Chiyoumeryx flavimperatoris Mennecart &amp; Aiglstorfer &amp; Li &amp; Li &amp; Wang 2021, nov. gen.
Creators: name: Mennecart, Bastien
name: Aiglstorfer, Manuela
name: Li, Yikun
name: Li, Chunxiao
name: Wang, ShiQi
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Artiodactyla
Lophiomerycidae
Chiyoumeryx
Chiyoumeryx flavimperatoris

description: <i>Chiyoumeryx</i> nov. gen. <i>flavimperatoris</i> nov. sp. Figure 1C and Figure S3. v1961 cf. <i>Miomeryx</i> sp. — Xu: 316, 323, 32426. v pars1982 <i>Lophiomeryx gracilis</i> — Miao: 532, Table 3, Fig. 9a,b 20. v non1982 <i>Lophiomeryx gracilis</i> ?— Miao: 536, Fig. 820. <i>1983 Lophiomeryx sp.</i> — Wang &amp; Zhang: 122, 12741. v <i>1983</i> cf. <i>Miomeryx</i> sp. — Wang &amp; Zhang: 12341. v <i>1997 Miomeryx sp.</i> — Vislobokova: Fig. 321. v pars <i>1997 L. gracilis</i> — Vislobokova: Fig. 321. v <i>1999</i> cf. <i>Miomeryx</i> sp. — Zhang, Long, Ji, &amp; Ding: 7, Table 527. v pars <i>2000 L. gracilis</i> — Guo, Dawson, and Beard: 247, Table 214. v pars <i>2001 L. gracilis</i> — Métais, Chaimanee, Jaeger, and Ducrocq: 239, 24117. v <i>2007 Miomeryx sp.</i> — Métais and Vislobokova: 1942. v pars <i>2012 L. gracilis</i> — Mennecart: 6234. ZooBank LSID. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:1DF6F58C-F08B-4657-BD4A-7C597653926F. <b>Etymology.</b> meaning yellow (<i>flavor-</i>) emperor (<i>imperatoris</i>) in latin. Chiyou fought with the Yellow Emperor, the ancestor of Chinese, but was defeated. <b>Diagnosis.</b> <i>Chiyoumeryx</i> nov. gen. <i>flavimperatoris</i> nov. sp. shows the above-mentioned characteristics of the genus. <i>Chiyoumeryx</i> nov. gen. <i>flavimperatoris</i> nov. sp. is smaller than <i>Chiyoumeryx</i> nov. gen. <i>shinaoensis</i> and? <i>Chiyoumeryx</i> nov. gen. <i>turgaicus</i>. Te p4 of <i>Chiyoumeryx</i> nov. gen. <i>flavimperatoris</i> nov. sp. differs from <i>Chiyoumeryx</i> nov. gen. <i>shinaoensis</i> by an oblique anterior conid, which is labio-lingually oriented in the larger species. A very short posterolingual conid is located between the posterolabial cristid and the transverse cristid in the p4 of <i>Chiyoumeryx</i> nov. gen. <i>flavimperatoris</i> nov. sp., while it is absent on <i>Chiyoumeryx</i> nov. gen. <i>shinaoensis</i>. In <i>Chiyoumeryx</i> nov. gen. <i>flavimperatoris</i> nov. sp., there is a tiny anterior cingulid, while it is absent in <i>Chiyoumeryx</i> nov. gen. <i>shinaoensis</i>. Holotype. IVPP V 6547, right mandible with p4–m3 (previously attributed to <i>Lophiomeryx gracilis</i> 20). Paratype. IVPP V 6548, lef mandible with p4–m3 (previously attributed to <i>Lophiomeryx gracilis</i> 20). Additional material. IVPP V 2600, lef p4–m2 (previously attributed to cf. <i>Miomeryx</i> sp. 26). Measurements are given in Table S1. <b>Localities.</b> Yangjiachong locality lying in the Caijiachong marls, Qujing, Yunnan, China; Shinao Basin, Panxian County, Southwestern Guizhou, China. Late Eocene. Scientific Reports | <b>Taxonomical attribution.</b> IVPP V 6547 and IVPP V 6548 from Shinao were previously attributed to <i>Lophiomeryx gracilis</i> 20, while IVPP V 2600 from Caijiachong marls was first described as cf. <i>Miomeryx</i> sp. 26. All these specimens share the same size and dental morphology, and originate from a similar stratigraphic position. Tat is why we attribute them to the same species. None of these specimens can be attributed to <i>Krabimeryx</i> or <i>Zhailymeryx,</i> as the entoconidian groove is absent 14, 17. Furthermore, the external postmetacristid is more marked in the considered specimens than in <i>Krabimeryx</i> and <i>Zhailymeryx</i>, forming a deep groove. Te third basin is also very different in the here-described specimens from <i>Krabimeryx</i> and <i>Zhailymeryx</i>: the third lobe is a little tilted parallel with the prehypoconulidcristid and posthypoconulidcristid. Te back fossa of m3 is very narrow. Furthermore, the here-described specimens can be distinguished from <i>K. gracilis</i> (previously attributed to the same species), by a smaller size and a slenderer shape. Te ectostylid is smaller than in <i>K. gracilis</i>. Te anterior cingulid in the lower molars is stronger in <i>K. gracilis</i> than in the here-considered specimens. Te small postentocristid (especially on m3) of the here-described specimens is absent in <i>K. gracilis</i>. Te here-described specimens possess all characteristics in the lower molars that are typical for <i>Chiyoumeryx</i> nov. gen. and distinguish this genus from <i>Lophiomeryx</i> 24, 34, 37. Furthermore, as in <i>Chiyoumeryx</i> nov. gen. <i>shinaoensis</i>, the p4 is laterally compressed giving it a more elongated aspect than in <i>Lophiomeryx</i> 24, 34, 37. Terefore, we consider it justified assigning the here-described specimens to <i>Chiyoumeryx</i> nov. gen. However, they differ from <i>Chiyoumeryx</i> nov. gen. <i>shinaoensis</i> in as smaller size and the morphology of the p4: (1) the anterior conid is oblique while it is labio-lingually oriented in <i>Chiyoumeryx</i> nov. gen. <i>shinaoensis</i>. (2) Tere is a tiny anterior cingulid that is absent in <i>Chiyoumeryx</i> nov. gen. <i>shinaoensis</i>. (3) Tere is no additional cristid on the mesolingual conid, which is a well-rounded conid, while in <i>Chiyoumeryx</i> nov. gen. <i>shinaoensis</i>, there is a short posterolingual cristid. (4) Te posterolingual conid stands between the posterolabial cristid and the transverse cristid, while in <i>Chiyoumeryx</i> nov. gen. <i>shinaoensis</i>, the posterolingual conid is very small and oblique between the transverse cristid and the posterior stylid and does not join the posterolabial cristid. Due to these distinct differences we erect a new species: <i>Chiyoumeryx</i> nov. gen. <i>flavimperatoris</i> nov.sp.
description: Published as part of <i>Mennecart, Bastien, Aiglstorfer, Manuela, Li, Yikun, Li, Chunxiao &amp; Wang, ShiQi, 2021, Ruminants reveal Eocene Asiatic palaeobiogeographical provinces as the origin of diachronous mammalian Oligocene dispersals into Europe, pp. 1-12 in Scientific Reports 1</i> on pages 6-7, DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-96221-x, http://zenodo.org/record/5645747
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