cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Bell-type inequalities for non-local resources
Creators: name: Brunner, Nicolas
name: Scarani, Valerio
name: Gisin, Nicolas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present bipartite Bell-type inequalities which allow the two partners to use some non-local resource. Such inequality can only be violated if the parties use a resource which is more non-local than the one permitted by the inequality. We introduce a family of N-inputs non-local machines, which are generalizations of the well-known PR-box. Then we construct Bell-type inequalities that cannot be violated by strategies that use one these new machines. Finally we discuss implications for the simulation of quantum states.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures
MOESM2 of Acceptability of a herd immunity-focused, transmission-blocking malaria vaccine in malaria-endemic communities in the Peruvian Amazon: an exploratory study
Creators: name: White, Sara
name: Harvey, Steven
name: Meza, Graciela
name: Llanos, Alejandro
name: Guzman, Mitchel
name: Dionicia Gamboa
name: Vinetz, Joseph
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 2. All responses to survey question #18: why people would or would not be willing to receive or allow their children to be vaccinated with a vaccine that confers no personal protection (a TBV).
Stress-energy tensor of quantized massive fields in static wormhole spacetimes
Creators: name: Kocuper, Ewa
name: Matyjasek, Jerzy
name: Zwierzchowska, Kasia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In order to be traversable, the static Lorentzian wormhole must be made out of some exotic matter that violates the weak energy condition. The quantized fields are the natural candidates as their stress-energy tensor, in many cases, possesses desired properties. In this paper we construct and examine the stress-energy tensor of the quantized massive scalar, spinor and vector fields in six static wormhole spacetimes. We find that in all considered cases the quantum fields violate the Morris-Thorne conditions and do not have the form necessary to support the wormhole throat. This is in concord with the previous results and indicates that the massive quantum fields make the wormholes less operable.
description: Matches published version
Ein großer Krieg macht dicke Bücher
Creators: name: Kümper, Hiram
Publisher: name: Zeitarbeit: Aus- und Weiterbildungszeitschrift für die Geschichtswissenschaften
Year: 2019

description: 2018 ist ein großes Jubiläumsjahr der Kriege gewesen. Erstaunlicherweise ist der Beginn des Dreißigjährigen Krieges dabei nicht so sehr von der Erinnerung an das Ende des Ersten Weltkrieges überschattet worden, wie es viele wohl angenommen hätten. Tatsächlich ist eine Flut von neuen Titeln auf den Markt gekommen, wurde viel getagt und sind auch zahlreiche, wenngleich meist eher kleinere Ausstellungen eröffnet worden. Diese Sammelrezension soll eine Orientierung über die Neuerscheinungen des Jubiläumsjahres geben.
description: Zeitarbeit: Aus- und Weiterbildungszeitschrift für die Geschichtswissenschaften, Bd. 1 (2019)
Lattice monopole action in pure SU(3) QCD
Creators: name: Yamagishi, K.
name: Kitahara, S.
name: Suzuki, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We obtain an almost perfect monopole action numerically after abelian projection in pure SU(3) lattice QCD. Performing block-spin transformations on the dual lattice, the action fixed depends only on a physical scale b. Monopole condensation occurs for large b region. The numerical results show that two-point monopole interactions are dominant for large b. We next perform the block-spin transformation analytically in a simplified case of two-point monopole interactions with a Wilson loop on the fine lattice. The perfect operator evaluating the static quark potential on the coarse b-lattice are derived. The monopole partition function can be transformed into that of the string model. The static potential and the string tension are estimated in the string model framework. The rotational invariance of the static potential is recovered, but the string tension is a little larger than the physical one.
description: 21pages,4figures,to be published in JHEP
Vanishing in Fractal Space: Thermal Melting and Hydrodynamic Collapse
Creators: name: Phan, Trung V.
name: Cai, Truong H.
name: Do, Van H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Fractals emerge everywhere in nature, exhibiting intricate geometric complexities through the self-organizing patterns that span across multiple scales. Here, we investigate beyond steady-states the interplay between this geometry and the vanishing dynamics, through phase-transitional thermal melting and hydrodynamic void collapse, within fractional continuous models. We present general analytical expressions for estimating vanishing times with their applicability contingent on the fractality of space. We apply our findings on the fractal environments crucial for plant growth: natural soils. We focus on the transport phenomenon of cavity shrinkage in incompressible fluid, conducting a numerical study beyond the inviscid limit. We reveal how a minimal collapsing time can emerge through a non-trivial coupling between the fluid viscosity and the surface fractal dimension.
Entropy and multifractality in ring-like and jet-like events produced in 11.6A GeV/c $^{197}$Au-AgBr collisions
Creators: name: Ali, Bushra
name: Singh, Sweta
name: Chandra, Anuj
name: Ahmad, Shakeel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Physical quantities such as, entropy, dimensions and multifractal characteristics of multiplicity distributions of charged particles produced in $^{197}$Au-AgBr collisions are examined and the findings are compared with the predictions of Monte Carlo model URQMD (Ultra-Relativistic Quantum Molecular Dynamics) and HIJING (Heavy Ion Jet INteraction Generator) and also with the results reported earlier in hadron-hadron and nucleus-nucleus collisions at different energies. Based on their azimuth distribution, the charged particles produced within narrow-bins exhibit two kinds of substructures, namely, ring-like and jet-like substructures. Thus, on applying the suitable criteria the two different types of events are identified and analyzed separately. It is observed that the maximum entropy production occurs around a narrow mid-rapidity region. The analyses of ring-like and jet-like events suggest that the entropy production is much larger in ring-like events as compared to that in jet-like events. Furthermore, Renyi's order-q information entropy is used to estimate the multifractal specific heat and to construct the spectrum of scaling indices. The findings reveal that the value of multifractal specific heat is higher in ring-like events as compared to that in jet-like events. The studies of generalized dimension and multifractal spectrum indicate that the multifractality is rather, more pronounced in ring-like events as compared to jet-like events. Various features of the experimental data are noticed to be nicely reproduced by the URQMD model
description: Accepted for Publication in IJMPE
Variational Study of Fermionic and Bosonic Systems with Non-Gaussian States: Theory and Applications
Creators: name: Shi, Tao
name: Demler, Eugene
name: Cirac, J. Ignacio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a new variational method for investigating the ground state and out of equilibrium dynamics of quantum many-body bosonic and fermionic systems. Our approach is based on constructing variational wavefunctions which extend Gaussian states by including generalized canonical transformations between the fields. The key advantage of such states compared to simple Gaussian states is presence of non-factorizable correlations and the possibility of describing states with strong entanglement between particles. In contrast to the commonly used canonical transformations, such as the polaron or Lang-Firsov transformations, we allow parameters of the transformations to be time dependent, which extends their regions of applicability. We derive equations of motion for the parameters characterizing the states both in real and imaginary time using the differential structure of the variational manifold. The ground state can be found by following the imaginary time evolution until it converges to a steady state. Collective excitations in the system can be obtained by linearizing the real-time equations of motion in the vicinity of the imaginary time steady-state solution. Our formalism allows us not only to determine the energy spectrum of quasiparticles and their lifetime, but to obtain the complete spectral functions and to explore far out of equilibrium dynamics such as coherent evolution following a quantum quench. We illustrate and benchmark this framework with several examples: a single polaron in the Holstein and Su-Schrieer-Heeger models, non-equilibrium dynamics in the spin-boson and Kondo models, the superconducting to charge density wave phase transitions in the Holstein model.
description: 45 pages, 14 figures
Warum sprechen momentan eigentlich alle über's Meer?
Creators: name: Eckl, Andreas
name: Elvert, Jürgen
name: Koller, Markus
name: Kümper, Hiram
name: North, Michael
name: Richenberger, Ursula
Publisher: name: Zeitarbeit: Aus- und Weiterbildungszeitschrift für die Geschichtswissenschaften
Year: 2019

description: Das Meer ist in aller Munde. Nicht nur, aber sicher auch der Tagespresse wegen, die uns regelmäßig mit neuen furchtbaren Bildern von humanitären Katastrophen oder von besorgniserregenden Interventionen in der Golfregion versorgen. Das Meer hat Historiker*innen schon lange fasziniert. Fernand Braudels großem Klassiker über die Méditerranée (1949) haben sich gerade in den letzten Jahrzehnten zahlreiche große und unüberschaubar viele kleine Studien an die Seite gesellt. Die Mediterranistik ist mittlerweile im deutschen Sprachraum ein etabliertes Fach, die Ozeane dagegen noch immer eher ein Feld, das von der anglo- und frankophonen Forschung dominiert wird. Im Feature dieser Ausgabe haben wir Expert*innen, die sich in unterschiedlichen Kontexten mit den historischen Dimensionen des Meeres beschäftigen, die Frage gestellt, warum das Meer eigentlich momentan so ein großes Thema ist.
description: Zeitarbeit: Aus- und Weiterbildungszeitschrift für die Geschichtswissenschaften, Bd. 1 (2019)
Additional file 1: of Comparison of the fecal microbiota of domestic commercial meat, laboratory, companion, and shelter rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculi)
Creators: name: Kylie, Jennifer
name: J. Weese
name: Turner, Patricia
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Table S1. Relative abundance of predominant (≥ 1%) taxonomic classifications of bacteria isolated from the feces of domestic rabbits (n = 168). (DOCX 14 kb)
An Analytic Form for the Effective Lagrangian of QED and its Application to Pair Production and Photon Splitting
Creators: name: Heyl, Jeremy S.
name: Hernquist, Lars
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive an analytic form for the Heisenberg-Euler Lagrangian in the limit where the component of the electric field parallel to the magnetic field is small. We expand these analytic functions to all orders in the field strength ($F_{μν}F^{μν}$) in the limits of weak and strong fields, and use these functions to estimate the pair-production rate in arbitrarily strong electric fields and the photon-splitting rate in arbitrarily strong magnetic fields.
description: ReVTeX, 9 pages, 4 figures, to be published in Phys. Rev. D
Optical properties of Born-Infeld-dilaton-Lifshitz holographic superconductors
Creators: name: Zangeneh, M. Kord
name: Hashemi, S. S.
name: Dehyadegari, A.
name: Sheykhi, A.
name: Wang, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we first study the Lifshitz-dilaton holographic superconductors with nonlinear Born-Infeld (BI) gauge field and obtain the critical temperature of the system for different values of Lifshitz dynamical exponent, $z$, and nonlinear parameter $b$. We find that for fixed value of $b$, the critical temperature decreases with increasing $z$. This indicates that the increase of anisotropy between space and time prevents the phase transition. Also, for fixed value of $z$, the critical temperature decrease with increasing $b$. Then, we investigate the optical properties of ($2+1$) and ($3+1$)-dimensional BI-Lifshitz holographic superconductors in the the presence of dilaton field. We explore the refractive index of the system. For $z=1$ and $(2+1)$-dimensional holographic superconductor, we observe negative real part for permittivity $\textrm{Re}[ε]$ as frequency $ω$ decreases. Thus, in low frequency region our superconductor exhibit metamaterial property. This behaviour is independent of the nonlinear parameter and can be seen for either linear ($b=0$) and nonlinear ($b\neq 0$) electrodynamics. Interestingly, for ($3+1$)-dimensional Lifshitz-dilaton holographic superconductors, we observe metamaterial behavior neither in the presence of linear nor nonlinear electrodynamics.
description: 11 pages, 9 figures (including subfigures), some references added in V2
Intermodulation distortion of actuated MEMS capacitive switches
Creators: name: Luo, Xi
name: Ning, Yaqing
name: Molinero, David
name: Palego, Cristiano
name: Hwang, James CM
name: Goldsmith, Charles L
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: For the first time, intermodulation distortion of micro-electromechanical capacitive switches in the actuated state was analyzed both theoretically and experimentally. The distortion, although higher than that of switches in the suspended state, was found to decrease with increasing bias voltage but to depend weakly on modulation frequencies between 55 kHz and 1.1 MHz. This dependence could be explained by the orders-of-magnitude increase of the spring constant when the switches were actuated. Additionally, the analysis suggested that increasing the spring constant and decreasing the contact roughness could improve the linearity of actuated switches. These results are critical to micro-electromechanical capacitive switches used in tuners, filters, phase shifters, etc. where the linearity of both suspended and actuated states are critical.
The H II Region/PDR Connection: Self-Consistent Calculations of Physical Conditions in Star-Forming Regions
Creators: name: Abel, N. P.
name: Ferland, G. J.
name: Shaw, G.
name: van Hoof, P. A. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have performed a series of calculations designed to reproduce infrared diagnostics used to determine physical conditions in star forming regions. We self-consistently calculate the thermal and chemical structure of an H II region and photodissociation region (PDR) that are in pressure equilibrium. This differs from previous work, which used separate calculations for each gas phase. Our calculations span a wide range of stellar temperatures, gas densities, and ionization parameters. We describe improvements made to the spectral synthesis code Cloudy that made these calculations possible. These include the addition of a molecular network with ~1000 reactions involving 68 molecular species and improved treatment of the grain physics. Data from the Spitzer First Look Survey, along with other archives, are used to derive important physical characteristics of the H II region and PDR. These include stellar temperatures, electron densities, ionization parameters, UV radiation flux, and PDR density. Finally, we calculate the contribution of the H II region to PDR emission line diagnostics, which allows for a more accurate determination of physical conditions in the PDR.
description: 60 pages, 35 figures, to be published in the Astrophysical Journal. Version with full resolution is available at http://www.pa.uky.edu/~nicholas/hii_pdr_high_res.pdf
Dynamics of a strongly coupled quantum heat engine -- computing bath observables from the hierarchy of pure states
Creators: name: Boettcher, Valentin
name: Hartmann, Richard
name: Beyer, Konstantin
name: Strunz, Walter T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a fully quantum dynamical treatment of a quantum heat engine and its baths based on the Hierarchy of Pure States (HOPS), an exact and general method for open quantum system dynamics. We show how the change of the bath energy and the interaction energy can be determined within HOPS, for arbitrary coupling strength and smooth time dependence of the modulation protocol. The dynamics of all energetic contributions during the operation can be carefully examined both, in its initial transient phase and also later, in its periodic steady state. A quantum Otto engine with a qubit as inherently nonlinear work medium is studied in a regime where the energy associated with the interaction Hamiltonian plays an important role for the global energy balance and, thus, must not be neglected when calculating its power and efficiency. We confirm that the work required to drive the coupling with the baths depends sensitively on the speed of the modulation protocol. Remarkably, departing from the conventional scheme of well-separated phases by allowing for temporal overlap, we discover that one can even gain energy from the modulation of the bath interactions. We visualize these various work contributions using the analogue of state change diagrams of thermodynamic cycles. We offer a concise, full presentation of HOPS with its extension to bath observables, as it serves as a universal tool for the numerically exact description of general quantum dynamical (thermodynamic) scenarios far from the weak-coupling limit.
description: 8 figures
Low-energy Spectra of Gamma-ray Bursts from Cooling Electrons
Creators: name: Geng, Jin-Jun
name: Huang, Yong-Feng
name: Wu, Xue-Feng
name: Zhang, Bing
name: Zong, Hong-Shi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The low-energy spectra of gamma-ray bursts' (GRBs) prompt emission are closely related to the energy distribution of electrons, which is further regulated by their cooling processes. We develop a numerical code to calculate the evolution of the electron distribution with given initial parameters, in which three cooling processes (i.e., adiabatic, synchrotron and inverse Compton cooling) and the effect of decaying magnetic field are coherently considered. A sequence of results are presented by exploring the plausible parameter space for both the fireball and the Poynting-flux-dominated regime. Different cooling patterns for the electrons can be identified and they are featured by a specific dominant cooling mechanism. Our results show that the hardening of the low-energy spectra can be attributed to the dominance of synchrotron self-Compton cooling within the internal shock model, or to decaying synchrotron cooling within the Poynting-flux-dominated jet scenario. These two mechanisms can be distinguished by observing the hard low-energy spectra of isolated short pulses in some GRBs. The dominance of adiabatic cooling can also lead to hard low-energy spectra when the ejecta is moving at an extreme relativistic speed. The information from the time-resolved low-energy spectra can help to probe the physical characteristics of the GRB ejecta via our numerical results.
description: 39 pages, 26 figures, accepted by The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series
Saturation of fidelity in the atom-optics kicked rotor
Creators: name: Wimberger, Sandro
name: Buchleitner, Andreas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that the quantum fidelity is accessible to cold atom experiments for a large class of evolutions in periodical potentials, properly taking into account the experimental initial conditions of the atomic ensemble. We prove analytically that, at the fundamental quantum resonances of the atom-optics kicked rotor, the fidelity saturates at a constant, time-independent value after a small number of kicks. The latter saturation arises from the bulk of the atomic ensemble, whilst for the resonantly accelerated atoms the fidelity is predicted to decay slowly according to a power law.
Cosmology from a new non-conservative gravity
Creators: name: Fabris, Júlio C.
name: Velten, Hermano
name: Caramês, Thiago R. P.
name: Lazo, Matheus J.
name: Frederico, Gastão S. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we present a cosmological model arising from a non-conservative gravitational theory proposed in [PRD 95, 101501(R) (2017)]. The novel feature where comparing with previous implementations of dissipative effects in gravity is the possible arising of such phenomena from a least action principle, so they are of a purely geometric nature. We derive the dynamical equations describing the behaviour of the cosmic background, considering a single fluid model composed by pressureles matter, whereas the dark energy is conceived as an outcome of the "geometric" dissipative process emerging in the model. Besides, adopting the synchronous gauge we obtain the first-order perturbative equations which shall describe the evolution of the matter perturbations within the linear regime.
description: 8 pages, 2 figures; version enriched with more discussion, graphs were improved and new references added. To appear in IJMPD
MOESM1 of Cardiopulmonary bypass reduces myocardial oxidative stress, inflammation and increases c-kit+CD45− cell population in newborns
Creators: name: Petersen, Johannes
name: Kazakov, Andrey
name: Böhm, Michael
name: Hans-Joachim Schäfers
name: Laufs, Ulrich
name: Abdul-Khaliq, Hashim
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1. (1) Information letter to patients and parents, (2) consent form for anonymous publication, participation & storage of medical data and (3) tissue sample form.
Substantial extracellular metabolic differences found between phylogenetically closely related probiotic and pathogenic strains of Escherichia coli.
Creators: name: Hooft, Justin JJ Van Der
name: Goldstone, Robert J
name: Harris, Susan
name: Burgess, Karl EV
name: Smith, David GE
Publisher: name: The Francis Crick Institute
Year: 2020
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Since its first isolation a century ago, the gut inhabitant Escherichia coli strain Nissle 1917 has been shown to have probiotic activities; however, it is yet not fully elucidated which differential factors play key roles in its beneficial interactions with the host. To date, no metabolomics studies have been reported investigating the potential role of small molecules in functional strain differentiation of Nissle from its genetically close neighbors. Here, we present results of liquid chromatography coupled to high-resolution mass spectrometry characterization of extracellular metabolomes of E. coli strains as a proxy of their bioactivity potential. We found that phylogroup B2 strains exported a more diverse arsenal of metabolites than strains of other phylogroups. Zooming into the phylogroup B2 metabolome identified consistent substantial differences between metabolic output of E. coli Nissle and other strains, particularly in metabolites associated to the Argimine biosynthesis pathway. Nissle was found to release higher levels of Ornithine and Citrulline whilst depleting greater amounts of Arginine from the medium. Moreover, a novel Nissle-specific metabolite not reported before in bacteria, 5-(Carbamoylamino)-2-hydroxypentanoic acid (Citrulline/Arginic Acid related) was observed. Finally, Nissle, CFT073 and NCTC12241/ATCC25922 shared the excretion of N5-Acetylornithine, whereas other strains released N2-Acetylornithine or no N-Acetylornithine at all. Thus, we found substantial metabolic differences in phylogenetically very similar E. coli strains, an observation which suggests that it is justified to further investigate roles of small molecules as potential modulators of the gut environment by probiotic, commensal, and pathogenic strains, including E. coli Nissle 1917.
A Strong X-Ray Burst from the Low Mass X-Ray Binary EXO0748-676
Creators: name: Wolff, Michael T.
name: Becker, Peter A.
name: Ray, Paul S.
name: Wood, Kent S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have observed an unusually strong X-ray burst as a part of our regular eclipse timing observations of the low mass binary system EXO0748-676. The burst peak flux was 5.2x10^-8 ergs cm^-2 s^-1, approximately five times the normal peak X-ray burst flux observed from this source by RXTE. Spectral fits to the data strongly suggest that photospheric radius expansion occurred during the burst. In this Letter we examine the properties of this X-ray burst, which is the first example of a radius expansion burst from EXO0748-676 observed by RXTE. We find no evidence for coherent burst oscillations. Assuming that the peak burst luminosity is the Eddington luminosity for a 1.4 solar mass neutron star we derive a distance to EXO0748-676 of 7.7 kpc for a helium-dominated burst photosphere and 5.9 kpc for a hydrogen-dominated burst photosphere.
description: 15 pages including 2 figures and 1 table. Accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal
Report regarding valuation of satellite images for evapotranspiration estimation
Creators: name: Vanino, Silvia
name: Nino, Pasquale
name: Pulighe, Giuseppe
name: Nizza, Giuliana
name: Falanga Bolognesi, Salvatore
name: De Michele, Carlo
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2015

description: IRMA project aims at developing innovative and new service capacities within the Earthmonitoring program GMES1 for the broad agricultural user community of both rainy andirrigated agriculture and sustainable food production, in accordance with the vision ofbridging and integrating sustainable development and economic competitiveness.The objective of the activities 6.3.3 is to estimate crop evapotranspiration (ETp) by usingLandsat 8 and RapidEye satellite data in combination with meteorological data and fieldmeasurements and by adopting the FAO-56 (Allen, 1998) approach in two study area, one inItaly (Apulia Region) and one in Greece (Region of Epirus). The accurate estimation ofevapotranspiration is needed to improve irrigation efficiency and to achieve water savings,with special concern in arid and semi-arid climatic conditions. Among other techniques, theanalysis of remote sensing data in relation to crop water requirements and irrigationscheduling has become a topic of increasing research attention in recent years, either by usingsatellite-based spectral indices either by investigating the relationships between energyfluxes, spectral reflectance and crop coefficients.
Can we Soft Prompt LLMs for Graph Learning Tasks?
Creators: name: Liu, Zheyuan
name: He, Xiaoxin
name: Tian, Yijun
name: Chawla, Nitesh V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Graph plays an important role in representing complex relationships in real-world applications such as social networks, biological data and citation networks. In recent years, Large Language Models (LLMs) have achieved tremendous success in various domains, which makes applying LLMs to graphs particularly appealing. However, directly applying LLMs to graph modalities presents unique challenges due to the discrepancy and mismatch between the graph and text modalities. Hence, to further investigate LLMs' potential for comprehending graph information, we introduce GraphPrompter, a novel framework designed to align graph information with LLMs via soft prompts. Specifically, GraphPrompter consists of two main components: a graph neural network to encode complex graph information and an LLM that effectively processes textual information. Comprehensive experiments on various benchmark datasets under node classification and link prediction tasks demonstrate the effectiveness of our proposed method. The GraphPrompter framework unveils the substantial capabilities of LLMs as predictors in graph-related tasks, enabling researchers to utilize LLMs across a spectrum of real-world graph scenarios more effectively.
description: Accepted by The Web Conference (WWW) 2024 Short Paper Track
Optomechanically Induced Transparency/Absorption in a 3D Microwave Cavity Architecture at Ambient Temperature
Creators: name: Kumar, Sumit
name: Kenworthy, Matthew
name: Ginn, Henry
name: Rojas, Xavier
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Leveraging advancements in cavity optomechanics, we explore Optomechanically Induced Transparency/Absorption (OMIT/OMIA) in the microwave domain at ambient temperature. Contrary to previous works employing cryogenic temperatures, this work exploits a 3D microwave cavity architecture to observe these effects at ambient temperature, broadening the scope of possible applications. The work successfully enhances the optomechanical coupling strength, enabling observable and robust OMIT/OMIA effects, and demonstrating up to 25 dB in signal amplification and 20 dB in attenuation. Operating in the unresolved sideband regime enables tunability across a wider frequency range, enhancing the system's applicability in signal processing and sensing. The findings herein highlight the potential of optomechanical systems, presenting a simplified, cost-effective, and more feasible approach for applications at ambient temperature.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures
Translationsgeschichte
Creators: name: Richter, Julia
Publisher: name: Zeitarbeit: Aus- und Weiterbildungszeitschrift für die Geschichtswissenschaften
Year: 2019

description: Übersetzungsprozesse und die damit verbundenen kulturellen Kontexte boomen in letzter Zeit in den historischen Wissenschaften. Mitte 2017 annoncierte die Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) das neue Schwerpunktprogramm „Übersetzungs­kulturen in der Frühen Neuzeit“ (SPP 2130), das über sechs Jahre Forschungen in diesem Bereich unterstützen soll. Aber wie genau schreibt man eigentlich die Geschichte von Übersetzungsprozessen? Und hat Translationsforschung eine ge­nuin historische Dimension? Was, kurz gefragt, kann man sich unter „Translationsgeschichte“ eigentlich vorstellen?
description: Zeitarbeit: Aus- und Weiterbildungszeitschrift für die Geschichtswissenschaften, Bd. 1 (2019)
Topological Entanglement Entropy in Euclidean AdS3 via Surgery
Creators: name: Luo, Zhu-Xi
name: Sun, Hao-Yu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate the topological entanglement entropy (TEE) in Euclidean asymptotic AdS3 spacetime using surgery. The treatment is intrinsically three-dimensional. In the BTZ black hole background, several different bipartitions are applied. For the bipartition along the horizon between two single-sided black holes, TEE is exactly the Bekenstein-Hawking entropy, which supports the ER=EPR conjecture in the Euclidean case. For other bipartitions, we derive an Entangling-Thermal relation for each single-sided black hole, which is of topological origin. After summing over genus-one classical geometries, we compute TEE in the high-temperature regime. In the case where k=1, we find that TEE is the same as that for a Moonshine double state, given by the maximally-entangled superposition of 194 types of "anyons" in the 3d bulk, labeled by the irreducible representations of the Monster group. We propose this as the bulk analogue of the thermofield double state in the Euclidean spacetime. Comparing the TEE between thermal AdS3 and BTZ solutions, we discuss the implication of TEE on the Hawking-Page transition in 3d.
description: version 2
Fusion, Crossing and Monodromy in Conformal Field Theory Based on $SL(2)$ Current Algebra with Fractional Level
Creators: name: Petersen, J. L.
name: Rasmussen, J.
name: Yu, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Based on our earlier work on free field realizations of conformal blocks for conformal field theories with $SL(2)$ current algebra and with fractional level and spins, we discuss in some detail the fusion rules which arise. By a careful analysis of the 4-point functions, we find that both the fusion rules previously found in the literature are realized in our formulation. Since this is somewhat contrary to our expectations in our first work based on 3-point functions, we reanalyse the 3-point functions and come to the same conclusion. We compare our results on 4-point conformal blocks in particular with a different realization of these found by O. Andreev, and we argue for the equivalence. We describe in detail how integration contours have to be chosen to obtain convenient bases for conformal blocks, both in his and in our own formulation. We then carry out the rather lengthy calculation to obtain the crossing matrix between s- and t-channel blocks, and we use that to determine the monodromy invariant 4-point greens functions. We use the monodromy coefficients to obtain the operator algebra coefficients for theories based on admissible representations.
description: 42 Pages, LaTeX, uses pictex.sty, alternatively prepictex.tex, pictex.tex, postpictex.tex
Wie man lernt, den Schwarzen Tod zu unterrichten
Creators: name: Green, Monica H.
Publisher: name: Zeitarbeit: Aus- und Weiterbildungszeitschrift für die Geschichtswissenschaften
Year: 2019

description: Neben einer präzisen Zusammenfassung des aktuellen Forschungsstandes zur mittelalterlichen Pest, bietet Monica H. Green in diesem Artikel vor allem Vorschäge, wie man die mittelalterliche Pest als Thema in die Hochschullehre einbinden könnte.
description: Zeitarbeit: Aus- und Weiterbildungszeitschrift für die Geschichtswissenschaften, Bd. 1 (2019)
title: ADCO, Cartulaire de Cîteaux pour la grange et seigneurie d'Ouges (XVe siècle), Cart. 173 (11 H 939), 226 folios, f. 0146
Creators: name: de la Côte d'Or, Archives départementales
name: Archives Départementales De La Côte-D'Or
name: Petot, Frédérique
name: Projet CBMA
name: CG21/F.PETOT/2015
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi
subject: Chartes de la Bourgogne du Moyen Âge
subject: LaMOP
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris
subject: cartulaire

description: Cartulaire de Cîteaux pour la grange et seigneurie d'Ouges (XVe siècle), Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, Cart. 173 (11 H 939), 226 folios, f. 0146, Numérisation en mode image.
description: Relation: http://www.cbma-project.eu/
description: Bibliographic citation: Cartulaire de Cîteaux pour la grange et seigneurie d'Ouges (XVe siècle), Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, Cart. 173 (11 H 939), 226 folios, f. 0146, in Projet CBMA - Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi [Ressource en ligne], https:// manuscrits.cbma-project.eu/
description: Provenance: abbaye de Cîteaux
description: Provenance: http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q843261
description: Provenance: https://www.geonames.org/3024876
description: Provenance: http://www.idref.fr/030974844/id
description: Provenance: https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12228351v
Secular Dynamics of an Exterior Test Particle: The Inverse Kozai and Other Eccentricity-Inclination Resonances
Creators: name: Vinson, Benjamin R.
name: Chiang, Eugene
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The behavior of an interior test particle in the secular 3-body problem has been studied extensively. A well-known feature is the Lidov-Kozai resonance in which the test particle's argument of periapse librates about $\pm 90^\circ$ and large oscillations in eccentricity and inclination are possible. Less explored is the inverse problem: the dynamics of an exterior test particle and an interior perturber. We survey numerically the inverse secular problem, expanding the potential to hexadecapolar order and correcting an error in the published expansion. Four secular resonances are uncovered that persist in full $N$-body treatments (in what follows, $\varpi$ and $Ω$ are the longitudes of periapse and of ascending node, $ω$ is the argument of periapse, and subscripts 1 and 2 refer to the inner perturber and outer test particle): (i) an orbit-flipping quadrupole resonance requiring a non-zero perturber eccentricity $e_1$, in which $Ω_2-\varpi_1$ librates about $\pm 90^\circ$; (ii) a hexadecapolar resonance (the "inverse Kozai" resonance) for perturbers that are circular or nearly so and inclined by $I \simeq 63^\circ/117^\circ$, in which $ω_2$ librates about $\pm 90^\circ$ and which can vary the particle eccentricity by $Δe_2 \simeq 0.2$ and lead to orbit crossing; (iii) an octopole "apse-aligned" resonance at $I \simeq 46^\circ/107^\circ$ wherein $\varpi_2 - \varpi_1$ librates about $0^\circ$ and $Δe_2$ grows with $e_1$; and (iv) an octopole resonance at $I \simeq 73^\circ/134^\circ$ wherein $\varpi_2 + \varpi_1 - 2 Ω_2$ librates about $0^\circ$ and $Δe_2$ can be as large as 0.3 for small $e_1 \neq 0$. The more eccentric the perturber, the more the particle's eccentricity and inclination vary; also, more polar orbits are more chaotic. Our inverse solutions may be applied to the Kuiper belt and debris disks, circumbinary planets, and stellar systems.
description: Final MNRAS proofs version. Added mention of circumbinary planets to Abstract, and added to Acknowledgements
MOESM1 of Acceptability of a herd immunity-focused, transmission-blocking malaria vaccine in malaria-endemic communities in the Peruvian Amazon: an exploratory study
Creators: name: White, Sara
name: Harvey, Steven
name: Meza, Graciela
name: Llanos, Alejandro
name: Guzman, Mitchel
name: Dionicia Gamboa
name: Vinetz, Joseph
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1. Study questionnaire translated into English.
The initial value problem for the Euler equations of incompressible fluids viewed as a concave maximization problem
Creators: name: Brenier, Yann
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We consider the Euler equations of incompressible fluids and attempt to solve the initial value problem with the help of a concave maximization problem.We show that this problem, which shares a similar structure with the optimal transport problemwith quadratic cost, in its "Benamou-Brenier" formulation,always admits a relaxed solution that can be interpretedin terms of $sub-solution$ of the Euler equations in the sense of convex integration theory.Moreover, any smooth solution of the Euler equations can be recovered from this maximization problem, at least for short times.
On the decay of correlations in the random field Ising model
Creators: name: Chatterjee, Sourav
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 82B44, 60K35

description: In a celebrated 1990 paper, Aizenman and Wehr proved that the two-dimensional random field Ising model has a unique infinite volume Gibbs state at any temperature. The proof is ergodic-theoretic in nature and does not provide any quantitative information. This article proves the first quantitative version of the Aizenman-Wehr theorem. The proof introduces a new method for proving decay of correlations that may be interesting in its own right. A fairly detailed sketch of the main ideas behind the proof is also included.
description: 16 pages. Proof reorganized for better readability. To appear in Comm. Math. Phys
Can ChatGPT Support Developers? An Empirical Evaluation of Large Language Models for Code Generation
Creators: name: Jin, Kailun
name: Wang, Chung-Yu
name: Pham, Hung Viet
name: Hemmati, Hadi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: I.2.2

description: Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated notable proficiency in code generation, with numerous prior studies showing their promising capabilities in various development scenarios. However, these studies mainly provide evaluations in research settings, which leaves a significant gap in understanding how effectively LLMs can support developers in real-world. To address this, we conducted an empirical analysis of conversations in DevGPT, a dataset collected from developers' conversations with ChatGPT (captured with the Share Link feature on platforms such as GitHub). Our empirical findings indicate that the current practice of using LLM-generated code is typically limited to either demonstrating high-level concepts or providing examples in documentation, rather than to be used as production-ready code. These findings indicate that there is much future work needed to improve LLMs in code generation before they can be integral parts of modern software development.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures, 21st International Conference on Mining Software Repositories (MSR '24), April 15-16, 2024, Lisbon, Portugal
Reply to A. Patrascioiu's and E. Seiler's Comment on our paper "Percolation properties of the 2D Heisenberg model"
Creators: name: Alles, B.
name: Alonso, J. J.
name: Criado, C.
name: Pepe, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Reply to comment appeared on hep-lat/9912014.
description: 3 pages
Lesen Lernen
Creators: name: Kümper, Hiram
Publisher: name: Zeitarbeit: Aus- und Weiterbildungszeitschrift für die Geschichtswissenschaften
Year: 2019

description: Anhand der 2. Ausgabe der Cosmographia des Sebastian Münster von 1545 wird eine Handreichung für Studierende gegeben, die den Einstieg beim Lesen frühneuzeitlicher Quellen erleichtern soll.
description: Zeitarbeit: Aus- und Weiterbildungszeitschrift für die Geschichtswissenschaften, Bd. 1 (2019)
Many-Stage Optimal Stabilized Runge-Kutta Methods for Hyperbolic Partial Differential Equations
Creators: name: Doehring, Daniel
name: Gassner, Gregor J.
name: Torrilhon, Manuel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 65L06, 65M20

description: A novel optimization procedure for the generation of stability polynomials of stabilized explicit Runge-Kutta methods is devised. Intended for semidiscretizations of hyperbolic partial differential equations, the herein developed approach allows the optimization of stability polynomials with more than hundred stages. A potential application of these high degree stability polynomials are problems with locally varying characteristic speeds as found in non-uniformly refined meshes and different wave speeds.
 To demonstrate the applicability of the stability polynomials we construct 2N storage many-stage Runge-Kutta methods that match their designed second order of accuracy when applied to a range of linear and nonlinear hyperbolic PDEs with smooth solutions. The methods are constructed to reduce the amplification of round off errors which becomes a significant concern for these many-stage methods.
Preheating by Previrialization and its Impact on Galaxy Formation
Creators: name: Mo, H. J.
name: Yang, Xiaohu
name: Bosch, Frank C. van den
name: Katz, Neal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use recent observations of the HI-mass function to constrain galaxy formation. The data conflicts with the standard model where most of the gas in a low-mass dark matter halo is assumed to settle into a disk of cold gas that is depleted by star formation and supernova-driven outflows until the disk becomes gravitationally stable. A consistent model can be found if low-mass haloes are embedded in a preheated medium, with a specific gas entropy ~ 10Kev cm^2. Such a model simultaneously matches the faint-end slope of the galaxy luminosity function. We propose a preheating model where the medium around low-mass haloes is preheated by gravitational pancaking. Since gravitational tidal fields suppress the formation of low-mass haloes while promoting that of pancakes, the formation of massive pancakes precedes that of the low-mass haloes within them. We demonstrate that the progenitors of present-day dark matter haloes with M<10^{12}h^{-1}\msun were embedded in pancakes of masses $~5x10^{12}h^{-1}\msun$ at z~2. The formation of such pancakes heats the gas to a temperature of 5x10^5K and compresses it to an overdensity of ~10. Such gas has a cooling time that exceeds the age of the Universe at z~2, and has a specific entropy of ~15Kev cm^2, almost exactly the amount required to explain the stellar and HI mass functions. (Abridged)
description: 13 pages, 3 figures. Accepted for publication in MNRAS