cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Sex-Specific Trade-Offs and Responses to Foliar Shade in the Gynodioecious Species Silene Vulgaris (Caryophyllaceae)
Creators: name: Dykstra, A. B.
name: Brock, M. T.
name: Delph, L. F.
name: Weinig, Cynthia
Publisher: name: University of Wyoming. Libraries
Year: 2024
Subjects: gynodioecy
phenotypic correlations
plasticity
sexual dimorphism
Botany

description: Allocation trade-offs are predicted to affect evolutionary dynamics, including the evolution of sexual dimorphism. In gynodioecious species, where populations have both females and hermaphrodites, selection may result in sexual dimorphism in individual traits or trait correlations because, in contrast to females, hermaphrodites acquire fitness through both male and female function. Using the gynodioecious species Silene vulgaris, we measured reproductive traits (ovule number, ovule size, anther size, and floral traits related to display) and a vegetative trait (internode length) among plants growing under full sun and foliar shade treatments. We tested for sex-specific correlation structures as well as trait plasticity and the sensitivity of correlation structures to the light environment. Hermaphrodites exhibited a fixed trade-off between anther size and ovule size, whereas females exhibited an ovule size-number trade-off. For a few traits, we detected plasticity to light treatment and plasticity that differed significantly between sexes across light treatments. Exposure to foliar shade resulted in a sex-specific trade-off between vegetative and reproductive allocation; hermaphrodites exhibited a negative correlation (trade-off) between internode elongation and ovule number, whereas females showed a marginally significant, positive correlation between these two traits. The trade-offs observed in hermaphrodites are of particular evolutionary relevance, suggesting that hermaphrodites will evolve to become increasingly male and populations increasingly sexually dimorphic.
Diffusion and pattern formation in spatial games
Creators: name: Champagne-Ruel, Alexandre
name: Zakaib-Bernier, Sascha
name: Charbonneau, Paul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Diffusion plays an important role in a wide variety of phenomena, from bacterial quorum sensing to the dynamics of traffic flow. While it generally tends to level out gradients and inhomogeneities, diffusion has nonetheless been shown to promote pattern formation in certain classes of systems. Formation of stable structures often serves as a key factor in promoting the emergence and persistence of cooperative behavior in otherwise competitive environments, however an in-depth analysis on the impact of diffusion on such systems is lacking. We therefore investigate the effects of diffusion on cooperative behavior using a cellular automaton (CA) model of the noisy spatial iterated prisoner's dilemma (IPD), physical extension and stochasticity being unavoidable characteristics of several natural phenomena. We further derive a mean-field (MF) model that captures the 3-species predation dynamics from the CA model and highlight how pattern formation arises in this new model, then characterize how including diffusion by interchange similarly enables the emergence of large scale structures in the CA model as well. We investigate how these emerging patterns favors cooperative behavior for parameter space regions where IPD error rates classically forbid such dynamics. We thus demonstrate how the coupling of diffusion with non-linear dynamics can, counter-intuitively, promote large scale structure formation and in return establish new grounds for cooperation to take hold in stochastic spatial systems.
description: 13 pages, 8 figures
Responses of an Amazonian Teleost, the Tambaqui (Colossoma Macropomum), to Low Ph in Extremely Soft Water
Creators: name: Wood, C. M.
name: Wilson, R. W.
name: Gonzalez, R. J.
name: Patrick, M. L.
name: Bergman, Harold
name: Narahara, A.
name: Val, A. L.
Publisher: name: University of Wyoming. Libraries
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Zoology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Our goal was to compare the internal physiological responses to acid challenge in an acidophilic tropical teleost endemic to dilute low-pH waters with those in nonacidophilic temperate species such as salmonids, which have been the subject of most previous investigations The Amazonian tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum), which migrates between circumneutral water and dilute acidic "blackwater" of the Rio Negro, was exposed to a graded low-pH and recovery regime in representative soft water (Na+ = 15, Cl- = 16, Ca2+ = 20 μmol L-1). Fish were fitted with arterial catheters for repetitive blood sampling. Water PH was altered from 6.5 (control) to 5.0, 4.0, 3.0, and back to 6.5 (recovery) on successive days. Some deaths occurred at PH 3.0. Throughout the regime, there were no disturbances of blood gases (O-2 and CO2 tensions and contents) or lactate levels, and only very minor changes in acid-base status of plasma and red cells. However, erythrocytic guanylate and adenylate levels increased at pH's less than or equal to 5.0. Down to pH 4.0, plasma glucose, cortisol, and total ammonia levels remained constant, but all increased at pH 3.0, denoting a stress response. Plasma Na+ and Cl- levels declined and plasma protein concentration increased at pH 3.0, indicative of ionoregulatory and fluid volume disturbance and neither recovered upon return to pH 6.5. Cortisol and ammonia elevations also persisted. Transepithelial potential changed progressively from highly negative values (inside) at pH 6.5 to highly positive values at pH 3.0; these alterations were fully reversible. Experimental elevations in water calcium levels drove the transepithelial potential positive at circumneutral pH, attenuated or prevented changes in transepithelial potential at low pH, and reduced Na+ and Cl- loss rates to the water during acute low-pH challenges. In general, tambaqui exhibited responses to low pH that were qualitatively similar but quantitatively more resistant than those previously documented in salmonids.
Coding-Enhanced Cooperative Jamming for Secret Communication in Fluid Antenna Systems
Creators: name: Xu, Hao
name: Wong, Kai-Kit
name: New, Wee Kiat
name: Li, Guyue
name: Ghadi, Farshad Rostami
name: Zhu, Yongxu
name: Jin, Shi
name: Chae, Chan-Byoung
name: Zhang, Yangyang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: This letter investigates the secret communication problem for a fluid antenna system (FAS)-assisted wiretap channel, where the legitimate transmitter transmits an information-bearing signal to the legitimate receiver, and at the same time, transmits a jamming signal to interfere with the eavesdropper (Eve). Unlike the conventional jamming scheme, which usually transmits Gaussian noise that interferes not only with Eve but also with the legitimate receiver, in this letter, we consider that encoded codewords are transmitted to jam Eve. Then, by employing appropriate coding schemes, the legitimate receiver can successfully decode the jamming signal and then cancel the interference, while Eve cannot, even if it knows the codebooks. We aim to maximize the secrecy rate through port selection and power control. Although the problem is non-convex, we show that the optimal solution can be found. Simulation results show that by using the FAS technique and the proposed jamming scheme, the secrecy rate of the system can be significantly increased.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures, this paper has been accepted by IEEE Communications Letters
INVESTIGATING THE ROLE OF TAM (TYRO3, AXL AND MERTK) FAMILY RECEPTORS IN MERLIN-DEFICIENT TUMOURS
Creators: name: Dave, Foram
Publisher: name: University of Plymouth
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: NF2
subject: Schwannomas
subject: Meningiomas
subject: PhD

description: Mutations in the NF2 gene, which codes for the tumour suppressor Merlin, is responsible for the development of all Neurofibromatosis Type 2 (NF2)-related tumours including schwannomas, meningiomas and ependymomas. These tumours can also occur spontaneously in non-NF2 patients. The only available treatments for this group of tumours are surgery and radiosurgery/radiotherapy. Hence, there is an urgent need for new effective drug-based treatments. TAM (TYRO3, AXL and MERTK) family receptors are involved in tumour development, progression, metastasis and resistance to targeted therapies in several cancers. Our group previously showed overexpression and hyper-activation of all three TAM family receptors and their ligand Gas6 in schwannomas. The key role of AXL in promoting tumour development by altering proliferation, adhesion and survival of human schwannoma primary cells in vitro was also established. The aim of this project is to explore the role of TYRO3 and MERTK in schwannomas’ and all three TAM members in meningiomas’ pathogenesis. Western blotting demonstrated that AXL, MERTK, TYRO3 and their ligand Gas6 are highly expressed and activated in Merlin-deficient meningioma tissues and cells. The expression of AXL, MERTK and TYRO3, but not Gas6, appear to be Merlin-dependent in meningiomas. MERTK forms a complex with TYRO3 but not with AXL in both meningioma and schwannoma tissues, and its expression is mandatory to maintain AXL and TYRO3 levels in both cell-types. MERTK and AXL contribute to increased proliferation and survival of schwannoma and meningioma cells in vitro. MERTK acts via JNK, FAK and cyclin-D1 in meningiomas, and via JNK, AKT, FAK and cyclin-D1 in schwannomas. Pathological proliferation and survival of both cell-types was successfully reversed by AXL inhibitor BGB324 and MERTK inhibitor UNC2025 in vitro, with UNC2025 being more effective. TYRO3 had no effect on cell proliferation of either schwannoma or meningioma cells. In conclusion, AXL and MERTK are important in schwannoma and meningioma pathogenesis and are potentially good therapeutic targets. MERTK inhibitor UNC2025 has the potential to be used as a common candidate for the treatment of NF2-related tumours.
INTRODUCING PSYCHOLOGICAL LITERACY
Creators: name: Fayzullayev, Mirzaodil
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: The term ‘psychological literacy’ was introduced over two decades ago by Alan Boneau. In his 1990 paper, Boneau identified 100 psychological terms and concepts ‘of sufficient importance that they should be general knowledge within the psychological community, especially to students’ (p.891) that would form ‘a comprehensive and irreducible knowledge base for psychology’ (p.900).
Lepidasthenia Malmgren 1867
Creators: name: Mikac, Barbara
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2015
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Annelida
Polychaeta
Phyllodocida
Polynoidae
Lepidasthenia

description: Genus Lepidasthenia Malmgren, 1867
* Lepidasthenia elegans (Grube, 1840)
DISTRIBUTION: NA, CA, SA.
LITERATURE RECORDS: Grube 1840, 1861; Lorenz 1863; Grube 1864; Karl 1871; Stossich 1876, 1883; Carus 1884; Graeffe 1905; Santucci 1922; Vatova 1928; Fauvel 1934; Meštrov 1957; Banse 1970; Amoureux & Katzmann 1971; Katzmann 1972; Marcuzzi 1972; Matjašić & Štirn 1975; Amoureux 1983c; Gherardi et al. 1993; Požar-Domac 1994; Barnich & Fiege 2003; Castelli et al. 2008.
OTHER REPORTED NAMES: Polynoe elegans Grube, 1840; Polynoe lamprophthalma Marenzeler, 1874.
description: Published as part of Mikac, Barbara, 2015, A sea of worms: polychaete checklist of the Adriatic Sea, pp. 1-172 in Zootaxa 3943 (1) on page 91, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3943.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/244663
THE CONCEPT OF PATRIOTISM IN ENGLISH AND UZBEK PROVERBS
Creators: name: Bekmuratova, Shohsanam
name: Akromov, Ulug'bek
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: This article analyzes the proverbs with the dominant concept of the Motherland in the Uzbek folk proverbs belonging to the folklore.  In Uzbek and English folk proverbs, the concept of the Motherland is of great importance.   In the proverbs of these two peoples, there are differences in the ways of comparing and comparing the Motherland.   This is a factor related to the mental characteristics of the people.  In our article, these differences and similarities are taken into account and analyzed.
Lepidonotus Leach 1816
Creators: name: Mikac, Barbara
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2015
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Annelida
Polychaeta
Phyllodocida
Polynoidae
Lepidonotus

description: Genus Lepidonotus Leach, 1816
Lepidonotus clava (Montagu, 1808)
DISTRIBUTION: NA, CA, SA.
LITERATURE RECORDS: Lorenz 1863; Grube 1864; Karl 1871; Stossich 1883; Carus 1884; Graeffe 1905; Fauvel 1934, 1938; Banse 1970; Amoureux & Katzmann 1971; Katzmann 1971, 1972; Marcuzzi 1972; Požar 1972; Amoureux 1975; Matjašić & Štirn 1975; Velimirov & Sint 1975; Igić 1982; Radić 1982; Amoureux 1983c; Požar- Domac 1983, 1986; Belamarić & Šerman 1989; Špan et al. 1989; Požar-Domac 1994; Zahtila 1995; Zavodnik & Kovačić 2000; Barnich & Fiege 2003; Giangrande et al. 2003; Simonini et al. 2007; Casellato & Stefanon 2008; Castelli et al. 2008.
NEW RECORDS: BM2, BM5, BM7, BM80, BM84, BM88.
OTHER REPORTED NAMES: Polynoe clypeata Grube 1860.
? Lepidonotus squamatus (Linnaeus, 1758)
DISTRIBUTION: NA, CA, SA.
LITERATURE RECORDS: Lorenz 1863; Marcuzzi 1972; Požar-Domac 1978; Igić 1982; Zavodnik & Zavodnik 1986; Belamarić & Šerman 1989; Požar-Domac 1994; Zahtila 1995; Zavodnik & Kovačić 2000; Castelli et al. 2008.
OTHER REPORTED NAMES: Polynoe scutellata Risso, 1826.
REMARKS: Although L. squamatus has been reported several times in the Mediterranean and the Adriatic seas, its presence could not be confirmed. These records could be the result of misindentification with L. clava (Montagu, 1808) or L. tenuisetosus (Gravier, 1902) (Barnich & Fiege 2003).
® (AL) Lepidonotus tenuisetosus (Gravier, 1902) DISTRIBUTION: NA.
NEW RECORDS: BM5, BM6.
REMARKS: Alien species in the Mediterranean Sea with Indo-Pacific/Red Sea origin (Zenetos et al. 2010). It was reported for the first time in the Eastern Mediterranean along the coasts of Israel and Egypt and is considered as a possible Lessepsian migrant (Barnich & Fiege 2003). These are the first records from the Adriatic Sea. DEPOSITED MATERIAL: BM6, 30.07.2007., 1 spec. (PMR-17630).
description: Published as part of Mikac, Barbara, 2015, A sea of worms: polychaete checklist of the Adriatic Sea, pp. 1-172 in Zootaxa 3943 (1) on pages 91-92, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3943.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/244663
EXPERIENCES OF WOMEN BEFORE AND AFTER BARIATRIC SURGERY
Creators: name: Followell, Janet
Publisher: name: University of Plymouth
Year: 1995

description: Obesity has reached epidemic proportion in the United States. Results of diet, exercise regimens, and/or medications are discouraging for most individuals; therefore, bariatric surgery is on the rise. Patients undergoing bariatric surgery are overwhelmingly female. There is a plethora of research regarding improvement of co-morbidities, but little focus has been placed on the impact of bariatric surgery on positive as well as negative psychosocial outcomes. The purposes of this study were to explore experiences of women who have undergone bariatric surgery and to gain an understanding of the decision to have surgery. No qualitative research was found regarding individuals' life experiences after bariatric surgery. This study used a qualitative research design, guided by a phenomenological approach, to investigate and describe the meaning of experiences of women before and after bariatric surgery. Initially, a focus group of six members of a bariatric support group was conducted to confirm data from individual interviews. Semi-structured in-depth interviews were then conducted on a sample of ten women who had undergone bariatric surgery and were two to four years postoperative. Eight main themes emerged from the data: (a) relationship with food, (b) interpersonal relationships, (c) relationship with self, (d) living with excess skin, (e) food intolerance, (f) treatment from society, (g) concern with aging, and (h) support systems. After further analysis, three subthemes then emerged from relationship with food: food and family, emotional response to food, and coping with temptations. Interpersonal relationships developed into two subthemes: limited activity with family and relationship with others. As analysis continued, three subthemes of concern with aging emerged: fear of not growing old, fear of the unknown, and fear of gaining weight. Themes that emerged from the women's experiences all revolved around the need to be better prepared for surgery and the need for continued support after surgery. Family was interconnected to most of the themes. In order to be successful, close family members should understand the requirements of lifelong medical monitoring and the necessary changes in diet and lifestyle. Results revealed limited psychological counseling as well as long-term nutritional counseling occurred. The majority did not attend support groups, although the need for support was expressed. Support groups conducted by health professionals benefit those who are considering surgery and those who have undergone bariatric surgery. Recommendations for health education include addition of bariatric surgery into curriculums. Knowledge of bariatric surgery would assist health educators in planning programs for this population.
On the Representativeness of Plot Size and Location for Scaling Transpiration from Trees to a Stand
Creators: name: Mackay, D. S.
name: Ewers, Brent E.
name: Loranty, M. M.
name: Kruger, E. L.
Publisher: name: University of Wyoming. Libraries
Year: 2024
Subjects: Botany

description: Scaling transpiration from trees to larger areas is a fundamental problem in ecohydrology. For scaling stand transpiration from sap flux sensors we asked if plot representativeness depended on plot size and location, the magnitude of environmental drivers, parameter needs for ecosystem models, and whether the goal was to estimate transpiration per unit ground area (EC), per unit leaf area (EL), or canopy stomatal conductance (GS). Sap flux data were collected in 108 trees with heat dissipation probes, and biometric properties were measured for 752 trees within a 1.44 ha Populus tremuloides stand along an upland-to-wetland gradient. EC was estimated for the stand using eight different plot sizes spanning a radius of 2.0-12.0 m. Each estimate of EC was derived from 200 plots placed randomly throughout the stand. We also derived leaf area index (L), canopy closure (PCC), and the canopy average reference stomatal conductance (GSref), which are key parameters used in modeling transpiration and evapotranspiration. With increasing plot size, EC declined monotonically but EL and GSref were largely invariant. Interplot variance of EC also declined with increasing plot size, at a rate that was independent of vapor pressure deficit. Plot representativeness was dependent on location within the stand. Scaling to the stand required three plots spanning the upland to wetland, with one to at most 10 trees instrumented for sap flux. Plots that were chosen to accurately reflect the spatial covariation of L, PCC, and GSref were most representative of the stand.
Predicting Visual Attention in Graphic Design Documents
Creators: name: Chakraborty, Souradeep
name: Wei, Zijun
name: Kelton, Conor
name: Ahn, Seoyoung
name: Balasubramanian, Aruna
name: Zelinsky, Gregory J.
name: Samaras, Dimitris
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We present a model for predicting visual attention during the free viewing of graphic design documents. While existing works on this topic have aimed at predicting static saliency of graphic designs, our work is the first attempt to predict both spatial attention and dynamic temporal order in which the document regions are fixated by gaze using a deep learning based model. We propose a two-stage model for predicting dynamic attention on such documents, with webpages being our primary choice of document design for demonstration. In the first stage, we predict the saliency maps for each of the document components (e.g. logos, banners, texts, etc. for webpages) conditioned on the type of document layout. These component saliency maps are then jointly used to predict the overall document saliency. In the second stage, we use these layout-specific component saliency maps as the state representation for an inverse reinforcement learning model of fixation scanpath prediction during document viewing. To test our model, we collected a new dataset consisting of eye movements from 41 people freely viewing 450 webpages (the largest dataset of its kind). Experimental results show that our model outperforms existing models in both saliency and scanpath prediction for webpages, and also generalizes very well to other graphic design documents such as comics, posters, mobile UIs, etc. and natural images.
Paradyte Pettibone 1969
Creators: name: Mikac, Barbara
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2015
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Annelida
Polychaeta
Phyllodocida
Polynoidae
Paradyte

description: Genus Paradyte Pettibone, 1969
?(AL) Paradyte crinoidicola (Potts, 1910)
DISTRIBUTION: CA.
LITERATURE RECORDS: Radić 2009.
REMARKS: Radić (2009) reported the species along the Iž Island (CA). The only previous record of this species from the Mediterranean Sea was near Kassos Island (Greece, Eastern Mediterranean) by Barnich & Fiege (2003). These authors analyzed a specimen collected during the “Calypso” expedition in 1964, and determined it as Paradyte cf. crinoidicola thus considering the presence of this species in the Mediterranean Sea as questionable. Because of the above the presence of this species in the Adriatic is herein considered questionable. It is considered an alien species in the Mediterranean with Indo-Pacific origin (Zenetos et al. 2010).
description: Published as part of Mikac, Barbara, 2015, A sea of worms: polychaete checklist of the Adriatic Sea, pp. 1-172 in Zootaxa 3943 (1) on page 93, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3943.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/244663
SUPER: Seated Upper Body Pose Estimation using mmWave Radars
Creators: name: Zhang, Bo
name: Zhou, Zimeng
name: Jiang, Boyu
name: Zheng, Rong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: In industrial countries, adults spend a considerable amount of time sedentary each day at work, driving and during activities of daily living. Characterizing the seated upper body human poses using mmWave radars is an important, yet under-studied topic with many applications in human-machine interaction, transportation and road safety. In this work, we devise SUPER, a framework for seated upper body human pose estimation that utilizes dual-mmWave radars in close proximity. A novel masking algorithm is proposed to coherently fuse data from the radars to generate intensity and Doppler point clouds with complementary information for high-motion but small radar cross section areas (e.g., upper extremities) and low-motion but large RCS areas (e.g. torso). A lightweight neural network extracts both global and local features of upper body and output pose parameters for the Skinned Multi-Person Linear (SMPL) model. Extensive leave-one-subject-out experiments on various motion sequences from multiple subjects show that SUPER outperforms a state-of-the-art baseline method by 30 -- 184%. We also demonstrate its utility in a simple downstream task for hand-object interaction.
Fatigue of a spring steel with varying levels of non-metallic inclusions
Creators: name: Holman, Alan Edwin Lee
Publisher: name: University of Plymouth
Year: 2001

description: Plain specimens of two batches of the commercial spring steel BS 251A58 of nominally identical processing but significantly differing levels of non-metallic inclusion levels, have been tested in rotating bending. The data produced has been analysed against some recent methods for the prediction of fatigue properties in high strength materials containing defects. The materials tested were specifically selected for their disparate cleanliness levels, yielding specimens with differing inclusion distribution and maxima. The morphology of critical inclusions is identical between the two material batches. Material microstructure is tempered martensite with ultimate tensile strength of approximately 2000 MPa, which renders it well above the strength level where sensitivity to defects causes variability in fatigue behaviour. Models have been selected from the literature for the prediction of fatigue limit using characterisation of the local microstructural state and the size and critical position of non-metallic inclusions. These models have been validated by the analysis of specific failures after fractographic analysis. It has been shown that these models are acceptably accurate and generally conservative. Difficulties in experimental work have precluded the planned measurement of crack growth rates during the current test work. These difficulties have yielded a superimposed mean stress to the rotating bend test. This mean stress has been quantified for each test and the result coupled with a parameter for mean stress correction. The validity of the mean stress correction has been proven in this work to be valid. More consistent results are observed for the mean stress corrected data. A statistical method for the prediction of maximum non-metallic inclusion size for a given number of specimens or components from small sample microsection analyses has yielded good results when compared to the fractographic observations. This work has investigated the effect of varying magnification level and number of fields surveyed on the accuracy of prediction and recommendations are made for the method for obtaining best accuracy. A 'unified' crack propagation life model from the literature has been applied which combines long and short crack growth regimes. The model has shown good correlation to the current data but only after fitting of constants and only within the low cycle regime. Relationships presented in the literature between constants and the material ultimate tensile strength were found to be inapplicable to the current material at this strength level.
The Integration of Coastal Flooding into an ArcFLOOD Data Model
Creators: name: Nock, Alison Heidi
Publisher: name: Plymouth University
Year: 2014
Subjects: Coastal Flooding GIS

description: With the impact of global climate change, the speedy, intelligent and accessible dissemination of coastal flood predictions from a number of modelling tools at a range of temporal and spatial scales becomes increasingly important for policy decision makers. This thesis provides a novel approach to integrate the coastal flood data into an ArcFLOOD data model to improve the analysis, assessment and mitigation of the potential flood risk in coastal zones. This novel methodology has improved the accessibility, dissemination and visualisation of coastal flood risk. The results were condensed into spatial information flows, data model schematic diagrams and XML schema for end-user extension, customisation and spatial analysis. More importantly, software developers with these applications can now develop rich internet applications with little knowledge of numerical flood modelling systems. Specifically, this work has developed a coastal flooding geodatabase based upon the amalgamation, reconditioning and analysis of numerical flood modelling. In this research, a distinct lack of Geographic Information Systems (GIS) data modelling for coastal flooding prediction was identified in the literature. A schema was developed to provide the linkage between numerical flood modelling, flood risk assessment and information technology (IT) by extending the ESRI ArcGIS Marine Data Model (MDM) to include coastal flooding. The results of a linked hybrid hydrodynamic-morphological numerical flood model were used to define the time-series representation of a coastal flood in the schema. The results generated from GIS spatial analyses have improved the interpretation of numerical flood modelling output by effectively mapping the flood risk in the study site, with an improved definition according to the time-series duration of a flood. The improved results include flood water depth at a point and flood water increase which equates to the difference in significant wave height for each time step of coastal flooding. The flood risk mapping provided has indicated the potential risk to infrastructure and property and depicted the failure of flood defence structures. In the wider context, the results have been provided to allow knowledge transfer to a range of coastal flooding end-users.
Reliable Confidence Intervals for Information Retrieval Evaluation Using Generative A.I
Creators: name: Oosterhuis, Harrie
name: Jagerman, Rolf
name: Qin, Zhen
name: Wang, Xuanhui
name: Bendersky, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The traditional evaluation of information retrieval (IR) systems is generally very costly as it requires manual relevance annotation from human experts. Recent advancements in generative artificial intelligence -- specifically large language models (LLMs) -- can generate relevance annotations at an enormous scale with relatively small computational costs. Potentially, this could alleviate the costs traditionally associated with IR evaluation and make it applicable to numerous low-resource applications. However, generated relevance annotations are not immune to (systematic) errors, and as a result, directly using them for evaluation produces unreliable results.
 In this work, we propose two methods based on prediction-powered inference and conformal risk control that utilize computer-generated relevance annotations to place reliable confidence intervals (CIs) around IR evaluation metrics. Our proposed methods require a small number of reliable annotations from which the methods can statistically analyze the errors in the generated annotations. Using this information, we can place CIs around evaluation metrics with strong theoretical guarantees. Unlike existing approaches, our conformal risk control method is specifically designed for ranking metrics and can vary its CIs per query and document. Our experimental results show that our CIs accurately capture both the variance and bias in evaluation based on LLM annotations, better than the typical empirical bootstrapping estimates. We hope our contributions bring reliable evaluation to the many IR applications where this was traditionally infeasible.
description: KDD '24
Polynoe Savigny
Creators: name: Mikac, Barbara
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2015
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Annelida
Polychaeta
Phyllodocida
Polynoidae
Polynoe

description: Genus Polynoe Savigny in Lamarck, 1818
Polynoe scolopendrina Savigny, 1822
DISTRIBUTION: NA, SA.
LITERATURE RECORDS: Stossich 1876, 1883; Carus 1884; Graeffe 1905; Marcuzzi 1972; Amoureux 1983c; Požar-Domac 1994; Barnich & Fiege 2003; Castelli et al. 2008. NEW RECORDS: BM54.
OTHER REPORTED NAMES: Polynoe crassipalpa Marenzeller, 1874.
description: Published as part of Mikac, Barbara, 2015, A sea of worms: polychaete checklist of the Adriatic Sea, pp. 1-172 in Zootaxa 3943 (1) on page 93, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3943.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/244663
Subadyte Pettibone 1969
Creators: name: Mikac, Barbara
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2015
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Annelida
Polychaeta
Phyllodocida
Polynoidae
Subadyte

description: Genus Subadyte Pettibone, 1969
* Subadyte pellucida (Ehlers, 1864)
DISTRIBUTION: NA, CA, SA.
LITERATURE RECORDS: Ehlers 1864; Stossich 1883; Carus 1884; Graeffe 1905; Vatova 1928; Fauvel 1934; Zavodnik 1965, 1967b; Bellan 1969; Banse 1970; Zavodnik 1971; Katzmann 1971, 1972; Marcuzzi 1972; Katzmann 1973a; Matjašić & Štirn 1975; Velimirov & Sint 1975; Amoureux 1976; Radiae 1982; Katzmann 1983; Požar-Domac 1983, 1986; Špan et al. 1989; Gherardi et al. 1993; Požar-Domac 1994; Zavodnik & Kovačić 2000; Barnich & Fiege 2003; Casellato et al. 2007; Casellato & Stefanon 2008.
NEW RECORDS: BM53, BM54.
OTHER REPORTED NAMES: Hermadion pellucidum (Ehlers, 1864); Scalisetosus pellucidus (Ehlers, 1864); Adyte pellucida (Ehlers, 1864).
description: Published as part of Mikac, Barbara, 2015, A sea of worms: polychaete checklist of the Adriatic Sea, pp. 1-172 in Zootaxa 3943 (1) on page 93, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3943.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/244663
An investigation into the usefulness of the British Equestrian Federation Futurity programme
Creators: name: Brown, Lauren
Publisher: name: University of Plymouth
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: BEF Futurity
subject: Sport horse
subject: Performance
subject: Genetic evaluation
subject: Breeding
subject: ResM

description: Sport horse genetic evaluations are used throughout Europe to inform breeding practices. In England specifically, British Equestrian Federation Futurity evaluations are used to assess horse potential and to inform British breeding. Futurity premium scores are allocated to represent performance potential based on horse’s component traits (primarily conformation and locomotion). This study demonstrated that over half (61/106) questionnaire respondents believe that Futurity premium scores influence horse training decisions and monetary value. This is highly relevant to the industry as premium scores can therefore have economic and welfare implications. Therefore horse premiums must be reliable and indicative of future competition performance. Retrospective Futurity premiums (n=566) were investigated for reliability using the MiniTab™ v17 statistical package. Regression analysis of premium scores versus test variables demonstrated that whilst horse age and colour significantly correlated with Futurity premiums (P=0.017 and P=0.027 respectively); sex and test location did not (P >0.05). Regression analysis of components of horse competition records (lifetime points, placings, winnings, percentage scores and penalty points) versus Futurity premiums demonstrated limited correlations. British Eventing penalty point scores correlated with the majority of Futurity scores, BD percentage scores correlated with one and British Showjumping, none. British Eventing penalty point scores appear the most appropriate measure of performance as this method evaluates each phase of the individual’s competition, unlike points/placings. Futurity component scores demonstrated mixed results. A high Futurity score did not necessarily predict a high performance score. A key issue with the data was the fact that the horses examined were relatively young. Average horse age was 7 years and therefore these horses may not have been old enough to have developed their abilities towards their mature potential, limiting competition results therefore their records and consequently affecting analysis outcomes. Furthermore, industry practitioners have highlighted judge subjectivity as a limitation, however results suggest that test location (representing the judging panel) is not influential in scoring. As the Futurity develops, a larger dataset of older horses will become available which will provide further insight into the tests usefulness.
Developing Information Services for Visually-Impaired Students in Indonesia
Creators: name: Harisanty, Dessy
name: Anna, Nove E. Variant
name: Srirahayu, Dyah Puspitasari
name: Mannan, Endang Fitriyah
name: Irfana, Maisyatus Sua’daa
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 461002
subject: Human information behaviour
classificationCode: 461006
subject: Library studies
classificationCode: 461010
subject: Social and community informatics

description: This study aims to acknowledge the information needed by visually-impaired students in Indonesia. The results of this study will be used as a basis to develop library services that can be useful for visually-impaired students. The research was conducted in Foundation for Blind Handicapped Persons (YPAB) in Surabaya and involved 30 visually-impaired students ranging from 11-20 years of age. The re-search was conducted using questionnaires and interviews at YPAB. From the results it can be known that all students regularly visit the library 1-4 times a week, they know about the library services in the school from the teachers and the most widely used service is the general collection service in braille format. The most frequent activities done by students are chatting and discussing, whereas browsing is rarely because there is no internet connection and the number of computers is limited. Information available in the library includes information for completing schoolwork and fiction books in the form of braille. The recommendations from research results include: improving information services through teacher librarians and provide information and internet literacy training for students and teachers.
WOMEN CANDIDATES AND COUNCILLORS IN ENGLISH LOCAL GOVERNMENT
Creators: name: Shears, Mary Bernadette
Publisher: name: University of Plymouth
Year: 2009

description: Research interest in gender and politics has been increasing in the UK and intemationally. Much of this research has focussed on the issues surrounding women's underrepresentation to national elected office. However, a vital part of the picture has been largely ignored - women's under-representation in local govemment. This is surprising given that so many MPs still cite experience of serving on local councils before embarking on a career in national politics. This thesis aims to fill some important gaps In our knowledge of the situation affecting the under-representation of women in local govemment In England. It is known that women are under-represented across the whole of local govemment. This research presents evidence from local council elections to show the differences that exist between and among different types of local authority. New information about the type of people who stand for local election is provided from the Local Election Candidate Survey. This is the first time that candidates and councillors have featured simultaneously in a national survey. Their motivations for standing, opinions about the selection process and campaign experience are examined in detail. Semi-structured interviews with some of these candidates provide more in-depth detail about the individual experience of standing for election and being a councillor. The research findings are of interest to local authorities and political parties as they attempt to respond to policies designed to encourage the recruitment of a wider cross-section of society to local councils. The findings should assist national government initiatives by examining the extent to which the level and success of women's' recruitment is a function of endogenous and/or exogenous factors. This research will be relevant to the broader investigation of recruitment to political office, the majority of which is restricted to national elections and thereby fails to take account of the importance of local factors as impediments or catalysts for political careers.
Protodrilus Hatschek 1881
Creators: name: Mikac, Barbara
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2015
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Annelida
Polychaeta
Protodrilidae
Protodrilus

description: Genus Protodrilus Hatschek, 1881
Protodrilus adhaerens Jägersten, 1952 DISTRIBUTION: NA.
LITERATURE RECORDS: Salvini-Plawen 1968.
Protodrilus purpureus (Schneider, 1868) DISTRIBUTION: NA.
LITERATURE RECORDS: Salvini-Plawen 1968.
®? Protodrilus rubropharyngeus Jägersten, 1940
DISTRIBUTION: NA.
NEW RECORDS: Numerous specimens, in Rovinj (NA) in the coarse shell with detritus accumulated in small patches between rocks 3-4 m deep, in 1965 (W. Sterrer, pers. comm.). REMARKS: This is the first record from the Adriatic Sea. However, the identification is doubtful and needs to be confirmed (W. Sterrer, pers. comm.).
Protodrilus ypoleucus Armenante, 1903 DISTRIBUTION: NA.
LITERATURE RECORDS: Salvini-Plawen 1968.
description: Published as part of Mikac, Barbara, 2015, A sea of worms: polychaete checklist of the Adriatic Sea, pp. 1-172 in Zootaxa 3943 (1) on pages 93-94, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3943.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/244663
Sharp Moser-Trudinger inequalities on Riemannian manifolds with Negative curvature
Creators: name: Yang, Qiaohua
name: Su, Dan
name: Kong, Yinying
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Let $M$ be a complete, simply connected Riemannian manifold with negative curvature. We obtain some Moser-Trudinger inequalities with sharp constants on $M$.
description: There is a gap in the proof of Theorem 1.1 and 1.2. We thank C. Morpurgo for pointing out this fact to us. A partial fix has been given by L. Fontana, C. Morpurgo and L. Qin in a forthcoming paper: Moser-Trudinger inequalities: from local to global, Ann. Mat. Pura Appl., to appear
Constraining Cloud Lifetime Effects of Aerosols using A-Train Satellite Observations
Creators: name: Wang, M.
name: Ghan, S.
name: Liu, Xiaohong
name: L'Ecuyer, T. S.
name: Zhang, K.
name: Morrison, H.
name: Ovchinnikov, M.
name: Easter, R.
name: Marchand, R.
name: Chand, D.
name: Qian, Y.
name: Penner, J. E.
Publisher: name: University of Wyoming. Libraries
Year: 2012
Subjects: A-train
Aerosol effect
Aerosol indirect effect
Aerosol loading
Autoconversion
Cloud condensation nuclei
Cloud droplets
Cloud radiative forcing
CloudSat
Future climate
Global climate model
High-resolution models
Liquid water paths
Meteorological influence
Model representation
Multiscales
Precipitation formation
Precipitation frequency
Radiative forcings
Satellite observations
Atmospheric aerosols
Atmospheric radiation
Climate change
Climate models
Loading
Satellite imagery
Uncertainty analysis
Precipitation (meteorology)
aerosol property
AMSR-E
climate change
climate modeling
cloud condensation nucleus
cloud droplet
global climate
meteorology
MODIS
observational method
radiative forcing
resolution
satellite imagery
shortwave radiation
uncertainty analysis
Engineering

description: Aerosol indirect effects have remained the largest uncertainty in estimates of the radiative forcing of past and future climate change. Observational constraints on cloud lifetime effects are particularly challenging since it is difficult to separate aerosol effects from meteorological influences. Here we use three global climate models, including a multi-scale aerosol-climate model PNNL-MMF, to show that the dependence of the probability of precipitation on aerosol loading, termed the precipitation frequency susceptibility (Spop), is a good measure of the liquid water path response to aerosol perturbation (λ), as both Spop and λ strongly depend on the magnitude of autoconversion, a model representation of precipitation formation via collisions among cloud droplets. This provides a method to use satellite observations to constrain cloud lifetime effects in global climate models. Spop in marine clouds estimated from CloudSat, MODIS and AMSR-E observations is substantially lower than that from global climate models and suggests a liquid water path increase of less than 5% from doubled cloud condensation nuclei concentrations. This implies a substantially smaller impact on shortwave cloud radiative forcing over ocean due to aerosol indirect effects than simulated by current global climate models (a reduction by one-third for one of the conventional aerosol-climate models). Further work is needed to quantify the uncertainties in satellite-derived estimates of Spop and to examine Spop in high-resolution models.
Confidence Intervals for Projections of Partially Identified Parameters
Creators: name: Kaido, Hiroaki
name: Molinari, Francesca
name: Stoye, Jörg
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: Econometrics (econ.EM)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: We propose a bootstrap-based calibrated projection procedure to build confidence intervals for single components and for smooth functions of a partially identified parameter vector in moment (in)equality models. The method controls asymptotic coverage uniformly over a large class of data generating processes. The extreme points of the calibrated projection confidence interval are obtained by extremizing the value of the function of interest subject to a proper relaxation of studentized sample analogs of the moment (in)equality conditions. The degree of relaxation, or critical level, is calibrated so that the function of theta, not theta itself, is uniformly asymptotically covered with prespecified probability. This calibration is based on repeatedly checking feasibility of linear programming problems, rendering it computationally attractive.
 Nonetheless, the program defining an extreme point of the confidence interval is generally nonlinear and potentially intricate. We provide an algorithm, based on the response surface method for global optimization, that approximates the solution rapidly and accurately, and we establish its rate of convergence. The algorithm is of independent interest for optimization problems with simple objectives and complicated constraints. An empirical application estimating an entry game illustrates the usefulness of the method. Monte Carlo simulations confirm the accuracy of the solution algorithm, the good statistical as well as computational performance of calibrated projection (including in comparison to other methods), and the algorithm's potential to greatly accelerate computation of other confidence intervals.
description: This version is identical to the paper forthcoming at Econometrica and includes the online appendix