cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The Multipole Vectors of WMAP, and their frames and invariants
Creators: name: Land, Kate
name: Magueijo, Joao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the Statistical Isotropy and Gaussianity of the CMB fluctuations, using a set of multipole vector functions capable of separating these two issues. In general a multipole is broken into a frame and $2\ell-3$ ordered invariants. The multipole frame is found to be suitably sensitive to galactic cuts. We then apply our method to real WMAP datasets; a coadded masked map, the Internal Linear Combinations map, and Wiener filtered and cleaned maps. Taken as a whole, multipoles in the range $\ell=2-10$ or $\ell=2-20$ show consistency with statistical isotropy, as proved by the Kolmogorov test applied to the frame's Euler angles. This result in {\it not} inconsistent with previous claims for a preferred direction in the sky for $\ell=2,...5$. The multipole invariants also show overall consistency with Gaussianity apart from a few anomalies of limited significance (98%), listed at the end of this paper.
description: 9 pages. Submitted to MNRAS
What a difference a quadrupole makes?
Creators: name: Malafarina, Daniele
name: Sagynbayeva, Sabina
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider some implications of the departure from spherical symmetry for static solutions of the vacuum Einstein's equations describing black hole mimickers. In particular, we investigate how the presence of mass quadrupole moment affects the collision energy of test particles. We show that collision processes in the vicinity of such exotic compact sources with non vanishing mass quadrupole moment may be significantly different from those in the vicinity of black holes.
description: 12 pages, 7 figures, published version
Suppression of flavor symmetry breaking in B decay sum rules
Creators: name: Gronau, Michael
name: Grossman, Yuval
name: Raz, Guy
name: Rosner, Jonathan L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: While flavor symmetries are useful for studying hadronic B decays, symmetry relations for amplitudes and decay rates are usually violated by first order symmetry breaking corrections. We point out two cases in which first order symmetry breaking is suppressed by a small ratio of amplitudes: (1) An isospin sum rule for four $B\to Kπ$ decays, where isospin breaking is shown to be negligible. (2) An SU(3) sum rule for pairs of $B\to Kπ$ and $B\to Kη_8$, generalized to pairs of $B\to Kπ, B\to Kη$ and $B\to Kη'$.
description: 11 pages, small corrections, one reference added, submitted to Physics Letters B
Lattice Chirality and its uses at large N
Creators: name: Narayanan, Rajamani
name: Neuberger, Herbert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A brief overview of the authors' work on lattice chirality and its application to the numerical study of planar QCD is presented.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures, typeset with ws-ijmpa.cls. Talk presented at the International Conference on QCD and Hadronic Physics, June 16-20, 2005, Beijing, China
Natica pipoca Simone 2014
Creators: name: Cavallari, Daniel C.
name: Dornellas, Ana Paula S.
name: Simone, Luiz Ricardo L.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Mollusca
Gastropoda
Littorinimorpha
Naticidae
Natica
Natica pipoca

description: pipoca, Natica Simone, 2014
 Natica pipoca Simone, 2014: 582–583 (fig. 9F–I).
Gastropoda, Naticidae
 Paratypes (2 spc): MZSP 105144.
 Locality: Brazil, Espírito Santo, off Itaúnas, 18°59' S, 37°50' W, 295 m depth (type locality), 27 May 1987.
 Collectors: P. Bouchet, J.H. Leal and B. Métivier.
 Preservation: Dry.
 Remarks: Former MNHN, Paris.
description: Published as part of Cavallari, Daniel C., Dornellas, Ana Paula S. & Simone, Luiz Ricardo L., 2016, Second annotated list of type specimens of molluscs deposited in the Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil, pp. 1-59 in European Journal of Taxonomy 213 on page 42, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2016.213, http://zenodo.org/record/3840125
SPINOR: Visible and Infrared Spectro-Polarimetry at the National Solar Observatory
Creators: name: Socas-Navarro, H.
name: Elmore, D.
name: Pietarila, A.
name: Darnell, A.
name: Lites, B. W.
name: Tomczyk, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: SPINOR is a new spectro-polarimeter that will serve as a facility instrument for the Dunn Solar Telescope at the National Solar Observatory. This instrument is capable of achromatic polarimetry over a very broad range of wavelengths, from 430 up to 1600 nm, allowing for the simultaneous observation of several visible and infrared spectral regions with full Stokes polarimetry. Another key feature of the design is its flexibility to observe virtually any combination of spectral lines, limited only by practical considerations (e.g., the number of detectors available, space on the optical bench, etc).
description: To appear in Solar Physics. Note: Figures are low resolution versions due to file size limitations
Harish-Chandra Cuspidal Pairs
Creators: name: Taylor, Jay
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The irreducible characters of a finite reductive group are partitioned into Harish-Chandra series that are labelled by cuspidal pairs. In this note, we describe how one can algorithmically calculate those cuspidal pairs using results of Lusztig.
description: v3: post referee report, to appear in Indag Math. Developed the exposition, especially in 3.16, and added Prop. 2.14. v2: minor changes through. Consolidated the proof of Prop 2.9, added Lem 4.4 for clarity
Strict hierarchy between parallel, sequential, and indefinite-causal-order strategies for channel discrimination
Creators: name: Bavaresco, Jessica
name: Murao, Mio
name: Quintino, Marco Túlio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an instance of a task of minimum-error discrimination of two qubit-qubit quantum channels for which a sequential strategy outperforms any parallel strategy. We then establish two new classes of strategies for channel discrimination that involve indefinite causal order and show that there exists a strict hierarchy among the performance of all four strategies. Our proof technique employs a general method of computer-assisted proofs. We also provide a systematic method for finding pairs of channels that showcase this phenomenon, demonstrating that the hierarchy between the strategies is not exclusive to our main example.
description: 6 + 13 pages, 4 figures. Code available at https://github.com/mtcq/channel_discrimination
Generating Function for Particle-Number Probability Distribution in Directed Percolation
Creators: name: Anton, Lucian
name: Park, Hyunggyu
name: Park, Su-Chan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive a generic expression for the generating function (GF) of the particle-number probability distribution (PNPD) for a simple reaction diffusion model that belongs to the directed percolation universality class. Starting with a single particle on a lattice, we show that the GF of the PNPD can be written as an infinite series of cumulants taken at zero momentum. This series can be summed up into a complete form at the level of a mean-field approximation. Using the renormalization group techniques, we determine logarithmic corrections for the GF at the upper critical dimension. We also find the critical scaling form for the PNPD and check its universality numerically in one dimension. The critical scaling function is found to be universal up to two non-universal metric factors.
description: (v1,2) 8 pages, 5 figures; one-loop calculation corrected in response to criticism received from Hans-Karl Janssen, (v3) content as published
Aging effects in simple models for glassy relaxation
Creators: name: Diezemann, Gregor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Aging effects in the two-time correlation function and the response function after a quench from a high temperature to some low temperature are considered for a simple kinetic random energy model exhibiting stretched exponential relaxation. Because the system reaches thermal equilibrium for long times after the quench, all aging effect are of a transient nature. In particular, the violations of the fluctuation-dissipation theorem are considered and it is found that the relation between the response and the two-time correlation function depends on another function, the so-called asymmetry. This asymmetry vanishes in equilibrium but cannot be neglected in the aging regime. It is found that plots of the integrated response versus the correlation function are not applicable to quantify the violations of the fluctuation-dissipation theorem in this particular model. This fact has its origin in the absence of a scaling form of the correlation.
description: revised version
Thick fireballs and the steep decay in the early X-ray afterglow of gamma-ray bursts
Creators: name: Lazzati, Davide
name: Begelman, Mitchell C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the early afterglows of gamma-ray bursts produced by geometrically thick fireballs, following the development of the external shock as energy is continually supplied to the shocked material. We study the dependence of the early afterglow slope on the luminosity history of the central engine. The resulting light curves are modeled with power-law functions and the importance of a correct choice of the reference time t_0 is investigated. We find that deviations from a simple power-law are observed only if a large majority of the energy is released at late times. The light curve in this case can be described as a simple power-law if the reference time is set to be close to the end of the burst. We applied our analysis to the cases of GRB 050219a and GRB 050315. We show that the early steep decay of the afterglow cannot result from the interaction of the fireball with the ambient medium. We conclude that the early X-ray afterglow emission is associated with the prompt phase and we derive limits on the radius at which the prompt radiation is produced.
description: Minor revisions, accepted for publication in ApJ
Spectro-polarimetric observations and non-LTE Modeling of Ellerman bombs
Creators: name: Socas-Navarro, H.
name: Pillet, V. Martinez
name: Elmore, D.
name: Pietarila, A.
name: Lites, B. W.
name: Sainz, R. Manso
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Ellerman bombs are bright emission features observed in the wings of H$α$, usually in the vicinity of magnetic concentrations. Here we show that they can also be detected in the Ca II infrared triplet lines, which are easier to interpret and therefore allow for more detailed diagnostics. We present full Stokes observations of the 849.8 and 854.2 nm lines acquired with the new spectro-polarimeter SPINOR. The data shows no significant linear polarization at the level of 3x10$^{-4}$. The circular polarization profiles exhibit measureable signals with a very intricate pattern of peaks. A non-LTE analysis of the spectral profiles emerging from these features reveal the presence of strong downflows (~10 km/s) in a hot layer between the upper photosphere and the lower chromosphere.
description: Submitted to Solar Physics
Spherically symmetric black holes in metric gravity
Creators: name: Murk, Sebastian
name: Terno, Daniel R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The existence of black holes is one of the key predictions of general relativity (GR) and therefore a basic consistency test for modified theories of gravity. In the case of spherical symmetry in GR the existence of an apparent horizon and its regularity is consistent with only two distinct classes of physical black holes. Here we derive constraints that any self-consistent modified theory of gravity must satisfy to be compatible with their existence. We analyze their properties and illustrate characteristic features using the Starobinsky model. Both of the GR solutions can be regarded as zeroth-order terms in perturbative solutions of this model. We also show how to construct nonperturbative solutions without a well-defined GR limit.
description: 13 pages. Published version. Comments welcome!
QGOpt: Riemannian optimization for quantum technologies
Creators: name: Luchnikov, I. A.
name: Ryzhov, A.
name: Filippov, S. N.
name: Ouerdane, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Many theoretical problems in quantum technology can be formulated and addressed as constrained optimization problems. The most common quantum mechanical constraints such as, e.g., orthogonality of isometric and unitary matrices, CPTP property of quantum channels, and conditions on density matrices, can be seen as quotient or embedded Riemannian manifolds. This allows to use Riemannian optimization techniques for solving quantum-mechanical constrained optimization problems. In the present work, we introduce QGOpt, the library for constrained optimization in quantum technology. QGOpt relies on the underlying Riemannian structure of quantum-mechanical constraints and permits application of standard gradient based optimization methods while preserving quantum mechanical constraints. Moreover, QGOpt is written on top of TensorFlow, which enables automatic differentiation to calculate necessary gradients for optimization. We show two application examples: quantum gate decomposition and quantum tomography.
description: 28 pages, 7 figures, 4 tables, a note on relevant research is added
Fluctuations around classical solutions for gauge theories in Lagrangian and Hamiltonian approach
Creators: name: Miskovic, Olivera
name: Pons, Josep M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the dynamics of gauge theories and constrained systems in general under small perturbations around a classical solution (background) in both Lagrangian and Hamiltonian formalisms. We prove that a fluctuations theory, described by a quadratic Lagrangian, has the same constraint structure and number of physical degrees of freedom as the original non-perturbed theory, assuming the non-degenerate solution has been chosen. We show that the number of Noether gauge symmetries is the same in both theories, but that the gauge algebra in the fluctuations theory becomes Abelianized. We also show that the fluctuations theory inherits all functionally independent rigid symmetries from the original theory, and that these symmetries are generated by linear or quadratic generators according to whether the original symmetry is preserved by the background, or is broken by it. We illustrate these results with the examples.
description: 27 pages; non-essential but clarifying changes in Introduction, Sec. 3 and Conclusions; the version to appear in J.Phys.A
ESTIMATING TRANSACTION COSTS OF ALTERNATIVE POLICIES TO REDUCE PHOSPHOROUS POLLUTION IN THE MINNESOTA RIVER
Creators: name: McCann, Laura M.J.
name: Easter, K. William
name: McCann, Laura M.J.
name: Easter, K. William
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1998
Subjects: Environmental Economics and Policy

description: As point sources of pollution reduce their emissions due to water quality control efforts, nonpoint sources have become relatively more important. In the case of agricultural nonpoint source pollution, the policy instruments recommended by economists are not observed in practice. This study was designed to measure the magnitude of transaction costs associated with policies to reduce agricultural nonpoint source pollution and to determine whether transaction costs help explain the prevalence of the policies actually observed. Interviews with staff from governmental agencies were conducted to estimate transaction costs associated with four policies to reduce agricultural phosphorous pollution in the Minnesota River. The tax on phosphate fertilizers had the lowest transaction costs (U.S. $0.94 million), followed by educational programs on best management practices ($3.11 million), the requirement for conservation tillage on all cropped land ($7.85 million), and expansion of a permanent conservation easement program ($9.37 million). Taxes thus may have advantages with respect to transaction costs as well as abatement costs.
Metrics that realize all Lorentzian holonomy algebras
Creators: name: Galaev, Anton S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53C29, 53C50, 53B30

description: All candidates to the weakly-irreducible not irreducible holonomy algebras of Lorentzian manifolds are known. In the present paper metrics that realize all these candidates as holonomy algebras are given. This completes the classification of the Lorentzian holonomy algebras. Also new examples of metrics with the holonomy algebras $g_2\zr\Real^7\subset\so(1,8)$ and $\spin(7)\zr\Real^8\subset\so(1,9)$ are constructed.
SOME STRUCTURAL CHANGES IN THE UNITED STATES AND JAPANESE ECONOMIES
Creators: name: Binswanger, Hans P.
name: Yamaguchi, Mitoshi
name: Binswanger, Hans P.
name: Yamaguchi, Mitoshi
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1974
Subjects: International Development

description: This paper is an attempt to quantify some interaction effects among capital accumulation, population growth and sectoral technical change in economic development. We tried to find a balance in the difficult trade-off just mentioned. We built a simple dynamic general equilibrium model along neoclassical lines. It is an agricultural-nonagricultural two sector model of a closed economy. Due to its simplicity, causal chains are easily traced. But we do not pretend to capture a complete model of development and recognize that the parameters of the model may change over time, i.e., that there is structural change. Therefore no simulations are performed with the model. Instead, we tried to find parameter values for the model at various stages of the development of the Japanese and U.S. economies, and observe the model under widely different resource endowments between the economies and over time.
MATHEMATICAL PROGRAMMING MODELS EMPLOYED IN THE ANALYSIS OF THE COMMON AGRICULTURE POLICY
Creators: name: Arfini, Filippo
name: Arfini, Filippo
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2001
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
Research Methods/ Statistical Methods

description: The goal of this paper is to provide information about the progress, over the last 10 years, of mathematical programming for analysis of the behaviour of farm producers under the European Union Common Agricultural Policy. We show in detail the evolution of mathematical programming and how this methodology can be applied at different levels (regions or sectors) for the main CAP policies. The evolution of mathematical programming is shown by the emergence of a new group of supply and equilibrium models, "Positive Mathematical Programming" (PMP) and "Symmetric Positive Equilibrium Problems". (SPEP) SPEP was developed in order to solve problems posed by the lack of data and the need for methodologies to represent different farm typologies in different environments. This paper thus analyses the main contributions to current developments in mathematical programming, different models used in Europe and how the main CAP tools are included in these models
Simulating the boundary layer between a white dwarf and its accretion disc
Creators: name: Fisker, Jacob Lund
name: Balsara, Dinshaw S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe the results of numerical simulations of the dynamics of the boundary layer (BL) between the accretion disk and the surface of a non-magnetic white dwarf (WD) for different viscosities which corresponds to different stages for dwarf novae burst cycles. The simulations cover the inner part of the accretion disk, the BL, and the upper atmosphere of the star. The high viscosity case, which corresponds to a dwarf nova in outburst, shows a optically thick BL which after one Keplerian rotation period (t_K=19s) extends more than 30 degrees to either side of the disk plane. The BL is optically thick and thus occludes part of the star. The low viscosity case, which corresponds to a dwarf nova in quiescense, also shows a BL, but it is optically thin.
description: 8 pages, 2 figures, accepted for publication in Astrophys. J. Letters
Comparative Study of Morphological Parameters Between Female Swimmers from South-East and North-East of Algeria (12-13 years old)
Creators: name: Nasrouche, Sabri
name: El Hadj Hammiche, El Hachemi
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Swimming, Morphological parameters, Performance, North, South.

description: Performance variations throughout a swimmer's career result from the interaction between training and genetic and environmental factors. Our study aims to compare several morphological parameters (height, weight, body composition) between two groups of young swimmers from the Northeast and Southeast of Algeria. These two geographical regions may present significant differences in genetics, climate, and environment, which could influence the swimmers' morphological characteristics and performances. The goal is to analyze how these differences may impact their performance levels. Body measurements were taken using a bioelectrical impedance analyzer, and performances in the 50m and 400m freestyle were recorded in a sample of 26 competitive swimmers aged 12-13 years: 13 from the Northeast (Constantine/Sétif) and 13 from the Southeast (Biskra/Ouargla). The results show that swimmers from the Northeast have significantly greater height and weight, which advantages them in the 50m and 400m freestyle events compared to their Southeast counterparts. However, no variations were observed in muscle mass, fat mass, and body mass index
Liquidations: DeFi on a Knife-edge
Creators: name: Perez, Daniel
name: Werner, Sam M.
name: Xu, Jiahua
name: Livshits, Benjamin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Finance (q-fin.GN)
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: The trustless nature of permissionless blockchains renders overcollateralization a key safety component relied upon by decentralized finance (DeFi) protocols. Nonetheless, factors such as price volatility may undermine this mechanism. In order to protect protocols from suffering losses, undercollateralized positions can be liquidated. In this paper, we present the first in-depth empirical analysis of liquidations on protocols for loanable funds (PLFs). We examine Compound, one of the most widely used PLFs, for a period starting from its conception to September 2020. We analyze participants' behavior and risk-appetite in particular, to elucidate recent developments in the dynamics of the protocol. Furthermore, we assess how this has changed with a modification in Compound's incentive structure and show that variations of only 3% in an asset's dollar price can result in over 10m USD becoming liquidable. To further understand the implications of this, we investigate the efficiency of liquidators. We find that liquidators' efficiency has improved significantly over time, with currently over 70% of liquidable positions being immediately liquidated. Lastly, we provide a discussion on how a false sense of security fostered by a misconception of the stability of non-custodial stablecoins, increases the overall liquidation risk faced by Compound participants.
THE COMMON AGRICULTURAL POLICY IN MULTISECTORAL MODELS
Creators: name: De Muro, Pasquale
name: Salvatici, Luca
name: De Muro, Pasquale
name: Salvatici, Luca
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2001
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
Research Methods/ Statistical Methods

description: The paper reviews the multisectoral models used in the last 10 years to analyse the effects of the Common Agricultural Policy. It begins with a presentation of the theoretical structure of computable general equilibrium models, including both single-region and multi-region models. In this respect, the paper deals with the questions of disaggregation of commodities, households, regions and factors of production, as well as the issues of parameter specification and model closure. The paper then turns to the problems of modelling policies which are included in the present CAP. Firstly, there is the issue of the linkages between institutional and market prices. Secondly, there is the issue of decoupled or semi-decoupled direct payments. Thirdly, there are those related to monitoring the effects of the implementation of Uruguay Round Agreement commitments. Fourthly, there are the questions on the modelling of different policy instruments either related to the use of output, or input. The paper closes with an appraisal of the state of the art and recommends directions for future research, data needs and modelling efforts on the CAP.
Decoding Gender Justice in Land Conflicts Resolution in Rwanda
Creators: name: Uwayezu, Ernest
name: Mugisha, John
name: Uwayezu, Ernest
name: Mugisha, John
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: Women’s land rights
subject: conflict resolution
subject: mediation
subject: Rwanda

description: Rwanda has implemented a land tenure regularization program since 2008 that enabled the adjudication and registration of land rights for both men and women. However, Rwandan women are vulnerable to land conflicts because some men do not recognize or respect women’s rights in land. This study investigates the extent to which government institutions in Rwanda empower women in claiming and defending their land rights. Data sources include questionnaire survey, interviews, and the review of literature on land reform in Rwanda. Findings reveal that Rwandan women preferably lodge their land claims to local authorities or mediation committees because the process of land conflict resolution is fair, free of charge and faster. However, the most used land conflict resolution mechanisms cannot enforce its decisions when some men are against those decisions. There is a need to think of mechanisms to enforce those decisions.
How sensitive are high-pt electron spectra at RHIC to heavy quark energy loss?
Creators: name: Armesto, N.
name: Cacciari, M.
name: Dainese, A.
name: Salgado, C. A.
name: Wiedemann, U. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In nucleus-nucleus collisions, high-pt electron spectra depend on the medium modified fragmentation of their massive quark parents, thus giving novel access to the predicted mass hierarchy of parton energy loss. Here we calculate these spectra in a model, which supplements the perturbative QCD factorization formalism with parton energy loss. In general, we find - within large errors - rough agreement between theory and data on the single inclusive electron spectrum in pp, its nuclear modification factor, and its azimuthal anisotropy. However, the nuclear modification factor depends on the relative contribution of charm and bottom production, which we find to be affected by large perturbative uncertainties. In order for electron measurements to provide a significantly more stringent test of the expected mass hierarchy, one must then disentangle the b- and c-decay contributions, for instance by reconstructing the displaced decay vertices.
description: 9 pages RevTex, 4 eps-figures, asci-file containing numerical tables of results included
ASSESSING THE EFFECTS OF THE REFORM OF THE EU RICE COMMON MARKET ORGANISATION
Creators: name: Conforti, Piero
name: Conforti, Piero
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: Industrial Organization

description: The paper is aimed at assessing the effects of the reform of the Common Market Organisation for rice proposed by the EU Commission in 2000. AGLINK, the OECD partial model, is employed to simulate the effects for the EU as a whole, both in terms of deviations from the standard baseline, and from a modified baseline that includes indica and japonica rice as two different products. Results in terms of change in market prices are introduced as exogenous price shocks in a Positive Mathematical Programming Model, run for Italian rice-producing provinces on the basis of the Farm Accounting Data Network data, in order to assess the effects on local supply. Results indicate a fall in EU rice prices ranging from 15% to 25% as a consequence of the proposed reform, under the assumption that this implies a reduction in the level of border protection. A similar percentage change would occur in Italian production as a whole, though supply reductions would be lower in more specialised rice-growing areas.
Observables in Topological Yang-Mills Theories With Extended Shift Supersymmetry
Creators: name: Constantinidis, Clisthenis P.
name: Piguet, Olivier
name: Spalenza, Wesley
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a complete classification, at the classical level, of the observables of topological Yang-Mills theories with an extended shift supersymmetry of N generators, in any space-time dimension. The observables are defined as the Yang-Mills BRST cohomology classes of shift supersymmetry invariants. These cohomology classes turn out to be solutions of an N-extension of Witten's equivariant cohomology. This work generalizes results known in the case of shift supersymmetry with a single generator.
description: 27 pages, Latex
How and why does the attitude-behavior gap differ between product categories of sustainable food? Analysis of organic food purchases based on household panel data
Creators: name: Schäufele, Isabel
name: Janssen, Meike
Publisher: name: Universität Kassel
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: organic food
subject: consumer behavior
subject: attitude-behavior gap
subject: panel data
subject: food-related values
subject: structural equation model
subject: product categories
subject: sustainable food
subject: 630
subject: Biologisches Lebensmittel
subject: Nachhaltigkeit
subject: Verbraucherverhalten
subject: Kaufverhalten
subject: Verbraucherpanel

description: Gefördert durch den Publikationsfonds der Universität Kassel
Manningiella polita Brandt 1970
Creators: name: Cavallari, Daniel C.
name: Dornellas, Ana Paula S.
name: Simone, Luiz Ricardo L.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Mollusca
Gastropoda
Littorinimorpha
Hydrobiidae
Manningiella
Manningiella polita

description: polita, Manningiella Brandt, 1970
 Manningiella polita Brandt, 1970: 195–196 (pl. 13, fig. 13 + text fig. 13).
Gastropoda, Pomatiopsidae
 Probable paratype: MZSP 95475 (Fig. 4 I–J).
 Locality: Thailand, Ubon Province, in the mouth of Mun River at Ban dan Kao, 24 Apr. 1969.
 Preservation: Dry.
 Remarks: Former Jens Hemmen Collection. Measurements and data on the specimen’s label correspond to the lot originally catalogued as SMRL 16361. The specimen listed above is a possible remainder of a 2000-specimen paratype lot from the above-mentioned locality. According to Brandt (1970), these specimens were left under the care of the SMRL.
description: Published as part of Cavallari, Daniel C., Dornellas, Ana Paula S. & Simone, Luiz Ricardo L., 2016, Second annotated list of type specimens of molluscs deposited in the Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil, pp. 1-59 in European Journal of Taxonomy 213 on page 42, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2016.213, http://zenodo.org/record/3840125
Deep Learning -- A first Meta-Survey of selected Reviews across Scientific Disciplines, their Commonalities, Challenges and Research Impact
Creators: name: Egger, Jan
name: Pepe, Antonio
name: Gsaxner, Christina
name: Jin, Yuan
name: Li, Jianning
name: Kern, Roman
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Digital Libraries (cs.DL)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Deep learning belongs to the field of artificial intelligence, where machines perform tasks that typically require some kind of human intelligence. Similar to the basic structure of a brain, a deep learning algorithm consists of an artificial neural network, which resembles the biological brain structure. Mimicking the learning process of humans with their senses, deep learning networks are fed with (sensory) data, like texts, images, videos or sounds. These networks outperform the state-of-the-art methods in different tasks and, because of this, the whole field saw an exponential growth during the last years. This growth resulted in way over 10,000 publications per year in the last years. For example, the search engine PubMed alone, which covers only a sub-set of all publications in the medical field, provides already over 11,000 results in Q3 2020 for the search term 'deep learning', and around 90% of these results are from the last three years. Consequently, a complete overview over the field of deep learning is already impossible to obtain and, in the near future, it will potentially become difficult to obtain an overview over a subfield. However, there are several review articles about deep learning, which are focused on specific scientific fields or applications, for example deep learning advances in computer vision or in specific tasks like object detection. With these surveys as a foundation, the aim of this contribution is to provide a first high-level, categorized meta-survey of selected reviews on deep learning across different scientific disciplines. The categories (computer vision, language processing, medical informatics and additional works) have been chosen according to the underlying data sources (image, language, medical, mixed). In addition, we review the common architectures, methods, pros, cons, evaluations, challenges and future directions for every sub-category.
description: 83 pages, 22 figures, 9 tables, 100 references
Röling, Bert V. A.: Einführung in die Wissenschaft von Krieg und Frieden
Creators: name: Schmidt, Hans P.
Publisher: name: Ökumenische Rundschau
Year: 2025

description: Ökumenische Rundschau, Bd. 19 Nr. 3 (1970): Ökumenische Rundschau, Band 19, Heft 3
The Land tenure in Northern Africa Challenges and opportunities
Creators: name: El-Ayachi, Moha
name: Bouramdane, Lahcen
name: G.Tine, Mouastapha
name: El-Ayachi, Moha
name: Bouramdane, Lahcen
name: G.Tine, Mouastapha
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: land tenure
subject: formal rights
subject: Northern Africa
subject: ownerships
subject: land governance
subject: benchmarks
subject: ustainable development
subject: inclusion
subject: equity

description: In Northern Africa region, land administration and land management systems are characterized by the existence of various institutions and a diversity of land tenures. In order to meet the requirements of the new era, a series of emerging policies has been developed and implemented according to the national needs and to the international regulations. In terms of historical events, we distinguish in the Northern Africa three different groups’ state members: (1) Sudan and Egypt, and (2) Tunisia and Morocco, (3) Algeria and Mauritania. This paper has the aim to outline the diversity of land tenure in northern Africa and to analyze the economic viability of the land governing systems and the key factors that lead to achieving social equity and economical outcomes for the region.
A dearth of planetary transits in the direction of NGC 6940
Creators: name: Hood, Ben
name: Cameron, Andrew Collier
name: Kane, Stephen R.
name: Bramich, D. M.
name: Horne, Keith
name: Street, Rachel A.
name: Bond, I. A.
name: Penny, A. J.
name: Tsapras, Y.
name: Quirrenbach, A.
name: Safizadeh, N.
name: Mitchell, D.
name: Cooke, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present results of our survey for planetary transits in the field of NGC 6940. We think nearly all of our observed stars are field stars. We have obtained high precision (3-10 millimags at the bright end) photometric observations of 50,000 stars spanning 18 nights in an attempt to identify low amplitude and short period transit events. We have used a matched filter analysis to identify 14 stars that show multiple events, and four stars that show single transits. Of these 18 candidates, we have identified two that should be further researched. However, none of the candidates are convincing hot Jupiters.
description: 11 pages, 30 figures, mn2e.cls style, accepted to Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 8 April 2005
Women, Awareness and Land Conflicts: Evidence from Makete Tanzania
Creators: name: Sanga, Samwel Alananga
name: Moyo, Kerbina Joseph
name: Sanga, Samwel Alananga
name: Moyo, Kerbina Joseph
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: Land conflict
subject: gender
subject: women rights
subject: awareness
subject: Tanzania

description: This paper examines the awareness and information access linkages that could be improved to enhance women access to appropriate conflict resolution mechanisms in rural Tanzania. The awareness and access to information indices were constructed and combined with women satisfaction levels based on survey data from 112 women in Makete district. The results suggest that public awareness programmes have the potentials to increasing knowledge on conflict resolution options available to women and enhances the chances that they would report land cases to relevant authorities. Furthermore, the mismatch between land right information delivery through public meetings and village leaders and the need to reduce land conflict in rural areas have caused women to report cases to irrelevant authorities. There is therefore a need for Government, NGOs and international donor community to empower local land tribunals in terms of their capacity to deliver public awareness education among rural communities.
Indirect Detection of Dirac Right-Handed Neutrino Dark Matter
Creators: name: Hooper, Dan
name: Servant, Geraldine
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the signatures and prospects for the indirect detection of a Dirac right-handed neutrino dark matter candidate in neutrino telescopes, cosmic positron experiments and gamma-ray telescopes. An example of such a dark matter candidate can be found in extra-dimensional models. In some constructions, Kaluza--Klein states with the gauge quantum numbers of a right-handed neutrino can have sizable gauge interactions with Standard Model particles. For instance, in 5D warped Grand Unified Theories, it has been shown that a Kaluza--Klein right-handed neutrino may be stable and otherwise a phenomenologically viable dark matter candidate. We find that the prospects for the indirect detection of such a WIMP are encouraging, particularly for neutrino telescopes and cosmic positron experiments.
description: 22 pages, 9 figures
Examining the influences and outcomes of TNE market orientation in UK universities: the managers' perspectives
Creators: name: Benazzouz, Medhi
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: This thesis investigates ‘Transnational Education (TNE) market orientation’ and itssignificance in the higher education marketing of the United Kingdom. The aim is to developa model that conceptualises and interprets engagement in TNE market orientation, elucidatingthe factors contributing to the successful of a TNE business from a managerial perspective.This builds on the extant literature, where theories of export marketing have predominantlyconcentrated on conceptualising the export market orientation of goods. However, in terms ofservices, few studies examined the export market orientation concept with relation to TNE,despite its importance in guiding direct TNE marketing. Also, not much methodical researchhas explored the impacts of the components of higher education export market orientation fromthe perspective of managers, nor verified the correlation between the dimensions of TNEmarket orientation, its antecedents, and consequences.A mixed method research approach, of two main phases, was adopted. The first phase focusedon conducting key information focus groups and interviews with TNE marketing managers ofUK HE establishments. The analysis of key themes with the literature review contributed todevelop research hypotheses and shape the study model. The second phase involved testing themodel with a survey that includes a sample of 336 TNE marketing managers from 142 UK HEestablishments. Analysis of a Moment Structures (AMOS) structural equation modelling wasused to analyse responses of the survey. The structural model reflected a good fit to the data,and good convergent, discriminant and nomological validity, then stable reliability.The overall findings revealed that there is a strong link with the antecedents (TNE coordinationand developed country higher education image perception) and TNE market orientation, butunexpectedly, the university international ranking position does not impact TNE marketorientation. Further discovery showed strong link to the university international rankingposition and developed country higher education image perception. Also, TNE marketorientation had greater impact on higher education international reputation and TNE businessperformance. However, unexpectedly, the association between higher education internationalreputation and TNE business performance was not significant. The contribution of this study is to advance the understanding of TNE market orientation inUK HE establishments to improve exporting of higher education business and maintaindominance in this market, a topic where there is limited previous research.
Synchronization in cilia carpets: multiple metachronal waves are stable, but one wave dominates
Creators: name: Solovev, Anton
name: Friedrich, Benjamin M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Carpets of actively bending cilia represent arrays of biological oscillators that can exhibit self-organized metachronal synchronization in the form of traveling waves of cilia phase. This metachronal coordination supposedly enhances fluid transport by cilia carpets. Using a multi-scale model calibrated by an experimental cilia beat pattern, we predict multi-stability of wave modes. Yet, a single mode, corresponding to a dexioplectic wave, has predominant basin-of-attraction. Similar to a "dynamic" Mermin-Wagner theorem, relaxation times diverge with system size, which rules out global order in infinite systems. In finite systems, we characterize the synchronization transition as function of quenched frequency disorder, using generalized Kuramoto order parameters. Our framework termed Lagrangian Mechanics of Active Systems allows to predict the direction and stability of metachronal synchronization for given beat patterns.
description: 16 pages, 7 color figures
Generalized Gauge Theories with Nonunitary Parallel Transport: General Relativity with Cosmological Constant as an Example
Creators: name: Mack, Gerhard
name: Prustel, Thorsten
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In gauge theories parallel transporters (PTs) U(C) along paths C play an important role. Traditionally they are unitary or pseudoorthogonal maps between vector spaces. We propose to abandon unitarity of parallel transporters and with it the a priori assumption of metricity in general relativity. A *-operation on parallel transporters serves as a substitute for it, and this *-operation is proven to be unique on group theoretical grounds. The vierbein and the spin connection appear as distinguishable parts of a single de Sitter gauge field with field strength F. The action takes the form $\frac{3}{16πGΛ}\int tr(F \wedge F i γ_5)$ and both the Einstein field equations with arbitrarily small but nonvanishing cosmological constant $Λ$ and the condition of vanishing torsion are obtained from it. The equation of motion for classical massive bodies turns out to be de Sitter covariant.
description: 33 pages
THE COMMON AGRICULTURAL POLICY IN MAIN PARTIAL EQUILIBRIUM MODELS
Creators: name: Conforti, Piero
name: Conforti, Piero
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2001
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
Research Methods/ Statistical Methods

description: The paper reviews seven partial equilibrium global models used over the last 10 years to the analysis of the Common Agricultural Policy (ESIM, FAO-WFM, FAPRI-CARD, MISS, SPEL/EU, SWOPSIM and WATSIM). The discussion starts from the basic modelling assumptions, the data and parameters employed, by looking first at the common aspects of the models, and then at the unique characteristics of each model for simulating the effects of the CAP. Then the effectiveness of the modelling of five specific CAP tools is discussed; these are - direct price support, trade measures, supply management tools, partially "decoupled" payments, and voluntary schemes. It is argued that considerable improvements have taken place in the ability to capture the effects of changes in some of the main CAP tools, especially in relatively more recent efforts, and especially in terms of the explicit modelling of different measures. Further work is required on the quality of functional forms, the parameters and of the data employed in the models to complement the achievements already made in modelling agricultural and trade policy tools.
Cosmic muon flux at shallow depths underground
Creators: name: Bogdanova, L. N.
name: Gavrilov, M. G.
name: Kornoukhov, V. N.
name: Starostin, A. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the cosmic muon background for the installations located at shallow depths. We suggest a relatively simple formula for the sea-level muon spectrum, which allows calculate dependencies of the vertical muon intensity and integral muon flux density on overburden. Muon flux dependency on the zenith angle at overburden of 10 to 100 meters of standard rock shows that muon angular distribution practically does not change in this interval. We present muon angular distributions for three typical apparatus locations in measurements on the surface and at shallow depths. It is shown that for such installations the active shielding "umbrella" should overlap a zenith angle of θ~ 80^o to remove the cosmic muon background.
description: 9 pages, 6 figures, submitted to Phys.Atom.Nucl