cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Nuclear matter in the crust of neutron stars derived from realistic NN interactions
Creators: name: Gögelein, P.
name: van Dalen, E. N. E.
name: Fuchs, C.
name: Müther, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Properties of inhomogeneous nuclear matter are evaluated within a relativistic mean field approximation using density dependent coupling constants. A parameterization for these coupling constants is presented, which reproduces the properties of the nucleon self-energy obtained in Dirac Brueckner Hartree Fock calculations of asymmetric nuclear matter but also provides a good description for bulk properties of finite nuclei. The inhomogeneous infinite matter is described in terms of cubic Wigner-Seitz cells, which allows for a microscopic description of the structures in the so-called ``pasta-phase'' of nuclear configurations and provides a smooth transition to the limit of homogeneous matter. The effects of pairing properties and finite temperature are considered. A comparison is made to corresponding results employing the phenomenological Skyrme Hartree-Fock approach and the consequences for the Thomas-Fermi approximation are discussed.
description: 16 pages 7, Figs
Survival of presolar p-nuclide carriers in the nebula revealed by stepwise leaching of Allende refractory inclusions
Creators: name: Charlier, Bruce
name: Tissot, FLH
name: Vollstaedt, H
name: Dauphas, N
name: Wilson, Colin
name: Marquez, RT
Publisher: name: Open Access Victoria University of Wellington | Te Herenga Waka
Year: 2021
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: The 87Rb-87Sr radiochronometer provides key insights into the timing of volatile element depletion in planetary bodies, yet the unknown nucleosynthetic origin of Sr anomalies in Ca-Al-rich inclusions (CAIs, the oldest dated solar system solids) challenges the reliability of resulting chronological interpretations. To identify the nature of these Sr anomalies, we performed step-leaching experiments on nine unmelted CAIs from Allende. In six CAIs, the chemically resistant residues (0.06 to 9.7% total CAI Sr) show extreme positive μ 84Sr (up to +80,655) and 87Sr variations that cannot be explained by decay of 87Rb. The extreme 84Sr but more subdued 87Sr anomalies are best explained by the presence of a presolar carrier enriched in the p-nuclide 84Sr. We argue that this unidentified carrier controls the isotopic anomalies in bulk CAIs and outer solar system materials, which reinstates the chronological significance of differences in initial 87Sr/86Sr between CAIs and volatile-depleted inner solar system materials.
Additional file 1 of Pretreatment systemic inflammation response index is predictive of pathological complete response in patients with breast cancer receiving neoadjuvant chemotherapy
Creators: name: Dong, Jie
name: Sun, Qingqing
name: Pan, Yueyin
name: Lu, Nannan
name: Han, Xinghua
name: Zhou, Qiong
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 1: Supplementary Table 1. Associations of clinicopathological features with SIRI in breast cancer.
Metallic Pattern Fabrication in Organic Mott Insulating Crystal by Local X-Ray Irradiation
Creators: name: Yoneyama, Naoki
name: Sasaki, Takahiko
name: Kobayashi, Norio
name: Ikemoto, Yuka
name: Moriwaki, Taro
name: Kimura, Hiroaki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have fabricated a metallic structure in an organic Mott insulator $κ$-(BEDT-TTF)$_2$Cu[N(CN)$_2$]Cl. The periodic metallic domains of approximately 90$\times$90 $μ$m$^2$ obtained by X-ray irradiation through a molybdenum mesh mask are visualized by scanning microregion infrared reflectance spectroscopy technique. No deterioration by irradiation is found in a range of nanometer to micrometer scales. We demonstrate that the present processing method is applicable for the fabrication of molecular electronic devices.
description: 3 pages, submitted to APEX
Earthquake Analysis Suggests Dyke Intrusion in 2019 Near Tarawera Volcano, New Zealand
Creators: name: Benson, TW
name: Illsley-Kemp, Finnigan
name: Elms, HC
name: Hamling, IJ
name: Savage, Martha
name: Wilson, Colin
name: Mestel, Eleanor
name: Barker, Simon
Publisher: name: Open Access Victoria University of Wellington | Te Herenga Waka
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 40699 Physical Geography and Environmental Geoscience not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Geology
subject: Geophysics

description: Tarawera volcano (New Zealand) is volumetrically dominated by rhyolitic lavas and pyroclastic deposits, but the most recent event in AD 1886 was a basaltic Plinian fissure eruption. In March 2019 a swarm of at least 64 earthquakes occurred to the NE of Tarawera volcano, as recorded by the New Zealand Geohazard Monitoring Network (GeoNet). We use seismological analysis to show that this swarm was most likely caused by a dyke that intruded into the brittle crust between depths of 8–10 km and propagated toward Tarawera volcano for 2 km at a rate of 0.3–0.6 m s−1. We infer that this was a dyke of basaltic composition that was stress-guided toward Tarawera volcano by the topographic load of the volcanic edifice. Dyke intrusions of this nature are most likely a common occurrence but a similar process may have occurred during the 1886 eruption with a dyke sourced from some lateral distance away from the volcano. The 2019 intrusion was not detected by InSAR geodesy and we use synthetic models to show that geodetic monitoring could only detect a ≥6 m wide dyke at these depths. Improvements to geodetic monitoring, combined with detailed seismological analysis, could better detect future magmatic intrusions in the region and serve to help assess ongoing changes in the magmatic system and the associated possibilities of a volcanic event.
Stretching Homopolymers
Creators: name: Morrison, Greg
name: Hyeon, Changbong
name: Toan, N. M.
name: Ha, Bae-Yeun
name: Thirumalai, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Force induced stretching of polymers is important in a variety of contexts. We have used theory and simulations to describe the response of homopolymers, with $N$ monomers, to force ($f$) in good and poor solvents. In good solvents and for {sufficiently large} $N$ we show, in accord with scaling predictions, that the mean extension along the $f$ axis $\sim f$ for small $f$, and $\sim f^{2/3}$ (the Pincus regime) for intermediate values of $f$. The theoretical predictions for $\la Z\ra$ as a function of $f$ are in excellent agreement with simulations for N=100 and 1600. However, even with N=1600, the expected Pincus regime is not observed due to the the breakdown of the assumptions in the blob picture for finite $N$. {We predict the Pincus scaling in a good solvent will be observed for $N\gtrsim 10^5$}. The force-dependent structure factors for a polymer in a poor solvent show that there are a hierarchy of structures, depending on the nature of the solvent. For a weakly hydrophobic polymer, various structures (ideal conformations, self-avoiding chains, globules, and rods) emerge on distinct length scales as $f$ is varied. A strongly hydrophobic polymer remains globular as long as $f$ is less than a critical value $f_c$. Above $f_c$, an abrupt first order transition to a rod-like structure occurs. Our predictions can be tested using single molecule experiments.
description: 24 pages, 7 figures
Reduced Hamiltonian for intersecting shells
Creators: name: Fiamberti, Francesco
name: Menotti, Pietro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The gauge usually adopted for extracting the reduced Hamiltonian of a thin spherical shell of matter in general relativity, becomes singular when dealing with two or more intersecting shells. We introduce here a more general class of gauges which is apt for dealing with intersecting shells. As an application we give the hamiltonian treatment of two intersecting shells, both massive and massless. Such a formulation is applied to the computation of the semiclassical tunneling probability of two shells. The probability for the emission of two shells is simply the product of the separate probabilities thus showing no correlation in the emission probabilities in this model.
description: 30 pages, LaTeX
Ruapehu and Tongariro stratovolcanoes: a review of current understanding
Creators: name: Leonard, GS
name: Cole, RP
name: Christenson, BW
name: Conway, CE
name: Cronin, SJ
name: Gamble, John
name: Hurst, T
name: Kennedy, BM
name: Miller, CA
name: Procter, JN
name: Pure, LR
name: Townsend, DB
name: White, JDL
name: Wilson, Colin
Publisher: name: Open Access Victoria University of Wellington | Te Herenga Waka
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 40699 Physical Geography and Environmental Geoscience not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Geology
subject: Geophysics

description: Ruapehu (150 km3 cone, 150 km3 ring-plain) and Tongariro (90 km3 cone, 60 km3 ring-plain) are iconic stratovolcanoes, formed since ∼230 and ∼350 ka, respectively, in the southern Taupo Volcanic Zone and Taupo Rift. These volcanoes rest on Mesozoic metasedimentary basement with local intervening Miocene sediments. Both volcanoes have complex growth histories, closely linked to the presence or absence of glacial ice that controlled the distribution and preservation of lavas. Ruapehu cone-building vents are focused into a short NNE-separated pair, whereas Tongariro vents are more widely distributed along that trend, the differences reflecting local rifting rates and faulting intensities. Both volcanoes have erupted basaltic andesite to dacite (53–66 wt.% silica), but mostly plagioclase-two pyroxene andesites from storage zones at 5–10 km depth. Erupted compositions contain evidence for magma mixing and interaction with basement rocks. Each volcano has an independent magmatic system and a growth history related to long-term (>104 years) cycles of mantle-derived magma supply, unrelated to glacial/interglacial cycles. Historic eruptions at both volcanoes are compositionally diverse, reflecting small, dispersed magma sources. Both volcanoes often show signs of volcanic unrest and have erupted with a wide range of styles and associated hazards, most recently in 2007 (Ruapehu) and 2012 (Tongariro).
Slow Excitation Trapping in Quantum Transport with Long-Range Interactions
Creators: name: Muelken, Oliver
name: Pernice, Volker
name: Blumen, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Long-range interactions slow down the excitation trapping in quantum transport processes on a one-dimensional chain with traps at both ends. This is counter intuitive and in contrast to the corresponding classical processes with long-range interactions, which lead to faster excitation trapping. We give a pertubation theoretical explanation of this effect.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures
The Pion Form Factor in AdS/QCD
Creators: name: Kwee, Herry J.
name: Lebed, Richard F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Holographic QCD provides a unique framework in which to compute QCD observables. In this talk we summarize recent numerical work on computing the pion electromagnetic form factor using an AdS/QCD action that includes both spontaneous and explicit chiral symmetry breaking. We consider both hard- and soft-wall model results and develop an intermediate background that supports the best features of both. We also begin to see possible evidence in the fit for the presence of 1/N_c corrections.
description: 12 pages, 3 figures, style file included. Invited plenary talk at "Continuous Advances in QCD 2008", Minneapolis
Symmetry-controlled singlet-triplet transition in a double-barrier quantum ring
Creators: name: Potts, Heidi
name: Josefi, Josef
name: Chen, I-Ju
name: Lehmann, Sebastian
name: Dick, Kimberly A.
name: Leijnse, Martin
name: Reimann, Stephanie M.
name: Bengtsson, Jakob
name: Thelander, Claes
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We engineer a system of two strongly confined quantum dots to gain reproducible electrostatic control of the spin at zero magnetic field. Coupling the dots in a tight ring-shaped potential with two tunnel barriers, we demonstrate that an electric field can switch the electron ground state between a singlet and a triplet configuration. Comparing our experimental co-tunneling spectroscopy data to a full many-body treatment of interacting electrons in a double-barrier quantum ring, we find excellent agreement in the evolution of many-body states with electric and magnetic fields. The calculations show that the singlet-triplet energy crossover, not found in conventionally coupled quantum dots, is made possible by the ring-shaped geometry of the confining potential.
Decolonising the SPRI library: position paper
Creators: name: Peers, Eleanor
name: Marsh, Frances
name: Lund, Peter
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: Decolonisation
Indigenization
Metadata
Classification
Information Literacy
Collection Development

description: The following text sets out a realistic way for decolonisation to move forward in three key areas: collection development, classification and information literacy. These decolonising initiatives are necessary to ensure the continuation of the Polar Library’s high standard of practice.
Nonlinearity in the dynamics of photoinduced nucleation process
Creators: name: Ishida, Kunio
name: Nasu, Keiichiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Nonlinear dynamics of photoinduced cooperative phenomena is studied by numerical calculations on a model of molecular crystals. We found that the photoinduced nucleation process is triggered only when certain amount of excitation energy is supplied in a narrow part of the system, i.e., there exists a smallest cluster of excited molecules which makes the nucleation possible. As a result, the portion of the cooperatively converted molecules is nonlinearly dependent on the photoexcitation strength, which has been observed in various materials.
description: 10pages, 4 figures
Magnetic excitations in infinite-layer nickelates
Creators: name: Lu, H.
name: Rossi, M.
name: Nag, A.
name: Osada, M.
name: Li, D. F.
name: Lee, K.
name: Wang, B. Y.
name: Garcia-Fernandez, M.
name: Agrestini, S.
name: Shen, Z. X.
name: Been, E. M.
name: Moritz, B.
name: Devereaux, T. P.
name: Zaanen, J.
name: Hwang, H. Y.
name: Zhou, Ke-Jin
name: Lee, W. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The discovery of superconductivity in infinite-layer nickelates brings us tantalizingly close to a new material class that mirrors the cuprate superconductors. Here, we report on magnetic excitations in these nickelates, measured using resonant inelastic x-ray scattering (RIXS) at the Ni L3-edge, to shed light on the material complexity and microscopic physics. Undoped NdNiO2 possesses a branch of dispersive excitations with a bandwidth of approximately 200 meV, reminiscent of strongly-coupled, antiferromagnetically aligned spins on a square lattice, despite a lack of evidence for long range magnetic order. The significant damping of these modes indicates the importance of coupling to rare-earth itinerant electrons. Upon doping, the spectral weight and energy decrease slightly, while the modes become overdamped. Our results highlight the role of Mottness in infinite-layer nickelates.
description: This is the initially submitted version before revising for reviewers' comments. The peer-reviewed version has been accepted at Science and will be published soon
Recurrence of galactic cosmic rays intensity and anisotropy in solar minima 23/24 and 24/25 by ACE/CRIS, STEREO, SOHO/EPHIN and neutron monitors. Fourier and wavelet analysis. Dedicated to the Memory of Michael Alania
Creators: name: Modzelewska, R.
name: Gil, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Aims. We study the 27-day variations of galactic cosmic rays (GCRs) based on neutron monitor (NM), ACE/CRIS, STEREO and SOHO/EPHIN measurements, in solar minima 23/24 and 24/25 characterized by the opposite polarities of solar magnetic cycle. Now there is an opportunity to reanalyze the polarity dependence of the amplitudes of the recurrent GCR variations in 2007-2009 for negative A < 0 solar magnetic polarity and to compare it with the clear periodic variations related to solar rotation in 2017-2019 for positive A > 0. Methods. We use the Fourier analysis method to study the periodicity in the GCR fluxes. Since the GCR recurrence is a consequence of solar rotation, we analyze not only GCR fluxes, but also solar and heliospheric parameters examining the relationships between the 27-day GCR variations and heliospheric, as well as, solar wind parameters. Results. We find that the polarity dependence of the amplitudes of the 27-day variations of the GCR intensity and anisotropy for NMs data is kept for the last two solar minima: 23/24 (2007-2009) and 24/25 (2017-2019) with greater amplitudes in positive A > 0 solar magnetic polarity. ACE/CRIS, SOHO/EPHIN and STEREO measurements are not governed by this principle of greater amplitudes in positive A > 0 polarity. GCR recurrence caused by the solar rotation for low energy (< 1GeV) cosmic rays is more sensitive to the enhanced diffusion effects, resulting in the same level of the 27-day amplitudes for positive and negative polarities. While high energy (> 1GeV) cosmic rays registered by NMs, are more sensitive to the large-scale drift effect leading to the 22-year Hale cycle in the 27-day GCR variation, with the larger amplitudes in the A > 0 polarity than in the A < 0.
description: 8 pages, 8 figures
Non-Wiedemann-Franz Behavior of the Thermal Conductivity of Organic Semiconductors
Creators: name: Scheunemann, Dorothea
name: Kemerink, Martijn
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Organic semiconductors have attracted increasing interest as thermoelectric converters in recent years due to their intrinsically low thermal conductivity compared to inorganic materials. This boom has led to encouraging practical results, in which the thermal conductivity has predominantly been treated as an empirical number. However, in an optimized thermoelectric material, the electronic component can dominate the thermal conductivity in which case the figure of merit $ZT$ becomes a function of thermopower and Lorentz factor only. Hence design of effective organic thermoelectric materials requires understanding the Lorenz number. Here, analytical modeling and kinetic Monte Carlo simulations are combined to study the effect of energetic disorder and length scales on the correlation of electrical and thermal conductivity in organic semiconductor thermoelectrics. We show that a Lorenz factor up to a factor $\sim 5$ below the Sommerfeld value can be obtained for weakly disordered systems, in contrast with what has been observed for materials with band transport. Although the electronic contribution dominates the thermal conductivity within the application-relevant parameter space, reaching ZT>1 would require to minimize both the energetic disorder but also the lattice thermal conductivity to values below $κ_\text{lat}<0.2$W/mK.
Challenges of Translating HPC codes to Workflows for Heterogeneous and Dynamic Environments
Creators: name: Benkhaldoun, Fayssal
name: Cérin, Christophe
name: Kissami, Imad
name: Saad, Walid
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper we would like to share our experience for transforming a parallel code for a Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) problem into a parallel version for the RedisDG workflow engine. This system is able to capture heterogeneous and highly dynamic environments, thanks to opportunistic scheduling strategies. We show how to move to the field of "HPC as a Service" in order to use heterogeneous platforms. We mainly explain, through the CFD use case, how to transform the parallel code and we exhibit challenges to 'unfold' the task graph dynamically in order to improve the overall performance (in a broad sense) of the workflow engine. We discuss in particular of the impact on the workflow engine of such dynamic feature. This paper states that new models for High Performance Computing are possible, under the condition we revisit our mind in the direction of the potential of new paradigms such as cloud, edge computing.
Lessons from a genome-wide CRISPR-Cas9 screening: what researchers should know before start
Creators: name: Masoudi, Mohammad
Publisher: name: IfADo - Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors, Dortmund
Year: 2021
Subjects: CRISPR-Cas9
screening
genome-wide
false positive

description: EXCLI Journal; 20:Doc1615; ISSN 1611-2156
$πB_{8}B_{8}$ and $σB_{8}B_{8}$ couplings from a chiral quark potential model
Creators: name: Fernandez-Carames, M. T.
name: Gonzalez, P.
name: Valcarce, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: From an SU(2)$\otimes $SU(2) chiral quark potential model incorporating spontaneous chiral symmetry breaking the asymptotic $π$ and $σ$ exchange pieces of the $NN$ potential are generated. From them the $πNN$ and $σNN$ coupling constants can be extracted. The generalization to SU(3)$\otimes $SU(3) allows for a determination of $πB_{8}B_{8}$ and $% σB_{8}B_{8}$ coupling constants according to exact SU(3) hadron symmetry. The implementation of the values of the couplings at $Q^{2}=0$ provided by QCD sum rules and/or phenomenology makes also feasible the extraction of the meson-baryon-baryon form factors. In this manner a quite complete knowledge of the couplings may be attained.
description: 21 pages, 4 figures, 3 tables
Anisotropic pairing in the iron pnictides
Creators: name: Sknepnek, Rastko
name: Samolyuk, German
name: Lee, Yong-bin
name: Schmalian, Joerg
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We determine the anisotropy of the spin fluctuation induced pairing gap on the Fermi surface of the FeAs based superconductors as function of the exchange and Hund's coupling $J_{H}$. We find that for sufficiently large $J_{H}$, nearly commensurate magnetic fluctuations yield a fully gapped $s^{\pm}$-pairing state with small anisotropy of the gap amplitude on each Fermi surface sheet, but significant variations of the gap amplitude for different sheets of the Fermi surface. In particular, we obtain the large variation of the gap amplitude on different Fermi surface sheets, as seen in ARPES experiments. For smaller values of Hund's coupling incommensurate magnetic fluctuations yield an $s^{\pm}$-pairing state with line nodes. Such a state is also possible once the anisotropy of the material is reduced and three dimensional effects come into play.
description: Revised and substantially extended version, accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. B; 9 pages, 6 figures
Additional file 6 of A synthesized olean-28,13β-lactam targets YTHDF1-GLS1 axis to induce ROS-dependent metabolic crisis and cell death in pancreatic adenocarcinoma
Creators: name: Wu, Shijia
name: Ai, Yong
name: Huang, Huimin
name: Wu, Guangyu
name: Zhou, Shipeng
name: Hong, Weilong
name: Akuetteh, Percy David Papa
name: Jin, Guihua
name: Zhao, Xingling
name: Zhang, Yihua
name: Zhang, Xiaolong
name: Lan, Linhua
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology

description: Additional file 6: Table S1. Detail information of antibodies used in this study.
Electrical response of molecular systems: the power of self-interaction corrected Kohn-Sham theory
Creators: name: Körzdörfer, T.
name: Mundt, M.
name: Kümmel, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The accurate prediction of electronic response properties of extended molecular systems has been a challenge for conventional, explicit density functionals. We demonstrate that a self-interaction correction implemented rigorously within Kohn-Sham theory via the Optimized Effective Potential (OEP) yields polarizabilities close to the ones from highly accurate wavefunction-based calculations and exceeding the quality of exact-exchange-OEP. The orbital structure obtained with the OEP-SIC functional and approximations to it are discussed.
description: accepted for publication in Physical Review Letters
Protective Coating Interfaces for perovskite Solar Cell Materials: A first Principles Study
Creators: name: Fangnon, Azimatu
name: Dvorak, Marc
name: Havu, Ville
name: Todorovic, Milica
name: Li, Jingrui
name: Rinke, Patrick
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The protection of halide perovskites is important for the performance and stability of emergent perovskite-based optoelectronic technologies. In this work, we investigate the potential inorganic protective coating materials ZnO, SrZrO3, and ZrO2 for the CsPbI3perovskite. The optimal interface registries are identified with Bayesian optimization. We then use semi-local density-functional theory (DFT) to determine the atomic structure at the interfaces of each coating material with the clean CsI-terminated surface and three reconstructed surface models with added PbI2and CsI complexes. For the final structures, we explore the level alignment at the interface with hybrid DFT calculations. Our analysis of the level alignment at the coating-substrate interfaces reveals no detrimental mid-gap states, but substrate-dependent valence and conduction band offsets. While ZnO and SrZrO3act as insulators on CsPbI3, ZrO2 might be suitable as electron transport layer with the right interface engineering.
description: 27 pages, 16 figures
Meta-analysis of epigenome-wide association studies of carotid intima-media thickness.
Creators: name: Portilla-Fernández, Eliana
name: Hwang, Shih-Jen
name: Wilson, Rory
name: Maddock, Jane
name: Hill, W David
name: Teumer, Alexander
name: Mishra, Pashupati P
name: Brody, Jennifer A
name: Joehanes, Roby
name: Ligthart, Symen
name: Ghanbari, Mohsen
name: Kavousi, Maryam
name: Roks, Anton JM
name: Danser, AH Jan
name: Levy, Daniel
name: Peters, Annette
name: Ghasemi, Sahar
name: Schminke, Ulf
name: Dörr, Marcus
name: Grabe, Hans J
name: Lehtimäki, Terho
name: Kähönen, Mika
name: Hurme, Mikko A
name: Bartz, Traci M
name: Sotoodehnia, Nona
name: Bis, Joshua C
name: Thiery, Joachim
name: Koenig, Wolfgang
name: Ong, Kenneth
name: Bell, Jordana T
name: Meisinger, Christine
name: Wardlaw, Joanna M
name: Starr, John M
name: Seissler, Jochen
name: Then, Cornelia
name: Rathmann, Wolfgang
name: Ikram, M Arfan
name: Psaty, Bruce M
name: Raitakari, Olli T
name: Völzke, Henry
name: Deary, Ian J
name: Wong, Andrew
name: Waldenberger, Melanie
name: O'Donnell, Christopher J
name: Dehghan, Abbas
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021

description: Common carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT) is an index of subclinical atherosclerosis that is associated with ischemic stroke and coronary artery disease (CAD). We undertook a cross-sectional epigenome-wide association study (EWAS) of measures of cIMT in 6400 individuals. Mendelian randomization analysis was applied to investigate the potential causal role of DNA methylation in the link between atherosclerotic cardiovascular risk factors and cIMT or clinical cardiovascular disease. The CpG site cg05575921 was associated with cIMT (beta = -0.0264, p value = 3.5 × 10-8) in the discovery panel and was replicated in replication panel (beta = -0.07, p value = 0.005). This CpG is located at chr5:81649347 in the intron 3 of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor repressor gene (AHRR). Our results indicate that DNA methylation at cg05575921 might be in the pathway between smoking, cIMT and stroke. Moreover, in a region-based analysis, 34 differentially methylated regions (DMRs) were identified of which a DMR upstream of ALOX12 showed the strongest association with cIMT (p value = 1.4 × 10-13). In conclusion, our study suggests that DNA methylation may play a role in the link between cardiovascular risk factors, cIMT and clinical cardiovascular disease.
Extended Fractal Fits to Riemann Zeros
Creators: name: Slater, Paul B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 11M26; 28A80; 81Q50

description: We extend to the first 300 Riemann zeros, the form of analysis reported by us in arXiv:math-ph/0606005, in which the largest study had involved the first 75 zeros. Again, we model the nonsmooth fluctuating part of the Wu-Sprung potential, which reproduces the Riemann zeros, by the alternating-sign sine series fractal of Berry and Lewis A(x,g). Setting the fractal dimension equal to 3/2. we estimate the frequency parameter (g), plus an overall scaling parameter (s) introduced. We search for that pair of parameters (g,s) which minimizes the least-squares fit of the lowest 300 eigenvalues -- obtained by solving the one-dimensional stationary (non-fractal) Schrodinger equation with the trial potential (smooth plus nonsmooth parts) -- to the first 300 Riemann zeros. We randomly sample values within the rectangle 0 < s < 3, 0 < g < 25. The fits obtained are compared to those gotten by using simply the smooth part of the Wu-Sprung potential without any fractal supplementation. Some limited improvement is again found. There are two (primary and secondary) quite distinct subdomains, in which the values giving improvements in fit are concentrated.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures
Additional file 1 of Identification and evaluation of circulating small extracellular vesicle microRNAs as diagnostic biomarkers for patients with indeterminate pulmonary nodules
Creators: name: Zheng, Di
name: Zhu, Yuming
name: Zhang, Jiyang
name: Zhang, Wei
name: Wang, Huizhen
name: Chen, Hao
name: Wu, Chunyan
name: Ni, Jian
name: Xu, Xiaoya
name: Nian, Baoning
name: Chen, Sheng
name: Wang, Beibei
name: Li, Xiaofang
name: Zhang, Yanan
name: Zhang, Jiatao
name: Zhong, Wenzhao
name: Xiong, Lei
name: Li, Fugen
name: Zhang, Dadong
name: Xu, Jianfang
name: Jiang, Gening
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 1: Figure S1. Cohorts’ details and inclusion/exclusion criteria. Figure S2. Pathology subtypes of the training (a), test (b), and external validation (c) cohorts. Figure S3. Representative pathological images of the benign and malignant pulmonary nodule subtypes. Malignant nodule subtypes: adenocarcinoma in situ (AIS), minimally invasive adenocarcinoma (MIA), and invasive adenocarcinoma (IA); Benign nodule subtypes: granulomas, atypical adenomatous hyperplasia (AAH), hamartoma, cyst, fibrosis, organizing pneumonias (OP). Magnification, ×400; Formalin Fixed Paraffin-Embedded (FFPE) tissues. Figure S4. CirsEV-miR model performance in the test cohort and the external cohort. (a) Circulating sEV miRNA heatmap of the test cohort by unsupervised hierarchical clustering. (b) ROC curve of the CirsEV-miR model in the test cohort. (c) The CirsEV-miR scores of benign and malignant PNs in the test cohort. (d) ROC curve of the CirsEV-miR model in the external validation cohort. (e) The CirsEV-miR scores of healthy people and patients with benign or malignant PNs. (f) Expression level of the five miRNAs used in CirsEV-miR model. For each group n = 13. All data is presented with mean ± SD, except let-7b-3p which is presented with mean ± SEM. *p < 0.05; **p < 0.01; ***, p < 0.001. Figure S5. CirsEV-miR model performance of IPNs ≤ 1 cm. (a) CirsEV-miR model performance in our cohorts. (b) CirsEV-miR model performance in the external validation cohort. Table S1. Classifiers constructed from the six identified DEMs. Table S2. Performance of classifiers in the training and test cohorts. Table S3. The five sEV-miRNAs and their corresponding coefficients in the CirsEV-miR model. Table S4. Target genes of the five sEV-miRNAs. Table S5. Upregulated DEMs shared between benign PNs, AIS/MIA, and invasive adenocarcinomas. Table S6. Downregulated DEMs shared between benign PNs, AIS/MIA, and invasive adenocarcinomas. Table S7. Quality control of small RNA sequencing.
Data filtering methods for SARS-CoV-2 wastewater surveillance
Creators: name: Arabzadeh, Rezgar
name: Gruenbacher, Daniel Martin
name: Insam, Heribert
name: Kreuzinger, Norbert
name: Markt, Rudolf
name: Rauch, Wolfgang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: In the case of SARS-CoV-2 pandemic management, wastewater-based epidemiology aims to derive information on the infection dynamics by monitoring virus concentrations in the wastewater. However, due to the intrinsic random fluctuations of the viral signal in the wastewater (due to e.g., dilution; transport and fate processes in sewer system; variation in the number of persons discharging; variations in virus excretion and water consumption per day) the subsequent prevalence analysis may result in misleading conclusions. It is thus helpful to apply data filtering techniques to reduce the noise in the signal. In this paper we investigate 13 smoothing algorithms applied to the virus signals monitored in four wastewater treatment plants in Austria. The parameters of the algorithms have been defined by an optimization procedure aiming for performance metrics. The results are further investigated by means of a cluster analysis. While all algorithms are in principle applicable, SPLINE, Generalized Additive Model and Friedman Super Smoother are recognized as superior methods in this context (with the latter two having a tendency to over-smoothing). A first analysis of the resulting datasets indicates the influence of catchment size for wastewater-based epidemiology as smaller communities both reveal a signal threshold before any relation with infection dynamics is visible and also a higher sensitivity towards infection clusters.
description: 22 pages 6 Figures
Meet the Gypsy Moth
Creators: name: Forest Service, U.S. Dept. Of Agriculture
name: Forest Service, U.S. Dept. Of Agriculture
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1977
Subjects: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy

description: The gypsy moth is probably the most important defoliating insect of hardwoods—especially the oak—in the northeastern United States. This insect is often confused with other forest Insects of similar size, shape, and coloring. Much effort and money have been spent to control or to eliminate this pest from this continent. Yet it continues to spread southward along the Appalachians. The objective of this brochure is to help landowners and other interested individuals identify this forest pest and its life stages.
Sharpness of the Finsler-Hadwiger inequality
Creators: name: Lupu, Cezar
name: Pohoata, Cosmin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Metric Geometry (math.MG)
subject: History and Overview (math.HO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 26D15

description: In this paper we shall prove a sharpened version of the Finsler-Hadwiger inequality which is a strong generalization of Weitzenbock inequality. After that we give another refinement of this inequality and in the final part we provide some basic applications.
description: 10 pages
QCD analysis of pion fragmentation functions in the xFitter framework
Creators: name: XFitter Collaboration
name: Abdolmaleki, Hamed
name: Soleymaninia, Maryam
name: Khanpour, Hamzeh
name: Amoroso, Simone
name: Giuli, Francesco
name: Glazov, Alexander
name: Luszczak, Agnieszka
name: Olness, Fredrick
name: Zenaiev, Oleksandr
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the first open-source analysis of fragmentation functions (FFs) of charged pions (entitled IPM-xFitter) computed at next-to-leading order (NLO) and next-to-next-to-leading order (NNLO) accuracy in perturbative QCD using the xFitter framework. This study incorporates a comprehensive and up-to-date set of pion production data from single-inclusive annihilation (SIA) processes, as well as the most recent measurements of inclusive cross-sections of single pion by the BELLE collaboration. The determination of pion FFs along with their theoretical uncertainties is performed in the Zero-Mass Variable-Flavor Number Scheme (ZM-VFNS). We also present comparisons of our FFs set with recent fits from the literature. The resulting NLO and NNLO pion FFs provide valuable insights for applications in present and future high-energy analysis of pion final state processes.
description: 20 pages, 10 figures, 2 tables
Indigenous and local communities can boost seed supply in the UN decade on ecosystem restoration.
Creators: name: Urzedo, Danilo
name: Pedrini, Simone
name: Vieira, Daniel LM
name: Sampaio, Alexandre B
name: Souza, Bruna DF
name: Campos-Filho, Eduardo Malta
name: Piña-Rodrigues, Fatima CM
name: Schmidt, Isabel B
name: Junqueira, Rodrigo GP
name: Dixon, Kingsley
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021

description: The UN Decade of Ecosystem Restoration is poised to trigger the recovery of ecosystem services and transform structural injustices across the world in a way unparalleled in human history. The inclusion of diverse Indigenous and local communities to co-create robust native seed supply systems is the backbone to achieve the goals for the Decade. Here we show how community-based organizations have co-developed native seed supply strategies for landscape restoration from the bottom-up. We draw on the interconnections over two decades of seed networks in Brazil and the emerging Indigenous participation in native seed production in Australia. From an environmental justice perspective, we provide a participatory seed supply approach for local engagement, noting local geographical, social and cultural contexts. Meeting large-scale restoration goals requires the connection between local seed production and collaborative platforms to negotiate roles, rights and responsibilities between stakeholders. An enduring native seed supply must include a diversity of voices and autonomy of community groups that builds equitable participation in social, economic, and environmental benefits.
description: Funder: European Research Council (ERC) Award number: 866006
Asymptotic teleportation scheme as a universal programmable quantum processor
Creators: name: Ishizaka, Satoshi
name: Hiroshima, Tohya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a scheme of quantum teleportation where a receiver has multiple (N) output ports and obtains the teleported state by merely selecting one of the N ports according to the outcome of the sender's measurement. We demonstrate that such teleportation is possible by showing an explicit protocol where N pairs of maximally entangled qubits are employed. The optimal measurement performed by a sender is the square-root measurement, and a perfect teleportation fidelity is asymptotically achieved for a large N limit. Such asymptotic teleportation can be utilized as a universal programmable processor.
description: 6 pages, 2 figures
Examining the Role of Political Ideology and Moral Attitudes in Shaping Consumer Activism
Creators: name: Saka, Serkan
Publisher: name: University of Illinois at Chicago
Year: 2024

description: In an era of heightened political polarization, understanding the forces that drive consumer activism is more critical than ever. The present research investigates the influence of political ideology and moral convictions on consumer activism behaviors such as boycotting and protesting. Through a series of empirical studies, it examines the roles of moral identity, emotional responses, and contextual factors such as business size and legality of protests in shaping consumer activism. The findings demonstrate that while liberals are traditionally seen as more inclined towards activism, conservatives also engage in activism when their moral norms are threatened. Context significantly influences moral judgments and activism intentions, with liberals maintaining consistent moral convictions regardless of protest legality, while conservatives' reactions are more situational. This research enhances the theoretical framework of moral conviction by integrating emotional responses, showing that both positive sentiments towards victims and negative sentiments towards companies drive activism.
Additionally, it offers practical implications for marketers and policymakers to navigate the polarized marketplace and effectively engage with diverse consumer segments. Overall, this research contributes to the theoretical frameworks of moral psychology and consumer behavior, offering valuable insights into the mechanisms underlying consumer activism and the conditions that foster such behaviors.
The Influence of Audio on Video Memorability with an Audio Gestalt Regulated Video Memorability System
Creators: name: Sweeney, Lorin
name: Healy, Graham
name: Smeaton, Alan F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Multimedia (cs.MM)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Memories are the tethering threads that tie us to the world, and memorability is the measure of their tensile strength. The threads of memory are spun from fibres of many modalities, obscuring the contribution of a single fibre to a thread's overall tensile strength. Unfurling these fibres is the key to understanding the nature of their interaction, and how we can ultimately create more meaningful media content. In this paper, we examine the influence of audio on video recognition memorability, finding evidence to suggest that it can facilitate overall video recognition memorability rich in high-level (gestalt) audio features. We introduce a novel multimodal deep learning-based late-fusion system that uses audio gestalt to estimate the influence of a given video's audio on its overall short-term recognition memorability, and selectively leverages audio features to make a prediction accordingly. We benchmark our audio gestalt based system on the Memento10k short-term video memorability dataset, achieving top-2 state-of-the-art results.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures, 4 tables, paper accepted in CBMI 2021 for publication and oral presentation
Expanding controlled donation after the circulatory determination of death: statement from an international collaborative.
Creators: name: Domínguez-Gil, Beatriz
name: Ascher, Nancy
name: Capron, Alexander M
name: Gardiner, Dale
name: Manara, Alexander R
name: Bernat, James L
name: Miñambres, Eduardo
name: Singh, Jeffrey M
name: Porte, Robert J
name: Markmann, James F
name: Dhital, Kumud
name: Ledoux, Didier
name: Fondevila, Constantino
name: Hosgood, Sarah
name: Van Raemdonck, Dirk
name: Keshavjee, Shaf
name: Dubois, James
name: McGee, Andrew
name: Henderson, Galen V
name: Glazier, Alexandra K
name: Tullius, Stefan G
name: Shemie, Sam D
name: Delmonico, Francis L
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021
Subjects: Humans
Death
Organ Transplantation
Quality of Life
Tissue Donors
Tissue and Organ Procurement

description: A decision to withdraw life-sustaining treatment (WLST) is derived by a conclusion that further treatment will not enable a patient to survive or will not produce a functional outcome with acceptable quality of life that the patient and the treating team regard as beneficial. Although many hospitalized patients die under such circumstances, controlled donation after the circulatory determination of death (cDCDD) programs have been developed only in a reduced number of countries. This International Collaborative Statement aims at expanding cDCDD in the world to help countries progress towards self-sufficiency in transplantation and offer more patients the opportunity of organ donation. The Statement addresses three fundamental aspects of the cDCDD pathway. First, it describes the process of determining a prognosis that justifies the WLST, a decision that should be prior to and independent of any consideration of organ donation and in which transplant professionals must not participate. Second, the Statement establishes the permanent cessation of circulation to the brain as the standard to determine death by circulatory criteria. Death may be declared after an elapsed observation period of 5 min without circulation to the brain, which confirms that the absence of circulation to the brain is permanent. Finally, the Statement highlights the value of perfusion repair for increasing the success of cDCDD organ transplantation. cDCDD protocols may utilize either in situ or ex situ perfusion consistent with the practice of each country. Methods to accomplish the in situ normothermic reperfusion of organs must preclude the restoration of brain perfusion to not invalidate the determination of death.