cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Charge-density wave transition in magnetic topological semimetal EuAl$_4$
Creators: name: Yang, R.
name: Le, C. C.
name: Zhu, P.
name: Wang, Z. W.
name: Shang, T.
name: Dai, Y. M.
name: Hu, J. P.
name: Dressel, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The interplay among topology, charge-density wave (CDW), and magnetism can give rise to a plethora of exotic quantum phenomena. Recently, a group of magnetic topological semimetals with tetragonal lattices and CDW order were found to exhibit anomalous magnetic instability, helical spin ordering, and the presence of skyrmions. However, the underlying mechanism responsible for these observations remains unclear. Here, we conducted a comprehensive investigation into the impact of CDW on the topological and magnetic properties of EuAl$_4$ using optical spectroscopy and the first-principles calculations. Through optical spectroscopy, we observed a partial gap (60~meV) on the Fermi surface and an enhanced mid-infrared absorption around 0.4~eV after the CDW transition. Magneto-optical spectroscopy and the first-principles calculations proved that, by affecting the band structure, the CDW order frustrates the antiferromagnetic interactions but strengthened the ferromagnetic ones, which can destabilize the magnetism. With lower symmetry in the CDW ordered state, carriers from the Weyl bands will mediate the anisotropic magnetic interactions promoting the formation of chiral spin textures. Conversely, without the CDW order, the counterpart EuGa$_4$ shows robust collinear antiferromagnetic order. Our findings uncover the pivotal role played by CDW order in arousing intricate magnetism in topological materials and provide valuable insights into controlling topological and magnetic properties through the manipulation of CDW orders.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures
Constructions of Locally Recoverable Codes which are Optimal
Creators: name: Micheli, Giacomo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Discrete Mathematics (cs.DM)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11T06, 11H71, 11T71, 68P30, 14G50

description: Let $q$ be a prime power and $\mathbb F_q$ be the finite field of size $q$. In this paper we provide a Galois theoretical framework that allows to produce good polynomials for the Tamo and Barg construction of optimal locally recoverable codes (LRC). Using our approach we construct new good polynomials and then optimal LRCs with new parameters. The existing theory of good polynomials fits entirely in our new framework. The key advantage of our method is that we do not need to rely on arithmetic properties of the pair $(q,r)$, where $r$ is the locality of the code.
description: Accepted for publication in IEEE Transactions on Information Theory
Additional file 2 of The behavioral phenotype in a cohort of patients with chromosome 18 anomalies: a retrospective observational study
Creators: name: Allegri, Beatrice
name: Ajmone, Paola Francesca
name: Michelini, Giovanni
name: Antonietti, Virginia
name: Tornielli, Silvia
name: Bruschi, Fabio
name: Dall’Ara, Francesca
name: Monti, Federico
name: Milani, Donatella
name: Vizziello, Paola Giovanna
name: Costantino, Maria Antonella
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: Mental Health

description: Supplementary Material 2
Data Management Planning - BBSRC Funding Applicants
Creators: name: Denkinson, Grant
Publisher: name: University of Leicester
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 80707 Organisation of Information and Knowledge Resources
subject: FOS: Media and communications

description: Date 02 September 2015 (original 15 July 2013)Version 1-3This document is an adaptation of a document produced by the data.bris team at the University of Bristol, whose permission to adapt the document is gratefully acknowledged.
Created as part of the JISCMRD Programme (2011-2013).
W boson polarization as a measure of gauge-Higgs anomalous couplings at the LHC
Creators: name: Rao, Kumar
name: Rindani, Saurabh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show how the $W$ boson polarization in the process of associated $W^{\pm}H$ production at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) can be used to constrain anomalous $WWH$ couplings. We first calculate the spin density matrix for the $W$ to linear order in the anomalous couplings, which are assumed to be small. We then evaluate angular asymmetries in the decay distributions of leptons produced in the decay of the $W$ and show how they can be used to measure the individual elements of the polarization tensor. We estimate the limits that can be placed on the anomalous $WWH$ couplings at a future run of the LHC.
description: 14 pages, Journal Version
Memory-Based Lexical Acquisition and Processing
Creators: name: Daelemans, Walter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1994
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Current approaches to computational lexicology in language technology are knowledge-based (competence-oriented) and try to abstract away from specific formalisms, domains, and applications. This results in severe complexity, acquisition and reusability bottlenecks. As an alternative, we propose a particular performance-oriented approach to Natural Language Processing based on automatic memory-based learning of linguistic (lexical) tasks. The consequences of the approach for computational lexicology are discussed, and the application of the approach on a number of lexical acquisition and disambiguation tasks in phonology, morphology and syntax is described.
description: 18 pages
Capturing CFLs with Tree Adjoining Grammars
Creators: name: Rogers, James
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1994
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We define a decidable class of TAGs that is strongly equivalent to CFGs and is cubic-time parsable. This class serves to lexicalize CFGs in the same manner as the LCFGs of Schabes and Waters but with considerably less restriction on the form of the grammars. The class provides a normal form for TAGs that generate local sets in much the same way that regular grammars provide a normal form for CFGs that generate regular sets.
description: 8 pages, 3 figures. To appear in proceedings of ACL'94
Generating Precondition Expressions in Instructional Text
Creators: name: Linden, Keith Vander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1994
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This study employs a knowledge intensive corpus analysis to identify the elements of the communicative context which can be used to determine the appropriate lexical and grammatical form of instructional texts. \ig, an instructional text generation system based on this analysis, is presented, particularly with reference to its expression of precondition relations.
description: 8 pages, in postscript format (compressed and uuencoded), one of the figures has been removed due to excessive size
On refined metric and hermitian structures in arithmetic, I: Galois-Gauss sums and weak ramification
Creators: name: Bley, Werner
name: Burns, David
name: Hahn, Carl
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11R33

description: We use techniques of relative algebraic K-theory to develop a common refinement of the existing theories of metrized and hermitian Galois structures in arithmetic. As a first application of this very general approach, we then use it to prove several new results, and to formulate a framework of new conjectures, concerning the detailed arithmetic properties of wildly ramified Galois-Gauss sums.
description: revised version, 50 pages
Grammar Specialization through Entropy Thresholds
Creators: name: Samuelsson, Christer
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1994
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Explanation-based generalization is used to extract a specialized grammar from the original one using a training corpus of parse trees. This allows very much faster parsing and gives a lower error rate, at the price of a small loss in coverage. Previously, it has been necessary to specify the tree-cutting criteria (or operationality criteria) manually; here they are derived automatically from the training set and the desired coverage of the specialized grammar. This is done by assigning an entropy value to each node in the parse trees and cutting in the nodes with sufficiently high entropy values.
description: 8 pages
An Integrated Heuristic Scheme for Partial Parse Evaluation
Creators: name: Lavie, Alon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1994
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: GLR* is a recently developed robust version of the Generalized LR Parser, that can parse almost ANY input sentence by ignoring unrecognizable parts of the sentence. On a given input sentence, the parser returns a collection of parses that correspond to maximal, or close to maximal, parsable subsets of the original input. This paper describes recent work on developing an integrated heuristic scheme for selecting the parse that is deemed ``best'' from such a collection. We describe the heuristic measures used and their combination scheme. Preliminary results from experiments conducted on parsing speech recognized spontaneous speech are also reported.
description: 3 pages, 1 table, LaTeX source, uses latex-acl.sty and named.sty To appear in proceedings of ACL-94 (student sessions)
Calabi-Yau Manifolds and SU(3) Structure
Creators: name: Larfors, Magdalena
name: Lukas, Andre
name: Ruehle, Fabian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that non-trivial SU(3) structures can be constructed on large classes of Calabi-Yau three-folds. Specifically, we focus on Calabi-Yau three-folds constructed as complete intersections in products of projective spaces, although we expect similar methods to apply to other constructions and also to Calabi-Yau four-folds. Among the wide range of possible SU(3) structures we find Strominger-Hull systems, suitable for heterotic or type II string compactifications, on all complete intersection Calabi-Yau manifolds. These SU(3) structures of Strominger-Hull type have a non-vanishing and non-closed three-form flux which needs to be supported by source terms in the associated Bianchi identity. We discuss the possibility of finding such source terms and present first steps towards their explicit construction. Provided suitable sources exist, our methods lead to Calabi-Yau compactifications of string theory with a non Ricci-flat, physical metric which can be written down explicitly and in analytic form.
description: minor corrections, references added, 27 pages, 3 tables
Neutrosophic Computing and Machine Learning, vol. 1 / 2018
Creators: name: Smarandache, Florentin
name: Leyva-Vázquez, Maikel
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: Applied Computer Science

description: "Neutrosophic Computing and Machine Learning" (NCML) es una revista académica que ha sido creada para publicaciones de estudios avanzados en neutrosofía, conjunto neutrosófico, lógica neutrosófica, probabilidad neutrosófica, estadística neutrosófica, enfoques neutrosóficos para el aprendizaje automático, etc. y sus aplicaciones en cualquier campo.
An Optimal Tabular Parsing Algorithm
Creators: name: Nederhof, Mark-Jan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1994
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper we relate a number of parsing algorithms which have been developed in very different areas of parsing theory, and which include deterministic algorithms, tabular algorithms, and a parallel algorithm. We show that these algorithms are based on the same underlying ideas. By relating existing ideas, we hope to provide an opportunity to improve some algorithms based on features of others. A second purpose of this paper is to answer a question which has come up in the area of tabular parsing, namely how to obtain a parsing algorithm with the property that the table will contain as little entries as possible, but without the possibility that two entries represent the same subderivation.
description: 8 pages, Unix compressed, uuencoded
Just add WATER: WebAssembly-based Circumvention Transports
Creators: name: Chi, Erik
name: Wang, Gaukas
name: Halderman, J. Alex
name: Wustrow, Eric
name: Wampler, Jack
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: As Internet censors rapidly evolve new blocking techniques, circumvention tools must also adapt and roll out new strategies to remain unblocked. But new strategies can be time consuming for circumventors to develop and deploy, and usually an update to one tool often requires significant additional effort to be ported to others. Moreover, distributing the updated application across different platforms poses its own set of challenges.
 In this paper, we introduce WATER (WebAssembly Transport Executables Runtime), a novel design that enables applications to use a WebAssembly-based application-layer (e.g., TLS) to wrap network connections and provide network transports. Deploying a new circumvention technique with WATER only requires distributing the WebAssembly Transport Module(WATM) binary and any transport-specific configuration, allowing dynamic transport updates without any change to the application itself. WATMs are also designed to be generic such that different applications using WATER can use the same WATM to rapidly deploy successful circumvention techniques to their own users, facilitating rapid interoperability between independent circumvention tools.
description: FOCI 2024
Nanowire Superinductance Fluxonium Qubit
Creators: name: Hazard, T. M.
name: Gyenis, András
name: Di Paolo, A.
name: Asfaw, A. T.
name: Lyon, S. A.
name: Blais, A.
name: Houck, A. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We characterize a fluxonium qubit consisting of a Josephson junction inductively shunted with a NbTiN nanowire superinductance. We explain the measured energy spectrum by means of a multimode theory accounting for the distributed nature of the superinductance and the effect of the circuit nonlinearity to all orders in the Josephson potential. Using multiphoton Raman spectroscopy, we address multiple fluxonium transitions, observe multilevel Autler-Townes splitting and measure an excited state lifetime of $T_\mathrm{1}=20$ $μ$s. By measuring $T_1$ at different magnetic flux values, we find a crossover in the lifetime limiting mechanism from capacitive to inductive losses.
title: Modellierung von Papiermaschinen für Flächengewichts-Querprofilregelungen
Creators: name: Adamy, Jürgen
name: Graf, Klemens
name: Wurmthaler, Christoph
Publisher: name: De Gruyter
Year: 2021

description: Bei der Herstellung von Papierbahnen ist es eines der wichtigsten Ziele, überall auf der Bahn möglichst gleiche Materialeigenschaften, z.B. Feuchte, Dicke und Flächengewicht, zu erzeugen. Die Gleichmäßigkeit beurteilt man u.a. anhand der Profile quer zur Bahn. Insbesondere das Querprofil des Flächengewichts ist hierbei von Interesse. Da es sich aufgrund von Prozeßstörungen ändert, verwendet man eine Querprofilregelung, um Störungen zu egalisieren und das Profil zu glätten. Ziel dieses Aufsatzes ist die Entwicklung eines Prozeßmodells, das Grundlage sowohl für das Prozeßverständnis als auch für den Entwurf einer Flächengewichts-Querprofilregelung sein soll. Hierbei wird neben der Strecke vor allem auch das Stellglied, mit dem das Profil beeinflußbar ist, modelliert.
Hirundo rustica Linnaeus, 1758, spec. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1758
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Aves
Passeriformes
Hirundinidae
Hirundo
Hirundo rustica

description: Hirundo rustica [spec. nov.]
H. rectricibus, exceptis duabus intermediis, macula alba notatis. Fn. svec. 244.
Hirundo domestica. Gesn. av. 548. Aldr. orn. l. 17. c. 6. Jonst. av. 115. t. 42. Will. orn. 155. t. 39. Raj. av. 71. n. 1. Alb. av. 1. p. 43. t. 45. Frisch. av. t. 18. f. 1.
Habitat in Europae domibus intra tectum.
rustica & urbica autumno demergitur, vereque emergit.
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1758, Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on page 191, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.542, http://zenodo.org/record/3922206
Additional file 1 of Glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) and obesity interact to impact tumor progression and treatment response in triple negative breast cancer
Creators: name: Devericks, Emily N.
name: Brosnan, Bennett H.
name: Ho, Alyssa N.
name: Glenny, Elaine M.
name: Malian, Hannah M.
name: Teegarden, Dorothy
name: Wendt, Michael K.
name: Coleman, Michael F.
name: Hursting, Stephen D.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Cancer

description: Supplementary Material 1
Determining parameters of Kerr black holes at finite distance by shadow observation
Creators: name: Hioki, Kenta
name: Miyamoto, Umpei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a new method to determine the physical parameters of Kerr black holes (namely, specific angular momentum $a$, inclination angle $i$, and distance $D$ from an observer) only from the shadow's information such as the size and shape. Key points in our method are (i) to treat the distance as a free parameter, (ii) to expand the shadow's outline as a Fourier series, and (iii) to construct principal components from the Fourier coefficients. These points enable us to obtain a one-to-one mapping between three principal components, being observables characterizing the size and deviation of shadow's shape from a circular disk, and the values of three parameters ($D/M, a/M, i$), where $M$ is the mass of black hole. Our method is applicable to various type of black holes and even to ones with accretion disks.
description: 28 pages, 6 figures, sec 5 added, accepted for publication in Physical Review D; Supplemental material is attached. To view the attachment, please download and extract the gzipped tar source file listed under "Other formats''
Simulation and feedback control of simplified vehicle flows
Creators: name: Evstafyeva, Olga
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2018

description: The present doctoral work investigates wake flow behind a square-back Ahmed body at laminar and turbulent Reynolds numbers. At low Reynolds numbers the Ahmed body wake undergoes a series of bifurcations towards symmetry breaking state. Using Large Eddy Simulations, which resolve the boundary layer down to the wall, the sequence of symmetry breaking bifurcations is captured numerically for the first time. Large Eddy Simulations are then used to investigate the reflectional symmetry breaking behaviour in the turbulent regime, where it manifests as slow and random bi-modal switching between the asymmetric states. The bi-modal switch from one state to the other is captured for the first time numerically, allowing to study the effects of wake displacement on the instantaneous wake structures. A linear feedback control strategy, designed to attenuate base pressure force fluctuations is tested on the Ahmed body flow. At low Reynolds numbers the strategy is successful; a moderate base pressure recovery and a concomitant drag reduction are achieved and the wake is re-symmetrised. A similar control approach is also benchmarked at higher Reynolds numbers, where the flow exhibits turbulent separation. The preliminary results suggest that the controller is unlikely to reduce drag and other actuation/sensing arrangements need to be investigated. This work motivates future attempts to develop a linear feedback controller based on the strategy described herein, but with better selected actuation and sensing. Further work is also required to better understand the physical mechanism behind bi-modal switching in the wake.
An Extended Theory of Head-Driven Parsing
Creators: name: Nederhof, Mark-Jan
name: Satta, Giorgio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1994
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We show that more head-driven parsing algorithms can be formulated than those occurring in the existing literature. These algorithms are inspired by a family of left-to-right parsing algorithms from a recent publication. We further introduce a more advanced notion of ``head-driven parsing'' which allows more detailed specification of the processing order of non-head elements in the right-hand side. We develop a parsing algorithm for this strategy, based on LR parsing techniques.
description: 8 pages, Unix compressed, uuencoded
Spin-1/2 XY chain magnetoelectric: effect of zigzag geometry
Creators: name: Baran, Ostap
name: Ohanyan, Vadim
name: Verkholyak, Taras
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A spin-1/2 $XY$ chain model of magnetoelectric on a zigzag chain is considered rigorously. The magnetoelectric coupling is described within the Katsura-Nagaosa-Balatsky mechanism. In the zigzag geometry it leads to the staggered Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction. By non-uniform spin-rotations the model is reduced to a dimerized $XY$ chain and solved exactly using the Jordan-Wigner transformation. We analyze the ground-state phase diagram of the model, zero and finite temperature magnetoelectric effect, obtain the magnetization and polarization curves versus magnetic and electric fields, as well as the parameters of anisotropic dielectric and magnetoelectric response. It is also shown that the electric field may enhance the magnetocaloric effect in the model.
description: 14 pages, 15 figures
Synroc and glass composite wasteforms for simulated radioactive waste from advanced reprocessing
Creators: name: Hsieh, Yun-Hao
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2018

description: A novel advanced reprocessing method, EURO-GANEX, has been developed to further separate wastes, in comparison to the PUREX route, and to enhance the proliferation resistance of reprocessing. It produces a waste-stream that contains fission products only, free of traceable actinides. A Synroc derivative wasteform, Synroc-Z, has been developed to contain minimal host phases for actinides and could immobilise up to 35 wt.% EURO-GANEX waste. Synroc-Z was prepared via hot uniaxial pressing and hot isostatic pressing to compare the phase composition and microstructure. Consolidation of the Synroc-Z by hot pressing techniques resulted in a dense microstructure with low porosity (< 0.5 vol%). Processing temperature was the most important factor in controlling density and phase composition. The suggested hot uniaxial pressing conditions determined from this study are a temperature of 1150-1200oC with pressure of >10 MPa for dwell time of 3 h. Another potential matrix is French borosilicate glass, R7T7, which was prepared via melting vitrification and hot isostatic pressing. However, the applied pressure did not enhance the solubility of Ru, Pd, Te and Mo compared to melting vitrification. The processing conditions, waste loading and surface roughness were varied, and their effects on Synroc-Z durability and microstructure were examined. Synroc-Z samples with dense microstructures displayed similar leach resistance performance and behaviour. Leached samples formed Ti-oxide films and crystals on their surfaces that act as a barrier to mitigate elemental loss. Synroc-Z with low (< 20 wt.%) waste loadings showed slightly poorer durability than Synroc-C while at high (> 20 wt.%) waste loadings, Synroc-Z displayed less degradation in performance compared to Synroc-C. In contrast, the secondary phases formed on the R7T7 glass offer little protection during durability testing as the leach rates of R7T7 displayed only a 1.4 times decrease compared to the 14 times reduction for Synroc-Z between 3 and 28 days.
Additional file 1 of Bridging therapy with histotripsy prior to liver transplantation for hepatocellular carcinoma: a first case report
Creators: name: Uysal, Melis
name: Wehrle, Chase J
name: Coppa, Christopher
name: Kamath, Suneel
name: Krishnamurthi, Smitha
name: Martin, Charles
name: Hag, Mohamed El
name: Khalil, Mazhar
name: Fujiki, Masato
name: Schlegel, Andrea
name: Miller, Charles
name: Hashimoto, Koji
name: Aucejo, Federico
name: Kwon, David CH
name: Kim, Jaekeun
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: Virology

description: Supplementary Material 1
Is Betelgeuse Really Rotating? Synthetic ALMA Observations of Large-scale Convection in 3D Simulations of Red Supergiants
Creators: name: Ma, Jing-Ze
name: Chiavassa, Andrea
name: de Mink, Selma E.
name: Valli, Ruggero
name: Justham, Stephen
name: Freytag, Bernd
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The evolved stages of massive stars are poorly understood, but invaluable constraints can be derived from spatially resolved observations of nearby red supergiants, such as Betelgeuse. Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) observations of Betelgeuse showing a dipolar velocity field have been interpreted as evidence for a projected rotation rate of about $5\, \mathrm{km\, s^{-1}}$. This is 2 orders of magnitude larger than predicted by single-star evolution, which led to suggestions that Betelgeuse is a binary merger. We propose instead that large-scale convective motions can mimic rotation, especially if they are only partially resolved. We support this claim with 3D CO5BOLD simulations of nonrotating red supergiants that we postprocessed to predict ALMA images and SiO spectra. We show that our synthetic radial velocity maps have a 90% chance of being falsely interpreted as evidence for a projected rotation rate of $\mathrm{2\, km\, s^{-1}}$ or larger for our fiducial simulation. We conclude that we need at least another ALMA observation to firmly establish whether Betelgeuse is indeed rapidly rotating. Such observations would also provide insight into the role of angular momentum and binary interaction in the late evolutionary stages. The data will further probe the structure and complex physical processes in the atmospheres of red supergiants, which are immediate progenitors of supernovae and are believed to be essential in the formation of gravitational-wave sources.
description: 14 pages, 10 figures, 2 tables. Published in ApJL. Comments welcome. Animations accessible to general readers and supplementary materials can be found at Zenodo: doi: 10.5281/zenodo.10199936 . Postprocessing packages and Jupiter notebook to reproduce the figures will be available in the same link soon
Data Management Planning - AHRC Funding Applicants
Creators: name: Burnham, Andrew
Publisher: name: University of Leicester
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 80707 Organisation of Information and Knowledge Resources
subject: FOS: Media and communications

description: Date 20 July 2015 (original 15 July 2013)Version 1-3
This document is an adaptation of a document produced by the data.bris team at the University of Bristol, whose permission to adapt the document is gratefully acknowledged.

This legacy document reflects the research data management guidelines for AHRC.
Created as part of the JISCMRD Programme (2011-2013).
Acquiring Receptive Morphology: A Connectionist Model
Creators: name: Gasser, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1994
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper describes a modular connectionist model of the acquisition of receptive inflectional morphology. The model takes inputs in the form of phones one at a time and outputs the associated roots and inflections. Simulations using artificial language stimuli demonstrate the capacity of the model to learn suffixation, prefixation, infixation, circumfixation, mutation, template, and deletion rules. Separate network modules responsible for syllables enable to the network to learn simple reduplication rules as well. The model also embodies constraints against association-line crossing.
description: 8 pages, Postscript file; extract with Unix uudecode and uncompress
Evaluation of outlier detection method performance in symmetric multivariate distributions
Creators: name: Uzabaci, Ender
name: Ilker Ercan
name: Ozlem Alpu
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Determining outliers is more complicated in multivariate data sets than it is in univariate cases. The aim of this study is to evaluate the blocked adaptive computationally efficient outlier nominators (BACON) algorithm, the fast minimum covariance determinant (FAST-MCD) method, and the robust Mahalanobis distance (RM) method in multivariate data sets. For this purpose, outlier detection methods were compared for multivariate normal, Laplace, and Cauchy distributions with different sample sizes and numbers of variables. False-negative and false-positive ratios were used to evaluate the methods’ performance. The results of this work indicate that the performance of these methods varies according to the distribution type.
Effects of tangential velocity in the reactive relativistic Riemann problem
Creators: name: Harpole, A.
name: Hawke, I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Type I X-ray bursts are thermonuclear burning events which occur on the surfaces of accreting neutron stars. Burning begins in a localised spot in the star's ocean layer before propagating across the entire surface as a deflagration. On the scale of the entire star, the burning front can be thought of as discontinuity. To model this, we investigated the reactive Riemann problem for relativistic deflagrations and detonations and developed a numerical solver. Unlike for the Newtonian Riemann problem, where only the velocity perpendicular to the interface is relevant, in the relativistic case the tangential velocity becomes coupled through the Lorentz factor and can alter the waves present in the solution. We investigated whether a fast tangential velocity may be able to cause a deflagration wave to transition to a detonation. We found that such a transition is possible, but only for tangential velocities that are a significant fraction of the speed of light or for systems already on the verge of transitioning. Consequently, it is highly unlikely that this transition would occur for a burning front in a neutron star ocean without significant contributions from additional multidimensional effects.
description: 16 pages, 10 figures, Accepted for publication in ApJ
From isolated polyelectrolytes to star-like assemblies: The role of sequence heterogeneity on the statistical structure of the intrinsically disordered Neurofilament-low tail domain
Creators: name: Kravikass, Mathar
name: Koren, Gil
name: Saleh, Omar A.
name: Beck, Roy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Intrinsically disordered proteins (IDPs) are a subset of proteins that lack stable secondary structure. Given their polymeric nature, previous mean-field approximations have been used to describe the statistical structure of IDPs. However, the amino-acid sequence heterogeneity and complex intermolecular interaction network have significantly impeded the ability to get proper approximations. One such case is the intrinsically disordered tail domain of Neurofilament low (NFLt), which comprises a 50 residue-long uncharged domain followed by a 96 residue-long negatively charged domain. Here, we measure two NFLt variants to identify the impact of the NFLt two main subdomains on its complex interactions and statistical structure. Using synchrotron small-angle x-ray scattering, we find that the uncharged domain of the NFLt induces attractive interactions that cause it to self-assemble into star-like polymer brushes. On the other hand, when the uncharged domain is truncated, the remaining charged N-terminal domains remain isolated in solution with typical polyelectrolyte characteristics. We further discuss how competing long- and short-ranged interactions within the polymer brushes dominate their ensemble structure, and, in turn, their implications on previously observed phenomena in NFL native and diseased states.
Critical heat flux in non-circular channels
Creators: name: Manning, Jonathan Paul
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2018

description: In the design of nuclear reactors adequate cooling must be demonstrated for all operational states as well as during and after design basis accidents. A key aspect of this design activity is the prediction of the Critical Heat Flux (CHF). The focus of the work in this thesis was the prediction of CHF in non-circular channels. The Look Up Table was used to analyse several burnout studies for non-circular channels in the literature and was found to be a poor predictive tool for these geometries. A conventional phenomenological model developed for round tubes was also shown to give poor predictions, with a mean error of 25% and root mean square error of 31%. Phenomenological modelling requires correlations for the mass transfer processes in annular flow. Deposition rates for annular flow in rectangular channels have been determined by an analysis of upstream burnout data. This showed good agreement with the rates in round tubes and validated this aspect of the phenomenological approach. The conventional one-dimensional phenomenological model was extended to include a variation in film thickness around the periphery. This model was fitted to experimental data from the literature for burnout in asymmetrically heated tubes. The low mean and root mean square errors, 0.8% and 3.0% respectively, confirmed the principle of the model. A flow visualisation rig has been designed and successfully operated to produce a flow-regime map for a rectangular channel of 25 mm by 2.5 mm. This map showed that the gas momentum flux required to cause annular flow was higher than that in round tubes. A wide range of annular flow conditions were observed and shown to be generally consistent with the phenomenological modelling approach. However it was seen that there were novel flow features that will need to be accounted for when predicting CHF in these geometries.
title: ADCO, Troisième cartulaire de Saint-Étienne de Dijon (XVIe), Cart. 23 (G 127), 310 folios, f. 00500
Creators: name: de la Côte d'Or, Archives départementales
name: Petot, Frédéric
name: Archives Départementales De La Côte-D'Or
name: Petot, Frédérique
name: Projet CBMA
name: CG21/F.PETOT/2011
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi
subject: Chartes de la Bourgogne du Moyen Âge
subject: LaMOP
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris
subject: cartulaire

description: Troisième cartulaire de Saint-Étienne de Dijon (XVIe), Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, Cart. 23 (G 127), 310 folios, f. 00500, Numérisation en mode image.
description: Relation: http://www.cbma-project.eu/
description: Bibliographic citation: Troisième cartulaire de Saint-Étienne de Dijon (XVIe), Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, Cart. 23 (G 127), 310 folios, f. 00500, in Projet CBMA - Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi [Ressource en ligne], https://manuscrits.cbma-project.eu/
description: Provenance: abbaye Saint-Étienne de Dijon
description: Provenance: http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q15945019
Novel biomarkers of renal transplant failure/dysfunction via spectroscopic phenotyping
Creators: name: Payne, Thomas
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2017

description: Successful renal transplantation not only improves patients’ quality and duration of life, but also confers a substantial economic healthcare cost saving. With the growing burden of end-stage renal disease and the requirement for renal replacement therapy, strategies to augment transplant success and subsequent graft survival become more vital than ever. Herein, an objective means of characterising renal function across the transplant journey, and appropriately stratifying in accordance to individual contingencies/factors (including the early detection of renal dysfunction), based on metabolism is explored. Patient pairs, recipients and donors, were metabolically phenotyped prior to (24 h) and post (days 1–5) transplantation using a multi-platform analytical approach (i.e., Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (NMR) and Mass Spectrometry (MS)) of urine and plasma (n = 50). Using advanced statistics, the resulting metabolic profiles were subsequently modelled, and related to multiple clinical phenotypes (and outcomes), to increase the understanding of molecular changes/signatures across transplantation, capturing valuable information pertinent to transplant type, cause, co-morbidity, modality, immunology and complication (p-value < 0.05) – over donors as well as recipients. An attempt to then develop predictive algorithms for the early detection of renal dysfunction was preliminary defined within the confines of the study design, where integrated NMR and MS metabolic data improved patient stratification for complications over clinical measures (receiver operator characteristic area under curve over 0.900) and potentially replace current measures. While prospective/multicentre studies are imperative for subsequent real-world adoption (qualification/validation), the work conducted herein encompassed much of the first stage of marker development – discovery – where metabolic phenotyping renal transplantation has provided a deeper characterisation of patient journeys with new insights into multiple contingencies/factors (including complication). Such findings infer the value of metabolic phenotyping to augment and potentially replace current measures and methods to better inform decision making in the clinic on the individual/precision level.
Latest Highlights from the H1 Collaboration
Creators: name: Carli, Tancredi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent data obtained in ep collisions at HERA by the H1 collaboration are presented: searches for new phenomena beyond the Standard Model, measurement of the inclusive neutral and charged current cross sections and of the proton structure function, determination of the gluon density in the proton and photon from jet productions, measurement and interpretation of event shapes in the current region of the Breit frame, test of the parton evolution at low x and of the diffractive production mechanism.
description: 17 pages, 21 figures, plenary talk at 7th International Workshop on Deep Inelastic Scattering and QCD, Berlin-Zeuthen (Germany), April 1999
Reducing uncertainty in climate prediction: enhancing the science case for TRUTHS
Creators: name: Seales, Amy
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2017

description: The research in this thesis focuses on the ability of a proposed satellite mission, Traceable Radiometry Underpinning Terrestrial and Helio- Studies (TRUTHS), to detect signals of climate change as manifested in the Earth’s reflected shortwave spectrum. TRUTHS aims to measure the total incoming solar irradiance, spectral solar irradiance and Earth’s reflected shortwave radiation with sufficient radiometric accuracy to enable rapid detection of signals of climate change above natural variability. Early detection of such signals will potentially enable mitigation strategies to be employed faster. Initially, sensitivity studies were conducted to investigate the atmospheric and surface variables that affect reflected shortwave spectra. TOA shortwave reflectances calculated from Climate Observation System Simulation Experiment (COSSE) data were then used to investigate how quickly changes could be detected above natural variability, as manifested in the simulations, using a linear regression model. The shortest detection times ranged from 7-15 years and 10-25 years under clear and all sky conditions respectively. The impact of spatial resolution was investigated by comparing 10 degree and 1.41 degree zonal average data. The 10 degree data provided 9.2% more detections at <20 years for all sky conditions than the high resolution data. The data were also separated into land and ocean to investigate the effect of surface type, however this in general yielded no clear improvement in detection times. Finally, gaps were added to the data record to simulate realistic climate observation scenarios. These gaps varied from 10 to 25 years, with records lengths of 3 or 5 years based on the estimated lifetime of a TRUTHS mission. Detection times indicate that, of the scenarios investigated, a repeating 5 year mission followed by a 10 year gap is optimal, providing detection times of predominantly <20 years globally at 1600nm, 1680nm and 2190nm, and in the tropics at visible wavelengths.
Attached eddies in wall-bounded turbulent ﬂows: streak instability and skin-friction generation
Creators: name: De Giovanetti, Matteo
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2018

description: The goal of this study is to answer some lingering questions that pertain the nature of wall-bounded turbulent ﬂows. Building on the ‘attached-eddy’ hypothesis ﬁrst proposed by A.A. Townsend, the main aim is to better understand the mechanisms governing their behaviour. In order to do so, several numerical experiments are performed in a turbulent channel ﬂow. First, we seek for a better description of the mechanism behind the generation of the vortical structures: a body forcing is introduced in the ﬂow to drive an ampliﬁed streak, and this process is carried out for several diﬀerent streaks, ranging from the logarithmic to the outer region. All streaks are shown to undergo a sinuous-type instability; furthermore, they trigger the appearance of cross-streamwise structures, the streamwise wavelength scale of which is observed to be proportional to the spanwise spacing of the ampliﬁed streak. Application of dynamic mode decomposition reveals that the ampliﬁed streak can be considered the seeding mechanism for these vortical structures. Furthermore, the contribution of attached eddies to skin-friction drag is studied at relatively large Reynolds numbers. It is found that the outer-layer structures are responsible for a signiﬁcant amount of skin-friction, but their removal does not result in comparable savings. Conversely, the self-similar structures populating the logarithmic layer are shown to generate a substantial amount of skin friction, and their contribution appears to increase with the Reynolds number. This outcome can explain the reduction in eﬀectiveness of many drag-reducing devices, and is potentially useful to design novel techniques for ﬂow control.
Priority Union and Generalization in Discourse Grammars
Creators: name: Grover, Claire
name: Brew, Chris
name: Manandhar, Suresh
name: Moens, Marc
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1994
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We describe an implementation in Carpenter's typed feature formalism, ALE, of a discourse grammar of the kind proposed by Scha, Polanyi, et al. We examine their method for resolving parallelism-dependent anaphora and show that there is a coherent feature-structural rendition of this type of grammar which uses the operations of priority union and generalization. We describe an augmentation of the ALE system to encompass these operations and we show that an appropriate choice of definition for priority union gives the desired multiple output for examples of VP-ellipsis which exhibit a strict/sloppy ambiguity.
description: 8 pages, Unix compressed and uuencoded Postscript file To appear in ACL-94
Type Ia supernovae have two physical width-luminosity relations and they favor sub-Chandrasekhar and direct collision models - II. Color evolution
Creators: name: Wygoda, Nahliel
name: Katz, Boaz
name: Elbaz, Yonatan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: While the width-luminosity relation (WLR) among type Ia supernovae (slower is brighter) is one of the best studied properties of this type of events, its physical basis has not been identified convincingly. The 'luminosity' is known to be related to a clear physical quantity -- the amount of $^{56}$Ni synthesized, but the 'width' has not been quantitatively linked yet to a physical time scale. We show that the recombination time of $^{56}$Fe and $^{56}$Co from doubly to singly ionized states causes the typical observed break in the color curve B-V due to a cliff in the mean opacities, and is a robust width measure of the light curve, which is insensitive to radiation transfer uncertainties. A simple photospheric model is shown to predict the recombination time to an accuracy of $\sim5$ days, allowing a quantitative understanding of the color WLR. Two physical times scales of the width luminosity relation are shown to be set by two column densities -- the total column density which sets the gamma-ray escape time $t_0$ (previous Paper I) and the $^{56}$Ni column density which sets the recombination time (this Paper II). Central detonations of sub-$\rm M_{ch}$ WDs and direct WD collision models have gamma-ray escape times and recombination times which are consistent with observations across the luminosity range of type Ia's. Delayed detonation Chandrasekhar mass models have recombination times that are broadly consistent with observations, with tension at the bright end of the luminosity range and inconsistent gamma-ray escape times at the faint end.
description: The Monte Carlo radiation transfer code URILIGHT used for the numerical calculations is provided