cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Associations of adherence to the New Nordic Diet with risk of preeclampsia and preterm delivery in the Norwegian Mother and Child Cohort Study (MoBa)
Creators: name: Haugen, Margaretha
name: Øverby, Nina C.
name: Engel, Stephanie M.
name: Hillesund, Elisabet Rudjord
name: Harmon, Quaker E.
name: Klungsøyr, Kari
name: Bere, Elling
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: Preeclampsia and preterm delivery are serious complications of pregnancy and leading causes of perinatal mortality and morbidity worldwide. Dietary factors might be associated with these adverse outcomes. We investigated whether adherence to the New Nordic Diet (NND) was associated with preeclampsia and preterm delivery risks in the Norwegian Mother and Child Cohort Study (MoBa). Participants were recruited from all over Norway during the period 1999-2008. A previously constructed diet score assessing meal frequency, and the consumption of Nordic fruits, root vegetables, cabbages, potatoes, oatmeal porridge, whole grains, wild fish, game, berries, milk and water, was used to assess NND adherence. Associations between NND adherence and the outcomes were estimated in adjusted multivariate logistic regression models. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95 % confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated. A total of 72,072 women was included in the study. High versus low NND adherence was associated with lower risk of total preeclampsia (OR 0.86; 95 % CI 0.78-0.95) and early preeclampsia (OR 0.71; 95 % CI 0.52-0.96). High compared with low NND adherence was associated with a lower risk of spontaneous preterm delivery among nulliparous women (OR 0.77; 95 % CI 0.66-0.89), whereas multiparous women with high NND adherence had a marginally significant higher risk of preterm delivery (OR 1.24; 95 % CI 1.00-1.53). High NND adherence was associated with a lower relative risk of preeclampsia and of spontaneous preterm delivery among nulliparous women; however, among multiparous women there was a higher relative risk of preterm delivery.
Human telomerase activity, telomerase and telomeric template expression in hepatic stem cells and in livers from fetal and postnatal donors
Creators: name: Schmelzer, Eva
name: Reid, Lola M.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: Even though telomerase activity has been analyzed in various normal and malignant tissues, including liver, it is still unknown to what extent telomerase can be associated with specific maturational lineage stages.
Existence and multiplicity results for a class of Kirchhoff-Choquard equations with a generalized sign-changing potential
Creators: name: Böer, Eduardo de Souza
name: Miyagaki, Olímpio Hiroshi
name: Pucci, Patrizia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35J60, 35J15, 35Q55, 35B25

description: In the present work we are concerned with the following Kirchhoff-Choquard-type equation $$-M(||\nabla u||_{2}^{2})Δu +Q(x)u + μ(V(|\cdot|)\ast u^2)u = f(u) \mbox{ in } \mathbb{R}^2 , $$ for $M: \mathbb{R} \rightarrow \mathbb{R}$ given by $M(t)=a+bt$, $ μ>0 $, $ V $ a sign-changing and possible unbounded potential, $ Q $ a continuous external potential and a nonlinearity $f$ with exponential critical growth. We prove existence and multiplicity of solutions in the nondegenerate case and guarantee the existence of solutions in the degenerate case.
description: 22 pages
Effects of Rotational Symmetry Breaking in Polymer-coated Nanopores
Creators: name: Osmanovic, D.
name: Kerr-Winter, M.
name: Eccleston, R. C.
name: Hoogenboom, B. W.
name: Ford, I. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The statistical theory of polymers tethered around the inner surface of a cylindrical channel has traditionally employed the assumption that the equilibrium density of the polymers is independent of the azimuthal coordinate. However, simulations have shown that this rotational symmetry can be broken when there are attractive interactions between the polymers. We investigate the phases that emerge in these circumstances, and we quantify the effect of the symmetry assumption on the phase behavior of the system. In the absence of this assumption, one can observe large differences in the equilibrium densities between the rotationally symmetric case and the non-rotationally symmetric case. A simple analytical model is developed that illustrates the driving thermodynamic forces responsible for this symmetry breaking. Our results have implications for the current understanding of the polymer behavior in cylindrical nanopores.
Sex and race differences in the prevalence of fatty liver disease as measured by computed tomography liver attenuation in European American and African American participants of the NHLBI family heart study
Creators: name: Borecki, Ingrid B.
name: Feitosa, Mary F.
name: Gordon-Larsen, Penny
name: Franceschini, Nora
name: Reiner, Alexander P.
name: Graff, Mariaelisa
name: Carr, John Jeffrey
name: Wojczynski, Mary K.
name: North, Kari E.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: Liver attenuation (LA) (Hounsfield Units, HU) by computed tomography (CT) is a validated quantitative measure inversely related to liver fat burden. We examined race-and sex- differences on the distribution of LA (one of the first stages of fatty liver disease) and the predictors of these mean differences in European American (EA) and African American (AA) participants of the Family Heart Study. A total of 1242 (1064 EA, 178 AA) and 1477 (1150 EA, 327 AA) men and women, respectively, underwent CT examination from which LA and abdominal adipose volume were measured. LA (adjusted for phantom and field center) was the dependent variable in linear mixed models (to control for family relatedness) that tested for mean differences by race and by sex. Independent explanatory variables included age, body mass index, visceral adipose tissue volume, subcutaneous adipose tissue volume, alcohol consumption, TG, HDL-C, and insulin resistance. Mean LA varied significantly by sex, [(men) 57.76 ±10.03 HU and (women) 60.03 ±10.91 HU, p=0.0002], but not by race. Higher LA was associated with older age, while higher values of VAT, triglycerides, and insulin resistance were associated with lower LA in men and women. In contrast, alcohol consumption and BMI were associated with lower LA only among men. In analyses stratified by race LA was associated with alcohol consumption, VAT, and insulin resistance in both EA and AA and with age, BMI, and HDL-C in EA participants only. Our study findings confirm that there are important sex differences and race by sex interaction effects on the distribution of liver attenuation, the prevalence of FLD, and on the influence of metabolic risk factors on LA and FLD.
Medication use and medical comorbidity in patients with chronic hepatitis C from a US commercial claims database: high utilization of drugs with interaction potential
Creators: name: Hawke, Roy L.
name: Mayer, Christina L.
name: Fried, Michael W.
name: Lauffenburger, Julie C.
name: Brouwer, Kim L.R.
name: Farley, Joel F.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: With the advent of the direct-acting antiviral agents (DAAs), significant drug-drug interaction (DDI) potential now exists for patients treated for chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. However, little is known about how often patients with HCV use medications that may interact with newer HCV treatments, especially those with CYP3A DDI potential.
ลอดลายมังกร: การศึกษาเชิงประวัติศาสตร์ธุรกิจไทย ในทศวรรษ 2490-2520
Creators: name: สุพลธัช เตชะบูรณะ
Publisher: name: คณะศิลปศาสตร์ มหาวิทยาลัยธรรมศาสตร์
Year: 2018
Subjects: ลอดลายมังกร
ประวัติศาสตร์ธุรกิจไทย
วรรณกรรมวิเคราะห์

description: วารสารศิลปศาสตร์ มหาวิทยาลัยธรรมศาสตร์, 18, 1, 172-195
Cohomological invariants of hyperelliptic curves of even genus
Creators: name: Pirisi, Roberto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14D43, 14H10 (Primary), 14F20, 14D23 (Secondary)

description: Let $g$ be an even positive integer, and $p$ be a prime number. We compute the cohomological invariants with coefficients in $\mathbb{Z}/p\mathbb{Z}$ of the stacks of hyperelliptic curves $\mathscr{H}_g$ over an algebraically closed field $k_0$.
description: Final version. 23 pages
AdS/CFT duality for string orbifolds
Creators: name: Skrzypek, Torben
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2024

description: In this thesis we discuss orbifolds of type IIB string theory on AdS_5 x S^5 and their dual field theories. These models can be studied by taking exactly solvable limits and with integrability techniques. We discuss these techniques and apply them to two Z_2-orbifolds. We first study a half-supersymmetric orbifold space which keeps an AdS_5 x S^1 subspace fixed. The orbifolding procedure introduces a twisted sector localised on this fixed set. The preserved supersymmetry allows us to use localisation results to study twisted sector correlation functions and expand them at strong coupling. We present a strategy to match these strong-coupling corrections to alpha'^3-corrections of the supergravity action. This requires a resolution of the orbifold singularity. We then identify additional supergravity modes localised on the resolution as the twisted sector and study their effective action. The second orbifold we consider breaks all supersymmetry and leads to type 0B string theory on AdS_5 x S^5. Although we cannot rely on supersymmetry in this case, integrability is preserved and allows us to study the twisted sector. The twisted sector groundstate is a tachyon in flat space, but gets partially stabilised when background flux is turned on. We employ integrability to study the conformal dimension of the dual operator and find an imaginary anomalous dimension for an operator O_{-2} of R-charge 2. We discuss a possible connection to the breakdown of conformal symmetry induced by the double-trace operator O_{-2}O_{-2}.
On the Outcome Map of MVP Parking Functions: Permutations Avoiding 321 and 3412, and Motzkin Paths
Creators: name: Harris, Pamela E.
name: Kamau, Brian M.
name: Mori, J. Carlos Martínez
name: Tian, Roger
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05A05, 05A15, 05A19

description: We introduce a new parking procedure called MVP parking in which $n$ cars sequentially enter a one-way street with a preferred parking spot from the $n$ parking spots on the street. If their preferred spot is empty, they park there. Otherwise, they park there and the car parked in that spot is bumped to the next unoccupied spot on the street. If all cars can park under this parking procedure, we say the list of preferences of the $n$ cars is an MVP parking function of length $n$. We show that the set of (classical) parking functions is exactly the set of MVP parking functions although the parking outcome (order in which the cars park) is different under each parking process. Motivating the question: Given a permutation describing the outcome of the MPV parking process, what is the number of MVP parking functions resulting in that given outcome? Our main result establishes a bound for this count which is tight precisely when the permutation describing the parking outcome avoids the patterns 321 and 3412. We then consider special cases of permutations and give closed formulas for the number of MVP parking functions with those outcomes. In particular, we show that the number of MVP parking functions which park in reverse order (that is the permutation describing the outcome is the longest word in $\mathfrak{S}_n$, which does not avoid the pattern 321) is given by the $n$th Motzkin number. We also give families of permutations describing the parking outcome for which the cardinality of the set of cars parking in that order is exponential and others in which it is linear.
description: 20 pages, 1 table, 7 figures
A holistic solution to icing by acoustic waves: de-icing, active anti-icing, sensing with piezoelectric crystals, and synergy with thin film passive anti-icing solutions
Creators: name: del Moral, Jaime
name: Montes, Laura
name: Rico, Victor J.
name: Lopez-Santos, Carmen
name: Jacob, Stefan
name: Oliva, Manuel
name: Gil-Rostra, Jorge
name: Fakhfouri, Armaghan
name: Pandey, Shilpi
name: Gonzalez, Miguel
name: Mora, Julio
name: Garcia-Gallego, Paloma
name: Ibanez-Ibanez, Pablo F.
name: Rodriguez-Valverde, Miguel A.
name: Winkler, Andreas
name: Borras, Ana
name: Gonzalez-Elipe, Agustin R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Icing has become a hot topic both in academia and in the industry given its implications in strategic sectors such as transport, robotics, wind turbines, photovoltaics, and electricity supply. Recently proposed de-icing solutions involving the propagation of acoustic waves (AWs) at suitable substrates may open the path for a sustainable alternative to standard de-icing or anti-icing protocols. Herein we experimentally unravel some of the basic interactions that contribute to the de-icing and/or hinder the icing (ice accretion) on AW-activated substrates. The response toward icing of a model substrate system consisting of a piezoelectric LiNbO3 plate AW activated by radio-frequency (rf) signaling to planar electrodes has been characterized both at a laboratory scale and in an icing wind tunnel under forced convection conditions. Main features related to de-icing mechanisms, a decrease of ice adhesion, or the avoidance of ice accretion have been disclosed by this holistic investigation. Furthermore, additional experiments have shown that the piezoelectric substrate surfaces modified with a fluorinated ZnO thin film or a ZnO/CFx bilayer present anti-icing functionality and a synergistic response when activated with AWs. A careful analysis of the dependence of resonance frequency of the piezoelectric substrates on experimental variables such as temperature, ice formation, or wind velocity shows that this parameter can be used as an internal control procedure for real-time monitoring of icing processes onto AW-activated devices
description: 20 pages including Supporting Information; 8 figures in the main text
Ο 2ος πυλώνας ασφάλισης & η συμμετοχή του ιατρικού κόσμου σε αυτόν
Creators: name: Μπερμπέρη, Χρυσή Δημητρίου
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2023
Subjects: 2ος πυλωνας ασφαλισης
Ταμειο επαγγελματικης ασφαλισης
Ε.Λ.Ε.Τ.Ε.Α. ( Ελληνική Ένωση Ταμείων Επαγγελματικής Ασφάλισης)
2nd pillar of insurance
Occupational pension funds
H.U.I.O.R.P. ( Greek Union of Occupational Pension Funds )

description: Η κοινωνική ασφάλιση ανέκαθεν συγκέντρωνε ένα εξαιρετικά σημαντικό ενδιαφέρον στα πλαίσια των σύγχρονων κοινωνιών, δεδομένων των πολλαπλών προεκτάσεών της σε όλα τα επίπεδα της κοινωνικής και οικονομικής δραστηριότητας. Ωστόσο, το κράτος πρόνοιας δεν είναι πάντοτε σε θέση να διασφαλίσει ένα ικανοποιητικό επίπεδο παρεχόμενων υπηρεσιών. Ο πρώτος πυλώνας, λειτουργώντας κατά βάση σε μια αναδιανεμητική λογική αποτυγχάνει πολλές φορές να ανταποκριθεί στις απαιτήσεις της εποχής. Αναπόφευκτα, λοιπόν, το κοινωνικό σύνολο στρέφεται σε εναλλακτικές λύσεις. Στις δεδομένες συνθήκες, ο δεύτερος πυλώνας ασφάλισης αναδεικνύεται ως ένα μείζονος σημασίας ζήτημα. Σε κάθε περίπτωση, ωστόσο, θα πρέπει να σημειωθεί ότι η αύξηση της επαγγελματικής ασφάλισης δεν αποτελεί απειλή για την κοινωνική ασφάλιση. Οι τρεις πυλώνες ασφάλισης δε λειτουργούν ανταγωνιστικά αλλά συμπληρωματικά και στόχο έχουν να διασφαλίσουν το μέγιστο δυνατό επίπεδο ικανοποίησης των ασφαλισμένων σε ένα διαρκώς μεταβαλλόμενο κόσμο που απαιτεί προσαρμογές.
description: Social security had always been a matter of utmost concern in the context of modern societies, given its influence on all aspects of social and economic activity. However, the welfare state is not always able to ensure an adequate level of services provided. The first pillar, operating basically in a redistributive rational, often fails to meet the current needs. Inevitably, therefore, society turns to alternative solutions. Under these circumstances, the second pillar of insurance emerges as a major issue. In any case, however, it should be noted that the increase in occupational insurance does not pose a threat to social insurance. The three pillars of insurance do not work in competition but complement each other and aim to ensure the maximum possible level of satisfaction in an ever changing environment that requires adaptations.
ตำนาน “พระแก้วผลึกหมอก”: การเปรียบเทียบความหมาย ในบริบทวัฒนธรรมสยาม บรู และลาว
Creators: name: เกียรติศักดิ์ บังเพลิง
Publisher: name: คณะศิลปศาสตร์ มหาวิทยาลัยธรรมศาสตร์
Year: 2018
Subjects: ข่าพระแก้ว
พระแก้วผลึกหมอก
ประวัติศาสตร์ท้องถิ่น

description: วารสารศิลปศาสตร์ มหาวิทยาลัยธรรมศาสตร์, 18, 1, 196-220
“ความเป็นอัตชีวประวัติ” ใน Les Années ของอานนี แอร์โนซ์
Creators: name: อนุสรณ์ ชมภูพล
Publisher: name: คณะศิลปศาสตร์ มหาวิทยาลัยธรรมศาสตร์
Year: 2018
Subjects: อานนี แอร์ โนซ์
Les Années
อัตชีวประวัติ

description: วารสารศิลปศาสตร์ มหาวิทยาลัยธรรมศาสตร์, 18, 1, 221-245
Biomechanical studies of tendon transfers in the foot and ankle: implications for early rehabilitation
Creators: name: Marsland, Daniel
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2024

description: Early weightbearing following tendon transfer in the foot and ankle is desirable, but is unproven and risks premature tendon pullout. The aims of this thesis were to determine whether early loading is safe following interference screw fixation (ISF). A cadaveric model simulated flexor digitorum longus tendon transfer, comparing tendon-to-tendon (TT) transfer versus ISF. There was no significant difference in tendon displacement after cyclic loading (50N-150N). Two premature failures occurred in the ISF group. Mean load to failure was significantly greater in the TT group (459N versus 327N, p=0.002). A similar cadaveric model simulated tibialis posterior tendon transfer for foot drop, comparing a Pulvertaft Weave (PW) technique versus ISF. One specimen failed in each group under cyclic loading. Mean load to failure was similar, measuring 419N and 499N in the PW and ISF groups respectively (p=0.06). A systematic review assessed early and standard rehabilitation protocols. In 494 patients treated using ISF, there were no early tendon failures, and both rehabilitation protocols led to significant improvements in function. However, due to high heterogeneity and bias, there is insufficient clinical evidence to support early rehabilitation. A sawbone model simulated normal and osteoporotic bone, using 5mm diameter rope fixed with interference screws (4.75mm to 7mm), in different sized pilot holes (5mm to 7mm). Screw insertion torque had a very strong correlation with pullout strength. ‘Osteoporotic bone’ had a statistically significantly lower load to failure and greater chance of premature failure during cyclic loading. In conclusion, biomechanical data suggest early rehabilitation is feasible, but that failure can occur at physiological loads. Increased fixation strength is associated with larger screw diameter, smaller pilot hole diameter, greater insertion torque, and less porous bone structure. Screw insertion torque might be a useful intraoperative indicator for secure fixation. In patients with osteoporotic bone, augmented fixation may be necessary.
Universal exploration dynamics of random walks
Creators: name: Régnier, Léo
name: Dolgushev, Maxim
name: Redner, S.
name: Bénichou, Olivier
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The territory explored by a random walk is a key property that may be quantified by the number of distinct sites that the random walk visits up to a given time. The extent of this spatial exploration characterizes many important physical, chemical, and ecological phenomena. In spite of its fundamental interest and wide utility, the number of visited sites gives only an incomplete picture of this exploration. In this work, we introduce a more fundamental quantity, the elapsed time $τ_n$ between visits to the $n^{\rm th}$ and the $(n+1)^{\rm st}$ distinct sites, from which the full dynamics about the visitation statistics can be obtained. To determine the distribution of these inter-visit times $τ_n$, we develop a theoretical approach that relies on a mapping with a trapping problem, in which, in contrast to previously studied situations, the spatial distribution of traps is continuously updated by the random walk itself. Despite the geometrical complexity of the territory explored by a random walk (typically aspherical, as well as containing holes and islands at all scales), we find that the distribution of the $τ_n$ can be accounted for by simple analytical expressions. Processes as varied as regular diffusion, anomalous diffusion, and diffusion in disordered media and fractals, fall into the same universality classes for the temporal history of distinct sites visited. We confirm our theoretical predictions by Monte Carlo and exact enumeration methods. We also determine additional basic exploration observables, such as the perimeter of the visited domain or the number of islands of unvisited sites enclosed within this domain, thereby illustrating the generality of our approach. Because of their fundamental character and their universality, these inter-visit times represent a promising tool to unravel many more aspects of the exploration dynamics of random walks.
description: 7 pages + 19 pages of supplementary material
The Cofounder of Quantum Field Theory: Pascual Jordan
Creators: name: Dittrich, Walter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: History and Philosophy of Physics (physics.hist-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A comparative study is undertaken that brings to light the two different methods of how to treat the many-body problem in quantum field theory. The two main researchers who published the first versions of how to quantize a many-body assembly were P. Jordan and P.A.M. Dirac. What they understood by the so-called "second quantization" will be the subject of the paper. We will argue that it is Jordan's field operator approach that until now constitutes the basis of any work in quantum field theory.
Prevalence and correlates of HCV monoinfection and HIV and HCV coinfection among persons who inject drugs in Vietnam
Creators: name: Quan, Vu Minh
name: Go, Vivian F.
name: Latkin, Carl A.
name: Zhang, Long
name: Davis, Wendy W.
name: Sripaipan, Teerada
name: Mehta, Shruti H.
name: Le Minh, Nguyen
name: Mo, Tran Thi
name: Celentano, David D.
name: Frangakis, Constantine
name: Ha, Tran Viet
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: Vietnam bears a high burden of HCV and HIV infection among persons who inject drugs (PWID). The high prevalence of HCV and HIV occur in a context of stigma and limited prevention interventions for PWID.
Combating quantum errors: an integrated approach
Creators: name: Bala, Rajni
name: Asthana, Sooryansh
name: Ravishankar, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Near-term quantum communication protocols suffer inevitably from channel noises, whose alleviation has been mostly attempted with resources such as multiparty entanglement or sophisticated experimental techniques. Generation of multiparty higher dimensional entanglement is not easy. This calls for exploring realistic solutions which are implementable with current devices. Motivated particularly by the difficulty in generation of multiparty entangled states, in this paper, we have investigated error-free information transfer with minimal requirements. For this, we have proposed a new information encoding scheme for communication purposes. The encoding scheme is based on the fact that most noisy channels leave some quantities invariant. Armed with this fact, we encode information in these invariants. These invariants are functions of expectation values of operators. This information passes through the noisy channel unchanged. Pertinently, this approach is not in conflict with other existing error correction schemes. In fact, we have shown how standard quantum error-correcting codes emerge if suitable restrictions are imposed on the choices of logical basis states. As applications, for illustration, we propose a quantum key distribution protocol and an error-immune information transfer protocol.
A new parametrization of Hubble parameter in $f(Q)$ gravity
Creators: name: Koussour, M.
name: Pacif, S. K. J.
name: Bennai, M.
name: Sahoo, P. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we examine the accelerated expansion of the Universe at late-time in the framework of $f\left( Q\right) $ gravity theory in which the non-metricity scalar $Q$ describes the gravitational interaction. To this, we propose a new parametrization of the Hubble parameter using a model-independent way and apply it to the Friedmann equations in the FLRW Universe. Then we estimate the best fit values of the model parameters by using the combined datasets of updated $H(z)$ consisting of $57$ points, the Pantheon consisting of $1048$ points, and BAO datasets consisting of six points with the Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) method. The evolution of deceleration parameter indicates a transition from the deceleration to the acceleration phase of the Universe. In addition, we investigate the behavior of statefinder analysis and Om diagnostic parameter, Further, to discuss other cosmological parameters, we consider a $f\left( Q\right) $\ model, specifically, $f\left( Q\right) =Q+mQ^{n}$, where $m$ and $n$ are free parameters. Finally, we find that the model supports the present accelerating Universe, and the EoS parameter behaves like the quintessence model.
description: Comments are welcome
Design for additive manufacturing of hot stamping tools
Creators: name: Chantzis, Dimitrios
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2024

description: Hot stamping is a widely used process in the automotive industry for forming advanced steel grades and aluminium alloys into complex geometries. In this process, a blank is heated, formed while hot, and quenched in the die to achieve desired mechanical properties. These properties depend on the quenching rate, achieved through fluid circulation, typically water, via a complex system of cooling channels. Designing these channels is a sophisticated process, involving iterative design to meet quenching requirements. Hot stamping tools usually feature straight channels as conventional manufacturing processes limit the creation of advanced cooling systems like conformal channels. Other manufacturing approaches with higher flexibility, such as casting or segmentation, are used but at significantly higher cost and quality drawbacks. Additive Manufacturing (AM) has gained significant interest for its design freedom, facilitating complex shapes without increasing costs. This work proposes a novel AM-based design for hot stamping tools, integrating lattice structures to enhance quenching performance and reduce raw material use. A comprehensive literature review highlights the intersection of AM and hot stamping tool design, identifying key design variables. The integration method of lattice structures is detailed, with experimental proof from testing four dies with varying lattice integration in a multi-cycle hot stamping scenario. Subsequently, a multi-cycle thermo-mechanical 2D model was developed and the proposed hot stamping tool design underwent an optimisation routine. The results show that proposed novel design method for hot stamping tools can reduce the quenching step by 17% and requires 13.8% less material than a conventional hot stamping die.
Urinary Albumin Excretion is Associated with Pulmonary Hypertension in Sickle Cell Disease: Potential Role of Soluble Fms-Like Tyrosine Kinase-1
Creators: name: Moore, Dominic
name: Jones, Susan K.
name: Orringer, Eugene P.
name: Adam, Soheir
name: Hulkower, Ben
name: Brittain, Julia E.
name: Nachman, Patrick
name: Ataga, Kenneth I.
name: Redding-Lallinger, Rupa
name: Strayhorn, Dell
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: Pulmonary hypertension (PHT) is reported to be associated with measures of renal function in patients with sickle cell disease (SCD). The purpose of this exploratory study was to determine the relationship between albuminuria and both clinical and laboratory variables in SCD.
Tomography: mathematical aspects and applications
Creators: name: Facchi, Paolo
name: Ligabò, Marilena
name: Solimini, Sergio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this article we present a review of the Radon transform and the instability of the tomographic reconstruction process. We show some new mathematical results in tomography obtained by a variational formulation of the reconstruction problem based on the minimization of a Mumford-Shah type functional. Finally, we exhibit a physical interpretation of this new technique and discuss some possible generalizations.
description: 11 pages, 5 figures
Reinforcement learning controls of functional electrical stimulation for movement restoration
Creators: name: Wannawas, Nat
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2024

description: Hope prevails for the restoration of movement in paralysed individuals, spurred by advancements in neural engineering and AI. Functional Electrical Stimulation (FES) stands out as a non-invasive avenue to restore lost motor functions. However, despite over a century of research, FES has yet to fully realise its primary potential to restore general movements. Challenges in controls and translation into practical use, especially in the absence of technical assistance, persist. Reinforcement Learning (RL) emerges as a general method for controlling FES, capable of tailoring itself to users. Yet, applying RL to human-in-the-loop systems entails key challenges including the need for large data quantity and ethical concerns. This thesis explores RL applications in FES controls, seeking to illustrate its capability and address the key challenges. This work lays the foundation to harness RL's potential in this domain, aspiring to make FES control genuinely effective in the daily lives of those who need it. This has led to contributions within the areas of FES control and machine learning. Four detailed neuromechanical models and a muscle fatigue model for FES control applications are proposed. Next, two RL setups for controlling cycling speed and finding stimulation patterns are introduced, followed by RL setups for controlling arbitrary arm movements and the investigation of their learning behaviours and performances. This is followed by the introduction of Gaussian state space model that allows RL to better deal with muscle fatigue. Next, two data-efficient probabilistic modelling methods that leverage both physics knowledge and data are proposed. These models substantially help improve data efficiency of dyna-RL. Finally, the real-world deployment of RL is outlined, considering both ethical concerns and system designs, followed by experimental setups and the results. The successes in real-world deployment present the feasibility of RL and unlock further developments which are outlined in the conclusion.
Neural Mesh-Based Graphics
Creators: name: Jena, Shubhendu
name: Multon, Franck
name: Boukhayma, Adnane
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We revisit NPBG, the popular approach to novel view synthesis that introduced the ubiquitous point feature neural rendering paradigm. We are interested in particular in data-efficient learning with fast view synthesis. We achieve this through a view-dependent mesh-based denser point descriptor rasterization, in addition to a foreground/background scene rendering split, and an improved loss. By training solely on a single scene, we outperform NPBG, which has been trained on ScanNet and then scene finetuned. We also perform competitively with respect to the state-of-the-art method SVS, which has been trained on the full dataset (DTU and Tanks and Temples) and then scene finetuned, in spite of their deeper neural renderer.
description: ECCV Workshop 2022 CV4Metaverse. The source code and trained models can be obtained at https://github.com/Shubhendu-Jena/Neural-Mesh-Based-Graphics
Reversible canted persistent spin textures with large spin splitting in two-dimensional ferroelectric bilayer WTe$_{2}$
Creators: name: Absor, Moh. Adhib Ulil
name: Santoso, Iman
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The recent discovery of materials hosting persistent spin texture (PST) opens an avenue for the realization of energy-saving spintronics since they support an extraordinarily long spin lifetime. However, the stability of the PST is sensitively affected by symmetry breaking of the crystal induced by external perturbation such as the electric field. In this paper, through first-principles calculations supplemented by symmetry analysis, we report the emergence of the robust and stable PST with large spin splitting in the two-dimensional ferroelectric bilayer WTe$_{2}$. Due to the low symmetry of the crystal ($C_{s}$ point group), we observe a canted PST in the spin-split bands around the Fermi level displaying a unidirectional spin configuration tilted along the $yz$ plane in the first Brillouin zone. Such a typical PST can be effectively reversed by out-of-plane ferroelectric switching induced by interlayer sliding along the in-plane direction. We further demonstrated that the reversible PST is realized by the application of an out-of-plane external electric field. Thus, our findings uncover the possibility of an electrically tunable PST in the 2D materials, offering a promising platform for highly efficient spintronics devices.
description: 6 Figure
Cofound-Leakage: Confound Removal In Machine Learning Leads To Leakage
Creators: name: Hamdan, Sami
name: Love, Bradley C.
name: Polier, Georg von
name: Weis, Susanne
name: Schwender, Holger
name: Eickhoff, Simon
name: Patil, Kaustubh
Publisher: name: Forschungzentrum Jülich
Year: 2023

description: Organization for Human Brain Mapping (OHBM), Montreal, Canada, 22 Jul 2023 - 26 Jul 2023
description: Modern Machine Learning (ML) approaches are now regularly employed forindividual-level prediction, e.g. personalized medicine.Particularly in such critical-decision making, it is of utmost importance to not onlyachieve high accuracy but also to trust that models rely on actual features-targetrelationships [1, 2]. To this end, it is crucial to consider confounding variables as theycan obstruct the features-target relationship. For instance, a researcher might wantto identify a biomarker showing high classification accuracy between controls andpatients. However, the model might have just learned simpler confounders like ageor sex as a good proxy of the disease [3]. To counteract such unwanted confoundingeffects, investigators often use linear models to remove confounding variables fromeach feature separately before employing ML. While this confound regression (CR)approach is popular [4], its pitfalls, especially when paired with non-linear MLmodels, are not well understood.
On The Pauli-Weisskopf Anti-Dirac Paper
Creators: name: Dittrich, Walter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: History and Philosophy of Physics (physics.hist-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We review in this article the role which the work of Pauli and Weisskopf played in formulating a quantum field theory of spinless particles. To make our computations as transparent as possible, we offer a physicist's derivation of the Klein-Gordon-Fock equation. Since invariant functions play a significant part in our paper, we will discuss them in great detail. We emphasize Pauli's and Weisskopf's view that Dirac's hole theory is totally obsolete in formulating a consistent quantum field theory, be it for scalar or spinor particles. As an important example we present the calculation for producing charged scalar particles in an external electric field.
Characterizing quantity and physical dimensions of consumer electronic devices: A pilot study of Indiana households
Creators: name: Camelo, Juliette Fernada Bermudez
Publisher: name: Purdue University Graduate School
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 401102
subject: Environmentally sustainable engineering
classificationCode: 401105
subject: Life cycle assessment and industrial ecology
classificationCode: 401106
subject: Waste management, reduction, reuse and recycling

description: To accurately estimate the potential recovery of metals from electronic devices, various tools such as mass flow analysis, dynamic models, and forecasting models have been employed. However, the reliability of the model-generated outputs hinges on the accuracy of the input data. To ensure accurate data collection, it is imperative to examine and compare different methodologies. Although surveys have conventionally been used in information and telecommunications technologies to gather consumer information, their validity is seldom contrasted with alternative methods due to the lack thereof. In response, a new mixed methodology has been developed to obtain primary consumer data through tangible information, offering new avenues for data acquisition. The methodology involves quantitative and qualitative approaches taking direct physical measurements (dimensions, weight, and quantity) of devices and including a ten question semi-structured interview to discussed consumer devices use, stock and transfer patterns, composition changes of the electronic devices, and disposal behavior. As a result, it was found new methodology measured 79% of the devices directly at laboratories and 21% of the remaining devices were self-reported by the participant. The devices on consumer stage frequently have the same type and number of components as fabric and a positive difference of about 17.99 g compared with the mass reported by fabricants or literature. The sequential steps undertaken by participants in the new methodology to acquire consumer-stage data offer distinct advantages over surveys, particularly in capturing a more comprehensive inventory of devices in storage.Additional results indicate that the proposed methodology can provide valuable insights into the stock of electronic devices. Nevertheless, further research is required to understand the implications of surveys versus direct measurements in accurately representing mass flows during the user stage. Additionally, the relevance of external power supply or charging systems on storage will be explored as part of the supplementary findings. By improving the accuracy of metal recovery estimation and exploring more effective data collection methods, we can optimize closed-loop projects and contribute to sustainable resource management.
The VNTR 2 repeat in MAOA and delinquent behavior in adolescence and young adulthood: associations and MAOA promoter activity
Creators: name: Guo, Guang
name: Ou, Xiao-Ming
name: Shih, Jean C
name: Roettger, Michael
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: Genetic studies of delinquent and criminal behavior are rare in spite of the wide recognition that individuals may differ in their propensity for delinquency and criminality. Using 2524 participants in Add Health in the United States, the present study demonstrates a link between the rare 2 repeat of the 30-bp VNTR in the MAOA gene and much higher levels of self-reported serious and violent delinquency. The evidence is based on a statistical association analysis and a functional analysis of MAOA promoter activity using two human brain-derived cell lines: neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y and human glioblastoma 1242-MG. The association analysis shows that men with a 2R report a level of serious delinquency and violent delinquency in adolescence and young adulthood that were about twice (CI: (0.21, 3.24), P = 0.025; and CI: (0.37, 2.5), P = 0.008 for serious and violent delinquency, respectively) as high as those for participants with the other variants. The results for women are similar, but weaker. In the functional analysis, the 2 repeat exhibits much lower levels of promoter activity than the 3 or 4 repeat.
Global similarity with local differences in linkage disequilibrium between the Dutch and HapMap–CEU populations
Creators: name: de Geus, Eco
name: Heutink, Peter
name: Hottenga, Jouke J
name: Posthuma, Danielle
name: Penninx, Brenda W J H
name: Sullivan, Patrick
name: Pardo, Luba
name: Bochdanovits, Zoltán
name: Boomsma, Dorret
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: The HapMap project has facilitated the selection of tagging single nucleotide polymorphisms (tagSNPs) for genome-wide association studies (GWAS) under the assumption that linkage disequilibrium (LD) in the HapMap populations is similar to the populations under investigation. Earlier reports support this assumption, although in most of these studies only a few loci were evaluated. We compared pair-wise LD and LD block structure across autosomes between the Dutch population and the CEU–HapMap reference panel. The impact of sampling distribution on the estimation of LD blocks was studied by bootstrapping. A high Pearson correlation (genome-wide; 0.93) between pair-wise r2 for the Dutch and the CEU populations was found, indicating that tagSNPs from the CEU–HapMap panel capture common variation in the Dutch population. However, some genomic regions exhibited, significantly lower correlation than the genome-wide estimate. This might decrease the validity of HapMap tagSNPs in these regions and the power of GWAS. The LD block structure differed considerably between the Dutch and CEU–HapMap populations. This was not explained by demographic differences between the CEU and Dutch samples, as testing for population stratification was not significant. We also found that sampling variation had a large effect on the estimation of LD blocks, as shown by the bootstrapping analysis. Thus, in small samples, most of the observed differences in LD blocks between populations are most likely the result of sampling variation. This poor concordance in LD block structure suggests that large samples are required for robust estimations of local LD block structure in populations.
Ultra-high energy neutrinos from high-redshift electromagnetic cascades
Creators: name: Esmaeili, AmirFarzan
name: Capanema, Antonio
name: Esmaili, Arman
name: Serpico, Pasquale Dario
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the impact of the muon pair production and double pair production processes induced by ultra-high energy photons on the cosmic microwave background. Although the muon pair production cross section is smaller than the electron pair production one, the associated energy loss length is comparable or shorter than the latter (followed by inverse Compton in the deep Klein-Nishina regime) at high-redshift, where the effect of the astrophysical radio background is expected to be negligible. By performing a simulation taking into account the details of $e/γ$ interactions at high energies, we show that a significant fraction of the electromagnetic energy injected at $E\gtrsim 10^{19}\,$eV at redshift $z\gtrsim 5$ is channeled into neutrinos. The double pair production plays a crucial role in enhancing the multiplicity of muon production in these electromagnetic cascades. The ultra-high energy neutrino spectrum, yet to be detected, can in principle harbour information on ultra-high energy sources in the young universe, either conventional or exotic ones, with weaker constraints from the diffuse gamma ray flux compared to their low redshift counterparts.
description: 9 pages, 6 figures; v2: few clarifications added, matches the version published in PRD
Towards Augmenting Tip-Enhanced Nanoscopy with Optically Resolved Scanning Probe Tips
Creators: name: Belhassen, Jeremy
name: Glass, Simha
name: Stanciu, George A.
name: Tranca, Denis E.
name: Zalevsky, Zeev
name: Stanciu, Stefan G.
name: Karsenty, Avi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A thorough understanding of biological species and of emerging nanomaterials requires, among others, their in-depth characterization with optical techniques capable of nano-resolution. Nanoscopy techniques based on tip-enhanced optical effects have gained over the past years tremendous interest given their potential to probe various optical properties with resolutions depending on the size of a sharp probe interacting with focused light, irrespective of the illumination wavelength. Although their popularity and number of applications is rising, tip-enhanced nanoscopy techniques (TEN) still largely rely on probes that are not specifically developed for such applications, but for Atomic Force Microscopy. This cages their potential in many regards, e.g. in terms of signal-to-noise ratio, attainable image quality, or extent of applications. In this article we place first steps towards next-gen TEN, demonstrating the fabrication and modelling of specialized TEN probes with known optical properties. The proposed framework is highly flexible and can be easily adjusted to be of o benefit to various types of TEN techniques, for which probes with known optical properties could potentially enable faster and more accurate imaging via different routes, such as direct signal enhancement or novel signal modulation strategies. We consider that the reported development can pave the way for a vast number of novel TEN imaging protocols and applications, given the many advantages that it offers.
description: 24 pages, 9 figures
Functional analysis of Ectodysplasin-A mutations causing selective tooth agenesis
Creators: name: Kapadia, Hitesh
name: D'Souza, Rena N
name: Seaman, Robyn
name: Frazier-Bowers, Sylvia
name: Schneider, Pascal
name: Mues, Gabriele
name: Willen, Laure
name: Tardivel, Aubry
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: Mutations of the Ectodysplasin-A (EDA) gene are generally associated with the syndrome hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia (MIM 305100), but they can also manifest as selective, non-syndromic tooth agenesis (MIM300606). We have performed an in vitro functional analysis of six selective tooth agenesis-causing EDA mutations (one novel and five known) that are located in the C-terminal tumor necrosis factor homology domain of the protein. Our study reveals that expression, receptor binding or signaling capability of the mutant EDA1 proteins is only impaired in contrast to syndrome-causing mutations, which we have previously shown to abolish EDA1 expression, receptor binding or signaling. Our results support a model in which the development of the human dentition, especially of anterior teeth, requires the highest level of EDA-receptor signaling, whereas other ectodermal appendages, including posterior teeth, have less stringent requirements and form normally in response to EDA mutations with reduced activity.