cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Life Cycle Greenhouse Gas Emissions of Photovoltaic Electricity Generation: Harmonization of Published Estimates
Creators: name: Fthenakis, V.M.
name: Kim, H.C.
name: Hsu, D.
name: O’Donoughue, P.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2011
Subjects: Components for PV Systems
Environmental Impacts, Recycling and Waste Management

description: 26th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 3831-3834
description: Published estimates of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in the lifecycles of photovoltaic (PV) systems
show significantly different values, thus hindering our drawing of generalized conclusions. Much of this variance is
attributable to differences in methodology and assumptions that readily can be harmonized, thereby clarifying the
results. We present the process, and the results of harmonizing the LCAs of major commercial PVs, that is, monocrystalline-
Si-, multi-crystalline-Si-, amorphous-Si-, CdTe-, and CIGS-systems. Harmonization consisted of
gathering about 400 published life-cycle assessments (LCAs) on PVs, screening for their quality and modern
relevance, and undertaking a meta-analysis aligning system boundaries, key assumptions, and PV specifications to
common values and methodologies. After an initial screening that removed outdated and incomplete studies, the lifecycle
GHG emissions reported in the 41 remaining crystalline-Si LCA studies have a median of 57 g CO2-eq./kWh,
with interquartile range (IQR) of 44-73. After reconciling these emissions for roof-top systems under a south
European irradiation of 1700 kWh/m2/yr, the median declined to 45, and the IQR tightened to 39-49. The thin-film
PV estimates carried less uncertainty than those for other systems, and after screening and adjustment were reduced
to single values of 29-, 20-, and 38-g CO2-eq./kWh for a-Si-, CdTe-, and CIGS technologies. Harmonization offers a
clear synopsis of the life-cycle GHG emissions of generating electricity from PVs.
Implementation of a Grid-Connected 500kW Photovoltaic Inverter Using PR Controller
Creators: name: Kim, Y.
name: Cha, H.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2011
Subjects: Components for PV Systems
Balance of System Components

description: 26th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 3697-3699
description: This paper deals with the design and implementation of grid connected photovoltaic (PV) 500kW
inverter using a proportional resonant (PR) controller. The current PR controller is designed and applied to a PV
three-phase inverter with LC filter. The controller is well followed to the current command for effective power
control, resulting in a low current total harmonics distortion (THD) of 3% to meet the grid requirement. Experimental
results show that the proposed controller achieved the lower THD, about 0.3%, than the PI controller over a wide
range of operation under 500kW power flow.
Implementation of Grid Connected 3 Level NPC Inverter for Building Integrated Photovoltaic Systems (BIPV)
Creators: name: Kim, Y.
name: Cha, H.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2011
Subjects: Components for PV Systems
Balance of System Components

description: 26th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 3700-3702
description: This paper deals with the implementation of a grid-connected 3-level Neutral Point Clamped (NPC)
photovoltaic inverter for interconnecting photovoltaic arrays, especially installed on the building, to the grid. 3-level
NPC inverter topology is implemented with LC filter and PR controller. The 3-level NPC Inverter has the equivalent
performance in THD of injected currents to the grid and better efficiency, about 3% higher at the peak efficiency than
the conventional 2-level inverter plus transformer configuration, even though it operates in a half of switching
frequency, 5kHz. 13kW 3-level NPC Inverter is implemented for verification of the above improvement and safety.
OPTIMIZATION-BASED OPERATION AND CONTROL APPROACHES FOR IMPROVING THE RESILIENCE OF ELECTRIC POWER SYSTEMS
Creators: name: Hamilton, Dakota James
Publisher: name: Purdue University Graduate School
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 400805
subject: Electrical energy transmission, networks and systems
classificationCode: 400803
subject: Electrical energy generation (incl. renewables, excl. photovoltaics)

description: The safe and reliable delivery of electricity is critical for the functioning of our modern society. However, high-impact, low-probability (HILP) catastrophic events (such as extreme weather caused by climate change, or cyber-physical attacks) pose an ever-growing threat to the power grid. At the same time, modern advancements in computational capabilities, communication infrastructure, and measurement technologies provide opportunities for new operation and control strategies that enhance the resilience of electric power systems to such HILP events. In this work, optimization-based operation and control approaches are proposed to improve resilience in two power systems applications. First, a real-time linearized-trajectory model-predictive controller (LTMPC) is developed for ensuring voltage, frequency, and transient (rotor angle) stability in systems engineered to operate as microgrids. Such microgrids are capable of seamlessly transitioning from grid-connected operation to an islanded mode and thus, enhance system resilience. The proposed LTMPC enables rapid deployment of such systems by reducing engineering costs and development time while maintaining stable operation. On the other hand, some power systems, such as distribution feeders, are not designed to operate as standalone microgrids. For these cases, a method is proposed for forming ad-hoc microgrids from intact sections of the damaged feeder in the aftermath of a HILP event. A feeder operating center-on-a-laptop (FOCAL) is introduced that coordinates the control of possibly hundreds of inverter-interfaced distributed energy resources (e.g., rooftop solar, battery storage) to improve system resilience. Theoretical analysis as well as numerical case studies and simulations of the proposed strategies are presented for both applications.
First Implementation of Ion Implantation to Produce Commercial Silicon Solar Cells
Creators: name: Yelundur, V.
name: Chandrasekaran, V.
name: Adedokun, A.
name: Payne, A.
name: Wang, X.
name: Meier, D.
name: McPherson, B.
name: Rohatgi, A.
name: Gupta, A.
name: Low, R.J.
name: Sullivan, P.
name: Mullin, J.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2011
Subjects: Wafer-based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Silicon Solar Cell Improvements

description: 26th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 831-834
description: Ion implantation is an enabling technology for high-efficiency c-Si solar cells that requires expertise
and process control to exploit its full potential. Suniva is the first to adopt implantation into commercial Si cell
manufacturing for the production of ARTisun Select cells that have efficiencies approaching 19%. In the Select
process, implantation is followed by an oxidation step to anneal implant damage, create the desired profile, and grow
a passivating thermal oxide without compromising the bulk minority carrier lifetime. The path to commercialization
has included process development in an on-site Development Lab, a pilot demonstration to verify production
readiness, technology transfer from the lab to the manufacturing line, and ramp-up of the line to 24x7 cell production.
With the installation of the first high-throughput ion implanter for PV, optimized unit processes were transferred from
the lab to the production floor which was retrofit for implanters and the Select process. After overcoming challenges
to cell performance, yield, and throughput, all of Suniva’s manufacturing lines are producing ARTisun Select cells
with initial average cell efficiency >18.6%.
Recasting a model atomistic glassformer as a system of icosahedra
Creators: name: Pinney, Rhiannon
name: Liverpool, Tanniemola B.
name: Royall, C. Patrick
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a binary Lennard-Jones glassformer whose super-Arrhenius dynamics are correlated with the formation of icosahedral structures. Upon cooling these icosahedra organize into mesoclusters. We recast this glassformer as an effective system of icosahedra which we describe with a population dynamics model. This model we parameterize with data from the temperature regime accessible to molecular dynamics simulations. We then use the model to determine the population of icosahedra in mesoclusters at arbitrary temperature. Using simulation data to incorporate dynamics into the model we predict relaxation behavior at temperatures inaccessible to conventional approaches. Our model predicts super-Arrhenius dynamics whose relaxation time remains finite for non-zero temperature.
description: 10 pages, 9 figures
Prevalence of the related treponematoses syphilis and yaws and co-occurrence of pathogens causing similar skin lesions in Ghana
Creators: name: Agyekum Boaitey, Yaw
Publisher: name: University of Westminster
Year: 2023

description: Yaws affects children in tropical regions while syphilis affects sexually active adults worldwide. Despite various campaigns towards eradication of yaws and elimination of syphilis, these two diseases are still present in Ghana. The agents causing these diseases, two Treponema pallidum subspecies, are genetically similar, but they have always been studied independently. In this context, this study aimed to assess the prevalence of these treponematoses and determine the co-occurrence of pathogens causing similar skin lesions in the Ashanti region of Ghana. A point-of-care test was used to determine their seroprevalence. Multiplex PCR and 16S rRNA gene sequencing were used to identify other microorganisms in these lesions. Additionally, 16S rRNA gene sequencing was used to compare the microbiota of yaws-like lesions with that of syphilis-like lesions. The results indicated that the seroprevalence of T. pallidum in individuals with yaws-like and syphilis-like lesions were 17.2% and 10.8%, respectively. Multiplex PCR results showed 9.1%, 1.8% and 0.9% of yaws-like lesions were positive for H. ducreyi, HSV-1 and T. pallidum respectively, and 28.26% of syphilis-like lesions were positive for HSV-2. 16S rRNA gene sequencing showed that 6.3% of yaws-like lesions were Heamophilus-positive, two yaws-like and one syphilis-like lesions were positive for Treponema and 3.6% yaws-like lesions were positive for Mycobacterium spp. Other microorganisms, including Pseudomonas spp, Klebsiella spp, Escherichia spp, Staphylococcus spp and Proteous spp, were identified as part of the microbiota of both yaws-like and syphilis-like lesions. The alpha diversity measures indicated that syphilis-like lesions were more diverse than yaws-like lesions, but the beta diversity measures suggested no significant dissimilarity between the microbiota of these lesions. Both yaws and syphilis are prevalent in the same geographical location, Ashanti region of Ghana. The presence of other medically important organisms as part of the microbiota of these lesions may prevent their complete resolution and impede the associated elimination and eradication campaigns.
Room temperature on-wafer ballistic graphene field-effect-transistor with oblique double-gate
Creators: name: Dragoman, Mircea
name: Dinescu, Adrian
name: Dragoman, Daniela
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have fabricated and measured ballistic graphene transistors with two oblique gates that can be independently biased. The gate lengths are about 38 nm and are separated by a distance of 30 nm, the tilting angle being of 45o with respect to source and drain electrodes distanced at 190 nm. Electric measurements reveal specific properties of ballistic carrier transport, i.e. nonlinear drain voltage-drain current dependence, showing a saturation region, and negative differential resistance at certain bias voltages, which cannot be explained without physical mechanisms related to ballistic transport. Tens of ballistic transistors, with very large transconductances, were fabricated on a chip cut from a 4 inch graphene wafer. Such double-gate transistor configurations can be used also as extremely efficient, state-of-the-art photodetectors.
Towards 19.5 % Industrial Crystalline Silicon Solar Cells
Creators: name: Münzer, K.A.
name: Schöne, J.
name: Teppe, A.
name: Hein, M.
name: Schlosser, R.E.
name: Hanke, M.
name: Maier, J.
name: Yodyunyong, A.
name: Isenberg, J.
name: Frieß, T.
name: Ehling, C.
name: Varner, K.
name: Keller, S.
name: Fath, P.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2011
Subjects: Wafer-based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Silicon Solar Cell Improvements

description: 26th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 843-848
description: With the goal of 19.5 % solar cell efficiency the development of solar cells with rear side passivation and
local contacts in combination with laser diffused selective emitter was enforced to an optimization of the individual
processes and their best interaction. As a result, previous solar cell efficiencies of 19.2 % on 156 mm x156 mm Cz wafers
based on this technology could be increased to values over 19.5 %.
An optimization of the light confinement with regard to the front side texture and rear side polishing showed that very
smooth or polished rear surfaces revealed improved reflection and better dielectric passivation in combination with the local
BSF than rough or textured surfaces. By optimizing the rear side Al-LBSFR design a best practicable trade-off between high
fill factors versus short circuit current and open circuit voltage was found. An emitter profile engineering and the
investigation of a suitable passivation and antireflective coating, for example double or multi layer coating, helped to
increase the solar cell efficiency. Moreover, the reduced saturation currents of the passivated rear side became more obvious
by decreased saturation currents of blue responsive emitters and enabled higher open circuit voltages. Additionally, an
optimization of the front side metallization with finer gridlines could be implemented, although staying on the conventional
screen printing for the fine line metallization. All these technological improvements created solar cells with efficiencies well
above 19.5 %.
Up to 20% Efficient Solar Cells on Monocrystalline Silicon Wafers by Using a KOH - High Boiling Alcohol (HBA) Texturing Solution
Creators: name: Ximello Quiebras, N.
name: Junge, J.
name: Seren, S.
name: Hahn, G.
name: Epple, E.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2011
Subjects: Wafer-based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Silicon Solar Cell Improvements

description: 26th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 849-852
description: We have textured (100) p-type Czochralski (Cz) monocrystalline Silicon (Si) wafers by using an
aqueous solution of potassium hydroxide (KOH) and a High Boiling Alcohol (HBA). Cz-Si wafers textured with the
KOH-HBA solution were processed into solar cells via the standard industrial screen printing method and an
advanced industrial process (selective emitter process). Also, high quality float zone (FZ) Si material was textured
and processed into solar cells by using a lab-type cell process. Industrially processed cells achieve efficiencies of
17.6% and 18.2%, respectively. Lab-type processed cells (2x2 cm2) achieve an efficiency of up to 20%. In addition,
for the standard KOH-Isopropyl alcohol (IPA) etching solution a new etching bath setup has been developed. The
new bath setup allows the recuperation of IPA during the texturisation process, as well as vacuum processing steps
during the texturisation, which considerably reduces etching time.
Competing collinear magnetic structures in superconducting FeSe by first principles quantum Monte Carlo calculations
Creators: name: Busemeyer, Brian
name: Dagrada, Mario
name: Sorella, Sandro
name: Casula, Michele
name: Wagner, Lucas K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Resolving the interplay between magnetic interactions and structural properties in strongly correlated materials through a quantitatively accurate approach has been a major challenge in condensed matter physics. Here we apply highly accurate first principles quantum Monte Carlo (QMC) techniques to obtain structural and magnetic properties of the iron selenide (FeSe) superconductor under pressure. Where comparable, the computed properties are very close to the experimental values. Of potential ordered magnetic configurations, collinear spin configurations are the most energetically favorable over the explored pressure range. They become nearly degenerate in energy with bicollinear spin orderings at around 7 GPa, when the experimental critical temperature $T_c$ is the highest. On the other hand, ferromagnetic, checkerboard, and staggered dimer configurations become relatively higher in energy as the pressure increases. The behavior under pressure is explained by an accurate analysis of the charge compressibility and the orbital occupation as described by the QMC many-body wave function, which reveals how spin, charge and orbital degrees of freedom are strongly coupled in this compound. This remarkable pressure evolution suggests that stripe-like magnetic fluctuations may be responsible for the enhanced $T_c$ in FeSe and that higher T$_c$ is associated with nearness to a crossover between collinear and bicollinear ordering.
Refined Life-Cycle Assessment of Polymer Solar Cells
Creators: name: Lenzmann, F.
name: Kroon, J.
name: Andriessen, R.
name: Espinosa, N.
name: García-Valverde, R.
name: Krebs, F.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2011
Subjects: Components for PV Systems
Environmental Impacts, Recycling and Waste Management

description: 26th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 3835-3839
description: A refined life-cycle assessment of polymer solar cells is presented with a focus on critical components,
i.e. the transparent conductive ITO layer and the encapsulation components. This present analysis gives a
comprehensive sketch of the full environmental potential of polymer-OPV in comparison with other PV technologies.
It is shown that on a m2 basis the environmental characteristics of polymer-OPV are highly beneficial, while on a
watt-peak and on a kWh basis, these benefits are – at the current level of the development - still (over-)compensated
by low module efficiency and limited lifetime expectancy. The findings of this study underscore that, from an
environmental and sustainability point of view, the replacement of the ITO layer and the optimization of
encapsulation concepts should be in the spotlight of any near-term R&D efforts of the OPV community. Solutions to
both of these technological issues are actively pursued. Some of these are discussed as examples in this paper.
Entrevista a docentes del claustro de Inglés de la Facultad de Medicina "Enrique Cabre Cossío", La Habana
Creators: name: Hernández Vázquez, Yunet Tahimí
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Entrevista realizada a docentes del claustro de Inglés de la Facultad de Medicina “Enrique Cabre Cossío”, La Habana, para conocer los criterios y ahondar sobre las características de cómo los profesores abarcan el desarrollo de la competencia intercultural en inglés en sus clases.
title: HiN : Alexander von Humboldt im Netz
Creators: name: Knobloch, Eberhard
name: Päßler, Ulrich
name: García Cruz, Cándido Manuel
name: Krumpel, Sebastian
name: Männl, Ingrid
name: Pinsdorf, Christina
name: Schladebach, Marcus
Publisher: name: Universitätsverlag Potsdam
Year: 2020

description: -Eberhard Knobloch, Ulrich Päßler: Ein unbekannter Brief Alexander von Humboldts an Friedrich August Wolf (1817) -Cándido Manuel García Cruz: Alexander von Humboldt y los fósiles inorgánicos de las islas canarias -Sebastian Krumpel: Zur quantitativen Auswertung der intertextuellen Bezüge Humboldts in seinem Essai politique sur le royaume de la Nouvelle-Espagne -Ingrid Männl: „… durch die Bereisung der dargestellten Gegenden der Wissenschaft und ihrer Nation ein so schönes Denkmal gesetzt …“. Zu Friedrich Georg Weitschs Gemälde, das Alexander von Humboldt und Aimé Bonpland vor dem Chimborazo zeigt -Christina Pinsdorf: Romantischer Empirismus im Anthropozän. A. v. Humboldts und F. W. J. Schellings Ideen für die Environmental Humanities -Marcus Schladebach: Alexander von Humboldt als Völkerrechtler
description: HiN : Alexander von Humboldt im Netz ; International Review for Humboldtian Studies, 40
High Efficiency n-Type Metal Wrap through Si Solar Cells for Low-Cost Industrial Production
Creators: name: Guillevin, N.
name: Geerligs, L.J.
name: Naber, R.C.G.
name: Eerenstein, W.
name: Weeber, A.W.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2010
Subjects: Wafer-Based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Mono- and Multicrystalline Silicon Materials and Cells

description: 25th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition / 5th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion, 6-10 September 2010, Valencia, Spain; 1429-1431
description: A high-efficiency industrial cell process for n-type wafers using the conventional H-pattern front
contact grid has recently become available. Based on simple industrial process steps, production of low-cost n-type
cells has become a real possibility. In order to further reduce processing costs and increase module efficiencies, we
have combined the strength of the n-type doped crystalline silicon with ECN's metallisation-wrap-through (MWT)
solar cell concept, on n-type silicon wafers. As in p-type MWT (PUM) cells, the processing modifications from Hpattern
to MWT are very limited. These cells were manufactured using a process similar to the industrial processes
used for n-type H-pattern cells, extended with via-hole drilling. We have measured unconfirmed peak efficiencies of
18.7% on 156mm semi-square CZ n-type wafers (238 cm²). We have observed part of the expected current increase
compared to the H-pattern grid. The fill factor needs to be further improved to realize the expected significantly
higher efficiencies than for front contact cells.
Finite Element Analysis of a High Frequency Inductor for a Galvanically Isolated PV Inverter
Creators: name: Alabakhshizadeh, A.
name: Midtgård, O.-M.
name: Myhre, R.
name: Boysen, K.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2011
Subjects: Components for PV Systems
Balance of System Components

description: 26th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 3694-3696
description: An existing high frequency inductor used by a commercial developer of PV inverters has been
analyzed by the use of electromagnetic finite element models. A commercial software package has been applied for
the simulations. The total core loss including both eddy current and hysteresis losses is calculated by the use of the
models. Hot-spot areas in the high frequency inductor are identified. Fringing fields are discussed.
Critical exponents for the cloud-crystal phase transition of charged particles in a Paul Trap
Creators: name: Weiss, D. K.
name: Nam, Y. S.
name: Blümel, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Atomic and Molecular Clusters (physics.atm-clus)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is well known that charged particles stored in a Paul trap, one of the most versatile tools in atomic and molecular physics, may undergo a phase transition from a disordered cloud state to a geometrically well-ordered crystalline state (the Wigner crystal). In this paper we show that the average lifetime $\barτ_m$ of the metastable cloud state preceding the cloud $\rightarrow$ crystal phase transition follows a powerlaw, $\barτ_m \sim (γ-γ_c)^{-β}$, $γ>γ_c$, where $γ_c$ is the critical value of the damping constant $γ$ at which the cloud $\rightarrow$ crystal phase transition occurs. The critical exponent $β$ depends on the trap control parameter $q$, but is independent of the number of particles $N$ stored in the trap and the trap control parameter $a$, which determines the shape (oblate, prolate, or spherical) of the cloud. For $q=0.15,0.20$, and $0.25$, we find $β=1.20\pm 0.03$, $β=1.61\pm 0.09$, and $β=2.38\pm 0.12$, respectively. In addition we find that for given $a$ and $q$, the critical value $γ_c$ of the damping scales approximately like $γ_c=C \ln [ \ln (N)] + D$ as a function of $N$, where $C$ and $D$ are constants. Beyond their relevance for Wigner crystallization of nonneutral plasmas in Paul traps and mini storage rings, we conjecture that our results are also of relevance for the field of crystalline beams.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures
Parametric Extraction Methodology for a-Si/uc-Si Tandem Junction Thin Film Solar Modules
Creators: name: Wang, D.
name: Frei, M.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2009
Subjects: Thin Films Solar Cells
Amorphous and Microcrystalline Silicon Solar Cells

description: 24th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference, 21-25 September 2009, Hamburg, Germany; 2867-2871
description: We present a step-by-step procedure to obtain the complete set of parameters for the equivalent circuit
model which describes single and tandem junction solar modules, including both top cell (a-Si) and bottom cell (uc-
Si) components. The parameters are based on an analytical model and are extracted from a consistent set of
measurements. The extracted device model can be used to understand the device performance and guide the device
design.
Firing Stable Al2O3/Sinx Layer Stack Passivation for the Front Side Boron Emitter of n-Type Silicon Solar Cells
Creators: name: Richter, A.
name: Henneck, S.
name: Benick, J.
name: Hörteis, M.
name: Hermle, M.
name: Glunz, S.W.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2010
Subjects: Wafer-Based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Mono- and Multicrystalline Silicon Materials and Cells

description: 25th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition / 5th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion, 6-10 September 2010, Valencia, Spain; 1453-1459
description: To apply an Al2O3/SiNx front side boron emitter passivation in combination with a fired contact
formation on n-type silicon solar cells, both the electrical and the optical firing stability of this stack is indispensable.
Thus, in this work we studied the stability of Al2O3/SiNx layer stacks for the passivation of boron emitters
as a function of Al2O3 deposition parameters, as well as the thickness of the Al2O3 layers and the firing peak temperature,
for atomic layer deposited Al2O3. The observed stability behavior was correlated with microscopic and
structural observations, such as SEM images and FTIR measurements. Based on the results, p+nn+ solar cells
were fabricated on 1 Ωcm FZ silicon with printed, fired and plated front contacts and a non-passivated, fully
metalized phosphorous-doped back surface field. Confirmed conversion efficiencies up to 20.8% on small-area
cells (4 cm2) and up to 19.6% on large-area cells (140.5 cm2) have been achieved. This demonstrates the potential
of Al2O3/SiNx passivated front side boron emitters for n-type silicon solar cells with a high-temperature contact
formation.
The Effects of Silyl, Hydrogen, Ion Energy and Silyl Diffusion Length on Silicon Films Growth by VHF-PECVD with High Growth Rate
Creators: name: Lu, J.
name: Wen, S.
name: Guo, X.
name: Shen, C.
name: Chen, Y.
name: Yang, S.
name: Gao, X.
name: Gu, J.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2009
Subjects: Thin Films Solar Cells
Amorphous and Microcrystalline Silicon Solar Cells

description: 24th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference, 21-25 September 2009, Hamburg, Germany; 2876-2878
description: The deposition parameters of microcrystalline thin films by RF-PECVD and VHF-PECVD are
systematically studied. Under similar conditions, the deposition rate of μc-Si:H thin films is higher by VHF-PECVD
than by RF-PECVD. With deposition rate successively enhanced by VHF-PECVD, μc-Si:H solar cell efficiency is
also improved. Generally, when deposition rate increases, dangling bonds related defects also increase, which is
detrimental to solar cell performance. In order to increase deposition rate while at the same time keep defects low,
the deposition parameters are thoroughly investigated. Under high growth conditions, μc-Si:H solar cells were also
fabricated and an initial efficiency of 5.5% was achieved.
Optical Simulation of Arbitrary Thin Film Solar Cells with Rough Interfaces
Creators: name: Lanz, T.
name: Perucco, B.
name: Rezzonico, D.
name: Müller, F.
name: Reinke, N.A.
name: Häusermann, R.
name: Ruhstaller, B.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2009
Subjects: Thin Films Solar Cells
Amorphous and Microcrystalline Silicon Solar Cells

description: 24th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference, 21-25 September 2009, Hamburg, Germany; 2893-2894
description: In thin-film solar cells optical scattering eects at rough layer interfaces are exploited to enhance the light
absorption and make it possible to construct thin cells with inorganic materials such as a-Si or c-Si [5]. SETFOS [2] is
an optical and electrical device simulator, that is widely used in the OLED and OPV community. To perform an optical
simulation of an arbitrary combination of inorganic or organic layers of any thickness, it is necessary to be able to treat
light propagation both as coherent or incoherent. We have therefore extended the optical model of SETFOS for the
treatment of mixed systems of incoherent/coherent layers. We have broadened the scope of the simulator by including
scattering eects at rough layer interfaces.
Room temperature nanostructured graphene transistors with high on-off ratio
Creators: name: Dragoman, Mircea
name: Dinescu, Adrian
name: Dragoman, Daniela
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the batch fabrication of graphene field-effect-transistors (GFETs) with nanoperforated graphene as channel. The transistors were cut and encapsulated. The encapsulated GFETs display saturation regions that can be tuned by modifying the top gate voltage, and have on/off ratios of up to 10^8 at room temperature. In addition, the nanoperforated GFETs display orders of magnitude higher photoresponses than any room-temperature graphene detector configurations that do not involve heterostructures with bandgap materials.
Kantonale Steuerstatistik 1934
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: Zentralbibliothek Zürich
Year: 1939
Subjects: subject: 314 Allgemeine Statistiken zu Europa
subject: 336 Öffentliche Finanzen
subject: Kanton Zürich
subject: Amtliche Statistik
subject: Gemeindefinanzwirtschaft
subject: Steuerstatistik

description: Inhalt: Allgemeines (Grundzüge des Zürcher Steuergesetzes ; Bearbeitung der Steuerstatistik ; Natürliche und juristische Personen) ; Die natürlichen Personen nach Grösse des Einkommens und des Vermögens ; Die natürlichen Personen nach Dauer der Steuerpflicht und Höhe der Staatssteuer ; Auswärtige Steuerpflichtige, unverteilte Nachlässe ; Die natürlichen Personen nach Gemeinden ; Juristische Personen (Besonderheiten der Besteuerung ; Ergebnisse) ; Tabellen.
Supplementary Material from The evolution of masturbation is associated with postcopulatory selection and pathogen avoidance in primates
Creators: name: Brindle, Matilda
name: Ferguson-Gow, Henry
name: Williamson, Joseph
name: Thomsen, Ruth
name: Sommer, Volker
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 60801 Animal Behaviour

description: Masturbation occurs throughout the animal kingdom. At first glance, however, the fitness benefits of this self-directed behaviour are unclear. Regardless, several drivers have been proposed. Non-functional hypotheses posit that masturbation is either a pathology, or a byproduct of high underlying sexual arousal, whereas functional hypotheses argue an adaptive benefit. The Postcopulatory Selection Hypothesis states that masturbation aids the chances of fertilization, while the Pathogen Avoidance Hypothesis states that masturbation helps reduce host infection by flushing pathogens from the genital tract. Here we present comprehensive new data documenting masturbation across the primate order and use these, in conjunction with phylogenetic comparative methods, to reconstruct the evolutionary pathways and correlates of masturbation. We find that masturbation is an ancient trait within the primate order, becoming a more common aspect of the haplorrhine behavioural repertoire after the split from tarsiers. Our analyses provide support for both the Postcopulatory Selection and Pathogen Avoidance Hypotheses in male primates, suggesting that masturbation may be an adaptive trait, functioning at a macroevolutionary scale.
Transition from direct to sequential two-proton decay in $s$-$d$ shell nuclei
Creators: name: Golubkova, T. A.
name: Xu, X.
name: Grigorenko, L. V.
name: Mukha, I. G.
name: Scheidenberger, C.
name: Zhukov, M. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Transitions among different mechanisms of two-proton decay are studied in general. The introduced improved direct-decay model generalizes the semi-analytical models used before and provides flawless phenomenological description of three-body correlations in $2p$ decays. This is demonstrated by examples of the low-lying $^{16}$Ne state decays. Different forms of transition dynamic are shown to be highly probable beyond the proton dripline for the $s$-$d$ shell nuclei. It is demonstrated that transition dynamic of $2p$ emitters can provide means for extraction of a width of the ground-state resonance of a core+$p$ subsystem of the core+$2p$ system. Practical applicability of the method is demonstrated by properties of the $^{14}$F ground state derived from the $^{15}\mbox{Ne}\rightarrow ^{\,13\!\!}\mbox{O}+2p$ decay data and of the $^{29}$Cl ground state derived from the $^{30}\mbox{Ar}\rightarrow ^{\,28\!\!}\mbox{S}+2p$ decay data.
description: 8 pages, 10 figures
Single Quantum Level Electron Turnstile
Creators: name: van Zanten, D. M. T.
name: Basko, D. M.
name: Khaymovich, I. M.
name: Pekola, J. P.
name: Courtois, H.
name: Winkelmann, C. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on the realization of a single-electron source, where current is transported through a single-level quantum dot (Q), tunnel-coupled to two superconducting leads (S). When driven with an ac gate voltage, the experiment demonstrates electron turnstile operation. Compared to the more conventional superconductor - normal metal - superconductor turnstile, our SQS device presents a number of novel properties, including higher immunity to the unavoidable presence of non-equilibrium quasiparticles in superconducting leads. In addition, we demonstrate its ability to deliver electrons with a very narrow energy distribution.
Health Care in Rural America: Use, Affordability, and Access
Creators: name: AARP
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2023

description: Health status (3); health conditions (15); access to health and dental care (32); primary reasons for health or dental care visits (12); access to homecare resources (7); health and dental care cost (7); healthcare quality (16); telehealth (27); internet access and use (25).
Pegea confoederata Van Soest 1974
Creators: name: Karunarathne, Krishan D.
name: Croos, M. D. S. T. De
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Thaliacea
Salpida
Salpidae
Pegea
Pegea confoederata

description: Pegea confoederata (Forskål, 1775)
Salpa confoederata Forskål 1775: 115.
Salpa octofora Cuvier 1804: 579, Fig. 7.
Salpa scutigera Cuvier 1804: 577, Figs. 4, 5.
Salpa quadrata Herdman 1888: 84, Pl. 9 Figs. 1 –8.
Salpa dolium Quoy & Gaimard 1834: 575, Pl. 90 Figs. 1 –8.
Pegea confoederata: Tokioka 1960: 396. Van Soest 1974a: 171, Fig. 15a; 1998: 235, Table 14.1. Madin & Harbison 1978: 338, Fig. 3C, F. Godeaux 1998: 288, 290, Figs. 17.16d, 17.20a. Gershwin et al. 2014: 16. Kim et al. 2017: 455, Fig. 1C. Purushothaman et al. 2017. Ishak et al. 2018: 473, Table 1.
Material examined. Nineteen aggregate zooids (MDAFWU 2017 /479–496, 524), St.62, October to December 2017., 1 embryo and 5 aggregate zooids (MDAFWU 2017 /473–478), St.81, July and September 2017., 1 aggregate zooid (MDAFWU 2017 /472), St.133, June 2017., 8 solitary zooids and 19 aggregate zooids (MDAFWU 2017 /497– 523), St.170, November 2017., 2 embryos and 13 aggregate zooids (MDAFWU 2019 /120–134), St.205, December 2019 (Fig. 3A–D).
Description. Solitary zooid: Transparent body 18–60 mm long, with the pear-shaped test, smaller posteriorly (Fig. 3D). Both anterior and posterior terminal regions are thinner than the stomach region. Anterior muscle pair (M I–II) slightly touch forming a cross; posterior pair (M III–IV) do not touch each other; 18–32 muscle fibres per single band. The nucleus (stomach + intestine) is flatly encircled by the developing stolon.
Aggregate zooid: Transparent body 19–55 mm long, with a cylindrical-shaped, thick, smooth test (Fig. 3A, C). The posterior terminal region is very thick, extended around the nucleus; no posterior projections or protuberances. Both muscle-band pairs (M I–II and M III–IV) are short because they are interrupted before reaching the mid-lateral region, and are linking (anterior pair slightly touching and posterior pair fused) in the mid-dorsally forming two crosses; 6–20 muscle fibres per single band. Nucleus (stomach + intestine) is spherical. Embryo 5–19 mm in length (Fig. 3B).
Global distribution. The Atlantic Ocean, Indian Ocean, Pacific Ocean, Australian waters, the Mediterranean Sea and Red Sea (Van Soest 1998). Type locality: Eastern Mediterranean.
description: Published as part of Karunarathne, Krishan D. & Croos, M. D. S. T. De, 2021, Pelagic tunicates (Appendicularia and Thaliacea) of Sri Lanka: two first records with an annotated checklist, pp. 352-376 in Zootaxa 5067 (3) on page 360, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5067.3.2, http://zenodo.org/record/5681899
Sistema de actividades para desarrollar la competencia intercultural en los estudiantes de Medicina de la Facultad de Medicina "Enrique Cabrera Cossío"
Creators: name: Hernández Vázquez, Yunet Tahimí
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Sistema de actividades propuesto para desarrollar la competencia intercultural en los estudiantes de Medicina de la Facultad de Medicina "Enrique Cabrera Cossío"
title: How reliable is the electrochemical readout of MIP-sensors?
Creators: name: Yarman, Aysu
name: Scheller, Frieder W.
Publisher: name: Universität Potsdam
Year: 2020

description: Electrochemical methods offer the simple characterization of the synthesis of molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) and the readouts of target binding. The binding of electroinactive analytes can be detected indirectly by their modulating effect on the diffusional permeability of a redox marker through thin MIP films. However, this process generates an overall signal, which may include nonspecific interactions with the nonimprinted surface and adsorption at the electrode surface in addition to (specific) binding to the cavities. Redox-active low-molecular-weight targets and metalloproteins enable a more specific direct quantification of their binding to MIPs by measuring the faradaic current. The in situ characterization of enzymes, MIP-based mimics of redox enzymes or enzyme-labeled targets, is based on the indication of an electroactive product. This approach allows the determination of both the activity of the bio(mimetic) catalyst and of the substrate concentration.
description: Postprints der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe, 960
Family of intersecting totally real manifolds of $(C^n ,0)$ and germs of holomorphic diffeomorphisms
Creators: name: Stolovitch, Laurent
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We prove the existence (and give a characterization) of a germ of complex analytic set left invariant by an abelian group of germs of holomorphic diffeomorphisms at a common fixed point.We also give condition that ensure that such a group can be linearized holomorphically near the fixed point. It rests on a "small divisors condition" of the family of linear parts. The second part of this article is devoted to the study families of totally real intersecting n-submanifolds of (C n , 0). We give some conditions which allow to straighten holomorphically the family. If this is not possible to do it formally, we construct a germ of complex analytic set at the origin which interesection with the family can be holomorphically straightened. The second part is an application of the first.
description: This publication corresponds to the two first parts of arXiv:math/0506052
Notch fracture toughness of glasses: Rate, age and geometry dependence
Creators: name: Vasoya, Manish
name: Rycroft, Chris H.
name: Bouchbinder, Eran
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Understanding the fracture toughness (resistance) of glasses is a fundamental problem of prime theoretical and practical importance. Here we theoretically study its dependence on the loading rate, the age (history) of the glass and the notch radius $ρ$. Reduced-dimensionality analysis suggests that the notch fracture toughness results from a competition between the initial, age- and history-dependent, plastic relaxation timescale $τ^{pl}_0$ and an effective loading timescale $τ^{ext}(\dot{K}_I,ρ)$, where $\dot{K}_I$ is the tensile stress-intensity-factor rate. The toughness is predicted to scale with $\sqrtρ$ independently of $ξ\!\equiv\!τ^{ext}\!/τ^{pl}_0$ for $ξ\!\ll\! 1$, to scale as $T\sqrtρ\,\log(ξ)$ for $ξ\!\gg\!1$ (related to thermal activation, where $T$ is the temperature) and to feature a non-monotonic behavior in the crossover region $ξ\!\sim\!{\cal O}(1)$ (related to plastic yielding dynamics). These predictions are verified using novel 2D computations, providing a unified picture of the notch fracture toughness of glasses. The theory highlights the importance of timescales competition and far from steady-state elasto-viscoplastic dynamics for understanding the toughness, and shows that the latter varies quite significantly with the glass age (history) and applied loading rate. Experimental support for bulk metallic glasses is presented.
description: 9 pages, 6 figures
Long-Term Sequential Testing for Photovoltaic Modules
Creators: name: Johnson, L.
name: Ha, J.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2011
Subjects: Components for PV Systems
PV Modules

description: 26th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 3084-3087
description: As the total amount of crystalline photovoltaic (PV) modules increase in the field, a more accurate
approximation of long-term reliability for power output is needed. The amount of maximum power (Pmax) degradation
is currently approximated and it is of interest for manufacturers to determine their modules’ estimated energy output
over their intended use. The manufacturer can then state their modules long-term performance in the field. This
becomes very important for energy yield estimations and bankability comparisons. A stated Pmax degradation path
from accelerated testing can be produced with a new type of accelerated test sequence outlined in this study. This new
accelerated test method is proposed to simultaneously evaluate multiple stresses on two identical PV modules that are
submitted to multiple stresses sequentially. A brief background and explanation are outlined in this study. One
manufacturer (Kyocera Corporation) submitted their 210W module to the test sequence and the measured Pmax output
has been evaluated to be within pre-defined and accepted limits. Continued development of these new test sequences
is ongoing with a comparison of the outdoor exposure and indoor accelerated methods.
Supplementary Material from The evolution of masturbation is associated with postcopulatory selection and pathogen avoidance in primates
Creators: name: Brindle, Matilda
name: Ferguson-Gow, Henry
name: Williamson, Joseph
name: Thomsen, Ruth
name: Cowlishaw, Guy
name: Sommer, Volker
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 60801 Animal Behaviour

description: Masturbation occurs throughout the animal kingdom. At first glance, however, the fitness benefits of this self-directed behaviour are unclear. Regardless, several drivers have been proposed. Non-functional hypotheses posit that masturbation is either a pathology, or a byproduct of high underlying sexual arousal, whereas functional hypotheses argue an adaptive benefit. The Postcopulatory Selection Hypothesis states that masturbation aids the chances of fertilization, while the Pathogen Avoidance Hypothesis states that masturbation helps reduce host infection by flushing pathogens from the genital tract. Here we present comprehensive new data documenting masturbation across the primate order and use these, in conjunction with phylogenetic comparative methods, to reconstruct the evolutionary pathways and correlates of masturbation. We find that masturbation is an ancient trait within the primate order, becoming a more common aspect of the haplorrhine behavioural repertoire after the split from tarsiers. Our analyses provide support for both the Postcopulatory Selection and Pathogen Avoidance Hypotheses in male primates, suggesting that masturbation may be an adaptive trait, functioning at a macroevolutionary scale.
CIBA: continuous interruption-free brain authentication
Creators: name: Gondesen, Florian
Publisher: name: TUHH Universitätsbibliothek
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biometrics
subject: Electroencephalography
subject: Authentication
subject: Visual
classificationCode: 600
subject: Technik

description: In heutigen EEG basierten Authentisierungssystemen benötigt das Aufzeichnen der Daten mehrere Minuten. Während dieser Zeit muss der Benutzer üblicherweise eine bestimmte Aufgabe ausführen, z.B. sich auf einen Stimulus zu konzentrieren. Wir schlagen Authentisierungssysteme basierend auf den wohlbekannten Gehirnantworten SSVEP und ERP vor und testen diese mit einem für Endkunden entwickelten EEG Headset. Auf Basis dieser EEG Potenziale konzeptualisieren wir ein System zur kontinuierlichen Authentisierung, das unterschwellige Stimuli benutzt und so den Nutzern erlaubt reguläre Bildschirmarbeit zu erledigen, während sie kontinuierlich authentisiert werden.
description: In contemporary EEG-based authentication schemes, data acquisition takes several minutes. During this time, the user typically needs to perform a certain task, e.g., focusing on a stimulus. We propose authentication schemes based on the well known brain responses SSVEP and ERP, and test the schemes using a consumer grade EEG headset. We conceptualize a continuous authentication scheme based on these brain responses using subliminal stimuli which would allow the users to focus on their regular work at a PC screen while being continuously authenticated.