cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Nuclear Fusion: Bringing a star down to Earth
Creators: name: Kirk, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Nuclear fusion offers the potential for being a near limitless energy source by fusing together deuterium and tritium nuclei to form helium inside a plasma burning at 100 million kelvin. However, scientific and engineering challenges remain. This paper describes how such a plasma can be confined on Earth and discusses the similarities and differences with fusion in stars. It focusses on the magnetic confinement technique and, in particular, the method used in a tokamak. The confinement achieved in the equilibrium state is reviewed and it is shown how the confinement can be too good, leading to explosive instabilities at the plasma edge called Edge Localised modes (ELMs). It is shown how the impact of ELMs can be minimised by the application of magnetic perturbations and discusses the physics behind the penetration of these perturbations into what is ideally a perfect conducting plasma.
description: 35 pages, 17 figures
(100392) Richard Milward
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Response to assessment feedback: the effects of grades, praise, and source of information
Creators: name: Lipnevich, Anastasiya A.
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2007

description: This study investigated the effects of differential feedback on students' learning progress. The first component of the study consisted of a randomized experiment which involved a large sample of college students working on an authentic learning task (writing an essay). The second component was a series of focus groups with selected participants. The experiment included three conditions: a group receiving no detailed feedback, a group believing their feedback was provided by the course instructor, and a group believing their feedback was computer-generated. Additionally, the three conditions were crossed with two factors of grade (grade/no grade) and praise (praise/no praise) resulting in a 3 x 2 x 2 experimental design. Blocking, based on students' writing ability, was used to assign students to the experimental conditions. After completion of the experiment, eight participants from each condition were recruited for participation in focus group discussions. The purpose of the focus groups was to corroborate, refute, or augment findings from the experiment.The most pervasive and strongest finding of the study was that descriptive feedback specific to individual work is critical to students' improvement. Although less detailed forms of feedback, such as grades and general praise messages, led to enhanced performance, it was to a significantly lesser extent. When a grade from the instructor was added to descriptive feedback, it depressed students' performance. However, if praise was also provided, the negative effect of the grade was somewhat ameliorated. Overall, descriptive feedback was found to be most effective when given alone, unaccompanied by grades or praise.Focus group data confirmed the results of the experiment by providing more information on the nature of differences in students' responses to differential feedback messages. The significance of the study lies in the application of its findings to classroom practice. Through better understanding of optimal assessment practices, educators will be better equipped to support meaningful learning by providing students with feedback that leads to learning progress.
Grasping the scale of events: Voices from Chernobyl between the historical and the monumental
Creators: name: Pelekanidis, Theodoros
name: Eduardo, Ferraz Felippe
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: History
subject: literature
subject: event
subject: Svetlana Alexievitch
subject: temporality
subject: scale
subject: narrative
subject: 900 Geschichte und Geografie::900 Geschichte::902 Verschiedenes

description: The paper discusses the significance new forms of literary narration can have on the representation of groundbreaking historical events. Based initially on Hayden White’s work and his term modernist event, we argue that new kinds of events need new ways of writing history. However, neither has White given any concrete persuasive examples of how his paradigmatic historical work might look like nor have his critics given enough attention to his considerations on the matter. By focusing our analysis on Svetlana Alexievich’s literary work and specifically on her book Voices from Chernobyl, we try to achieve exactly this: to analyze the innovative literary features that Alexievich develops in the testimonial narratives she builds and to highlight the importance they have for representing the past. For this purpose, we take a closer look at the thematic connection of the testimonies and the sense of non-linearity they create; comment on her success to approach in this way the ‘unseen event’ and bring the reader closer to the horrific and confusing reality that the witnesses describe; and show how literary techniques like the use of parataxis can efficiently grasp and mediate the differences in the temporal scale of hard-to-comprehend historical events and their consequences. Especially examining how Alexievich deals with this temporal particularity in her narrative, the paper suggests new ways to deal with the complex temporalities and discontinuities that go beyond modern historical thinking.
No asymmetric outflows from Sagittarius A* during the pericenter passage of the gas cloud G2
Creators: name: Park, J. -H.
name: Trippe, S.
name: Krichbaum, T. P.
name: Kim, J. -Y.
name: Kino, M.
name: Bertarini, A.
name: Bremer, M.
name: de Vicente, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The gas cloud G2 falling toward Sagittarius A* (Sgr A*), the supermassive black hole at the center of the Milky Way, is supposed to provide valuable information on the physics of accretion flows and the environment of the black hole. We observed Sgr A* with four European stations of the Global Millimeter Very Long Baseline Interferometry Array (GMVA) at 86 GHz on 1 October 2013 when parts of G2 had already passed the pericenter. We searched for possible transient asymmetric structure -- such as jets or winds from hot accretion flows -- around Sgr A* caused by accretion of material from G2. The interferometric closure phases remained zero within errors during the observation time. We thus conclude that Sgr A* did not show significant asymmetric (in the observer frame) outflows in late 2013. Using simulations, we constrain the size of the outflows that we could have missed to ~2.5 mas along the major axis, ~0.4 mas along the minor axis of the beam, corresponding to approximately 232 and 35 Schwarzschild radii, respectively; we thus probe spatial scales on which the jets of radio galaxies are suspected to convert magnetic into kinetic energy. As probably less than 0.2 Jy of the flux from Sgr A* can be attributed to accretion from G2, one finds an effective accretion rate eta*Mdot < 1.5*10^9 kg/s ~ 7.7*10^-9 Mearth/yr for material from G2. Exploiting the kinetic jet power--accretion power relation of radio galaxies, one finds that the rate of accretion of matter that ends up in jets is limited to Mdot < 10^17 kg/s ~ 0.5 Mearth/yr, less than about 20% of the mass of G2. Accordingly, G2 appears to be largely stable against loss of angular momentum and subsequent (partial) accretion at least on time scales < 1 year.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures, 1 table; A&A Letter, in press (submitted 2015 February 26; accepted 2015 March 31)
Constant-intensity waves and their modulation instability in non-Hermitian potentials
Creators: name: Makris, Konstantinos G.
name: Musslimani, Ziad H.
name: Christodoulides, Demetrios N.
name: Rotter, Stefan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In all of the diverse areas of science where waves play an important role, one of the most fundamental solutions of the corresponding wave equation is a stationary wave with constant intensity. The most familiar example is that of a plane wave propagating in free space. In the presence of any Hermitian potential, a wave's constant intensity is, however, immediately destroyed due to scattering. Here we show that this fundamental restriction is conveniently lifted when working with non-Hermitian potentials. In particular, we present a whole new class of waves that have constant intensity in the presence of linear as well as of nonlinear inhomogeneous media with gain and loss. These solutions allow us to study, for the first time, the fundamental phenomenon of modulation instability in an inhomogeneous environment. Our results pose a new challenge for the experiments on non-Hermitian scattering that have recently been put forward.
description: 25 pages (including methods section), 4 figures; to appear in Nature Communications
Fervent: Chemistry-coupled, ionising and non-ionising radiative feedback in magnetohydrodynamical simulations
Creators: name: Baczynski, C.
name: Glover, S. C. O.
name: Klessen, R. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce a radiative transfer code module for the magnetohydrodynamical adaptive mesh refinement code FLASH 4. It is coupled to an efficient chemical network which explicitly tracks the three hydrogen species H, H_2, H+ as well as C+ and CO. The module is geared towards modeling all relevant thermal feedback processes of massive stars, and is able to follow the non-equilibrium time-dependent thermal and chemical state of the present-day interstellar medium as well as that of dense molecular clouds. We describe in detail the implementation of all relevant thermal stellar feedback mechanisms, i.e. photoelectric, photoionization and H_2 dissociation heating as well as pumping of molecular hydrogen by UV photons. All included radiative feedback processes are extensively tested. We also compare our module to dedicated photon-dominated region (PDR) codes and find good agreement in our modeled hydrogen species once our radiative transfer solution reaches equilibrium. In addition, we show that the implemented radiative feedback physics is insensitive to the spatial resolution of the code and show under which conditions it is possible to obtain well-converged evolution in time. Finally, we briefly explore the robustness of our scheme for treating combined ionizing and non-ionizing radiation.
description: 32 pages, 20 figures, submitted to MNRAS
The digital transformation of knowledge order: a model for theanalysis of the epistemic crisis
Creators: name: Neuberger, Christoph
name: Bartsch, Anne
name: Fröhlich, Romy
name: Hanitzsch, Thomas
name: Reinemann, Carsten
name: Schindler, Johanna
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Knowledge
subject: knowledge order
subject: epistemic practices
subject: digital transformation
subject: 300 Sozialwissenschaften::380 Handel, Kommunikation, Verkehr::384 Kommunikation, Telekommunikation

description: In a proclaimed age of ‘post-truth,’ scholars have raised concerns about the spread of false information and the questioning of epistemic authorities. In this paper, we develop an analytical model to capture the digital transformation of knowledge order. Drawing on insights from social epistemology, sociology and history of knowledge, and media history, we identify epistemic practices as basic elements of knowledge order. We then analyze how epistemic practices are organized into an overarching structure of knowledge phases, contexts, roles, and hierarchies. Digital media tend to destabilize the traditional knowledge order. This destabilization is characterized by a more flexible order of phases, a dissolution of boundaries between contexts, an opening of professional roles to new actors, and a flattening of hierarchies.
Face-to-face: Diversity
Creators: name: Perelló, Josep
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Slides from the first of the series of seminars Face2Face that organises Universitat de Barcelona Institute of Complex Systems (UBICS). The Face2Face seminars are seen as a way to know each other's research better and to create cohesion and collaborations. The first two speakers were Prof. Dan Dediu and Prof. Josep Perelló, who talked about Diversity in complex social phenomena for about 30 minutes each. The seminar took place on January 15th at 10:00 at the UB Physics building, at Aula Magna Enric Casasses.
Exploring the electron density in plasmas induced by extreme ultraviolet radiation in argon
Creators: name: van der Horst, R. M.
name: Beckers, J.
name: Osorio, E. A.
name: Banine, V. Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The new generation of lithography tools use high energy EUV radiation which ionizes the present background gas due to photoionization. To predict and understand the long term impact on the highly delicate mirrors It is essential to characterize these kinds of EUV-induced plasmas. We measured the electron density evolution in argon gas during and just after irradiation by a short pulse of EUV light at 13.5 nm by applying microwave cavity resonance spectroscopy. Dependencies on EUV pulse energy and gas pressure have been explored over a range relevant for industrial applications. Our experimental results show that the maximum reached electron density depends linearly on pulse energy. A quadratic dependence - caused by photoionization and subsequent electron impact ionization by free electrons - is found from experiments where the gas pressure is varied. This is demonstrated by our theoretical estimates presented in this manuscript as well.
description: submitted to J. Phys. D. 16 pages, 8 figures
(100384) Peter Malone
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Manifolds admitting a continuous cancellative binary operation are orientable
Creators: name: Banakh, Taras
name: Guran, Igor
name: Ravsky, Alex
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 22A15, 57N37

description: We prove that a topological manifold (possibly with boundary) admitting a continuous cancellative binary operation is orientable. This implies that the Möbius band admits no cancellative continuous binary operation. This answers a question posed by the second author in 2010.
description: 5 pages
Gene expression analysis and the risk of relapse in favorable histology Wilms’ tumor
Creators: name: Abdel-Monem, Mariam M.
name: El-Khawaga, Omali Y.
name: Awadalla, Amira A.
name: Hafez, Ashraf T.
name: Ahmed, Asmaa E.
name: Abdelhameed, Mohamed
name: Abdelhalim, Ahmed
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Wilms’ tumor (WT) relapse occurs in 15% of patients. We aim to investigate the association between the expression of several genetic markers and WT relapse risk. The study included 51 children treated for WT at a tertiary center between 2001 and 2019: 23 patients had disease relapse (group A) and 28 remained relapse-free after at least 2 years of follow-up (group B). Patients with syndromic, bilateral synchronous or anaplastic WT were excluded. Autologous renal tissue from 20 patients served as control. Total RNA was isolated from tumor tissue and control. Gene expression levels of WT1, HIF1α, b-FGF, c-MYC and SLC22A18 were assessed using quantitative RT-PCR and normalized to GAPDH. Immunohistochemical staining for WT1 and gene expression levels were compared between the study groups. Median patient age was 3 (IQR = 2–5) years and 36 (70.6%) had stage I disease. Baseline characteristics were similar between study groups. Relapse occurred at a median of 6.8 (2.8–24.7) months, predominantly in the lungs (11/23, 47.8%). Tumors that relapsed expressed significantly higher levels of WT1, HIF1α, b-FGF and c-MYC and lower levels of SLC22A18 (p < 0.001). Strong immunohistochemical staining for WT1 was seen in 73.9% of group A and 14.29% of group B (p < 0.001). These associations retained statistical significance irrespective of patient and tumor characteristics. Higher expression levels of WT1, HIF1 α, b-FGF and c-MYC and lower level of SLC22A18 are associated with increased risk of WT relapse. These genetic markers can serve as future prognostic predictors and help stratify patients for treatment.
(100386) Edward Martin
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
(100387) Jane Butler
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Detecting topological and Banach fractals among zero-dimensional spaces
Creators: name: Banakh, Taras
name: Nowak, Magdalena
name: Strobin, Filip
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: General Topology (math.GN)
subject: Metric Geometry (math.MG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 28A80, 37C25, 37C70

description: A topological space $X$ is called a topological fractal if $X=\bigcup_{f\in\mathcal F}f(X)$ for a finite system $\mathcal F$ of continuous self-maps of $X$, which is topologically contracting in the sense that for every open cover $\mathcal U$ of $X$ there is a number $n\in\mathbb N$ such that for any functions $f_1,\dots,f_n\in \mathcal F$, the set $f_1\circ\dots\circ f_n(X)$ is contained in some set $U\in\mathcal U$. If, in addition, all functions $f\in\mathcal F$ have Lipschitz constant $<1$ with respect to some metric generating the topology of $X$, then the space $X$ is called a Banach fractal. It is known that each topological fractal is compact and metrizable. We prove that a zero-dimensional compact metrizable space $X$ is a topological fractal if and only if $X$ is a Banach fractal if and only if $X$ is either uncountable or $X$ is countable and its scattered height $\hbar(X)$ is a successor ordinal. For countable compact spaces this classification was recently proved by M.Nowak.
description: 7 pages
Maintenance Therapy in Advanced Non-small Cell Lung Cancer: Current Status and Future Implications
Creators: name: Stinchcombe, Thomas
name: Socinski, Mark
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: Maintenance therapy for patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer has been an area of intense investigation. Maintenance therapy has been divided into two broad categories: continuation maintenance when the chemotherapy or targeted agent was part of a defined number of cycles of combination therapy and in the absence of disease progression is continued as a single agent or switch maintenance when a third agent is initiated after four cycles of platinum-based double-agent chemotherapy in the absence of disease progression. Two monoclonal antibodies, cetuximab and bevacizumab, are used as continuation maintenance, but the incremental benefit of the maintenance therapy with these agents is undetermined. Phase III trials have not revealed an overall survival benefit for continuation maintenance chemotherapy, and this approach should be considered investigational. Phase III trials have demonstrated an improvement in overall survival with switch maintenance therapy with pemetrexed compared with placebo in patients with nonsquamous histology and erlotinib compared with placebo. Phase III trials have not revealed an improvement in quality of life with maintenance therapy. In the trials of maintenance therapy, 30 to 40% of patients enrolled in the observation or placebo arm did not receive second-line therapy, and among the patients who did receive second-line therapy, there was significant heterogeneity in the therapy. The development of maintenance therapy has raised issues about the role of treatment-free intervals in routine clinical care, trial design issues such as the optimal endpoint, the ethics of a placebo arm, and the implications of maintenance therapy for first-line trials.
Locality and lateral modulations of quantum well states in Ag(100) thin films studied using a scanning tunneling microscope
Creators: name: Uchihashi, Takashi
name: Nakayama, Tomonobu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate Ag(100) thin films epitaxially grown on a Fe(100) substrate using a low-temperature scanning tunneling microscope. Fabrication of a wedge structure by evaporating Ag through a shadow mask allows us to observe systematic evolution of quantum well (QW) states for layer thicknesses varying from 3 to 16 monolayers (ML). Close inspection of differential conductance spectra and images reveal significant modulations of QW states in the lateral directions, presumably due to the local defects at the Ag/Fe interface. The area where QW states are modulated extends over ~ 5 nm. In clear contrast, near a surface atomic step, QW states exhibit negligible changes at least up to 1 nm away from the step, leaving unmixed the two sets of neighboring QW states belonging to different thicknesses. The results are discussed in terms of a simple electron wave diffraction model.
description: 17 pages, 5 figures
(100388) John Milward
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Asymmetric magnetic bubble expansion under in-plane field in Pt/Co/Pt: effect of interface engineering
Creators: name: Lavrijsen, Reinoud
name: Hartmann, Dion
name: Brink, Arno van den
name: Yin, Yuxiang
name: Barcones, Beatriz
name: Duine, Rembert
name: Verheijen, Marcel
name: Swagten, Henk
name: Koopmans, Bert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyse the impact of growth conditions on asymmetric magnetic bubble expansion under in-plane field in ultrathin Pt / Co / Pt films. Specifically, using sputter deposition we vary the Ar pressure during the growth of the top Pt layer. This induces a large change in the interfacial structure as evidenced by a factor three change in the effective perpendicular magnetic anisotropy. Strikingly, a discrepancy between the current theory for domain-wall propagation based on a simple domain-wall energy density and our experimental results is found. This calls for further theoretical development of domain-wall creep under in-plane fields and varying structural asymmetry.
description: 16 pages, 3 figures
Infrastructure-Less Prioritised Communication Platform for First Responders
Creators: name: Wright, Philip
name: Sakellari, Georgia
name: Pimenta, Nelson
name: Chaves, Paulo
name: Oliff, William
name: Asani, Ilmija
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Information Prioritisation
Data Regulation and Orchestration in IoT environments
Ad Hoc Networks
First Responder

description: Infrastructure-less environments present unique challenges in emergency environments, where resources are scarce and information needed to be shared in an efficient manner. With the use of IoT technologies in emergency response situations the amount of information generated can be overwhelming for both the First Responders (FRs) and the infrastructure-less network that might connect them. Therefore, architectures need to be implemented that can prioritise and regulate this information before displaying it to the FRs or sending it over in an efficient manner. This paper introduces such an architecture and the core tools that comprise it.
This work, is part of the RESCUER project, an EU-funded project aiming at developing a FR centered technology toolkit that will empower the next generation of FRs by enhancing their operational capacity and safety, specifically in adverse conditions, both environmental and infrastructure-wise.
ELEVATE - evaluating Temozolomide and Nivolumab in patients with advanced unresectable previously treated oesophagogastric adenocarcinoma with MGMT methylation: study protocol for a single arm phase II trial.
Creators: name: Smyth, Elizabeth
name: Cozens, Kelly
name: Griffiths, Daniel
name: Clark, Kathryn L
name: Ewings, Sean
name: Petty, Russell
name: Underwood, Tim
name: Fitzgerald, Rebecca C
name: Tanner, James
name: Giger, Olivier
name: Anand, Shubha
name: Griffiths, Gareth
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2022
Subjects: Study Protocol
Oesophagogastric adenocarcinoma
Immunotherapy
MGMT methylated
Phase II

description: BACKGROUND: For patients with oesophagogastric adenocarcinoma, surgery is the only curative option and despite the use of multimodality therapy, which combines it with chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy, more than 50% of patients will relapse and die. Many UK patients present with advanced disease which is already inoperable or metastatic at diagnosis. For these patients, standard care chemotherapy only offers them survival of less than a year. Nivolumab, a checkpoint blockade inhibitor, has been found to work in some advanced cancers. It is proposed, for those where immunotherapy hasn't worked, that these immunologically evasive tumours need to be sensitized to immunotherapy drugs to allow them to act. METHODS: ELEVATE is a single arm phase II trial testing the overall response to nivolumab following temozolomide treatment in patients with advanced unresectable previously treated adenocarcinoma which is O6-methylguanine-DNA-methyltransferase (MGMT) methylated. 18 patients are being recruited from UK secondary care sites. To be eligible, participants must have been treated with at least 3 months of platinum and fluoropyrimidine chemotherapy. Participants will receive 50 mg/m2 temozolomide continuously for 3 months. If their disease progresses during the 3 months, they will stop temozolomide and start nivolumab at a dose of 240mg every 2 weeks. If there is no progression after 3 months the participant will continue taking temozolomide in combination with nivolumab. All treatment will stop once the participant progresses on nivolumab. The primary endpoint is the best overall response to nivolumab, using both Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumours version 1.1 and immunotherapy modified Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumours. Secondary endpoints include progression-free survival, overall survival, and quality of life. DISCUSSION: ELEVATE will provide evidence for whether giving nivolumab after temozolomide in patients with previously treated advanced oesophagogastric adenocarcinoma is safe and biologically effective prior to future randomised trials. TRIAL REGISTRATIONS: EudraCT Number: 2020-004771-41 (issued 01 October 2020); ISCRTN11398887 (registered 14 July 2021).
Inter-relationships between MRI markers of neurovascular dysfunction: a scoping review protocol.
Creators: name: Rowsthorn, Ella
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medical Specialties
subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: Neurology
subject: Neurosciences
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Medical Sciences
subject: cerebral hemodynamics
subject: white matter hyperintensity
subject: MRI
subject: blood brain barrier
subject: perivascular space
subject: free water
subject: review

description: A scoping review protocol for the literature review of MRI marker inter-relationships including: enlarged perivascular space; blood-brain-barrier permeability; cerebral hemodynamics and; extracellular free-water.
(100385) John Marsh
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
(100382) Arabella Lunn
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
A Retrospective Analysis of VeriStrat Status on Outcome of a Randomized Phase II Trial of First-Line Therapy with Gemcitabine, Erlotinib, or the Combination in Elderly Patients (Age 70 Years or Older) with Stage IIIB/IV Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer
Creators: name: Socinski, Mark
name: Roder, Joanna
name: Lee, Carrie
name: Peterman, Amy
name: Stinchcombe, Thomas
name: Grigorieva, Julia
name: Moore, Dominic
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: In a multicenter randomized phase II trial of gemcitabine (arm A), erlotinib (arm B), and gemcitabine and erlotinib (arm C), similar progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were observed in all arms. We performed an exploratory, blinded, retrospective analysis of plasma or serum samples collected as part of the trial to investigate the ability of VeriStrat (VS) to predict treatment outcomes.Ninety-eight patients were assessable, and the majority had stage IV disease (81%), adenocarcinoma histology (63%), reported current or previous tobacco use (84%), and 26% had a performance status (PS) of 2.In arm A, patients with VS Good ( = 20) compared with VS Poor status ( = 8) had similar PFS (hazard ratio [HR]: 1.21; = 0.67) and OS (HR: 0.82; = 0.64). In arm B, patients with VS Good ( = 26) compared with VS Poor ( = 12) had a statistically significantly superior PFS (HR: 0.33; = 0.002) and OS (HR: 0.40; = 0.014). In arm C, patients with VS Good ( = 17) compared with Poor ( = 1 5) had a superior PFS (HR: 0.42; = 0.027) and a trend toward superior OS (HR: 0.48; = 0.051). In the multivariate analysis for PFS, VS status was statistically significant ( = 0.011); for OS, VS status ( = 0.017) and PS ( = 0.005) were statistically significant. A statistically significant VS and treatment interaction (gemcitabine versus erlotinib) was observed for PFS and OS.Gemcitabine is the superior treatment for elderly patients with VS Poor status. First-line erlotinib for elderly patients with VS Good status may warrant further investigation.
title: The relative deprivation trap: how feeling deprived relates to symptoms of generalized anxiety disorder
Creators: name: Nadler, Jonah Samuel
Publisher: name: Memorial University of Newfoundland
Year: 2021

description: The psychological factors that explain how income inequality is associated with poorer mental health remain unclear. Personal relative deprivation (PRD), defined as the subjective distress experienced as a result of appraising oneself as unfairly disadvantaged compared to similar others, has been associated with poorer mental health, and may help explain this association. Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) is a highly prevalent psychological disorder associated with negative cognitive appraisals. Accordingly, PRD may relate to the experience of GAD and to cognitive processes associated with GAD. In two studies we tested whether PRD was associated with GAD symptoms and if this relationship could be explained by cognitive predictors of GAD including Intolerance of Uncertainty (IU), Positive Beliefs about Worry (PBW), Negative Beliefs about Worry (NBW), and Experiential Avoidance (EA). Participants completed surveys measuring their experiences of PRD, cognitive predictors of GAD, GAD symptomology, subjective socioeconomic status, self-efficacy, and self-esteem. We found a consistent relationship between PRD and GAD. IU and NBW simultaneously mediated this relationship, while PBW and EA did not. These results remained when statistically adjusting for subjective socioeconomic status but were weakened when statistically adjusting for self-concept factors. This research suggests that the experience of relative deprivation may “trap” people in thinking patterns that contribute to symptoms of anxiety.
Open-closed-open paleofluid system conditions recorded in the tectonic vein networks of the Parmelan anticline (Bornes Massif, France)
Creators: name: Berio, Luigi R.
name: Mittempergher, Silvia
name: Storti, Fabrizio
name: Bernasconi, Stefano M.
name: Cipriani, Anna
name: Lugli, Federico
name: Balsamo, Fabrizio
Publisher: name: Geological Society of London
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Geology
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences

description: Supplementary text and figures
Arthroscopic removal of osteochondral fragments of the cervical articular process joints in three horses
Creators: name: Schulze, Nicole
name: Ehrle, Anna
name: Beckmann, Ina
name: Lischer, Christoph
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: horses
subject: arthroscopic osteochondral fragment removal
subject: equine cervical spine articular process joints
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::630 Landwirtschaft::630 Landwirtschaft und verwandte Bereiche

description: Objective To report arthroscopic osteochondral fragment removal from the equine cervical spine articular process joints (APJs) including long-term follow-up. Study Design Case series. Animals Three Warmblood horses with forelimb lameness and/or reduced range of motion of the cervical spine with osteochondral fragments between the cervical vertebrae C5/C6 or C6/C7. Method Arthroscopy of the APJs of C5/C6 and C6/C7 was performed under general anesthesia. Following endoscopic evaluation of the joints, osteochondral fragments were removed using a rongeur. Results All horses recovered from anesthesia with no anesthetic or minor postanesthetic complications. One horse needed a second procedure for fragment removal. Fourteen to 31 months post-surgery the horses were sound for their intended use and neurological examination revealed no abnormalities. Conclusion Arthroscopic removal of osteochondral fragments can be performed safely in the equine cervical APJs of C5/C6 and C6/C7 resulting in a favorable long-term outcome. Clinical Significance Arthroscopic removal is a valid option for horses showing clinical signs that can be attributed to osteochondral fragments in the APJs of the neck.
title: Les activités occupationnelles pour promouvoir la santé mentale des personnes issues de la migration forcée
title: quelles interventions infirmières ?
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Fux, Linda
name: Wermeille, Théo
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 0
Subjects: subject: Migrant
subject: Migration forcée
subject: Requérant d’asile
subject: Activités occupationnelles
subject: Santé mentale
subject: Soins infirmiers
subject: Infirmière
subject: hesav TB SI

description: Introduction : Depuis toujours, l’humanité est en mouvement. La migration fait partie intégrante de l’humanité et l’a constamment façonnée. Durant l’attente de la détermination de leur statut, les requérants d’asile (RA) ont des droits civiques spécifiques. Ils font face à de multiples restrictions, notamment occupationnelles. Ces dernières ont un impact négatif sur les individus et les communautés, érodant les compétences, augmentant les vulnérabilités, aggravant l’impact de la pauvreté et de la mauvaise santé, mettant l’accent sur l’isolement et défavorisant l’harmonie communautaire (Smith, 2015). Question de recherche : Les activités occupationnelles pour promouvoir la santé mentale des personnes issues de la migration forcée : quelles interventions infirmières ? Méthode : Sept articles ont été sélectionnés dans les bases de données CINAHL, PubMed et Google Scholar. Des descripteurs tels que « Asylum seekers », « Mental health », « Activities » et « Nursing » ont été utilisés. Résultats : Le cadre théorique de Meleis expose et catégorise les résultats. Les personnes issues de la migration décrivent le besoin d’être soutenues par des professionnels afin de stabiliser leur santé mentale à travers des activités. Celles-ci leur permettent d’acquérir de nouvelles compétences, une routine, un réseau social et un environnement sécure. Discussion : La réponse à la question de recherche met en évidence les interventions infirmières spécifiques ; notamment l’évaluation bio-psycho-social-spirituelle, l’éducation thérapeutique, l’advocacy, le suivi thérapeutique et l’interdisciplinarité.
The power of coalitions: lobbying success in US sanctions policy toward Iran from 2007 to 2016
Creators: name: Koch, Mirijam
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Interest groups
subject: Lobbying
subject: Iran
subject: JCPOA
subject: US foreign policy
subject: Sanctions
subject: 300 Sozialwissenschaften::320 Politikwissenschaft::320 Politikwissenschaft

description: This paper focuses on the role of interest groups in US sanctions policy toward Iran from 2007 to 2016. The aim of this work is to explain what changed in regard to the role of interest groups in the most significant shift in US-Iranian relations under President Barack Obama before and after the vote on the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action, which was intended to halt Iran’s non-peaceful nuclear program in return for an easing of sanctions by the US Congress. This study contributes to our knowledge about how structural variables, issue salience, and actor strategies work together to produce outcomes. In addition, it provides a better understanding of interest group influence by identifying conditions under which interest groups can be successful in changing the policy status quo. This research proposes that the once firm stands of the Democrat legislators on supporting Iran sanctions changed due to support of President Obama’s strategy of engagement by Pro-Diplomacy groups and the international community, which he used as legislative subsidy. In addition, favorable policy windows opened up opportunities that pushed for diplomacy instead of confrontation.
Non-profit sector and regional well-being in Italy
Creators: name: Terzo, Giuseppe
name: Notarstefano, Giuseppe
name: Di Maggio, Umberto
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Ecology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: This paper investigates the link between the non-profit sector and regional well-being, conceiving and measuring the latter following a multidimensional approach that considers several factors affecting the quality of life of populations. A cross-sectional econometric analysis conducted on a sample of 106 Italian provinces shows findings robust to several specifications and scenarios consistent with our hypothesis that the non-profit sector constitutes, thanks to its key ability to produce relational goods, a driver of regional well-being.
(100383) Clara Emily Lunn
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
An Analysis of Patient Characteristics and Clinical Outcomes in Primary Pulmonary Sarcoma
Creators: name: Bair, Eric
name: Mahmood, Usama
name: Koshy, Matthew
name: Spraker, Matthew
name: Connell, Philip
name: Bair, Ryan
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: INTRODUCTION: Literature concerning primary pulmonary sarcomas (PPS) is limited to small case series. This study examines, in a large cohort, the clinical characteristics and therapeutic strategies of PPS and their impact on overall survival (OS). METHODS: This was a retrospective analysis from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database (1988-2008). Eligible patients had primary PPS and underwent local therapy. Survival estimates were obtained using the Kaplan-Meier method and the Cox regression model. OS of PPS patients were compared with a cohort of 10,909 patients with extremity soft-tissue sarcomas. RESULTS: The cohort included 365 PPS patients with a median follow-up of 21 months. Fifty-five percent of the patients had large tumors (>5 cm), 76% were high-grade, and 16% had node-positive disease. Seventy-five percent of the cohort underwent surgery alone, 14% underwent surgery and radiation therapy, and 11% underwent radiation therapy alone. Multivariate analysis showed reduced OS for patients with tumors more than 5 cm (hazard ratio [HR] 1.6, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.25-2.19), high tumor grade (HR 3.1, 95% CI 1.26-3.62), and unresectable disease (HR 2.6, 95% CI 1.76-3.88. The 5-year OS for the cohort of pulmonary sarcomas versus sarcomas of the extremities was 35% versus 71% (p < 0.0001). CONCLUSION: This large study examining PPS patients reveals a high rate of nodal involvement and a markedly worse OS than patients with extremity soft-tissue sarcomas. Thus, given the poor overall prognosis, it is recommended that PPS patients undergo a thorough mediastinal nodal evaluation to rule out locoregional metastasis and proceed with aggressive treatment.
The tubarium construction in Holoretiolites, Neogothograptus and related taxa (Graptolithina, Retiolitinae): clues to their astogeny and species identification
Creators: name: Maletz, Jörg
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Graptolithina
subject: Retiolitinae
subject: Holoretiolites
subject: Neogothograptus
subject: Astogeny
subject: Biostratigraphy
subject: Evolution
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::560 Fossilien, Paläontologie::560 Paläontologie, Paläozoologie

description: The Homerian (Wenlock) to Ludfordian (Ludlow), late Silurian, retiolitine genera Neogothograptus and Holoretiolites and their relatives are revised. These are often considered as the youngest and smallest retiolitine taxa, characterised by a finite growth indicated by the appendix, leading to the extinction of the clade. The tubarium construction of the genera is analysed and compared, showing the loss of the pleural and parietal lists in Holoretiolites and the development of a central zigzag construction on the obverse and reverse sides of the tubarium. This construction is not homologous to similar constructions in earlier retiolitines, as it is based on the modification of the lateral apertural lists. It is also found in the closely related Semiplectograptus and Plectodinemagraptus. Useful details to understand the astogeny of these taxa include the development of the reticulum, the genicular processes and the outer ancora. These features are described for the first time for most species. Details of the outer ancora and its construction in the genus Neogothograptus are still poorly understood. Holoretiolites helenaewitoldi is synonymised with Holoretiolites atrabecularis. Holoretiolites manckoides is transferred to Semiplectograptus.