cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Riemann-Hilbert problem for the nonlinear Schrödinger equation with multiple high-order poles under nonzero boundary conditions
Creators: name: Yang, Jin-Jie
name: Tian, Shou-Fu
name: Li, Zhi-Qiang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Riemann-Hilbert (RH) problem is first developed to study the focusing nonlinear Schrödinger (NLS) equation with multiple high-order poles under nonzero boundary conditions. Laurent expansion and Taylor series are employed to replace the residues at the simple- and the second-poles. Further, the solution of RH problem is transformed into a closed system of algebraic equations, and the soliton solutions corresponding to the transmission coefficient $1/s_{11}(z)$ with an $N$-order pole are obtained by solving the algebraic system. Then, in a more general case, the transmission coefficient with multiple high-order poles is studied, and the corresponding solutions are obtained. In addition, for high-order pole, the propagation behavior of the soliton solution corresponding to a third-order pole is given as example.
description: 19 pages, 5 figures
Is This What It Feels Like? A Collection of Short Stories
Creators: name: Warshofsky, Rebecca
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: 200508 Other Literatures in English
subject: FOS: Languages and literature

description: This work often explores the themes of sex, drugs, and death, because I think these things are really, truly interesting in a way that ordinary things like school or sports are not. They push the limits of human experience and potential, they happen on the brink of human knowledge, meaning that something new and exciting can occur as a result. Moments like these can offer great things in the way of self-discovery, and knowing yourself is one of the most important things you can do. I want to reach the pinnacle of experience so that I can stay there and revel in it. There is no way of knowing what this would be like, but it would be crazy to think that it would not be worthwhile.
Investigating the effect of sexual behaviour on oropharyngeal cancer risk: a methodological assessment of Mendelian randomization
Creators: name: Vincent, E.E.
name: Richmond, R.C.
name: Boccia, S.
name: Gormley, M.
name: Brennan, P.
name: Liu, G.
name: Tajara, E.H.
name: Severino, P.
name: Thomas, S.J.
name: Chong, A.H.W.
name: Olshan, A.F.
name: Hung, R.J.
name: Kachuri, L.
name: Dudding, T.
name: Diergaarde, B.
name: Waterboer, T.
name: Brenner, N.
name: Smith, G.D.
name: Pring, M.
name: Munafò, M.R.
name: Toporcov, T.N.
name: Lacko, M.
name: Ness, A.R.
name: Burrows, K.
name: Tyrrell, J.
name: Martin, R.M.
Publisher: name: BioMed Central Ltd
Year: 2022

description: Background: Human papilloma virus infection is known to influence oropharyngeal cancer (OPC) risk, likely via sexual transmission. However, sexual behaviour has been correlated with other risk factors including smoking and alcohol, meaning independent effects are difficult to establish. We aimed to evaluate the causal effect of sexual behaviour on the risk of OPC using Mendelian randomization (MR). Methods: Genetic variants robustly associated with age at first sex (AFS) and the number of sexual partners (NSP) were used to perform both univariable and multivariable MR analyses with summary data on 2641 OPC cases and 6585 controls, obtained from the largest available genome-wide association studies (GWAS). Given the potential for genetic pleiotropy, we performed a number of sensitivity analyses: (i) MR methods to account for horizontal pleiotropy, (ii) MR of sexual behaviours on positive (cervical cancer and seropositivity for Chlamydia trachomatis) and negative control outcomes (lung and oral cancer), (iii) Causal Analysis Using Summary Effect estimates (CAUSE), to account for correlated and uncorrelated horizontal pleiotropic effects, (iv) multivariable MR analysis to account for the effects of smoking, alcohol, risk tolerance and educational attainment. Results: In univariable MR, we found evidence supportive of an effect of both later AFS (IVW OR = 0.4, 95%CI (0.3, 0.7), per standard deviation (SD), p = < 0.001) and increasing NSP (IVW OR = 2.2, 95%CI (1.3, 3.8) per SD, p = < 0.001) on OPC risk. These effects were largely robust to sensitivity analyses accounting for horizontal pleiotropy. However, negative control analysis suggested potential violation of the core MR assumptions and subsequent CAUSE analysis implicated pleiotropy of the genetic instruments used to proxy sexual behaviours. Finally, there was some attenuation of the univariable MR results in the multivariable models (AFS IVW OR = 0.7, 95%CI (0.4, 1.2), p = 0.21; NSP IVW OR = 0.9, 95%CI (0.5 1.7), p = 0.76). Conclusions: Despite using genetic variants strongly related sexual behaviour traits in large-scale GWAS, we found evidence for correlated pleiotropy. This emphasizes a need for multivariable approaches and the triangulation of evidence when performing MR of complex behavioural traits.
Color Confinement, Quark Pair Creation and Dynamical Chiral-Symmetry Breaking in the Dual Ginzburg-Landau Theory
Creators: name: Suganuma, Hideo
name: Sasaki, Shoichi
name: Toki, Hiroshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1993
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the color confinement, the $q$-$\bar q$ pair creation and the dynamical chiral-symmetry breaking of nonperturbative QCD by using the dual Ginzburg-Landau theory, where QCD-monopole condensation plays an essential role on the nonperturbative dynamics in the infrared region. As a result of the dual Meissner effect, the linear static quark potential, which characterizes the quark confinement, is obtained in the long distance within the quenched approximation. We obtain a simple expression for the string tension similar to the energy per unit length of a vortex in the superconductivity physics. The dynamical effect of light quarks on the quark confining potential is investigated in terms of the infrared screening effect due to the $q$-$\bar q$ pair creation or the cut of the hadronic string. The screening length of the potential is estimated by using the Schwinger formula for the $q$-$\bar q$ pair creation. We introduce the corresponding infrared cutoff to the strong long-range correlation factor in the gluon propagator as a dynamical effect of light quarks, and obtain a compact formula of the quark potential including the screening effect in the infrared region. We investigate the dynamical chiral-symmetry breaking by using the Schwinger-Dyson equation, where the gluon propagator includes the nonperturbative effect related to
description: 37 pages, plain TeX (using `phyzzx' macro), (( 8 figures - available on request from sho1@yamabuki.comp.metro-u.ac.jp ))
Theory of the Kitaev model in a [111] magnetic field
Creators: name: Zhang, Shang-Shun
name: Halász, Gábor B.
name: Batista, Cristian D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent numerical studies indicate that the antiferromagnetic Kitaev honeycomb lattice model undergoes a magnetic-field-induced quantum phase transition into a new spin-liquid phase. This intermediate-field phase has been previously characterized as a gapless spin liquid. By implementing a recently developed variational approach based on the exact fractionalized excitations of the zero-field model, we demonstrate that the field-induced spin liquid is gapped and belongs to Kitaev's 16-fold way. Specifically, the low-field non-Abelian liquid with Chern number $C=\pm 1$ transitions into an Abelian liquid with $C=\pm 4$. The critical field and the field-dependent behaviors of key physical quantities are in good quantitative agreement with published numerical results. Furthermore, we derive an effective field theory for the field-induced critical point which readily explains the ostensibly gapless nature of the intermediate-field spin liquid.
Profiling Somatosensory Impairment after Stroke: Characterizing Common “Fingerprints” of Impairment Using Unsupervised Machine Learning-Based Cluster Analysis of Quantitative Measures of the Upper Limb
Creators: name: Senadheera, Isuru
name: Larssen, Beverley
name: Mak-Yuen, Yvonne
name: Steinfort, Sarah
name: Carey, Leeanne
name: Alahakoon, Damminda
Publisher: name: La Trobe
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 520108
subject: Testing, assessment and psychometrics
classificationCode: 3209
subject: Neurosciences
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
classificationCode: 5202
subject: Biological psychology
classificationCode: 5201
subject: Applied and developmental psychology
classificationCode: 4611
subject: Machine learning

description: Altered somatosensory function is common among stroke survivors, yet is often poorly characterized. Methods of profiling somatosensation that illustrate the variability in impairment within and across different modalities remain limited. We aimed to characterize post-stroke somatosensation profiles (“fingerprints”) of the upper limb using an unsupervised machine learning cluster analysis to capture hidden relationships between measures of touch, proprioception, and haptic object recognition. Raw data were pooled from six studies where multiple quantitative measures of upper limb somatosensation were collected from stroke survivors (n = 207) using the Tactile Discrimination Test (TDT), Wrist Position Sense Test (WPST) and functional Tactile Object Recognition Test (fTORT) on the contralesional and ipsilesional upper limbs. The Growing Self Organizing Map (GSOM) unsupervised machine learning algorithm was used to generate a topology-preserving two-dimensional mapping of the pooled data and then separate it into clusters. Signature profiles of somatosensory impairment across two modalities (TDT and WPST; n = 203) and three modalities (TDT, WPST, and fTORT; n = 141) were characterized for both hands. Distinct impairment subgroups were identified. The influence of background and clinical variables was also modelled. The study provided evidence of the utility of unsupervised cluster analysis that can profile stroke survivor signatures of somatosensory impairment, which may inform improved diagnosis and characterization of impairment patterns.
Integration and Perception of Tablet PC Mathematics Software in Elementary Mathematics Education
Creators: name: Petty, Daniel D.
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: 80609 Information Systems Management
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The tablet PC provides a unique tool for education in that it allows students to write naturally in digital ink, making it possible for both normal and enhanced educational material and curricula to be easily transferred to a digital environment. There are many tools currently available for the tablet PC that are very useful to teachers, but there is very little software geared toward students—especially younger students. Younger students, however, may find a tablet PC particularly helpful because many of them have not yet developed typing skills. The Tablet Math System was developed in order to enhance children’s learning of simple mathematics and at the same time decrease teacher workload. The main goals of this study were to understand the ability of teachers to integrate the Tablet Math System in their classroom and to understand the perceptions of students and teachers regarding the software. Pilot studies in three fourth-grade classrooms indicate that the Tablet Math System was successfully integrated into classroom activities. Students completed almost 20,000 problems over 18 weeks on six tablet PCs rotated between three classes. Students had highly favorable perceptions of the Tablet Math System. They greatly preferred the tablet pc to paper, and were even eager to do math. The biggest complaint among students was that it was difficult to get on the system (as each class only had 6 tablets). The students also believed they did better on math presented on the tablet PC than on paper. Teachers found little change in their teaching pedagogies and had some problems integrating the system into their curriculum. These factors point to the importance of teacher training and professional development for the specific software environment. The findings also show that a tablet PC lab may be more advantageous for students, teachers and schools than a rotational model.
Inverse Design of Discrete Mechanical Metamaterials
Creators: name: Ronellenfitsch, Henrik
name: Stoop, Norbert
name: Yu, Josephine
name: Forrow, Aden
name: Dunkel, Jörn
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Mechanical and phononic metamaterials exhibiting negative elastic moduli, gapped vibrational spectra, or topologically protected modes enable precise control of structural and acoustic functionalities. While much progress has been made in their experimental and theoretical characterization, the inverse design of mechanical metamaterials with arbitrarily programmable spectral properties and mode localization remains an unsolved problem. Here, we present a flexible computational inverse-design framework that allows the efficient tuning of one or more gaps at nearly arbitrary positions in the spectrum of discrete phononic metamaterial structures. The underlying algorithm optimizes the linear response of elastic networks directly, is applicable to ordered and disordered structures, scales efficiently in 2D and 3D, and can be combined with a wide range of numerical optimization schemes. We illustrate the broad practical potential of this approach by designing mechanical bandgap switches that open and close pre-programmed spectral gaps in response to an externally applied stimulus such as shear or compression. We further show that the designed structures can host topologically protected edge modes, and validate the numerical predictions through explicit 3D finite element simulations of continuum elastica with experimentally relevant material parameters. Generally, this network-based inverse design paradigm offers a direct pathway towards manufacturing phononic metamaterials, DNA origami structures and topolectric circuits that can realize a wide range of static and dynamic target functionalities.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures, supplementary text included. Version v2 constitutes a substantial change from v1
Additional file 1 of Antimicrobial resistance in patients with decompensated liver cirrhosis and bacterial infections in a tertiary center in Northern Germany
Creators: name: Hillert, Annika
name: Schultalbers, Marie
name: Tergast, Tammo L.
name: Vonberg, Ralf-Peter
name: Rademacher, Jessica
name: Wedemeyer, Heiner
name: Cornberg, Markus
name: Ziesing, Stefan
name: Maasoumy, Benjamin
name: Höner zu Siederdissen, Christoph
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Ecology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Additional file 1.Supplemental table 1: Classification of multiresistant gram-negative bacilliform bacteria based on their phenotypic resistance characteristics.
Charmonium properties in the quark-gluon plasma
Creators: name: Oktay, M. B.
name: Peardon, M. J.
name: Skullerud, J. I.
name: Aarts, G.
name: Allton, C. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present results for charmonium correlators and spectral functions in 2-flavour CD on anisotropic lattices. Our results indicate that the S-waves (J/psi and eta_c) survive up to temperatures close to 2T_c, while the P-waves (chi_c0 and chi_c1) melt away below 1.2T_c.
description: 7 pages, 6 figures, presented at XXV International Symposium on Lattice Field Theory, July 30 - August 4 2007, Regensburg, Germany
SegMap: 3D Segment Mapping using Data-Driven Descriptors
Creators: name: Dubé, Renaud
name: Cramariuc, Andrei
name: Dugas, Daniel
name: Nieto, Juan
name: Siegwart, Roland
name: Cadena, Cesar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: When performing localization and mapping, working at the level of structure can be advantageous in terms of robustness to environmental changes and differences in illumination. This paper presents SegMap: a map representation solution to the localization and mapping problem based on the extraction of segments in 3D point clouds. In addition to facilitating the computationally intensive task of processing 3D point clouds, working at the level of segments addresses the data compression requirements of real-time single- and multi-robot systems. While current methods extract descriptors for the single task of localization, SegMap leverages a data-driven descriptor in order to extract meaningful features that can also be used for reconstructing a dense 3D map of the environment and for extracting semantic information. This is particularly interesting for navigation tasks and for providing visual feedback to end-users such as robot operators, for example in search and rescue scenarios. These capabilities are demonstrated in multiple urban driving and search and rescue experiments. Our method leads to an increase of area under the ROC curve of 28.3% over current state of the art using eigenvalue based features. We also obtain very similar reconstruction capabilities to a model specifically trained for this task. The SegMap implementation will be made available open-source along with easy to run demonstrations at www.github.com/ethz-asl/segmap. A video demonstration is available at https://youtu.be/CMk4w4eRobg.
Cosmic string loops: large and small, but not tiny
Creators: name: Vanchurin, Vitaly
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop an analytical model to study the production spectrum of loops in the cosmic string network. In the scaling regime, we find two different scales corresponding to large (one order below horizon) and small (few orders below horizon) loops. The very small (tiny) loops at the gravitational back reaction scale are absent, and thus, our model has no ultra-violet divergences. We calculate the spectrum of loops and derive analytical expressions for the positions and magnitudes of the small and large scale peaks. The small loops are produced by large bursts of similar loops moving with very high velocities in the same direction. We describe the shape of large loops, which would usually consist of few kinks and few cusps per oscillation cycle. We also argue that the typical size of large loops is set by the correlation length, which does not depend on the intercommutation probability p, while the interstring distance scales as p^{1/3}.
description: 6 pages, 1 figure, power-law approximation is replaced with exponential
The FIMP-WIMP dark matter in the extended singlet scalar model
Creators: name: Das, Pritam
name: Das, Mrinal Kumar
name: Khan, Najimuddin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore the simplest viable dark matter model with a real singlet scalar, vector-like singlet and doublet fermions. The Yukawa couplings associated with the fermion sector play a crucial role in getting the current relic density through Freeze-in and Freeze-out mechanism. We discuss the constraints from the recent muon anomalous magnetic moment experimental data and relic density. We also perform the collider analysis for the FIMP dark matter in the context of 14 TeV LHC experiments with the MATHUSLA100/200 detector. Our analysis shows that one can get enough events $>3$ for heavy charged fermion track at 14 TeV LHC with an integrated luminosity $\mathcal{L}=10^6 ~{\rm fb^{-1}}$.
description: 25 pages and 10 figures
Localization of nonlocal theories
Creators: name: Calcagni, Gianluca
name: Montobbio, Michele
name: Nardelli, Giuseppe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that a certain class of nonlocal scalar models, with a kinetic operator inspired by string field theory, is equivalent to a system which is local in the coordinates but nonlocal in an auxiliary evolution variable. This system admits both Lagrangian and Hamiltonian formulations, and its Cauchy problem and quantization are well-defined. We classify exact nonperturbative solutions of the localized model which can be found via the diffusion equation governing the fields.
description: 12 pages; v2: typos corrected
Topological dislocation modes in three-dimensional acoustic topological insulators
Creators: name: Ye, Liping
name: Qiu, Chunyin
name: Xiao, Meng
name: Li, Tianzi
name: Du, Juan
name: Ke, Manzhu
name: Liu, Zhengyou
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Dislocations are ubiquitous in three-dimensional solid-state materials. The interplay of such real space topology with the emergent band topology defined in reciprocal space gives rise to gapless helical modes bound to the line defects. This is known as bulk-dislocation correspondence, in contrast to the conventional bulk-boundary correspondence featuring topological states at boundaries. However, to date rare compelling experimental evidences are presented for this intriguing topological observable, owing to the presence of various challenges in solid-state systems. Here, using a three-dimensional acoustic topological insulator with precisely controllable dislocations, we report an unambiguous experimental evidence for the long-desired bulk-dislocation correspondence, through directly measuring the gapless dispersion of the one-dimensional topological dislocation modes. Remarkably, as revealed in our further experiments, the pseudospin-locked dislocation modes can be unidirectionally guided in an arbitrarily-shaped dislocation path. The peculiar topological dislocation transport, expected in a variety of classical wave systems, can provide unprecedented controllability over wave propagations.
Presentatie KB Webinar - Transkribus voor Nederlandstalige gebruikers (basis)
Creators: name: Romein, Christel Annemieke
name: Vandommele, Jeroen
name: Den Boer, Levien
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: digital scholarship
KB Lab
Digital Humanities
Handwriting Text Recognition
Transkribus
Webinar

description: KB Webinar - Transkribus voor Nederlandstalige gebruikers Transkribus is een programma dat het lezen van handschriften een stuk eenvoudiger maakt. Met behulp van dit programma kun je de computer trainen om handgeschreven teksten en drukwerk uit vroegere perioden te lezen. Het programma biedt tal van mogelijkheden, maar om er zelf mee aan de slag te gaan is toch nog wel een uitdaging. Annemieke Romein (UGent/Erasmus Universiteit/ KB) en Jeroen Vandommele (KB) hebben inmiddels veel ervaring opgedaan met het werken met Transkribus. Die gebruikerservaring vormt de basis voor dit webinar, waarin ze het programma uitleggen. Zij maken géén deel uit van het READ-COOP team. Opzet webinar - Basisprincipes achter HTR(+) versus OCR. - Installeren en uploaden (foto’s, PDF’s , enzovoort) - De basisfunctionaliteiten van Transkribus (Waar dienen de knopjes voor?) - Hoe creëer je handmatig een Lay-out Analyse? Hoe kan Transkribus dit voor je doen? - Hoe kan je met de desktopversie teksten transcriberen? - Wat te doen met afkortingen, italics en transcriptiekeuzes? - Hoe kan je bestanden exporteren? Voor wie? Dit webinar is voor iedereen, die meer wil weten over Transkribus. Er is geen specifieke voorkennis vereist. Na de uitleg is er gelegenheid om vragen te stellen. Programma installeren Het strekt tot aanbeveling om Transkribus voorafgaand aan dit webinar te installeren vanaf www.transkribus.eu. Je dient hiervoor een account aan te maken. Voor Mac-gebruikers gelden speciale instructies. Die vind je hier: https://transkribus.eu/wiki/index.php/Download_and_Installation#Notes_for_first_launch_on_MAC --> Videopresentation: 10.5281/zenodo.3555092
description: {"references": ["https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=o6BRXq1S-b8"]}
Incorporating Flexibility into the Normalized Cut Image Segmentation Algorithm
Creators: name: Chong, Yi Xiang
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Statistics
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Image segmentation is the process of dividing a digital image into individual segments which share similar visual characteristics. The Normalized Cut (NCut) algorithm is one of the commonly used graph-based approaches in image segmentation. The NCut algorithm aims to extract big picture segments or global features of an image, a process which closely resembles how a human would approach image segmentation [1]. However, the algorithm is heavily dependent on a constant tuning parameter that is subject to arbitrary assignment prior to running the algorithm. This tuning parameter is independent of the image and indirectly specifies the level of details in the image one requires from the segmentation. Given this shortcoming, we propose a more flexible approach that introduces a local tuning parameter for each pixel over a small neighborhood in the image. We believe that the tuning parameter should represent the local variation of the features in the image in order to correctly tune the necessary components in the segmentation process. In particular, we look at improving the segmentations by introducing multiple "local-variation" tuning parameters that are adjusted to specific regions of the image. We do this through a semi-supervised method, where the regions are defined using the segmentations of the original NCut algorithm. Through our methodology, we incorporate additional local variation into tuning the algorithm without sacrificing the global features extracted by the original NCut algorithm. Results show that our methodology manages to improve the original NCut segmentations for some sample images.
Multiple changepoint detection for periodic autoregressive models with an application to river flow analysis
Creators: name: Cucina, Domenico
name: Rizzo, Manuel
name: Ursu, Eugen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In river flow analysis and forecasting there are some key elements to consider in order to obtain reliable results. For example, seasonality is often accounted for in statistical models because climatic oscillations occurring every year have an obvious impact on river flow. Further sources of alteration could be caused by changes in reservoir management, instrumentation or even unexpected shifts in climatic conditions. When these changes are ignored the statistical results can be strongly misleading. This paper develops an automatic procedure to estimate number and locations of changepoints in Periodic AutoRegressive models. These latter have been extensively used for modelling seasonality in hydrology, climatology, economics and electrical engineering, but there are very few papers devoted also to changepoints detection, moreover being limited to changes in mean or variance. In our proposal we allow the model structure as a whole to change, and estimation is performed by optimizing an objective function derived from the Information Criterion using Genetic Algorithms. The proposed methodology is brought out through the example of three river flows, for which we built models with possible changepoints and evaluated their forecasting accuracy by means of Root Mean Square Error, Mean Absolute Error and Mean Absolute Percentage Error. The last years of data sets have been omitted from the selection and estimation procedure and were then used to forecast. Comparisons with literature on river flow forecasting confirms the efficiency of our proposal.
description: 22 pages, 12 figures
Identification of Spinning Dust in Halpha-Correlated Microwave Emission
Creators: name: Dobler, Gregory
name: Finkbeiner, Douglas P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: CMB experiments commonly use maps of Halpha intensity as a spatial template for Galactic free-free emission, assuming a power law I_nu \propto nu^-0.15 for the spectrum. Any departure from the assumed free-free spectrum could have a detrimental effect on determination of the primary CMB anisotropy. We show that the Halpha-correlated emission spectrum in the diffuse warm ionized medium (WIM) is not the expected free-free spectrum at WMAP frequencies. Instead, there is a broad bump in the spectrum at ~50 GHz which is consistent with emission from spinning dust grains. Spectra from both the full sky and smaller regions of interest are well fit by a superposition of a free-free and WIM Draine & Lazarian (1998) spinning dust model, shifted in frequency. The spinning dust emission is ~5 times weaker than the free-free component at 50 GHz, with the null hypothesis that the Halpha-correlated spectrum is pure free-free, ruled out at >8 sigma in all regions and >100 sigma for the full sky fit.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures; submitted to ApJ; LaTeX modified slightly to reveal missing Figure 5
title: Chandra Detection of Fe XVII in Absorption: Iron Abundance in the Hot Gaseous Interstellar Medium
Creators: name: Yao, Y
name: Schulz, N
name: Wang, QD
name: Nowak, M
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics and Astronomy

description: This is the pre-published version harvested from ArXiv. The published version is located at http://iopscience.iop.org/1538-4357/653/2/L121/
description: The iron depletion level and the gas-phase iron abundance in the hot (~106 K) interstellar medium (ISM) are critical to our understanding of its energy balance as well as the thermal sputtering, cooling, and heating processes of dust grains. Here, we report on the first detection of the Fe XVII absorption line at 15.02 Å from the hot ISM in the spectrum of the low-mass X-ray binary 4U 1820-303 observed with the Chandra X-Ray Observatory. By jointly analyzing this absorption line with those from O VII, O VIII, and Ne IX ions in the same spectrum, we obtain an abundance ratio as Fe/Ne = 0.8(0.4, 2.1) in units of the Anders & Grevesse solar value (90% confidence intervals). We find that the result is robust with respect to different assumed gas temperature distributions. The obtained Fe/Ne abundance ratio, albeit with large uncertainties, is consistent with the solar value, indicating that there is very little or no iron depleted into dust grains, i.e., most of or all of the dust grains have been destroyed in the hot ISM.
BLEBeacon: A Real-Subject Trial Dataset from Mobile Bluetooth Low Energy Beacons
Creators: name: Sikeridis, Dimitrios
name: Papapanagiotou, Ioannis
name: Devetsikiotis, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The BLEBeacon dataset is a collection of Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) advertisement packets/traces generated from BLE beacons carried by people following their daily routine inside a university building. A network of Raspberry Pi 3 (RPi)-based edge devices were deployed inside a multi-floor facility continuously gathering BLE advertisement packets and storing them in a cloud-based environment. The data were collected during an IRB (Institutional Review Board forhe Protection of Human Subjects in Research) approved one-month trial. Each facility occupant/participant was handed a BLE beacon to carry with him at all times. The focus is on presenting a real-life realization of a location-aware sensing infrastructure, that can provide insights for smart sensing platforms, crowd-based applications, building management, and user-localization frameworks. This work describes and documents the published BLEBeacon dataset.
Additional file 2 of Antimicrobial resistance in patients with decompensated liver cirrhosis and bacterial infections in a tertiary center in Northern Germany
Creators: name: Hillert, Annika
name: Schultalbers, Marie
name: Tergast, Tammo L.
name: Vonberg, Ralf-Peter
name: Rademacher, Jessica
name: Wedemeyer, Heiner
name: Cornberg, Markus
name: Ziesing, Stefan
name: Maasoumy, Benjamin
name: Höner zu Siederdissen, Christoph
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Ecology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Additional file 2. Supplemental table 2: Antimicrobial categories and agents used to define MDR.
Go Long, Go Deep: Finding Optical Jet Breaks for Swift-Era GRBs with the LBT
Creators: name: Dai, X.
name: Garnavich, P. M.
name: Prieto, J. L.
name: Stanek, K. Z.
name: Kochanek, C. S.
name: Bechtold, J.
name: Bouche, N.
name: Buschkamp, P.
name: Diolaiti, E.
name: Fan, X.
name: Giallongo, E.
name: Gredel, R.
name: Hill, J. M.
name: Jiang, L.
name: McClellend, C.
name: Milne, P.
name: Pedichini, F.
name: Pogge, R. W.
name: Ragazzoni, R.
name: Rhoads, J.
name: Smareglia, R.
name: Thompson, D.
name: Wagner, R. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using the 8.4m Large Binocular Telescope, we observed six GRB afterglows from 2.8 hours to 30.8 days after the burst triggers to systematically probe the late time behaviors of afterglows including jet breaks, flares, and supernova bumps. We detected five afterglows with Sloan r' magnitudes ranging from 23.0-26.3 mag. The depth of our observations allows us to extend the temporal baseline for measuring jet breaks by another decade in time scale. We detected two jet breaks and a third candidate, all of which are not detectable without deep, late time optical observations. In the other three cases, we do not detect the jet breaks either because of contamination from the host galaxy light, the presence of a supernova bump, or the intrinsic faintness of the optical afterglow. This suggests that the basic picture that GRBs are collimated is still valid and that the apparent lack of Swift jet breaks is due to poorly sampled afterglow light curves, particularly at late times.
description: Accepted by ApJ Letters, 14 pages, 2 figures
Study of the topological vacuum structure of SU(2) gluodynamics at T > 0 with overlap fermions and improved action
Creators: name: Bornyakov, V. G.
name: Luschevskaya, E. V.
name: Morozov, S. M.
name: Polikarpov, M. I.
name: Ilgenfritz, E. M.
name: Muller-Preussker, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study SU(2) gluodynamics at finite temperature near the deconfining phase transition. We create the lattice ensembles using the tadpole improved Luscher-Weisz action. The overlap Dirac operator is used to determine the following three aspects of vacuum structure: (i) The topological susceptibility is evaluated at various temperatures across the phase transition, (ii) the overlap fermion spectral density is determined and found to depend on the Polyakov loop above the phase transition and (iii) the corresponding localization properties of low lying eigenmodes are investigated.
description: 7 pages, 11 figures, presented at the XXV International Symposium on Lattice Field Theory, July 30 - August 4 2007, Regensburg
Timing of Toenail Collection and Concentrations of Metals in Pancreatic Cancer. Evidence Against Disease Progression Bias
Creators: name: Trasande, L.
name: Porta, M.
name: Gasull, M.
name: Camargo, J.
name: Chen, Y.
name: Richardson, D.
name: Soliman, A.
name: Olshan, A.F.
name: Alguacil, J.
name: Pumarega, J.
name: Poole, C.
name: PANKRAS II Study Group
Publisher: name: Springer Science and Business Media B.V.
Year: 2022

description: Trace elements such as cadmium, arsenic, zinc or selenium increase or decrease risk of a wide range of human diseases. Their levels in toenails may provide a measure of mid-term intake of trace elements for studies in humans. However, in biologically and clinically aggressive diseases as pancreatic cancer, the progression of the disease could modify such concentrations and produce reverse causation bias. The aim was to analyze the influence of specific time intervals between several clinical events and the collection of toenails upon concentrations of trace elements in patients with pancreatic cancer. Subjects were 118 incident cases of pancreatic adenocarcinoma prospectively recruited in eastern Spain. Toenails were collected at cancer diagnosis, and soon thereafter interviews were conducted. Information on cancer signs and symptoms was obtained from medical records and patient interviews. Levels of 12 trace elements were determined in toenail samples by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. General linear models adjusting for potential confounders were applied to analyze relations between log concentrations of trace elements and the time intervals, including the interval from first symptom of cancer to toenail collection (iST). Toenail concentrations of the 12 trace elements were weakly or not influenced by the progression of the disease or the diagnostic procedures. Concentrations of aluminum were slightly higher in subjects with a longer iST (age, sex and stage adjusted geometric means: 11.44 vs. 7.75 µg/g for iST > 120 days vs. ≤ 40 days). There was a weak inverse relation of iST with concentrations of zinc and selenium (maximum differences of about 20 and 0.08 µg/g, respectively). Conclusions: concentrations of the trace elements were weakly or not influenced by the development of the disease before toenail collection. Only concentrations of aluminum increased slightly with increasing iST, whereas levels of zinc and selenium decreased weakly. Even in an aggressive disease as pancreatic cancer, toenail concentrations of trace elements may provide a valid measure of mid-term intake of trace elements, unaffected by clinical events and disease progression.
Indefinite Causal Order in a Quantum Switch
Creators: name: Goswami, K.
name: Giarmatzi, C.
name: Kewming, M.
name: Costa, F.
name: Branciard, C.
name: Romero, J.
name: White, A. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In quantum mechanics events can happen in no definite causal order: in practice this can be verified by measuring a causal witness, in the same way that an entanglement witness verifies entanglement. Indefinite causal order can be observed in a quantum switch, where two operations act in a quantum superposition of the two possible orders. Here we realise a photonic quantum switch, where polarisation coherently controls the order of two operations, $\hat{A}$ and $\hat{B}$, on the transverse spatial mode of the photons. Our setup avoids the limitations of earlier implementations: the operations cannot be distinguished by spatial or temporal position. We show that our quantum switch has no definite causal order, by constructing a causal witness and measuring its value to be 18 standard deviations beyond the definite-order bound.
The idemetric property: when most distances are (almost) the same
Creators: name: Barmpalias, George
name: Huang, Neng
name: Lewis-Pye, Andrew
name: Li, Angsheng
name: Li, Xuechen
name: Pan, Yicheng
name: Roughgarden, Tim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: Discrete Mathematics (cs.DM)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We introduce the \emph{idemetric} property, which formalises the idea that most nodes in a graph have similar distances between them, and which turns out to be quite standard amongst small-world network models. Modulo reasonable sparsity assumptions, we are then able to show that a strong form of idemetricity is actually equivalent to a very weak expander condition (PUMP). This provides a direct way of providing short proofs that small-world network models such as the Watts-Strogatz model are strongly idemetric (for a wide range of parameters), and also provides further evidence that being idemetric is a common property. We then consider how satisfaction of the idemetric property is relevant to algorithm design. For idemetric graphs we observe, for example, that a single breadth-first search provides a solution to the all-pairs shortest paths problem, so long as one is prepared to accept paths which are of stretch close to 2 with high probability. Since we are able to show that Kleinberg's model is idemetric, these results contrast nicely with the well known negative results of Kleinberg concerning efficient decentralised algorithms for finding short paths: for precisely the same model as Kleinberg's negative results hold, we are able to show that very efficient (and decentralised) algorithms exist if one allows for reasonable preprocessing. For deterministic distributed routing algorithms we are also able to obtain results proving that less routing information is required for idemetric graphs than the worst case in order to achieve stretch less than 3 with high probability: while $Ω(n^2)$ routing information is required in the worst case for stretch strictly less than 3 on almost all pairs, for idemetric graphs the total routing information required is $O(nlog(n))$.
Income effects on hierarchical question patterns in children
Creators: name: Bryner, Rachel
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: 170199 Psychology not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: The role that questioning plays in language learning and cognitive development in childhood is an area of study that continues to constitute a major point of interest for researchers today. However, there is little current research on the subject of question patterns, particularly in regard to variation by income-level. Whether there are significant differences between parents of varying income-level in relation to the questions they ask their children in casual conversation is the question at the heart of this research. Two sets of transcripts were used from previous studies of 3- and 4-year-olds and their parents. One set was derived from low-income families and one set from mid-income families, which were coded for question types that could be considered meaningful to cognitive development. Question types considered relevant included concrete questions concerning the being, state, or function of an object, as well as questions concerning cause and reason. Nonparametric analyses show significant differences in question type frequencies across age groups and income levels for both parents and children. Practical implications for the study include an increased awareness of the potential impact that parents’ questions and income have on children’s language, social, and cognitive development as well as on academic success.
A Hierarchy of Effective Field Theories of Hot Electroweak Matter
Creators: name: Jakovác, A.
name: Kajantie, K.
name: Patkós, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1993
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Abst\-ract: A hierarchy of effective three-dimensional theories of finite temperature electroweak matter is studied. First an integration over non-static modes leads to an effective theory containing a gauge field $A_{i}^{a}$, an adjoint Higgs field $A_{0}^a$ and the fundamental Higgs field $ϕ_α$. We carry out the integration in the 1-loop approximation, study renormalisation effects and estimate quantitatively those terms of the effective action which are suppressed by inverse powers of the temperature. Secondly, because of the existence of well-separated thermal mass scales, $A_{0}^a$ can be integrated over, and finally also $ϕ_α$, leaving an effective theory of the $A_{i}^{a}$.In the analysis of the subsequent models particular attention is paid to the screening of the magnetic fluctuations due to the integrated-out degrees of freedom. Files of 2 Tables and 4 Figures are available in (la)tex-format upon request
description: 15 pages, HU-TFT-94-01
The Rapid X-ray and UV Evolution of ASASSN-14ko
Creators: name: Payne, Anna V.
name: Shappee, Benjamin J.
name: Hinkle, Jason T.
name: Holoien, Thomas W. -S.
name: Auchettl, Katie
name: Kochanek, Christopher S.
name: Stanek, K. Z.
name: Thompson, Todd A.
name: Tucker, Michael A.
name: Armstrong, James D.
name: Boyd, Patricia T.
name: Brimacombe, Joseph
name: Cornect, Robert
name: Huber, Mark E.
name: Jha, Saurabh W.
name: Lin, Chien-Cheng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: ASASSN-14ko is a recently discovered periodically flaring transient at the center of the AGN ESO 253-G003 with a slowly decreasing period. Here we show that the flares originate from the northern, brighter nucleus in this dual-AGN, post-merger system. The light curves for the two flares that occurred in May 2020 and September 2020 are nearly identical over all wavelengths. For both events, Swift observations showed that the UV and optical wavelengths brightened in unison. The effective temperature of the UV/optical emission rises and falls with the increase and subsequent decline in the luminosity. The X-ray flux, in contrast, first rapidly drops over $\sim$2.6 days, rises for $\sim$5.8 days, drops again over $\sim$4.3 days and then recovers. The X-ray spectral evolution of the two flares differ, however. During the May 2020 peak the spectrum softened with increases in the X-ray luminosity, while we observed the reverse for the September 2020 peak.
description: 12 pages, 6 figures, and 1 table. Submitted to ApJ, comments welcome