Nanophareus bicornutus Hara, 2016, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Hara, Marcos Ryotaro
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Opiliones
Gonyleptidae
Nanophareus
Nanophareus bicornutus

description: Nanophareus bicornutus sp. nov.
(Figs 2, 3, 8 A–B, 9)
Type material. CHILE. V Región de Valparaíso: Zapallar (valle de Aconcagua), 27.xi.1950, Ross & Michelbacher leg., ma holotype (CASENT, originally in CASENT 9055060).
Diagnosis for males. Nanophareus bicornutus sp. nov. resembles N. bosqenublado by the long coxa IV (close to posterior margin of dorsal scutum in dorsal view), coxa IV with prolateral apical apophysis with subbasal region bifid, trochanter IV with prodorsal apical large apophysis and femur IV with a retromedian spine. Can be distinguished from N. bosqenublado by: unarmed frontal hump on anterior margin of dorsal scutum, low and narrow ocularium, and a retroapical conical long apophysis on trochanter IV. Can be distinguished from the other species of the genus by: low and narrow (less than ⅓ carapace width) ocularium, scutal area III with a pair of enlarged tubercles, long cheliceral segment I, pedipalpal coxa enlarged, long (length close to carapace length), and basally inflated, and trochanter IV with two dorsoapical large apophyses.
Etymology. From the Latin bi, meaning two, and cornus, meaning horns. In reference to the two dorsoapical horn-like apophyses on trochanter IV.
Description. Male (holotype): Dorsum (Fig. 2 A, C, D): Measurements: CL 1.90; CW 2.60; DSL 5.05; DSW 4.80; LI 10.15; LII 19.55; LIII 14.60; LIV 20.20. Anterior margin of carapace with unarmed, granulate frontal hump. Ocularium low, narrowed (less than ⅓ carapace width), smooth and unarmed. Carapace with sparse tubercles. Scutal areas I–IV with scattered tubercles; scutal area III with 1 pair of enlarged tubercles; scutal area IV undivided. Body shape type gamma. Lateral margin of dorsal scutum with a row of enlarged tubercles inserted amongst small ones, more densely distributed between scutal grooves II and III. Posterior margin of dorsal scutum and free tergites I–III, each with a row of tubercles plus few tubercles on the corners.
Venter (Fig. 2 B): Coxae I–IV and stigmatic area tuberculate; coxa I with enlarged tubercles in median rows and on apical region. Free sternites each with 1 row of tubercles.
Chelicerae: Segment I elongated, with bulla slightly marked; fixed finger with 5 teeth; movable finger with 5–7 teeth.
Pedipalps (Fig. 2 F, G): Coxa elongated (close to carapace length) and robust, basally inflated, with retroapical cluster of tubercles. Trochanter inflated and smooth, with 2–3 ventral setiferous tubercles (prolateral largest). Femur with sparse dorsal tubercles, without prolateral subapical seta, ventral side with 3–4 tubercles and 1 enlarged basal one. Patella obliquely inserted in tibia (see in lateral view). Tibia and tarsus with few scattered setiferous tubercles; tibia baso-ventrally oblique (seen in lateral view). Tibial setation: prolateral IIi, retrolateral I[Ii]i. Tarsal setation: prolateral iIii, iIiii, retrolateral iIii.
Legs (Figs 2 E, 3): Coxa II with 1 prolateral apophysis; coxa IV with 1 prolateral apical apophysis, dorsoventrally bifid (dorsal branch longer than ventral one) from subbasal region, directed backwards and 1 retrolateral, conical, short apical apophysis. Trochanter IV longer than wide, prolateral side with 1 conical, short, blunt submedian apophysis, its apex slightly curved dorsally, and 1 long, robust dorsoapical apophysis, this one bifid (prolateral branch longest), projected dorsally, its apex curved anteriorly; retrolateral side with a cluster of enlarged basal tubercles, 1 long, robust dorsoapical apophysis, this one curved dorsally, and 1 conical, short apical apophysis. Femora I–II unarmed; femur III with 2 ventral rows of tubercles increasing in size apically. Femur IV straight, with enlarged tubercles in the median regions of prolateral and retrodorsal rows of tubercles; retrolateral side with 1 basal, small, pointed spine, 1 median large spine, ventral side with an irregular retrolateral row of enlarged tubercles, and a prolateral row with 3–4 high, pointed tubercles; ventroapical side with 1 prolateral spine and 1 enlarged retrolateral tubercle. Patellae I–IV tuberculate, patellae I–III unarmed; patella IV with ventral enlarged, pointed tubercles. Tibiae I–II unarmed; tibia III with 2 ventral rows of tubercles slightly increasing in size apically. Tibia IV with 2 ventral rows of tubercles increasing in size subapically, retrolateral one with enlarged tubercles becoming high and pointed; ventroapical side unarmed. Tarsal segmentation: 6(3), 9–10(3), 6, 6.
Penis (Fig. 8 A, B): Glans with wide sac, its distal part projected dorsally; stylus elongated and curved, with ventral trichomes on median third; ventral process apex with nail head shape (apex with lateral projections), curved towards stylus. Ventral plate subrectagular, basally inflated, with 3 pairs of MS C (distal pair smallest), 1 pair of short MS D, 2 pairs of small MS E, 4 pairs of basal setae.
Coloration: Body, pedipalps, patellae I–IV, tibia IV and apical regions of femora I–IV and tibiae I–III brown; coxa IV, femur IV and apophyses of coxa–trochanter IV dark brown; the remaining parts (chelicerae, trochanters I–IV, most part of femora and tibiae I–III, metatarsi–tarsi I–IV) pale brown.
Female: Unknown.
Type locality. Chile, V Región de Valparaíso, Zapallar.
Geographical distribution (Fig. 9). Known only from the type locality.
description: Published as part of Hara, Marcos Ryotaro, 2016, Cladistic analysis and description of three new species of the Chilean genus Nanophareus (Opiliones: Gonyleptidae: Pachylinae), pp. 101-123 in Zootaxa 4105 (2) on pages 111-114, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4105.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/256481