cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
A New Lattice Action for Studying Topological Charge
Creators: name: Hernandez, Pilar
name: Sundrum, Raman
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a new lattice action for non-abelian gauge theories, which will reduce short-range lattice artifacts in the computation of the topological susceptibility. The standard Wilson action is replaced by the Wilson action of a gauge covariant interpolation of the original fields to a finer lattice. If the latter is fine enough, the action of all configurations with non-zero topological charge will satisfy the continuum bound. As a simpler example we consider the $O(3)$ $σ$-model in two dimensions, where a numerical analysis of discretized continuum instantons indicates that a finer lattice with half the lattice spacing of the original is enough to satisfy the continuum bound.
description: 12 pages, LateX, 1 figure
Enhanced Superconductivity and Suppression of Charge-density Wave Order in 2H-TaS$_2$ in the Two-dimensional Limit
Creators: name: Yang, Yafang
name: Fang, Shiang
name: Fatemi, Valla
name: Ruhman, Jonathan
name: Navarro-Moratalla, Efrén
name: Watanabe, Kenji
name: Taniguchi, Takashi
name: Kaxiras, Efthimios
name: Jarillo-Herrero, Pablo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: As superconductors are thinned down to the 2D limit, their critical temperature $T_c$ typically decreases. Here we report the opposite behavior, a substantial enhancement of $T_c$ with decreasing thickness, in 2D crystalline superconductor 2H-TaS$_2$. Remarkably, in the monolayer limit, $T_c$ increases to 3.4 K compared to 0.8 K in the bulk. Accompanying this trend in superconductivity, we observe suppression of the charge-density wave (CDW) transition with decreasing thickness. To explain these trends, we perform electronic structure calculations showing that a reduction of the CDW amplitude results in a substantial increase of the density of states at the Fermi energy, which contributes to the enhancement of $T_c$. Our results establish ultra-thin 2H-TaS$_2$ as an ideal platform to study the competition between CDW order and superconductivity.
Spatially resolved spectroscopy across stellar surfaces. I. Using exoplanet transits to analyze 3-D stellar atmospheres
Creators: name: Dravins, Dainis
name: Ludwig, Hans-Günter
name: Dahlén, Erik
name: Pazira, Hiva
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: CONTEXT: High-precision stellar analyses require hydrodynamic modeling to interpret chemical abundances or oscillation modes. Exoplanet atmosphere studies require stellar background spectra to be known along the transit path while detection of Earth analogs require stellar microvariability to be understood. Hydrodynamic 3-D models can be computed for widely different stars but have been tested in detail only for the Sun with its resolved surface features. Model predictions include spectral line shapes, asymmetries, and wavelength shifts, and their center-to-limb changes across stellar disks. AIMS: To observe high-resolution spectral line profiles across spatially highly resolved stellar surfaces, which are free from the effects of spatial smearing and rotational broadening present in full-disk spectra, enabling comparisons to synthetic profiles from 3-D models. METHODS: During exoplanet transits, successive stellar surface portions become hidden and differential spectroscopy between various transit phases provides spectra of small surface segments temporarily hidden behind the planet. Planets cover no more than about 1% of any main-sequence star, enabling high spatial resolution but demanding very precise observations. Realistically measurable quantities are identified through simulated observations of synthetic spectral lines. RESULTS: In normal stars, line profile ratios between various transit phases may vary by some 0.5%, requiring S/N ratios of 5,000 or more for meaningful spectral reconstruction. While not yet realistic for individual spectral lines, this is achievable for cool stars by averaging over numerous lines with similar parameters. CONCLUSIONS: For bright host stars of large transiting planets, spatially resolved spectroscopy is currently practical. More observable targets are likely to be found in the near future by ongoing photometric searches.
description: Accepted by Astronomy & Astrophysics; 14 pages, 12 figures
Schumacher's quantum data compression as a quantum computation
Creators: name: Cleve, Richard
name: DiVincenzo, David P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An explicit algorithm for performing Schumacher's noiseless compression of quantum bits is given. This algorithm is based on a combinatorial expression for a particular bijection among binary strings. The algorithm, which adheres to the rules of reversible programming, is expressed in a high-level pseudocode language. It is implemented using $O(n^3)$ two- and three-bit primitive reversible operations, where $n$ is the length of the qubit strings to be compressed. Also, the algorithm makes use of $O(n)$ auxiliary qubits; however, space-saving techniques based on those proposed by Bennett are developed which reduce this workspace to $O(\sqrt{n})$ while increasing the running time by less than a factor of two.
description: 37 pages, no figures
Estimating Fault Friction from Seismic Signals in the Laboratory
Creators: name: Rouet-Leduc, Bertrand
name: Hulbert, Claudia
name: Bolton, David C.
name: Ren, Christopher X.
name: Riviere, Jacques
name: Marone, Chris
name: Guyer, Robert A.
name: Johnson, Paul A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Nearly all aspects of earthquake rupture are controlled by the friction along the fault that progressively increases with tectonic forcing, but in general cannot be directly measured. We show that fault friction can be determined at any time, from the continuous seismic signal. In a classic laboratory experiment of repeating earthquakes, we find that the seismic signal follows a specific pattern with respect to fault friction, allowing us to determine the fault's position within its failure cycle. Using machine learning, we show that instantaneous statistical characteristics of the seismic signal are a fingerprint of the fault zone shear stress and frictional state. Further analysis of this fingerprint leads to a simple equation of state quantitatively relating the seismic signal power and the friction on the fault. These results show that fault zone frictional characteristics and the state of stress in the surroundings of the fault can be inferred from seismic waves, at least in the laboratory.
description: 12 pages, 4 figures. Supplementary material not included
“Undue” Delegation: Private Delegation And Other Strategies To Challenge Admitting-Privileges Laws
Creators: Ma, Jacqueline Y.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Constitutional amendments
subject: Women's rights
subject: Women's health services--Law and legislation
subject: Local government--Law and legislation
subject: Abortion--Law and legislation
subject: Law
subject: FOS: Law

description: This Note focuses on admitting-privileges laws, a type of TRAP law that requires physicians who provide abortions to obtain staff privileges at a hospital within a certain distance from their clinics. Without these required privileges, physicians performing abortions risk civil and criminal penalties. These laws are especially concerning because they give area hospitals an effective veto over a clinic’s operations, effectively outsourcing the power to deny licenses to private entities. Admitting-privileges decisions are often discretionary for hospital administrators; a hospital’s denial of admitting privileges also lacks state oversight or external appeals. Admitting-privileges laws are being ratified throughout many states, but have proven resistant to traditional substantive due process challenges. In addition to traditional “undue burden” analysis, a multipronged approach to reproductive rights litigation and advocacy is necessary. Part I of this Note sets forth a brief history of the right to choose an abortion and the current federal legal framework. Then, it details recent state legislative and ballot initiatives aimed at regulating abortion providers. Part II explains the complications of using the “undue burden” doctrine in constitutional challenges to state action, as illuminated by recent cases litigating admitting-privileges laws. It further introduces private-delegation challenges as an alternative method to examine the constitutionality of these laws. Part III looks at the history of private-delegation challenges with respect to admitting-privileges laws and touches on other possible avenues to challenge admitting-privileges regulations.
Advancing Sustainable Energy Practices: The Transition from Fossil Fuels to Biogas
Creators: name: Dusssan, Karl
name: Eftim, Geta
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 410404
subject: Environmental management

description: This research paper examines the potential of biogas as a sustainable alternative to fossil fuels. With the increasing global concern over climate change and the depletion of fossil fuel resources, the search for renewable and environmentally friendly energy sources has become imperative. Biogas, produced through the anaerobic digestion of organic matter like press mud, presents a promising solution to these challenges. This paper discusses the production process, environmental benefits, challenges, and future prospects of biogas as a viable replacement for fossil fuels. The findings suggest that biogas has the potential to play a significant role in transitioning towards a more sustainable energy future.
On the Cohomology of the Lie Superalgebra of Contact Vector Fields on $S^{1|2}$
Creators: name: Agrebaoui, Boujemaa
name: Fraj, Nizar Ben
name: Omri, Salem
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the first cohomology space associated with the embedding of the Lie superalgebra $\cK(2)$ of contact vector fields on the (1,2)-dimensional supercircle $S^{1\mid 2}$ in the Lie superalgebra $\cSΨ\cD \cO(S^{1\mid 2})$ of superpseudodifferential operators with smooth coefficients. Following Ovsienko and Roger, we show that this space is ten-dimensional with only even cocycles and we give explicit expressions of the basis cocycles.
description: Accepted for publication at the Journal of Nonlinear Mathematical Physics
Spatially resolved spectroscopy across stellar surfaces. II. High-resolution spectra across HD209458 (G0V)
Creators: name: Dravins, Dainis
name: Ludwig, Hans-Günter
name: Dahlén, Erik
name: Pazira, Hiva
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: CONTEXT: High-resolution spectroscopy across spatially resolved stellar surfaces aims at obtaining spectral-line profiles that are free from rotational broadening; the gradual changes of these profiles from disk center toward the stellar limb reveal properties of atmospheric fine structure, which are possible to model with 3-D hydrodynamics. AIMS: Previous such studies have only been carried out for the Sun but are now extended to other stars. In this work, profiles of photospheric spectral lines are retrieved across the disk of the planet-hosting star HD209458 (G0V). METHODS: During exoplanet transit, stellar surface portions successively become hidden and differential spectroscopy provides spectra of small surface segments temporarily hidden behind the planet. The method was elaborated in Paper I, with observable signatures quantitatively predicted from hydrodynamic simulations. RESULTS: From observations of HD209458 with spectral resolution R=80,000, photospheric FeI line profiles are obtained at several center-to-limb positions, reaching adequately high S/N after averaging over numerous similar lines CONCLUSIONS: Retrieved line profiles are compared to synthetic line profiles. Hydrodynamic 3-D models predict, and current observations confirm, that photospheric absorption lines become broader and shallower toward the stellar limb, reflecting that horizontal velocities in stellar granulation are greater than vertical velocities. Additional types of 3-D signatures will become observable with the highest resolution spectrometers at large telescopes.
description: Accepted by Astronomy & Astrophysics; 12 pages, 17 figures
title: 01_0991
Creators: name: Wesley Baldwin, John
name: Baldwin, John W.
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris
subject: LaMOP

description: L'ensemble de ces notes ont été crée par John Baldwin lors d'une de ses premières périodes de résidence à Paris. Ces documents comprennent tous les magistri qu’il avait pu rencontrer dans ses sources. Aux XIIème et XIIIème siècles, les universités n'existant pas encore, le titre de magister s'il évoque certainement une compétence n'est pas rattaché de façon systématique au passage par les écoles. De surcroît, les magistris sont le plus souvent désignés par leur seul prénom. La lecture de ces données est donc difficile et suppose un long travail pour tenter d'identifier un individu auquel on pourrait rattacher plusieurs mentions. John Baldwin avait donc renoncé à utiliser ces données pour donner un prolongement à sa magnifique étude sur les gradués d'université et leur emploi par les Capétiens et les Plantagenêts. Néanmoins, il a conservé ces données et elles sont potentiellement très utile dans le cadre de Studium, comme le sont toutes les mentions dans les volumes des Fasti Ecclesiae Gallicanae de chanoines portant ce titre de magister sans autres précisions. L'ampleur des dépouillements rend ces données très utiles et nous devons une grande reconnaissance à John Baldwin pour avoir pris la peine de faire photocopier ses fiches et de nous les avoir transmises amicalement.
Les données ainsi que les images des fiches sont accessibles sur le site Internet à l'adresse suivante : http://studium-baldwin.lamop.fr/.
Les transcriptions des fiches ont été effectuées par des étudiants de Paris 1 Panthéon - Sorbonne mais elles n'ont pas été corrigées par la suite.
description: Relation: https://lamop.hypotheses.org/
XSS J00564+4548 and IGR J00234+6141 -- new cataclysmic variables from RXTE and INTEGRAL all sky surveys
Creators: name: Bikmaev, I. F.
name: Revnivtsev, M. G.
name: Burenin, R. A.
name: Sunyaev, R. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the results of optical identification of two X-ray sources from RXTE and INTEGRAL all sky surveys: XSS J00564+4548 and IGR J00234+6141. Using the optical data from Russian-Turkish 1.5-m Telescope (RTT150) and SWIFT X-ray observations, we show that these sources most probably are intermediate polars, i.e. binary systems with accreting white dwarfs with not very strong magnetic field (
description: 5 pages, 8 figures, accepted for publication in Astronomy Letters
Rational Homological Stability for Automorphisms of Manifolds
Creators: name: Grey, Matthias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We show rational homological stability for the homotopy automorphisms and block diffeomorphims of iterated connected sums of products of spheres. The spheres can have different dimension, but need to satisfy a certain connectivity assumption. The main theorems of this paper extend homological stability results for automorphism spaces of connected sums of products of spheres of the same dimension by Berglund and Madsen.
Deforming the Lie Superalgebra of Contact Vector Fields on $S^{1|1}$
Creators: name: Agrebaoui, Boujemaa
name: Fraj, Nizar Ben
name: Omri, Salem
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We classify nontrivial deformations of the standard embedding of the Lie superalgebra K(1) of contact vector fields on the (1,1)-dimensional supercircle into the Lie superalgebra of superpseudodifferential operators on the supercircle. This approach leads to the deformations of the central charge induced on K(1) by the canonical central extension of $SΨDO$.
"Massive Stroke" -- Email from the Son of F.F. Bosworth
Creators: name: Barnes, Roscoe
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 220401 Christian Studies (incl. Biblical Studies and Church History)
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: 210304 Biography
subject: FOS: History and archaeology
subject: 220402 Comparative Religious Studies
subject: History
subject: 210399 Historical Studies not elsewhere classified
subject: Religious Studies
subject: 220405 Religion and Society

description: Copyright (c) 2004 by Roscoe Barnes III
#FFBosworth
During the early stages of my research on F. F. Bosworth, I reached out to his son, Robert V. Bosworth, for assistance. At the time, his son was living in South Africa, where he and his wife, Stella, ministered through World Outreach Inc. When I contacted Robert (who liked to be called Bob) via email, he replied by saying he would not be able to help me because of a serious illness. He had suffered a massive stroke. Robert is now deceased. This document is a copy of the email he sent to me in 2004.
NOTE: For more information on F.F. Bosworth, please visit: ffbosworth.strikingly.com
#ChristTheHealer
Defying Congressional Intent: Justices Miller and Bradley Alter the Course of Reconstruction
Creators: Montoya, John
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Law
subject: FOS: Law
subject: Reconstruction (United States : 1865-1877)
subject: African American--Civil rights
subject: Separation of powers
subject: Race discrimination--Law and legislation

description: Following the end of the Civil War, the 39th Congress met to consider legislative proposals that would grant to Blacks the same civil rights and statutory guarantees then afforded to whites. To that end, the 39th Congress passed two Constitutional amendments, several civil rights bills, and a series of enforcement acts. In the process, Congress made clear in its debates that the federal government would have an expanded role in the domain of civil rights protection and enforcement of Constitutional mandates. The United States Supreme Court, in considering the federal government’s authority, failed to acknowledge the intent of Congress in this respect. This article argues that the failure of the Court to recognize and apply this intent significantly impeded the development of civil rights for Blacks and encouraged a disregard for equal enforcement of Constitutional guarantees that continues, in part, to the present.
Exponentially Slow Heating in Short and Long-range Interacting Floquet Systems
Creators: name: Machado, Francisco
name: Meyer, Gregory D.
name: Else, Dominic V.
name: Nayak, Chetan
name: Yao, Norman Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the dynamics of periodically-driven (Floquet) Hamiltonians with short- and long-range interactions, finding clear evidence for a thermalization time, $τ^*$, that increases exponentially with the drive frequency. We observe this behavior, both in systems with short-ranged interactions, where our results are consistent with rigorous bounds, and in systems with long-range interactions, where such bounds do not exist at present. Using a combination of heating and entanglement dynamics, we explicitly extract the effective energy scale controlling the rate of thermalization. Finally, we demonstrate that for times shorter than $τ^*$, the dynamics of the system is well-approximated by evolution under a time-independent Hamiltonian $D_{\mathrm{eff}}$, for both short- and long-range interacting systems.
description: 6+7 pages, 4+8 figures
Examining the effectiveness of China’s helmet promotion campaign: a before-and-after study: supplemental file
Creators: name: Ning, Peishan
name: Zong, Huiying
name: Li, Li
name: Cheng, Peixia
name: Schwebel, David C.
name: Yang, Yang
name: Yang, Lei
name: Wu, Youyou
name: Zhao, Min
name: Hu, Guoqing
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: classificationCode: 440706
subject: Health policy

description: Examining the effectiveness of China’s helmet promotion policy: a
before-and-after study: supplemental file
Talking Black: Destigmatizing Black English and Funding Bi-Dialectal Education Programs
Creators: Beaubrun, Gelsey G.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Law
subject: FOS: Law
subject: Black English
subject: English language--Study and teaching--African American students
subject: African American students
subject: Literacy--Social aspects

description: During colonial and antebellum American history, slaveholding states enacted anti-literacy laws that prohibited teaching enslaved people how to read or write. Later iterations of these laws criminalized the education of African Americans—enslaved or free—in response to conspiracies and insurrections led by literate enslaved and free African Americans. These enactments along with the customs of violence on slave plantations inevitably resulted in a mostly illiterate enslaved population. The legacy of literacy proscription, through segregated schools, continued to impair the quality of education that Black children received. Because of unresolved opportunity gaps, the low literacy rates of Black children and the disparity in academic achievement between Black and White children remain pressing issues for school reformers. Anti-literacy statutes also prevented enslaved Africans from formally learning the rules and grammar of standard American English. Consequently, enslaved Africans created their own English dialect—African American Vernacular English (“AAVE”). AAVE is an English language variety whose structure and grammar conflicts with standard English, at times. Today, many Black children enter school speaking AAVE. Furthermore, linguistic research documents the academic challenges faced by Black children who speak AAVE. Current education law does not explicitly account or provide remedial support for children who speak AAVE. This Note argues that the often overlooked linguistic barriers presented by children who speak AAVE is the primary driver of low literacy rates among black children. This Note recommends allocating federal funding for the implementation of bi-dialectal programs for AAVE-speaking children to ensure that Black children have access to equal educational opportunities.
ESF_1.pdf
Creators: name: Daruj Aniwattanapong
name: Sookjaroen Tangwongchai
name: Thitiporn Supasitthumrong
name: Solaphat Hemrunroj
name: Chavit Tunvirachaisakul
name: Itthipol Tawankanjanachot
name: Phenphichcha Chuchuen
name: Thiti Snabboon
name: Carvalho, Andre F.
name: Maes, Michael
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: Behavioral Neuroscience

description: Differences in lipid variables between normal volunteers (NV) and participants with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and Alzheimers’s disease (AD).
Dawning of the N=32 shell closure seen through precision mass measurements of neutron-rich titanium isotopes
Creators: name: Leistenschneider, E.
name: Reiter, M. P.
name: Andrés, S. Ayet San
name: Kootte, B.
name: Holt, J. D.
name: Navrátil, P.
name: Babcock, C.
name: Barbieri, C.
name: Barquest, B. R.
name: Bergmann, J.
name: Bollig, J.
name: Brunner, T.
name: Dunling, E.
name: Finlay, A.
name: Geissel, H.
name: Graham, L.
name: Greiner, F.
name: Hergert, H.
name: Hornung, C.
name: Jesch, C.
name: Klawitter, R.
name: Lan, Y.
name: Lascar, D.
name: Leach, K. G.
name: Lippert, W.
name: McKay, J. E.
name: Paul, S. F.
name: Schwenk, A.
name: Short, D.
name: Simonis, J.
name: Somà, V.
name: Steinbrügge, R.
name: Stroberg, S. R.
name: Thompson, R.
name: Wieser, M. E.
name: Will, C.
name: Yavor, M.
name: Andreoiu, C.
name: Dickel, T.
name: Dillmann, I.
name: Gwinner, G.
name: Plaß, W. R.
name: Scheidenberger, C.
name: Kwiatkowski, A. A.
name: Dilling, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A precision mass investigation of the neutron-rich titanium isotopes $^{51-55}$Ti was performed at TRIUMF's Ion Trap for Atomic and Nuclear science (TITAN). The range of the measurements covers the $N=32$ shell closure and the overall uncertainties of the $^{52-55}$Ti mass values were significantly reduced. Our results confirm the existence of a weak shell effect at $N=32$, establishing the abrupt onset of this shell closure. Our data were compared with state-of-the-art \textit{ab-initio} shell model calculations which, despite very successfully describing where the $N=32$ shell gap is strong, overpredict its strength and extent in titanium and heavier isotones. These measurements also represent the first scientific results of TITAN using the newly commissioned Multiple-Reflection Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometer (MR-TOF-MS), substantiated by independent measurements from TITAN's Penning trap mass spectrometer.
Heavy ion-acoustic rogue waves in electron-positron multi-ion plasmas
Creators: name: Chowdhury, N. A.
name: Mannan, A.
name: Hasan, M. M.
name: Mamun, A. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The nonlinear propagation of heavy-ion-acoustic (HIA) waves (HIAWs) in a four component multi-ion plasma (containing inertial heavy negative ions and light positive ions, as well as inertialess nonextensive electrons and positrons) has been theoretically investigated. The nonlinear Schrödinger (NLS) equation is derived by employing the reductive perturbation method. It is found that the NLS equation leads to the modulational instability (MI) of HIAWs, and to the formation of HIA rogue waves (HIARWs), which are due to the effects of nonlinearity and dispersion in the propagation of HIAWs. The conditions for MI of HIAWs, and the basic properties of the generated HIARWs are identified. It is observed that the striking features (viz. instability criteria, growth rate of MI, amplitude and width of HIARWs, etc.) of the HIAWs are significantly modified by effects of nonextensivity of electrons and positrons, ratio of light positive ion mass to heavy negative ion mass, ratio of electron number density to light positive ion number density, and ratio of electron temperature to positron temperature, etc. The relevancy of our present investigation to the observations in the space (viz. cometary comae and earth's ionosphere) and laboratory (laser plasma interaction experimental devices) plasmas is pointed out.
description: Submitted to Chaos
The Immigrant Plight / Immigration Law: A Study in Intractibility
Creators: Ferguson, Robert A.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Slavery
subject: Slavery in literature
subject: Emigration and immigration in literature
subject: Emigration and immigration law
subject: Law
subject: FOS: Law

description: Intractable problems, ones that defy solution because of conflicting lines of force, almost always require an outside catalyst for any movement toward an answer. This Essay explores intractability through two parallel historical moments of conflict: debate over slavery in ante-bellum America and debate over aliens in current America. Severe discrimination (based on difference, racial prejudice, communal identity formation, and larger psychological needs) deprives these disadvantaged groups of human rights and the protection of law. Nineteenth-century slavery and twenty-first century illegal immigration also share another quality. Both stimulate virulent forms of rhetorical excess that endanger the body politic and threaten the social fabric of an increasingly divided United States. The connection of law and literature offers a catalyst, an opportunity for a change in perspective through the power of fiction. As Harriet Beecher Stowe‘s novel, Uncle Tom‘s Cabin, forced recognitions of a common humanity against slavery, so Henry Roth‘s classic immigrant novel, Call It Sleep, indicates some of what is currently needed now. The synergy between legal and literary forms of address encourages a deeper realization, and that realization, in turn, raises a question about intractable problems in general. Can the rule of law, when law itself is questioned, respond through its equal partner, the right to free expression?
The structure of young embedded protostellar discs
Creators: name: MacFarlane, Benjamin A.
name: Stamatellos, Dimitris
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Young protostellar discs provide the initial conditions for planet formation. The properties of these discs may be different from those of late-phase (T Tauri) discs due to continuing infall from the envelope and protostellar variability resulting from irregular gas accretion. We use a set of hydrodynamic simulations to determine the structure of discs forming in collapsing molecular clouds. We examine how radiative feedback from the host protostar affects the disc properties by examining three regimes: without radiative feedback, with continuous radiative feedback and with episodic feedback, similar to FU Ori-type outbursts. We find that the radial surface density and temperature profiles vary significantly as the disc accretes gas from the infalling envelope. These profiles are sensitive to the presence of spiral structure, induced by gravitational instabilities, and the radiative feedback provided by the protostar, especially in the case when the feedback is episodic. We also investigate whether mass estimates from position-velocity (PV) diagrams are accurate for early-phase discs. We find that the protostellar system mass (i.e. the mass of the protostar and its disc) is underestimated by up to 20%, due to the impact of an enhanced radial pressure gradient on the gas. The mass of early-phase discs is a significant fraction of the mass of the protostar, so position-velocity diagrams cannot accurately provide the mass of the protostar alone. The enhanced radial pressure gradient expected in young discs may lead to an increased rate of dust depletion due to gas drag, and therefore to a reduced dust-to-gas ratio.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS, 15 Pages, 12 Figures, 2 Tables
Deep Learning for HEP on HPC at NERSC
Creators: name: Bhimji, Wahid
name: Farrell, Steven
name: Mustafa, Mustafa
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019

description: We present recent work in supporting deep learning for particle physics and cosmology at NERSC, the US Dept. of Energy mission HPC center. We describe infrastructure and software to support both large-scale distributed training across (CPU and GPU) HPC resources and for productive interfaces via Jupyter notebooks. We also detail plans for accelerated hardware for deep learning in the future HPC machines at NERSC, 'Perlmutter' and beyond. We demonstrate these capabilities with a characterisation of the emerging deep learning workload running at NERSC. We also present use of these resources to implement specific cutting-edge applications including conditional Generative Adversarial Networks for particle physics and dark-matter cosmology simulations and bayesian inference via probabilistic programming for LHC analyses.
Questionnaire.pdf
Creators: name: Silva, Eduardo Silverio Da
name: Camboim, Silvana Philippi
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 90901 Cartography
subject: FOS: Environmental engineering

description: Questionnaire aplied to a group all over the word to search for requirements for Academic Spatial Data Infrastructures.
Definable minimal collapse functions at arbitrary projective levels
Creators: name: Kanovei, Vladimir
name: Lyubetsky, Vassily
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Logic (math.LO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 03E10, 03E15, 03E35

description: Using a non-Laver modification of Uri Abraham's minimal $\varDelta^1_3$ collapse function, we define a generic extension $L[a]$ by a real $a$, in which, for a given $n\ge3$, $\{a\}$ is a lightface $\varPi^1_n$ singleton, $a$ effectively codes a cofinal map $ω\toω_1^L$ minimal over $L$, while every $\varSigma^1_n$ set $X\subseteqω$ is still constructible.
description: 30 pages
title: Avant-propos_Comment concevoir et aménager le jardin fruitier de l'amateur et le jardin scolaire
Creators: name: AmateurS
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2020

description: Avant-propos
description: ID_PARA_00622
Expansion of Kes 73, a Shell Supernova Remnant Containing a Magnetar
Creators: name: Borkowski, Kazimierz J.
name: Reynolds, Stephen P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Of the 30 or so Galactic magnetars, about 8 are in supernova remnants (SNRs). One of the most extreme magnetars, 1E 1841-045, is at the center of the SNR Kes 73 (G27.4+0.0), whose age is uncertain. We measure its expansion using three Chandra observations over 15 yr, obtaining a mean rate of 0.023% +/- 0.002% per yr. For a distance of 8.5 kpc, we obtain a shell velocity of 1100 km/s and infer a blast-wave speed of 1400 km/s. For Sedov expansion into a uniform medium, this gives an age of 1800 yr. Derived emission measures imply an ambient density of about 2 cm$^{-3}$ and an upper limit on the swept-up mass of about 70 solar masses, with lower limits of tens of solar masses, confirming that Kes 73 is in an advanced evolutionary stage. Our spectral analysis shows no evidence for enhanced abundances as would be expected from a massive progenitor. Our derived total energy is $1.9 \times 10^{51}$ erg, giving a very conservative lower limit to the magnetar's initial period of about 3 ms, unless its energy was lost by non-electromagnetic means. We see no evidence of a wind-blown bubble as would be produced by a massive progenitor, or any evidence that the progenitor of Kes 73/1E 1841-045 was anything but a normal red supergiant producing a Type IIP supernova, though a short-lived stripped-envelope progenitor cannot be absolutely excluded. Kes 73's magnetar thus joins SGR 1900+14 as magnetars resulting from relatively low-mass progenitors.
description: 9 pages, 2 figures, 2 tables, accepted for publication in ApJ
Zero-deadtime processing in beta spectroscopy for measurement of the non-zero neutrino mass
Creators: name: LaRoque, Benjamin
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019

description: The Project 8 collaboration seeks to measure, or more tightly bound, the mass of the electron antineutrino by applying a novel spectroscopy technique to precision measurement of the tritium beta-decay spectrum. For the current, lab-bench-scale, phase of the project a single digitizer produces 3.2 GB/s of raw data. An onboard FPGA uses digital down conversion to extract three 100 MHz wide (roughly 1.6 keV) frequency regions of interest, and transmits both the time and frequency domain representation of each region over a local network connection for a total of six streams, each at 200 MB/s. Online processing uses the frequency-domain representation to implement a trigger based on excesses of power within a narrow frequency band and extended in time. When the trigger condition is met, the corresponding time-domain data are saved, reducing the total data volume and rate while allowing for more sophisticated offline event reconstruction. For the next phase of the experiment, the channel count will increase by a factor of sixty. Each channel will receive signals from the full source volume, but at amplitudes below what is detectable. Phase-shifted combinations of all channels will coherently enhance the amplitude of signals from a particular sub-volume to detectable levels, and tiling set of such phase shifts will allow the entire source volume to be scanned for events. We present the online processing system which has successfully been deployed for the current, single-channel, phase. We also present the status and design for a many-channel platform.
Beyond Protecting Genetic Privacy: Understanding Genetic Discrimination Through its Disparate Impact on Racial Minorities
Creators: Sokhansanj, Bahrad A.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: DNA
subject: African Americans
subject: Race discrimination
subject: Race discrimination--Law and legislation
subject: Law
subject: FOS: Law

description: At the very end of the last century, scientists produced the first draft of the whole human genetic sequence. But that was just the first step; the hard work of the first few decades of this century will be to learn more about how to apply genetic information to improve health. As the pace of technological development accelerates and we learn more about what genetic variations mean about individual human characteristics and health risks, so too does the risk and consequences of the misuse of such information become more significant. The principal answer to this challenge has been to safeguard privacy by constructing legal and technical barriers that conceal and anonymize genetic information. While it may be a worthwhile objective, ultimately privacy protections will likely fail in practice. If this is so, how can we prevent genetic information from being used to categorize, stigmatize, and subordinate? This Note approaches this problem by analyzing the African American experience with genetic discrimination in the United States. African Americans have confronted the adverse consequences of genetic research in ways that can serve as a foundation to understand future threats posed to racial minorities and everyone in society, as genetic testing increases in prevalence and the privacy of genetic information is unable to be protected. Studying the real history of genetic discrimination, rather than merely speculating about what may happen, can point toward policy solutions that go beyond ―genetic privacy.‖ As genetic information becomes more plentiful and valuable, policies to prevent the misuse of that information will benefit everyone, regardless of race or ethnicity.
Diffusive Tidal Evolution for Migrating hot Jupiters
Creators: name: Wu, Yanqin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: I consider a Jovian planet on a highly eccentric orbit around its host star, a situation produced by secular interactions with its planetary or stellar companions. The tidal interactions at every periastron passage exchange energy between the orbit and the planet's degree-2 fundamental-mode. Starting from zero energy, the f-mode can diffusively grow to large amplitudes if its one-kick energy gain > 10^-5 of the orbital energy. This requires a pericentre distance of < 4 tidal radii (or 1.6 Roche radii). If the f-mode has a non-negligible initial energy, diffusive evolution can occur at a lower threshold. The first effect can stall the secular migration as the f-mode can absorb orbital energy and decouple the planet from its secular perturbers, parking all migrating jupiters safely outside the zone of tidal disruption. The second effect leads to rapid orbit circularization as it allows an excited f-mode to continuously absorb orbital energy as the orbit eccentricity decreases. So without any explicit dissipation, other than the fact that the f-mode will damp nonlinearly when its amplitude reaches unity, the planet can be transported from a few AU to ~ 0.2 AU in ~ 10^4 yrs. Such a rapid circularization is equivalent to a dissipation factor Q ~ 1, and it explains the observed deficit of super-eccentric Jovian planets. Lastly, the repeated f-mode breaking likely deposit energy and angular momentum in the outer envelope, and avoid thermally ablating the planet. Overall, this work boosts the case for forming hot Jupiters through high-eccentricity secular migration.
description: Accepted to AJ following revision. Changed f-mode identity from retrograde to prograde
Communication - Immediate Actions: Road-Network Accesses Preservation Porto Alegre and its Metropolitan Region Vulnerability Analysis – May 2024 Floodings
Creators: name: Altafini, Diego
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Network Analysis
Flooding Events
Road Network Vulnerability
Emergency-Response
Crisis Management

description: The Communication - Immediate Actions: Road-Network Accesses Preservation Porto Alegre and its Metropolitan Region Vulnerability Analysis – May 2024 Floodings was prepared in an emergency-response context to sumnarise and communicate to public authorities, decision-makers and other volunteers meaningfiul information presented on the Techincal Note (https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11486082), which evaluates the main disruption points and vulnerabilities in terms of movement within the road-circulation networks of Porto Alegre’s, Grande Porto Alegre’s, and Vale dos Sinos regions, affected by severe floodings from May 2nd, 2024. It mainly focuses on recommendations for immediate actions (1-5 days), enabling outcome-driven decision-making. 

Initial Release Date: May 16th, 2024 at 12pm, Porto Alegre, BrazilV1.1. Update Release Date: June 5th. 2024 (current)

This work is made possible by a collaboration between the Cardiff University/Prifysgol Caerdydd - Welsh School of Architecture and the Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS) -  Instituto de Pesquisas Hidráulicas (IPH)/ GESPLA Grupo de pesquisa em Planejamento e Gestão de Recursos Hídricos.This is an ongoing effort.

How to cite:

Simplified citation (for news reports):

Altafini, et al, 2024.  Immediate Actions: Road-Network Accesses Preservation Porto Alegre and its Metropolitan Region Vulnerability Analysis – May 2024 Floodings [Technical Note]. Zenodo. https://zenodo.org/doi/10.5281/zenodo.11489616

Full citation (for academic references):Altafini, D; Pezzica, C; Bleil de Souza, C; Dalcin, A; Marques, G. 2024.  Immediate Actions: Road-Network Accesses Preservation Porto Alegre and its Metropolitan Region Vulnerability Analysis – May 2024 Floodings [Technical Note]. Zenodo. https://zenodo.org/doi/10.5281/zenodo.11489616

Notes:

The V1.0 of this communication, diffused for the public authorities in 16-05-2024, and originally published in 17-05-2024 (in portuguese), is available at: Análise de vulnerabilidade do sistema viário de Porto Alegre e Região Metropolitana: Cheia de 2024 – GESPLA (ufrgs.br)
An evolving GeV spectrum from prompt to afterglow: the case of GRB 160509A
Creators: name: Tam, Pak-Hin Thomas
name: He, Xin-Bo
name: Tang, Qing-Wen
name: Wang, Xiang-Yu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the high-energy emission properties of GRB 160509A, from its prompt mission to late afterglow phase. GRB 160509A contains two emission episodes: 0-40s and 280-420s after the burst onset (t0). The relatively high fluence of GRB 160509A allows us to establish an evolving spectrum above 100 MeV. During the first emission episode, the >100 MeV spectrum is soft with Γ=>3.0, which can be smoothly connected to keV energies with a Band function with a high-energy cutoff. The >100 MeV spectrum rapidly changes to a hard spectrum with Γ<=1.5 after t0+40s. The existence of very energetic photons, e.g., a 52 GeV that arrives t0+77 seconds, and a 29 GeV that arrives t0+70 ks, is hard to reconcile by the synchrotron emission from forward-shock electrons, but likely due to inverse Compton mechanism (e.g., synchrotron self-Compton emission). A soft spectrum (Γ~2) between 300s and 1000s after the burst onset is also found at a significance of about 2 standard deviations, which suggests a different emission mechanism at work for this short period of time. GRB 160509A represents the latest example where inverse Compton emission has to be taken into account in explaining the afterglow GeV emission, which had been suggested long before the launch of Fermi LAT.
description: ApJL, in press
Photometric observations of Supernovae 2000E, 2001B, 2001V, and 2001X
Creators: name: Tsvetkov, D. Yu.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: CCD BVRI photometry is presented for two type Ia supernovae 2000E and 2001V, for SN Ib 2001B and SN II-P 2001X. The parameters of light curves and absolute magnitudes at maximum light are estimated. It is shown that all four supernovae are typical for their classes considering the shape of their light curves and maximum luminosity.
description: 12 pages, 8 figures, 6 tables
High-availability on-site deployment to heterogeneous architectures for Project 8 and ADMX
Creators: name: LaRoque, Benjamin
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019

description: Project 8 is applying a novel spectroscopy technique to make a precision measurement of the tritium beta-decay spectrum, resulting in either a measurement of or further constraint on the effective mass of the electron antineutrino. ADMX is operating an axion haloscope to scan the mass-coupling parameter space in search of dark matter axions. Both collaborations are executing medium-scale experiments, where stable operations last for three to nine months and the same system is used for development and testing between periods of operation. It is also increasingly common to use low-cost computing elements, such as the Raspberry Pi, to integrate computing and control with custom instrumentation and hardware. This leads to situations where it is necessary to support software deployment to heterogeneous architectures on rapid development cycles while maintaining high availability. Here we present the use of docker containers to standardize packaging and execution of control software for both experiments and the use of kubernetes for management and monitoring of container deployment in an active research and development environment. We also discuss the advantages over more traditional approaches employed by experiments at this scale, such as detached user execution or custom control shell scripts.