cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Low-density polyethylene films treated by an atmospheric Ar-O2 post-discharge: functionalization, etching, degradation and partial recovery of the native wettability state
Creators: name: DUFOUR, Thierry
name: Abou Rich, Sami
name: Leroy, Perrine
name: Nittler, Laurent
name: Pirreaux, Jean-Jacques
name: Reniers, François
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 510602
subject: Plasma physics; fusion plasmas; electrical discharges

description: To optimize the adhesion of layers presenting strong barrier properties on low-density polyethylene (LDPE) surfaces, we investigated the influence of argon and argon-oxygen atmospheric pressure post-discharges. This study was performed using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy, optical emission spectroscopy (OES) and dynamic water contact angle (WCA) measurements. After the plasma treatment, a slight increase in the roughness was emphasized, more particularly for the samples treated in a post-discharge supplied in oxygen. Measurements of the surface roughness and of the oxygen surface concentration suggested the competition of two processes playing a role on the surface hydrophilicity and occurring during the post-discharge treatment: the etching and the activation of the surface. The etching rate was estimated to about 2.7 nm.s−1 and 5.8 nm.s−1 for Ar and Ar-O2 post-discharges, respectively. The mechanisms underlying this etching were investigated through experiments, in which we discuss the influence of the O2 flow rate and the distance (gap) separating the plasma torch from the LDPE surface located downstream. O atoms and NO molecules (emitting in the UV range) detected by OES seem to be good candidates to explain the etching process. An ageing study is also presented to evidence the stability of the treated surfaces over 60 days. After 60 days of storage, we showed that whatever the O2 flow rate, the treated films registered a loss of their hydrophilic state since their WCA increased towards a common threshold of 80°. This ‘hydrophobic recovery’ effect was mostly attributed to the reorientation of induced polar chemical groups into the bulk of the material. Indeed, the relative concentrations of the carbonyl and carboxyl groups at the surface decreased with the storage time and seemed to reach a plateau after 30 days.
Additional file 1 of Optimized diagnosis-based comorbidity measures for all-cause mortality prediction in a national population-based ICU population
Creators: name: Aronsson Dannewitz, Anna
name: Svennblad, Bodil
name: Michaëlsson, Karl
name: Lipcsey, Miklos
name: Gedeborg, Rolf
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology

description: Additional file 1. Optimized diagnosis-based comorbidity measures for all-cause mortality prediction in a national population-based ICU population - Supplementary online only material.
Open Access in den Geistes- und Sozialwissenschaften: Perspektiven für bibliothekarische Dienstleistungen
Creators: name: Rücker, Benjamin
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Open Acess; Geisteswissenschaften; Sozialwissenschaften; Umfrage
subject: 020 Bibliotheks- und Informationswissenschaft
subject: AN 48000
subject: HS (JITA)
subject: AN 73000

description: Während sich allmählich ein wissenschaftspolitischer Konsens für die Unterstützung von Open Access formiert, ist die Akzeptanz unter Wissenschaftlern noch stark vom jeweils betrachteten Fachgebiet abhängig. Dieser Artikel beruht auf einer Umfrage unter Geistes- und Sozialwissenschaftlern der Universität Regensburg. Eruiert wurden die Einstellungen der Wissenschaftler zu Open Access – unter spezieller Berücksichtigung der lokalen Open Access Dienstleistungen, welche die Universitätsbibliothek Regensburg mit einem neu gestalteten Publikationsserver anbietet.
POTENTIAL STRATEGIES TO OVERCOME THE CHALLENGES IN BLENDED LEARNING MODELS IN EFL/ESL CONTEXTS: A COMPREHENSIVE ANALYSIS
Creators: name: Tursunova Munisa Muhammadsharif qizi, Independent researcher
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Blended learning, which combines traditional face-to-face instruction with online learning activities, has gained significant attention in the field of English as a Foreign Language (EFL) and English as a Second Language (ESL) education. (Ding, Gao and Lu, 2017). While blended learning models offer numerous advantages, they also present unique challenges that need to be addressed for effective implementation. This thesis aims to explore the challenges encountered in blended learning models in EFL/ESL contexts, identify their underlying causes, and propose potential strategies to overcome them. The research draws on a comprehensive literature review and empirical studies to provide valuable insights for EFL/ESL educators, curriculum designers, and policymakers. By analyzing the challenges faced in blended learning models in EFL/ESL contexts, this thesis aims to contribute to the existing body of knowledge in the field of language education. This thesis discusses potential strategies to address these challenges and optimize the effectiveness of blended learning.
Cultural heritage in Switzerland and Canton Ticino and their inventories
Creators: name: Pucciarelli, Marta
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Cultural heritage protection
Natural hazards
Cultural assets in Switzerland
Cultural inventories in Switzerland

description: Existing approaches for cataloguing cultural assets and archives are collected and analysed for preliminary evaluations on their possible integration at Alpine scale. As part of activity 2.2, a research was carried out on the available catalogues of cultural assets in Switzerland, addressing both the national level and the regional level of Canton Ticino.
 The activity describes the system of cultural property protection in Switzerland and in Canton Ticino and it surveys the national and regional inventories considered of interest in the context of this project, addressing the list of cultural heritage, sites and monuments to protect in case of natural catastrophe.
description: Deliverable in the frame of the European project Interreg Alpine Space CHEERS Cultural Heritage. Risks and Securing activities https://www.alpine-space.eu/project/cheers/ Deliverable D.T2.2.1 Knowledge base on geo-spatial catalogues of cultural heritage in the Alpine area (Switzerland)
Additional file 1 of Clinical outcomes and treatment patterns of older adults with dementia-related psychosis by dementia type in the United States
Creators: name: Forns, Joan
name: Danysh, Heather E.
name: McQuay, Lisa J.
name: Turner, Mary Ellen
name: Dempsey, Colleen
name: Anthony, Mary S.
name: Demos, George
name: Layton, J. Bradley
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases

description: Additional file 1.
First Millimeter-wave Spectroscopy of the Ground-state Positronium
Creators: name: Miyazaki, A.
name: Yamazaki, T.
name: Suehara, T.
name: Namba, T.
name: Asai, S.
name: Kobayashi, T.
name: Saito, H.
name: Tatematsu, Y.
name: Ogawa, I.
name: Idehara, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on the first measurement of the Breit-Wigner resonance of the transition from {\it ortho-}positronium to {\it para-}positronium. We have developed an optical system to accumulate a power of over 20 kW using a frequency-tunable gyrotron and a Fabry-Pérot cavity. This system opens a new era of millimeter-wave spectroscopy, and enables us to directly determine both the hyperfine interval and the decay width of {\it p-}Ps.
In-depth diffusion of oxygen into LDPE exposed to an Ar-O2 atmospheric post-discharge: a complementary approach between AR-XPS and Tof-SIMS techniques
Creators: name: DUFOUR, Thierry
name: Abou Rich, Sami
name: Leroy, Perrine
name: Wehbe, Nimer
name: Houssiau, Laurent
name: Reniers, François
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 510602
subject: Plasma physics; fusion plasmas; electrical discharges

description: The in-depth oxygen diffusion into a low density polyethylene film is performed in the post-discharge of an atmospheric plasma torch, supplied in argon as carrier gas and with or without oxygen as reactive gas. The chemical and structural properties of the polymer surface and bulk are studied in terms of plasma parameters (treatment time, power, and reactive gas flow rate). A good correlation between XPS and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analyses is demonstrated. The penetration depth of oxygen into the bulk of the polymer is investigated by angle resolved-XPS and time-of-flight SIMS. It is shown that, depending on the plasma conditions, oxygen could penetrate up to 20-40nm into the low density polyethylene during the atmospheric plasma treatment.
New estimates for the Hardy constants of multipolar Schrödinger operators
Creators: name: Cazacu, Cristian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 46E35, 26D10, 35J75, 35B25

description: In this paper we study the optimization problem $$μ^\star(Ω):=\inf_{u\in \semi}\frac{\into |\n u|^2 \dx}{\into V u^2 \dx}$$ in a suitable functional space $\semi$. Here, $V$ is the multi-singular potential given by $$V:=\sum_{1\leq iμ^\star(\rr^N)$ when $n\geq 3$ and $μ^\star(Ω)=μ^\star(\rr^N)$ when $n=2$ (It is known from \cite{cristi1} that $μ^\star(\rr^N)=(N-2)^2/n^2)$. In the situation when all the poles are located on the boundary we show that $μ^\star(Ω)=N^2/n^2$ if $Ω$ is either a ball, the exterior of a ball or a half-space. Our results do not depend on the distances between the poles. In addition, in the case of boundary singularities we obtain that $μ^\star(Ω)$ is attained in $\hoi$ when $Ω$ is a ball and $n\geq 3$. Besides, $μ^\star(Ω)$ is attained in $\semi$ when $Ω$ is the exterior of a ball with $N\geq 3$ and $n\geq 3$ whereas in the case of a half-space $μ^\star(Ω)$ is attained in $\semi$ when $n\geq 3$. We also analyze the critical constants in the so-called \textit{weak} Hardy inequality which characterizes the range of $μ's$ ensuring the existence of a lower bound for the spectrum of the Schrödinger operator $-Δ-μV$. In the context of both interior and boundary singularities we show that the critical constants in the weak Hardy inequality are $(N-2)^2/(4n-4)$ and $N^2/(4n-4)$, respectively.
description: revisions
HeFDI Data Talk: "DFG requirements on research data management"
Creators: name: Ortrun Brand
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Forschungsdaten
Forschungsdatenmanagement
FDM
Drittmittel
research data
research data management
RDM
third-party funding
HeFDI Data Talks
DFG
Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft

description: When you write a DFG proposal today, you have to comment on research data management. The DFG now expects you to describe and plan how you will handle research data - tailored to your specific project. The management of data can also be in focus, especially during the review and inspection process.But what needs to be taken into account? What support is available? What questions need to be answered regarding data management - and who can I ask for support?In this talk, Dr. Ortrun Brand, coordinator of the state initiative HeFDI - Hessian Research Data Infrastructures, presents the key points of the DFG specifications, necessary considerations and practice examples as well as further support opportunities.

Important note: You can watch a recording of this HeFDI Data Talk under https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=v1QuZuZDQnA . Feel free to also check out our other event recordings there!
description: The "HeFDI Data Talks" are a bi-weekly open information and discussion event around the topic of data management in the context of science, in which relevant NFDI consortia as well as research data management services present themselves. The series discusses current topics and introduces numerous tools and services, including local and regional ones. If you have suggestions or feedback regarding topics, please feel free to contact the HeFDI office (hefdi@uni-marburg.de). If you would like to receive regular updates on our offerings and events, sign up for our newsletter.
description: The HeFDI Data Talks are an offer of the HeFDI Initiative (Landesinitiative HeFDI), which is funded by the Hessian Ministry of Higher Education, Research, Science and the Arts (HMWK).
Complex-analytic quotients of algebraic G-varieties
Creators: name: Greb, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary: 32M05, secondary: 14L24, 14L30, 32E40

description: It is shown that any compact semistable quotient (in the sense of Heinzner and Snow) of a normal algebraic variety by a complex reductive Lie group $G$ is a good quotient. This reduces the investigation and classification of such complex-analytic quotients to the corresponding questions in the algebraic category. As a consequence of our main result, we show that every compact space in Nemirovski's class $\mathscr{Q}_G$ has a realisation as a good quotient, and that every complete algebraic variety in $\mathscr{Q}_G$ is unirational with finitely generated Cox ring and at worst rational singularities. In particular, every compact space in class $\mathscr{Q}_T$, where $T$ is an algebraic torus, is a toric variety.
description: 23 pages; v2: minor corrections and additions as suggested by referee, to appear in Mathematische Annalen
Resumming the string perturbation series
Creators: name: Grassi, Alba
name: Marino, Marcos
name: Zakany, Szabolcs
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use the AdS/CFT correspondence to study the resummation of a perturbative genus expansion appearing in the type II superstring dual of ABJM theory. Although the series is Borel summable, its Borel resummation does not agree with the exact non-perturbative answer due to the presence of complex instantons. The same type of behavior appears in the WKB quantization of the quartic oscillator in Quantum Mechanics, which we analyze in detail as a toy model for the string perturbation series. We conclude that, in these examples, Borel summability is not enough for extracting non-perturbative information, due to non-perturbative effects associated to complex instantons. We also analyze the resummation of the genus expansion for topological string theory on local $\mathbb P^1 \times \mathbb P^1$, which is closely related to ABJM theory. In this case, the non-perturbative answer involves membrane instantons computed by the refined topological string, which are crucial to produce a well-defined result. We give evidence that the Borel resummation of the perturbative series requires such a non-perturbative sector.
description: 31 pages, 9 figures; v3 : clarifications added and misprints corrected
BASIC SOLUTION OF TRANSPORTATION PROBLEM USING THE CONCEPT OF BEST CANDIDATE METHOD AND ITS COMPARISON WITH OTHER METHODS
Creators: name: ETIFWORK MESSELE
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016

description: Transportation problem is one of the classical problems in operational research targeted to

transport a material from various sources to different destinations at a minimum total cost.

This research studies the basic solution of transportation problem using the concept of Best

Candidate Method and compares it with the initial solutions obtained by North-West Corner

Rule, Least Cost Method and Vogel’s Approximation Method. The purpose of this study is to

evaluate the initial basic feasible solution of transportation problem by existing (North-West

Corner, Least Cost, Vogel’s Approximation and Best Candidate) methods, modifying the Best

Candidate Method and comparing the modified Best Candidate Method with existing methods.

To compare the efficiency of the existing heuristic methods with that of modified Best Candidate

Method, computational experiments are performed by randomly selecting seven transportation

problems.
Heavy Flavor in Medium Momentum Evolution: Langevin vs Boltzmann
Creators: name: Das, Santosh K.
name: Scardina, Francesco
name: Plumari, Salvatore
name: Greco, Vincenzo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The propagation of heavy quarks in the quark-gluon plasma (QGP) has been often treated within the framework of the Langevin equation (LV), i.e. assuming the momentum transfer is small or the scatterings are sufficiently forward peaked, small screening mass $m_D$. We address a direct comparison between the Langevin dynamics and the Boltzmann collisional integral (BM) when a bulk medium is in equilibrium at fixed temperature. We show that unless the cross section is quite forward peaked ($m_D\cong T $) or the mass to temperature ratio is quite large ($M_{HQ}/T \gtrsim 8-10$) there are significant differences in the evolution of the $p-$spectra and consequently on nuclear modification factor $R_{AA}(p_T)$. However for charm quark we find that very similar $R_{AA}(p_T)$ between the LV and BM can be obtained, but with a modified diffusion coefficient by about $\sim 15-50\%$ depending on the angular dependence of the cross section which regulates the momentum transfer. Studying also the momentum spread suffered by a single heavy quarks we see that at temperatures $T\gtrsim \, 250\,\rm MeV$ the dynamics of the scatterings is far from being of Brownian type for charm quarks. In the case of bottom quarks we essentially find no differences in the time evolution of the momentum spectra between the LV and the BM dynamics independently of the angular dependence of the cross section, at least in the range of temperature relevant for ultra-relativistic heavy-ion collisions. Finally, we have shown the possible impact of this study on $R_{AA}(p_T)$ and $v_2(p_T)$ for a realistic simulation of relativistic HIC. For larger $m_D$ the elliptic flow can be about $50\%$ larger for the Boltzmann dynamics with respect to the Langevin. This is helpful for a simultaneous reproduction of $R_{AA}(p_T)$ and $v_2(p_T)$.
description: Accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. C . New figs have been included to describe the experimental results
All-optical signal processing platforms for CMOS compatible integrated nonlinear optics
Creators: name: Morandotti, Roberto
name: Moss, David J.
name: Gaeta, Alexander L.
name: Lipson, Michal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Nonlinear photonic chips have enabled the generation and processing of signals using only light, with performance far superior to that possible electronically - particularly with respect to speed. Although silicon-on-insulator has been the leading platform for nonlinear optics, its high two-photon absorption at telecommunications wavelengths poses a fundamental limitation. We review recent progress in non-silicon CMOS-compatible platforms for nonlinear optics, with a focus on Si3N4 and Hydex. These material systems have opened up many new capabilities such as on-chip optical frequency comb generation and ultrafast optical pulse generation and measurement. This review highlights their potential impact as well as the challenges to achieving practical solutions for many key applications.
description: Review Paper, 31 pages, 129 references, 6 figures
Opinion formation with upper and lower bounds
Creators: name: Yano, Ryosuke
name: Martin, Arnaud
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We investigate the opinion formation with upper and lower bounds. We formulate the binary exchange of opinions between two individuals, and effects of the self-thinking and political party using the relativistic Boltzmann-Vlasov type equation with the randomly perturbed motion. The convergent form of the distribution function is determined by the balance between the cooling rate via the binary exchange of opinions between two individuals and the concentration of opinions by the political party, and heating rate via the self-thinking.
description: We revised in April 2014
Critical Casimir Forces and Colloidal Phase Transitions in a Near-Critical Solvent : A Simple Model Reveals a Rich Phase Diagram
Creators: name: Edison, John R.
name: Tasios, Nikos
name: Belli, Simone
name: Evans, Robert
name: van Roij, Rene
name: Dijkstra, Marjolein
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: From experimental studies it is well-known that colloidal particles suspended in a near-critical binary solvent exhibit interesting aggregation phenomena, often associated with colloidal phase transitions, and assumed to be driven by long-ranged solvent mediated (SM) interactions (critical Casimir forces), set by the (diverging) correlation length of the solvent. We present the first simulation and theoretical study of an explicit model of a ternary mixture that mimics this situation. Both the effective SM pair interactions and the full ternary phase diagram are determined for Brownian discs suspended in an explicit two-dimensional supercritical binary liquid mixture. Gas-liquid and fluid-solid transitions are observed in a region that extends well-away from criticality of the solvent reservoir. We discuss to what extent an effective pair-potential description can account for the phase behavior we observe. Our study provides a fresh perspective on how critical fluctuations of the solvent might influence colloidal self-assembly.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures
Graphs with many valencies and few eigenvalues
Creators: name: van Dam, Edwin R.
name: Koolen, Jack H.
name: Xia, Zheng-jiang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05C50

description: Dom de Caen posed the question whether connected graphs with three distinct eigenvalues have at most three distinct valencies. We do not answer this question, but instead construct connected graphs with four and five distinct eigenvalues and arbitrarily many distinct valencies. The graphs with four distinct eigenvalues come from regular two-graphs. As a side result, we characterize the disconnected graphs and the graphs with three distinct eigenvalues in the switching class of a regular two-graph.
Confronting models for the high-frequency QPOs with Lense-Thirring precession
Creators: name: Stefanov, Ivan Zh.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quasiperiodic oscillations (QPOs) have been observed in the power-density spectra of some low-mass X-ray binaries(LMXB) containing a black hole. The two major groups of QPOs -- low-frequency and high-frequency -- have rather different properties. That is why they are usually studied separately. In the literature one can find a large number of models for the high-frequency QPOs but not so many for the low-frequency ones. HF QPOs have attracted significant research efforts due to their potential to provide indispensable information for the properties of the black hole, for its accretion disc and for strong field gravity in general. However, in order to interpret the data for the HF QPOs of the observed objects we have to fix a model. Here we propose a simple test which could allow us to sift the models. The test is based on five rather general assumptions concerning the nature of the central object in black-hole binaries and the mechanism for the generation of the LF QPOs observed in the PDS of such objects. In other words we combine facts that we know about the LF and the HF QPOs of several objects and search for conflicts. As a result we single out a model for the HF QPOs -- the 3:2 nolinear resonance model. As a byproduct of this study we propose loose constraints on the mass of the LMXB H 1743-322.
description: replaced to match published version in MNRAS
Position and momentum uncertainties of a particle in a V-shaped potential under the minimal length uncertainty relation
Creators: name: Lewis, Zachary
name: Roman, Ahmed
name: Takeuchi, Tatsu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate the uncertainties in the position and momentum of a particle in the 1D potential V(x)=F|x|, F>0, when the position and momentum operators obey the deformed commutation relation [x,p]=i\hbar(1+βp^2), β>0. As in the harmonic oscillator case, which was investigated in a previous publication, the Hamiltonian H_1 = p^2/2m + F|x| admits discrete positive energy eigenstates for both positive and negative mass. The uncertainties for the positive mass states behave as Δx ~ 1/Δp as in the β=0 limit. For the negative mass states, however, in contrast to the harmonic oscillator case where we had Δx ~ Δp, both Δx and Δp diverge. We argue that the existence of the negative mass states and the divergence of their uncertainties can be understood by taking the classical limit of the theory. Comparison of our results is made with previous work by Benczik.
description: 25 pages revtex4-1, 36 pdf figures, updated introduction
Duality of 2D gravity as a local Fourier duality
Creators: name: Luu, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 79

description: The p - q duality is a relation between the (p,q) model and the (q,p) model of two-dimensional quantum gravity. Geometrically this duality corresponds to a relation between the two relevant points of the Sato Grassmannian. Kharchev and Marshakov have expressed such a relation in terms of matrix integrals. Some explicit formulas for small p and q have been given in the work of Fukuma-Kawai-Nakayama. Already in the duality between the (2,3) model and the (3,2) model the formulas are long. In this work a new approach to p - q duality is given: It can be realized in a precise sense as a local Fourier duality of D-modules. This result is obtained as a special case of a local Fourier duality between irregular connections associated to Kac-Schwarz operators. Therefore, since these operators correspond to Virasoro constraints, this allows to view the p - q duality as a consequence of the duality of the relevant Virasoro constraints.
description: To appear in Commun. Math. Phys
Additional file 1 of Trend analyses of TIMSS 2015 and 2019: school factors related to declining performance in mathematics
Creators: name: Nilsen, Trude
name: Kaarstein, Hege
name: Lehre, Anne-Catherine
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1. Separate models.
Fast quantum Monte Carlo on a GPU
Creators: name: Lutsyshyn, Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a scheme for the parallelization of quantum Monte Carlo on graphical processing units, focusing on bosonic systems and variational Monte Carlo. We use asynchronous execution schemes with shared memory persistence, and obtain an excellent acceleration. Comparing with single core execution, GPU-accelerated code runs over x100 faster. The CUDA code is provided along with the package that is necessary to execute variational Monte Carlo for a system representing liquid helium-4. The program was benchmarked on several models of Nvidia GPU, including Fermi GTX560 and M2090, and the latest Kepler architecture K20 GPU. Kepler-specific optimization is discussed.
description: Version two has improved figures and text changes in response to pier-review process
Searching for New Physics in the Differential Decay Width of a Lambda_b Semi-leptonic Decay
Creators: name: Di Salvo, E.
name: Ajaltouni, Z. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose to investigate the effects of new physics in the semi-leptonic sequential decay $Λ_b \to Λ_c (\to Λπ) τ{\bar ν}_τ$. Firstly, we write the general, model independent, non-covariant expression of the differential decay width of the process. Then, we calculate that observable according to three different types of new physics interactions, which might explain the tension of data with the standard model predictions. We find that some coefficients of the differential decay width are sensitive to the kind of interaction that is assumed. The measurements that we suggest seem to be feasible.
description: 10 pages
Wege zu weniger klimaschädlichem Luftverkehr – Politik in Deutschland
Creators: name: Menge, Susanne
Publisher: name: Hamburg : HAW Hamburg
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Luftfahrt
subject: Flugzeug
subject: CO2
subject: NOx
subject: Klima
subject: EU
subject: Deutschland
subject: ICAO
subject: IATA
subject: BDL
subject: DLR
subject: EASA
subject: Emissionen
subject: ETS
subject: Kerosin
subject: Steuer
subject: Luftverkehr
subject: 629.13

description: Fliegen bringt unsere Welt näher zusammen und das ist gut so. Fliegen ist aber auch eine der klimaschädlichsten Arten des Reisens. Der Traum vom Fliegen hat sich für die Menschheit erfüllt. Nun muss auch der Traum vom klimaneutralen Fliegen wahr werden, ein "weiter so" ist keine Option. Diese Erkenntnis hat sich bei vielen Entscheidern durchgesetzt. In Forschung, Entwicklung und Industrie wird hervorragende Arbeit geleistet, um dieses Ziel zu erreichen. Die Branche selbst hat jedoch noch nicht alle Reflexe abgelegt, um Entwicklungen zu bremsen, die dem Wachstum des Luftverkehrs einen Dämpfer verleihen könnten. Dabei ist der Weg aus der Klimakrise bis auf weiteres nicht mit einer reinen Antriebs- oder Kraftstoffwende zu bewältigen, das gilt sowohl für Verkehre am Boden, als auch in der Luft.
Additional file 1 of Contextualizing critical thinking about health using digital technology in secondary schools in Kenya: a qualitative analysis
Creators: name: Chesire, Faith
name: Ochieng, Marlyn
name: Mugisha, Michael
name: Ssenyonga, Ronald
name: Oxman, Matt
name: Nsangi, Allen
name: Semakula, Daniel
name: Nyirazinyoye, Laetitia
name: Lewin, Simon
name: Sewankambo, Nelson K.
name: Kaseje, Margaret
name: Oxman, Andrew D.
name: Rosenbaum, Sarah
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1. Interview guides.
Interferon-gamma is required in activation of macrophages for tumor cytotoxicity
Creators: name: Männel, Daniela N.
name: Falk, Werner
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 1983
Subjects: subject: 610 Medizin
subject: Animals
subject: Antibodies, Monoclonal/physiology
subject: Cytotoxicity, Immunologic
subject: Female
subject: Fibrosarcoma/immunology
subject: Immunosorbent Techniques
subject: Interferon-gamma/physiology
subject: Interleukin-2/analysis
subject: Lymphokines/physiology
subject: Macrophage Activation
subject: Macrophage-Activating Factors
subject: Male
subject: Mice
subject: Mice, Inbred C3H
subject: Neutralization Tests
subject: Rats
subject: Rats, Inbred Strains
subject: Vesicular stomatitis Indiana virus/growth & development

description: The participation of interferon-gamma in activation of murine macrophages for tumor cell lysis was investigated. Biochemically macrophage activation factor and interferon-gamma have not been separated. Antiviral titers correlated closely with macrophage activation in antigen- or mitogen-induced spleen cell supernatants. A monoclonal rat antibody that neutralized virus-induced interferon was also found to neutralize interferon-gamma in such supernatants. These monoclonal antibodies were coupled to CH-Sepharose 4B and used for absorption of antiviral activity from mitogen-induced spleen cell supernatants. Absorption of the interferon was paralleled by the reduction of the macrophage-activating capacity of the supernatants. Data from control absorptions supported the specificity of the absorption effect. These results indicate that interferon-gamma is required for activation of macrophages for tumor cell lysis. These results can be interpreted in two ways: (a) the monoclonal antibodies cross-react with interferon-gamma and with a mediator that is required for activation of macrophages for tumor cell lysis or (b) interferon-gamma itself is an essential cofactor for macrophage activation.
Majorana coupling and Kondo screening of localized spins
Creators: name: Wójcik, Krzysztof P.
name: Majek, Piotr
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We perform a theoretical analysis of the fate of local magnetic moment of a quantum dot coupled to a normal metallic lead and a topological superconducting wire hosting Majorana modes at the ends. By means of simple analytical tools and numerical renormalization group calculations we show that the proximity of Majorana mode reduces the magnetic moment from $1/4$, characteristic of a free spin $1/2$, to $1/16$. The coupling to the normal lead then causes the Kondo effect, such that the magnetic moment is fully screened below the Kondo temperature. The latter is vastly increased for strong coupling to Majorana mode.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures. Conference proceedings
Sterile neutrinos help reconcile the observational results of primordial gravitational waves from Planck and BICEP2
Creators: name: Zhang, Jing-Fei
name: Li, Yun-He
name: Zhang, Xin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that involving a sterile neutrino species in the $Λ$CDM+$r$ model can help relieve the tension about the tensor-to-scalar ratio $r$ between the Planck temperature data and the BICEP2 B-mode polarization data. Such a model is called the $Λ$CDM+$r$+$ν_s$ model in this paper. Compared to the $Λ$CDM+$r$ model, there are two extra parameters, $N_{\rm eff}$ and $m_{ν,{\rm sterile}}^{\rm eff}$, in the $Λ$CDM+$r$+$ν_s$ model. We show that in this model the tension between Planck and BICEP2 can be greatly relieved at the cost of the increase of $n_s$. However, comparing with the $Λ$CDM+$r$+$dn_s/d\ln k$ model that can significantly reduce the tension between Planck and BICEP2 but also makes trouble to inflation due to the large running of the spectral index of order $10^{-2}$ produced, the $Λ$CDM+$r$+$ν_s$ model is much better for inflation. By including a sterile neutrino species in the standard cosmology, besides the tension with BICEP2, the other tensions of Planck with other astrophysical data, such as the $H_0$ direct measurement, the Sunyaev-Zeldovich cluster counts, and the galaxy shear data, can all be significantly relieved. So, this model seems to be an economical choice. Combining the Planck temperature data, the WMAP-9 polarization data, and the baryon acoustic oscillation data with all these astrophysical data (including BICEP2), we find that in the $Λ$CDM+$r$+$ν_s$ model $n_s=0.999\pm 0.011$, $r=0.21^{+0.04}_{-0.05}$, $N_{\rm eff}=3.95\pm 0.33$ and $m_{ν,{\rm sterile}}^{\rm eff}=0.51^{+0.12}_{-0.13}$ eV. Thus, our results prefer $ΔN_{\rm eff}>0$ at the 2.7$σ$ level and a nonzero mass of sterile neutrino at the 3.9$σ$ level.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures
title: The Helmholtz Research Field Earth & Environment DataHub and its NFDI4Earth connection
Creators: name: Braesicke , Peter
name: Bertelmann , Roland
name: Bumberger , Jan
name: Lorenz , Sören
Publisher: name: Deutsche Geologische Gesellschaft - Geologische Vereinigung e.V. (DGGV)
Year: 2021

description: Digitalisation and FAIR data are overarching elements in the Helmholtz Research Field Earth and Environment (RF E&E) Program-Oriented Funding Phase IV (PoF IV). Already in the transition years from PoF III to PoF IV (2019/2020) different measures were implemented to facilitate this aim. One of them is the so-called DataHub, with the aim that all Earth System (ES) data that is generated by the RF E&E will be available as FAIR data via a common access point. To achieve this, three thematic SubHubs have been created: for atmospheric data (ATMO), for maritime data (MARE, also including DAM) and for terrestrial data (TERRA). The three SubHubs (ATMO, MARE, TERRA) are interlinked by thematic working groups and are continuously developed. In addition, the SubHubs are undergoing a continuous integration process that aims at a common access point and improved interoperability of data, products and services. Here, a presentation via web-based services will be available soon, with common thematic viewers that also provide stakeholder relevant products, in addition to the actual underlying data. The DataHub will be maintained and continuously developed as a long-lasting project that will also support aspects of the NFDI process in general and the NFDI4Earth in particular, thus benefiting the ES sciences in Germany in general.
BioGPT: Generative Pre-trained Transformer for Biomedical Text Generation and Mining
Creators: name: Luo, Renqian
name: Sun, Liai
name: Xia, Yingce
name: Qin, Tao
name: Zhang, Sheng
name: Poon, Hoifung
name: Liu, Tie-Yan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Pre-trained language models have attracted increasing attention in the biomedical domain, inspired by their great success in the general natural language domain. Among the two main branches of pre-trained language models in the general language domain, i.e., BERT (and its variants) and GPT (and its variants), the first one has been extensively studied in the biomedical domain, such as BioBERT and PubMedBERT. While they have achieved great success on a variety of discriminative downstream biomedical tasks, the lack of generation ability constrains their application scope. In this paper, we propose BioGPT, a domain-specific generative Transformer language model pre-trained on large scale biomedical literature. We evaluate BioGPT on six biomedical NLP tasks and demonstrate that our model outperforms previous models on most tasks. Especially, we get 44.98%, 38.42% and 40.76% F1 score on BC5CDR, KD-DTI and DDI end-to-end relation extraction tasks respectively, and 78.2% accuracy on PubMedQA, creating a new record. Our case study on text generation further demonstrates the advantage of BioGPT on biomedical literature to generate fluent descriptions for biomedical terms. Code is available at https://github.com/microsoft/BioGPT.
description: Published at Briefings in Bioinformatics. Code is available at https://github.com/microsoft/BioGPT
« Un gusto influido: las élites del sudoeste de Francia y las modas alimentarias en el siglo XVIII. », in A. Millán Fuertes (ed.), Arbitrario cultural. Racionalidad e irracionalidad del comportamiento comensal. Homenaje a Igor de Garine, Huesca, La Val de Onsera, 2004, pp. 635-648.
Creators: name: Duhart, Frédéric
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2004
Subjects: History of Food
Fashion
Elite Foodways
Early Modern France
Anthropology of Food

description: La adopción de los productos o de las técnicas culinarias de moda por las elites del sudoeste de Francia en el siglo XVIII resulta de una elección, del ejercicio de un arbitrario cultural. Esta manifestación de buen gusto alimentario engendra una irracionalidad económica y toma una dimensión ostentatoria en algunas ocasiones, sin embargo necesita un contexto socioeconómico especial.

In the 18th century, when the upper classes of southwest France bought fashionable meats and adopted new recipes, they chose, they exercised a cultural arbitrariness. This behaviour generated sometimes an economic irrationality or conduced to conspicuous consumption. It required the existence of a particular socioeconomic context characterized by mobility of specialized craftsmens, sales networks, cookery book diffusion, etc.
Polynomial exponential equations and Zilber's conjecture
Creators: name: Mantova, Vincenzo
name: Zannier, Umberto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: Logic (math.LO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11D61, 03C60

description: Assuming Schanuel's conjecture, we prove that any polynomial exponential equation in one variable must have a solution that is transcendental over a given finitely generated field. With the help of some recent results in Diophantine geometry, we obtain the result by proving (unconditionally) that certain polynomial exponential equations have only finitely many rational solutions. This answers affirmatively a question of David Marker, who asked, and proved in the case of algebraic coefficients, whether at least the one-variable case of Zilber's strong exponential-algebraic closedness conjecture can be reduced to Schanuel's conjecture.
description: 13 pages. Appendix by V. Mantova and U. Zannier. New title and various stylistic improvements
Charge density wave instability in holographic d-wave superconductor
Creators: name: Krikun, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the observation of the spatially modulated static mode in the spectrum of fluctuations around the condensed phase of the holographic d-wave superconductor. The mode involves the time component of the gauge field that is related to the charge density wave in the dual superconductor. No additional ingredients are added to the action of five dimensional theory. We speculate on the relevance of the observed mode to the formation of the pseudogap state.
description: jheppub, 17 pages, 4 figures. v2: temperature normalization fixed, v3: the journal version, discussion of P-symmetry improved
Additional file 3 of Contextualizing critical thinking about health using digital technology in secondary schools in Kenya: a qualitative analysis
Creators: name: Chesire, Faith
name: Ochieng, Marlyn
name: Mugisha, Michael
name: Ssenyonga, Ronald
name: Oxman, Matt
name: Nsangi, Allen
name: Semakula, Daniel
name: Nyirazinyoye, Laetitia
name: Lewin, Simon
name: Sewankambo, Nelson K.
name: Kaseje, Margaret
name: Oxman, Andrew D.
name: Rosenbaum, Sarah
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 3. ICT observation checklist.
Modelling of spin decoherence in a Si hole qubit perturbed by a single charge fluctuator
Creators: name: Shalak, Baker
name: Delerue, Christophe
name: Niquet, Yann-Michel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Spin qubits in semiconductor quantum dots are one of the promizing devices to realize a quantum processor. A better knowledge of the noise sources affecting the coherence of such a qubit is therefore of prime importance. In this work, we study the effect of telegraphic noise induced by the fluctuation of a single electric charge. We simulate as realistically as possible a hole spin qubit in a quantum dot defined electrostatically by a set of gates along a silicon nanowire channel. Calculations combining Poisson and time-dependent Schrödinger equations allow to simulate the relaxation and the dephasing of the hole spin as a function of time for a classical random telegraph signal. We show that dephasing time $T_2$ is well given by a two-level model in a wide range of frequency. Remarkably, in the most realistic configuration of a low frequency fluctuator, the system has a non-Gaussian behavior in which the phase coherence is lost as soon as the fluctuator has changed state. The Gaussian description becomes valid only beyond a threshold frequency $ω_{th}$, when the two-level system reacts to the statistical distribution of the fluctuator states. We show that the dephasing time $T_{2}(ω_{th})$ at this threshold frequency can be considerably increased by playing on the orientation of the magnetic field and the gate potentials, by running the qubit along "sweet" lines. However, $T_{2}(ω_{th})$ remains bounded due to dephasing induced by the non-diagonal terms of the stochastic perturbation Hamiltonian. Our simulations reveal that the spin relaxation cannot be described cleanly in the two-level model because the coupling to higher energy hole levels impacts very strongly the spin decoherence. This result suggests that multi-level simulations including the coupling to phonons should be necessary to describe the relaxation phenomenon in this type of qubit.
Chemotaxis of purified human monocytes in vitro: lack of accessory cell requirement
Creators: name: Falk, Werner
name: Leonard, E.J.
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 1982
Subjects: subject: 610 Medizin
subject: Cell Communication
subject: Cell Count
subject: Cell Separation
subject: Chemotaxis, Leukocyte
subject: Complement C5
subject: Complement C5a
subject: Humans
subject: Kinetics
subject: Lymphocytes/physiology
subject: Monocytes/physiology
subject: N-Formylmethionine/analogs & derivatives
subject: N-Formylmethionine Leucyl-Phenylalanine
subject: Oligopeptides

description: This study was undertaken to determine whether cell cooperation, either among monocytes or between monocytes and lymphocytes, is a prerequisite for monocyte chemotactic responsiveness. We compared Ficoll-Hypaque-separated mononuclear cells and a preparation of 99% pure monocytes obtained by chemotaxis in a newly designed separation chamber. Monocytes of both preparations migrated to chemoattractants without a lag phase, and no further increase in migrated cells was observed after 70 min. The cell dose-response was linear for both preparations over a wide range of cell concentrations in the cell input well of the chemotaxis chamber, suggesting that no monocyte-monocyte interaction was required. Since only 20 to 60% of the monocytes purified by chemotaxis migrated a second time, the possibility of a requirement for an accessory cell was tested. The addition to purified monocytes of several different mononuclear cell preparations comprising lymphocytes or nonmigrating monocytes had no effect on monocyte migration. These experiments show that normal human blood monocytes in vitro do not require stimuli from other cells to respond to chemoattractants. Their behavior is profoundly different from that of mouse peritoneal macrophages, which exhibit a time lag in vitro before migration toward an attractant and become more responsive with either increasing cell concentration or addition of purified lymphocytes.