cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Relativistic accretion disc in tidal disruption events
Creators: name: Mageshwaran, T.
name: Bhattacharyya, Sudip
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct a time-dependent relativistic accretion model for tidal disruption events (TDEs) with an $α-$viscosity and the pressure dominated by gas pressure. We also include the mass fallback rate $\dot{M}_f$ for both full and partial disruption TDEs, and assume that the infalling debris forms a seed disc in time $t_c$, which evolves due to the mass addition from the infalling debris and the mass loss via accretion onto the black hole. Besides, we derive an explicit form for the disc height that depends on the angular momentum parameter in the disc. We show that the surface density of the disc increases at an initial time due to mass addition, and then decreases as the mass fallback rate decreases, which results in a decrease in the disc mass $M_{\rm d}$ with a late-time evolution of $M_{\rm d} \propto t^{-1.05}$ and $M_{\rm d} \propto t^{-1.38}$ for full and partial disruption TDEs respectively, where $t$ is the time parameter. The bolometric luminosity $L$ shows a rise and decline that follows a power-law at late times given by $L \propto t^{-1.8}$ and $L \propto t^{-2.3}$ for full and partial disruption TDEs respectively. Our obtained luminosity declines faster than the luminosity inferred using $L \propto \dot{M}_f$. We also compute the light curves in various spectral bands.
description: 22 pages, 19 figures with 37 sub-figures, 3 tables, accepted for publication in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
SOME IMPACTS OF ARIZONA DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY (ADEQ) ENFORCEMENT IN THE DAIRY INDUSTRY IN MARICOPA COUNTY, ARIZONA
Creators: name: Hemmer, Ronald
name: Hemmer, Ronald
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: IMPLAN
subject: Input-Output
subject: watershed analysis
subject: water quality
subject: NRCS
subject: conservation
subject: regional analysis

description: Although water quality is a valid purpose for watershed projects under the PL83-566 Watershed Protection and Flood Prevention Act, historically very few water quality projects have ever been implemented in Arizona. This is largely due to the difficulty in measuring "non-controversial" monetary benefits associated with positive water quality impacts and to policy biased in favor of those projects with a higher monetary benefit-cost ratio. These reasons, among others, has prompted NRCS field economists to seek alternate methods to measure project benefits and costs. While the direct measurement of water quality benefits would be the preferable method to use, IMPLAN, through regional economic impact analysis, provides a way of measuring another category of benefits that can be used in the economic analysis of watershed projects. The key to proper use of IMPLAN is the correct problem definition and accurate modeling of the local economy. The assumptions used in the analysis must be acceptable to the interdisciplinary team and the project sponsors.
Social security and saving rates : a cohort analysis using Italian data
Creators: name: Biagi, Federico
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Like other industrialized countries, Italy has recently experienced a substantial decrease in the fraction of total income saved by the private sector. Working with a repeated series of cross sections (Bank of Italy "Survey on Household Income and Wealth" for the period 1984-1995), this thesis verifies to which extent Social Security can explain the drop in aggregate saving rates observed in Italy after the mid 1980's. Since Social Security wealth is a cohort dependent variable and given the nature of our data, we generate a quasi-panel dataset by creating synthetic cohort measures (in terms of age, sector and education) for all the relevant variables, focusing on individuals between the ages of 20 and 60. Previous studies have tried to link savings and Social Security but very rarely they have specified a structural model where the estimated coefficients can be unambiguously interpreted. We reach such an objective using the simplest consumption model (finite lives, no uncertainty, perfect capital markets and selfish agents), whose implications are that-for given expectations on the Social Security regime-cohort consumption rates are an increasing function of their Social Security wealth to Permanent Income ratios We test our model under different assumptions on the expected prevailing regime (in 1992 Italy experienced a first reform of Social Security that affected the generosity of benefits for private and public sector workers and raised retirement age for the former group) and we find that only under the perfect foresight hypothesis and only for private sector workers, log consumption rates are positively and significantly correlated with Social Security wealth to Permanent Income ratios. This result, far away from reflecting an increasing generosity of Social Security, is due to the raise in retirement age introduced by the 1992 reform. We conclude that Social Security can be held responsible for declining saving rates only for the private sector and only when we consider retirement age provision, and hence that there likely are other common factors that drive the aggregate result. We investigate the role of bequests and we find that wealth allocation within the household could be responsible for the observed rise in consumption rates.
PROPERTY RIGHTS, UNCERTAINTY AND OPTION VALUE
Creators: name: Burnes, Ellen
name: Burnes, Ellen
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1998
Subjects: Land Economics/Use

description: The transition from an open access to a private property rights management regime requires valuation mechanisms that respond to new incentives. The analysis relies on the NPV model, the Arrow Fisher (1972) result and the Black-Scholes option pricing model to describe the necessary elements of resource investment under this transition.
COINTEGRATION ANALYSIS OF UNBIASED EXPECTATIONS IN THE BIFFEX FREIGHT FUTURES MARKET
Creators: name: Haigh, Michael S.
name: Haigh, Michael S.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: The continued survival of the Baltic International Freight Futures Exchange (BIFFEX), based at the London International Financial Futures Exchange (LIFFE), has come as a surprise to many critics of this unique futures market (the only futures contract on a service). The level of trading activity remains low and the number of players limited, and as a result, this has disappointed advocates of the use of derivatives in the shipping market. Therefore, in an effort to explain, at least partially, the reasons for its continued success, this paper tests long-term and short-term unbiasedness in the freight futures market with respect to its ability to unbiasedly predict future spot prices, using cointegration and error-correction techniques. Findings show that results from cointegrating regressions may falsely lead to the acceptance of unbiasedness by ignoring short-term dynamics. Results confirm that the freight futures market is "long-term" efficient but does experience "short-term" deviations. In light of these results, recent market developments are discussed.
PUTTING THE "ECON" INTO ECONOMETRICS
Creators: name: Dorfman, Jeffrey H.
name: McIntosh, Christopher S.
name: Dorfman, Jeffrey H.
name: McIntosh, Christopher S.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1998
Subjects: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods

description: Should econometricians always incorporate economic theory in their models or only when unrestricted estimators are found to violate an inviolable theory? Using Monte Carlo experiments, we find that econometricians should use economic theory to the fullest extent possible. To paraphrase Leamer's classic article, we should put the "econ" into econometrics.
The role of time scale in the spreading of asymmetrically interacting diseases
Creators: name: Ventura, Paulo Cesar
name: Moreno, Yamir
name: Rodrigues, Francisco A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Diseases and other contagion phenomena in nature and society can interact asymmetrically, such that one can benefit from the other, which in turn impairs the first, in analogy with predator-prey systems. Here, we consider two models for interacting disease-like dynamics with asymmetric interactions and different associated time scales. Using rate equations for homogeneously mixed populations, we show that the stationary prevalences and phase diagrams of each model behave differently with respect to variations of the relative time scales. We also characterize in detail the regime where transient oscillations are observed, a pattern that is inherent to asymmetrical interactions but often ignored in the literature. Our results contribute to a better understanding of disease dynamics in particular, and interacting processes in general, and could provide interesting insights for real-world applications, most notably, the interplay between the dynamics of fact-checked and fake news.
description: 11 pages and 8 figures
PARAMETRIC AND NONPARAMETRIC MARKET POWER TESTS: AN EMPIRICAL INVESTIGATION
Creators: name: Noelke, Corinna M.
name: Raper, Kellie Curry
name: Noelke, Corinna M.
name: Raper, Kellie Curry
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Industrial Organization
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: Parametric and nonparametric market power tests most commonly used to assess imperfectly competitive behavior are identified. Monte Carlo experiments are used to assess the accuracy of eight nonparametric tests. The results are compared to Raper, Love, and Shumway's (1997) findings concerning three parametric market power tests in the Bresnahan-Lau tradition. Both monopolistic and monopsonistic market power tests are implemented using data from 10 known market structures. Only two of the nonparametric market power tests distinguish between market structures adequately. The parametric tests perform well, although functional form bias is not investigated in this study.
INCOME ELASTICITY OF RICE DEMAND IN JAPAN AND ITS IMPLICATIONS: CROSS-SECTIONAL DATA ANALYSIS
Creators: name: Taniguchi, Kiyoshi
name: Chern, Wen S.
name: Taniguchi, Kiyoshi
name: Chern, Wen S.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: AIDS model
subject: Cross-section
subject: Income Elasticity
subject: Japan
subject: Rice Consumption

description: Researchers believe that rice in developed countries such as Japan became an inferior good a few decades ago. This study employs the flexible complete demand system for the recent cross-sectional data in Japan. Our results clearly show that rice in Japan is a normal good contrary to the preceding studies. The objective of this research is to analyze the food consumption patterns and to conduct econometric analysis of food demand structure. We use the monthly basis cross-sectional household data, Annual Report on the Family Income and Expenditure Survey (FIES) in 1997. Food items are non-glutinous rice, bread, noodle, fresh fish, and shellfish, fresh meat, milk, eggs, fresh vegetables, fresh fruits, fats and oil, and food away from home. We apply various single equation models: Working-Leser model is estimated by OLS, Heckman's two-step estimator, and Tobit estimator. All coefficients have correct signs and are statistically significant. For the complete demand system analysis, we apply the almost ideal demand (AIDS) system. To correct a censored dependent variable problem, we additionally utilize a censored regression approach. Results from AIDS models show that the expenditure elasticity of rice is positive and close to one. Marshallian and Hicksian own-price elasticities for rice are highly elastic for all models. Fresh meats and rice are mild complements in all models; however, fresh fish and rice show the mixed results.
FACE MASK DANGER FROM RESPIRATORY ACIDOSIS AND METHOD OF ELIMINATION
Creators: name: DAVIES, JOHN BRUCE
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025
Subjects: Face Mask Respiratory Acidosis Virus Bacteria Cancer Nurses Physicians

description: WHY FACE MASKS CAN BE DANGEROUS

MASK OVER MOUTH AND NOSE TRAPS CARBON DIOXIDE

RESPIRATORY ACIDOSIS IN LUNGS CAUSED BY EXCESS CARBON DIOXIDE 

ACIDOSIS PROMOTES CANCER, VIRUSES AND BACTERIA

SOLUTION : MASK OVER MOUTH ONLY

BREATHE IN THROUGH MOUTH : BREATHE OUT THROUGH NOSE
Transverse electric current induced by optically injected spin current in cross-shaped InGaAs/InAlAs system
Creators: name: Li, Jian
name: Dai, Xi
name: Shen, Shun-Qing
name: Zhang, Fu-Chun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine electric response of a linearly polarized light normally shed on a cross-shaped quasi 2-dimensional InGaAs/InAlAs system with structure inversion asymmetry. The photo-excited conduction electrons carry a pure spin current with in-plane spin polarization due to the Rashba spin-orbit interaction. We use Landauer-Büttiker formalism to show that this spin current induces two inward or outward transverse charge currents, which are observable in experiments. This effect may serve as an experimental probe of certain types of spin current.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures
PHOSPHORUS-BASED NUTRIENT MANAGEMENT PLANNING ON DAIRY/POULTRY FARMS: IMPLICATIONS FOR ECONOMIC AND ENVIRONMENTAL RISKS
Creators: name: Yang, Xiao
name: Bosch, Darrell J.
name: Nordberg, Tone
name: Wolfe, Mary Leigh
name: Yang, Xiao
name: Bosch, Darrell J.
name: Nordberg, Tone
name: Wolfe, Mary Leigh
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: nutrient runoff
subject: cost
subject: mathematical programming
subject: simulation
subject: watershed

description: The effects of phosphorus (P)-based nutrient management plans on economic and environmental risks of dairy and dairy-poultry farms in Virginia were evaluated. Phosphorus-based nutrient management plans can greatly reduce P runoff risk but also reduce farmers' returns. P-based plans cause greater reductions in returns and P runoff on the dairy-poultry farm than on the dairy only farm.
Vortex structure in spinor F=2 Bose-Einstein condensates
Creators: name: Pogosov, W. V.
name: Kawate, R.
name: Mizushima, T.
name: Machida, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Extended Gross-Pitaevskii equations for the rotating F=2 condensate in a harmonic trap are solved both numerically and variationally using trial functions for each component of the wave function. Axially-symmetric vortex solutions are analyzed and energies of polar and cyclic states are calculated. The equilibrium transitions between different phases with changing of the magnetization are studied. We show that at high magnetization the ground state of the system is determined by interaction in "density" channel, and at low magnetization spin interactions play a dominant role. Although there are five hyperfine states, all the particles are always condensed in one, two or three states. Two novel types of vortex structures are also discussed.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures
Christliche Friedensbewegung und Ökumenischer Rat der Kirchen
Creators: name: Paton, David M.
Publisher: name: Ökumenische Rundschau
Year: 2025

description: Ökumenische Rundschau, Bd. 14 Nr. 2 (1965): Ökumenische Rundschau, Band 14, Heft 2
A Search for Supernova Light Echoes in NGC 6946 with SITELLE
Creators: name: Radica, M. C.
name: Welch, D.
name: Rousseau-Nepton, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the analysis of four hours of spectroscopic observations of NGC 6946 with the SITELLE Imaging Fourier Transform Spectrometer on the Canada-France-Hawaii Telescope, acquired to search for supernova light echoes from its ten modern supernovae. We develop a novel spectroscopic search method: identifying negatively sloped continua in the narrow-band SN3 filter as candidate highly-broadened P-Cygni profiles in the H$α$ line, which would be characteristic of the spectra of supernovae ejecta. We test our methodology by looking for light echoes from any of the ten supernovae observed in NGC 6946 in the past 100 years. We find no evidence of light echoes above the survey surface brightness limit of 1$\times$10$^{-15}$erg/s/cm$^2$/arcsec$^2$.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Pseudo-Axions in Little Higgs Models
Creators: name: Kilian, Wolfgang
name: Rainwater, David
name: Reuter, Juergen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In Little Higgs models, the Higgs mass is stabilized at the one-loop level by the mechanism of collective symmetry breaking. Typically, the basic ingredient of these models is a large(r) global symmetry group spontaneously broken at a scale of several TeV. The (light) Higgs appears as a Goldstone boson corresponding to a non-diagonal broken generator of this global symmetry. There could also be physical pseudoscalar particles present which belong to diagonal generators, having the properties of axions with masses in the range from several GeV up to the electroweak scale. We investigate the interesting phenomenology of these pseudo-axions at the linear collider as well as the photon collider.
description: 5pp. To appear in the proceedings of International Conference on Linear Colliders (LCWS 05), Stanford, USA, 18-22 Mar 2005
Major Statistical Series of the U.S. Department of Agriculture, Volume 9: Market News
Creators: name: Economic Research Service
name: Agricultural Marketing Service
name: Economic Research Service
name: Agricultural Marketing Service
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1989
Subjects: subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession
subject: Market News Service
subject: market news
subject: commodity prices
subject: price reports
subject: volume movement

description: The U.S. Department of Agriculture's Agricultural Marketing Service administers the Federal-State Market News Service, a program that provides a wide variety of information on current market conditions to the Nation's agricultural industry. This volume describes the operation of the service including the development of the various Market News reports. It identifies the data sources for different commodities, the specific reports issued, and the terminology used in the reports.
description: This set of 12 volumes on the Major Statistical Series of the U.S. Department of Agriculture (Agriculture Handbook No. 671) is the second revision that supersedes the original volumes published during 1957-60. The first revision was completed in 1972.
Dixmier Traces as Singular Symmetric Functionals and Applications to Measurable Operators
Creators: name: Lord, Steven
name: Sedaev, Aleksandr
name: Sukochev, Fyodor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 46E30,46L51,46L87

description: This paper introduces a new approach to the non-normal Dixmier and Connes-Dixmier traces (introduced by Dixmier and adapted to non-commutative geometry by Connes) on a general Marcinkiewicz space associated with an arbitrary semifinite von Neumann algebra. By unifying various constructions, and translating the situation of Dixmier traces into the theory of singular symmetric functionals on Marcinkiewicz function/operator spaces, we obtain the results (i) and (ii) below. The results are stated here, for the reader, in terms of the ideal $L^{(1,\infty)}$ of compact operators whose partial sums of singular values are of logarithmic divergence. (i) a positive compact operator $x$ in $L^{(1,\infty)}$ yields the same value for an arbitrary Connes-Dixmier trace (ie. $x$ is measurable in the sense of Connes) if and only if $\lim_{N\to\infty} \frac{1}{Log N}\sum_{n=1}^N s_n(x)$ exists, where $s_n(x)$ are the singular values of the compact operator $x$; (ii) the set of Dixmier traces and the set of Connes-Dixmier traces are norming sets (up to equivalence) for the space $L^{(1,\infty)}/L^{(1,\infty)}_0$, where the space $L^{(1,\infty)}_0$ is the closure of all finite rank operators in the norm $||.||_{(1,\infty)}$.
description: 31 pages, LaTex source, to appear in J. Funct. Anal
ECONOMIC EVALUATION OF BT CORN REFUGE INSURANCE
Creators: name: Mitchell, Paul D.
name: Hurley, Terrance M.
name: Hellmich, Richard L.
name: Mitchell, Paul D.
name: Hurley, Terrance M.
name: Hellmich, Richard L.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2000
Subjects: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
Risk and Uncertainty

description: The EPA has imposed mandatory refuge requirements for Bt crops to prolong the efficacy of Bt. Growers have no economic incentive to plant the required refuge because refuge crops are on average less productive and more risky. This paper evaluates refuge insurance--insurance that pays indemnities for yield losses on refuge due to insect damage--as a tool to increase grower compliance incentives. We determine actuarially fair insurance premiums, then evaluate the feasibility of private provision of refuge insurance and its impact on grower incentives to comply with refuge requirements. A private market for refuge insurance appears unlikely because our analysis suggests that even a 2% load on the actuarially fair premium makes growers unwilling to buy refuge insurance. This load is not sufficient to cover administrative costs and provide a normal economic return. Even actuarially fair refuge insurance increases grower compliance incentives less than 3%. This result occurs because the primary benefit of Bt corn is yield enhancement and not risk reduction, but refuge insurance only reduces risk. For refuge insurance to provide significant compliance incentives, conventional insurance products must be restructured to draw premiums from sources other than grower risk premiums.
Synchronous linear constraint system games
Creators: name: Goldberg, Adina
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Synchronous linear constraint system games are nonlocal games that verify whether or not two players share a solution to a given system of equations. Two algebraic objects associated to these games encode information about the existence of perfect strategies. They are called the game algebra and the solution group. Here we show that these objects are essentially the same, i.e., that the game algebra is a suitable quotient of the group algebra of the solution group. We also demonstrate that linear constraint system games are equivalent to graph isomorphism games on a pair of graphs parameterized by the linear system.
description: 17 pages
DO PROFITABLE GRAIN MARKETING STRATEGIES EXIST FOR KANSAS CROPS?
Creators: name: O'Brien, Daniel M.
name: O'Brien, Daniel M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: Grain marketing
subject: efficient markets
subject: futures
subject: options
subject: marketing strategies

description: The issue of whether profitable preharvest and postharvest marketing strategies exist relative to harvest sales for Kansas crops for the 1985-1998 marketing years is addressed. Practical application of market efficiency concepts is discussed. Nonharvest wheat marketing strategies offered less opportunity relative to harvest sales than for feedgrains and especially soybeans.
A NEW STRATEGY FOR TESTING CONVERGENCE IN TASTES
Creators: name: Moro, Daniele
name: Sckokai, Paolo
name: Mazzocchi, Mario
name: Moro, Daniele
name: Sckokai, Paolo
name: Mazzocchi, Mario
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2000
Subjects: Consumer/Household Economics

description: A test for convergence in food tastes based on the estimation of a time-varying-parameter demand system is proposed; the test uses a notion of convergence in time series that looks at equality in the long-term forecasts of parameter estimates through cointegration techniques. An empirical application is provided.
$Λ$ and $K^0_s$ Production in pC Collisions at 10 Gev/c
Creators: name: Aslanyan, P. Zh.
name: Emelyanenko, V. N.
name: Rikhkvitzkaya, G. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The experimental data from the 2m propane bubble chamber have been analyzed for pC$\to Λ(K^0_s)X$ reactions at 10 GeV/c. The estimation of experimental inclusive cross sections for $Λ$ and $K^0_s$ production in the p$^{12}C$ collision is equal to $σ_Λ$= 13.3$\pm$1.7 mb and $σ_{K^0_s}$= 3.8$\pm$0.6 mb, respectively. The measured $Λ/π^+$ ratio from pC reaction is equal to (5.3$\pm0.8)*10^{-2}$. The experimental $Λ/π^+$ ratio in the pC reaction is approximately two times larger than the $Λ/π^+$ ratio from pp reactions or from simulated pC reactions by FRITIOF model for the same energy. The $Λ/π^+$ ratio in interaction C+C at momentum 10 Gev/c is four times larger than the $Λ/π^+$ ratio from p+p reactions at the same energy.
description: 9 pages, 3 figures
Global fits to the Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa matrix: unitarity condition method versus standard unitarity triangles approach
Creators: name: Dita, Petre
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The aim of the paper is to make a comparison between the unitarity condition method and the standard version of the unitarity triangle approach by using as parameters four independent moduli $|U_{ij}|$. This choice is motivated by the measurability property and leads to a simple criterion for the separation of unistochastic matrices from the double stochastic ones, whose fulfillment is the key point of any global fit for the CKM entries. In our formulation both the methods are exact, do not depend on any assumption as the smallness of some parameter and both can be used to global fits in the quark and fermion sectors. Monte Carlo simulations show that the separation criterion puts very strong conditions requiring a fine tuning of all the CKM matrix elements.
description: 13 pages
Strange magnetic moment of the nucleon and SU(3) breaking: group theoretical approach
Creators: name: Jido, D.
name: Weise, W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An extended group-theoretical approach to magnetic moments of the octet baryons is proposed with the aim of extracting the strange magnetic moment of the nucleon. Special attention is given to flavor SU(3) breaking. In this approach, isoscalar and isovector magnetic moments are treated separately in view of their different behavior under SU(3) breaking. We conclude that the anomalous magnetic moment associated with the flavor singlet current is small. Together with the small isoscalar anomalous magnetic moment of the nucleon, this implies suppression of the strange magnetic moment of the proton which is found to be small and positive, mu^(s) = (0.16 \pm 0.03) mu_N in units of the nuclear magneton.
description: 6 pages, no figure, 6 tables, use REVTeX4
Practical limitations in optical entanglement purification
Creators: name: Rohde, Peter P.
name: Ralph, Timothy C.
name: Munro, William J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Entanglement purification protocols play an important role in the distribution of entangled systems, which is necessary for various quantum information processing applications. We consider the effects of photo-detector efficiency and bandwidth, channel loss and mode-mismatch on the operation of an optical entanglement purification protocol. We derive necessary detector and mode-matching requirements to facilitate practical operation of such a scheme, without having to resort to destructive coincidence type demonstrations.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures
Scaling of the conductance in gold nanotubes
Creators: name: del Valle, Miriam
name: Tejedor, Carlos
name: Cuniberti, Gianaurelio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A new form of gold nanobridges has been recently observed in ultrahigh-vacuum experiments, where the gold atoms rearrange to build helical nanotubes, akin in some respects to carbon nanotubes. The good reproducibility of these wires and their unexpected stability will allow for conductance measurements and make them promising candidates for future applications . We present here a study of the transport properties of these nanotubes in order to understand the role of chirality and of the different orbitals in quantum transport observables. The conductance per atomic row shows a light decreasing trend as the diameter grows, which is also shown through an analytical formula based on a one-orbital model.
description: 5 pages, 6 figures
Effect of a tilted magnetic field on the orientation of Wigner crystals
Creators: name: Yang, Shi-Jie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the effect of a tilted magnetic field on the orientation of Wigner crystals by taking account of the width of a quantum well in the $z$-direction. It is found that the cohesive energy of the electronic crystal is always lower for the $[110]$ direction parallel to the in-plane field. In a realistic sample, a domain structure forms in the electronic solid and each domain orients randomly when the magnetic field is normal to the quantum well. As the field is tilted an angle, the electronic crystal favors to align along a preferred direction which is determined by the in-plane magnetic field. The orientation stabilization is strengthened for wider quantum wells as well as for larger tilted angles. Possible consequence of the tilted field on the transport property in the electronic solid is discussed.
Gravitational ultrarelativistic interaction of classical particles in the context of unification of interactions
Creators: name: Plyatsko, Roman
name: Bilaniuk, Oleksa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The response of the ultrarelativistic particle with spin in a Schwarzschild field to the gravitomagnetic components as measured by the comoving observer is investigated. The dependence of the particle's spin-orbit acceleration on the Lorentz γ- factor and the spin orientation is studied. The concrete circular ultrarelativistic orbit of radius r=3m is considered as a partial solution of the Mathisson-Papapetrou equations and as the corresponding high-energy quantum state of the Dirac particle. Numerical estimates for protons and electrons near black holes are given. A tendency of gravitational and electromagnetic interactions to approach in quantitative terms at ultrarelativistic velocities is discussed
description: 16 pages
The design and creation of a World-Wide Web site as a resource for ‘Human Factors in Information Systems Design’
Creators: name: Waldron, Alexia R.
Publisher: name: Loughborough University
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 89999 Information and Computing Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The design and creation of a World-Wide Web site as a resource for ‘Human Factors in Information Systems Design’
Dispersive photoluminescence decay by geminate recombination in amorphous semiconductors
Creators: name: Seki, Kazuhiko
name: Murayama, K.
name: Tachiya, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The photoluminescence decay in amorphous semiconductors is described by power law $t^{-delta}$ at long times. The power-law decay of photoluminescence at long times is commonly observed but recent experiments have revealed that the exponent, $delta sim 1.2-1.3$, is smaller than the value 1.5 predicted from a geminate recombination model assuming normal diffusion. Transient currents observed in the time-of-flight experiments are highly dispersive characterized by the disorder parameter $alpha$ smaller than 1. Geminate recombination rate should be influenced by the dispersive transport of charge carriers. In this paper we derive the simple relation, $delta = 1+ alpha/2 $. Not only the exponent but also the amplitude of the decay calculated in this study is consistent with measured photoluminescence in a-Si:H.
description: 18pages. Submitted for the publication in Phys. Rev. B
ESTIMATING THE ECONOMIC GAINS FROM LARGER TOMATO TRANSPLANT CELL SIZES
Creators: name: Roka, Fritz M.
name: Vavrina, Charles S.
name: Roka, Fritz M.
name: Vavrina, Charles S.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2000
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries

description: This paper examines the costs and economic benefits of utilizing larger seedling transplant in commercial vegetable production. Larger transplants have been shown to mature earlier and yield more premium graded fruit. Offsetting these benefits is the increased cost of producing larger transplants, primarily from reducing the capacity of a transplant house.
GROWTH PATTERN, SUSTAINABILITY AND TRADE IN A LAND CONSTRAINED ECONOMY
Creators: name: Irz, Xavier T.
name: Roe, Terry L.
name: Irz, Xavier T.
name: Roe, Terry L.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: International Development
subject: sustainability
subject: agriculture and growth
subject: dynamic general equilibrium model

description: This paper develops a two-sector model of growth where agriculture is considered explicitly. Key features of the model include: the reliance of agricultural production on a fixed but degrading resource base, the use by the farm sector of industrially produced inputs and differing rates of technological progress in the two sectors. On the demand side, the low income elasticity for food as well as the life-sustaining function of food consumption are recognized. In this simplified framework, the sustainability of growth can be related to the existence of a steady state reflecting the ability of the economy to feed its population. This property is used to identify the characteristics within and outside of agriculture conducive to the sustainability of a land-constrained economy. The empirical application identifies sub-Saharan Africa as the region of the world facing the most important challenges in terms of sustainability. The second part of the paper makes use of the transitional properties of the model to analyse the relationship between agricultural productivity and growth performance. For a closed economy, the model unambiguously supports the view that high agricultural productivity is conducive to fast growth and industrialization. Once the country is allowed to trade, however, the relationship becomes more complex, but a numerical experiment illustrates how trade liberalization can accelerate the growth of a country poorly endowed in agricultural resources.
MODELING SPATIAL DEPENDENCE AND SPATIAL HETEROGENEITY IN COUNTY YIELD FORECASTING MODELS
Creators: name: DiRienzo, Cassandra
name: Fackler, Paul L.
name: Goodwin, Barry K.
name: DiRienzo, Cassandra
name: Fackler, Paul L.
name: Goodwin, Barry K.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2000
Subjects: Productivity Analysis
Research Methods/ Statistical Methods

description: The implications of ignoring potential spatial dependence in county-level yield data are discussed. Spatial dependence in a county-level yield data set is identified and methods for correcting the dependence via spatial weighting matrices and generalized least squares regression are performed. The paper also examines how the spatial dependence declines as the distance between observations increases.
Cosmological constraints from galaxy clustering
Creators: name: Percival, Will J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this manuscript I review the mathematics and physics that underpins recent work using the clustering of galaxies to derive cosmological model constraints. I start by describing the basic concepts, and gradually move on to some of the complexities involved in analysing galaxy redshift surveys, focusing on the 2dF Galaxy Redshift Survey (2dFGRS) and the Sloan Digital Sky survey (SDSS). Difficulties within such an analysis, particularly dealing with redshift space distortions and galaxy bias are highlighted. I then describe current observations of the CMB fluctuation power spectrum, and consider the importance of measurements of the clustering of galaxies in light of recent experiments. Finally, I provide an example joint analysis of the latest CMB and large-scale structure data, leading to a set of parameter constraints.
description: 30 pages, 13 figures. Lecture given at Third Aegean Summer School, The invisible universe: Dark matter and Dark energy
Orbital polarons versus itinerant e_g electrons in doped manganites
Creators: name: Daghofer, M.
name: Oles, A. M.
name: von der Linden, W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study an effective one-dimensional (1D) orbital t-J model derived for strongly correlated e_g electrons in doped manganites. The ferromagnetic spin order at half filling is supported by orbital superexchange prop. to J which stabilizes orbital order with alternating x^2-y^2 and 3z^2-r^2 orbitals. In a doped system it competes with the kinetic energy prop. to t. When a single hole is doped to a half-filled chain, its motion is hindered and a localized orbital polaron is formed. An increasing doping generates either separated polarons or phase separation into hole-rich and hole-poor regions, and eventually polarizes the orbitals and gives a it metallic phase with occupied 3z^2-r^2 orbitals. This crossover, investigated by exact diagonalization at zero temperature, is demonstrated both by the behavior of correlation functions and by spectral properties, showing that the orbital chain with Ising superexchange is more classical and thus radically different from the 1D spin t-J model. At finite temperature we derive and investigate an effective 1D orbital model using a combination of exact diagonalization with classical Monte-Carlo for spin correlations. A competition between the antiferromagnetic and ferromagnetic spin order was established at half filling, and localized polarons were found for antiferromagnetic interactions at low hole doping. Finally, we clarify that the Jahn-Teller alternating potential stabilizes the orbital order with staggered orbitals, inducing the ferromagnetic spin order and enhancing the localized features in the excitation spectra. Implications of these findings for colossal magnetoresistance manganites are discussed.
description: 19 pages, 20 figures
A Novel Regularization Based on the Error Function for Sparse Recovery
Creators: name: Guo, Weihong
name: Lou, Yifei
name: Qin, Jing
name: Yan, Ming
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 49N45, 90C05, 90C26

description: Regularization plays an important role in solving ill-posed problems by adding extra information about the desired solution, such as sparsity. Many regularization terms usually involve some vector norm, e.g., $L_1$ and $L_2$ norms. In this paper, we propose a novel regularization framework that uses the error function to approximate the unit step function. It can be considered as a surrogate function for the $L_0$ norm. The asymptotic behavior of the error function with respect to its intrinsic parameter indicates that the proposed regularization can approximate the standard $L_0$, $L_1$ norms as the parameter approaches to $0$ and $\infty,$ respectively. Statistically, it is also less biased than the $L_1$ approach. We then incorporate the error function into either a constrained or an unconstrained model when recovering a sparse signal from an under-determined linear system. Computationally, both problems can be solved via an iterative reweighted $L_1$ (IRL1) algorithm with guaranteed convergence. A large number of experimental results demonstrate that the proposed approach outperforms the state-of-the-art methods in various sparse recovery scenarios.
FINANCING SMALL-FARM DEVELOPMENT IN INDIA
Creators: name: Baker, Chester B.
name: Bhargava, Vinay K.
name: Baker, Chester B.
name: Bhargava, Vinay K.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1974
Subjects: Agricultural Finance

description: Small farm credit is important in public programs of developing countries. It is supported to finance increased productivity through modernization and to replace the exploitive moneylender. However, expectations often exceed performance. Indian research suggests the discrepancy may be traced to failure to account for the needs of liquidity management. It suggests, too, that programs that are designed to account for liquidity management can lead to modernization and to improved viability of small farms as well.
A NOTE ON VICTORIAN WHEAT YIELD DISTRIBUTIONS
Creators: name: Ryan, Timothy J.
name: Ryan, Timothy J.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1974
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries

description: An analysis of wheat yield series from ten localities in Victoria was undertaken to investigate for independence of observations and to test for normality of the distributions. The conclusion was reached that Victorian wheat yield series are composed of random observations and form frequency distributions which display slight negative skewness. The situation may be different for other crops or for wheat in other areas.
New and known extinct species of Rhyzobius Stephens, 1829 shed light on the phylogeny and biogeography of the genus and the tribe Coccidulini (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae)
Creators: name: Szawaryn, Karol
name: Tomaszewska, Wioletta
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: Rhyzobius Stephens, 1829 is a diverse genus of ladybird beetles (Coccinellidae) with more than 100 extant species distributed in the Old World. Despite recent revision of that genus its internal classification has been unclear. However, based on morphological differences, four main evolutionary lineages could be expected, two distributed in Euro-African and two in the Australo-Oriental regions. The oldest representatives of Rhyzobius were described quite recently from early Eocene amber deposited in Oise, France. Three more species belonging to this genus were found in Baltic amber and are described here as R. groehni sp. nov., R. sontagae sp. nov. and R. szwedo sp. nov. In order to test the systematic placement of extinct taxa, a phylogenetic analysis was conducted, combining extant and extinct species of Rhyzobius. A dataset of 74 morphological characters scored for 29 recent and four extinct species across the genus Rhyzobius was analysed using maximum parsimony and Bayesian inference methods. This is the first morphology-based phylogeny of the genus Rhyzobius supporting the existence of four evolutionary lineages of modern taxa. All extinct taxa, from both the Oise and Baltic ambers, form a distinct group in the single clade within the African group of species. Based on the results of the phylogenetic analysis, a discussion on the historical biogeography of the genus is provided. https://zoobank.org:pub:7CAE0F5B-F03E-4E07-A59D-7985AB7B452F
On the distribution and representation of schwa in Sliammon (Salish) : descriptive and theoretical perspectives
Creators: name: Blake, Susan Jane
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: The goals of this dissertation are two-fold. My first major goal is descriptive, to contribute to the documentation of the Central Coast Salish language spoken by the Shammon, Klahoose and Homalco peoples. The primary source of data is my field notes collected from 1988 through 2000in consultation with Elders resident in Sliammon, B.C. My second major goal is theoretical, to deepen our understanding of the distribution and representation of schwa in Shammon. Schwa, often characterized as a brief "neutral" vowel with special properties cross-linguistically, is central to an understanding of Sliammon phonology andmorphology. In Chapter 2, it is hypothesized that schwa is featureless, and that it acquires its surface realization via colouration from adjacent consonants and vowels. The focus of Chapter 3 is on the prosodic structure of the language, and the independent hypothesis that schwa is also weightless. These generalizations are presented within the Nuclear Moraic Model of Shaw (1993, 1996).Chapter 4 focuses on schwa-zero alternations. Schwa is proposed to be non-lexical, and schwa epenthesis satisfies the constraint Proper Headedness which requires that a Foot contains a syllable which is headed by a vocalic Nucleus. Schwa epenthesis also satisfies the ban on stem-initial consonant clusters. This chapter also provides evidence that Full Vowel Reduction involves the loss of phonological weight (i.e. a mora). The output of Full Vowel Reduction is distinct from schwa in its featural representation, but identical to schwa in its prosodic representation. Although schwa epenthesis is driven by the constraints on Proper Headedness, there is also evidence that Shammon has a number of strategies which conspire to avoid schwa in stressed open syllables. Chapter 5 brings together different cases of this, and shows that they receive a unified explanation with reference to the constraint *ә́]σ, and its interaction with other constraints. Chapter 6 addresses two cases in which schwa epenthesis is systematically avoided: (i) the possessive -hV suffix and (ii) the plural /L'-/ prefix. Chapter 7 provides a synopsis of the descriptive and theoretical claims of the dissertation. Appendices IV-VII contribute to the basic documentation of Sliammon including: Consonant Contrasts, Root List, Lexical Suffixes, and Affixes/Clitics.