cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Relaxation dynamics in strained fiber bundles
Creators: name: Pradhan, Srutarshi
name: Hemmer, Per C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Under an applied external load the global load-sharing fiber bundle model, with individual fiber strength thresholds sampled randomly from a probability distribution, will relax to an equilibrium state, or to complete bundle breakdown. The relaxation can be viewed as taking place in a sequence of steps. In the first step all fibers weaker than the applied stress fail. As the total load is redistributed on the surviving fibers, a group of secondary fiber failures occur, etc. For a bundle with a finite number of fibers the process stops after a finite number of steps, $t$. By simulation and theoretical estimates, it is determined how $t$ depends upon the stress, the initial load per fiber, both for subcritical and supercritical stress. The two-sided critical divergence is characterized by an exponent -1/2, independent of the probability distribution of the fiber thresholds.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures
Empirically Characterizing the Buffer Behaviour of Real Devices
Creators: name: Sequeira, Luis
name: Fernandez-Navajas, Julian
name: Saldana, Jose
name: Casadesus, Luis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: All the routers include a buffer in order to enqueue packets waiting to be transmitted. The behaviour of the routers' buffer is of primary importance when studying network traffic, since it may modify some characteristics, as delay or jitter, and may also drop packets. As a consequence, the characterization of this buffer is interesting, especially when real-time flows are being transmitted: if the buffer characteristics are known, then different techniques can be used so as to adapt the traffic: multiplexing a number of small packets into a big one, fragmentation, etc. This work presents a preliminary study of how to determine the technical and functional characteristics of the buffer of a certain device (as e.g. behaviour, size, limits, input and output rate), or even in a remote Internet network node. Two different methodologies are considered, and tested on two real scenarios which have been implemented; real measurements permit the estimation of the buffer size, and the input and output rates, when there is physical or remote access to the "System Under Test". In case of having physical access, the maximum number of packets in the queue can be determined by counting. In contrast, if the node is remote, its buffer size has to be estimated. We have obtained accurate results in wired and wireless networks.
Quantization of symplectic dynamical r-matrices and the quantum composition formula
Creators: name: Alekseev, Anton
name: Calaque, Damien
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we quantize symplectic dynamical r-matrices over a possibly nonabelian base. The proof is based on the fact that the existence of a star-product with a nice property (called strong invariance) is sufficient for the existence of a quantization. We also classify such quantizations and prove a quantum analogue of the classical composition formula for coboundary dynamical r-matrices.
description: 15 pages, final version, appeared in CMP
Relativities and Homogeneous Spaces I -- Finite dimensional relativity representations
Creators: name: Saller, Heinrich
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Special relativity, the symmetry breakdown in the electroweak standard model, and the dichotomy of the spacetime related transformations with the Lorentz group, on the one side, and the chargelike transformations with the hypercharge and isospin group, on the other side, are discussed under the common concept of "relativity". A relativity is defined by classes $G/H$ of a "little" group in a "general" group of operations.Relativities are representable as linear transformations that are considered for five physically relevant examples.
description: 23 pages
On Riemannian almost product manifolds with nonintegrable structure
Creators: name: Mekerov, Dimitar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53C15, 53C50

description: The class of the Riemannian almost product manifolds with nonintegrable structure is considered. Some identities for curvature tensor as certain invariant tensors and quantities are obtained.
description: 12 pages
title: Standard and Non-Standard Log-Linear Models For 2 × 2 Contingency Tables
Creators: name: Hoque, G M Toufiqul
Publisher: name: University of Nevada, Las Vegas
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/0406gha72
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2024

description: Log-linear models can be used to model the joint relationship of two or more categorical variables in a multiway contingency table. In a log-linear model, the logarithm of the expected joint counts (or the logarithm of the joint probabilities) in a contingency table can be written as a linear model. Most log-linear models used in practice are standard. Standard log-linear models include the traditional parameter terms we see in ANOVA models: an overall effect, main effects, and various kinds of interaction terms. Standard log-linear models are divided into hierarchical and non-hierarchical. Hierarchical models satisfy the hierarchy principle: if a higher-order term is included in the log-linear model, then so are all the lower-order terms. Most of the standard log-linear models used in practice are hierarchical models. Nonhierarchical standard models appear rarely in the literature because they are difficult to interpret. In this thesis, we examine standard and non-standard log-linear models for 2 × 2 contingency tables. To show their application, we use a thromboembolism data set that first appeared in Vessey and Doll (1968) and was later analyzed by Worcester (1971) using a multiplicative model, which can be equivalently written as a non-standard log-linear model. Although the above data were collected in a one-to-two matching design, Worcester (1971) analyzed them using multinomial sampling where only the total was fixed. In this thesis, however, we also examine a product multinomial sampling design for these data, which is a more correct probability model for a matched design. We use the free statistical software R to estimate the above log-linear models. We compare the estimated log-linear models using the Pearson chi-square test, the G-square test, and the AIC, and we discuss the results.
In-flight calibration of the SWIFT XRT
Creators: name: Cusumano, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The calibration of the Swift XRT effective area has been performed by analyzing cosmic sources observed during the in-flight calibration phase and by using laboratory results and ray-tracing simulations as a starting point. This work describes performance of the recent release of ancillary response files (ARF v8).
description: 2 pages, 2 figures. Proceedings of "SWIFT and GRBs: Unveiling the Relativistic Universe" June 5-9, 2006 Venice (Italy)
Radiation-induced DNA single-strand break induction and repair in murine tissues measured by the comet assay
Creators: name: Zheng, Haihua
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: DNA damage produced in C3H/HeN murine tissues by ionizing radiation was characterized at the level of the individual cell with the goal of defining tissue dependent differences in DNA single-strand break (SSB) induction and repair. Subsequently, nicotinamide, was examined as a modifier of initial DNA damage and SSB rejoining following irradiation. The alkaline comet assay, a single-cell gel electrophoresis method, was used to examine cells from SCCVM tumours, spleen, bone marrow, liver, jejunum, testis, thymus and cerebellum. Cells from all tissues irradiated in vitro showed similar radiosensitivity. However, for in vivo irradiation, rapid SSB rejoining which occurs in cells during irradiation led to differences between tissues. Also, tumour and testis showed less damage in vivo than other normal tissues. Consistent with previous studies, these two tissues were found to contain radiobiologically hypoxic cells. Efficiency of SSB rejoining was cell type-dependent; cells from SCCVII tumors rejoined breaks about 5 times more rapidly than cells from cerebellum. Heterogeneity in speed of rejoining was minimal among cells of a tissue, and no significant damage remained 4 hours following 15 Gy. However, extensive DNA degradation was observed in all tissues except brain 48 hours after 15 Gy. DNA ladder patterns in agarose gels, typical of apoptosis, were observed 4 hours after 2-10 Gy in spleen and thymus. The vitamin B analogue, nicotinamide, was shown to improve testis and tumour oxygenation, in agreement with other studies. A new observation was that nicotinamide (500 mg/kg or more) given before irradiation inhibited SSB rejoining in cells of all tissues except brain. Furthermore, radiation-induced DNA degradation was found to be greatly accelerated by nicotinamide. Both effects are likely to involve poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibition. However, while nicotinamide significantly retarded radiation-induced SSB rejoining in tumors, the biological significance of this effect is questionable since nicotinamide did not enhance oxygen-independent killing of irradiated tumor cells.
Rheology of colloidal microphases in a model with competing interactions
Creators: name: Imperio, A.
name: Reatto, L.
name: Zapperi, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the rheological properties of colloidal microphases in two dimensions simulating a model of colloidal particles with competing interactions. Due to the competition between short-range attraction and long-range repulsion, as a function of the density the model exhibits a variety of microphases such as clusters, stripes or crystals with bubbles. We prepare the system in a confined microphase employing Monte-Carlo simulations and then quench the system at T=0. The resulting configurations are then sheared by applying a drag force profile. We integrate numerically the equation of motion for the particles and analyze the dynamics as a function of the density and the applied strain rate. We measure the stress-strain curves and characterize the yielding of the colloidal microphases. The results depend on the type of microphase: (i) clusters are easily sheared along layers and the relative motion is assisted by rotations. (ii) Stripes shear easily when they are parallel to the flow and tend to jam when are perpendicular to it. Under a sufficiently strong shear rate perpendicular stripes orient in the flow direction. (iii) Crystals with bubbles yield by fracturing along the bubbles and eventually forming stripes. We discuss the role of dislocations, emitted by the bubbles, in the yielding process.
description: Submitted to Phys. Rev. E. Animations of the shear of the microphases can be found at http://pil.phys.uniroma1.it/~zapperi/Supplementaryanimations.html
Photonic realization of the kappa-deformed Dirac equation
Creators: name: Majari, Parisa
name: Sadurni, Emerson
name: Setare, Mohammad Reza
name: Franco-Villafane, John Alexander
name: Seligman, Thomas H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show an implementation of a kappa-deformed Dirac equation in tight-binding arrays of photonic waveguides. This is done with a special configuration of couplings extending to second nearest neighbors. Geometric manipulations can control these evanescent couplings. A careful study of wave packet propagation is presented, including the effects of deformation parameters on Zitterbewegung or trembling motion. In this way, we demonstrate how to recreate the effects of a flat noncommutative spacetime -i.e., kappa-Minkowski spacetime -in simple experimental setups. We touch upon elastic realizations in the section of Conclusions.
Eclipsed X-ray flares in binary stars: geometrical constraints on the flare's location and size
Creators: name: Sanz-Forcada, J.
name: Favata, F.
name: Micela, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The observation of eclipses during X-rays flares taking place in active cool stars binaries allows us to calculate the position and size of the flares. This information cannot be derived by analyzing the decay of the flares, a frequently used approach in the literature that requires the assumption of a physical model. We make use of the eclipsing light curve to constrain the set of possible solutions, from the geometrical point of view, in two flares of Algol, and one flare in VW Cep. We make use of a technique developed with the system SV Cam (i~90 deg) and generalize it to binary systems with arbitrary inclination. The method simulates all possible geometrical situations that can produce the times of the four contacts of the eclipse. As an approximation we assume that the emitting region has a spherical shape that remains unchanged during the eclipse. We however show that this is a good approximation for the problem. The solutions observed indicate that in two of the three cases the flare cannot be polar (lat<55 deg) and in a third one the flare can be placed either near the pole or at other latitudes. The emitting regions must have a small size (0.002-0.5 R_*), but if interpreted as the apex of coronal loops, their length could actually be up to 3.1 R_* for one of the Algol flares. These measurements imply a lower limit to the electron density in the emitting region between log n_e(cm^-3) 10.4 and 14.0, and a magnetic field between 70 and 3500 G. Similar results are found if the emitting region is assumed to be loop-shaped.
description: 8 pages (17 in online version), 9 figures (18 in online version). Figure 12 is a set of animated GIF, available also at http://laeff.esa.es/users/jsanz/Papers/Eclipses/Videosweb . Accepted for publication in A&A
Excess Power, Energy and Intensity of Stochastic Fields in Quasi-Static and Dynamic Environments
Creators: name: Arnaut, Luk R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The excess power, energy and intensity of a random electromagnetic field above a high threshold level are characterized based on a Slepian--Kac model for upcrossings. For quasi-static fields, the probability distribution of the excess intensity in its regression approximation evolves from $χ^2_3$ to $χ^2_2$ when the threshold level increases. The excursion area associated with excess energy exhibits a chi-cubed ($χ^3_2$) distribution above asymptotically high thresholds, where excursions are parabolic. For dynamic fields, the dependence of the electrical and environmental modulations of the excess power on the hybrid modulation index and threshold level are established. The normalized effective power relative to the quasi-static power increases non-monotonically when this index increases. The mean and standard deviation of the dynamic excess power are obtained in closed form and validated by Monte Carlo simulation.
description: (10 pages, 11 figures, accepted for IEEE Trans. Electromagn. Compat., Dec. 2020)
BOSHLANG'ICH SINF O'QUVCHILARINING NUTQ MADANIYATINI  SHAKLLANTIRISH METODIKASI
Creators: name: Ochilova Fayyoza Mansurovna, Qashqadaryo viloyati Shahrisabz davlat pedagogika  instituti boshlang'ich ta'lim kafedrasi o'qituvchisi
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: the  main  task  of  primary  class  mother  tongue  classes  is  to prepare  students  for  educational  activities,  to  form  a  person  who  can  enter  into communication with others, to convey his opinion in a way that is understandable to others.
Direct observation of quasi-particle band in CeIrIn$_5$: Angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy study
Creators: name: Fujimori, Shin-ichi
name: Fujimori, Atsushi
name: Shimada, Kenya
name: Narimura, Takamasa
name: Kobayashi, Kenichi
name: Namatame, Hirofumi
name: Taniguchi, Masaki
name: Harima, Hisatomo
name: Shishido, Hiroaki
name: Ikeda, Shugo
name: Aoki, Dai
name: Tokiwa, Yoshifumi
name: Haga, Yoshinori
name: Yoshichika~Ōnuki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have performed a high-resolution angle resolved Ce 4$d-4f$ resonant photoemission experiment on the heavy fermion superconductor CeIrIn$_5$. We have observed a quasi-particle band which has an energy dispersion of $\sim 30$ meV in the Ce 4$f$ on-resonance spectra. The result suggests that although the 4$f$ spectra are dominated by the localized/correlated character, the small itinerant component is responsible for the superconductivity in this compound.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures
Quality of internal representation shapes learning performance in feedback neural networks
Creators: name: Susman, Lee
name: Mastrogiuseppe, Francesca
name: Brenner, Naama
name: Barak, Omri
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: A fundamental feature of complex biological systems is the ability to form feedback interactions with their environment. A prominent model for studying such interactions is reservoir computing, where learning acts on low-dimensional bottlenecks. Despite the simplicity of this learning scheme, the factors contributing to or hindering the success of training in reservoir networks are in general not well understood. In this work, we study non-linear feedback networks trained to generate a sinusoidal signal, and analyze how learning performance is shaped by the interplay between internal network dynamics and target properties. By performing exact mathematical analysis of linearized networks, we predict that learning performance is maximized when the target is characterized by an optimal, intermediate frequency which monotonically decreases with the strength of the internal reservoir connectivity. At the optimal frequency, the reservoir representation of the target signal is high-dimensional, de-synchronized, and thus maximally robust to noise. We show that our predictions successfully capture the qualitative behaviour of performance in non-linear networks. Moreover, we find that the relationship between internal representations and performance can be further exploited in trained non-linear networks to explain behaviours which do not have a linear counterpart. Our results indicate that a major determinant of learning success is the quality of the internal representation of the target, which in turn is shaped by an interplay between parameters controlling the internal network and those defining the task.
description: 37 pages, 11 figures; including appendices
Pile-up correction for the Swift-XRT observations in WT mode
Creators: name: Mineo, T.
name: Romano, P.
name: Mangano, V.
name: Moretti, A.
name: Cusumano, G.
name: La Parola, V.
name: Troja, E.
name: Campana, S.
name: Chincarini, G.
name: Tagliaferri, G.
name: Capalbi, M.
name: Perri, M.
name: Giommi, P.
name: Burrows, D.
name: ;
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The detector at the focal plane of the Swift X-ray Telescope (XRT) supports four readout modes, automatically changed on board, to cover the dynamical range of fluxes and rapid variability expected from GRB afterglows. The Windowed Timing (WT) mode is used for sources with flux higher than a few mCrab and is obtained by compressing 10 rows into a single row, and then reading out only the central 200 columns of the CCD. Point sources with a rate above ~300 c/s produce severe pile-up in the central region of the Point Spread Function. This paper presents three methods to correct the effects of the pile-up in WT mode. On ground calibration results and data from the very bright GRB 060124 are used to define and test these methods.
description: 2 pages, 3 figures. Proceedings of "SWIFT and GRBs: Unveiling the Relativistic Universe" June 5-9, 2006 Venice (Italy); revised version with new references
title: Screening of Orthodontic Patients and Age-Matched Non- Orthodontic Samples for High-Risk Oncogenic Human Papillomavirus (HPV) Strains
Creators: name: Hinton, Hunter
Publisher: name: University of Nevada, Las Vegas
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/0406gha72
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2024

description: Introduction: The human papillomavirus (HPV) is known to cause cancer in several tissues and organs, including the cervix and the oral cavity. Several oncogenic or high-risk strains have been identified, which include HPV16 and HPV18.However, other research has demonstrated that additional oncogenic, high-risk strains exist - including HPV31, HPV33, HPV35, HPV52 and HPV58, although much less is known about their prevalence. Based upon this lack of knowledge, the primary objective of this project is to address the prevalence of these strains among pediatric and adult patients through screening of saliva samples from the UNLV-SDM and orthodontic clinic populations.
         Methods: The protocol for this study was reviewed and approved by the UNLV Institutional Review Board (IRB #1619329-1) titled “Retrospective analysis of Oral Health Status of Dental Population”. Clinical samples from a saliva biorepository (N=253) were screened to provide age-matched pediatric and adult samples from the orthodontic and main patient clinics. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) screening of samples for high-risk HPV was performed using SYBR green master mix from Applied Biosciences and validated high-risk HPV primers.
         Results: A total of N = 86 samples from the saliva biorepository met the quality and concentration standards and were screened for high-risk HPV. qPCR screening of adult samples revealed n = 10/45 or 22% were HPV31- or HPV33-positive. In addition, a total of n = 9/41 or 21.9% of pediatric samples were either HPV31- or HPV33-positive (or both). No samples harbored HPV35. Most samples were derived from patients within the recommended vaccination or catch-up age range (age 9-45 years).
         Discussion and Conclusions: No previous studies from this institution have explored these high-risk HPV strains among this patient population. These results clearly demonstrate that a significant percentage of patients harbor additional high-risk HPV strains within the oral cavity, including HPV31 and HPV33. Although many studies promote the quadrivalent HPV vaccine (covering HPV6, 11, 16, and 18), these results suggest that oral healthcare providers may need to discuss the newer nine-valent vaccine, which includes HPV31 and HPV33. It might have a beneficial effect on this certain population to make a larger emphasis on this newer vaccine and the prevention potential to the general public.
Making Mobile Augmented Reality Applications Accessible
Creators: name: Herskovitz, Jaylin
name: Wu, Jason
name: White, Samuel
name: Pavel, Amy
name: Reyes, Gabriel
name: Guo, Anhong
name: Bigham, Jeffrey P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Augmented Reality (AR) technology creates new immersive experiences in entertainment, games, education, retail, and social media. AR content is often primarily visual and it is challenging to enable access to it non-visually due to the mix of virtual and real-world content. In this paper, we identify common constituent tasks in AR by analyzing existing mobile AR applications for iOS, and characterize the design space of tasks that require accessible alternatives. For each of the major task categories, we create prototype accessible alternatives that we evaluate in a study with 10 blind participants to explore their perceptions of accessible AR. Our study demonstrates that these prototypes make AR possible to use for blind users and reveals a number of insights to move forward. We believe our work sets forth not only exemplars for developers to create accessible AR applications, but also a roadmap for future research to make AR comprehensively accessible.
description: 14 pages. 6 figures. Published in The 22nd International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (ASSETS '20)
Expansion of a plasma cloud into the solar wind
Creators: name: Gargaté, L.
name: Fonseca, R. A.
name: Bingham, R.
name: Silva, L. O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Three-dimensional (3D) hybrid particle-in-cell (PIC) simulations, with kinetic ions and fluid electrons, of a plasma cloud expansion in the solar wind are presented, revealing the dynamics of the expansion, with shock formation, magnetic field compression, and the solar wind ions deflection around the plasma bubble. The similarities of this system with a magnetosphere are also pointed out.
Valley Kondo Effect in Silicon Quantum Dots
Creators: name: Shiau, Shiue-yuan
name: Chutia, Sucismita
name: Joynt, Robert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent progress in the fabrication of quantum dots using silicon opens the prospect of observing the Kondo effect associated with the valley degree of freedom. We compute the dot density of states using an Anderson model with infinite Coulomb interaction $U$, whose structure mimics the nonlinear conductance through a dot. The density of states is obtained as a function of temperature and applied magnetic field in the Kondo regime using an equation-of-motion approach. We show that there is a very complex peak structure near the Fermi energy, with several signatures that distinguish this spin-valley Kondo effect from the usual spin Kondo effect seen in GaAs dots. We also show that the valley index is generally not conserved when electrons tunnel into a silicon dot, though the extent of this non-conservation is expected to be sample-dependent. We identify features of the conductance that should enable experimenters to understand the interplay of Zeeman splitting and valley splitting, as well as the dependence of tunneling on the valley degree of freedom.
Disentangling the multi-phase circumgalactic medium shared between a dwarf and a massive star-forming galaxy at z~0.4
Creators: name: Nateghi, Hasti
name: Kacprzak, Glenn G.
name: Nielsen, Nikole M.
name: Muzahid, Sowgat
name: Churchill, Christopher W.
name: Pointon, Stephanie K.
name: Charlton, Jane C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The multi-phase circumgalactic medium (CGM) arises within the complex environment around a galaxy, or collection of galaxies, and possibly originates from a wide range of physical mechanisms. In this paper, we attempt to disentangle the origins of these multi-phase structures and present a detailed analysis of the quasar field Q0122-003 field using Keck/KCWI galaxy observations and HST/COS spectra probing the CGM. Our re-analysis of this field shows that there are two galaxies associated with the absorption. We have discovered a dwarf galaxy, G_27kpc ($M_{\star}=10^{8.7}$ M$_{\odot}$), at z=0.39863 that is 27 kpc from the quasar sightline. G_27kpc is only +21 km/s from a more massive ($M_{\star}=10^{10.5}$ M$_{\odot}$) star-forming galaxy, G_163kpc, at an impact parameter of 163 kpc. While G_163kpc is actively forming stars (SFR=6.9 M$_{\odot}$ yr$^{-1}$), G_27kpc has a low star-formation rate (SFR=$0.08\pm0.03$ M$_{\odot}$ yr$^{-1}$) and star formation surface density ($Σ_{SFR}=0.006$ M$_{\odot}$ kpc$^{-2}$ yr$^{-1}$), implying no active outflows. By comparing galaxy SFRs, kinematics, masses and distances from the quasar sightline to the absorption kinematics, column densities and metallicities, we have inferred the following: (1) Part of the low-ionization phase has a metallicity and kinematics consistent with being accreted onto G_27kpc. (2) The remainder of the low ionization phase has metallicities and kinematics consistent with being intragroup gas being transferred from G_27kpc to G_163kpc. (3) The high ionization phase is consistent with being produced solely by outflows originating from the massive halo of G_163kpc. Our results demonstrate the complex nature of the multi-phase CGM, especially around galaxy groups, and that detailed case-by-case studies are critical for disentangling its origins.
description: 13 pages, 4 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS 2020 November 10
title: Removal of Permethrin and Bifenthrin Insecticides from Runoff Water by Activated Carbon Adsorption
Creators: name: Hernandez, Ernesto
Publisher: name: University of Nevada, Las Vegas
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/0406gha72
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2024

description: Among the hundreds of pesticides and insecticides, pyrethroids-particularly permethrin and bifenthrin, have become very popular due to their high toxicity to insects and low toxicity to humans, leading to extensive use in both agriculture and urban areas. Pyrethroids have no discharge limits because of this, leading to a negative impact on surrounding ecosystems due to their high toxicity to fish and aquatic life. Due to their low solubility and long half-lives, they are prominent in the environment long after application with a high potential for getting transported in runoff water to nearby water bodies. In this study, DSR-C reactivated carbon from Calgon Carbon was tested as an adsorbent for permethrin and bifenthrin from deionized water. Pyrethroid samples were extracted from water by liquid-liquid extraction and analyzed using a UV-vis spectrophotometer. Isotherm data was best represented by the Langmuir model suggesting single-layer adsorption with an adsorption capacity of 149 mg/g for permethrin and 0.822 mg/g for bifenthrin. Permethrin adsorption was studied further in solutions containing 200 mg/L of sulfate and 10 mg/L of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium fertilizer nutrients to simulate realistic agricultural runoff conditions. Across all three water matrices used (DI water, 10 mg/L N-P-K, and 200 mg/L sulfate), kinetic data for permethrin adsorption was best represented by the pseudo-second order kinetic model with similar kinetic rates and equilibrium capacities. Isotherm data represented by the Langmuir model resulted in an average adsorption capacity of 155 ± 39 mg/g across three different water matrices. Adsorption with DSR-C is an effective treatment process for permethrin in agricultural runoff water.
Violator Spaces: Structure and Algorithms
Creators: name: Gärtner, Bernd
name: Matousek, Jirka
name: Rüst, Leo
name: Skovron, Petr
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Discrete Mathematics (cs.DM)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Sharir and Welzl introduced an abstract framework for optimization problems, called LP-type problems or also generalized linear programming problems, which proved useful in algorithm design. We define a new, and as we believe, simpler and more natural framework: violator spaces, which constitute a proper generalization of LP-type problems. We show that Clarkson's randomized algorithms for low-dimensional linear programming work in the context of violator spaces. For example, in this way we obtain the fastest known algorithm for the P-matrix generalized linear complementarity problem with a constant number of blocks. We also give two new characterizations of LP-type problems: they are equivalent to acyclic violator spaces, as well as to concrete LP-type problems (informally, the constraints in a concrete LP-type problem are subsets of a linearly ordered ground set, and the value of a set of constraints is the minimum of its intersection).
description: 28 pages, 5 figures, extended abstract was presented at ESA 2006; author spelling fixed
Mesoscopic photogrammetry with an unstabilized phone camera
Creators: name: Zhou, Kevin C.
name: Cooke, Colin
name: Park, Jaehee
name: Qian, Ruobing
name: Horstmeyer, Roarke
name: Izatt, Joseph A.
name: Farsiu, Sina
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: We present a feature-free photogrammetric technique that enables quantitative 3D mesoscopic (mm-scale height variation) imaging with tens-of-micron accuracy from sequences of images acquired by a smartphone at close range (several cm) under freehand motion without additional hardware. Our end-to-end, pixel-intensity-based approach jointly registers and stitches all the images by estimating a coaligned height map, which acts as a pixel-wise radial deformation field that orthorectifies each camera image to allow homographic registration. The height maps themselves are reparameterized as the output of an untrained encoder-decoder convolutional neural network (CNN) with the raw camera images as the input, which effectively removes many reconstruction artifacts. Our method also jointly estimates both the camera's dynamic 6D pose and its distortion using a nonparametric model, the latter of which is especially important in mesoscopic applications when using cameras not designed for imaging at short working distances, such as smartphone cameras. We also propose strategies for reducing computation time and memory, applicable to other multi-frame registration problems. Finally, we demonstrate our method using sequences of multi-megapixel images captured by an unstabilized smartphone on a variety of samples (e.g., painting brushstrokes, circuit board, seeds).
Homoclinic Signatures of Dynamical Localization
Creators: name: Chacon, Ricardo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is demonstrated that the oscillations in the width of the momentum distribution of atoms moving in a phase-modulated standing light field, as a function of the modulation amplitude, are correlated with the variation of the chaotic layer width in energy of an underlying effective pendulum. The maximum effect of dynamical localization and the nearly perfect delocalization are associated with the maxima and minima, respectively, of the chaotic layer width. It is also demonstrated that kinetic energy is conserved as an almost adiabatic invariant at the minima of the chaotic layer width, and that the system is accurately described by delta-kicked rotors at the zeros of the Bessel functions J_0 and J_1. Numerical calculations of kinetic energy and Lyapunov exponents confirm all the theoretical predictions.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures, enlarged version
A high-order / low-order (HOLO) algorithm for preserving conservation in time-dependent low-rank transport calculations
Creators: name: Peng, Zhuogang
name: McClarren, Ryan G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Dynamical low-rank (DLR) approximation methods have previously been developed for time-dependent radiation transport problems. One crucial drawback of DLR is that it does not conserve important quantities of the calculation, which limits the applicability of the method. Here we address this conservation issue by solving a low-order equation with closure terms computed via a high-order solution calculated with DLR. We observe that the high-order solution well approximates the closure term, and the low-order solution can be used to correct the conservation bias in the DLR evolution. We also apply the linear discontinuous Galerkin method for the spatial discretization to obtain the asymptotic limit. We then demonstrate with the numerical results that this so-called high-order / low-order (HOLO) algorithm is conservative without sacrificing computational efficiency and accuracy.
Electrical resistivity near Pomeranchuk instability in two dimensions
Creators: name: Dell'Anna, Luca
name: Metzner, Walter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the DC charge transport in the quantum critical regime near a d-wave Pomeranchuk instability in two dimensions. The transport decay rate is linear in temperature everywhere on the Fermi surface except at cold spots on the Brillouin zone diagonal. For pure systems, this leads to a DC resistivity proportional to T^{3/2} in the low-temperature limit. In the presence of impurities the residual impurity resistance at T=0 is approached linearly at low temperatures.
description: 9 pages, no figures
Imaging Spectroscopy of CME-Associated Solar Radio Bursts
Creators: name: Chhabra, Sherry
name: Gary, Dale E.
name: Hallinan, Gregg
name: Anderson, Marin M.
name: Chen, Bin
name: Greenhill, Lincoln J.
name: Price, Danny C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present first results of a solar radio event observed with the Owens Valley Radio Observatory Long Wavelength Array (OVRO-LWA) at metric wavelengths. We examine a complex event consisting of multiple radio sources/bursts associated with a fast coronal mass ejection (CME) and an M2.1 GOES soft X-ray flare from 2015 September 20. Images of 9--s cadence are used to analyze the event over a 120-minute period, and solar emission is observed out to a distance of $\approx3.5\,R_\odot$, with an instantaneous bandwidth covering 22~MHz within the frequency range of 40--70~MHz. We present our results from the investigation of the radio event, focusing particularly on one burst source that exhibits outward motion, which we classify as a moving type IV burst. We image the event at multiple frequencies and use the source centroids to obtain the velocity for the outward motion. Spatial and temporal comparison with observations of the CME in white light from the LASCO(C2) coronagraph, indicates an association of the outward motion with the core of the CME. By performing graduated-cylindrical-shell (GCS) reconstruction of the CME, we constrain the density in the volume. The electron plasma frequency obtained from the density estimates do not allow us to completely dismiss plasma emission as the underlying mechanism. However, based on source height and smoothness of the emission in frequency and time, we argue that gyrosynchrotron is the more plausible mechanism. We use gyrosynchrotron spectral fitting techniques to estimate the evolving physical conditions during the outward motion of this burst source.
description: 22 Pages, 10 figures, 1 table
A mid-infrared spectroscopic study of submillimeter galaxies: luminous starbursts at high redshift
Creators: name: Valiante, E.
name: Lutz, D.
name: Sturm, E.
name: Genzel, R.
name: Tacconi, L. J.
name: Lehnert, M. D.
name: Baker, A. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present rest frame mid-infrared spectroscopy of a sample of 13 submillimeter galaxies, obtained using the Infrared Spectrograph (IRS) on board the Spitzer Space Telescope. The sample includes exclusively bright objects from blank fields and cluster lens assisted surveys that have accurate interferometric positions. We find that the majority of spectra are well fitted by a starburst template or by the superposition of PAH emission features and a weak mid-infrared continuum, the latter a tracer of Active Galactic Nuclei (including Compton-thick ones). We obtain mid-infrared spectroscopic redshifts for all nine sources detected with IRS. For three of them the redshifts were previously unknown. The median value of the redshift distribution is z~2.8 if we assume that the four IRS non-detections are at high redshift. The median for the IRS detections alone is z~2.7. Placing the IRS non-detections at similar redshift would require rest frame mid-IR obscuration larger than is seen in local ULIRGs. The rest frame mid-infrared spectra and mid- to far-infrared spectral energy distributions are consistent with those of local ultraluminous infrared galaxies, but scaled-up further in luminosity. The mid-infrared spectra support the scenario that submillimeter galaxies are sites of extreme star formation, rather than X-ray-obscured AGN, and represent a critical phase in the formation of massive galaxies.
description: 31 pages, 4 figures. Accepted for publication in ApJ
Hamilton-Jacobi Approach for First Order Actions and Theories with Higher Derivatives
Creators: name: Bertin, M. C.
name: Pimentel, B. M.
name: Pompeia, P. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work we analyze systems described by Lagrangians with higher order derivatives in the context of the Hamilton-Jacobi formalism for first order actions. Two different approaches are studied here: the first one is analogous to the description of theories with higher derivatives in the hamiltonian formalism according to [Sov. Phys. Journ. 26 (1983) 730; the second treats the case where degenerate coordinate are present, in an analogy to reference [Nucl. Phys. B 630 (2002) 509]. Several examples are analyzed where a comparison between both approaches is made.
A crisis of political commitment: Zhou Zuoren on culture and national identity, 1918-1938
Creators: name: Guo, Gwen Neva Raymond
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: The essay-writer Zhou Zuoren was a part of the May Fourth intellectual movement in China. In his works, he tried to establish a new way of thinking about Chinese cultural identity that emphasized the relative nature of that identity vis-a-vis other cultures and cultural histories. He compared and contrasted foreign literatures and cultures with that of China in order to further this new way of thinking. Zhou also believed that the absorption of foreign influence would rejuvenate Chinese culture. His was a fundamentally cosmopolitan endeavor, but his observations about foreign cultures and literatures were overshadowed, or perhaps even dictated, by his deep concern with Chinese identity. When cultural rejuvenation did not seem to occur in China, Zhou attempted to distance himself and his career from responsibility for not having reached the intended goals, rather than give up the vision of identity that sustained his work. Likewise, when the forces of foreign imperialism threatened to disrupt cultural study as he had envisioned it, Zhou attempted to retreat from the world. As a cultural man, he was unwilling to make a political commitment in a time of crisis for China, but eventually he was forced into a commitment by others.
Coding Facial Expressions with Gabor Wavelets (IVC Special Issue)
Creators: name: Lyons, Michael J.
name: Kamachi, Miyuki
name: Gyoba, Jiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: I.0

description: We present a method for extracting information about facial expressions from digital images. The method codes facial expression images using a multi-orientation, multi-resolution set of Gabor filters that are topographically ordered and approximately aligned with the face. A similarity space derived from this code is compared with one derived from semantic ratings of the images by human observers. Interestingly the low-dimensional structure of the image-derived similarity space shares organizational features with the circumplex model of affect, suggesting a bridge between categorical and dimensional representations of facial expression. Our results also indicate that it would be possible to construct a facial expression classifier based on a topographically-linked multi-orientation, multi-resolution Gabor coding of the facial images at the input stage. The significant degree of psychological plausibility exhibited by the proposed code may also be useful in the design of human-computer interfaces.
description: 13 pages, 7 figures, 23 references
X-ray absorption spectroscopy on layered cobaltates Na_xCoO_2
Creators: name: Kroll, T.
name: Knupfer, M.
name: Geck, J.
name: Hess, C.
name: Schwieger, T.
name: Krabbes, G.
name: Sekar, C.
name: Batchelor, D. R.
name: Berger, H.
name: Buechner, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Measurements of polarization and temperature dependent soft x-ray absorption have been performed on Na_xCoO_2 single crystals with x=0.4 and x=0.6. They show a deviation of the local trigonal symmetry of the CoO_6 octahedra, which is temperature independent in a temperature range between 25 K and 372 K. This deviation was found to be different for Co^{3+} and Co^{4+} sites. With the help of a cluster calculation we are able to interpret the Co L_{23}-edge absorption spectrum and find a doping dependent energy splitting between the t_{2g} and the e_g levels (10Dq) in Na_xCoO_2.
description: 7 pages, 8 figures
Validating delta-filters for resonant bar detectors of improved bandwidth foreseeing the future coincidence with interferometers
Creators: name: D'Antonio, Sabrina
name: Pai, Archana
name: Astone, Pia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The classical delta filters used in the current resonant bar experiments for detecting GW bursts are viable when the bandwidth of resonant bars is few Hz. In that case, the incoming GW burst is likely to be viewed as an impulsive signal in a very narrow frequency window. After making improvements in the read-out with new transducers and high sensitivity dc-SQUID, the Explorer-Nautilus have improved the bandwidth ($\sim 20$ Hz) at the sensitivity level of $10^{-20}/\sqrt{Hz}$. Thus, it is necessary to reassess this assumption of delta-like signals while building filters in the resonant bars as the filtered output crucially depends on the shape of the waveform. This is presented with an example of GW signals -- stellar quasi-normal modes, by estimating the loss in SNR and the error in the timing, when the GW signal is filtered with the delta filter as compared to the optimal filter.
description: 7 pages, presented in Amaldi6, accepted for publication in Journal of Physics: Conference Series