cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Root distribution in young olive trees (Olea europaea cv. Chétoui) and agronomic application
Creators: name: Masmoudi-Charfi, C.
name: Masmoudi, M.
name: Ben Mechlia, N.
Publisher: name: Advances in Horticultural Science
Year: 2013

description: The study was carried out to have a comprehensive view of the root system behavior of young olive trees cultivated under field conditions. The experiment involved irrigated trees (Olea europaea L., cv., Chétoui) cultivated at 6x6 m2 spacing in Mornag (36.5°N, 10.2°E), northern Tunisia. The way in which roots explore the soil volume during the first years after planting was explored through ‘in situ’ root system drawings and estimation of root densities. The relationship between canopy and root growth parameters was also investigated. The last section of this paper proposes a methodological approach for determining irrigation requirements of young olive trees and how water supply could be linked to the development of canopy and root system during the first years of cultivation when ground cover and the root system are not completely developed. Some agronomic applications were then deduced concerning water and fertilizers for such orchards. Results show that the main development of the olive root system occurs during the two to four first years of cultivation confining most roots (70%) to the top soil layers (20-40 cm). Maximum root densities were observed at this depth at a distance of 0.4 m from trunks. For young trees, water and fertilizers should be supplied at these depths and distances from trunk to allow easy and efficient root absorption. Obtained results also show a significant relationship between canopy and root areas which can be approximated by a linear model (r = 0.94). The root-canopy ratio estimated from their areas decreased rapidly beginning from the second year after planting, resulting from the establishment of competition between vegetative growth and fruiting. The optimum ratio root length/leaf canopy area of 2.3 km m-2 was found for the six-year-old tree indicating good equilibrium between the above and underground parts. The mathematical model developed on the basis of canopy cover and root extension allows precise esti- mation of water needs taking into account the actual root surface. However, while the canopy cover measurement was relatively easy to carry out, it was much more difficult to determine the surface covered by the root system. Results obtained in the present work also show an over-estimation of water needs when the FAO method is adopted to estimate the evapotranspiration of young trees.
description: Advances in Horticultural Science, Vol 25 No 2 (2011)
Some problems in the spectral theory of the almost Mathieu operator
Creators: name: Konstantinov, Lyuben
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2022

description: I study the spectral properties of the almost Mathieu operator (AMO)—a well-known and well-studied self-adjoint bounded linear operator on l^2(Z) that is also a one-dimensional discrete Schrodinger operator. To begin with, by exploiting the chiral gauge transformation of the AMO, I derive a new formula in the style of the celebrated Chambers formula. This result, together with a perturbation theory approach based on Lidskii’s inequalities, is then used to obtain a sharper upper bound for the Lebesgue measure of the spectrum of the AMO in the case of rational frequency and critical coupling. I continue by establishing several estimates for the sizes of spectral gaps and bands, again for the case of rational frequency, but this time specifically for frequency having odd denominator. This latter work is conducted for a general (i.e., possibly non-critical) coupling constant, thereby generalising some key critical-case results of Krasovsky. The dissertation concludes with an appendix containing a rigorous proof for a variational principle due to Weyl that is occasionally quoted without reference in literature on the AMO.
Shoot-tips vitrification protocol for red chicory (Cichorium intybus L.) lines
Creators: name: Benelli, C.
name: Previati, A.
name: De Carlo, A.
name: Lambardi, M.
Publisher: name: Advances in Horticultural Science
Year: 2013

description: Shoot tips from in vitro stock plants of red chicory ‘Rosso di Chioggia’ line were cryopreserved by one-step vitrification. After two days of cold-hardening on hormone-free MS medium and loading for 30 min in a mixture of 2 M glycerol and 0.4 M sucrose at 25°C, shoot tips were dehydrated with PVS2 vitrification solution at 0°C for 60 min and plunged directly into liquid nitrogen. The post-thaw survival of shoot tips was achieved 79% when was cultured on recovery medium containing 0.5 mM BA. Observed regrowth, after six weeks of culture in the same medium composition, was 100%. Rooted cryopreserved microshoots showed good quality when transferred to the greenhouse. Preliminary results proved that the genetic fidelity of the cryopreserved line was maintained. The same vitrification protocol was then applied to three other red chicory lines, ‘Rosso di Treviso precoce’, ‘Rosso di Treviso tardivo’ and ‘Castelfranco’. A simple and effective protocol for the cryopreservation of red chicory shoot tips has been successfully developed as a result of this study.
description: Advances in Horticultural Science, Vol 25 No 1 (2011)
Bioequivalence Study of Levocetirizine Dihydrochloride 5 mg Tablets in Healthy Thai Male Volunteers
Creators: name: Isariya Techatanawat
Publisher: name: Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences KKU
Year: 2015
Subjects: Levocetirizine dihydrochloride
Levocetirizine
Pharmacokinetics
Bioequivalence
Liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry

description: Isan Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 11, 1, 79-88
Breakdown of long-wavelength magnons in cubic antiferromagnets with dipolar forces at small temperature
Creators: name: Batalov, L. A.
name: Syromyatnikov, A. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using $1/S$ expansion, we discuss the magnon spectrum of Heisenberg antiferromagnet (AF) on a simple cubic lattice with small dipolar interaction at small temperature $T\ll T_N$, where $T_N$ is the Neel temperature. Similar to 3D and 2D ferromagnets, quantum and thermal fluctuations renormalize greatly the bare gapless spectrum leading to a gap $Δ\sim ω_0$, where $ω_0$ is the characteristic dipolar energy. This gap is accompanied by anisotropic corrections to the free energy which make the cube edges easy directions for the staggered magnetization (dipolar anisotropy). In accordance with previous results, we find that dipolar forces split the magnon spectrum into two branches. This splitting makes possible two types of processes which lead to a considerable enhance of the damping compared to the Heisenberg AF: a magnon decay into two other magnons and a confluence of two magnons. It is found that magnons are well defined quasiparticles in quantum AF. We demonstrate however that a small fraction of long-wavelength magnons can be overdamped in AFs with $S\gg1$ and in quantum AFs with a single-ion anisotropy competing with the dipolar anisotropy. Particular materials are pointed out which can be suitable for experimental observation of this long-wavelength magnons breakdown that contradicts expectation of the quasiparticle concept.
Exploring Earth's Ionosphere and its effect on low radio frequency observation with the uGMRT and the SKA
Creators: name: Mangla, Sarvesh
name: Chakraborty, Sumanjit
name: Datta, Abhirup
name: Paul, Ashik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Earth's ionosphere introduces systematic effects that limit the performance of a radio interferometer at low frequencies ($\lesssim 1$\,GHz). These effects become more pronounced for severe geomagnetic activities or observations involving longer baselines of the interferometer. The uGMRT, a pathfinder for the Square Kilometre Array (SKA), is located in between the northern crest of the Equatorial Ionisation Anomaly (EIA) and the magnetic equator. Hence, this telescope is more prone to severe ionospheric conditions and is a unique radio interferometer for studying the ionosphere. Here, we present 235\,MHz observations with the GMRT, showing significant ionospheric activities over a solar minimum. In this work, we have characterised the ionospheric disturbances observed with the GMRT and compared them with ionospheric studies and observations with other telescopes like the VLA, MWA and LOFAR situated at different magnetic latitudes. We have estimated the ionospheric total electron content (TEC) gradient over the full GMRT array which shows an order of magnitude higher sensitivity compared to the Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS). Furthermore, this article uses the ionospheric characteristics estimated from the observations with uGMRT, VLA, LOFAR and MWA to forecast the effects on the low-frequency observations with the SKA1-MID and SKA1-LOW in future.
description: 15 Pages, 10 figures, 2 Tables, accepted for publication in The Journal of Astrophysics and Astronomy
Strengths of the resonances at 436, 479, 639, 661, and 1279 keV in the $^{22}$Ne(p,$γ$)$^{23}$Na reaction
Creators: name: Depalo, Rosanna
name: Cavanna, Francesca
name: Ferraro, Federico
name: Slemer, Alessandra
name: Al-Abdullah, Tariq
name: Akhmadaliev, Shavkat
name: Anders, Michael
name: Bemmerer, Daniel
name: Elekes, Zoltán
name: Mattei, Giovanni
name: Reinicke, Stefan
name: Schmidt, Konrad
name: Scian, Carlo
name: Wagner, Louis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The $^{22}$Ne(p,$γ$)$^{23}$Na reaction is included in the neon-sodium cycle of hydrogen burning. A number of narrow resonances in the Gamow window dominates the thermonuclear reaction rate. Several resonance strengths are only poorly known. As a result, the $^{22}$Ne(p,$γ$)$^{23}$Na thermonuclear reaction rate is the most uncertain rate of the cycle. Here, a new experimental study of the strengths of the resonances at 436, 479, 639, 661, and 1279 keV proton beam energy is reported. The data have been obtained using a tantalum target implanted with $^{22}$Ne. The strengths $ωγ$ of the resonances at 436, 639, and 661 keV have been determined with a relative approach, using the 479 and 1279 keV resonances for normalization. Subsequently, the ratio of resonance strengths of the 479 and 1279 keV resonances was determined, improving the precision of these two standards. The new data are consistent with, but more precise than, the literature with the exception of the resonance at 661 keV, which is found to be less intense by one order of magnitude. In addition, improved branching ratios have been determined for the gamma decay of the resonances at 436, 479, and 639 keV.
description: Final version, now using the Kelly et al. (2015) data [15] for normalization; 10 pages, 7 figures, 3 tables
Compact jets dominate the continuum emission in low-luminosity active galactic nuclei
Creators: name: Fernández-Ontiveros, J. A.
name: López-López, X.
name: Prieto, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The disappearance of the accretion disc in low-luminosity active galactic nuclei (LLAGN) leaves behind a faint optical nuclear continuum whose nature has been largely debated, mainly due to serious observational limitations in the IR to UV range. We combine multi-wavelength sub-arcsecond resolution observations -- able to isolate the genuine nuclear continuum -- with nebular lines in the mid-IR, to indirectly probe the shape of the extreme UV continuum. We found that 8 of the nearest prototype LLAGN are compatible with pure compact jet emission (self-absorbed synchrotron plus the associated self-Compton component) over more than ten orders of magnitude in frequency. When compared with typical radio galaxies, the LLAGN continua show two peculiarities: $i)$ a very steep spectral slope in the IR-to-optical/UV range ($-3.7 < α_0 < -1.3$; $F_ν\propto ν^{α_0}$); and $ii)$ a very high turnover frequency ($0.2-30\, \rm{THz}$; $1.3\,\rm{mm}-10\,\rm{μm}$). These attributes can be explained if the synchrotron continuum is mainly dominated by thermalised particles at the jet base or corona with considerably high temperatures, whereas only a small fraction of the energy ($\sim 20\%$) would be distributed along the high-energy power-law tail of accelerated particles. On the other hand, the nebular gas excitation in LLAGN is in agreement with photo-ionisation from inverse Compton radiation ($α_{\rm x} \sim -0.7$), which would dominate the nuclear continuum shortwards of $\sim 3000$ Å. Our results suggest that the LLAGN continuum can be dominated at all wavelengths by undeveloped jets, powered by a thermalised particle distribution, similar to the behaviour observed in compact jets of quiescent black hole X-ray binaries. This has important implications in the context of galaxy evolution, since LLAGN may represent a major but underestimated source of kinetic feedback in galaxies.
description: Accepted for publication in A&A. Abstract abridged to meet arXiv requirements
Days Gone Forever: Women’s Role in the 1936-37 Flint Sit-Down Strike and its Influence on the United Auto Workers Union
Creators: name: Spaeth, Elizabeth
Publisher: name: Stanford Digital Repository
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: International Union, United Automobile Workers of America (CIO)
subject: General Motors Corporation Sit-Down Strike (1936-1937)
subject: General Motors Company
subject: Labor movement
subject: Dollinger, Genora Johnson
subject: Jeffrey, Mildred, 1911-2004
subject: Kraus, Dorothy
subject: Reuther, Victor G. (Victor George), 1912-2004
subject: Martin, Warren Homer, 1902-1968
subject: Strikes and lockouts
subject: Women--Employment

description: This senior thesis discusses women’s role in the 1936-37 Flint sit-down strike, long seen as one of the pivotal events in bringing unionization to the nation’s automotive industry. It argues that women’s experiences during the strike and contributions to its success resulted in fundamental structural change in the United Auto Workers (UAW) union in subsequent years.
CARMA-NRO Orion Survey: unbiased survey of dense cores and core mass functions in Orion A
Creators: name: Takemura, Hideaki
name: Nakamura, Fumitaka
name: Arce, Héctor G.
name: Schneider, Nicola
name: Ossenkopf-Okada, Volker
name: Kong, Shuo
name: Ishii, Shun
name: Dobashi, Kazuhito
name: Shimoikura, Tomomi
name: Sanhueza, Patricio
name: Tsukagoshi, Takashi
name: Padoan, Paolo
name: Klessen, Ralf S.
name: Goldsmith, Paul. F.
name: Burkhart, Blakesley
name: Sánchez-Monge, Dariusz C. Lis Álvaro
name: Shimajiri, Yoshito
name: Kawabe, Ryohei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The mass distribution of dense cores is a potential key to understand the process of star formation. Applying dendrogram analysis to the CARMA-NRO Orion C$^{18}$O ($J$=1--0) data, we identify 2342 dense cores, about 22 \% of which have virial ratios smaller than 2, and can be classified as gravitationally bound cores. The derived core mass function (CMF) for bound starless cores which are not associate with protostars has a slope similar to Salpeter's initial mass function (IMF) for the mass range above 1 $M_\odot$, with a peak at $\sim$ 0.1 $M_\odot$. We divide the cloud into four parts based on the declination, OMC-1/2/3, OMC-4/5, L1641N/V380 Ori, and L1641C, and derive the CMFs in these regions. We find that starless cores with masses greater than 10 $M_\odot$ exist only in OMC-1/2/3, whereas the CMFs in OMC-4/5, L1641N, and L1641C are truncated at around 5--10 $M_\odot$. From the number ratio of bound starless cores and Class II objects in each subregion, the lifetime of bound starless cores is estimated to be 5--30 free-fall times, consistent with previous studies for other regions. In addition, we discuss core growth by mass accretion from the surrounding cloud material to explain the coincidence of peak masses between IMFs and CMFs. The mass accretion rate required for doubling the core mass within a core lifetime is larger than that of Bondi-Hoyle accretion by a factor of order 2. This implies that more dynamical accretion processes are required to grow cores.
description: 58 pages, 33 figures, 21 tables, accepted by ApJS
ASWIM IN A SEA OF POPPIES: OPIUM CHALLENGES THE ENGLISH EMPIRE, 1827-1910
Creators: name: Gal, Hagar
Publisher: name: Stanford Digital Repository
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Malwa
subject: Opium trade
subject: Opium
subject: Malwa opium
subject: Opium war
subject: Sassoon family
subject: Sassoon, David, 1792-1864
subject: Sassoon, Elias Victor, 1881-1961
subject: Jardine, Matheson & Co.
subject: Jamsetjee Jejeebhoy, 1783-1859
subject: Jardine, William
subject: Matheson, James, 1796-1878
subject: India--Mumbai
subject: Bombay
subject: Qing Empire
subject: China
subject: Shanghai
subject: Hong Kong
subject: East India Company
subject: British East India Company
subject: Scottish history
subject: monopoly
subject: Cotton
subject: Cotton textile industry
subject: Baghdadi Jew
subject: John Crawfurd
subject: anti-opium

description: In this thesis, I argue that the very phenomena which are thought of as products of British hegemony were instead the outcome of the limits of British imperial power: firstly, the vast scale of the nineteenth century opium trade between India and the Qing Empire; secondly, the First Opium War; and finally, the historiography of British power itself.
DNA changes in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) under salt stress as revealed by RAPD marker
Creators: name: Saleh, B.
Publisher: name: Advances in Horticultural Science
Year: 2016

description: Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis was applied to evaluate DNA changes among four upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) varieties [Niab 78 (N78), Deir-Ezzor 22 (DE22), Deltapine 50 (DP50) and Aleppo 118 (A118)] grown under non-saline conditions (control) and salt stress (200 mM NaCl) for seven weeks. Changes in RAPD profiles were measured as genomic template stability (GTS%). The highest estimated GTS% value was recorded for the two sensitive varieties, DP50 (79.1%) followed by A118 (58.2%); whereas, the lowest value was recorded for the two other tolerant varieties DE22 (36.7%) followed by N78 (26.4%). Based upon the data presented, RAPD marker could be used as potential tool for early identification of cotton tolerance to salt stress.
description: Advances in Horticultural Science, Vol 30 No 1 (2016)
Evolution of electronic band reconstruction in thickness-controlled perovskite SrRuO$_3$ thin films
Creators: name: Sohn, Byungmin
name: Kim, Changyoung
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Transition metal perovskite oxides display a variety of emergent phenomena which are tunable by tailoring the oxygen octahedral rotation. SrRuO$_3$, a ferromagnetic perovskite oxide, is well-known to have various atomic structures and octahedral rotations when grown as thin films. However, how the electronic structure changes with the film thickness has been hardly studied. Here, by using angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy and electron diffraction techniques, we study the electronic structure of SrRuO$_3$ thin films as a function of the film thickness. Different reconstructed electronic structures and spectral weights are observed for films with various thicknesses. We suggest that octahedral rotations on the surface can be qualitatively estimated via comparison of intensities of different bands. Our observation and methodology shed light on how structural variation and transition may be understood in terms of photoemission spectroscopy data.
description: 4 figures
Quantum-classical Dynamics of Vibration-Induced Autoionization in Molecules
Creators: name: Issler, Kevin
name: Mitric, Roland
name: Petersen, Jens
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a novel method for the simulation of the vibration-induced autoionization dynamics in molecular anions in the framework of the quantum-classical surface hopping approach. Classical trajectories starting from quantum initial conditions are propagated on a quantum-mechanical potential energy surface while allowing for autoionization through transitions into discretized continuum states. These transitions are induced by the couplings between the electronic states of the bound anionic system and the electron-detached system composed of the neutral molecule and the free electron. A discretization scheme for the detached system is introduced and a set of formulae is derived which enables the approximate calculation of couplings between the bound and free-electron states. We demonstrate our method on the example of the anion of vinylidene, a high-energy isomer of acetylene, for which detailed experimental data is available. Our results provide information on the time scale of the autoionization process and give an insight into the energetic and angular distribution of the ejected electrons as well as into the associated changes of the molecular geometry. We identify the formation of structures with reduced C-C bond lengths and T-like conformations through bending of the CH$_2$ group with respect to the C-C axis and point out the role of autoionization as a driving process for the isomerization to acetylene.
Induced resistance in potato plants by a non-pathogenic Pseudomonas putida BTP1 against potato tuber moth (Phthorimaea operculella Zeller)
Creators: name: Adam, A.
name: Idris, I.
name: Khalil, N.
name: Houssian, K.
Publisher: name: Advances in Horticultural Science
Year: 2016

description: Pseudomonas putida strain BTP1 is able to promote induced systemic resistance (ISR) in a wide spectrum of pathosystems. In this study, we investigated induced resistance in potato plants against potato tuber moth (Phthorimaea operculella Zeller) by non-pathogenic P. putida BTP1. Several physiological indicators in the life cycle of the potato tuber moth, such as survival rate, mean weight of pupae, and sex ratio were studied to assess the protective effect of P. putida BTP1. Our results showed that treatment of potato tubers by bacterial suspension of P. putida BTP1 caused evident disturbance to the development of P. operculella in potato plants. Survival rate of larvae feeding on treated plant leaves and mean weight of pupae decreased significantly. In addition, a clear deviation in the sex ratio in moths, in favor of males, resulted from larvae fed on bacteria-treated plants. This study preliminarily reports the ability of BTP1 to induce resistance in potato plants against potato tuber moth. Consequently, P. putida strain BTP1 could be a promising approach for potato tuber moth biocontrol.
description: Advances in Horticultural Science, Vol 30 No 1 (2016)
Distribution of write error rate of spin-transfer-torque magnetoreistive random access memory caused by a distribution of junction parameters
Creators: name: Imamura, Hiroshi
name: Arai, Hiroko
name: Matsumoto, Rie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Distribution of write error rate (WER) of spin-transfer-torque magnetoreistive random access memory (STT MRAM) caused by a distribution of resistance area product and anisotropy constant is theoretically studied. Assuming that WER is much smaller than unity, and junction parameters obey a normal distribution, we show that the WER obeys a logarithmic normal distribution. We derive analytical expressions for the probability density function and statistical measures. We find that the coefficient of variation of WER can be reduced by decreasing the pulse width. We also perform numerical simulations based on the Fokker-Planck equation and confirm the validity of the analytical expressions. The results are useful for designing reliable STT MRAMs.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures, typos corrected, hyperlinks added
Emergent dynamics of confluent tissues in homeostasis and growth
Creators: name: Killeen, Andrew
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2023

description: Emergent dynamics in confluent tissues play an important role in many biological processes. Here, we study these dynamics through the lens of active matter physics, specifically focussing on two emergent phenomena: nematic collective behaviour in homeostasis and the dynamics of a growing tissue boundary. We first examine the emergence of extensile nematic behaviour at the tissue level, and how a collection of contractile cells can give rise to it. By constructing and analysing a linearised hydrodynamic model, we show that this extensile behaviour results from fluctuating polar forces that arise from cell-substrate interactions. We show that polar fluctuations generically lead to extensile behaviour in the absence active contractile forces, and can still generate extensile behaviour in their presence. We then confirm our results by analysing the dynamics of nematic defects in a cell-based numerical model. In order to analyse these nematic defects, one must have a reliable and efficient means of detecting them, which currently is not the case for many confluent tissues. Due to this, we then develop a machine learning model to detect nematic defects in confluent tissues that is readily implementable on experimental images of cell layers. We demonstrate that our model outperforms current detection techniques and that this manifests itself in our method requiring less data to accurately capture defect properties, improving the accuracy of experimental data interpretation. Confluent tissue dynamics are not only important in homeostasis, but also during growth, such as in wound healing. As such, we also examine the dynamics of the boundary of a growing tissue. We study this problem using a novel lattice-Boltzmann method for a growing tissue with a moving front. We find that, at small system sizes, the interface fluctuations grow with scaling in agreement with the Kardar-Parisi-Zhang universality class. However, when using a density-dependent growth regime, we find the onset of a novel instability at larger system sizes, which we develop an analytical theory to characterise. In this thesis we have developed new fundamental understanding of confluent tissue dynamics in homeostasis and the physics of growing tissue interface stability. We have also developed new defect detection methodology and simulation methods for modelling growing tissues. The tools and understanding generated here provide fruitful avenues of future research, and equip biophysicists to tackle further questions, in these important biological systems.
A Longitudinal Study of Pharmaceutical Care in Asthmatic Patients
Easy Asthma Clinic
Creators: name: Sawaeng Watcharathanakij
Publisher: name: Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences KKU
Year: 2015
Subjects: Pharmaceutical Care Outcomes
Level of Symptoms Controlled
Easy Asthma Clinic

description: Isan Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 11, 1, 89-98
Nonlinear Electrodynamics without Birefringence
Creators: name: Russo, Jorge G.
name: Townsend, Paul K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: All solutions of the no-birefringence conditions for nonlinear electrodynamics are found. In addition to the known Born-Infeld and Plebanski cases, we find a ``reverse Born-Infeld'' case, which has a limit to Plebanski, and an ``extreme-Born-Infeld'' case, which arises as a Lagrangian constraint. Only Born-Infeld has a weak-field limit, and only Born-Infeld and extreme-Born Infeld avoid superluminal propagation in constant electromagnetic backgrounds, but all cases have a conformal strong-field limit that coincides with the strong-field limit of Born-Infeld found by Bialynicki-Birula.
description: 25 pages. Comments and references added
Levels of HIV-1 persistence on antiretroviral therapy are not associated with markers of inflammation or activation
Creators: name: Godfrey, Catherine
name: Riddler, Sharon A.
name: Bosch, Ronald J.
name: Eron, Joseph J.
name: Cyktor, Joshua C.
name: Gandhi, Rajesh T.
name: Hogg, Evelyn
name: Lalama, Christina M.
name: McMahon, Deborah K.
name: Rinaldo, Charles R.
name: Collier, Ann C.
name: Macatangay, Bernard J.
name: Mellors, John W.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: Antiretroviral therapy (ART) reduces levels of HIV-1 and immune activation but both can persist despite clinically effective ART. The relationships among pre-ART and on-ART levels of HIV-1 and activation are incompletely understood, in part because prior studies have been small or cross-sectional. To address these limitations, we evaluated measures of HIV-1 persistence, inflammation, T cell activation and T cell cycling in a longitudinal cohort of 101 participants who initiated ART and had well-documented sustained suppression of plasma viremia for a median of 7 years. During the first 4 years following ART initiation, HIV-1 DNA declined by 15-fold (93%) whereas cell-associated HIV-1 RNA (CA-RNA) fell 525-fold (>99%). Thereafter, HIV-1 DNA levels continued to decline slowly (5% per year) with a half-life of 13 years. Participants who had higher HIV-1 DNA and CA-RNA before starting treatment had higher levels while on ART, despite suppression of plasma viremia for many years. Markers of inflammation and T cell activation were associated with plasma HIV-1 RNA levels before ART was initiated but there were no consistent associations between these markers and HIV-1 DNA or CA-RNA during long-term ART, suggesting that HIV-1 persistence is not driving or driven by inflammation or activation. Higher levels of inflammation, T cell activation and cycling before ART were associated with higher levels during ART, indicating that immunologic events that occurred well before ART initiation had long-lasting effects despite sustained virologic suppression. These findings should stimulate studies of viral and host factors that affect virologic, inflammatory and immunologic set points prior to ART initiation and should inform the design of strategies to reduce HIV-1 reservoirs and dampen immune activation that persists despite ART.
Generation and transfer of entangled states between two connected microtoroidal cavities: analysis of different types of coupling
Creators: name: Sousa, Emilio H. S.
name: Vidiella-Barranco, A.
name: Roversi, J. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the generation and transfer of entangled states between two coupled microtoroidal cavities considering two different types of couplings, namely i) via a bridge qubit and ii) via evanescent fields. The cavities support two counter-propagating whispering-gallery modes (WGMs) that may also interact with each other. We firstly show that it is possible to transfer, with high fidelity, a maximally entangled state between the two modes of the first cavity (cavity 1) to the two modes of the second cavity (cavity 2), independently of the type of coupling. Interesting differences, though, arise concerning the generation of entangled states from initial product states; if the cavities are coupled via a bridge qubit, we show that it is possible to generate a 4-partite entangled state involving all four cavity modes. On the other hand, contrarily to what happens in the qubit coupling case, it is possible to generate bipartite maximally entangled states between modes of different cavities from initial separable states for cavities coupled by evanescent waves. Besides, we show that different entangled states between the propagating and counter-propagating modes of distinct cavities may be generated by tuning the interaction between modes belonging to the same cavity (intra-cavity couplings). Again, this is possible only for the couplings via evanescent waves. For the completion of our work, we discuss the effects of losses on the dynamics of the system.
description: 19 pages, 12 figures
NLRX1 negatively modulates type I IFN to facilitate KSHV reactivation from latency
Creators: name: Ting, Jenny P-Y
name: Damania, Blossom
name: Guo, Haitao
name: Yang, Fan
name: Ma, Zhe
name: Petrucelli, Alex
name: Hopcraft, Sharon E.
name: Dittmer, Dirk P.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: Kaposi’s sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) is a herpesvirus that is linked to Kaposi’s sarcoma (KS), primary effusion lymphoma (PEL) and multicentric Castleman’s disease (MCD). KSHV establishes persistent latent infection in the human host. KSHV undergoes periods of spontaneous reactivation where it can enter the lytic replication phase of its lifecycle. During KSHV reactivation, host innate immune responses are activated to restrict viral replication. Here, we report that NLRX1, a negative regulator of the type I interferon response, is important for optimal KSHV reactivation from latency. Depletion of NLRX1 in either iSLK.219 or BCBL-1 cells significantly suppressed global viral transcription levels compared to the control group. Concomitantly, fewer viral particles were present in either cells or supernatant from NLRX1 depleted cells. Further analysis revealed that upon NLRX1 depletion, higher IFNβ transcription levels were observed, which was also associated with a transcriptional upregulation of JAK/STAT pathway related genes in both cell lines. To investigate whether IFNβ contributes to NLRX1’s role in KSHV reactivation, we treated control and NLRX1 depleted cells with a TBK1 inhibitor (BX795) or TBK1 siRNA to block IFNβ production. Upon BX795 or TBK1 siRNA treatment, NLRX1 depletion exhibited less inhibitory effects on reactivation and infectious virion production, suggesting that NLRX1 facilitates KSHV lytic replication by negatively regulating IFNβ responses. Our data suggests that NLRX1 plays a positive role in KSHV lytic replication by suppressing the IFNβ response during the process of KSHV reactivation, which might serve as a potential target for restricting KSHV replication and transmission.
By and For Ourselves:  Gay Men of Color and the Fight Against HIV/AIDS in San Francisco, 1970-1998
Creators: name: Walia, Arjan
Publisher: name: Stanford Digital Repository
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Gay activists
subject: AIDS (Disease)
subject: HIV infections--Prevention
subject: California--San Francisco
subject: National Task Force on AIDS Prevention (NTFAP)
subject: National Latino/a Lesbian and Gay Organization (LLEGO)
subject: GAPA Community HIV Project (GCHP)
subject: Black and White Men Together (BWMT)
subject: African American gay men
subject: Hispanic American gay men
subject: Asian American gay men
subject: Native American gay men
subject: Filipino Task Force on AIDS
subject: Comunidad Unida en Respuesta al SIDA (CURAS)
subject: Pomo Afro Homos
subject: Tongues Untied
subject: Racism
subject: Intersectionality (Sociology)
subject: American Indian AIDS Institute (AIAI)
subject: Gay Men of Color Consortium (GMOCC)
subject: Love Like This Theater

description: In the 1980s and 1990s, HIV/AIDS represented an existential threat to the thriving gay community of San Francisco–and particularly for gay men of color, who were being diagnosed with the disease at higher rates than their white counterparts. As mainstream AIDS service organizations like the San Francisco AIDS Foundation—the first and largest in the city—came to serve a primarily white gay clientele, gay AIDS activists of color realized that their racial exclusion from the gay community affected the ability of such mainstream gay organizations to reach gay people of color. The growing threat of AIDS to queer communities of color and the lack of resources for them in these mainstream AIDS groups led to the formation of groups led by and designed for queer men of color in the mid-1980s. Taking into account how both their race and sexual orientation influenced their lives, gay people of color prioritized cultural competence—which emphasized considering the culture and experiences of the group that were trying to reach when developing HIV prevention materials. As the epidemic dragged into the 1990s, these activists created new interventions based in an “empowerment” model that often went beyond HIV prevention to bear witness to their unique experiences as both gay and nonwhite. In this thesis, I add to the nascent scholarship on the AIDS crisis by considering how the intersections of race/ethnicity and sexual orientation influenced the AIDS services that gay men of color created.
Occurrence of viruses in Calla and Peruvian lily in Tuscan nurseries and evidence of new viral records in Italy
Creators: name: Luvisi, A.
name: Rizzo, D.
name: Stefani, L.
name: Panattoni, A.
name: Materazzi, A.
Publisher: name: Advances in Horticultural Science
Year: 2016

description: In order to evaluate the health status of Calla and Peruvian lily in Tuscan nurseries, 18 viruses belonging to six families and one unassigned virus were assayed. Tests were carried out on 90 Zantedeschia aethiopica plants and 48 Alstroemeria spp. plants collected from 12 Tuscan nurseries in two years, via RT-PCR tests. Z. aethiopica was mainly affected by viruses belonging to the Potyviridae family, with the main infection caused by Dasheen mosaic virus (DsMV) and Zantedeschia mild mosaic virus (ZaMMV). Even if Alstroemeria spp. plants were affected by Potyviridae family viruses too, higher infection rates were recorded for Betaflexiviridae, where Lily symptomless virus infected more than half of plants. This is the first known report of Lily mottle virus (LMoV) in Alstroemeria spp. and Z. aethiopica or ZaMMV in Alstroemeria spp. in Italy.
description: Advances in Horticultural Science, Vol 30 No 1 (2016)
Green Learning: Introduction, Examples and Outlook
Creators: name: Kuo, C. -C. Jay
name: Madni, Azad M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Rapid advances in artificial intelligence (AI) in the last decade have largely been built upon the wide applications of deep learning (DL). However, the high carbon footprint yielded by larger and larger DL networks becomes a concern for sustainability. Furthermore, DL decision mechanism is somewhat obsecure and can only be verified by test data. Green learning (GL) has been proposed as an alternative paradigm to address these concerns. GL is characterized by low carbon footprints, small model sizes, low computational complexity, and logical transparency. It offers energy-effective solutions in cloud centers as well as mobile/edge devices. GL also provides a clear and logical decision-making process to gain people's trust. Several statistical tools have been developed to achieve this goal in recent years. They include subspace approximation, unsupervised and supervised representation learning, supervised discriminant feature selection, and feature space partitioning. We have seen a few successful GL examples with performance comparable with state-of-the-art DL solutions. This paper offers an introduction to GL, its demonstrated applications, and future outlook.
Dennstaedtia glauca C. Chr. ex Looser, Rev. Hist. Geog.
Creators: name: Schwartsburd, Pedro B.
name: Navarrete, Hugo
name: Smith, Alan R.
name: Kessler, Michael
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Polypodiopsida
Polypodiales
Dennstaedtiaceae
Dennstaedtia
Dennstaedtia glauca

description: Dennstaedtia glauca (Cav.) C.Chr. ex Looser, Rev. Hist. Geog. Chile 69: 184. 1932.
 Range:— Peru, Bolivia (CO, LP), Chile, and Argentina (Yañez et al. 2014).
 Ecology:— Fairly common; terrestrial in semihumid forests, especially high-elevation forests dominated by Polylepis Ruiz & Pav., Alnus Mill., Weinmannia L., or Podocarpus L’Hér. ex Pers.; 1700–3600 m.
 Notes:— Tryon & Stolze (1989) and Yañez et al. (2014) pointed out that slightly pubescent specimens of Dennstaedtia cicutaria could be misidentified as D. glauca, given the similarities in relation to the degree of division of the lamina. They mentioned that a useful character to differentiate both species is the position of the sori: in D. glauca, they are displayed at the margin of the foliar lobes, while in D. cicutaria they are located at the sinuses. Additionally, in the latter species, the petioles are brownish to black and bear abundant roots, whereas in D. glauca the petioles are stramineous and no or very few roots are present.
description: Published as part of Schwartsburd, Pedro B., Navarrete, Hugo, Smith, Alan R. & Kessler, Michael, 2017, Prodromus of a fern flora for Bolivia. XXVI. Dennstaedtiaceae, pp. 251-268 in Phytotaxa 332 (3) on page 254, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.332.3.2, http://zenodo.org/record/13723580
Thon rings from amorphous ice and implications of beam-induced Brownian motion in single particle electron cryo-microscopy
Creators: name: McMullan, G.
name: Vinothkumar, K. R.
name: Henderson, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have recorded dose-fractionated electron cryo-microscope images of thin films of pure flash-frozen amorphous ice and pre-irradiated amorphous carbon on a Falcon~II direct electron detector using 300 keV electrons. We observe Thon rings \cite{Thon1966} in both the power spectrum of the summed frames and the sum of power spectra from the individual frames. The Thon rings from amorphous carbon images are always more visible in the power spectrum of the summed frames whereas those of amorphous ice are more visible in the sum of power spectra from the individual frames. This difference indicates that while pre-irradiated carbon behaves like a solid during the exposure, amorphous ice behaves like a fluid with the individual water molecules undergoing beam-induced motion. Using the measured variation in the power spectra amplitude with number of electrons per image we deduce that water molecules are randomly displaced by mean squared distance of $\sim$ 1.1 Å$^{2}$ for every incident 300 keV e$^{-}$/Å$^2$. The induced motion leads to an optimal exposure with 300 keV electrons of 4.0 e$^{-}$/Å$^2$ per image with which to see Thon rings centred around the strong 3.7Å scattering peak from amorphous ice. The beam-induced movement of the water molecules generates pseudo-Brownian motion of embedded macromolecules. The resulting blurring of single particle images contributes an additional term, on top of that from radiation damage, to the minimum achievable B-factor for macromolecular structure determination.
description: 11 pages, 6 figures, Supplementary information 6 pages with 5 figures
Optical and ultrasound local contact measurements of dry friction interface under vibration
Creators: name: Wei, Tong
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2023

description: Friction joints are widely used in machine design to allow an easy assembly of different components. The joints have the added benefit of providing damping to the structure due to frictional energy dissipation at the interface, which can reduce vibration amplitude and hence improve performance and life of the machine. The nonlinear nature of a friction joint can introduce a significant challenge when predicting the dynamic response of the system and the lifetime of the parts. The prediction of the global dynamic response is relatively accurate today due to the development of different contact models and advance nonlinear solvers, but predicting and measuring the local contact condition inside the joints accurately still represents a major challenge. The latter is of highest importance when trying to accurately represent a joint for accurate nonlinear dynamic predictions, and when trying to predict wear inside the interface. The main aim of this PhD project is to develop approaches that allow the monitoring of the contact interface of friction joints during a vibration cycle and improve the understanding of the contact mechanics at the interface. Initially a comparison of full-field optical measurements and ultrasound measurements on transparent PMMA specimens is used to obtain understanding of the link between the contact mechanics at the interface and the ultrasound signal. A clear link between the optically measured real area of contact and the sliding conditions could be established, which is then linked to the ultrasound signal. This understanding is then used for the interpretation of the ultrasound signal of steel specimens. The ultrasound technique shows the capability to identify sticking, microslip and gross slip stages in one sliding cycle in a steel to steel contact, providing for the first time high quality validation of the local contact condition for explicit nonlinear dynamic models.
Beam Management in Ultra-dense mmWave Network via Federated Reinforcement Learning: An Intelligent and Secure Approach
Creators: name: Xue, Qing
name: Liu, Yi-Jing
name: Sun, Yao
name: Wang, Jian
name: Yan, Li
name: Feng, Gang
name: Ma, Shaodan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Deploying ultra-dense networks that operate on millimeter wave (mmWave) band is a promising way to address the tremendous growth on mobile data traffic. However, one key challenge of ultra-dense mmWave network (UDmmN) is beam management due to the high propagation delay, limited beam coverage as well as numerous beams and users. In this paper, a novel systematic beam control scheme is presented to tackle the beam management problem which is difficult due to the nonconvex objective function. We employ double deep Q-network (DDQN) under a federated learning (FL) framework to address the above optimization problem, and thereby fulfilling adaptive and intelligent beam management in UDmmN. In the proposed beam management scheme based on FL (BMFL), the non-rawdata aggregation can theoretically protect user privacy while reducing handoff cost. Moreover, we propose to adopt a data cleaning technique in the local model training for BMFL, with the aim to further strengthen the privacy protection of users while improving the learning convergence speed. Simulation results demonstrate the performance gain of our proposed scheme.
description: 12 pages, 12 figures, has been accepted for publication in IEEE Transactions on Cognitive Communications and Networking