cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
High-Performance Lithium Metal Batteries Enabled by a Fluorinated Cyclic Ether with a Low Reduction Potential
Creators: name: Wu, Min
name: Wang, Zeyi
name: Zhang, Weiran
name: Jayawardana, Chamithri
name: Li, Yue
name: Chen, Fu
name: Nan, Bo
name: Lucht, Brett L.
name: Wang, Chunsheng
Publisher: name: Wiley
Year: 2023
Subjects: anode-free
electrolyte engineering
fluorinated ether
reduction potential
solubility

description: Electrolyte engineering is crucial for developing high-performance lithium metal batteries (LMB). Here, we synthesized two cosolvents methyl bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide (MFSI) and 3,3,4,4-tetrafluorotetrahydrofuran (TFF) with significantly different reduction potentials and add them into LiFSI-DME electrolytes. The LiFSI/TFF-DME electrolyte gave an average Li Coulombic efficiency (CE) of 99.41 % over 200 cycles, while the average Li CEs for MFSI-based electrolyte is only 98.62 %. Additionally, the TFF-based electrolytes exhibited a more reversible performance than the state-of-the-art fluorinated 1,4-dimethoxylbutane electrolyte in both Li||Cu half-cell and anode-free Cu||LiNi0.8Mn0.1Co0.1O2 full cell. More importantly, the decomposition product from bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide anion could react with ether solvent, which destroyed the SEI, thus decreasing cell performance. These key discoveries provide new insights into the rational design of electrolyte solvents and cosolvents for LMB.
Design of the Xylitol for Adult Caries Trial (X-ACT)
Creators: name: Shugars, Daniel A
name: Bader, James D
Publisher: name: BioMed Central Ltd
Year: 2010

description: Abstract Background Dental caries incidence in adults is similar to that in children and adolescents, but few caries preventive agents have been evaluated for effectiveness in adults populations. In addition, dentists direct fewer preventive services to their adult patients. Xylitol, an over-the-counter sweetener, has shown some potential as a caries preventive agent, but the evidence for its effectiveness is not yet conclusive and is based largely on studies in child populations. Methods/Design X-ACT is a three-year, multi-center, placebo controlled, double-blind, randomized clinical trial that tests the effects of daily use of xylitol lozenges versus placebo lozenges on the prevention of adult caries. The trial has randomized 691 participants (ages 21-80) to the two arms. The primary outcome is the increment of cavitated lesions. Discussion This trial should help resolve the overall issue of the effectiveness of xylitol in preventing caries by contributing evidence with a low risk of bias. Just as importantly, the trial will provide much-needed information about the effectiveness of a promising caries prevention agent in adults. An effective xylitol-based caries prevention intervention would represent an easily disseminated method to extend caries prevention to individuals not receiving caries preventive treatment in the dental office. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.Gov NCT00393055
Problem-based Universal Design for Learning in Technical Communication and Rhetoric Instruction
Creators: name: Williams, Joseph
name: Rice, Rich
name: Lauren, Ben
name: Morrison, Steve
name: Winkle, Kevin Van
name: Elliott, Tim
Publisher: name: Journal of Problem Based Learning in Higher Education
Year: 2013

description: It is crucial for Tech Comm instructors to address challenges of audience within the artificial environment of classroom instruction. Without a distinct and specific audience, course content often remains theoretical and abstract, and students struggle both to connect the unknown to the known, and to generate meaningful and effective communication. As a consequence, teachers often ask students to create "authentic" audiences in order to provide a tangible anchor for learning. Truly authentic audiences, however, are increasingly mixed, composed of constituents who have disparate interests and needs that must be addressed with multiple sophisticated appeals, arguments, and modalities. Theories of Problem-Based Learning (PBL) and Universal Design for Learning (UDL) can be used to embrace these complexities meaningfully, strengthening students' opportunities for learning through scaffolded instruction and flexible course design.
description: Journal of Problem Based Learning in Higher Education, Vol 1 No 1 (2013)
The Double Ring Illusion - experiment 2
Creators: name: Bai, Dawei
name: Strickland, Brent
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cognitive Psychology
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: visual illusion

description: One basic physical law of our world is “solidity”: objects do not run through each other. Is solidity embedded in the visual processing? Results from experiment 1 suggest that when viewing ambiguous motion displays, our visual system automatically uses solidity to compute motion. The present experiment investigates the influence of the shadow depth cue on the perception of ambiguous motion under solidity constraints.
Musikterapiens indplacering i Danmark
Creators: name: Pedersen, Inge Nygaard
name: Frederiksen, Britta
name: Lindvang, Charlotte
Publisher: name: Musikterapi i Psykiatrien Online
Year: 1998

description: Musikterapiens indplacering i Danmark: - som akademisk disciplin/uddannelse - som behandlingstilbud inden for psykiatrien i DK - i en forståelse af psykiske problemer
description: Musikterapi i Psykiatrien Online, Årg. 1 Nr. 1 (1998): Musikterapi i psykiatrien Årsskrift 1998
Differential expression analysis with global network adjustment
Creators: name: Ibrahim, Joseph
Publisher: name: BioMed Central Ltd
Year: 2013

description: Abstract Background Large-scale chromosomal deletions or other non-specific perturbations of the transcriptome can alter the expression of hundreds or thousands of genes, and it is of biological interest to understand which genes are most profoundly affected. We present a method for predicting a gene’s expression as a function of other genes thereby accounting for the effect of transcriptional regulation that confounds the identification of genes differentially expressed relative to a regulatory network. The challenge in constructing such models is that the number of possible regulator transcripts within a global network is on the order of thousands, and the number of biological samples is typically on the order of 10. Nevertheless, there are large gene expression databases that can be used to construct networks that could be helpful in modeling transcriptional regulation in smaller experiments. Results We demonstrate a type of penalized regression model that can be estimated from large gene expression databases, and then applied to smaller experiments. The ridge parameter is selected by minimizing the cross-validation error of the predictions in the independent out-sample. This tends to increase the model stability and leads to a much greater degree of parameter shrinkage, but the resulting biased estimation is mitigated by a second round of regression. Nevertheless, the proposed computationally efficient “over-shrinkage” method outperforms previously used LASSO-based techniques. In two independent datasets, we find that the median proportion of explained variability in expression is approximately 25%, and this results in a substantial increase in the signal-to-noise ratio allowing more powerful inferences on differential gene expression leading to biologically intuitive findings. We also show that a large proportion of gene dependencies are conditional on the biological state, which would be impossible with standard differential expression methods. Conclusions By adjusting for the effects of the global network on individual genes, both the sensitivity and reliability of differential expression measures are greatly improved.
The Mid-Infrared Instrument for the James Webb Space Telescope, VII: The MIRI Detectors
Creators: name: Rieke, G. H.
name: Ressler, M. E.
name: Morrison, Jane E.
name: Bergeron, L.
name: Bouchet, Patrice
name: Garcıa-Marın, Macarena
name: Greene, T. P.
name: Regan, M. W.
name: Sukhatme, K. G.
name: Walker, Helen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The MIRI Si:As IBC detector arrays extend the heritage technology from the Spitzer IRAC arrays to a 1024 x 1024 pixel format. We provide a short discussion of the principles of operation, design, and performance of the individual MIRI detectors, in support of a description of their operation in arrays provided in an accompanying paper (Ressler et al. (2015)). We then describe modeling of their response. We find that electron diffusion is an important component of their performance, although it was omitted in previous models. Our new model will let us optimize the bias voltage while avoiding avalanche gain. It also predicts the fraction of the IR-active layer that is depleted (and thus contributes to the quantum efficiency) as signal is accumulated on the array amplifier. Another set of models accurately predicts the nonlinearity of the detector-amplifier unit and has guided determination of the corrections for nonlinearity. Finally, we discuss how diffraction at the interpixel gaps and total internal reflection can produce the extended cross-like artifacts around images with these arrays at short wavelengths, ~ 5 microns. The modeling of the behavior of these devices is helping optimize how we operate them and also providing inputs to the development of the data pipeline.
Numerical simulations of axisymmetric hydrodynamical Bondi-Hoyle accretion onto a compact object
Creators: name: Mellah, Ileyk El
name: Casse, Fabien
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Bondi-Hoyle accretion configurations occur as soon as a gravitating body is immersed in an ambient medium with a supersonic relative velocity. From wind-accreting X-ray binaries to runaway neutron stars, such a regime has been witnessed many times and is believed to account for shock formation, the properties of which can be only marginally derived analytically. In this paper, we present the first results of the numerical characterization of the stationary flow structure of Bondi-Hoyle accretion onto a compact object, from the large scale accretion radius down to the vicinity of the compact body. For different Mach numbers, we study the associated bow shock. It turns out that those simulations confirm the analytical prediction by Foglizzo & Ruffert (1996) concerning the topology of the inner sonic surface with an adiabatic index of 5/3. They also enable us to derive the related mass accretion rates, the position and the temperature of the bow shock, as function of the flow parameters, along with the transverse density and temperature profiles in the wake.
description: 12 pages, 9 figures
Gruppemusikterapi med psykiatriske patienter
Creators: name: Jensen, Bent
Publisher: name: Musikterapi i Psykiatrien Online
Year: 2000

description: Gruppemusikterapi med psykiatriske patienter
description: Musikterapi i Psykiatrien Online, Årg. 2 Nr. 1 (2000): Musikterapi i psykiatrien Årsskrift 2000
Pearl-Like Sheen in Soft Capsules: An Unusual Optical Effect that is Reversibly Induced by Temperature
Creators: name: Rath, Medha
name: Fear, Allison
name: Woehl, Taylor J.
name: Raghavan, Srinivasa R.
Publisher: name: Wiley
Year: 2023
Subjects: glossy sheen
lustrous sheen
pearl-like appearance
stimuli-responsive capsules
thermoresponsive capsules

description: A pearl-like sheen (i.e., pearlescence) is seen in many natural materials like nacre and in some commercial paints and cosmetics. This phenomenon is attributed to the interaction of light with plate-like particles in the material. Here, for the first time, pearlescence is demonstrated in soft millimeter-scale capsules that contain no plate-like particles. The capsules have a thin (~500 µm) outer shell of N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPA) hydrogel, which has a lower critical solution temperature (LCST) of 32 °C. When a transparent NIPA-shelled capsule is heated above this LCST, it turns pearlescent. The effect is reversible, with the transparent state being recovered upon cooling. This is the first example of reversible pearlescence in any solid. Specular reflectance measurements show that the pearlescence of the capsules is comparable to that of natural pearls. Pearlescence is not observed in NIPA hydrogels; it arises only in NIPA-shelled capsules, and that too only when the shell is thin. Above its LCST, the NIPA shell shrinks and gets stretched, and nanoscale NIPA-rich domains arise within this shell, which induce the pearlescence. This study sheds fresh insight into the nature of pearlescence, on how it can be tuned, and on how this property can be introduced into various soft materials.
Opgørelse af fremmøde-stabilitet for patienter i musikterapi 1997
Creators: name: Hannibal, Niels
name: Pedersen, Inge Nygaard
Publisher: name: Musikterapi i Psykiatrien Online
Year: 2000

description: Opgørelse af fremmøde-stabilitet for patienter i musikterapi 1997
description: Musikterapi i Psykiatrien Online, Årg. 2 Nr. 1 (2000): Musikterapi i psykiatrien Årsskrift 2000
Systematischer Umgang mit Forschungsdaten am Campus Göttingen
Creators: name: Buddenbohm, Stefan
name: Steckel, Alex
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: NFDI
Research Infrastructure
Research Data Management

description: Göttingen, ein starker Akteur in der NFDI

Verschiedene Institutionen des Göttingen Campus sind an 17 der 27 NFDI-Konsortien beteiligt. Der Göttingen Campus leistet einen wesentlichen Beitrag zur Entwicklung der NFDI in Deutschland und engagiert sich für die Etablierung der NFDI als eine gesamtwissenschaftspolitische Aufgabe. Die Strategie zur Schaffung lokaler Unterstützungsstrukturen wird zunehmend von der Niedersächsischen Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Göttingen (SUB) und der GWDG vorangetrieben. Die Göttingen eResearch Alliance, als langjährig etabliertes Zentrum für Forschungsdatenmanagement auf dem Göttingen Campus, unterstützt die Teilnehmer der NFDI-Konsortien auf dem Campus.

Der Posterbeitrag stellt alle am Campus Göttingen vertretenen Konsortien, die Basisdiensteinitiative Base4NFDI sowie die eResearch Alliance vor und zeigt so das breite Spektrum des Forschungsdatenmanagements am Standort.
Cosmological isotropic matter-energy generalizations of Schwarzschild and Kerr metrics
Creators: name: Arik, Metin
name: Senikoglu, Yorgo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a time dependent isotropic fluid solution around a Schwarzschild black hole. We offer the solutions and discuss the effects on the field equations and the horizon. We derive the energy density, pressure and the equation of state parameter. In the second part, we generalize the rotating black hole solution to an expanding universe. We derive from the proposed metric the special solutions of the field equations for the dust approximation and the dark energy solution. We show that the presence of a rotating black hole does not modify the scale factor $b(t)=t^{2/3}$ law for dust, nor $b(t)=e^{λ\hspace{1mm}t}$ and $p=-ρ$ for dark energy.
description: 12 pages, accepted version for publication in Int.J.Mod.Phys.D
Malaria in the Murine Intestine
Creators: name: Mooney, Jason
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Parasitology
subject: Immunology and Infectious Disease
subject: Life Sciences
subject: enteritis
subject: intestine
subject: malaria
subject: permeability
subject: plasmodium

description: Raw data files from the manuscrpt, 'Intestinal inflammation and increased intestinal permeability in Plasmodium chabaudi AS infected mice'. In the paper, we describe mild intestinal inflammation and increased intestinal permeability in a refined model of murine malaria – one of mild severity and a low density infection. Further, for the first time, we clearly show malaria parasites within the intestinal tissue by immunohistochemistry. However, parasites were not readily ‘sequestered’ to the intestinal endothelium, but rather evenly dispersed along the intestine by qPCR and visualised within both small and large blood vessels and, in contrast to the spleen, not schizonts. Further, circulating parasite burden correlated positively to both increased permeability and intestinal inflammation (faecal calprotectin). Therefore, it appears that the systemic response to infection has a direct impact on the intestinal phenotype observed. Please address all correspondence to myself (Jason.Mooney@ed.ac.uk) or Dr. Joanne Thompson, Joanne.Thompson@ed.ac.uk.
Damage control operations in non-trauma patients: defining criteria for the staged rapid source control laparotomy in emergency general surgery
Creators: name: Gallaher, Jared R
Publisher: name: BioMed Central
Year: 2016

description: Abstract Background The staged laparotomy in the operative management of emergency general surgery (EGS) patients is an extension of trauma surgeons operating on this population. Indications for its application, however, are not well defined, and are currently based on the lethal triad used in physiologically-decompensated trauma patients. This study sought to determine the acute indications for the staged, rapid source control laparotomy (RSCL) in EGS patients. Methods All EGS patients undergoing emergent staged RSCL and non-RSCL over 3 years were studied. Demographics, physiologic parameters, perioperative variables, outcomes, and survival were compared. Logistic regression models determined the influence of physiologic parameters on mortality and postoperative complications. EGS-RSCL indications were defined. Results 215 EGS patients underwent emergent laparotomy; 53 (25 %) were staged RSCL. In the 53 patients who underwent a staged RSCL based on the lethal triad, adjusted multivariable regression analysis shows that when used alone, no component of the lethal triad independently improved survival. Staged RSCL may decrease mortality in patients with preoperative severe sepsis / septic shock, and an elevated lactate (≥3); acidosis (pH ≤ 7.25); elderly (≥70); male gender; and multiple comorbidities (≥3). Of the 162 non-RSCL emergent laparotomies, 27 (17 %) required unplanned re-explorations; of these, 17 (63 %) had sepsis preoperatively and 9 (33 %) died. Conclusions The acute physiologic indicators that help guide operative decisions in trauma may not confer a similar survival advantage in EGS. To replace the lethal triad, criteria for application of the staged RSCL in EGS need to be defined. Based on these results, the indications should include severe sepsis / septic shock, lactate, acidosis, gender, age, and pre-existing comorbidities. When correctly applied, the staged RSCL may help to improve survival in decompensated EGS patients.
Opbygning af alliance. Musikterapi med en teenagepige fra børnepsykiatrien med diagnosen infantil autisme
Creators: name: Pedersen, Inge Nygaard
Publisher: name: Musikterapi i Psykiatrien Online
Year: 2002

description: Denne artikel er et forsøg på at bringe læseren med ind i atmosfæren, i oplevelsen og overvejelserne i forbindelse med opstart på et musikterapiforløb med en patient, som er meget svær at få kontakt med. Den er skrevet i et detaljerigt praksisnært sprog og har på én gang til for mål at starte på dokumentation af musikterapeutisk arbejde i børnepsykiatrien på musikterapiklinikken,APS og at formidle de mange facetter i et allianceopbyggende arbejde med en meget kontaktsvag patient. Artiklen beskriver prøveforløb og første del af et behandlingsforløb og er bygget op, således at praksisbeskrivelser fra enkelte sessioner efterfølges af teoretiske overvejelser over klinisk praksis. Beskrivelsen af prøveforløbet danner samtidig udgangspunkt for en artikel af min kollega Ulla Holck, hvori hun diskuterer musikterapiens appel og virkefelt ud fra et interaktionsteoretisk perspektiv
description: Musikterapi i Psykiatrien Online, Årg. 3 Nr. 1 (2002): Musikterapi i psykiatrien Årsskrift 2002
Acquiring treatment expectation by Observational Learning: A Systematic Review
Creators: name: Klauss, Helena
name: Kunkel, Angelika
name: Bingel, Ulrike
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: Nocebo
subject: Observational Learning
subject: Placebo
subject: Social Learning Theory
subject: Treatment Expectation

description: Research indicates that Observational Learning offers the chance to induce positive treatment expectations that may lead to symptom alleviation and increased treatment success. By actively modifying patients’ expectations, the occurrence of negative side effects can be reduced. In this work, studies investigating observationally induced placebo and nocebo responses and expectation acquisition will be reviewed systematically and research methods will be presented. This project is conducted at the University Duisburg-Essen, Germany. For detailed information, please find the pdf attached.
Mesenchymal Stem Cell Culture within Perfusion Bioreactors Incorporating 3D-Printed Scaffolds Enables Improved Extracellular Vesicle Yield with Preserved Bioactivity
Creators: name: Kronstadt, Stephanie M.
name: Patel, Divya B.
name: Born, Louis J.
name: Levy, Daniel
name: Lerman, Max J.
name: Mahadik, Bhushan
name: McLoughlin, Shannon T.
name: Fasuyi, Arafat
name: Fowlkes, Lauren
name: Van Heyningen, Lauren Hoorens
name: Aranda, Amaya
name: Abadchi, Sanaz Nourmohammadi
name: Chang, Kai-Hua
name: Hsu, Angela Ting Wei
name: Bengali, Sameer
name: Harmon, John W.
name: Fisher, John P.
name: Jay, Steven M.
Publisher: name: Wiley
Year: 2023
Subjects: 3D printing
bioreactors
exosome
mesenchymal stem cells
wound healing

description: Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are implicated as promising therapeutics and drug delivery vehicles in various diseases. However, successful clinical translation will depend on the development of scalable biomanufacturing approaches, especially due to the documented low levels of intrinsic EV-associated cargo that may necessitate repeated doses to achieve clinical benefit in certain applications. Thus, here the effects of a 3D-printed scaffold-perfusion bioreactor system are assessed on the production and bioactivity of EVs secreted from bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), a cell type widely implicated in generating EVs with therapeutic potential. The results indicate that perfusion bioreactor culture induces an ≈40-80-fold increase (depending on measurement method) in MSC EV production compared to conventional cell culture. Additionally, MSC EVs generated using the perfusion bioreactor system significantly improve wound healing in a diabetic mouse model, with increased CD31+ staining in wound bed tissue compared to animals treated with flask cell culture-generated MSC EVs. Overall, this study establishes a promising solution to a major EV translational bottleneck, with the capacity for tunability for specific applications and general improvement alongside advancements in 3D-printing technologies.
The Impact of Urbanization on Mesoscale Convective Systems in the Yangtze River Delta Region of China: Insights Gained From Observations and Modeling
Creators: name: Xian, Tian
name: Guo, Jianping
name: Zhao, Runze
name: Su, Tianning
name: Li, Zhanqing
Publisher: name: Wiley
Year: 2023

description: Urbanization is an important factor that may influence the formation and development of clouds and precipitation. In this study, we focus on studying the influence of urbanization on mesoscale convective systems (MCS) over the Yangtze River Delta region in China under different synoptic conditions using a combination of radiosonde, meteorological station, and satellite observations. It demonstrates that synoptic forcing can be used to distinguish the effect of land cover and land use on MCS. When the synoptic-scale forcing is weak, the urban heat island (UHI) is the main factor affecting the vertical development of clouds. The UHI decreases atmospheric stability and enhances horizontal convergence, invigorating clouds over and downwind of cities. On the other hand, when strong synoptic-scale forcing is present, buildings in cities cause clouds to bifurcate upwind of cities, moving around them, primarily through their dynamic effects. The heights of cloud tops in central and downwind parts of cities thus drop. Using the Weather Research and Forecasting model simulations of different atmospheric forcings also demonstrate similar patterns around major urban areas. The joint analyses of observations and model simulations provide new insights into the net effects of urbanization on cloud systems.
Musikterapiens appel og virkefelt. Et interaktionsteoretisk perspektiv på et prøveforløb med en teenagepige fra børnepsykiatrien med diagnosen infantil autisme
Creators: name: Holck, Ulla
Publisher: name: Musikterapi i Psykiatrien Online
Year: 2002

description: Med udgangspunkt i Inge Nygaard Pedersens artikel om musikterapi med en teenagepige med diagnosen infantil autisme, diskuteres musikterapiens appel og virkefelt. Ud fra en interaktionsteoretisk vinkel fremhæves handlingsaspektet i musikterapi - og herunder balancenmellem kendt og ukendt, forventingsstrukturer samt opbygning af en fælles interaktionshistorie mellem patient og terapeut. Endelig drøftes betydningen af musiks identitetsskabende funktion for børn og unge, samt aspekter af det musikalske samspils styrke i forhold til at opbygge en terapeutisk alliance.
description: Musikterapi i Psykiatrien Online, Årg. 3 Nr. 1 (2002): Musikterapi i psykiatrien Årsskrift 2002
Infant temperament contributes to early infant growth: a prospective cohort of African American infants
Creators: name: Goldman, Barbara
name: Adair, Linda
name: Borja, Judith
name: Slining, Meghan
name: Bentley, Margaret
Publisher: name: BioMed Central Ltd
Year: 2009

description: Abstract Background Prospective studies linking infant temperament, or behavioral style, to infant body composition are lacking. In this longitudinal study (3 to 18 months), we seek to examine the associations between two dimensions of infant temperament (distress to limitations and activity level) and two anthropometric indicators (weight-for-length z-scores (WLZ) and skin fold (SF) measures) in a population at high risk of overweight. Methods Data are from the Infant Care and Risk of Obesity Project, a longitudinal study of North Carolina low income African American mother-infant dyads (n = 206). Two temperament dimensions were assessed using the Infant Behavior Questionnaire-Revised. A high distress to limitations score denotes an infant whose mother perceives that s/he often cries or fusses, and a high activity level score one who moves his/her limbs and squirms frequently. Cross-sectional analyses were conducted using ordinary least squares regression. Fixed effects longitudinal models were used to estimate anthropometric outcomes as a function of time varying infant temperament. Results In longitudinal models, increased activity levels were associated with later decreased fatness and WLZ. In contrast, high levels of distress to limitations were associated with later increased fatness at all time points and later increased WLZ at 12 months. Conclusion Infant temperament dimensions contribute to our understanding of the role of behavior in the development of the risk of overweight in the formative months of life. Identification of modifiable risk factors early in life may help target strategies for establishing healthy lifestyles prior to the onset of overweight.
Theories and implications for centering Indigenous and queer embodiment within sociotechnical systems
Creators: name: Wagner, Travis L.
name: Marsh, Diana
name: Curliss, Lydia
Publisher: name: Wiley
Year: 2023

description: This paper explores the role of Indigenous and queer embodiment in understanding the current limitations of sociotechnical systems as they relate to cultural heritage institutions. Through the utilization of a critical case study the paper highlights the ways in which the ideologies of colonialism and cisnormativity render Indigenous and queer identities invisible within cultural heritage institutions. In particular, the case studies highlight information organization, archival description, and cataloging as sites of ideological reinforcement for colonialism and gender binaries. In response, the paper identifies methods for not only naming such normative ideologies, but actionable ways to challenge such inequities through community-led, Indigenous, and queer affirming descriptive practices. Additionally, the paper attends to the way findings impact other historically marginalized identities and theorize methods for confronting such inequities within sociotechnical systems more broadly.
When electric charge becomes also magnetic
Creators: name: Adorno, Tiago C.
name: Gitman, Dmitry M.
name: Shabad, Anatoly E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In nonlinear electrodynamics, QED included, we find a static solution to the field equations with an electric charge as its source, which is comprised of homogeneous parallel magnetic and electric fields, and a radial spherically-nonsymmetric long-range magnetic field, whose magnetic charge is proportional to the electric charge and also depends on the homogeneous component of the solution.
description: Four pages, no figures
Henvisning, assessment og egnethed til musikterapi i psykiatrisk regi
Creators: name: Hannibal, Niels
Publisher: name: Musikterapi i Psykiatrien Online
Year: 2002

description: I denne artikel beskrives og uddybes emnerne henvisning, assessment og egnethed til musikterapi. Først redegøres for typiske henvisningsgrunde til musikterapi og for hvilken psykoterapeutiskbehandling musikterapien i psykiatrien tilbyder. Derefter gennemgås de egnethedskriterier der ligge til grund for assessmentproceduren i musikterapi regi. Derefter gennemgås assessmentforløbets konkrete opbygning hvor fokus er: musikken som konkret fænomen, somrelationelt felt og som symbolsk repræsentation. Der afsluttes med eksemplifi cering i gennem en case beskrivelse, hvor assessmentforløbet og den efterfølgende egnethedsvurdering gennemgås.
description: Musikterapi i Psykiatrien Online, Årg. 3 Nr. 1 (2002): Musikterapi i psykiatrien Årsskrift 2002
Typicalness of chaotic fractal behaviour of integral vortexes in Hamiltonian systems with discontinuous right hand side
Creators: name: Hildebrand, Roland
name: Lokutsievskiy, Lev
name: Zelikin, Mikhail
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 37J99 (Primary) 49L99 (Secondary)

description: We consider a linear-quadratic deterministic optimal control problem where the control takes values in a two-dimensional simplex. The phase portrait of the optimal synthesis contains second-order singular extremals and exhibits modes of infinite accumulations of switchings in finite time, so-called chattering. We prove the presence of an entirely new phenomenon, namely the chaotic behaviour of bounded pieces of optimal trajectories. We find the hyperbolic domains in the neighbourhood of a homoclinic point and estimate the corresponding contraction-extension coefficients. This gives us the possibility to calculate the entropy and the Hausdorff dimension of the non-wandering set which appears to have a Cantor-like structure as in Smale's Horseshoe. The dynamics of the system is described by a topological Markov chain. In the second part it is shown that this behaviour is generic for piece-wise smooth Hamiltonian systems in the vicinity of a junction of three discontinuity hyper-surface strata.
description: 113 pages, 22 figures
How parental socioeconomic status affects a child's education
Creators: name: Paulus, Lena
name: Spinath, Frank
name: Hahn, Elisabeth
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Personality and Social Contexts
subject: Education
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: Differences in educational trajectories in general and in particular school performances between children within and between different social classes, and thus the persisting educational inequalities, can only be partially explained by differences in the most studied factor - children's cognitive abilities (Arnold et al., 2007; Paulus et al., 2021; von Stumm, 2017). Therefore, it is important to examine additional constructs that might help to understand the emergence and perpetuation of educational inequalities. Based on previous research, these factors could include academic intrinsic motivation (Taylor et al., 2014), self-control (Duckworth & Seligman, 2005), or the quality of home environment (Hanscombe, Haworth, Davis, Jaffee, & Plomin, 2011). The aim of the present study is to consider additional constructs in a collective fashion to specify their potential unique as well as joint contributions, and to identify associated mechanisms (mediation, moderation) underlying the question how SES influences educational trajectories and contributes to educational inequalities.
Livline til virkeligheden
Creators: name: Storm, Sanne
Publisher: name: Musikterapi i Psykiatrien Online
Year: 2002

description: Denne artikel er en oversættelse af mit foredrag på verdenskongressen i musikterapi i Oxford 2002. Den er baseret på mit speciale »Livline til virkeligheden - første skridt i enpsykoterapeutisk behandling« (Storm 2002). Artiklen tager udgangspunkt i en case med en alvorligt psykisk syg kvinde, der er indlagt for første gang på psykiatrisk sygehus til Obs. pro forskizofreni, og som i indlæggelsesperioden desuden har udviklet et stort ordmobiliseringsbesvær. Den musikterapeutiske behandling beskrives. Gennem analyser af tre udvalgte musikeksemplerdokumenteres den terapeutiske udvikling i musikterapi fra et ubevidst og præ-verbalt stadie til et bevidst og verbalt stadie, - en såkaldt psykisk re-organisering. Første og tredie musikeksempelanalyseres udfra morfologiske principper, og her inddrages dele af Daniel Sterns udviklingsteori som teoretisk platform til forståelse af patientens psykologiske problemstilling. Andet musikeksempelanalyseres med fokus på patientens stemme og på nodetransskriptionen af sangen, sådan som sangen synges. Til analyse af stemmen anvender jeg et stemmeassessmentskema jeg selv har udviklet og senere videreudviklet i samarbejde med Stephan Skov (Storm & Skov 2000). I en efterbehandling af tredie analyse, der omfatter en analyse af en klinisk improvisation, udledes en ny hypotese om, hvordan den kliniske improvisation gennemgår forskellige faser frem mod en re-organisering, og hvilken rolle og funktion musikken og musikterapeuten har.
description: Musikterapi i Psykiatrien Online, Årg. 3 Nr. 1 (2002): Musikterapi i psykiatrien Årsskrift 2002
Correlation and current anomalies in helical quantum dots
Creators: name: De Beule, Christophe
name: Ziani, Niccolo T.
name: Zarenia, Mohammad
name: Partoens, Bart
name: Trauzettel, Bjoern
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We theoretically investigate the ground-state properties of a quantum dot defined on the surface of a strong three-dimensional time-reversal invariant topological insulator. Confinement is realized by ferromagnetic barriers and Coulomb interaction is treated numerically for up to seven electrons in the dot. Experimentally relevant intermediate interaction strengths are considered. The topological nature of the dot has interesting consequences: i) spin polarization increases and the ground state exhibits quantum phase transitions at specific angular momenta as a function of interaction strength ii) the onset of Wigner correlations takes place mainly in one spin channel, iii) the ground state is characterized by a persistent current which changes sign as a function of the radius of the dot.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
Decree or democracy? State takeovers and local government financial outcomes
Creators: name: Singla, Akheil
name: Spreen, Thomas Luke
name: Shumberger, Jason
Publisher: name: Wiley
Year: 2023

description: Many states possess the authority to intervene in local fiscal emergencies, in some cases curtailing decision-making powers of local officials through the appointment of an emergency financial manager. Previous research has recognized that these managers can push through unpopular reforms that may improve financial health but come at the expense of local control and democratic accountability. We assess the financial outcomes after eight recent state takeovers relative to a matched counterfactual comprised of similarly distressed general purpose local governments. The staggered difference-in-differences analysis shows emergency managers improve budgetary solvency and increase fiscal reserves. These enhancements are achieved through significant reduction of general fund expenditures. Several long-term indicators show deterioration in financial health after state intervention reflecting a significant decline in long-term assets. Overall, municipalities subjected to a state takeover did not realize significant long-run improvements in financial health indicators relative to counterfactual governments.
Kommentar til artiklen "Casen om Marianne" af Jos De Backer og Jan Van Camp
Creators: name: Pedersen, Inge Nygaard
Publisher: name: Musikterapi i Psykiatrien Online
Year: 2002

description: Kommentar til artiklen "Casen om Marianne" af Jos De Backer og Jan Van Camp.
description: Musikterapi i Psykiatrien Online, Årg. 3 Nr. 1 (2002): Musikterapi i psykiatrien Årsskrift 2002
Valence and Memory During COVID-19
Creators: name: Pham, Julie
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: The purpose of this study is to understand the effects of COVID-19 on the valence of memories in a longitudinal sample. We will be looking at age differences in the changes on risk perception and future time perspectives as predictors for the number of positive and negative memories recalled about the pandemic.
Luminal and Mucosal-Associated Intestinal Microbiota in Patients with Diarrhea-Predominant Irritable Bowel Syndrome
Creators: name: Park, Jiwon
name: Sartor, Balfour
name: Carroll, Ian
name: Ringel, Yehuda
Publisher: name: BioMed Central Ltd
Year: 2010

description: Abstract Background Recent studies have suggested a role for an altered intestinal microbiota in the pathophysiology of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). However, no consensus has been reached regarding the association between specific enteric bacterial groups and IBS. The aim of this study was to investigate the fecal and mucosal-associated microbiota using two independent techniques in intestinal samples from diarrhea-predominant IBS (D-IBS) and healthy controls. Methods Fecal and colonic mucosal biopsy samples were obtained from 10 D-IBS patients and 10 healthy controls. Colonic tissue was collected during a un-sedated un-prepped flexible sigmoidoscopy. Fecal and tissue samples were processed immediately upon collection for culture under aerobic and anaerobic conditions or frozen for further molecular analysis. DNA was extracted from all frozen samples and used to enumerate specific bacterial groups using quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR). Results Culture analysis of intestinal samples demonstrated a significant reduction in the concentration of aerobic bacteria in fecal samples from D-IBS patients when compared to healthy controls (1.4 × 107 vs. 8.4 × 108 CFUs/g feces, P = 0.002). qPCR analysis demonstrated a significant 3.6 fold increase (P = 0.02) in concentrations of fecal Lactobacillus species between D-IBS patients and healthy controls. Conclusions Our culture and molecular data indicate that quantitative differences exist in specific bacterial groups in the microbiota between D-IBS and healthy subjects.
On quantum phase transitions in tilted 2D lattices
Creators: name: Kolovsky, Andrey R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the quantum phase transition from the Mott-insulator state to the density-wave state for cold Bose atoms in a 2D square lattice as the lattice is adiabatically tilted along one of its primary axes. It is shown that a small misalignment of the tilt drastically changes the result of the adiabatic passage and, instead of the density-wave state, one obtains a disordered state. Intrinsic relation of the problem to Bloch oscillations of hard-core bosons in a 2D lattice is illuminated.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures
Frustration in Super-Ionic Conductors Unraveled by the Density of Atomistic States
Creators: name: Wang, Shuo
name: Liu, Yunsheng
name: Mo, Yifei
Publisher: name: Wiley
Year: 2023
Subjects: density of states
disordering
frustration
ion conductor
machine learning

description: The frustration in super-ionic conductors enables their exceptionally high ionic conductivities, which are desired for many technological applications including batteries and fuel cells. A key challenge in the study of frustration is the difficulties in analyzing a large number of disordered atomistic configurations. Using lithium super-ionic conductors as model systems, we propose and demonstrate the density of atomistic states (DOAS) analytics to quantitatively characterize the onset and degree of disordering, reveal the energetics of local disorder, and elucidate how the frustration enhances diffusion through the broadening and overlapping of the energy levels of atomistic states. Furthermore, material design strategies aided by the DOAS are devised and demonstrated for new super-ionic conductors. The DOAS is generally applicable analytics for unraveling fundamental mechanisms in complex atomistic systems and guiding material design.
Casen om Marianne. Gentagelse og musikalsk form i arbejde med psykose
Creators: name: Backer, Jos De
name: Camp, Jan Van
Publisher: name: Musikterapi i Psykiatrien Online
Year: 2002

description: Baggrunden for denne artikel er vores erfaring med at musik er et yderst relevant redskab til at skab/genskabe et indre psykisk rum i arbejde med psykotiske patienter. Da et sådant psykisk rum ifølge klassisk psykoanalyse og objektrelationsteori stammer fra transformationer af sensoriske indtryk, som omdannes til en form for indre repræsentationer, og da vi ved, at evnen til at skabe indre repræsentationer er alvorligt skadet hos psykotiske patienter, er der et stort behov for at fi nde ud af, hvordan og med hvilke redskaber, denne evne kan blive genskabt. Gennem klinisk arbejde med disse patienter i en musikterapeutisk kontekst, har vi erfaret, at de ofte gentager et bestemt musikalsk mønster uendeligt. I deres musikalske improvisationer repetererpatienterne f.eks. vedvarende en bestemt rytme eller en lille melodisk sekvens. Dette bliver til en endeløs gentagelse i spillemåde - en slags musikalsk rokken frem og tilbage. Ud fra vores forskning kan vi beskrive denne gentagelse(s-tvang) som tilstedeværelsen af en psykotisk 'oplevelse' af verden. Psykotiske patienter disponerer - efterhånden som sygdommen skrider frem - ikke over et indre psykisk rum, hvorfra de kan symbolisere eller danne repræsentationer. Derfor er de, udtrykt i musikterapeutiske termer, ikke i stand til at skabe en musikalsk form igennem hvilkende kan eksistere som et subjekt. Det bevirker at den terapeutiske overgang fra sensoriske indtryk til skabelsen af en musikalsk form (også kaldet proto-symboliseringen) er en basal forudsætning for at en musikterapeutisk behandling af psykotiske patienter kan finde sted. I denne casebeskrivelse af et musikterapeutisk forløb med en psykotisk kvinde, 'Marianne', ønsker vi at forsøge at beskrive de tre vigtigste niveauer eller øjeblikke i den musikterapeutiske proces: (1) synkronisering eller samtidighed, (2) udvikling af en musikalsk form og (3) musikalsk afslutning af en improvisation.
description: Musikterapi i Psykiatrien Online, Årg. 3 Nr. 1 (2002): Musikterapi i psykiatrien Årsskrift 2002
Microglial-derived miRNA let-7 and HMGB1 contribute to ethanol-induced neurotoxicity via TLR7
Creators: name: Crews, Fulton
name: Zou, Jian
name: Coleman, Leon G
Publisher: name: BioMed Central
Year: 2017

description: Abstract Background Toll-like receptor (TLR) signaling is emerging as an important component of neurodegeneration. TLR7 senses viral RNA and certain endogenous miRNAs to initiate innate immune responses leading to neurodegeneration. Alcoholism is associated with hippocampal degeneration, with preclinical studies linking ethanol-induced neurodegeneration with central innate immune induction and TLR activation. The endogenous miRNA let-7b binds TLR7 to cause neurodegeneration. Methods TLR7 and other immune markers were assessed in postmortem human hippocampal tissue that was obtained from the New South Wales Tissue Bank. Rat hippocampal-entorhinal cortex (HEC) slice culture was used to assess specific effects of ethanol on TLR7, let-7b, and microvesicles. Results We report here that hippocampal tissue from postmortem human alcoholic brains shows increased expression of TLR7 and increased microglial activation. Using HEC slice culture, we found that ethanol induces TLR7 and let-7b expression. Ethanol caused TLR7-associated neuroimmune gene induction and initiated the release let-7b in microvesicles (MVs), enhancing TLR7-mediated neurotoxicity. Further, ethanol increased let-7b binding to the danger signaling molecule high mobility group box-1 (HMGB1) in MVs, while reducing let-7 binding to classical chaperone protein argonaute (Ago2). Flow cytometric analysis of MVs from HEC media and analysis of MVs from brain cell culture lines found that microglia were the primary source of let-7b and HMGB1-containing MVs. Conclusions Our results identify that ethanol induces neuroimmune pathology involving the release of let-7b/HMGB1 complexes in microglia-derived microvesicles. This contributes to hippocampal neurodegeneration and may play a role in the pathology of alcoholism.
Titelblad, kolofon, indholdsfortegnelse
Creators: name:  , Redaktionelt
Publisher: name: Musikterapi i Psykiatrien Online
Year: 2005

description: Titelblad, kolofon, indholdsfortegnelse
description: Musikterapi i Psykiatrien Online, Årg. 4 Nr. 1 (2005): Musikterapi i psykiatrien Årsskrift 2005