Anarchonirmus Bush 2017, new genus
Creators: name: Bush, Sarah E.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Phthiraptera
Philopteridae
Anarchonirmus

description: Anarchonirmus Gustafsson & Bush, new genus
Type species. Anarchonirmus albovittatus new species
Diagnosis. Anarchonirmus n. gen. does not appear to be very close to any of the previously treated genera. The male genitalia are most similar to those of Brueelia s. str. (Figs 45–47). Like in Brueelia s. str. (Fig. 48), the female subgenital plate of Anarchonirmus (Fig. 121) flares into a cross-piece; however in Anarchonirmus the cross-piece is medianly displaced. as3 and pns are absent in both Brueelia s. str. (Fig. 44) and Anarchonirmus (Fig. 116). However, unlike in Brueelia s. str. (Fig. 44), the antennae are sexually dimorphic in Anarchonirmus (Figs 116– 117), and whereas in Brueelia s. str. (Figs 42–43) the tergopleurites in are rectangular and reach the lateral margins of the abdomen, the tergopleurites of Anarchonirmus (Figs 114–115) are much reduced and no not reach the lateral margins of the abdomen. Brueelia s. str. lacks aps and psps on more anterior segments (Figs 42–43), but these are present in Anarchonirmus (Figs 114–115; see also Tables 2–3).
The structure and chaetotaxy of the head of Anarchonirmus (Fig. 116) is similar to that of Sychraella n. gen. (Fig. 108) and Teinomordeus n. gen. (Fig. 77). In all three genera the antennae are sexually dimorphic; however, the dimorphism is more extreme in Anarchonirmus (Figs 116–117) than in either of the other two genera (Figs 77– 78, 108–109). In Sychraella (Figs 106–107) and in Anarchonirmus (Figs 114–115) the ads is sexually dimorphic, and in both these genera the sternal plates and subgenital plates of both sexes have deeply concave lateral margins (Figs 106–107, 114–115). However, while male Sychraella (Fig. 106) have no setae on tergopleurites II–III, male Anarchonirmus (Fig. 114) have both aps, psps, tps, and ss on these segments. Female Sychraella have no setae apart from ps on tergopleurites II–VII (Fig. 107), yet both psps and ss are present on these segments in Anarchonirmus (Fig. 115).
Description. Both sexes. Head indented-dome shaped (Fig. 116). Marginal carina uninterrupted; displaced dorsally and posteriorly at osculum. Clypeo-labral suture does not reach the anterior margin of the head. Ventral carinae fused to short but broad ventral anterior plate continuous with marginal carina. Broad median fingers of ventral carinae protrude into clypeo-labral suture. Dorsal preantennal suture absent. Head setae as in Fig. 116; ads sexually dimorphic; as3 and pns absent; vsms2 on lateral margins of ventral anterior plate; s1–2 and pts not visible in the material examined; s3–4 mesosetae. Coni short and broad, obscured almost entirely by lateral protrusions of the head in male. Antennae sexually dimorphic; male scapes (Fig. 116) swollen, longer than female scapes (Fig. 117). Temporal carinae not visible; mts 3 only temporal macrosetae. Gular plate slender, pentagonal.
Prothorax (Figs 114–115) rectangular; ppss on postero-lateral corner. Proepimera slender; median ends blunt. Pterothorax pentagonal; lateral margins divergent; posterior margin convergent to median point; mms moderately separated medianly. Meso- and metasterna not fused; 1 seta on postero-lateral corner of each side of each plate. Metepisterna moderate; median ends blunt. Leg chaetotaxy as in Fig. 25, except fI-v4, fI-p2–4, fII-v2, fIII-v2 absent; cI-d1, cI-v3, tII-d1 not visible in the material examined; cIII-v2–3 of about equal length.
Abdomen (Figs 114–115) oval. Abdominal chaetotaxy as in Table 2. Tergopleurites hook-shaped, encircling spiracle openings; tergopleurites II–IX+X in male and tergopleurites II–VIII in female widely separated medianly; tergopleurite IX+X in female continuous with lateral section of tergopleurite XI. Sternal plates with concave lateral margins; only anterior and posterior margin pigmented in female. Antero-lateral corners of tergopleurites thickened, but plates do not reach lateral margins of abdomen. Abdominal setae generally thick. Male subgenital plate of irregular shape, reaching posterior margin of abdomen. Female subgenital plate roughly triangular; anterior margin pigmented; distally reaches vulval margin where it flares; postero-lateral margins thickened. Vulval margin (Fig. 121) with slender vms, thorn-like vss; vos follow lateral margins of subgenital plate.
Basal apodeme (Fig. 118) constricted at mid-length, anterior end pointed. Proximal mesosome trapezoidal. Gonopore (Fig. 119) slight, open distally, associated anteriorly with lateral extensions. Mesosomal lobes elongated, rugose; lateral and distal margins serrated; ames and pmes not visible. Parameral heads (Fig. 120) blunt. Parameral blades elongated, slender; distinct heel at about half length (Fig. 82); pst1 not visible; pst2 microseta, lateral near distal tip of paramere.
Host distribution. Presently known only from the host genus Pomatostomus. We have seen some specimens from P. superciliosus ashbyi Mathews, 1911, but these are too poorly preserved to compare with the material from P. temporalis strepitans.
Geographical range. New Guinea.
Etymology. The name Anarchonirmus is ultimately derived from Greek “ an- ” for “without” and “archos ” for “leader”. “Anarchy” usually denotes a form of socialist society in which there are no hierarchies or leaders. However “ anarchos ” is here used in the derived meaning of “chaotic, unruly”, referring to the wild mixture of morphological characters that defies close association with any of the other genera in the Brueelia -complex. “ Nirmus ” is a common generic suffix in louse taxonomy, referring to Nitzsch’s (1818) genus of the same name. Gender: masculine.
Remarks. Anarchonirmus was not included in the phylogeny of Bush et al. (2016), and its position within the Brueelia -complex is uncertain.
Included species
* Anarchonirmus albovittatus new species
description: Published as part of Bush, Sarah E., 2017, Morphological revision of the hyperdiverse Brueelia - complex (Insecta: Phthiraptera: Ischnocera: Philopteridae) with new taxa, checklists and generic key, pp. 1-443 in Zootaxa 4313 (1) on pages 78-79, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4313.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/883161