cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Energy-dependent flavor ratios, cascade/track spectrum tension and high-energy neutrinos from magnetospheres of supermassive black holes
Creators: name: Riabtsev, Kirill
name: Troitsky, Sergey
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The IceCube neutrino observatory measures the diffuse flux of high-energy astrophysical neutrinos by means of various techniques, and there exists a mild tension between spectra obtained in different analyses. The spectrum derived from reconstruction of muon tracks is harder than that from cascades, dominated by electron and tau neutrinos. If confirmed, this tension may provide a clue to the origin of these neutrinos, which remains uncertain. Here we investigate the possibility that this tension may be caused by the change of the flavor content of astrophysical neutrinos with energy. We assume that at higher energies, the flux contains more muon neutrinos than expected in the usually assumed flavor equipartition. This may happen if the neutrinos are produced in regions of the magnetic field so strong that muons, born in pi-meson decays, cool by synchrotron radiation faster than decay. The magnetic field of $\sim 10^4 G$ is required for this mechanism to be relevant for the IceCube results. We note that these field values are reachable in the immediate vicinity of supermassive black holes in active galactic nuclei and present a working toy model of the population of these potential neutrino sources. While this model predicts the required flavor ratios and describes the high-energy spectrum, it needs an additional component to explain the observed neutrino flux at lower energies.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures; V2: discussion extended, results unchanged; version accepted by Phys. Lett. B
An exploratory analysis of aging gene expression levels using gene functions’ combinations
Creators: name: Freitas, Adelaide
name: Cabral, Jorge
name: Iutis, Adela
name: Antão, Joana
name: Marques, Sérgio
name: Costa, Tiago
name: Moura, Gabriela
Publisher: name: Journal of Statistics on Health Decision
Year: 2020

description: Journal of Statistics on Health Decision, vol. 2 n.º 2 (2020): Special Issue - Statistics on Health Decision Making: clinical trials
Pion Valence-Quark Generalized Parton Distribution at Physical Pion Mass
Creators: name: Lin, Huey-Wen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the first lattice-QCD $x$-dependent pion valence-quark generalized parton distribution (GPD) calculated directly at physical pion mass using the Large-Momentum Effective Theory (LaMET) with next-to-next-to-leading order perturbative matching correction. We use clover fermions for the valence action on $2+1+1$ flavors of highly improved staggered quarks (HISQ), generated by MILC Collaboration, with lattice spacing $a \approx 0.09$fm and box size $L \approx 5.5$fm; the pion two-point measurements number up to $O(10^6)$ with boost momentum 1.73GeV. The pion valence distribution is renormalized in hybrid scheme with Wilson-line mass subtraction at large distances in coordinate space, followed by a procedure to match it to the $\overline{\text{MS}}$ scheme. We focus on the zero-skewness limit, where the GPD has a probability-density interpretation in the longitudinal Bjorken $x$ and the transverse impact-parameter distributions. We take the integral of our GPD functions to generate leading moment so that we can make comparisons with past lattice-QCD and experimental determinations of the pion form factors and found consistent agreement among them. We predict the higher GPD moments and reveal $x$-dependent tomography of the pion for the first time using lattice QCD.
description: 18 pages, 5 figures. Submitted to Physics Letters B (PLB) in Spring 2023. Final version now on PLB
Gradient flow and scale setting on MILC HISQ ensembles
Creators: name: MILC Collaboration
name: Bazavov, A.
name: Bernard, C.
name: Brown, N.
name: DeTar, C.
name: Foley, J.
name: Gottlieb, Steven
name: Heller, U. M.
name: Komijani, J.
name: Laiho, J.
name: Levkova, L.
name: Sugar, R. L.
name: Toussaint, D.
name: Van de Water, R. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on a scale determination with gradient-flow techniques on the $N_f=2+1+1$ highly improved staggered quark ensembles generated by the MILC Collaboration. The ensembles include four lattice spacings, ranging from approximately 0.15 to 0.06 fm, and both physical and unphysical values of the quark masses. The scales $\sqrt{t_0}/a$ and $w_0/a$ and their tree-level improvements, $\sqrt{t_{0,{\rm imp}}}$ and $w_{0,{\rm imp}}$, are computed on each ensemble using Symanzik flow and the cloverleaf definition of the energy density $E$. Using a combination of continuum chiral-perturbation theory and a Taylor-series ansatz for the lattice-spacing and strong-coupling dependence, the results are simultaneously extrapolated to the continuum and interpolated to physical quark masses. We determine the scales $\sqrt{t_0} = 0.1416({}_{-5}^{+8})$ fm and $w_0 = 0.1714({}_{-12}^{+15})$ fm, where the errors are sums, in quadrature, of statistical and all systematic errors. The precision of $w_0$ and $\sqrt{t_0}$ is comparable to or more precise than the best previous estimates, respectively. We then find the continuum mass dependence of $\sqrt{t_0}$ and $w_0$, which will be useful for estimating the scales of new ensembles. We also estimate the integrated autocorrelation length of $\langle E(t) \rangle$. For long flow times, the autocorrelation length of $\langle E \rangle$ appears to be comparable to that of the topological charge.
description: 50 pages, 12 pdf figures, 10 tables, v2: Figure 11 and Table 9 updated to include additional results by other groups, v3: official PRD release with revised charm mass dependence, autocorrelation sections, and other miscellaneous changes, v4: fixed one typo
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung Nr. 18.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 29.01.1985, 08:45, erstellt von Sergio Cortesi, Sonnenobservatorium Specola Solare Ticinese in Locarno
Creators: name: Observatorium Specola Solare Ticinese Locarno (1957 bis 1980 Teil der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte der ETH Zürich)
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1985

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit schwarzer Farbe und Bleistift, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung für die Beobachtungen in Locarno-Monti auf einem eigenen Vordruck. Instrument: Zeiss-Coudé-Refraktor mit 15 cm Öffnung und 225 cm Brennweite. Bildqualität (SIDC): 3.
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden auf dem Vordruck eingetragen. Zusätzlich sind zuhanden der späteren statistischen Verarbeitung die Angaben für die Bestimmung der Fleckenrelativzahl notiert.
Beobachtungstätigkeit unter eigenständiger Leitung (Associazione Specola Solare Ticinese ASST)
Importance of gastric ultrasound in the study of gastric content
Creators: name: Cabral, Jorge Vaz Ramos Rodrigues De
name: Segura-Grau, Elena
name: Segura-Grau, Ana
name: Payeras, Guillermo
name: Araújo, Ricardo
name: Muginga, Mário
name: Afreixo, Vera
Publisher: name: Journal of Statistics on Health Decision
Year: 2020

description: Journal of Statistics on Health Decision, vol. 2 n.º 2 (2020): Special Issue - Statistics on Health Decision Making: clinical trials
Improved parameters of seven Kepler giant companions characterized with SOPHIE and HARPS-N
Creators: name: Bonomo, A. S.
name: Sozzetti, A.
name: Santerne, A.
name: Deleuil, M.
name: Almenara, J. -M.
name: Bruno, G.
name: Díaz, R. F.
name: Hébrard, G.
name: Moutou, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Radial-velocity observations of Kepler candidates obtained with the SOPHIE and HARPS-N spectrographs have permitted unveiling the nature of the five giant planets Kepler-41b, Kepler-43b, Kepler-44b, Kepler-74b, and Kepler-75b, the massive companion Kepler-39b, and the brown dwarf KOI-205b. These companions were previously characterized with long-cadence (LC) Kepler data. Here we aim at refining the parameters of these transiting systems by i) modelling the published radial velocities (RV) and Kepler short-cadence (SC) data that provide a much better sampling of the transits, ii) performing new spectral analyses of the SOPHIE and ESPaDOnS spectra, and iii) improving stellar rotation periods hence stellar age estimates through gyrochronology, when possible. Posterior distributions of the system parameters were derived with a differential evolution Markov chain Monte Carlo approach. Our main results are as follows: a) Kepler-41b is significantly larger and less dense than previously found because a lower orbital inclination is favoured by SC data. This also affects the determination of the geometric albedo that is lower than previously derived: Ag < 0.135; b) Kepler-44b is moderately smaller and denser than reported in the discovery paper; c) good agreement was achieved with published Kepler-43, Kepler-75, and KOI-205 system parameters, although the host stars Kepler-75 and KOI-205 were found to be slightly richer in metals and hotter, respectively; d) the previously reported non-zero eccentricities of Kepler-39b and Kepler-74b might be spurious. If their orbits were circular, the two companions would be smaller and denser than in the eccentric case. The radius of Kepler-39b is still larger than predicted by theoretical isochrones. Its parent star is hotter and richer in metals than previously determined. [ABRIDGED]
description: 17 pages, 9 figures, accepted for publication in Astronomy and Astrophysics
A non-parametric analysis for the identification of differentially expressed proteins in proteomic data
Creators: name: Corda, Pedro Oliveira
name: Costa, Tiago
name: Trindade, Fábio
name: Afreixo, Vera
Publisher: name: Journal of Statistics on Health Decision
Year: 2020

description: Journal of Statistics on Health Decision, vol. 2 n.º 2 (2020): Special Issue - Statistics on Health Decision Making: clinical trials
Topological contribution to magnetism in the Kane-Mele model: An explicit wave function approach
Creators: name: Ozaki, Soshun
name: Ogata, Masao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In our previous publication [S. Ozaki and M. Ogata, Phys. Rev. Research 3, 013058], the quantization of the orbital-Zeeman (OZ) cross term in the magnetic susceptibility, or the cross term of spin Zeeman and orbital effect, was shown for the Kane-Mele model using the expansion around the Dirac points. In the present study, we accurately evaluate the orbital, spin-Zeeman, and OZ cross term of the Kane-Mele model using a recently developed formulation. This formula is written in terms of the explicit Bloch wave functions, and enables us to evaluate each contribution taking account of the integration over the whole Brillouin zone and the summation over all the bands. As a result, additional contributions such as core-electron diamagnetism are found. Furthermore, our evaluation confirms the quantization of the OZ cross term and reveals its behavior including the metallic case. The possibility of experimental detection of the quantization is discussed.
Analytic Solutions of Brans-Dicke Cosmology: Early Inflation and Late Time Accelerated Expansion
Creators: name: Ildes, Medine
name: Arik, Metin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the most general exact solutions of Brans-Dicke cosmology by choosing the scale factor "a" as the new independent variable. It is shown that a set of three field equations can be reduced to a constraint equation and a first order linear differential equation. Thus this new set of equations is solvable when one supplies one of the following pairs of functions: (Φ(a), \r{ho}(a)), (Φ(a), V(a)) or (Φ(a), H(a)). A universe with a single component energy-matter density is studied. It is seen that when there is no constant energy density, the Hubble function still contains a constant term which causes exponential expansion. This constant is expressed in terms of the initial values of the universe. An early universe and the present universe with dark energy are studied. In addition late time accelerated expansion is also explained with cosmic domain walls. If we take Brans-Dicke parameter w>4*10^4 formulas of the Hubble function reduce to solutions of ΛCDM cosmology. Therefore comparison of our results with recent observations of type Ia supernovae indicates that eighty-nine percent of present universe may consist of domain walls while rest is matter.
Dokumentation und Annotationsrichtlinien für das Korpus BeDiaCo
Creators: name: Belz, Malte
name: Zöllner, Alina
name: Terada, Megumi
name: Lange, Robert
name: Adam, Lea-Sophie
name: Sell, Bianca
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Spontaneous speech
Diapix
Phonetic corpus
Dialogue
Topic-led free dialogue
German

description: BeDiaCo enthält themenorientierte und aufgabenorientierte spontansprachliche Dialoge von 36 Versuchspersonen sowie zwei gelesene Wortlisten je Versuchsperson. Das Hauptkorpus BeDiaCom enthält 16 einander nicht bekannte Versuchspersonen in einer räumlich kopräsenten Face-to-face-Situation. Das Subkorpus BeDiaCov enthält 20 miteinander bekannte und vertraute Versuchspersonen in einer räumlich kopräsenten Face-to-face-Situation und zusätzlich in einer räumlich getrennten Videokonferenzsituation. Das Korpus enthält Audio- und TextGrid-Dateien und ist in einer Mehr-Ebenen-Architektur annotiert. Neben einer diplomatischen Transliteration und ihrer phonetischen Segmentierung sind weitere Annotationsebenen, wie zum Beispiel Annotationswerte zu Füllpartikeln, Intonationsphrasen, Dialogstruktur, Wortarten und Flexionsrealisierung enthalten.
 BeDiaCo contains topic-led and task-led spontaneous dialogues of 36 participants as well as two read word lists per subject. The main corpus BeDiaCom contains 16 subjects not known to each other in a co-present face-to-face situation. The subcorpus BeDiaCov contains 20 subjects known and familiar to each other in a co-present face-to-face situation and, additionally, in a spatially separated videoconference situation. The corpus contains audio and TextGrid files and is annotated by employing a multi-layer architecture. In addition to a diplomatic transliteration and its phonetic segmentation, further annotation levels contain, for example, annotation values for filler particles, intonation phrases, dialogue structure, word types, and the realization of inflection.
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung Nr. 54.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 20.03.1985, 08:30, erstellt von Sergio Cortesi, Sonnenobservatorium Specola Solare Ticinese in Locarno
Creators: name: Observatorium Specola Solare Ticinese Locarno (1957 bis 1980 Teil der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte der ETH Zürich)
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1985

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit schwarzer Farbe und Bleistift, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung für die Beobachtungen in Locarno-Monti auf einem eigenen Vordruck. Instrument: Zeiss-Coudé-Refraktor mit 15 cm Öffnung und 225 cm Brennweite. Bildqualität (SIDC): 4.
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden auf dem Vordruck eingetragen. Zusätzlich sind zuhanden der späteren statistischen Verarbeitung die Angaben für die Bestimmung der Fleckenrelativzahl notiert.
Beobachtungstätigkeit unter eigenständiger Leitung (Associazione Specola Solare Ticinese ASST)
GitLab CI: Continuous Integration für automatische Datenqualitätskontrolle auf GitLab.UB
Creators: name: Pietsch, Christian
Publisher: name: Kolloquium Wissensinfrastruktur
Year: 2017

description: Ursprünglich wurde Continuous Integration nur in der Software-Entwicklung eingesetzt – nämlich um automatisch zu prüfen, ob eine komplexe Software nach Änderungen im Quellcode noch funktioniert. Diese Prüfung wird von kleinen Programmen (Tests) ausgeführt. Im DFG-Projekt "Conquaire" schreiben wir solche Tests, aber sie prüfen nicht Software, sondern Forschungsdaten – möglichst schon früh im Entstehungsprozess. Dadurch hoffen wir die Wiederverwendbarkeit und Archivierbarkeit der Daten zu erhöhen und letztlich Forschungsergebnisse reproduzierbarer zu machen. Die an der UB betriebene Kollaborationsplattform GitLab enthält komfortable Werkzeuge für Continuous Integration (GitLab CI), die während des Vortrags vorgeführt werden. Angehörige der Universität Bielefeld können unsere lokale GitLab-Instanz neuerdings mit ihrem BITS-Login nutzen: https://gitlab.ub.uni-bielefeld.de/
description: Kolloquium Wissensinfrastruktur, Wintersemester 2017/2018
Reconstructing the nature of the first cosmic sources from the anisotropic 21-cm signal
Creators: name: Fialkov, Anastasia
name: Barkana, Rennan
name: Cohen, Aviad
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The redshifted 21-cm background is expected to be a powerful probe of the early Universe, carrying both cosmological and astrophysical information from a wide range of redshifts. In particular, the power spectrum of fluctuations in the 21-cm brightness temperature is anisotropic due to the line-of-sight velocity gradient, which in principle allows for a simple extraction of this information in the limit of linear fluctuations. However, recent numerical studies suggest that the 21-cm signal is actually rather complex, and its analysis likely depends on detailed model fitting. We present the first realistic simulation of the anisotropic 21-cm power spectrum over a wide period of early cosmic history. We show that on observable scales, the anisotropy is large and thus measurable at most redshifts, and its form tracks the evolution of 21-cm fluctuations as they are produced early on by Lyman-a radiation from stars, then switch to X-ray radiation from early heating sources, and finally to ionizing radiation from stars. In particular, we predict a redshift window during cosmic heating (at z ~ 15), when the anisotropy is small, during which the shape of the 21-cm power spectrum on large scales is determined directly by the average radial distribution of the flux from X-ray sources. This makes possible a model-independent reconstruction of the X-ray spectrum of the earliest sources of cosmic heating.
description: Accepted for publication in PRL, 6 pages, 2 figures
Dokumentation und Annotationsrichtlinien für das Korpus BeDiaCo
Creators: name: Belz, Malte
name: Zöllner, Alina
name: Terada, Megumi
name: Lange, Robert
name: Adam, Lea-Sophie
name: Sell, Bianca
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Spontaneous speech
Diapix
Phonetic corpus
Dialogue
Topic-led free dialogue
German

description: BeDiaCo enthält freie und aufgabenorientierte spontansprachliche Dialoge von 36 Versuchspersonen sowie zwei gelesene Wortlisten je Versuchsperson. Das Subkorpus BeDiaCo-main enthält 16 einander nicht bekannte Versuchspersonen in einer räumlich kopräsenten Face-to-face-Situation. Das Subkorpus BeDiaCo-videocall enthält 20 miteinander bekannte und vertraute Versuchspersonen in einer räumlich kopräsenten Face-to-face-Situation und zusätzlich in einer räumlich getrennten Videokonferenzsituation. Das Korpus enthält Audio- und TextGrid-Dateien und ist in einer Mehr-Ebenen-Architektur annotiert. Neben einer diplomatischen Transliteration und ihrer phonetischen Segmentierung sind weitere Annotationsebenen, wie zum Beispiel Annotationswerte zu Füllpartikeln, Intonationsphrasen, Dialogstruktur, Wortarten und Flexionsrealisierung enthalten.
 BeDiaCo contains free and task-based spontaneous dialogues of 36 participants as well as two read word lists per subject. The subcorpus BeDiaCo-main contains 16 subjects not known to each other in a face-to-face situation. The subcorpus BeDiaCo-videocall contains 20 subjects known and familiar to each other in a face-to-face situation and, additionally, in a spatially separated video-conference situation. The corpus contains audio and TextGrid files and is annotated by employing a multi-layer architecture. In addition to a diplomatic transliteration and its phonetic segmentation, further annotation levels contain, for example, annotation values for filler particles, intonation phrases, dialogue structure, word types, and the realization of inflection.
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung Nr. 150.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 10.07.1985, 07:45, erstellt von Sergio Cortesi, Sonnenobservatorium Specola Solare Ticinese in Locarno
Creators: name: Observatorium Specola Solare Ticinese Locarno (1957 bis 1980 Teil der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte der ETH Zürich)
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1985

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit schwarzer Farbe und Bleistift, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung für die Beobachtungen in Locarno-Monti auf einem eigenen Vordruck. Instrument: Zeiss-Coudé-Refraktor mit 15 cm Öffnung und 225 cm Brennweite. Bildqualität (SIDC): 4.
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden auf dem Vordruck eingetragen. Zusätzlich sind zuhanden der späteren statistischen Verarbeitung die Angaben für die Bestimmung der Fleckenrelativzahl notiert.
Beobachtungstätigkeit unter eigenständiger Leitung (Associazione Specola Solare Ticinese ASST)
Slope angle determines the productivity of edible culms of Sasa kurilensis in a northern Japanese forest
Creators: name: Katayama, Noboru
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: Despite their potential usefulness as a natural resource, wild edible bamboos tend to be ignored or neglected by foresters, and we know little about how environmental factors determine the productivity of edible culms. Here, to examine determinants for the productivity of edible culms of Sasa kurilensis, 60 survey plots were established in a northern Japanese forest, and annual field surveys were carried out over 3 years. The results show that the density and stem diameter of edible culms were determined by the local density and stem diameter, respectively, of old culms. This indicates that we can predict how many and what kind (thickness) of edible culms will be produced based on information about the demographic properties of old culms. Then, by using the GIS-linked data, the environmental factors that affect the demographic properties of old culms were explored. As a result, slope angle was the most influential environmental factor; that is, the density of old culms decreased but the stem diameter increased along the gradient of increasing slope angle. This indicates that the productivity of valuable culms in flat areas may be low since edible culms with small stem diameter are less valuable for eating. To confirm this, the productivity of valuable edible culms, which have a basal diameter larger than a specified thickness was estimated at each site, and a hump-shaped relationship between productivity of valuable edible culms and degree of slope angle shows that the productivity of valuable edible culms can be maximized at medium slope angle.
Indoor simultaneous localization and mapping based on fringe projection profilometry
Creators: name: Zhao, Yang
name: Zhang, Kai
name: Yu, Haotian
name: Zhang, Yi
name: Zheng, Dongliang
name: Han, Jing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (SLAM) plays an important role in outdoor and indoor applications ranging from autonomous driving to indoor robotics. Outdoor SLAM has been widely used with the assistance of LiDAR or GPS. For indoor applications, the LiDAR technique does not satisfy the accuracy requirement and the GPS signals will be lost. An accurate and efficient scene sensing technique is required for indoor SLAM. As the most promising 3D sensing technique, the opportunities for indoor SLAM with fringe projection profilometry (FPP) systems are obvious, but methods to date have not fully leveraged the accuracy and speed of sensing that such systems offer. In this paper, we propose a novel FPP-based indoor SLAM method based on the coordinate transformation relationship of FPP, where the 2D-to-3D descriptor-assisted is used for mapping and localization. The correspondences generated by matching descriptors are used for fast and accurate mapping, and the transform estimation between the 2D and 3D descriptors is used to localize the sensor. The provided experimental results demonstrate that the proposed indoor SLAM can achieve the localization and mapping accuracy around one millimeter.
OpenAPC: Daten, Workflows & Strategien
Creators: name: Broschinski, Christoph
name: Peil, Vitali
name: Pieper, Dirk
Publisher: name: Kolloquium Wissensinfrastruktur
Year: 2017

description: Im Vortrag wid die von der UB-Bielefeld koordinierte und von DINI unterstützte OpenAPC-Initiative (für die Publikation von Open Access Artikelbearbeitungsgebühren als Open Data) hinsichtlich ihrer Infrastruktur, teilnehmenden Institutionen, Visualisierungen und Anreicherungen der Daten vorgestellt. Desweiteren wird die technische Weiterentwicklung in Form des Exponierens von OpenAPC-Daten über OAI-PMH präsentiert.
description: Kolloquium Wissensinfrastruktur, Wintersemester 2017/2018
Potential for soil seed banks to drive vegetation changes in windswept Sasa grasslands in eastern Japan
Creators: name: Tamura, Atsushi
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Plant Biology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Windswept Sasa grasslands are stable communities but may have the potential to change into other vegetation such as forests through germination of the soil seed bank. I investigated the compositions of the vegetation and soil seed banks in two windswept Sasa grasslands in the Tanzawa Mountains, eastern Japan: Ryugababa (RGB) and Fudonomine (FDM). Tall tree and sub-tall tree seedlings were present in both grasslands but were below a dense cover of Sasa hayatae. The number of buried viable seeds was estimated as 2831 seeds m−2 comprising 39 species at RGB and 5786 seeds m−2 comprising 58 species at FDM, 70% of which were graminoids and 5−23% of which were sub-tall trees at both sites. Most sub-tall tree seeds were Weigela decora, which forms windswept scrub forests around Sasa grasslands. No seedlings of S. hayatae germinated from any of the soil seed bank samples. A habitat type analysis of the soil seed banks showed that the “other” type (species that are infrequent or do not belong to a particular plant association) had the highest relative dominance (approximately 70%), followed by windswept scrub forest (13−25%) at both sites. Sørensen’s similarity index between the vegetation and soil seed bank was low (39.6% in RGB and 47.1% in FDM), possibly because the dense Sasa cover prevents seedlings from germinating and growing. These results suggest that the soil seed banks in windswept Sasa grasslands have different species compositions from the vegetation and consequently have the potential to cause a shift to W. decora scrub forest.
A Mean-Field Analogue of the Hong-Ou-Mandel Experiment With Bright Solitons
Creators: name: Sun, Zhi-Yuan
name: Kevrekidis, Panayotis G.
name: Krüger, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the present work, we theoretically propose and numerically illustrate a mean-field analogue of the Hong-Ou-Mandel experiment with bright solitons. More specifically, we scatter two solitons off of each other (in our setup, the bright solitons play the role of a classical analogue to the quantum photons of the original experiment), while the role of the beam splitter is played by a repulsive Gaussian barrier. In our classical scenario, distinguishability of the particles yields, as expected, a $0.5$ split mass on either side. Nevertheless, for very slight deviations from the completely symmetric scenario a near-perfect transmission i.e., a $|2,0>e$ or a $|0,2 >$ state can be constructed instead, very similarly to the quantum mechanical output. We demonstrate this as a generic feature under slight variations of the relative soliton speed, or of the relative amplitude in a wide parametric regime. We also explore how variations of the properties of the "beam splitter" (i.e., the Gaussian barrier) affect this phenomenology.
description: 15 pages, 7 figures
Kann die Schule die Selbstwertentwicklung Jugendlicher positiv beeinflussen?
Creators: name: Schoreit, Edgar
name: Kuhn, Hans Peter
Publisher: name: Universität Kassel
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Selbstwertentwicklung
subject: Autonomie
subject: Adoleszenz
subject: Geschlecht
subject: Growth-Mixture-Modell
subject: development of global self-esteem
subject: autonomy
subject: adolescence
subject: gender
subject: growth-mixture model
subject: 370
subject: Selbstwertgefühl
subject: Entwicklung
subject: Autonomie
subject: Erwachsenwerden
subject: Geschlecht
subject: Schule

description: Gefördert im Rahmen eines Open-Access-Transformationsvertrags mit dem Verlag
Oscillations and confluence in three-magnon scattering of ferromagnetic resonance
Creators: name: Qu, Tao
name: Hamill, Alex
name: Victora, R. H.
name: Crowell, P. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have performed a time-resolved and phase-sensitive investigation of three-magnon scattering of ferromagnetic resonance (FMR) over several orders of magnitude in excitation power. We observe a regime that hosts transient oscillations of the FMR magnon population, despite higher-order magnon interactions at large powers. Also at high powers, the scattering generates $180^\circ$ phase shifts of the FMR magnons. These phase shifts correspond to reversals in the three-magnon scattering direction, between splitting and confluence. These scattering reversals are most directly observed after removing the microwave excitation, generating coherent oscillations of the FMR magnon population much larger than its steady-state value during the excitation. Our model is in strong agreement with these findings. These findings reveal the transient behavior of this three-magnon scattering process, and the nontrivial interplay between three-magnon scattering and the magnons' phases.
Open-Air, Broad-Bandwidth Trace-Gas Sensing with a Mid-Infrared Optical Frequency Comb
Creators: name: Nugent-Glandorf, Lora
name: Giorgetta, Fabrizio
name: Diddams, Scott A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A mid-Infrared frequency comb is produced via an optical parametric oscillator (OPO) pumped by an amplified 100 MHz Yb:fiber mode-locked laser. We use this source to make measurements of the concentration of the atmospherically-relevant species of CH4 and H2O over a bandwidth of 100 nm centered at 3.25 um. Multiple absorption lines for each species are detected with millisecond acquisition time using a virtually-imaged phased array (VIPA) spectrometer. The measured wavelength-dependent absorption profile is compared to and fitted by a model, yielding quantitative values of the atmospheric concentration of both CH4 and H2O in a controlled indoor environment, as well as over a 26 m open air outdoor path.
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung Nr. 57.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 25.03.1985, 08:15, erstellt von Sergio Cortesi, Sonnenobservatorium Specola Solare Ticinese in Locarno
Creators: name: Observatorium Specola Solare Ticinese Locarno (1957 bis 1980 Teil der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte der ETH Zürich)
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1985

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit schwarzer Farbe und Bleistift, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung für die Beobachtungen in Locarno-Monti auf einem eigenen Vordruck. Instrument: Zeiss-Coudé-Refraktor mit 15 cm Öffnung und 225 cm Brennweite. Bildqualität (SIDC): 4.
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden auf dem Vordruck eingetragen. Zusätzlich sind zuhanden der späteren statistischen Verarbeitung die Angaben für die Bestimmung der Fleckenrelativzahl notiert.
Beobachtungstätigkeit unter eigenständiger Leitung (Associazione Specola Solare Ticinese ASST)
TrueTop: A Sybil-Resilient System for User Influence Measurement on Twitter
Creators: name: Zhang, Jinxue
name: Zhang, Rui
name: Sun, Jingchao
name: Zhang, Yanchao
name: Zhang, Chi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Influential users have great potential for accelerating information dissemination and acquisition on Twitter. How to measure the influence of Twitter users has attracted significant academic and industrial attention. Existing influential measurement techniques, however, are vulnerable to sybil users that are thriving on Twitter. Although sybil defenses for online social networks have been extensively investigated, they commonly assume unique mappings from human-established trust relationships to online social associations and thus do not apply to Twitter where users can freely follow each other. This paper presents TrueTop, the first sybil-resilient system to measure the influence of Twitter users. TrueTop is firmly rooted in two observations from real Twitter datasets. First, although non-sybil users may incautiously follow strangers, they tend to be more careful and selective in retweeting, replying to, and mentioning other Twitter users. Second, influential users usually get much more retweets, replies, and mentions than non-influential users. Detailed theoretical studies and synthetic simulations show that TrueTop can generate very accurate influence measurement results and also have strong resilience to sybil attacks.
description: Accepted by IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking. This is the Final version
Cosmic F- and D-strings from pure Yang-Mills theory
Creators: name: Yamada, Masaki
name: Yonekura, Kazuya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the formation of cosmic strings or macroscopic color flux tubes after the deconfinement/confinement phase transition in the pure Yang-Mills theory. Based on holographic dual descriptions, these cosmic strings can be interpreted as fundamental (F-) strings or wrapped D-branes (which we call as D-strings) in the gravity side, depending on the structure of the gauge group. In fact, the reconnection probabilities of the F- and D-strings are suppressed by factors of $1/N^2$ and $e^{-c N}$, where $c = \mathcal{O}(1)$, in a large-$N$ limit, respectively. Supported by the picture of electric-magnetic duality, we discuss that color flux tubes form after the deconfinement/confinement phase transition, just like the formation of local cosmic strings after spontaneous symmetry breaking in the weak-U(1) gauge theory. We use an extended velocity-dependent one-scale model to describe the dynamics of the string network and calculate the gravitational wave signals from string loops. We also discuss the dependence on the size of produced string loops.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures; Letter accompanying "Cosmic strings from pure Yang-Mills theory"; v2: discussion for dependence on loop size added, conclusions unchanged
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung Nr. 160.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 21.07.1985, 08:30, erstellt von Marco Cortesi, Sonnenobservatorium Specola Solare Ticinese in Locarno
Creators: name: Observatorium Specola Solare Ticinese Locarno (1957 bis 1980 Teil der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte der ETH Zürich)
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1985

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit schwarzer Farbe und Bleistift, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung für die Beobachtungen in Locarno-Monti auf einem eigenen Vordruck. Instrument: Zeiss-Coudé-Refraktor mit 15 cm Öffnung und 225 cm Brennweite. Bildqualität (SIDC): 4.
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden auf dem Vordruck eingetragen. Zusätzlich sind zuhanden der späteren statistischen Verarbeitung die Angaben für die Bestimmung der Fleckenrelativzahl notiert.
Beobachtungstätigkeit unter eigenständiger Leitung (Associazione Specola Solare Ticinese ASST)
Long Range, Large Charge, Large $N$
Creators: name: Giombi, Simone
name: Helfenberger, Elizabeth
name: Khanchandani, Himanshu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study operators with large charge $j$ in the $d$-dimensional $O(N)$ model with long range interactions that decrease with the distance as $1/r^{d+s}$, where $s$ is a continuous parameter. We consider the double scaling limit of large $N$, large $j$ with $j/N=\hat{j}$ fixed, and identify the semiclassical saddle point that captures the two-point function of the large charge operators in this limit. The solution is given in terms of certain ladder conformal integrals that have recently appeared in the literature on fishnet models. We find that the scaling dimensions for general $s$ interpolate between $Δ_j \sim \frac{(d-s)}{2}j$ at small $\hat{j}$ and $Δ_j \sim \frac{(d+s)}{2}j$ at large $\hat{j}$, which is a qualitatively different behavior from the one found in the short range version of the $O(N)$ model. We also derive results for the structure constants and 4-point functions with two large charge and one or two finite charge operators. Using a description of the long range models as defects in a higher dimensional local free field theory, we also obtain the scaling dimensions in a complementary way, by mapping the problem to a cylinder in the presence of a chemical potential for the conserved charge.
description: 45 pages, 10 figures
Perspectives for Aeronautical Research in Europe 2019 Report
Creators: name: PARE
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: ACARE
PARE
Aeronautics
Aviation
Flightpath2050

description: One of the main objectives of the PARE project (https://www.pareproject.eu/) is to develop and provide recommendations for future actions for EU aviation research. The 2nd PARE yearly report consists of three parts. The PART I addresses the fundamental objective of considering the progress towards the 23 ACARE Goals, the gap eventually remaining and measures that could contribute to its closure. PART II considers several horizontal aspects related to multiple Flightpath 2050 objectives, such as market, competitive and cooperative conditions, emerging technologies and material and human resources. PART III consists of five specific detailed case studies on subjects that emerged from PARTS I and II and deserving of particular attention. Introduction (Chapter 1) lists a set of 68 recommendations based on the First Yearly Report contents, indicating the chapters, sections and subsections where background and justification are detailed. The report and the recommendations are based on open sources of information and open for improvements and contributions from the Aeronautical community.
Recurrent haploid selection in a population of sweet corn (Zea mays convar. saccharata)
Creators: name: Aichholz, Charlotte
name: Becker, Heiko C.
name: Horneburg, Bernd
Publisher: name: Universität Kassel
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: sweet corn
subject: maize
subject: breeding
subject: recurrent haploid selection
subject: mass selection
subject: organic population improvement
subject: 580
subject: Haploidenzüchtung
subject: Zuckermais
subject: Züchtung
subject: Effizienz

description: Gefördert im Rahmen des Projekts DEAL
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung Nr. 123.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 09.06.1985, 07:30, erstellt von Marco Cortesi, Sonnenobservatorium Specola Solare Ticinese in Locarno
Creators: name: Observatorium Specola Solare Ticinese Locarno (1957 bis 1980 Teil der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte der ETH Zürich)
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1985

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit schwarzer Farbe und Bleistift, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung für die Beobachtungen in Locarno-Monti auf einem eigenen Vordruck. Instrument: Zeiss-Coudé-Refraktor mit 15 cm Öffnung und 225 cm Brennweite. Bildqualität (SIDC): 3.
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden auf dem Vordruck eingetragen. Zusätzlich sind zuhanden der späteren statistischen Verarbeitung die Angaben für die Bestimmung der Fleckenrelativzahl notiert.
Beobachtungstätigkeit unter eigenständiger Leitung (Associazione Specola Solare Ticinese ASST)
Exponential moments for disk counting statistics of random normal matrices in the critical regime
Creators: name: Charlier, Christophe
name: Lenells, Jonatan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We obtain large $n$ asymptotics for the $m$-point moment generating function of the disk counting statistics of the Mittag-Leffler ensemble. We focus on the critical regime where all disk boundaries are merging at speed $n^{-\smash{\frac{1}{2}}}$, either in the bulk or at the edge. As corollaries, we obtain two central limit theorems and precise large $n$ asymptotics of all joint cumulants (such as the covariance) of the disk counting function. Our results can also be seen as large $n$ asymptotics for $n\times n$ determinants with merging planar discontinuities.
description: 23 pages, 1 figure
Complex quantum networks as structured environments: engineering and probing
Creators: name: Nokkala, Johannes
name: Galve, Fernando
name: Zambrini, Roberta
name: Maniscalco, Sabrina
name: Piilo, Jyrki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider structured environments modeled by bosonic quantum networks and investigate the probing of their spectral density, structure, and topology. We demonstrate how to engineer a desired spectral density by changing the network structure. Our results show that the spectral density can be very accurately detected via a locally immersed quantum probe for virtually any network configuration. Moreover, we show how the entire network structure can be reconstructed by using a single quantum probe. We illustrate our findings presenting examples of spectral densities and topology probing for networks of genuine complexity.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures. v3: update to match published version
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung Nr. 171.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 01.08.1985, 08:30, erstellt von Marco Cortesi, Sonnenobservatorium Specola Solare Ticinese in Locarno
Creators: name: Observatorium Specola Solare Ticinese Locarno (1957 bis 1980 Teil der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte der ETH Zürich)
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1985

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit schwarzer Farbe und Bleistift, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung für die Beobachtungen in Locarno-Monti auf einem eigenen Vordruck. Instrument: Zeiss-Coudé-Refraktor mit 15 cm Öffnung und 225 cm Brennweite. Bildqualität (SIDC): 4.
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden auf dem Vordruck eingetragen. Zusätzlich sind zuhanden der späteren statistischen Verarbeitung die Angaben für die Bestimmung der Fleckenrelativzahl notiert.
Beobachtungstätigkeit unter eigenständiger Leitung (Associazione Specola Solare Ticinese ASST)
Theoretical study of the $γd \to π^0ηd$ reaction
Creators: name: Torres, A. Martinez
name: Khemchandani, K. P.
name: Oset, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have done a theoretical study of the $γd \to π^0 ηd$ reaction starting with a realistic model for the $γN \to π^0 ηN$ reaction that reproduces cross sections and polarization observables at low energies and involves the $γN \to Δ(1700)\to ηΔ(1232) \to ηπ^0 N$ process. For the coherent reaction in the deuteron we considered the impulse approximation together with the rescattering of the pions and the $η$ on a different nucleon than the one where they are produced. We found this second mechanism very important since it helps share between two nucleons the otherwise large momentum transfer of the reaction. Other contributions to the $γd\toπ^0ηd$ reaction, involving the $γN\to π^\pmπ^0 N^\prime$ process, followed by the rescattering of the $π^\pm$ with another nucleon to give $η$ and a nucleon, have also been included. We find a natural explanation, tied to the dynamics of our model, for the shift of the $η-d$ mass distribution to lower invariant masses, and of the $π^0-d$ mass distribution to larger invariant masses, compared to a phase space calculation. We also study theoretical uncertainties related to the large momenta of the deuteron wave function involved in the process as well as to the couplings present in the model. Striking differences are found with the experimental angular distribution and further theoretical investigations might be necessary.
description: Published version
Critical Balance and Scaling of Strongly Stratified Turbulence at Low Prandtl Number
Creators: name: Skoutnev, Valentin A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We extend the scaling relations of stably stratified turbulence from the geophysical regime of unity Prandtl number to the astrophysical regime of extremely small Prandtl number applicable to stably stratified regions of stars and gas giants. A transition to a new turbulent regime is found to occur when the Prandtl number drops below the inverse of the buoyancy Reynolds number, i.e. $PrRb<1$, which signals a shift of the dominant balance in the buoyancy equation. Application of critical balance arguments then derives new predictions for the anisotropic energy spectrum and dominant balance of the Boussinesq equations in the $PrRb\ll1$ regime. We find that all the standard scaling relations from the unity $Pr$ limit of stably stratified turbulence simply carry over if the Froude number, $Fr$, is replaced by a modified Froude number, $Fr_M\equiv Fr/(PrRb)^{1/4}$. The geophysical and astrophysical regimes are thus smoothly connected across the $PrRb=1$ transition. Applications to vertical transport in stellar radiative zones and modification to the instability criterion for the small-scale dynamo are discussed.