cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Identification of key volatiles in boiled chicken aroma
Creators: name: Yeo, H.Q.
name: Balagiannis, D.P.
name: Koek, J.H.
name: Parker, J.K.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: chicken
beef
Likens-Nickerson
Maillard
lipid

description: In this study, we used Likens Nickerson simultaneous distillation extraction to simulate the boiling of chicken in a closed system, such as might be used when preparing a casserole, stew or stock. In the boiled chicken (BC), most of the volatiles identified using Gas Chromatography-Olfactometry (GC-O) were sulphur-containing compounds, which are derived from the Maillard reaction. Families of oxazoles, thiazoles and thiazolines were also found in the extracts by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS), and novel thiazolines such as 2,4,5-trimethylthiazoline (roasted onion) and 2,4-dimethylthiazoline (meaty) were identified by GC-O. Despite their occurrence at low concentrations, their low odour thresholds make them important contributors to the aroma of boiled chicken. Meanwhile, lipid oxidation resulted in the formation of unsaturated aldehydes such as (E)-2-nonenal, (E,E)-2,4-nonadienal and (E,E)-2,4-decadienal.
A Quantum-Quantum Metropolis Algorithm
Creators: name: Yung, Man-Hong
name: Aspuru-Guzik, Alán
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently, the idea of classical Metropolis sampling through Markov chains has been generalized for quantum Hamiltonians. However, the underlying Markov chain of this algorithm is still classical in nature. Due to Szegedy's method, the Markov chains of classical Hamiltonians can achieve a quadratic quantum speedup in the eigenvalue gap of the corresponding transition matrix. A natural question to ask is whether Szegedy's quantum speedup is merely a consequence of employing classical Hamiltonians, where the eigenstates simply coincide with the computational basis, making cloning of the classical information possible. We solve this problem by introducing a quantum version of the method of Markov-chain quantization combined with the quantum simulated annealing (QSA) procedure, and describe explicitly a novel quantum Metropolis algorithm, which exhibits a quadratic quantum speedup in the eigenvalue gap of the corresponding Metropolis Markov chain for any quantum Hamiltonian. This result provides a complete generalization of the classical Metropolis method to the quantum domain.
description: 7 pages
1967 Christmas message ; 1968 New Year's Day message; [and] Prayer for peace. Pope Paul VI.
Creators: name: PaulVI,Pope,1897-1978.
Publisher: name: University of Notre Dame
Year: 2023

description:
 Cover title.
 Christmas message 1967.
 1968 New Year's Day message.
 New Year's Day message 1968.
 Prayer for peace.
Half-integer flux quantization in a superconducting loop with a ferromagnetic pi-junction
Creators: name: Bauer, A.
name: Bentner, J.
name: Aprili, M.
name: Della Rocca, L.
name: Strunk, Christoph
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: 530 Physik
subject: 74.50.+r
subject: 85.25.Cp.

description: Superconducting loops containing a pi-junction are predicted to show a spontaneous magnetic moment in zero external magnetic field. In order to confirm this longstanding prediction experimentally, we performed magnetization measurements on individual mesoscopic superconducting niobium loops with a ferromagnetic (PdNi) pi-junction. The loops are prepared on top of the active area of a micro Hall-sensor based on high mobility GaAs/AlGaAs heterostructures. We observe switching of the loop between different magnetization states at very low-magnetic fields, which is asymmetric for positive and negative sweep direction. This is evidence for a spontaneous current induced by the intrinsic phase shift of the pi-junction. In addition, the presence of the spontaneous current at zero applied field is directly revealed by an increase of the magnetic moment with decreasing temperature, which results in a half integer flux quantization in the loop at low temperatures.
The Mass Mixing Length in Convective Stellar Envelopes
Creators: name: Trampedach, Regner
name: Stein, Robert F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The scale length over which convection mixes mass in a star can be calculated as the inverse of the vertical derivative of the unidirectional (up or down) mass flux. This is related to the mixing length in the mixing length theory of stellar convection. We give the ratio of mass mixing length to pressure scale height for a grid of 3D surface convection simulations, covering from 4300\,K to 6900\,K on the main-sequence, and up to giants at $\log g = 2.2$, all for solar composition. These simulations also confirm what is already known from solar simulations, that convection doesn't proceed by discrete convective elements, but rather as a continuous, slow, smooth, warm upflow and turbulent, entropy deficient, fast down drafts. This convective topology also results in mixing on a scale as that of the classic mixing length formulation, and is simply a consequence of mass conservation on flows in a stratified atmosphere.
description: 14 pages, 6 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ
Simultaneous removing algal and its extracellular organic matters by Mg/Al-layered double hydroxide /La-montmorillonite
Creators: name: Yang, Yuankun
name: Liu, Jie
name: Ma, Tian
name: Song, Tao
name: Feng, Xiaoqian
name: Su, Mingyue
name: Li, Lunzhen
name: Tu, Weiguo
name: Liu, Zhaoqiang
name: Chen, Shu
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Cell Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Hematology
subject: Plant Biology

description: Rapid and effective simultaneous removal of algal and extracellular organic matter (EOM) is essential for algal blooms water emergency treatment. In this study, a composite material was prepared by physical and chemical interaction between La-montmorillonite (La-MMT) and Mg/Al-layered double hydroxide (LDHs), and its removal effect of algal and extracellular organic matters (EOM) was investigated. The results showed that the removal rate of chlorophyll a (chl-a) was 96.8% within 2 h when the LDHs/La-MMT2:1 dosage was 1.0 g/L. Three-dimensional fluorescence characteristic spectra and parallel factor analysis showed that the removal of EOM by composite material mainly reflected in the removal of humus-like substances. The reaction heat of composite material for the algal solution was -32.7 J/g. Zeta potential changed from -25.7 mV to -16.9 mV, the main treatment mechanisms of composite material were surface adsorption, complexation precipitation, charge neutralization, and ion exchange. These findings herein proposed that composite material was a potential and proper treating agent for removing algal cells and EOM from algal blooms water.
Effect of vortex-core size on the flux lattice in a mesoscopic superconducting strip
Creators: name: Kokanovic, I.
name: Helzel, Andreas
name: Babic, D.
name: Sürgers, C.
name: Strunk, Christoph
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: amorphous state, flux-line lattice, germanium alloys, mesoscopic systems, niobium alloys
subject: 530 Physik
subject: 74.78.Na
subject: 74.78.Db
subject: 74.25.Qt
subject: 74.25.Fy

description: We present an experimental study of the vortex-motion dissipation in a mesoscopic amorphous (a-)Nb0.7Ge0.3 strip, with emphasis on the results for 3-8 vortex rows parallel to the long strip axis. In the isothermal voltage vs magnetic field traces, at a constant current, we observe plateaus superimposed onto a monotonic background. The plateaus appear because finite vortex-core size influences the accommodation of the flux lattice into the strip. This conclusion is drawn from a quantitative analysis, which is free of adjustable parameters, of the magnetic fields that edge the plateaus.
Supplementary data.docx
Creators: name: Palacios, Javier
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 429999
subject: Other health sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Summary of previous studies designed to investigate the effects of sexual hormones on Ca2+-handling proteins related to sarcorplasmic reticulum and plasma membrane in vasculature
Hydrogen pore formation in an Al-Si alloy – an examination of the role of hydrogen macrosegregation
Creators: name: Fan, Pan
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2018

description: Porosity related defects are one of the leading causes of cast rejection in casting industry since they are detrimental to the fatigue performance of the cast components, primarily when the pores are located in an area of high cyclic stress or located near the surface. Many efforts have been made to develop computational models that predict pore formation. However, one aspect of microporosity formation that has previously not been considered in detail is the effect of macrosegregation of hydrogen. Towards this goal, the user-defined scalars and corresponding user-defined functions were developed to account for hydrogen macrosegregation during solidification of low pressure die casting (LPDC) of A356 aluminum alloy wheels. Numerical simulation of the LPDC process has been implemented within the commercial CFD software package, FLUENT 16.0. The model has been validated against temperature and microstructural data taken from a commercially cast wheel. The amount of species (silicon and hydrogen) segregation in the wheel has been shown to be significant in the rim/spoke junction. The output data from the FLUENT model were then fed into the in-house microporosity model to predict pore size distribution at discrete locations. The in-house microporosity model has been updated to incorporate the effects of hydrogen macrosegregation, cooling rate and local pressure drop on pore size distribution in the wheel cast. The microporosity model used a Gaussian function of hydrogen supersaturation in the melt to simulate nucleation site distribution and assumed pore growth was controlled by hydrogen diffusion process and besides, the model took into account pore growth associated with liquid encapsulation at a high solid fraction. The samples from a cast wheel have been analyzed using X-rayed microtomography to provide basic validation to the microporosity model. The predicted results showed that the evolution in pressure has the dominant effect on pore growth, but only under conditions where pores have nucleated prior to the abrupt pressure drop. Otherwise, the cooling rate appears to have the dominant effect. The model prediction shows pore size increases with decreasing pressured drop and cooling rate.
The Open Systems View and the Everett Interpretation
Creators: name: Cuffaro, Michael E.
name: Hartmann, Stephan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: History and Philosophy of Physics (physics.hist-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is argued that those who defend the Everett, or `Many Worlds', interpretation of quantum mechanics should embrace what we call the general quantum theory of open systems (GT) as the proper framework in which to conduct foundational and philosophical investigation in quantum physics. GT is a wider dynamical framework than its alternative, standard quantum theory (ST). This is true even though GT makes no modifications to the quantum formalism. GT rather takes a different view, what we call the open systems view, of the formalism; i.e., in GT the dynamics of systems, whose physical states are fundamentally represented by density operators, are represented as fundamentally open as specified by an in general non-unitary dynamical map. This includes, in principle, the dynamics of the universe as a whole. We argue that the more general dynamics describable in GT can be physically motivated, that there is as much prima facie empirical support for GT as there is for ST, and that GT could be fully in the spirit of the Everett interpretation -- that there might, in short, be little reason for an Everettian not to embrace the more general theoretical landscape that GT allows one to explore.
description: 7 pages, no figures. Identical to the published version except for changes made to conform to the journal style
Statistical Characterization of the Chandra Source Catalog
Creators: name: Primini, Francis A.
name: Houck, John C.
name: Davis, John E.
name: Nowak, Michael A.
name: Evans, Ian N.
name: Glotfelty, Kenny J.
name: Anderson, Craig S.
name: Bonaventura, Nina R.
name: Chen, Judy C.
name: Doe, Stephen M.
name: Evans, Janet D.
name: Fabbiano, Giuseppina
name: Galle, Elizabeth C.
name: Gibbs, Danny G.
name: Grier, John D.
name: Hain, Roger M.
name: Hall, Diane M.
name: Harbo, Peter N.
name: Xiangqun
name: He
name: Karovska, Margarita
name: Kashyap, Vinay L.
name: Lauer, Jennifer
name: McCollough, Michael L.
name: McDowell, Jonathan C.
name: Miller, Joseph B.
name: Mitschang, Arik W.
name: Morgan, Douglas L.
name: Mossman, Amy E.
name: Nichols, Joy S.
name: Plummer, David A.
name: Refsdal, Brian L.
name: Rots, Arnold H.
name: Siemiginowska, Aneta
name: Sundheim, Beth A.
name: Tibbetts, Michael S.
name: Van Stone, David W.
name: Winkelman, Sherry L.
name: Zografou, Panagoula
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The first release of the Chandra Source Catalog (CSC) contains ~95,000 X-ray sources in a total area of ~0.75% of the entire sky, using data from ~3,900 separate ACIS observations of a multitude of different types of X-ray sources. In order to maximize the scientific benefit of such a large, heterogeneous data-set, careful characterization of the statistical properties of the catalog, i.e., completeness, sensitivity, false source rate, and accuracy of source properties, is required. Characterization efforts of other, large Chandra catalogs, such as the ChaMP Point Source Catalog (Kim et al. 2007) or the 2 Mega-second Deep Field Surveys (Alexander et al. 2003), while informative, cannot serve this purpose, since the CSC analysis procedures are significantly different and the range of allowable data is much less restrictive. We describe here the characterization process for the CSC. This process includes both a comparison of real CSC results with those of other, deeper Chandra catalogs of the same targets and extensive simulations of blank-sky and point source populations.
description: To be published in the Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series (Fig. 52 replaced with a version which astro-ph can convert to PDF without issues.)
Boundary Plane-Oriented Grain Boundary Model Generation
Creators: name: Hinuma, Yoyo
name: Kohyama, Masanori
name: Tanaka, Shingo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This study proposes algorithms for building tilt grain boundary (GB) models with a boundary plane-oriented approach that does not rely on existence of a coincidence site lattice (CSL). As conventional GB model generation uses the CSL of superimposed grains as the starting point, our totally different approach allows systematic treatment of diverse grain boundary systems that was previously not possible. Candidates of a pair of GB planes for a selected rotation axis, constituting a symmetrical or asymmetrical tilt GB, are thoroughly obtained by computational search that is applicable to any crystal structure. A GB interface for feasible computational analysis would have two-dimensional (2D) periodicity shared by the 2D lattices of the two GB planes, hence surface-slab supercells (slab-and-vacuum models) with common in-plane basis vectors of the shared 2D lattice are obtained. Finally, a procedure to obtain a GB-model supercell with alternately stacking such slabs is given. Symmetry operations of each slab may be considered such that the iterated interfaces are symmetrically equivalent, which is beneficial in ab initio calculations. The proposed algorithms allow streamlined generation of GB models, both symmetric and asymmetric, with or without an exact 3D-CSL relation.
description: Supplementary material available at https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1361-651X/ac58b5
title: Providing sexual health services in England: meeting the needs of young people
Creators: name: Kane, R
Publisher: name: London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine
Year: 2005

description: There is an on-going debate among health professionals, policy-makers and politicians, as to the optimal way of delivering sexual health services to young people. There is as yet, no consensus on their best patterns of organisation or configuration. This study uses qualitative and quantitative research methods, to explore both the views of young people accessing sexual health services, expressed through in-depth interview, and variations in client satisfaction with different characteristics of service delivery, expressed through completion of a questionnaire. The key research questions are:  How does young people’s satisfaction with sexual health services vary with the age-dedication of the service; that is, whether it serves young people only, or all ages?  How does young people’s satisfaction with sexual health services vary with the integration of the service; that is, whether family planning and genito-urinary services are offered separately, or together?  How does young people’s satisfaction with sexual health services vary with the location of the service; that is, in community or hospital based services? In the qualitative component, in-depth interviews were conducted with 25 young people recruited from a purposively selected sample of young people’s services. In the survey, a total sample of 1166 was achieved. Of these, 36% were attending an integrated contraceptive and STI service and 64% were attending a more traditional ‘separate’ service. 48% attended a service dedicated to young people and 52% an all-age service. 50% attended a hospital-based service and 50% a service located in the community. Of the total sample, 22% were male and 78% female. The analysis has been done not on a comparison of services in their entirety, but on a comparison of key features of their organisation, that is, whether they are provided separately as contraceptive and STI sessions or services, or whether these aspects of sexual health provision are integrated in sessions or services (integration); on whether they are run exclusively for young people or for all ages (dedication); and on whether they are located in the community or in a hospital setting (location). Recommendations are made for future service development and delivery and implications for policy are discussed.
Doppler shift in Andreev reflection from a moving superconducting condensate in Nb/InAs Josephson junctions
Creators: name: Rohlfing, Franziska
name: Tkachov, Grygoriy
name: Otto, Florian
name: Richter, Klaus
name: Weiss, Dieter
name: Borghs, G.
name: Strunk, Christoph
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: 530 Physik
subject: 74.45.+c

description: We study narrow ballistic Josephson weak links in an InAs quantum well contacted by Nb electrodes. Measurements of the conductance, excess and critical currents reveal a dramatic magnetic-field suppression of the Andreev reflection amplitude, which occurs even for in-plane field orientation with essentially no magnetic flux through the junction. Our observations demonstrate the presence of an additional energy scale in the spectrum of the hybrid Nb/InAs-banks and the effect of screening currents in them.
Decadal-scale evolution of Elwha River downstream of Glines Canyon Dam : perspectives from numerical modeling
Creators: name: De Rego, Kathryn Grace
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2018

description: The goal of this study is to understand the legacy of dams on river channel evolution. Most major world rivers are dammed, and these features have pervasive impacts on downstream geomorphology. Dam removals have become a popular restoration technique. However, little is known about how rivers respond to dam removal on long timescales, especially with regards to sediment exchanges between the channel and floodplain. We examine how dam emplacement and removal have affected channel stability and migration along Elwha River, a cobble-bedded wandering stream. Two dams were built on the river in the early 20th century, blocking sediment supply to the reaches below them. The dams were removed between 2011 and 2014. A numerical model, MAST-1D, is adapted to simulate channel evolution on the set of reaches between the two dams. New representations of bank erosion, vegetation encroachment, and avulsion are developed to make the model suitable for cobble-bedded streams. In the model, channel width and migration oscillate between a range of values, increasing after avulsions due to reorganization of channel geometry. The model is successful at simulating channel change during the sediment-starved period following dam emplacement. While it replicates the general pattern of channel change following dam removal, the simulations underestimate the competence of the system to export the initial pulse of sediment from the former reservoir deposit. Constraining the volume and caliber of sediment supply from the reservoir is crucial for predicting sediment deposition and storage downstream. Model simulations indicate that dam emplacement results in channel armoring, which reduces the competence of the flow to undercut bank toes, reducing the migration rate and leading to net channel narrowing. Both field and model data show that activation of floodplain channels via avulsion and, to a lesser extent, bank erosion, were responsible for increased levels of channel-floodplain exchange during the post-removal period. We predict that in the future, Elwha River will be more laterally unstable than it was in the 20th century, both due to the legacy of the dam removal and because of climate change.
Factors determining surface oxygen vacancy formation energy in ternary spinel structure oxides with zinc
Creators: name: Hinuma, Yoyo
name: Mine, Shinya
name: Toyao, Takashi
name: Kamachi, Takashi
name: Shimizu, Ken-ichi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Spinel oxides are an important class of materials for heterogeneous catalysis including photocatalysis and electrocatalysis. The surface O vacancy formation energy (EOvac) is a critical quantity on catalyst performance because the surface of metal oxide catalysts often acts as reaction sites, for example, in the Mars-van Krevelen mechanism. However, experimental evaluation of EOvac is very challenging. We obtained the EOvac for (100), (110), and (111) surfaces of normal zinc-based spinel oxides ZnAl2O4, ZnGa2O4, ZnIn2O4, ZnV2O4, ZnCr2O4, ZnMn2O4, ZnFe2O4, and ZnCo2O4. The most stable surface is (100) for all compounds. The smallest EOvac for a surface is the largest in the (100) surface except for ZnCo2O4. For (100) and (110) surfaces, there is a good correlation, over all spinels, between the smallest EOvac for the surface and bulk formation energy, while the ionization potential correlates well in (111) surfaces. Machine learning over EOvac of all surface sites in all orientations and all compounds to find the important factors, or descriptors, that decide the EOvac revealed that bulk and surface-dependent descriptors are the most important, namely the bulk formation energy, a Boolean descriptor on whether the surface is (111), and the ionization potential, followed by geometrical descriptors that are different in each O site.
description: Supplementary material available at https://doi.org/10.1039/D1CP03657B
Η μέθοδος project στο Νέο Πρόγραμμα Σπουδών για το Δημοτικό. Προτάσεις διδασκαλίας
Creators: name: Αποστόλου Δημάκα, Ελένη Στέργιου
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2023
Subjects: Μέθοδος project
Αναλυτικό Πρόγραμμα Σπουδών
Μάθημα των Θρησκευτικών
Project method
Analytical Curriculum
Religious Studies course

description: Η μέθοδος project συμβάλλει ουσιαστικά στη μάθηση και την ανάπτυξη των μαθητών καθώς εμπεριέχει νέες διδακτικές τεχνικές . Η παρούσα εργασία επιχειρεί να παρουσιάσει τη συγκεκριμένη μέθοδο, σε θεωρητικό και πρακτικό επίπεδο. Στο πρώτο και δεύτερο μέρος της εργασίας μου γίνεται μία θεωρητική προσέγγιση της μεθόδου project, κάνοντας ειδικά λόγο για τη θεμελίωσή της, για την τεχνική της, για τα διάφορα μοντέλα καθώς και για τις προοπτικές της εφαρμογής της. Στο τρίτο μέρος, γίνεται αναφορά για τη μέθοδο project στο δημοτικό σχολείο στην Ελλάδα από το 2000 και ύστερα. Συγκεκριμένα εξετάζεται ο τρόπος παρουσίασης και η θέση της μεθόδου project στα Αναλυτικά Προγράμματα Σπουδών στο ΔΕΠΠΣ ( 2003) και στα νέα Προγράμματα Σπουδών του Μαθήματος των Θρησκευτικών στο δημοτικό σχολείο (2021-2023). Αναφέρονται ενδεικτικά project ανά τάξη και ανά Θεματικό Πεδίο/Θεματική Ενότητα για τις τάξεις του δημοτικού σχολείου (Γ,Δ,Ε,ΣΤ) ενώ τέλος παρουσιάζεται μια προτεινόμενη πρόταση διδασκαλίας για τους μαθητές της έκτης τάξης του δημοτικού, με τίτλο «Ψηφιακό Λεξικό Θρησκευτικών Όρων».
description: The project method essentially contributes to the learning and development of students as it includes new teaching techniques. This paper attempts to present the specific method, at a theoretical and practical level. In the first and second part of my work, a theoretical approach to the project method is made, specifically speaking about its foundation, its technique, the various models as well as the perspectives of its application. In the third part, there is a report on the project method in the primary school in Greece from 2000 onwards. In particular, the way of presentation and the position of the project method in the Analytical Curricula at the DEPPS (2003) and in the new Curricula of the Religious Studies Course in the primary school (2021-2023) are examined. Indicative projects are mentioned per class and per Thematic Field/Thematic Unit for the primary school classes (G, D, E, F) while finally a proposed teaching proposal for the students of the sixth grade of the primary school is presented, entitled "Dictionary of Religious Terms".
SPIRE imaging of M82: cool dust in the wind and tidal streams
Creators: name: Roussel, H.
name: Wilson, C. D.
name: Vigroux, L.
name: Isaak, K. G.
name: Sauvage, M.
name: Madden, S. C.
name: Auld, R.
name: Baes, M.
name: Barlow, M. J.
name: Bendo, G. J.
name: Bock, J. J.
name: Boselli, A.
name: Bradford, M.
name: Buat, V.
name: Castro-Rodriguez, N.
name: Chanial, P.
name: Charlot, S.
name: Ciesla, L.
name: Clements, D. L.
name: Cooray, A.
name: Cormier, D.
name: Cortese, L.
name: Davies, J. I.
name: Dwek, E.
name: Eales, S. A.
name: Elbaz, D.
name: Galametz, M.
name: Galliano, F.
name: Gear, W. K.
name: Glenn, J.
name: Gomez, H. L.
name: Griffin, M.
name: Hony, S.
name: Levenson, L. R.
name: Lu, N.
name: O'Halloran, B.
name: Okumura, K.
name: Oliver, S.
name: Page, M. J.
name: Panuzzo, P.
name: Papageorgiou, A.
name: Parkin, T. J.
name: Perez-Fournon, I.
name: Pohlen, M.
name: Rangwala, N.
name: Rigby, E. E.
name: Rykala, A.
name: Sacchi, N.
name: Schulz, B.
name: Schirm, M. R. P.
name: Smith, M. W. L.
name: Spinoglio, L.
name: Stevens, J. A.
name: Srinivasan, S.
name: Symeonidis, M.
name: Trichas, M.
name: Vaccari, M.
name: Wozniak, H.
name: Wright, G. S.
name: Zeilinger, W. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: M82 is a unique representative of a whole class of galaxies, starbursts with superwinds, in the Very Nearby Galaxy Survey with Herschel. In addition, its interaction with the M81 group has stripped a significant portion of its interstellar medium from its disk. SPIRE maps now afford better characterization of the far-infrared emission from cool dust outside the disk, and sketch a far more complete picture of its mass distribution and energetics than previously possible. They show emission coincident in projection with the starburst wind and in a large halo, much more extended than the PAH band emission seen with Spitzer. Some complex substructures coincide with the brightest PAH filaments, and others with tidal streams seen in atomic hydrogen. We subtract the far-infrared emission of the starburst and underlying disk from the maps, and derive spatially-resolved far-infrared colors for the wind and halo. We interpret the results in terms of dust mass, dust temperature, and global physical conditions. In particular, we examine variations in the dust physical properties as a function of distance from the center and the wind polar axis, and conclude that more than two thirds of the extraplanar dust has been removed by tidal interaction, and not entrained by the starburst wind.
description: accepted in A&A Herschel special issue
Carbon nanotube Josephson junctions with Nb contacts
Creators: name: Pallecchi, Emiliano
name: Gaaß, Markus
name: Ryndyk, Dmitry
name: Strunk, Christoph
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: carbon nanotubes, Josephson effect, niobium, proximity effect (superconductivity)
subject: 530 Physik
subject: 74.50.+r
subject: 74.45.+c

description: We report on the preparation of carbon nanotube Josephson junctions using superconducting electrodes made of niobium. Gate-controllable supercurrents with values of up to 30 nA are induced by the proximity effect. The IV curves are hysteretic at low temperature and the corresponding switching histograms have a width of 0.5%–2%. An on-chip resistive environment integrated in the sample layout is used to increase the switching current.
Σύνθεση των Φυσικών Σεσκιτερπενοειδών (-)- Ακιλανόλη Α και Ραμφελλολίδιο Κ από το (-)- Οξείδιο του Καρυοφυλλενίου
Creators: name: Αθανασιάδου, Θεοδώρα Λαζάρου
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2023
Subjects: Σύνθεση
Φυσικά Προϊόντα
Ακιλανόλη Α, Ραμφελλολίδιο Κ
Synthesis
Natural Products
Aquilanol A, Rumphellolide K

description: Η παρούσα διπλωματική εργασία είχε στόχο την σύνθεση δυο φυσικών σεσκιτερπενοειδών την (-) - Ακιλανόλη Α και το Ραμφελλολιδιο Κ, από το (-)-οξείδιο του Καρυοφυλλενίου. Αρχικά πραγματοποιήσαμε μια βιβλιογραφική αναφορά στην γενικότερη κατηγορία των τερπενίων και συγκεκριμένων των σεσκιτερπενίων μέσω των βασικών ιδιοτήτων τους και των βιοσυνθετικών οδών που εμφανίζονται στη φύση. Στη συνέχεια, αναλύεται το (-)-οξείδιο του καρυοφυλλενίου το οποίο χρησιμοποιήθηκε ως πρώτη ύλη στην παρούσα διπλωματική πειραματική εργασία. Η ανάλυση αφορά τις διαμορφώσεις του ανθρακικού σκελετού του, αλλά και των πιθανών συνθετικών οδών που προκύπτουν από τις διάφορες χαρακτηριστικές του ομάδες όπως ο διπλός δεσμός, η εποξειδική ομάδα και ο τετραμελής δακτύλιος. Στο δεύτερο μέρος της διπλωματικής εργασίας παρουσιάζονται τα αποτελέσματα των πειραματικών διαδικασιών που εκπονήθηκαν τον τελευταίο χρόνο στο Εργαστήριο Οργανικής Χημείας του Αριστοτελείου Πανεπιστημίου Θεσσαλονίκης. Στο σημείο αυτό, αναλύεται η ρετροσύνθεση των δύο φυσικών σεσκιτερπενοειδών-στόχων αλλά ταυτόχρονα και τα προβλήματα και οι προκλήσεις που δημιουργήθηκαν κατά την ευθεία συνθετική πορεία. Στο τρίτο και τελευταίο μέρος της μεταπτυχιακής μου εργασίας, δίνονται αναλυτικά οι πειραματικές διαδικασίες που ακολουθήθηκαν, οι δομές και τα φασματοσκοπικά δεδομένα των ενώσεων που συντέθηκαν.
description: The aim of this diploma thesis was the synthesis of two natural sesquiterpenoids, (-) - Aquilanol A and Rumphellolide K, from (-) - Caryophyllene oxide. The first part of the thesis is dedicated in a bibliographic reference of the general category of terpenes and specifically sesquiterpenes, through their main properties and their biosynthetic pathways that occur in nature. Also, (-) caryophyllene oxide, a natural product that was used as the starting material of this diploma experimental thesis, is analyzed. The analysis focuses on the configurations of its main carbon core, as well as all the possible synthetic pathways resulting from its double bond, the epoxide group, and its four-membered ring. In the second part of the results of the experimental procedures, carried out during the last year at the Laboratory of Organic Chemistry at the Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, are presented. At this point, the retrosynthesis of the two natural target sesquiterpenoids and, at the same time, the problems and challenges created during the direct synthetic course, are analyzed. The third and final part of my thesis consists of the detailed experimental procedures that were followed, and finally, the structures and the spectroscopic data of the synthesized compounds.
Anisotropic universal conductance fluctuations in disordered quantum wires with Rashba and Dresselhaus spin-orbit interaction and applied in-plane magnetic field
Creators: name: Scheid, Matthias
name: Adagideli, İnanç
name: Nitta, Junsaku
name: Richter, Klaus
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: 530 Physik
subject: 71.70.Ej, 73.20.Fz, 73.63.Nm

description: We investigate the transport properties of narrow quantum wires realized in disordered two-dimensional electron gases in the resence of k-linear Rashba and Dresselhaus spin-orbit interaction (SOI), and an applied in-plane magnetic field. Building on previous work [Scheid, et al., PRL 101, 266401 (2008)], we find that in addition to the conductance, the universal conductance fluctuations also feature anisotropy with respect to the magnetic field direction. This anisotropy can be explained solely from the symmetries exhibited by the Hamiltonian as well as the relative strengths of the Rashba and Dresselhaus spin orbit interaction and thus can be utilized to detect this ratio from purely electrical measurements.
Spin-injection spectra of CoFe/GaAs contacts: dependence on Fe concentration, interface and annealing conditions
Creators: name: Salis, G.
name: Alvarado, S. F.
name: Fuhrer, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Spin injection from Co70Fe30 and Fe contacts into bulk GaAs(001) epilayers is studied experimentally. Using nonlocal measurements, the spin polarization of the differential conductance is determined as a function of the bias voltage applied across the injection interface. The spectra reveal an interface-related minority-spin peak at forward bias and a majority-spin peak at reverse bias, and are very similar, but shifted in energy, for Co70Fe30 and for Fe contacts. An increase of the spin-injection efficiency and a shift of the spectrum correlate with the Ga-to-As ratio at the interface between CoFe and GaAs.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures
Optimized Machine Learning for CHD Detection using 3D CNN-based Segmentation, Transfer Learning and Adagrad Optimization
Creators: name: Selvaraj, R.
name: Satheesh, T.
name: Suresh, V.
name: Yathavaraj, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Globally, Coronary Heart Disease (CHD) is one of the main causes of death. Early detection of CHD can improve patient outcomes and reduce mortality rates. We propose a novel framework for predicting the presence of CHD using a combination of machine learning and image processing techniques. The framework comprises various phases, including analyzing the data, feature selection using ReliefF, 3D CNN-based segmentation, feature extraction by means of transfer learning, feature fusion as well as classification, and Adagrad optimization. The first step of the proposed framework involves analyzing the data to identify patterns and correlations that may be indicative of CHD. Next, ReliefF feature selection is applied to decide on the most relevant features from the sample images. The 3D CNN-based segmentation technique is then used to segment the optic disc and macula, which are important regions for CHD diagnosis. Feature extraction using transfer learning is performed to extract features from the segmented regions of interest. The extracted features are then fused using a feature fusion technique, and a classifier is trained to predict the presence of CHD. Finally, Adagrad optimization is used to optimize the performance of the classifier. Our framework is evaluated on a dataset of sample images collected from patients with and without CHD. The results show that the anticipated framework accomplishes elevated accuracy in predicting the presence of CHD. either a particular user with a reasonable degree of accuracy compared to the previously employed classifiers like SVM, etc.
Massive parallel sequencing of human whole mitochondrial genomes with Ion Torrent technology: an optimized workflow for Anthropological and Population Genetics studies
Creators: name: De Fanti, Sara
name: Vianello, Dario
name: Giuliani, Cristina
name: Quagliariello, Andrea
name: Cherubini, Anna
name: Sevini, Federica
name: Iaquilano, Nicoletta
name: Franceschi, Claudio
name: Sazzini, Marco
name: Luiselli, Donata
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Investigation of human mitochondrial DNA variation patterns and phylogeny has been extensively used in Anthropological and Population Genetics studies and sequencing the whole mitochondrial genome is progressively becoming the gold standard. Among the currently available massive parallel sequencing technologies, Ion Torrent™ semiconductor sequencing represents a promising approach for such studies. Nevertheless, an experimental protocol conceived to enable the achievement of both as high as possible yield and of the most homogeneous sequence coverage through the whole mitochondrial genome is still not available. The present work was thus aimed at improving the overall performance of whole mitochondrial genomes Ion Torrent™ sequencing, with special focus on the capability to obtain robust coverage and highly reliable variants calling. For this purpose, a series of cost-effective modifications in standard laboratory workflows was fine-tuned to optimize them for medium- and large-scale population studies. A total of 54 human samples were thus subjected to sequencing of the whole mitochondrial genome with the Ion Personal Genome Machine™ System in four distinct experiments and using Ion 314 chips. Seven of the selected samples were also characterized by means of conventional Sanger sequencing for the sake of comparison. Obtained results demonstrated that the implemented optimizations had definitely improved sequencing outputs in terms of both variants calling efficiency and coverage uniformity, enabling to setup an effective and accurate protocol for whole mitochondrial genome sequencing and a considerable reduction in experimental time consumption and sequencing costs.
Optically Pumped Magnetometer with High Spatial Resolution Magnetic Guide for the Detection of Magnetic Droplets in a Microfluidic Channel
Creators: name: Jofre, Marc
name: Romeu, Jordi
name: Jofre-Roca, Luis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum sensors provide unprecedented magnetic field detection sensitivities, enabling these to extend the common magnetometry range of applications and environments of operation. In this framework, many applications also require high spatial resolution magnetic measurements for biomedical research, environmental monitoring and industrial production. In this regard, Optically Pumped Magnetometers (OPMs) are considered as prominent candidates, but are impaired in size with micrometer scale magnetic particles, e.g. magnetic droplets. In order to address this limitation, here we study the effects of adding a micrometer-to-millimeter magnetic guide to a miniature OPM. This device is applied to detect Fe3O4 magnetic droplets flowing at rates up to $25$ drop./s in a microfluidic channel. The computed spatial resolution is $300$ $μ$m and the measured SNR is larger than $15$ dB for the different sizes of considered magnetic droplets.
System Geometries and Transit / Eclipse Probabilities
Creators: name: von Braun, Kaspar
name: Kane, Stephen R.
name: Mahadevan, Suvrath
name: Laughlin, Greg
name: Howard, Andrew
name: Ciardi, David R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Transiting exoplanets provide access to data to study the mass-radius relation and internal structure of extrasolar planets. Long-period transiting planets allow insight into planetary environments similar to the Solar System where, in contrast to hot Jupiters, planets are not constantly exposed to the intense radiation of their parent stars. Observations of secondary eclipses additionally permit studies of exoplanet temperatures and large-scale exo-atmospheric properties. We show how transit and eclipse probabilities are related to planet-star system geometries, particularly for long-period, eccentric orbits. The resulting target selection and observational strategies represent the principal ingredients of our photometric survey of known radial-velocity planets with the aim of detecting transit signatures (TERMS).
description: 3 pages, 2 figures. Comments: To appear in the ASP Conference Proceedings: Detection and Dynamics of Transiting Exoplanets; Proceedings of Haute Provence Observatory Colloquium (23-27 August 2010); Edited by F. Bouchy, R. F. Diaz, and C. Moutou
Lameness and lying behaviour in grazing dairy cows
Creators: name: Thompson, Alexander John
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2018

description: Lameness is a serious welfare issue for dairy cows. To date, the majority of studies have focused on its effect on health and behaviour at the herd-level. The objectives of this study were to identify firstly, between-cow and secondly, within-cow changes in lying behaviour associated with consistent and changing lameness status in grazing dairy cows. Previous studies of lying behaviour in grazing dairy cows have not considered the effect of precipitation, thus a third aim was to determine the effect of precipitation on lying behaviour. A total of 252 dairy cows from 6 pasture-based farms in southern Brazil were gait scored weekly to assess lameness using a 5-point scale (1 – 5, numerical rating score [NRS]) for 4 consecutive wk. Cows were considered to have consistent lameness if they were scored as lame (NRS ≥ 3) on each of the 4 visits and considered to have a changing lameness status if scored as being non-lame (NRS < 3) on at least one of the 4 visits. Cows classified as having a changing lameness status were further classified as developed, recovered, or inconsistent. Lying behaviour was recorded continuously using leg-mounted accelerometers. Cow-level variables included parity, days in milk, and body condition score. Since only one primiparous cow was identified as lame at each of the 4 visits, the between-cow analysis of lameness was run on multiparous cows only. The overall prevalence of clinical lameness on the first visit was 39%, with a development and recovery rate of 16% and 10% over the 4 visits, respectively. The between-cow effect of consistent lameness status on daily lying time and number of lying bouts was dependent on precipitation. There was no within-cow effect of changing lameness status on any of the lying behaviours. Precipitation decreased daily lying time, increased mean lying bout duration, and decreased the daily number of lying bouts. The results of my research provide the first evidence that the effect of consistent lameness status on lying behaviour is dependent on rainfall in grazing dairy cows. Future work measuring lying behaviour of grazing dairy cows should include precipitation as a co-variate.
Single-spin polaron memory effect in quantum dots and single molecules
Creators: name: Ryndyk, Dmitry
name: D'Amico, Pino
name: Richter, Klaus
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: 530 Physik
subject: 85.65.+h, 72.25.-b, 73.23.-b, 85.75.-d

description: We propose theoretically a spin memory effect in quantum dots and single molecules with strong electron-vibron interaction and coupled to ferromagnetic leads. The controlled electrical switching between spin states is achieved due to an interplay between Franck-Condon blockade of electron transport at low voltages and spin-dependent tunneling at high voltages. Spin lifetimes, currents, and spin polarizations are calculated as a function of the bias voltage by the master-equation method. We further propose to use a third ferromagnetic tunneling contact to probe and readout the spin state.
Temperature-Dependent and Magnetism-Controlled Fermi Surface Changes in Magnetic Weyl Semimetals
Creators: name: Zhang, Nan
name: Ding, Xianyong
name: Zhan, Fangyang
name: Li, Houpu
name: Li, Hongyu
name: Tang, Kaixin
name: Qian, Yingcai
name: Pan, Senyang
name: Xiao, Xiaoliang
name: Zhang, Jinglei
name: Wang, Rui
name: Xiang, Ziji
name: Chen, Xianhui
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The coupling between band structure and magnetism can lead to intricate Fermi surface modifications. Here we report on the comprehensive study of the Shubnikov-de Haas (SdH) effect in two rare-earth-based magnetic Weyl semimetals, NdAlSi and CeAlSi$_{0.8}$Ge$_{0.2}$. The results show that the temperature evolution of topologically nontrivial Fermi surfaces strongly depends on magnetic configurations. In NdAlSi, the SdH frequencies vary with temperature in both the paramagnetic state and the magnetically ordered state with a chiral spin texture, but become temperature independent in the high-field fully polarized state. In CeAlSi$_{0.8}$Ge$_{0.2}$, SdH frequencies are temperature-dependent only in the ferromagnetic state with magnetic fields applied along the $c$ axis. First-principles calculations suggest that the notable temperature and magnetic-configuration dependence of Fermi surface morphology can be attributed to strong exchange coupling between the conduction electrons and local magnetic moments.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures
The Diophantine equation $x^4\pm y^4=iz^2$ in Gaussian integers
Creators: name: Najman, Filip
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this note we find all the solutions of the Diophantine equation $x^4\pm y^4=iz^2$ using elliptic curves over $\mathbb Q(i)$. Also, using the same method we give a new proof of Hilbert's result that the equation $x^4\pm y^4=z^2$ has only trivial solutions in Gaussian integers.
description: 5 pages, to appear in Amer. Math. Monthly