cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The Development of Context-Sensitive Attention Across Cultures: The Impact of Stimulus Familiarity
Creators: name: Jurkat, Solveig
name: Köster, Moritz
name: Yovsi, Relindis
name: Kärtner, Joscha
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: visual scene perception
subject: holistic and analytic perception
subject: eye-tracking
subject: stimulus familiarity
subject: cross-cultural research
subject: 100 Philosophie und Psychologie::150 Psychologie::150 Psychologie

description: Across cultures, there are marked differences in visual attention that gradually develop between 4 and 6 years of age. According to the social orientation hypothesis, people in interdependent cultures should show more pronounced context sensitivity than people in independent cultures. However, according to the differential familiarity hypothesis, the focus on the salient object should also depend on the familiarity of the stimulus; people will focus more on the focal object (i.e., less context sensitivity), if it is a less familiar stimulus. To examine the differences in visual attention between interdependent and independent cultures while taking into account stimulus familiarity, this study used an eye-tracking paradigm to assess visual attention of participants between 4 and 20 years who came from urban middle-class families from Germany (n= 53; independent culture) or from Nso families in a rural area in Cameroon (n= 50; interdependent culture). Each participant saw four sets of stimuli, which varied in terms of their familiarity: (1) standard stimuli, (2) non-semantic stimuli, both more familiar to participants from Germany, (3) culture-specific matched stimuli, and (4) simple stimuli, similarly familiar to the individuals of both cultures. Overall, the findings show that mean differences in visual attention between cultures were highly contingent on the stimuli sets: In support of the social orientation hypothesis, German participants showed a higher object focus for the culture-specific matched stimuli, while there were no cultural differences for the simple set. In support of the differential familiarity hypothesis, the Cameroonian participants showed a higher object focus for the less familiar sets, namely the standard and non-semantic sets. Furthermore, context sensitivity correlated across all the sets. In sum, these findings suggest that the familiarity of a stimulus strongly affects individuals' visual attention, meaning that stimulus familiarity needs to be considered when investigating culture-specific differences in attentional styles.
Spin(9) geometry of the octonionic Hopf fibration
Creators: name: Ornea, Liviu
name: Parton, Maurizio
name: Piccinni, Paolo
name: Vuletescu, Victor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53C26, 53C27, 53C38, 57R25

description: We deal with Riemannian properties of the octonionic Hopf fibration S^{15}-->S^8, in terms of the structure given by its symmetry group Spin(9). In particular, we show that any vertical vector field has at least one zero, thus reproving the non-existence of S^1 subfibrations. We then discuss Spin(9)-structures from a conformal viewpoint and determine the structure of compact locally conformally parallel Spin(9)-manifolds. Eventually, we give a list of examples of locally conformally parallel Spin(9)-manifolds.
description: Proofs and Examples revised, some references added
Spaces of Graphs, Boundary Groupoids and the Coarse Baum-Connes Conjecture
Creators: name: Finn-Sell, Martin
name: Wright, Nick
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: K-Theory and Homology (math.KT)
subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We introduce a new variant of the coarse Baum-Connes conjecture designed to tackle coarsely disconnected metric spaces called the boundary coarse Baum-Connes conjecture. We prove this conjecture for many coarsely disconnected spaces that are known to be counterexamples to the coarse Baum-Connes conjecture. In particular, we give a geometric proof of this conjecture for spaces of graphs that have large girth and bounded vertex degree. We then connect the boundary conjecture to the coarse Baum-Connes conjecture using homological methods, which allows us to exhibit all the current uniformly discrete counterexamples to the coarse Baum-Connes conjecture in an elementary way.
description: 27 pages, added a new section concerned with counterexamples to the conjecture
Semiclassical theory of the interaction correction to the conductance of antidot arrays
Creators: name: Schneider, Martin
name: Schwiete, Georg
name: Brouwer, Piet W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Electron-electron interactions are responsible for a correction to the conductance of a diffusive metal, the "Altshuler-Aronov correction" $δG_{AA}$. Here we study the counterpart of this correction for a ballistic conductor, in which the electron motion is governed by chaotic classical dynamics. In the ballistic conductance, the Ehrenfest time $τ_{E}$ enters as an additional time scale that determines the magnitude of quantum interference effects. The Ehrenfest time effectively poses a short-time threshold for the trajectories contributing to the interaction correction. As a consequence, $δG_{AA}$ becomes exponentially suppressed if the Ehrenfest time is larger than the dwell time or the inverse temperature. We discuss the explicit dependence on Ehrenfest time in quasi-one and two-dimensional antidot arrays. For strong interactions, the sign of $δG_{AA}$ may change as a function of temperature for temperatures in the vicinity of $\hbar/τ_{E}$.
description: 20 pages, 10 figures, published version
Ch. Schmidt, Das Großherzogtum Berg 1806–1813. Eine Studie zur französischen Vorherrschaft in Deutschland unter Napoleon I., hg. von B. Dietz und J. Engelbrecht, 1999
Creators: name: Severin-Barboutie, Bettina
Publisher: name: Francia
Year: 2019

description: Francia, Bd. 29 Nr. 2 (2002)
T. Kiefner, Daß mit der Zeit ein kleines Amsterdam entstehen möge. Die Hugenottenkolonie Augustistadt Gochsheim, hg. von der Stadt Kraichtal, 1998
Creators: name: Hartweg, Frédéric
Publisher: name: Francia
Year: 2019

description: Francia, Bd. 29 Nr. 2 (2002)
Alt-Thüringen, Jahresschrift des Museums für Ur- und Frühgeschichte Thüringens, Bd. 9, 1967
Creators: name: Claus, Martin
Publisher: name: Nachrichten aus Niedersachsens Urgeschichte
Year: 2019

description: Rezension zu: Alt-Thüringen, Jahresschrift des Museums für Ur- und Frühgeschichte Thüringens, Bd. 9, 1967, Weimar 1967. 260 S„ 55 Textabb., 60 Taf.
description: Nachrichten aus Niedersachsens Urgeschichte, Bd. 37 (1968): Nachrichten aus Niedersachsens Urgeschichte
Autobiographical memories of interpersonal trust in borderline personality disorder
Creators: name: Botsford, Janina
name: Renneberg, Babette
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Borderline personality disorder
subject: Interpersonal trust
subject: Autobiographical memories
subject: Content analyses
subject: 100 Philosophie und Psychologie::150 Psychologie::150 Psychologie

description: Background Establishing and maintaining interpersonal trust is often difficult for patients with Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD). How we trust is influenced by prior trust experiences. Methods For the investigation of trust experiences, autobiographical memories of n = 36 patients with BPD and n = 99 non-clinical controls were examined. Trust objects and interaction partners, emotional valence, perceived relevance and memory specificity were analyzed. Results Content analyses revealed that patients with BPD recalled mostly situations in which their trust was failed by family members or romantic partners. In addition, patients with BPD considered memories with trust and mistrust more relevant for their current lives than the control group. Our results correspond with findings that BPD patients have difficulties trusting close others as well as with theoretical assumptions about deficits in mentalizing and epistemic trust in patients with BPD. Conclusion In conclusion, our findings should encourage clinical practitioners to address trust deficits towards close others, as well as omniscient negative memory retrieval and interpretation biases which might influence current trust behavior.
Health-Related Quality of Life and Costs of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder in Adolescents and Young Adults in Germany
Creators: name: Dams, Judith
name: Rimane, Eline
name: Steil, Regina
name: Renneberg, Babette
name: Rosner, Rita
name: König, Hans-Helmut
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: cost-of-illness
subject: posttraumatic stress disorder
subject: quality of life
subject: economic burden
subject: adolescents
subject: 100 Philosophie und Psychologie::150 Psychologie::150 Psychologie

description: Background Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is one of the psychopathological consequences of sexual and/or physical abuse. The economic burden is assumed to be high, whereas health-related quality of life and education is negatively affected. This study aims to determine health care costs, health-related quality of life, and educational interruption in adolescents and young adults with PTSD after sexual and/or physical abuse in Germany. Methods This analysis used data of 87 participants aged 14-21 years of a randomized controlled trial. Health care utilization, health-related quality of life (EQ-5D-5L), sick leave days, productivity, and delay or failure to achieve educational aims were assessed. Health care costs from a payer perspective were calculated using unit costs for the year 2014. Results Mean health care costs for a six-month period were 5,243euro (SE 868euro). In particular, costs of inpatient stays in psychiatric hospitals, general hospitals and rehabilitation as well as child welfare institutions were high. In addition, health-related quality of life was lower due to anxiety/depression, resulting in a mean EQ-5D index and EQ-VAS score of 0.70 and 61.0, respectively. Furthermore, participants reported on average 27 sick leave days, a productivity loss of 61%, and a delay in education attainment as well as having been unable to achieve educational aims. Conclusion PTSD in adolescents and young adults is associated with a high economic burden. Health-related quality of life was substantially reduced. Furthermore, delay and productivity losses in education were observed.
Multifunctional epoxy composites modified with graphene nanoplatelets and carbon nanotubes
Creators: name: Kopsidas, Sotirios
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2019

description: Epoxies are a class of thermoset polymers which find extensive use in high performance applications. However, epoxies are inherently brittle and are poor conductors of electricity and heat, which limits their ability to be employed in functional applications. Graphene, a one atom thin two-dimensional carbon material has attracted considerable attention as a potential filler for epoxies, due to its outstanding mechanical, electrical and thermal properties. The present work discusses the multifunctional properties of epoxy polymers modified with graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs) and carbon nanotubes (CNTs). Hybrids of GNPs and CNTs at 9:1 mass ratio were dispersed in the epoxy using three-roll milling. The distribution of the nanofiller in the matrix was fairly uniform and the dispersion quality did not change at higher concentrations. The addition of 1 wt% hybrid nanofiller resulted in an increase of more than 8 orders of magnitude in the electrical conductivity of the epoxy, while at the same time increased the fracture energy (GIC) from 85 ± 30 J/m2 to 240 ± 2 16 J/m . Analytical modelling showed an excellent agreement between the predicted and the experimental values of GIC. GNP-modified epoxies were coated onto steel substrates through a rod coating method to assess the corrosion behaviour of such coatings. Coated panels were immersed into an aqueous solution of 3.5 wt% NaCl and were exposed for a maximum of 5 days. Coating adhesion was evaluated using a tape test. Higher GNP loadings (≥ 0.5 wt%) resulted in a deterioration in the anti-corrosion performance of the coatings. Nanocarbon-modified epoxies were used as the matrices for carbon-fibre reinforced composites, which were subjected to simulated lightning current tests. Optical examination of the laminates following the tests revealed that modification with 0.5 wt% GNPs was sufficient to achieve a comparable level of lightning strike protection to the existing metal mesh technology.
Measuring neutrino masses with a future galaxy survey
Creators: name: Hamann, Jan
name: Hannestad, Steen
name: Wong, Yvonne Y. Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We perform a detailed forecast on how well a Euclid-like photometric galaxy and cosmic shear survey will be able to constrain the absolute neutrino mass scale. Adopting conservative assumptions about the survey specifications and assuming complete ignorance of the galaxy bias, we estimate that the minimum mass sum of sum m_nu ~ 0.06 eV in the normal hierarchy can be detected at 1.5 sigma to 2.5 sigma significance, depending on the model complexity, using a combination of galaxy and cosmic shear power spectrum measurements in conjunction with CMB temperature and polarisation observations from Planck. With better knowledge of the galaxy bias, the significance of the detection could potentially reach 5.4 sigma. Interestingly, neither Planck+shear nor Planck+galaxy alone can achieve this level of sensitivity; it is the combined effect of galaxy and cosmic shear power spectrum measurements that breaks the persistent degeneracies between the neutrino mass, the physical matter density, and the Hubble parameter. Notwithstanding this remarkable sensitivity to sum m_nu, Euclid-like shear and galaxy data will not be sensitive to the exact mass spectrum of the neutrino sector; no significant bias (< 1 sigma) in the parameter estimation is induced by fitting inaccurate models of the neutrino mass splittings to the mock data, nor does the goodness-of-fit of these models suffer any significant degradation relative to the true one (Delta chi_eff ^2< 1).
description: v1: 29 pages, 10 figures. v2: 33 pages, 12 figures; added sections on shape evolution and constraints in more complex models, accepted for publication in JCAP
REFORMAS DA LEI E DO HOMEM
Creators: name: Santana, José Cláudio Pavão
Publisher: name: Zenodo - Cadernos da Pena do Pavao
Year: 2023

description: Ano 05 – n. 01/2017
Com intensa discussão o Congresso Nacional vem acelerando as reformas trabalhistas.
Há quem diga, não poderia ser diferente, que de forma assodada o governo pretende subtrair conquistas democráticas, fruto de muita luta, do trabalhador brasileiro.
“Ekskursija buvusiose Čikagos skerdyklose. Kelionė rašytojo Upton Sinclair ir jo herojaus Jurgio pėdsakais.” (A Field Trip to the Chicago Stockyards: In Footsteps of writer Upton Siclair’s Character Jurgis.)
Creators: name: Subacius, Giedrius
Publisher: name: University of Illinois at Chicago
Year: 2023
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: No description supplied
„Ja so warn’s die alten - Rittersleut” - Die Arbeitsgruppe Freiburg zu Gast auf Burg Lichteneck („Sommeraktion” 2002)
Creators: name: Krohn, Niklot
Publisher: name: Archäologische Nachrichten aus Baden
Year: 2019

description: Archäologische Nachrichten aus Baden, Bd. 68/69 (2004): Archäologische Nachrichten aus Baden
Easing the Monte Carlo sign problem
Creators: name: Hangleiter, Dominik
name: Roth, Ingo
name: Nagaj, Daniel
name: Eisert, Jens
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: quantum
subject: complexity
subject: simulations
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::530 Physik::530 Physik

description: Quantum Monte Carlo (QMC) methods are the gold standard for studying equilibrium properties of quantum many-body systems. However, in many interesting situations, QMC methods are faced with a sign problem, causing the severe limitation of an exponential increase in the runtime of the QMC algorithm. In this work, we develop a systematic, generally applicable, and practically feasible methodology for easing the sign problem by efficiently computable basis changes and use it to rigorously assess the sign problem. Our framework introduces measures of non-stoquasticity that-as we demonstrate analytically and numerically-at the same time provide a practically relevant and efficiently computable figure of merit for the severity of the sign problem. Complementing this pragmatic mindset, we prove that easing the sign problem in terms of those measures is generally an NP-complete task for nearest-neighbor Hamiltonians and simple basis choices by a reduction to the MAXCUT-problem.
Revisiting nonclassical HLA II functions in antigen presentation: Peptide editing and its modulation
Creators: name: Alvaro-Benito, Miguel
name: Freund, Christian
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: CD4(+)T cell epitope
subject: HLA-DO
subject: HLA-DM
subject: MHC class II
subject: nonclassical MHCII
subject: peptide editing
subject: peptidome
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::540 Chemie::547 Organische Chemie

description: The nonclassical major histocompatibility complex of class II molecules (ncMHCII) HLA-DM (DM) and HLA-DO (DO) feature essential functions for the selection of the peptides that are displayed by classical MHCII proteins (MHCII) for CD4(+)T(h)cell surveillance. Thus, although the binding groove of classical MHCII dictates the main features of the peptides displayed, ncMHCII function defines the preferential loading of peptides from specific cellular compartments and the extent to which they are presented. DM acts as a chaperone for classical MHCII molecules facilitating peptide exchange and thereby favoring the binding of peptide-MHCII complexes of high kinetic stability mostly in late endosomal compartments. DO on the other hand binds to DM blocking its peptide-editing function in B cells and thymic epithelial cells, limiting DM activity in these cellular subsets. DM and DO distinct expression patterns therefore define specific antigen presentation profiles that select unique peptide pools for each set of antigen presenting cell. We have come a long way understanding the mechanistic underpinnings of such distinct editing profiles and start to grasp the implications for ncMHCII biological function. DM acts as filter for the selection of immunodominant, pathogen-derived epitopes while DO blocks DM activity under certain physiological conditions to promote tolerance to self. Interestingly, recent findings have shown that the unexplored and neglected ncMHCII genetic diversity modulates retroviral infection in mouse, and affects human ncMHCII function. This review aims at highlighting the importance of ncMHCII function for CD4(+)T(h)cell responses while integrating and evaluating what could be the impact of distinct editing profiles because of natural genetic variations.
Non-linear flow response and reaction plane correlations
Creators: name: Teaney, Derek
name: Yan, Li
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We apply the non-linear flow response formalism to the recently measured event plane correlations. We find that as a result of the combined effects of linear and non-linear flow response, the observed event plane correlations can be understood as an effective average of the 'linear limit' and 'non-linear limit'.
description: Talk at Quark Matter 2012. 4 pages, 4 figures. Version to appear in the proceedings Quark Matter 2012
ULTRAJE À DEMOCRACIA
Creators: name: Santana, José Cláudio Pavão
Publisher: name: Zenodo - Cadernos da Pena do Pavao
Year: 2023

description: Ano 05 – n. 08/2017
Ao chegar em casa deparei-me com a imagem dessas senhoras senadoras sentadas à mesa do Senado Federal. Confesso – achei que fosse alguma sessão solene, posto uma única foto conseguir reunir o que a mim (é direito meu) considero o que há de mais arrogante, radical e atrasado no Parlamento do Brasil.
Root trait responses to drought are more heterogeneous than leaf trait responses
Creators: name: Lozano, Yudi M.
name: Aguilar-Trigueros, Carlos A.
name: Flaig, Isabel C.
name: Rillig, Matthias C.
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: global change
subject: grassland ecosystem
subject: plant traits
subject: root diameter
subject: root tissue density
subject: specific root length
subject: specific root surface area
subject: WinRhizo
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie

description: Drought can strongly modify plant diversity and ecosystem processes. As droughts are expected to intensify in the future, it is important to better understand plant responses to this global driver. Root traits are an overlooked but powerful predictor of plant responses to drought because they are in direct contact with the soil environment and are responsible for taking up nutrients and water. Here, we determine which root traits are sensitive to drought and the magnitude of that response. We also tested whether root trait relationships with shoot biomass are affected by drought and to what extent all these responses depend on plant species identity. To do so, we conducted a glasshouse experiment with 24 plant species grown in pots (10 replicates per species), which included grasses, forbs and legumes. All replicates were well watered during the first month and then half of them were kept under drought (30% water holding capacity [WHC]), with the other half serving as control (70% WHC). After 2 months of treatment, leaf and root traits were measured. Leaf traits had a strong and more uniform response to drought compared to root traits. Root trait responses were variable and differed among plant species. Overall, grasses and several forbs had increased root diameter with drought while forbs had decreased specific root surface area (SRSA) and specific root length (SRL). Increase of root diameter and reduction of root elongation or sacrificing fine roots are different strategies that may promote nutrient and water acquisition, depending on plant species identity. Our results identify changes in root morphological traits as mechanisms to likely tolerate drought and highlight that, although such drought responses are species-specific, they are phylogenetically clustered. A freePlain Language Summarycan be found within the Supporting Information of this article.
Sub-Poissonian statistics of Rydberg-interacting dark-state polaritons
Creators: name: Hofmann, Christoph S.
name: Günter, Georg
name: Schempp, Hanna
name: Robert-de-Saint-Vincent, Martin
name: Gärttner, Martin
name: Evers, Jörg
name: Whitlock, Shannon
name: Weidemüller, Matthias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Interfacing light and matter at the quantum level is at the heart of modern atomic and optical physics and enables new quantum technologies involving the manipulation of single photons and atoms. A prototypical atom-light interface is electromagnetically induced transparency, in which quantum interference gives rise to hybrid states of photons and atoms called dark-state polaritons. We have observed individual dark-state polaritons as they propagate through an ultracold atomic gas involving Rydberg states. Strong long-range interactions between Rydberg atoms give rise to an effective interaction blockade for dark-state polaritons, which results in large optical nonlinearities and modified polariton number statistics. The observed statistical fluctuations drop well below the quantum noise limit indicating that photon correlations modified by the strong interactions have a significant back-action on the Rydberg atom statistics.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures
Odd momentum pairing and superconductivity in vertical graphene heterostructures
Creators: name: Guinea, Francisco
name: Uchoa, Bruno
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Vertical graphene heterostructures made up of graphene layers separated by BN spacers allow for novel ways of tuning the interactions between electrons. We study the possibility of electron pairing mediated by modified repulsive interactions. Long range intravalley and short range intervalley interactions give rise to different anisotropic phases. We show that a superconducting state with gaps of opposite signs in different valleys, an odd momentum pairing state, can exist above carrier densities of $5-10 \times 10^{13} {\rm cm}^{-2}$. The dependence of the transition temperature on the different parameters of the devices is studied in detail.
description: 11 pages
The infinitesimal generator of the stochastic Burgers equation
Creators: name: Gubinelli, Massimiliano
name: Perkowski, Nicolas
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: strong uniqueness
subject: Hilbert-spaces
subject: kpz equation
subject: sdes
subject: renormalization
subject: fluctuations
subject: quantization
subject: driven
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::510 Mathematik::510 Mathematik

description: We develop a martingale approach for a class of singular stochastic PDEs of Burgers type (including fractional and multi-component Burgers equations) by constructing a domain for their infinitesimal generators. It was known that the domainmust have trivial intersection with the usual cylinder test functions, and to overcome this difficulty we import some ideas from paracontrolled distributions to an infinite dimensional setting in order to construct a domain of controlled functions. Using the new domain, we are able to prove existence and uniqueness for the Kolmogorov backward equation and the martingale problem. We also extend the uniqueness result for "energy solutions" of the stochastic Burgers equation of Gubinelli and Perkowski (J Am Math Soc 31(2):427-471, 2018) to a wider class of equations. As applications of our approach we prove that the stochastic Burgers equation on the torus is exponentially L-2-ergodic, and that the stochastic Burgers equation on the real line is ergodic.
Polariton Condensation in an optically induced 2D potentia
Creators: name: Askitopoulos, A.
name: Ohadi, H.
name: Hatzopoulos, Z.
name: Savvidis, P. G.
name: Kavokin, A. V.
name: Lagoudakis, P. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate experimentally the condensation of exciton-polaritons through optical trapping. The non-resonant pump profile is shaped into a ring and projected to a high quality factor microcavity where it forms a 2D repulsive optical potential originating from the interactions of polaritons with the excitonic reservoir. Increasing the population of particles in the trap eventually leads to the emergence of a confined polariton condensate that is spatially decoupled from the decoherence inducing reservoir, before any build up of coherence on the excitation region. In a reference experiment, where the trapping mechanism is switched off by changing the excitation intensity profile, polariton condensation takes place for excitation densities more than two times higher and the resulting condensate is subject to a much stronger dephasing and depletion processes.
Predicting the number of giant arcs expected in the next generation wide-field surveys from space
Creators: name: Boldrin, Michele
name: Giocoli, Carlo
name: Meneghetti, Massimo
name: Moscardini, Lauro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we estimate the number of gravitational arcs detectable in a wide-field survey such as that which will be operated by the Euclid space mission, assuming a ΛCDM cosmology. We use the publicly available code MOKA to obtain realistic deflection angle maps of mock gravitational lenses. The maps are processed by a ray-tracing code to estimate the strong lensing cross sections of each lens. Our procedure involves 1) the generation of a light-cone which is populated with lenses drawn from a theoretical mass-function; 2) the modeling of each single lens using a triaxial halo with a NFW (Navarro-Frenk-White) density profile and theoretical concentration-mass relation, including substructures, 3) the determination of the lensing cross section as a function of redshift for each lens in the light-cone, 4) the simulation of mock observations to characterize the redshift distribution of sources that will be detectable in the Euclid images. We focus on the so-called giant arcs, i.e. gravitational arcs characterized by large length-to-width ratios (l/w > 5, 7.5 and 10). We quantify the arc detectability at different significances above the level of the background. Performing 128 different realizations of a 15,000 sq. degree survey, we find that the number of arcs detectable at 1σ above the local background will be 8912,2914, and 1275 for l/w>5, 7.5 and 10, respectively. The expected arc numbers decrease to 2409, 790, and 346 for a detection limit at 3σ above the background level. From our analysis, we find that most of the lenses which contribute to the lensing optical depth are located at redshifts 0.4 3. This is the first step towards the full characterization of the population of strong lenses that will be observed by Euclid. [abridged]
description: replaced to match the accepted version by MNRAS, 12 pag, 10 fig - more references added
Ozone affects plant, insect, and soil microbial communities: A threat to terrestrial ecosystems and biodiversity
Creators: name: Agathokleous, Evgenios
name: Feng, Zhaozhong
name: Oksanen, Elina
name: Sicard, Pierre
name: Wang, Qi
name: Saitanis, Costas J.
name: Araminiene, Valda
name: Blande, James D.
name: Hayes, Felicity
name: Veresoglou, Stavros D.
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: atmospheric carbon-dioxide
subject: volatile organic-compounds
subject: ground-level ozone
subject: elevated tropospheric ozone
subject: aspen populus-tremuloides
subject: visible foliar injury
subject: pendula roth clones
subject: open-top chambers
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie

description: Elevated tropospheric ozone concentrations induce adverse effects in plants. We reviewed how ozone affects (i) the composition and diversity of plant communities by affecting key physiological traits; (ii) foliar chemistry and the emission of volatiles, thereby affecting plant-plant competition, plant-insect interactions, and the composition of insect communities; and (iii) plant-soil-microbe interactions and the composition of soil communities by disrupting plant litterfall and altering root exudation, soil enzymatic activities, decomposition, and nutrient cycling. The community composition of soil microbes is consequently changed, and alpha diversity is often reduced. The effects depend on the environment and vary across space and time. We suggest that Atlantic islands in the Northern Hemisphere, the Mediterranean Basin, equatorial Africa, Ethiopia, the Indian coastline, the Himalayan region, southern Asia, and Japan have high endemic richness at high ozone risk by 2100.
UM PAÍS DE MONARCAS
Creators: name: Santana, José Cláudio Pavão
Publisher: name: Zenodo - Cadernos da Pena do Pavao
Year: 2023

description: Ano 05 – n. 06/2017
A República Federativa do Brasil é, historicamente, das mais artificiais. Basta ver que nasce a partir da Câmara Municipal do Rio de Janeiro, depois dissolvida.
O fato bastaria. Inobstante, os republicanos tupiniquins não passam de monarcas de calças curtas.
Low-energy structures of zinc borohydride Zn(BH$_4$)$_2$
Creators: name: Huan, Tran Doan
name: Amsler, Maximilian
name: Tuoc, Vu Ngoc
name: Willand, Alexander
name: Goedecker, Stefan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a systematic study of the low-energy structures of zinc borohydride, a crystalline material proposed for the hydrogen storage purpose. In addition to the previously proposed structures, many new low-energy structures of zinc borohydride are found by utilizing the minima-hopping method. We identify a new dynamically stable structure which belongs to the $I4_122$ space group as the most stable phase of zinc borohydride at low temperatures. A low transition barrier between $I4_122$ and $P1$, the two lowest-lying phases of zinc borohydride is predicted, implying that a coexistence of low-lying phases of zinc borohydride is possible at ambient conditions. An analysis based on the simulated X-ray diffraction pattern reveals that the $I4_122$ structure exhibits the same major features as the experimentally synthesized zinc borohydride samples.
description: Version accepted by Phys. Rev. B. Manuscript has 8 pages, 5 figures, 2 tables (with 6 pages, 5 figures, 2 tables in supplemental material)
Downy Mildew effector HaRxL21 interacts with the transcriptional repressor TOPLESS to promote pathogen susceptibility
Creators: name: Harvey, Sarah
name: Kumari, Priyanka
name: Lapin, Dmitry
name: Griebel, Thomas
name: Hickman, Richard
name: Guo, Wenbin
name: Zhang, Runxuan
name: Parker, Jane E.
name: Beynon, Jim
name: Denby, Katherine
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: receptor-like kinase
subject: innate immunity
subject: arabidopsis-thaliana
subject: triggered immunity
subject: cell-surface
subject: ear motif
subject: protein
subject: gene
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::580 Pflanzen (Botanik)::580 Pflanzen (Botanik)

description: Hyaloperonospora arabidopsidis(Hpa) is an oomycete pathogen causing Arabidopsis downy mildew. Effector proteins secreted from the pathogen into the plant play key roles in promoting infection by suppressing plant immunity and manipulating the host to the pathogen's advantage. One class of oomycete effectors share a conserved 'RxLR' motif critical for their translocation into the host cell. Here we characterize the interaction between an RxLR effector, HaRxL21 (RxL21), and the Arabidopsis transcriptional co-repressor Topless (TPL). We establish that RxL21 and TPL interact via an EAR motif at the C-terminus of the effector, mimicking the host plant mechanism for recruiting TPL to sites of transcriptional repression. We show that this motif, and hence interaction with TPL, is necessary for the virulence function of the effector. Furthermore, we provide evidence that RxL21 uses the interaction with TPL, and its close relative TPL-related 1, to repress plant immunity and enhance host susceptibility to both biotrophic and necrotrophic pathogens.
Mammalian cell-free protein expression promotes the functional characterization of the tripartite non-hemolytic enterotoxin from Bacillus cereus
Creators: name: Ramm, Franziska
name: Dondapati, Srujan Kumar
name: Thoring, Lena
name: Zemella, Anne
name: Wüstenhagen, Doreen Anja
name: Frentzel, Hendrik
name: Stech, Marlitt
name: Kubick, Stefan
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: group strains
subject: Nhe
subject: cytotoxicity
subject: hemolysins
subject: systems
subject: pores
subject: PCR
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie

description: Bacillus cereus is increasingly recognized as an opportunistic pathogen causing local and systemic infections. The causative strains typically produce three pore-forming enterotoxins. This study focusses on the tripartite non-hemolytic enterotoxin (Nhe). Until today, studies have tried to elucidate the structure, complex formation and cell binding mechanisms of the tripartite Nhe toxin. Here, we demonstrate the synthesis of the functional tripartite Nhe toxin using eukaryotic cell-free systems. Single subunits, combinations of two Nhe subunits as well as the complete tripartite toxin were tested. Functional activity was determined by hemolytic activity on sheep blood agar plates, planar lipid bilayer measurements as well as cell viability assessment using the MTT assay. Our results demonstrate that cell-free protein synthesis based on translationally active eukaryotic lysates is a platform technology for the fast and efficient synthesis of functionally active, multicomponent toxins.
Information sharing in Quantum Complex Networks
Creators: name: Cardillo, Alessio
name: Galve, Fernando
name: Zueco, David
name: Gómez-Gardeñes, Jesús
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce the use of entanglement entropy as a tool for studying the amount of information shared between the nodes of quantum complex networks. By considering the ground state of a network of coupled quantum harmonic oscillators, we compute the information that each node has on the rest of the system. We show that the nodes storing the largest amount of information are not the ones with the highest connectivity, but those with intermediate connectivity thus breaking down the usual hierarchical picture of classical networks. We show both numerically and analytically that the mutual information characterizes the network topology. As a byproduct, our results point out that the amount of information available for an external node connecting to a quantum network allows to determine the network topology.
description: text and title updated, published version [Phys. Rev. A 87, 052312 (2013)]
A Genealogical Account of the Development of a Consumer Metaphor in Australian Higher Education Policy
Creators: name: HUYNH, THUC BAO
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 390203
subject: Sociology of education
classificationCode: 390201
subject: Education policy
classificationCode: 390202
subject: History and philosophy of education
classificationCode: 390303
subject: Higher education

description: This research examined how a consumer metaphor developed and came be the pre-eminent understanding of students in Australian higher education policy. Fourteen policy documents from 1957 to 2019 were analysed. The study found that a consumer metaphor was not as prominent as initially expected. Students were more commonly presented as a resource for governments and universities. This raises some concerns about how students should be understood in higher education policy and more broadly, as Australian higher education is constructed as extracting value from students, rather than providing value to students.
Qubits and oriented matroids in four time and four space dimensions
Creators: name: Nieto, J. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We establish a connection between 4-rebits (real qubits) and the Nambu-Goto action with target `spacetime' of four time and four space dimensions ((4+4)-dimensions)). We motivate the subject with three observations. The first one is that a 4-rebit contains exactly the same number of degree of freedom as a complex 3-qubit and therefore 4-rebits are special in the sense of division algebras. Secondly, the (4+4)-dimensions can be splitted as (4+4)=(3+1)+(1+3) and therefore they are connected with an ordinary (1+3)-spacetime and with changed signature (3+1)-spacetime. Finally, we show how geometric aspects of 4-rebits can be related to the chirotope concept of oriented matroid theory.
description: 15 pages, Latex, improved version
H. Kruse, W. Paravicini (éd.), Höfe und Hofordnungen, 1200-1600. 5. Symposium der Residenzen-Kommission der Akademie der Wissenschaften in Göttingen, Sigmaringen, 5.-8. Oktober 1996, 1999
Creators: name: Sommé, M.
Publisher: name: Francia
Year: 2019

description: Francia, Bd. 27 Nr. 1 (2000)
P. Herde, A. Schindling (Hg.), unter Mitarbeit von M. Asche, Universität Würzburg und Wissenschaft in der Neuzeit. Beiträge zur Bildungsgeschichte. Gewidmet Peter Baumgart anläßlich seines 65. Geburtstages, 1998
Creators: name: Frijhoff, W.
Publisher: name: Francia
Year: 2019

description: Francia, Bd. 27 Nr. 2 (2000)
Science during lockdown - from virtual seminars to sustainable online communities
Creators: name: Bottanelli, Francesca
name: Cadot, Bruno
name: Campelo, Felix
name: Curran, Scott
name: Davidson, Patricia M.
name: Dey, Gautam
name: Raote, Ishier
name: Straube, Anne
name: Swaffer, Matthew P.
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: COVID-19 pandemic
subject: disruption
subject: scientific communication
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie

description: The COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted traditional modes of scientific communication. In-person conferences and seminars have been cancelled and most scientists around the world have been confined to their homes. Although challenging, this situation has presented an opportunity to adopt new ways to communicate science and build scientific relationships within a digital environment, thereby reducing the environmental impact and increasing the inclusivity of scientific events. As a group of researchers who have recently created online seminar series for our respective research communities, we have come together to share our experiences and insights. Only a few weeks into this process, and often learning 'on the job', we have collectively encountered different problems and solutions. Here, we share our advice on formats and tools, security concerns, spreading the word to your community and creating a diverse, inclusive and collegial space online. We hope our experience will help others launch their own online initiatives, helping to shape the future of scientific communication as we move past the current crisis.
Determinant Quantum Monte Carlo Study of the Enhancement of d-wave Pairing by Charge Inhomogeneity
Creators: name: Mondaini, R.
name: Ying, T.
name: Paiva, T.
name: Scalettar, R. T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Striped phases, in which spin, charge, and pairing correlations vary inhomogeneously in the CuO_2 planes, are a known experimental feature of cuprate superconductors, and are also found in a variety of numerical treatments of the two dimensional Hubbard Hamiltonian. In this paper we use determinant Quantum Monte Carlo to show that if a stripe density pattern is imposed on the model, the d-wave pairing vertex is significantly enhanced. We attribute this enhancement to an increase in antiferromagnetic order which is caused by the appearence of more nearly half-filled regions when the doped holes are confined to the stripes. We also observe a π-phase shift in the magnetic order.
description: 10 pages, 16 figures To appear in Phys. Rev. B
High-resolution characterisation of ESBL/pAmpC-producing Escherichia coli isolated from the broiler production pyramid
Creators: name: Apostolakos, Ilias
name: Feudi, Claudia
name: Eichhorn, Inga
name: Palmieri, Nicola
name: Fasolato, Luca
name: Schwarz, Stefan
name: Piccirillo, Alessandra
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: food-producing animals
subject: molecular characterization
subject: antimicrobial resistance
subject: e. coli
subject: plasmids
subject: virulence
subject: identification
subject: cephalosporins
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::630 Landwirtschaft::630 Landwirtschaft und verwandte Bereiche

description: The presence of extended-spectrum beta -lactamase (ESBL) or plasmid-mediated AmpC beta -lactamase (pAmpC)-producing Escherichia coli (ESBL/pAmpC-EC) in livestock is a public health risk given the likelihood of their transmission to humans via the food chain. We conducted whole genome sequencing on 100 ESBL/pAmpC-EC isolated from the broiler production to explore their resistance and virulence gene repertoire, characterise their plasmids and identify transmission events derived from their phylogeny. Sequenced isolates carried resistance genes to four antimicrobial classes in addition to cephalosporins. Virulence gene analysis assigned the majority of ESBL/pAmpC-EC to defined pathotypes. In the complex genetic background of ESBL/pAmpC-EC, clusters of closely related isolates from various production stages were identified and indicated clonal transmission. Phylogenetic comparison with publicly available genomes suggested that previously uncommon ESBL/pAmpC-EC lineages could emerge in poultry, while others might contribute to the maintenance and dissemination of ESBL/pAmpC genes in broilers. The majority of isolates from diverse E. coli lineages shared four dominant plasmids (IncK2, IncI1, IncX3 and IncFIB/FII) with identical ESBL/pAmpC gene insertion sites. These plasmids have been previously reported in diverse hosts, including humans. Our findings underline the importance of specific plasmid groups in the dissemination of cephalosporin resistance genes within the broiler industry and across different reservoirs.
Polarizing primordial gravitational waves by parity violation
Creators: name: Wang, Anzhong
name: Wu, Qiang
name: Zhao, Wen
name: Zhu, Tao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study primordial gravitational waves (PGWs) in the Horava-Lifshitz (HL) theory of quantum gravity, in which high-order spatial derivative operators, including the ones violating parity, generically appear in order for the theory to be power-counting renormalizable and ultraviolet (UV) complete. Because of both parity violation and non-adiabatic evolution of the modes due to a modified dispersion relationship, a large polarization of PGWs becomes possible, and it could be well within the range of detection of the BB, TB and EB power spectra of the forthcoming cosmic microwave background (CMB) observations.
description: revtex4, 3 figures. Phys. Rev. D87, 103512 (2013)