cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
NMR lineshape of $^{29}$Si in single-crystal silicon
Creators: name: Christensen, Brooks
name: Price, John C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report measurements of the NMR lineshape of 4.685\% abundant $^{29}$Si in single-crystal silicon for four different crystallographic orientations relative to the applied magnetic field. To avoid significant inhomogeneous broadening, the sample crystals are immersed in a susceptibility matched liquid and the proton NMR lineshape in the liquid is used to measure the residual susceptibility mismatch and to shim the applied field. The observed lineshapes are in good agreement with disorder-averaged spin dynamics simulations performed on a $4 \times 4 \times 4$ unit cell lattice with periodic boundary conditions. The splitting of resolved doublet features is used to measure the asymmetry $ΔJ$ of the nearest-neighbor indirect dipole or J-coupling tensor, with the result $ΔJ=90\pm20$ Hz. All resolved doublets can be identified with specific nearest and next-nearest neighbor isolated spin pairs that occur in the disorder ensemble.
The Asymmetric Valence-Bond-Solid States in Quantum Spin Chains: The Difference Between Odd and Even Spins
Creators: name: Maekawa, Daisuke
name: Tasaki, Hal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The qualitative difference in low-energy properties of spin $S$ quantum antiferromagnetic chains with integer $S$ and half-odd-integer $S$ discovered by Haldane can be intuitively understood in terms of the valence-bond picture proposed by Affleck, Kennedy, Lieb, and Tasaki. Here we develop a similarly intuitive diagrammatic explanation of the qualitative difference between chains with odd $S$ and even $S$, which is at the heart of the theory of symmetry-protected topological (SPT) phases. More precisely, we define one-parameter families of states, which we call the asymmetric valence-bond solid (VBS) states, that continuously interpolate between the Affleck-Kennedy-Lieb-Tasaki (AKLT) state and the trivial zero state in quantum spin chains with $S=1$ and 2. The asymmetric VBS state is obtained by systematically modifying the AKLT state. It always has exponentially decaying truncated correlation functions and is a unique gapped ground state of a short-ranged Hamiltonian. We also observe that the asymmetric VBS state possesses the time-reversal, the $\mathbb{Z}_2\times\mathbb{Z}_2$, and the bond-centered inversion symmetries for $S=2$, but not for $S=1$. This is consistent with the known fact that the AKLT model belongs to the trivial SPT phase if $S=2$ and to a nontrivial SPT phase if $S=1$. Although such interpolating families of disordered states were already known, our construction is unified and is based on a simple physical picture. It also extends to spin chains with general integer $S$ and provides us with an intuitive explanation of the essential difference between models with odd and even spins.
description: 21 pages, 8 figures. A discussion about spin pumping has been added to section 4.4 in version 2. Many improvements (thanks to the referee) in version 3. There is a 24 minutes video in which the essence of the present work is discussed: https://youtu.be/URsf9e_PLlc
Epstein-Barr virus-induced genes and endogenous retroviruses in immortalized B cells from patients with multiple sclerosis
Creators: name: Wieland, Lisa
name: Schwarz, Tommy
name: Engel, Kristina
name: Volkmer, Ines
name: Krüger, Anna
name: Tarabuko, Alexander
name: Arnold, Jutta
name: Kornhuber, Malte E.
name: Hoffmann, Frank
name: Staege, Martin Sebastian
name: Emmer, Alexander
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 610

description: The immune pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis (MS) is thought to be triggered by environmental factors in individuals with an unfavorable genetic predisposition. Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) infection is a major risk factor for subsequent development of MS. Human endogenous retroviruses (HERVs) can be activated by EBV, and might be a missing link between an initial EBV infection and the later onset of MS. In this study, we investigated differential gene expression patterns in EBV-immortalized lymphoblastoid B cell lines (LCL) from MS-affected individuals (MSLCL) and controls by using RNAseq and qRT-PCR. RNAseq data from LCL mapped to the human genome and a virtual virus metagenome were used to identify possible biomarkers for MS or disease-relevant risk factors, e.g., the relapse rate. We observed that lytic EBNA-1 transcripts seemed to be negatively correlated with age leading to an increased expression in LCL from younger PBMC donors. Further, HERV-K (HML-2) GAG was increased upon EBV-triggered immortalization. Besides the well-known transactivation of HERV-K18, our results suggest that another six HERV loci are up-regulated upon stimulation with EBV. We identified differentially expressed genes in MSLCL, e.g., several HERV-K loci, ERVMER61-1 and ERV3-1, as well as genes associated with relapses. In summary, EBV induces genes and HERV in LCL that might be suitable as biomarkers for MS or the relapse risk.
Supplemental Material from Intense light unleashes male–male courtship behaviour in wild-type Drosophila
Creators: name: Ueda, Atsushi
name: Berg, Abigayle
name: Khan, Tashmit
name: Ruzicka, Madeleine
name: Li, Shuwen
name: Cramer, Ellyn
name: Iyengar, Atulya
name: Wu, Chun-Fang
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Neuroscience

description: Supplemental Figures and Tables
Optical Valley Hall Effect based on Transitional Metal Dichalcogenide cavity polaritons
Creators: name: Bleu, O.
name: Solnyshkov, D.
name: Malpuech, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate the dispersion of spinor exciton-polaritons in a planar microcavity with its active region containing a single Transitional Metal Dichalcogenide (TMD) monolayer, taking into account excitonic and photonic spin-orbit coupling. We consider the radial propagation of polaritons in presence of disorder. We show that the reduction of the disorder scattering induced by the formation of polariton states allows to observe an optical Valley Hall effect, namely the coherent precession of the locked valley and polarization pseudospins leading to the formation of spatial valley-polarized domains.
Geometric Hydrodynamics in Open Problems
Creators: name: Khesin, Boris
name: Misiolek, Gerard
name: Shnirelman, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Geometric Hydrodynamics has flourished ever since the celebrated 1966 paper of V. Arnold. In this paper we present a collection of open problems along with several new constructions in fluid dynamics and a concise survey of recent developments and achievements in this area. The topics discussed include variational settings for different types of fluids, models for invariant metrics, the Cauchy and boundary value problems, partial analyticity of solutions to the Euler equations, their steady and singular vorticity solutions, differential and Hamiltonian geometry of diffeomorphism groups, long-time behaviour of fluids, as well as mechanical models of direct and inverse cascades.
description: 41 pages, 5 figures, a new section and more details and references are added
Rye bread crust as an inducer of antioxidant genes and suppressor of NF-κB pathway in vivo
Creators: name: Wachter, Kristina
name: Gohde, Birte
name: Szabó, Gábor
name: Simm, Andreas
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 610

description: Heat-processed food, like bread, containing high amounts of advanced glycation end products (AGEs), is controversially discussed regarding the effects on health and disease. In in vitro and in vivo experiments, AGEs can induce proinflammatory NF-κB and/or the anti-inflammatory NRF2 pathways. The aim of this study was to investigate how gene expression is influenced in vivo upon short as well as long-term feeding of mice with control and bread crust-food (BC). For that, the liver, kidney and heart from two days- and eight days-fed mice were isolated and gene arrays were performed. Fewer genes were affected in terms of expression after two days of BC feeding than after eight days. We observed, especially in the heart and to lesser extent in the liver, an induction of antioxidant response by BC. Among the significantly up-regulated genes identified in the heart were transcripts encoding for cardioprotective and antioxidative proteins like metallothionein 2, uncoupling protein 3 and pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 4. In contrast, in the liver, genes encoding for inflammatory drivers like thioredoxin-interacting protein, lncRNA Mtss1 and ubiquitin-specific protease 2 were down-modulated. However, an increased expression of immunoglobulins was observed in the kidney. Furthermore, in vivo imaging analyses with NF-κB-luciferase-reporter mice uncovered a rather anti-inflammatory response, especially after three and seven days of the feeding study. Our results suggest that bread crust exerts antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects in the model organism mouse in an organ-specific manner.
Real-time Cooperative Vehicle Coordination at Unsignalized Road Intersections
Creators: name: Luo, Jiping
name: Zhang, Tingting
name: Hao, Rui
name: Li, Donglin
name: Chen, Chunsheng
name: Na, Zhenyu
name: Zhang, Qinyu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Cooperative coordination at unsignalized road intersections, which aims to improve the driving safety and traffic throughput for connected and automated vehicles, has attracted increasing interests in recent years. However, most existing investigations either suffer from computational complexity or cannot harness the full potential of the road infrastructure. To this end, we first present a dedicated intersection coordination framework, where the involved vehicles hand over their control authorities and follow instructions from a centralized coordinator. Then a unified cooperative trajectory optimization problem will be formulated to maximize the traffic throughput while ensuring the driving safety and long-term stability of the coordination system. To address the key computational challenges in the real-world deployment, we reformulate this non-convex sequential decision problem into a model-free Markov Decision Process (MDP) and tackle it by devising a Twin Delayed Deep Deterministic Policy Gradient (TD3)-based strategy in the deep reinforcement learning (DRL) framework. Simulation and practical experiments show that the proposed strategy could achieve near-optimal performance in sub-static coordination scenarios and significantly improve the traffic throughput in the realistic continuous traffic flow. The most remarkable advantage is that our strategy could reduce the time complexity of computation to milliseconds, and is shown scalable when the road lanes increase.
description: in IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems
Block Models and Personalized PageRank
Creators: name: Kloumann, Isabel
name: Ugander, Johan
name: Kleinberg, Jon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Methods for ranking the importance of nodes in a network have a rich history in machine learning and across domains that analyze structured data. Recent work has evaluated these methods though the seed set expansion problem: given a subset $S$ of nodes from a community of interest in an underlying graph, can we reliably identify the rest of the community? We start from the observation that the most widely used techniques for this problem, personalized PageRank and heat kernel methods, operate in the space of landing probabilities of a random walk rooted at the seed set, ranking nodes according to weighted sums of landing probabilities of different length walks. Both schemes, however, lack an a priori relationship to the seed set objective. In this work we develop a principled framework for evaluating ranking methods by studying seed set expansion applied to the stochastic block model. We derive the optimal gradient for separating the landing probabilities of two classes in a stochastic block model, and find, surprisingly, that under reasonable assumptions the gradient is asymptotically equivalent to personalized PageRank for a specific choice of the PageRank parameter $α$ that depends on the block model parameters. This connection provides a novel formal motivation for the success of personalized PageRank in seed set expansion and node ranking generally. We use this connection to propose more advanced techniques incorporating higher moments of landing probabilities; our advanced methods exhibit greatly improved performance despite being simple linear classification rules, and are even competitive with belief propagation.
description: 30 pages, 3 figures
Hadronic loop effects to excited scalar charmed mesons revisited
Creators: name: Alhakami, Mohammad H.
name: Althubiti, Numa A.
name: Al-shammari, Nwuyer A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We re-examine the hadronic loop effects to the masses of $D^*_0$ and $D^*_{s0}$ calculated in quark models in the framework of heavy meson chiral perturbation theory (HMCHPT). The inaccuracy in the choice of the argument of the chiral loop functions in previous works is corrected. Our calculations consider the full one-loop corrections that appear at leading order in the chiral expansion of the effective Lagrangian. Unlike previous approaches, ours leads to satisfactory results in explaining the low mass of the observed scalar charm states reported by the Particle Data Group (PDG). It is found that the mass shift of bare $D^*_{s0}$ ($D^*_{0}$) state is mainly due to the $DK$ ($Dπ$) loop corrections for values of the couplings that are compatible with the measured ones. We show why previous approaches of using HMCHPT in studying mass shift effects due to chiral loops gave unsatisfactory results.
XMM-Newton Studies of the Supernova Remnant G350.0$-$2.0
Creators: name: Karpova, A.
name: Shternin, P.
name: Zyuzin, D.
name: Danilenko, A.
name: Shibanov, Yu.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the results of XMM-Newton observations of the Galactic mixed-morphology supernova remnant G350.0$-$2.0. Diffuse thermal X-ray emission fills the north-western part of the remnant surrounded by radio shell-like structures. We did not detect any X-ray counterpart of the latter structures, but found several bright blobs within the diffuse emission. The X-ray spectrum of the most part of the remnant can be described by a collisionally-ionized plasma model VAPEC with solar abundances and a temperature of $\approx 0.8$ keV. The solar abundances of plasma indicate that the X-ray emission comes from the shocked interstellar material. The overabundance of Fe was found in some of the bright blobs. We also analysed the brightest point-like X-ray source 1RXS J172653.4$-$382157 projected on the extended emission. Its spectrum is well described by the two-temperature optically thin thermal plasma model MEKAL typical for cataclysmic variable stars. The cataclysmic variable source nature is supported by the presence of a faint ($g\approx21$) optical source with non-stellar spectral energy distribution at the X-ray position of 1RXS J172653.4$-$382157. It was detected with the XMM-Newton optical/UV monitor in the $U$ filter and was also found in the archival H$α$ and optical/near-infrared broadband sky survey images. On the other hand, the X-ray spectrum is also described by the power law plus thermal component model typical for a rotation powered pulsar. Therefore, the pulsar interpretation of the source cannot be excluded. For this source, we derived the upper limit for the pulsed fraction of 27 per cent.
description: 10 pages, 6 figures
Enriched TeO$_2$ bolometers with active particle discrimination: towards the CUPID experiment
Creators: name: Artusa, D. R.
name: Avignone, F. T.
name: Beeman, J. W.
name: Dafinei, I.
name: Dumoulin, L.
name: Ge, Z.
name: Giuliani, A.
name: Gotti, C.
name: de Marcillac, P.
name: Marnieros, S.
name: Nagorny, S.
name: Nisi, S.
name: Nones, C.
name: Norman, E. B.
name: Novati, V.
name: Olivieri, E.
name: Orlandi, D.
name: Pagnanini, L.
name: Pattavina, L.
name: Pessina, G.
name: Pirro, S.
name: Poda, D. V.
name: Rusconi, C.
name: Schäffner, K.
name: Scielzo, N. D.
name: Zhu, Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the performances of two 92% enriched $^{130}$TeO$_2$ crystals operated as thermal bolometers in view of a next generation experiment to search for neutrinoless double beta decay of $^{130}$Te. The crystals, 435 g each, show an energy resolution, evaluated at the 2615 keV $γ$-line of $^{208}$Tl, of 6.5 and 4.3 keV FWHM. The only observable internal radioactive contamination arises from $^{238}$U (15 and 8 $μ$Bq/kg, respectively). The internal activity of the most problematic nuclei for neutrinoless double beta decay, $^{226}$Ra and $^{228}$Th, are both evaluated as $
Musings from an inaugural Bachelor of Pharmacy curriculum: Teaching of health advocacy via integration of topics
Creators: name: Koh, Leroy
name: Azfar, Julian
name: Gallagher, Paul John
name: Nguyen, Thi Phuong Lan
name: Jayaram, Brendan
Publisher: name: Singapore Institute of Technology
Year: 2023
Subjects: Science, technology and engineering curriculum and pedagogy

description: The National University of Singapore (NUS) Department of Pharmacy aims to transform its undergraduate programme to calibrate to a rapidly evolving healthcare system. Health advocacy is an important competency of the new curriculum, to which curriculum integration forms the theoretical basis of how this can be met. In AY2020/21, 150 students were matriculated into the Department’s B.Pharm programme. Each student was asked two questions, both during the orientation and after the final examinations of Year 1. They were asked about their own definition of health advocacy and what a pharmacist could do to engage in health advocacy. Interview invitations were also sent. A total of 215 (72%) responses to the two questions resulted in the pre-survey, with 126 (42%) responses in the post-survey, and five students agreeing to the interview. The pre- and post-survey results were analysed using the overall evaluation model proposed by Westheimer (2003) to test the student’s internalisation. The four levels were: Level 1’s ‘Understanding Pharmacist’, Level 2’s ‘Personally Responsible Pharmacist’, Level 3’s ‘Participatory Pharmacist’, and Level 4’s ‘Justice-oriented Pharmacist’. While there was no significant difference between the four levels (p=0.77), a greater consolidation of health advocacy concepts was seen, with students understanding the responsibility of pharmacists in the medical field, and that they must be knowledgeable to uphold that accountability to patients. However, these Year 1 students had expressed self-doubt that pharmacists could contribute to larger and greater societal good. Besides integration in the curriculum, more should be done to showcase explicit examples of professional pharmacists promoting health advocacy as routine practice.
Study for a model-independent pole determination of overlapping resonances
Creators: name: Binosi, Daniele
name: Pilloni, Alessandro
name: Tripolt, Ralf-Arno
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We apply a model-independent reconstruction method to experimental data in order to identify complex poles of overlapping resonances. The algorithm is based on the Schlessinger Point Method where data points are interpolated using a continued-fraction expression. Statistical uncertainties of the experimental data are propagated with resampling. In order to demonstrate the feasibility of this method, we apply it to the $S$-wave $J/ψ\to γπ^0π^0$ decay. We benchmark the method on known analytic models, which allows us to estimate the deviation from the true value. We then perform the pole extraction from BESIII data, and identify the $f_0(1500)$, $f_0(1710)$, and $f_0(2020)$ scalar states. Our results are in reasonable agreement with recent results, which suggests the proposed method as a promising model-independent alternative for the determination of resonance poles that is solely based on available experimental data.
description: v1: 9 pages, 4 figures; v2: 12 pages, 7 figures. Major revision: added more details about the SPM and noise-filtering algorithms and a thorough analysis of the independence of the resonance locations from the number of input points. Conclusions unchanged
Metadata Recommendations for Audio-Visual Language Data
Creators: name: Rau, Felix
name: Majka, Nicole
name: Schwiertz, Gabriele
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: metadata standards
metadata
audiovisual data
linguistic data
language corpora

description: The Metadata Recommendations for Audio-Visual Language Data provide guidance for assessing the quality and interoperability of metadata for audio-visual language data resources. The recommendations do not specify a particular metadata format nor do they require any particular serialization, as various research communities use metadata formats and serialization techniques that are established in their specific field which can differ from established formats in other fields. Any dataset that provides the metadata recommended in this document in a formally identifiable and machine-readable way will be considered compliant with these recommendations. The current document Metadata Recommendations for Audio-Visual Language Data contains the modules Generic Research Data, Language Data, and AV Data that specify recommendations for dataset level metadata for these respective aspects of research data. Metadata relating to other structural units such as data packages – also called session, bundle, or (speech) event – and files as well as metadata relating to more subject specific use cases are not specified in this document.
The potential for phosphorus loss to groundwater from soils irrigated with dairy factory wastewater
Creators: name: Lizarralde, Carolina A.
name: McDowell, Richard
name: Condron, Leo
name: Brown, Jeff
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Soils irrigated with phosphorus (P)-rich wastewater can increase the risk of P losses from land to water. We investigated if wastewater-irrigated soils can leach P through the soil profile and enrich groundwater. Soils were sampled annually for 20 years to 7.5 cm depth and for one year to 2.2 and 15 m. A mass balance showed that topsoils >200 mg L−1 Olsen P (and <50% anion storage capacity, ASC) were no longer accumulating P and had very high concentrations of water and CaCl2-extractable P (designed to indicate loss to runoff and leaching, respectively). Samples in five paddocks showed substantial P leaching to 2.2 m, while sampling to 15 m showed leaching to 4.5 m depth. Deeper layers, especially in the 15 m deep cores, had a coarse texture and low capacity to sorb P, which caused high P concentrations (1.9 mg L−1) at one groundwater site. Based on these data preventing soils from reaching the thresholds of 200 mg L−1 Olsen P and 50% ASC is necessary to prevent excessive P losses.
Effective description of dark matter as a viscous fluid
Creators: name: Floerchinger, S.
name: Garny, M.
name: Tetradis, N.
name: Wiedemann, U. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Treating dark matter at large scales as an effectively viscous fluid provides an improved framework for the calculation of the density and velocity power spectra compared to the standard assumption of an ideal pressureless fluid. We discuss how this framework can be made concrete through an appropriate coarse-graining procedure. We also review results that demonstrate that it improves the convergence of cosmological perturbation theory.
description: 8 pages, 3 figures, talk by N. Tetradis at Quarks-2016, includes unpublished material
Supplementary information for 'Animalistic slurs increase harm by changing perceptions of social desirability'
Creators: name: Enock, Florence
name: Over, Harriet
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 170299
subject: Cognitive Science not elsewhere classified
classificationCode: 179999
subject: Psychology and Cognitive Sciences not elsewhere classified
classificationCode: 60801
subject: Animal Behaviour

description: In propaganda and hate speech, target groups are often compared to dangerous and disgusting animals. Exposure to these animalistic slurs is thought to increase endorsement of intergroup harm but the mechanism by which this happens remains unclear. Across two pre-registered and highly powered studies, we examined how animalistic language influences the cultural transmission of beliefs about target groups. In line with previous work, we found that describing a novel political group with animalistic slurs increased the extent to which participants endorsed harm towards them. Importantly, reading animalistic slurs did not influence the extent to which participants believed the target group possessed uniquely human qualities. Rather, the animalistic slurs influenced endorsement of harm by making the target group appear more undesirable. These findings offer a novel perspective into the nature of dehumanization and new insights into how hate speech functions.
HST Imaging of the Local Volume Dwarf Galaxies Pisces A&B: Prototypes for Local Group Dwarfs
Creators: name: Tollerud, Erik J.
name: Geha, Marla C.
name: Grcevich, Jana
name: Putman, Mary E.
name: Weisz, Daniel R.
name: Dolphin, Andrew E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present observations of the Pisces A and B galaxies with the Advanced Camera for Surveys on the Hubble Space Telescope. Photometry from these images clearly resolve a Red Giant Branch for both objects, demonstrating that they are nearby dwarf galaxies. We describe a Bayesian inferential approach to determining the distance to these galaxies using the magnitude of the tip of the RGB, and then apply this approach to these galaxies. We also provide the full probability distributions for parameters derived using this approach. This reveals the distance to these galaxies as $5.64^{+0.13}_{-0.15} \, {\rm Mpc}$ and $8.89^{+0.75}_{-0.85} \, {\rm Mpc}$ for Pisces A and B, respectively, placing both within the Local Volume but not the Local Group. We estimate the star formation histories of these galaxies, which suggests that they have recently undergone an increase in their star formation rates. Together these yield luminosities for Pisces A and B of $M_V=-11.57^{+0.06}_{-0.05}$ and $-12.9 \pm 0.2$, respectively, and estimated stellar masses of $\log(M_*/M_{\odot})= 7.0^{+0.4}_{-1.7}$ and $7.5^{+0.3}_{-1.8}$. We further show that these galaxies are likely at the boundary between nearby voids and higher-density filamentary structure. This suggests that they are entering a higher-density region from voids, where they would have experienced delayed evolution, consistent with their recent increased star formation rates. If this is indeed the case, they are useful for study as proxies of the galaxies that later evolved into typical Local Group satellite galaxies.
description: Accepted to ApJ, 14 pages. 3D version of Figure 12 at http://bit.ly/piscdwarfs_3d_fig12, MCMC chains at http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.51375
Economics and pricing policy in the control of state enterprise : with application to the Gas and Fuel Corporation of Victoria
Creators: name: Xavier, Patrick O.
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2022

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
Evaporating Rayleigh-Bénard convection: prediction of interface temperature and global heat transfer modulation
Creators: name: Scapin, Nicoló
name: Demou, Andreas D.
name: Brandt, Luca
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose an analytical model to estimate the interface temperature $Θ_Γ$ and the Nusselt number $Nu$ for an evaporating two-layer Rayleigh-Bénard configuration in statistically stationary conditions. The model is based on three assumptions: (i) the Oberbeck-Boussinesq approximation can be applied to the liquid phase, while the gas thermophysical properties are generic functions of thermodynamic pressure, local temperature, and vapour composition, (ii) the Grossmann-Lohse theory for thermal convection can be applied to the liquid and gas layers separately, (iii) the vapour content in the gas can be taken as the mean value at the gas-liquid interface. We validate this setting using direct numerical simulations (DNS) in a parameter space composed of the Rayleigh number ($10^6\leq Ra\leq 10^8$) and the temperature differential ($0.05\leq\varepsilon\leq 0.20$), which modulates the variation of state variables in the gas layer. To better disentangle the variable property effects on $Θ_Γ$ and $Nu$, simulations are performed in two conditions. First, we consider the case of uniform gas properties except for the gas density and gas-liquid diffusion coefficient. Second, we include the variation of specific heat capacity, dynamic viscosity, and thermal conductivity using realistic equations of state. Irrespective of the employed setting, the proposed model agrees very well with the numerical simulations over the entire range of $Ra-\varepsilon$ investigated.
Abundances in the Local Region II: F, G and K Dwarfs and Subgiants
Creators: name: Luck, R. Earle
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Parameters and abundances for 1002 stars of spectral types F, G, and K of luminosity class IV and V have been derived. After culling the sample for rotational velocity and effective temperature, 867 stars remain for discussion. Twenty-eight elements are considered in the analysis. The α, iron-peak, and Period 5 transition metal abundances for these stars show a modest enhancement over solar averaging about 0.05 dex. The lanthanides are more abundant averaging about +0.2 dex over solar. The question is: Are these stars enhanced or is the Sun somewhat metal-poor relative to these stars? The consistency of the abundances derived here argues for the latter view. Lithium, carbon, and oxygen abundances have been derived. The stars show the usual lithium astration as a function of mass / temperature. There are more than 100 planet-hosts in the sample, and there is no discernible difference in their lithium content relative to the remaining stars. The carbon and oxygen abundances show the well-known trend of decreasing [x/Fe] ratio with increasing [Fe/H].
description: 164 Pages 6 Tables (142 pages in the tables) 13 figures Accepted for publication - Astronomical Journal
The edge Folkman number $F_e(3, 3; 4)$ is greater than 19
Creators: name: Bikov, Aleksandar
name: Nenov, Nedyalko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The set of the graphs which do not contain the complete graph on $q$ vertices $K_q$ and have the property that in every coloring of their edges in two colors there exist a monochromatic triangle is denoted by $\mathcal{H}_e(3, 3; q)$. The edge Folkman numbers $F_e(3, 3; q) = \min\{|V(G)| : G \in \mathcal{H}_e(3, 3; q)\}$ are considered. Folkman proved in 1970 that $F_e(3, 3; q)$ exists if and only if $q \geq 4$. From the Ramsey number $R(3, 3) = 6$ it becomes clear that $F_e(3, 3; q) = 6$ if $q \geq 7$. It is also known that $F_e(3, 3; 6) = 8$ and $F_e(3, 3; 5) = 15$. The upper bounds on the number $F_e(3, 3; 4)$ which follow from the construction of Folkman and from the constructions of some other authors are not good. In 1975 Erdos posed the problem to prove the inequality $F_e(3, 3; 4) < 10^{10}$. This Erdos problem was solved by Spencer in 1978. The last upper bound on $F_e(3, 3; 4)$ was obtained in 2012 by Lange, Radziszowski and Xu, who proved that $F_e(3, 3; 4) \leq 786$. The best lower bound on this number is 19 and was obtained 10 years ago by Radziszowski and Xu. In this paper, we improve this result by proving $F_e(3, 3; 4) \geq 20$. At the end of the paper, we improve the known bounds on the vertex Folkman number $F_v(2, 3, 3; 4)$ by proving $20 \leq F_v(2, 3, 3; 4) \leq 24$.
Testing for the Hildreth-Houck random coefficient model
Creators: name: Milan, Lucio.
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2022

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
Exact Electromagnetic Response of Landau Level Electrons
Creators: name: Nguyen, Dung Xuan
name: Gromov, Andrey
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a simple method that allows to calculate the electromagnetic response of non-interacting electrons in strong magnetic field to arbitrary order in the gradients of external electric and magnetic fields. We illustrate the method on both non-relativistic and massless Dirac electrons filling $N$ Landau levels. First, we derive an exact relation between the electromagnetic response of the non-relativistic and Dirac electrons in the lowest Landau level. Next, we obtain a closed form expression for the polarization operator in the large $N$ (or weak magnetic field) limit. We explicitly show that in the large $N$ limit the random phase approximation (RPA) computation of the polarization tensor agrees - in leading and sub-leading order in $N$ - with a Fermi liquid computation to {\it all} orders in the gradient expansion and for arbitrary value of the $\mathrm{g}$-factor. Finally, we show that in the large $N$ limit the non-relativistic polarization tensor agrees with Dirac's in the leading and sub-leading orders in $N$, provided that Berry phase of the Dirac cone is taken into account via replacement $N\longrightarrow N+\frac{1}{2}$.
description: 23 pages, 5 figures
Parameters of epicentral status
Creators: name: Schneider, Edgar W.
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 420 Englisch

description: The present paper offers a fundamental discussion of constituent parameters and relevant issues associated with the concepts of pluricentricity and epicentres. It proposes an explicit division into a weak reading, highlighting the co-existence of national varieties of languages, and a strong one, focusing on influence exerted by some varieties on others. Parameters which constitute epicentres include size and speaker numbers, geographical proximity, intensity of mutual relations, directionality of influence, and attitudinal factors. Methodologically, a fully convincing documentation of epicentral influence would call for diachronic data from both varieties in question, an investigation of detailed usage conditions of forms compared, and a plausible account of the potential for contact – though for now this seems very difficult to achieve. It is suggested that the perspective taken should not only encompass standard varieties and that the weak version of pluricentricity has strong roots in language attitudes and perception rather than production.
Rigorous scaling laws for internally heated convection at infinite Prandtl number
Creators: name: Arslan, Ali
name: Fantuzzi, Giovanni
name: Craske, John
name: Wynn, Andrew
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: New bounds are proven on the mean vertical convective heat transport, $\overline{\langle wT \rangle}$, for uniform internally heated (IH) convection in the limit of infinite Prandtl number. For fluid in a horizontally-periodic layer between isothermal boundaries, we show that $\overline{\langle wT \rangle} \leq \frac12 - c R^{-2}$, where $R$ is a nondimensional `flux' Rayleigh number quantifying the strength of internal heating and $c = 216$. Then, $\overline{\langle wT \rangle} = 0$ corresponds to vertical heat transport by conduction alone, while $\overline{\langle wT \rangle} > 0$ represents the enhancement of vertical heat transport upwards due to convective motion. If, instead, the lower boundary is a thermal insulator, then we obtain $\overline{\langle wT \rangle} \leq \frac12 - c R^{-4}$, with $c\approx 0.0107$. This result implies that the Nusselt number $Nu$, defined as the ratio of the total-to-conductive heat transport, satisfies $Nu \lesssim R^{4}$. Both bounds are obtained by combining the background method with a minimum principle for the fluid's temperature and with Hardy--Rellich inequalities to exploit the link between the vertical velocity and temperature. In both cases, power-law dependence on $R$ improves the previously best-known bounds, which, although valid at both infinite and finite Prandtl numbers, approach the uniform bound exponentially with $R$.
description: 28 pages, 5 figures
Understanding the Why and How of Psychological Science
Creators: name: Munafo, Marcus
name: Chan, Florence
name: Clark, Robbie
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Arts and Humanities
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Life Sciences
subject: psychology
subject: qualitative
subject: philosophy of science
subject: grounded theory

description: A qualitative investigation into how experienced psychology researchers conceptualise, analyse, and derive meaning from their research.
Exoplanet transits enable high-resolution spectroscopy across spatially resolved stellar surfaces
Creators: name: Dravins, Dainis
name: Ludwig, Hans-Günter
name: Dahlén, Erik
name: Pazira, Hiva
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Observations of stellar surfaces - except for the Sun - are hampered by their tiny angular extent, while observed spectral lines are smeared by averaging over the stellar surface, and by stellar rotation. Exoplanet transits can be used to analyze stellar atmospheric structure, yielding high-resolution spectra across spatially highly resolved stellar surfaces, free from effects of spatial smearing and the rotational wavelength broadening present in full-disk spectra. During a transit, stellar surface portions successively become hidden, and differential spectroscopy between various transit phases provides spectra of those surface segments then hidden behind the planet. The small area subtended by even a large planet (about 1% of a main-sequence star) offers high spatial resolution but demands very precise observations. We demonstrate the reconstruction of photospheric FeI line profiles at a spectral resolution R=80,000 across the surface of the solar-type star HD209458. Any detailed understanding of stellar atmospheres requires modeling with 3-dimensional hydrodynamics. The properties predicted by such models are mapped onto the precise spectral-line shapes, asymmetries and wavelength shifts, and their variation from the center to the limb across any stellar disk. This method provides a tool for testing and verifying such models. The method will soon become applicable to more diverse types of stars, thanks to new spectrometers on very large telescopes, and since ongoing photometric searches are expected to discover additional bright host stars of transiting exoplanets.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures, presented at The 19th Cambridge Workshop on Cool Stars, Stellar Systems, and the Sun, Uppsala, June 2016; to appear in proceedings (G.A.Feiden, ed.)
Steel price rises : information content and semi-strong form market efficiency
Creators: name: Greene, Ian.
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2022

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
LIBRSB: Multicore Sparse Matrix Performance across Languages and Architectures
Creators: name: Martone, Michele
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: sparse matrix
spmv
LIBRSB
Sparse BLAS
Octave
Python
HPC
OpenMP
BLAS
RSB

description: LIBRSB poster presented at the Platform for Advanced Scientific Computing Conference (PASC'23), on 26-28.06.2023 in Davos, Switzerland.
ALMA observations of the supergiant B[e] star Wd1-9
Creators: name: Fenech, D.
name: Clark, J. S.
name: Prinja, R. K.
name: Morford, J. C.
name: Dougherty, S.
name: Blomme, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Mass-loss in massive stars plays a critical role in their evolution, although the precise mechanism(s) responsible - radiatively driven winds, impulsive ejection and/or binary interaction -remain uncertain. In this paper we present ALMA line and continuum observations of the supergiant B[e] star Wd1-9, a massive post-Main Sequence object located within the starburst cluster Westerlund 1. We find it to be one of the brightest stellar point sources in the sky at millimetre wavelengths, with (serendipitously identified) emission in the H41alpha radio recombination line. We attribute these properties to a low velocity (~100 km/s) ionised wind, with an extreme mass-loss rate 6.4x10^-5(d/5kpc)^1.5 Msol/yr. External to this is an extended aspherical ejection nebula indicative of a prior phase of significant mass-loss. Taken together, the millimetre properties of Wd1-9 show a remarkable similarity to those of the highly luminous stellar source MWC349A.We conclude that these objects are interacting binaries evolving away from the main sequence and undergoing rapid case-A mass transfer. As such they - and by extension the wider class of supergiant B[e] stars - may provide a unique window into the physics of a process that shapes the life-cycle of ~70% of massive stars found in binary systems.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures, MNRAS accepted
Semi-Cycled Generative Adversarial Networks for Real-World Face Super-Resolution
Creators: name: Hou, Hao
name: Xu, Jun
name: Hou, Yingkun
name: Hu, Xiaotao
name: Wei, Benzheng
name: Shen, Dinggang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Real-world face super-resolution (SR) is a highly ill-posed image restoration task. The fully-cycled Cycle-GAN architecture is widely employed to achieve promising performance on face SR, but prone to produce artifacts upon challenging cases in real-world scenarios, since joint participation in the same degradation branch will impact final performance due to huge domain gap between real-world and synthetic LR ones obtained by generators. To better exploit the powerful generative capability of GAN for real-world face SR, in this paper, we establish two independent degradation branches in the forward and backward cycle-consistent reconstruction processes, respectively, while the two processes share the same restoration branch. Our Semi-Cycled Generative Adversarial Networks (SCGAN) is able to alleviate the adverse effects of the domain gap between the real-world LR face images and the synthetic LR ones, and to achieve accurate and robust face SR performance by the shared restoration branch regularized by both the forward and backward cycle-consistent learning processes. Experiments on two synthetic and two real-world datasets demonstrate that, our SCGAN outperforms the state-of-the-art methods on recovering the face structures/details and quantitative metrics for real-world face SR. The code will be publicly released at https://github.com/HaoHou-98/SCGAN.
Developing a System for Notification of Forgetting to Close the Dormitory Door with Mobile Application using Internet of Things
Creators: name: Sanya Khruahong
Publisher: name: Faculty of Informatics, Mahasarakham University
Year: 2023
Subjects: Internet of things (IoT)
Ultrasonic sensor
Notification
Mobile application

description: Journal of Applied Informatics and Technology, 5, 1, 36-50
ODONTOMA COMPOSTO EM PACIENTES PEDIATRICOS: DIAGNÓSTICO E TRATAMENTO - REVISÃO DE LITERATURA
Creators: name: Tatiele da Silva RESENDE
name: Gabryelle Machado ALENCAR
name: Marlene Ribeiro de OLIVEIRA
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Odontoma Composto
Características Clinicas do Odontoma em Crianças
Histologia e Diagnóstico

description: RESUMO

O odontoma está relacionado ao processo de formação dentária durante o desenvolvimento embrionário, essa condição é caracterizada pela presença de tecidos dentários malformados, como esmalte, dentina e polpa, os quais se organizam de forma desordenada. O artigo tem como objetivo descrever e relatar as características clínicas, radiográficas, histopatológicas, manejo odontológico, diagnóstico do odontoma composto e realizar uma revisão da literatura acerca do assunto. Metodologia baseada por meio de uma extensa revisão bibliográfica, onde incluiu recursos online e artigos científicos, análise completa da literatura nacional e internacional sobre odontoma composto. Portanto, é fundamental que o cirurgião dentista seja capacitado para saber diagnosticar e escolher técnicas de manejo psicológico para promover um comportamento positivo e facilitar o tratamento, devido ao fato de que cada criança é única e merece um exame clínico individualizado.