cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Generic algorithm for multi-particle cumulants of azimuthal correlations in high energy nucleus collisions
Creators: name: Moravcova, Zuzana
name: Gulbrandsen, Kristjan
name: Zhou, You
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Multi-particle cumulants of azimuthal angle correlations have been compelling tools to probe the properties of the Quark-Gluon Plasma (QGP) created in the ultra-relativistic heavy-ion collisions and the search for the QGP in small collision systems at RHIC and the LHC. However, only very few of them are available and have been studied in theoretical calculations and experimental measurements. In this paper, we present a generic recursive algorithm for multi-particle cumulants, which enables the calculation of arbitrary order multi-particle cumulants. Among them, the new 10-, 12-, 14-, and 16-particle cumulants of a single harmonic, named $c_{n}\{10\}$, $c_{n}\{12\}$, $c_{n}\{14\}$, and $c_{n}\{16\}$, and the corresponding $v_n$ coefficients, will be discussed for the first time. These new multi-particle cumulants can be readily used along with updates to the generic framework of multi-particle correlations to a very high order. Finally, we propose a particular series of mixed harmonic multi-particle cumulants, which measures the general correlations between any moments of different flow coefficients. The predictions of these new observables are shown based on an initial state model MC-Glauber, a toy Monte Carlo model, and the HIJING transport model for future comparisons between experimental data and theoretical model calculations. The study of these new multi-particle cumulants in heavy-ion collisions will significantly improve the understanding of the joint probability density function which involves both different harmonics of flow and also the symmetry planes. This will pave the way for more stringent constraints on the initial state and help to extract more precisely how the created hot and dense matter evolves. Meanwhile, the efforts applied to small systems could be very helpful in the understanding of the origin of the observed collectivity at RHIC and the LHC.
description: 13 pages, 6 figures
About Quantum Revivals, Quantum Fidelity, A semiclassical Approach
Creators: name: Combescure, Monique
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we develop the topics of Quantum Recurrences and of Quantum Fidelity which have attracted great interest in recent years. The return probability is given by the square modulus of the overlap between a given initial wavepacket and the corresponding evolved one; quantum recurrences in time can be observed if this overlap is unity. We provide some conditions under which this is semiclassically achieved taking as initial wavepacket a coherent state located on a closed orbit of the corresponding classical motion. The "quantum fidelity" (or Loschmidt Echo) is the square modulus of the overlap of an evoloved quantum state with the same evoloved by a slightly perturbed Hamiltonian. Its decrease in time measures the sensitivity of Quantum Evolution with respect to small perturbations. It is believed to have significantly different behavior in time when the underlying classical motion is chaotic or regular. Starting with suitable initial quantum states, we develop a semiclassical estimate of this quantum fidelity in the Linear Response framework (appropriate for the small perturbation regime), assuming some ergodicity conditions on the corresponding classical motion.
Additional file 1 of Is it time to RE-AIM? A systematic review of economic empowerment as HIV prevention intervention for adolescent girls and young women in sub-Saharan Africa using the RE-AIM framework
Creators: name: Iwelunmor, Juliet
name: Ucheoma Nwaozuru
name: Chisom Obiezu-Umeh
name: Florida Uzoaru
name: Ehiri, John
name: Curley, Jami
name: Ezechi, Oliver
name: Collins Airhihenbuwa
name: Ssewamala, Fred
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1. PRISMA checklist.
The Signature Kernel is the solution of a Goursat PDE
Creators: name: Salvi, Cristopher
name: Cass, Thomas
name: Foster, James
name: Lyons, Terry
name: Yang, Weixin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 60L10, 60L20

description: Recently, there has been an increased interest in the development of kernel methods for learning with sequential data. The signature kernel is a learning tool with potential to handle irregularly sampled, multivariate time series. In "Kernels for sequentially ordered data" the authors introduced a kernel trick for the truncated version of this kernel avoiding the exponential complexity that would have been involved in a direct computation. Here we show that for continuously differentiable paths, the signature kernel solves a hyperbolic PDE and recognize the connection with a well known class of differential equations known in the literature as Goursat problems. This Goursat PDE only depends on the increments of the input sequences, does not require the explicit computation of signatures and can be solved efficiently using state-of-the-arthyperbolic PDE numerical solvers, giving a kernel trick for the untruncated signature kernel, with the same raw complexity as the method from "Kernels for sequentially ordered data", but with the advantage that the PDE numerical scheme is well suited for GPU parallelization, which effectively reduces the complexity by a full order of magnitude in the length of the input sequences. In addition, we extend the previous analysis to the space of geometric rough paths and establish, using classical results from rough path theory, that the rough version of the signature kernel solves a rough integral equation analogous to the aforementioned Goursat PDE. Finally, we empirically demonstrate the effectiveness of our PDE kernel as a machine learning tool in various machine learning applications dealing with sequential data. We release the library sigkernel publicly available at https://github.com/crispitagorico/sigkernel.
Additional file 1 of Cancer development and mortality differences in patients with glomerulonephritis after renal biopsy: a single center retrospective cohort study
Creators: name: Hyunjin Ryu
name: Kipyo Kim
name: Jiwon Ryu
name: Hyung-Eun Son
name: Ryu, Ji-Young
name: Sejoong Kim
name: Na, Ki Young
name: Chae, Dong Wan
name: Chin, Ho Jun
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1 Figure S1. Cancer incidence after renal biopsy during the follow-up period; Figure S2. Kaplan-Meier survival curves for cancer-free survival according to the usage of cyclosporine, tacrolimus, mycophenolate, and azathioprine. Table S1. Standardized incidence ratio of de novo cancers in the cohort from 2003 to 2017; Table S2. Associations of pathologic diagnosis with cancer development; Table S3. Standardized incidence ratios of different cancer types in patients with membranous nephropathy compared with the age- and sex-matched general population; Table S4. Risk factor to develop cancer in membranous nephropathy patients; Table S5. Effects of cancer incidence on outcomes in all patients and in patients with membranous nephropathy.
[[{WATCH@LIVE}]!!]Lebanon vs Ireland live
Creators: name: aw647, patricial
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Education
subject: Engineering

description: That the AFC North is one of the most competitive divisions in the Rugby isn't a surprise. still, no platoon having a winning record six weeks into the season would qualify. 🔴✅WATCH📱💻►LIVE Lebanon vs Ireland https://sportlivenow2022.blogspot.com/2022/10/lebanon-vs-ireland-live-rugby.html But despite the slow thresholds for the four brigades, both the Lebanon vs Ireland will have a chance to end the week in first place if they pull out a palm when they meet on Sunday autumn at M&T Bank Stadium. Lebanon vs Ireland live Despite the Ravens'.500 record, they could well be 6- 0 if not for a many tough breaks. All three of their losses have come down to the last nanosecond and featured brutal successions. The rearmost was a 24- 20 loss to the titans that they led the entire game until their last two drives ended with Lamar Jackson coughing up the ball. The Browns' season has been a comber coaster as well, although early- season sanguinity has faded after a three- game losing band. Last week's 38- 16 loss to the Loyalists was their biggest defeat since. their former loss to the Loyalists last November. But the loss also cut their playoff odds further than half, according to Football outlanders, from23.9 percent to10.8 percent. The Ravens have dominated this contest 34- 12 since the Browns reestablished in 1999. still, the Browns won the most recent tourney, 24- 22, to snap a four- game descent in this series. Can Cleveland end another losing band with a road palm on Sundaylsohels
Lensing effects in a nematic liquid crystal with topological defects
Creators: name: Satiro, Caio
name: Moraes, Fernando
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Light traveling through a liquid crystal with disclinations perceives a geometrical background which causes lensing effects similar to the ones predicted for cosmic objects like global monopoles and cosmic strings. In this article we explore the effective geometry as perceived by light in such media. The comparison between both systems suggests that experiments can be done in the laboratory to simulate optical properties, like gravitational lensing, of cosmic objects.
description: 6 pages, 10 figures
Additional file 2 of Is it time to RE-AIM? A systematic review of economic empowerment as HIV prevention intervention for adolescent girls and young women in sub-Saharan Africa using the RE-AIM framework
Creators: name: Iwelunmor, Juliet
name: Ucheoma Nwaozuru
name: Chisom Obiezu-Umeh
name: Florida Uzoaru
name: Ehiri, John
name: Curley, Jami
name: Ezechi, Oliver
name: Collins Airhihenbuwa
name: Ssewamala, Fred
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 2. Search strategy.
Partial cloaking of a gold particle by a single molecule
Creators: name: Zirkelbach, Johannes
name: Gmeiner, Benjamin
name: Renger, Jan
name: Türschmann, Pierre
name: Utikal, Tobias
name: Götzinger, Stephan
name: Sandoghdar, Vahid
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Extinction of light by material particles stems from losses incurred by absorption or scattering. The extinction cross section is usually treated as an additive quantity, leading to the exponential laws that govern the macroscopic attenuation of light. In this work, we demonstrate that the extinction cross section of a large gold nanoparticle can be substantially reduced, i.e., the particle becomes more transparent, if a single molecule is placed in its near field. This partial cloaking effect results from a coherent plasmonic interaction between the molecule and the nanoparticle, whereby each of them acts as a nano-antenna to modify the radiative properties of the other.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
Dilger, Hansjörg: Learning Morality, Inequalities, and Faith: Christian and Muslim Schools in Tanzania
Creators: name: Fay, Franziska
Publisher: name: Zeitschrift für Etnologie/Journal of Social and Cultural Anthropology
Year: 2023

description: Zeitschrift für Etnologie/Journal of Social and Cultural Anthropology, Vol. 148 No. 1 (2023): Zeitschrift für Ethnologie/Journal of Social and Cultural Anthropology
Kernel Selection in Nonparametric Regression
Creators: name: Halconruy, Hélène
name: Marie, Nicolas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 62G05, 62G08

description: In the regression model $Y = b(X) +σ(X)\varepsilon$, where $X$ has a density $f$, this paper deals with an oracle inequality for an estimator of $bf$, involving a kernel in the sense of Lerasle et al. (2016), selected via the PCO method. In addition to the bandwidth selection for kernel-based estimators already studied in Lacour, Massart and Rivoirard (2017) and Comte and Marie (2020), the dimension selection for anisotropic projection estimators of $f$ and $bf$ is covered.
description: 23 pages
On homeomorphic product measures on the Cantor set
Creators: name: Dougherty, Randall
name: Mauldin, R. Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 28C15 (Primary) 28A35, 60B05 (Secondary)

description: Let mu(r) be the Bernoulli measure on the Cantor space given as the infinite product of two-point measures with weights r and 1-r. It is a long-standing open problem to characterize those r and s such that mu(r) and mu(s) are topologically equivalent (i.e., there is a homeomorphism from the Cantor space to itself sending mu(r) to mu(s)). The (possibly) weaker property of mu(r) and mu(s) being continuously reducible to each other is equivalent to a property of r and s called binomial equivalence. In this paper we define an algebraic property called "refinability" and show that, if r and s are refinable and binomially equivalent, then mu(r) and mu(s) are topologically equivalent. We then give a class of examples of refinable numbers; in particular, the positive numbers r and s such that s=r^2 and r=1-s^2 are refinable, so the corresponding measures are topologically equivalent.
description: 12 pages; minor presentation changes
Axisymmetric dynamo action is possible with anisotropic conductivity
Creators: name: Plunian, Franck
name: Alboussière, Thierry
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A milestone of dynamo theory is Cowling's theorem, known in its modern form as the impossibility for an axisymmetric velocity field to generate an axisymmetric magnetic field by dynamo action. Using an anisotropic electrical conductivity we show that an axisymmetric dynamo is in fact possible with a motion as simple as solid body rotation. On top of that the instability analysis can be conducted entirely analytically, leading to an explicit expression of the dynamo threshold which is the only example in dynamo theory.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures
Radial velocities in the globular cluster omega Centauri
Creators: name: Reijns, R. A.
name: Seitzer, P.
name: Arnold, R.
name: Freeman, K. C.
name: Ingerson, T.
name: Bosch, R. C. E. van den
name: van de Ven, G.
name: de Zeeuw, P. T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have used the ARGUS multi-object spectrometer at the CTIO 4m Blanco telescope to obtain 2756 radial velocity measurements for 1966 individual stars in the globular cluster omega Centauri brighter than blue photographic magnitude of about 16.5. Of these, 1589 stars are cluster members. A comparison with two independent radial velocity studies, carried out by Suntzeff & Kraft and by Mayor et al., demonstrates that the median error of our measurements is below 2 km/s for the stars brighter than B-magnitude 15, which constitute the bulk of the sample. The observed velocity dispersion decreases from about 15 km/s in the inner few arcmin to about 6 km/s at a radius of 25 arcmin. The cluster shows significant rotation, with a maximum amplitude of about 6 km/s in the radial zone between 6 and 10 arcmin. In a companion paper by van de Ven et al., we correct these radial velocities for the perspective rotation caused by the space motion of the cluster, and combine them with the internal proper motions of nearly 8000 cluster members measured by van Leeuwen et al., to construct a detailed dynamical model of omega Centauri and to measure its distance.
description: 10 pages (7 figures), accepted for publication in A&A
Simulation of Special Bubble Detectors for PICASSO
Creators: name: The PICASSO Collaboration
name: Azuelos, G.
name: Barnabe-Heider, M.
name: Behnke, E.
name: Clark, K.
name: Di Marco, M.
name: Doane, P.
name: Feighery, W.
name: Genest, M-H.
name: Gornea, R.
name: Guenette, R.
name: Kanagalingam, S.
name: Krauss, C.
name: Leroy, C.
name: Lessard, L.
name: Levine, I.
name: Martin, J. P.
name: Noble, A. J.
name: Noulty, R.
name: Shore, S. N.
name: Wichoski, U.
name: Zacek, V .
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The PICASSO project is a cold dark matter (CDM) search experiment relying on the superheated droplet technique. The detectors use superheated freon liquid droplets (active material) dispersed and trapped in a polymerized gel. This detection technique is based on the phase transition of superheated droplets at about room temperature and ambient pressure. The phase transition is induced by nuclear recoils when an atomic nucleus in the droplets interacts with incoming subatomic particles. This includes CDM particles candidate as the neutralino (a yet-to-discover particle predicted in extensions of the Standard Model of particle physics). Simulations performed to understand the detector response to neutrons and alpha particles are presented along with corresponding data obtained at the Montreal Laboratory.
description: 13 pages, 4 figures. To appear in the Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Solid State Dosimetry, June 27 - July 2 2004, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
Socioeconomic Determinants of the Intra-family Status of Wives in Rural India: Analysis and Empirical Evidence
Creators: name: Tisdell, Clement A.
name: Roy, Kartik C.
name: Regmi, Gopal
name: Tisdell, Clement A.
name: Roy, Kartik C.
name: Regmi, Gopal
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: Institutional and Behavioral Economics
subject: bargaining theories of family
subject: economic theories of family
subject: Gender Development Index (GDI)
subject: India
subject: patriarchy
subject: status of wives

description: Relying on a structured survey of 117 wives in four rural villages in the Midnapore District of West Bengal, this article investigates the influence on the intra-family status of wives of variables which may increase the bargaining power of wives in their family. Several indicators of status are considered and investigated using the ANOVA technique and probit analysis. The main hypothesis considered is whether the results support bargaining theories of the intrahousehold status of wives or the view that gender status is primarily determined in Indian society by social customs and the patriarchal structure of society. Given the overall patriarchal structure of Indian society, the results indicate that bargaining theories are at best only marginally relevant. Situations which result in greater bargaining power for wives in Western Societies do not necessarily do so in north India given the total pervasiveness of its patriarchal society.
Danesi, Marcel: Comedic Nightmare: The Trump Effect on American Comedy. Brill Research Perspectives in Popular Culture
Creators: name: Kilian, Cassis
Publisher: name: Zeitschrift für Etnologie/Journal of Social and Cultural Anthropology
Year: 2023

description: Zeitschrift für Etnologie/Journal of Social and Cultural Anthropology, Vol. 148 No. 1 (2023): Zeitschrift für Ethnologie/Journal of Social and Cultural Anthropology
Issues and challenges facing immigrant children as portrayed in children’s literature
Creators: name: McGuire, Claire Irene
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Canada is a country built on immigration and it continues to grow with the arrival of new immigrants from many lands. Children, who arrive as immigrants, experience many challenges that the citizens of the host country are unaware of or fail to recognize. In the analysis of informational accounts, the challenges faced by immigrant children fall into six major categories: language barriers and communication difficulties, maintaining ethnic culture, culture shock, intergenerational conflict, uprooting and separation issues, and prejudice and racism. These challenges having been determined, fictional accounts of the newcomers' experiences were analyzed to determine the authenticity of the portrayal of these challenges. It was found that characters experienced the isolation resulting from being unable to communicate in the host country's language. Loneliness due to uprooting was experienced by all the protagonists and the importance of memories and maintaining cultural traditions concerned most newcomers. Immigrant children in these narratives suffered from bullying and prejudice as well as conflicts within the family because of clashes between heritage culture and the culture of the host country. Canadian books do present these fictional accounts with empathy and realism; although the quantity of titles is small, the quality is certainly high!
Robust Image Classification Using A Low-Pass Activation Function and DCT Augmentation
Creators: name: Hossain, Md Tahmid
name: Teng, Shyh Wei
name: Sohel, Ferdous
name: Lu, Guojun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Convolutional Neural Network's (CNN's) performance disparity on clean and corrupted datasets has recently come under scrutiny. In this work, we analyse common corruptions in the frequency domain, i.e., High Frequency corruptions (HFc, e.g., noise) and Low Frequency corruptions (LFc, e.g., blur). Although a simple solution to HFc is low-pass filtering, ReLU -- a widely used Activation Function (AF), does not have any filtering mechanism. In this work, we instill low-pass filtering into the AF (LP-ReLU) to improve robustness against HFc. To deal with LFc, we complement LP-ReLU with Discrete Cosine Transform based augmentation. LP-ReLU, coupled with DCT augmentation, enables a deep network to tackle the entire spectrum of corruption. We use CIFAR-10-C and Tiny ImageNet-C for evaluation and demonstrate improvements of 5% and 7.3% in accuracy respectively, compared to the State-Of-The-Art (SOTA). We further evaluate our method's stability on a variety of perturbations in CIFAR-10-P and Tiny ImageNet-P, achieving new SOTA in these experiments as well. To further strengthen our understanding regarding CNN's lack of robustness, a decision space visualisation process is proposed and presented in this work.
Sarre, Joh: Zugehörigkeit und Heimat in Kenia. Some call it slum, we call it home! Das Ringen um Anerkennung der Nubi in Kibera/Nairobi
Creators: name: Binder, Beate
Publisher: name: Zeitschrift für Etnologie/Journal of Social and Cultural Anthropology
Year: 2023

description: Zeitschrift für Etnologie/Journal of Social and Cultural Anthropology, Vol. 148 No. 1 (2023): Zeitschrift für Ethnologie/Journal of Social and Cultural Anthropology
Additional file 9 of GP awareness, practice, knowledge and confidence: evaluation of the first nation-wide dementia-focused continuing medical education program in Australia
Creators: name: Anne-Nicole Casey
name: M. Mofizul Islam
name: Schütze, Heike
name: Parkinson, Anne
name: Laurann Yen
name: Shell, Allan
name: Winbolt, Margaret
name: Brodaty, Henry
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 9. Table S8. Continuing Medical Education workshop facilitators’ responses to process evaluation survey questions.
Minimizing estimation runtime on noisy quantum computers
Creators: name: Wang, Guoming
name: Koh, Dax Enshan
name: Johnson, Peter D.
name: Cao, Yudong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The number of measurements demanded by hybrid quantum-classical algorithms such as the variational quantum eigensolver (VQE) is prohibitively high for many problems of practical value. For such problems, realizing quantum advantage will require methods which dramatically reduce this cost. Previous quantum algorithms that reduce the measurement cost (e.g. quantum amplitude and phase estimation) require error rates that are too low for near-term implementation. Here we propose methods that take advantage of the available quantum coherence to maximally enhance the power of sampling on noisy quantum devices, reducing measurement number and runtime compared to the standard sampling method of the variational quantum eigensolver (VQE). Our scheme derives inspiration from quantum metrology, phase estimation, and the more recent "alpha-VQE" proposal, arriving at a general formulation that is robust to error and does not require ancilla qubits. The central object of this method is what we call the "engineered likelihood function" (ELF), used for carrying out Bayesian inference. We show how the ELF formalism enhances the rate of information gain in sampling as the physical hardware transitions from the regime of noisy intermediate-scale quantum computers into that of quantum error corrected ones. This technique speeds up a central component of many quantum algorithms, with applications including chemistry, materials, finance, and beyond. Similar to VQE, we expect small-scale implementations to be realizable on today's quantum devices.
description: 49 pages, 32 figures
Hydrogen Embrittlement of Aluminum: the Crucial Role of Vacancies
Creators: name: Lu, Gang
name: Kaxiras, Efthimios
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report first-principles calculations which demonstrate that vacancies can combine with hydrogen impurities in bulk aluminum and play a crucial role in the embrittlement of this prototypical ductile solid. Our studies of hydrogen-induced vacancy superabundant formation and vacancy clusterization in aluminum lead to the conclusion that a large number of H atoms (up to twelve) can be trapped at a single vacancy, which over-compensates the energy cost to form the defect. In the presence of trapped H atoms, three nearest-neighbor single vacancies which normally would repel each other, aggregate to form a trivacancy on the slip plane of Al, acting as embryos for microvoids and cracks and resulting in ductile rupture along the these planes.
description: To appear in Phys. Rev. Lett
Reconciling Globalisation and Technological Change: Growing Income Inequalities and Remedial Policies
Creators: name: Svizzero, Serge
name: Tisdell, Clement A.
name: Svizzero, Serge
name: Tisdell, Clement A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Public Economics
subject: education
subject: fiscal competition
subject: globalisation
subject: income distribution
subject: labour market
subject: protectionism
subject: technological change

description: Since the mid-1970s wage inequality and skills differentials have increased sharply in OECD countries, and the following have been singled out by economists as possible major contributors: (a)economic globalisation processes; (b)skill-biased technological change; and (c) public policy or institutional change. Although these factors are most commonly considered as independent influences, we argue after critically outlining views about the two first mentioned factors, that strong interdependence exists between these influences. The article then examines potential policy responses to this growing inequality. Protectionism, increased provision of education and skill-enhancement, greater compensation via social services for the disadvantaged and negative income-tax systems are examined as possibilities. These policies are all found to have limited ability to address the problem. Ability to implement several of these policies may be severely restricted by international fiscal competitiveness. Furthermore, greater provision of educational services may add to the skill-based type of income inequality currently of concern.
title: Microwave Liquid Crystal Technology
Creators: name: Maune, Holger
Publisher: name: MDPI
Year: 2024

description: Information and communication technologies (ICT) are the foundation of growth and development in the modern global economy. They are striving to bring robust connectivity to all corners of the globe, driving both innovation and ways in which technologies can be used to improve economic and social development towards a smart society. New means of connectivity plus enhanced architectures promise improved coverage, greater capacity, higher data rates, more efficient use of spectrum resources, lower latency, higher system reliability, and more flexibility for effective provision of information and communication services. These activities can be summarized under the development of the 5th generation of mobile communication systems (5G). Innovative wireless technologies will be a key component in this development, which allow new applications summarized under the term of Internet of Everything including the Internet of Things (IoT), Machine-to-Machine (M2M) communications, smart cities, smart manufacturing, intelligent transportation systems, and inter-connected cars. Key differentiators of 5G to provide future wireless connectivity are: (1) 10-fold decrease in latency down to 1 ms, (2) 10-fold data throughput with multi-Gbps peak rates, and (3) 100-fold traffic capacity, e.g. by network densification with local femto cells. Efficiency is one major aspect within the development of 5G systems with massively deployed new communication nodes. To advance beyond conventional terrestrial 4G communication systems such as Long Term Evolution (LTE) and LTE-Advanced, groundbreaking disruptive systems and hardware concepts are required to comply with all promises by 5G.
Kalfelis, Melina C.: NGO als Lebenswelt. Transnationale Verflechtungen im Arbeitsalltag von Entwicklungsakteuren
Creators: name: Langewiesche, Katrin
Publisher: name: Zeitschrift für Etnologie/Journal of Social and Cultural Anthropology
Year: 2023

description: Zeitschrift für Etnologie/Journal of Social and Cultural Anthropology, Vol. 148 No. 1 (2023): Zeitschrift für Ethnologie/Journal of Social and Cultural Anthropology
Realizing the sustainable city park : redesign of John Hendry Park
Creators: name: Chen, Hongbing
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: City parks play an important role in the urban life. As well as providing a range of public recreational activities, they can increase landscape function and enhance the wildlife habitats. By using sustainable technologies to revitalize parks and their adjacent neighborhoods, we can provide sustainable places, where people want to be, that can be maintained with minimal cost. This project studies, applies and demonstrates different methods and technologies to achieve a sustainable city park. The proposed park will meet the public's needs for a range of activities and community functions, while providing ecological functions such as wildlife habitat and storm water management. Through a context and site analysis of John Hendry Park, this study develops a set of factors illustrating the opportunities and constraints of this park. In order to enrich the old program, increase the attraction, overcome the limitations, and enhance the sustainability of this park, a new proposal has been developed. Through the factor comparison between the existing and the proposed park, this study will emphasize the significance of sustainable city parks and sustainable technologies that can be applied in other city parks.
NOSTOS: a spherical TPC to detect low energy neutrinos
Creators: name: Aune, S.
name: Colas, P.
name: Dolbeau, J.
name: Fanourakis, G.
name: Ferrer-Ribas, E.
name: Geralis, T.
name: Giomataris, Y.
name: Gorodetzky, P.
name: Gounaris, G. J.
name: Irastorza, I. G.
name: Kousouris, K.
name: Lepeltier, V.
name: Patzak, T.
name: Paschos, E. A.
name: Salin, P.
name: Savvidis, I.
name: Vergados, J. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A novel low-energy ($\sim$few keV) neutrino-oscillation experiment NOSTOS, combining a strong tritium source and a high pressure spherical Time Projection Chamber (TPC) detector 10 m in radius has been recently proposed. The oscillation of neutrinos of such energies occurs within the size of the detector itself, potentially allowing for a very precise (and rather systematics-free) measure of the oscillation parameters, in particular, of the smaller mixing angle $θ_{13}$, which value could be determined for the first time. This detector could also be sensitive to the neutrino magnetic moment and be capable of accurately measure the Weinberg angle at low energy. The same apparatus, filled with high pressure Xenon, exhibits a high sensitivity as a Super Nova neutrino detector with extra galactic sensitivity. The outstanding benefits of the new concept of the spherical TPC will be presented, as well as the issues to be demonstrated in the near future by an ongoing R&D. The very first results of small prototype in operation in Saclay are shown.
description: talk given at Workshop on Low Radioactivity Techniques, LRT2004, Sudbury, Canada, December 2004. 9 pages, 5 figures
Additional file 8 of GP awareness, practice, knowledge and confidence: evaluation of the first nation-wide dementia-focused continuing medical education program in Australia
Creators: name: Anne-Nicole Casey
name: M. Mofizul Islam
name: Schütze, Heike
name: Parkinson, Anne
name: Laurann Yen
name: Shell, Allan
name: Winbolt, Margaret
name: Brodaty, Henry
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 8. Table S7. Exemplars of General Practitioner suggestions for improving future dementia-focused Continuing Medical Education programs.
EMPRESS. II. Highly Fe-Enriched Metal-poor Galaxies with $\sim 1.0$ (Fe/O)$_\odot$ and $0.02$ (O/H)$_\odot$ : Possible Traces of Super Massive ($>300 M_{\odot}$) Stars in Early Galaxies
Creators: name: Kojima, Takashi
name: Ouchi, Masami
name: Rauch, Michael
name: Ono, Yoshiaki
name: Nakajima, Kimihiko
name: Isobe, Yuki
name: Fujimoto, Seiji
name: Harikane, Yuichi
name: Hashimoto, Takuya
name: Hayashi, Masao
name: Komiyama, Yutaka
name: Kusakabe, Haruka
name: Kim, Ji Hoon
name: Lee, Chien-Hsiu
name: Mukae, Shiro
name: Nagao, Tohru
name: Onodera, Masato
name: Shibuya, Takatoshi
name: Sugahara, Yuma
name: Umemura, Masayuki
name: Yabe, Kiyoto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present element abundance ratios and ionizing radiation of local young low-mass (~$10^{6}$ M_sun) extremely metal poor galaxies (EMPGs) with a 2% solar oxygen abundance (O/H)_sun and a high specific star-formation rate (sSFR~300 Gyr$^{-1}$), and other (extremely) metal poor galaxies, which are compiled from Extremely Metal-Poor Representatives Explored by the Subaru Survey (EMPRESS) and the literature. Weak emission lines such as [FeIII]4658 and HeII4686 are detected in very deep optical spectra of the EMPGs taken with 8m-class telescopes including Keck and Subaru (Kojima et al. 2019, Izotov et al. 2018), enabling us to derive element abundance ratios with photoionization models. We find that neon- and argon-to-oxygen ratios are comparable to those of known local dwarf galaxies, and that the nitrogen-to-oxygen abundance ratios (N/O) are lower than 20% (N/O)_sun consistent with the low oxygen abundance. However, the iron-to-oxygen abundance ratios (Fe/O) of the EMPGs are generally high; the EMPGs with the 2%-solar oxygen abundance show high Fe/O ratios of ~90-140% (Fe/O)_sun, which are unlikely explained by suggested scenarios of Type Ia supernova iron productions, iron's dust depletion, and metal-poor gas inflow onto previously metal-riched galaxies with solar abundances. Moreover, these EMPGs have very high HeII4686/H$β$ ratios of ~1/40, which are not reproduced by existing models of high-mass X-ray binaries whose progenitor stellar masses are less than 120 M_sun. Comparing stellar-nucleosynthesis and photoionization models with a comprehensive sample of EMPGs identified by this and previous EMPG studies, we propose that both the high Fe/O ratios and the high HeII4686/H$β$ ratios are explained by the past existence of super massive ($>$300 M_sun) stars, which may evolve into intermediate-mass black holes ($\gtrsim$100 M_sun).
description: ApJ in press. 23 pages, 7 Figures, 6 Tables
The Environment and Directed Technical Change
Creators: name: Acemoglu, Daron
name: Aghion, Philippe
name: Bursztyn, Leonardo
name: Hemous, David
name: Acemoglu, Daron
name: Aghion, Philippe
name: Bursztyn, Leonardo
name: Hemous, David
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Environment
subject: Exhaustible Resources
subject: Directed Technological Change
subject: Innovation

description: This paper introduces endogenous and directed technical change in a growth model with environmental constraints. A unique final good is produced by combining inputs from two sectors. One of these sectors uses "dirty" machines and thus creates environmental degradation. Research can be directed to improving the technology of machines in either sector. We characterize dynamic tax policies that achieve sustainable growth or maximize intertemporal welfare. We show that: (i) in the case where the inputs are sufficiently substitutable, sustainable long-run growth can be achieved with temporary taxation of dirty innovation and production; (ii) optimal policy involves both “carbon taxes” and research subsidies, so that excessive use of carbon taxes is avoided; (iii) delay in intervention is costly: the sooner and the stronger is the policy response, the shorter is the slow growth transition phase; (iv) the use of an exhaustible resource in dirty input production helps the switch to clean innovation under laissez-faire when the two inputs are substitutes. Under reasonable parameter values and with sufficient substitutability between inputs, it is optimal to redirect technical change towards clean technologies immediately and optimal environmental regulation need not reduce long-run growth.
Additional file 6 of GP awareness, practice, knowledge and confidence: evaluation of the first nation-wide dementia-focused continuing medical education program in Australia
Creators: name: Anne-Nicole Casey
name: M. Mofizul Islam
name: Schütze, Heike
name: Parkinson, Anne
name: Laurann Yen
name: Shell, Allan
name: Winbolt, Margaret
name: Brodaty, Henry
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 6. Table S5. Linear regression of General Practitioner characteristics on pre-CME program knowledge and confidence.
Kasparek, Bernd: Europa als Grenze. Eine Ethnographie der Grenzschutz-Agentur Frontex
Creators: name: Heyer, Karl
Publisher: name: Zeitschrift für Etnologie/Journal of Social and Cultural Anthropology
Year: 2023

description: Zeitschrift für Etnologie/Journal of Social and Cultural Anthropology, Vol. 148 No. 1 (2023): Zeitschrift für Ethnologie/Journal of Social and Cultural Anthropology
The dynamical distance and intrinsic structure of the globular cluster omega Centauri
Creators: name: van de Ven, G.
name: Bosch, R. C. E. van den
name: Verolme, E. K.
name: de Zeeuw, P. T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We determine the dynamical distance D, inclination i, mass-to-light ratio M/L and the intrinsic orbital structure of the globular cluster omega Cen, by fitting axisymmetric dynamical models to the ground-based proper motions of van Leeuwen et al. and line-of-sight velocities from four independent data-sets. We correct the observed velocities for perspective rotation caused by the space motion of the cluster, and show that the residual solid-body rotation component in the proper motions can be taken out without any modelling other than assuming axisymmetry. This also provides a tight constraint on D tan i. Application of our axisymmetric implementation of Schwarzschild's orbit superposition method to omega Cen reveals no dynamical evidence for a significant radial dependence of M/L. The best-fit dynamical model has a stellar V-band mass-to-light ratio M/L_V = 2.5 +/- 0.1 M_sun/L_sun and an inclination i = 50 +/- 4 degrees, which corresponds to an average intrinsic axial ratio of 0.78 +/- 0.03. The best-fit dynamical distance D = 4.8 +/- 0.3 kpc (distance modulus 13.75 +/- 0.13 mag) is significantly larger than obtained by means of simple spherical or constant-anisotropy axisymmetric dynamical models, and is consistent with the canonical value 5.0 +/- 0.2 kpc obtained by photometric methods. The total mass of the cluster is (2.5 +/- 0.3) x 10^6 M_sun. The best-fit model is close to isotropic inside a radius of about 10 arcmin and becomes increasingly tangentially anisotropic in the outer region, which displays significant mean rotation. This phase-space structure may well be caused by the effects of the tidal field of the Milky Way. The cluster contains a separate disk-like component in the radial range between 1 and 3 arcmin, contributing about 4% to the total mass.
description: 37 pages (23 figures), accepted for publication in A&A, abstract abridged, for PS and PDF file with full resolution figures, see http://www.strw.leidenuniv.nl/~vdven/oc/
Additional file 7 of GP awareness, practice, knowledge and confidence: evaluation of the first nation-wide dementia-focused continuing medical education program in Australia
Creators: name: Anne-Nicole Casey
name: M. Mofizul Islam
name: Schütze, Heike
name: Parkinson, Anne
name: Laurann Yen
name: Shell, Allan
name: Winbolt, Margaret
name: Brodaty, Henry
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 7. Table S6. Linear regression of General Practitioner characteristics on post-CME program knowledge and confidence.
Livestock Production Systems Impact on the Nicaragua Sustainable Local Development, 1998-2005: Malmquist DEA Index with an oriented Output
Creators: name: Zúniga-González, Carlos Alberto
name: Zúniga-González, Carlos Alberto
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Productivity Analysis
subject: LSMS Survey
subject: MECOVI
subject: Malmquist DEA Index
subject: Sustainable Local Development.

description: The paper aims to study the livestock production systems like they bring to the Sustainable Local Development (SLD), in 1998-2005 periods. Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) technique is used in this study, where the Malmquist index calculate the total factor productivity change (TFPCH), so this index is integrated in the sustainable local development model (SLDM) by an econometric design for measuring the SLD brought. The results of this research verify that yard production and forestry sub system explain an increasing trend in the TFPCH. SLDM validation confirms that they bring to less of 50 %, it highlight the forestry and production yard with social and productive variables bringing to SLD.
description: This paper is a postdoctoral research, that was organized by the Autonomous National University of Nicaragua, Leon and supported by ASDI.
Angular distributions in $J/ψ(ρ,ω)$ states near threshold
Creators: name: Rosner, Jonathan L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A resonance X(3872), first observed in the decays $B \to K X$, has been seen to decay to $J/ψπ^+ π^-$. The $π^+ π^-$ mass spectrum peaks near its kinematic upper limit, prompting speculation that the dipion system may be in a $ρ^0$. The decay $X(3872) \to J/ψω$ also has been observed. The reaction $γγ\to J/ψπ^+ π^-$ has been studied. Consequently, angular distributions in decays of $J/ψ(ρ^0,ω)$ states near threshold are of interest, and results are presented.
description: 10 pages, no figures. To be submitted to Phys. Rev. D
Dilger, Hansjörg; Warstat, Matthias (Hrsg.): Umkämpfte Vielfalt: Affektive Dynamiken institutioneller Diversifizierung
Creators: name: Schuster, Rebekka
Publisher: name: Zeitschrift für Etnologie/Journal of Social and Cultural Anthropology
Year: 2023

description: Zeitschrift für Etnologie/Journal of Social and Cultural Anthropology, Vol. 148 No. 1 (2023): Zeitschrift für Ethnologie/Journal of Social and Cultural Anthropology
Modern British Scientific and Technological Societies and Agricultural Development
Creators: name: ZHAO Wenyuan
name: ZHAO Wenyuan
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Britain, scientific and technological societies, Science and culture

description: In modern Britain, the scientific and technological societies represented by the Royal Society and the Manchester Literary and Philosophical Society were extremely prosperous. Their series of activities provided scientific and technological support for the development of British industry and agriculture. Based on the detailed case studies of the Royal Society and Manchester Literary and Philosophical Society and other societies from domestic and foreign academic circles, this paper summarized the development status of modern British scientific and technological societies as a whole, sorted out the history of societies participating in British agriculture, and analyzed the contribution of scientific and technological societies to the development of modern British agriculture.
Objectively measured sleep duration and sleep quality and symptoms of psychopathology from the SIGMA cohort.
Creators: name: Hagemann, Noëmi
name: Kirtley, Olivia
name: Lafit, Ginette
name: vancampfort, davy
name: Achterhof, Robin
name: Hermans, Karlijn
name: Hiekkaranta, Anu
name: Lecei, Aleksandra
name: Myin-Germeys, Inez
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences

description: In this project we aim to unravel the potential association between objectively gathered sleep data, sedentary behaviour and symptoms of psychopathology in adolescents. This data is part of a greater project, the Flemish cohort study SIGMA.