cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Transport of Hubbard-Band Quasiparticles in Disordered Optical Lattices
Creators: name: Scarola, V. W.
name: DeMarco, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum degenerate gases trapped in optical lattices are ideal testbeds for fundamental physics because these systems are tunable, well characterized, and isolated from the environment. Controlled disorder can be introduced to explore suppression of quantum diffusion in the absence of conventional dephasing mechanisms such as phonons, which are unavoidable in experiments on electronic solids. Recent experiments use transport of degenerate Fermi gases in optical lattices (Kondov et al. Phys. Rev. Lett. 114, 083002 (2015)) to probe a particularly extreme regime of strong interaction in what can be modeled as an Anderson-Hubbard model. These experiments find evidence for an intriguing insulating phase where quantum diffusion is completely suppressed by strong disorder. Quantitative interpretation of these experiments remains an open problem that requires inclusion of non-zero entropy, strong interaction, and trapping. We argue that the suppression of transport can be thought of as localization of Hubbard-band quasiparticles. We construct a theory of transport of Hubbard-band quasiparticles tailored to trapped optical lattice experiments. We compare the theory directly with center-of-mass transport experiments of Kondov et al. with no fitting parameters. The close agreement between theory and experiments shows that the suppression of transport is only partly due to finite entropy effects. We argue that the complete suppression of transport is consistent with Anderson localization of Hubbard-band quasiparticles. The combination of our theoretical framework and optical lattice experiments offers an important platform for studying localization in isolated many-body quantum systems.
description: 13 pages, 9 figures
Budesonide Foam Induces Remission in Patients With Mild to Moderate Ulcerative Proctitis and Ulcerative Proctosigmoiditis
Creators: name: Bosworth, Brian
name: Gordon, Glenn
name: Sandborn, William
name: Golden, Pamela
name: Barrett, Andrew
name: Yu, Jing
name: Clemmons, David
name: Forbes, William
name: Zakko, Salam
name: Rolleri, Robert
name: Paterson, Craig
name: Bortey, Enoch
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: BACKGROUND & AIMS: Budesonide is a high-potency, second-generation corticosteroid designed to minimize systemic adverse consequences of conventional corticosteroids. We performed 2 randomized, phase 3 trials to evaluate the ability of budesonide rectal foam, formulated to optimize retention and provide uniform delivery of budesonide to the rectum and distal colon, to induce remission in patients with ulcerative proctitis or ulcerative proctosigmoiditis.  METHODS: Two identically designed, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trials evaluated the efficacy of budesonide foam for induction of remission in 546 patients with mild to moderate ulcerative proctitis or ulcerative proctosigmoiditis who received budesonide foam 2 mg/25 mL twice daily for 2 weeks, then once daily for 4 weeks, or placebo.  RESULTS: Remission at week 6 occurred significantly more frequently among patients receiving budesonide foam than placebo (Study 1: 38.3% vs 25.8%; P = .0324; Study 2: 44.0% vs 22.4%; P < .0001). A significantly greater percentage of patients receiving budesonide foam vs placebo achieved rectal bleeding resolution (Study 1: 46.6% vs 28.0%; P = .0022; Study 2: 50.0% vs 28.6%; P = .0002) and endoscopic improvement (Study 1: 55.6% vs 43.2%; P = .0486; Study 2: 56.0% vs 36.7%; P = .0013) at week 6. Most adverse events occurred at similar frequencies between groups, although events related to changes in cortisol values were reported more frequently with budesonide foam. There were no cases of clinically symptomatic adrenal insufficiency.  CONCLUSIONS: Budesonide rectal foam was well tolerated and more efficacious than placebo in inducing remission in patients with mild to moderate ulcerative proctitis and ulcerative proctosigmoiditis. ClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT01008410 and NCT01008423.
Did natural fission of 235U in the earth lead to formation of the supercontinent Columbia?
Creators: name: Rogers, John
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: Steady decline in the percentage of 235U in terrestrial uranium made natural fission impossible after about 1.8 Ga. Fission before 1.8 Ga disturbed the lead isotope system at various places worldwide, such as Oklo, Gabon, and may have caused the first lead isotope paradox. Fission in areas of high uranium concentration may also have generated enough heat to localize sparse Archean and Paleoproterozoic UHT belts. The oldest widespread orogenic systems formed at approximately 2.0–1.8 Ga after fission stopped contributing to the earth’s heat flow. These early orogenic systems partly created the supercontinent Columbia.
Fast separation of two trapped ions
Creators: name: Palmero, M.
name: Martínez-Garaot, S.
name: Poschinger, U. G.
name: Ruschhaupt, A.
name: Muga, J. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We design fast protocols to separate or recombine two ions in a segmented Paul trap. By inverse engineering the time evolution of the trapping potential composed of a harmonic and a quartic term, it is possible to perform these processes in a few microseconds without final excitation. These times are much shorter than the ones reported so far experimentally. The design is based on dynamical invariants and dynamical normal modes. Anharmonicities beyond the harmonic approximation at potential minima are taken into account perturbatively. The stability versus an unknown potential bias is also studied.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures
Different MHC class I alleles compete for presentation of overlapping viral epitopes
Creators: name: Rowland-Jones, Sarah
name: Cresswell, Peter
name: Zheng, Timothy
name: Frelinger, Jeffrey
name: McMichael, Andrew
name: Androlewicz, Matthew
name: Tussey, Lynda
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1995

description: We previously identified an HLA-B8+ donor, NW, whose lymphoblestoid cells failed to present a B8-restricted epitope from the influenza A nucleoprotein following viral infection, although added peptide could still be presented. The failure to present through HLA-B8 following viral infection appears to be specific for the NP epitope. Here, we report that donor NW makes an HLA-132702-restricted influenza-specific CTL response to an epitops in the nucleoprotein that overlaps the 138-restricted epitope by 8 aa. Two mechanisms for the failure of this cell line to present the 138-restricted epitope following viral infection are investigated. One is that there is an antigen processing polymorphism specific to the NW cell line, so that there is either preferential generation or preferential transport of the B27702 epitope. The other is that 138 and 132702 compete for a common peptide fragment in the ER and this leads to suboptimal loading of HLA-138.
mochi_class: Modelling Optimisation to Compute Horndeski In class
Creators: name: Cataneo, Matteo
name: Bellini, Emilio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce mochi_class, an extension of the Einstein-Boltzmann solver hi_class, designed to unlock the full phenomenological potential of Horndeski gravity. This extension allows for general input functions of time without the need for hard-coded parametrisations or covariant Lagrangians. By replacing the traditional $α$-parametrisation with a set of stable basis functions, mochi_class ensures that the resulting effective theories are inherently free from gradient and ghost instabilities. Additionally, mochi_class features a quasi-static approximation implemented at the level of modified metric potentials, enhancing prediction accuracy, especially for models transitioning between a super- and sub-Compton regime. mochi_class can robustly handle a wide range of models without fine-tuning, and introduces a new approximation scheme that activates modifications to the standard cosmology deep in the matter-dominated era. Furthermore, it incorporates viability conditions on the equation of motion for the scalar field fluctuations, aiding in the identification of numerical instabilities. Through comprehensive validation against other Einstein-Boltzmann solvers, mochi_class demonstrates excellent performance and accuracy, broadening the scope of hi_class by facilitating the study of specific modified gravity models and enabling exploration of previously inaccessible regions of the Horndeski landscape. The code is publicly available at https://github.com/mcataneo/mochi_class_public
description: 27 pages, 14 figures. Accepted for publication in The Open Journal of Astrophysics. Minor changes in response to the referee report
Large values of $L(1,χ)$ for $k$-th order characters $χ$ and applications to character sums
Creators: name: Lamzouri, Youness
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: For any given integer $k\geq 2$ we prove the existence of infinitely many $q$ and characters $ χ\pmod q$ of order $k$, such that $|L(1,χ)|\geq (e^γ+o(1))\log\log q$. We believe this bound to be best possible. When the order $k$ is even, we obtain similar results for $L(1,χ)$ and $L(1,χξ)$ where $χ$ is restricted to even (or odd) characters of order $k$, and $ξ$ is a fixed quadratic character. As an application of these results, we exhibit large even order character sums, which are likely to be optimal.
description: 18 pages
Technical Report accompanying the TACAS'21 submission "Model Checking ω-Regular Properties with Decoupled Search"
Creators: name: Gnad, Daniel
name: Eisenhut, Jan
name: Lluch-Lafuente, Alberto
name: Hoffmann, Jörg
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020

description: This technical report (TR) accompanies the TACAS'21 submission "Model Checking ω-Regular Properties with Decoupled Search". It contains all full proofs, where the submitted paper contains only proof sketches for some of the results. There is an additional section that spells out the issues of a naive adaptation of decoupled search for NDFS in more detail, and an extra paragraph that outlines how a lasso can be constructed (end of Section 5.2). The TR also shows some additional experimental results.
Kinetic models of opinion formation in the presence of personal conviction
Creators: name: Brugna, Carlo
name: Toscani, Giuseppe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a nonlinear kinetic equation of Boltzmann type which takes into account the influence of conviction during the formation of opinion in a system of agents which interact through the binary exchanges introduced in [G. Toscani, Commun. Math. Sci. 4, 481 (2006)]. The original exchange mechanism, which is based on the human tendency to compromise and change of opinion through self-thinking, is here modified in the parameters of the compromise and diffusion terms, which now are assumed to depend on the personal degree of conviction. The numerical simulations show that the presence of conviction has the potential to break symmetry, and to produce clusters of opinions. The model is partially inspired by the recent work [L. Pareschi, G. Toscani, Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A 372, 20130396 (2014)], in which the role of knowledge in the formation of wealth distribution has been investigated.
description: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1401.4550
A Point Mutation in HLA-A*0201 Results in Failure to Bind the TAP Complex and to Present Virus-Derived Peptides to CTL
Creators: name: Frelinger, Jeffrey
name: Peace-Brewer, Amy
name: Li, Guoxuan
name: Tussey, Lynda
name: Quinn, Daniel
name: Matsui, Masanori
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1996

description: Mutating the HLA-A*0201 heavy chain from threonine to lysine at position 134 (T134K) results in a molecule that presents exogenous peptide, but cannot present endogenously derived antigen. This is reflected in diminished cell surface expression and altered intracellular trafficking of T134K. The failure of T134K to present endogenous antigen can be overcome by using an ER targeting sequence, suggesting that the antigen presentation defect is restricted to TAP-dependent peptide loading. The ability of T134K to load peptide in a TAP-dependent manner is dramatically reduced compared with HLA-A*0201. By coimmunoprecipitation there is no detectable association of the T134K molecule with the TAP complex. Thus, T134K selectively affects TAP association and peptide loading, suggesting a requirement for the direct interaction of MHC class I heavy chain and the TAP complex for efficient presentation of endogenous antigen.
Induction of Cell Cycle Arrest and B Cell Terminal Differentiation by CDK Inhibitor p18 INK4c and IL-6
Creators: name: Chen-Kiang, Selina
name: Franklin, David
name: Chen, Dongquan
name: Xiong, Yue
name: Morse, Leslie
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1997

description: Cell cycle arrest and cell death are tightly coupled to terminal differentiation of B cells to plasma cells in vivo. This process was recapitulated in vitro by stimulation of IgG-bearing human B lymphoblastoid cells with interleukin-6 (IL-6), which led to orderly cell cycle arrest, differentiation, and apoptosis. In terminally differentiated plasmacytoid cells, phosphorylation of pRb was suppressed, correlating with the activation of the D-type cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitors p18(INK4c) and p21(WAF1/CIP1). The expression of CDK6, however, remained unchanged. Activation of p18 by IL-6 was rapid, concomitant with marked enhancement of its association with CDK6 and cell cycle arrest. Overexpression of p18 in IgM-bearing lymphoblastoid cells, which differentiated in response to IL-6 but did not exit the cell cycle, reconstituted coupled differentiation and cell cycle arrest. Thus, CDK inhibitors, in particular p18, are likely to play a pivotal role in controlling cell cycle arrest and cell death in terminal differentiation of late-stage B cells to plasma cells via inhibition of pRb phosphorylation by CDK6.
How can case study research in the social sciences become more open?
Creators: name: Professor Patrick Dunleavy
name: Dr Timothy Monteath
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Open Science
Case Studies
De-anonymisation

description: Case studies form an important part of qualitative social science and are undertaken in diverse ways to meet different goals. Relatively numerous but shallow cases are used as ‘apt illustrations’ at one end of the spectrum. At the other end, one or a few ‘deep’ cases in ‘diagnostic’ mode often seek to show the holistic and necessary nature of causal connections in a given situation. There are also many intermediate forms of case, and strong connections now to mixed methods and qualitative comparative analysis (QCA) and set-defined cases. Open social science aims to enhance the ease of reproducing and replicating all forms of case study evidence, and to strengthen the robustness and generalizability of studies using this key methods tool. Professor Patrick Dunleavy and Dr Tim Monteath led this seminar which covered such key steps as: ethical de-anonymization strategies allowing more evidence to be openly cited; pre-specifying hypotheses and propositions; making more explicit and ‘stress-testing’ the posited links between particular conditions and analytic judgements; stating the relative salience of holistic influences in a structured manner, not reliant on discretionary judgements by the analyst; and using open social science approaches for interview-based and documentation-based research (see here and forthcoming). This event was part of a series of seminars organised to support the development of the CIVICA Research Open Science Handbook for the Social Sciences.
Induction of MHC Class I Expression by the MHC Class II Transactivator CIITA
Creators: name: Chin, Keh-Chuang
name: Martin, Brian
name: Skinner, Cheryl
name: Ting, Jenny
name: Dey, Anup
name: Olsen, John
name: Ozato, Keiko
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1997

description: Major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I–deficient cell lines were used to demonstrate that the MHC class II transactivator (CIITA) can induce surface expression of MHC class I molecules. CIITA induces the promoter of MHC class I heavy chain genes. The site α DNA element is the target for CIITA-induced transactivation of class I. In addition, interferon-γ (IFNγ)–induced MHC class I expression also requires an intact site α. The G3A cell line, which is defective in CIITA induction, does not induce MHC class I antigen and promoter in response to IFNγ. Trans-dominant–negative forms of CIITA reduce class I MHC promoter function and surface antigen expression. Collectively, these data argue that CIITA has a role in class I MHC gene induction.
Solving the Maximum Clique Problem with Symmetric Rank-One Nonnegative Matrix Approximation
Creators: name: Belachew, Melisew Tefera
name: Gillis, Nicolas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Finding complete subgraphs in a graph, that is, cliques, is a key problem and has many real-world applications, e.g., finding communities in social networks, clustering gene expression data, modeling ecological niches in food webs, and describing chemicals in a substance. The problem of finding the largest clique in a graph is a well-known NP-hard problem and is called the maximum clique problem (MCP). In this paper, we formulate a very convenient continuous characterization of the MCP based on the symmetric rank-one nonnegative approximation of a given matrix, and build a one-to-one correspondence between stationary points of our formulation and cliques of a given graph. In particular, we show that the local (resp. global) minima of the continuous problem corresponds to the maximal (resp. maximum) cliques of the given graph. We also propose a new and efficient clique finding algorithm based on our continuous formulation and test it on various synthetic and real data sets to show that the new algorithm outperforms other existing algorithms based on the Motzkin-Straus formulation, and can compete with a sophisticated combinatorial heuristic.
description: 24 pages. Version 2: additional numerical comparisons, improved presentation
Eikonal Approximation for Floquet Scattering
Creators: name: Liu, Yaru
name: Zhang, Peng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The eikonal approximation (EA) is widely used in various high-energy scattering problems. In this work we generalize this approximation from the scattering problems with time-independent Hamiltonian to the ones with periodical Hamiltonians, {\it i.e.}, the Floquet scattering problems. We further illustrate the applicability of our generalized EA via the scattering problem with respect to a shaking spherical square-well potential, by comparing the results given by this approximation and the exact ones. The generalized EA we developed is helpful for the research of manipulation of high-energy scattering processes with external field, {\it e.g.}, the manipulation of atom, molecule or nuclear collisions or reactions via strong laser fields.
Peanuts, brezels and bananas: food for thought on the orbital structure of the Galactic bulge
Creators: name: Portail, M.
name: Wegg, C.
name: Gerhard, O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent observations have discovered the presence of a Box/Peanut or X-shape structure in the Galactic bulge. Such Box/Peanut structures are common in external disc galaxies, and are well-known in N-body simulations where they form following the buckling instability of a bar. From studies of analytical potentials and N-body models it has been claimed in the past that Box/Peanut bulges are supported by "bananas", or x1v1 orbits. We present here a set of N-body models where instead the peanut bulge is mainly supported by brezel-like orbits, allowing strong peanuts to form with short extent relative to the bar length. This shows that stars in the X-shape do not necessarily stream along banana orbits which follow the arms of the X-shape. The brezel orbits are also found to be the main orbital component supporting the peanut shape in our recent Made-to-Measure dynamical models of the Galactic bulge. We also show that in these models the fraction of stellar orbits that contribute to the X-structure account for 40-45% of the stellar mass.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS Letters
Autoreactive B Cell Regulation: Peripheral Induction of Developmental Arrest by Lupus-Associated Autoantigens
Creators: name: Gee, Renelle
name: Santulli-Marotto, Sandra
name: Mamula, Mark
name: Clarke, Stephen
name: Retter, Marc
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1998

description: Anti-Sm and anti-ssDNA transgenic (Tg) mice were generated using the VH-D-JH rearrangement of an anti-Sm hybridoma of MRL/Mp-lpr/lpr origin. B cells of each specificity account for 15%–35% of the splenic repertoire, but no circulating anti-Sm or anti-ssDNA antibodies are detected. Most autoreactive cells exhibit an immature B cell phenotype and have short half-lives equivalent to those of non-Tg immature B cells. However, at least some anti-Sm B cells are functional, because immunization with murine snRNPs induces anti-Sm secretion. We propose that anti-Sm and anti-ssDNA are eliminated during the transition to mature B cells and that this late stage of tolerance induction is consequential to their spontaneous activation in murine lupus.
Synchronous correlation matrices and Connes' embedding conjecture
Creators: name: Dykema, Ken
name: Paulsen, Vern
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 81P45, 46L99

description: In a recent paper, the concept of synchronous quantum correlation matrices was introduced and these were shown to correspond to traces on certain C*-algebras. In particular, synchronous correlation matrices arose in their study of various versions of quantum chromatic numbers of graphs and other quantum versions of graph theoretic parameters. In this paper we develop these ideas further, focusing on the relations between synchronous correlation matrices and microstates. We prove that Connes' embedding conjecture is equivalent to the equality of two families of synchronous quantum correlation matrices. We prove that if Connes' embedding conjecture has a positive answer, then the tracial rank and projective rank are equal for every graph. We then apply these results to more general non-local games.
description: 10 pages
Radiative Return Capabilities of a High-Energy, High-Luminosity $e^+e^-$ Collider
Creators: name: Karliner, Marek
name: Low, Matthew
name: Rosner, Jonathan L.
name: Wang, Lian-Tao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An electron-positron collider operating at a center-of-mass energy $E_{CM}$ can collect events at all lower energies through initial-state radiation (ISR or radiative return). We explore the capabilities for radiative return studies by a proposed high-luminosity collider at $E_{CM}$ = 250 or 90 GeV, to fill in gaps left by lower-energy colliders such as PEP, PETRA, TRISTAN, and LEP. These capabilities are compared with those of the lower-energy $e^+e^-$ colliders as well as hadron colliders such as the Tevatron and the CERN Large Hadron Collider (LHC). Some examples of accessible questions in dark photon searches and heavy flavor spectroscopy are given.
description: 26 pages, 11 figures, 5 tables
Applications of electrochemical devices for antibiotic resistance detection and biofilm removal
Creators: name: Tibbits, Gretchen
Publisher: name: Washington State University
Year: 2022

description: The objectives of this dissertation were to develop electrochemical platforms for monitoring cellular respiration and removing pathogenic bacterial biofilms. My Ph.D. focused on two directions of pathogen treatment: electrochemical antibiotic susceptibility testing and electrochemically generated biocides for antibiotic-alternative biofilm removal. Electron transport within bacteria plays a critical role in respiration. The first objective was directly measuring changes in electron transport from bacteria to an electrode with antibiotic challenge as an indication of antibiotic susceptibility or resistance. An electron mediator (phenazine methosulfate) was provided to transport the electrons from bacteria to electrodes. Electrochemical measurements decreased the time for antibiotic susceptibility results from 48 h to less than 90 min when tested with four critical pathogens with four antibiotics: Staphylococcus aureus, Acinetobacter baumannii, Klebsiella pneumonia, and Escherichia coli treated with tobramycin, ciprofloxacin, imipenem, and oxacillin. Faster antibiotic susceptibility results could improve patient outcomes and antibiotic efficacy. The second objective of this dissertation was to study the efficacy, toxicity, and transport of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and hypochlorous (HOCl) in ex vivo S. aureus biofilms in a porcine explant biofilm model. H2O2 and HOCl non-specifically target cells and can permeate into the biofilm and explant. We showed that a H2O2-producing e-bandage strongly effected S. aureus colonization and removed 5.4 log10 CFU/cm2 of a young biofilm with a 24 h treatments. The HOCl-producing e-bandage was even more effective, completely inhibiting S. aureus infection with a 12 h treatment and significantly removing mature biofilms with 6, 12, and 24 h treatments. Both H2O2 and HOCl permeated the hydrogel atop the explants and into the explant/biofilm by 300 µm. Toxicity of the e-bandages was also assessed, with a 33% reduction in viability when an H2O2-producing e-bandage was applied on day three and an average reduction of 64% with the HOCl-producing e-bandage, regardless of treatment time or day. Overall, the conclusions of these studies were that antibiotic susceptibility testing can be expedited by electrochemically monitoring cellular respiration and that electrochemically generated biocides are effective at removing ex vivo S. aureus biofilms.
title: Open to Suggestion: Ordering, Risk and Invention in Community Mental Health Work
Creators: name: Stronge, Paul
Publisher: name: Goldsmiths, University of London
Year: 2010

description: Accounts of contemporary mental health policy and practice are contested and diverse. Yet they tend to share an implicit ontological commitment to a logic or 'register' of specialism. That is, they fundamentally assume the existence of a range of professional and disciplinary activities designated by 'mental health work' may be unproblematically divided off from other areas of social activity and relations. In this thesis I contrast the register of specialism to a register of suggestion. Firstly, this notion evokes comparatively neglected aspects of the histories that condition present-day practice. More importantly, making primary recourse throughout the thesis to the work of A.N. Whitehead as inspiration and lure, I argue that suggestion offers a fertile conceptual device that problematises subject-predicate modes of thought underpinning 'specialist' accounts. Moreover my approach opens up inter-connections and contingencies between mental health work and the affective as well as socio-technical dimensions of everyday life. The thesis draws on empirical material gathered during a six-month ethnographic study of a multidisciplinary Community Mental Health Team in London. Using the contrast between suggestion and specialism as a key conceptual device I focus on team members' experience of risk and of the tension between crisis and routine and on the ways in which they participate in the constant reconfiguration of order within their day-to-day work. I will argue that regarding workers as constantly and fundamentally 'open to suggestion' not only allows otherwise neglected and creative aspects of practice to emerge to the fore. It also raises important methodological and epistemological questions concerning processes of social change and (insofar as adoption of the register of suggestion bears implications for the notion of an ethnographic sensibility) for the enterprise of social research itself. Thus the thesis reaches beyond the remit of mental health work as conventionally interpreted. It resonates with established and contemporary controversies within social theory around methodological challenges and limitations and within the sociology of health and medicine around the nature of therapeutic change. It is posited simultaneously as directly relevant to practitioners and policy-makers working in the mental health field and as an intervention in these ongoing social-theoretical debates.
How large should the QM region be in QM/MM calculations? The case of catechol O-methyltransferase
Creators: name: Kulik, Heather J.
name: Zhang, Jianyu
name: Klinman, Judith P.
name: Martinez, Todd J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Biomolecules (q-bio.BM)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Hybrid quantum mechanical-molecular mechanical (QM/MM) simulations are widely used in studies of enzymatic catalysis. Until recently, it has been cost prohibitive to determine the asymptotic limit of key energetic and structural properties with respect to increasingly large QM regions. Leveraging recent advances in electronic structure efficiency and accuracy, we investigate catalytic properties in catechol O-methyltransferase, a representative example of a methyltransferase critical to human health. Using QM regions ranging in size from reactants-only (64 atoms) to nearly one-third of the entire protein (940 atoms), we show that properties such as the activation energy approach within chemical accuracy of the large-QM asymptotic limits rather slowly, requiring approximately 500-600 atoms if the QM residues are chosen simply by distance from the substrate. This slow approach to asymptotic limit is due to charge transfer from protein residues to the reacting substrates. Our large QM/MM calculations enable identification of charge separation for fragments in the transition state as a key component of enzymatic methyl transfer rate enhancement. We introduce charge shift analysis that reveals the minimum number of protein residues (ca. 11-16 residues or 200-300 atoms for COMT) needed for quantitative agreement with large-QM simulations. The identified residues are not those that would be typically selected using criteria such as chemical intuition or proximity. These results provide a recipe for a more careful determination of QM region sizes in future QM/MM studies of enzymes.
description: 27 pages, 10 figures
CDK Inhibitor p18INK4c Is Required for the Generation of Functional Plasma Cells
Creators: name: Cunningham, Adam
name: Ursini-Siegel, Josie
name: MacLennan, Ian
name: Franklin, David
name: Xiong, Yue
name: Chen, Meihong
name: Lee, Hayyoung
name: Chen-Kiang, Selina
name: Toellner, Kai-Michael
name: Qin, Xiao-Feng
name: Ely, Scott
name: Tourigny, Michelle
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2002

description: B cell terminal differentiation is associated with the onset of high-level antibody secretion and cell cycle arrest. Here the cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitor p18INK4c is shown to be required within B cells for both terminating cell proliferation and differentiation of functional plasma cells. In its absence, B cells hyperproliferate in germinal centers and extrafollicular foci in response to T-dependent antigens but serum antibody titers are severely reduced, despite unimpaired germinal center formation, class switch recombination, variable region-directed hypermutation, and differentiation to antibody-containing plasmacytoid cells. The novel link between cell cycle control and plasma cell differentiation may, at least in part, relate to p18INK4c inhibition of CDK6. Cell cycle arrest mediated by p18INK4C is therefore requisite for the generation of functional plasma cells.
Excitation Gap of Fractal Quantum Hall States in Graphene
Creators: name: Luo, Wenchen
name: Chakraborty, Tapash
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the presence of a magnetic field and an external periodic potential, the Landau level spectrum of a two-dimensional electron gas exhibits a fractal pattern in the energy spectrum which is described as the Hofstadter's butterfly. In this work, we develop a Hartree-Fock theory to deal with the electron-electron interaction in the Hofstadter's butterfly state in a finite-size graphene with periodic boundary conditions, in which we include both spin and valley degrees of freedom. We then treat the butterfly state as an electron crystal so that we could obtain the order parameters of the crystal in the momentum space and also in an infinite sample. The excitation gaps obtained in the infinite sample is comparable to those in the finite-size study, and agree with a recent experimental observation.
description: 4 figures
Learning to Play Foosball: System and Baselines
Creators: name: Moos, Janosch
name: Derstroff, Cedric
name: Schröder, Niklas
name: Clever, Debora
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This work stages Foosball as a versatile platform for advancing scientific research, particularly in the realm of robot learning. We present an automated Foosball table along with its corresponding simulated counterpart, showcasing a diverse range of challenges through example tasks within the Foosball environment. Initial findings are shared using a simple baseline approach. Foosball constitutes a versatile learning environment with the potential to yield cutting-edge research in various fields of artificial intelligence and machine learning, notably robust learning, while also extending its applicability to industrial robotics and automation setups. To transform our physical Foosball table into a research-friendly system, we augmented it with a 2 degrees of freedom kinematic chain to control the goalkeeper rod as an initial setup with the intention to be extended to the full game as soon as possible. Our experiments reveal that a realistic simulation is essential for mastering complex robotic tasks, yet translating these accomplishments to the real system remains challenging, often accompanied by a performance decline. This emphasizes the critical importance of research in this direction. In this concern, we spotlight the automated Foosball table as an invaluable tool, possessing numerous desirable attributes, to serve as a demanding learning environment for advancing robotics and automation research.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures, 2024 IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation (ICRA 2024)
A Defect in the Nuclear Translocation of CIITA Causes a Form of Type II Bare Lymphocyte Syndrome
Creators: name: Cressman, Drew
name: Taxman, Debra
name: Chin, Keh-Chuang
name: Ting, Jenny
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1999

description: The severe immunodeficiency type II bare lymphocyte syndrome (BLS) lacks class II MHC gene transcription. One defect from a complementation group A type II BLS patient is a 24 aa deletion in the MHC class II transactivator (CIITA). We show here that the molecular defect present in this protein is a failure of CIITA to undergo nuclear translocation. This defect was mapped to a position-dependent, novel nuclear localization sequence that cannot be functionally replaced by a classical NLS. Fusion of this 5 aa motif to an unrelated protein leads to nuclear translocation. Furthermore, this motif is not critical for transactivation function. This is a description of a genetic disease resulting from a novel defect in the subcellular localization of a transcriptional coactivator.
(102515) John Young Copeman
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Ion-electron instabilities in the precursor of weakly magnetized, transrelativistic shocks
Creators: name: Abounnasr, Théo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Collisionless shocks are known to induce turbulence via upstream ion reflection within the precursor region. This study elucidates the properties of electrostatic and electromagnetic instabilities, exploring their role over the transrelativistic range. Notably, the growth of oblique Buneman waves and previously overlooked, secondary small-scale ion-electron instabilities is observed to be particularly promoted in the relativistic regime. Furthermore, the growth of large-scale electromagnetic modes encounters severe limitations in any cold, baryon-loaded precursor. It is argued that electron pre-heating in electrostatic modes may alleviate these constraints, facilitating the subsequent growth of large-scale filamentation modes in the precursor of transrelativistic shocks.
description: 15 pages
Regulation of Mitochondrial Antiviral Signaling Pathways
Creators: name: Ting, Jenny P-Y
name: Moore, Chris
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: Mitochondrial antiviral immunity involves the detection of viral RNA by intracellular pattern-recognition receptors (PRRs) belonging to the RIG-I-like helicase family. The convergence of these and other signaling molecules to the outer mitochondrial membrane results in the rapid induction of antiviral cytokines including type-1 interferon. Here, we discuss recent studies describing new molecules implicated in the regulation of this antiviral response.
Scintillation efficiency measurement of Na recoils in NaI(Tl) below the DAMA/LIBRA energy threshold
Creators: name: Xu, Jingke
name: Shields, Emily
name: Calaprice, Frank
name: Westerdale, Shawn
name: Froborg, Francis
name: Suerfu, Burkhant
name: Alexander, Thomas
name: Aprahamian, Ani
name: Back, Henning O.
name: Casarella, Clark
name: Fang, Xiao
name: Gupta, Yogesh K.
name: Ianni, Aldo
name: Lamere, Edward
name: Lippincott, W. Hugh
name: Liu, Qian
name: Lyons, Stephanie
name: Siegl, Kevin
name: Smith, Mallory
name: Tan, Wanpeng
name: Kolk, Bryant Vande
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The dark matter interpretation of the DAMA modulation signal depends on the NaI(Tl) scintillation efficiency of nuclear recoils. Previous measurements for Na recoils have large discrepancies, especially in the DAMA/LIBRA modulation energy region. We report a quenching effect measurement of Na recoils in NaI(Tl) from 3keV$_{\text{nr}}$ to 52keV$_{\text{nr}}$, covering the whole DAMA/LIBRA energy region for light WIMP interpretations. By using a low-energy, pulsed neutron beam, a double time-of-flight technique, and pulse-shape discrimination methods, we obtained the most accurate measurement of this kind for NaI(Tl) to date. The results differ significantly from the DAMA reported values at low energies, but fall between the other previous measurements. We present the implications of the new quenching results for the dark matter interpretation of the DAMA modulation signal.
Superconducting/magnetic three state nanodevice for memory and reading applications
Creators: name: del Valle, J.
name: Gomez, A.
name: Gonzalez, E. M.
name: Osorio, M. R.
name: Granados, D.
name: Vicent, J. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a simple nanodevice that can operate in two modes: i) three-state memory and ii) reading device. The nanodevice is fabricated with an array of ordered triangular-shaped nanomagnets embedded in a superconducting thin film. The input signal is ac current and the output signal is dc voltage. Vortex ratchet effect in combination with out of plane magnetic anisotropy of the nanomagnets is the background physics which governs the nanodevice performance.
description: 10 pages, 4 figures
Interview data from "Fishers' solutions for hammerhead shark conservation in Peru"
Creators: name: Mason, Julia Grace
Publisher: name: Stanford Digital Repository
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: semi-structured interviews
subject: interview transcripts
subject: Small-scale fisheries
subject: Hammerhead sharks
subject: Hopkins Marine Station
subject: Peru
subject: Biology
subject: Environmental sciences

description: These are the interview protocols and transcripts from 88 semi-structured interviews conducted with small-scale drift gillnet captains or boat owners in northern Peru. The purpose of the study was to elicit fishers' perspectives on the context of juvenile hammerhead fishing in Peru, their qualitative and quantitative ecological knowledge of where and how they catch hammerheads, and their perceptions of a seasonal hammerhead ban implemented in 2016. Interviews were conducted between February 8, 2018 and March 11, 2018 in three major ports landing juvenile hammerhead sharks: Salaverry, San José, and Máncora. Interviews were conducted in Spanish and recorded as handwritten notes that the author transcribed and translated into English. The interview protocol was approved by Stanford University's Institutional Review Board on January 11, 2018, protocol #44763.
Dietary indigestible saccharides reduce mucosal serotonin by increasing bifidobacteria in murine colon
Creators: name: Sonoyama, Kei
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Supplemental Tables 1-3Supplemental Figs 1-3
(102520) Dudley Stuart-Prince
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Examples and properties of nonexact ergodic shift measures
Creators: name: Eigen, Stanley
name: Hawkins, Jane
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1999

description: We construct examples of nonexact n-to-one shifts. We first construct examples of one-sided shift measures with maximal automorphic factors of any prescribed finite cardinality. Then we give an example of a two-to-one shift with a maximal automorphic factor which is an odometer.
The Born Rule and Time-Reversal Symmetry of Quantum Equations of Motion
Creators: name: Ilyin, Aleksey V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It was repeatedly underlined in literature that quantum mechanics cannot be considered a closed theory if the Born Rule is postulated rather than derived from the first principles. In this work the Born Rule is derived from the time-reversal symmetry of quantum equations of motion. The derivation is based on a simple functional equation that takes into account properties of probability, as well as the linearity and time-reversal symmetry of quantum equations of motion. The derivation presented in this work also allows to determine certain limits to applicability of the Born Rule.
description: 4 pages, 1 figure
Dietary indigestible saccharides reduce mucosal serotonin by increasing bifidobacteria in murine colon
Creators: name: Sonoyama, Kei
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Supplemental Tables 1-3Supplemental Figs 1, 2
LLM4PM: A case study on using Large Language Models for Process Modeling in Enterprise Organizations
Creators: name: Ziche, Clara
name: Apruzzese, Giovanni
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We investigate the potential of using Large Language Models (LLM) to support process model creation in organizational contexts. Specifically, we carry out a case study wherein we develop and test an LLM-based chatbot, PRODIGY (PROcess moDellIng Guidance for You), in a multinational company, the Hilti Group. We are particularly interested in understanding how LLM can aid (human) modellers in creating process flow diagrams. To this purpose, we first conduct a preliminary user study (n=10) with professional process modellers from Hilti, inquiring for various pain-points they encounter in their daily routines. Then, we use their responses to design and implement PRODIGY. Finally, we evaluate PRODIGY by letting our user study's participants use PRODIGY, and then ask for their opinion on the pros and cons of PRODIGY. We coalesce our results in actionable takeaways. Through our research, we showcase the first practical application of LLM for process modelling in the real world, shedding light on how industries can leverage LLM to enhance their Business Process Management activities.
description: 10 pages, 6 figures