cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
INPUT CHOICES IN AGRICULTURE: IS THERE A GENDER BIAS?
Creators: name: Bhagowalia, Priya
name: Chen, Susan E.
name: Shively, Gerald E.
name: Bhagowalia, Priya
name: Chen, Susan E.
name: Shively, Gerald E.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Labor and Human Capital
subject: gender bias
subject: agricultural economics
subject: inputs
subject: village level studies
subject: son

description: Most developing countries strive to improve agricultural productivity by relaxing credit constraints, supplying better inputs, and improving marketing and distribution. However the efficacy of these reforms needs to be examined in the context of the behavioral responses of farming households. This study examines gender biases within households that affect short-term decisions with immediate and long-term implications. This study utilizes data from ICRISAT's village level studies in India (1975-85) to highlight the effects of child gender on the use of agricultural inputs. The main finding is that households with boys tend to use purchased inputs such as fertilizers and insecticides more intensively compared with households with girls. In general, household with boys also tend to have larger land holdings, and use animal and human labor to a greater extent than household with girls.
Site-to-Site Internet Traffic Control
Creators: name: Cangialosi, Frank
name: Narayan, Akshay
name: Goyal, Prateesh
name: Mittal, Radhika
name: Alizadeh, Mohammad
name: Balakrishnan, Hari
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Queues allow network operators to control traffic: where queues build, they can enforce scheduling and shaping policies. In the Internet today, however, there is a mismatch between where queues build and where control is most effectively enforced; queues build at bottleneck links that are often not under the control of the data sender. To resolve this mismatch, we propose a new kind of middlebox, called Bundler. Bundler uses a novel inner control loop between a sendbox (in the sender's site) and a receivebox (in the receiver's site) to determine the aggregate rate for the bundle, leaving the end-to-end connections and their control loops intact. Enforcing this sending rate ensures that bottleneck queues that would have built up from the bundle's packets now shift from the bottleneck to the sendbox. The sendbox then exercises control over its traffic by scheduling packets to achieve higher-level objectives. We have implemented Bundler in Linux and evaluated it with real-world and emulation experiments. We find that Bundler allows the sender-chosen policy to be effective: when configured to implement Stochastic Fairness Queueing (SFQ), it improves median flow completion time (FCT) by between 28% and 97% across various scenarios.
description: 15 pages, 14 figures
SPATIAL ACCESSIBILITY OF HEALTH CARE IN INDIANA
Creators: name: Unal, Eda
name: Chen, Susan E.
name: Waldorf, Brigitte S.
name: Unal, Eda
name: Chen, Susan E.
name: Waldorf, Brigitte S.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Health Economics and Policy
subject: spatial accessibility
subject: health care
subject: geographic information systems (GIS)

description: Healthy populations and access to health care services are significant factors influencing economic development and prosperity. Since geographic access is an essential feature of an overall health system, it is important for health service researchers to develop accurate measures of physical access to health. In this paper we develop a series of gravity-based health care accessibility measures for all the counties in Indiana. The measures go beyond local availability of health care services within a county and account for travel impedance via distance-discounted health care services accessible throughout the state. When applied to Indiana counties, the results show sharp disparities in health care accessibility with extensive pockets of poor accessibility in rural and peripheral areas. The research concludes with a demonstration of how spatial accessibility measures can be beneficially used to evaluate of policies indicative of changes in the provision of health services.
Petrologic studies of process interactions in metamorphic systems : deformation and metamorphism in the selkirk allochthon orogenic wedge; and feedback mechanisms during reactive fluid flow
Creators: name: Marchildon, Marie-France Nathalie
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: The first part of this thesis focuses on the tectono-metamorphic evolution of the Selkirk Allochthon, a welt of supracrustal rocks deformed and metamorphosed during Mesozoic to early Cenozoic time as a result of terrane collision at the western edge of North America. The studied area is part of the Selkirk Allochthon. Pelitic rocks in the area record a Barrovian metamorphic field gradient. Detailed mapping of metamorphic assemblage distribution and textural analysis of pelitic rocks has unraveled two distinct metamorphic events (M1 and M2). Emplacement of the Bigmouth Creek stock, which intrudes rocks of the Big Fish Creek area was dated as mid-Jurassic, with evidence for substantial reheating in early Cretaceous time. Based on regional correlation, M1 is assigned a mid-Jurassic age, synchronous with emplacement of the Bigmouth Creek stock. M2 is interpreted to have resulted from the early Cretaceous thermal event. The development of early-M2 kyanite and late-M2 andalusite indicates decompression over at least 3 kbar, implying at least 10 km of denudation. Detailed analysis of structural elements suggests that the area was part of a long-lived, mid-crustal zone of intense distributed strain. Uplift and denudation of metamorphic rocks by tectonic extension and coaxial thinning were synchronous with continued contraction. A tectono-thermal model is proposed for the Allochthon as a long-lived, dynamic orogenic wedge within which deformation accommodated contraction due to terrane convergence and accretion, and polycyclic metamorphism resulted from thickening and maintenance of the wedge over at least 20 My. Significant early Cretaceous thinning of the wedge recorded by extensional strain and late-M2 decompression resulted from waning of far-field contraction, and/or from rheological modification of the wedge due to thermal relaxation. The second part of this thesis reports on a study of heterogeneous reactive transport of H2O-CO2 fluids during contact metamorphism of siliceous dolomites. Comparison of mineral assemblage distributions resulting from numerical simulations of heterogeneous flow with assemblage distribution in the Alta (Utah) contact aureole indicates that mineral reactions record flow through highly heterogeneous permeability. This is interpreted to result from positive feedback between reaction enhancement of permeability and flow-focusing. Comparison with other contact aureoles suggests that this is a common mechanism of permeability evolution during contact metamorphism of carbonate rocks. More homogeneous permeability recorded in regional metamorphic rocks may reflect fundamental differences in the relative rates of fluid flow and compaction in regional and contact metamorphic environments.
Carbon-Enhanced Metal-Poor Stars. III. Main-Sequence Turn-Off Stars from the SDSS/SEGUE Sample
Creators: name: Aoki, Wako
name: Beers, Timothy C.
name: Sivarani, Thirupathi
name: Marsteller, Brian
name: Lee, Young Sun
name: Honda, Satoshi
name: Norris, John E.
name: Ryan, Sean G.
name: Carollo, Daniela
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The chemical compositions of seven Carbon-Enhanced Metal-Poor (CEMP) turn-off stars are determined from high-resolution spectroscopy. Five of them are selected from the SDSS/SEGUE sample of metal-poor stars. The effective temperatures of these objects are all higher than 6000 K, while their metallicities, parametrized by [Fe/H], are all below -2. Six of our program objects exhibit high abundance ratios of barium ([Ba/H]> +1), suggesting large contributions of the products of former AGB companions via mass transfer across binary systems. Combining our results with previous studies provides a total of 20 CEMP main-sequence turn-off stars for which the abundances of carbon and at least some neutron-capture elements are determined. Inspection of the [C/H] ratios for this sample of CEMP turn-off stars show that they are generally higher than those of CEMP giants; their dispersion in this ratio is also smaller. We take these results to indicate that the carbon-enhanced material provided from the companion AGB star is preserved at the surface of turn-off stars with no significant dilution. In contrast, a large dispersion in the observed [Ba/H] is found for the sample of CEMP turn-off stars, suggesting that the efficiency of the s-process in very metal-poor AGB stars may differ greatly from star to star. Four of the six stars from the SDSS/SEGUE sample exhibit kinematics that are associated with membership in the outer-halo population, a remarkably high fraction.
description: 45 pages, 10 figures, 10 tables, Astrophysical Journal, in press
ESTIMATING THE IMPORTANCE OF SHELF SPACE CONFIGURATION ON RETAILER'S PROFIT
Creators: name: Roucan-Kane, Maud
name: Martens, Bobby J.
name: Preckel, Paul V.
name: Roucan-Kane, Maud
name: Martens, Bobby J.
name: Preckel, Paul V.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: shelf space allocation
subject: retail
subject: optimization
subject: grocery
subject: elasticity
subject: GAMS
subject: ketchup

description: Retail shelf space allocation remains a central issue in grocery retailing. A literature review produced many studies on retail shelf space allocation, but none which evaluated shelf space allocation using three major factors at once: space, vertical height, and price. In this study, shelf space allocation was modeled from the perspective of a retailer maximizing profit using space, vertical height, and price. Using benchmarking, the results show how shelf configuration affects consumer demand and retailer profit. Parameters for the model were based on experience-based intuition. Although the initial results are not valuable at this point, the method and results create a rationale and motivation to gather primary data. Once primary data is collected, this methodology has important applications. First, it develops an understanding of which parameters are important in determining optimal shelf space configuration. Second, a properly specified model would determine retailer's profit for specific shelf level configurations.
Lie structure of the Heisenberg-Weyl algebra
Creators: name: Cantuba, Rafael Reno S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 17B60, 16Z10, 81R50

description: As an associative algebra, the Heisenberg-Weyl algebra $\mathcal{H}$ is generated by two elements $A$, $B$ subject to the relation $AB-BA=1$. As a Lie algebra, however, where the usual commutator serves as Lie bracket, the elements $A$ and $B$ are not able to generate the whole space $\mathcal{H}$. We identify a non-nilpotent but solvable Lie subalgebra $\mathfrak{g}$ of $\mathcal{H}$, for which, using some facts from the theory of bases for free Lie algebras, we give a presentation by generators and relations. Under this presentation, we show that, for some algebra isomorphism $φ:\mathcal{H}\longrightarrow\mathcal{H}$, the Lie algebra $\mathcal{H}$ is generated by the generators of $\mathfrak{g}$, together with their images under $φ$, and that $\mathcal{H}$ is the sum of $\mathfrak{g}$, $φ(\mathfrak{g})$ and $\left[ \mathfrak{g},φ(\mathfrak{g})\right]$.
title: Seeing through the gall: the imaging dilemma in acute acalculous cholecystitis
Creators: name: Phipps, Benjamin
Publisher: name: The Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Radiologists
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Liver
subject: CT
subject: Nuclear medicine conventional
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Other
subject: Inflammation

description: Learning objectives
Background
Imaging findings OR Procedure details
Conclusion
Personal information
References
description: Learning objectives:
Learning Objectives To provide an overview of acute acalculous cholecystitis To examine the role of various imaging modalities in the diagnosis and treatment of this...
Gamma-Rays from Large Scale Structure Formation and the Warm-Hot Intergalactic Medium: Cosmic Baryometry with Gamma-Rays
Creators: name: Inoue, Susumu
name: Nagashima, Masahiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is shown that inverse Compton gamma-rays from electrons accelerated in large scale structure formation shocks can be crucially affected by non-gravitational effects such as radiative cooling and galaxy formation, with corresponding uncertainties by an order of magnitude in either the gamma-ray source counts or the extragalactic background contribution. However, this also implies that such gamma-rays may in the near future provide us with valuable information about the fraction of cosmic baryons in different forms, particularly the warm-hot intergalactic medium where the majority of the baryons in the universe are believed to reside. We address this problem in a simple way through semi-analytic modeling of structure formation shocks which self-consistently treats merger and accretion shocks.
description: 7 pages, 2 figures; slightly modified version of article to appear in Proc. of the "International Symposium on High Energy Gamma-Ray Astronomy" Heidelberg (2004), eds. F.A. Aharonian, H.J. Voelk and D. Horns (AIP, NY)
title: Modelos pedagógicos dos educadores na interação e na comunicação com as crianças durante tarefa cooperativa
Creators: name: Clérigo, Joana
name: Sousa, Otília
name: Lino, Dalila
name: Fuertes, Marina
Publisher: name: Escola Superior de Educação, Instituto Politécnico de Lisboa
Year: 2021

description: Os modelos pedagógicos guiam a atuação do educador (designado pedagogo no Brasil) ao perspetivar o papel da criança, do adulto, dos processos e dos contextos na aprendizagem. Neste estudo, pretende-se estudar a qualidade interativa (em termos de empatia, atenção, reciprocidade, cooperação, elaboração/fantasia e desafio proposto) e o estilo comunicativo (quanto à valorização, interrogação e orientação da atividade) em educadores com afiliações pedagógicas distintas. Para o efeito, participaram neste estudo 16 educadoras que se consideram afiliadas ao modelo High Scope (HS), 21 educadoras ao Movimento da Escola Moderna (MEM – movimento português inspirado na pedagogia Freinet) e 20 educadoras sem afiliação expressa a um modelo pedagógico (SMP). As educadoras realizaram, em colaboração com uma criança, um produto com materiais e ferramentas disponibilizados durante 20 minutos. As educadoras que se consideram afiliadas a modelos reagiram de forma mais adequada e com maior prontidão às observações e às emoções da criança do que as educadoras sem modelo preferencial. Em termos comunicativos, o grupo de educadoras MEM apresenta, em comparação com os outros dois grupos, mais perguntas de processo, sugestões, indicações e elogios. As perguntas de conteúdo e críticas são mais frequentes no grupo SMP. Em suma, os nossos resultados indicam que o modelo pedagógico do educador pode contribuir para a forma como interage com a criança.
ИСТОРИЯ РЕГУЛИРОВАНИЯ МУНИЦИПАЛЬНОЙ СЛУЖБЫ В СИСТЕМЕ ГОСУДАРСТВЕННОГО УПРАВЛЕНИЯ (2000-2010 ГГ.)
Creators: name: Каллагов Т.Э.
Publisher: name: Образование и право
Year: 2021
Subjects: государственное управление
государственная служба
муниципальное право
служебные отношения
закон
государственный гражданский служащий
права человека.

description: Реформирование системы государственной службы Российской Федерации в переходный период является одним из важных условий ускорения социально-экономического развития страны. Президент Российской Федерации в своих посланиях неоднократно указывал, что основным препятствием на пути экономических реформ является недостаточная эффективность государственного аппарата, несоответствие количества его полномочий качеству власти.
Scorecarding and Heat Mapping: Tools and Concepts for Assessing Strategic Uncertainty
Creators: name: Detre, Joshua D.
name: Briggeman, Brian C.
name: Boehlje, Michael
name: Gray, Allan W.
name: Detre, Joshua D.
name: Briggeman, Brian C.
name: Boehlje, Michael
name: Gray, Allan W.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Risk and Uncertainty
subject: Uncertainty
subject: scorecarding
subject: strategic uncertainty
subject: heat mapping
subject: potential
subject: exposure
subject: likelihood

description: The dramatic changes occurring throughout the agriculture industry are creating new and different uncertainties that result from a turbulent business climate. The objective of this paper is to present a methodology to understand, assess and evaluate, and manage strategic uncertainty. The approach is to present a mental model that frames assessment of strategic uncertainty from a potential and exposure perspective. Scorecarding and heat mapping assessment tools operationalize the mental model. Participants in an executive agribusiness educational workshop applied this mental model and the assessment tools to one of three hypothetical seed companies. The participants then provided an evaluation of the usefulness and effectiveness of uncertainty scorecarding and heat mapping.
title: Radiological features of a rare but important pathology – Soft Tissue Sarcoma
Creators: name: Severin, Julian
Publisher: name: The Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Radiologists
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Musculoskeletal soft tissue
subject: CT
subject: MR
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Education
subject: Cancer

description: Learning objectives
Background
Imaging findings OR Procedure details
Conclusion
Personal information
References
description: Learning objectives:
Soft tissue sarcoma (STS) remains a rare yet important pathology requiring accurate, timely diagnosis and management. Due to the complexity of its treatment, a multidisciplinary approach is utilized with radiological imaging and interpretation being...
Mimicking states with limited resources: passing quantum quiz via global control
Creators: name: Pyshkin, P. V.
name: Sherman, E. Ya.
name: Gábris, A.
name: Wu, Lian-Ao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Precise control of quantum systems with a moderate number of degrees of freedom, being of interest for application in quantum technologies, becomes experimentally feasible. Various types of quantum scenarios and protocols are being widely discussed in scientific literature. We propose, analyze, and optimize a protocol which allows fast simulation of properties of unknown quantum states relying on minimum relevant information. Our protocol, having common features with quantum identification and shortcuts to adiabaticity, permits avoiding orthogonality catastrophe, where transitions between physically very similar systems are characterized by zero or a very low fidelity.
КАЧЕСТВО ПИТАНИЯ НАСЕЛЕНИЯ КАК ПОКАЗАТЕЛЬ ПРОДОВОЛЬСТВЕННОЙ БЕЗОПАСНОСТИ СТРАНЫ
Creators: name: Журавлева Л.А.
name: Зарубина Е.В.
name: Ручкин А.В.
name: Симачкова Н.Н.
name: Чупина И.П.
Publisher: name: Образование и право
Year: 2021
Subjects: качество питания
продовольственная безопасность
культура питания
здоровье
экспертный опрос
социальная проблема
пищевое поведение
продовольственные системы.

description: В статье рассмотрена проблема качества питания населения как социальная проблема и один из важнейших критериев продовольственной безопасности государства. Актуальность данной темы детерминирована устойчивым интересом общественности, врачей и ученых к здоровью в целом и питанию, как фактору профилактики и даже исцеления болезней, в частности. Целью статьи является анализ качества питания населения на основе применения метода экспертных оценок. В опросе участвовало 20 экспертов, среди которых 4 кандидата философских наук, 2 доктора и 1 кандидат экономических наук, доктор юридических наук, кандидат исторических наук, 2 кандидата биологических наук, 1 кандидат сельскохозяйственных наук, семейный доктор, врач-диетолог, тренер по шахматам, деканы факультетов и директор института Уральского государственного аграрного университета, специалист по здоровому образу жизни. В качестве основного метода экспертного опроса было выбрано глубинное интервью. Одной из задач экспертного опроса было уточнение понятий: культура питания, здоровое питание, экология питания, поскольку определение смысловых дефиниций является одной из важнейших направлений деятельности ученых. Второй задачей опроса было выявление экспертами качества питания и оценка его безопасности для большинства жителей Екатеринбурга (среднего класса) по 5-балльной системе. Полученные в ходе опроса экспертов данные позволили всесторонне взглянуть на проблему качества питания населения как квинтэссенцию эффективности продовольственной безопасности страны, разработать рекомендации по решению данной социальной проблемы.
Success Factors for New Generation Cooperatives
Creators: name: Carlberg, Jared G.
name: Ward, Clement E.
name: Holcomb, Rodney B.
name: Carlberg, Jared G.
name: Ward, Clement E.
name: Holcomb, Rodney B.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: New Generation Cooperative
subject: self-explication

description: The goal of this research was to determine success factors for New Generation Cooperatives (NGCs). A self-explicated approach was used to assess the importance of various factors grouped in broad categories using data collected from a mailout survey of NGC managers. Results suggest that factors in the "Planning and Development" and "Financing and Costs" categories are considered to be critically important by NGC managers, though differences in factor rankings exist between managers of enterprises involved in the processing of different commodities.
title: Analysis and Optimisation of ionising radiation dose in CT-Fluoroscopy Guided Interventions
Creators: name: Severin, Julian
Publisher: name: The Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Radiologists
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Radioprotection / Radiation dose
subject: CT
subject: Biopsy
subject: Quality assurance

description: Purpose
Methods and materials
Results
Conclusion
Personal information
References
description: Purpose:
This study aims to improve practice of CT Fluoroscopic procedures by measuring the radiation dose reductions possible with implementation of procedure optimisations, whilst simultaneously offering a platform to guide further improvements in...
Does Price Signal Quality? Strategic Implications of Price as a Signal of Quality for the Case of Genetically Modified Food
Creators: name: Hwang, Yun Jae
name: Roe, Brian E.
name: Teisl, Mario F.
name: Hwang, Yun Jae
name: Roe, Brian E.
name: Teisl, Mario F.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Conjoint analysis
subject: genetically modified food
subject: pricing strategy
subject: price-quality relationship

description: We add to the limited empirical literature on consumers' use of price as a quality signal by testing if the traditional downward-sloping consumption-price relationship fails to hold for GM products using data collected from a nationally representative mail survey featuring several hypothetical product choice scenarios. Statistical evidence is mixed across the three products investigated but suggests that survey respondents use price as a signal of the quality of GM products. Implications for firm strategy are discussed.
A New Approach to Analyse $H\otimes (2h\oplus g)$ Jahn-Teller System for $C_{60}$
Creators: name: Koc, Ramazan
name: Tutunculer, Hayriye
name: Koca, Mehmet
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is now well known that electron (hole)-vibron coupling and hence Jahn-Teller (JT) effect is important understanding the properties of $C_{60}$ and related molecules. In this paper, we study $H\otimes (2h\oplus g)$ coupling case to find the potential energy surfaces for the positively charged $C_{60}$ molecule due to distortion. The $H\otimes (2h\oplus g)$ Jahn-Teller system is of particular importance as this will be the JT effect displayed by $C_{60}$ molecules removed with an electron. $C_{60}^{+}$ is obtained by removing one electron from fivefold degenerate Hu highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) and a hole in HOMO interacts with the vibrational modes of $C_{60}$ and symmetry is broken. We apply the method of symmetry breaking mechanism to obtain expressions for the potential energy surface.
Lorentz violating electrodynamics
Creators: name: Gonzalez, Belinka
name: Martinez, Santiago A.
name: Montemayor, R.
name: Urrutia, Luis F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: After summarizing the most interesting results in the calculation of synchrotron radiation in the Myers-Pospelov effective model for Lorentz invariance violating (LIV) electrodynamics, we present a general unified way of describing the radiation regime of LIV electrodynamics which include the following three different models : Gambini-Pullin, Ellis et al. and Myers-Pospelov. Such unification reduces to the standard approach of radiation in a dispersive and absortive (in general) medium with a given index of refraction. The formulation is presented up to second order in the LIV parameter and it is explicitly applied to the synchrotron radiation case.
description: 11 pages, extended version of the talk given by L.F. Urrutia in the VI Mexican School: Approaches to Quantum Gravity, Playa del Carmen, Mexico, Nov. 2004. Minor chages in the text and added references
Dairy intake and body composition and cardiometabolic traits among adults: Mendelian randomization analysis of 182041 individuals from 18 studies
Creators: name: Bartz, T.M.
name: Wojczynski, M.K.
name: Danning, R.D.
name: Deloukas, P.
name: Ellervik, C.
name: Psaty, B.M.
name: Ridker, P.M.
name: Viikari, J.
name: Qi, L.
name: Rotter, J.I.
name: Province, M.A.
name: Pennell, C.E.
name: Eastwood, P.
name: Dedoussis, G.
name: Kilpeläinen, T.O.
name: Helminen, M.
name: Lehtimäki, T.
name: Corella, D.
name: Rich, S.S.
name: Sorlí, J.V.
name: Nordestgaard, B.G.
name: Chasman, D.I.
name: Knekt, P.
name: Raitakari, O.
name: Wang, C.A.
name: Hansen, T.
name: Gao, M.
name: Havulinna, A.S.
name: Ding, M.
name: Graff, M.
name: Varbo, A.
name: Siscovick, D.S.
name: Sun, D.
name: Tjønneland, A.
name: Overvad, K.
name: Mikkilä, V.
name: Mozaffarian, D.
name: Coltell, O.
name: Sares-Jäske, L.
name: Kähönen, M.
name: Fang, Z.
name: Frazier-Wood, A.C.
name: Marouli, E.
name: Smith, C.E.
name: Pedersen, O.
name: Huang, T.
name: Männistö, S.
name: North, K.E.
name: Sørensen, T.I.A.
name: Feitosa, M.F.
name: Kanerva, N.
name: Bergholdt, H.K.M.
name: Wang, Y.
name: Allison, M.A.
name: Lemaitre, R.N.
name: Heianza, Y.
Publisher: name: American Association for Clinical Chemistry Inc.
Year: 2019

description: BACKGROUND: Associations between dairy intake and body composition and cardiometabolic traits have been inconsistently observed in epidemiological studies, and the causal relationship remains ill-defined. METHODS: We performed Mendelian randomization analysis using an established genetic variant located upstream of the lactase gene (LCT-13910 C/T, rs4988235) associated with dairy intake as an instrumental variable (IV). The causal effects of dairy intake on body composition and cardiometabolic traits (lipids, glycemic traits, and inflammatory factors) were quantified by IV estimators among 182041 participants from 18 studies. RESULTS: Each 1 serving/day higher dairy intake was associated with higher lean mass [β (SE) = 0.117 kg (0.035); P = 0.001], higher hemoglobin A1c [0.009% (0.002); P < 0.001], lower LDL [-0.014 mmol/L (0.006); P = 0.013], total cholesterol (TC) [-0.012 mmol/L (0.005); P = 0.023], and non-HDL [-0.012 mmol/L (0.005); P = 0.028]. The LCT-13910 C/T CT + TT genotype was associated with 0.214 more dairy servings/day (SE = 0.047; P < 0.001), 0.284 cm higher waist circumference (SE = 0.118; P = 0.017), 0.112 kg higher lean mass (SE = 0.027; P = 3.8 × 10-5), 0.032 mmol/L lower LDL (SE = 0.009; P = 0.001), and 0.032 mmol/L lower TC (SE = 0.010; P = 0.001). Genetically higher dairy intake was associated with increased lean mass [0.523 kg per serving/day (0.170); P = 0.002] after correction for multiple testing (0.05/18). However, we find that genetically higher dairy intake was not associated with lipids and glycemic traits. CONCLUSIONS: The present study provides evidence to support a potential causal effect of higher dairy intake on increased lean mass among adults. Our findings suggest that the observational associations of dairy intake with lipids and glycemic traits may be the result of confounding.
title: The quality of information produced by ChatGPT about conditions managed by interventional radiologists.
Creators: name: Read, Ruairidh
Publisher: name: The Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Radiologists
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence
subject: Other
subject: Education
subject: Education and training

description: Purpose
Methods and materials
Results
Conclusion
Personal information
References
description: Purpose:
Nowadays, more than ever before, patients are researching their health conditions using search engines online, and becoming ever-more knowledgeable, or occasionally further confused by the information they digest. The information presented online...
Redesigning the Food Chain: Trade, Investment and Strategic Alliances in the Orange Juice Industry
Creators: name: Azevedo, Paulo Furquim De
name: Chaddad, Fabio Ribas
name: Azevedo, Paulo Furquim De
name: Chaddad, Fabio Ribas
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: FTAA
subject: foreign direct investment
subject: Orange Juice Industry
subject: strategic alliances

description: Change in trade barriers and capital flow creates opportunities for redesigning the food chain. The orange juice chain in U.S. and Brazil provides an interesting illustration of how institutional harmonization, high import tariff rates and complementary capabilities open new opportunities for strategic alliances and the re-arrangement in the FCOJ chain. This finding has the following implications. First, trade barriers are not enough to support FDI and related internationalization decisions. Second, the perspective of market integration creates a positive environment for new strategic alliances and the re-design of the food chain. And third, the existence of complementary capabilities between foreign and domestic companies is a necessary condition for this type of supply chain re-arrangement.
Analytic study of conformable Schrodinger equation with Hydrogen atom
Creators: name: Al-Masaeed, Mohamed.
name: Rabei, Eqab. M.
name: Al-Jamel, Ahmed
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, the conformable Schrodinger equation for hydrogen atom with given conformable potential is solved. The conformable wave functions and energy levels are obtained, and the traditional energy levels and wave function for hydrogen atom are recovered when $α= 1$. The probability density for the first three levels and different values of $α$ is plotted. It is observed that the probability density gradually convert from $α=0.5$ to $α= 1$ for all levels.
title: The logistics of auto-populating e-referrals in the Radiology report – a streamline to efficiency or a feat of double handling?
Creators: name: Winston, Joshua
Publisher: name: The Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Radiologists
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Computer applications
subject: Other
subject: Audit and standards
subject: Structured reporting
subject: Outcomes
subject: Quality assurance

description: Purpose
Methods and materials
Results
Conclusion
Personal information
References
description: Purpose:
Medical imaging demand continues to grow placing increasing strain on the radiologist time in both the inpatient and outpatient setting in Australia. There is therefore an increasing awareness of the importance of streamlining radiologist workflow...
Beam Profile Measurements and Simulations of the PETRA Laser-Wire
Creators: name: Carter, J.
name: Agapov, I.
name: Blair, G. A.
name: Boorman, G.
name: Driouichi, C.
name: Poirier, F.
name: Price, M. T.
name: Kamps, T.
name: Balewski, K.
name: Lewin, H.
name: Schreiber, S.
name: Wittenburg, K.
name: Delerue, N.
name: Howell, D. F.
name: Boogert, S. T.
name: Malton, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Laser-wire will be an essential diagnostic tool at the International Linear Collider. It uses a finely focussed laser beam to measure the transverse profile of electron bunches by detecting the Compton-scattered photons (or degraded electrons) downstream of where the laser beam intersects the electron beam. Such a system has been installed at the PETRA storage ring at DESY, which uses a piezo-driven mirror to scan the laser-light across the electron beam. Lat- est results of experimental data taking are presented and compared to detailed simulations using the Geant4 based program BDSIM.
description: 3 pagesm 4 figures. Submitted as a conference paper for the Particle Accelerator Conference 2005 (PAC05)
1st OpenAIRE CONNECT Community Call
Creators: name: Bardi, Alessia
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: OpenAIRE
OpenAIRE Connect
Open Science
Research Communities

description: OpenAIRE CONNECT Community Call, December 7th, 2021. On 7 December 2021 OpenAIRE launched the first Community Call for the Managers of the Community Gateways in CONNECT. It was an opportunity to discover the novelties that we are offering in Connect, share the feedback between the Communities, and discuss new features Managers would like to see in CONNECT.
Thermo-kinetic explosions: safety first or safety last?
Creators: name: Cartwright, Julyan H. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Popular Physics (physics.pop-ph)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Gas and vapour explosions have been involved in industrial accidents since the beginnings of industry. A century ago, at 11:55 am on Friday 24th September 1920, the petroleum barge Warwick exploded in London's docklands and seven men were killed. Understanding what happened when it blew up as it was being refurbished, and how to prevent similar explosions, involves fluid mechanics and thermodynamics plus chemistry. I recount the 1920 accident as an example, together with the history of thermo-kinetic explosions prior to 1920 and up to the present day, and I review the history and the actual state of the science of explosion and the roles of fluid mechanics, thermodynamics, and chemistry in that science. The science of explosions has been aware of its societal implications from the beginning, but, despite advances in health and safety over the past century, is there still work to do?
К ВОПРОСУ ОБ ОШИБОЧНОЙ ИДЕНТИФИКАЦИИ ДОЛЖНИКА В ИСПОЛНИТЕЛЬНОМ ПРОИЗВОДСТВЕ
Creators: name: Чернова П.А.
name: Шобей Л.Г.
Publisher: name: Образование и право
Year: 2021
Subjects: идентификация должника
гражданин-двойник
судебный приказ
служба судебных приставов-исполнителей
меры принудительного взыскания
персональные данные
возмещение вреда.

description: В настоящей статье поднимается проблема идентификации граждан-должников в исполнительном производстве. Обозначена судебная статистика, подчеркивающая актуальность проблемы. Проведен анализ действующего законодательства, сравнение редакций законов, обзор его изменений и выявлены основные идентификаторы граждан. В статье сделан акцент на судебную практику, свидетельствующую о необходимости совершенствования способов идентификации должников. Раскрыты возможные пути решения проблемы. Сформулированы выводы о необходимости включения в законодательство дополнительных идентификаторов граждан во избежание ошибочного наложения мер принудительного взыскания в отношении граждан-двойников.
title: Yield of Mammography Guided Vacuum Assisted Biopsy for Breast Calcifications
Creators: name: Paranjape, Neha
Publisher: name: The Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Radiologists
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Breast
subject: Mammography
subject: Biopsy
subject: Vacuum assisted biopsy
subject: Cancer

description: Purpose
Methods and materials
Results
Conclusion
Personal information
References
description: Purpose:
Breast cancer is the most common cancer among Australian women, with 331 new cases per 100,000 women aged 50–74 as of 2019 [1]. Core needle biopsy (CNB) and vacuum-assisted biopsy (VAB) are currently the initial investigation for pre-operative...
Development and Initial Application of an Integrated Linear Programming/Social Accounting Model: Rangeland Livestock Application
Creators: name: Harris, Thomas R.
name: Alevy, Jonathan E.
name: Kim, Man-Keun
name: Fadali, Betsy
name: Harris, Thomas R.
name: Alevy, Jonathan E.
name: Kim, Man-Keun
name: Fadali, Betsy
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: Livestock Production/Industries

description: Changes in allocation of federal grazing permits to ranchers can impact not only local ranchers but the entire county economy itself. Regional impacts of changing grazing rights and grazing fees are measured by linking cattle production through a linear programming framework with a county level social accounting matrix (SAM) model.
Kundt geometries and memory effects in the Brans-Dicke theory of gravity
Creators: name: Siddhant, Siddhant
name: Chakraborty, Indranil
name: Kar, Sayan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Memory effects are studied in the simplest scalar-tensor theory, the Brans--Dicke (BD) theory. To this end, we introduce, in BD theory, novel Kundt spacetimes (without and with gyratonic terms), which serve as backgrounds for the ensuing analysis on memory. The BD parameter $ω$ and the scalar field ($ϕ$) profile, expectedly, distinguishes between different solutions. Choosing specific localised forms for the free metric functions $H'(u)$ (related to the wave profile) and $J(u)$ (the gyraton) we obtain displacement memory effects using both geodesics and geodesic deviation. An interesting and easy-to-understand exactly solvable case arises when $ω=-2$ (with $J(u)$ absent) which we discuss in detail. For other $ω$ (in the presence of $J$ or without), numerically obtained geodesics lead to results on displacement memory which appear to match qualitatively with those found from a deviation analysis. Thus, the issue of how memory effects in BD theory may arise and also differ from their GR counterparts, is now partially addressed, at least theoretically, within the context of this new class of Kundt geometries.
description: Some minor typos corrected, matches with the published version in EPJC
Signatures of dark excitons in exciton-polariton optics of transition metal dichalcogenides
Creators: name: Ferreira, Beatriz
name: Rosati, Roberto
name: Fitzgerald, Jamie M.
name: Malic, Ermin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Integrating 2D materials into high-quality optical microcavities opens the door to fascinating many-particle phenomena including the formation of exciton-polaritons. These are hybrid quasi-particles inheriting properties of both the constituent photons and excitons. In this work, we investigate the so-far overlooked impact of dark excitons on the momentum-resolved absorption spectra of hBN-encapsulated WSe$_2$ and MoSe$_2$ monolayers in the strong-coupling regime. In particular, thanks to the efficient phonon-mediated scattering of polaritons into energetically lower dark exciton states, the absorption of the lower polariton branch in WSe$_2$ is much higher than in MoSe$_2$. It shows unique step-like increases in the momentum-resolved profile indicating opening of specific scattering channels. We study how different externally accessible quantities, such as temperature or mirror reflectance, change the optical response of polaritons. Our study contributes to an improved microscopic understanding of exciton-polaritons and their interaction with phonons, potentially suggesting experiments that could determine the energy of dark exciton states via momentum-resolved polariton absorption.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures
Nonlinear evolution of the m=1 internal kink mode in the presence of magnetohydrodynamic turbulence
Creators: name: Bierwage, Andreas
name: Benkadda, Sadruddin
name: Hamaguchi, Satoshi
name: Wakatani, Masahiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The nonlinear evolution of the m=1 internal kink mode is studied numerically in a setting where the tokamak core plasma is surrounded by a turbulent region with low magnetic shear. As a starting point we choose configurations with three nearby q=1 surfaces where triple tearing modes (TTMs) with high poloidal mode numbers m are unstable. While the amplitudes are still small, the fast growing high-m TTMs enhance the growth of the m=1 instability. This is interpreted as a fast sawtooth trigger mechanism. The TTMs lead to a partial collapse, leaving behind a turbulent belt with q ~= 1 around the unreconnected core plasma. Although, full reconnection can occur if the core displacement grows large enough, it is shown that the turbulence may actively prevent further reconnection. This is qualitatively similar to experimentally observed partial sawtooth crashes with post-cursor oscillations due to a saturated internal kink.
description: 14 pages, 13 figures
Spontaneous mass generation and chiral symmetry breaking in a lattice Nambu-Jona-Lasinio model
Creators: name: Goto, Yukimi
name: Koma, Tohru
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study a lattice Nambu-Jona-Lasinio model with interacting staggered fermions in the Kogut-Susskind Hamiltonian formalism. The model has a discrete chiral symmetry but not the usual continuous chiral symmetry. In a strong coupling regime for the four-fermion interaction, we prove that the mass of the fermions is spontaneously generated at sufficiently low non-zero temperatures in the dimensions $ν\ge 3$ of the model and zero temperature in $ν\ge 2$. Due to the phase transition, the discrete chiral symmetry of the model is broken. Our analysis is based on the reflection positivity for fermions and the method of the infrared bound.
description: 32 pages. final version: revised Introduction, added Rem. 2.3. To appear in Communications in Mathematical Physics
title: AI-based automatic detection of osteoporotic vertebral fractures on lateral chest radiographs
Creators: name: Sun, Zhonghua
Publisher: name: The Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Radiologists
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Computer applications
subject: Digital radiography
subject: Computer Applications-Detection, diagnosis
subject: Osteoporosis

description: Purpose
Methods and materials
Results
Conclusion
Personal information
References
description: Purpose:
Chest radiograph is a widely used imaging modality in clinical practice and can act as a convenient and opportunistic screening tool for osteoporotic vertebral fractures (OVFs). However, OVFs are often not reported by radiologists on routine chest...
Magnetic and structural transitions in La$_{1-x}A_{1-x}$CoO$_{3}$ ($A$ = Ca, Sr, and Ba)
Creators: name: Kriener, M.
name: Braden, M.
name: Kierspel, H.
name: Senff, D.
name: Zabara, O.
name: Zobel, C.
name: Lorenz, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report thermal-expansion, lattice-constant, and specific-heat data of the series La_1-xA_xCoO_3 for 0<= x <= 0.30 with A = Ca, Sr, and Ba. For the undoped compound LaCoO_3 the thermal-expansion coefficient alpha(T) exhibits a pronounced maximum around T=50K caused by a temperature-driven spin-state transition from a low-spin state of the Co^{3+$ ions at low towards a higher spin state at higher temperatures. The partial substitution of the La^{3+} ions by divalent Ca^{2+}, Sr^{2+}, or Ba^{2+} ions causes drastic changes in the macroscopic properties of LaCoO3. The large maximum in alpha(T) is suppressed and completely vanishes for x> 0.12. For A = Ca three different anomalies develop in alpha(T) with further increasing x, which are visible in specific-heat data as well. Together with temperature-dependent x-ray data we identify several phase transitions as a function of the doping concentration x and temperature. From these data we propose an extended phase diagram for La_1-xCa_xCoO_3.
description: 9 pages, 7 figures
КОМПЕНСАЦИЯ КАК СПЕЦИАЛЬНАЯ МЕРА ГРАЖДАНСКОПРАВОВОЙ ОТВЕТСТВЕННОСТИ ПРИ ОКАЗАНИИ УСЛУГ С ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕМ ЦИФРОВЫХ ТЕХНОЛОГИЙ
Creators: name: Гасанов А.Я.
Publisher: name: Образование и право
Year: 2021
Subjects: цифровизация
цифровая экономика
цифровая услуга
гражданско-правовая ответственность
интеллектуальная собственность.

description: В статье исследуются вопросы гражданско-правовой ответственности при оказании услуг с использованием цифровых технологий в Российской Федерации. По мнению автора статьи, под формой гражданско-правовой ответственности понимается форма тех дополнительных обременений, которые возлагаются на правонарушителя. Гражданское законодательство предусматривает различные формы ответственности. Например, возмещение убытков, компенсация морального вреда, уплата неустойки, проценты за пользование чужими денежными средствами, уплата задатка.
Modelling the UV to sub-mm SED of Starburst Galaxies
Creators: name: Dopita, Michael A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper reviews the theoretical modelling of starburst galaxies with particular emphasis on the importance of the gas-phase physics in determining the form of the continuum SED and the emission line spectrum. Both line and continuum diagnostics have been used as star formation indicators. Here, we examine from the point of view of the theory how reliable each of these indicators may be, and to what physics of the galaxy they are sensitive, with the aim of decreasing the errors associated with measuring the star formation history of the universe.
description: 20 pages, Invited Review. The Spectral Energy Distribution of Gas Rich Galaxies: Confronting Models with Data, Heidelberg, Germany, October 4-8, 2004
[Elicitation of sentences, basic phrases, and vocabulary, four stories]
Creators: name: Jerónimo Laureano, Miguel
name: Santiago Francisco, José
name: McFarland, Teresa
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: tlp

description: 8 WAV files. Corresponds to pp. 117-132 of related field notes. Four stories: "The Rain of Stars" (002), "The Nimble Fire" (003), "The Devil and the Bridge" (004), and a version of Little Red Riding Hood featuring a coyote (008). Transcription and translation for 002 are on pp. 121-123 (002), 130-132 (008, partial), 136-140 (003, partial), 140-141 (008, remainder), 147 (003, remainder), and 148-153 (004, partial).