cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Using Computational Modeling To Optimize the Design of Antibodies That Trap Viruses in Mucus
Creators: name: McKinley, Scott A.
name: Lai, Samuel K.
name: Chen, Alex
name: Cone, Richard
name: Wessler, Timothy
name: Forest, M. Gregory
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: Immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies that trap viruses in cervicovaginal mucus (CVM) via adhesive interactions between IgG-Fc and mucins have recently emerged as a promising strategy to block vaginally transmitted infections. The array of IgG bound to a virus particle appears to trap the virus by making multiple weak affinity bonds to the fibrous mucins that form the mucus gel. However, the antibody characteristics that maximize virus trapping and minimize viral infectivity remain poorly understood. Toward this goal, we developed a mathematical model that takes into account physiologically relevant spatial dimensions and time scales, binding, and unbinding rates between IgG and virions and between IgG and mucins, as well as the respective diffusivities of virions and IgG in semen and CVM. We then systematically explored the IgG–antigen and IgG–mucin binding and unbinding rates that minimize the flux of infectious HIV arriving at the vaginal epithelium. Surprisingly, contrary to common intuition that infectivity would drop monotonically with increasing affinities between IgG and HIV, and between IgG and mucins, our model suggests maximal trapping of HIV and minimal flux of HIV to the epithelium are achieved with IgG molecules that exhibit (i) rapid antigen binding (high kon) rather than very slow unbinding (low koff), that is, high-affinity binding to the virion, and (ii) relatively weak affinity with mucins. These results provide important insights into the design of more potent “mucotrapping” IgG for enhanced protection against vaginally transmitted infections. The model is adaptable to other pathogens, mucosal barriers, geometries, and kinetic and diffusional effects, providing a tool for hypothesis testing and producing quantitative insights into the dynamics of immune-mediated protection.
Cyclotomic coefficients: gaps and jumps
Creators: name: Camburu, Oana-Maria
name: Ciolan, Emil-Alexandru
name: Luca, Florian
name: Moree, Pieter
name: Shparlinski, Igor E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11B83, 11L07, 11N25

description: We improve several recent results by Hong, Lee, Lee and Park (2012) on gaps and Bzdȩga (2014) on jumps amongst the coefficients of cyclotomic polynomials. Besides direct improvements, we also introduce several new techniques that have never been used in this area.
description: 25 pages
Supplementary Material for: IRAE
Creators: name: karger, figshare admin
Publisher: name: Karger Publishers
Year: 2023
Subjects: Medicine

description: Abstract Introduction: Development of immune-related adverse events (irAEs) has been associated with enhanced efficacy with the use of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). It remains unknown whether such an association exists in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (aHCC). This study aims to evaluate the association between irAEs and ICI efficacy in patients with aHCC. Methods: We performed a retrospective cohort study on patients with aHCC who received at least one dose of an ICI between May 2015 and November 2019 at the National Cancer Centre Singapore. The primary study objectives were to compare the overall survival (OS) and progression- free survival (PFS) between patients with and without irAEs. Complementary multivariable landmark analyses were performed at the 6-week and 12-week landmarks. Data cutoff was December 31, 2020. Results: One hundred and sixty-eight patients were included. Median age was 69 years, 85.7% were male, 57.7% had hepatitis B infection, 60.7% had ECOG 0, and 78.0% had Child-Pugh A liver cirrhosis. 82.7% received ICI monotherapy, while 17.3% received ICI in combination. Development and severity of irAE were correlated with survival. The median PFS for grade ≥3 irAE versus grades 1–2 irAE versus no irAE was 8.5 versus 3.6 versus 1.3 mths (p < 0.001). The median OS for grade ≥3 irAE versus grades 1–2 irAE versus no irAE was 26.9 versus 14.0 versus 4.6 mths (p < 0.001). Patients with ≥2 irAEs had a significantly longer OS on multivariable analysis (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR]0.35, p < 0.001). The presence of grade ≥3 irAEs was associated with a significantly longer OS on the multivariable analysis at the 6-week landmark (aHR0.34, p = 0.030) and 12-week landmark (aHR0.28, p = 0.011). The use of systemic corticosteroids in patients with irAE was associated with a trend toward a longer OS (20.7 vs. 14.3 mths, p = 0.064). Conclusion: Our study suggests that the presence of all-grade irAEs may be a potential prognostic biomarker in patients with aHCC treated with ICI. Patients with more severe irAEs and multisystem involvement have better prognosis. The prompt use of systemic corticosteroids to treat patients with irAEs is key to ensure the best long-term outcomes for these patients
Aloperine and Its Derivatives as a New Class of HIV-1 Entry Inhibitors
Creators: name: Zhu, Lei
name: Chen, Chin-Ho
name: Lai, Weihong
name: Dang, Zhao
name: Huang, Li
name: Bogerd, Hal
name: Lee, Kuo-Hsiung
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: A quinolizidine-type alkaloid aloperine was found to inhibit HIV-1 infection by blocking HIV-1 entry. Aloperine inhibited HIV-1 envelope-mediated cell-cell fusion at low micromolar concentrations. To further improve the antiviral potency, more than 30 aloperine derivatives with a variety of N12-substitutions were synthesized. Among them, 12d with an N-(1-butyl)-4-trifluoromethoxy-benzamide side chain showed the most potent anti-HIV-1 activity with EC50 at 0.69 μM. Aloperine derivatives inhibited both X4 and R5 HIV-1 Env-mediated cell-cell fusions. In addition, both BMS-806, a compound representing a class of HIV-1 gp120-targeting small molecules in clinical trials, and resistant and sensitive HIV-1 Env-mediated cell-cell fusions were equally sensitive to aloperine derivatives. These results suggest that aloperine and its derivatives are a new class of anti-HIV-1 entry inhibitors.
V1 als Registermerkmal? Deklarativische Verberstsätze im Kontext Berlinischer Grabinschriften des 17. Jh.
Creators: name: Eberle, Elisabeth
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: V1
Position des finiten Verbs
Historische Syntax
Frühneuhochdeutsch
17. Jahrhundert
Epitaph

description: Das Poster setzt sich mit der Frage auseinander, ob ein markanter V1-Beleg auf einer barocken Grabinschrift der Berliner Marienkiche ein Hinweis auf ein mögliches Registermerkmal darstellt. Wodurch wurde die Verwendung von Verberst-Deklarativsätzen auf Epitaphien des 17. Jahrhunderts begünstigt?
description: Posterpräsentation der X-Student Research Group "Berliner Inschriften als Quelle für die historische Registerforschung" (Gohar Schnelle, Dina Serova, finanziert durch die Berlin University Alliance) am 03.04.2023.
Household Food Insecurity, Underweight Status and Associated Characteristics among Women of Reproductive age Group in Aysaita district, Affar Regional State, Ethiopia
Creators: name: Abdu, Jemal
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016

description: Background: Ethiopia has experienced rapid, sustained improvement in undernutrition during the past 15 years. However, undernutrition among children and women remains an urgent concern, requiring greater multi-sectoral efforts. Poor nutritional status of children and women has been a serious problem in Ethiopia for many years. Rural women are more likely to be undernourished than urban women, and those residing in the Affar region are the most likely to be undernourished (43.5%) of any region. Objective: To assess the prevalence and identify risk factors associated with both household food insecurity and underweight status among women in the reproductive age (15–49 years of age) group, in Aysaita district of Affar regional state, eastern Ethiopia. Method and Materials: A community based cross-sectional study was conducted among nonpregnant women on May 2015. The Household-Food-Insecurity-Access-Scale (HFIAS) classified food insecurity and anthropometric data classified underweight. Further survey questions assessed dietary diversity and socio-demographics. Multiple binary regression models was used to quantify the association between household food security and nutritional outcomes among women of reproductive age, while accounting for other covariates potentially associated with the outcome variables of interest.
Impact of the Stuttgart fine particle alarm on short-term particulate matter concentrations – a quasi-experimental study protocol
Creators: name: Schwarz, Kjell
name: Burns, Jacob
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Environmental Public Health
subject: Public Health
subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: Epidemiology

description: The city of Stuttgart, Germany enacted a fine particle alarm (“Feinstaub-Alarm”), which was in place between January 2016 and April 2020. In this study, we use quasi-experimental methods to evaluate the short-term impact of this measure on particulate matter (PM10) concentrations.
Binary Neutron Stars with Generic Spin, Eccentricity, Mass ratio, and Compactness - Quasi-equilibrium Sequences and First Evolutions
Creators: name: Dietrich, Tim
name: Moldenhauer, Niclas
name: Johnson-McDaniel, Nathan K.
name: Bernuzzi, Sebastiano
name: Markakis, Charalampos M.
name: Bruegmann, Bernd
name: Tichy, Wolfgang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Information about the last stages of a binary neutron star inspiral and the final merger can be extracted from quasi-equilibrium configurations and dynamical evolutions. In this article, we construct quasi-equilibrium configurations for different spins, eccentricities, mass ratios, compactnesses, and equations of state. For this purpose we employ the SGRID code, which allows us to construct such data in previously inaccessible regions of the parameter space. In particular, we consider spinning neutron stars in isolation and in binary systems; we incorporate new methods to produce highly eccentric and eccentricity reduced data; we present the possibility of computing data for significantly unequal-mass binaries; and we create equal-mass binaries with individual compactness up to 0.23. As a proof of principle, we explore the dynamical evolution of three new configurations. First, we simulate a $q=2.06$ mass ratio which is the highest mass ratio for a binary neutron star evolved in numerical relativity to date. We find that mass transfer from the companion star sets in a few revolutions before merger and a rest mass of $\sim10^{-2}M_\odot$ is transferred between the two stars. This configuration also ejects a large amount of material during merger, imparting a substantial kick to the remnant. Second, we simulate the first merger of a precessing binary neutron star. We present the dominant modes of the gravitational waves for the precessing simulation, where a clear imprint of the precession is visible in the (2,1) mode. Finally, we quantify the effect of an eccentricity reduction procedure on the gravitational waveform. The procedure improves the waveform quality and should be employed in future precision studies, but also other errors, notably truncation errors, need to be reduced in order for the improvement due to eccentricity reduction to be effective. [abridged]
description: (37pages, 26 figures)
Design and Synthesis of Novel Macrocyclic Mer Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors
Creators: name: DeRyckere, Deborah
name: Zhang, Weihe
name: Stashko, Michael A.
name: Chen, Zhilong
name: Wang, Xiaodong
name: Miley, Michael J.
name: Earp, H. Shelton
name: Norris-Drouin, Jacqueline
name: Machius, Mischa
name: Liu, Jing
name: Graham, Douglas K.
name: Wood, Edgar
name: Frye, Stephen V.
name: Kireev, Dmitri
name: Nichols, James
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: Mer tyrosine kinase (MerTK) is aberrantly elevated in various tumor cells and has a normal anti-inflammatory role in the innate immune system. Inhibition of MerTK may provide dual effects against these MerTK-expressing tumors through reducing cancer cell survival and redirecting the innate immune response. Recently, we have designed novel and potent macrocyclic pyrrolopyrimidines as MerTK inhibitors using a structure-based approach. The most active macrocycles had an EC50 below 40 nM in a cell-based MerTK phosphor-protein ELISA assay. The X-ray structure of macrocyclic analogue 3 complexed with MerTK was also resolved and demonstrated macrocycles binding in the ATP binding pocket of the MerTK protein as anticipated. In addition, the lead compound 16 (UNC3133) had a 1.6 h half-life and 16% oral bioavailability in a mouse PK study.
Mutation Testing as a Safety Net for Test Code Refactoring
Creators: name: Parsai, Ali
name: Murgia, Alessandro
name: Soetens, Quinten David
name: Demeyer, Serge
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Refactoring is an activity that improves the internal structure of the code without altering its external behavior. When performed on the production code, the tests can be used to verify that the external behavior of the production code is preserved. However, when the refactoring is performed on test code, there is no safety net that assures that the external behavior of the test code is preserved. In this paper, we propose to adopt mutation testing as a means to verify if the behavior of the test code is preserved after refactoring. Moreover, we also show how this approach can be used to identify the part of the test code which is improperly refactored.
Tumor Presence Induces Global Immune Changes and Enhances Nanoparticle Clearance
Creators: name: Brighton, Hailey E.
name: Kai, Marc P.
name: Shen, Tammy W.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: Long-circulating nanoparticles are essential for increasing tumor accumulation to provide therapeutic efficacy. While it is known that tumor presence can alter the immune system, very few studies have explored this impact on nanoparticle circulation. In this report, we demonstrate how the presence of a tumor can change the local and global immune system, which dramatically increases particle clearance. We found that tumor presence significantly increased clearance of PRINT hydrogel nanoparticles from the circulation, resulting in increased accumulation in the liver and spleen, due to an increase in M2-like macrophages. Our findings highlight the need to better understand interactions between immune status and nanoparticle clearance, and suggest that further consideration of immune function is required for success in preclinical and clinical nanoparticle studies.
The dependence of scattering length on van der Waals interaction and on the reduced-mass of the system in two-atomic collision at cold energies
Creators: name: Ray, Hasi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The static-exchange model (SEM) and the modified static-exchange model (MSEM) recently introduced by Ray [1] is applied to study the elastic collision between two hydrogen-like atoms when both are in ground states considering the system as a four-body Coulomb problem in the center of mass frame, in which all the Coulomb interaction terms in direct and exchange channels are treated exactly. The SEM includes the non-adiabatic short-range effect due to electron-exchange. The MSEM added in it, the long-range effect due to induced dynamic dipole polarizabilities between the atoms e.g. the Van der Waals interaction. Applying the SEM code in different H-like two-atomic systems, a reduced mass dependence on scattering length is observed. Again applying the MSEM code on H(1s)-H(1s) elastic scattering and varying the minimum values of interatomic distance, the dependence of scattering length on the effective interatomic potential consistent with the existing physics are observed. Both these basic findings in low and cold energy atomic collision physics are quite useful and are being reported for the first time.
description: 7 pages, 2 figures, 2 tables (accepted for publication in Pramana Journal of Physics, IAS, Bangalore, India)
H 2 O 2 -Responsive Vesicles Integrated with Transcutaneous Patches for Glucose-Mediated Insulin Delivery
Creators: name: Xie, Zhigang
name: Gu, Zhen
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: A self-regulated "smart" insulin administration system would be highly desirable for diabetes management. Here, a glucose-responsive insulin delivery device, which integrates H2O2-responsive polymeric vesicles (PVs) with a transcutaneous microneedle-array patch was prepared to achieve a fast response, excellent biocompatibility, and painless administration. The PVs are self-assembled from block copolymer incorporated with polyethylene glycol (PEG) and phenylboronic ester (PBE)-conjugated polyserine (designated mPEG-b-P(Ser-PBE)) and loaded with glucose oxidase (GOx) and insulin. The polymeric vesicles function as both moieties of the glucose sensing element (GOx) and the insulin release actuator to provide basal insulin release as well as promote insulin release in response to hyperglycemic states. In the current study, insulin release responds quickly to elevated glucose and its kinetics can be modulated by adjusting the concentration of GOx loaded into the microneedles. In vivo testing indicates that a single patch can regulate glucose levels effectively with reduced risk of hypoglycemia.
Regime change in hybrid regimes: a comparative qualitative analysis
Creators: name: Kippels, Kai Simon
Publisher: name: University of Limerick
Year: 2023
Subjects: Public administration

description: This doctoral thesis researches the topic of regime change in hybrid regimes. Regime change is a topic that has received significant academic attention, but due to the concept’s often ill-defined nature, existing research frequently presents contradicting results. This is due to the variety of regime change types, such as democratization and autocratization, and the variety of processes, for example military coups and the introduction of democratic elections, that drive them. The goal of this thesis was to examine whether explanations proposed in existing research, despite frequently being highly specific, are sufficient for the formulation of a universal causal mechanism of hybrid regime change. The focus of the thesis is on hybrid regimes specifically as they are the most volatile type of political regime. Moreover, it is within hybrid regimes that both positive regime change, in the form democratization, and negative regime change, in the form of autocratization, occur with equal frequency. To investigate whether a coherent causal mechanism can be formulated, this thesis makes use of the Qualitative Comparative Analysis (QCA) method. This method allows assessing whether multiple conditions can either individually or in conjunction with each other consistently lead to the outcome of regime change. This methodology is especially well suited since it allows for an analysis of medium-sized samples, which is necessary as less than 200 instances of positive or negative hybrid regime change could be identified in the last thirty years. Under the principle of equifinality, QCA also allows for multiple paths to regime change to coexist, which is necessary considering the complexity of the issue of regime change. Ultimately, the QCA analysis in this thesis could not deliver conclusive results and further research into the topic of regime change utilizing alternative methods is recommended.
Monster Dance Project
Creators: name: FitzGibbon, Lily
name: Mieliauskaite, Gabija
name: Murayama, Kou
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Experimental Analysis of Behavior
subject: Cognitive Psychology
subject: Cognition and Perception
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: Exploring the relationship between stimulus complexity and interest using sequences of visual stimuli (monsters doing dances).
Quantum entanglement in the one-dimensional spin-orbital SU(2)$\otimes XXZ$ model
Creators: name: You, Wen-Long
name: Horsch, Peter
name: Oleś, Andrzej M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the phase diagram and the spin-orbital entanglement of a one-dimensional SU(2)$\otimes XXZ$ model with SU(2) spin exchange and anisotropic $XXZ$ orbital exchange interactions and negative exchange coupling. As a unique feature, the spin-orbital entanglement entropy in the entangled ground states increases here linearly with system size. In the case of Ising orbital interactions we identify an emergent phase with long-range spin-singlet dimer correlations triggered by a quadrupling of correlations in the orbital sector. The peculiar translational invariant spin-singlet dimer phase has finite von Neumann entanglement entropy and survives when orbital quantum fluctuations are included. It even persists in the isotropic SU(2)$\otimes$SU(2) limit. Surprisingly, for finite transverse orbital coupling the long-range spin singlet correlations also coexist in the antiferromagnetic spin and alternating orbital phase making this phase also unconventional. Moreover we also find a complementary orbital singlet phase that exists in the isotropic case but does not extend to the Ising limit. The nature of entanglement appears essentially different from that found in the frequently discussed model with positive coupling. Furthermore we investigate the collective spin and orbital wave excitations of the disentangled ferromagnetic-spin/ferro-orbital ground state and explore the continuum of spin-orbital excitations. Interestingly one finds among the latter excitations two modes of exciton bound states. Their spin-orbital correlations differ from the remaining continuum states and exhibit logarithmic scaling of the von Neumann entropy with increasing system size.
description: 20 pages, 22 figures
Hearing morse, music, mountains and heart beats: a sociology of sensory knowing
Creators: name: Maslen, Sarah Elizabeth
Publisher: name: The Australian National University
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: BD175.M37 2012
subject: Knowledge, Sociology of
subject: Senses and sensation

description: We rely on our senses to make judgements and perform roles, whether these are mundane aspects of life such as road crossing, or the more specialised tasks of music-making and paediatric surgery. Taking the example of hearing, this thesis argues that it is useful to consider the senses as a form of knowledge, adopting Fredrik Barth's position that knowledges are avenues through which people actively engage with their worlds. In defining knowledge and the senses in these terms, this research is an exploratory contribution to both sensory studies and sociologies of knowledge. Based on participant observation and interviews with 92 musicians, doctors, adventurers and Morse code operators, the thesis begins by examining each epistemic community's underlying knowledge base, before exploring their learning methods and the conditions that support the development of aural acuity. It then explores the role of the senses in expert practices, illustrating their value in decision-making,particularly in critical contexts. This thesis argues that the senses are a dynamic and active form of knowledge that needs to be examined at the micro- and macro-sociological level, as well as across careers and lifespans. It illustrates how the senses are learnt, interactive, responsive and personal.
Heart Repair Using Nanogel-Encapsulated Human Cardiac Stem Cells in Mice and Pigs with Myocardial Infarction
Creators: name: Cheng, Ke
name: Hartanto, Yusak
name: Zhang, Jinying
name: Cui, Xiaolin
name: Shen, Deliang
name: Vandergriff, Adam C.
name: Zhang, Hu
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: Stem cell transplantation is currently implemented clinically but is limited by low retention and engraftment of transplanted cells and the adverse effects of inflammation and immunoreaction when allogeneic or xenogeneic cells are used. Here, we demonstrate the safety and efficacy of encapsulating human cardiac stem cells (hCSCs) in thermosensitive poly(N-isopropylacrylamine-co-acrylic acid) or P(NIPAM-AA) nanogel in mouse and pig models of myocardial infarction (MI). Unlike xenogeneic hCSCs injected in saline, injection of nanogel-encapsulated hCSCs does not elicit systemic inflammation or local T cell infiltrations in immunocompetent mice. In mice and pigs with acute MI, injection of encapsulated hCSCs preserves cardiac function and reduces scar sizes, whereas injection of hCSCs in saline has an adverse effect on heart healing. In conclusion, thermosensitive nanogels can be used as a stem cell carrier: the porous and convoluted inner structure allows nutrient, oxygen, and secretion diffusion but can prevent the stem cells from being attacked by immune cells.
COVID and fictional beings
Creators: name: Sullivan, Jess
name: Tillman, Katharine
name: Shtulman, Andrew
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Developmental Psychology
subject: Cognitive Psychology
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: he present study has several goals: To determine children’s beliefs about how mythical, supernatural, and human creatures are impacted by COVID-19 (coronavirus). This allows us to ask how beliefs about the real world transfer to the pretend world. To ask whether beliefs about fictional, supernatural, and human creatures have changed since Shtulman (2008), given that we are currently in a high-mortality-salience and high-illness-salience environment. To determine the relationship between children’s beliefs about COVID-19 and their own family’s personal practices surrounding COVID-19.
Correlating in Vitro and in Vivo Activities of Light-Inducible Dimers: A Cellular Optogenetics Guide
Creators: name: Kuhlman, Brian
name: Yumerefendi, Hayretin
name: Bear, James E.
name: Zimmerman, Seth P.
name: Hallett, Ryan A.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: Light-inducible dimers are powerful tools for cellular optogenetics, as they can be used to control the localization and activity of proteins with high spatial and temporal resolution. Despite the generality of the approach, application of light-inducible dimers is not always straightforward, as it is frequently necessary to test alternative dimer systems and fusion strategies before the desired biological activity is achieved. This process is further hindered by an incomplete understanding of the biophysical/biochemical mechanisms by which available dimers behave and how this correlates to in vivo function. To better inform the engineering process, we examined the biophysical and biochemical properties of three blue-light-inducible dimer variants (cryptochrome2 (CRY2)/CIB1, iLID/SspB, and LOVpep/ePDZb) and correlated these characteristics to in vivo colocalization and functional assays. We find that the switches vary dramatically in their dark and lit state binding affinities and that these affinities co...
Condensation versus Long-range Interaction: Competing Quantum Phases in Bosonic Optical Lattice Systems at Near-resonant Rydberg Dressing
Creators: name: Geißler, Andreas
name: Vasić, Ivana
name: Hofstetter, Walter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent experiments have shown that (quasi-)crystalline phases of Rydberg-dressed quantum many-body systems in optical lattices (OL) are within reach. Rydberg systems naturally possess strong long-range interactions due to the large polarizability of Rydberg atoms. Thus a wide range of quantum phases have been predicted, such as a devil's staircase of lattice incommensurate density wave phases as well as more exotic lattice supersolid order for bosonic systems, as considered in our work. Guided by results in the "frozen" gas limit, we study the ground state phase diagram at finite hopping amplitudes and in the vicinity of resonant Rydberg driving, while fully including the long-range tail of the van der Waals interaction. Simulations within real-space bosonic dynamical mean-field theory (RB-DMFT) yield an extension of the devil's staircase into the supersolid regime where the competition of condensation and interaction leads to a sequence of crystalline phases.
description: 8 pages + 3 pages appendices + references, 5 figures + 4 figures in appendices
Spatial ecology informs reintroduction tactics for warabin (Burhinus grallarius;bush stone-curlew)
Creators: name: Rapley, Shoshana
Publisher: name: The Australian National University
Year: 2020

description: Reintroduction is an important conservation intervention used to restore species and their ecological functions within their former range. Reintroduction success relies on the appropriate selection of tactics and strategies tailored to the species and recipient ecosystem; however, sufficient ecological knowledge is not always available, particularly for poorly studied, cryptic and refugee species. This challenge can be overcome by using adaptive management, a framework which enables ‘learning by doing’. This thesis provides a case-study using an initial reintroduction to inform tactic selection for future translocations. Warabin (Burhinus grallarius) have declined substantially in southern Australia due to habitat loss and predation by feral predators (largely foxes, Vulpes vulpes) and now occupy a subset of their former niche. They have been successfully reintroduced to a fenced reserve, Mulligans Flat Woodland Sanctuary (MFWS), which provides an opportunity to assess their habitat requirements and movement behaviours. Founders and residents (founders released in previous years and their offspring) were fitted with GPS backpacks. Founders were wing-clipped to prevent dispersal over the fence. GPS data was used to calculate home-ranges, dispersal, and to develop a maximum entropy (maxent) species distribution model of warabin habitat use. Warabin habitats were partitioned into roosting habitat, characterised by cover (30-40% overstory, >5% understory and hill slopes), and foraging habitat, characterised by food-related features (live green vegetation, deep soils and proximity to water). Roosting habitat required more specialised features than foraging habitat, and these habitat features can be remotely-sensed to select future sites for warabin release. Founders were more likely to survive to 3-months if they moved further away from the release site (but remained within MFWS), and had decreasing home-range sizes over time. Whilst founders stayed in the sanctuary, residents flew outside the sanctuary to forage on 50% of days, demonstrating that they can use novel-habitat (agricultural land and urban areas) and coexist with foxes. The estimated carrying-capacity for MFWS is 90-100 pairs, and when this carrying-capacity is reached, MFWS could be used as a source population for future translocations. This study demonstrated that an initial translocation can be used to gather critical ecological knowledge to inform future attempts, and species distribution modelling can aid this process. Rather than waiting until ‘enough’ is known about a species or recipient ecosystem, embarking on a translocation and applying learnings ‘on the fly’ can improve reintroduction outcomes. By using an adaptive management framework in such conservation projects this study has shown the potential to increase success in reversing loss of species and their functions and restore biodiversity.
One-loop QCD correction to top pair production in the littlest Higgs model with T-parity at the LHC
Creators: name: Yang, Bingfang
name: Liu, Ning
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, we investigate the one-loop QCD correction to top pair production in the littlest Higgs model with T-parity at the LHC. We calculate the relative correction of the top pair production cross section and top-antitop spin correlation at the LHC for $\sqrt{s}=8,14$ TeV. We find that the relative corrections of top pair production cross section can reach about $-0.35\%$, and the top-antitop spin correlation can reach $1.7\%$($2\%$) at the 8(14) TeV LHC in the favorable parameter space.
A Framework of Rangelands Tactical Decision Making for Wind Erosion Management
Creators: name: Bailey, Lachlan
Publisher: name: The Australian National University
Year: 2018

description: Wind erosion is a major land management issue in the rangelands of south-eastern Australia, being a major cause of soil loss and land degradation. As wind erosion is an active process, predicting when and where wind erosion will occur is extremely challenging, with potentially disastrous consequences in the advent of mismanagement. Wind erosion is a combined socio-spatial and biophysical issue with a long palaeoenvironmental and recent history. Overgrazing by livestock, feral animals and native animals, as well an extensive history of drought has resulted in accelerated wind erosion rates, leaving a legacy of degraded soils. This is a topical issue, as the rangelands of south-eastern Australia are undergoing transformational change with the recent emergence of carbon farming, an updated kangaroo management plan, and changes in land tenure; all combining to create a dynamic management landscape. Over the past decades, a range of land management tools have been developed to assist landholders and policy-makers in navigating this landscape. These tools originate from a multifaceted array of sources, and have very little capability to interact with each other. Individually no single tool is capable of comprehensively predicting wind erosion, generating the question of whether a combination of tools or a suite of particular components could improve wind erosion management outcomes. This research adapted a hybrid approach- a criteria-based matrix analysis- to identify the components of each tool that enable tactical decision making by frontline managers in the rangelands of south-eastern Australia. The matrix analysis process consisted of examining the available wind erosion management tools through a suite of criteria that investigate the accuracy, relevance and accessibility of the tools to frontline managers. The validity of the process and findings was ground-truthed through a stakeholder survey. This process highlighted that certain components of wind erosion management tools improve the capacity of frontline manages to make informed decisions at the paddock-scale. By combining these components, a framework for further tool development is outlined. Importantly, frontline managers were interested in the productivity benefits that tools could provide, indicating the importance of connecting the benefits of controlling wind erosion to productivity outcomes. This highlights the potential difficulties in promoting management for wind erosion, and the importance of promoting awareness of management for wind erosion in Australia. By proposing a suite of ideal features that a future wind erosion management tool would possess, this research indicates a way forward that can potentially improve both productivity and environmental outcomes.
Population and development in the Amazon: A longitudinal study of migrant settlers in the Northern Ecuadorian Amazon
Creators: name: BILSBORROW, Richard
name: MENA, Carlos
name: SALINAS, Victoria
name: SELLERS, Samuel
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: ABSTRACT This paper examines changes over time for a full generation of migrant settlers in the Northern Ecuadorian Amazon (NEA). Data were collected from a 2014 household survey covering a subsample of households surveyed previously in 1990 and 1999. We observed changes in demographic behavior, land use, forest cover, and living conditions. As the frontier develops, human fertility is continuing to decline with contraceptive prevalence rising. Meanwhile, out-migration from colonist households, largely to destinations within the region, persists. More households have secure land tenure than in 1999, and are better off as measured by possession of assets. There is continued growth in pasture, largely at the expense of forest. Farms still serve as an important livelihood source for families, though growing cities in the NEA are creating more non-agricultural economic opportunities. Our findings provide a snapshot of demographic, economic, land use, and livelihood changes occurring in the NEA during the past quarter century, providing useful information for policymakers seeking to balance economic and environmental goals in order to promote sustainable development as well as protect biodiversity.
Carboranyl-1,8-naphthalimide intercalators induce lysosomal membrane permeabilization and ferroptosis in cancer cell lines
Creators: name: Rykowski, Sebastian
name: Gurda-Woźna, Dorota
name: Fedoruk-Wyszomirska, Agnieszka
name: Orlicka-Płocka, Marta
name: Kowalczyk, Aleksandra
name: Stączek, Paweł
name: Denel-Bobrowska, Marta
name: Biniek-Antosiak, Katarzyna
name: Rypniewski, Wojciech
name: Wyszko, Eliza
name: Olejniczak, Agnieszka B.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Cancer

description: The synthesis of carborane-1,8-naphthalimide conjugates and evaluation of their DNA-binding ability and anticancer activity were performed. A series of 4-carboranyl-3-nitro-1,8-naphthalimide derivatives, mitonafide and pinafide analogs, were synthesised via amidation and reductive amination reactions, and their calf thymus DNA (ct-DNA)-binding properties were investigated using circular dichroism, UV–vis spectroscopy, and thermal denaturation. Results showed that conjugates 34–37 interacted very strongly with ct-DNA (ΔTm = 10.00–13.00 °C), indicating their ability to intercalate with DNA, but did not inhibit the activity of topoisomerase II. The conjugates inhibited the cell growth of the HepG2 cancer cell line in vitro. The same compounds caused the G2M phase arrest. Cell lines treated with these conjugates showed an increase in reactive oxygen species, glutathione, and Fe2+ levels, lipid peroxidation, and mitochondrial membrane potential relative to controls, indicating the involvement of ferroptosis. Furthermore, these conjugates caused lysosomal membrane permeabilization in HepG2 cells but not in MRC-5 cells.
Investigating the Contribution of Spatially Situated Methods in Assessing the Relocation of Public Housing Tenants
Creators: name: Berrie, Lucinda
Publisher: name: The Australian National University
Year: 2018

description: The involuntary relocation of disadvantaged groups in the name of urban development is a common occurrence all over the world. Land use conflicts arising from urbanisation, sustainable development, and gentrification necessitate the reassessment, and reconfiguration, of public space and infrastructure. Ultimately, this land use conflict translates into a perplexing urban planning conundrum, involving uncertainty in how urban space would best be utilised. In the context of old public assets in changing cities, social policy and asset management often collide, with aims to support vulnerable communities and aims to acquire investment both manifesting for a single spatial locale. Thus, the political economy of cities and the agendas of decision-makers have a disproportionate impact on the individuals in urban society that rely on public infrastructure, and the surrounding environment, for their social and spatial activity. To ensure the best decisions with the least harm are being undertaken, obtaining appropriate evidence to use in decisionmaking is crucial. However, obtaining socio-spatial data on vulnerable groups is fraught with difficulties, making evidence-based approaches difficult. The conceptualisation of socio-spatial concepts, as well as, difficulties in collecting data on disadvantaged sub-populations, lead to obstacles to the incorporation of socio-spatial data in urban planning. For evidence-based policy on urban relocation to be fully realised, it is essential that a straightforward methodological approach is crafted that addresses these barriers. This thesis endeavours to fill this gap by devising and evaluating a method that reflects the socio-spatial lived experience of relocated groups by drawing upon behavioural geography principles and techniques in a case study of a relocation event in Canberra, Australian Capital Territory (ACT). The method devised was found to provide detailed accounts of the effect of relocation on lived experience. These accounts corresponded with the theoretical expectations surrounding development induced displacement, demonstrating the methods sufficiency in representing the complex relocation phenomenon. The method developed provides a previously lacking layer of context, that, when united with other data collection methods, contributes to providing the best possible evidence for decision-making. This provides benefit to stakeholders in the ACT, as the effect of urban relocation on access to services and feelings of belonging have been investigated in the local context, suggesting areas for consideration by decision-makers. It also provides broader benefit to the discipline and evidence-based policy, as the method developed is affordable, transferable and subverts common access barriers.
Magnetic field-induced insulator-semimetal transition in a pyrochlore Nd2Ir2O7
Creators: name: Ueda, K.
name: Fujioka, J.
name: Yang, B. -J.
name: Shiogai, J.
name: Tsukazaki, A.
name: Nakamura, S.
name: Awaji, S.
name: Nagaosa, N.
name: Tokura, Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have investigated magneto-transport properties in a single crystal of pyrochore-type Nd2Ir2O7. The metallic conduction is observed on the antiferromagnetic domain walls of the all-in all-out type Ir-5d moment ordered insulating bulk state, that can be finely controlled by external magnetic field along [111]. On the other hand, an applied field along [001] induces the bulk phase transition from insulator to semimetal as a consequence of the field-induced modification of Nd-4f and Ir-5d moment configurations. A theoretical calculation consistently describing the experimentally observed features suggests a variety of exotic topological states as functions of electron correlation and Ir-5d moment orders which can be finely tuned by choice of rare-earth ion and by magnetic field, respectively.
Anti-biofilm action of nitric oxide-releasing alkyl-modified poly(amidoamine) dendrimers against  Streptococcus mutans
Creators: name: Backlund, Christopher J.
name: Worley, Brittany V.
name: Schoenfisch, Mark H.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: The effect of nitric oxide (NO)-releasing dendrimer hydrophobicity on Streptococcus mutans killing and biofilm disruption was examined at pH 7.4 and 6.4, the latter relevant to dental caries. Generation 1 (G1) poly(amidoamine) (PAMAM) dendrimers were modified with alkyl epoxides to generate propyl-, butyl-, hexyl-, octyl-, and dodecyl-functionalized dendrimers. The resulting secondary amines were reacted with NO to form N-diazeniumdiolate NO donor-modified dendrimer scaffolds (total NO ∼1μmol/mg). The bactericidal action of the NO-releasing dendrimers against both planktonic and biofilm-based S. mutans proved greatest with increasing alkyl chain length and at lower pH. Improved bactericidal efficacy at pH 6.4 was attributed to increased scaffold surface charge that enhanced dendrimer-bacteria association and ensuing membrane damage. For shorter alkyl chain (i.e., propyl and butyl) dendrimer modifications, increased antibacterial action at pH 6.4 was due to faster NO-release kinetics from proton-labile N-diazeniumdiolate NO donors. Octyl- and dodecyl-modified PAMAM dendrimers proved most effective for eradicating S. mutans biofilms with NO release mitigating dendrimer scaffold cytotoxicity. We report the antibacterial and anti-biofilm efficacy of dual-action nitric oxide (NO)-releasing dendrimers against S. mutans, an etiological agent in dental caries. This work was undertaken to enhance the anti-biofilm action of these scaffolds by employing various alkyl chain modifications. Furthermore, we evaluated the ability of NO to eradicate cariogenic biofilms. We found that at the lower pH associated with dental caries (pH ∼6.4), NO has a more pronounced antibacterial effect for alkyl modifications less capable of biofilm penetration and membrane disruption. Of greatest significance, we introduce dendrimers as a new macromolecular antibacterial agent against the cariogenic bacteria S. mutans.
Optimized Setup for 2D Convection Experiments in Thin Liquid Films
Creators: name: Winkler, Michael
name: Abel, Markus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a novel experimental setup to investigate two-dimensional thermal convection in a freestanding thin liquid film. We develop a setup for the reproducible generation of freestanding thin liquid films. Such films can be produced in a controlled way on the scale of 5 to 1000 nanometers. Our primary goal is to investigate the statistics of reversals in Rayleigh-Bénard convection with varying aspect ratio; here numerical works are quite expensive and 3D experiments prohibitively complicated and costly. However, as well questions regarding the physics of liquid films under controlled conditions can be investigated, like surface forces, or stability under varying thermodynamical parameters. The thin liquid film has a well-defined and -chosen chemistry in order to fit our particular requirements, it has a thickness to area ratio of approximately 10^8 and is supported by a frame which is adjustable in height and width to vary the aspect ratio from 0.16 to 10. The top and bottom frame elements can be set to specific temperature within T= 15-55°C. The ambient parameters of the thin film are carefully controlled to achieve reproducible results and allow a comparison to experimental and numerical data.
Addiction or Transgression? Moral Incongruence and Self-Reported Problematic Pornography Use in a Nationally Representative Sample
Creators: name: Grubbs, Joshua
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Clinical Psychology
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: This is a registration of the public codebook and stimulus materials for this project.