cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Basic Issues in Incorporating Community and Environmental Factors in the Transport System Planning Process
Creators: name: Mead, Kirtland C.
name: Manheim, Marvin L.
name: Reno, Arlee T.
name: Mead, Kirtland C.
name: Manheim, Marvin L.
name: Reno, Arlee T.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1971
Subjects: Public Economics

description: Presented at the 12th Transportation Research Forum meeting, Oct. 18-20, 1971, Philadelphia, PA
Entanglement bound for multipartite pure states based on local measurements
Creators: name: Jiang, Li-zhen
name: Chen, Xiao-yu
name: Ye, Tian-yu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An entanglement bound based on local measurements is introduced for multipartite pure states. It is the upper bound of the geometric measure and the relative entropy of entanglement. It is the lower bound of minimal measurement entropy. For pure bipartite states, the bound is equal to the entanglement entropy. The bound is applied to pure tripartite qubit states and the exact tripartite relative entropy of entanglement is obtained for a wide class of states.
description: 8 pages, 1 figure, accepted by Physical Review A
Reflection Representations of Coxeter Groups and Homology of Coxeter Graphs
Creators: name: Hu, Hongsheng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 20C15, 20F55

description: We study and classify a class of representations (called generalized geometric representations) of a Coxeter group of finite rank. These representations can be viewed as a natural generalization of the geometric representation. The classification is achieved by using characters of the integral homology group of certain graphs closely related to the Coxeter graph. On this basis, we also provide an explicit description of those representations on which the defining generators of the Coxeter group act by reflections.
description: This is a revised version of part of arXiv:2112.03771, with some additional results added. Comments welcome!
Moment-angle complexes and polyhedral products for convex polytopes
Creators: name: Ayzenberg, A. A.
name: Buchstaber, V. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05E45 (primary) 18A30, 52B05 (secondary)

description: Let P be a convex polytope not simple in general. In the focus of this paper lies a simplicial complex K_P which carries complete information about the combinatorial type of P. In the case when P is simple, K_P is the same as dP*, where P* is a polar dual polytope. Using the canonical embedding of a polytope P into nonnegative orthant, we introduce a moment-angle space Z_P for a polytope P. It is known, that in the case when P is simple the space Z_P is homeomorphic to the polyhedral product (D^2,S^1)^{K_P}. When P is not simple, we prove that the space Z_P is homotopically equivalent to the space (D^2,S^1)^{K_P}. This allows to introduce bigraded Betti numbers for any convex polytope. A Stanley-Reisner ring of a polytope P can be defined as a Stanley-Reisner ring of a simplicial complex K_P. All these considerations lead to a natural question: which simplicial complexes arise as K_P for some polytope P? We have proceeded in this direction by introducing a notion of a polytopic simplicial complex. It has the following property: link of each simplex in a polytopic complex is either contractible, or retractible to a subcomplex, homeomorphic to a sphere. The complex K_P is a polytopic simplicial complex for any polytope P. Links of so called face simplices in a polytopic complex are polytopic complexes as well. This fact is sufficient enough to connect face polynomial of a simplicial complex K_P to the face polynomial of a polytope P, giving a series of inequalities on certain combinatorial characteristics of P. Two of these inequalities are equalities for each P and represent Euler-Poincare formula and one of Bayer-Billera relations for flag f-numbers. In the case when P is simple all inequalities turn out to be classical Dehn-Sommerville relations.
description: 26 pages, 5 figures. A few typos were removed in the third version
On the stochastic behaviour of optional processes up to random times
Creators: name: Kardaras, Constantinos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper, a study of random times on filtered probability spaces is undertaken. The main message is that, as long as distributional properties of optional processes up to the random time are involved, there is no loss of generality in assuming that the random time is actually a randomised stopping time. This perspective has advantages in both the theoretical and practical study of optional processes up to random times. Applications are given to financial mathematics, as well as to the study of the stochastic behaviour of Brownian motion with drift up to its time of overall maximum as well as up to last-passage times over finite intervals. Furthermore, a novel proof of the Jeulin-Yor decomposition formula via Girsanov's theorem is provided.
description: Published in at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/13-AAP976 the Annals of Applied Probability (http://www.imstat.org/aap/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
Temperature-Dependent Contact of Weakly Interacting Single-Component Fermi Gases and Loss Rate of Degenerate Polar Molecules
Creators: name: Gao, Xin-Yuan
name: Blume, D.
name: Yan, Yangqian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Motivated by the experimental realization of single-component degenerate Fermi gases of polar ground state KRb molecules with intrinsic two-body losses [L. De Marco, G. Valtolina, K. Matsuda, W. G. Tobias, J. P. Covey, and J. Ye, A degenerate Fermi gas of polar molecules, Science 363, 853 (2019)], this work studies the finite-temperature loss rate of single-component Fermi gases with weak interactions. First, we establish a relationship between the two-body loss rate and the $p$-wave contact. Second, we evaluate the contact of the homogeneous system in the low-temperature regime using $p$-wave Fermi liquid theory and in the high-temperature regime using the second-order virial expansion. Third, conjecturing that there are no phase transitions between the two temperature regimes, we smoothly interpolate the results to intermediate temperatures. It is found that the contact is constant at temperatures close to zero and increases first quadratically with increasing temperature and finally -- in agreement with the Bethe-Wigner threshold law -- linearly at high temperatures. Fourth, applying the local-density approximation, we obtain the loss-rate coefficient for the harmonically trapped system, reproducing the experimental KRb loss measurements within a unified theoretical framework over a wide temperature regime without fitting parameters. Our results for the contact are not only applicable to molecular $p$-wave gases but also to atomic single-component Fermi gases, such as 40K and 6Li.
description: 23 pages, 7 figures, and 5 appendices
Is it hurting or helping? : the relationship between social support type, self-efficacy, and well-being in stressed dyadic partnerships
Creators: name: Levere, Drake
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2022

description: For most people, an intimate partner serves as the first and most important support provider during times of stress. While the perception of support availability has been shown to predict positive outcomes for well-being, research on support transactions (the act of receiving or providing support) has had mixed results. Research suggests that receiving support can sometimes incur costs opposed to benefitting the support receiver. This research seeks to examine when and what types of support transactions can be costly or beneficial to support recipients in times of stress. Chapter 2 examines the relationship that social support and self-efficacy have on rheumatoid arthritis disease activity. An interaction model was assessed that investigated the role that participant’s arthritis self-efficacy and social support had in disease activity at a 1-year follow-up. Participants who reported low self-efficacy and high levels of social support reported the highest level of disease activity, while participants high in self-efficacy and social support reported the lowest levels of disease activity. Chapter 3 tested the reliability and validity of a multidimensional social support transaction scale. Performing a confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) across three separate samples suggested that the multidimensional support had a reliable 5-factor structure. The 5 types of social support measured included emotional/esteem, informational, tangible, affectionate, and negative support. Chapter 4 uses the scale validated in the previous chapter to investigate the impact that various support types and self-efficacy have on stressed, dual-earning, married couples with a pre-school aged child. The results suggested that negative and informational support indirectly predicted daily relationship satisfaction through self-efficacy, while receiving emotional support earlier in the day was positively associated with subsequent relationship satisfaction. In summary, this research adds to the growing body of literature on self-efficacy and support receipt, improving our understanding of how different support transactions can predict short- and long-term outcomes in stressed couples.
Effects of the quark flavour thresholds in the hadronic vacuum polarization contributions to the muon anomalous magnetic moment
Creators: name: Nesterenko, A. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The equivalent representations for the hadronic vacuum polarization contributions to the muon anomalous magnetic moment $a^{\text{HVP}}_μ$ in the presence of the quark flavour thresholds are studied. Specifically, the explicit relations between the contributions given by the integration over a finite kinematic interval to $a^{\text{HVP}}_μ$ expressed in terms of the hadronic vacuum polarization function, Adler function, and the $R$-ratio of electron-positron annihilation into hadrons are derived. It is shown that the quark flavour thresholds of the hadronic vacuum polarization function generate additional contributions to $a^{\text{HVP}}_μ$ expressed in terms of the Adler function and the $R$-ratio and the explicit expressions for such contributions are obtained. The commonly employed dispersion relations, which bind together hadronic vacuum polarization function, Adler function, and $R$-ratio, are extended to account for the effects due to the quark flavour thresholds. The examined additional contributions due to the heavy quark thresholds to $a^{\text{HVP}}_μ$ expressed in terms of the $R$-ratio appear to be quite sizable, that can be of a particular relevance for the data-driven method of assessment of the hadronic part of the muon anomalous magnetic moment.
description: 22 pages, 5 figures
Additional file 1 of Clinical outcomes of early gastric cardiac cancer treated with endoscopic submucosal dissection in patients with different indications
Creators: name: Fan, Ting
name: Sun, Qi
name: Cao, Shouli
name: Fan, Xiangshan
name: Huang, Qin
name: Zhang, Shu
name: Lv, Ying
name: Zhang, Xiaoqi
name: Ling, Tingsheng
name: Wang, Lei
name: Zou, Xiaoping
name: Xu, Guifang
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: Medicine
Cancer
Science Policy

description: Additional file 1: Figure 1. Flow diagram for the patients in this study. Figure 2. The endoscopic submucosal dissection for early gastric cardiac cancer. Figure 3. Patient treatment flow chart. Table 1. Disease specific survival at 3 and 5 years among BEI patients with or without additional surgery after ESD for EGCC which were divided into three risk categories according to the eCura system.
Local time of a system of Brownian particles on the line with steplike initial condition
Creators: name: Burenev, Ivan N.
name: Majumdar, Satya N.
name: Rosso, Alberto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We consider a system of non-interacting Brownian particles on a line with a step-like initial condition, and we investigate the behavior of the local time at the origin at large times. We compute the mean and the variance of the local time, and we show that the memory effects are governed by the Fano factor associated with the initial condition. For the uniform initial condition, we show that the probability distribution of the local time admits a large deviation form, and we compute the corresponding large deviation functions for the annealed and quenched averaging schemes. The two resulting large deviation functions are very different. Our analytical results are supported by extensive numerical simulations.
description: 17 pages, 7 figures; v2 minor corrections
Z' physics with early LHC data
Creators: name: Accomando, Elena
name: Belyaev, Alexander
name: Fedeli, Luca
name: King, Stephen F.
name: Shepherd-Themistocleous, Claire
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the prospects for setting limits on or discovering spin-1 $Z'$ bosons using early LHC data at 7 TeV. Our results are based on the narrow width approximation in which the leptonic Drell-Yan $Z'$ boson production cross-section only depends on the $Z'$ boson mass together with two parameters $c_u$ and $c_d$. We carefully discuss the experimental cuts that should be applied and tabulate the theoretical next-to-next-to-leading order corrections which must be included. Using these results the approach then provides a safe, convenient and unbiased way of comparing experiment to theoretical models which avoids any built-in model dependent assumptions. We apply the method to three classes of perturbative $Z'$ boson benchmark models: $E_6$ models, left-right symmetric models and sequential standard models. We generalise each class of model in terms of {mixing angles which continuously parametrize} linear combinations of pairs of generators and lead to distinctive orbits in the $c_u-c_d$ plane. We also apply this method to the strongly coupled four-site benchmark model in which two $Z'$ bosons are predicted. By comparing the experimental limits or discovery bands to the theoretical predictions on the $c_u$-$c_d$ plane, we show that the LHC at 7 TeV with integrated luminosity of 500 pb$^{-1}$ will greatly improve on current Tevatron mass limits for the benchmark models. If a $Z'$ is discovered our results show that measurement of the mass and cross-section will provide a powerful discriminator between the benchmark models using this approach.
description: 25 pages, 14 figures, revtex, references added
Observation of the anomalous Hall effect in a layered polar semiconductor
Creators: name: Kim, Seo-Jin
name: Zhu, Jihang
name: Piva, Mario M.
name: Schmidt, Marcus
name: Fartab, Dorsa
name: Mackenzie, Andrew P.
name: Baenitz, Michael
name: Nicklas, Michael
name: Rosner, Helge
name: Cook, Ashley M.
name: González-Hernández, Rafael
name: Šmejkal, Libor
name: Zhang, Haijing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Progress in magnetoelectric materials is hindered by apparently contradictory requirements for time-reversal symmetry broken and polar ferroelectric electronic structure in common ferromagnets and antiferromagnets. Alternative routes could be provided by recent discoveries of a time-reversal symmetry breaking anomalous Hall effect in noncollinear magnets and altermagnets, but hitherto reported bulk materials are not polar. Here, we report the observation of a spontaneous anomalous Hall effect in doped AgCrSe$_2$, a layered polar semiconductor with an antiferromagnetic coupling between Cr spins in adjacent layers. The anomalous Hall resistivity 3 $μΩ$ cm is comparable to the largest observed in compensated magnetic systems to date, and is rapidly switched off when the angle of an applied magnetic field is rotated to $\sim 80^{\circ}$ from the crystalline $c$-axis. Our ionic gating experiments show that the anomalous Hall conductivity magnitude can be enhanced by modulating the $p$-type carrier density. We also present theoretical results that suggest the anomalous Hall effect is driven by Berry curvature due to noncollinear antiferromagnetic correlations among Cr spins, which are consistent with the previously suggested magnetic ordering in AgCrSe$_2$. Our results open the possibility to study the interplay of magnetic and ferroelectric-like responses in this fascinating class of materials.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures
Hyperon polarization and its relation with directed flow in high-energy nuclear collisions
Creators: name: Jiang, Ze-Fang
name: Wu, Xiang-Yu
name: Cao, Shanshan
name: Zhang, Ben-Wei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the hyperon polarization and its relation with the directed flow of the quark-gluon plasma (QGP) in non-central Au+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\textrm{NN}}} = 27$ GeV. A modified 3-dimensional (3D) Glauber model is developed and coupled to a (3+1)-D viscous hydrodynamic evolution of the QGP. Within this framework, we obtain a satisfactory simultaneous description of the directed flow of identified particles and $Λ$ polarization, and show sensitivity of polarization to both the tilted geometry and the longitudinal flow profile of the QGP. A non-monotonic transverse momentum dependence of the $Λ$ polarization is found in our calculation, which is absent from hydrodynamic simulation using other initialization methods and can be tested by future experimental data with higher precision. The relation between the global polarization and directed flow of $Λ$ is explored as the longitudinal flow field or the medium deformation varies. Due to the common origin of these two observables, their combination may provide a more stringent constraint on the initial condition of the QGP.
description: 15 pages, 12 figures, published in Phy. Rev. C
Model of a relativistic oscillator in a generalized Schrödinger picture
Creators: name: Frick, Rudolf A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In a generalized Schrödinger picture, we consider the motion of a relativistic particle in an external field (like in the case of a harmonic oscillator). In this picture the analogs of the Schrödinger operators of the particle are independent of both the time and the space coordinates. These operators induce operators which are related to Killing vectors of the Anti de Sitter (AdS) space. We also consider the nonrelativistic limit.
description: 16 pages, physical discussion extended to three dimensional problem (spin=0)
title: The ultimate safety net? Informal financial support among low-income households
Creators: name: Alexander, Eileen
Publisher: name: London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE)
Year: 2024

description: Informal financial support is a vital yet under-examined source of welfare for people on low incomes. This thesis explores why and how people draw on networks of family, friends and neighbours for financial support to cover their basic living costs and considers the significant practical and emotional implications the practice has for individuals, their relationships and wider support networks. It takes as its starting point Robert Pinker’s (1971, 1979) view of social policy as a discipline that should take into account how ordinary people go about enhancing their own welfare and the welfare of their family members and friends in their everyday lives. The findings are based on unstructured interviews with fifty working-age social housing tenants living in the South West of England centred around a support network mapping exercise. The research identifies informal financial support as a distinctive form of support among the broad range of informal help and care people engage in on a daily basis. It highlights the significant work involved in providing and navigating informal financial support within a context of poverty, as well as the often challenging clash participants experienced between societal norms of independence and support, and the reality of their interdependent lives. For many participants, informal financial support was “the ultimate safety net”, but the research finds that the practice exposed people and their networks to multiple negative impacts and associated risks, including relationship breakdown, isolation and financial insecurity. The study concludes by arguing for a social policy based on an ethic of care that recognises and supports people's interdependence across households, while also working to prevent and mitigate the negative effects of informal financial support.
Weights for relative motives; relation with mixed complexes of sheaves
Creators: name: Bondarko, Mikhail V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: K-Theory and Homology (math.KT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14C15, 19E15, 14C25, 14F20, 14E18, 18E30, 13D15, 18G40

description: The main goal of this paper is to define the so-called Chow weight structure for the category of Beilinson motives over any 'reasonable' base scheme $S$ (this is the version of Voevodsky's motives over $S$ defined by Cisinski and Deglise). We also study the functoriality properties of the Chow weight structure (they are very similar to the well-known functoriality of weights for mixed complexes of sheaves). As shown in a preceding paper, the Chow weight structure automatically yields an exact conservative weight complex functor (with values in $K^b(Chow(S))$). Here $Chow(S)$ is the heart of the Chow weight structure; it is 'generated' by motives of regular schemes that are projective over $S$. Besides, Grothendiek's group of $S$-motives is isomorphic to $K_0(Chow(S))$; we also define a certain 'motivic Euler characteristic' for $S$-schemes. We obtain (Chow)-weight spectral sequences and filtrations for any cohomology of motives; we discuss their relation to Beilinson's 'integral part' of motivic cohomology and to weights of mixed complexes of sheaves. For the study of the latter we introduce a new formalism of relative weight structures.
description: a few minor corrections made
Comprehensive exploration of t-channel simplified models of dark matter
Creators: name: Arina, Chiara
name: Fuks, Benjamin
name: Heisig, Jan
name: Krämer, Michael
name: Mantani, Luca
name: Panizzi, Luca
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyse six classes of t-channel dark matter simplified models in which the Standard Model field content is extended by a coloured mediator and a dark matter state. The two new states are enforced to be odd under a new parity, while all Standard Model fields are taken even so that dark matter stability is guaranteed. We study several possibilities for the spin of the new particles and the self-conjugate property of the dark matter, and we focus on model configurations in which the dark matter couples to the right-handed up quark for simplicity. We investigate how the parameter spaces of the six models can be constrained by current and future cosmological, astrophysical and collider searches, and we highlight the strong complementary between those probes. Our results demonstrate that scenarios featuring a complex (non self-conjugate) dark matter field are excluded by cosmology and astrophysics alone, the only possibility to avoid these bounds being to invoke very weak couplings and mechanisms such as conversion-driven freeze-out. For models with self-conjugate dark matter, mediator and dark matter masses are pushed deep into the TeV regime, with the lower limits on the mediator mass reaching 3 to 4 TeV and those on the dark matter mass 1 to 2 TeV. In large parts of the parameter space these strong bounds are driven by same-sign mediator pair production, a channel so far not considered in the experimental analyses embedding t-channel dark matter model interpretations.
description: 20 pages, 6 figures; version accepted by PRD
Additional file 16: of Comparative transcriptome analysis of the invasive weed Mikania micrantha with its native congeners provides insights into genetic basis underlying successful invasion
Creators: name: Guo, Wuxia
name: Liu, Ying
name: Ng, Wei
name: Liao, Pei-Chun
name: Huang, Bing-Hong
name: Li, Weixi
name: Li, Chunmei
name: Shi, Xianggang
name: Huang, Yelin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Plant Biology

description: Distribution of branch-specific Ka/Ks for M. micrantha, M. cordata, and M. cordifolia. (PDF 41Â kb)
From 4d superconformal indices to 3d partition functions
Creators: name: Dolan, F. A. H.
name: Spiridonov, V. P.
name: Vartanov, G. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An exact formula for partition functions in 3d field theories was recently suggested by Jafferis, and Hama, Hosomichi, and Lee. These functions are expressed in terms of specific $q$-hypergeometric integrals whose key building block is the double sine function (or the hyperbolic gamma function). Elliptic hypergeometric integrals, discovered by the second author, define 4d superconformal indices. Using their reduction to the hyperbolic level, we describe a general scheme of reducing 4d superconformal indices to 3d partition functions which imply an efficient way of getting 3d $\mathcal{N}=2$ supersymmetric dualities for both SYM and CS theories from the "parent" 4d $\mathcal{N}=1$ dualities for SYM theories. As an example, we consider explicitly the duality pattern for 3d $\mathcal{N}=2$ SYM and CS theories with SP(2N) gauge group with the antisymmetric tensor matter.
description: Latex 14 pages; v. 2 explanations added, version to appear in Phys. Lett. B
Finite Size Spectrum of SU(N) Principal Chiral Field from Discrete Hirota Dynamics
Creators: name: Kazakov, Vladimir
name: Leurent, Sebastien
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using recently proposed method of discrete Hirota dynamics for integrable (1+1)D quantum field theories on a finite space circle of length L, we derive and test numerically a finite system of nonlinear integral equations for the exact spectrum of energies of SU(N)xSU(N) principal chiral field model as functions of m L, where m is the mass scale. We propose a determinant solution of the underlying Y-system, or Hirota equation, in terms of determinants (Wronskians) of NxN matrices parameterized by N-1 functions of the spectral parameter, with the known analytical properties at finite L. Although the method works in principle for any state, the explicit equations are written for states in the U(1) sector only. For N>2, we encounter and clarify a few subtleties in these equations related to the presence of bound states, absent in the previously considered N=2 case. In particular, we solve these equations numerically for a few low-lying states for N=3 in a wide range of m L.
description: 32 pages, 6 figures; version 2 fixes typos, improves the numeric results, and adds a discussion of mode numbers and twisted case
Double exchange, itinerant ferromagnetism and topological Hall effect in moiré heterobilayer
Creators: name: Jia, Haichen
name: Ma, Bowen
name: Luo, Rui Leonard
name: Chen, Gang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Motivated by the recent experiments and the wide tunability on the MoTe$_2$/WSe$_2$ moiré heterobilayer, we consider a physical model to explore the underlying physics for the interplay between the itinerant carriers and the local magnetic moments. In the regime where the MoTe$_2$ is tuned to a triangular lattice Mott insulator and the WSe$_2$ layer is doped with the itinerant holes, we invoke the itinerant ferromagnetism from the double exchange mechanism for the itinerant holes on the WSe$_2$ layer and the local moments on the MoTe$_2$ layer. Together with the antiferromagnetic exchange on the MoTe$_2$ layer, the itinerant ferromagnetism generates the scalar spin chirality distribution in the system. We further point out the presence of spin-assisted hopping in addition to the Kondo coupling between the local spin and the itinerant holes, and demonstrate the topological Hall effect for the itinerant electrons in the presence of the non-collinear spin configurations. This work may improve our understanding of the correlated moiré systems and inspire further experimental efforts.
The Quality of Intercity Passenger Transportation Service in the Northeast Corridor: 1940 Through 1965
Creators: name: Morlok, Edward K.
name: Olsen, William T.
name: Morlok, Edward K.
name: Olsen, William T.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1971
Subjects: Public Economics

description: Presented at the 12th Transportation Research Forum meeting, Oct. 18-20, 1971, Philadelphia, PA
Coherence and avoidance of sure loss for standardized functions and semicopulas
Creators: name: Klement, Erich Peter
name: Bukovšek, Damjana Kokol
name: Mojškerc, Blaž
name: Omladič, Matjaž
name: Saminger-Platz, Susanne
name: Stopar, Nik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60E05, 62H05

description: We discuss avoidance of sure loss and coherence results for semicopulas and standardized functions, i.e., for grounded, 1-increasing functions with value $1$ at $(1,1,\ldots, 1)$. We characterize the existence of a $k$-increasing $n$-variate function $C$ fulfilling $A\leq C\leq B$ for standardized $n$-variate functions $A,B$ and discuss the method for constructing this function. Our proofs also include procedures for extending functions on some countably infinite mesh to functions on the unit box. We provide a characterization when $A$ respectively $B$ coincides with the pointwise infimum respectively supremum of the set of all $k$-increasing $n$-variate functions $C$ fulfilling $A\leq C\leq B$.
description: 32 pages, 2 figures, Paper was revised, some additional explanations were provided, some additiaonal references were added
Evaluation of the recombinant proteins RlpB and VacJ as a vaccine for protection against Glaesserella parasuis in pigs
Creators: name: Hau, Samantha J.
name: Luan, Shi-Lu
name: Loving, Crystal L.
name: Nicholson, Tracy L.
name: Wang, Jinhong
name: Peters, Sarah E.
name: Seilly, David
name: Weinert, Lucy A.
name: Langford, Paul R.
name: Rycroft, Andrew N.
name: Wren, Brendan W.
name: Maskell, Duncan J.
name: Tucker, Alexander W.
name: Brockmeier, Susan L.
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: Research Article
Bacteriology
Subunit vaccine
Glässer’s disease
Glaesserella parasuis

description: Funder: U.S. Department of Agriculture; doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100000199
description: Funder: Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education; doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100006229
description: Funder: Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs; doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100000277
description: Abstract: Background: Glaesserella parasuis, the causative agent of Glӓsser’s disease, is widespread in swine globally resulting in significant economic losses to the swine industry. Prevention of Glӓsser’s disease in pigs has been plagued with an inability to design broadly protective vaccines, as many bacterin based platforms generate serovar or strain specific immunity. Subunit vaccines are of interest to provide protective immunity to multiple strains of G. parasuis. Selected proteins for subunit vaccination should be widespread, highly conserved, and surface exposed. Results: Two candidate proteins for subunit vaccination (RlpB and VacJ) against G. parasuis were identified using random mutagenesis and an in vitro organ culture system. Pigs were vaccinated with recombinant RlpB and VacJ, outer membrane proteins with important contributions to cellular function and viability. Though high antibody titers to the recombinant proteins and increased interferon-γ producing cells were found in subunit vaccinated animals, the pigs were not protected from developing systemic disease. Conclusions: It appears there may be insufficient RlpB and VacJ exposed on the bacterial surface for antibody to bind, preventing high RlpB and VacJ specific antibody titers from protecting animals from G. parasuis. Additionally, this work confirms the importance of utilizing the natural host species when assessing the efficacy of vaccine candidates.
Ultrahigh Energy Nuclei in the Turbulent Galactic Magnetic Field
Creators: name: Giacinti, G.
name: Kachelriess, M.
name: Semikoz, D. V.
name: Sigl, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work we study how the turbulent component of the Galactic magnetic field (GMF) affects the propagation of ultrahigh energy heavy nuclei. We investigate first how the images of individual sources and of the supergalactic plane depend on the properties of the turbulent GMF. Then we present a quantitative study of the impact of the turbulent field on (de-) magnification of source fluxes, due to magnetic lensing effects. We also show that it is impossible to explain the Pierre Auger data assuming that all ultrahigh energy nuclei are coming from Cen A, even in the most favorable case of a strong, extended turbulent field in the Galactic halo.
description: 10 pages (2 columns), 8 figures. Published in Astroparticle Physics
Evaluating neuroimaging sensitivities to alterations in structural connectivity following mild traumatic brain injury
Creators: name: Sevick, Jessica
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2022

description: Background: Advanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) techniques, including diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and myelin water imaging (MWI), are commonly used to assess the white matter (WM) architecture in the brain. These techniques have been used to evaluate the WM alterations incurred following mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI), however they are currently not sensitive or specific enough for routine clinical use. The corpus callosum (CC) is the WM pathway most susceptible to damage from mTBI. Objectives: The primary objective of this thesis was to investigate the sensitivity of DTI and MWI to the microstructural changes incurred after mTBI in the CC, at 2 weeks (2W) and 6 months (6M) post-injury, and to assess how imaging metrics changed over the time period from 2W to 6M. Secondary exploratory analyses were completed to investigate (i) the associations of MWI and DTI imaging metrics with day of injury (DOI) characteristics of injury severity, such as presence of loss of consciousness (LOC+) and trauma-related findings on DOI computed tomography scans (CT+) (ii) group differences in these imaging metrics in other regions commonly injured after mTBI, and (iii) group differences in neuropsychological (NP) scores and their potential correlation to imaging metrics. Participants and Methods: The data was collected as part of an imaging sub-study to the Canadian Traumatic Brain Injury Project (CanTBI). Tract based spatial statistics (TBSS) was used to analyze the DTI and MWI metrics, while generalized linear modelling was used to compare group differences in the metrics. Results: There were no significant cross sectional group MWI differences between the mTBI subjects and TC controls at either time point. DTI analyses, however, revealed significantly lower fractional anisotropy and higher radial diffusivity in the mTBI subjects, in the splenium and whole CC, at both 2W and 6M. The secondary analyses revealed some interesting findings regarding the effects of DOI characteristics on imaging metrics, and the group differences in neuropsychological metrics. Conclusion: Overall, this thesis demonstrated the sensitivity of DTI to mTBI, while emphasizing the need for further validation of MWI in its diagnostic application to mTBI.
Observation of zero resistance above 100$^\circ$ K in Pb$_{10-x}$Cu$_x$(PO$_4$)$_6$O
Creators: name: Hou, Qiang
name: Wei, Wei
name: Zhou, Xin
name: Sun, Yue
name: Shi, Zhixiang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Room-temperature superconductivity has always been regarded as the ultimate goal in the fields of solid-state physics and materials science, with its realization holding revolutionary significance, capable of triggering significant changes in energy transmission and storage. However, achieving it poses various challenges. Recent research revealed that material Pb$_{10-x}$Cu$_x$(PO$_4$)$_6$O displays room-temperature superconductivity under atmospheric pressure, sparking global interest in further exploration. Here, we utilized solid-phase synthesis to obtain a polycrystalline sample of Pb$_{10-x}$Cu$_x$(PO$_4$)$_6$O. X-ray diffraction confirmed its structural consistency with referenced literature. Zero resistance, which is important evidence for superconductivity, was observed above 100$^\circ$ K under ambient pressure in our experiment. Our finding indicates that Pb$_{10-x}$Cu$_x$(PO$_4$)$_6$O is a possible candidate for searching high-temperature superconductors.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures
Cosmology from weak lensing, galaxy clustering, CMB lensing and tSZ: I. 10x2pt Modelling Methodology
Creators: name: Fang, Xiao
name: Krause, Elisabeth
name: Eifler, Tim
name: Ferraro, Simone
name: Benabed, Karim
name: S., Pranjal R.
name: Ayçoberry, Emma
name: Dubois, Yohan
name: Miranda, Vivian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The overlap of galaxy surveys and CMB experiments presents an ideal opportunity for joint cosmological dataset analyses. In this paper we develop a halo-model-based method for the first joint analysis combining these two experiments using 10 correlated two-point functions (10x2pt) derived from galaxy position, galaxy shear, CMB lensing convergence, and Compton-y fields. We explore this method using the Vera Rubin Observatory Legacy Survey of Space and Time (LSST) and the Simons Observatory (SO) as examples. We find such LSSxCMB joint analyses lead to significant improvement in Figure-of-Merit of $Ω_m$ and $S_8$ over the constraints from using LSS-only probes within $Λ$CDM. We identify that the shear-$y$ and $y$-$y$ correlations are the most valuable additions when tSZ is included. We further identify the dominant sources of halo model uncertainties in the small-scale modelling, and investigate the impact of halo self-calibration due to the inclusion of small-scale tSZ information.
description: 14 pages, 9 figures, typos corrected. Accepted in MNRAS
Orthogonality catastrophe as a consequence of qubit embedding in an ultra-cold Fermi gas
Creators: name: Goold, J.
name: Fogarty, T.
name: Gullo, N. Lo
name: Paternostro, M.
name: Busch, Th.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the behaviour of a single qubit coupled to a low-dimensional, ultra-cold Fermi gas. The scattering between the system and the fermions leads to the loss of any coherence in the initial state of the qubit and we show that the exact dynamics of this process is strongly influenced by the effect of the orthogonality catastrophe within the gas. We highlight the relationship between the Loschmidt echo and the retarded Green's function - typically used to formulate the dynamical theory of the catastrophe - and demonstrate that the effect can be triggered and characterized via local operations on the qubit. We demonstrate how the expected broadening of the spectral function can be observed using Ramsey interferometry on the qubit.
description: 4 and a bit pages, 3 figures. Updated version
Electrostatic interactions between charge regulated spherical macroions
Creators: name: Ruixuan, Hu
name: Majee, Arghya
name: Dobnikar, Jure
name: Podgornik, Rudolf
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the interaction between two charge regulating spherical macroions with dielectric interior and dissociable surface groups immersed in a monovalent electrolyte solution. The charge dissociation is modelled via the Frumkin-Fowler-Guggenheim isotherm, which allows for multiple adsorption equilibrium states. The interactions are derived from the solutions of the mean-field Poisson-Boltzmann type theory with charge regulation boundary conditions. For a range of conditions we find symmetry breaking transitions from symmetric to asymmetric charge distribution exhibiting annealed charge patchiness, which results in like-charge attraction even in a univalent electrolyte -- thus fundamentally modifying the nature of electrostatic interactions in charge-stabilized colloidal suspensions.
description: 18 pages, 8 figures
Lac la Biche: Une communauté métisse au XIXème siècle
Creators:  Champagne, Juliette Marthe
Publisher: name: University of Alberta Library
Year: 1990

Les compagnies de fourrures établirent des postes de traite près du lac la Biche dans le nord-est de l'Alberta au début du 19e siècle. Après l'abandon des postes, plusieurs employés de ces compagnies sont demeurés sur place, se sont mariés à des Amérindiennes et ont fondé des familles. Ces Métis ont formé une communauté vivante, basée sur une économie de colportage et de commerce libre, sans influence d'institutions de l'extérieur. Pour contrôler ce commerce illégal, la Compagnie de la baie d'Hudson rétablit son poste en 1853. Au même moment, la communauté missionnaire des oblats de Marie Immaculée décida d'y établir une mission qui lui servit d'entrepôt pour l'expédition des approvisionnements destinés à ses missions du Nord. La pression subséquente exercée sur les ressources de la région, particulièrement sur celles en foin requis par les bêtes à corne et les chevaux utilisés pour le transport, a rendu la vie difficile à tous les entrepreneurs qui étaient actifs dans la région. A la fin du siècle, les changements dans cette communauté métisse ont été le résultat de la disparition du bison, du déclin du commerce  des fourrures et de nouvelles chances d'emploi dans le nord en développement.
The cycling mechanism of manganese-oxide cathodes in zinc batteries: A theory-based approach
Creators: name: Herrmann, Niklas J.
name: Euchner, Holger
name: Groß, Axel
name: Horstmann, Birger
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Zinc-based batteries offer good volumetric energy densities and are compatible with environmentally friendly aqueous electrolytes. Zinc-ion batteries (ZIBs) rely on a lithium-ion-like Zn$^{2+}$-shuttle, which enables higher roundtrip efficiencies and better cycle life than zinc-air batteries. Manganese-oxide cathodes in near-neutral zinc sulfate electrolytes are the most prominent candidates for ZIBs. Zn$^{2+}$-insertion, H$^+$-insertion, and Mn$^{2+}$-dissolution are proposed to contribute to the charge-storage mechanism. During discharge and charge, two distinct phases are observed. Notably, the pH-driven precipitation of zinc-sulfate-hydroxide is detected during the second discharge phase. However, a complete and consistent understanding of the two-phase mechanism of these ZIBs is still missing. This paper presents a continuum full cell model supported by DFT calculations to investigate the implications of these observations. We integrate the complex-formation reactions of near-neutral aqueous electrolytes into the battery model and, in combination with the DFT calculations, draw a consistent picture of the cycling mechanism. We investigate the interplay between electrolyte pH and reaction mechanisms at the manganese-oxide cathodes and identify the dominant charge-storage mechanism. Our model is validated with electrochemical cycling data, cyclic voltammograms, and in-situ pH measurments. This allows us to analyse the influence of cell design and electrolyte composition on cycling and optimize the battery performance.
DIET-SPECIFIC EPIGENETIC SIGNATURE REVEALED BY H3K4ME3 AND H3K27ME3 DATA ANALYSIS IN C57BL6 MICE
Creators: name: RUSSO, ANNA
Publisher: name: Universit� degli Studi di Milano
Year: 2016

description: Increasing evidences demonstrate that adapting to different environmental conditions is mediated by epigenetic changes, which can participate in cellular processes. In particular, the adaptation to the different caloric intakes is of great relevance as it is crucial for the organism?s fitness. Moreover, the phenotypic remodeling induced by different diets determine the susceptibility to life-threatening diseases. For example, refined sugar, fat and meat enriched diet, typical of Western countries, is thought to be responsible for about 30-35% of cancer cases, in addition to increased incidence of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. On the other hand, caloric restriction has been shown to be the most powerful way to prolong lifespan and reduce cancer incidence in different experimental models. Based on the hypothesis that epigenetic changes represents the mechanistic link between diet and disease risk, the aim of this work is to investigate chromatin modifications induced by different diets in murine models to identify specific epigenetic profiles associated with fat enriched diets and caloric restriction. For this purpose, 8 weeks old C57Bl/6 female mice were divided in three groups and fed for 10 months with 3 different diets: Standard laboratory mouse Diet, Calorie Restriction without malnutrition, High Fat Diet. Then, livers were extracted and investigated by chromatin immunoprecipitation (anti-H3K4me3, anti-H3K27me3) and transcriptomic approach for gene expression analysis. Despite the presence of moderate technical and biological variability, data analysis demonstrated that specific epigenetic profiles were associated to different diets. In particular, the distribution and frequency of H3K4me3 enabled the clustering of samples by diet-group. Moreover, functional annotation of genes showing an increased signal of H3K4me3 for HF or CR respect to SD on their promoter regions, resulted in significantly enriched ?Type II diabetes mellitus?, for which obesity represents a critical risk factor, and ?Circadian Rhythm? pathways, whose known to affect longevity. At mechanistic level, two DNA motifs related to the transcription and chromatin regulators ZSCAN4 and REST/NRSF were found enriched in correspondence of the regulative regions of the genes of the aforementioned pathways, suggesting these factors mediate the effects of diet on chromatin and gene expression.