cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Theory of Relativistic Brownian Motion: The (1+3)-Dimensional Case
Creators: name: Dunkel, Jörn
name: Hänggi, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A theory for (1+3)-dimensional relativistic Brownian motion under the influence of external force fields is put forward. Starting out from a set of relativistically covariant, but multiplicative Langevin equations we describe the relativistic stochastic dynamics of a forced Brownian particle. The corresponding Fokker-Planck equations are studied in the laboratory frame coordinates. In particular, the stochastic integration prescription, i.e. the discretization rule dilemma, is elucidated (pre-point discretization rule {\it vs.} mid-point discretization rule {\it vs.} post-point discretization rule). Remarkably, within our relativistic scheme we find that the post-point rule (or the transport form) yields the only Fokker-Planck dynamics from which the relativistic Maxwell-Boltzmann statistics is recovered as the stationary solution. The relativistic velocity effects become distinctly more pronounced by going from one to three spatial dimensions. Moreover, we present numerical results for the asymptotic mean square displacement of a free relativistic Brownian particle moving in (1+3) dimensions.
description: Submitted to Phys. Rev. E
An Analysis of Parton Distribution Functions of the Pion and the Kaon with the Maximum Entropy Input
Creators: name: Han, Chengdong
name: Xie, Gang
name: Wang, Rong
name: Chen, Xurong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present pion and kaon parton distribution functions from a global QCD analysis of the experimental data within the framework of dynamical parton model. We use the DGLAP equations with parton-parton recombination corrections and the valence input of uniform distribution which maximizes the information entropy. At our input scale $Q_0^2$, there are no sea quark and gluon distributions. All the sea quarks and gluons of the pion and the kaon are completely generated from the parton splitting processes. The mass-dependent parton splitting kernel is applied for the strange quark distribution in the kaon. The obtained valence quark and sea quark distributions at high $Q^{2}$ ($Q^2>5$ GeV$^2$) are compatible with the existed experimental measurements. Furthermore, the asymptotic behaviours of parton distribution functions at small and large $x$ have been studied for both the pion and the kaon. Lastly, the first three moments of parton distributions at high $Q^{2}$ scale are calculated, which are consistent with other theoretical predictions.
description: 12 pages, 12 figures, minor modifications
Community Control in a Global Economy: Lessons from Mexico's Economic Integration Process
Creators: name: Waters, Eliza
name: Wise, Timothy A.
name: Waters, Eliza
name: Wise, Timothy A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2001
Subjects: Community/Rural/Urban Development

description: The North American Free Trade Agreement appeared to promise economic growth for Mexico and improved living conditions for its people. While the Mexican economy has recovered significantly from its post-NAFTA collapse, there is mounting evidence that many of the pre-NAFTA warnings of worsening poverty and deteriorating environmental conditions were true, if exaggerated. However one interprets the statistics, there is little doubt that the economic integration process, which began a full decade before NAFTA took effect, has created a significant restructuring of the Mexican economy, with some of the country's most vulnerable residents facing the harshest conditions. How have those most affected by the economic integration process responded to the challenges and opportunities posed by globalization? Based on a collaborative research project between U.S. and Mexican researchers, the authors provide an overview of the existing English-language research on the subject and suggest a research agenda to assess adaptive strategies and to draw from those experiences lessons for the construction of future trade agreements.
Haubst, Rudolf (Hrsg.), Nikolaus von Kues als Promotor der Ökumene
Creators: name: Kemper, Claus
Publisher: name: Ökumenische Rundschau
Year: 2025

description: Ökumenische Rundschau, Bd. 22 Nr. 1 (1973): Ökumenische Rundschau, Band 22, Heft 1
Clocks, Creation, and Clarity: Insights on Ethics and Economics from a Feminist Perspective
Creators: name: Nelson, Julie A.
name: Nelson, Julie A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: Institutional and Behavioral Economics

description: This essay discusses the origins, biases, and effects on contemporary discussions of economics and ethics of the unexamined use of the metaphor "an economy is a machine." The neoliberal view that the self-regulated workings of free markets should be kept free of impediments is based on this metaphor. Many of the critiques of capitalist systems are, as well. The belief that economists simply uncover universal "laws of motion" of economies, however, is shown to be based on a variety of rationalist thinking that-while widely held-is inadequate for explaining lived human experience. Feminist scholarship in philosophy of science and economics has brought to light some of the biases that have supported the mechanistic worldview. By structuring thought and language in dualistic categories such that alternatives to a mechanistic worldview are labeled as "soft," the mechanistic view maintains some of its power by seeming "masculine" and "tough." Possible alternatives to the "an economy is a machine" metaphor are discussed in their relation to developments in philosophy, psychology, and the natural sciences. The essay argues that metaphors such as "an economy is a creative process" and "an economy is an organism" are both intellectually defensible as guides to scientific inquiry and provide a richer ground for moral imagination.
Proton-neutron pairing energies in N=Z nuclei at finite temperature
Creators: name: Kaneko, K.
name: Hasegawa, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Thermal behavior of isoscalar and isovector proton-neutron (pn) pairing energies at finite temperature are investigated by the shell model calculations. These pn pairing energies can be estimated by double differences of "thermal" energies which are extended from the double differences of binding energies as the indicators of pn pairing energies at zero temperature. We found that the delicate balance between isoscalar and isovector pn pairing energies at zero temperature disappears at finite temperature. When temperature rises, while the isovector pn pairing energy decreases, the isoscalar pn pairing energy rather increases. We discuss also the symmetry energy at finite temperature.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures, accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. C
MPEC 2024-A114 : 2024 AT2
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2024 AT2

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Cosmological constraints from clustering properties of galaxy clusters
Creators: name: Del Popolo, A.
name: Ercan, N.
name: Yesilyurt, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we discuss improvements of the Suto et al. (2000) model, in the light of recent theoretical developments (new theoretical mass functions, a more accurate mass-temperature relation and an improved bias model) to predict the clustering properties of galaxy clusters and to obtain constraints on cosmological parameters. We re-derive the two-point correlation function of clusters of galaxies for OCDM and LambdaCDM cosmological models, and we compare these results with the observed spatial correlation function for clusters in RASS1 (ROSAT All-Sky Survey 1), and in XBACs (X-RAY Brighest Abell-Type) samples. The comparison shows that the best agreement is obtained for the LambdaCDM model with Omega=0.3. The values of the correlation length obtained, (r_\simeq 28.2 \pm 5.2 \rm h^{-1}} Mpc for LambdaCDM), are larger than those found in the literature and comparable with the results found in Borgani, Plionis & Kolokotronis (1999). (REST IN THE PAPER ABSTRACT)
description: printed in A&A
ЭФФЕКТИВНАЯ ПЕРЕРАБОТКА НЕФТЯНЫХ ОСТАТКОВ
Creators: name: Тошматов, Д.А.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Новизной данной разработки является то, что впервые  предложена технологическая схема, которая работает по способу превращения нефтешлама в селективный продукт - окисленное связующее для применения в межпромысловом дорожном строительстве.
Informational properties of holographic Lifshitz field theory
Creators: name: Gong, Huajie
name: Liu, Peng
name: Fu, Guoyang
name: Kuang, Xiao-Mei
name: Wu, Jian-Pin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we explore the properties of holographic entanglement entropy (HEE), mutual information (MI) and entanglement of purification (EoP) in holographic Lifshitz theory. These informational quantities exhibit some universal properties of holographic dual field theory. For most configuration parameters and temperatures, these informational quantities change monotonously with the Lifshitz dynamical critical exponent $z$. However, we also observe some non-monotonic behaviors for these informational quantities in some specific spaces of configuration parameters and temperatures. A particularly interesting phenomenon is that a dome-shaped diagram emerges in the behavior of MI vs $z$, and correspondingly a trapezoid-shaped profile appears in that of EoP vs $z$. This means that for some specific configuration parameters and temperatures, the system measured in terms of MI and EoP is entangled only in a certain intermediate range of $z$.
description: 29 pages, 18 figures. Published version
The Evolution of Rest-Frame K-band Properties of Early-Type Galaxies from z=1 to the Present
Creators: name: van der Wel, A.
name: Franx, M.
name: van Dokkum, P. G.
name: Huang, J.
name: Rix, H. -W.
name: Illingworth, G. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We measure the evolution of the rest-frame K-band Fundamental Plane from z=1 to the present by using IRAC imaging of a sample of early-type galaxies in the Chandra Deep Field-South at z~1 with accurately measured dynamical masses. We find that $M/L_K$ evolves as $Δ\ln{(M/L_K)}=(-1.18\pm0.10)z$, which is slower than in the B-band ($Δ\ln{(M/L_B)}=(-1.46\pm0.09)z$). In the B-band the evolution has been demonstrated to be strongly mass dependent. In the K-band we find a weaker trend: galaxies more massive than $M=2\times10^{11}M_{\odot}$ evolve as $Δ\ln{(M/L_K)}=(-1.01\pm0.16)z$; less massive galaxies evolve as $Δ\ln{(M/L_K)}=(-1.27\pm0.11)z$. As expected from stellar population models the evolution in $M/L_K$ is slower than the evolution in $M/L_B$. However, when we make a quantitative comparison, we find that the single burst Bruzual-Charlot models do not fit the results well, unless large dust opacities are allowed at z=1. Models with a flat IMF fit better, Maraston models with a different treatment of AGB stars fit best. These results show that the interpretation of rest-frame near-IR photometry is severely hampered by model uncertainties and therefore that the determination of galaxy masses from rest-frame near-IR photometry may be harder than was thought before.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures, Accepted for publication in ApJL
Regularity of parity binomial edge ideals
Creators: name: Kumar, Arvind
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Commutative Algebra (math.AC)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 13D02, 05E40, 13A70, 13C13

description: Let $G$ be a simple graph on $n$ vertices and $\mathcal{I}_G$ denotes parity binomial edge ideal of $G$ in the polynomial ring $S = \mathbb{K}[x_1,\ldots, x_n, y_1, \ldots, y_n].$ We obtain a lower bound for the regularity of parity binomial edge ideals of graphs. We then classify all graphs whose parity binomial edge ideals have regularity $3$. We classify graphs whose parity binomial edge ideals have pure resolution.
description: 10 pages, Suggestions and comments are welcome. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1911.10388
Black hole production in tachyonic preheating
Creators: name: Suyama, Teruaki
name: Tanaka, Takahiro
name: Bassett, Bruce
name: Kudoh, Hideaki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present fully non-linear simulations of a self-interacting scalar field in the early universe undergoing tachyonic preheating. We find that density perturbations on sub-horizon scales which are amplified by tachyonic instability maintain long range correlations even during the succeeding parametric resonance, in contrast to the standard models of preheating dominated by parametric resonance. As a result the final spectrum exhibits memory and is not universal in shape. We find that throughout the subsequent era of parametric resonance the equation of state of the universe is almost dust-like, hence the Jeans wavelength is much smaller than the horizon scale. If our 2D simulations are accurate reflections of the situation in 3D, then there are wide regions of parameter space ruled out by over-production of black holes. It is likely however that realistic parameter values, consistent with COBE/WMAP normalisation, are safetly outside this black hole over-production region.
description: 6pages, 7figures, figures corrected
Principal series component of Gelfand-Graev representation
Creators: name: Mishra, Manish
name: Pattanayak, Basudev
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Let $G$ be a connected reductive group defined over a non-archimedean local field $F$. Let $B$ be a minimal $F$-parabolic subgroup with Levi factor $T$ and unipotent radical $U$. Let $ψ$ be a non-degenerate character of $U(F)$ and $λ$ a character of $T(F)$. Let $(K,ρ)$ be a Bushnell-Kutzko type associated to the Bernstein block of $G(F)$ determined by the pair $(T,λ)$. We study the $ρ$-isotypical component $(c\text{-ind}_{U(F)}^{G(F)}ψ)^ρ$ of the induced space $c\text{-ind}_{U(F)}^{G(F)}ψ$ of functions compactly supported mod $U(F)$. We show that $(c\text{-ind}_{U(F)}^{G(F)}ψ)^ρ$ is cyclic module for the Hecke algebra $\mathcal{H}(G,ρ)$ associated to the pair $(K,ρ)$. When $T$ is split, we describe it more explicitly in terms of $\mathcal{H}(G,ρ)$. We make assumptions on the residue characteristic of $F$ and later also on the characteristic of $F$ and the center of $G$ depending on the pair $(T,λ)$. Our results generalize the main result of Chan and Savin in \cite{CS18} who treated the case of $λ=1$ for $T$ split.
description: Statement of Theorem 3 corrected. To appear in Proceedings of the American Mathematical Society
Enhancing blockchain security through natural language processing and real-time monitoring
Creators: name: Salzano, Francesco
name: Pareschi, Remo
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified

description: We describe implementing and testing a security monitoring system for Blockchain-based applications by performing Log Analysis through natural language processing (NLP) techniques and enabling queries via REST API. The study focuses on the Hyperledger Fabric framework, a highly reliable and scalable open-source software platform for private blockchains. The real-time monitoring system aims to detect and prevent attack scenarios on the network structure and smart contracts, such as DDOS, Sybil, and Eclipse. The vulnerability analysis is extended to inspecting Docker containers to detect network-based attacks. Although the case study focuses on Hyperledger Fabric, the techniques used are general and applicable to all Blockchain-based systems and fulfill the need to provide adequate monitoring capabilities for blockchain implementations.
A direct link between active matter and sheared granular systems
Creators: name: Morse, Peter K.
name: Roy, Sudeshna
name: Agoritsas, Elisabeth
name: Stanifer, Ethan
name: Corwin, Eric I.
name: Manning, M. Lisa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The similarity in mechanical properties of dense active matter and sheared amorphous solids has been noted in recent years without a rigorous examination of the underlying mechanism. We develop a mean-field model that predicts that their critical behavior should be equivalent in infinite dimensions, up to a rescaling factor that depends on the correlation length of the applied field. We test these predictions in 2d using a new numerical protocol, termed `athermal quasi-static random displacement', and find that these mean-field predictions are surprisingly accurate in low dimensions. We identify a general class of perturbations that smoothly interpolate between the uncorrelated localized forces that occur in the high-persistence limit of dense active matter, and system-spanning correlated displacements that occur under applied shear. These results suggest a universal framework for predicting flow, deformation, and failure in active and sheared disordered materials.
Ultracold Molecule Production Via a Resonant Oscillating Magnetic Field
Creators: name: Thompson, S. T.
name: Hodby, E.
name: Wieman, C. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A novel atom-molecule conversion technique has been investigated. Ultracold 85Rb atoms sitting in a DC magnetic field near the 155G Feshbach resonance are associated by applying a small sinusoidal oscillation to the magnetic field. There is resonant atom to molecule conversion when the modulation frequency closely matches the molecular binding energy. We observe that the atom to molecule conversion efficiency depends strongly on the frequency, amplitude, and duration of the applied modulation and on the initial phase space density of the sample. This technique offers high conversion efficiencies without the necessity of crossing or closely approaching the Feshbach resonance and allows precise spectroscopic measurements.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures
Pairing Matrix Elements and Pairing Gaps with Bare, Effective and Induced Interactions
Creators: name: Barranco, F.
name: Bortignon, P. F.
name: Broglia, R. A.
name: Colo', G.
name: Schuck, P.
name: Vigezzi, E.
name: Vinas, X.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The dependence on the single-particle states of the pairing matrix elements of the Gogny force and of the bare low-momentum nucleon-nucleon potential $v_{low-k}$ is studied in the semiclassical approximation for the case of a typical finite, superfluid nucleus ($^{120}$Sn). It is found that the matrix elements of $v_{low-k}$ follow closely those of $v_{Gogny}$ on a wide range of energy values around the Fermi energy $e_F$, those associated with $v_{low-k}$ being less attractive. This result explains the fact that around $e_F$ the pairing gap $Δ_{Gogny}$ associated with the Gogny interaction (and with a density of single-particle levels corresponding to an effective $k$-mass $m_k\approx 0.7 m$) is a factor of about 2 larger than $Δ_{low-k}$,being in agreement with $Δ_{exp}$= 1.4 MeV. The exchange of low-lying collective surface vibrations among pairs of nucleons moving in time-reversal states gives rise to an induced pairing interaction $v_{ind}$ peaked at $e_F$. The interaction $(v_{low-k}+ v_{ind})Z_ω$ arising from the renormalization of the bare nucleon-nucleon potential and of the single-particle motion ($ω-$mass and quasiparticle strength $Z_ω$) due to the particle-vibration coupling leads to a value of the pairing gap at the Fermi energy $Δ_{ren}$ which accounts for the experimental value.
Algorithms for Nonnegative Matrix Factorization with the Kullback-Leibler Divergence
Creators: name: Hien, Le Thi Khanh
name: Gillis, Nicolas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Nonnegative matrix factorization (NMF) is a standard linear dimensionality reduction technique for nonnegative data sets. In order to measure the discrepancy between the input data and the low-rank approximation, the Kullback-Leibler (KL) divergence is one of the most widely used objective function for NMF. It corresponds to the maximum likehood estimator when the underlying statistics of the observed data sample follows a Poisson distribution, and KL NMF is particularly meaningful for count data sets, such as documents or images. In this paper, we first collect important properties of the KL objective function that are essential to study the convergence of KL NMF algorithms. Second, together with reviewing existing algorithms for solving KL NMF, we propose three new algorithms that guarantee the non-increasingness of the objective function. We also provide a global convergence guarantee for one of our proposed algorithms. Finally, we conduct extensive numerical experiments to provide a comprehensive picture of the performances of the KL NMF algorithms.
description: 31 pages, Accepted in the Journal of Scientific Computing
Is Economics a Natural Science?
Creators: name: Nelson, Julie A.
name: Nelson, Julie A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2004
Subjects: Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession

description: Advocates of a more socially responsible discipline of economics often emphasize the purposive and unpredictable nature of human economic behavior, contrasting this to the presumably deterministic behavior of natural forces. This essay argues that such a distinction between "social" and "natural" sciences is in fact counterproductive, especially when issues of ecological sustainability are concerned. What is needed instead is a better notion of science-"science-with-wonder"-which grounds serious science in relational, non-Newtonian thinking.
A dynamics theory of justice : Nietzsche, Holmes, and self-organizing criticality
Creators: name: Braithwaite, Murray James
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Problem: Although Oliver Wendell Holmes Jr. transformed American jurisprudence into critical self-awareness, there is no consensus on the nature of his legal theory. Holmes imperfectly represents each of several incompatible approaches. Commentators presume Holmes lacked any original or coherent theory of justice. Friedrich Nietzsche is likewise presumed a critical philosopher without a coherent theory of justice. Nietzsche wrote esoterically, but there is no consensus on the content of his esoteric agenda. Nietzsche's attitudes toward women appear misogynistic, but his philosophy paradoxically appeals to many feminists. Method: By re-conceptualizing Holmes and Nietzsche in terms of the principles of self-organized criticality, their understandings of causation and developmental dynamics become coherent. This thesis re-conceptualizes common-law legal reasoning as exploiting principles of self-organized criticality to build knowledge inductively. This reveals that Holmes and Nietzsche's genealogical critique of idealism rests on the computational implausibility of assuming there always exist microlevel rules to achieve desired macro-level goals. The legal-reasoning model shows that justice entails an inexhaustible open-system dynamic of applying limited resources to accommodate better an ever-broadening matrix of conflicting values. Nietzsche assesses psychological and social conditions that foster this collective creativity and decadent conditions that inhibit the growth of justice. Nietzsche identifies problems specific to institutions that require special safeguards that he esoterically conceals. Using Nietzsche's exoteric accounts of psychology and rhetoric based on principles of self-organized criticality, Nietzsche's esoteric techniques can be inferred, including his syncretism of pagan myths, which reveals his esoteric content. Conclusion: Holmes and Nietzsche applied a coherent theory of justice based on principles of causation and dynamics not widely accepted until the late twentieth century but having roots in ancient myths and isolated prior thinkers. Nietzsche defines justice as pursuing robust community growth without sacrificing the future for the present. Both Holmes and Nietzsche accord pursuit of justice with the good life whereby individuals promote their own development for greater sacrifice for the community. Nietzsche's esoteric solution to his problem of institutions was matriarchy. Nietzsche's matriarchy follows from his identification of the root of the institutional problem as male windfall opportunism, an evolved unconscious male tendency resulting from uncertainty over genetic parentage.
Hamiltonian operator approximation for energy measurement and ground state preparation
Creators: name: Bespalova, Tatiana A.
name: Kyriienko, Oleksandr
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Hamiltonian operator plays a central role in quantum theory being a generator of unitary quantum dynamics. Its expectation value describes the energy of a quantum system. Typically being a non-unitary operator, the action of the Hamiltonian is either encoded using complex ancilla-based circuits, or implemented effectively as a sum of Pauli string terms. Here, we show how to approximate the Hamiltonian operator as a sum of propagators using a differential representation. The proposed approach, named Hamiltonian operator approximation (HOA), is designed to benefit analog quantum simulators, where one has direct access to simulation of quantum dynamics, but measuring separate circuits is not possible. We describe how to use this strategy in the hybrid quantum-classical workflow for performing energy measurements. Benchmarking the measurement scheme, we discuss the relevance of the discretization step size, stencil order, number of shots, and noise. We also use HOA to prepare ground states of complex material science models with direct iteration and quantum filter diagonalization, finding the lowest energy for the 12-qubit Hamiltonian of hydrogen chain H$_6$ with $10^{-5}$ Hartree precision using $11$ time-evolved reference states. The approach is compared to the variational quantum eigensolver, proving HOA beneficial for systems at increasing size corresponding to noisy large scale quantum devices. We find that for Heisenberg model with twelve or more spins our approach may outperform variational methods, both in terms of the gate depth and the total number of measurements.
description: v3: VQE and QPEA comparison extended; close to the published version
Estimated value of productivity lost due to childhood chickenpox in the United Kingdom: a survey of parents
Creators: name: Wittenberg, Raphael
name: Damant, Jacqueline
name: Rehill, Amritpal
name: Knapp, Martin
name: Adeyemi, Tobi
name: Matthews, Ian
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: While medical costs of chickenpox have been researched, little is known about indirect costs. Understanding total costs is important for decisions about vaccination. This study estimated the value of lost productivity of adults missing work to care for children with chickenpox. It comprised an international literature review, online survey of 1,526 parents of children aged 1 to 11 years, and computation of indirect costs of chickenpox in the UK. The survey covered chickenpox episodes amongst respondents’ children, time children took off school/nursery, and work absenteeism by parents/caregivers caring for them. Respondents reported on 2,283 children, of whom 52% (1185/2283) experienced chickenpox. Almost half (591/1185) missed days of school/nursery, averaging 5.6 days missed. In 260 cases of 542 adults providing data with such a child, an adult missed work to care for the child. The daily value of this lost productivity was £170. There were approximately 200,000 GP consultations for chickenpox and 625,000 births annually, suggesting annual chickenpox incidence lies between these figures. The estimated annual UK productivity loss due to chickenpox is £20 -£70 million ($25-$90 million). Annual value of lost productivity due to chickenpox is in range £20 to £70 million.
Rahner, Karl, Strukturwandel der Kirche als Aufgabe und Chance
Creators: name: Boeckler, Richard
Publisher: name: Ökumenische Rundschau
Year: 2025

description: Ökumenische Rundschau, Bd. 22 Nr. 1 (1973): Ökumenische Rundschau, Band 22, Heft 1
Additional file 1 of The cost-effectiveness of government actions to reduce sodium intake through salt substitutes in Vietnam
Creators: name: Taylor, Colman
name: Hoek, Annet C.
name: Deltetto, Irene
name: Peacock, Adrian
name: Ha, Do Thi Phuong
name: Sieburg, Michael
name: Hoang, Dolly
name: Trieu, Kathy
name: Cobb, Laura K.
name: Jan, Stephen
name: Webster, Jacqui
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1: Supplementary Table 1. Estimated systolic blood pressure according to salt substitute strategy and age strata, Vietnam. Supplementary Table 2. Baseline incidence of stroke and IHD according to salt substitute strategy and age strata, Vietnam. Supplementary Table 3. Relative risk reduction of stroke according to salt substitute strategy and age strata, Vietnam. Supplementary Table 4. Relative risk reduction of IHD according to salt substitute strategy and age strata, Vietnam. Supplementary Table 5. Results of the sensitivity analysis: Regulatory strategy. Supplementary Table 6. Results of the sensitivity analysis: Subsidised strategy. Supplementary Table 7. Results of the sensitivity analysis: Voluntary strategy. Supplementary Table 8. Comparison of cost-effectiveness studies
D. Eurico Dias Nogueira na Arquidiocese de Braga
Creators: name: Couto, Sílvio
Publisher: name: Theologica
Year: 2021

description: Theologica, v. 35 n. 2 (2000): D. Eurico Dias Nogueira. Arcebispo Primaz de Braga (1977-1999). Homenagem.
Ruling out Bipartite Nonsignaling Nonlocal Models for Tripartite Correlations
Creators: name: Bierhorst, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Many three-party correlations, including some that are commonly described as genuinely tripartite nonlocal, can be simulated by a network of underlying subsystems that display only bipartite nonsignaling nonlocal behavior. Quantum mechanics predicts three-party correlations that admit no such simulation, suggesting there are versions of nonlocality in nature transcending the phenomenon of bipartite nonsignaling nonlocality. This paper introduces a rigorous framework for analyzing tripartite correlations that can be simulated by bipartite-only networks. We confirm that expected properties of so-obtained correlations, such as no-signaling, indeed hold, and show how to use the framework to derive Bell-inequality-type constraints on these correlations that can be robustly violated by tripartite quantum systems. In particular, we use this framework to rederive a version of one such constraint previously described in a paper of Chao and Reichardt (arXiv:1706.02008).
description: Close to published version
Geometrization of the electro-weak model bosonic component
Creators: name: Cianfrani, Francesco
name: Montani, Giovanni
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work we develop a geometrical unification theory for gravity and the electro-weak model in a Kaluza-Klein approach; in particular, from the curvature dimensional reduction Einstein-Yang-Mills action is obtained. We consider two possible space-time manifolds: 1)$V^{4}\otimes S^{1}\otimes S^{2}$ where isospin doublets are identified with spinors; 2) $V^{4}\otimes S^{1}\otimes S^{3}$ in which both quarks and leptons doublets can be recast into the same spinor, such that the equal number of quark generations and leptonic families is explained. Finally a self-interacting complex scalar field is introduced to reproduce the spontaneous symmetry breaking mechanism; in this respect, at the end we get an Higgs fields whose two components have got opposite hypercharges.
description: 15 pages, no figures, to appear on Int. Jour. of Theor. Phys
Biological diversity and intellectual property rights : the challenge of traditional knowledge
Creators: name: Oguamanam, Chidi Vitus
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: The abundance of wealth and technology in the North, and biological diversity and poverty in the South provokes an inquiry into an appropriate modality for the equitable harnessing and allocation of biodiversity dividends. Over the years, the traditional knowledge relating to biological diversity has been regarded as part of the "global intellectual commons", open to exploitation by all, and subject to validation by formal methods. That knowledge has remained the source of both increasing knowledge and critical discoveries of the therapeutic values of most components of biological diversity. There is a consensus between the North and the South that an effective biodiversity conservation strategy should be one capable of providing incentives to the traditional custodians of wild habitat. Intellectual property is generally recognised as an appropriate framework to implement this objective. However, as a perennial subject of North-South disagreement, there is no consensus on the relevant details or mechanisms for deploying intellectual property rights to effectuate the objective. The United Nations Framework Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) signifies a global regime embodying the ideals of incentivising the traditional custodians of the wild habitat as well as equitable sharing of the benefits of biodiversity. Arguably, it marks an end to the idea of regarding traditional knowledge as part of the global intellectual commons. This thesis contends that the CBD regime carries with it the burden of unresolved North-South perspectives on intellectual property rights. It argues that the heart of the conflict is the reluctance of the North to accord intellectual property status to traditional knowledge. This is partly because of the latter's informal nature but most importantly it derives from an inherent geo-political ideological conflict on the subject of intellectual property rights. Presently, the recognition of rights over traditional knowledge is approached on a sui generis basis. This thesis takes the position that the approach with its several limitations is not persuasive. It contends that on the merits, traditional knowledge is, and ought to be recognised as a subject matter of intellectual property rights. The recent elevation of intellectual property (a traditional subject matter of national law) to the international level under the WTO/TRIPs Agreement further undermines traditional knowledge. This has posed a setback not only to the global biodiversity conservation initiative, but also to the quest for equitable allocation of its dividends. It is my thesis that a national approach offers a better option for accommodating the intellectual property status of traditional knowledge and consequentially for advancing the quest for biodiversity conservation as well as equitable allocation of the dividends arising therefrom.
Additional file 1 of Implementing the DEcision-Aid for Lupus (IDEAL): study protocol of a multi-site implementation trial with observational, case study design
Creators: name: Singh, Jasvinder A.
name: Hearld, Larry R.
name: Hall, Allyson G.
name: T. Mark Beasley
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1: Appendix 1. Data Collection and Analyses for Specific Aim 1 and Specific Aim 3. Appendix 2. Members of the various IDEAL committees.
Monolayer CrCl$_3$ as an ideal Test Bed for the Universality Classes of 2D Magnetism
Creators: name: Dupont, Maxime
name: Kvashnin, Yaroslav O.
name: Shiranzaei, Mahroo
name: Fransson, Jonas
name: Laflorencie, Nicolas
name: Kantian, Adrian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The monolayer halides CrX$_3$ (X=Cl, Br, I) attract significant attention for realizing 2D magnets with genuine long-range order (LRO), challenging the Mermin-Wagner theorem. Here, we show that monolayer CrCl$_3$ has the unique benefit of exhibiting tunable magnetic anisotropy upon applying a compressive strain. This opens the possibility to use CrCl$_3$ for producing and studying both ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic 2D Ising-type LRO as well as the Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless (BKT) regime of 2D magnetism with quasi-LRO. Using state-of-the-art density functional theory, we explain how realistic compressive strain could be used to tune the monolayer's magnetic properties so that it could exhibit any of these phases. Building on large-scale quantum Monte Carlo simulations, we compute the phase diagram of strained CrCl$_3$, as well as the magnon spectrum with spin-wave theory. Our results highlight the eminent suitability of monolayer CrCl$_3$ to achieve very high BKT transition temperatures, around 50 K, due to their singular dependence on the weak easy-plane anisotropy of the material.
description: 6 pages (4 figures) + 4 pages (6 figures)
Coyné, André, Portugal é um ente... - De l'Être du Portugal, apresentação de Pinharanda Gomes, «Col. Lusíadas», Fundação Lusíada, Fribourg-Lisboa, 1999, 240 p., 230 x 160, ISBN 972-9450-22-6
Creators: name: Coutinho, Jorge
Publisher: name: Theologica
Year: 2021

description: Theologica, v. 35 n. 1 (2000): No aniversário do mistério da encarnação
MACROECONOMIC POLICY REFORMS AND AGRICULTURE: TOWARDS EQUITABLE GROWTH IN ZIMBABWE
Creators: name: Bautista, Romeo M.
name: Thomas, Marcelle
name: Muir-Leresche, Kay
name: Lofgren, Hans
name: Bautista, Romeo M.
name: Thomas, Marcelle
name: Muir-Leresche, Kay
name: Lofgren, Hans
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: Political Economy

description: This report investigates the income and equity effects of macroeconomic policy reforms in Zimbabwe, emphasizing linkages between macroeconomic policies and agricultural performance and agriculture's influence on aggregate income and its distribution. Analyses focus on reform of the foreign trade regime, public expenditure, and tax policy, along with the potential benefits of combining these structural changes with various land reform scenarios. The study uses a CGE model that provides a policy simulation laboratory in which exogenous policy changes are analyzed for their economywide income and equity effects. The report highlights the need for policy complementarities in Zimbabwe that can contribute to equitable growth. It should be of interest not only to those concerned with recent economic developments in Zimbabwe but also to those concerned with the broader issues of macroeconomic reform and its ultimate effects.
Momentum transfer squared dependence of exclusive quarkonia photoproduction in UPCs
Creators: name: Henkels, Cheryl
name: de Oliveira, Emmanuel G.
name: Pasechnik, Roman
name: Trebien, Haimon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we study fully differential quarkonia photoproduction observables in ultraperipheral collisions (UPCs) as functions of momentum transfer squared. We employ the dipole picture of the QCD part of the scattering with proton and nucleus targets, with the projectile being a quasi-real photon flux emitted by an incoming hadron. We analyse such observables for ground $J/ψ$, $Υ(1S)$ and excited $ψ'$, $Υ(2S)$ states whose light-front wave functions are obtained in the framework of interquark potential model incorporating the Melosh spin transformation. Two different low-$x$ saturation models, one obtained by solving the Balitsky--Kovchegov equation with the collinearly improved kernel and the other with a Gaussian impact-parameter dependent profile, are used to estimate the underlined theoretical uncertainties of our calculations. The results for the proton target and with charmonium in the final state are in agreement with the available HERA data, while in the case of nucleus target we make predictions for $γA$ and $AA$ differential cross sections at different $W$ and at $\sqrt{s}=5.02$ TeV, respectively.
description: 20 pages, 9 figures, to be published in PRD
Marginal Deformations of Field Theories with AdS_4 Duals
Creators: name: Gauntlett, Jerome P.
name: Lee, Sangmin
name: Mateos, Toni
name: Waldram, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We generate new AdS_4 solutions of D=11 supergravity starting from AdS_4 x X_7 solutions where X_7 has U(1)^3 isometry. We consider examples where X_7 is weak G_2, Sasaki-Einstein or tri-Sasakian, corresponding to d=3 SCFTs with N=1,2 or 3 supersymmetry, respectively, and where the deformed solutions preserve N=1,2 or 1 supersymmetry, respectively. For the special cases when X_7 is M(3,2), Q(1,1,1) or N(1,1)_I we identify the exactly marginal deformation in the dual field theory. We also show that the volume of supersymmetric 5-cycles of N(1,1)_I agrees with the conformal dimension predicted by the baryons of the dual field theory.
description: 28 pages, 2 figures; v2. typos corrected
GROUP-BASED FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS FOR THE RURAL POOR IN BANGLADESH: AN INSTITUTIONAL- AND HOUSEHOLD-LEVEL ANALYSIS
Creators: name: Zeller, Manfred
name: Sharma, Manohar P.
name: Ahmed, Akhter U.
name: Rashid, Shahidur
name: Zeller, Manfred
name: Sharma, Manohar P.
name: Ahmed, Akhter U.
name: Rashid, Shahidur
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2001
Subjects: Financial Economics

description: In the last two decades, nongovernmental organizations in Bangladesh have provided millions of poor rural people with savings and credit services at low cost. These services have reduced poverty and may have improved food security and nutrition and achieved positive social change as well. The relative success of these microfinance institutions merits an in-depth examination of their structure, conduct, and performance and the role they play in reducing poverty. This report analyzes the fit between the rural poor and three key NGOs that represent the variety of microfinance institutions in Bangladesh. The report evaluates the effects of microfinance credit programs on household resource allocation, income generation, food and non-food consumption, and the social attitudes and capacities of members. It suggests that microfinance institutions should be expanded, but with careful attention to cost and financial sustainability. This report will be of interest to professionals involved in credit, food security, nutrition, food policy, rural development, and social change.
Vector dark matter production from inflation with symmetry breaking
Creators: name: Salehian, Borna
name: Gorji, Mohammad Ali
name: Firouzjahi, Hassan
name: Mukohyama, Shinji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a scenario of vector dark matter production from symmetry breaking at the end of inflation. In this model, the accumulated energy density associated with the quantum fluctuations of the dark photon accounts for the present energy density of dark matter. The inflaton is a real scalar field while a heavy complex scalar field, such as the waterfall of hybrid inflation, is charged under the dark gauge field. After the heavy field becomes tachyonic at the end of inflation, rolling rapidly towards its global minimum, the dark photon acquires mass via the Higgs mechanism. To prevent the decay of the vector field energy density during inflation, we introduce couplings between the inflaton and the gauge field such that the energy is pumped to the dark sector. The setup can generate the observed dark matter abundance for a wide range of the dark photon's mass and with the reheat temperature around $10^{12}$ GeV. The model predicts the formation of cosmic strings at the end of inflation with the tensions which are consistent with the CMB upper bounds.
description: 35 pages, 8 Figures, discussion is improved, matches with the published version
GROWTH, INEQUALITY, AND POVERTY IN RURAL CHINA: THE ROLE OF PUBLIC INVESTMENTS
Creators: name: Fan, Shenggen
name: Zhang, Linxiu
name: Zhang, Xiaobo
name: Fan, Shenggen
name: Zhang, Linxiu
name: Zhang, Xiaobo
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: Food Security and Poverty
International Development
Public Economics

description: In the past two decades, China has achieved world renown for reducing rural poverty. However, it is becoming harder to reduce poverty and inequality further in China, even though its economy continues to grow. This report compares the impact specific rural public investments can have on promoting growth and reducing poverty and inequality. Returns to these investments are calculated for the nation as a whole and for three economic zones in the west, central, and coastal regions of the country. Government expenditures that have the highest impact on poverty and growth include education, agricultural research and development, and rural infrastructure (roads, electricity, and telecommunications). Notably, spending on irrigation and anti-poverty loans had minimal impact. The report discusses the implications of these findings for setting future priorities for government investment. It also suggests avenues for future research and calls for a better understanding of how to improve the effectiveness of public resources. This report will be of interest to professionals involved in rural poverty reduction, rural development, agricultural growth, food security, and public investment policy.