cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: ÐÐ¿ÑÐµÐ´ÐµÐ»ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ðµ Ð¾ÑÐ½Ð¾Ð²Ð½ÑÑ Ð³ÐµÐ¾Ð¼ÐµÑÑÐ¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¸Ñ Ð¸ ÑÐµÐ¿Ð»Ð¾Ð³Ð¸Ð´ÑÐ°Ð²Ð»Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¸Ñ Ñ Ð°ÑÐ°ÐºÑÐµÑÐ¸ÑÑÐ¸Ðº ÑÐ¸ÑÑÐµÐ¼Ñ Ð¾Ñ Ð»Ð°Ð¶Ð´ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ ÑÐ°Ñ ÑÑ Ð´Ð»Ñ ÑÐµÐ°ÐºÑÐ¾ÑÐ° ÑÐ¸Ð¿Ð° ÐÐ¢ÐÐ
title: Ð²ÑÐ¿ÑÑÐºÐ½Ð°Ñ ÐºÐ²Ð°Ð»Ð¸ÑÐ¸ÐºÐ°ÑÐ¸Ð¾Ð½Ð½Ð°Ñ ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐ° ÑÐ¿ÐµÑÐ¸Ð°Ð»Ð¸ÑÑÐ°
titleType: Subtitle
title: Determination of a basic geometric and thermohydraulic characteristics of the shaft cooling system for HTGR
Creators: name: ÐÐ¸ÐºÐ¸ÑÐ¸Ð½, ÐÐ¸ÑÐ¸Ð»Ð»
Publisher: name: Ð¡Ð°Ð½ÐºÑ-ÐÐµÑÐµÑÐ±ÑÑÐ³ÑÐºÐ¸Ð¹ Ð¿Ð¾Ð»Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐ½Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¸Ð¹ ÑÐ½Ð¸Ð²ÐµÑÑÐ¸ÑÐµÑ ÐÐµÑÑÐ° ÐÐµÐ»Ð¸ÐºÐ¾Ð³Ð¾
Year: 2025
Subjects: Ð²ÑÑÐ¾ÐºÐ¾ÑÐµÐ¼Ð¿ÐµÑÐ°ÑÑÑÐ½ÑÐ¹ Ð³Ð°Ð·Ð¾Ð¾Ñ Ð»Ð°Ð¶Ð´Ð°ÐµÐ¼ÑÐ¹ ÑÐµÐ°ÐºÑÐ¾Ñ
ÑÐ¸ÑÑÐµÐ¼Ð° Ð¾Ñ Ð»Ð°Ð¶Ð´ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ ÑÐ°Ñ ÑÑ ÑÐµÐ°ÐºÑÐ¾ÑÐ°
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Ð²Ð¾Ð·Ð´ÑÑÐ½ÑÐ¹ Ð·Ð°Ð·Ð¾Ñ
ÑÐµÐ¿Ð»Ð¾Ð¸Ð·Ð¾Ð»ÑÑÐ¸Ñ
Ð±ÐµÑÐ¾Ð½
high-temperature gas-cooled reactor
reactor shaft cooling system
nuclear power process heat plant
air gap
thermal insulation
concrete

description: ÐÐ°Ð½Ð½Ð°Ñ ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐ° Ð¿Ð¾ÑÐ²ÑÑÐµÐ½Ð° Ð¸ÑÑÐ»ÐµÐ´Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ ÐµÑÑÐµÑÑÐ²ÐµÐ½Ð½Ð¾Ð¹ ÐºÐ¾Ð½Ð²ÐµÐºÑÐ¸Ð¸ Ð²Ð¾Ð·Ð´ÑÑÐ° Ð¸ Ð¾Ð¿ÑÐµÐ´ÐµÐ»ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð¾ÑÐ½Ð¾Ð²Ð½ÑÑ Ð³ÐµÐ¾Ð¼ÐµÑÑÐ¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¸Ñ Ð¸ ÑÐµÐ¿Ð»Ð¾Ð³Ð¸Ð´ÑÐ°Ð²Ð»Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¸Ñ ÑÐ°ÑÐ°ÐºÑÐµÑÐ¸ÑÑÐ¸Ðº ÑÐ¸ÑÑÐµÐ¼Ñ Ð¾ÑÐ»Ð°Ð¶Ð´ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ ÑÐ°ÑÑÑ ÑÐµÐ°ÐºÑÐ¾ÑÐ° ÑÐ¸Ð¿Ð° ÐÐ¢ÐÐ . ÐÐ°Ð´Ð°ÑÐ¸, ÐºÐ¾ÑÐ¾ÑÑÐµ ÑÐµÑÐ°Ð»Ð¸ÑÑ Ð² ÑÐ¾Ð´Ðµ Ð¸ÑÑÐ»ÐµÐ´Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ: 1) ÐÐ¿ÑÐµÐ´ÐµÐ»ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ðµ Ð¾Ð¿ÑÐ¸Ð¼Ð°Ð»ÑÐ½Ð¾Ð¹ ÑÐ¾Ð»ÑÐ¸Ð½Ñ Ð²Ð¾Ð·Ð´ÑÑÐ½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ Ð·Ð°Ð·Ð¾ÑÐ° Ð²Ð¾ÐºÑÑÐ³ ÑÐ°ÑÑÑ; 2) ÐÐ¾ÑÑÑÐ¾ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ðµ Ð³ÐµÐ¾Ð¼ÐµÑÑÐ¸Ð¸ Ð¡ÐÐ¨Ð  Ð¸ ÑÐ°Ð·Ð±Ð¸ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ðµ ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¸ Ð² ANSYS; 3) Ð Ð°ÑÑÐµÑ ÑÐµÐ¼Ð¿ÐµÑÐ°ÑÑÑÑ Ð±ÐµÑÐ¾Ð½Ð° Ð¸ Ð²Ð¾Ð·Ð´ÑÑÐ° Ð² Ð²ÑÑÐ¾Ð´Ð½Ð¾Ð¼ ÐºÐ°Ð½Ð°Ð»Ðµ Ð² Ð¼Ð¾Ð´ÑÐ»Ðµ FLUENT. Ð ÑÐµÐ·ÑÐ»ÑÑÐ°ÑÐµ Ð±ÑÐ»Ð° Ð¾Ð¿ÑÐµÐ´ÐµÐ»ÐµÐ½Ð° Ð¾Ð¿ÑÐ¸Ð¼Ð°Ð»ÑÐ½Ð°Ñ ÑÐ¾Ð»ÑÐ¸Ð½Ð° Ð²Ð¾Ð·Ð´ÑÑÐ½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ Ð·Ð°Ð·Ð¾ÑÐ°, Ð¿Ð¾ÑÑÑÐ¾ÐµÐ½Ð° Ð³ÐµÐ¾Ð¼ÐµÑÑÐ¸Ñ Ð¡ÐÐ¨Ð  Ð¸ Ð½Ð°Ð¹Ð´ÐµÐ½Ð° ÑÐµÐ¼Ð¿ÐµÑÐ°ÑÑÑÐ° Ð±ÐµÑÐ¾Ð½Ð° Ð²Ð¾ÐºÑÑÐ³ ÑÐ°ÑÑÑ Ð¸ Ð²Ð¾Ð·Ð´ÑÑÐ° Ð² Ð²ÑÑÐ¾Ð´Ð½Ð¾Ð¼ ÐºÐ°Ð½Ð°Ð»Ðµ.
description: This work is dedicated to the study of air natural convection and determination of a basic geometric and thermohydraulic characteristics of the shaft cooling system for HTGR. The tasks that were solved during the research: 1) Determining the optimal thickness of the air gap around the shaft; 2) Building geometry of RSCS and splitting the grid in ANSYS; 3) Calculation of the temperature of concrete and air in the outlet duct in module FLUENT. The result includes an optimal width of air gap, geometry of RSCS and temperature of concrete around the shaft and air in the outlet duct.
title: The Regulation on the Provision of Emergency Support within the Union: Humanitarian Assistance and Financial Solidarity in the Refugee Crisis
Creators: name: Miglio, Alberto
Publisher: name: European Papers (www.europeanpapers.eu)
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: refugee crisis
subject: humanitarian assistance
subject: solidarity
subject: emergency support
subject: Art. 122 TFEU
subject: Regulation (EU) 2016/369

description: European Papers - A Journal on Law and Integration, 2016 1(3), 1171-1182
description: European Forum Insight of 26 September 2016
description: I.​Introduction. - II.​The legal basis. - III.​The main features of Regulation 2016/369. - IV.​Compliance with international law and the impact on the scope of application of EU law. - V.​The immediate implementation of the mechanism: emergency support as an instrument to face the refugee crisis. - VI. Complementarity and consistency. - VII.​The ambiguity of solidarity: emergency tool or structural principle?
description: Regulation 2016/369 establishes an emergency support mechanism for the provision of humanitarian aid in response to natural or man-made disasters giving rise to severe wide-ranging humanitarian consequences within the European Union. Although its scope of application is much broader, the Regulation has been adopted as an emergency measure for the management of the ongoing refugee crisis. It is therefore promising to look at the newly established mechanism against the background of other measures adopted or proposed in response to the crisis. In this perspective, the Regulation appears to fit within an overall strategy whereby Union funding is used as an instrument of policy-making to bring about further centralization. Finally, the analysis of the mechanism, which is meant to provide support to Member States "in a spirit of solidarity", suggests a few conclusions on the meaning of the principle of solidarity and its implications in the context of the refugee crisis. It is suggested that two very different visions of solidarity, an emergency-driven and a structural one, coexist and may interact with each other in two ways.
Completely Positive Map for Noisy Driven Quantum Systems Derived by Keldysh Expansion
Creators: name: Huang, Ziwen
name: Lu, Yunwei
name: Grassellino, Anna
name: Romanenko, Alexander
name: Koch, Jens
name: Zhu, Shaojiang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Accurate modeling of decoherence errors in quantum processors is crucial for analyzing and improving gate fidelities. To increase the accuracy beyond that of the Lindblad dynamical map, several generalizations have been proposed, and the exploration of simpler and more systematic frameworks is still ongoing. In this paper, we introduce a decoherence model based on the Keldysh formalism. This formalism allows us to include non-periodic drives and correlated quantum noise in our model. In addition to its wide range of applications, our method is also numerically simple, and yields a CPTP map. These features allow us to integrate the Keldysh map with quantum-optimal-control techniques. We demonstrate that this strategy generates pulses that mitigate correlated quantum noise in qubit state-transfer and gate operations.
Bridging the Gap between Intermediate and Massive Stars I: Validation of MESA against the State-of-the-Art Monash Stellar Evolution Program for a 2$M_{\odot}$ AGB Star
Creators: name: Cinquegrana, Giulia C.
name: Joyce, Meridith
name: Karakas, Amanda I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: One--dimensional stellar structure and evolution programs are built using different physical prescriptions and algorithms, which means there can be variations between models' predictions even when using identical input physics. This leads to questions about whether such deviations are physical or numerical; code validation studies are important and necessary tools for studying these questions. We provide the first direct comparison between the Monash stellar evolution program and MESA for a $2M_{\odot}$ model evolved from the zero-age main sequence to the tip of the thermally pulsing asymptotic giant branch. We compare the internal structure of the two models at six critical evolutionary points and find that they are in excellent agreement in characteristics like central temperature, central density and the temperature at the base of the convective envelope during the thermally pulsing asymptotic giant branch. The hydrogen-exhausted core mass between the models differs by less than 4.2% throughout the entire evolution, the final values vary only by 1.5%. Surface quantities such as luminosity and radius vary by less than 0.2% prior to the asymptotic giant branch. During thermal pulses, the difference extends to 3.4%, largely due to uncertainties in mixing and the treatment of atmospheric boundary conditions. Given that the veteran Monash code is closed source, the present work provides the first fully open-source computational analog. This increases accessibility to precision modeling on the asymptotic giant branch and lays the groundwork for higher-mass calculations that are performed with MESA but preserve the standards of the Monash code during the AGB.
description: Submitted, ApJ
Klein-Gordon-Maxwell equations driven by mixed local-nonlocal operators
Creators: name: Cangiotti, Nicolò
name: Caponi, Maicol
name: Maione, Alberto
name: Vitillaro, Enzo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35A01, 35A15, 35J50, 35J60, 35Q60, 35R11, 58E40

description: Classical results concerning Klein-Gordon-Maxwell type systems are shortly reviewed and generalized to the setting of mixed local-nonlocal operators, where the nonlocal one is allowed to be nonpositive definite according to a real parameter. In this paper, we provide a range of parameter values to ensure the existence of solitary (standing) waves, obtained as Mountain Pass critical points for the associated energy functionals in two different settings, by considering two different classes of potentials: constant potentials and continuous, bounded from below, and coercive potentials.
description: 26 pages, 2 figures
HARMONIZING PEDESTRIANS MOBILITY AT LEVEL CROSSING (THE CASE OF SEBATEGNA LEVEL CROSSING IN ADDIS ABABA)
Creators: name: Nyakona, Christine
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019

description: The highway-rail grade crossing is unique in that it constitutes the intersection of two transportation modes, which differ in both the physical characteristics of their traveled ways and their operations. Level crossings involve a considerable number of pedestrians and their harmony with the road and rail traffic, along with railway and road geometry setup is paramount to enhance the economic, social and environmental aspects of public transportation. The level crossing being a shared space, pedestrians experience time and space constrained mobility and their safety at the level crossing is at risk. This research harmonizes the mobility of pedestrians at level crossings. The case of Addis Ababa Light Rail Transit (AALRT) is chosen, with a specific focus on Sebategna level crossing. The current level crossing at Sebategna is a multi-modal shared space that is managed by the train signal, a bell that rings for an approaching train, level crossing signalmen and traffic officers. This setting results in space and time constrained mobility of pedestrians, congestion, and crashes. Constraints to pedestrian mobility and causes of safety-related issues experienced by pedestrians at the level crossing were examined. Using PTV Vissim multi-modal simulation software, this research developed and evaluated two test scenarios that could improve pedestrian mobility and improve their safety at Sebategna level crossing. The results of the study indicate that the constraints to pedestrians’ mobility at Sebategna level crossing include; no coordinated signal control at the level crossing, crosswalks opposite the station platforms entrance are not fully observed by vehicular traffic, some sidewalks being blocked by market vendors and congestion on the level crossing during peak hours which causes significant delays
Superconducting Nanowire Single Photon Detector on Diamond
Creators: name: Atikian, Haig A.
name: Eftekharian, Amin
name: Salim, A. Jafari
name: Burek, Michael J.
name: Choy, Jennifer T.
name: Majedi, A. Hamed
name: Loncar, Marko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Superconducting nanowire single photon detectors (SNSPDs) are fabricated directly on diamond substrates and their optical and electrical properties are characterized. Dark count performance and photon count rates are measured at varying temperatures for 1310nm and 632nm photons. The procedure to prepare diamond substrate surfaces suitable for the deposition and patterning of thin film superconducting layers is reported. Using this approach, diamond substrates with less than 300pm RMS surface roughness are obtained.
Wall cratering upon high velocity normal dust impact
Creators: name: Tolias, Panagiotis
name: De Angeli, Marco
name: Ripamonti, Dario
name: Ratynskaia, Svetlana
name: Riva, Giulio
name: Daminelli, Giambattista
name: De Angeli, Monica
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Dust-wall high speed impacts, triggered by the termination of runaway electrons on plasma facing components, constitute a source of erosion. Normal high velocity mechanical impacts of tungsten dust on bulk tungsten plates are reproduced in a controlled manner by light gas gun shooting systems. Post-mortem surface analysis revealed that three erosion regimes are realized; plastic deformation, bonding and partial disintegration. The large impact statistics allowed the extraction of reliable empirical damage laws in the latter regime, which can be employed for erosion estimates in future reactors.
description: 7 pages, 7 figures, 1 table
Avoiding a Spanning Cluster in Percolation Models
Creators: name: Cho, Y. S.
name: Hwang, S.
name: Herrmann, H. J.
name: Kahng, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: When dynamics in a system proceeds under suppressive external bias, the system can undergo an abrupt phase transition, as it occurs for example in the epidemic spreading. Recently, an explosive percolation (EP) model was introduced in line with such phenomena. The order of the EP transition has not been clarified in a unified framework covering low dimensional systems and the mean-field limit. We introduce a stochastic model, in which a rule for dynamics is designed to avoid the formation of a spanning cluster through competitive selection in Euclidean space. We show by heuristic arguments that, in the thermodynamic limit and depending on a control parameter, the EP transition can be either continuous or discontinuous if $d < d_c$ and is always continuous if $d \geq d_c$, where $d$ is the spatial dimension and $d_c$ the upper critical dimension.
description: 29 pages, 3 figures (main text) + 11 figures and 1 table (supplementary materials)
MPEC 2023-E65 : 2023 ER
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2023 ER

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Can Artificial Intelligence complete my students' work?
Creators: name: Ireland, Christopher
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Other language, communication and culture not elsewhere classified

description: This paper uses three AI tools, ChatGPT, SciSpace and Elicit, to complete an exercise that would normally be completed by my students. The evidence from the research shows that none of the three AI tools was able to successfully complete the task. While SciSpace made some errors, it was correct most of the time and seems to be a useful supplement to the activity However, ChatGPT provided incorrect information to every question.
TeV-Scale strings
Creators: name: Berenstein, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This article discusses the status of string physics where the string tension is around the TeV scale. The article covers model building basics for perturbative strings, based on D-brane configurations. The effective low energy physics description of such string constructions is analyzed: how anomaly cancellation is implemented, how fast proton decay is avoided and how D-brane models lead to additional $Z'$ particles. This review also discusses direct search bounds for strings at the TeV scale, as well as theoretical issues with model building related to flavor physics and axions.
description: Review paper submitted to the Annual Review of Nuclear and Particle Science. 30 pages
Can Artificial Intelligence complete my students' work?.pdf
Creators: name: Ireland, Christopher
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Other language, communication and culture not elsewhere classified

description: This paper uses three AI tools, ChatGPT, SciSpace and Elicit, to complete an exercise that would normally be completed by my students. The evidence from the research shows that none of the three AI tools was able to successfully complete the task. While SciSpace made some errors, it was correct most of the time and seems to be a useful supplement to the activity However, ChatGPT provided incorrect information to every question.
Do Random and Chaotic Sequences Really Cause Different PSO Performance?
Creators: name: Nörenberg, Paul Moritz
name: Richter, Hendrik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Our topic is performance differences between using random and chaos for particle swarm optimization (PSO). We take random sequences with different probability distributions and compare them to chaotic sequences with different but also with same density functions. This enables us to differentiate between differences in the origin of the sequences (random number generator or chaotic nonlinear system) and statistical differences expressed by the underlying distributions. Our findings (obtained by evaluating the PSO performance for various benchmark problems using statistical hypothesis testing) cast considerable doubt on previous results which compared random to chaos and suggested that the choice leads to intrinsic differences in performance.
description: Proc. GECCO 23 Companion, July 15-19, 2023, Lisbon, Portugal, accepted
Adaptive syndrome measurements for Shor-style error correction
Creators: name: Tansuwannont, Theerapat
name: Pato, Balint
name: Brown, Kenneth R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Shor fault-tolerant error correction (FTEC) scheme uses transversal gates and ancilla qubits prepared in the cat state in syndrome extraction circuits to prevent propagation of errors caused by gate faults. For a stabilizer code of distance $d$ that can correct up to $t=\lfloor(d-1)/2\rfloor$ errors, the traditional Shor scheme handles ancilla preparation and measurement faults by performing syndrome measurements until the syndromes are repeated $t+1$ times in a row; in the worst-case scenario, $(t+1)^2$ rounds of measurements are required. In this work, we improve the Shor FTEC scheme using an adaptive syndrome measurement technique. The syndrome for error correction is determined based on information from the differences of syndromes obtained from consecutive rounds. Our protocols that satisfy the strong and the weak FTEC conditions require no more than $(t+3)^2/4-1$ rounds and $(t+3)^2/4-2$ rounds, respectively, and are applicable to any stabilizer code. Our simulations of FTEC protocols with the adaptive schemes on hexagonal color codes of small distances verify that our protocols preserve the code distance, can increase the pseudothreshold, and can decrease the average number of rounds compared to the traditional Shor scheme. We also find that for the code of distance $d$, our FTEC protocols with the adaptive schemes require no more than $d$ rounds on average.
description: 24 pages, 3 figures, comments welcome. V2: minor correction. V3: adding numerical simulations and classical time complexity analysis. V4: minor correction
Quiet Sun magnetic fields observed by Hinode: Support for a local dynamo
Creators: name: Buehler, D.
name: Lagg, A.
name: Solanki, S. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Hinode mission has revealed copious amounts of horizontal flux covering the quiet Sun. Local dynamo action has been proposed to explain the presence of this flux. We sought to test whether the quiet Sun flux detected by Hinode is due to a local or the global dynamo by studying long-term variations in the polarisation signals detectable at the disc centre of the quiet Sun between November 2006 and May 2012, with particular emphasis on weak signals in the internetwork. The investigation focusses on line-integrated circular polarisation V_tot and linear polarisation LP_tot profiles obtained from the Fe I 6302.5 Åabsorption line in Hinode SOT/SP. Both circular and linear polarisation signals show no overall variation in the fraction of selected pixels from 2006 until 2012. There is also no variation in the magnetic flux in this interval of time. The probability density functions (PDF) of the line-of-sight magnetic flux can be fitted with a power law from 1.17 x 10^17 Mx to 8.53 x 10^18 Mx with index α=-1.82 \pm 0.02 in 2007. The variation of α's across all years does not exceed a significance of 1σ. Linearly polarised features are also fitted with a power law, with index α=-2.60 \pm 0.06 in 2007. Indices derived from linear polarisation PDFs of other years also show no significant variation. Our results show that the ubiquitous horizontal polarisation on the edges of bright granules seen by Hinode are invariant during the minimum of cycle 23. This supports the notion that the weak circular and linear polarisation is primarily caused by an independent local dynamo.
Characterizing crosstalk of superconducting transmon processors
Creators: name: Ketterer, Andreas
name: Wellens, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Currently available quantum computing hardware based on superconducting transmon architectures realizes networks of hundreds of qubits with the possibility of controlled nearest-neighbor interactions. However, the inherent noise and decoherence effects of such quantum chips considerably alter basic gate operations and lead to imperfect outputs of the targeted quantum computations. In this work, we focus on the characterization of crosstalk effects which manifest themselves in correlations between simultaneously executed quantum gates on neighboring qubits. After a short explanation of the physical origin of such correlations, we show how to efficiently and systematically characterize the magnitude of such crosstalk effects on an entire quantum chip using the randomized benchmarking protocol. We demonstrate the introduced protocol by running it on real quantum hardware provided by IBM observing significant alterations in gate fidelities due to crosstalk. Lastly, we use the gained information in order to propose more accurate means to simulate noisy quantum hardware by devising an appropriate crosstalk-aware noise model.
description: 9 pages, 6 figures
ROBOSPECT: Automated Equivalent Width Measurement
Creators: name: Waters, Christopher Z.
name: Hollek, Julie K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present ROBOSPECT, a new code to automatically measure and deblend line equivalent widths for both absorption and emission spectra. We test the accuracy of these measurements against simulated spectra as well as manual equivalent width measurements of five stellar spectra over a range of signal-to-noise values and a set of long slit emission spectra. We find that ROBOSPECT accurately matches both the synthetic and manual measurements, with scatter consistent with the expectations based on the data quality and the results of Cayrel (1988).
description: Accepted for publication in PASP. Source code available at http://www.ifa.hawaii.edu/users/watersc1/robospect/
Jupyter notebooks for web archives
Creators: name: Sherratt, Tim
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: web archives
glam workbench
jupyter

description: In this webinar Tim Sherratt will provide an introduction to his GLAM Workbench and discuss in more detail a set of Jupyter Notebooks he developed to analyse data from web archives. "Asking questions with web archives – introductory notebooks for historians" is an IIPC funded project which was led by Tim and Andy Jackson of the British Library, in partnership with the National Library of Australia and the National Library of New Zealand. Presented online, 5 & 6 August 2020.
Swin-transformer-yolov5 For Real-time Wine Grape Bunch Detection
Creators: name: Lu, Shenglian
name: Liu, Xiaoyu
name: He, Zixaun
name: Liu, Wenbo
name: Zhang, Xin
name: Karkee, Manoj
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: I.2.10; I.4.9
subject: 68U10, 68U35,

description: In this research, an integrated detection model, Swin-transformer-YOLOv5 or Swin-T-YOLOv5, was proposed for real-time wine grape bunch detection to inherit the advantages from both YOLOv5 and Swin-transformer. The research was conducted on two different grape varieties of Chardonnay (always white berry skin) and Merlot (white or white-red mix berry skin when immature; red when matured) from July to September in 2019. To verify the superiority of Swin-T-YOLOv5, its performance was compared against several commonly used/competitive object detectors, including Faster R-CNN, YOLOv3, YOLOv4, and YOLOv5. All models were assessed under different test conditions, including two different weather conditions (sunny and cloudy), two different berry maturity stages (immature and mature), and three different sunlight directions/intensities (morning, noon, and afternoon) for a comprehensive comparison. Additionally, the predicted number of grape bunches by Swin-T-YOLOv5 was further compared with ground truth values, including both in-field manual counting and manual labeling during the annotation process. Results showed that the proposed Swin-T-YOLOv5 outperformed all other studied models for grape bunch detection, with up to 97% of mean Average Precision (mAP) and 0.89 of F1-score when the weather was cloudy. This mAP was approximately 44%, 18%, 14%, and 4% greater than Faster R-CNN, YOLOv3, YOLOv4, and YOLOv5, respectively. Swin-T-YOLOv5 achieved its lowest mAP (90%) and F1-score (0.82) when detecting immature berries, where the mAP was approximately 40%, 5%, 3%, and 1% greater than the same. Furthermore, Swin-T-YOLOv5 performed better on Chardonnay variety with achieved up to 0.91 of R2 and 2.36 root mean square error (RMSE) when comparing the predictions with ground truth. However, it underperformed on Merlot variety with achieved only up to 0.70 of R2 and 3.30 of RMSE.
description: 30 pages; 15 figures;Corresponding author: Xin Zhang Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering Mississippi State University Mississippi State, MS 39762, USA (xzhang@abe.msstate.edu)
Optimal control and ultimate bounds of 1:2 nonlinear quantum systems
Creators: name: Zhu, Jing-jun
name: Liu, Kaipeng
name: Chen, Xi
name: Guérin, Stéphane
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using optimal control, we establish and link the ultimate bounds in time (referred to as quantum speed limit) and energy of two- and three-level quantum nonlinear systems which feature 1:2 resonance. Despite the unreachable complete inversion, by using the Pontryagin maximum principle, we determine the optimal time, pulse area, or energy, for a given arbitrary accuracy. We show that the third-order Kerr terms can be absorbed in the detuning in order to lock the dynamics to the resonance. In the two-level problem, we determine the non-linear counterpart of the optimal $π$-pulse inversion for a given accuracy. In the three-level problem, we obtain an intuitive pulse sequence similar to the linear counterpart but with different shapes. We prove the (slow) logarithmic increasing of the optimal time as a function of the accuracy.
The Branes Behind Generalized Symmetry Operators
Creators: name: Heckman, Jonathan J.
name: Hübner, Max
name: Torres, Ethan
name: Zhang, Hao Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The modern approach to $m$-form global symmetries in a $d$-dimensional quantum field theory (QFT) entails specifying dimension $d-m-1$ topological generalized symmetry operators which non-trivially link with $m$-dimensional defect operators. In QFTs engineered via string constructions on a non-compact geometry $X$, these defects descend from branes wrapped on non-compact cycles which extend from a localized source / singularity to the boundary $\partial X$. The generalized symmetry operators which link with these defects arise from magnetic dual branes wrapped on cycles in $\partial X$. This provides a systematic way to read off various properties of such topological operators, including their worldvolume topological field theories, and the resulting fusion rules. We illustrate these general features in the context of 6D superconformal field theories, where we use the F-theory realization of these theories to read off the worldvolume theory on the generalized symmetry operators. Defects of dimension 3 which are charged under a suitable 3-form symmetry detect a non-invertible fusion rule for these operators. We also sketch how similar considerations hold for related systems.
description: v3: 21 pages + references, 1 figure; clarifications added, reference added
A general class of free boundary problems for fully nonlinear parabolic equations
Creators: name: Figalli, Alessio
name: Shahgholian, Henrik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper we consider the fully nonlinear parabolic free boundary problem $$ \left\{\begin{array}{ll} F(D^2u) -\partial_t u=1 & \text{a.e. in}Q_1 \cap Ω\\ |D^2 u| + |\partial_t u| \leq K & \text{a.e. in}Q_1\setminusΩ, \end{array} \right. $$ where $K>0$ is a positive constant, and $Ω$ is an (unknown) open set. Our main result is the optimal regularity for solutions to this problem: namely, we prove that $W_x^{2,n} \cap W_t^{1,n} $ solutions are locally $C_x^{1,1}\cap C_t^{0,1} $ inside $Q_1$. A key starting point for this result is a new BMO-type estimate which extends to the parabolic setting the main result in \cite{CH}. Once optimal regularity for $u$ is obtained, we also show regularity for the free boundary $\partialΩ\cap Q_1$ under the extra condition that $Ω\supset \{u \neq 0 \}$, and a uniform thickness assumption on the coincidence set $\{u = 0 \}$,
description: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1212.5809
Chemical Principles of Intrinsic Topological Superconductors
Creators: name: von Rohr, Fabian O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The concept of topological superconductivity has attracted immense interest in the physics community recently for several reasons: First, topological superconductors represent new phases of matter, topologically distinct from any other known phase of matter. Second, their discovery would present the first realization of Majorana zero modes. Third, intrinsic topological superconductors promise to become an important ingredient for next-generation quantum technologies. There are a handful of candidates to date considered as potential intrinsic topological superconductors. All of these display signs of unconventional, potentially topological superconductivity. However, the results from different experimental methods are inconclusive. One of the major challenges in the field of topological superconductivity has been the scarcity of potential materials, in contrast to the many exciting, theoretical predictions of properties that could be unraveled by such a discovery. Currently, it should be far to say that a material that convincingly displays intrinsic topological superconductivity, and Majorana zero modes, has so far not been discovered. This perspective aims at summarizing the results of the most actively discussed potential topological superconductors for chemists. But, I will also compile the essential physical and chemical design principles of these materials from a chemists' perspective in order to motivate synthetic chemists to join the quest for the discovery of the first intrinsic topological superconductor.
PREP4BLUE D4.2: Customized Knowledge Management Method for Mission Restore our Ocean and Waters
Creators: name: Manago, Caecilia
name: Ni Cheallachain, Cliona
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Funded by the European Union’s Horizon Europe program, PREP4BLUE is a €4.9 million, three-year project that will set the foundations for co-creating and co-implementing the research and innovation required to achieve the ‘EU Mission Restore our Ocean and Waters’ (furthermore referred to as the Mission). The PREP4BLUE Work Package 4 delivers ‘Knowledge Management for R&I core: Identifying and Transferring Knowledge/Solutions to Support the Mission’. WP4 is aimed at showcasing at pilot scale fitfor-purpose methods to manage knowledge in support of the Mission. In WP4-Task4.3, knowledge emerging from recent European research that would be of interest to the Mission is identified, described and analysed. This deliverable reports the results in Task 4.3 ‘Collect and Analyse Mission Knowledge/Solutions’, including the High potential KERs relevant for the Mission.

Please note: The deliverable has been submitted but has yet to be approved by the Commission. As such, the report may be subject to changes.
The HI Chronicles of LITTLE THINGS BCDs: Evidence for External Perturbations in the Morphology and Kinematics of Haro 29 and Haro 36
Creators: name: Ashley, Trisha
name: Simpson, Caroline E.
name: Elmegreen, Bruce G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze high angular and velocity resolution HI-line data of two LITTLE THINGS (1) blue compact dwarfs (BCDs): Haro 29 and Haro 36. Both of these BCDs are disturbed morphologically and kinematically. Haro 29's HI data reveal a kinematic major axis that is offset from the optical major axis, and a disturbed outer HI component, indicating that Haro 29 may have had a past interaction. Position-velocity diagrams of Haro 36 indicate that it has two kinematically separate components at its center and a likely tidal tail in front of the galaxy. We find that Haro 36 most likely had an interaction in the past, is currently interacting with an unknown companion, or is a merger remnant. (1) "Local Irregulars That Trace Luminosity Extremes The HI Nearby Galaxy Survey" http://www2.lowell.edu/users/dah/littlethings/index.html
description: To be published in The Astronomical Journal
DynamoPMU: A Physics Informed Anomaly Detection and Prediction Methodology using non-linear dynamics from $μ$PMU Measurement Data
Creators: name: Dwivedi, Divyanshi
name: Yemula, Pradeep Kumar
name: Pal, Mayukha
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The expansion in technology and attainability of a large number of sensors has led to a huge amount of real-time streaming data. The real-time data in the electrical distribution system is collected through distribution-level phasor measurement units referred to as $μ$PMU which report high-resolution phasor measurements comprising various event signatures which provide situational awareness and enable a level of visibility into the distribution system. These events are infrequent, unschedule, and uncertain; it is a challenge to scrutinize, detect and predict the occurrence of such events. For electrical distribution systems, it is challenging to explicitly identify evolution functions that describe the complex, non-linear, and non-stationary signature patterns of events. In this paper, we seek to address this problem by developing a physics dynamics-based approach to detect anomalies in the $μ$PMU streaming data and simultaneously predict the events using governing equations. We propose a data-driven approach based on the Hankel alternative view of the Koopman (HAVOK) operator, called DynamoPMU, to analyze the underlying dynamics of the distribution system by representing them in a linear intrinsic space. The key technical idea is that the proposed method separates out the linear dynamical behaviour pattern and intermittent forcing (anomalous events) in sequential data which turns out to be very useful for anomaly detection and simultaneous data prediction. We demonstrate the efficacy of our proposed framework through analysis of real $μ$PMU data taken from the LBNL distribution grid. DynamoPMU is suitable for real-time event detection as well as prediction in an unsupervised way and adapts to varying statistics.
Anchors for the Cosmic Distance Scale: the Cepheids U Sgr, CF Cas and CEab Cas
Creators: name: Majaess, D.
name: Carraro, G.
name: Bidin, C. Moni
name: Bonatto, C.
name: Berdnikov, L.
name: Balam, D.
name: Moyano, M.
name: Gallo, L.
name: Turner, D.
name: Lane, D.
name: Gieren, W.
name: Borissova, J.
name: Kovtyukh, V.
name: Beletsky, Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: New and existing X-ray, UBVJHKsW(1-4), and spectroscopic observations were analyzed to constrain fundamental parameters for M25, NGC 7790, and dust along their sight-lines. The star clusters are of particular importance given they host the classical Cepheids U Sgr, CF Cas, and the visual binary Cepheids CEa and CEb Cas. Precise results from the multiband analysis, in tandem with a comprehensive determination of the Cepheids' period evolution (dP/dt) from ~140 years of observations, helped resolve concerns raised regarding the clusters and their key Cepheid constituents. Specifically, distances derived for members of M25 and NGC 7790 are 630+-25 pc and 3.40+-0.15 kpc, respectively.
description: To appear in Astronomy and Astrophysics
Evidence of Elevated X-Ray Absorption Before and During Major Flare Ejections in GRS 1915+105
Creators: name: Punsly, Brian
name: Rodriguez, Jerome
name: Trushkin, Sergei A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present time resolved X-ray spectroscopy of the microquasar GRS1915+105 with the MAXI observatory in order to study the accretion state just before and during the ejections associated with its major flares. Radio monitoring with the RATAN-600 radio telescope from 4.8 - 11.2 GHz has revealed two large steep spectrum major flares in the first eight months of 2013. Since, the RATAN receives one measurement per day, we cannot determine the jet forming time without more information. Fortunately, this is possible since a distinct X-ray light curve signature that occurs preceding and during major ejections has been determined in an earlier study. The X-ray luminosity spikes to very high levels in the hours before ejection then becomes variable (with a nearly equal X-ray luminosity when averaged over the duration of the ejection) during a brief 3 to 8 hour ejection process. By comparing this X-ray behavior to MAXI light curves, we can estimate the beginning and end of the ejection episode of the strong 2013 flares to within $\sim$3 hours. Using this estimate in conjunction with time resolved spectroscopy from the data in the MAXI archives allows us to deduce that the X-ray absorbing hydrogen column density increases significantly in the hours preceding the ejections and remains elevated during the ejections responsible for the major flares. This finding is consistent with an out-flowing wind or enhanced accretion at high latitudes.
description: To appear in ApJ
Microscopic Calculation of Fusion: Light to Heavy Systems
Creators: name: Umar, A. S.
name: Oberacker, V. E.
name: Maruhn, J. A.
name: Keser, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The density-constrained time-dependent Hartree-Fock (DC-TDHF) theory is a fully microscopic approach for calculating heavy-ion interaction potentials and fusion cross sections below and above the fusion barrier. We discuss recent applications of DC-TDHF method to fusion of light and heavy neutron-rich systems.
description: 8 pages, 8 figures
Simulating Open Quantum System Dynamics on NISQ Computers with Generalized Quantum Master Equations
Creators: name: Wang, Yuchen
name: Mulvihill, Ellen
name: Hu, Zixuan
name: Lyu, Ningyi
name: Shivpuje, Saurabh
name: Liu, Yudan
name: Soley, Micheline B.
name: Geva, Eitan
name: Batista, Victor S.
name: Kais, Sabre
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a quantum algorithm based on the Generalized Quantum Master Equation (GQME) approach to simulate open quantum system dynamics on noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) computers. This approach overcomes the limitations of the Lindblad equation, which assumes weak system-bath coupling and Markovity, by providing a rigorous derivation of the equations of motion for any subset of elements of the reduced density matrix. The memory kernel resulting from the effect of the remaining degrees of freedom is used as input to calculate the corresponding non-unitary propagator. We demonstrate how the Sz.-Nagy dilation theorem can be employed to transform the non-unitary propagator into a unitary one in a higher-dimensional Hilbert space, which can then be implemented on quantum circuits of NISQ computers. We validate our quantum algorithm as applied to the spin-boson benchmark model by analyzing the impact of the quantum circuit depth on the accuracy of the results when the subset is limited to the diagonal elements of the reduced density matrix. Our findings demonstrate that our approach yields reliable results on NISQ IBM computers.
description: 47 pages, 10 figures, updated to the most current version of the manuscript
A discontinuous functional for linear response time-dependent density functional theory: the exact-exchange kernel and approximate forms
Creators: name: Hellgren, M.
name: Gross, E. K. U.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a detailed study of the exact-exchange (EXX) kernel of time-dependent density functional theory with an emphasis on its discontinuity at integer particle numbers. It was recently found that this exact property leads to sharp peaks and step features in the kernel that diverge in the dissociation limit of diatomic systems [Hellgren and Gross, Phys. Rev. A, 022514 (2012)]. To further analyze the discontinuity of the kernel we here make use of two different approximations to the EXX kernel: the PGG approximation and a common energy denominator approximation (CEDA). It is demonstrated that whereas the PGG approximation neglects the discontinuity the CEDA includes it explicitly. By studying model molecular systems it is shown that the so-called field counter-acting effect in the density functional description of molecular chains can be viewed in terms of the discontinuity of the static kernel. The role of the frequency dependence is also investigated, highlighting its importance for long-range charge transfer excitations as well as inner-shell excitations.
description: 16 pages, 13 figures
The number of rational points of a class of superelliptic curves
Creators: name: Oliveira, José Alves
name: Oliveira, Daniela
name: Martínez, F. E. Brochero
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 12E20 (primary) and 11G20 (secondary)

description: In this paper, we study the number of $\mathbb F_{q^n}$-rational points on the affine curve $\mathcal{X}_{d,a,b}$ given by the equation $$ y^d=ax\text{Tr}(x)+b,$$ where $\text{Tr}$ denote the trace function from $\mathbb F_{q^n}$ to $\mathbb F_{q}$ and $d$ is a positive integer. In particular, we present bounds for the number of $\mathbb F_{q}$-rational points on $\mathcal{X}_{d,a,b}$ and, for the cases where $d$ satisfies a natural condition, explicit formulas for the number of rational points are obtained. Particularly, a complete characterization is given for the case $d=2$. As a consequence of our results, we compute the number of elements $α$ in $\mathbb F_{q^n}$ such that $α$ and $\text{Tr}(α)$ are quadratic residues in $\mathbb F_{q^n}$.
Descriptors informed by platform
Creators: name: Isabal, Miriam Calvera
name: Santos, Patricia
name: Ishari Amarasinghe
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Descriptors
CS-Track database
CS platforms

description: This document is part of the Annex V of the deliverable D2.1: Explorative study of CS projects in Europe, categorization and clustering to build a database of CS projects for analysis from CS-Track project
Inferring nonlinear fractional diffusion processes from single trajectories
Creators: name: Kassel, Johannes A.
name: Walter, Benjamin
name: Kantz, Holger
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a method to infer the arbitrary space-dependent drift and diffusion of a nonlinear stochastic model driven by multiplicative fractional Gaussian noise from a single trajectory. Our method, fractional Onsager-Machlup optimisation (fOMo), introduces a maximum likelihood estimator by minimising a field-theoretic action which we construct from the observed time series. We successfully test fOMo for a wide range of Hurst exponents using artificial data with strong nonlinearities, and apply it to a data set of daily mean temperatures. We further highlight the significant systematic estimation errors when ignoring non-Markovianity, underlining the need for nonlinear fractional inference methods when studying real-world long-range (anti-)correlated systems.
description: 21 pages, 5 figures, appendices