cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Phase formation in CrFeCoNi nitride thin films
Creators: name: Rao, Smita G.
name: Mukhamedov, Boburjon
name: Nagy, Gyula
name: Tseng, Eric N.
name: Shu, Rui
name: Boyd, Robert
name: Primetzhofer, Daniel
name: Persson, Per O. Å.
name: Alling, Björn
name: Abrikosov, Igor A.
name: Febvrier, Arnaud le
name: Eklund, Per
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: As a single-phase alloy, CrFeCoNi is a face centered cubic (fcc) material related to the archetypical high-entropy Cantor alloy CrFeCoNiMn. For thin films, CrFeCoNi of approximately equimolar composition tends to assume an fcc structure when grown at room temperature by magnetron sputtering. However, the single-phase solid solution state is typically not achieved for thin films grown at higher temperatures. The same holds true for Cantor alloy-based ceramics (nitrides and oxides), where phase formation is extremely sensitive to process parameters such as the amount of reactive gas. This study combines theoretical and experimental methods to understand the phase formation in nitrogen-containing CrFeCoNi thin films. Density functional theory calculations considering three competing phases (CrN, Fe-Ni and Co) show that the free energy of mixing, delta G of (CrFeCoNi)1-xNx solid solutions has a maximum at x = 0.20-0.25, and delta G becomes lower when x less than 0.20, greater than 0.25. Thin films of (CrFeCoNi)1-xNx (x = 0.14-0.41) grown by magnetron sputtering show stabilization of the metallic fcc when x lesser than or equal to 0.22 and the stabilization of the NaCl B1 structure when x is greater than 0.33, consistent with the theoretical prediction. In contrast, films with intermediate amounts of nitrogen (x = 0.22) grown at higher temperatures show segregation into multiple phases of CrN, Fe-Ni-rich and Co. These results offer an explanation for the requirement of kinetically limited growth conditions at low temperature for obtaining single-phase CrFeCoNi Cantor-like nitrogen-containing thin films and are of importance for understanding the phase-formation mechanisms in multicomponent ceramics.
Solvability of the heat equation on a half-space with a dynamical boundary condition and unbounded initial data
Creators: name: Fila, Marek
name: Ishige, Kazuhiro
name: Kawakami, Tatsuki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We study the linear heat equation on a halfspace with a linear dynamical boundary condition. We are interested in an appropriate choice of the function space of initial functions such that the problem possesses a solution. It was known before that bounded initial data guarantee solvability. Here we extend that result by showing that data from a weighted Lebesgue space will also do so.
Impact of CP-violation on neutrino lepton number asymmetries revisited
Creators: name: Barenboim, Gabriela
name: Park, Wan-Il
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We revisit the effect of the (Dirac) CP-violating phase on neutrino lepton number asymmetries in both mass- and flavor-basis. We found that, even if there are sizable effects on muon- and tau-neutrino asymmetries, the effect on the asymmetry of electron-neutrinos is at most similar to the upper bound set by BBN for initial neutrino degeneracy parameters smaller than order unity. We also found that, for the asymmetries in mass-basis, the changes caused by CP-violation is of sub-\% level which is unlikely to be accesible neither in the current nor in the forthcoming experiments.
description: 7 pages, 7 figures
Flag Integrable Models and Generalized Graded Algebras
Creators: name: de Leeuw, Marius
name: Nepomechie, Rafael I.
name: Retore, Ana L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce new classes of integrable models that exhibit a structure similar to that of flag vector spaces. We present their Hamiltonians, R-matrices and Bethe-ansatz solutions. These models have a new type of generalized graded algebra symmetry.
description: 43 pages, 3 figures, v2: Bethe equations simplified, an appendix and references added, version accepted in JHEP
Anisotropic magnetoresistance and upper critical fields up to 63 T in CaKFe$_4$As$_4$ single crystals
Creators: name: Kong, Tai
name: Balakirev, Fedor F.
name: Meier, William R.
name: Bud'ko, Sergey L.
name: Gurevich, Alex
name: Canfield, Paul C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the temperature dependencies of the upper critical fields $H_{c\text{2}}^{\text{c}}(T)$ parallel to the c-axis and $H_{c\text{2}}^{\text{ab}}(T)$ parallel to the ab-plane of single crystalline CaKFe$_4$As$_4$ inferred from the measurements of the temperature-dependent resistance in static magnetic fields up to 14 T and magnetoresistance in pulsed fields up to 63 T. We show that the observed decrease of the anisotropy parameter $γ(T)=H_{c\text{2}}^{\text{ab}}/H_{c\text{2}}^{\text{c}}$ from $\simeq 2.5$ at $T_c$ to $\simeq 1.5$ at 25 K can be explained by interplay of paramagnetic pairbreaking and orbital effects in a multiband theory of $H_{c2}$. The slopes of $dH_{c\text{2}}^{\text{c}}/dT\simeq-4.4$ T/K and $dH_{c\text{2}}^{\text{ab}}/dT \simeq-10.9$ T/K at $T_c$ yield an electron mass anisotropy of $m_{ab}/m_c\simeq 1/6$ and short coherence lengths $ξ_c\simeq 5.8\,\textÅ$ and $ξ_{ab}\simeq 14.3\,\textÅ$. The behavior of $H_{c\text{2}}(T)$ turns out to be similar to that of the optimal doped (Ba,K)Fe$_2$As$_2$, with $H_{c\text{2}}^{\text{ab}}(0)$ extrapolating to $\simeq 92$ T, well above the BCS paramagnetic limit.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures
Squeezing of X waves with orbital angular momentum
Creators: name: Ornigotti, Marco
name: Villari, Leone di Mauro
name: Szameit, Alexander
name: Conti, Claudio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Multi-level quantum protocols may potentially supersede standard quantum optical polarization-encoded protocols in terms of amount of information transmission and security. However, for free space telecomunications, we do not have tools for limiting loss due to diffraction and perturbations, as for example turbulence in air. Here we study propagation invariant quantum X-waves with angular momentum; this representation expresses the electromagnetic field as a quantum gas of weakly interacting bosons. The resulting spatio-temporal quantized light pulses are not subject to diffraction and dispersion, and are intrinsically resilient to disturbances in propagation. We show that spontaneous down-conversion generates squeezed X-waves useful for quantum protocols. Surprisingly the orbital angural momentum affects the squeezing angle, and we predict the existence of a characteristic axicon aperture for maximal squeezing. There results may boost the applications in free space of quantum optical transmission and multi-level quantum protocols, and may also be relevant for novel kinds of interferometers, as satellite-based gravitational wave detectors.
CSBIon -- a charged soliton of the 3-dimensional CS + BI Abelian gauge theory
Creators: name: Nastase, Horatiu
name: Sonnenschein, Jacob
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we construct a charged soliton with a finite energy and no delta function source in a pure Abelian gauge theory. Specifically, we first consider the 3-dimensional Abelian gauge theory, with a Maxwell term and a l evel $N$ CS term. We find a static solution that carries charge $N$, angular momentum $\frac{N}{2}$ and whose radius is $N$ independent. However, this solution has a divergent energy. In analogy to the replacement of the 4 dimensional Maxwell action with the BI action, which renders the classical energy of a point charge finite, for the 3 dimensional theory which includes a CS term such a replacement leads to a finite energy for the solution of above. We refer to this soliton as a CSBIon solution, representing a finite energy version of the fundamental (sourced) charged electron of Maxwell theory in 4 dimensions. In 3 dimensions the BI+CS action has a static charged solution with finite energy and no source, hence a soliton solution. The CSBIon, similar to its Maxwellian predecessor, has a charge $N$, angular momentum proportional to $N$ and an $N$-independent radius. We also present other nonlinear modifications of Maxwell theory that admit similar solitons. The CSBIon may be relevant in various holographic scenarios. In particular, it may describe a D6-brane wrapping an $S^4$ in a compactified D4-brane background. We believe that the CSBIon may play a role in condensed matter systems in 2+1 dimensions like graphene sheets.
description: 24 pages + Appendices, 5 figures; references added, typos corrected
Dark Matter or Regular Matter in Neutron Stars? How to tell the difference from the coalescence of compact objects
Creators: name: Hippert, Maurício
name: Dillingham, Emily
name: Tan, Hung
name: Curtin, David
name: Noronha-Hostler, Jacquelyn
name: Yunes, Nicolás
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The mirror twin Higgs model is a candidate for (strongly-interacting) complex dark matter, which mirrors SM interactions with heavier quark masses. A consequence of this model are mirror neutron stars -- exotic stars made entirely of mirror matter, which are significantly smaller than neutron stars and electromagnetically dark. This makes mergers of two mirror neutron stars detectable and distinguishable in gravitational wave observations, but can we observationally distinguish between regular neutron stars and those that may contain some mirror matter? This is the question we study in this paper, focusing on two possible realizations of mirror matter coupled to standard model matter within a compact object: (i) mirror matter captured by a neutron star and (ii) mirror neutron star-neutron star coalescences. Regarding (i), we find that (non-rotating) mirror-matter-admixed neutron stars no longer have a single mass-radius sequence, but rather exist in a two-dimensional mass-radius plane. Regarding (ii), we find that binary systems with mirror neutron stars would span a much wider range of chirp masses and completely different binary Love relations, allowing merger remnants to be very light black holes. The implications of this are that gravitational wave observations with advanced LIGO and Virgo, and X-ray observations with NICER, could detect or constrain the existence of mirror matter through searches with wider model and parameter priors.
description: 22 pages, 16 figures
Ballistic Anisotropic Magnetoresistance in Core Shell Nanowires and Rolled-up Nanotubes
Creators: name: Chang, Ching Hao
name: Ortix, Carmine
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In ferromagnetic nanostructures, the ballistic anisotropic magnetoresistance (BAMR) is a change in the ballistic conductance with the direction of magnetization due to spin-orbit interaction. Very recently, a directional dependent ballistic conductance has been predicted to occur in a number of newly synthesized nonmagnetic semiconducting nanostructures subject to externally applied magnetic fields, without necessitating spin-orbit coupling. In this article, we review past works on the prediction of this BAMR effect in core-shell nanowires and rolled-up nanotubes. This is complemented by new results we establish for the transport properties of tubular nanosystems subject to external magnetic fields.
description: 17 pages, 11 figures
Superconductivity-enhanced Nematicity and '$s+d$' Gap Symmetry in Fe(Se$_{1-x}$S$_x$)
Creators: name: Wang, Liran
name: Hardy, Frédéric
name: Wolf, Thomas
name: Adelmann, Peter
name: Fromknecht, Rainer
name: Schweiss, Peter
name: Meingast, Christoph
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Superconducting iron chalcogenide FeSe has the simplest crystal structure among all the Fe-based superconductors. Unlike other iron pnictides, FeSe exhibits no long range magnetic order accompanying the tetragonal-to-orthorhombic structural distortion, which raises the fundamental question about the role of magnetism and its associated spin fluctuations in mediating both nematicity and superconductivity. The extreme sensitivity of FeSe to external pressure suggests that chemical pressure, induced by substitution of Se by the smaller ion S, could also a be good tuning parameter to further study the coupling between superconductivity and nematicity and to obtain information on both the Fermi-surface changes and the symmetry of the superconducting state. Here we study the thermodynamic properties of Fe(Se$_{1-x}$S$_{x}$) for 3 compositions, $x=0$, 0.08 and 0.15, using heat-capacity and thermal-expansion measurements. With increasing S content we observe a significant reduction of the tetragonal-to-orthorhombic transition temperature T$_{s}$. However, this suppression of T$_{s}$ is counterintuitively accompanied by an enhancement of the orthorhombic distortion $δ$ below T$_c$, which clearly indicates that superconductivity favors the nematic state. In parallel, the superconducting transition temperature T$_{c}$ is sizeably enhanced, whereas the increase of the Sommerfeld coefficient $γ_{n}$ is quite moderate. In the T$\to$ 0 limit, an unusually large residual density of states is found for $x>0$ indicative of significant substitution-induced disorder. We discuss these observations in the context of $s+d$ superconducting-state symmetry.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures - Ref 23 corrected
The dynamical environment of asteroid 21 Lutetia according to different internal models
Creators: name: Aljbaae, Safwan
name: Chanut, Thierry G. G.
name: Carruba, Valerio
name: Souchay, Jean
name: Prado, Antonio F. B. A.
name: Amarante, André
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: One of the most accurate models currently used to represent the gravity field of irregular bodies is the polyhedral approach. In this model, the mass of the body is assumed to be homogeneous, which may not be true for a real object. The main goal of the present paper is to study the dynamical effects induced by three different internal structures (uniform, three- and four-layers) of asteroid (21) Lutetia, an object that recent results from space probe suggest being at least partially differentiated. The Mascon gravity approach used in the present work, consists of dividing each tetrahedron into eight parts to calculate the gravitational field around the asteroid. The zero-velocity curves show that the greatest displacement of the equilibrium points occurs in the position of the E4 point for the four-layers structure and the smallest one occurs in the position of the E3 point for the three-layers structure. Moreover, stability against impact shows that the planar limit gets slightly closer to the body with the four-layered structure. We then investigated the stability of orbital motion in the equatorial plane of (21) Lutetia and propose numerical stability criteria to map the region of stable motions. Layered structures could stabilize orbits that were unstable in the homogeneous model.
description: 10 pages, 7 figures, and 4 Tables. Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Single atom in a superoscillatory optical trap
Creators: name: Rivy, Hamim Mahmud
name: Aljunid, Syed A.
name: Lassalle, Emmanuel
name: Zheludev, Nikolay I.
name: Wilkowski, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Optical tweezers have become essential tools to manipulate atoms or molecules at a single particle level. However, using standard diffracted-limited optical systems, the transverse size of the trap is lower bounded by the optical wavelength, limiting the application range of optical tweezers. Here we report trapping of single ultracold atom in an optical trap that can be continuously tuned from a standard Airy focus to a subwavelength hotspot smaller than the usual Abbe's diffraction limit. The hotspot was generated using the effect of superoscillations, by the precise interference of multiple free-space coherent waves. We argue that superoscillatory trapping and continuous potential tuning offer not only a way to generate compact and tenable ensembles of trapped atoms for quantum simulators but will also be useful in single molecule quantum chemistry and the study of cooperative atom-photon interaction within subwavelength arrays of quantum emitters.
description: Published in Communications Physics 13 pages including supplementary information, 5 figures
Exponential Orthogonality Catastrophe at the Anderson Metal-Insulator Transition
Creators: name: Kettemann, Stefan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the orthogonality catastrophe at the Anderson Metal-Insulator transition (AMIT). The typical overlap $F$ between the ground state of a Fermi liquid and the one of the same system with an added potential impurity is found to decay at the AMIT exponentially with system size $L$ as $F \sim \exp (- \langle I_A\rangle /2)= \exp(-c L^η)$, where $I_A$ is the so called Anderson integral, $η$ is the power of multifractal intensity correlations and $\langle ... \rangle$ denotes the ensemble average. Thus, strong disorder typically increases the sensitivity of a system to an additional impurity exponentially. We recover on the metallic side of the transition Anderson's result that fidelity $F$ decays with a power law $F \sim L^{-q (E_F)}$ with system size $L$. This power increases as Fermi energy $E_F$ approaches mobility edge $E_M$ as $q (E_F) \sim (\frac{E_F-E_M}{E_M})^{-νη},$ where $ν$ is the critical exponent of correlation length $ξ_c$. On the insulating side of the transition $F$ is constant for system sizes exceeding localization length $ξ$. While these results are obtained from the mean value of $I_A,$ giving the typical fidelity $F$, we find that $I_A$ is widely, log normally, distributed with a width diverging at the AMIT. As a consequence, the mean value of fidelity $F$ converges to one at the AMIT, in strong contrast to its typical value which converges to zero exponentially fast with system size $L$. This counterintuitive behavior is explained as a manifestation of multifractality at the AMIT.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures
Dust-driven wind as a model of Broad Absorption Line quasars
Creators: name: Naddaf, Mohammad Hassan
name: Martinez-Aldama, Mary Loli
name: Marziani, Paola
name: Panda, Swayamtrupta
name: Sniegowska, Marzena
name: Czerny, Bozena
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We test a scenario claiming that the broad absorption line (BAL) phenomenon in quasars (QSOs) is not a temporary stage of their life. In this scenario, we see the BAL effect only if the line of sight is within a spatially limited and collimated massive outflow cone covering only a fraction of sky from the point of view of the nucleus. The aim is to understand the theoretical mechanism behind the massive outflow in BAL QSOs which is important for modelling the impact of quasars onto the star formation rate in the host galaxy, and, subsequently, onto the galaxy evolution. We apply the specific theoretical model of dust-driven wind. The model has considerable predictive power. The 2.5D version of FRADO model of Czerny & Hryniewicz gives rise to the formation of fast funnel-shaped outflow from the disk for a certain range of black hole masses, Eddington ratios and metallicities. We now interpret BAL QSO as sources viewed along the outflowing stream and we calculate the probabilities of seeing the BAL phenomenon as functions of these global parameters, and we compare these probabilities to those seen in the observational data. We include considerations on the presence/absence of obscuring torus. Comparing our theoretical results with observational data for a sample consisting of two sub-populations of BAL and non-BAL QSOs we found that both in the model and in the data the BAL phenomenon mostly happens for sources with black hole masses larger than 10^{8} solar mass, the effect get stronger with accretion rate, and also high metallicities are more likely in QSOs showing BAL features if the presence of torus is taken into account. The consistency of the model with the data provides support for the interpretation of the BAL phenomenon as the result of the orientation of the source. It also supports the underlying theoretical model although more consistency checks should be done in the future.
description: 15 pages, 13 figures, 3 tables, Accepted for publication in the Journal of Astronomy and Astrophysics (A&A)
Site-dependent control of polaritons in the Jaynes Cummings Hubbard model with trapped ions
Creators: name: Muralidharan, Silpa
name: Toyoda, Kenji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate the site-dependent control of polaritons in the Jaynes Cummings Hubbard (JCH) model with trapped ions. In a linear ion crystal under illumination by optical beams nearly resonant to the red-sideband (RSB) transition for the radial vibrational direction, quasiparticles called polaritonic excitations or polaritons, each being a superposition of one internal excitation and one vibrational quantum (phonon), can exist as conserved particles. Polaritons can freely hop between ion sites in a homogeneous configuration, while their motion can be externally controlled by modifying the parameters for the optical beams site-dependently. We demonstrate the blockade of polariton hopping in a system of two ions by the individual control of the frequency of the optical beams illuminating each ion. A JCH system consisting of polaritons in a large number of ion sites can be considered an artificial many-body system of interacting particles and the technique introduced here can be used to exert fine local control over such a system, enabling detailed studies of both its quasi-static and dynamic properties.
Telling compositeness at a distance with outer automorphisms and CP
Creators: name: Bischer, Ingolf
name: Döring, Christian
name: Trautner, Andreas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate charge-parity (CP) and non-CP outer automorphism of groups and the transformation behavior of group representations under them. We identify situations where composite and elementary states that transform in exactly the same representation of the group, transform differently under outer automorphisms. This can be instrumental in discriminating composite from elementary states solely by their quantum numbers with respect to the outer automorphism, i.e. without the need for explicit short distance scattering experiments. We discuss under what conditions such a distinction is unequivocally possible. We cleanly separate the case of symmetry constrained (representation) spaces from the case of multiple copies of identical representations in flavor space, and identify conditions under which non-trivial transformation in flavor space can be enforced for composite states. Next to composite product states, we also discuss composite states in non-product representations. Comprehensive examples are given based on the finite groups $Σ(72)$ and $D_8$. The discussion also applies to $\mathrm{SU}(N)$ and we scrutinize recent claims in the literature that $\mathrm{SU}(2N)$ outer automorphism with antisymmetric matrices correspond to distinct outer automorphisms. We show that outer automorphism transformations with antisymmetric matrices are related by an inner automorphism to the standard $\mathbb{Z}_2$ outer automorphism of $\mathrm{SU}(N)$. As a direct implication, no non-trivial transformation behavior can arise for composite product states under the outer automorphism of $\mathrm{SU}(N)$.
description: 29+10 pages, 1 table. Incl. rebuttal of claims of existence of non-standard outer automorphism transformation of $\mathrm{SU}(2N)$, as recently proposed by 1903.06662, 2111.04728, 2212.02413
GENESIS OF THE STAGES OF COMMITMENT OF CRIMES IN THE TERRITORY OF UZBEKISTAN (BASED ON THE ANALYSIS OF ISLAMIC LAW RULES)
Creators: name: Kamalova, Dildora
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: This article provides a retrospective analysis of the stages of crime commission based on an examination of sources related to criminal norms that were in effect in our country. The author has studied the historical aspects of the stages of committing crimes and has categorized them as follows: 1) the ancient period, from the emergence of early civilizations until the arrival of Islam in the territory of Uzbekistan; 2) the period when Sharia norms were in effect in our country, covering the time from the 8th century to the 1850s.; 3) The era of Tsarist Russia, spanning from the 1850s to the 1920s.; 4) The period of the former Soviet Union, which includes the years from 1922 to 1991.; 5) The most recent historical period, including the early years of independence, starting with the adoption of the Criminal Code of the Republic of Uzbekistan on September 22, 1994, and continuing to the present day.
SMA observations towards the compact, short-lived bipolar water maser outflow in the LkHα 234 region
Creators: name: Girart, J. M.
name: Torrelles, J. M.
name: Estalella, R.
name: Curiel, S.
name: Anglada, G.
name: Gómez, J. F.
name: Carrasco-González, C.
name: Cantó, J.
name: Rodríguez, L. F.
name: Patel, N. A.
name: Trinidad, M. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present Submillimeter Array (SMA) 1.35 mm subarcsecond angular resolution observations toward the LkHα 234 intermediate-mass star-forming region. The dust emission arises from a filamentary structure of $\sim$5 arcsec ($\sim$4500 au) enclosing VLA 1-3 and MM 1, perpendicular to the different outflows detected in the region. The most evolved objects are located at the southeastern edge of the dust filamentary structure and the youngest ones at the northeastern edge. The circumstellar structures around VLA 1, VLA 3, and MM 1 have radii between $\sim$200 and $\sim$375 au and masses in the $\sim$0.08-0.3 M$_{\odot}$ range. The 1.35 mm emission of VLA 2 arises from an unresolved (r$< 135$ au) circumstellar disk with a mass of $\sim$0.02 M$_{\odot}$. This source is powering a compact ($\sim$4000 au), low radial velocity ($\sim$7 km s$^{-1}$) SiO bipolar outflow, close to the plane of the sky. We conclude that this outflow is the "large-scale" counterpart of the short-lived, episodic, bipolar outflow observed through H$_2$O masers at much smaller scales ($\sim $180 au), and that has been created by the accumulation of the ejection of several episodic collimated events of material. The circumstellar gas around VLA 2 and VLA 3 is hot ($\sim$130 K) and exhibits velocity gradients that could trace rotation. There is a bridge of warm and dense molecular gas connecting VLA 2 and VLA 3. We discuss the possibility that this bridge could trace a stream of gas between VLA 3 and VLA 2, increasing the accretion rate onto VLA 2 to explain why this source has an important outflow activity.
description: 11 pages, 9 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Characteristics of partially filled Helmholtz resonators
Creators: name: Indenbom, M. V.
name: Pogossian, S. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work we have developed a technique for the measurement of the resonance curve of Helmholtz resonators as a function of filling with beads and sands of different sizes, and water as the reference. Our measurements allowed us to observe very different behaviors of resonance frequencies and resonance half-widths as a function of the size of the sand grains and the beads. By comparing results for beads and water we were able to prove that the sound penetrates the interstitial space between the beads. This was confirmed by measurements of the resonance properties in resonators filled with spherical beads whose experimentally determined filling factor is close to the random filling factor of about 0.54. The similar behavior of the frequency and half-width of resonance of sand-filled resonators of three different sizes allowed us to suggest that sound penetrates the sand in the same way as it does the beads.
description: 10 pages, one column, 9 figures, regular paper
Sam2bam: High-Performance Framework for NGS Data Preprocessing Tools
Creators: name: Ogasawara, Takeshi
name: Cheng, Yinhe
name: Tzeng, Tzy-Hwa Kathy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Genomics (q-bio.GN)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: This paper introduces a high-throughput software tool framework called {\it sam2bam} that enables users to significantly speedup pre-processing for next-generation sequencing data. The sam2bam is especially efficient on single-node multi-core large-memory systems. It can reduce the runtime of data pre-processing in marking duplicate reads on a single node system by 156-186x compared with de facto standard tools. The sam2bam consists of parallel software components that can fully utilize the multiple processors, available memory, high-bandwidth of storage, and hardware compression accelerators if available. The sam2bam provides file format conversion between well-known genome file formats, from SAM to BAM, as a basic feature. Additional features such as analyzing, filtering, and converting the input data are provided by {\it plug-in} tools, e.g., duplicate marking, which can be attached to sam2bam at runtime. We demonstrated that sam2bam could significantly reduce the runtime of NGS data pre-processing from about two hours to about one minute for a whole-exome data set on a 16-core single-node system using up to 130 GB of memory. The sam2bam could reduce the runtime for whole-genome sequencing data from about 20 hours to about nine minutes on the same system using up to 711 GB of memory.
Detecting nuclear mass distribution in isobar collisions via charmonium
Creators: name: Zhao, Jiaxing
name: Shi, Shuzhe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The collective properties of final state hadrons produced in the high statistics $_{44}^{96}$Ru+$_{44}^{96}$Ru and $_{40}^{96}$Zr+$_{40}^{96}$Zr collisions at $\sqrt{s_\mathrm{NN}} = 200~\mathrm{GeV}$ are found to be significantly different. Such differences were argued to be precise probes of the difference in nucleon distribution in the isobar nuclei. We investigate the $J/ψ$ production in the isobar collision via a relativistic transport approach. By comparing the isobar systems according to equal centrality bin and equal multiplicity bin, we find that the yield ratio of $J/ψ$ is sensitive to the differences in both the number of binary collisions and the medium evolution. Besides, the elliptic flow $v_2$ of $J/ψ$ is qualitatively different from the light hadrons, and the ratio between Ru+Ru and Zr+Zr collisions is sensitive to the medium evolution. The charmonium production provides an independent probe to study the nucleon distribution in the isobar system.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures
Non Gaussian Minkowski functionals and extrema counts for 2D sky maps
Creators: name: Pogosyan, Dmitri
name: Codis, Sandrine
name: Pichon, Christophe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the conference presentation we have reviewed the theory of non-Gaussian geometrical measures for the 3D Cosmic Web of the matter distribution in the Universe and 2D sky data, such as Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) maps that was developed in a series of our papers. The theory leverages symmetry of isotropic statistics such as Minkowski functionals and extrema counts to develop post- Gaussian expansion of the statistics in orthogonal polynomials of invariant descriptors of the field, its first and second derivatives. The application of the approach to 2D fields defined on a spherical sky was suggested, but never rigorously developed. In this paper we present such development treating effects of the curvature and finiteness of the spherical space $S_2$ exactly, without relying on the flat-sky approximation. We present Minkowski functionals, including Euler characteristic and extrema counts to the first non-Gaussian correction, suitable for weakly non-Gaussian fields on a sphere, of which CMB is the prime example.
description: 6 pages, to appear as proceedings of the IAU Symposium No. 308, 2014 The Zeldovich Universe, Genesis and Growth of the Cosmic Web Rien van de Weygaert, Sergei Shandarin, Enn Saar and Jaan Einasto
Dual gradient method for ill-posed problems using multiple repeated measurement data
Creators: name: Jin, Qinian
name: Wang, Wei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We consider determining $\R$-minimizing solutions of linear ill-posed problems $A x = y$, where $A: {\mathscr X} \to {\mathscr Y}$ is a bounded linear operator from a Banach space ${\mathscr X}$ to a Hilbert space ${\mathscr Y}$ and ${\mathcal R}: {\mathscr X} \to [0, \infty]$ is a proper strongly convex penalty function. Assuming that multiple repeated independent identically distributed unbiased data of $y$ are available, we consider a dual gradient method to reconstruct the ${\mathcal R}$-minimizing solution using the average of these data. By terminating the method by either an {\it a priori} stopping rule or a statistical variant of the discrepancy principle, we provide the convergence analysis and derive convergence rates when the sought solution satisfies certain variational source conditions. Various numerical results are reported to test the performance of the method.
An infinite collection of quartic polynomials whose products of consecutive values are not perfect squares
Creators: name: Gaitanas, Konstantinos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Using an elementary identity, we prove that for infinitely many polynomials $P(x)\in \mathbb{Z}[X]$ of fourth degree, the equation $\prod\limits_{k=1}^{n}P(k)=y^2$ has finitely many solutions in $\mathbb{Z}$. We also give an example of a quartic polynomial for which the product of it's first consecutive values is infinitely often a perfect square.
description: 3 pages.Comments are welcome
title: Studies of fluid movement in the eye
Creators: name: Moseley, Henry
Publisher: name: University of Glasgow
Year: 1980
Subjects: subject: Ophthalmology

description: Although much work has been carried out on the movement of many substances into and out of the vitreous, very little is known about the transfer of water. In order to facilitate subsequent analysis, studies were performed using an inert tracer, xenon-133 dissolved in saline, as well as tritiated water. Chapter 1 forms an introduction to the thesis. It details relevant anatomy and simimarises previous work in the field, drawing attention to gaps in present knowledge. Chapter 2 describes experiments in which xenon-133 was injected into the vitreous of rabbits and subsequently collected in one of the vortex veins draining the choroid, on the sclera and in the anterior chamber. It was found that most of the xenon-133 was removed in the blood of the choroid. The experiments outlined in Chapter 3 are analogous to those of the previous chapter, hut in this case, tritiated water was the tracer under study. As with xenon-133, most of the tritiated water from the vitreous left the eye in the blood of the choroid. The rates of removal of the two isotopes were also comparable. It is evident that the ordinary water molecules in the vitreous are being changed rapidly with a mean transit time from mid-vitreous to choroid of approximately 30 minutes. A mathematical model of diffusion is developed in Chapter 4. The model is based on three-dimensional diffusion from the vitreous through the eye with removal occurring in the choroid. Because of symmetry, only a two-dimensional solution is required. The results of the mathematical model are given in Chapter 5. It is shown that xenon-133 experimental results are consistent with a diffusional explanation. The model is then applied to tritiated water where there is also good agreement between experiment and the diffusional model. The above chapters relate to fundamental properties of water in the vitreous. It has been suggested in the literature that because of hydrostatic pressure differences, a flow exists across the retina. This is examined in Chapter 6. The existing model for hydrostatic pressure-induced flow across the posterior layers of the eye is shown to be inadequate and a new model presented. No firm conclusion may be drawn concerning the magnitude and direction of this flow but it is thought that pressures are likely to equalise and prevent such a flow occurring. Aqueous humour leaves the eye through pores in the lining endothelium of Schlemm's canal. In Chapter 7, calculations of the pore fluid resistance are presented, based on different pore geometries. The contribution of the pore to the total outflow resistance is determined at different intraocular pressures and with and without treatment using pilocarpine. A final discussion and conclusions are presented in Chapter 8.
Charges in the UV completion of neutral electrodynamics
Creators: name: Benedetti, Valentin
name: Casini, Horacio
name: Magan, Javier M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A theory with a non-compact form-symmetry is described by two closed form fields of degrees k and d-k. Effective theory examples are non-linear electrodynamics, a photon field coupled to a neutron field, and a low energy Goldstone boson. We show these models cannot be completed in the UV without breaking the non-compact form-symmetry down to a compact one. This amounts to the existence of electric or magnetic charges. A theory with an unbroken non-compact k-form symmetry is massless and free.
description: 19 pages + Appendices
title: Practical Theology as a Religious and Cultural Hermeneutics of Christian Practice
title: An enthusiastic support of Bonnie J. Miller-McLemoreߣs corrections of the Five Misunderstandings of Practical Theology based on Schleiermacherߣs Concept of Theology
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Gräb, Wilhelm
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: 230 Christentum

description: This publication is with permission of the rights owner freely accessible due to an Alliance licence and a national licence (funded by the DFG, German Research Foundation) respectively.
Bernd Schröder, Göttinger Religionspädagogik. Eine Studie zur institutionellen Genese und programmatischen Entfaltung von Katechetik und Religionspädagogik am Beispiel Göttingen. Unter Mitarbeit von Florian Dinger, Moritz Emmelmann, Monika E. Fuchs, Urte M. Götte, Elisabeth Hohensee und Lukas Steinbeck (Tübingen: Mohr Siebeck, 2018), ISBN 978-3-16-155840-5, € 84,00.
Creators: name: Simojoki, Henrik
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 230 Christentum

description: Dieser Beitrag ist mit Zustimmung des Rechteinhabers aufgrund einer (DFG-geförderten) Allianz- bzw. Nationallizenz frei zugänglich.
Time-resolved statistics of snippets as general framework for model-free entropy estimators
Creators: name: van der Meer, Jann
name: Degünther, Julius
name: Seifert, Udo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Irreversibility is commonly quantified by entropy production. An external observer can estimate it through measuring an observable that is antisymmetric under time-reversal like a current. We introduce a general framework that, inter alia, allows us to infer a lower bound on entropy production through measuring the time-resolved statistics of events with any symmetry under time-reversal, in particular, time-symmetric instantaneous events. We emphasize Markovianity as a property of certain events rather than of the full system and introduce an operationally accessible criterion for this weakened Markov property. Conceptually, the approach is based on snippets as particular sections of trajectories, for which a generalized detailed balance relation is discussed.
Inversion of Strong Field Photoelectron Spectra for Molecular Orbital Imaging
Creators: name: Puthumpally-Joseph, R.
name: Viau-Trudel, J.
name: Peters, M.
name: Nguyen-Dang, T. T.
name: Atabek, O.
name: Charron, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Imaging structures at the molecular level is a fast developing interdisciplinary research field that spans across the boundaries of physics and chemistry. High spatial resolution images of molecules can be obtained with photons or ultrafast electrons. In addition, images of valence molecular orbitals can be extracted via tomographic techniques based on the coherent XUV radiation emitted by a molecular gas exposed to an intense ultra-short infrared laser pulse. In this paper, we demonstrate that similar information can be obtained by inverting energy resolved photoelectron spectra using a simplified analytical model.
Casimir effect on the lattice: U(1) gauge theory in two spatial dimensions
Creators: name: Chernodub, M. N.
name: Goy, V. A.
name: Molochkov, A. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a general numerical method to study the Casimir effect in lattice gauge theories. We illustrate the method by calculating the energy density of zero-point fluctuations around two parallel wires of finite static permittivity in Abelian gauge theory in two spatial dimensions. We discuss various subtle issues related to the lattice formulation of the problem and show how they can successfully be resolved. Finally, we calculate the Casimir potential between the wires of a fixed permittivity, extrapolate our results to the limit of ideally conducting wires and demonstrate excellent agreement with a known theoretical result.
description: 12 pages, 10 figures
A chain rule formula for higher derivations and inverses of polynomial maps
Creators: name: Maurischat, Andreas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Commutative Algebra (math.AC)
subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 12H05, 13N15, 14R15

description: The multidimensional chain rule formula for analytic functions and its generalisation to higher derivatives perfectly work in the algebraic setting in characteristic zero. In positive characteristic one runs into problems due to denominators in these formulas. In this article we show a direct analog of these formulas using higher derivations which are defined in any characteristic. We also use these formulas to show how higher derivations to different coordinate systems are related to each other. Finally, we apply this to polynomial automorphisms in arbitrary characteristic and obtain a formula for the inverse of such a polynomial automorphism.
description: 15 pages
GENNAPE: Towards Generalized Neural Architecture Performance Estimators
Creators: name: Mills, Keith G.
name: Han, Fred X.
name: Zhang, Jialin
name: Chudak, Fabian
name: Mamaghani, Ali Safari
name: Salameh, Mohammad
name: Lu, Wei
name: Jui, Shangling
name: Niu, Di
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Predicting neural architecture performance is a challenging task and is crucial to neural architecture design and search. Existing approaches either rely on neural performance predictors which are limited to modeling architectures in a predefined design space involving specific sets of operators and connection rules, and cannot generalize to unseen architectures, or resort to zero-cost proxies which are not always accurate. In this paper, we propose GENNAPE, a Generalized Neural Architecture Performance Estimator, which is pretrained on open neural architecture benchmarks, and aims to generalize to completely unseen architectures through combined innovations in network representation, contrastive pretraining, and fuzzy clustering-based predictor ensemble. Specifically, GENNAPE represents a given neural network as a Computation Graph (CG) of atomic operations which can model an arbitrary architecture. It first learns a graph encoder via Contrastive Learning to encourage network separation by topological features, and then trains multiple predictor heads, which are soft-aggregated according to the fuzzy membership of a neural network. Experiments show that GENNAPE pretrained on NAS-Bench-101 can achieve superior transferability to 5 different public neural network benchmarks, including NAS-Bench-201, NAS-Bench-301, MobileNet and ResNet families under no or minimum fine-tuning. We further introduce 3 challenging newly labelled neural network benchmarks: HiAML, Inception and Two-Path, which can concentrate in narrow accuracy ranges. Extensive experiments show that GENNAPE can correctly discern high-performance architectures in these families. Finally, when paired with a search algorithm, GENNAPE can find architectures that improve accuracy while reducing FLOPs on three families.
description: AAAI 2023 Oral Presentation; includes supplementary materials with more details on introduced benchmarks; 14 Pages, 6 Figures, 10 Tables