cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Selectively pulsed spin order transfer increases parahydrogen-induced NMR amplification of insensitive nuclei and makes polarization transfer more robust
Creators: name: Schmidt, Andreas B.
name: Brahms, Arne
name: Ellermann, Frowin
name: Berner, Stephan
name: Hennig, Jürgen
name: von Elverfeldt, Dominik
name: Herges, Rainer
name: Hövener, Jan-Bernd
name: Pravdivtsev, Andrey N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe a new method for pulsed spin order transfer (SOT) of parahydrogen induced polarization (PHIP) that enables close to 100 % polarization in incompletely 2H-labeled molecules by exciting only the desired protons in a frequency-selective manner. While a selective pulse (SP) on 1H at the beginning of pulsed SOT had been considered before, using SPs during the SOT suppresses undesired indirect spin-spin interactions. As a result, we achieved a more robust SOT for the SP variants of the phINEPT+ sequence that we refer to as phSPINEPT+. Thereby, for the first time, we report a sequence that is effective for all weakly coupled spin systems. Our simulations show that the method converts close to 100 % of the parahydrogen-derived spin order into 13C hyperpolarization in weakly coupled three-spin systems and partially or fully 2H-labeled molecules if relaxation is neglected. Experimentally we demonstrate high hyperpolarization of 13C with 15.8 % for 1-13C-hydroxyethyl propionate-d3 and 12.6 % for 1-13C-ethyl acetate-d6, which corresponds to ~47 % and ~38 % if the enrichment of parahydrogen had been 100 %. Even in non-2H-labeled molecules, a remarkable 13C polarization is achieved, e.g. up to 20 % were simulated for 100 % pH2, and 1.25 % were obtained experimentally for 1-13C-ethyl pyruvate and 50 % pH2, which can be further improved by faster hydrogenation. As a result, full deuterium labeling may no longer be required e.g., when new PHIP agents are investigated, the synthesis of fully deuterated molecules is too complex, or when a kinetic isotope effect regarding the metabolic conversion rate of an agent is to be avoided. Using SPs during SOT seems very promising and may be extended to other sequences in the context of PHIP and be-yond to make them less prone to experimental imperfections or real molecular environments.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures and supporting materials
Creativity in extreme human environments: astronauts and space
Creators: name: Herie De Vries
Publisher: name: F1000 Research Limited
Year: 2019

description: Proposition of a new research domain of creativity. Within a multivariate theory of creativity, the environment influences creative potential. Creative performance within extreme environments needs to be investigated and can be applied to several domains. Astronauts on long duration flights in space, an example of an extreme human environment, need their creative potential to invent creative solutions.
Empiricism and Mathematical Knowledge
Creators: name: Leeper, Gideon J.
Publisher: name: California Institute of Technology
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Hixon Prize for Writing
subject: Empiricism
subject: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Humanities
subject: FOS: Humanities

description: Empiricism asserts that sensory perceptions and experiences are the basis of all
knowledge, i.e. essentially everything we know has either been directly perceived or deduced
from perceived knowledge. This would seem to conflict with the wealth of mathematical
knowledge that we have accrued as a civilization. Mathematics consists primarily of facts
concerning ideal objects, such as topological spaces, groups, and categories, which we have never
encountered in physical reality, and cannot reasonably expect to. Then from an empiricist
perspective, it seems impossible for us to know so much about these objects, when there is no
sensory experience on which we can base our knowledge. I first assert that mathematical
knowledge is not knowledge in the sense used by empiricists, and thus its existence does not
conflict with their views. However, I argue that first-hand mathematical knowledge, specifically
one's belief in the validity of a proof, in some sense has an empirical component.
An implicit split-operator algorithm for the nonlinear time-dependent Schrödinger equation
Creators: name: Roulet, Julien
name: Vaníček, Jiří
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The explicit split-operator algorithm is often used for solving the linear and nonlinear time-dependent Schrödinger equations. However, when applied to certain nonlinear time-dependent Schrödinger equations, this algorithm loses time reversibility and second-order accuracy, which makes it very inefficient. Here, we propose to overcome the limitations of the explicit split-operator algorithm by abandoning its explicit nature. We describe a family of high-order implicit split-operator algorithms that are norm-conserving, time-reversible, and very efficient. The geometric properties of the integrators are proven analytically and demonstrated numerically on the local control of a two-dimensional model of retinal. Although they are only applicable to separable Hamiltonians, the implicit split-operator algorithms are, in this setting, more efficient than the recently proposed integrators based on the implicit midpoint method.
Nonlinear superconducting circuit elements for quantum technologies : from design to experiment
Creators: name: Elkholy, Karim
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2022

description: Nonlinearity in superconducting devices has proved to be an essential part of quantum computing. It produces the anharmonicity needed for superconducting qubits, gives rise to parametric amplification, and enhances qubit readout. Although nonlinearity has been thoroughly investigated in Josephson Junction-based devices (JJ), the performance of single JJ devices is hampered by higher-order nonlinearities, and JJ arrays that can overcome this are difficult to fabricate. Moreover, JJ devices suffer from small critical currents, which limits the dynamic range of the device. This spurred the interest towards investigating the Nanowire (NW)-based kinetic inductance devices that offer a naturally distributed non-linearity, ease of fabrication and higher critical currents. Although they have been demonstrated as near-ideal parametric amplifiers, they suffer from weak inductance tunability (weaker nonlinearity) than JJ devices which is a key property in some applications. In this thesis, we investigate two different designs of a more tunable NW-based inductor that tackle the challenges found in the state-of-the-art superconducting devices whose tunability was limited to around 28% using the kinetic inductance of a single wire. They are based on different approaches where we tune either penetration depth or kinetic inductance. The latter proposal is more sophisticated yet more promising, so it is what we proceed our experiment with. The novel device works by sharing current between parallel inductors with different critical currents and inductances, in order to reduce the impact of fluctuations, e.g., thermal noise or vortices, on tunability in the state-of-the-art. We measured a tunability of 1.6% in this device, higher than the measured 0.4% in our realization of the typical single-wire device. Further investigation is needed to understand this, and to investigate whether or not the tunability can be increased beyond 28%.
Visualization techniques for data mining of Latur district satellite imagery
Creators: name: Kodge, B. G.
name: Hiremath, P. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science (cs.CE)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: D.1.7; H.2.8; I.4.6

description: This study presents a new visualization tool for classification of satellite imagery. Visualization of feature space allows exploration of patterns in the image data and insight into the classification process and related uncertainty. Visual Data Mining provides added value to image classifications as the user can be involved in the classification process providing increased confidence in and understanding of the results. In this study, we present a prototype visualization tool for visual data mining (VDM) of satellite imagery. The visualization tool is showcased in a classification study of highresolution imageries of Latur district in Maharashtra state of India.
description: This paper has been withdrawn by the author
Soziologie der Steinzeit – die Anfänge des Denkens von der Höhlenmalerei zur Hochkultur am Göbekli Tepe
Creators: name: Hennings, Lars
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Archäologie (1) Entwicklungspsychologie (1) Göbekli Tepe (1) Höhlenmalerei (1) Linguistik (1) Neurowissenschaft (1) Soziologie (1) Sumer (1) Steinzeit (1) Jungpaläolithikum (1) Kognition (1) Emotion (1) Sprache (1) Denken

description: Druck 80 S.: https://www.bod.de/buchshop/soziologie-der-steinzeit-die-anfaenge-des-denkens-von-der-hoehlenmalerei-zur-hochkultur-am-goebekli-tepe-lars-hennings-9783732286492

Der vorläufig letzte Stand meiner Analysen zum Jung-Paläolithikum ist zwar in dem Band: „Anfänge des Denkens #2 : Materialien zu einer interdiszi­plinären Soziologie der Steinzeit – von der Höhlenmalerei zur Hochkultur am Göbekli Tepe“ (2018) weitgehend enthalten. Doch war darin der nicht immer geradlinige Forschungsprozess spürbar und der Einstieg durch mehrere Einfüh­rungen nicht leicht. In diesem allgemein verständlichen Aufsatz wird nun im Teil Ain aller Kürze eine generelle Begründung dafür gegeben, mit der Sozio­logie als Leitwissenschaft 40.000 Jahre zurückblicken zu können; er enthält zudem einige neuere Erkenntnisse. Im Teil Bwird, auf den bisherigen Überle­gungen aufbauend, die thesenhaften Suche nach der individuellen geistigen Ent­wicklung fortgeführt. Gerade dazu ist beim Lesen die Bereitschaft gefragt, mir ersteinmal phantasievoll zu folgen, bevor die Kritik einsetzt. Schliesslich fehlen für jene frühe Zeit nicht nur Begriffe, sondern überhaupt Grundlagen. Zuletzt folgt ein Teil C- Anhang zu Bewusstsein, Epigenese, Stress und Kognition.
Additional file 1 of Membrane recruitment of Atg8 by Hfl1 facilitates turnover of vacuolar membrane proteins in yeast cells approaching stationary phase
Creators: name: He, Cheng-Wen
name: Cui, Xue-Fei
name: Ma, Shao-Jie
name: Xu, Qin
name: Ran, Yan-Peng
name: Chen, Wei-Zhi
name: Mu, Jun-Xi
name: Li, Hui
name: Zhu, Jing
name: Gong, Qingqiu
name: Xie, Zhiping
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 1: Figure S1. EVT is a general process for integral vacuolar membrane proteins. Figure S2. Testing the potential role of Atg proteins in EVT. Figure S3. EVT is distinct from PMN and VID. Figure S4. EVT does not require the VTC complex and the EGO complex. Figure S5. EVT is distinct from NPC-dependent lipophagy. Figure S6. The role of ESCRT proteins in EVT. Figure S7. Hfl1 interacts and functions together with Atg8. Figure S8. Relationship between Hfl1 and Atg8.
O'ZBEKISTON RESPUBLIKASINING YANGILANGAN KONSTITUSIYASI – JAMOAT XAVFSIZLIGINI TA'MINLASHDA FUQAROLAR ISHTIROKINING MUHIM HUQUQIY ASOSI
Creators: name: Ziyodullayev, M.Z.
name: Yuldashev, M.O.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: О'zbekiston Respublikasi milliy davlatchilik tarixida 2023-yil о'ziga xos о'rin egallagan yil bо'ldi. Chunki, о'tkazilgan umumxalq referendumi natijalariga kо'ra 2023-yil 30-aprelda О'zbekiston Respublikasining yangilangan Konstitusiyasi qabul qilindi. Бинобарин, ҳар бир давлат ўз истиқлол ва тараққиёт йўлини танлар экан, халқ фаровонлигини таъминлашга хизмат қиладиган энг муҳим мақсад ва вазифаларини ўзининг Конституцияси – Асосий қонунида мустаҳкамлаб олади
Multi-purpose PVX : presentation and expression of enzymes and VLPs
Creators: name: Burnett, David Alexander
Publisher: name: The University of St Andrews
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: PVX
subject: Viral nanoparticles
subject: Plant virus
subject: Enzymatic nanoparticles
subject: Nanotechnology
subject: FOS: Nanotechnology

description: Viral nanoparticles represent ideal nanomaterials, they replicate to high numbers, self-assemble into defined structures, and have many options for functionalisation. Presentation of heterologous peptides and proteins on the surface of nanoparticles is an area of growing research interest with far-ranging applications from vaccines to biocatalysts. Plant viral particles represent ideal candidates for this purpose as they are non-infectious to humans, replicate to extremely high titres and can be produced relatively cheaply. This study aims to investigate the potential of Potato virus X (PVX) as a platform for the presentation of enzymes in order to generate catalytically active nanoparticles. Presentation of enzymes on nanoparticles has the potential to increase the stability, reusability, and reaction rate of presented enzymes. This thesis also aims to investigate the ability of PVX to provide whole plant systemic overexpression of heterologous proteins and viral like particles. The knowledge gained is important to further development of plant viral nanoparticles as a technology and to the utilisation of PVX as a nanomaterial.
Negative effective magnetic pressure in turbulent convection
Creators: name: Käpylä, P. J.
name: Brandenburg, A.
name: Kleeorin, N.
name: Mantere, M. J.
name: Rogachevskii, I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the effects of weakly and strongly stratified turbulent convection on the mean effective Lorentz force, and especially on the mean effective magnetic pressure. Earlier studies with isotropically forced non-stratified and stratified turbulence have shown that the contribution of the turbulence to the mean magnetic pressure is negative for mean horizontal magnetic fields that are smaller than the equipartition strength, so that the effective mean magnetic pressure that takes into account the turbulence effects, can be negative. Compared with earlier cases of forced turbulence with an isothermal equation of state, we find that the turbulence effect is similar to or even stronger in the present case of turbulent convection. This is argued to be due to the anisotropy of turbulence in the vertical direction. Another important difference compared with earlier studies is the presence of an evolution equation for the specific entropy. Mean-field modelling with entropy evolution indicates that the negative effective magnetic pressure can still lead to a large-scale instability which forms local flux concentrations, even though the specific entropy evolution tends to have a stabilizing effect when applied to a stably stratified (e.g., isothermal) layer. It is argued that this large-scale instability could be important for the formation of solar large-scale magnetic structures such as active regions.
description: 10 pages, 11 figures, MNRAS, published version
A model independent analysis of gluonic pole matrix elements and universality of TMD fragmentation functions
Creators: name: Gamberg, Leonard
name: Mukherjee, Asmita
name: Mulders, Piet J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Gluonic pole matrix elements explain the appearance of single spin asymmetries (SSA) in high-energy scattering processes. They involve a combination of operators which are odd under time reversal (T-odd). Such matrix elements appear in principle both for parton distribution functions and parton fragmentation functions. We show that for parton fragmentation functions these gluonic pole matrix elements vanish as a consequence of the analytic structure of scattering amplitudes in Quantum Chromodynamics. This result is important in the study of the universality of transverse momentum dependent (TMD) fragmentation functions.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures, version to appear in Phys. Rev. D
Global Existence and Regularity for the 3D Stochastic Primitive Equations of the Ocean and Atmosphere with Multiplicative White Noise
Creators: name: Debussche, Arnaud
name: Glatt-Holtz, Nathan
name: Temam, Roger
name: Ziane, Mohammed
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35Q86, 60H15, 35Q35

description: The Primitive Equations are a basic model in the study of large scale Oceanic and Atmospheric dynamics. These systems form the analytical core of the most advanced General Circulation Models. For this reason and due to their challenging nonlinear and anisotropic structure the Primitive Equations have recently received considerable attention from the mathematical community. In view of the complex multi-scale nature of the earth's climate system, many uncertainties appear that should be accounted for in the basic dynamical models of atmospheric and oceanic processes. In the climate community stochastic methods have come into extensive use in this connection. For this reason there has appeared a need to further develop the foundations of nonlinear stochastic partial differential equations in connection with the Primitive Equations and more generally. In this work we study a stochastic version of the Primitive Equations. We establish the global existence of strong, pathwise solutions for these equations in dimension 3 for the case of a nonlinear multiplicative noise. The proof makes use of anisotropic estimates, $L^{p}_{t}L^{q}_{x}$ estimates on the pressure and stopping time arguments.
description: To appear in Nonlinearity
Forschungsbericht zum Praxisprojekt "Babylotse"
Creators: name: Blücher, Charlotte Yuma
name: Emigholz, Florentine
name: Packheiser, Lena
Publisher: name: Hochschule Bremen
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Praxisforschung
subject: Frühe Hilfe
subject: 360

description: Der vorliegende Forschungsbericht beschäftigt sich mit dem Thema: „Erfolgsfaktoren und Stolpersteine in der interprofessionellen Zusammenarbeit in stationären Settings der Frühen Hilfen am Beispiel von ‚Babylotse‘“.
Tunneling of Dirac particles from accelerating and rotating black holes
Creators: name: Gillani, Usman A.
name: Saifullah, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Hawking radiation from black holes has been studied as a phenomenon of quantum tunneling of particles through their horizons. We have extended this approach to study the tunneling of Dirac particles from a large class of black holes which includes those with acceleration and rotation as well. We have calculated the tunneling probability of incoming and outgoing particles, and recovered the correct Hawking temperature by this method.
description: Corrections done, modifications made, references added; to appear in Phys. Lett. B
Search for long lasting electronic coherence using on-the-fly ab initio semiclassical dynamics
Creators: name: Scheidegger, Alan
name: Vaníček, Jiří
name: Golubev, Nikolay V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using a combination of high-level ab initio electronic structure methods with efficient on-the-fly semiclassical evaluation of nuclear dynamics, we performed a massive scan of small polyatomic molecules searching for a long lasting oscillatory dynamics of the electron density triggered by the outer-valence ionization. We observed that in most of the studied molecules, the sudden removal of an electron from the system either does not lead to the appearance of the electronic coherence, or the created coherences become damped by the nuclear rearrangement on a time scale of a few femtoseconds. However, we report several so far unexplored molecules with the electronic coherences lasting up to 10 fs which can be good candidates for experimental studies. In addition, we present the full-dimensional simulations of the electronic coherences coupled to nuclear motion in several molecules which were studied previously only in the fixed nuclei approximation.
A Non-Archimedean Interior Point Method for Solving Lexicographic Multi-Objective Quadratic Programming Problems
Creators: name: Fiaschi, Lorenzo
name: Cococcioni, Marco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 90C20, 90C51, 90-08, 03H10

description: This work presents a generalized implementation of the infeasible primal-dual Interior Point Method (IPM) achieved by the use of non-Archimedean values, i.e., infinite and infinitesimal numbers. The extended version, called here non-Archimedean IPM (NA-IPM), is proved to converge in polynomial time to a global optimum and to be able to manage infeasibility and unboundedness transparently, i.e., without considering them as corner cases: by means of a mild embedding (addition of two variables and one constraint) NA-IPM implicitly and transparently manages their possible presence. Moreover, the new algorithm is able to solve a wider variety of linear and quadratic optimization problems than its standard counterpart. Among them, the lexicographic multi-objective one deserves particular attention, since NA-IPM overcomes the issues that standard techniques (such as scalarization or preemptive approach) have. To support the theoretical properties of NA-IPM, the manuscript also shows four linear and quadratic non-Archimedean programming test cases where the effectiveness of the algorithm is verified. This also stresses that NA-IPM is not just a mere symbolic or theoretical algorithm but actually a concrete numerical tool, paving the way for its use in real-world problems in the near future.
Using variable rate irrigation to mitigate nutrient losses
Creators: name: Our Land And Water National Science Challenge
Publisher: name: AgResearch
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 410404
subject: Environmental management

description: Variable rate irrigation (VRI), where the application rate of irrigation water across an area changes depending on soil type and other factors, can also decrease leaching losses of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P).
This factsheet is for dairy farmers and irrigation scheme leaders. Guidance prepared by Our Land and Water National Science Challenge
Flavored Co-annihilations
Creators: name: Choudhury, Debtosh
name: Garani, Raghuveer
name: Vempati, Sudhir K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Neutralino dark matter in supersymmetric models is revisited in the presence of flavor violation in the soft supersymmetry breaking sector. We focus on flavor violation in the sleptonic sector and study the implications for the co-annihilation regions. Flavor violation is introduced by a single $\tildeμ_R-\tildeτ_R$ insertion in the slepton mass matrix. Limits on this insertion from BR($τ\to μ+ γ$) are weak in some regions of the parameter space where cancellations happen within the amplitudes. We look for overlaps in parameter space where both the co-annihilation condition as well as the cancellations within the amplitudes occur. In mSUGRA, such overlap regions are not existent, whereas they are present in models with non-universal Higgs boundary conditions (NUHM). The effect of flavor violation is two fold: (a) it shifts the co-annihilation regions towards lighter neutralino masses (b) the co-annihilation cross sections would be modified with the inclusion of flavor violating diagrams which can contribute significantly. Even if flavor violation is within the presently allowed limits, this is sufficient to modify the thermally averaged cross-sections by about (10-15)% in mSUGRA and (20-30)% in NUHM, depending on the parameter space. In the overlap regions, the flavor violating cross sections become comparable and in some cases even dominant to the flavor conserving ones. A comparative study of the channels is presented for mSUGRA and NUHM cases.
description: 38 pages, 28 figures. Significantly expanded and improved version with a new section on channels and new appendices on mSUGRA and cross-sections, version accepted for publication in JHEP
Educational research, epistemology and the desideratum of doubt. Unpacking the complexities of the marshy divide
Creators: name: Hennessy, Jennifer
name: Lynch, Raymond
Publisher: name: University of Limerick
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 39
subject: Education

description: Operating across the ‘marshy epistemological divide’ created between schooling and academia, the role of pre-service teacher researchers presents a unique set of challenges and responsibilities. This paper reports on a follow-up study exploring the attitudes of a multi-disciplinary cohort of graduand teachers towards the use and conduct of educational research at the final stages of their initial teacher education degree programme. The findings of this study highlight the impact of the epistemological swale, born within the theory practice divide, on graduand pre-service teacher researchers prior to their entry into in-career service. A widespread commitment to consensualism and crystallisation of reductionist research pre-conception is evidenced within this study. The findings of thisfollow-up study also provide a concomitant mapping of pre-service teacher researcher identity maturation from the point of entry onto their programme of study to graduand stage. Arising from the research findings, the authors advance the desideratum of doubt in an educational context beset with the quest for certainty and outline the need for a multi-level response to enhancing pre-service teachers’ commitment to educational research across all career stages.
Primordial beryllium as a big bang calorimeter
Creators: name: Pospelov, Maxim
name: Pradler, Josef
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Many models of new physics including variants of supersymmetry predict metastable long-lived particles that can decay during or after primordial nucleosynthesis, releasing significant amounts of non-thermal energy. The hadronic energy injection in these decays leads to the formation of ^9Be via the chain of non-equilibrium transformations: Energy_h -> T, ^3He -> ^6He, ^6Li -> ^9Be. We calculate the efficiency of this transformation and show that if the injection happens at cosmic times of a few hours, the release of 10 MeV per baryon can be sufficient for obtaining a sizable ^9Be abundance. The absence of a plateau-structure in the ^9Be/H abundance down to a 10^{-14} level allows one to use beryllium as a robust constraint on new physics models with decaying or annihilating particles.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures; matches published version in PRL
Towards accurate ultrasound-based tissue typing for prostate cancer diagnosis
Creators: name: Javadi, Golara
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2022

description: Ultrasound-guided needle biopsy with pathologic grading is the standard-of-care to guide the systematic biopsy of the prostate. Systematic transrectal ultrasound is blind to prostate pathology; and diagnostic accuracy is still one of the main clinical challenges in prostate cancer treatment and management. Hence, there is a clear need for improving US data and providing solutions to guide the biopsy procedure. Several methods including temporal enhanced UltraSound have been proposed to improve US-based tissue typing. The ultimate clinical goal is to display the cancer likelihood maps on B-mode ultrasound images in real time to help with indication of cancer in the core, decision support for biopsy targeting, and eventually reduc- ing the number of unnecessary biopsies. The objective of this dissertation is to deploy this by integration of temporal enhanced UltraSound and machine learning approaches. Towards fulfilling this objective, in this dissertation a weakly super- vised learning technique is utilized to learn from ultrasound image regions associ- ated with the corresponding data on patient level. To improve the prostate cancer detection we consider the nonstationarity nature of the data and use a complex neural network to find a better representation of the data in the embedding space for a better classification. Later, we automate reliable detection by estimating the model and label uncertainty. We finally show in order to improve the performance of prostate cancer classification, the label noise needs to be considered and in this work, the latter is done by implementing a label refinement technique.
Divided Differences & Restriction Operator on Paley-Wiener Spaces $PW_{tau}^{p}$ for $N-$Carleson Sequences
Creators: name: Gaunard, Frederic
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: For a sequence of complex numbers $Λ$ we consider the restriction operator $R_Λ$ defined on Paley-Wiener spaces $PW_τ^{p}$ ($1
Prime values of $f(a,b^2)$ and $f(a,p^2)$, $f$ quadratic
Creators: name: Xiao, Stanley Yao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11N32

description: We prove an asymptotic formula for primes of the shape $f(a,b^2)$ with $a,b$ integers and of the shape $f(a,p^2)$ with $p$ prime. Here $f$ is a binary quadratic form with integer coefficients, irreducible over $\mathbb{Q}$ and has no local obstructions. This refines the seminal work of Friedlander and Iwaniec on primes of the form $x^2 + y^4$ and Heath-Brown and Li on primes of the form $a^2 + p^4$, as well as earlier work of the author with Lam and Schindler on primes of the form $f(a,p)$ with $f$ a positive definite form.
description: 45 pages
A Simple Graphical Framework for the Acquisition of Basic C Programming Skills
Creators: name: Srdan, Mihic; Dragan, Ivetic
Publisher: name: Editura Universitara
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: 0 Social sciences
subject: 37 Education
subject: 371 Instructional design
subject: 004:37 Elearning

description: The introductory (and only) C programming course at the freshmen s year of Animation Engineering (AE) degree proved to be a challenge, despite 20 years of experience in teaching  programming courses. Examples of data abstraction and understanding of control structures and expressions in the C programming language had to be brought closer to students who have shown interest in computer graphics and animation, and thus have chosen to pursue AE degree.
f(T) Gravity and local Lorentz invariance
Creators: name: Li, Baojiu
name: Sotiriou, Thomas P.
name: Barrow, John D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that in theories of generalised teleparallel gravity, whose Lagrangians are algebraic functions of the usual teleparallel Lagrangian, the action and the field equations are not invariant under local Lorentz transformations. We also argue that these theories appear to have extra degrees of freedom with respect to general relativity. The usual teleparallel Lagrangian, which has been extensively studied and leads to a theory dynamically equivalent to general relativity, is an exception. Both of these facts appear to have been overlooked in the recent literature on f(T) gravity, but are crucial for assessing the viability of these theories as alternative explanations for the acceleration of the universe.
description: 4 pages, no figure; v2: Added discussion about modifying the theory in order to make it manifestly Lorentz covariant and one reference; v3: minor changes to match published version
Is intravenous recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (r-tPA) safe in patients on Dabigatran?
Creators: name: Zeenat Qureshi Stroke Institutes
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Introduction—Dabigatran etexilate is a newly approved oral anticoagulant indicated for stroke prevention in nonvalvular atrial fibrillation. There are no reliable, rapidly available laboratory markers to assess its anticoagulant activity. There is no data on the safety of r-tPA on patients who are on dabigatran and it is not known whether r-tPA is safe in patients who are on dabigatran with a normal activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT). Case report—We report the case of a 59-year-old male who is reported with right hemiparesis and global aphasia. Two days prior to admission he underwent elective cardioversion for atrial fibrillation. He had begun dabigatran at 150 mg BID 3 days before cardioversion. Five days after commencing dabigatran, and 10 h after the last oral dose he presented with these symptoms. Patient fulfilled the criteria for r-tPA including a normal aPTT (30 s), normal prothrombin time (INR = 1.0) and a normal creatinine clearance (glomerular filtration rate >60 mL/min/1.73 m2 ). A brain CT without contrast was normal. After extensive discussion with the family, with clear understanding of the risks and benefits of such an approach in a patient who has been on dabigatran, consent was obtained, and r-tPA (0.9 mg/kg alteplase) was given. Patient's hospital course remained uncomplicated and he was discharged 4 days after the initial symptoms to an acute rehabilitation facility and is currently on coumadin with INR therapeutic goal between 2 and 3. Conclusion—More studies are needed to asses whether r-tPA might be safe in patients who are on dabigatran with a normal activated partial thromboplastin time and more than 10 h after the last dose.
Symmetry constraints on spin order transfer in parahydrogen-induced polarization (PHIP)
Creators: name: Pravdivtsev, Andrey N.
name: Barskiy, Danila A.
name: Hövener, Jan-Bernd
name: Koptyug, Igor V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is well known that the association of parahydrogen (pH2) with an unsaturated molecule or a transient metalorganic complex can enhance the intensity of NMR signals; the effect is known as parahydrogen-induced polarization (PHIP). During the last decades, numerous methods were proposed for converting pH2-derived nuclear spin order to the observable magnetization of pro-tons or other nuclei of interest, usually 13C or 15N. Here, we analyze the constraints imposed by the topological symmetry of the spin systems on the amplitude of transferred polarization. In asymmetric systems, heteronuclei can be polarized to 100%. However, the amplitude drops to 75% in A2BX systems and further to 50% in A3B2X systems. The latter case is of primary importance for biological applications of PHIP using sidearm hydrogenation (PHIP-SAH). If the polarization is transferred to the same type of nuclei, i.e. 1H, symmetry constraints impose significant boundaries on the spin-order distribution. For AB, A2B, A3B, A2B2, AA'(AA') systems, the maxi-mum average polarization for each spin is 100%, 50%, 33.3%, 25%, and 0, respectively, when A and B (or A') came from pH2 We also discuss the effect of dipole-dipole induced pH2 spin-order distribution in heterogeneous catalysis or nematic liquid crystals. Practical examples from the literature illustrate our theoretical analysis.
description: 25 pages, 6 figures, appendix A and B
STM imaging of symmetry-breaking structural distortion in the Bi-based cuprate superconductors
Creators: name: Zeljkovic, Ilija
name: Main, Elizabeth J.
name: Williams, Tess L.
name: Boyer, M. C.
name: Chatterjee, Kamalesh
name: Wise, W. D.
name: Yin, Yi
name: Zech, Martin
name: Pivonka, Adam
name: Kondo, Takeshi
name: Takeuchi, T.
name: Ikuta, Hiroshi
name: Wen, Jinsheng
name: Xu, Zhijun
name: Gu, G. D.
name: Hudson, E. W.
name: Hoffman, Jennifer E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A complicating factor in unraveling the theory of high-temperature (high-Tc) superconductivity is the presence of a "pseudogap" in the density of states, whose origin has been debated since its discovery [1]. Some believe the pseudogap is a broken symmetry state distinct from superconductivity [2-4], while others believe it arises from short-range correlations without symmetry breaking [5,6]. A number of broken symmetries have been imaged and identified with the pseudogap state [7,8], but it remains crucial to disentangle any electronic symmetry breaking from pre-existing structural symmetry of the crystal. We use scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) to observe an orthorhombic structural distortion across the cuprate superconducting Bi2Sr2Can-1CunO2n+4+x (BSCCO) family tree, which breaks two-dimensional inversion symmetry in the surface BiO layer. Although this inversion symmetry breaking structure can impact electronic measurements, we show from its insensitivity to temperature, magnetic field, and doping, that it cannot be the long-sought pseudogap state. To detect this picometer-scale variation in lattice structure, we have implemented a new algorithm which will serve as a powerful tool in the search for broken symmetry electronic states in cuprates, as well as in other materials.
description: 4 figures
UniSAFE final conference: Pathways for change: steps ahead
Creators: name: Linková, Marcela
name: Rueda, Silvia
name: Mergaert, Lut
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: The session was presented by Marcela Linková; Co-Chair of ERA Action 5 on inclusive gender equality implementation, Silvia Rueda; Advisory Member in the Cabinet of the Spanish Minister of Science and Innovation, Director of the Women and Science Unit, Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation, Lut Mergaert; Research Director and Senior Consultant at Yellow Windowat UniSAFE final conference in Namur, 22. November. 
The session highlights the importance of integrating care into EU policy making on gender-based violence in Research and Innovation (R&I). It emphasizes the ambition to address gender-based violence within the European Research Area, covering issues like sexual harassment in Higher Education (HE) and R&I. Besdides, The session covers the EU's Gender Equality Strategy 2020-2025, ERA Policy Agenda 2022-2024, and Spain's efforts to support gender equality in research. It highlights the idea of "effective equality" and points out the Spanish Presidency's active role in contributing to the ERA Policy Agenda. Finally, the session shares insights from UniSAFE, revealing that gender-based violence is a widespread systemic problem. It emphasizs that this issue does not impact individuals in academia uniformly, with certain groups experiencing disproportionate suffering. Additionally, the presentation touched upon underexplored issues within the UniSAFE framework.
Vitamin D deficiency and osteoporosis in stroke survivors: an analysis of National Health and Nutritional Examination Survey (NHANES)
Creators: name: Zeenat Qureshi Stroke Institutes
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Background and purpose—An inverse association between 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) levels and stroke was emphasized in recent studies. Our objective was to determine the rate of Vitamin D deficiency and risk of associated osteoporosis among stroke survivors in a nationally representative population. Methods—Participants from the National Health and Nutritional Examination Survey (NHANES) from 2001 to 2006 were included. Stroke survivors were then divided into two groups depending on serum 25(OH)D levels: <30 ng/dl as Vitamin D deficiency and ≥30 ng/dl as normal. Comparisons of demographics and risk factors between two groups were performed using SAS software. Multivariate analysis was performed to determine the association between Vitamin D deficiency and osteopororis in stroke survivors after adjusting for potential confounding factors. Results—There were 415 (4.0%) stroke survivors among 10,255 participants in NHANES. The mean age (±SD) of stroke survivors was 67.6 (±17.3) years and 211 (50.8%) were men. Mean 25(OH)D concentrations were not significantly different in patients with stroke (20.3 versus 21.8 ng/ml, p = 0.65) although the rate of osteoporosis was significantly higher among stroke survivors (17.9% versus 6.9%, p < 0.0001). Out of 415 stroke patients, Vitamin D deficiency was seen in 71.0% of patients. The rates of osteoporosis were similar between patients with or without Vitamin D deficiency. After adjusting for potential confounders, there was no association between Vitamin D deficiency and osteoporosis. Conclusions—Vitamin D deficiency and osteoporosis are highly prevalent among stroke survivors; however, there does not appear to be a relationship between the two entities.
Progress towards a portable cold-atom pressure standard
Creators: name: Waldock, Perrin A. Z.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2022

description: All existing pressure standards (classical and quantum-based) are large apparatuses - typically, the size of a van or larger. In this thesis, we report on the progress towards building a portable version of a cold-atom based pressure standard which can easily transported by a van instead. Specifically, we discuss - the flexible laser design that can produce 780 nm pump light anywhere in a 26 GHz range and repump light anywhere in a +/- 6.8 GHz range within <1 MHz with no realignment. - the magnetic field coils that can produce gradients in excess of 400 G/cm without changing temperature (provided that >14 mL/s of 10 C to 15 C water is available. - the low-outgassing vacuum chamber that can supply rubidium for measurement while minimizing contamination in the chamber under test. - preliminary results characterizing the performance of its rubidium source and magneto-optical trap. - future plans for the apparatus. This pressure standard leverages the linear relationship between the pressure of a vacuum chamber and loss rate of atoms from a magnetic trap in that chamber. Using the universality of loss rates with respect to trap depth, we can use this apparatus to measure the total collision cross section between the trapped rubidium and any species of collision partner. We can also take advantage of the flexible design of its laser system to quickly alternate measurements between ⁸⁵Rb and ⁸⁷Rb to confirm the universal behaviour of both isotopes. We plan to take the apparatus to Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt in the coming months to compare the cold-atom based standard against their orifice flow standard.
title: Manual of the Matlab Script FAST Calibration v2.4
Creators: name: Ziegler, Moritz
name: Heidbach, Oliver
name: Morawietz, Sophia
name: Wang, Yusen
Publisher: name: GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences
Year: 2023
Subjects: geomechanical-numerical model
stress
in-situ stress
model calibration
stress tensor calibration
modelling tool

description: The 3D geomechanical-numerical modelling aims at a continuous description of the stress state in a subsurface volume. The model is fitted to the model-independent stress data records by adaptation of the displacement boundary conditions. This process is herein referred to as model calibration. Depending on the amount of available stress data records and the complexity of the model the calibration can be a lengthy process of trial-and-error to estimate the best-fit boundary conditions. The tool FAST Calibration (Fast Automatic Stress Tensor Calibration) is a Matlab script that facilitates and speeds up this calibration process. By using a linear regression it requires only three test model scenarios with different displacement boundary conditions to calibrate a geomechanical-numerical model on available stress data records. The differences between the modelled and observed stresses are used for the linear regression that allows to compute the displacement boundary conditions required for the best-fit estimation. The influence of observed stress data records on the best-fit displacement boundary conditions can be weighted. Furthermore, FAST Calibration provides a cross checking of the best-fit estimate against indirect stress information that cannot be used for the calibration process, such as the observation of borehole breakouts or drilling induced fractures. In order to bridge the scale gap between a regional stress model and a local reservoir model, the multistage calibration procedure is applied where a local model is calibrated solely on the stress state provided by a regional model. FAST Calibration provides the necessary tools and guidelines. The script files are provided for download at http://github.com/MorZieg/FAST_Calibration. Tab. 0-1 gives an overview of the folder structure and input files with a short explanation.
description: WSM Technical Report ; 23-02
Agricultural Protection by Nontariff Trade Barriers
Creators: name: Economic Research Service
name: Foreign Agricultural Service
name: Economic Research Service
name: Foreign Agricultural Service
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1963
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
International Relations/Trade

description: Excerpts from the report: Tariffs are well-known means by which governments raise revenue and protect both agricultural and nonagricultural industries. However, much less is known by the general public of the nontariff trade barriers that obstruct commerce. Many countries continue to use import licensing or other controls to regulate foreign exchange payments because of continuing balance of payments problems. Many others, where balance of payments is not a serious problem, nevertheless retain foreign exchange regulations or other nontariff trade controls applicable to imports of farm products. The term nontariff trade controls as used in this analysis includes all forms of import controls applicable to agricultural products, other than (1) import tariffs generally recognized as falling in the category of customs duties, and (2) prohibitions on the importation of unwholesome commodities such as products dangerous to human life, or capable of disseminating disease among domestic plants or animals. This analysis has been made for the purpose of determining the extensiveness of nontariff trade control measures applicable to agricultural products produced in leading exporting and importing countries. No completely satisfactory method of making such a calculation has been found. The method used here is to compare the value of all major commodities or commodity groups produced in each country with the value of production of those items that are covered by nontariff import restrictions. Official publications for each country were used as the sources for production values and the import restrictions.
description: Prepared with assistance of Agricultural Stabilization and Conservation Service, and Statistical Reporting Service.