cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Ocrelizumab: A Review in Multiple Sclerosis
Creators: name: Lamb, Yvette
Publisher: name: Adis Journals
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 110904 Neurology and Neuromuscular Diseases
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Declarations

Funding The preparation of this review was not supported by any external funding.

Authorship and Conflict of interest Yvette Lamb is a salaried employee of Adis International Ltd/Springer Nature, and declares no relevant conflicts of interest. All authors contributed to the review and are responsible for the article content.

Ethics approval, Consent to participate, Consent to publish, Availability of data and material, Code availability Not applicable

Additional information about this Adis Drug Review can be found here

Abstract

Ocrelizumab (Ocrevus®) is an intravenously administered, humanized anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody approved for the treatment of adults with relapsing forms of multiple sclerosis (RMS) or primary progressive multiple sclerosis (PPMS). The efficacy of ocrelizumab in reducing relapse rates and disease activity in patients with RMS was demonstrated in pivotal trials (versus interferon β-1a) and supporting single-arm studies in specific subpopulations. In patients with PPMS, ocrelizumab reduced measures of clinical and MRI progression relative to placebo. Clinical benefits were maintained over ≥ 7.5 study years of treatment. Ocrelizumab was generally well tolerated and no new safety signals have emerged with long-term use. Extensive (albeit short-term) real-world data pertaining to ocrelizumab is consistent with that from clinical trials. Ocrelizumab provides the convenience of short, half-yearly infusions. Ocrelizumab continues to represent a generally well-tolerated, high-efficacy disease-modifying therapy (DMT) for RMS and is a valuable treatment for delaying disease progression in patients with PPMS (for whom there are currently no other approved DMTs).
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Magnetics of Bowie Seamount
Creators: name: Michkofsky, Ronald Nick
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: Using the oceanographic ship, the Endeavor; the University of British Columbia undertook a study of Bowie Seamount (53°18', 135°41') during the summer of 1968. Receiving a proton precession magnetometer for the cruise from PNL, a magnetic field survey was included in the study. The magnitude of the observed anomaly was about 850 gammas. The regional was determined by data taken in an airborne magnetic survey done in 1958 by the Dominion Observatory. Corresponding to the topography, the contour plot of the magnetic field showed a strong linear trend from the SW to the NE. In addition, despite fairly symmetrical bathymetry, the observed anomaly is decidedly unsymmetrical, implying a non-uniform intensity of magnetization. This seems to be confirmed by the use of a three dimensional, model - assuming uniform magnetization - developed by Manik Talwani. Using the least squares best fit intensity of magnetization, a large discrepancy was found between the model and the observed anomaly. In light of the fact that the earth's magnetic field has reversed directions many times in its history, the above discrepancy may well be due to the fact that the lava flows of the seamount span at least one time boundary separating a normal and a reversed magnetic period. This is given some credence in that an age determination was made on one sample yielding an age of about 100,000 years, a normal period in the earth's magnetic history. This together with the fact that the magnetic anomaly over most of the seamount is negative yields the above conclusion.
title: 28. September - 2. Oktober 2020
Creators: name: Rau, Linda
name: Horst, Robin
name: Liu, Yu
name: Dörner, Ralf
name: Spierling, Ulrike
Publisher: name: Gesellschaft für Informatik, Bonn
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Tangible Augmented Reality
subject: Mixed Reality
subject: Tangible User Interface

description: Smartphones and tablets are common technologies within today's private living environments. They are well-suited to serve as a platform for mobile Augmented Reality (AR). Tangible AR is a subclass of AR which includes tangible objects and can make interactions intuitive. With this, new options for human-computer interaction become available at home. Based on literature research and design rationale, we identify requirements that help to develop a tangible object which can intuitively be used as tangible user interface (TUI) for mobile AR applications. Users should be able to handle the tangible object comfortably. Additionally, it needs to be reliably trackable with today's tracking algorithms. The tangible object should also offer affordances to the users. We strive to develop a single, versatile object that is usable in different application scenarios at home. Our approach is to design a tangible object that combines different surfaces and shapes to offer various affordances and interaction possibilities. A physical instance of this object can be created with a 3D printer. We argue that this allows users to trigger actions intuitively in an AR environment or to manipulate virtual content.
Enhanced molecular dynamics performance with a programmable graphics processor
Creators: name: Rapaport, D. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Design considerations for molecular dynamics algorithms capable of taking advantage of the computational power of a graphics processing unit (GPU) are described. Accommodating the constraints of scalable streaming-multiprocessor hardware necessitates a reformulation of the underlying algorithm. Performance measurements demonstrate the considerable benefit and cost-effectiveness of such an approach, which produces a factor of 2.5 speed improvement over previous work for the case of the soft-sphere potential.
description: 20 pages (v2: minor additions and changes; v3: corrected typos)
Linguistic barriers to logical reasoning: a new perspective on Aristotelian syllogisms
Creators: name: Haida, Andreas
name: Crnič, Luka
name: Grodzinsky, Yosef
Publisher: name: ZAS Papers in Linguistics
Year: 2018

description: Experimental studies investigating logical reasoning performance show very high error rates of up to 80% and more. Previous research identified scalar inferences of the sentences of logical arguments as a major error source. We present new analytical tools to quantify the impact of scalar inferences on syllogistic reasoning. Our proposal builds on a new classification of Aristotelian syllogisms and a closely linked classification of reasoning behaviors/strategies. We argue that the variation in error rates across syllogistic reasoning tasks is in part due to individual variation: reasoners follow different reasoning strategies and these strategies play out differently for syllogisms of different classes. Keywords: syllogisms, reasoning errors, individual variation, scalar inferences.
description: ZAS Papers in Linguistics, Bd. 60 (2018): Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung 22, 1
title: 28. September - 2. Oktober 2020
Creators: name: Schell, Oleg
name: Reinhard, Jan Peter
name: Kneib, Marcel
name: Ring, Martin
Publisher: name: Gesellschaft für Informatik, Bonn
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Automotive Security
subject: Intrusion Detection System
subject: Intra-Vehicle Communication

description: Nowadays, vehicles incorporate a lot of electronics, which offer both advanced functionalities but also a great attack surface. Once having access to the communication network, an attacker can control critical functions like accelerating or steering. One possibility to detect these malicious intentions consists in the implementation of IDSs, which will even become mandatory via UN regulations in the future. Therefore, it is important for manufacturers and engineers to understand the opportunities and challenges of IDSs in the automotive environment. Giving an overview on these detection mechanisms is the primary goal of this elaboration. After the current vehicular communication architectures and protocols are outlined, potential attacks on the communication network are addressed. Afterwards, existing IDS concepts are presented, while the general requirements on these systems from an automotive perspective are stated and described next. Following the discussion on how to react to a detection, the elaboration is concluded with an outlook on what has still to be achieved to successfully integrate present IDSs into a vehicle.
processing cost of Downward Entailingness: the representation and verification of comparative constructions
Creators: name: Grodzinsky, Yosef
name: Agmon, Galit
name: Snir, Kedem
name: Deschamps, Isabelle
name: Loewenstein, Yonatan
Publisher: name: ZAS Papers in Linguistics
Year: 2018

description: We bring experimental considerations to bear on the structure of comparatives and on our understanding of how quantifiers are processed. At issue are mismatches between the standard view of quantifier processing cost and results from speeded verification experiments with comparative quantifiers. We build our case in several steps: 1. We show that the standard view, which attributes processing cost to the verification process, accounts for some aspects of the data, but fails to cover the main effect of monotonicity on measured behavior. We derive a prediction of this view for comparatives, and show that it is not borne out. 2. We consider potential reasons – experimental and theoretical – for this theory-data mismatch. 3. We describe a new processing experiment with comparative quantifiers, designed to address the experimental concerns. Its results still point to the inadequacy of the standard view. 4. We review the semantics of comparative constructions and their potential processing implications. 5. We revise the definition of quantifier processing cost and tie it to the number of Downward Entailing (DE) operators at Logical Form (LF). We show how this definition successfully reconciles the theory-data mismatch. 6. The emerging picture calls for a distinction between the complexity of verified representations and the complexity of the verification process itself. Keywords: quantification, monotonicity, negation, comparative constructions, Logical Form, adjectival antonyms, decomposition, quantifier processing, speeded verification, reaction time.
description: ZAS Papers in Linguistics, Bd. 60 (2018): Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung 22, 1
title: 28. September - 2. Oktober 2020
Creators: name: Akelbein, Jens-Peter
name: Beckmann, Kai
name: Hoss, Mario
name: Schneider, Samuel
name: Seyfarth, Stefan
name: Thoss, Marcus
Publisher: name: Gesellschaft für Informatik, Bonn
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Internet of Things
subject: Ambient Assisted Living
subject: Home Automation

description: For a long time, the Internet of Things was considered the vision of interconnecting every device, leading to fundamentally new and pervasive application scenarios. In practice, however, the projected growth and realisation of IoT scenarios is often impeded by practical problems. The BASE MoVE research project, a cooperation between universities and industrial partners, took a holistic look at requirements and inhibitors for investing in IoT solutions, using Ambient Assisted Living as an application domain example. The perspectives of all stakeholders involved were taken into account during the design of a solution architecture, from the user to the manufacturer to the service provider and housing association. This paper presents the resulting modular base platform for IoT applications. Power supply through battery and energy harvesting reduces installation costs. The use of open source software and the support of several common smart home protocols also prevents a lock-in effect and dependency on a single manufacturer. This makes it possible to protect investments from market-driven changes from one manufacturer's ecosystem to another. Here, the paper takes an in-depth look into the choice of protocols. Over-the-air updates allow for secure operation as well as remote maintenance, no longer requiring expensive in-person maintenance. Finally, the manufacturing of the solution as a hardware module, as realised in BASE MoVE, also allows for easier creation and certification of new sensor devices in a company's product portfolio. To evaluate the developed solution, an apartment was equipped with different sensor devices, and a smart home scenario was implemented. The feasibility study could demonstrate that it is indeed possible to create a base platform that meets today's requirements of the stakeholders involved and allows for a sustainable, future-proof usage by offering adaptability to new technologies. In addition to the scientific results, the project also gave an assessment about component maturity and cost, which is valuable for the commercial project partner and its market entry strategy.
Partition by exhaustification: comments on Dayal 1996
Creators: name: Fox, Danny
Publisher: name: ZAS Papers in Linguistics
Year: 2018

description: In this paper I argue for a new constraint on questions, namely that a question denotation (a set of propositions) must map to a partition of a Stalnakerian Context-Set by point-wise exhaustification (point-wise application of the function Exh). The presupposition that Dayal attributes to an Answer operator follows from this constraint, if we assume a fairly standard definition of Exh (Krifka, 1995). But the constraint is more restrictive thereby deriving the sensitivity of higher order quantification to negative islands (Spector, 2008). Moreover, when combined with recent proposals about the nature of Exh – designed primarily to account for the conjunctive interpretation of disjunction (e.g. Bar-Lev and Fox, 2017) – Dayal’s presupposition follows only in certain environments. This observation allows for an account of the “mention-some” interpretation of questions that makes specific distributional predictions. Keywords: exhaustivity, Free Choice, maximality, higher-order quantification, mentionsome, negative-islands, partition, scalar implicatures, uniqueness.
description: ZAS Papers in Linguistics, Bd. 60 (2018): Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung 22, 1
title: Investigating Motivational and Cognitive Factors which Impact the Success of Engineering Students
Creators: name: Eichler, Andreas
name: Gradwohl, Julia
Publisher: name: Universität Kassel
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: engineering students
subject: mathematics
subject: affective dispositions
subject: cognitive dispositions
subject: support measures
subject: supply-use model
subject: 510
subject: 620
subject: Ingenieurstudent
subject: Mathematik
subject: Disposition
subject: Unterstützung
subject: Studium

description: Gefördert im Rahmen des Projekts DEAL
description: This study was funded by the Hessen State Ministry for Higher Education, Research and the Arts.
Focus on what’s not at issue: gestures, presuppositions, appositives under contrastive focus
Creators: name: Esipova, Maria
Publisher: name: ZAS Papers in Linguistics
Year: 2018

description: This paper is an attempt to systematically investigate how contrastive focus interacts with various types of not-at-issue content (co-speech and post-speech gestures, lexical presuppositions, and appositives). I look, in particular, at when focus forces at-issue interpretations of typically not-at-issue content, when it does not, and when such at-issue interpretations are impossible even to satisfy focus-related requirements. I conclude that the main factors affecting how a given type of content aligns along these dimensions are its prosodic (in)dependence and level of attachment in the syntax. The two factors also interact in a non-trivial way, in particular for gestures, which I use as a basis for an analysis of gestures that does not assume that their temporal alignment directly determines their semantics (contra Ebert and Ebert, 2014; Ebert, 2017; Schlenker, 2018), but instead relies on syntax/semantics and syntax/prosody interaction. Keywords: focus, not-at-issue content, gestures, presuppositions, appositives.
description: ZAS Papers in Linguistics, Bd. 60 (2018): Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung 22, 1
Cura, eros, felicità. Sull’antropologia di Platone
Creators: name: Napolitano Valditara, Linda M.
Publisher: name: Thaumàzein | Rivista di Filosofia
Year: 2013
Subjects: Linda Napolitano; Napolitano; Platone

description: Care, Eros, Happiness. On Plato’s Anthropology

Various currents of thought and individual thinkers recently refer to Plato’s epimeleia heautou: the so-called philosophical practices, important philosophers in the XXth Century (Patoĉka, Hadot, Foucault) and the authors reflecting upon contemporary technological medicine (Jaspers, Gadamer). However the notion itself of “cure” needs today to be clarified, first recalling the different meanings already recognized by Heidegger to his Sorge. Moreover, we must distinguish the current purely therapeutic notion of “cure” and a wider, promotive notion of “care”, whose model is to be found in ancient Greek medicine and in Plato’s epimeleia. Just in Phaedr. 270b Gadamer finds a basic analogy between medicine, granting health and strength to the body through pharmaka and good foods, and philosophical rhetoric, giving to the soul persuasion and virtue through good discourses and right actions. Both medicine and philosophy aim then at caring their objects, body and soul, making them to flourish and to become as best as they by nature can be. However Plato’s relation between body and soul is not the sharp opposition imagined by the tradition, his heauton is properly or primarily – not solely - psyche (Alc. I 128a-130d) and this psyche is a dynamis, whose basic purpose is assuring life. Going by these notions, we can deepen the three most important features of his epimeleia heautou. We can take care of ourselves: i) within dialogical relations; ii) when we know ourselves and live as structurally non wise beings; iii) most of all, when we know ourselves and live as erotic beings. All of us is an Eros’ son, structurally poor and lacking, but also lifelong researching and creating by himself (giving birth to) the kalokagathon he naturally loves. This is, according to Plato, the proper origin of the epimeleia all of us can act and needs to offer to himself, insofar as, in this life, he is by nature a psycho-somatic compound. And, as Socrates facing with death says (Phaed. 115b-c), only such an epimeleia can allow all us to gain the desired happiness.
description: Thaumàzein | Rivista di Filosofia, Vol 1 (2013): Cura sui e autotrascendimento. La formazione di sé fra antico e postmoderno.
Anti-Pluricanonical Systems On Q-Fano Threefolds
Creators: name: Chen, Meng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We investigate birationality of the anti-pluricanonical map $ϕ_{-m}$, the rational map defined by the anti-pluricanonical system $|-mK|$, on $\mathbb{Q}$-Fano threefolds.
description: 18 pages
title: 28. September - 2. Oktober 2020
Creators: name: Meister, Vera G.
name: Hu, Wenxin
name: Revina, Aleksandra
name: Cikus, Marcel
name: Müller, Johannes
Publisher: name: Gesellschaft für Informatik, Bonn
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Digitaler Modulkatalog
subject: Wissensgraph-Anwendung
subject: Hochschul-IT
subject: integrierte Datenhaltung
subject: Graph-basierte Navigation
subject: Prototyp
subject: Softwareevaluation

description: Hochschulen nutzen eine Vielzahl von Fachanwendungen für die verschiedensten Prozesse zur Konzeption, Publikation, Verwaltung, Planung, Durchführung und Leistungsabrechnung von Modulen, oftmals mit redundanter Datenhaltung. Fehlende Integration der Anwendungen sorgt für mangelhafte Datenqualität und substanzielle Mehrarbeit. Das Paper untersucht mit Hilfe eines Prototyps, inwiefern eine Graph-basierte Datenhaltung ein Ansatz zur Lösung des Integrationsproblems sein kann. Zugleich wird erforscht, ob eine Graph-Navigation bei den Nutzer*innen auf Akzeptanz stößt und in welchem Maße sie die Orientierung in vernetzten Strukturen fördert.
Interactions between two-dimensional solitons in the diffractive-diffusive Ginzburg-Landau equation with the cubic-quintic nonlinearity
Creators: name: Wainblat, George
name: Malomed, Boris A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report results of systematic numerical analysis of collisions between two and three stable dissipative solitons in the two-dimensional (2D) complex Ginzburg- Landau equation (CGLE) with the cubic-quintic (CQ) combination of gain and loss terms. The equation may be realized as a model of a laser cavity which includes the spatial diffraction, together with the anomalous group-velocity dispersion (GVD) and spectral filtering acting in the temporal direction. Collisions between solitons are possible due to the Galilean invariance along the spatial axis. Outcomes of the collisions are identified by varying the GVD coefficient, D, and the collision "velocity" (actually, it is the spatial slope of the soliton's trajectory). At small velocities, two or three in-phase solitons merge into a single standing one. At larger velocities, both in-phase soliton pairs and pairs of solitons with opposite signs suffer a transition into a delocalized chaotic state. At still larger velocities, all collisions become quasi-elastic. A new outcome is revealed by collisions between slow solitons with opposite signs: they self-trap into persistent wobbling dipoles, which are found in two modifications (horizontal at smaller D, and vertical if D is larger (the horizontal ones resemble "zigzag" bound states of two solitons known in the 1D CGL equation of the CQ type). Collisions between solitons with a finite mismatch between their trajectories are studied too.
description: Physica D, in press
Von Neumann-Lueders projection, and its applicability to EPR experiments
Creators: name: de Muynck, Willem M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Notwithstanding it is well known that von Neumann's projection postulate is inapplicable to most realistic measurement procedures, it keeps haunting the foundations of quantum mechanics. In particular its applicability to EPR experiments is often assumed. In the present contribution this problem is considered from the point of view of a quantum mechanical theory of measurement, allowing a treatment of projection in EPR experiments as a special case of conditional preparation. The conditions are spelled out under which the postulate may be applicable.
description: 5 pages, 1 figure
title: 28. September - 2. Oktober 2020
title: EvalIUMS
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Titov, Waldemar
name: Trefzger, Mathias
name: Schlegel, Thomas
Publisher: name: Gesellschaft für Informatik, Bonn
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Evaluation
subject: Mobility Experience
subject: Mobility Infrastructure

description: Evaluation of peoples' mobility and intermodal transport is crucial for understanding mobility and traffic in general and leads to new challenges from the perspective of computer science and especially Human-Computer Interaction.
Counterfactual donkeys don’t get high
Creators: name: Deigan, Michael
Publisher: name: ZAS Papers in Linguistics
Year: 2018

description: I present data that suggest the universal entailments of counterfactual donkey sentences aren’t as universal as some have claimed. I argue that this favors the strategy of attributing these entailments to a special property of the similarity ordering on worlds provided by some contexts, rather than to a semantically encoded sensitivity to assignment. Keywords: donkey sentences, counterfactuals, conditionals, similarity, simplification.
description: ZAS Papers in Linguistics, Bd. 60 (2018): Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung 22, 1
A new approach to content-based file type detection
Creators: name: Amirani, M. C.
name: Toorani, M.
name: Beheshti, A. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: H.3.2; I.5.1; I.2.6; E.5; I.7; C.2; F.1; D.4.3
subject: 94Axx

description: File type identification and file type clustering may be difficult tasks that have an increasingly importance in the field of computer and network security. Classical methods of file type detection including considering file extensions and magic bytes can be easily spoofed. Content-based file type detection is a newer way that is taken into account recently. In this paper, a new content-based method for the purpose of file type detection and file type clustering is proposed that is based on the PCA and neural networks. The proposed method has a good accuracy and is fast enough.
description: 6 Pages, 5 Figure, 2 Tables
new kind of epistemic indefinite
Creators: name: Dawson, Virginia
Publisher: name: ZAS Papers in Linguistics
Year: 2018

description: Tiwa (Tibeto-Burman; India) has two series of epistemic indefinites: one whose epistemic effects arise via an anti-singleton constraint similar to Spanish alg´un (Alonso-Ovalle and Men´endez-Benito, 2010), and another, wide-scope indefinite whose epistemic effects must be derived differently. I propose that for these latter indefinites, ignorance arises not through domain constraints, but as a result of their choice functional nature through competition with other indefinites. Tiwa’s wide scope indefinites then constitute a new kind of epistemic indefinite, showing that ignorance implicatures for indefinites can arise through different sorts of competition. Keywords: epistemic indefinites, wide scope indefinites, choice functions, implicature, Tiwa.
description: ZAS Papers in Linguistics, Bd. 60 (2018): Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung 22, 1
title: 28. September - 2. Oktober 2020
Creators: name: Badde, Lars
name: Titov, Waldemar
name: Schlegel, Thomas
Publisher: name: Gesellschaft für Informatik, Bonn
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Sensorik
subject: Fahrrad
subject: Komfort
subject: Datenerhebung
subject: Tinkerforge

description: Ziel dieser wissenschaftlichen Arbeit ist es eine objektive Datengrundlage zum Komfort von Fahrradwegen zu schaffen. In nachstehenden Untersuchungen sollen anhand dieser Daten präzise Rückschlüsse zum Komfort auf Teilstrecken gezogen werden können und dem Nutzer individualisiert verfügbar gemacht werden. Zu diesem Zwecke wird zunächst betrachtet welche Faktoren den Komfort von Fahrradstrecken, sowohl positiv als auch negativ, beeinflussen. Anschließend soll ermittelt werden, wie diese Faktoren mit Hilfe einer Sensorapparatur automatisiert erfasst werden können. Aufbau und Programmierung des Sensormoduls, sowie die Konsistenz der erhobenen Daten werden auf Basis eines Feldtestes evaluiert, um deren Tauglichkeit für die Schaffung eines solchen „Fahrrad-Informations-Systems“ zu gewährleisten.
Logical XOR gate response in a quantum interferometer: A spin dependent transport
Creators: name: Dey, Moumita
name: Maiti, Santanu K.
name: Karmakar, S. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine spin dependent transport in a quantum interferometer composed of magnetic atomic sites based on transfer matrix formalism. The interferometer, threaded by a magnetic flux $ϕ$, is symmetrically attached to two semi-infinite one-dimensional (1D) non-magnetic electrodes, namely, source and drain. A simple tight-binding model is used to describe the bridge system, and, here we address numerically the conductance-energy and current-voltage characteristics as functions of the interferometer-to-electrode coupling strength, magnetic flux and the orientation of local the magnetic moments associated with each atomic site. Quite interestingly it is observed that, for $ϕ=ϕ_0/2$ ($ϕ_0=ch/e$, the elementary flux-quantum) a logical XOR gate like response is observed, depending on the orientation of the local magnetic moments associated with the magnetic atoms in the upper and lower arms of the interferometer, and it can be changed by an externally applied gate magnetic field. This aspect may be utilized in designing a spin based electronic logic gate.
description: 11 pages, 8 figures
Interpreting presuppositions in the scope of quantifiers: "every" vs. "at least one"
Creators: name: Creemers, Ava
name: Zehr, Jérémy
name: Schwarz, Florian
Publisher: name: ZAS Papers in Linguistics
Year: 2018

description: This paper experimentally investigates presupposition projection from the scope of the quantifiers every and at least one, as triggered by the factive verb be aware and the iterative adverb again. The first issue we are concerned with is whether presuppositions project universally or existentially from quantified sentences. Different theoretical accounts endorse opposing views here (e.g., Heim, 1983; Geurts, 1999; Beaver, 2001; Schlenker, 2008, 2009; Fox, 2012), while recent experimental work (Chemla, 2009; Tiemann, 2014) suggests that the force of the projected presupposition varies by quantifier. The second issue we look at is how the descriptively observed readings arise—in particular, as a direct result output from the projection mechanism, or via additional, independent mechanisms such as domain restriction (e.g., Geurts and van Tiel, 2016): if the domain of the quantifier is restricted, this can yield what looks like non-universal inferences in light of the overall, unrestricted domain, even if the projection mechanism itself yields a universal presupposition. Finally, we test whether the presupposed content also forms part of the entailed content, at least for certain triggers (Sudo, 2012; Klinedinst, 2016; Zehr and Schwarz, 2016). Our results yield clearly different patterns for every and at least one, with every giving rise to universal presuppositions, which, to a very limited extent, can be weakened by domain restriction, and at least one overwhelmingly giving rise to non-universal presuppositions. Our results also indicate the availability of presupposition-less readings for both triggers in the task at hand, apparently more prevalent than domain restriction. Thereby, we present novel evidence that helps to pinpoint which of the theoretical options can be substantiated experimentally. Keywords: Presupposition projection, quantifiers, domain restriction, entailment.
description: ZAS Papers in Linguistics, Bd. 60 (2018): Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung 22, 1
Constraints on the Intracluster Dust Emission in the Coma Cluster of Galaxies
Creators: name: Kitayama, T.
name: Ito, Y.
name: Okada, Y.
name: Kaneda, H.
name: Takahashi, H.
name: Ota, N.
name: Onaka, T.
name: Tajiri, Y. Y.
name: Nagata, H.
name: Yamada, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have undertaken a search for the infrared emission from the intracluster dust in the Coma cluster of galaxies by the Multiband Imaging Photometer for Spitzer. Our observations yield the deepest mid and far-infrared images of a galaxy cluster ever achieved. In each of the three bands, we have not detected a signature of the central excess component in contrast to the previous report on the detection by Infrared Space Observatory (ISO). We still find that the brightness ratio between 70 and 160 microns shows a marginal sign of the central excess, in qualitative agreement with the ISO result. Our analysis suggests that the excess ratio is more likely due to faint infrared sources lying on fluctuating cirrus foreground. Our observations yield the 2 sigma upper limits on the excess emission within 100 kpc of the cluster center as 5 x 10^-3 MJy/sr, 6 x 10^-2 MJy/sr, and 7 x 10^-2 MJy/sr, at 24, 70, and 160 microns, respectively. These values are in agreement with those found in other galaxy clusters and suggest that dust is deficient near the cluster center by more than 3 orders of magnitude compared to the interstellar medium.
description: 10 pages, 9 figures, minor changes to match version published in ApJ
Context updates in head-final languages: linear order or hierarchy?
Creators: name: Chung, WooJin
Publisher: name: ZAS Papers in Linguistics
Year: 2018

description: This paper argues that extant approaches to presupposition projection that either rely on strict linear order (Schlenker, 2009) or hierarchy (Romoli and Mandelkern, 2017) cannot provide a uniform account of data drawn from head-final languages. While building on Schlenker’s theory, this paper resolves the issues by restricting the calculation of local contexts to specific points in the parsing process. The consequence is that the theory makes a prediction robust to the head directionality parameter. Keywords: presupposition projection, local context, parsing, linear order, hierarchy.
description: ZAS Papers in Linguistics, Bd. 60 (2018): Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung 22, 1
Судьба и подвиг Ивана Гусева – комиссара подлодки «Д-6» первой бригады подлодок Черноморского флота
Creators: name: Емец Светлана Григорьевна
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025
Subjects: Великая Отечественная война
Судакский десант
Севастополь
Новый Свет
Иван Егорович Гусев
Владимир Апошанский
The Great Patriotic War
Sudak landing
Sevastopol
Novy Svet
Ivan Egorovich Gusev
Vladimir Aposhansky

description: Аннотация. В статье изучена судьба и подвиг Ивана Егоровича Гусева – комиссара подлодки «Д-6» первой бригады подлодок Черноморского флота, командира разведгруппы, погибшего в бою с фашистами в январе 1942 года, в дни Судакского десанта. На основе семейного архива Гусевых в научный оборот вводится информация о малоизвестных страницах из биографии героя Великой Отечественной войны.

Abstract. The article examines about the fate and feat of Ivan Egorovich Gusev, commissar of the submarine "D-6" of the first brigade of submarines of the Black Sea Fleet, commander of the reconnaissance group, who died in battle with the Nazis in January 1942, during the days of the Sudak landing. Based on the Gusev family archive, information about little-known pages from the biography of the hero of the Great Patriotic War is introduced into scientific circulation.
title: 28. September - 2. Oktober 2020
title: Die dritte Welle
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Schmid, Ute
name: Tresp, Volker
name: Bethge, Matthias
name: Kersting, Kristian
name: Stiefelhagen, Rainer
Publisher: name: Gesellschaft für Informatik, Bonn
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Erklärbare KI
subject: Wissensgraphen
subject: Computer Sehen

description: Aktuelle Forschungsarbeiten aus dem Bereich Künstlichen Intelligenz werden vorgestellt. Dabei werden drei Perspektiven auf das Gebiet Maschinelles Lernen präsentiert, die über rein datenintensive Blackbox-Verfahren hinausgehen: Es werden Methoden vorgestellt, mit denen Erklärungen für die Entscheidungen von KI-Systemen generiert werden, aktuelle neurowissenschaftlich Ansätze zum maschinellen Sehen gezeigt und eine Möglichkeit Vorwissen in den Prozess des machinellen Lernens einzubringen aufgezeigt.
On acquiring a complex personal reference system: experimental results from Thai children with autism
Creators: name: Chanchaochai, Nattanun
Publisher: name: ZAS Papers in Linguistics
Year: 2018

description: Reference of pronouns may be constrained via lexical presuppositions, including marked F-features, implicated presuppositions, and deictic center shifting in certain languages. This paper explores the acquisition of personal reference terms in Thai, a language that has a highly complex personal reference system. The participants of the study were 67 typicallydeveloping children (TD) and 29 children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD), a population which has long been observed to have difficulties with pronouns. The children were asked to complete simple production and comprehension tasks on personal reference terms. Overall, ASD children performed on par in production but significantly poorer in comprehension than TD children. Given the freedom of choice in the production task, ASD children preferred using fixed referential terms for self-reference, whereas TD children opted for personal pronouns. In terms of comprehension, ASD children were shown to generally be able to detect the person features but they seemed to struggle the most with the pragmatic aspects of personal reference terms. Our results support previous literature that lexical presuppositions are acquired earlier than implicated presuppositions. We add to the literature that the types or the amount of implicated presuppositions matter in acquisition. Keywords: implicated presupposition, pragmatic inference, pronoun, personal reference, acquisition, deixis, Thai
description: ZAS Papers in Linguistics, Bd. 60 (2018): Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung 22, 1
"Painting cows" from a type-logical perspective
Creators: name: Bücking, Sebastian
Publisher: name: ZAS Papers in Linguistics
Year: 2018

description: Depiction verbs such as paint license i(mage)- and p(ortrait)-readings; for instance, Ben painted a cow can convey that Ben produced an image of an unspecific cow or a portrait of a specific cow. This paper takes issue with a property-based intensional analysis of depiction verbs (Zimmermann, 2006b, 2016) and instead argues for an extensional account. Accordingly, the i-reading is rooted in the introduction of worldly representations by the explicit noun cow as such, whereas the p-reading is rooted in the interpolation of an implicit representation via coercion. This take on the ambiguity captures the following key traits. On i-readings, only representations are accessible to quantifiers and anaphors; moreover, intensional effects such as substitution failure disappear once ordinary objects and representations are adequately distinguished. P-readings, by contrast, involve representations that depend on the portrayed ordinary objects as particulars; correspondingly, only ordinary objects are accessible to quantifiers and anaphors. The proposal is spelled out in Asher’s (2011) Type Composition Logic. Keywords: depiction verbs, visual representations, intensional transitives, coercion, Type Composition Logic.
description: ZAS Papers in Linguistics, Bd. 60 (2018): Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung 22, 1
Children’s comprehension of pronouns and definites
Creators: name: Brockmann, Saskia
name: McConnell, Sara
name: Hacquard, Valentine
name: Lidz, Jeffrey
Publisher: name: ZAS Papers in Linguistics
Year: 2018

description: We present an experiment which tests children’s comprehension of the requirements of use of pronouns and definites. An adult-like use of definites and pronouns imposes different but related requirements. In the case of definites, a unique referent is required in the context, whereas in the case of a pronoun, the referent in the context has to be salient. In this experiment, we use a novel word task to test three-year-olds’ sensitivity to these requirements. Our results show that children are adult-like in their sensitivity to salience in their comprehension of pronouns, compared to definites. However, they failed to show sensitivity to the uniqueness requirement on the use of definites. Keywords: pronouns, definiteness, language acquisition, salience, uniqueness, familiarity.
description: ZAS Papers in Linguistics, Bd. 60 (2018): Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung 22, 1
title: 28. September - 2. Oktober 2020
Creators: name: Völske, Michael
name: Bevendorff, Janek
name: Kiesel, Johannes
name: Stein, Benno
name: Fröbe, Maik
name: Hagen, Matthias
name: Potthast, Martin
Publisher: name: Gesellschaft für Informatik, Bonn
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Big Data Analytics
subject: Web Archive
subject: Internet Archive
subject: Webis Infrastructure

description: Web archive analytics is the exploitation of publicly accessible web pages and their evolution for research purposes—to the extent organizationally possible for researchers. In order to better understand the complexity of this task, the first part of this paper puts the entirety of the world's captured, created, and replicated data (the “Global Datasphere”) in relation to other important data sets such as the public internet and its web pages, or what is preserved thereof by the Internet Archive. Recently, the Webis research group, a network of university chairs to which the authors belong, concluded an agreement with the Internet Archive to download a substantial part of its web archive for research purposes. The second part of the paper in hand describes our infrastructure for processing this data treasure: We will eventually host around 8 PB of web archive data from the Internet Archive and Common Crawl, with the goal of supplementing existing large scale web corpora and forming a non-biased subset of the 30 PB web archive at the Internet Archive.
Comparison of post-Newtonian templates for compact binary inspiral signals in gravitational-wave detectors
Creators: name: Buonanno, Alessandra
name: Iyer, Bala
name: Ochsner, Evan
name: Pan, Yi
name: Sathyaprakash, B. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The two-body dynamics in general relativity has been solved perturbatively using the post-Newtonian (PN) approximation. The evolution of the orbital phase and the emitted gravitational radiation are now known to a rather high order up to O(v^8), v being the characteristic velocity of the binary. The orbital evolution, however, cannot be specified uniquely due to the inherent freedom in the choice of parameter used in the PN expansion as well as the method pursued in solving the relevant differential equations. The goal of this paper is to determine the (dis)agreement between different PN waveform families in the context of initial and advanced gravitational-wave detectors. The waveforms employed in our analysis are those that are currently used by Initial LIGO/Virgo, that is the time-domain PN models TaylorT1, TaylorT2, TaylorT3, TaylorT4 and TaylorEt, the effective one-body (EOB) model, and the Fourier-domain representation TaylorF2. We examine the overlaps of these models with one another and with the prototype effective one-body model (calibrated to numerical relativity simulations, as currently used by initial LIGO) for a number of different binaries at 2PN, 3PN and 3.5PN orders to quantify their differences and to help us decide whether there exist preferred families that are the most appropriate as search templates. We conclude that as long as the total mass remains less than a certain upper limit M_crit, all template families at 3.5PN order (except TaylorT3 and TaylorEt) are equally good for the purpose of detection. The value of M_crit is found to be ~ 12M_Sun for Initial, Enhanced and Advanced LIGO. From a purely computational point of view we recommend that 3.5PN TaylorF2 be used below Mcrit and EOB calibrated to numerical relativity simulations be used for total binary mass M > Mcrit.
description: 27 pages, 8 figures, 4 tables, submitted to PRD
Saddlepoint approximations to distribution functions
Creators: name: Hauschildt, Reimar
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: In this thesis we present two approximations to the distribution function of the sum of n independent random variables. They are obtained from generalizations of asymptotic expansions derived by Rubin and Zidek who considered the case of chi random variables. These expansions are obtained from Gurland's inversion formula for the distribution function by using an adaptation of Laplace's method for integrals. By means of numerical results obtained for a variety of common distributions and small values of n these approximations arc compared to the classical methods of Edgeworth and Cramer. Finally, the method is used to obtain approximations to the non-central chi-square distribution and to the doubly non-central F-distribution for various cases defined in terms of its parameters.
Regularized Modified BPDN for Noisy Sparse Reconstruction with Partial Erroneous Support and Signal Value Knowledge
Creators: name: Lu, Wei
name: Vaswani, Namrata
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We study the problem of sparse reconstruction from noisy undersampled measurements when the following two things are available. (1) We are given partial, and partly erroneous, knowledge of the signal's support, denoted by $T$. (2) We are also given an erroneous estimate of the signal values on $T$, denoted by $(\hatμ)_T$. In practice, both these may be available from available prior knowledge. Alternatively, in recursive reconstruction applications, like real-time dynamic MRI, one can use the support estimate and the signal value estimate from the previous time instant as $T$ and $(\hatμ)_T$. In this work, we introduce regularized modified-BPDN (reg-mod-BPDN) and obtain computable bounds on its reconstruction error. Reg-mod-BPDN tries to find the signal that is sparsest outside the set $T$, while being "close enough" to $(\hatμ)_T$ on $T$ and while satisfying the data constraint. Corresponding results for modified-BPDN and BPDN follow as direct corollaries. A second key contribution is an approach to obtain computable error bounds that hold without any sufficient conditions. This makes it easy to compare the bounds for the various approaches. Empirical reconstruction error comparisons with many existing approaches are also provided.
description: 30 pages, 5 figures
Proposal for measuring the quantum states of neutrons in the gravitational field with a CCD-based pixel sensor
Creators: name: Sanuki, T.
name: Komamiya, S.
name: Kawasaki, S.
name: Sonoda, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An experimental setup is proposed for the precise measurement of the quantum states of ultracold neutrons bound in the earth's gravitational field. The experiment utilizes a CCD-based pixel sensor and magnification system to observe the fine structure of the neutron distribution. In this work, we analyzed the sensor's deposited energy measurement capability and found that its spatial resolution was 5.3 um. A magnifying power of two orders of magnitude was realized by using a cylindrical rod as a convex mirror.
description: Accepted for publication in NIMA; 13 pages, 8 figures
title: Peculiarities of absorption of radionuclides by perennial and annual plants from contaminated soils
Creators: name: Gongadze, A.D.
name: Osidze, I.G.
name: Sanikidze, M.D.
Publisher: name: Ivane Javakhishvili Tbilisi State University Elevter Andronikashvili Institute of Physics
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: FOS: Biological sciences
valueUri: http://www.oecd.org/science/inno/38235147.pdf

description: The phytoremediation properties of some annuals and perennials in soil contaminated with Cs137 are compared. It is shown that some perennials, such as Spiraea japonica and Fern, no longer absorb Cs137 after some critical value of soil contamination is reached. Chenopodium (annual plant) withstands high levels of soil contamination with Cs137 before withering. Only before the end of the life cycle does it lose its ability to resist and Cs137 is being absorbed.
description: შედარებულია ზოგიერთი ერთწლიანი და მრავალწლიანი მცენარეების ფიტორემედიაციული თვისებები Cs137-ით დაბინძურებულ ნიადაგში. ნაჩვენებია, რომ ზოგიერთი მრავალწლიანი მცენარე, მაგალითად  იაპონური გრაკლა და გვიმრა, ნიადაგის დაბინძურების გარკვეული კრიტიკული მნიშვნელობას შემდეგ აღარ იღებენ Cs137-ს. ნაცარქათამა (ერთწლიანი მცენარე) ნიადაგის მაღალი დაბინძურების პირობებში გახმობამდე წინააღმდეგობას უწევს მასში Cs137-ის შესვლას. მხოლოდ სიცოცხლის ციკლის დასრულების წინ კარგავს რა წინააღმდეგობის უნარს, მასში შედის Cs137.