cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Search strategies-Side effects of atypical antipsychotics. A systematic review.pdf
Creators: name: García Bravo, Joseph
name: Flores Mosquera, Karem Manuela
name: Icaza Cortez, Melany Dalila
name: Cueva, Melisa
name: Erazo, María José
name: Trujillo, Anthony
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 320221
subject: Psychiatry (incl. psychotherapy)

description: Atypical antipsychotics, also known as second-generation antipsychotics, have revolutionized the treatment of psychotic disorders in recent decades. These medications have demonstrated efficacy in controlling both positive and negative symptoms of schizophrenia, as well as in the treatment of other psychotic disorders. However, despite their therapeutic benefits, atypical antipsychotics are also associated with a range of side effects. In this review, we aim to examine the most common adverse effects associated with the use of atypical antipsychotics in patients. It is important to note that the incidence and severity of these effects may vary among different atypical antipsychotic agents and also among individuals receiving treatment. However, there are some adverse effects that have been reported more frequently and warrant special attention. One of the most common adverse effects is weight gain and alteration of lipid metabolism. Certain atypical antipsychotics, such as olanzapine and clozapine, have been associated with an increased risk of weight gain, dyslipidemia, and the development of metabolic syndrome. These effects may predispose patients to cardiovascular diseases and type 2 diabetes, needing careful monitoring and appropriate management strategies.
Application of iterative phase-retrieval algorithms to ARPES orbital tomography
Creators: name: Kliuiev, Pavel
name: Latychevskaia, Tatiana
name: Osterwalder, Juerg
name: Hengsberger, Matthias
name: Castiglioni, Luca
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Electronic wave functions of planar molecules can be reconstructed via inverse Fourier transform of angle-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy (ARPES) data, provided the phase of the electron wave in the detector plane is known. Since the recorded intensity is proportional to the absolute square of the Fourier transform of the initial state wave function, information about the phase distribution is lost in the measurement. It was shown that the phase can be retrieved in some cases by iterative algorithms using a priori information about the object such as its size and symmetry. We suggest a more generalized and robust approach for the reconstruction of molecular orbitals based on state-of-the-art phase-retrieval algorithms currently used in coherent diffraction imaging. We draw an analogy between the phase problem in molecular orbital imaging by ARPES and of that in optical coherent diffraction imaging by performing an optical analogue experiment on micrometer-sized structures. We successfully reconstruct amplitude and phase of both the micrometer-sized objects and a molecular orbital from the optical and photoelectron far-field intensity distributions, respectively, without any prior information about the shape of the objects.
description: 13 pages, 5 figures
Outbursts in two new cool pulsating DA white dwarfs
Creators: name: Bell, Keaton J.
name: Hermes, J. J.
name: Montgomery, M. H.
name: Fusillo, N. P. Gentile
name: Raddi, R.
name: Gaensicke, B. T.
name: Winget, D. E.
name: Dennihy, E.
name: Gianninas, A.
name: Tremblay, P. -E.
name: Chote, P.
name: Winget, K. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The unprecedented extent of coverage provided by Kepler observations recently revealed outbursts in two hydrogen-atmosphere pulsating white dwarfs (DAVs) that cause hours-long increases in the overall mean flux of up to 14%. We have identified two new outbursting pulsating white dwarfs in K2, bringing the total number of known outbursting white dwarfs to four. EPIC 211629697, with T_eff = 10,780 +/- 140 K and log(g) = 7.94 +/- 0.08, shows outbursts recurring on average every 5.0 d, increasing the overall flux by up to 15%. EPIC 229227292, with T_eff = 11,190 +/- 170 K and log(g) = 8.02 +/- 0.05, has outbursts that recur roughly every 2.4 d with amplitudes up to 9%. We establish that only the coolest pulsating white dwarfs within a small temperature range near the cool, red edge of the DAV instability strip exhibit these outbursts.
description: 11 pages, 9 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ
Spectral Line Survey toward a Molecular Cloud in IC10
Creators: name: Nishimura, Yuri
name: Shimonishi, Takashi
name: Watanabe, Yoshimasa
name: Sakai, Nami
name: Aikawa, Yuri
name: Kawamura, Akiko
name: Yamamoto, Satoshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have conducted a spectral line survey observation in the 3 mm band toward the low-metallicity dwarf galaxy IC10 with the 45 m radio telescope of Nobeyama Radio Observatory to explore its chemical composition at a molecular-cloud scale (~80 pc). The CS, SO, CCH, HCN, HCO+, and HNC lines are detected for the first time in this galaxy in addition to the CO and 13CO lines, while c-C3H2, CH3OH, CN, C18O, and N2H+ lines are not detected. The spectral intensity pattern is found to be similar to those observed toward molecular clouds in the Large Magellanic Cloud, whose metallicity is as low as IC10. Nitrogen-bearing species are deficient in comparison with the Galactic molecular clouds due to a lower elemental abundance of nitrogen. CCH is abundant in comparison with Galactic translucent clouds, whereas CH3OH may be deficient. These characteristic trends for CCH and CH3OH are also seen in the LMC, and seem to originate from photodissociation regions more extended in peripheries of molecular clouds due to the lower metallicity condition.
description: 13pages, 3 figures, 3 tables, accepted for publication in ApJ
Importance of the H2 abundance in protoplanetary disk ices for the molecular layer chemical composition
Creators: name: Wakelam, V.
name: Ruaud, M.
name: Hersant, F.
name: Dutrey, A.
name: Semenov, D.
name: Majumdar, L.
name: Guilloteau, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Protoplanetary disks are the target of many chemical studies (both observational and theoretical) as they contain the building material for planets. Their large vertical and radial gradients in density and temperature make them challenging objects for chemical models. In the outer part of these disks, the large densities and low temperatures provide a particular environment where the binding of species onto the dust grains can be very efficient and can affect the gas-phase chemical composition. We attempt to quantify to what extent the vertical abundance profiles and the integrated column densities of molecules predicted by a detailed gas-grain code are affected by the treatment of the molecular hydrogen physisorption at the surface of the grains. We performed three different models using the Nautilus gas-grain code. One model uses a H2 binding energy on the surface of water (440 K) and produces strong sticking of H2. Another model uses a small binding energy of 23 K (as if there were already a monolayer of H2), and the sticking of H$_2$ is almost negligible. Finally, the remaining model is an intermediate solution known as the encounter desorption mechanism. We show that the efficiency of molecular hydrogen binding (and thus its abundance at the surface of the grains) can have a quantitative effect on the predicted column densities in the gas phase of major species such as CO, CS, CN, and HCN.
description: Accepted for publication as a Research Note in A&A
Merger-driven evolution of the effective stellar initial mass function of massive early-type galaxies
Creators: name: Sonnenfeld, Alessandro
name: Nipoti, Carlo
name: Treu, Tommaso
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The stellar initial mass function (IMF) of early-type galaxies is the combination of the IMF of the stellar population formed in-situ and that of accreted stellar populations. Using as an observable the effective IMF $α_{IMF}$, defined as the ratio between the true stellar mass of a galaxy and the stellar mass inferred assuming a Salpeter IMF, we present a theoretical model for its evolution as a result of dry mergers. We use a simple dry merger evolution model, based on cosmological $N$-body simulations, together with empirically motivated prescriptions for the IMF to make predictions for how the effective IMF of massive early-type galaxies changes from $z=2$ to $z=0$. We find that the IMF normalization of individual galaxies becomes lighter with time. At fixed velocity dispersion, $α_{IMF}$ is predicted to be constant with redshift. Current constraints on the evolution of the IMF are in slight tension with this prediction, even though systematic uncertainties prevent a conclusive statement. The correlation of $α_{IMF}$ with stellar mass becomes shallower with time, while the correlation between $α_{IMF}$ and velocity dispersion is mostly preserved by dry mergers. We also find that dry mergers can mix the dependence of the IMF on stellar mass and velocity dispersion, making it challenging to infer, from $z=0$ observations of global galactic properties, what is the quantity that is originally coupled with the IMF.
description: Submitted to MNRAS. 14 pages, 7 figures
"Should Epistemic Security Be a Priority GCR Cause Area?"
Creators: name: Seger, Elizabeth
Publisher: name: Stanford Digital Repository
Year: 2023
Subjects: epistemic security
global catastrophic risk
crisis response

description: “Epistemic security” is a term used to describe the resilience of a society's social epistemic systems to detrimental interference called epistemic threats. Epistemic threats include, for example, adversarial influence operations, the erosion of trust in expertise, and extreme polarization. This paper argues epistemic security should be considered a priority global catastrophic risk (GCR) cause area. The reason is not, as one might expect, that our current state of epistemic security is particularly dire, or that we should expect epistemic threats to get much worse in the future. The reasoning centers instead on a rising “threshold level of epistemic security” which can be understood as the level of epistemic security needed for a society to be capable of effectively preparing for or responding to the risks and crises it faces.
Introduction: Expanding the Field of Existential Risk Studies
Creators: name: Zimmer, Daniel
name: Undheim, Trond
Publisher: name: Stanford Digital Repository
Year: 2023
Subjects: existential risk
AI risk
biorisk
policy
scenarios planning

description: The past two decades have seen anthropogenic global catastrophic and existential risks (x-risks) develop into an increasingly prominent source of academic study, policy focus, and public concern. The proceedings of the third annual Stanford Existential Risks Conference present a diverse array of research by both established and emerging scholars on the  past, present, and future of x-risk studies. Some papers sum up the fruits of existing approaches to existential risks, while others address their blind spots or propose potential directions for the future of x-risk studies. Papers vary both by topic—ranging from nuclear risks, biosecurity, ecological collapse, and artificial intelligence and machine learning risks—and by disciplinary approach, featuring works of history, ethics, aesthetics, psychology, political science, sociology, and policy study.  Many papers share a common thread in recognizing the importance of cascading risks—particularly potential interactions among acknowledged x-risks, or how cascades of “merely'' catastrophic risks could combine to jeopardize human survival. Collectively, they contribute to the task of expanding the field of x-risk studies to encompass insights, methods, and ethical orientations drawn from a more diverse and broadly representative range of academic disciplines.
Is this conference a top-tier? ConfAssist: An assistive conflict resolution framework for conference categorization
Creators: name: Singh, Mayank
name: Chakraborty, Tanmoy
name: Mukherjee, Animesh
name: Goyal, Pawan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: Digital Libraries (cs.DL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Classifying publication venues into top-tier or non top-tier is quite subjective and can be debatable at times. In this paper, we propose ConfAssist, a novel assisting framework for conference categorization that aims to address the limitations in the existing systems and portals for venue classification. We start with the hypothesis that top-tier conferences are much more stable than other conferences and the inherent dynamics of these groups differs to a very large extent. We identify various features related to the stability of conferences that might help us separate a top-tier conference from the rest of the lot. While there are many clear cases where expert agreement can be almost immediately achieved as to whether a conference is a top-tier or not, there are equally many cases that can result in a conflict even among the experts. ConfAssist tries to serve as an aid in such cases by increasing the confidence of the experts in their decision. An analysis of 110 conferences from 22 sub-fields of computer science clearly favors our hypothesis as the top-tier conferences are found to exhibit much less fluctuations in the stability related features than the non top-tier ones. We evaluate our hypothesis using systems based on conference categorization. For the evaluation, we conducted human judgment survey with 28 domain experts. The results are impressive with 85.18% classification accuracy. We also compare the dynamics of the newly started conferences with the older conferences to identify the initial signals of popularity. The system is applicable to any conference with atleast 5 years of publication history.
Seismic waves in a three-dimensional block medium
Creators: name: Aleksandrova, Nadezhda
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 74J15

description: We study numerically the propagation of seismic waves in a three-dimensional block medium. The medium is modeled by a spatial lattice of masses connected by elastic springs and viscous dampers. We study Lamb's problem under a surface point vertical load. The cases of both step and pulse load are considered. The displacements and velocities are calculated for surface masses. The influence of the viscosity of the dampers on the attenuation of perturbations is studied. We compare our numerical results for the block medium with known analytical solutions for the elastic medium.
description: 20 pages, 11 figures, 1 table and an electronic supplementary material which consists of 11 pages, 13 figures
Goldstone-Type Pseudoscalar Mesons: Instantaneous Bethe-Salpeter Models
Creators: name: Lucha, Wolfgang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A nontrivial instantaneous variant of the Bethe-Salpeter formalism allows us to discuss massless pseudoscalar mesons from a configuration-space-potential point of view.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures, contributed to "Quark Confinement and the Hadron Spectrum XII" (28 August - 3 September 2016, Thessaloniki, Greece)
Everyday memory in patients with depression: An explorative pilot study using an ecological assessment paradigm
Creators: name: Dehn, Lorenz B.
name: Driessen, Martin
name: Beblo, Thomas
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: Mental Health

description: People with major depressive disorder (MDD) often experience significant memory problems in their daily lives, which, however, frequently do not correspond to standardized memory test (SMT) results. The present pilot study aimed to examine the everyday memory performance of people with MDD by means of an ecological assessment paradigm (EAP). Participants were unexpectedly called one week after their neuropsychological test assessment and asked about their memories of specific details of the former test situation. Associations of this EAP with SMT, subjective everyday memory problems, and symptom coping were exploratively analyzed. The study involved 22 MDD inpatients (M = 42.5 years, 64% female) and 22 comparable healthy control persons. MDD patients showed a significantly reduced performance in the EAP as well as in the SMT and they reported more memory problems in their daily lives. However, the EAP was not related to SMT results assessed a week before. Moreover, only the EAP was significantly associated with subjective daily memory problems and (distraction) coping style in the MDD group. The EAP appears to better reflect the everyday memory problems of persons with depression than standardized test procedures. However, the findings need to be validated by further research with larger samples.
Optimal run-and-tumble based transportation of a Janus particle with active steering
Creators: name: Mano, Tomoyuki
name: Delfau, Jean-Baptiste
name: Sano, Masaki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Even though making artificial micrometric swimmers has been made possible by using various propulsion mechanisms, guiding their motion in the presence of thermal fluctuations still remains a great challenge. Such a task is essential in biological systems, which present a number of intriguing solutions that are robust against noisy environmental conditions as well as variability in individual genetic makeup. Using synthetic Janus particles driven by an electric field, we present a feedback-based particle guiding method, quite analogous to the "run-and-tumbling" behavior of Escherichia coli but with a deterministic steering in the tumbling phase: the particle is set to the "run" state when its orientation vector aligns with the target, while the transition to the "steering" state is triggered when it exceeds a tolerance angle α. The active and deterministic reorientation of the particle is achieved by a characteristic rotational motion that can be switched on and off by modulating the AC frequency of the electric field, first reported in this work. Relying on numerical simulations and analytical results, we show that this feedback algorithm can be optimized by tuning the tolerance angle α. The optimal resetting angle depends on signal to noise ratio in the steering state, and it is demonstrated in the experiment. Proposed method is simple and robust for targeting, despite variability in self-propelling speeds and angular velocities of individual particles.
Code and ModelBuilder Exposure Level tool
Creators: name: Schauman, Santiago A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: - Code for calculating metrics of spatial geometry of protected areas (PostGIS v 3.0) -Code for calculating the NMDS ordination model and Kendall's correlation coefficients (R v 4.2.1) -ModelBuilder example for calculating the exposure level of protected areas (performed in ArcGIS v 10.8).
Development of a Depleted Monolithic CMOS Sensor in a 150 nm CMOS Technology for the ATLAS Inner Tracker Upgrade
Creators: name: Wang, T.
name: Rymaszewski, P.
name: Barbero, M.
name: Degerli, Y.
name: Godiot, S.
name: Guilloux, F.
name: Hemperek, T.
name: Hirono, T.
name: Krüger, H.
name: Liu, J.
name: Orsini, F.
name: Pangaud, P.
name: Rozanov, A.
name: Wermes, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The recent R&D focus on CMOS sensors with charge collection in a depleted zone has opened new perspectives for CMOS sensors as fast and radiation hard pixel devices. These sensors, labelled as depleted CMOS sensors (DMAPS), have already shown promising performance as feasible candidates for the ATLAS Inner Tracker (ITk) upgrade, possibly replacing the current passive sensors. A further step to exploit the potential of DMAPS is to investigate the suitability of equipping the outer layers of the ATLAS ITk upgrade with fully monolithic CMOS sensors. This paper presents the development of a depleted monolithic CMOS pixel sensor designed in the LFoundry 150 nm CMOS technology, with the focus on design details and simulation results.
$α'$ Inflation: Moduli Stabilisation and Observable Tensors from Higher Derivatives
Creators: name: Cicoli, Michele
name: Ciupke, David
name: de Alwis, Senarath
name: Muia, Francesco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The leading order dynamics of the type IIB Large Volume Scenario is characterised by the interplay between $α'$ and non-perturbative effects which fix the overall volume and all local blow-up modes leaving (in general) several flat directions. In this paper we show that, in an arbitrary Calabi-Yau with at least one blow-up mode resolving a point-like singularity, any remaining flat directions can be lifted at subleading order by the inclusions of higher derivative $α'$ corrections. We then focus on simple fibred cases with one remaining flat direction which can behave as an inflaton if its potential is generated by both higher derivative $α'$ and winding loop corrections. Natural values of the underlying parameters give a spectral index in agreement with observational data and a tensor-to-scalar ratio of order $r=0.01$ which could be observed by forthcoming CMB experiments. Dangerous corrections from higher dimensional operators are suppressed due to the presence of an approximate non-compact shift symmetry.
description: 21 pages, 3 figures
White dwarf pollution by planets in stellar binaries
Creators: name: Hamers, Adrian S.
name: Zwart, Simon F. Portegies
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Approximately $0.2 \pm 0.2$ of white dwarfs (WDs) show signs of pollution by metals, which is likely due to the accretion of tidally disrupted planetary material. Models invoking planet-planet interactions after WD formation generally cannot explain pollution at cooling times of several Gyr. We consider a scenario in which a planet is perturbed by Lidov-Kozai oscillations induced by a binary companion and exacerbated by stellar mass loss, explaining pollution at long cooling times. Our computed accretion rates are consistent with observations assuming planetary masses between $\sim 0.01$ and $1\,M_\mathrm{Mars}$, although nongravitational effects may already be important for masses $\lesssim 0.3 \, M_\mathrm{Mars}$. The fraction of polluted WDs in our simulations, $\sim 0.05$, is consistent with observations of WDs with intermediate cooling times between $\sim 0.1$ and 1 Gyr. For cooling times $\lesssim 0.1$ Gyr and $\gtrsim 1$ Gyr, our scenario cannot explain the high observed pollution fractions of up to 0.7. Nevertheless, our results motivate searches for companions around polluted WDs.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS Letters. 5 pages, 5 figures
On Variations Of Pre-Supernova Model Properties
Creators: name: Farmer, R.
name: Fields, C. E.
name: Petermann, I.
name: Dessart, Luc
name: Cantiello, M.
name: Paxton, B.
name: Timmes, F. X.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore the variation in single star 15-30 $\rm{M}_{\odot}$, non-rotating, solar metallicity, pre-supernova MESA models due to changes in the number of isotopes in a fully-coupled nuclear reaction network and adjustments in the mass resolution. Within this two-dimensional plane we quantitatively detail the range of core masses at various stages of evolution, mass locations of the main nuclear burning shells, electron fraction profiles, mass fraction profiles, burning lifetimes, stellar lifetimes, and compactness parameter at core-collapse for models with and without mass loss. Up to carbon burning we generally find mass resolution has a larger impact on the variations than the number of isotopes, while the number of isotopes plays a more significant role in determining the span of the variations for neon, oxygen and silicon burning. Choice of mass resolution dominates the variations in the structure of the intermediate convection zone and secondary convection zone during core and shell hydrogen burning respectively, where we find a minimum mass resolution of $\approx$ 0.01 $\rm{M}_{\odot}$ is necessary to achieve convergence in the helium core mass at the $\approx$5% level. On the other hand, at the onset of core-collapse we find $\approx$30% variations in the central electron fraction and mass locations of the main nuclear burning shells, a minimum of $\approx$127 isotopes is needed to attain convergence of these values at the $\approx$10% level.
description: 32 pages, 1 table, 25 figures, Accepted ApJS
Control of spatial correlations between Rydberg excitations using rotary echo
Creators: name: Thaicharoen, N.
name: Schwarzkopf, A.
name: Raithel, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We manipulate correlations between Rydberg excitations in cold atom samples using a rotary-echo technique. The correlations are due to interactions between the Rydberg atoms. In the rotary-echo excitation sequence, the phase of the excitation pulse is flipped at a selected time during the pulse. We measure the resultant change in the spatial pair correlation function of the excitations via direct position-sensitive atom imaging. For zero detuning of the lasers from the interaction-free Rydberg-excitation resonance, the pair-correlation value at the most likely nearest-neighbor Rydberg-atom distance is substantially enhanced when the phase is flipped at the middle of the excitation pulse. In this case, the rotary echo eliminates most uncorrelated (un-paired) atoms, leaving an abundance of correlated atom pairs at the end of the sequence. In off-resonant cases, a complementary behavior is observed. We further characterize the effect of the rotary-echo excitation sequence on the excitation-number statistics of the atom sample.
Weights & Model Configs for: A Dataset for Analysing Complex Document Layouts in the Digital Humanities and its Evaluation with Krippendorff 's Alpha
Creators: name: Tschirschwitz, David
name: Klemstein, Franziska
name: Stein, Benno
name: Rodehorst, Volker
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: document layout analysis
digital humanities
instance segmentation

description: These are the weights and the model configs for the two models presented in the paper.
Viscosity effects in wind wave generation
Creators: name: Paquier, Anna
name: Moisy, Frederic
name: Rabaud, Marc
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate experimentally the influence of the liquid viscosity on the problem of the generation of waves by a turbulent wind at the surface of a liquid, extending the results of Paquier, Moisy and Rabaud [Phys. Fluids {\bf 27}, 122103 (2015)] over nearly three decades of viscosity. The surface deformations are measured with micrometer accuracy using the Free-Surface Synthetic Schlieren method. We recover the two regimes of surface deformations previously identified: the wrinkles regime at small wind velocity, resulting from the viscous imprint on the liquid surface of the turbulent fluctuations in the boundary layer, and the regular wave regime at large wind velocity. Below the wave threshold, we find that the characteristic amplitude of the wrinkles scales as $ν^{-1/2} u^{* 3/2}$ over nearly the whole range of viscosities, whereas their size are essentially unchanged. We propose a simple model for this scaling, which compares well with the data. We finally show that the critical friction velocity $u^*$ for the onset of regular waves slowly increases with viscosity as $ν^{0.2}$. Whereas the transition between wrinkles and waves is smooth at small viscosity, including for water, it becomes rather abrupt at large viscosity. Finally, a new regime is found at $ν> 100-200 \times 10^{-6}$~m$^2$~s$^{-1}$, characterized by a slow, nearly periodic emission of large-amplitude isolated fluid bumps.
description: To appear in Phys Rev Fluids
SimCADO - an instrument data simulator package for MICADO at the E-ELT
Creators: name: Leschinski, Kieran
name: Czoske, Oliver
name: Köhler, Rainer
name: Mach, Michael
name: Zeilinger, Werner
name: Kleijn, Gijs Verdoes
name: Alves, Joao
name: Kausch, Wolfgang
name: Przybilla, Norbert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: MICADO will be the first-light wide-field imager for the European Extremely Large Telescope (E-ELT) and will provide difiraction limited imaging (7mas at 1.2mm) over a ~53 arcsecond field of view. In order to support various consortium activities we have developed a first version of SimCADO: an instrument simulator for MICADO. SimCADO uses the results of the detailed simulation efforts conducted for each of the separate consortium-internal work packages in order to generate a model of the optical path from source to detector readout. SimCADO is thus a tool to provide scientific context to both the science and instrument development teams who are ultimately responsible for the final design and future capabilities of the MICADO instrument. Here we present an overview of the inner workings of SimCADO and outline our plan for its further development.
description: to appear in Ground-based and Airborne Instrumentation for Astronomy VI, eds. Evans C., Simard L., Takami H., Proc. SPIE vol. 9908 id 73; 2016
Elliptic Problems in $\mathbb{R}^N$ with Critical and Singular Discontinuous Nonlinearities
Creators: name: Dhanya, R.
name: Prashanth, S.
name: Tiwari, Sweta
name: Sreenadh, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Let $Ω$ be a bounded domain in $\mathbb R^{N}$, $N\geq3$ with smooth boundary, $a>0, λ>0$ and $0 0~~\text{in} ~~Ω, \\ u & = 0 ~\text{on}~ \partial Ω. \end{array} \end{eqnarray*} \noindent We study the existence and the global multiplicity of solutions to the above problem.
description: 23 pages, Complex variables and elliptic equations, 2016
Dark matter perturbations and viscosity: a causal approach
Creators: name: Acquaviva, Giovanni
name: John, Anslyn
name: Pénin, Aurélie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The inclusion of dissipative effects in cosmic fluids modifies their clustering properties and could have observable effects on the formation of large scale structures. We analyse the evolution of density perturbations of cold dark matter endowed with causal bulk viscosity. The perturbative analysis is carried out in the Newtonian approximation and the bulk viscosity is described by the causal Israel-Stewart (IS) theory. In contrast to the non-causal Eckart theory, we obtain a third order evolution equation for the density contrast that depends on three free parameters. For certain parameter values, the density contrast and growth factor in IS mimic their behaviour in $Λ$CDM when $z \geq 1$. Interestingly, and contrary to intuition, certain sets of parameters lead to an increase of the clustering.
description: 18 pages, 5 figures
An Aggregate and Iterative Disaggregate Algorithm with Proven Optimality in Machine Learning
Creators: name: Park, Young Woong
name: Klabjan, Diego
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We propose a clustering-based iterative algorithm to solve certain optimization problems in machine learning, where we start the algorithm by aggregating the original data, solving the problem on aggregated data, and then in subsequent steps gradually disaggregate the aggregated data. We apply the algorithm to common machine learning problems such as the least absolute deviation regression problem, support vector machines, and semi-supervised support vector machines. We derive model-specific data aggregation and disaggregation procedures. We also show optimality, convergence, and the optimality gap of the approximated solution in each iteration. A computational study is provided.
On Volterra functions and Ramanujan integrals
Creators: name: Garrappa, Roberto
name: Mainardi, Francesco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 33E20, 33E50, 33F05, 45D05, 65D20

description: Volterra functions were introduced at the beginning of the twentieth century as solutions of some integral equations of convolution type with logarithmic kernel. Since then, few authors have studied this family of functions and faced with the problem of providing a clear understanding of their asymptotic behaviour for small and large arguments. This paper reviews some of the most important results on Volterra functions and in particular collects, into a quite general framework, several results on their asymptotic expansions, these results turn out to be useful not only for the full understanding of the behaviour of the Volterra functions but also for their numerical computation. The connections with integrals of Ramanujan type, which have several important applications, are also discussed.
description: 21 pages, 11 figures
Quartetting in odd-odd self-conjugate nuclei
Creators: name: Sambataro, M.
name: Sandulescu, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We provide a description of odd-odd self-conjugate nuclei in the sd shell in a formalism of collective quartets and pairs. Quartets are four-body structures carrying isospin T=0 while pairs can have either T=0 or T=1. Both quartets and pairs are labeled by the angular momentum J and they are chosen so as to describe the lowest states of 20Ne (quartets) and the lowest T=0 and T=1 states of 18F (pairs). We carry out configuration interaction calculations in spaces built by one quartet and one pair for 22Na and by two quartets and one pair for 26Al. The spectra that are generated are in good agreement with the shell model and experimental ones. These calculations confirm the relevance of quartetting in the structure of N=Z nuclei that had already emerged in previous studies of the even-even systems and highlight the role of J>0 quartets in the composition of the odd-odd spectra.
description: 15 pages, 6 figures
Imaging and spectroscopic observations of a strange elliptical bubble in the northern arm of the spiral galaxy NGC 6946
Creators: name: Efremov, Yuri N.
name: Moiseev, Alexei V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: NGC 6946, known as the Fireworks galaxy because of its high supernova rate and high star formation, is embedded in a very extended HI halo. Its northern spiral arm is well detached from the galactic main body. We found that this arm contains a large (~300 pc in size) Red Ellipse, named according to a strong contamination of the H-alpha emission line on its optical images. The ellipse is accompanied by a short parallel arc and a few others still smaller and less regular; a bright star cluster is seen inside these features. The complicated combination of arcs seems to be unique, it is only a bit similar to some SNRs. However, the long-slit spectral data obtained with the Russian 6-m telescope did not confirm the origin of the nebula as a result of a single SN outburst. The emission-line spectrum corresponds to the photoionization by young hot stars with a small contribution of shock ionization. The most likely explanation of the Red Ellipse is a superbbuble created by a collective feedback of massive stars in the star cluster located in the NE side of the Red Ellipse. However, the very regular elliptical shape of the nebulae seems strange.
description: 8 pages, 6 figures. Submitted to MNRAS after revision. Comments welcome
Diagrammatic Monte Carlo for Dual Fermions
Creators: name: Iskakov, Sergei
name: Antipov, Andrey E.
name: Gull, Emanuel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce a numerical algorithm to stochastically sample the dual fermion perturbation series around the dynamical mean field theory, generating all topologies of two-particle interaction vertices. We show results in the weak and strong coupling regime of the half-filled Hubbard model in two dimensions, illustrating that the method converges quickly where dynamical mean field theory is a good approximation, and show that corrections are large in the strong correlation regime at intermediate interaction. The fast convergence of dual corrections to dynamical mean field results illustrates the power of the approach and opens a practical avenue towards the systematic inclusion of non-local correlations in correlated materials simulations. An analysis of the frequency scale shows that only low-frequency propagators contribute substantially to the diagrams, putting the inclusion of higher order vertices within reach.
Evolution of cosmic filaments and of their galaxy population from MHD cosmological simulations
Creators: name: Gheller, Claudio
name: Vazza, Franco
name: Brueggen, Marcus
name: Alpaslan, Mehmet
name: Holwerda, Benne Willem
name: Hopkins, Andrew
name: Liske, Jochen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Despite containing about a half of the total matter in the Universe, at most wavelengths the filamentary structure of the cosmic web is difficult to observe. In this work, we use large unigrid cosmological simulations to investigate how the geometrical, thermodynamical and magnetic properties of cosmological filaments vary with mass and redshift (z $\leq 1$). We find that the average temperature, length, volume and magnetic field of filaments are tightly log-log correlated with the underlying total gravitational mass. This reflects the role of self-gravity in shaping their properties and enables statistical predictions of their observational properties based on their mass. We also focus on the properties of the simulated population of galaxy-sized halos within filaments, and compare their properties to the results obtained from the spectroscopic GAMA survey. Simulated and observed filaments with the same length are found to contain an equal number of galaxies, with very similar distribution of halo masses. The total number of galaxies within each filament and the total/average stellar mass in galaxies can now be used to predict also the large-scale properties of the gas in the host filaments across tens or hundreds of Mpc in scale. These results are the first steps towards the future use of galaxy catalogues in order to select the best targets for observations of the warm-hot intergalactic medium.
description: 18 pages, 18 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Tricritical wings and modulated magnetic phases in LaCrGe$ _{3}$ under pressure
Creators: name: Kaluarachchi, Udhara S.
name: Bud'ko, Sergey L.
name: Canfield, Paul C.
name: Taufour, Valentin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We determined on the temperature-pressure-magnetic field ($T$-$p$-$H$) phase diagram of the ferromagnet LaCrGe$_3$ from electrical resistivity measurements on single crystals. In ferromagnetic systems, quantum criticality is avoided either by a change of the transition order, becoming of the first order at a tricritical point, or by the appearance of modulated magnetic phases. In the first case, the application of a magnetic field reveals a wing-structure phase diagram as seen in itinerant ferromagnets such as ZrZn$_2$ and UGe$_2$. In the second case, no tricritical wings have been observed so far. Our investigation of LaCrGe$_3$ reveals a double-wing structure indicating strong similarities with ZrZn$_2$ and UGe$_2$. But, unlike these, simpler systems, LaCrGe$_3$ is thought to exhibit a modulated magnetic phase under pressure which already precludes it from a pressure-driven paramagnetic-ferromagnetic quantum phase transition in zero field. As a result, the $T$-$p$-$H$ phase diagram of LaCrGe$_3$ shows both the wing structure as well as the appearance of new magnetic phases, providing the first example of this new possibility for the phase diagram of metallic quantum ferromagnets.
Spider-Web Inspired Mechanical Metamaterials
Creators: name: Miniaci, Marco
name: Krushynska, Anastasiia
name: Movchan, Alexander B.
name: Bosia, Federico
name: Pugno, Nicola M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Spider silk is a remarkable example of bio-material with superior mechanical characteristics. Its multilevel structural organization of dragline and viscid silk leads to unusual and tunable properties, extensively studied from a quasi-static point of view. In this study, inspired by the Nephila spider orb web architecture, we propose a novel design for mechanical metamaterials based on its periodic repetition. We demonstrate that spider-web metamaterial structure plays an important role in the dynamic response and wave attenuation mechanisms. The capability of the resulting structure to inhibit elastic wave propagation in sub-wavelength frequency ranges is assessed and parametric studies are performed to derive optimal configurations and constituent mechanical properties. The results show promise for the design of innovative lightweight structures for tunable vibration damping and impact protection, or the protection of large scale infrastructure such as suspended bridges.
Mott transitions in the Periodic Anderson Model
Creators: name: Logan, David E.
name: Galpin, Martin R.
name: Mannouch, Jonathan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The periodic Anderson model (PAM) is studied within the framework of dynamical mean-field theory, with particular emphasis on the interaction-driven Mott transition it contains, and on resultant Mott insulators of both Mott-Hubbard and charge-transfer type. The form of the PAM phase diagram is first deduced on general grounds using two exact results, over the full range of model parameters and including metallic, Mott, Kondo and band insulator phases.The effective low-energy model which describes the PAM in the vicinity of a Mott transition is then shown to be a one-band Hubbard model, with effective hoppings that are not in general solely nearest neighbour, but decay exponentially with distance. This mapping is shown to have a range of implications for the physics of the problem, from phase boundaries to single-particle dynamics; all of which are confirmed and supplemented by NRG calculations. Finally we consider the locally degenerate, non-Fermi liquid Mott insulator, to describe which requires a two-self-energy description. This is shown to yield a number of exact results for the associated local moment, charge, and interaction-renormalised levels, together with a generalisation of Luttinger's theorem to the Mott insulator.
description: 20 pages, 10 figures
Global and local statistics in turbulent convection at low Prandtl numbers
Creators: name: Scheel, Janet D.
name: Schumacher, Joerg
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Statistical properties of turbulent Rayleigh-Benard convection at low Prandtl numbers (Pr), which are typical for liquid metals such as mercury, gallium or liquid sodium, are investigated in high-resolution three-dimensional spectral element simulations in a closed cylindrical cell with an aspect ratio of one and are compared to previous turbulent convection simulations in air. We compare the scaling of global momentum and heat transfer. The scaling exponents are found to be in agreement with experiments. Mean profiles of the root-mean-square velocity as well as the thermal and kinetic energy dissipation rates have growing amplitudes with decreasing Prandtl number which underlies a more vigorous bulk turbulence in the low-Pr regime. The skin-friction coefficient displays a Reynolds-number dependence that is close to that of an isothermal, intermittently turbulent velocity boundary layer. The thermal boundary layer thicknesses are larger as Pr decreases and conversely the velocity boundary layer thicknesses become smaller. We investigate the scaling exponents and find a slight decrease in exponent magnitude for the thermal boundary layer thickness as Pr decreases, but find the opposite case for the velocity boundary layer thickness scaling. A growing area fraction of turbulent patches close to the heating and cooling plates can be detected by exceeding a locally defined shear Reynolds number threshold. This area fraction is larger for lower Pr at the same Ra. Our analysis of the kurtosis of the locally defined shear Reynolds number demonstrates that the intermittency in the boundary layer is significantly increased for the lower Prandtl number and for sufficiently high Rayleigh number compared to convection in air. This complements our previous findings of enhanced bulk intermittency in low-Prandtl-number convection.
Optical Conductivity From Pair Density Waves
Creators: name: Dai, Zhehao
name: Lee, Patrick A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a theory of optical conductivity in systems with finite-momentum Cooper pairs. In contrast to the BCS pairing where AC conductivity is purely imaginary in the clean limit, there is nonzero AC absorption across the superconducting gap for finite-momentum pairing if we break the Galilean symmetry explicitly in the electronic Hamiltonian. Vertex correction is crucial for maintaining the gauge invariance in the mean-field formalism and dramatically changes the optical conductivity in the direction of the pairing momentum. We carried out a self-consistent calculation and gave an explicit formula for optical conductivity in a simple case. This result applies to the Fulde-Ferrell-Larkin-Ovchinnikov state and candidates with pair density waves proposed for High- Tc cuprates. It may help detect PDW and determine the pairing gap as well as the direction of the pairing momentum in experiments.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures