cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Giant Angular Dependent Nernst Effect in the Q1D Organic conductor (TMTSF)$_2$PF$_6$
Creators: name: Wu, Weida
name: Ong, N. P.
name: Chaikin, P. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a detailed study of the Nernst effect N$_{zx}$ in (TMTSF)$_2$PF$_6$ as a function of temperature, magnetic field magnitude and direction and pressure. As previously reported there is a large resonant-like structure as the magnetic field is rotated through crystallographic directions, the Lebed Magic Angles. These Nernst effect resonances strongly suggest that the transport of the system is effectively ``coherent'' only in crystallographic planes along or close to the applied field direction. We also present analytical and numerical calculations of the conductivity and thermoelectric tensors for (TMTSF)$_2$PF$_6$, based on a Boltzmann transport model within the semi-classical approximation. The Boltzmann transport calculation fails to describe the experiment data. We suggest that the answer may lie in field induced decoupling of the strongly correlated chains.
description: 17 pages, 18 figures
On Minimal Pseudo-Codewords of Tanner Graphs from Projective Planes
Creators: name: Vontobel, Pascal O.
name: Smarandache, Roxana
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Discrete Mathematics (cs.DM)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We would like to better understand the fundamental cone of Tanner graphs derived from finite projective planes. Towards this goal, we discuss bounds on the AWGNC and BSC pseudo-weight of minimal pseudo-codewords of such Tanner graphs, on one hand, and study the structure of minimal pseudo-codewords, on the other.
description: This paper is a slightly reformulated version of the paper that appeared in the proceedings of the 43rd Allerton Conference on Communications, Control, and Computing, Allerton House, Monticello, Illinois, USA, Sept. 28-30, 2005
Wetlands and Agriculture: Private Interests and Public Benefits
Creators: name: Heimlich, Ralph E.
name: Wiebe, Keith D.
name: Claassen, Roger
name: Gadsby, Dwight M.
name: House, Robert M.
name: Heimlich, Ralph E.
name: Wiebe, Keith D.
name: Claassen, Roger
name: Gadsby, Dwight M.
name: House, Robert M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: wetlands
subject: "no net loss"
subject: Swampbuster
subject: conservation
subject: restoration

description: Society has recently increased the value it places on the services that wetlands provide, including water quality improvements, flood control, wildlife habitat, and recreation. However, owners of wetlands are often unable to profit from these services because the benefits created are freely enjoyed by many. This report examines differences between public and private incentives regarding wetlands. Federal wetland policy has shifted in recent decades--from encouraging wetland conversion to encouraging wetland protection and restoration--in an effort to balance public and private objectives. The report assesses the need for continued wetlands protection policies as the United States approaches achieving the goal of no net loss of wetlands.
Equatorial scattering and the structure of the broad-line region in Seyfert nuclei: evidence for a rotating disc
Creators: name: Smith, J. E.
name: Robinson, A.
name: Young, S.
name: Axon, D. J.
name: Corbett, Elizabeth A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present detailed scattering models confirming that distinctive variations in polarization across the broad Halpha line, which are observed in a significant fraction of Seyfert 1 galaxies, can be understood in terms of a rotating line-emitting disc surrounded by a co-planar scattering region (the equatorial scattering region). The predicted polarization properties are: averaged over wavelength, the position angle of polarization is aligned with the projected disc rotation axis and hence also with the radio source axis; (ii) the polarization PA rotates across the line profile, reaching equal but opposite (relative to the continuum PA) rotations in the blue and red wings; (iii) the degree of polarization peaks in the line wings and passes through a minimum in the line core. We identify 11 objects which exhibit these features to different degrees. In order to reproduce the large amplitude PA rotations observed in some cases, the scattering region must closely surround the emission disc and the latter must itself be a relatively narrow annulus -- presumably the Halpha-emitting zone of a larger accretion disc. Asymmetries in the polarization spectra may be attributable to several possible causes, including bulk radial infall in the equatorial scattering region, or contamination by polar scattered light. The broad Halpha lines do not, in general, exhibit double-peaked profiles, suggesting that a second Halpha-emitting component of the broad-line region is present, in addition to the disc.
description: 28 pages, 15 figures. Accepted by MNRAS
Scalable Neural Decoder for Topological Surface Codes
Creators: name: Meinerz, Kai
name: Park, Chae-Yeun
name: Trebst, Simon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: With the advent of noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) devices, practical quantum computing has seemingly come into reach. However, to go beyond proof-of-principle calculations, the current processing architectures will need to scale up to larger quantum circuits which in turn will require fast and scalable algorithms for quantum error correction. Here we present a neural network based decoder that, for a family of stabilizer codes subject to depolarizing noise and syndrome measurement errors, is scalable to tens of thousands of qubits (in contrast to other recent machine learning inspired decoders) and exhibits faster decoding times than the state-of-the-art union find decoder for a wide range of error rates (down to 1%). The key innovation is to autodecode error syndromes on small scales by shifting a preprocessing window over the underlying code, akin to a convolutional neural network in pattern recognition approaches. We show that such a preprocessing step allows to effectively reduce the error rate by up to two orders of magnitude in practical applications and, by detecting correlation effects, shifts the actual error threshold, up to fifteen percent higher than the threshold of conventional error correction algorithms such as union find or minimum weight perfect matching, even in the presence of measurement errors. An in-situ implementation of such machine learning-assisted quantum error correction will be a decisive step to push the entanglement frontier beyond the NISQ horizon.
description: 10 pages, 10 figures, 5 tables
The sonochemical leaching of Chalcopyrite
Creators: name: Abed, Nedam
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: A fundamental study of the sonochemical leaching of chalcopyrite in ferric ion media has been performed to understand and quantify the effects of sonication and other parameters on leaching reactions. The study covers sulfate and chloride media. The main leaching reaction: CuFeS₂ (s) + 4Fe₃ + (aq) -> Cu₂ + (aq) + 5Fe₂ + (aq) + 2S (s) was found to be dependent on temperature and initial particle size, but less dependent on ferric ion concentration. Leaching kinetics were not affected by ferrous ion concentration or the amount of chalcopyrite added. Leaching was performed under a variety of sonication, thermodynamic and physical parameters. Reaction stoichiometry was confirmed through detailed wet chemistry analysis and mass balance calculations. The use of ultrasound activation showed a clear improvement in leaching kinetics and amount of copper extracted. Sonication has a catalytic-like effect on the leaching reaction. Compared to experiments without sonication, reaction rates were 2-3 times faster at the same temperature and can be faster by a factor of 20 for the same initial particle size. Regardless of initial particle size, the amount of copper extracted is comparable under sonication, and can be twice that under chemical leaching, implying the avoidance of fine particle grinding. Sonochemical leaching was found to be only temperature dependent, where the best copper extraction was at 75 °C. Leaching was further enhanced by the use of a grinding aid. The leaching behavior of chalcopyrite particles remained identical with and without ultrasound activation, implying that the known passivation mechanism in oxidative leaching was not eradicated, as evident from SEM and surface analysis techniques. Sonication did not contribute to particle passivation, as affirmed from different leaching procedures and sonication in aqueous and organic media. Parabolic leaching kinetics were established and confirmed from the estimation of different thermodynamic parameters and dependence on other physical parameters. The developed leaching models from this study are: For pure chalcopyrite: Sulfate media:
FOOD EXPENDITURES BY U.S. HOUSEHOLDS: LOOKING AHEAD TO 2020
Creators: name: Blisard, Noel
name: Variyam, Jayachandran N.
name: Cromartie, John
name: Blisard, Noel
name: Variyam, Jayachandran N.
name: Cromartie, John
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: Household food expenditures
subject: income
subject: demographics
subject: projections
subject: Consumer Expenditure Survey

description: By 2020, the effects of demographic changes and income growth will increase per capita spending on food 7.1 percent. Income growth alone, which will effect spending increases of almost 10 percent on away-from-home foods and 3 percent on at-home foods, will raise per capita food spending about 6 percent. Expansion of the Nation's population will drive growth in food demand and, combined with rising incomes and other demographic changes, is projected to boost total U.S. food spending 26.3 percent. On a national level, the slow but steady growth of the population will result in little variation among expenditure growth levels of individual food groups. The largest projected increase is for fruits, up 27.5 percent, while the smallest is for both beef and beverages, up 21.1 percent.
Quasinormal Modes and Stability of Firewalls
Creators: name: McManus, Ryan
name: Berti, Emanuele
name: Kaplan, David E.
name: Rajendran, Surjeet
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A solution to the black hole information problem requires propagation of information from the interior of the black hole to the exterior. Such propagation violates general relativity and could conceivably be accomplished through "firewall" models. Based on the existence of similar firewalls at the inner horizons of charged and rotating black holes, a model of a firewall was recently constructed where the exterior spacetime reduces to that of the Schwarzschild metric but with a dramatically different interior. We investigate the radial and nonradial polar stability of these objects. We first study the dynamics of the shell under spherically symmetric perturbations, and impose constraints on the firewall model parameters by requiring a subluminal speed of sound on the firewall. We show that the demands of stability and subluminality impose significant constraints on the internal parameters of the firewall, narrowing down the range of objects that could be used to create such a structure.
description: 18 pages, 11 figures
U.S. Agricultural Growth and Productivity: An Economywide Perspective
Creators: name: Shane, Mathew
name: Roe, Terry L.
name: Gopinath, Munisamy
name: Shane, Mathew
name: Roe, Terry L.
name: Gopinath, Munisamy
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: International Development
subject: Productivity Analysis
subject: agricultural growth
subject: agricultural research and development
subject: total factor productivity growth
subject: public investments
subject: international trade negotiations

description: Growth of U.S. agriculture is dependent on increases in productivity, three-fourths of which is accounted for by public investment in agricultural research and development (R&D) and infrastructure, according to this research. Productivity growth in U.S. agriculture benefits consumers by putting downward pressure on real primary and processed food prices. Moreover, maintaining export growth in international markets relies on relative productivity growth against major competitors. Public investments in agricultural R&D have stagnated since the mid-1970's, raising questions about sustained productivity growth in U.S. agriculture.
Lov, stočarstvo i "hibridne" zajednice u neolitu Balkana
Creators: name: Živaljević, Ivana
name: Dimitrijević, Vesna
name: Stefanović, Sofija
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019

description: Sa stanovišta istorije ljudsko-životinjskih odnosa, period neolita predstavlja svojevrsnu prekretnicu, koja je dovela do novih oblika suživota ljudi i životinja. Neolitske zajednice se otuda mogu razumeti kao „hibridne“ zajednice tj. kao skupine različitih (ljudskih i ne-ljudskih) vrsta, što je podrazumevalo deljenje životnog prostora i hrane, zajednički rad, međusobno poverenje i zasnivanje neke vrste partnerstva. Istovremeno, ova koegzistencija omogućila je ljudima da po prvi put pored mesa mogu konzumirati i sekundarne životinjske proizvode poput mleka. Međutim, deljenje istog okruženja i kontakt sa različitim divljim životinjama, kao i poznavanje njihovih navika, sezona i putanja migracija, moralo je biti od izuzetne važnosti i u lovačko-sakupljačkim zajednicama. Osim toga, intenzivni kontakt doveo je do pripitomljavanja određenih vrsta (poput psa) već tokom mezolita. Kompleksnost ljudsko-životinjskih odnosa, mogućnost uočavanja (katkad suptilnih) razlika između selektivnog lova i domestikacije, kao i činjenica da generacije životinja mogu provesti dugo vremena sa ljudima pre nego što se biološki mogu okarakterisati kao „domaće“, predstavljaju čitav niz izazova u proučavanju zajedničkih ljudskih i životinjskih istorija, posebno tokom „transformativnih“ perioda – kasnog mezolita i neolita. Arheozoološka svedočanstva sa teritorije Balkana ukazuju da su i divlje i domaće životinje imale važnu ulogu tokom ranog neolita (6200–5500 kalibriranih g. pre n.e.), tj. da su ljudske strategije opstanka i interakcije sa životinjama bile raznolike i (mikro)regionalno i kulturno specifične. U ovom radu, prikazaćemo nove rezultate arheozooloških i izotopskih analiza relevantne za bolje razumevanje lova, stočarstva i prvobitne eksploatacije životinjskog mleka u neolitu Balkana, i razmotriti ekološke, socijalne i ekonomske aspekte suživota ljudi i različitih životinja.
A2P-MANN: Adaptive Attention Inference Hops Pruned Memory-Augmented Neural Networks
Creators: name: Ahmadzadeh, Mohsen
name: Kamal, Mehdi
name: Afzali-Kusha, Ali
name: Pedram, Massoud
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Computational Complexity (cs.CC)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this work, to limit the number of required attention inference hops in memory-augmented neural networks, we propose an online adaptive approach called A2P-MANN. By exploiting a small neural network classifier, an adequate number of attention inference hops for the input query is determined. The technique results in elimination of a large number of unnecessary computations in extracting the correct answer. In addition, to further lower computations in A2P-MANN, we suggest pruning weights of the final FC (fully-connected) layers. To this end, two pruning approaches, one with negligible accuracy loss and the other with controllable loss on the final accuracy, are developed. The efficacy of the technique is assessed by using the twenty question-answering (QA) tasks of bAbI dataset. The analytical assessment reveals, on average, more than 42% fewer computations compared to the baseline MANN at the cost of less than 1% accuracy loss. In addition, when used along with the previously published zero-skipping technique, a computation count reduction of up to 68% is achieved. Finally, when the proposed approach (without zero-skipping) is implemented on the CPU and GPU platforms, up to 43% runtime reduction is achieved.
description: 12 pages, 12 figures, 5 tables
People of Lepenski Vir: first results of developing gudielines for digitalization of osteoarchaeological record
Creators: name: Pendić, Jugoslav
name: Jovanović, Jelena
name: Stefanović, Sofija
name: Marković, Jelena
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018

description: The success in adoption and overall enthusiasm of the archaeologist with the process of 3D scanning of artefacts and contexts has been on the rise in the past years. This could be easily explained: the requirements for doing a quality 3D information capture plummeted with the appearance of the novel and general - public based approach to data acquisition. The IBM (Image Based Modelling) on it’s basic levels required only a camera and some overcast sky or studio light, to have your site, your trench or a newly uncovered artifact, preserved as accurately scaled digital copy, for as long as the storage units would hold the data. There is a flaw, however, present in the fact that this technology has been majorly promoted for use in documenting the very special, beautiful and exquisite of the archaeological record – which is only a small portion of its extent in totality. The mundane and unattractive artefacts and remains of past populations remain untreated, as the process is biasing against the ordinary. In this poster, we present preliminary results of the project “People of Lepenski Vir: protocols for digitalization of bioarchaeological heritage”, supported by the Serbian Ministry of Culture and Information, that targets the obfuscated material, the unattractive, but still well known for its importance. The project aims to create a digitalized archive of the important anthropological collection from Đerdap gorge, dated to Mesolithic and Neolithic period, providing open access to digitalized 3D models. With use of computed tomography and IBM, remains of individuals that were living during one of the most extraordinary periods of human history will be made accessible to a wide audience, retaining metric data and possibility to be analyzed online, while at the same time allowing for the real remains to stay out of exposure and potential harm done during handling.
STRUCTURAL CHANGE IN U.S. CHICKEN AND TURKEY SLAUGHTER
Creators: name: Ollinger, Michael
name: MacDonald, James M.
name: Madison, Milton E.
name: Ollinger, Michael
name: MacDonald, James M.
name: Madison, Milton E.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: chicken slaughter
subject: turkey slaughter
subject: production costs
subject: structural change

description: Cost function analyses using data from the U.S. Bureau of the Census reveal substantial scale economies in chicken and turkey slaughter. These economies show no evidence of diminishing as plant size increases, are much greater than those realized in cattle and hog slaughter, and have resulted in a huge increase in plant size over the 1972-92 period. The findings also suggest that consolidation in the chicken and turkey slaughter industry is likely to continue, particularly if the growth in the demand for poultry diminishes.
Ookami - The First Year of a Computing Technology Testbed
Creators: name: Siegmann, Eva
name: Harrison, Robert
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021

description: Ookami [1] is a computing technology testbed funded by NSF (grant OAC 1927880). It provides researchers worldwide with free access to Fujitsu A64FX compute nodes. Those are the same as in the world’s current fastest machine, Fugaku at the RIKEN supercomputing center in Japan. The motivation behind Ookami is to provide researchers with access to this new technology to allow them to understand its strengths and weaknesses and port their applications to it. Ookami was installed in 2020 followed by an initial phase with friendly user access. Since the beginning of 2021 the cluster is open to researchers worldwide. During the first 9 months, around 60 projects and 170 users started using the system. There are several toolchains (GNU, Arm, Cray, Fujitsu), flavors of MPI, debuggers, and profiling tools available on the system, allowing users to investigate the performance of their applications in detail. One of the key features of the Fujitsu A64FX processor is SVE (scalable vector extension). Observations show that the exploitation of this feature differs a lot between different applications and compilers. In this presentation, we will describe Ookami, our efforts in user engagement and education, and success stories and challenges in using this new technology. [1] https://www.stonybrook.edu/ookami
Information Loss in Black Hole Evaporation
Creators: name: Zhang, Jingyi
name: Hu, Yapeng
name: Zhao, Zheng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Parikh-Wilczek tunnelling framework is investigated again. We argue that Parikh-Wilczek's treatment, which satisfies the first law of black hole thermodynamics and consists with an underlying unitary theory, is only suitable for a reversible process. Because of the negative heat capacity, an evaporating black hole is a highly unstable system. That is, the factual emission process is irreversible, the unitary theory will not be satisfied and the information loss is possible.
description: 4 pages, RevTex; added references
Asymptotic low-temperature critical behavior of two-dimensional multiflavor lattice SO(Nc) gauge theories
Creators: name: Bonati, Claudio
name: Franchi, Alessio
name: Pelissetto, Andrea
name: Vicari, Ettore
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We address the interplay between global and local gauge nonabelian symmetries in lattice gauge theories with multicomponent scalar fields. We consider two-dimensional lattice scalar nonabelian gauge theories with a local SO(Nc) (Nc >= 3) and a global O(Nf) invariance, obtained by partially gauging a maximally O(Nf x Nc)-symmetric multicomponent scalar model. Correspondingly, the scalar fields belong to the coset S(Nf Nc-1)/SO(Nc), where S(N) is the N-dimensional sphere. In agreement with the Mermin-Wagner theorem, these lattice SO(Nc) gauge models with Nf >= 3 do not have finite-temperature transitions related to the breaking of the global nonabelian O(Nf) symmetry. However, in the zero-temperature limit they show a critical behavior characterized by a correlation length that increases exponentially with the inverse temperature, similarly to nonlinear O(N) sigma models. Their universal features are investigated by numerical finite-size scaling methods. The results show that the asymptotic low-temperature behavior belongs to the universality class of the two-dimensional RP(Nf-1) model.
description: 8 pages. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2001.07386
Floricaudus multilocellus Yao, Ren & Shih 2011
Creators: name: Kment, Petr
name: Carapezza, Attilio
name: Jindra, Zdeněk
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Ochteridae
Floricaudus
Floricaudus multilocellus

description: Ƭ Floricaudus multilocellus Yao, Ren & Shih, 2011
 Pristinochterus zhangi (misidentification): YAO et al. (2007): 832: fig. 18, 833: fig. 22 (illustration of specimen CNU-HE-LB2006317, see YAO et al. 2011).
 Floricaudus multilocellus Yao, Ren & Shih, 2011 in YAO et al. (2011): 591, 593 –594, 598 (original description, illustrations). HOLOTYPE:, CNU-HE-LB2008006 (CNUB). Type locality and horizon: China: ‘Huangbanjigou, Chaomidian Village, Beipiao City, Liaoning Province, Yixian Formation, Early Cretaceous.’
 Floricaudus multilocellus: SCHUH & WEIRAUCH (2020): 150 –151 (list).
 Distribution. China: Liaoning (Yixian Formation: Early Cretaceous) (YAO et al. 2011).
description: Published as part of Kment, Petr, Carapezza, Attilio & Jindra, Zdeněk, 2020, Taxonomic catalogue of the family Ochteridae with description of Ochterus papaceki sp. nov. from Socotra Island and Tanzania (Hemiptera: Heteroptera), pp. 23-64 in Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 60 (1) on page 49, DOI: 10.37520/aemnp.2020.003, http://zenodo.org/record/3879659
Additional file 1 of Long-term outcomes (2 and 3.5 years post-intervention) of the INFANT early childhood intervention to improve health behaviors and reduce obesity: cluster randomised controlled trial follow-up
Creators: name: Hesketh, Kylie D.
name: Salmon, Jo
name: McNaughton, Sarah A.
name: Crawford, David
name: Abbott, Gavin
name: Cameron, Adrian J.
name: Lioret, Sandrine
name: Gold, Lisa
name: Downing, Katherine L.
name: Campbell, Karen J.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1: eTable 1. Post-intervention effects at first (child age 3.6y) and second (child age 5y) follow-up. eTable 2. Parent-reported service use and costs at follow-up (Costs in 2018 Australian dollars)
Coherent single electron spin control in a slanting Zeeman field
Creators: name: Tokura, Yasuhiro
name: van der Wiel, Wilfred G.
name: Obata, Toshiaki
name: Tarucha, Seigo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a single electron in a 1D quantum dot with a static slanting Zeeman field. By combining the spin and orbital degrees of freedom of the electron, an effective quantum two-level (qubit) system is defined. This pseudo-spin can be coherently manipulated by the voltage applied to the gate electrodes, without the need for an external time-dependent magnetic field or spin-orbit coupling. Single qubit rotations and the C-NOT operation can be realized. We estimated relaxation ($T_1$) and coherence ($T_{2}$) times, and the (tunable) quality factor. This scheme implies important experimental advantages for single electron spin control.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures
Optimizing CZTS Solar Cells Efficiency using eco-friendly layers by SCAPS simulation
Creators: name: BELHAIDOURI, Oussama
name: MOULTIF, Rachida
name: Mouakkir, Laila
name: KARIM, Manal
name: HADER, Ahmed
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 349999
subject: Other chemical sciences not elsewhere classified

description: This research explores the simulation of CZTS (Copper Zinc Tin Sulfide) solar cells, with a key emphasis on integrating environmentally friendly layers. Through extensive simulations, we systematically examine the performance of CZTS solar cells, highlighting the use of sustainable materials.. Our investigation encompasses various facets, including the use of SCAPS-1D software for simulating the foundational MoS2/CZTS/TiO2/ITO:Al structure to evaluate the optimal performance of three distinct CZTS-based solar cells enhanced with MoS2. This entailed adjusting the absorptive layer thickness in each cell as well as fine-tuning the thickness of MoS2.Furthermore, we observed the temperature sensitivity of CZTS cells, attributed to the increase in electron energy levels as temperatures rise, which subsequently impacts the bandgap. To enhance solar cell performance, we conducted an in-depth examination of the work function of the rear contact. Our numerical analyses unequivocally recommended platinum as a more advantageous alternative to molybdenum for the back metal contact.
Theoretical cryptanalysis of the Klimov-Shamir number generator TF-1
Creators: name: Tsaban, Boaz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Computational Complexity (cs.CC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The internal state of the Klimov-Shamir number generator TF-1 consists of four words of size w bits each, whereas its intended strength is 2^{2w}. We exploit an asymmetry in its output function to show that the internal state can be recovered after having 2^w outputs, using 2^{1.5w} operations. For w=32 the attack is practical, but for their recommended w=64 it is only of theoretical interest.
description: To appear in JoC
Überlegungen zu Afrahats Aussagen über Engel
Creators: name: Brade, Lutz
Publisher: name: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients
Year: 2024

description: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients, Bd. 62 (1978): Oriens christianus, Band 62
VERTICAL COORDINATION OF MARKETING SYSTEMS: LESSONS FROM THE POULTRY, EGG, AND PORK INDUSTRIES
Creators: name: Martinez, Stephen W.
name: Martinez, Stephen W.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Industrial Organization
subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: South Korea
subject: food policy
subject: agricultural development
subject: computable general equilibrium
subject: protectionism
subject: trade liberalization
subject: rural development

description: The economic development of South Korea is often considered a model for developing countries. We use 1975 and 1990 data in a general equilibrium framework with a highly disaggregated sector specification to evaluate the opportunity cost of its agricultural protection. We show that although agriculture's share of the gross domestic product (GDP) declined between 1975 and 1990, the cost of agricultural protection, as measured by the loss in GDP, did not fall. The larger gap between domestic and world prices for the protected sectors exacerbated the distortions in resource allocation. Simulated removal of 1990 agricultural border protection reduced the share of agricultural GDP to the level actually observed in 1996, demonstrating how protection can impede economic structural development. The public policy implication is for developing countries to adopt policies that help the agricultural sector become competitive. Otherwise, as in Korea, the resource costs of delaying adjustment grow over time.
Closed operator functional calculus in Banach modules and applications
Creators: name: Baskakov, Anatoly G.
name: Krishtal, Ilya A.
name: Uskova, Natalia B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We describe a closed operator functional calculus in Banach modules over the group algebra $L^1(\mathbb R)$ and illustrate its usefulness with a few applications. In particular, we deduce a spectral mapping theorem for operators in the functional calculus, which generalizes some of the known results. We also obtain an estimate for the spectrum of a perturbed differential operator in a certain class.
Additional file 2 of Using the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials to identify clinical trial registration is insufficient: a cross-sectional study
Creators: name: Banno, Masahiro
name: Tsujimoto, Yasushi
name: Kataoka, Yuki
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 2: Appendix S1. STROBE checklist for cross-sectional studies. Abbreviations: STROBE, STrengthening the Reporting of OBservational studies in Epidemiology.
Food Cost Review, 1950-97
Creators: name: Elitzak, Howard
name: Elitzak, Howard
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: retail food prices
subject: farm-to-retail price spread
subject: farm value share
subject: food marketing costs
subject: food spending
subject: profits
subject: productivity

description: Food prices, as measured by the Consumer Price Index (CPI), increased 2.6 percent in 1997. This increase was greater than the overall increase in the CPI (which rose 2.3 percent) for the third consecutive year. Higher charges for processing and distributing food, as measured by the farm-to-retail price spread, were primarily responsible for the 1997 increase. The prices farmers received for commodities, as measured by the farm value of USDA's market basket of foods, dropped 4.4 percent. The farm value share of the food dollar spent in grocery stores in 1997 was 23 percent, a decrease of 2 percent from 1996. The farm-to-retail price spread of USDA's market basket of foods rose 4.7 percent, partly reflecting higher prices of inputs, such as labor.
PROFILES OF TARIFFS IN GLOBAL AGRICULTURAL MARKETS
Creators: name: Gibson, Paul R.
name: Wainio, John
name: Whitley, Daniel B.
name: Bohman, Mary
name: Gibson, Paul R.
name: Wainio, John
name: Whitley, Daniel B.
name: Bohman, Mary
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: market access
subject: megatariffs
subject: tariff profiles
subject: over-quota tariffs
subject: in-quota tariffs
subject: tariff-rate quotas
subject: World Trade Organization

description: High protection for agricultural commodities in the form of tariffs continues to be the major factor restricting world trade. The large differences in average tariffs across countries make it possible for farmers in one country to benefit from tariff protection while farmers in other countries lose income because of lower prices resulting from those tariffs. This report provides the first comprehensive analysis of agricultural tariffs and tariff-rate quotas (limits on imported goods) across a large number of countries and commodities and finds that high average tariffs create barriers to markets for U.S. and other farmers.
MARKET SIGNALS IN VALUE BASED PRICING PREMIUMS AND DISCOUNTS
Creators: name: Feuz, Dillon M.
name: Feuz, Dillon M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1999
Subjects: Demand and Price Analysis

description: Present beef marketing practices may be impeding the transmission of economic signals from consumers to producers. Three grid pricing systems are evaluated over six marketing dates. Each grid sends the anticipated pricing signals in that marbling and leanness are rewarded. Magnitudes of price signals vary over time and across grids.
Enabling Research and Education through the Geddes Composable Platform
Creators: name: Gough, Erik
name: Weekly, Sam
name: Werts, Brian
name: Smith, Preston
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021

description: The Geddes Composable Platform is an on-premise Kubernetes-based private cloud at Purdue University and was designed to meet the increased demand for the deployment of flexible, persistent, edge and supporting services for scientific data analysis and to promote "SciOps", the application of DevOps principles to scientific computing. The platform has been in an early user access period for the past six months and has been used by several research groups at Purdue and by students as part of data science initiatives on campus. In this lightning talk, we will give a brief overview of the platform and its components, summarize the usage during the early user access period and describe scientific research and education use cases that have been enabled by the Geddes platform. At the time of writing, over sixty users from fifteen research groups have been given access to the platform. Deployments include JupyterHub instances for specific research groups and data science courses, science gateways, databases, ML-based image classifiers, and web-based BLAST database searches.
MODELING FARM AND OFF-FARM ECONOMIC LINKAGES TO ANALYZE THE IMPACTS OF AN AREA-WIDE INSECT MANAGEMENT PROGRAM ON A REGIONAL ECONOMY
Creators: name: Suarez, Otto P.
name: Larson, James A.
name: English, Burton C.
name: Suarez, Otto P.
name: Larson, James A.
name: English, Burton C.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1999
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries

description: This study evaluated the impacts of the boll weevil eradication program at the farm level and on the west Tennessee region. Budgets, an acreage response model, and an input-output model were used to evaluate direct and indirect program impacts. The program generates small but positive economic benefits for the region.
Unexpected Nonlinear Dynamics in NbN Superconducting Microwave Resonators
Creators: name: Abdo, Baleegh
name: Segev, Eran
name: Shtempluck, Oleg
name: Buks, Eyal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work we characterize the unusual nonlinear dynamics of the resonance response, exhibited by our NbN superconducting microwave resonators, using different operating conditions. The nonlinear dynamics, occurring at relatively low input powers (2-4 orders of magnitude lower than Nb), and which include among others, bifurcations in the resonance curve, hysteresis loops and resonance frequency shift, are measured herein using varying temperature, applied magnetic field, white noise and rapid frequency sweeps. Based on these measurement results, we consider a hypothesis according to which Josephson junctions forming weak links at the boundaries of the NbN grains are responsible for the observed behavior, and we show that most of the experimental results are qualitatively consistent with such hypothesis.
description: 9 pages, 13 figures
Searches for Pentaquark Baryons at BaBar
Creators: name: Berger-Hryn'ova, Tetiana
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper presents the results of inclusive searches for the strange pentaquark states $Θ^+(1540)$, $Ξ_5^{--}(1860)$ and $Ξ_5(1860)^{0}$ as well as the anti-charm pentaquark state $Θ_c(3099)^{0}$ in a dataset of 123.4 fb$^{-1}$ collected on and 40$ $MeV below the $Υ(4S)$ resonance by the BABAR detector at the $e^+e^-$ PEPII storage rings. No evidence for the pentaquark states is found and upper limits on the rate of $Θ^+(1540)$ and $Ξ_5^{--}(1860)$ production in $e^+e^-$ annihilation are obtained.
description: 4 pages, 2 postscript figues, contributed to the Proceedings of HADRON05
Two-component gap solitons in two- and one-dimensional Bose-Einstein condensates
Creators: name: Gubeskys, A.
name: Malomed, B. A.
name: Merhasin, I. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce 2D and 1D models of a binary Bose-Einstein condensate in a periodic potential, with repulsive interactions. We chiefly consider the most fundamental case of the inter-species repulsion with zero intra-species interactions. Existence and stability regions for gap solitons (GSs) supported by the interplay of the inter-species repulsion and periodic potential are identified. Two-component GSs are constructed by means of the variational approximation (VA) and in a numerical form. The VA provides accurate description for the GS which is a bound state of two tightly-bound components, each essentially trapped in one cell of the periodic potential. GSs of this type dominate in the case of intra-gap solitons, with both components belonging to the first finite bandgap of the linear spectrum. Inter-gap solitons, with one component residing in the second bandgap, and intra-gap solitons which have both components in the second gap, are possible in a deeper periodic potential, with the strength essentially exceeding the recoil energy of the atoms. Inter-gap solitons are, typically, bound states of one tightly- and one loosely-bound components. In this case, results are obtained in a numerical form. For 2D solitons, the stability is identified in direct simulations, while in the 1D case it is done via eigenfrequencies of small perturbations, and then verified by simulations. In the latter case, if the intra-gap soliton in the first bandgap is weakly unstable, it evolves into a stable breather, while unstable solitons of other types get completely destroyed. The intra-gap 2D solitons in the first bandgap are less robust, and in some cases they are completely destroyed by the instability. Addition of intra-species repulsion to the repulsion between the components leads to further stabilization of the GSs.
description: 11 pages + 15 figs; Phys. Rev. A in press
Becoming sedentary? The seasonality of hunting in the Mesolithic-Neolithic Danube Gorges
Creators: name: Živaljević, Ivana
name: Dimitrijević, Vesna
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2015
Subjects: seasonality, archaeozoology, sedentism, Danube Gorges, Mesolithic-Neolithic

description: The Danube Gorges archaeological sequence (c. 9500-5500 cal. BC) offers great possibilities for exploring various aspects of Mesolithic-Neolithic transformations, including the changes of settlement patterns. The more intense building activities in the Late Mesolithic and Mesolithic-Neolithic ‘Transformational’ phase have been interpreted as archaeological indicators of increased sedentism and economic and social changes brought by ‘Neolithic’ lifeways. In this paper, we investigate whether the Danube Gorges sites were occupied seasonally or year-round by looking at animal bones. The hunting seasons of most important game animals have been determined on the basis of skeletal elements which are sensitive to the question of seasonality. This included ageing of red deer and roe deer on the basis of antler growth, and ageing of red deer, roe deer, fox and wild boar on the basis of tooth eruption and wear. The patterns of food resource exploitation seem to indicate a year-round occupation of the settlements, given that red deer, the most important game animal was apparently hunted throughout the year. This data suggests that a significant degree of sedentism existed in the Danube Gorges prior to, and independent from the adoption of animal and plant husbandry, and was largely influenced by favourable hunting conditions.
Additional file 3 of Using the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials to identify clinical trial registration is insufficient: a cross-sectional study
Creators: name: Banno, Masahiro
name: Tsujimoto, Yasushi
name: Kataoka, Yuki
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 3: Appendix S2. Reference list of included Cochrane Reviews.
Quantum History cannot be Copied
Creators: name: Pati, Arun K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that unitarity does not allow cloning of any two points in a ray. This has implication for cloning of the geometric phase information in a quantum state. In particular, the quantum history which is encoded in the geometric phase during cyclic evolution of a quantum system cannot be copied. We also prove that the generalized geometric phase information cannot be copied by a unitary operation. We argue that our result also holds in the consistent history formulation of quantum mechanics.
description: Latex file, No figures, 9 pages
Engineering Privacy by Design: Are engineers ready to live up to the challenge?
Creators: name: Bednar, Kathrin
name: Spiekermann, Sarah
name: Langheinrich, Marc
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Organizations struggle to comply with legal requirements as well as customers calls for better data protection. On the implementation level, incorporation of privacy protections in products and services depends on the commitment of the engineers who design them. We interviewed six senior engineers, who work for globally leading IT corporations and research institutions to investigate their motivation and ability to comply with privacy regulations. Our findings point to a lack of perceived responsibility, control, autonomy, and frustrations with interactions with the legal world. While we increasingly call on engineers to go beyond functional requirements and be responsive to human values in our increasingly technological society, we may be facing the dilemma of asking engineers to live up to a challenge they are currently not ready to embrace.
description: System engineers; information privacy; motivation; attitude; Theory of Planned Behaviour; responsibility
Evading Astrophysical Constraints on Axion-Like Particles
Creators: name: Masso, Eduard
name: Redondo, Javier
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Stellar energy loss arguments lead to strong constraints on the coupling $ϕγγ$ of a light axion-like particle to two photons. Helioscopes, like CAST, are able to put competitive bounds. The PVLAS experiment has recently observed a rotation of the polarization of a laser propagating in a magnetic field that can be interpreted as the effect of a quite strong $ϕγγ$ coupling. We present scenarios where the astrophysical and CAST bounds can be evaded, and we show that the PVLAS result can be accomodated in one of the models, provided the new physics scale is at very low energies.
description: Final Version Accepted in JCAP
Origin of Enhanced Electromechanical Coupling in (Yb,Al)N Nitride Alloys
Creators: name: Jia, Junjun
name: Yanagitani, Takahiko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Our experiments demonstrate that alloying the cubic-phase YbN into the wurtzite-phase AlN results in clear mechanical softening and enhanced electromechanical coupling of AlN. First-principle calculations reproduce experimental results well, and predict a maximum 270% increase in electromechanical coupling coefficient caused by (1) an enhanced piezoelectric response induced by the local strain of Yb ions and (2) a structural flexibility of the (Yb,Al)N alloy. Extensive calculations suggest that the substitutional neighbor Yb-Yb pairs in wurtzite AlN are energetically stable along $c$ axis, and avoid forming on the basal plane of wurtzite structure due to the repulsion between them, which explains that (Yb,Al)N films with high Yb concentrations are difficult to fabricate in our sputtering experiments. Moreover, the neighbor Yb-Yb pair interactions also promote structural flexibility of (Yb,Al)N, and are considered a cause for mechanical softening of (Yb,Al)N.