cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
A Comparative Study of Reference Reliability in Multiple Language Editions of Wikipedia
Creators: name: Baigutanova, Aitolkyn
name: Saez-Trumper, Diego
name: Redi, Miriam
name: Cha, Meeyoung
name: Aragón, Pablo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Information presented in Wikipedia articles must be attributable to reliable published sources in the form of references. This study examines over 5 million Wikipedia articles to assess the reliability of references in multiple language editions. We quantify the cross-lingual patterns of the perennial sources list, a collection of reliability labels for web domains identified and collaboratively agreed upon by Wikipedia editors. We discover that some sources (or web domains) deemed untrustworthy in one language (i.e., English) continue to appear in articles in other languages. This trend is especially evident with sources tailored for smaller communities. Furthermore, non-authoritative sources found in the English version of a page tend to persist in other language versions of that page. We finally present a case study on the Chinese, Russian, and Swedish Wikipedias to demonstrate a discrepancy in reference reliability across cultures. Our finding highlights future challenges in coordinating global knowledge on source reliability.
description: Conference on Information & Knowledge Management (CIKM '23)
Zero degree measurements of 12C fragmentation at 95 MeV/nucleon on thin targets
Creators: name: Dudouet, J.
name: Labalme, M.
name: Cussol, D.
name: Finck, C.
name: Rescigno, R.
name: Rousseau, M.
name: Salvador, S.
name: Vanstalle, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: During therapeutic treatments using ions such as carbon, nuclear interactions between the incident ions and nuclei present in organic tissues may occur, leading to the attenuation of the incident beam intensity and to the production of secondary light charged particles. As the biological dose deposited in the tumor and the surrounding healthy tissues depends on the beam composition, an accurate knowledge of the fragmentation processes is thus essential. In particular, the nuclear interaction models have to be validated using experimental double differential cross sections which are still very scarce. An experiment was realized in 2011 at GANIL to obtain these cross sections for a 95 MeV/nucleon carbon beam on different thin targets for angles raging from 4 to 43° . In order to complete these data, a new experiment was performed on September 2013 at GANIL to measure the fragmentation cross section at zero degree for a 95 MeV/nucleon carbon beam on thin targets. In this work, the experimental setup will be described, the analysis method detailed and the results presented.
Dataset search: a survey
Creators: name: Chapman, Adriane
name: Simperl, Elena
name: Koesten, Laura
name: Konstantinidis, George
name: Ibáñez-Gonzalez, Luis-Daniel
name: Kacprzak, Emilia
name: Groth, Paul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Databases (cs.DB)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Generating value from data requires the ability to find, access and make sense of datasets. There are many efforts underway to encourage data sharing and reuse, from scientific publishers asking authors to submit data alongside manuscripts to data marketplaces, open data portals and data communities. Google recently beta released a search service for datasets, which allows users to discover data stored in various online repositories via keyword queries. These developments foreshadow an emerging research field around dataset search or retrieval that broadly encompasses frameworks, methods and tools that help match a user data need against a collection of datasets. Here, we survey the state of the art of research and commercial systems in dataset retrieval. We identify what makes dataset search a research field in its own right, with unique challenges and methods and highlight open problems. We look at approaches and implementations from related areas dataset search is drawing upon, including information retrieval, databases, entity-centric and tabular search in order to identify possible paths to resolve these open problems as well as immediate next steps that will take the field forward.
description: 20 pages, 153 references
Positive scalar curvature on foliations: the noncompact case
Creators: name: Su, Guangxiang
name: Zhang, Weiping
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53C12, 19K56

description: Let $(M,g^{TM})$ be a noncompact (not necessarily complete) enlargeable Riemannian manifold in the sense of Gromov-Lawson and $F$ an integrable subbundle of $T M$ . Let $k^F$ be the leafwise scalar curvature associated to $g^F=g^{TM}|_F$. We show that if either $TM$ or $F$ is spin, then ${\rm inf}(k^F)\leq 0$. This generalizes the famous result of Gromov-Lawson on enlargeable manifolds to the case of foliations. It also extends an ansatz of Gromov on hyper-Euclidean spaces to general enlargeable Riemannian manifolds, as well as recent results on compact enlargeable foliated manifolds due to Benameur-Heitsch et al to the noncompact situation.
description: 14 pages, revised version to appear in Advances in Mathematics
Coarse-Grained Molecular Dynamics Simulations of Depletion-Induced Interactions for Soft Matter Systems
Creators: name: Shendruk, Tyler N.
name: Bertrand, Martin
name: Harden, James L.
name: Slater, Gary W.
name: de Haan, Hendrick W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Given the ubiquity of depletion effects in biological and other soft matter systems, it is desirable to have coarse-grained Molecular Dynamics simulation approaches appropriate for the study of complex systems. This paper examines the use of two common truncated Lennard-Jones (WCA) potentials to describe a pair of colloidal particles in a thermal bath of depletants. The shifted-WCA model is the steeper of the two repulsive potentials considered, while the combinatorial-WCA model is the softer. It is found that the depletion-induced well depth for the combinatorial-WCA model is significantly deeper than the shifted-WCA model because the resulting overlap of the colloids yields extra accessible volume for depletants. For both shifted- and combinatorial-WCA simulations, the second virial coefficients and pair potentials between colloids are demonstrated to be well approximated by the Morphometric Thermodynamics (MT) model. This agreement suggests that the presence of depletants can be accurately modelled in MD simulations by implicitly including them through simple, analytical MT forms for depletion-induced interactions. Although both WCA potentials are found to be effective generic coarse-grained simulation approaches for studying depletion effects in complicated soft matter systems, combinatorial-WCA is the more efficient approach as depletion effects are enhanced at lower depletant densities. The findings indicate that for soft matter systems that are better modelled by potentials with some compressibility, predictions from hard-sphere systems could greatly underestimate the magnitude of depletion effects at a given depletant density.
description: 14 pages, 12 figures, 2 appendices
Serodiagnosis and therapeutic monitoring of New-World tegumentary leishmaniasis using synthetic type-2 glycoinositolphospholipid-based neoglycoproteins
Creators: name: Viana, Sayonara M.
name: Montoya, Alba L.
name: Carvalho, Augusto M.
name: de Mendonça, Brunele S.
name: Portillo, Susana
name: Olivas, Janet J.
name: Karimi, Nasim H.
name: Estevao, Igor L.
name: Ortega-Rodriguez, Uriel
name: Carvalho, Edgar M.
name: Dutra, Walderez O.
name: Maldonaldo, Rosa A.
name: Michael, Katja
name: de Oliveira, Camila I.
name: Almeida, Igor C.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology

description: American tegumentary leishmaniasis (TL) caused by Leishmania braziliensis is characterized by a spectrum of clinical presentations, ranging from localized cutaneous ulcers (CL), mucosal (ML), or disseminated (DL) disease, to a subclinical (SC) asymptomatic form. Current diagnosis based on parasite culture and/or microscopy lacks sensitivity and specificity. Previous studies showed that patients with CL and ML have very high levels of Leishmania-specific anti-α-Gal antibodies. However, the native parasite α-Gal glycotope(s) is(are) still elusive, thus they have not yet been explored for a more accurate TL diagnosis. Using a chemiluminescent immunoassay, we evaluated the seroreactivity of TL patients across its clinical spectrum, and of endemic (EC) and nonendemic healthy controls (NEC) against three synthetic neoglycoproteins (NGP29b, NGP30b, and NGP28b), respectively comprising the L. major-derived type-2 glycoinositolphospholipid (GIPL)-1 (Galfβ1,3Manα), GIPL-2 (Galα1,3Galfβ1,3Manα), and GIPL-3 (Galα1,6Galα1,3Galfβ) glycotopes. Contrary to NGP29b and NGP30b, NGP28b exhibited high sensitivity and specificity to a CL serum pool. More importantly, NGP28b reacted strongly and specifically with individual sera from distinct clinical forms of TL, especially with SC sera, with 94% sensitivity and 97% specificity, by post-two-graph receiver-operating characteristic curve analysis. Contrary to NGP29b, NGP28b showed low cross-reactivity with Chagas disease and control (NEC/EC) sera. Additionally, seroreactivity of CL patients against NGP28b was significantly decreased after successful chemotherapy, indicating that L. braziliensis-specific anti-α-Gal antibodies may serve as an early biomarker of cure in CL. Our data also points towards the applicability of L. major type-2 GIPL-3-derived Galα1,6Galα1,3Galfβ glycotope for the serological diagnosis of American TL, particularly of the subclinical form.
A multi-species exchange model for fully fluctuating polymer field theory simulations
Creators: name: Düchs, Dominik
name: Delaney, Kris T
name: Fredrickson, Glenn H
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Field-theoretic models have been used extensively to study the phase behavior of inhomogeneous polymer melts and solutions, both in self-consistent mean-field calculations and in numerical simulations of the full theory capturing composition fluctuations. The models commonly used can be grouped into two categories, namely {\it species} models and {\it exchange} models. Species models involve integrations of functionals that explicitly depend on fields originating both from species density operators and their conjugate chemical potential fields. In contrast, exchange models retain only linear combinations of the chemical potential fields. In the two-component case, development of exchange models has been instrumental in enabling stable complex Langevin (CL) simulations of the full complex-valued theory. No comparable stable CL approach has yet been established for field theories of the species type. Here we introduce an extension of the exchange model to an arbitrary number of components, namely the multi-species exchange (MSE) model, which greatly expands the classes of soft material systems that can accessed by the complex Langevin simulation technique. We demonstrate the stability and accuracy of the MSE-CL sampling approach using numerical simulations of triblock and tetrablock terpolymer melts, and tetrablock quaterpolymer melts. This method should enable studies of a wide range of fluctuation phenomena in multiblock/multi-species polymer blends and composites.
description: 22 pages, 9 figures
EXPLORING THE UNDERSTANDING OF SEXUAL EDUCATION IN ADOLESCENTS WITH INTELLECTUAL DISABILITIES
Creators: name: Nurhidayati
name: Elvina Sari
name: Afnina
name: Syatria Adymas Pranajaya
name: Indro Nugroho
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Sex Education, Adolescents, Intellectual Disabilities.

description: Abstract

The importance of understanding sexual education among teenagers cannot be denied, but how teenagers with intellectual disabilities process this information is an aspect that is often overlooked. This research aims to deepen the understanding of sexual education for adolescents with intellectual disabilities, explore the challenges they may face, and offer insights that can enrich the practice of inclusive sexual education. The results of the study concluded that (1) Knowledge of sex education for each teenager with intellectual disabilities in this study was included in the good category. This is seen based on awareness of physical or biological changes in oneself in the form of menstrual/menstrual experiences, changes in body posture, growth of fur (hair), and emotions or psychology. They also know about norms in interacting with the opposite sex, knowledge about HIV/AIDS, and sexually transmitted diseases (STDs), (2) Teenagers with intellectual disabilities receive knowledge about sex education from various media, namely from parents, social media such as Instagram, Google, teachers in learning activities in class, and counseling from the nearest Community Health Center, (3) The sexual knowledge needs expected by teenagers with intellectual disabilities are also not much different from normal teenagers, namely the need for information on healthy relationships, approaches before marriage, and child care (parenting).
World Input-Output Network
Creators: name: Cerina, Federica
name: Zhu, Zhen
name: Chessa, Alessandro
name: Riccaboni, Massimo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: General Finance (q-fin.GN)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: Economic systems, traditionally analyzed as almost independent national systems, are increasingly connected on a global scale. Only recently becoming available, the World Input-Output Database (WIOD) is one of the first efforts to construct the multi-regional input-output (MRIO) tables at the global level. By viewing the world input-output system as an interdependent network where the nodes are the individual industries in different economies and the edges are the monetary goods flows between industries, we study the network properties of the so-called world input-output network (WION) and document its evolution over time. We are able to quantify not only some global network properties such as assortativity, clustering coefficient, and degree and strength distributions, but also its subgraph structure and dynamics by using community detection techniques. Over time, we detect a marked increase in cross-country connectivity of the production system, only temporarily interrupted by the 2008-2009 crisis. Moreover, we find a growing input-output regional community in Europe led by Germany and the rise of China in the global production system. Finally, we use the network-based PageRank centrality and community coreness measure to identify the key industries and economies in the WION and the results are different from the one obtained by the traditional final-demand-weighted backward linkage measure.
description: 24 pages, 16 figures
Suppression of both superconductivity and structural transition in hole-doped MoTe$_2$ induced by Ta substitution
Creators: name: Lam, Siu Tung
name: Yip, K. Y.
name: Goh, Swee K.
name: Lai, Kwing To
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Type-II Weyl semimetal MoTe$_2$ exhibits a first-order structural transition at $T_s$ $\sim$250~K and superconducts at $T_c$ $\sim$0.1~K at ambient pressure. Both $T_s$ and $T_c$ can be manipulated by several tuning parameters, such as hydrostatic pressure and chemical substitution. It is often reported that suppressing $T_s$ enhances $T_c$, but our study shows a different behaviour when MoTe$_2$ is hole-doped by Ta. When $T_s$ is suppressed by Ta doping, $T_c$ is also suppressed. Our findings suggest that the suppression of $T_s$ does not necessarily enhance superconductivity in MoTe$_2$. By connecting with the findings of electron-doped MoTe$_2$, we argue that varying electron carrier concentration can effectively tune $T_c$. In addition, the Hall coefficient is enhanced around the doping region, where $T_s$ is completely suppressed, suggesting that the critical scattering around the structural transition may also play a role in suppressing $T_c$.
Equivalence à la Mundici for commutative lattice-ordered monoids
Creators: name: Abbadini, Marco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Logic (math.LO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary: 06F05. Secondary: 54F05, 03C05

description: We provide a generalization of Mundici's equivalence between unital Abelian lattice-ordered groups and MV-algebras: the category of unital commutative lattice-ordered groups is equivalent to the category of MV-monoidal algebras. Roughly speaking, the structures we call unital commutative lattice-ordered groups are unital Abelian lattice-ordered groups without the unary operation $x \mapsto -x$. The primitive operations are $+$, $\lor$, $\land$, $0$, $1$, $-1$. A prime example of these structures is $\mathbb{R}$, with the obvious interpretation of the operations. Analogously, MV-monoidal algebras are MV-algebras without the negation $x \mapsto \lnot x$. The primitive operations are $\oplus$, $\odot$, $\lor$, $\land$, $0$, $1$. A motivating example of MV-monoidal algebra is the negation-free reduct of the standard MV-algebra $[0, 1] \subseteq \mathbb{R}$. We obtain the original Mundici's equivalence as a corollary of our main result.
Supporting acceptance testing in distributed software projects with integrated feedback systems: Experiences and requirements
Creators: name: Liskin, Olga
name: Herrmann, Christoph
name: Knauss, Eric
name: Kurpick, Thomas
name: Rumpe, Bernhard
name: Schneider, Kurt
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: During acceptance testing customers assess whether a system meets their expectations and often identify issues that should be improved. These findings have to be communicated to the developers a task we observed to be error prone, especially in distributed teams. Here, it is normally not possible to have developer representatives from every site attend the test. Developers who were not present might misunderstand insufficiently documented findings. This hinders fixing the issues and endangers customer satisfaction. Integrated feedback systems promise to mitigate this problem. They allow to easily capture findings and their context. Correctly applied, this technique could improve feedback, while reducing customer effort. This paper collects our experiences from comparing acceptance testing with and without feedback systems in a distributed project. Our results indicate that this technique can improve acceptance testing if certain requirements are met. We identify key requirements feedback systems should meet to support acceptance testing.
description: 10 pages, 6 figures
Elicitation and Speech Acts in the Maskwacîs Spoken Cree Dictionary Project
Creators: Reule, Tanzi
Publisher: name: University of Alberta Library
Year: 2018

The Maskwacîs Spoken Cree Dictionary Project is a collaboration between Miyo Wahkotowin Education and the University of Alberta's ALTLab. I describe how the project adapted the Rapid Word Collection Method to supplement the existing Maskwacîs Cree Dictionary and create recordings of lexical items and sentences. Treating the elicitation genre as its own genre of communication, I attempt to capture the elements of interaction and negotiation by creating an elicitation speech act taxonomy from a detailed annotation of a single elicitation session. I identify typical and non-typical task sequences and verify the sequences with samples from additional elicitation sessions. The report illustrates the regularity and uniqueness of the elicitation analysis from a discourse perspective and serves as a practical case study for researchers undertaking related projects.
The Scaling of Chaos vs Periodicity: How Certain is it that an Attractor is Chaotic?
Creators: name: Joglekar, Madhura
name: Ott, Edward
name: Yorke, James A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The character of the time-asymptotic evolution of physical systems can have complex, singular behavior with variation of a system parameter, particularly when chaos is involved. A perturbation of the parameter by a small amount $ε$ can convert an attractor from chaotic to non-chaotic or vice-versa. We call a parameter value where this can happen $ε$-uncertain. The probability that a random choice of the parameter is $ε$-uncertain commonly scales like a power law in $ε$. Surprisingly, two seemingly similar ways of defining this scaling, both of physical interest, yield different numerical values for the scaling exponent. We show why this happens and present a quantitative analysis of this phenomenon.
Российско-китайские торгово-экономические связи: современное состояние и перспективы
Creators: name: Портяков Владимир Яковлевич
Publisher: name: Китай в мировой и региональной политике. История и современность
Year: 2010
Subjects: российско-китайская торговля
динамика
структура
мировой экономический кризис
перспективы сотрудничества

description: Проанализированы особенности российско-китайской торговли в период 2008-2009 гг. в условиях мирового экономического кризиса. Детально показана структура двусторонней торговли. Дан прогноз, согласно которому потенциал достаточно динамичного развития российско-китайских торгово-экономических связей далеко не исчерпан. Рассмотрены перспективы взаимодействия двух стран в нефтегазовой сфере и возможности постепенного перехода к «инновационно-модернизационной модели» сотрудничества.
Efficient Fair Division with Minimal Sharing
Creators: name: Sandomirskiy, Fedor
name: Segal-Halevi, Erel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Computer Science and Game Theory (cs.GT)
subject: Theoretical Economics (econ.TH)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: A collection of objects, some of which are good and some are bad, is to be divided fairly among agents with different tastes, modeled by additive utility functions. If the objects cannot be shared, so that each of them must be entirely allocated to a single agent, then a fair division may not exist. What is the smallest number of objects that must be shared between two or more agents in order to attain a fair and efficient division? In this paper, fairness is understood as proportionality or envy-freeness, and efficiency, as fractional Pareto-optimality. We show that, for a generic instance of the problem (all instances except a zero-measure set of degenerate problems), a fair fractionally Pareto-optimal division with the smallest possible number of shared objects can be found in polynomial time, assuming that the number of agents is fixed. The problem becomes computationally hard for degenerate instances, where agents' valuations are aligned for many objects.
description: Accepted to Operations Research
A Locality-based Neural Solver for Optical Motion Capture
Creators: name: Pan, Xiaoyu
name: Zheng, Bowen
name: Jiang, Xinwei
name: Xu, Guanglong
name: Gu, Xianli
name: Li, Jingxiang
name: Kou, Qilong
name: Wang, He
name: Shao, Tianjia
name: Zhou, Kun
name: Jin, Xiaogang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Graphics (cs.GR)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We present a novel locality-based learning method for cleaning and solving optical motion capture data. Given noisy marker data, we propose a new heterogeneous graph neural network which treats markers and joints as different types of nodes, and uses graph convolution operations to extract the local features of markers and joints and transform them to clean motions. To deal with anomaly markers (e.g. occluded or with big tracking errors), the key insight is that a marker's motion shows strong correlations with the motions of its immediate neighboring markers but less so with other markers, a.k.a. locality, which enables us to efficiently fill missing markers (e.g. due to occlusion). Additionally, we also identify marker outliers due to tracking errors by investigating their acceleration profiles. Finally, we propose a training regime based on representation learning and data augmentation, by training the model on data with masking. The masking schemes aim to mimic the occluded and noisy markers often observed in the real data. Finally, we show that our method achieves high accuracy on multiple metrics across various datasets. Extensive comparison shows our method outperforms state-of-the-art methods in terms of prediction accuracy of occluded marker position error by approximately 20%, which leads to a further error reduction on the reconstructed joint rotations and positions by 30%. The code and data for this paper are available at https://github.com/non-void/LocalMoCap.
description: Siggraph Asia 2023 Conference Paper
Interpretation of the coherency matrix for three-dimensional polarization states
Creators: name: Gil, Jose J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: From an appropriate parameterization of the three-dimensional (3D) coherency matrix R, that characterizes the second-order, classical states of polarization, the coherency matrices are classified and interpreted in terms of incoherent decompositions. The relevant physical quantities derived from R, as the intensity, the degree of polarimetric purity, the indices of polarimetric purity, the angular momentum, the degree of directionality and the degree of linear polarization are identified and interpreted on the light of the case study performed. The information provided by R about the direction of propagation is clarified and it is found that coherency matrices with, does not always represent states with a well-defined direction of propagation. Moreover, it is demonstrated the existence of 3D mixed states that cannot be decomposed into a superposition of a pure state, a 2D unpolarized state, and a 3D unpolarized state. Appropriate representation and interpretation for all the different types of 3D coherency matrices is provided through physical consistent criteria. Under the approach proposed, the conventional two-dimensional model arises naturally.
description: 24 pages, 11 figures
On the flow of perfect energy tensors
Creators: name: Sáez, Juan Antonio
name: Mengual, Salvador
name: Ferrando, Joan Josep
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The necessary and sufficient conditions are obtained for a unit time-like vector field $u$ to be the unit velocity of a divergence-free perfect fluid energy tensor. This plainly kinematic description of a conservative perfect fluid requires considering eighteen classes defined by differential concomitants of $u$. For each of these classes, we get the additional constraints that label the flow of a conservative energy tensor, and we obtain the pairs of functions $\{ρ,p\}$, energy density and pressure, which complete a solution to the conservation equations.
description: 28 pages, 1 figure and 3 tables. Added references 31 and 32
A Longitudinal Analysis of University Rankings
Creators: name: Selten, Friso
name: Neylon, Cameron
name: Huang, Chun-Kai
name: Groth, Paul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: Digital Libraries (cs.DL)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Pressured by globalization and the increasing demand for public organisations to be accountable, efficient and transparent, university rankings have become an important tool for assessing the quality of higher education institutions. It is therefore important to carefully assess exactly what these rankings measure. In this paper, the three major global university rankings, The Academic Ranking of World Universities, The Times Higher Education and the Quacquarelli Symonds World University Rankings, are studied. After a description of the ranking methodologies, it is shown that university rankings are stable over time but that there is variation between the three rankings. Furthermore, using Principal Component Analysis and Exploratory Factor Analysis, we show that the variables used to construct the rankings primarily measure two underlying factors: a universities reputation and its research performance. By correlating these factors and plotting regional aggregates of universities on the two factors, differences between the rankings are made visible. Last, we elaborate how the results from these analysis can be viewed in light of often voiced critiques of the ranking process. This indicates that the variables used by the rankings might not capture the concepts they claim to measure. Doing so the study provides evidence of the ambiguous nature of university ranking's quantification of university performance.
description: 26 pages
Noncollapsed degeneration of Einstein 4-manifolds I
Creators: name: Ozuch, Tristan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: A theorem of Anderson and Bando-Kasue-Nakajima from 1989 states that to compactify the set of normalized Einstein metrics with a lower bound on the volume and an upper bound on the diameter in the Gromov-Hausdorff sense, one has to add singular spaces called Einstein orbifolds, and the singularities form as blow-downs of Ricci-flat ALE spaces. This raises some natural issues, in particular: can all Einstein orbifolds be Gromov-Hausdorff limits of smooth Einstein manifolds? Can we describe more precisely the smooth Einstein metrics close to a given singular one? In this first paper, we prove that Einstein manifolds sufficiently close, in the Gromov-Hausdorff sense, to an orbifold are actually close to a gluing of model spaces in suitable weighted Hölder spaces. The proof consists in controlling the metric in the neck regions thanks to the construction of optimal coordinates. This refined convergence is the cornerstone of our subsequent work on the degeneration of Einstein metrics or, equivalently, on the desingularization of Einstein orbifolds in which we show that all Einstein metrics Gromov-Hausdorff close to an Einstein orbifold are the result of a gluing-perturbation procedure. This procedure turns out to be generally obstructed, and this provides the first obstructions to a Gromov-Hausdorff desingularization of Einstein orbifolds.
description: 47 pages, V2: improved exposition
Vortex nucleation through fragmentation in a stirred resonant Bose-Einstein condensate
Creators: name: Tsatsos, Marios C.
name: Lode, Axel U. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Superfluids are distinguished from ordinary fluids by the quantized manner the rotation is manifested in them. Precisely, quantized vortices are known to appear in the bulk of a superfluid subject to external rotation. In this work we study a trapped ultracold Bose gas of $N=101$ atoms in two spatial dimensions that is stirred by a rotating beam. We use the multiconfigurational Hartree method for bosons, that extends the mainstream mean-field theory, to calculate the dynamics of the gas in real time. As the gas is rotated the wavefunction of the system changes symmetry and topology. We see a series of resonant rotations as the stirring frequency is increased. Fragmentation accompanies the resonances and change of symmetry of the wavefunction of the gas. We conclude that fragmentation of the gas appears hand-in-hand with resonant absorption of energy and angular momentum from the external agent of rotation.
description: 9 pages, 4 figures. Results presented in QFGS workshop, Sao Carlos, 2014
Noncollapsed degeneration of Einstein 4-manifolds II
Creators: name: Ozuch, Tristan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this second article, we prove that any desingularization in the Gromov-Hausdorff sense of an Einstein orbifold is the result of a gluing-perturbation procedure that we develop. This builds on our first paper where we proved that a Gromov-Hausdorff convergence implied a much stronger convergence in suitable weighted Hölder spaces, in which the analysis of the present paper takes place. The description of Einstein metrics as the result of a gluing-perturbation procedure also sheds light on the local structure of the moduli space of Einstein metrics near its boundary. More importantly here, we extend the obstruction to the desingularization of Einstein orbifolds found by Biquard, and prove that it holds for any desingularization by trees of quotients of gravitational instantons only assuming a mere Gromov-Hausdorff convergence instead of specific weighted Hölder spaces. This is conjecturally the general case, but it can at least be ensured by topological assumptions such as a spin structure on the degenerating manifolds. We also identify an obstruction to desingularizing spherical and hyperbolic orbifolds by general Ricci-flat ALE spaces.
description: 107 pages, 5 figures V2: improved exposition and figures
Tropical optimization problems
Creators: name: Krivulin, Nikolai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: 65K10 (Primary), 15A80, 65K05, 90C48, 41A50 (Secondary)

description: We consider optimization problems that are formulated and solved in the framework of tropical mathematics. The problems consist in minimizing or maximizing functionals defined on vectors of finite-dimensional semimodules over idempotent semifields, and may involve constraints in the form of linear equations and inequalities. The objective function can be either a linear function or nonlinear function calculated by means of multiplicative conjugate transposition of vectors. We start with an overview of known tropical optimization problems and solution methods. Then, we formulate certain new problems and present direct solutions to the problems in a closed compact vector form suitable for further analysis and applications. For many problems, the results obtained are complete solutions.
description: 23 Pages. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1406.1777
Integrable mappings for noncommuting objects
Creators: name: Leznov, Andrei N.
name: Yuzbashyan, Emil A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct hierarchies of integrable systems invariant under the two-dimensional Darboux-Toda mapping for noncommuting objects, thus generalizing to the noncommutative case the integrable mapping approach to nonlinear dynamical systems. Besides the usual setup with one time and two space dimensions, we consider the case when the unknown functions also depend on two Grassman variables.
description: 11 pages, language improved
Talking datasets: Understanding data sensemaking behaviours
Creators: name: Koesten, Laura
name: Gregory, Kathleen
name: Groth, Paul
name: Simperl, Elena
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: Digital Libraries (cs.DL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The sharing and reuse of data are seen as critical to solving the most complex problems of today. Despite this potential, relatively little is known about a key step in data reuse: people's behaviours involved in data-centric sensemaking. We aim to address this gap by presenting a mixed-methods study combining in-depth interviews, a think-aloud task and a screen recording analysis with 31 researchers as they summarised and interacted with both familiar and unfamiliar data. We use our findings to identify and detail common activity patterns and necessary data attributes across three clusters of sensemaking activities: inspecting data, engaging with content, and placing data within broader contexts. We conclude by proposing design recommendations for tools and documentation practices which can be used to facilitate sensemaking and subsequent data reuse.
description: 26 pages, 7 figures, 6 tables
Soliton Fay identities. I. Dark soliton case
Creators: name: Vekslerchik, V. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 35Q51, 35C08, 11C20

description: We derive a set of bilinear identities for the determinants of the matrices that have been used to construct the dark soliton solutions for various models. To give examples of the application of the obtained identities we present soliton solutions for the equations describing multidimensional quadrilateral lattices, Darboux equations and multidimensional multicomponent systems of the nonlinear Schrodinger type.
ФЕНОМЕН «АКМЕ» В ИСТОРИКО-ФИЛОСОФСКОМ ОСМЫСЛЕНИИ
Creators: name: Селезнева Светлана Михайловна
Publisher: name: Вестник Пермского государственного гуманитарно-педагогического университета. Серия № 3. Гуманитарные и общественные науки
Year: 2020
Subjects: акме
совершенствование

description: Научное осмысление сущности феномена «акме» представляет собой анализ исторического процесса появления и развития научных идей, преобразование их в концепции и теории, способствующие появлению новой науки и методологического подхода.
Computation of potentials from current electrodes in cylindrically stratified media: A stable, rescaled semi-analytical formulation
Creators: name: Moon, Haksu
name: Teixeira, Fernando L.
name: Donderici, Burkay
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an efficient and robust semi-analytical formulation to compute the electric potential due to arbitrary-located point electrodes in three-dimensional cylindrically stratified media, where the radial thickness and the medium resistivity of each cylindrical layer can vary by many orders of magnitude. A basic roadblock for robust potential computations in such scenarios is the poor scaling of modified-Bessel functions used for computation of the semi-analytical solution, for extreme arguments and/or orders. To accommodate this, we construct a set of rescaled versions of modified-Bessel functions, which avoids underflows and overflows in finite precision arithmetic, and minimizes round-off errors. In addition, several extrapolation methods are applied and compared to expedite the numerical evaluation of the (otherwise slowly convergent) associated Sommerfeld-type integrals. The proposed algorithm is verified in a number of scenarios relevant to geophysical exploration, but the general formulation presented is also applicable to other problems governed by Poisson equation such as Newtonian gravity, heat flow, and potential flow in fluid mechanics, involving cylindrically stratified environments.
On the density of sumsets
Creators: name: Leonetti, Paolo
name: Tringali, Salvatore
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary 11B05, 11B13, 28A10, Secondary 39B62, 60B99

description: Recently introduced by the authors in [Proc. Edinb. Math. Soc. 60 (2020), 139-167], quasi-densities form a large family of real-valued functions partially defined on the power set of the integers that serve as a unifying framework for the study of many known densities (including the asymptotic density, the Banach density, the logarithmic density, the analytic density, and the Pólya density). We further contribute to this line of research by proving that (i) for each $n \in \mathbf N^+$ and $α\in [0,1]$, there is $A \subseteq \mathbf{N}$ with $kA \in \text{dom}(μ)$ and $μ(kA) = αk/n$ for every quasi-density $μ$ and every $k=1,\ldots, n$, where $kA:=A+\cdots+A$ is the $k$-fold sumset of $A$ and $\text{dom}(μ)$ denotes the domain of definition of $μ$; (ii) for each $α\in [0,1]$ and every non-empty finite $B\subseteq \mathbf{N}$, there is $A \subseteq \mathbf{N}$ with $A+B \in \mathrm{dom}(μ)$ and $μ(A+B)=α$ for every quasi-density $μ$; (iii) for each $α\in [0,1]$, there exists $A\subseteq \mathbf{N}$ with $2A = \mathbf{N}$ such that $A \in \text{dom}(μ)$ and $μ(A) = α$ for every quasi-density $μ$. Proofs rely on the properties of a little known density first considered by R.C. Buck and the "structure" of the set of all quasi-densities; in particular, they are rather different than previously known proofs of special cases of the same results.
description: 13 pages, to appear in Monatshefte f\"ur Mathematik. We fixed a gap in the old "proof" of Theorem 3.1, which made it necessary to improve on Proposition 2.4 (that is, Proposition 2.3 in the previous version of the paper)
Nonlinear silicon photonics analyzed with the moment method
Creators: name: Lefrancois, Simon
name: Husko, Chad
name: Blanco-Redondo, Andrea
name: Eggleton, Benjamin J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We apply the moment method to nonlinear pulse propagation in silicon waveguides in the presence of two-photon absorption, free-carrier dispersion and free-carrier absorption. The evolution equations for pulse energy, temporal position, duration, frequency shift and chirp are obtained. We derive analytic expressions for the free-carrier induced blueshift and acceleration and show that they depend only on the pulse peak power. Importantly, these effects are independent of the temporal duration. The moment equations are then numerically solved to provide fast estimates of pulse evolution trends in silicon photonics waveguides. We find that group-velocity and free-carrier dispersion dominate the pulse dynamics in photonic crystal waveguides. In contrast, two-photon and free-carrier absorption dominate the temporal dynamics in silicon nanowires. To our knowledge, this is the first time the moment method is used to provide a concise picture of multiphoton and free-carrier effects in silicon photonics. The treatment and conclusions apply to any semiconductor waveguide dominated by two-photon absorption.
description: 10 pages, 8 figures
РУКОПИСЬ Paris BNF (Mss.): Ms.fr. 9152 В ИСТОРИИ МАНДОРЫ
Creators: name: Елена Владимировна Кравчик
Publisher: name: Вестник Пермского государственного гуманитарно-педагогического университета. Серия № 3. Гуманитарные и общественные науки
Year: 2020
Subjects: мандора
гитерна
тамбора
лютня
цистра
М. Преториус
М. Мерсенн
A. Кирхер
Ф. Мерлен
Ф. Шанси

description: В статье рассматриваются некоторые европейские письменные и одновременно иконографические источники по истории старинного струнно-щипкового инструмента мандоры. Новым среди них является старший. Статья содержит для сравнения между собой иллюстрации из музыкальных трактатов XVII в. с изображением мандоры, самое старшее в истории мандоры подписанное изображение мандоры с настройкой инструмента и обзор музыкальных инструментов французского двора второй половины XVI в., помещенные в рукописи, – это пока самый старший письменно-иконографический источник с полной информацией о музыкальных инструментах на французском языке.
ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕ СТРУКТУРНОГО МЕТОДА ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ ПРИ ИЗУЧЕНИИ ПОЛИТИЧЕСКОГО СЫСКА РОССИИ В XVII–XIX ВВ.
Creators: name: Штейников Сергей Николаевич
Publisher: name: Вестник Пермского государственного гуманитарно-педагогического университета. Серия № 3. Гуманитарные и общественные науки
Year: 2020
Subjects: политический сыск
Приказ тайных дел
Тайная канцелярия
А.Х. Бенкендорф
Л В. Дубельт
жандарм

description: Рассматривается политический сыск России как единая система, обладающая сложной структурой, где каждый элемент находится на своем месте.
ПРАКТИЧЕСКАЯ ЦЕННОСТЬ СОВРЕМЕННЫХ ТЕОРИЙ ПОКОЛЕНИЙ В СОЦИОЛОГИИ
Creators: name: Лысенко Олег Владиславович
name: Ковин Егор Андреевич
Publisher: name: Вестник Пермского государственного гуманитарно-педагогического университета. Серия № 3. Гуманитарные и общественные науки
Year: 2020
Subjects: современные теории поколений
поколения XYZ
практическое значение современных теорий поколений
теория поколений в России.

description: Представлены результаты проведенного авторами практического исследования, доказывающие, что черты «поколения Y» и «поколения X», выделенные авторами современных теорий поколений, не подтверждаются на практике. Рассматривается исследование другого автора, который в свою очередь опровергает аналогичные индивидуальные признаки «поколения Z», выделенные в современных теориях поколений. Объясняются главные недостатки современных теорий поколений, которые заключаются в выделении поколений сугубо механически, исключительно по годам рождения индивидов.
Программа сотрудничества смежных территорий России и Китая: история, факты, пути осуществления
Creators: name: Александрова Мария Викторовна
Publisher: name: Китай в мировой и региональной политике. История и современность
Year: 2010
Subjects: китаизация
Дальний Восток
Сибирь
низкокачественная продукция
приграничные регионы
стратегия социально-экономического развития
китайский капитал
ВПК
технопарк
программа возрождения северо-востока Китая
убыточность
трудоустройство
ВВП
серые таможенные схемы
тарифная политика
цветные металлы
лесная и рыбная промышленности
экспорт необработанного сырья
инфраструктура
глубокая переработка древесины
фармацевтия
марикультура
пушное звероводство
рекреационные ресурсы
туризм

description: «Программа сотрудничества между регионами Дальнего Востока и Восточной Сибири Российской Федерации и Северо-Востока Китайской Народной Республики (2009 2018 годы)», яркий пример использования КНР в собственных интересах слабых сторон российской экономической модели. Активное продвижение китайского капитала в Россию создаёт предпосылки для ухудшения положения ряда отечественных предприятий в силу недостатка у них оборотных средств. Программа в очередной раз показывает, что в нашей стране нет продуманной региональной экономической политики. Современную ситуацию на Востоке страны можно сравнивать с ситуацией, сложившейся в 1920-е годы, когда реализовывалась Концепция экономической автономизации. Растущая зависимость России от импортёров природных ресурсов препятствует развитию собственной инновационной экономики и ведёт к обнищанию страны. Сотрудничество с КНР должно основываться на принципе взаимовыгоды. Восточным регионам России необходимо постепенно отходить от материально-сырьевой направленности экспорта и все ресурсы бросить на подъём традиционного промышленного производства и улучшение социально-демографической ситуации. Следует отстаивать национальные интересы нашей Родины, чтобы экономическое сотрудничество с Поднебесной не обернулось для нас очередной волной утечки «мозгов» и технологий и подчинения её рынка интересам сопредельного государства.