cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Should a hotter paramagnet transform quicker to a ferromagnet? Monte Carlo simulation results for Ising model
Creators: name: Vadakkayil, Nalina
name: Das, Subir K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: For quicker formation of ice, before inserting inside a refrigerator, heating up of a body of water can be beneficial. We report first observation of a counterpart of this intriguing fact, referred to as the Mpemba effect (ME), during ordering in ferromagnets. By performing Monte Carlo simulations of a generic model, we have obtained results on relaxation of systems that are quenched to sub-critical state points from various temperatures above the critical point. For a fixed final temperature, a system with higher starting temperature equilibrates faster than the one prepared at a lower temperature, implying the presence of ME. The observation is extremely counter-intuitive, particularly because of the fact that the model has no in-built frustration or metastability that typically is thought to provide ME. Via the calculations of nonequilibrium properties concerning structure and energy, we quantify the role of critical fluctuations behind this fundamental as well as technologically relevant observation.
description: This five-page article on Mpemba Effect contains 5 Figures
Effective Degrees of Freedom: A Flawed Metaphor
Creators: name: Janson, Lucas
name: Fithian, William
name: Hastie, Trevor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Other Statistics (stat.OT)
subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: To most applied statisticians, a fitting procedure's degrees of freedom is synonymous with its model complexity, or its capacity for overfitting to data. In particular, it is often used to parameterize the bias-variance tradeoff in model selection. We argue that, contrary to folk intuition, model complexity and degrees of freedom are not synonymous and may correspond very poorly. We exhibit and theoretically explore various examples of fitting procedures for which degrees of freedom is not monotonic in the model complexity parameter, and can exceed the total dimension of the response space. Even in very simple settings, the degrees of freedom can exceed the dimension of the ambient space by an arbitrarily large amount. We show the degrees of freedom for any non-convex projection method can be unbounded.
das Deutsche Kunstarchiv auf neuen Wegen
Creators: name: Fischeidl, Kathrin
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: WissKI
Archive
CIDOC CRM
Modellierung
Archivierung
Daten
Metadaten
Software
virtuelle Forschungsumgebungen
DHd2023

description: Eine Posterpräsentation auf der 9. Tagung des Verbands "Digital Humanities im deutschsprachigen Raum" - DHd 2023 Open Humanities Open Culture
$P$-adic $L$-functions of Bianchi modular forms
Creators: name: Williams, Chris
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The theory of overconvergent modular symbols, developed by Rob Pollack and Glenn Stevens, gives a beautiful and effective construction of the $p$-adic $L$-function of a modular form. In this paper, we give an analogue of their results for Bianchi modular forms, that is, modular forms over imaginary quadratic fields. In particular, we prove control theorems that say that the canonical specialisation map from overconvergent to classical Bianchi modular symbols is an isomorphism on small slope eigenspaces of suitable Hecke operators. We also give an explicit link between the classical modular symbol attached to a Bianchi modular form and critical values of its $L$-function, which then allows us to construct $p$-adic $L$-functions of Bianchi modular forms.
description: 41 pages. I have relaxed a condition, previously assumed throughout, that the primes above p are principal. I have also made various minor improvements and corrections throughout
Der NFDI4Culture Helpdesk – ein Beratungsangebot für die Kulturwissenschaften
Creators: name: Mayer, Desiree
name: Kailus, Angela
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Beratung
Service
Hilfestellung
Daten
Metadaten
Forschung
Forschungsprozess
Standards
Werkzeuge
DHd2023

description: Eine Posterpräsentation auf der 9. Tagung des Verbands "Digital Humanities im deutschsprachigen Raum" - DHd 2023 Open Humanities Open Culture
Nanoscopic distribution of VAChT and VGLUT3 in striatal cholinergic varicosities suggests colocalization and segregation of the two transporters in synaptic vesicles
Creators: name: Cristofari, Paola
name: Desplanque, Mazarine
name: Poirel, Odile
name: Hébert, Alison
name: Dumas, Sylvie
name: Herzog, Etienne
name: Danglot, Lydia
name: Geny, David
name: Gilles, Jean-François
name: Geeverding, Audrey
name: Bolte, Susanne
name: Canette, Alexis
name: Trichet, Michaël
name: Fabre, Véronique
name: Daumas, Stéphanie
name: Pietrancosta, Nicolas
name: Mestikawy, Salah El
name: Bernard, Véronique
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Striatal cholinergic interneurons (CINs) use acetylcholine (ACh) and glutamate (Glut) to regulate the striatal network since they express vesicular transporters for ACh (VAChT) and Glut (VGLUT3). However, whether ACh and Glut are released simultaneously and/or independently from cholinergic varicosities is an open question. The answer to that question requires the multichannel detection of vesicular transporters at the level of single synaptic vesicle (SV). Here, we used super-resolution STimulated Emission Depletion microscopy (STED) to characterize and quantify the distribution of VAChT and VGLUT3 in CINs SVs. Nearest-neighbor distances analysis between VAChT and VGLUT3-immunofluorescent spots revealed that 34% of CINs SVs contain both VAChT and VGLUT3. In addition, 40% of SVs expressed only VAChT while 26% of SVs contain only VGLUT3. These results suggest that SVs from CINs have the potential to store simultaneously or independently ACh and/or Glut. Overall, these morphological findings support the notion that CINs varicosities can signal with either ACh or Glut or both with an unexpected level of complexity.
Classifying Linearly Shielded Modified Gravity Models in Effective Field Theory
Creators: name: Lombriser, Lucas
name: Taylor, Andy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the model space generated by the time-dependent operator coefficients in the effective field theory of the cosmological background evolution and perturbations of modified gravity and dark energy models. We identify three classes of modified gravity models that reduce to Newtonian gravity on the small scales of linear theory. These general classes contain enough freedom to simultaneously admit a matching of the concordance model background expansion history. In particular, there exists a large model space that mimics the concordance model on all linear quasistatic subhorizon scales as well as in the background evolution. Such models also exist when restricting the theory space to operators introduced in Horndeski scalar-tensor gravity. We emphasize that whereas the partially shielded scenarios might be of interest to study in connection with tensions between large and small scale data, with conventional cosmological probes, the ability to distinguish the fully shielded scenarios from the concordance model on near-horizon scales will remain limited by cosmic variance. Novel tests of the large-scale structure remedying this deficiency and accounting for the full covariant nature of the alternative gravitational theories, however, might yield further insights on gravity in this regime.
description: 5 pages; v2 matches published version with extended discussion
Analysis of Markov-modulated infinite-server queues in the central-limit regime
Creators: name: Blom, Joke
name: De Turck, Koen
name: Mandjes, Michel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: This paper focuses on an infinite-server queue modulated by an independently evolving finite-state Markovian background process, with transition rate matrix $Q\equiv(q_{ij})_{i,j=1}^d$. Both arrival rates and service rates are depending on the state of the background process. The main contribution concerns the derivation of central limit theorems for the number of customers in the system at time $t\ge 0$, in the asymptotic regime in which the arrival rates $λ_i$ are scaled by a factor $N$, and the transition rates $q_{ij}$ by a factor $N^α$, with $α\in \mathbb R^+$. The specific value of $α$ has a crucial impact on the result: (i) for $α>1$ the system essentially behaves as an M/M/$\infty$ queue, and in the central limit theorem the centered process has to be normalized by $\sqrt{N}$; (ii) for $α<1$, the centered process has to be normalized by $N^{{1-}α/2}$, with the deviation matrix appearing in the expression for the variance.
Absent daddy, but important father
Creators: name: Jacquier, Nathanaël
name: Widiez, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Subcellular Processes (q-bio.SC)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Mixing maternal and paternal genomes is the base of plant sexual reproduction, but some so-called 'haploid inducer lines' lead to the formation of seeds bearing well-developed embryos with solely the maternal genome. A recent study adds a new piece to the puzzle of this enigmatic in planta haploid embryo induction process.
title: Editorial
Creators: name: McMeeking, Joanne
Publisher: name: Strathprints - University of Strathclyde
Year: 2018

description: I'm delighted to have been asked to write this editorial. This is a special issue of the Journal, published to coincide with and signify the importance of our annual Scottish Institute of Residential Child Care (SIRCC) conference. The conference is now in its 19th year and is a central part of the residential child care calendar in Scotland and internationally. It's been an absolute honour to chair the SIRCC committee and conference over the last six years. I work with such wonderful people who talk and practice all things residential child care every day. It's a conference that places significant emphasis on grass roots practice, latest evidence, international contexts, and, most importantly, supportively challenges us all to keep pushing for the absolute best for children and young people living in residential care. It's about the stories, the work, and the learning of the people who are at the heart of this.
Boundaries and profiles in the Wigner formalism
Creators: name: Dias, Nuno Costa
name: Prata, João Nuno
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We consider a quantum device contained in an interval in the context of the Weyl-Wigner formalism. This approach was originally suggested by Frensley, and is known to be plagued with several problems, such as non-physical and non-unique solutions. We show that some of these problems may be avoided if one writes the correct dynamical equation. This requires the (non-local) influence of the potential outside of the device and the inclusion of singular boundary potentials. We also discuss the problem of imposing boundary conditions on the Wigner function that mimic the effect of the external environment. We argue that these conditions have to be chosen with extreme care, as they may otherwise lead to non-physical solutions.
description: 38 pages, 3 figures, to appear in Journal of Computational Electronics
Additional file 2 of MDR M. tuberculosis outbreak clone in Eswatini missed by Xpert has elevated bedaquiline resistance dated to the pre-treatment era
Creators: name: Beckert, Patrick
name: Sanchez-Padilla, Elisabeth
name: Merker, Matthias
name: Dreyer, Viola
name: Kohl, Thomas A.
name: Utpatel, Christian
name: Köser, Claudio U.
name: Barilar, Ivan
name: Ismail, Nazir
name: Shaheed Vally Omar
name: Klopper, Marisa
name: Warren, Robin M.
name: Hoffmann, Harald
name: Gugu Maphalala
name: Ardizzoni, Elisa
name: Jong, Bouke C. De
name: Kerschberger, Bernhard
name: Schramm, Birgit
name: Andres, Sönke
name: Kranzer, Katharina
name: Maurer, Florian P.
name: Bonnet, Maryline
name: Niemann, Stefan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Ecology
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Additional file 2. Supplemental methods and description of resistance mutations.
Comparison of decoherence and Zeno dynamics from the context of weak measurement for a two level atom tunneling through squeezed vacuum
Creators: name: Bhattacharya, Samyadeb
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Decay parameter of coherence and population inversion are calculated from the master equation of a two level atom tunneling through a squeezed vacuum. Using those parameters, the timescales for decoherence and zeno effect are calculated in the weak measurement scheme. By comparing those timescales, a certain condition has been found for sustainable coherent dynamics.
description: 6 pages, no figures
Identification of web security threats to online business models
Creators: name: Kim, I Luk
Publisher: name: Purdue University Graduate School
Year: 2023
Subjects: Software and application security

description: Online business models have become increasingly popular in recent years, providing new opportunities for entrepreneurs and established companies alike. However, along with these opportunities come new risks, particularly in the realm of web security. While traditional threats typically affect the backend systems that provide web services, attackers nowadays can also target the actual business model itself to make financial damage. The threats are becoming more difficult to discover because of the wide-scaled and complex web ecosystem that involves multiple parties.
 In this dissertation, we present proposals to identify web security threats to online business models. Specifically, we first introduce a novel ad budget draining attack, AdBudgetKiller, in order to demonstrate a possible attack scenario with real-world cases and to come up with prevention methods. AdBudgetKiller automatically discloses a targeting strategy of an advertiser, then fabricate browsing profiles to dispatch advertisements from the targeted advertiser.
 We also present a testing-based approach to automatically identify client-side business flow tampering vulnerabilities. In particular, our method systematically analyzes websites to gather potential tampering locations by using dynamic execution data collection. We then test the websites with tampering proposals to identify any business flow tampering vulnerabilities. Further, we present an enhanced detection method for digital content services that detects business flow tampering vulnerabilities. We perform differential analysis on collected execution traces to determine how the business flow begins to differ. Then we test if the divergence points can be tampered with.
Data for the article "Life-stage and sex influence Philornis ectoparasitism in a Neotropical woodpecker (Melanerpes striatus) with essential male parental care"
Creators: name: LaPergola, Joshua B.
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biology
subject: Laboratory and Basic Science Research Life Sciences
subject: Animal Sciences
subject: Ecology and Evolutionary Biology
subject: Behavior and Ethology
subject: Zoology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ornithology
subject: Population Biology
subject: Life Sciences
subject: Other Ecology and Evolutionary Biology

description: Data for the article "Life-stage and sex influence Philornis ectoparasitism in a Neotropical woodpecker (Melanerpes striatus) with essential male parental care". The files contain data on the occurrence of Philornis parasitism in adult and nestling Hispaniolan Woodpeckers from a field site near Jarabacoa, La Vega, Dominican Republic.
Resilience after natural disasters: the process of harnessing resources in communities differentially exposed to a flood
Creators: name: Bakic, Helena
name: Ajdukovic, Dean
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy

description: Background: Disasters negatively impact mental health and well-being. Studying how people adapt and recover after adversity is crucial for disaster preparedness and response. Objective: This study examined how differentially affected communities harness their resources to adapt to the aftermath of a flood. We predicted that stronger individual, interpersonal, and community resources protect against psychosocial resource loss and, through that, are related to fewer symptoms of posttraumatic stress and depression and higher life satisfaction. We also predicted that these effects would be stronger in a flooded community, compared to a threatened, but non-flooded community. Method: Participants were randomly sampled community members from two neighbouring municipalities. One municipality was severely flooded during the 2014 floods in South East Europe (affected community, na = 223), the other was threatened but not flooded (comparison community, nc = 224). Interviews were conducted one and a half years after the disaster using the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale 10-item version, the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support, the Community Resources Scale, the Psychosocial Resource Loss Scale, the PTSD Checklist for DSM-5, the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale Revised and the Satisfaction with Life Scale. Results: Stronger individual, interpersonal, and community resources were found to be related to better post-disaster outcomes directly and indirectly through psychosocial resource loss. In the affected community, interpersonal resources and community social capital and engagement were stronger predictors of positive adaptation. In the comparison community, community economic development and trust in community leadership were more important. Conclusion: This study provides evidence that people affected by disasters can harness their individual, interpersonal, and community resources to recover and adapt. Post-disaster interventions should aim to strengthen family and community ties, thus increasing available social support and community connectedness. • Psychosocial resource loss after disasters can be reduced by harnessing individual, interpersonal and community resources. • This is then related to better mental health and wellbeing. • Post-disaster interventions should aim to strengthen social support and community connectedness.
title: Improving child care in India through the development of the Questionnaire to Assess Needs of Children in Care (QANCC)
Creators: name: Modi, Kiran
name: Anbalagan, Emaya
name: Shroff, Radhika
name: Singhal, Nidhi
Publisher: name: Strathprints - University of Strathclyde
Year: 2018

description: India has around 20 million children living without families who need to be cared for through alternative forms of care. Udayan Care has an innovative group care model for children in need of care, utilising the indigenously developed LIFE (Living In Family Environment) strategy in its 13 UdayanGhars (Sunshine care homes). The model offers long-term permanent mentor parents to all children through the Carer team at its homes. Most often, children's direct input is not available to the management of care homes. To address this Udayan Care has developed the Questionnaire to Assess Needs of Children in Care (QANCC) to assess the needs of children under its care. The questionnaire is administered to children in a scientific manner every year to understand the basic/ fundamental, emotional, educational and interpersonal needs of the children aged 10-18 years under its care program with the goal of evaluating the extent to which these needs are being met from the perspectives of the children themselves. A census methodology is used on children aged between 10-18 years who have lived minimum of 6 months at the UdayanGhars. Over the years, we saw that on an average, 76.8% of the children feel that their needs are met; which is further stratified as follows: 92% of the children feel their basic fundamental needs are met, 80 % of the children feel their educational needs are met, 77% of the children feel that their Interpersonal needs are met, and 70% children feel their emotional needs are met. Areas of unmet needs have been identified to provide additional support specifically towards addressing them. The study allows children's participation in provide opinions on issues that directly impact upon them and the management of UdayanGhars consider these opinions while making decisions that affect their care; ultimately leading to improved standards of care at UdayanGhars.
KoMuX - Der Kompositamuster-Explorer
Creators: name: Brunner, Annelen
name: Katrin, Hein
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Komposita
Muster
Webanwendung
Strukturanalyse
Annotieren
Webentwicklung
Visualisierung
Daten
Sprache
DHd2023

description: Eine Posterpräsentation auf der 9. Tagung des Verbands "Digital Humanities im deutschsprachigen Raum" - DHd 2023 Open Humanities Open Culture
Additional file 1 of Visual process maps to support implementation efforts: a case example
Creators: name: Kononowech, Jennifer
name: Landis-Lewis, Zach
name: Carpenter, Joan
name: Ersek, Mary
name: Hogikyan, Robert
name: Levy, Cari
name: Phibbs, Ciaran
name: Scott, Winifred
name: Sales, Anne E.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 1. Background of the case example.
Alternatives to traditional professional development: a closer look at implementation
Creators: name: White, Madeline
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2023

description: Educators feel overwhelmed by managing challenging behaviors which often leads to burnout and turnover (Clotfelter et al., 2006; Kokkinos, 2007; Simon & Johnson, 2015). However, professional development (PD) in evidenced-based behavior management practices (EBMPs) is sparse with current PD models yielding varied outcomes (Darling-Hammond et al., 2009; Wei et al., 2010). Simulation training has been developed as teacher trainings to address limitations of traditional PD but, no studies to date have examined the implementation practices of simulation training (Martin et al., 2010; Proctor et al., 2011). This study examined the implementation practices of teachers’ using IVT-T through descriptive patterns of use (fidelity) as well as associations between dosage, usability, and teachers’ use of behavioral praise and behavioral corrective feedback. Subjects included 48 teachers from three urban K-8 schools. An exploratory analysis of fidelity revealed that on average teachers played IVT-T for less than 25 minutes per week and 92% of teachers played between 1-10 weeks. Adjusting for non-players, the weekly average minutes met the 40-minute threshold 70% of the weeks. Of the teachers that did not meet the threshold hold, 48% played between 20-39 minutes. Results of the negative binomial regression analyses revealed that dosage was not a significant predictor of behavioral praise or behavioral corrective feedback, when controlling for teachers’ use of the behavioral strategy at Time 1. Finally, a correlational analysis revealed that the usability of IVT-T was moderately, positively correlated with dosage. Limitations and implications for future research and practice are discussed.
On the synthesis of heavy nuclei in protomagnetar outflows and implications for ultra-high energy cosmic rays
Creators: name: Bhattacharya, Mukul
name: Horiuchi, Shunsaku
name: Murase, Kohta
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It has been suggested that strongly magnetised and rapidly rotating protoneutron stars (PNSs) may produce long duration gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) originating from stellar core collapse. We explore the steady-state properties and heavy element nucleosynthesis in neutrino-driven winds from such PNSs whose magnetic axis is generally misaligned with the axis of rotation. We consider a wide variety of central engine properties such as surface dipole field strength, initial rotation period and magnetic obliquity to show that heavy element nuclei can be synthesised in the radially expanding wind. This process is facilitated provided the outflow is Poynting-flux dominated such that its low entropy and fast expansion timescale enables heavy nuclei to form in a more efficient manner as compared to the equivalent thermal GRB outflows. We also examine the acceleration and survival of these heavy nuclei and show that they can reach sufficiently high energies $\gtrsim 10^{20}\ {\rm eV}$ within the same physical regions that are also responsible for powering gamma-ray emission, primarily through magnetic dissipation processes. Although these magnetised outflows generally fail to achieve the production of elements heavier than lanthanides for our explored electron fraction range 0.4-0.6, we show that they are more than capable of synthesizing nuclei near and beyond iron peak elements.
description: 16 pages, 9+2 figures; matches MNRAS published version
ARS - Architecture Research Stage
Creators: name: Dürfeld, Michael
name: Stein, Christian
name: List, Ferdinand
name: Rahman, Zead
name: Dias, Renata
name: Thran, Niklas
name: Marschner, Michèle
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Kollaboration
Architekturforschung
Vernetzungsplattform
Graphentechnologie
Akteursnetzwerk
Modellierung
Annotieren
Netzwerkanalyse
Bewertung
Webentwicklung
DHd2023

description: Eine Posterpräsentation auf der 9. Tagung des Verbands "Digital Humanities im deutschsprachigen Raum" - DHd 2023 Open Humanities Open Culture
A model for the catalytic oxidation of CO that includes CO desorption and diffusion, O repulsion, and impurities in the gas phase
Creators: name: Buendía, Gloria
name: Rikvold, Per Arne
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present kinetic Monte Carlo simulations exploring the nonequilibrium phase diagram of a modified Ziff-Gulari-Barshad (ZGB) dynamic lattice-gas model for the catalytic oxidation of carbon monoxide (CO) on a surface. The modified model includes the simultaneous presence of contaminants in the gas phase, CO desorption, CO diffusion, and strong repulsion between adsorbed oxygen (O) atoms; all of which have been observed in experimental systems. We find that the strong O-O repulsion produces higher reaction rates, albeit in a reduced reactive pressure window. In systems with impurities, the CO$_2$ production rate is greatly reduced, but this effect is mitigated by CO desorption and diffusion. CO desorption has the effect of widening the reactive pressure window, while CO diffusion has the effect of increasing the reaction rate. In some parameter regimes the presence of impurities destroys the discontinuous transition between the reactive and high CO coverage phases.
description: 12 pages, 5 figures
Meta Reinforcement Learning for Optimal Design of Legged Robots
Creators: name: Belmonte-Baeza, Álvaro
name: Lee, Joonho
name: Valsecchi, Giorgio
name: Hutter, Marco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: The process of robot design is a complex task and the majority of design decisions are still based on human intuition or tedious manual tuning. A more informed way of facing this task is computational design methods where design parameters are concurrently optimized with corresponding controllers. Existing approaches, however, are strongly influenced by predefined control rules or motion templates and cannot provide end-to-end solutions. In this paper, we present a design optimization framework using model-free meta reinforcement learning, and its application to the optimizing kinematics and actuator parameters of quadrupedal robots. We use meta reinforcement learning to train a locomotion policy that can quickly adapt to different designs. This policy is used to evaluate each design instance during the design optimization. We demonstrate that the policy can control robots of different designs to track random velocity commands over various rough terrains. With controlled experiments, we show that the meta policy achieves close-to-optimal performance for each design instance after adaptation. Lastly, we compare our results against a model-based baseline and show that our approach allows higher performance while not being constrained by predefined motions or gait patterns.
description: 8 pages. To be published in IEEE Robotics and Automation Letters (RA-L) and ICRA 2023
Additional file 1 of High frequency of HPV genotypes 59, 66, 52, 51, 39 and 56 in women from Western Mexico
Creators: name: Molina-Pineda, Andrea
name: López-Cardona, María Guadalupe
name: Limón-Toledo, Laura Patricia
name: Cantón-Romero, Juan Carlos
name: Martínez-Silva, María Guadalupe
name: Holanda Vanesa Ramos-Sánchez
name: Flores-Miramontes, María Guadalupe
name: Mata-González, Pedro De La
name: Jave-Suárez, Luis F.
name: Aguilar-Lemarroy, Adriana
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Ecology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Cancer
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1 Figure S1. Frequency of HPV genotypes found in the open-population group in different states of Mexico. The graphs show the frequency of different HPV genotypes detected by the linear array genotyping test in the states of Aguascalientes, Colima, Nayarit, Jalisco, Michoacan and Guanajuato. The pink colour indicates single infections, and the blue colour indicates multiple infections.
Monte Carlo simulated dynamical magnetization of single-chain magnets
Creators: name: Li, Jun
name: Liu, Bang-Gui
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Here, a dynamical Monte-Carlo (DMC) method is used to study temperature-dependent dynamical magnetization of famous Mn2Ni system as typical example of single-chain magnets with strong magnetic anisotropy. Simulated magnetization curves are in good agreement with experimental results under typical temperatures and sweeping rates, and simulated coercive fields as functions of temperature are also consistent with experimental curves. Further analysis indicates that the magnetization reversal is determined by both thermal-activated effects and quantum spin tunnelings. These can help explore basic properties and applications of such important magnetic systems.
description: 4 Pages, 3 figures
title: A relational approach helps change teachers' attitudes towards the inclusion of young people who are looked after
Creators: name: Woodier, David
Publisher: name: Strathprints - University of Strathclyde
Year: 2018

description: The inclusion of a young person who is looked after may present teachers with a dilemma. Including a child who is looked after and acting out the effects of past maltreatment can mean that other pupils miss out. Helping teachers solve this dilemma may be the key to changing teachers' attitudes towards inclusion. Using practitioner enquiry, I examined my role as a teacher supporting three children who were looked after and at risk of exclusion. I used a reflective dialogue to support teaching staff in the implementation of a relational approach. Interviews with teachers and a teaching assistant revealed that they became more reflective in their practice and more confident in relating to children who were distressed. In addition, the skills teaching staff acquired readily transferred to support other pupils. These results suggest that teachers' attitudes towards inclusion of young people who are looked after can improve when the skills they master to support individual children who have suffered maltreatment are shown to have a wider benefit.
Analyse, Produktion, Reflexion: Nachnutzungsszenarien für Forschungsdaten am Beispiel der Daten des Projekts Dehmel digital
Creators: name: Bläß, Sandra
name: Flüh, Marie
name: Nantke, Julia
name: Reul, Christian
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Digitale Edition
HTR
Named Entity Recognition
Briefanalyse
Teilen
Datenerkennung
Sammlung
Bilderfassung
Bearbeitung
Daten
DHd2023

description: Eine Posterpräsentation auf der 9. Tagung des Verbands "Digital Humanities im deutschsprachigen Raum" - DHd 2023 Open Humanities Open Culture
On the Power of Invariant Tests for Hypotheses on a Covariance Matrix
Creators: name: Preinerstorfer, David
name: Pötscher, Benedikt M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 62F03, 62G10, 62H11, 62H15, 62J05

description: The behavior of the power function of autocorrelation tests such as the Durbin-Watson test in time series regressions or the Cliff-Ord test in spatial regression models has been intensively studied in the literature. When the correlation becomes strong, Krämer (1985) (for the Durbin-Watson test) and Krämer (2005) (for the Cliff-Ord test) have shown that the power can be very low, in fact can converge to zero, under certain circumstances. Motivated by these results, Martellosio (2010) set out to build a general theory that would explain these findings. Unfortunately, Martellosio (2010) does not achieve this goal, as a substantial portion of his results and proofs suffer from serious flaws. The present paper now builds a theory as envisioned in Martellosio (2010) in a fairly general framework, covering general invariant tests of a hypothesis on the disturbance covariance matrix in a linear regression model. The general results are then specialized to testing for spatial correlation and to autocorrelation testing in time series regression models. We also characterize the situation where the null and the alternative hypothesis are indistinguishable by invariant tests.
Eye-tracking exploration of inhibitory control in post-traumatic stress disorder: an emotional antisaccade paradigm
Creators: name: Blekic, Wivine
name: Wauthia, Erika
name: Kornacka, Monika
name: Arachchige, Kendra Kandana
name: Lefebvre, Laurent
name: Rossignol, Mandy
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Neuroscience
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Background: Cognitive–behavioural studies among individuals suffering from post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) have highlighted attentional biases towards threats as a key factor in the maintenance of the disorder. Anxiety-related studies have hypothesized that attentional biases were due to attentional control difficulties in inhibition and flexibility of threatening information. Objective: Because it remains unclear how this theory could be applied to PTSD, this study aims to evaluate the inhibitory control and flexibility abilities of negative and threatening information in this population, using eye-tracking technology. Method: Fifteen adults with a history of physical assault and a current diagnosis of PTSD, and 15 healthy control participants, completed an original mixed antisaccade task. Results: We found enhanced overt attentional allocation towards every item of emotional information among PTSD participants, such as indexed by the latencies of the first saccade in prosaccade trials, followed by disengagement difficulties, such as indexed by increased reaction time to identify the target. Conclusion: Our results could represent empirical evidence of the general enhancement of attentional vigilance in people with PTSD in comparison with healthy controls, as well as specific inhibitory deficits. The results are interpreted through a fear-generalization hypothesis. The ability to detect a relevant information in our environment and disengage from it is an important process in our daily life.PTSD patients presented a general hyper vigilant behavior followed by disengagement difficulties.We did not highlight impairments in flexibility among PTSD participants. The ability to detect a relevant information in our environment and disengage from it is an important process in our daily life. PTSD patients presented a general hyper vigilant behavior followed by disengagement difficulties. We did not highlight impairments in flexibility among PTSD participants.
Additional file 10 of Histone tail analysis reveals H3K36me2 and H4K16ac as epigenetic signatures of diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma
Creators: name: Shejuan An
name: Camarillo, Jeannie M.
name: Huang, Tina Yi-Ting
name: Li, Daphne
name: Morris, Juliette A.
name: Zoltek, Madeline A.
name: Qi, Jin
name: Mandana Behbahani
name: Kambhampati, Madhuri
name: Kelleher, Neil L.
name: Nazarian, Javad
name: Thomas, Paul M.
name: Saratsis, Amanda M.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 10: S10. Functional pathways analysis of differentially expressed genes after RT and Bromodomain inhibition. A Differentially expressed genes by DIPG cells after 48 h RT compared to DMSO control enrich for DNA double-strand break repair as a top canonical pathway on functional analysis (p-value 1.10 × 10− 21). B Differentially expressed genes by DIPG cells after 48 h JQ1 treatment compared to DMSO control enrich for nucleotide excision repair as the top canonical pathway (p-value 2.51 × 10− 48).
Site Split of Antiferromagnetic $α$-Mn Revealed by $^{55}$Mn Nuclear Magnetic Resonance
Creators: name: Manago, Masahiro
name: Motoyama, Gaku
name: Nishigori, Shijo
name: Fujiwara, Kenji
name: Kinjo, Katsuki
name: Kitagawa, Shunsaku
name: Ishida, Kenji
name: Akiba, Kazuto
name: Araki, Shingo
name: Kobayashi, Tatsuo C.
name: Harima, Hisatomo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The magnetic structure of antiferromagnetic $α$-Mn has been unclarified for almost 70 years since its magnetism was discovered. We measured the zero-field nuclear magnetic resonance spectra of antiferromagnetic $α$-Mn to obtain further insight into magnetism below $T_{\text{N}} = 95$ K. The site II spectra split into two sites with five subpeaks owing to quadrupole interaction, and this shows that the ordered moments at site II are slightly tilted from the $[001]$ direction. The site III spectra revealed that this site splits into four sites below $T_{\text{N}}$. These findings clearly demonstrate that the antiferromagnetic $α$-Mn symmetry is lower than previously considered.
description: 5 pages, 6 figures, 2 tables
Galactic Center gamma-ray "excess" from an active past of the Galactic Centre?
Creators: name: Petrovic, Jovana
name: Serpico, Pasquale Dario
name: Zaharijas, Gabrijela
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Several groups have recently claimed evidence for an unaccounted gamma-ray excess over {the} diffuse backgrounds at few GeV in {the} Fermi-LAT data in a region around the Galactic Center, consistent with a dark matter annihilation origin. We demonstrate that the main spectral and angular features of this excess can be reproduced if they are mostly due to inverse Compton emission from high-energy electrons injected in a burst event of ~10^52 - 10^53erg roughly O(10^6) years ago. We consider this example as a proof of principle that time-dependent phenomena need to be understood and accounted for - together with detailed diffuse foregrounds and unaccounted "steady state" astrophysical sources - before any robust inference can be made about dark matter signals at the Galactic Center. In addition, we point out that the timescale suggested by our study, which controls both the energy cutoff and the angular extension of the signal, intriguingly matches (together with the energy budget) what is indirectly inferred by other evidences suggesting a very active Galactic Center in the past, for instance related to intense star formation and accretion phenomena.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures. Minor scale correction plus a typo in a figure label. Conclusions unchanged
The ROSMA-PTV concept and the impact of rotational setup uncertainties on the tumor control probability in canine brain tumors
Creators: name: Radonic, Stephan
name: Besserer, Jürgen
name: Bley, Carla Rohrer
name: Schneider, Uwe
name: Meier, Valeria
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Purpose: In this modelling study we pursued two main goals. The first was to establish a new CTV-to-PTV expansion which considers the closest and most critical organ at risk (OAR). The second goal was to investigate the impact of the planning target volume (PTV) margin size on the tumor control probability (TCP) dependent on the geometrical setup uncertainties. The aim was to achieve a smaller margin expansion close to the OAR while allowing a moderately larger expansion in less critical areas further away from the OAR and most importantly while maintaining the TCP. Methods and Materials: Imaging data of radiation therapy (RT) plans from pet dogs which had undergone RT for brain tumor were used to estimate the clinic specific rotational setup uncertainties. A Monte-Carlo methodology used to quantify the implications of those uncertainties on the TCP. A computational CTV-to-PTV expansion method based on probability density was established. All required software modules were developed and integrated into a software package which directly interacts with the Varian Eclipse treatment planning system. Results: The rotational setup uncertainties were obtained from 44 dog patients. Their frequency distributions were analysed, and the mean values and standard deviations were determined. To investigate the impact on the TCP, several uniform and non-isotropic PTV targets were created. Standardized RT plans with equal optimization constraints were defined and automatically applied and calculated on these targets. The resulting TCPs were then evaluated and compared. Conclusion: The non-isotropic margins were found to result in larger TCPs with smaller margin excess volume. Further we have presented an additional application of the newly established CTV-to-PTV expansion method for radiation therapy of the spinal axis of human patients.
On the entanglement of formation of two-mode Gaussian states: a compact form
Creators: name: Akbari-Kourbolagh, Yahya
name: Alijanzadeh-Boura, Hoda
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We define an EPR-like uncertainty by using the Duan et al.'s inequality which gives a necessary and sufficient condition for the separability of any two-mode Gaussian state. We show that for a given amount of entanglement, the uncertainty is minimized by pure two-mode squeezed states. Using this fact, we write the optimal pure-state decomposition and derive a compact form for the entanglement of formation of two-mode Gaussian states. For illustration purposes, we consider symmetric and squeezed thermal states as special cases and evaluate their entanglement of formation explicitly. For the symmetric states, our result is in agreement with the Giedke et al.'s one. To our knowledge, our work is the first one which gives the exact entanglement of formation of two-mode squeezed thermal states explicitly.
description: 18 pages, 1 figure
Assessing radiomics feature stability with simulated CT acquisitions
Creators: name: Flouris, Kyriakos
name: Jimenez-del-Toro, Oscar
name: Aberle, Christoph
name: Bach, Michael
name: Schaer, Roger
name: Obmann, Markus
name: Stieltjes, Bram
name: Mueller, Henning
name: Depeursinge, Adrien
name: Konukoglu, Ender
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Medical imaging quantitative features had once disputable usefulness in clinical studies. Nowadays, advancements in analysis techniques, for instance through machine learning, have enabled quantitative features to be progressively useful in diagnosis and research. Tissue characterisation is improved via the 'radiomics' features, whose extraction can be automated. Despite the advances, stability of quantitative features remains an important open problem. As features can be highly sensitive to variations of acquisition details, it is not trivial to quantify stability and efficiently select stable features. In this work, we develop and validate a Computed Tomography (CT) simulator environment based on the publicly available ASTRA toolbox (www.astra-toolbox.com). We show that the variability, stability and discriminative power of the radiomics features extracted from the virtual phantom images generated by the simulator are similar to those observed in a tandem phantom study. Additionally, we show that the variability is matched between a multi-center phantom study and simulated results. Consequently, we demonstrate that the simulator can be utilised to assess radiomics features' stability and discriminative power.