cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Understanding & Enabling Impact in the (with the) Community
Creators: name: Holmes, Kristi
Publisher: name: DigitalHub. Galter Health Sciences Library & Learning Center
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: attribution
subject: credit
subject: research impact
subject: CD2H
subject: National Center for Data to Health
subject: Role
subject: Biomedical Research

description: 2018 Transforming Research @ Brown University
description: Galter Health Sciences Library & Learning Center
description: Northwestern University Clinical and Translational Sciences Institute
description: Chicago Cancer Health Equity Collaborative
description: Health for All
description: National Center for Data to Health
description: presentation_location: Brown University, Rhode Island, United States
Population genetic structure and phylogeography of the greater horseshoe bat (Rhinolophus ferrumequinum) along Alborz and Zagros Mts. in Iran
Creators: name: Robab Mehdizadeh
name: Akmali, Vahid
name: Mozafar Sharifi
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: In this paper, we investigate the genetic structure and phylogeography of Rhinolophus ferrumequinum, using the mitochondrial cytochrome b gene (1017 bp) in Iran and adjacent regions. The total haplotype and nucleotide diversity are 0.63 ± 0.055 and 0.0021 ± 0.00017, respectively which suggest that R. ferrumequinum exhibits low genetic diversity. AMOVA analysis shows that more variation of genetic differentiation is present among populations of phylogenetic groupings than within populations. Our phylogenetic results support the monophyly of R. ferrumequinum and suggest this taxon comprises three allopatric/parapatric phylogroups that are distributed in Europe-western Turkey, eastern Turkey-northern Iran, and southern Iran. The Europe-western Turkey lineage (clade 2) split from the eastern Turkey-Iran lineage (clade 1) during the middle Pleistocene (0.8534 (ca.I)−0.6454 (ca.II) Ma). The divergence time among subclades A and B occurred during the mid‐Pleistocene (0.4849 (ca.I)−0.369 (ca.II) Ma). All phylogenetic analyses also indicate that the Iranian and eastern Turkey R. ferrumequinum diverged from Europe and western Turkey R. ferrumequinum, with the mean percentage sequence differences ranging from 0.92%−0.75% between them. We infer that long-term isolation of R. ferrumequinum in spatially distinct refugia in parts of southwestern and northeastern Iran has promoted distinct phylogeographic lineages during the Pleistocene.
TRANSNATIONAL BANKS AND DYNAMICS OF INFLATION IN PERU: A SIMPLE ECONOMETRIC MACRO MODEL (FOREIGN DEBT, INTERNATIONAL BANKING, FINANCE)
Creators: name: Uriarte, J. Manuel
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: By examining inflation during 1960-1980 within a general equilibrium approach, this dissertation attempts to relate external credit to domestic prices. It seeks to determine whether excess availability of foreign loans (official and private) reinforces inflationary pressures in the Peruvian economy. It is also concerned with international banking operations and the evolution of the foreign debt. A macroeconometric model is formulated and estimated based on the view that foreign prices, aggregate demand, and money supply are important determinants of inflation. The model is divided into the expenditure and fiscal-monetary-balance-of-payments sectors. Generalized least squares and three-stage least squares systems methods are applied using annual observations. Based on Theil's accuracy analysis criteria and the evidence obtained from the dynamic solution, is concluded that the model tracks the data reasonably well. Increases in bank loans are found to have over time significant effects on increasing aggregate demand, fiscal deficits, reserve money, and money supply, and that such increases have a positive impact on prices. It is also found that initially official lending has a positive and greater effect on domestic demand and budget deficits, and relatively more inflationary consequences, than bank loans. Increases in nonbank lending are associated with an approximately equal increase in government consumption. The evidence supports the proposition that official credit is relatively more inflationary than bank credit initially; however, the long-run impact of official lending is negative, while that for bank lending is positive. It is concluded that there is no substantial trade off between inflation and excess availability of foreign capital borrowing during the period under consideration. By contracting foreign borrowing, it appears that inflation will not be reduced significantly. The role of bank financing in facilitating Peruvian economic growth is not as great as it has been assumed to be in academic and journalistic discussions in recent years. Declines in inflation seem to require the control of demand and credit, and the reduction of budget deficits. Finally, there is empirical reason to conclude that increases in external capital borrowing are linked to increases in the general level of prices.
Additional file 5 of mtIF3 is locally translated in axons and regulates mitochondrial translation for axonal growth
Creators: name: Lee, Soyeon
name: Park, Dongkeun
name: Lim, Chunghun
name: Kim, Jae-Ick
name: Min, Kyung-Tai
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: Ecology
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 5. Raw images of the immunoblots in Fig. S3.
The physics of sediment transport initiation, cessation, and entrainment across aeolian and fluvial environments
Creators: name: Pähtz, Thomas
name: Clark, Abram H.
name: Valyrakis, Manousos
name: Durán, Orencio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Predicting the morphodynamics of sedimentary landscapes due to fluvial and aeolian flows requires answering the following questions: Is the flow strong enough to initiate sediment transport, is the flow strong enough to sustain sediment transport once initiated, and how much sediment is transported by the flow in the saturated state (i.e., what is the transport capacity)? In the geomorphological and related literature, the widespread consensus has been that the initiation, cessation, and capacity of fluvial transport, and the initiation of aeolian transport, are controlled by fluid entrainment of bed sediment caused by flow forces overcoming local resisting forces, whereas aeolian transport cessation and capacity are controlled by impact entrainment caused by the impacts of transported particles with the bed. Here the physics of sediment transport initiation, cessation, and capacity is reviewed with emphasis on recent consensus-challenging developments in sediment transport experiments, two-phase flow modeling, and the incorporation of granular physics' concepts. Highlighted are the similarities between dense granular flows and sediment transport, such as a superslow granular motion known as creeping (which occurs for arbitrarily weak driving flows) and system-spanning force networks that resist bed sediment entrainment; the roles of the magnitude and duration of turbulent fluctuation events in fluid entrainment; the traditionally overlooked role of particle-bed impacts in triggering entrainment events in fluvial transport; and the common physical underpinning of transport thresholds across aeolian and fluvial environments. This sheds a new light on the well-known Shields diagram, where measurements of fluid entrainment thresholds could actually correspond to entrainment-independent cessation thresholds.
A COMPARISON OF VISUAL AND OLFACTORY STIMULI IN REVERSAL LEARNING WITH PIGEONS
Creators: name: Duncan, Heather J.
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: Pigeons trained to discriminate either two odors or two lights acquired their discriminations at the same rate. When the discrimination problems were reversed within a modality, however, the birds using visual cues acquired the discriminations more rapidly than in original learning (positive transfer), while the birds using olfactory cues acquired their discrimination reversal less rapidly. On subsequent reversals, pigeons in the visual task condition developed a successive discrimination reversal set with repeated reversals of the stimuli, while those in the olfactory condition did not. In a second experiment, odor-trained birds used visual cues to make discriminations when both odors and lights could serve as discriminative stimuli. Birds originally trained to discriminate lights did not use odor cues when both lights and odors were available as discriminative stimuli. These results are discussed within the framework of traditional learning theory accounts and suggest that biological factors exert control over the ability of organisms to make various stimulus-reinforcer associations.
Visual memory and psychotic symptoms in youth
Creators: name: Vallis, Emily Howes
name: MacKenzie, Lynn E.
name: Zwicker, Alyson
name: Drobinin, Vladislav
name: Rempel, Sheri
name: Abidi, Sabina
name: Lovas, David
name: Bagnell, Alexa
name: Propper, Lukas
name: Omisade, Antonina
name: Fisher, Helen L.
name: Pavlova, Barbara
name: Uher, Rudolf
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Psychotic symptoms are common during childhood and adolescence and may indicate transdiagnostic risk of future psychiatric disorders. Lower visual memory ability has been suggested as a potential indicator of future risk of mental illness. The relationship between visual memory and clinician-confirmed definite psychotic symptoms in youth has not yet been explored. We examined visual memory and psychotic symptoms among 205 participants aged 7–27 years in a cohort enriched for parental mood and psychotic disorders. We assessed visual memory using the Rey Complex Figure Test (RCFT) and psychotic symptoms using validated semi-structured interview measures. We tested the relationship between visual memory and psychotic symptoms using mixed-effects logistic regression. After accounting for age, sex, and family clustering, we found that psychotic symptoms were significantly associated with lower visual memory (OR = 1.80, 95% CI 1.06–3.06, p = 0.030). This result was unchanged after accounting for general cognitive ability. Lower visual memory performance is associated with psychotic symptoms among youth, regardless of general cognitive ability. This finding may inform future targeted early interventions.
A COMPARISON OF VISUAL AND OLFACTORY STIMULI IN REVERSAL LEARNING WITH PIGEONS
Creators: name: Duncan, Heather J.
Publisher: name: ProQuest
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 52
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: Pigeons trained to discriminate either two odors or two lights acquired their discriminations at the same rate. When the discrimination problems were reversed within a modality, however, the birds using visual cues acquired the discriminations more rapidly than in original learning (positive transfer), while the birds using olfactory cues acquired their discrimination reversal less rapidly. On subsequent reversals, pigeons in the visual task condition developed a successive discrimination reversal set with repeated reversals of the stimuli, while those in the olfactory condition did not. In a second experiment, odor-trained birds used visual cues to make discriminations when both odors and lights could serve as discriminative stimuli. Birds originally trained to discriminate lights did not use odor cues when both lights and odors were available as discriminative stimuli. These results are discussed within the framework of traditional learning theory accounts and suggest that biological factors exert control over the ability of organisms to make various stimulus-reinforcer associations.
Measuring the trade-off between greenhouse gas emissions and nutrition due to carbon consumption taxes in the UK
Creators: name: Revoredo-Giha, Cesar
name: Chalmers, Neil
name: Akaichi, Faical
name: Revoredo-Giha, Cesar
name: Chalmers, Neil
name: Akaichi, Faical
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Carbon consumption taxes
subject: Demand systems
subject: Carbon emissions
subject: Nutrition

description: Reducing greenhouse gas emissions (GHG) associated with food consumption is a particularly important issue given the recent concerns regarding climate change and diet. This paper modelled the effects of ad-valorem and carbon consumption taxes on different food products and found that taxing high carbon food products will likely result in a decrease in carbon emissions and intake of less beneficial nutrients (such as saturated fats and sugars). However, the taxes will also likely result in small reductions of beneficial nutrients which are currently under consumed in the UK. This may cause concern to policymakers and suggests the importance of monitoring nutrient intakes with regards to a potential introduction of carbon taxes.
Directed graphs and interferometry
Creators: name: Melo, Bruno
name: Brandão, Igor
name: Tomei, Carlos
name: Guerreiro, Thiago
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The observed output of an interferometer is the result of interference among the parts of the input light beam traveling along each possible optical path. In complex systems, writing down all these possible optical paths and computing their cumulative effect can become a difficult task. We present an intuitive graph-based method for solving this problem and calculating electric fields within an interferometric setup, classical and quantum. We show how to associate a weighted directed graph to an interferometer and define rules to simplify these associated graphs. Successive application of the rules results in a final graph containing information on the desired field amplitudes. The method is applied to a number of examples in cavity optomechanics and cavity-enhanced interferometers.
IDEOLOGY IN INTERNATIONAL TELECOMMUNICATION: RADIO WARS BETWEEN CUBA AND THE UNITED STATES. (VOLUMES I AND II) (BROADCASTING, CONTENT, ANALYSIS)
Creators: name: Frederick, Howard Handthorne
Publisher: name: ProQuest
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 47
subject: Language, communication and culture
classificationCode: 4701
subject: Communication and media studies

description: International radio broadcasting is a primary vehicle of ideological confrontation among nations. In few regions of the world is this "war of ideas" as intense as it is in the Americas between Radio Havana Cuba (RHC) and the Voice of America (VOA). These two opposing radio stations are important weapons in the battle for the hearts and minds of opposing populations in the hemisphere. This study begins with an historical overview of the Cuban-American radio war from its inception in 1961 through 1983. A theory of Inter-Ideological Propaganda State Apparatuses (IPSAs) is elaborated based on the writings of Karl Marx, Louis Althusser and Antonio Gramsci. Next, the suitability of content analysis as a measure of the ideological content of communication is considered. Bilingual coders coded newscasts from sample periods in 1979 and 1982. Both stations highlighted new of technical achievements and basically agreed that nations act in rational self-interest. Individual human achievements were ususally overshadowed by the role behavior of leaders and officials. While VOA often carried criticism of U.S. policies, RHC never reported events that questioned Cuban policies. VOA's predominant concern was with U.S. affairs, while RHC covered events in dozens of small, underreported countries. While VOA displayed an introspective self-image, RHC'S new reporting suggested a self-image of outward involvement and internationalism. VCA treated Central America largely as a "rebellion" and Nicaragua as a "war." RHC, in contrast, was more concerned with "governmental diplomacy" of Central America. RHC gave great prominence to the affairs of Non-Governmental Organizations, while VOA covered them rarely. The two stations displayed interesting differences in their conceptions of such keywords as democracy, peace, and human rights; these differences reflected the embracing ideological orientation of the stations' parent superstructures. Volume I contains the historical, theoretical and analytical chapters. Volume II is an appendix which contains the transcripts of the newscasts, headline-like summaries of the news items, and the coded data themselves.
Completing the quantum formalism in a contextually objective framework
Creators: name: Grangier, Philippe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: History and Philosophy of Physics (physics.hist-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In standard quantum mechanics (QM), a state vector $| ψ\rangle$ may belong to infinitely many different orthogonal bases, as soon as the dimension $N$ of the Hilbert space is at least three. On the other hand, a complete physical observable $A$ (with no degeneracy left) is associated with a $N$-dimensional orthogonal basis of eigenvectors. In an idealized case, measuring $A$ again and again will give repeatedly the same result, with the same eigenvalue. Let us call this repeatable result a modality $μ$, and the corresponding eigenstate $| ψ\rangle$. A question is then: does $| ψ\rangle$ give a complete description of $μ$ ? The answer is obviously no, since $| ψ\rangle$ does not specify the full observable $A$ that allowed us to obtain $μ$; hence the physical description given by $| ψ\rangle$ is incomplete, as claimed by Einstein, Podolsky and Rosen in their famous article in 1935. Here we want to spell out this provocative statement, and in particular to answer the questions: if $| ψ\rangle$ is an incomplete description of $μ$, what does it describe ? is it possible to obtain a complete description, maybe algebraic ? Our conclusion is that the incompleteness of standard QM is due to its attempt to describe systems without contexts, whereas both are always required, even if they can be separated outside the measurement periods.
description: 7 pages, no figure. In v3 first section rewritten in a more pedagogical form, and some additions later on
Bookstore rentals
Creators: name: Kraitman, Michael
name: Pinho, Rafael
name: Adam, Brett
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2015

description: Disclaimer: “UBC SEEDS provides students with the opportunity to share the findings of their studies, as well as their opinions, conclusions and recommendations with the UBC community. The reader should bear in mind that this is a student project/report and is not an official document of UBC. Furthermore readers should bear in mind that these reports may not reflect the current status of activities at UBC. We urge you to contact the research persons mentioned in a report or the SEEDS Coordinator about the current status of the subject matter of a project/report.”
Primitive lattice points inside an ellipse
Creators: name: Nowak, Werner Georg
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11P21

description: Let Q(u,v) be a positive definite binary quadratic form with arbitrary real coefficients. For large real x, one may ask for the number B(x) of primitive lattice points (integer points (m,n) with gcd(m,n) = 1) in the ellipse disc Q(u,v) < x, in particular, for the remainder term R(x) in the asymptotics for B(x). While upper bounds for R(x) depend on zero-free regions of the zeta-function, and thus, in most published results, on the Riemann Hypothesis, the present paper deals with a lower estimate. It is proved that the absolute value of R(x) is, in integral mean, at least a positive constant c times x^{1/4}. Furthermore, it is shown how to find an explicit value for c, for each specific given form Q.
description: 10 pages
IDEOLOGY IN INTERNATIONAL TELECOMMUNICATION: RADIO WARS BETWEEN CUBA AND THE UNITED STATES. (VOLUMES I AND II) (BROADCASTING, CONTENT, ANALYSIS)
Creators: name: Frederick, Howard Handthorne
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: International radio broadcasting is a primary vehicle of ideological confrontation among nations. In few regions of the world is this "war of ideas" as intense as it is in the Americas between Radio Havana Cuba (RHC) and the Voice of America (VOA). These two opposing radio stations are important weapons in the battle for the hearts and minds of opposing populations in the hemisphere. This study begins with an historical overview of the Cuban-American radio war from its inception in 1961 through 1983. A theory of Inter-Ideological Propaganda State Apparatuses (IPSAs) is elaborated based on the writings of Karl Marx, Louis Althusser and Antonio Gramsci. Next, the suitability of content analysis as a measure of the ideological content of communication is considered. Bilingual coders coded newscasts from sample periods in 1979 and 1982. Both stations highlighted new of technical achievements and basically agreed that nations act in rational self-interest. Individual human achievements were ususally overshadowed by the role behavior of leaders and officials. While VOA often carried criticism of U.S. policies, RHC never reported events that questioned Cuban policies. VOA's predominant concern was with U.S. affairs, while RHC covered events in dozens of small, underreported countries. While VOA displayed an introspective self-image, RHC'S new reporting suggested a self-image of outward involvement and internationalism. VCA treated Central America largely as a "rebellion" and Nicaragua as a "war." RHC, in contrast, was more concerned with "governmental diplomacy" of Central America. RHC gave great prominence to the affairs of Non-Governmental Organizations, while VOA covered them rarely. The two stations displayed interesting differences in their conceptions of such keywords as democracy, peace, and human rights; these differences reflected the embracing ideological orientation of the stations' parent superstructures. Volume I contains the historical, theoretical and analytical chapters. Volume II is an appendix which contains the transcripts of the newscasts, headline-like summaries of the news items, and the coded data themselves.
Delay time of waves performing Lévy walks in 1D random media
Creators: name: Razo-López, L. A.
name: Fernández-Marín, A. A.
name: Méndez-Bermúdez, J. A.
name: Sánchez-Dehesa, J.
name: Gopar, V. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The time that waves spend inside 1D random media with the possibility of performing Lévy walks is experimentally and theoretically studied. The dynamics of quantum and classical wave diffusion has been investigated in canonical disordered systems via the delay time. We show that a wide class of disorder--Lévy disorder--leads to strong random fluctuations of the delay time; nevertheless, some statistical properties such as the tail of the distribution and the average of the delay time are insensitive to Lévy walks. Our results reveal a universal character of wave propagation that goes beyond standard Brownian wave-diffusion.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures
Additional file 6 of mtIF3 is locally translated in axons and regulates mitochondrial translation for axonal growth
Creators: name: Lee, Soyeon
name: Park, Dongkeun
name: Lim, Chunghun
name: Kim, Jae-Ick
name: Min, Kyung-Tai
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: Ecology
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 6. Raw images of RT-PCR results in Fig. 1a.
Region-specific drivers and barriers of organic farming
Creators: name: Schaffer, Axel
name: Duvelmeyer, Claudia
name: Schaffer, Axel
name: Duvelmeyer, Claudia
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2018
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
Farm Management

description: In 2002 the German federal government within its strategy for sustainable development set the aim to increase the share of organically farmed land to 20% of total agricultural land by 2010. Though shares have increased continuously, the target has not been reached yet. In order to fine-tune corresponding policy measures the current study identifies major regionspecific drivers of organic farming in Germany by applying a spatial regression analysis to Germany’s almost 300 rural counties. Due to the different agricultural structure in Northern, Southern and Eastern Germany, particularly concerning farm size and land use type, the analysis is conducted separately for each of those larger areas. Preliminary results confirm the findings of earlier studies, according to which the share of organically farmed land positively and significantly relates to the regional share of grassland and the price of agricultural land. Both findings hold for Northern, Southern and Eastern Germany. In the North and the South, organic farming is further driven by the counties’ topography (hilly regions are more likely to adopt organic farming practices) and the regional consumers’ attitude towards organic products (measured by the votes for the green party in the last states elections). Findings for the South further indicate that organic farming is in conflict with onfarm energy production. Findings on drivers aside material production conditions are rather heterogeneous. Assured farm succession seems to have no effect, the share of part-time farmers correlates negatively with organic farming in the South but is not significant for the other regions and regions orientation towards tourism is complementary with organic farming in the East but conflicting in the South. Finally, we identify spatial autocorrelation in the South. In contrast no neighborhood effects can be observed for North- and East-Germany.
Experts’ estimates of future uptake of low-carbon agricultural practices
Creators: name: Eory, Vera
name: Topp, Cairistiona F. E.
name: Butler, Adam
name: Bond, Clare E.
name: Eory, Vera
name: Topp, Cairistiona F. E.
name: Butler, Adam
name: Bond, Clare E.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2018
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
Environmental Economics and Policy

description: Greenhouse gas mitigation in agriculture has been so far relying mostly on voluntary implementation; policy, in their attempt to step up effort in agriculture, requires more reliable information on mitigation practices, including their current and potential future uptake. Expert elicitation techniques can estimates where otherwise the data gaps exist. A four stage Deplhi expert elicitation was carried out to estimate the uptake and its uncertainty for five mitigation practices under three policy scenarios in Scotland. The current uptake was estimated to be 5-68%, the uptake in 10 years͛ time with no policy change was between 10-70% and the future uptake with targeted policy was 50-83%. The uncertainty (difference between lower and upper quartile estimates) was between 6-40%. The highest policy effect was estimated to be expected from targeting nitrification inhibitor uptake. Policy supporting improved land drainage and regulatory approaches for nitrogen management practices could achieve only lower policy effect (13-22%) but with a higher confidence. The elicitation also highlighted that clear definitions of farming practices are very important and expert estimates would ideally involve stakeholders from different backgrounds.
Bio-economic modelling of antimicrobial use and health management in French dairy production
Creators: name: Ferchiou, Ahmed
name: Raboisson, Didier
name: Minviel, J.J
name: Ferchiou, Ahmed
name: Raboisson, Didier
name: Minviel, J.J
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Farm Management
subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: Animal health
subject: economics
subject: bio-economic modelling
subject: mathematical programming
subject: mastitis

description: Calls for antimicrobial use (AMU) reduction in farms are growing. It is yet challenging for farmers to reduce AMU without reducing their economic performances. This paper proposes an original bio-economic framework for AMU management in French dairy farms. This framework combines a recursive economic optimization model with a biologic model that describes the effects of health management strategies on the dynamic of a dairy herd. An appealing feature of the newly developed model is that it allows testing win-win strategies in terms of health management: maximising risk-adjusted revenue while minimising AMU and workload. It can also be used to test incentives to encourage farmers to adopt virtuous strategies and practices. In the present paper, the bio-economic model is applied mainly to mastitis management, which represents the first reason for AMU in dairy production. The results identified selective dry-off strategy (dry-off with AM for at risk cows only) rather than the conventional systematic dry-off strategy (AM on all cows at dry-off) as being effective to lower AMU while maintaining famer’s income.
Adaptively Informed Trees (AIT*): Fast Asymptotically Optimal Path Planning through Adaptive Heuristics
Creators: name: Strub, Marlin P.
name: Gammell, Jonathan D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Informed sampling-based planning algorithms exploit problem knowledge for better search performance. This knowledge is often expressed as heuristic estimates of solution cost and used to order the search. The practical improvement of this informed search depends on the accuracy of the heuristic. Selecting an appropriate heuristic is difficult. Heuristics applicable to an entire problem domain are often simple to define and inexpensive to evaluate but may not be beneficial for a specific problem instance. Heuristics specific to a problem instance are often difficult to define or expensive to evaluate but can make the search itself trivial. This paper presents Adaptively Informed Trees (AIT*), an almost-surely asymptotically optimal sampling-based planner based on BIT*. AIT* adapts its search to each problem instance by using an asymmetric bidirectional search to simultaneously estimate and exploit a problem-specific heuristic. This allows it to quickly find initial solutions and converge towards the optimum. AIT* solves the tested problems as fast as RRT-Connect while also converging towards the optimum.
description: IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation (ICRA) 2020, 6 + 2 pages, 5 figures, video available at https://youtu.be/twM723QM9TQ
Adiabatic quantum search algorithm for structured problems
Creators: name: Roland, Jérémie
name: Cerf, Nicolas J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The study of quantum computation has been motivated by the hope of finding efficient quantum algorithms for solving classically hard problems. In this context, quantum algorithms by local adiabatic evolution have been shown to solve an unstructured search problem with a quadratic speed-up over a classical search, just as Grover's algorithm. In this paper, we study how the structure of the search problem may be exploited to further improve the efficiency of these quantum adiabatic algorithms. We show that by nesting a partial search over a reduced set of variables into a global search, it is possible to devise quantum adiabatic algorithms with a complexity that, although still exponential, grows with a reduced order in the problem size.
description: 7 pages, 0 figure
AN ECONOMIC HISTORY OF OLD AGE IN THE UNITED STATES: OCCUPATIONAL OBSOLESCENCE AND DOWNWARD MOBILITY, 1860-1920
Creators: name: Hushbeck, Judith C.
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: The dissertation establishes a historical-institutional understanding of the economics of old age in the United States. The origins of age discrimination are sought in the years 1860-1920, covering the nation's emergence from petty capitalism to leadership of the industrialized world. This period also saw family agriculture and small firms (endeavors most congenial to older workers) supplanted in importance by manufacturing and transportation activities (which favored younger workers). Additionally, population movement into urban areas was fragmenting families both physically and occupationally, so that older members became isolated from the economic and social ties that had been their mainstay in rural areas. The emphasis throughout is on the waning importance of older people as active participants in economic life, and their concomitantly growing significance as family dependents and state wards. The key to the diminished prospects for older Americans' continuing participation in economic life lay in the workplace changes brought about by rapid technological advances. When technology had changed only slowly, the elderly's experience and knowledge remained valid for the rising generations, and thus older Americans' economic role could be sustained. However, the extreme relative scarcity of labor in early America had predisposed entrepreneurs to pursue capital-intensive production methods which conserved on labor; while rapid rates of inovation generated a tendency toward large business units to capture the scale economies made possible by the latest technologies. Larger firms, it is shown, were more likely to discriminate against older workers; and by early in the twentieth century, massive immigration of primarily young workers reinforced an ageist bias in employment. The high cost and rapid obsolescence of capital heightened the tendency of American plants toward long workdays and rapid work pace. These conditions placed many jobs beyond the capacities of middle-aged and older workers. Furthermore, large firms were innovators in mangement and administrative practices which sought to remove all thinking and decision-making responsbilities from the shop floor. Such trends greatly reduced the value of the experience and judgment which older workers could offer, further limiting their employability.
Interplay between the single particle and collective features in the boson fermion model
Creators: name: Domanski, T.
name: Ranninger, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the interplay between the single particle and fermion pair features in the boson fermion model, both above and below the transition temperature $T_{c}$, using the flow equation method. Upon lowering the temperature the single particle fermionic spectral function: (a) gradually develops a depletion of the low energy states (pseudogap) for $T^{*}>T>T_{c}$ and a true superconducting gap for $T
description: 13 pages, 6 figures
Inpainting Galactic Foreground Intensity and Polarization maps using Convolutional Neural Network
Creators: name: Puglisi, Giuseppe
name: Bai, Xiran
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Deep convolutional neural networks have been a popular tool for image generation and restoration. The performance of these networks is related to the capability of learning realistic features from a large dataset. In this work, we applied the problem of inpainting non-Gaussian signal, in the context of Galactic diffuse emissions at the millimetric and sub-millimetric regimes, specifically Synchrotron and Thermal Dust emission. Both of them are affected by contamination at small angular scales due to extra-galactic radio sources (the former) and to dusty star-forming galaxies (the latter). We consider the performances of a nearest-neighbors inpainting technique and compare it with two novels methodologies relying on generative Neural Networks. We show that the generative network is able to reproduce the statistical properties of the ground truth signal more consistently with high confidence level. The Python Inpainter for Cosmological and AStrophysical SOurces (PICASSO) is a package encoding a suite of inpainting methods described in this work and has been made publicly available.
Transparency in Long-Term Electric Demand Forecast: A Perspective on Regional Load Forecasting
Creators: name: Sun, Bixuan
name: Eryilmaz, Derya
name: Konidena, Rao
name: Sun, Bixuan
name: Eryilmaz, Derya
name: Konidena, Rao
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2018
Subjects: Research Methods/Econometrics/Stats
Resource and Environmental Policy Analysis
Risk and Uncertainty

description: Paper removed at authors' request. Contact them for information.
Reactor Searches for Neutrino Magnetic Moment as a Probe of Extra Dimensions
Creators: name: Mohapatra, R. N.
name: Ng, Siew-Phang
name: Yu, Haibo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present calculations of the magnetic moment contribution to neutrino electron scattering in large extra dimension brane-bulk models (LED) with three bulk neutrinos. We discuss the cases with two and three large extra dimensions of sizes $R$. The calculations are done using reactor flux from Uranium, $^{235}U$ as the neutrino source. We find that if the electron neutrino mass is chosen to be in the range of one eV, the differential cross section for $\barν-e$ scattering for low electron recoil energy can be of the same order as the presently explored values in reactor experiments. Furthermore the spectral shape for the LED models is different from the four dimensional case. Future higher precision reactor experiments can therefore be used to provide new constraints on a class of large extra dimension theories.
description: 8 pages; 3 figures
Additional file 1 of How best to provide help to bereaved adolescents: a Delphi consensus study
Creators: name: Ross, Anna M
name: Krysinska, Karolina
name: Rickwood, Debra
name: Pirkis, Jane
name: Andriessen, Karl
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1: Appendix A: Sample database search strategies.
A Generalisation of (Very) Special Geometry
Creators: name: Gheerardyn, Jos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct non-Abelian N=2 on-shell vector multiplets in five and in four dimensions. Closing of the supersymmetry algebra imposes dynamical constraints on the fields, and these constraints should be interpreted as equations of motion. If these field equations should not be derivable from an action, we find that supersymmetry allows a broader class of target-space geometries than the familiar rigid (very) special manifolds. These theories moreover have more general potentials due to the possibility of including Fayet-Iliopoulos terms in the non-Abelian case. We show that by introducing an action, we recover the standard results. Finally, we relate the five- and the four-dimensional theories through dimensional reduction and discuss the corresponding generalised r-map.
description: 14 pages, v.2 typo corrected
The Role of Buffer Gas in Shaping the D1 Line Spectrum of Potassium Vapour
Creators: name: Alqarni, Sharaa A.
name: Pizzey, Danielle
name: Wrathmall, Steven A
name: Hughes, Ifan G
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this study, we investigate the effect of buffer gas and magnetic field on the spectral line shapes of the potassium D1 transition using sealed vapour cells filled with varying amounts of neon as a buffer gas. Employing a dual-temperature control system, we independently manipulate the cell body and stem temperatures to explore Doppler and collisional effects on the spectrum. Our results show how the Voigt spectral profile changes from Gaussian- to Lorentzian-dominated forms due to pressure broadening and shifts caused by collisions between potassium atoms and neon. Our measurements are in excellent agreement with the literature values for potassium-neon collisions. For the first time we were able to incorporate the buffer-gas shift and broadening into the modified Voigt profile via the ElecSus code, and found excellent agreement between the predicted and measured line profiles. We also analyse the potassium D1 spectral lines in the hyperfine Paschen-Back regime using strong magnetic fields, demonstrating how Zeeman splitting modifies the pressure-broadened line shape. This work provides valuable insights into collision-induced broadening and shifts, enhancing our understanding of potassium spectroscopy and its application in the development of advanced magneto-optical filters for solar physics and other applications.
description: 10 pages, 6 figures, 1 table
AN ECONOMIC HISTORY OF OLD AGE IN THE UNITED STATES: OCCUPATIONAL OBSOLESCENCE AND DOWNWARD MOBILITY, 1860-1920
Creators: name: Hushbeck, Judith C.
Publisher: name: ProQuest
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 38
subject: Economics

description: The dissertation establishes a historical-institutional understanding of the economics of old age in the United States. The origins of age discrimination are sought in the years 1860-1920, covering the nation's emergence from petty capitalism to leadership of the industrialized world. This period also saw family agriculture and small firms (endeavors most congenial to older workers) supplanted in importance by manufacturing and transportation activities (which favored younger workers). Additionally, population movement into urban areas was fragmenting families both physically and occupationally, so that older members became isolated from the economic and social ties that had been their mainstay in rural areas. The emphasis throughout is on the waning importance of older people as active participants in economic life, and their concomitantly growing significance as family dependents and state wards. The key to the diminished prospects for older Americans' continuing participation in economic life lay in the workplace changes brought about by rapid technological advances. When technology had changed only slowly, the elderly's experience and knowledge remained valid for the rising generations, and thus older Americans' economic role could be sustained. However, the extreme relative scarcity of labor in early America had predisposed entrepreneurs to pursue capital-intensive production methods which conserved on labor; while rapid rates of inovation generated a tendency toward large business units to capture the scale economies made possible by the latest technologies. Larger firms, it is shown, were more likely to discriminate against older workers; and by early in the twentieth century, massive immigration of primarily young workers reinforced an ageist bias in employment. The high cost and rapid obsolescence of capital heightened the tendency of American plants toward long workdays and rapid work pace. These conditions placed many jobs beyond the capacities of middle-aged and older workers. Furthermore, large firms were innovators in mangement and administrative practices which sought to remove all thinking and decision-making responsbilities from the shop floor. Such trends greatly reduced the value of the experience and judgment which older workers could offer, further limiting their employability.
Derivation of the critical point scaling hypothesis using thermodynamics only
Creators: name: Romero-Rochin, Victor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Based on the foundations of thermodynamics and the equilibrium conditions for the coexistence of two phases in a magnetic Ising-like system, we show, first, that there is a critical point where the isothermal susceptibility diverges and the specific heat may remain finite, and second, that near the critical point the entropy of the system, and therefore all free energies, do obey scaling. Although we limit ourselves to such a system, we elaborate about the possibilities of finding universality, as well as the precise values of the critical exponents using thermodynamics only.
description: 5 pages, 1 figure
APPROACHES TO STRUCTURE-RELATED PREDICTION OF DRUG TOXICITY BY ANALYSIS OF HUMAN TOXICITY DATA (NSAIDS, SIDE-EFFECTS, ADR REPORTING)
Creators: name: Matta, Lygia B.
Publisher: name: ProQuest
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 34
subject: Chemical sciences
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: There is a need for organizing and analyzing existing human toxicity data bases and linking them with the more structured chemical information data bases for the purposes of correlation and development of coherent concepts of chemical toxicity. This work explores the use of selected chemical and human toxicity data bases in relating generic chemical structural moieties to the occurrence of toxic events in exposed human populations. Data from the Adverse Drug Reaction System (ADR) data base, Division of Drug Experience, Food and Drug Administration and from the Michigan-Minnesota Medicaid data base, Health Information Designs, Inc. (HID), Washington, D.C., were analyzed in a pilot project using the non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDS) as a test group of pharmacologically similar drugs with diverse chemical structures. Estimates of comparative toxicities were determined for the chemically different groups in the ADR data base using hepatic, renal, hematologic, serious upper gastro-intestinal, serious skin, and anaphylactoid side effects as the main categories. In analysis of spontaneous ADR data, it is an apparent given condition that reporting of ADRs varies with time of marketing, being proportionately higher relative to the market and eventually decreasing and leveling off at some point in time. However, when considered over a period of time, the ADR data base appears to contain information that may be representative of the experience with a drug of the U.S. population. Supporting this it was found that the demographic profiles of ADR reports correlate with population exposure and are similar for all drugs in the class. The ADR data were correlated with the relative rates (events per 1,000 patients) of hematologic and anaphylactic reactions in the NSAID exposed patients in the Michigan Medicaid data base of 1.1 million patients which links drug and diagnoses by data of service, thereby providing an unbiased estimate of clinical events after drug exposure. Although structural hypotheses were developed, logistic factors prevented full access and use of chemical structure data bases. These illustrate the need for additional steps to facilitate the linkage between these diverse data bases. The establishment of models for analyzing and correlating these toxicological data bases represents an important step towards the integration of chemical and drug toxicity information.