Phlebogryllacris venosa
Creators: name: Tan, Ming Kai
name: Wahab, Rodzay Bin Haji Abdul
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Orthoptera
Gryllacrididae
Phlebogryllacris
Phlebogryllacris venosa

description: Phlebogryllacris venosa (Walker, 1869)
(Figs. 5, 6)
Material examined. 1 male (KB.16.47), Brunei Darussalam, Ulu Temburong National Park, Kuala Belalong Field Studies Centre near Sungei Mata Ikan, primary ridge dipterocarp forest, N4.54727, E115.15731, 125.1± 11.1 m.a.s.l., on foliage of tree, feeding on mosses, 25 September 2016, 2156 hours, coll. M. K. Tan (dried pinned, ZRC).
3 males: 1 male (NHMUK 013454795), East Malaysia, Sabah, Sandakan district, River Labuk, Rumidi estate, ‘heavy forest’ near plantation, 50–150 ft., 14–31 September 1973, coll. C. J. M. Pruett; 1 male (NHMUK 13454800), East Malaysia, Sarawak, foot of Mount Dulit, junction of rivers Tinjar and Lejok, old secondary forest, 11 September 1932, coll. B. M. Hobby & A. W. Moore (Oxford University Expedition); 1 male (NHMUK 13454801), East Malaysia, Sarawak, foot of Mount Dulit, junction of rivers Tinjar and Lejok, old secondary forest, 30 August 1932, coll. B. M. Hobby & A. W. Moore (Oxford University Expedition) (all NHM).
New diagnosis. Blood red in colouration. Tegmen with anterior margin roundly produced basally, followed by a deep emargination between distal most precostal vein and costa, with peculiar venation. Male tenth abdominal tergite with two lateral spine-like sclerotized processes. Posterior margin of male subgenital plate with a middle lobe; apex narrowly incised.
Description. Male. Habitus as in Fig. 5. Head not enlarged, barely wider than the pronotum width (Fig. 6A), with length circa 0.3 times of pronotum length. Vertex of fastigium not raised, with apex truncated, about twice the width of antennal scapus (Fig. 6A). Eye black, oval and prominent, with length in profile circa 1.5 times the length of scapus, and width in profile slightly shorter than length of scapus; median ocellus pyriform and large (Fig. 6C). Ocelli large, relatively close to one another (Fig. 6C). Frons and genae smooth (Figs. 6B, 6C). Maxillary palps long and slender, apical, subapical, and third segments subequal length. Labrum oval, with ventral apex emarginated (Fig. 6C). Pronotal disc smooth, longer than wide; anterior margin convex in the middle, with a straight transverse sulcus anteriorly; swollen in the middle with slightly distinct longitudinal sulcus; swollen laterally at the posterior end with straight transverse sulcus just before posterior margin; posterior margin feebly emarginated in the middle (Fig. 6A). Lateral lobe also smooth, circa 2 times longer than deep, with four swollen sections separated by a deep sinuous sulcus; ventro-anterior angle broadly rounded, ventral margin slightly sinuous, ventral angle angular, and posterior margin straight to slightly sinuous (Fig. 6B). Prosternum unarmed. Lobes of mesosternum and metasternum barely raised, but each with subacute projection pointing posteriorly. Anterior coxa with a stout and slightly curved spine. Anterior and middle femora unarmed, anterior and middle tibiae with 4–5 subapical ventral spurs on each margin; spurs longest in the middle. Posterior femur with circa 9 subapical spines on outer margin and circa 14 on inner margin.
Tegmen with anterior margin roundly produced basally, followed by deeply emargination between distal most precostal vein and costa vein. Tegminal venation unique (Fig. 6D): three precostal veins simple and ending near margin. Costal vein simple. Radial vein three-branched; forked slightly before middle; one branch forked before apex. Radial sector diverges from radial vein near middle, forked into two branches in the middle; each branch forked again, one nearer to base and the other nearer to apex. Medial and cubitus veins united basally, then branched off. Medial vein forked again near its base.
Four stridulatory rows on first and second abdominal tergites, two on each tergite. Anterior row nearly straight, with 13 peg-like teeth; second row on first tergite angularly bent, with circa 18 teeth; third row straight, with 19 teeth; posterior row straight, with circa 20 teeth.
Eighth abdominal tergite not enlarged. Ninth abdominal tergite depressed in the posterior half (may appear angular emarginated when dried—see Fig. 6E); posterior margin convex in the middle, shallowly emarginated lateral of the middle lobe; with lateral spine-like sclerotized process, slightly curved (Figs. 6E, 6F). Tenth abdominal tergite transverse; posterior margin angularly emarginated in the middle with two lateral spine-like sclerotized processes; process strongly curved externally, shorter than the lateral process of ninth abdominal tergite (Figs. 6F, 6G). Epiproct concealed beneath tenth abdominal tergite, transverse, tongue-shaped in the middle with gently rounded apex but with two lateral lobes broadly rounded (Fig. 6F). Cercus long and slender, cylindrical and setose, with subacute apex (Fig. 6F). Subgenital plate wider than long; anterior margin broadly and strongly emarginated; lateral margins convex, posterior margin with a middle lobe, laterally forming a lobe where stylus is inserted, roundly emarginated between stylus and middle lobe; middle lobe on posterior margin slightly shorter than long at base, surpassing and wider at base than lateral lobe, apex narrowly incised (Fig. 6H). Stylus stout, with obtuse apex (Fig. 6H).
Colouration. Head, pronotum and legs entirely blood red (Fig. 5). Head with frons, mandible, palps, and labrum blood red. Eyes black. Ocelli yellow (Fig. 6C). Antennal segments (including scapus) also blood red. Tegmen and hind wing slightly hyaline, venation dark red or castaneous (Fig. 6D). Spines on ventral margin of posterior femur and on dorsal margin of posterior tibia with tips black. Abdomen orange.
Distribution. Borneo (Sabah, Sarawak, and Brunei Darussalam). Specimen from Brunei Darussalam also represents a new locality record, although this is unsurprising since this species was previously recorded in northern Sabah (Sandakan) and Mount Dulit (Sarawak, slightly south of Brunei Darussalam).
description: Published as part of Tan, Ming Kai & Wahab, Rodzay Bin Haji Abdul, 2018, Notes on the taxonomy of poorly known Gryllacrididae (Stenopelmatoidea) from Brunei Darussalam, Borneo, pp. 579-591 in Zootaxa 4462 (4) on pages 588-589, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4462.4.9, http://zenodo.org/record/1441895