cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Experimental investigation of planar ion traps
Creators: name: Pearson, C. E.
name: Leibrandt, D. R.
name: Bakr, W. S.
name: Mallard, W. J.
name: Brown, K. R.
name: Chuang, I. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Chiaverini et al. [Quant. Inf. Comput. 5, 419 (2005)] recently suggested a linear Paul trap geometry for ion trap quantum computation that places all of the electrodes in a plane. Such planar ion traps are compatible with modern semiconductor fabrication techniques and can be scaled to make compact, many zone traps. In this paper we present an experimental realization of planar ion traps using electrodes on a printed circuit board to trap linear chains of tens of 0.44 micron diameter charged particles in a vacuum of 15 Pa (0.1 torr). With these traps we address concerns about the low trap depth of planar ion traps and develop control electrode layouts for moving ions between trap zones without facing some of the technical difficulties involved in an atomic ion trap experiment. Specifically, we use a trap with 36 zones (77 electrodes) arranged in a cross to demonstrate loading from a traditional four rod linear Paul trap, linear ion movement, splitting and joining of ion chains, and movement of ions through intersections. We further propose an additional DC biased electrode above the trap which increases the trap depth dramatically, and a novel planar ion trap geometry that generates a two dimensional lattice of point Paul traps.
description: 11 pages, 20 figures
Racial Discrimination in Nationality Laws
Creators: name: Foster, Michelle
name: Baker, Timnah Rachel
Publisher: name: Columbia Journal of Race and Law
Year: 2021

description: Statelessness has historically been overlooked by the international community, but it is now a significant focus of the work of academics, advocates, and international institutions. The United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees’ campaign to end statelessness by 2024 is now past its half-way point. Yet, while it is understood that statelessness is often the result of systemic racial discrimination, the relationship between statelessness, nationality laws, and international norms of racial non-discrimination has received very little scholarly attention. This Article addresses the lacuna in existing legal scholarship, and indeed in jurisprudential analysis, of racial discrimination in nationality matters, by undertaking the first in-depth examination of the history, interpretation, and application of Article 1(3) of the International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination (ICERD), and its consistency with the jus cogens prohibition on racial discrimination. While focused explicitly on a particular treaty provision, this analysis raises larger and vital questions about race, nationality, and statelessness—matters that are historically pertinent and have profound ongoing relevance. The Article provides a principled, doctrinal interpretive framework within which to “read down” the problematic Article 1(3) so that the ICERD may be invoked to combat racially discriminatory nationality laws. The clarification and articulation of legal norms around Article 1(3), and a justification for its narrow interpretation, add to the existing legal tools for combatting discriminatory citizenship deprivation and denial and narrowing the boundaries of state discretion.
description: Columbia Journal of Race and Law, Vol. 11 No. 1 (2021)
Adopting the Cumulative Harm Framework to Address Second-Generation Discrimination
Creators: name: Galván, Nicolás Quaid
Publisher: name: Columbia Journal of Race and Law
Year: 2021

description: Analytical frameworks of constitutional review vary. One framework is the “cumulative harm framework.” This method examines the entirety of harm experienced by an individual to determine whether the harms rise to the level of a constitutional violation. For example, in the context of one’s right to a fair trial, a reviewing court will aggregate the harm from each error committed at trial. Here, a reviewing court may find that the total harm resulting from the accumulation of all errors may have deprived the defendant’s right to a fair trial—even if each error in isolation would not. Another analytical framework is the “sequential approach.” This framework reviews each harm experienced by the individual in isolation to determine whether each harm independently violated an individual’s rights. For example, if the sequential approach was applied to the scenario above, a reviewing court would examine an error at trial and assess whether that specific error deprived the defendant’s right to a fair trial. If this specific harm is insufficient for a constitutional violation, a reviewing court would then examine the subsequent error at trial and conduct the same analysis. Under the sequential approach, even if the trial was saturated with minor errors—each of which were insufficiently egregious to result in an unfair trial—a defendant would not be entitled to a new trial. A reviewing court’s analytical framework, therefore, can alter the outcome of a case. This Note analyzes different applications of the cumulative harm framework and the sequential approach. It then evaluates the advantages and disadvantages of the cumulative harm framework. This Note concludes by arguing for broader adoption of the cumulative harm framework, particularly as an effective tool in addressing second-generation discrimination faced by minorities and people of color
description: Columbia Journal of Race and Law, Vol. 11 No. 1 (2021)
GRB Progenitors and Environment
Creators: name: Lazzati, Davide
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The study and knowledge of the environment of Gamma-Ray Bursts is of great interest from many points of view. For high redshift (z>0.5) events, the structure of the ambient medium is one of the best indicators of the nature and properties of the progenitor. It also tells us about the last stages of the pre-explosion evolution of the progenitor. In addition, it is interesting in its own as a sample of the interstellar medium in a high redshift galaxy. Measures of the density and structure of the GRB environment are however sparse, and different methods yield different, often incompatible, results. I will review the methods and results with particular emphasis on the case of GRB 021004, a puzzling but highly informative event. I will finally underline the advancements that will be possible in the Swift era.
description: Invited review at the 4th Workshop Gamma-Ray Bursts in the Afterglow Era, Rome,18-22 October 2004. Editors: L. Piro, L. Amati, S. Covino, and B. Gendre. Il Nuovo Cimento, in press
Environmental Justice and Pennsylvania's Environmental Rights Amendment
Creators: name: Elkin, Jacob
Publisher: name: Columbia Journal of Race and Law
Year: 2021

description: Since the 1970s, there has been a growing awareness that environmental hazards are disproportionately sited in low-income communities and communities of color. Under the label of the environmental justice movement, community groups have pursued various means to fight against the discriminatory concentration of environmental burdens in their neighborhoods. Yet in its Civil Rights Act and Equal Protection Clause jurisprudence, the Supreme Court has largely shut the door on federal environmental justice litigation by requiring plaintiffs to prove that the government acted with discriminatory intent in its siting and permitting decisions. This Note argues that Pennsylvania’s Environmental Rights Amendment provides an avenue for disparate impact environmental justice litigation at the state level. In its 2013 Robinson Township v. Commonwealth decision, the Pennsylvania Supreme Court interpreted the state’s Environmental Rights Amendment as imposing significant public trust obligations on the state legislature and other governmental actors. While previous scholarship has analyzed Robinson Township’s impact on environmental constitutionalism generally, this Note focuses on the decision’s environmental justice implications. In particular, this Note argues that one public trust duty imposed by the Pennsylvania Supreme Court—the duty of impartiality—should prohibit state actors from continuing to site environmental hazards in communities that already bear disproportionate environmental burdens.
description: Columbia Journal of Race and Law, Vol. 11 No. 1 (2021)
Measurement of the Per Cavity Energy Recovery Efficiency in the Single Turn CBETA Configuration
Creators: name: Gulliford, C.
name: Banerjee, N.
name: Bartnik, A.
name: Crittenden, J.
name: Deitrick, K.
name: Hoffstaetter, G. H.
name: Quigley, P.
name: Smolenski, K.
name: Berg, J. S.
name: Michnoff, R.
name: Peggs, S.
name: Trbojevic, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Prior to establishing operation of the world's first mulit-turn superconducting Energy Recovery Linac, (ERL) the Cornell-BNL Energy Recovery Test Accelerator (CBETA) was configured for one turn energy recovery. In this setup, direct measurement of the beam loading in each of the main linac cavities demonstrated high energy recovery efficiency. Specifically, a total one-turn power balance efficiency of 99.4%, with per cavity power balances ranging from 99.2-99.8%, was measured. When accounting for small particle losses occurring in the path length adjustment sections of the return loop, this corresponds to per cavity single particle energy recovery efficiencies ranging from 99.8 to 100.5%. A maximum current of 70 microamps was energy recovered, limited by radiation shielding of the beam stop in its preliminary installation.
An unbiased search for the signatures of protostars in the rho Ophiuchi Molecular Cloud. II. Millimetre continuum observations
Creators: name: Stanke, Thomas
name: Smith, Michael D.
name: Gredel, Roland
name: Khanzadyan, Tigran
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have performed a 1 square degree 1.2mm dust continuum survey in the rho Oph molecular cloud. We detect a number of previously unknown sources, ranging from extended cores over compact, starless cores to envelopes surrounding young stellar objects of Class 0, Class I, and Class II type. We analyse the mass distribution, spatial distribution and the potential equilibrium of the cores. For the inner regions, the survey results are consistent with the findings of previous narrower surveys. The core mass function resembles the stellar initial mass function, with the core mass function shifted by a factor of two to higher masses (for the chosen opacity and temperature). In addition, we find no statistical variation in the core mass function between the crowded inner regions and those in more isolated fields except for the absence of the most massive cores in the extended cloud. The inner region contains compacter cores. This is interpreted as due to a medium of higher mean pressure although strong pressure variations are evident in each region. The cores display a hierarchical spatial distribution with no preferred separation scale length. However, the frequency distribution of nearest neighbours displays two peaks, one of which at 5000AU can be the result of core fragmentation. The orientations of the major axes of cores are consistent with an isotropic distribution. In contrast, the relative orientations of core pairs are preferentially in the NW-SE direction on all separation scales. These results are consistent with core production and evolution in a turbulent environment. We report a new low-mass Class 0 object and its CO outflow.
description: accepted for publication in Astronomy and Astrophysics. Full .ps version available at http://www.ifa.hawaii.edu/users/stanke/preprints.html
Workload Characterization of Programmable Metasurfaces
Creators: name: Saeed, Taqwa
name: Abadal, Sergi
name: Liaskos, Christos
name: Pitsillides, Andreas
name: Taghvaee, Hamidreza
name: Cabellos-Aparicio, Albert
name: Lestas, Marios
name: Alarcon, Eduard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: Emerging Technologies (cs.ET)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Metasurfaces are envisaged to play a key role in next-generation wireless systems due to their powerful control over electromagnetic waves. The last decade has witnessed huge advances in this regard, shifting from static to programmable metasurfaces. The HyperSurface (HSF) paradigm takes one step further by integrating a network of controllers within the device with the aim of adding intelligence, connectivity, and autonomy. However, little is known about the traffic that this network will have to support as the target electromagnetic function or boundary conditions change. In this paper, we lay down the foundations of a methodology to characterize the workload of programmable metasurfaces and then employ it to analyze the case of beam steering HSFs. We observe that traffic is bursty and highly dependent on the position of the target. These results will enable the early-stage evaluation of intra-HSF networks, as well as the estimation of the system performance and cost.
CuTe chains on Cu(111) by deposition of 1/3 ML Te: atomic and electronic structure
Creators: name: Kißlinger, Tilman
name: Raabgrund, Andreas
name: Geldiyev, Begmuhammet
name: Ammon, Maximilian
name: Rieger, Janek
name: Hauner, Jonas
name: Hammer, Lutz
name: Fauster, Thomas
name: Schneider, M. Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The surface atomic and electronic structure after deposition of 1/3 monolayer (ML) Te on Cu(111) was determined using a combination of low-energy electron diffraction (LEED), scanning tunneling microscopy and spectroscopy (STM/STS), angle-resolved single and two-photon photoelectron spectroscopy (ARPES /AR-2PPE) and density functional theory (DFT) calculations. Contrary to the current state in literature Te does not create a two-dimensional surface alloy but forms Cu$_2$Te$_2$ adsorbate chains in a $\left(2\sqrt{3} \times \sqrt{3}\right)\textrm{R30}^\circ$ superstructure. We establish this by a high-precision LEED-IV structural analysis with Pendry $R$ factor of $R = 0.099$ and corroborating DFT and STM results. The electronic structure of the surface phase is dominated by an anisotropic downward dispersing state at the Fermi energy $E_F$ and a more isotropic upward dispersing unoccupied state at $E-E_F = + 1.43\,\textrm{eV}$. Both states coexist with bulk states of the projected band structure and are therefore surface resonances.
The four worlds of politics and administration in the EU: how institutional arrangements shape the struggle against antimicrobial resistance
Creators: name: Pierre, Jon
name: Carelli, Daniel
name: Peters, B. Guy
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: Medicine
Pharmacology
Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
Cancer

description: Do basic administrative arrangements in the national public sector affect the prevalence of antimicrobial resistance (AMR), and if so, how? AMR, one of humanity’s most pressing challenges according to the World Health Organization, is typically caused by factors inherent to the natural sciences. In this paper, however, we investigate the indirect causal effect of politics and administration on the management of AMR. In a mixed-methodological approach drawing on a panel regression combined with 46 semi-structured interviews with senior bureaucrats and experts from all member states of the European Union (EU), we derive four distinct clusters of countries in AMR governance. The analysis shows that politico-administrative arrangements in the EU follow a north-to-south and east-to-west pattern in the prevalence of AMR. We apply institutional theories of path dependency and administrative autonomy to explain such ‘worlds’ of AMR governance.
Natural radioactive environments as sources of local disequilibrium for the emergence of life
Creators: name: Altair, Thiago
name: Sartori, Larissa M.
name: Rodrigues, Fabio
name: de Avellar, Marcio G. B.
name: Galante, Douglas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Certain subterranean environments of Earth have naturally accumulated long-lived radionuclides, such as 238U, 232Th and 40K, near the presence of liquid water. In these natural radioactive environments (NRE), water radiolysis can produce chemical species of biological importance, such as H2. Although the proposal of radioactive decay as an alternative source of energy for living systems has existed for more than thirty years, this hypothesis gained strength after the recent discovery of a peculiar ecosystem in a gold mine in South Africa, whose existence is dependent on chemical species produced by water radiolysis. In this work, we calculate the chemical disequilibrium generated locally by water radiolysis due gamma radiation and analyse the possible contribution of this disequilibrium for the emergence of life, considering conditions of early Earth and having as reference the alkaline hydrothermal vent (AHV) theory. Results from our kinetic model points out the similarities between the conditions caused by water radiolysis and those found on alkaline hydrothermal systems. Our model produces a steady increase of pH with time, which favours the precipitation of minerals with catalytic activity for protometabolism, as well as a natural electrochemical gradient in this aqueous environment. In conclusion, we described a possible free-energy conversion mechanism that could be a requisite for emergence of life in Hadean Earth.
description: 51 pages, 9 figures, supplementary material included. Astrobiology
National action on antimicrobial resistance and the political economy of health care
Creators: name: Heinzel, Mirko
name: Koenig-Archibugi, Mathias
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) is one of the biggest threats to human health in the twenty-first century. A key dimension of global governance in this domain consists of encouraging governments to create national action plans (NAPs) aimed at improving awareness of AMR, improving knowledge through surveillance and research, reducing infection, optimising the use of antimicrobial medicines, and investing in new drugs, vaccines and other interventions. The adoption and implementation of NAPs occur in the context of great political and institutional diversity across countries, and this article examines the consequences of different ways of financing health care. We expect the implementation of NAPs to be more successful in optimising antibiotics use when governments play a larger role in financing health care compared to private expenditure. An analysis of patterns of antibiotic consumption in 191 countries between 2000 and 2018 supports the hypothesis.
Fantasy America: the United States as seen through French and Italian eyes
Creators: name: Harries, Mark
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: For the past two decades, scholars have been reassessing the ways in which Western writers and intellectuals have traditionally misrepresented the non-white world for their own ideological purposes. Orientalism, Edward Said's ground-breaking study of the ways in which Europeans projected their own social problems onto the nations of the Near East in an attempt to take their minds off the same phenomena as they occurred closer to home, was largely responsible for this shift in emphasis. Fantasy America: The United States as Seen Through French and Italian Eyes is an exploration of a parallel occurrence that could easily be dubbed "Occidentalism." More specifically, it is a study of the ways in which French and Italian writers and filmmakers have sought to situate the New World within an Old World context. "Among the (More Advanced) Barbarians" (a.k.a. Chapter One) examines the continuities and discontinuities of French travel writing in America from the days of the Jesuits to the heyday of the existentialists. Certain motifs and idees fixes—the uniqueness of American racism; the "magic" of New York—are first identified and then examined. "A Meeting of the Mafias" (Chapter Two) is more cosmopolitan in scope, tracing the ways in which French, American, and Italian crime fiction have historically influenced each other, as well as the relationship of the policier to differing notions of the nation-state. "The Ruins of Rome" (Chapter Three) demonstrates how Italian intellectuals have looked to the United States for new World Solutions to Old World problems. This chapter encompasses two major sub-themes: the positive possibilities for Italy of "Fordismo" (the American industrial model) and American literature (which was believed to promote political, as well as cultural, liberty). "Lurching Towards the Millennium" picks up the threads of the first three chapters and places them in the contemporary context of globalization, a process which threatens to replace the hegemony of the nation state with the omnipresence of corporate power. The cultural model of Quebec is introduced at this point as a New World/Old World paradigm that embodies the chimerical contradictions of a globe on the brink of a new millennium.
Free riding is not the problem: how agency, heterogeneity and authority challenge collective action against antimicrobial resistance in the European Union
Creators: name: Pierre, Jon
name: Carelli, Daniel
name: Rönnerstrand, Björn
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: This paper outlines a contextual approach to the governance of collective action in high complexity contexts. Using the major public health threat of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in Europe as empirical case, we investigate the coordination challenges related to a plurality of agency, heterogeneity of capabilities, preferences and institutions, and various degrees and forms of authority. The analysis draws on original quantitative and qualitative data on senior public servants’ and experts’ preferences for governance arrangements. Allowing for variation in agency, heterogeneity and authority, we identify factors preventing or facilitating transnational governance and explain how and why these factors persist. The pattern of experts’ governance preferences as indicated in surveys and interviews suggests that when collective action fails, it can often be attributed to the heterogeneity among EU member states in terms of their willingness and capacity to address AMR. Also, networks of AMR experts are seen as critical to successful governance, both in the human public health sector where formal authority is limited and in animal health where the EU has extensive formal authority. In human public health, networks are instruments for exchanging ideas, knowledge and learning while in animal health networks support hierarchies and facilitate horizontal coordination.
Spin-polarized $β$-stable neutron star matter: the nuclear symmetry energy and GW170817 constraint
Creators: name: Tan, Ngo Hai
name: Khoa, Dao T.
name: Loan, Doan Thi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Magnetic field of rotating pulsar might be so strong that the equation of state (EOS) of neutron star (NS) matter is significantly affected by the spin polarization of baryons. In the present work, the EOS of the spin-polarized nuclear matter is investigated in the nonrelativistic Hartree-Fock formalism, using a realistic density dependent nucleon-nucleon interaction with its spin and spin-isospin dependence accurately adjusted to the Brueckner-Hartree-Fock results for the spin-polarized nuclear matter. The nuclear symmetry energy and proton fraction are found to increase significantly with the increasing spin polarization of baryons, leading to a larger probability of the direct Urca process in the cooling of magnetar. The EOS of the $β$-stable np$eμ$ matter obtained at different spin polarizations of baryons is used as the input for the Tolman-Oppenheimer-Volkov equations to determine the hydrostatic configuration of NS. Based on the GW170817 constraint on the radius $R_{1.4}$ of NS with $M\approx 1.4_\odot$, our mean-field results show that up to $60~\%$ of baryons in the NS merger might be spin-polarized. This result supports the magnetar origin of the blue kilonova ejecta of GW170817 suggested by Metzger et al., and the spin polarization of baryons needs, therefore, to be properly treated in the many-body calculation of the EOS of NS matter before comparing the calculated NS mass and radius with those constrained by the multi-messenger GW170817 observation.
description: Misprints corrected; published in Physical Review C 102, 045809 (2020)
Satellites and central galaxies in SDSS: the influence of interactions on their properties
Creators: name: Mesa, Valeria
name: Alonso, Sol
name: Coldwell, Georgina
name: Lambas, Diego García
name: Castellón, Jose Luis Nilo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use SDSS-DR14 to construct a sample of galaxy systems consisting of a central object and two satellites. We adopt projected distance and radial velocity difference criteria and impose an isolation criterion to avoid membership in larger structures. We also classify the interaction between the members of each system through a visual inspection of galaxy images, finding $\sim80\%$ of the systems lack evidence of interactions whilst the remaining $\sim20\%$ involve some kind of interaction, as inferred from their observed distorted morphology. We have considered separately, samples of satellites and central galaxies, and each of these samples were tested against suitable control sets to analyse the results. We find that central galaxies showing signs of interactions present evidence of enhanced star formation activity and younger stellar populations. As a counterpart, satellite samples show these galaxies presenting older stellar populations with a lower star formation rate than the control sample. The observed trends correlate with the stellar mass content of the galaxies and with the projected distance between the members involved in the interaction. The most massive systems are less affected since they show no star formation excess, possibly due to their more evolved stage and less gas available to form new stars. Our results suggest that it is arguable a transfer of material during interactions, with satellites acting as donors to the central galaxy. As a consequence of the interactions, satellite stellar population ages rapidly and new bursts of star formation may frequently occur in the central galaxy.
description: 14 pages, 12 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
X-ray Spectra and Light Curves of Cooling Novae and a Nova-Like
Creators: name: Sun, Bangzheng
name: Orio, Marina
name: Dobrotka, Andrej
name: Luna, Gerardo Juan Manuel
name: Shugarov, Sergey
name: Zemko, Polina
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present X-ray observations of novae V2491 Cyg and KT Eri about 9 years post-outburst, of the dwarf nova and post-nova candidate EY Cyg, and of a VY Scl variable. The first three objects were observed with XMM-Newton, KT Eri also with the Chandra ACIS-S camera, V794 Aql with the Chandra ACIS-S camera and High Energy Transmission Gratings. The two recent novae, similar in outburst amplitude and light curve, appear very different at quiescence. Assuming half of the gravitational energy is irradiated in X-rays, V2491 Cyg is accreting at $\dot{m}=1.4\times10^{-9}-10^{-8}M_\odot/yr$, while for KT Eri, $\dot{m}<2\times10^{-10}M_\odot/yr$. V2491 Cyg shows signatures of a magnetized WD, specifically of an intermediate polar. A periodicity of ~39 minutes, detected in outburst, was still measured and is likely due to WD rotation. EY Cyg is accreting at $\dot{m}\sim1.8\times10^{-11}M_\odot/yr$, one magnitude lower than KT Eri, consistently with its U Gem outburst behavior and its quiescent UV flux. The X-rays are modulated with the orbital period, despite the system's low inclination, probably due to the X-ray flux of the secondary. A period of ~81 minutes is also detected, suggesting that it may also be an intermediate polar. V794 Aql had low X-ray luminosity during an optically high state, about the same level as in a recent optically low state. Thus, we find no clear correlation between optical and X-ray luminosity: the accretion rate seems unstable and variable. The very hard X-ray spectrum indicates a massive WD.
description: 14 pages, 12 figures, 6 tables
title: The political economy of domestic work in France and Sweden in a European perspective (LIEPP Working Paper, n°02)
Creators: name: Morel, Nathalie
Publisher: name: Sciences Po - LIEPP
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: FOS: Social sciences
valueUri: http://www.oecd.org/science/inno/38235147.pdf

description: While there is a growing body of literature dealing with the development of migrant domestic work in Western countries, so far there has been very little attention paid to the development of formal domestic services as an economic activity actively structured through public policy. Yet the development of the domestic services sector in Europe is part of a specific political and economic strategy, which has been actively promoted by national governments and national lobby groups, but also by the European Commission since the 1990s, so that it seems warranted to speak of a new ‘political economy of domestic work’. The aim of this paper is to analyse the rationale behind this public intervention in favour of the development of domestic services, to highlight the economic, political and social issues it raises and to see how the policies implemented interact with existing welfare / care systems, employment regimes, and prevailing gender and social norms. This paper does so through an analysis of the policy discourse at the EU level, and a comparison of the policies implemented and their consequences in France and Sweden. The choice of these two countries is guided by the fact that while they represent very contrasted social models, France and Sweden are the two countries that have gone furthest in terms of the support provided to domestic services, and they have done so through the introduction of a same policy instrument, namely a 50 % tax reduction on domestic services. We suggest that the uncovering of similar trends in the logic and modes of public intervention and in the social, economic and political consequences of this public intervention in two strongly contrasted national models could be revealing of more global trends in Europe, linked to more profound transformations of welfare states, of labour markets, and of societies more generally.
Fear, trust, and knowledge – understanding Norwegian citizens’ perceptions of antimicrobial resistance (AMR)
Creators: name: Fimreite, Anne Lise
name: Løvseth, Erla K.
name: Lægreid, Per
name: Rykkja, Lise H.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: This paper explores citizens’ perceptions of the antimicrobial resistance (AMR) problem, addressing the need for governance legitimacy in crisis management and policymaking when fighting this crisis. Previous research has shown that the public has limited knowledge of AMR and has given it little attention. Our study investigates how Norwegian citizens perceive the problem of AMR, considering their fear, knowledge, and trust, and using panel data from a Norwegian survey. The findings show that Norwegian citizens are aware of the severity of AMR and express concern about the declining effectiveness of antibiotics. However, their concern is linked to their fear of other major crises and to their knowledge of AMR, rather than their trust, both generally towards others, and in the authorities. This study provides valuable insights for policymakers and crisis management strategies. It suggests that public policies addressing AMR must consider governance legitimacy and the public’s awareness, including citizens’ fear and knowledge.
Status of air quality and survey of particulate matter pollution in Pabna city, Bangladesh
Creators: name: HASAN, MOHAMMAD RAQUIBUL
name: Hossain, Md. Akram
name: Sarjana, Umera
name: Rashedul Hasan, Md.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 401799
subject: Mechanical engineering not elsewhere classified

description: Particulate matter (PM) is the most significant air pollutant associated with death and disease compared to other measured criteria pollutants. In this paper, the study have been performed to know about the particulate pollution and its effect in human life in Pabna, a city of Bangladesh. This particulate matter (PM2.5 and PM10) concentrations in the air of Pabna city have been investigated at five selected locations in Pabna city. Investigation was done by “Handheld Laser Particle Counter” device. From this study it is found that in Pabna the air pollution problem is severe and it crosses the AQI standard. This paper also recommends the possible ways to improve the air pollution problem in Pabna, Bangladesh
Realizing non-Abelian statistics
Creators: name: Fendley, Paul
name: Fradkin, Eduardo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct a series of 2+1-dimensional models whose quasiparticles obey non-Abelian statistics. The adiabatic transport of quasiparticles is described by using a correspondence between the braid matrix of the particles and the scattering matrix of 1+1-dimensional field theories. We discuss in depth lattice and continuum models whose braiding is that of SO(3) Chern-Simons gauge theory, including the simplest type of non-Abelian statistics, involving just one type of quasiparticle. The ground-state wave function of an SO(3) model is related to a loop description of the classical two-dimensional Potts model. We discuss the transition from a topological phase to a conventionally-ordered phase, showing in some cases there is a quantum critical point.
description: 20 pages in two-column format. v2: fixed typos and added references
Policy termination made easy? The emerging trend towards sunsetting antimicrobial resistance national action plans
Creators: name: Baekkeskov, Erik
name: Rubin, Olivier
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: While policy termination is usually more difficult than continuity in domestic policymaking, the international process for addressing antimicrobial resistance (AMR) shows that sustaining commitments can be the more difficult path. Addressing persistent crises requires persistent policy responses across multiple countries. Policy coordination among many countries has gained significant scholarly attention whereas analyses of continuing, longer-term commitments of many countries to crisis response are less common. This paper remedies this shortfall by analysing the commitments of different countries to the international policy process against AMR. It triangulates novel evidence in the form of distinct indicators based on global surveys, content analysis of national action plans (NAPs), and publication patterns of second-generation NAPs. The findings suggest that national commitments to the international process initially reached high levels but are now in decline. Countries are effectively ‘sunsetting’ their NAPs, and thereby ending commitments to the international process for addressing AMR. Many have refrained from renewing their NAPs, and those that do renew rarely show signs of learning or adaptation from previous NAPs. Hence, even in the AMR case, where a global and persistent threat rose high on the international political agenda, long-term commitment to the international response policy process is by no means assured.
Extracting contact effects in organic field-effect transistors
Creators: name: Hamadani, B. H.
name: Natelson, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Contact resistances between organic semiconductors and metal electrodes have been shown to play a dominant role in electronic charge injection properties of organic field-effect transistors. These effects are more prevalent in short channel length devices and therefore should not be ignored when examining intrinsic properties such as the mobility and its dependence on temperature or gate voltage. Here we outline a general procedure to extract contact current-voltage characteristics and the true channel mobility from the transport characteristics in bottom contact poly(3-hexylthiophene) field-effect transistors, for both Ohmic and nonlinear charge injection, over a broad range of temperatures and gate voltages. Distinguishing between contact and channel contributions in bottom contact OFETs is an important step toward improved understanding and modeling of these devices.
description: 7 pages, 8 figures. To appear in July 2005 Proc. of the IEEE, Special Issue on Flexible Electronics
The fundamental group of symplectic manifolds with Hamiltonian Lie group actions
Creators: name: Li, Hui
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Symplectic Geometry (math.SG)
subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary : 53D05, 53D20; Secondary : 55Q05, 57R19

description: Let $(M, ω)$ be a connected, compact symplectic manifold equipped with a Hamiltonian $G$ action, where $G$ is a connected compact Lie group. Let $ϕ$ be the moment map. In \cite{L}, we proved the following result for $G=S^1$ action: as fundamental groups of topological spaces, $π_1(M)=π_1(M_{red})$, where $M_{red}$ is the symplectic quotient at any value of the moment map $ϕ$. In this paper, we generalize this result to other connected compact Lie group $G$ actions. We also prove that the above fundamental group is isomorphic to that of $M/G$. We briefly discuss the generalization of the first part of the results to non-compact manifolds with proper moment maps.
description: 23 pages
Guida alla Realizzazione di una Struttura di News Integrata, Tramite INN e VAXnews
Creators: name: C. Strizzolo
Publisher: name: INFN Open Access Repository
Year: 1999

description: Questo documento descrive le modalità operative per la realizzazione di una struttura di news, basata su un server Usenet installato su un sistema Unix, in grado di interagire con il software VAXnews installato sui sistemi OpenVMS. Tale struttura rappresenta un'evoluzione dei sistemi di news in uso presso molte Sezioni dell'I.N.F.N., utilizzati principalmente al fine di diffondere informazioni di interesse generale, o specifico su determinati argomenti, agli utenti locali. Per lungo tempo, tali sistemi sono stati basati quasi esclusivamente sul softwareVAXnews, disponibile solo su piattaforma VMS/OpenVMS. La struttura proposta consente una manipolazione più agevole delle news su diversi sistemi, e l'installazione della parte centrale del sistema su una piattaforma Unix.
Evaluation of Deep Learning Models for Hostility Detection in Hindi Text
Creators: name: Joshi, Ramchandra
name: Karnavat, Rushabh
name: Jirapure, Kaustubh
name: Joshi, Raviraj
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The social media platform is a convenient medium to express personal thoughts and share useful information. It is fast, concise, and has the ability to reach millions. It is an effective place to archive thoughts, share artistic content, receive feedback, promote products, etc. Despite having numerous advantages these platforms have given a boost to hostile posts. Hate speech and derogatory remarks are being posted for personal satisfaction or political gain. The hostile posts can have a bullying effect rendering the entire platform experience hostile. Therefore detection of hostile posts is important to maintain social media hygiene. The problem is more pronounced languages like Hindi which are low in resources. In this work, we present approaches for hostile text detection in the Hindi language. The proposed approaches are evaluated on the Constraint@AAAI 2021 Hindi hostility detection dataset. The dataset consists of hostile and non-hostile texts collected from social media platforms. The hostile posts are further segregated into overlapping classes of fake, offensive, hate, and defamation. We evaluate a host of deep learning approaches based on CNN, LSTM, and BERT for this multi-label classification problem. The pre-trained Hindi fast text word embeddings by IndicNLP and Facebook are used in conjunction with CNN and LSTM models. Two variations of pre-trained multilingual transformer language models mBERT and IndicBERT are used. We show that the performance of BERT based models is best. Moreover, CNN and LSTM models also perform competitively with BERT based models.
description: Accepted at IEEE I2CT 2021
Servizio di Accesso Dial-Up
Creators: name: S. Lusso
Publisher: name: INFN Open Access Repository
Year: 2000

description: Questo documento riporta la procedura utilizzata per la realizzazione di un servizio di accesso dial-up. Il servizio dial-up consente all'utente il collegamento alla rete di istituto tramite linea telefonica. Il servizio é costituito essenzialmente da quattro componenti: una linea telefonica, un modem, un server di accesso ed un server di autenticazione. Le configurazioni possono variare a seconda delle esigenze e della disponibilità hardware. Nel documento si analizza la configurazione di un router Cisco e l'installazione di un server di autenticazione (XTACACS) e la sua configurazione su di un server UNIX. Sono riportate inoltre alcune soluzioni adottate per la gestione degli utenti.
Local Self-Energy Approach For Electronic Structure Calculations
Creators: name: Zein, N. E.
name: Savrasov, S. Y.
name: Kotliar, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using a novel self-consistent implementation of Hedin's GW perturbation theory we calculate space and energy dependent self-energy for a number of materials. We find it to be local in real space and rapidly convergent on second-- to third-- nearest neighbors. Corrections beyond GW are evaluated and shown to be completely localized within a single unit cell. This can be viewed as a fully self consistent implementation of the dynamical mean field theory for electronic structure calculations of real solids using a perturbative impurity solver.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures
Controllo ad Isteresi di Convertitori a Commutazione Mutuamente Accoppiati
Creators: name: F. Montecassiano
Publisher: name: INFN Open Access Repository
Year: 2001

description: Il crescente impiego di apparecchiature elettroniche, sia nei laboratori di ricerca che a livello industriale e domenstico, ha evidenziato il problema dell'inquinamento armonico prodotto dalle interfacce di alimentazione poste tra le apparecchiature e la rete di distribuzione dell'energia elettrica. Le interfacce, nel convertire l'energia prelevata dalla rete nella forma più adatta all'applicazione, possono assorbire correnti fortemente impulsive in grado di produrre distorsioni della tensione di rete ed emissioni di disturbi elettromagnetici capaci di compromettere il corretto funzionamento di altri apparati elettrici. La riduzione dell'inquinamento armonico può essere ottenuta mediante tecniche di conversione dell'energia ad elevato fattore di potenza (power factor controller ' PFC), tramite le quali l'assorbimento di corrente diviene praticamente sinusoidale ed in fase con la tensione di rete, ovvero a basso contenuto armonico. Un interessante sistema di conversione PFC prevede la connessione interleaved di due celle switching di tipo boost, funzionanti in continuous conduction mode con controllo ad isteresi di corrente e mutuamente accoppiate. Tale sistema é in grado di compiere un aggiustamento autonomo degli istanti di commutazione delle singole celle verso un regime vicino all'opposizione di fase, ottenendo un miglioramento del fattore di potenza complessivo. Questo lavoro, dopo un'attenta analisi sul comportamento del sistema descritto, propone un modello di tipo Phase Locked Loop che permette previsioni sulla frequenza e sulla fase di regime dei convertitori con controllo ad isteresi componenti il sistema interleaved; in questo senso, il modello proposto risulta un valido strumento nel progetto di nuovi sistemi PFC.
Meyer, Harding, Papndreou, Damoskinos, Urban, Hans Jörg, Vischer, Lukas: Dokumente wachsender Übereinstimmung
Creators: name: Vo.
Publisher: name: Ökumenische Rundschau
Year: 2025

description: Ökumenische Rundschau, Bd. 41 Nr. 3 (1992): Ökumenische Rundschau, Band 41, Heft 3
Context-based Broadcast Acknowledgement for Enhanced Reliability of Cooperative V2X Messages
Creators: name: Coll-Perales, Baldomero
name: Thandavarayan, Gokulnath
name: Sepulcre, Miguel
name: Gozalvez, Javier
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Most V2X applications/services are supported by the continuous exchange of broadcast messages. One of the main challenges is to increase the reliability of broadcast transmissions that lack of mechanisms to assure the correct delivery of the messages. To address this issue, one option is the use of acknowledgments. However, this option has scalability issues when applied to broadcast transmissions because multiple vehicles can transmit acknowledgments simultaneously. To control scalability while addressing reliability of broadcast messages, this paper proposes and evaluates a context-based broadcast acknowledgement mechanism where the transmitting vehicles selectively request the acknowledgment of specific/critical broadcast messages, and performs retransmissions if they are not correctly received. In addition, the V2X applications/services identify the situations/conditions that trigger the execution of the broadcast acknowledgment mechanism, and the receiver(s) that should acknowledge the broadcast messages. The paper evaluates the performance of the context-based broadcast acknowledgment mechanism for a Collective Perception Service. The obtained results show the proposed mechanism can contribute to improve the awareness of crossing pedestrians at intersections by increasing the reliability in the exchange of CPM messages between vehicles approaching the intersection. This solution is being discussed under IEEE 802.11bd, and thus can be relevant for the standardization process.
description: 2020 IEEE Forum on Integrated and Sustainable Transportation Systems (ISTS). 6 pages, 6 figures