cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Candidate z ~ 2.5 Lyman Continuum Sources in the GOODS Fields
Creators: name: Jones, Logan H.
name: Barger, Amy J.
name: Cowie, Lennox L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use the wealth of deep archival optical spectroscopy on the GOODS-South field from Keck, the VLT, and other facilities to select candidate high-redshift Lyman continuum (LyC) leakers in the Hubble Deep UV Legacy Survey (HDUV) dataset. We select sources at $2.35 < z < 3.05$, where the HST/WFC3 F275W filter probes only the redshifted LyC. We find five moderately F275W-bright sources (four detected at $\gtrsim3σ$ significance) in this redshift range. However, two of these show evidence in their optical spectra for contamination by foreground galaxies along the line-of-sight. We then perform an F275W error-weighted sum of the fluxes of all 129 galaxies at $2.35 < z < 3.05$ in both the GOODS-N and GOODS-S HDUV areas to estimate the total ionizing flux. The result is dominated by just five candidate F275W-bright LyC sources. Lastly, we examine the contributions to the metagalactic ionizing background, finding that, at the sensitivity of the HDUV F275W data and allowing for the effects of LyC transmission in the intergalactic medium (IGM), star-forming galaxies can match the UV flux required to maintain an ionized IGM at $z \sim 2.5$.
description: 13 pages, 7 figures; accepted to ApJ
Microflora of marine and freshwater fish from commercial breeding
Creators: name: Croatian Agency for Agriculture and Food, Center for Food Safety
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: marine and freshwater fish, bacterial microflora, commercial breeding, aquaculture

description: Commercial fish farming is a significant contribution to the provision of high-quality protein food on the Croatian market. Sea bass, Dicentrarchus labrax and gilthead sea bream, Sparus aurata, are the most common species in mariculture, while ciprinides and trout are the most widely cultivated freshwater fish. Since food safety is a basic predisposition for market distribution, the aim of this study was to identify the bacterial microflora of sea bass, common carp and brown trout, Salmo trutta, from commercial farming. Skin and gill swabs were taken over three years throughout the seasons at sea bass farms near Pelješac, carp farm near the Ilova River and trout farm on the Krka River. 70 types of bacteria from 25 genera were detected by the MALDI TOF method. 42 species from 19 genera were found on sea bass, 26 species from 10 genera on carp, and 23 species from seven genera on brown trout. The genera Achromobacter, Aeromonas, Pseudomonas and Shewanella were found in all three fish species. The genera Arthrobacter, Bacillus, Exiguobacterium, Leclercia, Microbacterium, Micrococcus, Pantoea, Photobacterium, Providencia, Psychrobacter, Rhizobium, and Vibrio were found only in sea bass, Enterococcus, Morganella, and Proteus only in carp, and Carnobacterve, Hafnia and Serratia only in brown trout. The results indicate the need for further monitoring of the state of the microbiological flora with the application of good hygiene practice and other measures to reduce the potential harmful impact on farmed fish and human health.
description: PDF, efsa.focalpoint@hapih.hr
Singular Soergel bimodules
Creators: name: Williamson, Geordie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 17B10, 57T10

description: We define and study categories of singular Soergel bimodules, which are certain natural generalisations of Soergel bimodules. Indecomposable singular Soergel bimodules are classified, and we conclude that the split Grothendieck group of the 2-category of singular Soergel bimodules is isomorphic to the Schur algebroid. Soergel's conjecture on the characters of indecomposable Soergel bimodules in characteristic zero is shown to imply a similar conjecture for the characters of singular Soergel bimodules.
description: v3: appended erratum addressing issue pointed out by Abe, Brundan, Elias and Patimo
kHz QPO pairs expose the neutron star of Circinus X-1
Creators: name: Boutloukos, S.
name: van der Klis, M.
name: Altamirano, D.
name: Klein-Wolt, M.
name: Wijnands, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discovered kHz QPOs in 80 archived RXTE observations from the peculiar low-mass X-ray binary (LMXB) Circinus X-1. In 11 cases these appear in pairs in the frequency range of ~230 Hz to ~500 Hz for the upper kHz QPO and ~56 Hz to ~225 Hz for the lower kHz QPO. Their correlation with each other, which is similar to that of frequencies of kHz QPO pairs in other LMXBs containing a neutron star, and their variation by a factor two confirm that the central object is a neutron star. These are the lowest frequencies of kHz QPO pairs discovered so far and extend the above correlation over a frequency range of factor four. In this new frequency range the frequency difference of the two kHz QPOs increases monotonically by more than ~170 Hz with increasing kHz QPO frequency, challenging theoretical models.
description: 3 pages, 2 figures - one from astro-ph/0608089 (ApJ 653, 1435, 2006) in corrected form, to appear in the proceedings of the 11th Marcel Grossman meeting, improved wording, added reference
Probiotic-treated mice demonstrate lower sensitivity to mechanical stimulation
Creators: name: Dardmeh, Fereshteh
name: Nielsen, Hans Ingolf
name: Hiva Alipour
name: Kjærgaard, Benedict
name: Brandsborg, Erik
name: Gazerani, Parisa
Publisher: name: F1000Research
Year: 2015

description: Background and aims: The lack of a single, proven intervention for chronic pain highlights the complexity and diverse responsiveness to pain. Probiotics have gained high interest as alternatives to pharmacological compounds. Their nature of delivering metabolic modulations has been investigated in several medical conditions. However, their possible effect on pain is not fully investigated. This study aimed at investigating analgesic and antinoceceptive effects of L. Rhamnusus. The effect(s) of a probiotic depends on its metabolic properties, its surface molecules or secreted components and this is the first study testing the effects of L. Rhamnusus on nociception.

Methods: 6 week-old male C57BL/6NTac mice fed a normal diet (week 1-4) were randomly assigned to 2 groups treated with a single daily dose (1x109 CFU) of probiotic L. Rhamnusus (Test group) or physiological saline (control group) for 4 weeks (weeks 5-8) maintained on the same diet. Sensitivity to mechanical stimulation, as a translational biomarker of pain was assessed by an electronic Von Frey every two weeks.

Results: The test group showed a trend of lower pain sensitivity to mechanical stimulation compared to the control group after two weeks of receiving the probiotic treatment (19.839 ±0.822 g and 16.700±0.822 g, respectively, P>0.05). This difference became significant after 4 weeks of probiotic administration, (22.083±0.88 g in test group and 12.039±0.88 g in control group; P<0.01).

Conclusions: Probiotic-treated mice demonstrated lower mechanical pain sensitivity. The protective effect of probiotics on nociception circuits could be associated with the anti-inflammatory properties. The exact mechanism needs further investigation.
A Principal Component Analysis of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon emission in NGC 2023
Creators: name: Sidhu, Ameek
name: Peeters, Els
name: Cami, Jan
name: Knight, Collin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use the measured fluxes of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) emission features at 6.2, 7.7, 8.6, 11.0 and 11.2 $μ$m in the reflection nebula NGC 2023 to carry out a principal component analysis (PCA) as a means to study previously reported variations in the PAH emission. We find that almost all of the variations (99%) can be explained with just two parameters -- the first two principal components (PCs). We explore the characteristics of these PCs and show that the first PC ($PC_{1}$), which is the primary driver of the variation, represents the amount of emission of a mixture of PAHs with ionized species dominating over neutral species. The second PC ($PC_{2}$) traces variations in the ionization state of the PAHs across the nebula. Correlations of the PCs with various PAH ratios show that the 6.2 and 7.7 $μ$m bands behave differently than the 8.6 and 11.0 $μ$m bands, thereby forming two distinct groups of ionized bands. We compare the spatial distribution of the PCs to the physical conditions, in particular to the strength of the radiation field, $G_{0}$, and the $G_{0}/n_{H}$ ratio and find that the variations in $PC_{2}$, i.e. the ionization state of PAHs are strongly affected by $G_{0}$ whereas the amount of PAH emission (as traced by $PC_{1}$) does not depend on $G_0$.
description: 16 pages, 12 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Fast soliton scattering by delta impurities
Creators: name: Holmer, Justin
name: Marzuola, Jeremy
name: Zworski, Maciej
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 35Q55

description: We study the Gross-Pitaevskii equation (nonlinear Schroedinger equation) with a repulsive delta function potential. We show that a high velocity incoming soliton is split into a transmitted component and a reflected component. The transmitted mass (L^2 norm squared) is shown to be in good agreement with the quantum transmission rate of the delta function potential. We further show that the transmitted and reflected components resolve into solitons plus dispersive radiation, and quantify the mass and phase of these solitons.
description: 32 pages, 3 figures
Opto-electronic properties of alpha-In2Se3: single-layer to bulk
Creators: name: Cho, Yujin
name: Anderson, Sean M.
name: Mendoza, Bernardo S.
name: Okano, Shun
name: Carriles, Ramon
name: Arzate, N.
name: Shkrebtii, Anatoli I.
name: Wu, Di
name: Lai, Keji
name: Zahn, D. R. T.
name: Downer, M. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, we report linear and non-linear spectroscopic measurements of chemically-grown layered (from one to 37 quintuple layers) and bulk alpha-In2Se3 samples over a photon energy range of 1.0--4 eV, and compare with ab initio density functional theory calculations, including bandstructures and G0W0 calculations.
description: 10 pages, 7 figures
Transformable computing for MPEG video coding
Creators: name: Chow, Hoi Au Stephen
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: The dynamical reconfigurability of FPGAs permits real-time modification of application specific integrated circuits without complicated fabrication process. The power of reconfigurable hardware has been recently utilized to achieve a new type of high performance computer architecture known as Transformable Computing. The real-time reconfigurability and highly customizable hardware of transformable computing systems are especially suited to multimedia applications which often involve computations with widely varying processing and communication requirements. In this thesis, an FPGA-based transformable computing system has been developed for digital video (MPEG-1) processing. The thesis proposes a systematic approach for mapping complex applications (such as video processing) onto a transformable coprocessor attached to a standard workstation. Various algorithms in the MPEG-1 video processing standard, such as DCT/IDCT, Huffman coding, quantization and motion estimation, are used as implementation targets. The mapping approach uses a number of performance criteria to develop an efficient transformable coprocessor solution to video processing under hardware, software, and interface constraints. This transformable solution requires careful analysis of data movement frequency and program partitioning strategies. The transformable MPEG-1 coprocessor has been fully developed, interfaced, and tested with MPEG-1 compatible data. The results show that the transformable coprocessor can handle complex digital video coding tasks adequately. Among the different limiting factors to the coprocessor system performance, data transfer between the host system and the coprocessor, and FPGA gate density pose the most significant constraints. Although the performance enhancement achieved varies for different algorithms, the results clearly indicate the promising future of the transformable computing paradigm as a viable and powerful tool for high performance multimedia computing.
Vibration to increase or decrease strength of illusory motions
Creators: name: Teluhiko Hilano
name: Yanaka, Kazuhisa
Publisher: name: F1000Research
Year: 2015

description: The Fraser–Wilcox optical illusion (1979) is an illusory figure that is still in reality but is perceived to be moving. Kitaoka (2010) created color-dependent variants of this optical illusion. Meanwhile, Yanaka et al. (2011) pointed out that the color-dependent Fraser-Wilcox illusion is strongly perceived as an illusory motion when it is vibrated by a PC program or by hand etc. at several Hz. Under vibration via a computer, the illusion can be affected by limited frame rates and the afterimage of the computer display. With regard to vibration by hand, the challenge lies in determining stroke conditions and vibration frequency at which the strength of an optical illusion increases or decreases. In this work, we developed vibration equipment using a linear motor whose stroke and vibration frequency are set and controlled through a PC program. This equipment facilitates the observation of the effects of stroke conditions and vibration frequency. Illusory motions, such as that of the color-independent ―waterfall‖ and ―UFO‖ optical illusions of Kitaoka, which are classified as CDI, as well as drifting triangles illusion, are reinforced by the vibration that is perpendicular to an illusory motion. During vibration of the scintillating Hermann‘s grid, optical illusions become extinct.
title: Data Report: 2022 Aleutian Islands bottom trawl survey
Creators: name: von Szalay, P. G.
name: Raring, N. W.
name: Siple, M. C.
name: Dowlin, A. N.
name: Riggle, B. C.
name: Laman, E. A.
Publisher: name: Alaska Fisheries Science Center (U.S.). Resource Assessment and Conservation Engineering Division
Year: 2023

description: AFSC processed report ; 2023-07
description: This report presents data from the 2022 Aleutian Islands groundfish bottom trawl survey conducted by the Alaska Fisheries Science Center of the National Marine Fisheries Service. It contains detailed descriptions of the survey planning and operations, species distribution and abundance charts, length frequency plots, tables of estimated biomass and abundance, catch per unit effort, average weight and length estimates, length-weight regressions, lists of identified species, survey strata specifications and charts, and trawl descriptions and diagrams.
Implementing an Intensive Care Liaison Nursing Service in a Teaching Hospital in Bahrain
Creators: name: Bubodair, Fatema Khalil
Publisher: name: Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 111003 Clinical Nursing: Secondary (Acute Care)
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Education

description: Background: The Intensive Care Unit Liaison Nurse (ICU LN) service is a new role developed as a result of challenges in providing follow up to patients transferred from the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) to the general wards.Objective: To implement and determine the effectiveness of an ICU LN service in reducing patient's readmission rate to ICU and support the ward nurses’ competency in taking care of patients transferred from ICU and critically ill patients in the ward settings.Method: A mixed methods research approach was used incorporating quantitative and qualitative dimensions. The study sample included patients readmitted to ICU within 72 hours of transfer from ICU to the ward area and ward nurses taking care of patients post transferred from ICU. A one-group pretest-posttest design was also used guided by Kurt Lewin's (1951) Theory change management model to implement ICU LN service in the ICU and ward settings. Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) was used to analyze quantitative data, while Krueger’s (1994) framework was applied to analyze the qualitative data.Findings: The study reported reduction in the ICU readmission rates, patient's length of stay in ICU and an improvement of ward nurses' of competency skill post implementation of ICU LN service. Moreover, the new service redesign of patient transfer process from ICU to the wards resulted in a reduction of the total patients waiting time in ICU awaiting transfer to the wards.Conclusion: Using a model of change management in implementing the ICU LN service and changing nursing practice in both ICU and the ward setting was very challenging. The study added new insight on the importance of developing the competency and skills in ward nurses to take care of patients post transferred from ICU to the ward settings. Moreover, the LN ICU impacted on the quality of care (continuity of safe patient care) in the ward settings and contributed to patient outcomes.
Formation of ferromagnetic bulk amorphous Fe40Ni40P14B6 alloys
Creators: name: Li, Qiang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Ferromagnetic bulk amorphous Fe40Ni40P14B6 alloy rods with a diameter of 1.2 mm can be prepared by means of a rapid quenching technique. If a fluxing technique is also used, amorphous rods with a diameter as large as 2.5 mm can be synthesized. The critical cooling rate Rc for the glass formation Fe40Ni40P14B6 is estimated to be on the order of 100 K.s-1
description: 20 pages, 5 figures, 1 table
Quantum Hall Effect in Higher Dimensions, Matrix Models and Fuzzy Geometry
Creators: name: Karabali, Dimitra
name: Nair, V. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We give a brief review of quantum Hall effect in higher dimensions and its relation to fuzzy spaces. For a quantum Hall system, the lowest Landau level dynamics is given by a one-dimensional matrix action whose large $N$ limit produces an effective action describing the gauge interactions of a higher dimensional quantum Hall droplet. The bulk action is a Chern-Simons type term whose anomaly is exactly cancelled by the boundary action given in terms of a chiral, gauged Wess-Zumino-Witten theory suitably generalized to higher dimensions. We argue that the gauge fields in the Chern-Simons action can be understood as parametrizing the different ways in which the large $N$ limit of the matrix theory is taken. The possible relevance of these ideas to fuzzy gravity is explained. Other applications are also briefly discussed.
description: Invited review for Journal of Physics A; Mathematics and General, LaTeX, 43 pages
Electrodynamics and time orientability
Creators: name: Hadley, Mark J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: On spacetimes that are not time orientable we construct a U(1) bundle to measure the twisting of the time axis. This single assumption, and simple construction, gives rise to Maxwell's equations of electromagnetism, the Lorentz force law and the Einstein-Maxwell equations for electromagnetism coupled to General relativity. The derivations follow the Kaluza Klein theory, but with the constraints required for connections on a U(1) bundle rather than five spacetime dimensions. The non time orientability is seen to justify and constrain Kaluza Klein theories exactly as required to unify gravitation with electromagnetism. Unlike any other schemes, apparent net electric charges arise naturally because the direction of the electric field reverses along a time reversing path. The boundary of a time reversing region can therefore have a net electric flux and appear exactly as a region containing an electric charge. The treatment is purely classical, but motivated by links between acausal structures and quantum theory.
description: Accepted for publication by International Journal of Theoretical Physics
The Emergence of Cognition and Computation: A Physicalistic Perspective
Creators: name: Svozil, Karl
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A physicalistic argument can support the idea that cognition is an emergent property driven by dissipation. This argument suggests that cognition arises not from any fiat desire to understand the world, but rather because a certain type of cognition promotes dissipation, which is advantageous for agents seeking to increase the dissipation of resources, especially energy, in their favor. In other words, cognitive agents are better equipped to acquire physical resources and means, giving them an advantage in survival and reproduction. Similarly, the efficient use of computation can also serve as a means of dissipating energy for the computing agent. Efficiency, in this context, is not determined by moral or ethical principles, but rather by the ability to effectively aggregate resources. When used efficiently, computation becomes a powerful tool for dissipating energy and enhancing the survival and reproduction of the agent utilizing it.
description: 8 pages, 1 figure, invited contribution to "Paths to Unconventional Computing"
First Multimessenger Observations of a Neutron Star Merger
Creators: name: Margutti, Raffaella
name: Chornock, Ryan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe the first observations of the same celestial object with gravitational waves and light. * GW170817 was the first detection of a neutron star merger with gravitational waves. * The detection of a spatially coincident weak burst of $γ$-rays (GRB 170817A) 1.7 s after the merger constituted the first electromagnetic detection of a gravitational wave source and established a connection between at least some cosmic short gamma-ray bursts (SGRBs) and binary neutron star mergers. * A fast-evolving optical and near-infrared transient (AT 2017gfo) associated with the event can be interpreted as resulting from the ejection of $\sim$0.05 M$_{\odot}$ of material enriched in r-process elements, finally establishing binary neutron star mergers as at least one source of r-process nucleosynthesis. * Radio and X-ray observations revealed a long-rising source that peaked $\sim$160 d after the merger. Combined with the apparent superluminal motion of the associated VLBI source, these observations show that the merger produced a relativistic structured jet whose core was oriented $\approx$ 20 deg from the line of sight and with properties similar to SGRBs. The jet structure likely results from the jet interaction with the merger ejecta. * The electromagnetic and gravitational wave information can be combined to produce constraints on the expansion rate of the universe and the equation of state of dense nuclear matter. These multimessenger endeavors will be a major emphasis for future work.
description: Authors' version of invited review accepted by ARA&A (Volume 59); 49 pages, 12 figures, 1 table
Twisted logarithmic modules of lattice vertex algebras
Creators: name: Bakalov, Bojko
name: Sullivan, McKay
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 17B69, 81R10, 33B15

description: Twisted modules over vertex algebras formalize the relations among twisted vertex operators and have applications to conformal field theory and representation theory. A recent generalization, called twisted logarithmic module, involves the logarithm of the formal variable and is related to logarithmic conformal field theory. We investigate twisted logarithmic modules of lattice vertex algebras, reducing their classification to the classification of modules over a certain group. This group is a semidirect product of a discrete Heisenberg group and a central extension of the additive group of the lattice.
description: 41 pages; v2 fixed typos, added acknowledgements and several comments; v3 fixed typos
title: Paths of inequality migration, inter-relationships and the gender division of labour
Creators: name: Lieutaud, Marion
Publisher: name: London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE)
Year: 2021

description: International migration and modern means of transportation and communication make it easier for people to meet and form relationships across borders and national origins. The growth of academic interest in marriage migration and family migration has led to greater attention being paid to (im)migrant families and couples and the formation of mixed unions between migrants and natives. While migrant women were long overlooked in migration studies, they are now established subjects of research. However, the (re)production of gender inequalities through migration remains neglected, especially in quantitative research. This PhD research seeks to address this gap through a comparative study of migrants’ couple formation and gendered dynamics in France and the United Kingdom. Starting with a critical, historical and political examination of survey data on mixedness and migration in both countries, it investigates the difficulty and the necessity of considering migration as a gendered experience of mobility. That is, not simply who migrates or how many migrate, but how they migrate, with whom and at what point in their life. Using Understanding Society and Trajectoires et Origines data, this PhD models and weighs the complex interlocking of migration in the life course through sequences of migration and family formation, which it ultimately connects to patterns of paid and unpaid labour division between partnered women and men. Through sequence analysis, it constructs a typology of union-migration trajectories which reveals the gendered paths of migration and mixedness. These trajectories, in turn, help make sense of why, for migrant women, both migration and mixing can be associated with heightened gender-specialisation of housework and care work on the one hand, and paid work on the other. By presenting an analysis which emphasizes trajectories and intermarriage (rather than profiles and endogamous unions), this PhD offers a complex analysis of how gender relations frame migration and how migration re-defines but often entrenches gender inequalities.
Effect of entropy on the dynamics of supercooled liquids: New results from high pressure data
Creators: name: Casalini, R.
name: Roland, C. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that for arbitrary thermodynamic conditions, master curves of the entropy are obtained by expressing S(T,V) as a function of TV^g_G, where T is temperature, V specific volume, and g_G the thermodynamic Gruneisen parameter. A similar scaling is known for structural relaxation times,tau = f(TV^g); however, we find g_G < g. We show herein that this inequality reflects contributions to S(T,V) from processes, such as vibrations and secondary relaxations, that do not directly influence the supercooled dynamics. An approximate method is proposed to remove these contributions, S_0, yielding the relationship tau = f(S-S_0).
description: 10 pages 7 figures
Atomic-scale fragmentation and collapse of antiferromagnetic order in a doped Mott insulator
Creators: name: Zhao, He
name: Manna, Sujit
name: Porter, Zach
name: Chen, Xiang
name: Uzdejczyk, Andrew
name: Moodera, Jagadeesh
name: Wang, Ziqiang
name: Wilson, Stephen D.
name: Zeljkovic, Ilija
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Disentangling the relationship between the insulating state with a charge gap and the magnetic order in an antiferromagnetic (AF) Mott insulator remains difficult due to inherent phase separation as the Mott state is perturbed. Measuring magnetic and electronic properties at the atomic length scales would provide crucial insight, but this is yet to be experimentally achieved. Here we use spectroscopic-imaging spin-polarized scanning tunneling microscopy (SP-STM) to visualize periodic spin-resolved modulations originating from the AF order in a relativistic Mott insulator Sr2IrO4, and study these as a function of doping. We find that near insulator-to-metal transition (IMT), the long-range AF order melts into a fragmented state with short-range AF correlations. Crucially, we discover that the short-range AF order is locally uncorrelated with the observed spectral gap magnitude. This strongly suggests that short range AF correlations are unlikely to be the culprit behind inhomogeneous gap closing and the emergence of pseudogap regions near IMT. Our work establishes SP-STM as a powerful tool for revealing atomic-scale magnetic information in complex oxides.
description: the final version of the manuscript can be found in Nature Physics
Computing the resolvent of the sum of maximally monotone operators with the averaged alternating modified reflections algorithm
Creators: name: Artacho, F. J. Aragón
name: Campoy, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 47H05, 47J25, 65K05, 47N10

description: The averaged alternating modified reflections algorithm is a projection method for finding the closest point in the intersection of closed convex sets to a given point in a Hilbert space. In this work, we generalize the scheme so that it can be used to compute the resolvent of the sum of two maximally monotone operators. This gives rise to a new splitting method, which is proved to be strongly convergent. A standard product space reformulation permits to apply the method for computing the resolvent of a finite sum of maximally monotone operators. Based on this, we propose two variants of such parallel splitting method.
TeaNet: universal neural network interatomic potential inspired by iterative electronic relaxations
Creators: name: Takamoto, So
name: Izumi, Satoshi
name: Li, Ju
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: A universal interatomic potential for an arbitrary set of chemical elements is urgently needed in computational materials science. Graph convolution neural network (GCN) has rich expressive power, but previously was mainly employed to transport scalars and vectors, not rank $\ge 2$ tensors. As classic interatomic potentials were inspired by tight-binding electronic relaxation framework, we want to represent this iterative propagation of rank $\ge 2$ tensor information by GCN. Here we propose an architecture called the tensor embedded atom network (TeaNet) where angular interaction is translated into graph convolution through the incorporation of Euclidean tensors, vectors and scalars. By applying the residual network (ResNet) architecture and training with recurrent GCN weights initialization, a much deeper (16 layers) GCN was constructed, whose flow is similar to an iterative electronic relaxation. Our traning dataset is generated by density functional theory calculation of mostly chemically and structurally randomized configurations. We demonstrate that arbitrary structures and reactions involving the first 18 elements on the periodic table (H to Ar) can be realized satisfactorily by TeaNet, including C-H molecular structures, metals, amorphous SiO${}_2$, and water, showing surprisingly good performance (energy mean absolute error 19 meV/atom) and robustness for arbitrary chemistries involving elements from H to Ar.
description: Revision: Add detailed network description
An operadic approach to vertex algebra and Poisson vertex algebra cohomology
Creators: name: Bakalov, Bojko
name: De Sole, Alberto
name: Heluani, Reimundo
name: Kac, Victor G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 17B69 (Primary), 18D50, 17B65, 17B63, 17B80 (Secondary)

description: We translate the construction of the chiral operad by Beilinson and Drinfeld to the purely algebraic language of vertex algebras. Consequently, the general construction of a cohomology complex associated to a linear operad produces a vertex algebra cohomology complex. Likewise, the associated graded of the chiral operad leads to a classical operad, which produces a Poisson vertex algebra cohomology complex. The latter is closely related to the variational Poisson cohomology studied by two of the authors.
description: 72 pages, in the second version we corrected the part related to the cohomology of the free boson (Sec.11.3) and some other minor errors
DTM-based Filtrations
Creators: name: Anai, Hirokazu
name: Chazal, Frédéric
name: Glisse, Marc
name: Ike, Yuichi
name: Inakoshi, Hiroya
name: Tinarrage, Raphaël
name: Umeda, Yuhei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Computational Geometry (cs.CG)
subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Despite strong stability properties, the persistent homology of filtrations classically used in Topological Data Analysis, such as, e.g. the Cech or Vietoris-Rips filtrations, are very sensitive to the presence of outliers in the data from which they are computed. In this paper, we introduce and study a new family of filtrations, the DTM-filtrations, built on top of point clouds in the Euclidean space which are more robust to noise and outliers. The approach adopted in this work relies on the notion of distance-to-measure functions, and extends some previous work on the approximation of such functions.
description: Abel Symposia, Springer, In press, Topological Data Analysis
How not to obtain the redshift distribution from probabilistic redshift estimates: Under what conditions is it not inappropriate to estimate the redshift distribution N(z) by stacking photo-z PDFs?
Creators: name: Malz, Alex I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The scientific impact of current and upcoming photometric galaxy surveys is contingent on our ability to obtain redshift estimates for large numbers of faint galaxies. In the absence of spectroscopically confirmed redshifts, broad-band photometric redshift point estimates (photo-$z$s) have been superseded by photo-$z$ probability density functions (PDFs) that encapsulate their nontrivial uncertainties. Initial applications of photo-$z$ PDFs in weak gravitational lensing studies of cosmology have obtained the redshift distribution function $\mathcal{N}(z)$ by employing computationally straightforward stacking methodologies that violate the laws of probability. In response, mathematically self-consistent models of varying complexity have been proposed in an effort to answer the question, "What is the right way to obtain the redshift distribution function $\mathcal{N}(z)$ from a catalog of photo-$z$ PDFs?" This letter aims to motivate adoption of such principled methods by addressing the contrapositive of the more common presentation of such models, answering the question, "Under what conditions do traditional stacking methods successfully recover the true redshift distribution function $\mathcal{N}(z)$?" By placing stacking in a rigorous mathematical environment, we identify two such conditions: those of perfectly informative data and perfectly informative prior information. Stacking has maintained its foothold in the astronomical community for so long because the conditions in question were only weakly violated in the past. These conditions, however, will be strongly violated by future galaxy surveys. We therefore conclude that stacking must be abandoned in favor of mathematically supported methods in order to advance observational cosmology.
description: accepted to Phys Rev D
Convergence of CI single center calculations of positron-atom interactions
Creators: name: Mitroy, J.
name: Bromley, M. W. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Configuration Interaction (CI) method using orbitals centered on the nucleus has recently been applied to calculate the interactions of positrons interacting with atoms. Computational investigations of the convergence properties of binding energy, phase shift and annihilation rate with respect to the maximum angular momentum of the orbital basis for the e^+Cu and PsH bound states, and the e^+-H scattering system were completed. The annihilation rates converge very slowly with angular momentum, and moreover the convergence with radial basis dimension appears to be slower for high angular momentum. A number of methods of completing the partial wave sum are compared, an approach based on a Delta X_J = a/(J + 1/2)^n + b/(J + 1/2)^(n+1) form (with n = 4 for phase shift (or energy) and n = 2 for the annihilation rate) seems to be preferred on considerations of utility and underlying physical justification.
description: 23 pages preprint RevTeX, 11 figures, submitted to PRA
Author’s reply to David Elms’ discussion of ‘Practical wisdom in an age of computerization'
Creators: name: Blockley, David
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Author’s reply to David Elms’ discussion of ‘Practical wisdom in an age of computerization'
An investigation of a potential carrying capacity of coho and chinook salmon in the Georgia Strait
Creators: name: Mountain, Scot Alexander
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Stable or decreasing catches in conjunction with increasing hatchery releases have suggested decreasing marine survival rates for populations of Pacific salmon (Oncorhynchus sp.) in the Georgia Strait. I examined the possibility that a carrying capacity is imposing limits on the populations of coho (Onchorhynchus kisutch) and chinook (Oncorhynchus tshawytschd) salmon. Two investigations were carried out; the first involved an examination of the impact that juvenile salmon have on their food supply. The second used a computer model to predict the possible results that a hatchery based fisheries manipulation might produce under different experimental protocols. The feeding study suggested that juvenile salmon might be having, a much greater impact on their available food supply than has previously been suspected. Overall, it was estimated that chinook and coho together consume an average of 4% to 6% of their main foods daily. If these impacts are taken together with those of other species, this suggests that a carrying capacity might well be important. A hatchery manipulation experiment is one obvious way to test for a marine survival limit as implied by a carrying capacity. Using a metagaming approach to model such an experiment, insights were obtained into how it could be performed most efficiently. The results suggest that, depending on the required outcome, it would be advisable to maintain current exploitation rates of both coho and chinook stocks during such an experiment. Other factors that would favor a rapid conclusion to the experiment are extreme as opposed to conservative manipulations, and minimal attempts to rebuild stocks through other means. However, even if these recommendations are heeded, the model suggests that a hatchery experiment might need to be a long term project. With reductions in hatchery releases as high as 75% every second year, average times to produce conclusive results were on the order of a decade or more.
Recovering the homology of immersed manifolds
Creators: name: Tinarrage, Raphaël
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Computational Geometry (cs.CG)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 55N31, 53C42, 53C20, 49Q15, 49Q22, 68U05

description: Given a sample of an abstract manifold immersed in some Euclidean space, we describe a way to recover the singular homology of the original manifold. It consists in estimating its tangent bundle -- seen as subset of another Euclidean space -- in a measure theoretic point of view, and in applying measure-based filtrations for persistent homology. The construction we propose is consistent and stable, and does not involve the knowledge of the dimension of the manifold. In order to obtain quantitative results, we introduce the normal reach, which is a notion of reach suitable for an immersed manifold.
description: Journal version
Silicon Sensors implemented on p-type substrates for high radiation resistance applications
Creators: name: Artuso, Marina
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Silicon based micropattern detectors are essential elements of modern high energy physics experiments. Cost effectiveness and high radiation resistance are two important requirements for technologies to be used in inner tracking devices. Processes based on p-type substrates have very strong appeal for these applications. Recent results and prototype efforts under way are reviewed.
description: 7 pages, 2 figures; invited paper at Vertex 2006, Perugia, Italy, september 2006
Low-dimensional description for ensembles of identical phase oscillators subject to Cauchy noise
Creators: name: Tönjes, Ralf
name: Pikovsky, Arkady
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study an ensembles of globally coupled or forced identical phase oscillators subject to independent white Cauchy noise. We demonstrate, that if the oscillators are forced in several harmonics, stationary synchronous regimes can be exactly described with a finite number of complex order parameters. The corresponding distribution of phases is a product of wrapped Cauchy distributions. For sinusoidal forcing, the Ott-Antonsen low-dimensional reduction is recovered.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures
title: National Status And Trends, Mussel Watch Program : A 2017 Assessment of Contaminants of Emerging Concern in the Gulf of Mexico
Creators: name: Swam, Lauren M.
name: Rider, Mary M.
name: Apeti, Dennis A.
name: Pisarski, Emily
Publisher: name: National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science (U.S.)
Year: 2023

description: NOAA technical memorandum NOS NCCOS ; 323
description: In 2017, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Mussel Watch Program (MWP) conducted an assessment of the presence, distribution, and concentrations of contaminants of emerging concern (CECs) in Eastern Oysters (Crassostrea virginica) from the Gulf of Mexico's coastal waters. The MWP utilizes a sentinel-based monitoring approach by collecting and analyzing bivalves as surrogates for coastal water pollution. Mussels and oysters are sessile organisms that filter and accumulate particles from water; therefore, measuring contaminant levels in their tissue is a good indicator of local chemical contamination. The oyster samples collected as part of the 2017 assessment were analyzed for alkylphenol compounds (APs), alternative flame retardants (AFRs), polybrominated flame retardants (BFRs) such as polybrominated biphenyls (PBBs) and polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), current-use pesticides (CUPs), per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), and pharmaceutical and personal care products (PPCPs). Oyster tissue samples from 44 monitoring sites across the Gulf Coasts of Florida, Alabama, Mississippi, Louisiana, and Texas were analyzed in this study for a total of 13 - 244 individual CEC compounds, depending on the site location.
Dynamical Signatures of Chaos to Integrability Crossover in $2\times 2$ Generalized Random Matrix Ensembles
Creators: name: Das, Adway Kumar
name: Ghosh, Anandamohan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce a two-parameter ensemble of generalized $2\times 2$ real symmetric random matrices called the $β$-Rosenzweig-Porter ensemble (\brpe), parameterized by $β$, a fictitious inverse temperature of the analogous Coulomb gas model, and $γ$, controlling the relative strength of disorder. \brpe\ encompasses RPE from all of the Dyson's threefold symmetry classes: orthogonal, unitary and symplectic for $β=1,2,4$. Firstly, we study the energy correlations by calculating the density and 2nd moment of the Nearest Neighbor Spacing (NNS) and robustly quantify the crossover among various degrees of level repulsions. Secondly, the dynamical properties are determined from an exact calculation of the temporal evolution of the fidelity enabling an identification of the characteristic Thouless and the equilibration timescales. The relative depth of the correlation hole in the average fidelity serves as a dynamical signature of the crossover from chaos to integrability and enables us to construct the phase diagram of \brpe\ in the $γ$-$β$ plane. Our results are in qualitative agreement with numerically computed fidelity for $N\gg2$ matrix ensembles. Furthermore, we observe that for large $N$ the 2nd moment of NNS and the relative depth of the correlation hole exhibit a second order phase transition at $γ=2$.
Anomalous Resistance Ridges Along Filling Factor $ν= 4i$
Creators: name: Takashina, K.
name: Brun, M.
name: Ota, T.
name: Maude, D. K.
name: Fujiwara, A.
name: Ono, Y.
name: Takahashi, Y.
name: Hirayama, Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report anomalous structure in the magnetoresistance of SiO$_2$/Si(100)/SiO$_2$ quantum wells. When Landau levels of opposite valleys are driven through coincidence at the Fermi level, the longitudinal resistance displays elevations at filling factors that are integer multiples of 4 $(ν=4i)$ accompanied by suppression on either side of $ν=4i$. This persists when either magnetic field or valley splitting is swept leading to resistance ridges running along $ν=4i$. The range of field over which they are observed points to the role of spin degeneracy, which is directly confirmed by their disappearance under in-plane magnetic field. The data suggest a new type of many-body effect due to the combined degeneracy of valley and spin.
description: Accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. Lett