cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Value Driven Representation for Human-in-the-Loop Reinforcement Learning
Creators: name: Keramati, Ramtin
name: Brunskill, Emma
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Interactive adaptive systems powered by Reinforcement Learning (RL) have many potential applications, such as intelligent tutoring systems. In such systems there is typically an external human system designer that is creating, monitoring and modifying the interactive adaptive system, trying to improve its performance on the target outcomes. In this paper we focus on algorithmic foundation of how to help the system designer choose the set of sensors or features to define the observation space used by reinforcement learning agent. We present an algorithm, value driven representation (VDR), that can iteratively and adaptively augment the observation space of a reinforcement learning agent so that is sufficient to capture a (near) optimal policy. To do so we introduce a new method to optimistically estimate the value of a policy using offline simulated Monte Carlo rollouts. We evaluate the performance of our approach on standard RL benchmarks with simulated humans and demonstrate significant improvement over prior baselines.
Large Area Mapping at 850 Microns. IV. Analysis of the Clump Distribution in the Orion B South Molecular Cloud
Creators: name: Johnstone, Doug
name: Matthews, Henry
name: Mitchell, George F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present results from a survey of a 1300 arcmin^2 region of the Orion B South molecular cloud, including NGC 2024, NGC 2023, and the Horsehead Nebula (B33), obtained using the Submillimetre Common-User Bolometer Array (SCUBA) on the James Clerk Maxwell Telescope. Submillimeter continuum observations at 450 microns and 850 microns are discussed. Using an automated algorithm, 57 discrete emission features (``clumps'') are identified in the 850 micron map. The physical conditions within these clumps are investigated under the assumption that the objects are in quasi-hydrostatic equilibrium. The best fit dust temperature for the clumps is found to be T_d = 18 +/- 4 K, with the exception of those associated with the few known far infrared sources residing in NGC 2024. The latter internally heated sources are found to be much warmer. In the region surrounding NGC 2023, the clump dust temperatures agree with clump gas temperatures determined from molecular line excitation measurements of the CO molecule. The bounding pressure on the clumps lies in the range log(k^-1 P cm^3 K^-1) = 6.1 +/- 0.3. The cumulative mass distribution is steep at the high mass end, as is the stellar Initial Mass Function. The distribution flattens significantly at lower masses, with a turn-over around 3 -- 10 M_sun.
description: 41 pages, 16 figures, accepted by ApJ
The Emergency of Pico-Kelvin Physics
Creators: name: Chen, Xuzong
name: Fan, Bo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The frontier of low-temperature physics has advanced to the mid pico-Kelvin (pK) regime but progress has come to a halt because of the problem of gravity. Ultra cold atoms must be confined in some type of potential energy well: if the depth of the well is less than the energy an atom gains by falling through it, the atom escapes. This article reviews ultra cold atom research, emphasizing the advances that carried the low temperature frontier to 450 pico-Kelvin. We review micro gravity methods for overcoming the gravitation limit to achieve further low temperature using free fall techniques such as a drop tower, sounding rocket, parabolic flight plane and the Space Station. We describe two techniques that give promise of further advance--an atom chip and an all-optical trap--and present recent experimental results. Basic research in new regimes of observation has generally led to scientific discoveries and new technologies that benefit society. We expect this to be the case as the low temperature frontier advances and we propose some new opportunities for research.
description: 53 pages, 39 figures, and 2 tables
Indication for Primordial Anisotropies in the Neutrino Background from WMAP and SDSS
Creators: name: Trotta, Roberto
name: Melchiorri, Alessandro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate that combining Cosmic Microwave Background anisotropy measurements from the 1st year WMAP observations with clustering data from the SLOAN galaxy redshift survey yields an indication for primordial anisotropies in the cosmological Neutrino Background.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures (1 new figure). Discussion expanded following referee suggestions, assumption on the number of massless neutrino families relaxed. Conclusions largely unchanged
AUTO3D: Novel view synthesis through unsupervisely learned variational viewpoint and global 3D representation
Creators: name: Liu, Xiaofeng
name: Che, Tong
name: Lu, Yiqun
name: Yang, Chao
name: Li, Site
name: You, Jane
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper targets on learning-based novel view synthesis from a single or limited 2D images without the pose supervision. In the viewer-centered coordinates, we construct an end-to-end trainable conditional variational framework to disentangle the unsupervisely learned relative-pose/rotation and implicit global 3D representation (shape, texture and the origin of viewer-centered coordinates, etc.). The global appearance of the 3D object is given by several appearance-describing images taken from any number of viewpoints. Our spatial correlation module extracts a global 3D representation from the appearance-describing images in a permutation invariant manner. Our system can achieve implicitly 3D understanding without explicitly 3D reconstruction. With an unsupervisely learned viewer-centered relative-pose/rotation code, the decoder can hallucinate the novel view continuously by sampling the relative-pose in a prior distribution. In various applications, we demonstrate that our model can achieve comparable or even better results than pose/3D model-supervised learning-based novel view synthesis (NVS) methods with any number of input views.
description: ECCV 2020
A Perspective on Helmberger and Hoos' Theory of Cooperatives
Creators: name: Sexton, Richard J.
name: Sexton, Richard J.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1995
Subjects: Agribusiness

description: Helmberger and Hoos' (HH) 1962 paper is a landmark in the economic theory of agricultural cooperatives, Along with the related work by Helmberger (1964), it represented the definitive treatment of marketing cooperative behavior and standard reading for graduate students in agricultural marketing for more than two decades, To understand fully HH's paper, appreciate its many strengths, and also recognize its weaknesses: one must interpret it both in the context of the work on cooperatives that preceded it over the prior two decades and in the framework of developments in general economic theory at that time, In this comment I attempt to provide such a perspective.
Africoseius areolatus Krantz 1962
Creators: name: Barros, Avyla R. A.
name: Castilho, Raphael C.
name: De Moraes, Gilberto J.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Mesostigmata
Ascidae
Africoseius
Africoseius areolatus

description: 01. Africoseius areolatus Krantz, 1962
 Africoseius areolatus Krantz, 1962: 22.
 Africoseius areolatus.— Karg & Schorlemmer, 2009: 64.
 Type depository. The institute where it was deposited (Institute of National Parks of the Belgian Congo and Ruanda-Urundi) is no longer in operation. The specimens could also not be located at the Royal Museum of Central Africa (Tervuren) or the Royal Museum of Natural Sciences (Brussels).
 Type locality and habitat. Democratic Republic of the Congo, Garamba National Park, 24 April 1952, in forest litter.
 Note. Halliday et al. (1998: 46) considered Neojordensia lativentris Karg to be a junior synonym of A. areolatus. However, Rueda-Ramírez et al. (2019: 2390) did not accep that synonymy, a decision also adopted in this publication.
description: Published as part of Barros, Avyla R. A., Castilho, Raphael C. & De Moraes, Gilberto J., 2020, Catalogue of the mite family Podocinidae Berlese (Acari: Mesostigmata), pp. 141-156 in Zootaxa 4802 (1) on page 147, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4802.1.9, http://zenodo.org/record/3904968
Additional file 2 of Seamless integration of image and molecular analysis for spatial transcriptomics workflows
Creators: name: Bergenstråhle, Joseph
name: Larsson, Ludvig
name: Lundeberg, Joakim
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Additional file 2: Supplementary figure S1-S10.
A Characterization of Model Multi-colour Sets
Creators: name: Lee, Jeong-Yup
name: Moody, Robert V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Metric Geometry (math.MG)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 52C23;37B50

description: Model sets are always Meyer sets, but not vice-versa. This article is about characterizing model sets (general and regular) amongst the Meyer sets in terms of two associated dynamical systems. These two dynamical systems describe two very different topologies on point sets, one local and one global. In model sets these two are strongly interconnected and this connection is essentially definitive. The paper is set in the context of multi-colour sets, that is to say, point sets in which points come in a finite number of colours, that are loosely coupled together by finite local complexity.
description: 23pages; to appear in Annales Henri Poincare
Strict Mittag-Leffler modules and purely generated classes
Creators: name: Rothmaler, Philipp
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 16D40, 16B70, 16D80, 16S90

description: We study versions of strict Mittag-Leffler modules relativized to a class $\cK$ (of modules), that is, \emph{strict} versions (in the technical sense of Raynaud and Gruson) of $\cK$-Mittag-Leffler modules, as investigated in the preceding paper, {\em Mittag-Leffler modules and definable subcategories}, in this very series (as well as the arXiv).
A PROFITABILITY ANALYSIS OF DAIRY FEEDING SYSTEMS IN THE NORTHEAST
Creators: name: Winsten, Jonathan R.
name: Parsons, Robert L.
name: Hanson, Gregory D.
name: Winsten, Jonathan R.
name: Parsons, Robert L.
name: Hanson, Gregory D.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2000
Subjects: Livestock Production/Industries

description: This study analyzes the use and profitability of three distinct feeding systems; confinement feeding, traditional grazing, and management-intensive grazing from a randomly selected sample of northeastern dairy farms. The confinement feeding farms were significantly larger and produced more milk per cow, while the farms using management-intensive grazing incurred the lowest production costs. Both confinement feeding and management-intensive grazing generated significantly higher rates of return to farm assets relative to farms using a mixed system. Multiple regression analysis confirms the critical importance of herd size, milk production per cow, debt level and veterinary expenses to farm profitability in all production systems.
Additional file 4 of Comparison of outcomes of pedicled jejunal and colonic conduit for esophageal reconstruction
Creators: name: Sicong Jiang
name: Changying Guo
name: Zou, Bin
name: Jianguo Xie
name: Zhihui Xiong
name: Yukang Kuang
name: Jianjun Tang
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Physiology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 4.
Eucharistische Textfragmente einer koptisch-saidischen Handschrift
Creators: name: Zentgraf, Käte
Publisher: name: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients
Year: 2024

description: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients, Bd. 43 (1959): Oriens christianus, Band 43
AGRICULTURAL ECONOMISTS' EFFECTIVENESS IN REPORTING AND CONVEYING RESEARCH PROCEDURES AND RESULTS
Creators: name: Parcell, Joseph L.
name: Kastens, Terry L.
name: Dhuyvetter, Kevin C.
name: Schroeder, Ted C.
name: Parcell, Joseph L.
name: Kastens, Terry L.
name: Dhuyvetter, Kevin C.
name: Schroeder, Ted C.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2000
Subjects: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods

description: This study reviews articles using regression analysis published in the Journal of Agricultural and Resource Economics from 1994 to 1998 to determine agricultural economists' effectiveness in reporting and conveying research procedures and results. Based on the authors' experience of surveying articles for this study, several suggestions for reporting of results and how to better separate statistical from economic significance are offered. First, clearly define the dependent variable- preferably in the results table as well as within the text. Second, report parameter estimates in an interpretable form either in the results table or in a subsequent table. Third, report summary statistics. Fourth, report degrees of freedom conspicuously in the results table. Fifth, report if statistically insignificant variables have been dropped. Lastly, weigh economic importance aside from statistical significance and use simulation to express economic significance where appropriate.
EVALUATING THE ECONOMIC IMPACTS OF REGIONAL MILK PRICING AUTHORITIES: THE CASE OF DAIRY COMPACTS
Creators: name: Bailey, Kenneth W.
name: Bailey, Kenneth W.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2000
Subjects: Demand and Price Analysis

description: Congress consented to the creation of the Northeast Interstate Dairy Compact in the 1996 Federal Agriculture Improvement and Reform Act. Interest is now growing in expanding this compact and creating new multi-regional dairy compacts. Dairy compacts provide a floor for Class I fluid prices and thus stabilize and enhance farm milk prices in compact regions. This analysis indicates that multi-regional dairy compacts will result in clear economic tradeoffs between dairy farmers, processors, retailers, and consumers. While dairy farmers within the compact region may economically benefit from higher farm milk prices, processors, retailers and consumers in the compact region and dairy farmers outside the compact region will face economic losses.
A low-velocity bipolar outflow from a deeply embedded object in Taurus revealed by the Atacama Compact Array
Creators: name: Fujishiro, Kakeru
name: Tokuda, Kazuki
name: Tachihara, Kengo
name: Takashima, Tatsuyuki
name: Fukui, Yasuo
name: Zahorecz, Sarolta
name: Saigo, Kazuya
name: Matsumoto, Tomoaki
name: Tomida, Kengo
name: Machida, Masahiro N.
name: Inutsuka, Shu-ichiro
name: André, Philippe
name: Kawamura, Akiko
name: Onishi, Toshikazu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The first hydrostatic core, the first quasi-hydrostatic object formed during the star formation process, is still the observational missing link between the prestellar and protostellar phases, mainly due to its short lifetime. Although we have not established a clear method to identify this rare object, recent theoretical studies predict that the first core has millimeter continuum emission and low-velocity outflow with a wide opening angle. An extensive continuum/outflow survey toward a large number of $"$starless$"$ cores in nearby star-forming regions works as a pathfinder. We observed 32 prestellar cores in Taurus with an average density of $\gtrsim$10$^5$ cm$^{-3}$ in 1.3 mm continuum and molecular lines using the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array$-$Atacama Compact Array (ALMA$-$ACA) stand-alone mode. Among the targets, MC35-mm centered at one of the densest $"$starless$"$ cores in Taurus has blueshifted/redshifted wings in the $^{12}$CO (2-1) line, indicating that there is deeply embedded object driving molecular outflow. The observed velocities and sizes of the possible outflow lobes are 2-4 km s$^{-1}$, and $\sim$2 $\times$10$^3$ au, respectively, and the dynamical time is calculated to be $\sim$10$^3$ yr. In addition to this, the core is one of the strongest N$_2$D$^{+}$ (3-2) emitters in our sample. All of the observed signatures do not conflict with any of the theoretical predictions about the first hydrostatic core so far, and thus MC35-mm is unique as the only first-core candidate in the Taurus molecular cloud.
description: 9 pages, 4 tables, 1 table, Accepted for publication in ApJL
Sleeping with the hegemony : subtitle British cinema and Hollywood in the 1990s
Creators: name: Stubbs, Jonathan
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: This thesis deals with British film production in the 1990s and the ways it has adapted to Hollywood's stranglehold on global markets. It is my view that the tendency to connect Britain's volatile industrial production base with the weakness of British cinema generally, a belief shared by film scholars and popular journalists alike, fails to take into account the more complex discourses that British films have come to inhabit. My argument proceeds as follows: In my introduction I outline the terms in which critics have generally discussed British cinema, focusing particularly on the nationalism and pessimism that colours their arguments. Chapter One examines the manner in which cinema in Britain came to be dominated by Hollywood and the way the British film establishment has ultimately acquiesced to its presence. My second chapter looks at the idea of national cinema, which has often been mobilised as a means to counter Hollywood domination, arguing that the concept has little relevance to the way film is produced and consumed in Britain. By analysing the impact of globalisation on film, I argue that British cinema is better defined not in terms of where it is produced but of what it represents. Chapters Three and Four thus examine the two principle discourses governing representations of Britain: the British past and the British actor. The former discourse is strongly connected to the British heritage film aesthetic, which emerged in the 1980s and was subsequently appropriated by Hollywood as a means to invoke a sense of the bygone. The latter discourse centres on the representations of British nrasculinity and femininity produced in the performances of British actors, which are typically constructed in opposition to Hollywood norms. Representations of Britain in 1990s British cinema have thus proved migratory; they have transcended their circumstances of production and been adopted by the international Hollywood system, in the process giving them an enormous global currency. As a result of these changes, and despite the inadequacies of the film industry in Britain, British cinema can therefore be said to be in solid shape.
Two Populations of Young Massive Star Clusters in Arp 220
Creators: name: Wilson, Christine D.
name: Harris, William E.
name: Longden, Rebecca
name: Scoville, N. Z.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present new optical observations of young massive star clusters in Arp 220, the nearest ultraluminous infrared galaxy, taken in UBVI with the Hubble Space Telescope ACS/HRC camera. We find a total of 206 probable clusters whose spatial distribution is centrally concentrated toward the nucleus of Arp 220. We use model star cluster tracks to determine ages, luminosities, and masses for 14 clusters with complete UBVI indices or previously published near-infrared data. We estimate rough masses for 24 additional clusters with I < 24 mag from BVI indices alone. The clusters with useful ages fall into two distinct groups: a ``young'' population (< 10 Myr) and an intermediate-age population (~300 Myr). There are many clusters with masses clearly above 10^6 Msun and possibly even above 10^7 Msun in the most extreme instances. These masses are high enough that the clusters being formed in the Arp 220 starburst can be considered as genuine young globular clusters. In addition, this study allows us to extend the observed correlation between global star formation rate and maximum cluster luminosity by more than an order of magnitude in star formation rate.
description: 30 pages, 8 figures; figs 1-3 in color; accepted to ApJ
Bivalvos, los filtros del mar
Creators: name: Ortigosa, Deneb
name: Suárez-Mozo, Nancy Yolimar
name: Vital, Xochitl
name: Castillo, Raúl
name: Ugalde, Diana
name: Simoes, Nuno
name: Guerra, Alberto
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biodiversity
subject: Caribbean
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecosystem Ecology
subject: Gulf of Mexico
subject: Marine Biodiversity
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Marine Ecology
subject: Marine Environment
subject: Species diversity
subject: Bivalves

description: This Infographic is a product of BDMY (https://www.bdmy.org.mx) project, that
 was produced with funds of the Harte Research Institute for Gulf of
 Mexico Studies, and CONABIO (Mexico).
 The information in the infographic was reviewed and validated by a
 group of specialists in the taxon.
Additional file 3 of Comparison of outcomes of pedicled jejunal and colonic conduit for esophageal reconstruction
Creators: name: Sicong Jiang
name: Changying Guo
name: Zou, Bin
name: Jianguo Xie
name: Zhihui Xiong
name: Yukang Kuang
name: Jianjun Tang
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Physiology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 3.
TESTING SIGNIFICANCE OF MULTI-DESTINATION AND MULTI-PURPOSE TRIP EFFECTS IN A TRAVEL COST METHOD DEMAND MODEL FOR WHALE WATCHING TRIPS
Creators: name: Loomis, John B.
name: Yorizane, Shizuka
name: Larson, Douglas M.
name: Loomis, John B.
name: Yorizane, Shizuka
name: Larson, Douglas M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2000
Subjects: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy

description: Inclusion of multi-destination and multi-purpose visitors has an appreciable influence on a standard count data travel cost model derived estimate of willingness to pay but the differences are not statistically significant. We adapt a more general travel cost model (TCM) of Parsons and Wilson (1997) that allows for inclusion of multi-destination visitors as incidental demand to allow estimation of an unbiased measure of single and multi-destination willingness to pat for whale viewing using a single pooled equation. The primary purpose trip values from the standard TCM and simple generalized TCM model are identical at $43 per person per day and neither are significantly different from the $50 day value from a generalized model that distinguishes between joint and incidental trips. The general models avoid underestimation of total recreation site benefits that would result from omitting the consumer surplus of multi-destination visitors.
An Imaging Study of the Globular Cluster Systems of NGC 1407 and NGC 1400
Creators: name: Forbes, Duncan
name: Sanchez-Blazquez, Patricia
name: Phan, Anna
name: Brodie, Jean
name: Strader, Jay
name: Spitler, Lee
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present wide-field Keck telescope imaging of the globular cluster (GC) systems around NGC 1407 and NGC 1400 in the Eridanus galaxy cloud. This is complemented by Hubble Space Telescope images from the Advanced Camera for Surveys of NGC 1407 and Wide Field and Planetary Camera 2 images of NGC 1400. We clearly detect bimodality in the GC colour distribution of NGC 1407. The blue GC subpopulation has a mean colour of B-I = 1.61 and a relative contribution of around 40%, whereas the red subpopulation with B-I = 2.06 contributes 60% to the overall GC system. Assuming old ages, this corresponds to [Fe/H] = -1.45 and -0.19. Both subpopulations are intrinsically broad in colour (indicating a range in ages and/or metallicities), with the red subpopulation being broader than the blue. The GC colour distribution for NGC 1400 is less clear cut than for NGC 1407, however, we also find evidence for a bimodal distribution. We find the NGC 1407 red GCs to be 20% smaller in size than the blue ones. We find both GC systems to possess a GC surface density distribution which is largely constant in these inner galaxy regions. We fit isothermal-like profiles and derive GC system core radii of 9.4 kpc for NGC 1407 and 5.8 kpc for NGC 1400. For NGC 1407 we are able to separate the surface density distribution into blue and red subpopulations, giving 17.8 and 7.6 kpc respectively. Outside this central region, the radial profile of the GC surface density is similar to that of the galaxy light for NGC 1407 but it is flatter for NGC 1400. A fit to the GC luminosity function gives a distance modulus of 31.6, which is in good agreement with distances based on the Faber-Jackson relation and the Virgo infall corrected velocity.
description: 13 pages, 20 figures, 1 table, 4 tables in the appendix (available from first author). Accepted for publication in MNRAS. Updated SBF distance value
Applying deep reinforcement learning to active flow control in turbulent conditions
Creators: name: Ren, Feng
name: Rabault, Jean
name: Tang, Hui
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Machine learning has recently become a promising technique in fluid mechanics, especially for active flow control (AFC) applications. A recent work [J. Fluid Mech. (2019), vol. 865, pp. 281-302] has demonstrated the feasibility and effectiveness of deep reinforcement learning (DRL) in performing AFC over a circular cylinder at $Re = 100$, i.e., in the laminar flow regime. As a follow-up study, we investigate the same AFC problem at an intermediate Reynolds number, i.e., $Re = 1000$, where the turbulence in the flow poses great challenges to the control. The results show that the DRL agent can still find effective control strategies, but requires much more episodes in the learning. A remarkable drag reduction of around $30\%$ is achieved, which is accompanied by elongation of the recirculation bubble and reduction of turbulent fluctuations in the cylinder wake. To our best knowledge, this study is the first successful application of DRL to AFC in weak turbulent conditions. It therefore sets a new milestone in progressing towards AFC in strong turbulent flows.
Blockbusters, Bombs and Sleepers: The income distribution of movies
Creators: name: Sinha, Sitabhra
name: Pan, Raj Kumar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The distribution of gross earnings of movies released each year show a distribution having a power-law tail with Pareto exponent $α\simeq 2$. While this offers interesting parallels with income distributions of individuals, it is also clear that it cannot be explained by simple asset exchange models, as movies do not interact with each other directly. In fact, movies (because of the large quantity of data available on their earnings) provide the best entry-point for studying the dynamics of how ``a hit is born'' and the resulting distribution of popularity (of products or ideas). In this paper, we show evidence of Pareto law for movie income, as well as, an analysis of the time-evolution of income.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures, to appear in Proceedings of International Workshop on Econophysics of Wealth Distributions (Econophys-Kolkata I), March 15-19, 2005
Untersuchungen zu den jüngst veröffentlichten Bruchstücken sa'idischer Liturgie
Creators: name: Engberding, Hieronymus
Publisher: name: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients
Year: 2024

description: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients, Bd. 43 (1959): Oriens christianus, Band 43
COMMODITY PRICES REVISITED
Creators: name: Tomek, William G.
name: Tomek, William G.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2000
Subjects: Demand and Price Analysis

description: Empirical models of commodity prices are potentially important aids to decision-makers, especially as the economy has grown more complex. A typical time series of commodity prices exhibits positive autocorrelation, occasional spikes, and random variability, and conceptual models have been developed to explain this behavior. But, the leap from theory to empirical applications is large because of model specification and data quality problems. When modeling price expectations, for example, should a price series be deflated and if so, by what deflator? The choice can have a large effect on empirical results. Nonetheless, it is possible in some applications to obtain relatively stable-estimates of structural parameters that are useful for addressing specific problems. This may not happen often, however, because the incentives in academia do not encourage rigorous, in-depth appraisals of empirical results.
MEASURING X-EFFICIENCY AND SCALE EFFICIENCY FOR A SAMPLE OF AGRICULTURAL COOPERATIVES
Creators: name: Ariyaratne, Chatura B.
name: Featherstone, Allen M.
name: Langemeier, Michael R.
name: Barton, David G.
name: Ariyaratne, Chatura B.
name: Featherstone, Allen M.
name: Langemeier, Michael R.
name: Barton, David G.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2000
Subjects: Agribusiness

description: This paper examines the efficiency of a sample of Great Plains grain marketing and farm supply cooperatives during 1988 to 1992. In general, larger cooperatives were more X-efficient and scale efficient. Labor tended to be under-utilized and capital over-utilized. Petroleum product sales and fertilizer sales were negatively related to overall efficiency. Sales of goods other than grain, fertilizers, agricultural chemicals, petroleum products, and feed was positively related to overall efficiency. Overall efficiency was significantly correlated with the rate of return to assets.
Dependence of tunnel magnetoresistance in MgO based magnetic tunnel junctions on Ar pressure during MgO sputtering
Creators: name: Ikeda, Shoji
name: Hayakawa, Jun
name: Lee, Young Min
name: Sasaki, Ryutaro
name: Meguro, Toshiyasu
name: Matsukura, Fumihiro
name: Ohno, Hideo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigated dependence of tunnel magnetoresistance effect in CoFeB/MgO/CoFeB magnetic tunnel junctions on Ar pressure during MgO-barrier sputtering. Sputter deposition of MgO-barrier at high Ar pressure of 10 mTorr resulted in smooth surface and highly (001) oriented MgO. Using this MgO as a tunnel barrier, tunnel magnetoresistance (TMR) ratio as high as 355% at room temperature (578% at 5K) was realized after annealing at 325 C or higher, which appears to be related to a highly (001) oriented CoFeB texture promoted by the smooth and highly oriented MgO. Electron-beam lithography defined deep-submicron MTJs having a low-resistivity Au underlayer with the high-pressure deposited MgO showed high TMR ratio at low resistance-area product (RA) below 10 ohm-um^2 as 27% at RA = 0.8 ohm-um^2, 77% at RA = 1.1 ohm-um^2, 130% at RA = 1.7 ohm-um^2, and 165% at RA = 2.9 ohm-um^2.
description: 14 pages, 5 figures
A STRATEGIC AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION MODEL WITH RISK AND RETURN CONSIDERATIONS
Creators: name: Aull-Hyde, Rhonda L.
name: Tadesse, Solomon
name: Aull-Hyde, Rhonda L.
name: Tadesse, Solomon
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1994
Subjects: Production Economics

description: Decision support systems are generally geared to short-term tactical decision making. As an alternative, this paper develops a mathematical programming model to evaluate long-term strategic alternatives in the context of farm-level agricultural production where a broiler farm considers long-term implications of diversification into commercial aquaculture. The model considers a ten-year strategic planning horizon, incorporates financial risk and return considerations, and accommodates capacity variations. Results indicate that a diversification strategy significantly increases farm profitability over a strategic planning horizon while simultaneously maintaining financial risk below a predetermined tolerance level and return on investment above a predetermined level.
Monte Carlo simulation of events with Drell-Yan lepton pairs from antiproton-proton collisions: the fully polarized case
Creators: name: Bianconi, Andrea
name: Radici, Marco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we extend the study of Drell-Yan processes with antiproton beams already presented in a previous work. We consider the fully polarized $\bar{p}^\uparrow p^\uparrow \to μ^+ μ^- X$ process, because this is the simplest scenario for extracting the transverse spin distribution of quarks, or transversity, which is the missing piece to complete the knowledge of the nucleon spin structure at leading twist. We perform Monte Carlo simulations for transversely polarized antiproton and proton beams colliding at a center-of-mass energy of interest for the future HESR at GSI. The goal is to possibly establish feasibility conditions for an unambiguous extraction of the transversity from data on double spin asymmetries.
description: Produced in RevTeX 4, 10 figures in .eps format
AN ANALYSIS OF U.S. DAIRY POLICY DEREGULATION USING AN IMPERFECT COMPETITION MODEL
Creators: name: Suzuki, Nobuhiro
name: Kaiser, Harry M.
name: Lenz, John E.
name: Forker, Olan D.
name: Suzuki, Nobuhiro
name: Kaiser, Harry M.
name: Lenz, John E.
name: Forker, Olan D.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1994
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy

description: An imperfect competition model of the U.S. milk market is developed for analyzing the impacts of dairy policy deregulation. Estimated degree-of-competition parameters indicate that the U.S. milk market has become more competitive over time. The usefulness of the model is demonstrated by showing the relative differences of dynamic simulation results of the imperfect competition model with the results of a conventional exogenous fluid differential model.
Africoseius lativentris
Creators: name: Barros, Avyla R. A.
name: Castilho, Raphael C.
name: De Moraes, Gilberto J.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Mesostigmata
Ascidae
Africoseius
Africoseius lativentris

description: 02. Africoseius lativentris (Karg, 1982)
 Neojeordensia lativentris Karg, 1982: 70.
 Africoseius lativentris.— Halliday et al., 1998: 46; Rueda-Ramírez et al., 2019: 2375.
 Africoseius americanus Karg & Schorlemmer, 2009: 63 [Synonymy by Rueda-Ramírez et al., 2019: 2375].
 Type depository. A. lativentris and A. americanus: Museum für Naturkunde Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
 Type locality and habitat. A. lativentris: Brazil, Cabreuva, São Paulo state, 5 July 1970, in Turdus sp. [Aves: Turdidae] nest; A. americanus: Paraguay, Villa Hayes, along the “Canatera Transchaco”, 1966, in soil a marshy forest.
 Note. Halliday et al. (1998: 46) considered Neojordensia lativentris Karg to be a junior synonym of Africoseius areolatus Krantz. However, Rueda-Ramírez et al. (2019: 2390) did not accept that synonymy, a decision also adopted in this publication.
description: Published as part of Barros, Avyla R. A., Castilho, Raphael C. & De Moraes, Gilberto J., 2020, Catalogue of the mite family Podocinidae Berlese (Acari: Mesostigmata), pp. 141-156 in Zootaxa 4802 (1) on page 147, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4802.1.9, http://zenodo.org/record/3904968
Combinatorics of Bricard's octahedra
Creators: name: Gallet, Matteo
name: Grasegger, Georg
name: Legerský, Jan
name: Schicho, Josef
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Metric Geometry (math.MG)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We re-prove the classification of flexible octahedra, obtained by Bricard at the beginning of the XX century, by means of combinatorial objects satisfying some elementary rules. The explanations of these rules rely on the use of a well-known creation of modern algebraic geometry, the moduli space of stable rational curves with marked points, for the description of configurations of graphs on the sphere. Once one accepts the objects and the rules, the classification becomes elementary (though not trivial) and can be enjoyed without the need of a very deep background on the topic.
description: 40 pages, 23 figures. Animations of flexible octahedra available at https://jan.legersky.cz/project/bricard_octahedra/
ESTIMATING THE IMPACT OF CONSERVATION RESERVE PROGRAM CONTRACT EXPIRATION ON CORN AND WHEAT PRICES
Creators: name: Garrison, Carl O.
name: Dicks, Michael R.
name: Adam, Brian D.
name: Garrison, Carl O.
name: Dicks, Michael R.
name: Adam, Brian D.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1994
Subjects: Demand and Price Analysis

description: The Conservation Reserve Program reduced available cropland in the United States by 34 million acres under the first nine signup periods (1986-1990). Among these are ten million acres with wheat base and four million acres with corn base, which could potentially produce 288 million bushels of wheat and 340 million bushels of corn per year upon contract expiration. The impacts of expiring CRP contacts on the production and prices of wheat and corn in the United States are estimated. Based on past production practices and post-CRP land-use intentions of contract holders, 48.2% of base acres enrolled in CRP will return to production. Under this scenario, wheat prices will decline by more than 7% and corn prices by more than 2% by 2000, unless ARP levels, normal flex acres percent, or target prices are changed.
ALMOST IDEAL AREA YIELD CROP INSURANCE CONTRACTS
Creators: name: Smith, Vincent H.
name: Chouinard, Hayley H.
name: Baquet, Alan E.
name: Smith, Vincent H.
name: Chouinard, Hayley H.
name: Baquet, Alan E.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1994
Subjects: Risk and Uncertainty

description: Using yield data for a sample of 123 dryland wheat producers in Montana, the effects of three area yield contracts, including the contract currently offered by the United States Federal Crop Insurance Corporation and two individual yield contracts on individual farm yield variability, are examined. The results indicate that while the Federal Crop Insurance Corporation area yield contract provides all farmers in the sample with some protection against yield variability, a simpler, actuarially equivalent "almost ideal" area yield contract provides substantially larger reductions in yield variability. However, actuarially equivalent individual yield contracts provide levels of protection against yield variability similar to those obtained under the "almost ideal" area yield contract at much lower premiums.
INCOME DISTRIBUTION ISSUES AND NATURAL RESOURCE POLICY: WELFARE EFFECTS OF NONFEDERAL WATER PLANS
Creators: name: Ward, Frank A.
name: Ward, Frank A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1985
Subjects: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy

description: The need for regional economic models for benefit-cost evaluation of non-federally financed water plans is discussed. Input-output, econometric, and widely used programming methods all have shortcomings. A conceptual framework is proposed to measure Regional Economic Development (RED) benefits from water projects using a two stage procedure which combines mathematical programming production models and regional income accounting measures. The proposed two stage framework separately accounts for (1) resource hiring decisions made by regional firms which are motivated by profits, and (2) RED benefits measurement, which is generally viewed as important to those who appraise regional resource projects. The first stage fixed resources (e.g. water, capital stock), supply schedules for purchased factors, and the export demand schedule. The solution to the firs stage model generates equilibrium export demand prices/ quantities and regional input usage patterns. Based on the resource usage patterns generated from the first stage, RED benefits from water supply increments are computed in the second stage.
Additional file 1 of Seamless integration of image and molecular analysis for spatial transcriptomics workflows
Creators: name: Bergenstråhle, Joseph
name: Larsson, Ludvig
name: Lundeberg, Joakim
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Additional file 1: A step by step description of the masking procedure.
Efficient calculation of the Green's function in scattering region for electron-transport simulations
Creators: name: Egami, Yoshiyuki
name: Tsukamoto, Shigeru
name: Ono, Tomoya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a first-principles method of efficiently evaluating electron-transport properties of very long systems. Implementing the recursive Green's function method and the shifted conjugate gradient method in the transport simulator based on real-space finite-difference formalism, we can suppress the increase in the computational cost, which is generally proportional to the cube of the system length to a linear order. This enables us to perform the transport calculations of double-walled carbon nanotubes~(DWCNTs) with 196,608 atoms. We find that the conductance spectra exhibit different properties depending on the periodicity of doped impurities in DWCNTs and they differ from the properties for systems with less than 1,000 atoms.
description: 13 pages, 5 figures, 1 table
Local atomic and electronic structure in LaMnO_3 across the orbital ordering transition
Creators: name: Souza, Raquel A.
name: Souza-Neto, Narcizo M.
name: Ramos, Aline Y.
name: Tolentino, Helio C. N.
name: Granado, Eduardo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The local atomic disorder and the electronic structure in the environment of manganese atoms in LaMnO_3 has been studied by x-ray absorption spectroscopy, over a temperature range (300K to 870K) covering the orbital ordering transition (710K). The Mn-O distances splitting into short and long bonds (1.95 and 2.15A) is kept across the transition temperature, so that the MnO_6 octahedra remain locally Jahn-Teller distorted. Discontinuities in the Mn local structure are identified in the extended x-ray fine structure spectra at this temperature, associated to a reduction of the disorder in the super-exchange angle and to the removal of the anisotropy in the radial disorder within the coordination shell. Subtle changes in the electronic local structure also take place at the Mn site at the transition temperature. The near edge spectra show a small drop of the Mn 4p hole count and a small enhancement in the pre-edge structures at the transition temperature. These features are associated to an increase of the covalence of the Mn-O bonds. Our results shed light on the local electronic and structural phenomena in a model of order-disorder transition, where the cooperative distortion is overcome by the thermal disorder.
description: 6 pages, 6 figures, accepted Phys. Rev B
Podocinella Evans & Hyatt. They 1958
Creators: name: Barros, Avyla R. A.
name: Castilho, Raphael C.
name: De Moraes, Gilberto J.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Mesostigmata
Podocinidae
Podocinella

description: Genus Podocinella Evans & Hyatt, 1958
 Podocinella Evans & Hyatt, 1958: 926.
 Podocinella.— Ho et al., 2009: 90; Santos et al., 2019: 185.
 Type species: Podocinella plumosa Evans & Hyatt, 1958, by original designation.
description: Published as part of Barros, Avyla R. A., Castilho, Raphael C. & De Moraes, Gilberto J., 2020, Catalogue of the mite family Podocinidae Berlese (Acari: Mesostigmata), pp. 141-156 in Zootaxa 4802 (1) on page 147, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4802.1.9, http://zenodo.org/record/3904968
Reduction of CM elliptic curves and modular function congruences
Creators: name: Elkies, Noam D.
name: Ono, Ken
name: Yang, Tonghai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11F33 (11G05; 11G15)

description: We study congruences of the form F(j(z)) | U(p) = G(j(z)) mod p, where U(p) is the p-th Hecke operator, j is the basic modular invariant 1/q+744+196884q+... for SL2(Z), and F,G are polynomials with integer coefficients. Using the interplay between singular (a.k.a. CM) j-invariants in characteristic zero and supersingular ones in characteristic p, we obtain such congruences in which F is the minimal polynomial of a CM j-invariant, and give a sufficient condition for G to be a constant polynomial in these congruences.
description: 11 pages
Radiative thermal switch via asymmetric black phosphorus gratings
Creators: name: He, Ming-Jian
name: Qi, Hong
name: Ren, Ya-Tao
name: Zhao, Yi-Jun
name: Zhang, Yong
name: Shen, Jia-Dong
name: Antezza, Mauro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Active control of heat transfer at the nanoscale has great potentials in thermal logic and energy conversion devices. In the present work, we theoretically propose a radiative thermal switch (RTS) composed of a pair of asymmetric black phosphorus (BP) gratings, with BP nanoribbons periodically patterned in different directions. The simply mechanical rotation between the gratings enables substantial modulation of near-field radiative heat transfer, especially when combined with the use of non-identical parameters, i.e., filling factors and electron densities of BP. Among all the cases including asymmetric BP gratings, symmetric BP gratings, and BP films, we find that the asymmetric BP gratings possess the most excellent switching performance. The optimized switching factors can be as high as 90% with the vacuum separation d=50 nm and higher than 70% even in the far-field regime. The high-performance switching is basically attributed to the rotatable-tunable matching degree between the surface characteristics of the two asymmetric gratings. Moreover, due to the twisting principle, the RTS can work at any temperature, which has great advantage over the phase change materials-based RTS. The proposed switching scheme has great significance for the applications in thermal management and thermal circuits.
description: 20 pages; 8 figures