cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Three-dimensional Character of the Magnetization Dynamics in Magnetic Vortex Structures - Hybridization of Flexure Gyromodes with Spin Waves
Creators: name: Noske, Matthias
name: Stoll, Hermann
name: Fähnle, Manfred
name: Gangwar, Ajay
name: Woltersdorf, Georg
name: Slavin, Andrei
name: Weigand, Markus
name: Dieterle, Georg
name: Förster, Johannes
name: Back, Christian H.
name: Schütz, Gisela
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Three-dimensional linear spin-wave eigenmodes of a Permalloy disk having finite thickness are studied by micromagnetic simulations based on the Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert equation. The eigenmodes found in the simulations are interpreted as linear superpositions (hybridizations) of 'approximate' three-dimensional eigenmodes, which are the fundamental gyromode $G_0$, the spin-wave modes and the higher-order gyromodes $G_N$ (flexure modes), the thickness dependence of which is represented by perpendicular standing spin waves. This hybridization leads to new and surprising dependencies of the mode frequencies on the disk thickness. The three-dimensional character of the eigenmodes is essential to explain the recent experimental results on vortex-core reversal observed in relatively thick Permalloy disks.
An EUV jet driven by a series of transition region micro-jets
Creators: name: Wei, Hengyuan
name: Huang, Zhenghua
name: Fu, Hui
name: Xiong, Ming
name: Xia, Lidong
name: Zhang, Chao
name: Deng, Kaiwen
name: Li, Haiyi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Jets are one of the most common eruptive events in the solar atmosphere, and they are believed to be important in the context of coronal heating and solar wind acceleration. We present an observational study on a sequence of jets with the data acquired with the Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO) and the Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph (IRIS). This sequence is peculiar in that an EUV jet, $\sim29\arcsec$ long and with a dome-like base, appears to be a consequence of a series of transition region (TR) micro-jets that are a few arcsecs in length.We find that the occurrence of any TR micro-jets is always associated with the change of geometry of micro-loops at the footpoints of the microjets. A bundle of TR flux ropes is seen to link a TR micro-jet to the dome-like structure at the base of the EUV jet. This bundle rises as a response to the TR micro-jets, with the rising motion eventually triggering the EUV jet. We propose a scenario involving a set of magnetic reconnections, in which the series of TR micro-jets are associated with the processes to remove the constraints to the TR flux ropes and thus allow them to rise and trigger the EUV jet. Our study demonstrates that small-scale dynamics in the lower solar atmosphere are crucial in understanding the energy and mass connection between the corona and the solar lower atmosphere, even though many of them might not pump mass and energy to the corona directly.
Precise determination of micromotion for trapped-ion optical clocks
Creators: name: Keller, J.
name: Partner, H. L.
name: Burgermeister, T.
name: Mehlstäubler, T. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: As relative systematic frequency uncertainties in trapped-ion spectroscopy are approaching the low $10^{-18}$ range, motional frequency shifts account for a considerable fraction of the uncertainty budget. Micromotion, a driven motion fundamentally connected to the principle of the Paul trap, is a particular concern in these systems. In this article, we experimentally investigate at this level three common methods for minimizing and determining the micromotion amplitude. We develop a generalized model for a quantitative application of the photon-correlation technique, which is applicable in the commonly encountered regime where the transition linewidth is comparable to the rf drive frequency. We show that a fractional frequency uncertainty due to the 2nd-order Doppler shift below $1\times 10^{-20}$ can be achieved. The quantitative evaluation is verified in an interleaved measurement with the conceptually simpler resolved sideband method. If not performed deep within the Lamb-Dicke regime, a temperature-dependent offset at the level of $10^{-19}$ is observed in resolved sideband measurements due to sampling of intrinsic micromotion. By direct comparison with photon-correlation measurements, we show that the simple to implement parametric heating method is sensitive to micromotion at the level of $1\times 10^{-20}$ as well.
description: 13 pages, 13 figures
Statistical unfolding of elementary particle spectra: Empirical Bayes estimation and bias-corrected uncertainty quantification
Creators: name: Kuusela, Mikael
name: Panaretos, Victor M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the high energy physics unfolding problem where the goal is to estimate the spectrum of elementary particles given observations distorted by the limited resolution of a particle detector. This important statistical inverse problem arising in data analysis at the Large Hadron Collider at CERN consists in estimating the intensity function of an indirectly observed Poisson point process. Unfolding typically proceeds in two steps: one first produces a regularized point estimate of the unknown intensity and then uses the variability of this estimator to form frequentist confidence intervals that quantify the uncertainty of the solution. In this paper, we propose forming the point estimate using empirical Bayes estimation which enables a data-driven choice of the regularization strength through marginal maximum likelihood estimation. Observing that neither Bayesian credible intervals nor standard bootstrap confidence intervals succeed in achieving good frequentist coverage in this problem due to the inherent bias of the regularized point estimate, we introduce an iteratively bias-corrected bootstrap technique for constructing improved confidence intervals. We show using simulations that this enables us to achieve nearly nominal frequentist coverage with only a modest increase in interval length. The proposed methodology is applied to unfolding the $Z$ boson invariant mass spectrum as measured in the CMS experiment at the Large Hadron Collider.
description: Published at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/15-AOAS857 in the Annals of Applied Statistics (http://www.imstat.org/aoas/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org). arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1401.8274
Policy Measures that Address Barriers and Market Failures in the Low-carbon Transition
Creators: name: Pisciella, Paolo
name: Crespo del Granado, Pedro
name: Backe, Stian
name: Barani, Mostafa
name: Morch, Andrei
name: Schmidt, Sarah
name: Burandt, Thorstein
name: Zwickl-Bernhard, Sebastian
name: Löffler, Konstantin
name: Graabak, Ingeborg
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Deliverable D7.3 is concerned with identifying, discussing and analysing the main barriers and incentives to investments in low-carbon solutions as well as the efficiency of possible policies to address the aforementioned barriers. This document focuses on the description of the directions that could be considered to address the aforementioned barriers and facilitate the transition to a low-carbon society. The analysis is performed starting from an individual viewpoint where the potential barriers related to the behavior of the individuals are identified and discussed. Then the focus moves towards the analysis of the business dimension, where it concentrates on the potential barriers that could limit the proliferation of new business models related to flexibility and peer-to-peer solutions to the local management of energy consumption and production. Next, the attention shifts to the study of bigger aggregates considering both the technical aspects and the welfare-related aspects, where the focus is placed on understanding what is the impact of the widely used global least-cost solution towards different Countries and sectors involved in the transition process. The analysis is carried out considering how the least-cost solution of a long-term energy system model suggests operating to decarbonize the European energy system and benchmark this suggestion with the actual possibility that the considered countries have to carry out the plans suggested by the optimization tool. Finally, an array of macroeconomic analyses of the effects of different types of barriers, from political to technological, is performed, as well as using the combination of a macroeconomic general equilibrium model and a long-term energy system model to understand which type of impact a decarbonization effort might have on the sectoral activities and on the economic growth of the European countries. The analysis is complemented with a survey investigating on stakeholders’ opinions about the impact of economic and regulatory aspects on the willingness to invest in low-carbon solutions. The main results shed light on the fact that technological development is key to the transition towards low carbon solutions and that regulatory aspects need to support the uptake and diffusion of new technology and promote cooperation, rather than penalize players that have not year caught up with the transition; this is further highlighted by the fact that calling off the decarbonization agreements by countries rich in fossil resources might bring economic benefits to those countries. This underlines how the decarbonization effort needs to be defined as a collective effort based on mutual help rather than on penalty mechanisms.
Best Tour Operators in Madurai  - Presidential Holidays
Creators: name: Presidential Holidays
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: Presidential Holidays, the best travel agency in Madurai, offers personalized tour packages for unforgettable journeys. We provide services like Kerala vacation packages, the best international tour package, Madurai to Rameshwaram one-day tour package, and the cheapest Bangkok tour package, ensuring memorable and budget-friendly experiences.Our Tour PackagesMadurai Rameshwaram Kanyakumari tour packageKerala vacation packagescheapest Bangkok tour packagedubai tour package from maduraisingapore tour packages from maduraiandaman nicobar package for couplehoneymoon packages to goaContact usVisit:https://www.presidentialholidays.in/Phone:+91 8925520335Email:sales@presidentialholidays.in
Simulating the Legacy Survey of Space and Time stellar content with TRILEGAL
Creators: name: Tio, Piero Dal
name: Pastorelli, Giada
name: Mazzi, Alessandro
name: Trabucchi, Michele
name: Costa, Guglielmo
name: Jacques, Alice
name: Pieres, Adriano
name: Girardi, Léo
name: Chen, Yang
name: Olsen, Knut A. G.
name: Juric, Mario
name: Ivezić, Željko
name: Yoachim, Peter
name: Clarkson, William I.
name: Marigo, Paola
name: Rodrigues, Thaise S.
name: Zaggia, Simone
name: Barbieri, Mauro
name: Momany, Yazan
name: Bressan, Alessandro
name: Nikutta, Robert
name: da Costa, Luiz Nicolaci
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe a large simulation of the stars to be observed by the Vera C. Rubin Observatory Legacy Survey of Space and Time (LSST). The simulation is based on the TRILEGAL code, which resorts to large databases of stellar evolutionary tracks, synthetic spectra, and pulsation models, added to simple prescriptions for the stellar density and star formation histories of the main structures of the Galaxy, to generate mock stellar samples through a population synthesis approach. The main bodies of the Magellanic Clouds are also included. A complete simulation is provided for single stars, down to the $r=27.5$ mag depth of the co-added wide-fast-deep survey images. A second simulation is provided for a fraction of the binaries, including the interacting ones, as derived with the BinaPSE module of TRILEGAL. We illustrate the main properties and numbers derived from these simulations, including: comparisons with real star counts; the expected numbers of Cepheids, long-period variables and eclipsing binaries; the crowding limits as a function of seeing and filter; the star-to-galaxy ratios, etc. Complete catalogs are accessible through the NOIRLab Astro Data Lab, while the stellar density maps are incorporated in the LSST metrics analysis framework (MAF).
description: Accepted for publication in the LSST focused ApJS issue
Investigation of the broadband emission of the gamma-ray binary HESS J0632+057 using an intrabinary shock model
Creators: name: Kim, Jinyoung
name: An, Hongjun
name: Mori, Kaya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigated a wealth of X-ray and gamma-ray spectral energy distribution (SED) and multi-band light curve (LC) data of the gamma-ray binary HESS J0632+057 using a phenomenological intrabinary shock (IBS) model. Our baseline model assumes that the IBS is formed by colliding winds from a putative pulsar and its Be companion, and particles accelerated in the IBS emit broadband radiation via synchrotron (SY) and inverse-Compton upscattering (ICS) processes. Adopting the latest orbital solution and system geometry (Tokayer et al. 2021), we reproduced the global X-ray and TeV LC features, two broad bumps at $ϕ\sim 0.3$ and $\sim0.7$, with the SY and ICS model components. We found these TeV LC peaks originate from ICS emission caused by the enhanced seed photon density near periastron and superior conjunction or Doppler-beamed emission of bulk-accelerated particles in the IBS at inferior conjunction. While our IBS model successfully explained most of the observed SED and LC data, we found that phase-resolved SED data in the TeV band require an additional component associated with ICS emission from pre-shock particles (produced by the pulsar wind). This finding indicates a possibility of delineating the IBS emission components and determining the bulk Lorentz factors of the pulsar wind at certain orbital phases.
description: 22 pages, 12 figures. Accepted for publication in ApJ
Modelling signal oscillations arising from electro-thermal coupling and stray capacitance in semiconducting bolometer impulse response
Creators: name: Stever, Samantha Lynn
name: Couchot, François
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Electro-thermal coupling in semiconductor bolometers is known to create nonlinearities in transient detector response, particularly when such detectors are biased outside of their ideal regions (i.e. past the turnover point in their IV curves). This effect is further compounded in the case where a stray capacitance in the bias circuit is present, for example in long cryogenic cabling. We present a physical model of the influence of such electro-thermal coupling and stray capacitance in a composite NTD germanium bolometer, in which previous experimental data at high $V_{\rm bias}$ resulted in oscillations of the impulse response of the detector to irradiation by alpha particles. The model reproduces the transient oscillations seen in the experimental data, depending both on electro-thermal coupling and stray capacitance. This is intended as an experimental and simulated example of such oscillations, demonstrated for the specific case of this bolometric detector.
description: Presented at Low Temperature Detectors 2021, accepted for publication in the Journal of Low Temperature Physics
Appendices from Posterior-based proposals for speeding up Markov chain Monte Carlo
Creators: name: C. M. Pooley
name: S. C. Bishop
name: A. Doeschl-Wilson
name: G. Marion
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Statistics
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 10299 Applied Mathematics not elsewhere classified
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Provide additional information not contained in the main text.
(689) John Davison
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Unveiling the interplay between the GASP jellyfish galaxy JO194 and its environment with Chandra
Creators: name: Bartolini, Chiara
name: Ignesti, Alessandro
name: Gitti, Myriam
name: Brighenti, Fabrizio
name: Wolter, Anna
name: Moretti, Alessia
name: Vulcani, Benedetta
name: Poggianti, Bianca M.
name: Gullieuszik, Marco
name: Fritz, Jacopo
name: Tomičić, Neven
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: X-ray studies of jellyfish galaxies opened a window in the physics of the interplay between intracluster medium (ICM) and interstellar medium (ISM). In this paper, we present the study of an archival \textit{Chandra} observation of the GASP jellyfish galaxy JO194. We observe X-ray emission extending from the stellar disk to the unwinding spiral arms with an average temperature of $kT=0.79\pm0.03$ keV. To investigate the origin of the X-ray emission, we compare the observed X-ray luminosities with those expected from the star formation rates (SFR) obtained from H$α$ emission. We estimate an X-ray luminosity excess of a factor $\sim2-4$ with respect to the SF, therefore we conclude that SF is not the main responsible for the extended X-ray emission of JO194. The metallicity in the spiral arms ($Z=0.24^{+0.19}_{-0.12} Z_{\odot}$) is consistent with that of the ICM around JO194 ($Z=0.35\pm0.07$), thus we suggest that the ICM radiative cooling dominates the X-ray emission of the arms. We speculate that the X-ray plasma results from the ISM-ICM interplay, although the nature of this interplay is still mostly unknown. Finally, we observe that the X-ray properties of JO194 are consistent with those of two other GASP galaxies with different stellar mass, phase-space conditions in their hosting clusters, and local ICM conditions. We suggest that the conditions required to induce extended X-ray emission in jellyfish galaxies are established at the beginning of the stripping, and they can persist on long time scales so that galaxies in different clusters and evolutionary stages can present similar extended X-ray emission.
description: 16 pages, 6 figures, accepted for publication on ApJ, on date 1st August 2022
A Resistance Twice Betrayed: Gender and Memory in the Autobiographical Accounts of Italian Partisans
Creators: name: Bocari, Jona
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2021

description: This Honors thesis explores the intersection of gender, memory and politics in postwar Italy by focusing on the analysis of four autobiographical accounts, two each by men and women, published between 1946 and 1963, in order to show how and why these recollections were deeply gendered. It locates these accounts within the broader context of the postwar memory construction of the Italian partisan struggle against Italian Fascists and Nazi Germany, in which a variety of memory media such as film, literature and monuments supported and popularized a gendered narrative of the Resistenza that became the foundation for the post-Fascist Italian republic. In this myth, only male partisans fought the enemy, while female partisans contributed to the partisan struggle via unarmed assistance of the resistance. This gendering responded to the challenge that women’s mobilization for the war effort and direct engagement as female partisans had posed to the conservative and deeply Catholic Italian society, in which men were the breadwinners and protectors of women and children, whereas women’s “natural” spheres were limited to the household and family in need for protection. This thesis shows how an essentialist understanding of gender and conventional gender norms, shared by many men and women from the left to the right of the political spectrum, functioned as a unifying element of a shared collective core narrative of the Resistenza.
(685) George Henry Hardie
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Mid-Infrared and Maser Flux Variability Correlation in Massive Young Stellar Object G036.70+00.09
Creators: name: Uchiyama, Mizuho
name: Ichikawa, Kohei
name: Sugiyama, Koichiro
name: Tanabe, Yoshihiro
name: Yonekura, Yoshinori
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the discovery of the simultaneous flux variation of a massive young stellar object (MYSO) G036.70+00.09 (G036.70) both in the maser emission and mid-infrared (MIR;$λ=3$--$5$~$μ$m) bands. Utilizing the ALLWISE and NEOWISE archival databases covering a long time span of approximately 10 years with a cadence of 6 months, we confirmed that G036.70 indicates a stochastic year-long MIR variability with no signs of the WISE band color change of W1 (3.4~$μ$m) $-$W2 (4.6~$μ$m). Cross-matching the MIR data set with the high-cadence 6.7~GHz class II methanol maser flux using a Hitachi 32-m radio telescope that discovered its periodicity in the methanol maser of 53.0--53.2 days, we also determine the flux correlations between the two bands at two different timescales, year-long and day-long, both of which have never been reported in MYSOs except when they are in a state of the accretion burst phase. The results of our study support the scenario that a class II methanol maser is pumped up by infrared emission from accreting disks of MYSOs. We also discuss the possible origins of MIR and maser variability. To explain the two observed phenomena, a stochastic year-long MIR variability with no signs of significant color change and maser-MIR variability correlation, change in mass accretion rate and line-of-sight extinction because of nonaxisymmetric dust density distribution in a rotating accretion disk are possible origins. Observations through spectroscopic monitoring of accretion-related emission lines are essential for determining the origin of the observed variability in G036.70.
description: 10 pages, 6 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ
Singlet-like Higgs bosons at present and future colliders
Creators: name: Buttazzo, Dario
name: Sala, Filippo
name: Tesi, Andrea
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The presence of extra scalar singlets is a feature of several motivated extensions of the Standard Model, and the mixing of such a singlet with the Higgs boson is allowed to be quite large by current experiments. In this paper we perform a thorough phenomenological study of this possibility. We consider both direct and indirect searches, and we quantify the current constraints as well as the prospects for future hadron and lepton machines - from the forthcoming LHC run up to a futuristic 100 TeV proton-proton collider. The direct reaches are obtained extrapolating the current limits with a technique that we discuss and check with various tests. We find a strong complementarity between direct and indirect searches, with the former dominating for lower values of the singlet mass. We also find that the trilinear Higgs coupling can have sizeable deviations from its Standard Model value, a fact for which we provide an analytical understanding. The results are first presented in a general scalar singlet extension of the Standard Model, taking advantage of the very small number of parameters relevant for the phenomenology. Finally, we specify the same analysis to a few most natural models, i.e. the Next-to-Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model, Twin Higgs and Composite Higgs.
description: 30 pages, 12 figures, 2 tables. v2: discussion extended in sections 2 and 5, references added, matches version published in JHEP
Electronic Supplementary Materials from Repeated sex chromosome evolution in vertebrates supported by expanded avian sex chromosomes.
Creators: name: Sigeman, Hanna
name: Ponnikas, Suvi
name: Chauhan, Pallavi
name: Dierickx, Elisa
name: M. De L. Brooke
name: Hansson, Bengt
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 60102 Bioinformatics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 60408 Genomics

description: Contains figure S1-S2 and tables S1-S10
On a banded link presentation of knotted surfaces
Creators: name: Jablonowski, Michal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We will discuss a method for visual presentation of knotted surfaces in the four space, by examining a number and a position of its Morse's critical points. Using this method, we will investigate surface-knot with one critical point of index 1. Then we show infinitely many mutually distinct surface-knots that has an embedding with two critical points of index 1. Next we define a long flat for a banded link for any surface-knot and show diagrammatically a long flat form of $n$-twist-spun $(2,t)$-torus knots.
Avalanche-like fluidization of a non-Brownian particle gel
Creators: name: Kurokawa, Aika
name: Vidal, Valérie
name: Kurita, Kei
name: Divoux, Thibaut
name: Manneville, Sébastien
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on the fluidization dynamics of an attractive gel composed of non-Brownian particles made of fused silica colloids. Extensive rheology coupled to ultrasonic velocimetry allows us to characterize the global stress response together with the local dynamics of the gel during shear startup experiments. In practice, after being rejuvenated by a preshear, the gel is left to age during a time $t_w$ before being submitted to a constant shear rate $\dot γ$. We investigate in detail the effects of both $t_w$ and $\dot γ$ on the fluidization dynamics and build a detailed state diagram of the gel response to shear startup flows. The gel may either display transient shear banding towards complete fluidization, or steady-state shear banding. In the former case, we unravel that the progressive fluidization occurs by successive steps that appear as peaks on the global stress relaxation signal. Flow imaging reveals that the shear band grows up to complete fluidization of the material by sudden avalanche-like events which are distributed heterogeneously along the vorticity direction and correlated to large peaks in the slip velocity at the moving wall. These features are robust over a wide range of values of $t_w$ and $\dot γ$, although the very details of the fluidization scenario vary with $\dot γ$. Finally, the critical shear rate $\dot γ^*$ that separates steady-state shear-banding from steady-state homogeneous flow depends on the width on the shear cell and exhibits a nonlinear dependence with $t_w$. Our work brings about valuable experimental data on transient flows of attractive dispersions, highlighting the subtle interplay between shear, wall slip and aging which modeling constitutes a major challenge that has not been met yet.
description: main: 12 pages, 10 figures; supplemental: 3 pages, 5 movies and 6 figures
A new class of chiral materials hosting magnetic skyrmions beyond room temperature
Creators: name: Tokunaga, Y.
name: Yu, X. Z.
name: White, J. S.
name: Rønnow, H. M.
name: Morikawa, D.
name: Taguchi, Y.
name: Tokura, Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Skyrmions, topologically protected vortex-like nanometric spin textures in magnets, have been attracting increasing attention for emergent electromagnetic responses and possible technological applications for spintronics. In particular, metallic magnets with chiral and cubic/tetragonal crystal structure may have high potential to host skyrmions that can be driven by low electrical current excitation. However, experimental observations of skyrmions have so far been limited to below room temperature for the metallic chiral magnets, specifically for the MnSi-type B20 compounds. Toward technological applications, it is crucial to transcend this limitation. Here we demonstrate the formation of skyrmions with unique spin helicity both at and above room temperature in a family of cubic chiral magnets: beta-Mn-type Co-Zn-Mn alloys with a different chiral space group from that of B20 compounds. Lorentz transmission electron microscopy (LTEM), magnetization, and small angle neutron scattering (SANS) measurements unambiguously reveal the formation of a skyrmion crystal under the application of magnetic field (H
description: 17 pages, 4 figures
(686) Mary Lydia Davison
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Higher Spins and Matter Interacting in Dimension Three
Creators: name: Kessel, Pan
name: Gomez, Gustavo Lucena
name: Skvortsov, E. D.
name: Taronna, Massimo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The spectrum of Prokushkin--Vasiliev Theory is puzzling in light of the Gaberdiel--Gopakumar conjecture because it generically contains an additional sector besides higher-spin gauge and scalar fields. We find the unique truncation of the theory avoiding this problem to order 2 in perturbations around AdS$_3$. The second-order backreaction on the physical gauge sector induced by the scalars is computed explicitly. The cubic action for the physical fields is determined completely. We comment on a different higher-spin theory without such additional fields at $λ=1$.
description: 55 pages + appendices, LaTex. Final version to appear in JHEP
COVID-19 Pandemic Effects on Depression, Anxiety, and Stress of Hemodialysis Patients
Creators: name: Palmiter, Emily
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2021

description: Hemodialysis patients are disproportionally at risk for depression and anxiety due to changes in functional status and financial and practical concerns. More recently in the year 2020, the Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) brought many behavioral and lifestyle changes related to quarantine policies. The purpose of this study was to evaluate changes in depression, anxiety, and stress among hemodialysis patients during the COVID-19 pandemic. 
This retrospective cohort study recruited 13 participants, ranging from age 18 to 60. Paper surveys were distributed to patients during treatment within an inpatient dialysis unit. This study used a modified version of the DASS-21 scale for depression, anxiety, and stress “before” the pandemic, as well as “during” the pandemic. A majority of participants’ final scores for depression and anxiety remained unchanged across the two time periods (53.8% and 69.2%, respectively). Of those participants, 53.8% demonstrated an increase in final stress scores with the emergence of the pandemic. 
Findings suggest that increases in stress among hemodialysis patients may be related to variables of the COVID-19 pandemic. In addition to personal risks and vulnerabilities, managing end stage renal disease and facing a global disease may explain the sample’s stress scores. Caregivers and healthcare providers should routinely assess hemodialysis patients’ cognitive, behavioral and emotional wellbeing. Further evaluation of exacerbating factors is needed to explore the overall effects of the COVID-19 pandemic among the population.
Relationship between Immigration of Medical Professionals and Health Measures
Creators: name: Alice Peng
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2021

description: The purpose of this study is to understand the relationship between the immigration of medical professionals and health measures. To answer this question, data from the NHIS (National Health Interview Survey) and the CPS (Current Population Survey) was analyzed, using a fixed-effects model and various methods to reduce endogeneity in the data. This paper found that, given the information provided in these surveys, there seems to be no significant improvements in the health measures: asthma, arthritis, BMI, and self-rated health status.
(687) George Edgar Davison
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Local temperatures of strongly-correlated quantum dots out of equilibrium
Creators: name: Ye, LvZhou
name: Hou, Dong
name: Zheng, Xiao
name: Yan, YiJing
name: Di Ventra, Massimiliano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Probes that measure the local thermal properties of systems out of equilibrium are emerging as new tools in the study of nanoscale systems. One can then measure the temperature of a probe that is weakly coupled to a bias-driven system. By tuning the probe temperature so that the expectation value of some observable of the system is minimally perturbed, one obtains a parameter that measures its degree of local statistical excitation, and hence its local heating. However, one anticipates that different observables may lead to different temperatures and thus different local heating expectations. We propose an experimentally realizable protocol to measure such local temperatures and apply it to bias-driven quantum dots. By means of a highly accurate open quantum system approach, we show theoretically that the measured temperature is quite insensitive both to the choice of observable and to the probe-system coupling. In particular, even with observables that are distinct both physically and in their degree of locality, such as the local magnetic susceptibility of the quantum dot and the global spin-polarized current measured at the leads, the resulting local temperatures are quantitatively similar for quantum dots ranging from noninteracting to Kondo-correlated regimes, and are close to those obtained with the traditional "local equilibrium" definition.
description: 10 pages, 6 figures
Dependence of the Radio Emission on the Eddington Ratio of Radio-Quiet Quasars
Creators: name: Alhosani, A.
name: Gelfand, J. D.
name: Zaw, I.
name: Laor, A.
name: Behar, E.
name: Chen, S.
name: Wrzosek, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Roughly 10% of quasars are "radio-loud", producing copious radio emission in large jets. The origin of the low-level radio emission seen from the remaining 90% of quasars is unclear. Observing a sample of eight radio-quiet quasars with the Very Long Baseline Array, we discovered that their radio properties depend strongly on their Eddington ratio (r_Edd=L_AGN/L_Edd). At lower Eddington ratios (r_Edd < 0.3), the total radio emission of the AGN predominately originates from an extremely compact region, possibly as small as the accretion disk. At higher Eddington ratios (r_Edd > 0.3), the relative contribution of this compact region decreases significantly, and though the total radio power remains about the same, the emission now originates from regions >100 pc large. The change in the physical origin of the radio-emitting plasma region with r_Edd is unexpected, as the properties of radio-loud quasars show no dependence with Eddington ratio. Our results suggest that at lower Eddington ratios the magnetised plasma is likely confined by the accretion disk corona, and only at higher Eddington ratios escapes to larger scales. Stellar-mass black holes show a similar dependence of their radio properties on the accretion rate, supporting the paradigm which unifies the accretion onto black holes across the mass range.
description: 17 pages, 4 figures, 6 tables. Accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journal (ApJ)
Supplementary Material and Methods from Social modularity: conserved genes and regulatory elements underlie caste-antecedent behavioural states in an incipiently social bee.
Creators: name: Shell, Wyatt A.
name: Rehan, Sandra M.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 60408 Genomics
subject: 60801 Animal Behaviour

description: The evolutionary origins of advanced eusociality, one of the most complex forms of phenotypic plasticity in nature, have long been a focus within the field of sociobiology. Although eusocial insects are known to have evolved from solitary ancestors, sociogenomic research among incipiently social taxa has only recently provided empirical evidence supporting theories that modular regulation and deeply conserved genes may play important roles in both the evolutionary emergence and elaboration of insect sociality. There remains, however, a paucity of data to further test the biological reality of these and other evolutionary theories among taxa in the earliest stages of social evolution. Here, we present brain transcriptomic data from the incipiently social small carpenter bee, Ceratina calcarata, which captures patterns of cis-regulation and gene expression associated with female maturation, and underlying two well-defined behavioural states, foraging and guarding, concurrently demonstrated by mothers and daughters during early autumn. We find that an incipiently social nest environment may dramatically affect gene expression. We further reveal foraging and guarding behaviours to be putatively caste-antecedent states in C. calcarata, and offer strong empirical support for the operation of modular regulation, involving deeply conserved and differentially expressed genes in the expression of early social forms.
Projectively-Compact Spinor Vertices and Space-Time Spin-Locality in Higher-Spin Theory
Creators: name: Vasiliev, M. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The concepts of compact and projectively-compact spin-local spinor vertices are introduced. Vertices of this type are shown to be space-time spin-local, i.e. their restriction to any finite subset of fields is space-time local. The known spinor spin-local cubic vertices with the minimal number of space-time derivatives are verified to be projectively-compact. This has the important consequence that spinor spin-locality of the respective quartic vertices would imply their space-time spin-locality. More generally, it is argued that the proper class of solutions of the non-linear higher-spin equations that leads to the minimally non-local (presumably space-time spin-local) vertices is represented by the projectively-compact vertices. The related aspects of the higher-spin holographic correspondence are briefly discussed.
description: 21 pages, no figures; V2: typos and wrong reference corrected, minor comments added. Matches the published version
A stochastic PDE approach to large N problems in quantum field theory: a survey
Creators: name: Shen, Hao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this survey we review some recent rigorous results on large N problems in quantum field theory, stochastic quantization and singular stochastic PDEs, and their mean field limit problems. In particular we discuss the O(N) linear sigma model on two and three dimensional torus. The stochastic quantization procedure leads to a coupled system of N interacting $Φ^4$ equations. In d = 2, we show uniform in N bounds for the dynamics and convergence to a mean-field singular SPDE. For large enough mass or small enough coupling, the invariant measures (i.e. the O(N) linear sigma model) converge to the massive Gaussian free field, the unique invariant measure of the mean-field dynamics, in a Wasserstein distance. We also obtain tightness for certain O(N) invariant observables as random fields in suitable Besov spaces as $N\to \infty$, along with exact descriptions of the limiting correlations. In d = 3, the estimates become more involved since the equation is more singular. We discuss in this case how to prove convergence to the massive Gaussian free field. The proofs of these results build on the recent progress of singular SPDE theory and combine many new techniques such as uniform in N estimates and dynamical mean field theory. These are based on joint papers with Scott Smith, Rongchan Zhu and Xiangchan Zhu.
description: 25 pages review article for ICMP 2021. To appear on a special issue of Journal of Mathematical Physics
(684) Elizabeth [Davison]
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
The Role of Race in Access to Public Water and Sewer Service in Halifax County, North Carolina
Creators: name: Grubbs, Banks
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2021

description: A number of studies have shown that Black people on the fringes of Southern towns and cities have been systematically denied access to public drinking water and sewer services. This paper analyzes the role of race in access to public water and sewer access within the extraterritorial jurisdictions of and the areas within one mile of municipal boundaries in Halifax County, North Carolina.
Utilizing publicly available tax data and census records, we quantified the proportion of people identifying as Black in Halifax County census blocks and identified which tax parcels had access to public water and/or sewer service. We then utilized a two-stage least squares regression to quantify the relationship between the proportion of Black people in a census block and the odds of a tax parcel in that block having access to public water and sewer, as mediated by the effect of population density. We found that, within ETJs, for every 10% increase in the proportion of people identifying as Black in a census block, the odds of a parcel in that same census block having public water service decreases by 12.3%, and the odds of having sewer service decreases by 8.3%. The same trend is found in the areas within one mile of town boundaries, where the odds of public water service decreases by 6.6% and odds of sewer service decreases by 5.1% for every 10% increase in the Black population proportion.
These results suggest that Black communities in these settings are more likely to be excluded from public water and sewer and show the need for further research to understand the health impacts of this exclusion.