cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: Objectless sleep experiences. A phenomenological investigation of a rare group of conscious experiences
Creators: name: Alcaraz Sánchez, Adriana
Publisher: name: University of Glasgow
Year: 2023

description: In this thesis, I investigate a cluster of sleep phenomena that I classify under the name of “objectless sleep experiences”. By drawing upon descriptions from Indo-Tibetan philosophical traditions, I examine a subgroup of conscious sleep states characterised by the apparent absence of an object of awareness. Some authors describe these experiences as “objectless” or “contentless” inasmuch as they lack awareness of anything; they are states of just consciousness. Here, I consider the construct of objectless sleep awareness to involve a broader range of experiences characterised by the absence of a distinct object of awareness. While they may appear to lack content to the subject, they are not completely devoid of representational content. Despite the growing interest in these states within philosophy of mind, dream and sleep research, there is a significant lack of theoretical work examining this experience. Additionally, most of the descriptions of such a state found in the literature rely highly on anecdotal reports or second-hand sources. This thesis aims to address this gap by presenting the results of two empirical studies that systematically and rigorously collect subjective reports of objectless sleep awareness. Furthermore, I examine current proposals found in the literature characterising a subset of objectless sleep awareness as “lucid”. Lastly, I propose a framework to guide future research on objectless sleep experiences, linking them to associated experiences during both sleep and wakefulness. This framework aims to articulate the similarities and differences among various sleep and waking phenomena, including objectless sleep awareness.
Concurrency Models with Causality and Events as Psi-calculi
Creators: name: Normann, Håkon
name: Prisacariu, Cristian
name: Hildebrandt, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Psi-calculi are a parametric framework for nominal calculi, where standard calculi are found as instances, like the pi-calculus, or the cryptographic spi-calculus and applied-pi. Psi-calculi have an interleaving operational semantics, with a strong foundation on the theory of nominal sets and process algebras. Much of the expressive power of psi-calculi comes from their logical part, i.e., assertions, conditions, and entailment, which are left quite open thus accommodating a wide range of logics. We are interested in how this expressiveness can deal with event-based models of concurrency. We thus take the popular prime event structures model and give an encoding into an instance of psi-calculi. We also take the recent and expressive model of Dynamic Condition Response Graphs (in which event structures are strictly included) and give an encoding into another corresponding instance of psi-calculi. The encodings that we achieve look rather natural and intuitive. Additional results about these encodings give us more confidence in their correctness.
description: In Proceedings ICE 2014, arXiv:1410.7013
Structural features of a phased nucleosome core particle.
Creators: name: Simpson, R. T.
name: Stafford, D. W.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1983

description: Chicken erythrocyte inner histones associate with a cloned 260-base-pair (bp) segment of Lytechinus variegatus DNA in a unique location. The fragment contains a 120-bp segment encoding 5S rRNA, a 90-bp flanking sequence to the 5' side of the transcribed segment, and a 50-bp downstream flanking sequence. Association of DNA, uniquely labeled at one end or the other and at either the 3' or the 5' terminus of a given strand, with histones at 0.1 M ionic strength leads to formation of a compact complex which sediments at about 13 S. Analysis of cutting of the complex by DNase I shows that protection from the nuclease is confined to a region beginning 20 bp from the left end of the segment and extending to about 165 bp from the left end. Within the protected region, the two DNA strands differ in their susceptibilities to the nuclease, the precise location of nuclease cutting sites and the spacing between these sites, and the relative susceptibilities of specific cutting locations. It seems that information present in DNA and the histone octomer is sufficient to create a precisely phased nucleosome in which interactions of the two DNA strands with histones are not the same. The structure of this unique nucleosome is not predicted by the intellectual model based on studies of mixed populations of nucleosome core particles.
Bandit problems with Levy processes
Creators: name: Cohen, Asaf
name: Solan, Eilon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Bandit problems model the trade-off between exploration and exploitation in various decision problems. We study two-armed bandit problems in continuous time, where the risky arm can have two types: High or Low; both types yield stochastic payoffs generated by a Levy process. We show that the optimal strategy is a cut-off strategy and we provide an explicit expression for the cut-off and for the optimal payoff.
description: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:0906.0835
Measurement of Higgs boson production in the diphoton decay channel in $pp$ collisions at center-of-mass energies of 7 and 8 TeV with the ATLAS detector
Creators: name: ATLAS Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A measurement of the production processes of the recently discovered Higgs boson is performed in the two-photon final state using 5.4 fb$^{-1}$ of proton-proton collisions data at $\sqrt{s}=7$ TeV and 20.3 fb$^{-1}$ at $\sqrt{s}=8$ TeV collected by the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider. The number of observed Higgs boson decays to diphotons divided by the corresponding Standard Model prediction, called the signal strength, is found to be $μ= 1.17 \pm 0.27$ at the value of the Higgs boson mass measured by ATLAS, $m_{H}$ = 125.4 GeV. The analysis is optimized to measure the signal strengths for individual Higgs boson production processes at this value of $m_{H}$. They are found to be $μ_{\mathrm{ggF}} = 1.32 \pm 0.38$, $μ_{\mathrm{VBF}} = 0.8 \pm 0.7$, $μ_{WH} = 1.0 \pm 1.6 $, $μ_{ZH} = 0.1 ^{+3.7}_{-0.1} $, $μ_{{t\bar{t}H}} = 1.6 ^{+2.7}_{-1.8} $, for Higgs boson production through gluon fusion, vector-boson fusion, and in association with a $W$ or $Z$ boson or a top-quark pair, respectively. Compared with the previously published ATLAS analysis, the results reported here also benefit from a new energy calibration procedure for photons and the subsequent reduction of the systematic uncertainty on the diphoton mass resolution. No significant deviations from the predictions of the Standard Model are found.
description: 32 pages plus author list + cover pages (46 pages total), 21 figures, 14 tables, submitted to Physical Review D. References updated. All figures including auxiliary figures are available at http://atlas.web.cern.ch/Atlas/GROUPS/PHYSICS/PAPERS/HIGG-2013-08/
The Impact of Economic Shocks on Health and Health Inequalities
Creators: name: Martinez Jimenez, Mario
Publisher: name: Lancaster University
Year: 2025
Subjects: retirement; health; Great Recession; ELSA; parental unemployment; early life conditions; long-term health effects; small area deprivation; income; health inequalities; health care use; millennials

description: This thesis explores the effects of economic shocks on health and health inequalities using multiple datasets from the United Kingdom. The second chapter studies the effects of retirement on both physical and mental ill-health and whether these change in the presence of economic shocks. Inverse probability weighting regression adjustment is used to examine the mechanisms influencing the relationship between retirement and health, and a difference-in-differences approach combined with matching to investigate whether the health effects of retirement are affected by the Great Recession. Models are estimated on the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing (ELSA) dataset. The third chapter focuses on the effects of parental unemployment spells experienced during early, mid and late childhood on long-term child mental and physical health. This chapter exploits merged data drawn from the British Household Panel Survey (BHPS) and the UK Household Longitudinal Study (UKHLS), linking detailed parental socioeconomic information with key health variables on their children. In this analysis, a Correlated Random Effects (CRE) probit model accounts for unobserved heterogeneity while a non-linear Generalized Estimating Equations (GEE) random effects estimator for the dependency structure of the data. The fourth chapter explores associations between adolescent health and socioeconomic deprivation by income and small-area levels in England. This study uses administrative data drawn from the Health Episode Statistics (HES) linked to Next Steps, a longitudinal survey including a cohort of adolescents born in 1990. Erreygers’ corrected concentration index and Shapley-Shorrocks decomposition techniques are employed to measure and explore the relative contributions of a set of childhood circumstances in the adolescent health and health care utilisation inequalities. In addition, an Interrupted Time-Series (ITS) analysis is implemented to examine changes in health care utilisation in the emergency and outpatient departments during the years of the Great Recession and subsequent austerity policies. The last chapter summarises the main findings of the PhD, discusses the policy implications of these findings, reviews the limitations and unanswered questions from the analyses, and provides recommendations for future research.
Toward Sequentializing Overparallelized Protocol Code
Creators: name: Jongmans, Sung-Shik T. Q.
name: Arbab, Farhad
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Programming Languages (cs.PL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In our ongoing work, we use constraint automata to compile protocol specifications expressed as Reo connectors into efficient executable code, e.g., in C. We have by now studied this automata based compilation approach rather well, and have devised effective solutions to some of its problems. Because our approach is based on constraint automata, the approach, its problems, and our solutions are in fact useful and relevant well beyond the specific case of compiling Reo. In this short paper, we identify and analyze two such rather unexpected problems.
description: In Proceedings ICE 2014, arXiv:1410.7013
Unique spectrum of activity of 9-[(1,3-dihydroxy-2-propoxy)methyl]-guanine against herpesviruses in vitro and its mode of action against herpes simplex virus type 1.
Creators: name: Lin, J. C.
name: Huang, E. S.
name: Pagano, J. S.
name: Cheng, Y. C.
name: Grill, S. P.
name: Mar, E. C.
name: Dutschman, G. E.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1983

description: A guanosine analog, 9-[(1,3-dihydroxy-2-propoxy)methyl]guanine (DHPG), was found to inhibit herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1), herpes simplex virus type 2, cytomegalovirus, and Epstein-Barr virus replication by greater than 50% at concentrations that do not inhibit cell growth in culture. The potency of the drug against all of these viruses is greater than that of 9-[(2-hydroxyethoxy)methyl]guanine (acyclovir). DHPG was active against HSV-1 growth during the early phase of virus replication and had no activity when added at a later time after infection. Its antiviral activity was irreversible. Thymidine partially neutralized its action. The anti-HSV-1 activity of DHPG was dependent on the induction and the properties of virus-induced thymidine kinase. Virus variants that induced altered virus thymidine kinase and became resistant to acyclovir were still as sensitive to DHPG as the parental virus. DHPG is active against five different HSV variants with induced altered DNA polymerase and resistance to acyclovir.
A High-Resolution Study of Near-Infrared Diffuse Interstellar Bands
Creators: name: Rawlings, M. G.
name: Adamson, A. J.
name: Kerr, T. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present high-resolution echelle spectroscopic observations of the two near- infrared (NIR) Diffuse Interstellar Bands (DIBs) at 13175 A and 11797.5 A. The DIBs have been observed in a number of diffuse interstellar medium sightlines that exhibit a wide range of visual extinctions. Band profiles are similar to those seen in narrow DIBs, clearly asymmetric and can be closely fitted in most cases using two simple Gaussian components. Gaussian fits were generally found to be more successful than fits based on a multiple-cloud model using a template DIB profile. For a sample of 9 objects in which both bands are observed, the strength of both NIR DIBs generally increases with A(V), and we report a correlation between the two observed bands over a large A(V) range and widely-separated lines of sight. The strength of the two bands is also compared against those of two visual DIBs and the diffuse ISM aliphatic dust absorption feature at 3.4 microns previously detected in the same sightlines. We find that the NIR DIBs do not exhibit notable (anti)correlations with either. Implications of these observations on possible DIB carrier species are discussed.
description: 35 pages; contains 8 figures (including a 3-page Figure 1) and 3 tables. Accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal
Viability of rat spermatogenic cells in vitro is facilitated by their coculture with Sertoli cells in serum-free hormone-supplemented medium.
Creators: name: Kierszenbaum, A. L.
name: Tres, L. L.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1983

description: Spermatogenic cells from 20- to 35-day-old rats were grown in vitro in the presence of Sertoli cells maintained in serum-free hormone/growth factor-supplemented medium and alternating high/low concentrations of follicle-stimulating hormone in the medium. In cell reaggregation experiments, spermatogenic cells reassociate with Sertoli cells but not with peritubular cells or cell-free substrate. Autoradiographic experiments using [3H]thymidine as a labeled precursor for DNA synthesis show that spermatogonia and preleptotene spermatocytes, connected by cytoplasmic bridges, have a synchronous S phase. [3H]Thymidine-labeled preleptotene spermatocytes progress until later stages of meiotic prophase. Time-lapse cinematographic studies of Sertoli/spermatogenic cell cocultures show three major movement patterns. While Sertoli cell cytoplasmic processes between adjacent cells display tensional forces, spermatogonia are engaged in oscillatory cell movements different from the nuclear rotation observed in meiotic prophase spermatocytes. Results of this study show that the proliferation of premeiotic cells and the differentiation of meiotic prophase cells do occur in vitro in association with Sertoli cells maintained in a medium that allows differentiated cell functions.
Vitamin D metabolites change the phenotype of monoblastic U937 cells.
Creators: name: Dodd, R. C.
name: Cohen, M. S.
name: Newman, S. L.
name: Gray, T. K.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1983

description: U937 is a human-derived lymphoma cell line that has monoblastic properties and high-affinity receptors for 1 alpha,-dihydroxyvitamin D3. Incubation of these cells with the vitamin D metabolite at 10 nM for 5 days produced marked stimulation in adherence and ingestion of Staphylococcus aureus (645% of control) and of C3b receptor (CR1) expression (292% of control) and a slight increase in hexose monophosphate shunt activity without changing cell growth rates or Fc fragment receptor expression. The changes in cellular association of S. aureus and the CR1 were detected as early as 48 hr of incubation and peaked between 3 and 5 days. Similar changes in the CR1 were induced by 25-hydroxy- and 24,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 at micromolar concentrations. Dexamethasone, hydrocortisone, and progesterone had no effect on CR1 expression. U937 cells incubated in the presence of vitamin D metabolites exhibited a change in their phenotype. These results suggest that vitamin D metabolites may contribute to monocyte/macrophage differentiation.
title: Human health
Creators: name: Bresnan, Eileen
name: Baker-Austin, Craig
name: Campos, Carlos J.A.
name: Davidson, K.
name: Edwards, M.
name: Hall, A.
name: Lees, David
name: McKinney, A.
name: Milligan, S.
name: Silke, J.
Publisher: name: Marine Climate Change Impacts Partnership (MCCIP), Lowestoft, UK
Year: 2017

description: MCCIP Science Review 2017, 100-107
A large interspersed repeat found in mouse DNA contains a long open reading frame that evolves as if it encodes a protein.
Creators: name: Edgell, M. H.
name: Voliva, C. F.
name: Burton, F. H.
name: Hutchison, C. A.
name: Martin, S. L.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1984

description: DNA sequence analysis of a region contained within a large, interspersed repetitive family of mice reveals a long open reading frame. This sequence extends 978 base pairs between two stop codons, creating a reading frame that is open for 326 amino acids. The DNA sequence in this region is conserved between three distantly related Mus species, as well as between mouse and monkey, in a manner that is characteristic of regions undergoing selection for protein function.
The Evolving Block Universe and the Meshing Together of Times
Creators: name: Ellis, George F R
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is proposed that spacetime should be regarded as an evolving block universe, bounded to the future by the present time, which continually extends to the future. This future boundary is defined at each time by measuring proper time along Ricci eigenlines from the start of the universe. A key point is that physical reality can be represented at many different scales: hence the passage of times may be seen as different at different scales, with quantum gravity determining the evolution of space time itself but quantum field theory determining the evolution of events within spacetime .The fundamental issue then arises as to how the effective times at different scales mesh together, leading to the concept so global and local times.
description: 23 pages,4 figures
Detection of a pancreatic cancer-associated antigen (DU-PAN-2 antigen) in serum and ascites of patients with adenocarcinoma.
Creators: name: Seigler, H. F.
name: Sandler, R. S.
name: Finn, O. J.
name: Rodriguez, N.
name: Metzgar, R. S.
name: Daasch, V. N.
name: Lan, M. S.
name: Meyers, W. C.
name: Fernsten, P. D.
name: Sindelar, W. F.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1984

description: A competition radioimmunoassay was developed, utilizing a murine monoclonal antibody to human pancreatic adenocarcinoma cells. Immunoblotting of a standard antigen preparation from either serum or ascites fluid after electrophoresis in 1% agarose showed that the specific DU-PAN-2 activity resided in two major high molecular weight bands. DU-PAN-2 antigen levels were expressed as arbitrary units based on a standard partially purified antigen preparation. The inhibition curve with standard antigen was reproducible (SD less than 10%) and essentially linear from 25 to 200 units/ml. The mean DU-PAN-2 antigen concentration for the sera from 126 normal individuals was 81 units/ml. Sera from pediatric patients with malignancy had a mean of 127 units/ml, while nasopharyngeal, stage III melanoma, and ovarian carcinoma patients had means of 89, 92, and 119 units/ml, respectively. All values in normal subjects as well as the melanoma, nasopharyngeal, ovarian, and pediatric cancer patients were less than 400 units/ml. Intermediate antigen levels were detected in patients with alimentary tract malignancies. Eight of 20 gastric cancer and 8 of 76 colorectal carcinoma patients and 3 patients with benign or nonmalignant gastrointestinal tract disease had DU-PAN-2 values exceeding 400 units/ml. Ascites fluids from 6/6 and pancreatic juice from 2/2 pancreatic cancer patients had values greater than 750 units/ml. Serum from 68% of the 89 pancreatic cancer patients tested had DU-PAN-2 antigen levels greater than 400 units/ml. The mean serum value in this patient population was 4888 units/ml.
title: Impacts of climate change on fisheries
Creators: name: Pinnegar, John K.
name: Garrett, A.
name: Simpson, S.D.
name: Engelhard, G.H.
name: Van Der Kooij, J.
Publisher: name: Marine Climate Change Impacts Partnership (MCCIP), Lowestoft, UK
Year: 2017

description: MCCIP Science Review 2017, 73-99
Escherichia coli DNA photolyase stimulates uvrABC excision nuclease in vitro.
Creators: name: Franklin, K. A.
name: Sancar, A.
name: Sancar, G. B.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1984

description: Pyrimidine dimers are the major photoproducts produced in cellular DNA upon UV irradiation. In Escherichia coli there are dark and photorepair mechanisms that eliminate the dimers from DNA and prevent their lethal and mutagenic effects. To determine whether these repair mechanisms act cooperatively or competitively in repairing DNA, we investigated the effects upon one another of DNA photolyase, which mediates photorepair, and uvrABC excision nuclease, an enzyme complex of the uvrABC gene products, which catalyzes nucleotide excision repair. We found that photolyase stimulates the removal of pyrimidine dimers but not other DNA adducts by uvrABC excision nuclease. The two subunits of uvrABC excision nuclease, the uvrA and uvrB proteins which together bind to the dimer region of DNA, had no effect on the activity of photolyase. T4 endonuclease V, which like photolyase is specific for pyrimidine dimers, was inhibited by photolyase, suggesting that these two proteins recognize the same or similar chemical structures in UV-irradiated DNA that are different from those recognized by uvrABC excision nuclease.
Untangling Jurisdictional Complexities for Crew Labour Regulations on Fishing Vessels in the Western and Central Pacific Ocean
Creators: name: Haas, Bianca
name: Oh, Seoyeon
name: Dalton, Kathryn
name: Chang, Shui-Kai
name: Fitzpatrick, Juno
name: Minami, Kengo
name: Matsui, Hiroaki
name: Xue, Guifang (Julia)
name: An, Ji-Eun
name: Azmi, Kamal
name: Davis, Ruth
name: Lin, Han-Yu
name: Jung, Myung-Hwa
name: Hanich, Quentin
Publisher: name: Brill Online
Year: 2023
Subjects: Environmental and resources law not elsewhere classified

description: The transnational nature of seafood supply chains, including different jurisdictions with varying degrees of responsibility and opportunity, creates a high risk for labour abuse. The ratification of the International Labour Organization’s Work in Fishing Convention, C188, has been low, making the enforcement of national labour regulations very important. This article summarises national labour regulations of key flag States that fish in the Western and Central Pacific Ocean and compare these regulations to C188. The findings highlight the gaps between national regulations and international labour standards. Although the primary responsibility for crew labour standards lies with the flag State, tools at the coastal, crew, port and market State levels are introduced that could support better protection of fishing crew. While the legal infrastructure to address labour issues on fishing vessels exists in theory, more work is needed to increase the performance, enforcement, monitoring and accountability of the existing regulations.
Compressive strain-induced metal-insulator transition in orthorhombic SrIrO3 thin films
Creators: name: Gruenewald, J. H.
name: Nichols, J.
name: Terzic, J.
name: Cao, G.
name: Brill, J. W.
name: Seo, S. S. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have investigated the electronic properties of epitaxial orthorhombic SrIrO3 thin-films under compressive strain. The metastable, orthorhombic SrIrO3 thin-films are synthesized on various substrates using an epi-stabilization technique. We have observed that as in-plane lattice compression is increased, the dc-resistivity (\r{ho}) of the thin films increases by a few orders of magnitude, and the d\r{ho}/dT changes from positive to negative values. However, optical absorption spectra show Drude-like, metallic responses without an optical gap opening for all compressively-strained thin films. Transport measurements under magnetic fields show negative magneto-resistance at low temperature for compressively-strained thin-films. Our results suggest that weak localization is responsible for the strain-induced metal-insulator transition for the orthorhombic SrIrO3 thin-films.
description: 5 figurs
title: Non-native species
Creators: name: Cottier-Cook, Elizabeth J.
name: Beveridge, C.
name: Bishop, J.D.
name: Brodie, J.
name: Clark, P.F.
name: Epstein, G.
name: Jenkins, Stuart
name: Johns, D.G.
name: Loxton, J.
name: MacLeod, A.
name: Maggs, Christine
name: Minchin, Dan
name: Mineur, F.
name: Sewell, Jack
name: Wood, C.A.
Publisher: name: Marine Climate Change Impacts Partnership (MCCIP), Lowestoft, UK
Year: 2017

description: MCCIP Science Review 2017, 47-61
Glycine-directed peptide amidation: presence in rat brain of two enzymes that convert p-Glu-His-Pro-Gly-OH into p-Glu-His-Pro-NH2 (thyrotropin-releasing hormone).
Creators: name: Busby, W. H.
name: Youngblood, W. W.
name: Cottle, C.
name: Kizer, J. S.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1984

description: To study the possibility of glycine-directed amidation in rat brain, we synthesized the substrate p-Glu-His-Pro-Gly-OH. Adult and neonatal rat brain and adult rat pituitary were sonicated, frozen and thawed, and fractionated by gel permeation chromatography, and fractions from each tissue were assayed for enzymatic activity capable of converting this model substrate into thyrotropin-releasing hormone. We report the presence in rat brain and rat pituitary of two enzymes catalyzing conversion of p-Glu-His-Pro-Gly-OH into thyrotropin-releasing hormone. Based on the differing chemical and physical properties of these two enzymes and their differing affinities for a number of p-Glu-His-Pro-aa-OH analogs (in which aa = glycine, beta-alanine, gamma-butyric acid, and delta-aminovaleric acid), we conclude that there are two distinct enzymatic processes for the terminal amidation of peptides in brain and that COOH-terminal extensions other than glycine are capable of directing COOH-terminal amidation.
On-the-fly Probabilistic Model Checking
Creators: name: Latella, Diego
name: Loreti, Michele
name: Massink, Mieke
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: F.3.1; D.2.4

description: Model checking approaches can be divided into two broad categories: global approaches that determine the set of all states in a model M that satisfy a temporal logic formula f, and local approaches in which, given a state s in M, the procedure determines whether s satisfies f. When s is a term of a process language, the model checking procedure can be executed "on-the-fly", driven by the syntactical structure of s. For certain classes of systems, e.g. those composed of many parallel components, the local approach is preferable because, depending on the specific property, it may be sufficient to generate and inspect only a relatively small part of the state space. We propose an efficient, on-the-fly, PCTL model checking procedure that is parametric with respect to the semantic interpretation of the language. The procedure comprises both bounded and unbounded until modalities. The correctness of the procedure is shown and its efficiency is compared with a global PCTL model checker on representative applications.
description: In Proceedings ICE 2014, arXiv:1410.7013
title: Gemeinschaft und Repression : Kontinuitäten in trans* Geschichte
Creators: name: Reißner, Joy
Publisher: name: DuEPublico
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Gender
subject: Diskriminierung
subject: Geschichte
subject: 300

description: Die Geschichte von trans* Personen gilt auch heute für viele noch als verhandel- und bestreitbar. Dabei ist sie auch gezeichnet von Gewalt und Willkür durch Dominanzgesellschaft und Staatsgewalt, insbesondere während des Nationalsozialismus in Deutschland. In diesem Beitrag gehe ich der Frage nach, wie Lebensrealitäten von Menschen aussahen, die sich nicht (vollständig) mit dem zugewiesenen Geschlecht identifizierten.
description: blog interdisziplinäre geschlechterforschung
Inhibition of the mitogenic effects of plasma by a monoclonal antibody to somatomedin C.
Creators: name: Russell, W. E.
name: Pledger, W. J.
name: Van Wyk, J. J.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1984

description: Immunoneutralization studies with a monoclonal antibody to somatomedin C (Sm-C) were undertaken to further determine the role of this peptide in cellular proliferation. For our model we used density-arrested cultures of BALB/c 3T3 cells. Transient exposure of these cells to platelet-derived growth factor enables them to respond to platelet-poor plasma by progressing through the G1 stage and undergoing renewed DNA synthesis. In this system, the combination of nanogram concentrations of Sm-C and epidermal growth factor can fully substitute for plasma, and microgram concentrations of insulin can substitute for Sm-C by crossreacting with the Sm-C receptor. We now show that a monoclonal antibody to Sm-C, which in defined medium blocks the mitogenic effect of Sm-C but not insulin, also blocks the stimulation of DNA synthesis by human plasma or calf serum. Furthermore, by adding the antibody at progressively later times during G1, we show that these cells escape from their dependence on Sm-C for DNA synthesis after traversing G1 to a point at or near the G1/S boundary.
ShoreScape
Creators: name: Van Bergen, Janneke
Publisher: name: A+BE | Architecture and the Built Environment
Year: 2023

description: Urbanized sandy shores around the world suffer from coastal erosion due to a lack of sediment input and sea level rise. These dynamics place new demands on coastal spatial planning. To compensate for coastal erosion in a more natural and systemic way, sand nourishments are deployed as a ‘Building with Nature’ technique, restoring the sediment balance and promoting dune formation as coastal defence. In this research, Building with Nature is reframed as a landscape approach, regenerating the coastal landscape by tuning the interactions between the geomorphological, ecological, and urban system, to adapt to sea level rise. To this end, design principles have been developed that integrate nourishment dynamics, natural succession, and adaptive urban design to build towards safe and multi-functional coastal landscapes— Shore-Scapes. They focus on spatial coastal configurations utilizing wind-driven sedimentation processes to build up the coastal buffer, supporting dune formation, multifunctionality, and landscape differentiation. To direct sediment dynamics for coastal reinforcement and landscaping, three subsequent tools for dynamic design have been derived: morphogenesis, dynamic profiling, and aeolian design principles. With these principles, validated by fieldwork, GIS, and computational modelling, spatial arrangements can be composed enhancing the aeolian build-up of the coastal landscape over time. These principles were applied and contextualized in four case studies along the Dutch coast. They illustrate how dunes along urbanized shores can grow naturally after nourishment and allow coastal safety, recreation, and nature to complement each other.
description: A+BE | Architecture and the Built Environment, No. 09 (2023): ShoreScape
Is ATP a central synaptic mediator for certain primary afferent fibers from mammalian skin?
Creators: name: Fyffe, R. E.
name: Perl, E. R.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1984

description: The possibility that ATP acts as a synaptic mediator at the central terminals of primary afferent fibers was examined by applying it iontophoretically to neurons of the outer layers of the cat spinal cord in vivo. ATP proved to be selectively excitatory for a limited subset of spinal neurons. Those units consistently excited by ATP iontophoresis with very small currents (2-15 nA) responded to gentle mechanical stimulation of the skin and usually evidenced excitatory input from unmyelinated primary afferent fibers. Most units excited by ATP were specifically mechanoreceptive; a few neurons receiving excitatory input from both low-threshold mechanoreceptors and nociceptors also responded to ATP. Selectively nocireceptive neurons were unresponsive. Generally, the mechanoreceptive neurons excited by ATP were located in the deeper substantia gelatinosa or in the immediately adjacent nucleus proprius of the dorsal horn. The results suggest the presence of a purinergic excitatory receptor on central neurons receiving excitatory projection from tactile mechanoreceptors with fine-diameter afferent fibers and are consistent with the possibility that an ATP-like agent may mediate central synaptic excitation for this set of sense organs.
Nucleotide sequence of the gene encoding the fusion (F) glycoprotein of human respiratory syncytial virus.
Creators: name: Huang, Y. T.
name: Wertz, G. W.
name: Collins, P. L.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1984

description: The nucleotide sequence of the mRNA encoding the F protein of respiratory syncytial (RS) virus (strain A2) was determined from cDNA clones that contain the complete mRNA sequence. The mRNA is 1899 nucleotides long exclusive of polyadenylylate. The single major open reading frame encodes a protein of 574 amino acids, with a calculated molecular weight of 63,453. Major structural features predicted from the amino acid sequence include an NH2-terminal signal sequence (residues 1-22), hydrophobic transmembrane anchor sequence (residues 525-550), five potential acceptor sites for asparagine-linked carbohydrate, and a potential site (residues 131-136) for the proteolytic cleavage that generates the disulfide-linked F1 and F2 subunits, which, by analogy to other paramyxoviruses, constitute the biologically active form of the F protein. The sequence also contains an internal hydrophobic domain (residues 137-154) that, as a consequence of the activating proteolytic cleavage described above, would become the NH2 terminus of the larger, F1 subunit. The amino acid sequence of the hydrophobic terminus of the F1 subunit is known to be highly conserved among several paramyxoviruses but is markedly dissimilar for RS virus. The F2 subunit is relatively hydrophilic and contains four of the five potential carbohydrate acceptor sites. The subunit order is NH2-F2-F1-COOH. The nucleotide sequences at the 5' and 3' mRNA termini are conserved among the eight RS viral mRNAs sequenced to date. The conserved sequences are: 5' G-G-G-G-C-A-A-A-U ... A-G-U-AU-A-(N)0-2-AU-U-poly(A). These are candidates to be signals for viral transcription. The nucleotide and amino acid sequences described further define the relationship between RS virus and other paramyxoviruses.
Pertussis toxin differentiates between two mechanisms of attenuation of cyclic AMP accumulation by muscarinic cholinergic receptors.
Creators: name: Martin, M. W.
name: Hughes, A. R.
name: Harden, T. K.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1984

description: It has been proposed elsewhere [Meeker, R. B. & Harden, T. K. (1982) Mol. Pharmacol. 22, 310-319] that muscarinic cholinergic receptor-mediated attenuation of cAMP accumulation occurs through activation of phosphodiesterase in 1321N1 human astrocytoma cells. Pertussis toxin, which ADP-ribosylates the guanine nucleotide regulatory protein involved in receptor-mediated inhibition of adenylate cyclase (Ni), has been utilized to further differentiate between the mechanism of cholinergic regulation of cAMP metabolism in 1321N1 cells and the mechanism involving inhibition of adenylate cyclase in other tissues. Muscarinic receptor-mediated regulation of cAMP accumulation in NG108-15 neuroblastoma-glioma cells occurs through inhibition of adenylate cyclase. Pretreatment of these cells with pertussis toxin completely blocked the capacity of carbachol to attenuate cAMP accumulation. In contrast, concentrations of pertussis toxin two to three orders of magnitude higher than those effective in NG108-15 cells had no effect on muscarinic receptor-mediated attentuation of cAMP accumulation in 1321N1 cells. In addition, no effect of pertussis toxin was observed either on the control rate or the carbachol-stimulated rate of cAMP degradation measured directly in intact 1321N1 cells. A 41,000 Mr protein previously proposed to be the α subunit of Ni was labeled during incubation of a plasma membrane fraction from 1321N1 cells with [32P]NAD and pertussis toxin. Pertussis toxin is apparently active in 1321N1 cells, since this protein substrate was not labeled in plasma membrane preparations from cells previously incubated with toxin. Functional activity of Ni was demonstrated by the observation that guanosine 5′-[γ -thio]triphosphate- and GTP-mediated inhibition of forskolin-stimulated adenylate cyclase activity occurred in cell-free preparations from 1321N1 cells. The inhibitory activity of these guanine nucleotides was lost in membrane preparations from pertussis toxin-treated cells. The data suggest that adenylate cyclase is not involved in cholinergic action in 1321N1 cells and, furthermore, Ni is not involved in muscarinic receptor-mediated activation of phosphodiesterase in these cells. Thus, pertussis toxin can be used to differentiate between two mechanisms of cholinergic regulation of cAMP metabolism.
The Boolean Algebra of Cubical Areas as a Tensor Product in the Category of Semilattices with Zero
Creators: name: Ninin, Nicolas
name: Haucourt, Emmanuel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper we describe a model of concurrency together with an algebraic structure reflecting the parallel composition. For the sake of simplicity we restrict to linear concurrent programs i.e. the ones with no loops nor branching. Such programs are given a semantics using cubical areas. Such a semantics is said to be geometric. The collection of all these cubical areas enjoys a structure of tensor product in the category of semi-lattice with zero. These results naturally extend to fully fledged concurrent programs up to some technical tricks.
description: In Proceedings ICE 2014, arXiv:1410.7013
Rotational splitting as a function of mode frequency for six Sun-like stars
Creators: name: Nielsen, M. B.
name: Gizon, L.
name: Schunker, H.
name: Schou, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Asteroseismology offers the prospect of constraining differential rotation in Sun-like stars. Here we have identified six high signal-to-noise main-sequence Sun-like stars in the Kepler field, which all have visible signs of rotational splitting of their p-mode frequencies. For each star, we extract the rotational frequency splitting and inclination angle from separate mode sets (adjacent modes with l=2, 0, and 1) spanning the p-mode envelope. We use a Markov chain Monte Carlo method to obtain the best fit and errors associated with each parameter. We are able to make independent measurements of rotational splittings of ~8 radial orders for each star. For all six stars, the measured splittings are consistent with uniform rotation, allowing us to exclude large radial differential rotation. This work opens the possibility of constraining internal rotation of Sun-like stars.
description: Published in Astronomy and Astrophysics. 4 pages, 3 figures
Phagocytic cells metabolize 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 in vitro.
Creators: name: Gray, T. K.
name: Cohen, M. S.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1984

description: Phagocytic cells are widely distributed in tissues known to be important in the metabolism of vitamin D. Incubation of human polymorphonuclear leukocytes and monocytes and resident rat peritoneal macrophages with 3H-labeled 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 leads to the formation of three radioactive peaks. Peak I is most consistent with a lactone derivative of 25-hydroxyvitamin D3, and peak II has been identified as putative 24,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3. Peak III is a novel metabolite of 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 unlike any of the synthetic standards available in our laboratories. Human neutrophils converted more substrate than did the other phagocytes examined. The stimulation of neutrophils by opsonized zymosan or phorbol myristate acetate led to a 4-fold increase in synthesis of the metabolites. These results suggest that vitamin D metabolism by phagocytic cells may play a role in the microenvironmental events that surround bony metabolism and calcium homeostasis.
Modeling Charge-Sign Asymmetric Solvation Free Energies With Nonlinear Boundary Conditions
Creators: name: Bardhan, Jaydeep P.
name: Knepley, Matthew G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science (cs.CE)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We show that charge-sign-dependent asymmetric hydration can be modeled accurately using linear Poisson theory but replacing the standard electric-displacement boundary condition with a simple nonlinear boundary condition. Using a single multiplicative scaling factor to determine atomic radii from molecular dynamics Lennard-Jones parameters, the new model accurately reproduces MD free-energy calculations of hydration asymmetries for (i) monatomic ions, (ii) titratable amino acids in both their protonated and unprotonated states, and (iii) the Mobley "bracelet" and "rod" test problems [J. Phys. Chem. B, v. 112:2408, 2008]. Remarkably, the model also justifies the use of linear response expressions for charging free energies. Our boundary-element method implementation demonstrates the ease with which other continuum-electrostatic solvers can be extended to include asymmetry.
description: 7 pages, 2 figures, accepted to Journal of Chemical Physics
The translational mobility of substances within the cytoplasmic matrix.
Creators: name: Jacobson, K.
name: Wojcieszyn, J.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1984

description: The translational mobility of fluorescent-labeled molecules injected into the cytoplasm of living cells can be measured by the fluorescence recovery after photobleaching (FRAP) technique. In the fibroblast cytoplasm, the diffusion coefficients, D, of test macromolecules ranging in molecular weight from 12,000 to 440,000 are about 10(-8) cm2/sec and exhibit almost no dependence on molecular weight. FRAP experiments also showed that macromolecular diffusion within Sepharose beads having an effective pore size smaller than the "microtrabecular lattice" is only slightly retarded compared to buffer values--in contrast to the marked retardation measured in the cytoplasm. This leads to the conclusion that diffusion in the cytomatrix is dominated not by steric effects but rather by binding of the diffusing species to elements of the cytomatrix. These diffusion rates were difficult to modulate; cytochalasin, colchicine (except at 5 degrees C), and taxol treatments had little effect. The diffusion rates were not dependent on cellular energy metabolism. However, hypotonic treatment increased the D for bovine serum albumin by nearly 2-fold, whereas hypertonic treatment halved D. Withdrawing the free water from the cell by using 44% polyethylene glycol treatment stopped the translational mobility of the test molecules. A survey of the recent literature is presented, which shows that major differences in the cytomatrix of different cell types exist with respect to the translational diffusion of injected probes. Finally, the spectrum of cytoplasmic translational mobilities ranging from small molecules to organelles is discussed.
Tissue concentrations of somatomedin C: further evidence for multiple sites of synthesis and paracrine or autocrine mechanisms of action.
Creators: name: Underwood, L. E.
name: Stiles, A. D.
name: D'Ercole, A. J.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1984

description: We have validated a method for extracting and measuring the tissue content of somatomedin C (Sm-C)/insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I), a growth-hormone-dependent, growth-promoting peptide. The Sm-C content of tissue extracts was strongly growth-hormone dependent because most of the tissues studied from hypophysectomized rats contained significantly less Sm-C than normal tissues. The intraperitoneal administration of ovine growth hormone (oGH) to hypophysectomized rats caused tissue extractable Sm-C to increase in kidney, liver, lung, heart, and testes. Tissue Sm-C responses to oGH were maximal after 12 hr, 6 hr before the maximal increment in serum. In liver and lung, the tissue Sm-C response to various doses of oGH fit linear regression models, and the doses of oGH needed to increase the Sm-C are in the range of those required to increase protein synthesis. Although these results do not exclude the possibility that the somatomedins act by hormone-like endocrine mechanisms, they add support to the concept that these peptides act through autocrine or paracrine mechanisms, being produced at multiple sites and acting at or near their sites of production.
Activation regions in a yeast transposon have homology to mating type control sequences and to mammalian enhancers.
Creators: name: Errede, B.
name: Yarnell, W. S.
name: Ferchak, J. D.
name: Hutchison, C. A.
name: Company, M.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1985

description: The DNA sequence of the Ty1 activating region from the CYC7-H2 mutant of Saccharomyces cerevisiae is presented. Analysis of the data revealed the presence of four simian virus 40-type enhancer core sequences. Two of the Ty1 enhancer cores are contiguous with sequences also homologous to the diploid control site at MAT alpha. We postulate that these two Ty1 regions of approximately equal to 30 base pairs are regulatory blocks, and we have analyzed deletions to ascertain whether they are necessary for effects of Ty1 on adjacent gene expression. We found that activation is lost when a restriction fragment encompassing both postulated regulatory blocks is deleted. Deletion of restriction fragments that remove only one of the two regulatory blocks has little or no effect on Ty1 activating ability in haploid yeast cells or on repression of this function in diploid yeast cells. Because the most significant internal homologies in the restriction fragments analyzed are the putative regulatory blocks, these observations suggest that enhancer-like sequences are involved in cell-type control of Ty1 effects on gene expression.