cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: Active vascular contrast extravasation in abdominal trauma - MDCT evaluation
Creators: name: NAIR, NIKHIL
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Abdominal Viscera
subject: Abdomen
subject: Arteries / Aorta
subject: CT
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Acute
subject: Trauma
subject: Not applicable
subject: Observational
subject: Performed at one institution

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: To discuss the importance of timely and accurate detection of active vascular contrast extravasation in blunt abdominal trauma based on MDCT evaluation. Todescribe the three common and readily identifiable patterns of active vascular contrast...
Losing Legitimacy in Syria
Creators: name: Mitchell, Lincoln A.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2011
Subjects: International relations

description: Secretary of State Hillary Clinton's recent comments that Syrian President Bashar al-Assad as has "lost legitimacy" suggest that the U.S. may pursue a more aggressive policy in Syria. Assad has presided over a repressive and authoritarian regime since coming to power in 2000, following almost 30 years of a similarly repressive regime in Syria led by al-Assad's father, Hafez al-Assad. In the last few weeks and months, al-Assad has become even more brutal as his regime cracks down on demonstrations and demands for more freedom following similar movements in other North African countries.
Velocity-Enhanced Decoherence: A Criterion for the Quantum-to-Classical Transition
Creators: name: arrabal, humberto
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: This thesis introduces an enhanced model for the quantum-to-classical transition by incorporating particle velocity into the decoherence framework. Traditionally, this transition has been explained through environmental interactions that cause quantum systems to lose coherence and collapse into classical states. This research proposes that particle velocity significantly accelerates decoherence, leading to a more rapid transition to classical behavior. By integrating Einstein's relativistic energy equation, classical mechanics, the de Broglie wavelength, and environmental variables such as temperature and pressure, the model identifies a critical velocity threshold beyond which quantum effects become negligible, resulting in classical behavior. This theory is applied to cosmological phenomena, including the early universe's evolution, and experimental designs are proposed for empirical validation. The model’s predictions align with observed cosmological phenomena and suggest new experimental avenues for validating the theoretical framework. This refined approach offers new insights into the quantum-to-classical transition with implications for quantum computing and cryptography.
title: Endourology procedures for stone renovable and beyond: the role of radiologist.
Creators: name: Sierra Vinuesa, Ana
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Not applicable
subject: Not applicable
subject: Haemorrhage
subject: Calcifications / Calculi
subject: Acute
subject: Cystography / Uretrography
subject: Complications
subject: Catheters
subject: Fluoroscopy
subject: CT
subject: Interventional non-vascular
subject: Abdomen
subject: Genitourinary

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: To review the modern endourological procedures for urinary stones removal and the utilityof multidetector CT (MDCT) in their management. To learn about the advances in oncological endourology and our role as radiologists. To improve the quality of...
Square roots of perturbed subelliptic operators on Lie groups
Creators: name: Bandara, Lashi
name: ter Elst, A. F. M.
name: McIntosh, Alan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We solve the Kato square root problem for bounded measurable perturbations of subelliptic operators on connected Lie groups. The subelliptic operators are divergence form operators with complex bounded coefficients, which may have lower order terms. In this general setting we deduce inhomogeneous estimates. In case the group is nilpotent and the subelliptic operator is pure second order, then we prove stronger homogeneous estimates. Furthermore, we prove Lipschitz stability of the estimates under small perturbations of the coefficients.
Revisiting the Assumptions Behind American Foreign Policy
Creators: name: Mitchell, Lincoln A.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2011
Subjects: International relations

description: U.S. foreign policy since the end of the Cold War, and in many regards since end of World War II has rested on several assumptions not about the nature of the world or of the threats facing the U.S., but about the U.S. and America's perception of itself. Several key components of American foreign policy in its internationalist form including democracy promotion, foreign assistance generally, the unique role the U.S. seeks to play in global security issues, the U.S. military presence in almost every corner of the world, and the emphasis on human rights all are based upon the U.S. viewing itself as both able to make an impact and affluent enough to afford trying.
Structural and Electronic Properties of the 2D Superconductor CuS with 1 1/3-valent Copper
Creators: name: Mazin, I. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present first principle calculations of the structural and electronic properties of the CuS covellite material. Symmetry-lowering structural transition is well reproduced. However, the microscopic origin of the transition is unclear. The calculations firmly establish that the so far controversial Cu valency in this compound is 1.33. We also argue that recently reported high-temperature superconductivity in CuS is unlikely to occur in the stoichiometric defect-free material, since the determined Cu valency is too close to 1 to ensure proximity to a Mott-Hubbard state and superexchange spin fluctuations of considerable strength. On the other hand, one can imagine a related system with more holes per Cu in the same structural motif ($e.g.$, due to defects or O impurities) in which case combination of superexchange and an enlarged compared to CuS Fermi surface may lead to unconventional superconductivity, similar to HTSC cuprates, but, unlike them, of an $f$-wave symmetry.
description: typos corrected, a crystal structure figure added; some stylistic changes
What Vanuatu's Recognition of Abkhazia Might Mean
Creators: name: Mitchell, Lincoln A.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2011
Subjects: International relations

description: This past weekend the small Pacific Island country of Vanuatu announced that it would recognize the independence of Abkhazia, the disputed territory on the Black Sea which is viewed as independent by Russia, Nauru, Vanuatu, Venezuela and Nicaragua, but is seen as part of Georgia by most of the rest of the world. Abkhazia, along with South Ossetia, another polity which has broken away from Georgia, was recognized as independent states by Russia following the Russia Georgia war of 2008, but have struggled to receive broader recognition since that time. Russia is the patron of both Abkhazia and South Ossetia, but has not been able to persuade many states to join them in recognizing the independence of these two places.
title: Perforated abdominal organ in everyday practice
Creators: name: Aydın Kızılkum, Ceren
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Emergency Imaging
subject: Abdomen
subject: Emergency
subject: Gastrointestinal tract
subject: Conventional radiography
subject: CT
subject: Computer Applications-Detection, diagnosis
subject: Contrast agent-oral
subject: Localisation
subject: Acute
subject: Inflammation
subject: Retrospective
subject: Not applicable
subject: Performed at one institution

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: Aims of this educational poster are to review etiologies of gastrointestinal (GI) perforation, give a checklist for imaging features, document correct information to...
Angular fluctuations in the CXB: Is Fe 6.4 keV line tomography of the large-scale structure feasible?
Creators: name: Hütsi, Gert
name: Gilfanov, Marat
name: Sunyaev, Rashid
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: AGN are known to account for a major portion, if not all, of the cosmic X-ray background radiation. The dominant sharp spectral feature in their spectra is the 6.4 keV fluorescent line of iron, which may contribute to as much as ~ 5-10 % of the CXB spectral intensity at ~ 2-6 keV. Owing to cosmological redshift, the line photons detected at the energy E carry information about objects located at the redshift z=6.4/E-1. In particular, imprinted in their angular fluctuations is the information about the large-scale structure at redshift z. This opens the possibility of performing the Fe K_alpha line tomography of the cosmic large-scale structure. We show that detection of the tomographic signal at ~100 sigma confidence requires an all-sky survey by an instrument with an effective area of ~10 m^2 and field of view of ~1 deg^2. The signal is strongest for objects located at the redshift z~1 and at the angular scales corresponding to l ~ 100-300, therefore an optimal detection can be achieved with an instrument having a rather modest angular resolution of ~ 0.1-0.5 deg. For such an instrument, the CCD-type energy resolution of ~ 100-200 eV FWHM is entirely sufficient for the optimal separation of the signals coming from different redshifts. The gain in the signal strength that could potentially be achieved with energy resolution comparable to the line width is nullified by the photon counting and AGN discreteness noise. Among the currently planned and proposed missions, these requirements are best satisfied by LOFT, even though it was proposed for an entirely different purpose. Among others, clear detection should be achieved by WFXT (~ 20-35 sigma) and ATHENA (~ 10-20 sigma). eROSITA, in the course of its 4 years all-sky survey, will detect the tomographic signal only marginally.
description: minor additions, accepted for publication in A&A
Enabling Reproducible Research: Open Licensing for Scientific Innovation
Creators: name: Stodden, Victoria C.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2009
Subjects: Communication of technical information
Intellectual property

description: There is a gap in the current licensing and copyright structure for the growing number of scientists releasing their research publicly, particularly on the Internet. Scientific research produces more scholarship than the final paper: for example, the code, data structures, experimental design and parameters, documentation, and figures, are all important both for communication of the scholarship and replication of the results. US copyright law is a barrier to the sharing of scientific scholarship since it establishes exclusive rights for creators over their work, thereby limiting the ability of others to copy, use, build upon, or alter the research. This is precisely opposite to prevailing scientific norms, which provide both that results be replicated before accepted as knowledge, and that scientific understanding be built upon previous discoveries for which authorship recognition is given. In accordance with these norms and to encourage the release of all scientific scholarship, I propose the Reproducible Research Standard (RRS) both to ensure attribution and facilitate the sharing of scientific works. Using the RRS on all components of scientific scholarship will encourage reproducible scientific investigation, facilitate greater collaboration, and promote engagement of the larger community in scientific learning and discovery.
Velocity-Enhanced Decoherence: A Criterion for the Quantum-to-Classical Transition
Creators: name: arrabal, humberto
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: This thesis introduces an enhanced model for the quantum-to-classical transition by incorporating particle velocity into the decoherence framework. Traditionally, this transition has been explained through environmental interactions that cause quantum systems to lose coherence and collapse into classical states. This research proposes that particle velocity significantly accelerates decoherence, leading to a more rapid transition to classical behavior. By integrating Einstein's relativistic energy equation, classical mechanics, the de Broglie wavelength, and environmental variables such as temperature and pressure, the model identifies a critical velocity threshold beyond which quantum effects become negligible, resulting in classical behavior. This theory is applied to cosmological phenomena, including the early universe's evolution, and experimental designs are proposed for empirical validation. The model’s predictions align with observed cosmological phenomena and suggest new experimental avenues for validating the theoretical framework. This refined approach offers new insights into the quantum-to-classical transition with implications for quantum computing and cryptography.
DAMAGE ASSESSMENT OF HUMAN HEAD INSIDE THE STRUCTURE SUBJECTED TO BLAST LOAD
Creators: name: ZIRH, Ömer Faruk
name: BAGHERZADEH AZAR, AMIN
name: Sari, Ali
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 400510
subject: Structural engineering

description: In today's world, explosions are commonly encountered, both in terrorist bombings, in industry, and in daily life. The blast waves generated by the explosion cause structures and the human body to be exposed to critical impact loads. Serious injuries to different parts of the human body such as the brain, lung, heart, auditory system, eyes, abdominal region and musculoskeletal system due to the impact load can lead to fatal consequences. In this study, after mentioning explosion, types of explosives and types of blast injuries briefly, the effects of explosion on the human head are specifically mentioned. In this regard, the results obtained from the blast analysis performed on the human head model modeled in the Abaqus finite element program are presented.
Syria and the Libya Intervention
Creators: name: Mitchell, Lincoln A.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2011
Subjects: International relations

description: The criticism of the intervention in NATO on the grounds that if the west intervenes to stop mass killings in Libya, they should do it everywhere else as well, is troubling because the corollary is that if the west cannot stop mass killing somewhere, it shouldn‘t try to do it anywhere. Nonetheless, the intervention in Libya sets a precedent and creates expectations in the region that can create problems for the U.S. and its European allies.
title: Vittefleur_Arbre_34
Creators: name: Galinand, Cyrille
name: Université Paris1 Panthéon-Sorbonne
Publisher: name: Archeovision
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: arborglyphe

description: arborglyphe
description: 1 fichier 3D (ply), 33 fichiers image (jpg)
How the World Changed and Who Changed It After September 11th
Creators: name: Mitchell, Lincoln A.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2011
Subjects: International relations

description: On September 11th, 2001 during the long walk from the office a few blocks from Ground Zero where I had begun my day to my home in Northern Manhattan, it was obvious that the attacks in Lower Manhattan and, as we later learned, Washington DC, had changed the world and the U.S. During those first weeks and months when much of Lower Manhattan was inaccessible and the paper kept printing the names of the dead, everybody in New York was aware that the world, and our city, was not going to ever be the same.
The Legal Framework for Reproducible Scientific Research: Licensing and Copyright
Creators: name: Stodden, Victoria C.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2009
Subjects: Communication of technical information
Intellectual property

description: As computational researchers increasingly make their results available in a reproducible way, and often outside the traditional journal publishing mechanism, questions naturally arise with regard to copyright, subsequent use and citation, and ownership rights in general. The growing number of scientists who release their research publicly face a gap in the current licensing and copyright structure, particularly on the Internet. Scientific research produces more than the final paper: The code, data structures, experimental design and parameters, documentation, and figures are all important for scholarship communication and result replication. The author proposes the reproducible research standard for scientific researchers to use for all components of their scholarship that should encourage reproducible scientific investigation through attribution, facilitate greater collaboration, and promote engagement of the larger community in scientific learning and discovery.
Instrument deployment through Fimbul Ice Shelf borehole (Milestone MS4)
Creators: name: Nicholls, Keith
name: Davis, Peter
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Task 2.4 "Observing the ocean beneath the sea ice fasten to grounded icebergs" is to deploy oceanographic instrumentation into the water column beneath Fimbul Ice Shelf, with the aim of studying the interaction between the base of the ice shelf and the ocean. This milestone report explains the work planned and performed during the 2023-24 Antarctic season.
title: Pancreatic adenocarcinoma: to be or not to be resectable? A pictorial review.
Creators: name: Petresc, Bianca
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Performed at one institution
subject: Not applicable
subject: Cancer
subject: Staging
subject: Contrast agent-intravenous
subject: CT
subject: Pancreas
subject: Oncology
subject: Abdomen
subject: Abdominal Viscera

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: To correctly stage pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma depending on the presence or absence of vascular invasion. To discuss the imaging aspects in resectable, unresectable and borderline resectable...
Inelastic electron backscattering in a generic helical edge channel
Creators: name: Schmidt, Thomas L.
name: Rachel, Stephan
name: von Oppen, Felix
name: Glazman, Leonid I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We evaluate the low-temperature conductance of a weakly interacting one-dimensional helical liquid without axial spin symmetry. The lack of that symmetry allows for inelastic backscattering of a single electron, accompanied by forward-scattering of another. This joint effect of weak interactions and potential scattering off impurities results in a temperature-dependent deviation from the quantized conductance, $δG \propto T^4$. In addition, $δG$ is sensitive to the position of the Fermi level. We determine numerically the parameters entering our generic model for the Bernevig-Hughes-Zhang Hamiltonian of a HgTe/CdTe quantum well in the presence of Rashba spin-orbit coupling.
description: 4+ pages, 3 figures, published version
Additional file 1 of Integrated biomarker profiling of the metabolome associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus among Tibetan in China
Creators: name: Meng, Jinli
name: Huang, Fangfang
name: Shi, Jing
name: Zhang, Chenghui
name: Feng, Li
name: Wang, Suyuan
name: Li, Hengyan
name: Guo, Yongyue
name: Hu, Xin
name: Li, Xiaomei
name: He, Wanlin
name: Cheng, Jian
name: Wu, Yunhong
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Supplementary Material 1
title: Imaging of paediatric hepatic tumors
Creators: name: Kammoun, Amina
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Performed at one institution
subject: Diagnostic or prognostic study
subject: Retrospective
subject: Cancer
subject: Contrast agent-intravenous
subject: Ultrasound-Colour Doppler
subject: CT
subject: Conventional radiography
subject: Liver
subject: Abdominal Viscera

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: ·To review the imaging findings of the most frequent hepatic tumors in...
title: MRI findings in cases of Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody disease patients
Creators: name: Barelikar, Gargi
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Neuro
subject: Neuroradiology brain
subject: Neuroradiology peripheral nerve
subject: MR
subject: Imaging sequences
subject: Inflammation
subject: Prospective
subject: Cross-sectional study
subject: Performed at one institution

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: To describe MRI findings in patients presenting with MOG-Ab (Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein antibody) positive demyelinating disease. Identify the differentiating features of MOG-Ab disease and a similar more common demyelinating condition...
Open science: policy implications for the evolving phenomenon of user-led scientific innovation
Creators: name: Stodden, Victoria C.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2010
Subjects: Communication of technical information
Information science

description: From contributions of astronomy data and DNA sequences to disease treatment research, scientific activity by non-scientists is a real and emergent phenomenon, and raising policy questions. This involvement in science can be understood as an issue of access to publications, code, and data that facilitates public engagement in the research process, thus appropriate policy to support the associated welfare enhancing benefits is essential. Current legal barriers to citizen participation can be alleviated by scientists' use of the "Reproducible Research Standard," thus making the literature, data, and code associated with scientific results accessible. The enterprise of science is undergoing deep and fundamental changes, particularly in how scientists obtain results and share their work: the promise of open research dissemination held by the Internet is gradually being fulfilled by scientists. Contributions to science from beyond the ivory tower are forcing a rethinking of traditional models of knowledge generation, evaluation, and communication. The notion of a scientific "peer" is blurred with the advent of lay contributions to science raising questions regarding the concepts of peer-review and recognition. New collaborative models are emerging around both open scientific software and the generation of scientific discoveries that bear a similarity to open innovation models in other settings. Public engagement in science can be understood as an issue of access to knowledge for public involvement in the research process, facilitated by appropriate policy to support the welfare enhancing benefits deriving from citizen-science.
WebSOS: An Overlay-based System For Protecting Web Servers From Denial of Service Attacks
Creators: name: Stavrou, Angelos
name: Cook, Debra L.
name: Morein, William G.
name: Keromytis, Angelos D.
name: Misra, Vishal
name: Rubenstein, Daniel Stuart
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2005
Subjects: Computer science

description: We present WebSOS, a novel overlay-based architecture that provides guaranteed access to a web server that is targeted by a denial of service (DoS) attack. Our approach exploits two key characteristics of the web environment: its design around a human–centric interface, and the extensibility inherent in many browsers through downloadable "applets." We guarantee access to a web server for a large number of previously unknown users, without requiring pre-existing trust relationships between users and the system, by using reverse Graphic Turing Tests. Furthermore, our system makes it easy for service providers to charge users, providing incentives to a commercial offering of the service. Users can dynamically decide whether to use the WebSOS overlay, based on the prevailing network conditions. Our prototype requires no modifications to either servers or browsers, and makes use of Graphical Turing Tests, web proxies, and client authentication using the SSL/TLS protocol, all readily supported by modern browsers. We then extend this system with a credential-based micropayment scheme that combines access control and payment authorization in one operation. Turing tests ensure that malicious code, such as a worm, cannot abuse a user's micropayment wallet. We use the WebSOS prototype to conduct a performance evaluation over the Internet using PlanetLab, a testbed for experimentation with network overlays. We determine the end-to-end latency using both a chord-based approach and our shortcut extension. Our evaluation shows the latency increase by a factor of 7 and 2 respectively, confirming our simulation results.
Main Study Preregistration 2
Creators: name: Imada, Hirotaka
name: Tsudaka,
name: Yamamoto, Akitomo
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences

description: We failed to collect as many participants as we aimed for the previous preregistered study. We decided to dump the study and re-run it in another unviersity participant pool.
title: RECIST in the era of molecular oncology
Creators: name: Gerwing, Mirjam
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Oncologic Imaging
subject: Oncology
subject: CT
subject: MR
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Treatment effects
subject: Biological effects
subject: Cancer
subject: Molecular, genomics and proteomics
subject: Not applicable

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: To understand why Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST) has major limitations to assess treatment to novel targeted therapies To learn which imaging approaches provide more accurate information about the specific tumor...
title: U.S. Federal panel on agency, inter-agency, and international environmental justice initiatives
title: U.S. Department of Energy: strengthening tribal communities, sustaining future generations
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Pierce, Lizana
Publisher: name: Mountain Scholar
Year: 2017
Subjects: Indian Country
energy resources
infrastructure development
economic development
renewable energy
Department of Energy. Office of Indian Energy Policy and Programs

description: Presented at the Environmental justice in the Anthropocene symposium held on April 24-25, 2017 at the Lory Student Center, Colorado State University, Fort Collins Colorado. This symposium aims to bring together academics (faculty and graduate students), independent researchers, community and movement activists, and regulatory and policy practitioners from across disciplines, research areas, perspectives, and different countries. Our overarching goal is to build on several decades of EJ research and practice to address the seemingly intractable environmental and ecological problems of this unfolding era. How can we explore EJ amongst humans and between nature and humans, within and across generations, in an age when humans dominate the landscape? How can we better understand collective human dominance without obscuring continuing power differentials and inequities within and between human societies? What institutional and governance innovations can we adopt to address existing challenges and to promote just transitions and futures?
description: Includes bibliographical references.
description: Indian Country consists of 567 federally recognized Indian tribes including Alaska Native villages, over 200 Alaska Native village and regional corporations, and other tribal and intertribal organizations and associations. Staggering gaps exist between tribal communities and the rest of the Nation. Specifically, • Native Americans are three (3) times as likely to live in overcrowded housing and with inadequate infrastructure (plumbing, sewage systems, water treatment, electrical, and broadband) • About one in four (4) American Indians and Alaska Natives (27%) live in poverty • Unemployment rates are twice (2X) as high as those among non-Indians nationally • More than 175 remote Alaska Native villages rely almost exclusively on diesel fuel for electricity and heating oil for heat. In some communities, electricity costs exceed $1.00/kilowatt-hour; more than eight (8) times the national average of $0.12/ kilowatt-hour • 14.2 percent of tribal households lack access to basic electricity.
Crystalline Assemblies and Densest Packings of a Family of Truncated Tetrahedra and the Role of Directional Entropic Forces
Creators: name: Damasceno, Pablo F.
name: Engel, Michael
name: Glotzer, Sharon C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Metric Geometry (math.MG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Polyhedra and their arrangements have intrigued humankind since the ancient Greeks and are today important motifs in condensed matter, with application to many classes of liquids and solids. Yet, little is known about the thermodynamically stable phases of polyhedrally-shaped building blocks, such as faceted nanoparticles and colloids. Although hard particles are known to organize due to entropy alone, and some unusual phases are reported in the literature, the role of entropic forces in connection with polyhedral shape is not well understood. Here, we study thermodynamic self-assembly of a family of truncated tetrahedra and report several atomic crystal isostructures, including diamond, β-tin, and high- pressure lithium, as the polyhedron shape varies from tetrahedral to octahedral. We compare our findings with the densest packings of the truncated tetrahedron family obtained by numerical compression and report a new space filling polyhedron, which has been overlooked in previous searches. Interestingly, the self-assembled structures differ from the densest packings. We show that the self-assembled crystal structures can be understood as a tendency for polyhedra to maximize face-to-face alignment, which can be generalized as directional entropic forces.
description: Article + supplementary information. 23 pages, 10 figures, 2 tables
Reproducible Research in Computational Harmonic Analysis
Creators: name: Stodden, Victoria C.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2009
Subjects: Communication of technical information
Information science

description: Scientific computation is emerging as absolutely central to the scientific method. Unfortunately, it's error-prone and currently immature—traditional scientific publication is incapable of finding and rooting out errors in scientific computation—which must be recognized as a crisis. An important recent development and a necessary response to the crisis is reproducible computational research in which researchers publish the article along with the full computational environment that produces the results. The authors have practiced reproducible computational research for 15 years and have integrated it with their scientific research and with doctoral and postdoctoral education. In this article, they review their approach and how it has evolved over time, discussing the arguments for and against working reproducibly.
Countering DDoS Attacks with Multi-Path Overlay Networks
Creators: name: Stavrou, Angelos
name: Keromytis, Angelos D.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2006
Subjects: Computer science

description: Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS)
has emerged as a major threat to
the operation of online network services
[1, 2, 3]. Current forms of DDoS attacks
implicate multiple groups of Internet
machines that have been taken over
and controlled by an attacker. These
machines, called bots, are manipulated
by the attacker to produce an excessive
surge of traffic toward a target server,
the victim. The target server is forced to
processing and/or to link-capacity starvation,
since malicious traffic is blended
with normal traffic, making it difficult to
weed out. Figure 1 depicts a DDoS attack
and its impact on the target server.
Exploring Characteristic Velocity Scales for Quantum Interference.
Creators: name: ARRABAL, HUMBERTO
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: This article explores the concept of characteristic velocity scales relevant to the observation of quantumcoherence, particularly in interference phenomena. Motivated by the idea that dynamics influence quantum behavior, we examine velocity scales derived from fundamental principles like the de Broglie wavelength and the Heisenberg uncertainty principle. We propose a characteristic velocity, v_char ~ h/(mL), where m is the particle mass, h is Planck's constant, and L is a relevant length scale of the quantum system (e.g., path separation or confinement length).
Mutation Symmetries in BPS Quiver Theories: Building the BPS Spectra
Creators: name: Saidi, El Hassan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the basic features of BPS quiver mutations in 4D $\mathcal{N}=2$ supersymmetric quantum field theory with $G=ADE$ gauge symmetries.\ We show, for these gauge symmetries, that there is an isotropy group $\mathcal{G}_{Mut}^{G}$ associated to a set of quiver mutations capturing information about the BPS spectra. In the strong coupling limit, it is shown that BPS chambers correspond to finite and closed groupoid orbits with an isotropy symmetry group $\mathcal{G}_{strong}^{G}$ isomorphic to the discrete dihedral groups $Dih_{2h_{G}}$ contained in Coxeter$(G) $ with $% h_{G}$ the Coxeter number of G. These isotropy symmetries allow to determine the BPS spectrum of the strong coupling chamber; and give another way to count the total number of BPS and anti-BPS states of $\mathcal{N}=2$ gauge theories. We also build the matrix realization of these mutation groups $% \mathcal{G}_{strong}^{G}$ from which we read directly the electric-magnetic charges of the BPS and anti-BPS states of $\mathcal{N}=2$ QFT$_{4}$ as well as their matrix intersections. We study as well the quiver mutation symmetries in the weak coupling limit and give their links with infinite Coxeter groups. We show amongst others that $\mathcal{G}_{weak}^{su_{2}}$ is contained in ${GL}({2,}\mathbb{Z}) $; and isomorphic to the infinite Coxeter ${I_{2}^{\infty}}$. Other issues such as building $\mathcal{G}%_{weak}^{so_{4}}$ and $\mathcal{G}_{weak}^{su_{3}}$ are also studied.
description: LaTeX, 98 pages, 18 figures, Appendix I on groupoids added
title: Role of MRI with contrast enhancement in differential diagnosis of postmenopausal uterine bleeding (PMB)
Creators: name: Nenajdenko, Elizaveta
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Education and training
subject: Cancer
subject: eLearning
subject: Education
subject: MR-Diffusion/Perfusion
subject: MR
subject: Pelvis
subject: Oncology
subject: Genital / Reproductive system female
subject: Genitourinary
subject: Not applicable

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: To evaluate the algorithm and the role of MRI in the diagnosis of postmenopausal uterine bleeding...
Obama's New Old Middle East Policy
Creators: name: Mitchell, Lincoln A.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2011
Subjects: International relations

description: Last week President Obama gave a major policy speech on the Middle East which sought to present American policy and priorities to the world at a time of great change in the region. A wave of demonstrations has overthrown undemocratic regimes in some countries, contributed to civil conflict in others and been met by harsh government crackdowns in still others. Similarly, the killing of Osama Bin Laden, although not in the region, also is expected to have an impact on U.S. policy in the Muslim world more broadly.
Syria and the Other Lessons from 1989
Creators: name: Mitchell, Lincoln A.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2011
Subjects: International relations

description: It is difficult not to think of 1989, the year the Berlin Wall came down and Communist regimes throughout Eastern Europe collapsed, when watching the events in North Africa in 2011. Countries such as Egypt and Tunisia still have a long way to go before they complete successful democratic transitions like those in Poland, the Czech Republic or Hungary, but those Eastern European countries can be good models, and 1989 a good touchstone.
The role of BCR signalling and the gap junction protein Cx43 in B lymphocyte cytoskeletal rearrangements
Creators: name: Machtaler, Steven Brian Alfred
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2012

description: Regulation of the cytoskeleton is an essential process for normal B lymphocyte development and immune system regulation. Though this biological process is important to normal function, its regulation is not completely understood. An important receptor required to initiate antigen-mediated cytoskeletal rearrangements in B lympocytes is the B cell antigen receptor (BCR). This is a multimeric protein complex that contains two signalling proteins, Igα and Igβ, which become phosphorylated after antigen engagement leading to signalling cascades which result in cytoskeletal rearrangements and differentiation. The gap junction protein connexin43 (Cx43) is widely expressed in mammalian cells, forming intercellular channels for the transfer of small molecules between adjacent cells as well as hemichannels that mediate bidirectional transport of molecules between the cell and the surrounding environment. Cx43 has recently been shown to regulate cell adhesion and migration in neurons and glioma cells, biological processes dependent on the rearrangement of the cytoskeleton, however its role in B lymphocytes remains unknown. The aim of this thesis was to determine the importance of the B cell antigen receptor (BCR) member Igα and the gap junction protein connexin43 (Cx43) to the regulation of the B cell cytoskeleton. I show here that the cytoplasmic domain of Igα was necessary for maximal BCR-mediated cytoskeletal rearrangements, and that the cytoplasmic domain of Igβ was not sufficent to conferthis phenotype. In order to determine if Cx43 was required for B cell cytoskeletal rearrangements, both loss-of and gain-of-function approaches were used. I show that Cx43 was necessary for sustained BCR, integrin and chemokine-mediated Rap1 activation, as well as B cell spreading, adhesion, motility and migration. I also identified that the C-terminal domain of Cx43 was necessary for these processes, suggesting that this may be a site where proteins which regulate the cytoskeleton are recruited to. This thesis provides the first evidence that Cx43 is essential for regulation of the B cell cytoskeleton.
title: Foreign bodies- from impaction to perforation
Creators: name: Singh, Bhupendar
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Emergency Imaging
subject: Ear / Nose / Throat
subject: Gastrointestinal tract
subject: CT
subject: Complications
subject: Foreign bodies
subject: Retrospective
subject: Not applicable
subject: Performed at one institution

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: To describe the radiological findings of foreign bodies in the paediatric and adult population with a common site of impaction and perforation. To highlight the role of multimodality imaging approach for the detection and exact localization of...
Seesaw model in SO(10) with an upper limit on right-handed neutrino masses
Creators: name: Abud, M.
name: Buccella, F.
name: Falcone, D.
name: Oliver, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the framework of SO(10) gauge unification and the seesaw mechanism, we show that the upper bound on the mass of the heaviest right-handed neutrino $M_{R_3} < 3 \times 10^{11}$ GeV, given by the Pati-Salam intermediate scale of $B-L$ spontaneous symmetry breaking, constrains the observables related to the left-handed light neutrino mass matrix. We assume such an upper limit on the masses of right-handed neutrinos and, as a first approximation, a Cabibbo form for the matrix $V^L$ that diagonalizes the Dirac neutrino matrix $m_D$. Using the inverse seesaw formula, we show that our hypotheses imply a triangular relation in the complex plane of the light neutrino masses with the Majorana phases. We obtain normal hierarchy with an absolute scale for the light neutrino spectrum. Two regions are allowed for the lightest neutrino mass $m_1$ and for the Majorana phases, implying predictions for the neutrino mass measured in Tritium decay and for the double beta decay effective mass $||$.
description: 14 pages. Revised version with 3 figures
title: The value of the ultrasound of the knee. Is it really useful?.
Creators: name: Barba Arce, Ana Belén
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Not applicable
subject: Not applicable
subject: Trauma
subject: Prostheses
subject: Inflammation
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Comparative studies
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Musculoskeletal soft tissue
subject: Musculoskeletal joint
subject: Musculoskeletal bone
subject: Musculoskeletal

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: To describe the scanning system of knee ultrasound. To know the most frequent pathology that we can diagnose with ultrasound. To know the limitations of ultrasound in bone, cartilaginous and meniscal...
title: There's more to Prostate MRI than meets the PI-RADS
Creators: name: Lawson, Brooke
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Not applicable
subject: Not applicable
subject: Neoplasia
subject: Education and training
subject: Staging
subject: MR
subject: Pelvis
subject: Genital / Reproductive system male
subject: Genitourinary
subject: Not applicable

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: To provide a pictorial representation of the imaging characteristics of a range of extra-prostatic urological and non-urological incidental findings (IFs) that may be encountered on Multiparametric Prostate MRI (mp-MRI), and to provide pathological...
A Win for Tbilisi
Creators: name: Mitchell, Lincoln A.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2011
Subjects: International relations

description: If the Georgian government had scripted recent events in Abkhazia, and between Abkhazia and Vanuatu, it could not have gotten a better outcome than what has actually occurred. Vanuatu, a tiny Pacific Island state briefly recognized, or almost briefly recognized, Abkhazia in the beginning of June. Almost immediately after the announcement of the recognition there were rumors that the government of Vanuatu was back tracking as Vanuatu's Ambassador to the UN claimed to know nothing of the recognition. Georgia, of course, has continued to maintain that Abkhazia is part of Georgia. This view is supported by the U.S., the European Union and most of the world.
FIRMA NOMLARIGA NISBATAN MUTLAQ HUQUQLARNI HIMOYA QILISHNING O`ZIGA XOS XUSUSIYATLARI
Creators: name: Tursunova, Munira
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Mazkur tezisda bugungi kunda mamlakatimiz bozor iqtisodiyotini rivojlantirish imkoniyatlari, firma nomlariga nisbatan mutlaq huquqlarni himoya qilishning  o`ziga xos xususiyatlari haqida muallif tomonidan fikr mulohazalar keltirilgan. Qolaversa, mamlakatimizda firma nomlarining shakllanishi va rivojlanishiga bog'liq masalalariga alohida e'tibor qaratilgan.
title: 'Beauty Vlogging: Practices, Labours, Inequality'
Creators: name: Bishop, Sophie
Publisher: name: The University of East London
Year: 2018

description: This thesis investigates the practices and labours of beauty vloggers (video bloggers) and the
inequality sustained by these labours and practices. Beauty vloggers regularly produce
videos on themes including hair, beauty, fashion and relationships for their own stable, selfcontained,
branded YouTube channels. The literature on beauty vlogging has examined the
presentations of individual vloggers. In this thesis, I problematise the conception of beauty
vlogging as a solo endeavour, situating beauty vloggers in a wider vlogging industry, in the
specific geographic context of the UK. Through the lens of feminist political economy, I ask
how the organisational (macro) structures, in addition to (micro) frictional interactions
between industry stakeholders co-produce beauty vloggers’ symbolic content.
Analysis is informed by a wider three-year ethnographic study of British ‘A List’ vloggers on
YouTube, conducted between 2015-2018, drawing from the “messy web” of research sites
(Postill & Pink, 2012: 125). Ethnography thus encompasses digital, and offline elements, that
make up the complexity and embodied nature of long term analysis of spaces contingent to
platforms. I also conducted semi-structured interviews with beauty vloggers and
stakeholders.
Through ‘zooming out’ from analysis of the independent beauty vlogger this thesis considers
how YouTube’s multisided markets, algorithms and their interpretations, the subjective
decisions of talent management organisations, relationships with advertisers, authenticity
discourses and alignment with existing creative industries and intermediaries all shaped the
content that becomes visible on YouTube.
iii
Very few women are able to create a sustainable career through YouTube production,
although YouTube is increasingly promoted as a pathway to creative employment. In this
thesis I counter YouTube’s self-definition as an ‘open platform’. I argue that organisational
structures and interactions between stakeholders assign visibility and reify existing lines of
societal inequalities, in addition to rewarding the production of commercial and feminised
content in the vlogging industry.
A crossed vortex bottle beam trap for single-atom qubits
Creators: name: Li, G.
name: Zhang, S.
name: Isenhower, L.
name: Maller, K.
name: Saffman, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate trapping and quantum state control of single Cesium atoms in a 532 nm wavelength bottle beam trap. The three dimensional trap is formed by crossing two unit charge vortex beams. Single atoms are loaded with 50% probability directly from a magneto-optical trap. We achieve a trapping lifetime of up to 6 s, and demonstrate fast Rabi oscillations with a coherence time of $T_2\sim 43 \pm 9\rm ms$.
description: 5 figures, minor edits to text and figures, to appear opt. lett