Cnemaspis affinis
Creators: name: Grismer, Lee
name: Wood, Perry L.
name: Anuar, Shahrul
name: Riyanto, Awal
name: Ahmad, Norhayati
name: Muin, Mohd A.
name: Sumontha, Montri
name: Grismer, Jesse L.
name: Onn, Chan Kin
name: Quah, Evan S. H.
name: Pauwels, Olivier S. A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Reptilia
Squamata
Gekkonidae
Cnemaspis
Cnemaspis affinis

description: Cnemaspis affinis (Stoliczka, 1870)   
Penang Island Rock Gecko  
Fig. 33  
 Gymnodactylus affinis Boulenger 1885:42   
 Gonatodes penangensis Flower 1896:863   
 Holotype. ZSI 5964. Type locality: “ Penang Hills”, Penang Island, Penang, Peninsular Malaysia at approximately 800 m in elevation.   
 Diagnosis. Maximum SVL 50.8 mm; 9–13 supralabials; 8–10 infralabials; ventral scales keeled; five or six discontinuous, pore-bearing precloacal scales with round pores; 20–28 paravertebral tubercles; dorsal tubercles not linearly arranged, present on flanks; tubercles absent from lateral caudal furrows; ventrolateral caudal tubercles absent; lateral caudal row present; caudal tubercles not encircling tail; all subcaudals keeled, no enlarged median scale row; two postcloacal tubercles on each side of tail base; no enlarged femoral or subtibial scales; subtibials keeled; no submetatarsal scales on first toe; 28 or 29 subdigital fourth toe lamellae; gular region yellow in males; single ocellus in shoulder region in males, yellow post-scapular band in males; and transverse yellow bars on flanks (Tables 6,7).   
 Color pattern in life (Fig. 33). Adult males: dorsal ground color grey to brown; paired white markings on occiput; dark pre- and postorbital stripes are present with latter extending onto nape; medial, white marking on nape followed by distinct, large, black shoulder patches in males usually enclosing a white to yellow ocellus anteriorly and edged posteriorly by yellow spot; irregularly shaped, paravertebral, white markings on dorsum extending to base of tail and confluent with transversely elongate, distinct, yellow markings on flank. Adult females: slightly less boldly marked; tend to lack postscapular band, more yellowish overall.   
 Distribution. Cnemaspis affinis is endemic to Penang Island, Penang, Peninsular Malaysia (Grismer et al. 2008b; Fig. 3).   
 Natural history. Grismer et al. (2008b) indicated that Cnemaspis affinis is found only in the upland regions of Penang Island in the vicinity of 720 m where it occurs on large granite boulders in disturbed forest (Fig. 33). During the day, lizards are active on the shaded surfaces of the boulders and quite wary but at night, venture farther out onto the boulder’s surface (Flower 1896). Flower (1896) reported finding a specimen beneath the bark of a large tree. We suspect, however, this was not C. affinis but the similarly appearing C. shahruli, which is a habitat generalist and known to occur on vegetation (Grismer et al. 2010c; Grismer 2011a). Gravid females carrying two eggs have been observed during July.   
 Relationships. Cnemaspis affinis is the sister species of C. harimau (Fig. 2).   
 Material examined. Malaysia: Penang, Penang Island LSUHC 6758–59, 6773–74, 6787–88, ZRC 2.1098, 2.5203, 2.4858, 2.6017 – 18, ZSI 5964 (holotype). Additional material examined since Grismer & Chan (2008): Malaysia: Penang, Penang Island LSUHC 10347.
description: Published as part of Grismer, Lee, Wood, Perry L., Anuar, Shahrul, Riyanto, Awal, Ahmad, Norhayati, Muin, Mohd A., Sumontha, Montri, Grismer, Jesse L., Onn, Chan Kin, Quah, Evan S. H. & Pauwels, Olivier S. A., 2014, Systematics and natural history of Southeast Asian Rock Geckos (genus Cnemaspis Strauch, 1887) with descriptions of eight new species from Malaysia, Thailand, and Indonesia, pp. 1-147 in Zootaxa 3880 (1) on pages 66-68, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3880.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4949564