cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: Europäisierung kollektiver Erinnerung. Eine qualitative Untersuchung am Beispiel erinnerungskultureller Institutionen in Deutschland und Polen
Creators: name: Weicht, Theresa
Publisher: name: Europa-Universität Viadrina Frankfurt
Year: 2019

description: The present master’s thesis discusses the issue of Europeanization of collective memory both from an empirical and theoretical point of view. Its aim is twofold: On the one hand, it tries to deliver an empirical verification of the question, if and in how far a Europeanization of collective memory can be observed. On the other hand, based on the results of the empirical analysis, it wishes to contribute to the theoretical understanding and conception of this phenomenon. Giv-en the frequent mention of a division of Europe into a Western and Eastern sphere of collective remembrance regarding National Socialism and the period of Soviet hegemony, the analysis will be conducted on case studies both from Germany and Poland dealing with one of those topics. These case studies are the Buchenwald Memorial and the Memorial Museum in der “Runden Ecke” in Germany as well as the Auschwitz-Birkenau Memorial and Museum and the European Solidarity Centre in Poland. In the scope of this paper, Europeanization of collective memory is understood as an increase in transnational interdependences and references between collective memories. In practice, this process will be analysed regarding a Europeanization or European momentum of the stakeholders involved, the funding, the objective and self-image as well as the historical narrative of the above-mentioned institutions. As a result of the analysis, tendencies of Europeanization can be shown with regard to all four aspects. Therefore, the author of this pa-per proposes to discuss the process of Europeanization henceforth not only in terms of historical narratives, as has been done so far, but also in terms of the collectives behind that narrative.
description: MES-Perspektiven, 2/2019
Surface density-of-states on semi-infinite topological photonic and acoustic crystals
Creators: name: Sha, Yi-Xin
name: Liu, Bo-Yuan
name: Gao, Hao-Zhe
name: Cheng, Heng-Bin
name: Zhang, Hai-Li
name: Xia, Ming-Yao
name: Johnson, Steven G.
name: Lu, Ling
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Iterative Green's function, based on cyclic reduction of block tridiagonal matrices, has been the ideal algorithm, through tight-binding models, to compute the surface density-of-states of semi-infinite topological electronic materials. In this paper, we apply this method to photonic and acoustic crystals, using finite-element discretizations and a generalized eigenvalue formulation, to calculate the local density-of-states on a single surface of semi-infinite lattices. The three-dimensional (3D) examples of gapless helicoidal surface states in Weyl and Dirac crystals are shown and the computational cost, convergence and accuracy are analyzed.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures
Additional file 3: of Genome-wide analysis of cotton GH3 subfamily II reveals functional divergence in fiber development, hormone response and plant architecture
Creators: name: Yu, Daoqian
name: Qanmber, Ghulam
name: Lu, Lili
name: Wang, Lingling
name: Li, Jie
name: Yang, Zhaoen
name: Liu, Zhao
name: Li, Yi
name: Chen, Quanjia
name: Mendu, Venugopal
name: Li, Fuguang
name: Yang, Zuoren
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Virology

description: Table S2. Characteristics of subfamily II GH3s in G. arboreum and G.raimondii. Detailed characteristics of GH3s in two diploid cottons are shown. Locus_ID and sequence of GrGH3.5 in G. raimondii (BGI, v1.0) was replaced by that of its analogue in G. raimondii (JGI, v2.0) due to the abnormal length possibly caused by improper genomic assembly. (DOCX 24â kb)
Dipolar Bose gases: Many-body versus mean-field description
Creators: name: Bortolotti, D. C. E.
name: Ronen, S.
name: Bohn, J. L.
name: Blume, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We characterize zero-temperature dipolar Bose gases under external spherical confinement as a function of the dipole strength using the essentially exact many-body diffusion Monte Carlo (DMC) technique. We show that the DMC energies are reproduced accurately within a mean-field framework if the variation of the s-wave scattering length with the dipole strength is accounted for properly. Our calculations suggest stability diagrams and collapse mechanisms of dipolar Bose gases that differ significantly from those previously proposed in the literature.
Fermion masses and mixings in a renormalizable SO(10) x Z_2 GUT
Creators: name: Grimus, Walter
name: Kuhbock, Helmut
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate a scenario in a supersymmetric SO(10) Grand Unified Theory in which the fermion mass matrices are generated by renormalizable Yukawa couplings of the $\mathbf{10} \oplus \mathbf{120} \oplus \bar{\mathbf{126}}$ representation of scalars. We reduce the number of parameters by assuming spontaneous CP violation and a $\mathbbm{Z}_2$ family symmetry, leading to nine real Yukawa coupling constants for three families. Since in the ``minimal SUSY SO(10) GUT'' an intermediate seesaw scale is ruled out and our scenario lives in the natural extension of this theory by the $\mathbf{120}$, we identify the vacuum expectation value (VEV) $w_R$ of $(\mathbf{10}, \mathbf{1}, \mathbf{3}) \in \bar{\mathbf{126}}$ with the GUT scale of $2 \times 10^{16}$ GeV. In order to obtain sufficiently large neutrino masses, the coupling matrix of the scalar $\bar{\mathbf{126}}$ is necessarily small and we neglect type II seesaw contributions to the light-neutrino mass matrix. We perform a numerical analysis of this 21-parameter scenario and find an excellent fit to experimentally known fermion masses and mixings. We discuss the properties of our numerical solution, including a consistency check for the VEVs of the Higgs-doublet components in the SO(10) scalar multiplets.
description: 13 pages, 1 figure; material, clarifications and references added, final version for Phys. Lett. B
Particle Acceleration by Electromagnetic-Dominated Outflows
Creators: name: Liang, Edison
name: Noguchi, Koichi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We review recent developments in particle acceleration by Poynting flux using plasma kinetic simulations, and discuss their potential applications to gamma-ray burst phenomenology
description: 12 pages, 15 figures
Παραγόμενες Κατηγορίες από Quasi-Coherent Sheaves
Creators: name: Κουτσοπάγος, Αθανάσιος Ελευθερίου
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2020
Subjects: Παραγόμενες Κατηγορίες
Σχήματα
Τριγωνισμένες Κατηγορίες
Derived Categories
Schemes
Triangulated Categories

description: Στη διατριβή αυτή μελετήσαμε παραγόμενες κατηγορίες από quasi-coherent sheaves υπέρανω σχημάτων. Ασχοληθήκαμε με sheaves από πρότυπα που ορίζονται σε τυχαίο χώρο δακτυλίων. Στη συνέχεια, μελετήσαμε τριγωνισμένες κατηγορίες και αποδείξαμε ότι η ομοτοπική κατηγορία καθώς και η παραγόμενη κατηγορία μιας αβελιανής κατηγορίας είναι τριγωνισμένες. Ακόμη, αναλύσαμε την έννοια των ομοτοπικών ορίων και συνορίων καθώς και τα Κ-ενέσιμα σύμπλοκα που με βάση αυτά ορίζονται οι δεξιοί παραγόμενοι συναρτητές σε μια Grothendieck αβελιανή κατηγορία. Αποδείξαμε ότι για ένα quasi-compact, semi-separated σχήμα, η παραγόμενη κατηγορία των quasi-coherent sheaves είναι ισοδύναμη με την υποκατηγορία της παραγόμενης κατηγορίας των sheaves με quasi-coherent συνομολογία. Τέλος, αποδείξαμε ότι η παραγόμενη κατηγορία των quasi-coherent sheaves είναι συμπαγώς παραγόμενη για ένα quasi-compact, separated σχήμα.
description: In this thesis, we studied derived categories of quasi-coherent sheaves over schemes. We examined the sheaves of modules that are defined on an arbitrary ringed space. Then, we studied triangulated categories and we proved that the homotopy category as well as the derived category of an abelian category are triangulated. Furthermore, we analyzed the notion of homotopy limits and colimits as well as the K-injective complexes based on which the derived functors on a Grothendieck abelian category are defined. We proved that for a quasi-compact, semi-separated scheme, the derived category of quasi-coherent sheaves is equivalent with the subcategory of the derived category of sheaves with quasi-coherent cohomology. Finally, we proved that the derived category of quasi-coherent sheaves is compactly generated for a quasi-compact, separated scheme.
Dynamical evolution of active detached binaries on log Jo - log M diagram and contact binary formation
Creators: name: Eker, Z.
name: Demircan, O.
name: Bilir, S.
name: Karatas, Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Orbital angular momentum (Jo), systemic mass (M) and orbital period (P) distributions of chromospherically active binaries (CAB) and W Ursae Majoris (W UMa) systems were investigated. The diagrams of log Jo - log P, log M - log P and log Jo-log M were formed from 119 CAB and 102 W UMa stars. The log Jo-log M diagram is found to be most meaningful in demonstrating dynamical evolution of binary star orbits. A slightly curved borderline (contact border) separating the detached and the contact systems was discovered on the log Jo - log M diagram. Since orbital size (a) and period (P) of binaries are determined by their current Jo, M and mass ratio q, the rates of orbital angular momentum loss (dlog Jo/dt) and mass loss (dlog M/dt) are primary parameters to determine the direction and the speed of the dynamical evolution. A detached system becomes a contact system if its own dynamical evolution enables it to pass the contact border on the log Jo - log M diagram. Evolution of q for a mass loosing detached system is unknown unless mass loss rate for each component is known. Assuming q is constant in the first approximation and using the mean decreasing rates of Jo and M from the kinematical ages of CAB stars, it has been predicted that 11, 23 and 39 cent of current CAB stars would transform to W UMa systems if their nuclear evolution permits them to live 2, 4 and 6 Gyrs respectively.
description: 28 pages, including 6 figures and 2 tables, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Μελέτη και προσομοίωση αμφίδρομης κίνησης σε LoRaWan Δίκτυα
Creators: name: Κρεμέτης, Διονύσιος Δήμου
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2020
Subjects: Διαδίκτυο των αντικειμένων
LoRaWan
Αμφίδρομη κίνηση
Internet of things
Bi-direction traffic

description: Τα τελευταία χρόνια, όλο και περισσότερες συσκευές συνδέονται στο διαδίκτυο με σκοπό να παρακολουθούν το περιβάλλον με διάφορους αισθητήρες. Οι αισθητήρες συλλέγουν δεδομένα του περιβάλλοντος και τα στέλνουν ενημερώνοντας τις εφαρμογές οι οποίες με τη σειρά τους επεξεργάζονται την πληροφορία ώστε να είναι χρήσιμη για τον άνθρωπο. Η διαδικασία που μόλις περιγράψαμε είναι γνωστή σε εμάς ως διαδίκτυο των αντικειμένων ή Internet of Things (IoT). To Internet of Things συμβάλλει στη βελτίωση της ζωής των ανθρώπων ή στην οικονομική βελτίωση των επιχειρήσεων. Λόγω του πολύ μεγάλου αριθμού αισθητήρων και συσκευών που χρειάζεται να είναι συνδεμένες στο δίκτυο, έχουν αναπτυχθεί τα τελευταία χρόνια αρκετές τεχνολογίες που βοηθούν στην εύκολη εγκατάσταση, σύνδεση και επικοινωνία αυτών των συσκευών. Χρειάζονται δίκτυα τα οποία μπορούν να υποστηρίξουν μεγάλο αριθμό συσκευών, όχι μεγάλο όγκο δεδομένων, να είναι γρήγορα και να μην καταναλώνουν πολύ ενέργεια, γιατί στις περισσότερες περιπτώσεις οι αισθητήρες λειτουργούν με μπαταρία. Μία από αυτές τις τεχνολογίες είναι και τα LPWAN δίκτυα και συγκεκριμένα το LoRa. To LoRa είναι ένα ασύρματο δίκτυο ευρείας περιοχής, χαμηλής ισχύος και χαμηλής ταχύτητα δεδομένων το οποίο βοηθάει στη λύση του παραπάνω προβλήματος. Στην εργασία αυτή θα δούμε αναλυτικά το φυσικό επίπεδο των LoRa δικτύων καθώς και το επίπεδο πρόσβασης στο μέσο, το οποίο είναι το LoRaWan. Για τις ανάγκες της μελέτης δημιουργήθηκε ένας προσομοιωτής για αμφίδρομη κίνηση πακέτων στο δίκτυο και μελετήθηκε η απόδοση του δικτύου αυτού.
description: Lately more and more devices are connected to the internet in order to watch the environment with the help of various sensors. These sensors collect data from the environment and send them to update applications, which finally process the information in order to make it valuable for people. The process we just described is known to us, as the Internet of Things (IoT). Internet of things contributes to the improvement of people’s lives or to the financial benefit of companies. Due to the improving number of the sensors and devices that needs to be connected to the internet, the last years a lot of technologies have been developed in order to help ease the installation, connection and communication of those devices. We need networks that can support a large number of devices, low data rates, fast and low energy consumption, because, in most cases those sensors operate on battery. One of those technologies is the LPWAN networks and specifically LoRa networks. LoRa is a wireless wide area network with low consumption and low data rates that helps in the solution of the above problem. In this paper we will analyze the physical layer of LoRa as well as the medium access control mechanism. A simulator has been developed for the need of this paper, for the bidirectional traffic in LoRaWan nodes and the performance of such network was studied.
Swift and Chandra confirm the intensity-hardness correlation of the AXP 1RXS J170849.0-400910
Creators: name: Campana, S.
name: Rea, N.
name: Israel, G. L.
name: Turolla, R.
name: Zane, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Convincing evidence for long-term variations in the emission properties of the anomalous X-ray pulsar 1RXS J170849.0-400910 has been gathered in the last few years. In particular, and following the pulsar glitches of 1999 and 2001, XMM-Newton witnessed in 2003 a decline of the X-ray flux accompanied by a definite spectral softening. This suggested the existence of a correlation between the luminosity and the spectral hardness in this source, similar to that seen in the soft gamma-repeater SGR 1806-20. Here we report on new Chandra and Swift observations of 1RXS J170849.0-400910 performed in 2004 and 2005, respectively. These observations confirm and strengthen the proposed correlation. The trend appears to have now reversed: the flux increased and the spectrum is now harder. The consequences of these observations for the twisted magnetosphere scenario for anomalous X-ray pulsars are briefly discussed.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures, accepted for publication on A&A
Cavity-induced exciton localisation and polariton blockade in two-dimensional semiconductors coupled to an electromagnetic resonator
Creators: name: Denning, E. V.
name: Wubs, M.
name: Stenger, N.
name: Mork, J.
name: Kristensen, P. T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent experiments have demonstrated strong light-matter coupling between electromagnetic nanoresonators and pristine sheets of two-dimensional semiconductors, and it has been speculated whether these systems can enter the quantum regime operating at the few-polariton level. To address this question, we present a first-principles microscopic quantum theory for the interaction between excitons in an infinite sheet of two-dimensional material and a localised electromagnetic resonator. We find that the light-matter interaction breaks the symmetry of the otherwise translation-invariant system and thereby effectively generates a localised exciton mode, which is coupled to an environment of residual exciton modes. This dissipative coupling increases with tighter lateral confinement, and our analysis reveals this to be a potential challenge in realising nonlinear exciton-exciton interaction. Nonetheless, we predict that polariton blockade due to nonlinear exciton-exciton interactions is well within reach for nanoresonators coupled to transition-metal dichalcogenides, provided that the lateral resonator mode confinement can be sufficiently small that the nonlinearity overcomes the polariton dephasing caused by phonon interactions.
Νευρωνικές μέθοδοι κατασκευής πολυμέσων και μείωσης διάστασης μεγάλων δεδομένων (Big Data).
Creators: name: Βούλγαρης, Γεώργιος Σπύρου
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2020
Subjects: Αντιπαλικά Δίκτυα
Ελάττωση Διάστασης
Πολυμεσικά Δεδομένα
GAN
MDS (Multidimensional Scaling) Big Data
Deep Fakes

description: Σε αυτή τη διατριβή, μελετήσαμε εφαρμογές νευρωνικών δικτύων στην κατασκευή δεδομένων πολυμέσων, όπως φωτογραφιών και βίντεο, καθώς και μεθόδους που επιτρέπουν σε αυτά τα δίκτυα να επιλύσουν προβλήματα τεράστιας υπολογιστικής πολυπλοκότητας, όπως αυτά της μείωσης της διάστασης ενός μεγάλου όγκου σύνθετων δεδομένων (μεγάλα δεδομένα). Το πρώτο κεφάλαιο παρουσιάζει τα αντιπαλικά δίκτυα (GANs), μια κατηγορία βαθιών νευρικών δικτύων που τα τελευταία χρόνια έχει φέρει επανάσταση στην κατασκευή απίστευτα ρεαλιστικών δεδομένων πολυμέσων (Deep Fakes), ο ρεαλισμός τους είναι τόσο υψηλός που οι εφαρμογές τους δημιουργούν άγχος και αντιπαραθέσεις στην επιστημονική κοινότητα. Στο δεύτερο κεφάλαιο, παρουσιάζουμε μια καινοτόμο μέθοδο που εκπαιδεύει ένα GAN για να παράγει μια ποικιλία δορυφορικών εικόνων υψηλής ποιότητας, χρησιμοποιώντας μια τυχαία εικόνα ως είσοδο. Δείχνουμε ότι είναι μια λύση στο πρόβλημα της αυτόματης δημιουργίας εδάφους για παιχνίδια στον υπολογιστή ή άλλα περιβάλλοντα προσομοίωσης. Στο τρίτο κεφάλαιο, παρουσιάζουμε την MDS (πολυδιάστατη κλιμάκωση) μιά δημοφιλή μέθοδο μείωσης διάστασης πολύπλοκων δεδομένων και δίνουμε μια καινοτόμο λύση, που βασίζεται σε νευρωνικά δίκτυα, στην τεράστια υπολογιστικά δαπανηρή εργασία της εφαρμογής της MDS σε μεγάλους όγκους πολύπλοκων δεδομένων (Big Data).
description: In this dissertation, we have studied applications of neural networks in the construction of multimedia data, such as photo and video, as well as methods that allow these networks to solve problems of enormous computational complexity such as those of reducing the dimension of a large volume of complex data (big data). The first chapter presents the Generative adversarial networks (GANs), a category of deep neural networks that in recent years has revolutionized the manufacture of incredibly realistic multimedia data (Deep Fakes), their realism is so high that their applications create anxiety and controversy in the scientific community. In the second chapter, we present an innovative method that trains a GAN to produce a diversity of high-quality satellite images, using a random image as input. We show that it is a solution to the problem of automatic terrain creation for computer games or other simulation environments. In the third chapter, we present MDS (multidimensional scaling) a popular data dimensionality reduction method and give a novel neural network-based solution to the enormous computationally expensive task of applying MDS to large volumes of complex data (big data).
Forces from highly focused laser beams: modeling, measurement and application to refractive index measurements
Creators: name: Knoener, G.
name: Parkin, S.
name: Nieminen, T. A.
name: Heckenberg, N. R.
name: Rubinsztein-Dunlop, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The optical forces in optical tweezers can be robustly modeled over a broad range of parameters using generalsed Lorenz-Mie theory. We describe the procedure, and show how the combination of experimental measurement of properties of the trap coupled with computational modeling, can allow unknown parameters of the particle - in this case, the refractive index - to be determined.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures, presented at 17th AIP Congress, Brisbane, 2006
Wavefront singularities associated with the conical point in elastic solids with cubic symmetry
Creators: name: Norris, Andrew N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The wavefronts from a point source in a solid with cubic symmetry are examined with particular attention paid to the contribution from the conical points of the slowness surface. An asymptotic solution is developed that is uniform across the edge of the cone in real space, the interior of which contains the plane lid wavefront analyzed by Burridge \cite{Burridge67}. The uniform solution also contains the regular wavefronts away from the cone edge, a delta pulse on one side and its Hilbert transform on the other. In the direction of the cone edge the three wavefronts merge to produce a singularity of the form $H(t) t^{-3/4}$.
description: 21 pages, 5 figures
Additional file 7: of Genetic basis of heterosis for yield and yield components explored by QTL mapping across four genetic populations in upland cotton
Creators: name: Li, Cong
name: Zhao, Tianlun
name: Yu, Hurong
name: Li, Cheng
name: Deng, Xiaolei
name: Dong, Yating
name: Zhang, Fan
name: Zhang, Yi
name: Mei, Lei
name: Chen, Jinhong
name: Zhu, Shuijin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Plant Biology
subject: Virology

description: Table S6. Main effects and environmental interactions detected for yield and yield components in RIL, IF2 and two BCF1 datasets using the ICIM method. (PDF 404 kb)
Parallel Model Exploration for Tumor Treatment Simulations
Creators: name: Akasiadis, Charilaos
name: Ponce-de-Leon, Miguel
name: Montagud, Arnau
name: Michelioudakis, Evangelos
name: Atsidakou, Alexia
name: Alevizos, Elias
name: Artikis, Alexander
name: Valencia, Alfonso
name: Paliouras, Georgios
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: Tissues and Organs (q-bio.TO)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Computational systems and methods are often being used in biological research, including the understanding of cancer and the development of treatments. Simulations of tumor growth and its response to different drugs are of particular importance, but also challenging complexity. The main challenges are first to calibrate the simulators so as to reproduce real-world cases, and second, to search for specific values of the parameter space concerning effective drug treatments. In this work, we combine a multi-scale simulator for tumor cell growth and a Genetic Algorithm (GA) as a heuristic search method for finding good parameter configurations in reasonable time. The two modules are integrated into a single workflow that can be executed in parallel on high performance computing infrastructures. In effect, the GA is used to calibrate the simulator, and then to explore different drug delivery schemes. Among these schemes, we aim to find those that minimize tumor cell size and the probability of emergence of drug resistant cells in the future. Experimental results illustrate the effectiveness and computational efficiency of the approach.
description: 19 pages, 10 figures
A RIAF Interpretation for the Past Higher Activity of the Galactic Center Black Hole and the 511 keV Annihilation Emission
Creators: name: Totani, Tomonori
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: There are several lines of evidence that the super-massive black hole at the Galactic center had higher activities in the past than directly observed at present. Here I show that these lines of evidence can quantitatively and consistently be explained if the mean accretion rate during the past ~10^7 yrs has been ~10^{3-4} times higher than the current rate, by the picture of radiatively inefficient accretion flow (RIAF) and associated outflow that has been successfully applied to Sgr A*. I argue that this increased rate and its duration are theoretically reasonable in the Galactic center environment, while the accretion rate suddenly dropped about 300 years ago most likely because of the shell passage of the supernova remnant Sgr A East. The chance probability of witnessing Sgr A* in such a low state is not extremely small (~0.5%). The outflow energetics is sufficient to keep the hot (~8 keV) diffuse gas observed in the Galactic center region. Then, I show that a significant amount of positrons should have been created around the event horizon during the higher activity phase, and injected into interstellar medium by the outflow. The predicted positron production rate and propagation distance are close to those required to explain the observed 511 keV annihilation line emission from the Galactic bulge, giving a natural explanation for the large bulge-to-disk ratio of the emission. The expected injection energy into interstellar medium is about 1 MeV, which is also favorable as an explanation of the 511 keV line emission.
description: 11 pages including 1 figure. Accepted to PASJ after minor revisions. A discussion on the chance probability of witnessing Sgr A* in the current low state is newly added
Zero modes of tight binding electrons on the honeycomb lattice
Creators: name: Hasegawa, Yasumasa
name: Konno, Rikio
name: Nakano, Hiroki
name: Kohmoto, Mahito
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Tight binding electrons on the honeycomb lattice are studied where nearest neighbor hoppings in the three directions are $t_a,t_b$ and $t_c$, respectively. For the isotropic case, namely for $t_a=t_b=t_c$, two zero modes exist where the energy dispersions at the vanishing points are linear in momentum $k$. Positions of zero modes move in the momentum space as $t_a,t_b$ and $t_c$ are varied. It is shown that zero modes exist if $||\frac{t_b}{t_a}| -1| \leq |\frac{t_c}{t_a}| \leq ||\frac{t_b}{t_a}|+1|$. The density of states near a zero mode is proportional to $|E|$ but it is propotional to $\sqrt{|E|}$ at the boundary of this condition.
description: 4 pages, 6 figures
Observation of strong and weak thermalization in a superconducting quantum processor
Creators: name: Chen, Fusheng
name: Sun, Zheng-Hang
name: Gong, Ming
name: Zhu, Qingling
name: Zhang, Yu-Ran
name: Wu, Yulin
name: Ye, Yangsen
name: Zha, Chen
name: Li, Shaowei
name: Guo, Shaojun
name: Qian, Haoran
name: Huang, He-Liang
name: Yu, Jiale
name: Deng, Hui
name: Rong, Hao
name: Lin, Jin
name: Xu, Yu
name: Sun, Lihua
name: Guo, Cheng
name: Li, Na
name: Liang, Futian
name: Peng, Cheng-Zhi
name: Fan, Heng
name: Zhu, Xiaobo
name: Pan, Jian-Wei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We experimentally study the ergodic dynamics of a 1D array of 12 superconducting qubits with a transverse field, and identify the regimes of strong and weak thermalization with different initial states. We observe convergence of the local observable to its thermal expectation value in the strong-thermalizaion regime. For weak thermalization, the dynamics of local observable exhibits an oscillation around the thermal value, which can only be attained by the time average. We also demonstrate that the entanglement entropy and concurrence can characterize the regimes of strong and weak thermalization. Our work provides an essential step towards a generic understanding of thermalization in quantum systems.
description: 6+6 pages, 4+8 figures
Moiré induced topology and flat bands in twisted bilayer WSe$_2$: A first-principles study
Creators: name: Kundu, Sudipta
name: Naik, Mit H.
name: Krishnamurthy, H. R.
name: Jain, Manish
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the influence of strong spin-orbit interaction on the formation of flat bands in relaxed twisted bilayer WSe$_2$. Flat bands, well separated in energy, emerge at the band edges for twist angles ($θ$) near 0$^{\circ}$ and 60$^{\circ}$. For $θ$ near 0$^{\circ}$, the interlayer hybridization together with a moiré potential determines the electronic structure. The bands near the valence band edge have nontrivial topology, with Chern numbers equal to +1 or $-$1. We propose that the nontrivial topology of the first band can be probed experimentally for twist angles less than a critical angle of 3.5$^{\circ}$. For $θ$ near 60$^{\circ}$, the flattening of the bands arising from the K point of the unit cell Brillouin zone is a result of atomic rearrangements in the individual layers. Our findings on the flat bands and the localization of their wavefunctions for both ranges of $θ$ match well with recent experimental observations.
Dissipative Quantum Hall Effect in Graphene near the Dirac Point
Creators: name: Abanin, Dmitry A.
name: Novoselov, Kostya S.
name: Zeitler, Uli
name: Lee, Patrick A.
name: Geim, Andre K.
name: Levitov, Leonid S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on the unusual nature of nu=0 state in the integer quantum Hall effect (QHE) in graphene and show that electron transport in this regime is dominated by counter-propagating edge states. Such states, intrinsic to massless Dirac quasiparticles, manifest themselves in a large longitudinal resistivity rho_xx > h/e^2, in striking contrast to rho_xx behavior in the standard QHE. The nu=0 state in graphene is also predicted to exhibit pronounced fluctuations in rho_xy and rho_xx and a smeared zero Hall plateau in sigma_xy, in agreement with experiment. The existence of gapless edge states puts stringent constraints on possible theoretical models of the nu=0 state.
description: 4 pgs, 4 fgs
Nonperiodic echoes from mushroom billiard hats
Creators: name: Dietz, B.
name: Friedrich, T.
name: Miski-Oglu, M.
name: Richter, A.
name: Seligman, T. H.
name: Zapfe, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Mushroom billiards have the remarkable property to show one or more clear cut integrable islands in one or several chaotic seas, without any fractal boundaries. The islands correspond to orbits confined to the hats of the mushrooms, which they share with the chaotic orbits. It is thus interesting to ask how long a chaotic orbit will remain in the hat before returning to the stem. This question is equivalent to the inquiry about delay times for scattering from the hat of the mushroom into an opening where the stem should be. For fixed angular momentum we find that no more than three different delay times are possible. This induces striking nonperiodic structures in the delay times that may be of importance for mesoscopic devices and should be accessible to microwave experiments.
description: Submitted to Phys. Rev. E without the appendix
Detection of $^7$Be II in the Classical Nova V5669 Sgr (Nova Sagittarii 2015 No.3)
Creators: name: Arai, Akira
name: Tajitsu, Akito
name: Kawakita, Hideyo
name: Shinnaka, Yoshiharu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the new detection of $^7$Be II in the ultraviolet spectra of V5669 Sgr during its early decline phase ($+24$ and $+28$ d). We identified three blue-shifted absorption systems in our spectra. The first two, referred to as low- and high-velocity components, were noticeably identified among H I Balmer, Na I D, and Fe II whose lower energies of transients are low ($<4$ eV). The third absorption component was identified among N II, He I, and C II lines whose lower energy levels are relatively high (9--21 eV). The absorption lines of $^7$Be II at $3130.583$ Å, and $3132.228$ Å were identified as the first and second components in our observations. No evidence suggested the existence of Li I at 6708 Å in any velocity components. The estimated number density ratio of lithium relative to hydrogen, which was finally produced by this object using the equivalent widths of $^7$Be and Ca II K, $N({\rm ^{7}Li})/N({\rm H})_{\rm final}$ is $4.0\pm0.7\times10^{-6}$. This value is an order of magnitude lower than the average observed values for classical novae wherein $^7$Be has been detected, and is comparable to the most optimistic value of theoretical predictions.
description: 21 pages, 7 figures, accepted by ApJ
The Ages of Elliptical Galaxies from Infrared Spectral Energy Distributions
Creators: name: Bregman, Joel N.
name: Temi, Pasquale
name: Bregman, Jesse D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The mean ages of early-type galaxies obtained from the analysis of optical spectra, give a mean age of 8 Gyr at z = 0, with 40% being younger than 6 Gyr. Independent age determinations are possible by using infrared spectra (5-21 microns), which we have obtained with the Infrared Spectrograph on the Spitzer Observatory. This age indicator is based on the collective mass loss rate of stars, where mass loss from AGB stars produces a silicate emission feature at 9-12 microns. This feature decreases more rapidly than the shorter wavelength continuum as a stellar population ages, providing an age indicator. From observations of 30 nearby early-type galaxies, 29 show a spectral energy distribution dominated by stars and one has significant emission from the ISM and is excluded. The infrared age indicators for the 29 galaxies show them all to be old, with a mean age of about 10 Gyr and a standard deviation of only a few Gyr. This is consistent with the ages inferred from the values of M/L_B, but is inconsistent with the ages derived from the optical line indices, which can be much younger. All of these age indicators are luminosity-weighted and should be correlated, even if multiple-age components are considered. The inconsistency indicates that there is a significant problem with either the infrared and the M/L_B ages, which agree, or with the ages inferred from the optical absorption lines.
description: Accepted for publication in ApJ
$D\bar{D}^*$ scattering and $χ_{c1}(3872)$ in nuclear matter
Creators: name: Albaladejo, M.
name: Nieves, J. M.
name: Tolos, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the behaviour of the $χ_{c1}(3872)$, also known as $X(3872)$, in dense nuclear matter. We begin from a picture in vacuum of the $X(3872)$ as a purely molecular $(D \bar D^*-c.c.)$ state, generated as a bound state from a heavy-quark symmetry leading-order interaction between the charmed mesons, and analyze the $D \bar D^*$ scattering $T-$matrix ($T_{D \bar D^*}$) inside of the medium. Next, we consider also mixed-molecular scenarios and, in all cases, we determine the corresponding $X(3872)$ spectral function and the $D \bar D^*$ amplitude, with the mesons embedded in the dense environment. We find important nuclear corrections for $T_{D \bar D^*}$ and the pole position of the resonance, and discuss the dependence of these results on the $D \bar D^*$ molecular component in the $X(3872)$ wave-function. These predictions could be tested in the finite-density regime that can be accessed in the future CBM and PANDA experiments at FAIR.
Synchrotron superbubble in the galaxy IC10: the ionized gas structure, kinematics, and emission spectrum
Creators: name: Lozinskaya, T. A.
name: Moiseev, A. V.
name: Podorvanyuk, N. Yu.
name: Burenkov, A. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have investigated the structure, kinematics, and emission spectrum of the ionized gas in the synchrotron superbubble in the irregular galaxy IC 10 based on observations with the 6-m Special Astrophysical Observatory telescope with the SCORPIO focal reducer in three modes: direct imaging in the [SII](6717+6731)A lines, long-slit spectroscopy, and spectroscopy with a scanning Fabry--Perot interferometer. We have identified a bright (in the [SII] lines) filamentary optical shell and determined its expansion velocity, mass, and kinetic energy. The nature of the object is discussed.
description: 12 pages, 9 EPS figures
Additional file 2 of PA1 participates in the maintenance of blood–testis barrier integrity via cooperation with JUN in the Sertoli cells of mice
Creators: name: Liu, Bo
name: Liu, Chao
name: Ma, Binfang
name: Zhang, Ruidan
name: Zhao, Zhiwei
name: Xiao, Sai
name: Cao, Wanjun
name: Ma, Yanjie
name: Zhu, Guozhang
name: Li, Wei
name: Li, Zhen
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 2. The detailed supplementary methods and materials mentioned in the article.
Zhang Xiguo’s writing world
Creators: name: Zhu, Li
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2008

description: In the beginning of my thesis, I give a brief introduction to Zhang Xiguo's life and his writing and a brief summary of Zhang Xiguo's humanistic concern: he writes for people. Chapter One discusses that Zhang Xiguo has focused his writing on the physical and spiritual exile of Chinese people. He thinks that Chinese people are in a stage of change. When they cannot find their spiritual home, they become wanderers. In different situations Chinese people are suffering a similar sense of losing their identity. The image of the wanderers is related to Zhang Xiguo's other major themes, such as the issue of money and the relationships between men and women. Chapter Two discusses the issue of money. Taiwan's economic situation has changed dramatically in the past forty years. In Zhang Xiguo's writing, both intellectuals and common people have to face the issue of money. Chapter Three discusses peoples' compromise and action in the face of invisible power. People seek different ways to fulfil their life goals. Some of them compromise with reality; others try to achieve their purpose by manipulating others. And still others realize that the meaning of life is in action not only in achievement. Those people who have no power to act against reality and do not want to compromise become bystanders. Chapter Four discusses the patterns of male/female relationship in Zhang Xiguo's writing. The relationship between man and woman is unstable. The conquerors, men finally are conquered by their subjects, women. Men and women have to seek a new type of relationship. Chapter Five discusses Zhang Xiguo's writing skills.
Photon-axion conversion in intergalactic magnetic fields and cosmological consequences
Creators: name: Mirizzi, A.
name: Raffelt, G. G.
name: Serpico, P. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Photon-axion conversion induced by intergalactic magnetic fields causes an apparent dimming of distant sources, notably of cosmic standard candles such as supernovae of type Ia (SNe Ia). We review the impact of this mechanism on the luminosity-redshift relation of SNe Ia, on the dispersion of quasar spectra, and on the spectrum of the cosmic microwave background. The original idea of explaining the apparent dimming of distant SNe Ia without cosmic acceleration is strongly constrained by these arguments. However, the cosmic equation of state extracted from the SN Ia luminosity-redshift relation remains sensitive to this mechanism. For example, it can mimic phantom energy.
description: (14 pages, 9 eps figures) Contribution to appear in a volume of Lecture Notes in Physics (Springer-Verlag) on Axions
Broad-band spectral changes of the microquasars Cygnus X-1 and SWIFT J1753.5-0127
Creators: name: Bel, Marion Cadolle
name: Ribo, Marc
name: Rodriguez, Jerome
name: Chaty, Sylvain
name: Corbel, Stephane
name: Goldwurm, Andrea
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report high-energy results obtained with INTEGRAL and Rossi-XTE on two microquasars: the persistent high-mass system Cygnus X-1 and the transient low-mass binary SWIFT J1753.5-0127. INTEGRAL observed Cygnus X-1 from 2002 to 2004: the spectral (5-1000 keV) properties of the source, seen at least in three distinct spectral states, show disc and corona changes. In 2003 June, a high-energy tail at several hundred keV in excess of the thermal Comptonization model was observed, suggesting the presence of an additional non-thermal component. At that time, we detected an unusual correlation between radio data and high-energy hardness. We also report and compare the results obtained with simultaneous observations of the transient source SWIFT J1753.5-0127 performed with Rossi-XTE, INTEGRAL, VLA, REM and NTT on 2005 August 10-12 near its hard X-ray outburst. Broad-band spectra and fast time-variability properties are derived on this source (probably located in the galactic halo) together with radio, IR and optical data. We build a spectral energy distribution of the source and derive interesting multiwavelength constraints. Significantly detected up to 600 keV in a typical Low/Hard State, the transient does not seem to follow the usual radio/X-ray correlation.
description: 5 figures, 2 in color
Black hole and holographic dark energy
Creators: name: Myung, Yun Soo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the connection between black hole and holographic dark energy. We examine the issue of the equation of state (EOS) for holographic energy density as a candidate for the dark energy carefully. This is closely related to the EOS for black hole, because the holographic dark energy comes from the black hole energy density. In order to derive the EOS of a black hole, we may use its dual (quantum) systems. Finally, a regular black hole without the singularity is introduced to describe an accelerating universe inside the cosmological horizon. Inspired by this, we show that the holographic energy density with the cosmological horizon as the IR cutoff leads to the dark energy-dominated universe with $ω_{\rm Λ}=-1$.
description: 11pages, 1 figure, version to appear in PLB
Isomeric states in neutron-rich nuclei around $N = 40$
Creators: name: Wimmer, K.
name: Recchia, F.
name: Lenzi, S. M.
name: Riccetto, S.
name: Davinson, T.
name: Estrade, A.
name: Griffin, C. J.
name: Nishimura, S.
name: Phong, V.
name: Söderström, P. -A.
name: Aktas, O.
name: Al-Aqeel, M.
name: Ando, T.
name: Baba, H.
name: Bae, S.
name: Choi, S.
name: Doornenbal, P.
name: Ha, J.
name: Harkness-Brennan, L.
name: Isobe, T.
name: John, P. R.
name: Kahl, D.
name: Kiss, G.
name: Kojouharov, I.
name: Kurz, N.
name: Labiche, M.
name: Matsui, K.
name: Momiyama, S.
name: Napoli, D. R.
name: Niikura, M.
name: Nita, C.
name: Saito, Y.
name: Sakurai, H.
name: Schaffner, H.
name: Schrock, P.
name: Stahl, C.
name: Sumikama, T.
name: Werner, V.
name: Witt, W.
name: Woods, P. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Neutron-rich nuclei in the vicinity of the $N=40$ island of inversion are characterized by shell evolution and exhibit deformed ground states. In several nuclei isomeric states have been observed and attributed to excitations to the intruder neutron $1g_{9/2}$ orbital. In the present study we searched for isomeric states in nuclei around $N=40$, $Z=22$ produced by projectile fragmentation at RIBF. Delayed $γ$ rays were detected by the EURICA germanium detector array. High statistics data allowed for an updated decay scheme of $^{60}$V. The lifetime of an isomeric state in $^{64}$V was measured for the first time in the present experiment. A previously unobserved isomeric state was discovered in $^{58}$Sc. The measured lifetime suggests a parity changing transition, originating from an odd number of neutrons in the $1g_{9/2}$ orbital. The nature of the isomeric state in $^{58}$Sc is thus different from isomers in the less exotic V and Sc nuclei.
description: PRC accepted
A Study of factors influencing a non-cyclic, island population of snowshoe hares
Creators: name: Zimmerling, Todd
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2008

description: In this study I examined potential causes of the observed demographic differences between Jacquot Island and mainland snowshoe hare (Lepus americanus) populations, in the southwestern Yukon. The population dynamics of snowshoe hares on Jacquot Island have been observed to differ from the dynamics of a population undergoing a "10-year cycle," such as that on the adjacent mainland. Hare densities, predation rates, reproduction and juvenile survival were all monitored on both Jacquot Island and mainland study areas. Habitat on the study sites was also examined for cover and browse availability. Jacquot Island juveniles had survival rates 3-15 fold higher than mainland juveniles. The difference in leveret survival was attributed to the lack of small mammalian predators on the island. The Jacquot Island study grids had habitat with more dense under story than that of mainland areas. The density of cover at 10 cm above the ground was positively associated with juvenile survival, and may have also contributed to the observed differences in juvenile survival rates. Differences in predation pressure on adult hares were observed between the island and mainland. I examined the influence of stochastic predation on the Jacquot Island hare population through the use of simulation models. I found that stochastic predation alone could not account for the observed dynamics of the Jacquot Island population. Through the use of a simulation model I was also able to show that the Jacquot Island hare population would cycle in a manner similar to the mainland if it were exposed to predation which followed a Type II functional response and a 1-year-delayed density-dependent numerical response. This model produced cycles with a period of 9 years and a maximum hare density of 3.15 hares/ha. I concluded from this study that the observed differences in population dynamics between the mainland and Jacquot Island hare populations are caused in part by: 1) Differences in predation pressure between the mainland and Jacquot Island, where Jacquot Island experiences stochastic variation in predation pressure from year to year, and the mainland experiences delayed density-dependent predation pressure. 2) Differences in the numbers of predators of juvenile hares, where Jacquot Island has only red squirrels as a small mammalian predator, while the mainland has red squirrels, Arctic ground squirrels and weasels. 3) Differences in habitat, resulting in Jacquot Island having more dense "refuge habitat" than mainland areas.