cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Gaussian Process Latent Class Choice Models
Creators: name: Sfeir, Georges
name: Rodrigues, Filipe
name: Abou-Zeid, Maya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Econometrics (econ.EM)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We present a Gaussian Process - Latent Class Choice Model (GP-LCCM) to integrate a non-parametric class of probabilistic machine learning within discrete choice models (DCMs). Gaussian Processes (GPs) are kernel-based algorithms that incorporate expert knowledge by assuming priors over latent functions rather than priors over parameters, which makes them more flexible in addressing nonlinear problems. By integrating a Gaussian Process within a LCCM structure, we aim at improving discrete representations of unobserved heterogeneity. The proposed model would assign individuals probabilistically to behaviorally homogeneous clusters (latent classes) using GPs and simultaneously estimate class-specific choice models by relying on random utility models. Furthermore, we derive and implement an Expectation-Maximization (EM) algorithm to jointly estimate/infer the hyperparameters of the GP kernel function and the class-specific choice parameters by relying on a Laplace approximation and gradient-based numerical optimization methods, respectively. The model is tested on two different mode choice applications and compared against different LCCM benchmarks. Results show that GP-LCCM allows for a more complex and flexible representation of heterogeneity and improves both in-sample fit and out-of-sample predictive power. Moreover, behavioral and economic interpretability is maintained at the class-specific choice model level while local interpretation of the latent classes can still be achieved, although the non-parametric characteristic of GPs lessens the transparency of the model.
Ontology Explorer: An Ontology-Based Visual Analytics System for Exploring Time Series Data in Oil and Gas
Creators: name: Santos, Nicolau
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: ontology
standard
data management
global workshop
ontology commons ecosystem
FAIR

description: Well-founded ontologies are a powerful tool to make apparent the semantics of the data that supports the decision-making process in surveillance environments. Optimising oil and gas production requires the right-time analysis of a large amount of data produced by several distinct data providers that adopt their conventions and formats. The main contributions of this work are: Ontology Explorer, a new Visual Analytics system that leverages the concept of Ontologies in the interactive exploration of time series in digital twins. A case study that demonstrates an application of the Ontology Explorer in the oil and gas digital twins.
Derivations of group rings for finite and FC groups
Creators: name: Arutyunov, Andronick
name: Kosolapov, Leo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper we establish decomposition theorems for derivations of group rings. We provide a topological technique for studying derivations of a group ring $A[G]$ in case $G$ has finite conjugacy classes. As a result, we describe all derivations of algebra $A[G]$ for the case when $G$ is a finite group, or $G$ is an FC-group. In addition, we describe an algorithm to explicitly calculate all derivations of a group ring $A[G]$ in case $G$ is finite. As examples, derivations of $\mathbb{Z}_4[S_3]$ and $\mathbb{F}_{2^m}D_{2n}$ are considered.
A Combination Inversion and Translocation in Neurospora Crassa with Inviable Deficiency Progeny That Can Be Rescued in Heterokaryons
Creators: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1992

description: Chromosome rearrangement In(IL;IR)T(IL;IIIR)SLm-1, has a pericentric inversion in linkage group I associated with a reciprocal translocation between I and III. The rearrangement was identified cytologically in pairing with normal sequence chromosomes at pachynema. Rearrangement breakpoints were mapped genetically in IL, IR and IIIR by crosses with normal sequence strains and in crosses with an inversion that partially overlaps the SLm-1 inversion. When rearrangement SLm-1 is crossed to parents with normal sequence chromosomes, one class among the progeny has a small chromosome deficiency and large duplication. The ascospores containing this deficiency/duplication die either before germination or just after, when growth commences. Germ tubes of the deficiency/duplication progeny, which start to grow then stop, resemble the aborted growth of auxotrophic mutants germinated on minimal medium. Efforts to correct the deficiency with nutritional supplements were not successful. However, the defective class can be rescued by fusing the germinating hyphae of the deficiency ascospore with a complementary auxotrophic mutant to form a heterokaryon. A deficiency/duplication nucleus that is rescued in a heterokaryon can serve as a fertilizing nucleus in crosses with a normal sequence parent. One half of their progeny have the normal chromosome sequence and one half have the chromosome deficiency syndrome and die at germination.
Adiabatic Spectroscopy and a Variational Quantum Adiabatic Algorithm
Creators: name: Schiffer, Benjamin F.
name: Tura, Jordi
name: Cirac, J. Ignacio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Preparing the ground state of a Hamiltonian is a problem of great significance in physics with deep implications in the field of combinatorial optimization. The adiabatic algorithm is known to return the ground state for sufficiently long preparation times which depend on the a priori unknown spectral gap. Our work relates in a twofold way. First, we propose a method to obtain information about the spectral profile of the adiabatic evolution. Second, we present the concept of a variational quantum adiabatic algorithm (VQAA) for optimized adiabatic paths. We aim at combining the strengths of the adiabatic and the variational approaches for fast and high-fidelity ground state preparation while keeping the number of measurements as low as possible. Our algorithms build upon ancilla protocols which we present that allow to directly evaluate the ground state overlap. We benchmark for a non-integrable spin-1/2 transverse and longitudinal Ising chain with $N=53$ sites using tensor network techniques. Using a black box, gradient-based approach, we report a reduction in the total evolution time for a given desired ground state fidelity by a factor of ten, which makes our method suitable for the limited decoherence time of noisy-intermediate scale quantum devices.
description: 23+9 pages, 22 figures (main text)
title: Non-intrusive passive acoustic monitoring of liquid flow systems
Creators: name: Martyn. Dean, Ellis
Publisher: name: University of Liverpool Repository
Year: 2023

description: Internal Corrosion of process pipework is a significant problem in many Chemical Industry scenarios, affecting plant integrity and profitability. It is vital that vulnerable sections of plant are monitored for corrosion on a regular basis and there are many established methods for so doing. The majority of these methods are intrusive in nature and those that are not either require considerable specialist expertise in their operation or require that the plant be shut down while monitoring takes place. This thesis explores the possibility of using non-intrusive, passive acoustic monitoring as a method of corrosion monitoring. Acoustic measurementsm, ade in the range 0- 20kHz, coupled with Chromaticity based Data Analysis Techniques have been shown to yield Acoustic Signatures, the variable nature of which can be used as an analysis tool for various aspects of plant operation. Measurements have been made on a Liquid Flow Rig, which was designed to mimic a section of a typical industrial process plant. Acoustical Characterisation of the rig was performed and was followed by a series of experimental measurements using Simulated Corrosion pipe inserts. It was found that the rig exhibited a complex acoustical behaviour and that the reproducibility of measurements made at low frequencies was generally poor. However, selection of a suitable Frequency Measurement Band, coupled with the use of appropriate Chromatic Filters has been shown to yield results that enable the corrosion state of the rig to be quantified. Additionally, it has been proved possible to monitor, quantitatively, other aspects of the rig, such as the degree of Cavitation and the condition of the Re-circulating Pump.
The complex multi-scale structure in simulated and observed emission maps of the proto-cluster cloud G0.253+0.016 (`the Brick')
Creators: name: Petkova, Maya A.
name: Kruijssen, J. M. Diederik
name: Kluge, A. Louise
name: Glover, Simon C. O.
name: Walker, Daniel L.
name: Longmore, Steven N.
name: Henshaw, Jonathan D.
name: Reissl, Stefan
name: Dale, James E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Central Molecular Zone (CMZ; the central ~ 500 pc of the Milky Way) hosts molecular clouds in an extreme environment of strong shear, high gas pressure and density, and complex chemistry. G0.253+0.016, also known as `the Brick', is the densest, most compact and quiescent of these clouds. High-resolution observations with the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) have revealed its complex, hierarchical structure. In this paper we compare the properties of recent hydrodynamical simulations of the Brick to those of the ALMA observations. To facilitate the comparison, we post-process the simulations and create synthetic ALMA maps of molecular line emission from eight molecules. We correlate the line emission maps to each other and to the mass column density, and find that HNCO is the best mass tracer of the eight emission lines within the simulations. Additionally, we characterise the spatial structure of the observed and simulated cloud using the density probability distribution function (PDF), spatial power spectrum, fractal dimension, and moments of inertia. While we find good agreement between the observed and simulated data in terms of power spectra and fractal dimensions, there are key differences in the density PDFs and moments of inertia, which we attribute to the omission of magnetic fields in the simulations. This demonstrates that the presence of the Galactic potential can reproduce many cloud properties, but additional physical processes are needed to fully explain the gas structure.
description: 27 pages; 21 figures; accepted by MNRAS
Superconformal mechanics in SU(2|1) superspace
Creators: name: Ivanov, E.
name: Sidorov, S.
name: Toppan, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 17A70, 81Q60, 81T60

description: Using the worldline SU(2|1) superfield approach, we construct N=4 superconformally invariant actions for the d=1 multiplets (1, 4, 3) and (2, 4, 2). The SU(2|1) superfield framework automatically implies the trigonometric realization of the superconformal symmetry and the harmonic oscillator term in the corresponding component actions. We deal with the general N=4 superconformal algebra D(2,1;$α$) and its central-extended $α$=0 and $α$=-1 psu(1,1|2)$\oplus$su(2) descendants. We capitalize on the observation that D(2,1;$α$) at $α\neq$0 can be treated as a closure of its two su(2|1) subalgebras, one of which defines the superisometry of the SU(2|1) superspace, while the other is related to the first one through the reflection of $μ$, the parameter of contraction to the flat N=4, d=1 superspace. This closure property and its $α$=0 analog suggest a simple criterion for the SU(2|1) invariant actions to be superconformal: they should be even functions of $μ$. We find that the superconformal actions of the multiplet (2, 4, 2) exist only at $α$=-1, 0 and are reduced to a sum of the free sigma-model type action and the conformal superpotential yielding, respectively, the oscillator potential $\sim μ^2$ and the standard conformal inverse-square potential in the bosonic sector. The sigma-model action in this case can be constructed only on account of non-zero central charge in the superalgebra su(1,1|2).
description: 1 + 49 pages, minor corrections in eqs. (4.9), (4.25), (4.35) and (4.36), new insertion after eq. (4.52)
On the Development of Stress State and Rate Dependent FE Model for the  Failure Response of Alumina Ceramics: Experimental Dynamic Brazilian Disk  Validation
Creators: Zaiemyekeh, Zahra
Li, Haoyang
Ji, Min
Zheng, Jie
Romanyk, Dan L.
Hogan, James David
Publisher: name: University of Alberta Library
Year: 2022

Conference abstract. Part of the Proceedings of the Canadian Society for Mechanical Engineering International Congress 2022.
Marion Leonard
Creators: Delahousse, Sarah
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2013
Subjects: Women in the motion picture industry
Motion pictures
Silent films

description: It is well known that Florence Lawrence, the first “Biograph Girl,” was frustrated in her desire to exploit her fame by the company that did not, in those years, advertise their players’ names. Lawrence is thought to have been made the first motion picture star by an ingenious ploy on the part of IMP, the studio that hired her after she left the Biograph Company. But the emphasis on the “first star” eclipses the number of popular female players who vied for stardom and the publicity gambles they took to achieve it. Eileen Bowser has argued that Lawrence was “tied with” the “Vitagraph Girl,” Florence Turner, for the honorific, “first movie star” (1990, 112). In 1909, the year after Lawrence left Biograph, Marion Leonard replaced her as the “Biograph Girl.” At the end of 1911, Leonard would be part of the trend in which favorite players began to find ways to exploit their popularity, but she went further, establishing the first “star company,” according to Karen Mahar (62).
Developmental Arrest and Ecdysteroid Deficiency Resulting from Mutations at the Dre4 Locus of Drosophila
Creators: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1992

description: Loss-of-function mutations of the dre4 gene of Drosophila melanogaster caused stage-specific developmental arrest, the stages of arrest coinciding with periods of ecdysteroid (molting hormone) regulated development. Nonconditional mutations resulted in the arrest of larval development in the first instar; embryogenesis was not impaired, and mutant larvae were behaviorally normal and longlived. At 31 ° the temperature-sensitive dre4(e55) allele caused the arrest of larval development in the first or second instars. When upshifted to 31 ° at various times during development, dre4(e55) mutants exhibited nonpupariation of third-instar larvae, failure of pupal head eversion, failure of adult differentiation, or noneclosion of pharate adults. Under some temperature regimens second-instar larvae pupariated precociously without entering the normally intervening third-instar. Nonpupariation and defects in metamorphosis were associated with the reduction or elimination of ecdysteroid peaks normally associated with late-larval, prepupal, pupal and pharate adult development. Ecdysteroid production by larval ring glands from dre4(e55) hemizygous larvae was suppressed after 2 hr of incubation in vitro at 31 °, indicating autonomous expression of the dre4 gene in the ring gland. We postulate that the dre4 gene is required for ecdysteroid production at multiple stages of Drosophila development and that the pathologies observed in dre4 mutants reflect developmental consequences of ecdysteroid deficiency.
Identifying robust communities and multi-community nodes by combining top-down and bottom-up approaches to clustering
Creators: name: Gaiteri, Chris
name: Chen, Mingming
name: Szymanski, Boleslaw
name: Kuzmin, Konstantin
name: Xie, Jierui
name: Lee, Changkyu
name: Blanche, Timothy
name: Neto, Elias Chaibub
name: Huang, Su-Chun
name: Grabowski, Thomas
name: Madhyastha, Tara
name: Komashko, Vitalina
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science (cs.CE)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Molecular Networks (q-bio.MN)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Biological functions are carried out by groups of interacting molecules, cells or tissues, known as communities. Membership in these communities may overlap when biological components are involved in multiple functions. However, traditional clustering methods detect non-overlapping communities. These detected communities may also be unstable and difficult to replicate, because traditional methods are sensitive to noise and parameter settings. These aspects of traditional clustering methods limit our ability to detect biological communities, and therefore our ability to understand biological functions. To address these limitations and detect robust overlapping biological communities, we propose an unorthodox clustering method called SpeakEasy which identifies communities using top-down and bottom-up approaches simultaneously. Specifically, nodes join communities based on their local connections, as well as global information about the network structure. This method can quantify the stability of each community, automatically identify the number of communities, and quickly cluster networks with hundreds of thousands of nodes. SpeakEasy shows top performance on synthetic clustering benchmarks and accurately identifies meaningful biological communities in a range of datasets, including: gene microarrays, protein interactions, sorted cell populations, electrophysiology and fMRI brain imaging.
title: Effectiveness of the Phase Contrast Microscope in Dental Patient Motivation
Creators: name: Bowen, Denise Marie
Publisher: name: Old Dominion University
Year: 1976

description: The purpose of this investigation was to examine the effectiveness of the phase contrast microscope when used as an adjunct to a patient education program in motivating individuals to improve oral hygiene habits. A convenience sample with randomized groups was utilized to select sixty-five subjects. Subjects attended five appointments: one appointment for oral prophylaxis, three appointments for oral hygiene instruction and a three month recall. A phase contrast microscope demonstration was the independent variable. Plaque scores were measured at each appointment using a Modification of the OHI-S. No statistically significant difference existed between the groups at any coinciding appointments. Statistically significant increases in plaque were found within each group when comparing the pretest score with each posttest score. No significant difference was detected in patient motivation in a patient education program with a phase contrast microscope demonstration and an otherwise identical patient education program without a phase contrast microscope demonstration.
MOESM1 of Assessment of long-term sickness absence: content and face validity of a new questionnaire based on qualitative data from nominal groups
Creators: name: Goorts, Kaat
name: Vanovenberghe, Charlotte
name: Lambreghts, Charlotte
name: Bruneel, Eline
name: Rusu, Dorina
name: Bois, Marc Du
name: Vandenbroeck, Sofie
name: Lode Godderis
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 1: Table S3. Structure, content, source-questionnaires and scoring* of the questionnaire.
A new red algal crust from New Zealand: Apophlaea darchinoae sp. nov. (Hildenbrandiales)
Creators: name: Zuccarello, Giuseppe
name: Webby, H
name: Thorn, C
name: Preuss, Maren
Publisher: name: Open Access Te Herenga Waka-Victoria University of Wellington
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: New Zealand’s algal flora is still far from fully explored, and new taxa continue to be discovered. The taxonomy of the red algal order Hildenbrandiales, consisting mostly of crustose members, is controversial as descriptions are largely based on limited morphological features. The order Hildenbrandiales is also in a close, apparently obligate, relationship with an endophytic fungus. Apophlaea is a genus in this order currently comprising two described species, both endemic to New Zealand. The morphology of this genus is more complex than that of other members of the Hildenbrandiales as it consists of extensive upright thalli. Sampling of Apophlaea in New Zealand, especially in the southern part of the North Island, has led to the discovery of a genetically distinct entity, that is only crustose. We propose a new species for this entity, Apophlaea darchinoae sp. nov., which is found on rocks in the high intertidal zone. This species has the typical tetrasporangial conceptacles of Apophlaea and no other reproductive structures were observed, and it consists of filaments that are laterally joined by secondary pit connections. Apophlaea darchinoae can be found in sympatry with A. sinclairii in the north of the North Island. We provide molecular evidence for the distinct nature of A. darchinoae and provide observations of extensive fungal filaments within this new species.
Nonlinear spin diffusion and spin rotation in a trapped Fermi gas
Creators: name: Enss, Tilman
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Transverse spin diffusion in a polarized, interacting Fermi gas leads to the Leggett-Rice effect, where the spin current precesses around the local magnetization. With a spin-echo sequence both the transverse diffusivity and the spin-rotation parameter $γ$ are obtained; the sign of $γ$ reveals the repulsive or attractive character of the effective interaction. In a trapped Fermi gas the spin diffusion equations become nonlinear, and their numerical solution exhibits an inhomogeneous spin state even at the spin echo time. While the microscopic diffusivity and $γ$ increase at weak coupling, their apparent values inferred from the trap-averaged magnetization saturate in agreement with a recent experiment for a dilute ultracold Fermi gas.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures; published version
Genetic diversity of sympatric Schizymenia dubyi and S. apoda (Schizymeniaceae, Rhodophyta) in Wellington Harbour, New Zealand
Creators: name: Zuccarello, Giuseppe
name: D’Archino, R
Publisher: name: Open Access Te Herenga Waka-Victoria University of Wellington
Year: 2022
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Schizymenia dubyi is reported as a new introduction in Wellington, which already has introduced S. apoda. These species coexist in tidepools and the crustose sporophyte is for the first time reported from this population. The diversity and species status of these two species was explored using mitochondrial, plastid and nuclear markers. Haplotypes of rbcL in New Zealand samples of S. dubyi match a haplotype found in Australia that was considered as ‘introgressed’ into S. apoda. COI haplotypes of S. dubyi from New Zealand are also similar to specimens from Australia and Europe, although New Zealand S. apoda samples have a unique haplotype. ITS ribotypes of S. dubyi from New Zealand also are shared with Australia and Europe, while again S. apoda ribotypes are unique. Phylogenetic and network analyses show that these two species are very closely related, and the hypothetical ‘introgressed’ nature of specimens is not supported by phylogenetic analyses. In addition, species delimitation methods are not congruent and do not clarify the species status of these two entities. Morphologically, these species are not distinct, except that in S. dubyi the cystocarp ostiole may be in a depression. The apparent incongruence between markers, leading to the hypothesis of introgression, is probably due to the early stages of the speciation process during which species have a ‘paraphyletic’ phase, in which stochastic incomplete lineage sorting leads to ancestral haplotypes being retained differentially, versus hybridization, introgression and non-maternal inheritance of organelles. Whether these two entities are distinct species needs to be reconsidered, as many species criteria are not met (e.g. monophyly) or need to be tested (e.g. reproductive barriers).
There is no APTAS for 2-dimensional vector bin packing: Revisited
Creators: name: Ray, Arka
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Data Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS)
subject: Computational Complexity (cs.CC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We study the Vector Bin Packing and the Vector Bin Covering problems, multidimensional generalizations of the Bin Packing and the Bin Covering problems, respectively. In the Vector Bin Packing, we are given a set of $d$-dimensional vectors from $[0,1]^d$ and the aim is to partition the set into the minimum number of bins such that for each bin $B$, each component of the sum of the vectors in $B$ is at most 1. Woeginger [Woe97] claimed that the problem has no APTAS for dimensions greater than or equal to 2. We note that there was a slight oversight in the original proof. In this work, we give a revised proof using some additional ideas from [BCKS06,CC09]. In fact, we show that it is NP-hard to get an asymptotic approximation ratio better than $\frac{600}{599}$. An instance of Vector Bin Packing is called $δ$-skewed if every item has at most one dimension greater than $δ$. As a natural extension of our general $d$-Dimensional Vector Bin Packing result we show that for $\varepsilon\in (0,\frac{1}{2500})$ it is NP-hard to obtain a $(1+\varepsilon)$-approximation for $δ$-Skewed Vector Bin Packing if $δ>20\sqrt \varepsilon$. In the Vector Bin Covering problem given a set of $d$-dimensional vectors from $[0,1]^d$, the aim is to obtain a family of disjoint subsets (called bins) with the maximum cardinality such that for each bin $B$, each component of the sum of the vectors in $B$ is at least 1. Using ideas similar to our Vector Bin Packing result, we show that for Vector Bin Covering there is no APTAS for dimensions greater than or equal to 2. In fact, we show that it is NP-hard to get an asymptotic approximation ratio better than $\frac{998}{997}$.
description: 10 pages; omitted proof can be found in the source; changes: improved presentation
title: Cibernetica diritto e società
Creators: name: Vittorio Frosini
Publisher: name: Roma TrE-Press
Year: 2023

description:

Originariamente pubblicato nel 1968, è il primo libro in Italia, e fra i primi in Europa, che affronta il tema del rapporto fra la cibernetica e il diritto. A partire da questo libro, verrà data vita a una nuova frontiera degli studi nelle scienze giuridiche e a una nuova disciplina accademica: l’informatica giuridica. Fra i temi trattati nel libro, ancora di vivissima attualità, sono la formazione e gli sviluppi della rivoluzione tecnologica e il significato che ha assunto nella cultura giuridica americana e in quella sovietica; le prospettive aperte dall’avvento dell’automazione nella scienza dell’amministrazione; gli atteggiamenti dei cattolici e dei marxisti verso la nuova ideologia cibernetica; in che senso si possa parlare di una coscienza delle macchine. Viene altresì presentato e discusso anche il problema del diritto artificiale, quale prolegomeno a quello che sarà, a distanza di oltre mezzo secolo, l’intelligenza artificiale applicata al diritto.
title: Turbulent duct flow of non-Newtonian liquids
Creators: name: Elizabeth. Smith, Sarah
Publisher: name: University of Liverpool Repository
Year: 2023

description: The turbulent flow of non-Newtonian fluids in straight ducts has been investigated. Specifically, the fully developed circular pipe flow, axisymmetric sudden expansion flow and fully developed square duct flow were studied. The pipe flow study analysed previous measurements of the mean velocity profiles and friction factor-Reynolds number characteristics of different non-Newtonian fluids in pipe fully developed pipe flows. An investigation of different nondimensional parameters permitted initial progress on developing a correlation between drag reduction and fluid rheology to be made. Comparison of the ranking orders of drag reduction, fluid extensional viscosity and fluid elasticity revealed that these fluid properties are most strongly correlated with drag reduction at low shear/strain rates (that is, in the buffer and outer regions of the boundary layer). The sudden expansion geometry was investigated for flows of aqueous Xanthan gum solution and two reference Newtonian fluids. A smooth contraction was placed at the inlet to the sudden expansion. Few significant differences were observed between the mean flow behaviours of the test fluids for the turbulent Reynolds numbers tested (26,000 and 80,000). These results may reflect the manner in which the rigid, rod-like molecules found in Xanthan gum influence the flow behaviour. Turbulence measurements indicated that all three turbulence components were suppressed for the polymer solution flow within the free shear layer downstream of the expansion. The turbulent flow of two non-Newtonian fluids (a blend ofXanthan gum and Carboxymethylcellulose in water and an aqueous solution of polyacrylamide) in a square duct were compared with a turbulent Newtonian square duct flow. Although suppression of the transverse turbulence components was noted, the polymer solutions also strongly affected the behaviour of the secondary flows found in turbulent non-circular duct flows of Newtonian fluids. Specifically, the secondary flows appeared to be weakened in the polymer blend flow and completely suppressed in the polyacrylamide solution flow. It is anticipated that fluid elasticity is influential in this suppression
Powder diffraction in Bragg-Brentano geometry with straight linear detectors
Creators: name: Kriegner, Dominik
name: Matej, Zdenek
name: Kuzel, Radomir
name: Holy, Vaclav
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A common way of speeding up powder diffraction measurements is the use of one or two dimensional detectors. This usually goes along with worse resolution and asymmetric peak profiles. In this work the influence of a straight linear detector on the resolution function in the Bragg-Brentano focusing geometry is discussed. Due to the straight nature of most modern detectors geometrical defocusing occurs which heavily influences the line shape of diffraction lines at low angles. An easy approach to limit the resolution degrading effects is presented. The presented algorithm selects an adaptive range of channels of the linear detector at low angles, resulting in increased resolution. At higher angles still the whole linear detector is used and the data collection remains fast. Using this algorithm a well-behaved resolution function is obtained in the full angular range, whereas using the full linear detector the resolution function varies within one pattern which hinders line shape and Rietveld analysis.
description: 20 pages, 5 figures
De Novo Methylation of Repeated Sequences in Coprinus Cinereus
Creators: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1993

description: We have examined the stability of duplicated DNA sequences in the sexual phase of the life cycle of the basidiomycete fungus, Coprinus cinereus. We observed premeiotic de novo methylation in haploid nuclei containing either a triplication, a tandem duplication, or an ectopic duplication. Methylation changes were not observed in unique sequences. Repeated sequences underwent methylation changes during the dikaryotic stage. In one cross, 27% of the segregants exhibited methylation-directed gene inactivation. However, all auxotrophs eventually reverted to prototrophy. C to T transition mutations were not observed in this study. Our studies also revealed one inversion that occurred in 50% of the segregants in a single triplication cross, and a single pop-out event that occurred during vegetative growth. These alterations were similar to changes reported in experiments with duplicated sequences in Neurospora crassa and Ascobolus immersus. However, significant differences were also noted. First, the extent of methylation was much less in C. cinereus than in the other two fungi. Second, CpG sequences appeared to be the preferred targets of methylation.
Frequent Changes in the Number of Reiterated Ribosomal RNA Genes Throughout the Life Cycle of the Basidiomycete Coprinus Cinereus
Creators: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1993

description: We have examined the stability of the tandemly repeated genes that encode the ribosomal RNA in Coprinus cinereus. These genes are contained within two linked HindIII fragments in a 3.0-Mb chromosome. We monitored the size of these fragments in both mitotic and meiotic segregants using the contour-clamped homogeneous electric field (CHEF) method. No length changes were observed in the smaller HindIII fragment (100 kb; 10 repeats) among the DNAs prepared from 46 asexual spore derivatives (oidia) or 128 meiotic segregants (basidiospores from 32 tetrads). However, the larger HindIII fragment (1100 kb; 120 repeats) did exhibit variability. Substantial changes, involving up to 40% of the larger HindIII fragment were recorded in 7 of 46 oidial isolates (including 4 of 22 transformed derivatives). To learn if the changes were confined to the vegetative portion of the life cycle, we examined transmission of HindIII variants through three crosses. In the first two crosses (16 tetrads total), no changes were observed in the large HindIII fragment. However, in the third cross (16 tetrads), each tetrad showed at least one alteration. In half of the tetrads from the third cross, the altered patterns segregated 2:2, suggesting that the changes occurred after mating but prior to premeiotic DNA replication. We conclude that breakage and rejoining reactions within the rDNA are frequent and are not confined to any particular stage of the life cycle. It also appears that certain repeats are sheltered from these events. Finally, marked differences in rDNA stability were observed in the crosses analyzed.
Genetic Evidence That the Meiotic Recombination Hotspot at the His4 Locus of Saccharomyces Cerevisiae Does Not Represent a Site for a Symmetrically Processed Double-Strand Break
Creators: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1993

description: In the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the binding of the Rap1 protein to a site located between the 5' end of the HIS4 gene and the 3' end of BIK1 stimulates meiotic recombination at both flanking loci. By using strains that contain mutations located in HIS4 and BIK1, we found that most recombination events stimulated by the binding of Rap1 involve HIS4 or BIK1, rather than bidirectional events including both loci. The patterns of aberrant segregation indicate that most of the Rap1-stimulated recombination events do not represent the symmetric processing of a double-strand DNA break located at the Rap1-binding site.
FedHybrid: A Hybrid Primal-Dual Algorithm Framework for Federated Optimization
Creators: name: Niu, Xiaochun
name: Wei, Ermin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We consider a multi-agent consensus optimization problem over a server-client (federated) network, where all clients are connected to a central server. Current distributed algorithms fail to capture the heterogeneity in clients' local computation capacities. Motivated by the generalized Method of Multipliers in centralized optimization, we derive an approximate Newton-type primal-dual method with a practical distributed implementation by utilizing the server-client topology. Then we propose a new primal-dual algorithm framework FedHybrid that allows different clients to perform various types of updates. Specifically, each client can choose to perform either gradient-type or Newton-type updates. We propose a novel analysis framework for primal-dual methods and obtain a linear convergence rate of FedHybrid for strongly convex functions, regardless of clients' choices of gradient-type or Newton-type updates. Numerical studies are provided to demonstrate the efficacy of our method in practice. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first hybrid algorithmic framework allowing heterogeneous local updates for distributed consensus optimization with a provable convergence and rate guarantee.
Structure and Expression of Hybrid Dysgenesis-Induced Alleles of the Ovarian Tumor (Otu) Gene in Drosophila Melanogaster
Creators: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1993

description: Mutations at the ovarian tumor (otu) gene of Drosophila melanogaster cause female sterility and generate a range of ovarian phenotypes. Quiescent (QUI) mutants exhibit reduced germ cell proliferation; in oncogenic (ONC) mutants germ cells undergo uncontrolled proliferation generating excessive numbers of undifferentiated cells; the egg chambers of differentiated (DIF) mutants differentiate to variable degrees but fail to complete oogenesis. We have examined mutations caused by insertion and deletion of P elements at the otu gene. The P element insertion sites are upstream of the major otu transcription start sites. In deletion derivatives, the P element, regulatory regions and/or protein coding sequences have been removed. In both insertion and deletion mutants, the level of otu expression correlates directly with the severity of the phenotype: the absence of otu function produces the most severe QUI phenotype while the ONC mutants express lower levels of otu than those which are DIF. The results of this study demonstrate that the diverse mutant phenotypes of otu are the consequence of different levels of otu function.
Learning Contact-Rich Manipulation Skills with Guided Policy Search
Creators: name: Levine, Sergey
name: Wagener, Nolan
name: Abbeel, Pieter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Autonomous learning of object manipulation skills can enable robots to acquire rich behavioral repertoires that scale to the variety of objects found in the real world. However, current motion skill learning methods typically restrict the behavior to a compact, low-dimensional representation, limiting its expressiveness and generality. In this paper, we extend a recently developed policy search method \cite{la-lnnpg-14} and use it to learn a range of dynamic manipulation behaviors with highly general policy representations, without using known models or example demonstrations. Our approach learns a set of trajectories for the desired motion skill by using iteratively refitted time-varying linear models, and then unifies these trajectories into a single control policy that can generalize to new situations. To enable this method to run on a real robot, we introduce several improvements that reduce the sample count and automate parameter selection. We show that our method can acquire fast, fluent behaviors after only minutes of interaction time, and can learn robust controllers for complex tasks, including putting together a toy airplane, stacking tight-fitting lego blocks, placing wooden rings onto tight-fitting pegs, inserting a shoe tree into a shoe, and screwing bottle caps onto bottles.
The Male-Specific Lethal-One (Msl-1) Gene of Drosophila Melanogaster Encodes a Novel Protein That Associates with the X Chromosome in Males
Creators: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1993

description: male-specific lethal-one (msl-1) is one of four genes that are required for dosage compensation in Drosophila males. To determine the molecular basis of msl-1 regulation of dosage compensation, we have cloned the gene and characterized its products. The predicted msl-1 protein (MSL-1) has no significant similarity to proteins in the current data bases but contains an acidic N terminus characteristic of proteins involved in transcription and chromatin modeling. We present evidence that the msl-1 protein is associated with hundreds of sites along the length of the X chromosome in male, but not in female, nuclei. Our findings support the hypothesis that msl-1 plays a direct role in increasing the level of X-linked gene transcription in male nuclei.
MOESM1 of Assessment of long-term sickness absence: content and face validity of a new questionnaire based on qualitative data from nominal groups
Creators: name: Goorts, Kaat
name: Vanovenberghe, Charlotte
name: Lambreghts, Charlotte
name: Bruneel, Eline
name: Rusu, Dorina
name: Vandenbroeck, Sofie
name: Lode Godderis
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 1: Table S3. Structure, content, source-questionnaires and scoring* of the questionnaire.
U.S. Foreign Assistance to Agriculture: A Proposed Redirection
Creators: name: Nightingale, Ray W.
name: Urban, Francis S.
name: Hanrahan, Charles E.
name: Nightingale, Ray W.
name: Urban, Francis S.
name: Hanrahan, Charles E.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1982
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: International Development
subject: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession
subject: Development assistance
subject: agricultural policy
subject: research extension
subject: technology change
subject: resource use

description: Changing attitudes towards international assistance and decreased development financing necessitate new programming approaches to insure effective utilization of limited resources. Falling world food production growth rates in the face of increasing demand and increased stress on natural resources, make the acceleration of technological improvements a critical factor in maintaining and increasing the availability of food supplies in both food deficit and food surplus countries. The United States has historically demonstrated an ability to strengthen institutional capacity for agricultural research and extension in other countries. However, this requires continuity and stability in bilateral support. Renewal of efforts in this direction will yield long-term benefit for the United States in agricultural trade, resource conservation, and domestic food costs.
Complex Frameshift Mutations Mediated by Plasmid Pkm101: Mutational Mechanisms Deduced from 4-Aminobiphenyl-Induced Mutation Spectra in Salmonella
Creators: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1994

description: We used colony probe hybridization and polymerase chain reaction/DNA sequence analysis to determine the mutations in ~2,400 4-aminobiphenyl (4-AB) +S9-induced revertants of the -1 frameshift allele hisD3052 and of the base-substitution allele hisG46 of Salmonella typhimurium. Most of the mutations occurred at sites containing guanine, which is the primary base at which 4-AB forms DNA adducts. A hotspot mutation involving the deletion of a CG or GC within the sequence CGCGCGCG accounted for 100 and 99.9%, respectively, of the reversion events at the hisD3052 allele in the pKM101 plasmid-minus strains TA1978 (uvr(+)) and TA1538 (δuvrB). In strain TA98 (δuvrB, pKM101), which contained the SOS DNA repair system provided by the pKM101 plasmid, ~85% of the revertants also contained the hotspot deletion; the remaining ~15% contained one of two types of mutations: (1) complex frameshifts that can be described as a -2 or + 1 frameshift and an associated base substitution and (2) deletions of the CC or GG sequences that flank the hotspot site (CCGCGCGCGG). We propose a misincorporation/slippage model to account for these mutations in which (1) pKM101-mediated misincorporation and translesion synthesis occurs across a 4-AB-adducted guanine; (2) the instability of such a mispairing and/or the presence of the adduct leads to strand slippage in a run of repeated bases adjacent to the adducted guanine; and (3) continued DNA synthesis from the slipped intermediate produces a frameshift associated with a base substitution. This model readily accounts for the deletion of the CC or GG sequences flanking the hotspot site, indicating that these mutations are, in fact, complex mutations in disguise (i.e., cryptic complex frameshifts). The inferred base-substitution specificity associated with the complex frameshifts at the hisD3052 allele (primarily G·C -> T·A transversions) is consistent with the finding that 4-AB induced primarily G·C -> T·A transversions at the hisG46 base-substitution allele. The model also provides a framework for understanding the different relative mutagenic potencies of 4-AB at the two alleles in the various DNA repair backgrounds of Salmonella.
Die  Psalmen und Fest-Lieder für den öffentlichen Gottesdienst der Stadt und Landschaft Bern
Creators: name: Keller, Johann Rudolf
name: Spreng, Johann Jacob
Publisher: name: gedruckt in Hochobrigkeitl. Buchdruckerey, bey Daniel Brunner
Year: 1797

description: Fest-Lieder für den öffentlichen Gottesdienst der Stadt und Landschaft Bern
description: Berner Kirchengesangbuch
description: Vierstimmig
description: Psalmen gemäss A. Fluri übersetzt von Johannes Stapfer, mit den Melodien in der Fassung von Johann Ulrich Sultzberger; Festlieder teilweise verfasst von Johann Rudolf Keller und Johann Jacob Spreng
description: Festlieder mit eigener Titelseite
description: Bernerwappen auf der Titelseite
description: "Kostet ungebunden 10 bz." - Titelseite
description: Handschriftlicher Besitzvermerk auf vorderem fliegendem Vorsatzblatt recto: "Dieses Psalmen Buch Gehört mir Elisabeth Streit Gebürtig auf dem Bälpbärg Wonhaft aber zu Mühlidorf Den 27. Heümonat 1824."; auf hinterem fliegendem Vorsatzblatt verso: "Elisabeth Streitt von Mühlidorf", "Elisabeth Streitt"