cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Compatibility for Probabilistic Theories
Creators: name: Gudder, Stan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We define an index of compatibility for a probabilistic theory (PT). Quantum mechanics with index 0 and classical probability theory with index 1 are at the two extremes. In this way, quantum mechanics is at least as incompatible as any PT. We consider a PT called a concrete quantum logic that may have compatibility index strictly between 0 and 1, but we have not been able to show this yet. Finally, we show that observables in a PT can be represented by positive, vector-valued measures.
description: 13 pages
The Universe as a Quantum Computer
Creators: name: Gudder, Stan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This article presents a sequential growth model for the universe that acts like a quantum computer. The basic constituents of the model are a special type of causal set (causet) called a $c$-causet. A $c$-causet is defined to be a causet that is independent of its labeling. We characterize $c$-causets as those causets that form a multipartite graph or equivalently those causets whose elements are comparable whenever their heights are different. We show that a $c$-causet has precisely two $c$-causet offspring. It follows that there are $2^n$ $c$-causets of cardinality $n+1$. This enables us to classify $c$-causets of cardinality $n+1$ in terms of $n$-bits. We then quantize the model by introducing a quantum sequential growth process. This is accomplished by replacing the $n$-bits by $n$-qubits and defining transition amplitudes for the growth transitions. We mainly consider two types of processes called stationary and completely stationary. We show that for stationary processes, the probability operators are tensor products of positive rank-1 qubit operators. Moreover, the converse of this result holds. Simplifications occur for completely stationary processes. We close with examples of precluded events.
description: 23 pages, 1 figure
Parent-Adolescent Sexual Communication and Adolescent Safer Sex Behavior: A Meta-Analysis
Creators: name: Widman, Laura
name: Choukas-Bradley, Sophia
name: Nesi, Jacqueline
name: Noar, Seth M.
name: Garrett, Kyla
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: Parent-adolescent sexual communication has received considerable attention as one factor that can positively impact safer sex among youth; however, the evidence linking communication to youth contraceptive and condom use has not been empirically synthesized.
Spin-wave localization in disordered magnets
Creators: name: Evers, Martin
name: Müller, Cord A.
name: Nowak, Ulrich
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The effect of disorder on magnonic transport in low-dimensional magnetic materials is studied in the framework of a classical spin model. Numerical investigations give insight into scattering properties of the systems and show the existence of Anderson localization in 1D and weak localization in 2D, potentially affecting the functionality of magnonic devices.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures; v2: references added, published version
The 100-m X-ray Test Facility at IHEP
Creators: name: Wang, Yusa
name: Zhao, Zijian
name: Hou, Dongjie
name: Yang, Xiongtao
name: Chen, Can
name: Li, Xinqiao
name: Zhu, Yuxuan
name: Zhao, Xiaofan
name: Ma, Jia
name: Xu, He
name: Chen, Yupeng
name: Wang, Guofeng
name: Lu, Fangjun
name: Zhang, Shuangnan
name: Zhang, Shu
name: Chen, Yong
name: Xu, Yupeng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The 100-m X-ray Test Facility of the Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP) was initially proposed in 2012 for the test and calibration of the X-ray detectors of the Hard X-ray Modulation Telescope (HXMT) with the capability to support future X-ray missions. The large instrument chamber connected with a long vacuum tube can accommodate the X-ray mirror, focal plane detector and other instruments. The X-ray sources are installed at the other end of the vacuum tube with a distance of 105 m, which can provide an almost parallel X-ray beam covering 0.2$\sim$60 keV energy band. The X-ray mirror modules of the Einstein Probe (EP) and the enhanced X-ray Timing and Polarimetry mission (eXTP) and payload of the Gravitational wave high-energy Electromagnetic Counterpart All-sky Monitor (GECAM) have been tested and calibrated with this facility. It has been also used to characterize the focal plane camera and aluminum filter used on the Einstein Probe. In this paper, we will introduce the overall configuration and capability of the facility, and give a brief introduction of some calibration results performed with this facility.
An Isometric Dynamics for a Causal Set Approach to Discrete Quantum Gravity
Creators: name: Gudder, Stan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a covariant causal set approach to discrete quantum gravity. We first review the microscopic picture of this approach. In this picture a universe grows one element at a time and its geometry is determined by a sequence of integers called the shell sequence. We next present the macroscopic picture which is described by a sequential growth process. We introduce a model in which the dynamics is governed by a quantum transition amplitude. The amplitude satisfies a stochastic and unitary condition and the resulting dynamics becomes isometric. We show that the dynamics preserves stochastic states. By "doubling down" on the dynamics we obtain a unitary group representation and a natural energy operator. These unitary operators are employed to define canonical position and momentum operators.
description: 18 pages, 1 figure
I Know What You Are Searching For: Code Snippet Recommendation from Stack Overflow Posts
Creators: name: Gao, Zhipeng
name: Xia, Xin
name: Lo, David
name: Grundy, John
name: Zhang, Xindong
name: Xing, Zhenchang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Stack Overflow has been heavily used by software developers to seek programming-related information. More and more developers use Community Question and Answer forums, such as Stack Overflow, to search for code examples of how to accomplish a certain coding task. This is often considered to be more efficient than working from source documentation, tutorials or full worked examples. However, due to the complexity of these online Question and Answer forums and the very large volume of information they contain, developers can be overwhelmed by the sheer volume of available information. This makes it hard to find and/or even be aware of the most relevant code examples to meet their needs. To alleviate this issue, in this work we present a query-driven code recommendation tool, named Que2Code, that identifies the best code snippets for a user query from Stack Overflow posts. Our approach has two main stages: (i) semantically-equivalent question retrieval and (ii) best code snippet recommendation. To evaluate the performance of our proposed model, we conduct a large scale experiment to evaluate the effectiveness of the semantically-equivalent question retrieval task and best code snippet recommendation task separately on Python and Java datasets in Stack Overflow. We also perform a human study to measure how real-world developers perceive the results generated by our model. Both the automatic and human evaluation results demonstrate the promising performance of our model, and we have released our code and data to assist other researchers.
Sexual Risk Behavior Among Virologically Detectable Human Immunodeficiency Virus–Infected Young Men Who Have Sex With Men
Creators: name: Kahana, Shoshana Y.
name: Mayer, Kenneth
name: Wilson, Patrick A.
name: Fernandez, Maria Isabel
name: Harper, Gary W.
name: Wilson, Craig M.
name: Hightow-Weidman, Lisa B.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) diagnoses continue to increase among young men who have sex with men (YMSM). Many YMSM living with HIV engage in sexual risk behaviors, and those who have a detectable viral load can transmit HIV to sex partners. Understanding factors that are related to sexual risk taking among virologically detectable (VL+) YMSM can inform prevention and treatment efforts.
Technical Q&A Site Answer Recommendation via Question Boosting
Creators: name: Gao, Zhipeng
name: Xia, Xin
name: Lo, David
name: Grundy, John
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Software developers have heavily used online question and answer platforms to seek help to solve their technical problems. However, a major problem with these technical Q&A sites is "answer hungriness" i.e., a large number of questions remain unanswered or unresolved, and users have to wait for a long time or painstakingly go through the provided answers with various levels of quality. To alleviate this time-consuming problem, we propose a novel DeepAns neural network-based approach to identify the most relevant answer among a set of answer candidates. Our approach follows a three-stage process: question boosting, label establishment, and answer recommendation. Given a post, we first generate a clarifying question as a way of question boosting. We automatically establish the positive, neutral+, neutral- and negative training samples via label establishment. When it comes to answer recommendation, we sort answer candidates by the matching scores calculated by our neural network-based model. To evaluate the performance of our proposed model, we conducted a large scale evaluation on four datasets, collected from the real world technical Q&A sites (i.e., Ask Ubuntu, Super User, Stack Overflow Python and Stack Overflow Java). Our experimental results show that our approach significantly outperforms several state-of-the-art baselines in automatic evaluation. We also conducted a user study with 50 solved/unanswered/unresolved questions. The user study results demonstrate that our approach is effective in solving the answer hungry problem by recommending the most relevant answers from historical archives.
The preformation probability inside Alpha-emitters having different ground state spin-parity than daughters
Creators: name: Seif, W. M.
name: Botros, M. M.
name: Refaie, A. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The ground-state spin and parity of a formed daughter in the radioactive Alpha-emitter is expected to influence the preformation probability of the Alpha and daughter clusters inside it. We investigate the Alpha and daughter preformation probability inside odd-A and doubly-odd radioactive nuclei when the daughter and parent are of different spin and/or parity. We consider only the ground-state to ground-state unfavored decays. This is to extract precise information about the effect of the difference in the ground states spin-parity of the involved nuclei far away any influences from the excitation energy if the decays are coming from isomeric states. The calculations are done for 161 Alpha-emitters, with Z=65-112 and N=84-173, in the framework of the extended cluster model, with WKB penetrability and assault frequency. We used a Hamiltonian energy density scheme based on Skyrme-SLy4 interaction to compute the interaction potential. The Alpha plus cluster preformation probability is extracted from the calculated decay width and the experimental half-life time. We discussed in detailed steps the effect of angular momentum of the emitted Alpha-particle on the various physical quantities involved in the unfavored decay process and how it is finally increases the half-life time. We found that if the ground states spin and/or parity of parent and daughter nuclei are different, then the preformation probability of the Alpha-cluster inside parent is less than it would be if they have similar spin-parity. We modified the formula that gives the Alpha preformation probability in terms of the numbers of protons and neutrons outside the shell closures of parent, to account for this hindrance in the preformation probability for the unfavored decays between ground states.
Alchemilla cinerea Buser, Bull. Soc.
Creators: name: Peruzzi, Lorenzo
name: Galasso, Gabriele
name: Domina, Gianniantonio
name: Bartolucci, Fabrizio
name: Santangelo, Annalisa
name: Alessandrini, Alessandro
name: Astuti, Giovanni
name: D'Antraccoli, Marco
name: Roma-Marzio, Francesco
name: Ardenghi, Nicola M. G.
name: Barberis, Giuseppina
name: Conti, Fabio
name: Bernardo, Liliana
name: Peccenini, Simonetta
name: Stinca, Adriano
name: Wagensommer, Robert P.
name: Bonari, Gianmaria
name: Iamonico, Duilio
name: Iberite, Mauro
name: Viciani, Daniele
name: Guacchio, Emanuele Del
name: Galdo, Gianpietro Giusso Del
name: Lastrucci, Lorenzo
name: Villani, Mariacristina
name: Brunu, Antonello
name: Magrini, Sara
name: Pistarino, Annalaura
name: Brullo, Salvatore
name: Salmeri, Cristina
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Rosales
Rosaceae
Alchemilla
Alchemilla cinerea

description: Alchemilla cinerea Buser, Bull. Soc. Dauphin. Échange Pl. s. 2, 3: 101. 1892. [1891 publ. after 14 January 1892]
 Ind. Loc.:—“ Région montagneuse et alpine des Alpes–Maritimes, de la Ligurie et de l’Apennin septentrional et toscan”. EST, LIG, TOS
 Type:—Not designated.
 Note:— In issue 3 of the Bull. Soc. Dauphin. Échange Pl., at the beginning, a letter is inserted from the editor with date 14 January 1892.
 Compiled by:— A. Pistarino
description: Published as part of Peruzzi, Lorenzo, Galasso, Gabriele, Domina, Gianniantonio, Bartolucci, Fabrizio, Santangelo, Annalisa, Alessandrini, Alessandro, Astuti, Giovanni, D'Antraccoli, Marco, Roma-Marzio, Francesco, Ardenghi, Nicola M. G., Barberis, Giuseppina, Conti, Fabio, Bernardo, Liliana, Peccenini, Simonetta, Stinca, Adriano, Wagensommer, Robert P., Bonari, Gianmaria, Iamonico, Duilio, Iberite, Mauro, Viciani, Daniele, Guacchio, Emanuele Del, Galdo, Gianpietro Giusso Del, Lastrucci, Lorenzo, Villani, Mariacristina, Brunu, Antonello, Magrini, Sara, Pistarino, Annalaura, Brullo, Salvatore & Salmeri, Cristina, 2019, An inventory of the names of native, non-endemic vascular plants described from Italy, their loci classici and types, pp. 1-215 in Phytotaxa 410 (1) on page 8, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.410.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/13716045
Non-manifold monodromy spaces of branched coverings between manifolds
Creators: name: Aaltonen, Martina
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 57M12, 30C65

description: By a construction of Berstein and Edmonds every proper branched cover f between manifolds is a factor of a branched covering orbit map from a locally connected and locally compact Hausdorff space called the monodromy space of f to the target manifold. For proper branched covers between 2-manifolds the monodromy space is known to be a manifold. We show that this does not generalize to dimension 3 by constructing a self-map of the 3-sphere for which the monodromy space is not a locally contractible space.
Spezifische Aspekte von Trainings pädagogischer Kompetenzen in Abgrenzung zu anderen Lehr-Lern-Situationen in der Lehrkräftebildung
Creators: name: Carnein, Oliver
name: Damnik, Gregor
name: Krause, Gabriele
name: Vanier, Dietlinde H.
Publisher: name: Universität Rostock
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 370 Education

description: Seit über 20 Jahren treffen sich Anfang März Hochschullehrer:innen, Lehrkräfte sowie Aus- und Weiterbildner:innen aus Pädagogik und Psychologie zur Jahrestagung der Arbeitsgemeinschaft Trainings von Unterrichts- und Sozialkompetenz (ATUS). Die ATUS-Tagung 2022 an der Uni Rostock fragte, wie sich Trainings von anderen Lehr-Lern-Situationen in der Lehrkräftebildung unterscheiden. Der vorliegende Band dokumentiert die auf der Tagung zur Diskussion gestellten Ansätze, Evaluationen, Forschungsbefunde und Konzeptionen, geordnet nach erziehungs-, unterrichts- sowie persönlichkeits- und kommunikationsorientierten Trainings.
Association of Neurocognition With Transition to Psychosis: Baseline Functioning in the Second Phase of the North American Prodrome Longitudinal Study
Creators: name: Addington, Jean
name: Seidman, Larry J.
name: Stone, William S.
name: Cornblatt, Barbara A.
name: Shapiro, Daniel I.
name: McGlashan, Thomas H.
name: Cannon, Tyrone D.
name: Bearden, Carrie E.
name: Perkins, Diana O.
name: Ronzio, Ashley
name: Woods, Scott W.
name: Cadenhead, Kristin S.
name: Walker, Elaine F.
name: Mathalon, Daniel H.
name: Woodberry, Kristen A.
name: Tsuang, Ming T.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: Neurocognition is a central characteristic of schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders. Identifying the pattern and severity of neurocognitive functioning during the “near-psychotic”, prodromal, clinical high-risk (CHR) state is necessary to develop accurate predictors of psychosis and more effective and potentially preventative treatments.
Design and operation of a setup with a camera and adjustable mirror to inspect the sense-wire planes of the Time Projection Chamber inside the MicroBooNE cryostat
Creators: name: Carls, Benjamin
name: Horton-Smith, Glenn
name: James, Catherine C.
name: Kubinski, Robert M.
name: Pordes, Stephen
name: Schukraft, Anne
name: Strauss, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Detectors in particle physics, particularly when including cryogenic components, are often enclosed in vessels that do not provide any physical or visual access to the detectors themselves after installation. However, it can be desirable for experiments to visually investigate the inside of the vessel. The MicroBooNE cryostat hosts a TPC with sense-wire planes, which had to be inspected for damage such as breakage or sagging. This paper describes an approach to view the inside of the MicroBooNE cryostat with a setup of a camera and a mirror through one of its cryogenic service nozzles. The paper describes the camera and mirror chosen for the operation, the illumination, and the mechanical structure of the setup. It explains how the system was operated and demonstrates its performance.
description: 15 pages, 13 figures
Federated Learning based Energy Demand Prediction with Clustered Aggregation
Creators: name: Tun, Ye Lin
name: Thar, Kyi
name: Thwal, Chu Myaet
name: Hong, Choong Seon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: To reduce negative environmental impacts, power stations and energy grids need to optimize the resources required for power production. Thus, predicting the energy consumption of clients is becoming an important part of every energy management system. Energy usage information collected by the clients' smart homes can be used to train a deep neural network to predict the future energy demand. Collecting data from a large number of distributed clients for centralized model training is expensive in terms of communication resources. To take advantage of distributed data in edge systems, centralized training can be replaced by federated learning where each client only needs to upload model updates produced by training on its local data. These model updates are aggregated into a single global model by the server. But since different clients can have different attributes, model updates can have diverse weights and as a result, it can take a long time for the aggregated global model to converge. To speed up the convergence process, we can apply clustering to group clients based on their properties and aggregate model updates from the same cluster together to produce a cluster specific global model. In this paper, we propose a recurrent neural network based energy demand predictor, trained with federated learning on clustered clients to take advantage of distributed data and speed up the convergence process.
description: Accepted by BigComp 2021
Reconditioning in Discrete Quantum Field Theory
Creators: name: Gudder, Stanley
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a discrete scalar, quantum field theory based on a cubic 4-dimensional lattice. We mainly investigate a discrete scattering operator $S(x_0,r)$ where $x_0$ and $r$ are positive integers representing time and maximal total energy, respectively. The operator $S(x_0,r)$ is used to define transition amplitudes which are then employed to compute transition probabilities. These probabilities are conditioned on the time-energy $(x_0,r)$. In order to maintain total unit probability, the transition probabilities need to be reconditioned at each $(x_0,r)$. This is roughly analogous to renormalization in standard quantum field theory, except no infinities or singularities are involved. We illustrate this theory with a simple scattering experiment involving a common interaction Hamiltonian. We briefly mention how discreteness of spacetime might be tested astronomically. Moreover, these tests may explain the existence of dark energy and dark matter.
description: 15 pages
A generalized detailed balance relation
Creators: name: Ruelle, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Given a system $M$ in a thermal bath we obtain a generalized detailed balance relation for the ratio $r=π_τ(K\to J)/π_τ(J\to K)$ of the transition probabilities $M:J\to K$ and $M:K\to J$ in time $τ$. We assume an active bath, containing solute molecules in metastable states. These molecules may react with $M$ and the transition $J\to K$ occurs through different channels $α$ involving different reactions with the bath. We find that $r=\sum p^αr^α$, where $p^α$ is the probability that channel $α$ occurs, and $r^α$ depends on the amount of heat (more precisely enthalpy) released to the bath in channel $α$.
description: 12 pages revised version Section 3 rewritten results unchanged
Sliding nanomechanical resonators
Creators: name: Ying, Yue
name: Zhang, Zhuo-Zhi
name: Moser, Joel
name: Su, Zi-Jia
name: Song, Xiang-Xiang
name: Guo, Guo-Ping
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The motion of a vibrating object is determined by the way it is held. This simple observation has long inspired string instrument makers to create new sounds by devising elegant string clamping mechanisms, whereby the distance between the clamping points is modulated as the string vibrates. At the nanoscale, the simplest way to emulate this principle would be to controllably make nanoresonators slide across their clamping points, which would effectively modulate their vibrating length. Here, we report measurements of flexural vibrations in nanomechanical resonators that reveal such a sliding motion. Surprisingly, the resonant frequency of vibrations draws a loop as a tuning gate voltage is cycled. This behavior indicates that sliding is accompanied by a delayed frequency response of the resonators, making their dynamics richer than that of resonators with fixed clamping points. Our work elucidates the dynamics of nanomechanical resonators with unconventional boundary conditions, and offers opportunities for studying friction at the nanoscale from resonant frequency measurements.
Effect of SMA Welding Electrodes on Mechanical and Corrosion of Low-Carbon Steel Joint
Creators: name: Malomo, Olasupo
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 401404
subject: Industrial engineering

description: In this work, the effect of Shielded Metal Arc (SMA) welding electrodes on mechanical and corrosion of low carbon steel joint was investigated. Commonly used electrodes types (Sample A: J-Wheel; B: Oerlikon and C: J-Danish) by local welders and fabricators were selected. Welded samples were prepared into standard test samples for hardness, impact and tensile tests. Subsequently, standard facilities were used to determine the mechanical properties. The welded low carbon steel joint of these samples were immersed in test media (2.81 % NaCl solution) for some exposure period of time (504 hours), and their weights were taken at intervals of 72 hours to evaluate their weight loss and corrosion rate. The outcomes of mechanical properties evaluated were in the order: (Control>B>C>A) in terms of ultimate tensile strength, percent elongation and the hardness at 24 hrs were in the order of (Control >A=B=C) and (C>B> Control>A) respectively. While and hardness at 504 hours was (C>B> Control >A). Hence, Sample B weldment showed superior mechanical properties and corrosion resistance than Samples A and C. Uniform corrosion was observed on the exposed test coupons as corrosion rates were highest during the initial stages but gradually reduced with increased exposure time. It was apparent that improper choice of electrode type could affect the mechanical properties and corrosion rate of low carbon steel joints.
Graded Expectations: Betti numbers and anti-lecture hall compositions of random threshold graphs
Creators: name: Engström, Alexander
name: Go, Christian
name: Stamps, Matthew T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Commutative Algebra (math.AC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: This paper examines the one-to-one-to-one correspondence between threshold graphs, Betti numbers of quotients of polynomial rings by $2$-linear ideals, and anti-lecture hall compositions. In particular, we establish new explicit combinatorial mappings between each of these classes of objects and calculate the expected values of the Betti numbers and anti-lecture hall composition corresponding to a random threshold graph.
description: 24 pages, 3 figures, and 4 tables
Contexts in Quantum Measurement Theory
Creators: name: Gudder, Stan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: State transformations in quantum mechanics are described by completely positive maps which are constructed from quantum channels. We call a finest sharp quantum channel a context. The result of a measurement depends on the context under which it is performed. Each context provides a viewpoint of the quantum system being measured. This gives only a partial picture of the system which may be distorted and in order to obtain a total accurate picture, various contexts need to be employed. We first discuss some basic definitions and results concerning quantum channels. We briefly describe the relationship between this work and ontological models that form the basis for contextuality studies. We then consider properties of channels and contexts. For example, we show that the set of sharp channels can be given a natural partial order in which contexts are the smallest elements. We also study properties of channel maps. The last section considers mutually unbiased contexts. These are related to mutually unbiased bases which have a large current literature. Finally, we connect them to completely random channel maps.
description: 19 pages
Two-loop Integral Reduction from Elliptic and Hyperelliptic Curves
Creators: name: Georgoudis, Alessandro
name: Zhang, Yang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that for a class of two-loop diagrams, the on-shell part of the integration-by-parts (IBP) relations correspond to exact meromorphic one-forms on algebraic curves. Since it is easy to find such exact meromorphic one-forms from algebraic geometry, this idea provides a new highly efficient algorithm for integral reduction. We demonstrate the power of this method via several complicated two-loop diagrams with internal massive legs. No explicit elliptic or hyperelliptic integral computation is needed for our method.
description: minor changes: more references added
Alchemilla effusa Buser, Neue Denkschr. Allg.
Creators: name: Peruzzi, Lorenzo
name: Galasso, Gabriele
name: Domina, Gianniantonio
name: Bartolucci, Fabrizio
name: Santangelo, Annalisa
name: Alessandrini, Alessandro
name: Astuti, Giovanni
name: D'Antraccoli, Marco
name: Roma-Marzio, Francesco
name: Ardenghi, Nicola M. G.
name: Barberis, Giuseppina
name: Conti, Fabio
name: Bernardo, Liliana
name: Peccenini, Simonetta
name: Stinca, Adriano
name: Wagensommer, Robert P.
name: Bonari, Gianmaria
name: Iamonico, Duilio
name: Iberite, Mauro
name: Viciani, Daniele
name: Guacchio, Emanuele Del
name: Galdo, Gianpietro Giusso Del
name: Lastrucci, Lorenzo
name: Villani, Mariacristina
name: Brunu, Antonello
name: Magrini, Sara
name: Pistarino, Annalaura
name: Brullo, Salvatore
name: Salmeri, Cristina
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Rosales
Rosaceae
Alchemilla
Alchemilla effusa

description: Alchemilla effusa Buser, Neue Denkschr. Allg. Schweiz. Ges. Gesammten Naturwiss. 34: 128(–130). 1895.
 Ind. Loc.:—“Alpes de la Savoie et de la Suisse (Probablement dans toute la chaîne alpine). Cévennes: Mont Aubrac (Coste 1894). Grèce septentrionale: Mt Oeta (Heldreich). 1. Vallée de Morgins: pente schisteuse au dessus de l’alpe Fontaine-Blanche en montant au Pas de Chésery, 1600–1700 m (Bus.) 2. Massif du Grand St-Bernard, repandu: entre du Val Menouve, La Pierraz, Barasson, pres de l’Hospice du cote Suisse; cantine de Fontainte, la Baux (Bus.)”. EST, VDA
 Type:—Not designated.
 Compiled by:— L. Bernardo
description: Published as part of Peruzzi, Lorenzo, Galasso, Gabriele, Domina, Gianniantonio, Bartolucci, Fabrizio, Santangelo, Annalisa, Alessandrini, Alessandro, Astuti, Giovanni, D'Antraccoli, Marco, Roma-Marzio, Francesco, Ardenghi, Nicola M. G., Barberis, Giuseppina, Conti, Fabio, Bernardo, Liliana, Peccenini, Simonetta, Stinca, Adriano, Wagensommer, Robert P., Bonari, Gianmaria, Iamonico, Duilio, Iberite, Mauro, Viciani, Daniele, Guacchio, Emanuele Del, Galdo, Gianpietro Giusso Del, Lastrucci, Lorenzo, Villani, Mariacristina, Brunu, Antonello, Magrini, Sara, Pistarino, Annalaura, Brullo, Salvatore & Salmeri, Cristina, 2019, An inventory of the names of native, non-endemic vascular plants described from Italy, their loci classici and types, pp. 1-215 in Phytotaxa 410 (1) on page 9, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.410.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/13716045
Four-manifolds of Pinched Sectional Curvature
Creators: name: Cao, Xiaodong
name: Tran, Hung
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53C25, 53C21, 53C20

description: In this paper, we study closed four-dimensional manifolds. In particular, we show that under various new pinching curvature conditions (for example, the sectional curvature is no more than 5/6 of the smallest Ricci eigenvalue) then the manifold is definite. If restricting to a metric with harmonic Weyl tensor, then it must be self-dual or anti-self-dual under the same conditions. Similarly, if restricting to an Einstein metric, then it must be either the complex projective space with its Fubini-Study metric, the round sphere or their quotients. Furthermore, we also classify Einstein manifolds with positive intersection form and an upper bound on the sectional curvature.
description: 20 pages, add a few remarks, references, and acknowledgement
Patterns of Nonrandom Mating Within and Across 11 Major Psychiatric Disorders
Creators: name: Mataix-Cols, David
name: Lichtenstein, Paul
name: Crowley, James J.
name: Larsson, Henrik
name: Nordsletten, Ashley E.
name: Almqvist, Catarina
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: Psychiatric disorders are heritable, polygenic traits, which often share risk alleles and for which nonrandom mating has been suggested. However, despite the potential etiological implications, the scale of nonrandom mating within and across major psychiatric conditions remains unclear.
Mitigating Health Disparities in EHR via Deconfounder
Creators: name: Liu, Zheng
name: Li, Xiaohan
name: Yu, Philip
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Health disparities, or inequalities between different patient demographics, are becoming crucial in medical decision-making, especially in Electronic Health Record (EHR) predictive modeling. To ensure the fairness of sensitive attributes, conventional studies mainly adopt calibration or re-weighting methods to balance the performance on among different demographic groups. However, we argue that these methods have some limitations. First, these methods usually mean a trade-off between the model's performance and fairness. Second, many methods completely attribute unfairness to the data collection process, which lacks substantial evidence. In this paper, we provide an empirical study to discover the possibility of using deconfounder to address the disparity issue in healthcare. Our study can be summarized in two parts. The first part is a pilot study demonstrating the exacerbation of disparity when unobserved confounders exist. The second part proposed a novel framework, Parity Medical Deconfounder (PriMeD), to deal with the disparity issue in healthcare datasets. Inspired by the deconfounder theory, PriMeD adopts a Conditional Variational Autoencoder (CVAE) to learn latent factors (substitute confounders) for observational data, and extensive experiments are provided to show its effectiveness.
Can we learn where people go?
Creators: name: Gödel, Marion
name: Köster, Gerta
name: Lehmberg, Daniel
name: Gruber, Manfred
name: Kneidl, Angelika
name: Sesser, Florian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In most agent-based simulators, pedestrians navigate from origins to destinations. Consequently, destinations are essential input parameters to the simulation. While many other relevant parameters as positions, speeds and densities can be obtained from sensors, like cameras, destinations cannot be observed directly. Our research question is: Can we obtain this information from video data using machine learning methods? We use density heatmaps, which indicate the pedestrian density within a given camera cutout, as input to predict the destination distributions. For our proof of concept, we train a Random Forest predictor on an exemplary data set generated with the Vadere microscopic simulator. The scenario is a crossroad where pedestrians can head left, straight or right. In addition, we gain first insights on suitable placement of the camera. The results motivate an in-depth analysis of the methodology.
description: Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Pedestrian and Evacuation Dynamics (PED2018) in Lund, Sweden, August 21-23, 2018 Paper No. 50, 8 pages, 5 figures
qNoise: A generator of non-Gaussian colored noise
Creators: name: Deza, J Ignacio
name: Ihshaish, Hisham
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce a software generator for a class of colored (self-correlated) and non-Gaussian noise, whose statistics and spectrum depend on two parameters, $q$ and $τ$. Inspired by Tsallis' nonextensive formulation of statistical physics, the so-called $q$-distribution is a handy source of self-correlated noise for a large range of applications. The $q$-noise -- which tends smoothly for $q=1$ to Ornstein--Uhlenbeck noise with autocorrelation $τ$ -- is generated via a stochastic differential equation, using the Heun method (a second order Runge--Kutta type integration scheme). The algorithm is implemented as a stand-alone library in C++, and is made available as open source in the Github repository. Noise' statistics can be specified handily; by only varying parameter $q$: it has compact support for $q<1$ (sub-Gaussian regime) and finite variance up to $q=5/3$ (supra-Gaussian regime). Once $q$ is fixed, noise' autocorrelation can be tuned independently by means of parameter $τ$. The presented qNoise generator provides a readily tool to modeling wide range of real-world noise types, and is suitable to study the effects of correlation and deviations from the normal distribution in systems of stochastic differential equations, key to understand system dynamics in numerous applications. The effect of noises' statistics on the response of a range of nonlinear systems is briefly discussed. In many of these examples, the systems' response turns optimal for some $q\neq1$. Hence, this paper aims to introduce qNoise generator for C++ at the class level and evaluate the kind of noise it generates, alongside their use in a range of applications.
Alchemilla firminiana Buser, Mem. Soc.
Creators: name: Peruzzi, Lorenzo
name: Galasso, Gabriele
name: Domina, Gianniantonio
name: Bartolucci, Fabrizio
name: Santangelo, Annalisa
name: Alessandrini, Alessandro
name: Astuti, Giovanni
name: D'Antraccoli, Marco
name: Roma-Marzio, Francesco
name: Ardenghi, Nicola M. G.
name: Barberis, Giuseppina
name: Conti, Fabio
name: Bernardo, Liliana
name: Peccenini, Simonetta
name: Stinca, Adriano
name: Wagensommer, Robert P.
name: Bonari, Gianmaria
name: Iamonico, Duilio
name: Iberite, Mauro
name: Viciani, Daniele
name: Guacchio, Emanuele Del
name: Galdo, Gianpietro Giusso Del
name: Lastrucci, Lorenzo
name: Villani, Mariacristina
name: Brunu, Antonello
name: Magrini, Sara
name: Pistarino, Annalaura
name: Brullo, Salvatore
name: Salmeri, Cristina
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Rosales
Rosaceae
Alchemilla
Alchemilla firminiana

description: Alchemilla firminiana Buser, Mém. Soc. Fribourg Sci. Nat., Bot. 2(4): 76(–77). 1907.
 Ind. Loc.:—“Alpes Maritimes italiennes: il Colle sur Limone, 2000 mettres. S. Grato, Valle de la Gordolasca, 1538 m. lieux humides au bord du lac.; Mont Mascaron, 1400 m., dans le haut du Val Pesio”. EST, PIE
 Type:—Not designated.
 Compiled by:— L. Bernardo
description: Published as part of Peruzzi, Lorenzo, Galasso, Gabriele, Domina, Gianniantonio, Bartolucci, Fabrizio, Santangelo, Annalisa, Alessandrini, Alessandro, Astuti, Giovanni, D'Antraccoli, Marco, Roma-Marzio, Francesco, Ardenghi, Nicola M. G., Barberis, Giuseppina, Conti, Fabio, Bernardo, Liliana, Peccenini, Simonetta, Stinca, Adriano, Wagensommer, Robert P., Bonari, Gianmaria, Iamonico, Duilio, Iberite, Mauro, Viciani, Daniele, Guacchio, Emanuele Del, Galdo, Gianpietro Giusso Del, Lastrucci, Lorenzo, Villani, Mariacristina, Brunu, Antonello, Magrini, Sara, Pistarino, Annalaura, Brullo, Salvatore & Salmeri, Cristina, 2019, An inventory of the names of native, non-endemic vascular plants described from Italy, their loci classici and types, pp. 1-215 in Phytotaxa 410 (1) on page 10, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.410.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/13716045
Bosons condensed in two modes with flavour-changing interaction
Creators: name: Hemmerich, Andreas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A quantum model is considered for $N$ bosons populating two orthogonal single-particle modes with tunable energy separation in the presence of flavour-changing contact interaction. The quantum ground state is well approximated as a coherent superposition (for zero temperature) or a mixture (at low temperature) of two quasi-classical states. In a mean field description, the systems realizes one of these states via spontaneous symmetry breaking. Both mean field states, in a certain parameter range, possess finite angular momentum and exhibit broken time-reversal symmetry in contrast to the quantum ground state. The phase diagram is explored at the mean-field level and by direct diagonalisation. The nature of the quantum ground state at zero and finite temperature is analyzed by means of the Penrose Onsager criterion. One of three possible phases shows fragmentation on the single-particle level together with a finite pair order parameter. Thermal and quantum fluctuations are characterized with respect to regions of universal scaling behavior. The non-equilibrium dynamics shows a sharp transition between a self-trapping and a pair-tunneling regime. A recently realized experimental implementation is discussed with bosonic atoms condensed in the two inequivalent energy minima $X_{\pm}$ of the second band of a bipartite two-dimensional optical lattice.
description: 12 pages, 12 figures, typo in Eq.(2) removed
Margaret Hillenbrand, Literature, Modernity, and the Practice of Resistance: Japanese and Taiwanese Fiction, 1960-1990.
Creators: Lupke, Christopher
Publisher: name: University of Alberta Library
Year: 2008

This is a review of Margaret Hillenbrand's pathbreaking comparative study of contemporary Japanese and Taiwanese fiction. It examines the postwar literary scenes as part of a larger phenomenon, a sort of Neo-Colonial framework she calls Pax Americana, under the hegemonic umbrella of the United States. The book covers the work of a dozen contemporary writers, six from Japan and six from Taiwan. This approach to the intraregional episteme of East Asia is the first of its kind and has set the tone for future books.
Population synthesis of accreting white dwarfs: II. X-ray and UV emission
Creators: name: Chen, Hai-Liang
name: Woods, T. E.
name: Yungelson, L. R.
name: Gilfanov, M.
name: Han, Zhanwen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Accreting white dwarfs (WDs) with non-degenerate companions are expected to emit in soft X-rays and the UV, if accreted H-rich material burns stably. They are an important component of the unresolved emission of elliptical galaxies, and their combined ionizing luminosity may significantly influence the optical line emission from warm ISM. In an earlier paper we modeled populations of accreting WDs, first generating WD with main-sequence, Hertzsprung gap and red giant companions with the population synthesis code \textsc{BSE}, and then following their evolution with a grid of evolutionary tracks computed with \textsc{MESA}. Now we use these results to estimate the soft X-ray (0.3-0.7keV), H- and He II-ionizing luminosities of nuclear burning WDs and the number of super-soft X-ray sources for galaxies with different star formation histories. For the starburst case, these quantities peak at $\sim 1$ Gyr and decline by $\sim 1-3$ orders of magnitude by the age of 10 Gyr. For stellar ages of $\sim$~10 Gyr, predictions of our model are consistent with soft X-ray luminosities observed by Chandra in nearby elliptical galaxies and He II 4686$Å/\rm{H}β$ line ratio measured in stacked SDSS spectra of retired galaxies, the latter characterising the strength and hardness of the UV radiation field. However, the soft X-ray luminosity and He~II~4686$Å/\rm{H}β$ ratio are significantly overpredicted for stellar ages of $\lesssim 4-8$ Gyr. We discuss various possibilities to resolve this discrepancy and tentatively conclude that it may be resolved by a modification of the typically used criteria of dynamically unstable mass loss for giant stars.
description: 13 pages, 12 figures, MNRAS accepted
Quantum 4d Yang-Mills Theory and Time-Reversal Symmetric 5d Higher-Gauge Topological Field Theory
Creators: name: Wan, Zheyan
name: Wang, Juven
name: Zheng, Yunqin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We explore 4d Yang-Mills gauge theories (YM) living as boundary conditions of 5d gapped short/long-range entangled (SRE/LRE) topological states. Specifically, we explore 4d time-reversal symmetric pure YM of an SU(2) gauge group with a second-Chern-class topological term at $θ=π$ (SU(2)$_{θ=π}$ YM), by turning on background fields for both the time-reversal (i.e., on unorientable manifolds) and 1-form center global symmetry. We find four classes of time-reversal and Lorentz symmetry-enriched SU(2)$_{θ=π}$ YM, labeled by $(K_1, K_2)$: $K_1=0,1$ specifies Kramers singlet/doublet Wilson line and new mixed higher 't Hooft anomalies; $K_2=0,1$ specifies boson/fermionic Wilson line and a new Wess-Zumino-Witten-like counterterm. Higher anomalies indicate that to realize all higher $n$-global symmetries locally on $n$-simplices, the 4d theory becomes a boundary of a 5d higher-symmetry-protected topological state (SPTs, as an invertible topological quantum field theory (TQFT) or a cobordism invariant in math, or as a 5d higher-symmetric interacting topological superconductor in condensed matter). By dynamically gauging the 1-form symmetry, we transform a 5d bulk SRE SPTs into an LRE symmetry-enriched topologically ordered state (SETs); thus we obtain the 4d SO(3)$_{θ=π}$ YM-5d LRE-higher-SETs coupled system with higher-form gauge fields. We further derive new exotic anyonic statistics of extended objects such as 2-worldsheet of strings and 3-worldvolume of branes, physically characterizing the 5d SETs. We discover triple and quadruple link invariants associated with the 5d higher-gauge TQFTs, hinting at a relation between non-supersymmetric 4d pure YM and topological links in 5d. We provide 4d-5d lattice simplicial complex regularizations and bridge to 4d quantum spin liquids. We constrain gauge dynamics by higher anomalies and a higher symmetry-extension method.
description: 87 pages. Sec 8 discusses both symmetry-extended TQFTs and symmetry-breaking TQFTs, agreeing with Cordova-Ohmori arXiv:1910.04962. See Primers: arXiv:1812.11968, arXiv:1812.11967, arXiv:1711.11587, arXiv:1705.06728 and Refs therein, also https://video.ias.edu/highenergy/2019/0419-JuvenWang. v4: More technical misprints/typos fixed