cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Localization Operators On Discrete Modulation Spaces
Creators: name: Dasgupta, Aparajita
name: Poria, Anirudha
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary 47G30, Secondary 42B35, 47B10

description: In this paper, we study a class of pseudo-differential operators known as time-frequency localization operators on $\mathbb Z^n$, which depend on a symbol $ς$ and two windows functions $g_1$ and $g_2$. We define the short-time Fourier transform on $ \mathbb Z^n \times \mathbb T^n $ and modulation spaces on $\mathbb Z^n$, and present some basic properties. Then, we use modulation spaces on $\mathbb Z^n \times \mathbb T^n$ as appropriate classes for symbols, and study the boundedness and compactness of the localization operators on modulation spaces on $\mathbb Z^n$. Then, we show that these operators are in the Schatten--von Neumann class. Also, we obtain the relation between the Landau--Pollak--Slepian type operator and the localization operator on $\mathbb Z^n$. Finally, under suitable conditions on the symbols, we prove that the localization operators are paracommutators, paraproducts and Fourier multipliers.
description: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2104.15112
title: Optimization of Scan Interval in Abdominal CT Perfusion
Creators: name: Yoshikawa, Takeshi
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Haemodynamics / Flow dynamics
subject: Contrast agent-intravenous
subject: Computer Applications-3D
subject: CT-Quantitative
subject: Spleen
subject: Pancreas
subject: Liver

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: BACKGROUND CT Perfusion (CTP) is reportedly useful for evaluation of liver damage or severity of hepatic fibrosis associated with chronic liver disease, prediction of tumor response to therapies, and evaluation of hepatic perfusion changes after...
A Blueprint for Short-Term Petroleum Supply Crises Management
Creators: name: LaPointe, Thomas F.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1977

description: For most North Carolinians, and for that matter, most Americans, thoughts of the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries' (OPEC) oil embargo during the winter and spring of 1973 do not provide pleasant memories. It was a time of personal hardship, dramatically changing daily routines, considerable inconvenience, and a deepened national recession. However, the embargo's end saw most of the population return to normal routines, changed somewhat to accomodate higher petroleum prices, but unhampered by fuel shortages. A sluggish economy began the long slow road to recovery. But suspicion still lingers that the problem of future petroleum embargoes, and subsequent economic and daily chaos, remained unaddressed. Would the national and state governments be able to respond quickly and boldly should another sudden supply interruption occur in the near future? Are we better prepared for this contingency in the near future, and if we are, at what levels of preparedness are we? This paper is written to dispel some of the apprehension which now surrounds any discussion of petroleum embargoes. Its focus is short term supply crisis management caused by an embargo or natural catastrophe such as a break in the Alaskan pipeline. It describes the legislated national goals which will be operating during the next supply denial and briefly details the national programs which have been developed around them. It closes with a summary of actions which have been taken in North Carolina, and some comments on the basic orientation of the management framework and its implications to state and local policy making.
Additional file 1 of Learning effect of online versus onsite education in health and medical scholarship – protocol for a cluster randomized trial
Creators: name: Raffing, Rie
name: Konge, Lars
name: Tønnesen, Hanne
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Supplementary Material 1.
Smarr Formula for Lovelock Black Holes: a Lagrangian approach
Creators: name: Liberati, Stefano
name: Pacilio, Costantino
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We argue that the Smarr Formula for black holes can be expressed in terms of a Noether charge surface integral plus a suitable volume integral, for any gravitational theory. The integrals can be constructed as an application of Wald's formalism. We apply this formalism to compute the mass and the Smarr Formula for static Lovelock black holes. Finally, we propose a new prescription for Wald's entropy in the case of Lovelock black holes, which takes into account topological contributions to the entropy functional.
description: 7 pages; v2: Section IV modified, Appendix added
Quantum algorithms: an overview
Creators: name: Montanaro, Ashley
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum computers are designed to outperform standard computers by running quantum algorithms. Areas in which quantum algorithms can be applied include cryptography, search and optimisation, simulation of quantum systems, and solving large systems of linear equations. Here we briefly survey some known quantum algorithms, with an emphasis on a broad overview of their applications rather than their technical details. We include a discussion of recent developments and near-term applications of quantum algorithms.
description: 17 pages; short survey to appear in npj Quantum Information. v2: minor corrections and clarifications
title: Magnetic resonance imaging for diagnosis of vasculitis of internal carotid, vertebral and basilar arteries
Creators: name: Seliverstova, Evgenia
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Neuroradiology brain
subject: Vascular
subject: Head and neck
subject: MR
subject: MR-Angiography
subject: Imaging sequences
subject: Inflammation

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Refining of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) study protocol using 1.5-T scanner in patents with clinical suspicion of vasculitis of internal carotid and/or vertebral arteries, and/or basilar...
Sustainable Agriculture and the SARE Program
Creators: name: Agnew, Nancy C.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1995

description: General concepts of sustainability have been gaining currency in recent years as publications such as Our Common Future ( 1987) and events such as the 1992 Earth Summit in Rio de Janeiro push sustainable development issues into the forefront of critical discussion on growth, development, and finite resources. Agricultural practices are critical to any discussion of sustainability as current agricultural practices worldwide are considered environmentally unsound. Increasing public awareness of problems associated with conventional agricultural practices and a growing interest in concepts of sustainable development have converged to bring the subject of sustainable agriculture out of the periphery and into the center of discussion on the future of agriculture in the United States. Until recently, conventional agricultural production was never questioned. Rather, its increasing concentration into bigger units and the subsequent demise of many family farms and rural communities has been accepted as historical inevitability. Earl Butz, former U.S. Secretary of Agriculture, will long be remembered for his infamous edict, "Get big or get out," delivered during the heyday of farm expansion in the 1970s. At about the same time, environmentalists and advocates of family farms began to speak out about the inadequacies of conventional agriculture. Environmentalists were concerned about soil erosion, groundwater adulteration, and bio-genetic engineering. Family farm advocates were concerned with adequate incomes and the health of rural communities and businesses. Agricultural scientists were noting limits to production despite increasing chemical input. Consumers joined in, voicing concern about chemical residues on their food and deteriorating water quality. In response, the U.S. Congress renewed its mandate to support the family farm system of agriculture but added a new focus—to preserve family farms and to do so in a way that enhances environmental quality and the natural resource base. This shift is reflected in the U.S. Congress's 1985 call fora program of Sustainable Agriculture Research and Education (SARE). Sustainable agriculture had acquired government sanction. However, any effort to promote sustainable agriculture should not leave out the concept of sustainable communities. This paper discusses the SARE program, assesses its contribution to the promotion of sustainable agriculture, and evaluates the program's success in fostering sustainable communities.
title: Jahresbericht / Technische Universität Dortmund, Institut für Energiesysteme, Energieeffizienz und Energiewirtschaft 2017
title: Annual Report
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Dortmund,Institut für Energiesysteme, Energieeffizienz und Energiewirtschaft
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Jahresbericht
subject: Annual Report
subject: 624

description: Jahresbericht / Technische Universität Dortmund, Institut für Energiesysteme, Energieeffizienz und Energiewirtschaft;2017
Algorithmic Regularization in Model-free Overparametrized Asymmetric Matrix Factorization
Creators: name: Jiang, Liwei
name: Chen, Yudong
name: Ding, Lijun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We study the asymmetric matrix factorization problem under a natural nonconvex formulation with arbitrary overparametrization. The model-free setting is considered, with minimal assumption on the rank or singular values of the observed matrix, where the global optima provably overfit. We show that vanilla gradient descent with small random initialization sequentially recovers the principal components of the observed matrix. Consequently, when equipped with proper early stopping, gradient descent produces the best low-rank approximation of the observed matrix without explicit regularization. We provide a sharp characterization of the relationship between the approximation error, iteration complexity, initialization size and stepsize. Our complexity bound is almost dimension-free and depends logarithmically on the approximation error, with significantly more lenient requirements on the stepsize and initialization compared to prior work. Our theoretical results provide accurate prediction for the behavior gradient descent, showing good agreement with numerical experiments.
description: 30 pages, 7 figures
Mental Barriers to Learning and Creativity in Transportation Planning
Creators: name: Richmond, Jonathan
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1987

description: Planners and politicians tend to render the complex in black-and-white. Technological metaphors play an important role in this process of self-delusion which results in impoverished planning. Analysts rely too much on quantitative techniques because they provide an illusion of science and certainty. Politicians are too easily swayed by the vivid imagery of technological solutions, ignoring the difficult, abstract questions of social values and goals which should be addressed before any technology is chosen. These themes are explored with the aid of a case study of transportation planning in Southern California.
title: Nasal cavity virtual endoscopy options in planning endoscopic endonasal dacryocystorhinostomy techniques
Creators: name: Ageev, Artem
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Eyes
subject: Head and neck
subject: CT-High Resolution
subject: Computer Applications-3D
subject: Computer Applications-Virtual imaging
subject: Segmentation
subject: Dilatation
subject: Obstruction / Occlusion

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: The evolution of endoscopic treatment options of dacryocystitis makes it possible to use more often intranasal surgical access to lacrimal sac, which provides a number of advantages as compared to external access [1]. A thorough preoperative work-up...
Additional file 2 of Learning effect of online versus onsite education in health and medical scholarship – protocol for a cluster randomized trial
Creators: name: Raffing, Rie
name: Konge, Lars
name: Tønnesen, Hanne
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Supplementary Material 2.
Tachyon field theory description of (thermo)dynamics in dS space
Creators: name: Li, Huiquan
name: Lu, J. X.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, we present a few pieces of evidence in support of a possible connection of the gravitational theory in dS space to the worldvolume theory of unstable D-branes. We show that the action describing the geodesic motion of a massive particle (or point-like object) in static dS space turns out to be the same as that of the tachyon field theory for an unstable particle. The motion along the radial direction from the origin, a locally Minkowski spacetime, to the horizon, a locally Rindler space times a sphere, represents just the tachyon condensation process, therefore providing a geometric picture of tachyon condensation. We further study a scalar in global or flat dS and the tachyon fluctuations in a homogeneous tachyon background, representing either the full or half S-brane, on unstable D-branes and find that certain dynamics of the dS universe corresponds to that of the homogeneous full or half S-brane. The thermal temperature of tachyon radiation is found to agree with that felt by any timelike observer in dS space. In string theory context, this temperature is just the Hagedorn one, signaling a phase transition to closed strings. An understanding of this transition in the bulk dS space is also given.
description: 25 pages, minor corrections, two references added
title: Vacuum-assisted breast biopsy: diagnostics and treatment of intraductal lesions.
Creators: name: Mazo, Michail
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Neoplasia
subject: Galactography
subject: Biopsy
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Mammography
subject: Image manipulation / Reconstruction
subject: Interventional non-vascular
subject: Breast

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Breast diseases which show symptoms of pathological nipple secretion are encountered in 7-10% of the cases [1,2,3]. Papillomatosis is one of the most common reasons of the nipple discharge, and it comprises from 40 to 70% of cases [4, 5]. Malignant...
Complex Structures, T-duality and Worldsheet Instantons in Born Sigma Models
Creators: name: Kimura, Tetsuji
name: Sasaki, Shin
name: Shiozawa, Kenta
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate doubled (generalized) complex structures in $2D$-dimensional Born geometries where T-duality symmetry is manifestly realized. We show that Kähler, hyperkähler, bi-hermitian and bi-hypercomplex structures of spacetime are implemented in Born geometries as doubled structures. We find that the Born structures and the generalized Kähler (hyperkähler) structures appear as subalgebras of bi-quaternions and split-tetra-quaternions. We find parts of these structures are classified by Clifford algebras. We then study the T-duality nature of the worldsheet instantons in Born sigma models. We show that the instantons in Kähler geometries are related to those in bi-hermitian geometries in a non-trivial way.
description: 44 pages, minor corrections
title: Dynamic multi-detector CT in the assessment of patellar instability: how can I do it, what should I measure and why
Creators: name: Rapisarda, Santi
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Musculoskeletal joint
subject: CT
subject: Computer Applications-Detection, diagnosis
subject: Education and training

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: To illustrate the clinical indications for performing a dynamic multi-detector CT (MDCT) examination of the knee, its technical principles, post-processing of data, measurements achievable, possible diagnoses and their therapeutic...
Going Green to Be Seen Study 1 BYU-I Replication
Creators: name: Hardy, Kolby
name: Wiggins, Bradford
name: Pfleger, Isaac
name: Spendlove, Madison
name: Egli, Madison
name: Schnepf, Michael
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: BYU-I Spring 2016

description: This is a replication of study one from the original "Going Green to Be Seen" study by Vladas Griskevicius, Joshua M. Tybur, and Bram Van den Bergh.
First-principles study on interface magnetic structure in Nd${}_2$Fe${}_{14}$B/(Fe,Co) exchange spring magnets
Creators: name: Umetsu, Nobuyuki
name: Toga, Yuta
name: Sakuma, Akimassa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The magnetic properties of Nd${}_2$Fe${}_{14}$B (NFB)/transition metal (TM = Fe, Co) multilayer systems are studied on the basis of first-principles density functional calculations. We optimize the model structure under a variety of crystallographic alignments of the NFB layer, and analyze the mechanism of interface magnetic coupling. Improvements in remanent magnetization compared to that of single NFB are observed in NFB(001)/Fe, NFB(110)/Fe, and NFB(100)/Co. On the other hand, in NFB(100)/Fe, remanence degradation due to the anti-parallel magnetization alignment between NFB and Fe layers is observed. In this system, which has the shortest optimized interlayer distance among all considered systems, an itinerant electron magnetism is required around the interface to lower the total energy, and accordingly, anti-ferromagnetic coupling is preferred. The significant difference in property between NFB(100)/Fe and NFB(100)/Co is attributed to the difference between their interface structures, optimized interlayer distances, and magnetic stiffness of TM layers.
description: accepted in Phys. Rev. B
Additional file 4 of Learning effect of online versus onsite education in health and medical scholarship – protocol for a cluster randomized trial
Creators: name: Raffing, Rie
name: Konge, Lars
name: Tønnesen, Hanne
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Supplementary Material 4.
Quantum Volume in Practice: What Users Can Expect from NISQ Devices
Creators: name: Pelofske, Elijah
name: Bärtschi, Andreas
name: Eidenbenz, Stephan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Emerging Technologies (cs.ET)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Quantum volume (QV) has become the de-facto standard benchmark to quantify the capability of Noisy Intermediate-Scale Quantum (NISQ) devices. While QV values are often reported by NISQ providers for their systems, we perform our own series of QV calculations on 24 NISQ devices currently offered by IBM Q, IonQ, Rigetti, Oxford Quantum Circuits, and Quantinuum (formerly Honeywell). Our approach characterizes the performances that an advanced user of these NISQ devices can expect to achieve with a reasonable amount of optimization, but without white-box access to the device. In particular, we compile QV circuits to standard gate sets of the vendor using compiler optimization routines where available, and we perform experiments across different qubit subsets. We find that running QV tests requires very significant compilation cycles, QV values achieved in our tests typically lag behind officially reported results and also depend significantly on the classical compilation effort invested.
description: v5: typo fixes and improved typesetting
The Capital Area Greenway Program: Private Land Goes Public
Creators: name: Jackson, Arthur
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1982

description: Citizen initiative comes in many forms, ranging from legislative referendums to neighborhood sponsored "downzoning" requests. Once the hoopla that surrounds these campaigns dies, often the interest and support of the community fades. The initiative is then left in the hands of the public officials to interpret or fit into an already overburdened system. Not so with the Capitol Area Greenway, a part of the Parks and Recreation Program in Raleigh, North Carolina. The fact that this program continues to receive regular and substantive community input and support is a reflection of the people who have backed the idea since its inception and the unique character and heritage of the program.
Large Field Inflation and Gravitational Entropy
Creators: name: Kaloper, Nemanja
name: Kleban, Matthew
name: Lawrence, Albion
name: Sloth, Martin S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Large field inflation can be sensitive to perturbative and nonperturbative quantum corrections that spoil slow roll. A large number $N$ of light species in the theory, which occur in many string constructions, can amplify these problems. One might even worry that in a de Sitter background, light species will lead to a violation of the covariant entropy bound at large $N$. If so, requiring the validity of the covariant entropy bound could limit the number of light species and their couplings, which in turn could severely constrain axion-driven inflation. Here we show that there is no such problem when we correctly renormalize models with many light species, taking the {\it physical} Planck scale to be $M^2_{pl} \gtrsim N {\cal M}_{UV}^2$, where ${\cal M}_{UV}$ is the cutoff for the QFT coupled to semiclassical quantum gravity. The number of light species then cancels out of the gravitational entropy of de Sitter or near-de Sitter backgrounds at leading order. Working in detail with $N$ scalar fields in de Sitter space, renormalized to one loop order, we show that the gravitational entropy automatically obeys the covariant entropy bound. Furthermore, while the axion decay constant is a strong coupling scale for the axion dynamics, we show that it is {\it not} in general the cutoff of 4d semiclassical gravity. After renormalizing the two point function of the inflaton, we note that it is also controlled by scales much below the cutoff. We revisit $N$-flation and KKLT-type compactifications in this light, and show that they are perfectly consistent with the covariant entropy bound. Thus, while quantum gravity might yet spoil large field inflation, holographic considerations in the semiclassical theory do not obstruct it.
description: 25 pages including references and title page, 18 pages of text. v2: References added, corrected argument at end of Sec. 2.3, additional minor corrections. v3: additional references added
K. Transparency Report checklist
Creators: name: Moran, Tal
name: Hughes, Sean
name: Hussey, Ian
name: Vadillo, Miguel
name: Olson, Michael
name: Fritzlen, Katherine
name: Sarzyńska-Wawer, Justyna
name: Aust, Frederik
name: Bading, Karoline
name: Balas, Robert
name: Benedict, Taylor
name: Corneille, Olivier
name: Douglas, Samantha
name: Ferguson, Melissa
name: Gast, Anne
name: Gawronski, Bertram
name: Giménez-Fernández, Tamara
name: Hanusz, Krzysztof
name: Heycke, Tobias
name: Högden, Fabia
name: Hütter, Mandy
name: Kurdi, Benedek
name: Mierop, Adrien
name: Richter, Jasmin
name: Smith, Colin
name: Stahl, Christoph
name: Thomasius, Philine
name: Unkelbach, Christian
name: De Houwer, Jan
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022

description: Following Aczel et al. (2020, doi: 10.1038/s41562-019-0772-6), generated using the Shiny app (http://www.shinyapps.org/apps/TransparencyChecklist/)
title: Investigation of the accuracy and value of flat detector computed tomography in airway stenting procedure
Creators: name: Lu, Huibin
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Interventional non-vascular
subject: CT
subject: Cone beam CT
subject: Computer Applications-3D
subject: Complications
subject: Stents
subject: Grafts
subject: Image guided radiotherapy

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Airway stenting is an effective method to treat airway stenosis, either benign or malignant. Evaluations of the severity of the stenosis and morphology variations of airway due to stent placement are important to ensure the success of the...
title: Using a multiple breath-hold 2D-enhanced susceptibility-weighted angiography (ESWAN) technique at 3T MRI to improve detection of siderotic nodules in patients with cirrhotic liver disease
Creators: name: yuan , zhenguo
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Molecular imaging
subject: Abdomen
subject: Liver
subject: MR
subject: MR-Functional imaging
subject: Technology assessment
subject: Imaging sequences
subject: Molecular imaging
subject: Cirrhosis
subject: Quality assurance

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: To conduct a preliminary evaluation of the use of 2D ESWAN sequence for detection and quantification of siderotic nodules of patients with liver...
Planning to Protect Water and Natural Areas
Creators: name: Shingara, Erica
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2001

description: Worldwide, there is a growing recognition for the need to balance development with watershed protection and water basin management. Any sustainable effort must recognize the interdependence of land use, spatial development, natural areas and water resources. The Chesapeake Bay Program provides an example of comprehensive, integrated and innovative water basin management. Although not flawless, it can serve as a model for the development of other regional watershed protection and management programs in the United States and around the world.
Additional file 2 of Randomised controlled trial of a psychotherapeutic intervention to improve quality of life and other outcomes in people who repeatedly self-harm: FReSH START study protocol
Creators: name: Farley, K.
name: Copsey, B.
name: Wright-Hughes, A.
name: Farrin, A.
name: Bojke, C.
name: McMillan, D.
name: Graham, C.  D.
name: Mattock, R.
name: Brennan, C. A.
name: Gates, C.
name: Martin, A.
name: Dowse, A.
name: Horrocks, J.
name: House, A. O.
name: Guthrie, E. A.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: Mental Health

description: Additional file 2. PIT Fidelity Checklist.
Stochastic Estimation of Nuclear Level Density in the Nuclear Shell Model: An Application to Parity-Dependent Level Density in $^{58}$Ni
Creators: name: Shimizu, Noritaka
name: Utsuno, Yutaka
name: Futamura, Yasunori
name: Sakurai, Tetsuya
name: Mizusaki, Takahiro
name: Otsuka, Takaharu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce a novel method to obtain level densities in large-scale shell-model calculations. Our method is a stochastic estimation of eigenvalue count based on a shifted Krylov-subspace method, which enables us to obtain level densities of huge Hamiltonian matrices. This framework leads to a successful description of both low-lying spectroscopy and the experimentally observed equilibration of $J^π=2^+$ and $2^-$ states in $^{58}$Ni in a unified manner.
description: 13 pages, 4 figures
Experimental robustness of Fourier Ptychography phase retrieval algorithms
Creators: name: Yeh, Li-Hao
name: Dong, Jonathan
name: Zhong, Jingshan
name: Tian, Lei
name: Chen, Michael
name: Tang, Gongguo
name: Soltanolkotabi, Mahdi
name: Waller, Laura
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Fourier ptychography is a new computational microscopy technique that provides gigapixel-scale intensity and phase images with both wide field-of-view and high resolution. By capturing a stack of low-resolution images under different illumination angles, a nonlinear inverse algorithm can be used to computationally reconstruct the high-resolution complex field. Here, we compare and classify multiple proposed inverse algorithms in terms of experimental robustness. We find that the main sources of error are noise, aberrations and mis-calibration (i.e. model mis-match). Using simulations and experiments, we demonstrate that the choice of cost function plays a critical role, with amplitude-based cost functions performing better than intensity-based ones. The reason for this is that Fourier ptychography datasets consist of images from both brightfield and darkfield illumination, representing a large range of measured intensities. Both noise (e.g. Poisson noise) and model mis-match errors are shown to scale with intensity. Hence, algorithms that use an appropriate cost function will be more tolerant to both noise and model mis-match. Given these insights, we propose a global Newton's method algorithm which is robust and computationally efficient. Finally, we discuss the impact of procedures for algorithmic correction of aberrations and mis-calibration.
title: Impact of Comorbidities on MRI Findings in Patients with Vertebral Osteomyelitis
Creators: name: Mustapic, Matej
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Musculoskeletal system
subject: Musculoskeletal bone
subject: Musculoskeletal spine
subject: MR
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Observer performance
subject: Statistics
subject: Infection

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Vertebral osteomyelitis accounts for about 1% of bone infections [1, 2]. Pain is the most common symptom of early vertebral osteomyelitis [2]. Fever may not be present (frequency varies from 35-60%) [2, 3]. Neurological disorders, such as...
On the mean projection theorem for determinantal point processes
Creators: name: Kassel, Adrien
name: Lévy, Thierry
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60G55, 15A75

description: In this short note, we extend to the continuous case a mean projection theorem for discrete determinantal point processes associated with a finite range projection, thus strengthening a known result in random linear algebra due to Ermakov and Zolotukhin. We also give a new formula for the variance of the exterior power of the random projection.
description: 7 pages
title: T-SLIP MR Hepatic Arteriography at 3T
Creators: name: Yoshikawa, Takeshi
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Abdomen
subject: Anatomy
subject: Vascular
subject: MR-Angiography
subject: Imaging sequences
subject: Observer performance
subject: Technology assessment
subject: Haemodynamics / Flow dynamics
subject: Image verification

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: The assessment and classification of anatomy of hepatic artery (HA) is an essential step for both diagnosis and management of various diseases in the upper abdomen. Development of non- invasive imaging techniques for this purpose is an urgent...
Spatiotemporal chaos induces extreme events in an extended microcavity laser
Creators: name: Selmi, F
name: Coulibaly, S
name: Loghmari, Z
name: Sagnes, Isabelle
name: Beaudoin, Gregoire
name: Clerc, Marcel G.
name: Barbay, Sylvain
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Extreme events such as rogue wave in optics and fluids are often associated with the merging dynamics of coherent structures. We present experimental and numerical results on the physics of extreme events appearance in a spatially extended semiconductor microcavity laser with intracavity saturable absorber. This system can display deterministic irregular dynamics only thanks to spatial coupling through diffraction of light. We have identified parameter regions where extreme events are encountered and established the origin of this dynamics in the emergence of deterministic spatiotemporal chaos, through the correspondence between the proportion of extreme events and the dimension of the strange attractor.
Relation between miRNAs and adverse reactions caused by platinum-based chemotherapy in non-small cell lung cancer treatment: a scoping review protocol
Creators: name: Vasconcelos, Pedro
name: Visacri, Marília
name: Moriel, Patricia
name: de Carvalho Pincinato, Eder
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences
subject: Medicine and Health Sciences

description: It is already known that the platinum-based chemotherapy is one of the most common first line treatment for non-small cell lung cancer. Thus, it is very important to know which are the relations between miRNAs and adverse reactions of this treatment. A preliminary search in the PROSPERO, OSF registries, and PubMed databases was carried out in November 2020 and scoping or systematic reviews on this topic were not found. Thus, the purpose of this scoping review is to map the existing evidence on the relation between miRNAs and adverse reactions caused by platinum-based chemotherapy in non-small cell lung cancer treatment.
Final Thoughts
Creators: name: Nguyen, Mai
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: In fall of 1977, my family settled in Garden Grove, California after fleeing a war in our homeland of Vietnam. My parents and their eight kids crammed into a three-bedroom ranch home in a typical post-war California suburb. The wafting smell of fish sauce and boisterous voices of Vietnamese children were not a welcomed addition to this middle-class neighborhood. The tensions over U.S. involvement in Vietnam still inflicted raw angry emotions from neighbors. Our Asian faces were a reminder of enemy combatants and a war recently lost. We fell victim to harsh and overt discrimination – derogatory words were spray painted on our house, my siblings and I were taunted and beaten, and an attempted home invasion by white supremacists was deterred by rapid police response.
title: Abdominal CT Perfusion: Effects of Breath Control Technique
Creators: name: Yoshikawa, Takeshi
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Haemodynamics / Flow dynamics
subject: Technology assessment
subject: Contrast agent-intravenous
subject: Computer Applications-3D
subject: CT-Quantitative
subject: Spleen
subject: Pancreas
subject: Liver

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: BACKGROUND CT Perfusion (CTP) is reportedly useful for evaluation of liver damage or severity of hepatic fibrosis associated with chronic liver disease, prediction of tumor response to therapies, and evaluation of hepatic perfusion changes after...
Star formation efficiency along the radio jet in Centaurus A
Creators: name: Salomé, Quentin
name: Salomé, Philippe
name: Combes, Françoise
name: Hamer, Stephen
name: Heywood, Ian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Centaurus A is the most nearby powerful AGN, widely studied at all wavelengths. Molecular gas has been found in the halo at a distance of ~20 kpc from the galaxy centre, associated with HI shells. The molecular gas lies inside some IR and UV bright star-forming filaments that have recently been observed in the direction of the radio jets. These archival data show that there is dust and very weak star formation on scales of hundreds of parsecs. On top of analysing combined archival data, we have performed searches of HCN(1-0) and HCO+(1-0) emission with ATCA at the interaction of the northern filaments and the HI shell of Cen A. Measuring the dense gas is another indicator of star formation efficiency inside the filaments. However, we only derived upper limits of 1.6x10^3 K.km/s.pc^2 at 3 sigma in the synthesised beam of 3.1". We also compared the CO masses with the SFR estimates in order to measure a star formation efficiency. Using a standard conversion factor leads to long depletion times (7 Gyr). We then corrected the mass estimates from metallicity effect by using gas-to-dust mass ratio as a proxy. From MUSE data, we estimated the metallicity spread (0.4-0.8 Zsun) in the filament, corresponding to gas-to-dust ratios of ~200-400. The CO/H2 conversion ratio is corrected for low metallicity by a factor between 1.4 and 3.2. Such a low-metallicity correction leads to even more massive clouds with higher depletion times (16 Gyr). We finally present ALMA observations that detect 3 unresolved CO(2-1) clumps of size <37x21 pc and masses around 10^4 Msun. The velocity width of the CO emission line is ~10 km/s, leading to a rather high virial parameter. This is a hint of a turbulent gas probably powered by kinetic energy injection from the AGN jet/wind and leading to molecular gas reservoir not forming star efficiently.
description: New version taking into account private conversations about v1; accepted to A&A
Technology-Forcing Regulation: The Case of Automobile Emissions Technology
Creators: name: Hilkemeyer, Beth
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1994

description: Recently there have been many calls for a new relationship between business and the environment. People worldwide are concerned about environmental degradation and about the relationship between industrial development and the health of the environment. Environmental technology is considered a growing area in which the United States could develop a competitive advantage. As Vice President Al Gore asserts in his influential book, Earth in the Balance, leadership on the environment is "in our economic interest," and "we can prosper by leading the environmental revolution and producing for the world marketplace the new products and technologies that foster economic progress without environmental destruction." There is also a call for a change in the way that government interacts with business to promote environmental protection. Some state that government should "make markets work"2 through the use of economic incentives, and others believe that government should directly promote research and development. However, government promotion of technological innovation is nothing new. "Technology-forcing" policies were used over 20 years ago-in the 1970 Clean Air Act-to force innovation within the automobile industry. This article presents a brief case study of this effort: the development of emissions technology for mobile sources that is, automobiles and light trucks, under the 1970 Act. This effort was only one part of the Act, which also regulated stationary sources such as electric utilities. An important lesson from this case study is that policies to promote technological innovation often must reflect complex interactions between the technical problem itself, industrial structure, and the political process. In the 1990 Amendments to the Clean Air Act, several new types of policy instruments have been included in both the mobile and stationary source provisions [see sidebar, page 11]. This article does not discuss these provisions, although it will be interesting to see what the response of industry is to this latest attempt to force technology.
Additional file 5 of Learning effect of online versus onsite education in health and medical scholarship – protocol for a cluster randomized trial
Creators: name: Raffing, Rie
name: Konge, Lars
name: Tønnesen, Hanne
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Supplementary Material 5.
Colossal transverse magnetoresistance due to nematic superconducting phase fluctuations in a copper oxide
Creators: name: Wårdh, Jonatan
name: Granath, Mats
name: Wu, Jie
name: Bollinger, A. T.
name: He, Xi
name: Božović, Ivan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Electronic anisotropy (or `nematicity') has been detected in all main families of cuprate superconductors by a range of experimental techniques -- electronic Raman scattering, THz dichroism, thermal conductivity, torque magnetometry, second-harmonic generation -- and was directly visualized by scanning tunneling microscope (STM) spectroscopy. Using angle-resolved transverse resistance (ARTR) measurements, a very sensitive and background-free technique that can detect 0.5$\%$ anisotropy in transport, we have observed it also in La$_{2-x}$Sr$_{x}$CuO$_{4}$ (LSCO) for $0.02 \leq x \leq 0.25$. Arguably the key enigma in LSCO is the rotation of the nematic director with temperature; this has not been seen before in any material. Here, we address this puzzle by measuring the angle-resolved transverse magnetoresistance (ARTMR) in LSCO. We report a discovery of colossal transverse magnetoresistance (CTMR) -- an order-of-magnitude drop in the transverse resistivity in the magnetic field of $6\,$T, while none is seen in the longitudinal resistivity. We show that the apparent rotation of the nematic director is caused by superconducting phase fluctuations, which are much more anisotropic than the normal-electron fluid, and their respective directors are not parallel. This qualitative conclusion is robust and follows straight from the raw experimental data. We quantify this by modelling the measured (magneto-)conductivity by a sum of two conducting channels that correspond to distinct anisotropic Drude and Cooper-pair effective mass tensors. Strikingly, the anisotropy of Cooper-pair stiffness is significantly larger than that of the normal electrons, and it grows dramatically on the underdoped side, where the fluctuations become effectively quasi-one dimensional.
description: 27 pages, 10 figures and 4 tables
Polarimetry of the superluminous supernova LSQ14mo: no evidence for significant deviations from spherical symmetry
Creators: name: Leloudas, Giorgos
name: Patat, Ferdinando
name: Maund, Justyn R.
name: Hsiao, Eric
name: Malesani, Daniele
name: Schulze, Steve
name: Contreras, Carlos
name: Postigo, Antonio de Ugarte
name: Sollerman, Jesper
name: Stritzinger, Maximilian D.
name: Taddia, Francesco
name: Wheeler, J. Craig
name: Gorosabel, Javier
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the first polarimetric observations of a Type I superluminous supernova (SLSN). LSQ14mo was observed with VLT/FORS2 at five different epochs in the V band, with the observations starting before maximum light and spanning 26 days in the rest frame (z=0.256). During this period, we do not detect any statistically significant evolution (< 2$σ$) in the Stokes parameters. The average values we obtain, corrected for interstellar polarisation in the Galaxy, are Q = -0.01% ($\pm$ 0.15%) and U = - 0.50% ($\pm$ 0.14%). This low polarisation can be entirely due to interstellar polarisation in the SN host galaxy. We conclude that, at least during the period of observations and at the optical depths probed, the photosphere of LSQ14mo does not present significant asymmetries, unlike most lower-luminosity hydrogen-poor SNe Ib/c. Alternatively, it is possible that we may have observed LSQ14mo from a special viewing angle. Supporting spectroscopy and photometry confirm that LSQ14mo is a typical SLSN I. Further studies of the polarisation of Type I SLSNe are required to determine whether the low levels of polarisation are a characteristic of the entire class and to also study the implications for the proposed explosion models.
description: ApJ Letters, 4 Figures, 3 Tables. The previous version was accepted. This version contains minor modifications to match proofs (as much as possible)
Additional file 6 of Learning effect of online versus onsite education in health and medical scholarship – protocol for a cluster randomized trial
Creators: name: Raffing, Rie
name: Konge, Lars
name: Tønnesen, Hanne
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Supplementary Material 6.