cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Wavefunction of the universe: Reparametrization invariance and field redefinitions of the minisuperspace path integral
Creators: name: Partouche, Hervé
name: Toumbas, Nicolaos
name: de Vaulchier, Balthazar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the Hartle-Hawking wavefunction of the universe defined as a Euclidean path integral that satisfies the "no-boundary proposal." We focus on the simplest minisuperspace model that comprises a single scale factor degree of freedom and a positive cosmological constant. The model can be seen as a non-linear $σ$-model with a line-segment base. We reduce the path integral over the lapse function to an integral over the proper length of the base and use diffeomorphism-invariant measures for the ghosts and the scale factor. As a result, the gauge-fixed path integral is independent of the gauge. However, we point out that all field redefinitions of the scale factor degree of freedom yield different choices of gauge-invariant path-integral measures. For each prescription, we compute the wavefunction at the semi-classical level and find a different result. We resolve in each case the ambiguity in the form of the Wheeler-DeWitt equation at this level of approximation. By imposing that the Hamiltonians associated with these possibly distinct quantum theories are Hermitian, we determine the inner products of the corresponding Hilbert spaces and find that they lead to a universal norm, at least semi-classically. Quantum predictions are thus independent of the prescription at this level of approximation. Finally, all wavefunctions of the Hilbert spaces of the minisuperspace model we consider turn out to be non-normalizable, including the no-boundary states.
description: 1+56 pages, 1 figure
A unified quantifier of mechanical disorder in solids
Creators: name: Kapteijns, Geert
name: Bouchbinder, Eran
name: Lerner, Edan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Mechanical disorder in solids, which is generated by a broad range of physical processes and controls various material properties, appears in a wide variety of forms. Defining unified and measurable dimensionless quantifiers, allowing quantitative comparison of mechanical disorder across widely different physical systems, is therefore an important goal. Two such coarse-grained dimensionless quantifiers (among others) appear in the literature, one is related to the spectral broadening of discrete phononic bands in finite-size systems (accessible through computer simulations) and the other is related the spatial fluctuations of the shear modulus in macroscopically large systems. The latter has been recently shown to determine the amplitude of wave attenuation rates in the low-frequency limit (accessible through laboratory experiments). Here, using two alternative and complementary theoretical approaches linked to the vibrational spectra of solids, we derive a basic scaling relation between the two dimensionless quantifiers. This scaling relation, which is supported by simulational data, shows that the two apparently distinct quantifiers are in fact intrinsically related, giving rise to a unified quantifier of mechanical disorder in solids. We further discuss the obtained results in the context of the unjamming transition taking place in soft sphere packings at low confining pressures, in addition to their implications for our understanding of the low-frequency vibrational spectra of disordered solids in general, and in particular those of glassy systems.
description: 11 pages, 8 figures
New electron source concept for single-shot sub-100 fs electron diffraction in the 100 keV range
Creators: name: van Oudheusden, T.
name: de Jong, E. F.
name: Siwick, B. J.
name: van der Geer, S. B.
name: Root, W. P. E. M. Op 't
name: Luiten, O. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a method for producing sub-100 fs electron bunches that are suitable for single-shot ultrafast electron diffraction experiments in the 100 keV energy range. A combination of analytical results and state-of-the-art numerical simulations show that it is possible to create 100 keV, 0.1 pC, 20 fs electron bunches with a spotsize smaller than 500 micron and a transverse coherence length of 3 nm, using established technologies in a table-top set-up. The system operates in the space-charge dominated regime to produce energy-correlated bunches that are recompressed by established radio-frequency techniques. With this approach we overcome the Coulomb expansion of the bunch, providing an entirely new ultrafast electron diffraction source concept.
LA RETATA DEL 16 GIUGNO 1944 NELLA TESTIMONIANZA DI ANTONIO ARENA
Creators: name: D'Amico, Giovanna
Publisher: name: Università degli Studi di Messina.
Year: 2019

description: Tra i razziati della retata nazista del 16 giugno 1944, intervenuta a Genova dopo le ore 13,00, che produsse la cattura di almeno 1448 persone prelevate da importanti imprese genovesi c’era anche Antonio Arena, che dopo l’8 settembre 1943 si trovava nel capoluogo ligure, dove i genitori si erano trasferiti successivamente alla nascita del figlio Pasqualino. Fino al mio colloquio con lui del 13 gennaio 2016 la sua personale vicenda era rimasta sconosciuta. Among the raids of the Nazi raid of June 16, 1944, intervened in Genoa after 1.00 pm, which produced the capture of at least 1448 people taken from important Genoese companies, there was also Antonio Arena, who after 8 September 1943 was in the Ligurian capital, where his parents had moved after the birth of their son Pasqualino. Until my interview with him on January 13, 2016 his personal story had remained unknown.
description: PELORO, Vol 4, N° 1 (2019)
Heartbeat instability as auto-oscillation between dim and bright void regimes
Creators: name: Pikalev, Aleksandr
name: Pustylnik, Mikhail
name: Räth, Christoph
name: Thomas, Hubertus M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigated the self-excited as well as optogalvanically stimulated heartbeat instability in RF discharge complex plasma. Three video cameras measured the motion of the microparticles, the plasma emission, and the laser-induced fluorescence simultaneously. Comprehensive studies of the optogalvanic control of the heartbeat instability revealed that the microparticle suspension can be stabilized by a continuous laser, whereas a modulated laser beam induces the void contraction either transiently or resonantly. The resonance occurred when the laser modulation frequency coincided with the frequency of small breathing oscillations of the microparticle suspension, which are known to be a prerequisite to the heartbeat instability. Based on the experimental results we suggest that the void contraction during the instability is caused by an abrupt void transition from the dim to the bright regime [Pikalev et al., Plasma Sources Sci. Technol. 30, 035014 (2021)]. In the bright regime, a time-averaged electric field at the void boundary heats the electrons causing bright plasma emission inside the void. The dim void has much lower electric field at the boundary and exhibits therefore no emission feature associated with it.
description: 10 pages, 10 figures, supplemental materials
Lensing Probabilities for Spectroscopically Selected Galaxy-Galaxy Strong Lenses
Creators: name: Dobler, Gregory
name: Keeton, Charles R.
name: Bolton, Adam S.
name: Burles, Scott
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Spectroscopic galaxy-galaxy lens searches are presently the most prolific method of identifying strong lens systems in large data sets. We study the probabilities associated with these lens searches, namely the probability of identifying a candidate with rogue [OII] emission lines in a galaxy's spectrum, and the probability that the candidate will show features of strong lensing in follow-up photometric observations. We include selection effects unique to spectroscopic data, and apply them to the Sloan Lens ACS (SLACS) survey (Bolton et al. 2006). The most significant selection effect is the finite size of the spectroscopic fiber which selects against large separation lenses and results in a non-monotonic dependence of the rogue line probability on velocity dispersion. For example, with the 3 arcsec diameter SDSS fiber and 2 arcsec FWHM seeing, we find that the probability that a given LRG has a rogue [OII] line in its spectrum decreases with velocity dispersion from 150 km/s to 300 km/s and then increases up to 400 km/s for a given source size. The total probability for observing a rogue line in a single survey spectrum is ~0.9-3.0%, and the total lensing rate is ~0.5-1.3%. The range is due to uncertainties in the physical size of [OII] emission regions, and in the evolution of the [OII] luminosity function. Our estimates are a factor of ~5 higher than the results of the SLACS survey, a discrepancy which we attribute to the SLACS requirement that multiple rogue lines be observed simultaneously.
description: 13 pages, 11 figures; submitted to ApJ
Η σύμβαση της ναύλωσης. Ζητήματα εφαρμοστέου δικαίου, ρήτρες παρεκτάσεως διεθνούς δικαιοδοσίας και διεθνούς διαιτησίας στην ναύλωση
Creators: name: Τράγκας, Χρήστος-Εμμανουήλ
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2020
Subjects: Σύμβαση της ναύλωσης
Εφαρμοστέο δίκαιο
Διεθνής δικαιοδοσία και διεθνής ναυτική διαιτησία
The charter contract (or contract of affreightment)
Applicable law
International jurisdiction and international maritime arbitration

description: Από την πλευρά της ναυτιλιακής επιχείρησης οι συμβάσεις ναυλώσεως αποτελούν τη σημαντικότερη δραστηριότητα και έχουν πρωταρχική σημασία, καθώς και από αυτές προκύπτουν τα κύρια έσοδα της επιχείρησης και εξαρτάται η επιβίωσή της. Στη διεθνή ναυτιλιακή πρακτική, ως ναύλωση νοείται η αμφοτεροβαρής σύμβαση μεταξύ του κύριου του πλοίου (εκναυλωτή) και του ναυλωτή, κύριο αντικείμενο της οποίας είναι η διάθεση του πλοίου έναντι ανταλλάγματος προς περαιτέρω εκμετάλλευση. Ανεξάρτητα, δε, εάν με αυτήν μέχρι σήμερα έχει ασχοληθεί μεγάλο μέρος της θεωρίας και της πράξης, θεωρήθηκε δόκιμο να μελετηθεί η πιο πάνω σύμβαση τόσο αυτοτελώς όσο και σε συνδυασμό με τα ζητήματα ιδιωτικού διεθνούς, αλλά και δικονομικού διεθνούς δικαίου.
description: From the point of view of the shipping company, charter contract (or the contract of affreightment) is the activity of primary importance, as well as from the main income of the company arises its survival depends, too. According to the international shipping practice, charter contract (or contract of affreightment) means the bilateral agreement between the ship- owner and the charterer, the main object is the ship- disposal in exchange for further exploitation. Regardless of whether the theory and practice have been dealt with, it has been considered to be studied the above contract independently and in conjuction with the issues of private international and procedural international law.
"Oscillating" components in the BL Lac object 0716+714?
Creators: name: Britzen, S.
name: Meyer, V.
name: Witzel, A.
name: Agudo, I.
name: Aller, M. F.
name: Aller, H. D.
name: Eckart, A.
name: Zensus, J. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: 15 VLBA observations of the BL Lac object 0716+714, performed between 1994.67 and 2006.40 at 15 GHz, have been analyzed. Part of the data (12 epochs) were obtained within the Mojave-survey project and reanalyzed by us. We present a new motion scenario for jet model component motion in this source which suggests that no longterm-outward motion but rather an oscillation of components around an average core separation is taking place. Although no significant outward motion in the core separation can be found, motion with regard to the position angle is observed. We give lower limits for the derived apparent motions and Doppler factors and compare them with values published in the literature. We find a relation between the total flux-density evolution at 14.5 GHz (UMRAO data) and the position angle changes observed for the jet component closest to the core. We suggest a significant geometric contribution to the longterm flux-density variability in 0716+714.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures, to appear in the proceedings of the 8th European VLBI Network Symposium on New Developments in VLBI Science and Technology, Torun, Poland
ESL teacher education in British Columbia : experienced teachers' perceptions and preferences
Creators: name: Voth, Charles D.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2008

description: This thesis surveyed the perceptions and preferences of experienced ESL teachers in British Columbia concerning their second language teacher education (SLTE). The study asked what skills and knowledge were important for SLTE in light of teaching experience, and what experiences and activities for training were preferred in light of past training or personal learning styles. A 92-item questionnaire based on one used by Richards and Hino (1983) was distributed to 412 teachers, members of an ESL teacher association. The response rate was 32.76%. The results of a descriptive statistical analysis indicated that generally, the respondents had not frequently received training for skills and knowledge that they considered to be high priority. In addition, the items for which the respondents had received adequate training were not frequently indicated as high priority items for SLTE. The data was further broken down by levels of training, years of experience, and learner age groups. This analysis also revealed some interesting differences among the respondents. Recommendations were made that SLTE programme planners take trainees' needs into account and that they model what they propose to be good teaching approaches. Finally, possible areas for further research are discussed.
Global canopy height regression and uncertainty estimation from GEDI LIDAR waveforms with deep ensembles
Creators: name: Lang, Nico
name: Kalischek, Nikolai
name: Armston, John
name: Schindler, Konrad
name: Dubayah, Ralph
name: Wegner, Jan Dirk
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: NASA's Global Ecosystem Dynamics Investigation (GEDI) is a key climate mission whose goal is to advance our understanding of the role of forests in the global carbon cycle. While GEDI is the first space-based LIDAR explicitly optimized to measure vertical forest structure predictive of aboveground biomass, the accurate interpretation of this vast amount of waveform data across the broad range of observational and environmental conditions is challenging. Here, we present a novel supervised machine learning approach to interpret GEDI waveforms and regress canopy top height globally. We propose a probabilistic deep learning approach based on an ensemble of deep convolutional neural networks(CNN) to avoid the explicit modelling of unknown effects, such as atmospheric noise. The model learns to extract robust features that generalize to unseen geographical regions and, in addition, yields reliable estimates of predictive uncertainty. Ultimately, the global canopy top height estimates produced by our model have an expected RMSE of 2.7 m with low bias.
Heading effects on fifth grade recall of expository prose without and with heading strategy awareness
Creators: name: Hobbins, Carole I.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2008

description: This study was designed to investigate whether the presence of headings in regular classroom content area reading material naturally facilitated the quantity and type of recall of expository prose by fifth grade students and whether the exposure to and use of heading strategy instructions further improved the recall of the students. One hundred thirty-one students from seven classrooms in three school districts in the lower mainland and on Vancouver Island were selected to take part in the study. Each treatment group was composed of approximately an equal number of higher, middle and lower reading comprehension ability students as determined by a Canadian standardized reading test. The treatments consisted of a control group that received no headings and no strategy instructions, an experimental group with headings present but no strategy instructions, and second experimental group that received a passage with the headings present and heading strategy instructions. All students read a four page passage from a British Columbia authorized social studies textbook and one day later, were given two posttests that involved free recall and main idea recall/formulation measures. It was found that headings and heading strategy instructions significantly aided treatment group 3 (the second experimental group) in recalling and formulating main ideas, and to some extent helped these students with overall recall. Treatment 3 did not help the students to recall subordinate (supporting ideas) or sub-subordinate ideas (details). There were no significant effects for the headings only group (headings present in text) over the control group who read the passage without headings. A similar but weaker pattern was found for each reading comprehension ability level. These results are discussed in terms of previous research. General conclusions, implications for instruction, and suggestions for further research are also made.
Triply Heavy Baryons
Creators: name: Nobary, M. A. Gomshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The triply heavy baryons are very different in their mass. They are essentially $Ω_{ccc}$, $Ω_{ccb}$, $Ω_{cbb}$ and $Ω_{bbb}$ baryons which may be produced in a $c$ or a $b$ quark fragmentation. Here we briefly review the direct fragmentation production of these states and choose $Ω_{ccc}$ and $Ω_{bbb}$ baryons as prototype of them to consider their production at the hadron colliders with different $\sqrt{s}$. It becomes clear that their production cross sections fall within a rather diverse range according to $\sqrt{s}$, minimum transverse momentum and rapidity. We present and compare transverse momentum distributions of the differential cross sections, $p_T^{\rm min}$ distributions of total cross sections and the integrated total cross sections for all triply heavy baryons at CERN LHC and simlar quantities for $Ω_{ccc}$ and $Ω_{bbb}$ at RHIC, Tevatron Run II and the CERN LHC. While some of them possess considerable event rates even at RHIC proton-proton collider, others need much more energetic hadron collider with appropriate kinematical cuts to be produced.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures; Seminar presented at IPM-LHP06 May 2006
Handwritten Digit Recognition using Machine and Deep Learning Algorithms
Creators: name: Pashine, Samay
name: Dixit, Ritik
name: Kushwah, Rishika
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The reliance of humans over machines has never been so high such that from object classification in photographs to adding sound to silent movies everything can be performed with the help of deep learning and machine learning algorithms. Likewise, Handwritten text recognition is one of the significant areas of research and development with a streaming number of possibilities that could be attained. Handwriting recognition (HWR), also known as Handwritten Text Recognition (HTR), is the ability of a computer to receive and interpret intelligible handwritten input from sources such as paper documents, photographs, touch-screens and other devices [1]. Apparently, in this paper, we have performed handwritten digit recognition with the help of MNIST datasets using Support Vector Machines (SVM), Multi-Layer Perceptron (MLP) and Convolution Neural Network (CNN) models. Our main objective is to compare the accuracy of the models stated above along with their execution time to get the best possible model for digit recognition.
description: 6 Pages, 13 figures, and 1 table
Gluon Saturation Effects in Relativistic U+U Collisions
Creators: name: Kuhlman, Anthony
name: Heinz, Ulrich W.
name: Kovchegov, Yuri V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine entropy production in relativistic U+U collisions on the basis of a Color Glass Condensate (CGC) type picture as implemented in the Kharzeev-Levin-Nardi model (KLN). In this framework, we find that the peak entropy density produced in tip-on-tip U+U collisions is about 30% greater than that seen in central Au+Au collisions. Although the resulting difference in the produced charged particle multiplicity between tip-on-tip and side-on-side collisions is smaller than that predicted by previous Glauber model estimates, it is still large enough to allow for experimental discrimination between average orientations of the uranium nuclei. We also point out that in the saturation/CGC approach the collision geometry plays a more important role than previously believed, and that the observed centrality dependence of the produced particle multiplicity per participant in Au+Au collisions can be qualitatively reproduced even without running coupling effects.
description: 7 pages, including 8 figures
Μελέτη αντιδράσεων 3-αμινο-4-υδροξυ-κουμαρίνης με δικαρβονυλικές ενώσεις. Σύνθεση [3,4]-συμπυκνωμένων οξαζολικών κουμαρινικών παραγώγων
Creators: name: Μπέτα, Νίκη Δημητρίου
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2020
Subjects: Χημεία
Οργανική Σύνθεση
Παράγωγα κουμαρίνης
Chemistry
Organic Synthesis
Coumarin derivatives

description: Οι κουμαρίνες καθώς και τα οξαζολικά παράγωγα αποτελούν βασικές δομικές μονάδες ενός μεγάλου αριθμού ενώσεων με φαρμακευτική και βιολογική δράση. Στην παρούσα διπλωματική εργασία γίνεται μελέτη της σύνθεσης [3,4]-συμπυκνωμένων οξαζολικών κουμαρινικών παραγώγων που συνδυάζουν το σκελετό της κουμαρίνης με αυτόν του οξαζολίου. Πιο συγκεκριμένα, γίνεται μελέτη και επιτυγχάνεται η σύνθεση ορισμένων, καινούργιων κατά τη βιβλιογραφία, συμπυκνωμένων οξαζολικών παραγώγων στο σκελετό της κουμαρίνης τόσο με την απευθείας αντίδραση της 3-αμινο-4-υδροξυ-κουμαρίνης με δικαρβονυλικές ενώσεις, όσο και μέσω αντίδρασης της 3-νιτρο-4-υδροξυ-κουμαρίνης με τις δικαρβονυλικές ενώσεις με χρήση του αντιδραστηρίου της τριφαινυλοφωσφίνης για την αναγωγή της (αντίδραση Cadogan). Με τις δύο αυτές μεθοδολογίες απομονώθηκαν καινούργιες κατά τη βιβλιογραφία ενώσεις, αλλά και γνωστές που σχηματίστηκαν με διαφορετικούς τρόπους.
description: Coumarins as well as oxazoles are fundamental building blocks of various compounds with pharmaceutical and biological activity. The synthesis of [3,4]-fused oxazole-coumarins is studied in the present work, which contain the two structures in one. In particular, a study is carried out considering both the conditions of the reaction between 3-amino-4-hydroxy-coumarin with dicarbonyl compounds and the conditions of the reaction between 4-hydroxy-3-nitro-coumarin with dicarbonyl compounds and triphenylphosphine, which is used as a reduction agent (Cadogan reaction). This study has as a result the production of some compounds which have not been isolated and identified so far. During this study, a group of other new compounds has been isolated, while some already known have been produced following different procedures.
Anisotropy studies around the galactic centre at EeV energies with the Auger Observatory
Creators: name: The Pierre Auger Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Data from the Pierre Auger Observatory are analyzed to search for anisotropies near the direction of the Galactic Centre at EeV energies. The exposure of the surface array in this part of the sky is already significantly larger than that of the fore-runner experiments. Our results do not support previous findings of localized excesses in the AGASA and SUGAR data. We set an upper bound on a point-like flux of cosmic rays arriving from the Galactic Centre which excludes several scenarios predicting sources of EeV neutrons from Sagittarius $A$. Also the events detected simultaneously by the surface and fluorescence detectors (the `hybrid' data set), which have better pointing accuracy but are less numerous than those of the surface array alone, do not show any significant localized excess from this direction.
description: Matches published version
Next Generation Redshift Surveys and the Origin of Cosmic Acceleration
Creators: name: Acquaviva, Viviana
name: Hajian, Amir
name: Spergel, David N.
name: Das, Sudeep
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Cosmologists are exploring two possible sets of explanations for the remarkable observation of cosmic acceleration: dark energy fills space or general relativity fails on cosmological scales. We define a null test parameter $ε(k,a) \equivΩ_m^{- γ} d \ln D / d \ln a - 1$, where $a$ is the scale factor, $D$ is the growth rate of structure, $Ω_m(a)$ is the matter density parameter, and $γ$ is a simple function of redshift. We show that it can be expressed entirely in terms of the bias factor, $b(a)$, (measured from cross-correlations with CMB lensing) and the amplitude of redshift space distortions, $β(k,a)$. Measurements of the CMB power spectrum determine $Ω_{m 0} H_0^2$. If dark energy within GR is the solution to the cosmic acceleration problem, then the logarithmic growth rate of structure $d \ln D / d \ln a = Ω_m^γ$. Thus, $ε(k,a) =0$ on linear scales to better than 1%. We show that in the class of Modified Gravity models known as $f(R)$, the growth rate has a different dependence on scale and redshift. By combining measurements of the amplitude of $β$ and of the bias, $b$, redshift surveys will be able to determine the logarithmic growth rate as a function of scale and redshift. We estimate the predicted sensitivity of the proposed SDSS III (BOSS) survey and the proposed ADEPT mission and find that they will test structure growth in General Relativity to the percent level.
description: Revised version accepted for publication in Physical Review D
Additional file 9 of Global assessment of organ specific basal gene expression over a diurnal cycle with analyses of gene copies exhibiting cyclic expression patterns
Creators: name: Lu, Yuan
name: Boswell, Mikki
name: Boswell, William
name: Salinas, Raquel Ybanez
name: Savage, Markita
name: Reyes, Jose
name: Walter, Sean
name: Marks, Rebecca
name: Gonzalez, Trevor
name: Medrano, Geraldo
name: Warren, Wesley C.
name: Schartl, Manfred
name: Walter, Ronald B.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 9: Supplement Table 8. Circadian Ohnologs in zebrafish brain and pineal gland.
Thermoelectric response from grain boundaries and lattice distortions in crystalline gold devices
Creators: name: Evans, Charlotte I.
name: Yang, Rui
name: Gan, Lucia T.
name: Abbasi, Mahdiyeh
name: Wang, Xifan
name: Traylor, Rachel
name: Fan, Jonathan A.
name: Natelson, Douglas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The electronic Seebeck response in a conductor involves the energy-dependent mean free path of the charge carriers and is affected by crystal structure, scattering from boundaries and defects, and strain. Previous photothermoelectric (PTE) studies have suggested that the thermoelectric properties of polycrystalline metal nanowires are related to grain structure, though direct evidence linking crystal microstructure to the PTE response is difficult to elucidate. Here, we show that room temperature scanning PTE measurements are sensitive probes that can detect subtle changes in the local Seebeck coefficient of gold tied to the underlying defects and strain that mediate crystal deformation. This connection is revealed through a combination of scanning PTE and electron microscopy measurements of single crystal and bicrystal gold microscale devices. Unexpectedly, the photovoltage maps strongly correlate with gradually varying crystallographic misorientations detected by electron backscatter diffraction. The effects of individual grain boundaries and differing grain orientations on the PTE signal are minimal. This scanning PTE technique shows promise for identifying minor structural distortions in nanoscale materials and devices.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures
Συνέργεια: Η νέα ρύθμιση του ά. 47 ΠΚ
Creators: name: Τηλαβερίδου, Αλεξάνδρα Γεωργίου
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2020
Subjects: Συνέργεια
Νέα ρύθμιση
Νόμος 4619/2019
Complicity
New regulation
Law 4619/2019

description: Στόχος της παρούσας διπλωματικής εργασίας είναι η εξέταση της νέας ρύθμισης της συνέργειας, όπως αυτή διατυπώνεται στο άρθρο 47 πλέον του Ποινικού Κώδικα, κατόπιν των τελευταίων μεταβολών, που επήλθαν στο πλαίσιο του Ν. 4619/2019. Συγκεκριμένα, αναλύονται οι βασικότερες εκ των προβληματικών περιοχών που παρουσίαζε η ρύθμιση ήδη υπό το καθεστώς του προϊσχύοντος Ποινικού Κώδικα Π.Δ. 283/1985 (ο προβληματισμός λ.χ. του κατά πόσο μπορεί να παρασχεθεί άμεση συνέργεια και σε χρόνο προγενέστερο της αρχής εκτέλεσης της κύριας άδικης πράξης), με απώτερο σκοπό τη διερεύνηση α) του εάν και σε τι βαθμό συνέβαλε η νέα ρύθμιση του άρθρου 47 στην εξομάλυνσή τους, β) της προσθήκης (ή μη) τυχόν νέων στοιχείων, γ) των γενικότερων προβληματισμών που γεννά η νέα ρύθμιση και των συνεπειών αυτής.
description: The aim of the present thesis is to examine the new context of Article 47 of the Greek Penal Code, which refers to complicity and was recently reexamined due to the last modifications that were made by the Law 4619/2019. More specifically, the present thesis is focused on the most complex and divisive areas of complicity’s regulation under the previous legal regime of the Greek Penal Code – Presidential Decree 283/1985 (such as the question of whether or not the accomplice can offer help directly to the primary perpetrator before the criminal act is committed), having as an underlying aim to examine a) whether or not the new Article 47 was able to offer solutions to those problematic areas, b) whether or not the new Article 47 added any new critical information to complicity’s legal handling, c) and last but not least the general concerns and the consequences that the new regulation leads to.
Ehrhart series and lattice triangulations
Creators: name: Payne, Sam
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 52B20

description: We express the generating function for lattice points in a rational polyhedral cone with a simplicial subdivision in terms of multivariate analogues of the h-polynomials of the subdivision and "local contributions" of the links of its nonunimodular faces. We also compute new examples of nonunimodal h^*-vectors of reflexive polytopes.
description: 10 pages. v2: corrected attribution of Corollary 3.1, clarified computations in examples in Section 4, improved exposition. To appear in Discr. Comput. Geom
Radiatively inefficient accretion disks in Low Luminosity AGN
Creators: name: Macchetto, F. D.
name: Chiaberge, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study a complete and distance-limited sample of 25 LINERs, 21 of which have been imaged with the Hubble Space Telescope to study their physical properties and to compare their radio and optical properties with those of other samples of local AGNs, namely Seyfert galaxies and low-luminosity radio galaxies (LLRG). Our results show that the LINERs population is not homogeneous, as there are two subclasses: i) the first class is similar to LLRG, as it extends the population of radio-loud nuclei to lower luminosities; ii) the second is similar to Seyferts, and extends the properties of radio-quiet nuclei towards the lowest luminosities. The different nature of the various classes of local AGN are best understood when the fraction of the Eddington luminosity they irradiate L_o/L_Edd is plotted against the nuclear radio-loudness parameter: Seyferts are associated with relatively high radiative efficiencies L_o/L_Edd >~ 10^-4 (and high accretion rates onto low mass black holes); LLRG are associated with low radiative efficiencies (and low accretion rates onto high black hole masses); all LINERs have low radiative efficiency (and accretion rates), and can be radio-loud or radio quiet depending on their black hole mass.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures. Proceedings of the IAU symposium No. 238, 2006, "Black holes: from stars to galaxies - across the range of masses", V. Karas & G. Matt eds
Elicitation of vocabulary for new items
Creators: name: Parker, Verdena
name: Spence, Justin
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: hup

description: Audio file VP-230713-05: Elicitation of vocabulary for items introduced to Hupa culture after contact with Euro-Americans in the mid-19th century. Recorded in mp3 format.
Non-local modulation of the energy cascade in broad-band forced turbulence
Creators: name: Kuczaj, A. K.
name: Geurts, B. J.
name: McComb, W. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Classically, large-scale forced turbulence is characterized by a transfer of energy from large to small scales via nonlinear interactions. We have investigated the changes in this energy transfer process in broad-band forced turbulence where an additional perturbation of flow at smaller scales is introduced. The modulation of the energy dynamics via the introduction of forcing at smaller scales occurs not only in the forced region but also in a broad range of length-scales outside the forced bands due to non-local triad interactions. Broad-band forcing changes the energy distribution and energy transfer function in a characteristic manner leading to a significant modulation of the turbulence. We studied the changes in this transfer of energy when changing the strength and location of the small-scale forcing support. The energy content in the larger scales was observed to decrease, while the energy transport power for scales in between the large and small scale forcing regions was enhanced. This was investigated further in terms of the detailed transfer function between the triad contributions and observing the long-time statistics of the flow. The energy is transferred toward smaller scales not only by wavenumbers of similar size as in the case of large-scale forced turbulence, but by a much wider extent of scales that can be externally controlled.
description: submitted to Phys. Rev. E, 15 pages, 18 figures, uses revtex4.cls
Additional file 8 of Global assessment of organ specific basal gene expression over a diurnal cycle with analyses of gene copies exhibiting cyclic expression patterns
Creators: name: Lu, Yuan
name: Boswell, Mikki
name: Boswell, William
name: Salinas, Raquel Ybanez
name: Savage, Markita
name: Reyes, Jose
name: Walter, Sean
name: Marks, Rebecca
name: Gonzalez, Trevor
name: Medrano, Geraldo
name: Warren, Wesley C.
name: Schartl, Manfred
name: Walter, Ronald B.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 8: Supplement Table 7. Functional divergence of cyclic gene Ohnologs.
Reconciliation of experimental and theoretical electric tensor polarizabilities of the cesium ground state
Creators: name: Ulzega, S.
name: Hofer, A.
name: Moroshkin, P.
name: Weis, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a new theoretical analysis of the strongly suppressed F- and M-dependent Stark shifts of the Cs ground state hyperfine structure. Our treatment uses third order perturbation theory including off-diagonal hyperfine interactions not considered in earlier treatments. A numerical evaluation of the perturbation sum using bound states up to n=200 yields ground state tensor polarizabilities which are in good agreement with experimental values, thereby bridging the 40-year-old gap between experiments and theory. We have further found that the tensor polarizabilities of the two ground state hyperfine manifolds have opposite signs, in disagreement with an earlier derivation. This sign error has a direct implication for the precise evaluation of the blackbody radiation shift in primary frequency standards.
description: 7 pages, 2 figures, accepted for publication in Europhysics Letters
Translation of bible verses with indefinite proforms
Creators: name: Parker, Verdena
name: Escamilla, Ramón
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: hup

description: Audio files VP-230713-03 and VP-230713-04: Translation of bible verses that contain English indefinite proforms (using the NIV translation). Recorded in mp3 format.
Physical properties of two compact high-velocity clouds possibly associated with the Leading Arm of the Magellanic System
Creators: name: Bekhti, Nadya Ben
name: Bruens, Christian
name: Kerp, Juergen
name: Westmeier, Tobias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We observed two compact high-velocity clouds HVC 291+26+195 and HVC 297+09+253 to analyse their structure, dynamics, and physical parameters. In both cases there is evidence for an association with the Leading Arm of the Magellanic Clouds. The goal of our study is to learn more about the origin of the two CHVCs and to use them as probes for the structure and evolution of the Leading Arm. We have used the Parkes 64 m radio telescope and the Australia Telescope Compact Array (ATCA) to study the two CHVCs in the 21 cm line emission of neutral hydrogen. We present a method to estimate the distance of the two CHVCs. The investigation of the line profiles of HVC 297+09+253 reveals the presence of two line components in the spectra which can be identified with a cold and a warm gas phase. In addition, we find a distinct head-tail structure in combination with a radial velocity gradient along the tail, suggesting a ram-pressure interaction of this cloud with an ambient medium. HVC 291+26+195 has only a cold gas phase and no head-tail structure. The ATCA data show several cold, compact clumps in both clouds which, in the case of HVC 297+09+253, are embedded in the warm, diffuse envelope. All these clumps have very narrow HI lines with typical line widths between 2 and 4 km/s FWHM, yielding an upper limit for the kinetic temperature of the gas of T_max = 300 K. We obtain distance estimates for both CHVCs of the order of 10 to 60 kpc, providing additional evidence for an association of the clouds with the Leading Arm.
description: 11 pages, 6 Postscript figures, 2 tables; accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysics
Variational inference with a quantum computer
Creators: name: Benedetti, Marcello
name: Coyle, Brian
name: Fiorentini, Mattia
name: Lubasch, Michael
name: Rosenkranz, Matthias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Inference is the task of drawing conclusions about unobserved variables given observations of related variables. Applications range from identifying diseases from symptoms to classifying economic regimes from price movements. Unfortunately, performing exact inference is intractable in general. One alternative is variational inference, where a candidate probability distribution is optimized to approximate the posterior distribution over unobserved variables. For good approximations, a flexible and highly expressive candidate distribution is desirable. In this work, we use quantum Born machines as variational distributions over discrete variables. We apply the framework of operator variational inference to achieve this goal. In particular, we adopt two specific realizations: one with an adversarial objective and one based on the kernelized Stein discrepancy. We demonstrate the approach numerically using examples of Bayesian networks, and implement an experiment on an IBM quantum computer. Our techniques enable efficient variational inference with distributions beyond those that are efficiently representable on a classical computer.
description: 17 pages, 9 figures, 1 table; As published in Phys. Rev. Applied
Controlling Domain-Wall Nucleation in Ta/CoFeB/MgO Nanomagnets via Local Ga+ Ion Irradiation
Creators: name: Mendisch, Simon
name: Riente, Fabrizio
name: Ahrens, Valentin
name: Gnoli, Luca
name: Haider, Michael
name: Opel, Matthias
name: Kiechle, Martina
name: Roch, Massimo Ruo
name: Becherer, Markus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Comprehensive control of the domain wall nucleation process is crucial for spin-based emerging technologies ranging from random-access and storage-class memories over domain-wall logic concepts to nanomagnetic logic. In this work, focused Ga+ ion-irradiation is investigated as an effective means to control domain-wall nucleation in Ta/CoFeB/MgO nanostructures. We show that analogously to He+ irradiation, it is not only possible to reduce the perpendicular magnetic anisotropy but also to increase it significantly, enabling new, bidirectional manipulation schemes. First, the irradiation effects are assessed on film level, sketching an overview of the dose-dependent changes in the magnetic energy landscape. Subsequent time-domain nucleation characteristics of irradiated nanostructures reveal substantial increases in the anisotropy fields but surprisingly small effects on the measured energy barriers, indicating shrinking nucleation volumes. Spatial control of the domain wall nucleation point is achieved by employing focused irradiation of pre-irradiated magnets, with the diameter of the introduced circular defect controlling the coercivity. Special attention is given to the nucleation mechanisms, changing from a Stoner-Wohlfarth particle's coherent rotation to depinning from an anisotropy gradient. Dynamic micromagnetic simulations and related measurements are used in addition to model and analyze this depinning-dominated magnetization reversal.
Single hadron transverse spin asymmetries from COMPASS
Creators: name: Bradamante, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Transverse spin physics is an important part of the scientific programme of the COMPASS experiment at CERN. The analysis of the data taken with the target polarized orthogonally to the 160 GeV/c muon beam momentum has allowed to measure for the first time the Collins and Sivers asymmetries of the deuteron. Both for the positive and the negative hadrons produced in semi-inclusive DIS the measured asymmetries are small and, within errors, compatible with zero. New results for charged pions and kaons are presented here.
description: To be published in Proceedings of 17th International Spin Physics Symposium (SPIN06), 2-7 October 2006, Kyoto, Japan
Klein tunneling through the trapezoidal potential barrier in graphene: conductance and shot noise
Creators: name: Paraoanu, Gheorghe Sorin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: When a single-layer graphene sheet is contacted with metallic electrodes, tunnel barriers are formed as a result of the doping of graphene by the metal in the contact region. If the Fermi energy level is modulated by a gate voltage, the phenomenon of Klein tunneling results in specific features in the conductance and noise. Here we obtain analytically exact solutions for the transmission and reflection probability amplitudes using a trapezoidal potential barrier, allowing us to calculate the differential conductance and the Fano factor for a graphene sheet in the ballistic regime. We put in evidence an unexpected global symmetry - the transmission probability is the same for energies symmetric with respect to half of the barrier height. We outline a proposal for the experimental verification of these ideas using realistic sample parameters.
description: 18 pages, 9 figures
The First Galaxies: Assembly, Cooling and the Onset of Turbulence
Creators: name: Greif, Thomas H.
name: Johnson, Jarrett L.
name: Klessen, Ralf S.
name: Bromm, Volker
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the properties of the first galaxies at z > 10 with highly resolved numerical simulations, starting from cosmological initial conditions and taking into account all relevant primordial chemistry and cooling. A first galaxy is characterized by the onset of atomic hydrogen cooling, once the virial temperature exceeds 10^4 K, and its ability to retain photoheated gas. We follow the complex accretion and star formation history of a 5*10^7 M_sun system by means of a detailed merger tree and derive an upper limit on the number of Population III (Pop III) stars formed prior to its assembly. We investigate the thermal and chemical evolution of infalling gas and find that partial ionization at temperatures > 10^4 K catalyses the formation of H2 and hydrogen deuteride, allowing the gas to cool to the temperature of the cosmic microwave background. Depending on the strength of radiative and chemical feedback, primordial star formation might be dominated by intermediate-mass Pop III stars formed during the assembly of the first galaxies. Accretion on to the nascent galaxy begins with hot accretion, where gas is accreted directly from the intergalactic medium and shock-heated to the virial temperature, but is quickly accompanied by a phase of cold accretion, where the gas cools in filaments before flowing into the parent halo with high velocities. The latter drives supersonic turbulence at the centre of the galaxy and could lead to very efficient chemical mixing. The onset of turbulence in the first galaxies thus likely marks the transition to Pop II star formation.
description: 18 pages, 14 figures, published in MNRAS