cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The spatial representation of loudness in a timbre discrimination task
Creators: name: Koch, Sarah
name: Schubert, Torsten
name: Blankenberger, Sven
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 150

description: When participants decide whether a presented tone is loud or soft they react faster to loud tones with a top-sided response key in comparison to a bottom-sided response key and vice versa for soft tones. This effect is comparable to the well-established horizontal Spatial-Numerical Association of Response Codes (SNARC) effect and is often referred to as Spatial-Musical Association of Response Codes (SMARC) effect for loudness. The SMARC effect for loudness is typically explained by the assumption of a spatial representation or by the polarity correspondence principle. Crucially, both theories differ in the prediction of the SMARC effect when loudness is task-irrelevant. Therefore, we investigated whether the SMARC effect still occurs in a timbre discrimination task: Participants (N = 36) heard a single tone and classified its timbre with vertically arranged response keys. Additionally, the tone's loudness level varied in six levels. In case of a spatial representation, the SMARC effect should still occur while in case of polarity corresponding principle, the effect should be absent. Results showed that the SMARC effect was still present and that the differences between top-sided and bottom-sided responses were a linear function of loudness level indicating a continuous spatial representation of loudness.
Consistency Conditions for Fundamentally Discrete Theories
Creators: name: Bojowald, Martin
name: Date, Ghanashyam
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The dynamics of physical theories is usually described by differential equations. Difference equations then appear mainly as an approximation which can be used for a numerical analysis. As such, they have to fulfill certain conditions to ensure that the numerical solutions can reliably be used as approximations to solutions of the differential equation. There are, however, also systems where a difference equation is deemed to be fundamental, mainly in the context of quantum gravity. Since difference equations in general are harder to solve analytically than differential equations, it can be helpful to introduce an approximating differential equation as a continuum approximation. In this paper implications of this change in view point are analyzed to derive the conditions that the difference equation should satisfy. The difference equation in such a situation cannot be chosen freely but must be derived from a fundamental theory. Thus, the conditions for a discrete formulation can be translated into conditions for acceptable quantizations. In the main example, loop quantum cosmology, we show that the conditions are restrictive and serve as a selection criterion among possible quantization choices.
description: 33 pages
Strangeness Saturation: Dependence on System-Size, Centrality and Energy
Creators: name: Kampfer, B.
name: Cleymans, J.
name: Steinberg, P.
name: Wheaton, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The dependence of the strangeness saturation factor on the system size, centrality and energy is studied in relativistic heavy-ion collisions.
description: contribution for Proc. 19th Winter Workshop on Nuclear Dynamics, Breckenridge, February 8-15, 2003
Quantization of heterotic strings in a Goedel/Anti de Sitter spacetime and chronology protection
Creators: name: Israel, Dan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that a Goedel-like deformation of AdS3 in heterotic string theory can be realized as an exact string background. Indeed this class of solutions is obtained as an exactly marginal deformation of the conformal field theory describing the NS5/F1 heterotic background. It can also be embedded in type II superstrings as a Kaluza-Klein reduction. We compute the spectrum of this model as well as the genus one modular invariant partition function. We discuss the issue of closed timelike curves and the propagation of long strings. They destabilize completely the background, although we construct another exact string background that may describe the result of the condensation of these long strings. Closed timelike curves are avoided in that case.
description: 23 pages; v2: minor changes, references added, version to appear in JHEP
Nonreciprocal Terahertz Second Harmonic Generation in Superconducting NbN under Supercurrent Injection
Creators: name: Nakamura, Sachiko
name: Katsumi, Kota
name: Terai, Hirotaka
name: Shimano, Ryo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Giant second-harmonic generation (SHG) in the terahertz (THz) frequency range is observed in a thin film of an s-wave superconductor NbN, where the time-reversal ($\mathcal{T}$-) and space-inversion ($\mathcal{P}$-) symmetries are simultaneously broken by supercurrent injection. We demonstrate that the phase of the second-harmonic (SH) signal flips when the direction of supercurrent is inverted, i.e., the signal is ascribed to the nonreciprocal response that occurs under broken $\mathcal{P}$- and $\mathcal{T}$-symmetries. The temperature dependence of the SH signal exhibits a sharp resonance, which is accounted for by the vortex motion driven by the THz electric field in an anharmonic pinning potential. The maximum conversion ratio $η_{\mathrm{SHG}}$ reaches $\approx10^{-2}$ in a thin film NbN with the thickness of 25 nm after the field cooling with a very small magnetic field of $\approx1$ Oe, for a relatively weak incident THz electric field of 2.8 kV/cm at 0.48 THz.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures
Paper.pdf
Creators: name: Yanshu Yadav
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 130306 Educational Technology and Computing
subject: FOS: Educational sciences
subject: 130304 Educational Administration, Management and Leadership
subject: 170103 Educational Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: Education

description: LEARNERS PROSPECT ON INCORPORATINGTECHNOLOGY IN CLASSROOM –A CASE STUDY
Determinants of practice for providing decision coaching to facilitate informed values-based decision-making : protocol for a mixed-methods systematic review
Creators: name: Berger-Höger, Birte
name: Lewis, Krystina B.
name: Cherry, Katherine
name: Finderup, Jeanette
name: Gunderson, Janet
name: Kaden, Jana
name: Kienlin, Simone
name: Rahn, Anne Christin
name: Sikora, Lindsey
name: Stacey, Dawn
name: Steckelberg, Anke
name: Zhao, Junqiang
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 610

description: Introduction: Decision coaching is a non-directive approach to support patients to prepare for making health decisions. It is used to facilitate patients’ involvement in informed values-based decision-making and use of evidence-based health information. A recent systematic review revealed low certainty evidence for its effectiveness with and without evidence-based information. However, there may be opportunities to improve the study and use of decision coaching in clinical practice by systematically investigating its determinants of practice. We aim to conduct a systematic review to identify and synthesise the determinants of practice for providing decision coaching to facilitate patient involvement in decision-making from multiple perspectives that influence its use. Methods and analysis: We will conduct a mixed-methods systematic review guided by the Cochrane’ Handbook of Systematic Reviews. We will include studies reporting determinants of practice influencing decision coaching with or without evidence-based patient information with adults making a health decision for themselves or a family member. Systematic literature searches will be conducted in Medline, EMBASE, Cochrane CENTRAL and PsycINFO via Ovid and CINAHL via EBSCO including quantitative, qualitative and mixed-methods study designs. Additionally, experts in the field will be contacted. Two reviewers will independently screen and extract data. We will synthesise determinants using deductive and inductive qualitative content analysis and a coding frame developed specifically for this review based on a taxonomy of barriers and enablers of shared decision-making mapped onto the major domains of the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research. We will assess the quality of included studies using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool. Ethics and dissemination: Ethical approval is not required as this systematic review involves only previously published literature. The results will be published in a peer-reviewed journal, presented at scientific conferences and disseminated to relevant consumer groups.
Holomorphic Factorization and Renormalization Group in Closed String Theory
Creators: name: Sathiapalan, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The prescription of Kawai, Lewellen and Tye for writing the closed string tree amplitudes as sums of products of open string tree amplitudes, is applied to the world sheet renormalization group equation. The main point is that regularization of the Minkowski (rather than Euclidean) world sheet theory allows factorization into left-moving and right-moving sectors to be maintained. Explicit calculations are done for the tachyon and the (gauge-fixed) graviton.
description: 19 pages, Latex File, 9 figures
Deletion of vascular thromboxane A2 receptors and its impact on angiotensin II-induced hypertension and atherosclerotic lesion formation in the aorta of Ldlr-deficient mice
Creators: name: Braun, Heike
name: Hauke, Michael
name: Petermann, Markus
name: Eckenstaler, Robert
name: Ripperger, Anne
name: Schwedhelm, Edzard
name: Ludwig-Kraus, Beatrice
name: Kraus, Frank Bernhard
name: Jalal Ahmed Shawon, Md
name: Dubourg, Virginie
name: Zernecke-Madsen, Alma
name: Schreier, Barbara
name: Gekle, Michael
name: Benndorf, Ralf
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: 615

description: The thromboxane A2 receptor (TP) has been shown to play a role in angiotensin II (Ang II)-mediated hypertension and pathological vascular remodeling. To assess the impact of vascular TP on Ang II-induced hypertension, atherogenesis, and pathological aortic alterations, i.e. aneurysms, we analysed Western-type diet-fed and Ang II-infused TPVSMC KO/Ldlr KO, TPEC KO/Ldlr KO mice and their respective wild-type littermates (TPWT/Ldlr KO). These analyses showed that neither EC- nor VSMC-specific deletion of the TP significantly affected basal or Ang II-induced blood pressure or aortic atherosclerotic lesion area. In contrast, VSMC-specific TP deletion abolished and EC-specific TP deletion surprisingly reduced the ex vivo reactivity of aortic rings to the TP agonist U-46619, whereas VSMC-specific TP knockout also diminished the ex vivo response of aortic rings to Ang II. Furthermore, despite similar systemic blood pressure, there was a trend towards less atherogenesis in the aortic arch and a trend towards fewer pathological aortic alterations in Ang II-treated female TPVSMC KO/Ldlr KO mice. Survival was impaired in male mice after Ang II infusion and tended to be higher in TPVSMC KO/Ldlr KO mice than in TPWT/Ldlr KO littermates. Thus, our data may suggest a deleterious role of the TP expressed in VSMC in the pathogenesis of Ang II-induced aortic atherosclerosis in female mice, and a surprising role of the endothelial TP in TP-mediated aortic contraction. However, future studies are needed to substantiate and further elucidate the role of the vascular TP in the pathogenesis of Ang II-induced hypertension, aortic atherosclerosis and aneurysm formation.
Some non-trivial aspects of Poincaré and CPT invariance of flavor vacuum
Creators: name: Blasone, Massimo
name: Jizba, Petr
name: Mavromatos, Nikolaos E.
name: Smaldone, Luca
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the explicit form of Poincaré and discrete transformations of flavor states in a two-flavor scalar model, which represents the simplest example of the field mixing. Because of the particular form of the flavor vacuum condensate, we find that the aforementioned symmetries are spontaneously broken. The ensuing vacuum stability group is identified with the Euclidean group E(3). With the help of Fabri-Picasso theorem, we show that flavor vacua with different time labels and in different Lorentz frames are unitarily inequivalent to each other and they constitute a manifold of zero-flavor-charge states. Despite the spontaneous breakdown of Poincaré and CPT symmetries that characterises such vacua, we provide arguments on the absence of Goldstone Bosons. We also prove that the phenomenologically relevant oscillation formula is invariant under these transformations.
description: 20 pages
Persistent currents in two dimensions: New regimes induced by the interplay between electronic correlations and disorder
Creators: name: Nemeth, Zoltan Adam
name: Pichard, Jean-Louis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using the persistent current I induced by an Aharonov-Bohm flux in square lattices with random potentials, we study the interplay between electronic correlations and disorder upon the ground state (GS) of a few polarized electrons (spinless fermions) with Coulomb repulsion. K being the total momentum, we show that I is proportional to K in the continuum limit. We use this relation to distinguish between the continuum regimes, where the lattice GS behaves as in the continuum limit and I is independent of the interaction strength U when K is conserved, and the lattice regimes where I decays as U increases. Changing the disorder strength W and U, we obtain many regimes which we study using the map of local currents carried by three spinless fermions.
title: Auditory Feedback and Fitts' Law
Creators: name: Atkinson, Tamara L.
Publisher: name: Old Dominion University
Year: 1989

description: Previous research on Fitts' Law has concentrated on presenting tracking tasks using visual feedback. The present research investigated the effect of auditory and/or visual feedback with a tracking task. Thirty subjects (15 male, 15 female) performed the tracking task using a mouse control to track a target on a computer monitor. The three feedback conditions included auditory, visual, and auditory/visual. For each condition, the Index of Difficulty was varied and the movement time was measured. It was predicted that the auditory feedback would produce movement times that would conform to Fitts' Law. The results indicted that the auditory condition did not conform to Fitts' Law but that the visual [F(l,538) = 36.98,p<.001] and the auditory/visual [F(l,158) = 38.46,p<.001] conditions did produce movement times that were a linear function of the Index of Difficulty. Possible reasons for these results were discussed as well as the potential for future research.
The Brassica napus boron deficient inflorescence transcriptome resembles a wounding and infection response
Creators: name: Verwaaijen, Bart
name: Alcock, Thomas David
name: Spitzer, Christoph
name: Liu, Zhaojun
name: Fiebig, Anne
name: Bienert, Manuela Désirée
name: Bräutigam, Andrea
name: Bienert, Gerd Patrick
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 580

description: Oilseed rape and other crops of Brassica napus have a high demand for boron (B). Boron deficiencies result in the inhibition of root growth, and eventually premature flower abortion. Understanding the genetic mechanisms underlying flower abortion in B-limiting conditions could provide the basis to enhance B-efficiency and prevent B-deficiency-related yield losses. In this study, we assessed transcriptomic responses to B-deficiency in diverse inflorescence tissues at multiple time points of soil-grown plants that were phenotypically unaffected by B-deficiency until early flowering. Whilst transcript levels of known B transporters were higher in B-deficient samples, these remained remarkably stable as the duration of B-deficiency increased. Meanwhile, GO-term enrichment analysis indicated a growing response resembling that of a pathogen or pest attack, escalating to a huge transcriptome response in shoot heads at mid-flowering. Grouping differentially expressed genes within this tissue into MapMan functional bins indicated enrichment of genes related to wounding, jasmonic acid and WRKY transcription factors. Individual candidate genes for controlling the “flowering-without-seed-setting” phenotype from within MapMan biotic stress bins include those of the metacaspase family, which have been implicated in orchestrating programmed cell death. Overall temporal expression patterns observed here imply a dynamic response to B-deficiency, first increasing expression of B transporters before recruiting various biotic stress-related pathways to coordinate targeted cell death, likely in response to as yet unidentified B-deficiency induced damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs). This response indicates new pathways to target and dissect to control B-deficiency-induced flower abortion and to develop more B-efficient crops.
The Different Fates of a Low-Mass X-ray Binary. I: Conservative Mass Transfer
Creators: name: Lavagetto, G.
name: Burderi, L.
name: D'Antona, F.
name: Di Salvo, T.
name: Iaria, R.
name: Robba, N. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the evolution of a low mass x-ray binary coupling a binary stellar evolution code with a general relativistic code that describes the behavior of the neutron star. We assume the neutron star to be low--magnetized (B~10^8 G). In the systems investigated in this paper, our computations show that during the binary evolution the companion transfers as much as 1 solar mass to the neutron star, with an accretion rate of 10^-9 solar masses/yr. This is sufficient to keep the inner rim of the accretion disc in contact with the neutron star surface, thus preventing the onset of a propeller phase capable of ejecting a significant fraction of the matter transferred by the companion. We find that, for neutron stars governed by equations of state from soft up to moderately stiff, an accretion induced collapse to a black hole is almost unavoidable. The collapse to a black hole can occur either during the accretion phase or after the end of the mass transfer when the neutron star is left in a supramassive sequence. In this last case the collapse is driven by energy losses of the fast spinning radio pulsar. For extremely supramassive neutron stars these energy losses cause a spin up. As a consequence the pulsar will have a much shorter lifetime than that of a canonical radio pulsar. This behavior depends on the equation of state for ultra-dense matter and therefore could be used to constrain the internal structure of the neutron star. If the r-modes of the neutron star are excited during the accretion process, the gravitational waves emisson limits the maximum spin attainable by a NS to roughly 2 ms. In this case the collapse during the accretion phase is even more common since the maximum mass achievable before the collapse to a black hole during accretion is smaller due to the limited spin frequency.
description: 11 pages, 5 figures. Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Bayesian wavelet-packet historical functional linear models
Creators: name: Meyer, Mark J.
name: Malloy, Elizabeth
name: Coull, Brent A.
Publisher: name: Statistics and Computing
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 46
subject: Information and computing sciences
classificationCode: 49
subject: Mathematical sciences

description: Historical functional linear models (HFLMs) quantify associations between a functional predictor and functional outcome where the predictor is an exposure variable that occurs before, or at least concurrently with, the outcome. Prior work on the HFLM has largely focused on estimation of a surface that represents a time-varying association between the functional outcome and the functional exposure. This existing work has employed frequentist and spline-based estimation methods, with little attention paid to formal inference or adjustment for multiple testing and no approaches that implement wavelet bases. In this work, we propose a new functional regression model that estimates the time-varying, lagged association between a functional outcome and a functional exposure. Building off of recently developed function-on-function regression methods, the model employs a novel use the wavelet-packet decomposition of the exposure and outcome functions that allows us to strictly enforce the temporal ordering of exposure and outcome, which is not possible with existing wavelet-based functional models. Using a fully Bayesian approach, we conduct formal inference on the time-varying lagged association, while adjusting for multiple testing. We investigate the operating characteristics of our wavelet-packet HFLM and compare them to those of two existing estimation procedures in simulation. We also assess several inference techniques and use the model to analyze data on the impact of lagged exposure to particulate matter finer than 2.5μ g, or PM2.5, on heart rate variability in a cohort of journeyman boilermakers during the morning of a typical day’s shift.
Magnetic mass effect on the sphaleron energy
Creators: name: Funakubo, Koichi
name: Senaha, Eibun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We elucidate a magnetic mass effect on a sphaleron energy that is crucial for baryon number preservation needed for successful electroweak baryogenesis. It is found that the sphaleron energy increases in response to the magnetic mass. As an application, we study the sphaleron energy and electroweak phase transition with the magnetic mass in a two-Higgs-doublet model. Although the magnetic mass can screen the gauge boson loops, it relaxes a baryon number preservation criterion more effectively, broadening the baryogenesis-possible region. Our findings would be universal in any new physics models as long as the gauge sector is common to the standard model.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures; v2: some clarifications and references added, version accepted for publication as a Rapid Communication in PRD
Additional file 2 of Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP) management pathways: results of a Delphi survey to contextualise international recommendations for Indonesian primary care settings
Creators: name: Ekawati, Fitriana Murriya
name: Licqurish, Sharon
name: Gunn, Jane
name: Brennecke, Shaun
name: Lau, Phyllis
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 2: Supplementary file 2. GUIDED Checklist. This file contains GUIDED checklist used for reporting HDP pathways as the interventions developed in this study for improving HDP management in Indonesian primary care.
title: Aspects of the English working class viewed from the Working Men's Club
Creators: name: Vowles, Michael Harry
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 1983

description: Working Men's Club were part of the Victorian reform ideology, An attempt, when Mechanics' Institutes failed to cope with, at worst a seriously threatening, at best an inconveniently fractious social group. Quickly taken over by the working class from the early patronage of their 'betters'; overturning the temperance based educative functions, the clubs became an important element in the working-class culture which arose in response to the poverty, subordination, degradation and indignity visited on the working class by industrial capitalism. This culture was, apart from the odd outburst, a passive culture. It was different from the surrounding bourgeoise culture having resisted attempts at its improvement by the middle classes, but it was by no means threatening. Working-class culture emphasised collectivism and solidarity, a sharing and co-operative coping with the uncertainties of capitalism. This was reflected in the Working Men's Club. These became the expression of solidaristic collectivism in the local community. Rooted in locality, clubs became the focus of much working-class leisure. Never seriously political, they avoided association with any political party and concentrated on pleasure. As the working class changed, in the context of the 'welfare state', higher wages and improved work conditions, so too did the clubs. Increasingly the working class abandoned the soliderism of former years and took to itself the individualistic values of the market place. Only that which was bought has value, people were to be judged by their possessions rather than on the basis of wider more human considerations. Working Men's Clubs aptly reflect these changes. No longer places for coping with the common predicament they have become stages for the display of the new values of consumption A true reflection of the market place.
Origin of multiferroism of ion doped at different sites : Bi4Ti3O12 bulk and nanoparticles
Creators: name: Apostolova, Iliana N.
name: Apostolov, Angel T.
name: Trimper, Steffen
name: Wesselinowa, Julia M.
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: 530

description: Based on a microscopic model and the Green's function theory, the temperature, size, magnetic field, and ion doping dependence of the magnetic, electric, and dielectric properties in Fe-and Nd-doped ferroelectric Bi4Ti3O12 bulk and nanoparticles is investigated. The multiferroism can be achieved in two ways. At once the magnetism appears by substitution of the nonmagnetic Ti ion with Fe or other transition metal ions in bulk Bi4Ti3O12. Otherwise, the simultaneous existence of Fe and Fe gives rise to a superexchange mechanism responsible for ferromagnetic interaction. Moreover, multiferroism is possible also in pure Bi4Ti3O12 nanoparticles. Due to surface effects and oxygen vacancies leading to different valence states on the surface of Ti or Ti with spin value , there appears weak magnetism, which can be improved by Fe ion doping. It is demonstrated that doping with rare earth ions, for example Nd , at the Bi site is able to improve the ferroelectric, multiferroic, and dielectric properties.
Multi-horizon air pollution forecasting with deep neural networks
Creators: name: Arsov, Mirche
name: Zdravevski, Eftim
name: Lameski, Petre
name: Corizzo, Roberto
name: Koteli, Nikola
name: Gramatikov, Sasho
name: Mitreski, Kosta
name: Trajkovik, Vladimir
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: Air pollution is a global problem, especially in urban areas where the population density is very high due to the diverse pollutant sources such as vehicles, industrial plants, buildings, and waste. North Macedonia, as a developing country, has a serious problem with air pollution. The problem is highly present in its capital city, Skopje, where air pollution places it consistently within the top 10 cities in the world during the winter months. In this work, we propose using Recurrent Neural Network (RNN) models with long short-term memory units to predict the level of PM10 particles at 6, 12, and 24 h in the future. We employ historical air quality measurement data from sensors placed at multiple locations in Skopje and meteorological conditions such as temperature and humidity. We compare different deep learning models’ performance to an Auto-regressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) model. The obtained results show that the proposed models consistently outperform the baseline model and can be successfully employed for air pollution prediction. Ultimately, we demonstrate that these models can help decision-makers and local authorities better manage the air pollution consequences by taking proactive measures.
Domain alignment within ferroelectric/dielectric PbTiO$_3$/SrTiO$_3$ superlattice nanostructures
Creators: name: Park, J.
name: Mangeri, J.
name: Zhang, Q.
name: Yusuf, M. H.
name: Pateras, A.
name: Dawber, M.
name: Holt, M. V.
name: Heinonen, O. G.
name: Nakhmanson, S.
name: Evans, P. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The ferroelectric domain pattern within lithographically defined PbTiO3/SrTiO3 ferroelectric/dielectric heteroepitaxial superlattice nanostructures is strongly influenced by the edges of the structures. Synchrotron x-ray nanobeam diffraction reveals that the spontaneously formed 180° ferroelectric stripe domains exhibited by such superlattices adopt a configuration in rectangular nanostructures in which domain walls are aligned with long patterned edges. The angular distribution of x-ray diffuse scattering intensity from nanodomains indicates that domains are aligned within an angular range of approximately 20° with respect to the edges. Computational studies based on a time-dependent Landau-Ginzburg-Devonshire model show that the preferred direction of the alignment results from lowering of the bulk and electrostrictive contributions to the free energy of the system due to the release of the lateral mechanical constraint. This unexpected alignment appears to be intrinsic and not a result of distortions or defects caused by the patterning process. Our work demonstrates how nanostructuring and patterning of heteroepitaxial superlattices allow for pathways to create and control ferroelectric structures that may appear counterintuitive.
Radon transform of Wheeler-De Witt equation and tomography of quantum states of the universe
Creators: name: Manko, V. I.
name: Marmo, G.
name: Stornaiolo, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The notion of standard positive probability distribution function (tomogram) which describes the quantum state of universe alternatively to wave function or to density matrix is introduced. Connection of the tomographic probability distribution with the Wigner function of the universe and with the star-product (deformation) quantization procedure is established. Using the Radon transform the Wheeler-De Witt generic equation for the probability function is written in tomographic form. Some examples of the Wheeler-DeWitt equation in the minisuperspace are elaborated explicitly for a homogeneous isotropic cosmological models. Some interpretational aspects of the probability description of the quantum state are discussed.
description: 22 pages LaTeX, some minor corrections, new references added, submitted to General Relativity and Gravitation
Predicting the base neutralization capacity of soils based on texture, organic carbon and initial pH : an opportunity to adjust common liming recommendation approaches to specific management and climate conditions
Creators: name: Ruehlmann, Joerg
name: Bönecke, Eric
name: Gebbers, Robin
name: Gerlach, Felix
name: Kling, Charlotte
name: Lück, Katrin
name: Meyer, Swen
name: Nagel, Anne
name: Palme, Stefan
name: Philipp, Golo
name: Scheibe, Dirk
name: Schröter, Ingmar
name: Vogel, Sebastian
name: Krämer, Eckart
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 500

description: Liming is an effective measure to increase the soil pH and to counterbalance soil acidification. Therefore, the liming recommendations (LRs) for agricultural practice consider two aspects: changing the initial pH to the desired pH and compensating for all pH decreases taking place within the liming interval. The separation of these aspects is essential to optimize LRs and to minimize lime losses to the environment. Therefore, we developed a pedotransfer function (PTF) to calculate the lime demand to change the initial pH to the desired pH and compared the results with the LRs for agricultural practice. Applying this PTF to a set of 126 soil samples that were analyzed for base neutralization capacity could explain approximately 78% of the variability in the pH changes after the addition of different amounts of Ca(OH)2. Consequently, the lime demand to change the initial pH to the desired pH increased by approximately one-sixth compared to the lime demand proposed by the liming recommendation scheme, which is commonly used in Germany. From the numerical difference between the lime demand according to the LRs and the PTF, we calculated the annual acidification rates based on the soil texture, organic matter content and initial pH. Decoupling the abovementioned two aspects of LRs might be helpful to optimize the LRs by adapting to different regions, diverse management strategies and a changing climate.
Stellar mass measurements in Abell 133 with Magellan / IMACS
Creators: name: Starikova, S.
name: Vikhlinin, A.
name: Kravtsov, A.
name: Kraft, R.
name: Connor, T.
name: Mulchaey, J. S.
name: Nagai, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the analysis of deep optical imaging of the galaxy cluster Abell 133 with the IMACS instrument on Magellan. Our multi-band photometry enables stellar mass measurements in the cluster member galaxies down to a mass limit of $M_\star=3\times10^8\,M_\odot$ ($\approx 0.1$ of the Large Magellanic Cloud stellar mass). We observe a clear difference in the spatial distribution of large and dwarf galaxies within the cluster. Modeling these galaxies populations separately, we can confidently track the distribution of stellar mass locked in the galaxies to the cluster's virial radius. The extended envelope of the cluster's brightest galaxy can be tracked to $\sim 200$ kpc. The central galaxy contributes $\sim 1/3$ of the the total cluster stellar mass within the radius $r_{500c}$.
Additional file 3 of Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP) management pathways: results of a Delphi survey to contextualise international recommendations for Indonesian primary care settings
Creators: name: Ekawati, Fitriana Murriya
name: Licqurish, Sharon
name: Gunn, Jane
name: Brennecke, Shaun
name: Lau, Phyllis
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 3: Supplementary file 3. Statements that had not achieved consensus at the first and second-round survey, and the final agreement scores for each of the statements in the survey. This file contains two tables: Table 1. Statements that had not achieved consensus at the first and second-round survey, and Table 2. Final agreement scores for all statements tested in the survey.
Advancing school professionals' dyslexia knowledge through neuroscience : bridging the science-education gap through developmental psychology
Creators: name: Anderson, Alida
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: This review presents a summary of the research on advancing dyslexia knowledge among school professionals. It contributes to the literature with a proposed solution for professional development and teacher training through the field of developmental psychology. The article outlines what has been done to address the science-education gap owing to misunderstandings about dyslexia, proposing a solution to advance school professionals’ knowledge of dyslexia through developmental psychology coursework aimed at the neuroscience of dyslexia, including basic and cognitive neuroscience concepts. The review outlines the legislative and research support for this proposal as well as the candidate knowledge focused on the neuroscience of dyslexia to address gaps in professional knowledge and practice. The review includes a discussion section with implications for research and practice.
title: Aspects of equivalence relations in the school curriculum and the development of the concept in young children
Creators: name: Fletcher, B
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 1978

description: This thesis considers some aspects of equivalence relations, especially in areas outside mathematics end in the development of children's thinking. The aim of Section 1 is to show that equivalence classes (and by implication equivalence relations) are an essential mode of thinking for adult English speakers in a variety of activities. As children have their own patterns of thinking which are developing toward adult form. Section 2 is devoted to establishing a framework within which observations about the development of the concept of equivalence relation can be organised. The relevant factors of Piaget's work are taken as the starting point. These are reviewed alongside more recent American studies. Some recent reformulations of Piaget's theory of groupings by Gorman writers ere also considered. This review Identifies difficulties arising from (a) diversity of interpretation of (i) Piaget's work (ii) terminology used, (b) gaps between the psychological models and the behavioural counterparts which they were designed to represent, (c) lock of agreed criterion for concept attainment. Points arising from (a) and (c) have been considered in greater detail in the context of - the identification and modification of points of weakness in the hypothesis that soristion implies transitivity, - an attempt to specify the characteristics of a test of conservation of a quantitative relation. The review also shows gaps in the research, notably, in the study of the growth of the understanding of symmetric relations; proposals for further tests to clarify the stages in the development of the concept of symmetry are put forward. The feasibility of these tests has been studied in the classroom.
[Halle (Saale), Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt, Morbio 7 (6)]
Creators: name: De Capris, Andreas Lazarus
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 1451
Subjects: subject: Sonstige weltliche Aussteller
subject: Notarsurkunde
subject: Urkunde
subject: 090

description: Andreas Lazarus de Capris, Sohn des verstorbenen Azo, aus Novara bestätigt, von Dannanus Capitaneus aus Casaleggio, Doktor beider Rechte und Sohn des verstorbenen Simon Capitaneus aus Casaleggio, seinerseits einst Doktor der Rechte, für den Kauf eines Hauses, gelegen in Novara, Geld erhalten zu haben.
title: Appraisal of Computer Aided Instruction at the Open University and the evaluation of three specific programs.
Creators: name: Eardley, Robert Howard
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 1978

description: This dissertation begins with a review of different types of Computer Aided Instruction. A classification scheme developed from a variety of similar systems found in the literature is used to analyse the different forms of Computer Aided Instruction (CAI) in use at the Open University. The analysis is considered to be particularly relevant in view of the fact that some 10,000 student-terminal hours were devoted to CAI programs at the Open University during 1976. The main type of CAI program in use at the Open University is the computation type. However, in the Physics discipline of the Science Faculty, which is the author's particular concern, the type of CAI program in use is of the calculational experiment type. Hence three calculational experiment programs used at the Open University's Summer School by the Physics discipline were selected for further scrutiny. A study was undertaken to determine the effect of each program on student learning. No significant gains were noted. However, the use of relatively small groups (because of existing constraints) and tests which could have been more reliable may have contributed to this. The effect of each program on student attitudes was also measured, and it is of interest to note that with larger student groups, and more reliable measures, each program had a significant, and positive, effect on student attitudes towards the use of the programs concerned.
Additional file 1 of Cost-effectiveness modelling to optimise active screening strategy for gambiense human African trypanosomiasis in endemic areas of the Democratic Republic of Congo
Creators: name: Davis, Christopher N.
name: Rock, Kat S.
name: Antillón, Marina
name: Miaka, Erick Mwamba
name: Keeling, Matt J.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1 Figures S1–S10 and Tables S1–S7. Supporting information for the manuscript including further details of the gHAT modelling, explanations and derivations of all net monetary benefit parameters, a short analysis of a different health zone, details on reactive screening, some additional results, and a table of how we satisfied the five principles of the Neglected Tropical Diseases Modelling Consortium. Figure S1 – Schematic of the compartmental model for gHAT infection dynamics in humans (low- and high-risk) and tsetse. Figure S2 – Histograms of screening coverage for (A) Kwamouth and (B) Mosango. Figure S3 – The cost-effectiveness of active screening strategies for the health zone of Mosango. Figure S4 – The effect of the number of zero-detections in reactive screening on the cost effective acceptability curves (CEACs). Figure S5 – Active and reactive screenings information. Figure S6 – The time interval between observing a passive detection and resuming reactive screening for different values of active zero-detections. Figure S7 – Distributions of (A) the change in cost of an active screening strategy and (B) the number of DALYs averted for 30- and 100-year time-horizons. Figure S8 – Theoretical optimum strategy for mean simulation of infection dynamics given WTP and pt. Figure S9 – Mean change in costs relative to the assumed interventions for a village with 55% screening coverage annually with 3 zero-detections. Figure S10 – Linear fits through the results of different active screening strategies from Fig. 5. Table S1 – The transition rates of the Markov-chain gHAT-infection model and additional ordinary differential equation component of the model. Table S2 – Parameter notation and values for the gHAT infection model. Table S3 – Net monetary benefit parameters that determine our manuscript parameters. Table S4 – Proportion of people receiving each type of treatment. Table S5 – Formulation of manuscript parameters from cost data. Table S6 – The values that determine the linear fits for each strategy in Figure S10. Table S7 – PRIME-NTD criteria fulfillment.
Mass Spectra of Pentaquarks -- Overlap versus Wilson Fermions
Creators: name: Chiu, Ting-Wai
name: Hsieh, Tung-Han
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the mass spectra of $Θ^+(udud\bar s)$ in quenched lattice QCD, with overlap and Wilson fermions respectively. Using three different interpolating operators, we measure their correlation matrix, and extract the mass spectra in even and odd parity channels, for 100 gauge configurations generated with single plaquette action at $β=6.1$ on the $20^3 \times 40$ lattice. The lowest $ 1/2^- $ state agrees with the $ KN $ s-wave scattering state, for both fermion schemes. On the other hand, for the lowest $ 1/2^+ $ state, it is different from any hadron scattering states for the overlap fermion, while it seems to agree with $ KN^* $ s-wave for the Wilson fermion.
description: 6 pages, Talk presented at Lattice 2005, Dublin, 25-30 July 2005
Search for $bb\bar{b}\bar{b}$ tetraquark decays in 4 muons, $B^{+} B^{-}$, $B^0 \bar{B}^0$ and $B_s^0 \bar{B}_s^0$ channels at LHC
Creators: name: Becchi, C.
name: Giachino, A.
name: Maiani, L.
name: Santopinto, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We perform a quantitative analysis of the $bb\bar{b}\bar{b}$ tetraquark decays into hidden- and open-bottom mesons and calculate, for the first time, the $bb\bar{b}\bar{b}$ tetraquark total decay width. On the basis of our results, we propose the $bb\bar{b}\bar{b} \to B^{+} B^{-} (B^0 \bar{B}^0) (B_s^0 \bar{B}_s^0) \to l^{+} l^{-}+\text{X}$ decays as the most suitable channels to observe the $bb\bar{b}\bar{b}$ tetraquark states, since the calculated two-lepton cross section upper limit, $\simeq 39 $ fb, is so large as to be potentially detectable with the 2018 LHCb sensitivity, paving the way to the observation of the $bb\bar{b}\bar{b}$ tetraquark in the future LHCb upgrade. The $4μ$ signal for the ground state, $J^{PC}=0^{++}$, is likely to be too small even for the upgraded LHCb, but it may not be hopeless for the $J^{PC}=2^{++}$ fully-bottom state.
description: 11 pages, 1 figure
The Transition to Democracy: Collective Action and Intra-elite Conflict
Creators: name: Ghosal, Sayantan
name: Proto, Eugenio
name: Ghosal, Sayantan
name: Proto, Eugenio
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: International Development
subject: Political Economy
subject: Democracy
subject: elites' conflict
subject: collective action
subject: coalition formation
subject: party formation
subject: bargaining
subject: risk-sharing
subject: Indian democracy

description: This paper studies how intra-elite conáict results in transition to democracy, characterized as both franchise extension to, and lowering the individual cost of collective political action for, an initially disorganized non-elite. Two risk averse elites compete for the appropriation of a unit of social surplus with initial uncertainty about their future relative bargaining power. Both elements of a democracy are necessary to ensure that the two elites credibly commit to a mutually fairer share of the surplus and we derive su¢ cient conditions for democracy to emerge in equilibrium. Our formal analysis accounts for stylized facts that emerge from an analysis of Indian and West European democracies.