cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Spatio-temporal Pattern Formation due to Host-Circuit Interplay in Gene Expression Dynamics
Creators: name: Chakraborty, Priya
name: Roy, Ushasi
name: Jolly, Mohit K.
name: Ghosh, Sayantari
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Biological systems are majorly dependent on their property of bistability in order to exhibit nongenetic heterogeneity in terms of cellular morphology and physiology. Spatial patterns of phenotypically heterogeneous cells, arising due to underlying bistability, may play significant role in phenomena like biofilm development, adaptation, cell motility etc. While nonlinear positive feedback regulation, like cooperative heterodimer formation are the usual reason behind bistability, similar dynamics can also occur as a consequence of host-circuit interaction. In this paper, we have investigated the pattern formation by a motif with non-cooperative positive feedback, that imposes a metabolic burden on its host due to its expression. In a cellular array set inside diffusible environment, we investigate spatio-temporal diffusion in one dimension as well as in two dimension in the context of various initial conditions respectively. Moreover, the number of cells exhibiting the same steady state, as well as their spatial distribution has been quantified in terms of connected component analysis. The effect of diffusion coefficient variation has been studied in terms of stability of related states and time evolution of patterns.
description: 33 pages, 11 figures
title: Effects of knowledge-based iterative reconstruction technique on image quality of contrast-enhanced hepatic CT at different radiation dose level
Creators: name: Pan, Dan
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Liver
subject: CT
subject: Computer Applications-General

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Computed tomography (CT) is widely used in hepatic imaging due to its high resolution and fast data acquisition, in which hepatic contrast-enhanced CT (CECT) is considered as an imaging modality of choice in evaluating liver abnormalities ranging...
A stationary q-metric
Creators: name: Toktarbay, Saken
name: Quevedo, Hernando
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a stationary generalization of the static $q-$metric, the simplest generalization of the Schwarzschild solution that contains a quadrupole parameter. It possesses three independent parameters that are related to the mass, quadrupole moment and angular momentum. We investigate the geometric and physical properties of this exact solution of Einstein's vacuum equations, and show that it can be used to describe the exterior gravitational field of rotating, axially symmetric, compact objects.
description: 3 pages
Fifth forces and frame invariance
Creators: name: Bamber, Jamie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: I discuss how one can apply the covariant formalism developed by Vilkovisky and DeWitt to obtain frame invariant fifth force calculations for scalar-tensor theories. Fifth forces are severely constrained by astrophysical measurements. It was shown previously that for scale-invariant Higgs-dilaton gravity, in a particular choice of Jordan frame, the dilaton fifth force is dramatically suppressed, evading the observational constraints. Using a geometric approach I extend this result to all frames, and show that the usual dichotomy of "Jordan frame" versus "Einstein frame" is better understood as a continuum of frames: submanifold slices of a more general field space.
description: 12 pages, 1 figure
AWOLs in West Virginia: An Alcohol Policy Analysis
Creators: name: Gaviria, Diana, MD
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2006

description: Alcohol is one of the most widely used drugs in the United States. The harmful use of alcohol has been and continues to be the source of many costs for individuals and society and a significant public health issue. The history of the societal relationship with alcohol in this country is a long one. Alcohol has been subject of the social movement of temperance and policy attempts to control the use of alcohol and its societal costs culminated in the passage of Prohibition, the 18th amendment, in 1920. While Prohibition was repealed in 1933, and is considered by most to have been a resounding failure, less drastic policy measures continue to address the harmful societal effects of alcohol use. Current policy measures to curb the hazards of alcohol include measures to limit access ("dry" jurisdictions, legal drinking age laws), to penalize overconsumption and attendant behaviors (public drunkenness laws, driving under the influence), to limit marketing (advertising bans), to provide education, and taxation of alcohol products. An emerging issue in the alcohol policy arena is the sale and use of Alcohol Without Liquid machines (AWOLs). These devices, first introduced in Asia and Europe are now being marketed in the United States. Statutes prohibiting these devices have been passed in a number of states and some local jurisdictions and are being considered in many more. In this paper I will look at the debate surrounding these devices as a case study in the context of a long history of alcohol policy in the US. I will also consider whether policy to restrict or ban these devices would be justified in West Virginia.
Recoil corrections to the energy levels of hydrogenic atoms
Creators: name: Adkins, Gregory S.
name: Gomprecht, Jonathan
name: Li, Yanxi
name: Shinn, Evan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have completed the calculation of pure-recoil corrections of order $(Z α)^6$ to Coulombic bound states of two spin-1/2 fermions without approximation in the particle masses. Our result applies to systems of arbitrary mass ratio such as muonium and positronium, and also hydrogen and muonic hydrogen (with the neglect of proton structure effects). We have shown how the two-loop master integrals that occur in the relativistic region can be computed in analytic form, and suggest that the same method can be applied to the three-loop integrals that would be present in a calculation of order $(Z α)^7$ corrections.
description: 6 pages, 2 figures
title: Comparison of model-based and regular iterative reconstruction on signal-to-noise ratios and contrast-to-noise ratios
Creators: name: Slangen, Jules
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Computer applications
subject: CT
subject: Image manipulation / Reconstruction
subject: Technical aspects
subject: Computer Applications-Detection, diagnosis
subject: Contrast agent-other

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Iterative reconstruction reduces noise and artefacts and potentially allows for dose reduction while preserving image quality compared to filtered back-projection. [1, 2] Iterative Model Reconstruction (IMR) is a new model and knowledge-based...
A change of rings result for Matlis reflexivity
Creators: name: Dailey, Douglas
name: Marley, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Commutative Algebra (math.AC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Let $R$ be a commutative Noetherian ring and $E$ the minimal injective cogenerator of the category of $R$-modules. An $R$-module $M$ is (Matlis) reflexive if the natural evaluation map $M \to \operatorname{Hom}_R(\operatorname{Hom}_R(M,E),E)$ is an isomorphism. We prove that if $S$ is a multiplicatively closed subset of $R$ and $M$ is a reflexive $R$-module, then $M$ is a reflexive $R_S$-module. The converse holds when $S$ is the complement of the union of finitely many minimal primes of $R$, but fails in general.
Washington Post Poll: Race Relations
Creators: name: Harvard University
name: Kaiser Family Foundation
name: Washington Post
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2008

description: Congressional action (7); the American Dream (10); attitudes compared to ten years ago (5); opportunity among racial groups (6); minorities entering the country (9); minorities compared to whites better/worse off (18); role of government (13); potential reductions of the federal budget (14); federal programs end minority groups (13); governmental responsibility for equality (11); discrimination (8); reasons minorities have social and economic problems (24); make up for past wrongs (4); future of low-income minorities and America (5); affirmative action (17); diversity (3); impressions of political parties (5).
Reexamining the effect of gustatory disgust on moral judgment: A multi-lab direct replication of Eskine, Kacinik, and Prinz (2011)
Creators: name: Ghelfi, Eric
name: Christopherson, Cody
name: Urry, Heather
name: Lenne, Richie
name: Legate, Nicole
name: Fischer, Mary
name: Wagemans, Fieke
name: Wiggins, Bradford
name: Barrett, Tamara
name: Bornstein, Michelle
name: de Haan, Bianca
name: Guberman, Joshua
name: Issa, Nada
name: Kim, Joan
name: Na, Elim
name: O'Brien, Justin
name: Peck, Tayler
name: Paulk, Aidan
name: Sashihara, Marissa
name: Sheelar, Karen
name: Song, Justin
name: Steinberg, Hannah
name: Sullivan, Dasan
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: crep

description: This is the homepage for the meta-analysis of CREP replications for a "A Bad Taste in the Mouth: Gustatory Disgust Influences Moral Judgment" (Eskine, Kacinik, Prinz, 2011).
The Value-Added Catalog of ASAS-SN Eclipsing Binaries II: Properties of Extra-Physics Systems
Creators: name: Rowan, D. M.
name: Jayasinghe, T.
name: Stanek, K. Z.
name: Kochanek, C. S.
name: Thompson, Todd A.
name: Shappee, B. J.
name: Holoien, T. W. -S.
name: Prieto, J. L.
name: Giles, W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Detached eclipsing binaries are the primary tool used to measure precise masses and radii of stars. In our previous paper estimating the parameters of more than 30,000 detached eclipsing binaries, we identified 766 eclipsing binaries with additional features in their All-Sky Automated Survey for Supernovae (ASAS-SN) and Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) light curves. Here, we characterize these "extra-physics" systems, identifying eclipsing binaries with spotted stars, pulsating components, and candidate triple/quadruple systems. We use the Gaia, ATLAS, ZTF, and ASAS-SN variable star catalogs to consider possible blends. We use MIST isochrones and evolutionary tracks to identify systems with main sequence, subgiant, and giant primaries and highlight systems in sparsely populated regions of the color-magnitude diagram. We find that the orbital period distribution of spotted binaries is divided by evolutionary state and find 68 with X-ray detections. For the candidate triple/quadruples and pulsating systems, we calculate the extra orbital/pulsational period and identify systems with resonances. Finally, we highlight a number of exotic systems, including eclipsing CVs, subdwarfs, and binaries with disks.
description: 19 pages, 14 figures. Submitted to MNRAS
title: Knowledge based iterative reconstruction technique for different dose reduction protocols in enhanced hepatic CT: initial experience
Creators: name: Jiang, Yan
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Liver
subject: CT
subject: Computer Applications-General

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: To prospectively evaluate image quality of enhanced hepatic CT reconstructed by knowledge based iterative reconstruction technique (IMR, Philips Healthcare) compared with filtered back projection (FBP) techniques according to different dose...
Limitations of the classical phase-locked loop analysis
Creators: name: Kuznetsov, N. V.
name: Kuznetsova, O. A.
name: Leonov, G. A.
name: Neittaanmaki, P.
name: Yuldashev, M. V.
name: Yuldashev, R. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Nonlinear analysis of the classical phase-locked loop (PLL) is a challenging task. In classical engineering literature simplified mathematical models and simulation are widely used for its study. In this work the limitations of classical engineering phase-locked loop analysis are demonstrated, e.g., hidden oscillations, which can not be found by simulation, are discussed. It is shown that the use of simplified dynamical models and the application of simulation may lead to wrong conclusions concerning the operability of PLL-based circuits.
Neighborhood Watch Improves the Public’s Health as it Prevents Crime
Creators: name: Lawrence, Rashida
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: Neighborhood Watch is a community crime prevention program in the United States which coordinates police departments with citizens and residents. Today's transient society produces communities that are less personal. Many families have two working parents and children involved in many activities that keep them away from home. An empty house in a neighborhood where none of the neighbors know the owner is a prime target for burglary, and other acts of crime. In Durham, NC's District 2 alone, there were 115 crimes reported in July 2008 relevant to break-ins, robberies, and aggravated assaults (DPD, 2011). Obvious impacts of crime on public health may include physical injury, disability, death from violent assaults, abuse and accidents, including those caused by dangerous driving, and the associated physical and psychological consequences (Goodwin, 2004). Neighborhoods and communities that have established neighborhood watch programs are more likely to have higher amounts of social support and social capital compared to those neighborhoods who may suffer from crime, environmental decay, and urban blight. More neighborhood watch program interventions are needed to effectively prevent crime and increase social capital. Preventing crime, particularly in those areas most affected, would improve health (Goodwin, 2004).
Do the recent severe droughts in the Amazonia have the same period of length?
Creators: name: Zou, Yong
name: Macau, Elbert E. N.
name: Sampaio, Gilvan
name: Mário, Antônio
name: Kurths, Jürgen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a new measure based on drought period length to assess the temporal difference between the recent two severe droughts of 2005 and 2010 in the Amazonia. The sensitivity of the measure is demonstrated by disclosing the distinct spatial responding mechanisms of the Northeastern and Southwestern Amazon (NA, SA) to the surrounding sea surface temperature (SST) variabilities. The Pacific and Atlantic oceans have different roles on the precipitation patterns in Amazonia. More specifically, the very dry periods in the NA are influenced by El Niño events, while the very dry periods in the SA are affected by the anomalously warming of the SST in the North Atlantic. We show convincingly that the drought 2005 hit SA, which is caused by the North Atlantic only. There are two phases in the drought 2010: (i) it was started in the NA in August 2009 affected by the El Niño event, and (ii) later shifted the center of action to SA resulted from anomalously high SST in North Atlantic, which further intensifies the impacts on the spatial coverage.
description: 5 figures
Washington Post Poll: 1996 Election/Clinton vs. Congress
Creators: name: Washington Post
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2009

description: Most important problem (1); Bill Clinton favorability (1); Newt Gingrich favorability (1); 1996 Congressional election (1); Clinton v. Republicans in Congress (12); Democrats v. Republicans in Congress (11); Republican primary vote (2); 1996 election (8); third party (2); qualities of Democratic v. Republican Party (7); presidential qualities and characteristics (7); leadership abilities of past and present political leaders (18).
Near-infrared chemical abundances of stars in the Sculptor dwarf galaxy
Creators: name: Tang, Baitian
name: Zhang, Jiajun
name: Yan, Zhiqiang
name: Zhang, Zhiyu
name: Carigi, Leticia
name: Fernández-Trincado, José G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Owing to the recent identification of major substructures in our Milky Way (MW), the astronomical community has started to reevaluate the importance of dissolved and existing dwarf galaxies. In this work, we investigate up to 13 elements in 43 giant stars of the Sculptor dwarf galaxy (Scl) using high-signal-to-noise-ratio near-infrared (NIR) APOGEE spectra. Thanks to the strong feature lines in the NIR, we were able to determine high-resolution O, Si, and Al abundances for a large group of sample stars for the first time in Scl. By comparing the [$α$/Fe] (i.e., O, Mg, Si, Ca, and Ti) of the stars in Scl, Sagittarius, and the MW, we confirm the general trend that less massive galaxies tend to show lower [$α$/Fe]. The low [Al/Fe] ($\sim -0.5$) in Scl demonstrates the value of this ratio as a discriminator with which to identify stars born in dwarf galaxies (from MW field stars). A chemical-evolution model suggests that Scl has a top-light initial mass function (IMF), with a high-mass IMF power index of $\sim -2.7$, and a minimum Type Ia supernovae delay time of $\sim 100$ Myr. Furthermore, a linear regression analysis indicates a negative radial metallicity gradient and positive radial gradients for [Mg/Fe] and [Ca/Fe], in qualitative agreement with the outside-in formation scenario.
description: A&A accepted
Enhanced path sampling using subtrajectory Monte Carlo moves
Creators: name: Zhang, Daniel T.
name: Riccardi, Enrico
name: van Erp, Titus S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Path sampling allows the study of rare events like chemical reactions, nucleation and protein folding via a Monte Carlo (MC) exploration in path space. Instead of configuration points, this method samples short molecular dynamics (MD) trajectories with specific start- and end-conditions. As in configuration MC, its efficiency highly depends on the types of MC moves. Since the last two decades, the central MC move for path sampling has been the so-called shooting move in which a perturbed phase point of the old path is propagated backward and forward in time to generate a new path. Recently, we proposed the subtrajectory moves, stone-skipping (SS) and web-throwing (WT), that are demonstrably more efficient. However, the one-step crossing requirement makes them somewhat more difficult to implement in combination with external MD programs or when the order parameter determination is expensive. In this article, we present strategies to address the issue. The most generic solution is a new member of subtrajectory moves, wire fencing (WF), that is less thrifty than the SS, but more versatile. This makes it easier to link path sampling codes with external MD packages and provides a practical solution for cases where the calculation of the order parameter is expensive or not a simple function of geometry. We demonstrate the WF move in a double well Langevin model, a thin film breaking transition based on classical force fields, and a smaller ruthenium redox reaction at the ab initio level in which the order parameter explicitly depends on the electron density.
description: 20 pages, 7 figures
Nonlinear longitudinal current in quantum plasma generated by two transversal electromagnetic waves
Creators: name: Latyshev, A. V.
name: Yushkanov, A. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 81V10, 81V99, 81B40

description: Quantum plasma with arbitrary degree degeneration of electronic gas is considered. Plasma is in two external electromagnetic fields. It is required to find the plasma response on this fields. From Wigner kinetic equation for the quantum collisionless plasmas distribution function in square-law approach on sizes of vector potentials of two electric fields is received. The formula for calculation electric current at any temperature (any degree of degeneration of electronic gas) is deduced. This formula contains an one-dimensional quadrature. It is shown, that the nonlinearity account leads to occurrence the longitudinal electric current directed along a wave vectors. This longitudinal current is orthogonal to a known transversal current, received at the linear analysis. The case of small values of wave numbers is considered. It is shown, that in case of small values of wave numbers a longitudinal current in quantum plasma coincides with a longitudinal current in classical plasma.
description: 26 pages, in Russian. 0 figures
Invasive non-Typhi Salmonella Disease in Africa: A Systematic Review
Creators: name: Omari, Habib
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: Background: Invasive non-Typhi Salmonella (NTS) infection is endemic in sub-Saharan Africa where it is the leading cause of blood stream infection. Host risk factors such as HIV infection, malaria and/or anemia, recent antimicrobial use, malnutrition, extreme ages, sickle cell disease and schistosomiasis have been reported in some studies. However, little information is available about environmental reservoir. Since a systematic review had not been done to assess if NTS infection is more likely to occur in persons with named risk factors compared to those without risk factors, preventive strategies are underdeveloped. Objective: The primary objective of this paper is to review the literature systematically and answer the questions whether NTS infection is associated with any of the following: HIV infection, malaria, recent antimicrobial use, anemia, sickle cell, schistosomiasis, malnutrition and extreme ages. The role of environment in the spread of NTS infection will also be explored. Methods: The systematic review was conducted by searching MEDLINE including the clinical queries option through December 2008 for English language articles containing the MESH phrases (Salmonella) NOT (Salmonella Typhi) NOT (Salmonella Enteric serovar) AND (Africa) OR (Sub-Saharan Africa). The articles that could not be retrieved from the Medline were obtained from the CDC library. The search was also expanded using cited references from the articles obtained in the initial search. Results: Of 571 articles obtained, 93 were reviewed to yield 6 articles to find an association between NTS and the named risk factors. Moreover 9 articles explore the role of environment reservoir. NTS infection was significantly associated with HIV infection OR= 3.21(95%CI 1.95-5.28), severe malnutrition OR= 2.2 (95%CI) and malaria OR=1.6. NTS infection was common in patients with sickle cell disease, schistosomiasis, extreme age and those with history of recent antimicrobial use but lacked statistical significance. Seasonal peaks of NTS disease occur during the rainy season among both adults and children suggesting environmental risk factors are important. Conclusions: Invasive NTS infection was associated HIV, Severe malnutrition and Malaria in Sub Saharan Africa. Because of the substantial burden of illness and death caused by invasive NTS disease, it is important to utilize these associations in developing preventive strategies to control invasive NTS infection in Sub Saharan Africa.
title: Rotating disc phantom for determination of the accuracy flow and linear velocity measurement by phase contrast MRI and investigation flow related effect
Creators: name: Petraikin, Alexey
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: MR physics
subject: Cardiovascular system
subject: CNS
subject: MR
subject: MR-Angiography
subject: Technical aspects
subject: Experimental investigations
subject: Physics
subject: Quality assurance
subject: Artifacts
subject: Image registration

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Quantitative measurements of flow by 2D Phase Contrast MRI (2D PC)require validation using phantom experiments. This is important toobtain reliable quantitative data on the motion of the cerebrospinalfluid and blood using pulse sequences based on 2D...
Strategic Planning and Evaluation of a Collaboration between Duke University Medical Center Department of Psychiatry and Lincoln Community Health Center in Developing a Mental Health Component to an Existing Health Care for the Homeless Clinic
Creators: name: Almond, Maria
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: Abstract: Mental illness affects approximately 16-25% of the adult US homeless population. A 2008 point-in-time survey in North Carolina identified 12,371 homeless individuals, amongst whom 16% reported having a serious mental illness, 34% a substance use disorder, and approximately 6% reported having been recently released from a mental health hospital or drug treatment program. Severe mental illness affects one’s ability to obtain basic needs, such as food, shelter and safety. Not having appropriate shelter can lead to further destabilization of an existing mental illness. Despite research that has shown the benefits of intensive community-based mental health services, access issues to such services continue to contribute to the maintenance of the mentally ill on the streets or in jails and prisons. This program plan and evaluation will examine one possibility for improved access through the development of a mental health clinic, based at an existing Durham homeless shelter medical clinic and created through the collaborative efforts of Duke University Medical Center (DUMC) Department of Psychiatry and Lincoln Community Health Center.
Nonconvex phase synchronization
Creators: name: Boumal, Nicolas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We estimate $n$ phases (angles) from noisy pairwise relative phase measurements. The task is modeled as a nonconvex least-squares optimization problem. It was recently shown that this problem can be solved in polynomial time via convex relaxation, under some conditions on the noise. In this paper, under similar but more restrictive conditions, we show that a modified version of the power method converges to the global optimum. This is simpler and (empirically) faster than convex approaches. Empirically, they both succeed in the same regime. Further analysis shows that, in the same noise regime as previously studied, second-order necessary optimality conditions for this quadratically constrained quadratic program are also sufficient, despite nonconvexity.
description: 29 pages, 7 figures, to appear in SIAM Journal of Optimization (2016)
title: Functional evaluation of secondary renal amyloidosis with diffusion-weighted MR imaging
Creators: name: Rona, Günay
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Anatomy
subject: Kidney
subject: MR
subject: MR-Diffusion/Perfusion
subject: Audit and standards
subject: Screening
subject: Metabolic disorders

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Amyloidosis is a disease in which organ dysfunction occurs as a result of deposition of protein deposits in the form of insoluble fibrils in the extracellular area of tissues (1-4). Immunoglobulin light chain (AL), immunoglobulin heavy chain...
Radiated momentum and radiation-reaction in gravitational two-body scattering including time-asymmetric effects
Creators: name: Bini, Donato
name: Damour, Thibault
name: Geralico, Andrea
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compute to high post-Newtonian accuracy the 4-momentum (linear momentum, and energy), radiated as gravitational waves in a two-body system undergoing gravitational scattering. We include, for the first time, all the relevant {\it time-asymmetric} effects that arise when consistently going three post Newtonian orders beyond the leading post Newtonian order. We find that the inclusion of time-asymmetric radiative effects (both in tails and in the radiation-reacted hyperbolic motion) is crucial to ensure the mass-polynomiality of the post-Minkowskian expansion ($G$ expansion) of the radiated 4-momentum. Imposing the mass-polynomiality of the corresponding individual impulses determines the conservativelike radiative contributions at the fourth post-Minkowskian order, and strongly constrains them at the fifth post-Minkowskian order.
description: 38 pages; revtex macros used; V2: slightly expanded version
Quantifying and analyzing rock trait distributions of rocky fault scarps using deep learning approach
Creators: name: Chen, Zhiang
name: Scott, Chelsea
name: Keating, Devin
name: Clarke, Amanda
name: Das, Jnaneshwar
name: Arrowsmith, Ramon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We apply a deep learning model to segment and identify rock characteristics based on a Structure-from-Motion orthomap and digital elevation model of a rocky fault scarp in the Volcanic Tablelands, eastern California. By post-processing the deep learning results, we build a semantic rock map and analyze rock trait distributions. The resulting semantic map contains nearly 230,000 rocks with effective diameters ranging from 2 cm to 250 cm. Rock trait distributions provide a new perspective on rocky fault scarp development and extend past research on scarp geometry including slope, height, and length. Heatmaps indicate rock size spatial distributions on the fault scarp and surrounding topographic flats. Median grain size changes perpendicular to the fault scarp trace with the largest rocks exposed on and downslope from the scarp footwall. Correlation analyses of the segmented fault scarp illustrate the relationship between rock trait statistics and fault scarp geomorphology. Local fault scarp height correlates with median grain size (R2 of 0.6), the mean grain size of the largest rocks (R2 of 0.76), and the ratio of the number of small to large rocks (R2 of 0.40). The positive correlation (R2 of 0.81) between local fault scarp height and standard deviation of grain size suggests that rocks on a higher fault scarp are less well sorted. The correlation analysis between fault scarp height and rock orientation statistics supports a particle transportation model in which locally higher fault scarps have relatively more rocks with long axes parallel to fault scarp trace because rocks have a larger distance to roll and orient the long axes. Our work demonstrates a data-driven approach to geomorphology based on rock trait distributions, promising a greater understanding of fault scarp formation, as well as many other applications for which granulometry is an indicator of process.
Inert Doublet Model in the light of LHC and astrophysical data
Creators: name: Ilnicka, Agnieszka
name: Krawczyk, Maria
name: Robens, Tania
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the parameter space of the Inert Doublet Model, which is a straightforward extension of the SM in the scalar sector. We apply a set of constraints both from the theoretical and experimental side to extract and determine allowed regions of parameter space. These constraints put strong limits on both masses and couplings of the new particles. We also present a set of benchmarks for the current LHC run. This work is based on [1, 2].
description: 8 pages, 3 figures, presented at The European Physical Society Conference on High Energy Physics, Vienna, 2015
Towards Bootstrapping QED$_3$
Creators: name: Chester, Shai M.
name: Pufu, Silviu S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We initiate the conformal bootstrap study of Quantum Electrodynamics in $2+1$ space-time dimensions (QED$_{3}$) with $N$ flavors of charged fermions by focusing on the 4-point function of four monopole operators with the lowest unit of topological charge. We obtain upper bounds on the scaling dimension of the doubly-charged monopole operator, with and without assuming other gaps in the operator spectrum. Intriguingly, we find a (gap-dependent) kink in these bounds that comes reasonably close to the large $N$ extrapolation of the scaling dimensions of the singly-charged and doubly-charged monopole operators down to $N=4$ and $N=6$.
description: 29 pages plus an appendix, 5 figures, v2 minor improvements, refs added
Screening for Gestational Diabetes: A Summary of the Evidence for the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force
Creators: name: Brody, Seth C., M.D.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2003

description: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is defined as glucose intolerance with the onset or first detection during pregnancy. About 135,000 cases of GDM are diagnosed annually in the United States. Important risk factors include higher maternal age, family history of diabetes, and increased pregravid body mass index (BMI). The prevalence of GDM in low-risk populations ranges from 1.4% to 2.8%; in high-risk populations, prevalence ranges from 3.3% to 6.1%. Markedly elevated maternal glucose levels most often occur in women with pregestational diabetes. Pregnant women with pregestational diabetes are at higher risk for multiple complications affecting both the mother and the fetus than those women without diabetes. Current therapy improves outcomes for both mother and neonate. The additional risk for adverse health outcomes attributable to the milder degrees of maternal hyperglycemia associated with GDM and the magnitude of the benefit from treating that risk are less certain. No well-designed and conducted randomized controlled trial (RCT) of screening for GDM has been completed, and thus the evidence for screening is indirect. National groups disagree about whether to recommend screening for GDM. Despite no strong recommendations in favor of universal screening from the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG), 94% of Fellows in office-based practices reported performing universal screening for GDM in 1996. Fellows performed this screening even though ACOG acknowledged the weakness in the evidence in both 1994 and 2000. With continued controversy around the advisability of GDM screening, the RTI-University of North Carolina Evidence-based Practice Center (RTI-UNC EPC) conducted a systematic evidence review to assist the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) in reconsidering its 1996 review, which found insufficient evidence to recommend screening. We restricted this review to screening for GDM after 24 weeks' gestation, thus excluding both women with known pregestational diabetes and those who are discovered by symptoms earlier in pregnancy.
GravitinoPack and decays of supersymmetric metastable particles
Creators: name: Eberl, Helmut
name: Spanos, Vassilis C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the package GravitinoPack that calculates the two- and three-body decays of unstable supersymmetric particles involving the gravitino in the final or initial state. In a previous paper, we already showed results for the gravitino decays into two and three particles. In this paper, we incorporate the processes where an unstable neutralino, stau or stop decays into a gravitino and Standard Model particles. This is the case in gravitino dark matter supersymmetric models, where the gravitino is the lightest SUSY particle. We give instructions for the installation and the use of the package. In the numerical analysis, we discuss various MSSM scenarios. We show that the calculation of all the decay channels and the three-body decay branching ratios is essential for the accurate application of cosmological bounds on these models.
description: 32 pages, 8 figures, 7 tables. The package can be downloaded from http://www.hephy.at/susytools/gravitinopack
title: Pleuroparenchimal fibroelastosis: prevalence of secondary and idiopathic forms in our experience
Creators: name: Mariani, Francesca
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Lung
subject: CT-High Resolution
subject: Complications
subject: Transplantation

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: PPFE (pleuroparenchimal fibroelastosis) is a rare interstitial pneumonia, recently included in the updated classification of IIPs (idiopathic interstitial pneumonias) [1], first described by Amitani et al. as a fibrosis of the upper lobes [2] and...
Combining band-frequency separation and deep neural networks for optoacoustic imaging
Creators: name: Gonzalez, Martin G.
name: Vera, Matias
name: Vega, Leonardo Rey
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: In this paper we consider the problem of image reconstruction in optoacoustic tomography. In particular, we devise a deep neural architecture that can explicitly take into account the band-frequency information contained in the sinogram. This is accomplished by two means. First, we jointly use a linear filtered back-projection method and a fully dense UNet for the generation of the images corresponding to each one of the frequency bands considered in the separation. Secondly, in order to train the model, we introduce a special loss function consisting of three terms: (i) a separating frequency bands term; (ii) a sinogram-based consistency term and (iii) a term that directly measures the quality of image reconstruction and which takes advantage of the presence of ground-truth images present in training dataset. Numerical experiments show that the proposed model, which can be easily trainable by standard optimization methods, presents an excellent generalization performance quantified by a number of metrics commonly used in practice. Also, in the testing phase, our solution has a comparable (in some cases lower) computational complexity, which is a desirable feature for real-time implementation of optoacoustic imaging.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures, 1 table, submitted to Optics and Lasers in Engineering
Stellar Populations and the Star Formation Histories of LSB Galaxies: V. WFC3 Color-Magnitude Diagrams
Creators: name: Schombert, J.
name: McGaugh, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present WFC3 observations of three low surface brightness (LSB) galaxies from the Schombert et. al LSB catalog that are within 11 Mpc of the Milky Way. Deep imaging at F336W, F555W and F814W allow the construction of the V-I color-magnitude diagrams (CMD) to M_I = -2. Overall 1869, 465 and 501 stellar sources are identified in the three LSB galaxies F415-3, F608-1 and F750-V1. The spatial distribution of young blue stars matches the H-alpha maps from ground-based imaging, indicating that star formation in LSB galaxies follows the same style as in other irregular galaxies. Several star complexes are identified, matching regions of higher surface brightness as seen from ground-based imaging. The color-magnitude diagrams for each LSB galaxy has the similar morphology to Local Volume (LV) dwarf galaxies, i.e. a blue main sequence, blue and red He burning branches and asymptotic giant branch (AGB) stars. The LSB CMD's distinguish themselves from nearby dwarf CMD's by having a higher proportional of blue main sequence stars and fewer AGB stars than expected from their mean metallicities. Current [Fe/H] values below -0.6 are deduced from the position of the red helium-burning branch (rHeB) stars in the V-I diagram. The distribution of stars on the blue helium-burning branch (bHeB) and rHeB from the U-V and V-I CMD indicate a history of constant star formation for the last 100 Myrs.
description: 43 pages, 22 figures, accepted in AJ
title: Spectral CT in rabbit VX2 liver tumor models: adaptive statistical iterative reconstruction associated with monochromatic image
Creators: name: Wang, Mingyue
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Abdomen
subject: CT
subject: Angioplasty
subject: Biological effects

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: To evaluate the value of adaptive statistical iterative reconstruction (ASIR) associated with monochromatic image of spectral CT in the rabbit VX2 liver tumor...
COVID19 & Mental Health (PIH)
Creators: name: Werntz, Alexandra
name: O'Shea, Brian
name: Teachman, Bethany
name: Lindgren, Kristen
name: Howell, Jennifer
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Psychiatry and Psychology
subject: Psychiatric and Mental Health
subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: Mental and Social Health
subject: Community Health
subject: COVID
subject: COVID-19

description: The present study examines three novel brief implicit association tests (BIATs; Sriram & Greenwald, 2009) that were developed to examine relatively automatic, less consciously-controlled associations related to COVID-19. The primary goal of this manuscript is to examine whether the novel COVID-19 BIATs incrementally predict self-reported measures of mental health (i.e., anxiety, depression symptoms) above and beyond explicit reports of beliefs about COVID-19. Also, to characterize the new BIAT measures and better understand their psychometric properties, we will examine how the novel BIATs relate to self-reported beliefs, behaviors, and history with COVID-19 and examine how these BIATs vary based on demographic variables. COVID-19 has had negative implications for mental health globally. Compared to early 2019, anxiety and depression were more prevalent during the initial months of the COVID-19 pandemic, with more than one third of adults screening positive for depressive disorders, anxiety disorders, or both in April and May of 2020 (Twenge & Joiner, 2020). Research on relatively more automatic and less consciously controlled measures of attitudes suggests that implicit associations tied to health predict health behavior intentions beyond explicit reports (Ratliff & Howell, 2015) and predict health information avoidance beyond explicit reports (Howell et al., 2016). Given that there are changes in mental health in the face of the global pandemic, we were interested in examining how implicit associations tied to the pandemic would relate to measures of mental health. Examining these relationships may provide some insight into cognitive processes associated with increased psychopathology during an international pandemic. Moreover, by understanding how relatively automatic and less-consciously controlled attitudes relate to psychopathology, we can better create interventions for reducing the immense burden of mental health challenges during a pandemic. Data collection started on 4/1/2020 following IRB approval to run this study. Hypotheses were drafted in October/November 2020 prior to any of the authors analyzing the data. Data was downloaded on 11/1/2020 for this manuscript (data collection is ongoing at the website). See attached file for more detailed information about the planned data anlyses.
Construction of porous supramolecular frameworks assembled from covalent cage compounds
Creators: name: Maria Thomas, Chriso
Publisher: name: The Australian National University
Year: 2021

description: This thesis describes the synthesis of cage molecules using covalent and non-covalent interactions and approaches to covalently modify the organic cages to form frameworks. Chapter 1 is an introduction to the field of supramolecular chemistry discussing the types of non-covalent interactions that can be used for self-assembly. It details the types of porous materials that are known with a focus on porous organic solids relevant to the thesis. Chapter 2 details the synthesis of covalent organic cages via threefold Eglinton coupling reactions and crystal packing studies of the resulting cages. The synthesis of the cage precursors via convergent and divergent synthetic approaches are detailed. Work includes the optimisation of synthetic conditions for a Si-centred unfunctionalised organic cage and examines the gas adsorption properties of this cage. To further expand the library, Si-centred nitrile and bromo functionalised cages are reported. Additionally, a hexanitrile functionalised organic cage formed from a tripodal C-centred building block and its crystal packing are described. Chapter 3 explores the synthesis of asymmetric organic cages via irreversible reactions. This chapter reports the synthesis and characterisation of unsymmetrical organic cages via Sonogashira coupling and CuAAC reactions. Chapter 4 investigate the preparation of organic cages via non-covalent interactions such as hydrogen and coordination bonds. Two new hydrogen bonding receptors are reported and the outcomes of self-assembly experiments with ditopic hydrogen bond acceptors are discussed. A novel tripodal tris-pyridyl ligand is prepared and the self-assembly of this ligand with Pd(II) and Ag(I) salts is studied. Chapter 5 details the post-synthetic modification of the covalent organic cages described in the previous chapters. The unfunctionalised silicon-centred cage is post-synthetically modified using cobalt octacarbonyl. The silicon and carbon centred hexanitrile cages are converted to hexakis(amidinium) cages and their assembly with carboxylate anions is explored. Chapter 6 contains the experimental procedure and characterisation data for the novel compounds synthesised in chapters 2-5. Spectral data for new compounds are provided in an Appendix. Chapter 7 summarises the major conclusions and future works of this thesis.
COVID19 & Mental Health (PIH) - Planned replication
Creators: name: Werntz, Alexandra
name: O'Shea, Brian
name: Teachman, Bethany
name: Lindgren, Kristen
name: Howell, Jennifer
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Psychiatry and Psychology
subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: covid
subject: covid-19

description: This is a pre-registration for the planned replication of the examination of COVID-19 implicit associations and their relationships with mental health variables.