cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Determinantal Representations and Bézoutians
Creators: name: Kummer, Mario
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We show that for every smooth hyperbolic polynomial h there is another hyperbolic polynomial q such that qh has a definite determinantal representation. This is proved by considering sum-of-squares decompositions of certain bilinear forms called Bézoutians. Besides commutative algebra, the proof relies on results from real algebraic geometry.
description: v2: differently organized
On an inverse problem for scalar conservation laws
Creators: name: Holden, Helge
name: Priuli, Fabio Simone
name: Risebro, Nils Henrik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35L03, 35R30

description: We study in what sense one can determine the function $k=k(x)$ in the scalar hyperbolic conservation law $u_t+(k(x)f(u))_x=0$ by observing the solution $u(t,\dott)$ of the Cauchy problem with initial data $u|_{t=0}=u_o$.
description: 35 pages, 4 figures
title: Arbeitsteilungsmuster bei der Ernährungsversorgung von Familien – Persistenz oder Wandel?
Creators: name: Häußler, Angela
name: Meier-Gräwe, Uta
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Arbeitsteilungsmuster
subject: Care
subject: Doing Gender
subject: Ernährungsversorgung
subject: Geschlechtsidentität
subject: Hausarbeit
subject: Organisation des Essalltags
subject: Unbezahlte Arbeit
subject: ddc:303

description: Wie Zeitbudgeterhebungen und andere empirische Erhebungen für Deutschland zeigen, haben sich die Arbeitsteilungsmuster im Haushalt trotz gestiegener Bildungs- und Erwerbsbeteiligung von Frauen in den letzten Jahrzehnten kaum geändert. Die Ursachen liegen in der gesellschaftlichen Ordnung der Geschlechter, die nach wie vor durch strukturelle Rahmenbedingungen gestützt wird. Auf der individuellen Ebene bildet sich der Dualismus in geschlechtstypischen Identitätskonzepten ab, hier haben Arbeitsteilungsmuster eine konstitutive Funktion.
State Constrained Controller for Docking of a Payload-carrying Space Robot
Creators: name: Anonymous
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: The figures show the thruster alignment and the additional test cases carried out along with the one mentioned in the paper. The parameters are tuned for the no-payload case and tested with 5kg and 1kg payloads. A detailed explanation of the 5kg payload case is provided in the paper. In these figures, one would find the tracking performance of the controller with no payload and 1 kg payload, compared to the 5 kg payload case. Further, the 1 kg payload is placed at an offset position from the robot's center of mass to create an asymmetry in the inertia. The video shows the tracking performance of the controller in no-load and 1 kg load cases. A plot is added to the video to highlight the desired trajectory and actual trajectory.
State Constrained Controller for Docking of a Payload-carrying Space Robot
Creators: name: Anonymous
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: The figures show the additional test cases carried out along with the one mentioned in the paper. The parameters are tuned for the no-payload case and tested with 5kg and 1kg payloads. A detailed explanation of the 5kg payload case is provided in the paper. In these figures, one would find the tracking performance of the controller with no payload and 1 kg payload, compared to the 5 kg payload case. Further, the 1 kg payload is placed at an offset position from the robot's center of mass to create an asymmetry in the inertia. The video shows the tracking performance of the controller in no-load and 1 kg load cases. A plot is added to the video to highlight the desired trajectory and actual trajectory.
Syrian Refugees in Canada: A Qualitative Report of the Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Psychosocial Adaptation
Creators: Devereux, Chloe
Publisher: name: University of Alberta Library
Year: 2023

Due to the ongoing conflict in Syria, approximately 50,000 Syrian refugees arrived in Canada between 2015 and 2020. Upon arrival, Syrians needed to find housing, employment, healthcare, and language training. They also had to address psychosocial needs, such as cultivating social supports and establishing a sense of safety, which are critical for mitigating trauma and stress related to resettlement. In March 2020, the global COVID-19 pandemic was declared, and disproportionately impacted refugees by compounding pre-existing and systemic health, social, and economic inequities. Refugees are identified as particularly vulnerable during the pandemic due to the precarious working, living, economic, and health conditions they often face. Only three Canadian studies to date have explored Syrian refugee experiences during COVID-19: one used quantitative methods, the other focused on postnatal women, and one explored housing stability. Therefore, there is a dearth of qualitative information regarding how Syrian refugees in Canada have been impacted by the pandemic, especially regarding their psychosocial adaptation during this period. This study explored the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic for Syrian refugees in Canada and identified supports needed, from the perspectives of Syrian refugees themselves. This study is embedded within a broader community-based participatory research project investigating psychosocial adaptation with the Syrian refugee community and used qualitative description and thematic analysis to examine semi-structured interviews conducted with 10 Syrian refugees. Through this thesis study, I found four themes: Facing Ongoing Development, Inequity, and Insecurity During Integration; Disruption of Settlement, Integration, and Adaptation due to the Pandemic; Ongoing Adaptation and Resilience During Integration in Canada; and Ongoing Needs and Solutions for Integration and Adaptation. Implications for policy, practice and future research are discussed.
Seismic Imaging of the Sedimentary and Upper Crustal Structures of the Western Canada Sedimentary Basin
Creators: Zhang, Cheng
Publisher: name: University of Alberta Library
Year: 2023

Secondary converted waves from receiver functions are highly sensitive to physical properties below the Earth’s surface. When modeled properly, the waveforms of converted waves offer direct constraints on the impedance contrast, depth, and P-to-S velocity ratio pertaining to sedimentary, crustal and mantle interfaces. In this thesis we introduce a nonlinear waveform inversion algorithm that matches the first 5 seconds of receiver functions recorded in the Alberta Basin within the Western Canada Sedimentary Basin (WCSB). Our algorithm searches for the optimal thickness of the sedimentary cover and shear velocities of appropriately selected layers within and below it. Combining inversions with forward simulations, we determine the supracrustal stratigraphy from the regional broadband seismic stations in the WCSB. The inverted models show east tapering sedimentary layers with their thicknesses ranging from ~6 km beneath the foothills of the Rocky Mountains to 3-4 km beneath the Alberta Basin. This finding is consistent with the sedimentary strata determined from regional well-logging data. Our shear velocity models near the top of the basement complement the existing sonic-logs or single component seismic data and offer new constraints on the subsidence history of the WCSB. The resolved range of depths (0-14 km) effectively bridges the gap between the vertical scales of well logging (0-6 km) and those of traditional broadband analysis (> 10 km) involving receiver functions and surface waves. The S-velocity model of the study area reveals (1) the existence of sedimentary low velocity zones of variable thicknesses and amplitudes, (2) the existence of upper-middle crustal anomalous shear velocity zones, and (3) the tectonic evolution history of the subsidence of the Alberta Basin. These findings contribute to better understanding of the tectonic structure and evolution history of the Western Canada Sedimentary Basin.
Quantum Kerr(Newman) degenerate stringy vacua in 4D on a non-BPS brane
Creators: name: Singh, Sunita
name: Pandey, K. Priyabrat
name: Singh, Abhishek K.
name: Kar, Supriya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate some of the quantum gravity effects on a vacuum created pair of $(D{\bar D})_3$-brane by a non-linear $U(1)$ gauge theory on a $D_4$-brane. In particular we obtain a four dimensional quantum Kerr(Newman) black hole in an effective torsion curvature formalism sourced by a two form dynamics in the world-volume of a $D_4$-brane on $S^1$. Interestingly the event horizon is found to be independent of a non-linear electric charge and the $4D$ quantum black hole is shown to describe a degenerate vacua in string theory. We show that the quantum Kerr brane universe possesses its origin in a de Sitter vacuum. In a nearly $S_2$-symmetric limit the Kerr geometries may seen to describe a Schwarzschild and Reissner-Nordstrom quantum black holes. It is argued that a quantum Reissner-Nordstrom tunnels to a large class of degenerate Schwazschild vacua. In a low energy limit the non-linear electric charge becomes significant at the expense of the degeneracies. In the limit the quantum geometries may identify with the semi-classical black holes established in Einstein gravity. Analysis reveals that a quantum geometry on a vacuum created $D_3$-brane universe may be described by a low energy perturbative string vacuum in presence of a non-perturbative quantum correction.
description: 46 pages, 9 figures, 1 table, revised with an added subsection and two figures
Asymptotic analysis and dependent construction of Bayesian nonparameric models
Creators: Zhang, Junxi
Publisher: name: University of Alberta Library
Year: 2023

Bayesian nonparametric models have gained increasing attention due to their flexibility in modelling natural and social phenomena and have been widely applied in machine learning, biology, social science and so on. Unlike traditional Bayesian parametric models, Bayesian nonparametric models place priors on an infinite dimensional space and allow the model itself to be determined by data. To understand and apply Bayesian nonparametric models, the properties, especially the asymptotic analysis, of the priors and posteriors of Bayesian nonparametric models should be studied. In this dissertation, various asymptotic problems for Bayesian nonparametric priors and posteriors are studied, and two dependent Bayesian nonparametric priors are constructed. This thesis includes three main parts corresponding to three papers. In the first part, we obtain the strong law of large numbers, Glivenko-Cantelli theorem, central limit theorem, functional central limit theorem for various Bayesian nonparametric priors which include the stick-breaking process with general iid stick-breaking weights, the two-parameter Poisson-Dirichlet process, the normalized inverse Gaussian process, the normalized generalized gamma process, and the generalized

Dirichlet process. For the stick-breaking process with general iid stick-breaking weights, two general conditions are formulated such that the asymptotic theorems hold. In the

second part, we present the posterior consistency analysis for normalized random measures with independent increments (NRMIs) through the corresponding Levy intensities, which can be used to characterize the completely random measures in the construction of NRMIs. An assumption based on the Levy intensities for analysing the posterior consistency of NRMIs is introduced and verified with multiple examples. Furthermore, we derive the Bernstein-von Mises theorem for the normalized generalized gamma process, based on which, credible intervals are constructed with some discussions and numerical illustration. In the third part, we construct two classes of dependent Bayesian nonparametric models through the normalization of completely random measures driven by Cox processes. We provide multiple distribution theories for the two constructions including moments, probabilistic characterizations of the induced random partition structures by the hierarchical models, distributions of the random partition numbers.
Supplementary information, figures, tables and references from Gender differences in cooperation across 20 societies: a meta-analysis
Creators: name: Spadaro, Giuliana
name: Jin, Shuxian
name: Balliet, Daniel
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 60801 Animal Behaviour
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Past research hypothesized that men and women differ in their tendency to cooperate with strangers in situations that involve a conflict of interests. However, recent empirical research has provided converging evidence that men and women cooperate to a similar extent, and that differences in cooperation can emerge in response to specific situational and societal contexts. Here we analyse six decades of empirical research on human cooperation using social dilemmas (1961–2017, k = 126) conducted across 20 industrialized societies, testing pre-registered hypotheses derived from evolutionary theory and social role theory. Overall, our findings revealed little-to-no evidence for an association between gender and cooperation using different meta-analytic approaches. We did not find within-study differences in cooperation between men and women (d = 0.011, 95%CI [−0.038,0.060]). However, cooperation was slightly higher across studies with predominantly female samples (k = 972). In addition, contrary to our predictions, gender differences in cooperation did not emerge in response to the degree of conflicting interests in the situation, and societal levels of gender equality and economic development. We discuss the implications of these findings for our understanding of gender differences in cooperation.This article is part of the theme issue ‘Cooperation among women: evolutionary and cross-cultural perspectives’.
Search for TeV-Scale Neutrino Dimuon Events with 10.7 Years of IceCube Data
Creators: Sarkar, Sourav
Publisher: name: University of Alberta Library
Year: 2023

The IceCube neutrino observatory is a gigaton Cherenkov detector located at the geographic south pole. The experiment is designed to detect neutrinos originating from the atmosphere and astrophysical objects over a huge energy range from 10 GeV to 10 PeV. Information about the interacting neutrinos is extracted from the event reconstructions and identification of the event topologies, constituting probes to study high-energy particle physics and astrophysics. Typically, muon neutrinos produce a single muon from their interactions in ice via deep inelastic scattering (DIS) processes. However, in some fraction of the cases, the Standard Model predicts the production of two closely spaced high energy muons from the same neutrino interaction, referred to as dimuon. Detection of these events in IceCube can be a powerful tool to study rare standard model neutrino interactions and search for physics beyond the Standard Model at an energy scale beyond the reach of current accelerator neutrino experiments. However, identifying dimuon events in IceCube is very challenging due to the limited detector resolution, and no such events have been observed prior to this work.

The primary contribution of the dimuon events within the Standard Model framework arises from the charm quark production in neutrino DIS processes. An additional subdominant standard model channel, called neutrino trident production, can also produce dimuon events. This thesis performs an inclusive search for such dimuon events in IceCube. The search analysis uses an event classification method developed based on advanced machine learning algorithms called graph neural networks to identify the dimuon events. The outcome of the event classification is then used to define two overlapping signal regions for the search. The analysis of 10.67 years of IceCube data used in this work reports the first non-zero observation of dimuon event candidates. A single event is observed in one signal region with a prediction of 0.21 background contamination, resulting in a dimuon signal significance of 1.31$\sigma$. The measurement in the second, higher statistics signal region reports the observation of 4 events against a background prediction of 2.13 events. The pure single muon background-only hypothesis is rejected at 1.15$\sigma$ for this region.
Ginzburg-Landau phase diagram of QCD near chiral critical point - chiral defect lattice and solitonic pion condensate -
Creators: name: Abuki, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the influence of the isospin asymmetry on the phase structure of quark matter near the chiral critical point systematically using a generalized version of Ginzburg-Landau approach. The effect has proven to be so profound that it brings about not only a shift of the critical point but also a rich variety of phases in its neighborhood. In particular, there shows up a phase with spatially varying charged pion condensate which we name the "solitonic pion condensate" in addition to the "chiral defect lattice" where the chiral condensate is partially destructed by periodic placements of two-dimensional wall-like defects. Our results suggest that there may be an island of solitonic pion condensate in the low temperature and high density side of QCD phase diagram.
description: 5 pages, 4 eps figures; v2: version accepted for publication in PLB
Posets with cover graph of pathwidth two have bounded dimension
Creators: name: Biró, Csaba
name: Keller, Mitchel T.
name: Young, Stephen J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 06A07, 05C75, 05C83

description: Joret, Micek, Milans, Trotter, Walczak, and Wang recently asked if there exists a constant $d$ such that if $P$ is a poset with cover graph of $P$ of pathwidth at most $2$, then $\dim(P)\leq d$. We answer this question in the affirmative by showing that $d=17$ is sufficient. We also show that if $P$ is a poset containing the standard example $S_5$ as a subposet, then the cover graph of $P$ has treewidth at least $3$.
description: 18 pages, 9 figures, accepted for publication in Order
NAUTILOS D8.1 - Technical documentation and operational field primary data capture system
Creators: name: Novellino, Antonio
name: Misurale, Francesco
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: www.nautilos-h2020.eu

description: The Deliverable collects a review of standards and best practices to be applied to field operation and data collection, e.g. sensor calibration, data cross-platform validation etc. It takes into consideration the guideline from European Networks (EuroGOOS WGs/TTs, EMODnet, SeaDataNet, Copernicus Marine Service, AtlantOS, EuroSEA, JERICO NEXT/S3) as well as international ones (OceanGliders, ARGO, AniBOS, etc.) and provides the reader links to find documentation and best practices to be applied.
Bifurcation in entanglement renormalization group flow of a gapped spin model
Creators: name: Haah, Jeongwan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study entanglement renormalization group transformations for the ground states of a spin model, called cubic code model $H_A$ in three dimensions, in order to understand long-range entanglement structure. The cubic code model has degenerate and locally indistinguishable ground states under periodic boundary conditions. In the entanglement renormalization, one applies local unitary transformations on a state, called disentangling transformations, after which some of the spins are completely disentangled from the rest and then discarded. We find a disentangling unitary to establish equivalence of the ground state of $H_A$ on a lattice of lattice spacing $a$ to the tensor product of ground spaces of two independent Hamiltonians $H_A$ and $H_B$ on lattices of lattice spacing $2a$. We further find a disentangling unitary for the ground space of $H_B$ with the lattice spacing $a$ to show that it decomposes into two copies of itself on the lattice of the lattice spacing $2a$. The disentangling transformations yield a tensor network description for the ground state of the cubic code model. Using exact formulas for the degeneracy as a function of system size, we show that the two Hamiltonians $H_A$ and $H_B$ represent distinct phases of matter.
description: 13 pages + supplementary Mathematica file containing calculation. (v2) Added a section on an algebro-geometric criterion for bifurcation
Lifting the Voices of Adopted Teens and Emerging Adults in LGBTQ+ Families: A Narrative Inquiry
Creators: Brosinsky, Larissa H
Publisher: name: University of Alberta Library
Year: 2023

One in five Canadians are touched by adoption in their life, encompassing over 162,000 people in the city of Edmonton, and over seven million people across Canada (Adoption Council of Canada, n.d.). The “adopted family” has become very diverse over the past few decades, with many lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer  (LGBTQ+) and other couples now successfully adopting children, with these adoption rates likely continuing to rise (Farr & Vázquez, 2020a, 2020b). The small body of research currently available on people who are adopted indicates that many youth and adolescent adoptees struggle disproportionately with depression, grief, identity crises, and suicide (Wiley, 2017). Interestingly, more recent research suggests that these concerns do not persist into adulthood, with adult adoptees becoming just as well-adjusted as their non-adopted peers despite experiences of early adversity and misbehaviour (Holmgren & Elovainio, 2019). Currently available research is limited in that it does not explore the lived experiences of adolescent and young adult adoptees from their own perspectives, a gap that this study aims to begin bridging.

This study explored the lived experiences of two adoptees, Sarah (age 21) and Dolores (age 13), with the goal of co-constructing a narrative of their experiences being adopted into LGBTQ+ families. Sarah’s experiences highlighted the following strengths: LGBTQ+ parents, LGBTQ+ community, strong female role models, and cultural exploration. Dolores’ lived experiences underscored the following as strengths in her life: humor and openness, supportive friendships, LGBTQ+ parents and their chosen family, and superhero role models. A discussion of how these narratives relate to the literature (a) explores adoptee challenges as external, (b) highlights the importance of adoptee resiliency and conducting flexible research, (c) acknowledges the importance of developmental levels, and (d) identifies LGBTQ+ families as assets. Limitations of the study and directions for future research are explored.
NAUTILOS D8.2 - Interoperability requirements definition
Creators: name: Colombo, Federica
name: Novellino, Antonio
name: Gianvincenzo, Anna
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: www.nautilos-h2020.eu

description: This deliverable describes the machine-to-machine standards and protocols. It considers both common interoperability recommendations (e.g. OGC - Open Geospatial Consortium) up to European Directives for metadata description e.g. INSPIRE. The analysis will support the selection of dissemination channels and services as well as the data and metadata presentation.
Additional file 1 of Cooking skills, living alone, and mortality: JAGES cohort study
Creators: name: Tani, Yukako
name: Fujiwara, Takeo
name: Anzai, Tatsuhiko
name: Kondo, Katsunori
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Supplementary Material 1
Analytical solution of stochastic model of risk-spreading with global coupling
Creators: name: Morita, Satoru
name: Yoshimura, Jin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: We study a stochastic matrix model to understand the mechanics of risk-spreading (or bet-hedging) by dispersion. Such model has been mostly dealt numerically except for well-mixed case, so far. Here, we present an analytical result, which shows that optimal dispersion leads to Zipf's law. Moreover, we found that the arithmetic ensemble average of the total growth rate converges to the geometric one, because the sample size is finite.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures
Uhlmann Phase as a Topological Measure for One-Dimensional Fermion Systems
Creators: name: Viyuela, O.
name: Rivas, A.
name: Martin-Delgado, M. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce the Uhlmann geometric phase as a tool to characterize symmetry-protected topological phases in 1D fermion systems, such as topological insulators and superconductors. Since this phase is formulated for general mixed quantum states, it provides a way to extend topological properties to finite temperature situations. We illustrate these ideas with some paradigmatic models and find that there exists a critical temperature $T_c$ at which the Uhlmann phase goes discontinuously and abruptly to zero. This stands as a borderline between two different topological phases as a function of the temperature. Furthermore, at small temperatures we recover the usual notion of topological phase in fermion systems.
description: Close to published version. Accepted in PRL
Radio limits on off-axis GRB afterglows and VLBI observations of SN 2003gk
Creators: name: Bietenholz, M. F.
name: De Colle, F.
name: Granot, J.
name: Bartel, N.
name: Soderberg, A. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on a VLA survey for late-time radio emission from 59 supernovae (SNe) of Type I b/c, which have been associated with long-duration gamma-ray bursts (GRBs). An "off-axis" GRB burst (i.e. whose relativistic jet points away from us) is expected to have late-time radio emission even in the absence of significant prompt gamma-ray emission. From our sample, we detected only SN 2003gk with an 8.4-GHz flux density of $2260 \pm 130 \,μ$Jy. Our subsequent VLBI observations of SN 2003gk, at an age of $\sim$8 yr, allowed us to determine its radius to be $(2.4 \pm 0.4) \times 10^{17}$ cm, or $94 \pm 15$ light days. This radius rules out relativistic expansion as expected for an off-axis GRB jet, and instead suggests an expansion speed of $\sim 10\:000$ km s$^{-1}$ typical for non-relativistic core-collapse supernovae. We attribute the late-onset radio emission to interaction of the ejecta with a dense shell caused by episodic mass-loss from the progenitor. In addition, we present new calculations for the expected radio lightcurves from GRB jets at various angles to the line of sight, and compare these to our observed limits on the flux densities of the remainder of our SN sample. From this comparison we can say that only a fraction of broadlined Type I b/c SNe have a radio-bright jet similar to those seen for GRB afterglows at cosmological distances. However, we also find that for a reasonable range of parameters, as might be representative of the actual population of GRB events rather than the detected bright ones, the radio emission from the GRB jets can be quite faint, and that at present, radio observations do not place strong constraints on off-axis GRB jets.
description: 12 Pages, 6 figures; accepted for publication in MNRAS
Method and Precursors for Producing Oxostannate Rich Films
Creators: name: Arkles, Barry
name: Pan, Youlin
name: Yang, Li
name: Goff, Jonathan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: EUV lithography
subject: Organotin Chemistry
subject: Thin Films
subject: Semiconductor Fabrication
subject: Extreme Ultraviolet Lithography
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Conductive Oxides

description: A method for forming a fluorinated oxostannate film involves vaporizing a volatile fluorinated alkyltin compound having at least two hydrolytically sensitive functional groups or at least two reactive functional groups which are sensitive to oxidation at a temperature greater than 200° C.; providing a substrate; physisorbing or chemisorbing the fluorinated alkyltin compound onto the substrate; and exposing the physisorbed or chemisorbed fluorinated alkyltin compound to a sequence of hydrolysis, irradiation, and/or oxidation steps to form the fluorinated oxostannate thin film on the substrate. Fluorinated alkyltin compounds having formula (I) are also described, in which Rf is a fluorinated or partially fluorinated linear or branched alkyl group having about 1 to about 5 carbon atoms, X is a dialkylamino group having about 1 to about 4 carbon atoms, and n is 1 or 2: (RfCH2)nSnX(4-n) (I).
description: {"references": ["US Pat. 11,459,656B1"]}
Complementarity of Quantum Correlations in Cloning and Deleting of Quantum State
Creators: name: Sazim, Sk
name: Chakrabarty, Indranil
name: Datta, Anewsha
name: Pati, Arun K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We quantify the amount of correlation generated between two different output modes in the process of im- perfect cloning and deletion processes. We use three different measures of correlations and study their role in determining the fidelity of the cloning and deletion. We obtain a bound on the total correlation generated in the successive process of cloning and deleting operations. This displays a new kind of complementary relationship between the quantum correlation required in generating a copy of a quantum state and the amount of correlation required in bringing it back to the original state by deleting and vice versa. Our result shows that better we clone (delete) a state, more difficult it will be to bring the state back to its original form by the process of deleting (cloning).
description: 10 pages, 3 figures, Accepted in Physical Review A
A family of optimal locally recoverable codes
Creators: name: Tamo, Itzhak
name: Barg, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: A code over a finite alphabet is called locally recoverable (LRC) if every symbol in the encoding is a function of a small number (at most $r$) other symbols. We present a family of LRC codes that attain the maximum possible value of the distance for a given locality parameter and code cardinality. The codewords are obtained as evaluations of specially constructed polynomials over a finite field, and reduce to a Reed-Solomon code if the locality parameter $r$ is set to be equal to the code dimension. The size of the code alphabet for most parameters is only slightly greater than the code length. The recovery procedure is performed by polynomial interpolation over $r$ points. We also construct codes with several disjoint recovering sets for every symbol. This construction enables the system to conduct several independent and simultaneous recovery processes of a specific symbol by accessing different parts of the codeword. This property enables high availability of frequently accessed data ("hot data").
description: Minor changes. This is the final published version of the paper
Vector Range Shifts Scoping Review Protocol
Creators: name: Greenland, Kristen
name: Glidden, Caroline
name: Couper, Lisa
name: Lyberger, Kelsey
name: Delwel, Isabel
name: Mordecai, Erin
name: Wilairat, Samantha
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Ecology and Evolutionary Biology
subject: Life Sciences
subject: Immunology and Infectious Disease
subject: Biology
subject: scoping review
subject: contraction
subject: protocol
subject: velocity
subject: sandfly
subject: poleward
subject: arthropod
subject: tick
subject: upslope
subject: mosquito

description: The first goal of this scoping review is to identify evidence for geographic range shifts in vectors that transmit pathogens of medical importance, including but not limited to mosquitoes in the genera Aedes, Anopheles, and Culex, ticks in the genera Ixodes and Dermacentor and sandflies in the genera Lutzomyia, Phlebotomus, Sergentomyia, Brumptomyia, Chinius, and Warileya. Within this body of evidence, the second goal is to critically evaluate the purported causes of vector species range shifts and the evidence used to make these causal attributions in each paper. The third goal is to identify the frequency and velocity of vector species range shifts that are attributable to climate change.
Twisted N=4 Super Yang-Mills Theory in Omega-background
Creators: name: Ito, Katsushi
name: Nakajima, Hiroaki
name: Sasaki, Shin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the twisted N=4 super Yang-Mills theories in the Omega-background with the constant R-symmetry Wilson line gauge field. Based on the classification of topological twists of N=4 supersymmetry (the half, the Vafa-Witten and the Marcus twists), we construct the deformed off-shell supersymmetry associated with the scalar supercharges for these twists. We find that the Omega-deformed action is written in the exact form with respect to the scalar supercharges as in the undeformed case.
description: 28 pages, 1 figure
Microstructural Analysis of Ni-WC Metal Matrix Composites Deposited Using Plasma Transferred Arc Additive Manufacturing
Creators: Rose, Dylan
Publisher: name: University of Alberta Library
Year: 2023

The objective of this thesis is to examine how the composition and solidification rate influences the thermal degradation of WC and the resulting microstructure of WC-Ni metal matrix composites (MMCs) deposited using plasma transferred arc additive manufacturing (PTA-AM). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and electron dispersive spectroscopy (EDX) were used to gather semi-quantitative compositional data. The thesis explores the effect of the composition of the metal matrix composite on the microstructure by altering the WC content, WC type, and metal matrix composition. The WC type and Cr content in the matrix played a significant role in the amount of dissolution-diffusion damage to the WC, resulting in the formation of complex carbides. The matrix microstructure consisted of Ni dendrites, a Ni halo around the primary dendrites, and a Ni/Ni3B eutectic.

Convolutional neural networks (CNN) were used to quantify the distribution of the WC in the PTA-AM samples by determining the carbide volume percent and mean free path. The final model could segment the WC particles with above 90\\% accuracy for the intersection over union (IOU), dice coefficient, and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve across the entire test dataset. Compared to the ground truth, the model calculated statistically similar values for the carbide volume percent and slightly more conservative values for the mean free path. It was found that the mean free path between carbides tended to increase with the height of the sample, which suggests more carbide degradation.

Electromagnetic levitation was used to estimate a relationship between the secondary dendrite arm spacing (SDAS) and the solidification cooling rate for 70wt% angular monocrystalline WC  in a NiBSi matrix. The relationship between SDAS and cooling rate was then used to determine the cooling rate at different heights throughout a PTA-AM build of the same composition. The composition of the phases present in the microstructure was determined for the different cooling rates that are experienced during the complex thermal cycling of PTA-AM. The phase and composition data are compared to Scheil solidification conditions using Thermo-calc software. The culmination of this data provides a microstructural analysis of 70wt% WC - NiBSi of cooling rates up to 1000°C/s.
Abundances and possible diffusion of elements in M67 stars
Creators: name: Önehag, Anna
name: Gustafsson, Bengt
name: Korn, Andreas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a spectroscopic study at high resolution, R~50,000, of 14 stars located on the main sequence, at the turn-off point and on the early subgiant branch in the cluster M67 in order to investigate its detailed chemical composition, for comparison with the Sun and solar twins in the solar neighbourhood, and to explore selective atomic diffusion of chemical elements as predicted by stellar-structure theory. We have obtained VLT/FLAMES-UVES spectra and analysed these strictly differentially in order to explore chemical-abundance similarities and differences between the M67 stars and the Sun, and among the M67 stars themselves. Individual abundances of 19 different chemical elements are obtained for the stars. They are found to agree very well with solar abundances, with abundance ratios closer to solar than those of most solar twins in the solar neighbourhood. An exception is Li which shows a considerable scatter among the cluster stars. There is a tendency for the cluster-star abundances to be depleted relative to the abundances in the field stars in correlation with the condensation temperature of the elements, a tendency earlier found also for the Sun. The results support the hypothesis that the gas of the proto-cluster was depleted by formation and cleansing of dust before the stars formed. They also add support to the proposal that the Sun was once formed in a dense stellar environment. Moreover, the observed minor reductions of heavy elements in the atmospheres of the dwarfs and turn-off point stars relative to our standard star M67-1194 and the subgiants seem to suggest that diffusion processes are at work in these stars, although the evidence is not compelling. Based on theoretical models the diffusion-corrected initial metallicity of M67 is estimated to be [Fe/H]=+0.06.
description: 14 pages, 9 figures, 5 tables. Accepted for publication in section 8. Stellar atmospheres of Astronomy and Astrophysics. Minor language corrections and an update of section 4.1 as compared to previous publication
An alternative explanation of the dibaryon suggested by experiments at the WASA facility at the FZ Julich Cooler synchrotron
Creators: name: Bugg, D V
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A series of publications of the WASA collaboration culminates in a recent paper of Pricking, Bashkanov and Clement [1] claiming a dibaryon resonance at 2370 MeV. However, as explained here, there are logical flaws in this result. A natural alternative arises from the reaction pd -> N N*(1440)p_s where p_s is a spectator proton. There is supporting evidence from a recent experiment of Mielke et al. on dp -> 3He-piplus-piminus
description: 5 pages, 1 figure. This is a revised version which makes use of supporting evidence from the recent experiment of Mielke et al. Conclusions remain unchanged
Patch Robustness Certification for Transformer via Black-box Testing Approach
Creators: Huang, Yuheng
Publisher: name: University of Alberta Library
Year: 2023

In recent years, deep neural networks (DNNs) have revolutionized the field of artificial intelligence (AI), leading to breakthroughs in areas such as computer vision, natural language processing, and robotics. Despite their superior performance, studies have demonstrated that they are susceptible to input data changes, making them vulnerable to adversarial attacks, where malicious inputs are designed to deceive the DNNs and cause incorrect outputs. This can be a serious weakness for deploying DNNs in safety-critical scenarios, such as autonomous driving, medical diagnosis, face authentication, intruder detection and aircraft control.

More recently, we have witnessed the tremendous success of Transformer as a representative DNN architecture. Vision Transformer (ViT), a particular variant applied for vision tasks, has achieved state-of-the-art performance on various benchmark datasets, demonstrating its effectiveness in learning from large amounts of visual data. However, its robustness is still a major limitation. Its record-breaking performance comes at the cost of extreme sensitivity with respect to the inputs. Relevant studies also demonstrate that its ability to defend against a particular type of attack: physical patch attack, is even weaker than classical convolutional neural networks (CNNs). This poses a serious threat to the deployment of ViT in industries, especially in safety-critical domains.

In this work, we propose PatchCensor, a systematic approach that aims to improve the patch robustness of ViT in a black-box manner. By assuming the attackers have the maximum capability, we design a warning system that can detect the adversary's presence under the worst condition. Our methodology falls into the category of certified defense. Unlike empirical defenses, such approaches can provide a strong guarantee for the inference result. Existing certified defense methods often require substantial efforts in training and usually inevitably sacrifice the base model's performance. To bridge the gap, PatchCensor aims to improve the robustness of the whole system by detecting anomalous inputs rather than relying solely on training a robust model to provide accurate results for all inputs, which could potentially compromise its overall accuracy.
An imperfect double: probing the physical origin of the low-frequency QPO and its harmonic in black hole binaries
Creators: name: Axelsson, Magnus
name: Done, Chris
name: Hjalmarsdotter, Linnea
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We extract the spectra of the strong low-frequency quasi-periodic oscillation (QPO) and its harmonic during the rising phase of an outburst in the black-hole binary XTE J1550-564. We compare these frequency resolved spectra to the time-averaged spectrum and the spectrum of the rapid (<0.1s) variability. The spectrum of the time averaged emission can be described by a disc, a Compton upscattered tail, and its reflection. The QPO spectrum contains no detectable disc, and the Compton spectrum is generally harder than in the time averaged emission, and shows less reflection, making it very similar to the spectrum of the rapid variability. The harmonic likewise contains no detectable disc component, but has a Compton spectrum which is systematically softer than the QPO, softer even than the Compton tail in the time averaged emission. We interpret these results in the context of the Lense-Thirring model for the QPO, where a precessing hot flow replaces the inner disc, and the harmonic is produced by the angular dependence of Compton scattering within the hot flow. We extend these models to include stratification of the hot flow, so that it is softer (lower optical depth) at larger radii closer to the truncated disc, and harder (higher optical depth) in the innermost parts of the flow where the rapid variability is produced. The different optical depth with radius gives rise to different angular dependence of the Comptonised emission, weighting the fundamental to the inner parts of the hot flow, and the harmonic to the outer. This is the first model which can explain both the spectrum of the QPO and its harmonic in a self consistent geometry.
description: 7 pages, 2 figures. Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Efficacy of crustal superfluid neutrons in pulsar glitch models
Creators: name: Hooker, J.
name: Newton, W. G.
name: Li, Bao-An
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In order to assess the ability of purely crust-driven glitch models to match the observed glitch activity in the Vela pulsar, we conduct a systematic analysis of the dependence of the fractional moment of inertia of the inner crustal neutrons on the stiffness of the nuclear symmetry energy at saturation density $L$. We take into account both crustal entrainment and the fact that only a fraction $Y_{\rm g}$ of the core neutrons may couple to the crust on the glitch-rise timescale. We use a set of consistently-generated crust and core compositions and equations-of-state which are fit to results of low-density pure neutron matter calculations. When entrainment is included at the level suggested by recent microscopic calculations and the core is fully coupled to the crust, the model is only able to account for the Vela glitch activity for a 1.4$M_{\odot}$ star if the equation of state is particularly stiff $L>100$ MeV. However, an uncertainty of about 10\% in the crust-core transition density and pressure allows for the Vela glitch activity to be marginally accounted for in the range $L\approx30-60$MeV consistent with a range of experimental results. Alternatively, only a small amount of core neutrons need be involved. If less than 50\% of the core neutrons are coupled to the crust during the glitch, we can also account for the Vela glitch activity using crustal neutrons alone for EOSs consistent with the inferred range of $L$. We also explore the possibility of Vela being a high-mass neutron star, and of crustal entrainment being reduced or enhanced relative to its currently predicted values.
description: 10 pages, 6 figures
Additional file 1 of Trends in mortality from non-natural causes in children and adolescents (0–19 years) in Europe from 2000 to 2018
Creators: name: Tunesi, Sara
name: Tambuzzi, Stefano
name: Decarli, Adriano
name: Cattaneo, Cristina
name: Russo, Antonio Giampiero
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Joinpoint results by external causes 2000-2019 by gender.
Engineering nonlinear response of nanomaterials using Fano resonances
Creators: name: Turkpence, Deniz
name: Akguc, Gursoy B.
name: Bek, Alpan
name: Tasgin, Mehmet Emre
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that, nonlinear optical processes of nanoparticles can be controlled by the presence of interactions with a molecule or a quantum dot. By choosing the appropriate level spacing for the quantum emitter, one can either suppress or enhance the nonlinear frequency conversion. We reveal the underlying mechanism for this effect, which is already observed in recent experiments: (i) Suppression occurs simply because transparency induced by Fano resonance does not allow an excitation at the converted frequency. (ii) Enhancement emerges since nonlinear process can be brought to resonance. Path interference effect cancels the nonresonant frequency terms. We demonstrate the underlying physics using a simplified model, and we show that the predictions of the model are in good agreement with the 3-dimensional boundary element method (MNPBEM toolbox) simulations. Here, we consider the second harmonic generation in a plasmonic converter as an example to demonstrate the control mechanism. The phenomenon is the semi-classical analog of nonlinearity enhancement via electromagnetically induced transparency.
description: 10 pages, 6 figures