cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Analyse der Rechenschaftsberichte politischer Parteien des Deutschen Bundestags – Adressatenorientierte Adaption betriebswirtschaftlicher Kennzahlen der Bilanzanalyse und Entwicklung spezifischer Kennzahlen hinsichtlich der staatlichen Teilfinanzierung
Creators: name: Buchheim, Regine
name: Born, Sina
Publisher: name: Zeitschrift für Parteienwissenschaften
Year: 2023

description: Die Entwicklung von Kennzahlen für die Rechenschaftsberichte ermöglicht den Adressaten eine effiziente Analyse der Einnahmen sowie der Vermögens- und Finanzlage politischer Parteien. Die Anwendung dieser Kennzahlen zum Überschuss, der Ei-gen- und Fremdkapitalquoten und zur Liquidität auf die Rechenschaftsberichte der Bundestagsparteien 2016 bis 2021 zeigt die finanzielle Entwicklung einzelner Parteien im Zeitablauf sowie Unterschiede zwischen den Parteien. So hat bspw. die FDP den höchsten Verschuldungsgrad, während die AfD den höchsten staatlichen Anteil an ihren Gesamteinnahmen in Anspruch nimmt. Auch Lücken in den Transparenzvorgaben des Parteiengesetzes können so festgestellt werden.
Zwei Kennzahlen zur staatlichen Parteienfinanzierung und der Wirkung der relativen und absoluten Obergrenze geben Einblicke und Vergleiche der Bundestagsparteien, die weitere Analysen und Diskussionen anregen. So kann bspw. die im Urteil des Bundesverfassungsgerichts vom 24. Januar 2023 geäußerte Vermutung, mit der als verfassungswidrig beurteilten Anhebung der absoluten Obergrenze 2018 sollte die bereits 2015 erhöhte anteilige Parteienfinanzierung nachvollzogen werden, auf Basis der zusätzlich analysierten Festsetzungsbescheide 2015-2023 empirisch belegt werden. Es zeigt sich auch, dass die AfD als einzige Bundestagspartei von der im November 2023 erneut als Gesetzentwurf in den Bundestag eingebrachten rückwirkenden Anhebung der absoluten Obergrenze nicht profitieren würde, da es ihr bis-her nicht gelingt, ausreichend eigene Finanzmittel aus Spenden oder Mitgliedsbei-trägen zu generieren.
description: Zeitschrift für Parteienwissenschaften, Nr. 3 (2023): Zeitschrift für Parteienwissenschaften
Exploiting lattice potentials for sorting chiral particles
Creators: name: Speer, David
name: Eichhorn, Ralf
name: Reimann, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Several ways are demonstrated of how periodic potentials can be exploited for sorting molecules or other small objects which only differ by their chirality. With the help of a static bias force, the two chiral partners can be made to move along orthogonal directions. Time-periodic external forces even lead to motion into exactly opposite directions.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures
Development of liposome as a novel adsorbent for artificial liver support system in liver failure
Creators: name: Shen, Yue
name: Wang, Yifeng
name: Shi, Yuanyuan
name: Tian, Huajun
name: Zhu, Qiuyu
name: Ding, Feng
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Marine Biology

description: Artificial liver support systems (ALSS), represented by albumin dialysis, are designed to replace the liver detoxification function and to serve as supportive therapy until liver transplantation or liver regeneration. We introduce liposome, which is majorly formed by soybean lecithin as the adsorbent nanomaterial in dialysate for the removal of protein-bound and liver failure-related solutes. The binding rate was detected by ultrafiltration column. In vitro and in vivo dialysis was performed in a recirculation system. Unconjugated bilirubin (52.83–99.87%) and bile salts (50.54–94.75%) were bound by liposomes (5–80 g/L) in a dose–response relationship. The in vitro haemodialysis model showed that the concentration of unconjugated bilirubin (45.64 ± 0.90 μmol/L vs. 54.47 ± 3.48 μmol/L, p < 0.05) and bile salts (153.75 ± 7.72 μmol/L vs. 180.72 ± 7.95 μmol/L, p < 0.05) were significantly decreased in the liposome dialysis group than in the phosphate buffer saline group. The in vivo haemodialysis model showed that 40 g/L liposome-containing dialysate led to a significant higher reduction ratio in total bilirubin (6.56 ± 5.72% vs. −1.86 ± 5.99%, p < 0.05) and more total bile acids (7.63 ± 5.27 μmol vs. 2.13 ± 2.32 μmol, p < 0.05) extracted in the dialysate in comparison with the conventional dialysate. In conclusion, the liposome-added dialysate proved to impose good extraction effects on the unconjugated bilirubin and bile salts. These findings indicate that conventional dialysate supported by this nanomaterial can markedly improve the removal of protein-bound and liver failure-related solutes, thus suggesting a novel and promising liver dialysis system.
Gibt es eine „alarmierende“ Ausbreitung rechtsextremer Einstellungen in der Bevölkerung?
Creators: name: Reuband, Karl-Heinz
Publisher: name: Zeitschrift für Parteienwissenschaften
Year: 2023

description: Der Mitte-Studie der Universität Bielefeld zufolge, die sich auf bundesweite repräsentative Bevölkerungsumfragen stützt, hat sich in der Bevölkerung der Anteil von Personen mit rechtsextremen Einstellungen von 2019 auf 2023 verdreifacht. Dies steht im Gegensatz zu Umfragen des Institut für Demoskopie, die sich in etwa auf den gleichen Zeitraum beziehen und stabile Verhältnisse erbrachten. Und es steht im Gegensatz zu Umfragen von infratest-dimap aus den Jahren 2016 und 2023, die ebenfalls konstante Verhältnisse zeigen. Periodeneffekte, die aus den unterschiedlichen Feldzeiten erwuchsen und zeitlich begrenzt wirkten, stellen eine mögliche Erklärung dar. Nachdem die Zustimmung zu rechtspopulistischen/rechtsextremen Aussagen in der Corona-Zeit zunächst zurückging, stieg sie nach Ende der Pandemie wieder an. Die Veränderungen auf der Indikatorenebene erwiesen sich im Vergleich der Zeit vor und nach der Pandemie dabei als moderat, mit Ausnahme ethnozentrischen Einstellungen, die einem etwas stärkeren Anstieg unterlagen. Von einer „alarmierenden Normalisierung von rechtsextremen Haltungen“ in der deutschen Gesellschaft – wie von manchen Medien unter Bezug auf die Mitte-Studie geschrieben wurde – kann nach den vorliegenden Daten nicht die Rede sein. Dies legt auch die Entwicklung rechtspopulistischer/rechtsextremer Einstellungen im Langzeitvergleich dar.


 


According to the „Mitte-Studie“ run by a research group at the University of Bielefeld  on the basis of nationwide surveys the proportion of people with right-wing extremist attitudes in the population of Germany has increased threefold between 2019 and 2023. This is in contrast to two other survey series, run by the Institut für Demoskopie and by infratest-dimap in the same years respectively in the years 2016 and 2023, which have shown stability rather than change. A close look at the respective indicators of right wing extremist attitudes in all three studies only reveal minor or no changes over time, with ethnocentrisms as an exception. The most likely explanation for the different findings of the surveys on change are period effects arising from the differing field periods of data collection in 2023. Period effects also seem to have an impact during the Corona-crisis when right-wing attitudes lost support for a while until the Corona period ended. Given the available data there is no sign of “normalization” of right-wing extremist attitudes in the population, in contrast to what some media have written. This is also shown by long-term trends.
description: Zeitschrift für Parteienwissenschaften, Nr. 3 (2023): Zeitschrift für Parteienwissenschaften
RECO level \sqrt{s}_{min} and subsystem \sqrt{s}_{min}: improved global inclusive variables for measuring the new physics mass scale in missing energy events at hadron colliders
Creators: name: Konar, Partha
name: Kong, Kyoungchul
name: Matchev, Konstantin T.
name: Park, Myeonghun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The variable \sqrt{s}_{min} was originally proposed in arXiv:0812.1042 as a model-independent, global and fully inclusive measure of the new physics mass scale in missing energy events at hadron colliders. In the original incarnation of \sqrt{s}_{min}, however, the connection to the new physics mass scale was blurred by the effects of the underlying event, most notably initial state radiation and multiple parton interactions. In this paper we advertize two improved variants of the \sqrt{s}_{min} variable, which overcome this problem. First we show that by evaluating the \sqrt{s}_{min} variable at the RECO level, in terms of the reconstructed objects in the event, the effects from the underlying event are significantly diminished and the nice correlation between the peak in the \sqrt{s}_{min}^{(reco)} distribution and the new physics mass scale is restored. Secondly, the underlying event problem can be avoided altogether when the \sqrt{s}_{min} concept is applied to a subsystem of the event which does not involve any QCD jets. We supply an analytic formula for the resulting subsystem \sqrt{s}_{min}^{(sub)} variable and show that its peak exhibits the usual correlation with the mass scale of the particles produced in the subsystem. Finally, we contrast \sqrt{s}_{min} to other popular inclusive variables such as H_T, M_{Tgen} and M_{TTgen}. We illustrate our discussion with several examples from supersymmetry, and with dilepton events from top quark pair production.
description: 41 pages, 26 figures
Wer ist eine Frau? Parteienrecht und geschlechtliche Selbstbestimmung
Creators: name: Rixen, Stephan
Publisher: name: Zeitschrift für Parteienwissenschaften
Year: 2023

description: Wer ist eine Frau? Diese Frage steht im Zentrum der Entscheidung des Bundesschiedsgerichts der Partei „Bündnis 90/Die Grünen“ vom 22.12.2022 (Az. BSchG 05/2022). Die Entscheidung ist ein wichtiger Beitrag zum derzeitigen gesellschaftlichen Ringen um die geschlechtsbezogene Selbstbestimmung und weist über das Parteienrecht hinaus, auch weil sie eine grundlegende rechtserkenntnistheoretische Problemdimension hat. Der Spannung zwischen dem „Prinzip der Selbstdefinition“ und objektivierender, gar „objektiver“ Überprüfung versucht das Bundesschiedsgericht gerecht zu werden, was ihm, alles in allem betrachtet, überzeugend gelingt. Vor allem wird deutlich: Verhaltensweisen, die nicht nur auf den ersten Blick „querulatorisch“ erscheinen mögen, dürfen nicht mithilfe eines großzügig eingesetzten Rechtsmissbrauchsarguments einfach vom Tisch gewischt werden, so provokant oder schräg manches auch wirken mag. Auch (vorgebliche) Nervensägen haben ein Recht darauf, gehört zu werden; sie können aber nicht beanspruchen, dass ihren Argumenten gefolgt wird.
description: Zeitschrift für Parteienwissenschaften, Nr. 3 (2023): Zeitschrift für Parteienwissenschaften
Phonon dispersion and electron-phonon interaction in peanut-shaped fullerene polymers
Creators: name: Ono, Shota
name: Shima, Hiroyuki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We reveal that the periodic radius modulation peculiar to one-dimensional (1D) peanut-shaped fullerene (C$_{60}$) polymers exerts a strong influence on their low-frequency phonon states and their interactions with mobile electrons. The continuum approximation is employed to show the zone-folding of phonon dispersion curves, which leads to fast relaxation of a radial breathing mode in the 1D C$_{60}$ polymers. We also formulate the electron-phonon interaction along the deformation potential theory, demonstrating that only a few set of electron and phonon modes yields a significant magnitude of the interaction relevant to the low-temperature physics of the system. The latter finding gives an important implication for the possible Peierls instability of the C$_{60}$ polymers suggested in the earlier experiment.
description: 9 pages, 8 figures
Schön erfolgreich in Bundestag und Bundesregierung?
Creators: name: Rosar, Ulrich
name: Althans, Roman
Publisher: name: Zeitschrift für Parteienwissenschaften
Year: 2023

description: In diesem Beitrag wird empirisch untersucht, ob die physische Attraktivität von Bundestagsabgeordneten einen Einfluss auf ihre Chance, in eine Führungsposition im Parlament oder in der Regierung zu gelangen, nehmen kann. Basierend auf den in der Attraktivitätsforschung bekannten Mechanismen und bisherigen Erkenntnissen ist hier ein positiver Effekt zu erwarten. Anhand einer Vollerhebung der Bundestagsabgeordneten nach der Regierungsbildung 2021 wird mittels logistischer Regressionen unter Kontrolle wichtiger Drittvariablen der Einfluss der physischen Attraktivität auf die Inhaberschaft einer Führungsposition insgesamt getestet. In einem zweiten Schritt wird dann der Einfluss der physischen Attraktivität auf die Inhaberschaft einzelner Führungspositionen über-prüft. Dabei zeigt sich grundsätzlich ein positiver Effekt der Attraktivität, der allerdings stärker ausfällt, je schwächer die parlamentarisch-biographische Position der*des Abgeordneten zum Zeitpunkt der Vergabe von Führungspositionen ist. Darüber hinaus scheint die physische Attraktivität vor allem dann eine Rolle zu spielen, wenn es um Führungspositionen mit besonders großer (medialer) Sichtbarkeit geht. Das könnte für einen Produktivitätsvorteil für attraktive Politiker*innen sprechen.
description: Zeitschrift für Parteienwissenschaften, Nr. 3 (2023): Zeitschrift für Parteienwissenschaften
title: Territorial Science Echo
title: Heterogene Energielandschaften in einer Grenzregion – Raum, Gesellschaft und Energie in der Großregion
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Bruns, Antje
name: Deshaies, Michel
Publisher: name: Trier University
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Grenzgebiet
subject: Deutschland
subject: Frankreich
subject: Energieversorgung
subject: Energiepolitik
subject: erneuerbare Energien
subject: internationale Verflechtung
subject: border area
subject: Germany
subject: France
subject: energy supply
subject: energy policy
subject: regenerative energy
subject: international cooperation

description: Das Working Paper beleuchtet den Themenbereich ‚Energie‘ und arbeitet Herausforderungen für die Raumentwicklung der Großregion ab. Es diskutiert den Begriff der Energiewende und legt einen Fokus auf Energiesysteme und –träger, insbesondere den Ausbau der Windkraft und Energiegewinnung aus Biomasse im Zusammenhang mit der Entwicklung fossil-atomarer Energiequellen in Deutschland und Frankreich.
title: Cross-Border territorial development
title: challenges and opportunities
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Caesar, Beate
name: Pallagst, Karina
Publisher: name: Trier University
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Grenzgebiet
subject: Raumordnnung
subject: internationale Kooperation
subject: Aufsatzsammlung
subject: migration
subject: population trend
subject: Luxembourg
subject: Lorraine

description: Die räumliche Entwicklung von Städten und Regionen wird durch Trends wie Klimawandel, demographische Veränderungen und Strukturwandel beeinflusst, welche nicht an Verwaltungsgrenzen aufhören, sondern die Entwicklung großflächiger Gebiete bestimmen. Außerdem weisen Grenzräume häufig funktionale und thematische Verflechtungen auf, die über die nationalen Grenzen hinweg bestehen. Damit verbunden sind ein regelmäßiger Austausch und Abhängigkeiten zwischen Grenzräumen und deren Bewohnern. Daher ist die Koordination der grenzüberschreitenden Raumentwicklung entscheidend für eine zukunftsorientierte und nachhaltige räumliche Entwicklung. Aufgrund seiner hohen Bedeutung wird dieses Thema von europäischen Wissenschaftlern in der ersten Ausgabe der Themenhefte Borders in Perspective aus verschiedenen Perspektiven beleuchtet.
Outflow boundary conditions for 3D simulations of non-periodic blood flow and pressure fields in deformable arteries
Creators: name: Vignon-Clementel, Irene
name: Figueroa, C. A.
name: Jansen, K. E.
name: Taylor, C. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The simulation of blood flow and pressure in arteries requires outflow boundary conditions that incorporate models of downstream domains. We previously described a coupled multidomain method to couple analytical models of the downstream domains with 3D numerical models of the upstream vasculature. This prior work either included pure resistance boundary conditions or impedance boundary conditions based on assumed periodicity of the solution. However, flow and pressure in arteries are not necessarily periodic in time due to heart rate variability, respiration, complex transitional flow or acute physiological changes. We present herein an approach for prescribing lumped parameter outflow boundary conditions that accommodate transient phenomena. We have applied this method to compute haemodynamic quantities in different physiologically relevant cardiovascular models, including patient-specific examples, to study non-periodic flow phenomena often observed in normal subjects and in patients with acquired or congenital cardiovascular disease. The relevance of using boundary conditions that accommodate transient phenomena compared with boundary conditions that assume periodicity of the solution is discussed.
Wie weiter mit der Parteiorganisation der CDU nach Merkel?
Creators: name: Höhne, Benjamin
name: Koch, Elias
Publisher: name: Zeitschrift für Parteienwissenschaften
Year: 2023

description: Der Beitrag untersucht die in der CDU diskutierten innerparteilichen Reformvorhaben sowie die entsprechenden Positionen der Kandidierenden um den Parteivorsitz auf den Regionalkonferenzen am Ende des Jahres 2018. Um die Nachfolge der langjährigen Parteivorsitzenden Angela Merkel bewarben sich Annegret Kramp-Karrenbauer, Friedrich Merz und Jens Spahn, die sich auf acht Regionalkonferenzen vorstellten. Auf Grundlage der eigens hierfür transkribierten, 201.615 Wörter umfassenden, Wortprotokolle der Regionalkonferenzen wird untersucht, welche innerparteilichen Reformvorhaben diskutiert wurden und wie sich die Kandidierenden zu ihnen positionierten. Die qualitative Analyse zeigt zum einen, dass Fragen zur innerparteilichen Demokratie, zur Rolle der Vereinigungen der CDU sowie zur Schaffung neuer Möglichkeiten der intensiveren Basisbeteiligung thematisiert wurden. Zum anderen wurden die deskriptive Repräsentation von Frauen und jüngeren Menschen in Ämtern und Mandaten debattiert – Fragestellungen, die bislang hauptsächlich in Deutschland bei Bündnisgrünen, Linken und SPD verortet wurden. Des Weiteren deuten die Ergebnisse darauf hin, dass die Positionierung der Kandidierenden auch eigennutzenorientierten Motiven folgte, die die eigene Kandidatur unterstützen. Dieser Beitrag liefert Einblicke in den diskursiven Prozess und die strategische Aufstellung der Kandidierenden bei der personellen Neubesetzung des CDU-Vorsitzes und bietet Ansatzpunkte für weiterführende Forschungsfragen im Rahmen der Leadership-Selection und Party-Change-Forschung.
description: Zeitschrift für Parteienwissenschaften, Nr. 3 (2023): Zeitschrift für Parteienwissenschaften
Relaxation and frequency shifts induced by quasiparticles in superconducting qubits
Creators: name: Catelani, G.
name: Schoelkopf, R. J.
name: Devoret, M. H.
name: Glazman, L. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: As low-loss non-linear elements, Josephson junctions are the building blocks of superconducting qubits. The interaction of the qubit degree of freedom with the quasiparticles tunneling through the junction represent an intrinsic relaxation mechanism. We develop a general theory for the qubit decay rate induced by quasiparticles, and we study its dependence on the magnetic flux used to tune the qubit properties in devices such as the phase and flux qubits, the split transmon, and the fluxonium. Our estimates for the decay rate apply to both thermal equilibrium and non-equilibrium quasiparticles. We propose measuring the rate in a split transmon to obtain information on the possible non-equilibrium quasiparticle distribution. We also derive expressions for the shift in qubit frequency in the presence of quasiparticles.
description: 25 pages, 6 figures
Linear parameter-varying control of CNC machine tool feed-drives with dynamic variations
Creators: name: Masih, Hanifzadegan
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2016

description: This thesis presents new approaches to feed-drive control of computer numerical control (CNC) machine tools machine tools with a significant range of dynamic variations during machining operations. Several sources which can cause dynamic variations of feed-drive systems are considered, such as the change of table position, the reduction of workpiece mass, and the variations of tool-path orientation. Feed-drive systems having the dynamic variations are modeled as linear parameter varying (LPV) models. For the LPV models, three control methods are proposed to achieve satisfactory control performance of feed-drive systems. In the first method, we propose a parallel structure of an LPV gain-scheduled controller which aims at both tracking control and the vibration suppression by taking into account the resonant modes' variations which are peculiar to ball-screw drives. In the second method, instead of designing one LPV controller, a set of gain-scheduled controllers are designed to compensate for a wide range of dynamic variations. In this method, switching between two adjacent controllers may result in a transient jump of control signal at switching instants. In the third method, to ensure a smooth control signal, we present a novel method to design a smooth switching gain-scheduled LPV controller. The moving region of the gain-scheduling variables is divided into a specified number of local subregions as well as subregions for the smooth controller switching. Then, one gain-scheduled LPV controller is assigned to each of the local subregions, while for each switching subregion, a function interpolating local LPV controllers associated with its neighbourhood subregions is designed. This interpolating function imposes the constraint of smooth transition on controller system matrices. The smooth switching controller design problem amounts to solving a feasibility problem which involves non-linear matrix inequalities that are solvable by a proposed iterative descent algorithm. The developed smooth switching controller is applied to control problems in both parallel and serial CNC machine tool mechanisms. Finally, for the multi-axis CNC machine tools, a multi-input-multi-output (MIMO) LPV feedback controller is designed to directly minimize contouring error in the task coordinate frame system.
Habitability of exoplanetary systems with planets observed in transit
Creators: name: Jones, Barrie W
name: Sleep, P Nick
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: (Shortened) We have used the measured properties of the stars in the 79 exoplanetary systems with one or more planets that have been observed in transit, to estimate each system's present habitability. The measured stellar properties have been used to determine the present location of the classical habitable zone (HZ). To establish habitability we use the estimated distances from the giant planet(s) within which an Earth-like planet would be inside the gravitational reach of the giant. Of the 79 transiting systems known in April 2010, only 2 do not offer safe havens to Earth-like planets in the HZ, and thus could not support life today. We have also estimated whether habitability is possible for 1.7 Gyr into the past i.e. 0.7 Gyr for a heavy bombardment, plus 1.0 Gyr for life to emerge and thus be present today. We find that, for the best estimate of each stellar age, an additional 28 systems do not offer such sustained habitability. If we reduce 1.7 Gyr to 1.0 Gyr this number falls to 22. However, if giant planets orbiting closer to the star than the inner boundary of the HZ, have got there by migration through the HZ, and if this ruled out the subsequent formation of Earth-like planets, then, of course, none of the presently known transiting exoplanetary systems offers habitability. Fortunately, this bleak conclusion could well be wrong. As well as obtaining results on the 79 transiting systems, this paper demonstrates a method for determining the habitability of the cornucopia of such systems that will surely be discovered over the next few years.
description: 20 pages, 2 Figures, 4 Tables. Accepted for publication by MNRAS
Thermoelectric Properties of Electrostatically Tunable Antidot Lattices
Creators: name: Goswami, Srijit
name: Siegert, Christoph
name: Shamim, Saquib
name: Pepper, Michael
name: Farrer, Ian
name: Ritchie, David A.
name: Ghosh, Arindam
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on the fabrication and characterization of a device which allows the formation of an antidot lattice (ADL) using only electrostatic gating. The antidot potential and Fermi energy of the system can be tuned independently. Well defined commensurability features in magnetoresistance as well as magnetothermopower are obsereved. We show that the thermopower can be used to efficiently map out the potential landscape of the ADL.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures; to appear in Appl. Phys. Lett
The optical light curve of the LMC pulsar B0540-69 in 2009
Creators: name: Gradari, S.
name: Barbieri, M.
name: Barbieri, C.
name: Naletto, G.
name: Verroi, E.
name: Occhipinti, T.
name: Zoccarato, P.
name: Germanà, C.
name: Zampieri, L.
name: Possenti, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper reports a detailed analysis of the optical light curve of PSR B0540-69, the second brightest pulsar in the visible band, obtained in 2009 (Jan. 18 and 20, and Dec. 14, 15, 16, 18) with the very high speed photon counting photometer Iqueye mounted at the ESO 3.6-m NTT in La Silla (Chile). The optical light curve derived by Iqueye shows a double structure in the main peak, with a raising edge steeper than the trailing edge. The double peak can be fitted by two Gaussians with the same height and FWHM of 13.3 and 15.5 ms respectively. Our new values of spin frequencies allow to extend by 3.5 years the time interval over which a reliable estimate of frequency first and second derivatives can be performed. A discussion of implications on the braking index and age of the pulsar is carried out. A value of n = 2.087 +/- 0.007 for the overall braking index from 1987 to 2009 is derived. The braking index corrected age is confirmed around 1700 years.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Elementary excitations in spinor polariton- electron systems
Creators: name: Kyriienko, O.
name: Shelykh, I. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider effective interactions in a 2D hybrid polariton- electron system and calculate dispersion of elementary excitations accounting the spin degree of freedom of the particles. Due to the crucial role played by the exchange term in polariton- electron interactions the dispersions of this system become spin- dependent and show unusual behavior. The coupling of the excitations of the condensate with 2D plasmon can result in appearence of roton minimum in the dispersion and destruction of the condensate for close enough situated quantum wells with electrons and excitons.
description: 8 pages, submitted to Phys. rev. B
Doping of graphene adsorbed on the a-SiO$_2$ surface
Creators: name: Miwa, R. H.
name: Schmidt, T. M.
name: Fazzio, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have performed an {\it ab initio} theoretical investigation of graphene sheet adsorbed on amorphous SiO$_2$ surface (G/a-SiO$_2$). We find that graphene adsorbs on the a-SiO$_2$ surface through van der Waals interactions. The inhomogeneous topology of the a-SiO$_2$ clean surface promotes a total charge density displacement on the adsorbed graphene sheet, giving rise to electron-rich as well as hole-rich regions on the graphene. Such anisotropic distribution of the charge density may contribute to the reduction of the electronic mobility in G/a-SiO$_2$ systems. Furthermore, the adsorbed graphene sheet exhibits a net total charge density gain. In this case, the graphene sheet becomes n-type doped, however, with no formation of chemical bonds at the graphene--SiO$_2$ interface. The electronic charge transfer from a-SiO$_2$ to the graphene sheet occurs upon the formation of a partially occupied level lying above the Dirac point. We find that such partially occupied level comes from the three-fold coordinated oxygen atoms in the a-SiO$_2$ substrate.
Holographic dark energy in Brans-Dicke cosmology with chameleon scalar field
Creators: name: Setare, M. R.
name: Jamil, Mubasher
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study a cosmological implication of holographic dark energy in the Brans-Dicke gravity. We employ the holographic model of dark energy to obtain the equation of state for the holographic energy density in non-flat (closed) universe enclosed by the event horizon measured from the sphere of horizon named $L$. Our analysis shows that one can obtain the phantom crossing scenario if the model parameter $α$ (of order unity) is tuned accordingly. Moreover, this behavior is achieved by treating the Brans-Dicke scalar field as a Chameleon scalar field and taking a non-minimal coupling of the scalar field with matter. Hence one can generate phantom-like equation of state from a holographic dark energy model in non-flat universe in the Brans-Dicke cosmology framework.
description: 8 pages, no figure
Fresnel operator, squeezed state and Wigner function for Caldirola-Kanai Hamiltonian
Creators: name: Wang, Shuai
name: Fan, Hong-Yi
name: Yuan, Hong-Chun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Based on the technique of integration within an ordered product (IWOP) of operators we introduce the Fresnel operator for converting Caldirola-Kanai Hamiltonian into time-independent harmonic oscillator Hamiltonian. The Fresnel operator with the parameters A,B,C,D corresponds to classical optical Fresnel transformation, these parameters are the solution to a set of partial differential equations set up in the above mentioned converting process. In this way the exact wavefunction solution of the Schrödinger equation governed by the Caldirola-Kanai Hamiltonian is obtained, which represents a squeezed number state. The corresponding Wigner function is derived by virtue of the Weyl ordered form of the Wigner operator and the order-invariance of Weyl ordered operators under similar transformations. The method used here can be suitable for solving Schrödinger equation of other time-dependent oscillators.
description: 6 pages, 2 figures
Strong coupling expansion Monte Carlo
Creators: name: Wolff, Ulli
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We give an overview on recently accomplished successful generalizations of `worm' or loop gas simulation methods to O(N) and CP(N-1) sigma models and to simple fermion models. Beside the advantage of (practically) eliminated critical slowing down we also explain additional opportunities to estimate some observables with extremely improved signal to noise levels.
description: Contribution to the proceedings of Lattice 2010, Sardinia, 14 pages, 7 figures
Dominance in the Monty Hall Problem
Creators: name: Gnedin, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: History and Overview (math.HO)
subject: Computer Science and Game Theory (cs.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Elementary decision-theoretic analysis of the Monty Hall dilemma shows that the problem has dominance. This makes possible to discard nonswitching strategies, without making any assumptions on the prior distribution of factors out of control of the decision maker. A path to the Bayesian and the minimax decision-making environments is then straightforward.
description: http://www.springerlink.com/content/8402812734520774/fulltext.pdf
A song of songs : a/r/tography, autoethnography, and songwriting as music education research
Creators: name: Bakan, Daniel Lowell
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2015

description: This dissertation is an a/r/tographic inquiry in which I explore how songs and stories about songwriting can serve as a means for theorizing new ways of conducting research in music education. I a/r/tographically braid music, lyrics, scholarship and research, autoethnography, and other creative analytical practices to demonstrate how songs and memories can be used as interpretive texts for understanding artistic identity and the nature of being a musician. Through a collaged and multi-modal method of inquiry, I show how music and its renderings, i.e., recordings, lyrics, videos, memories, and lived shared expressions (e.g., performance) can hold and uncover new ‘knowings’ about music making, the self, and society. Using a bricolaged métissage approach, I explore how and why the ethnographic study of autobiographical material and artistic renderings through (and about) song can broaden understandings of the lived experiences of musicians, music learners, and teachers. Supported by Pinar’s re-conceptualist theory of currere, hermeneutic epistemologies, and praxial approaches to music education, this dissertation exemplifies performative autoethnography as research through music-making. I ultimately arrive at two interwoven outcomes: 1) song may function simultaneously as the method, results, and interpretation of research; and 2) the lived experiences and ‘musicings’ of musicians may be considered as a form of artful scholarship. Digital audio and video files of six original songs are attached to this dissertation not only as data in support of the research, but also as a representation and report of findings through storied/scholarly renderings in lyric, prose, image, and music.
EXIT Chart Approximations using the Role Model Approach
Creators: name: Sayir, Jossy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Extrinsic Information Transfer (EXIT) functions can be measured by statistical methods if the message alphabet size is moderate or if messages are true a-posteriori distributions. We propose an approximation we call mixed information that constitutes a lower bound for the true EXIT function and can be estimated by statistical methods even when the message alphabet is large and histogram-based approaches are impractical, or when messages are not true probability distributions and time-averaging approaches are not applicable. We illustrate this with the hypothetical example of a rank-only message passing decoder for which it is difficult to compute or measure EXIT functions in the conventional way. We show that the role model approach (arXiv:0809.1300) can be used to optimize post-processing for the decoder and that it coincides with Monte Carlo integration in the non-parametric case. It is guaranteed to tend towards the optimal Bayesian post-processing estimator and can be applied in a blind setup with unknown code-symbols to optimize the check-node operation for non-binary Low-Density Parity-Check (LDPC) decoders.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures, to be presented at the IEEE Symposium on Information Theory (ISIT 2010) in Austin, Texas, June 2010
Cold gas in massive early-type galaxies: The case of NGC 1167
Creators: name: Struve, C.
name: Oosterloo, T. A.
name: Sancisi, R.
name: Morganti, R.
name: Emonts, B. H. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a study of the morphology and kinematics of the neutral hydrogen in the gas-rich (M_HI=1.5x10^{10}Msun), massive early-type galaxy NGC 1167, which was observed with the Westerbork Synthesis Radio Telescope (WSRT). The HI is located in a 160kpc disk (~3xD_25) and has low surface density (<2Msun pc^{-2}). The disk shows regular rotation for r<65kpc but several signs of recent and ongoing interaction and merging with fairly massive companions are observed. No population of cold gas clouds is observed - in contrast to what is found in some spiral galaxies. This suggests that currently the main mechanism bringing in cold gas to the disk is the accretion of fairly massive satellite galaxies, rather than the accretion of a large number of small gas clumps. NGC 1167 is located in a (gas-) rich environment: we detect eight companions with a total HI mass of ~6x10^9Msun within a projected distance of 350kpc. Deep optical images show a disrupted satellite at the northern edge of the HI disk. The observed rotation curve shows a prominent bump of about 50km/s (in the plane of the disk) at r=1.3xR_25. This feature in the rotation curve occurs at the radius where the HI surface density drops significantly and may be due to large-scale streaming motions in the disk. We suspect that both the streaming motions and the HI density distribution are the result of the interaction/accretion with the disrupted satellite. Like in other galaxies with wiggles and bumps in the rotation curve, HI scaling describes the observed rotation curve best. We suggest that interactions create streaming motions and features in the HI density distribution and that this is the reason for the success of HI scaling in fitting such rotation curves.
description: 17 pages, 11 figures; A&A in press
Few emitters in a cavity: From cooperative emission to individualization
Creators: name: Auffeves, A.
name: Gerace, D.
name: Portolan, S.
name: Drezet, A.
name: Santos, M. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the temporal correlations of the field emitted by an electromagnetic resonator coupled to a mesoscopic number of two-level emitters that are incoherently pumped by a weak external drive. We solve the master equation of the system for increasing number of emitters and as a function of the cavity quality factor, and we identify three main regimes characterized by well distinguished statistical properties of the emitted radiation. For small cavity decay rate, the emission events are uncorrelated and the number of photons in the emitted field becomes larger than one, resembling the build-up of a laser field inside the cavity. At intermediate decay rates (as compared to the emitter-cavity coupling) and for few emitters, the statistics of the emitted radiation is bunched and strikingly dependent on the parity of the number of emitters. The latter property is related to the cooperativity of the emitters mediated by their coupling to the cavity mode, and its connection with steady state subradiance is discussed. Finally, in the bad cavity regime the typical situation of emission from a collection of individual emitters is recovered. We also analyze how the cooperative behavior evolves as a function of pure dephasing, which allows to recover the case of a classical source made of an ensemble of independent emitters, similar to what is obtained for a very leaky cavity. State-of-art techniques of Q-switch of resonant cavities, allied with the recent capability to tune single emitters in and out of resonance, suggest this system as a versatile source of different quantum states of light.
description: 12 pages, 5 figures
Three-Dimensional Structure of the Central Region of NGC7027: A Quest for Trails of High-Velocity Jets
Creators: name: Nakashima, Jun-ichi
name: Kwok, Sun
name: Zhang, Yong
name: Koning, Nico
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on the results of a radio interferometric observation of NGC7027 in the CO J=2-1 and 13CO J=2-1 lines. The results are analyzed with morpho-kinematic models developed from the software tool Shape. Our goal is to reveal the morpho-kinematic properties of the central region of the nebula, and to explore the nature of unseen high-velocity jets that may have created the characteristic structure of the central region consisting of molecular and ionized components. A simple ellipsoidal shell model explains the intensity distribution around the systemic velocity, but the high velocity features deviate from the ellipsoidal model. Through the Shape automatic reconstruction model, we found a possible trail of a jet only in one direction, but no other possible holes were created by the passage of a jet.
description: 26 pages, 13 figures; accepted for publication in AJ; Full resolution version available at http://web.hku.hk/~junichi/paper/
Non-Profiled Deep Learning-based Side-Channel attacks with Sensitivity Analysis
Creators: name: Timon, Benjamin
Publisher: name: IACR Transactions on Cryptographic Hardware and Embedded Systems
Year: 2019

description: Deep Learning has recently been introduced as a new alternative to perform Side-Channel analysis [MPP16]. Until now, studies have been focused on applying Deep Learning techniques to perform Profiled Side-Channel attacks where an attacker has a full control of a profiling device and is able to collect a large amount of traces for different key values in order to characterize the device leakage prior to the attack. In this paper we introduce a new method to apply Deep Learning techniques in a Non-Profiled context, where an attacker can only collect a limited number of side-channel traces for a fixed unknown key value from a closed device. We show that by combining key guesses with observations of Deep Learning metrics, it is possible to recover information about the secret key. The main interest of this method is that it is possible to use the power of Deep Learning and Neural Networks in a Non-Profiled scenario. We show that it is possible to exploit the translation-invariance property of Convolutional Neural Networks [CDP17] against de-synchronized traces also during Non-Profiled side-channel attacks. In this case, we show that this method can outperform classic Non-Profiled attacks such as Correlation Power Analysis. We also highlight that it is possible to break masked implementations in black-box, without leakages combination pre-preprocessing and with no assumptions nor knowledge about the masking implementation. To carry the attack, we introduce metrics based on Sensitivity Analysis that can reveal both the secret key value as well as points of interest, such as leakages and masks locations in the traces. The results of our experiments demonstrate the interests of this new method and show that this attack can be performed in practice.
description: IACR Transactions on Cryptographic Hardware and Embedded Systems, Volume 2019, Issue 2
New Black Widows and Redbacks in the Galactic Field
Creators: name: Roberts, Mallory S. E.
name: Consortium, Fermi Pulsar Search
name: Collaboration, GBT Drift Scan Survey
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: There has recently been a large increase in the number of known eclipsing radio millisecond pulsars in the Galactic field, many of which are associated with Fermi gamma-ray sources. All are in tight binaries (P_b < 24hr) many of which are classical "black widows" with very low mass companions (M_c << 0.1 M_sol) but some are "redbacks" with probably non-degenerate low mass companions (M_c ~ 0.2 M_sol). I review the new discoveries, briefly discuss the distance uncertainties and the implications for high-energy emission.
description: 4 pages, 1 figure, to appear in AIP Conference Proceedings of Pulsar Conference 2010 "Radio Pulsars: a key to unlock the secrets of the Universe", Sardinia, October 2010
An ethnography of possibility : finding and forging 'the otherwise' in two Winnipeg-based alternative economic development communities
Creators: name: Pearce, Tyler Rebecca
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2015

description: Theoretically driven by the work of J.-K. Gibson-Graham and postcapitalist politics, the thesis draws on ethnographic research in two community organizations to explore what is possible to think and imagine in the making and everyday of two community economies. The first half of the thesis examines possibly / knowledge, or the use and impact of ideas about economy and related concepts such as rent, enterprise and social enterprise, to study how theoretical practices shape community endeavors. Chapters examine the practice of capitalocentric and “otherwise” economic ideas. The second half of the thesis examines possibility / becoming, or the moment of becoming and the processes leading up to such becoming, to study, in one case, the social relations of a group and the role of consensus-based decision making and the impact of fantasies about cooperatives and cooperation; and in the other case, the impact of ideas about the role and roll-out of policy within the training program and who shapes an organization’s ability to intervene in the local labour market.