cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Analisi del campo di moto generato da attuatori di flow control a getto sintetico mediante simulazione numerica.
Creators: name: Mongibello, Luigi
Publisher: name: Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II
Year: 2006

description: L'obiettivo principale della Tesi di Dottorato è stato quello di analizzare il campo di moto relativo ad attuatori di flow control a getto sintetico a mezzo di simulazioni numeriche.
Le metodologie sviluppate sono state di tipo numerico.
È stato, infatti, sviluppato un codice di calcolo fatto ad hoc per la simulazione numerica di campi di moto relativi sia a getti sintetici isolati sia all’interazione di un getto sintetico con un crossflow. Si tratta di un codice ai volumi finiti con griglia cartesiana e arrangiamento delle variabili su griglia di tipo co-locato, denominato SyntJet, che risolve il sistema di equazioni U-RANS 2D per flusso incompressibile nella formulazione integrale. Il modello di turbolenza utilizzato è il k-ε Jones & Launder.
La tesi è divisa essenzialmente in due parti. Nella prima parte vengono descritte in dettaglio le caratteristiche del codice. Nella seconda vengono analizzati i risultati ottenuti e viene effettuato un confronto con i risultati relativi ad alcuni tra i più importanti lavori sul getto sintetico presenti in letteratura.
I principali risultati ottenuti hanno riguardato la dinamica di un getto sintetico generato da un attuatore a membrana piezoelettrica montato su una lastra piana ed, inoltre, hanno riguardato l’interazione tra un getto sintetico ed un crossflow sempre su lastra piana. Tali risultati sono originali in quanto costituiscono una sorta di validazione numerica del modello di turbolenza utilizzato per la simulazione numerica del getto sintetico. Inoltre hanno permesso di mettere in evidenza il comportamento self-similar del getto sintetico isolato, analogo a quello del getto continuo piano turbolento, e l’effetto, relativo all’interazione del getto sintetico ed un crossflow, detto “virtual shaping”. Le ricadute in campo applicativo sono molteplici. Si è visto sperimentalmente che i getti sintetici permettono di ritardare il distacco dello strato limite su profili alari NACA 0015, con notevoli benefici in termini di portanza e resistenza aerodinamica. È stato dimostrato che i getti sintetici velocizzano il processo di mixing all’interno di getti convenzionali ed, inoltre, che essi possono essere utilizzati per ottenere il jet-vectoring di getti convenzionali.
Redshifted Absorption at He I 10830 as a Probe of the Accretion Geometry of T Tauri Stars
Creators: name: Fischer, William
name: Kwan, John
name: Edwards, Suzan
name: Hillenbrand, Lynne
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We probe the geometry of magnetospheric accretion in classical T Tauri stars by modeling red absorption at He I 10830 via scattering of the stellar and veiling continua. Under the assumptions that the accretion flow is an azimuthally symmetric dipole and helium is sufficiently optically thick that all incident 1-micron radiation is scattered, we illustrate the sensitivity of He I 10830 red absorption to both the size of the magnetosphere and the filling factor of the hot accretion shock. We compare model profiles to those observed in 21 CTTS with subcontinuum redshifted absorption at He I 10830 and find that about half of the stars have red absorptions and 1-micron veilings that are consistent with dipole flows of moderate width with accretion shock filling factors matching the size of the magnetospheric footpoints. However, the remaining 50% of the profiles, with a combination of broad, deep absorption and low 1-micron veiling, require very wide flows where magnetic footpoints are distributed over 10-20% of the stellar surface but accretion shock filling factors are < 1%. We model these profiles by invoking large magnetospheres dilutely filled with accreting gas, leaving the disk over a range of radii in many narrow "streamlets" that fill only a small fraction of the entire infall region. In some cases accreting streamlets need to originate in the disk between several stellar radii and at least the corotation radius. A few stars have such deep absorption at velocities greater than half the stellar escape velocity that flows near the star with less curvature than a dipole trajectory seem to be required.
description: 26 pages, emulateapj format, Accepted by ApJ, to appear 2008 November 10
D3.4 Report on standardisation activities
Creators: name: Marlou Bijlsma
name: Zijlstra, Thamar
name: Stahl, Bernd
name: Schroeder, Doris
Publisher: name: De Montfort University
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 109999 Technology not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Other engineering and technologies

description: This SHERPA Deliverable on standardization asks whether a standard for ethical handling of Artificial Intelligence (AI) is an option to avoid major ethical issues arising from the technology. To this end, the authors of this Deliverable facilitated the exchange of interest and ideas between AI and big data stakeholders and SHERPA. AI and big data stakeholders were informed about SHERPA and its focus on ethical handling of AI, and SHERPA partners were taught about standardization and contributed to ongoing standardization projects on AI and big data. This exchange of interests, knowledge and experiences provided insight into the feasibility of applying SHERPA’s results on ethics and human rights in AI to standardization processes. This SHERPA task revealed that many standardization activities on AI and big data were already ongoing. The SHERPA project developed knowledge in the form of case studies, scenarios and guidelines that were shared with these ongoing standardization activities. SHERPA partners provided expert input in the form of comments to ongoing standardization activities, in the field of AI and big data as well as related sectoral topics such as health care, sustainable development and energy grids. The task found limited interest in organising round tables for discussions or initiatig new standardization work in light of a number of ongoing standardization activities. Other opportunities to embed ethics considerations into AI standardization were pursued. Most notably, a chapter and an annex on ethics was added to the European standard for health and wellness apps.
D3.3 Report on regulatory options
Creators: name: Rodrigues, Rowena
name: Shaelou, Stephanie Laulhe
name: Lundgren, Björn
Publisher: name: De Montfort University
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 109999 Technology not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Other engineering and technologies

description: This report reviews various regulatory options that support the ethical and/or responsible development of smart information systems (AI and big data). Its insights will be useful to policymakers as a guide to making policy and regulatory decisions. It presents snapshots of policy and other stakeholder perspectives on the regulation of AI and big data and discusses how AI challenges regulation. It also looks at EU aspirations for better law-making and presents key considerations for regulating AI and big data. The study adopted a wide, inclusive understanding of ‘regulatory options’ to cover proposals for laws, bodies and other regulatory tools and mechanisms. Well-established legislation has been excluded.
D5.1 Dissemination, communication, exploitation and advocacy plan
Creators: name: Pannofino, Corinna
name: Rodrigues, Rowena
name: Marlou Bijlsma
name: Zijlstra, Thamar
name: Stahl, Bernd
name: Nitika Bhalla
name: Heaver, Martin De
name: Tilimbe Jiya
name: Keene, Paul
name: Peel, Lucy
name: Gregory, Anya
name: Klar, Renate
name: Nowak, Joanna
name: Tambornino, Lisa
Publisher: name: De Montfort University
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 100599 Communications Technologies not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: This deliverable elaborates the SHERPA dissemination, communication, exploitation and advocacy plans (DCEAP) that will help maximise the impact of the project and secure a legacy for it. The document covers:
1. Dissemination channels and tools (benchmarks and key performance indicators) and stakeholder analysis as developed in WP2 (Task 2.1) and dissemination measures
2. Communication with key stakeholder groups throughout the project
3. Exploitation activities
4. Advocacy strategy and activities
Agriculture in Tunisia: Organization, Production, and Trade
Creators: name: Holm, Henrietta M.
name: Santmyer, Carolee
name: Holm, Henrietta M.
name: Santmyer, Carolee
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1964
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
Crop Production/Industries
International Development
International Relations/Trade
Land Economics/Use
Livestock Production/Industries

description: Excerpts from the report Summary: Tunisia is making a serious attack on its agricultural problems. The foundations for an improved agricultural economy have been laid and remedial programs are being implemented. Redistribution of farmland takes high priority in the current 10-year program for agriculture. Agricultural extension activities, essential in land reform, are being emphasized. Particular attention is directed to introducing high-yield irrigation crops into areas previously unirrigated. An effort is being made to get maximum production from the central and southern sections of the country, which are relatively underdeveloped agriculturally but which make up more than 70 percent of the nation's area. Comprehensive livestock improvement programs are also planned. Grains usually account for about one-third of the total income from agriculture. Although Tunisia is a net importer of ordinary wheat varieties, sizable surpluses of durum wheat and barley occur frequently. In 1960-61, Tunisia ranked third in the Mediterranean basin in production of olive oil, which ordinarily accounts for a fifth of Tunisian farm income. Livestock contributes nearly as much as olive oil to the value of agricultural production. Citrus fruits, grapes (mainly for wine), dates, fresh vegetables, and esparto(alfa) grass are also important.
Light-Front Holography and Hadronization at the Amplitude Level
Creators: name: Brodsky, Stanley J.
name: de Teramond, Guy
name: Shrock, Robert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The correspondence between theories in anti-de Sitter space and conformal field theories in physical space-time leads to an analytic, semiclassical model for strongly-coupled QCD which has scale invariance at short distances and color confinement at large distances. Light-front holography is a remarkable feature of AdS/CFT: it allows hadronic amplitudes in the AdS fifth dimension to be mapped to frame-independent light-front wavefunctions of hadrons in physical space-time, thus providing a relativistic description of hadrons at the amplitude level. Some novel features of QCD are discussed, including the consequences of confinement for quark and gluon condensates and the behavior of the QCD coupling in the infrared. We suggest that the spatial support of QCD condensates is restricted to the interior of hadrons, since they arise due to the interactions of confined quarks and gluons. Chiral symmetry is thus broken in a limited domain of size of the inverse pion mass in analogy to the limited physical extent of superconductor phases. A new method for computing the hadronization of quark and gluon jets at the amplitude level, an event amplitude generator, is outlined.
description: Presented by SJB at the Sixth International Conference on Perspectives in Hadronic Physics, 12 - 16 May 2008, Miramare - Trieste, Italy
D3.3 Report on regulatory options
Creators: name: Rodrigues, Rowena
name: Shaelou, Stephanie Laulhe
Publisher: name: De Montfort University
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 109999 Technology not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Other engineering and technologies

description: This report reviews various regulatory options that support the ethical and/or responsible development of smart information systems (AI and big data). Its insights will be useful to policymakers as a guide to making policy and regulatory decisions. It presents snapshots of policy and other stakeholder perspectives on the regulation of AI and big data and discusses how AI challenges regulation. It also looks at EU aspirations for better law-making and presents key considerations for regulating AI and big data. The study adopted a wide, inclusive understanding of ‘regulatory options’ to cover proposals for laws, bodies and other regulatory tools and mechanisms. Well-established legislation has been excluded.
Superconductivity at 55 K in iron-based F-doped layered quaternary compound Sm[O1-xFx]FeAs
Creators: name: Ren, Zhi-An
name: Lu, Wei
name: Yang, Jie
name: Yi, Wei
name: Shen, Xiao-Li
name: Li, Zheng-Cai
name: Che, Guang-Can
name: Dong, Xiao-Li
name: Sun, Li-Ling
name: Zhou, Fang
name: Zhao, Zhong-Xian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Here we report the superconductivity in the iron-based oxyarsenide Sm[O1-xFx]FeAs, with the onset resistivity transition temperature at 55.0 K and Meissner transition at 54.6 K. This compound has the same crystal structure as LaOFeAs with shrunk crystal lattices, and becomes the superconductor with the highest critical temperature among all materials besides copper oxides.
Glass containers and fluid identities: Unguentaria and social practice in Roman Britain
Creators: name: Derrick, Thomas J.
Publisher: name: University of Leicester
Year: 2021
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: For the first time, this thesis presents a detailed study of Roman glass unguentaria from non-funerary contexts in Britain. The purpose of this thesis was to investigate Roman glass unguentaria systematically, to see what we might understand about their role in the construction of identities and the formation of social practices in Roman Britain. I used glass unguentaria as a proxy for the social practices implicit in their use, and it was possible to examine the emergence and extent of these behaviours in Britain. The dataset for this thesis is collated data from published Roman glass assemblages, mainly from the northeast and southeast of England.The main finding of this study is that the consumption of unguentaria in Roman Britain seems to be a time-limited phenomenon that was restricted mainly to c. 60–125/150 CE. Before this period, unguentaria were limited to the large urban centres of Colchester and St. Albans. Rather than see the decline of unguentaria as an indicator of ‘failed Romanisation’ in Britain, it seems more nuanced and tenable to consider that they ceased to be a prominent part of the material culture ‘package’ which expressed urban and military identities in the second and third centuries CE - which they were in the first century CE in the north-western provinces. Unguentaria were marginally more common at sites in the South than those in the North.I began an exploratory discussion of the various behaviours and elements of social practice in which unguentaria were likely involved, alongside a consideration of the sensory environments in which they were used. This research has highlighted the potential for unguentaria and Roman glass more broadly to address important research questions and points the way to future lines of research.
Local and overall buckling of thin-walled beams and columns using finite elements
Creators: name: Toneff, Janine Diana
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Steel members with open thin-walled cross sections are used extensively in civil engineering structures. In addition to overall instability, (Euler buckling, torsional buckling, lateral-torsional buckling, etc.), the thin plates making up the cross section may themselves be susceptible to local plate buckling. The possible interaction of these two modes of buckling and its effect on member stability and strength is therefore of interest in the analysis of such members. The purpose of this thesis is to develop a tool for this type of analysis by adapting a finite element for a thin-walled beam-column of arbitrary cross section to include 'local' degrees of freedom to allow for cross section distortion. The formulation will involve geometric nonlinearities due to large displacements and rotations, but material behaviour will be limited to the linear elastic case.
Brownian survival and Lifshitz tail in perturbed lattice disorder
Creators: name: Fukushima, Ryoki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 60K37; 60G17; 82D30; 82B44

description: We consider the annealed asymptotics for the survival probability of Brownian motion among randomly distributed traps. The configuration of the traps is given by independent displacements of the lattice points. We determine the long time asymptotics of the logarithm of the survival probability up to a multiplicative constant. As applications, we show the Lifshitz tail effect of the density of states of the associated random Schrödinger operator and derive a quantitative estimate for the strength of intermittency in the Parabolic Anderson problem.
description: 24 pages, Major revision made for publication in J. Funct. Anal
D3.5 Technical options and interventions report (Full report)
Creators: name: Marchal, Samuel
name: Kirichenko, Alexey
Publisher: name: De Montfort University
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 109999 Technology not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Other engineering and technologies

description: This report presents the second part of the study of model poisoning attacks on models from a popular class of anomaly detection algorithms, focusing on attack mitigation approaches.
Agriculture of Northern Africa
Creators: name: Warren, Cline J.
name: Santmyer, Carolee
name: Warren, Cline J.
name: Santmyer, Carolee
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1965
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries
Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
International Relations/Trade
Land Economics/Use
Livestock Production/Industries

description: Excerpts from the report Summary: Northern Africa, as used in this report, comprises basically the countries lying astride or north of a line from Rabat to Mogadiscio. More specifically, the following 11 countries are included: Algeria, Ethiopia (including Eritrea), French Somaliland, Ifni, Libya, Morocco, Somali Republic, Spanish Sahara, Sudan, Tunisia, and the United Arab Republic. Agriculture occupies such a dominant role in their economic activities that it is impracticable to disassociate it from any consideration of future development--political, social, or economic. Two-thirds of the people are classified as rural dwellers and depend upon agriculture for a livelihood; the majority of the urban dwellers are engaged in processing or trading agricultural products. Subsistence agriculture predominates and great opportunities exist for improved and more intensive farming methods. Cereal crops are most important. Fruit, mainly citrus, is important in Morocco, Algeria, and Tunisia. Cotton in the UAR and the Sudan and coffee in Ethiopia are the region's leading industrial crops. Northern Africa's livestock industry is considered far below its potential. Sheep are generally most numerous, although cattle are first in economic importance. Serious droughts often cause enormous animal losses. Within recent years, several attempts have been made to establish a market in Europe for meat products from Northern Africa.
Satellite Observations of Separator Line Geometry of Three-Dimensional Magnetic Reconnection
Creators: name: Xiao, C. J.
name: Wang, X. G.
name: Pu, Z. Y.
name: Ma, Z. W.
name: Zhao, H.
name: Zhou, G. P.
name: Wang, J. X.
name: Kivelson, M. G.
name: Fu, S. Y.
name: Liu, Z. X.
name: Zong, Q. G.
name: Dunlop, M. W.
name: Glassmeier, K-H.
name: Lucek, E.
name: Reme, H.
name: Dandouras, I.
name: Escoubet, C. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Detection of a separator line that connects magnetic nulls and the determination of the dynamics and plasma environment of such a structure can improve our understanding of the three-dimensional (3D) magnetic reconnection process. However, this type of field and particle configuration has not been directly observed in space plasmas. Here we report the identification of a pair of nulls, the null-null line that connects them, and associated fans and spines in the magnetotail of Earth using data from the four Cluster spacecraft. With di and de designating the ion and electron inertial lengths, respectively, the separation between the nulls is found to be ~0.7di and an associated oscillation is identified as a lower hybrid wave with wavelength ~ de. This in situ evidence of the full 3D reconnection geometry and associated dynamics provides an important step toward to establishing an observational framework of 3D reconnection.
description: 10 pages, 3 figures and 1 table
The nature and genesis of the Munali nickel sulfide deposit, Zambia
Creators: name: Blanks, Daryl E.
Publisher: name: University of Leicester
Year: 2021
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: The Munali Ni-(Cu-Co-PGE) deposit is located within the Zambezi Belt in southern Zambia, and appears to represent a conduit-hosted sulfide ‘breccia’ deposit, situated along the Munali Fault. However, Munali displays many atypical features including abundant carbonate that question the applicability of traditional models of magmatic sulfide genesis. This work highlights how carbon, either as a primary mantle-sourced component, or a crustally-derived contaminant, can play an important role in the transport, generation and style of magmatic sulfides.The Munali complex comprises a dynamic suite of mafic-ultramafic rocks emplaced at ~860 Ma, with sequential emplacement of magmas with increasing MgO and FeO contents that include gabbro and (Cr-poor apatite-bearing) clinopyroxenite, wehrlite and metasomatic ‘replacive’ dunite, emplaced during the initiation of Zambezi rifting. Thin S- and evaporite-rich limestone units adjacent to the Munali Fault provided favorable pathways for ascending mantle-derived magmas. Pervasive interaction and assimilation of S and CO2 were critical in promoting magnetite crystallisation and the formation of carbonate and sulfide melts.Mineralisation is characterised by an unusually Ni-Fe-dominant massive sulfide, comprised of pyrrhotite>>pentlandite ± chalcopyrite ± pyrite, associated with abundant magmatic-hydrothermal carbonate-apatite-magnetite. Sulfide represents one of the youngest intrusive phases, present as a series of elongate lenses (0.5-30 m thick) that infiltrated the Munali Complex as a density-driven slurry, causing localised brecciation of the host mafic-ultramafic rocks. Sulfide displays extremely variable Ni/Cu ratios (0.1-71.5), moderate to high Pd/IrN ratios (~150-3500) and negative Cu and Au anomalies, primarily as a consequence of fractional crystallisation of the sulfide liquid during mobilisation, resulting in the segregation and crystallisation of Ni-Fe sulfide and the continued migration of a residual Cu-rich sulfide liquid.The Munali Complex shows indications of significant post-emplacement metamorphism during the Pan African Orogeny, with deformation of host rocks and potential for late-stage remobilisation of Cu and Au. As such, Munali represents a complex igneous system resulting from a range of syn- and post-magmatic processes.
Transformation of waves around artificial islands
Creators: name: Talukdar, Kushal K.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: A numerical method based upon the finite element technique is described to determine the transformed wave field around artificial islands for regular unidirectional waves. The present work takes into account various aspects of wave transformation, including wave refraction, reflection, diffraction, shoaling and wave breaking, in a computer model which finally predicts the transformed wave heights and elevations at different locations. A modified version of the original two-dimensional mild slope equation, to include the energy dissipation from wave breaking has been used for this purpose along with criteria for the onset and cessation of wave breaking. Results are presented first for the cases where analytical solutions are available in order to check for accuracy and convergence of the present computer model. Since no previous results are available for the proper island geometries, the computer predictions are compared with measurements of the wave field around a model island in a laboratory' basin. In particular, the wave heights at specified points and the runup around the island are compared. The study indicates the need for including wave breaking in such an analysis and also suggests possible ways to calibrate certain features of the computer model for a better numerical prediction.
D5.1 Dissemination, communication, exploitation and advocacy plan
Creators: name: Pannofino, Corinna
name: Rodrigues, Rowena
name: Nitika Bhalla
name: Tilimbe Jiya
name: Keene, Paul
name: Peel, Lucy
name: Gregory, Anya
name: Klar, Renate
name: Marlou Bijlsma
name: Zijlstra, Thamar
Publisher: name: De Montfort University
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 100599 Communications Technologies not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: This deliverable elaborates the SHERPA dissemination, communication, exploitation and advocacy plans (DCEAP) that will help maximise the impact of the project and secure a legacy for it. The document covers:
1. Dissemination channels and tools (benchmarks and key performance indicators) and stakeholder analysis as developed in WP2 (Task 2.1) and dissemination measures
2. Communication with key stakeholder groups throughout the project
3. Exploitation activities
4. Advocacy strategy and activities
Kinetic corrections to B -> X_c l nu at one loop
Creators: name: Becher, Thomas
name: Boos, Heike
name: Lunghi, Enrico
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We evaluate the one-loop corrections to the Wilson coefficient of the kinetic operator in the operator product expansion of the differential B -> X_c l nu decay rate. With a moderate cut on the lepton energy, the one-loop terms change the kinetic operator contributions to spectral moments by about 20%. This amounts to a small correction for leptonic and hadronic moments, except for those which vanish at the lowest order, where the effect can be sizable. Together with a two-loop calculation of the leading-power rate and an evaluation of the one-loop corrections to the Wilson coefficient of the chromo-magnetic operator, our results will allow for a high-precision determination of |V_cb| and the b- and c-quark masses.
description: 18 pages, 2 figures
D3.2 Guidelines for the development and the use of SIS
Creators: name: Brey, Philip
name: Lundgren, Björn
name: Macnish, Kevin
name: Ryan, Mark
name: Andreou, Andreas
name: Brooks, Laurence
name: Tilimbe Jiya
name: Klar, Renate
name: Lanzareth, Dirk
name: Maas, Jonne
name: Oluoch, Isaac
name: Stahl, Bernd
Publisher: name: De Montfort University
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 109999 Technology not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Other engineering and technologies

description: This report contains two sets of ethical guidelines – one for the technological development and one for the use – of artificial intelligence and big data systems, a glossary, two annexes, and a list of references. It is a deliverable of the SHERPA project, an EU Horizon 2020 project on the ethical and human rights implications of AI and big data. The guidelines differ from other existing guidelines in that they are directly related to design and development practices. They are intended to be actionable guidelines for systems and software development and use respectively, rather than abstract principles that have no direct application in practice. We call such guidelines operational, meaning ready for use.
Identification of Very Red Counterparts of SiO Maser and OH/IR Objects in the GLIMPSE Survey
Creators: name: Deguchi, S.
name: Nakashima, J.
name: Kwok, S.
name: Koning, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using the 3.6/4.5/5.8/8.0 micron images with 1.2 arcsec pixel resolution from the Spitzer/GLIMPSE survey, we investigated 23 masing and 18 very red objects that were not identified in the 2MASS survey. Counterparts for all selected objects were found in the GLIMPSE images. Color indices in these IR bands suggest the presence of a high-extinction layer of more than a few tenths of a solar mass in front of the central star. Furthermore, radio observations in the SiO and H2O maser lines found characteristic maser-line spectra of the embedded objects, e.g., the SiO J=1-0 line intensity in the v=2 state stronger than that of the v=1 state, or very widespread H2O maser emission spectra. This indicates that these objects are actually enshrouded by very thick circumstellar matter, some of which cannot be ascribed to the AGB wind of the central star. Individually interesting objects are discussed, including two newly found water fountains and an SiO source with nebulosity.
description: High resolution figures available at ftp://ftp.nro.nao.ac.jp/nroreport/no653.pdf.gz. ApJ No. 655 no.1 issue in press
D3.4 Report on standardisation activities
Creators: name: Marlou Bijlsma
name: Zijlstra, Thamar
Publisher: name: De Montfort University
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 109999 Technology not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Other engineering and technologies

description: This SHERPA Deliverable on standardization asks whether a standard for ethical handling of Artificial Intelligence (AI) is an option to avoid major ethical issues arising from the technology. To this end, the authors of this Deliverable facilitated the exchange of interest and ideas between AI and big data stakeholders and SHERPA. AI and big data stakeholders were informed about SHERPA and its focus on ethical handling of AI, and SHERPA partners were taught about standardization and contributed to ongoing standardization projects on AI and big data. This exchange of interests, knowledge and experiences provided insight into the feasibility of applying SHERPA’s results on ethics and human rights in AI to standardization processes. This SHERPA task revealed that many standardization activities on AI and big data were already ongoing. The SHERPA project developed knowledge in the form of case studies, scenarios and guidelines that were shared with these ongoing standardization activities. SHERPA partners provided expert input in the form of comments to ongoing standardization activities, in the field of AI and big data as well as related sectoral topics such as health care, sustainable development and energy grids. The task found limited interest in organising round tables for discussions or initiatig new standardization work in light of a number of ongoing standardization activities. Other opportunities to embed ethics considerations into AI standardization were pursued. Most notably, a chapter and an annex on ethics was added to the European standard for health and wellness apps.
Lie symmetries and similarity solutions for a family of 1+1 fifth-order partial differential equations
Creators: name: Paliathanasis, Andronikos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We apply the theory of infinitesimal transformations for the study of a family of 1+1 fifth-order partial differential equations which have been proposed before for the description of multiple kink solutions. In this analysis we perform a complete classification of the Lie symmetries and of the one-dimensional optimal system. The results are applied for the derivation of similarity solutions and in particular we find travel-wave and scaling solutions. We show that the kink-solution of these equations can be recovered by the use of the Lie symmetries, while new solutions are also derived.
description: 17 pages, 1 figure, 9 tables; to appear in Quaestiones Mathematicae
D1.2 SIS scenarios
Creators: name: Wright, David
name: Rodrigues, Rowena
name: Tally Hatzakis
name: Pannofino, Corinna
name: Macnish, Kevin
name: Ryan, Mark
name: Stahl, Bernd
name: Antoniou, Josephina
Publisher: name: De Montfort University
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 109999 Technology not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Other engineering and technologies

description: This deliverable considers the ethical, legal (data protection), social and economic impacts of new and emerging technologies, powered by artificial intelligence (AI) and big data, which we call smart information systems (SIS). In this deliverable, we look forward to the year 2025 to consider how new and emerging technologies may raise various issues, regarding which policymakers and other stakeholders should consider what ethical guidelines, data protection policies and other measures we might need to address the issues now rather than five or six years from now when they may have fewer policy options. We have developed five scenarios, addressing five different technology clusters in five different areas – social care for senior citizens, information warfare, predictive policing, driverless cars and learning buddy robots. We engaged stakeholders in the development of these scenarios. Stakeholder engagement was an important purpose of the scenario construction process. In short, the scenarios are a way of exploring with stakeholders the issues raised by these advanced new technologies and developing recommendations for policymakers for dealing with those issues. This deliverable comprises this executive summary, an introduction, the five scenarios, and conclusions and recommendations.
Additional file 1 of Clinical application of machine learning models in patients with prostate cancer before prostatectomy
Creators: name: Guerra, Adalgisa
name: Orton, Matthew R.
name: Wang, Helen
name: Konidari, Marianna
name: Maes, Kris
name: Papanikolaou, Nickolas K.
name: Koh, Dow Mu
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: Medicine
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Information Systems not elsewhere classified
Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
Cancer

description: Supplementary Material 1: Table S1. Standardised institutional MR image sequence parameters for Prostate Protocol at 3T. Table S2. The inter-reader agreement for MRI semantic features. Table S3. The inter-observer variability for radiomics features
How occasional backstepping can speed up a processive motor protein
Creators: name: Bier, M.
name: Cao, F. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Subcellular Processes (q-bio.SC)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Fueled by the hydrolysis of ATP, the motor protein kinesin literally walks on two legs along the biopolymer microtubule. The number of accidental backsteps that kinesin takes appears to be much larger than what one would expect given the amount of free energy that ATP hydrolysis makes available. This is puzzling as more than a billion years of natural selection should have optimized the motor protein for its speed and efficiency. But more backstepping allows for the production of more entropy. Such entropy production will make free energy available. With this additional free energy, the catalytic cycle of the kinesin can be speeded up. We show how measured backstep percentages represent an optimum at which maximal net forward speed is achieved.
description: LaTeX, 5 pages, 3 figures
On generalized ModMax model of nonlinear electrodynamics
Creators: name: Kruglov, S. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A new generalized ModMax model of nonlinear electrodynamics with four parameters is proposed. The ModMax model and Born--Infeld-type electrodynamics are particular cases of the present model It is shown that a singularity of the electric field at the center of point-like charged particles is absent. We found corrections to Coulomb's law at $r\rightarrow\infty$ and obtain the total electrostatic and magnetic energies of point-like charges. Free electric and magnetic charges and their densities are obtained.
description: 13 pages, 4 figures, corrected Eq. (5), journal version, accepted in Phys.Lett.B
Energy spectrum of massive Dirac particles in gapped graphene with Morse potential
Creators: name: Zali, Z.
name: Amani, Alireza
name: Sadeghi, J.
name: Pourhassan, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we study the massive Dirac equation with the presence of the Morse potential in polar coordinate. The Dirac Hamiltonian is written as two second-order differential equations in terms of two spinor wavefunctions. Since the motion of electrons in graphene is propagated like relativistic fermionic quasi-particles, then one is considered only with pseudospin symmetry for aligned spin and unaligned spin by arbitrary $k$. Next, we use the confluent Heun's function for calculating the wavefunctions and the eigenvalues. Then, the corresponding energy spectrum obtains in terms of $N$ and $k$. Afterward, we plot the graphs of the energy spectrum and the wavefunctions in terms of $k$ and $r$, respectively. Moreover, we investigate the graphene band structure by a linear dispersion relation which creates an energy gap in the Dirac points called gapped graphene. Finally, we plot the graph of the valence and conduction bands in terms of wavevectors.
description: 15 pages, 5 figures
Libya's Agricultural Economy in Brief
Creators: name: Santmyer, Carolee
name: Santmyer, Carolee
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1966
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
Crop Production/Industries
International Relations/Trade
Land Economics/Use
Livestock Production/Industries

description: Excerpts from the report: Ninety-five percent of the country is classified as desert, with just over 2 percent (mainly a narrow coastal strip along the Mediterranean) presently regarded as agricultural land. Of this 2 percent, about 5.9 million acres are arable, 0.3 million are under permanent crops, and 2.8 million are in permanent meadows and pastures. An additional 2 percent of the country has some agricultural potential. Two-thirds of the nation's cultivated acreage is found in Tripolitania, where about 260,000 acres are under irrigation. Increased use of modern farming techniques would sizably improve Libya's agricultural picture, but, given present limitations on arable land, water supplies, and other agricultural resources, the country will have a continuing need to import substantial amounts of agricultural products in the foreseeable future. The leading agricultural products are grains, tomatoes, dates, potatoes, nuts, citrus fruits, grapes, olives (and olive oil), esparto grass, and animal products.
D1.4 Report on Ethical Tensions and Social Impacts
Creators: name: Ryan, Mark
name: Brey, Philip
name: Macnish, Kevin
name: Tally Hatzakis
name: King, Owen
name: Maas, Jonne
name: Haasjes, Ruben
name: Fernandez, Ana
name: Martorana, Sebastiano
name: Oluoch, Isaac
name: Eren, Selen
name: Puil, Roxanne Van Der
Publisher: name: De Montfort University
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 109999 Technology not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Other engineering and technologies

description: The Deliverable examines ethical tensions in the use of SIS in a pragmatic and comprehensive way, beginning with ethical issues related to the actual design of the technologies themselves. Whether or not there are inherent issues with their functioning, capacities, and programming (sections 2 and 5). The document then identifies the main ethical issues within the debate for the use of SIS in practice, outlining 24 of the key ethical concerns found within the literature (section 4). While the technologies themselves, and their use, raise important concerns that need to be addressed, it is important to not overlook specific domain applications and fields of practice, which is reviewed in section 6 of this report.
The Deliverable will also give a thorough analysis of the main ethical issues related to research & innovation aspects of SIS development (section 7). The report will subsequently finish with a detailed analysis of the main ethical issues and possible solutions within the report (section 8), in an attempt to identify, allocate, and group such a wide body of information into the most prevalent concerns for society today.
Temperature dependence of the optical phonon reflection band in GaP
Creators: name: Samarasingha, Nuwanjula S.
name: Zollner, Stefan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore the effect of temperatures between 80 and 720 K on the energy and linewidth of zone-center transverse (TO) and longitudinal (LO) optical phonons in bulk gallium phosphide (GaP) using Fourier transform infrared ellipsometry from 0.03 to 0.60 eV. We extract the optical phonon parameters of GaP by fitting the ellipsometric angles with the Lowndes-Gervais model, which applies two different broadening parameters to the TO and LO phonons. In GaP, the two-phonon density of states is larger for the decay of TO phonons than for LO phonons. Therefore, we observed a larger TO phonon broadening (compared to the LO phonon) and an asymmetric reststrahlen line shape. This would lead to a negative imaginary part of the dielectric function just above the LO phonon energy, but the addition of two-phonon absorption avoids this. We find a temperature dependent redshift and broadening of TO and LO phonons with increasing temperature due to thermal expansion and anharmonic phonon-phonon scattering, involving three and four phonon decay processes. We also investigate the temperature-dependence of the high-frequency dielectric constant. Its variation is explained by thermal expansion and the temperature dependence of the Penn gap.
Non-uniqueness of phase shift in central scattering due to monodromy
Creators: name: Dullin, Holger R.
name: Waalkens, Holger
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 70H; 81U

description: Scattering at a central potential is completely characterized by the phase shifts which are the differences in phase between outgoing scattered and unscattered partial waves. In this letter it is shown that, for 2D scattering at a repulsive central potential, the phase shift cannot be uniquely defined due to a topological obstruction which is similar to monodromy in bound systems.
description: to appear in PRL
Valutazione di siti web della Pubblica Amministrazione: una proposta di modello per i siti di e-procurement
Creators: name: Mastroianni, Michele
Publisher: name: Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II
Year: 2006

description: La tesi sviluppata è parte di una ricerca multidisciplinare che si pone l’obiettivo di individuare e testare un modello per il supporto alla valutazione dei sistemi di e-procurement della pubblica amministrazione. Sono stati individuati alcuni attributi ed indici che rappresentano i fondamentali elementi relativi agli aspetti tecnologici e comunicaivi del sistema di e-procurement. Tali attributi sono stati definiti attraverso una serie di indici di tipo quantitativo, selezionati in modo da poter essere tutti calcolati, almeno in linea di principio, facendo uso di strumenti automatici e/o semiautomatici direttamente dai siti. Il modello è stato utilizzato per la valutazione di alcuni sistemi di e-procurement italiani.
Generation of field mediated three qubit entangled state shared by Alice and Bob
Creators: name: Reis, Paulo Jose dos
name: Sharma, S. Shelly
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A scheme to generate shared tripartite entangled states, with two-trapped atoms in a cavity held by Alice (qubits A1 and A2) entangled to a single trapped atom in a remote lab owned by Bob (B), is proposed. The entanglement is generated through interaction of trapped atoms with two mode squeezed light shared by the two cavities. The proposed scheme is an extension of the proposal of ref. [W. Son, M. S. Kim, J. Lee, and D. Ahn, J. Mod. Opt. 49, 1739 (2002)], where the possibility of entangling two remote qubits using a bipartite continuous variable state was examined. While the global negativity detects the free entanglement of the three atom mixed state, the bound entanglement is detected by the negativity calculated from pure state decomposition of the state operator. The partial negativities calculated by selective partial transposition of the three atom mixed state detect the pairwise entanglement of qubit pairs A1B, A2B, and A1A2. The entanglement of three atoms is found to be W-like, no GHZ like quantum correlations being generated.
description: 14 pages, 06 figures, section IV revised, Other minor changes to improve readability
Fermi-surface calculation of the anomalous Hall conductivity
Creators: name: Wang, Xinjie
name: Vanderbilt, David
name: Yates, Jonathan R.
name: Souza, Ivo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: While the intrinsic anomalous Hall conductivity is normally written in terms of an integral of the electronic Berry curvature over the occupied portions of the Brillouin zone, Haldane has recently pointed out that this quantity (or more precisely, its ``non-quantized part'') may alternatively be expressed as a Fermi-surface property. Here we present an {\it ab-initio} approach for computing the anomalous Hall conductivity that takes advantage of this observation by converting the integral over the Fermi sea into a more efficient integral on the Fermi surface only. First, a conventional electronic-structure calculation is performed with spin-orbit interaction included. Maximally-localized Wannier functions are then constructed by a post-processing step in order to convert the {\it ab-initio} electronic structure around the Fermi level into a tight-binding-like form. Working in the Wannier representation, the Brillouin zone is sampled on a large number of equally spaced parallel slices oriented normal to the total magnetization. On each slice, we find the intersections of the Fermi-surface sheets with the slice by standard contour methods, organize these into a set of closed loops, and compute the Berry phases of the Bloch states as they are transported around these loops. The anomalous Hall conductivity is proportional to the sum of the Berry phases of all the loops on all the slices. Illustrative calculations are performed for Fe, Co and Ni.
description: 12 pages, 9 figures