Archaeological Investigations at Christopher Columbus Park, Tucson, Pima County, Arizona
Creators: name: Fernandez, Rachel
Publisher: name: Desert Archaeology, Inc.
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Tucson Basin
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/geographic-keyword/2758/tucson-basin
subject: Pima (County)
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/geographic-keyword/7353/pima-county
subject: Tucson, AZ
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/geographic-keyword/76651/tucson-az
subject: Early Agricultural period
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/temporal-keyword/158/early-agricultural-period
subject: Rincon Phase
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/temporal-keyword/5632/rincon-phase
subject: Historic
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/temporal-keyword/5728/historic
subject: Early Archaic Period
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/temporal-keyword/7763/early-archaic-period
subject: Hohokam Period
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/temporal-keyword/7332/hohokam-period
subject: Chiricahua Phase
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/temporal-keyword/7718/chiricahua-phase
subject: Early Ceramic period
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/temporal-keyword/5978/early-ceramic-period
subject: Historic Native American
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/culture-keyword/30/historic-native-american
subject: Hohokam
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/culture-keyword/21/hohokam
subject: Huhugam
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/culture-keyword/8166/huhugam
subject: Historic
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/culture-keyword/25/historic
subject: AZ AA:12:105(ASM)
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-name/104816/az-aa12105asm
subject: AZ AA:12:96 (ASM)
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-name/83503/az-aa1296-asm
subject: AZ AA:12:999(ASM)
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-name/104817/az-aa12999asm
subject: AZ AA:12:980 (ASM)
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-name/104675/az-aa12980-asm
subject: Christopher Columbus Park
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-name/104872/christopher-columbus-park
subject: Resource Extraction / Production / Transportation Structure or Features
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-type/272/resource-extraction-production-transportation-structure-or-features
subject: Agricultural or Herding
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-type/273/agricultural-or-herding
subject: Canal or Canal Feature
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-type/275/canal-or-canal-feature
subject: Archaeological Feature
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-type/339/archaeological-feature
subject: Artifact Scatter
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-type/340/artifact-scatter
subject: Hearth
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-type/343/hearth
subject: Domestic Structure or Architectural Complex
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-type/251/domestic-structure-or-architectural-complex
subject: Midden
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-type/347/midden
subject: Inhumations
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-type/3388/inhumations
subject: Domestic Structures
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-type/256/domestic-structures
subject: Charcoal Lens
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-type/1409/charcoal-lens
subject: Pit
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-type/355/pit
subject: Roasting Pit / Oven / Horno
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-type/357/roasting-pit-oven-horno
subject: Storage Pit
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-type/358/storage-pit
subject: Pit House / Earth Lodge
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-type/263/pit-house-earth-lodge
subject: Pollen
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/13/pollen
subject: Shell
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/14/shell
subject: Wood
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/15/wood
subject: Ceramic
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/1/ceramic
subject: Chipped Stone
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/2/chipped-stone
subject: Fauna
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/4/fauna
subject: Charcoal
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/20/charcoal
subject: Fire Cracked Rock
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/5/fire-cracked-rock
subject: Ground Stone
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/7/ground-stone
subject: Human Remains
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/9/human-remains
subject: Macrobotanical
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/10/macrobotanical
subject: Mineral
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/12/mineral
subject: Macrobotanical Analysis
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/other-keyword/20303/macrobotanical-analysis
subject: Vertebrate Faunal Analysis
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/other-keyword/85747/vertebrate-faunal-analysis
subject: Human Remains Analysis
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/other-keyword/147778/human-remains-analysis
subject: Pollen Analysis
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/other-keyword/3351/pollen-analysis
subject: Archaeological Overview
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/investigation-type/1/archaeological-overview
subject: Historic Background Research
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/investigation-type/18/historic-background-research
subject: Data Recovery / Excavation
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/investigation-type/5/data-recovery-excavation
subject: Research Design / Data Recovery Plan
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/investigation-type/9/research-design-data-recovery-plan

description: In 2003, Desert Archaeology prepared a Phase 1 Data Recovery plan for the City of Tucson for the two prehistoric sites within Christopher Columbus Park (Swartz 2003). The park development project was subsequently transferred to Pima County, and the initial Master Plan was prepared. Implementation of Phase 1 Data Recovery was in late 2004, to address extensive recreational use of the previously undeveloped portions of the park. The purpose of Phase 1 Data Recovery (Project Director Ellen Ruble), was to determine the extent and distribution of subsurface cultural features at the two prehistoric sites and to obtain information about when the sites were occupied. The two historic sites within the project area were given site designations and investigated as part of the Phase 1 effort. The canal was evaluated and mapped in detail, and archival research was conducted on the homestead. Initial results were incorporated into the planning process, and options for avoiding impacts and preserving portions of the sites were explored. The Phase 1 results were presented in an interim report (Ruble 2005b), and are incorporated into Chapter 2 of this report. Based on Phase 1 results, no further investigations were recommended for the two Historic era sites. The canal has been thoroughly documented and researched, and substantial segments will be preserved within the park. The homestead will not be affected by planned park development. A Phase 2 Data Recovery research design and work plan were proposed for AA:12:96 and AA:12:105 (Ruble 2005b). Both Phase 1 and Phase 2 Data Recovery results are included here; however, they are addressed separately based on different goals and outcomes of the two phases. Phase 1 was intended to provide exploratory information about the expansion area as a whole, as well as to define the limits of cultural resources within the park. Results of Phase 1 at sites AA:12:96, Loci A, B, and C, and AA:12:105 indicated the presence of subsurface features dating to the Early Agricultural period. It also documented subsequent occupations in the Early Ceramic period and the Hohokam sequence. Initial geomorphological investigations identified ancient and more recent alluvial fan surfaces that place the occupations of the sites in a specific temporal and environmental context.