cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
DC resistivity near a nematic quantum critical point: Effects of weak disorder and acoustic phonons
Creators: name: Vieira, Lucas E.
name: de Carvalho, Vanuildo S.
name: Freire, Hermann
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate the resistivity associated with an Ising-nematic quantum critical point in the presence of disorder and acoustic phonons in the lattice model. We use the memory-matrix transport theory, which has a crucial advantage compared to other methods of not relying on the existence of well-defined quasiparticles in the low-energy effective theory. As a result, we obtain that by including an inevitable interaction between the nematic fluctuations and the elastic degrees of freedom of the lattice (parametrized by the nemato-elastic coupling $κ_{\text{latt}}$), the resistivity $ρ(T)$ of the system as a function of temperature obeys a universal scaling form described by $ρ(T)\sim T\ln (1/T)$ at high temperatures, reminiscent of the paradigmatic strange metal regime observed in many strongly correlated compounds. For a window of temperatures comparable with $κ^{3/2}_{\text{latt}}\varepsilon_F$ (where $\varepsilon_F$ is the Fermi energy of the microscopic model), the system displays another regime in which the resistivity is consistent with a description in terms of $ρ(T)\sim T^α$, where the effective exponent roughly satisfies the inequality $1\lesssimα\lesssim 2$. However, in the low-temperature limit (i.e., $T\llκ^{3/2}_{\text{latt}}\varepsilon_F$), the properties of the quantum critical state change in an important way depending on the types of disorder present in the system: It can either recover a conventional Fermi liquid described by $ρ(T)\sim T^2$ or it could exhibit yet another non-Fermi liquid regime characterized by the scaling form $ρ(T)-ρ_0\sim T^2\ln T$. Our results emphasize the key role played by both phonon and disorder effects in the scenario of nematic quantum criticality and might be fundamental for addressing recent transport experiments in some iron-based superconductors.
description: 18 pages, 9 figures
Challenging deep image descriptors for retrieval in heterogeneous iconographic collections
Creators: name: Gominski, Dimitri
name: Poreba, Martyna
name: Gouet-Brunet, Valérie
name: Chen, Liming
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This article proposes to study the behavior of recent and efficient state-of-the-art deep-learning based image descriptors for content-based image retrieval, facing a panel of complex variations appearing in heterogeneous image datasets, in particular in cultural collections that may involve multi-source, multi-date and multi-view Permission to make digital
description: SUMAC '19, 2019
Multi-Hazard Modelling of Dual Row Retaining Walls
Creators: name: Madabhushi, Srikanth Satyanarayana Chakrapani
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2018
Subjects: Retaining Walls
Dual Row Retaining Walls
Liquefaction
Soil Dynamics
Dynamic Soil Structure Interaction
Multi-Hazard Modelling
Earthquake Engineering
Tsunami Defence
Centrifuge Modelling
Numerical Analyses
Winkler Model

description: The recent 2011 T$\overline{o}$hoku earthquake and tsunami served as a stark reminder of the destructive capabilities of such combined events. Civil Engineers are increasingly tasked with protecting coastal populations and infrastructure against more severe multi-hazard events. Whilst the protective measures must be robust, their deployment over long stretches of coastline necessitates an economical and environmentally friendly design. The dual row retaining wall concept, which features two parallel sheet pile walls with a sand infill between them and tie rods connecting the wall heads, is potentially an efficient and resilient system in the face of both earthquake and tsunami loading. Optimal use of the soil’s strength and stiffness as part of the structural system is an elegant geotechnical solution which could also be applied to harbours or elevated roads. However, both the static equilibrium and dynamic response of these types of constructions are not well understood and raise many academic and practical challenges. A combination of centrifuge and numerical modelling was utilised to investigate the problem. Studying the mechanics of the walls in dry sand from the soil stresses to the system displacements revealed the complex nature of the soil structure interaction. Increased wall flexibility can allow more utilisation of the soil’s plastic capacity without necessarily increasing the total displacements. Recognising the dynamically varying vertical effective stresses promotes a purer understanding of the earth pressures mobilised around the walls and may encourage a move away from historically used dynamic earth pressure coefficients. In a similar vein, the proposed modified Winkler method can form the basis of an efficient preliminary design tool for practice with a reduced disconnect between the wall movements and mobilised soil stresses. When founded in liquefiable soil and subjected to harmonic base motion, the dual row walls were resilient to catastrophic collapse and only accrued deformation in a ratcheting fashion. The experiments and numerical simulations highlighted the importance of relative suction between the walls, shear-induced dilation and regained strength outside the walls and partial drainage in the co-seismic period. The use of surrogate modelling to automatically optimise parameter selection for the advanced constitutive model was successfully explored. Ultimately, focussing on the mechanics of the dual row walls has helped further the academic and practical understanding of these complex but life-saving systems.
description: EPSRC DTA
Space Structure and Quantum Mechanics
Creators: name: Krasnoholovets, Volodymyr
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A new concept of the constitution of Nature is proposed. The constructed submicroscopic quantum mechanics is deterministic and is characterised by elementary excitations of the space net that is treated as the tessellation of balls, or superparticles. Said excitations called "inertons" accompany any canonical particle when it moves. It is shown theoretically that the introduction of inertons obviates all conceptual difficulties of orthodox quantum mechanics. The theory has been verified experimentally. It is argued that just inertons play the role of real carriers in the gravitational interaction.
description: LaTeX 2e, two figures (EPS files), 4 p. Invited talk given at the Ukrainian Russian conference "Gravitation, Cosmology and Relativistic Astrophysics", 8-11 Nov., 2000, Kharkiv, Ukraine
title: Measuring Redenomination Risks in the Euro Area - New Evidence from survey Data
title: MAGKS - Joint Discussion Paper Series in Economics
Creators: name: Klose, Jens
Publisher: name: Philipps-Universität Marburg
Year: 2019
Subjects: Economics
Wirtschaft
Euro Area
Exit
Redenomination Risk

description: This article introduces a new indicator to measure redenomination risks in Euro area countries. The measure is based on survey data. The influence of this indicator in determining sovereign bond yield spreads is tested using an ARDL-approach. The results for ten EMU countries in the period June 2012 to January 2018 show that the risk of a depreciation is almost abandoned for Euro area countries, i.e. the former crisis countries Ireland and Portugal. If anything an appreciation may occur for some countries once they leave the EMU. The only countries facing depreciation problems once leaving the monetary union are Italy and to some extent Spain.
OrchestRAN: Network Automation through Orchestrated Intelligence in the Open RAN
Creators: name: D'Oro, Salvatore
name: Bonati, Leonardo
name: Polese, Michele
name: Melodia, Tommaso
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The next generation of cellular networks will be characterized by softwarized, open, and disaggregated architectures exposing analytics and control knobs to enable network intelligence. How to realize this vision, however, is largely an open problem. In this paper, we take a decisive step forward by presenting and prototyping OrchestRAN, a novel orchestration framework that embraces and builds upon the Open RAN paradigm to provide a practical solution to these challenges. OrchestRAN has been designed to execute in the non-real-time RAN Intelligent Controller (RIC) and allows Network Operators (NOs) to specify high-level control/inference objectives (i.e., adapt scheduling, and forecast capacity in near-real-time for a set of base stations in Downtown New York). OrchestRAN automatically computes the optimal set of data-driven algorithms and their execution location to achieve intents specified by the NOs while meeting the desired timing requirements. We show that the problem of orchestrating intelligence in Open RAN is NP-hard, and design low-complexity solutions to support real-world applications. We prototype OrchestRAN and test it at scale on Colosseum. Our experimental results on a network with 7 base stations and 42 users demonstrate that OrchestRAN is able to instantiate data-driven services on demand with minimal control overhead and latency.
MOESM1 of Two-step derivatization for determination of sugar phosphates in plants by combined reversed phase chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry
Creators: name: Rende, Umut
name: Totte Niittylä
name: Moritz, Thomas
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Developmental Biology

description: Additional file 1. Additional figures and table.
Hyperfine Structure and Coherent Dynamics of Rare Earth Spins Explored with Electron-Nuclear Double Resonance at Sub-Kelvin Temperatures
Creators: name: Li, Pei-Yun
name: Liu, Chao
name: Zhou, Zong-Quan
name: Liu, Xiao
name: Tu, Tao
name: Yang, Tian-Shu
name: Li, Zong-Feng
name: Ma, Yu
name: Hu, Jun
name: Liang, Peng-Jun
name: Li, Xue
name: Huang, Jian-Yin
name: Zhu, Tian-Xiang
name: Li, Chuan-Feng
name: Guo, Guang-Can
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An experimental platform of ultralow-temperature pulsed ENDOR (electron-nuclear double resonance) spectroscopy is constructed for the bulk materials. Coherent property of the coupled electron and nuclear spins of the rare-earth (RE) dopants in a crystal (143Nd3+:Y2SiO5) is investigated from 100 mK to 6 K. At the lowest working temperatures, two-pulse-echo coherence time exceeding 2 ms and 40 ms are achieved for the electron and nuclear spins, while the electronic Zeeman and hyperfine population lifetimes are more than 15 s and 10 min. With the aid of the near-unity electron spin polarization at 100 mK, the complete hyperfine level structure with 16 energy levels is measured using ENDOR technique without the assistance of the reconstructed spin Hamiltonian. These results demonstrate the suitability of the deeply cooled paramagnetic RE-doped solids for memory components aimed for quantum communication and quantum computation. The developed experimental platform is expected to be a powerful tool for paramagnetic materials from various research fields.
HI Narrow Line Absorption in Dark Clouds
Creators: name: Li, Di
name: Goldsmith, Paul F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have used the Arecibo telescope to carry out an survey of 31 dark clouds in the Taurus/Perseus region for narrow absorption features in HI ($λ$ 21cm) and OH (1667 and 1665 MHz) emission. We detected HI narrow self--absorption (HINSA) in 77% of the clouds that we observed. HINSA and OH emission, observed simultaneously are remarkably well correlated. Spectrally, they have the same nonthermal line width and the same line centroid velocity. Spatially, they both peak at the optically--selected central position of each cloud, and both fall off toward the cloud edges. Sources with clear HINSA feature have also been observed in transitions of CO, \13co, \c18o, and CI. HINSA exhibits better correlation with molecular tracers than with CI. The line width of the absorption feature, together with analyses of the relevant radiative transfer provide upper limits to the kinetic temperature of the gas producing the HINSA. Some sources must have a temperature close to or lower than 10 K. The correlation of column densities and line widths of HINSA with those characteristics of molecular tracers suggest that a significant fraction of the atomic hydrogen is located in the cold, well--shielded portions of molecular clouds, and is mixed with the molecular gas. The average number density ratio [HI]/[\h2] is $1.5\times10^{-3}$. The inferred HI density appears consistent with but is slightly higher than the value expected in steady state equilibrium between formation of HI via cosmic ray destruction of H$_2$ and destruction via formation of H$_2$ on grain surfaces. The distribution and abundance of atomic hydrogen in molecular clouds is a critical test of dark cloud chemistry and structure, including the issues of grain surface reaction rates, PDRs, circulation, and turbulent diffusion.
description: 40 pages, 10 figures, accepted by ApJ
New approaches for measuring fitness of Plasmodium falciparum mutations implicated in drug resistance
Creators: name: Carrasquilla, Manuela
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2019
Subjects: Malaria
Drug resistance
fitness
Artemisinin
Plasmodium falciparum
Next Generation Sequencing
Barcode Sequencing

description: The repeated emergence of drug resistance in Plasmodium falciparum underscores the importance of understanding the genetic architecture of current resistance pathways, as well as any associated fitness costs. Why resistance emerges in particular regions of the world has been linked to particular genetic backgrounds that better tolerate resistance-associated polymorphisms; this is likely to play a key role in driving the epidemiology of drug resistance, however is infrequently studied at a large scale in a laboratory setting. The first results chapter establishes a barcoding approach for P. falciparum with the aim of tracking parasite growth in vitro. The strategy used was adapted for P. falciparum by using a pseudogene (PfRh3) as a safe harbour to insert unique molecular barcodes. These libraries of barcoded P. falciparum vectors were also used as a readout of transfection efficiency. The second chapter establishes a proof of principle for phenotyping by barcode sequencing, using a panel of barcoded parasites generated in different genetic backgrounds that comprise sufficient genetic diversity to pilot the method. These were grown in the presence and absence of antimalarial compounds, and growth phenotypes were measured in parallel using BarSeq. The third results chapter studies the contribution of mutations in Pfkelch13, a molecular marker of artemisinin resistance, to parasite fitness. Combining CRISPR/Cas9-based genome editing and high throughput sequencing, the impact of Pfkelch13 alleles on fitness in the context of particular strain backgrounds is revealed. In particular, the impact of genetic background in the emergence and spread of drug-resistant lineages (referred to as KEL1) in Southeast Asia carrying a Y580 Pfkelch13 allele. Overall, given the current pace of genome sequencing of pathogenic organisms such as P. falciparum, it will be important to increase the scale of experimental genetics, in order to tackle in real-time natural variation that might be under constant selection from drugs, thus anticipating the emergence of drug resistance in changing parasite populations. Through this work, tools were developed to facilitate parallel phenotyping by measuring in vitro growth using high-throughput sequencing. The work also develops novel approaches to address the importance of genetic background and a potential role for positive epistasis in a lineage responsible for the recent outbreak of drug-resistant malaria in Southeast Asia.
A Molecular Modeling Approach to Identify Effective Antiviral Phytochemicals against the Main Protease of SARS-CoV-2
Creators: name: Rajib Islam
name: Rimon Parves
name: Archi Sundar Paul
name: Uddin, Nizam
name: Md Sajjadur Rahman
name: Mamun, Abdulla Al
name: Md Nayeem Hossain
name: Md Ackas Ali
name: Halim, Mohammad A.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The main protease of SARS-CoV-2 is one of the important targets to design and develop antiviral drugs. In this study, we have selected 40 antiviral phytochemicals to find out the best candidates which can act as potent inhibitors against the main protease. Molecular docking is performed using AutoDock Vina and GOLD suite to determine the binding affinities and interactions between the phytochemicals and the main protease. The selected candidates strongly interact with the key Cys145 and His41 residues. To validate the docking interactions, 100 ns molecular dynamics (MD) simulations on the five top-ranked inhibitors including hypericin, cyanidin 3-glucoside, baicalin, glabridin, and α-ketoamide-11r were performed. Principal component analysis (PCA) of potential energy components of MD discloses that baicalin, cyanidin 3-glucoside, and α-ketoamide-11r have structural similarity with the apo-form of the main protease. These findings are also strongly supported by root-mean-square deviation (RMSD), root-mean-square fluctuation (RMSF), radius of gyration (Rg), and solvent accessible surface area (SASA) investigations. PCA is also used to find out the quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) for pattern recognition of the best ligands. Multiple linear regression (MLR) of QSAR reveals the R2  value of 0.842 for the training set and 0.753 for the test set. Our proposed MLR model can predict the favorable binding energy compared with the binding energy detected from molecular docking. ADMET analysis demonstrates that these candidates appear to be safer inhibitors. Our comprehensive computational and statistical analysis show that these selected phytochemicals can be used as potential inhibitors against the SARS-CoV-2.
title: The Role of Global and Domestic Shocks for Inflation Dynamics: Evidence from Asia
title: MAGKS - Joint Discussion Paper Series in Economics
Creators: name: Finck, David
name: Tillmann, Peter
Publisher: name: Philipps-Universität Marburg
Year: 2019
Subjects: inflation targeting
business cycle
monetary policy, Phillips curve
open economy
Economics
Wirtschaft

description: This paper studies the determinants of business cycles in small open economies and adds to the discussion about the changing nature of inflation dynamics. We estimate a series of VAR models for a set of six Asian emerging market economies, in which we identify a battery of domestic and global shocks using sign restrictions. We find that global shocks explain large parts of inflation and output dynamics. The global shocks are procyclical with respect to the domestic components of economic activity. We estimate Phillips curve regressions based on alternative decompositions of output into global and domestic components. For the domestic component of GDP we find a positive and significant Phillips curve slope. While the output component driven by oil prices 'flattens' the Phillips curve, the component driven by global demand shocks 'steepens' the trade-o_. Hence, whether or not global shocks flatten the Phillips curve crucially depends on the nature of these global shocks. A series of counterfactuals supports these findings and suggests that the role of monetary policy and exchange rate shocks is limited. d.
Dynamical learning of a photonics quantum-state engineering process
Creators: name: Suprano, Alessia
name: Zia, Danilo
name: Polino, Emanuele
name: Giordani, Taira
name: Innocenti, Luca
name: Ferraro, Alessandro
name: Paternostro, Mauro
name: Spagnolo, Nicolò
name: Sciarrino, Fabio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Experimentally engineering high-dimensional quantum states is a crucial task for several quantum information protocols. However, a high degree of precision in the characterization of experimental noisy apparatus is required to apply existing quantum state engineering protocols. This is often lacking in practical scenarios, affecting the quality of the engineered states. Here, we implement experimentally an automated adaptive optimization protocol to engineer photonic Orbital Angular Momentum (OAM) states. The protocol, given a target output state, performs an online estimation of the quality of the currently produced states, relying on output measurement statistics, and determines how to tune the experimental parameters to optimize the state generation. To achieve this, the algorithm needs not be imbued with a description of the generation apparatus itself. Rather, it operates in a fully black-box scenario, making the scheme applicable in a wide variety of circumstances. The handles controlled by the algorithm are the rotation angles of a series of waveplates and can be used to probabilistically generate arbitrary four-dimensional OAM states. We showcase our scheme on different target states both in classical and quantum regimes, and prove its robustness to external perturbations on the control parameters. This approach represents a powerful tool for automated optimizations of noisy experimental tasks for quantum information protocols and technologies.
title: Inter-municipal cooperation in administrative tasks - the role of population dynamics and elections
title: MAGKS - Joint Discussion Paper Series in Economics
Creators: name: Bischoff, Ivo
name: Wolfschütz, Eva
Publisher: name: Philipps-Universität Marburg
Year: 2019
Subjects: elections
public administration
hazard model
survey
Inter-municipal cooperation
Germany
Economics
Wirtschaft

description: We analyze the factors driving the emergence of inter-municipal cooperation (IMC) in tasks of internal administration in West-Germany between 2001 and 2014. In line with the Institutional Collective Action Approach, we find similarities in political ideology to foster cooperation. Cost pressure drives IMC. Given substantial cost hysteresis in administrative tasks, we expect IMC to be more frequent among shrinking municipalities. Our results supports this notion. However, there is no evidence that municipalities make use of complementarities from divergent population dynamics. We apply a hazard model that allows us to analyze the timing of IMC arrangements. We find state subsidies for IMC are an important driving force behind IMC. IMC agreements are less likely to emerge in election years when municipalities face low cost pressure while the opposite is true for municipalities with high cost pressure.
The effects of net food imports on obesity in selected Latin American and Caribbean Countries
Creators: name: Jolly, C.M.
name: Jolly, P. E.
name: Namugabo, E.
name: Nyguyen, G.
name: Diawara, N.
name: Ovalle, F.
name: Jolly, C.M.
name: Jolly, P. E.
name: Namugabo, E.
name: Nyguyen, G.
name: Diawara, N.
name: Ovalle, F.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: Food Security and Poverty
International Relations/Trade

description: Obesity is becoming a major health problem in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC). The prevalence of obesity and its related diseases such as cardiovascular diseases (CVD) which were estimated at 26 percent of all diseases are expected to triple by 2020. Researchers and policy makers have accredited the rise in obesity to changes in diet, life style, income and the growth of urbanization. Not much attention has been paid to food availability and imports. Food production in the LAC countries has been increasing at a slow rate, but food availability due to imports has grown at a much faster rate. Much of this growth in food availability can be associated with an increase in cheap food imports from the United States (US) and Europe. About half of all LAC countries are net food importers. In recent years surplus food producing countries have increased assistance for food purchases. The increase in food availability and consumption of imported foods are likely to affect weight gain and lead to obesity if the imported foods enhance caloric density, and lower the diversity of foods consumed. On the other hand, if the imported foods facilitate diet diversity this is likely to lower the risks of overweight and obesity. In this paper, we investigate the effects of food imports on obesity in selected LAC countries. Cross sectional data for the year 2002 for 25 selected LAC countries were collected from the World Health Organization health data base, FAO, the World Bank development indicator database, and World Penn tables. Regression analysis with a semi-log functional form was used to investigate whether food imports and other socio-economic variables were related to total population, male and female obesity. For total obesity the equation had an adjusted R2 of 0.72 which means that the variation in the independent variable explained 72 percent of the variation in total obesity.
High Field Studies of the Hidden Order Transition in URu$_2$Si$_2$
Creators: name: Jaime, M.
name: Kim, K. H.
name: Jorge, G.
name: McCall, S.
name: Mydosh, J. A
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We studied in detail the low temperature/high magnetic field phases of URu$_{2}$Si$_{2}$ single crystals with specific heat, magnetocaloric effect, and magnetoresistance in magnetic fields up to 45 T. Data obtained down to 0.5 K, and extrapolated to T = 0, show a suppression of the hidden order phase at H$_{o}$(0) = 35.9 $\pm$ 0.35 T and the appearance of a new phase for magnetic fields in excess of H$_{1}$(0) = 36.1 $\pm$ 0.35 T observed \textit{only} at temperatures lower than 6 K. In turn, complete suppression of this high field state is attained at a critical magnetic field H$_{2}$(0) = 39.7 $\pm$ 0.35 T. No phase transitions are observed above 40 T. We discuss our results in the context of itinerant vs. localized \textit{f}-electron behavior and consider the implications for the hidden order phase.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures Submitted May 10, 2002. Revised Sep 17, 2002
title: Does tax competition drive cooperation in local economic development policies? Evidence on inter-local business parks in Germany
title: MAGKS - Joint Discussion Paper Series in Economics
Creators: name: Bischoff, Ivo
name: Melch, Simon
name: Wolfschütz, Eva
Publisher: name: Philipps-Universität Marburg
Year: 2019
Subjects: Inter-local business parks
tax competition
Germany
Economics
Wirtschaft
hazard model
inter-municipal cooperation

description: An increasing number of municipalities cooperates in the field of economic development. In this paper, we focus on a specific instrument in this field, namely the development of joint business parks. We apply a hazard model to data from West-German municipalities between 2000 and 2015. We find inter-local business parks to be more frequent among small municipal-ities and in constellations where suitable land is scarce. Our main focus rests on the role of tax competition. An analogy building on the literature on international tax coordination supports the hypothesis that inter-local business parks are more likely in regions where tax competition is intense. The evidence is affirmative: We find that the likelihood of inter-local business park formation to increase in the intensity of local tax competition.
Characterizing the Nature of the Unresolved Point Sources in the Galactic Center
Creators: name: Chang, Laura J.
name: Mishra-Sharma, Siddharth
name: Lisanti, Mariangela
name: Buschmann, Malte
name: Rodd, Nicholas L.
name: Safdi, Benjamin R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Galactic Center Excess (GCE) of GeV gamma rays can be explained as a signal of annihilating dark matter or of emission from unresolved astrophysical sources, such as millisecond pulsars. Evidence for the latter is provided by a statistical procedure---referred to as Non-Poissonian Template Fitting (NPTF)---that distinguishes the smooth distribution of photons expected for dark matter annihilation from a "clumpy" photon distribution expected for point sources. In this paper, we perform an extensive study of the NPTF on simulated data, exploring its ability to recover the flux and luminosity function of unresolved sources at the Galactic Center. When astrophysical background emission is perfectly modeled, we find that the NPTF successfully distinguishes between the dark matter and point source hypotheses when either component makes up the entirety of the GCE. When the GCE is a mixture of dark matter and point sources, the NPTF may fail to reconstruct the correct contribution of each component. We further study the impact of mismodeling the Galactic diffuse backgrounds, finding that while a dark matter signal could be attributed to point sources in some outlying cases for the scenarios we consider, the significance of a true point source signal remains robust. Our work enables us to comment on a recent study by Leane and Slatyer (2019) that questions prior NPTF conclusions because the method does not recover an artificial dark matter signal injected on actual Fermi data. We demonstrate that the failure of the NPTF to extract an artificial dark matter signal can be natural when point sources are present in the data---with the effect further exacerbated by the presence of diffuse mismodeling---and does not on its own invalidate the conclusions of the NPTF analysis in the Inner Galaxy.
description: 21+16 pages, 10+17 figures
Molecular dynamics simulation study of Plasmodium falciparum and Escherichia coli SufA: Exploration of conformational changes possibly involved in iron-sulfur cluster transfer
Creators: name: Priyadarsini Kadirvel
name: Ahalyaa Subramanian
name: Niranjana Sridharan
name: Sreelakshmi Subramanian
name: Senthamizhan Vimaladhasan
name: Anishetty, Sharmila
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Iron-sulfur (Fe-S) clusters are one of the earliest known metal complexes in biological molecules. Suf system is one of the Fe-S biogenesis pathways. SufA belongs to the Suf pathway. It is an A-type carrier protein that transfers Fe-S clusters from the scaffold to target proteins. Structural studies were performed for the Suf pathway protein, SufA, in order to explore the conformational changes that probably aid in the transfer of Fe-S clusters to target proteins. Three-dimensional (3D) structure of Plasmodium falciparum (Pf) SufA homodimer was obtained by homology modeling using 3D structure of Escherichia coli (Ec) SufA as template. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulation of Pf SufA and Ec SufA homodimers followed by trajectory and pocket analyses were carried out. A co-ordinated displacement of the homodimeric chains in the interfacial region, resembling a swinging trapeze-like movement was observed. Potential involvement of this swinging trapeze-like movement of the residues belonging to the interfacial region has been proposed as a probable mechanism that assists in the transfer of Fe-S cluster from SufA to apo proteins. This was substantiated by protein-protein interaction studies in Pf SufA by performing molecular docking of 3D conformations of Pf SufA obtained from MD trajectory at every 1 ns interval with Pf ferredoxin. Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma
Food prices and food security in CARICOM region: Assessing impacts to inform policy responses
Creators: name: Bezuneh, Mesfin
name: Yiheyis, Z.
name: Bezuneh, Mesfin
name: Yiheyis, Z.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: Food Security and Poverty

description: The recent sharp increase and volatility in food prices have shaken governments, in both developed and developing countries, and international development communities. As a result, it has stimulated renewed interest in assessing its impacts on food security. This paper will attempt to contribute to these growing efforts. The purpose here is to examine the relationship between food consumption, which we take as a measure of food security, and food prices and other factors using the well-established availability/access/utilization framework in the CARICOM region. More specifically, the main focus of the paper will be on “chronic” as opposed to “transitory” food insecurity. The result is expected to have wider policy implications for both immediate as well as long-term national and regional food systems.
Factors associated with acute pesticide poisoning among farmers in Northwestern Jamaica
Creators: name: Jolly, Pauline
name: Ncube, N.
name: Bessler, Patricia
name: Fogo, Christopher
name: Jolly, Curtis M.
name: Jolly, Pauline
name: Ncube, N.
name: Bessler, Patricia
name: Fogo, Christopher
name: Jolly, Curtis M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: Agribusiness
Productivity Analysis
Risk and Uncertainty

description: The safe production and marketing of food is a major step towards food security. However, many farmers put themselves at risk from pesticide poisoning during the production process. The unsafe use of pesticides is a major problem, especially in Caribbean Common Market (CARICOM) countries where the most persistent and hazardous pesticides are used by farmers with limited training. Excessive and improper use of pesticides is one of the major causes of chemical poisoning in the CARICOM area. In Jamaica, high levels of pesticide residues have been detected in surface water and aquatic life but the extent of acute pesticide poisoning among farmers has not been determined. We conducted a population survey using an interviewer-administered questionnaire among farmers in three parishes of northwestern Jamaica to determine the occurrence of pesticide poisoning and to identify factors associated with pesticide poisoning. Approximately 16% of the 359 farmers who participated reported incidents of pesticide poisoning within the last two years. Age 40-49 years (compared with 20-39 years), shorter distance from home to the farm, 20-29 years of farming experience (compared with ≤20 years), using hand-held sprayers and never wearing masks/respirator when handling pesticides were significantly associated with pesticide poisoning. Factors that were protective against pesticide poisoning included, always reading the instructions on the pesticide bag before use, using special tools for mixing and applying pesticides, and farm owned/run by a family. The majority (60%) of farmers who reported pesticide poisoning never sought medical attention for poisoning. Approximately one in six Jamaican farmers experienced symptoms of acute pesticide poisoning but the majority did not seek medical attention. The factors found to be associated with pesticide poisoning in this study indicate that implementation of specific intervention strategies and education of farmers can lead to safe handling and use of pesticides and reduction of acute pesticide poisoning among farmers.
title: Growing up in the Iran-Iraq War and Preferences for Strong Defense
title: MAGKS - Joint Discussion Paper Series in Economics
Creators: name: Farzanegan, Mohammad Reza
name: Gholipour, Hassan F.
Publisher: name: Philipps-Universität Marburg
Year: 2019
Subjects: Iran-Iraq war
Economics
Wirtschaft
Preferences for defense
Beliefs
Impressionable years hypothesis

description: The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of individuals’ memories of the Iran-Iraq war (1980-1988) during early adulthood (18-25 years) on their preference for strong national defense forces and their willingness to fight for Iran (in the event of another war). Using the World Value Survey (WVS) data, we provide evidence that Iranians who experienced the war during early adulthood give top priority to strong defense forces. However, we find that there is no significant association between individuals’ memories of the war during early adulthood and their willingness to fight for Iran. The results are robust, controlling for a set of individuals’ socio-economic and political characteristics.
Applications of GIS and GPS technology for extension in the Caribbean: Identifying sustainable practices in Trinidad and Grenada
Creators: name: Edwin Joseph, Edwin
name: Edwin Joseph, Edwin
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession

description: Technology changes the organizational structure and roles of employees in the workplace. Many researchers in the Caribbean are now incorporating GIS and GPS technologies into their field work, but there is little collaboration or communication that could lead to wider use and long-term sustainability. The use of GIS and GPS in the Caribbean can therefore be best described as sporadic and disconnected. In a 2008 GIS training workshop in Trinidad, and a 2009 workshop in Grenada, participants were given the opportunity to learn how to integrate GIS, GPS, and multimedia into everyday extension practice. Post training responses reveal that extension officers are optimistic about the impacts of GIS on their jobs. Participants identified GPS and multimedia as tools that enabled optimal use of time in the field, and encouraged collaboration. This paper reviews cost-effective sustainable solutions for innovative extension practices for the Caribbean.
New high-tech flexible networks for the monitoring of deep-sea ecosystems
Creators: name: Aguzzi, J.
name: Chatzievangelou, D.
name: Marini, S.
name: Fanelli, E.
name: Danovaro, R.
name: Flogel, S.
name: Juanes, F.
name: De Leo, F.
name: Del Rio, J.
name: Laurenz, T.
name: Costa, C.
name: Riccobene, G.
name: Tamburini, C.
name: Lefevre, D.
name: Gojak, C.
name: Poulain, P-M.
name: Favali, P.
name: Griffa, A.
name: Purser, A.
name: Cline, D.
name: Edgington, D.
name: Navarro, J.
name: Stefanini, S.
name: Hondt, S. D
name: Priede, I. G.
name: Rountree, R.
name: Company, J. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Increasing interest in the acquisition of biotic and abiotic resources from within the deep sea (e.g. fisheries, oil-gas extraction, and mining) urgently imposes the development of novel monitoring technologies, beyond the traditional vessel-assisted, time-consuming, high-cost sampling surveys. The implementation of permanent networks of seabed and water-column cabled (fixed) and docked mobile platforms is presently enforced, to cooperatively measure biological features and environmental (physico-chemical) parameters. Video and acoustic (i.e. optoacoustic) imaging are becoming central approaches for studying benthic fauna (e.g. quantifying species presence, behaviour, and trophic interactions) in a remote, continuous, and prolonged fashion. Imaging is also being complemented by in situ environmental-DNA sequencing technologies, allowing the traceability of a wide range of organisms (including prokaryotes) beyond the reach of optoacoustic tools. Here, we describe the different fixed and mobile platforms of those benthic and pelagic monitoring networks, proposing at the same time an innovative roadmap for the automated computing of hierarchical ecological information of deep-sea ecosystems (i.e. from single species abundance and life traits, to community composition, and overall biodiversity)
description: 56 pages, 4 figures This document is the unedited Author's version of a Submitted Work that was subsequently accepted for publication in Environmental Science and Technology, copyright American Chemical Society after peer review. To access the final edited and published work see Journal Reference
Lithium and Halpha in stars and brown dwarfs of sigma Orionis
Creators: name: Osorio, M. R. Zapatero
name: Bejar, V. J. S.
name: Pavlenko, Ya.
name: Rebolo, R.
name: Prieto, C. Allende
name: Martin, E. L.
name: Lopez, R. J. Garcia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present intermediate- and low-resolution optical spectra around Halpha and LiI 6708 A for a sample of 25 low mass stars and 2 brown dwarfs with confirmed membership in the pre-main sequence stellar sigma Orionis cluster. Our observations are intended to investigate the age of the cluster. The spectral types derived for our target sample are found to be in the range K6-M8.5, which corresponds to a mass interval of roughly 1.2-0.02 Msun on the basis of state-of-the-art evolutionary models. Radial velocities (except for one object) are found to be consistent with membership in the Orion complex. All cluster members show considerable Halpha emission and LiI in absorption, which is typical of very young ages. We find that our pseudo-equivalent widths appear rather dispersed (and intense in the case of Halpha) for objects cooler than M3.5 spectral class, occurring at the approximate mass where low mass stars are expected to become fully convective. The least massive brown dwarf in our sample, SOri 45 (M8.5, ~0.02 Msun), displays variable Halpha emission and a radial velocity that differs from the cluster mean velocity. Tentative detection of forbidden lines in emission indicates that this brown dwarf may be accreting mass from a surrounding disk. We also present recent computations of LiI curves of growth for low gravities and for the temperature interval (about 4000-2600 K) of our sample. The comparison of our observations to these computations allows us to infer that no lithium depletion has yet taken place in sigma Orionis, and that the observed pseudo-equivalent widths are consistent with a cluster initial lithium abundance close to the cosmic value. Hence, the upper limit to the sigma Orionis cluster age can be set at 8 Myr, with a most likely value around 2-4 Myr.
description: 17 pages (figures included). Accepted for publication in A&A
Discovery of new potential CDK2/VEGFR2 type II inhibitors by fragmentation and virtual screening of natural products
Creators: name: Vásquez, Andrés Felipe
name: Muñoz, Alejandro Reyes
name: Duitama, Jorge
name: Barrios, Andrés González
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 2 (CDK2) and Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor (VEGFR2) have largely been considered as attractive targets for developing anticancer agents. However, there is no dual inhibitor commercially available in the market that interacts simultaneously with the allosteric back pocket of these enzymes. We applied a combined computational strategy that started with the generation of two overlapping pharmacophore models of both kinases at ‘inactive’ conformation. Next, several virtual libraries of natural products, including the databases TCM (Traditional Chinese Medicine), UEFS (Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana), NuBBE (Nuclei of Bioassays, Biosynthesis, and Ecophysiology of Natural Products) and AfroDb (African Medicinal Plants Database) were deconstructed using a non-extensive version of the approach RECAP (retrosynthetic combinatorial analysis procedure). These natural-product-derived fragments (NPDFs) were screened and merged into drug-sized compounds, which were filtered by Lipinski’s Rule-of-five (Ro5) and docking. As a result, two pharmacophore models, namely Hypo1 and Hypo2, were developed with an accuracy of 0.94 and 0.84, respectively. Deconstruction of natural products produced a set of 16655 unique non-extensive NPDFs that were screened against both pharmacophore models. Finally, after merging, Ro5-filtering and docking, we obtained a set of 20 hit compounds predicted to be diverse, developable, synthesizable and potent. The computational strategy proved successful to find virtual candidates of kinase inhibitors and therefore contributes to the identification of innovative multi-target compounds with potential anticancer activity.
Exact multi-membrane solutions in AdS_7
Creators: name: Liu, James T.
name: Wen, W. Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the properties of an exact multi-membrane solution in seven-dimensional maximal SO(5)-gauged supergravity. Unlike previously known multi-centered solutions, the present one is asymptotically anti-de Sitter. We show that this multi-membrane configuration preserves only a quarter of the supersymmetries. When lifted to eleven dimensions, this solution is interpreted as a set of open membranes ending on self-dual strings on a stack of M5-branes, in the near M5 limit.
description: 11 pages, Revtex
Zmiany cen na międzynarodowym rynku oleistych w okresie upowszechnia się odmian zmodyfikowanych genetycznie
Creators: name: Rembeza, Jerzy
name: Rembeza, Jerzy
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: GMO
subject: oilseeds
subject: international market
subject: prices
subject: / oleiste
subject: rynek międzynarodowy
subject: ceny

description: The paper presents changes in the international oilseeds market during the period of genetically modified varieties dissemination. Despite differing countries’ regulations the international oilseeds market grew rapidly. There was found weakening causal relationships between European oilseed prices and US soya prices, however. / Synopsis. W artykule przedstawiono zmiany na międzynarodowym rynku oleistych w okresie upowszechniania odmian zmodyfikowanych genetycznie. Pomimo odmiennych regulacji krajowych rynku GMO poziom obrotów międzynarodowych oleistymi szybko wzrastał. Stwierdzono jednak osłabienie związków przyczynowych pomiędzy europejskimi cenami oleistych a cenami soi w USA.