cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Bose-Einstein Condensation of Europium
Creators: name: Miyazawa, Yuki
name: Inoue, Ryotaro
name: Matsui, Hiroki
name: Nomura, Gyohei
name: Kozuma, Mikio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the realization of a Bose-Einstein condensate of europium atoms, which is a strongly dipolar species with unique properties, a highly symmetric $[\mathrm{Xe}]\ 4f^7 6s^2\ {}^8\mathrm{S}_{7/2}$ electronic ground state and a hyperfine structure. By means of evaporative cooling in a crossed optical dipole trap, we produced a condensate of ${}^{151}$Eu containing up to $5\times 10^4$ atoms. The scattering length of ${}^{151}$Eu was estimated to be $a_s = 110(4)\, a_\mathrm{B}$ by comparing the velocities of expansion of condensates with different orientations of the atomic magnetic moments. We observed deformation of the condensate in the vicinity of the Feshbach resonance at $1.32\,\mathrm{G}$ with a width of $10\,\mathrm{mG}$.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
Fuhrmann, Manfred: Geschichte der römischen Literatur
Creators: name: Richter-Reichhelm, Joachim
Publisher: name: Forum Classicum
Year: 2017

description: Rezension zu: Fuhrmann, Manfred: Geschichte der römischen Literatur. Stuttgart: Reclam 1999. 405 S., 49,80 DM (ISBN 3-15-010446-7).
description: Forum Classicum, Nr. 2 (1999): Forum Classicum
Augmenting Density Matrix Renormalization Group with Disentanglers
Creators: name: Qian, Xiangjian
name: Qin, Mingpu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Density Matrix Renormalization Group (DMRG) and its extensions in the form of Matrix Product States (MPS) are arguably the choice for the study of one dimensional quantum systems in the last three decades. However, due to the limited entanglement encoded in the wave-function ansatz, to maintain the accuracy of DMRG with the increase of the system size in the study of two dimensional systems, exponentially increased resources are required, which limits the applicability of DMRG to only narrow systems. In this work, we introduce a new ansatz in which DMRG is augmented with disentanglers to encode area-law-like entanglement entropy (entanglement entropy supported in the new ansatz scales as $l$ for a $l \times l$ system). In the new method, the $O(D^3)$ low computational cost of DMRG is kept (with an overhead of $O(d^4)$ and $d$ the dimension of the physical degree of freedom). We perform benchmark calculations with this approach on the two dimensional transverse Ising and Heisenberg models. This new ansatz extends the power of DMRG in the study of two-dimensional quantum systems.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures, with supplementary materials, close to the published version
Laboratory spectroscopy of theoretical ices: Predictions for JWST and test for astrochemical models
Creators: name: Müller, B.
name: Giuliano, B. M.
name: Vasyunin, A.
name: Fedoseev, G.
name: Caselli, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Context. The gas and ice-grain chemistry of the pre-stellar core L1544 has been the subject of several observations and modelling studies conducted in the past years. The chemical composition of the ice mantles reflects the environmental physical changes along the temporal evolution. The investigation outcome hints at a layered structure of interstellar ices with mainly H$_2$O in the inner layers and an increasing amount of CO near the surface. The morphology of interstellar ice analogues can be investigated experimentally. Aims. This research presents a new approach of a three-dimensional fit where observational results are first fitted with a gas-grain chemical model. Then, based on the numerical results the laboratory IR spectra are recorded for interstellar ice analogues in a layered and in a mixed morphology. These results can then be compared with future James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) observations. Special attention is paid to the inclusion of the IR inactive species N$_2$ and O$_2$. Methods. Ice analogue spectra containing the most abundant predicted molecules were recorded at a temperature of 10 K using a Fourier transform infrared spectrometer. In the case of layered ice we deposited a H$_2$O-CO-N$_2$-O$_2$ mixture on top of a H2O-CH$_3$OH-N$_2$ ice, while in the case of mixed ice we examined a H$_2$O-CH$_3$OH-N$_2$-CO composition. Results. Following the changing composition and structure of the ice, we find differences in the absorption bands for most of the examined vibrational modes. The extent of observed changes in the IR band profiles will allow us to analyse the structure of ice mantles in L1544 from future observations by the JWST. Conclusions. The comparison of our spectroscopic measurements with upcoming JWST observations is crucial in order to put stringent constraints on the chemical and physical structure of dust icy mantles, and to explain surface chemistry.
description: Accepted for publication in A&A, 13 pages, 5 figures
Intermediate-mass Black Holes on the Run from Young Star Clusters
Creators: name: Prieto, Elena González
name: Kremer, Kyle
name: Fragione, Giacomo
name: Martinez, Miguel A. S.
name: Weatherford, Newlin C.
name: Zevin, Michael
name: Rasio, Frederic A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The existence of black holes (BHs) with masses in the range between stellar remnants and supermassive BHs has only recently become unambiguously established. GW190521, a gravitational wave signal detected by the LIGO/Virgo Collaboration, provides the first direct evidence for the existence of such intermediate-mass BHs (IMBHs). This event sparked and continues to fuel discussion on the possible formation channels for such massive BHs. As the detection revealed, IMBHs can form via binary mergers of BHs in the "upper mass gap" ($\approx40 -120\,M_{\odot}$). Alternatively, IMBHs may form via the collapse of a very massive star formed through stellar collisions and mergers in dense star clusters. In this study, we explore the formation of IMBHs with masses between $120$ and $500\,M_{\odot}$ in young, massive star clusters using state-of-the-art Cluster Monte Carlo ($\texttt{CMC}$) models. We examine the evolution of IMBHs throughout their dynamical lifetimes, ending with their ejection from the parent cluster due to gravitational radiation recoil from BH mergers, or dynamical recoil kicks from few-body scattering encounters. We find that $ \textit{all}$ of the IMBHs in our models are ejected from the host cluster within the first $\sim 500$ Myr, indicating a low retention probability of IMBHs in this mass range for globular clusters today. We estimate the peak IMBH merger rate to be $\mathcal{R} \approx 2 \, \rm{Gpc}^{-3}\,\rm{yr}^{-1}$ at redshift $z \approx 2$.
description: Accepted for ApJ. Comments welcome. 16 pages and 10 figures
The Evolution of the Stellar Mass Functions of Star-Forming and Quiescent Galaxies to z = 4 from the COSMOS/UltraVISTA Survey
Creators: name: Muzzin, Adam
name: Marchesini, Danilo
name: Stefanon, Mauro
name: Franx, Marijn
name: McCracken, Henry J.
name: Milvang-Jensen, Bo
name: Dunlop, James S.
name: Fynbo, J. P. U.
name: Brammer, Gabriel
name: Labbe, Ivo
name: van Dokkum, Pieter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present measurements of the stellar mass functions (SMFs) of star-forming and quiescent galaxies to z = 4 using a sample of 95 675 galaxies in the COSMOS/UltraVISTA field. Sources have been selected from the DR1 UltraVISTA K_{s}-band imaging which covers a unique combination of a wide area (1.62 deg^2), to a significant depth (K_{s,tot} = 23.4). The SMFs of the combined population are in good agreement with previous measurements and show that the stellar mass density of the universe was only 50%, 10% and 1% of its current value at z ~ 0.75, 2.0, and 3.5, respectively. The quiescent population drives most of the overall growth, with the stellar mass density of these galaxies increasing by 2.71^{+0.93}_{-0.22} dex since z = 3.5. At z > 2.5, star-forming galaxies dominate the total SMF at all stellar masses, although a nonzero population of quiescent galaxies persists to z = 4. Comparisons of the K_{s}-selected star-forming galaxy SMFs to UV-selected SMFs at 2.5 < z < 4 show reasonable agreement and suggests UV-selected samples are representative of the majority of the stellar mass density at z > 3.5. We estimate the average mass growth of individual galaxies by selecting galaxies at fixed cumulative number density. The average galaxy with Log(M_{*}/M_{sun}) = 11.5 at z = 0.3 has grown in mass by only 0.2 dex (0.3 dex) since z = 2.0(3.5), whereas those with Log(M_{*}/M_{sun}) = 10.5 have grown by > 1.0 dex since z = 2. At z < 2, the time derivatives of the mass growth are always larger for lower-mass galaxies, which demonstrates that the mass growth in galaxies since that redshift is mass-dependent and primarily bottom-up. Lastly, we examine potential sources of systematic uncertainties on the SMFs and find that those from photo-z templates, SPS modeling, and the definition of quiescent galaxies dominate the total error budget in the SMFs.
description: 18 pages paper, 12 pages appendix, 23 figures. Accepted for publication in the ApJ
title: O princípio do juiz natural : uma (re)interpretação actualista à luz de novas exigências de independência dos tribunais
Creators: name: Alves Meireis, Manuel Augusto
Publisher: name: Universidade Lusíada Editora
Year: 2020

description: Estudos em homenagem ao professor António Martins da Cruz / coord. José de Matos Correia, Ricardo Leite Pinto. - Lisboa : Universidade Lusíada, 2020. - P. 213-233.
Measurement-based classical computation
Creators: name: Hoban, Matty J.
name: Wallman, Joel J.
name: Anwar, Hussain
name: Usher, Naïri
name: Raussendorf, Robert
name: Browne, Dan E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Measurement-based quantum computation (MBQC) is a model of quantum computation, in which computation proceeds via adaptive single qubit measurements on a multi-qubit quantum state. It is computationally equivalent to the circuit model. Unlike the circuit model, however, its classical analog is little studied. Here we present a classical analog of MBQC whose computational complexity presents a rich structure. To do so, we identify uniform families of quantum computations (refining the circuits introduced by Bremner, Jozsa and Shepherd in Proc. R. Soc. A 467, 459 (2011)) whose output is likely hard to exactly simulate (sample) classically. We demonstrate that these circuit families can be efficiently implemented in the MBQC model without adaptive measurement, and thus can be achieved in a classical analog of MBQC whose resource state is a probability distribution which has been created quantum mechanically. Such states (by definition) violate no Bell inequality, but nevertheless exhibit non-classicality when used as a computational resource - an imprint of their quantum origin.
description: 5+3 pages, 2 figures. Latest version has a new title and has been rewritten to talk about other possible resource states. Accepted for publication in Physical Review Letters
Engineering a pure Dirac regime in ZrTe$_5$
Creators: name: Facio, Jorge I.
name: Nocerino, Elisabetta
name: Fulga, Ion Cosma
name: Wawrzynczak, Rafal
name: Brown, Joanna
name: Gu, Genda
name: Li, Qiang
name: Mansson, Martin
name: Sassa, Yasmine
name: Ivashko, Oleh
name: Zimmermann, Martin v.
name: Mende, Felix
name: Gooth, Johannes
name: Galeski, Stanislaw
name: Brink, Jeroen van den
name: Meng, Tobias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Real-world topological semimetals typically exhibit Dirac and Weyl nodes that coexist with trivial Fermi pockets. This tends to mask the physics of the relativistic quasiparticles. Using the example of ZrTe5, we show that strain provides a powerful tool for in-situ tuning of the band structure such that all trivial pockets are pushed far away from the Fermi energy, but only for a certain range of Van der Waals gaps. Our results naturally reconcile contradicting reports on the presence or absence of additional pockets in ZrTe$_5$, and provide a clear map of where to find a pure three-dimensional Dirac semimetallic phase in the structural parameter space of the material.
description: 17 pages
Spinor solutions of a Chern-Simons model for the superconformal algebra
Creators: name: Alvarez, Pedro D.
name: Ortiz, Juan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present analytical solutions for homogenous and isotropic spaces of the supersymmetric Chern-Simons model with matter in the adjoint representation. The configurations that we found correspond to a gravitating spinor content and torsion is also present. The spinor behaves like dark energy in the sense that drives an exponential expansion. The solution found can be seen as an anisotropic fluid.
description: 19 pages, 3 figures, comments are welcome
A Measurement of Atomic X-ray Yields in Exotic Atoms and Implications for an Antideuteron-Based Dark Matter Search
Creators: name: Aramaki, T.
name: Chan, S. K.
name: Craig, W. W.
name: Fabris, L.
name: Gahbauer, F.
name: Hailey, C. J.
name: Koglin, J. E.
name: Madden, N.
name: Mori, K.
name: Yu, H. T.
name: Ziock, K. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The General AntiParticle Spectrometer (GAPS) is a novel approach for the indirect dark matter search that exploits cosmic antideuterons. GAPS utilizes a distinctive detection method using atomic X-rays and charged particles from the exotic atom as well as the timing, stopping range and dE/dX energy deposit of the incoming particle, which provides excellent antideuteron identification. In anticipation of a future balloon experiment, an accelerator test was conducted in 2004 and 2005 at KEK, Japan, in order to prove the concept and to precisely measure the X-ray yields of antiprotonic exotic atoms formed with different target materials [1]. The X-ray yields of the exotic atoms with Al and S targets were obtained as ~ 75%, which are higher than were previously assumed in [2]. A simple, but comprehensive cascade model has been developed not only to evaluate the measurement results but also to predict the X-ray yields of the exotic atoms formed with any materials in the GAPS instrument. The cascade model is extendable to any kind of exotic atom (any negatively charged cascading particles with any target materials), and it was compared and validated with other experimental data and cascade models for muonic and antiprotonic exotic atoms. The X-ray yields of the antideuteronic exotic atoms are predicted with a simple cascade model and the sensitivity for the GAPS antideuteron search was estimated for the proposed long duration balloon program [3], which suggests that GAPS has a strong potential to detect antideuterons as a dark matter signature. A GAPS prototype flight (pGAPS) was launched successfully from the JAXA/ISAS balloon facility in Hokkaido, Japan in summer 2012 [4, 5] and a proposed GAPS science flight is to fly from Antarctica in the austral summer of 2017-2018.
description: 17 pages, 25 figures, accepted in "Astroparticle Physics"
Semi-inclusive Lepton Flavor Universality ratio in $b\to s\ell^+\ell^-$ transitions
Creators: name: Ardu, Marco
name: Isidori, Gino
name: Pesut, Marko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct a semi-inclusive Lepton Flavour Universality (LFU) ratio, $R_Σ$, to test $μ/e$ universality in $b\to s\ell^+\ell^-$ transitions at $e^+e^-$ $B$-meson factories. Combining different decay channels, this observable maximises the sensitivity to possible LFU violations of short distance origin, yet preserving a clean theoretical interpretation in case of a deviation from its Standard Model prediction, $R_Σ^{\rm SM}=1$.
description: 5 pages, 1 figure
Measurement of jet $p_{\mathrm{T}}$ spectra in Pb-Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}}=2.76~\mathrm{TeV}$ with the ALICE detector at the LHC
Creators: name: Aiola, Salvatore
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Reconstruction of jets in high-energy heavy-ion collisions is challenging due to the large and fluctuating background coming from the underlying event. We report results on full jet reconstruction, obtained from data collected in 2011 by the ALICE detector at LHC for Pb-Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}}=2.76~\mathrm{TeV}$. The analysis makes use of the tracking system and the electromagnetic calorimeter. Signal jets, which come from hard scattered partons, are reconstructed using the anti-$k_{\mathrm{T}}$ jet finder algorithm. The average background is subtracted on a jet-by-jet basis to reduce the contribution to the jet reconstructed energy coming from the underlying event. The jet spectrum is corrected to account for fluctuations in the background momentum density and detector effects through unfolding.
description: 4 Pages, Hot Quarks 2012 Proceedings
Manfred Krzok: EISODOS/ΕIΣLOΔOΣ, Grundkenntnisse zur grammatischen Orientierung. Eine Einführung und Einübung in die altgriechische Grammatik
Creators: name: Erdt, Werner
Publisher: name: Forum Classicum
Year: 2017

description: Rezension zu: Manfred Krzok: EISODOS/ΕIΣLOΔOΣ, Grundkenntnisse zur grammatischen Orientierung. Eine Einführung und Einübung in die altgriechische Grammatik, Tübingen, 1. Auflage 1998, verbessert 1999 (Selbstverlag), 54 und 38 Seiten. ISBN 3-00-003530-3.
description: Forum Classicum, Nr. 4 (1999): Forum Classicum
Cosmic time evolution and propagator from a Yang-Mills matrix model
Creators: name: Karczmarek, Joanna L.
name: Steinacker, Harold C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a solution of a IKKT-type matrix model which can be considered as a 1+1-dimensional space-time with Minkowski signature and a Big Bounce-like singularity. A suitable $i\varepsilon$ regularization of the Lorentzian matrix integral is proposed, which leads to the standard $i\varepsilon$-prescription for the effective field theory. In particular, the Feynman propagator is recovered locally for late times. This demonstrates that a causal structure and time evolution can emerge in the matrix model, even on non-trivial geometries. We also consider the propagation of modes through the Big Bounce, and observe an interesting correlation between the post-BB and pre-BB sheets, which reflects the structure of the brane in target space.
description: 26 apages, 1 figure. V2: pre-and post-BB correlation fixed, references added. V3: improved presentation, published version
Can primordial parity violation explain the observed cosmic birefringence?
Creators: name: Fujita, Tomohiro
name: Minami, Yuto
name: Shiraishi, Maresuke
name: Yokoyama, Shuichiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently, the cross-correlation between $E$- and $B$-mode polarization of the cosmic microwave background (CMB), which is well explained by cosmic birefringence with rotation angle $β\approx 0.3$ deg, has been found in CMB polarization data. We carefully investigate the possibility of explaining the observed $EB$ correlation by the primordial chiral gravitational waves (CGWs), which can be generated in the parity-violating theories in the primordial Universe. We found that the CGWs scenario does not work due to the overproduction of the $BB$ auto-correlation which far exceeds the observed one by SPTPol and POLARBEAR.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures
Nonsteady dynamics at the dynamic depinning transition in the two-dimensional Gaussian random-field Ising model
Creators: name: Qian, Xiaohui
name: Yu, Gaotian
name: Zhou, Nengji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: With large-scale Monte Carlo simulations, we investigate the nonsteady relaxation at the dynamic depinning transition in the two-dimensional Gaussian random-field Ising model. The dynamic scaling behavior is carefully analyzed, and the transition fields as well as static and dynamic exponents are accurately determined based on the short-time dynamic scaling form. Different from the usual assumption, two distinguished growth processes of spatial correlation lengths for the velocity and height of the domain wall are found. Thus, the universality class of the depinning transition is established, which significantly differs from that of the quenched disorder equation but agrees with that of the recent experiment as well as other simulations works. Under the influence of the mesoscopic time regime, the crossover from the second-order phase transition to the first-order one is confirmed in the weak-disorder regime, yielding an abnormal disorder-dependent nature of the criticality.
description: 10 pages, 12 figures
Transport signatures of Van Hove singularities in mesoscopic twisted bilayer graphene
Creators: name: Ciepielewski, Aleksander Sanjuan
name: Tworzydło, Jakub
name: Hyart, Timo
name: Lau, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Magic-angle twisted bilayer graphene exhibits quasi-flat low-energy bands with Van Hove singularities close to the Fermi level. These singularities play an important role in the exotic phenomena observed in this material, such as superconductivity and magnetism, by amplifying electronic correlation effects. In this work, we study the correspondence of four-terminal conductance and the Fermi surface topology as a function of the twist angle, pressure, and energy in mesoscopic, ballistic samples of small-angle twisted bilayer graphene. We establish a correspondence between features in the wide-junction conductance and the presence of van Hove singularities in the density of states. Moreover, we identify additional transport features, such as a large, pressure-tunable minimal conductance, conductance peaks coinciding with non-singular band crossings, and unusually large conductance oscillations as a function of the system size. Our results suggest that twisted bilayer graphene close the magic angle is a unique system featuring simultaneously large conductance due to the quasi-flat bands, strong quantum nonlinearity due to the Van Hove singularities and high sensitivity to external parameters, which could be utilized in high-frequency device applications and sensitive detectors.
description: 9 pages + one page Appendix, contains link to data repository
An Enhanced Gradient Based Optimized Controller for Load Frequency Control of a Two Area Automatic Generation Control System
Creators: name: Orka, Nabil Anan
name: Muhaimin, Sheikh Samit
name: Shahi, Md. Nazmush Shakib
name: Ahmed, Ashik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: This work proposes the adoption of Enhanced Gradient-Based Optimizer (EGBO) as a new approach to the Load Frequency Control (LFC) problem in a two-area interconnected power system. The importance of determining the optimal parameters for the controllers for the LFC problem cannot be overstated, and the fact that estimating these parameters require complex and nonlinear computations makes the optimization procedure even more unique and challenging. Consequently, application of an efficient optimization algorithm to successfully attain optimal controller parameters is critical. To accomplish this task, the proposed EGBO algorithm is compared to the fundamental Gradient-Based Optimizer (GBO), Chimp Optimization Algorithm (ChOA), Sine Cosine Algorithm (SCA), Grey Wolf Optimization (GWO), and Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) for optimizing an Integral-Time-multiplied-Absolute-Error (ITAE) based objective function. The relevant findings show that the EGBO algorithm is competitively superior in terms of resilience, precision, and latency when compared to other optimization methods. Lastly, the statistical comparison further strengthens the outcome of the study.
description: To be published in Engineering Applications of Modern Metaheuristics under Studies in Computational Intelligence series
Reward and adversity processing circuits, their competition and interactions with dopamine and serotonin signaling
Creators: name: Vadovičová, Karin
name: Gasparotti, Roberto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: We propose that dACC, AI and caudolateral OFC(clOFC) project to lateral habenula (LHb) and D2 loop of ventral striatum (VS), forming a functional adversity processing circuit, directed towards inhibitory avoidance and self-control. This circuit learns what is bad or harmful to us and predicts risks, to stop us from going/moving for bad or suboptimal choices that decrease our well-being and survival chances. Proposed dACC role is to generate a WARNING signal when things are going (or might end) bad or wrong to prevent negative consequences: pain, harm, loss or failure. The AI signals about bad low aversive qualities, which make us sick or cause discomfort. These cortical inputs activate directly and indirectly (via D2 loop of VS) the LHb, which inhibits dopamine and serotonin release (and is reciprocally inhibited by VTA, DRN) to avoid choosing and doing things leading to harm or loss, but also to make us feel worse, down when overstimulated. We propose that dopamine attenuates the output of the adversity processing circuit, thus decreasing inhibitory avoidance and self-control, while serotonin attenuates dACC, AI, clOFC, D1 loop of VS, LHb, amygdala and pain pathway. Thus, by reciprocal inhibition, by causing dopamine and serotonin suppression - and by being suppressed by them, the adversity processing circuit competes with reward processing circuit for control of choice behaviour and affective states. We propose stimulating effect of dopamine and calming inhibitory effect of serotonin on the active avoidance circuit involving amygdala, linked to threat processing, anger, fear, self-defense and violences. We describe causes and roles of dopamine and serotonin signaling, and mental dysfunctions. We add new idea on vACC role in signaling that we are doing well and in inducing serotonin, when we gain/reach safety, comfort, valuable resources, social/biological rewards, affection or goals.
description: Reference [27] was updated to: Vadovi\v{c}ov\'a K: Affective and cognitive prefrontal cortex projections to the lateral habenula in humans. arXiv:1402.2196, re-published in Front Hum Neurosci 2014, 8:819. doi: 10.3389/fnhum.2014.00819 Few English errors were corrected and the Abbreviations chapter was deleted
Localized growth drives spongy mesophyll morphogenesis
Creators: name: Treado, John D.
name: Roddy, Adam B.
name: Théroux-Rancourt, Guillaume
name: Zhang, Liyong
name: Ambrose, Chris
name: Brodersen, Craig
name: Shattuck, Mark D.
name: O'Hern, Corey S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Cell Behavior (q-bio.CB)
subject: Tissues and Organs (q-bio.TO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: The spongy mesophyll is a complex, porous tissue found in plant leaves that enables carbon capture and provides mechanical stability. Unlike many other biological tissues, which remain confluent throughout development, the spongy mesophyll must develop from an initially confluent tissue into a tortuous network of cells with a large proportion of intercellular airspace. How the airspace in the spongy mesophyll develops while the cells remain mechanically stable remains unknown. Here, we used computer simulations of deformable particles to develop a purely mechanical model for the development of the spongy mesophyll tissue. By stipulating that (1) cell perimeter grows only near voids, (2) cells both form and break adhesive bonds, and (3) the tissue pressure remains constant, the computational model was able to recapitulate the developmental trajectory of the microstructure of the spongy mesophyll observed in Arabidopsis thaliana leaves. Robust generation of pore space in the spongy mesophyll requires a balance of cell growth, adhesion, stiffness and tissue pressure to ensure cell networks remain both porous yet mechanically robust. The success of this mechanical model of tissue growth and porosity evolution suggests that simple physical principles can coordinate and drive the development of complex plant tissues like the spongy mesophyll.
description: 28 pages, 6 figures, 1 table, 9 pages of supplementary information
Caelestis Eichenseer: Collectanea usui linguae Latinae dicata
Creators: name: Fritsch, Andreas
Publisher: name: Forum Classicum
Year: 2017

description: Rezension zu: Caelestis Eichenseer: Collectanea usui linguae Latinae dicata. Bibliotheca Latina. Tomus III. Saarbrücken: Verlag der Societas Latina 1999 (Universität FR 6.3, D-66041 Saarbrücken). 520 S. (ISBN3-923587-27-9).
description: Forum Classicum, Nr. 4 (1999): Forum Classicum
Oscillatory translational instabilities of localized spot patterns in the Schnakenberg reaction-diffusion system on general 2-D domains
Creators: name: Tzou, Justin. C.
name: Xie, Shuangquan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: For a bounded 2-D planar domain $Ω$, we investigate the impact of domain geometry on oscillatory translational instabilities of $N$-spot equilibrium solutions for a singularly perturbed Schnakenberg reaction-diffusion system with $\mO(\eps^2) \ll \mO(1)$ activator-inhibitor diffusivity ratio. An $N$-spot equilibrium is characterized by an activator concentration that is exponentially small everywhere in $Ω$ except in $N$ well-separated localized regions of $\mO(\eps)$ extent. We use the method of matched asymptotic analysis to analyze Hopf bifurcation thresholds above which the equilibrium becomes unstable to translational perturbations, which result in $\mO(\eps^2)$-frequency oscillations in the locations of the spots. We find that stability to these perturbations is governed by a nonlinear matrix-eigenvalue problem, the eigenvector of which is a $2N$-vector that characterizes the possible modes (directions) of oscillation. The $2N\times 2N$ matrix contains terms associated with a certain Green's function on $Ω$, which encodes geometric effects. For the special case of a perturbed disk with radius in polar coordinates $r = 1 + σf(θ)$ with \red{$0< \varepsilon \ll σ\ll 1$}, $θ\in [0,2π)$, and $f(θ)$ $2π$-periodic, we show that only the mode-$2$ coefficients of the Fourier series of $f$ impact the bifurcation threshold at leading order in $σ$. We further show that when $f(θ) = \cos2θ$, the dominant mode of oscillation is in the direction parallel to the longer axis of the perturbed disk. Numerical investigations on the full Schnakenberg PDE are performed for various domains $Ω$ and $N$-spot equilibria to confirm asymptotic results and also to demonstrate how domain geometry impacts thresholds and dominant oscillation modes.
title: Revisitando o acordo anglo-germânico de 1898 sobre a partilha de colónias portuguesas
Creators: name: Lima da Silva Motta, Carlos Cesar
Publisher: name: Universidade Lusíada Editora
Year: 2020

description: Estudos em homenagem ao professor António Martins da Cruz / coord. José de Matos Correia, Ricardo Leite Pinto. - Lisboa : Universidade Lusíada, 2020. - P. 235-254.
Lexikon der antiken christlichen Literatur, hrsg. v Siegmar Döpp und Wilhelm Geerlings
Creators: name: Werner, Jürgen
Publisher: name: Forum Classicum
Year: 2017

description: Rezension zu: Lexikon der antiken christlichen Literatur, hrsg. v Siegmar Döpp und Wilhelm Geerlings. 2. Aufl. Freiburg - Basel - Wien: Herder 1999. 562 S. (ISBN 3-451-23786-5).
description: Forum Classicum, Nr. 4 (1999): Forum Classicum
Additional file 1 of Psychometric properties of the Hungarian childhood trauma questionnaire short form and its validity in patients with adult attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder or borderline personality disorder
Creators: name: Kenézlői, Eszter
name: Csernela, Eszter
name: Nemoda, Zsófia
name: Lakatos, Krisztina
name: Czéh, Boldizsár
name: Unoka, Zsolt Szabolcs
name: Simon, Mária
name: Réthelyi, János M.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: Mental Health

description: Supplementary Material 1
Kalb-Ramond field localization on the Bloch brane
Creators: name: Cruz, W. T.
name: Maluf, R. V.
name: Almeida, C. A. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This work deals with new results on the Kalb-Ramond (KR) field localization in braneworld models. We consider a five-dimensional warped spacetime with an embedded 4D thick brane which is generated by two real scalar fields coupled with gravity (the so called Bloch brane). We find a KR field zero mode localized with the inclusion of the dilaton coupling. Analyzing the massive spectrum, we detected a series of resonant modes that arise from the solutions of the Schrödinger-like equation for KR field. The effects of the brane thickness and of the dilaton coupling over the resonance structures are determined. Such analysis is extended to the resonance lifetimes of the massive modes, allowing a better understanding on the localization mechanism of the model.
description: 18 pages, 6 figures
The role of the turbulence driving mode for the Initial Mass Function
Creators: name: Mathew, Sajay Sunny
name: Federrath, Christoph
name: Seta, Amit
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Turbulence is a critical ingredient for star formation, yet its role for the initial mass function (IMF) is not fully understood. Here we perform magnetohydrodynamical (MHD) simulations of star cluster formation including gravity, turbulence, magnetic fields, stellar heating and outflow feedback to study the influence of the mode of turbulence driving on IMF. We find that simulations that employ purely compressive turbulence driving (COMP) produce a higher fraction of low-mass stars as compared to simulations that use purely solenoidal driving (SOL). The characteristic (median) mass of the sink particle (protostellar) distribution for COMP is shifted to lower masses by a factor of ~ 1.5 compared to SOL. Our simulation IMFs capture the important features of the observed IMF form. We find that turbulence-regulated theories of the IMF match our simulation IMFs reasonably well in the high-mass and low-mass range, but underestimate the number of very low-mass stars, which form towards the later stages of our simulations and stop accreting due to dynamical interactions. Our simulations show that for both COMP and SOL, the multiplicity fraction is an increasing function of the primary mass, although the multiplicity fraction in COMP is higher than that of SOL for any primary mass range. We find that binary mass ratio distribution is independent of the turbulence driving mode. The average specific angular momentum of the sink particles in SOL is a factor of 2 higher than that for COMP. Overall, we conclude that the turbulence driving mode plays a significant role in shaping the IMF.
description: 26 pages, 16 figures, 4 tables, accepted for publication in MNRAS, minor changes, part of methodology is same as in Mathew & Federrath 2021. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2106.06521
Structure constants of short operators in planar $\mathcal{N}=4$ SYM theory
Creators: name: Basso, Benjamin
name: Georgoudis, Alessandro
name: Sueiro, Arthur Klemenchuk
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an integrability-based conjecture for the three-point functions of single-trace operators in planar $\mathcal{N}=4$ super-Yang-Mills theory at finite coupling, in the case where two operators are protected. Our proposal is based on the hexagon representation for structure constants of long operators, which we complete to incorporate operators of any length using data from the TBA/QSC formalism. We perform various tests of our conjecture, at weak and strong coupling, finding agreement with the gauge theory through 5 loops for the shortest three-point function and with string theory in the classical limit.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures, 1 appendix
Sufficient sparseness conditions for G^2 to be (Δ+1)-choosable, when Δ\ge5
Creators: name: Cranston, Daniel W.
name: Škrekovski, Riste
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We determine the list chromatic number of the square of a graph $\chil(G^2)$ in terms of its maximum degree $Δ$ when its maximum average degree, denoted $\mad(G)$, is sufficiently small. For $Δ\ge 6$, if $\mad(G)<2+\frac{4Δ-8}{5Δ+2}$, then $\chil(G^2)=Δ+1$. In particular, if $G$ is planar with girth $g\ge 7+\frac{12}{Δ-2}$, then $\chil(G^2)=Δ+1$. Under the same conditions, $\chil^i(G)=Δ$, where $\chil^i$ is the list injective chromatic number.
description: 16 pages, 6 figures; incorporated reviewer feedback
Electroweak precision tests of composite Higgs models
Creators: name: Frandsen, Mads T.
name: Rosenlyst, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study constraints on Composite Higgs models with fermion partial compositeness from electroweak precision measurements, including the 2022 $W$-boson mass result from the CDF collaboration. We focus on models where the Composite Higgs sector arises from underlying four-dimensional strongly interacting gauge theories with fermions, and where the SM fermions obtain their mass via linear mixing terms between the fermions and the composite sector -- the so-called fermion partial compositeness scenario. In general, the Composite Higgs sector leads to a small and positive $S$ parameter, and a negative $T$ parameter, but the fermion partial compositeness sector results in an overall positive $T$ parameter in a large part of parameter space. We, therefore, find good agreement between the full composite models and the current electroweak precision measurement bounds on $S$ and $T$ from LEP and CDF, including the offset and correlation of $S,T$ with respect to the SM predictions.
description: 21 pages, 4 figures, 1 table
Wetzel, Gabriele: Die 13. Tat des Herkules
Creators: name: Steinke, Hannes
Publisher: name: Forum Classicum
Year: 2017

description: Rezension zu: Wetzel, Gabriele: Die 13. Tat des Herkules. Bamberg: Buchners 1999, 32 S. (Studio, Heft 8).
description: Forum Classicum, Nr. 4 (1999): Forum Classicum
Preparations for Quantum Simulations of Quantum Chromodynamics in 1+1 Dimensions: (I) Axial Gauge
Creators: name: Farrell, Roland C.
name: Chernyshev, Ivan A.
name: Powell, Sarah J. M.
name: Zemlevskiy, Nikita A.
name: Illa, Marc
name: Savage, Martin J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Tools necessary for quantum simulations of $1+1$ dimensional quantum chromodynamics are developed. When formulated in axial gauge and with two flavors of quarks, this system requires 12 qubits per spatial site with the gauge fields included via non-local interactions. Classical computations and D-Wave's quantum annealer Advantage are used to determine the hadronic spectrum, enabling a decomposition of the masses and a study of quark entanglement. Color edge states confined within a screening length of the end of the lattice are found. IBM's 7-qubit quantum computers, ibmq_jakarta and ibm_perth, are used to compute dynamics from the trivial vacuum in one-flavor QCD with one spatial site. More generally, the Hamiltonian and quantum circuits for time evolution of $1+1$ dimensional $SU(N_c)$ gauge theory with $N_f$ flavors of quarks are developed, and the resource requirements for large-scale quantum simulations are estimated.
description: 53 pages, 29 figures. Typo fixed in v3
5G-ROUTES: D6.4 Project Website and Social Media Presence
Creators: name: Skoufis, Christos
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description: This deliverable is part of WP6 ‘Dissemination, Communication and scale-up’, and supports the work under Task T6.1 “Dissemination and communication activities” with the creation, development and constant update of all web-based communication means, including the project’s website and social media channels. The current document provides a detailed description and analysis of the project’s website and social media accounts, considered as the online Project’ presence. Regarding the social media, 5G-ROUTES will use Twitter, LinkedIn, YouTube, as a two-way access between the project partners, the technical and the public audience. The consortium will regularly publish announcements and initiate discussions from month M06. Access to the social media accountsis also provided through this document. LinkedIn, Twitter and YouTube accounts have already been setup. The content of the website and the social media accounts will be continuously updated with dissemination materials (i.e. meetings, publications, results, etc.) until the completion of the Project.
Dynamical cluster masses from photometric surveys
Creators: name: Contigiani, Omar
name: Hoekstra, Henk
name: Brouwer, Margot M.
name: Dvornik, Andrej
name: Fortuna, Maria Cristina
name: Sifón, Cristóbal
name: Yan, Ziang
name: Vakili, Mohammadjavad
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The masses of galaxy clusters can be measured using data obtained exclusively from wide photometric surveys in one of two ways: directly from the amplitude of the weak lensing signal or, indirectly, through the use of scaling relations calibrated using binned lensing measurements. In this paper, we build on a recently proposed idea and implement an alternative method based on the radial profile of the satellite distribution. This technique relies on splashback, a feature associated with the apocenter of recently accreted galaxies that offers a clear window into the phase-space structure of clusters without the use of velocity information. We carry out this dynamical measurement using the stacked satellite distribution around a sample of luminous red galaxies in the fourth data release of the Kilo-Degree Survey and validate our results using abundance-matching and lensing masses. To illustrate the power of this measurement, we combine dynamical and lensing mass estimates to robustly constrain scalar-tensor theories of gravity at cluster scales. Our results exclude departures from General Relativity of order unity. We conclude the paper by discussing the implications for future data sets. Because splashback mass measurements scale only with the survey volume, stage-IV photometric surveys are well-positioned to use splashback to provide high-redshift cluster masses.
Entanglement Amplification in the Non-Perturbative Dynamics of Modular Quantum Systems
Creators: name: Bayat, Abolfazl
name: Giampaolo, Salvatore M.
name: Illuminati, Fabrizio
name: Plenio, Martin B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the conditions for entanglement amplification between distant and not directly interacting quantum objects by their common coupling to media with static modular structure and subject to a local (single-bond) quenched dynamics. We show that in the non-perturbative regime of the dynamics the initial end-to-end entanglement is strongly amplified and, moreover, can be distributed efficiently between distant objects. Due to its intrinsic local and non-perturbative nature the dynamics is fast and robust against thermal fluctuations, and its control is undemanding. We show that the origin of entanglement amplification lies in the interference of the ground state and at most one of the low-lying energy eigenstates. The scheme can be generalized to provide a fast and efficient router for generating entanglement between simultaneous multiple users.
description: 6 pages, 6 figures
Outcome Of Two Prophylactic Treatment Choices For Patent Ductus Arteriosus In A Neonatal Intensive Care Unit
Creators: name: Attar, Mohammad
name: Vasileff, Allison
name: Schumacher, Robert
name: Wojtecki, Janice
name: Bhatt-Mehta, Varsha
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2015
Subjects: Ibuprofen
Indomethacin
Intestinal perforation
Patent ductus arteriosus
Prophylaxis

description: Prophylactic treatment of patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) in premature infants with indomethacin (INDO) or ibuprofen (IBU) has been shown to be effective in decreasing rescue medical and surgical treatment rates. However, routine use of prophylactic treatment remains controversial due to potential for adverse effects from the pharmacologic treatment. We compared the outcome and adverse effects of three different PDA treatment practices used sequentially in a level 3C neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). We conducted a retrospective case control study on infants born at less than 28 weeks gestational age between January 2005 and September 2009. We compared PDA prophylactic treatment with INDO (n=20) and IBU (n=60) to a control group of no prophylactic treatment (n=59). There was a statistically significant decrease in the frequency of PDA rescue treatment associated with both methods of PDA prophylaxis (p <0.0001, control 63%, INDO 20%, IBU 17 %). The rate of PDA ligation decreased significantly only in the comparison of IBU to control (p=0.04) (control 27%, INDO 30%, IBU 12%). The frequency of any intestinal perforation was significantly higher only in the INDO group (p=0.03) compared to the control group, (control 8%, INDO 30%, IBU 15%).Results illustrate how a choice of a prophylactic pharmacologic agent for PDA can alter outcomes (in this case the incidence of perforation) in an individual NICU.
title: O contrato de hospedagem no Direito Romano : breve referência ao Direito Português e a outros direitos contemporâneos
Creators: name: Santos Justo, António
Publisher: name: Universidade Lusíada Editora
Year: 2020

description: Estudos em homenagem ao professor António Martins da Cruz / coord. José de Matos Correia, Ricardo Leite Pinto. - Lisboa : Universidade Lusíada, 2020. - P. 173-212.