cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Partial characterization of the molecular basis for carotovoricin-379 sensitivity in Erwinia carotovora
Creators: name: Smith, Donna Susan
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: In the evaluation of several methods of quantifying the activity of carotovoricin-379, the tetrazolium assay and the spot-plate assay were rejected because of insensitivity and irreproducibility, respectively. An adaption of the critical dilution method, called the microtitre plate assay, overcame the weaknesses of the other methods. Found to be acceptably rapid, sensitive, and reproducible, this new method facilitated further investigations of carotovoricin-379 sensitivity in Erwlnia carotovoza subspecies atroseptica (Eca). Representative strains of the serogroups of Eca displayed different levels of sensitivity to carotovoricin-379. Because all sensitive test strains adsorbed carotovoricin-379, these differences were attributed to tolerance rather than resistance. This implied that although less sensitive strains were capable of adsorbing carotovoricin-379, the events leading to the death of the cell were not triggered. A linear relationship between the carotovoricin-379 dosage and the log of the proportion of surviving cells in test cultures indicated that carotovoricin-379 followed single-hit killing kinetics. This result showed that only one adsorbed particle which is able to reach its target of action is required to kill a cell. In less sensitive strains, therefore, a high proportion of adsorbed particles are unable to reach the site of action. Increased relative fluorescence of 8-anilino-1-naphthalene sulfonic acid (ANS) was observed upon treatment of sensitive cells with carotovoricin-379. These increases were not observed when non-sensitive cells were treated in an identical manner. Because ANS fluorescence is a qualitative indicator of membrane polarization, these results indicated that carotovoricin-379 acts by effecting a collapse of the proton motive force. The cytoplasmic membrane, therefore, was tentatively identified as the target of action of carotovoricin-379. Sodium dodecylsulfate polyacryamide gel electrophesis of membrane proteins extracted from sensitive cells revealed that these proteins were distributed into either the Triton-soluble or insoluble fractions. Carotovoricin-379 neutralization activity, however, was distributed evenly between them, correlating with the distribution of lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Membrane protein failed to neutralize carotovoricin-379 activity. LPS from sensitive cells, however, exhibited neutralization activity. Neutralization activity was sensitive to periodate, suggesting that the receptor site is carbohydrate. Direct binding of carotovoricin-379 to the LPS was demonstrated with an indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay using polyclonal antiserum raised against carotovoricin-379. Strong positive reactions were obtained with LPS from sensitive strains; however the reaction obtained with non-sensitive strains were either extemely weak or negative. From these results it was concluded that the carotovoricin-379 receptor site in Erwinia carotovora is located on the LPS.
Zigzag nanoribbon of gated bilayer hexagonal crystals with spontaneous edge magnetism
Creators: name: Luo, Ma
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Zigzag nanoribbons of monolayer graphene-like two-dimensional materials host spontaneous edge magnetism at the zigzag terminations, whose configuration controls the band gap. In this article, the edge magnetism of zigzag nanoribbons of bilayer hexagonal crystals are studied. The specific models of bilayer graphene and bilayer silicene are both studied. As the gated voltage increases, the total energy level, magnetic structure and band structures of the ground state and the first quasi-stable excited state are tuned. For certain region of the gated voltage, the band gaps of spin up and down are opened and closed, respectively, so that the systems are in the spin-polarized metallic phase. The spin-polarized conducting edge band of the bilayer nanoribbons could be applied for gate tunable spintronic devices.
description: 7 figures
Patterns of coexisting superconducting and particle-hole condensates
Creators: name: Tsonis, S.
name: Kotetes, P.
name: Varelogiannis, G.
name: Littlewood, P. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have studied systematically the influence of particle-hole symmetric and asymmetric kinetic terms on the ordered phases that we may observe competing or coexisting in a tetragonal system. We show that there are precise patterns of triplets of ordered phases that are accessible (i.e. it is impossible to observe two of them without the third one). We found a systematic way to predict these patterns of states and tested it by identifying at least 16 different patterns of three order parameters that necessarily coexist in the presence of the kinetic terms. We show that there are two types of general equations governing the competition of all these triplets of order parameters and we provide them.
description: Published version
Self-Shielding Copper Substrate Neutron Supermirror Guides
Creators: name: Bentley, P. M.
name: Hall-Wilton, R.
name: Cooper-Jensen, C. P.
name: Cherkashyna, N.
name: Kanaki, K.
name: Schanzer, C.
name: Schneider, M.
name: Boeni, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The invention of self-shielding copper substrate neutron guides is described, along with the rationale behind the development, and the realisation of commercial supply. The relative advantages with respect to existing technologies are quantified. These include ease of manufacture, long lifetime, increased thermal conductivity, and enhanced fast neutron attenuation in the keV-MeV energy range. Whilst the activation of copper is initially higher than for other material options, for the full energy spectrum, many of the isotopes are short-lived, so that for realistic maintenance access times the radiation dose to workers is expected to be lower than steel and in the lowest zoning category for radiation safety outside the spallation target monolith. There is no impact on neutron reflectivity performance relative to established alternatives, and the manufacturing cost is similar to other polished metal substrates.
ПСИХО-МОРФОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ ИЗМЕНЕНИЯ СТРУКТУРЫ СЕКРЕТА ПРОСТАТЫ У ПОЖИЛЫХ
Creators: name: Абдумуминов, Б.Р.
name: Мохаммед, Саджид Аршад
name: Ганиева, Х.А.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: В различные периоды жизни мужчины претерпевает метаморфозы. До начала полового созревания в ее строении преобладают преимущественно мышечные ткани и малый объем. К пожилому возрасту нормальная инволюция приводит к уменьшению объема железы, а гипертрофическая – к его увеличению.
Determination of Site amplification in the Campania-Lucania Region (southern Italy) by comparison of different Site-Response Estimation Techniques
Creators: name: Cantore, Luciana
Publisher: name: Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II
Year: 2008

description: We have applied a non-linear inversion technique to estimate both the earthquake source parameters and site response from a set of microearthquake records acquired by a dense seismic network, in order to provide a simple uniform site classification for the strong-motion stations installed in Campania-Lucania region (Southern Italy) by ISNet network.
The main assumption of this inversion method, is the linear response of the sites with respect to the input earthquakes. The technique is applied to horizontal acceleration and velocity records of 101 seismic events occurred in the Campania-Lucania region. We assumed the -2 source model, a R-1 geometric attenuation, and a frequency dependent anelastic attenuation factor. All the records are corrected by propagation path such that only the source and site effects remain in the records.  The site effect at each station is thus obtained from the spectral ratio between the corrected amplitude displacement spectrum and the theoretical spectrum retrieved from the inversion. The estimated transfer functions show that stations located on stiff and soft soils attenuate the ground motion in the high frequency range, while the site effects for rock site present significant amplification at higher frequencies than 2.0 Hz. Next, at each station, the retrieved site-amplification spectra are averaged within four frequency bands: (Ib) 1-5 Hz, (IIb) 5-10 Hz, 10-15 Hz and 15-20 Hz. These bands are chosen based on the size of the analyzed earthquakes and to retrieve the amplification coefficient for different input ground motion parameters, such as PGA, PGV or Sa(T) that are "moderate-to-high" frequency parameters.
Finally, we constructed four maps, one for each frequency band in order to correlate the average site amplifications with superficial geology. The accuracy of the site response maps will evolve as more data became available in order to highlight significant variations in site response for different geologic unit.
Программа дисциплины «Региональная экология»
Creators: name: А.Н., Ямсков
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2008
Subjects: геоэкология
экологическое образование
региональные экологические проблемы
экологическая ситуация

description: Программа дисциплины специализации на 24 аудиторных часа (4-й год обучения), читавшейся автором на Географическом факультете Московского Городского Педагогического Университета в конце 2000-х – начале 2010-х гг.
MPEC 2023-Y86 : DAILY ORBIT UPDATE (2023 December 26)
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Computation of Gravitational Particle Production Using Adiabatic Invariants
Creators: name: Basso, Edward E.
name: Chung, Daniel J. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Analytic and numerical techniques are presented for computing gravitational production of scalar particles in the limit that the inflaton mass is much larger than the Hubble expansion rate at the end of inflation. These techniques rely upon adiabatic invariants and time modeling of a typical inflaton field which has slow and fast time variation components. A faster computation time for numerical integration is achieved via subtraction of slowly varying components that are ultimately exponentially suppressed. The fast oscillatory remnant results in production of scalar particles with a mass larger than the inflationary Hubble expansion rate through a mechanism analogous to perturbative particle scattering. An improved effective Boltzmann collision equation description of this particle production mechanism is developed. This model allows computation of the spectrum using only adiabatic invariants, avoiding the need to explicitly solve the inflaton equations of motion.
description: 37 pages, 5 figures
Phonon and Magnetic Pairing Mechanisms in High-Temperature Superconductors in the Strong Correlation Mode
Creators: name: Shneyder, E. I.
name: Ovchinnikov, S. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The t-t'-t''-J model of electrons interacting with three phonon modes (breathing, apical breathing, and buckling) is considered. The wave-vector dependence of the matrix elements of the electron-phonon interaction leads to opposite contributions to the pairing potential with the d-symmetry: the buckling mode facilitates electron pairing, while the breathing mode suppresses it. As a result, the critical temperature of La{2 - x}Sr{x}CuO{4} that is associated with the magnetic mechanism is lowered when phonons are taken into account.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures
Magnetic and tidal migration of close-in planets. Influence of secular evolution on their population
Creators: name: Ahuir, Jérémy
name: Strugarek, Antoine
name: Brun, Allan-Sacha
name: Mathis, Stéphane
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Over the last two decades, a large population of close-in planets has been detected around a wide variety of host stars. Such exoplanets are likely to undergo planetary migration through magnetic and tidal interactions. We aim to follow the orbital evolution of a planet along the structural and rotational evolution of its host star by taking into account simultaneously tidal and magnetic torques, in order to explain some properties of the distribution of observed close-in planets. We rely on a numerical model of a coplanar circular star-planet system taking into account stellar structural changes, wind braking and star-planet interactions, called ESPEM. We browse the parameter space of star-planet systems' configurations and assess the relative influence of magnetic and tidal torques on secular evolution. We then synthesize star-planet populations and confront their distribution in orbital and stellar rotation periods to Kepler satellite data. First, we find that after the dissipation of the protoplanetary disk, both types of interactions can dominate secular evolution depending on the initial configuration of the system and the evolutionary phase considered. Moreover, different populations of star-planet systems emerge from the combined action of both kinds of interactions, according to the evolutionary phase during which the planet migrates significantly. This may affect significantly the detectability of star-planet systems as well as the validity of gyrochonology. All in all, star-planet interactions significantly impact the global distribution in orbital periods during the main sequence, while the global distribution in stellar rotation periods is marginally affected. More precisely, star-planet magnetic interactions significantly affect the distribution of super-Earths around slowly rotating stars, while tidal effects are found to shape the distribution of giant planets.
description: 28 pages, 24 figures, accepted for publication in A&A
Fractons and exotic symmetries from branes
Creators: name: Geng, Hao
name: Kachru, Shamit
name: Karch, Andreas
name: Nally, Richard
name: Rayhaun, Brandon C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The emerging study of fractons, a new type of quasi-particle with restricted mobility, has motivated the construction of several classes of interesting continuum quantum field theories with novel properties. One such class consists of foliated field theories which, roughly, are built by coupling together fields supported on the leaves of foliations of spacetime. Another approach, which we refer to as exotic field theory, focuses on constructing Lagrangians consistent with special symmetries (like subsystem symmetries) that are adjacent to fracton physics. A third framework is that of infinite-component Chern-Simons theories, which attempts to generalize the role of conventional Chern-Simons theory in describing (2+1)D Abelian topological order to fractonic order in (3+1)D. The study of these theories is ongoing, and many of their properties remain to be understood. Historically, it has been fruitful to study QFTs by embedding them into string theory. One way this can be done is via D-branes, extended objects whose dynamics can, at low energies, be described in terms of conventional quantum field theory. QFTs that can be realized in this way can then be analyzed using the rich mathematical and physical structure of string theory. In this paper, we show that foliated field theories, exotic field theories, and infinite-component Chern-Simons theories can all be realized on the world-volumes of branes. We hope that these constructions will ultimately yield valuable insights into the physics of these interesting field theories.
description: 40 pages. 8 figures. 8 tables. Corrected typos. Modified references and acknowledgements. Adjusted formatting
The Universe from a Single Particle II
Creators: name: Freedman, Michael
name: Zini, Modjtaba Shokrian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We continue to explore, in the context of a toy model, the hypothesis that the interacting universe we see around us could result from single particle (undergraduate) quantum mechanics via a novel spontaneous symmetry breaking (SSB) acting at the level of probability distributions on Hamiltonians (rather than on states as is familiar from both Ginzburg-Landau superconductivity and the Higgs mechanism). In an earlier paper [7] we saw qubit structure emerge spontaneously on $\mathbb{C}^4$ and $\mathbb{C}^8$, and in this work we see $\mathbb{C}^6$ spontaneously decomposing as $\mathbb{C}^2\otimes \mathbb{C}^3$ and very curiously $\mathbb{C}^5$ (and $\mathbb{C}^7$) splitting off one (one or three) directions and then factoring. This evidence provides additional support for the broad hypothesis: Nature will seek out tensor decompositions where none are present. We consider how this finding may form a basis for the origins of interaction and ask if it can be related to established foundational discussions such as string theory.
description: Edited and published
TILSHUNOSLIK TARIXI VA UNING DAVRLARGA BO`LININSHI
Creators: name: Qalandarova, Soxiba
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Tilshunoslik alohida, mustaqil fan sifatida XIX asrning birinchi choragida (1816 yilda) fanlar olamiga kirib keldi. Shak-shubhasiz, tilshunoslik ham boshqa qator fanlar kabi tadqiqotlar, tajribalar, izlanishlar, g`oyalar, kuzatishlar natijasi, «mahsuli» sifatida o`zining alohida o`rganish ob`ektiga va tekshirish metodiga ega bo`ldi. Qat`iy aytish mumkinki, jahon tilshunosligi fani ham shu kungi taraqqiyot bosqichiga etib kelguncha uzoq tarixiy taraqqiyot davrini, «o`sish» davrini bosib o`tdi.
Occlusion-aware Visual Tracker using Spatial Structural Information and Dominant Features
Creators: name: Zhu, Rongtai Caiand Peng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: I.2.10

description: To overcome the problem of occlusion in visual tracking, this paper proposes an occlusion-aware tracking algorithm. The proposed algorithm divides the object into discrete image patches according to the pixel distribution of the object by means of clustering. To avoid the drifting of the tracker to false targets, the proposed algorithm extracts the dominant features, such as color histogram or histogram of oriented gradient orientation, from these image patches, and uses them as cues for tracking. To enhance the robustness of the tracker, the proposed algorithm employs an implicit spatial structure between these patches as another cue for tracking; Afterwards, the proposed algorithm incorporates these components into the particle filter framework, which results in a robust and precise tracker. Experimental results on color image sequences with different resolutions show that the proposed tracker outperforms the comparison algorithms on handling occlusion in visual tracking.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures, Journal
Atmospheric Calorimetry above 10$^{19}$ eV: Shooting Lasers at the Pierre Auger Cosmic-Ray Observatory
Creators: name: Wiencke, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Pierre Auger Cosmic-Ray Observatory uses the earth's atmosphere as a calorimeter to measure extensive air-showers created by particles of astrophysical origin. Some of these particles carry joules of energy. At these extreme energies, test beams are not available in the conventional sense. Yet understanding the energy response of the observatory is important. For example, the propagation distance of the highest energy cosmic-rays through the cosmic microwave background radiation (CMBR) is predicted to be strong function of energy. This paper will discuss recently reported results from the observatory and the use of calibrated pulsed UV laser "test-beams" that simulate the optical signatures of ultra-high energy cosmic rays. The status of the much larger 200,000 km$^3$ companion detector planned for the northern hemisphere will also be outlined.
description: 6 pages, 11 figures XIII International Conference on Calorimetry in High Energy Physics
The geometry of bipartite qutrits including bound entanglement
Creators: name: Baumgartner, B.
name: Hiesmayr, B. C.
name: Narnhofer, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the state space of bipartite qutrits. We construct an analog to the "magic" tetrahedron for bipartite qubits--a magic simplex W. It is formed by all convex combination of nine Bell states which are constructed using the Weyl operators. Due to the high symmetry it is enough to consider certain typical slices through W. Via optimal entanglement witnesses we find regions of bound entangled states inside W.
description: extended version: new results added, 6 pages, 6 figures. accepted by Physics Letters A
Testing Magnetic Star Formation Theory
Creators: name: Crutcher, Richard M.
name: Hakobian, Nicholas
name: Troland, Thomas H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report here observations of the Zeeman effect in the 18-cm lines of OH in the envelope regions surrounding four molecular cloud cores toward which detections of B(LOS) have been achieved in the same lines, and evaluate the ratio of mass to magnetic flux, M/Phi, between the cloud core and envelope. This relative M/Phi measurement reduces uncertainties in previous studies, such as the angle between B and the line of sight and the value of [OH/H]. Our result is that for all four clouds, the ratios R of the core to the envelope values of M/Phi are less than 1. Stated another way, the ratios R' of the core to the total cloud M/Phi are less than 1. The extreme case or idealized (no turbulence) ambipolar diffusion theory of core formation requires the ratio of the central to total M/Phi to be approximately equal to the inverse of the original subcritical M/Phi, or R' > 1. The probability that all four of our clouds have R' > 1 is 3 x 10^{-7}; our results are therefore significantly in contradiction with the hypothesis that these four cores were formed by ambipolar diffuson. Highly super-Alfvenic turbulent simulations yield a wide range of relative M/Phi, but favor a ratio R < 1, as we observe. Our experiment is limited to four clouds, and we can only directly test the predictions of the extreme-case "idealized" models of ambipolar-diffusion driven star formation that have a regular magnetic field morphology. Nonetheless, our experimental results are not consistent with the "idealized" strong field, ambipolar diffusion theory of star formation.
description: 30 pages, 6 figures; paper revised after journal review, now accepted by ApJ
Mismatched Models to Lower Bound the Capacity of Dual-Polarization Optical Fiber Channels
Creators: name: Garcia-Gomez, Francisco Javier
name: Kramer, Gerhard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Regular perturbation is applied to the Manakov equation and motivates a generalized correlated phase-and-additive noise model for wavelength-division multiplexing over dual-polarization optical fiber channels. The model includes three hidden Gauss-Markov processes: phase noise, polarization rotation, and additive noise. Particle filtering is used to compute lower bounds on the capacity of multi-carrier communication with frequency-dependent powers and delays. A gain of 0.17 bits/s/Hz/pol in spectral efficiency or 0.8 dB in power efficiency is achieved with respect to existing models at their peak data rate. Frequency-dependent delays also increase the spectral efficiency of single-polarization channels.
description: Published in JLT (http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/JLT.2021.3069686)
Superconducting Chevrel phase PbMo$_{6}$S$_{8}$ from first principles
Creators: name: Marini, Giovanni
name: Sanna, Antonio
name: Pellegrini, Camilla
name: Bersier, Christophe
name: Tosatti, Erio
name: Profeta, Gianni
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Chevrel ternary superconductors show an intriguing coexistence of molecular aspects, large electron-phonon and electron-electron correlations, which to some extent still impedes their quantitative understanding. We present a first principles study on the prototypical Chevrel compound PbMo$_{6}$S$_{8}$, including electronic, structural and vibrational properties at zero and high pressure. We confirm the presence of an extremely strong electron-phonon coupling, linked to the proximity to a R$\overline{3}$-P$\overline{1}$ structural phase transition, which weakens as the system, upon applied pressures, is driven away from the phase boundary. A detailed description of the superconducting state is obtained by means of fully \textit{ab initio} superconducting density functional theory (SCDFT). SCDFT accounts for the role of phase instability, electron-phonon coupling with different intra- and inter-molecular phonon modes, and without any empirical parameter, and accurately reproduces the experimental critical temperature and gap. This study provides the conclusive confirmation that Chevrel phases are phonon driven superconductors mitigated, however, by an uncommonly strong Coulomb repulsion. The latter is generated by the combined effect of repulsive Mo states at the Fermi energy and a band gap in close proximity to the Fermi level. This is crucial to rationalize why Chevrel phases, in spite of their extreme electron-phonon coupling, have critical temperatures below 15~K. In addition, we predict the evolution of the superconducting critical temperature as a function of the external pressure, showing an excellent agreement with available experimental data.
VODOROD ATOMI
Creators: name: Ro'ziboyev, Zafarbek
name: Jumaboyev, Jasurbek
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Ushbu maqolada vodorod atomlari xususan uning faoliyati, tuzilishi hamda joylashuv o’rni, vodorod atomining bugungi kundagi ahamiyati haqida so’z yuritiladi.
The Plasma Universe: A Coherent Science Theme for Voyage 2050
Creators: name: Verscharen, D.
name: Wicks, R. T.
name: Branduardi-Raymont, G.
name: Erdélyi, R.
name: Frontera, F.
name: Götz, C.
name: Guidorzi, C.
name: Lebouteiller, V.
name: Matthews, S. A.
name: Nicastro, F.
name: Rae, I. J.
name: Retinò, A.
name: Simionescu, A.
name: Soffitta, P.
name: Uttley, P.
name: Wimmer-Schweingruber, R. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In review of the White Papers from the Voyage 2050 process and after the public presentation of a number of these papers in October 2019 in Madrid, we as White Paper lead authors have identified a coherent science theme that transcends the divisions around which the Topical Teams are structured. This note aims to highlight this synergistic science theme and to make the Topical Teams and the Voyage 2050 Senior Committee aware of the wide importance of these topics and the broad support that they have across the worldwide science community.
description: 5 pages, published in Frontiers in Astronomy and Space Science
The Light Scalar Mesons a_0/f_0(980) at COSY-Juelich
Creators: name: Buescher, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The light scalar mesons a_0/f_0(980) are being investigated at COSY-Juelich by detecting the strong decays into K-K-bar and pi-eta/pi-pi as well as radiative decays into vector mesons. Selected results are discussed with emphasis on recent measurements at the ANKE and WASA spectrometers.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures; Invited talk presented at SCADRON 70: Workshop on "Scalar Mesons and Related Topics", Lisbon, Portugal, 11-16 February 2008
Probing extra dimensions with higher dimensional black hole analogues?
Creators: name: Ge, Xian-Hui
name: Kim, Sung-Won
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose that extra dimensions might be detected with higher dimensional analogues of black holes. The usual 4-dimensional acoustic(sonic)black hole metric is extended to arbitrary dimensions. The absorption cross-section of Hawking radiation on the brane and in the bulk are calculated in the semiclassical approximation.
description: 16 pages, 5 figures; Version 2, some references added
Quasi-reversible Magnetoresistance in Exchange Spring Tunnel Junctions
Creators: name: Zhu, M.
name: Wilson, M. J.
name: Mitra, P.
name: Schiffer, P.
name: Samarth, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report a large, quasi-reversible tunnel magnetoresistance in exchange-biased ferromagnetic semiconductor tunnel junctions wherein a soft ferromagnetic semiconductor (\gma) is exchange coupled to a hard ferromagnetic metal (MnAs). Our observations are consistent with the formation of a region of inhomogeneous magnetization (an "exchange spring") within the biased \gma layer. The distinctive tunneling anisotropic magnetoresistance of \gma produces a pronounced sensitivity of the magnetoresistance to the state of the exchange spring.
Higher Derivative Corrections to Locally Black Brane Metrics
Creators: name: Dutta, Suvankar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we generalize the construction of locally boosted black brane space time to higher derivative gravities. We consider the Gauss-Bonnet term (with coefficient $α'$) as a toy example. We find the solution to the $α'$ corrected Einstein equations to first order in the boundary derivative expansion. This allows us to find the $α'$ corrections to the boundary stress tensor in the presence of the Gauss-Bonnet term in the bulk action. We therefore obtain the ratio of shear viscosity to entropy which agrees with other methods of computation in the literature.
description: 0+17 pages
ESTADO ACTUAL DEL PROYECTO PREVENTIVO DE LA POLIQUISTOSIS RENAL AUTOSÓMICA DOMINANTE (PQRAD)
Creators: name: Esteban-de-la-Rosa, Rafael-José
name: Bravo-Soto, Juan-Antonio
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: The value of the ADPKD preventive project is becoming more and more compelling: we still do not have curative treatment, clinical trials have failed so far and a significant number of patients and their families face the scenario of renal replacement treatment, either dialysis or transplant. renal. Hence, promoting reproductive options that prevent the transmission of the disease to offspring is an unmet need that has also proven to be cost-efficient.
Long-range and selective coupler for superconducting flux qubits
Creators: name: Nakano, H.
name: Kakuyanagi, K.
name: Ueda, M.
name: Semba, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a qubit-qubit coupling scheme for superconducting flux quantum bits (qubits), where a quantized Josephson junction resonator and microwave irradiation are utilized. The junction is used as a tunable inductance controlled by changing the bias current flowing through the junction, and thus the circuit works as a tunable resonator. This enables us to make any qubits interact with the resonator. Entanglement between two of many qubits whose level splittings satisfy some conditions, is formed by microwave irradiation causing a two-photon Rabi oscillation. Since the size of the resonator can be as large as sub-millimeters and qubits interact with it via mutual inductance, our scheme makes it possible to construct a quantum gate involving remote qubits
description: 8 pages, 4 figures
A dairy cattle breeding and management computer simulation program for teaching and research
Creators: name: Skinner, John
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: The increased power and availability of computers has resulted in an increase in the value of simulation as a means of furthering our understanding of systems. Reducing the components and interactions of a system to mathematical models enables simulation to provide a clear basis of the system and this can be useful for teaching and research. Simulation is especially suited for studying genetic gain in dairy cattle because there are already reliable mathematical models available. Analyzing genetic gain in practice is difficult due to the numerous and diverse factors that affect it. This project has provided a computer program that simulates the inheritance of the economically important traits in dairy cattle and includes interactions with the biological, management and economic factors which can affect genetic gain. It was designed primarily as a teaching tool for senior undergraduate students in animal genetics or dairy science, to heighten students interest and encourage them to think more deeply about the subject. Features were also included to make the simulation useful in research for stimulating and refining research objectives and for analyzing questions not easily tested in the field. The program models the system at the cow level with critical management decisions made on a continuous basis and summaries and other management decisions on a calendar year basis. Mature equivalent milk production is given in Breed Class Averages and the quota system of limiting milk production is used so that any small Canadian dairy population can be simulated. Parameters are provided and documented for simulating a Fraser Valley population. Since a dairy population is an extremely complex system improvements and expansions to this simulation can be made. While some expansions and improvements are possible with existing information many would require more research to provide parameters and bases for models. Use and testing should reveal the changes that are the most beneficial and feasible. The program has been written in a modularized form to more easily facilitate changes and additions. Full instructions, sample runs and documentation have been included to encourage knowledgeable use and expansion of the program.
Maximizing the capture velocity of molecular magneto-optical traps with Bayesian optimization
Creators: name: Xu, S
name: Kaebert, P
name: Stepanova, M
name: Poll, T
name: Siercke, M
name: Ospelkaus, S
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Magneto-optical trapping (MOT) is a key technique on the route towards ultracold molecular ensembles. However, the realization and optimization of magneto-optical traps with their wide parameter space is particularly difficult. Here, we present a very general method for the optimization of molecular magneto-optical trap operation by means of Bayesian optimization (BO). As an example for a possible application, we consider the optimization of a calcium fluoride (CaF) MOT for maximum capture velocity. We find that both the $X^2Σ^+\,$ to $A^2Π_{1/2}\,$ and the $X^2Σ^+\,$ to $B^2Σ^+\,$ transition to allow for capture velocities larger than $20$ m/s with $24$ m/s and $23$ m/s respectively at a total laser power of $200$ mW. In our simulation, the optimized capture velocity depends logarithmically on the beam power within the simulated power range of $25$ to $400$ mW. Applied to heavy molecules such as BaH and BaF with their low capture velocity MOTs it might offer a route to far more robust magneto-optical trapping.
description: 15 pages, 9 figures
AFM local oxidation nanolithography of graphene
Creators: name: Weng, Lishan
name: Zhang, Liyuan
name: Chen, Yong P.
name: Rokhinson, Leonid P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate the local oxidation nanopatterning of graphene films by an atomic force microscope. The technique provides a method to form insulating trenches in graphene flakes and to fabricate nanodevices with sub-nm precision. We demonstrate fabrication of a 25-nm-wide nanoribbon and sub-micron size nanoring from a graphene flake. We also found that we can write either trenches or bumps on the graphene surface depending on the lithography conditions. We attribute the bumps to partial oxidation of the surface and incorporation of oxygen into the graphene lattice.
The cosmological behaviour and the statefinder diagnosis for the New Tsallis agegraphic dark energy
Creators: name: Sharma, Umesh Kumar
name: Srivastava, Shikha
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, we have considered the recently proposed new Tsallis Agegraphic Dark Energy model (NTADE) (Mod. Phys. Lett. A 34, 1950086, 2019) within the framework of a flat Friedmann-Robertson-Walker(FRW) Universe by taking various values of the parameter $δ$. The NTADE model shows the current phase transition of the Universe from decelerated to accelerated phase. The NTADE EoS parameter shows a rich behaviour as it can be quintessence-like or phantom-like depending on the value of $δ$. For discriminating the NTADE model from $Λ$CDM, we have plotted the statefinder parameters $r(z)$, $s(z)$ and $(r, s)$, $(r, q)$ pair. The NTADE model shows distinct evolutionary trajectories of their evolution in ($ r, s$) and ($ r, q$) plane. An analysis using the snap parameter and the $ω_{D}-ω_{D}^{'}$ pair dynamical analysis have also been performed.
description: 10 pages, 7 figures
Flexible terahertz opto-electronic frequency comb light source tunable over 3.5 THz
Creators: name: Theiner, Dominik
name: Limbacher, Benedikt
name: Jaidl, Michael
name: Unterrainer, Karl
name: Darmo, Juraj
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate a terahertz (THz) frequency comb that is flexible in terms of its frequency range and the number and spacing of comb lines. We use a combination of near-infrared laser diodes, phase modulation and opto-electronic frequency conversion. The THz comb lines are characterized to be < 10 MHz by resolving the pressure dependent collisional broadening of an ammonia molecule rotational mode.
description: manuscript version 2
Pade approximants of random Stieltjes series
Creators: name: Marklof, Jens
name: Tourigny, Yves
name: Wolowski, Lech
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 15A52

description: We consider the random continued fraction S(t) := 1/(s_1 + t/(s_2 + t/(s_3 + >...))) where the s_n are independent random variables with the same gamma distribution. For every realisation of the sequence, S(t) defines a Stieltjes function. We study the convergence of the finite truncations of the continued fraction or, equivalently, of the diagonal Pade approximants of the function S(t). By using the Dyson--Schmidt method for an equivalent one-dimensional disordered system, and the results of Marklof et al. (2005), we obtain explicit formulae (in terms of modified Bessel functions) for the almost-sure rate of convergence of these approximants, and for the almost-sure distribution of their poles.
description: To appear in Proc Roy Soc
Study of the Alfven Eigenmodes stability in CFQS plasma using a Landau closure model
Creators: name: Varela, J.
name: Shimizu, A.
name: Spong, D. A.
name: Garcia, L.
name: Ghai, Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The aim of this study is to analyze the stability of the Alfven eigenmodes (AE) in the Chinese First Quasi-axisymmetric Stellarator (CFQS). The AE stability is calculated using the code FAR3d that solves the reduced MHD equations to describe the linear evolution of the poloidal flux and the toroidal component of the vorticity in a full 3D system, coupled with equations of density and parallel velocity moment for the energetic particles (EP) species including the effect of the helical couplings and acoustic modes. The Landau damping and resonant destabilization effects are added in the model by a given closure relation. The simulation results indicate the destabilization of n = 1 to 4 AEs by EP during the slowing down process, particularly n = 1 and n = 2 toroidal AEs (TAE), n = 3 elliptical AE (EAE) and n = 4 non circular AE (NAE). If the resonance is caused by EPs with an energy above 17 keV (weakly thermalized EP), n = 2 EAEs and n = 3 NAEs are unstable. On the other hand, EPs with an energy below 17 keV (late thermalization stage) lead to the destabilization of n = 3 and n = 4 TAEs. The simulations for an off-axis NBI injection indicate the further destabilization of n = 2 to 4 AEs although the growth rate of the n = 1 AEs slightly decreases, so no clear optimization trend with respect to the NBI deposition region is identified. In addition, n = 2, 4 helical AE (HAE) are unstable above an EP \b{eta} threshold. Also, if the thermal \b{eta} of the simulation increases (higher thermal plasma density) the AE stability of the plasma improves. The simulations including the effect of the finite Larmor radius and electron-ion Landau damping show the stabilization of the n = 1 to 4 EAE/NAEs as well as a decrease of the growth rate and frequency of the n = 1 to 4 BAE/TAEs.
Can a strong radio burst escape the magnetosphere of a magnetar?
Creators: name: Beloborodov, Andrei M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine the possibility that fast radio bursts (FRBs) are emitted inside the magnetosphere of a magnetar. On its way out, the radio wave must interact with a low-density $e^\pm$ plasma in the outer magnetosphere at radii $R=10^9$-$10^{10}\,$cm. In this region, the magnetospheric particles have a huge cross section for scattering the wave. As a result, the wave strongly interacts with the magnetosphere and compresses it, depositing the FRB energy into the compressed field and the scattered radiation. The scattered spectrum extends to the $γ$-ray band and triggers $e^\pm$ avalanche, further boosting the opacity. These processes choke FRBs, disfavoring scenarios with a radio source confined at $R\ll 10^{10}\,$cm. Observed FRBs can be emitted by magnetospheric flare ejecta transporting energy to large radii.
description: 6 pages, 1 figure, accepted to ApJL
Anisotropic effect of Cd and Hg doping on Pauli limited superconductor CeCoIn$_5$
Creators: name: Tokiwa, Y.
name: Movshovich, R.
name: Ronning, F.
name: Bauer, E. D.
name: Papin, P.
name: Bianchi, A. D.
name: Rauscher, J. F.
name: Kauzlarich, S. M.
name: Fisk, Z.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigated the effect of Cd and Hg doping on the first order superconducting (SC) transition and the high field-low temperature SC state of CeCoIn$_5$ by measuring the specific heat of CeCo(In$_{\rm 1-x}$Cd$_{\rm x}$)$_5$ with x=0.0011, 0.0022 and 0.0033 and CeCo(In$_{\rm 1-x}$Hg$_{\rm x}$)$_5$ with x=0.00016, 0.00032, and 0.00048 at temperatures down to 0.1 K and fields up to 14 T. Cd substitution rapidly suppresses the cross-over temperature $T_{\rm 0}$, where the superconducting transition changes from second to first order, to $T$=0 K with x=0.0022 for $H\parallel$ [100], while it remains roughly constant up to x=0.0033 for $H\parallel$ [001]. The associated anomaly of the proposed FFLO state in Hg-doped samples is washed out by x=0.00048, while remaining at the same temperature, indicating high sensitivity of that state to impurities. We interpret these results as supporting the non-magnetic, possibly FFLO, origin of the high field - low temperature state in CeCoIn$_5$.
High Frame-Rate Phase Camera for High-Resolution Wavefront Sensing in Gravitational-Wave Detectors
Creators: name: Muñiz, Erik
name: Srivastava, Varun
name: Vidyant, Subham
name: Ballmer, Stefan W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a novel way of wavefront sensing using a commercially available, continuous-wave time-of-flight camera with QVGA-resolution. This CMOS phase camera is capable of sensing externally modulated light sources with frequencies up to 100 MHz. The high-spatial-resolution of the sensor, combined with our integrated control electronics, allows the camera to image power modulation index as low as -62 dBc/second/pixel. The phase camera is applicable to problems where alignment and mode-mismatch sensing is needed and suited for diagnostic and control applications in gravitational-wave detectors. Specifically, we explore the use of the phase camera in sensing the beat signals due to thermal distortions from point-like heat absorbers on the test masses in the Advanced LIGO detectors. The camera is capable of sensing optical path distortions greater than about two nanometers in the Advanced LIGO input mirrors, limited by the phase resolution. In homodyne readout, the performance can reach up to 0.1 nm, limited by the modulation amplitude sensitivity.
description: 12 pages, 9 figures