cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Schema2QA: High-Quality and Low-Cost Q&A Agents for the Structured Web
Creators: name: Xu, Silei
name: Campagna, Giovanni
name: Li, Jian
name: Lam, Monica S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Building a question-answering agent currently requires large annotated datasets, which are prohibitively expensive. This paper proposes Schema2QA, an open-source toolkit that can generate a Q&A system from a database schema augmented with a few annotations for each field. The key concept is to cover the space of possible compound queries on the database with a large number of in-domain questions synthesized with the help of a corpus of generic query templates. The synthesized data and a small paraphrase set are used to train a novel neural network based on the BERT pretrained model. We use Schema2QA to generate Q&A systems for five Schema.org domains, restaurants, people, movies, books and music, and obtain an overall accuracy between 64% and 75% on crowdsourced questions for these domains. Once annotations and paraphrases are obtained for a Schema.org schema, no additional manual effort is needed to create a Q&A agent for any website that uses the same schema. Furthermore, we demonstrate that learning can be transferred from the restaurant to the hotel domain, obtaining a 64% accuracy on crowdsourced questions with no manual effort. Schema2QA achieves an accuracy of 60% on popular restaurant questions that can be answered using Schema.org. Its performance is comparable to Google Assistant, 7% lower than Siri, and 15% higher than Alexa. It outperforms all these assistants by at least 18% on more complex, long-tail questions.
Dominant role of impurity scattering over crystalline anisotropy for magnetotransport properties in the quasi-1D Hollandite Ba1.2Rh8O16
Creators: name: Pautrat, Alain
name: Kobayashi, Wataru
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Angular magnetotransport measurements have been performed to tackle the origin of the magnetoresistance in the quasi-1D Hollandite Ba1.2Rh8O16. Three samples of different impurities amount were measured. We observe that the low temperature resistivity upturn is not due to a charge density wave transition, and a dominant role of impurities scattering for low temperature transport properties is instead demonstrated. The components of magnetoresistance were separated by using the Kohler plot and the angular dependency of the resistance under magnetic field. It shows the major contribution of an isotropic, likely spin driven, negative magnetoresistance. Galvanomagnetic characteristics are then consistent with a Kondo effect and appear to be essentially 3D at low temperature.
description: accepted for publication in PRB
Approximations to the Stochastic Burgers Equation
Creators: name: Hairer, Martin
name: Voss, Jochen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60H35, 60H15, 35K55

description: This article is devoted to the numerical study of various finite difference approximations to the stochastic Burgers equation. Of particular interest in the one-dimensional case is the situation where the driving noise is white both in space and in time. We demonstrate that in this case, different finite difference schemes converge to different limiting processes as the mesh size tends to zero. A theoretical explanation of this phenomenon is given and we formulate a number of conjectures for more general classes of equations, supported by numerical evidence.
Diagonal double Kodaira structures on finite groups
Creators: name: Polizzi, Francesco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14J29, 14J25, 20D15

description: We introduce some special presentations on finite groups, that we call "diagonal double Kodaira structures" and whose existence is equivalent to the existence of some special Kodaira fibred surfaces, that we call "diagonal double Kodaira fibrations". This allows us to rephrase in purely algebraic terms some results about finite Heisenberg groups, previously obtained in the recent work of the author with A. Causin, and makes possible to extend them to the case of arbitrary extra-special $p$-groups.
description: To appear in the Proceedings of the 2019 ISAAC Congress (Aveiro, Portugal)
Log p-divisible groups associated to log 1-motives
Creators: name: Würthen, Matti
name: Zhao, Heer
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14L05 (primary), 14A21, 14K99, 11G99 (secondary)

description: We first provide a detailed proof of Kato's classification theorem of log $p$-divisible groups over a noetherian henselian local ring. Exploring Kato's idea further, we then define the notion of a standard extension of a classical finite étale group scheme (resp. classical étale $p$-divisible group) by a classical finite flat group scheme (resp. classical $p$-divisible group) in the category of finite Kummer flat group log schemes (resp. log $p$-divisible groups), with respect to a given chart on the base. These results are then used to prove that log $p$-divisible groups are formally log smooth. We then study the finite Kummer flat group log schemes $T_n(\mathbf{M}):=H^{-1}(\mathbf{M}\otimes_{\mathbb{Z}}^L\mathbb{Z}/n\mathbb{Z})$ (resp. the log $p$-divisible group $\mathbf{M}[p^{\infty}]$) of a log 1-motive $\mathbf{M}$ over an fs log scheme and show that they are étale locally standard extensions. Lastly, we give a proof of the Serre-Tate theorem for log abelian varieties with constant degeneration.
description: Published online at Canadian Journal of Mathematics. Slightly different from the published version in format! 38 pages
Phase transition to Bose-Einstein condensation for a Bosonic gas confined in a combined trap
Creators: name: Lü, Baolong
name: Tan, Xinzhou
name: Wang, Bing
name: Cao, Lijuan
name: Xiong, Hongwei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a study of phase transition to macroscopic superfluidity for an ultracold bosonic gas confined in a combined trap formed by a one-dimensional optical lattice and a harmonic potential, focusing on the critical temperature of this system and the interference patterns of the Bose gas released from the combined trap. Based on a semiclassical energy spectrum, we develop an analytic approximation for the critical temperature $T_{c}$, and compare the analytic results with that obtained by numerical computations. For finite temperatures below $T_{c}$, we calculate the interference patterns for both the normal gas and the superfluid gas. The total interference pattern shows a feature of ``peak-on-a-peak". As a comparison, we also present the experimentally observed interference patterns of $^{87}$Rb atoms released from a one-dimensional optical lattice system in accord with our theoretical model. Our observations are consistent with the theoretical results.
description: Author's address has been corrected; Typos corrected; Grammar errors corrected
Additional file 2 of Establishment of an antibody specific for AMIGO2 improves immunohistochemical evaluation of liver metastases and clinical outcomes in patients with colorectal cancer
Creators: name: Goto, Keisuke
name: Osaki, Mitsuhiko
name: Izutsu, Runa
name: Tanaka, Hiroshi
name: Sasaki, Ryo
name: Tanio, Akimitsu
name: Satofuka, Hiroyuki
name: Kazuki, Yasuhiro
name: Yamamoto, Manabu
name: Kugoh, Hiroyuki
name: Ito, Hisao
name: Oshimura, Mitsuo
name: Fujiwara, Yoshiyuki
name: Okada, Futoshi
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: 60506 Virology

description: The monoclonal antibodies with high immunoglobulin titers were selected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). From December 25, 2017 to January 22, 2018.
Exact diagonalization: the Bose-Hubbard model as an example
Creators: name: Zhang, J. M.
name: Dong, R. X.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We take the Bose-Hubbard model to illustrate exact diagonalization techniques in a pedagogical way. We follow the road of first generating all the basis vectors, then setting up the Hamiltonian matrix with respect to this basis, and finally using the Lanczos algorithm to solve low lying eigenstates and eigenvalues. Emphasis is placed on how to enumerate all the basis vectors and how to use the hashing trick to set up the Hamiltonian matrix or matrices corresponding to other quantities. Although our route is not necessarily the most efficient one in practice, the techniques and ideas introduced are quite general and may find use in many other problems.
Unsupervised Word Polysemy Quantification with Multiresolution Grids of Contextual Embeddings
Creators: name: Xypolopoulos, Christos
name: Tixier, Antoine J. -P.
name: Vazirgiannis, Michalis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The number of senses of a given word, or polysemy, is a very subjective notion, which varies widely across annotators and resources. We propose a novel method to estimate polysemy, based on simple geometry in the contextual embedding space. Our approach is fully unsupervised and purely data-driven. We show through rigorous experiments that our rankings are well correlated (with strong statistical significance) with 6 different rankings derived from famous human-constructed resources such as WordNet, OntoNotes, Oxford, Wikipedia etc., for 6 different standard metrics. We also visualize and analyze the correlation between the human rankings. A valuable by-product of our method is the ability to sample, at no extra cost, sentences containing different senses of a given word. Finally, the fully unsupervised nature of our method makes it applicable to any language. Code and data are publicly available at https://github.com/ksipos/polysemy-assessment . The paper was accepted as a long paper at EACL 2021.
description: Equal contribution by Christos Xypolopoulos and Antoine J.-P. Tixier
Additional file 1 of Establishment of an antibody specific for AMIGO2 improves immunohistochemical evaluation of liver metastases and clinical outcomes in patients with colorectal cancer
Creators: name: Goto, Keisuke
name: Osaki, Mitsuhiko
name: Izutsu, Runa
name: Tanaka, Hiroshi
name: Sasaki, Ryo
name: Tanio, Akimitsu
name: Satofuka, Hiroyuki
name: Kazuki, Yasuhiro
name: Yamamoto, Manabu
name: Kugoh, Hiroyuki
name: Ito, Hisao
name: Oshimura, Mitsuo
name: Fujiwara, Yoshiyuki
name: Okada, Futoshi
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Flowchart of the experimental method for establishing a monoclonal antibody specific for human AMIGO2.
X-ray annual modulation observed by XMM-Newton and Axion Quark Nugget Dark Matter
Creators: name: Ge, Shuailiang
name: Rachmat, Hikari
name: Siddiqui, Md Shahriar Rahim
name: Van Waerbeke, Ludovic
name: Zhitnitsky, Ariel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The XMM-Newton observatory shows evidence, with a 11$σ$ confidence level, for seasonal variation of the X-ray background in the near-Earth environment in the 2-6 keV energy range (Fraser et al. 2014). The authors argue that the observed seasonal variation suggests a possible link with dark matter. We propose an explanation which involves the Axion Quark Nugget (AQN) dark matter model. In our proposal, AQNs can cross the Earth and emit high energy photons at their exit. We show that the emitted spectrum is consistent with (Fraser et al. 2014), and that our calculation is not sensitive to the specific details of the model. Our proposal predicts a large seasonal variation, on the level of 20-25%, much larger than conventional dark matter models (1-10%). Since the AQN emission spectrum extends up to $\sim $ 100 keV, well beyond the keV sensitivity of XMM-Newton, we predict the AQN contribution to the hard X-ray and $γ$-ray backgrounds in the Earth's environment. The Gamma-Ray Burst Monitor (GBM) instrument, aboard the FERMI telescope, is sensitive to the 8 keV-40 MeV energy band. The NuSTAR (Nuclear Spectroscopic Telescope Array) is a NASA space based X ray telescope which operates in the range 3 to 79 keV is also sensitive to higher energy bands. We suggest that the multi-year archival data from the GBM or NuSTAR could be used to search for a seasonal variation in the near-Earth environment up to 100 keV as a future test of the AQN framework.
description: 38 pages, 12 figures, Accepted version in Physics of the Dark Universe
Monte Carlo studies of the Blume-Capel model on nonregular two- and three-dimensional lattices: Phase diagrams, tricriticality, and critical exponents
Creators: name: Azhari, Mouhcine
name: Yu, Unjong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We perform Monte Carlo simulations, combining both the Wang-Landau and the Metropolis algorithms, to investigate the phase diagrams of the Blume-Capel model on different types of nonregular lattices (Lieb lattice (LL), decorated triangular lattice (DTL), and decorated simple cubic lattice (DSC)). The nonregular character of the lattices induces a double transition (reentrant behavior) in the region of the phase diagram at which the nature of the phase transition changes from first-order to second-order. A physical mechanism underlying this reentrance is proposed. The large-scale Monte Carlo simulations are performed with the finite-size scaling analysis to compute the critical exponents and the critical Binder cumulant for three different values of the anisotropy $Δ/J \in \big\{ 0, 1, 1.34 \textrm{ (for LL)}, 1.51 \textrm{ (for DTL and DSC)} \big\}$, showing thus no deviation from the standard Ising universality class in two and three dimensions. We report also the location of the tricritical point to considerable precision: ($Δ_t/J=1.3457(1)$; $k_B T_t/J=0.309(2)$), ($Δ_t/J=1.5766(1)$; $k_B T_t/J=0.481(2)$), and ($Δ_t/J=1.5933(1)$; $k_B T_t/J=0.569(4)$) for LL, DTL, and DSC, respectively.
description: 16 pages, 7 figures
Additional file 1 of Moving beyond the classic difference-in-differences model: a simulation study comparing statistical methods for estimating effectiveness of state-level policies
Creators: name: Griffin, Beth Ann
name: Schuler, Megan S.
name: Stuart, Elizabeth A.
name: Patrick, Stephen
name: McNeer, Elizabeth
name: Smart, Rosanna
name: Powell, David
name: Stein, Bradley D.
name: Schell, Terry L.
name: Pacula, Rosalie Liccardo
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Cancer
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1.
Spontaneous fragmentation of topological black holes
Creators: name: Barbon, Jose L. F.
name: Martinez-Magan, Javier
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the metastability of Anti-de Sitter topological black holes with compact hyperbolic horizons. We focus on the five-dimensional case, an AdS/CFT dual to thermal states in the maximally supersymmetric large-N Yang-Mills theory, quantized on a three-dimensional compact hyperboloid. We estimate the various rates for quantum-statistical D3-brane emission, using WKB methods in the probe-brane approximation, including thermal tunneling and Schwinger pair production. The topological black holes are found to be metastable at high temperature. At low temperatures, D-branes are emitted without exponential suppression in superradiant modes, producing an instability in qualitative agreement with expectations from weakly-coupled gauge dynamics.
description: 19 pages, 4 figures
From lenticulars to blue compact dwarfs: the stellar mass fraction is regulated by disc gravitational instability
Creators: name: Romeo, Alessandro B.
name: Agertz, Oscar
name: Renaud, Florent
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The stellar-to-halo mass relation (SHMR) is not only one of the main sources of information we have on the connection between galaxies and their dark matter haloes, but also an important indicator of the performance of galaxy formation models. Here we use one of the largest sample of galaxies with both high-quality rotation curves and near-infrared surface photometry, and perform a detailed comparative analysis of the SHMR. Our analysis shows that there are significant statistical differences between popular forms of the SHMR, and illustrates the predictive power of a new physically motivated scaling relation, which connects the stellar mass fraction ($M_{\star}/M_{\mathrm{h}}$) to the stellar specific angular momentum ($j_{\star}$) and the stellar radial velocity dispersion ($σ_{\star}$) via disc gravitational instability. Making use of such a relation, we demonstrate (i) how challenging it is to reproduce the efficiency of galaxy formation even for state-of-the-art cosmological hydrodynamical simulations, and (ii) that the evolution of the stellar mass fraction is regulated by disc gravitational instability: when $M_{\star}/M_{\mathrm{h}}$ varies, $j_{\star}$ and $σ_{\star}$ also vary as predicted by our scaling relation, thus erasing the memory of such evolution. This implies that the process of disc gravitational instability is intriguingly uniform across disc galaxies of all morphological types: from lenticulars to blue compact dwarfs. In particular, the cosmic variance of Toomre's $Q$ is 0.2 dex, a universal value for both stars and atomic gas.
description: MNRAS, in press. Fig. 4, Sect. 4 and the last itemized paragraph of Sect. 5 are new, and demonstrate the importance of our results for the simulation community
Fermat's Last Theorem Implies Euclid's Infinitude of Primes
Creators: name: Elsholtz, Christian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11A41, 05D10, 11B75, 11D41

description: We show that Fermat's last theorem and a combinatorial theorem of Schur on monochromatic solutions of $a+b=c$ implies that there exist infinitely many primes. In particular, for small exponents such as $n=3$ or $4$ this gives a new proof of Euclid's theorem, as in this case Fermat's last theorem has a proof that does not use the infinitude of primes. Similarly, we discuss implications of Roth's theorem on arithmetic progressions, Hindman's theorem, and infinite Ramsey theory towards Euclid's theorem. As a consequence we see that Euclid's Theorem is a necessary condition for many interesting (seemingly unrelated) results in mathematics.
Mass-spin relation of black holes obtained by twin high-frequency quasi-periodic oscillations
Creators: name: Stefanov, Ivan Zhivkov
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The paper studies the uniqueness and the monotonicity of the mass-spin relation of black holes the X-ray power density spectra of which contain twin high-frequency quasi-periodic oscillations in 3:2 ratio. It is found that for geodesic models the properties of the mass-spin relation are independent of the observed frequencies, i.e. they are independent of the particular object. Some results are valid for all geodesic models. For concreteness two of the most commonly used models are studied here: the 3 : 1 nonlinear epicyclic resonance model and its Keplerian version.
Near-infrared studies of the 2010 outburst of the recurrent nova U Scorpii
Creators: name: Banerjee, D. P. K.
name: Das, R. K.
name: Ashok, N. M.
name: Rushton, M. T.
name: Eyres, S. P. S.
name: Maxwell, M. P.
name: Worters, H. L.
name: Evans, A.
name: Schaefer, B. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present near-IR observations of the 2010 outburst of U Sco. JHK photometry is presented on ten consecutive days starting from 0.59 days after outburst. Such photometry can gainfully be integrated into a larger database of other multi-wavelength data which aim to comprehensively study the evolution of U Sco. Early near-IR spectra, starting from 0.56 days after outburst, are presented and their general characteristics discussed. Early in the eruption, we see very broad wings in several spectral lines, with tails extending up to ~10000km/s along the line of sight; it is unexpected to have a nova with ejection velocities equal to those usually thought to be exclusive to supernovae. From recombination analysis, we estimate an upper limit of 10^-4.64[+0.92.-0.74]Msun for the ejected mass.
description: Accepted by MNRAS
Peierls bipolarons and localization in solid-state and molecular systems
Creators: name: Sous, John
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2019

description: In this thesis, I investigate the behavior of particles dressed by quantum field excitations and random interactions. First I consider two-carrier states in the Peierls model describing the modulation of the particle hopping due to lattice distortions. I compute the spectral response using the Momentum Average approximation. Combining accurate numerical techniques and analytical arguments, I provide a complete picture of the Peierls bipolarons. It is found that polarons bind into strongly bound yet light bipolarons in the singlet sector, even at large values of the electron-phonon coupling strength. At finite electron fillings, these bipolarons may condense into a high-Tc superconductor. On the other hand, phonons mediate a repulsive interaction in the triplet sector, or equivalently (in one dimension), between two hard-core particles, in which case the ground-state dimers bound by sufficiently attractive bare interactions exhibit two sharp transitions, one of which is the first known example of a self-trapping transition at the two-carrier level. In both situations, phonons mediate pair-hopping effective interactions between the carriers. I further study some aspects of the excited spectrum for the two hard-core particles, a situation relevant to ultracold quantum simulators. It is found that the repulsive phonon-mediated interaction binds a repulsive bipolaron embedded in the excited spectrum. I then turn to the study of quenched randomness in an ultracold molecular plasma. I argue that the quenched ultracold plasma presents an experimental platform for studying quantum many-body physics of disordered systems in the long-time and finite energy-density limits. I analyze an experiment that quenches a plasma of nitric oxide to an ultracold system of Rydberg molecules, ions and electrons that exhibits a long-lived state of arrested relaxation. The qualitative features of this state fail to conform with classical models. I develop a microscopic quantum description for the arrested phase based on an effective many-body spin Hamiltonian that includes both dipole-dipole and van der Waals interactions. This effective model appears to offer a way to envision the essential quantum disordered non-equilibrium physics of this system. This thesis thus examines the quantum many-body response in interacting systems coupled to bosonic fields or in disordered environments.
Enhanced Single Photon Emission from a Diamond-Silver Aperture
Creators: name: Choy, Jennifer T.
name: Hausmann, Birgit J. M.
name: Babinec, Thomas M.
name: Bulu, Irfan
name: Khan, Mughees
name: Maletinsky, Patrick
name: Yacoby, Amir
name: Lončar, Marko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have developed a scalable method for coupling single color centers in diamond to plasmonic resonators and demonstrated Purcell enhancement of the single photon emission rate of nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers. Our structures consist of single nitrogen-vacancy (NV) center-containing diamond nanoposts embedded in a thin silver film. We have utilized the strong plasmon resonances in the diamond-silver apertures to enhance the spontaneous emission of the enclosed dipole. The devices were realized by a combination of ion implantation and top-down nanofabrication techniques, which have enabled deterministic coupling between single NV centers and the plasmonic modes for multiple devices in parallel. The plasmon-enhanced NV centers exhibited over six-fold improvements in spontaneous emission rate in comparison to bare nanoposts and up to a factor of 3.6 in radiative lifetime reduction over bulk samples, with comparable increases in photon counts. The hybrid diamond-plasmon system presented here could provide a stable platform for the implementation of diamond-based quantum information processing and magnetometry schemes.
description: 16 pages, 4 figures
Additional file 1 of Moving beyond the classic difference-in-differences model: a simulation study comparing statistical methods for estimating effectiveness of state-level policies
Creators: name: Griffin, Beth Ann
name: Schuler, Megan S.
name: Stuart, Elizabeth A.
name: Patrick, Stephen
name: McNeer, Elizabeth
name: Smart, Rosanna
name: Powell, David
name: Stei, Bradley D.
name: Schell, Terry L.
name: Pacula, Rosalie Liccardo
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Cancer
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1.
Growth of the Wang-Casati-Prosen counter in an integrable billiard
Creators: name: Hwang, Zaijong
name: Marx, Christoph A.
name: Seaward, Joseph
name: Jitomirskaya, Svetlana
name: Olshanii, Maxim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This work is motivated by an article by Wang, Casati, and Prosen [Phys. Rev. E vol. 89, 042918 (2014)] devoted to a study of ergodicity in two-dimensional irrational right-triangular billiards. Numerical results presented there suggest that these billiards are generally not ergodic. However, they become ergodic when the billiard angle is equal to $π/2$ times a Liouvillian irrational, a Liouvillian irrational, a class of irrational numbers which are well approximated by rationals. In particular, Wang et al. study a special integer counter that reflects the irrational contribution to the velocity orientation; they conjecture that this counter is localized in the generic case, but grows in the Liouvillian case. We propose a generalization of the Wang-Casati-Prosen counter: this generalization allows to include rational billiards into consideration. We show that in the case of a $45^{\circ} \!\! : \! 45^{\circ} \!\! : \! 90^{\circ}$ billiard, the counter grows indefinitely, consistent with the Liouvillian scenario suggested by Wang et al.
description: 16 pages, 4 figures. Submission to SciPost
Phase Transition Induced Fission in Lipid Vesicles
Creators: name: Leirer, C.
name: Wunderlich, B.
name: Myles, V. M.
name: Schneider, M. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Subcellular Processes (q-bio.SC)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: In this work we demonstrate how the first order phase transition in giant unilamellar vesicles (GUVs) can function as a trigger for membrane fission. When driven through their gel-fluid phase transition GUVs exhibit budding or pearl formation. These buds remain connected to the mother vesicle presumably by a small neck. Cooling these vesicles from the fluid phase (T>Tm) through the phase transition into the gel state (T
W43: the closest molecular complex of the Galactic Bar?
Creators: name: Luong, Q. Nguyen
name: Motte, F.
name: Schuller, F.
name: Schneider, N.
name: Bontemps, S.
name: Schilke, P.
name: Menten, K. M.
name: Heitsch, F.
name: Wyrowski, F.
name: Carlhoff, P.
name: Bronfman, L.
name: Henning, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We used a large database extracted from Galaxy-wide surveys of H {\scriptsize I}, $^{13}$CO 1-0, $8 \micron$ and $870 \micron$ continuum to trace diffuse atomic gas, low- to medium-density molecular gas, high-density molecular gas, and star formation activity which we complemented by dedicated $^{12}$CO 2--1, 3--2 observations of the W43 region. From the detailed 3D (space-space-velocity) analysis of the molecular and atomic cloud tracers through the region and despite its wide velocity range (\emph{FWHM}$\sim22.3 \kms$ around $\vlsr\sim 95.9 \kms$), we identified W43 as a large (equivalent diameter $\sim 140$ pc) and coherent complex of molecular clouds which is surrounded by an atomic gas envelope (equivalent diameter $\sim 290$ pc). We measured the total mass of this newly-identified molecular complex ($M_{\tiny total}\sim 7.1 \times 10^6 \msun$), the mass contained in dense $870 \micron$ clumps ($<5$ pc dense cloud structures, $M_{\tiny clumps}\sim 8.4 \times 10^5 \msun$) and conclude that W43 is particularly massive and concentrated. The distance we assume for the W43 complex is 6 kpc from the Sun, which may place it at the meeting point of the Scutum-Centaurus (or Scutum-Crux) Galactic arm and the Bar, a dynamically complex region where high-velocity streams could easily collide. The star formation rate of W43 is suggested not to be steady but it is increasing from $\, \sim 0.01 \msun\, {yr}^{-1}$ (measured from its $8\,μ$m luminosity) to $\sim 0.1 \msun\, {yr}^{-1}$ (measured from its molecular content). From the global properties of W43, we claim it is an extreme molecular complex in the Milky Way and it could even be forming starburst clusters in the near future.
description: 16 pages, accepted for A&A (14 Feb 2011)
A geometric view on the generalized Proudman-Johnson and $r$-Hunter-Saxton equations
Creators: name: Bauer, Martin
name: Lu, Yuxiu
name: Maor, Cy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 58B20, 58D05, 53C60, 35Q35

description: We show that two families of equations on the real line, the generalized inviscid Proudman--Johnson equation, and the $r$-Hunter--Saxton equation (recently introduced by Cotter et al.) coincide for a certain range of parameters. This gives a new geometric interpretation of these Proudman--Johnson equations as geodesic equations of right invariant homogeneous $W^{1,r}$-Finsler metrics on an appropriate diffeomorphism group on $\mathbb{R}$. Generalizing a construction of Lenells for the Hunter--Saxton equation, we analyze the $r$-Hunter--Saxton equation using an isometry from the diffeomorphism group to an appropriate subset of real-valued functions. Thereby we show that the periodic case is equivalent to the geodesic equation on the $L^r$-sphere in the space of functions, and the non-periodic case is equivalent to a geodesic flow on a flat space. This allows us to give explicit solutions to these equations in the non-periodic case, and answer several questions of Cotter et al. regarding their limiting behavior.
description: version 3: corrected an error regarding the equivalence of the equations in the periodic case (there is equivalence only in the non-periodic case). Abstract and introduction were changed accordingly. version 2: minor changes
Traditional scholar-officials on the wings of modern law and statecraft : the Taedong hakhoe and its vision for the Korean ruling class in the final years of the Taehan Empire, 1907-1909
Creators: name: Park, Young Woo
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2019

description: The Taedong hakhoe (Scholarly Society of the Great East) was an organization active from 1907 to 1909, founded by a group of politically elite, Confucian-educated scholar-officials with the grand objective of mobilizing Confucian literati across Korea to propel the traditional order of knowledge—or the so-called “old learning”—back into the realm of “usefulness” in early-twentieth-century Korea. The Taedong hakhoe has been uncritically cast as a pro-Japanese collaborator in modern scholarship, which caricatures it as a puppet created and controlled by colonial interests. This study argues that the organization displayed greater initiative of its own than previously acknowledged, behaving rather like a political activist; that is, it rendered assessments of the present and future of the traditional ruling class that it sought to represent—namely, the scholar-officials and Confucian literati—and made discursive claims and practical adjustments to preserve the political hegemony that the elite class had built and enjoyed since the Chosŏn dynasty’s (1392-1897) foundation. Perceiving the rise of the “new learning”—modern, specialized knowledge and practices from the West—and the deteriorating relevance of the old learning in the political discourse of early-twentieth-century Korea as a critical threat to the traditional ruling class’s survival, the Taedong hakhoe actively promoted in the pages of its organ, the Taedong hakhoe wŏlbo (Taedong Hakhoe Monthly), the “usefulness” of Confucian erudition and Literary Sinitic (hanmun) in the project of civilization. It also strove to forge an equivalence between traditional Confucian statecraft and modern statecraft, thereby justifying the literati’s continued presence atop the changing sociopolitical hierarchy. Furthermore, the organization attempted to equip the literati with expertise in modern statecraft, operating the Taedong Specialized School (Taedong chŏnmun hakkyo), a private school that taught highly specialized and technical courses on law and politics to students exclusively from literati families. If the ruling elites of Chosŏn can be characterized as an “aristocratic/bureaucratic” class whose political power was sustained by the balance of hereditary aristocracy and Confucian meritocracy, what the Taedong hakhoe envisioned for the scholar-officials of modern Korea can be characterized as an “aristocratic/bureaucratic/technocratic” ruling class whose legitimacy would derive additionally from expertise in modern statecraft.
Summary of Theoretical Physics for ICPAQGP 2010
Creators: name: McLerran, Larry
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This talk includes a discussion of recent theory developments in the areas related to ultra-relativistic heavy ion collisions. It includes the topics of the Quark Gluon Plasma, Color Glass Condensate, Glasma and Quarkyonic Matter.
description: Presented at the International Conference on the Physics and Astrophysics of the Quark Gluon Plasma, Goa, India, December 5-10, 2011
Was darf die ÖPNV-Nutzung im Kontext sozialer Teilhabe kosten? : Ideen für Indikatoren der ÖPNV-Erschwinglichkeit
How expensive may public transport use be to ensure social inclusion? : Ideas for indicators of public transport affordability
Creators: name: Rozynek, Caroline
name: Mattioli, Giulio
name: Aberle, Christoph
Publisher: name: TUHH Universitätsbibliothek
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Public Transport
subject: Affordability
subject: Poverty
subject: Germany
subject: Europe
subject: Fare
subject: Tariff
subject: Transport Disadvantage
classificationCode: 300
subject: Social Sciences
classificationCode: 320
subject: Political Science
subject: FOS: Political science
classificationCode: 360
subject: Social Problems, Social Services
classificationCode: 380
subject: Commerce, Communications, Transport

description: In diesem Arbeitspapier gehen wir auf verschiedene Methoden ein, um die Leistbarkeit von ÖPNV-Dienstleistungen zu messen. Wir vergleichen Indikatoren, die im europäischen Ausland berechnet werden und erörtern drei Varianten, um den deutschen ÖPNV in Bezug auf seine Erschwinglichkeit zu bewerten.
description: In this working paper we address different methods to measure the affordability of public transport services. We compare indicators that have been calculated in other European countries and discuss three variants to assess German public transport systems in terms of affordability.
Hunting for Dark Matter and New Physics with GECCO
Creators: name: Coogan, Adam
name: Moiseev, Alexander
name: Morrison, Logan
name: Profumo, Stefano
name: Baring, Matthew G.
name: Bolotnikov, Aleksey
name: Carini, Gabriella A.
name: Herrmann, Sven C.
name: Longo, Francesco
name: Stecker, Floyd W.
name: Vigliano, Alessandro Armando
name: Woolf, Richard S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We outline the science opportunities in the areas of searches for dark matter and new physics offered by a proposed future MeV gamma-ray telescope, the Galactic Explorer with a Coded Aperture Mask Compton Telescope (GECCO). We point out that such an instrument would play a critical role in opening up a discovery window for particle dark matter with mass in the MeV or sub-MeV range, in disentangling the origin of the mysterious 511 keV line emission in the Galactic Center region, and in potentially discovering Hawking evaporation from light primordial black holes.
description: 27 pages, 10 figures, ~matches published version
Twisted gamma-filtration of a linear algebraic group
Creators: name: Zainoulline, Kirill
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 20G15, 14C25, 14L30

description: In the present notes we introduce and study the twisted gamma-filtration on K_0(G), where G is a split simple linear algebraic group over a field of characteristic prime to the order of the center of G. We apply this filtration to construct torsion elements in the gamma-ring of an inner form of the variety of Borel subgroups of G.
description: 10 pages
Acute effect of high-intensity interval training on testosterone and cortisol levels in healthy individuals: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Creators: name: Dote-Montero, Manuel
name: Carneiro‐Barrera, Almudena
name: Vizcaíno, Vicente Martínez
name: Jonatan R. Ruiz
name: Amaro-Gahete, Francisco J.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 110604 Sports Medicine
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 110306 Endocrinology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Suplementary materials for the article titled "Acute effect of high-intensity interval training on testosterone and cortisol levels in healthy individuals: A systematic review and meta-analysis"
Fair Resource Allocation for Demands with Sharp Lower Tail Inequalities
Creators: name: Mettanant, Vacharapat
name: Fakcharoenphol, Jittat
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: Computer Science and Game Theory (cs.GT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: F.2.2; G.3

description: We consider a fairness problem in resource allocation where multiple groups demand resources from a common source with the total fixed amount. The general model was introduced by Elzayn et al. [FAT*'19]. We follow Donahue and Kleinberg [FAT*'20] who considered the case when the demand distribution is known. We show that for many common demand distributions that satisfy sharp lower tail inequalities, a natural allocation that provides resources proportional to each group's average demand performs very well. More specifically, this natural allocation is approximately fair and efficient (i.e., it provides near maximum utilization). We also show that, when small amount of unfairness is allowed, the Price of Fairness (PoF), in this case, is close to 1.
Additional file 1 of Timing of inspiratory muscle activity detected from airway pressure and flow during pressure support ventilation: the waveform method
Creators: name: Mojoli, Francesco
name: Pozzi, Marco
name: Orlando, Anita
name: Bianchi, Isabella M.
name: Arisi, Eric
name: Iotti, Giorgio A.
name: Braschi, Antonio
name: Brochard, Laurent
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1. Patients' characteristics and waveform method performance.
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titleType: Subtitle
title: Accounting of fixed assets according to Russian standards and IFRS
Creators: name: ÐÐµÐ»ÑÑÐ¸Ð½Ð°, ÐÐ½Ð°ÑÑÐ°ÑÐ¸Ñ
Publisher: name: Ð¡Ð°Ð½ÐºÑ-ÐÐµÑÐµÑÐ±ÑÑÐ³ÑÐºÐ¸Ð¹ Ð¿Ð¾Ð»Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐ½Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¸Ð¹ ÑÐ½Ð¸Ð²ÐµÑÑÐ¸ÑÐµÑ ÐÐµÑÑÐ° ÐÐµÐ»Ð¸ÐºÐ¾Ð³Ð¾
Year: 2018
Subjects: Ð¾ÑÐ½Ð¾Ð²Ð½ÑÐµ ÑÑÐµÐ´ÑÑÐ²Ð°
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description: ÐÐ±ÑÐµÐºÑÐ¾Ð¼ Ð¸ÑÑÐ»ÐµÐ´Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ ÑÐ²Ð»ÑÐµÑÑÑ ÐÐÐ Â«ÐÐ¾Ð²Ð¾ÑÐ¾Ð²Ð° 35Â».
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description: The Object of study is LLC âGovorova 35".
 The purpose of the master's thesis is to study the specifics of the accounting of fixed assets according to Russian standards and IFRS.
 The analysis of the object of research was conducted, the peculiarities of economic activity and the organization of accounting records of the asset were identified, the analysis of the effectiveness of the use of assets at the enterprise was carried out.
 The problems in the organization of the accounting system are highlighted and measures for their solution are proposed. Including clearly shows the positive dynamics of growth of own capital in the liabilities side of the balance sheet and the improvement of financial stability indicators as a result of the reassessment of fixed assets.
Metabifurcation analysis of a mean field model of the cortex
Creators: name: Frascoli, Federico
name: van Veen, Lennaert
name: Bojak, Ingo
name: Liley, David T J
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 37G99, 65P99

description: Mean field models (MFMs) of cortical tissue incorporate salient features of neural masses to model activity at the population level. One of the common aspects of MFM descriptions is the presence of a high dimensional parameter space capturing neurobiological attributes relevant to brain dynamics. We study the physiological parameter space of a MFM of electrocortical activity and discover robust correlations between physiological attributes of the model cortex and its dynamical features. These correlations are revealed by the study of bifurcation plots, which show that the model responses to changes in inhibition belong to two families. After investigating and characterizing these, we discuss their essential differences in terms of four important aspects: power responses with respect to the modeled action of anesthetics, reaction to exogenous stimuli, distribution of model parameters and oscillatory repertoires when inhibition is enhanced. Furthermore, while the complexity of sustained periodic orbits differs significantly between families, we are able to show how metamorphoses between the families can be brought about by exogenous stimuli. We unveil links between measurable physiological attributes of the brain and dynamical patterns that are not accessible by linear methods. They emerge when the parameter space is partitioned according to bifurcation responses. This partitioning cannot be achieved by the investigation of only a small number of parameter sets, but is the result of an automated bifurcation analysis of a representative sample of 73,454 physiologically admissible sets. Our approach generalizes straightforwardly and is well suited to probing the dynamics of other models with large and complex parameter spaces.