cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Filellum undetermined
Creators: name: Gil, Marta
name: Ramil, Fran
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Cnidaria
Hydrozoa
Leptothecata
Lafoeidae
Filellum
Filellum undetermined

description: Filellum sp.
Fig. 2F; Table 1
Material examined
SOUTH ATLANTIC OCEAN • 2 colonies (1 growing on an antipatharian, 1 on Sertularella patagonica), no coppinia; Vema Seamount, stn PT4; 31°39′43″–31°38′10″ S, 8°22′37″–8°23′42″ E; 50–108 m depth; 31 Jan. 2015; SEAFO-2015 leg.; SEAFO-2015-40003, SEAFO-2015-40033 • 4 colonies (3 growing on Campanularia hincksii, 1 on a bryozoan), no coppinia; Vema Seamount, stn Dive 3; 71–935 m depth; 31 Jan. 2015; SEAFO-2015 leg.; SEAFO-2015-40132, SEAFO-2015-40257, SEAFO-2015-40921 • 1 colony, growing on Amphisbetia distans, no coppinia; Vema Seamount, stn Dive 4; 91–95 m depth; 1 Feb. 2015; SEAFO-2015 leg.; SEAFO-2015-40661.
Description
Stolonal colonies arising from a filiform hydrorhiza creeping on other hydroids and a bryozoan. Hydrorhizal stolons give rise to small, tubular hydrothecae adnate for ca half their length; adnate part parallel to hydrorhiza, upper, free part provided with numerous and very faint striations on abcaulinar side, and bent upwards from hydrorhiza at an angle between 45° and 90°, although only occasionally perpendicular to the adnate part; aperture circular, rim even, only slightly everted; renovations have not been observed. Cnidome: two size classes of nematocysts, with small (10–12.5× 5–7.5 µm) and large (15–17.5 × 7.5–10 µm).
Coppinia absent.
Remarks
The shape of the hydrothecae in the colonies studied herein resembles those of Filellum serratum (Clarke, 1879), Filellum antarcticum (Hartlaub, 1904) and Filellum magnificum Peña Cantero, Svoboda & Vervoort, 2004, due to the presence of numerous transversal striations of the adnate part. Nevertheless, the measurements of both hydrothecae and nematocysts do not match with those of the species mentioned above. In our material, the hydrothecae are smaller and the nematocysts larger than those of F. serratum, F. antarticum and F. magnificum. Based on these differences, we considered this material to be a different species, but the absence of coppinia prevents us from establishing a more accurate identification.
description: Published as part of Gil, Marta & Ramil, Fran, 2021, Hydroids (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa) from the Vema and Valdivia seamounts (SE Atlantic), pp. 49-96 in European Journal of Taxonomy 758 on page 56, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2021.758.1425, http://zenodo.org/record/5088125
Non-metallic inclusions in electroslag refined ingots
Creators: name: Reyes-Carmona, Fidel
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: The objective of this research was to investigate how non-metallic inclusions (inclusions) are physically and chemically transformed, removed and controlled from electrodes to the final ESR-product. Several 1020, 4340 and rotor (Ni-Mo-V) steel electrodes were refined by two ESR-units (7.5 mm and 200 mm in mould diameter) under different slag systems. Refining of these electrodes was done under different deoxidation practices, namely pure Al, CaSi, CaSiAlBa and AISi alloys. Through this research it was found that inclusions in the electrode are physically and chemically transformed in the electrode tip by the thermal gradients. Inclusions are chemically altered by the presence of liquid slag at the liquid film and they are entirely dissolved in the matrix when the droplet is completely formed. No ingot inclusions were identifiable as of electrode origin and it is concluded that all electrode inclusions are either dissolved or removed by the slag. The effects of the slag with and without deoxidizers on the chemical composition of the liquid pool and ingot were traced during refining and hence the chemistry of inclusions was determined by extracting slag and liquid metal samples during refining. The total oxygen content was measured by the vacuum fusion technique, chemical analyses of slag by spectrophotometric techniques, electron microanalysis by SEM and EPMA and x-ray (crystallographic) analysis. The assays were used to formulate and corroborate the deoxidation and precipitation mechanisms. The chemical composition of inclusions in refined ingots are more strongly influenced by the deoxidation practice than by the electrode or the slag composition in low Si0₂ content slags. The precipitation of complex Al-Ca-Si inclusions is predictable in high silica slags (>10.0 wt%) and the most appropriate slag system to perform an efficient deoxidation is the 50 wt% CaF2, 30 wt% Al₂0₃ and 20 wt% CaO. [Figure 1] The deoxidation in ESR ingots takes place by the process of cooperative reactions between slag and deoxidizers in the following sequences: [Figure 2] An excessive deoxidation with Ca raises the Al content in the ingot according to: [Figure 3] Radial inclusion size distribution as well as dendrite arm spacings in samples extracted from liquid pool and ingots were determined. It was found that the inclusion size obeys the normal distribution and there is a normal variation of the inclusion size along radial distances. Hence the inclusion composition and size is a function of local solidification conditions and also of the local thermochemical conditions.
Non-local and local temporal cavity soliton interaction in delay models of mode-locked lasers
Creators: name: Vladimirov, Andrei G.
Publisher: name: Weierstrass Institute
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mode-locking
subject: nonlinear mirror
subject: delay differential equation model
subject: cavity solitons
subject: 78A60
subject: 37N20
subject: 78M35
subject: 42.65.-k
subject: 42.65.Re
subject: 42.60.Fc
subject: 42.65.Sf
subject: 42.65.Tg

description: Interaction equations governing slow time evolution of the coordinates and phases of two interacting temporal cavity solitons in a delay differential equation model of a nonlinear mirror mode-locked laser are derived and analyzed. It is shown that non-local pulse interaction due to gain depletion and recovery can lead either to a development of harmonic mode-locking regime, or to a formation of closely packed incoherent soliton bound state with weakly oscillating intersoliton time separation. Local interaction via electric field tails can result in an anti-phase or in-phase stationary or breathing harmonic mode-locking regime.
Stochastic Backgrounds of Gravitational Waves from Cosmological Sources: Techniques and Applications to Preheating
Creators: name: Price, Larry R.
name: Siemens, Xavier
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Several mechanisms exist for generating a stochastic background of gravitational waves in the period following inflation. These mechanisms are generally classical in nature, with the gravitational waves being produced from inhomogeneities in the fields that populate the early universe and not quantum fluctuations. The resulting stochastic background could be accessible to next generation gravitational wave detectors. We develop a framework for computing such a background analytically and computationally. As an application of our framework, we consider the stochastic background of gravitational waves generated in a simple model of preheating.
description: Replaced with published version: Phys. Rev. D 78, 063541 (2008)
Spatial aspects of spin polarization of structurally split surface states in thin films with magnetic exchange and spin-orbit interaction
Creators: name: Nechaev, I. A.
name: Krasovskii, E. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A theoretical study is presented of the effect of an in-plane magnetic exchange field on the band structure of centrosymmetric films of noble metals and topological insulators. Based on an ab initio relativistic $\mathbf{k}\cdot\mathbf{p}$ theory, a minimal effective model is developed that describes two coupled copies of a Rashba or Dirac electronic system residing at the opposite surfaces of the film. The coupling leads to a structural gap at $\barΓ$ and causes an exotic redistribution of the spin density in the film when the exchange field is introduced. We apply the model to a nineteen-layer Au(111) film and to a five-quintuple-layer Sb$_2$Te$_3$ film. We demonstrate that at each film surface the exchange field induces spectrum distortions similar to those known for Rashba or Dirac surface states with an important difference due to the coupling: At some energies, one branch of the state loses its counterpart with the oppositely directed group velocity. This suggests that a large-angle electron scattering between the film surfaces through the interior of the film is dominant or even the only possible for such energies. The spin-density redistribution accompanying the loss of the counterpart favors this scattering channel.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures
Strukturuntersuchungen an PEEK-Silica-Kompositen für Implantatanwendungen
Creators: name: Frankenberger, Thomas
Publisher: name: Universität Rostock
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 530 Physics

description: Polyetheretherketon (PEEK) ersetzt als Implantatmaterial bereits in verschiedenen medizinischen Anwendungen metallische Werkstoffe. Trotz seiner hervorragenden Biokompatibilität, fördert es jedoch keinen direkten Verbund mit Knochen. Um diese Eigenschaft langfristig zu verbessern, wurde eine Kompositschicht zwischen einem hochporösen Knochenersatzmaterial und PEEK hergestellt. In diesem Zusammenhang wurden Glasübergang und Kristallisation des Polymers in den Nanoporen eines Modellsystems aus SiO2-PEEK-Kompositen und die biologische Leistungsfähigkeit eines Modellimplantats untersucht.
A model comparison of resonance lifetime modifications, a soft equation of state and non-Gaussian effects on $π-π$ correlations at FAIR/AGS energies
Creators: name: Li, Qingfeng
name: Bleicher, Marcus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: HBT correlations of $π^--π^-$ pairs at FAIR/AGS energies are investigated by using the UrQMD transport model and the CRAB analyzing program. Three different possible sources (treatment of resonance lifetimes, a soft equation of state and non-Gaussian effects) to understand the HBT $R_O/R_S$ puzzle are investigated. Firstly, we find that different treatments of the resonance decay time can not resolve the HBT time-related puzzle, however it can modify the HBT radii at low transverse momenta to some extent to explain the data slightly. Secondly, with a soft equation of state with momentum dependence, the measured transverse momentum dependent HBT radii and $R_O/R_S$ ratio can be described fairly well. Thirdly, non-Gaussian effects are visible in the calculated correlation function. Using the Edgeworth expansion, one finds that the non-Gaussian effect is strongest in the longitudinal direction and weakest in the sideward direction.
description: 18 pages, 6 figures. To be published in J.Phys. G
Mathematical modelling of the unbending of continuously cast steel slabs
Creators: name: Uehara, Masatsugu
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: A two-dimensional, elasto-plastic, finite-element model has been developed to calculate the bending and bulging deformation of a partially solidified continuously cast steel slab during straightening on a curved-mould casting machine. A preliminary, three-dimensional elastic analysis revealed that a two-dimensional plane-stress model is sufficient for the calculations. The effects of solid-shell motion have been considered in part by shifting the roll points in two steps. The model was checked by comparing predictions of internal cracks with plant data. From the results of calculations of a one-point bending bow-type caster (10.5 m radius) for casting speeds of 1.0, 1.2 and 1.6 m/min, it has been verified that internal cracks appear at the solidification front in the upper shell due to straightening of the strand at the higher casting speeds. The critical strain for internal cracks was taken to be 0.25-0.3% at a strain rate of 1x10⁻⁴ s⁻¹ for low-carbon steels. It has been found that the upper and lower shells deform separately around their individual neutral axes, which are shifted to within 15 mm of the respective solidification fronts by the roll-friction force. Therefore the bending strain, ε[sub u],in the low-ductility region close to the solidification front can be very small, lower by about 0.3% than the value predicted by one neutral-axis theory. However, as a result of the interaction with the bulging strain, ε[sub B], the resultant total strain, ε[sub T], becomes large enough to cause internal cracks(radial streaks) close to the solidification front of the upper shell. The correlation among these variables is as follows; ε[sub T] = (2-5) ε[sub B] + ε[sub u]. Thus, the bulging strain affects the total strain significantly; and to prevent internal cracks it is important to suppress the bulging by having low surface temperatures and small roll pitches during straightening. By comparing machine radii of 8 m, 10.5 m and 13 m for a one-point bending bow-type caster, it has been verified that the small machine radius of 8.0 m is unfavorable because at normal casting speeds the tensile strain at the solidification front exceeds the critical value for crack formation.
Bound magnetic polarons in the very dilute regime
Creators: name: Kusrayev, Yu. G.
name: Kavokin, K. V.
name: Astakhov, G. V.
name: Ossau, W.
name: Molenkamp, L. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study bound magnetic polarons (BMP) in a very diluted magnetic semiconductor CdMnTe by means of site selective spectroscopy. In zero magnetic field we detect a broad and asymmetric band with a characteristic spectral width of about 5 meV. When external magnetic fields are applied a new line appears in the emission spectrum. Remarkably, the spectral width of this line is reduced greatly down to 0.24 meV. We attribute such unusual behavior to the formation of BMP, effected by sizable fluctuations of local magnetic moments. The modifications of the optical spectra have been simulated by the Monte-Carlo method and calculated within an approach considering the nearest Mn ion. A quantitative agreement with the experiment is achieved without use of fitting parameters. It is demonstrated that the low-energy part of the emission spectra originates from the energetic relaxation of a complex consisting of a hole and its nearest Mn ion. It is also shown that the contribution to the narrow line arises from the remote Mn ions.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures
title: Avant-propos
title: L’art ou la condition historique du cinéma
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Vancheri, Luc
Publisher: name: Classiques Garnier
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Art
subject: Cinéma
subject: Esthétique
subject: Histoire
subject: Morale
subject: Art
subject: Cinéma
subject: Esthetic
subject: History
subject: Ethic

description: Les années 1920 ont non seulement réussi à introduire le cinéma dans le champ de l’art et, incidemment, à redéfinir l’idée même de l’art, elles sont en outre parvenues à faire de celui-ci la condition de son devenir historique. Ce numéro de la revue Écrans s’est intéressé aux rôles qu’y ont joué la peinture, la musique, le biopic, le documentaire, les musées, la littérature, l’opéra et le cinéma d’auteur, choisis comme autant d’opérateurs de sa nouvelle condition artistique.
description: The 1920s not only succeeded in introducing cinema into the field of art and, in redefining the very idea of art, they also succeeded in making it the condition for its historical evolution. This issue of the Journal Écrans focuses on the roles played by painting, music, biopics, documentary, museums, literature, opera and auteur cinema, chosen as agents of its new artistic condition.
Nonreciprocal magnon excitations by the Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction on the basis of bond magnetic toroidal multipoles
Creators: name: Matsumoto, Takuya
name: Hayami, Satoru
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The microscopic conditions for the emergence of nonreciprocal magnon excitations in noncentrosymmetric magnets are theoretically investigated. We show that asymmetric magnon excitations appear when a bond magnetic toroidal dipole becomes active, which is defined as a parallel component between the Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya vector and the averaged spin moments at the ends of the bonds. Depending on magnetic structures accompanying the bond magnetic toroidal dipoles, the higher-rank magnetic toroidal multipoles can also be activated in a magnetic cluster, which describes various angle dependences of asymmetric magnon excitations. We demonstrate a variety of asymmetric magnon excitations for two magnetic systems in the noncentrosymmetric lattice structures; a one-dimensional breathing chain under a uniform crystalline electric field and a three-dimensional layered breathing kagome structure. We show that a bottom shift of magnon bands occurs by the magnetic toroidal dipole and a valley splitting occurs by the magnetic toroidal octupole under magnetic orderings.
description: 16 pages, 10 figures
Search for Supernova Neutrino Bursts at Super-Kamiokande
Creators: name: Kamiokande Collaboration
name: Ikeda, M.
name: Takeda, A.
name: Fukuda, Y.
name: Vagins, M. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The result of a search for neutrino bursts from supernova explosions using the Super-Kamiokande detector is reported. Super-Kamiokande is sensitive to core-collapse supernova explosions via observation of their neutrino emissions. The expected number of events comprising such a burst is ~10^4 and the average energy of the neutrinos is in few tens of MeV range in the case of a core-collapse supernova explosion at the typical distance in our galaxy (10 kiloparsecs); this large signal means that the detection efficiency anywhere within our galaxy and well past the Magellanic Clouds is 100%. We examined a data set which was taken from May, 1996 to July, 2001 and from December, 2002 to October, 2005 corresponding to 2589.2 live days. However, there is no evidence of such a supernova explosion during the data-taking period. The 90% C.L. upper limit on the rate of core-collapse supernova explosions out to distances of 100 kiloparsecs is found to be 0.32 SN/year.
description: 7 pages, 6 figures
Ricochets on Asteroids II: Sensitivity of laboratory experiments of low velocity grazing impacts on substrate grain size
Creators: name: Wright, Esteban
name: Quillen, Alice C.
name: Sanchez, Paul
name: Schwartz, Stephen R.
name: Nakajima, Miki
name: Askari, Hesam
name: Miklavcic, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compare low velocity impacts that ricochet with the same impact velocity and impact angle into granular media with similar bulk density, porosity and friction coefficient but different mean grain size. The ratio of projectile diameter to mean grain length ranges from 4 in our coarsest medium to 50 in our finest sand. Using high speed video and fluorescent markers, we measure the ratio of pre- to post-impact horizontal and vertical velocity components, which we refer to as coefficients of restitution, and the angle of deflection caused by the impact in the horizontal plane. Coefficients of restitution are sensitive to mean grain size with the ratio associated with the horizontal velocity component about twice as large for our coarsest gravel as that for our finest sand. This implies that coefficients for hydro-static-like, drag-like and lift-like forces, used in empirical force laws, are sensitive to mean grain size. The coefficient that is most strongly sensitive to grain size is the lift coefficient which decreases by a factor of 3 between our coarsest and finest media. The deflection angles are largest in the coarser media and their size approximately depends on grain size to the 3/2 power. This scaling is matched with a model where momentum transfer takes place via collisions with individual grains. The dependence of impact mechanics on substrate size distribution should be considered in future models for populations of objects that impact granular asteroid surfaces.
description: Link to the high speed videos for the 4 experiments tracked and discussed: https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PLYnpHw29go3pCWwm554fwR6jNFvB5qVQn Submitted to the journal Icarus on September 12, 2021
An Imprint of Super-Structures on the Microwave Background due to the Integrated Sachs-Wolfe Effect
Creators: name: Granett, Benjamin R.
name: Neyrinck, Mark C.
name: Szapudi, István
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We measure hot and cold spots on the microwave background associated with supercluster and supervoid structures identified in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey Luminous Red Galaxy catalog. The structures give a compelling visual imprint, with a mean temperature deviation of 9.6 +/- 2.2 microK, i.e. above 4 sigma. We interpret this as a detection of the late-time Integrated Sachs-Wolfe (ISW) effect, in which cosmic acceleration from dark energy causes gravitational potentials to decay, heating or cooling photons passing through density crests or troughs. In a flat universe, the linear ISW effect is a direct signal of dark energy.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures, accepted to ApJ Letters. Minor changes to match accepted version
Research project (Data and tools)
Creators: name: Mucyo, Kevin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 150799 Transportation and Freight Services not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This document contains; survey materials and data responses for the research project titled "An Inquiry into the Mismatch Between Policy, Regulation and the Needs of the Informal transport sector, The Kigali Transport Master Plan 2050 and the needs of Taxi - Motorcycles Operators
$η(1295)\to3π$ decays
Creators: name: Achasov, N. N.
name: Shestakov, G. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The radially excited pseudoscalar state $η(1295)$ is still poorly understood [as well as its $SU(3)$ partners $π(1300)$ and $K(1460 )$] and we want to attract attention experimenters to its comprehensive study. As for the main three-body decay $η(1295)\to ηππ$, here the main interest is the measurements of the shapes of the $ηπ$ and $ππ$ mass spectra in which the contributions from the $a_0(980)$ resonance and the large $ππ$ $S$ wave ($σ$) should manifest themselves. To describe these mass spectra, we propose to use a simple isobar model with a single fitting parameter characterizing the relative intensity of the $a_0 (980)$ and $σ$ state production. Our main goal is to discuss the dynamics of the isospin-breaking decays $η(1295)\toπ^+ π^-π^0$ and $η(1295)\to3π^0$, whose experimental studies could continue the impressive story of isospin violations in the decays of light isoscalar mesons $ω\to2π$, $η\to3 π$, $η'\to3π$, $η(1405)\to3π$, and $f_1(1285)\to3π$. We estimate the widths of the isospin-breaking decays $η(1295)\to 3π$ produced via the mixing of the $π^0-η$ and $a^0_0(980) -f_0(980)$ states and also due to the $π^0(1300)-η(1295)$ mixing. Processes that have the potential for detecting $η(1295) \to3π$ decays are discussed.
description: 9 pages, 6 figures; v2: published version; abstract, introduction, and summary extended; two corrections inserted; references added
HISTORICAL ANALYSIS OF MEDICAL EDUCATION, CURRENT CURRICULUM REVIEW AND THE NEED FOR IMPLEMENTATION IN NIGERIA
Creators: name: Adetayo Olorunlana
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 111709 Health Care Administration
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Abstract Nigeria suffers a disproportionate share of the world burden of disease with a significant healthcare workforce shortage. Historically, becoming a physician is more like a roadside mechanic. However, today, medicine had become standardised. From the Yaba Medical School established in 1930; to University College Hospital, Ibadan established as a College branch of the University of London in 1948. The newer medical schools adopted the curriculum of the older schools with little modification. Each medical school has developed standard and curricula similar to the first medical faculty at Ibadan. All medical schools operate pre-medical, pre-clinical and clinical curricula. It is assumed that the subsequent introduction of changes and modification in the curriculum of medical education worldwide did not seem to affect Nigerian medical schools until a resent time when a review of medical school curriculum in the University of Ibadan was undertaken to fit the global standard. This was referred to as the development of a competency-based curriculum. Implementation is ongoing and may still pose a challenge for other medical schools in Nigeria. However, it is anticipated that implementation will militate against medical tourism and capital flight if government and health financier give adequate support to financing tertiary education.
Comments on Orientifolds without Vector Structure
Creators: name: Bachas, Constantin
name: Bianchi, Massimo
name: Blumenhagen, Ralph
name: Lust, Dieter
name: Weigand, Timo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We revisit type I compactifications with a Spin(32)/Z2 gauge bundle that admits no vector structure. We elucidate the relation of this Z2 obstruction to discrete B-field flux and to 't Hooft flux and clarify some subtleties in the T-duality transformation to type IIA intersecting D-brane models. We reexamine the earliest 3-generation GUT model on magnetized D-branes and show its consistency when a discrete B-flux is switched on. We further generalize partially known results for toroidal models to type I compactifications without vector structure and their mirror dual type IIA orientifolds on genuine Calabi-Yau manifolds. We illustrate this by working out the example of the quintic in some detail.
description: 34 pages, 3 figures, 1 table
Spline-based Transformers
Creators: name: Chandran, Prashanth
name: Serifi, Agon
name: Gross, Markus
name: Bächer, Moritz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We introduce Spline-based Transformers, a novel class of Transformer models that eliminate the need for positional encoding. Inspired by workflows using splines in computer animation, our Spline-based Transformers embed an input sequence of elements as a smooth trajectory in latent space. Overcoming drawbacks of positional encoding such as sequence length extrapolation, Spline-based Transformers also provide a novel way for users to interact with transformer latent spaces by directly manipulating the latent control points to create new latent trajectories and sequences. We demonstrate the superior performance of our approach in comparison to conventional positional encoding on a variety of datasets, ranging from synthetic 2D to large-scale real-world datasets of images, 3D shapes, and animations.
Search for "Invisible" Axion Dark Matter in the $3.3\text{-}4.2~μ$eV Mass Range
Creators: name: ADMX Collaboration
name: Bartram, C.
name: Braine, T.
name: Burns, E.
name: Cervantes, R.
name: Crisosto, N.
name: Du, N.
name: Korandla, H.
name: Leum, G.
name: Mohapatra, P.
name: Nitta, T.
name: Rosenberg, L. J
name: Rybka, G.
name: Yang, J.
name: Clarke, John
name: Siddiqi, I.
name: Agrawal, A.
name: Dixit, A. V.
name: Awida, M. H.
name: Chou, A. S.
name: Hollister, M.
name: Knirck, S.
name: Sonnenschein, A.
name: Wester, W.
name: Gleason, J. R.
name: Hipp, A. T.
name: Jois, S.
name: Sikivie, P.
name: Sullivan, N. S.
name: Tanner, D. B.
name: Lentz, E.
name: Khatiwada, R.
name: Carosi, G.
name: Robertson, N.
name: Woollett, N.
name: Duffy, L. D.
name: Boutan, C.
name: Jones, M.
name: LaRoque, B. H.
name: Oblath, N. S.
name: Taubman, M. S.
name: Daw, E. J.
name: Perry, M. G.
name: Buckley, J. H.
name: Gaikwad, C.
name: Hoffman, J.
name: Murch, K. W.
name: Goryachev, M.
name: McAllister, B. T.
name: Quiskamp, A.
name: Thomson, C.
name: Tobar, M. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the results from a haloscope search for axion dark matter in the $3.3\text{-}4.2~μ$eV mass range. This search excludes the axion-photon coupling predicted by one of the benchmark models of "invisible" axion dark matter, the KSVZ model. This sensitivity is achieved using a large-volume cavity, a superconducting magnet, an ultra low noise Josephson parametric amplifier, and sub-Kelvin temperatures. The validity of our detection procedure is ensured by injecting and detecting blind synthetic axion signals.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures
Reconstructing the Kinematics of Deep Inelastic Scattering with Deep Learning
Creators: name: Arratia, Miguel
name: Britzger, Daniel
name: Long, Owen
name: Nachman, Benjamin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce a method to reconstruct the kinematics of neutral-current deep inelastic scattering (DIS) using a deep neural network (DNN). Unlike traditional methods, it exploits the full kinematic information of both the scattered electron and the hadronic-final state, and it accounts for QED radiation by identifying events with radiated photons and event-level momentum imbalance. The method is studied with simulated events at HERA and the future Electron-Ion Collider (EIC). We show that the DNN method outperforms all the traditional methods over the full phase space, improving resolution and reducing bias. Our method has the potential to extend the kinematic reach of future experiments at the EIC, and thus their discovery potential in polarized and nuclear DIS.
description: This is the published version, which was accepted for publication December 4, 2021
Stegopoma giganteum Ramil & Vervoort 1992
Creators: name: Gil, Marta
name: Ramil, Fran
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Cnidaria
Hydrozoa
Leptothecata
Tiarannidae
Stegopoma
Stegopoma giganteum

description: Stegopoma giganteum Ramil & Vervoort, 1992
Fig. 3D–E; Table 3
Stegopoma giganteum Ramil & Vervoort, 1992: 36–38, fig. 5e–f.
Material examined
SOUTH ATLANTIC OCEAN • 5 colonies, up to 15 mm high (1 growing on Zygophylax sp., 1 on bivalve shell, 1 on ghost fishing net with a gonotheca); Valdivia Seamount, stn BT12; 24°49′01″–24°47′38″ S, 6°24′40″–6°25′26″ E; 887– 886 m depth; 7 Feb. 2015; SEAFO-2015 leg.; SEAFO-2015-40222, SEAFO-2015-40612, SEAFO-2015-40811, SEAFO-2015-40827, SEAFO-2015-40852, LZM-UV slide R. 587.
Description
Colony composed of a thin and ramified stolon, growing attached on the hydrocaulus and branches of Zygophylax sp., from which arise pedicellate hydrothecae and gonothecae. Hydrothecae placed at the end of long, slender, smooth-walled and unbranched pedicels with some transversal scars due to regeneration after damage. Hydrothecae large, tubular, with smooth walls, almost bilaterally symmetrical, and slightly widening distally (Fig. 3D). Aperture closed by a triangular operculum adopting the shape of a gabled roof, formed by two opposite, semicircular sections on the distal part of the hydrothecal wall; opercular apparatus provided with longitudinal strips running downwards from top to basis. Hydranths are damaged or absent, and their description is not possible, but we can confirm that they are attached to the inner side of the hydrothecal base by means of a hyaline membranous ring, identical to the description given by Ramil & Vervoort (1992); this membranous ring indicates the boundary between the pedicel and the hydrotheca.
The gonotheca shows similar morphology to that described for the hydrotheca, including the closing apparatus, but it is supported by a shorter pedicel (Fig. 3E).
Remarks
This is the first record of S. giganteum after its original description. The large size of the hydrothecae (2–3 mm long), with long and narrow pedicels, are distinctive features of this species. In addition, the opercular apparatus, the presence of a hyaline membranous ring at the attachment site of the hydranth to the hydrothecal base, and the gonothecal shape fit well with the original description of this species. Consequently, despite the wide geographical distance between the type locality and the present record, we include this material in S. giganteum.
Distribution
This species is only known from off Cape São Vicente (Portugal; type locality) where it was collected at a depth of 1523 m (Ramil & Vervoort 1992). This is the first record for the South Atlantic.
description: Published as part of Gil, Marta & Ramil, Fran, 2021, Hydroids (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa) from the Vema and Valdivia seamounts (SE Atlantic), pp. 49-96 in European Journal of Taxonomy 758 on pages 60-61, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2021.758.1425, http://zenodo.org/record/5088125
Noncommutative Deformations of Wightman Quantum Field Theories
Creators: name: Grosse, Harald
name: Lechner, Gandalf
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum field theories on noncommutative Minkowski space are studied in a model-independent setting by treating the noncommutativity as a deformation of quantum field theories on commutative space. Starting from an arbitrary Wightman theory, we consider special vacuum representations of its Weyl-Wigner deformed counterpart. In such representations, the effect of the noncommutativity on the basic structures of Wightman theory, in particular the covariance, locality and regularity properties of the fields, the structure of the Wightman functions, and the commutative limit, is analyzed. Despite the nonlocal structure introduced by the noncommutativity, the deformed quantum fields can still be localized in certain wedge-shaped regions, and may therefore be used to compute noncommutative corrections to two-particle S-matrix elements.
description: 29 pages, no figures
Universal power law behaviors in genomic sequences and evolutionary models
Creators: name: Martignetti, L.
name: Caselle, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Genomics (q-bio.GN)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the length distribution of a particular class of DNA sequences known as 5'UTR exons. These exons belong to the messanger RNA of protein coding genes, but they are not coding (they are located upstream of the coding portion of the mRNA) and are thus less constrained from an evolutionary point of view. We show that both in mouse and in human these exons show a very clean power law decay in their length distribution and suggest a simple evolutionary model which may explain this finding. We conjecture that this power law behaviour could indeed be a general feature of higher eukaryotes.
description: 15 pages, 3 figures
Stenomitos kolaensis Shalygin, Shalygina et Johansen 2020, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Shalygin, Sergei
name: Shalygina, Regina R.
name: Redkina, Vera V.
name: Gargas, Cory B.
name: Johansen, Jeffrey R.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Bacteria
Cyanobacteria
Cyanophyceae
Synechococcales
Leptolyngbyaceae
Stenomitos
Stenomitos kolaensis

description: Stenomitos kolaensis Shalygin, Shalygina et Johansen sp. nov. (Figs. 1, 3 A,B,C)
Macrocolonies in form of thin, blue-green film growing on agar surface. Filaments long, occasionally coiled or slightly waved, seldom containing two trichomes, with or without sheath, 1.8–2 (4.5) μm wide. Mucilaginous sheaths colorless, soft, hyaline to firm and persistent beyond the apex of the trichome, rarely slightly swollen, clearly visible as wider than the trichome, in older stages mostly firm. Trichomes distinctly constricted at the cross-walls, granulated mostly in the older stages, 1.5–2 μm wide. Cells bright blue-green when young, pale green when old, from isodiametric to elongate, 1.5–2.5 (4) μm long, rarely with polar granules. Apical cells rounded to slightly conical, elongated up to 4.5 μm long. Thylakoids peripheral, necridia present.
Holotype here designated: dried specimen deposited into herbarium of Polar-Alpine Botanical Garden-Institute, Kirovsk, Murmansk Province, Russia, under following accession number: KPABG (C):4182.
Type locality: Five km north-west from Nikel town (69.3691° N, 29.899° E), Al-Fe humic podzol soil in a young boreal forest composed of coniferous and deciduous trees, Kola Peninsula, Russia, sampled 15 July 2014 by Regina Shalygina.
Etymology: named for its locality – Kola Peninsula, Russia.
NCBI GenBank accession number: KU175690.
description: Published as part of Shalygin, Sergei, Shalygina, Regina R., Redkina, Vera V., Gargas, Cory B. & Johansen, Jeffrey R., 2020, Description of Stenomitos kolaenensis and S. hiloensis sp. nov. (Leptolyngbyaceae, Cyanobacteria) with an emendation of the genus, pp. 108-128 in Phytotaxa 440 (2) on pages 111-114, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.440.2.3, http://zenodo.org/record/13872239
The pressure of QED from the two-loop 2PI effective action
Creators: name: Borsanyi, Szabolcs
name: Reinosa, Urko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compute the pressure of hot quantum electrodynamics from the two-loop truncation of the 2PI effective action. Since the 2PI resummation guarantees gauge-fixing independence only up to the order of the truncation, our result for the pressure presents a gauge dependent contribution of O(e^4). We numerically characterize the credibility of this gauge-dependent calculation and find that the uncertainty due to gauge parameter dependence is under control for xi<1. Our calculation also suggests that the choice of Landau gauge may minimize gauge-dependent effects.
description: 15 latex pages with 3 figures
Coulomb-interaction effects in full counting statistics of a quantum-dot Aharonov-Bohm interferometer
Creators: name: Urban, Daniel
name: König, Jürgen
name: Fazio, Rosario
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the effect of Coulomb interaction on the full counting statistics of an Aharonov-Bohm (AB) interferometer with a single-level quantum dot in one arm in the regime of weak dot-lead and lead-lead tunnel couplings. In the absence of Coulomb interaction, the interference processes are of nonresonant nature with an even AB flux dependence and obey bidirectional Poissonian statistics. For large charging energy, the statistic of these processes changes. In addition, processes of resonant nature with an odd flux dependence appear. In the limit of strongly asymmetric tunnel couplings from the dot to the left and right leads, their statistics is found to be strongly super-Poissonian.
description: 8 pages, 3 figures
First-principles investigation of effect of pressure on BaFe$_2$As$_2$
Creators: name: Xie, Wenhui
name: Bao, Mingli
name: Zhao, Zhenjie
name: Liu, Bang-Gui
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: On experimental side, BaFe$_2$As$_2$ without doping has been made superconducting by applying appropriate pressure (2-6 GPa). Here, we use a full-potential linearized augmented plane wave method within the density-functional theory to investigate the effect of pressure on its crystal structure, magnetic order, and electronic structure. Our calculations show that the striped antiferromagnetic order observed in experiment is stable against pressure up to 13 GPa. Calculated antiferromagnetic lattice parameters are in good agreements with experimental data, while calculations with nonmagnetic state underestimate Fe-As bond length and c-axis lattice constant. The effects of pressure on crystal structure and electronic structure are investigated for both the antiferromagnetic state and the nonmagnetic one. We find that the compressibility of the antiferromagnetic state is quite isotropic up to about 6.4 GPa. With increasing pressure, the FeAs$_4$ tetrahedra is hardly distorted. We observe a transition of Fermi surface topology in the striped antiferromagnetic state when the compression of volume is beyond 8% (or pressure 6 GPa), which corresponds to a large change of $c/a$ ratio. These first-principles results should be useful to understanding the antiferromagnetism and electronic states in the FeAs-based materials, and may have some useful implications to the superconductivity.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures
Drawida hattamimizu Hatai 1930
Creators: name: Blakemore, Robert
name: Kupriyanova, Elena
name: Grygier, Mark
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2010
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Annelida
Clitellata
Haplotaxida
Moniligastridae
Drawida
Drawida hattamimizu

description: Species Drawida hattamimizu Hatai, 1930 Figs 1–3 Synonymy: Drawida hattamimizu Hatai, 1930: 485, figs 1–7; 1931: 85–98, fig. 6; Ohfuchi, 1938b: 395; Yuki, 1940a: 20?, b: 12; Kobayashi, 1941: 263; Ogawa, 1944: 81, fig. 30; Easton, 1981: 35, 37, 38, tab. 1; Uchida, 1988: 546; Blakemore, 2003; 2004; 2006; 2007a,b; Watanabe, 2005 (figs 1–5); Kamihira, 2005 (map fig. 1); Nishino, 2006: 542; Anon. 2009 (photos). Drawida hattaminizu; (laps.) Reynolds & Cook, 1976: 111.
description: Published as part of Blakemore, Robert, Kupriyanova, Elena & Grygier, Mark, 2010, Neotypification of Drawida hattamimizu Hatai, 1930 (Annelida, Oligochaeta, Megadrili, Moniligastridae) as a model linking mtDNA (COI) sequences to an earthworm type, with a response to the ' Can of Worms' theory of cryptic species, pp. 1-29 in ZooKeys 41 (4) on pages 6-7, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.41.374, http://zenodo.org/record/576648
description: {"references": ["Hatai S (1930) On Drawida hattamimizu, sp. nov. Science Reports of the Tohoku Imperial University. 4 th Series. Biology 5 (3): 485 - 508.", "Ohfuchi S (1938 b) On the Cocoon of Drawida hattamimizu Hatai. Japanese Zoological Magazine, Tokyo, 50 (8): 395 - 397. [In Japanese].", "Yuki H (1940 a) Hakubutsu danpen (sono 1). Omi Hakubutsu Dokokaishi 8: 16 - 25. [in Japanese].", "Kobayashi S (1941) Earthworms. Japanese Zoological Magazine 53: 258 - 266. [In Japanese].", "Ogawa F (1944) Mimizu no Kansatsu (Examining Earthworms), Sogensha, Tokyo [in Japanese].", "Easton EG (1981) Japanese earthworms: a synopsis of the Megadrile species (Oligochaeta). Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History) Zoology 40 (2): 33 - 65.", "Uchida T (1988) Drawida japonica cf. D. hattamimizu. In: Okada Y, Uchida S, Uchida T (Eds) New Illustrated Encyclopedia of the Fauna of Japan (Shinpen Nihon Doubutsu Zukan), Part I, Hokuryukan, Tokyo, 803 pp. [In Japanese].", "Blakemore RJ (2003) Japanese Earthworms (Annelida: Oligochaeta): a Review and Checklist of Species. Organisms, Diversity and Evolution 3 (3): 241 - 244.", "Watanabe H (2005) On hatta mimizu (Drawida hattamimizu), a unique semi-aquatic earthworm, distributed around the Lake Biwa and it's conservation. KONC, Bulletin of Kansai Organization for Nature Conservation 27 (2): 5 - 19. [In Japanese].", "Kamihira, Y (2005) Fauna and Distribution of Moniligastrida (Terrestrial Oligochaeta) in and around Japan: Zoogeographical consideration of the primitive earthworm. Bulletin of Hakodate Junior College 31: 1 - 9. [in Japanese]", "Nishino, M (2006) Drawida hattamimizu. Red Data Book of Shiga Prefecture, 2005, Wildlife Survey Group in Shiga Prefecture, Sunrise Press, Shiga, 563 pp.", "Reynolds JW, Cook DG (1976) Nomenclatura Oligochaetologica: a catalogue of names, descriptions and type specimens of the Oligochaeta. University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, 217 pp."]}
Spectral Methods for Numerical Relativity
Creators: name: Grandclement, Philippe
name: Novak, Jérôme
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Spectral Theory (math.SP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Equations arising in General Relativity are usually too complicated to be solved analytically and one has to rely on numerical methods to solve sets of coupled partial differential equations. Among the possible choices, this paper focuses on a class called spectral methods where, typically, the various functions are expanded onto sets of orthogonal polynomials or functions. A theoretical introduction on spectral expansion is first given and a particular emphasis is put on the fast convergence of the spectral approximation. We present then different approaches to solve partial differential equations, first limiting ourselves to the one-dimensional case, with one or several domains. Generalization to more dimensions is then discussed. In particular, the case of time evolutions is carefully studied and the stability of such evolutions investigated. One then turns to results obtained by various groups in the field of General Relativity by means of spectral methods. First, works which do not involve explicit time-evolutions are discussed, going from rapidly rotating strange stars to the computation of binary black holes initial data. Finally, the evolutions of various systems of astrophysical interest are presented, from supernovae core collapse to binary black hole mergers.
description: This new version has been accepted for publication in Living Reviews in Relativity