cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Observation of linear-polarization-sensitivity in the microwave-radiation-induced magnetoresistance oscillations
Creators: name: Mani, R. G.
name: Ramanayaka, A. N.
name: Wegscheider, W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the quasi two-dimensional GaAs/AlGaAs system, we investigate the effect of rotating \textit{in-situ} the electric field of linearly polarized microwaves relative to the current, on the microwave-radiation-induced magneto-resistance oscillations. We find that the frequency and the phase of the photo-excited magneto-resistance oscillations are insensitive to the polarization. On the other hand, the amplitudes of the magnetoresistance oscillations are remarkably responsive to the relative orientation between the microwave antenna and the current-axis in the specimen. The results suggest a striking linear-polarization-sensitivity in the radiation-induced magnetoresistance oscillations.
description: 4 figures, 5 pages
A running coupling explanation of the surprising transparency of the QGP at LHC
Creators: name: Buzzatti, Alessandro
name: Gyulassy, Miklos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The CUJET Monte Carlo Jet Energy loss model is applied to predict the jet flavor, centrality and density dependence of the nuclear modification factor $R_{AA}$ at RHIC and LHC. Running coupling effects due to combined $x$, $k_\perp$ and $q_\perp$ evolution are included for the first time in the dynamical DGLV opacity expansion framework and are shown to provide a natural dynamical QCD tomographic solution to the surprising transparency of the quark gluon plasma produced at LHC as suggested by $p_\perp>10$ GeV $R_{AA}$ data from ALICE, ATLAS, and CMS.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures. Proceedings for Quark Matter 2012
War priests: the fetiales and dynamic conservatism in Roman religion
Creators: name: Peloquin, Luke
Publisher: name: Macquarie University
Year: 2023
Subjects: Other education not elsewhere classified

description: The fetiales of ancient Rome were priests responsible for declaring wars and signing peace treaties. They were an elite college, or group of priests, involved with religion, and government. Despite their important role in Roman society, the fetiales require more attention, particularly regarding how their college changed throughout its history. Modern scholars have debated the role of the fetiales in the Roman Republic (509-44 BC), but this debate revolves around their origins in a mythologised history and sources written hundreds of years after the actions described, for example by Livy, causing some scholars to question the veracity of these sources and to consider the possibilities of political invention after the death of Julius Caesar. It is notable that although the fetiales are mentioned in some sixty Latin inscriptions, scholars have hitherto overlooked the epigraphic evidence in studies of the fetiales. These inscriptions date from the Imperial period onwards but they do reveal to us who the fetiales were. This dissertation considers the Latin epigraphic evidence in conjunction with literary sources such as Livy, Polybius, and Cicero to bring all the ancient source material to bear in a reconsideration of the fetiales in the history of both the Roman republic and the Roman empire. The research clarifies our understanding of one of Rome’s most important diplomatic, religious, and political institutions. It paves the way for future studies of other Roman priesthoods or political offices, based on a similar methodology, grounded in epigraphic evidence and taking the debate about the role of Roman priests into the imperial period. The dissertation also demonstrates how the fetiales as a priesthood adapted to historical change from performing an important function in preserving peace between the cities of Latium to acting as an advisory body during the later Republic, and finally, a segment of the Imperial aristocracy integrated with the court of the Roman emperor. The dissertation also identifies dynamic conservatism as a strategy that maintained and develop the significance of the fetiales across a period of one thousand years.
Risk perception of non-experts in the case of persistent, mobile and toxic chemicals in the EU
Creators: name: Schlösser, Jule
name: Vaupotič, Nina
name: Suffill, Ellise Marissa
Publisher: name: OSF Registries
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Environmental Studies
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences

description: The aim of the study is to assess non experts’ risk perception of different characteristics of environmental pollutants, in this case PFAS (per- and poly-fluoralkyl substances). Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are chemicals that are used in various (everyday) products due to their diverse functions (e.g., water repellency or oil repellency; Buck et al., 2011). But PFAS are also highly persistent and mobile. Meanwhile, PFAS can be found all over the world, can accumulate in the human body and have a toxic effect on it (Brunn et al., 2023). The current study aims to investigate non-experts’ risk perception of the different characteristics of PFAS: Persistence (P), Mobility (M), Toxicity (T). The results will hopefully lead to a better understanding of how non-experts perceive different kinds of chemical hazards, and thus help us improve risk communications about chemicals. To investigate this, we will present participants with nine different versions of a bottle of household cleaner or a tube of toothpaste (between-subject). The nine different versions of the object differ in terms of their chemical properties (P, M, T, PT, PM, TM, PMT, PMT-free). The manipulated versions will be presented within the groups in a semi-randomized order: First, we will conduct a baseline measurement of the product without any information of its chemical properties. Then, the remaining eight versions of a household cleaner/toothpaste are presented in a fully-randomized order. To measure the participants´ responses to the products with differing kinds of chemical properties, we use four different items presented after each object: • Perceived negative-/positive-ness of the product. • Perceived usefulness of the object. • Concerns about using the product in their everyday life. • Whether they believe the product should be regulated. We chose to contrast two product types (cleaner vs. toothpaste) across participants, in order to test whether the predicted amount of body contact during use (toothpaste > cleaner) increases concern/need for regulation (e.g., for different chemical characteristics). In order to validate this contrast, we also asked participants to estimate perceived body contact during use with the product. We also ask participants about their trust in both product labels and regulation which can require such product labelling (i.e., for potential chemical hazards). To gain insight into the consumer behavior of the participants we also ask them about how much more money they would spend on a PMT-free version of the object. Lastly, we ask participants for their perceived level of prior knowledge about PFAS (and relatedly, microplastics) in order to ascertain an estimate of public knowledge of these issues.
Data for: Body size and substrate use affect ventral, but not dorsal, brightness evolution in lizards
Creators: name: Goldenberg, Jonathan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Cordylidae
color evolution
thermoregulation
melanism
body color

description: Substrate properties can affect the thermal balance of organisms, and the colored integument, alongside other factors, may influence heat transfer via differential absorption and reflection. Dark coloration may lead to higher heat absorption and could be advantageous when substrates are cool (and vice versa for bright coloration), but these effects are rarely investigated. Here, we examined the effect of substrate reflectance, specific heat capacity (cp), and body size on the dorso-ventral brightness using 276 samples from 12 species of cordylid lizards distributed across 26 sites in South Africa. We predicted, and found, that bright ventral colors occur more frequently in low cp (i.e. drier, with little energy needed for temperature change) substrates, especially in larger body-sized individuals, possibly to better modulate heat transfer with the surrounding environment. By contrast, dorsal brightness was not associated with body size nor any substrate thermal property, suggesting selection pressures other than thermoregulation. Ancestral estimation and evolutionary rate analyses suggest that ventral brightness rapidly differentiated within the Cordylinae starting 25 Mya, coinciding with an aridification period, further hinting at a thermoregulatory role for ventral colors. Our study indicates that substrate properties can have a direct role in shaping the evolution of ventral brightness in ectotherms.
description: Funding provided by: Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek
Crossref Funder Registry ID: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100003130
Award Number: GOG2217N
Rechtsdenken und Traditionsbewußtsein in der gallischen Kirche zwischen Spätantike und Frühmittelalter. Zur Anwendbarkeit soziologischer Rechtsbegriffe am Beispiel des kirchlichen Asylrechts im 6. Jahrhundert
Creators: name: Esders, Stefan
Publisher: name: Francia
Year: 2019

description: -
description: Francia, Bd. 20, Nr. 1 (1993)
Jean Chélini, L'aube du moyen âge. Naissance de la chrétienté occidentale. La vie religieuse des laïcs dans l'Europe carolingienne (750–900), 1991
Creators: name: Scheibelreiter, Georg
Publisher: name: Francia
Year: 2019

description: -
description: Francia, Bd. 20, Nr. 1 (1993)
Disentangling Resonant Scattering and Gas Motions in Galaxy Cluster Emission Line Profiles
Creators: name: Shang, Cien
name: Oh, S. Peng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Future high spectral resolution telescopes will enable us to place tight constraints on turbulence in the intra-cluster medium through the line widths of strong emission lines. At the same time, these bright lines are the most prone to be optically thick. This requires us to separate the effects of resonant scattering from turbulence, both of which could broaden the lines. How this can be achieved has yet not been quantitatively addressed. In this paper, we propose a flexible new parametrization for the line profile, which allows these effects to be distinguished. The model has only 3 free parameters, which we calibrate with Monte-Carlo radiative transfer simulations. We provide fitting functions and tables that allow the results of these calculations to be easily incorporated into a fast spectral fitting package. In a mock spectral fit, we explicitly show that this parameterization allows us to correctly estimate the turbulent amplitude and metallicity of a cluster such as Perseus, which would otherwise give significantly biased results. We also show how the physical origin of the line shape can be understood analytically.
description: 15 pages, 13 figures, submitted to MNRAS. Additional results could be found at https://sites.google.com/site/cienshang/toolbox Added a discussion on the "point source" correction for cool core clusters
Michel Cassan, Jean-Loup Lemaître (Hrsg.), Espaces et pouvoirs urbains dans le Massif central et l'Aquitaine du Moyen Age à nos jours, 1994
Creators: name: Pallach, Ulrich-Christian
Publisher: name: Francia
Year: 2019

description: -
description: Francia, Bd. 22 Nr. 2 (1995)
Media in Violence Situations: Social Media Function in Reporting Physical Violence in Uganda
Creators: name: Bahati, Nelson
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Interactive media
Media studies
Communication technology and digital media studies

description: The purpose of this empirical study is to utilize a qualitative approach supported by theory to acquire valuable insights into the function of social media in reporting incidents of physical violence. This study employed an online survey, specifically a Twitter poll, with a sample size of 393 participants (n = 393), to gather data on their attitudes towards sharing video recordings of physical violence on social media as a means of reporting such incidents. Through a poll and content analysis of videos shared on Twitter in January and February 2023, I focused my analysis on Twitter as the primary platform. This study drew data from two sources: the results of the poll and a content analysis of six (6) videos that went viral on Twitter during the selected two-month period. The central question of this study was ‘does social media play a role in reporting physical violence in Uganda’. This qualitative data was subjected to a thematic analysis to identify and examine recurring patterns. The primary finding of this study reveals that 46% (i.e., 181 participants) of the respondents acknowledge the role of social media in reporting incidents of physical violence. Around 90 participants, representing 23% of the total sample, disagreed that social media has a role in reporting incidents of physical violence.Yet, a slightly large proportion of participants (122 = 32%) said they are not sure whether social media has a function in reporting physical violence. Thus, the overall finding of this study reveal that social media plays a role in reporting physical violence. This study suggests that social media can serve to reveal previously unreported cases of physical violence in addition to its primary societal function. Instead of looking at social media as the root of various types of violence, scholars should think about the function it plays in reporting on it. Key words: social media; violence; physical violence; functionalism, Uganda.
Complete Ionisation of the Neutral Gas in High Redshift Radio Galaxies and Quasars
Creators: name: Curran, S. J.
name: Whiting, M. T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Cool neutral gas provides the raw material for all star formation in the Universe, and yet, from a survey of the hosts of high redshift radio galaxies and quasars, we find a complete dearth of atomic (HI 21-cm) and molecular (OH, CO, HCO+ & HCN) absorption at redshifts z > 3. Upon a thorough analysis of the optical photometry, we find that all of our targets have ionising ultra-violet continuum luminosities of logL > 23 W/Hz. We therefore attribute this deficit to the traditional optical selection of targets biasing surveys towards the most ultra-violet luminous objects, where the intense radiation excites the neutral gas to the point where it cannot engage in star formation. However, this hypothesis does not explain why there is a critical luminosity, rather than a continuum where the detections gradually become fewer and fewer as the harshness of the radiation increases. We show that by placing a quasar within a galaxy of gas there is always a finite ultra-violet luminosity above which all of the gas is ionised. This demonstrates that these galaxies are probably devoid of star-forming material rather than this being at abundances below the sensitivity limits of current radio telescopes.
description: To appear in Molecular Gas, Dust and Star Formation in Galaxies. Proceedings IAU Symposium No. 292
Real Space Approach to CMB deboosting
Creators: name: Yoho, Amanda
name: Copi, Craig J.
name: Starkman, Glenn D.
name: Pereira, Thiago S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The effect of our Galaxy's motion through the Cosmic Microwave Background rest frame, which aberrates and Doppler shifts incoming photons measured by current CMB experiments, has been shown to produce mode-mixing in the multipole space temperature coefficients. However, multipole space determinations are subject to many difficulties, and a real-space analysis can provide a straightforward alternative. In this work we describe a numerical method for removing Lorentz- boost effects from real-space temperature maps. We show that to deboost a map so that one can accurately extract the temperature power spectrum requires calculating the boost kernel at a finer pixelization than one might naively expect. In idealized cases that allow for easy comparison to analytic results, we have confirmed that there is indeed mode mixing among the spherical harmonic coefficients of the temperature. We find that using a boost kernel calculated at Nside=8192 leads to a 1% bias in the binned boosted power spectrum at l~2000, while individual Cls exhibit ~5% fluctuations around the binned average. However, this bias is dominated by pixelization effects and not the aberration and Doppler shift of CMB photons that causes the fluctuations. Performing analysis on maps with galactic cuts does not induce any additional error in the boosted, binned power spectra over the full sky analysis. For multipoles that are free of resolution effects, there is no detectable deviation between the binned boosted and unboosted spectra. This result arises because the power spectrum is a slowly varying function of and does not show that, in general, Lorentz boosts can be neglected for other cosmological quantities such as polarization maps or higher-point functions.
description: 8 pages, submitted to MNRAS
Global continuation of monotone wavefronts
Creators: name: Gomez, Adrian
name: Trofimchuk, Sergei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 34K12, 35K57, 92D25

description: In this paper, we answer the question about the criteria of existence of monotone travelling fronts $u = ϕ(ν\cdot x+ct), ϕ(-\infty) =0, ϕ(+\infty) = κ,$ for the monostable (and, in general, non-quasi-monotone) delayed reaction-diffusion equations $u_t(t,x) - Δu(t,x) = f(u(t,x), u(t-h,x)).$ $C^{1,γ}$-smooth $f$ is supposed to satisfy $f(0,0) = f(κ,κ) =0$ together with other monostability restrictions. Our theory covers the two most important cases: Mackey-Glass type diffusive equations and KPP-Fisher type equations. The proofs are based on a variant of Hale-Lin functional-analytic approach to the heteroclinic solutions where Lyapunov-Schmidt reduction is realized in a `mobile' weighted space of $C^2$-smooth functions. This method requires a detailed analysis of a family of associated linear differential Fredholm operators: at this stage, the discrete Lyapunov functionals by Mallet-Paret and Sell are used in an essential way.
description: 21 pages, 3 figures, submitted
Slawische Reihengräber von Gorsleben im Mansfelder Seekreise
Creators: name: Förtsch, Oskar
Publisher: name: Jahresschrift für mitteldeutsche Vorgeschichte
Year: 2019

description: -
description: Jahresschrift für mitteldeutsche Vorgeschichte, Bd. 3 (1904): Jahresschrift für die Vorgeschichte der sächsisch-thüringischen Länder
Real-time full bandwidth measurement of spectral noise in supercontinuum generation
Creators: name: Wetzel, B.
name: Stefani, A.
name: Larger, L.
name: Lacourt, P. A.
name: Merolla, J. M.
name: Sylvestre, T.
name: Kudlinski, A.
name: Mussot, A.
name: Genty, G.
name: Dias, F.
name: Dudley, J. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The ability to measure real-time fluctuations of ultrashort pulses propagating in optical fiber has provided significant insights into fundamental dynamical effects such as modulation instability and the formation of frequency-shifting rogue wave solitons. We report here a detailed study of real-time fluctuations across the full bandwidth of a fiber supercontinuum which directly reveals the significant variation in measured noise statistics across the spectrum, and which allows us to study correlations between widely separated spectral components. For two different propagation distances corresponding to the onset phase of spectral broadening and the fully-developed supercontinuum, we measure real time noise across the supercontinuum bandwidth, and we quantify the supercontinuum noise using statistical higher-order moments and a frequency-dependent intensity correlation map. We identify correlated spectral regions within the supercontinuum associated with simultaneous sideband generation, as well as signatures of pump depletion and soliton-like pump dynamics. Experimental results are in excellent agreement with simulations.
Deliverable D1.4: Progress Report 1  (01.09.2022-31.08.2023)
Creators: name: Chmielewska-Śmietanko, Dagmara
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: This report presents scope of work carried out and the most important results obtained within the first year of RADOV implementation. Objectives and the progress towards objectives during the Y1 were specified for each WP. RADOV communication activities and scientific output were listed.
Improving mobility management in 5G networks
Creators: name: Alattas, Alawi
Publisher: name: Loughborough University
Year: 2023

description: The number of Internet users is expected to grow exponentially. To keep up with the growing demand and need for 5G mobile services, small cells like pico and femto base stations are added to the network of macrocells in the same area to form Heterogenous Networks (HetNets). HetNets have the ability to greatly increase system capacity to consumers while also providing uninterrupted high-rate communication services to users more reliably. In order to provide uninterrupted service, the network must handover the user's radio connection to the new cell when they switch cells. Mobility management is one of the most difficult aspects of 5G HetNet.When a significant number of small cells are deployed into a HetNet, cell edges and inter-cellular contact grow. This results in more handover occurrences and radio link failures. Furthermore, additional signal load arises as a result of mutual signalling that takes place during handover failure and ping-pong handovers, which consumes the resources that were allotted for data transfer in an inefficient manner while also reducing the battery life of the user equipment.This research focuses on developing novel mobility management models for 5G HetNets that would take into consideration the speed of the user in a condensed eMBB setting in an effort to reduce handover delays and unnecessary handovers. This in turn would enable delivering better QoS for mobile user equipment (UE) in a 5G network. Furthermore, milli-metre wave frequencies are considered an enabling technology for 5G networks. However, these frequencies are notorious for their high susceptibility to the environment. Therefore, for the progression of developing 5G networks, it is imperative to establish novel mobility management mechanisms that would lower handover issues while maintaining continuous connectivity for mobile users.In this research we propose an improved dynamic Time-to-Trigger algorithm that considers both the user's speed and signal to interference and noise ratio (SINR) difference experienced. The goal of this improved handover mechanism is to reduce the number of handovers for UEs moving at different speeds (up to 60 mph), leading to reduced packet loss and latency, and improved throughput achieved by users. Compared to the traditional dynamic algorithm, this research reports significant benefits of the proposed dynamic time-to-trigger algorithm for users moving at varying speeds. Users moving at 60 mph reported 10 percent increase in throughput when utilising the proposed algorithm, whereas users moving at 15 mph reported 5 percent increase in throughput, compared to the state of the art.
Creating Community-Driven Pathways to Equitable Open Scholarly Publishing with CRAFT-OA, DIAMAS, and PALOMERA - WEBINAR Slides
Creators: name: Rooryck, Johan
name: Bargheer, Margo
name: Mounier, Pierre
name: Stern, Niels
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Presentation slides from CRAFT-OA, DIAMAS, and PALOMERA joint project webinar (20/06/23). Recording available on YouTube. Three projects. Over 40 partners. One goal: Community-led Open Scholarly Publishing. EU projects CRAFT-OA, DIAMAS, and PALOMERA are working for an equitable future for scholarly communication, with academic communities at the centre. In the webinar, participants were introduced to each project and their individual aims. Following this, discussion focused on how, despite their separate focus areas, their efforts work towards a broad and common vision for a more open and equitable scholarly publishing ecosystem. CRAFT-OA empowers regional journal platforms and publishing service providers to upscale, professionalise, and reach stronger interoperability with other scientific information systems, by providing services and tools. The DIAMAS project is developing common standards, guidelines and practices to build capacity for the Diamond publishing sector. Formulating recommendations of this kind aims to create a more sustainable future for OA Diamond Publishing in Europe. PALOMERA has set out to provide actionable recommendations and concrete resources to support and coordinate aligned funder and institutional policies for Open Access books. Doing so involves assessing challenges and bottlenecks that currently slow the widespread implementation of OA book policy.
Cavity optomechanics with Si3N4 membranes at cryogenic temperatures
Creators: name: Purdy, T. P.
name: Peterson, R. W.
name: Yu, P. -L.
name: Regal, C. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe a cryogenic cavity-optomechanical system that combines Si3N4 membranes with a mechanically-rigid Fabry-Perot cavity. The extremely high quality-factor frequency products of the membranes allow us to cool a MHz mechanical mode to a phonon occupation of less than 10, starting at a bath temperature of 5 kelvin. We show that even at cold temperatures thermally-occupied mechanical modes of the cavity elements can be a limitation, and we discuss methods to reduce these effects sufficiently to achieve ground state cooling. This promising new platform should have versatile uses for hybrid devices and searches for radiation pressure shot noise.
description: 19 pages, 5 figures, submitted to New Journal of Physics
On the Transfer of Information and Energy in Multi-User Systems
Creators: name: Fouladgar, Ali Mohammad
name: Simeone, Osvaldo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The problem of joint transfer of information and energy for wireless links has been recently investigated in light of emerging applications such as RFID and body area networks. Specifically, recent work has shown that the additional requirements of providing sufficient energy to the receiver significantly affects the design of the optimal communication strategy. In contrast to most previous works, this letter focuses on baseline multi-user systems, namely multiple access and multi-hop channels, and demonstrates that energy transfer constraints call for additional coordination among distributed nodes of a wireless network. The analysis is carried out using information theoretic tools, and specific examples are worked out to illustrate the main conclusions.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures, Accepted for publication in IEEE Communication Letters
Machine learning for predicting biomethane production from microbial communities' composition in full scale anaerobic digesters
Creators: name: Andreia F. Salvador
name: Georges F. R. Radohery
name: Giovanni Melandri
name: Sylvain Prigent
name: M. Alcina Pereira
name: Pierre Petriacq
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Poster presented by Andreia Salvador, PhD from the University of Minho, during the FEMS2023 congress, celebrated on July 9th-13th at the Congress Center of Hamburg (Germany). The poster was also contributed by M. Alcina Pereira (University of Minho), Georges F. R. Radohery, Giovanni Melandri, Sylvain Prigent, and Pierre Petriacq (University of Bordeaux).
New exact solutions of nonlinear variants of the RLW, the PHI-four and Boussinesq equations based on modified extended direct algebraic method
Creators: name: Soliman, A. A.
name: Abdo, H. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: By means of modified extended direct algebraic method (MEDA) the multiple exact complex solutions of some different kinds of nonlinear partial differential equations are presented and implemented in a computer algebraic system. New complex solutions for nonlinear equations such as the variant of the RLW equation, the variant of the PHI-four equation and the variant Boussinesq equations are obtained.
description: 12 pages, Journal Paper
Quantum Electrodynamic Corrections to the g Factor of Helium P States
Creators: name: Puchalski, M.
name: Jentschura, U. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Lande g factor describes the response of an atomic energy level to an external perturbation by a uniform and constant magnetic field. In the case of many-electron systems, the leading term is given by the interaction mu_B*(L+2S.B), where L and S are the orbital and spin angular momentum operators, respectively, summed over all electrons. For helium, a long-standing experimental-theoretical discrepancy for P states motivates a reevaluation of the higher-order terms which follow from relativistic quantum theory and quantum electrodynamics (QED). The tensor structure of relativistic corrections involves scalar, vector, and symmetric and anti-symmetric tensor components. We perform a tensorial reduction of these operators in a Cartesian basis, using an approach which allows us to separate the internal atomic from the external degrees of freedom (magnetic field) right from the start of the calculation. The evaluation proceeds in a Cartesian basis of helium eigenstates, using a weighted sum over the magnetic projections. For the relativistic corrections, this leads to a verification of previous results obtained using the Wigner-Eckhart theorem. The same method, applied to the radiative correction (Bethe logarithm term) leads to a spin-dependent correction which is different for singlet versus triplet P states. Theoretical predictions are given for singlet and triplet 2P and triplet 3P states and compared to experimental results where available.
description: 11 pages; RevTeX
title: Methodik zur automatisierten Extrahierung, Formalisierung und Handhabung von Änderungen technischer Anforderungen
title: Methodology for automated extraction, formalisation and handling of changes to technical requirements
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Preuß, Daniel
Publisher: name: Heinz Nixdorf Institut, Universität Paderborn
Year: 2024

description: Unvollständige Anforderungslisten, mehrdeutige Anforderungen und Anforderungsänderungen sind Hauptgründe für das Scheitern von Entwicklungsprojekten. Die manuelle Analyse von natürlich-sprachlichen Anforderungsdokumenten – zur Erhöhung der Vollständigkeit der Anforderungsliste – ist aufwändig, fehleranfällig und führt zu hohen Kosten. Es besteht ein Bedarf nach einer automatisierten Extrahierung von Anforderungen, um Aufwände und Kosten in der Analyse natürlich-sprachlicher Anforderungsdokumente zu reduzieren. Natürliche Sprache ist inhärent mehrdeutig. Es ist für Software-Werkzeuge nicht möglich, diese direkt zu interpretieren. Außerdem müssen Anforderungen formalisiert werden, um diese für verschiedene Software-Werkzeuge in der Produktentwicklung interpretierbar zu machen. Zur Handhabung von Anforderungsänderungen wird ein Risikomanagement benötigt, welches frühzeitig im Projekt anwendbar ist. Durch die Methodik zur Extrahierung, Formalisierung und Handhabung von Änderungen technischer Anforderungen werden Lösungen zur Überwindung dieser Schwierigkeiten zur Verfügung gestellt. In der Methodik werden KI-basierte Methoden als „Enabler“ für vollständige und eindeutige Anforderungslisten genutzt. Außerdem wird ein Mehrwert für das Risikomanagement von Anforderungsänderungen generiert, indem Anforderungsabhängigkeiten aufwandsarm erkannt werden und die Berechnung von Änderungsrisiken von Anforderungen in der industriellen Praxis ermöglicht werden.
description: Incomplete requirement specifications, ambiguous requirements and requirement changes are the main reasons of failure of engineering projects. Manual analysis of natural language specification documents – to increase completeness of requirement specifications – is time-consuming, error-prone and leads to high costs. There is a need for automated extraction of requirements to reduce the effort and cost of analysing natural language specification documents. Natural language is inherently ambiguous. It is not possible for software tools to interpret it directly. Furthermore, requirements need to be formalised to make them interpretable for different engineering tools. To handle changes in requirements, risk management is needed that can be applied early in the project. The methodology for extracting, formalising and handling changes to technical requirements provides solutions for overcoming these difficulties. In the methodology, AI-based approaches are used as enablers for complete and unambiguous requirement specifications. In addition, value is generated for the risk management of requirements changes, in that requirement dependencies can be identified with little effort and the calculation of change risks is enabled in practice.
description: Verlagsschriftenreihe des Heinz Nixdorf Instituts, 427
The Scientific Legacy of Apollo
Creators: name: Crawford, Ian A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: On the 40th anniversary of the last human expedition to the Moon, I review the scientific legacy of the Apollo programme and argue that science would benefit from a human return to the Moon.
description: Article published in the December 2012 issue of the Royal Astronomical Society journal Astronomy and Geophysics
Приспособление для контроля относительной жёсткости одинаковых пружин на сжатие
Creators: name: В.В., Любимов
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1985
Subjects: Пружинные механизмы, перфораторы, телетайпы, проверка параметров пружин на сжатие

description: В работе (в предложении) дано описание конструкции и схемы электронного устройства, которое позволяет проводить технологическую операцию по проверке одинаковых конструкций и размеров пружин на их сжатие. Эта операция необходима, например, для обеспечения одинаковых параметров пружин при установке и использовании их в ленточном перфораторе при длительной регистрации цифровых данных магнитометров в экспедиционных условиях эксплуатации регистратора. Также одинаковые параметры пружин необходимы при изготовлении различного типа подвесок для кварцевых датчиков при их транспортировке в место проведения работ и экспедиций. Существует также много других устройств, которые требуют определения идентичности (или отбраковки) используемых пружин по параметрам их сжатия. Предложенное устройство многие годы использовалось в различных морских магнитометрических исследованиях и экспедициях сотрудниками ИЗМИРАН на судах Академии наук и в обсерваториях, На данное рационализаторское предложение получено официальное Удостоверение зарегистрированное в Патентном отделе ИЗМИРАН СССР 19.04.1985 г. под №23/263.
Hinweise für Publikationen der Römisch-Germanischen Kommission
Creators: name: Redaktion, Die
Publisher: name: Bericht der Römisch-Germanischen Kommission
Year: 2019

description: -
description: Bericht der Römisch-Germanischen Kommission, Bd. 96. 2015 (2019): Bericht der Römisch-Germanischen Kommission
Origin of the Large Anisotropy in the χ_3 Anomaly in URu_2Si_2
Creators: name: Chandra, Premala
name: Coleman, Piers
name: Flint, Rebecca
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Motivated by recent quantum oscillations experiments on URu_2Si_2, we discuss the microscopic origin of the large anisotropy observed many years ago in the anomaly of the nonlinear susceptibility in this same material. We show that the magnitude of this anomaly emerges naturally from hastatic order, a proposal for hidden order that is a two-component spinor arising from the hybridization of a non-Kramers Gamma_5 doublet with Kramers conduction electrons. A prediction is made for the angular anisotropy of the nonlinear susceptibility anomaly as a test of this proposed order parameter for URu_2Si_2.
description: Invited talk at Materials & Mechanisms of Superconductivity (M2S) Washington, 2012
A REVIEW OF ENVIRONMENTAL AND GEOTECHNICAL FACTORS FOR AN ENGINEERED SANITARY LANDFILL DESIGN IN DELTA STATE NIGERIA
Creators: name: Nwaobi, Emeka Emmanuel
name: Eje, Prof. Brendan
name: Abonyi, Dr. Obianuju
Publisher: name: SADI journals
Year: 2023
Subjects: Sanitary landfill
Environmental factors Geotechnical factors and Waste management

description: This study explored the critical environmental and geotechnical factors that influence the design of engineered sanitary landfills in Delta State, Nigeria. As the demand for sustainable waste management practices grows, understanding the unique challenges and opportunities within the local context is imperative. The study examines the environmental considerations, including climate, hydrogeology, and ecosystem impact, to ensure that the proposed landfill design aligns with ecological sustainability. Furthermore, the geotechnical aspects of the review focus on soil characteristics, slope stability, and foundation design, addressing the engineering challenges associated with constructing and maintaining a stable landfill structure. Delta State's geological and geotechnical conditions are analyzed to determine their impact on landfill performance, longevity, and potential risks. By synthesizing information on both environmental and geotechnical factors, this review aims to provide engineers, policymakers, and stakeholders with a comprehensive understanding of the intricacies involved in designing sanitary landfills in Delta State. The findings contribute to the development of guidelines and best practices tailored to the local environment, fostering sustainable waste management solutions and minimizing adverse environmental impacts.
Exact quantum dynamics of bosons with finite-range time-dependent interactions of harmonic type
Creators: name: Lode, Axel U. J.
name: Sakmann, Kaspar
name: Alon, Ofir E.
name: Cederbaum, Lorenz S.
name: Streltsov, Alexej I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The exactly solvable quantum many-particle model with harmonic one- and two-particle interaction terms is extended to include time-dependency. We show that when the external trap potential and finite-range interparticle interaction have a time-dependency the exact solutions of the corresponding time-dependent many-boson Schrödinger equation are still available. We use these exact solutions to benchmark the recently developed multiconfigurational time-dependent Hartree method for bosons (MCTDHB) [Phys. Rev. Lett. {\bf 99}, 030402 (2007), Phys. Rev. A {\bf 77}, 033613 (2008)]. In particular, we benchmark the MCTDHB method for: (i) the ground state; (ii) the breathing many-body dynamics activated by a quench scenario where the interparticle interaction strength is suddenly turned on to a finite value; (iii) the non-equilibrium dynamic for driven scenarios where both the trap- and interparticle-interaction potentials are {\it time-dependent}. Excellent convergence of the ground state and dynamics is demonstrated. The great relevance of the self-consistency and time-adaptivity, which are the intrinsic features of the MCTDHB method, is demonstrated by contrasting the MCTDHB predictions and those obtained within the standard full configuration interaction method spanning the Fock space of the same size, but utilizing as one-particle basis set the fixed-shape eigenstates of the one-particle potential. Connections of the model's results to ultra-cold Bose-Einstein condensed systems are addressed.
description: 31 pages, 5 figures
Design of Optically Path Length Matched, Three-Dimensional Photonic Circuits Comprising Uniquely Routed Waveguides
Creators: name: Charles, Ned
name: Jovanovic, Nemanja
name: Gross, Simon
name: Stewart, Paul
name: Norris, Barnaby
name: O'Byrne, John
name: Lawrence, Jon S.
name: Withford, Michael J.
name: Tuthill, Peter G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A method for designing physically path length matched, three-dimensional photonic circuits is described. We focus specifically on the case where all the waveguides are uniquely routed from the input to output; a problem which has not been addressed to date and allows for the waveguides to be used in interferometric measurements. Circuit elements were fabricated via the femtosecond laser direct-write technique. We demonstrate via interferometric methods that the fabricated circuits were indeed optically path length matched to within 45 um which is within the coherence length required for many applications.
description: 11 pages, 15 figures
title: AI3SD AI4Good Workshop @ WebSci'20 Report 2020
Creators: name: Pauli, Michelle
Publisher: name: University of Southampton
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: AI3SD, Artificial Intelligence, AI, Ethics, Accountability, Responsibility, Transparency, Morality

description: We are living through an AI and data revolution. Artificial and augmented intelligence systems are already being used in the scientific discovery domain and have the potential to make a groundbreaking impact. However, using AI in this way comes with a wealth of ethical and societal considerations, from algorithmic bias to explainability and privacy concerns. Ethical frameworks covering many of these issues abound but are they enough? Tensions, trade-offs and transparency in AI were the themes running through the AI3SD Network+âs all-day workshop, part of the ACM Web Science 2020 conference. In a vibrant example of the interdisciplinary approach that is essential to addressing these big challenges, philosophers, computer and material scientists, sociologists, ethicists and many more gathered to explore the topic. Four presentations set out some of the key issues. Participants then tackled the ethical dimensions of a very current real-life application, using data from a Covid-19 contact tracing app for scientific research, in an interactive session using Moral IT cards. Due to the Covid-19 situation, the entire workshop was conducted via Zoom.
Palaeontology, biostratigraphy and palaeoecology of the graptolite from the Hulo Formation (Darriwilian – Sandbian) in northwestern Zhejiang Province, East China
Creators: name: Xuan, Ma
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Graptolite, Zhejiang, Ordovician, South China

description: Ma, X.: Palaeontology, biostratigraphy and palaeoecology of the graptolite from the Hulo Formation (Darriwilian – Sandbian) in northwestern Zhejiang Province, East China. A Ph.D dissertation submitted to University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (supervised by Prof. Zhang Y-D). 1-301. 2020 Darriwilian (Middle Ordovician) to early Sandbian (Late Ordovician) is an interval of critical transitions in global tectonics and sedimentary environments, and a key period for the Great Ordovician Biodiversification Event (GOBE) and the rising
 of the Paleozoic Evolutionary Fauna (PEF). As one of the predominant zooplanktons of PEF, graptolites underwent a rapid phylogenetic evolution and burst of new forms, and reached its taxonomic and morphological diversity acmes in Darriwilian. Among the most significant turnovers is the replacement of dichograptids, a fauna typified by its multiramous morphos and its predominance in the Early Ordovician, by diplograptids, which first appeared in the early Middle Ordovician and
 predominated in the entire Late Ordovician. Furthermore, a variety of morphological types of graptolites appeared, including the tubaria of scandent, partially scandent, non-scandent, single-stiped and rod-like forms, as well as some extraordinary architectures of thecal morphology and arrangement, such as extremely elongated or strongly deformed thecae, intensely compact proximal end by means of obverse-reverse thecal superposition, or massive reduction of thecal walls. These various kinds of new architectures of tubaria and thecal types represent a significant functional and palaeoecological innovation in the evolutionary history of graptolites. A study on the palaeontology, biostratigraphy and palaeoecology of diverse Darriwilian to early Sandbian graptolite fauna with continuous biostratigraphic occurrences, will enhance our understanding of graptolite macroevolution in response to environmental changes during the GOBE.
Alfabetización informacional y mediática para la formación ciudadana y toma de decisiones informadas en democracia. Experiencia y aporte desde UTPL, Ecuador
Creators: name: Suing, Abel
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Pandemia
Covid-19
información
noticias
ciudadanía
fakenews
verdad
valores
fact-checking
Ecuador
Fundamedios
OIME

description: Presentación realizada en el encuentro "Pandemia, desinformación y elecciones", parte del proyecto “Apoyo al Ciclo Electoral en Ecuador 2020-2022”, que es una iniciativa del Consejo Nacional Electoral del Ecuador y el Tribunal Contencioso Electoral, con el apoyo del Programa de las Naciones Unidas en su implementación y la financiación de la Unión Europea, la Agencia Española de Cooperación Internacional para el Desarrollo y la Embajada de Suiza. https://www.eluniverso.com/noticias/internacional/ecuador-colombia-bolivia-y-peru-firman-declaracion-para-combatir-la-desinformacion-electoral-nota/
Two Ising-like magnetic excitations in a single-layer cuprate superconductor
Creators: name: Li, Yuan
name: Yu, G.
name: Chan, M. K.
name: Baledent, V.
name: Li, Yangmu
name: Barisic, N.
name: Zhao, X.
name: Hradil, K.
name: Mole, R. A.
name: Sidis, Y.
name: Steffens, P.
name: Bourges, P.
name: Greven, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: There exists increasing evidence that the phase diagram of the high-transition temperature (Tc) cuprate superconductors is controlled by a quantum critical point. One distinct theoretical proposal is that, with decreasing hole-carrier concentration, a transition occurs to an ordered state with two circulating orbital currents per CuO2 square. Below the 'pseudogap' temperature T* (T* > Tc), the theory predicts a discrete order parameter and two weakly-dispersive magnetic excitations in structurally simple compounds that should be measurable by neutron scattering. Indeed, novel magnetic order and one such excitation were recently observed. Here, we demonstrate for tetragonal HgBa2CuO4+d the existence of a second excitation with local character, consistent with the theory. The excitations mix with conventional antiferromagnetic fluctuations, which points toward a unifying picture of magnetism in the cuprates that will likely require a multi-band description.
description: Including supplementary information