cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Attractor Dynamics with Synaptic Depression
Creators: name: Fung, C. C. Alan
name: Wong, K. Y. Michael
name: Wang, He
name: Wu, Si
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Neuronal connection weights exhibit short-term depression (STD). The present study investigates the impact of STD on the dynamics of a continuous attractor neural network (CANN) and its potential roles in neural information processing. We find that the network with STD can generate both static and traveling bumps, and STD enhances the performance of the network in tracking external inputs. In particular, we find that STD endows the network with slow-decaying plateau behaviors, namely, the network being initially stimulated to an active state will decay to silence very slowly in the time scale of STD rather than that of neural signaling. We argue that this provides a mechanism for neural systems to hold short-term memory easily and shut off persistent activities naturally.
description: 9 pages, 8 figures. This article has been accepted by NIPS with a poster spotlight presentation at the conference
A Low Cost Remote Sensing System Using PC and Stereo Equipment
Creators: name: Campbell, Joel F.
name: Flood, Michael A.
name: Prasad, Narasimha S.
name: Hodson, Wade D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Physics Education (physics.ed-ph)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A system using a personal computer, speaker, and a microphone is used to detect objects, and make crude measurements using a carrier modulated by a pseudorandom noise (PN) code. This system can be constructed using a personal computer and audio equipment commonly found in the laboratory or at home, or more sophisticated equipment that can be purchased at reasonable cost. We demonstrate its value as an instructional tool for teaching concepts of remote sensing and digital signal processing.
description: Accepted for publication in American Journal of Physics
Letter from Charles Dollard to Gunnar Myrdal, September 23, 1940
Creators: name: Dollard, Charles, 1907-1977
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2019
Subjects: Race relations
African Americans--Social conditions
Endowments

description: Discussion of publication of Alva Myrdal's "Kontakt mit Amerika" and securing permanent residency in the U.S. for Richard Sterner.
title: Сравнительный анализ механической прочности и биологической проницаемости различных видов кишечного шва
Creators: name: Ламрабат, Омар
name: Щелочкова, Ирина
Publisher: name: Новгородский государственный университет имени Ярослава Мудрого (НовГУ)
Year: 2021

description: C целью исследования механической прочности, а также биологической проницаемости различных видов кишечных швов были проведены исследования на основе эксперимента на шестнадцати кроликах. Формировались экспериментальные модели анастомозов конец в конец с использованием разных видов кишечного шва, после чего анализировались морфофункциональные характеристики кишечной ткани. В результате исследования были получены данные о свойствах каждого из рассмотренных видов кишечного шва и о влияющих на них факторах. Было получено, что двухрядный шов имеет высокие показатели механической прочности и низкую биологическую проницаемость. В отличие от двухрядного шва, однорядный имеет лучшие лабораторные показатели.
The Merrifield-Simmons conjecture holds for bipartite graphs
Creators: name: Trinks, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05C69

description: Let $G = (V, E)$ be a graph and $σ(G)$ the number of independent (vertex) sets in $G$. Then the Merrifield-Simmons conjecture states that the sign of the term $σ(G_{-u}) \cdot σ(G_{-v}) - σ(G) \cdot σ(G_{-u-v})$ only depends on the parity of the distance of the vertices $u, v \in V$ in $G$. We prove that the conjecture holds for bipartite graphs by considering a generalization of the term, where vertex subsets instead of vertices are deleted.
description: 8 pages
Letter from Lawrence Dunbar Reddick to Gunnar Myrdal, October 3, 1940
Creators: name: Reddick, Lawrence Dunbar, 1910-1995
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2019
Subjects: Race relations
African Americans--Social conditions
Endowments

description: Schomburg Collection Curator Lawrence D. Reddick writes to Gunnar Myrdal to inquire about meeting to discuss transfer of the field notes from the Carnegie-Myrdal Study to the Collection, and to accept Melville J. Herskovits' invitation to read his manuscript for "The myth of the Negro past."
Letter from Rowena S. Hadsell to Charles Dollard, October 18, 1940
Creators: name: Hadsell, Rowena Saeger
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2019
Subjects: Race relations
African Americans--Social conditions
Endowments

description: Note attached to memoranda listing all of the independent studies conducted for the Carnegie-Myrdal Study and the number of manuscript copies currently bound of each.
The Global Stability of the Minkowski Spacetime Solution to the Einstein-Nonlinear Electromagnetic System in Wave Coordinates
Creators: name: Speck, Jared
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Primary: 35A01, Secondary: 35L99, 35Q60, 35Q76, 78A25, 83C22, 83C50

description: In this article, we study the coupling of the Einstein field equations of general relativity to a family of models of nonlinear electromagnetic fields. The family comprises all covariant electromagnetic models that satisfy the following criteria: they are derivable from a sufficiently regular Lagrangian, they reduce to the linear Maxwell model in the weak-field limit, and their corresponding energy-momentum tensors satisfy the dominant energy condition. Our main result is a proof of the global nonlinear stability of the 1 + 3-dimensional Minkowski spacetime solution to the coupled system for any member of the family, which includes the linear Maxwell model. This stability result is a consequence of a small-data global existence result for a reduced system of equations that is equivalent to the original system in our wave coordinate gauge. Our analysis of the spacetime metric components is based on a framework recently developed by Lindblad and Rodnianski, which allows us to derive suitable estimates for tensorial systems of quasilinear wave equations with nonlinearities that satisfy the weak null condition. Our analysis of the electromagnetic fields, which satisfy quasilinear first-order equations, is based on an extension of a geometric energy-method framework developed by Christodoulou, together with a collection of pointwise decay estimates for the Faraday tensor developed in the article. We work directly with the electromagnetic fields, and thus avoid the use of electromagnetic potentials.
description: Restated the criteria for stability in terms of geometric quantities. Fixed some typos and minor errors. Changed to a more printer-friendly font. 92 pages
Discarded weight and entanglement spectra in the Numerical Renormalization Group
Creators: name: Weichselbaum, Andreas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A quantitative criterion to prove and analyze convergence within the numerical renormalization group (NRG) is introduced. By tracing out a few further NRG shells, the resulting reduced density matrices carry relevant information on numerical accuracy as well as entanglement. Their spectra can thus be analyzed twofold. The smallest eigenvalues provide a sensitive estimate of how much weight is discarded in the low energy description of later iterations. As such, the discarded weight is a clear indicator of the accuracy of a specific NRG calculation. In particular, it indicates in a site-specific manner whether sufficiently many states have been kept within a single NRG run. The largest eigenvalues of the reduced density matrices, on the other hand, lend themselves to a straightforward analysis in terms of entanglement spectra, which can be combined into entanglement flow diagrams. The latter show strong similarities with the well-known standard energy flow diagram of the NRG, supporting the prevalent usage of entanglement spectra to characterize different physical regimes.
description: 12 pages, 10 figures
Robust dynamical decoupling for quantum computing and quantum memory
Creators: name: Souza, Alexandre M.
name: Alvarez, Gonzalo A.
name: Suter, Dieter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Dynamical decoupling (DD) is a popular technique for protecting qubits from the environment. However, unless special care is taken, experimental errors in the control pulses used in this technique can destroy the quantum information instead of preserving it. Here, we investigate techniques for making DD sequences robust against different types of experimental errors while retaining good decoupling efficiency in a fluctuating environment. We present experimental data from solid-state nuclear spin qubits and introduce a new DD sequence that is suitable for quantum computing and quantum memory.
description: 4 pages, 5 figures
Samara no. 9 [Spanish].
Creators: name: Millennium Seed Bank Project
Publisher: name: Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew
Year: 2005
Subjects: South Australia
Plant conservation
Burkina Faso
Namibia
Australia
Seed banks
Mexico
Seed collecting
Mali
Seed size
Chile
St. Helena
Ex situ conservation
Millennium Seed Bank Project
Cryo-biology
New South Wales
Botswana
Malawi

description: IF = none.
description: Ardingly, West Sussex, UK
Local Hölder continuity for doubly nonlinear parabolic equations
Creators: name: Kuusi, Tuomo
name: Siljander, Juhana
name: Urbano, José Miguel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35B65 (Primary) 35K65, 35D10 (Secondary)

description: We give a proof of the Hölder continuity of weak solutions of certain degenerate doubly nonlinear parabolic equations in measure spaces. We only assume the measure to be a doubling non-trivial Borel measure which supports a Poincaré inequality. The proof discriminates between large scales, for which a Harnack inequality is used, and small scales, that require intrinsic scaling methods.
Letter from Frederick P. Keppel to Gunnar Myrdal, September 23, 1940
Creators: name: Keppel, Frederick P. (Frederick Paul), 1875-1943
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2019
Subjects: Race relations
African Americans--Social conditions
Endowments

description: Frederick P. Keppel writes to Gunnar Myrdal to discuss the compilation of manuscripts by the various researchers of the Carnegie-Myrdal Study into a cohesive final publication in light of Myrdal's extended stay in Sweden.
Letter from Charles Dollard to Lawrence Dunbar Reddick, October 9, 1940
Creators: name: Dollard, Charles, 1907-1977
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2019
Subjects: Race relations
African Americans--Social conditions
Endowments

description: Charles Dollard writes to Schomburg Collection Curator Lawrence D. Reddick to discuss the transfer of field notes from the Carnegie-Myrdal Study to the collection and Melville J. Herskovits' manuscript for "The myth of the Negro past."
Edge ideals: algebraic and combinatorial properties
Creators: name: Morey, Susan
name: Villarreal, Rafael H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Commutative Algebra (math.AC)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 13-02, 13F55, 05C10

description: Let C be a clutter and let I(C) be its edge ideal. This is a survey paper on the algebraic and combinatorial properties of R/I(C) and C, respectively. We give a criterion to estimate the regularity of R/I(C) and apply this criterion to give new proofs of some formulas for the regularity. If C is a clutter and R/I(C) is sequentially Cohen-Macaulay, we present a formula for the regularity of the ideal of vertex covers of C and give a formula for the projective dimension of R/I(C). We also examine the associated primes of powers of edge ideals, and show that for a graph with a leaf, these sets form an ascending chain.
Letter from Gunnar Myrdal to Frederick P. Keppel, August 22, 1940
Creators: name: Myrdal, Gunnar, 1898-1987
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2019
Subjects: Race relations
African Americans--Social conditions
Endowments

description: Gunnar Myrdal writes to Frederick P. Keppel to inform him that the rising tensions of World War II have delayed his anticipated return from Sweden, and to discuss progress on the publication of the Carnegie-Myrdal Study in light of this development.
Discretized Thermal Green's Functions
Creators: name: Granath, Mats
name: Sabashvili, Andro
name: Strand, Hugo U. R.
name: Östlund, Stellan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a spectral weight conserving formalism for Fermionic thermal Green's functions that are discretized in imaginary time and thus periodic in imaginary ("Matsubara") frequency. The formalism requires a generalization of the Dyson equation and the Baym-Kadanoff-Luttinger-Ward functional for the free energy. A conformal transformation is used to analytically continue the periodized Matsubara Green's function to the continuous real axis in a way that conserves the discontinuity at t=0 of the corresponding real-time Green's function. For given discretization the method allows numerical Green's function calculations of very high precision and it appears to give a well controlled convergent approximation as we decrease the discretization interval. The ideas are tested on Dynamical Mean Field Theory calculations of the paramagnetic Hubbard model.
Letter from Gunnar Myrdal to Charles Dollard, Samuel A. Stouffer and Richard Sterner, August 22, 1940
Creators: name: Myrdal, Gunnar, 1898-1987
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2019
Subjects: Race relations
African Americans--Social conditions
Endowments

description: Gunnar Myrdal writes to discuss the future of the Carnegie-Myrdal Study in light of his inability to return to the United States from Sweden.
Spin-orbit measurements and refined parameters for the exoplanet systems WASP-22 and WASP-26
Creators: name: Anderson, D. R.
name: Cameron, A. Collier
name: Gillon, M.
name: Hellier, C.
name: Jehin, E.
name: Lendl, M.
name: Queloz, D.
name: Smalley, B.
name: Triaud, A. H. M. J.
name: Vanhuysse, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on spectroscopic and photometric observations through transits of the exoplanets WASP-22b and WASP-26b, intended to determine the systems' spin-orbit angles. We combine these data with existing data to refine the system parameters. We measure a sky-projected spin-orbit angle of 22 +/- 16 deg for WASP-22b, showing the planet's orbit to be prograde and, perhaps, slightly misaligned. We do not detect the Rossiter-McLaughlin effect of WASP-26b due to its low amplitude and observation noise. We place 3-sigma upper limits on orbital eccentricity of 0.063 for WASP-22b and 0.050 for WASP-26b. After refining the drift in the systemic velocity of WASP-22 found by Maxted et al. (2010, AJ, 140, 2007) we find the third body in the system to have a minimum-mass of 5.3 +/- 0.3 Mjup (a3/5 AU)^2, where a3 is the orbital distance of the third body.
description: As accepted for publication in A&A. 8 pages, 4 figures, 3 tables. (fixed typo in abstract)
Dark energy models with variable equation of state parameter
Creators: name: Yadav, Anil Kumar
name: Rahaman, Farook
name: Ray, Saibal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The dark energy models with variable equation of state parameter $ω$ is investigated by using law of variation of Hubble's parameter that yields the constant value of deceleration parameter. The equation of state parameter $ω$ is found to be time dependent and its existing range for this model is consistent with the recent observations of SN Ia data, SN Ia data (with CMBR anisotropy) and galaxy clustering statistics. The physical significance of the dark energy models has also been discussed.
description: 8 pages, 6 figures
Memorandum from Samuel A. Stouffer and Richard Sterner to Frederick P. Keppel, August 30, 1940
Creators: name: Stouffer, Samuel A., 1900-1960
name: Sterner, Richard, 1901-1978
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2019
Subjects: Race relations
African Americans--Social conditions
Endowments

description: Discussion of the end of the research phase of the Carnegie-Myrdal Study and next steps in assembling the findings of the study into a publication-ready book.
Memorandum from Charles Dollard to Frederick P. Keppel, August 27, 1940
Creators: name: Dollard, Charles, 1907-1977
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2019
Subjects: Race relations
African Americans--Social conditions
Endowments

description: Notes from meeting between Charles Dollard to Samuel A. Stouffer to discuss tokens of appreciation for the soon to be dismissed administrative staff of the Carnegie-Myrdal Study's New York offices, as well as proofing of a manuscript by Bernhard Joseph Stern by Alain Locke.
Direct regular-to-chaotic tunneling rates using the fictitious integrable system approach
Creators: name: Bäcker, Arnd
name: Ketzmerick, Roland
name: Löck, Steffen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We review the fictitious integrable system approach which predicts dynamical tunneling rates from regular states to the chaotic region in systems with a mixed phase space. It is based on the introduction of a fictitious integrable system that resembles the regular dynamics within the regular island. We focus on the direct regular-to-chaotic tunneling process which dominates, if nonlinear resonances within the regular island are not relevant. For quantum maps, billiard systems, and optical microcavities we find excellent agreement with numerical rates for all regular states.
description: 26 pages, 24 figures
Cosmological Einstein-Maxwell Instantons and Euclidean Supersymmetry: Beyond Self-Duality
Creators: name: Dunajski, M.
name: Gutowski, J. B.
name: Sabra, W. A.
name: Tod, Paul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct new supersymmetric solutions to the Euclidean Einstein-Maxwell theory with a non-vanishing cosmological constant, and for which the Maxwell field strength is neither self-dual or anti-self-dual. We find that there are three classes of solutions, depending on the sign of the Maxwell field strength and cosmological constant terms in the Einstein equations which arise from the integrability conditions of the Killing spinor equation. The first class is a Euclidean version of a Lorentzian supersymmetric solution found in arXiv:0804.0009, hep-th/0406238 . The second class is constructed from a three dimensional base space which admits a hyper-CR Einstein-Weyl structure. The third class is the Euclidean Kastor-Traschen solution.
description: 15 pages, latex. Minor alterations to section 4
Letter from Charles Dollard to Franklin F. Hopper, August 27, 1940
Creators: name: Dollard, Charles, 1907-1977
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2019
Subjects: Race relations
African Americans--Social conditions
Endowments

description: Letter from Charles Dollard to New York Public Library Chief of Circulation Franklin F. Hopper regarding disposition of field notes from the Carnegie-Myrdal Study to the Schomburg Collection.
Composition-tuned smeared phase transitions
Creators: name: Hrahsheh, Fawaz
name: Nozadze, David
name: Vojta, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Phase transitions in random systems are smeared if individual spatial regions can order independently of the bulk system. In this paper, we study such smeared phase transitions (both classical and quantum) in substitutional alloys A$_{1-x}$B$_x$ that can be tuned from an ordered phase at composition $x=0$ to a disordered phase at $x=1$. We show that the ordered phase develops a pronounced tail that extends over all compositions $x<1$. Using optimal fluctuation theory, we derive the composition dependence of the order parameter and other quantities in the tail of the smeared phase transition. We also compare our results to computer simulations of a toy model, and we discuss experiments.
description: 6 pages, 4 eps figures included, final version as published
Efficient, long-range correlation from occupied wavefunctions only
Creators: name: Gould, Tim
name: Dobson, John F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use continuum mechanics [Tao \emph{et al}, PRL{\bf 103},086401] to approximate the dynamic density response of interacting many-electron systems. Thence we develop a numerically efficient exchange-correlation energy functional based on the Random Phase Approximation (dRPA). The resulting binding energy curve $E(D)$ for thin parallel metal slabs at separation $D$ better agrees with full dRPA calculations than does the Local Density Approximation. We also reproduce the correct non-retarded van der Waals (vdW) power law $E(D)\aeq -C_{5/2}D^{-5/2}$ as $D\to\infty$, unlike most vdW functionals.
description: 4 pages, 1 figure
Full counting statistics of the interference contrast from independent Bose-Einstein condensates
Creators: name: Rath, Steffen Patrick
name: Zwerger, Wilhelm
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that the visibility in interference experiments with Bose-Einstein condensates is directly related to the condensate fraction. The probability distribution of the contrast over many runs of an interference experiment thus gives the full counting statistics of the condensed atom number. For two-dimensional Bose gases, we discuss the universal behavior of the probability distribution in the superfluid regime and provide analytical expressions for the distributions for both homogeneous and harmonically trapped samples. They are non-Gaussian and unimodal with a variance that is directly related to the superfluid density. In general, the visibility is a self-averaging observable only in the presence of long range phase coherence. Close to the transition temperature, the visibility distribution reflects the universal order parameter distribution in the vicinity of the critical point.
Active Brownian Motion in Threshold Distribution of a Coulomb Blockade Model
Creators: name: Narumi, Takayuki
name: Suzuki, Masaru
name: Hidaka, Yoshiki
name: Asai, Tetsuya
name: Kai, Shoichi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Randomly-distributed offset charges affect the nonlinear current-voltage property via the fluctuation of the threshold voltage of Coulomb blockade arrays. We analytically derive the distribution of the threshold voltage for a model of one-dimensional locally-coupled Coulomb blockade arrays, and propose a general relationship between conductance and the distribution. In addition, we show the distribution for a long array is equivalent to the distribution of the number of upward steps for aligned objects of different height. The distribution satisfies a novel Fokker-Planck equation corresponding to active Brownian motion. The feature of the distribution is clarified by comparing it with the Wigner and Ornstein-Uhlenbeck processes. It is not restricted to the Coulomb blockade model, but instructive in statistical physics generally.
description: 4pages, 3figures
Neutron skin of 208Pb, nuclear symmetry energy, and the parity radius experiment
Creators: name: Roca-Maza, X.
name: Centelles, M.
name: Viñas, X.
name: Warda, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A precise determination of the neutron skin thickness of a heavy nucleus sets a basic constraint on the nuclear symmetry energy (the neutron skin thickness is the difference of the neutron and proton rms radii of the nucleus). The parity radius experiment (PREX) may achieve it by electroweak parity-violating electron scattering (PVES) on 208Pb. We investigate PVES in nuclear mean field approach to allow the accurate extraction of the neutron skin thickness of 208Pb from the parity-violating asymmetry probed in the experiment. We demonstrate a high linear correlation between the parity-violating asymmetry and the neutron skin thickness in successful mean field forces as the best means to constrain the neutron skin of 208Pb from PREX, without assumptions on the neutron density shape. Continuation of the experiment with higher precision in the parity-violating asymmetry is motivated since the present method can support it to constrain the density slope of the nuclear symmetry energy to new accuracy.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures, some changes in text and references, version to appear in Phys. Rev. Lett
Chiral vortaic effect and neutron asymmetries at NICA
Creators: name: Rogachevsky, Oleg
name: Sorin, Alexander
name: Teryaev, Oleg
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the possibility of testing experimentally signatures of P-odd effects related with the vorticity of the medium. The Chiral Vortaic Effect is generalized to the case of conserved charges different from the electric one. In the case of baryonic charge and chemical potential such effect should manifest itself in neutron asymmetries at the NICA accelerator complex measured by the MPD detector. The required accuracy may be achieved in a few months of accelerator running. We also discuss polarization of the hyperons and P-odd correlations of particle momenta (handedness) as probes of vorticity.
description: LaTeX, 10 pages, 3 figures (V2: new figure and comments added)
Measurement of b hadron lifetimes in exclusive decays containing a J/psi in p-pbar collisions at sqrt(s)=1.96TeV
Creators: name: al., T. Aaltonen et
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on a measurement of $b$-hadron lifetimes in the fully reconstructed decay modes B^+ -->J/Psi K+, B^0 --> J/Psi K*, B^0 --> J/Psi Ks, and Lambda_b --> J/Psi Lambda using data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 4.3 ${\rm fb}^{-1}$, collected by the CDF II detector at the Fermilab Tevatron. The measured lifetimes are $τ$B^+ = $1.639 \pm 0.009 ({\rm stat}) \pm 0.009 {\rm (syst) ~ ps}$, $τ$B^0 = $1.507 \pm 0.010 ({\rm stat}) \pm 0.008 {\rm (syst) ~ ps}$ and $τ$Lambda_b = $1.537 \pm 0.045 ({\rm stat}) \pm 0.014 {\rm (syst) ~ ps}$. The lifetime ratios are $τ$B^+/$τ$B^0 = $1.088 \pm 0.009 ({\rm stat})\pm 0.004 ({\rm syst})$ and $τ$Lambda_b/$τ$B^0 = $1.020 \pm 0.030 ({\rm stat})\pm 0.008 ({\rm syst})$. These are the most precise determinations of these quantities from a single experiment.
description: revised version. accepted for PRL publication
Letter from Ellsworth Faris to Samuel A. Stouffer, August 28, 1940
Creators: name: Faris, Ellsworth, 1874-1953
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2019
Subjects: Race relations
African Americans--Social conditions
Endowments

description: University of Chicago sociology professor Ellsworth Faris writes to Samuel A. Stouffer to enumerate his critiques of manuscripts prepared by the researchers of the Carnegie-Myrdal Study.
Optimization of Protein Production Development Using a Combination of Cell-Free Expression and High-Throughput Protein Analysis
Creators: name: Richter, Carolin
Publisher: name: Karlsruhe
Year: 2014
Subjects: cell-free expression
high-throughput screening
autoimmunity
protein microarray

description: This thesis deals with the optimization of high-throughput cell-free protein expression and subsequent protein analysis as well as the combination of these methods. The research outcome contributes to help simplifying and accelerating the biochemical protein production and analysis.
Knitting neutrino mass textures with or without Tri-Bi maximal mixing
Creators: name: Leontaris, G. K.
name: Vlachos, N. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The solar and baseline neutrino oscillation data suggest bimaximal neutrino mixing among the first two generations, and trimaximal mixing between all three neutrino flavors. It has been conjectured that this indicates the existence of an underlying symmetry for the leptonic fermion mass textures. The experimentally measured quantities however, are associated to the latter indirectly and in a rather complicated way through the mixing matrices of the charged leptons and neutrinos. Motivated by these facts, we derive exact analytical expressions which directly link the charged lepton and neutrino mass and mixing parameters to measured quantities and obtain constraints on the parameter space. We discuss deviations from Tri-Bi mixing matrices and present minimal extensions of the Harrison Perkins and Scott matrices capable of interpreting all neutrino data.
description: 17 pages, expanded version, to appear in PLB
Macroscopic Quantum Tunneling and the "cosmic" Josephson effect
Creators: name: Barone, A.
name: Gasperini, M.
name: Rotoli, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the possible influence of a cosmic magnetic field on the macroscopic quantum tunneling process associated, in a cosmological context, to the decay of the "false vacuum." We find a close analogy with the effects of an external magnetic field applied to a Josephson junction in the context of low-temperature/high-temperature superconducting devices.
description: 4 pages, 1 pdf figure. Added references and an inset in Fig. 1, results unchanged. To appear in Phys. Rev. D (Brief Report)
Recycling of Neutron Stars in Common Envelopes and Hypernova Explosions
Creators: name: Barkov, Maxim V.
name: Komissarov, Serguei S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we propose a new plausible mechanism of supernova explosions specific to close binary systems. The starting point is the common envelope phase in the evolution of a binary consisting of a red super giant and a neutron star. As the neutron star spirals towards the center of its companion it spins up via disk accretion. Depending on the specific angular momentum of gas captured by the neutron star via the Bondi-Hoyle mechanism, it may reach millisecond periods either when it is still inside the common envelope or after it has merged with the companion core. The high accretion rate may result in strong differential rotation of the neutron star and generation of the magnetar-strength magnetic field. The magnetar wind can blow away the common envelope if its magnetic field is as strong as $10^{15}\,$G, and can destroy the entire companion if it is as strong as $10^{16}\,$G. The total explosion energy can be comparable to the rotational energy of a millisecond pulsar and reach $10^{52}\,$erg. However, only a small amount of $^{56}$Ni is expected to be produced this way. The result is an unusual type-II supernova with very high luminosity during the plateau phase, followed by a sharp drop in brightness and a steep light-curve tail. The remnant is either a solitary magnetar or a close binary involving a Wolf-Rayet star and a magnetar. When this Wolf-Rayet star explodes this will be a third supernovae explosion in the same binary.
description: 16 pages, 4 figures
Letter from Franklin F. Hopper to Charles Dollard, August 23, 1940
Creators: name: Hopper, F. F. (Franklin Ferguson), 1878-1950
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2019
Subjects: Race relations
African Americans--Social conditions
Endowments

description: Letter from New York Public Library Chief of Circulation Franklin F. Hopper to Charles Dollard regarding return of books borrowed by the Carnegie-Myrdal Study to the Schomburg Collection, as well as the possibility of field notes from the study being donated to the Schomburg Collection following the publication of its findings.
Unexpected systematic degeneracy in a system of two coupled Gaudin models with homogeneous couplings
Creators: name: Erbe, Bjoern
name: Schliemann, John
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report an unexpected systematic degeneracy between different multiplets in an inversion symmetric system of two coupled Gaudin models with homogeneous couplings, as occurring for example in the context of solid state quantum information processing. We construct the full degenerate subspace (being of macroscopic dimension), which turns out to lie in the kernel of the commutator between the two Gaudin models and the coupling term. Finally we investigate to what extend the degeneracy is related to the inversion symmetry of the system and find that indeed there is a large class of systems showing the same type of degeneracy.
description: 13 pages, 4 figures
Mass-Deformed Super Yang-Mills Theories from M2-Branes with Flux
Creators: name: Kim, Yoonbai
name: Kwon, O-Kab
name: Tolla, D. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider $(2+1)$-dimensional mass-deformed SYM theories and their M-theory origin. These are obtained from MP Higgsing of ABJM theory with constant flux and fixing the mass terms via supersymmetry completion. Depending on the choice of the flux, we obtain ${\cal N}=1$, ${\cal N}=2$, and ${\cal N}=4$ mass-deformed SYM theories. For each of these cases we solve the vacuum equation and obtain the fuzzy two sphere solution for the first two cases. We also discuss the D-brane interpretation of the obtained mass-deformed SYM theories.
description: 22 pages, no figure, vacuum solutions are more generalized, published version in JHEP
Quantum Entanglement and Quantum Discord of Two-Mode Gaussian States in a Thermal Environment
Creators: name: Isar, Aurelian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the framework of the theory of open systems based on completely positive quantum dynamical semigroups, we give a description of the continuous-variable quantum entanglement and quantum discord for a system consisting of two noninteracting modes embedded in a thermal environment. Entanglement and discord are used to quantify the quantum correlations of the system. For all values of the temperature of the thermal reservoir, an initial separable Gaussian state remains separable for all times. We study the time evolution of logarithmic negativity, which characterizes the degree of entanglement, and show that in the case of an entangled initial Gaussian state, entanglement suppression (entanglement sudden death) takes place, for non-zero temperatures of the environment. Only for a zero temperature of the thermal bath the initial entangled state remains entangled for finite times. We analyze the time evolution of the Gaussian quantum discord, which is a measure of all quantum correlations in the bipartite state, including entanglement, and show that quantum discord decays asymptotically in time under the effect of the thermal bath. This is contrast with the sudden death of entanglement. Before the suppression of the entanglement, the qualitative evolution of quantum discord is very similar to that of the entanglement. We describe also the time evolution of the degree of classical correlations and of quantum mutual information, which measures the total correlations of the quantum system.
description: Added references; 18 pages, 4 figures; talk at the 42th Symposium on Mathematical Physics "Quantum Channels, Quantum Information - Theory and Applications", Torun, Poland (2010)
Carnegie-Myrdal Study, Present Personnel, August 27, 1940
Creators: name: Carnegie Corporation Of New York
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2019
Subjects: Race relations
African Americans--Social conditions
Endowments

description: List of complete staff of the Carnegie-Myrdal Study prepared for mailing invitations to a farewell luncheon held by the Carnegie Corporation in honor of the closure of the study's New York office.
Spectrally Resolved Quantum Tomography of Polarization Entangled States
Creators: name: Kalashnikov, Dmitry A.
name: Krivitsky, Leonid A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study broadband polarization entangled states generated within the line width of type-II Spontaneous Parametric Down Conversion (SPDC). Applying a complete quantum polarization tomography protocol at arbitrary combination of frequency and angular sideband modes we reveal a complex structure of non-degenerate non-collinear polarization entangled states generated within the SPDC line width. It is demonstrated that simultaneous compensation of longitudinal and transverse walk off leads to homogenizing the structure of polarization entanglement.
description: Submitted for publication
Sharing is caring : prosocial behaviours, theory of mind, and media and technology in early childhood education
Creators: name: Ralph, Rachel
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2017

description: This empirical study investigated the manifestation of prosocial sharing behaviours and how this interplayed with preschool-aged children’s Theory of Mind (ToM), described in cognitive science as one’s ability to ascribe mental states to others and how the ascribed states are used to explain and predict the actions of others, when using media and technology (M&T), i.e., iPads. The following research questions were explored: 1) In what ways do theory of mind and the prosocial behaviour of sharing manifest among preschool-aged children interacting with iPads?; 2) What are the effects of iPad use on the manifestation of theory of mind and prosocial behaviours of sharing among preschool-aged children?; 3) What are the possible connections between a child’s theory of mind and their prosocial behaviour of sharing? The study is grounded in empathy-altruism theory, social exchange theory, and social learning theories. It employed a mixed methods approach that used design-based research (DBR) strategies and video ethnography for data collection. During the study, the children wore personable cameras, which captured data from their points of view to enhance the video captured by the researcher. Phases of the DBR included: a pilot feasibility study (prototype test) with practicing teachers (n=18), field study with preschool-aged children (n=3) (four years old), and definitive test group (n=5) (three and four years old) in another early childhood education (ECE) setting. The field study and definitive test phases included a teaching intervention for data collection and analysis: 1) Reading digital story Mine, 2) ToM storybook task battery, 3) Demonstration of Chatterpix Kid, and 4) Limited iPad to children ratio using Chatterpix Kid to animate pictures taken. Data were analyzed using qualitative open-thematic coding methods and statistical methods, including Chi-square and Cohen’s Kappa for agreement. The qualitative and quantitative results indicated that all children participants had ToM attributes and incidents of prosocial behaviours occurred more than nonsocial or antisocial behaviours when using media and technology. The study’s findings underscore the importance of exploring in situ children’s ToM, using point of view wearable cameras, and continued research to understand short and long-term implications of media and technology in early childhood education.
The robust $\mP\mT$-symmetric chain and properties of its Hermitian counterpart
Creators: name: Joglekar, Yogesh N.
name: Saxena, Avadh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the properties of a parity- and time-reversal- (PT) symmetric tight-binding chain of size N with position-dependent hopping amplitude. In contrast to the fragile PT-symmetric phase of a chain with constant hopping and imaginary impurity potentials, we show that, under very general conditions, our model is {\it always} in the PT-symmetric phase. We numerically obtain the energy spectrum and the density of states of such a chain, and show that they are widely tunable. By studying the size-dependence of inverse participation ratios, we show that although the chain is not translationally invariant, most of its eigenstates are extended. Our results indicate that tight-binding models with non-Hermitian PT-symmetric hopping have a robust PT-symmetric phase and rich dynamics which may be explored in coupled waveguides.
description: 10 pages, 3 figures; significant text and references revision
On the Vacua of Mass-deformed Gaiotto-Tomasiello Theories
Creators: name: Kwon, O-Kab
name: Tolla, D. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We write explicit Lagrangian and supersymmetry transformation rules using the component fields in the ${\cal N}=2,3$ GT theories. In the component field expansion, the manifestation of an additional ${\cal N}=1$ supersymmetry is verified in the ${\cal N}=3$ GT theory. We find maximal supersymmetry preserving mass-deformation of the GT theories and their classical supersymmetric discrete vacua. Some interesting aspects of the set of discrete vacua are discussed in comparison with the ABJM case.
description: 19 pages, no figures, references are added, published version
Influence of the Polyakov loop on the chiral phase transition in the two flavor chiral quark model
Creators: name: Marko, G.
name: Szep, Zs.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The SU(2)_L x SU(2)_R chiral quark model consisting of the (sigma,pi) meson multiplet and the constituent quarks propagating on the homogeneous background of a temporal gauge field is solved at finite temperature and quark baryon chemical potential mu_q using an expansion in the number of flavors N_f, both in the chiral limit and for the physical value of the pion mass. Keeping the fermion propagator at its tree-level, several approximations to the pion propagator are investigated. These approximations correspond to different partial resummations of the perturbative series. Comparing their solution with a diagrammatically formulated resummation relying on a strict large-N_f expansion of the perturbative series one concludes that only when the local part of the approximated pion propagator resums infinitely many orders in 1/N_f of fermionic contributions a sufficiently rapid crossover transition at mu_q=0 is achieved allowing for the existence of a tricritical point or a critical end point in the mu_q-T phase diagram. The renormalization and the possibility of determining the counterterms in the resummation provided by a strict large-N_f expansion are investigated.
description: 20 pages, 7 figures, 5 graphs, and 3 tables; uses revtex4-1, minor corrections and investigation of the influence of the pion-fermion setting-sun integral on the field equations for the Polyakov loop and its conjugate. Version published in the Phys. Rev. D journal
Letter from Rowena S. Hadsell to Samuel A. Stouffer, August 21, 1940
Creators: name: Hadsell, Rowena Saeger
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2019
Subjects: Race relations
African Americans--Social conditions
Endowments

description: Rowena S. Hadsell writes to Samuel A. Stouffer to outline the administrative tasks necessary to dismantle the New York office of the Carnegie-Myrdal Study following its closure on August 31st.
Quantum Critical Superfluid Flows and Anisotropic Domain Walls
Creators: name: Arean, Daniel
name: Bertolini, Matteo
name: Krishnan, Chethan
name: Prochazka, Tomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct charged anisotropic AdS domain walls as solutions of a consistent truncation of type IIB string theory. These are a one-parameter family of solutions that flow to an AdS fixed point in the IR, exhibiting emergent conformal invariance and quantum criticality. They represent the zero-temperature limit of the holographic superfluids at finite superfluid velocity constructed in arXiv:1010.5777. We show that these domain walls exist only for velocities less than a critical value, agreeing in detail with a conjecture made there. We also comment about the IR limits of flows with velocities higher than this critical value, and point out an intriguing similarity between the phase diagrams of holographic superfluid flows and those of ordinary superconductors with imbalanced chemical potential.
description: 11 pages, 3 figures. V2: Very minor corrections. JHEP version
Relative Quasiconvexity using Fine Hyperbolic Graphs
Creators: name: Martinez-Pedroza, Eduardo
name: Wise, Daniel T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 20F65, 20F67, 20F06

description: We provide a new and elegant approach to relative quasiconvexity for relatively hyperbolic groups in the context of Bowditch's approach to relative hyperbolicity using cocompact actions on fine hyperbolic graphs. Our approach to quasiconvexity generalizes the other definitions in the literature that apply only for countable relatively hyperbolic groups. We also provide an elementary and self-contained proof that relatively quasiconvex subgroups are relatively hyperbolic.
description: 21 pages, 6 figures. New section on fine graphs. Version to appear in AGT