Bistriopelma peyoi Nicoletta & Chaparro & Mamani & Ochoa & West & Ferretti 2020, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Nicoletta, Micaela
name: Chaparro, Juan C.
name: Mamani, Luis
name: Ochoa, José A.
name: West, Rick C.
name: Ferretti, Nelson E.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Araneae
Theraphosidae
Bistriopelma
Bistriopelma peyoi

description: Bistriopelma peyoi sp. nov.
urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 9A64CE8C-D0A4-4100-A6E6-CC8C34BFC987
Figs 1–7, 14
Diagnosis
Males of B. peyoi sp. nov. can be distinguished from the other known species of Bistriopelma by a large projection of the cephalic region over a procurved fovea (Figs 1, 2 A–B) and by the tegulum of the palpal bulb with a short triangular basal projection (domed in the other known species) (Fig. 4 A–B). Females resemble B. matuskai in the absence of fovea (Figs 5 A–B, 6A–B) (present in B. lamasi, B. titicaca and B. kiwicha sp. nov.) and the undeveloped basal tubercles covered with maxillary cuspules (Fig. 6E) (developed in B. lamasi, B. titicaca and B. kiwicha sp. nov.), but differ by the color pattern with a patch of red hairs in the anterior dorsal abdomen (absent in B. matuskai, Kaderka 2015: fig. 21), the yellowish hairs on carapace margins and cephalic area (a small patch of rose hairs are present in cephalic area of B. matuskai, Kaderka 2015: fig. 21) and by the long red hairs on ventral coXae, trochanter and femora (absent in B. matuskai, Kaderka 2015: fig. 21) (Fig. 5 A–B), and by the presence of a posterior band of dark pubescence in maxillae (Fig. 6 D–E). In addition, females can be distinguished from the other known species by the spermathecal receptacles with large granules pointing outwards (Fig. 7).
Etymology
The specific epithet is a patronym in honor of the Belgian cartoonist Pierre Culliford (1928–1992), mostly known by his pseudonym ʻPeyoʼ, who created the comic strip ʻThe Smurfsʼ. The type locality of this new species is located near the Pampachiri Stone Forest, which is known as Smurf’s house because
of the conical rock formations. Moreover, the prominent projection of the cephalic region of the male resembles the shape of the Smurfs’ hats.
Material examined
Holotype
PERU • ♂; Apurimac, Aymaraes, Tapairihua, Ayamachay; 14°15′45.00″ S, 73°28′7.71″ W; 3861 m a.s.l.; 9 Dec. 2018; J.C. Chaparro, L. Mamani leg.; MUBI 73.
Paratypes
PERU • 3 ♀♀; Apurimac, Aymaraes, Tapairihua, Pampachiri; 13°55′37.79″ S, 73°26′4.94″ W; 4027 m a.s.l.; 8 Dec. 2018; J.C. Chaparro, L. Mamani leg.; MUBI 70.
Description
Male (holotype, MUBI 73)
COLORATION. Live specimens: Carapace dark covered with long yellow setae giving a ʻgoldenʼ aspect; abdomen black dorsally covered with long red hairs mainly on proximal region and on patches of urticating setae; spinnerets black; legs dark with pale yellow hairs mainly on femora, patellae and tibiae (Fig. 1). In ethanol: carapace reddish brown covered with long yellow setae giving a ʻgoldenʼ aspect mainly on cephalic region, central thoracic region and carapace margins; abdomen black covered with long pale setae and patch of long yellow setae on dorsal apical region with two dorsolateral patches of urticating setae, ventrally black with book lung markings and region above epigastric furrow light brown, spinnerets black; legs brown covered with pale setae, labium and maxillae yellowish brown, sternum brown (Fig. 2).
MEASUREMENTS. Total length, without chelicerae and spinnerets: 18.89. Carapace: length 8.87, width 8.59. Abdomen: length 9.22. Eye tubercle: length 1.19, width 1.52. Eyes sizes and interdistances: AME 0.17, ALE 0.38, PME 0.16, PLE 0.39, AME–AME 0.37, AME–ALE 0.16, PME–PME 0.70, PME–PLE 0.09, ALE–PLE 0.21. Labium: length 1.46, width 1.25. Sternum: length 4.09, width 3.91. Length of legs and palpal segments in Table 1.
CEPHALOTHORAX. Cephalic region with prominent projection over procurved fovea (Fig. 2 A–B). Clypeus very narrow. Anterior eye row procurved and posterior eye row recurved (Fig. 2H). Labium with 7 cuspules (Fig. 2G). MaXillae with 78–91 (right/left) cuspules (Fig. 2 F–G). Apical half of maXillae ventrally covered with short spiniform setae. Sternal sigillae small and narrow, located near coxa III (elongated), II and I (oval). All sigillae distant about 2 diameters from margin. Chelicerae with 9 welldeveloped teeth on promargin of furrow and absence of tooth on retromargin.
ABDOMEN. Urticating setae: Type III located in two dorsolateral patches with elongated golden setae (Fig. 2C). Spinnerets: PMS, 0.74 long; PLS, three-segmented, 3.15 long.
LEGS AND PALPS. Leg formula: I> IV> II> III. All paired tarsal claws with 3–4 ventral teeth on each. Scopulae: Ventrally all tarsi fully scopulated. Tarsi I and II entire, III and IV divided by band of setae. Metatarsus I ⅓ scopulated, II ½ scopulated, III ½ scopulated, IV ⅓ scopulated. Dorsal face of all tarsi with two longitudinal rows of claviform trichobothria. Tibia I two-branched tibial apophysis: ventral branch with single strong apical spine and prolateral branch with single inner strong spine, of same length as branch (Fig. 3 C–D). Metatarsus I contacts apex of ventral branch of tibial apophysis when fleXed (Fig. 3C). Palps with cymbial lobes almost equal in sizes covered with long setae (Fig. 3 A–B). Tibia tapering to the apex.
SPINATION. Femora, patellae and tarsi of legs I–IV and palps 0. Tibiae: palp 0; legs: I 2r (apical), 1–1p, 1–1–1v; II 1–1–1–1–2–4v; III 1r (apical), 1–1p, 1–1v; IV 1r (apical), 1–1–2v. Metatarsi: I 1v (apical); II 1–1d, 1p (basal), 1–2v; III 1–1d, 1–1r, 1–1–1–1–2p, 1–2v; IV 1–1r, 1–1–1–1–1–2p, 1–2v.
PALPAL BULB. Bulb with narrow embolus projecting retrolaterally from tegulum, sigmoidly curved, and two close subparallel smooth keels, PS and PI (Fig. 4 A–B). Tegulum with short triangular basal projection (Fig. 4A).
Female (paratype, MUBI 70)
COLORATION. Live specimen: Carapace dark covered with long yellow setae giving a ʻgoldenʼ aspect mainly on cephalic region and margins; abdomen black dorsally covered with long red hairs mainly on proximal region and on patches of urticating setae; spinnerets black; legs dark with reddish hairs mainly ventrally on femora, patellae and tibiae (Fig. 5 A–B). In ethanol: Carapace brown covered with long yellow setae giving a ʻgoldenʼ aspect mainly on cephalic region and carapace margins; abdomen black covered with long pale setae and patch of long yellow setae on dorsal apical region with two dorsolateral patches of urticating setae, spinnerets black; legs and sternum ventrally dark brown; labium and maxillae reddish brown (Fig. 6).
MEASUREMENTS. Total length, without chelicerae and spinnerets: 26.21. Carapace: length 9.27, width 8.30. Abdomen: length 12.92. Clypeus: 0.38. Eye tubercle: length 0.91, width 1.42. Eyes sizes and interdistances: AME 0.15, ALE 0.33, PME 0.16, PLE 0.36, AME–AME 0.32, AME–ALE 0.21, PME– PME 0.63, PME–PLE 0.06, ALE–PLE 0.23. Labium: length 1.36, width 1.91. Sternum: length 4.77, width 4.63. Length of legs and palpal segments in Table 2.
CEPHALOTHORAX. Carapace without fovea and cephalic region raised (Fig. 6 A–B). Anterior eye row slightly procurved and posterior eye row recurved (Fig. 6F). Labium with 11 cuspules (Fig. 6E). MaXillae with 99–105 (right/left) cuspules (Fig. 6E). Apical half of maXillae ventrally covered with short spiniform setae and dark pubescence on basal ventral maxillae (Fig. 6 D–E). Sternal sigillae small and narrow, located near coxa III (elongated), II and I (oval). All sigillae distant about 2 diameters from margin. Chelicerae with 8 well-developed teeth on promargin of furrow and 1 very small tooth on retromargin.
ABDOMEN. Urticating setae: Type III located in two dorsolateral patches with elongated golden setae (Fig. 6C). Spinnerets: PMS, 0.96 long; PLS, three-segmented, 3.61 long.
LEGS AND PALPS. Leg formula: I> IV> II> III. All paired tarsal claws with 3–4 ventral teeth on each. Scopulae: Ventrally all tarsi fully scopulated and not divided. Metatarsi I fully scopulated, II ⅔ scopulated, III ⅔ scopulated, IV ½ scopulated. Dorsal face of all tarsi with two longitudinal rows of claviform trichobothria.
SPINATION. Femora, patellae and tarsi of legs I–IV and palps 0. Tibiae: palp 2v (apical); legs I–IV 0. Metatarsi: I 1v (apical); II 2v (apical); III 1–1r, 1p; IV 1–1r, 1p (apical), 3v (apical).
SPERMATHECA. Two separated seminal receptacles with large granules, each distally ended with oval lobe pointing outwards without ventral projections (Fig. 7).
Distribution and natural history
Bistriopelma peyoi sp. nov. is known from Pampachiri and Ayamachai (Figs 5C, 14), Department Apurimac, Peru, at elevations from 3861 to 4027 m a.s.l, and both are separated by 37 km in a straight line. Specimens were collected during the rainy season (December), under rocks, between bushes and rocky areas (Fig. 5C). This species inhabits high Andean puna, where most of the area was covered by pasturelands and introduced pine trees. Throughout the area we could find small villages, farming, and grazing activities of cows and sheep.
description: Published as part of Nicoletta, Micaela, Chaparro, Juan C., Mamani, Luis, Ochoa, José A., West, Rick C. & Ferretti, Nelson E., 2020, Two new endemic species of Bistriopelma (Araneae: Theraphosidae) from Peru, including a new remarkable horned tarantula, pp. 1-20 in European Journal of Taxonomy 644 on pages 3-10, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2020.644, http://zenodo.org/record/3822142