. Emotional intelligence was found to be positively associated with
work experience.
MPEC 2024-V56 : 2024 UA18
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2024 UA18

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
A COMPLETE STUDY ON PARTIAL FINGERPRINTS, INCOMPLETELY TOUCHING FINGERPRINT SCANNING AND LATENT FINGERPRINTS
Creators: name: Nayak, Ramesh Sunder
name: Mahammad K Bammanalli
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2013
Subjects: Applied Computer Science

description: Biometric helps in identifying the individual's physiological also behavioral attributes.In the current
biometric system fingerprint is very well known one. As a means of access control and criminal identification,
Automated Fingerprint Identification Systems (AFIS) are widely utilized. The objective of this review paper is to
summarize the well- known approaches used in Preprocessing, Minutiae Extraction and Post processing of
Fingerprint systems.
Evidence for a genetic difference in berry weight between Sultana vines
Creators: name: Antcliff, A. J.
Publisher: name: VITIS - Journal of Grapevine Research
Year: 2017

description: Comparison of a number of Sultana clones has shown reproducible differences in berry weight and total soluble solids in the berry. A genetic basis for small berries on one clone is indicated, there being no effect on the berry weight of either clone in a reciprocal grafting experiment with this and a larger berried clone. Belege für einen genetisch bedingten Unterschied im Beerengewicht zwischen Sultana-Reben Der Vergleich einer Anzahl von Sultana-Klonen zeigte reproduzierbare Unterschiede beim Beerengewicht und der gesamten löslichen Substanz der Beere. Es liegen Hinweise für eine genetische Basis der Kleinbeerigkeit bei einem Klon vor; hier wird bei einem reziproken Pfropfungsexperiment mit diesem und einem größerbeerigen Klon das Beerengewicht der beiden Klone nicht beeinflußt.
description: VITIS - Journal of Grapevine Research, Vol. 12 No. 1 (1973): Vitis
Estimating fruitfulness of grape-vine buds by forced bursting in summer in the tropics of India
Creators: name: Khanduja, S. D.
name: Abbas, S.
Publisher: name: VITIS - Journal of Grapevine Research
Year: 2017

description: Potential productivity of the grapevine in the climate of northern India can be estimated by forcing the buds to grow on the selected canes which may be pruned in June, soon after the harvest of the crop. Schätzung der Fruchtbarkeit von Rebenknospen durch Austriebsförderung während des Sommers in den Tropen Indiens Der potentielle Ertrag der Rebe im Klima Nordindiens kann geschätzt werden, indem man die Knospen an ausgewählten Tragruten zum Austrieb zwingt; an diesen wird im Juni gleich nach der Traubenlese der Holzschnitt vorgenommen.
description: VITIS - Journal of Grapevine Research, Vol. 12 No. 1 (1973): Vitis
Maturity responses of Sultanina grapes to gibberellic acid treatments
Creators: name: Guelfat-Reich, Sylvia
name: Safran, B.
Publisher: name: VITIS - Journal of Grapevine Research
Year: 2017

description: Sultanina vines were sprayed once or twice after berry set and twice - one spray at bloom and one after set, with 20 ppm GA3 • There was a retarding effect on ripening of the double late sprays in comparison with the other treatments and with the non-sprayed vines; it was expressed in the lower sugar content and the higher acid content of the grapes. Der Einfluß von Gibberellinsäure-Behandlungen auf die Reife von Sultanina-Reben Sultanina-Reben wurden ein- oder zweimal nach dem Beerenansatz sowie zweimal - in der Blüte und nach dem Ansatz - mit 20 ppm GA3 besprüht. Die zweifache späte Behandlung bewirkte eine Verzögerung der Beerenreife, verglichen mit den ande,·en Behandlungen und der Kontrolle; diese Reifeverzögerung äußerte sich in einem geringeren Zucker- und einem höheren Säuregehalt.
description: VITIS - Journal of Grapevine Research, Vol. 12 No. 1 (1973): Vitis
No Good Deed Goes Un-Litigated
Creators: name: Simard, Philippe
Publisher: name: Science and Technology Law Review
Year: 2018

description: The reclassification of broadband as a Title II service was a giant economic success for edge providers. The FCC, by subjecting ISPs to “common carrier” regulation and outlawing practices like “throttling,” transferred the financial burden of network build-out onto ISPs by law.31 Similarly, the FCC entertained the possibility that edge providers would be forced by ISPs to help pay for infrastructure build-out when they repealed the reclassification. Whether or not one supports these changes depends on preferred policy positions, and scholars on both sides thoroughly commented on the debate.32 More importantly, for the purposes of this Note, the model of net neutrality regulation would give edge providers an important regulatory weapon built into Title II—the private right of action. This regulatory weapon could threaten the basic fairness of the Internet marketplace and should be avoided if net neutrality is to be made law again.
description: Science and Technology Law Review, Vol 19 No 2: 2017-2018
Artificial Authors
Creators: name: Brown, Nina I.
Publisher: name: Science and Technology Law Review
Year: 2019

description: For years, computers have dominated humans at chess, poker, and even Jeopardy!. Now, they are competing in the arts. Increasingly sophisticated artificial intelligence is creating music, art, and stories. Though the purpose of copyright law is to encourage this exact type of artistic production, none of these works are protected, because the United States Copyright Office has determined that only humans can author copyrightable works. This requirement—not mandated by the Constitution or Congress—was developed in an era where computer-generated creativity worth protecting was simply unimaginable. But years have passed, technology has advanced, and machines are now capable of developing dynamic and even award-winning creative works. Instead of accepting that the law must lag behind technology, this Article explores whether copyright law can—and should—evolve.
description: Science and Technology Law Review, Vol 20 No 1: 2018-2019
Distributed Ledger Technologies and Corruption
Creators: name: Marks, Jesse
Publisher: name: Science and Technology Law Review
Year: 2019

description: As futurists continue to speculate about DLTs’ seemingly limitless potential, and as pilots begin on a range of potential applications of the technology to anti-corruption efforts, this Article contextualizes these developments and considers DLTs’ big-picture implications. This Article proceeds in five parts. Part II provides a brief background on DLTs: what they are, what they do, and where they originate. Part III positions this discussion within the broader anti-corruption literature and offers a framework for government officials, aid agencies, and reformers considering whether to deploy new technologies in the fight against corruption. Applying that framework to DLTs, Part IV identifies three anti-corruption use cases for which governments should particularly consider DLTs. Part IV also examines some of the key risks in using blockchains to fight corruption and outlines strategies governments can use to mitigate those risks. Part V recommends some short- and long-term steps for governments interested in exploring DLTs. Part VI concludes with a note of caution about the rapidly evolving nature of these technologies.
description: Science and Technology Law Review, Vol 20 No 1: 2018-2019
Making Sense of the Arab Revolution and Occupy: Visual Analytics to Understand Events
Creators: name: Ploeger, Thomas
name: Armenta, Bibiana
name: Aroyo, Lora
name: Bakker, Frank De
name: Hellsten, Iina
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Applied Computer Science

description: Knowledge on the Web comes in ever larger amounts and in a wider variety of structure and semantics that ever before. In order to exploit this knowledge in dierent applications, many researchers investigate techniques for making sense of Web data. Objects that the techniques try to identify and extract are, for example, people, organizations, and locations. Many applications though observe how events play an increasingly more important role. Capturing and extracting events for sense making analysis is what this research is aiming for, and in this paper we present the rst results and contributions from our research. We consider how events get extracted, how they get conceptualized, and how visual analytics helps to make sense of the represented events. All of this is illustrated in a representative example where driven by questions from social scientists we apply our pipeline to the domain of activism, e.g. Occupy, Arab Revolution.
Contractual Indescendibility
Creators: name: Reed, Lars Torleif
Publisher: name: Science and Technology Law Review
Year: 2019

description: With the rise of user-generated online content, a new form of asset has emerged: income-generating digital accounts (IGDAs), such as YouTube accounts. These accounts can be extremely lucrative financial assets for the account holder. However, due to their contractual nature, IGDAs and their accompanying revenue are difficult—if not impossible—to pass on through normal inheritance. This Article explores the legal framework surrounding inheritance of digital assets, the hurdles to inheritance presented by federal antihacking statutes, and recent efforts to improve fiduciary access to digital assets. I argue that both current laws and proposed reforms fail to resolve adequately the issues surrounding IGDAs, and that legislative reform of digital inheritance law is required. I propose facilitating inheritability through statutorily implied contractual terms.
description: Science and Technology Law Review, Vol 20 No 1: 2018-2019
The New Irony of Free Speech
Creators: name: Yemini, Moran
Publisher: name: Science and Technology Law Review
Year: 2019

description: In his The Irony of Free Speech, published in 1996, Professor Owen Fiss argues that the traditional understanding of freedom of speech, as a shield from interference by the state, ended up fostering a system that benefited a small number of media corporations and other private actors, while silencing the many who did not possess any comparable expressive capacity. Conventional wisdom says that by dramatically lowering the access barriers to speech, the Internet has provided a solution to the twentieth-century problem of expressive inequality identified by Fiss and others. As this Article will demonstrate, however, the digital age presents a new irony of free speech, whereby the very system of free expression that provides more expressive capacity to individuals than ever before also systematically diminishes their liberty to speak. The popular view of the Internet as the ultimate promoter of freedom of expression is, therefore, too simplistic. In reality, the Internet, in its current state, strengthens one aspect of freedom (the capacity aspect) while weakening another (the liberty aspect), trading liberty for capacity. This Article will explore the process through which expressive capacity has become a definitive element of freedom in the digital ecosystem, at the expense of liberty. The process of diminishing liberty in the digital ecosystem occurs along six related dimensions: interference from multiple sources, state-encouraged private interference, multiple modes of interference, new-media concentration, lack of anonymity, and lack of inviolability. The result of these liberty-diminishing dimensions of our current system of free expression, taken together, is that while we may be able to speak more than ever before, it is doubtful that we are able to speak freely.
description: Science and Technology Law Review, Vol 20 No 1: 2018-2019
Student pilots' perception of the effects of consuming energy drinks
Creators: name: J Perezgonzalez
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Aerospace Engineering
subject: FOS: Mechanical engineering

description: Bliss & Depperschmidt carried out research into the perceived physical, psychological and practical effects of energy drinks among student pilots in 2010. This article provides a meta-analysis done on the original results. Overall, the students agreed that energy drinks had some negative practical effects on flying but disagreed that they posed physical or psychological effects. The sample used comprised only student pilots from a particular location in the USA. If at all, findings may only be generalized to similar populations. This being said, the study does give direction for future research on the effects of energy drink consumption because it identifies what areas student pilots believe are affected by such consumption. (Also available on WikiofScience.)
Section 230(c)(1) of the Communications Decency Act and the Common Law of Defamation
Creators: name: Sharp-Wasserman, Julio
Publisher: name: Science and Technology Law Review
Year: 2019

description: Section 230 of the Communications Decency Act (CDA), codified in the early days of the Internet, immunizes online intermediaries, such as operators of websites, from liability for the speech or conduct of their users. The impact of this provision has been not only profound, but also controversial, partly because it has been applied with rigid consistency in a wide variety of legal contexts, from defamation to housing discrimination to false advertising to human trafficking. This Note proposes that the judicial application of CDA § 230 to defamation liability is unique, in that defamation law would not be measurably different if Congress had not passed this provision. This thesis has a doctrinal component: courts applying the common law of defamation, which incorporates First Amendment law, likely would reach similar conclusions to courts applying CDA § 230 to defamation liability. This thesis also incorporates a comparison of legal realities in defamation cases against online intermediaries. First, there likely would be a comparable degree of legal uniformity in defamation law across jurisdictions. Second, and especially relevant from the standpoint of litigation costs, pre-trial dismissal would be available under the same circumstances. The implications of this thesis are debatable: this Note might undermine the wisdom of other applications of CDA § 230 that do not implicate freedom of speech concerns; however, it certainly bolsters the constitutional legitimacy of CDA § 230’s application to speech torts.
description: Science and Technology Law Review, Vol 20 No 1: 2018-2019
The Truth About OSS-FRAND
Creators: name: Kappos, David J.
name: Harrington, Miling Y.
Publisher: name: Science and Technology Law Review
Year: 2019

description: Open source software (“OSS”) has inevitably found its way into standards that contain standard essential patents (“SEPs”). However, some questions remain as to whether OSS licensing is inherently compatible with the FRAND licensing (“fair, reasonable, and non-discriminatory”) that governs SEPs. Some argue that a license's compliance with the Open Source Initiative’s “Open Source Definition” (“OSD”) has always been understood to preclude patent royalties for the licensor by implicitly granting patent rights to the licensee. This Comment examines the historical record and finds no significant support for the notion that OSD-compliant licenses generally convey patent rights and thus preclude patent royalties.
description: Science and Technology Law Review, Vol 20 No 2: 2018-2019
OSS and FRAND
Creators: name: Lindberg, Van
Publisher: name: Science and Technology Law Review
Year: 2019

description: In The Truth About OSS-FRAND, David Kappos and Miling Harrington argue that it is both permissible and desirable to charge FRAND (“fair, reasonable, and non-discriminatory”) royalties on open source software (“OSS”) that is incorporated into a standard containing standard-essential patents (“SEPs”). In arguing that OSS and FRAND are compatible in this way, Kappos and Harrington take the position that when standard-setting communities intentionally incorporate OSS-licensed code into a standard, it is the royalty-free status of open source that should give way, not the payment of the FRAND-based royalty. This Comment examines the Open Source Definition (“OSD”), the text of OSD-compliant licenses, and discussions surrounding their creation to conclude, contrary to Kappos and Harrington, that essentially every OSD-compliant open-source license includes a royalty-free patent grant, which precludes the imposition of FRAND-based royalties. Standard-setting organizations that wish to charge FRAND royalties ultimately have the same option that commercial enterprises have when dealing with open source: respect OSD licenses, including their implied royalty-free patent grants, or create an alternative commercial license that conveys no patent grant.
description: Science and Technology Law Review, Vol 20 No 2: 2018-2019
Novel Features of Considerable Biologic Interest
Creators: name: Holland, Thomas D.
Publisher: name: Science and Technology Law Review
Year: 2019

description: DNA has become a fixture of modern society, so much so that much of the recent debate on the so-called “CSI effect” was actually a debate on the extent to which the general public has come to expect that DNA will play a role in even the most routine criminal cases. Expectations notwithstanding, DNA is unarguably a powerful forensic tool, one that almost seems to beg for its own set of rules—a “genetic exceptionalism” perhaps. In no area is this more debated than in the realm of “abandoned DNA,” i.e., DNA that is abandoned in the course of everyday activities, often unconsciously and unwittingly. Abandoned DNA, like abandoned property generally, falls outside of the protection of the Fourth Amendment by virtue of having been abandoned, and it may be collected by law enforcement without the benefit of a warrant. Many scholars argue that abandoned DNA is particularly in need of an exception that would bring it within the Fourth Amendment’s protection rather than to exclude it like other abandoned property, but there is no ready legal analogue for such action, and we should be wary of crafting one. Abandoned DNA, as its name implies, has its legal roots deep in the soil of abandoned property, and the existing body of abandonedproperty law provides a workable framework with which to analyze DNA issues. In this regard, abandoned DNA differs very little from other unconsciously and unwittingly abandoned human markers, such as fingerprints. To adopt an exception whereby abandoned DNA is given Fourth Amendment protection leads logically to an unworkable end state. If protection is sought for DNA privacy, it needs to come through statute rather than shoehorning it in under the Fourth Amendment.
description: Science and Technology Law Review, Vol 20 No 2: 2018-2019
Nutritional balance of cheese
Creators: name: J Perezgonzalez
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2013
Subjects: Medicine

description: Perezgonzalez assessed the nutritional balance of cheese in 2012, as part of a research on the nutritional composition of food in New Zealand. Cheese had, on average, a nutritional unbalance of BNI 125.09-c, being particularly biased towards deficiency in carbohydrate. It was also adequate in sugar, high in protein, fat, saturated fat and sodium, and low in fiber. Cheese appeared more unbalanced according to the World Health Organization's Recommended Dietary Intakes (RDIs), but less unbalanced according to those of Australia, the UK and the US. (Also available on WikiofScience.)
Nutritional balance of cheese (inferential statistics)
Creators: name: J Perezgonzalez
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2013
Subjects: Medicine

description: Perezgonzalez assessed the nutritional balance of cheese in 2012, as part of a research on the nutritional composition of food in New Zealand. The population of cheeses appears unbalanced and it can be inferred, with a 95% degree of confidence, that the median nutritional balance is located somewhere between BNI 123 and BNI 132, and the mean between BNI 126 and BNI 134, thus indicative of a tendency (skewness) towards higher unbalance. Similar nutritional profiles appear when using other international recommended dietary intakes (RDIs), although correlations between indexes are moderate to high. (Also available on WikiofScience.)
Nutritional balance of cheese (descriptive statistics)
Creators: name: J Perezgonzalez
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2013
Subjects: Medicine

description: Perezgonzalez assessed the nutritional balance of cheese in 2012, as part of a research on the nutritional composition of food in New Zealand. The median was located at BNI 127.54 and the middle 68% of products ranged between BNI 123 (P16) and BNI 143 (P84). There was a slight positive skewness (mean=130.12, zSkew=1.67) but, overall, the distribution approached a normal distribution. Correlations between international indexes and the BNI were high, but moderately to high between themselves. (Also available on WikiofScience.)
The Veils of Death: Understanding Dying in Residential Aged Care - a Discourse Analysis of Policy
Creators: name: O'Connor, Margaret
Publisher: name: La Trobe
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 420502
subject: Aged care nursing
classificationCode: 420316
subject: Palliative care

description: A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Nursing to the School of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, La Trobe University, Victoria, Australia.
title: Application of statistical techniques and artificial intelligence in tax auditing: a comprehensive examination of estimation methods and audit approaches
Creators: name: Schmallowsky, Katrin
name: Schmallowsky, Thomas
Publisher: name: Fachinformationsdienst für internationale und interdisziplinäre Rechtsforschung
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 340

description: In dieser Arbeit werden verschiedene statistische Verfahren und Methoden behandelt, die vor allem in Wirtschaftsprüfungen und Steuerprüfungen eingesetzt werden. Angefangen bei der Monetary Unit Sampling (MUS) als Stichprobentechnik, über die Quantilsschätzung als Methode zur Schätzung der Werte in einer Verteilungsfunktion, bis hin zur Zeitbasierten Schätzung und Analyse von Zeitreihen. Des Weiteren werden die Konzepte und Anwendungen der Ziffernanalyse, der Struktur- und Verteilungsanalyse sowie der summarischen Risikoprüfung und des Stichprobenverfahrens in der Betriebsprüfung beschrieben. Jedes Kapitel diskutiert die jeweiligen Techniken und Methoden in Bezug auf ihre Bedeutung, Vorteile, Anwendung und Interpretation der Ergebnisse.
Effect of synthesis parameters on the structural characteristics and photo-catalytic activity of ordered mesoporous titania
Creators: name: Mohammed, Ahmed Mudhafar
Publisher: name: Universität Rostock
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 540 Chemistry & allied sciences

description: In this dissertation, pristine ordered, metal- (Fe, Co, and Ni), and nonmetal- (N) doped ordered mesoporous titania were synthesized via co-precipitation using the EISA method combined with the LCT pathway. In addition, for un-doped mesoporous TiO2, various parameters were systematically varied including solvent evaporation temperature, surfactant extraction conditions, molar surfactant/titanium ratio, and titanium source. Moreover, the photocatalytic activity of the synthesized materials was evaluated in the photodegradation of phenol under various irradiation sources.
title: Kommentierung zu Art. 8 SchKG
Creators: name: Aggteleky, Tobias
name: Carr, Philip
Publisher: name: Fachinformationsdienst für internationale und interdisziplinäre Rechtsforschung
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 340

description: Bundesgesetz über Schuldbetreibung und Konkurs (SchKG)
title: Kommentierung zu Art. 8a SchKG
Creators: name: Aggteleky, Tobias
name: Carr, Philip
Publisher: name: Fachinformationsdienst für internationale und interdisziplinäre Rechtsforschung
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 340

description: Bundesgesetz über Schuldbetreibung und Konkurs (SchKG)
Solotvyno Community-based Risk Evaluation Approach (CREA) Hungarian Questionnaire
Creators: name: Onencan, Abby Muricho
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: risk evaluation approaches
disaster risk reduction (DRR)
uncertainty
complexity
ambiguity
decision-making
Solotvyno municipality
risk reduction measures
tolerability and acceptability judgments.

description: This study is part of the larger European Union ImProDiReT project. More information on this project can be found on http://www.improdiret.eu/. The purpose of the household survey was to evaluate the level of acceptance, tolerability or intolerability to the land subsidence risk in the Solotvyno municipality. The survey was conducted through the major schools in Solotvyno and coordinated by the English-speaking teachers. Other teachers and students supported the household survey data collection process in their respective homes and neighbourhoods. The household survey was conducted from 15 September 2019 to 22 December 2019. In addition, a consent form was completed. The questionnaire was translated into the three main locally spoken languages (Ukrainian, Hungarian and Romanian).
Decoding AI and Human Authorship: Nuances Revealed Through NLP and Statistical Analysis
Creators: name: Akinwande, Mayowa
name: Adeliyi, Oluwaseyi
name: Yussuph, Toyyibat
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Digital Libraries (cs.DL)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This research explores the nuanced differences in texts produced by AI and those written by humans, aiming to elucidate how language is expressed differently by AI and humans. Through comprehensive statistical data analysis, the study investigates various linguistic traits, patterns of creativity, and potential biases inherent in human-written and AI- generated texts. The significance of this research lies in its contribution to understanding AI's creative capabilities and its impact on literature, communication, and societal frameworks. By examining a meticulously curated dataset comprising 500K essays spanning diverse topics and genres, generated by LLMs, or written by humans, the study uncovers the deeper layers of linguistic expression and provides insights into the cognitive processes underlying both AI and human-driven textual compositions. The analysis revealed that human-authored essays tend to have a higher total word count on average than AI-generated essays but have a shorter average word length compared to AI- generated essays, and while both groups exhibit high levels of fluency, the vocabulary diversity of Human authored content is higher than AI generated content. However, AI- generated essays show a slightly higher level of novelty, suggesting the potential for generating more original content through AI systems. The paper addresses challenges in assessing the language generation capabilities of AI models and emphasizes the importance of datasets that reflect the complexities of human-AI collaborative writing. Through systematic preprocessing and rigorous statistical analysis, this study offers valuable insights into the evolving landscape of AI-generated content and informs future developments in natural language processing (NLP).