cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Interstrain differences in liver injury and one-carbon metabolism in alcohol-fed mice
Creators: name: Kaplowitz, Neil
name: Kosyk, Oksana
name: Shymonyak, Svitlana
name: Tsuchiya, Masato
name: Tryndyak, Volodymyr
name: Kono, Hiroshi
name: Ji, Cheng
name: Rusyn, Ivan
name: Melnyk, Stepan
name: Muskhelishvili, Levan
name: Pogribny, Igor P.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: Alcoholic liver injury is a major public health issue worldwide. Even though the major mechanisms of this disease have been established over the past decades, little is known about genetic susceptibility factors that may predispose individuals who abuse alcoholic beverages to liver damage and subsequent pathological conditions. We hypothesized that a panel of genetically diverse mouse strains may be used to examine the role of ER stress and one-carbon metabolism in the mechanism of inter-individual variability in alcoholic liver injury. We administered alcohol (up to 27 mg/kg/d) in high fat diet using intragastric intubation model for 28 days to male mice from 14 inbred strains (129S1/SvImJ, AKR/J, BALB/cJ, BALB/cByJ, BTBR T+tf/J, C3H/HeJ, C57BL/10J, DBA/2J, FVB/NJ, KK/HIJ, MOLF/EiJ, NZW/LacJ, PWD/PhJ, and WSB/EiJ). Profound inter-strain differences (more than 3-fold) in alcohol-induced steatohepatitis were observed among the strains in spite of consistently high levels of urine alcohol that was monitored throughout the study. We found that endoplasmic reticulum stress genes were induced only in strains with the highest liver injury. Liver glutathione and methyl donor levels were affected in all strains, albeit to a different degree. Most pronounced effects that were closely associated with the degree of liver injury were hyperhomocysteinemia and strain-dependent differences in expression patterns of one-carbon metabolism-related genes.
Black hole production, eternal inflation, and information in quasi-de Sitter space
Creators: name: Seo, Min-Seok
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: When the slow-roll parameter $ε_H$ is smaller than $H^2/M_{\rm Pl}^2$, the quantum fluctuations of the inflaton after the horizon crossing are large enough to realize eternal inflation. Whereas they do not generate a sufficient amount of density fluctuation of the inflaton to produce the black hole in quasi-de Sitter space, they can also generate the sizeable density fluctuation of the radiation when the number of degrees of freedom increases rapidly in time, as predicted by the distance conjecture. We argue that the condition that the density fluctuation of the radiation is not large enough to produce the black hole until the end of inflation is equivalent to the no eternal inflation condition. When the radiation emitted by the horizon does not produce the black hole, even if the number of degrees of freedom increases in time, the information paradox does not arise for $ε_H$ larger than $10^{-7} (H^2/ M_{\rm Pl}^2)$ and time scale shorter than $10^4 (M_{\rm Pl}/H^2)$. Regardless of the presence of the information paradox, a static observer cannot retrieve a sufficient amount of information, which is consistent with the complementarity.
description: 16 pages, version published in JCAP
A global view of hepatitis C: Physician knowledge, opinions, and perceived barriers to care
Creators: name: Mallolas, Josep
name: Bacon, Bruce R.
name: Fried, Michael W.
name: Monis, Ali
name: Goncales, Fernando L.
name: McGowan, Christopher E.
name: Poordad, Fred
name: Goulis, Ioannis
name: Piratvisuth, Teerha
name: Afdhal, Nezam
name: Marcellin, Patrick
name: Zeuzem, Stefan
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: Chronic infection with the hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a leading cause of global morbidity and mortality. While recent advances in antiviral therapy have led to significant improvements in treatment response rates, only a minority of infected patients is treated. Multiple barriers may impede the delivery of HCV therapy.
Human and experimental evidence supporting a role for osteopontin in alcoholic hepatitis: Hepatology
Creators: name: Laso, Francisco-Javier
name: Sancho-Bru, Pau
name: Ki, Sung H.
name: García-Pagán, Juan Carlos
name: Marcos, Miguel
name: Gao, Bin
name: Abraldes, Juan G.
name: Morales-Ibanez, Oriol
name: Arroyo, Vicente
name: Altamirano, José
name: Nguyen-Khac, Eric
name: Bataller, Ramón
name: Michelena, Javier
name: Domínguez, Marlene
name: Chaves, Javier F.
name: Affò, Silvia
name: Houchi, Hakim
name: Caballería, Juan
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: We identified in the transcriptome analysis of patients with alcoholic hepatitis (AH) osteopontin (OPN) as one of the most up-regulated genes. Here, we used a translational approach to investigate its pathogenic role. OPN hepatic gene expression was quantified in patients with AH and other liver diseases. OPN protein expression and processing were assessed by immmunohistochemistry, Western blotting and ELISA. OPN gene polymorphisms were evaluated in patients with alcoholic liver disease. The role of OPN was evaluated in OPN−/− mice with alcohol-induced liver injury. OPN biological actions were studied in human hepatic stellate cells and in precision-cut liver slices. Hepatic expression and serum levels of OPN were markedly increased in AH compared to normal livers and other types of chronic liver diseases and correlated with short-term survival. Serum levels of OPN also correlated with hepatic expression and disease severity. OPN was mainly expressed in areas with inflammation and fibrosis. Two proteases that process OPN (thrombin and MMP-7) and cleaved-OPN were increased in livers with AH. Patients with AH had a tendency of a lower frequency of the CC genotype of the +1239C SNP of the OPN gene compared to patients with alcohol abuse without liver disease. Importantly, OPN−/− mice were protected against alcohol-induced liver injury and showed decreased expression of inflammatory cytokines. Finally, OPN was induced by LPS and stimulated inflammatory actions in hepatic stellate cells.
Neutrino specific spin-3/2 dark matter
Creators: name: Goyal, Ashok
name: Khojali, Mohammed Omer
name: Kumar, Mukesh
name: Cornell, Alan S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we consider a spin-$\frac{3}{2}$ dark matter (DM) particle coupled to neutrinos as a viable candidate to produce the observed DM relic density through the thermal freeze-out mechanism. The couplings of DM to neutrinos is considered first in a most general dimension six effective field theory framework. We then consider two specific neutrino-portal models discussed in the literature. In the first model DM couples to the standard model neutrinos through mixing generated by a sterile pseudo-Dirac massive neutrino and the second model we consider is the widely studied $U(1)_{L_μ- L_τ}$ gauge symmetric model. For each of these models we explore the parameter space required to generate the observed relic density. The constraints on the parameters of these models from the existing and proposed neutrino experiments as well as from existing cosmological and astrophysical bounds are considered in the context of the relic density calculations.
description: 10 pages, 1 table, 4 figures, published version in EPJC
Quantum Diamond Radio Frequency Signal Analyser based on Nitrogen-Vacancy centers
Creators: name: Magaletti, Simone
name: Mayer, Ludovic
name: Roch, Jean-François
name: Debuisschert, Thierry
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The fast development of radio-frequency (RF) technologies increases the need for compact, low consumption and broadband real-time RF spectral analyser. To overcome the electronic bottleneck encountered by electronic solutions, which limits the real time bandwidth to hundreds of MHz, we propose a new approach exploiting the quantum properties of the nitrogen-vacancy (NV) center in diamond. Here we describe a Quantum Diamond Signal Analyser (Q-DiSA) platform and characterize its performances. We successfully detect RF signals over a large tunable frequency range (25 GHz), a wide instantaneous bandwidth (up to 4 GHz), a MHz frequency resolution (down to 1 MHz), a ms temporal resolution and a large dynamic range (40 dB).
A shape-topological control problem for nonlinear crack - defect interaction: the anti-plane variational model
Creators: name: Kovtunenko, Victor A.
name: Leugering, Günter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35B25, 49J40, 49Q10, 74G70

description: We consider the shape-topological control of a singularly perturbed variational inequality. The geometry-dependent state problem that we address in this paper concerns a heterogeneous medium with a micro-object (defect) and a macro-object (crack) modeled in 2d. The corresponding nonlinear optimization problem subject to inequality constraints at the crack is considered within a general variational framework. For the reason of asymptotic analysis, singular perturbation theory is applied resulting in the topological sensitivity of an objective function representing the release rate of the strain energy. In the vicinity of the nonlinear crack, the anti-plane strain energy release rate is expressed by means of the mode-III stress intensity factor, that is examined with respect to small defects like micro-cracks, holes, and inclusions of varying stiffness. The result of shape-topological control is useful either for arrests or rise of crack growth.
description: 24 pages, 1 figure
An infinity of black holes
Creators: name: Horowitz, Gary T.
name: Wang, Diandian
name: Ye, Xiaohua
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In general relativity (without matter), there is typically a one parameter family of static, maximally symmetric black hole solutions labelled by their mass. We show that there are situations with many more black holes. We study asymptotically anti-de Sitter solutions in six and seven dimensions having a conformal boundary which is a product of spheres cross time. We show that the number of families of static, maximally symmetric black holes depends on the ratio, $λ$, of the radii of the boundary spheres. As $λ$ approaches a critical value, $λ_{c}$, the number of such families becomes infinite. In each family, we can take the size of the black hole to zero, obtaining an infinite number of static, maximally symmetric non-black hole solutions. We discuss several applications of these results, including Hawking-Page phase transitions and the phase diagram of dual field theories on a product of spheres, new positive energy conjectures, and more.
description: 31 pages, 14 figs; v2: minor improvements and corrections
Optimization paper production through digitalization by developing an assistance system for machine operators including quality forecast: a concept
Creators: name: Schroth, Moritz
name: Hake, Felix
name: Merker, Konstantin
name: Becher, Alexander
name: Klaeger, Tilman
name: Huesmann, Robin
name: Eichhorn, Detlef
name: Oehm, Lukas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Nowadays cross-industry ranging challenges include the reduction of greenhouse gas emission and enabling a circular economy. However, the production of paper from waste paper is still a highly resource intensive task, especially in terms of energy consumption. While paper machines produce a lot of data, we have identified a lack of utilization of it and implement a concept using an operator assistance system and state-of-the-art machine learning techniques, e.g., classification, forecasting and alarm flood handling algorithms, to support daily operator tasks. Our main objective is to provide situation-specific knowledge to machine operators utilizing available data. We expect this will result in better adjusted parameters and therefore a lower footprint of the paper machines.
MicroRNA-27b is a regulatory hub in lipid metabolism and is altered in dyslipidemia
Creators: name: Vickers, Kasey C.
name: Sethupathy, Praveen
name: Pearson, Daniel S.
name: Remaley, Alan T.
name: Shoucri, Bassem M.
name: Wu, Han
name: Osei-Hwedieh, David
name: Levin, Michael G.
name: Collins, Francis S.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: Cellular and plasma lipid levels are tightly controlled by complex gene regulatory mechanisms. Elevated plasma lipid content, or hyperlipidemia, is a significant risk factor for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are posttranscriptional regulators of gene expression and have emerged as important modulators of lipid homeostasis, but the extent of their role has not been systematically investigated. In this study, we performed high-throughput small RNA sequencing and detected approximately 150 miRNAs in mouse liver. We then employed an unbiased, in silico strategy to identify miRNA regulatory hubs in lipid metabolism, and miR-27b was identified as the strongest such hub in human and mouse liver. In addition, hepatic miR-27b levels were determined to be sensitive to plasma hyperlipidemia, as evidenced by its ~3-fold up-regulation in the liver of mice on a high-fat diet (42% calories from fat). Further, we showed in a human hepatocyte cell line (Huh7) that miR-27b regulates the expression (mRNA and protein) of several key lipid-metabolism genes, including Angptl3 and Gpam. Finally, we demonstrated that hepatic miR-27b and its target genes are inversely altered in a mouse model of dyslipidemia and atherosclerosis.
On a lifting problem of L-packets
Creators: name: Xu, Bin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Let $G \subseteq \tilde{G}$ be two quasisplit connected reductive groups over a local field of characteristic zero and $G_{der} = \tilde{G}_{der}$. Although the existence of L-packets is still conjectural in general, it is believed that the L-packets of $G$ should be the restriction of that of $\tilde{G}$. Motivated by this, we hope to construct the L-packets of $\tilde{G}$ from that of $G$. The primary example in our mind is when $G = Sp(2n)$, whose L-packets have been determined by Arthur (2013), and $\tilde{G} = GSp(2n)$. As a first step, we need to consider some well-known conjectural properties of L-packets. In this paper, we show how they can be deduced from the conjectural endoscopy theory. As an application, we obtain some structural information about L-packets of $\tilde{G}$ from that of $G$.
description: To appear in Compositio Mathematica
Inclusive and semi-inclusive production of spin-3/2 hadrons in $e^+e^-$ annihilation
Creators: name: Zhao, Jing
name: Zhang, Zhe
name: Liang, Zuo-tang
name: Liu, Tianbo
name: Zhou, Ya-jin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the inclusive and semi-inclusive productions of spin-3/2 hadrons, such as $Ω$, in unpolarized $e^+ e^-$ annihilation. The general differential cross sections are expressed in terms of structure functions in accordance to the polarization of the hadron and the azimuthal modulations. We derive a complete definition of quark transverse momentum dependent (TMD) fragmentation functions (FFs) to spin-3/2 hadrons for the first time from the decomposition of the quark-quark correlation matrix at leading twist, 14 of which are newly defined corresponding to rank-3 tensor polarized hadron. The collinear FFs are obtained from the $k_T$-integrated correlation matrix, and only two TMD FFs with rank-3 tensor polarization have nonvanishing collinear counterparts. Then we perform a leading order calculation of the unpolarized differential cross sections. In the single-hadron inclusive production, only two structure functions are found nonzero and none of the rank-3 tensor polarized FFs contributes. For the nearly back-to-back two-hadron production, half of the 48 structure functions are found nonzero even if the spin of the second hadron is not analyzed, and ten of the rank-3 tensor polarized TMD FFs contribute. Therefore, one can study the rank-3 tensor polarized FFs via the production of a spin-3/2 hadron and an unpolarized hadron in unpolarized $e^+ e^-$ collision experiments. These newly defined FFs can be further applied in semi-inclusive deep inelastic scattering processes for the study of nucleon structures.
description: 42 pages, 4 figures, matching the published version in Physical Review D
Teachers’ psychological wellbeing and mental health in the context of COVID-19 pandemic: systematic review protocol
Creators: name: Palikara, Olympia
name: Nastasi, Bonnie
name: Varjas, Kristen
name: Jones, Cat
name: Shine, Rose
name: Farina, Lara
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Education
subject: Educational Psychology
subject: Global teacher wellbeing project

description: Protocol for a global systematic review addressing the following research questions: What is the status of teachers’ psychological wellbeing and mental health in the context of COVID-19 pandemic? What is the quality of the evidence?
IR-UWB Detection and Fusion Strategies using Multiple Detector Types
Creators: name: Yajnanarayana, Vijaya
name: Dwivedi, Satyam
name: Händel, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Optimal detection of ultra wideband (UWB) pulses in a UWB transceiver employing multiple detector types is proposed and analyzed in this paper. We propose several fusion techniques for fusing decisions made by individual IR-UWB detectors. We assess the performance of these fusion techniques for commonly used detector types like matched filter, energy detector and amplitude detector. In order to perform this, we derive the detection performance equation for each of the detectors in terms of false alarm rate, shape of the pulse and number of UWB pulses used in the detection and apply these in the fusion algorithms. We show that the performance can be improved approximately by 4 dB in terms of signal to noise ratio (SNR) for perfect detectability of a UWB signal in a practical scenario by fusing the decisions from individual detectors.
description: Accepted for publishing in IEEE WCNC 2016
Topological bulk solitons in a nonlinear photonic Chern insulator
Creators: name: Li, Rujiang
name: Kong, Xiangyu
name: Hang, Dongkai
name: Li, Guoyi
name: Hu, Hongyu
name: Zhou, Hao
name: Jia, Yongtao
name: Li, Pengfei
name: Liu, Ying
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Nonlinearities in lattices with topological band structures can induce topological interfaces in the bulk of structures and give rise to bulk solitons in the topological bandgaps. Here we study a photonic Chern insulator with saturable nonlinearity and show the existence of topological bulk solitons. The fundamental bulk solitons exhibit as semi-vortex solitons, where only one pseudospin component has a nonzero vorticity. The bulk solitons have equal angular momentum at different valleys. This phenomenon is a direct outcome of the topology of the linear host lattice and the angular momentum can be changed by switching the sign of the nonlinearity. The bulk solitons bifurcate from the linear bulk band edge and terminate when their powers saturate. We find that these bulk solitons are stable within the whole spectrum range. Moreover, these bulk solitons are robust against lattice disorders both from on-site energies and hopping amplitudes. Our work extends the study of Chern insulators into the nonlinear regime and highlights the interplay between topology and nonlinearity.
Fritz Buri, Jan M. Lochman, Heinrich Ott, Dogmatik im Dialog, Band 1, Die Kirche und die Letzten Dinge
Publisher: name: Herder Korrespondenz
Year: 1970

description: Herder Korrespondenz, Bd. 27 Nr. 8 (1973): Herder Korrespondenz, Band 27, Heft 8
Role of procoagulant microparticles in mediating complications and outcome of acute liver injury/acute liver failure
Creators: name: Glover, Sam
name: Thacker, Leroy R.
name: Key, Nigel S.
name: Gabriel, Don A.
name: Bradford, Robert L.
name: Stravitz, R. Todd
name: Bowling, Regina
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: Microparticles (MPs), membrane fragments of 0.1–1.0 μm, are derived from many cell types in response to systemic inflammation. Acute liver failure (ALF) is a prototypical syndrome of systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) associated with a procoagulant state. We hypothesized that patients with ALF develop increased procoagulant MPs in proportion to the severity of systemic complications and adverse outcome. Fifty patients with acute liver injury (ALI), 78% of whom also had hepatic encephalopathy (HE; ALF), were followed until day 21 after admission. MPs were characterized by Invitrox Sizing, Antigen Detection and Enumeration, a light-scattering technology that can enumerate MPs as small as 0.15 μm, and by flow cytometry. Procoagulant activity was assessed by a functional MP-tissue factor (MP-TF) assay. Sixteen patients (32%) died and 27 (54%) recovered without liver transplantation (LT). Total MPs (0.15–1.0 μm) were present in nearly 19-fold higher concentrations in ALI/ALF patients, compared to healthy controls (P < 0.0001). MP-TF assays revealed high procoagulant activity (9.05 ± 8.82 versus 0.24 ± 0.14 pg/mL in controls; P = 0.0008). MP concentrations (0.28–0.64 μm) were higher in patients with the SIRS and high-grade HE, and MPs in the 0.36–0.64-μm size range increased in direct proportion to SIRS severity (P < 0.001) and grade of HE (P < 0.002). Day 1 MPs (0.28–0.64 μm) correlated with laboratory predictors of death/LT (higher phosphate and creatinine; lower bicarbonate), and day 1 and 3 MPs were higher in patients who died or underwent LT, compared to spontaneous survivors (P ≤ 0.01). By flow cytometry, 87% of patients had circulating CD41+ MPs, indicating platelet origin. Conclusion: Highly procoagulant MPs of specific size ranges are associated with the SIRS, systemic complications, and adverse outcome of ALI/ALF. MPs may contribute to the multiorgan system failure and high mortality of ALF.
Many recent density functionals are numerically ill-behaved
Creators: name: Lehtola, Susi
name: Marques, Miguel A. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Most computational studies in chemistry and materials science are based on the use of density functional theory. Although the exact density functional is unknown, several density functional approximations (DFAs) offer a good balance of affordable computational cost and semi-quantitative accuracy for applications. The development of DFAs still continues on many fronts, and several new DFAs aiming for improved accuracy are published every year. However, the numerical behavior of these DFAs is an often overlooked problem. In this work, we look at all 592 DFAs for three-dimensional systems available in Libxc 5.2.2 and examine the convergence of the density functional total energy based on tabulated atomic Hartree-Fock wave functions. We show that several recent DFAs, including the celebrated SCAN family of functionals, show impractically slow convergence with typically used numerical quadrature schemes, making these functionals unsuitable both for routine applications or high-precision studies, as thousands of radial quadrature points may be required to achieve sub-$μE_{h}$ accurate total energies for these unctionals, while standard quadrature grids like the SG-3 grid only contain $\mathcal{O}(100)$ radial quadrature points. These results are both a warning to users to lways check the sufficiency of the quadrature grid when adopting novel functionals, as well as a guideline to the theory community to develop better behaved density functionals.
description: 16 pages, 6 figures
A New Fate of a Warped 5D FRW Model with a U(1) Scalar Gauge Field
Creators: name: Slagter, Reinoud Jan
name: Pan, Supriya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: If we live on the weak brane with zero effective cosmological constant in a warped 5D bulk spacetime, gravitational waves and brane fluctuations can be generated by a part of the 5D Weyl tensor and carries information of the gravitational field outside the brane. We consider on a cylindrical symmetric warped FRW background the U(1) self-gravitating scalar-gauge field without bulk matter. It turns out that "branons" can be formed dynamically, due to the modified energy-momentum tensor components of the cosmic string. As a result, we find that the late-time behavior could be significant deviate from the standard evolution of the universe. The effect is triggered by the time-dependent warp factor, of the form $\sqrt{ae^{τt}+be^{-τt}}$ and the modified brane equations, comparable with a dark energy effect. This is a brane-world mechanism, not present is standard 4D FRW, where the large disturbances are rapidly damped as the expansion proceed. Because gravity can propagate in the bulk, the cosmic string can build up a huge angle deficit (or mass per unit length) by the warp factor. Disturbances in the spatial components of the stress-energy tensor cause cylindrical symmetric waves, amplified due to the presence of the bulk space and warpfactor. This long range effect could also explain the recently found spooky alignment of quasars in vast structures in the cosmic web.
description: Final version; 10 pages and 14 figures; to appear in Found. of Phys
Rheology of Polydisperse non-Spherical Graphite Particles Suspended in Mineral Oil
Creators: name: Larsen, Th.
name: Søbye, A. L.
name: Royer, J. R.
name: Poon, W. C. K.
name: Larsen, T.
name: Andreasen, S. J.
name: Drozdov, A. D.
name: Christiansen, J. D. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the role of filler concentration and microphysics on the rheology of polydisperse flake-graphite particles suspended in Newtonian mineral oil. Under steady shear, our samples exhibit shear thinning and yielding behaviour is observed for volume fractions $ϕ> 0.18$. Time-temperature superposition was observed using an Arrhenius-type horizontal shift factor, giving a flow activation energy that is dependent on the graphite volume fraction, suggesting concentration-dependent contributions to relaxation processes in the suspensions. The flow curves are fitted by a constraint-based model, indicating that the flow behaviour is controlled by frictional and adhesive contacts, with the model suggesting that the adhesive stress is temperature dependent.
Successful transplantation of human hepatic stem cells with restricted localization to liver using hyaluronan grafts†
Creators: name: Lozoya, Oswaldo
name: McClelland, Randall
name: Barbier, Claire
name: Bowsher, James E.
name: Turner, Rachael A.
name: Hsu, Edward
name: Prestwich, Glenn
name: Gerber, David A.
name: Wauthier, Eliane
name: Reid, Lola M.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: Cell therapies are potential alternatives to organ transplantation for liver failure or dysfunction but are compromised by inefficient engraftment, cell dispersal to ectopic sites, and emboli formation. Grafting strategies have been devised for transplantation of human hepatic stem cells (hHpSCs) embedded into a mix of soluble signals and extracellular matrix biomaterials (hyaluronans, type III collagen, laminin) found in stem cell niches. The hHpSCs maintain a stable stem cell phenotype under the graft conditions. The grafts were transplanted into the livers of immuno-compromised murine hosts with and without carbon tetrachloride treatment to assess the effects of quiescent versus injured liver conditions. Grafted cells remained localized to the livers resulting in a larger bolus of engrafted cells in the host livers under quiescent conditions and with potential for more rapid expansion under injured liver conditions. By contrast, transplantation by direct injection or via a vascular route resulted in inefficient engraftment and cell dispersal to ectopic sites. Transplantation by grafting is proposed as a preferred strategy for cell therapies for solid organs such as liver.
The biliary epithelium gives rise to liver progenitor cells: RODRIGO-TORRES ET AL.
Creators: name: Affò, Silvia
name: Lozano, Juan José
name: Solar, Myriam
name: Blaya, Delia
name: Alvarez-Guaita, Anna
name: Maestro, Miguel Angel
name: Bataller, Ramon
name: Rodrigo-Torres, Daniel
name: Coll, Mar
name: Enrich, Carlos
name: Arroyo, Vicente
name: Morales-Ibanez, Oriol
name: Ginès, Pere
name: Rentero, Carles
name: van Grunsven, Leo A.
name: Caballería, Joan
name: Sancho-Bru, Pau
name: Millán, Cristina
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: Severe liver diseases are characterized by expansion of liver progenitor cells (LPC), which correlates with disease severity. However, the origin and role of LPC in liver physiology and in hepatic injury remains a contentious topic. We found that ductular reaction cells in human cirrhotic livers express hepatocyte nuclear factor 1 homeobox B (HNF1β). However, HNF1β expression was not present in newly generated epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM)-positive hepatocytes. In order to investigate the role of HNF1β- expressing cells we used a tamoxifen-inducible Hnf1βCreER/R26RYfp/LacZ mouse to lineage-trace Hnf1β+ biliary duct cells and to assess their contribution to LPC expansion and hepatocyte generation. Lineage tracing demonstrated no contribution of HNF1β+ cells to hepatocytes during liver homeostasis in healthy mice or after loss of liver mass. After acute acetaminophen or carbon tetrachloride injury no contribution of HNF1β+ cells to hepatocyte was detected. We next assessed the contribution of Hnf1β+ -derived cells following two liver injury models with LPC expansion, a diethoxycarbonyl-1,4-dihydrocollidin (DDC)-diet and a choline-deficient ethionine-supplemented (CDE)-diet. The contribution of Hnf1β+ cells to liver regeneration was dependent on the liver injury model. While no contribution was observed after DDC-diet treatment, mice fed with a CDE-diet showed a small population of hepatocytes derived from Hnf1β+ cells that were expanded to 1.86% of total hepatocytes after injury recovery. Genome-wide expression profile of Hnf1β+ -derived cells from the DDC and CDE models indicated that no contribution of LPC to hepatocytes was associated with LPC expression of genes related to telomere maintenance, inflammation, and chemokine signaling pathways.
A Generalized Model for the Classical Relativistic Spinning Particle
Creators: name: Hajihashemi, Mehdi
name: Shirzad, Ahmad
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Following the Poincare algebra for a free spinning particle and using the Casimirs of the algebra in the Hamiltonian approach, we construct systematically a set of Lagrangians for the relativistic spinning particle which includes the Lagrangian given in the literature. Then we analyze the dynamics of this generalized system in the Lagrangian formulation and show that the equations of motion support an oscillatory solution corresponding to the spinning nature of the system. Next we analyze the canonical structure of the system and present the correct gauge suitable for the spinning motion of the system.
Fat-Specific Protein 27/CIDEC Promotes Development of Alcoholic Steatohepatitis in Mice and Humans
Creators: name: Lu, Jim
name: Kimura, Shioko
name: Xu, Ming-Jiang
name: Odena, Gemma
name: Tanaka, Naoki
name: Gonzalez, Frank J.
name: Bataller, Ramon
name: Pacher, Pal
name: Cai, Yan
name: Gao, Bin
name: Altamirano, José
name: Bertola, Adeline
name: Wang, Hua
name: Matsubara, Tsutomu
name: Chang, Binxia
name: Matsusue, Kimihiko
name: Mukhopadhyay, Partha
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: Alcoholic steatohepatitis (ASH) is the progressive form of alcoholic liver disease and may lead to cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. We studied mouse models and human tissues to identify molecules associated with ASH progression, and focused on mouse fat-specific protein 27 (FSP-27)/human cell death-inducing DFF45-like effector C (CIDEC) protein, which is expressed in white adipose tissues and promotes formation of fat droplets.
CAMS: An Annotated Corpus for Causal Analysis of Mental Health Issues in Social Media Posts
Creators: name: Garg, Muskan
name: Saxena, Chandni
name: Krishnan, Veena
name: Joshi, Ruchi
name: Saha, Sriparna
name: Mago, Vijay
name: Dorr, Bonnie J
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Research community has witnessed substantial growth in the detection of mental health issues and their associated reasons from analysis of social media. We introduce a new dataset for Causal Analysis of Mental health issues in Social media posts (CAMS). Our contributions for causal analysis are two-fold: causal interpretation and causal categorization. We introduce an annotation schema for this task of causal analysis. We demonstrate the efficacy of our schema on two different datasets: (i) crawling and annotating 3155 Reddit posts and (ii) re-annotating the publicly available SDCNL dataset of 1896 instances for interpretable causal analysis. We further combine these into the CAMS dataset and make this resource publicly available along with associated source code: https://github.com/drmuskangarg/CAMS. We present experimental results of models learned from CAMS dataset and demonstrate that a classic Logistic Regression model outperforms the next best (CNN-LSTM) model by 4.9\% accuracy.
description: 10 pages
Hepatitis B viral load in dried blood spots: A validation study in Zambia
Creators: name: Kachuwaire, Obert
name: Chi, Benjamin H.
name: Vinikoor, Michael J.
name: Musukuma, Kalo
name: Zürcher, Samuel
name: Wandeler, Gilles
name: Zwahlen, Marcel
name: Rauch, Andri
name: Gorgievski, Meri
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: Access to hepatitis B viral load (VL) testing is poor in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) due to economic and logistical reasons.
Influence of relativistic effects on satellite-based clock synchronization
Creators: name: Wang, Jieci
name: Tian, Zehua
name: Jing, Jiliang
name: Fan, Heng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Clock synchronization between the ground and satellites is a fundamental issue in future quantum telecommunication, navigation, and global positioning systems. Here, we propose a scheme of near-Earth orbit satellite-based quantum clock synchronization with atmospheric dispersion cancellation by taking into account the spacetime background of the Earth. Two frequency entangled pulses are employed to synchronize two clocks, one at a ground station and the other at a satellite. The time discrepancy of the two clocks is introduced into the pulses by moving mirrors and is extracted by measuring the coincidence rate of the pulses in the interferometer. We find that the pulses are distorted due to effects of gravity when they propagate between the Earth and the satellite, resulting in remarkably affected coincidence rates. We also find that the precision of the clock synchronization is sensitive to the source parameters and the altitude of the satellite. The scheme provides a solution for satellite-based quantum clock synchronization with high precision, which can be realized, in principle, with current technology.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures, to appear in Phys. Rev. D
title: La salute come diritto fondamentale. Riflessioni sulla psichiatria penitenziaria
Creators: name: Manti , Franco
Publisher: name: Roma Tre-Press
Year: 2013

description: La carcerazione, proprio in quanto determina una condizione biografica che limita il benessere degli individui, costituisce un fattore patogeno che può condurre, a livello psichico, a condizioni patologiche croniche. La letteratura mette in evidenza l'esistere di una vera e propria sindrome, la "prisonizzazione". A partire da quanto detto emergono delle questioni sulle quali vuole soffermarsi il presente saggio: 1) le implicazioni e i problemi connessi alla definizione della salute come diritto fondamentale; 2) le implicazioni per le pratiche penitenziarie della salute concepita come benessere; 3) la funzione della psichiatria penitenziaria e le connesse questioni etico-professionali.

description: B@belonline vol. 14/15 Filosofia e pratiche filosofiche
Dark Stars: A Review
Creators: name: Freese, Katherine
name: Rindler-Daller, Tanja
name: Spolyar, Douglas
name: Valluri, Monica
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Dark Stars are stellar objects made (almost entirely) of hydrogen and helium, but powered by the heat from Dark Matter annihilation, rather than by fusion. They are in hydrostatic and thermal equilibrium, but with an unusual power source. Weakly Interacting Massive Particles (WIMPs), among the best candidates for dark matter, can be their own antimatter and can annihilate inside the star, thereby providing a heat source. Although dark matter constitutes only $\lesssim 0.1\%$ of the stellar mass, this amount is sufficient to power the star for millions to billions of years. Thus, the first phase of stellar evolution in the history of the Universe may have been dark stars. We review how dark stars come into existence, how they grow as long as dark matter fuel persists, and their stellar structure and evolution. The studies were done in two different ways, first assuming polytropic interiors and more recently using the MESA stellar evolution code; the basic results are the same. Dark stars are giant, puffy ($\sim$ 10 AU) and cool (surface temperatures $\sim$10,000 K) objects. We follow the evolution of dark stars from their inception at $\sim 1 M_\odot$ as they accrete mass from their surroundings to become supermassive stars, some even reaching masses $> 10^6 M_\odot$ and luminosities $>10^{10} L_\odot$, making them detectable with the upcoming James Webb Space Telescope. Once the dark matter runs out and the dark star dies, it may collapse to a black hole; thus dark stars may provide seeds for the supermassive black holes observed throughout the Universe and at early times. Other sites for dark star formation may exist in the Universe today in regions of high dark matter density such as the centers of galaxies. The current review briefly discusses dark stars existing today, but focuses on the early generation of dark stars.
description: 45 pages; 13 Figures; revised and expanded version of an invited review for Reports on Progress in Physics
MPEC 2023-U159 : OBSERVATIONS AND ORBITS OF COMETS AND A/ OBJECTS
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: OBSERVATIONS AND ORBITS OF COMETS AND A/ OBJECTS

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
title: House Price Responses to Monetary Policy Surprises: Evidence from the U.S. Listings Data
Creators: name: Gorea, Denis
name: Kryvtsov, Oleksiy
name: Kudlyak, Marianna
Publisher: name: Bank of Canada
Year: 2022

description: Existing literature documents that house prices respond to monetary policy surprises with a significant delay, taking years to reach their peak response. We present new evidence of a much faster response. We exploit information contained in listings for residential properties for sale in the United States between 2001 and 2019 from the CoreLogic Multiple Listing Service Dataset. Using high-frequency measures of monetary policy shocks, we document that a one-standard-deviation contractionary monetary policy surprise lowers housing list prices by 0.2%–0.3% within two weeks—a magnitude on par with the effect on stock prices. House prices respond more strongly to the surprises to future rates as compared with the surprise changes in the federal funds rate. Sale prices are mostly predetermined by list prices and do not respond independently to monetary policy surprises.
description: Les études effectuées à ce jour indiquent que les prix des logements réagissent aux décisions inattendues de politique monétaire avec un décalage important, l’effet maximal se faisant sentir après des années. Nous soutenons, nouvelles preuves à l’appui, que cette réaction est en fait beaucoup plus rapide. Nous examinons les informations contenues dans les inscriptions des propriétés résidentielles à vendre aux États-Unis entre 2001 et 2019, tirées de l’ensemble de données du service interagences de CoreLogic. En utilisant des mesures de haute fréquence des chocs de politique monétaire, nous remarquons qu’un choc restrictif de politique monétaire d’un écart-type fait baisser les prix d’inscription des logements de 0,2 à 0,3 % dans les deux semaines qui suivent, ce qui représente un ordre de grandeur comparable à celui de l’effet observé sur les cours des actions. Les prix des logements réagissent plus fortement aux surprises relatives aux taux futurs qu’aux modifications inattendues du taux des fonds fédéraux. Les prix de vente sont principalement prédéterminés par les prix d’inscription et ne réagissent pas de façon indépendante aux décisions inattendues de politique monétaire.
Effects of SGLT2i Dapagliflozin in primary prevention of cardiotoxicity induced by short-term anthracycline and HER2 blocking agent therapy through inhibition of MyD88 and NLRP-3 pathways
Creators: name: Quagliariello, Vincenzo
name: Annabella, Di mauro
name: Gerardo, Ferrara
name: Francesca, Bruzzese
name: Giuseppe, Palma
name: Antonio, Luciano
name: Maria Laura, Canale
name: Irma, Bisceglia
name: Martina, Iovine
name: Marino, Scherillo
name: Domenico, Gabrielli
name: Carlo, Maurea
name: Matteo, Barbato
name: Alessandro, Inno
name: Massimiliano, Berretta
name: Andrea, Tedeschi
name: Alfredo, Mauriello
name: Alessandra, Greco
name: Nicola, Maurea
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: Background

Anthracyclines, such as doxorubicin, and HER-2 blocking agents, like trastuzumab, are integral in breast cancer treatment but are associated with significant cardiotoxicity. Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors have been suggested to provide cardio-renal benefits in the context of anthracycline therapy. However, the cardioprotective effects of SGLT2 inhibitors during combined anthracycline and HER-2 blocking agent therapy remain largely unexplored.

Aims

The study aimed to investigate the cardioprotective potential of Dapagliflozin in mitigating the cardiotoxic effects of anthracyclines and HER-2 blocking agents in preclinical models.

Methods

Preclinical models were utilized to assess the cardioprotective effects of Dapagliflozin in mouse treated with doxorubicin combined with HER-2 blocking agents. Cardiac function was evaluated through echocardiographic analysis, and myocardial tissue was examined for inflammatory markers including NLRP3, MyD-88, IL-1β, and IL-6 expression.

Results

Doxorubicin combined with HER-2 blocking agents led to significant reductions in cardiac function, evidenced by reduced ejection fraction and impaired radial/longitudinal strain. Additionally, a substantial increase in pro-inflammatory cytokines and NLRP3/MyD-88 inflammasome activation was observed. Dapagliflozin administration significantly mitigated these adverse effects by reducing myocardial expression of NLRP3, MyD-88, IL-1β, and IL-6, thereby improving cardiac function.

Limitations

While the study provides promising results in preclinical models, its translation into clinical settings is limited by the absence of human trials, and the long-term effects of Dapagliflozin in this context are yet to be fully understood.

Conclusions

This study presents the first evidence of Dapagliflozin’s cardioprotective and anti-inflammatory effects in the context of anthracycline and HER-2 blocking agent-induced cardiotoxicity. These findings support the potential use of Dapagliflozin for primary prevention of cardiovascular events associated with doxorubicin-trastuzumab therapy in breast cancer patients, warranting further clinical investigation