cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Viewers like you: Community norms and contributions to public broadcasting
Creators: name: Kropf, Martha Ellen
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: Economic theory suggests that public television stations should not receive the level of member support they do, because of the problem of free riding. Yet, many people do contribute, so the research question considered here is why do people contribute to public broadcasting when rational choice theory predicts they will not? My hypothesis is that "norms of cooperation" govern the behavior of individuals. "Norms" are expectations about action held by an individual, or by others in the community. One can measure the levels of these norms using cooperative activities, such as volunteering or voting. I provide two separate tests of this hypothesis. First, I analyze aggregate-level data. The Corporation for Public Broadcasting provided data on how much each public television station earned from member contributions in 1993, and the number of contributors to each station. Using television market area data, I analyze which "community" factors lead to higher total member contributions to each station. These data also allow me to test competing public finance theories such as whether government funding crowds out private giving and whether large groups encourage free riding. In this part of the analysis, I find that norms explain more and higher contributions. Norms also provide theoretical underpinning to the fact that smaller groups seem better able to provide public goods. To provide further confidence in the norms finding, I commissioned a telephone survey of public television viewers in three television designated market areas. The survey employs a case-control sampling design. The givers and non-givers are compared to each other to discover those attributes which may lead to contributions. The survey results are strongly supportive of the "norms" theory. For example, all else equal, individuals who contribute are more likely to participate in cooperative activities such as voting and volunteering. Measuring community cooperation using property crime rates, those individuals who live in communities with higher levels of cooperation are also more likely to contribute. This dissertation builds on a developing area of political science research: "norms of cooperation" have tremendous predictive power in determining whether a person will participate in the solution of collective action problems.
Model-based Joint Bit Allocation between Geometry and Color for Video-based 3D Point Cloud Compression
Creators: name: Liu, Qi
name: Yuan, Hui
name: Hou, Junhui
name: Hamzaoui, Raouf
name: Su, Honglei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Multimedia (cs.MM)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Rate distortion optimization plays a very important role in image/video coding. But for 3D point cloud, this problem has not been investigated. In this paper, the rate and distortion characteristics of 3D point cloud are investigated in detail, and a typical and challenging rate distortion optimization problem is solved for 3D point cloud. Specifically, since the quality of the reconstructed 3D point cloud depends on both the geometry and color distortions, we first propose analytical rate and distortion models for the geometry and color information in video-based 3D point cloud compression platform, and then solve the joint bit allocation problem for geometry and color based on the derived models. To maximize the reconstructed quality of 3D point cloud, the bit allocation problem is formulated as a constrained optimization problem and solved by an interior point method. Experimental results show that the rate-distortion performance of the proposed solution is close to that obtained with exhaustive search but at only 0.68% of its time complexity. Moreover, the proposed rate and distortion models can also be used for the other rate-distortion optimization problems (such as prediction mode decision) and rate control technologies for 3D point cloud coding in the future.
description: 13pages, 10 figures, submitted to IEEE Transactions on Multimedia
Viewers like you: Community norms and contributions to public broadcasting
Creators: name: Kropf, Martha Ellen
Publisher: name: ProQuest
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 44
subject: Human society
classificationCode: 4408
subject: Political science
subject: FOS: Political science

description: Economic theory suggests that public television stations should not receive the level of member support they do, because of the problem of free riding. Yet, many people do contribute, so the research question considered here is why do people contribute to public broadcasting when rational choice theory predicts they will not? My hypothesis is that "norms of cooperation" govern the behavior of individuals. "Norms" are expectations about action held by an individual, or by others in the community. One can measure the levels of these norms using cooperative activities, such as volunteering or voting. I provide two separate tests of this hypothesis. First, I analyze aggregate-level data. The Corporation for Public Broadcasting provided data on how much each public television station earned from member contributions in 1993, and the number of contributors to each station. Using television market area data, I analyze which "community" factors lead to higher total member contributions to each station. These data also allow me to test competing public finance theories such as whether government funding crowds out private giving and whether large groups encourage free riding. In this part of the analysis, I find that norms explain more and higher contributions. Norms also provide theoretical underpinning to the fact that smaller groups seem better able to provide public goods. To provide further confidence in the norms finding, I commissioned a telephone survey of public television viewers in three television designated market areas. The survey employs a case-control sampling design. The givers and non-givers are compared to each other to discover those attributes which may lead to contributions. The survey results are strongly supportive of the "norms" theory. For example, all else equal, individuals who contribute are more likely to participate in cooperative activities such as voting and volunteering. Measuring community cooperation using property crime rates, those individuals who live in communities with higher levels of cooperation are also more likely to contribute. This dissertation builds on a developing area of political science research: "norms of cooperation" have tremendous predictive power in determining whether a person will participate in the solution of collective action problems.
Dismantling the Arab wall around Israel: Geopolitical dynamics of system change in the Middle East
Creators: name: Drake, Laura Margaret
Publisher: name: ProQuest
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 44
subject: Human society
classificationCode: 4408
subject: Political science
subject: FOS: Political science

description: The Middle East state system has been defined not only by its multipolar structure but also by the exclusion of the region's hegemonic power: the prohibition against Israel interacting normally inside its regional environment. The system which formed was marked by a distinct inter-Arab balance of power within the larger Arab-Israeli balance---a two-tiered structure separated by an Arab wall of exclusion that cordoned off Israel and shielded the Arab world from all forms of Israeli power and influence except in the military sphere. In this context the dissertation examines from a larger international relations perspective the strategic significance of Israel's paramount objective of normalizing its relations with Arab regional states as the endgame to the Arab-Israeli conflict. The study delves into the long historical processes that have led the Arab world or subsystem, including the Palestinian element, to dismantle the Arab wall of exclusion and begin to accept Israel as a permanent and legitimate state actor. The most important process has been the Arabs' experience of regress in their strategic position as the Arab subsystem pursued its initial objective of destroying Israel. The work concludes by discussing the present-day consequences of re-constructed identities among the primary Middle East international political actors as a result of the Arab-Israeli conflict, and the strategic significance of admitting Israel as a new hegemon into the regional state system.
Complex nuclear-structure phenomena revealed from the nuclide production in fragmentation reactions
Creators: name: Ricciardi, M. V.
name: Ignatyuk, A. V.
name: Kelic, A.
name: Napolitani, P.
name: Rejmund, F.
name: Schmidt, K. -H.
name: Yordanov, O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Complex structural effects in the nuclide production from the projectile fragmentation of 1 A GeV 238U nuclei in a titanium target are reported. The structure seems to be insensitive to the excitation energy induced in the reaction. This is in contrast to the prominent structural features found in nuclear fission and in transfer reactions, which gradually disappear with increasing excitation energy. Using the statistical model of nuclear reactions, relations to structural effects in nuclear binding and in the nuclear level density are demonstrated.
description: 19 pages, 14 figures, background information on http://www-w2k.gsi.de/kschmidt/
Dismantling the Arab wall around Israel: Geopolitical dynamics of system change in the Middle East
Creators: name: Drake, Laura Margaret
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: The Middle East state system has been defined not only by its multipolar structure but also by the exclusion of the region's hegemonic power: the prohibition against Israel interacting normally inside its regional environment. The system which formed was marked by a distinct inter-Arab balance of power within the larger Arab-Israeli balance---a two-tiered structure separated by an Arab wall of exclusion that cordoned off Israel and shielded the Arab world from all forms of Israeli power and influence except in the military sphere. In this context the dissertation examines from a larger international relations perspective the strategic significance of Israel's paramount objective of normalizing its relations with Arab regional states as the endgame to the Arab-Israeli conflict. The study delves into the long historical processes that have led the Arab world or subsystem, including the Palestinian element, to dismantle the Arab wall of exclusion and begin to accept Israel as a permanent and legitimate state actor. The most important process has been the Arabs' experience of regress in their strategic position as the Arab subsystem pursued its initial objective of destroying Israel. The work concludes by discussing the present-day consequences of re-constructed identities among the primary Middle East international political actors as a result of the Arab-Israeli conflict, and the strategic significance of admitting Israel as a new hegemon into the regional state system.
Additional file 3 of Physical activity and exercise for older people living with HIV: a protocol for a scoping review
Creators: name: Chetty, Levin
name: Cobbing, Saul
name: Verusia Chetty
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology

description: Additional file 3. Data Charting form.
The roles of personality and genetics in smoking behavior
Creators: name: Nelson, Mark Leslie
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: Both genes and personality traits have been implicated in cigarette smoking. This study examined the role of a dopamine transporter gene polymorphism (SLC6A3-9) and of the personality trait of Novelty Seeking in the smoking behavior of a population of 124 current, former and non-smokers. Individuals with SLC6A3-9 were more likely to have been able to quit smoking than were individuals without this allele. In addition, using the Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI) as a measure of personality, a low score in Novelty Seeking was associated with allele 9. These results could have future significance for the design of smoking cessation programs.
Photon detection probability prediction using one-dimensional generative neural network
Creators: name: Mu, Wei
name: Himmel, Alexander I.
name: Ramson, Bryan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Photon detection is important for liquid argon detectors for direct dark matter searches or neutrino property measurements. Precise simulation of photon transport is widely used to understand the probability of photon detection in liquid argon detectors. Traditional photon transport simulation, which tracks every photon using theGeant4simulation toolkit, is a major computational challenge for kilo-tonne-scale liquid argon detectors and GeV-level energy depositions. In this work, we propose a one-dimensional generative model which efficiently generates features using an OuterProduct-layer. This model bypasses photon transport simulation and predicts the number of photons detected by particular photon detectors at the same level of detail as theGeant4simulation. The application to simulating photon detection systems in kilo-tonne-scale liquid argon detectors demonstrates this novel generative model is able to reproduceGeant4simulation with good accuracy and 20 to 50 times faster. This generative model can be used to quickly predict photon detection probability in huge liquid argon detectors like ProtoDUNE or DUNE.
The roles of personality and genetics in smoking behavior
Creators: name: Nelson, Mark Leslie
Publisher: name: ProQuest
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 52
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology
classificationCode: 5203
subject: Clinical and health psychology
classificationCode: 5205
subject: Social and personality psychology

description: Both genes and personality traits have been implicated in cigarette smoking. This study examined the role of a dopamine transporter gene polymorphism (SLC6A3-9) and of the personality trait of Novelty Seeking in the smoking behavior of a population of 124 current, former and non-smokers. Individuals with SLC6A3-9 were more likely to have been able to quit smoking than were individuals without this allele. In addition, using the Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI) as a measure of personality, a low score in Novelty Seeking was associated with allele 9. These results could have future significance for the design of smoking cessation programs.
An Investigation into Security in Single-Stall Washrooms
Creators: name: Dombowsky, Andrew
name: Cauri, Eric
name: Bilinski, Anthony
name: Chaudhary, Rishabh
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2017

description: The purpose of this report is to explore the best possible methods of decreasing misuse and vandalism in UBC’s single-stall washrooms. This research was prompted by UBC Access and Diversity’s concerns regarding the recent trend of students using single-stall washrooms, mainly the ones located in Koerner Library, as private study rooms. This issue creates problems for other users as a legitimate user may be unable to access proper washroom facilities when needed, should any in the vicinity be taken up by students abusing the space. The conclusions found in this report will also pertain to the limitation of vandalism in UBC’s washroom facilities, although this issue is secondary to the concerns in regards to misuse and therefore research was performed primarily with misuse as the main focus. The proposed solutions are to be simple to implement, relatively inexpensive and in particular will not limit accessibility for any potential users. Therefore this report will be targeting as wide a demographic as possible, including both students and non-students. Three main methods of deterrence were found to be most effective. The first is signage employing positive wording to encourage users to limit their time spent in the washroom and not to vandalise. The second is room lighting tied to a timer set off upon entrance into the washroom. The third is signage indicating clearly the phone numbers and other descriptive information as to who to contact to report vandalism. It was found that due to their incredibly simple premise and their excellent cost to effectiveness ratio, the addition of descriptive signage with positive wording placed in UBC’s single-stall washroom facilities will serve as the absolute best deterrent to misuse and vandalism. Disclaimer: “UBC SEEDS provides students with the opportunity to share the findings of their studies, as well as their opinions, conclusions and recommendations with the UBC community. The reader should bear in mind that this is a student project/report and is not an official document of UBC. Furthermore readers should bear in mind that these reports may not reflect the current status of activities at UBC. We urge you to contact the research persons mentioned in a report or the SEEDS Coordinator about the current status of the subject matter of a project/report.”
The charge-dyon bound system in the spherical quantum well
Creators: name: Mardoyan, L. G.
name: Petrosyan, L. S.
name: Sarkisyan, H. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The spherical wave functions of charge-dyon bounded system in a rectangular spherical quantum dot of infinitely and finite height are calculated. The transcendent equations, defining the energy spectra of the systems are obtained. The dependence of the energy levels from the wall sizes is found.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures
Evidence for Returning Disk Radiation in the Black Hole X-ray Binary XTE J1550-564
Creators: name: Connors, Riley M. T.
name: Garcia, Javier A.
name: Dauser, Thomas
name: Grinberg, Victoria
name: Steiner, James F.
name: Sridhar, Navin
name: Wilms, Joern
name: Tomsick, John
name: Harrison, Fiona
name: Licklederer, Stefan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore the accretion properties of the black hole X-ray binary \j1550\ during its outbursts in 1998/99 and 2000. We model the disk, corona, and reflection components of X-ray spectra taken with the {\it Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer} (\rxte), using the {\tt relxill} suite of reflection models. The key result of our modeling is that the reflection spectrum in the very soft state is best explained by disk self-irradiation, i.e., photons from the inner disk are bent by the strong gravity of the black hole, and reflected off the disk surface. This is the first known detection of thermal disk radiation reflecting off the inner disk. There is also an apparent absorption line at $\sim6.9$ keV which may be evidence of an ionized disk wind. The coronal electron temperature ($kT_{\rm e}$) is, as expected, lower in the brighter outburst of 1998/99, explained qualitatively by more efficient coronal cooling due to irradiating disk photons. The disk inner radius is consistent with being within a few times the innermost stable circular orbit (ISCO) throughout the bright-hard-to-soft states (10s of $r_{\rm g}$ in gravitational units). The disk inclination is low during the hard state, disagreeing with the binary inclination value, and very close to $90^{\circ}$ in the soft state, recovering to a lower value when adopting a blackbody spectrum as the irradiating continuum.
description: 21 pages, 13 figures, accepted by ApJ
Activities of the Operating Room, April 1943
Creators: name: Martin, John, 1904-1996
Publisher: name: DigitalHub. Galter Health Sciences Library & Learning Center
Year: 1943
Subjects: subject: World War II
subject: 12th General Hospital
subject: Surgery
subject: Surgical Procedures, Operative
subject: Equipment and Supplies, Hospital
subject: Hospitals, Military
subject: Laundry Service, Hospital
subject: Wounds and Injuries
subject: Anesthesia
subject: ʻAyn al-Turk (Algeria)
subject: Wounds and Injuries/therapy

description: These monthly reports consist of statistical tables that note the number of specific types of surgeries the 12th General Hospital Unit performed as well as information about surgical supplies.
Disentangling q-exponentials: A general approach
Creators: name: Quesne, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We revisit the q-deformed counterpart of the Zassenhaus formula, expressing the Jackson $q$-exponential of the sum of two non-$q$-commuting operators as an (in general) infinite product of $q$-exponential operators involving repeated $q$-commutators of increasing order, $E_q(A+B) = E_{q^{α_0}}(A) E_{q^{α_1}}(B) \prod_{i=2}^{\infty} E_{q^{α_i}}(C_i)$. By systematically transforming the $q$-exponentials into exponentials of series and using the conventional Baker-Campbell-Hausdorff formula, we prove that one can make any choice for the bases $q^{α_i}$, $i=0$, 1, 2, ..., of the $q$-exponentials in the infinite product. An explicit calculation of the operators $C_i$ in the successive factors, carried out up to sixth order, also shows that the simplest $q$-Zassenhaus formula is obtained for $α_0 = α_1 = 1$, $α_2 = 2$, and $α_3 = 3$. This confirms and reinforces a result of Sridhar and Jagannathan, based on fourth-order calculations.
description: LaTeX 2e, 19 pages, no figure
Shear-Driven Flow of Athermal, Frictionless, Spherocylinder Suspensions in Two Dimensions: Spatial Structure and Correlations
Creators: name: Marschall, Theodore A.
name: Teitel, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use numerical simulations to study the flow of athermal, frictionless, soft-core two dimensional spherocylinders driven by a uniform steady-state simple shear applied at a fixed volume and a fixed finite strain rate $\dotγ$. Energy dissipation is via a viscous drag with respect to a uniformly sheared host fluid, giving a simple model for flow in a non-Brownian suspension with Newtonian rheology. We study the resulting spatial structure of the sheared system, and compute correlation functions of the velocity, the particle density, the nematic order parameter, and the particle angular velocity. Correlations of density, nematic order, and angular velocity are shown to be short ranged both below and above jamming. We compare a system of size-bidisperse particles with a system of size-monodisperse particles, and argue how differences in spatial order as the packing increases leads to differences in the global nematic order parameter. We consider the effect of shearing on initially well ordered configurations, and show that in many cases the shearing acts to destroy the order, leading to the same steady-state ensemble as found when starting from random initial configurations.
description: 20 pages, 25 figures. Updated to reflect published version. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1909.08669
Layered Higgs Phase as a Possible Field Localisation on a Brane
Creators: name: Dimopoulos, P.
name: Farakos, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: So far it has been found by using lattice techniques that in the anisotropic five--dimensional Abelian Higgs model, a layered Higgs phase exists in addition to the expected five--dimensional one. The exploration of the phase diagram has shown that the two Higgs phases are separated by a phase transition from the confining phase. This transition is known to be first order. In this paper we explore the possibility of finding a second order transition point in the critical line which separates the first order phase transition from the crossover region. This is shown to be the case only for the four--dimensional Higgs layered phase whilst the phase transition to the five--dimensional broken phase remains first order. The layered phase serves as the possible realisation of four--dimensional spacetime dynamics which is embedded in a five--dimensional spacetime. These results are due to gauge and scalar field localisation by confining interactions along the extra fifth direction.
description: 1+15 pages, 12 figures
Knowledge, sex, and marriage in modern Bangkok: Cultural negotiations in the time of AIDS
Creators: name: Packard-Winkler, Mary
Publisher: name: ProQuest
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 44
subject: Human society
classificationCode: 4401
subject: Anthropology
subject: FOS: Sociology
classificationCode: 4405
subject: Gender studies

description: This research is an anthropological investigation of the meanings and practices of contemporary Thai marriage as they relate to sexual networks of risk and the potential for HIV/AIDS education among the urban middle classes of Bangkok. It explores the social constructions of gender, sexuality, and knowledge among married, or "heterosexually attached" women and men in order to map how dominant cultural ideologies relate to lived experiences in individuals' day-to-day married lives. HIV/AIDS has spread widely among the general Thai population. Analysts note women's vulnerability to infection from their primary partners and encourage greater sexual communication within marriage. This research sought insights to tailor HIV/AIDS prevention programs to meet the needs of married Thais in the under-researched middle classes. Socio-cultural data on marital dynamics, men's extramarital sex practices and women's responses to their partners' extramarital sex also advance theories of Thai marriage and sexuality. Findings show that women face a heavier burden than men in performing the cultural "work" of marriage. In order to maintain smooth relations, many women practice strategies of silence and knowledge management that serve some of their interests as wives, but also perpetuate the possibilities for men to pursue multiple sexual relationships. Women's strategies both accommodate and resist dominant ideologies, resulting in a variety of cultural tensions characterizing married women's lives in a complex and fast-changing urban environment. AIDS education programs in Thailand have instilled widespread knowledge about HIV transmission and spurred increased condom use in commercial sex contexts. However, Thai men and women do not want to use condoms, nor talk about sexual risk with their primary partners. Also, there is widespread belief that one can identify an HIV-infected person by illness symptoms and social status; the primary safe sex strategy is to "look" and "choose" carefully. These data on marriage dynamics and HIV/AIDS knowledge suggest that AIDS programs should teach about latency and the fact that even "nice" people can be infected, and promote culturally appropriate ways for partners to communicate so that sexual health can become consistent with marriage maintenance among middle class Thais.
Black Hole Mass Function of Coalescing Neutron Star-Black Hole Binary Systems: The Prospect of Reconstruction with the Gravitational Wave Observations
Creators: name: Tang, Shao-Peng
name: Wang, Hao
name: Wang, Yuan-Zhu
name: Han, Ming-Zhe
name: Fan, Yi-Zhong
name: Wei, Da-Ming
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The discovery of gravitational waves from compact objects coalescence opens a brand-new window to observe the universe. With more events being detected in the future, statistical examinations would be essential to better understand the underlying astrophysical processes. In this work we investigate the prospect of measuring the mass function of black holes that are merging with the neutron stars. Applying Bayesian parameter estimation for hundreds of simulated neutron star$-$black hole (NSBH) mergers, we find that the parameters for most of the injected events can be well recovered. We also take a Bayesian hierarchical model to reconstruct the population properties of the masses of black holes, in the presence of a low mass gap, both the mass gap and power-law index ($α$) of black hole mass function can be well measured, thus we can reveal where the $α$ is different for binary black hole (BBH) and NSBH systems. In the absence of a low mass gap, the gravitational wave data as well as the electromagnetic data can be used to pin down the nature of the merger event and then measure the mass of these very light black holes. However, as a result of the misclassification of BBH into NSBH, the measurement of $α$ is more challenging and further dedicated efforts are needed.
description: 12 pages, 6 figures, 2 tables, ApJ published
ABC of N=8, d=1 supermultiplets
Creators: name: Bellucci, S.
name: Ivanov, E.
name: Krivonos, S.
name: Lechtenfeld, O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct a variety of off-shell $N{=}8, d{=}1$ supermultiplets with finite numbers of component fields as direct sums of properly constrained $N{=}4, d{=}1$ superfields. We also show how these multiplets can be described in $N{=}8, d{=}1$ superspace where the whole amount of supersymmetry is manifest. Some of these multiplets can be obtained by dimensional reduction {}from $N{=}2$ multiplets in $d{=}4$, whereas others cannot. We give examples of invariant superfield actions for the multiplets constructed, including $N{=}8$ superconformally invariant ones.
description: 28 pages
Concurrent modelling of carbonation and chloride-induced deterioration and uncertainty treatment in aging bridge fragility assessment
Creators: name: Mortagi, Mohamed
name: Ghosh, Jayadipta
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Significant research efforts have been recently invested towards the evaluation of chloride-induced deterioration effects on the seismic vulnerability of aging highway bridges. Furthermore, when located in coastal cities with increased urbanisation or near shipyards, bridge structures may also be subjected to potentially high levels of carbon dioxide emissions. Consequently, the physicochemical process resulting from simultaneous ingress of chlorides and concrete carbonation may lead to accelerated corrosion deterioration of reinforced concrete components, as evidenced in past experimental tests. Nevertheless, little attention has been paid towards modelling this joint influence of chloride and carbonation-induced corrosion deterioration on strength degradation of bridge components. The present study proposes a numerical iterative scheme to evaluate the simultaneous impact of these deterioration mechanisms on the seismic response and bridge fragility. The proposed framework is demonstrated on a case-study multi-span continuous steel girder bridge in Central and Southeastern United States. Results reveal a considerable influence on the corrosion initiation time and seismic vulnerability under the concurrent carbonation and chloride ingress. Furthermore, this study also conducts a systematic exploration of uncertainty at different stages of the deterioration process. This exercise helps provide recommendations on balancing between computational complexity and accuracy of seismic fragility predictions.
Gamma-ray and synchrotron emission from neutralino annihilation in the Large Magellanic Cloud
Creators: name: Tasitsiomi, Argyro
name: Gaskins, Jennifer
name: Olinto, Angela V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate the expected flux of gamma-ray and radio emission from the LMC due to neutralino annihilation. Using rotation curve data to probe the density profile and assuming a minimum disk, we describe the dark matter halo of the LMC using models predicted by N-body simulations. We consider a range of density profiles including the NFW profile, a modified NFW profile proposed by Hayashi et al.(2003) to account for the effects of tidal stripping, and an isothermal sphere with a core. We find that the gamma-ray flux expected from these models may be detectable by GLAST for a significant part of the neutralino parameter space. The prospects for existing and upcoming Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescopes are less optimistic, as unrealistically long exposures are required for detection. However, the effects of adiabatic compression due to the baryonic component may improve the chances for detection by ACTs. The maximum flux we predict is well below EGRET's measurements and thus EGRET does not constrain the parameter space. The expected synchrotron emission generally lies below the observed radio emission from the LMC in the frequency range of 19.7 to 8550 MHz. As long as <2x 10^-26 cm^3 s^-1 for a neutralino mass of 50 GeV, the observed radio emission is not primarily due to neutralinos and is consistent with the assumption that the main source is cosmic rays. We find that the predicted fluxes, obtained by integrating over the entire LMC, are not very strongly dependent on the inner slope of the halo profile, varying by less than an order of magnitude for the range of profiles we considered.
description: 24 pages, 5 figures; detailed discussion of how the neutralino induced signals compare with the cosmic-ray induced ones was added. Main conclusions unchanged. Matches accepted version, to appear in Astroparticle Physics
How ice grows from premelting films and water droplets
Creators: name: Sibley, David N.
name: Llombart, Pablo
name: Noya, Eva G.
name: Archer, Andrew J.
name: MacDowell, Luis G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Close to the triple point, the surface of ice is covered by a thin liquid layer (so-called quasi-liquid layer) which crucially impacts growth and melting rates. Experimental probes cannot observe the growth processes below this layer, and classical models of growth by vapor deposition do not account for the formation of premelting films. Here, we develop a mesoscopic model of liquid-film mediated ice growth, and identify the various resulting growth regimes. At low saturation, freezing proceeds by terrace spreading, but the motion of the buried solid is conveyed through the liquid to the outer liquid-vapor interface. At higher saturations water droplets condense, a large crater forms below, and freezing proceeds undetectably beneath the droplet. Our approach is a general framework that naturally models freezing close to three phase coexistence and provides a first principle theory of ice growth and melting which may prove useful in the geosciences.
description: 32 pages, 10 figures
Knowledge, sex, and marriage in modern Bangkok: Cultural negotiations in the time of AIDS
Creators: name: Packard-Winkler, Mary
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: This research is an anthropological investigation of the meanings and practices of contemporary Thai marriage as they relate to sexual networks of risk and the potential for HIV/AIDS education among the urban middle classes of Bangkok. It explores the social constructions of gender, sexuality, and knowledge among married, or "heterosexually attached" women and men in order to map how dominant cultural ideologies relate to lived experiences in individuals' day-to-day married lives. HIV/AIDS has spread widely among the general Thai population. Analysts note women's vulnerability to infection from their primary partners and encourage greater sexual communication within marriage. This research sought insights to tailor HIV/AIDS prevention programs to meet the needs of married Thais in the under-researched middle classes. Socio-cultural data on marital dynamics, men's extramarital sex practices and women's responses to their partners' extramarital sex also advance theories of Thai marriage and sexuality. Findings show that women face a heavier burden than men in performing the cultural "work" of marriage. In order to maintain smooth relations, many women practice strategies of silence and knowledge management that serve some of their interests as wives, but also perpetuate the possibilities for men to pursue multiple sexual relationships. Women's strategies both accommodate and resist dominant ideologies, resulting in a variety of cultural tensions characterizing married women's lives in a complex and fast-changing urban environment. AIDS education programs in Thailand have instilled widespread knowledge about HIV transmission and spurred increased condom use in commercial sex contexts. However, Thai men and women do not want to use condoms, nor talk about sexual risk with their primary partners. Also, there is widespread belief that one can identify an HIV-infected person by illness symptoms and social status; the primary safe sex strategy is to "look" and "choose" carefully. These data on marriage dynamics and HIV/AIDS knowledge suggest that AIDS programs should teach about latency and the fact that even "nice" people can be infected, and promote culturally appropriate ways for partners to communicate so that sexual health can become consistent with marriage maintenance among middle class Thais.
Equilibrium geometries of low-lying isomers of some Li clusters, within Hartree-Fock theory plus bond order or MP2 correlation corrections
Creators: name: Grassi, A.
name: Lombardo, G. M.
name: Angilella, G. G. N.
name: March, N. H.
name: Pucci, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Atomic and Molecular Clusters (physics.atm-clus)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In a recent study by Kornath et al. [J. Chem. Phys. 118 (2003) 6957], the Li_n clusters with n=2, 4 and 8 have been isolated in argon matrices at 15 K and characterized by Raman spectroscopy. This has prompted us to carry out a theoretical study on such clusters up to n=10, using Hartree-Fock theory, plus low-order Moeller-Plesset perturbation corrections. To check against the above study of Kornath et al., as a by-product we have made the same approximations for n=6 and 8 as we have for n=10. This has led us to emphasize trends with n through the Li_n clusters for (i) ground-state energy, (ii) HOMO-LUMO energy gap, (iii) dissociation energy, and (iv) Hartree-Fock eigenvalue sum. The role of electron correlation in distinguishing between low-lying isomers is plainly crucial, and will need a combination of experiment and theory to obtain decisive results such as that of Kornath et al. for Li_8. In particular, it is shown that Hartree-Fock theory plus bond order correlations does account for the experimentally observed symmetry T_d symmetry for Li_8.
description: accepted for publication in J. Chem. Phys
Nonlocal resources in the presence of Superselection Rules
Creators: name: Schuch, N.
name: Verstraete, F.
name: Cirac, J. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Superselection rules severely alter the possible operations that can be implemented on a distributed quantum system. Whereas the restriction to local operations imposed by a bipartite setting gives rise to the notion of entanglement as a nonlocal resource, the superselection rule associated with particle number conservation leads to a new resource, the \emph{superselection induced variance} of local particle number. We show that, in the case of pure quantum states, one can quantify the nonlocal properties by only two additive measures, and that all states with the same measures can be asymptotically interconverted into each other by local operations and classical communication. Furthermore we discuss how superselection rules affect the concepts of majorization, teleportation and mixed state entanglement.
description: 4 pages
Americans' attitudes toward gays and lesbians since 1965
Creators: name: Rogers, Marc Alan
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: Public opinion has played an increasingly important role in politicians' and policymakers' decisionmaking, prompting political scientists to analyze the public's views toward numerous social issues. Attitudes toward gays and lesbians, however, have not been well-examined, despite the issue's intensifying political and social divisiveness. I investigate the degree, direction, and sources of change in public acceptance of gays and lesbians, and attitudes toward guaranteeing their civil rights and liberties. This is accomplished in three parts. First, I retrieved every polling question on the topic of homosexuals, gays, and lesbians from the archives of the Roper Center for Public Opinion Research through November 1996 for a trend analysis. I then analyzed longitudinal change using Gallup and General Social Survey data by performing cohort and changing demographic effects analyses. Americans support lesbians' and gays' freedom to express themselves and support for their civil liberties has grown consistently into the 1990s. There are positive attitude trends regarding at least one civil rights issue-job discrimination---but there are no such trends toward equal rights legislation or toward legalization of same-sex relations. A positive trend may be developing in favor of lesbians' and gays' right to adopt children. Support for gay marriage, however, has stagnated. Public acceptance of homosexuality as a different or alternative lifestyle has increased since the 1970s, and in the 1990s, substantially less of the public believes homosexuality is wrong than in previous decades. Most other acceptance measures exhibit little progress. Cohort analysis reveals that more recent opinion change has been due largely to people changing their minds favorably. With that development, the pace of change has increased, which may indicate that more rapid shifts are on the horizon. Demographic effects have been surprisingly stable over time, with better educated and younger Americans more likely to support gays' liberties and rights and to be more accepting toward them. Jews and those of no religious affiliation are more likely than Protestants to express gay-supportive attitudes on all categories of measures, and males are often more negative than females toward lesbians and gays, especially regarding employment and social acceptance issues.
Tagged-particle dynamics in a hard-sphere system: mode-coupling theory analysis
Creators: name: Voigtmann, Th.
name: Puertas, A. M.
name: Fuchs, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The predictions of the mode-coupling theory of the glass transition (MCT) for the tagged-particle density-correlation functions and the mean-squared displacement curves are compared quantitatively and in detail to results from Newtonian- and Brownian-dynamics simulations of a polydisperse quasi-hard-sphere system close to the glass transition. After correcting for a 17% error in the dynamical length scale and for a smaller error in the transition density, good agreement is found over a wide range of wave numbers and up to five orders of magnitude in time. Deviations are found at the highest densities studied, and for small wave vectors and the mean-squared displacement. Possible error sources not related to MCT are discussed in detail, thereby identifying more clearly the issues arising from the MCT approximation itself. The range of applicability of MCT for the different types of short-time dynamics is established through asymptotic analyses of the relaxation curves, examining the wave-number and density-dependent characteristic parameters. Approximations made in the description of the equilibrium static structure are shown to have a remarkable effect on the predicted numerical value for the glass-transition density. Effects of small polydispersity are also investigated, and shown to be negligible.
description: 20 pages, 23 figures
Additional file 1 of Phylogenetic relationship between Australian Fusarium oxysporum isolates and resolving the species complex using the multispecies coalescent model
Creators: name: Saidi R. Achari
name: Kaur, Jatinder
name: Dinh, Quang
name: Mann, Ross
name: Sawbridge, Tim
name: Summerell, Brett A.
name: Edwards, Jacqueline
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1: Supplementary Table 1. Mitochondrial genome lengths, Variant types and intron present in the Fusarium oxysporum isolates used in this study. 1corrected mt length refers to the length without the introns present.
Asymptotic normality of consecutive patterns in permutations encoded by generating trees with one-dimensional labels
Creators: name: Borga, Jacopo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We consider uniform random permutations drawn from a family enumerated through generating trees. We develop a new general technique to establish a central limit theorem for the number of consecutive occurrences of a fixed pattern in such permutations. We propose a technique to sample uniform permutations in such families as conditioned random colored walks. Building on that, we derive the behavior of the consecutive patterns in random permutations studying properties of the consecutive increments in the corresponding random walks. The method applies to families of permutations with a one-dimensional-labeled generating tree (together with some technical assumptions) and implies local convergence for random permutations in such families. We exhibit ten different families of permutations, most of them being permutation classes, that satisfy our assumptions. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first work where generating trees - which were introduced to enumerate combinatorial objects - have been used to establish probabilistic results.
description: New version including referee's corrections, accepted for publication in Random Structures & Algorithms
4. Implementation Plan Template
Creators: name: Nelson, Therese Allen
Publisher: name: DigitalHub. Galter Health Sciences Library & Learning Center
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: PROs
subject: Patient-Reported Outcome Measures
subject: Implementation Science
subject: Patient Reported Outcome Measures
subject: Patient Participation
subject: Surveys and Questionnaires
subject: Implementation Science

description: See "1. PRO Planning Tools Overview" for a description of this collection of PRO planning tools, as well as a full list of authors at multiple institutions and complete funding acknowledgements.
description: See PRO Planning Tools Overview