Peromyscus sejugis Burt 1932
Creators: name: Bradley, Robert D.
name: Francis, James Q.
name: Platt II, Roy N.
name: Soniat, Taylor J.
name: Alvarez, Daysi
name: Lindsey, Laramie L.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Rodentia
Cricetidae
Peromyscus
Peromyscus sejugis

description: <b> <i>Peromyscus sejugis</i> Burt 1932</b> <i>Peromyscus sejugis</i> Burt, 1932:171. <i>Holotype.—</i> California Institute of Technology (catalog number 50,632); adult male; skin and skull. Original number W. H. Burt 3,530. <i>Type locality.—</i> Mexico: Baja California Sur; Santa Cruz Island, 25º 17’N, 110º 43’W; collected 23 January 1932. <i>Subspecies.—</i> <i>P</i>. <i>sejugis</i> is monotypic. <i>Diagnosis.—</i> Color of upperparts grayish with avellaneous and underparts white; tail bicolored with a narrow dorsal stripe. Skull arched antero-posteriorly; rostrum heavy; nasals broad, tapering posteriorly; relatively small auditory bullae (Burt 1932). Average measurements (Álvarez-Castañeda 2001): 160–197 mm; (= 184 mm) and a tail length that ranged between 65–94 mm; (= 85 mm). Larger in size than forms occurring on the mainland (specimens now assigned to <i>P</i>. <i>gambelii</i>), especially in total length (184 mm versus 164 mm) and tail length (85 mm versus 75 mm). <i>Distribution.—</i> Known only from the Santa Cruz and San Diego Islands, Gulf of California, Mexico. <i>Comparisons.—</i> A member of the <i>P. maniculatus</i> species group. Burt (1932) associated <i>P. sejugis</i> with <i>P. maniculatus</i> and noted that it was larger in size compared to <i>P. m. cooledgei</i> (now <i>P</i>. <i>gambelii</i>). The association with <i>P</i>. <i>gambelii</i> was confirmed based on phallic and allozyme data (Hooper and Musser 1964; Avise et al. 1979). Avise et al. (1979) implied that <i>P. sejugis</i> is as different from <i>P. maniculatus</i> (now <i>P</i>. <i>gambelii</i>) as it is from <i>P. melanotis</i> and <i>P. polionotus.</i> Hogan et al. (1997), Walker et al. (2006), and Greenbaum et al. (2017) reported low levels of mtDNA divergence between <i>P. sejugis</i> and <i>P. maniculatus</i> from Baja California but argued for retaining <i>P</i>. <i>sejugis</i> as a species based on unique morphometric and genetic characters (see <i>Remarks</i> below). <i>Cyt</i> b sequences (this study) indicated that <i>P. sejugis</i> differs from <i>P. gambelii</i>, <i>P. keeni</i>, <i>P. labecula</i>, and <i>P. sonoriensis</i> by 2.05%, 3.97%, 4.42%, and 4.42%, respectively. Given the sample of one individual, within species genetic variation could not be determined. <i>Remarks.—</i> A single sample was examined in this study that is assignable to <i>P</i>. <i>sejugis</i>. The specimen included herein was obtained from Mexico: Baja California Sur; Santa Cruz Island which is the type locality for <i>P</i>. <i>sejugis</i>. Based on our examination of only a single individual, and the unclear phylogenetic results obtained herein due to the fact that our sample of <i>P</i>. <i>sejugis</i> was paraphyletic with samples representing <i>P</i>. <i>gambelii</i>, we defer to the findings and synopses offered in Walker et al. (2006) and Greenbaum et al. (2017) who opined that based on the available data, it was best to retain <i>P</i>. <i>sejugis</i> as a species. Specifically, they presented six reasons for continuing to recognize <i>P</i>. <i>sejugis</i> as a species separate from mainland forms of <i>P</i>. <i>maniculatus</i> (referred to <i>P</i>. <i>gambelii</i> by Greenbaum et al. 2017). First, morphological evidence presented by Burt (1932) and Álvarez-Castañeda (2001) depicted external and cranial differences between samples of <i>P</i>. <i>sejugis</i> and mainland forms. Second, Avise et al. (1974) reported allozymic differentiation between <i>P</i>. <i>sejugis</i> and mainland populations. Third, Smith et al. (2000), documented the appearance of a unique chromosomal inversion in <i>P</i>. <i>sejugis</i>. Fourth, Chirhart et al. (2005) reported a unique microsatellite allele in <i>P</i>. <i>sejugis</i>. Fifth, studies of mitochondrial DNA sequences (Hogan et al. 1997; Walker et al. 2006; Cornejo-Latorre et al. 2017; Greenbaum et al. 2017) depicted samples of <i>P</i>. <i>sejugis</i> and <i>P</i>. <i>maniculatus</i> to form monophyletic clades, respectively. Sixth, given previous lines of evidence and based upon the insular and restricted distribution of <i>P</i>. <i>sejugis</i>; as well as the surrounding conservation implications, demands careful treatment. Our data indicate that <i>P. sejugis</i> is allied closely with <i>P. gambelii</i>, similar to results generated in Greenbaum et al. (2017). Genetic distance data generated herein suggest these populations diverged from <i>P. gambelii</i> found on Baja California Sur approximately between 0.44 and 0.67 mya (see Fig. 3).
description: Published as part of <i>Bradley, Robert D., Francis, James Q., Platt II, Roy N., Soniat, Taylor J., Alvarez, Daysi &amp; Lindsey, Laramie L., 2019, Mitochondrial Dna Sequence Data Indicate Evidence For Multiple Species Within Peromyscus Maniculatus, pp. 1-59 in Special Publications of the Museum of Texas Tech University 70</i> on page 25, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7221903
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