cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Symmetry as a foundational concept in Quantum Mechanics
Creators: name: Ziaeepour, Houri
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Symmetries are widely used in modeling quantum systems but they do not contribute in postulates of quantum mechanics. Here we argue that logical, mathematical, and observational evidence require that symmetry should be considered as a fundamental concept in the construction of physical systems. Based on this idea, we propose a series of postulates for describing quantum systems, and establish their relation and correspondence with axioms of standard quantum mechanics. Through some examples we show that this reformulation helps better understand some of ambiguities of standard description. Nonetheless its application is not limited to explaining confusing concept and it may be a necessary step toward a consistent model of quantum cosmology and gravity.
description: 8 pages, no figure. Proceedings of $7^{th}$ International Workshop DICE2014, Spacetime - Matter - Quantum Mechanics, Sep. 15-19, 2014, Castigilioncello, Tuscany, Italy
Kenneth Wilson and lattice QCD
Creators: name: Ukawa, Akira
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the physics and computation of lattice QCD, a space-time lattice formulation of quantum chromodynamics, and Kenneth Wilson's seminal role in its development. We start with the fundamental issue of confinement of quarks in the theory of the strong interactions, and discuss how lattice QCD provides a framework for understanding this phenomenon. A conceptual issue with lattice QCD is a conflict of space-time lattice with chiral symmetry of quarks. We discuss how this problem is resolved. Since lattice QCD is a non-linear quantum dynamical system with infinite degrees of freedom, quantities which are analytically calculable are limited. On the other hand, it provides an ideal case of massively parallel numerical computations. We review the long and distinguished history of parallel-architecture supercomputers designed and built for lattice QCD. We discuss algorithmic developments, in particular the difficulties posed by the fermionic nature of quarks, and their resolution. The triad of efforts toward better understanding of physics, better algorithms, and more powerful supercomputers have produced major breakthroughs in our understanding of the strong interactions. We review the salient results of this effort in understanding the hadron spectrum, the Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa matrix elements and CP violation, and quark-gluon plasma at high temperatures. We conclude with a brief summary and a future perspective.
description: 52 pages, 16 figures, to appear in Journal of Statistical Physics
Association Between Statewide Opioid Prescribing Interventions and Opioid Prescribing Patterns in North Carolina, 2006-2018
Creators: name: Ringwalt, Christopher
name: Ives, Timothy
name: Ranapurwala, Shabbar
name: Chelminski, Paul
name: Dasgupta, Nabarun
name: Fulcher, Naoko
name: DiPrete, Bethany
name: Pence, Brian
name: Golightly, Yvonne
name: Maierhofer, Courtney
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2021

description: Objective: To examine the impact of three sequential statewide policy and legislative interventions on opioid prescribing practices among privately insured individuals in North Carolina.

Methods: An interrupted time series approach was used to examine level and trajectory changes of new and prevalent opioid prescription rates, days' supply, and daily morphine milligram equivalents before and after implementation of a 1) prescription drug monitoring program, 2) state medical board initiative, and 3) legislative action. Analyses were conducted using individual-level claims data from a large private health insurance provider serving North Carolina residents, ages 18-64 years, from January 2006 to August 2018.

Results: Rates of new and prevalent prescription opioid patients were relatively unaffected by the prescription monitoring program but sharply declined in the months immediately following both medical board (-3.7 new and -19.3 prevalent patients per 10,000 person months) and legislative (-14.1 new and -26.7 prevalent patients) actions. Among all opioid prescriptions, days' supply steadily increased on average over the study period but declined after legislative action (-1.5 days' supply per year).

Conclusions: The voluntary prescription drug monitoring program launched in 2010 only marginally affected opioid prescribing patterns on its own, but its redeployment as an investigative and clinical tool in multifaceted public policy approaches by the state medical board and legislature later in the decade plausibly contributed to notable declines in prescription rates and days' supply. This study lends new emphasis to the importance of enforcement mechanisms for state and national policies seeking to reverse this critical public health crisis.
Spin-lattice and magnetoelectric couplings enhanced by orbital degrees of freedom in polar magnets
Creators: name: Kocsis, Vilmos
name: Tokunaga, Yusuke
name: Rõõm, Toomas
name: Nagel, Urmas
name: Fujioka, Jun
name: Taguchi, Yasujiro
name: Tokura, Yoshinori
name: Bordács, Sándor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Orbital degrees of freedom mediating an interaction between spin and lattice were predicted to raise strong magnetoelectric effect, i.e. realize an efficient coupling between magnetic and ferroelectric orders. However, the effect of orbital fluctuations have been considered only in a few magnetoelectric materials, as orbital degeneracy driven Jahn-Teller effect rarely couples to polarization. Here, we explore the spin-lattice coupling in multiferroic Swedenborgites with mixed valence and Jahn-Teller active transition metal ions on a stacked triangular/Kagome lattice using infrared and dielectric spectroscopy. On one hand, in CaBa$M_4$O$_7$ ($M$ = Co, Fe), we observe strong magnetic order induced shift in the phonon frequencies and a corresponding large change in the dielectric response. Remarkably, as an unusual manifestation of the spin-phonon coupling, the spin-fluctuations reduce the phonon life-time by an order of magnitude at the magnetic phase transitions. On the other hand, lattice vibrations, dielectric response, and electric polarization show no variation at the Néel temperature of CaBaFe$_2$Co$_2$O$_7$, which is built up by orbital singlet ions. Our results provide a showcase for orbital degrees of freedom enhanced magnetoelectric coupling via the example of Swedenborgites.
description: Supplementary included, 7 + 8 pages, 4 + 9 figures, Accepted version
Sociodemographic and clinical predictors of prescription opioid use in a longitudinal community-based cohort study of middle-aged and older adults
Creators: name: Naumann, Rebecca B
name: Golightly, Yvonne M
name: Nelson, Amanda E
name: Schiue, Kristin Y
name: Dasgupta, Nabarun
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2020

description: Chronic pain prevalence in the United States is likely to
increase with an aging population. While opioids have commonly been
prescribed to manage pain, their use may be more likely in certain
patients. The objective of the study is to assess predictors of prescription opioid use in an adult population with a high prevalence of chronic pain. The simultaneous assessment of a breadth of clinical
and sociodemographic factors identified polypharmacy, pain catastrophizing, and depressive symptoms as modifiable predictors of
prescription opioid use. These findings support the incorporation of
pharmacological review and behavioral approaches into chronic pain
management strategies.
Stellar Parameters for HD 69830, a Nearby Star with Three Neptune Mass Planets and an Asteroid Belt
Creators: name: Tanner, Angelle
name: Boyajian, Tabetha S.
name: von Braun, Kaspar
name: Kane, Stephen
name: Brewer, John M.
name: Farrington, Chris
name: van Belle, Gerard T.
name: Beichman, Charles A.
name: Fischer, Debra
name: Brummelaar, Theo A. ten
name: McAlister, Harold A.
name: Schaefer, Gail
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We used the CHARA Array to directly measure the angular diameter of HD 69830, home to three Neptune mass planets and an asteroid belt. Our measurement of 0.674+/-0.014 milli-arcseconds for the limb-darkened angular diameter of this star leads to a physical radius of R$_*$ = 0.9058$\pm$0.0190 R\sun and luminosity of L* = 0.622+/-0.014 Lsun when combined with a fit to the spectral energy distribution of the star. Placing these observed values on an Hertzsprung-Russel (HR) diagram along with stellar evolution isochrones produces an age of 10.6+/-4 Gyr and mass of 0.863$\pm$0.043 M\sun. We use archival optical echelle spectra of HD 69830 along with an iterative spectral fitting technique to measure the iron abundance ([Fe/H]=-0.04+/-0.03), effective temperature (5385+/-44 K) and surface gravity (log g = 4.49+/-0.06). We use these new values for the temperature and luminosity to calculate a more precise age of 7.5+/-Gyr. Applying the values of stellar luminosity and radius to recent models on the optimistic location of the habitable zone produces a range of 0.61-1.44 AU; partially outside the orbit of the furthest known planet (d) around HD 69830. Finally, we estimate the snow line at a distance of 1.95+/-0.19 AU, which is outside the orbit of all three planets and its asteroid belt.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures, accepted to ApJ
Additional file 2 of Correlation between refractive errors and ocular biometric parameters in children and adolescents: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Creators: name: Zhang, Zengrui
name: Mu, Jingyu
name: Wei, Jing
name: Geng, Haoming
name: Liu, Chunmeng
name: Yi, Wenhua
name: Sun, Yue
name: Duan, Junguo
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Supplementary Material 2: Figures S1 to S130. Overview of supplementary figures.
Isolating the extreme debris disc signature -- explorations of eccentric extreme debris discs formed by giant impacts
Creators: name: Lewis, Thomas
name: Watt, Lewis
name: Leinhardt, Zoë M
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, we used N-body simulations and a radiative transfer package to model the evolution of eccentric debris discs produced by giant impacts between planetary embryos. This included how the morphology and infrared emission of these discs varied with embryo eccentricity and collision true anomaly. We found that eccentric discs inherit the eccentric properties of the centre of mass orbit of the two colliding embryos. However, the orientation of the collision with the respect to this orbit plays a key role in determining how closely the disc material resembles the centre of mass orbit. Additionally, we found that increased eccentricity acted to suppress the formation of certain short-term variations in the disc emission depending on the collision position. These short-term variations have been associated with an observational phenomenon called extreme debris discs. Short-term variability has been suggested as a potential signature for giant impacts.
description: 20 pages (+5 supplementary pages), 18 figures (+6 supplementary figures). For associated mpeg files, see https://academic.oup.com/mnras/article/519/1/172/6873852#supplementary-data
Electronic medical records vs insurance claims: Comparing the magnitude of opioid use prior, during, and following surgery
Creators: name: Dasgupta, Nabarun
name: Pate, Virginia
name: Jonsson Funk, Michele
name: Young, Jessica C
name: Chidgey, Brooke
name: Stürmer, Til
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2020

description: Pharmacoepidemiology studies often use insurance
claims and electronic medical record (EMR) data. However, the implications of data source choice on key study design elements are not
well understood. We used linked claims-EMR data (separately and together) to characterize opioid use as it relates to study eligibility criteria, and exposure and outcome assessment. When characterizing opioid exposure, we found substantial non-overlap between EMR and claims depending on time window relative to surgery and care setting, driven by inpatient opioids only captured in EMR and primary nonadherence. In studies that straddle hospital and outpatient settings, the potential for misclassification of drug utilization must be evaluated carefully, and choice of data source may have large impacts on key study design elements. Both EMR and claims data are needed to provide a more complete picture of opioid exposure prior to, during and after surgery.
Prescribing and Dispensing Abuse-Deterrent Opioids: A Survey of Physicians and Pharmacists
Creators: name: Slavova, Svetla
name: Dasgupta, Nabarun
name: Brown, John R
name: Freeman. Patricia R
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2022

description: Research Objective: To inform factors influencing the prescribing and
dispensing of abuse-deterrent formulation opioid analgesics (ADFs) and to enhance understanding of the context of ADF utilization in clinical practice.
On the topological rank of the variety of right alternative metabelian Lie-nilpotent algebras
Creators: name: Kuz'min, Alexey
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 17D15 (Primary) 17A50, 17A70 (Secondary)

description: In 1981, S. V. Pchelintsev introduced the notion of topological rank for Spechtian varieties of algebras as a certain tool for studying the structure of non-nilpotent subvarieties in a given variety. We provide a variety of right alternative algebras of arbitrary given finite topological rank. Namely, we prove that the topological rank of the variety of right alternative metabelian (solvable of index two) algebras that are Lie-nilpotent of step not more than $s$ over a field of characteristic distinct from two and three is equal to $s$.
description: 15 pages
Freight Service Systems Engineering: Gestaltung datengetriebener Wertschöpfungssysteme für die Beförderung von Frachtgütern in der Transportlogistikwirtschaft
Creators: name: Heinbach, Christoph
Publisher: name: Universität Osnabrück
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Datengetriebene Dienstleistung
subject: Freight Service Systems Engineering
subject: Transportmanagement
subject: Flottenmanagement
subject: Smart Logistics
subject: Telematik
subject: Supply Chain
subject: Transportlogistik
subject: Spedition
subject: Gütertransport
subject: Ladungsverkehr
subject: 650 - Management
subject: 85.20 - Betriebliche Information und Kommunikation

description: Die fortwährende Digitalisierung bietet der Transportlogistikwirtschaft neue Möglichkeiten für eine IT-gestützte Dienstleistungserbringung und die Entwicklung datenbasierter Lösungsangebote. In der Folge eröffnet die transformative Wirkung digitaler Technologien den Akteuren im datengetriebenen Speditionsgeschäft verschiedene Nutzenpotenziale für serviceseitige Wertschöpfungen durch das Zusammenspiel von Produkt- und Dienstleistungsanbietern. Allerdings verhindern diverse Barrieren die erfolgreiche Einführung und Nutzung digitaler Technologien, um gemeinsam digitale Innovationen in der Branche hervorzubringen. Vor diesem Hintergrund werden in der vorliegenden Dissertation grundlegende Erkenntnisse für die praxisnahe Gestaltung datengetriebener Wertschöpfungssysteme zur Beförderung von Frachtgütern gewonnen. Dazu verfolgt die Arbeit einen gestaltungsorientierten und interdisziplinären Forschungsansatz und wendet die Engineering-Perspektive der zugrundeliegenden Service-Systeme für das Transport- und Flottenmanagement an. In diesem Zusammenhang umfassen die Ergebnisse: (1) die Identifikation von domänenspezifischen Merkmalen und Anforderungen für ein IT-gestütztes Transportmanagement im Straßengüterverkehr, (2) die Herleitung von Gestaltungsprinzipien, die Entwicklung sowie die Evaluation einer telematikgestützten und produktbezogenen Plattform für eine akteursübergreifende Value-Co-Creation intermodaler Ladungsverkehre, (3) die Gestaltung plattformbasierter und fahrzeugdatenorientierter Flottenmanagementsysteme durch den Einsatz der Nutzfahrzeug-Telematik sowie (4) die Konzeption eines neuartigen Datenraums für ein souveränes, fahrzeugdatenübergreifendes und automatisiertes Flottenmanagement von Paketlieferungen auf der Basis föderierter und dezentraler Infrastrukturen. Die im Forschungsprozess entwickelten IT-Artefakte wie Modelle, Konzepte und Prototypen repräsentieren anwendungsorientierte Konstrukte, deren erfolgreicher Transfer in die Praxis anhand der Konsortialforschung demonstriert wird. Zusammen mit dem hergeleiteten Gestaltungswissen leistet die Arbeit einen wertvollen Beitrag zur Realisierung von Freight-Service-Systemen in der Transportlogistikwirtschaft und zeigt anhand der Erkenntnisse, wie die Entwicklung digitaler Innovationen für datengetriebene Wertschöpfungssysteme gelingen kann.
Additional file 1 of Rates of compliance and adherence to high-intensity interval training: a systematic review and Meta-analyses
Creators: name: Santos, Alexandre
name: Braaten, Kyra
name: MacPherson, Megan
name: Vasconcellos, Diego
name: Vis-Dunbar, Mathew
name: Lonsdale, Chris
name: Lubans, David
name: Jung, Mary E.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional File 1. Completed PRISMA 2020 checklist for this systematic review.
What Else Is In The Pill? Systematic Review Of Injection Consequences From Inactive Ingredients
Creators: name: Cawley, Michelle
name: Rhodes, Blythe
name: Dasgupta, Nabarun
name: Walker, Jennifer S
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2020

description: Clinical consequences of injecting solid pharmaceutical excipients (talc, starch) include serious vascular and pulmonary damage. Yet other harms have not been systematically cataloged. We conducted a comprehensive literature search in December 2019 across four bibliographic databases, including PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Sociological Abstracts. Search terms were developed that focused on three elements: brand & generic drugs in four classes (barbiturates, benzodiazepines, stimulants and opioids), inactive ingredients, and injection.
A new approach toward boundedness in a two-dimensional parabolic chemotaxis system with singular sensitivity
Creators: name: Lankeit, Johannes
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35K55 (primary), 35A01, 35A09, 92C17, 35A07, 35B40 (secondary)

description: We consider the parabolic chemotaxis model \[ u_t=Δu - χ\nabla\cdot(\frac uv \nabla v), \qquad\qquad v_t=Δv - v + u\] in a smooth, bounded, convex two-dimensional domain and show global existence and boundedness of solutions for $χ\in(0,χ_0)$ for some $χ_0>1$, thereby proving that the value $χ=1$ is not critical in this regard. Our main tool is consideration of the energy functional \[ \mathcal{F}_{a,b}(u,v)=\int_Ωu\ln u - a \int_Ωu\ln v + b \int_Ω|\nabla \sqrt{v}|^2 \] for $a>0$, $b\geq 0$, where using nonzero values of $b$ appears to be new in this context.
description: 11 pages
Simulating the radio emissions of dark matter for new high-resolution observations with MeerKAT
Creators: name: Sarkis, Michael
name: Beck, Geoff
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent work has shown that searches for diffuse radio emission by MeerKAT - and eventually the SKA - are well suited to provide some of the strongest constraints yet on dark matter annihilations. To make full use of the observations by these facilities, accurate simulations of the expected dark matter abundance and diffusion mechanisms in these astrophysical objects are required. However, because of the computational costs involved, various mathematical and numerical techniques have been developed to perform the calculations in a feasible manner. Here we provide the first quantitative comparison between methods that are commonly used in the literature, and outline the applicability of each one in various simulation scenarios. These considerations are becoming ever more important as the hunt for dark matter continues into a new era of precision radio observations.
description: 6 pages, 2 figures
Exploring the role of dopamine in intensity-dependent effects of tDCS on motor learning.
Creators: name: Rafferty, Brianna
name: Yuhan Zhang
name: Li-Ann Leow
name: Bowers, Samantha
name: Filmer, Hannah
name: Dux, Paul
name: Jiaqin Jiang
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: Life Sciences

description: The dose-dependence of tDCS effects on behaviour is incompletely understood. Whilst some studies suggest a linear relationship between stimulation intensity and effect of stimulation on behaviour (Filmer et al., 2019), other studies suggest a non-linear effect of stimulation dose and behaviour (Weller et al., 2020; Ehrhardt et al., 2021; Ehrhardt et al., 2022). Yet other studies fail to show any behavioural difference between different stimulation intensities (Mitroi et al., 2020; Sommer & Plewnia, 2021), sometimes even when concurrently measured neurophysiological measures show dose-dependency (Nikolin et al., 2018; Ghasemian-Shirvan et al., 2023). More research is therefore necessary to fully elucidate the neural mechanisms driving the dose-dependency effects of tDCS on behaviour.
An Experimental Study on the Prospect Theory
Creators: name: Romero Castro, Isidro Galileo
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Efficient Market Hypothesis
Experimental Study
Prospect Theory
Expected Utility Theory

description: The Efficient Market Hypothesis (EMH, hereafter) is a widely studied area and is mostly accepted as a descriptive theory in finance. Mainly, EMH says that information is the principal element that pushes changes of prices in the market. In addition arbitrage processes and rational behaviors of investors also influence the market prices. The most important criticism on EMH is the assumption that all investors are “rational” in their decisions, and that prices reflect the real value of the securities all the time. On the other hand, if there are some “irrational” investors, their irrational investments will be cancelled out by non- rational decisions from other non-rational investors and the market will continue to be rational and efficient. If we assume that an investor is rational, he will follow basic tenets of the Expected Utility Theory (EUT, hereafter), which is the rational model in the classical economics. During an experiment, Kahneman and Tversky (1979) found that people will not always follow “rational” models for decision making in situations with risk and uncertainty, and their patterns of decision making are not explained by rational models. These findings result in new theories that incorporate psychological models offering alternative explanations of financial markets. The study of these theoretical and empirical evidences is known as Behavioral Finance (BF, hereafter).
Function of βII-Spectrin (SPTBN1) in Skeletal Muscle Metabolism
Creators: name: Choi, Grace
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2022

description: The aim of this project is to characterize the role of the cytoskeletal protein βII-spectrin in skeletal muscle (SKM) structure and metabolism. Using a novel conditional SKM-specific βII-spectrin knockout (SKM-βII-spectrin-KO) I recently validated, I will determine structural and functional consequences of βII-spectrin deficiency in SKM. Based on known functions of βII-spectrin and preliminary findings, I hypothesize that βII-spectrin is required for maintaining the structural integrity, mitochondrial content, and bioenergetic capacity of SKM fibers. Results from this study will increase our understanding of the contribution of the cytoskeleton to SKM energetics and the mechanistic basis of muscle-related deficiencies found in individuals with impaired βII-spectrin function.
First-principles study of the stability of free-standing germanene in oxygen
Creators: name: Liu, G.
name: Liu, S. B.
name: Xu, B.
name: Ouyang, C. Y.
name: Song, H. Y.
name: Li, X. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The O2 dissociation and O atoms adsorption on free-standing germanene are studied by using first-principles calculations in this letter. Compared with the spontaneous dissociation of oxygen molecule on free-standing silicene in air, germanene is more stable than silicene from kinetic point of view, with overcoming energy barrier of about 0.55 eV. Especially, in contrast with the unique chemical adsorption of O2-dissociation-induced O atoms on silicene, oxygen molecule can behave a correspondingly stable adsorption on germanene surface. Moreover, single O atom adsorption on germanene is also different to that on silicene, resulting in two opposite migration pathways on germanene surface. Furthermore, once the oxygen molecule dissociates into O atoms on germanene surface, the migration and desorption of O atoms are relatively difficult under room temperature due to the strong Ge-O bonds in the O-adsorbed germanene, in favor of forming germanium oxides. The results provide compelling evidence to show that free-standing gemanene is relatively stable in oxygen,which is different to silicene essentially.
Nearest Neighbor-Based Contrastive Learning for Hyperspectral and LiDAR Data Classification
Creators: name: Wang, Meng
name: Gao, Feng
name: Dong, Junyu
name: Li, Heng-Chao
name: Du, Qian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The joint hyperspectral image (HSI) and LiDAR data classification aims to interpret ground objects at more detailed and precise level. Although deep learning methods have shown remarkable success in the multisource data classification task, self-supervised learning has rarely been explored. It is commonly nontrivial to build a robust self-supervised learning model for multisource data classification, due to the fact that the semantic similarities of neighborhood regions are not exploited in existing contrastive learning framework. Furthermore, the heterogeneous gap induced by the inconsistent distribution of multisource data impedes the classification performance. To overcome these disadvantages, we propose a Nearest Neighbor-based Contrastive Learning Network (NNCNet), which takes full advantage of large amounts of unlabeled data to learn discriminative feature representations. Specifically, we propose a nearest neighbor-based data augmentation scheme to use enhanced semantic relationships among nearby regions. The intermodal semantic alignments can be captured more accurately. In addition, we design a bilinear attention module to exploit the second-order and even high-order feature interactions between the HSI and LiDAR data. Extensive experiments on four public datasets demonstrate the superiority of our NNCNet over state-of-the-art methods. The source codes are available at \url{https://github.com/summitgao/NNCNet}.
description: IEEE TGRS 2023
Additional file 2 of Rates of compliance and adherence to high-intensity interval training: a systematic review and Meta-analyses
Creators: name: Santos, Alexandre
name: Braaten, Kyra
name: MacPherson, Megan
name: Vasconcellos, Diego
name: Vis-Dunbar, Mathew
name: Lonsdale, Chris
name: Lubans, David
name: Jung, Mary E.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional File 2. Search strategy used in the Medline database during the article retrieval phase of this systematic review.
Extraordinary stiffness tunability through thermal expansion of nonlinear defect modes
Creators: name: Serra-Garcia, Marc
name: Lydon, Joseph
name: Daraio, Chiara
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Incremental stiffness characterizes the variation of a material's force response to a small deformation change. Typically materials have an incremental stiffness that is fixed and positive, but recent technologies, such as super-lenses, low frequency band gap materials and acoustic cloaks, are based on materials with zero, negative or extremely high incremental stiffness. So far, demonstrations of this behavior have been limited either to a narrow range of frequencies, temperatures, stiffness or to specific deformations. Here we demonstrate a mechanism to tune the static incremental stiffness that overcomes those limitations. This tunability is achieved by driving a nonlinear defect mode in a lattice. As in thermal expansion, the defect's vibration amplitude affects the force at the boundary, hence the lattice's stiffness. By using the high sensitivities of nonlinear systems near bifurcation points, we tune the magnitude of the incremental stiffness over a wide range: from positive, to zero, to arbitrarily negative values. The particular deformation where the incremental stiffness is modified can be arbitrarily selected varying the defect's driving frequency. We demonstrate this experimentally in a compressed array of spheres and propose a general theoretical model.
description: 29 Pages, 9 Figures
Do early prescribers of new drugs have different risk management practices?
Creators: name: Nocera, Maryalice
name: Dasgupta, Nabarun
name: Brown, John R
name: Slavova, Svetla
name: Freeman, Patricia R
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2022

description: Conduct a statewide prescriber survey to evaluate if selfdescribed
early prescribers have differences in risk management practices
compared to later prescribers.
Making sensitive data reusable through synthetic data generation – SENSYN
Creators: name: Haas, Marcel
name: Liem, Marieke
name: Spruit, Marco
name: Krüsselmann, Katharina
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences

description: With project SENSYN, we aim to stimulate data sharing and the implementation of FAIR principles in research areas working with highly sensitive data that are currently restricted by privacy regulations. Through the development of accessible handguides, we will introduce and stimulate the use of differentially private synthetic datasets as a solution to said restrictions. Furthermore, through the development of a user-friendly, interactive, and publicly accessible online information hub containing a synthetic dataset, we aim to showcase the use of this technique for citizen engagement in research.
Universal Multimodal Representation for Language Understanding
Creators: name: Zhang, Zhuosheng
name: Chen, Kehai
name: Wang, Rui
name: Utiyama, Masao
name: Sumita, Eiichiro
name: Li, Zuchao
name: Zhao, Hai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Representation learning is the foundation of natural language processing (NLP). This work presents new methods to employ visual information as assistant signals to general NLP tasks. For each sentence, we first retrieve a flexible number of images either from a light topic-image lookup table extracted over the existing sentence-image pairs or a shared cross-modal embedding space that is pre-trained on out-of-shelf text-image pairs. Then, the text and images are encoded by a Transformer encoder and convolutional neural network, respectively. The two sequences of representations are further fused by an attention layer for the interaction of the two modalities. In this study, the retrieval process is controllable and flexible. The universal visual representation overcomes the lack of large-scale bilingual sentence-image pairs. Our method can be easily applied to text-only tasks without manually annotated multimodal parallel corpora. We apply the proposed method to a wide range of natural language generation and understanding tasks, including neural machine translation, natural language inference, and semantic similarity. Experimental results show that our method is generally effective for different tasks and languages. Analysis indicates that the visual signals enrich textual representations of content words, provide fine-grained grounding information about the relationship between concepts and events, and potentially conduce to disambiguation.
description: Accepted by IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence (TPAMI)
Anytime-Valid Tests of Conditional Independence Under Model-X
Creators: name: Grünwald, Peter
name: Henzi, Alexander
name: Lardy, Tyron
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We propose a sequential, anytime-valid method to test the conditional independence of a response Y and a predictor X given a random vector Z. The proposed test is based on e-statistics and test martingales, which generalize likelihood ratios and allow valid inference at arbitrary stopping times. In accordance with the recently introduced model-X setting, our test depends on the availability of the conditional distribution of X given Z, or at least a sufficiently sharp approximation thereof. Within this setting, we derive a general method for constructing e-statistics for testing conditional independence, show that it leads to growth-rate optimal e-statistics for simple alternatives, and prove that our method yields tests with asymptotic power one in the special case of a logistic regression model. A simulation study is done to demonstrate that the approach is competitive in terms of power when compared to established sequential and nonsequential testing methods, and robust with respect to violations of the model-X assumption. Supplementary materials for this article are available online.
Additional file 3 of Rates of compliance and adherence to high-intensity interval training: a systematic review and Meta-analyses
Creators: name: Santos, Alexandre
name: Braaten, Kyra
name: MacPherson, Megan
name: Vasconcellos, Diego
name: Vis-Dunbar, Mathew
name: Lonsdale, Chris
name: Lubans, David
name: Jung, Mary E.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional File 3. Data extraction form and accompanying examples used during the data extraction phase of this systematic review.
Summer Research on Adolescents
Creators: name: Pei, Yifei
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2022

description: The literature indicates that poor body image is linked to worse academic performance and more depressive symptomatology. There is also a negative impact of depressive symptoms on academic performance found in prior studies. However, no prior study has examined the relationships between body esteem, depression, and academic achievement by gender. Studies have found that girls are at higher risk for developing depressed moods and that girls have greater depression symptoms compared to boys (Petersen et al., 1991; Patil et al., 2018). In addition, girls in general have higher levels of academic achievement and obtain higher grades than boys in high school (Fortin et al., 2013; Marsh et al., 1985). Given the gender differences in these important outcomes, it is crucial to address the potential gender differences in the relationship between body esteem, depression, and academic achievement. To address this lack of knowledge, this study aims to investigate the whether gender differences exist in 1) the relationship between body esteem and academic performance, 2) the relationship between depressive symptoms and academic performance, and 3) the relationship between body esteem and depressive symptoms.
Itinerant magnetism in metallic CuFe2Ge2
Creators: name: Shanavas, K. V.
name: Singh, David J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Theoretical calculations are performed to understand the electronic structure and magnetic properties of CuFe$_2$Ge$_2$. The band structure reveal large electron density $N(E_F)$ at the Fermi level suggesting strong itinerant character of magnetism. The Fermi surface is dominated by two dimensional sheet like structures, with potentially strong nesting between them. The magnetic ground state appears to be ferromagnetic along $a$ and antiferromagnetic in other directions. The results show that CuFe$_2$Ge$_2$ is an antiferromagnetic metal, with similarities to the Fe-based superconductors; such as magnetism with substantial itinerant character and coupling between magnetic order and electrons at the Fermi energy.
description: 5 pages, 6 figures
Physical and dynamical properties of selected Earth co-orbital asteroids
Creators: name: Borisov, Galin B.
name: Christou, Apostolos A.
name: Apostolovska, Gordana
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present our investigations of the physical and dynamical properties of selected Earth co-orbital asteroids. The photometric optical light curves as well as rotation periods and pole solutions for a sample of four Earth co-orbital asteroids, namely (138175) 2000 EE104 (P=13.9476+/-0.0051 hrs), (418849) 2008 WM64 (P=2.4077+/-0.0001 hrs), 2016 CA138 (P=5.3137+/-0.0016 hrs) and 2017 SL16 (P=0.3188+/-0.0053 hrs), are determined or improved and presented in this work. For this investigation, we combine observations carried out at the Bulgarian National Astronomical Observatory - Rozhen using the FoReRo2 instrument attached to the 2mRCC telescope as well as sparse data from AstDys2 database. Parallel to the rotational properties we did numerical dynamical simulations to investigate the orbital stability of those objects and to find out if there is a relation with their rotational properties. Our results show that the orbit stability is affected by the orbit itself and mainly its eccentricity and inclination, which are responsible for the close encounters with other Solar system planets. We cannot make a definitive conclusion about the relation between orbit stability and the rotational state of the asteroids, so we need further investigations and observations in order to prove or disprove it.
description: 13 pages, 12 figures and 4 tables
Supplementary document for Possible depth-resolved reconstruction of shear moduli in the cornea following collagen crosslinking (CXL) with optical coherence tomography and elastography. - 6578422.pdf
Creators: name: Regnault, Gabriel
name: Kirby, Mitchell
name: Wang, Ruikang
name: Shen, Tueng
name: O'Donnell, Matthew
name: Pelivanov, Ivan
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biomedical Engineering not elsewhere classified

description: Figures S1 - S9
The association between the selection and effectiveness of emotion regulation strategies and psychopathological features: A daily life study
Creators: name: Koval, Peter
name: Kalokerinos, Elise
name: Houben, Marlies
name: Kuppens, Peter
name: Erbas, Yasemin
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Clinical Psychology
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: borderline personality disorder
subject: depression
subject: psychopathological features
subject: emotion regulation

description: Emotion dysregulation is central to psychopathological conditions, including borderline personality disorder (BPD) and depression. However, the nature of emotion regulation (ER) difficulties in the daily life of people with BPD or depressive features is still unclear. Therefore, this study aimed to disentangle two different ER subprocesses in daily life: (1) selection of ER strategies, and (2) the effectiveness of implementing strategies, in terms of their associations with subsequent emotional experience. We analyzed data from a 3-wave longitudinal experience sampling study of young adults with varying levels of psychopathology symptoms (N=202). BPD symptomatology was uniquely linked to the use, but not altered effectiveness of several putatively adaptive and maladaptive ER strategies. Depressive features were uniquely associated with the use of putatively maladaptive strategies. These findings suggest that ER deficits in people with more BPD or depressive features may be primarily located in strategy selection, rather than the implementation of those strategies.
Corona couple ESM study – Emotional Intensity and Emotion Regulation Strategy Choice
Creators: name: Cludius, Barbara
name: Funk, Julia
name: Semmlinger, Verena
name: Zygar-Hoffmann, Caroline
name: Müller, Celina Liane
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: Psychiatry and Psychology

description: With data from the Corona Couple ESM (=Experience Sampling Method) study, the current study aims to investigate the influence of emotional intensity of unpleasant emotions on the choice of several emotion regulation strategies as well as its effect on the association between emotion regulation choice and subjective attenuation of unpleasant emotions.
A rocky exoplanet classification method and its application to calculating surface pressure and surface temperature
Creators: name: McIntyre, Sarah R. N.
name: King, Penelope L.
name: Mills, Franklin P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: With over 5,000 exoplanets currently detected, there is a need for a primary classification method to prioritise candidates for biosignature observations. Here, we develop a classification method to categorise rocky exoplanets based on their closest solar system analogue using available data of observed stellar and planetary features, masses, and radii, to model non-thermal atmospheric escape, thermal atmospheric escape, and stellar irradiation boundaries. Applying this classification method to the 720 rocky exoplanets in our sample with uncertainties in planetary masses, radii, stellar temperatures, and fluxes propagated via a Monte Carlo model indicates that 22% $\pm$ 8% are Mercury analogues, 39% $\pm$ 4% are Mars analogues, 11% $\pm$ 1% are Venus analogues, 2% $\pm$ 1% are Earth analogues, and 26% $\pm$ 12% are without a known planetary counterpart in our solar system. Extrapolating to conditions on LHS 3844b and GJ 1252b, our classification method gives results reasonably consistent with current observations. Subsequently, to demonstrate the functionality of this classification method, we plot our catalogued sample of exoplanets on an adjusted surface pressure versus temperature phase diagram, presenting more realistic estimates of the potential surface phases (gas, liquid or ice). Our new classification method could help target selection for future exoplanet characterisation missions.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS, 13 pages, 7 figures
Femtosecond x rays link melting of charge-density wave correlations and light-enhanced coherent transport in YBa2Cu3O6.6
Creators: name: Frano, M. Först A.
name: Kaiser, S.
name: Mankowsky, R.
name: Hunt, C. R.
name: Turner, J. J.
name: Dakovski, G. L.
name: Minitti, M. P.
name: Robinson, J.
name: Loew, T.
name: Tacon, M. Le
name: Keimer, B.
name: Hill, J. P.
name: Cavalleri, A.
name: Dhesi, S. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use femtosecond resonant soft x-ray diffraction to measure the optically stimulated ultrafast changes of charge density wave correlations in underdoped YBa2Cu3O6.6. We find that when coherent interlayer transport is enhanced by optical excitation of the apical oxygen distortions, at least 50% of the in-plane charge density wave order is melted. These results indicate that charge ordering and superconductivity may be competing up to the charge ordering transition temperature, with the latter becoming a hidden phase that is accessible only by nonlinear phonon excitation.
description: 22 pages (including Supplement), 3 figures
Additional file 4 of Rates of compliance and adherence to high-intensity interval training: a systematic review and Meta-analyses
Creators: name: Santos, Alexandre
name: Braaten, Kyra
name: MacPherson, Megan
name: Vasconcellos, Diego
name: Vis-Dunbar, Mathew
name: Lonsdale, Chris
name: Lubans, David
name: Jung, Mary E.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional File 4. Table including general information for each included study, such as year of publication, language, number of sites, countries of origin, sources of funding, conflicts of interest, ethical approval, and participant consent.
Maternal BMI, Breastfeeding and Perinatal Factors that Influence Early Childhood Growth Trajectories: A Scoping Review
Creators: name: Wamithi, Susan
name: Abrego, Kayla
name: Cindy-Lee Dennis
name: Lye, Stephen
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Scoping Review
subject: Maternal BMI
subject: Childhood Obesity
subject: Maternal and Child Health
subject: Maternal perinatal Factors
subject: Obesity Development
subject: Breastfeeding

description: Describing and disseminating the relationship between maternal preconception-pregnancy BMI, breastfeeding behaviours and early childhood growth trajectories.
SURF 2022- Design and Analysis of Organometallic Catalysts for the Synthesis of Better Fuels
Creators: name: Eblen, Anna
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2022

description: Research performed under SURF 2022 funding. Various catalyst designs were synthesized and tested for converting ethanol to longer chain alcohol to be used as fuel additives. From these results various design principles were observed. These principles were then used to advance and narrow down what catalyst design routes should be pursued.