cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
FORS2/VLT survey of Milky Way globular clusters II. Fe and Mg abundances of 51 Milky Way globular clusters on a homogeneous scale
Creators: name: Dias, Bruno
name: Barbuy, Beatriz
name: Saviane, Ivo
name: Held, Enrico
name: Da Costa, Gary
name: Ortolani, Sergio
name: Gullieuszik, Marco
name: Vasquez, Sergio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: (ABRIDGED) Globular clusters trace the formation and evolution of the Milky Way and surrounding galaxies, and outline their chemical enrichment history. To accomplish these tasks it is important to have large samples of clusters with homogeneous data and analysis to derive kinematics, chemical abundances, ages and locations. We obtain homogeneous metallicities and alpha-element enhancement for over 800 red giant stars in 51 Galactic bulge, disc, and halo globular clusters that are among the most distant and/or highly reddened in the Galaxy's globular cluster system. We observed R ~ 2000 spectra in the wavelength interval 456-586 nm and applied full spectrum fitting technique. We compared the mean abundances of all clusters with previous work and with field stars. We used the relation between mean metallicity and horizontal branch morphology defined by all clusters to select outliers for discussion. We find our metallicities are comparable to those derived from high-resolution data to within sigma = 0.08 dex over the interval -2.5 < [Fe/H] < 0.0. We also find that the distribution of [Mg/Fe] and [alpha/Fe] with [Fe/H] for the 51 clusters follows the general trend exhibited by field stars. It is the first time that the following clusters have been included in a large sample of homogeneous stellar spectroscopic observations and metallicity derivation: BH 176, Djorg 2, Pal 10, NGC 6426, Lynga 7, and Terzan 8. In particular, only photometric metallicities were available previously for the first three clusters, and the available metallicity for NGC 6426 was based on integrated spectroscopy and photometry. Two other clusters, HP 1 and NGC 6558, are confirmed as candidates for the oldest globular clusters in the Milky Way. The technique used here can also be applied to globular cluster systems in nearby galaxies with current instruments and to distant galaxies with the advent of ELTs.
description: 15 pages, 11 figures, 6 tables, accepted for publication in A&A
Feasibility of In-Line Continuous Hot-Wire Chemical Vapor Deposition for Proto- and Nanocrystalline P-I-N Solar Cells
Creators: name: Schropp, R.E.I.
name: Van Bommel, C.O.
name: Van Der Werf, C.H.M.
name: Brinza, M.
name: Van Swaaij, G.A.
name: Rath, J.K.
name: Li, H.B.T.
name: Schüttauf, J.W.A.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2009
Subjects: Thin Films Solar Cells
Amorphous and Microcrystalline Silicon Solar Cells

description: 24th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference, 21-25 September 2009, Hamburg, Germany; 2328-2332
description: Hot Wire Chemical Vapour Deposition (HWCVD) is a very suitable technique for homogeneous
deposition of thin films on continuously moving substrates in an in-line manufacturing system. As there are no high
frequency electromagnetic fields, scaling up is not hampered by finite wavelength effects or rigorous requirements to
avoid inhomogeneous electrical fields. Deposition has been undertaken with the substrates facing upward, thus
further simplifying the mounting of the substrates, which can either be rigid or flexible. Amorphous
(protocrystalline) as well as nanocrystalline silicon thin films with device-quality properties have been achieved on
moving substrates. We present p-i-n solar cells deposited on a linearly moving substrate already showing efficiencies
of 7.8%, despite two air breaks. The potential for high deposition rate and fast roll-to-roll deposition is also
discussed.
FORTRESS II: FORTRAN programs for solving coupled Gross-Pitaevskii equations for spin-orbit coupled spin-2 Bose-Einstein condensate
Creators: name: Banger, Paramjeet
name: Kaur, Pardeep
name: Roy, Arko
name: Gautam, Sandeep
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We provide here a set of three OpenMP parallelized FORTRAN 90/95 programs to compute the ground states and the dynamics of trapped spin-2 Bose-Einstein condensates (BECs) with anisotropic spin-orbit (SO) coupling by solving a set of five coupled Gross-Pitaevskii equations using a time-splitting Fourier spectral method. Depending on the nature of the problem, without any loss of generality, we have employed the Cartesian grid spanning either three-, two-, or one-dimensional space for numerical discretization. To illustrate the veracity of the package, wherever feasible, we have compared the numerical ground state solutions of the full mean-field model with those from the simplified scalar models. The two set of results show excellent agreement, in particular, through the equilibrium density profiles, energies and chemical potentials of the ground-states. We have also presented test results for OpenMP performance parameters like speedup and the efficiency of the three codes.
High Volume Silicon Cell Technologies Enabling Low-Cost CPV Systems
Creators: name: Finot, M.
name: Mayo, A.
name: MacDonald, B.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2011
Subjects: Advanced Photovoltaics : New Concepts and Ultra-High Efficiency
Terrestrial Concentrator Systems

description: 26th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 617-620
description: Recent progress in manufacturing technology of monocrystalline Silicon cells simultaneously
improves efficiency in conventional flat-plate applications and provides a path for high efficiency, low cost cells
to be optimized for low and medium concentration applications. High volume cell suppliers are introducing
multiple approaches to improve efficiencies, including selective emitter doping, back passivation technology, ntype
wafers, low resistance and high minority carrier lifetime wafers, and high quality screen printing. Skyline
Solar has developed a CPV system that leverages standard 1-sun Silicon cell technologies to minimize the total
cost of energy. Evaluation of multiple cell technologies under medium concentration is presentated and analyzed.
The X14 Skyline Solar system is used as a case study.
Measures of Cognitive and Psycho-Physiological Response to a Virtual Driving Assistance
Creators: name: Isiaka, Fatima
name: Zainab, Adamu
Publisher: name: International Journal of Computer Aided Design and Application
Year: 2024

description: In recent times, as driving functionalities become more automated, motoristsrun the most likely risk of becoming cognitively removed fromthe driving procedure. First-time drivers need to be more comfortablewith driving skills before an attempt at real-life test procedures and psychophysiologicalmeasures provide added value that may not be capturedthrough behavioural subject measures. This paper provides intelligentanalytics for mobile test driving that registers eye movement behaviourbased on mapped fixation on the x and y coordinates of the Cartesianof a virtual driving scene for users, its features integrate physiologicalmeasures such as the Pupil changes, SCR and ST. The model providesmeasures that can be utilised to assess the cognitive state of users invirtual driving environments. The importance of psychophysiologicalmeasures within the context of safety is discussed and the commonlyused physiological metrics indices of the cognitive state are looked intoas a potential metric that would be relevant for the driving research field.
Mass Spectrum and Higgs Profile in BLSSM
Creators: name: Un, Cem Salih
name: Ozdal, Ozer
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the predictions on the mass spectrum and Higgs boson decays in the supersymmetric standard model extended by U(1)_B-L symmetry (BLSSM). The model requires two singlet Higgs fields, which are responsible for the radiative breaking of U(1)_B-L symmetry. It predicts degenerate right-handed neutrino masses (1.7-2.2 TeV) as well as the right-handed sneutrinos of mass ~ 1.5 TeV, while stau mass >~ 100 GeV and chargino mass >~ 600 GeV. Even though, the implications are similar to minimal supersymmetric standard model, BLSSM can predict another Higgs boson lighter than 150 GeV. We find that the second Higgs boson can be degenerate with the lightest CP-even Higgs boson of mass about 125 GeV and contribute to the Higgs decay into two photons. In addition, it can provide an explanation for the excess in h -> 4l at the mass scale ~ 145 GeV.
description: 23 pages, 9 figures
High-Efficiency Amorphous Silicon Devices on LPCVD-ZnO TCO Prepared in Industrial KAI TM-M R&D Reactor
Creators: name: Benagli, S.
name: Borrello, D.
name: Vallat-Sauvain, E.
name: Meier, J.
name: Kroll, U.
name: Hötzel, J.
name: Bailat, J.
name: Steinhauser, J.
name: Marmelo, M.
name: Monteduro, G.
name: Castens, L.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2009
Subjects: Thin Films Solar Cells
Amorphous and Microcrystalline Silicon Solar Cells

description: 24th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference, 21-25 September 2009, Hamburg, Germany; 2293-2298
description: This paper presents a study on the optimal i-layer thickness for high efficiency amorphous silicon p-i-n
solar cells deposited on doped LPCVD-ZnO. The optimization has led to excellent stabilized efficiencies at
remarkably low amorphous i-layer thicknesses. A light-soaked single-junction a-Si:H cell with record efficiency of
10.09 % on 1 cm2 was independently confirmed by NREL. In a table, results of measurements done on the same
devices at Oerlikon Solar-Lab Neuchâtel and NREL laboratories reveal very low deviations between both
characterizations. The processes developed for a-Si:H cells were applied to the preparation of mini-modules
(10 x 10 cm2). Measurements on these light-soaked mini-modules at ESTI laboratories of JRC have confirmed a
module aperture efficiency of 9.20 ± 0.19 %.
Elastic Gauge Fields in Weyl Semimetals
Creators: name: Cortijo, Alberto
name: Ferreiros, Yago
name: Landsteiner, Karl
name: Vozmediano, Maria A. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that, as it happens in graphene, elastic deformations couple to the electronic degrees of freedom as pseudo gauge fields in Weyl semimetals. We derive the form of the elastic gauge fields in a tight-binding model hosting Weyl nodes and see that this vector electron-phonon coupling is chiral, providing an example of axial gauge fields in three dimensions. As an example of the new response functions that arise associated to these elastic gauge fields, we derive a non-zero phonon Hall viscosity for the neutral system at zero temperature. The axial nature of the fields provides a test of the chiral anomaly in high energy with three axial vector couplings.
description: As published in PRL. Partially superseeds arXiv:1506.05136 which has a wrong journal reference
Application of Photonic Crystals as Back Reflectors in Thin-Film Silicon Solar Cells
Creators: name: Isabella, O.
name: Krc, J.
name: Zeman, M.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2009
Subjects: Thin Films Solar Cells
Amorphous and Microcrystalline Silicon Solar Cells

description: 24th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference, 21-25 September 2009, Hamburg, Germany; 2304-2309
description: Light trapping techniques are essential for increasing efficiency of thin-film silicon solar cells.
Scattering at textured interfaces, introduced by surface-textured substrates, and highly reflective back reflectors have
led to important improvements in solar cells performance. Beside metal, novel dielectric back reflectors are
nowadays of great interest. One-dimensional photonic crystals in the role of distributed Bragg reflector can exhibit
high reflectance in a broad wavelength range. Low temperature amorphous silicon/amorphous silicon nitride based
one-dimensional photonic crystals eligible to act as dielectric back reflector in thin-film amorphous silicon solar cells
have been developed. The conformal growth and optical properties of our photonic crystals on flat and on corrugated
substrates (both randomly-textured and periodically-textured) are reported. Using one-dimensional photonic crystals
as back reflectors we have obtained higher long-wavelength quantum efficiency of the solar cells with respect to the
cells with metal back reflectors.
Accessibility of Dynamic Controls in Physiological Response Using a Window-based Robust Modeling
Creators: name: Isiaka, Fatima
name: Sophia, Al Sharji
Publisher: name: International Journal of Computer Science and Multidisciplinary Research
Year: 2023

description: The negative and positive feedback control of biomedical dynamic control mechanisms is used for maintaining its homeostasis. The major default is the ability to visualise its process in a single frame for easy and real-time model optimisation. The paper investigates this default by developing a prototypical representation of integrated physiological readings with real-time analytics using a convergent dynamic control model as the inference engine. The process delivers physiological readings and maps out the major components that make up the physiological system. The contribution of this component can also be determined on each of the parameters. The SCR has a major effect on the synchronous readings of the physiological metrics used.
Advanced Rear Side Technology for Industrial High Efficiency Solar Cells
Creators: name: Münzer, K.A.
name: Schöne, J.
name: Teppe, A.
name: Schlosser, R.E.
name: Hein, M.
name: Hammer, D.
name: Hüls, S.
name: Hanke, M.
name: Keller, S.
name: Fath, P.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2010
Subjects: Wafer-Based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Mono- and Multicrystalline Silicon Materials and Cells

description: 25th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition / 5th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion, 6-10 September 2010, Valencia, Spain; 2314-2318
description: Front side phosphorus emitter and screen printed aluminium back surface field (BSF) on p-type silicon
wafers are the most common silicon solar cell fabrication processes. With the objective of enhanced solar cell
efficiencies in production the optical features of the solar cell rear side were explored in this investigation.
Additionally to the electrical rear contact properties an excellent rear side passivation with low surface recombination
velocity was figured out to be essential to tap the full potential of the enhanced internal light reflection at the solar cell
rear side. The result was a solar cell rear side with local aluminium BSF in combination with a dielectric reflector, Al-
LBSFR. Additionally, an advanced selective phosphorus emitter was implemented into the developed technology for a
low recombination front side. For the metallization conventional screen printing of silver on the cell front side and
aluminium with silver pads on the cell rear side was applied. On 156 mm x 156 mm monocrystalline Cz (Czochralski)
silicon wafers average solar cell efficiencies of 19.2 % were reproducibly reached in a series of laboratory runs.
FhG-ISE CalLab confirmed solar cell efficiencies of 19.1 % at several solar cells. Both, the short circuit current and
the open circuit voltage were increased to 38.1 mA/cm² and to 646 mV, respectively, in comparison to typical
36.7 mA/cm³ and up to 630 mV, respectively, for conventional aluminium BSF control cells of 18.1 % efficiency.
Irreversible Rapid Changes of Magnetic Field Associated with the 2012 October 23 Circular Near-limb X1.8 Flare
Creators: name: Ye, Dandan
name: Liu, Chang
name: Wang, Haimin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It has been found that photospheric magnetic fields can change in accordance with the three-dimensional magnetic field restructuring following solar eruptions. Previous studies mainly use vector magnetic field data taken for events near the disk center. In this paper, we analyze the magnetic field evolution associated with the 2012 October 23 X1.8 flare in NOAA AR 11598 that is close to the solar limb, using both the 45 s cadence line-of-sight and 12 minute cadence vector magnetograms from the Helioseismic and Magnetic Imager on board Solar Dynamic Observatory. This flare is classified as a circular-ribbon flare with spine-fan type magnetic topology containing a null point. In the line-of-sight magnetograms, there are two apparent polarity inversion lines (PIL). The PIL closer to the limb is affected more by the projection effect. Between these two PILs there lie positive polarity magnetic fields, which are surrounded by negative polarity fields outside the PILs. We find that after the flare, both the apparent limb-ward and disk-ward negative fluxes decrease, while the positive flux in-between increases. We also find that the horizontal magnetic fields have a significant increase along the disk-ward PIL, while in surrounding area, they decrease. Synthesizing the observed field changes, we conclude that the magnetic fields collapse toward the surface above the disk-ward PIL as depicted in the coronal implosion scenario, while the peripheral field turns to a more vertical configuration after the flare. We also suggest that this event is an asymmetric circular-ribbon flare: a flux rope is likely present above the disk-ward PIL. Its eruption causes the instability of the entire fan-spine structure and the implosion near that PIL.
description: 9 pages, 6 figures, accepted to RAA
The microlocal irregularity of Gaussian noise
Creators: name: Sussman, Ethan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Spectral Theory (math.SP)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60G15, 60G60

description: The study of random Fourier series, linear combinations of trigonometric functions whose coefficients are independent (in our case Gaussian) random variables with polynomially bounded means and standard deviations, dates back to Norbert Wiener in one of the original constructions of Brownian motion. A geometric generalization -- relevant e.g.\ to Euclidean quantum field theory with an infrared cutoff -- is the study of random Gaussian linear combinations of the eigenfunctions of the Laplace-Beltrami operator on an arbitrary compact Riemannian manifold $(M,g)$, Gaussian noise $Φ$. I will prove that, when our random coefficients are independent Gaussians whose standard deviations obey polynomial asymptotics and whose means obey a corresponding polynomial upper bound, the resultant random $\mathscr{H}^s$-wavefront set $\operatorname{WF}^s(Φ)$ (defined as a subset of the cosphere bundle $\mathbb{S}^*M$) is either almost surely empty or almost surely the entirety of $\mathbb{S}^*M$, depending on $s \in \mathbb{R}$, and we will compute the threshold $s$ and the behavior of the wavefront set at it. Consequently, the random $C^\infty$-wavefront set $\operatorname{WF}(Φ)$ is almost surely the entirety of the cosphere bundle. The method of proof is as follows: using Sazonov's theorem and its converse, it suffices to understand which compositions of microlocal cutoffs and inclusions of $L^2$-based fractional order Sobolev spaces are Hilbert-Schmidt (HS), and the answer follows from general facts about the HS-norms of the elements of the pseudodifferential calculus of Kohn and Nirenberg.
description: 37 pages. Improved figure
Chandrasekhar's Dynamical Friction and non-extensive statistics
Creators: name: Silva, J. M.
name: Lima, J. A. S.
name: de Souza, R. E.
name: Del Popolo, A.
name: Delliou, Morgan Le
name: Lee, Xi-Guo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The motion of a point like object of mass $M$ passing through the background potential of massive collisionless particles ($m << M$) suffers a steady deceleration named dynamical friction. In his classical work, Chandrasekhar assumed a Maxwellian velocity distribution in the halo and neglected the self gravity of the wake induced by the gravitational focusing of the mass $M$. In this paper, by relaxing the validity of the Maxwellian distribution due to the presence of long range forces, we derive an analytical formula for the dynamical friction in the context of the $q$-nonextensive kinetic theory. In the extensive limiting case ($q = 1$), the classical Gaussian Chandrasekhar result is recovered. As an application, the dynamical friction timescale for Globular Clusters spiraling to the galactic center is explicitly obtained. Our results suggest that the problem concerning the large timescale as derived by numerical $N$-body simulations or semi-analytical models can be understood as a departure from the standard extensive Maxwellian regime as measured by the Tsallis nonextensive $q$-parameter.
description: 16pp 5 figs, revised and extended version of arXiv:1202.1873 . Accepted for publication by JCAP
Motional heating of spatially extended ion crystals
Creators: name: Kalincev, D.
name: Dreissen, L. S.
name: Kulosa, A. P.
name: Yeh, C-H.
name: Fürst, H. A.
name: Mehlstäubler, T. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study heating of motional modes of a single ion and of extended ion crystals trapped in a linear radio frequency (rf) Paul trap with a precision of $Δ\dot{\bar{n}} \approx 0.2 $ phonons s$^{-1}$. Single-ion axial and radial heating rates are consistent and electric field noise has been stable over the course of four years. At a secular frequency of $ω_\mathrm{sec}=2π\times620$ kHz, we measure $\dot{\bar{n}} = 0.56(6)$ phonons s$^{-1}$ per ion for the center-of-mass (com) mode of linear chains of up to eleven ions and observe no significant heating of the out-of-phase (oop) modes. By displacing the ions away from the nodal line, inducing excess micromotion, rf noise heats the com mode quadratically as a function of radial displacement $r$ by $\dot{\bar{n}}(r)/ r^2 = 0.89(4)$ phonons s$^{-1}$ $μ$m$^{-2}$ per ion, while the oop modes are protected from rf-noise induced heating in linear chains. By changing the quality factor of the resonant rf circuit from $Q=542$ to $Q=204$, we observe an increase of rf noise by a factor of up to 3. We show that the rf-noise induced heating of motional modes of extended crystals also depends on the symmetry of the crystal and of the mode itself. As an example, we consider several 2D and 3D crystal configurations. Heating rates of up to 500 phonons s$^{-1}$ are observed for individual modes, giving rise to a total kinetic energy increase and thus a fractional time dilation shift of up to $-0.3\times 10^{-18}$ s$^{-1}$ of the total system. In addition, we detail on how the excitation probability of the individual ions is reduced and decoherence is increased due to the Debye-Waller effect.
Front Surface Passivation for Industrial-Type Solar Cells by Silicon Oxynitride – Silicon Nitride Stacks
Creators: name: Schwab, C.
name: Hofmann, M.
name: Rentsch, J.
name: Preu, R.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2010
Subjects: Wafer-Based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Mono- and Multicrystalline Silicon Materials and Cells

description: 25th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition / 5th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion, 6-10 September 2010, Valencia, Spain; 2307-2310
description: The ongoing reduction of wafer thickness and new solar cell concepts like selective emitters which
make use of lowly doped emitters lead to the need for an improved front surface passivation of n-type emitters.
Within this study a newly developed passivation stack system consisting of a bottom silicon oxynitride layer and
a silicon nitiride capping layer for the front side phosphorous emitter of crystalline silicon solar cells is presented.
The stack layers are deposited by an industrial-type plasma-enhanced chemical vapour deposition system. It is
shown that the stack is firing stable and that the surface passivation can be improved compared to a single layer
silicon nitride antireflection coating by using the developed double-layer system. On the other hand the used
silicon oxynitride shows a non-negligible light absorption leading to a reduced short-circuit current density. The
overall effect on the performance of a solar cell and a solar module is estimated and illustrates that especially the
solar module performance can benefit from the passivation stack.
Multifusion Categories and Finite Semisimple 2-Categories
Creators: name: Décoppet, Thibault D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: Category Theory (math.CT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 18M20, 18N10 (Primary), 18N25 (Secondary)

description: We give a 3-universal property for the Karoubi envelope of a 2-category. Using this, we show that the 3-categories of finite semisimple 2-categories (as introduced in arXiv:1812.11933) and of multifusion categories are equivalent.
description: Minor corrections
An abstract theory of physical measurements
Creators: name: Resende, Pedro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 81P15 (06B35 18F70 18F75 81P05 81P10)

description: The question of what should be meant by a measurement is tackled from a mathematical perspective whose physical interpretation is that a measurement is a fundamental process via which a finite amount of classical information is produced. This translates into an algebraic and topological definition of measurement space that caters for the distinction between quantum and classical measurements and allows a notion of observer to be derived.
Internal-wave billiards in trapezoids and similar tables
Creators: name: Lenci, Marco
name: Bonanno, Claudio
name: Cristadoro, Giampaolo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 37N10, 37C83, 37E05 (Primary) 37E45, 37C70, 37C25, 76B55 (Secondary)

description: We call internal-wave billiard the dynamical system of a point particle that moves freely inside a planar domain (the table) and is reflected by its boundary according to this rule: reflections are standard Fresnel reflections but with the pretense that the boundary at any collision point is either horizontal or vertical (relative to a predetermined direction representing gravity). These systems are point particle approximations for the motion of internal gravity waves in closed containers, hence the name. For a class of tables similar to rectangular trapezoids, but with the slanted leg replaced by a general curve with downward concavity, we prove that the dynamics has only three asymptotic regimes: (1) there exist a global attractor and a global repellor, which are periodic and might coincide; (2) there exists a beam of periodic trajectories, whose boundary (if any) comprises an attractor and a repellor for all the other trajectories; (3) all trajectories are dense (that is, the system is minimal). Furthermore, in the prominent case where the table is an actual trapezoid, we study the sets in parameter space relative to the three regimes. We prove in particular that the set for (1) has positive measure (giving a rigorous proof of the existence of Arnol'd tongues for internal-wave billiards), whereas the sets for (2) and (3) are non-empty but have measure zero.
description: Final preprint for Nonlinearity, 29 pages, 11 figures
Clarifying the conceptual model of entrepreneurial orientation: examining its dimensional effects on firm performance and the moderating role of a supportive internal firm environment
Creators: name: Hong, Weiyao
Publisher: name: Loughborough University
Year: 2023
Subjects: Business systems in context not elsewhere classified

description: Clarifying the conceptual model of entrepreneurial orientation: examining its dimensional effects on firm performance and the moderating role of a supportive internal firm environment
The cosmic web influences the rapid evolution of the cold interstellar medium in SIMBA galaxies
Creators: name: Donevski, Darko
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Dusty galaxies; Galaxy evolution; Cosmic web; Interstellar medium over cosmic time;

description: Understanding the relationship between the cosmic web and the galaxy's cold interstellar medium (ISM; gas, dust, and metals) is one of the key steps towards understanding galaxy evolution. However, the exploration of key ISM properties with respect to cosmic web environments beyond the local universe is still in its infancy, both due to various observational and theoretical challenges. Here I present the results of the study that explores, for the first time, how the structural properties of environments in which dusty galaxies reside influence their ISM. We use SIMBA cosmological simulation in order to track the cosmic evolution of some of the evolutionary markers of the ISM (such as the gas-to-dust mass ratio and dust-to-metal ratio) as a function of their distances to the 3D cosmic web features. I will demonstrate how the proximity of a galaxy to a filament shapes the rapid cosmic evolution of the galaxy ISM, but differently for star-forming and quiescent galaxies. Particular attention will be given to the role of the cosmic web in shaping excess gas-to-dust mass ratios in galaxies within the first 1 Gyr since their quenching.
Global solvability and asymptotical behavior in a two-species chemotaxis model with signal absorption
Creators: name: Ren, Guoqiang
name: Xiang, Tian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35K59, 35K57

description: In this work, we study global existence, eventual smoothness and asymptotical behavior of positive solutions for a two-species chemotaxis consumption model in a bounded smooth but not necessarily convex domain $Ω\subset \mathbb{R}^n (n=2,3,4,5)$ with nonnegative initial data and homogeneous Neumann boundary data Under a smallness condition, boundedness of classical solutions and stabilization to constant equilibrium is known. Here, without any smallness condition, we show global existence and uniform-in-time boundedness of classical solutions in 2D and global existence, eventual smoothness and asymptotical behavior (in convex domains) of weak solutions in nD (n=3,4,5). Our findings also extend and improve the one-species chemotaxis-consumption model studied in relevant literature.
description: 29 pages; submitted to a journal for publication consideration
Nonclassical Particle Transport in the 1-D Diffusive Limit
Creators: name: Vasques, Richard
name: Slaybaugh, Rachel
name: Krycki, Kai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper provides numerical results that demonstrate the validity of the nonclassical diffusion approximation to the nonclassical transport equation in certain 1-D diffusive systems. This result provides a more solid foundation in which to improve this theory for relevant nuclear applications.
description: 9 pages, 4 figures
On the foundations and extremal structure of the holographic entropy cone
Creators: name: Avis, David
name: Hernández-Cuenca, Sergio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: G.2; J.2
subject: 90C57, 52B05

description: The holographic entropy cone (HEC) is a polyhedral cone first introduced in the study of a class of quantum entropy inequalities. It admits a graph-theoretic description in terms of minimum cuts in weighted graphs, a characterization which naturally generalizes the cut function for complete graphs. Unfortunately, no complete facet or extreme-ray representation of the HEC is known. In this work, starting from a purely graph-theoretic perspective, we develop a theoretical and computational foundation for the HEC. The paper is self-contained, giving new proofs of known results and proving several new results as well. These are also used to develop two systematic approaches for finding the facets and extreme rays of the HEC, which we illustrate by recomputing the HEC on $5$ terminals and improving its graph description. We also report on some partial results for $6$ terminals. Some interesting open problems are stated throughout.
description: 34 pages, 2 figures, 3 tables. Revised to add partial results for 6 terminals and to clarify various points
Challenges during Assembly of ASPIS Low-Concentrator Prototype Module
Creators: name: Wertz, R.
name: Giesen, T.
name: Aßländer, O.
name: Weingärtner, S.
name: Verl, A.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2011
Subjects: Advanced Photovoltaics : New Concepts and Ultra-High Efficiency
Terrestrial Concentrator Systems

description: 26th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 710-712
description: The Active Solar Panel Initiative intended to develop a fundamentally new, multidisciplinary
photovoltaic module technology that should enable to meet and even to exceed the year 2015 cost targets of the EU
Photovoltaic Strategic Research Agenda and could drive European consumer premises power generation to cost
parity with grid electricity. The goals of the project include prototyping and verification of the technology, as well as
development and verification of cost-efficient module assembly techniques and dissemination of knowledge among
European manufacturers.
A parametrized set of explicit elements of $\Sha(E/\Q)[3]$
Creators: name: Groen, Steven R.
name: Top, Jaap
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11G05, 11G07, 11R34, 11D25

description: In this paper, we give explicit equations for homogeneous spaces corresponding to a rational isogeny of degree $3$. An explicit set of elliptic curves with elements of order $3$ in their Tate-Shafarevich group is constructed. Combining this gives explicit examples of plane cubics over $\Q$ that have a point everywhere locally, but not globally.
description: Accepted version, 16 pages
Optical Absorptance in the Escape Cone in Actual Si Solar Cells
Creators: name: Abenante, L.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2010
Subjects: Wafer-Based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Mono- and Multicrystalline Silicon Materials and Cells

description: 25th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition / 5th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion, 6-10 September 2010, Valencia, Spain; 2319-2320
description: An expression for the absorptance of the light propagating inside the escape-cone volume is presented
together with an expression for total absorptance. Both expressions are derived according to the method of infinite
internal reflections of Basore under conditions such as to preserve optical consistency. In the case of an ideal rear reflector,
the expression for total absorptance coincides with the corresponding expression of Yablonovitch and Cody.
Escape-cone absorptance and total absorptance are calculated in an actual Si solar cell by using values for internal reflectance
and curves for absorption coefficient that are extracted from measured data of quantum efficiency (EQE)
and external reflectance (R).
Kochen-Specker Contextuality
Creators: name: Budroni, Costantino
name: Cabello, Adán
name: Gühne, Otfried
name: Kleinmann, Matthias
name: Larsson, Jan-Åke
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: History and Philosophy of Physics (physics.hist-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A central result in the foundations of quantum mechanics is the Kochen-Specker theorem. In short, it states that quantum mechanics is in conflict with classical models in which the result of a measurement does not depend on which other compatible measurements are jointly performed. Here compatible measurements are those that can be implemented simultaneously or, more generally, those that are jointly measurable. This conflict is generically called quantum contextuality. In this review, an introduction to this subject and its current status is presented. Several proofs of the Kochen-Specker theorem and different notions of contextuality are reviewed. How to experimentally test some of these notions is explained and connections between contextuality and nonlocality or graph theory are discussed. Finally, some applications of contextuality in quantum information processing are reviewed.
description: 68 pages, 20 figures. Final version
Discovery of off-axis jet structure of TeV blazar Mrk 501 with mm-VLBI
Creators: name: Koyama, S.
name: Kino, M.
name: Giroletti, M.
name: Doi, A.
name: Giovannini, G.
name: Orienti, M.
name: Hada, K.
name: Ros, E.
name: Niinuma, K.
name: Nagai, H.
name: Savolainen, T.
name: Krichbaum, T. P.
name: Pérez-Torres, M. Á.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: High-resolution millimeter wave very-long-baseline interferometry (mm-VLBI) is an ideal tool for probing the structure at the base of extragalactic jets in detail. The TeV blazar Mrk 501 is one of the best targets among BL Lac objects for studying the nature of off-axis jet structures because it shows different jet position angles at different scales. The aim of this study is to investigate the properties of the off-axis jet structure through high-resolution mm-VLBI images at the jet base and physical parameters such as kinematics, flux densities, and spectral indices. We performed Very Long Baseline Array (VLBA) observations over six epochs from 2012 February to 2013 February at 43 GHz. Quasi-simultaneous Global Millimeter VLBI Array (GMVA) observations at 86 GHz were performed in May 2012. We discover a new jet component at the northeast direction from the core in all the images at 43 and 86 GHz. The new component shows the off-axis location from the persistent jet extending to the southeast. The 43 GHz images reveal that the scattering of the positions of the NE component is within ~0.2 mas. The 86 GHz data reveals a jet component located 0.75 mas southeast of the radio core. We also discuss the spectral indices between 43 and 86 GHz, where the northeast component has steeper spectral index and the southeast component has comparable or flatter index than the radio core does.
description: 11 pages, 5 figures, accepted for publication in Astronomy and Astrophysics
Comparison of Two Step Printing Methods for Front Side Metallization
Creators: name: Kossen, E.
name: Heurtault, B.
name: Stassen, A.F.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2010
Subjects: Wafer-Based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Mono- and Multicrystalline Silicon Materials and Cells

description: 25th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition / 5th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion, 6-10 September 2010, Valencia, Spain; 2099-2100
description: In this paper two different industrial two-step printing methods are described. The first method is
stencil printing of the lines combined with screen-printing of the busbars. The second method is double screenprinting
where a second print is placed on top of the first print. Both methods are ready for introduction or already in
use in industry. Both methods result in an increase in cell efficiency of over 0.4% absolute as compared to single step
screen printing. This increase is due to lower metal coverage, but also due to an improvement of the grid resistance
and therefore higher fill factor. The amount of paste does not increase due to reduction in line width and because the
busbars are not printed twice .
«Apparent» Absorption Coefficient for Long-Wavelength Optical Modelling of Si Solar Cells
Creators: name: Abenante, L.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2010
Subjects: Wafer-Based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Mono- and Multicrystalline Silicon Materials and Cells

description: 25th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition / 5th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion, 6-10 September 2010, Valencia, Spain; 2311-2313
description: Quantum efficiency is modeled as a product of collection efficiency, absorptance at ray-path angle
with respect to the surface normal equal to 0°, and a factor accounting for a possible absorption enhancement due
to diffusion of internal light alone. This modeling allows deriving an expression for an «apparent» absorption coefficient
that only accounts for the possible absorption enhancement that does not depend on diffusion of internal
light. By exploiting the numerical simulation program PC1d, the formula is successfully checked in two actual
n+pp+ Si solar cells.
Application of the Printable Etching Paste for Production of Crystalline Silicon Solar Cells with Selective Emitter by One-Step Diffusion Process
Creators: name: Cech, P.
name: Barinka, R.
name: Poruba, A.
name: Machacek, M.
name: Frantik, O.
name: Barinkova, P.
name: Wostry, P.
name: Stockum, W.
name: Doll, O.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2010
Subjects: Wafer-Based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Mono- and Multicrystalline Silicon Materials and Cells

description: 25th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition / 5th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion, 6-10 September 2010, Valencia, Spain; 2321-2324
description: Standard solar cells from p-type crystalline silicon are produced with homogeneously doped n-type
emitter with typical sheet resistance 40-60W/sq. Cell structures with selective emitter achieve better performances due to
decreasing front recombination velocity (Auger and surface recombination). More complicated process technology with two
phosphorus diffusion and masking steps is disadvantageous of cell structures with selective emitter. This paper is presented
with the aim to achieve a simplified process for selective emitter structures in only one phosphorus diffusion step and
subsequent local application of printable etching paste.
Structure preserving numerical methods for the Vlasov equation
Creators: name: Einkemmer, Lukas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: To preserve a number of physically relevant invariants is a major concern when considering long time integration of the Vlasov equation. In the present work we consider the semi-Lagrangian discontinuous Galerkin method for the Vlasov-Poisson system. We discuss the performance of this method and compare it to cubic spline interpolation, where appropriate. In addition, numerical simulations for the two-stream instability are shown.
PharmKE: Knowledge Extraction Platform for Pharmaceutical Texts using Transfer Learning
Creators: name: Jofche, Nasi
name: Mishev, Kostadin
name: Stojanov, Riste
name: Jovanovik, Milos
name: Trajanov, Dimitar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The challenge of recognizing named entities in a given text has been a very dynamic field in recent years. This is due to the advances in neural network architectures, increase of computing power and the availability of diverse labeled datasets, which deliver pre-trained, highly accurate models. These tasks are generally focused on tagging common entities, but domain-specific use-cases require tagging custom entities which are not part of the pre-trained models. This can be solved by either fine-tuning the pre-trained models, or by training custom models. The main challenge lies in obtaining reliable labeled training and test datasets, and manual labeling would be a highly tedious task. In this paper we present PharmKE, a text analysis platform focused on the pharmaceutical domain, which applies deep learning through several stages for thorough semantic analysis of pharmaceutical articles. It performs text classification using state-of-the-art transfer learning models, and thoroughly integrates the results obtained through a proposed methodology. The methodology is used to create accurately labeled training and test datasets, which are then used to train models for custom entity labeling tasks, centered on the pharmaceutical domain. The obtained results are compared to the fine-tuned BERT and BioBERT models trained on the same dataset. Additionally, the PharmKE platform integrates the results obtained from named entity recognition tasks to resolve co-references of entities and analyze the semantic relations in every sentence, thus setting up a baseline for additional text analysis tasks, such as question answering and fact extraction. The recognized entities are also used to expand the knowledge graph generated by DBpedia Spotlight for a given pharmaceutical text.
Density of the union of positive diagonal binary quadratic forms
Creators: name: Diao, Yijie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11E16, 11N56

description: Let $X$ be a sufficiently large positive integer. We prove that one may choose a subset $S$ of primes with cardinality $O(\log X)$, such that a positive proportion of integers less than $X$ can be represented by $x^2 + p y^2$ for at least one of $p \in S$.
description: 13 pages
Hierarchical Federated Learning with Quantization: Convergence Analysis and System Design
Creators: name: Liu, Lumin
name: Zhang, Jun
name: Song, Shenghui
name: Letaief, Khaled B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Federated learning (FL) is a powerful distributed machine learning framework where a server aggregates models trained by different clients without accessing their private data. Hierarchical FL, with a client-edge-cloud aggregation hierarchy, can effectively leverage both the cloud server's access to many clients' data and the edge servers' closeness to the clients to achieve a high communication efficiency. Neural network quantization can further reduce the communication overhead during model uploading. To fully exploit the advantages of hierarchical FL, an accurate convergence analysis with respect to the key system parameters is needed. Unfortunately, existing analysis is loose and does not consider model quantization. In this paper, we derive a tighter convergence bound for hierarchical FL with quantization. The convergence result leads to practical guidelines for important design problems such as the client-edge aggregation and edge-client association strategies. Based on the obtained analytical results, we optimize the two aggregation intervals and show that the client-edge aggregation interval should slowly decay while the edge-cloud aggregation interval needs to adapt to the ratio of the client-edge and edge-cloud propagation delay. Simulation results shall verify the design guidelines and demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed aggregation strategy.
description: Published in IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications