cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Interfacial fluctuations near the critical filling transition
Creators: name: Bednorz, A.
name: Napiorkowski, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a method to describe the short-distance behavior of an interface fluctuating in the presence of the wedge-shaped substrate near the critical filling transition. Two different length scales determined by the average height of the interface at the wedge center can be identified. On one length scale the one-dimensional approximation of Parry et al. \cite{Parry} which allows to find the interfacial critical exponents is extracted from the full description. On the other scale the short-distance fluctuations are analyzed by the mean-field theory.
description: 13 pages, 3 figures
A Genome-Wide Association Study of Upper Aerodigestive Tract Cancers Conducted within the INHANCE Consortium
Creators: name: Simonato, Lorenzo
name: Merletti, Franco
name: Janout, Vladimir
name: Bouchardy, Christine
name: Chuang, Shu-Chun
name: Lissowska, Jolanta
name: Bucur, Alexandru
name: Trichopoulos, Dimitrios
name: Zaridze, David
name: Canova, Cristina
name: McKay, James D.
name: Ahrens, Wolfgang
name: Holcatova, Ivana
name: Macfarlane, Gary J.
name: Barzan, Luigi
name: Chabrier, Amelie
name: Richiardi, Lorenzo
name: Agudo, Antonio
name: Lagiou, Pagona
name: Bencko, Vladimir
name: Benhamou, Simone
name: Rudnai, Peter
name: Macfarlane, Tatiana V.
name: Szeszenia-Dabrowska, Neonila
name: Byrnes, Graham
name: Shangina, Oxana
name: Talamini, Renato
name: Foretova, Lenka
name: Kjaerheim, Kristina
name: Gaborieau, Valerie
name: Truong, Therese
name: Fabianova, Eleonora
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have been successful in identifying common genetic variation involved in susceptibility to etiologically complex disease. We conducted a GWAS to identify common genetic variation involved in susceptibility to upper aero-digestive tract (UADT) cancers. Genome-wide genotyping was carried out using the Illumina HumanHap300 beadchips in 2,091 UADT cancer cases and 3,513 controls from two large European multi-centre UADT cancer studies, as well as 4,821 generic controls. The 19 top-ranked variants were investigated further in an additional 6,514 UADT cancer cases and 7,892 controls of European descent from an additional 13 UADT cancer studies participating in the INHANCE consortium. Five common variants presented evidence for significant association in the combined analysis (p≤5×10−7). Two novel variants were identified, a 4q21 variant (rs1494961, p = 1×10−8) located near DNA repair related genes HEL308 and FAM175A (or Abraxas) and a 12q24 variant (rs4767364, p = 2×10−8) located in an extended linkage disequilibrium region that contains multiple genes including the aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2) gene. Three remaining variants are located in the ADH gene cluster and were identified previously in a candidate gene study involving some of these samples. The association between these three variants and UADT cancers was independently replicated in 5,092 UADT cancer cases and 6,794 controls non-overlapping samples presented here (rs1573496-ADH7, p = 5×10−8; rs1229984-ADH1B, p = 7×10−9; and rs698-ADH1C, p = 0.02). These results implicate two variants at 4q21 and 12q24 and further highlight three ADH variants in UADT cancer susceptibility.
Gerris kahli Drake & Harris 1934
Creators: name: Kment, Petr
name: Kolínová, Zdislava
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2013
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Gerridae
Gerris
Gerris kahli

description: Gerris kahli Drake & Harris, 1934
 Gerris kahli Drake & Harris, 1934: 185, 199–200 (original description, key).
One paratype is deposited in NMPC:
PARATYPE (J apter.):‘Elvecia near / Mt.Turumquire, / Sucre,Venez. / G. Netting.[p] // Jan.[p] 22 [hw] / 19[p]30[hw] // Carn. Mus. / Acc. [p] 8696 [hw] // J [p] // PARATYPE [p] / Gerris / kahli / D & H [hw, red label]’.
 Current status. Junior synonym of Eurygerris fuscinervis Berg, 1898 (see MORALES- CASTAÑO & MOLANO- RENDÓN 2010, DAMGAARD et al. in press).
description: Published as part of Kment, Petr & Kolínová, Zdislava, 2013, Catalogue of type specimens of true bugs (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) deposited in the National Museum, Prague, Czech Republic, pp. 821-890 in Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 53 (2) on page 866, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5740731
Eurymetra manengolensis Hoberlandt 1952
Creators: name: Kment, Petr
name: Kolínová, Zdislava
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2013
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Gerridae
Eurymetra
Eurymetra manengolensis

description: Eurymetra manengolensis Hoberlandt, 1952
 Eurymetra manengolensis Hoberlandt, 1952b: 1–3, Figs 1 –5 (original description).
The holotype is deposited in NMPC:
HOLOTYPE (♀ apter.): ‘ Manengole / 800 m, IV. 49 / Cameroun / lgt. Tesárek [hw] // Holotypus [p, red label] // Holotypus [p] ♀ / Eurymetra / manengolensis n. sp. [hw] / Det. L. Hoberlandt, 19[p]50 [hw, red label]’.
 Current status. Valid species: Eurymetropsiella manengolensis (Hoberlandt, 1952) (see POISSON 1965b, LINNAVUORI 1981).
description: Published as part of Kment, Petr & Kolínová, Zdislava, 2013, Catalogue of type specimens of true bugs (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) deposited in the National Museum, Prague, Czech Republic, pp. 821-890 in Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 53 (2) on page 867, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5740731
Orientational pinning of quantum Hall striped phase
Creators: name: Takhtamirov, E. E.
name: Volkov, V. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In ultra-clean 2D electron systems on (001) GaAs/AlGaAs upon filling high Landau levels, it was recently observed a new class of collective states, which can be related to the spontaneous formation of a charge density wave (``striped phase''). We address to the following unsolved problem: what is the reason for stripe pinning along the crystallographic direction [110]? It is shown that in a single heterojunction (001) III-V the effective mass of 2D electrons is anisotropic. This natural anisotropy is due to the reduced (C_{2v}) symmetry of the heterojunction and, even being weak (0.1 percent), can govern the stripe direction. A magnetic field parallel to the interface induces ``magnetic'' anisotropy of the effective mass. The competition of these two types of anisotropy provides quantitative description of the experiment.
description: 4 pages, LaTeX
Additional file 1 of Iron deficiency at birth and risk of hidden hearing loss in infants modification by socioeconomic status: mother-newborn cohort in Shenyang, China
Creators: name: Hao, Shuai
name: Song, Wei
name: Kong, Fanxue
name: Yue, Xinxin
name: Meng, Xinlei
name: Chen, Hongyan
name: Han, Yunyan
name: Yu, Fei
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: Hematology

description: Supplementary Material 1.
Form factors and decoupling of matter fields in four-dimensional gravity
Creators: name: Franchino-Viñas, Sebastián A.
name: Netto, Tibério de Paula
name: Shapiro, Ilya L.
name: Zanusso, Omar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We extend previous calculations of the non-local form factors of semiclassical gravity in $4D$ to include the Einstein-Hilbert term. The quantized fields are massive scalar, fermion and vector fields. The non-local form factor in this case can be seen as the sum of a power series of total derivatives, but it enables us to derive the beta function of Newton's constant and formally evaluate the decoupling law in the new sector, which turns out to be the standard quadratic one.
description: 17 pages, 2 figures; v2: improved the discussion of section 2
Unexpected scenario of glass transition in polymer globules: an exactly enumerable model
Creators: name: Du, Rose
name: Grosberg, Alexander Yu.
name: Tanaka, Toyoichi
name: Rubinstein, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce a lattice model of glass transition in polymer globules. This model exhibits a novel scenario of ergodicity breaking in which the disjoint regions of phase space do not arise uniformly, but as small chambers whose number increases exponentially with polymer density. Chamber sizes obey power law distribution, making phase space similar to a fractal foam. This clearly demonstrates the importance of the phase space geometry and topology in describing any glass-forming system, such as semicompact polymers during protein folding.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures
Correction: Identification, Replication, and Fine-Mapping of Loci Associated with Adult Height in Individuals of African Ancestry
Creators: name: Fox, Caroline
name: Britton, Angela
name: Hu, Jennifer J.
name: Ambrosone, Christine B.
name: Atwood, Larry
name: Demerath, Ellen
name: Palmer, Cameron D.
name: John, Esther M.
name: Chanock, Stephen J.
name: Adoue, VÃ©ronique
name: Ding, Jingzhong
name: Keating, Brendan
name: Boerwinkle, Eric
name: Deming, Sandra L.
name: Tayo, Bamidele
name: N'Diaye, Amidou
name: Johnson, Craig
name: Nalls, Michael A.
name: Ge, Bing
name: Bernstein, Leslie
name: Harris, Tamara B.
name: Diver, W. Ryan
name: Casey, Graham
name: Berndt, Sonja I.
name: Mathias, Rasika A.
name: Blot, William J.
name: Chen, Gary K.
name: Becker, Lewis C.
name: Bandera, Elisa V.
name: Ingles, Sue A.
name: Hernandez, Dena G.
name: Adeyemo, Adebowale
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: Adult height is a classic polygenic trait of high heritability (h 2 ∼0.8). More than 180 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), identified mostly in populations of European descent, are associated with height. These variants convey modest effects and explain ∼10% of the variance in height. Discovery efforts in other populations, while limited, have revealed loci for height not previously implicated in individuals of European ancestry. Here, we performed a meta-analysis of genome-wide association (GWA) results for adult height in 20,427 individuals of African ancestry with replication in up to 16,436 African Americans. We found two novel height loci (Xp22-rs12393627, P = 3.4×10−12 and 2p14-rs4315565, P = 1.2×10−8). As a group, height associations discovered in European-ancestry samples replicate in individuals of African ancestry (P = 1.7×10−4 for overall replication). Fine-mapping of the European height loci in African-ancestry individuals showed an enrichment of SNPs that are associated with expression of nearby genes when compared to the index European height SNPs (P<0.01). Our results highlight the utility of genetic studies in non-European populations to understand the etiology of complex human diseases and traits.
Correction: Protein Phosphatase 2A Controls Ethylene Biosynthesis by Differentially Regulating the Turnover of ACC Synthase Isoforms
Creators: name: DeLong, Alison
name: Yoon, Gyeong Mee
name: Skottke, Kyle R.
name: Kieber, Joseph J.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: The gaseous hormone ethylene is one of the master regulators of development and physiology throughout the plant life cycle. Ethylene biosynthesis is stringently regulated to permit maintenance of low levels during most phases of vegetative growth but to allow for rapid peaks of high production at developmental transitions and under stress conditions. In most tissues ethylene is a negative regulator of cell expansion, thus low basal levels of ethylene biosynthesis in dark-grown seedlings are critical for optimal cell expansion during early seedling development. The committed steps in ethylene biosynthesis are performed by the enzymes 1-aminocyclopropane 1-carboxylate synthase (ACS) and 1-aminocyclopropane 1-carboxylate oxidase (ACO). The abundance of different ACS enzymes is tightly regulated both by transcriptional control and by post-translational modifications and proteasome-mediated degradation. Here we show that specific ACS isozymes are targets for regulation by protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) during Arabidopsis thaliana seedling growth and that reduced PP2A function causes increased ACS activity in the roots curl in 1-N-naphthylphthalamic acid 1 (rcn1) mutant. Genetic analysis reveals that ethylene overproduction in PP2A-deficient plants requires ACS2 and ACS6, genes that encode ACS proteins known to be stabilized by phosphorylation, and proteolytic turnover of the ACS6 protein is retarded when PP2A activity is reduced. We find that PP2A and ACS6 proteins associate in seedlings and that RCN1-containing PP2A complexes specifically dephosphorylate a C-terminal ACS6 phosphopeptide. These results suggest that PP2A-dependent destabilization requires RCN1-dependent dephosphorylation of the ACS6 C-terminus. Surprisingly, rcn1 plants exhibit decreased accumulation of the ACS5 protein, suggesting that a regulatory phosphorylation event leads to ACS5 destabilization. Our data provide new insight into the circuitry that ensures dynamic control of ethylene synthesis during plant development, showing that PP2A mediates a finely tuned regulation of overall ethylene production by differentially affecting the stability of specific classes of ACS enzymes.
Fermionic Integrals and Analytic Solutions for Two-Dimensional Ising Models
Creators: name: Plechko, V. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We review some aspects of the fermionic interpretation of the two-dimensional Ising model. The use is made of the notion of the integral over the anticommuting Grassmann variables. For simple and more complicated 2D Ising lattices, the partition function can be expressed as a fermionic Gaussian integral. Equivalently, the 2D Ising model can be reformulated as a free-fermion theory on a lattice. For regular lattices, the analytic solution then readily follows by passing to the momentum space for fermions. We also comment on the effective field-theoretical (continuum-limit) fermionic formulations for the 2D Ising models near the critical point.
description: LaTeX, 14 pages, no figures
Coherent spin control of s-, p-, d- and f-electrons in a silicon quantum dot
Creators: name: Leon, R. C. C.
name: Yang, C. H.
name: Hwang, J. C. C.
name: Lemyre, J. Camirand
name: Tanttu, T.
name: Huang, W.
name: Chan, K. W.
name: Tan, K. Y.
name: Hudson, F. E.
name: Itoh, K. M.
name: Morello, A.
name: Laucht, A.
name: Pioro-Ladriere, M.
name: Saraiva, A.
name: Dzurak, A. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Once the periodic properties of elements were unveiled, chemical bonds could be understood in terms of the valence of atoms. Ideally, this rationale would extend to quantum dots, often termed artificial atoms, and quantum computation could be performed by merely controlling the outer-shell electrons of dot-based qubits. Imperfections in the semiconductor material, including at the atomic scale, disrupt this analogy between atoms and quantum dots, so that real devices seldom display such a systematic many-electron arrangement. We demonstrate here an electrostatically-defined quantum dot that is robust to disorder, revealing a well defined shell structure. We observe four shells (31 electrons) with multiplicities given by spin and valley degrees of freedom. We explore various fillings consisting of a single valence electron -- namely 1, 5, 13 and 25 electrons -- as potential qubits, and we identify fillings that yield a total spin-1 on the dot. An integrated micromagnet allows us to perform electrically-driven spin resonance (EDSR). Higher shell states are shown to be more susceptible to the driving field, leading to faster Rabi rotations of the qubit. We investigate the impact of orbital excitations of the p- and d-shell electrons on single qubits as a function of the dot deformation. This allows us to tune the dot excitation spectrum and exploit it for faster qubit control. Furthermore, hotspots arising from this tunable energy level structure provide a pathway towards fast spin initialisation. The observation of spin-1 states may be exploited in the future to study symmetry-protected topological states in antiferromagnetic spin chains and their application to quantum computing.
Additional file 1 of Cost-effectiveness of intraoperative radiation therapy versus intensity-modulated radiation therapy for the treatment of early breast cancer: a disinvestment analysis
Creators: name: Muñoz-Montecinos, Carlos
name: González-Browne, Catalina
name: Maza, Felipe
name: Carreño-Leiton, Diego
name: González, Pablo
name: Chahuan, Badir
name: Quirland, Camila
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Supplementary Material 1
Current distribution in Hall bars and breakdown of the quantum Hall effect
Creators: name: Shizuya, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A numerical study is made of current distribution in small Hall bars with disorder. It is observed, in particular, that in the Hall-plateau regime the Hall current tends to concentrate near the sample edges while it diminishes on average in the sample interior as a consequence of localization. Also reported is another numerical experiment on a related, but rather independent topic, the breakdown of the quantum Hall effect. It is pointed out that the competition of the Hall field with disorder in the sample interior, an intra-subband process, can account for both the magnitude and magnetic-field dependence (proportional to B^{3/2}) of the critical breakdown fields observed experimentally.
description: 6 pages, Revtex, 3 figures, ep2ds-13
Potamometra macrokosos Drake & Hoberlandt 1965
Creators: name: Kment, Petr
name: Kolínová, Zdislava
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2013
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Gerridae
Potamometra
Potamometra macrokosos

description: Potamometra macrokosos Drake & Hoberlandt, 1965
 Potamometra macrokosos Drake & Hoberlandt, 1965: 304, 306, 308–309, Figs 2b, 3e–f (original description, key).
One paratype is deposited in NMPC:
PARATYPE (J apter.): ‘Suisape, 1000 M. / Lichuan Distr. / W. Hupeh, China / VIII-[p] 6 [hw] -48 [p] // Gressitt & / Djou Collrs. // J [p] // Paratype [p] / Potamometra / macrocola [sic!] / Drake [hw, red label]’.
 Current status. Valid species (see CHEN & ANDERSEN 1993, ANDERSEN 1995).
description: Published as part of Kment, Petr & Kolínová, Zdislava, 2013, Catalogue of type specimens of true bugs (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) deposited in the National Museum, Prague, Czech Republic, pp. 821-890 in Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 53 (2) on page 867, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5740731
Random walks in the space of conformations of toy proteins
Creators: name: Du, Rose
name: Grosberg, Alexander Yu.
name: Tanaka, Toyoichi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Quantitative Biology (q-bio)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Monte Carlo dynamics of the lattice 48 monomers toy protein is interpreted as a random walk in an abstract (discrete) space of conformations. To test the geometry of this space, we examine the return probability $P(T)$, which is the probability to find the polymer in the native state after $T$ Monte Carlo steps, provided that it starts from the native state at the initial moment. Comparing computational data with the theoretical expressions for $P(T)$ for random walks in a variety of different spaces, we show that conformational spaces of polymer loops may have non-trivial dimensions and exhibit negative curvature characteristic of Lobachevskii (hyperbolic) geometry.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures
Palladin Mutation Causes Familial Pancreatic Cancer and Suggests a New Cancer Mechanism
Creators: name: Dowen, Sally
name: Moyes, Kara White
name: Otey, Carol A
name: George, Ryan D
name: Bronner, Mary P
name: Crispin, David A
name: Crnogorac-Jurcevic, Tatjana
name: Whitcomb, David C
name: Chen, Ru
name: Brentnall, Teresa A
name: Pogue-Geile, Kay L
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2006

description: Pancreatic cancer is a deadly disease. Discovery of the mutated genes that cause the inherited form(s) of the disease may shed light on the mechanism(s) of oncogenesis. Previously we isolated a susceptibility locus for familial pancreatic cancer to chromosome location 4q32–34. In this study, our goal was to discover the identity of the familial pancreatic cancer gene on 4q32 and determine the function of that gene.
Magnetic skyrmion lattices in heavy fermion superconductor UPt3
Creators: name: Knigavko, A.
name: Rosenstein, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Topological analysis of nearly SO(3)_{spin} symmetric Ginzburg--Landau theory, proposed for UPt$_{3}$ by Machida et al, shows that there exists a new class of solutions carrying two units of magnetic flux: the magnetic skyrmion. These solutions do not have singular core like Abrikosov vortices and at low magnetic fields they become lighter for strongly type II superconductors. Magnetic skyrmions repel each other as $1/r$ at distances much larger then the magnetic penetration depth $λ$, forming a relatively robust triangular lattice. The magnetic induction near $H_{c1}$ is found to increase as $(H-H_{c1})^{2}$. This behavior agrees well with experiments.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures, 2 column format; v2:misprint in the title is corrected
Sensitivity of vortex pairing and mixing to initial perturbations in stratified shear flows
Creators: name: Dong, Wenjing
name: Tedford, Edmund W.
name: Rahmani, Mona
name: Lawrence, Gregory A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The effects of different initial perturbations on the evolution of stratified shear flows that are subject to Kelvin-Helmholtz instability and vortex pairing have been investigated through Direct Numerical Simulation (DNS). The effects of purely random perturbations of the background flow are sensitive to the phase of the subharmonic component of the perturbation that has a wavelength double that of the Kelvin-Helmholtz instability. If the phase relationship between the Kelvin-Helmholtz mode and its subharmonic mode is optimal, or close to it, vortex pairing occurs. Vortex paring is delayed when there is a phase difference, and this delay increases with increasing phase difference. In three dimensional simulations vortex pairing is suppressed if the phase difference is sufficiently large, reducing the amount of mixing and mixing efficiency. For a given phase difference close enough to the optimal phase, the response of the flow to eigenvalues perturbations is very similar to the response to random perturbations. In addition to traditional diagnostics, we show quantitatively that a non-modal Fourier component in a random perturbation quickly evolves to be modal and describe the process of vortex pairing using Lagrangian trajectories.
H_c_3 for a thin-film superconductor with a ferromagnetic dot
Creators: name: Cheng, Sa-Lin
name: Fertig, H. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the effect of a ferromagnetic dot on a thin-film superconductor. We use a real-space method to solve the linearized Ginzburg-Landau equation in order to find the upper critical field, H_c_3. We show that H_c_3 is crucially dependent on dot composition and geometry, and may be significantly greater than H_c_2. H_c_3 is maximally enhanced when (1) the dot saturation magnetization is large, (2) the ratio of dot thickness to dot diameter is of order one, and (3) the dot thickness is large.
Quantifying the uncertainty of variance partitioning estimates of ecological datasets
Creators: name: Fischer, Matthias M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: An important objective of experimental biology is the quantification of the relationship between predictor and response variables, a statistical analysis often termed variance partitioning (VP). In this paper, a series of simulations is presented, aiming to generate quantitative estimates of the expected statistical uncertainty of VP analyses. We demonstrate scenarios with considerable uncertainty in VP estimates, such that it significantly reduces the statistical reliability of the obtained results. Especially when a predictor variable of a dataset shows a low between-group variance, VP estimates may show a high margin of error. This becomes particularly important when the respective predictor variable only explains a small fraction of the overall variance, or the number of replicates is particularly small. Moreover, it is demonstrated that the expected error of VP estimates of a dataset can be approximated by bootstrap resampling, giving researchers a tool for the quantification of the uncertainty associated with an arbitrary VP analysis. The applicability of this method is demonstrated by a re-analysis of the Oribatid mite dataset introduced by Borcard and Legendre in 1994 and the Barro Colorado Island tree count dataset by Condit and colleagues. We believe that this study may encourage biologists to approach routine statistical analyses such as VP more critically, and report the error associated with them more frequently.
description: 19 pages, 7 figures
False negative results for eosinophils in the 00-19E (Build 5) Information Processing Unit version of automated hematology analyzer sysmex XN series
Creators: name: Yajuan Shen
name: Qifeng Lu
name: Ruidan Chen
name: Xixian Yang
name: Hanyue Zhang
name: Lu, Chao
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: False negative results for eosinophils in the 00-19E (Build 5) Information Processing Unit version of automated hematology analyzer sysmex XN series
Statistical Analysis of Genealogical Trees for Polygamic Species
Creators: name: Rios, Paolo De Los
name: Pla, Oscar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Quantitative Biology (q-bio)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Repetitions within a given genealogical tree provides some information about the degree of consanguineity of a population. They can be analyzed with techniques usually employed in statistical physics when dealing with fixed point transformations. In particular we show that the tree features strongly depend on the fractions of males and females in the population, and also on the offspring probability distribution. We check different possibilities, some of them relevant to human groups, and compare them with simulations.
description: 2 eps figs, Fig.2 changed to meet cond-mat size criteria
Rheumatobates clanis Drake & Harris 1932
Creators: name: Kment, Petr
name: Kolínová, Zdislava
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2013
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Gerridae
Rheumatobates
Rheumatobates clanis

description: Rheumatobates clanis Drake & Harris, 1932
 Rheumatobates clanis Drake & Harris, 1932: 157−158 (original description).
Five paratypes are deposited in NMPC:
 PARATYPES (2 JJ apter.): ‘Rio Grande / British Honduras / Nov. 1931 [p] // PARATYPE [p] / Rheumatobates / clanis / D+H [hw, red label] // J [p] // PARATYPUS / RHEUMATOBATES / CLANIS / Drake & Harris, 1932 / labelled: P. KMENT 2013 [p, red label]’.
PARATYPE (♀ apter.): ‘Rio Grande / British Honduras / Nov. 1931 [p] // PARATYPE [p] / Rheumatobates / clanis / D+H [hw, red label] // ♀ [p]’.
 PARATYPES (2 ♀♀ apter.): ‘Rio Grande / British Honduras / Nov. 1931 [p] // PARATYPE [p] / Rheumatobates / clanis / D+H [hw, red label] // ♀ [p] // PARATYPUS / RHEUMATOBATES / CLANIS / Drake & Harris, 1932 / labelled: P. KMENT 2013 [p, red label]’.
 Current status. Valid species (see SMITH 1988b, CASTRO- VARGAS & MORALES- CASTAÑO 2011).
description: Published as part of Kment, Petr & Kolínová, Zdislava, 2013, Catalogue of type specimens of true bugs (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) deposited in the National Museum, Prague, Czech Republic, pp. 821-890 in Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 53 (2) on page 868, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5740731
The properties of merging black holes and neutron stars across cosmic time
Creators: name: Mapelli, Michela
name: Giacobbo, Nicola
name: Santoliquido, Filippo
name: Artale, M. Celeste
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The next generation ground-based gravitational wave interferometers will possibly observe mergers of binary black holes (BBHs) and binary neutron stars (BNSs) to redshift $z\gtrsim{}10$ and $z\gtrsim{}2$, respectively. Here, we characterize the properties of merging BBHs, BNSs and neutron star-black hole binaries across cosmic time, by means of population-synthesis simulations combined with the Illustris cosmological simulation. We find that the mass of merging compact objects does not depend (or depends very mildly) on the merger redshift. Even the mass distribution of black holes depends only mildly on redshift, because BBHs originating from metal-poor progenitors ($Z\leq{}4\times{}10^{-3}$) dominate the entire population of merging BBHs across cosmic time. For a common-envelope efficiency $α\ge{}3$, the main difference between the mass distribution of BBHs merging in the last Gyr and that of BBHs merging more than 11 Gyr ago is that there is an excess of heavy merging black holes ($20-35$ M$_\odot$) in the last Gyr. This excess is explained by the longer delay time of massive BBHs.
description: 13 pages, 11 figures, 3 tables, MNRAS, in press. Fixed typo in Figure 9
Correction: In-Depth Analysis of the Antibody Response of Individuals Exposed to Primary Dengue Virus Infection
Creators: name: Lanzavecchia, Antonio
name: Sallusto, Federica
name: de Alwis, Ruklanthi
name: Kraus, Annette
name: Sukupolvi-Petty, Soila
name: Wang, Wei-Kung
name: Baric, Ralph
name: Brian, James
name: Tsai, Wen-Yang
name: Diamond, Michael S.
name: Olivarez, Nicholas P.
name: Pham, Quang
name: Kliks, Srisakul
name: Beltramello, Martina
name: Halstead, Scott
name: Wahala, Wahala M. P. B.
name: Messer, William B.
name: de Silva, Aravinda M.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: Humans who experience a primary dengue virus (DENV) infection develop antibodies that preferentially neutralize the homologous serotype responsible for infection. Affected individuals also generate cross-reactive antibodies against heterologous DENV serotypes, which are non-neutralizing. Dengue cross-reactive, non-neutralizing antibodies can enhance infection of Fc receptor bearing cells and, potentially, exacerbate disease. The actual binding sites of human antibody on the DENV particle are not well defined. We characterized the specificity and neutralization potency of polyclonal serum antibodies and memory B-cell derived monoclonal antibodies (hMAbs) from 2 individuals exposed to primary DENV infections. Most DENV-specific hMAbs were serotype cross-reactive and weakly neutralizing. Moreover, many hMAbs bound to the viral pre-membrane protein and other sites on the virus that were not preserved when the viral envelope protein was produced as a soluble, recombinant antigen (rE protein). Nonetheless, by modifying the screening procedure to detect rare antibodies that bound to rE, we were able to isolate and map human antibodies that strongly neutralized the homologous serotype of DENV. Our MAbs results indicate that, in these two individuals exposed to primary DENV infections, a small fraction of the total antibody response was responsible for virus neutralization.
Telmatometra indentata Kenaga 1941
Creators: name: Kment, Petr
name: Kolínová, Zdislava
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2013
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Gerridae
Telmatometra
Telmatometra indentata

description: Telmatometra indentata Kenaga, 1941
 Telmatometra indentata Kenaga, 1941: 173, 179−180, 183, Figs 2a− c (original description, key).
Three paratypes deposited in NMPC:
PARATYPES (2 JJ apter.): ‘ Bolivia S. A. / R. Beni Cachuela / Esperanza 9-37 / A. M. Olalla [p] // J [p, yellow label] // P A R A T Y P E / Telmatometra / indentata / Eugena Kenaga [p, blue label]’.
PARATYPE (♀ apter.): ‘ Bolivia S. A. / R. Beni Cachuela / Esperanza 9-37 / A. M. Olalla [p] // ♀ [p] // P A R A T Y P E / Telmatometra / indentata / Eugena Kenaga [p, blue label]’.
 Current status. Valid species (see MATSUDA 1960; POLHEMUS & POLHEMUS 1995b, 2002; HECKMAN 2011).
description: Published as part of Kment, Petr & Kolínová, Zdislava, 2013, Catalogue of type specimens of true bugs (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) deposited in the National Museum, Prague, Czech Republic, pp. 821-890 in Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 53 (2) on page 870, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5740731
NLRC4 and TLR5 Each Contribute to Host Defense in Respiratory Melioidosis
Creators: name: Skerrett, Shawn J.
name: West, T. Eoin
name: Chantratita, Narisara
name: Miao, Edward A.
name: Limmathurotsakul, Direk
name: Wuthiekanun, Vanaporn
name: Liggitt, H. Denny
name: Chierakul, Wirongrong
name: Myers, Nicolle D.
name: Peacock, Sharon J.
name: Hajjar, Adeline M.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: Burkholderia pseudomallei causes the tropical infection melioidosis. Pneumonia is a common manifestation of melioidosis and is associated with high mortality. Understanding the key elements of host defense is essential to developing new therapeutics for melioidosis. As a flagellated bacterium encoding type III secretion systems, B. pseudomallei may trigger numerous host pathogen recognition receptors. TLR5 is a flagellin sensor located on the plasma membrane. NLRC4, along with NAIP proteins, assembles a canonical caspase-1-dependent inflammasome in the cytoplasm that responds to flagellin (in mice) and type III secretion system components (in mice and humans). In a murine model of respiratory melioidosis, Tlr5 and Nlrc4 each contributed to survival. Mice deficient in both Tlr5 and Nlrc4 were not more susceptible than single knockout animals. Deficiency of Casp1/Casp11 resulted in impaired bacterial control in the lung and spleen; in the lung much of this effect was attributable to Nlrc4, despite relative preservation of pulmonary IL-1β production in Nlrc4−/− mice. Histologically, deficiency of Casp1/Casp11 imparted more severe pulmonary inflammation than deficiency of Nlrc4. The human NLRC4 region polymorphism rs6757121 was associated with survival in melioidosis patients with pulmonary involvement. Co-inheritance of rs6757121 and a functional TLR5 polymorphism had an additive effect on survival. Our results show that NLRC4 and TLR5, key components of two flagellin sensing pathways, each contribute to host defense in respiratory melioidosis.
Noise Stabilization of Self-Organized Memories
Creators: name: Povinelli, M. L.
name: Coppersmith, S. N.
name: Kadanoff, L. P.
name: Nagel, S. R.
name: Venkataramani, S. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate a nonlinear dynamical system which ``remembers'' preselected values of a system parameter. The deterministic version of the system can encode many parameter values during a transient period, but in the limit of long times, almost all of them are forgotten. Here we show that a certain type of stochastic noise can stabilize multiple memories, enabling many parameter values to be encoded permanently. We present analytic results that provide insight both into the memory formation and into the noise-induced memory stabilization. The relevance of our results to experiments on the charge-density wave material $NbSe_3$ is discussed.
description: 29 pages, 6 figures, submitted to Physical Review E
Lactobacillus plantarum ITM21B fermentation product and chickpea flour enhance the nutritional profile of salt reduced bakery products
Creators: name: Mariaelena Di Biase
name: Bavaro, Anna Rita
name: S. Lisa Lonigro
name: Pontonio, Erica
name: Conte, Amalia
name: Padalino, Lucia
name: Minisci, Andrea
name: Lavermicocca, Paola
name: Valerio, Francesca
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: The study aimed at improving the nutritional profile of yeast leavened salt reduced sliced bread and puccia type bread fortified with a wheat-based Lactobacillus plantarum ITM21B fermentation product (Bio21B). The protein content of bread made under laboratory conditions was increased by using: (i) chickpea flour (CF) (15% wt/wt flour) and Bio21B or (ii) the Bio21B containing a fungal protease to favour the gluten hydrolysis. Products showed increased protein and total amino acid content and improved protein digestibility. Moreover, the formula significantly affected the protein pattern of breads which, according to the results of the microfluidic two-dimensional electrophoresis (μ2DE) protein pattern, were discriminated as observed by the PCA plot. The use of CF was validated at industrial pilot plant producing salt reduced sliced bread and puccia type bread. The resulting products showed improved nutritional profile and a sensory quality comparable to the company’s products containing salt.
Additional file 1 of Attitudes of the Portuguese population towards advance directives: an online survey
Creators: name: Macedo, João Carlos
name: Castro, Luísa
name: Nunes, Rui
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Supplementary Material 1
Pump Built-in Hamiltonian Method for Pump-Probe Spectroscopy
Creators: name: Inoue, Jun-ichi
name: Shimizu, Akira
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a new method of calculating nonlinear optical responses of interacting electronic systems. In this method, the total Hamiltonian (system + system-pump interaction) is transformed into a different form that (apparently) does not have a system-pump interaction. The transformed Hamiltonian, which we call the pump built-in Hamiltonian, has parameters that depend on the strength of the pump beam. Using the pump built-in Hamiltonian, we can calculate nonlinear responses (responses to probe beams as a function of the pump beam) by applying the {\em linear} response theory. We demonstrate the basic idea of this new method by applying it to a one-dimensional, two-band model, in the case the pump excitation is virtual (coherent excitation). We find that the exponent of the Fermi edge singularity varies with the pump intensity.
description: 6 pages
Sugary Soda Consumption and Albuminuria: Results from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1999–2004
Creators: name: Kshirsagar, Abhijit
name: Shoham, David A.
name: Durazo-Arvizu, Ramon
name: Kramer, Holly
name: Vupputuri, Suma
name: Luke, Amy
name: Cooper, Richard S.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: BackgroundEnd-stage renal disease rates rose following widespread introduction of high fructose corn syrup in the American diet, supporting speculation that fructose harms the kidney. Sugar-sweetened soda is a primary source of fructose. We therefore hypothesized that sugary soda consumption was associated with albuminuria, a sensitive marker for kidney disease.Methodology/Principal FindingsDesign was a cross-sectional analysis. Data were drawn from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), 1999–2004. The setting was a representative United States population sample. Participants included adults 20 years and older with no history of diabetes mellitus (n = 12,601); after exclusions for missing outcome and covariate information (n = 3,243), the analysis dataset consisted of 9,358 subjects. Exposure was consumption of two or more sugary soft drinks, based on 24-hour dietary recall. The main outcome measure was Albuminuria, defined by albumin to creatinine ratio cutpoints of >17 mg/g (males) and >25 mg/g (females). Logistic regression adjusted for confounders (diet soda, age, race-ethnicity, gender, poverty). Interactions between age, race-ethnicity, gender, and overweight-obesity were explored. Further analysis adjusted for potential mediators: energy intake, basal metabolic rate, obesity, hypertension, lipids, serum uric acid, smoking, energy expenditure, and glycohemoglobin. Alternative soda intake definitions and cola consumption were employed.ResultsWeighted albuminuria prevalence was 11%, and 17% consumed 2+ sugary soft drinks/day. The confounder-adjusted odds ratio for sugary soda was 1.40 (95% confidence interval: 1.13, 1.74). Associations were modified by gender (p = 0.008) and overweight-obesity (p = 0.014). Among women, the OR was 1.86 (95% CI: 1.37, 2.53); the OR among males was not significant. In the group with body mass under 25 kg/m2, OR = 2.15 (95% confidence interval: 1.42, 3.25). Adjustment for potential mediators and use of alternative definitions of albuminuria and soda consumption did not appreciably change results. Diet sodas were not associated with albuminuria.ConclusionsFindings suggest that sugary soda consumption may be associated with kidney damage, although moderate consumption of 1 or fewer sodas does not appear to be harmful. Additional studies are needed to assess whether HFCS itself, overall excess intake of sugar, or unmeasured lifestyle and confounding factors are responsible.
Modulation of the Intestinal Microbiota Alters Colitis-Associated Colorectal Cancer Susceptibility
Creators: name: Jones, Gieira S.
name: Mühlbauer, Marcus
name: Jobin, Christian
name: Herfarth, Hans H.
name: Rubinas, Tara C.
name: Uronis, Joshua M.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: It is well established that the intestinal microbiota plays a key role in the pathogenesis of Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) collectively referred to as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Epidemiological studies have provided strong evidence that IBD patients bear increased risk for the development of colorectal cancer (CRC). However, the impact of the microbiota on the development of colitis-associated cancer (CAC) remains largely unknown. In this study, we established a new model of CAC using azoxymethane (AOM)-exposed, conventionalized-Il10−/− mice and have explored the contribution of the host intestinal microbiota and MyD88 signaling to the development of CAC. We show that 8/13 (62%) of AOM-Il10−/− mice developed colon tumors compared to only 3/15 (20%) of AOM- wild-type (WT) mice. Conventionalized AOM-Il10−/− mice developed spontaneous colitis and colorectal carcinomas while AOM-WT mice were colitis-free and developed only rare adenomas. Importantly, tumor multiplicity directly correlated with the presence of colitis. Il10−/− mice mono-associated with the mildly colitogenic bacterium Bacteroides vulgatus displayed significantly reduced colitis and colorectal tumor multiplicity compared to Il10−/− mice. Germ-free AOM-treated Il10−/− mice showed normal colon histology and were devoid of tumors. Il10−/−; Myd88−/− mice treated with AOM displayed reduced expression of Il12p40 and Tnfα mRNA and showed no signs of tumor development. We present the first direct demonstration that manipulation of the intestinal microbiota alters the development of CAC. The TLR/MyD88 pathway is essential for microbiota-induced development of CAC. Unlike findings obtained using the AOM/DSS model, we demonstrate that the severity of chronic colitis directly correlates to colorectal tumor development and that bacterial-induced inflammation drives progression from adenoma to invasive carcinoma.
Characteristic scales of Townsend's wall attached eddies
Creators: name: Lozano-Durán, Adrián
name: Bae, Hyunji Jane
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Townsend (1976) proposed a structural model for the logarithmic layer (log-layer) of wall turbulence at high Reynolds numbers, where the dominant momentum-carrying motions are organised into a multi-scale population of eddies attached to the wall. In the attached eddy framework, the relevant length and velocity scales of the wall-attached eddies are the friction velocity and the distance to the wall. In the present work, we hypothesise that the momentum-carrying eddies are controlled by the mean momentum flux and mean shear with no explicit reference to the distance to the wall and propose new characteristic velocity, length, and time scales consistent with this argument. Our hypothesis is supported by direct numerical simulation (DNS) of turbulent channel flows driven by non-uniform body forces and modified mean velocity profiles, where the resulting outer-layer flow structures are substantially altered to accommodate the new mean momentum transfer. The proposed scaling is further corroborated by simulations where the no-slip wall is replaced by a Robin boundary condition for the three velocity components, allowing for substantial wall-normal transpiration at all lengths scales. We show that the outer-layer one-point statistics and spectra of this channel with transpiration agree quantitatively with those of its wall-bounded counterpart. The results reveal that the wall-parallel no-slip condition is not required to recover classic wall-bounded turbulence far from the wall and, more importantly, neither is the impermeability condition at the wall.
description: Section 3 revised, typos corrected