cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Black hole on a chip: proposal for a physical realization of the SYK model in a solid-state system
Creators: name: Pikulin, D. I.
name: Franz, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: System of Majorana zero modes with random infinite range interactions -- the Sachdev-Ye-Kitaev (SYK) model -- is thought to exhibit an intriguing relation to the horizons of extremal black holes in two-dimensional anti-de Sitter (AdS$_2$) space. This connection provides a rare example of holographic duality between a solvable quantum-mechanical model and dilaton gravity. Here we propose a physical realization of the SYK model in a solid state system. The proposed setup employs the Fu-Kane superconductor realized at the interface between a three dimensional topological insulator (TI) and an ordinary superconductor. The requisite $N$ Majorana zero modes are bound to a nanoscale hole fabricated in the superconductor that is threaded by $N$ quanta of magnetic flux. We show that when the system is tuned to the surface neutrality point (i.e. chemical potential coincident with the Dirac point of the TI surface state) and the hole has sufficiently irregular shape, the Majorana zero modes are described by the SYK Hamiltonian. We perform extensive numerical simulations to demonstrate that the system indeed exhibits physical properties expected of the SYK model, including thermodynamic quantities and two-point as well as four-point correlators, and discuss ways in which these can be observed experimentally.
description: 16 pages, 9 figures; v3
Queen Henrietta Maria and “Mistress Parliament”: Unsettled Queenship and English Political Rhetoric, 1642–1649
Creators: name: Xuan, Yuntian
Publisher: name: University of Chicago
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Gender
subject: Henrietta Maria
subject: Body Politics
subject: Mistress Parliament
subject: Monster

description: Drawn partly from critical work by Judith Butler and her followers, this article is grounded on a subtle idea concerning the relations between gender and politics in seventeenth-century English print culture. This idea is that gender and politics are, as it were, co-constructed in a contingent dynamic: that each is constantly being revised and redefined in performative and ritualistic ways, producing what subsequently come to seem stable and perhaps natural arrangements. Here, the focus is on representations of queenship – a concept that embodies in body politics key ideas which define what a female is and should be – before, during, and after the first Civil War in England, i.e., the 1630s, the early 1640s, and the late 1640s (with a brief postscript extending to the 1690s). In the first place, royal masques and exhibited art pieces articulated an ideal of “CARLOMARIA” – Charles I and Henrietta Maria as a harmonious unity, and therefore, England. In the second, Queen Henrietta Maria – who made prodigious efforts for the royalist campaign – was denounced for infidelity, popery, and autonomy in a misogynistic narrative. In the third, the parliament itself was figured as a wanton and promiscuous “queen” who not only generated monsters but could indefinitely do so, because the Parliamentarians in fact envisaged a polity in which parliament became a fixture as a frequently re-created reproductive body rather than a conventional one-off assembly called and dismissed by the king for immediate purposes. And at last, the brief postscript suggests that the situation they created may help explain the oddly conjoined notion of monarchy adopted by William and Mary after the Glorious Revolution. Examining these episodes based on a wide range of primary and secondary sources, this article argues for the fluidity and path-dependency of gender/politics relations over these tumultuous years and hopefully showcases the contingency of gender relations in a broader sense.
D2.1. Identification of Key Stakeholders and Implementation of the ARICE Industry Liaison Panel (ILP) with ToR
Creators: name: Holthus, Paul
name: Valentin, Christine
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019

description: The World Ocean Council (WOC) has undertaken to identify the key Arctic Ocean industry stakeholders who would be most relevant to the aims of the ARICE Project. These efforts have focused on sectors and companies with operations in the Arctic Ocean, i.e. those who are able to deploy instrumentation or collect environmental data in this region.
 As a result of the work to identify stakeholders, the WOC has been able to implement an Industry Liaison Panel (ILP). The list of the initial members of the ILP and the Terms of Reference (ToR) for the ILP are described below.
 The work to identify relevant key Arctic Ocean industry stakeholders has proceeded from the macro level analysis of sectors (e.g. tourism) sub-sectors when needed (e.g. expedition tourism), relevant industry associations, and then to specific key companies within each sector.
Electron counting capacitance standard and quantum metrology triangle experiments at PTB
Creators: name: Scherer, H
name: Schurr, J
name: Ahlers, F J
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper summarizes the final results of the electron counting capacitance standard experiment at the Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB) achieved since the publication of a preliminary result in 2012. All systematic uncertainty contributions were experimentally quantified and are discussed. Frequency-dependent measurements on the 1 pF cryogenic capacitor were performed using a high-precision transformer-based capacitance bridge with a relative uncertainty of 0.03 microF/F. The results revealed a crucial problem related to the capacitor, which hampered realizing the quantum metrology triangle with an accuracy corresponding to a combined total uncertainty of better than a few parts per million and eventually caused the discontinuation of the experiment at PTB. This paper provides a conclusion on the implications for future quantum metrology triangle experiments from the latest CODATA adjustment of fundamental constants, and summarizes perspectives and outlooks on future quantum metrology triangle experiments based on topical developments in small-current metrology.
description: 18 pages, 17 figures, 48 references
E-Beam Induced Micropattern Generation and Amorphization of L-Cysteine-Functionalized Graphene Oxide Nano-composites
Creators: name: Melikyan, Y.
name: Gharagulyan, H.
name: Vasilev, A.
name: Hayrapetyan, V.
name: Zhezhu, M.
name: Simonyan, A.
name: Ghazaryan, D. A.
name: Torosyan, M. S.
name: Kharatyan, A.
name: Michalicka, J.
name: Yeranosyan, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The evolution of dynamic processes in graphene-family materials are of great interest for both scientific purposes and technical applications. Scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy outstand among the techniques that allow both observing and controlling such dynamic processes in real time. On the other hand, functionalized graphene oxide emerges as a favorable candidate from graphene-family materials for such an investigation due to its distinctive properties, that encompass a large surface area, robust thermal stability, and noteworthy electrical and mechanical properties after its reduction. Here, we report on studies of surface structure and adsorption dynamics of L-Cysteine on electrochemically exfoliated graphene oxides basal plane. We show that electron beam irradiation prompts an amorphization of functionalized graphene oxide along with the formation of micropatterns of controlled geometry composed of L-Cysteine-Graphene oxide nanostructures. The controlled growth and predetermined arrangement of micropatterns as well as controlled structure disorder induced by e beam amorphization, in its turn potentially offering tailored properties and functionalities paving the way for potential applications in nanotechnology, sensor development, and surface engineering. Our findings demonstrate that graphene oxide can cover L-Cysteine in such a way to provide a control on the positioning of emerging microstructures about 10-20 um in diameter. Besides, Raman and SAED measurement analyses yield above 50% amorphization in a material. The results of our studies demonstrate that such a technique enables the direct creation of micropatterns of L-Cysteine-Graphene oxide eliminating the need for complicated mask patterning procedures.
Study of the gOMP Algorithm for Recovery of Compressed Sensed Hyperspectral Images
Creators: name: Justo, Jon Alvarez
name: Orlandic, Milica
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Hyperspectral Imaging (HSI) is used in a wide range of applications such as remote sensing, yet the transmission of the HS images by communication data links becomes challenging due to the large number of spectral bands that the HS images contain together with the limited data bandwidth available in real applications. Compressive Sensing reduces the images by randomly subsampling the spectral bands of each spatial pixel and then it performs the image reconstruction of all the bands using recovery algorithms which impose sparsity in a certain transform domain. Since the image pixels are not strictly sparse, this work studies a data sparsification pre-processing stage prior to compression to ensure the sparsity of the pixels. The sparsified images are compressed $2.5\times$ and then recovered using the Generalized Orthogonal Matching Pursuit algorithm (gOMP) characterized by high accuracy, low computational requirements and fast convergence. The experiments are performed in five conventional hyperspectral images where the effect of different sparsification levels in the quality of the uncompressed as well as the recovered images is studied. It is concluded that the gOMP algorithm reconstructs the hyperspectral images with higher accuracy as well as faster convergence when the pixels are highly sparsified and hence at the expense of reducing the quality of the recovered images with respect to the original images.
description: Hyperspectral Imaging, Compressive Sensing, Greedy Algorithms, Generalized Orthogonal Matching Pursuit (gOMP), Sparsity, Sparsification, IEEE-copyrighted material (2022), WHISPERS Workshop (13-16 September 2022)
Measuring field-normalized impact of papers on specific societal groups: An altmetrics study based on Mendeley data
Creators: name: Bornmann, Lutz
name: Haunschild, Robin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Digital Libraries (cs.DL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Bibliometrics is successful in measuring impact, because the target is clearly defined: the publishing scientist who is still active and working. Thus, citations are a target-oriented metric which measures impact on science. In contrast, societal impact measurements based on altmetrics are as a rule intended to measure impact in a broad sense on all areas of society (e.g. science, culture, politics, and economics). This tendency is especially reflected in the efforts to design composite indicators (e.g. the Altmetric attention score). We deem appropriate that not only the impact measurement using citations is target-oriented (citations measure the impact of papers on scientists), but also the measurement of impact using altmetrics. Impact measurements only make sense, if the target group - the recipient of academic papers - is clearly defined. Thus, we extend in this study the field-normalized reader impact indicator proposed by us in an earlier study, which is based on Mendeley data (the mean normalized reader score, MNRS), to a target-oriented field-normalized impact indicator (e.g., MNRS_ED measures reader impact on the sector of educational donation, i.e., teaching). This indicator can show - as demonstrated in empirical examples - the ability of journals, countries, and academic institutions to publish papers which are below or above the average impact of papers on a specific sector in society (e.g., the educational or teaching sector). For example, the method allows to measure the impact of scientific papers on students - controlling for the field in which the papers have been published and their publication year.
description: In press at Research Evaluation
Effect of long-range interaction on graphene edge magnetism
Creators: name: Shi, Zheng
name: Affleck, Ian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It has been proposed that interactions lead to ferromagnetism on a zigzag edge of a graphene sheet. While not yet directly studied experimentally, dramatically improving techniques for making and studying clean zigzag edges may soon make this possible. So far, most theoretical investigations of this claim have been based on mean field theories or more exact calculations using the Hubbard model. But long-range Coulomb interactions are unscreened in graphene so it is important to consider their effects. We study rather general non-local interactions, including of Coulomb $1/r$ form, using the technique of projection to a strongly interacting edge Hamiltonian, valid at first order in the interactions. The ground states as well as electron/hole and exciton excitations are studied in this model. Our results indicate that ferromagnetism survives with unscreened Coulomb interactions.
description: 16 pages, 9 figures; updated Figs. 2-9 and acknowledgments
First Passage and First Exit Times for diffusion processes related to a general growth curve
Creators: name: Albano, Giuseppina
name: Barrera, Antonio
name: Giorno, Virginia
name: Román-Román, Patricia
name: Torres-Ruiz, Francisco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60J60, 60H20

description: Recently a general growth curve including the well known growth equations, such as Malthus, logistic, Bertallanfy, Gompertz, has been studied. We now propose two stochastic formulations of this growth equation. They are obtained starting from a suitable parametrization of the deterministic model, by adding an additive and multiplicative noise respectively. For these processes we focus attention on the First Passage Time from a barrier and on the First Exit Time from a region delimited by two barriers. We consider thresholds, generally time dependent, for which there exist closed-forms of the probability densities of the first passage time and of the first exit time.
description: 25 pages, 17 figures
A simple unified view of branching process statistics: random walks in balanced logarithmic potentials
Creators: name: di Santo, Serena
name: Villegas, Pablo
name: Burioni, Rafaella
name: Muñoz, Miguel A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: We revisit the problem of deriving the mean-field values of avalanche critical exponents in systems with absorbing states. These are well-known to coincide with those of an un-biased branching process. Here, we show that for at least 4 different universality classes (directed percolation, dynamical percolation, the voter model or compact directed percolation class, and the Manna class of stochastic sandpiles) this common result can be obtained by mapping the corresponding Langevin equations describing each of these classes into a random walker confined close to the origin by a logarithmic potential. Many of the results derived here appear in the literature as independently derived for individual universality classes or for the branching process. However, the emergence of non-universal continuously-varying exponent values --which, as shown here, stems fro the presence of small external driving, that might induce avalanche merging-- has not been noticed (or emphasized) in the past. We believe that a simple an unified perspective as the one presented here can (i) help to clarify the overall picture, (ii) underline the super-universality of the behavior as well as the dependence on external driving, and (iii) help avoiding the common existing confusion between un-biased branching processes (equivalent to a random walker in a balanced logarithmic potential) and standard (un-confined) random walkers.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures, 1 table
INTERDISCIPLINARY INTEGRATION IN INCREASING THE EFFICIENCY OF BIOLOGY LESSONS
Creators: name: Akhtamov, Abror
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: The article discusses the development of natural and scientific literacy of students through the integration of biology lessons in general education schools, the factors of knowledge acquisition and self-control in students based on a competency-based approach, the formation of students' worldview, creativity in the formation of science-related compensations, and independent knowledge acquisition on their own.
MUSCLE HEALTH PARAMETERS IN FRAGILITY FRACTURE RISK ASSESSMENT IN ELDER PEOPLE – A SCOPING REVIEW
Creators: name: Vendrami, Colin
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Diseases
subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: Musculoskeletal Diseases
subject: bone
subject: Fracture
subject: Muscle
subject: Osteoporosis
subject: Risk
subject: Sarcopenia

description: Muscle parameters in fragility fracture prediction
Using transmission Kikuchi diffraction to characterise α variants in an α + β titanium alloy
Creators: name: Tong, Vivian
name: Joseph, Sudha
name: Ackerman, Abigail K.
name: Dye, David
name: Britton, T. Ben
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Two phase titanium alloys are important for high performance engineering components, such as aeroengine discs. The microstructures of these alloys are tailored during thermomechanical processing to precisely control phase factions, morphology and crystallographic orientations. In bimodal two phase (α + β) Ti-6Al-2Sn-4Zr-2Mo (Ti-6242) alloys there are often three microstructural lengthscales to consider: large (~10 μm) equiaxed primary α; >200 nm thick plate α with a basketweave morphology; and very fine scaled (>50 nm plate thickness) secondary α that grows between the larger α plates surrounded by retained β. In this work, we utilise high spatial resolution transmission Kikuchi diffraction (TKD, also known as transmission based electron backscatter diffraction, t-EBSD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) based forward scattering electron imaging to resolve the structures and orientations of basketweave and secondary α in Ti-6242. We analyse the α variants formed within one prior β grain, and test whether existing theories of habit planes of the phase transformation are upheld. Our analysis is important in understanding both the thermomechanical processing strategy of new bimodal two-phase titanium alloys, as well the ultimate performance of these alloys in complex loading regimes such as dwell fatigue. Our paper champions the significant increase in spatial resolution afforded using transmission techniques, combined with the ease of SEM based analysis using conventional electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) systems and forescatter detector (FSD) imaging, to study the nanostructure of real-world engineering alloys.
description: This is an accepted version of the article which is due to be published in Journal of Microscopy
Photoinduced reaction mechanisms in prototypical and bathy phytochromes
Creators: name: Fernández López, María
name: Dahl, Margarethe
name: Velázquez Escobar, Francisco
name: Bonomi, Hernán Ruy
name: Kraskov, Anastasia
name: Michael, Norbert
name: Mroginski, Maria Andrea
name: Scheerer, Patrick
name: Hildebrandt, Peter
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 540 Chemie und zugeordnete Wissenschaften
subject: bathy phytochromes
subject: photoinduced reaction mechanisms
subject: prototypical phytochromes
subject: physiological processes
subject: photoswitching

description: Phytochromes, found in plants, fungi, and bacteria, exploit light as a source of information to control physiological processes via photoswitching between two states of different physiological activity, i.e. a red-absorbing Pr and a far-red-absorbing Pfr state. Depending on the relative stability in the dark, bacterial phytochromes are divided into prototypical and bathy phytochromes, where the stable state is Pr and Pfr, respectively. In this work we studied representatives of these groups (prototypical Agp1 and bathy Agp2 from Agrobacterium fabrum) together with the bathy-like phytochrome XccBphP from Xanthomonas campestris by resonance Raman and IR difference spectroscopy. In all three phytochromes, the photoinduced conversions display the same mechanistic pattern as reflected by the chromophore structures in the various intermediate states. We also observed in each case the secondary structure transition of the tongue, which is presumably crucial for the function of phytochrome. The three phytochromes differ in details of the chromophore conformation in the various intermediates and the energetic barrier of their respective decay reactions. The specific protein environment in the chromophore pocket, which is most likely the origin for these small differences, also controls the proton transfer processes concomitant to the photoconversions. These proton translocations, which are tightly coupled to the structural transition of the tongue, presumably proceed via the same mechanism along the Pr → Pfr conversion whereas the reverse Pfr → Pr photoconversion includes different proton transfer pathways. Finally, classification of phytochromes in prototypical and bathy (or bathy-like) phytochromes is discussed in terms of molecular structure and mechanistic properties.
D4.3 Definition of the ARICE Call for proposals including Evaluation criteria and Submission Guidelines
Creators: name: Puig, Verónica Willmott
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018

description: ARICE opened its first call for ship time proposals on the 12th of April 2018 and it will remain open till the 5th of July 2018. The call was widely distributed by email to project partners, representatives of international polar programmes and projects, the European Polar Board and researchers for information and further distribution.
 The call package information consists on the following five documents, which are available for download in the section Apply for Ship Time from the ARICE Website https://arice.eu/documents until call closure, and are included in this deliverable:
 1) General information for applicants Page 5
 2) Online submission guidelines Page 17
 3) Proposal template Page 30
 4) CV Template Page 36
 5) Evaluation Criteria Page 37
Integrable 7-point discrete equations and evolution lattice equations of order 2
Creators: name: Adler, V. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 37K10, 37K35

description: We consider differential-difference equations that determine the continuous symmetries of discrete equations on the triangular lattice. It is shown that a certain combination of continuous flows can be represented as a scalar evolution lattice equation of order 2. The general scheme is illustrated by a number of examples, including an analog of the elliptic Yamilov lattice equation.
description: 18 pages, 2 figures
Oceanic Forcing on Interannual Variability of Sahel Heavy and Moderate Daily Rainfall
Creators: name: Diakhaté, Moussa
name: Rodríguez-Fonseca, Belén
name: Gómara, Iñigo
name: Mohino, Elsa
name: Dieng, Abdou Lahat
name: Gaye, Amadou Thierno
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This article analyzes SST remote forcing on the interannual variability of Sahel summer (June-September) moderate (below 75th percentile) and heavy (above 75th percentile) daily precipitation events during the period 1981-2016. Evidence is given that interannual variability of these events is markedly different. The occurrence of moderate daily rainfall events appears to be enhanced by positive SST anomalies over the tropical North Atlantic and Mediterranean, which act to increase low-level moisture advection toward the Sahel from the equatorial and north tropical Atlantic (the opposite holds for negative SSTs anomalies). In contrast, heavy and extreme daily rainfall events seem to be linked to El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and Mediterranean variability. Under La Nina conditions and a warmer Mediterranean, vertical atmospheric instability is increased over the Sahel and low-level moisture supply from the equatorial Atlantic is enhanced over the area (the reverse is found for opposite-sign SST anomalies). Further evidence suggests that interannual variability of Sahel rainfall is mainly dominated by the extreme events. These results have implications for seasonal forecasting of Sahel moderate and heavy precipitation events based on SST predictors, as significant predictability is found from 1 to 4 months in advance.
title: An Analysis of the Impact of Decision Support Systems on the Performance of Upstream Commodity Chains
Creators: name: Ilkina, VN
Publisher: name: University of Liverpool Repository
Year: 2017

description: The aim of this research is to evaluate the role and application of Decision Support Systems (DSS) adopted to improve the decision-making capability and visibility of the operations of intermediary trading organisations in upstream commodity supply chains. This research investigates the nature and source of specific challenges associated with upstream commodity supply chains that affect supply chain performance, namely, supply chain governance, access to finance, risk management and operational efficiency. Upstream commodity markets are characterised by high price volatility and low unit value, high risk and lack of visibility. Upstream supply chains are highly complex involving multiple parties, cross-border transactions, information asymmetry and a lack of standardised rules and regulations (Ahumada, 2009). Intermediary commodity trading companies participate as mediators between the supply and demand of commodities worldwide and facilitate the transaction of goods between distant countries which allows them to adopt a key position in managing critical supply chain information and material flows (de Haan et al., 2003). Hence, the performance of intermediaries within the upstream supply chains have great impact on the supply chain overall. Academic literature on DSS, upstream supply chains and intermediation have been reviewed in order to establish a reliable and contextual knowledge base. The relational view provides a theoretical grounding for the work. In order to achieve the research objectives, qualitative multiple case study research was undertaken. The case studies were designed to analyse the changes in the case study company processes and operations before and after the implementation of the DSS, using cross-functional process maps. Three case studies with intermediary trading companies in rubber, coffee and cotton supply chains were undertaken. The research found a positive relationship between DSS adoption and business performance. The findings also reveal a significant mediating effect of DSS on supply chain performance. A triangulation research approach was chosen between collected qualitative data, observation and reviewed literature. Based on this finding and conceptual model, the study has contributed to body of knowledge concerning upstream supply chain practice.
Relative flow fluctuations as a probe of initial state fluctuations
Creators: name: Giacalone, Giuliano
name: Noronha-Hostler, Jacquelyn
name: Ollitrault, Jean-Yves
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Elliptic flow, $v_2$, and triangular flow, $v_3$, are to a good approximation linearly proportional to the corresponding spatial anisotropies of the initial density profile, $\varepsilon_2$ and $\varepsilon_3$. Using event-by-event hydrodynamic simulations, we point out when deviations from this linear scaling are to be expected. When these deviations are negligible, relative $v_n$ fluctuations are equal to relative $\varepsilon_n$ fluctuations, and one can directly probe models of initial conditions using ratios of cumulants, for instance $v_n\{4\}/v_n\{2\}$. We argue that existing models of initial conditions tend to overestimate flow fluctuations in central Pb+Pb collisions, and to underestimate them in peripheral collisions. We make predictions for $v_3\{6\}$ in noncentral Pb+Pb collisions, and for $v_3\{4\}$ and $v_3\{6\}$ in high-multiplicity p+Pb collisions.
description: v1: 10 pages, 7 figures. v2: published version. Added predictions of rcBK model in Fig.2. Data tables available in ancillary files
On the Limitations of Markovian Rewards to Express Multi-Objective, Risk-Sensitive, and Modal Tasks
Creators: name: Skalse, Joar
name: Abate, Alessandro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper, we study the expressivity of scalar, Markovian reward functions in Reinforcement Learning (RL), and identify several limitations to what they can express. Specifically, we look at three classes of RL tasks; multi-objective RL, risk-sensitive RL, and modal RL. For each class, we derive necessary and sufficient conditions that describe when a problem in this class can be expressed using a scalar, Markovian reward. Moreover, we find that scalar, Markovian rewards are unable to express most of the instances in each of these three classes. We thereby contribute to a more complete understanding of what standard reward functions can and cannot express. In addition to this, we also call attention to modal problems as a new class of problems, since they have so far not been given any systematic treatment in the RL literature. We also briefly outline some approaches for solving some of the problems we discuss, by means of bespoke RL algorithms.
Superior ionic and electronic properties of ReN$_2$ monolayers as Na-ion battery electrodes
Creators: name: Zhang, Shi-Hao
name: Liu, Bang-Gui
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Excellent two-dimensional electrode materials can be used to design high-performance alkali-metal-ion batteries. Here, we propose ReN$_2$ monolayer as a superior two-dimensional material for sodium-ion batteries. Total-energy optimization results in a buckled tetragonal structure for ReN$_2$ monolayer, and our phonon spectrum and elastic moduli prove its dynamical and mechanical stability. Further investigation shows that it is metallic and still keep metallic feature after the adsorption of Na or K atoms, its lattice parameter changes by only 3.2\% or 3.8\% after absorption of Na or K atoms. Our study shows that its maximum capacity reaches 751 mA h/g for Na-ion batteries or 250 mA h/g for K-ion batteries, and its diffusion barrier is only 0.027 eV for Na atom or 0.127 eV for K atom. The small lattice change, high storage capacity, metallic feature, and extremely low ion diffusion barriers make the ReN$_2$ monolayer become superior electrode materials for Na-ion rechargeable batteries with ultrafast charging/discharging processes.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1612.02748
D4.4 ARICE call for ship-time proposals opened
Creators: name: Puig, Verónica Willmott
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018

description: The ARICE call for ship time proposals opened on the 12th of April 2018. The call was widely distributed by email to project partners, representatives of international polar programmes and projects, the European Polar Board and researchers for information and further distribution
MPEC 2023-N04 : 2023 MD6
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2023 MD6

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Cuts of Feynman Integrals in Baikov representation
Creators: name: Frellesvig, Hjalte
name: Papadopoulos, Costas G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Based on the Baikov representation, we present a systematic approach to compute cuts of Feynman Integrals, appropriately defined in $d$ dimensions. The information provided by these computations may be used to determine the class of functions needed to analytically express the full integrals.
description: 21 pages, accepted for publication in JHEP, one ancillary file
Configurational entropy of anti-de Sitter black holes
Creators: name: Braga, Nelson R. F.
name: da Rocha, Roldao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent studies indicate that the configurational entropy is an useful tool to investigate the stability and (or) the relative dominance of states for diverse physical systems. Recent examples comprise the connection between the variation of this quantity and the relative fraction of light mesons and glueballs observed in hadronic processes. Here we develop a technique for defining a configurational entropy for an AdS-Schwarzschild black hole. The achieved result corroborates consistency with the Hawking-Page phase transition. Namely, the dominance of the black hole configurational entropy will be shown to increase with the temperature. In order to verify the consistency of the new procedure developed here, we also consider the case of black holes in flat space-time. For such a black hole, it is known that evaporation leads to instability. The configurational entropy obtained for the flat space case is thoroughly consistent with the physical expectation. In fact, we show that the smaller the black holes, the more unstable they are. So, the configurational entropy furnishes a reliable measure for stability of black holes.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures
Origin search of harmful algal blooms with coastal models and satellite imagery.
Creators: name: Sagarminaga, Yolanda
name: Ferrer, Luis
name: Revilla, Marta
name: Solaún, Oihana
name: Zorita, Izaskun
name: Fontán, Almudena
name: González, Manuel
name: Rodriguez, Jose Germán
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: HABs, coastal model's, Paralytic shellfish toxin, offshore aquaculture, mussels production, Basque coast.

description: The 18th of January 2022 high concentrations of“paralytic shellfish poisoning” toxin were detected.in mussels Although these events are scarce, they entail serious health risks. Previous events of this toxin were registered in December 2018, and October 2018. To track the posible origins of the phytoplancton producing this toxin, we analysed the environmental conditions affecting the área during the 10 days preceding this peak and various backward-in-time simulations of particles drift were run with local coastal models. As a result we saw that 4 days before the peak the origins found were located locally near the coastline and at the Ondarroa’s port. However for periods older that 5 days, the likely origins were found in western offshore áreas. These backward-in-time simulations have helped us to discard some origin hypothesis and refine others, and have proven a very useful element to progress in our knowledge of HABs origins and evolution, and their potential impact on the Mendexa’s mussels production area.
description: Work co-funded by AVACON, BIOTOX ( Gobierno vasco. Dirección de Pesca y Acuicultura ) and PRIMROSE European Commission Espacio Atlántico Operativo 2007 2013
Resurrecting the exponential and inverse power-law potentials in non-canonical inflation
Creators: name: Teimoori, Zeinab
name: Karami, Kayoomars
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study inflation within the framework of non-canonical scalar field. In this scenario, we obtain the inflationary observables such as the scalar spectral index, the tensor-to-scalar ratio, the running of the scalar spectral index as well as the equilateral non-Gaussianity parameter. Then, we apply these results for the exponential and inverse power-law potentials. Our investigation shows that although the predictions of these potentials in the standard canonical inflation are completely ruled out by the Planck 2015 observations, their results in non-canonical scenario can lie inside the allowed regions of the Planck 2015 data. We also find that in non-canonical inflation, the predictions of the aforementioned potentials for the running of the scalar spectral index and the equilateral non-Gaussianity parameter are in well agreement with the Planck 2015 results. Furthermore, we show that in the context of non-canonical inflation, the graceful exit problem of the exponential and inverse power-law potentials is resolved.
description: 18 pages, 3 figures
Automatic and location-adaptive estimation in functional single-index regression
Creators: name: Novo, Silvia
name: Aneiros, Germán
name: Vieu, Philippe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 62G05, 62G08

description: This paper develops a new automatic and location-adaptive procedure for estimating regression in a Functional Single-Index Model (FSIM). This procedure is based on $k$-Nearest Neighbours ($k$NN) ideas. The asymptotic study includes results for automatically data-driven selected number of neighbours, making the procedure directly usable in practice. The local feature of the $k$NN approach insures higher predictive power compared with usual kernel estimates, as illustrated in some finite sample analysis. As by-product we state as preliminary tools some new uniform asymptotic results for kernel estimates in the FSIM model.
description: 31 pages, 5 figures, 4 tables
MPEC 2023-N05 : 2023 ME6
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2023 ME6

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
SECRETed Q&A
Creators: name: Lara, Manuel Salvador
name: Zanoni, Francesca
name: Vakarelova, Martina
name: Walshe, Kieran
name: De Pascale, Donatella
name: Jimenez, Jose
name: Pyrgakis, Kostas
name: Gudmundur Oli Hreggvidsson
name: Ziemert, Nadine
name: Martínez, Tamara
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description: This Q&A has been prepared by the SECRETed experts and researchers, who hold extensive experience in the fields of microbiology, biotechnology, metabolic engineering, and machine learning. The purpose of this Q&A is to offer information and answers concerning the research & development activities of SECRETed as well as about prejudices related to the use of natural producers, engineered strains and their products in everyday life.
Sparse semiparametric regression when predictors are mixture of functional and high-dimensional variables
Creators: name: Novo, Silvia
name: Aneiros, Germán
name: Vieu, Philippe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 62G05, 62G08, 62G20

description: This paper aims to front with dimensionality reduction in regression setting when the predictors are a mixture of functional variable and high-dimensional vector. A flexible model, combining both sparse linear ideas together with semiparametrics, is proposed. A wide scope of asymptotic results is provided: this covers as well rates of convergence of the estimators as asymptotic behaviour of the variable selection procedure. Practical issues are analysed through finite sample simulated experiments while an application to Tecator's data illustrates the usefulness of our methodology.
description: 40 pages, 7 figures, 5 tables
Fractional Josephson effect in nonuniformly strained graphene
Creators: name: Lee, Shu-Ping
name: Nandi, Debaleena
name: Marsiglio, Frank
name: Maciejko, Joseph
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Nonuniform strain distributions in a graphene lattice can give rise to uniform pseudomagnetic fields and associated pseudo-Landau levels without breaking time-reversal symmetry. We demonstrate that by inducing superconductivity in a nonuniformly strained graphene sheet, the lowest pseudo-Landau levels split by a pairing gap can be inverted by changing the sign of the pairing potential. As a consequence of this inversion, we predict that a Josephson $π$ junction deposited on top of a strained graphene sheet exhibits one-dimensional gapless modes propagating along the junction. These gapless modes mediate single electron tunneling across the junction, giving rise to the $4π$-periodic fractional Josephson effect.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures
A $k$NN procedure in semiparametric functional data analysis
Creators: name: Novo, Silvia
name: Aneiros, Germán
name: Vieu, Philippe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 62G08, 62G20

description: A fast and flexible $k$NN procedure is developed for dealing with a semiparametric functional regression model involving both partial-linear and single-index components. Rates of uniform consistency are presented. Simulated experiments highlight the advantages of the $k$NN procedure. A real data analysis is also shown.
description: 14 pages, 1 figure, 6 tables
A study of jet mass distributions with grooming
Creators: name: Marzani, Simone
name: Schunk, Lais
name: Soyez, Gregory
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We perform a phenomenological study of the invariant mass distribution of hadronic jets produced in proton-proton collisions, in conjunction a grooming algorithm. In particular, we consider the modified MassDrop Tagger (mMDT), which corresponds to Soft Drop with angular exponent $β=0$. Our calculation, which is differential in both jet mass and jet transverse momentum, resums large logarithms of the jet mass, including the full dependence on the groomer's energy threshold $z_\text{cut}$, and it is matched to fixed-order QCD matrix elements at next-to-leading order. In order to account for non-perturbative contributions, originating from the hadronisation process and from the underlying event, we also include a phenomenological correction factor derived from Monte Carlo parton-shower simulations. Furthermore, we consider two different possibilities for the jet transverse momentum: before or after grooming. We show that the former should be preferred for comparisons with upcoming experimental data essentially because the mMDT transverse momentum spectrum is not collinear safe.
description: 38 pages; 17 figures. Version accepted by JHEP
CODEX Weak Lensing: Concentration of Galaxy Clusters at z ~ 0.5
Creators: name: Cibirka, N.
name: Cypriano, E. S.
name: Brimioulle, F.
name: Gruen, D.
name: Erben, T.
name: van Waerbeke, L.
name: Miller, L.
name: Finoguenov, A.
name: Kirkpatrick, C.
name: Henry, J. Patrick
name: Rykoff, E.
name: Rozo, E.
name: Dupke, R.
name: Kneib, J-P.
name: Shan, H.
name: Spinelli, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a stacked weak lensing analysis of 27 richness selected galaxy clusters at $0.40 \leqslant z \leqslant 0.62$ in the CODEX survey. The fields were observed in 5 bands with the CFHT. We measure the stacked surface mass density profile with a $14σ$ significance in the radial range $0.1 < R\ Mpc\ h^{-1} < 2.5$. The profile is well described by the halo model, with the main halo term following an NFW profile and including the off-centring effect. We select the background sample using a conservative colour-magnitude method to reduce the potential systematic errors and contamination by cluster member galaxies. We perform a Bayesian analysis for the stacked profile and constrain the best-fit NFW parameters $M_{200c} = 6.6^{+1.0}_{-0.8} \times 10^{14} h^{-1} M_{\odot}$ and $c_{200c} = 3.7^{+0.7}_{-0.6}$. The off-centring effect was modelled based on previous observational results found for redMaPPer SDSS clusters. Our constraints on $M_{200c}$ and $c_{200c}$ allow us to investigate the consistency with numerical predictions and select a concentration-mass relation to describe the high richness CODEX sample. Comparing our best-fit values for $M_{200c}$ and $c_{200c}$ with other observational surveys at different redshifts, we find no evidence for evolution in the concentration-mass relation, though it could be mitigated by particular selection functions. Similar to previous studies investigating the X-ray luminosity-mass relation, our data suggests a lower evolution than expected from self-similarity.
description: 28 pages, 17 figures, submitted to MNRAS