cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Finite-Length and Asymptotic Analysis of Correlogram for Undersampled Data
Creators: name: Shaghaghi, Mahdi
name: Vorobyov, Sergiy A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper studies a spectrum estimation method for the case that the samples are obtained at a rate lower than the Nyquist rate. The method is referred to as the correlogram for undersampled data. The algorithm partitions the spectrum into a number of segments and estimates the average power within each spectral segment. This method is able to estimate the power spectrum density of a signal from undersampled data without essentially requiring the signal to be sparse. We derive the bias and the variance of the spectrum estimator, and show that there is a tradeoff between the accuracy of the estimation, the frequency resolution, and the complexity of the estimator. A closed-form approximation of the estimation variance is also derived, which clearly shows how the variance is related to different parameters. The asymptotic behavior of the estimator is also investigated, and it is proved that this spectrum estimator is consistent. Moreover, the estimation made for different spectral segments becomes uncorrelated as the signal length tends to infinity. Finally, numerical examples and simulation results are provided, which approve the theoretical conclusions.
description: 28 pages, 6 figures, submitted to the IEEE Trans. Signal Processing in May 2012 and current version in May 2013. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1202.2408
Homodyne detection of non-Gaussian quantum steering
Creators: name: Lopetegui, Carlos E.
name: Gessner, Manuel
name: Fadel, Matteo
name: Treps, Nicolas
name: Walschaers, Mattia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum correlations are at the core of current developments in quantum technologies. Certification protocols of entanglement and steering, suitable for continuous-variable non-Gaussian states are scarce and generally highly demanding from an experimental point of view. We propose a protocol based on Fisher information for witnessing steering in general continuous-variable bipartite states, through homodyne detection. It proves to be relevant for the detection of non-Gaussian steering in scenarios where witnesses based on Gaussian features like the covariance matrix are shown to fail.
description: 14 pages, 14 figures, comments are welcome!
Antiferromagnetic fluctuations and orbital-selective Mott transition in the van der Waals ferromagnet Fe3-xGeTe2
Creators: name: Bai, Xiaojian
name: Lechermann, Frank
name: Liu, Yaohua
name: Cheng, Yongqiang
name: Kolesnikov, Alexander I.
name: Ye, Feng
name: Williams, Travis J.
name: Chi, Songxue
name: Hong, Tao
name: Granroth, Garrett E.
name: May, Andrew F.
name: Calder, Stuart
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Fe3-xGeTe2 is a layered magnetic van der Waals material of interest for both fundamental and applied research. Despite the observation of intriguing physical properties, open questions exist even on the basic features related to magnetism: is it a simple ferromagnet or are there antiferromagnetic regimes and are the moments local or itinerant. Here, we demonstrate that antiferromagnetic spin fluctuations coexist with the ferromagnetism through comprehensive elastic and inelastic neutron scattering and thermodynamic measurements. Our realistic dynamical mean-field theory calculations reveal that the competing magnetic fluctuations are driven by an orbital selective Mott transition, where only the plane-perpendicular a1g orbital of the Fe(3d) manifold remains itinerant. Our results highlight the multi-orbital character in Fe3-xGeTe2 that supports a rare coexistence of local and itinerant physics within this material.
description: 16 pages, 3 main figures
Frequency and Phase Synchronization in Distributed Antenna Arrays Based on Consensus Averaging and Kalman Filtering
Creators: name: Rashid, Mohammed
name: Nanzer, Jeffrey A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: A decentralized approach for joint frequency and phase synchronization in distributed antenna arrays is presented. The nodes in the array share their frequencies and phases with their neighboring nodes to align these parameters across the array. Our signal model includes the frequency drifts and phase jitters of the local oscillators as well as the frequency and phase estimation errors at the nodes and models them using practical statistics. A decentralized frequency and phase consensus (DFPC) algorithm is proposed which uses an average consensus method in which each node in the array iteratively updates its frequency and phase by computing an average of the frequencies and phases of their neighboring nodes. Simulation results show that upon convergence the DFPC algorithm can align the frequencies and phases of all the nodes up to a residual phase error that is governed by the oscillators and the estimation errors. To reduce this residual phase error and thus improve the synchronization between the nodes, a Kalman filter based decentralized frequency and phase consensus (KF-DFPC) algorithm is presented. The total residual phase error at the convergence of the KF-DFPC and DFPC algorithms is derived theoretically. The synchronization performances of these algorithms are compared to each other in light of this theoretical residual phase error by varying the duration of the signals, connectivity of the nodes, the number of nodes in the array, and signal to noise ratio of the transmitted signals. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed KF-DFPC algorithm converges in fewer iterations than other algorithms including DFPC. Furthermore, for shorter intervals between local information broadcasts, the KF-DFPC algorithm significantly outperforms the DFPC algorithm in reducing the residual total phase error, irrespective of the signal to noise ratio of the received signals.
An AI-based Domain-Decomposition Non-Intrusive Reduced-Order Model for Extended Domains applied to Multiphase Flow in Pipes
Creators: name: Heaney, Claire E.
name: Wolffs, Zef
name: Tómasson, Jón Atli
name: Kahouadji, Lyes
name: Salinas, Pablo
name: Nicolle, André
name: Matar, Omar K.
name: Navon, Ionel M.
name: Srinil, Narakorn
name: Pain, Christopher C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The modelling of multiphase flow in a pipe presents a significant challenge for high-resolution computational fluid dynamics (CFD) models due to the high aspect ratio (length over diameter) of the domain. In subsea applications, the pipe length can be several hundreds of kilometres versus a pipe diameter of just a few inches. In this paper, we present a new AI-based non-intrusive reduced-order model within a domain decomposition framework (AI-DDNIROM) which is capable of making predictions for domains significantly larger than the domain used in training. This is achieved by using domain decomposition; dimensionality reduction; training a neural network to make predictions for a single subdomain; and by using an iteration-by-subdomain technique to converge the solution over the whole domain. To find the low-dimensional space, we explore several types of autoencoder networks, known for their ability to compress information accurately and compactly. The performance of the autoencoders is assessed on two advection-dominated problems: flow past a cylinder and slug flow in a pipe. To make predictions in time, we exploit an adversarial network which aims to learn the distribution of the training data, in addition to learning the mapping between particular inputs and outputs. This type of network has shown the potential to produce realistic outputs. The whole framework is applied to multiphase slug flow in a horizontal pipe for which an AI-DDNIROM is trained on high-fidelity CFD simulations of a pipe of length 10 m with an aspect ratio of 13:1, and tested by simulating the flow for a pipe of length 98 m with an aspect ratio of almost 130:1. Statistics of the flows obtained from the CFD simulations are compared to those of the AI-DDNIROM predictions to demonstrate the success of our approach.
description: 38 pages, 11 figures
SCARE Guideline Checklist.docx
Creators: name: Sasun, Anam
name: Qureshi, Mohammad Irshad
name: Raghuveer, Raghumahanti
name: Choubisa, Chitrakshi
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 420106
subject: Physiotherapy

description: This case report focuses on the benefits of targeting proprioceptors to improve dynamic trunk balance and quality of life in cerebellar ataxia.
A software package for stellar and solar inverse-Compton emission: Stellarics
Creators: name: Orlando, Elena
name: Strong, Andrew W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present our software to compute gamma-ray emission from inverse-Compton scattering by cosmic-ray leptons in the heliosphere, as well as in the photospheres of stars. It includes a formulation of modulation in the heliosphere, but it can be used for any user-defined modulation model. Profiles and spectra are output to FITS files in a variety of forms for convenient use. Also included are general-purpose inverse-Compton routines with other features like energy loss rates and emissivity for any user-defined target photon and lepton spectra. The software is publicly available and it is under continuing development.
description: Proceedings of the 9th Workshop on Science with the New Generation of High Energy Gamma-ray Experiments: From high energy gamma sources to cosmic rays, one century after their discovery (SciNeGHE, 20-22 June 2012, Lecce). Poster contribution. Accepted for publication in Nuclear Physics B: Proceedings Supplements
Investigating Student Teaching Directors’ Definitions of “Teacher” and Paradigms of Disability in Canadian Teacher Education Programs
Creators: name: Sokal, Laura
name: Woloshyn, Debra
name: Wilson, Alina
Publisher: name: Alberta Journal of Educational Research
Year: 2022

description: Directors of Student Teaching from teacher preparation programs across Canada were surveyed and then interviewed in follow-up focus groups to determine the opportunities and barriers they perceived during processes of placing pre-service teachers with disabilities into practicum settings. These data are interrogated within three theoretical frameworks about disability—the medical model, the social model, and the critical disability theory—to determine whether decision-making by Directors of Student Teaching reflects a predominant paradigm of disability. Deconstructions of the current concept of “teacher” are presented with reference to these three paradigms of disability. Key words: Teacher identity, disability theory, equity. Les directeurs de stages des programmes de formation à l'enseignement de tout le Canada ont été interrogés, puis interviewés dans le cadre de groupes de discussion de suivi, afin de déterminer les possibilités et les obstacles qu'ils perçoivent au cours des processus de placement des enseignants ayant un handicap dans des milieux de stage. Ces données sont étudiées selon trois cadres théoriques sur le handicap - le modèle médical, le modèle social et la théorie critique du handicap - afin de déterminer si la prise de décision des directeurs de stages reflète un paradigme prédominant du handicap. Des déconstructions du concept actuel « d'enseignant » sont présentées en référence à ces trois paradigmes du handicap. Mots clés: identité de l'enseignant, théorie du handicap, équité
description: Alberta Journal of Educational Research, Vol. 68 No. 1 (2022): Spring
Helicoids and vortices
Creators: name: Chen, Hao
name: Freese, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 53A10, 76B47

description: We point out an interesting connection between fluid dynamics and minimal surface theory: When gluing helicoids into a minimal surface, the limit positions of the helicoids correspond to a "vortex crystal", an equilibrium of point vortices in 2D fluid that move together as a rigid body. While vortex crystals have been studied for almost 150 years, the gluing construction of minimal surfaces is relatively new. As a consequence of the connection, we obtain many new minimal surfaces and some new vortex crystals by simply comparing notes.
description: 18 pages, 5 figures. Add converse statements as required by referees. Otherwise minor revision. Final before publishing
Supplemental Document 4 â€“ MELTS Modeling Details. Transcrustal Magmatic Systems: Evidence from Andesites of the Southern Taupo Volcanic Zone
Creators: name: Svoboda, Christopher
name: Rooney, Tyrone O.
name: Girard, Guillaume
name: Deering, Chad
Publisher: name: Geological Society of London
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Geology
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences

description: Document detailing modeling procedures and outcomes for modeling Ohakune pyroxene using Excel_MELTS software. Table D1: The non-normalized major element oxide composition (in weight percent) of Waimarino basalt TVZ-11 used as input for modeling, from Gamble et al. 1990. Table D2: Table summarizing observed pyroxenes, and modeled clinopyroxenes from MELTS_Excel simulations.
Solar source of energetic particles in interplanetary space during the 2006 December 13 event
Creators: name: Li, C.
name: Dai, Y.
name: Vial, J. -C.
name: Owen, C. J.
name: Matthews, S. A.
name: Tang, Y. H.
name: Fang, C.
name: Fazakerley, A. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An X3.4 solar flare and a fast halo coronal mass ejection (CME) occurred on 2006 December 13, accompanied by a high flux of energetic particles recorded both in near-Earth space and at ground level. Our purpose is to provide evidence of flare acceleration in a major solar energetic particle (SEP) event. We first present observations from ACE/EPAM, GOES, and the Apatity neutron monitor. It is found that the initial particle release time coincides with the flare emission and that the spectrum becomes softer and the anisotropy becomes weaker during particle injection, indicating that the acceleration source changes from a confined coronal site to a widespread interplanetary CME-driven shock. We then describe a comprehensive study of the associated flare active region. By use of imaging data from HINODE/SOT and SOHO/MDI magnetogram, we infer the flare magnetic reconnection rate in the form of the magnetic flux change rate. This correlates in time with the microwave emission, indicating a physical link between the flare magnetic reconnection and the acceleration of nonthermal particles. Combining radio spectrograph data from Huairou/NOAC, Culgoora/IPS, Learmonth/RSTN, and WAVES/WIND leads to a continuous and longlasting radio burst extending from a few GHz down to several kHz. Based on the photospheric vector magnetogram from Huairou/NOAC and the nonlinear force free field (NFFF) reconstruction method, we derive the 3D magnetic field configuration shortly after the eruption. Furthermore, we also compute coronal field lines extending to a few solar radii using a potential-field source-surface (PFSS) model. Both the so-called type III-l burst and the magnetic field configuration suggest that open-field lines extend from the flare active region into interplanetary space, allowing the accelerated and charged particles escape.
$\mathrm{Fe_3GeTe_2}$: A site-differentiated Hund metal
Creators: name: Kim, Taek Jung
name: Ryee, Siheon
name: Han, Myung Joon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Magnetism in two-dimensional (2D) van der Waals (vdW) materials has lately attracted considerable attention from the point of view of both fundamental science and device applications. Obviously, establishing the detailed and solid understanding of their magnetism is the key first step toward various applications. Although $\mathrm{Fe_3GeTe_2}$ is a representative ferromagnetic (FM) metal in this family, many aspects of its magnetic and electronic behaviors still remain elusive. Here, we report our new finding that $\mathrm{Fe_3GeTe_2}$ is a special type of correlated metal known as 'Hund metal'. Furthermore, we demonstrate that Hund metallicity in this material is quite unique by exhibiting remarkable site-dependence of Hund correlation strength, hereby dubbed 'site-differentiated Hund metal'. Within this new picture, many of previous experiments can be clearly understood including the ones that were seemingly contradictory to one another.
description: 8 pages, 3 figures
On the total mass of closed universes with a positive cosmological constant
Creators: name: Szabados, László B
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The recently suggested notion of total mass density for closed universes is extended to closed universes with a positive cosmological constant. Assuming that the matter fields satisfy the dominant energy condition, it is shown that the cosmological constant provides a sharp lower bound for the total mass density, and that the total mass density takes this as its minimum value if and only if the spacetime is locally isometric with the de Sitter spacetime. This notion of total mass density is extensible to non-compact three-spaces of homogeneity of Bianchi class A cosmological spacetimes.
description: 13 pages, minor corrections, final version appearing in Classical and Quantum Gravity
Multiple Similarity Drug-Target Interaction Prediction with Random Walks and Matrix Factorization
Creators: name: Liu, Bin
name: Papadopoulos, Dimitrios
name: Malliaros, Fragkiskos D.
name: Tsoumakas, Grigorios
name: Papadopoulos, Apostolos N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The discovery of drug-target interactions (DTIs) is a very promising area of research with great potential. The accurate identification of reliable interactions among drugs and proteins via computational methods, which typically leverage heterogeneous information retrieved from diverse data sources, can boost the development of effective pharmaceuticals. Although random walk and matrix factorization techniques are widely used in DTI prediction, they have several limitations. Random walk-based embedding generation is usually conducted in an unsupervised manner, while the linear similarity combination in matrix factorization distorts individual insights offered by different views. To tackle these issues, we take a multi-layered network approach to handle diverse drug and target similarities, and propose a novel optimization framework, called Multiple similarity DeepWalk-based Matrix Factorization (MDMF), for DTI prediction. The framework unifies embedding generation and interaction prediction, learning vector representations of drugs and targets that not only retain higher-order proximity across all hyper-layers and layer-specific local invariance, but also approximate the interactions with their inner product. Furthermore, we develop an ensemble method (MDMF2A) that integrates two instantiations of the MDMF model, optimizing the area under the precision-recall curve (AUPR) and the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) respectively. The empirical study on real-world DTI datasets shows that our method achieves statistically significant improvement over current state-of-the-art approaches in four different settings. Moreover, the validation of highly ranked non-interacting pairs also demonstrates the potential of MDMF2A to discover novel DTIs.
Flow Vorticity in Peripheral High Energy Heavy Ion Collisions
Creators: name: Csernai, L. P.
name: Magas, V. K.
name: Wang, D. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The vorticity development is studied in the reaction plane of peripheral relativistic heavy ion reactions where the initial state has substantial angular momentum. The earlier predicted rotation effect and Kelvin Helmholtz Instability, lead to significant initial vorticity and circulation. In low viscosity QGP this vorticity remains still significant at the time of freeze out of the system, even if damping due to the explosive expansion and the dissipation decreases the vorticity and circulation. In the reaction plane the vorticity arises from the initial angular momentum, and it is stronger than in the transverse plane where vorticity is caused by random fluctuations only.
Exploring the Bonding of Large Hydrocarbons on Noble Metals: Diindoperylene on Cu(111), Ag(111), and Au(111)
Creators: name: Bürker, C.
name: Ferri, N.
name: Tkatchenko, A.
name: Gerlach, A.
name: Niederhausen, J.
name: Hosokai, T.
name: Duhm, S.
name: Zegenhagen, J.
name: Koch, N.
name: Schreiber, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a benchmark study for the adsorption of a large pi-conjugated organic molecule on different noble metal surfaces, which is based on X-ray standing wave (XSW) measurements and density functional theory calculations with van der Waals (vdW) interactions. The bonding distances of diindenoperylene on Cu(111), Ag(111), and Au(111) surfaces (2.51 A, 3.01 A, and 3.10 A, respectively) determined with the normal incidence XSW technique are compared with calculations. Excellent agreement with the experimental data, i.e. deviations less than 0.1 A, is achieved using the Perdew-Burke-Ernzerhof functional with vdW interactions that include the collective response of substrate electrons (PBE+vdW^{surf} method). Noteworthy, the calculations show that the vdW contribution to the adsorption energy increases in the order Au(111) < Ag(111) < Cu(111).
description: 6 pages, 4 figures, accepted by Phys. Rev. B
Creating and Sustaining Safe and Inclusive Spaces for LGBTQ Youth: An Exploratory Investigation of the Role of Educational Professionals
Creators: name: Luceno, Andrew
name: Andrews, Dr. John (Jac)
name: Strong, Dr. Tom
Publisher: name: Alberta Journal of Educational Research
Year: 2022

description: Educators can play a critical role in buffering LGBTQ youth from potential victimization. As such, the present study explored the following questions: 1) What are the roles of educators (i.e., teachers, school administrators) with respect to promoting and creating safe and inclusive spaces for LGBTQ youth; 2) what unique contributions can educators make in nurturing those spaces; and, 3) what barriers do educators face in creating safe and inclusive spaces for LGBTQ youth? This study used a convergent parallel design mixed-methods approach. Descriptive statistics were gathered from survey results; the interview data was analyzed using thematic analysis in order to generate themes relevant to the research questions. Discussion focuses on the roles of educators and the barriers with respect to providing safe and inclusive spaces for LGBTQ youth. The paper concludes with empirical and practical implications of the study. Key words: LGBTQ, teachers, administrators, support, advocacy Les professionnels de l’éducation peuvent jouer un rôle essentiel en protégeant les jeunes LGBTQ d'une victimisation potentielle. Ainsi, la présente étude s'est penchée sur les questions suivantes : 1) Quels sont les rôles des professionnels de l’éducation (c'est-à-dire des enseignants et des administrateurs scolaires) en ce qui concerne la promotion et la création d'espaces sûrs et inclusifs pour les jeunes LGBTQ ? 2) Quelles contributions uniques les professionnels de l’éducation peuvent-ils apporter à la création de ces espaces ? 3) Quels obstacles les professionnels de l’éducation rencontrent-ils dans la création d'espaces sûrs et inclusifs pour les jeunes LGBTQ ? Cette étude a utilisé une approche mixte de méthodes convergentes et parallèles. Des statistiques descriptives ont été recueillies à partir des résultats de l'enquête ; les données des entretiens ont été analysées à l'aide d'une analyse thématique afin de générer des thèmes pertinents pour les questions de recherche. La discussion porte sur les rôles des professionnels de l’éducation et les obstacles à la création d'espaces sûrs et inclusifs pour les jeunes LGBTQ. L'article se termine en présentant les implications empiriques et pratiques de l'étude. Mots cles: LGBTQ, enseignants, administrateurs, soutien, plaidoyer
description: Alberta Journal of Educational Research, Vol. 68 No. 1 (2022): Spring
Supplemental Document 4 — MELTS Modeling Details. Transcrustal Magmatic Systems: Evidence from Andesites of the Southern Taupo Volcanic Zone
Creators: name: Svoboda, Christopher
name: Rooney, Tyrone O.
name: Girard, Guillaume
name: Deering, Chad
Publisher: name: Geological Society of London
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Geology
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences

description: Document detailing modeling procedures and outcomes for modeling Ohakune pyroxene using Excel_MELTS software. Table D1: The non-normalized major element oxide composition (in weight percent) of Waimarino basalt TVZ-11 used as input for modeling, from Gamble et al. 1990. Table D2: Table summarizing observed pyroxenes, and modeled clinopyroxenes from MELTS_Excel simulations.
Modulation of neutral interstellar He, Ne, O in the heliosphere. Survival probabilities and abundances at IBEX
Creators: name: Bzowski, M.
name: Sokół, J. M.
name: Kubiak, M. A.
name: Kucharek, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Direct sampling of neutral interstellar (NIS) atoms by the Interstellar Boundary Explorer (IBEX) can potentially provide a complementary method for studying element abundances in the Local Interstellar Cloud and processes in the heliosphere interface.}{We set the stage for abundance-aimed in-depth analysis of measurements of NIS He, Ne, and O by IBEX and determine systematic differences between abundances derived from various calculation methods and their uncertainties.}{Using a model of ionization rates of the NIS species in the heliosphere, based on independent measurements of the solar wind and solar EUV radiation, we develop a time-dependent method of calculating the survival probabilities of NIS atoms from the termination shock (TS) of the solar wind to IBEX. With them, we calculate densities of these species along the Earth's orbit and simulate the fluxes of NIS species as observed by IBEX. We study pairwise ratios of survival probabilities, densities and fluxes of NIS species at IBEX to calculate correction factors for inferring the abundances at TS.}{The analytic method to calculate the survival probabilities gives acceptable results only for He and Ne during low solar activity. For the remaining portions of the solar cycle, and at all times for O, a fully time dependent model should be used. Electron impact ionization is surprisingly important for NIS O. Interpreting the IBEX observations using the time dependent model yields the LIC Ne/O abundance of $0.16\pm40%$. The uncertainty is mostly due to uncertainties in the ionization rates and in the NIS gas flow vector.}{The Ne/He, O/He and Ne/O ratios for survival probabilities, local densities, and fluxes scaled to TS systematically differ and thus an analysis based only on survival probabilities or densities is not recommended, except the Ne/O abundance for observations at low solar activity.
description: Astronomy & Astrophysics, in press. Language and editing corrections implemented
Tunnelling current through fractional quantum Hall interferometers
Creators: name: Smits, Olaf
name: Simon, Steven H.
name: Slingerland, J. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate the tunnelling current through a Fabry-Pérot interferometer in the fractional quantum Hall regime. Within linear response theory (weak tunnelling but arbitrary source-drain voltage) we find a general expression for the current due to tunnelling of quasiparticles in terms of Carlson's $R$ function. Our result is valid for fractional quantum Hall states with an edge theory consisting of a charged channel and any number of neutral channels, with possibly different edge velocities and different chiralities. We analyse the case with a single neutral channel in detail, which applies for instance to the edge of the Moore-Read state. In addition we consider an asymmetric interferometer with different edge lengths between the point contacts on opposite edges, and we study the behaviour of the current as a function of varying edge length. Recent experiments attempted to measure the Aharanov-Bohm effect by changing the area inside the interferometer using a plunger gate. Theoretical analyses of these experiments have so far not taken into account the accompanying change in the edge lengths. We show that the tunnelling current exhibits multiple osculations as a function of this edge length, with frequencies proportional to the injected edge current and inversely proportional to the edge velocities. In particular the edge velocities can be measured by looking at the Fourier spectrum of the edge current. We provide a numerical scheme to calculate and plot the $R$ function, and include sample plots for a variety of edge states with parameter values which are experimentally relevant.
description: 30 pages, 14 figures
The Design, Construction, Operation and Performance of the Belle II Silicon Vertex Detector
Creators: name: Forti, Francesco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Silicon Vertex Detector of Belle II is a state-of-the-art tracking and vertexing system based on double-sided silicon strip sensors, designed and fabricated by a large international collaboration in the period 2012--2018. Since 2019 it has been in operation providing high quality data with a small number of defective channels (<1%), a large hit-finding efficiency (>99%), a good signal-to-noise ratio (well in excess of 10 for all sensor configurations and tracks). Together with the good control over the alignment, these are all essential factors to achieve good tracking reconstruction and physics performance. In this extended paper we try to document all the aspects of the SVD challenges and achievements, in the spirit of providing information to the broader community and help the development of high quality detector systems, which are fundamental tools to carry out physics research.
description: 199 pages, 152 figures
Insights Into AGN and Host Galaxy Co-evolution From Hard X-ray Emission
Creators: name: Wang, J.
name: Zhou, X. L.
name: Wei, J. Y
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the AGN-host co-evolution issue here by focusing on the correlation between the hard X-ray emission from central AGNs and the stellar populations of the host galaxies. By focusing on the galaxies with strong H$α$ line emission (EW(H$α)>5$Å), both X-ray and optical spectral analysis are performed on 67 (partially) obscured AGNs that are selected from the \it XMM-Newton\rm\ 2XMMi/SDSS-DR7 catalog originally cross-matched by Pineau et al. The sample allows us to study central AGN activity and host galaxy directly and simultaneously in individual objects. Combining the spectral analysis in both bands reveals that the older the stellar population of the host galaxy, the harder the X-ray emission will be, which was missed in our previous study where the \it ROSAT\rm\ hardness ratios are used. By excluding the contamination from the host galaxies and from the jet beaming emission, the correlation indicates that the Compton cooling in the accretion disk corona decreases with the mean age of the stellar population. We argue that the correlation is related to the correlation of $L/L_{\mathrm{Edd}}$ with the host stellar population. In addition, the [\ion{O}{1}]/H$α$ and [\ion{S}{2}]/H$α$ narrow-line ratios are identified to correlate with the spectral slope in hard X-ray, which can be inferred from the currently proposed evolution of the X-ray emission because of the confirmed tight correlations between the two line ratios and stellar population age.
description: accepted by ApJ, 35 pages, 9 figures and 4 tables
Impact of sintering temperature on room temperature magneto-resistive and magneto-caloric properties of Pr2/3Sr1/3MnO3
Creators: name: Bhatt, Ramesh Chandra
name: Singh, Shiva Kumar
name: Srivastava, P. C.
name: Agarwal, S. K.
name: Awana, V. P. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Magneto-resistive and magneto-caloric properties of polycrystalline Pr2/3Sr1/3MnO3 have been studied as a function of sintering temperature (Ts) between 1260-1450°C. Reitveld refinement of their X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns confirms their single phase crystalline structure with orthorhombic Pbnm space group. The point of maximum value of temperature coefficient of resistance (TCRmax) and Curie temperature (Tc) decreased slightly with Ts. Magneto-resistance (MR) and magnetic entropy (ΔSM) increased markedly with sintering temperature. This could be attributed to the observed sharpness of both the magnetic and resistive transitions due to better grain connectivity. Optimum results are obtained for the sample with Ts = 1400°C. MR at Tc of the same is found to be as large as 32% at 1T and 58% at 5T magnetic fields. The maximum entropy change (ΔSMmax) near its Tc is 2.3Jkg-1K-1 and 7.8 Jkg-1K-1 upon 1T and 5T fields change respectively. These characteristics [MR (32% 1T, 58% 5T) and reasonable change in magnetic entropy (7.8Jkg-1K-1, 5T)] generate possibility that the optimized compound can be used as a potential magnetic refrigerant close to room temperature.
description: 19 pages text + figs
Rashba-induced spin texture and spin-layer-locking effects in the antiferromagnetic CrI3 bilayer
Creators: name: Ghosh, Sukanya
name: Stojic, Natasa
name: Binggeli, Nadia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The antiferromagnetic (AFM) CrI$_3$ bilayer is a particularly interesting representative of van der Waals 2D semiconductors, which are currently being studied for their magnetism and for their potential in spintronics. Using ab initio density-functional theory calculations, we investigate the spin texture in momentum space of the states of the (doubly degenerate) highest valence band of the AFM CrI$_3$ bilayer with Cr-spin moments perpendicular to the layers. We find the existence, in the main central part of the Brillouin zone, of a Rashba in-plane spin texture of opposite signs on the two layers, resulting from the intrinsic local electric fields acting on each layer. To study the layer segregation of the wavefunctions, we apply a small electric field that splits the degenerate states according to their layer occupancy. We find that the wavefunctions of the highest valence band are layer-segregated, belonging to only one of the two layers with opposite in-plane spin textures, and the segregation occurs over nearly the whole Brillouin zone. The corresponding layer locking of the in-plane-canted spin is related to the separation in energy of the highest AFM band from the rest of the valence bands. We explain how the band interactions destroy the layer locking at the $K$, $K'$, and $Γ$ points. Furthermore, we compare the layer locking of the in-plane-canted spin in our AFM bilayer system with the hidden spin polarization in centrosymmetric nonmagnetic materials, pointing out the differences in segregation mechanisms and their consequences for the layer locking. We note that a similar Rashba effect with layer locking of in-plane-canted spin could occur in other van der Waals AFM bilayers with strong spin-orbit coupling and an isolated energy band.
description: 20 pages, 4 figures in main text, 1 figure in Appendix, and 6 figures in Supporting Information
Coherent topological defect dynamics and collective modes in superconductors and electronic crystals
Creators: name: Mihailovic, Dragan
name: Mertelj, Tomaz
name: Kabanov, Viktor V
name: Brazovskii, Serguei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The control of condensed matter systems out of equilibrium by laser pulses allows us to investigate the system trajectories through symmetry-breaking phase transitions. Thus the evolution of both collective modes and single particle excitations can be followed through diverse phase transitions with femtosecond resolution. Here we present experimental observations of the order parameter trajectory in the normal-superconductor transition and charge-density wave ordering transitions. Of particular interest is the coherent evolution of topological defects forming during the transition via the Kibble-Zurek mechanism, which appears to be measurable in optical pump probe experiments. Experiments on CDW systems reveal some new phenomena, such as coherent oscillations of the order parameter, the creation and emission of dispersive amplitudon modes upon the annihilation of topological defects, and mixing with weakly coupled finite-frequency (massive) bosons.
Constraints on porosity and mass loss in O-star winds from modeling of X-ray emission line profile shapes
Creators: name: Leutenegger, Maurice A.
name: Cohen, David H.
name: Sundqvist, Jon O.
name: Owocki, Stanley P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We fit X-ray emission line profiles in high resolution XMM-Newton and Chandra grating spectra of the early O supergiant Zeta Pup with models that include the effects of porosity in the stellar wind. We explore the effects of porosity due to both spherical and flattened clumps. We find that porosity models with flattened clumps oriented parallel to the photosphere provide poor fits to observed line shapes. However, porosity models with isotropic clumps can provide acceptable fits to observed line shapes, but only if the porosity effect is moderate. We quantify the degeneracy between porosity effects from isotropic clumps and the mass-loss rate inferred from the X-ray line shapes, and we show that only modest increases in the mass-loss rate (
description: 20 pages, 20 figures. Accepted by ApJ
IMAGE CAPTIONING USING TRANSFORMER ARCHITECTURE
Creators: name: Nanal, Wrucha A
Publisher: name: Purdue University Graduate School
Year: 2022
Subjects: Machine learning not elsewhere classified
Deep learning
Natural language processing
Computer vision

description: The domain of Deep Learning that is related to generation of textual description of images is called ‘Image Captioning.’ The central idea behind Image Captioning is to identify key features of an image and create meaningful sentences that describe the image. The current popular models include image captioning using Convolution Neural Network - Long Short-Term Memory (CNN-LSTM) based models and Attention based models. This research work first identifies the drawbacks of existing image captioning models namely – sequential style of execution, vanishing gradient problem and lack of context during training. This work aims at resolving the discovered problems by creating a Contextually Aware Image Captioning (CATIC) Model. The Transformer architecture, which solves the issues of vanishing gradients and sequential execution, forms the basis of the suggested model. In order to inject the contextualized embeddings of the caption sentences, this work uses Bidirectional Encoder Representation of Transformers (BERT). This work uses Remote Sensing Image Captioning Dataset. The results of the CATIC model are evaluated using BLEU, METEOR and ROGUE scores. On comparison the proposed model outperforms the CNN-LSTM model in all metrices. When compared to the Attention based model’s metrices, the CATIC model outperforms for BLEU2 and ROGUE metrices and gives competitive results for others.
A Universal Graph Deep Learning Interatomic Potential for the Periodic Table
Creators: name: Chen, Chi
name: Ong, Shyue Ping
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Interatomic potentials (IAPs), which describe the potential energy surface of atoms, are a fundamental input for atomistic simulations. However, existing IAPs are either fitted to narrow chemistries or too inaccurate for general applications. Here, we report a universal IAP for materials based on graph neural networks with three-body interactions (M3GNet). The M3GNet IAP was trained on the massive database of structural relaxations performed by the Materials Project over the past 10 years and has broad applications in structural relaxation, dynamic simulations and property prediction of materials across diverse chemical spaces. About 1.8 million materials were identified from a screening of 31 million hypothetical crystal structures to be potentially stable against existing Materials Project crystals based on M3GNet energies. Of the top 2000 materials with the lowest energies above hull, 1578 were verified to be stable using DFT calculations. These results demonstrate a machine learning-accelerated pathway to the discovery of synthesizable materials with exceptional properties.
Constraining GRB as Source for UHE Cosmic Rays through Neutrino Observations
Creators: name: Chen, Pisin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The origin of ultra-high energy cosmic rays (UHECR) has been widely regarded as one of the major questions in the frontiers of particle astrophysics. Gamma ray bursts (GRB), the most violent explosions in the universe second only to the Big Bang, have been a popular candidate site for UHECR productions. The recent IceCube report on the non-observation of GRB induced neutrinos therefore attracts wide attention. This dilemma requires a resolution: either the assumption of GRB as UHECR accelerator is to be abandoned or the expected GRB induced neutrino yield was wrong. It has been pointed out that IceCube has overestimated the neutrino flux at GRB site by a factor of $\sim 5$. In this paper we point out that, in addition to the issue of neutrino production at source, the neutrino oscillation and the possible neutrino decay during their flight from GRB to Earth should further reduce the detectability of IceCube, which is most sensitive to the muon-neutrino flavor as far as point-source identification is concerned. Specifically, neutrino oscillation will reduce the muon-neutrino flavor ratio from 2/3 per neutrino at GRB source to 1/3 on Earth, while neutrino decay, if exists and under the assumption of normal hierarchy of mass eigenstates, would result in a further reduction of muon-neutrino ratio to 1/8. With these in mind, we note that there have been efforts in recent years in pursuing other type of neutrino telescopes based on Askaryan effect, which can in principle observe and distinguish all three flavors with comparable sensitivities. Such new approach may therefore be complementary to IceCube in shedding more lights on this cosmic accelerator question.
description: 9 pages, 1 figure
QAC: Quantum-computing Aided Composition
Creators: name: Hamido, Omar Costa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Emerging Technologies (cs.ET)
subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: Sound (cs.SD)
subject: Audio and Speech Processing (eess.AS)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: J.5; D.2.2

description: In this chapter I will discuss the role of quantum computing in computer music and how it can be integrated to better serve the creative artists. I will start by considering different approaches in current computer music and quantum computing tools, as well as reviewing some previous attempts to integrate them. Then, I will reflect on the meaning of this integration and present what I coined as QAC (Quantum-computing Aided Composition) as well as an early attempt at realizing it. This chapter will also introduce The QAC Toolkit Max package, analyze its performance, and explore some examples of what it can offer to realtime creative practice. Lastly, I will present a real case scenario of QAC in the creative work Disklavier Prelude #3.
description: Pre-publication draft, to appear in book 'Quantum Computer Music', E. R. Miranda (Ed.)
On the pressure decline analysis for hydraulic fractures in elasto-plastic materials
Creators: name: Wrobel, Michal
name: Papanastasiou, Panos
name: Dutko, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper the problem of a plane strain hydraulic fracture in elasto-plastic material is analyzed. The analysis is based on Finite Element Method computations of crack propagation and closure to simulate the Mini-Frac calibration test. The basic trends of fracture evolution are identified for both, the propagation and the closure stage in elasto-plastic materials and compared with the results obtained for purely elastic deformation of rock. Pressure decline analysis is conducted to identify the closure stress and leak-off coefficient. The results show that the standard techniques of pressure decline analysis can be adopted also for the case where the fractured material deforms inelastically.