cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
In vitro susceptibilities of Bartonella henselae, B. quintana, B. elizabethae, Rickettsia rickettsii, R. conorii, R. akari, and R. prowazekii to macrolide antibiotics as determined by immunofluorescent-antibody analysis of infected Vero cell monolayers.
Creators: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1997

description: The in vitro susceptibilities of Bartonella (Rochalimaea) henselae, B. quintana, B. elizabethae, Rickettsia akari, R. conorii, R. prowazekii, and R. rickettsii to different concentrations of azithromycin, clarithromycin, dirithromycin, erythromycin, and roxithromycin in Vero cell cultures were evaluated. Bartonella and Rickettsia spp. were allowed to initiate infection of the antibiotic-free Vero cell monolayers, which were maintained in 16-chamber microscope slides in the absence of antibiotics at 32 degrees C in a CO2-enriched atmosphere. The monolayers were then incubated for 3 h to allow for initial host cell intracellular penetration by infecting species. After inoculation, inocula were replaced and tested with media containing 12 different concentrations of each antibiotic in replicate (10 wells of each antibiotic dilution) for each species, and the monolayers were reincubated. Tetracycline served as the control. Growth status of Bartonella spp. and Rickettsia spp. was determined by evaluation of immunofluorescent staining bacilli. Five days later, when antibiotic-free, control-infected cell monolayers demonstrated significant fluorescence, media were removed for all cell monolayers, the monolayers were fixed, and all specimens were stained with standard indirect immunofluorescent antibody reagents. Fluorescent foci were enumerated by counting such foci on random fields visualized with an epifluorescence microscope. The extent of antibiotic-induced focus inhibition was recorded for each dilution of antibiotic and compared with that of an antibiotic-negative control. Effective antibiotic dilution endpoints for inhibition of Bartonella and Rickettsia proliferation, as judged by absence of increase of significant fluorescence (as compared with no-growth controls), were enumerated by determining the number of cell culture chambers at various antibiotic dilutions that were negative or positive for significant Bartonella- or Rickettsia-specific fluorescence. All of the macrolide agents tested were readily active against all three Bartonella organisms, and azithromycin, clarithromycin, and roxithromycin may have potential in the treatment of Rickettsia infections. Animal model-based clinical trials are warranted to define the specific treatment role of the newer macrolide antibiotics.
Analyzing Levels of Foreign Investment in U.S. Agricultural Land
Creators: name: Majchrowicz, T. Alexander
name: Majchrowicz, T. Alexander
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1982
Subjects: subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: Agricultural land
subject: foreign investment
subject: foreign landownership

description: Geographic clustering of foreign investment in U.S. agricultural land is observed in maps when investment data are distributed by county. Multiple regression techniques performed to test for relationships between foreign investment and readily available agricultural and economic variables do not adequately explain the variation in levels of foreign ownership among counties. The low explanatory power of the variables suggests that 1) foreign investors appear not to represent a unique subset of owners of agricultural real estate or 2) factors other than those tested may better explain the variation in foreign investment levels among counties.
Synchrotron polarization with a partially random magnetic field: general approach, and application to X-ray polarization from SNRs
Creators: name: Bandiera, Rino
name: Petruk, Oleh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Diagnostics based on the polarization properties of the synchrotron emission can provide precious information on both the ordered structure and the random level of the magnetic field. While this issue has been already analysed in the radio, the polarization data recently obtained by the mission IXPE have shown the need to extend this analysis to the X-rays. While our immediate target are young SNRs, the scope of this analysis is wider. We aim at extending the analysis to particle energy distributions more complex than a power law, as well as to investigate a wider range of cases involving a composition of ordered and random magnetic fields. Since only in a limited number of cases an analytical approach is possible, we have devised to this purpose an optimised numerical scheme, and we have directly used it to investigate particle energy distributions in the form of a power law with an exponential, or super-exponential cutoff. We have also considered a general combination of a ordered field plus an anisotropic random component. We have shown that the previously derived analytic formulae, valid for power-law distributions, may be good approximations of the polarization degree also in the more general case with a cutoff, as typically seen in X-rays. We have explicitly analysed the young SNRs SN 1006, Tycho and Cas A. In particular, for SN 1006, we have proved the consistency between the radio and X-ray polarization degrees, favouring the case of predominantly random field, with an anisotropic distribution. In addition, for the power-law case, we have investigated the effect of a compression on both ordered and random magnetic field components, aimed at describing the mid-age radio SNRs. This work allows a more efficient exploitation of radio and X-ray measurements of the synchrotron polarization, and is addressed to present observations with IXPE as well as to future projects.
description: 14 pages, 21 figures, accepted for publication on Astronomy and Astrophysics
Large deviations of the free energy in the O'Connell-Yor polymer
Creators: name: Janjigian, Chris
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We investigate large deviations of the free energy in the O'Connell-Yor polymer through a variational representation of the positive real moment Lyapunov exponents of the associated parabolic Anderson model. Our methods yield an exact formula for all real moment Lyapunov exponents of the parabolic Anderson model and a dual representation of the large deviation rate function with normalization $n$ for the free energy.
Maximizing spectral radii of uniform hypergraphs with few edges
Creators: name: Fan, Yi-Zheng
name: Tan, Ying-Ying
name: Peng, Xi-Xi
name: Liu, An-Hong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05C65, 15A18, 15A69

description: In this paper we investigate the hypergraphs whose spectral radii attain the maximum among all uniform hypergraphs with given number of edges. In particular we characterize the hypergraph(s) with maximum spectral radius over all unicyclic hypergraphs, linear or power unicyclic hypergraphs with given girth, linear or power bicyclic hypergraphs, respectively.
Sign of Green's function of Paneitz operators and the Q curvature
Creators: name: Hang, Fengbo
name: Yang, Paul C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 58J05, 53C21

description: In a conformal class of metrics with positive Yamabe invariant, we derive a necessary and sufficient condition for the existence of metrics with positive Q curvature. The condition is conformally invariant. We also prove some inequalities between the Green's functions of the conformal Laplacian operator and the Paneitz operator.
description: Typos corrected
TESS Reveals HD 118203 b to be a Transiting Planet
Creators: name: Huber, D.
name: Vanderburg, A.
name: Levine, A.M.
name: Campante, T.L.
name: Glidden, A.
name: Stassun, K.G.
name: Rose, M.
name: Mann, A.W.
name: Ricker, G.R.
name: Eastman, J.D.
name: Collins, K.A.
name: Stephens, A.W.
name: Burt, J.A.
name: Howell, S.B.
name: Hinkel, N.R.
name: Twicken, J.D.
name: Seager, S.
name: Günther, M.N.
name: Siverd, R.J.
name: Rodriguez, J.E.
name: Fetherolf, T.
name: Furlan, E.
name: Rinehart, S.
name: Jenkins, J.M.
name: Gaudi, B.S.
name: Crossfield, I.
name: Bossini, D.
name: Kane, S.R.
name: Pepper, J.
name: Latham, D.W.
name: Vanderspek, R.
name: Smith, J.C.
name: Dalba, P.A.
name: Mocnik, T.
name: Daylan, T.
name: Winn, J.N.
name: James, D.J.
Publisher: name: Institute of Physics Publishing
Year: 2020

description: The exoplanet HD 118203 b, orbiting a bright (V = 8.05) host star, was discovered using the radial velocity method by da Silva et al., but was not previously known to transit. Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) photometry has revealed that this planet transits its host star. Nine planetary transits were observed by TESS, allowing us to measure the radius of the planet to be 1.136-0.028 +0.029 R J, and to calculate the planet mass to be 2.166-0.079 +0.074 M J. The host star is slightly evolved with an effective temperature of T eff=5683-85 +84 K and a surface gravity of log\,g=3.889 0.018-0.017. With an orbital period of 6.134985-0.000030 +0.000029 days and an eccentricity of 0.314 ± 0.017, the planet occupies a transitional regime between circularized hot Jupiters and more dynamically active planets at longer orbital periods. The host star is among the 10 brightest known to have transiting giant planets, providing opportunities for both planetary atmospheric and asteroseismic studies.
Optimal Mean Reversion Trading with Transaction Costs and Stop-Loss Exit
Creators: name: Leung, Tim
name: Li, Xin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Trading and Market Microstructure (q-fin.TR)
subject: Mathematical Finance (q-fin.MF)
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: 60G40, 91G10, 62L15

description: Motivated by the industry practice of pairs trading, we study the optimal timing strategies for trading a mean-reverting price spread. An optimal double stopping problem is formulated to analyze the timing to start and subsequently liquidate the position subject to transaction costs. Modeling the price spread by an Ornstein-Uhlenbeck process, we apply a probabilistic methodology and rigorously derive the optimal price intervals for market entry and exit. As an extension, we incorporate a stop-loss constraint to limit the maximum loss. We show that the entry region is characterized by a bounded price interval that lies strictly above the stop-loss level. As for the exit timing, a higher stop-loss level always implies a lower optimal take-profit level. Both analytical and numerical results are provided to illustrate the dependence of timing strategies on model parameters such as transaction cost and stop-loss level.
Algebraic independence of Mahler functions via radial asymptotics
Creators: name: Brent, Richard P.
name: Coons, Michael
name: Zudilin, Wadim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary 11J91, Secondary 11J81, 12H10, 30B30, 33F05, 39A45, 65D20

description: We present a new method for algebraic independence results in the context of Mahler's method. In particular, our method uses the asymptotic behaviour of a Mahler function $f(z)$ as $z$ goes radially to a root of unity to deduce algebraic independence results about the values of $f(z)$ at algebraic numbers. We apply our method to the canonical example of a degree two Mahler function; that is, we apply it to $F(z)$, the power series solution to the functional equation $F(z)-(1+z+z^2)F(z^4)+z^4F(z^{16})=0$. Specifically, we prove that the functions $F(z)$, $F(z^4)$, $F'(z)$, and $F'(z^4)$ are algebraically independent over $\mathbb{C}(z)$. An application of a celebrated result of Nishioka then allows one to replace $\mathbb{C}(z)$ by $\mathbb{Q}$ when evaluating these functions at a nonzero algebraic number $α$ in the unit disc.
description: 23 pages, 1 figure
Quasiclassical theory of disordered Rashba superconductors
Creators: name: Houzet, Manuel
name: Meyer, Julia S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive the quasiclassical equations that describe two-dimensional superconductors with a large Rashba spin-orbit coupling and in the presence of impurities. These equations account for the helical phase induced by an in-plane magnetic field, with a superconducting order parameter that is spatially modulated along a direction perpendicular to the field. We also derive the generalized Ginzburg-Landau functional, which includes a linear-in-gradient term corresponding to the helical phase. This theory paves the way for studies of the proximity effect in two-dimensional electron gases with large spin-orbit coupling.
description: 6 pages, 1 figure
Additional file 1: of Vector-borne disease and climate change adaptation in African dryland social-ecological systems
Creators: name: Wilcox, Bruce
name: Echaubard, Pierre
name: Garine-Wichatitsky, Michel
name: Ramirez, Bernadette
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Multilingual abstracts in the five official working languages of the United Nations. (PDF 545 kb)
Anti-Pneumocystis Activities of Aromatic Diamidoxime Prodrugs
Creators: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1998

description: Aromatic dicationic compounds, such as pentamidine, have potent antimicrobial activities. Clinical use of these compounds has been restricted, however, by their toxicity and limited oral activity. A novel approach, using amidoxime derivatives as prodrugs, has recently been proposed to overcome these limitations. Although results were presented for amidoxime derivatives of only one diamidine, pentamidine, the authors in the original proposal claimed that amidoxime derivatives would work as effective prodrugs for all pharmacologically active diamidines. Nine novel amidoxime derivatives were synthesized and tested in the present study for activity against Pneumocystis carinii in corticosteroid-suppressed rats. Only three of the nine compounds had significant oral anti-Pneumocystis activity. The bisbenzamidoxime derivatives of three direct pentamidine analogs had excellent oral and intravenous activities and reduced acute host toxicity. These compounds are not likely candidates for future drug development, however, because they have chronic toxic effects and the active amidine compounds have multiple sites susceptible to oxidative metabolism, which complicates their pharmacology and toxicology. Novel diamidoximes from three other structural classes, containing different groups linking the cationic moieties, lacked significant oral or intravenous anti-Pneumocystis activity, even though the corresponding diamidines were very active intravenously. Both active and inactive amidoximes were readily metabolized to the corresponding amidines by cell-free liver homogenates. Thus, the amidoxime prodrug approach may provide a strategy to exploit the potent antimicrobial and other pharmacological activities of selected, but certainly not all, aromatic diamidines.
Comparative Efficacy Evaluation of Dicationic Carbazole Compounds, Nitazoxanide, and Paromomycin against Cryptosporidium parvum Infections in a Neonatal Mouse Model
Creators: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1998

description: The efficacies of dicationic carbazole compounds, nitazoxanide (NTZ), and paromomycin were evaluated against the AUCp1 isolate of Cryptosporidium parvum by using a neonatal mouse model. Compounds were solubilized or suspended in deionized water and administered orally by gavage to neonatal mice at a constant dose rate on days 0 to 5 (treatment started on day 0). Dose rates varied for individual carbazole compounds but ranged from 0.65 to 20 mg/kg of body weight. NTZ was tested at 100 and 150 mg/kg, and paromomycin was tested at 50 mg/kg. Efficacies were determined by comparing numbers of oocysts present in treated versus control mice at necropsy examination on day 6. Demonstrable efficacy was observed for several carbazole compounds, based on significant reductions in the numbers of oocysts recovered from treated mice versus control mice. Compounds 1, 7, and 10 (19.0 mg/kg) reduced oocyst passage in treated mice to less than 5% of that in control mice. Treatment with compounds 6, 8, and 9 (17.0 mg/kg) resulted in reductions of oocyst output to less than 10% of that in controls. Although they were not comparable in efficacy to compounds 1, 6, 7, 8, 9, and 10, treatment with other carbazole compounds resulted in statistically significant reductions in oocyst output in treated versus control mice. Compound 1 retained efficacy resulted in reduction of oocyst output to approximately 6% of that in controls when the dose was reduced to 5 mg/kg. Further reductions in the dose rate resulted in considerable reductions in anticryposporidial activity. Likewise, the efficacies of compounds 9 and 10 were reduced substantially when the doses were lowered to one-half the screening dose. Paromomycin yielded excellent activity (reduction of oocyst output to <2% of that in controls) at a dose of 50 mg/kg. NTZ yielded moderate efficacy as powder and injectable formulations administered at 100 mg/kg orally (reduction of oocyst output to 42 and 26% of that in controls, respectively). Oral administration of the injectable formulation of NTZ at a dose of 150 mg/kg resulted in improved efficacy (oocyst output, <5% of that in controls).
TOI-677b: A Warm Jupiter (P = 11.2 days) on an Eccentric Orbit Transiting a Late F-type Star
Creators: name: Bayliss, D.
name: Jenkins, J.M.
name: Addison, B.
name: Vanderspek, R.
name: Torres, P.
name: Okumura, J.
name: Kielkopf, J.F.
name: Brahm, R.
name: Ziegler, C.
name: Wang, S.
name: Winn, J.N.
name: Mann, A.W.
name: Ricker, G.
name: Nandakumar, S.
name: Jordán, A.
name: Kane, S.R.
name: Espinoza, N.
name: Barclay, T.
name: Shporer, A.
name: Torres, P.
name: Morton, T.D.
name: Guerrero, N.
name: Wittenmyer, R.A.
name: Bouma, L.
name: Brahm, R.
name: Eastman, J.D.
name: Shahaf, S.
name: Drass, H.
name: Barbieri, M.
name: Crossfield, I.
name: Brahm, R.
name: Jones, M.I.
name: Seager, S.
name: Rabus, M.
name: Trifonov, T.
name: Tinney, C.G.
name: Bowler, B.P.
name: Daylan, T.
name: Mazeh, T.
name: Plavchan, P.
name: Rojas, F.
name: Henning, T.
name: Mengel, M.W.
name: Kossakowski, D.
name: Henze, C.E.
name: Hart, R.
name: Horner, J.
name: Dragomir, D.
name: Davis, A.
name: Sarkis, P.
name: Latham, D.W.
name: Ting, E.B.
name: Rojas, F.
name: Jordán, A.
name: Barclay, T.
name: Rabus, M.
Publisher: name: Institute of Physics Publishing
Year: 2020

description: We report the discovery of TOI-677 b, first identified as a candidate in light curves obtained within Sectors 9 and 10 of the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) mission and confirmed with radial velocities. TOI-677 b has a mass of The host star has a mass of a radius of Gyr and solar metallicity, properties consistent with a main-sequence late-F star with K. We find evidence in the radial velocity measurements of a secondary long-term signal, which could be due to an outer companion. The TOI-677 b system is a well-suited target for Rossiter-Mclaughlin observations that can constrain migration mechanisms of close-in giant planets.
Error Bounds and Holder Metric Subregularity
Creators: name: Kruger, Alexander Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 49J52, 49J53, 58C06, 47H04, 54C60

description: The Holder setting of the metric subregularity property of set-valued mappings between general metric or Banach/Asplund spaces is investigated in the framework of the theory of error bounds for extended real-valued functions of two variables. A classification scheme for the general Holder metric subregularity criteria is presented. The criteria are formulated in terms of several kinds of primal and subdifferential slopes.
description: 32 pages. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1405.1130
Magnetic Inflation and Stellar Mass. V. Intensification and Saturation of M-dwarf Absorption Lines with Rossby Number
Creators: name: Mann, A.W.
name: Newton, E.R.
name: Muirhead, P.S.
name: Theissen, C.A.
name: Veyette, M.J.
Publisher: name: IOP Publishing Ltd
Year: 2020

description: In young Sun-like stars and field M-dwarf stars, chromospheric and coronal magnetic activity indicators such as Hα, X-ray, and radio emission are known to saturate with low Rossby number (Ro ≲ 0.1), defined as the ratio of rotation period to convective turnover time. The mechanism for the saturation is unclear. In this paper, we use photospheric Ti i and Ca i absorption lines in the Y band to investigate magnetic field strength in M dwarfs for Rossby numbers between 0.01 and 1.0. The equivalent widths of the lines are magnetically enhanced by photospheric spots, a global field, or a combination of the two. The equivalent widths behave qualitatively similar to the chromospheric and coronal indicators: we see increasing equivalent widths (increasing absorption) with decreasing Ro and saturation of the equivalent widths for Ro ≲ 0.1. The majority of M dwarfs in this study are fully convective. The results add to mounting evidence that the magnetic saturation mechanism occurs at or beneath the stellar photosphere.
Heavy Higgs signal-background interference in gg --> VV in the Standard Model plus real singlet
Creators: name: Kauer, Nikolas
name: O'Brien, Claire
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: For the Standard Model extended with a real scalar singlet field, the modification of the heavy Higgs signal due to interference with the continuum background and the off-shell light Higgs contribution is studied for gg --> ZZ, WW --> 4 lepton processes at the Large Hadron Collider. Interference effects can range from O(10%) to O(1) effects for integrated cross sections. Despite a strong cancellation between the heavy Higgs-continuum and the heavy Higgs-light Higgs interference, the full interference is clearly non-negligible and modifies the heavy Higgs line shape. A |M_VV - M_h2| < Gamma_h2 cut mitigates interference effects to O(10%) or less. A public program that allows to simulate the full interference is presented.
description: 22 pages, 15 figures, 9 tables; added results and references, improved discussion, corrected v2 results (heavy top approximation was inadvertently active, results deviate by less than 5%), conclusions unchanged, updated gg2VV code, version to appear in EPJC
In Vitro Antifungal Activities of a Series of Dication-Substituted Carbazoles, Furans, and Benzimidazoles
Creators: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1998

description: Aromatic dicationic compounds possess antimicrobial activity against a wide range of eucaryotic pathogens, and in the present study an examination of the structures-functions of a series of compounds against fungi was performed. Sixty-seven dicationic molecules were screened for their inhibitory and fungicidal activities against Candida albicans and Cryptococcus neoformans. The MICs of a large number of compounds were comparable to those of the standard antifungal drugs amphotericin B and fluconazole. Unlike fluconazole, potent inhibitory compounds in this series were found to have excellent fungicidal activities. The MIC of one of the most potent compounds against C. albicans was 0.39 μg/ml, and it was the most potent compound against C. neoformans (MIC, ≤0.09 μg/ml). Selected compounds were also found to be active against Aspergillus fumigatus, Fusarium solani, Candida species other than C. albicans, and fluconazole-resistant strains of C. albicans and C. neoformans. Since some of these compounds have been safely given to animals, these classes of molecules have the potential to be developed as antifungal agents.
Structure-In Vitro Activity Relationships of Pentamidine Analogues and Dication-Substituted Bis-Benzimidazoles as New Antifungal Agents
Creators: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1998

description: Twenty analogues of pentamidine, 7 primary metabolites of pentamidine, and 30 dicationic substituted bis-benzimidazoles were screened for their inhibitory and fungicidal activities against Candida albicans and Cryptococcus neoformans. A majority of the compounds had MICs at which 80% of the strains were inhibited (MIC80s) comparable to those of amphotericin B and fluconazole. Unlike fluconazole, many of these compounds were found to have potent fungicidal activity. The most potent compound against C. albicans had an MIC80 of ≤0.09 μg/ml, and the most potent compound against C. neoformans had an MIC80 of 0.19 μg/ml. Selected compounds were also found to be active against Aspergillus fumigatus, Fusarium solani, Candida species other than C. albicans, and fluconazole-resistant strains of C. albicans and C. neoformans. It is clear from the data presented here that further studies on the structure-activity relationships, mechanisms of action and toxicities, and in vivo efficacies of these compounds are warranted to determine their clinical potential.
Three-in-one: exploration of co-encapsulation of Cabazitaxel, Bicalutamide and Chlorin e6 in new mixed Cyclodextrin-crosslinked polymers
Creators: name: Manet, Ilse gert Julia
name: Malanga, Milo
name: Venturini, Alessandro
name: Mazza, Arianna
name: Agnes, Marco
name: Veclani, Daniele
name: Pancani, Elisabetta
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: cyclodextrin polymer
cabazitaxel
photosensitizer chlorin e6
photodynamic therapy
drug delivery
nanomedicine

description: this publication is the accepted version  of the article with DOI 10.1039/D3RA01782F at: https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlelanding/2023/ra/d3ra01782f
 
description: Abstract
We explored a series of Cyclodextrin (CyD) polymers composed either of a single CyD type or a mixture of two CyD types to encapsulate simultaneously different compounds with therapeutic potential of interest for multimodal prostate cancer treatment. New mixed CyD polymers were prepared in alkaline water starting from the naturally occurring monomers and a low-cost crosslinking agent. Batches of 200g of polymer were easily obtained. By means of optical spectroscopy we proved the co-encapsulation of 3 compounds in the polymers: the drugs Cabazitaxel (CBX) and Bicalutamide (BIC), and the photosensitizer Chlorin e6 (Ce6). pbCyD and mixed pabCyD polymers performed best for single drug solubilization. In the co-encapsulation of BIC and CBX by pbCyD and pabCyD, pbCyD outstands in drug solubilization ability. Avoiding the use of organic solvents, it was possible to dissolve up to 0,1 mM CBX with 10 mg/ml pbCyD polymer and, with 100 mg/ml, even 1,7 mM of BIC, a 100-fold improvement compared to water. Spectroscopic studies afforded the binding constants of CBX and BIC with pbCyD forming complexes of 1:2 stoichiometry (drug:CyD) and CBX displaying significantly higher affinity. Also DFT calculations suggested that the drugs are more stable when complexed by two CyD units. Ce6 could be encapsulated simultaneously with the other two drugs in pbCyD and, most importantly, is able to produce singlet oxygen efficiently. Thanks to a single inexpensive CyD-based polymer we were able to produce a three-in-one platform for future implementation of combined chemotherapy and photodynamic therapy. These achievements are most relevant as nanomedicines are continuously proposed but their potential for translation to the pharma industry is compromised by their limited potential for industrial upscale.
Tolerance and Pharmacokinetic Interactions of Rifabutin and Clarithromycin in Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Infected Volunteers
Creators: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1998

description: This study evaluated the tolerance and potential pharmacokinetic interactions between clarithromycin (500 mg every 12 h) and rifabutin (300 mg daily) in clinically stable human immunodeficiency virus-infected volunteers with CD4 counts of 3. Thirty-four subjects were randomized equally to either regimen A or regimen B. On days 1 to 14, subjects assigned to regimen A received clarithromycin and subjects assigned to regimen B received rifabutin, and then both groups received both drugs on days 15 to 42. Of the 14 regimen A and the 15 regimen B subjects who started combination therapy, 1 subject in each group prematurely discontinued therapy due to toxicity, but 19 of 29 subjects reported nausea, vomiting, and/or diarrhea. Pharmacokinetic analysis included data for 11 regimen A and 14 regimen B subjects. Steady-state pharmacokinetic parameters for single-agent therapy (day 14) and combination therapy (day 42) were compared. Regimen A resulted in a mean decrease of 44% (P = 0.003) in the clarithromycin area under the plasma concentration-time curve (AUC), while there was a mean increase of 57% (P = 0.004) in the AUC of the clarithromycin metabolite 14-OH-clarithromycin. Regimen B resulted in a mean increase of 99% (P = 0.001) in the rifabutin AUC and a mean increase of 375% (P < 0.001) in the AUC of the rifabutin metabolite 25-O-desacetyl-rifabutin. The usefulness of this combination for prophylaxis of Mycobacterium avium infections is limited by frequent gastrointestinal adverse events. Coadministration of clarithromycin and rifabutin results in significant bidirectional pharmacokinetic interactions. The resulting increase in rifabutin levels may explain the increased frequency of uveitis observed with concomitant use of these drugs.
HST Images Reveal Dramatic Changes in the Core of IRC+10216
Creators: name: Kim, Hyosun
name: Lee, Ho-Gyu
name: Mauron, Nicolas
name: Chu, You-Hua
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: IRC+10216 is the nearest carbon star with a very high mass-loss rate. The existence of a binary companion has been hinted by indirect observational evidence, such as the bipolar morphology of its nebula and a spiral-like pattern in its circumstellar material; however, to date, no companion has been identified. We have examined archival Hubble Space Telescope images of IRC+10216, and find that the images taken in 2011 exhibit dramatic changes in its innermost region from those taken at earlier epochs. The scattered light is more spread out in 2011. After proper motion correction, the brightest peak in 2011 is close to, but not coincident with, the dominant peak in previous epochs. A fainter point-like object was revealed at about 0.5 arcsec from this brightest peak. We suggest that these changes at the core of IRC+10216 are caused by dissipation of intervening circumstellar dust, as indicated by the brightening trend in the lightcurve extracted from the Catalina photometric survey. We tentatively identify the brightest peak in 2011 as the primary star of IRC+10216 and the fainter point-like source as a companion. The cause of non-detections of the companion candidate in earlier epochs is uncertain. These identifications need to be verified by monitoring of the core of IRC+10216 at high resolution in the future.
description: 13 pages, 3 figures, accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal Letters
In Vitro Activities of Designed Antimicrobial Peptides against Multidrug-Resistant Cystic Fibrosis Pathogens
Creators: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1999

description: The emergence of multidrug-resistant pathogens renders antibiotics ineffective in the treatment of lung infections in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF). Designed antimicrobial peptides (DAPs) are laboratory-synthesized peptide antibiotics that demonstrate a wide spectrum of antibacterial activity. Optimal conditions for susceptibility testing of these peptides have not yet been established. Medium composition is clearly a major factor influencing the results and reproducibilities of susceptibility tests. Using time-kill assays, we tested the effects of different media and buffers on the bactericidal activities of the peptides D2A21 and D4E1 on Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853. Each peptide at 1 and 5 μM was incubated with bacteria in the different media and buffers. Both peptides were most active in Tris-HCl buffer against S. aureus and P. aeruginosa. Among the more complex media tested, modified RPMI medium was the medium in which the peptides demonstrated the highest activity, while it supported the growth of the bacteria. The broth microdilution technique was used to test the activities of D2A21 and D4E1 in modified RPMI medium against multidrug-resistant pathogens from patients with CF. The MICs of DAPs for methicillin-resistant S. aureus ranged from 0.25 to 4 μg/ml, those for multidrug-resistant P. aeruginosa ranged from 0.125 to 4 μg/ml, those for Stenotrophomonas maltophilia ranged from 0.5 to 32 μg/ml, and those for Burkholderia cepacia ranged from 32 to ≥64 μg/ml. When the activity of peptide D2A21 was compared with that of the tracheal antimicrobial peptide (TAP), D2A21 had greater potency than TAP against P. aeruginosa. In addition, no difference in the MICs of D2A21 was seen when it was tested in nutrient broth supplemented with NaCl at different concentrations. Thus, DAPs are a class of salt-insensitive antibiotics potentially useful in the treatment of CF patients harboring multidrug-resistant P. aeruginosa.
Counting K_4-Subdivisions
Creators: name: Miltzow, Tillmann
name: Schmidt, Jens M.
name: Xia, Mingji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Discrete Mathematics (cs.DM)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: A fundamental theorem in graph theory states that any 3-connected graph contains a subdivision of $K_4$. As a generalization, we ask for the minimum number of $K_4$-subdivisions that are contained in every $3$-connected graph on $n$ vertices. We prove that there are $Ω(n^3)$ such $K_4$-subdivisions and show that the order of this bound is tight for infinitely many graphs. We further investigate a better bound in dependence on $m$ and prove that the computational complexity of the problem of counting the exact number of $K_4$-subdivisions is $\#P$-hard.
description: 5 figures
Population Pharmacokinetics of Lamivudine in Adult Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Infected Patients Enrolled in Two Phase III Clinical Trials
Creators: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1999

description: Lamivudine population pharmacokinetics were investigated by using nonlinear mixed-effect modelling (NONMEM) analysis of data from 394 human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients treated with lamivudine (150 to 300 mg every 12 h) in two large, phase III clinical efficacy-safety trials, NUCA3001 and NUCA3002. Analyses of 1,477 serum lamivudine concentration determinations showed that population estimates for lamivudine oral clearance (CL/F; 25.1 liters/h) and volume of distribution (V/F; 128 liters) were similar to values previously reported for HIV-infected patients in phase I pharmacokinetic studies. Lamivudine CL/F was significantly influenced by the covariates creatinine clearance and weight and not affected by age, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) classification, CD4+ cell count, HIV type 1 (HIV-1) RNA PCR, or gender and race when CL/F was corrected for differences in patient weight. The population estimate for lamivudine V/F was not significantly influenced by the covariates gender, race, age, weight, renal function, HIV-1 RNA PCR, or CDC classification and CD4+ cell count when creatinine clearance was included with CL/F in the model. Lamivudine disposition was significantly influenced by renal function. However, as only three patients had an estimated creatinine clearance of <60 ml/min, dosage adjustments for patients with impaired renal function should not be determined based on the population parameters derived in this analysis.
Foreign Ownership of U.S. Agricultural Land Through December 31, 1982: County Level Data
Creators: name: Majchrowicz, T. Alexander
name: DeBraal, J. Peter
name: Majchrowicz, T. Alexander
name: DeBraal, J. Peter
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1983
Subjects: subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: Agricultural land
subject: foreign investment
subject: foreign landownership
subject: county data

description: Foreign investment in U.S. agricultural land has been reported in 1,794 of the 3,041 counties in the United States. Data are presented for each county to show the number of acres and parcels, value, country of origin, and use of foreign-owned agricultural land. Aggregation of the data at the county level supplements "Foreign Ownership of U.S. Agricultural Land Through December 31, 1982," ERS Staff Report AGES830310.
MPEC 2023-F213 : 2023 FL7
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2023 FL7

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Effect of Accelerated Hydrothermal Aging on the Strength and Water Vapour Transmission Rate of Moisture Barriers used in Firefighters’ Protective Clothing
Creators: Munevar-Ortiz, Laura
Nychka, John A.
Dolez, Patricia I.
Publisher: name: University of Alberta Library
Year: 2022

Conference Abstract. Part of the Proceedings of the Canadian Society for Mechanical Engineering International Congress 2022.
Do minimum parking requirements matter?
Creators: name: Jones-Meyer, Stephen Nathan
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 2022
Subjects: Minimum parking requirements
Parking policy
Transportation planning
Affordable housing

description: A central thesis of contemporary urban planning policy is that minimum parking requirements (MPRs) directly cause an oversupply of off-street parking. This thesis assumes that MPRs bind real estate developer decisions regarding how much parking to provide in a given project and force them to construct more parking than they otherwise would in an environment free of such a constraint. Proponents of off-street parking policy reform propose deregulating parking requirements and allowing developers to respond to real estate market indicators. The removal of MPR, it is assumed, would leave developers free to determine how much or how little parking to provide based on the needs of their own project. Much of the existing literature has focused on the negative effects of too much off-street parking supply and the potential benefits of deregulation. Yet far fewer studies have interrogated the relationship between MPRs and real estate developer’s decisions. The purpose of this study is twofold. First, it seeks to better understand how these questions have been addressed in existing research. Second, it examines how developers have responded to changes in minimum parking requirements in the city of Austin, Texas. This study reveals that it is possible to improve parking research by identifying treatment and control groups. By doing so, we see that parking supply behaves differently under various reduction programs and in different geographic regions. When no reduction is provided, we see close adherence to the MPR in the aggregate even though some developments propose much more than required. Parking supply, being a voluntary choice of the developer, appears to sometimes be influenced by the MPR. Other times, the MPR does not seem to matter.
A Standardized Plaque Reduction Assay for Determination of Drug Susceptibilities of Cytomegalovirus Clinical Isolates
Creators: name: Brambilla, D.
name: Weinberg, A.
name: Biron, K.
name: Erice, A.
name: Manischewitz, J.
name: Reichelderfer, P.
name: Yen-Lieberman, B.
name: Chou, S.
name: Crumpacker, C.
name: Spector, S.
name: Gilliam, B.
name: Lurain, N.
name: Drew, W. L.
name: Nokta, M.
name: Britt, W.
name: Miner, R.
name: Stanat, S.
name: Jokela, J.
name: Landry, M. L.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2000

description: Twelve laboratories collaborated in formulating and testing a standardized plaque reduction assay for cytomegalovirus (CMV) cell-associated clinical isolates. Four characterized and plaque-purified CMV strains, as well as six coded clinical isolates obtained after antiviral therapy, were distributed and tested. Good agreement was obtained for four of the clinical isolates, but a broad distribution of results was obtained for two isolates. Analysis of these results indicates the problems associated with clinical isolates, including the large genetic variability and the highly cell-associated phenotype. This collaborative effort, by addressing these problems, represents a significant step toward the development of a standardized assay.
Policy document on the role of seed transmission on viral disease spread to Europe
Creators: name: Gowda, M.
name: Dombrovsky, A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: Deliverable 4.2 investigated the possibilities for the long-distance dispersal of viruses via seed. We focused our work on the two fast spreading viruses in Europe: the tomato leaf curl New Delhi virus (ToLCNDV) and tomato brown rugose fruit virus (ToBRFV). We investigated both ‘seed-borne’ and ‘seed-transmitted’ nature of both viruses.The H2020 project VIRTIGATION - Emerging viral diseases in tomatoes and cucurbits: Implementation of mitigation strategies for durable disease management - has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under Grant Agreement No. 101000570.
ГЕОФИЗИЧЕСКИЕ МЕТОДЫ РАЗВЕДКИ УРАНОВЫХ МЕСТОРОЖДЕНИЙ
Creators: name: Ядгаров, Исломбек
name: Мирходжаев, Б. И.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: Рассмотрены основные геофизические методы, используемые для разведки урановых месторождений, включая радиометрические, магнитные, гравиметрические и геоэлектрические подходы. Отмечены их преимущества с точки зрения экономической эффективности и экологической безопасности. Обоснована важность применения интегрированных подходов для повышения точности прогнозов и минимизации воздействия на окружающую среду.
Additional file 1: of How Thailand eliminated lymphatic filariasis as a public health problem
Creators: name: Sunsanee Rojanapanus
name: Tanaporn Toothong
name: Patcharida Boondej
name: Suwich Thammapalo
name: Naraporn Khuanyoung
name: Weena Santabutr
name: Preecha Prempree
name: Deyer Gopinath
name: Kapa Ramaiah
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Multilingual abstracts in the five official working languages of the United Nations. (PDF 691 kb)
Determinants of Ceftazidime Clearance by Continuous Venovenous Hemofiltration and Continuous Venovenous Hemodialysis
Creators: name: Matzke, G. R.
name: Joy, M. S.
name: Palevsky, P. M.
name: Frye, R. F.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2000

description: Although several dosage adjustment regimens have been proposed, there is little quantitative information to guide the initiation of ceftazidime therapy in patients who are receiving continuous renal replacement therapy. To determine the clearance of ceftazidime by continuous venovenous hemofiltration (CVVH) and continuous venovenous hemodialysis (CVVHD), we performed controlled clearance studies with stable hemodialysis patients with three hemofilters: a 0.6-m2 acrylonitrile copolymer (AN69; Hospal) filter, a 2.1-m2 polymethylmethacrylate filter (PMMA; Toray) filter and a 0.65-m2 polysulfone (PS; Fresenius) filter. Subjects received 1,000 mg of ceftazidime intravenously prior to the start of a clearance study. The concentration of ceftazidime in multiple plasma and dialysate or ultrafiltrate samples was determined by high-performance liquid chromatography. The diffusional clearances (CIdiffusion) and sieving coefficients of ceftazidime were compared by a mixed-model repeated-measures analysis of variance with filter and blood, dialysate inflow, or ultrafiltration rate as the main effect and the patient as a random effect. The fraction of ceftazidime bound to plasma proteins was 17% ± 7% (range, 10 to 25%). The clearances of ceftazidime, urea, and creatinine by CVVHD were essentially constant at blood flow rates of 75 to 250 ml/min for all three filters. Significant linear relationships (P < 0.0001) were observed between CIdiffusion of ceftazidime and clearance of urea for all three filters: AN69 (slope = 0.83), PMMA (slope = 0.89), and PS (slope = 1.03). Ceftazidime clearance was membrane independent during CVVH and CVVHD. CVVH and CVVHD can significantly augment the clearance of ceftazidime. Dosing strategies for initiation of ceftazidime therapy in patients receiving CVVH and CVVHD are proposed.