cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
A discourse analysis of giftedness education policy in Victorian state education 1975-1994
Creators: name: Glover, Carol Ann
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2016
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: The development of giftedness education in Victorian state schools reflects a history of its support and resistance. Using an approach to discourse analysis based on Dantâ€™s (1991) method of the â€˜exchange of meaningâ€™ this study focusses on the elements of power and resistance in discourse that are involved in the ideological construction of giftedness policy in the Victorian state education system. A wide selection of policy documents, dating from 1975-1994, are analysed to describe this process. It is proposed that the shifting nature of the meaning of giftedness reflects a discursive struggle in the maintenance of an ideology of intelligence in the institution of education, and that recent developments in Victorian giftedness policy reflect an attempt to provide an alternative education for an elite.
The synthesis of music and dance: performance strategies for selected choreographic music works by Karlheinz Stockhausen
Creators: name: Heath, Karen Louise
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2016
Subjects: Art

description: This research project focuses primarily on the physical and interpretative aspects of performing choreographic music with particular reference to Stockhausen's Der Kleine Harlekin (1975) and In Freundschaft (1977). For purpose of this research, choreographic music refers to the genre where the musician is required to carry out dance movement at the same time as performing on an instrument. Furthermore, the models of choreographic music as presented within this paper are confined to the Western art music paradigm. Choreographic music, the synchronisation of instrumental performance with movement, is an art form that requires the musician to be multifaceted in their performance approach. With composers of choreographic music determining both bifurcations of music and movement, the genre seems to be generated solely within the domain of music. Yet as the choreographic musician amalgamates these two performance disciplines, a subsidiary effect is the incorporation of dramatic elements, necessary to certain pieces within the choreographic music repertoire. At times, the focus on dramatic elements is overt: Stockhausen's Harlek;n (1975) and Der Kleine Harlekin (1975) exemplify this, with performance requirements stipulating specific costuming as well as character personification for the performer. With choreographic music being essentially a hybrid of music, dance and drama, it is feasible that preparatory techniques leading up to performance should encompass extra-musical rehearsal strategies in an effort to enhance the overall performance outcome. This project aims to highlight physical considerations of combining choreography with music as well as to present discussions regarding the interpretation of choreographic music notation.
Analysis of Land-Energy-Water Interactions in two alternative hypothetical scenarios for Peru using OSeMOSYS tool
Creators: name: Ruiz Elias Elias Roman
name: Damian, Joel Nestor Vicencio
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: CLEWs
OSeMOSYS
Alternative scenarios

description: This poster present context, aim, research questions, simple consolidated model of CLEWs, results, conlcusions, and refenrences of an analysis of Land-Energy-Water Interactions in two alternative hypothetical scenarios for Peru using OSeMOSYS tool.
description: {"references": ["T. Niet, A. Shivakumar, F. Gardumi, W. Usher, E. Williams, M. Howells,\u00a0Developing a community of practice around an open source energy modelling tool,\u00a0Energy Strategy Reviews,\u00a0Volume 35,\u00a02021, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.esr.2021.100650.", "F. Gardumi, A. Shivakumar, R. Morrison, C. Taliotis, O. Broad, A. Beltramo, V. Sridharan, M. Howells, J. H\u00f6rsch, T. Niet, Y. Almulla, E. Ramos, T. Burandt, G. Pe\u00f1a Balderrama, G. Pinto de Moura, E. Zepeda, T. Alfstad,\u00a0From the development of an open-source energy modelling tool to its application and the creation of communities of practice: The example of OSeMOSYS,\u00a0Energy Strategy Reviews,\u00a0Volume 20,\u00a02018,\u00a0Pages 209-228,\u00a0ISSN 2211-467X,\u00a0https://doi.org/10.1016/j.esr.2018.03.005.", "Climate Compatible Growth, (s.f.). Energy & Transport Starter Data Kits. Obtained from Energy & Transport Starter Data Kits: https://climatecompatiblegrowth.com/starter-kits/", "Oxford Martin School, (n.d.). Our World in Data. Obtained from Our World in Data: https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/land-area-km?tab=chart&country=~ZMB"]}
Mean-Motion Resonances in the Quadrantid Meteoroid Stream and Dynamic Evolution of Dust Trail of (196256) 2003 EH1
Creators: name: Sambarov, Georgy E.
name: Kartashova, Anna P.
name: Galushina, Tatyana Yu.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The paper presents numerical models of mean-motion resonances detected in the Quadrantid meteoroid stream consisting of particles of mass 0.003 to 0.03 g, which helps to prove the presence of the following mean-motion resonances: the 1:9 resonance with Venus, 1:5 resonance with Earth, 1:3 and 3:8 resonances with Mars, and 2:1,7:3, 9:4 resonances with Jupiter. Resonance particles create dust trails far from the Earth orbit. Indeed, there is no observational support for resonant effects in the observed Quadrantid meteoroid stream.
Dimension-8 M-operators for Vector Boson Scattering: a UV complete model and its Effective Field Theory
Creators: name: Dietrich-Siebert, Heiko
Publisher: name: Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT)
Year: 2023
Subjects: VBS
Vector Boson
EFT
Effective Field Theory
BSM
Minimal Dark Matter
Dimension-8
anomalous quartic gauge couplings
aQGC
aTGC
anomalous couplings

description: VBS-Prozesse (Vector Bosonen Streuung) bieten eine hervorragende Möglichkeit, quartische Eichkopplungen am LHC zu untersuchen. Eine gängige Methode zur Parametrisierung anomaler quartischer (aQGC) und dreifacher (aTGC) Eichkopplungen ist die Verwendung effektiver Feldtheorien (EFT). Für rein transversale Vektorbosonenstreuung wurde gezeigt, dass es Modelle gibt, bei denen Effekte in der EFT zuerst in den aQGC und damit in Dimension 8 auftreten sollten. Für die Streuung von zwei longitudinalen und zwei transversalen Vektorbosonen fehlt eine solche Analyse jedoch noch.\\ In dieser Arbeit wird eine Klasse von Modellen vorgestellt, die mehrere SU(2)$_L$-Fermionenmultipletts enthalten, welche in der Lage sind, die Streuung von Vektorbosonen mit gemischten Helizitäten zu verstärken. Die Beiträge dieser Modelle zu den Propagatoren von Vektor-Bosonen und Higgs-Boson, zu den drei und vier Teilchen Vertexen werden berechnet und eine EFT wird als Niedrigenergie-Näherung dieser Modelle konstruiert. Die Auswirkungen der Modelle werden für die Dileptonenproduktion, die Vektorbosonenproduktion, anomale Higgs-Kopplungen, On-Shell-VBS und On-Shell-Higgs-Bosonenpaarproduktion analysiert. Die Auswirkungen des Modells und seiner EFT werden verglichen und die Qualität der EFT als Annäherung des vollständige Modells wird bewertet. Abschließend wird ein Ausblick gegeben, wo man nach dieser Art von Modellen suchen sollte.
Exponentially more precise quantum simulation of fermions I: Quantum chemistry in second quantization
Creators: name: Babbush, Ryan
name: Berry, Dominic W.
name: Kivlichan, Ian D.
name: Wei, Annie Y.
name: Love, Peter J.
name: Aspuru-Guzik, Alán
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce novel algorithms for the quantum simulation of molecular systems which are asymptotically more efficient than those based on the Trotter-Suzuki decomposition. We present the first application of a recently developed technique for simulating Hamiltonian evolution using a truncated Taylor series to obtain logarithmic scaling with the inverse of the desired precision, an exponential improvement over all prior methods. The two algorithms developed in this work rely on a second quantized encoding of the wavefunction in which the state of an $N$ spin-orbital system is encoded in ${\cal O}(N)$ qubits. Our first algorithm requires at most $\widetilde{\cal O}(N^8 t)$ gates. Our second algorithm involves on-the-fly computation of molecular integrals, in a way that is exponentially more precise than classical sampling methods, by using the truncated Taylor series simulation technique. Our second algorithm has the lowest gate count of any approach to second quantized quantum chemistry simulation in the literature, scaling as $\widetilde{\cal O}(N^{5} t)$. The approaches presented here are readily applicable to a wide class of fermionic models, many of which are defined by simplified versions of the chemistry Hamiltonian.
description: 13 pages, 1 figure. Part I of a two-paper series. For Part II see arXiv:1506.01029
Analysis of Land-Energy-Water Interactions in two alternative hypothetical scenarios for Peru using OSeMOSYS tool.
Creators: name: Ruiz Elias Elias Roman
name: Vicencio Damian Joel Nestor
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: CLEWs
OSeMOSYS
Sustainable development

description: This poster present context, aim, research questions, simple consolidated model of CLEWs, results, conlcusions, and references of an analysis of Land-Energy-Water Interactions in two alternative hypothetical scenarios for Peru using OSeMOSYS tool.
description: {"references": ["T. Niet, A. Shivakumar, F. Gardumi, W. Usher, E. Williams, M. Howells,\u00a0Developing a community of practice around an open source energy modelling tool,\u00a0Energy Strategy Reviews,\u00a0Volume 35,\u00a02021, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.esr.2021.100650.", "F. Gardumi, A. Shivakumar, R. Morrison, C. Taliotis, O. Broad, A. Beltramo, V. Sridharan, M. Howells, J. H\u00f6rsch, T. Niet, Y. Almulla, E. Ramos, T. Burandt, G. Pe\u00f1a Balderrama, G. Pinto de Moura, E. Zepeda, T. Alfstad,\u00a0From the development of an open-source energy modelling tool to its application and the creation of communities of practice: The example of OSeMOSYS,\u00a0Energy Strategy Reviews,\u00a0Volume 20,\u00a02018,\u00a0Pages 209-228,\u00a0ISSN 2211-467X,\u00a0https://doi.org/10.1016/j.esr.2018.03.005.", "Climate Compatible Growth, (n.d.). Energy & Transport Starter Data Kits. Obtained from Energy & Transport Starter Data Kits: https://climatecompatiblegrowth.com/starter-kits/", "Oxford Martin School, (n.d.). Our World in Data. Obtained from Our World in Data: https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/land-area-km?tab=chart&country=~ZMB"]}
Facile Fabrication of Tumor Redox-Sensitive Nanoassemblies of Small-Molecule Oleate Prodrug as Potent Chemotherapeutic Nanomedicine
Creators: name: Liu, Dan
name: Goodwin, Tyler Jay
name: Miao, Lei
name: Luo, Cong
name: Huang, Leaf
name: Sun, Bingjun
name: Sun, Jin
name: He, Zhonggui
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: The conjugate of paclitaxel (PTX) and docosahexaenoic acid has entered into clinical trials. However, the most recent clinical outcomes fell short of expectations, due to the extremely slow drug release from the hydrophobic conjugates. Herein, a novel prodrug-based nanoplatform self-assembled by the disulfide bond linked conjugates of PTX and oleic acid for rapid and differential release of PTX in tumor cells is reported. This redox-responsive prodrug-nanosystem demonstrates multiple therapeutic advantages, including one-step facile fabrication, high drug-loading efficiency (56%, w/w), on-demand drug release responding to redox stimuli, as well as favorable cellular uptake and biodistribution. These advantages result in significantly enhanced antitumor efficacy in vivo, with the tumor almost completely disappearing in mice. Such a uniquely engineered prodrug-nanosystem has great potential to be used as potent chemotherapeutic nanomedicine in clinical cancer therapy.
Importing and exploring the kramerian theory of musical postmodernism within contemporary Jazz performance
Creators: name: Carter, James Stuart Read
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2016
Subjects: Art

description: Jonathan Kramer specifies that musical postmodernism is capable of both embracing and repudiating history. This performance portfolio incorporates Kramer's ideas along with Crook's, Evans's and Galper's practical approaches for an investigation into the manipulation of melodic and rhythmic elements of improvisation via my simultaneous acceptance and rejection of American saxophonist Lee Konitz's musical language. Additional material(s) submitted with thesis.
Fast Traveling-Wave Reactor of the Channel Type
Creators: name: Rusov, Vitaliy D.
name: Tarasov, Victor A.
name: Vashchenko, Volodymyr N.
name: Chernezhenko, Sergei A.
name: Kakaev, Andrei A.
name: Pantak, Oksana I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The main aim of this paper is to solve the technological problems of the TWR based on the technical concept described in our priority of invention reference, which makes it impossible, in particular, for the fuel claddings damaging doses of fast neutrons to excess the ~200 dpa limit. Thus the essence of the technical concept is to provide a given neutron flux at the fuel claddings by setting the appropriate speed of the fuel motion relative to the nuclear burning wave. The basic design of the fast uranium-plutonium nuclear traveling-wave reactor with a softened neutron spectrum is developed, which solves the problem of the radiation resistance of the fuel claddings material.
description: 18 pages, 5 figures, 2 tables
Ilex subrotunda Doweld 2019
Creators: name: Doweld, Alexander B.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Aquifoliales
Aquifoliaceae
Ilex
Ilex subrotunda

description: Ilex subrotunda Doweld (2019: 183)
 Notes:—The invalidly published fossil-species Ilex ohashii Huzioka (1963: 208), nom. inval. (Art. 40.1 of the ICN), was replaced by a new designation, Ilex subrotunda Doweld, sp. nov., reflecting the putative relationships of the fossils with the extant species I. rotunda Thunberg (in Murray 1784: 168). The same type of fossil Pleistocene foliage from Japan was previously published under the name Ilex heeri Nathorst (1883: 62), but this is a later homonym of the fossil-species Ilex heeri Sieber (1880: 87) from the European Bartonian sediments. Therefore, the later homonym Ilex heeri Nathorst (1883) non Sieber (1880) could not be used in place of I. ohashii, as was incorrectly synonymized by Tanai (1976: 332). The newly proposed name Ilex subrotunda Doweld (2019) should stand the only correct name for this type of leaf fossils.
description: Published as part of Doweld, Alexander B., 2022, New names of Ilex and Ilexpollenites (Aquifoliaceae), extant and fossil: Addendum Notulae Systematicae ad Palaeofloram Europaeam spectantes II. Aquifoliaceae, pp. 143-146 in Phytotaxa 531 (2) on page 144, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.531.2.7, http://zenodo.org/record/5869344
Learning to Optimise Wind Farms with Graph Transformers
Creators: name: Li, Siyi
name: Robert, Arnaud
name: Faisal, A. Aldo
name: Piggott, Matthew D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: This work proposes a novel data-driven model capable of providing accurate predictions for the power generation of all wind turbines in wind farms of arbitrary layout, yaw angle configurations and wind conditions. The proposed model functions by encoding a wind farm into a fully-connected graph and processing the graph representation through a graph transformer. The graph transformer surrogate is shown to generalise well and is able to uncover latent structural patterns within the graph representation of wind farms. It is demonstrated how the resulting surrogate model can be used to optimise yaw angle configurations using genetic algorithms, achieving similar levels of accuracy to industrially-standard wind farm simulation tools while only taking a fraction of the computational cost.
Whole and object: groundwork for a new metaphysics of objects and the language of existence
Creators: name: Podosky, Paul-Mikhail
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2016
Subjects: Marine Biology

description: What it is to be an object and what it is to be a whole are separate enterprises: answering the former is doing ontology, and answering the latter is not. By providing this distinction, a new metaphysics of objects emerges. The positing of a whole is a referential gesture, either by ostension or naming, and the alleged object is postulated without consideration of internal causal operations between its parts. An object, however, requires careful physical explanation. I explicate the concept of object as an ontological function which takes mereological sums as arguments, and by causal operations on the members of that sum as structural relata, returns holistic properties of a singular entity. With the revised notions of whole and object in mind, I consider what implications this bears on existential quantification. Following Meinong, I believe that the existential quantifier does not capture existence. Instead, I argue that the existential quantifier expresses a mereological notion of countability; the collecting of things as one. The existential status of a counted entity is left unstated until it is explicitly asserted as existing by a speaker, in the mental frame of a realist attitude, and this expression of existence is captured by the existence predicate. The existence of the counted entity, the alleged object, is confirmed or denied as an object in light of whether it satisfies the conditions specified by an endorsed theory of causally productive relations; the conditions under which something is an object.
Effects of an additional dimension in the Young experiment
Creators: name: Barros, Allan Kardec
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The results of the Young experiment can be analyzed either by classical or Quantum Physics. The later one though leads to a more complete interpretation, based on two different patterns that appear when one works either with single or double slits. Here we show that the two patterns can be derived from a single principle, in the context of General Relativity, if one assumes an additional spatial dimension to the four known today. The found equations yield the same results as those in Quantum Mechanics.
Urania Propitia
Creators: name: Falconer, Isobel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: History and Overview (math.HO)
subject: History and Philosophy of Physics (physics.hist-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 01A45

description: A brief account of Maria Cunitz's book Urania Propitia, commemorating the bequest of a rare copy to the London Mathematical Society by Dr A.E.L. Davis in 2020.
description: 2 pages. For the published version in the LMS Newsletter, see pp 8-9 of https://www.lms.ac.uk/sites/default/files/inline-files/NLMS_496_for%20web_0.pdf
Neighborhood and Family Environment of Expectant Mothers May Influence Prenatal Programming of Adult Cancer Risk: Discussion and an Illustrative DNA Methylation Example
Creators: name: Murphy, Susan K.
name: Hoyo, Cathrine
name: Scarbrough, Peter
name: King, Katherine E.
name: Kane, Jennifer B.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: Childhood stressors including physical abuse predict adult cancer risk. Prior research portrays this finding as indirect through coping behaviors including adult smoking or through increased toxic exposures during childhood. Little is known about potential direct causal mechanisms between early-life stressors and adult cancer. Because prenatal conditions can affect gene expression by altering DNA methylation with implications for adult health, we hypothesize that maternal stress may program methylation of cancer-linked genes during gametogenesis.
The use of elastic therapeutic tape for treatment of lateral elbow tendinosis
Creators: name: Raewyn Lin Wegener
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2017
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: The development of this thesis arose from my clinical experience as a hand therapist in a private practice setting. As is shown in the literature, lateral elbow tendinosis is a common, yet complex, upper limb condition that is associated with long term morbidity. Due to its degenerative aetiology, research has supported a shift away from surgery and the use of passive interventions, such as immobilisation with splinting, ultrasound, massage and the use of thermal modalities. Despite this evidence, it was my observation that these treatment modalities were still commonly used amongst therapists, including myself, who were attempting to manage the complexities of this patient population. In particular, elastic therapeutic tape was used extensively for tendinosis within the practice I worked, despite a lack of supporting evidence into its use. When further examining this condition, I was led to question my own clinical practice to ensure I was implementing interventions that were in line with the literature. As a health professional, I felt strongly about working within an evidence-based practice model.

 These concepts listed above have been explored within this thesis, based on the frameworks of the Biomechanical Model (which is prevalent in Hand Therapy), the Occupational Adaptation Model (OAM) and the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF). A variety of methodologies have been utilised to address the above clinical questions, including a scoping review, cross-sectional study, case series, qualitative methodology and a randomised controlled trial. This forms the basis of the five publications that comprise Chapters 3 to 7. All studies supported existing research that passive interventions, including elastic therapeutic tape, have little impact on this condition. Overall, findings also revealed that:

 1. Elastic therapeutic tape for lateral elbow tendinosis is no more effective than sham taping or eccentric exercises at six-months post randomisation. Evidence supports activity modification and exercises as successful interventions for this condition.

 2. Lateral elbow tendinosis is complex and treatment should be carefully considered based on a clear diagnosis, duration of symptoms, awareness of patient experiences and use of evidence-based interventions.

 3. Further examination into elastic therapeutic tape for upper limb conditions is warranted, especially in relation to comparisons between acute and chronic conditions.
title:  Dante, araldo del Risorgimento italiano nella Russia zarista
Creators: name: Guida  ,  Francesco
Publisher: name: Roma TrE-Press
Year: 2022

description: La fama e il culto di Dante Alighieri giunsero anche in Russia nel XIX secolo. A diffondere la loro conoscenza e una interpretazione culturale e politica legata al progetto risorgimentale italiano, fu Michelangelo Pinto. Romano, noto soprattutto come codirettore con Leopoldo Spini del giornale satirico Il don Pirlone, era andato in esilio dopo la caduta della Repubblica Romana. Approdato in Russia grazie alla conoscenza di personalità come Turgenev e altri, vi restò circa un quarto di secolo, insegnando all’Università imperiale di San Pietroburgo e svolgendovi le funzioni di console per moltissimi anni. Volle peraltro fondare proprio nel 1865, sesto centenario della nascita di Dante, la Società italiana di beneficenza. Le sue lezioni su Dante (come su altri letterati italiani) e i suoi ampi scritti sul Fiorentino ne fecero conoscere un profilo di profeta del Risorgimento e di massimo contributore della costituzione della nazione italiana.
description: Dante e la politica: dal passato al presente
Ilex mougeotii Heer 1857
Creators: name: Doweld, Alexander B.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Aquifoliales
Aquifoliaceae
Ilex
Ilex mougeotii

description: Ilex mougeotii Heer (1857: 72, pl. 122: 19–19b).
 Type:—[fossil leaves] Öhningen, Landkreis Konstanz, Baden-Württemberg, Germany (lectotype, designated here, B 702/1494, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule, Palaeobotanische Sammlung, Zürich, Switzerland-illustrated by Heer 1857: pl. 122: 19).
 Occurrence:—Upper Miocene (Tortonian); Eurasia (Europe).
 IFPNI:— 76ACE857-EF4D-4209-8FE7-A0A9AB5DC0DF.
description: Published as part of Doweld, Alexander B., 2019, New names for Ilex and Ilexpollenites (Aquifoliaceae), extant and fossil. Notulae Systematicae ad Palaeofloram Europaeam spectantes II. Aquifoliaceae, pp. 179-191 in Phytotaxa 388 (2) on page 185, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.388.2.5, http://zenodo.org/record/13725355
Population Distributions of Thymic Function in Adults: Variation by Sociodemographic Characteristics and Health Status
Creators: name: Zhou, Xuan
name: Ferrando-Martínez, Sara
name: Aiello, Allison E.
name: Uddin, Monica
name: Feinstein, Lydia
name: Wildman, Derek E.
name: Sempowski, Gregory D.
name: Leal, Manuel
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: The thymus is critical for mounting an effective immune response and maintaining health. However, epidemiologic studies characterizing thymic function in the population setting are lacking. Using data from 263 adults in the Detroit Neighborhood Health Study, we examined thymic function as measured by the number of signal joint T-cell receptor excision circles (sjTREC) and assessed associations with established indicators of physiological health. Overall, increasing age and male gender were significantly associated with reduced thymic function. Adjusting for covariates, individuals with elevated levels of the pro-inflammatory biomarkers C-reactive protein (β: −0.50 [95% CI: −0.82, −0.18] for moderate elevation; β: −0.29 [95% CI: −0.59, 0.00] for high elevation) and interleukin-6 (β: −0.60 [95% CI: −0.92, −0.28] for moderate elevation; β: −0.43 [95% CI: −0.77, −0.08] for severe elevation) also had lower thymic function. Compared to individuals with a BMI <25, individuals who were overweight (β: 0.36 [95% CI: 0.07, 0.64]) or obese (β: 0.27 [95% CI: −0.03, 0.56]) had higher thymic function. Differences by self-rated health were not statistically significant. Our findings underscore demographic- and health-related gradients in thymic function among adult residents of Detroit, suggesting thymic function may be an important biomarker of health status in adults at the population level.
Influence of interstitial Mn on local structure and magnetism in Mn$_{1+δ}$Sb
Creators: name: Kurzman, Joshua A.
name: Martinolich, Andrew J.
name: Neilson, James R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report x-ray total scattering and pair distribution function (PDF) studies of the structural relaxation around interstitial manganese (Mn$_i$) in ferromagnetic Mn$_{1+δ}$Sb ($0.03 \le δ\le 0.23$) alloys, guided by density functional theory (DFT). Refinements to the experimental PDF using a crystallographically constrained structural model indicate an expansion in the equatorial plane of the Mn$_i$Sb$_5$ trigonal bipyramidal site, which introduces significant positional disorder in addition to the nominally-random occupation of interstitial voids. Observation of a weak diffuse signal near the symmetry-forbidden (001) reflection position is indicative of correlated disorder from the clustering of Mn$_i$. Density functional relaxation of supercells approximating the $δ= 0.08$, $0.15,$ and $0.23$ compositions provides improved models that accurately describe the short-range structural distortions captured in the PDFs. Such structural relaxation increases the DFT calculated moment on Mn$_i$, which aligns antiparallel to the primary Mn moments, but leads to insubstantial changes in the average Mn and Sb moments and moments of Mn and Sb proximal to interstitials, thus providing a more accurate description of the observed bulk magnetic properties.
description: 10 pages, 9 figures. Supplemental material available upon request
On the Stability of (M theory) Stars against Collapse : Role of Anisotropic Pressures
Creators: name: Rama, S. Kalyana
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Unitarity of evolution in gravitational collapses implies existence of macroscopic stable horizonless objects. With such objects in mind, we study the effects of anisotropy of pressures on the stability of stars. We consider stars in four or higher dimensions and also stars in M theory made up of (intersecting) branes. Taking the stars to be static, spherically symmetric and the equations of state to be linear, we study `singular solutions' and the asymptotic perturbations around them. Oscillatory perturbations are likely to imply instability. We find that non oscillatory perturbations, which may imply stability, are possible if an appropriate amount of anisotropy is present. This result suggests that it may be possible to have stable horizonless objects in four or any higher dimensions, and that anisotropic pressures may play a crucial role in ensuring their stability.
description: Version 3: 44 pages. To be published in International Journal of Modern Physics A
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Creators: name: Izk‐MkW‐Fcjknkj IzfrHkk Jaxjko 1  NRrkjke Ek/Kojko Hkkslys2
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description: izLrkouk & vkiys vkpkj] fopkj ] /;s;] /kksj.kkOnkjs lektkleksj vkn’kZ Bso.kkjs cgwtulektkpk usrk ,d vkn’kZ jktk jkt”khZ ‘kkgw egkjkt ;kauh loZlkekU; ek.klkaps dY;k.k dj.ks gs vkiys drZO; ek.kwu lkekftd ]vkfFkZd ]’kS{kf.kd dk;kZP;k ek/;ekrwu ftouHkj dk;Z dsys- Lora«;kiwohZ dSdo”kZ vxksnj lerk ]ca/kwrk ]/keZfujis{krk loZ ?kVdkauk fodklkph lekula/kh gh rRos jkt”khZ ‘kkgw egkjktkauh dksYgkiwj laLFkkukr vkeykr vk.kyh - vkiY;k dk;kZewGs jkt”khZ ‘kkgw egkjkt gs dsoG vkiY;k laLFkkukrp ukgh rj HkkjrHkj yksdfiz; >kys-dkuiwjP;k dwehZ {ksf=; lektk.ks 1919 lkyh jkt”khZ ‘kkgw egkjktkauk ^jkt”khZ* gh mik/kh fnyh- ns’kHkjke/;s ^egkjktkaps egkjkt* vlk R;kapk xkSjo dsyk tkrks- R;kapk tUefnol gk ^lkekftd U;k; fnol* Eg.kwu lktjk dsyk tkrks-vk/kwfud dkGkr egkjk”V/kr >kysY;k lkekftd lw/kkj.ksP;k bfrgkl ikgrkauk jkt”khZ ‘kkgw egkjktkaps dk;Z gs eksykps vkgs- loZlkekU; yksdkaps dY;k.k dj.ks] cgwtu lektkph ikjaikjhd ca/kukrwu lwVdk dj.ks ]R;kauk lwf’kf{kr o izxr cufo.ks o R;kaP;kr tkx`rh ?kMowu vk.k.ks gs drZO; ekuwu vk;w”;Hkj dk;Z dsys- ‘kkgw egkjktkauh lektkrhy oafpr misf{kr ?kVdkapk dSokj ?ksryk- tkrhO;oLFksyk vkOgku nsowu vLi`’;rsps fuokj.k dj.;klkBh R;kauh izLrkfirkaP;k fo:/n rhoz la?k”kZ dsyk- ^jktnaM gh ‘kksHksph oLrw ulwu rs lsosps lk/ku vkgs*vls ekuwu vkiys drZ`Ro vkf.k flagklu iukyk ykowu vkBjkixMh tkrhP;k fuj{kj iztsP;k f’k{k.kklkBh R;kauh dk;Z dsys- jkt”khZ ‘kkgw egkjktkauh egkRek Qqys ;kaP;kizek.ks lkekftd lw/kkj.ksP;k dk;kZr f’k{k.kkyk izew[k LFkku fnys- f’k{k.k gk loZ fodklkpk ik;k vkgs rlsp lekftd ifjorZu ?kMowu vk.k.;kpk ,deso ekxZ vkgs vls ‘kkgw egkjkt Eg.kr- jkt”khZ ‘kkgw egkjktkauh xjhc o ekxkl ?kVdkauk MksG;kleksj Bsowu ‘kS{kf.kd /kksj.ks fuekZ.k dsyh-
Cumulative stress in childhood is associated with blunted reward-related brain activity in adulthood
Creators: name: Carré, Justin M.
name: Hanson, Jamie L.
name: Dodge, Kenneth A.
name: Albert, Dustin
name: Iselin, Anne-Marie R.
name: Hariri, Ahmad R.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: Early life stress (ELS) is strongly associated with negative outcomes in adulthood, including reduced motivation and increased negative mood. The mechanisms mediating these relations, however, are poorly understood. We examined the relation between exposure to ELS and reward-related brain activity, which is known to predict motivation and mood, at age 26, in a sample followed since kindergarten with annual assessments. Using functional neuroimaging, we assayed individual differences in the activity of the ventral striatum (VS) during the processing of monetary rewards associated with a simple card-guessing task, in a sample of 72 male participants. We examined associations between a cumulative measure of ELS exposure and VS activity in adulthood. We found that greater levels of cumulative stress during childhood and adolescence predicted lower reward-related VS activity in adulthood. Extending this general developmental pattern, we found that exposure to stress early in development (between kindergarten and grade 3) was significantly associated with variability in adult VS activity. Our results provide an important demonstration that cumulative life stress, especially during this childhood period, is associated with blunted reward-related VS activity in adulthood. These differences suggest neurobiological pathways through which a history of ELS may contribute to reduced motivation and increased negative mood.
Ilex rueminiana Heer 1857
Creators: name: Doweld, Alexander B.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Aquifoliales
Aquifoliaceae
Ilex
Ilex rueminiana

description: Ilex rueminiana Heer (1857: 72, pl. 122: 22–23).
 Type:—[fossil leaves] Monod, Chexbres, Rivaz, Switzerland (lectotype, designated here, 3059, 3 A, 45, 20359, Musée de Géologie Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland-illustrated by Heer 1857: pl. 122: 22).
 Occurrence:—Upper Oligocene (Chattian); Eurasia (Europe).
 IFPNI:— 76ACE857-EF4D-4209-8FE7-A0A9AB5DC0DF.
description: Published as part of Doweld, Alexander B., 2019, New names for Ilex and Ilexpollenites (Aquifoliaceae), extant and fossil. Notulae Systematicae ad Palaeofloram Europaeam spectantes II. Aquifoliaceae, pp. 179-191 in Phytotaxa 388 (2) on page 185, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.388.2.5, http://zenodo.org/record/13725355
Robust fractional programming
Creators: name: Gorissen, Bram L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: G.1.6
subject: 90C32

description: We extend Robust Optimization to fractional programming, where both the objective and the constraints contain uncertain parameters. Earlier work did not consider uncertainty in both the objective and the constraints, or did not use Robust Optimization. Our contribution is threefold. First, we provide conditions to guarantee that either a globally optimal solution, or a sequence converging to the globally optimal solution, can be found by solving one or more convex optimization problems. Second, we identify two cases for which an exact solution can be obtained by solving a single optimization problem: (1) when uncertainty in the numerator is independent from the uncertainty in the denominator, and (2) when the denominator does not contain an optimization variable. Third, we show that the general problem can be solved with an (iterative) root finding method. The results are demonstrated on a return-on-investment maximization problem, data envelopment analysis, and mean-variance optimization. We find that the robust optimal solution is only slightly more robust than the nominal solution. As a side-result, we use Robust Optimization to show that two existing methods for solving fractional programs are dual to each other.
Horizonless, singularity-free, compact shells satisfying NEC
Creators: name: Shankar, Karthik H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Gravitational collapse singularities are undesirable, yet inevitable to a large extent in General Relativity. When matter satisfying null energy condition collapses to the extent a closed trapped surface is formed, a singularity is inevitable according to Penrose's singularity theorem. Since positive mass vacuum solutions are generally black holes with trapped surfaces inside the event horizon, matter cannot collapse to an arbitrarily small size without generating a singularity. However, in modified theories of gravity where positive mass vacuum solutions are naked singularities with no trapped surfaces, it is reasonable to expect that matter can collapse to an arbitrarily small size without generating a singularity. Here we examine this possibility in the context of a modified theory of gravity with torsion in an extra dimension. We study singularity-free static shell solutions to evaluate the validity of the null energy condition on the shell. We find that with sufficiently high pressure, matter can be collapsed to arbitrarily small size without violating the null energy condition and without producing a singularity.
description: 14 pages, 1 figure
Surveying the mass spectra and the electromagnetic properties of the $Ξ_c^{(\prime,*)} D^{(*)}$ molecular pentaquarks
Creators: name: Wang, Fu-Lai
name: Liu, Xiang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Motivated by the observed $P_{ψs}^Λ(4459)/P_{ψs}^Λ(4338)$ and $T_{cc}(3875)^+$ states as the $Ξ_c \bar D^{*}/Ξ_c \bar D$ and $DD^{*}$ molecular candidates, respectively, in this work we investigate the $Ξ_c^{(\prime,*)} D^{(*)}$ molecular systems. We obtain the mass spectra and the corresponding spatial wave functions of the $Ξ_c^{(\prime,*)} D^{(*)}$-type double-charm molecular pentaquark candidates with single strangeness, where we utilise the one-boson-exchange model and take into account both the $S$-$D$ wave mixing effect and the coupled channel effect. Our results show that the most promising candidates of the double-charm molecular pentaquarks with single strangeness include the $Ξ_c D$ state with $I(J^P)=0(1/2^-)$, the $Ξ_c^{\prime} D$ state with $I(J^P)=0(1/2^-)$, the $Ξ_c D^{*}$ states with $I(J^P)=0(1/2^-,3/2^-)$, the $Ξ_c^{*} D$ state with $I(J^P)=0(3/2^-)$, the $Ξ_c^{\prime} D^{*}$ states with $I(J^P)=0(1/2^-,3/2^-)$, and the $Ξ_c^{*} D^{*}$ states with $I(J^P)=0(1/2^-,3/2^-,5/2^-)$. To gain further insight into the inner structures and the properties of the isoscalar $Ξ_c^{(\prime,*)} D^{(*)}$ molecular candidates, we utilize the constituent quark model to analyze their M1 radiative decay behaviors and magnetic moments based on the obtained mass spectra and spatial wave functions, which can offer the significant information to determine their spin-parity quantum numbers and configurations in the forthcoming experiments. We suggest that our experimental colleagues search for the predicted $Ξ_c^{(\prime,*)} D^{(*)}$ molecular states.
description: 21 pages, 4 figure, and 12 tables
Contrast enhancements of vowels in standard German
Creators: name: Coren, Amy Elizabeth
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 2005
Subjects: Contrast enhancement
Phonetics
Language
Adaptive Dispersion

description: In an earlier cross-language study (Hay et al. 2003), three possible means of contrast enhancement were examined for vowels in focused words. It was found that languages use some, but not all, means of contrast enhancement to signal new, or focused, information in an utterance. These findings support the Theory of Adaptive Dispersion (Lindblom 1986,1990; Diehl & Lindblom 2002), which states that talkers seek to provide a sufficient degree of distinctiveness while minimizing the effort needed to achieve this distinctiveness. In the current study, the same means of contrast enhancement, viz. enlargement of the vowel space, greater use of vowel inherent spectral change, (VISC) (Nearey & Assmann 1986), and greater systematic variation in duration across vowel categories, were examined in Standard German. It was predicted that when phonetic differences are phonologically distinctive (rather than merely allophonic), those differences will tend to be exaggerated when they occur in utterance focus. Hay et al. (2003) reported evidence supporting this prediction. Vowel duration differences in Japanese, a language in which vowel length is phonemic, were increased in utterance focus position. However this did not occur in either English or French, languages in which differences in vowel duration are allophonic. Results from the current study are supportive of the earlier Hay et al. (2003) research. In Standard German, where length is phonemic, speakers make less use of VISC and greater use of durational variation to enhance vowel distinctions. These results suggest that the phonological properties of a language (e.g. phonemic vowel length difference) are predictive of the particular means used by the language to enhance vowel contrasts in utterance focus
Effects of oxytocin administration on spirituality and emotional responses to meditation
Creators: name: Way, Baldwin M.
name: Fredrickson, Barbara L.
name: Isgett, Suzannah F.
name: Van Cappellen, Patty
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: The oxytocin (OT) system, critically involved in social bonding, may also impinge on spirituality, which is the belief in a meaningful life imbued with a sense of connection to a Higher Power and/or the world. Midlife male participants (N = 83) were randomly assigned to receive intranasal OT or placebo. In exploratory analyses, participants were also genotyped for polymorphisms in two genes critical for OT signaling, the oxytocin receptor gene (OXTR rs53576) and CD38 (rs6449182 and rs3796863). Results showed that intranasal OT increased self-reported spirituality on two separate measures and this effect remained significant a week later. It also boosted participants’ experience of specific positive emotions during meditation, at both explicit and implicit levels. Furthermore, the effect of OT on spirituality was moderated by OT-related genotypes. These results provide the first experimental evidence that spirituality, endorsed by millions worldwide, appears to be supported by OT.
Celastrilex Doweld 2019, gen. nov.
Creators: name: Doweld, Alexander B.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Aquifoliales
Aquifoliaceae
Celastrilex

description: Celastrilex Doweld, gen. nov.
Description:—Leaves petiolate, ovate-elliptical, abruptly rounded to the decurrent base and narrowed to a pointed apex; margins entire, or along the sides provided with minute, sharp, upward-pointing teeth. Midrib slender and straight, with 6–7 to 9 pairs of thin, opposite or alternate secondaries, which arise at an angle of about 40°, much curved upward and apparently arch around just inside the margin. Veinlets very fine, mainly simple, oblique to the secondaries.
 Type:— Celastrilex artocarpidioides (Lesquereux) Doweld, comb. nov.
Stratigraphy:—Palaeocene.
IFPNI:— EF477B17-9DEC-B728-931E-46AB31F48C46.
 Etymology:—Combination of two bases of extant generic names, Celastrus Linnaeus (1753: 196) and Ilex (1753: 125).
description: Published as part of Doweld, Alexander B., 2019, New names for Ilex and Ilexpollenites (Aquifoliaceae), extant and fossil. Notulae Systematicae ad Palaeofloram Europaeam spectantes II. Aquifoliaceae, pp. 179-191 in Phytotaxa 388 (2) on page 186, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.388.2.5, http://zenodo.org/record/13725355
Entanglement in Fock space of random QFT states
Creators: name: Magan, Javier M.
name: Vandoren, Stefan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Entanglement in random states has turned into a useful approach to quantum thermalization and black hole physics. In this article, we refine and extend the `random unitaries framework' to quantum field theories (QFT), and to include conserved charges. We show that in QFT, the connection between typical states, reduced subsystems and thermal dynamics is more transparent within the Fock basis. We provide generic formulae for the typical reduced density matrices and entanglement entropies of any given subset of particles. To illustrate our methods, we apply the generic framework to the simplest but non trivial cases, a massless scalar field in two dimensions and its generalization to the case of N scalar fields, including the large N limit. We find the effective temperature, by matching the reduced dynamics to a Gibbs ensemble, and derive the equation of state of the QFT. The deviations from perfect thermality are shown to be of order 1/S instead of exp(-S), a result which might be relevant for black hole physics. Finally we describe the analogue of the so-called `Page curve' in the QFT scenario as a function of the energy scale which divides high from low energy degrees of freedom.
description: 45 pages, 6 Figures
The Temporal Structure of Language Processing in the Human Brain Corresponds to The Layered Hierarchy of Deep Language Models
Creators: name: Goldstein, Ariel
name: Ham, Eric
name: Schain, Mariano
name: Nastase, Samuel
name: Zada, Zaid
name: Dabush, Avigail
name: Aubrey, Bobbi
name: Gazula, Harshvardhan
name: Feder, Amir
name: Doyle, Werner K
name: Devore, Sasha
name: Dugan, Patricia
name: Friedman, Daniel
name: Reichart, Roi
name: Brenner, Michael
name: Hassidim, Avinatan
name: Devinsky, Orrin
name: Flinker, Adeen
name: Levy, Omer
name: Hasson, Uri
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Deep Language Models (DLMs) provide a novel computational paradigm for understanding the mechanisms of natural language processing in the human brain. Unlike traditional psycholinguistic models, DLMs use layered sequences of continuous numerical vectors to represent words and context, allowing a plethora of emerging applications such as human-like text generation. In this paper we show evidence that the layered hierarchy of DLMs may be used to model the temporal dynamics of language comprehension in the brain by demonstrating a strong correlation between DLM layer depth and the time at which layers are most predictive of the human brain. Our ability to temporally resolve individual layers benefits from our use of electrocorticography (ECoG) data, which has a much higher temporal resolution than noninvasive methods like fMRI. Using ECoG, we record neural activity from participants listening to a 30-minute narrative while also feeding the same narrative to a high-performing DLM (GPT2-XL). We then extract contextual embeddings from the different layers of the DLM and use linear encoding models to predict neural activity. We first focus on the Inferior Frontal Gyrus (IFG, or Broca's area) and then extend our model to track the increasing temporal receptive window along the linguistic processing hierarchy from auditory to syntactic and semantic areas. Our results reveal a connection between human language processing and DLMs, with the DLM's layer-by-layer accumulation of contextual information mirroring the timing of neural activity in high-order language areas.