cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Formulae for the number of non-negative integer solutions of linear Diophantine equation and inequality
Creators: name: Samsonadze, Eteri
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11D45, 11D04, 11D75

description: New formulae are presented for the number $P(b)$ of non-negative integer solutions of a Diophantine equation $\sum_{i=1}^{n}a_ix_i=b$ and for the number $Q(b)$ of non-negative integer solutions of the Diophantine inequality $\sum_{i=1}^{n}a_ix_i\leq b$ $(a_i>0, b\geq 0$).
description: The English version of the paper published in Proc. Tbilisi State University in 1983
On the recognition of the game type based on physiological signals and eye tracking
Creators: name: Czekaj, Łukasz
name: Radzinski, Łukasz
name: Kolimaga, Mateusz
name: Domaszewicz, Jakub
name: Kitłowski, Robert
name: Szwoch, Mariusz
name: Duch, Włodzisław
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Automated interpretation of signals yields many impressive applications from the area of affective computing and human activity recognition (HAR). In this paper we ask the question about possibility of cognitive activity recognition on the base of particular set of signals. We use recognition of the game played by the participant as a playground for exploration of the problem. We build classifier of three different games (Space Invaders, Tetris, Tower Defence) and inter-game pause. We validate classifier in the player-independent and player-dependent scenario. We discuss the improvement in the player-dependent scenario in the context of biometric person recognition. On the base of the results obtained in game classification, we consider potential applications in smart surveillance and quantified self.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures, extended version of ESM paper
Stress exposure and sensitivity in the clinical high-risk syndrome: Initial findings from the North American Prodrome Longitudinal Study (NAPLS)
Creators: name: Cornblatt, Barbara A.
name: Cannon, Tyrone D.
name: Bearden, Carrie E.
name: Addington, Jean M.
name: Trotman, Hanan D.
name: Cadenhead, Kristin S.
name: Heinssen, Robert K.
name: Holtzman, Carrie W.
name: Mathalon, Daniel H.
name: Tsuang, Ming T.
name: Perkins, Diana O.
name: Walker, Elaine F.
name: Seidman, Larry J.
name: McGlashan, Thomas H.
name: Woods, Scott W.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: There is inconsistent evidence for increased stress exposure among individuals at clinical high risk (CHR) for psychosis. Yet, similar to patients with a diagnosed psychotic illness, the preponderance of evidence suggests that CHR individuals tend to experience stressful life events (LE) and daily hassles (DH) as more subjectively stressful than healthy individuals. The present study utilizes data from the North American Prodrome Longitudinal Study Phase 2 (NAPLS-2) to test the hypotheses that 1) CHR individuals manifest higher self-reported stress in response to both LE and DH, when compared to healthy controls (HC), 2) group differences in self-reported stress increase with age, 3) baseline self-reported stress is associated with follow-up clinical status, and 4) there is a sensitization effect of LE on the response to DH. In contrast to some previous research, the present findings indicate that the CHR group (N= 314) reported exposure to more LE when compared to the HC group (N=162). As predicted, CHR participants rated events as more stressful, and those who progressed to psychosis reported a greater frequency of LE and greater stress from events compared to those whose prodromal symptoms remitted. There was also some evidence of stress-sensitization; those who experienced more stress from LE rated current DH as more stressful. The results indicate that the “prodromal” phase is a period of heightened stress and stress sensitivity, and elevated cumulative lifetime exposure to stressful events may increase reactions to current stressors.
Demographic correlates of attenuated positive psychotic symptoms
Creators: name: MacDonald, Allison
name: Trotman, Hanan D.
name: Goines, Katrina
name: Heinssen, Robert
name: McGlashan, Thomas H.
name: Tsuang, Ming T.
name: Cadenhead, Kristin S.
name: Elaine F., Walker
name: Cannon, Tyrone D.
name: Mathalon, Daniel H.
name: Bearden, Carrie E.
name: Addington, Jean
name: Waford, Rachel N.
name: Cornblatt, Barbara A.
name: Seidman, Larry J.
name: Novacek, Derek M.
name: Perkins, Diana O.
name: Woods, Scott W.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: It is now well established that the utilization of standardized clinical criteria can enhance prediction of psychosis. These criteria are primarily concerned with the presence and severity of attenuated positive symptoms. Because these symptom criteria are used to derive algorithms for designating clinical high risk (CHR) status and for maximizing prediction of psychosis risk, it is important to know whether the symptom ratings vary as a function of demographic factors that have previously been linked with symptoms in diagnosed psychotic patients. Using a sample of 356 CHR individuals from the NAPLS-II multi-site study, we examined the relation of three sex, age, and educational level, with the severity of attenuated positive symptom scores from the Scale of Prodromal Symptoms (SOPS). Demographic factors accounted for little of the variance in symptom ratings (5–6%). Older CHR individuals manifested more severe suspiciousness, and female CHR participants reported more unusual perceptual experiences than male participants. Contrary to prediction, higher educational level was associated with more severe ratings of unusual thought content, but less severe perceptual abnormalities. Overall, sex, age and education were modestly related to unusual thought content and perceptual abnormalities, only, suggesting minimal implication for designating CHR status and predicting psychosis-risk.
Determinants of different aspects of everyday outcome in schizophrenia: The roles of negative symptoms, cognition, and functional capacity
Creators: name: Sabbag, Samir
name: O'Gorman, Cedric
name: Bowie, Christopher R.
name: Pinkham, Amy
name: Strassnig, Martin T.
name: Patterson, Thomas L.
name: Raykov, Tenko
name: Harvey, Philip D.
name: Penn, David L.
name: Durand, Dante
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: Cognition, negative symptoms, and depression are potential predictors of disability in schizophrenia. We present analyses of pooled data from four separate studies (all n>169; total n=821) that assessed differential aspects of disability and their potential determinants. We hypothesized that negative symptoms would predict social outcomes, but not vocational functioning or everyday activities and that cognition and functional capacity would predict vocational functioning and everyday activities but not social outcomes. The samples were rated by clinician informants for their everyday functioning in domains of social and vocational outcomes, and everyday activities, examined with assessments of cognition and functional capacity, rated clinically with the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) and self-reporting depression. We computed a model that tested the hypotheses described above and compared it to a model that predicted that negative symptoms, depression, cognition, and functional capacity had equivalent influences on all aspects of everyday functioning. The former, specific relationship model fit the data adequately and we subsequently confirmed a similar fit within all four samples. Analyses of the relative goodness of fit suggested that this specific model fit the data better than the more general, equivalent influence predictor model. We suggest that treatments aimed at cognition may not affect social functioning as much as other aspects of disability, a finding consistent with earlier research on the treatment of cognitive deficits in schizophrenia, while negative symptoms predicted social functioning. These relationships are central features of schizophrenia and treatment efforts should be aimed accordingly.
Architecture Design of a Networked Music Performance Platform for a Chamber Choir
Creators: name: Cychnerski, Jan
name: Mróz, Bartłomiej
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: Multimedia (cs.MM)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper describes an architecture design process for Networked Music Performance (NMP) platform for medium-sized conducted music ensembles, based on remote rehearsals of Academic Choir of Gdansk University of Technology. The issues of real-time remote communication, in-person music performance, and NMP are described. Three iterative steps defining and extending the architecture of the NMP platform with additional features to enhance its utility in remote rehearsals are presented. The first iteration uses a regular video conferencing platform, the second iteration uses dedicated NMP devices and tools, and the third iteration adds video transmission and utilizes professional low-latency audio and video workstations. For each iteration, the platform architecture is defined and deployed with simultaneous usability tests. Its strengths and weaknesses are identified through qualitative and quantitative measurements - statistical analysis shows a significant improvement in rehearsal quality after each iteration. The final optimal architecture is described and concluded with guidelines for creating NMP systems for said music ensembles.
ToxicChat: Unveiling Hidden Challenges of Toxicity Detection in Real-World User-AI Conversation
Creators: name: Lin, Zi
name: Wang, Zihan
name: Tong, Yongqi
name: Wang, Yangkun
name: Guo, Yuxin
name: Wang, Yujia
name: Shang, Jingbo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Despite remarkable advances that large language models have achieved in chatbots, maintaining a non-toxic user-AI interactive environment has become increasingly critical nowadays. However, previous efforts in toxicity detection have been mostly based on benchmarks derived from social media content, leaving the unique challenges inherent to real-world user-AI interactions insufficiently explored. In this work, we introduce ToxicChat, a novel benchmark based on real user queries from an open-source chatbot. This benchmark contains the rich, nuanced phenomena that can be tricky for current toxicity detection models to identify, revealing a significant domain difference compared to social media content. Our systematic evaluation of models trained on existing toxicity datasets has shown their shortcomings when applied to this unique domain of ToxicChat. Our work illuminates the potentially overlooked challenges of toxicity detection in real-world user-AI conversations. In the future, ToxicChat can be a valuable resource to drive further advancements toward building a safe and healthy environment for user-AI interactions.
Effects of sex, menstrual cycle phase, and endogenous hormones on cognition in schizophrenia
Creators: name: Sweeney, John A.
name: Maki, Pauline M.
name: Rubin, Leah H.
name: Pournajafi-Nazarloo, Hossein
name: Drogos, Lauren L.
name: Carter, C. Sue
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: In women with schizophrenia, cognition has been shown to be enhanced following administration of hormone therapy or oxytocin. We examined how natural hormonal changes across the menstrual cycle influence cognition in women with schizophrenia. We hypothesized that female patients would perform better on “female-dominant” tasks (verbal memory/fluency) and worse on “male-dominant” tasks (visuospatial) during the early follicular phase (low estradiol and progesterone) compared to midluteal phase (high estradiol and progesterone) in relation to estradiol but not progesterone.
Patterns of premorbid functioning in individuals at clinical high risk of psychosis
Creators: name: Woods, Scott
name: Addington, Jean
name: Lyngberg, Kristina
name: Perkins, Diana
name: Buchy, Lisa
name: Liu, Lu
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: In schizophrenia, four typical patterns of premorbid functioning have been observed: stable-good, stable-intermediate, poor-deteriorating and deteriorating. However, it is unknown whether similar patterns exist in those who are at clinical high risk (CHR) of psychosis. The aim of this study was to examine patterns of premorbid functioning in a large sample of individuals at CHR of psychosis and its association with symptoms, functioning, and conversion to psychosis. One-hundred sixty people at CHR of psychosis were assessed on premorbid functioning using the Premorbid Adjustment Scale. Poorer premorbid functioning was significantly correlated with worse negative symptom severity and lower social functioning. Cluster analysis was used to identify patterns of premorbid functioning. Results indicated three patterns of premorbid functioning in our CHR sample: stable-intermediate, stable-good, and deteriorating. The deteriorating group had more severe disorganization, worse negative symptoms and poorer social functioning than the other groups. Participants who made the conversion to psychosis had significantly poorer premorbid functioning during adolescence compared to those who did not convert. These results suggest that those at a clinical high risk for psychosis display similar patterns in premorbid functioning as have been observed in those with a psychotic illness and that poor premorbid functioning may be a predictor of psychosis.
Childhood environment influences epigenetic age and methylation concordance of a CpG clock locus in British-Bangladeshi migrants
Creators: name: Stöger, Reinhard
name: Choi, Minseung
name: Begum, Khurshida
name: Leeman, Gregory
name: Emes, Richard D.
name: Melamed, Philippa
name: Bentley, Gillian R.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer

description: Migration from one location to another often comes with a change in environmental conditions. Here, we analysed features of DNA methylation in young, adult British-Bangladeshi women who experienced different environments during their childhoods: a) migrants, who grew up in Bangladesh with exposure to comparatively higher pathogen loads and poorer health care, and b) second-generation British-Bangladeshis, born to Bangladeshi parents, who grew up in the UK. We used buccal DNA to estimate DNA methylation-based age (DNAm age) from 14 migrants and 11 second-generation migrants, aged 18–35 years. ‘AgeAccel,’ a measure of DNAm age, independent of chronological age, showed that the group of women who spent their childhood in Bangladesh had higher AgeAccel (P = 0.028), compared to their UK peers. Since epigenetic clocks have been proposed to be associated with maintenance processes of epigenetic systems, we evaluated the preference for concordant DNA methylation at the luteinizing hormone/choriogonadotropin receptor (LHCGR/LHR) locus, which harbours one of the CpGs contributing to Horvath’s epigenetic clock. Measurements on both strands of individual, double-stranded DNA molecules indicate higher stability of DNA methylation states at this LHCGR/LHR locus in samples of women who grew up in Bangladesh. Together, our two independent analytical approaches imply that childhood environments may induce subtle changes that are detectable long after exposure occurred, which might reflect altered activity of the epigenetic maintenance system or a difference in the proportion of cell types in buccal tissue. This exploratory work supports our earlier findings that adverse childhood environments lead to phenotypic life history trade-offs.
Imaging of Shear Waves Induced by Lorentz Force in Soft Tissues
Creators: name: Grasland-Mongrain, Pol
name: Souchon, Rémi
name: Cartellier, Florian
name: Zorgani, Ali
name: Chapelon, Jean-Yves
name: Lafon, Cyril
name: Catheline, Stefan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This study presents the first observation of elastic shear waves generated in soft solids using a dynamic electromagnetic field. The first and second experiments of this 5 study showed that Lorentz force can induce a displacement in a soft phantom and that this displacement was detectable by an ultrasound scanner using speckle-tracking algorithms. For a 100 mT magnetic field and a 10 ms, 100 mA peak-to-peak electrical burst, the displacement reached a magnitude of 1 um. In the third experiment, we showed that Lorentz force can induce shear waves in a phantom. A physical model 10 using electromagnetic and elasticity equations was proposed. Computer simulations were in good agreement with experimental results. The shear waves induced by Lorentz force were used in the last experiment to estimate the elasticity of a swine liver sample.
Additional file 1 of The perceptions of Lithuanian hunters towards African swine fever using a participatory approach
Creators: name: Stončiūtė, Evelina
name: Malakauskas, Alvydas
name: Conraths, Franz J.
name: Masiulis, Marius
name: Sauter-Louis, Carola
name: Schulz, Katja
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1: Table 1. Semi-structured interview: Coding structure and response frequency of participatory meetings with hunters in Lithuania. Figure 1. Values of the average trust in the performance of stakeholders listed in the flow diagram to effectively implement ASF control measures in Lithuania. Figure 2. Visualization tools to define quantity and quality of the contact between hunters and other stakeholders involved in the ASF network.
Photoproduction of doubly heavy baryon at the ILC
Creators: name: Chen, Gu
name: Wu, Xing-Gang
name: Sun, Zhan
name: Ma, Yang
name: Fu, Hai-Bing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the present paper, we make a detailed study on the doubly heavy baryon photoproduction in the future $e^+e^-$ International Linear Collider (ILC). The baryons $Ξ_{cc}$, $Ξ_{bc}$, and $Ξ_{bb}$ are produced via the channel $γγ\to Ξ_{QQ'} +\bar{Q'} +\bar{Q}$, where $Q$ and $Q'$ stand for heavy $c$ or $b$ quark, respectively. As for the $Ξ_{QQ'}$-baryon production, it shall first generate a $(QQ')[n]$-diquark and then form the final baryon via fragmentation, where $[n]$ stands for the color- and spin- configurations for the $(QQ')$-diquark states. According to the non-relativistic QCD theory, four diquark configurations shall provide sizable contributions to the baryon production, e.g., $[n]$ equals $[^3S_1]_{\bar{\textbf{3}}}$, $[^1S_0]_{\textbf{6}}$, $[^3S_1]_{\textbf{6}}$, or $[^1S_0]_{\bar{\textbf{3}}}$, respectively. We adopt the improved helicity amplitude approach for the hard scattering amplitude to improve the calculation efficiency. Total and differential cross sections of those channels, as well as the theoretical uncertainties, are presented. We show that sizable amounts of baryon events can be generated at the ILC, i.e., about $2.0\times 10^{6}$ $Ξ_{cc}$, $2.2\times 10^{5}$ $Ξ_{bc}$, as well as $3.0\times 10^{3}\;Ξ_{bb}$ events are to be generated in one operation year for $\sqrt{S}=500$ GeV and ${\cal L}\simeq 10^{36}$cm$^{-2}$s$^{-1}$.
description: 8 pages, 6 figures. Discussions improved and references updated. To be published in JHEP
A remark on compact hypersurfaces with constant mean curvature in space forms
Creators: name: Catino, Giovanni
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this note we characterize compact hypersurfaces of dimension $n\geq 2$ with constant mean curvature $H$ immersed in space forms of constant curvature and satisfying an optimal integral pinching condition: they are either totally umbilical or, when $n\geq 3$ and $H\neq 0$, they are locally contained in a rotational hypersurface. In dimension two, the integral pinching condition reduces to a topological assumption and we recover the classical Hopf-Chern result.
Contribution of miR-124 rs531564 polymorphism to the occurrence of congenital Zika syndrome
Creators: name: Gomes, Julia A
name: Vieira, Igor Araujo
name: Sgarioni, Eduarda
name: Terças-Tretell, Ana Cláudia P
name: da Silva, Juliana H
name: Ribeiro, Bethânia FR
name: Galera, Marcial F
name: de Oliveira, Thalita M
name: de Andrade, Maria Denise F Carvalho
name: Carvalho, Isabella F
name: Schüler-Faccini, Lavínia
name: Vianna, Fernanda SL
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Zika virus (ZIKV) cause Congenital Zika Syndrome (CZS) in individuals exposed during pregnancy. Studies have shown that ZIKV infection positively regulates the miR-124 expression in neural cells, which leads to a decrease of TFRC, a gene targeted of this miRNA. Both miR-124 and TFRC exhibit a pivotal role in nervous system development. Therefore, in this study we aimed to investigate whether genetic variants that affect the expression of these genes could act together with ZIKV to increase the risk of individuals developing CZS. TFRC rs406271 and MIR-124-1 rs531564 polymorphisms were genotyped, using TaqMan® Genotyping Assays, in a sample of children who were exposed to ZIKV during pregnancy, of whom 40 were born with CZS and 48 without congenital anomalies. We identified that individuals with CZS presented a higher frequency of CG genotype of rs531564 polymorphism in MIR-124-1 (p=0.048), which is associated with increased expression of miR-124. Since ZIKV also upregulates the expression of this miRNA, the presence of CG genotype in individuals exposed to the virus could lead to a scenario of overexpression of miR-124 in the brain. Since teratogenesis is a multifactorial event, this genetic finding could partly explain why such individuals are more susceptible to CZS, considering both the downregulation of important neurodevelopment genes, as well as deregulation of the neurogenesis process. Thus, we provide preliminary evidence about a possible genetic risk factor to CZS and highlight the importance of analyzing functional polymorphisms related to epigenetic modulators of neurodevelopment genes in the context of ZIKV teratogenesis.
Invariance Measures for Neural Networks
Creators: name: Quiroga, Facundo Manuel
name: Torrents-Barrena, Jordina
name: Lanzarini, Laura Cristina
name: Puig-Valls, Domenec
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Invariances in neural networks are useful and necessary for many tasks. However, the representation of the invariance of most neural network models has not been characterized. We propose measures to quantify the invariance of neural networks in terms of their internal representation. The measures are efficient and interpretable, and can be applied to any neural network model. They are also more sensitive to invariance than previously defined measures. We validate the measures and their properties in the domain of affine transformations and the CIFAR10 and MNIST datasets, including their stability and interpretability. Using the measures, we perform a first analysis of CNN models and show that their internal invariance is remarkably stable to random weight initializations, but not to changes in dataset or transformation. We believe the measures will enable new avenues of research in invariance representation.
Severity of thought disorder predicts psychosis in persons at clinical high-risk
Creators: name: Cannon, Tyrone D.
name: Mathalon, Daniel H.
name: Bearden, Carrie E.
name: Woods, Scott W.
name: Heinssen, Robert
name: McGlashan, Thomas H.
name: Seidman, Larry J.
name: Cadenhead, Kristin S.
name: Perkins, Diana O.
name: Jeffries, Clark D.
name: Addington, Jean
name: Cornblatt, Barbara A.
name: Tsuang, Ming T.
name: Walker, Elaine F.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: Improving predictive accuracy is of paramount importance for early detection and prevention of psychosis. We sought a symptom severity classifier that would improve psychosis risk prediction.
D2.2 SPHERE HOLISTIC SUSTAINABILITY ASSESSMENT KPI's Definitions and Assessment Methodology for the SPHERE Digital Twin Platform
Creators: name: Several Authors
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020

description: KPIs related with the building renovation process, which will be enabled by the digital twin approach will be identified. This will cover: - Energy efficiency and operational performance metrics - Environmental performance metrics - Waste management and Circularity metrics - Construction process efficiency metrics Subtask 2.2.1 Environmental & Circularity Assessment Methodology (EKO): Circularity Assessment Methodology Development – Methodologies and assessment criteria for the improvement of the circularity and resource efficiency will be identified.
Thermodynamic laws in isolated systems
Creators: name: Hilbert, Stefan
name: Hänggi, Peter
name: Dunkel, Jörn
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The recent experimental realization of exotic matter states in isolated quantum systems and the ensuing controversy about the existence of negative absolute temperatures demand a careful analysis of the conceptual foundations underlying microcanonical thermostatistics. Here, we provide a detailed comparison of the most commonly considered microcanonical entropy definitions, focussing specifically on whether they satisfy or violate the zeroth, first and second law of thermodynamics. Our analysis shows that, for a broad class of systems that includes all standard classical Hamiltonian systems, only the Gibbs volume entropy fulfills all three laws simultaneously. To avoid ambiguities, the discussion is restricted to exact results and analytically tractable examples.
description: footnotes 19, 26 and outlook section added
A key regulatory loop AK4P1/miR-375/SP1 in pancreatic adenocarcinoma
Creators: name: Xu, Wangjin
name: Lou, Weiyang
name: Mei, Linhang
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Pancreatic adenocarcinoma is one of the leading lethal human cancer types and is notorious for its poor prognosis. A series of bioinformatic analyses and experimental validations were employed to explore the role and mechanism of pseudogene-derived RNAs in pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Consequently, a total of 13 upregulated and 7 downregulated pseudogene-derived RNAs in pancreatic adenocarcinoma were identified. Survival analysis revealed a statistically predictive role of AK4P1 for unfavourable prognosis of patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Subcellular location analysis indicated that AK4P1 was mainly located in cytoplasm, in which AK4P1 might competitively bind to tumour suppressive miR-375 in pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Further analysis showed that SP1 was a potential downstream target gene of miR-375 in pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Intriguingly, expression determination validated that SP1 could positively regulate AK4P1 levels in pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Finally, AK4P1 might also exert its effects by interacting with oncogenic parental gene AK4 in pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Conclusively, the present study elucidated a key regulatory loop AK4P1/miR-375/SP1 in pancreatic adenocarcinoma.
The Na-O anticorrelation in horizontal branch stars. V. NGC 6723
Creators: name: Gratton, R. G.
name: Lucatello, S.
name: Sollima, A.
name: Carretta, E.
name: Bragaglia, A.
name: Momany, Y.
name: D'Orazi, V.
name: Salaris, M.
name: Cassisi, S.
name: Stetson, P. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We used FLAMES+GIRAFFE (Medusa mode) at the VLT to obtain moderately high resolution spectra for 30 red horizontal branch (RHB) stars, 4 RR Lyrae variables, and 17 blue horizontal branch (BHB) stars in the low-concentration, moderately metal-rich globular cluster NGC6723 ([Fe/H]=-1.22+/-0.08 from our present sample). The spectra were optimized to derive O and Na abundances. In addition, we obtained abundances for other elements, including N, Fe, Mg, Ca, Ni, and Ba. We used these data to discuss the evidence of a connection between the distribution of stars along the horizontal branch (HB) and the multiple populations that are typically present in globular clusters. We found that all RHB and most (13 out of 17) BHB stars are O-rich, Na-poor, and N-poor; these stars probably belong to the first stellar generation in this cluster. Only the four warmest observed stars are (moderately) O-poor, Na-rich, and N-rich, and they probably belong to the second generation. While our sample is not fully representative of the whole HB population in NGC6723, our data suggest that in this cluster only HB stars warmer than ~9000 K, that is one fourth of the total, belong to the second generation, if at all. Since in many other clusters this fraction is about two thirds, we conclude that the fraction of first/second generation in globular clusters may be strongly variable. In addition, the wide range in colour of chemically homogeneous first-generation HB stars requires a considerable spread in mass loss (>0.10 Mo). The reason for this spread is yet to be understood. Finally, we found a high Ba abundance, with a statistically significant radial abundance gradient.
description: Astronomy and Astrophysics, in press; 15 pages; 11 figures
title: The Effect of Fear of Success and Perceived Task Difficulty on Cognitive Performance
Creators: name: Elkins, David Eugene
Publisher: name: Old Dominion University
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04zjtrb98
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 1991

description: This study investigated the relationship of fear of success (FOS) and perceptions of task difficulty, their interactive effect on anagram and matrix-task performance and possible gender differences on these variables. A total of 226 students, 83 males and 143 females, participated in the study. FOS was measured by the administration of Zuckerman and Allison's (1976) Fear of Success Scale. Perceptions of task difficulty were manipulated by use of falsified normative data. Subjects therefore believed the upcoming task was either easy or difficult or the subjects were employed as controls. An anagram task and 12 items selected from Raven's Standard Progressive Matrices were used as the dependent performance measures. Manipulation checks indicate that perceptions of task difficulty were not successfully altered. A MANOVA was computed, indicating that FOS did have a significant effect on matrix-task performance (F(1,167) 8.51, p < .0040). However, this effect was in the opposite direction to the hypothesis. High FOS individuals possessed a higher matrix performance level than the low FOS individuals. A significant gender effect (Wilks' Lambda 0.95444636, F(2,156) = 3.72, p < .0263) also indicates that males performed better than females on the matrix task while females had a higher performance level on the anagram task. Suggestions for future research and additional conclusions are discussed.
Prevalence and Characteristics of School Services for High School Students with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder
Creators: name: Houck, Patricia
name: Glew, Kelly
name: Abikoff, Howard B.
name: Lerner, Marc
name: Molina, Brooke S. G.
name: Swanson, James
name: Murray, Desiree W.
name: Hechtman, Lily
name: Fong, Dalea
name: Arnold, L. Eugene
name: Greiner, Andrew
name: Jensen, Peter S.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: This study examines the prevalence and characteristics of services reported by school staff for 543 high school students participating in the 8 year follow-up of the multi-site Multimodal Treatment study of ADHD (MTA). Overall, 51.6% of students with a history of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) were receiving services through an Individualized Educational Plan (IEP) or a 504 plan, a rate higher than expected for this age group. Less than 5% of these had 504 plans; 35.5% attended special education classes. Very few services (except tutoring) were provided outside of an IEP or 504 plan. Almost all students with services received some type of academic intervention, whereas only half received any behavioral support or learning strategy. Less than one-fourth of interventions appear to be evidence-based. Students receiving services showed greater academic and behavioral needs than those not receiving services. Services varied based upon type of school, with the greatest number of interventions provided to students attending schools that only serve those with disabilities. Original MTA treatment randomization was unrelated to services, but cumulative stimulant medication and greater severity predicted more service receipt. Results highlight a need for accommodations with greater evidence of efficacy and for increased services for students who develop academic difficulties in high school.
Efficient Approximation of Quantum Channel Capacities
Creators: name: Sutter, David
name: Sutter, Tobias
name: Esfahani, Peyman Mohajerin
name: Renner, Renato
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We propose an iterative method for approximating the capacity of classical-quantum channels with a discrete input alphabet and a finite dimensional output, possibly under additional constraints on the input distribution. Based on duality of convex programming, we derive explicit upper and lower bounds for the capacity. To provide an $\varepsilon$-close estimate to the capacity, the presented algorithm requires $O(\tfrac{(N \vee M) M^3 \log(N)^{1/2}}{\varepsilon})$, where $N$ denotes the input alphabet size and $M$ the output dimension. We then generalize the method for the task of approximating the capacity of classical-quantum channels with a bounded continuous input alphabet and a finite dimensional output. For channels with a finite dimensional quantum mechanical input and output, the idea of a universal encoder allows us to approximate the Holevo capacity using the same method. In particular, we show that the problem of approximating the Holevo capacity can be reduced to a multidimensional integration problem. For families of quantum channels fulfilling a certain assumption we show that the complexity to derive an $\varepsilon$-close solution to the Holevo capacity is subexponential or even polynomial in the problem size. We provide several examples to illustrate the performance of the approximation scheme in practice.
description: 36 pages, 1 figure
THE ROLE AND IMPORTANCE OF AN ELECTROCARDIOGRAM TO REFLECT THE POTASSIUM LEVEL IN DIABETIC KETOACIDOSIS PATIENTS
Creators: name: Shareef, Laith G.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 111102 Dietetics and Nutrigenomics
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 110305 Emergency Medicine
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 110306 Endocrinology

description: Diabetic ketoacidosis is a common cause of morbidity and mortality in the emergency department of Iraqi hospitals. Electrolyte disturbances are frequently accompanying diabetic ketoacidosis, specifically hyper and hypokalemia. Electrocardiography is an easy and available tool for early identification of these electrolyte disturbances. Aim of the study is to assess the role and importance of ECG monitor, which is a simple, quick, non-invasive and readily available tool in the diagnosis and confirmation of hypokalemia and hyperkalemia in patients with DKA in the Emergency Department. A cross-sectional study conducted in the Baghdad Teaching Hospital- Medical Complex Baghdad city /Emergency Department. The duration of the study was through six months from the 1st of January to the 30th of June 2019 on a sample of 88 DKA patients. Interpretation of the ECG was made by the supervisor, the researcher and the physicians in the emergency department. Results: Prevalence of hypokalemia among DKA patients was 75%. Significant ECG changes associated with hypokalemia among DKA patients were prolonged QT interval, flat T wave, U wave and ST depression. A highly significant association was observed between female gender DKA patients and hypokalemia (p<0.001). Mean random blood sugar of DKA patients with hypokalemia was significantly higher than the RBS mean of DKA patients with average K+ level (p<0.001). Mean blood PH of DKA patients with hypokalemia was significantly lower than blood PH mean of DKA patients with normal K+ level (p<0.001).
Morita's Duality for Split Reductive Groups
Creators: name: Qi, Zhi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper, we extend the work in "Morita's Theory for the Symplectic Groups" to split reductive groups. We construct and study the holomorphic discrete series representation and the principal series representation of a split reductive group $\mathrm {G}$ over a $p$-adic field $F$ as well as a duality between certain sub-representations of these two representations.
description: 23 pages
Additional file 5 of Early changes in gene expression profiles in AML patients during induction chemotherapy
Creators: name: Jakobsen, Ingrid
name: Sundkvist, Max
name: Björn, Niclas
name: Gréen, Henrik
name: Lotfi, Kourosh
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 5.
Joint Reconstruction of Multi-channel, Spectral CT Data via Constrained Total Nuclear Variation Minimization
Creators: name: Rigie, David
name: La Riviere, Patrick
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore the use of the recently proposed "total nuclear variation" (TNV) as a regularizer for reconstructing multi-channel, spectral CT images. This convex penalty is a natural extension of the total variation (TV) to vector-valued images and has the advantage of encouraging common edge locations and a shared gradient direction among image channels. We show how it can be incorporated into a general, data-constrained reconstruction framework and derive update equations based on the first-order, primal-dual algorithm of Chambolle and Pock. Early simulation studies based on the numerical XCAT phantom indicate that the inter-channel coupling introduced by the TNV leads to better preservation of image features at high levels of regularization, compared to independent, channel-by-channel TV reconstructions.
description: Submitted to Physics in Medicine and Biology
Role of Mutant CFTR in Hypersusceptibility of Cystic Fibrosis Patients to Lung Infections
Creators: name: Pier, G. B.
name: Grout, M.
name: Zaidi, T. S.
name: Olsen, J. C.
name: Johnson, L. G.
name: Goldberg, J. B.
name: Yankaskas, J. R.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1996

description: Cystic fibrosis (CF) patients are hypersusceptible to chronic Pseudomonas aeruginosa lung infections. Cultured human airway epithelial cells expressing the ΔF508 allele of the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) were defective in uptake of P. aeruginosa compared with cells expressing the wild-type allele. Pseudomonas aeruginosa lipopolysaccharide (LPS)–core oligosaccharide was identified as the bacterial ligand for epithelial cell ingestion; exogenous oligosaccharide inhibited bacterial ingestion in a neonatal mouse model, resulting in increased amounts of bacteria in the lungs. CFTR may contribute to a host-defense mechanism that is important for clearance of P. aeruginosa from the respiratory tract.
Additional file 6 of Early changes in gene expression profiles in AML patients during induction chemotherapy
Creators: name: Jakobsen, Ingrid
name: Sundkvist, Max
name: Björn, Niclas
name: Gréen, Henrik
name: Lotfi, Kourosh
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 6.
Testing Gravity using Cosmic Voids
Creators: name: Cai, Yan-Chuan
name: Padilla, Nelson
name: Li, Baojiu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore voids in dark matter and halo fields from simulations of $Λ$CDM and Hu-Sawicki $f(R)$ models. In $f(R)$ gravity, dark matter void abundances are greater than that of general relativity (GR). However, when using haloes to identify voids, the differences of void abundances become much smaller, but can still be told apart, in principle, at the 2, 6 and 14 $σ$ level for the $f(R)$ model parameter amplitudes of $|f_{R0}|=10^{-6}$, $10^{-5}$ and $10^{-4}$. In contrast, the abundance of large voids found using haloes in $f(R)$ gravity is lower than in GR. The more efficient halo formation in underdense regions makes $f(R)$ voids less empty of haloes. This counter intuitive result suggests that voids are not necessarily emptier in $f(R)$ if one looks at galaxies in voids. Indeed, the halo number density profiles of voids are not distinguishable from GR. However, the same $f(R)$ voids are more empty of dark matter. This can in principle be observed by weak gravitational lensing of voids, for which the combination of a spec-$z$ and a photo-$z$ survey over the same sky is necessary. For a volume of 1~(Gpc/$h$)$^3$, neglecting the lensing shape noise, $|f_{R0}|=10^{-5}$ and $10^{-4}$ may be distinguished from GR using the lensing tangential shear signal around voids by 4 and 8$σ$. The line-of-sight projection of large-scale structure is the main systematics that limits the significance of this signal, limiting the constraining power for $|f_{R0}|=10^{-6}$. The halo void abundance being smaller and the steepening of dark matter void profiles in $f(R)$ models are unique features that can be combined to break the degeneracy between $|f_{R0}|$ and $σ_8$. The outflow of mass from void centers and velocity dispersions are greater in $f(R)$. Model differences in velocity profiles imply potential powerful constraints of the model in phase space and in redshift space.
description: A new Fig.6 is added to quantify the constraints from void abundances, typos are corrected, submitted to MNRAS
Harnessing GPT-3.5-turbo for Rhetorical Role Prediction in Legal Cases
Creators: name: Belfathi, Anas
name: Hernandez, Nicolas
name: Monceaux, Laura
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We propose a comprehensive study of one-stage elicitation techniques for querying a large pre-trained generative transformer (GPT-3.5-turbo) in the rhetorical role prediction task of legal cases. This task is known as requiring textual context to be addressed. Our study explores strategies such as zero-few shots, task specification with definitions and clarification of annotation ambiguities, textual context and reasoning with general prompts and specific questions. We show that the number of examples, the definition of labels, the presentation of the (labelled) textual context and specific questions about this context have a positive influence on the performance of the model. Given non-equivalent test set configurations, we observed that prompting with a few labelled examples from direct context can lead the model to a better performance than a supervised fined-tuned multi-class classifier based on the BERT encoder (weighted F1 score of = 72%). But there is still a gap to reach the performance of the best systems = 86%) in the LegalEval 2023 task which, on the other hand, require dedicated resources, architectures and training.
Renormalization group constructions of topological quantum liquids and beyond
Creators: name: Swingle, Brian
name: McGreevy, John
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We give a detailed physical argument for the area law for entanglement entropy in gapped phases of matter arising from local Hamiltonians. Our approach is based on renormalization group (RG) ideas and takes a resource oriented perspective. We report four main results. First, we argue for the "weak area law": any gapped phase with a unique ground state on every closed manifold obeys the area law. Second, we introduce an RG based classification scheme and give a detailed argument that all phases within the classification scheme obey the area law. Third, we define a special sub-class of gapped phases, \textit{topological quantum liquids}, which captures all examples of current physical relevance, and we rigorously show that TQLs obey an area law. Fourth, we show that all topological quantum liquids have MERA representations which achieve unit overlap with the ground state in the thermodynamic limit and which have a bond dimension scaling with system size $L$ as $e^{c \log^{d(1+δ)}(L)}$ for all $δ>0$. For example, we show that chiral phases in $d=2$ dimensions have an approximate MERA with bond dimension $e^{c \log^{2(1+δ)}(L)}$. We discuss extensively a number of subsidiary ideas and results necessary to make the main arguments, including field theory constructions. While our argument for the general area law rests on physically-motived assumptions (which we make explicit) and is therefore not rigorous, we may conclude that "conventional" gapped phases obey the area law and that any gapped phase which violates the area law must be a dragon.
description: 91 pages, 8 figures