cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Alternative materials for next-generation transistors: high-k/Ge-based MOSFET
Creators: name: Hsueh, Chien-Lan
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2008

description: Electronic devices that make up 99% of the computer processor and memory market are based on silicon (semiconductor) and silicon dioxide (insulator) technology. Unfortunately the key transistor gate stack structure within the "traditional" technology has reached an intrinsic physical scaling limit; the ultrathin gate oxide, already at 1nm thickness, cannot be made thinner without resulting in an intolerably high leakage current and reduced drive current. This limitation can be avoided by replacing the thin gate dielectric with a thicker film of an alternative material with a permittivity higher than that of SiO2, an accomplishing that has been realized in production just as this thesis goes to press. To further increase device performance, replacing the Si semiconductor with germanium as an alternative channel material is an attractive option for its high mobility and narrow band gap. However, the lack of a stable insulating oxide with high quality electrical properties prevents the fabrication of competitive Ge-based metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistors (MOSFETs).This dissertation reports the study of potential future-generation transistors with high-k dielectrics (HfO2 and Al2O3) on Ge substrates. A brief review of current research and development is first given followed by an introduction of the thin film characterization techniques used in this work. Various cleaning treatments as well as surface passivation methods using wet chemistry have been investigated on Ge substrates. Next, thin high-k dielectric films of HfO2 and Al2O3 have been deposited on Ge using atomic layer deposition (ALD). ALD permits films to be grown with monolayer control and excellent film conformality.Physical, chemical and electrical characterization has been performed on the multilayer film structures.  Optimization of the film growth has been developed and we have demonstrated high quality with Au/HfO2/Ge nMOS devices. Capacitance-voltage electrical measurements show that sulfur passivation methods on Ge greatly decrease the interface state density and improve the device electrical properties. The same improvements have also been observed on the similarly processed Ge-based MOS capacitors with Al2O3 dielectric layers.
Antepipona ovalis
Creators: name: Pannure, Arati
name: Carpenter, James M.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Eumenidae
Antepipona
Antepipona ovalis

description: Antepipona ovalis (de Saussure, 1853)
Material examined. No specimens examined.
Distribution. India: Karnataka [Uttara Kannada (Dandeli)], Kerala, Puducherry, Tamil Nadu [Chennai]; Chhattisgarh, Maharashtra [Karad, Mumbai], Odisha, Punjab, Uttarakhand, West Bengal.— Afghanistan, Sri Lanka (Gusenleitner 2006; Girish Kumar & Sharma 2015b; Carpenter unpublished).
description: Published as part of Pannure, Arati & Carpenter, James M., 2016, Taxonomic studies on potter wasps (Hymenoptera: Vespidae: Eumeninae) of south India, pp. 1-50 in Zootaxa 4171 (1) on page 25, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4171.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/258090
Alarcta Torres 1958
Creators: name: Sanborn, Allen F.
name: Heath, Maxine S.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Cicadidae
Alarcta

description: Alarcta Torres, 1958
Type species. Tettigades bahiensis Torres, 1942.
Remarks. All species of Alarcta are endemic to Argentina (Metcalf 1963c; Duffels & van der Laan 1985).
description: Published as part of Sanborn, Allen F. & Heath, Maxine S., 2014, The cicadas of Argentina with new records, a new genus and fifteen new species (Hemiptera: Cicadoidea: Cicadidae), pp. 1-94 in Zootaxa 3883 (1) on page 78, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3883.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4951252
In situ transmission infrared spectroscopy of high-k oxide atomic layer deposition onto silicon surfaces
Creators: name: Ho, Ming-Tsung
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2008

description: Ultra-thin aluminum oxide (Al2O3 ) and hafnium oxide (HfO2) layers have been grown by atomic layer deposition (ALD) using tri-methyl-aluminum (TMA) and tetrakis-ethyl-methyl-amino-hafnium (TEMAH) respectively with heavy water (D2O) as the oxidizing agent.  Several different silicon surfaces were used as substrates such as hydrogen terminated silicon (H/Si), SC2 (or RCA 2) cleaned native silicon oxide (SiO2/Si), and silicon (oxy)nitride.  In-situ transmission Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) has been adopted for the study of the growth mechanisms during ALD of these films.The vibrational spectra of gas phase TEMAH and its reaction byproducts with oxidants have also been investigated.  Density functional theory (DFT) normal mode calculations show a good agreement with the experimental data when it is combined with linear wave-number scaling method and Fermi resonance mechanism.  Ether (-C-O-C-) and tertiary alkylamine (N(R1R2R3)) compounds are the two most dominant products of TEMAH reacting with oxygen gas and water.  When ozone is used as the oxidant, gas phase CH2O, CH3NO2, CH3-N=C=O and other compounds containing -(C=O)- and --C- O-C- (or --O-C-) segments are observed.With substrate temperatures less than 400oC and 300oC for TMA and TEMAH respectively, Al oxide and Hf oxide ALD can be appropriately performed on silicon surfaces. Thin silicon (oxy)nitride thermally grown in ammonia on silicon substrate can significantly reduce silicon oxide interlayer formation during ALD and post-deposition annealing. The crystallization temperature of amorphous ALD grown HfO2 on nitridized silicon is 600oC, which is 100oC higher than on the other silicon surfaces.When HfO2 is grown on H/Si(111) at 100oC deposition temperature, minimum 5 -- 10 ALD cycles are required for the full surface coverage.  The steric effect can be seen by the evolution of the H-Si stretching mode at 2083 cm-1.  The observed red shift of H-Si stretching to ~ 2060 cm-1 can be caused by Si-H...Hf interactions or by the dielectric screening effect of as-grown high-κ moiety. A summary of local bonding models with vibrational mode assignments of the adsorbed TMA and TEMAH on silicon surfaces is presented based on the analysis of the substructure of silicate interfacial band at 900 -- 1100 cm-1.
Requesting in library reference service interactions
Creators: name: Downing, Arthur
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2008

description: This dissertation is a conversation-analytic study of requests and the opening sequences that set up requesting in service interactions at a reference desk.  The data reveal that openings consist minimally of an approach-availability display sequence followed by a request.  Patrons and librarians jointly shape the course of action to provide a slot in which a request is expectable.  Greetings may be used to: (1) maintain a state of engagement in an incipient interaction when initiated too far from the desk to transact business through talk or (2) advance to requesting by projecting the conditional relevance of a request in the next turn via a greeting+solicit construction or by reducing the opening through turn taking practices.  Patrons typically produce a request by presenting an assistable formulated as an unfinished activity.  In the data requests make either instruction-giving or giving access to library resources relevant.  Librarians' responses display their understanding of a turn as doing requesting by proposing a solution to the patron's problem, beginning to work on a solution, or initiating an interrogative sequence that solicits information relevant to a solution.  When a request is not assistance-ready, the interactants collaborate on the production of an actionable request by: (1) augmenting the request turn; (2) initiating an interrogative insertion sequence; (3) constructing an extended, narrative request turn.This study identifies the feature of needing assistance with completing a library-related activity as highly relevant to request-making.  Librarians' orientation to this feature is consequential to the course of action, for when a patron does not construct a request around an unfinished activity, the librarian may: (1) respond as though the request had been formulated around an unfinished activity or (2) solicit a reformulation of the request in terms of an unfinished activity.  The findings have implications for librarians' re-conceptualization of requesting as a social action and the improvement of professional practices based on the use of naturalistic data for research and training.  The findings also support and extend prior research on the beginnings of face-to-face encounters, and on institutional talk-in-interaction, in particular work on the interrelationship of verbal and nonverbal practices in service encounters.
Spanish/English web site for smoking cessation trials
Creators: name: University Of California Office Of The President
Publisher: name: University of California Office of the President
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/00dmfq477
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2024

description: tion of English- and Spanish-speaking smokers have quit smoking 1 and 6 months after using the Guide to Stop Smoking (Guide) we made available on the web site’s first study.

 2) To complete a study in which we will compare the Guide versus the Guide plus a Mood Management (MM) course. The 8-week web-based course teaches users how to use their thoughts and activities to improve their mood while quitting, so they will be less likely to start smoking again.

 3) To build a more complex web site, which will compare four methods to stop smoking: 1. the Guide when used individually, 2. the Guide plus the Mood Management Course used individually, 3. the Guide when used as part of a web-based group, and 4. The Guide plus the Mood Management Course when used as part of a web-based group. The group format will allow smokers to give each other information and support. For aims 2 and 3, quit rates will be compared at 1, 3, 6, and 12 mos.

 4) For each of the above, we will document how best to use the World Wide Web to reach specific populations: ethnic minorities, Spanish speakers, diverse age groups, rural and urban groups, and women.

 The web is a powerful tool for smoking cessation efforts. It can be used at home, work, or a public library. We need to evaluate carefully which smoking cessation methods have the best success rates for which groups when delivered over the web. Underrepresented groups, such as Spanish-speakers, should have access to these new resources. Groups with limited reading ability will be able to use the web more as we make advances to allow video and audio to reduce the need to read text.
Alarcta albicerata
Creators: name: Sanborn, Allen F.
name: Heath, Maxine S.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Cicadidae
Alarcta
Alarcta albicerata

description: Alarcta albicerata (Torres, 1949)
Tettigades albicerata Torres 1949: 181 (type material examined).
Type locality. Choele-Choel, Río Negro, Argentina.
Remarks. The species has only been reported from the type locality in Río Negro, Province (Torres 1949; 1958d). The first author was given specimens from Chubut but the origin of the specimens is unclear since they were found in a broom.
description: Published as part of Sanborn, Allen F. & Heath, Maxine S., 2014, The cicadas of Argentina with new records, a new genus and fifteen new species (Hemiptera: Cicadoidea: Cicadidae), pp. 1-94 in Zootaxa 3883 (1) on page 78, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3883.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4951252
A History of the Nellis Air Force Base Military Training Lands
Creators: name: Myhrer, Keith
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Clark (County)
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/geographic-keyword/3965/clark-county
subject: United States of America (Country)
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/geographic-keyword/384/united-states-of-america-country
subject: Las Vegas, Nevada
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/geographic-keyword/76911/las-vegas-nevada
subject: Nellis AFB
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/geographic-keyword/84895/nellis-afb
subject: Nevada (State / Territory)
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/geographic-keyword/919/nevada-state-territory
subject: Nye (County)
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/geographic-keyword/4104/nye-county
subject: Nellis Air Force Base, Nevada
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/geographic-keyword/80650/nellis-air-force-base-nevada

description: A history of the Nellis Air Force Base Military Training Lands.
Effects of experimental invasive communities on forest dynamics
Creators: name: Galbraith-Kent, Shannon Lee
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2008

description: Alien invasive plant species have altered the historical descriptions of eastern U.S. forests.  This dissertation used an invasive tree (Acer platanoides) and shrub species (Berberis thunbergii) to examine how experimental understory communities affected dynamics in a suburban deciduous forest in Central New Jersey, USA.  With invasive plant removal often an unrealistic option, these community treatments (0%, 25%, 50% invasive) served as proxies for possible management outcomes to test invasive effects on native species.  After only 3 growing seasons, both an A. platanoides canopy and A. platanoides saplings had strong negative impacts on native sapling and seedling growth.  There was such a strong negative effect of the invasive canopy on native sapling growth that the presence of invasive saplings was less important.  However, beneath a native canopy, native saplings grew significantly more in the absence of invasive saplings.  Even if invasive removal in the understory were only done every 2-3 yrs, this would give native saplings release from invasive competition and time to increase in growth (Chapter 1).  In two separate experiments, an invasive canopy negatively affected native seedling growth in the forest (Chapter 3), and soil collected from beneath an invasive canopy reduced native growth (greenhouse, Chapter 2).  While the understory and canopy types impacted native saplings and seedlings, A. platanoides was largely unaffected (Chapters 1, 3).  However, it does appear that it has the ability to shift resource allocation depending on soil type, which may give it a growth advantage over native species (Chapter 2).  I did not find support of the ERH, as leaves from seedlings of A. platanoides and A. rubrum had equivalent amounts of herbivory (Chapter 3).  In a litter decomposition experiment (Chapter 4), two invasive species had lower C:N ratios than the native species.  Higher nitrogen content in invasive litter could alter soil nutrients and cycling and, perhaps, leave a legacy of invasive impact. Experimental studies done in the field can help us increase our understanding of invasive and native species interactions, while providing us with information to guide restoration and management decisions to retain native diversity.
ApoE isoforms, fatty acid metabolism and atherosclerosis
Creators: name: University Of California Office Of The President
Publisher: name: University of California Office of the President
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/00dmfq477
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2024

description: Cigarette smoking contributes to the development of atherosclerosis, premature heart disease, and stroke. Although the exact mechanisms are not known, they likely involve a combination of changes made to cells in the blood vessel walls and to the metabolism of lipoprotein particles that carry fat in the blood. These changes lead to atherosclerosis, to the deposition of fat in cells of the artery walls and to the formation of blood clots, which results in heart attacks and strokes. Understanding the processes that alter the progression of atherosclerosis are critical for treating these diseases effectively.

 One protein that is important in preventing atherosclerosis and heart disease is apolipoprotein (apo) E. This protein, a component of plasma lipoproteins, assists in the processing of lipoproteins and in removing them from the blood. When apoE expression is eliminated in mice, plasma cholesterol levels rise, and the mice develop atherosclerosis. When apoE is produced at very low levels in these mice, development of disease is reduced. In humans, the situation is a little more complicated because apoE exists in three different forms, called apoE2, apoE3, and apoE4, which vary by single amino acid changes in their structure. These forms of apoE differ in their effects on lipoprotein metabolism and atherosclerosis. The mechanisms that lead to these differences are not completely understood. We discovered that these forms of apoE have different effects on the uptake of free fatty acids (a type of fat) by cells, which might contribute to their differential effects on the development of disease. Free fatty acid uptake is increased with apoE2 and decreased with apoE4 as compared to the uptake in the presence of apoE3, the most common form of apoE. The studies in this proposal are designed to determine the reason for these effects on fat metabolism and to examine the effects of these differences on the metabolism of fat in experimental animals. The results of these studies will increase our understanding of the role of apoE in fat metabolism and in the prevention of premature disease.
Dissociating space and trace in dorsal and ventral hippocampus
Creators: name: Czerniawski, Jennifer Lee
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2008

description: There are inconsistencies regarding the role of the hippocampus in many forms of spatial and nonspatial learning, including Pavlovian trace fear conditioning (McEchron et al., 1998, Quinn et al., 2002, Rogers et al.,2006; Otto & Yoon, 2007).  Emerging evidence suggests the hippocampus can be functionally dissociated along its septotemporal axis into dorsal and ventral hippocampus, which may explain some of these inconsistencies (Moser & Moser, 1998; Pitkanen et al., 2000).  Excitotoxic lesions of ventral, but not dorsal, hippocampus impair the acquisition of trace fear conditioning, while lesions of either dorsal or ventral hippocampus made after conditioning impair the expression of trace fear conditioning (Yoon & Otto, 2007).  The present study examined the contributions of dorsal and ventral hippocampus to a delayed reinforced alternation task and trace fear conditioning by using inactivation with the GABAA agonist, muscimol.  The findings demonstrate that there is a double dissociation of dorsal and ventral hippocampus: inactivation of dorsal, but not ventral, hippocampus, dramatically impaired performance in the delayed reinforced alternation task, while inactivation of ventral, but not dorsal hippocampus attenuated the acquisition and expression of trace fear conditioning.
Antepipona sasidharani Lambert & Narendran 2002
Creators: name: Pannure, Arati
name: Carpenter, James M.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Eumenidae
Antepipona
Antepipona sasidharani

description: Antepipona sasidharani Lambert & Narendran, 2002
Material examined. No specimens examined.
Distribution. India: Tamil Nadu [Coimbatore] (Lambert and Narendran 2002; Lambert 2004)
description: Published as part of Pannure, Arati & Carpenter, James M., 2016, Taxonomic studies on potter wasps (Hymenoptera: Vespidae: Eumeninae) of south India, pp. 1-50 in Zootaxa 4171 (1) on page 25, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4171.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/258090
Alarcta bahiensis
Creators: name: Sanborn, Allen F.
name: Heath, Maxine S.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Cicadidae
Alarcta
Alarcta bahiensis

description: Alarcta bahiensis (Torres, 1942)
Tettigades bahiensis Torres 1942: 256 (type material examined).
Type locality. The holotype male does not have a locality label. However, an allotype (sic) male and the paratype males were all collected at Bahia Blanca, Buenos Aires Province, Argentina. Since there is no mention of a female specimen in the description, the listing of an allotype is considered a lapsus calami. The type locality is thus Bahia Blanca.
Remarks. The species has only been reported from the type locality in Buenos Aires Province (Torres 1942; 1958d). We collected specimens in Buenos Aires, Chubut, and Neuquén Provinces. The species is associated with the Espinal, Monte, and Pampas floristic provinces (Sanborn et al. 2011a).
New provincial records. Chubut, Puerto Madryn, 28-XI-1986, M.S. Heath & Al Sanborn Coll., EX: Sand dunes (10 males, MSHC, one male, AFSC); Chubut, Puerto Madryn, 29-XI-1986, M.S. Heath & Al Sanborn Coll. (two males, MSHC); Chubut, Puerto Madryn, 6-XII-1986, M.S. Heath & Al Sanborn Coll. (eight males, MSHC).
description: Published as part of Sanborn, Allen F. & Heath, Maxine S., 2014, The cicadas of Argentina with new records, a new genus and fifteen new species (Hemiptera: Cicadoidea: Cicadidae), pp. 1-94 in Zootaxa 3883 (1) on page 78, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3883.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4951252
Micro-raman spectroscopy of caries lesion formation in dental enamel
Creators: name: Dadlani, Deepa
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2008

description: Caries lesions form by a complex process of chemical interactions between dental enamel and its environment. They can cause cavities and pain, and are expensive to fix. Lesions form by slow demineralization over many months, even years. It is hard to characterize in vivo as a result of environmental factors and remineralization by ions in the oral cavity. In this thesis the process of demineralization was carried out in vitro and micro-Raman spectroscopy used to investigate and characterize the lesion's chemistry. Demineralization occurs by diffusion across the depth of the lesion of mineral ions via interstitial spaces in the dental enamel. Hydroxyl ions are initially lost by acidic attack, which increases the interstitial space. The demineralization is retarded by diffusion processes in the opposite direction, and a balance in the charges of the ions must be maintained. Having multiple ions diffusing simultaneously is termed &amp;#08220;coupled diffusion&amp;#08221;. A subsurface highly demineralized region is formed, but this can be remineralized.Micro-Raman spectroscopy is a powerful tool for studying material composition by exciting chemical bonds in the sample. Using micro-Raman to characterize the chemical composition of lesions may help in developing preventative measures to stop their formation. Raman (λ=785 nm) was used to characterize lesions grown over 5, 7, 9, 11 and 14 days. The amide I peak at ~1605 cm-1, which has not been observed previously, was seen in the maturing lesions. The extreme demineralization in these lesions enables the organic peaks to be seen rather than the normally stronger mineral peaks. Analysis of crystallinity shows that there is always a reduction in mineral content with distance below the enamel surface, but this becomes magnified as the lesion matures. Type B carbonate substitution for phosphate ions can also be examined with Raman. Correcting for crystallinity shows that both carbonate and phosphate ions are lost at the same rate during demineralization.In summary, micro-Raman is an effective and relatively easy tool to use in lesion characterization. It also has the advantage that it can be used to identify changes in both the mineral and protein phases of enamel.
Dysregulation of VSMC signaling induced by nicotine
Creators: name: University Of California Office Of The President
Publisher: name: University of California Office of the President
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/00dmfq477
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2024

description: Heart attacks are the number one cause of death in the Western Hemisphere. The most common cause of heart attacks is atherosclerosis, or "hardening" of the arteries. It is well accepted that individuals that smoke tobacco products have increased risk for developing atherosclerosis. Upon examination of diseased vessels, one sees abnormal growth of blood vessel cells causing narrowing of vessels so as to compromise the flow of blood. One cell type that is thought to participate in this growth is the vascular smooth muscle cell. These cells are an important component of the normal blood vessel, providing structural integrity as well as giving the muscular ability to dilate and constrict. Several risk factors for atherosclerosis such as hypertension and diabetes can cause increased growth of vascular smooth muscle cells. These diverse risk factors are thought to initiate common signals within the cell to initiate the growth program. One of these common signals is oxidative stress. The oxidative stress causes the vascular smooth muscle cell to produce and secrete a variety of proteins that result in the growth of the originating as well as neighboring cells. Another result of this growth pattern is the deposition of structural proteins that, in the normal blood vessel, aid in strengthening the vessel. However, produced in excess, these proteins can cause abnormal stiffening of the arteries and veins.

 Recently our laboratory has discovered that nicotine, one of the active components of tobacco, has similar effects on the vessel wall. We believe that nicotine may initiate oxidative stress in vascular smooth muscle cells and thereby accelerate the progression of atherosclerosis. Our preliminary studies indicate that nicotine enhances the production of toxic oxygen-derived free radicals and that antioxidants can inhibit the nicotine-induced growth program. The project outlined in this proposal will confirm this observation and explore it in greater depth. Moreover, we will test the hypothesis that nicotine can alter the underlying expression pattern of defense molecules within the vascular smooth muscle cell, thereby leaving the cell more vulnerable to injury. We have developed various models to imitate the effects of nicotine on blood vessel cells and evaluate the effects upon cell growth in highly reproducible assays. It is intriguing to think that there may be a common mechanism by which high blood pressure, high blood sugar (diabetes), and tobacco smoking may cause hardening of the arteries. Exploration into what the pathways are involved in these processes may lead to the design of specific drugs which can target areas which may be more prone to form atherosclerotic plaques.
title: Sophie Shorland, The Lost Queen: The Suprising Life of Catherine of Braganza, Britain's Forgotten Monarch. London: Atlantic Books, 2424. 332pp
Creators: name: Castel-Branco, Maria da Conceição Emiliano
Publisher: name: CETAPS, Faculdade de Ciências Sociais e Humanas, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa
Year: 2024

description: Recensão crítica
description: Castel-Branco, Maria da Conceição Emiliano. Sophie Shorland, The Lost Queen: The Suprising Life of Catherine of Braganza, Britain's Forgotten Monarch. London: Atlantic Books, 2424. 332pp. Revista de Estudos Anglo-Portugueses, 33 (2024), pp 237-255. ISSN: 0871-6820
Evidence of harm perception, peer use, and tolerance for peer use as mediators between coping style and substance use among urban adolescents
Creators: name: Chiong, Angela S.
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2008

description: Research has provided strong evidence to support the existence of a relationship between adolescent coping styles and substance use. One area of research that has been overlooked however, is testing whether precursors of substance use serve as mediators between coping styles and substance use. The purpose of this study was to test whether the relationship between coping styles and adolescent substance use may be mediated by known proximal precursors of substance use. One hundred twenty-eight ninth graders attending an urban school participated in our study. Most of the participants were of ethnic minority descent (41% African American, 46.1% Latino/Hispanic). Scales used to measure coping styles, precursors of substance use, and substance use were derived via principal component analyses and included the following: coping via problem solving, coping via reliance on caretaker, coping via substance use, perception of harm from substance use, positive alcohol/marijuana expectancies, negative alcohol/marijuana expectancies, friends' use and tolerance for it, and substance use/intentions to use. Multiple regression analyses indicated that harm perception partially mediates the relationship between coping via reliance on caretaker and substance use/intentions to use. Higher reliance on caretaker to cope was associated with lower perception of harm from substances, which in turn, was associated with greater use and intentions to use. Multiple regression analyses also indicated that friends' use and tolerance for it partially mediates the relationship between coping via substance use and substance use/intentions to use. Frequent use of coping via substance use was associated with higher levels of peer use and tolerance for it, which in turn, was associated with greater use and intentions to use. Consistent with previous research, we also found that coping via substance use accounted for a significant amount of the variance in substance use and intentions to use. Implications for further research are discussed.
Persistent smoking in bars: an ethnographic analysis
Creators: name: University Of California Office Of The President
Publisher: name: University of California Office of the President
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/00dmfq477
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2024

description: This study is designed to investigate beliefs and behavior surrounding tobacco smoking within diverse San Francisco bars in which smoking has been banned. Building upon the literature on bar behavior and the research team's experience research on substance use among workers in different settings including bars, the proposed study will describe patrons', bartenders', and managers' normative understandings of tobacco use, second-hand smoke, and the extent to which California Assembly Bill 13 applies to them. The overall goal of the proposed study is understanding how and why many stand-alone bars are in noncompliance with California AB13.

 The proposed research design consists of a two-year study using semi-structured interviews as well as both highly structured and qualitative observations. A random sample of stand-alone bars (unconnected to restaurants) to study will be drawn from mapped data on alcohol outlets throughout the city. Because the San Francisco Department of Public Health's Tobacco Free Project recently found only 40% of stand-alone bars to be in compliance with AB13, the final sample of 60 stand-alone bars is expected to include roughly equal numbers of noncompliant bars and compliant bars. Experienced anthropologists will conduct a total of 80 open-ended interviews with patrons, bartenders, and managers of these randomly selected bars in San Francisco. Participant observation will take place during four waves of visits in and around these bars. In order to learn what distinguishes compliant from noncompliant bars, these observational settings will include sites where smoking occurs as well as those where smoking is discouraged.

 The proposed study focuses on the stand-alone bar as the site of analysis because it represents an environment in which the greatest AB13 compliance problems occur. The stand-alone bar is the public setting in which the population of patrons and employees is at greatest risk for exposure to environmental tobacco smoke. This study's findings will produce understandings of the range of bar patron and employee smoking norms and specific rationales for not complying with the ban. These findings constitute a necessary precursor for large-scale preventive efforts with relevance to this population. Accordingly, the proposed study should shed light on how to reduce a health problem faced not only by San Francisco bar employees and patrons, but workers and customers in noncompliant bars throughout the state as well.
Antepipona sibilans
Creators: name: Pannure, Arati
name: Carpenter, James M.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Eumenidae
Antepipona
Antepipona sibilans

description: Antepipona sibilans (Cameron, 1903)
Material examined. INDIA: Karnataka: Bangalore, GKVK, 916 m, 19. vii.1980, 1 ♀, coll. BNN-16; 930 m, 13°04' N 77°34' E, 15.i, 10. ii.2014, 2 ♀, 1♀, coll. A. Pannure; 30.i, 4. iii.2013, 2 ♀, coll. R. Girish; 1. x.2012, 1 Ƌ, coll. C. Keshavareddy; 1. ii.2012, 1 ♀; 14. iii.2013, 1 ♀, coll. U.G. Shimoga, Navile, 865 m, 13°24' N 78°04' E, 24. vi.2014, 1 ♀, coll. C. Prashantha.
Distribution. India: Karnataka [Uttara Kannada (Dandeli, Yellapur)], Puducherry, Tamil Nadu; Chhattisgarh, Gujarat, Maharashtra [Karad], Odisha, Rajasthan, West Bengal.— Nepal [Kathmandu (Balaju)], Pakistan (Giordani Soika 1982 (1981); Lambert 2004; Gusenleitner 2006; Girish Kumar & Sharma 2014, 2015b).
description: Published as part of Pannure, Arati & Carpenter, James M., 2016, Taxonomic studies on potter wasps (Hymenoptera: Vespidae: Eumeninae) of south India, pp. 1-50 in Zootaxa 4171 (1) on page 25, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4171.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/258090
SOX-2 knockdown in stem cells prevents lung tumor recurrence
Creators: name: University Of California Office Of The President
Publisher: name: University of California Office of the President
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/00dmfq477
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2024

description: Lay Abstract: This research proposal is specifically designed to focus on a novel and innovative molecular targeted therapy for lung cancer which is one of seven primary research areas TRDRP to maintain its broad scientific portfolio. Specifically, we will develop and apply a novel and unique strategy for the treatment of lung cancer by specifically attacking cancer stem cells (CSCs) within their protective niche in the tumor microenvironment (TME). This approach is most promising because CSCs are a small subset of tumor cells that can renew themselves and constitute the only cell type that can maintain tumor growth indefinitely. In contrast, the remaining non-stem cells which make up a majority in the TME, will eventually die to be replaced by new tumor cells. The ability of CSCs for self-renewal is thus the real driving force behind lung tumor growth, spreading and recurrence. The limited number of CSCs in the TME and their unique ability to survive indefinitely are thus held responsible for tumor cell escape from such conventional treatments as chemotherapy and radiation resulting in cancer recurrence. In fact, the ability to specifically destroy lung cancer stem cells is further complicated since molecular markers expressed on their surface, that could serve as points of attack for biological/immunological therapies, are generally also expressed, to some extent, on normal stem cells that are critical for normal organ and tissue repair. Importantly, we aim to overcome this problem with a completely different approach by discovering how CSCs are maintained and protected from being killed by traditional cancer therapies within a niche in the TME. Thus, we found that this protection of CSC occurs via a factor (Sox2) that regulates genes critical for the maintenance of CSCs. When we down regulated Sox2 by genetic manipulation, we found this approach sensitized the formerly chemoresistant CSCs to being killed by drugs currently used in the clinic for the treatment of human lung cancer. Taken together, our findings will provide for an effective and novel strategy to destroy CSCs and thus lead to the suppression of lung tumor growth, spreading and recurrence in our tumor model, resulting in increased life span of experimental animals. Once such strategies will be successful in our preclinical setting, they can rapidly be translated to clinical evaluation for the improved treatment of human lung cancer.
Dye sensitized solar cells using ZnO nanotips and Ga doped ZnO films
Creators: name: Chen, Hanhong
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2008

description: Dye sensitized solar cell (DSSC) is a promising and low-cost photovoltaic device. In the DSSC, a monolayer of dye is anchored on the surface of a semiconductor oxide. Photoexcitation takes place inside the dye, and photogenerated charges are then separated at the dye/oxide interface. Nanostructured oxide films are particularly attractive for DSSCs as they provide large surface area for dye anchoring. The crystalline quality of oxide films has significant impact on the charge transport. It is important to reduce the charge traps in the oxide to speed up the charge transport. In the DSSC, the transparent conducting oxide serves as an optical window, which determines the amount of light entering the device, and as the electrode, which extracts photocurrent. In the cell design, the selection of semiconductor oxide and corresponding transparent electrode is critical to achieve efficient light harvesting, charge separation and extraction. In this dissertation, a novel photoelectrode, consisting of well-aligned ZnO nanotips and a Ga-doped ZnO (GZO) TCO film, is developed for DSSC applications. The n-type semiconductor ZnO nanotips provide large surface area for dye anchoring in conjunction with direct conduction pathways for charge transport, while the GZO film acts as the transparent electrode. ZnO nanotips and GZO films are grown by metalorganic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD). GZO films (~400 nm) with sheet resistance of ~ 25 W/sq and transmittance over ~ 85% are achieved. ZnO nanotips have single crystalline quality and show free exciton emissions at room temperature. Photoelectrochemical cells are fabricated using liquid redox electrolyte and semi-solid gel electrolyte, respectively. UV light harvesting, which is directly generated by ZnO photoelectrode, is observed. The DSSC using liquid electrolyte exhibits a quantum efficiency at ~530nm of 65% and power conversion efficiency of 0.77%. By replacing the liquid electrolyte with gel electrolyte in the DSSC with the same structure, the open circuit voltage is increased from 610 mV to 726 mV and the overall power efficiency is increased to 0.89%. The aging testing shows that the DSSC using gel electrolyte has better stability than its liquid electrolyte counterpart.
Anterhynchium de Saussure 1863
Creators: name: Pannure, Arati
name: Carpenter, James M.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Eumenidae
Anterhynchium

description: Genus Anterhynchium de Saussure, 1863
Anterhynchium de Saussure 1863: 205, name for division I of genus Rhynchium Spinola in de Saussure 1852: 103 and de Saussure 1855: 175. Type species: Rygchium synagroides de Saussure, 1852, by subsequent designation (van der Vecht 1963: 73).
Anterhynchium: Girish Kumar 2013c: 139–140.
Diagnosis. Mandibles longer than length of clypeus, distinctly cross each other. Clypeus as wide as long, usually weakly emarginate apically. Female with cephalic fovea present in depression (Fig. 7). Vertex not sloping. Pronotum with complete transverse carina, its anterior surface smooth, without median pits. Pretegular carina and epicnemial well developed. Tegula longer than wide, narrow, its posterior end emarginate, not reaching posterior end of parategula. Scutellum and posterior part of mesoscutum strongly and densely punctuate. Postscutellum not conspicuously raised laterally, its outline as seen from above and in front slightly arcuate, usually irregularly crenulate. Axillary fossa slit like. Propodeal valvula and submarginal carina not free posteriorly. Propodeum toothed laterally (crenulate) (Fig. 50). Metasoma sessile, T1 with width more than half that of T2, much less than twice as long as wide; T1 not transversely carinate. Mid tibia with one spur (Fig. 47). Mid femur of male not distinctly emarginate at base. SMC2 basally acute. SMC3 separated from apex of marginal cell by a distance longer than its minimum width. Prestigma much more than half as long as pterostigma, sometimes even as long as pterostigma. Ƌ: F11 hook like, rounded at apex; F10, F11 short; no cavity on inner margin apical flagellomeres. Body length 15–20 mm.
Distribution. Australian, Ethiopian, Oriental and Palearctic Regions.
description: Published as part of Pannure, Arati & Carpenter, James M., 2016, Taxonomic studies on potter wasps (Hymenoptera: Vespidae: Eumeninae) of south India, pp. 1-50 in Zootaxa 4171 (1) on pages 25-26, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4171.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/258090
Reflexive conditions on artistic intentions
Creators: name: Mag Uidhir, Christopher Domhnall
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2007

description: Few dispute the descriptive necessity of intentions in art, little ground has been gained in virtue of such consensus. Intentions matter, but we must know not only which ones matter and why they matter but also the implications of their mattering for art theory writ large. I show that intentionality cannot be exhausted by mere appeals to deliberateness or bare artifactuality. I then argue that only reflexively governed intentions are necessary for art - artistic intentions are communicative intentions. Finally I show how making intentions reflexive accrues myriad art theoretical advantages ranging from interpretation to evaluation of art. Intentions matter because they are communicative. Art becomes language-like and in doing so art gets to matter because language matters.
Alarcta blanchardi
Creators: name: Sanborn, Allen F.
name: Heath, Maxine S.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Cicadidae
Alarcta
Alarcta blanchardi

description: Alarcta blanchardi (Torres, 1948)
Tettigades blanchardi Torres 1948c: 181.
Type locality. Zapala, Neuquén Province, Argentina.
Remarks. The species was reported from the type locality in Neuquén Province (Torres 1948c; 1958d). We collected specimens in Mendoza and Neuquén Provinces. The species is associated with the Patagonian floristic province (Sanborn et al. 2011a).
New provincial records. Mendoza, Rt. 40 West branch, 41 km N. of Barrancas, 9-XII-1981, M.S. & J.E. Heath Coll. (one male, MSHC); Mendoza, 3 km NE Bardas Blancas, 13-I-1987, Al Sanborn Coll. (one male, MSHC).
description: Published as part of Sanborn, Allen F. & Heath, Maxine S., 2014, The cicadas of Argentina with new records, a new genus and fifteen new species (Hemiptera: Cicadoidea: Cicadidae), pp. 1-94 in Zootaxa 3883 (1) on page 78, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3883.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4951252
Measurement of the relative fraction of ttbar events produced via gluon-fusion in ppbar collision at √s = 1.96 TeV at CDF.
Creators: name: Yamaoka, Jared
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2007

description: In this thesis we present a measurement of the relative fraction of ttbar events produced via gluon-fusion to the total number of ttbar events.  Using the kinematics of the production and decay of the top and antitop quark pair, we trained a Neural Network to discriminate the gluon-fusion events.  The Neural Network was then used as a template to fit for the gluon-fusionfraction in data.  Using a total integrated luminosity of 955 pb-1 we find the fraction of gluon-fusion event in all ttbar events to be &lt;0.33 at the 68% confidence level and &lt;0.61 at the 95% confidence level.
Chance and the dynamics of de se beliefs
Creators: name: Meacham, Christopher G. J.
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2007

description: How should our beliefs change over time? The standard answer to this question is the Bayesian one. But while the Bayesian account works well with respect to beliefs about the world, it breaks down when applied to self-locating or de se beliefs. In this work I explore ways to extend Bayesianism in order to accommodate de se beliefs. I begin by assessing, and ultimately rejecting, attempts to resolve these issues by appealing to Dutch books and chance-credence principles. I then propose and examine several accounts of the dynamics of de se beliefs. These examinations suggest that an extension of Bayesianism to de se beliefs will require some uncomfortable choices. I conclude by laying out the options available, and assessing the prospects of each.
Anterhynchium (Anterhynchium) abdominale subsp. abdominale abdominale (Illiger 1802
Creators: name: Pannure, Arati
name: Carpenter, James M.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Eumenidae
Anterhynchium
Anterhynchium abdominale
Anterhynchium (anterhynchium) abdominale abdominale (illiger, 1802)

description: Anterhynchium (Anterhynchium) abdominale abdominale (Illiger, 1802)
Material examined. INDIA: Karnataka: Bangalore, GKVK, 930 m, 13°04' N 77°34' E, 10.vii.2014, 1♂, coll. A. Patil; 12.xi.2014, 1♂, coll. Zammeroddin. Chikkamagaluru, Koppa, 22.iv.1982, 1♀, coll. N.V.A. Murthy; Mudigere, 975 m, 13°08' N 75°37' E, 17.v.2013, 1♀, coll. Chandan. Hassan, Agriculture college, 950 m, 12°58' N 76°16' E, 31.x.2013, 1Ƌ, coll. Navya; 17.ix.2013, 1♀, coll. K.M. Pavithra. Kolar, Horticulture College, 830 m, N 13°07' N 78°10' E, 16.xii.2014, 1♀, coll. UG. Mangalore, Ullal beach, 30.ix.2011, 1♀, coll. T.V. Aswathy. Kerala: Padannakkad, 14 m, 12°15' N 75°07' E, 14.viii.2015, 1♂, coll. A. Pannure.
Distribution. India: Karnataka, Kerala [Palakkad, Wa-layar Forests)], Tamil Nadu [Anamalai Hills]; Chhattisgarh, Delhi, Jharkhand, Odisha, Rajasthan [Udaipur], Sikkim, Tripura, Uttar Pradesh, West Bengal [Kolkata].— Myanmar, Pakistan, Sri Lanka (van der Vecht 1963; Gusenleitner 2006; Girish Kumar 2013c; Girish Kumar & Sharma 2015b).
description: Published as part of Pannure, Arati & Carpenter, James M., 2016, Taxonomic studies on potter wasps (Hymenoptera: Vespidae: Eumeninae) of south India, pp. 1-50 in Zootaxa 4171 (1) on page 26, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4171.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/258090