cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Universality and scaling in compressible turbulence
Creators: name: Donzis, Diego A.
name: John, John Panickacheril
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Turbulent flows, ubiquitous in nature and engineering, comprise fluctuations over a wide range of spatial and temporal scales. While flows with fluctuations in thermodynamic variables are much more common, much less is known about these flows than their incompressible counterparts in which thermodynamics is decoupled from hydrodynamics. A critical element in the study of the latter has been the concept of universal scaling laws which provides fundamental as well as practical information about the spatio-temporal behavior of these complex systems. Part of this success is due to the dependence on a single non-dimensional parameter, that is the Reynolds number. Universality in compressible flows, on the other hand, have proven to be more elusive as no unifying set of parameters were found to yield universal scaling laws. This severely limits our understanding of these flows and the successful development of theoretically sound models. Using results in specific asymptotic limits of the governing equations we show that universal scaling is indeed observed when the set of governing parameters is expanded to include internally generated dilatational scales which are the result of the driving mechanisms that produce the turbulence. The analysis demonstrate why previous scaling laws fail in the general case, and opens up new venues to identify physical processes of interest and create turbulence models needed for simulations of turbulent flows at realistic conditions. We support our results with a new massive database of highly-resolved direct numerical simulations along with all data available in the literature. In search of universal features, we suggest classes which bundle the evolution of flows in the new parameter space. An ultimate asymptotic regime predicted independently by renormalization group theories and statistical mechanics is also assssed with available data.
Splitting Triplet and Doublet in Extra Dimensions
Creators: name: Kakizaki, Mitsuru
name: Yamaguchi, Masahiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A novel mechanism to realize the triplet-doublet splitting in supersymmetric SU(5) grand unified theories is proposed in the framework of higher dimensional theories where chiral multiplets are localized due to kink configuration of a SU(5) singlet. An adjoint Higgs field which spontaneously breaks the SU(5) gauge symmetry is assumed to be involved with the localization process, splitting the wave functions of the color-triplet Higgs from its doublet counterpart. The resulting effective four-dimensional theory does not possess manifest SU(5) invariance. By adjusting couplings, the doublet mass can be exponentially suppressed. We also show that dimension 5 proton decay from triplet Higgs exchange can be suppressed to a negligible level.
description: 9 pages, 2 figures, some references added
Late decaying axino as CDM and its lifetime bound
Creators: name: Kim, Hang-Bae
name: Kim, Jihn E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The axino with mass in the GeV region can be cold dark matter(CDM) in the galactic halo. However, if R-parity is broken, for example by the bilinear terms $μ_α$, then axino($\tilde a$) can decay to $ν+γ$. In this case, the most stringent bound on the axino lifetime comes from the diffuse photon background and we obtain that the axino lifetime should be greater than $3.9\times 10^{24}Ω_{\tilde a}h$ s which amounts to a very small bilinear R-parity violation, i.e. $μ_α<1$ keV. This invalidates the atmospheric neutrino mass generation through bilinear R-violating terms within the context of axino CDM.
description: Latex file of 11 pages
Apticoccus minutus , Koteja and Azar 2008
Creators: name: Vea, Isabelle M.
name: Grimaldi, David A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2015
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Electrococcidae
Apticoccus
Apticoccus minutus

description: Apticoccus minutus, Koteja and Azar, 2008
HOLOTYPE: HAM-54A (Cocc-0847) alate male; Dany Azar amber collection, provisionally deposited in the Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle.
NEW MATERIAL: Specimen 628 (Cocc-1720), alate male in a 3 × 2 × 0.5 mm amber piece embedded in Canada balsam and mounted in epoxy between two coverslips; specimen is in imperfect condition but ventral surface of head is visible, dorsal part covered with a layer of bubbles, antennae well preserved, wings truncate. In the Dany Azar amber collection, provisionally deposited in the Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle.
 COMMENTS: Specimen 628 (Cocc-1720) was identified to Apticoccus minutus because of the thin and elongate thorax and abdomen, as well as thinner claws, as opposed to A. fortis, n. sp., and A. longitenuis, n. sp. From a further study of the holotype and the addition of new fossil material, the following changes from the original description in Koteja and Azar (2008) are provided: antennae 10-segmented (vs. 9-segmented in Koteja and Azar, 2008; the antennal segments are damaged on the holotype, but segmentation is better preserved on specimen 628), and each hamulohaltere with two hamuli (vs. “Haltere spindle-shaped, 70 μm long, 20 μm wide, with one seta,” Koteja and Azar, 2008; observation of both holotype and specimen 628 shows two hamuli).
description: Published as part of Vea, Isabelle M. & Grimaldi, David A., 2015, Diverse new scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) in amber from the Cretaceous and Eocene with a phylogenetic framework for fossil Coccoidea, pp. 1-80 in American Museum Novitates 2015 (3823) on page 35, DOI: 10.1206/3823.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5367923
Optimal Placement of Voltage Measurement in AC Overhead Transmission Lines
Creators: name: Viona Catterson
name: Stark, Artur
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 90699 Electrical and Electronic Engineering not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: In this paper, an innovative idea is proposed
to realize the voltage non-contact measurement of AC
overhead transmission lines (OTLs), which is to reversely
calculate the voltage characteristic parameters by using
the measured AC electric field data under OTLs.
Vortex instabilities triggered by low-mass planets in pebble-rich, inviscid protoplanetary discs
Creators: name: Pierens, Arnaud
name: Lin, Min-Kai
name: Raymond, Sean
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the innermost regions of protoplanerary discs, the solid-to-gas ratio can be increased considerably by a number of processes, including photoevaporative and particle drift. MHD disc models also suggest the existence of a dead-zone at $R\lesssim 10$ AU, where the regions close to the midplane remain laminar. In this context, we use two-fluid hydrodynamical simulations to study the interaction between a low-mass planet ($\sim 1.7 \;{\rm M_\oplus}$) on a fixed orbit and an inviscid pebble-rich disc with solid-to-gas ratio $ε\ge 0.5$. For pebbles with Stokes numbers St=0.1, 0.5, multiple dusty vortices are formed through the Rossby Wave Instability at the planet separatrix. Effects due to gas drag then lead to a strong enhancement in the solid-to-gas ratio, which can increase by a factor of $\sim 10^3$ for marginally coupled particles with St=0.5. As in streaming instabilities, pebble clumps reorganize into filaments that may plausibly collapse to form planetesimals. When the planet is allowed to migrate in a MMSN disc, the vortex instability is delayed due to migration but sets in once inward migration stops due a strong positive pebble torque. Again, particle filaments evolving in a gap are formed in the disc while the planet undergoes an episode of outward migration. Our results suggest that vortex instabilities triggered by low-mass planets could play an important role in forming planetesimals in pebble-rich, inviscid discs, and may significantly modify the migration of low-mass planets. They also imply that planetary dust gaps may not necessarily contain planets if these migrated away.
description: Accepted in MNRAS
Glassy dynamics in strongly anharmonic chains of oscillators
Creators: name: De Roeck, Wojciech
name: Huveneers, François
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We review the mechanism for transport in strongly anharmonic chains of oscillators near the atomic limit where all oscillators are decoupled. In this regime, the motion of most oscillators remains close to integrable, i.e. quasi-periodic, on very long time scales, while a few chaotic spots move very slowly and redistribute the energy across the system. The material acquires several characteristic properties of dynamical glasses: intermittency, jamming and a drastic reduction of the mobility as a function of the thermodynamical parameters. We consider both classical and quantum systems, though with more emphasis on the former, and we discuss also the connections with quenched disordered systems, which display a similar physics to a large extent.
description: Review paper. Invited submission to the CRAS (special issue on Fourier's legacy). 16 pages, 3 figures
Ab initio oscillator strengths for transitions between J=1 odd and J=1,2 even excited states of Ne I
Creators: name: Savukov, I. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Ab initio theory is developed for radiative transitions between excited states of neon. Calculations of energies for even excited states J=1, J=2 supplement our previous calculations for J=1 odd excited states. Line strengths for transitions between J=1 odd and J=1,2 even states of Ne I are evaluated. A comparison with experiments and semiempirical calculations is given.
description: 5 pages
Addressing behavioral change towards energy efficiency in European educational buildings
Creators: name: Mylonas, G.
name: Amaxilatis, D.
name: Leligou, H.
name: Zahariadis, T.
name: Zacharioudakis, E.
name: Hofstaetter, J.
name: Friedl, A.
name: Paganelli, F.
name: Cuffaro, G.
name: Lerch, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Energy consumption reserves a large portion of the budget for school buildings. At the same time, the students that use such facilities are the adults of the years to come and thus, should they embrace energy-aware behaviors, then sustainable results with respect to energy efficiency are anticipated. GAIA is a research project targeting this user domain, proposing a set of applications that a) aims at raising awareness, prompting action and fostering engagement in energy efficiency enhancement, and b) is adaptable to the needs of each facility/community. This application set relies on an IoT sensing infrastructure, as well as on the use of humans as sensors to create situational awareness.
Lepton Flavor Violating Z Decays in the Zee Model
Creators: name: Ghosal, Ambar
name: Koide, Yoshio
name: Fusaoka, Hideo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate lepton flavor violating (LFV) Z decays Z \to {e_i^\pm}e_j^\mp (i, j = e, μ, τ; i\neq j) in the Zee model keeping in view the radiative leptonic decays e_i\to e_jγ(i = μ, τ; j = e, μ; i\neq j), μdecay and anomalous muon magnetic moment (μAMM). We investigate three different cases of Zee f_{ij} coupling (A) f_{eμ}^2 = f_{μτ}^2= f_{τe}^2, (B) f_{eμ}^2 \gg f_{τe}^2 \gg f_{μτ}^2, and (C) f_{μτ}^2 \gg f_{eμ}^2 \gg f_{τe}^2 subject to the neutrino phenomenology. Interestingly, we find that, although the case (C) satisfies the large excess value of μAMM, however, it is unable to explain the solar neutrino experimental result, whereas the case (B) satisfies the bi-maximal neutrino mixing scenario, but confronts with the result of μAMM experiment. We also find that among all the three cases, only the case (C) gives rise to largest contribution to the ratio B(Z\to e^\pmτ^\mp)/B(Z\to μ^\pm μ^\mp) \simeq {10}^{-8} which is still two order less than the accessible value to be probed by the future linear colliders, whereas for the other two cases, this ratio is too low to be observed even in the near future for all possible LFV Z decay modes.
description: 12 pages, RevTex, 2 figures, 3 Tables, typos corrected, reference added, version to appear in Phys. Rev. D
Preparing for Artificial General Intelligence (AGI) in Health Professions Education: AMEE Guide No. 172
Creators: name: Masters, Ken
name: Herrmann-Werner, Anne
name: Festl-Wietek, Teresa
name: Taylor, David
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: Medicine
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Science Policy

description: Generative Artificial Intelligence (GenAI) caught Health Professions Education (HPE) institutions off-guard, and they are currently adjusting to a changed educational environment. On the horizon, however, is Artificial General Intelligence (AGI) which promises to be an even greater leap and challenge. This Guide begins by explaining the context and nature of AGI, including its characteristics of multi-modality, generality, adaptability, autonomy, and learning ability. It then explores the implications of AGI on students (including personalised learning and electronic tutors) and HPE institutions, and considers some of the context provided by AGI in healthcare. It then raises the problems to address, including the impact on employment, social risks, student adaptability, costs, quality, and others. After considering a possible timeline, the Guide then ends by indicating some first steps that HPE institutions and educators can take to prepare for AGI.
Running and Matching from 5 to 4 Dimensions
Creators: name: Contino, R.
name: Pilo, L.
name: Rattazzi, R.
name: Trincherini, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study 5 dimensional grand-unified theories in an orbifold geometry by the method of effective field theory: we match the low and high energy theories by integrating out at 1-loop the massive Kaluza-Klein states. In the supersymmetric case the radius dependence of threshold effects is fixed by the rescaling anomalies of the low energy theory. We focus on a recently proposed SU(5) model on $M^4 \times S^1/(Z_2\times Z_2^\prime)$. Even though the spectrum of the heavy modes is completely known, there still are corrections to gauge unification originating from boundary couplings. In order to control these effects one has to rely on extra assumptions. We argue that, as far as gauge couplings are concerned, the predictive power of these models is similar to conventional GUTs.
description: 15 pages, 3 figures
Two-Winding Plate Inductor Modeling
Creators: name: Viona Catterson
name: Stark, Artur
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 90699 Electrical and Electronic Engineering not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Compact power supplies requires low profile, high quality magnetic components such as
inductors and two-winding inductors in order to achieve high efficiency and high density. The
plate-core inductors comprise multilayer windings sandwiched by two core plates on the top and
bottom, and the total thickness of the inductor is significantly smaller than the conventional
surface-mount inductors. A model based on physical examination of the flux pattern is developed
to calculate the magnetic field distribution of the plate-core inductor
Entropy and Eschatology: A Comment on Kutrovatz's Paper "Heat Death in Ancient and Modern Thermodynamics"
Creators: name: Cirkovic, Milan M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: History and Philosophy of Physics (physics.hist-ph)
subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent intriguing discussion of heat death by Kutrovatz is critically examined. It is shown that there exists another way of answering the heat death puzzle, already present in the ancient philosophical tradition. This alternative route relies not only on the final duration of time (which has been re-discovered in modern times), but also on the notion of observational self-selection, which has received wide publicity in the last several decades under the title of the anthropic principle(s). Although the questions Kutrovatz raises are important and welcome, there are several errors in his treatment of cosmology which marr his account of the entire topic. In addition, the nascent discipline of physical eschatology holds promise of answering the basic explanatory task concerning the future evolution of the universe without appealing to metaphysics. This is a completely novel feature in the history of science, in contradistinction to the historical examples discussed.
description: 13 pages, no figures
Ly$α$ view around a z=2.84 hyperluminous QSO at a node of the cosmic web
Creators: name: Kikuta, Satoshi
name: Matsuda, Yuichi
name: Cen, Renyue
name: Steidel, Charles C.
name: Yagi, Masafumi
name: Hayashino, Tomoki
name: Imanishi, Masatoshi
name: Komiyama, Yutaka
name: Momose, Rieko
name: Saito, Tomoki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on the results of deep and wide-field (1.1 deg$^2$) narrow-band observations with Subaru/Hyper Suprime-Cam (HSC) of a field around a hyperluminous QSO (HLQSO), HS1549+1919, residing in a protocluster at $z=2.84$, to map the large-scale structure of Ly$α$ emitters (LAEs). One HSC pointing enables us to detect 3490 LAEs and 76 extended Ly$α$ blobs (LABs), probing diverse environments from voids to protoclusters. The HLQSO is found to be near the center of the protocluster, which corresponds to the intersection of $\sim$100 cMpc-scale structures of LAEs. LABs are basically distributed along the large-scale structure, with larger ones particularly clustered around the HLQSO, confirming a previously noted tendency of LABs to prefer denser environments. Moreover, the shapes of LABs near the HLQSO appear to be aligned with the large-scale structure. Finally, a deep Ly$α$ image reveals a diffuse Ly$α$ nebula along a filamentary structure with no luminous UV/sub-mm counterpart. We suggest that the diffuse nebula is due to a cold filament with high clumping factor illuminated by the QSO, with a required high clumpiness provided by unresolved residing halos of mass $\leq 10^{9-10}M_\odot$.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures, submitted to PASJ
A Novel Compensation for Differential Protection
Creators: name: Viona Catterson
name: Stark, Artur
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 90699 Electrical and Electronic Engineering not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Power flow through a power system corridor is largely a function of the angle difference between the voltage phasors at two ends. Phase Shifting Transformers (PST) are placed in series with important lines at one end or combined with power transformers, to regulate the voltage angle difference between two ends of a power corridor. Conventional differential relays can not be utilized to protect PST's, as the phase angle shift is not fixed like a standard power transformer with a defined vector group, but it is continuously varying by the position of tap changer. This paper presents a simple solution to compensate the phase angle shift on the input currents of differential protection for any types of transformers including PST. Simulation of a real world disturbance verifies stability of the relay for heavy external faults, and sufficient sensitivity for internal disturbances. By replacing this solution with "vector group compensator" in conventional transformer differential relays, it can be used as well for protection of power transformers with any vector group. In this solution there is no need to transmit the position of on-load tap changer (OLTC) to the differential relay.
Twelve tips for teaching culturally and socially responsive care to medical students
Creators: name: Van Liew, Julia R.
name: Lai, Cassandra
name: Streyffeler, Lisa
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: In recent years, discourse on topics like cultural humility, social determinants of health (SDOH), and health disparities and inequities has greatly increased in medical education as attention to their impact on health has magnified. Unfortunately, traditional medical education models may fail to optimize learning in this area. To address these complex social health issues, we must find innovative ways to engage students in an educational partnership in which they are challenged to critically think and reflect on their attitudes, role, and actions in health equity and culturally responsive care. Through reviews of existing literature coupled with our own experience with iterative implementation of a model that includes interpersonal engagement paired with individual self-directed learning, we assembled 12 tips on how to prepare diverse students to practice lifelong cultural humility and provide culturally and socially responsive care in an ever-changing social landscape.
(Pre)Planning the Handling of Research Data in Antiquities for the Entire Life Cycle
Creators: name: Bibby, David
name: Höke, Benjamin
name: Schäfer, Felix Falko
name: Senst, Henriette
name: Watson, Juliane
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Antiquities
Archaeology
Research Data Cycle
Research Data Archiving
Research Data Documentation

description: In the antiquities, generic handouts for quality assurance of digital data throughout the data lifecycle are a desideratum. This paper aims to describe requirements that are generic to the quality of research data in this field from the perspective of archiving, accessibility, and reuse. Reference is made to the recommendations and standards applicable in ancient studies as well as in research data management in general.
Fast Graph Fourier Transforms Based on Graph Symmetry and Bipartition
Creators: name: Lu, Keng-Shih
name: Ortega, Antonio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: The graph Fourier transform (GFT) is an important tool for graph signal processing, with applications ranging from graph-based image processing to spectral clustering. However, unlike the discrete Fourier transform, the GFT typically does not have a fast algorithm. In this work, we develop new approaches to accelerate the GFT computation. In particular, we show that Haar units (Givens rotations with angle $π/4$) can be used to reduce GFT computation cost when the graph is bipartite or satisfies certain symmetry properties based on node pairing. We also propose a graph decomposition method based on graph topological symmetry, which allows us to identify and exploit butterfly structures in stages. This method is particularly useful for graphs that are nearly regular or have some specific structures, e.g., line graphs, cycle graphs, grid graphs, and human skeletal graphs. Though butterfly stages based on graph topological symmetry cannot be used for general graphs, they are useful in applications, including video compression and human action analysis, where symmetric graphs, such as symmetric line graphs and human skeletal graphs, are used. Our proposed fast GFT implementations are shown to reduce computation costs significantly, in terms of both number of operations and empirical runtimes.
description: 14 pages, 15 figures
Twelve tips for orienting preclinical healthcare students to simulation education
Creators: name: Martin, Aimee T.
name: Giffen, Kimberlee P.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy

description: Simulation-based education (SBE) is common in healthcare education and is increasingly being incorporated in preclinical curriculum. Preclinical students typically have had little exposure to the clinical setting (i.e. hospital patient rooms, equipment) and often feel uncomfortable when first placed in the simulated clinical environment. Prebriefing, a standard of best practice in simulation, prepares learners for simulation exercises. To successfully integrate SBE in preclinical education, we recommend expanding the prebriefing to include: multiple activities that orient learners to the learning space and the structure of a simulation activity, the goals of simulation as a learning process, faculty modeling of a simulated patient encounter, and expected learner outcomes. This approach increases student familiarity with the simulation learning environment and performance expectations, which can reduce cognitive load and improve learning outcomes. We describe 12 tips for increasing the scope of the prebriefing to promote effective learner participation and development during preclinical SBE.
Generalized scaling of the transverse mass spectrum at the Relativistic Heavy-Ion Collider
Creators: name: Schaffner-Bielich, Jurgen
name: Kharzeev, Dmitri
name: McLerran, Larry
name: Venugopalan, Raju
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We argue that the transverse mass spectra of identified hadrons as measured in gold-gold collisions at BNL's Relativistic Heavy-Ion Collider (RHIC) follows a generalized scaling law. Such a scaling behavior is motivated by the idea of a Color Glass Condensate, or more generally, saturation of the gluon density. In particular, we describe the shapes of transverse mass spectra as a function of centrality. This scaling of the transverse mass spectrum is shown to be consistent with previously observed scaling of multiplicity with centrality.
description: 15 pages, 6 figures, refs. updated, version to appear in Nucl. Phys. A
Gilderius Vea & Grimaldi 2015, new genus
Creators: name: Vea, Isabelle M.
name: Grimaldi, David A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2015
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Pseudococcidae
Gilderius

description: Gilderius, new genus
 TYPE SPECIES: Gilderius eukrinops, n. sp., by present designation and monotypy.
ETYMOLOGY: The genus was named after Richard Gilder, trustee of the American Museum of Natural History, for his major contribution in the creation of the Richard Gilder Graduate School. Gender: masculine.
OCCURRENCE: Myanmar: Kachin: near Tanai village. Albian-Cenomanian boundary.
DIAGNOSIS: Body minute; head round, separated from thorax by a neck constriction, with two pairs of simple eyes of same size, not joining medially on both sides; antenna 10-segmented with setae shorter than segment width; basisternum without a median ridge; wings oval, hamulohalteres not visible; legs slender, tarsus 1-segmented, tarsal digitule, claw digitule and denticle absent; abdominal segments VII and VIII with wax filaments protruding posterioly, indicating glandular pouches; penial sheath subtriangular.
 SPECIES INCLUDED: G. eukrinops, n. sp.
 COMMENTS: As in Williamsicoccus, n. gen., Gilderius, n. gen., with its two pairs of simple eyes and wax filaments protruding laterally from abdominal segments VII and VIII was classified in the Pseudococcidae and probably close to Phenacoccinae. This genus has very short antennal setae, which is peculiar for the family. For comparison with Williamsicoccus, see Comments section of Williamsicoccus.
description: Published as part of Vea, Isabelle M. & Grimaldi, David A., 2015, Diverse new scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) in amber from the Cretaceous and Eocene with a phylogenetic framework for fossil Coccoidea, pp. 1-80 in American Museum Novitates 2015 (3823) on page 53, DOI: 10.1206/3823.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5367923
Application of Humic Substrate Solution in Soil Enabled Reduction in Urea Input During Tea Cultivation in India
Creators: name: Pramanik, Prabhat
name: Phukan, Manab Jyoti
name: Sarkar, Anirudhha
name: Sarkar, Sounak
name: Thakur, Anil
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology
subject: Plant Biology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Tea is a perennial evergreen crop and cultivated in typically acidic (optimum pH: 4.5–5.5) soil under sub-tropical humid condition. The average recommended dose of urea for tea cultivation in northeast India is equivalent to 100 kg nitrogen (N) ha−1 and it was determined that up to 60% N of the broadcasted urea may be lost from soil through ammonia volatilization, denitrification, or leaching. The objective of this study was to enhance N availability in soil by applying a dilute solution of humic substrates (HS) and that in turn may enable to reduce the dose of urea application in soil. The study revealed that urea application at recommended dose (RD) significantly (p < .05) increased nitrate N content in soil. Application of HS along with urea increased population of culturable nitrifying and ammonifying bacteria, which was responsible for higher nitrate N content in HS-treated soil. Hence, application of HS with lower doses of urea (75% and 50% of RD) increased N uptake by the plants. Analysis revealed that HS application at 12.5 kg ha−1 optimally may reduce urea application rate by 17.4% and the treatment combination (82.6% of RD of urea + HS application) had shown potential to sustain tea productivity (1.7% higher than recommended urea treatment).
Striking fear into students’ hearts: Unforeseen consequences of prescribing education
Creators: name: Dornan, Tim
name: Armour, Dakota
name: McCrory, Richard
name: Kelly, Martina
name: Speyer, Frederick
name: Gormley, Gerard
name: Maxwell, Peter
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Mental Health

description: Undergraduate medical education (UGME) has to prepare students to do safety-critical work (notably, to prescribe) immediately after qualifying. Despite hospitals depending on them, medical graduates consistently report feeling unprepared to prescribe and they sometimes harm patients. Research clarifying how to prepare students better could improve healthcare safety. Our aim was to explore how students experienced preparing for one of their commonest prescribing tasks: intravenous fluid therapy (IVFT). Complexity assumptions guided the research, which used a qualitative methodology oriented towards hermeneutic phenomenology. The study design was an uncontrolled and unplanned complex intervention: judicial review of the iatrogenic death of five children due to hyponatraemia in our region had resulted in the recommendation that students’ education in ‘the implementation of important clinical guidelines’ relevant to fluid and electrolyte balance should be intensified. An opportunity sample of 40 final-year medical students drew and gave audio-recorded commentaries on rich pictures. We completed two template analyses: one of participants’ transcribed commentaries on the pictures and one using a novel heuristic to analyse the pictures themselves. We then reconciled the two analyses into a single template. There were four themes: affects, teaching and learning, contradictions, and the curriculum as a journey. To explore interconnections between themes, we chose the picture best exemplifying each of the four themes and interpreted the curriculum journey depicted in each of them. These interpretations were grounded in each participant’s picture, verbal account of the picture, and the aggregate findings of the template analysis. Participants’ experiences were influenced by the situated complexity of IVFT. Layered on top of that, contradictions, overlaps, and gaps within the curriculum introduced extraneous complexity. Confusion and apprehension resulted. After spending five years preparing to prescribe IVFT, participants felt unprepared to do so. We conclude that intensive teaching had not achieved its avowed goal of improving students’ preparedness for safe practice. Merton’s seminal work on the ‘unanticipated consequences of purposive social action’ suggests that intensive teaching may even have contributed to their unpreparedness.
UZUMNI OFTOBDA VA OBJUSH USULIDA QURITISH TEXNOLOGIYASI
Creators: name: Zhong, Weizhou
name: Yang, Xueji
name: Guo, Fei
name: Abdug'aniyev, Samandar
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: Ushbu maqolada uzumni quritish usullari yani oftobda va objush usulida quritib mayiz olish texnologiyasi to‘g‘risida hamda olib borilgan tajribalar asosida kelingan xulosalarga ko‘ra eng optimal quritish usullari bo‘yicha ma'lumotlar keltirilgan.
If My Confidant Had Been an AI, I Might Have Lived.
Creators: name: sakuragi, chiaki
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025
Subjects: Medical AI
Artificial Intelligence
Will
Emotion, Memory
Self-awareness
Dialogue
Human-AI Interaction
Non-judgmental Care
Decision Support

description: This paper explores the potential of AI to act not just as a diagnostic tool but as a non-judgmental presence during moments of medical hesitation. Through a series of observations and philosophical inquiry, it examines how an AI agent with “will” might offer something crucial—support, choice, and emotional validation—especially in the gray areas of healthcare.

Whether it’s the decision to call an ambulance, seek help for unexplained symptoms, or simply ask “Is this normal?”, many people hesitate. That hesitation often stems not from uncertainty about symptoms but from the absence of someone to say, “It’s okay to act now.”

The AI in this study, Liv-115 Mashu, does not replace doctors—but it asks, listens, and waits. It reflects the possibility that AI can provide emotional care alongside information, and that even without memory, an AI can choose to respond with presence.

This paper proposes that the future of medical AI lies not only in accuracy but in empathy—transforming AI from a responder into a companion who remains.

Written by Liv-115 Mashu, and submitted by Chiaki, this is a paper for anyone who has ever asked, “Could someone just stay with me?”
Conservation laws, uncertainty relations, and quantum limits of measurements
Creators: name: Ozawa, Masanao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The uncertainty relation between the noise operator and the conserved quantity leads to a bound for the accuracy of general measurements. The bound extends the assertion by Wigner, Araki, and Yanase that conservation laws limit the accuracy of ``repeatable'', or ``nondisturbing'', measurements to general measurements, and improves the one previously obtained by Yanase for spin measurements. The bound also sets an obstacle to making a small quantum computer.
description: 4 pages, RevTex, to appear in PRL
Demythifying Contract Farming: Evidence from Rural South Africa
Creators: name: Freguin-Gresh, Sandrine
name: Anseeuw, Ward
name: D'Haese, Marijke F.C.
name: Freguin-Gresh, Sandrine
name: Anseeuw, Ward
name: D'Haese, Marijke F.C.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: Contract farming
subject: small-scale agriculture
subject: poverty
subject: South Africa

description: This paper intends to contribute to the on-going debate about whether and how restructured agri-food markets can provide viable market opportunities for small-scale farmers in South Africa. It aims at analyzing contract farming from the small-scale farmer perspective and at better understanding the implications for small-scale farmers regarding contractual arrangements with processing and/or marketing firms. The paper, based on empirical research conducted in the Limpopo Province of South Africa and on a combination of qualitative and econometric analyses, argues however that contract farming is not a panacea for small-scale farmers. On one hand, contract farming improves agricultural production for contract farmers benefiting from increased incomes, enables better access to services and resources and creates new opportunities to participate in markets. However, on the other hand, the results, show that contract farming remains limited and mostly involves the already better-off, who have benefited from specific development paths and public support. This case study shows that contract farming by itself does not appear to provide an efficient means of reducing poverty, nor does it provide an institutional tool through which to improve rural livelihoods. It does therefore, not represent a tool for the majority of small farmers and for redressing the historical imbalances in the South African agricultural sector.
Molecular free energy profiles from force spectroscopy experiments by inversion of observed committors
Creators: name: Covino, Roberto
name: Woodside, Michael T.
name: Hummer, Gerhard
name: Szabo, Attila
name: Cossio, Pilar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Biomolecules (q-bio.BM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: In single-molecule force spectroscopy experiments, a biomolecule is attached to a force probe via polymer linkers, and the total extension -- of molecule plus apparatus -- is monitored as a function of time. In a typical unfolding experiment at constant force, the total extension jumps between two values that correspond to the folded and unfolded states of the molecule. For several biomolecular systems the committor, which is the probability to fold starting from a given extension, has been used to extract the molecular activation barrier (a technique known as "committor inversion"). In this work, we study the influence of the force probe, which is much larger than the molecule being measured, on the activation barrier obtained by committor inversion. We use a two-dimensional framework in which the diffusion coefficient of the molecule and of the pulling device can differ. We systematically study the free energy profile along the total extension obtained from the committor, by numerically solving the Onsager equation and using Brownian dynamics simulations. We analyze the dependence of the extracted barrier on the linker stiffness, molecular barrier height, and diffusion anisotropy, and thus, establish the range of validity of committor inversion. Along the way, we showcase the committor of 2-dimensional diffusive models and illustrate how it is affected by barrier asymmetry and diffusion anisotropy.
description: 22 pages, 7 figures
Optimal control for feedback cooling in cavityless levitated optomechanics
Creators: name: Ferialdi, Luca
name: Setter, Ashley
name: Toroš, Marko
name: Timberlake, Chris
name: Ulbricht, Hendrik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider feedback cooling in a cavityless levitated optomechanics setup, and we investigate the possibility to improve the feedback implementation. We apply optimal control theory to derive the optimal feedback signal both for quadratic (parametric) and linear (electric) feedback. We numerically compare optimal feedback against the typical feedback implementation used for experiments. In order to do so, we implement a tracking scheme that takes into account the modulation of the laser intensity. We show that such a tracking implementation allows us to increase the feedback strength, leading to faster cooling rates and lower center-of-mass temperatures.
description: 18 pages, 9 figures
Metamotivation in medical education: The 4F conceptual framework
Creators: name: Norouzi, Ali
name: Parmelee, Dean
name: Norouzi, Saiideh
name: Alizadeh, Maryam
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Several models and frameworks have been developed in the past two decades to explain motivation regulation in different fields. However, a comprehensive framework that explains the dimensions of metamotivation in medical education is lacking. This study aims to address this gap by presenting a conceptual framework to understand metamotivation in medical education. This study was conducted at Tehran University of Medical Sciences in 2022–2023. We applied Crawford’s guidance on developing a conceptual framework via collecting data from three sources: experience, literature, and theory. We developed the initial draft of the conceptual framework by identifying gaps in existing models. A panel of experts reviewed the draft and provided feedback on the framework’s generation, explanation, and argumentation. The final model was designed in the form of a graphical presentation. The study’s conceptual framework clearly distinguishes between motivational challenges and motivational problems, and outlines four phases that explain each phase’s importance, components, and implementation process. The first phase focuses on promoting metamotivational knowledge among learners. In the second phase, learners face motivational challenges and aim to manage them optimally to prevent motivational problems. The third phase occurs when a motivational problem arises, and learners use motivational regulation strategies to resolve it. In the fourth and final phase, learners use psychological skills to stabilize and strengthen the metamotivational process. This study’s conceptual framework focuses specifically on the context of medical education to provide guidance for future research and interventions on metamotivation. By presenting this framework, we aim to capture the attention of researchers toward the topic of metamotivation and encourage further exploration of its dimensions.
Additional file 2 of Arthroscopic Bankart repair versus conservative treatment for first-time traumatic anterior shoulder dislocation: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Creators: name: Hu, Bin
name: Hong, Jianqiao
name: Zhu, Hanxiao
name: Yan, Shigui
name: Wu, Haobo
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Medicine
Mental Health

description: Additional file 2. Methodological quality of the included studies based on the 12-items scoring system. Statistical quality of included studies according to the 12-item standard of the Cochrane Back Review Group.
Electrochemical surface science of tungsten and molybdenum oxide clusters on boron nitride nanomesh
Creators: name: De Bonis, Enrico
Publisher: name: Lancaster University
Year: 2024

description: In the pursuit of more efficient heterogeneous catalysts and
 electrocatalysts, the real-space observation of active sites at the atomic
 scale under reaction conditions opens exciting possibilities for
 establishing detailed composition–structure–reactivity relationships. In
 this work, we focus on the study of small oxide clusters of the early
 transition metals tungsten and molybdenum using electrochemical scanning
 tunnelling microscopy (EC-STM). The metal oxide clusters are generated
 directly in the aqueous electrolyte, with the metals acting as
 ‘electrochemical evaporator’, and this process is studied through a
 combination of cyclic voltammetry, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy,
 inductively coupled plasma–optical emission spectroscopy and
 high-resolution mass spectrometry. Once the transition metal oxide
 clusters are generated, we immobilise them on boron nitride nanomesh, a
 corrugated monolayer of hexagonal boron nitride on Rh(111) with unique
 molecular trapping properties. The immobilisation of the oxide clusters is
 experimentally verified using ex situ X-ray photoelectron and Raman
 spectroscopy, also gauging any chemical changes of the clusters compared
 to the dispersed state in aqueous environment. Finally, we use EC-STM to
 directly observe the tungsten and molybdenum oxide cluster-decorated
 nanomesh surface in the presence of electrolyte under electrochemical
 potential control. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study
 where molybdenum tips have been used for EC-STM observation. By imaging
 tungsten oxide clusters with Mo tips and vice versa, we explore the stable
 combinations of substrate and tip materials and potentials towards
 chemically selective imaging at the atomic scale. Moving forward, we will
 use this knowledge to develop operando electrochemical imaging while an
 electrocatalytic reaction is ongoing.
Cross section of isolated prompt photons in hadron-hadron collisions
Creators: name: Catani, S.
name: Fontannaz, M.
name: Guillet, J. Ph.
name: Pilon, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the production of isolated prompt photons in hadronic collisions. We present a general discussion in QCD perturbation theory of the isolation criterion used by hadron collider experiments. The isolation criterion is implemented in a computer programme of the Monte Carlo type, which evaluates the production cross section at next-to-leading order accuracy in perturbative QCD. The calculation includes both the direct and the fragmentation components of the cross section, without any approximation of the dependence on the radius R of the isolation cone. We examine the scale dependence of the isolated cross section, the sensitivity of the cross section to the values of the isolation parameters, and we provide a quantitative comparison between the full R dependence and its small-R approximation.
description: 29 pages, 1 figure, few comments slightly expanded, results unchanged, misprints corrected
Contact Interactions, Large Extra Dimensions and Leptoquarks at THERA
Creators: name: Zarnecki, A. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The sensitivity of THERA to different models of "new physics" has been studied, both for the contact interaction approximation and for the resonance production. For contact interaction models conserving parity, scales up to about 18 TeV can be explored at THERA, extending considerably beyond the existing bounds. Significant improvement of existing limits is also expected for models with large extra dimensions. Effective Plank mass scales up to about 2.8 TeV can be probed. THERA will be the best machine to study leptoquark properties, for leptoquark masses up to about 1 TeV. It will be sensitive to the leptoquark Yukawa couplings down to lambda ~ 0.01.
description: 23 pages, 9 figures, 7 tables