cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Shear viscosity in neutron star cores
Creators: name: Shternin, P. S.
name: Yakovlev, D. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate the shear viscosity $η= η_{eμ}+η_{n}$ in a neutron star core composed of nucleons, electrons and muons ($η_{eμ}$ being the electron-muon viscosity, mediated by collisions of electrons and muons with charged particles, and $η_{n}$ the neutron viscosity, mediated by neutron-neutron and neutron-proton collisions). Deriving $η_{eμ}$, we take into account the Landau damping in collisions of electrons and muons with charged particles via the exchange of transverse plasmons. It lowers $η_{eμ}$ and leads to the non-standard temperature behavior $η_{eμ}\propto T^{-5/3}$. The viscosity $η_{n}$ is calculated taking into account that in-medium effects modify nucleon effective masses in dense matter. Both viscosities, $η_{eμ}$ and $η_{n}$, can be important, and both are calculated including the effects of proton superfluidity. They are presented in the form valid for any equation of state of nucleon dense matter. We analyze the density and temperature dependence of $η$ for different equations of state in neutron star cores, and compare $η$ with the bulk viscosity in the core and with the shear viscosity in the crust.
description: 22 pages, 7 figures, Phys. Rev. D., accepted. In v.2 typos and two refs. corrected
Genital inflammation undermines the effectiveness of tenofovir gel in preventing HIV acquisition in women
Creators: name: Archary, Derseree
name: Nagelkerke, Nico
name: Yende-Zuma, Nonhlanhla
name: Sivro, Aida
name: Garcia Lerma, Jose Gerardo
name: Liebenberg, Lenine J
name: Mansoor, Leila E
name: Ngcapu, Sinaye
name: McKinnon, Lyle R
name: Masson, Lindi
name: Karim, Salim S Abdool
name: Karim, Quarraisha Abdool
name: Kashuba, Angela D
name: Passmore, Jo-Ann S
Publisher: name: Springer Nature
Year: 2018

description:
Several clinical trials have demonstrated that antiretroviral (ARV) drugs taken as pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) can prevent HIV infection1, with the magnitude of protection ranging from −49 to 86% (refs. 2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11). Although these divergent outcomes are thought to be due primarily to differences in product adherence12, biological factors likely contribute13. Despite selective recruitment of higher-risk participants for prevention trials, HIV risk is heterogeneous even within higher-risk groups14,15,16. To determine whether this heterogeneity could influence patient outcomes following PrEP, we undertook a post hoc prospective analysis of results from the CAPRISA 004 trial for 1% tenofovir gel (n = 774 patients), one of the first trials to demonstrate protection against HIV infection. Concentrations of nine proinflammatory cytokines were measured in cervicovaginal lavages at >2,000 visits, and a graduated cytokine score was used to define genital inflammation. In women without genital inflammation, tenofovir was 57% protective against HIV (95% confidence interval (CI): 7–80%) but was 3% protective (95% CI: −104–54%) if genital inflammation was present. Among women who highly adhered to the gel, tenofovir protection was 75% (95% CI: 25–92%) in women without inflammation compared to −10% (95% CI: −184–57%) in women with inflammation. Immunological predictors of HIV risk may modify the effectiveness of tools for HIV prevention; reducing genital inflammation in women may augment HIV prevention efforts.
title: Training of artificial neuronal networks with nonlinear optimization techniques
title: Training künstlicher Neuronaler Netze mit Techniken der nichtlinearen Optimierung
Creators: name: Tchouto Mbatchou, Thierry
Publisher: name: BTU  Cottbus - Senftenberg
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 510 Mathematik

description: Machine learning is a field that has been the object of study of many researchers around the globe during the last decades. Very often to solve machine learning challenges like classification problems for example, one needs to train an artificial neural network. To train this network a certain loss function has to be minimized. There is a ubiquitous approach to achieve this which consists of using variants of the stochastic gradient descent combined with the backpropagation algorithm. In our work, we aimed at testing a rather non-conventional scheme consisting of making use of the solvers a software called AMPL offers.
description: Maschinelles Lernen ist ein Gebiet, mit dem sich in den letzten Jahrzehnten viele Forscher rund um den Globus intensiv auseinandergesetzt haben. Um Probleme im Gebiet des maschinellen Lernens lösen zu können, wie zum Beispiel Klassifizierungsprobleme, muss man sehr oft ein künstliches neuronales Netz trainieren. Damit ein solches Netz erfolgreich trainiert werden kann, muss eine bestimmte Verlustfunktion minimiert werden. Es gibt einen allgegenwärtigen Ansatz, um dies zu erreichen, der darin besteht, Varianten des stochastischen Gradientenabstiegs kombiniert mit dem Backpropagation-Algorithmus zu verwenden. In unserer Arbeit wollten wir ein eher unkonventionelles Schema testen, indem wir die von einer Software names AMPL angebotenen Solver gebrauchen.
description: Cottbus Mathematical Preprints; 15, 2021
title: Good Policy Choices Even When Voters Entertain Biased Beliefs: A Model with Endogenous Valence
title: MAGKS - Joint Discussion Paper Series in Economics
Creators: name: Bischoff, Ivo
name: Siemers, Lars
Publisher: name: Philipps-Universität Marburg
Year: 2008
Subjects: VP-functions
biased voting
Voting behaviour
valence
Economics
Wirtschaft
dynamic party competition

description: In “The Myth of the Rational Voter” Brian Caplan shows that voters entertain systematically
biased beliefs on a number of essential issues of economic policy and concludes that this leads
democracies to choose bad policies. We introduce the psychological concept of mental models
to address voters’ naive reasoning about the economy and thereby explain the persistent
bias in beliefs. Next, we develop a game-theoretical model to show that this does not automatically
lead to bad policy choices. The model formalizes Caplan’s thought experiment No.
4 by introducing endogenous party valence to a model of probabilistic voting. In so doing, we
provide an investigation of when good policies are chosen in democracy. Based on our findings,
we discuss the impact of different political institutions on economic outcomes.
The origins of the NPA : a study in Vancouver politics 1930-1940
Creators: name: Smith, Andrea Barbara
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: This thesis attempts to explain the emergence and success of 'non-partisan' politics in Vancouver in the 1930s. It contends that the formation of the Non-Partisan Association in 1937 hinged on the structural change in municipal government from a ward system to an at-large system in 1935; and further, that the NPA was the defensive reaction of provincial Liberals and Conservatives to the success of the CCF in municipal politics under the new system. This author proceeds from the premise that the 'nonpartisan' nature of civic politics is a myth. In Chapter I the conservative ideological foundations of the 'non-partisan' philosophy are revealed in the alarmist response of the province's political and business elites to the depression. In Chapter II an examination of the origins of the change in the structure of Vancouver's government discloses the key role played by G.G. McGeer and other provincial politicians in the city's affairs. Chapter III examines the specific local developments that prompted the NPA's formation. The strength of the CCF in the city is assessed as well as the practical implications of the new at-large system for civic elections. Group biography confirms the partisan character of the NPA organization and reveals its provincial roots. Finally, this thesis discusses the reasons for the NPA's long term success and the implications for the city. An examination of the city's voting patterns in the 1930s reveals the effectiveness of the NPA's rhetoric and its organizational abilities under an at-large system.
title: Wie sehen Jugendliche Gender und Sex in öffentlicher Erziehung? Rekonstruktionen der Perspektiven von Adressat_innen der Kinder- und Jugendhilfe
Creators: name: Domann, Sophie
name: Rusack, Tanja
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Erziehung
subject: Gender
subject: Heimerziehung
subject: Jugendforschung
subject: Jugendliche
subject: Kinder- und Jugendhilfe
subject: offene Jugendarbeit
subject: Qualitative Forschung
subject: ddc:370

description: Der Beitrag zeigt die Sichtweisen der jugendlichen Adressat_innen auf sexualpädagogische Angebote in der offenen Jugendarbeit und der Heimerziehung. Im Vorfeld werden die Felder mit ihren Anforderungen und Herausforderungen zu sexueller Vielfalt und sexualpädagogischen Angeboten dargestellt. Der empirische Teil wird durch die Beschreibung des Erhebungs- und Auswertungsverfahrens – dem Gruppendiskussionen und erzählgenerierende Interviews unter Berücksichtigung der Adressat_innenperspektive zugrunde liegen – eingeleitet. Im empirischen Hauptteil werden im Sinne der Adressat_innenforschung die jugendlichen Sichtweisen dargestellt. Diese Darstellung unterteilt sich in drei Bereiche: Sexualität und Paarbeziehungen, Genderkonstruktionen und sexualpädagogische Angebote. Der Artikel schließt mit der Forderung nach weiterer Forschung zum Thema Gender in der Kinder- und Jugendhilfe, um die Sichtweisen der Jugendlichen zu berücksichtigen, aber auch, um reflektieren zu können, dass Jugendliche ebenfalls in einer heterosexuellen Matrix verhaftet sind und es einer Sexualpädagogik bedarf, die geschlechtersensibel gedacht werden kann.
Deeply Virtual Neutrino Scattering
Creators: name: Psaker, Ales
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the extension of the deeply virtual Compton scattering process into the weak interaction sector.
description: Talk given at the Fifth International Workshop on Neutrino-Nucleus Interactions in the Few-GeV Region, FNAL, May 30 - June 3, 2007. To appear in the conference proceedings
Exploration of doped quantum magnets with ultracold atoms
Creators: name: Bohrdt, Annabelle
name: Homeier, Lukas
name: Reinmoser, Christian
name: Demler, Eugene
name: Grusdt, Fabian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the last decade, quantum simulators, and in particular cold atoms in optical lattices, have emerged as a valuable tool to study strongly correlated quantum matter. These experiments are now reaching regimes that are numerically difficult or impossible to access. In particular they have started to fulfill a promise which has contributed significantly to defining and shaping the field of cold atom quantum simulations, namely the exploration of doped and frustrated quantum magnets and the search for the origins of high-temperature superconductivity in the fermionic Hubbard model. Despite many future challenges lying ahead, such as the need to further lower the experimentally accessible temperatures, remarkable studies have already emerged. Among them, spin-charge separation in one-dimensional systems has been demonstrated, extended-range antiferromagnetism in two-dimensional systems has been observed, connections to modern day large-scale numerical simulations were made, and unprecedented comparisons with microscopic trial wavefunctions have been carried out at finite doping. In many regards, the field has acquired new realms, putting old ideas to a new test and producing new insights and inspiration for the next generation of physicists. In the first part of this paper, we review the results achieved in cold atom realizations of the Fermi-Hubbard model in recent years. In the second part of this paper, with the stage set and the current state of the field in mind, we propose a new direction for cold atoms to explore: namely mixed-dimensional bilayer systems, where the charge motion is restricted to individual layers which remain coupled through spin-exchange. We propose a novel, strong pairing mechanism in these systems, which puts the formation of hole pairs at experimentally accessible, elevated temperatures within reach.
description: 51 pages, 23 figures; review + new perspectives
title: Voting experiments: Bandwagon voting or false-consensus effect?
title: MAGKS - Joint Discussion Paper Series in Economics
Creators: name: Bischoff, Ivo
name: Egbert, Henrik
Publisher: name: Philipps-Universität Marburg
Year: 2008
Subjects: voting
Economics
Wirtschaft
bandwagon voting
experiments
false consensus effect

description: In an experiment designed to test for expressive voting, Tyran (JPubEc 2004) found a strong
positive correlation between the participants’ approval for a proposal to donate money for
charity and their expected approval rate for fellow voters. This phenomenon can be due to
bandwagon voting or a false consensus effect. The social science literature reports both effects
for voting decisions. Replicating Tyran’s experiment and adding new treatments, we
provide evidence for a false consensus effect but find no support for bandwagon voting.
ความสัมพันธ์ทางวิวัฒนาการของพืชสกุล Barleria โดยใช้ลาดับนิวคลีโอไทด์บริเวณ trnL-trnF (Phylogenetic Relationships in The Genus  Barleria  Inferred from The  trnL-trnF Sequences Region)
Creators: name: สุพัตรา โพธิ์เอี่ยม
Publisher: name: Genetics Society of Thailand
Year: 2013
Subjects: Barleria sp., Sang korani (Barleria strigosa), Ya hua nak (Barleria strigosa var. polytricha), trnL-trnF region

description: S1 (Special Issue 1), S.1, Thai Journal of Genetics
Photon interactions with superconducting topological defects
Creators: name: Battye, Richard A.
name: Viatic, Dominic G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using a toy model for the interactions between a defect-forming field and the photon field where the photon becomes massive in the defect core (motivated by recent work on defects in the 2HDM), we study the impact on photon propagation in the background of the defect. We find that, when the photon frequency (in natural units) is much lower than the symmetry breaking scale, domain walls reflect most of an incoming photon signal leading to potential interesting astrophysical signals. We also adapt the calculations for vortices and monopoles. We find that the case of strings is very similar to the standard case for massive scalar particles, but in the case of monopoles the cross-section is proportional to the geometrical area of the monopole.
description: 8 pages, to appear in Physics Letters B
Fundamental groups of symmetric sextics. II
Creators: name: Degtyarev, Alex
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14H30, 14H45

description: We study the moduli spaces and compute the fundamental groups of plane sextics of torus type with the set of inner singularities $2\bold{A}_8$ or $\bold{A}_{17}$. We also compute the fundamental groups of a number of other sextics, both of and not of torus type. The groups found are simplest possible, i.e., $\Bbb{Z}_2*\Bbb{Z}_3$ and $\Bbb{Z}_6$, respectively.
Radiative Transfer Effect on Ultraviolet Pumping of the 21cm Line in the High Redshift Universe
Creators: name: Chuzhoy, Leonid
name: Zheng, Zheng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: During the epoch of reionization the 21cm signal is sensitive to the scattering rate of the ultraviolet photons, redshifting across the Lyman_alpha resonance. Here we calculate the photon scattering rate profile for a single ultraviolet source. After taking into account previously neglected natural broadening of the resonance line, we find that photons approach the resonance frequency and experience most scatterings at a significantly smaller distance from the source than naively expected r=(dnu/nu_0)(c/H), where dnu=nu-nu_0 is the initial frequency offset, and the discrepancy increases as the initial frequency offset decreases. As a consequence, the scattering rate P(r) drops much faster with increasing distance than the previously assumed 1/r^2 profile. Near the source (r<1Mpc comoving), the scattering rate of photons that redshift into the Ly_alpha resonance converges to P(r) \propto r^{-7/3}. The scattering rate of Ly_alpha photons produced by splitting of photons that redshift into a higher resonance (Ly_gamma, Ly_delta, etc.) is only weakly affected by the radiative transfer, while the sum of scattering rates of Ly_alpha photons produced from all higher resonances also converges to P(r) \propto r^{-7/3} near the source. At 15
description: 7 pages, 4 figures, submitted to ApJ
Relaxation of Terrace-width Distributions: Physical Information from Fokker-Planck Time
Creators: name: Hamouda, Ajmi BH.
name: Pimpinelli, Alberto
name: Einstein, T. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently some of us have constructed a Fokker-Planck formalism to describe the equilibration of the terrace-width distribution of a vicinal surface from an arbitrary initial configuration. However, the meaning of the associated relaxation time, related to the strength of the random noise in the underlying Langevin equation, was rather unclear. Here we present a set of careful kinetic Monte Carlo simulations that demonstrate convincingly that the time constant shows activated behavior with a barrier that has a physically plausible dependence on the energies of the governing microscopic model. Furthermore, the Fokker-Planck time at least semiquantitatively tracks the actual physical time.
description: 11 pages, 7 color figures
title: Do we (still) need to regulate fixed network retail markets?
title: MAGKS - Joint Discussion Paper Series in Economics
Creators: name: Briglauer, Wolfgang
name: Götz, Georg
name: Schwarz, Anton
Publisher: name: Philipps-Universität Marburg
Year: 2008
Subjects: fixed networks
price squeeze, telecommunications
foreclosure
access regulation
vertical integration
Economics
Wirtschaft

description: In the beginning of fixed network liberalisation in Europe in the late 1990s, the main
concern of regulators was to lower calls prices. This was done by introducing wholesale
regulation and promoting service based competition. Some years later, the concern of
some regulators turned from too high calls prices to too low calls prices which might
‘squeeze’ entrants out of the market. We look at a simple model in which this development
is explained by increasing competitive pressure from an ‘outside opportunity’, e.g. mobile
telephony. We conclude that a margin squeeze is not necessarily used by the incumbent as
a device to drive competitors out of the market and increase market power but can also
result from increased inter-model competition. If this is the case, we argue that regulators
should consider alternatives to cost oriented access prices such as retail minus or complete
deregulation.
title: „Making Art, Making Media, Making Change!?“ Prozesse des Queerings und des Empowerments in der Arbeit mit Jugendlichen
Creators: name: Zobl, Elke
name: Drüeke, Ricarda
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Feminismus
subject: Heteronormativität
subject: Heteronormativitätskritik
subject: kritische Kunst- und Kulturvermittlung
subject: Kultur
subject: kulturelle Produktion
subject: Medien
subject: Queering
subject: ddc:370

description: Wie können soziale und kulturelle Ordnungen, die eine Gesellschaft strukturieren, in der Arbeit mit Jugendlichen thematisiert werden? Wie lassen sich Machtverhältnisse und hegemoniale Deutungen infrage stellen? Das in diesem Beitrag vorgestellte Wissenschaftskommunikationsprojekt greift solche Fragestellungen auf und eröffnet in der Zusammenarbeit mit Jugendlichen Möglichkeiten der Intervention in hegemoniale Deutungsmuster durch eigene kulturelle Produktionen. Den theoretischen Rahmen bildet eine Verbindung der Perspektive des Queerings mit Ansätzen der kritischen Kunst- und Kulturvermittlung. Anhand von durchgeführten Workshops mit Jugendlichen und den im Projekt entwickelten visuellen Materialien diskutieren wir, wie durch Bildkarten die Heteronormativität sowie Zweigeschlechtlichkeit infrage gestellt sowie dominante Blickregime und hegemoniale Bildpolitiken und Zuschreibungen kritisch reflektiert werden können. Ein Queering kann demnach Handlungsräume für Jugendliche eröffnen, in denen gemeinsam gesellschaftliche und soziale Normierungen dekonstruiert sowie (macht)kritische und ermächtigende Deutungen erarbeitet werden können.
Detection of a Multiphase Intragroup Medium: Results from the COS-IGrM Survey
Creators: name: McCabe, Tyler
name: Borthakur, Sanchayeeta
name: Heckman, Timothy
name: Tumlinson, Jason
name: Bordoloi, Rongmon
name: Dave, Romeel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the results of the COS Intragroup Medium (COS-IGrM) Survey that used the Cosmic Origins Spectrograph on the Hubble Space Telescope to observe a sample of 18 UV bright quasars, each probing the intragroup medium (IGrM) of a galaxy group. We detect Ly$α$, C II, N V, Si II, Si III, and O VI in multiple sightlines. The highest ionization species detected in our data is O VI, which was detected in 8 out of 18 quasar sightlines. The wide range of ionization states observed provide evidence that the IGrM is patchy and multiphase. We find that the O VI detections generally align with radiatively cooling gas between $10^{5.8}$ and $10^6$ K. The lack of O VI detections in 10 of the 18 groups illustrates that O VI may not be the ideal tracer of the volume filling component of the IGrM. Instead, it either exists at trace levels in a hot IGrM or is generated in the boundary between the hotter IGrM and cooler gas.
description: 29 pages, 26 figures, accepted to ApJ
Parametrization of the QCD coupling in the Evolution Equations
Creators: name: Ermolaev, B. I.
name: Troyan, S. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine the parametrization of the QCD coupling in the Evolution Equations, including DGLAP. Our conclusion is that the well-known parametrization, where the argument of the coupling is k^2_{\perp}/βor just k^2_{\perp}, stands only if the lowest integration limit in the transverse momentum space (the starting point mu^2 of the Q^2 -evolution) obeys the relation mu >> Lambda_{QCD} \exp {(π/2)}, otherwise the coupling should be replaced by the more complicated expression presented in Eq. (37).
description: 8 pages, 4 figures
Primordial black holes formation and secondary gravitational waves in nonminimal derivative coupling inflation
Creators: name: Teimoori, Zeinab
name: Rezazadeh, Kazem
name: Karami, Kayoomars
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the possibility of the Primordial Black Holes (PBHs) formation with the aim of finding a considerable fraction of Dark Matter (DM), using the gravitationally enhanced friction mechanism which arises from a nonminimal derivative coupling between the scalar field and the gravity. Assuming the nonminimal coupling parameter as a special function of the scalar field and considering the potential of natural inflation, we find three parameter sets that produce a period of ultra slow-roll inflation. This leads to sufficiently large enhancement in the curvature power spectra to form PBHs. We show that under the gravitationally enhanced friction mechanism, PBHs with a mass around ${\cal O}\big(10^{-12}\big)M_\odot$ can constitute around $96\%$ of the total DM and so this class of PBHs can be taken as a great candidate for DM. We further study the secondary Gravitational Waves (GWs) in our setting and show that our model predicts the peak of the present fractional energy density as $Ω_{GW0} \sim 10^{-8}$ at different frequencies for all the three parameter sets. This value lies well inside the sensitivity region of some GWs detectors at some frequencies, and therefore the observational compatibility of our model can be appraised by the data from these detectors.
description: 21 pages, 9 figures
Constraining Warm Dark Matter using QSO gravitational lensing
Creators: name: Miranda, M.
name: Macciò, A. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Warm Dark Matter (WDM) has been invoked to resolve apparent conflicts of Cold Dark Matter (CDM) models with observations on subgalactic scales. In this work we provide a new and independent lower limit for the WDM particle mass (e.g. sterile neutrino) through the analysis of image fluxes in gravitationally lensed QSOs. Starting from a theoretical unperturbed cusp configuration we analyze the effects of intergalactic haloes in modifying the fluxes of QSO multiple images, giving rise to the so-called anomalous flux ratio. We found that the global effect of such haloes strongly depends on their mass/abundance ratio and it is maximized for haloes in the mass range $10^6-10^8 \Msun$. This result opens up a new possibility to constrain CDM predictions on small scales and test different warm candidates, since free streaming of warm dark matter particles can considerably dampen the matter power spectrum in this mass range. As a consequence, while a ($Λ$)CDM model is able to produce flux anomalies at a level similar to those observed, a WDM model, with an insufficiently massive particle, fails to reproduce the observational evidences. Our analysis suggests a lower limit of a few keV ($m_ν \sim 10$) for the mass of warm dark matter candidates in the form of a sterile neutrino. This result makes sterile neutrino Warm Dark Matter less attractive as an alternative to Cold Dark Matter, in good agreement with previous findings from Lyman-$α$ forest and Cosmic Microwave Background analysis.
description: One equation added, typo in eq: 5 corrected, minor changes to match the accepted version by MNRAS
title: Margin Squeeze in Fixed-Network Telephony Markets – competitive or anticompetitive?
title: MAGKS - Joint Discussion Paper Series in Economics
Creators: name: Briglauer, Wolfgang
name: Götz, Georg
name: Schwarz, Anton
Publisher: name: Philipps-Universität Marburg
Year: 2008
Subjects: foreclosure
telecommunications
access regulation
Economics
Wirtschaft
margin squeeze
fixed networks

description: This paper looks at the effects of different forms of wholesale and retail regulation on retail
competition in fixed network telephony markets. We explicitly model two asymmetries
between the incumbent operator and the entrant: (i) While the incumbent has zero marginal
costs, the entrant has the wholesale access charge as (positive) marginal costs; (ii) While the
incumbent is setting a two-part tariff at the retail level (fixed fee and calls price), the entrant
can only set a linear price for calls. Competition from other infrastructures such as mobile
telephony or cable is modelled as an ‘outside opportunity’ for consumers. We find that a
horizontally differentiated entrant with market power may be subject to a margin squeeze due
to double marginalization but will never be completely foreclosed. Entrants without market
power might be subject to a margin squeeze if the wholesale access price is set at average
costs and competitive pressure from other infrastructures increases. We argue that a wholesale
price regulation at average costs is not optimal in such a situation and discuss retail minus and
deregulation as potential alternatives.
title: The Relevance of Judicial Procedure for Economic Growth
title: MAGKS - Joint Discussion Paper Series in Economics
Creators: name: Hayo, Bernd
name: Voigt, Stefan
Publisher: name: Philipps-Universität Marburg
Year: 2008
Subjects: rule of law
Economics
Wirtschaft
growth.
investment
legal formalism
Judicial procedure
judicial Independence

description: It has been argued that procedural formalism undermines economic efficiency by
fostering rent-seeking and corruption. We challenge this view by arguing that a
number of judicial procedures foster economic growth by increasing the predictability
of court decisions, which leads to more transactions and higher investment
levels. We investigate the effects on economic growth of 15 judicial procedures.
Employing a standard growth model, we find in a cross-section of 67 countries
that timeliness, written—as opposed to oral—procedures, and the right to counsel
have a positive effect on growth, whereas the number of independent procedural
actions as well as the presumption of innocence have negative effects. Our results
partially contradict the results of former studies based on the Lex Mundi dataset.
title: Auswirkungen der Bevölkerungsentwicklung auf das wirtschaftliche Niveau der Regionen in Deutschland
title: MAGKS - Joint Discussion Paper Series in Economics
Creators: name: Eckey, Hans-Friedrich
name: Kosfeld, Reinhold
name: Muraro, Nina
Publisher: name: Philipps-Universität Marburg
Year: 2009
Subjects: demographic change
Produktivität
regional production function
productivity
demographischer Wandel
spatial distribution
Economics
Wirtschaft
räumliche Verteilung
regionale Produktionsfunktion

description: Gegenstand des Artikels ist die Schätzung einer Translog-Produktionsfunktion, die die Auswirkungen der
Bevölkerungsentwicklung auf die Produktion heute und im Jahr 2020 betrachtet. Die Ergebnisse deuten auf eine
Entwicklung hin, die zu steigenden Disparitäten führt. Schon heute ist ein starkes Stadt-Land-Gefälle zu
beobachten. Der Einbezug der Bevölkerung im Jahr 2020 unterstützt dieses Ergebnis zusätzlich mit dem
Nachweis eines Ost-West-Gefälles zwischen den östlichen eher peripheren und den westlichen verstädterten
Regionen. In den weiteren Betrachtungen wird zusätzlich ein Nord-Süd-Gefälle deutlich. Hier ist in den
süddeutschen Regionen eine höhere Zunahme des Faktors Arbeit als in den übrigen Regionen zu beobachten.
Allgemein profitieren die Städte von Zuwanderung, während die peripheren Regionen mit
Schrumpfungstendenzen konfrontiert sind. Eine Betrachtung aus wirtschaftspolitischer Sicht deckt den
verstärkten Zielkonflikt zwischen Wachstum und Verteilung auf.
title: I am what I am? – Erfahrungen von lesbischen, schwulen, bisexuellen, trans und queeren Jugendlichen in Deutschland
Creators: name: Krell, Claudia
name: Oldemeier, Kerstin
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Coming-out
subject: Diskriminierung
subject: Diversitätssensible Jugendforschung
subject: Gender Studies
subject: Jugendliche
subject: LSBTIQ
subject: LSBTQ-Jugendliche
subject: Queer Studies
subject: ddc:370

description: Der gesellschaftliche Blick auf sexuelle und geschlechtliche Vielfalt hat sich in den letzten Jahrzehnten verändert. Doch nach wie vor sind nicht-heterosexuelle und nicht-cisgeschlechtliche Lebensweisen in Deutschland keine Selbstverständlichkeit. Das zeigt sich z. B. daran, dass in sozialwissenschaftlichen Jugendstudien lesbische, schwule, bisexuelle, trans und queere (LSBTQ-)Lebensweisen weiterhin kaum berücksichtigt werden. Die Folge ist ein Mangel an Erkenntnissen über ihre Lebenssituation. Die Ergebnisse der bundesweiten Studie Coming- out – und dann …?! zeigen, welche Erfahrungen LSBTQ-Jugendliche bei ihrem inneren und äußeren Coming-out in alltäglichen Lebensbereichen wie Familie, Bildungs und Arbeitsorten und dem Freundeskreis machen und welche Diskriminierungserfahrungen sie dort erleben. Außerdem wird deutlich, wie sie mit Herausforderungen und Problemen umgehen, die aufgrund einer heteronormativen Zwei-Geschlechter-Ordnung bestehen. Über 5 000 lesbische, schwule, bisexuelle, trans und queere Jugendliche haben in einer Online-Befragung Auskunft über ihre Erlebnisse gegeben. Außerdem wurden deutschlandweit 40 problemzentrierte Interviews mit LSBTQ-Jugendlichen geführt, in denen sie von ihren Erfahrungen und Umgangsweisen berichtet haben. Der Beitrag gibt einen Überblick über zentrale Ergebnisse der Studie Coming-out – und dann …?!
Multicriteria linear fractional programming
Creators: name: Choo, Eng-Ung
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: The object of this thesis is to study the multi-criteria linear fractional programming problems (MLFP). The characterizations of efficiency, weak efficiency and proper efficiency are derived. In the bicriteria case, the set E of all efficient solutions of (MLFP) is path-connected by a finite number of line segments and the efficient frontier F(E) can be evaluated by using the row parametric technique in linear programming. The weakly efficient (respectively, properly efficient) solutions can be generated by solving the generalized Tchebycheff norm problems (Tβ) (respectively, (βα)) with different parameters β and α. The set E[sup=W] of all weakly efficient solutions of (MLFP) is compact and path-connected by finitely many line segments. A dual problem is formulated which is a natural extension of the usual dual in linear programming, the Wolfe dual in nonlinear programming and the Isermann dual in multiple objective linear programming. Duality results are established under the assumption that the criteria are concave functions. The matrix of the dual variables of (MLFP) can be evaluated by solving L linear programs. A heuristic arrow search algorithm is developed for solving general multicriteria programming problems interactively. The decision maker merely selects his most preferred one amongst-the presented alternatives. Solutions generated are evenly distributed over the desired neighbourhood of the weakly efficient frontier. The algorithm is convergent in the bicriteria case, with appropriate convexity conditions. When applied to solve (MLFP), the arrow search algorithm uses only the linear programming techniques.
Two-particle kinematic distributions from new physics at an electron-positron collider with polarized beams
Creators: name: Ananthanarayan, B.
name: Rindani, Saurabh D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The kinematic distributions in two-particle inclusive processes at an e+e- collider arising from standard-model s-channel exchange of a virtual gamma or Z and the interference of the standard-model contribution with contributions from physics beyond the standard model involving s-channel exchanges are derived entirely in terms of the space-time signature of such new physics. Transverse as well as longitudinal polarizations of the electron and positron beams are taken into account. We show how these model-independent distributions can be used to deduce some general properties of the nature of the interaction. We then specialize to two specific two-particle final states, viz., ZH, where H is one of the Higgs bosons in a model with an extended Higgs sector, and f fbar, where f, fbar are a pair of conjugate charged fermions, wherein distributions of two (of the possibly several) decay products are measured. We show how some of the properties of the distributions have been realized in the analysis of physics beyond the standard model in earlier work which made use of two-particle angular distributions.
description: v2 is now 18 pages long, latex, uses axodraw. Expanded version of v1 corresponding to version accepted for publication by European Physical Journal
title: Trade and Variety in a Model of Endogenous Product Differentiation
title: MAGKS - Joint Discussion Paper Series in Economics
Creators: name: Lorz, Oliver
name: Wrede, Matthias
Publisher: name: Philipps-Universität Marburg
Year: 2009
Subjects: Economics
Wirtschaft
Product differentiation
international trade.
multi-product firms

description: This paper sets up a model of endogenous product differentiation to analyze the variety effects of international trade. In our model multi-product firms decide not only about the number of varieties they supply but also about the degree of horizontal differentiation between these varieties. Firms can raise the degree of differentiation by investing variety-specific fixed costs. In this setting, we analyze how trade integration, i.e. an increase in market size, influences the number of firms in the market, the number of product varieties supplied by each
firm, and the degree of differentiation.
title: The Impact of Foreign Macroeconomic News on Financial Markets in the Czech Republic, Hungary, and Poland
title: MAGKS - Joint Discussion Paper Series in Economics
Creators: name: Büttner, David
name: Hayo, Bernd
name: Neuenkirch, Matthias
Publisher: name: Philipps-Universität Marburg
Year: 2009
Subjects: Economics
Wirtschaft
Poland
Hungary, Macroeconomic News
Czech Republic
European Monetary Union
Financial Markets

description: In this paper, we investigate the effects of euro area and US macroeconomic news on financial
markets in the Czech Republic, Hungary, and Poland (CEEC-3) from 1999 to 2006. Using a
GARCH model, we examine the impact of news on daily returns of three-month interest rates,
stock market indices, exchange rates versus the euro, and the US dollar. First, both US and
European macroeconomic news has a significant impact on CEEC-3 financial markets. Second,
the process of European integration is accompanied by an increasing importance of euro area
news relative to US news. Third, there are country-specific differences: for example, the Czech
stock market is relatively more affected by foreign news since the Copenhagen Summit in
December 2002. In general, our results support the hypothesis of a deepening euro area influence
on the CEEC-3 over time and a corresponding reduction in the relative importance of US shocks.
Exact relativistic beta decay endpoint spectrum
Creators: name: Masood, S. S.
name: Nasri, S.
name: Schechter, J.
name: Tórtola, M. A.
name: Valle, J. W. F.
name: Weinheimer, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The exact relativistic form for the beta decay endpoint spectrum is derived and presented in a simple factorized form. We show that our exact formula can be well approximated to yield the endpoint form used in the fit method of the KATRIN collaboration. We also discuss the three neutrino case and how information from neutrino oscillation experiments may be useful in analyzing future beta decay endpoint experiments.
description: 12 pages, 3 figures
Generalized inversion of the Hochschild coboundary operator and deformation quantization
Creators: name: Bratchikov, A. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Using a derivative decomposition of the Hochschild differential complex we define a generalized inverse of the Hochschild coboundary operator. It can be applied for systematic computations of star products on Poisson manifolds.
description: 9 pages, misprints corrected
title: Clean Evidence on Face-to-Face: Why Experimental Economics is of Interest to Regional Economists
title: MAGKS - Joint Discussion Paper Series in Economics
Creators: name: Frank, Björn
Publisher: name: Philipps-Universität Marburg
Year: 2009
Subjects: death of distance
Economics
Wirtschaft
localized spillovers
face-to-face
Cooperation
trust

description: The notion of face-to-face contacts has recently become very popular in regional economics
and in economic geography. This is the most obvious way to explain why firms still locate in
proximity to others after the "death of distance", i.e., the shrinking costs for transportation,
especially transportation of messages' pure information content. While this is intuitive,
controlled laboratory experiments provide much more direct and reliable evidence on the
importance of face-to-face contacts. They tackle the question what personal contacts are good
for, and in which cases their effects are negligible. To the best of my knowledge, regional
economists and geographers are not aware of this new and developing string of literature; it is
the purpose of this paper to survey and to organize the relevant experimental research with a
special focus on its importance for regional economics. However, the paper might also serve
to alert more experimentalists to the importance of their work for current regional science, of
which they seem not to be aware either.
3D Topological Quantum Computing
Creators: name: Asselmeyer-Maluga, Torsten
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we will present some ideas to use 3D topology for quantum computing extending ideas from a previous paper. Topological quantum computing used \textquotedblleft knotted\textquotedblright{} quantum states of topological phases of matter, called anyons. But anyons are connected with surface topology. But surfaces have (usually) abelian fundamental groups and therefore one needs non-abelian anyons to use it for quantum computing. But usual materials are 3D objects which can admit more complicated topologies. Here, complements of knots do play a prominent role and are in principle the main parts to understand 3-manifold topology. For that purpose, we will construct a quantum system on the complements of a knot in the 3-sphere (see arXiv:2102.04452 for previous work). The whole system is designed as knotted superconductor where every crossing is a Josephson junction and the qubit is realized as flux qubit. We discuss the properties of this systems in particular the fluxion quantization by using the A-polynomial of the knot. Furthermore we showed that 2-qubit operations can be realized by linked (knotted) superconductors again coupled via a Josephson junction.
description: 14 pages, 4 figures, accepted in International J. of Quantum Information (IJQI). arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2102.04452
Analysis of network by generalized mutual entropies
Creators: name: Gudkov, V.
name: Montealegre, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Generalized mutual entropy is defined for networks and applied for analysis of complex network structures. The method is tested for the case of computer simulated scale free networks, random networks, and their mixtures. The possible applications for real network analysis are discussed.
title: The Economic Effects of Federalism and Decentralization – A Cross-Country Assessment
title: MAGKS - Joint Discussion Paper Series in Economics
Creators: name: Voigt, Stefan
name: Blume, Lorenz
Publisher: name: Philipps-Universität Marburg
Year: 2009
Subjects: Economics
Wirtschaft
Fiscal federalism
decentralization
Federalism
Economic Effects of constitutions
constitutional economics.

description: This paper is based on the conjecture that institutional details matter and
that attempts to estimate the economic effects of federalism by drawing on
a simple dummy variable neglect potentially important institutional details.
Based on a principal component analysis, seven aspects of both federalism
and decentralization are used as variables for explaining differences in (1)
fiscal policy, (2) government effectiveness, (3) economic productivity, and
(4) happiness. The results show that institutional details do, indeed,
matter. Different aspects of federalism impact on the outcome variables in
different degrees. This study adds to our knowledge on the transmission
mechanisms of federalism and decentralization.
The development of understanding of social systems
Creators: name: Boutilier, Robert Gordon
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: The child's understanding of open systems, as exemplified by an ecosystem and a socio-economic system, was assessed in a Piagetian type interview with 8 males and 8 females in each of grades 3, 5, 7, 9, 11 and first year post-secondary (n=96). Since Piagetian theory has been based on tasks using mainly inanimate, physical content, the generalizability of Piagetian stages and sequences to the two open systems content domains was tested. Tasks assessing the four concrete operations examined were repeated in each of the physical, the bio-ecological and the societal domains. Typical stage and sequence patterns were observed in all three domains. Post-concrete operations were represented by three formal operations in the physical domain and four systemic operations in each of the open systems domains. Logical and philosophical arguments for the qualitative difference between formal and systemic logic were presented. Three blind judges reached spontaneous agreement on 84.6% of the scores assigned for the systemic task protocols. A scalogram analysis and comparisons of the differences between pass/fail proportions indicated that the systemic operations of systems synthesis and transitive recycling were more difficult than the formal operational tasks by a Guttman step of the same size as that between the formal and concrete stages. A cluster analysis showed those most difficult systemic tasks to be grouped as if they were a part of a separate structure d'ensemble. Further analyses indicated that the greater difficulty of these two systemic operations could not be attributed to the greater un-familiarity of the task contents. Systemic task success rates were zero for respondents below grade 9 (14 years) and consistently fell far below formal task success rates for same aged peers'. The most difficult systemic operations satisfied the criteria for membership in a fifth stage as well as any other Piagetian operations do for their imputed stage membership. Nevertheless, an alternative interpretation construing systemic operations as post-concrete developments parallel and complementary to formal operations could not be ruled out. The implications of the findings for the areas of cognitive development, social development and social psychology were discussed.