cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Unique Identification of 50,000+ Virtual Reality Users from Head & Hand Motion Data
Creators: name: Nair, Vivek
name: Guo, Wenbo
name: Mattern, Justus
name: Wang, Rui
name: O'Brien, James F.
name: Rosenberg, Louis
name: Song, Dawn
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: With the recent explosive growth of interest and investment in virtual reality (VR) and the so-called "metaverse," public attention has rightly shifted toward the unique security and privacy threats that these platforms may pose. While it has long been known that people reveal information about themselves via their motion, the extent to which this makes an individual globally identifiable within virtual reality has not yet been widely understood. In this study, we show that a large number of real VR users (N=55,541) can be uniquely and reliably identified across multiple sessions using just their head and hand motion relative to virtual objects. After training a classification model on 5 minutes of data per person, a user can be uniquely identified amongst the entire pool of 50,000+ with 94.33% accuracy from 100 seconds of motion, and with 73.20% accuracy from just 10 seconds of motion. This work is the first to truly demonstrate the extent to which biomechanics may serve as a unique identifier in VR, on par with widely used biometrics such as facial or fingerprint recognition.
On a variational theorem of Gauduchon and torsion-critical manifolds
Creators: name: Zhang, Dongmei
name: Zheng, Fangyang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53C55

description: In 1984, Gauduchon considered the functional of $L^2$-norm of his torsion $1$-form on a compact Hermitian manifold. He obtained the Euler-Lagrange equation for this functional, and showed that in dimension $2$ the critical metrics must be balanced (namely with vanishing torsion $1$-form). In this note we extend his result to higher dimensions, and show that critical metrics are balanced in all dimensions. We also consider the $L^2$-norm of the full Chern torsion, and show by examples that there are critical points of this functional that are not Kähler.
Engaging with Wikidata: Benefits and impacts for botanists and institutions
Creators: name: von Mering, Sabine
name: Leachman, Siobhan
name: Santos, Joaquim
name: Meudt, Heidi
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity informatics
Bionomia
Digital outreach
Impact
Linked open data
Wikidata

description: The conference poster submitted to the International Botanical Congress 2024 by the organisers of the Wikidata WikiProject IBC 2024.

Digital outreach is an increasingly important way for scientists and institutions to communicate scientific research, including all aspects of botanical research, to audiences both inside and outside the scientific community. This poster shows examples of how and why botanists can (and should) contribute biodiversity information to Wikidata. There are many ways that botanists can get involved in this space, including contributing research images, specimens, publications, and information about scientists, botanical collectors, taxonomic data, plant taxa, and other aspects of plants and biodiversity.

We explain the benefits and impact of Wikidata engagement both for individuals and institutions. One of the biggest impacts of such engagement is the reuse of Wikidata data and identifiers (QIDs) in other platforms such as Bionomia, Scholia, BHL, GBIF, VIAF and others. This reuse can ensure botanists get increased acknowledgement and recognition for their contributions, such as publications, collecting and identification of specimens, and the documented use of those specimens in research. 

We also discuss the opportunities and benefits of “roundtripping” Wikidata items in institutional collection management systems and natural history institution websites, as well as querying Wikidata to help answer questions of relevance to the botanical community. 

We also show some successful and inspiring examples of biodiversity knowledge, images and metadata that scientists, institutions and Wikimedians are adding to Wikidata and the wider Wikiverse.
Methods and restrictions to increase the volume of resonant rectangular-section haloscopes for detecting dark matter axions
Creators: name: García-Barceló, J. M.
name: Melcón, A. Álvarez
name: Díaz-Morcillo, A.
name: Gimeno, B.
name: Lozano-Guerrero, A. J.
name: Monzo-Cabrera, J.
name: Navarro-Madrid, J. R.
name: Navarro, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Haloscopes are resonant cavities that serve as detectors of dark matter axions when they are immersed in a strong static magnetic field. In order to increase the volume and improve its introduction within dipole or solenoid magnets for axion searches, various haloscope design techniques for rectangular geometries are discussed in this study. The volume limits of two types of haloscopes are explored: based on single cavities and based on multicavities. For both cases, possibilities for increasing the volume in long and/or tall structures are presented. For multicavities, 1D geometries are explored to optimize the space in the magnets. Also, 2D and 3D geometries are introduced as a first step for laying the foundations for the development of these kind of topologies. The results prove the usefulness of the developed methods, evidencing the ample room of improvement in rectangular haloscope designs nowadays. A factor of three orders of magnitude improvement in volume compared with a single cavity based on WR-90 standard waveguide is obtained with the design of a long and tall single cavity. Similar procedures have been applied for long and tall multicavities. Experimental measurements are shown for prototypes based on tall multicavities and 2D structures, demonstrating the feasibility of using these types of geometries to increase the volume in real haloscopes.
Patterns of Colorectal Cancer Care in the United States: 1990–2010
Creators: name: Lund, Jennifer L.
name: Harlan, Linda C.
name: Murphy, Caitlin C.
name: Geiger, Ann M.
name: Lynch, Charles F.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: Colorectal cancer (CRC) mortality has declined in the United States, in part because of advances in treatment. Few studies have evaluated the adoption of therapies and temporal changes in patterns of care.
Archivio storico per le province napoletane. N.S. A.13, Vol. 52. dell’intera collezione, n.1-4 (15 maggio 1928)
Creators: name: Cortese, Nino
name: Nicolini, Nicola
name: Pieri, Piero
name: Schipa, Michelangelo
name: Sapori, Armando
name: Bresciano, Giovanni
name: Speziale, Giuseppe Carlo
name: Parente, Alfredo
Publisher: name: Napoli : R. Deputazione napoletana di storia patria, 1927 [i.e. 1928]
Year: 2020

description: N.S. A.13, Vol. 52. dell’intera collezione, n.1-4 (15 mag 1928): N. Cortese, Il ducato di Sorrento e Stabia ed il suo "territorium” , P. 5-58 ; N. Nicolini, Il Consolato generale veneto nel Regno di Napoli, P. 59-135 ; P. Pieri, II Regno di Napoli dalluglio 1799 al marzo 1802, P. 136-286 ; M. Schipa, I Napoletani in Lombardia nella campagna Nel 1848 (da un manoscritto inedito), P.287-345 ; A. Sapori, Lettera di Niccolò Acciaiuoli a Niccolò Soderini (1363), P. 346-365 ; G. Bresciano, Documenti inediti concernenti artisti napoletani del Quattro e Cinquecento, P. 366-378 ; G. C. Speziale, Alcuni episodi inediti della guerra del 1734 in Puglia, P. 379-389 ; A. Parente, La rinunzia di Giuseppe Capecelatro all'arcivescovato di Taranto e i suoi rapporti con la Corte Pontificia, P. 390-395 ; N. Cortese, Una lettera Inedita di Carlo Pisacane, P. 396-398.
LY3041658/ interleukin-8 complex structure as targets for IL-8 small molecule inhibitors discovery using a combination of in silico methods
Creators: name: Tran, T.T.N.
name: Tran, Q.H.
name: Nguyen, Q.T.
name: Le, M.T.
name: Trinh, D.T.T.
name: Tran, V.H.
name: Thai, K.M.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Since interleukin-8 (IL-8/CXCL8) and its receptor, CXCR1 and CXCR2, were known in the early 1990s, biological pathways related to these proteins were proven to have high clinical value in cancer and inﬂammatory/autoimmune conditions treatment. Recently, IL-8 has been identified as biomarker for severe COVID-19 patients and COVID-19 prognosis. Boyles et al. (mAbs 12 (2020), pp. 1831880) have published a high-resolution X-ray crystal structure of the LY3041658 Fab in a complex human CXCL8. They described the ability to bind to IL-8 and the blocking of IL-8/its receptors interaction by the LY3041658 monoclonal antibody. Therefore, the study has been designed to identify potential small molecules inhibiting interleukin-8 by targeting LY3041658/IL-8 complex structure using an in silico approach. A structure‑based pharmacophore and molecular docking models of the protein active site cavity were generated to identify possible candidates, followed by virtual screening with the ZINC database. ADME analysis of hit compounds was also conducted. Molecular dynamics simulations were then performed to survey the behaviour and stability of the ligand-protein complexes. Furthermore, the MM/PBSA technique has been utilized to evaluate the free binding energy. The final data confirmed that one newly obtained compound, ZINC21882765, may serve as the best potential inhibitor for IL-8.
A composite electrodynamic mechanism to reconcile spatiotemporally resolved exciton transport in quantum dot superlattices
Creators: name: Yuan, Rongfeng
name: Roberts, Trevor D.
name: Brinn, Rafaela M.
name: Choi, Alexander A.
name: Park, Ha H.
name: Yan, Chang
name: Ondry, Justin C.
name: Khorasani, Siamak
name: Masiello, David J.
name: Xu, Ke
name: Alivisatos, A. Paul
name: Ginsberg, Naomi S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum dot (QD) solids are promising optoelectronic materials; further advancing their device functionality depends on understanding their energy transport mechanisms. The commonly invoked near-field Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) theory often underestimates the exciton hopping rate in QD solids, yet no consensus exists on the underlying cause. In response, we use time-resolved ultrafast stimulated emission depletion (TRUSTED) microscopy, an ultrafast transformation of stimulated emission depletion (STED) microscopy to spatiotemporally resolve exciton diffusion in tellurium-doped CdSe-core/CdS-shell QD superlattices. We measure the concomitant time-resolved exciton energy decay due to excitons sampling a heterogeneous energetic landscape within the superlattice. The heterogeneity is quantified by single-particle emission spectroscopy. This powerful multimodal set of observables provides sufficient constraints on a kinetic Monte Carlo simulation of exciton transport to elucidate a composite transport mechanism that includes both near-field FRET and previously-neglected far-field emission/reabsorption contributions. Uncovering this mechanism offers a much-needed unified framework in which to characterize transport in QD solids and additional principles for device design.
description: 48 pages, including supplement
Additional file 4 of Beyond “study skills”: a curriculum-embedded framework for metacognitive development in a college chemistry course
Creators: name: Gamby, Sonja
name: Bauer, Christopher F.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 4: Codebook.
Precoding-oriented Massive MIMO CSI Feedback Design
Creators: name: Carpi, Fabrizio
name: Venkatesan, Sivarama
name: Du, Jinfeng
name: Viswanathan, Harish
name: Garg, Siddharth
name: Erkip, Elza
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Downlink massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) precoding algorithms in frequency division duplexing (FDD) systems rely on accurate channel state information (CSI) feedback from users. In this paper, we analyze the tradeoff between the CSI feedback overhead and the performance achieved by the users in systems in terms of achievable rate. The final goal of the proposed system is to determine the beamforming information (i.e., precoding) from channel realizations. We employ a deep learning-based approach to design the end-to-end precoding-oriented feedback architecture, that includes learned pilots, users' compressors, and base station processing. We propose a loss function that maximizes the sum of achievable rates with minimal feedback overhead. Simulation results show that our approach outperforms previous precoding-oriented methods, and provides more efficient solutions with respect to conventional methods that separate the CSI compression blocks from the precoding processing.
description: 6 pages, IEEE ICC 2023
Phase diagram of La_{5/8-y}Nd_{y}Ca_{3/8}MnO_3 manganites
Creators: name: Sacanell, Joaquín
name: Levy, Pablo
name: Leyva, Ana G.
name: Parisi, Francisco
name: Ghivelder, Luis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report a detailed study of the electric transport and magnetic properties of the LaNdCaMnO manganite system. Substitution of LaIII by smaller NdIII ions, reduces the mean ionic radius of the A site ion. We have studied samples in the entire range between rich La and rich Nd compounds. Results of DC magnetization and resistivity show that doping destabilize the FM character of the pure La compound and triggers the formation of a phase separated state at intermediate doping. We have also found evidence of a dynamical behaviour within the phase separated state. A phase diagram is constructed, summarizing the effect of chemical substitution on the system.
description: 15 pages, 8 figures
Experimental Demonstration of A Dual-Input/Dual-Output Reflective Impedance Metasurface
Creators: name: Keyrouz, Jean Louis
name: Ataloglou, Vasileios G.
name: Eleftheriades, George V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper presents the experimental demonstration of a dual-input/dual-output reflective impedance metasurface. The design of the metasurface relies on the Method of Moments and leverages auxiliary surface waves to achieve anomalous reflection of two impinging plane waves with controlled sidelobe levels. The two beams are chosen independently compared to those in a conventional phase-gradient metasurface where the design presents a single slope to achieve a certain reflection and all other incident beams would depend on that slope. A prototype that ensures maximum directivity at two prescribed reflection angles for the two input waves is then fabricated on a Rogers RO3003 printed-circuit board using 42 metawires loaded with printed capacitors. The proposed metasurface is capable of reflecting an incident beam from $-20^\circ$ to $-55^\circ$ and a second from $+10^\circ$ to $50^\circ$ at 9.93 GHz. The metasurface is experimentally characterized and an illumination efficiency of at least 89% is calculated for each of the reflected waves, indicating a high multiplexing efficacy.
Predictive Value Tools as an Aid in Chemopreventive Agent Development
Creators: name: Steele, Vernon E.
name: Ransohoff, David
name: Dunn, Barbara K.
name: Topp, Carol F.
name: Kramer, Barnett S.
name: Fagerstrom, Richard M.
name: Ford, Leslie G.
name: Cunningham, Christopher
name: Lubet, Ron
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: Over 25 years, the National Cancer Institute’s Division of Cancer Prevention has entered some 800 agents into a chemopreventive agent testing program. Two critical steps involve: 1) in vitro/in vivo morphologic assays and 2) animal tumor assays (incidence/multiplicity reduction). We sought to determine how accurately the earlier-stage (morphologic) assays predict efficacy in the later-stage (animal tumor) assays.
Estimation of the Extragalactic Background Light using TeV Observations of BL~Lacs
Creators: name: Sinha, Atreyee
name: Sahayanathan, Sunder
name: Misra, Ranjeev
name: Godambe, Sagar
name: Acharya, B. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The very high energy (VHE) gamma ray spectral index of high energy peaked blazars correlates strongly with its corresponding redshift whereas no such correlation is observed in the X-ray or the GeV bands. We attribute this correlation to a result of photon-photon absorption of TeV photons with the extragalactic background light (EBL) and utilizing this, we compute the allowed flux range for the EBL, which is independent of previous estimates. The observed VHE spectrum of the sources in our sample can be well approximated by a power-law, and if the de-absorbed spectrum is also assumed to be a power law, then we show that the spectral shape of EBL will be $εn(ε) \sim k log(\fracε{ε_p}) $. We estimate the range of values for the parameters defining the EBL spectrum, $k$ and $ε_p$, such that the correlation of the intrinsic VHE spectrum with redshift is nullified. The estimated EBL depends only on the observed correlation and the assumption of a power law source spectrum. Specifically, it does not depend on the spectral modeling or radiative mechanism of the sources, nor does it depend on any theoretical shape of the EBL spectrum obtained through cosmological calculations. The estimated EBL spectrum is consistent with the upper and lower limits imposed by different observations. Moreover, it also agrees closely with the theoretical estimates obtained through cosmological evolution models.
description: 28 pages, 5 figures, Accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journal
High-kinetic inductance NbN films for high-quality compact superconducting resonators
Creators: name: Frasca, Simone
name: Arabadzhiev, Ivo Nikolaev
name: de Puechredon, Sebastien Yves Bros
name: Oppliger, Fabian
name: Jouanny, Vincent
name: Musio, Roberto
name: Scigliuzzo, Marco
name: Minganti, Fabrizio
name: Scarlino, Pasquale
name: Charbon, Edoardo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Niobium nitride (NbN) is a particularly promising material for quantum technology applications, as entails the degree of reproducibility necessary for large-scale of superconducting circuits. We demonstrate that resonators based on NbN thin films present a one-photon internal quality factor above 10$^5$ maintaining a high impedance (larger than 2k$Ω$), with a footprint of approximately 50x100 $μ$m$^2$ and a self-Kerr nonlinearity of few tenths of Hz. These quality factors, mostly limited by losses induced by the coupling to two-level systems, have been maintained for kinetic inductances ranging from tenths to hundreds of pH/square. We also demonstrate minimal variations in the performance of the resonators during multiple cooldowns over more than nine months. Our work proves the versatility of niobium nitride high-kinetic inductance resonators, opening perspectives towards the fabrication of compact, high-impedance and high-quality multimode circuits, with sizable interactions.
description: 12 pages, 8 figures
Density-matrix-renormalization-group-based downfolding of the three-band Hubbard model: the importance of density-assisted hopping
Creators: name: Jiang, Shengtao
name: Scalapino, Douglas J.
name: White, Steven R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Typical Wannier-function downfolding starts with a mean-field or density functional set of bands to construct the Wannier functions. Here we carry out a controlled approach, using DMRG-computed natural orbital bands, to downfold the three-band Hubbard model to an effective single band model. A sharp drop-off in the natural orbital occupancy at the edge of the first band provides a clear justification for a single-band model. Constructing Wannier functions from the first band, we compute all possible two-particle terms and retain those with significant magnitude. The resulting single-band model includes two-site density-assisted hopping terms with $t_n \sim 0.6 t$. These terms lead to a reduction of the ratio $U/t_{\rm eff}$, and are important in capturing the doping-asymmetric carrier mobility, as well as in enhancing the pairing in a single-band model for the hole-doped cuprates.
description: 7+4 pages, 4+5 figures; revised some writings
Efficiency of biopreparations based on strains of nitrogen-fixing bacteria in the productivity of alfalfa in the conditions of Central Yakutia.
Creators: name: M. T. Yakovleva
Publisher: name: International   Agricultural   Journal
Year: 2018
Subjects: alfalfa
inoculation
strains
nodule bacteria NB
associative rhizobacteria ARBC
yield.

description: Long-term experimental data on the effect of strains of nodule and associative bacteria on the yield of alfalfa, which increase the agrochemical parameters of permafrost soils in Central Yakutia, are presented.
Magneto-optical sensing of the pressure driven magnetic ground states in bulk CrSBr
Creators: name: Pawbake, A.
name: Pelini, T.
name: Mohelsky, I.
name: Jana, D.
name: Breslavetz, I.
name: Cho, C. -W.
name: Orlita, M.
name: Potemski, M.
name: Measson, M. -A.
name: Wilson, N.
name: Mosina, K.
name: Soll, A.
name: Sofer, Z.
name: Piot, B. A.
name: Zhitomirsky, M. E.
name: Faugeras, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Competition between exchange interactions and magnetocrystalline anisotropy may bring new magnetic states that are of great current interest. An applied hydrostatic pressure can further be used to tune their balance. In this work we investigate the magnetization process of a biaxial antiferromagnet in an external magnetic field applied along the easy axis. We find that the single metamagnetic transition of the Ising type observed in this material under ambient pressure transforms under hydrostatic pressure into two transitions, a first-order spin flop transition followed by a second order transition towards a polarized ferromagnetic state near saturation. This reversible tuning into a new magnetic phase is obtained in layered bulk CrSBr at low temperature by varying the interlayer distance using high hydrostatic pressure, which efficiently acts on the interlayer magnetic exchange, and is probed by magneto-optical spectroscopy.
description: 3 Figures, 6 pages. To appear in ACS NanoLetters
Problems and ways of solution in the development of renewable energy sources in the Republic of Kazakhstan
Creators: name: Yeleukulova, Aina N.
Publisher: name: International   Agricultural   Journal
Year: 2018
Subjects: proceeded in the sources of electric power
power engineering specialist
energy-savings
energy efficiency
national power system
fixed tariff.

description: The article considers the existing problems in the electric power industry of the Republic of Kazakhstan at the present stage. The analysis revealed environmental and economic problems. The reasons for need to develop the branch of green energy for the country are specified. The production of renewable energy sources in recent years in Kazakhstan and in the world was analyzed. The ways of solving problems in the further development of alternative energy were revealed.
Magnetic tuning of band topology evidenced by exotic quantum oscillations in the Dirac semimetal EuMnSb$_2$
Creators: name: Zhao, Kan
name: Chen, Xuejiao
name: Wang, Zhaosheng
name: Liu, Jinyu
name: Wu, Jiating
name: Xi, Chuanying
name: Lv, Xiaodong
name: Li, Lei
name: Zhong, Zhicheng
name: Gegenwart, Philipp
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Interplay between magnetism and electronic band topology is of central current interest in topological matter research. We use quantum oscillations as powerful tool to probe the evolution of band topology in the Dirac semimetal EuMnSb$_2$. The Eu local 4f magnetic moments display different antiferromagnetic states below 25 K and a field-polarized phase above 16 T. Upon cooling from 65 K into the field-polarized state, an exotic temperature dependent shift of oscillation peaks arises, accompanied by the development of non-zero Berry phase and a huge unconventional splitting of the oscillations. Band-structure calculations confirm the change from trivial to non-trivial band topology induced by the ferromagnetic Eu state, classifying EuMnSb$_2$ as unique magnetic topological semimetal.
description: Spin degeneracy splitting of the Dirac band evidenced by high field SdH oscillations; Accepted for publication as Letter in PRB
Background Subtraction Uncertainty from Submillimetre to Millimetre Wavelengths
Creators: name: Ferraro, Simone
name: Hensley, Brandon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Photometric observations of galaxies at submillimetre to millimetre wavelengths (50 - 1000 GHz) are susceptible to spatial variations in both the background CMB temperature and CIB emission that can be comparable to the flux from the target galaxy. We quantify the residual uncertainty when background emission inside a circular aperture is estimated by the mean flux in a surrounding annular region, assumed to have no contribution from the source of interest. We present simple formulae to calculate this uncertainty as a function of wavelength and aperture size. Drawing on examples from the literature, we illustrate the use of our formalism in practice and highlight cases in which uncertainty in the background subtraction needs to be considered in the error analysis. We make the code used to calculate the uncertainties publicly available on the web.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures, comments welcome
Digital scholarly primitives: how data curation/implementation/aggregation and mapping happen in ArkeoGIS
Creators: name: BERNARD Loup
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: ArkeoGIS, GIS, raw data share, open, platform, archaeology

description: ArkeoGIS is a multidisciplinary application. The databases come from different sources: institutional researchers’ work, graduate students’ researches, private companies and archaeological heritage management services. They also come from palaeoenvironementalists’, geographers’ and historians’ work. Multidisciplinarity is spurred and promoted All these shared databases are available and can be queried through the webGIS by ArkeoGIS' users.
 Each user have its own personal and customizable project interface. One can query online all or only a part of these databases, display the results on multiple backgrounds maps, save and export them towards other tools one might use (CSV export).
 Actually in release 4.2 the poster will present the latest evolutions of the tool (multichronology and shape display), and encourage users to create new communities using the platform but also discuss how the scholarly primitives evolve with digital tools
Cosmic Radioactivity and Galactic Chemical Evolution
Creators: name: Diehl, Roland
name: Prantzos, Nikos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The description of the tempo-spatial evolution of the composition of cosmic gas on galactic scales is called 'modelling galactic chemical evolution'. It aims to use knowledge about sources of nucleosynthesis and how they change the composition of interstellar gas, following the formation of stars and the ejection of products from nuclear fusion during their evolution and terminating explosions. Sources of nucleosynthesis are diverse: Stars with hydrostatic nuclear burning eject some of the products, and core-collapse supernovae add ejecta. Binary interactions lead to sources such as thermonuclear supernovae and kilonovae. Tracing ejecta from sources, with their different frequencies and environments, through the interstellar medium and successive star formation cycles is the goal of model descriptions. A variety of formalisms exist, from analytical through semi-analytical, numerical or stochastic approaches, gradually making descriptions of compositional evolution of cosmic matter more realistic, teaching us about the astrophysical processes involved in this complex aspect of our universe. Radioactive isotopes add important ingredients to such modelling: The intrinsic clock of the radioactive decay process adds a new aspect to the modelling algorithms that leads to different constraints on the important unknowns of star formation activity and interstellar transports. Several prominent examples illustrate how modelling the abundances of radioactive isotopes and their evolution have resulted in new lessons; among these are the galaxy-wide distribution of 26Al and 60Fe, the radioactive components of cosmic rays, the interpretations of terrestrial deposits of 60Fe and 244Pu, and the radioactive-decay daughter isotopes that were found in meteorites and characterise the birth environment of our solar system.
description: 72 pages, 33 figures. Invited contribution for Handbook of Nuclear Physics; accepted 8 Feb 2023
Additional file 1 of The haemostatic effect of deep-frozen platelets versus room temperature-stored platelets in the treatment of surgical bleeding: MAFOD—study protocol for a randomized controlled non-inferiority trial
Creators: name: Rijnhout, Tim W. H.
name: Noorman, Femke
name: van der Horst, Robert A.
name: Tan, Edward C. T. H.
name: Viersen, Victor V. A.
name: van Waes, Oscar J. F.
name: van de Watering, Leo M. G.
name: van der Burg, B. L. S. Borger
name: Zwaginga, Jaap J.
name: Verhofstad, Michael H. J.
name: Hoencamp, Rigo
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Hematology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases

description: Additional file 1. SPIRIT Checklist for Trials.
Quantum utility -- definition and assessment of a practical quantum advantage
Creators: name: Herrmann, Nils
name: Arya, Daanish
name: Doherty, Marcus W.
name: Mingare, Angus
name: Pillay, Jason C.
name: Preis, Florian
name: Prestel, Stefan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Several benchmarks have been proposed to holistically measure quantum computing performance. While some have focused on the end user's perspective (e.g., in application-oriented benchmarks), the real industrial value taking into account the physical footprint of the quantum processor are not discussed. Different use-cases come with different requirements for size, weight, power consumption, or data privacy while demanding to surpass certain thresholds of fidelity, speed, problem size, or precision. This paper aims to incorporate these characteristics into a concept coined quantum utility, which demonstrates the effectiveness and practicality of quantum computers for various applications where quantum advantage -- defined as either being faster, more accurate, or demanding less energy -- is achieved over a classical machine of similar size, weight, and cost. To successively pursue quantum utility, a level-based classification scheme -- constituted as application readiness levels (ARLs) -- as well as extended classification labels are introduced. These are demonstratively applied to different quantum applications from the fields of quantum chemistry, quantum simulation, quantum machine learning, and data analysis followed by a brief discussion.
Risk-Benefit Profiles of Women Using Tamoxifen for Chemoprevention
Creators: name: Nichols, Hazel B.
name: DeRoo, Lisa A.
name: Sandler, Dale P.
name: Scharf, Daniel R.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: Tamoxifen has been US Food and Drug Administration–approved for primary prevention of breast cancer since 1998 but has not been widely adopted, in part because of increased risk of serious side effects. Little is known about the risk-benefit profiles of women who use chemoprevention outside of a clinical trial. We examined characteristics associated with initiation and discontinuation of tamoxifen for primary prevention of breast cancer within a large cohort of women with a first-degree family history of breast cancer.
Exploiting Decision Trees to Detect Indirect Discrimination
Creators: name: Gouveia, Filipe
name: Lynce, Inês
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description: Machine learning systems are increasingly present in our everyday lives, making decisions in multiple scenarios such as credit loans or advertisement displays. For this reason, there is a crescent concern regarding fairness in applying machine learning systems. Fairness is particularly relevant when such systems can affect a person's life.

When training classification models, several approaches consider that some attributes are protected to avoid discriminatory behavior. Hence, a model should not use these attributes to make a decision.These attributes are typically sensitive features for which it is desired not to have discriminatory behavior or bias (e.g., race or gender).However, it may be possible to infer information of a protected attribute based on other non-protected attributes' data, leading to (indirect) discriminatory behavior even without using the protected attributes.

In this work, we introduce an approach to assess whether a dataset used to train a machine learning model contains potential sources of indirect discrimination. This approach exploits the use of decision trees to identify such potential sources of discrimination.We can identify from which attributes it is possible to infer information regarding a protected attribute. These attributes are called proxy attributes.Moreover, we consider sets of proxy attributes from which it is possible to infer sensitive information when combined. If these attributes were deemed separately, no information could be inferred.

The proposed approach is applied to several datasets used in fairness-awareness studies. The experimental evaluation identifies possible reasons for indirect discriminatory behavior in the datasets.Moreover, the evaluation also considers thresholds that allow the identification of proxy attributes with a certain degree of certainty. Therefore, we can identify proxy attributes even when the dataset contains noisy data.
The autocorrelation of the Möbius function and Chowla's conjecture for the rational function field in characteristic 2
Creators: name: Carmon, Dan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We prove a function field version of Chowla's conjecture on the autocorrelation of the Möbius function in the limit of a large finite field of characteristic 2.
Electromagnetic counterparts of high-frequency gravitational waves in a rotating laboratory frame system and their detection
Creators: name: Li, Fang-Yu
name: Yu, Hao
name: Li, Jin
name: Wei, Lian-Fu
name: Jiang, Qing-Quan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the perturbative photon flows (PPFs, i.e., electromagnetic (EM) counterparts) generated by the EM resonance response to high-frequency gravitational waves (HFGWs) with additional polarization states in a rotating laboratory frame system. It is found that when the propagating direction of HFGWs and the symmetrical axis of the laboratory frame system are the same, the PPFs have the maximum value. In this case, using the rotation (the rotation of the azimuth $ϕ$) of the EM detection system, all six possible polarization states of HFGWs can be separated and displayed. For the current experimental conditions, it is quite prospective to detect the PPFs generated by the HFGWs predicted in the braneworld models, the primordial black hole theories, the interaction mechanism between astrophysical plasma and intense EM radiation, etc., due to the large amplitudes (or high spectral densities) and spectral characteristics of these HFGWs. Detecting the primordial HFGWs from inflation faces great challenges at present, but it is not impossible.
description: 31 pages, 8 figures, 1 table; minor change according to the published version
The expected measurement precision of the branching ratio of the Higgs decaying to the di-photon at the CEPC
Creators: name: Guo, Fangyi
name: Fang, Yaquan
name: Li, Gang
name: Lou, Xinchou
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper presents the prospects of measuring $σ(e^{+}e^{-}\to ZH)\times Br(H \to γγ)$ in 3 $Z$ decay channels $Z \to q\bar{q} / μ^{+} μ^{-} / ν\barν$ using the baseline detector with $\sqrt{s} = 240 GeV$ at the Circular Electron Positron Collider (CEPC) . The simulated Monte Carlo events are generated and scaled to an integrated luminosity of 5.6 $ab^{-1}$ to mimic the data. Extrapolated results to 20 $ab^{-1}$ are also shown. The expected statistical precision of this measurement after combining 3 channels of $Z$ boson decay is 7.7\%. With some preliminary estimation on the systematical uncertainties, the total precision is 7.9\%. The performance of CEPC electro-magnetic calorimeter (ECAL) is studied by smearing the photon energy resolution in simulated events in $e^{+}e^{-} \to ZH \to q\bar{q}γγ$ channel. In present ECAL design, the stochastic term in resolution plays the dominant role in the precision of Higgs measurements in $H \to γγ$ channel. The impact of the resolution on the measured precision of $σ(ZH)\times Br(ZH \to q\bar{q}γγ)$ as well as the optimization of ECAL constant term and stochastic term are studied for the further detector design.
State support in ensuring food security in Russia: economic mechanisms in solving problems of greenhouse complex
Creators: name: Sulimin Vladimir Vlasovich
Publisher: name: International   Agricultural   Journal
Year: 2018
Subjects: state support
economic mechanisms
greenhouse complex
food security

description: Prerequisites for the study and writing of this article was the fact that the most difficult time for domestic agriculture and rural areas is the initial period of market reforms, when in Russia began to dominate the market-oriented model of economic management. According to the author, it were minimized or were completely ignored the state regulation of agricultural production and agriculture in general. And as a result, there were many mistakes in the conceptual provisions of the reform of the directions of development of the national economic complex of the country. Author considers the issue of state support in ensuring food security, namely, existing economic mechanisms in solving the problems of the greenhouse complex. In conclusion, author argues that in order to turn our country from an importer of vegetables, flowers and mushrooms into one of world leaders in the production of protected soil, it is necessary to solve a number of problems of organizational, legal, financial and economic nature. Also reveals each problem and ways to solve it on the basis of the studied material.
Additional file 2 of The haemostatic effect of deep-frozen platelets versus room temperature-stored platelets in the treatment of surgical bleeding: MAFOD—study protocol for a randomized controlled non-inferiority trial
Creators: name: Rijnhout, Tim W. H.
name: Noorman, Femke
name: van der Horst, Robert A.
name: Tan, Edward C. T. H.
name: Viersen, Victor V. A.
name: van Waes, Oscar J. F.
name: van de Watering, Leo M. G.
name: van der Burg, B. L. S. Borger
name: Zwaginga, Jaap J.
name: Verhofstad, Michael H. J.
name: Hoencamp, Rigo
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Hematology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases

description: Additional file 2. Statistical analysis plan.
Role of LKB1-CRTC1 on Glycosylated COX-2 and Response to COX-2 Inhibition in Lung Cancer
Creators: name: Zajac-Kaye, Maria
name: Wu, Lizi
name: Kaye, Frederic J.
name: Engel, Brienne E.
name: Fallahi, Mohammad
name: Haura, Eric B.
name: Chen, Zirong
name: Hu, Chengbin
name: Cao, Chunxia
name: Gu, Yumei
name: Amelio, Antonio L.
name: Cress, W. Douglas
name: Welsh, Eric A.
name: Gao, Ruli
name: Zhang, Min
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) directs the synthesis of prostaglandins including PGE-2 linking inflammation with mitogenic signaling. COX-2 is also an anticancer target, however, treatment strategies have been limited by unreliable expression assays and by inconsistent tumor responses to COX-2 inhibition.
Phase transitions in the Haldane-Hubbard model with ionic potentials
Creators: name: Yuan, Hao
name: Guo, Yangbin
name: Lu, Ruifeng
name: Lu, Hantao
name: Shao, Can
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: By employing the exact-diagonalization method, we revisit the ground-state phase diagram of the Haldane-Hubbard model on the honeycomb lattice with staggered sublattice potentials. The phase diagram includes the band insulator, Mott insulator, and two Chern insulator phases with Chern numbers C=2 and C=1, respectively. The character of transitions between different phases is studied by analyzing the lower-lying energy levels, excitation gaps, structure factors, and fidelity metric. We find that the C=1 phase can be continuously deformed into the C=2 phase without a gap closure in the periodic boundary condition, while a further analysis on the Berry curvatures indicates that the excitation gap closes at the phase boundary in a twisted boundary condition, accompanied by the discontinuities of structure factors. All the other phase transitions are found to be first-order ones as expected.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures
Architecture, implementation and parallelization of the software to search for periodic gravitational wave signals
Creators: name: Poghosyan, Gevorg
name: Matta, Sanchit
name: Streit, Achim
name: Bejger, Michał
name: Królak, Andrzej
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: Performance (cs.PF)
subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The parallelization, design and scalability of the \sky code to search for periodic gravitational waves from rotating neutron stars is discussed. The code is based on an efficient implementation of the F-statistic using the Fast Fourier Transform algorithm. To perform an analysis of data from the advanced LIGO and Virgo gravitational wave detectors' network, which will start operating in 2015, hundreds of millions of CPU hours will be required - the code utilizing the potential of massively parallel supercomputers is therefore mandatory. We have parallelized the code using the Message Passing Interface standard, implemented a mechanism for combining the searches at different sky-positions and frequency bands into one extremely scalable program. The parallel I/O interface is used to escape bottlenecks, when writing the generated data into file system. This allowed to develop a highly scalable computation code, which would enable the data analysis at large scales on acceptable time scales. Benchmarking of the code on a Cray XE6 system was performed to show efficiency of our parallelization concept and to demonstrate scaling up to 50 thousand cores in parallel.
description: 11 pages, 9 figures. Submitted to Computer Physics Communications
Variation of the relative biological effectiveness with fractionation in proton therapy: analysis of prostate cancer response
Creators: name: Pardo-Montero, Juan
name: Pombar, Miguel
name: Gómez-Caamaño, Antonio
name: Giordanengo, Simona
name: González-Crespo, Isabel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Purpose: To present a methodology to analyze the variation of RBE with fractionation from clinical data of tumor control probability (TCP) and to apply it to study the response of prostate cancer to proton therapy. M&M: We analyzed the dependence of the RBE on the dose per fraction by using the LQ model and the Poisson TCP formalism. Clinical TCPs for prostate cancer treated with photon and proton therapy for conventional fractionation (2 Gy(RBE)x37 fractions), moderate hypofractionation (3 Gy(RBE)x20 fractions) and hypofractionation (7.25 Gy(RBE)x5 fractions) were obtained from the literature and analyzed. Results: The theoretical analysis showed three distinct regions with RBE monotonically decreasing, increasing or staying constant with the dose per fraction, depending on the change of (α, \{beta}) values between photon and proton irradiation (the equilibrium point being at(α_p/\{beta}_p)=(α_X/\{beta}_X)(α_X/α_p)). An analysis of the clinical data showed RBE values that decline with increasing dose per fraction: for low risk RBE=1.124, 1.119, and 1.102 for 1.82 Gy, 2.73 Gy and 6.59 Gy per fraction (physical proton doses), respectively; for intermediate risk RBE=1.119, and 1.102 for 1.82 Gy, and 6.59 Gy per fraction (physical proton doses), respectively. These values are nonetheless very close to the nominal 1.1 value. Conclusions: We presented a methodology to analyze the RBE for different fractionations, and we used it to study clinical data for prostate cancer. The analysis shows a monotonically decreasing RBE with increasing dose per fraction, which is expected from the LQ formalism and the changes in (α, \{beta}) between photon and proton irradiation. However, the calculations in this study have to be considered with care as they may be biased by limitations in the modeling and/or by the clinical data set used for the analysis.
description: Minor changes to match accepted manuscript; in press Medical Physics