cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Parallel triplet formation pathways in a singlet fission material
Creators: name: Maity, Nilabja
name: Kim, Woojae
name: Panjwani, Naitik A.
name: Kundu, Arup
name: Majumder, Kanad
name: Kasetty, Pranav
name: Mishra, Divji
name: Bittl, Robert
name: Nagesh, Jayashree
name: Dasgupta, Jyotishman
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Chemistry
subject: Energy and society
subject: Optics and photonics
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::540 Chemie::540 Chemie und zugeordnete Wissenschaften

description: Harvesting long-lived free triplets in high yields by utilizing organic singlet fission materials can be the cornerstone for increasing photovoltaic efficiencies potentially. However, except for polyacenes, which are the most studied systems in the singlet fission field, spin-entangled correlated triplet pairs and free triplets born through singlet fission are relatively poorly characterized. By utilizing transient absorption and photoluminescence spectroscopy in supramolecular aggregate thin films consisting of Hamilton-receptor-substituted diketopyrrolopyrrole derivatives, we show that photoexcitation gives rise to the formation of spin-0 correlated triplet pair 1(TT) from the lower Frenkel exciton state. The existence of 1(TT) is proved through faint Herzberg-Teller emission that is enabled by vibronic coupling and correlated with an artifact-free triplet-state photoinduced absorption in the near-infrared. Surprisingly, transient electron paramagnetic resonance reveals that long-lived triplets are produced through classical intersystem crossing instead of 1(TT) dissociation, with the two pathways in competition. Moreover, comparison of the triplet-formation dynamics in J-like and H-like thin films with the same energetics reveals that spin-orbit coupling mediated intersystem crossing persists in both. However, 1(TT) only forms in the J-like film, pinpointing the huge impact of intermolecular coupling geometry on singlet fission dynamics.
Quality of Health Care in the United States: Implications for Pediatric Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Creators: name: Kappelman, Michael D
name: Boyle, Brendan M
name: Palmer, Lena
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: The Institute of Medicine’s publications To Error is Human and Crossing the Quality Chasm publicized the widespread deficits in U.S. health care quality. Emerging studies continue to reveal deficits in the quality of adult and pediatric care, including subspecialty care. In recent years, key stakeholders in the health care system including providers, purchasers, and the public have been applying various quality improvement methods to address these concerns. Lessons learned from these efforts in other pediatric conditions, including asthma, cystic fibrosis, neonatal intensive care, and liver transplantation may be applicable to the care of children with inflammatory bowel disease.
Rotational Corrections to Neutron-Star Radius Measurements from Thermal Spectra
Creators: name: Baubock, Michi
name: Ozel, Feryal
name: Psaltis, Dimitrios
name: Morsink, Sharon M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate the rotational broadening in the observed thermal spectra of neutron stars spinning at moderate rates in the Hartle-Thorne approximation. These calculations accurately account for the effects of the second-order Doppler boosts as well as for the oblate shapes and the quadrupole moments of the neutron stars. We find that fitting the spectra and inferring the bolometric fluxes under the assumption that a star is not rotating causes an underestimate of the inferred fluxes and, thus, radii. The correction depends on the stellar spin, radius, and observer's inclination. For a 10 km neutron star spinning at 600 Hz, the rotational correction to the flux is ~1-4%, while for a 15 km neutron star with the same spin period, the correction ranges from 2% for pole-on sources to 12% for edge-on sources. We calculate the inclination-averaged corrections to inferred radii as a function of the neutron-star radius and mass and provide an empirical formula for the corrections. For realistic neutron star parameters (1.4 M$_\odot$, 12 km, 600 Hz), the stellar radius is on the order of 4% larger than the radius inferred under the assumption that the star is not spinning.
description: 10 pages, 8 figures, submitted to ApJ
Semi-Synthetic Glycoconjugate Vaccine Lead Against Acinetobacter baumannii 17978
Creators: name: Sianturi, Julinton
name: Priegue, Patricia
name: Hu, Jing
name: Yin, Jian
name: Seeberger, Peter H.
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Acinetobacter Baumannii
subject: Carbohydrate
subject: Glycans
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Total Synthesis
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::540 Chemie::540 Chemie und zugeordnete Wissenschaften

description: Acinetobacter baumannii is a opportunistic bacterial pathogen responsible for serious nosocomial infections that is becoming increasingly resistant against antibiotics. Capsular polysaccharides (CPS) that cover A. baumannii are a major virulence factor that play an important role in pathogenesis, are used to assign serotypes and provide the basis for vaccine development. Synthetic oligosaccharides resembling the CPS of A. baumannii 17978 were printed onto microarray slides and used to screen sera from patients infected with A. baumannii as well as a monoclonal mouse antibody (mAb C8). A synthetic oligosaccharide emerged from glycan array screening as lead for the development of a vaccine against A. baumannii 17978. Tetrasaccharide 20 is a key epitope for recognition by an antibody and is a vaccine lead.
On accretion in the eclipsing polar BS Tri
Creators: name: Kolbin, A. I.
name: Borisov, N. V.
name: Serebriakova, N. A.
name: Shimansky, V. V.
name: Katysheva, N. A.
name: Gabdeev, M. M.
name: Shugarov, S. Yu.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze spectroscopic and photometric observations of the eclipsing polar BS Tri. The polar's light curve shape variations can be interpreted by changing contributions of the accretion stream to the integral radiation of the system. Based on the radial velocity curves of the irradiated part of the secondary, we refine the masses of the system components, $M_1 = 0.60 \pm 0.04 M_{\odot}$, $M_2 \approx 0.12 M_{\odot}$, and the orbital inclination, $i=85\pm 0.5^{\circ}$. The polar's spectra reveal cyclotron harmonics forming in an accretion spot with a magnetic field strength of $B=22.7 \pm 0.4$ MG and an average temperature of $T \sim 10$ keV. In addition to the cyclotron harmonics, the BS Tri spectra contain Zeeman components of H$α$ line, which are probably formed in the cool halo near the accretion spot. The orientation of the magnetic dipole and the coordinates of the accretion spot are estimated by modeling the light curves of the polar. We show that for a satisfactory description of the BS~Tri light curves we have to take into account the variability of the spot's optical depth along the line of sight. Doppler maps of BS Tri show a part of the accretion stream with a trajectory close to ballistic near the Lagrange point L$_1$, and another part of the stream moving along the magnetic field lines. The estimate of the stagnation region position found from the Doppler tomograms is consistent with the photometric estimates of the accretion spot position.
Some mathematical and computational relations between timbre and color
Creators: name: Mannone, Maria
name: Arias-Valero, Juan Sebastián
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: History and Overview (math.HO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In physics, timbre is a complex phenomenon, like color. Musical timbres are given by the superposition of sinusoidal signals, corresponding to longitudinal acoustic waves. Colors are produced by the superposition of transverse electromagnetic waves in the domain of visible light. Regarding human perception, specific timbre variations provoke effects similar to color variations, for example, a rising tension or a relaxation effect. We aim to create a computational framework to modulate timbres and colors. To this end, we consider categorical groupoids, where colors (timbres) are objects and color variations (timbre variations) are morphisms, and functors between them, which are induced by continuous maps. We also sketch some gestural variations of this scheme. Thus, we try to soften the differences and focus on the similarity of structures.
Content-Aware User Clustering and Caching in Wireless Small Cell Networks
Creators: name: ElBamby, Mohammed S.
name: Bennis, Mehdi
name: Saad, Walid
name: Latva-aho, Matti
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper, the problem of content-aware user clustering and content caching in wireless small cell networks is studied. In particular, a service delay minimization problem is formulated, aiming at optimally caching contents at the small cell base stations (SCBSs). To solve the optimization problem, we decouple it into two interrelated subproblems. First, a clustering algorithm is proposed grouping users with similar content popularity to associate similar users to the same SCBS, when possible. Second, a reinforcement learning algorithm is proposed to enable each SCBS to learn the popularity distribution of contents requested by its group of users and optimize its caching strategy accordingly. Simulation results show that by correlating the different popularity patterns of different users, the proposed scheme is able to minimize the service delay by 42% and 27%, while achieving a higher offloading gain of up to 280% and 90%, respectively, compared to random caching and unclustered learning schemes.
description: In the IEEE 11th International Symposium on Wireless Communication Systems (ISWCS) 2014
Asymptotic Relations Between Interpolation Differences and Zeta Functions
Creators: name: Ganzburg, Michael I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Asymptotic relations between zeta functions (such as, $ζ(s),\,β(s)$, and other Dirichlet $L$-functions) and interpolation differences of functions like $\vert y\vert^s$ and their interpolating entire functions of exponential type $1$ are discussed. New criteria for zeros of the zeta functions in the critical strip in terms of integrability of the interpolation differences are obtained as well.
Socioeconomic status and subjective social status measurement in KiGGS Wave 2
Creators: name: Lampert, Thomas
name: Hoebel, Jens
name: Kuntz, Benjamin
name: Müters, Stephan
name: Kroll, Lars Eric
Publisher: name: Robert Koch-Institutn
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: SOCIOECONOMIC STATUS
subject: SUBJECTIVE SOCIAL STATUS
subject: METHODS
subject: HEALTH MONITORING
subject: KIGGS
subject: 610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: This article describes the method applied to measure socioeconomic status (SES) and subjective social status (SSS) in the current wave of the German Health Interview and Examination Survey for Children and Adolescents (KiGGS Wave 2), which was conducted over three years between 2014 and 2017. The composite multidimensional SES index was calculated as a sum of point scores for the parents’ education level, occupational status and equivalised disposable income. SSS was assessed in the 11 to 17 year age group using a German version of the MacArthur Scale for children and adolescents. To demonstrate the use of both instruments, we present examples that highlight the association between SES and SSS with the general health of children and adolescents in the 3 to 17 and/or 11 to 17 age groups. Over 95% of parents rated the general health of their children as ‘very good’ or ‘good’. However, the analyses clearly reveal that children and adolescents from families with low SES and SSS have poorer general health than their better-off peers. Even when mutually adjusted, both low SES and SSS are independently associated with poorer general health. In addition to the SES index, studies on the health of children and adolescents should therefore also consider SSS. In this way, additional aspects of the socioeconomic conditions of families can be taken into account.
MPEC 2023-U229 : 2023 UN7
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2023 UN7

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Direct Medical Costs of Constipation From Childhood to Early Adulthood: A Population-based Birth Cohort Study
Creators: name: Choung, Rok Seon
name: Shah, Nilay D
name: Katusic, Slavica K
name: Chitkara, Denesh
name: Locke, G Richard
name: Branda, Megan E
name: Van Tilburg, Miranda A
name: Whitehead, William E
name: Talley, Nicholas J
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: Although direct medical costs for constipation-related medical visits are thought to be high, to date there have been no studies examining if longitudinal resource utilization is persistently elevated in children with constipation. Our aim was to estimate the incremental direct medical costs and types of health care utilization associated with constipation from childhood to early adulthood.
Validation of Copernicus Sentinel-3/OLCI Level 2 Land Integrated Water Vapour product
Creators: name: Kalakoski, Niilo
name: Sofieva, Viktoria F.
name: Preusker, René
name: Henocq, Claire
name: Denisselle, Matthieu
name: Dransfeld, Steffen
name: Scifoni, Silvia
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Sentinel-3 Ocean and Land Colour Instrument
subject: Integrated Water Vapour
subject: Validation
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::520 Astronomie::520 Astronomie und zugeordnete Wissenschaften

description: Validation of the Integrated Water Vapour (IWV) from Sentinel-3 Ocean and Land Colour Instrument (OLCI) was performed as a part of the “ESA/Copernicus Space Component Validation for Land Surface Temperature, Aerosol Optical Depth and Water Vapour Sentinel-3 Products” (LAW) project. High-spatial-resolution IWV observations in the near-infrared spectral region from the OLCI instruments aboard the Sentinel-3A and Sentinel-3B satellites provide continuity with observations from MERIS (Medium Resolution Imaging Spectrometer). The IWV was compared with reference observations from two networks: GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) precipitable water vapour from the SuomiNet network and integrated lower tropospheric columns from radio-soundings from the IGRA (Integrated Radiosonde Archive) database. Results for cloud-free matchups over land show a wet bias of 7 %–10 % for OLCI, with a high correlation against the reference observations (0.98 against SuomiNet and 0.90 against IGRA). Both OLCI-A and OLCI-B instruments show almost identical results, apart from an anomaly observed in camera 3 of the OLCI-B instrument, where observed biases are lower than in other cameras in either instrument. The wavelength drift in sensors was investigated, and biases in different cameras were found to be independent of wavelength. Effect of cloud proximity was found to have almost no effect on observed biases, indicating that cloud flagging in the OLCI IWV product is sufficiently reliable. We performed validation of random uncertainty estimates and found them to be consistent with the statistical a posteriori estimates, but somewhat higher.
Appropriateness of Emergency Department Use in Pediatric Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Quality Improvement Opportunity
Creators: name: Park, K.T.
name: Leibowitz, Ian H.
name: Kappelman, Michael D.
name: Tsou, V. Marc
name: Hoffenberg, Edward J.
name: Fridge, Jacqueline
name: Dykes, Dana M.
name: Colletti, Richard B.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: We sought to characterize emergency department (ED) encounters for pediatric inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) to identify areas for prevention.
Quantum Parameter Space of Dissipative Directed Transport
Creators: name: Ermann, Leonardo
name: Carlo, Gabriel G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum manifestations of isoperiodic stable structures (QISSs) have a crucial role in the current behavior of quantum dissipative ratchets. In this context, the simple shape of the ISSs has been conjectured to be an almost exclusive feature of the classical system. This has drastic consequences for many properties of the directed currents, the most important one being that it imposes a significant reduction in their maximum values, thus affecting the attainable efficiency at the quantum level. In this work we prove this conjecture by means of comprehensive numerical explorations and statistical analysis of the quantum states. We are able to describe the quantum parameter space of a paradigmatic system for different values of $\hbar_{\rm eff}$ in great detail. Moreover, thanks to this we provide evidence on a mechanism that we call parametric tunneling by which the sharp classical borders of the regions in parameter space become blurred in the quantum counterpart. We expect this to be a common property of generic dissipative quantum systems.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures
Feasibility and Validity of the Pediatric Ulcerative Colitis Activity Index in Routine Clinical Practice
Creators: name: Crandall, Wallace V.
name: Forrest, Christopher B.
name: Dotson, Jennifer L.
name: Bailey, L. Charles
name: Zhang, Peixin
name: Kappelman, Michael D.
name: Colletti, Richard B.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: The Pediatric Ulcerative Colitis Activity Index (PUCAI) is a non-invasive disease activity index developed as a clinical trial endpoint. More recently, practice guidelines have recommended the use of PUCAI in routine clinical care. We therefore sought to evaluate the feasibility, validity and responsiveness of PUCAI in a large, diverse collection of pediatric gastroenterology practices.
The Magnetic Field of Cloud 3 in L204
Creators: name: Cashman, Lauren R.
name: Clemens, D. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The L204 dark cloud complex is a nearby filamentary structure in Ophiuchus North that has no signs of active star formation. Past studies show that L204 is interacting with the nearby runaway O star, $ζ$ Oph, and hosts a magnetic field that is coherent across parsec-length scales. Near-infrared $H$-band (1.6$μ$m) linear polarization measurements were obtained for 3,896 background stars across a $1°\times 1.5°$ region centered on the dense Cloud 3 in L204, using the Mimir near-infrared instrument on the 1.8m Perkins Telescope. Analysis of these observations reveals both large-scale properties and small-scale changes in the magnetic field direction in Cloud 3. In the northern and western $ζ$ Oph facing regions of the cloud, the magnetic field appears to be pushed up against the face of the cloud. This may indicate that the UV flux from $ζ$ Oph has compressed the magnetic field on the western edge of L204. The plane-of-sky magnetic field strength is estimated to be $\sim 11 - 26$ $μ$G using the Chandrasekhar-Fermi method. The polarimetry data also reveal that the polarization efficiency (PE $\equiv P_{\rm H}/A_{\rm V}$) steadily decreases with distance from $ζ$ Oph ($-0.09 \pm 0.03 \% \, {\rm mag}^{-1} \, {\rm pc}^{-1}$). Additionally, power-law fits of PE versus $A_{\rm V}$ for localized samples of probe stars show steeper negative indices with distance from $ζ$ Oph. Both findings highlight the importance of external illumination, here from $ζ$ Oph, in aligning dust grains to embedded magnetic fields.
description: 13 pages, 14 figures, 1 table
The role of coping with symptoms in depression and disability: Comparison between Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Abdominal Pain
Creators: name: Whitehead, William E.
name: van Tilburg, Miranda A.L.
name: Romano, Joan M.
name: Claar, Robyn L.
name: Christie, Dennis L.
name: Walker, Lynn S.
name: Abdullah, Bisher
name: Levy, Rona L.
name: Langer, Shelby L.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) and abdominal pain of functional origin (AP) are common gastrointestinal disorders in children that are associated with increased risk for depression and disability. Both symptom severity and coping with symptoms may contribute to these outcomes. We hypothesized that children with AP use different coping strategies compared to those with IBD for a number of reasons, including the fact that fewer treatment options are available to them. We also examined if coping was related to depression and functional disability beyond the contributions of symptom severity.
HPV Vaccine Hesitancy: Findings From a Statewide Survey of Health Care Providers
Creators: name: Dempsey, Amanda F.
name: Gilkey, Melissa B.
name: McRee, Annie-Laurie
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: Healthcare provider recommendations are critical for human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine uptake. We sought to describe providers' HPV vaccine recommendation practices and explore their perceptions of parental hesitancy.
Stable single-layer honeycomb like structure of silica
Creators: name: Özçelik, V. Ongun
name: Cahangirov, S.
name: Ciraci, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Silica or SiO$_2$, the main constituent of earth's rocks has several 3D complex crystalline and amorphous phases, but it does not have a graphite like layered structure in 3D. Our theoretical analysis and numerical calculations from the first-principles predict a single-layer honeycomb like allotrope, h$α$-silica, which can be viewed to be derived from the oxidation of silicene and it has intriguing atomic structure with re-entrant bond angles in hexagons. It is a wide band gap semiconductor, which attains remarkable electromechanical properties showing geometrical changes under external electric field. In particular, it is an auxetic metamaterial with negative Poisson's ratio and has a high piezoelectric coefficient. While it can form stable bilayer and multilayer structures, its nanoribbons can show metallic or semiconducting behavior depending on their chirality. Coverage of dangling Si orbitals by foreign adatoms can attribute new functionalities to h$α$-silica. In particular, Si$_2$O$_5$, where Si atoms are saturated by oxygen atoms from top and bottom sides alternatingly can undergo a structural transformation to make silicatene, another stable, single layer structure of silica.
description: Accepted for publication in Physical Review Letters
Headache Symptoms in Pediatric Sickle Cell Patients
Creators: name: Kiska, Raechel E
name: Palermo, Tonya M
name: Platt-Houston, Candis
name: Berman, Brian
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2005

description: The purposes of this study were to determine the characteristics of headaches in children with sickle cell disease (SCD) and to assess the relationship between headache symptoms and children’s physical and emotional status. A detailed headache questionnaire using International Classification of Headache Disorders (ICHD-2) criteria was mailed to a cohort (n = 50) of children with SCD, ages 9 to 17 years. Respondents also completed measures of functional disability and psychological distress. Headaches had occurred over the previous 3-month period in 76.2% of the patients. Frequent headaches were common, occurring greater than once a week in 31.2% of children. Average pain severity was reported as moderate on a 0-to-10 scale (mean = 5.8). Duration of headaches ranged from 30 minutes to several days, with a mean of 5 hours. Based on ICHD-2 criteria, 43.8% of children had headache symptoms consistent with migraines, 6.2% with migraine with aura, and 50.0% with tension-type headaches. Children with symptoms of migraine had significantly greater functional disability compared with children with symptoms of tension-type headaches (P < 0.01). Further studies to determine the characteristics and determinants of headaches experienced in SCD patients will help maximize treatment of headaches and enhance daily functioning in these patients.
Cell-free production of the bifunctional glycoside hydrolase GH78 from Xylaria polymorpha
Creators: name: Knauer, Jan Felix
name: Liers, Christiane
name: Hahn, Stephanie
name: Wuestenhagen, Doreen A.
name: Zemella, Anne
name: Kellner, Harald
name: Haueis, Lisa
name: Hofrichter, Martin
name: Kubick, Stefan
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Rhamnosidase
subject: Esterase
subject: Xylariales
subject: Cell-free protein synthesis
subject: Immobilization
subject: Template design
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie

description: The ability to catalyze diverse reactions with relevance for chemical and pharmaceutical research and industry has led to an increasing interest in fungal enzymes. There is still an enormous potential considering the sheer amount of new enzymes from the huge diversity of fungi. Most of these fungal enzymes have not been characterized yet due to the lack of high throughput synthesis and analysis methods. This bottleneck could be overcome by means of cell-free protein synthesis. In this study, cell-free protein synthesis based on eukaryotic cell lysates was utilized to produce a functional glycoside hydrolase (GH78) from the soft-rot fungus Xylaria polymorpha (Ascomycota). The enzyme was successfully synthesized under different reaction conditions. We characterized its enzymatic activities and immobilized the protein via FLAG-Tag interaction. Alteration of several conditions including reaction temperature, template design and lysate supplementation had an influence on the activity of cell-free synthesized GH78. Consequently this led to a production of purified GH78 with a specific activity of 15.4 U mg− 1. The results of this study may be foundational for future high throughput fungal enzyme screenings, including substrate spectra analysis and mutant screenings.
Compactifications of Log Morphisms
Creators: name: Grosse-Klönne, Elmar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We introduce the notion of a relative log scheme with boundary: a morphism of log schemes together with a (log schematically) dense open immersion of its source into a third log scheme. The sheaf of relative log differentials naturally extends to this compactification and there is a notion of smoothness for such data. We indicate how this weak sort of compactification may be used to develop useful de Rham and crystalline cohomology theories for semistable log schemes over the log point over a field which are not necessarily proper.
Use of a Tool to Determine Perceived Barriers to Children's Healthy Eating and Physical Activity and Relationships to Health Behaviors
Creators: name: Skinner, Asheley Cockrell
name: Wegner, Steven
name: Perrin, Eliana M.
name: Benjamin, John T.
name: Jacobson Vann, Julie C.
name: Finkle, Joanne
name: Ammerman, Alice
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: This pilot investigation assesses whether barriers to children’s healthy eating and physical activity reported by parents on a newly developed brief pediatric obesity screening and counseling tool are related to healthy eating and physical activity behaviors. The sample included parents of 115 Medicaid-enrolled children in a general pediatric clinic. Of 10 barriers, 7 were statistically associated with parent-reported behaviors with odds ratios (ORs) ranging from 0.6 to 9.4. Relationships remained significant when child characteristics were controlled in the analysis. Although additional testing is needed, the tool provides clinicians with an approach to identify barriers and behaviors for targeted counseling.
Image Classification with Small Datasets: Overview and Benchmark
Creators: name: Brigato, L.
name: Barz, B.
name: Iocchi, L.
name: Denzler, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Image classification with small datasets has been an active research area in the recent past. However, as research in this scope is still in its infancy, two key ingredients are missing for ensuring reliable and truthful progress: a systematic and extensive overview of the state of the art, and a common benchmark to allow for objective comparisons between published methods. This article addresses both issues. First, we systematically organize and connect past studies to consolidate a community that is currently fragmented and scattered. Second, we propose a common benchmark that allows for an objective comparison of approaches. It consists of five datasets spanning various domains (e.g., natural images, medical imagery, satellite data) and data types (RGB, grayscale, multispectral). We use this benchmark to re-evaluate the standard cross-entropy baseline and ten existing methods published between 2017 and 2021 at renowned venues. Surprisingly, we find that thorough hyper-parameter tuning on held-out validation data results in a highly competitive baseline and highlights a stunted growth of performance over the years. Indeed, only a single specialized method dating back to 2019 clearly wins our benchmark and outperforms the baseline classifier.
description: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2108.13122
Differences in acute phase response to bacterial, fungal and viral antigens in greater mouse-eared bats (Myotis myotis)
Creators: name: Seltmann, Anne
name: Troxell, Sara A.
name: Schad, Julia
name: Fritze, Marcus
name: Bailey, Liam D.
name: Voigt, Christian C.
name: Czirják, Gábor Á.
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Ecophysiology
subject: Innate immunity
subject: acute phase response
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie

description: The acute phase response (APR) is an evolutionarily well-conserved part of the innate immune defense against pathogens. However, recent studies in bats yielded surprisingly diverse results compared to previous APR studies on both vertebrate and invertebrate species. This is especially interesting due to the known role of bats as reservoirs for viruses and other intracellular pathogens, while being susceptible to extracellular microorganisms such as some bacteria and fungi. To better understand these discrepancies and the reservoir-competence of bats, we mimicked bacterial, viral and fungal infections in greater mouse-eared bats (Myotis myotis) and quantified different aspects of the APR over a two-day period. Individuals reacted most strongly to a viral (PolyI:C) and a bacterial (LPS) antigen, reflected by an increase of haptoglobin levels (LPS) and an increase of the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte-ratio (PolyI:C and LPS). We did not detect fever, leukocytosis, body mass loss, or a change in the overall functioning of the innate immunity upon challenge with any antigen. We add evidence that bats respond selectively with APR to specific pathogens and that the activation of different parts of the immune system is species-specific.
Breast-feeding Success Among Infants With Phenylketonuria
Creators: name: Knafl, Kathleen A.
name: Shelton, Kathleen C.
name: Lowe, Nancy D.
name: Houck, Gail M.
name: Banta-Wright, Sandra A.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: Breast milk is the nutrition of choice for human infants (American Academy of Pediatrics, 2005; American Association of Family Physicians, 2008; Association of Women's Health Obstetric and Neonatal Nurses, 2005; Canadian Paediatric Society, 2005; U.S. Preventive Services Task Force, 2008; World Health Organization, 2009). In comparison to standard commercial formula, human breast milk has a lower concentration of protein and a lower content of the amino acid phenylalanine (Phe). For infants with phenylketonuria (PKU), these attributes of human breast milk make it ideal as a base source of nutrition. The purpose of this study was to compare the incidence and duration of breast-feeding and corresponding Phe levels of breast-fed and formula-fed infants with PKU in the caseload of a pediatric metabolic clinic at an urban tertiary-care medical center. Charts were reviewed for infants diagnosed with PKU beginning with 2005 and ending with 1980, the year no further breast-feeding cases were identified in the PKU population. During the first year of life, most of the infants, whether breast-fed or formula-fed, had similar mean Phe levels. However, the frequency distributions revealed that more breast-fed infants with PKU had Phe levels within the normal range (120-360 μmol/L) and were less likely to have low Phe levels (<120 μmol/L) than formula-fed infants with PKU. Further research is needed to understand how mothers manage breast-feeding in the context of PKU.
On the relation between the 0.7-anomaly and the Kondo effect: Geometric Crossover between a Quantum Point Contact and a Kondo Quantum Dot
Creators: name: Heyder, Jan
name: Bauer, Florian
name: Schubert, Enrico
name: Borowsky, David
name: Schuh, Dieter
name: Wegscheider, Werner
name: von Delft, Jan
name: Ludwig, Stefan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum point contacts (QPCs) and quantum dots (QDs), two elementary building blocks of semiconducting nanodevices, both exhibit famously anomalous conductance features: the 0.7-anomaly in the former case, the Kondo effect in the latter. For both the 0.7-anomaly and the Kondo effect, the conductance shows a remarkably similar low-energy dependence on temperature $T$, source-drain voltage $V_{\rm sd}$ and magnetic field $B$. In a recent publication [F. Bauer et al., Nature, 501, 73 (2013)], we argued that the reason for these similarities is that both a QPC and a KQD feature spin fluctuations that are induced by the sample geometry, confined in a small spatial regime, and enhanced by interactions. Here we further explore this notion experimentally and theoretically by studying the geometric crossover between a QD and a QPC, focussing on the $B$-field dependence of the conductance. We introduce a one-dimensional model that reproduces the essential features of the experiments, including a smooth transition between a Kondo QD and a QPC with 0.7-anomaly. We find that in both cases the anomalously strong negative magnetoconductance goes hand in hand with strongly enhanced local spin fluctuations. Our experimental observations include, in addition to the Kondo effect in a QD and the 0.7-anomaly in a QPC, Fano interference effects in a regime of coexistence between QD and QPC physics, and Fabry-Perot-type resonances on the conductance plateaus of a clean QPC. We argue that Fabry-Perot-type resonances occur generically if the electrostatic potential of the QPC generates a flatter-than-parabolic barrier top.
Limited Earthquake Interaction During a Geothermal Hydraulic Stimulation in Helsinki, Finland
Creators: name: Kwiatek, Grzegorz
name: Martínez-Garzón, Patricia
name: Davidsen, Jörn
name: Malin, Peter
name: Karjalainen, Aino
name: Bohnhoff, Marco
name: Dresen, Georg
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: induced seismicity
subject: hydraulic stimulation
subject: earthquake clustering
subject: earthquake interactions
subject: Poissonian distribution
subject: magnitude correlations
subject: interevent times
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::550 Geowissenschaften, Geologie::550 Geowissenschaften

description: We investigate induced seismicity associated with a hydraulic stimulation campaign performed in 2020 in the 5.8 km deep geothermal OTN-2 well near Helsinki, Finland as part of the St1 Deep Heat project. A total of 2,875 m3 of fresh water was injected during 16 days at well-head pressures <70 MPa and with flow rates between 400 and 1,000 L/min. The seismicity was monitored using a high-resolution seismic network composed of 10 borehole geophones surrounding the project site and a borehole array of 10 geophones located in adjacent OTN-3 well. A total of 6,121 induced earthquakes with local magnitudes urn:x-wiley:21699313:media:jgrb55848:jgrb55848-math-0001 were recorded during and after the stimulation campaign. The analyzed statistical parameters include magnitude-frequency b-value, interevent time and interevent time ratio, as well as magnitude correlations. We find that the b-value remained stationary for the entire injection period suggesting limited stress build-up or limited fracture network coalescence in the reservoir. The seismicity during the stimulation neither shows signatures of magnitude correlations, nor temporal clustering or anticlustering beyond those arising from varying injection rates. The interevent time statistics are characterized by a Poissonian time-varying distribution. The calculated parameters indicate no earthquake interaction. Focal mechanisms suggest that the injection activated a spatially distributed network of similarly oriented fractures. The seismicity displays stable behavior with no signatures pointing toward a runaway event. The cumulative seismic moment is proportional to the cumulative hydraulic energy and the maximum magnitude is controlled by injection rate. The performed study provides a base for implementation of time-dependent probabilistic seismic hazard assessment for the project site.
NOVEL POLY(AMIDOAMINE) NANOPARTICLES DESIGNED FOR DRUG DELIVERY TO THE CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM
Creators: name: GEVORGYAN, SMBAT
Publisher: name: Universit� degli Studi di Milano
Year: 2016

description: With the aging population, central nervous system diseases are becoming increasingly widespread. However, the treatment of such diseases represents a challenge mainly due to the presence of the blood-brain barrier, which effectively blocks most of drugs to pass into the central nervous system and impedes the treatment of diseases. Therefore, effective ways of drug transport to the central nervous system are highly required. Polymeric nanoparticles are drug delivery vectors that have high specificity to their targeted sites and increasingly enhance the stability of encapsulated drugs. Poly(amidoamines) are a promising family of synthetic polymers that can be used in nanoparticles synthesis. Nanoparticles synthesized from linear poly(amidoamines) show very good biocompatibility levels and specific targeting properties. Nevertheless, those nanoparticles are mainly synthesized by self-assembly and usually lack long-term stability. In this study we developed innovative poly(amidoamine) nanoparticles synthesized by ultraviolet light assisted photo-crosslinking. The synthesis method had an advantage of being simple, did not require toxic organic solvents and was shown to be easily scaled-up. Moreover, poly(amidoamine) nanoparticles were coated by Polysorbate 80 surfactant, which not only increased the nanoparticles stability but also gave them central nervous system targeting properties. Poly(amidoamine) nanoparticles were able to successfully encapsulate model therapeutic compounds and release them in a slow and controlled manner. Furthermore, the nanoparticles showed high permeability levels across an in vitro blood brain barrier model. The developed poly(amidoamine) nanoparticles show great potential to be used as delivery vectors to the central nervous system.
Front Propagation in Stochastic Neural Fields: A Rigorous Mathematical Framework
Creators: name: Krüger, Jennifer
name: Stannat, Wilhelm
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60H20, 60H25, 92C20

description: We develop a complete and rigorous mathematical framework for the analysis of stochastic neural field equations under the influence of spatially extended additive noise. By comparing a solution to a fixed deterministic front profile it is possible to realise the difference as strong solution to an $L^2(\mathbb{R})$-valued SDE. A multiscale analysis of this process then allows us to obtain rigorous stability results. Here a new representation formula for stochastic convolutions in the semigroup approach to linear function-valued SDE with adapted random drift is applied. Additionally, we introduce a dynamic phase-adaption process of gradient type.
description: 17 pages. Accepted for publication in SIAM Journal on Applied Dynamical Systems (SIADS)
A Note on Sharp Multivariate Bernstein- and Markov-Type Inequalities
Creators: name: Ganzburg, Michael I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Let $V$ be a symmetric convex body in $\R^m$. We prove sharp Bernstein-type inequalities for entire functions of exponential type with the spectrum in $V$ and discuss certain properties of the extremal functions. Markov-type inequalities with sharp constants for algebraic polynomials on $V$ and certain non-symmetric convex bodies are proved as well.
Patterns of Family Management of Childhood Chronic Conditions and Their Relationship to Child and Family Functioning
Creators: name: Dixon, Jane
name: Grey, Margaret
name: Gallo, Agatha M.
name: Knafl, Kathleen A.
name: Knafl, George J.
name: Deatrick, Janet A.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: Understanding patterns of family response to childhood chronic conditions based on a configuration of multiple variables or qualitative themes provides a comprehensive understanding of health-related challenges and their influence on family and child functioning. In this paper, we used the six scales comprising the Family Management Measure (FaMM) in a cluster analysis to describe a typology of family management and data from other measures of child and family functioning to validate and explain those clusters. The sample of 575 parents from 414 families of children who had diverse chronic conditions endorsed four patterns of response (Family Focused, Somewhat Family Focused, Somewhat Condition Focused, Condition Focused). We also considered the extent to which couples had shared or discrepant views of family management. Most (57%) families were in either the Family Focused or Somewhat Family Focused pattern. Single mothers were significantly less likely to be in the two patterns reflecting greater ease in family management and significantly more likely to be in the two patterns reflecting more difficulty. Patterns of family management were related significantly to family and child functioning, with families in the Family Focused and Somewhat Family Focused patterns demonstrating significantly better family and child functioning than families in the other two patterns.
SYNTHESIS OF NEW CONFORMATIONALLY CONSTRAINED BETA-SULFANYL-ALFA- AMINO ACIDS AND THEIR EXPLOITATION IN THE SYNTHESIS OF PEPTIDOMIMETICS
Creators: name: RUFFONI, ALESSANDRO
Publisher: name: Universit� degli Studi di Milano
Year: 2014

description: Considering the great interest in the field of peptidomimetics and the potentiality of the norbornene scaffold, this thesis has been primarily devoted to the synthesis and exploitation a of new class of ?-substituted norbornene amino acids as cysteine mimics. The project has been developed with the aim to fill the gap unexpectedly present in the literature in this field and to confirm the unexploited properties of norbornene amino acid as potential building block for peptidomimetics synthesis. At first, we followed the purpose to individuate a novel synthetic strategy to obtain, not only simple but also highly functionalized, norbornene scaffold in grams scale synthesis, in order to make possible further developments in this field and interesting practical applications. Subsequently, we set out to design, realize and conformationally analyze model peptides containing norbornene amino acids in order to demonstrate the ability of such compounds to behave as strong inducers of helical structure and the possibility to be used in the synthesis of unnatural peptides of therapeutic interest. Finally, we explored the field of small molecules as peptidomimetics and demonstrated the advantage of rigid core in the development of new drugs. To do this, we planned to design and realise new chemical entities based on an extensively modified norbornene scaffold which have shown high activity in modulation of Rac1-Tiam1 protein-protein interactions resulting in a new class of potent inhibitors.. During the synthesis of such molecules we also launched a study aiming to better understand which kind of effects a constrained chemical structure, as norbornene scaffold, could have on the regiochemistry in palladium chemistry, imposing a methodic analysis of the steric and electronic effects in the reaction mechanisms.
LCOGT Network Observatory Operations
Creators: name: Pickles, Andrew
name: Hjelstrom, Annie
name: Boroson, Todd
name: Burleson, Ben
name: Conway, Patrick
name: de Vera, Jon
name: Elphick, Mark
name: Haworth, Brian
name: Rosing, Wayne
name: Saunders, Eric
name: Thomas, Doug
name: White, Gary
name: Willis, Mark
name: Walker, Zach
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe the operational capabilities of the Las Cumbres Observatory Global Telescope Network. We summarize our hardware and software for maintaining and monitoring network health. We focus on methodologies to utilize the automated system to monitor availability of sites, instruments and telescopes, to monitor performance, permit automatic recovery, and provide automatic error reporting. The same jTCS control system is used on telescopes of apertures 0.4m, 0.8m, 1m and 2m, and for multiple instruments on each. We describe our network operational model, including workloads, and illustrate our current tools, and operational performance indicators, including telemetry and metrics reporting from on-site reductions. The system was conceived and designed to establish effective, reliable autonomous operations, with automatic monitoring and recovery - minimizing human intervention while maintaining quality. We illustrate how far we have been able to achieve that.
description: 13 pages, 9 figures