cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Large Scale Structure in Bekenstein's theory of relativistic Modified Newtonian Dynamics
Creators: name: Skordis, C.
name: Mota, D. F.
name: Ferreira, P. G.
name: Boehm, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A relativistic theory of modified gravity has been recently proposed by Bekenstein. The tensor field in Einstein's theory of gravity is replaced by a scalar, a vector, and a tensor field which interact in such a way to give Modified Newtonian Dynamics (MOND) in the weak-field non-relativistic limit. We study the evolution of the universe in such a theory, identifying its key properties and comparing it with the standard cosmology obtained in Einstein gravity. The evolution of the scalar field is akin to that of tracker quintessence fields. We expand the theory to linear order to find the evolution of perturbations on large scales. The impact on galaxy distributions and the cosmic microwave background is calculated in detail. We show that it may be possible to reproduce observations of the cosmic microwave background and galaxy distributions with Bekenstein's theory of MOND.
description: typos corrected, matches published version (upto different figure placements!), no changes to the results
Market and Welfare Effects of GMO Introduction in Small Exporting Countries
Creators: name: Plastina, Alejandro S.
name: Giannakas, Konstantinos
name: Plastina, Alejandro S.
name: Giannakas, Konstantinos
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies

description: This paper analyzes the market and welfare effects of the introduction of GM products in small open developing economies that, prior to the adoption of GM crops, were net exporters of non-GM products. It explicitly accounts for differences in consumer attitudes towards GM products and producer agronomic characteristics as well as for the structure and conduct of the GM seed suppliers. Different scenarios concerning different labeling regimes in the small exporting country and the world market of the products are considered. A positive welfare effect of the introduction of GM products to small open economies should not be taken for granted. While yield increases and cost reductions associated with the GM technology are certainly important, their presence does not guarantee a positive effect on the welfare of all groups involved and/or on aggregate domestic welfare. The market and welfare effects of the introduction of GM crops in small exporting economies were shown to be case-specific and dependent on the labeling regimes in the world market, the labeling regime in the domestic market, the segregation costs and the marketing margins under the different labeling scenarios, the domestic consumer attitudes towards GM products, the premium enjoyed by the non-GM crops, the relative cost effectiveness of GM crops under the local production conditions, and the market power of the GM seed suppliers.
Black Hole Masses and Eddington Ratios at 0.3
Creators: name: Kollmeier, Juna A.
name: Onken, Christopher A.
name: Kochanek, Christopher S.
name: Gould, Andrew
name: Weinberg, David H.
name: Dietrich, Matthias
name: Cool, Richard
name: Dey, Arjun
name: Eisenstein, Daniel J.
name: Jannuzi, Buell T.
name: Floc'h, Emeric Le
name: Stern, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the distribution of Eddington luminosity ratios, L_bol/L_edd, of active galactic nuclei (AGNs) discovered in the AGN and Galaxy Evolution Survey (AGES). We combine H-beta, MgII, and CIV line widths with continuum luminosities to estimate black hole (BH) masses in 407 AGNs, covering the redshift range z~0.3-4 and the bolometric luminosity range L_bol~10^45-10^47 erg/s. The sample consists of X-ray or mid-infrared (24 micron) point sources with optical magnitude R<=21.5 mag and optical emission line spectra characteristic of AGNs. For the range of luminosity and redshift probed by AGES, the distribution of estimated Eddington ratios is well described as log-normal with a peak at L_bol/L_edd ~ 1/4 and a dispersion of 0.3 dex. Since additional sources of scatter are minimal, this dispersion must account for contributions from the scatter between estimated and true BH mass and the scatter between estimated and true bolometric luminosity. Therefore, we conclude that: (1) neither of these sources of error can contribute more than \~0.3 dex rms; and (2) the true Eddington ratios of optically luminous AGNs are even more sharply peaked. Because the mass estimation errors must be smaller than ~0.3 dex, we can also investigate the distribution of Eddington ratios at fixed BH mass. We show for the first time that the distribution of Eddington ratios at fixed BH mass is peaked, and that the dearth of AGNs at a factor ~10 below Eddington is real and not an artifact of sample selection. These results provide strong evidence that supermassive BHs gain most of their mass while radiating close to the Eddington limit, and they suggest that the fueling rates in luminous AGNs are ultimately determined by BH self-regulation of the accretion flow rather than galactic scale dynamical disturbances.
description: 34 pages including 12 figures. Incorporates referee's comments. Accepted for publication in ApJ
Flavoured Resonant Leptogenesis at Sub-TeV Scales
Creators: name: Granelli, A.
name: Moffat, K.
name: Petcov, S. T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider sub-TeV scale flavoured resonant leptogenesis within the minimal type-I seesaw scenario with two right-handed singlet neutrinos $N_{1,2}$ forming a pseudo-Dirac pair, concentrating on the case of masses of the pseudo-Dirac pair having values $M_{1,2} \lesssim 100$ GeV. The case when the CP violating asymmetries in the individual lepton charges $L_l$, $l=e,μ,τ$, and in the total lepton charge $L$ of the Universe are generated in $1 \leftrightarrow 2$ decay processes is investigated. We show that successful leptogenesis is possible for $M_{1,2}$ lying in the interval $M_{1,2} = (0.3 - 100)$ GeV. Our results show also, in particular, that for vanishing initial $N_{1,2}$ abundance, flavour effects can play an important role in the generation of the baryon asymmetry, leading to an enhancement of the asymmetry by a factor up to $\sim 300$ with respect to the "unflavoured" leptogenesis scenario.
description: More results on the charged current couplings of $N_{1,2}$, references and comments (in particular, on the possibility to test the considered leptogenesis scenario at FCCee) added; version to be published in Nucl. Phys. B
Price Transmission and Food Scares in the U.S. Beef Sector
Creators: name: Livanis, Grigorios T.
name: Moss, Charles B.
name: Livanis, Grigorios T.
name: Moss, Charles B.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: Consumer/Household Economics

description: The advent of mad cow disease in Canada in the United States raises numerous concerns regarding consumer reaction to information in the United States. To examine the role of consumer reaction to information we examine the response of price spreads in the U.S. beef market to a Food Safety Index derived from Lexis-Nexis. Specifically, we estimate a vector error correction model to examine the long and short-run effect of news on price spreads. Our results indicate that informational shocks are fairly transient in the retail prices, but persist at the wholesale and farm level.
Device-independent quantification of measurement incompatibility
Creators: name: Chen, Shin-Liang
name: Miklin, Nikolai
name: Budroni, Costantino
name: Chen, Yueh-Nan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Incompatible measurements, i.e., measurements that cannot be simultaneously performed, are necessary to observe nonlocal correlations. It is natural to ask, e.g., how incompatible the measurements have to be to achieve a certain violation of a Bell inequality. In this work, we provide the direct link between Bell nonlocality and the quantification of measurement incompatibility. This includes quantifiers for both incompatible and genuine-multipartite incompatible measurements. Our method straightforwardly generalizes to include constraints on the system's dimension (semi-device-independent approach) and on projective measurements, providing improved bounds on incompatibility quantifiers, and to include the prepare-and-measure scenario.
description: 15 pages, 4 figures. Comments welcome! v2: Accepted version
Foodgrain Subsidies in India: Are they Reaching the Poor?
Creators: name: Umali-Deininger, Dina
name: Sur, Mona
name: Deininger, Klaus W.
name: Umali-Deininger, Dina
name: Sur, Mona
name: Deininger, Klaus W.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: Food Security and Poverty

description: Concerns about the slow down in agricultural growth and the macroeconomic impact of rising fiscal deficits have refocused attention to public expenditures in the agricultural sector. Rising levels of agricultural subsidies have been blamed for crowding out much needed productivity-enhancing investments. This study examines the potential welfare impacts of subsidy reform by tracing the beneficiaries of the farmer and consumer foodgrain price subsidies, and by assessing the distribution and level of these subsidies across households at the state level. Using benefit incidence analysis, we find that producer price subsidies benefited only a few states, and larger farmers within these states. The shift to the targeted public distribution system contributed to an increase in allocation and offtake in states with higher rates of poverty. Household participation rates at the national level on average improved, from 22.6 percent to 31.6 percent between 1993/94 and 1999/00, but delivery problems still leave the major share of the poor out of the system.
title: Helmholtz Open Science Policy. Version 1.0. Approved in the 119th General Assembly of the Helmholtz Association on 20-21 September 2022
Creators: name: Helmholtz Association
Publisher: name: Helmholtz Association
Year: 2022

description: The present Helmholtz Open Science Policy is organized into three sections. In the section “A. Strategic Positioning,” the Helmholtz Association formulates a commitment to open science in accordance with the principle “as open as possible and as closed as necessary.” In the section “B. Monitoring,” Helmholtz makes a commitment to open science on the basis of the three current focus areas (open access, open research data, and open research software) through specific and verifiable objectives. In the section “C. Implementation and Common Requirements,” in line with the funding policy of the European Commission, open science practices are formulated for implementation purposes.
Fidelity and Wilson loop for quarks in confinement region
Creators: name: Kuvshinov, V. I.
name: Buividovich, P. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Connection between the stability of quantum motion in random fields and quark confinement in QCD is investigated. The analogy between the fidelity and the Wilson loop is conjectured, and the fidelity decay rates for different types of quark motion are expressed in terms of the parameters which are commonly used in phenomenological and lattice QCD.
Empirical observation of negligible fairness-accuracy trade-offs in machine learning for public policy
Creators: name: Rodolfa, Kit T.
name: Lamba, Hemank
name: Ghani, Rayid
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Growing use of machine learning in policy and social impact settings have raised concerns for fairness implications, especially for racial minorities. These concerns have generated considerable interest among machine learning and artificial intelligence researchers, who have developed new methods and established theoretical bounds for improving fairness, focusing on the source data, regularization and model training, or post-hoc adjustments to model scores. However, little work has studied the practical trade-offs between fairness and accuracy in real-world settings to understand how these bounds and methods translate into policy choices and impact on society. Our empirical study fills this gap by investigating the impact of mitigating disparities on accuracy, focusing on the common context of using machine learning to inform benefit allocation in resource-constrained programs across education, mental health, criminal justice, and housing safety. Here we describe applied work in which we find fairness-accuracy trade-offs to be negligible in practice. In each setting studied, explicitly focusing on achieving equity and using our proposed post-hoc disparity mitigation methods, fairness was substantially improved without sacrificing accuracy. This observation was robust across policy contexts studied, scale of resources available for intervention, time, and relative size of the protected groups. These empirical results challenge a commonly held assumption that reducing disparities either requires accepting an appreciable drop in accuracy or the development of novel, complex methods, making reducing disparities in these applications more practical.
description: 40 pages, 4 figures, 2 tables, 7 supplementary figures, 4 supplementary tables; revised to improve clarity and discussion
Optimal estimation of squeezing
Creators: name: Chiribella, G.
name: D'Ariano, G. M.
name: Sacchi, M. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the optimal estimation of an unknown squeezing transformation of the radiation field. The optimal estimation is unbiased and is obtained by properly considering the degeneracy of the squeezing operator. For coherent input states, the r.m.s. of the estimation scales as $(2\sqrt {\bar n})^{-1}$ versus the average photon number $\bar n$, while it can be enhanced to $(2\bar n)^{-1}$ by using displaced squeezed states.
description: 4 pages, 2 eps figures
Rehse, Theophil: Ökumene auf dem Weg zur Weltkirche?
Creators: name: Kg.
Publisher: name: Ökumenische Rundschau
Year: 2025

description: Ökumenische Rundschau, Bd. 20 Nr. 2 (1971): Ökumenische Rundschau, Band 20, Heft 2
Signaling between time steps does not allow for nonlocality beyond hidden nonlocality
Creators: name: Spee, Cornelia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Hidden nonlocality is the phenomenon that entangled states can be local in the standard Bell scenario but display nonlocality after local filtering. However, there exist entangled states for which all measurement statistics can be described via a local hidden variable model even after local filtering. In this work we consider the scenario that measurement outcomes and settings of Alice can influence measurements of Bob in subsequent time steps (and vice versa), however, there is no signaling among them for measurements at the same time step. We show that in this scenario states that only display local statistics after local filtering remain local even when considering the complete statistics of arbitrary sequences and therefore no advantage can be gained by performing longer sequences in this scenario. We first determine the extreme points of the polytope defined by the no-signaling conditions within the same time step and the arrow-of-time constraints. Based on these results we introduce a notion of locality and provide a complete representation of the corresponding local polytope in terms of inequalities in the simplest scenario. These results imply that in the scenario considered here there is no nonlocality beyond hidden nonlocality. We further propose a device-dependent Schmidt number witness and we compare our finding to known local models in the sequential scenario.
description: 8 pages, 1 figure
UPAYA PENGURUS KOPERASI DALAM MENINGKATKAN KESEJAHTERAAN ANGGOTA KOPERASI PINJAM (KSP)  BOBATO DI KOTA TERNATE
Creators: name: Ahmad, Iswadi M
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui strategi pengurus koperasi dalam meningkatkan kesejahteraan anggota koperasi bobato. Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian kualitatif. Data penelitian diperoleh melalui obsevasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Subyek penelitian  adalah anggota koperasi sekaligus pengurus koperasi bobato yang berjumlah 20 orang. Sementara itu, teknik analisis data menggunakan teknik analisis data deskriptif kualitatif. Data yang danalisis lewat analisis persentase lewat survey pada subjek penelitian diperkuat dengan hasil analisis dari wawancara mendalam dan dokumen KSP Bobato. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa strategi pengurus koperasi yakni dengan memberikan pelayanan yang terbaik untuk anggota, memberi kemudahan terhadap anggota dalam memenuhi kebutuhannya seperti memberikan pinjaman terhadap anggota koperasi memberikan dengan bunga yang kecil,  memberikan penyuluhan, pelatihan, pendidikan secara rutin untuk anggota, dan melanjutkan studi anggota koperasi pada jenjang S1 maupun S2. Sedangkan untuk pembagian sisa hasil usaha yang diterima masing-masing anggota mengalami tren peningkatan setiap tahun. Sehingga setiap anggota koperasi dapat merasakan nilai manfaat ekonomi yang diterima masing-masing anggota Koperasi Simpan Pinjam Babato bernilai positif bagi anggota.        
description: The aim of this research is to determine the strategy of cooperative administrators in improving the welfare of Bobato cooperative members. This research is a type of qualitative research. Research data was obtained through observation, interviews and documentation. The research subjects were 20 cooperative members and administrators of the Bobato cooperative. Meanwhile, the data analysis technique uses qualitative descriptive data analysis techniques. The data analyzed through percentage analysis via surveys on research subjects was strengthened by the results of analysis from in-depth interviews and KSP Bobato documents. The research results show that the cooperative management strategy is to provide the best service to members, make it easier for members to fulfill their needs, such as providing loans to cooperative members at low interest rates, providing regular counseling, training and education for members, and continuing members' studies. cooperatives at undergraduate and graduate levels. Meanwhile, the distribution of remaining business profits received by each member experiences an increasing trend every year. So that every member of the cooperative can feel the value of the economic benefits received by each member of the Babato Savings and Loans Cooperative which is positive for the members
TRACING THE EFFECTS OF AGRICULTURAL COMMODITY PRICES ON FOOD PROCESSING COSTS
Creators: name: Morrison Paul, Catherine J.
name: MacDonald, James M.
name: Morrison Paul, Catherine J.
name: MacDonald, James M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2000
Subjects: Demand and Price Analysis
Industrial Organization

description: Although food processing sector production is inherently linked to the availability and prices of agricultural materials (MA), this link appears to be weakening due to adaptations in input costs, technology, and food consumption patterns. This study assesses the roles of these changes on food processors' costs and output prices, with a focus on the demand for primary agricultural commodities. Our analysis of the 4-digit U.S. food processing industries for 1972-1992 is based on a cost-function framework, augmented by a profit maximization specification of output pricing, and a virtual price representation for agricultural materials and capital. We find that falling virtual prices of MA and input substitution have provided a stimulus for MA demand. However, scale effects have been MA-saving relative to intermediate food products, and disembodied technical change has strongly contributed to declining primary agricultural materials demand relative to most other inputs.
Microquasar LS 5039: a TeV gamma-ray emitter and a potential TeV neutrino source
Creators: name: Aharonian, Felix A.
name: Anchordoqui, Luis A.
name: Khangulyan, Dmitry
name: Montaruli, Teresa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The recent detection of TeV gamma-rays from the microquasar LS 5039 by HESS is one of the most exciting discoveries of observational gamma-ray astronomy in the very high energy regime. This result clearly demonstrates that X-ray binaries with relativistic jets (microquasars) are sites of effective acceleration of particles (electrons and/or protons) to multi-TeV energies. Whether the gamma-rays are of hadronic or leptonic origin is a key issue related to the origin of Galactic Cosmic Rays. We discuss different possible scenarios for the production of gamma-rays, and argue in favor of hadronic origin of TeV photons, especially if they are produced within the binary system. If so, the detected gamma-rays should be accompanied by a flux of high energy neutrinos emerging from the decays of π^\pm mesons produced at pp and/or p γinteractions. The flux of TeV neutrinos, which can be estimated on the basis of the detected TeV gamma-ray flux, taking into account the internal γγ\to e^+e^- absorption, depends significantly on the location of gamma-ray production region(s). The minimum neutrino flux above 1 TeV is expected to be at the level of 10^{-12} cm^{-2} s^{-1}; however, it could be up to a factor of 100 larger. The detectability of the signal of multi-TeV neutrinos significantly depends on the high energy cutoff in the spectrum of parent protons; if the spectrum of accelerated protons continues to 1 PeV and beyond, the predicted neutrino fluxes can be probed by the planned km^3-scale neutrino detector.
description: To be published in Proceedings of TAUP 2005: The 9th International Conference on Topics in Astroparticle Physics and Underground Physics, 10-14 September 2005, Zaragoza, Spain; Journal of Physics: Conference Series
LOCAL GOVERNMENT BEHAVIOR AND PROPERTY RIGHTS FORMATION IN RURAL CHINA
Creators: name: Brandt, Loren
name: Rozelle, Scott
name: Turner, Matthew A.
name: Brandt, Loren
name: Rozelle, Scott
name: Turner, Matthew A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: Land Economics/Use
Public Economics

description: We examine the ongoing transition from centrally planned to market agriculture in rural China. In particular, we examine the devolution of land rights from village governments to villagers and the corresponding evolution of tenure security in agricultural land. We find econometric support for the statistical and economic importance of four explanations for local government behavior. Three of these explanations indicate a link between the incentives and con-straints faced by village leaders and property rights in agricultural land, and hence suggest policy levers to encourage more secure property rights.
On the origin of quantum mechanics
Creators: name: Giné, Jaume
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Action at distance in Newtonian physics is replaced by finite propagation speeds in classical post--Newtonian physics. As a result, the differential equations of motion in Newtonian physics are replaced by functional differential equations, where the delay associated with the finite propagation speed is taken into account. Newtonian equations of motion, with post--Newtonian corrections, are often used to approximate the functional differential equations. Are the finite propagation speeds the origin of the quantum mechanics? In this work a simple atomic model based on a functional differential equation which reproduces the quantized Bohr atomic model is presented. As straightforward application of the result the fine structure of the hydrogen atom is approached.
description: 16 pages, 1 figure in EPS format
Periods of cubic surfaces with the automorphism group of order 54
Creators: name: Bolbachan, Vasily
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 32G13, 57S30, 14J26

description: To any cubic surface, one can associate a cubic threefold given by a triple cover of $\mathbb P^3$ branched in this cubic surface. D. Allcock, J. Carlson, and D. Toledo used this construction to define the period map for cubic surfaces. It is interesting to calculate this map for some specific cubic surfaces. In this paper, we have calculated it in the case when the cubic surface is given by a triple covering of $\mathbb P^2$ branched in a smooth elliptic curve. In this case, the periods can be expressed through periods of the corresponding elliptic curve.
description: The final version, as it will appear in Geometriae Dedicata
Graduate recitals
Creators: name: Macleod, Gordon David
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Michal Spisak (1914- 1965) Spisak was a Polish composer and violinist. He spent the first part of his life in Poland until 1937, when he traveled to Paris to study with Nadia Boulanger. He lived in Paris until his death, but maintained constant contact with his native country. He is known as the most outstanding Polish composer of his generation. Duetto Concertante was written in 1949. The piece is rich and varied, showing an assurance of technique which is particularly apparent in his craftsmanlike writing for instruments. His writing style is transparent and colourful, dominated by pre-classical counterpoint, motor movement, and a simple handling of form. Jean Baptiste Edouard Dupuy (1770- 1822) Dupuy was an accomplished violinist, singer and composer. He studied piano and violin in Paris in 1783. By 1785, he was leader at the private theatre of Prince Henry of Prussia. A scandal led to his dismissal a few years later and he became a touring violinist. By 1793 he was in Stockholm, where he joined the court orchestra and was an active singer and composer. By 1799 he was expelled from Sweden for political reasons. He then moved to Copenhagen where, in 1807, he sang the title role in Mozart's Don Giovanni. This work for bassoon and string quartet was probably written while he worked as court composer in Stockholm. Hans Gal (1890- 1987) An Austrian musicologist and composer, Gal spent the first part of his life near Vienna, studying at the university between 1908 and 1913. He composed opera, taught theory, and also did some conducting. By 1945, he was driven out of Austria and settled in Edinburgh. He established himself as a conductor, pianist, and musician of stimulatingly pungent opinions. His music is classically constructed, tonal, finely crafted, courteous, orderly, and unhurrried in its discourse. In the later years of his life, he was led increasingly into the world of chamber music. This duo for cello and bassoon was written in 1962. Madeline Dring 1923 - 1977) English pianist, singer and composer, Dring studied composition with Herbert Howells and Ralph Vaughn Williams. She developed a knack for writing attractive, brief pieces. This trio for oboe, bassoon and harpsichord was written in 1971-2, very late in her life.
Forecasting Multiple Time Series With One-Sided Dynamic Principal Components
Creators: name: Peña, Daniel
name: Smucler, Ezequiel
name: Yohai, Victor J.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: We define one-sided dynamic principal components (ODPC) for time series as linear combinations of the present and past values of the series that minimize the reconstruction mean squared error. Usually dynamic principal components have been defined as functions of past and future values of the series and therefore they are not appropriate for forecasting purposes. On the contrary, it is shown that the ODPC introduced in this article can be successfully used for forecasting high-dimensional multiple time series. An alternating least-squares algorithm to compute the proposed ODPC is presented. We prove that for stationary and ergodic time series the estimated values converge to their population analogs. We also prove that asymptotically, when both the number of series and the sample size go to infinity, if the data follow a dynamic factor model, the reconstruction obtained with ODPC converges in mean square to the common part of the factor model. The results of a simulation study show that the forecasts obtained with ODPC compare favorably with those obtained using other forecasting methods based on dynamic factor models. Supplementary materials for this article are available online.
The realization of positive random variables via absolutely continuous transformations of measure on Wiener space
Creators: name: Feyel, D.
name: Üstünel, A. S.
name: Zakai, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Let $μ$ be a Gaussian measure on some measurable space $\{W=\{w\},{\mathcal{B}}(W)\}$ and let $ν$ be a measure on the same space which is absolutely continuous with respect to $ν$. The paper surveys results on the problem of constructing a transformation $T$ on the $W$ space such that $Tw=w+u(w)$ where $u$ takes values in the Cameron-Martin space and the image of $μ$ under $T$ is $μ$. In addition we ask for the existence of transformations $T$ belonging to some particular classes.
description: Published at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/154957806000000069 in the Probability Surveys (http://www.i-journals.org/ps/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
Gate-Defined Quantum Dots on Carbon Nanotubes
Creators: name: Biercuk, M. J.
name: Garaj, S.
name: Mason, N.
name: Chow, J. M.
name: Marcus, C. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the realization of nanotube-based quantum dot structures that use local electrostatic gating to produce individually controllable dots in series along a nanotube. Electrostatic top-gates produce depletion regions in the underlying tube; a pair of such depletion regions defines a quantum dot. Transparencies of tunnel barriers as well as the electrostatic energies, within single and multiple dots, can be tuned by gate voltages. The approach allows accurate control over multiple devices on a single tube, and serves as a design paradigm for nanotube-based electronics and quantum systems.
description: related papers at http://marcuslab.harvard.edu
IMPROVING ESTIMATES OF INEQUALITY AND POVERTY FROM URBAN CHINA'S HOUSEHOLD INCOME AND EXPENDITURE SURVEY
Creators: name: Gibson, John
name: Huang, Jikun
name: Rozelle, Scott
name: Gibson, John
name: Huang, Jikun
name: Rozelle, Scott
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2001
Subjects: Consumer/Household Economics

description: In urban China the Household Income and Expenditure Survey requires respondents to keep a daily expenditure diary for a full 12-month period. This onerous reporting task makes it difficult to recruit households into the survey, compromising the representative nature of the sample. In this article we use data on the monthly expenditures of households from two urban areas of China to see if data collection short-cuts, such as extrapolating to annual totals from expenditure reports in only some months of the year, would harm the accuracy of annual expenditure, inequality and poverty estimates. Our results show that replacing 12-month diaries with simple extrapolations from either one, two, four or six months would cause a sharp increase in estimates of annual inequality and poverty. This finding also undermines international comparisons of inequality statistics because no country other than China uses such comprehensive 12-month expenditure records. But a corrected form of extrapolation, based on correlations between the same household's expenditures in different months of the year, gives much smaller errors in estimates of inequality and poverty.
Cloning and Joint Measurements of Incompatible Components of Spin
Creators: name: Brougham, Thomas
name: Andersson, Erika
name: Barnett, Stephen M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A joint measurement of two observables is a {\it simultaneous} measurement of both quantities upon the {\it same} quantum system. When two quantum-mechanical observables do not commute, then a joint measurement of these observables cannot be accomplished by projective measurements alone. In this paper we shall discuss the use of quantum cloning to perform a joint measurement of two components of spin associated with a qubit system. We introduce a cloning scheme which is optimal with respect to this task. This cloning scheme may be thought to work by cloning two components of spin onto its outputs. We compare the proposed cloning machine to existing cloners.
description: 7 pages, 2 figures, submitted to PRA
Many-body interactions in a quantum wire in the integer quantum Hall regime: suppression of exchange-enhanced g factor
Creators: name: Balev, O. G.
name: Silva, Sanderson
name: Studart, Nelson
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The collapse of Hall gaps in the integer quantum Hall liquid in a quantum wire is investigated. Motivated by recent experiment [Pallecchi et al. PRB 65, 125303 (2002)] previous approaches are extended to treat confinement effects and the exchanged enhanced g-factor in quantum wires. Two scenarios for the collapse of the $ν=1$ state are discussed. In the first one the $ν=1$ state becomes unstable at $B_{cr}^{(1)}$, due to the exchange interaction and correlation effects, coming from the edge-states screening. In the second scenario, a transition to the $ν=2$ state occurs at $B_{cr}^{(2)}$, with a smaller effective channel width, caused by the redistribution of the charge density. This effect turns the Hartree interaction essential in calculating the total energy and changes $B_{cr}^{(2)}$ drastically. In both scenarios, the exchange enhanced g-factor is suppressed for magnetic fields lower than $B_{cr}$. Phase diagrams for the Hall gap collapse are determined. The critical fields, activation energy, and optical $g$-factor obtained are compared with experiments. Within the accuracy of the available data, the first scenario is most probable to be realized.
description: 11 pages, 10 figures
[Supplementary Materials] Motor Patterns of Patients with Spinal Muscular Atrophy Suggestive of Sensory and Corticospinal Contributions to the Development of Locomotor Muscle Synergies
Creators: name: Cheung, Vincent C. K.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 319999
subject: Other biological sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Supplementary Materials for paper, Motor Patterns of Patients with Spinal Muscular Atrophy Suggestive of Sensory and Corticospinal Contributions to the Development of Locomotor Muscle Synergies
Performance of the Unified Readout System of Belle II
Creators: name: Nakao, Mikihiko
name: Itoh, Ryosuke
name: Yamada, Satoru
name: Suzuki, Soh Y.
name: Konno, Tomoyuki
name: Zhou, Qi-Dong
name: Kunigo, Takuto
name: Sugiura, Ryohei
name: Park, Seokhee
name: Liu, Zhen-An
name: Zhao, Jingzhou
name: Konorov, Igor
name: Levit, Dmytro
name: Nakamura, Katsuro
name: Tanigawa, Hikaru
name: Taniguchi, Nanae
name: Uchida, Tomohisa
name: Nishimura, Kurtis
name: Hartbrich, Oskar
name: Lai, Yun-Tsung
name: Shoji, Masayoshi
name: Kuzmin, Alexander
name: Zhulanov, Vladimir
name: Kunkler, Brandon
name: Mostafanezhad, Isar
name: Nakazawa, Hideyuki
name: Unno, Yuji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Belle II experiment at the SuperKEKB collider at KEK, Tsukuba, Japan has successfully started taking data with the full detector in March 2019. Belle II is a luminosity frontier experiment of the new generation to search for physics beyond the Standard Model of elementary particles, from precision measurements of a huge number of B and charm mesons and tau leptons. In order to read out the events at a high rate from the seven subdetectors of Belle II, we adopt a highly unified readout system, including a unified trigger timing distribution system (TTD), a unified high speed data link system (Belle2link), and a common backend system to receive Belle2link data. Each subdetector frontend readout system has a field-programmable gate array (FPGA) in which unified firmware components of the TTD receiver and Belle2link transmitter are embedded. The system is designed for data taking at a trigger rate up to 30 kHz with a dead-time fraction of about 1% in the frontend readout system. The trigger rate is still much lower than our design. However, the background level is already high due to the initial vacuum condition and other accelerator parameters, and it is the most limiting factor of the accelerator and detector operation. Hence the occupancy and radiation effects to the frontend electronics are rather severe, and they cause various kind of instabilities. We present the performance of the system, including the achieved trigger rate, dead-time fraction, stability, and discuss the experience gained during the operation.
description: IEEE Real Time 2020 Conference, 7 pages
IS IT BETTER TO BE A BOY? A DISAGGREGATED OUTLAY EQUIVALENT ANALYSIS OF GENDER BIAS IN PAPUA NEW GUINEA
Creators: name: Gibson, John
name: Rozelle, Scott
name: Gibson, John
name: Rozelle, Scott
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2000
Subjects: Labor and Human Capital

description: Discrimination in the allocation of goods between boys and girls within households in Papua New Guinea is examined using Deaton's (1989) outlay-equivalent ratio method. Adding a boy to the household reduces expenditure on adult goods by as much as would a nine-tenths reduction in total outlay per member, but girls have no effect on adult goods expenditure. The hypothesis of Haddad and Reardon (1993) that gender bias is inversely related to the importance of female labour in agricultural production is not supported. There is no evidence of bias against girls in the urban sector.
Quasi-planar steep water waves
Creators: name: Ruban, Victor P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A new description for highly nonlinear potential water waves is suggested, where weak 3D effects are included as small corrections to exact 2D equations written in conformal variables. Contrary to the traditional approach, a small parameter in this theory is not the surface slope, but it is the ratio of a typical wave length to a large transversal scale along the second horizontal coordinate. A first-order correction for the Hamiltonian functional is calculated, and the corresponding equations of motion are derived for steep water waves over an arbitrary inhomogeneous quasi-1D bottom profile.
description: revtex4, 4 pages, no figures
Integral equations for the H- X- and Y-functions
Creators: name: Rutily, B.
name: Chevallier, L.
name: Bergeat, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We come back to a non linear integral equation satisfied by the function H, which is distinct from the classical H-equation. Established for the first time by Busbridge (1955), it appeared occasionally in the literature since then. First of all, this equation is generalized over the whole complex plane using the method of residues. Then its counterpart in a finite slab is derived; it consists in two series of integral equations for the X- and Y-functions. These integral equations are finally applied to the solution of the albedo problem in a slab.
description: 20 pages, JQSRT, accepted 9 July 2003
Exotic Neutrino Interactions at the Pierre Auger Observatory
Creators: name: Anchordoqui, Luis
name: Han, Tao
name: Hooper, Dan
name: Sarkar, Subir
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Pierre Auger Observatory for cosmic rays provides a laboratory for studying fundamental interactions at energies well beyond those available at colliders. In addition to hadrons or photons, Auger is sensitive to ultra-high energy neutrinos in the cosmic radiation and models for new physics can be explored by observing neutrino interactions at center-of-mass energies beyond the TeV scale. By comparing the rate for quasi-horizontal, deeply penetrating air showers triggered by all types of neutrinos with the rate for slightly upgoing showers generated by Earth-skimming tau neutrinos, any deviation of the neutrino-nucleon cross-section from the Standard Model expectation can be constrained. We show that this can test models of low-scale quantum gravity (including processes such as Kaluza-Klein graviton exchange, microscopic black hole production and string resonances), as well as non-perturbative electroweak instanton mediated processes. Moreover, the observed ratios of neutrino flavors would severely constrain the possibility of neutrino decay.
description: 32 pages (RevTeX); revised to show rates for both the cosmogenic and Waxman-Bahcall neutrino flux; to appear in Astroparticle Physics
Diplommatina abundans Maassen 2002
Creators: name: Cavallari, Daniel C.
name: Dornellas, Ana Paula S.
name: Simone, Luiz Ricardo L.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Mollusca
Gastropoda
Architaenioglossa
Diplommatinidae
Diplommatina
Diplommatina abundans

description: abundans, Diplommatina Maassen, 2002
 Diplommatina abundans Maassen, 2002: 165 (figs 1–2).
Gastropoda, Diplommatinidae
 Probable paratype: MZSP 95465 (Fig. 1 E–F).
 Locality: Indonesia, West Sumatra, SE of Bukit Tingi, 3 km N of Lintau Village, near the entrance of Gua Pangian (type locality), 1996.
 Preservation: Dry.
 Remarks: Former Jens Hemmen Collection. Data on specimen’s label compare fittingly with a 100-specimen paratype series originally deposited in Maassen’s reference collection.
description: Published as part of Cavallari, Daniel C., Dornellas, Ana Paula S. & Simone, Luiz Ricardo L., 2016, Second annotated list of type specimens of molluscs deposited in the Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil, pp. 1-59 in European Journal of Taxonomy 213 on page 3, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2016.213, http://zenodo.org/record/3840125
MELE: MAXIMUM ENTROPY LEUVEN ESTIMATORS
Creators: name: Paris, Quirino
name: Paris, Quirino
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: multicollinearity
subject: mean squared error
subject: ordinary least squares
subject: generalized maximum entropy

description: Multicollinearity hampers empirical econometrics. The remedies proposed to date suffer from pitfalls of their own. The ridge estimator is not generally accepted as a vital alternative to the ordinary least-squares (OLS) estimator because it depends upon unknown parameters. The generalized maximum entropy (GME) estimator of Golan, Judge and Miller depends upon subjective exogenous information that affects the estimated parameters in an unpredictable way. This paper presents novel maximum entropy estimators inspired by the theory of light that do not depend upon any additional information. Monte Carlo experiments show that they are not affected by any level of multicollinearity and dominate OLS uniformly. The Leuven estimators are consistent and asymptotically normal.
Forecasting Multiple Time Series With One-Sided Dynamic Principal Components
Creators: name: Peña, Daniel
name: Smucler, Ezequiel
name: J. Yohai, Victor
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: We define one-sided dynamic principal components (ODPC) for time series as linear combinations of the present and past values of the series that minimize the reconstruction mean squared error. Usually dynamic principal components have been defined as functions of past and future values of the series and therefore they are not appropriate for forecasting purposes. On the contrary, it is shown that the ODPC introduced in this article can be successfully used for forecasting high-dimensional multiple time series. An alternating least-squares algorithm to compute the proposed ODPC is presented. We prove that for stationary and ergodic time series the estimated values converge to their population analogs. We also prove that asymptotically, when both the number of series and the sample size go to infinity, if the data follow a dynamic factor model, the reconstruction obtained with ODPC converges in mean square to the common part of the factor model. The results of a simulation study show that the forecasts obtained with ODPC compare favorably with those obtained using other forecasting methods based on dynamic factor models. Supplementary materials for this article are available online.
Sparse Sliced Inverse Regression via Lasso
Creators: name: Lin, Qian
name: Zhao, Zhigen
name: Liu, Jun S.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: For multiple index models, it has recently been shown that the sliced inverse regression (SIR) is consistent for estimating the sufficient dimension reduction (SDR) space if and only if ρ=limpn=0, where p is the dimension and n is the sample size. Thus, when p is of the same or a higher order of n, additional assumptions such as sparsity must be imposed in order to ensure consistency for SIR. By constructing artificial response variables made up from top eigenvectors of the estimated conditional covariance matrix, we introduce a simple Lasso regression method to obtain an estimate of the SDR space. The resulting algorithm, Lasso-SIR, is shown to be consistent and achieves the optimal convergence rate under certain sparsity conditions when p is of order o(n2λ2), where λ is the generalized signal-to-noise ratio. We also demonstrate the superior performance of Lasso-SIR compared with existing approaches via extensive numerical studies and several real data examples. Supplementary materials for this article are available online.