cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Lipschitz extension constants equal projection constants
Creators: name: Rieffel, Marc A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: Metric Geometry (math.MG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 46B20; 26A16

description: For a Banach space $V$ we define its Lipschitz extension constant, $\cL\cE(V)$, to be the infimum of the constants $c$ such that for every metric space $(Z,ρ)$, every $X \subset Z$, and every $f: X \to V$, there is an extension, $g$, of $f$ to $Z$ such that $L(g) \le cL(f)$, where $L$ denotes the Lipschitz constant. The basic theorem is that when $V$ is finite-dimensional we have $\cL\cE(V) = \cP\cC(V)$ where $\cP\cC(V)$ is the well-known projection constant of $V$. We obtain some direct consequences of this theorem, especially when $V = M_n(\bC)$. We then apply techniques for calculating projection constants, involving averaging projections, to calculate $\cL\cE((M_n(\bC))^{sa})$. We also discuss what happens if we also require that $\|g\|_{\infty} = \|f\|_{\infty}$.
description: 16 pages. Three very minor mathematical typos corrected. Intended for the proceedings of GPOTS05
title: Excessive Beam Deflections on the KY-52 Bridge Over Dix River
title: (Boyle-Garrard County Line)
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Hopwood, Theodore
name: Oka, Vishwas G.
name: Hunsucker, David Q.
name: Havens, James H.
Publisher: name: Kentucky Transportation Center, University of Kentucky
Year: 1988
Subjects: subject: Transportation Engineering

description: Upon rehabilitation, beams and deck of the Ky 52 bridge over Dix River were observed to have excessive deflections. An investigation of the problem included field inspections, structural analyses, and interviews with relevant KYDOH and other personnel.  Field measurements were made of the beam deflections. Those were compared to construction field measurements and dead-load calculations.  The beam deflection problem is attributed to 1) a failure to provide for sufficient camber in the beams to accommodate for construction dead loads, and 2) pre-existing sags in the beams when placed prior to casting the deck. Part of the deck deflection problem can be attributed to a lack of provision for construction deflection in the top of slab elevations furnished to the contractor. However, cause of the remaining deck deflection was not determined.
Dynamical randomness, information, and Landauer's principle
Creators: name: Andrieux, D.
name: Gaspard, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: New concepts from nonequilibrium thermodynamics are used to show that Landauer's principle can be understood in terms of time asymmetry in the dynamical randomness generated by the physical process of the erasure of digital information. In this way, Landauer's principle is generalized, showing that the dissipation associated with the erasure of a sequence of bits produces entropy at the rate $k_{\rm B}I$ per erased bit, where $I$ is Shannon's information per bit.
ELEKTRON BIZNES VA ELEKTRON TIJORAT
Creators: name: Tojimamatov, Israil
name: Abdumalikova, Mohinurbonu
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Yangi davrga o‘tish, inson faoliyatining o‘zgarishi va raqamlashtirilishi aynan elektron tijorati sohasida, shuningdek, butun iqtisodiyotda savdo aylanmasining jadal rivojlanishi va o‘sishiga xizmat qildi. Internet platformasi savdo o'sib borayotgan soha va ayni paytda iqtisodiyot uchun kuchli asos bo’lib xizmat qilmoqda. Savdoning yangi turi aholi bandligini ta’minlash, o‘zini-o‘zi ish bilan ta’minlash uchun yangi istiqbollarni ochib, xususiy tadbirkorlik rivojiga turtki bo‘lmoqda.
Strategies for the Construction of Machine-Learning Potentials for Accurate and Efficient Atomic-Scale Simulations
Creators: name: Miksch, April M.
name: Morawietz, Tobias
name: Kästner, Johannes
name: Urban, Alexander
name: Artrith, Nongnuch
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent advances in machine-learning interatomic potentials have enabled the efficient modeling of complex atomistic systems with an accuracy that is comparable to that of conventional quantum mechanics based methods. At the same time, the construction of new machine-learning potentials can seem a daunting task, as it involves data-science techniques that are not yet common in chemistry and materials science. Here, we provide a tutorial-style overview of strategies and best practices for the construction of artificial neural network (ANN) potentials. We illustrate the most important aspects of (i) data collection, (ii) model selection, (iii) training and validation, and (iv) testing and refinement of ANN potentials on the basis of practical examples. Current research in the areas of active learning and delta learning are also discussed in the context of ANN potentials. This tutorial review aims at equipping computational chemists and materials scientists with the required background knowledge for ANN potential construction and application, with the intention to accelerate the adoption of the method, so that it can facilitate exciting research that would otherwise be challenging with conventional strategies.
description: 19 pages, 11 figures
Zehn Jahre theologischer Dialog zwischen EKD und der Rumänischen Orthodoxen Kirche (1979-1989)
Creators: name: Ioniţă, Viorel
Publisher: name: Ökumenische Rundschau
Year: 2025

description: Ökumenische Rundschau, Bd. 39 Nr. 3 (1990): Ökumenische Rundschau, Band 39, Heft 3
Finite size effects in the dynamics and thermodynamics of 2D Coulomb clusters
Creators: name: Yurtsever, E.
name: Calvo, F.
name: Wales, D. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Atomic and Molecular Clusters (physics.atm-clus)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The dynamics and thermodynamics of melting in two-dimensional Coulomb clusters is revisited using molecular dynamics and Monte Carlo simulations. Several parameters are considered, including the Lindemann index, the largest Lyapunov exponent and the diffusion constant. In addition to the orientational and radial melting processes, isomerizations and complex size effects are seen to occur in a very similar way to atomic and molecular clusters. The results are discussed in terms of the energy landscape represented through disconnectivity graphs, with proper attention paid to the broken ergodicity problems in simulations. Clusters bound by 1/r^3 and e^{-κr}/r forces, and heterogeneous clusters made of singly- and doubly-charged species, are also studied, as well as the evolution toward larger systems.
Rotating Solution of Einstein-Maxwell Dilaton Gravity with Unusual Asymptotics
Creators: name: Sheykhi, A.
name: Riazi, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study electrically charged, dilaton black holes, which possess infinitesimal angular momentum in the presence of one or two Liouville type potentials. These solutions are neither asymptotically flat nor (anti)-de Sitter. Some properties of the solutions are discussed.
description: 11 pages, Accepted (Int. J. Theor. Phys.)
Skewness of local logarithmic exports
Creators: name: Choi, Sung-Gook
name: Lee, Deok-Sun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Trading and Market Microstructure (q-fin.TR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: The distributions of trade values and relationships among countries and product categories reflect how countries select their trade partners and design export portfolios. Here we consider the exporter-importer network and the exporter-product network with directed links weighted by the logarithm of the corresponding export values each year from 1962 to 2018, and study how the weights of the outgoing links from each country are distributed. Such local logarithmic export distributions by destinations and products are found to follow approximately the Gaussian distribution across exporters and time, implying random assignment of export values on logarithmic scale. However, a non-zero skewness is identified, changing from positive to negative as exporters have more partner importers and more product categories in their portfolios. Seeking the origin, we analyze how local exports depend on the out-degree of exporter and the in-degrees of destinations/products and formulate their quantitative and measurable relation incorporating randomness, which uncovers the fundamental nature of the export strategies of individual countries.
description: 12 pages, 5 figures, Appendix with 7 supplementary figures
Entgegnung zu Theodor Schneider, "Römisch (und) Katholisch?" und dessen Gegenäußerung
Creators: name: Benedikt XVI., Papst
Publisher: name: Ökumenische Rundschau
Year: 2025

description: Ökumenische Rundschau, Bd. 39 Nr. 3 (1990): Ökumenische Rundschau, Band 39, Heft 3
Investigation of latent adenovirus 5 infection in guinea pig lung
Creators: name: Behzad, Hayedeh
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: The present study was based on the hypothesis that adenovirus E1A DNA persists in airway epithelial cells following a respiratory tract infection and is capable of amplifying cigarette smoke-induced airways inflammation. The experiments were conducted in a guinea pig model of latent adenovirus 5 (Ad5) infection where we have previously shown that latent infection increased the numbers of T-lymphocytes and macrophages in the lungs of animals acutely exposed to cigarette smoke. In the present study, we examined the lungs of 11 Ad5 infected and 12 sham infected animals 5 weeks post infection using PCR to demonstrate persistence of Ad5 E1A DNA, PCR in situ hybridization to localize this E1A DNA, and immunohistochemistry to detect the E1A protein expression in the lungs of Ad5 infected animals. Southern hybridization for the E1A PCR products demonstrated that Ad5 E1A DNA persisted in the lungs of 9 of 11 infected animals. PCR in situ hybridization localized this E1A DNA in the bronchiolar and alveolar epithelial cells in 5 of the 11 latently infected guinea pigs examined. Quantitative histology established that, on average, about 14 - 47 E1A positive cells were present in the total lung surface area (1.30 m² - 1.97 m²) of these lungs. Of the 11 latently infected animals, 2 were positive by immunohistochemistry for E1A protein expression in their lungs. None of the sham infected controls were positive in any of the above studies. These results show that latent adenoviral infection involves a small scattered population of airway epithelial cells in which viral DNA is easier to demonstrate than protein.
Polar phonons and intrinsic dielectric response of the ferromagnetic insulating spinel CdCr$_2$S$_4$ from first principles
Creators: name: Fennie, Craig J.
name: Rabe, Karin M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have studied the dielectric properties of the ferromagnetic spinel CdCr$_2$S$_4$ from first principles. Zone-center phonons and Born effective charges were calculated by frozen-phonon and Berry phase techniques within LSDA+U. We find that all infrared-active phonons are quite stable within the cubic space group. The calculated static dielectric constant agrees well with previous measurements. These results suggest that the recently observed anomalous dielectric behavior in CdCr$_2$S$_4$ is not due to the softening of a polar mode. We suggest further experiments to clarify this point.
Switchbacks as signatures of magnetic flux ropes generated by interchange reconnection in the corona
Creators: name: Drake, J. F.
name: Agapitov, O.
name: Swisdak, M.
name: Badman, S. T.
name: Bale, S. D.
name: Horbury, T. S.
name: Kasper, Justin C.
name: MacDowall, R. J.
name: Mozer, F. S.
name: Phan, T. D.
name: Pulupa, M.
name: Szabo, A.
name: Velli, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The structure of magnetic flux ropes injected into the solar wind during reconnection in the coronal atmosphere is explored with particle-in-cell simulations and compared with in situ measurements of magnetic "switchbacks" from the Parker Solar Probe. We suggest that multi-x-line reconnection between open and closed flux in the corona injects flux ropes into the solar wind and that these flux ropes convect outward over long distances before eroding due to reconnection. Simulations that explore the magnetic structure of flux ropes in the solar wind reproduce the following key features of the switchback observations: a rapid rotation of the radial magnetic field into the transverse direction, which is a consequence of reconnection with a strong guide field; and the potential to reverse the radial field component. The potential implication of the injection of large numbers of flux ropes in the coronal atmosphere for understanding the generation of the solar wind is discussed.
A matrix representation of graphs and its spectrum as a graph invariant
Creators: name: Emms, David
name: Hancock, Edwin R.
name: Severini, Simone
name: Wilson, Richard C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use the line digraph construction to associate an orthogonal matrix with each graph. From this orthogonal matrix, we derive two further matrices. The spectrum of each of these three matrices is considered as a graph invariant. For the first two cases, we compute the spectrum explicitly and show that it is determined by the spectrum of the adjacency matrix of the original graph. We then show by computation that the isomorphism classes of many known families of strongly regular graphs (up to 64 vertices) are characterized by the spectrum of this matrix. We conjecture that this is always the case for strongly regular graphs and we show that the conjecture is not valid for general graphs. We verify that the smallest regular graphs which are not distinguished with our method are on 14 vertices.
description: 14 pages
Importance of electronic correlations for the magnetic properties of the two-dimensional ferromagnet CoBr$_2$
Creators: name: Banerjee, Hrishit
name: Aichhorn, Markus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the emergence of ferromagnetism in the two-dimensional metal-halide CoBr$_2$, with a special focus on the role of electronic correlations. The calculated phonon spectrum shows that the system is thermodynamically stable unlike other Co halides. We apply two well-known methods for the estimation of the Curie temperature. First, we do DFT+U calculations to calculate exchange couplings, which are subsequently used in a classical Monte Carlo simulation of the resulting Ising spin model. The transition temperature calculated in this way is in the order of 100 K, but shows a strong dependence on the choice of interaction parameters. Second, we apply dynamical mean-field theory to calculate the correlated electronic structure and estimate the transition temperature.This results in a similar estimate for a noticeable transition temperature of approximately 100 K,however, without the strong dependence on the interaction parameters. The effect of electron-electron interactions are strongly orbital selective, with only moderate correlations in the three low-lying orbitals (one doublet plus one singlet), and strong correlations in the doublet at higher energy. This can be traced back to the electronic occupation in DMFT, with five electrons in the three low-lying orbitals and two electrons in the high-energy doublet, making the latter one half-filled. Nevertheless, the overall spectral gap is governed by the small gap originating from the low-lying doublet+singlet orbitals, which changes very weakly with interaction U. In that sense,the system is close to a Mott metal-to-insulator transition, which has been shown previously to be a hot-spot for strong magnetism.
Non Poissonian statistics in a low density fluid
Creators: name: Visco, P.
name: van Wijland, F.
name: Trizac, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Our interest goes to the collisional statistics in an arbitrary interacting fluid. We show that even in the low density limit and contrary to naive expectation, the number of collisions experienced by a tagged particle in a given time does not obey Poisson law, and that conversely, the free flight time distribution is not a simple exponential. As an illustration, the hard sphere fluid case is worked out in detail. For this model, we quantify analytically those deviations and successfully compare our predictions against molecular dynamics simulations.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures
Aspects of Holographic Entanglement Entropy
Creators: name: Ryu, Shinsei
name: Takayanagi, Tadashi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This is an extended version of our short report hep-th/0603001, where a holographic interpretation of entanglement entropy in conformal field theories is proposed from AdS/CFT correspondence. In addition to a concise review of relevant recent progresses of entanglement entropy and details omitted in the earlier letter, this paper includes the following several new results : We give a more direct derivation of our claim which relates the entanglement entropy with the minimal area surfaces in the AdS_3/CFT_2 case as well as some further discussions on higher dimensional cases. Also the relation between the entanglement entropy and central charges in 4D conformal field theories is examined. We check that the logarithmic part of the 4D entanglement entropy computed in the CFT side agrees with the AdS_5 result at least under a specific condition. Finally we estimate the entanglement entropy of massive theories in generic dimensions by making use of our proposal.
description: 55 pages, Latex, 6 figures, references added (v2), minor corrections, acknowledgement added (v3)
Near-horizon structure of escape zones of electrically charged particles around weakly magnetized rotating black hole: case of oblique magnetosphere
Creators: name: Karas, Vladimir
name: Kopacek, Ondrej
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the effects of large scale magnetic fields on the dynamics of charged particles near a rotating black hole. We consider a scenario in which the initially neutral particles on geodesic orbits in the equatorial plane become ionized, and hence they are destabilized by the charging process. Fraction of charged particles are then accelerated out of the equatorial plane and then follow jet like trajectories with relativistic velocities. We explore non axisymmetric systems in which the magnetic field is inclined with respect to the black hole spin. We study the system numerically in order to locate the zones of escaping trajectories and compute the terminal escape velocity. By breaking the axial symmetry we notice increasing fraction of unbound orbits which allow for acceleration to ultrarelativistic velocities.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures; to appear in Proceedings of IWARA2020 - 9th International Workshop on Astronomy and Relativistic Astrophysics (on-line, 6-12 of September 2020), https://indico.cern.ch/event/822124/contributions/3970054/
To see or not to see a Bow Shock: Identifying Bow Shocks with H-Alpha Allsky Surveys
Creators: name: Brown, Daniel
name: Bomans, Dominik J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: OB-stars have the highest luminosities and strongest stellar winds of all stars, which enables them to interact strongly with their surrounding ISM, thus creating bow shocks. These offer us an ideal opportunity to learn more about the ISM. They were first detected and analysed around runaway OB-stars using the IRAS allsky survey by van Buren et al. (1995). Using the geometry of such bow shocks information concerning the ISM density and its fluctuations can be gained from such infrared observations. As to help to improve the bow shock models, additional observations at other wavelengths, e.g. H-Alpha, are most welcome. However due to their low velocity these bow shocks have a size of ~1 degrees, and could only be observed as a whole with great difficulties. In the light of the new H-Alpha allsky surveys (SHASSA/VTSS) this is no problem any more. We developed different methods to detect bow shocks, e.g. the improved determination of their symmetry axis with radial distance profiles. Using two H-Alpha-allsky surveys (SHASSA/VTSS), we searched for bow shocks and compared the different methods. From our sample we conclude, that the correlation between the direction of both proper motion and the symmetry axis determined with radial distance profile is the most promising detection method. We found eight bow shocks around HD 17505, HD 24430, HD 48099, HD 57061, HD 92206, HD 135240, HD 149757, and HD 158186 from 37 candidates taken from van Buren et al. (1995). Additionally to the traditional determination of ISM parameters using the standoff distance of the bow shock, another approach was chosen, using the thickness of the bow-shock layer. Both methods lead to the same results, yielding densities (~1 cm^{-3}) and the maximal temperatures (~10^4 K), that fit well to the up-to-date picture of the Warm Ionised Medium.
description: 12 pages, 12 figures, Accepted, A&A 04/28/2005
Stellar Populations of Elliptical Galaxies in Virgo Cluster I. : The Data and Stellar Population Analysis
Creators: name: Yamada, Y.
name: Arimoto, N.
name: Vazdekis, A.
name: Peletier, R. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have determined spectroscopic ages of elliptical galaxies in the Virgo cluster using spectra of very high signal-to-noise ratio (S/N/A > 100). We observed 8 galaxies with the Subaru Telescope and have combined this sample with 6 galaxies previously observed with the WHT. To determine their ages we have used a new method based on the Hgamma_sigma age indicator, which is virtually independent of the effects of metallicity. Apart from ages we have estimated abundances of various elements. In this paper we present the observations, the data reduction and the reliability of the Hgamma_sigma method. The results of this investigation are presented in a companion paper (Yamada et al. 2006).
description: 33 pages, 9 figures, ApJ accepted
Predictors of Intention to Practice Exclusive Breastfeeding among Pregnant Working Women in Jakarta, Indonesia
Creators: name: Bratajaya, Cicilia Nony Ayuningsih
name: Monthana Hemchayat
name: Kamolrat Turner
Publisher: name: Chulalongkorn University Press
Year: 2015
Subjects: Exclusive breastfeeding,Pregnant working women,Indonesia

description: Suppl.1, 29, Journal of Health Research
Electromagnetic Nucleon-to-Delta Transition in Chiral Effective-Field Theory
Creators: name: Pascalutsa, Vladimir
name: Vanderhaeghen, Marc
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We perform a relativistic chiral effective-field theory calculation of the pion electroproduction off the nucleon ($e^- N \to e^- N π$) in the Delta(1232)-resonance region. After fixing the three low-energy constants, corresponding to the magnetic (M1), electric (E2), and Coulomb (C2) $γNΔ$ couplings, our calculation provides a prediction for the momentum-transfer and pion-mass dependence of the $γNΔ$ form factors. The prediction for the pion-mass dependence resolves the discrepancy between the recent lattice QCD results and the experimental value for the "C2/M1 ratio" at low $Q^2$.
description: 4 pages (RevTeX), 4 figures; a few claryifying phrases and a reference added, typos corrected
Factors Affecting Quality of Life among Family Caregivers of Patients with Schizophrenia in Indonesia
Creators: name: Winahyu, Karina Megasari
name: Monthana Hemchayat
name: Sukjai Charoensuk
Publisher: name: Chulalongkorn University Press
Year: 2015
Subjects: Quality of life,Family caregivers,Schizophrenia,Indonesia

description: Suppl.1, 29, Journal of Health Research
Superfluid properties of BPS monopoles
Creators: name: Lantsman, Leonid
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper is devoted to demonstrating manifest superfluid properties of the Minkowskian Higgs model with vacuum BPS monopole solutions at assuming the "continuous" $\sim S^2$ vacuum geometry in that model. It will be also argued that point hedgehog topological defects are present in the Minkowskian Higgs model with BPS monopoles. It turns out, and we show this, that the enumerated phenomena are compatible with the Faddeev-Popov "heuristic" quantization of the Minkowskian Higgs model with vacuum BPS monopoles, coming to fixing the Weyl (temporal) gauge $A_0=0$ for gauge fields $A$ in the Faddeev-Popov path integral.
description: 19pp; minor corrections
Machine Ethics and Automated Vehicles
Creators: name: Goodall, Noah J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: K.4.1

description: Road vehicle travel at a reasonable speed involves some risk, even when using computer-controlled driving with failure-free hardware and perfect sensing. A fully-automated vehicle must continuously decide how to allocate this risk without a human driver's oversight. These are ethical decisions, particularly in instances where an automated vehicle cannot avoid crashing. In this chapter, I introduce the concept of moral behavior for an automated vehicle, argue the need for research in this area through responses to anticipated critiques, and discuss relevant applications from machine ethics and moral modeling research.
description: 12 pages
A simple beam model for the shear failure of interfaces
Creators: name: Raischel, F.
name: Kun, F.
name: Herrmann, H. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a novel model for the shear failure of a glued interface between two solid blocks. We model the interface as an array of elastic beams which experience stretching and bending under shear load and break if the two deformation modes exceed randomly distributed breaking thresholds. The two breaking modes can be independent or combined in the form of a von Mises type breaking criterion. Assuming global load sharing following the beam breaking, we obtain analytically the macroscopic constitutive behavior of the system and describe the microscopic process of the progressive failure of the interface. We work out an efficient simulation technique which allows for the study of large systems. The limiting case of very localized interaction of surface elements is explored by computer simulations.
description: 11 pages, 13 figures
3D Topological Plasmons in Weyl Semimetals
Creators: name: Zhang, Furu
name: Gao, Yang
name: Zhang, Wei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We systematically investigate the properties of bulk, surface and edge plasmons in Weyl semimetals in presence of a magnetic field. It is found that unidirectional plasmons with different properties exist on different surfaces, which is in consistent with the nontrivial topology of the three-dimensional (3D) bulk plasmons. These novel plasmons possess momentum-location lock and may travel between surfaces. The anomalous Hall conductivity brings about abundant anisotropic plasmon dispersions, from linear to parabolic or even hyperbolic bands. With the help of a semiclassical picture for the formation of the Weyl orbits, we point out the Fermi-arc plasmons at opposite surfaces can make up another unique 3D topological plasmon. Furthermore, there is a gapless unidirectional edge plasmon protected by the topology whose direction and position can be controlled by external field. Our work thus uncovers topological features of Weyl plasmons, which may have important applications in photoelectric devices based on chiral/topological plasmonics.
description: 6 pages
1988 Usage Rates and Effectiveness of Safety Belts and Child Safety Seats in Kentucky
Creators: name: Agent, Kenneth R.
Publisher: name: Kentucky Transportation Center, University of Kentucky
Year: 1988
Subjects: subject: Transportation Engineering

description: The objective of the survey summarized in this report is to establish 1988 safety belt and child safety seat usage rates in Kentucky to compare to those determined from previous surveys. Also included in this report is an analysis of accident records evaluating the effectiveness of safety belts.  Statewide usage rates in the 19 cities previously surveyed in 1982 through 1986 showed that both driver safety belt usage and child safety seat and safety belt usage increased significantly in 1988 compared to previous years. The statewide usage rate of safety belts by drivers was 20.5 percent in 1988 compared to 13.0 in 1986, 9.2 percent in 1985, 6.9 percent in 1984, 5.8 percent in 1983, and 4.2 percent in 1982. The percentage of children (under four years of age) in either a safety seat or belt was 47.7 percent in 1988 compared to 30.2 percent in 1986, 29.1 percent in 1985, 30.3 percent in 1984, 24.2 percent in 1983, and 15,4 percent in 1982. Usage rates for front-seat passengers in 1988 were higher than those determined in 1986 and 1985 for each age category.  Benefits in the reduction of injuries for occupants involved in police-reported accidents wearing a safety belt or in a. safety seat were shown through the analysis of accident records. For example, a 40 percent reduction in fatal or incapacitating injuries was determined for drivers wearing a safety belt compared to those who were not restrained. The documented effectiveness of safety belts as a means of reducing injuries provides support for the recommendation of enactment of a mandatory safety belt law.
Mitigating risks of cumulative advantage in the transition to Open Science
Creators: name: Ross-Hellauer, Tony
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description: This talk will summarise work done within the EC Horizon2020 project ON-MERRIT (2019-2022, https://on-merrit.eu/) to investigate risks of cumulative advantage in the transition to Open Science. Open Science holds the promise to make scientific endeavours more inclusive, participatory, understandable, accessible, and re-usable for large audiences. However, making processes open will not per se drive wide re-use or participation unless also accompanied by the capacity (in terms of knowledge, skills, financial resources, technological readiness and motivation) to do so. These capacities vary considerably across regions, institutions and demographics. Those advantaged by such factors will remain potentially privileged, putting Open Science’s agenda of inclusivity at risk of propagating conditions of “cumulative advantage”. Since 2019, the EC Horizon2020 project ON-MERRIT has been investigating these issues using scientometric, sociological and other approaches to examine how these factor influence the ways in which Open Science is taken up (and by whom). As ON-MERRIT concludes, this talk will showcase diverse findings across areas including OA publishing, rewards and incentives and participatory methods. I then concludes by presenting recommendations to mitigate threats co-created with the Open Science community.
Evaluation of Extruded Thermoplastics as Lane Delineation
Creators: name: Agent, Kenneth R.
name: Pigman, Jerry G.
Publisher: name: Kentucky Transportation Center, University of Kentucky
Year: 1988
Subjects: subject: Transportation Engineering

description: This study involved an evaluation of large-scale installations of both hydrocarbon and alkyd extruded thermoplastics as lane delineation on sections of interstate highways having open-graded surfaces. The objective of the study was to evaluate the performance of thermoplastics as lane delineation and to compare the performance of hydrocarbon versus alkyd formulations.  Data were collected on a periodic basis over an 18-month period. Data collection consisted of daytime observations of the appearance and durability of the thermoplastic material along with reflectivity measurements using a portable retroreflectometer.  The evaluation revealed that both the hydrocarbon and alkyd extruded thermoplastic material maintained their appearance, durability, and reflectivity over the 18-month study period. It was found that the alkyd formulation maintained a higher level of reflectivity than the hydrocarbon formulations.  Based on performance, it was recommended that extruded thermoplastic continue to be used as a lane delineation material, and its use be expanded to other bituminous pavements on high volume roadways. Either formulation could be used, but it was recommended that the installations on the open-graded pavements continue to be monitored to determine if either formulation performs substantially better on a long-term basis.
Classification of solutions to the higher order Liouville's equation on R^{2m}
Creators: name: Martinazzi, Luca
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We classify the solutions to the equation (- Δ)^m u=(2m-1)!e^{2mu} on R^{2m} giving rise to a metric g=e^{2u}g_{R^{2m}} with finite total $Q$-curvature in terms of analytic and geometric properties. The analytic conditions involve the growth rate of u and the asymptotic behaviour of Δu(x) as |x|\to \infty. As a consequence we give a geometric characterization in terms of the scalar curvature of the metric e^{2u}g_{R^{2m}} at infinity, and we observe that the pull-back of this metric to $S^{2m}$ via the stereographic projection can be extended to a smooth Riemannian metric if and only if it is round.
Revised orbital parameters of the accreting millisecond pulsar SAX J1808.4-3658
Creators: name: Papitto, A.
name: Menna, M. T.
name: Burderi, L.
name: Di Salvo, T.
name: Antona, F. D'
name: Robba, N. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present temporal analysis of the three outbursts of the X-ray millisecond pulsar SAX J1808.4-3658 that occurred in 1998, 2000 and 2002. With a technique that uses the chi^2 obtained with an epoch folding search to discriminate between different possible orbital solutions, we find an unique solution valid over the whole five years period for which high temporal resolution data are available. We revise the estimate of the orbital period, P_orb =7249.1569(1) s and reduce the corresponding error by one order of magnitude with respect to that previously reported. Moreover we report the first constraint on the orbital period derivative, -6.6 x 10^-12 < Pdot < +0.8 x 10^-12 s/s. These values allow us to produce, via a folding technique, pulse profiles at any given time. Analysis of these profiles shows that the pulse shape is clearly asymmetric in 2002, occasionally showing a secondary peak at about 145 degrees from the main pulse, which is quite different from the almost sinusoidal shape reported at the beginning of the 1998 outburst.
Novel genetic effects of a human endogenous retrovirus insertion
Creators: name: Kowalski, Paul Edward
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Human endogenous retroviruses (HERVs) are repetitive, noninfectious chromosomal elements degenerated from exogenous retroviruses, and compose as much as 2% of the human genome. The HERV-H family numbers approximately 1000 elements dispersed throughout the human genome. HERV-H elements have been shown to affect the expression of adjacent cellular genes. For example, in teratocarcinoma cell lines, a HERV-H LTR promotes expression of, and splices into a downstream cellular transcript, PLA2L, which contains two phospholipase A₂ (PLA₂)-like domains. PLA2L was determined to be a tripartite fusion transcript, composed of HERV-H sequences, 8-10 exons of an unknown but conserved gene HHAG-1 (HERV-H associated gene 1), and a downstream gene encoding an inner ear structural protein, termed otoconin-90. As no chromosomal rearrangements were found in the teratocarcinoma cell lines expressing the PLA2L fusion, intergenic splicing influenced by the HERV-H promoter is hypothesized to be the cause of gene fusion. Cloning and characterization of both the human genomic locus and the murine otoconin-90 cDNA confirmed that PLA2L is a fusion transcript. The HERV-H insertion into an intron of the HHAG-1 gene was determined to have occurred 15-20 million years ago, with the HERV-H element in this locus being stable and present in all humans and higher primates. The region was localized to human chromosome 8q24.1-8q24.3. Although the tripartite transcript is abundant in teratocarcinoma cell lines, no evidence of protein synthesis was detected in teratocarcinoma cell lysates. Heterologous expression experiments have shown that the full-length HERV-Hcontaining cDNA is transcribed but not translated in COS cells. However, a 5' deletion construct which removes the HERV-H-encoded sequence is efficiently translated, while both constructs were transcribed at comparable levels. These effects are postulated to be caused by the HERV-H sequences acting as a translational inhibitory type of 5' UTR, containing elements known to repress protein synthesis. Both the translation-level effect of a HERV upon an adjacent gene and a HERV-H-associated intergenic fusion have not been previously reported, and suggest more complex types of effects which HERV elements can exert upon nearby human genes.
Are the Milky Way and Andromeda unusual? A comparison with Milky Way and Andromeda Analogs
Creators: name: Boardman, Nicholas Fraser
name: Zasowski, Gail
name: Newman, Jeffrey
name: Andrews, Brett
name: Fielder, Catherine
name: Bershady, Matthew
name: Brinkmann, Jonathan
name: Drory, Niv
name: Krishnarao, Dhanesh
name: Lane, Richard
name: Mackereth, Ted
name: Masters, Karen
name: Stringfellow, Guy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Our Milky Way provides a unique test case for galaxy evolution models, thanks to our privileged position within the Milky Way's disc. This position also complicates comparisons between the Milky Way and external galaxies, due to our inability to observe the Milky Way from an external point of view. Milky Way analog galaxies offer us a chance to bridge this divide by providing the external perspective that we otherwise lack. However, over-precise definitions of "analog" yield little-to-no galaxies, so it is vital to understand which selection criteria produce the most meaningful analog samples. To address this, we compare the properties of complementary samples of Milky Way analogs selected using different criteria. We find the Milky Way to be within 1$σ$ of its analogs in terms of star-formation rate and bulge-to-total ratio in most cases, but we find larger offsets between the Milky Way and its analogs in terms of disc scale length; this suggests that scale length must be included in analog selections in addition to other criteria if the most accurate analogs are to be selected. We also apply our methodology to the neighbouring Andromeda galaxy. We find analogs selected on the basis of strong morphological features to display much higher star-formation rates than Andromeda, and we also find analogs selected on Andromeda's star-formation rate to over-predict Andromeda's bulge extent. This suggests both structure and star-formation rate should be considered when selecting the most stringent Andromeda analogs.
description: 13 pages, 11 figures. Accepted by MNRAS
Rutgers-Eagleton Poll #197
Creators: name: Eagleton Institute Of Politics, Rutgers University
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2019

description: Opinion of public figures (6); President Barack Obama job performance (1); Senator Cory Booker job performance (1); Senator Robert Menendez job performance (1); Governor Christopher Christie job performance (9); Christie running for president (3); direction of state of New Jersey (1); most important problem (1); NJ economic conditions (2); climate change (9); most important environmental problem (1); school lunch (2); garden at child's school (2); child request new fruit or vegetable (1); frequency household eats daily recommended vegetables (1); number of home cooked meals during week (1); home cooking methods (1); higher taxes for healthier school lunch options (1); national Farm to School network for childhood nutrition and healthy eating habits (1); NJ Farm to School (1); support or oppose legalizing, taxing, and regulating marijuana (10); top priority for use of marijuana generated tax revenue (1); Christie traits (13); feelings about Christie (5); NJ corruption (3); political corruption (1); Senator Robert Menendez criminal corruption charges (3).
Identification of Shear Modulus Reduction and Damping Curve for Deep and Shallow Sites: Kik-Net Data
Creators: name: Bajaj, Ketan
name: Anbazhagan, P.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biophysics
Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
Medicine
Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Study aims at selecting the suitable shear modulus reduction and damping curve for broad classification of soil, i.e., rock, gravel, sand, and clay. For this purpose, surface and bedrock ground motion recordings from KiK-Net downhole array for both deep and shallow soil sites have been used. Total stress one-dimensional non-linear site-response analysis has been carried out by varying the available curves for a corresponding soil type. Input parameters for few curves have been determined using parametric study. Linear mixed-effect models on residuals from predicted and recorded surface spectra have been used in suggesting the suitable curve for corresponding soil.
Star Formation Rates in Cooling Flow Clusters: A UV Pilot Study with Archival XMM-Newton Optical Monitor Data
Creators: name: Hicks, Amalia K.
name: Mushotzky, Richard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have analyzed XMM-Newton Optical Monitor (OM) UV (180-400 nm) data for a sample of 33 galaxies, of which 30 are cluster members. Nine of these are central cluster galaxies (CCGs) in cooling flow clusters, having mass deposition rates which span a range of 8 to 525 solar masses per year. Using the ratio of UV to 2MASS J band flux, we find a significant UV excess in many, but not all, cooling flow CCGs. This UV excess is a direct indication of the presence of young massive stars, and therefore recent star formation, in these galaxies. Using the Starburst99 spectral energy distribution (SED) model of continuous star formation over a 900 Myr period, we derive star formation rates of 0.2 to 219 solar masses per year for the cooling flow sample. For 2/3 of this sample it is possible to equate Chandra/XMM cooling flow mass deposition rates with UV inferred star formation rates, for a combination of starburst lifetime and IMF slope. This is a pilot study of the well populated XMM UV cluster archive and a more extensive follow up study is currently underway.
description: 16 pages, 5 figures. A slightly shorter version has been accepted for publication in Astrophysical Journal Letters
Influence of Individual Wall Strengths on Lateral Strength of URM Buildings Constructed Using Low-Strength Masonry
Creators: name: Choudhury, Thainswemong
name: Kaushik, Hemant B
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: Space Science
Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Science Policy
Mental Health

description: Estimation of the lateral load-carrying capacity of unreinforced masonry (URM) buildings is essential for their design, vulnerability assessment, and rehabilitation. Lateral strength of URM buildings can be assessed using experimental studies or numerical simulation, but conducting such studies on full-scale building specimens is expensive and requires huge computational effort and input data, which is not easily available. Therefore, the availability of test results and data is scarce in many developing countries having a huge concentration of URM buildings. Moreover, the quality and strength of masonry found in these countries are inferior to those found in some developed countries where data are available. This results in under-developed design codes and thus improper design and construction of URM buildings in seismically active regions of many developing countries. Therefore, simple analytical methods are required to be developed for the estimation of lateral load-carrying capacity of URM buildings with the help of systematic experimental and numerical studies on full-scale specimens. The paper presents a comparative assessment of the lateral strength of a URM building using experimental, analytical and numerical approaches. Pseudo-static in-plane cyclic tests were carried out over three full-scale URM walls with different opening configurations followed by testing of a single story URM building having a single room, constituting the walls, which were already tested. The walls and a building were then numerically analyzed in Abaqus and Strand7 to estimate the lateral load-carrying capacity. The lateral strength of individual walls was also estimated analytically using several existing methods. Finally, the effectiveness of combining the lateral strength of individual walls to estimate the lateral strength of full URM building was assessed that can be handy to the practicing engineers.
Fano Effect through Parallel-coupled Double Coulomb Islands
Creators: name: Lu, Haizhou
name: Lü, Rong
name: Zhu, Bang-fen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: By means of the non-equilibrium Green function and equation of motion method, the electronic transport is theoretically studied through a parallel-coupled double quantum dots(DQD) in the presence of the on-dot Coulomb correlation, with an emphasis put on the quantum interference. It has been found that in the Coulomb blockage regime, the quantum interference between the bonding and antiboding DQD states or that between their Coulomb blockade counterparts may result in the Fano resonance in the conductance spectra, and the Fano peak doublet may be observed under certain non-equilibrium condition. The possibility of manipulating the Fano lineshape is predicted by tuning the dot-lead coupling and magnetic flux threading the ring connecting the dots and leads. Similar to the case without Coulomb interaction, the direction of the asymmetric tail of Fano lineshape can be flipped by the external field. Most importantly, by tuning the magnetic flux, the function of four relevant states can be interchanged, giving rise to the swap effect, which might play a key role as a qubit in the quantum computation.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures