cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Experimental Analysis of PandaX-4T Cryogenic Distillation System for Removing Krypton from Xenon
Creators: name: Yan, Rui
name: Wang, Zhou
name: Cui, Xiangyi
name: Ju, Yonglin
name: Sha, Haidong
name: Li, Shuaijie
name: Huang, Peiyao
name: Wang, Xiuli
name: Ma, Wenbo
name: Fan, Yingjie
name: Ji, Xiangdong
name: Zhou, Jifang
name: Shang, Changsong
name: Liu, Liqiang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An efficient cryogenic distillation system was designed and constructed for PandaX-4T dark matter detector based on the McCabe-Thiele (M-T) method and the conservation of mass and energy. This distillation system is designed to reduce the concentration of krypton in commercial xenon from 5X$10^{-7}$ mol/mol to $10^{-14}$ mol/mol with 99% xenon collection efficiency at a maximum flow rate of 10 kg/h. The offline distillation operation has been completed and 5.75 tons of ultra-high purity xenon was produced, which is used as the detection medium in PandaX-4T detector. The krypton concentration of the product xenon is measured with an upper limit of 8.0 ppt. The stability and purification performance of the cryogenic distillation system are studied by analyzing the experimental data, which is important for theoretical research and distillation operation optimization.
Design and implementation of a real-time onboard system for a stratospheric balloon mission using commercial off-the-self components and a model-based approach
Creators: name: Perez-Munoz, Angel-Grover
name: Gamazo-Real, Jose-Carlos
name: Gonzalez-Barcena, David
name: Zamorano, Juan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Hardware Architecture (cs.AR)
subject: Operating Systems (cs.OS)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Stratospheric balloons have emerged as an affordable and flexible alternative to traditional spacecrafts as they are implemented using commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) equipment without following strict methodologies. HERCCULES is a stratospheric balloon mission that aims to characterize the convective heat and radiative environment in the stratosphere. The purpose of this article is to present the HERCCULES onboard software (OBSW) whose design and complexity is comparable to that of satellite systems, since it must control about sixty COTS equipment using a single Raspberry Pi 4B as onboard computer and ensure the real-time requirements. Compared to similar systems, novel contributions are presented as the OBSW is developed following modelbased and component-based approaches using the TASTE toolchain from the European Space Agency (ESA) for automatic code generation. Besides, the OBSW is verified and validated following the ESA standards and the results obtained demonstrate the suitability and efficiency of the solution and the selected methodologies.
Mechanical rejuvenation and over-aging in the soft glassy rheology model
Creators: name: Warren, Mya
name: Rottler, Joerg
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Mechanical rejuvenation and over-aging of glasses is investigated through stochastic simulations of the soft glassy rheology (SGR) model. Strain- and stress-controlled deformation cycles for a wide range of loading conditions are analyzed and compared to molecular dynamics simulations of a model polymer glass. Results indicate that deformation causes predominantly rejuvenation, whereas over-aging occurs only at very low temperature, small strains, and for high initial energy states. Although the creep compliance in the SGR model exhibits full aging independent of applied load, large stresses in the nonlinear creep regime cause configurational changes leading to rejuvenation of the relaxation time spectrum probed after a stress cycle. During recovery, however, the rejuvenated state rapidly returns to the original aging trajectory due to collective relaxations of the internal strain.
description: 8 pages, 9 figures
Athena: A New Code for Astrophysical MHD
Creators: name: Stone, James M.
name: Gardiner, Thomas A.
name: Teuben, Peter
name: Hawley, John F.
name: Simon, Jacob B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A new code for astrophysical magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) is described. The code has been designed to be easily extensible for use with static and adaptive mesh refinement. It combines higher-order Godunov methods with the constrained transport (CT) technique to enforce the divergence-free constraint on the magnetic field. Discretization is based on cell-centered volume-averages for mass, momentum, and energy, and face-centered area-averages for the magnetic field. Novel features of the algorithm include (1) a consistent framework for computing the time- and edge-averaged electric fields used by CT to evolve the magnetic field from the time- and area-averaged Godunov fluxes, (2) the extension to MHD of spatial reconstruction schemes that involve a dimensionally-split time advance, and (3) the extension to MHD of two different dimensionally-unsplit integration methods. Implementation of the algorithm in both C and Fortran95 is detailed, including strategies for parallelization using domain decomposition. Results from a test suite which includes problems in one-, two-, and three-dimensions for both hydrodynamics and MHD are given, not only to demonstrate the fidelity of the algorithms, but also to enable comparisons to other methods. The source code is freely available for download on the web.
description: 61 pages, 36 figures. accepted by ApJS
Unpolarized gluon distribution in the nucleon from lattice quantum chromodynamics
Creators: name: Khan, Tanjib
name: Sufian, Raza Sabbir
name: Karpie, Joseph
name: Monahan, Christopher J.
name: Egerer, Colin
name: Joó, Bálint
name: Morris, Wayne
name: Orginos, Kostas
name: Radyushkin, Anatoly
name: Richards, David G.
name: Romero, Eloy
name: Zafeiropoulos, Savvas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this study, we present a determination of the unpolarized gluon Ioffe-time distribution in the nucleon from a first principles lattice quantum chromodynamics calculation. We carry out the lattice calculation on a $32^3\times 64$ ensemble with a pion mass of $358$ MeV and lattice spacing of $0.094$ fm. We construct the nucleon interpolating fields using the distillation technique, flow the gauge fields using the gradient flow, and solve the summed generalized eigenvalue problem to determine the glounic matrix elements. Combining these techniques allows us to provide a statistically well-controlled Ioffe-time distribution and unpolarized gluon PDF. We obtain the flow time independent reduced Ioffe-time pseudo-distribution, and calculate the light-cone Ioffe-time distribution and unpolarized gluon distribution function in the $\overline{\rm MS}$ scheme at $μ= 2$ GeV, neglecting the mixing of the gluon operator with the quark singlet sector. Finally, we compare our results to phenomenological determinations.
description: 23 pages, 12 figures, Phys Rev D accepted version
OEMC project use case: Meteo support tool for wildfire risk
Creators: name: GILAB DOO Beograd
Publisher: name: GEO Knowledge Hub
Year: 2025
Subjects: Wildfires
meteorological data

description: High resolution (1 km) daily climate element (max., min., mean temperature, sea level pressure, total precipitation) maps. This data set is valuable for wildfire risk identification modeling.
Stakeholder needs: 

To provide daily min, max, mean temperature, precipitation, sea level pressure at 1 km spatial resolution to serve as an input to ML/AI models
To cover the 1990-present period
To cover Europe or to have global spatial coverage if possible
Planned implementation: High resolution historical meteorological data can be used to estimate the wildfires risk and predict future events
Implementation steps include: 

Create a daily gridded meteorological dataset for the entire World with a spatial resolution of 1 km, covering the period from 1961 to 2020. The dataset includes five daily variables: maximum, minimum, and mean temperature, mean sea level pressure, and total precipitation. Spatio-temporal regression Kriging is used for interpolation.
Develop https://dailymeteo.com/ web portal to provide access to the data
Develop MeteoAI chatbot to interact with the meteorological data
Visit the use-case page on the OEMC website to learn more: https://earthmonitor.org/use-cases/meteo-support-tool-for-wildfire-risk/
Jürgen Hoffmann, Vita Adalberti. Früheste Textüberlieferungen der Lebensgeschichte Adalberts von Prag
Creators: name: Strzelczyk, Jerzy
Publisher: name: Zeitschrift für Ostmitteleuropa-Forschung
Year: 2006

description: Zeitschrift für Ostmitteleuropa-Forschung, Bd. 55 Nr. 1 (2006)
Self-Stabilizing Wavelets and r-Hops Coordination
Creators: name: Boulinier, Christian
name: Petit, Franck
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We introduce a simple tool called the wavelet (or, r-wavelet) scheme. Wavelets deals with coordination among processes which are at most r hops away of each other. We present a selfstabilizing solution for this scheme. Our solution requires no underlying structure and works in arbritrary anonymous networks, i.e., no process identifier is required. Moreover, our solution works under any (even unfair) daemon. Next, we use the wavelet scheme to design self-stabilizing layer clocks. We show that they provide an efficient device in the design of local coordination problems at distance r, i.e., r-barrier synchronization and r-local resource allocation (LRA) such as r-local mutual exclusion (LME), r-group mutual exclusion (GME), and r-Reader/Writers. Some solutions to the r-LRA problem (e.g., r-LME) also provide transformers to transform algorithms written assuming any r-central daemon into algorithms working with any distributed daemon.
Crystals of gauged solitons, force free plasma and resurgence
Creators: name: Barriga, Gonzalo
name: Canfora, Fabrizio
name: Torres, Matías
name: Vera, Aldo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that the (3+1)-dimensional gauged non-linear sigma model minimally coupled to a U(1) gauge field possesses analytic solutions representing gauged solitons at finite Baryon density whose electromagnetic field is a Force Free Plasma. These gauged solitons manifest a crystalline structure and generate in a very natural way persistent currents able to support Force Free Plasma electromagnetic fields. The trajectories of charged test particles moving within these configurations can be characterized. Quite surprisingly, despite the non-integrable nature of the theory, some of the perturbations of these gauged solitons allow to identify a proper resurgent parameter. In particular, the perturbations of the solitons profile are related to the Lamé operator. On the other hand, the electromagnetic perturbations on the configurations satisfy a two-dimensional effective Schrodinger equation, where the soliton background interacts with the electromagnetic perturbations through an effective two-dimensional periodic potential. We studied numerically the band energy spectrum for different values of the free parameters of the theory and we found that bands-gaps are modulated by the potential strength. Finally we compare our crystal solutions with those of the (1+1)- dimesional Gross-Neveu model.
description: New references added. 27 pages, 14 figures, version accepted for publication on PRD
A spatially shifted beam approach to subwavelength focusing
Creators: name: Markley, Loic
name: Wong, Alex M. H.
name: Wang, Yan
name: Eleftheriades, George V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Although negative-refractive-index metamaterials have successfully achieved subwavelength focusing, image resolution is limited by the presence of losses. In this Letter, a metal transmission screen with subwavelength spaced slots is proposed that focuses the near-field beyond the diffraction limit and furthermore, is easily scaled from microwave frequencies to the optical regime. An analytical model based on the superposition of shifted beam patterns is developed that agrees very well with full-wave simulations and is corroborated by experimental results at microwave frequencies.
description: 5 pages, 7 figures. Content updated following reviewer comments to match final published paper
SKILLS DEVELOPMENT - Toxicology MSDT
Creators: name: Benthem, Pia
Publisher: name: QUBES Educational Resources
Year: 2021

description: On this website you can find 6 learning modules on various topics in toxicology. These are self-paced student-centered online learning modules. You will receive a certificate of completion at the successful completion of each course. SKILLS DEVELOPMENT Mentors Mentees TEAM ...
NLO QCD corrections to the production of t-tbar-Z in gluon fusion
Creators: name: Lazopoulos, Achilleas
name: Melnikov, Kirill
name: Petriello, Frank
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compute the O(alpha_s) QCD corrections to the partonic process gg -> t-tbar-Z at the LHC. This partonic channel is the dominant component of the scattering process pp -> t-tbar-Z, which will be important for measuring the t-tbar-Z electroweak couplings. The O(alpha_s) corrections increase the total cross section by up to 75% for reasonable choices of the renormalization and factorization scales. Inclusion of these contributions descreases the residual scale dependence of the cross section coming from uncalculated higher order terms to +-5%.
description: 9 pages, 4 figures
Effect of Metal Element in Catalytic Growth of Carbon Nanotubes
Creators: name: Yazyev, Oleg V.
name: Pasquarello, Alfredo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using first principles calculations, we model the chemical vapor deposition (CVD) growth of carbon nanotubes (CNT) on nanoparticles of late transition (Ni, Pd, Pt) and coinage (Cu, Ag, Au) metals. The process is analyzed in terms of the binding of mono- and diatomic carbon species, their diffusion pathways, and the stability of the growing CNT. We find that the diffusion pathways can be controlled by the choice of the catalyst and the carbon precursor. Binding of the CNT through armchair edges is more favorable than through zigzag ones, but the relative stability varies significantly among the metals. Coinage metals, in particular Cu, are found to favor CVD growth of CNTs at low temperatures and with narrow chirality distributions.
description: Phys. Rev. Lett., accepted
Heavy-Quarkonia in the Star Experiment
Creators: name: Cosentino, Mauro R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Heavy Quarkonium states modifications in relativistic heavy ion collisions have been of great interest since the proposal by Matsui and Satz of J/psi suppression as a signature of Quark-Gluon Plasma (QGP) formation. Recent studies suggest that the excited states chi_c, psi(2S) and Upsilon(3S) melt sequentially[1,2] and the amount of observed suppression depends on the state and medium conditions. Therefore, this suppression pattern may be used as a probe of the medium temperature. In this work we present preliminary results on the charmonium and bottomnium measurements performed by the STAR experiment at RHIC for p+p and Cu+Cu collisions at sqrt(s_{NN})=200GeV
description: Proceedings of X Hadron Physics, submitted to Int. Journal of Mod. Phys. E
Chaotic Dynamics of Spin-Valve Oscillators
Creators: name: Yang, Z.
name: Zhang, S.
name: Li, Y. Charles
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent experimental and theoretical studies on the magnetization dynamics driven by an electric current have uncovered a number of unprecedented rich dynamic phenomena. We predict an intrinsic chaotic dynamics that has not been previously anticipated. We explicitly show that the transition to chaotic dynamics occurs through a series of period doubling bifurcations. In chaotic regime, two dramatically different power spectra, one with a well-defined peak and the other with a broadly distributed noise, are identified and explained.
Boundedness and convergence for singular integrals of measures separated by Lipschitz graphs
Creators: name: Chousionis, Vasilis
name: Mattila, Pertti
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 42B20

description: We shall consider the truncated singular integral operators T_{μ, K}^εf(x)=\int_{\mathbb{R}^{n}\setminus B(x,ε)}K(x-y)f(y)dμy and related maximal operators $T_{μ,K}^{\ast}f(x)=\underset{ε>0}{\sup}| T_{μ,K}^εf(x)|$. We shall prove for a large class of kernels $K$ and measures $μ$ and $ν$ that if $μ$ and $ν$ are separated by a Lipschitz graph, then $T_{ν,K}^{\ast}:L^p(ν)\to L^p(μ)$ is bounded for $1
description: To appear in the Bulletin of the LMS
TERAD91: A Program package for the calculation of the cross sections of deep inelastic NC and CC scattering at HERA
Creators: name: Akhundov, Arif A.
name: Bardin, Dmitri Yu.
name: Kalinovskaya, L.
name: Riemann, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a brief description of the recently developed Fortran code TERAD91 for semi-analytical calculations of the double differential cross sections of NC and CC deep inelastic electron-proton scattering and of some related observables. The code is mainly intended for the calculations at HERA or other ep-colliders but may be also used for similar processes like muon-proton scattering in fixed-target experiments.
description: 9 pages, Talk given at the DESY Workshop "PHYSICS at HERA", Hamburg, Germany, 29-30 October, 1991
Composition of Ices in Low-Mass Extrasolar Planets
Creators: name: Marboeuf, Ulysse
name: Mousis, Olivier
name: Ehrenreich, David
name: Alibert, Yann
name: Cassan, Arnaud
name: Wakelam, Valentine
name: Beaulieu, Jean-Philippe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the formation conditions of icy planetesimals in protoplanetary disks in order to determine the composition of ices in small and cold extrasolar planets. Assuming that ices are formed from hydrates, clathrates, and pure condensates, we calculate their mass fractions with respect to the total quantity of ices included in planetesimals, for a grid of disk models. We find that the composition of ices weakly depends on the adopted disk thermodynamic conditions, and is rather influenced by the initial composition of the gas phase. The use of a plausible range of molecular abundance ratios and the variation of the relative elemental carbon over oxygen ratio in the gas phase of protoplanetary disks, allow us to apply our model to a wide range of planetary systems. Our results can thus be used to constrain the icy/volatile phase composition of cold planets evidenced by microlensing surveys, hypothetical ocean-planets and carbon planets, which could be detected by Corot or Kepler.
description: Accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journal
The geochemistry of sediments and mine tailings in the Alice Arm area
Creators: name: Losher, Albert Justin
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: A geochemical study of the composition of natural sediments and contaminating mine tailings in Hastings and Alice Arms has been carried out. Apart from the geochemical investigation on the solid fraction, pore waters from six sediment cores have been analyzed to evaluate the diagenetic processes in the sediments of these two inlets. Differences in the mineralogy as well as in the chemical composition of the sediments were used to distinguish the natural sediments from contaminated sediments and pure tailings. In Alice Arm, two types of tailings could be differentiated with these methods. The first tailings type originated from the Kitsault Mo-deposit, which was mined in the past two decades by the B.C. Molybdenum Corporation and AMAX/Canada. These tailings are characterized by a number of features which make them distinguishable from natural sediments. The K-feldspar content of the tailings is significantly increased, mainly at the expense of plagioclase, which is the main characteristic for the mineralogical identification of this tailings type. The enhanced K-feldspar content is the cause for increased K and Rb values in the Mo-mine tailings. Another indicator specific to these recent tailings is an increased Mo content. The second tailings type is derived from an older mining operation in the Kitsault Valley, most likely the Dolly Varden Silver Mine. A specific indicator for these tailings is their high Ba content which is due to large amounts of barite. This mineral phase could be identified by X-ray diffraction methods in a heavy mineral fraction of the relevant sediment layers. Both tailings types show enrichment in their Pb, Zn and S concentrations, caused by an increased amount of metal-sulphides in the ore materials. In this area, these elements can therefore serve as a general indicator for the contamination of natural sediment with either tailings type. The interstitial water analyses indicated that the sediments in both inlets become reducing at a fairly shallow depth (10-15 cm), resulting in the mobilization of Mn, Fe and Mo from the solid phase. In the deeper parts of the cores, consumption of these metals could usually be observed which is likely due to precipitation of authigenic components. The dissolved Mo concentrations in the sediments contaminated with the modern tailings were much higher than in the natural sediments. In the pore water of the pure tailings the concentration reaches some 300 times that of the overlying water, which is the highest value ever reported for saline pore waters. These high Mo concentrations must support a flux of Mo from the sediment into the overlying water, and it is shown that such a flux could increase the inventory of naturally occurring dissolved Mo in the deep waters of Alice Arm by up to 4%.
Stochastic control problems for systems driven by normal martingales
Creators: name: Buckdahn, Rainer
name: Ma, Jin
name: Rainer, Catherine
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 93E20 (Primary) 60G44, 35K55 (Secondary)

description: In this paper we study a class of stochastic control problems in which the control of the jump size is essential. Such a model is a generalized version for various applied problems ranging from optimal reinsurance selections for general insurance models to queueing theory. The main novel point of such a control problem is that by changing the jump size of the system, one essentially changes the type of the driving martingale. Such a feature does not seem to have been investigated in any existing stochastic control literature. We shall first provide a rigorous theoretical foundation for the control problem by establishing an existence result for the multidimensional structure equation on a Wiener--Poisson space, given an arbitrary bounded jump size control process; and by providing an auxiliary counterexample showing the nonuniqueness for such solutions. Based on these theoretical results, we then formulate the control problem and prove the Bellman principle, and derive the corresponding Hamilton--Jacobi--Bellman (HJB) equation, which in this case is a mixed second-order partial differential/difference equation. Finally, we prove a uniqueness result for the viscosity solution of such an HJB equation.
description: Published in at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/07-AAP467 the Annals of Applied Probability (http://www.imstat.org/aap/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
Superconductivity in Co-doped LaFeAsO
Creators: name: Sefat, Athena S.
name: Huq, Ashfia
name: McGuire, Michael A.
name: Jin, Rongying
name: Sales, Brian C.
name: Mandrus, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Here we report the synthesis and basic characterization of LaFe1-xCoxAsO for several values of x. The parent phase LaFeAsO orders antiferromagnetically (TN ~ 145 K). Replacing Fe with Co is expected to both electron dope the system and introduce disorder in the FeAs layer. For x = 0.05 antiferromagnetic order is destroyed and superconductivity is observed at Tconset = 11.2 K. For x = 0.11 superconductivity is observed at Tc(onset) = 14.3 K, and for x = 0.15 Tc = 6.0 K. Superconductivity is not observed for x = 0.2 and 0.5, but for x = 1, the material appears to be ferromagnetic (Tc ~ 56 K) as judged by magnetization measurements. We conclude that Co is an effective dopant to induce superconductivity. Somewhat surprisingly, the system appears to tolerate considerable disorder in the FeAs planes.
description: 19 pages, 9 figures
Generalized Horndeski-Like Einstein Gauss-Bonnet Inflation with Massless Primordial Gravitons
Creators: name: Oikonomou, V. K.
name: Fronimos, F. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work we shall introduce a theoretical framework comprised by a non-minimal coupled canonical scalar field, a non-minimal coupling to the Gauss-Bonnet invariant and a non-minimal kinetic coupling. This theoretical framework is basically a non-minimally coupled Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet theory with extra corrections of the form of a non-minimal kinetic coupling. In order to comply with the GW170817 event, we shall impose a constraint on the propagation speed of the primordial tensor perturbations that it is equal to that of light's in vacuum, and this constraint basically specifies the way that the scalar potential and the non-minimal couplings of the theory can be chosen. The whole theoretical framework, which belongs to the larger class of Horndeski theories, cannot yield viable results, due to the fact that the primordial gravitational wave speed is not equal to that of light's. Thus we study this theory by also imposing the constraint of having gravity wave speed equal to the light speed. We directly examine the inflationary phenomenology of our theoretical framework and by assuming the slow-roll conditions, we derived the equations of motion in such a way so that analytical results may be extracted. By using several well motivated models we demonstrate the framework leads to a viable phenomenology.
description: NPB accepted
Wearable and Continuous Prediction of Passage of Time Perception for Monitoring Mental Health
Creators: name: Orlandic, Lara
name: Valdes, Adriana Arza
name: Atienza, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: A person's passage of time perception (POTP) is strongly linked to their mental state and stress response, and can therefore provide an easily quantifiable means of continuous mental health monitoring. In this work, we develop a custom experiment and Machine Learning (ML) models for predicting POTP from biomarkers acquired from wearable biosensors. We first confirm that individuals experience time passing slower than usual during fear or sadness (p = 0.046) and faster than usual during cognitive tasks (p = 2 x 10^-5). Then, we group together the experimental segments associated with fast, slow, and normal POTP, and train a ML model to classify between these states based on a person's biomarkers. The classifier had a weighted average F-1 score of 79%, with the fast-passing time class having the highest F-1 score of 93%. Next, we classify each individual's POTP regardless of the task at hand, achieving an F-1 score of 77.1% when distinguishing time passing faster rather than slower than usual. In the two classifiers, biomarkers derived from the respiration, electrocardiogram, skin conductance, and skin temperature signals contributed most to the classifier output, thus enabling real-time POTP monitoring using noninvasive, wearable biosensors.
Herbig-Haro flows in B335
Creators: name: Gålfalk, M.
name: Olofsson, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have observed optical (Halpha and [SII]) and near-IR (S(1) line of H2) deep fields and taken optical spectra using the 2.56m NOT, as well as a near-UV deep field (U band) using the 3.58m NTT. In addition we present new SPITZER (IRAC and MIPS) mid-IR observations. We use previous Halpha and S(1) observations taken 15 and 9 years earlier to make proper motion maps. We then investigate the shock physics by matching our spectra with planar shock models. We discover six new HH objects in B335. From proper motions we find an optically bright, roughly E-W oriented group with high space velocities (200-280 km/s) and a near-IR bright, slower group (15-75 km/s) moving to the ESE. We also find a system of at least 15 H2 knots in the western lobe. This (WNW) counterflow suggests the possibility of a binary outflow source, giving rise to two outflow axes with slightly different orientations. We find that the E-W flow is symmetrical with evidence for two outbursts. We make the first detection of [OI] 6300/63 in HH119 B and Hbeta in HH119 A and B and find their extinctions to be AV~1.4 and 4.4, respectively. HH119 A is found to expand much faster than expected from linear expansion with distance from the outflow source. Using planar shock models we find shock velocities of ~60 km/s (A) and ~35 km/s (B and C). This agrees with A being of higher excitation than B and C. In our U image we detect three of the HH objects and propose that the emission arise from the [OII] 3728 line and the blue continuum. New SPITZER observations show most of the HH objects at 4.5 micron and a E-W elongated hour-glass shaped structure at the outflow source. Even at 24 micron it is not clear whether most of the light is direct or reflected.
description: 23 pages, 15 figures, accepted in A&A
Some aspects of iron limitation in a marine diatom
Creators: name: Mueller, Bert
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Batch cultures of the marine diatom, Thalassiosira pseudonana were grown in the defined medium Aquil without EDTA and with varying concentrations of added iron (Fe). The response of cultures to Fe depletion was more rapid and dramatic when in vivo fluorescence (a correlate of cellular chlorophyll a) was used as a measure of biomass instead of cell density. In vivo fluorescence and in vivo fluorescence per unit cell density were found to be more sensitive and reliable measures of Fe limitation than cell density alone. Because the physiology of nutrient-limited cells changes rapidly in batch culture, a chemostat was designed and constructed to grow axenic cultures of T. pseudonana under constant degrees of Fe limitation. Fe-limited chemostat cultures grown in Aquil without EDTA were also partly limited by silicate. Despite growing to higher cell densities, Fe-replete batch cultures were not silicate limited. It thus appears that Fe-stress contributes to increased silicate quotas in this organism. Doubling the silicate concentration of the medium alleviated silicate limitation and cells responded to Fe limitation by continuing cell division for a time while in vivo fluorescence remained constant. Measured quotas of cellular Fe were 370 attomoles⋅cell⁻¹ (1 attomole is 1 X 10⁻⁸ moles) for an Fe-replete culture and ranged from 50 to 100 attomoles⋅cell⁻¹ for Fe-deplete batch and chemostat cultures. Fe associated with the cell surface was not detected in cells grown in a batch culture which received no added Fe or in an Fe-limited chemostat culture. As a comparison, the dinoflagellate, Protogonyaulax tamarensis Clone D-255 grown in Fe-limited batch culture was found to have an Fe quota of 116 femtomoles⋅cell⁻¹ which, however, was in close agreement with T. pseudonana when Fe quotas were calculated on a per unit volume basis. A method for the measurement of Fe uptake by ⁵⁵Fe .labelling was developed which estimated an uptake rate of 90B attomoles⋅cell⁻¹⋅hr⁻¹ over a 10 min exposure to 450 nM Fe. Many of the methods developed and tested in this study should prove valuable in future study of the iron requirement of phytoplankton and their adaptations to low-Fe stress.
"Ulbricht-Doktrin" oder "Gomułka-Doktrin"? Das Bemühen der Volksrepublik Polen um eine geschlossene Politik des kommunistischen Blocks gegenüber der westdeutschen Ostpolitik 1966/67
Creators: name: Jarząbek, Wanda
Publisher: name: Zeitschrift für Ostmitteleuropa-Forschung
Year: 2006

description: Zeitschrift für Ostmitteleuropa-Forschung, Bd. 55 Nr. 1 (2006)
Corpus Inscriptionum Poloniae. Tom IX: Województwo Olsztyńskie. Zeszyt I: Lubawa i okolice
Creators: name: Zdrenka, Joachim
Publisher: name: Zeitschrift für Ostmitteleuropa-Forschung
Year: 1997

description: Zeitschrift für Ostmitteleuropa-Forschung, Bd. 46 Nr. 2 (1997)
A New Imaginary Term in the 2nd Order Nonlinear Susceptibility from Charged Interfaces
Creators: name: Ma, Emily
name: Ohno, Paul E.
name: Kim, Jeongmin
name: Liu, Yangdongling Dawning
name: Lozier, Emilie H.
name: Miller, Thomas F.
name: Wang, Hong-Fei
name: Geiger, Franz M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Non-resonant second harmonic generation phase and amplitude measurements obtained from the silica:water interface at varying pH and 0.5 M ionic strength point to the existence of a nonlinear susceptibility term, which we call chi(3)X, that is associated with a 90 deg phase shift. Including this contribution in a model for the total effective second-order nonlinear susceptibility produces reasonable point estimates for interfacial potentials and second-order nonlinear susceptibilities when chi(3)Xis about 1.5 times chi(3)water. A model without this term and containing only traditional chi(2) and chi(3) terms cannot recapitulate the experimental data. The new model also provides a demonstrated utility for distinguishing apparent differences in the second-order nonlinear susceptibility when the electrolyte is NaCl vs MgSO4, pointing to the possibility of using HD-SHG to investigate ion-specificity in interfacial processes.
description: Pre-edited version, 16 Pages main text, 4 Figures, Supporting Information
Performance evaluation results of evolutionary clustering algorithm star for clustering heterogeneous datasets
Creators: name: Hassan, Bryar A.
name: Rashid, TarikA.
name: Mirjalili, Seyedali
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This article presents the data used to evaluate the performance of evolutionary clustering algorithm star (ECA*) compared to five traditional and modern clustering algorithms. Two experimental methods are employed to examine the performance of ECA* against genetic algorithm for clustering++ (GENCLUST++), learning vector quantisation (LVQ) , expectation maximisation (EM) , K-means++ (KM++) and K-means (KM). These algorithms are applied to 32 heterogenous and multi-featured datasets to determine which one performs well on the three tests. For one, ther paper examines the efficiency of ECA* in contradiction of its corresponding algorithms using clustering evaluation measures. These validation criteria are objective function and cluster quality measures. For another, it suggests a performance rating framework to measurethe the performance sensitivity of these algorithms on varos dataset features (cluster dimensionality, number of clusters, cluster overlap, cluster shape and cluster structure). The contributions of these experiments are two-folds: (i) ECA* exceeds its counterpart aloriths in ability to find out the right cluster number; (ii) ECA* is less sensitive towards dataset features compared to its competitive techniques. Nonetheless, the results of the experiments performed demonstrate some limitations in the ECA*: (i) ECA* is not fully applied based on the premise that no prior knowledge exists; (ii) Adapting and utilising ECA* on several real applications has not been achieved yet.
xPert: Computer algebra for metric perturbation theory
Creators: name: Brizuela, David
name: Martin-Garcia, Jose M.
name: Marugan, Guillermo A. Mena
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the tensor computer algebra package xPert for fast construction and manipulation of the equations of metric perturbation theory, around arbitrary backgrounds. It is based on the combination of explicit combinatorial formulas for the n-th order perturbation of curvature tensors and their gauge changes, and the use of highly efficient techniques of index canonicalization, provided by the underlying tensor system xAct, for Mathematica. We give examples of use and show the efficiency of the system with timings plots: it is possible to handle orders n=4 or n=5 within seconds, or reach n=10 with timings below 1 hour.
description: 11 pages, 4 figures. Package can be downloaded from http://metric.iem.csic.es/Martin-Garcia/xAct/xPert/
Dynamics of symmetric dynamical systems with delayed switching
Creators: name: Sieber, J.
name: Kowalczyk, P.
name: Hogan, S. J.
name: di Bernardo, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 37G15, 70K43, 70K50

description: We study dynamical systems that switch between two different vector fields depending on a discrete variable and with a delay. When the delay reaches a problem-dependent critical value so-called event collisions occur. This paper classifies and analyzes event collisions, a special type of discontinuity induced bifurcations, for periodic orbits. Our focus is on event collisions of symmetric periodic orbits in systems with full reflection symmetry, a symmetry that is prevalent in applications. We derive an implicit expression for the Poincare map near the colliding periodic orbit. The Poincare map is piecewise smooth, finite-dimensional, and changes the dimension of its image at the collision. In the second part of the paper we apply this general result to the class of unstable linear single-degree-of-freedom oscillators where we detect and continue numerically collisions of invariant tori. Moreover, we observe that attracting closed invariant polygons emerge at the torus collision.
description: 28 pages
Grenzgesellschaft und mehrfache Loyalitäten. Die brandenburg-preußisch-polnische Grenze 1656-1772
Creators: name: Bömelburg, Hans-Jürgen
Publisher: name: Zeitschrift für Ostmitteleuropa-Forschung
Year: 2006

description: Zeitschrift für Ostmitteleuropa-Forschung, Bd. 55 Nr. 1 (2006)
Bernhard Muschol, Die Herrschaft Slawentzitz / Ehrenforst in Oberschlesien. Piastisches Kammergut im Spätmittelalter, sächsischer Adelsbesitz und Hohenlohesche Residenz in der Neuzeit.
Creators: name: Weczerka, Hugo
Publisher: name: Zeitschrift für Ostmitteleuropa-Forschung
Year: 1997

description: Zeitschrift für Ostmitteleuropa-Forschung, Bd. 46 Nr. 2 (1997)
Nonergodicity and Central Limit Behavior for Long-range Hamiltonians
Creators: name: Pluchino, A.
name: Rapisarda, A.
name: Tsallis, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a molecular dynamics test of the Central Limit Theorem (CLT) in a paradigmatic long-range-interacting many-body classical Hamiltonian system, the HMF model. We calculate sums of velocities at equidistant times along deterministic trajectories for different sizes and energy densities. We show that, when the system is in a chaotic regime (specifically, at thermal equilibrium), ergodicity is essentially verified, and the Pdfs of the sums appear to be Gaussians, consistently with the standard CLT. When the system is, instead, only weakly chaotic (specifically, along longstanding metastable Quasi-Stationary States), nonergodicity (i.e., discrepant ensemble and time averages) is observed, and robust $q$-Gaussian attractors emerge, consistently with recently proved generalizations of the CLT.
description: 6 pages 7 figures. Improved version accepted for publication on Europhysics Letters
The effect of manganese on the concentration of biologically available copper to the diatom, Thalassiosira pseudonana
Creators: name: Kazumi, Junko
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Mn was found to reduce the toxicity of Cu to the marine diatom Thalassiosira pseudonana (clone 3H) in the chemically well defined medium Aquil (Morel et al., 1979), verifying the results of Sunda and Huntsman (1983). A cation-exchange resin technique developed by Zorkin (1983) was modified for use in natural seawater samples to estimate the biologically active Cu and Mn. Seawater samples taken from the bottom waters of a local fjord were found to support better growth of the test organism than samples from shallow waters, although the concentration of the biologically active Cu as estimated by the resin technique was similar for samples collected from all depths. The biologically active Mn concentration was found to be higher in the bottom water samples, indicating that the bioassay organism was probably responding to the interaction between the ionic forms of Cu and Mn, rather than to changes in the biologically active Cu concentration.
First arrival picking using U-net with Lovasz loss and nearest point picking method
Creators: name: Yuan, Pengyu
name: Hu, Wenyi
name: Wu, Xuqing
name: Chen, Jiefu
name: Van Nguyen, Hien
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We proposed a robust segmentation and picking workflow to solve the first arrival picking problem for seismic signal processing. Unlike traditional classification algorithm, image segmentation method can utilize the location information by outputting a prediction map which has the same size of the input image. A parameter-free nearest point picking algorithm is proposed to further improve the accuracy of the first arrival picking. The algorithm is test on synthetic clean data, synthetic noisy data, synthetic picking-disconnected data and field data. It performs well on all of them and the picking deviation reaches as low as 4.8ms per receiver. The first arrival picking problem is formulated as the contour detection problem. Similar to \cite{wu2019semi}, we use U-net to perform the segmentation as it is proven to be state-of-the-art in many image segmentation tasks. Particularly, a Lovasz loss instead of the traditional cross-entropy loss is used to train the network for a better segmentation performance. Lovasz loss is a surrogate loss for Jaccard index or the so-called intersection-over-union (IoU) score, which is often one of the most used metrics for segmentation tasks. In the picking part, we use a novel nearest point picking (NPP) method to take the advantage of the coherence of the first arrival picking among adjacent receivers. Our model is tested and validated on both synthetic and field data with harmonic noises. The main contributions of this paper are as follows: 1. Used Lovasz loss to directly optimize the IoU for segmentation task. Improvement over the cross-entropy loss with regard to the segmentation accuracy is verified by the test result. 2. Proposed a nearest point picking post processing method to overcome any defects left by the segmentation output. 3. Conducted noise analysis and verified the model with both noisy synthetic and field datasets.
Single-mode lasing based on PT-breaking of two-dimensional photonic higher-order topological insulator
Creators: name: Zhu, B. F.
name: Wang, Q.
name: Zeng, Y. Q.
name: Wang, Q. J.
name: Chong, Y. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Topological lasers are a new class of lasers that seek to exploit the special properties of topological states of light. A typical limiting factor in their performance is the existence of non-topological states with quality factors comparable to the desired topological states. We show theoretically that by distributing uniform gain and loss on two sublattices of a two-dimensional higher-order topological insulator (HOTI) lattice, single-mode lasing based on topological corner states can be sustained over a wide range of pump strengths. This behavior stems from the parity/time-reversal breaking of the topological corner states, which supplies them with more effective gain than the edge and bulk states, rather than through localized pumping of the domain corners. These results point to opportunities for exploiting non-Hermitian phenomena and designing compact high performance topological lasers.