cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Consensus models to predict oral rat acute toxicity and validation on a dataset coming from the industrial context
Creators: name: F. Lunghini
name: G. Marcou
name: P. Azam
name: D. Horvath
name: R. Patoux
name: E. Van Miert
name: A. Varnek
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We report predictive models of acute oral systemic toxicity representing a follow-up of our previous work in the framework of the NICEATM project. It includes the update of original models through the addition of new data and an external validation of the models using a dataset relevant for the chemical industry context. A regression model for LD50 and multi-class classification model for toxicity classes according to the Global Harmonized System categories were prepared. ISIDA descriptors were used to encode molecular structures. Machine learning algorithms included support vector machine (SVM), random forest (RF) and naïve Bayesian. Selected individual models were combined in consensus. The different datasets were compared using the generative topographic mapping approach. It appeared that the NICEATM datasets were lacking some relevant chemotypes for chemical industry. The new models trained on enlarged data sets have applicability domains (AD) sufficiently large to accommodate industrial compounds. The fraction of compounds inside the models’ AD increased from 58% (NICEATM model) to 94% (new model). The increase of training sets improved models’ prediction performance: RMSE values decreased from 0.56 to 0.47 and balanced accuracies increased from 0.69 to 0.71 for NICEATM and new models, respectively.
STRATEGIC ACQUISITIONS: DETERMINANTS OF CHINESE OUTWARD DIRECT INVESTMENT IN THE AGRIFOOD INDUSTRY
Creators: name: Boys, Kathryn
name: Kandilov, Ivan
name: Boys, Kathryn
name: Kandilov, Ivan
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: FDI
subject: China

description: We analyze Chinese outward direct investment (ODI) in the farm and processed food sectors between 2001 and 2013. Our findings underscore the importance that assessments of ODI should consider both standard theoretical determinants of cross-border flows, such as GDP and geographical distance, as well as political and institutional factors that affect host country risk. Determinants also differ in their importance dependent upon the specific subsector (farm vs. processed food vs. others) under consideration.
Saccharodite rufa Zelazny & Webb 2011, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Zelazny, B.
name: Webb, M. D.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Derbidae
Saccharodite
Saccharodite rufa

description: Saccharodite rufa Zelazny, sp. nov.
(Fig. 285)
 Description. Forewings elongated, 2.3 times longer than wide, length: male about 4.0 mm, female about 4.6 mm. Colour dark red to reddish brown; subantennal processes, lateral parts of pronotum, rostrum, legs, and genitalia stramineous to light brown. Forewings with light, interrupted infuscation; two darker marks near clavus tip and one at base of first subcostal sector; veins light brown, margins orange-brown; three dark spots on base of Sc+R+M. Hindwings colourless, veins light brown. In profile junction of vertex and face angulated; rostrum surpassing post trochanters; subantennal processes connected to margins of facial carinae. Forewings with Sc+R fork distad of middle of wing; basal median cell about twice as wide as basal cell between Sc+R and M; a small triangular cell at base of Ms1; tips of Cu1 and Ms1b separated. Male genitalia with pygofer narrow. Genital styles oval; proximal dorsal process short, distal dorsal process elongated. Apical part of aedeagus with a sharp, pointed process directed dorsad, apex irregular.
 Etymology. The species name is a Latin adjective (rufus, -a, -um = reddish-brown).
 Types Holotype ♂ (forewing 4.0 mm),), EAST MALAYSIA: NORTH BORNEO: SABAH; labels: 1) B.N. BORNEO / Mt. Kinabalu,/ Kamborangah,/ 7000.ft./ 27. III.1929 2) Ex F.M.S. / Museum / B.M. 1955-354/ 56 (BMNH). Paratype. Same data as holotype 30. III.1929, 1 ♀ (fw. 4.6) (BMNH).
 Distribution. North Borneo.
 Diagnosis. Saccharodite rufa shows some similarities to Sa. lugubris sp. nov., also from Borneo. However, it can be easily separated from that species by its dark red colour and the lighter infuscated forewings.
description: Published as part of Zelazny, B. & Webb, M. D., 2011, 3071, pp. 1-307 in Zootaxa 3071 on page 139
Transplantation of induced neural stem cells (iNSCs) into chronically demyelinated corpus callosum ameliorates motor deficits
Creators: name: Sullivan, Genevieve M.
name: Knutsen, Andrew K.
name: Peruzzotti-Jametti, Luca
name: Korotcov, Alexandru
name: Bosomtwi, Asamoah
name: Dardzinski, Bernard J.
name: Bernstock, Joshua D.
name: Rizzi, Sandra
name: Edenhofer, Frank
name: Pluchino, Stefano
name: Armstrong, Regina C.
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: Research
Neural stem cells
Remyelination
Cuprizone
Multiple sclerosis
Stem cell therapeutics
Diffusion tensor imaging
Magnetization transfer ratio
Magnetic resonance imaging
Reprogramming

description: Abstract: Multiple Sclerosis (MS) causes neurologic disability due to inflammation, demyelination, and neurodegeneration. Immunosuppressive treatments can modify the disease course but do not effectively promote remyelination or prevent long term neurodegeneration. As a novel approach to mitigate chronic stage pathology, we tested transplantation of mouse induced neural stem cells (iNSCs) into the chronically demyelinated corpus callosum (CC) in adult mice. Male C57BL/6 mice fed 0.3% cuprizone for 12 weeks exhibited CC atrophy with chronic demyelination, astrogliosis, and microglial activation. Syngeneic iNSCs were transplanted into the CC after ending cuprizone and perfused for neuropathology 2 weeks later. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) sequences for magnetization transfer ratio (MTR), diffusion-weighted imaging (T2), and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) quantified CC pathology in live mice before and after iNSC transplantation. Each MRI technique detected progressive CC pathology. Mice that received iNSCs had normalized DTI radial diffusivity, and reduced astrogliosis post-imaging. A motor skill task that engages the CC is Miss-step wheel running, which demonstrated functional deficits from cuprizone demyelination. Transplantation of iNSCs resulted in marked recovery of running velocity. Neuropathology after wheel running showed that iNSC grafts significantly increased host oligodendrocytes and proliferating oligodendrocyte progenitors, while modulating axon damage. Transplanted iNSCs differentiated along astrocyte and oligodendrocyte lineages, without myelinating, and many remained neural stem cells. Our findings demonstrate the applicability of neuroimaging and functional assessments for pre-clinical interventional trials during chronic demyelination and detect improved function from iNSC transplantation. Directly reprogramming fibroblasts into iNSCs facilitates the future translation towards exogenous autologous cell therapies.
Eco-Labelling and the Gains from Agricultural and Food Trade: A Ricardian Approach
Creators: name: Heerman, Kari E.R.
name: Sheldon, Ian
name: Heerman, Kari E.R.
name: Sheldon, Ian
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: trade
subject: trade costs
subject: eco-labeling
subject: trade liberalization

description: Following a modern Ricardian approach, trade in environmental products with eco‐labelling is modelled. Based on the model, expressions are derived for the share of products an importer purchases from a specific exporter for low‐cost and environmentally‐friendly technologies. It is then shown that, using bilateral trade and production data, the share equation for low‐cost‐technologies can be estimated, from which parameters describing trade costs and average productivity can then be retrieved. Using the latter parameters, it is also shown how the share equation for environmentally‐friendly technologies can then be used to retrieve a parameter describing eco‐labelling costs. The consumer and environmental gains from eco‐labelling are also analyzed, along with a discussion and comparison of the effects of mutual recognition versus harmonization of countries’ eco‐labelling regimes.
Developing DMP Templates with RDMO - the new editor's guide
Creators: name: Schönau, Sabine
name: Gonzalez Ocanto, Marisabel
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: During the RDMO Hackathon 2024 in Munich, members of the RDMO Community and DMP4NFDI started writing a comprehensive guide on How to develop a catalog within RDMO. This guide addresses research data managers and RDMO editors and their most important questions.

Whether you are new to RDMO or are looking to refine your skills as an RDMO Editor, this session will offer valuable insights.

You can find the Guide on read-the-docs.

 

RDMO Hackathon 2024: https://www.forschungsdaten.org/index.php/RDMO_Hackathon_2024

RDMO Website: https://rdmorganiser.github.io/ 

DMP4NFDI Website: https://base4nfdi.de/projects/dmp4nfdi

Guide to develop a catalog in RDMO: https://rdmo.readthedocs.io/en/latest/management/catalog-development.html
Relevance of biomarkers across different neurodegenerative diseases
Creators: name: Ehrenberg, Alexander J.
name: Khatun, Ayesha
name: Coomans, Emma
name: Betts, Matthew J.
name: Capraro, Federica
name: Thijssen, Elisabeth H.
name: Senkevich, Konstantin
name: Bharucha, Tehmina
name: Jafarpour, Mehrsa
name: Young, Peter N. E.
name: Jagust, William
name: Carter, Stephen F.
name: Lashley, Tammaryn
name: Grinberg, Lea T.
name: Pereira, Joana B.
name: Mattsson-Carlgren, Niklas
name: Ashton, Nicholas J.
name: Hanrieder, Jörg
name: Zetterberg, Henrik
name: Schöll, Michael
name: Paterson, Ross W.
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: Review
Biomarkers
Neurodegenerative diseases
Alzheimer’s disease
Tau
Amyloid
Neurofilament light chain
Magnetic resonance imaging
Positron emission tomography
Cerebrospinal fluid
Plasma biomarkers

description: Abstract: Background: The panel of fluid- and imaging-based biomarkers available for neurodegenerative disease research is growing and has the potential to close important gaps in research and the clinic. With this growth and increasing use, appropriate implementation and interpretation are paramount. Various biomarkers feature nuanced differences in strengths, limitations, and biases that must be considered when investigating disease etiology and clinical utility. For example, neuropathological investigations of Alzheimer’s disease pathogenesis can fall in disagreement with conclusions reached by biomarker-based investigations. Considering the varied strengths, limitations, and biases of different research methodologies and approaches may help harmonize disciplines within the neurodegenerative disease field. Purpose of review: Along with separate review articles covering fluid and imaging biomarkers in this issue of Alzheimer’s Research and Therapy, we present the result of a discussion from the 2019 Biomarkers in Neurodegenerative Diseases course at the University College London. Here, we discuss themes of biomarker use in neurodegenerative disease research, commenting on appropriate use, interpretation, and considerations for implementation across different neurodegenerative diseases. We also draw attention to areas where biomarker use can be combined with other disciplines to understand issues of pathophysiology and etiology underlying dementia. Lastly, we highlight novel modalities that have been proposed in the landscape of neurodegenerative disease research and care.
On the Angular Dependence of the Radiative Gluon Spectrum
Creators: name: Baier, R.
name: Dokshitzer, Yu. L.
name: Mueller, A. H.
name: Schiff, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The induced momentum spectrum of soft gluons radiated from a high energy quark produced in and propagating through a QCD medium is reexamined in the BDMPS formalism. A mistake in our published work (Physical Review C60 (1999) 064902) is corrected. The correct dependence of the fractional induced loss $R(θ_{\rm cone})$ as a universal function of the variable $θ^2_{\rm cone} L^3 \hat q$ where $L$ is the size of the medium and $\hat q$ the transport coefficient is presented. We add the proof that the radiated gluon momentum spectrum derived in our formalism is equivalent with the one derived in the Zakharov-Wiedemann approach.
description: LaTex, 5 pages, 1 figure
Additional file 3 of Circulating exosomal mRNA signatures for the early diagnosis of clear cell renal cell carcinoma
Creators: name: He, Xing
name: Tian, Feng
name: Guo, Fei
name: Zhang, Fangxing
name: Zhang, Huiyong
name: Ji, Jin
name: Zhao, Lin
name: He, Jingyi
name: Xiao, Yutian
name: Li, Longman
name: Wei, Chunmeng
name: Huang, Caihong
name: Li, Yexin
name: Zhang, Feng
name: Yang, Bo
name: Ye, Huamao
name: Wang, Fubo
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 3: Supporting information.
Spin and orbital effects of Cooper pairs coupled to a single magnetic impurity
Creators: name: Koga, Mikito
name: Matsumoto, Masashige
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Kondo effect strongly depends on spin and orbital degrees of freedom of unconventional superconductivity. We focus on the Kondo effect in the $p_x + i p_y$-wave and $d_{x^2 - y^2} + i d_{xy}$-wave superconductors to compare the magnetic properties of the spin-triplet and spin-singlet Cooper pairs. The difference appears when both of the paired electrons couple to a local spin directly. For the $p_x + i p_y$-wave, the ground state is always a spin doublet for a $S_{\rm imp} = 1/2$ local spin, and it is always a spin singlet for $S_{\rm imp} = 1$. The latter is due to uniaxial spin anisotropy of the triplet Cooper pair. For the $d_{x^2 - y^2} + i d_{xy}$-wave, the interchange of ground states occurs, which resembles a competition between the Kondo effect and the superconducting energy gap in s-wave superconductors. Thus the internal degrees of freedom of Cooper pairs give a variety to the Kondo effect.
description: 7 pages, 6 figures, RevTex, to be published in Phys. Rev. B
MEMe: An Accurate Maximum Entropy Method for Efficient Approximations in Large-Scale Machine Learning
Creators: name: Granziol, Diego
name: Ru, Binxin
name: Zohren, Stefan
name: Doing, Xiaowen
name: Osborne, Michael
name: Roberts, Stephen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Efficient approximation lies at the heart of large-scale machine learning problems. In this paper, we propose a novel, robust maximum entropy algorithm, which is capable of dealing with hundreds of moments and allows for computationally efficient approximations. We showcase the usefulness of the proposed method, its equivalence to constrained Bayesian variational inference and demonstrate its superiority over existing approaches in two applications, namely, fast log determinant estimation and information-theoretic Bayesian optimisation.
description: 18 pages, 3 figures, Published at Entropy 2019: Special Issue Entropy Based Inference and Optimization in Machine Learning
Saccharodite matsumurae Zelazny 1981
Creators: name: Zelazny, B.
name: Webb, M. D.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Derbidae
Saccharodite
Saccharodite matsumurae

description: Saccharodite matsumurae species group
 Diagnosis. The species of the Saccharodite matsumurae species group can be recognized by the combination of the following characters:
1. In profile head evenly rounded or slightly angulated at junction of vertex and face.
2. Forewings glassy.
3. Forewings with greatest width of basal median cell about twice of greatest width of basal cell between M and Sc+R or broader.
4. Forewings with apical portions of Cu1 and Ms1b separated.
 5. Forewings with bases of Cu1 and Ms1b either merging at end of basal median cell as in typical vein pattern of other species of Saccharodite, just touching at end of basal median cell, or separated and a cross-vein between Cu1 and Ms1b forms part of basal median cell. This variation in the forewing venation can be found in the same species and even the same specimen with the bases of Ms1b and Cu1 merging on one wing and separated on the other. Middle sections of Cu1 and Ms1b usually fused, rarely both veins separated throughout and only approaching each other near their middle where they are connected by a short crossvein.
6. Male genital style with proximal dorsal processes slender.
 Distribution. Species of this group are found in Taiwan, southern China, Laos, Vietnam, Borneo and the Philippines.
description: Published as part of Zelazny, B. & Webb, M. D., 2011, 3071, pp. 1-307 in Zootaxa 3071 on pages 139-140
The Value of Social Capital in Cropland Leasing Relationships
Creators: name: Taylor, Mykel
name: Featherstone, Allen
name: Taylor, Mykel
name: Featherstone, Allen
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Farm Management
subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: farmland
subject: leasing
subject: rental rates
subject: social capital

description: In the U.S. economy, informal bargaining between persons for services or assets of relatively high value is common (e.g. used cars, houses). However, there is one example encountered frequently in agriculture: the cropland lease. Many farmers rent at least a portion of their cropland and typically no formal markets exist for pricing rental rates. This reliance on informal bargaining for the primary capital asset in farming suggests lease rates and the relationship between landowner and tenant have significant economic implications. Leasing relationships may be as long as a generation, with some land passing to the next generation without interruption. Does the existence of such a long-lived and close relationship affect the rates at which the land is leased? If so, cropland leases offer a unique test of the theory of social capital which posits that outcomes are a result of the interaction between traditional market behavior and social customs or norms. By characterizing the social aspects of cropland leasing relationships and their corresponding rental rates, this study analyzes the market for cropland to determine if lease rates are consistent with the theory of social capital. Data from a 2015 survey of Kansas farmers asking for contract terms and landowner characteristics were used to estimate a hedonic regression model. Empirical results support the hypothesis of a negative impact on rental rates from longer-term leasing relationships.
Measures of maximal tactile pressures of a sustained grasp task using a TactArray device have satisfactory reliability and validity in healthy people
Creators: name: Urvashy Gopaul
name: Laver, Derek
name: Carey, Leeanne
name: Matyas, Thomas A.
name: Vliet, Paulette Van
name: Callister, Robin
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Objective: To investigate the reliability and the concurrent validity of maximal tactile pressures and forces of a sustained grasp task using a TactArray device in healthy adults. Methods: Healthy participants (n = 18, mean age: 62.2 ± 9.9 years) performed three repeat trials of sustained maximal grasp over 8 seconds. Both hands were tested in within-day and between-day sessions, with vision and without vision. Measures of maximal tactile pressures and forces were measured for the complete grasp duration (8s) and for the plateau phase (5s). Measures of maximal tactile pressures and forces were reported using the highest value among three repeat trials, the mean of two repeat trials, and the mean of three repeat trials. Reliability was determined using changes in mean, coefficients of variation and intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs). Pearson correlation coefficients were used to evaluate concurrent validity. Results: Changes in mean were very good, coefficients of variation were good to acceptable and ICCs were very good to good for maximal tactile pressures using the highest value among three repeat trials and the mean of three repeat trials for the complete grasp duration (8s) and for the plateau phase (5s) in the dominant hand with and without vision and in the non-dominant hand without vision for within-day and between-day sessions. Maximal tactile pressures had moderate to large correlations with grip strength. Conclusion: The TactArray device demonstrates satisfactory reliability for maximal tactile pressures during a sustained grasp for within-day and between-day testing sessions in both hands. Validity was satisfactory with grip strength in both hands.
Selective stimulation of colonic L cells improves metabolic outcomes in mice
Creators: name: Lewis, Jo E.
name: Miedzybrodzka, Emily L.
name: Foreman, Rachel E.
name: Woodward, Orla R. M.
name: Kay, Richard G.
name: Goldspink, Deborah A.
name: Gribble, Fiona M.
name: Reimann, Frank
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: Article
Colonic L cells
Enteroendocrine cells
GLP-1
Glucagon-like peptide-1
INSL5
Insulin-like peptide-5
Peptide YY
PYY

description: Funder: Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council; doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100000268
description: Abstract: Aims/hypothesis: Insulin-like peptide-5 (INSL5) is found only in distal colonic L cells, which co-express glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and peptide YY (PYY). GLP-1 is a well-known insulin secretagogue, and GLP-1 and PYY are anorexigenic, whereas INSL5 is considered orexigenic. We aimed to clarify the metabolic impact of selective stimulation of distal colonic L cells in mice. Methods: Insl5 promoter-driven expression of Gq-coupled Designer Receptor Exclusively Activated by Designer Drugs (DREADD) was employed to activate distal colonic L cells (LdistalDq). IPGTT and food intake were assessed with and without DREADD activation. Results: LdistalDq cell stimulation with clozapine N-oxide (CNO; 0.3 mg/kg i.p.) increased plasma GLP-1 and PYY (2.67- and 3.31-fold, respectively); INSL5 was not measurable in plasma but was co-secreted with GLP-1 and PYY in vitro. IPGTT (2 g/kg body weight) revealed significantly improved glucose tolerance following CNO injection. CNO-treated mice also exhibited reduced food intake and body weight after 24 h, and increased defecation, the latter being sensitive to 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) receptor 3 inhibition. Pre-treatment with a GLP1 receptor-blocking antibody neutralised the CNO-dependent improvement in glucose tolerance but did not affect the reduction in food intake, and an independent group of animals pair-fed to the CNO-treatment group demonstrated attenuated weight loss. Pre-treatment with JNJ-31020028, a neuropeptide Y receptor type 2 antagonist, abolished the CNO-dependent effect on food intake. Assessment of whole body physiology in metabolic cages revealed LdistalDq cell stimulation increased energy expenditure and increased activity. Acute CNO-induced food intake and glucose homeostasis outcomes were maintained after 2 weeks on a high-fat diet. Conclusions/interpretation: This proof-of-concept study demonstrates that selective distal colonic L cell stimulation has beneficial metabolic outcomes. Graphical abstract
Additional file 1 of Dietary and drinking water intake of essential trace elements in a typical Kashin-Beck disease endemic area of Tibet, China
Creators: name: Zha, Xinjie
name: An, Jialu
name: Gao, Xue
name: Tian, Yuan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Mental Health
subject: Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. The concentration of ETEs in drinking water in Luolong County (unit: μg/L). Table S2. The concentration of ETEs in highland barley in Luolong County (unit: mg/kg). Table S3. ADDw of ETEs in Luolong County (unit: mg/(kg·day)). Table S4. ADDh of ETEs in Luolong County (unit: mg/(kg·day)). Table S5. ADDm of ETEs in Luolong County (unit: mg/(kg·day)). Table S6. ADDoral of ETEs in Luolong County (unit: mg/(kg·day)). Table S7. HQ of ETEs in Luolong County. Fig. S1. The map of Distribution of ADDoral in Luolong County. (a) Cu, (b) Fe, (c) Mn, (d) Mo, (e) Se and (f) Zn. Fig. S2. The map of distribution of KBD prevalence in Luolong County.
Chiral kinetic theory from Landau level basis
Creators: name: Lin, Shu
name: Yang, Lixin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive a chiral kinetic theory with Landau level basis, which is valid for slow-varying magnetic field with arbitrary magnitude. We apply the new chiral kinetic theory to calculate the electric conductivity transverse to the magnetic field in a magnetized QED and QCD plasma. Under the lowest Landau level approximation and relaxation time approximation, we find the transverse conductivity approaches a constant in the large magnetic field limit and is inversely proportional to the relaxation time. We also obtain a frequency-dependent transverse conductivity in response to a time-dependent electric field. We find a high frequency enhancement in this conductivity.
description: 23 pages, 3 figures. added discussion on chiral anomaly. published version
Gauge-invariant field-strength correlators in pure Yang-Mills and full QCD at finite temperature
Creators: name: D'Elia, M.
name: Di Giacomo, A.
name: Meggiolaro, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study by numerical simulations on a lattice the behaviour of the gauge-invariant two-point correlation functions of the gauge-field strengths across the deconfinement phase transition, both for the pure-gauge SU(3) theory and for full QCD with two flavours. Quenched data agree within errors with previous determinations, but have much higher statistics. A best-fit analysis of the data has been performed, both for the quenched and the full-QCD case, showing that the electric gluon condensate drops to zero at the deconfining phase transition.
description: 17 pages, LaTeX file, + 10 PS figures. Completely revised version, including a best-fit analysis of the data, 2 new figures, 3 new tables and new references
Representation, Exploration and Recommendation of Music Playlists
Creators: name: Papreja, Piyush
name: Venkateswara, Hemanth
name: Panchanathan, Sethuraman
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Playlists have become a significant part of our listening experience because of the digital cloud-based services such as Spotify, Pandora, Apple Music. Owing to the meteoric rise in the usage of playlists, recommending playlists is crucial to music services today. Although there has been a lot of work done in playlist prediction, the area of playlist representation hasn't received that level of attention. Over the last few years, sequence-to-sequence models, especially in the field of natural language processing, have shown the effectiveness of learned embeddings in capturing the semantic characteristics of sequences. We can apply similar concepts to music to learn fixed length representations for playlists and use those representations for downstream tasks such as playlist discovery, browsing, and recommendation. In this work, we formulate the problem of learning a fixed-length playlist representation in an unsupervised manner, using Sequence-to-sequence (Seq2seq) models, interpreting playlists as sentences and songs as words. We compare our model with two other encoding architectures for baseline comparison. We evaluate our work using the suite of tasks commonly used for assessing sentence embeddings, along with a few additional tasks pertaining to music, and a recommendation task to study the traits captured by the playlist embeddings and their effectiveness for the purpose of music recommendation.
Saccharodite aculeata Zelazny & Webb 2011, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Zelazny, B.
name: Webb, M. D.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Derbidae
Saccharodite
Saccharodite aculeata

description: Saccharodite aculeata Zelazny, sp. nov.
(Fig. 286)
 Description. Forewings elongated, 2.2 times longer than wide, length in male 3.6–3.8 mm. Colour stramineous; margins of facial carinae light orange-brown; faint orange marks on base of clypeus and scutellum (in one paratype mesonotum faintly orange); joints between hind femora and tibiae orange; abdomen partly or completely orange (in holotype only anterior margin of pygofer orange). Forewings colourless; base of Sc+R without dark spots. Hindwings colourless. In profile junction of vertex and face rounded; rostrum reaching post trochanter; subantennal processes connected to margins of facial carinae. Forewings with Sc+R fork at middle of wing; basal median cell broad, more than twice as wide as basal cell between Sc+R and M; a small triangle at base of Ms1; tips of Cu1 and Ms1b separated. Male genitalia with pygofer narrow. Genital styles elongated; proximal dorsal process short; distal dorsal process long. Apical part of aedeagus with three slender and pointed processes, one at the tip, pointing forward, and two originating from the junction of apical part and stem and directed caudo-dorsad.
 Etymology. The species name is a Latin adjective (aculeatus, -a, -um = spiny).
 Type material. Holotype ♂ (forewing 3.8mm), EAST MALAYSIA: NORTH BORNEO: SABAH; labels: 1) BRITISH N. BORNEO / Tawau, Quoin Hill / 8–14.VII.1962 2) H. Holtmann / Light Trap / BISHOP (BPBM). Paratypes. EAST MALAYSIA: NORTH BORNEO: SABAH: Sandakan, 1 ♂ (fw. 3.6); same data as holotype, 15– 20. VII.1962, 1 ♂ (all BPBM).
 Distribution. North Borneo.
 Diagnosis. Saccharodite aculeata resembles Sa. ignea sp. nov., also from Borneo, in forewing venation and structure of the male aedeagus. It can be separate from that species by its stramineous to faintly orange coloration.
description: Published as part of Zelazny, B. & Webb, M. D., 2011, 3071, pp. 1-307 in Zootaxa 3071 on page 141
Exploring the Band Structure of Wurtzite InAs Nanowires Using Photocurrent Spectroscopy
Creators: name: Pournia, Seyyedesadaf
name: Linser, Samuel
name: Jnawali, Giriraj
name: Jackson, Howard E.
name: Smith, Leigh M.
name: Ameruddin, Amira
name: Caroff, Philippe
name: Wong-Leung, Jennifer
name: Tan, Hark Hoe
name: Jagadish, Chennupati
name: Joyce, Hannah J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use polarized photocurrent spectroscopy in a nanowire device to investigate the band structure of hexagonal Wurtzite InAs. Signatures of optical transitions between four valence bands and two conduction bands are observed which are consistent with the symmetries expected from group theory. The ground state transition energy identified from photocurrent spectra is seen to be consistent with photoluminescence emitted from a cluster of nanowires from the same growth substrate. From the energies of the observed bands we determine the spin orbit and crystal field energies in Wurtzite InAs. This information is essential to the development of crystal phase engineering of this important III-V semiconductor.
description: 25 pages, 5 figures
Multi-agent system architectures for collaborative prognostics
Creators: name: Salvador Palau, Adrià
name: Dhada, Maharshi Harshadbhai
name: Parlikad, Ajith Kumar
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2019
Subjects: Article
Multi-agent systems
Distributed systems
Prognostics
Asset management
Predictive maintenance
Cost assessment

description: Funder: Siemens Industrial Turbomachinery UK
description: Abstract: This paper provides a methodology to assess the optimal multi-agent architecture for collaborative prognostics in modern fleets of assets. The use of multi-agent systems has been shown to improve the ability to predict equipment failures by enabling machines with communication and collaborative learning capabilities. Different architectures have been postulated for industrial multi-agent systems in general. A rigorous analysis of the implications of their implementation for collaborative prognostics is essential to guide industrial deployment. In this paper, we investigate the cost and reliability implications of using different multi-agent systems architectures for collaborative failure prediction and maintenance optimization in large fleets of industrial assets. Results show that purely distributed architectures are optimal for high-value assets, while hierarchical architectures optimize communication costs for low-value assets. This enables asset managers to design and implement multi-agent systems for predictive maintenance that significantly decrease the whole-life cost of their assets.
Remarks on the determination of the Landau gauge OPE for the Asymmetric three gluon vertex
Creators: name: De Soto, F.
name: Rodríguez-Quintero, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compute a compact OPE formula describing power corrections to the perturbative expression for the asymmetric $\widetilde{MOM}$-renormalized running coupling constant up to the leading logarithm. By the use of the phenomelogical hypothesis leading to the factorization of the condensates through a perturbative vacuum insertion, the only relevant condensate in the game is $$. The validity of the OPE formula is tested by searching for a good-quality coherent description of previous lattice evaluations of $\widetilde{MOM}$-renormalized gluon propagator and running coupling.
description: 12 pages, 3 figures (2 generated by the macro: axodraw.sty)
Sub-Planck spots of Schroedinger cats and quantum decoherence
Creators: name: Zurek, Wojciech Hubert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Heisenberg's principle$^1$ states that the product of uncertainties of position and momentum should be no less than Planck's constant $\hbar$. This is usually taken to imply that phase space structures associated with sub-Planck ($\ll \hbar$) scales do not exist, or, at the very least, that they do not matter. I show that this deeply ingrained prejudice is false: Non-local "Schrödinger cat" states of quantum systems confined to phase space volume characterized by `the classical action' $A \gg \hbar$ develop spotty structure on scales corresponding to sub-Planck $a = \hbar^2 / A \ll \hbar$. Such structures arise especially quickly in quantum versions of classically chaotic systems (such as gases, modelled by chaotic scattering of molecules), that are driven into nonlocal Schrödinger cat -- like superpositions by the quantum manifestations of the exponential sensitivity to perturbations$^2$. Most importantly, these sub-Planck scales are physically significant: $a$ determines sensitivity of a quantum system (or of a quantum environment) to perturbations. Therefore sub-Planck $a$ controls the effectiveness of decoherence and einselection caused by the environment$^{3-8}$. It may also be relevant in setting limits on sensitivity of Schrödinger cats used as detectors.
description: Published in Nature 412, 712-717 (2001)
In silico study directed towards identification of the key structural features of GyrB inhibitors targeting MTB DNA gyrase: HQSAR, CoMSIA and molecular dynamics simulations
Creators: name: P. Kamsri
name: A. Punkvang
name: S. Hannongbua
name: K. Suttisintong
name: P. Kittakoop
name: J. Spencer
name: A.J. Mulholland
name: P. Pungpo
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Mycobacterium tuberculosis DNA gyrase subunit B (GyrB) has been identified as a promising target for rational drug design against fluoroquinolone drug-resistant tuberculosis. In this study, we attempted to identify the key structural feature for highly potent GyrB inhibitors through 2D-QSAR using HQSAR, 3D-QSAR using CoMSIA and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations approaches on a series of thiazole urea core derivatives. The best HQSAR and CoMSIA models based on IC50 and MIC displayed the structural basis required for good activity against both GyrB enzyme and mycobacterial cell. MD simulations and binding free energy analysis using MM-GBSA and waterswap calculations revealed that the urea core of inhibitors has the strongest interaction with Asp79 via hydrogen bond interactions. In addition, cation-pi interaction and hydrophobic interactions of the R2 substituent with Arg82 and Arg141 help to enhance the binding affinity in the GyrB ATPase binding site. Thus, the present study provides crucial structural features and a structural concept for rational design of novel DNA gyrase inhibitors with improved biological activities against both enzyme and mycobacterial cell, and with good pharmacokinetic properties and drug safety profiles.
A stochastic variant of the abelian sandpile model
Creators: name: Kim, Seungki
name: Wang, Yuntao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce a natural stochastic extension, called SSP, of the abelian sandpile model(ASM), which shares many mathematical properties with ASM, yet radically differs in its physical behavior, for example in terms of the shape of the steady state and of the avalanche size distribution. We establish a basic theory of SSP analogous to that of ASM, and present a brief numerical study of its behavior. Our original motivation for studying SSP stems from its connection to the LLL algorithm established in another work by the authors [5]. The importance of understanding how LLL works cannot be stressed more, especially from the point of view of lattice-based cryptography. We believe SSP serves as a tractable toy model of LLL that would help further our understanding of it.
Cluster size distributions in particle systems with asymmetric dynamics
Creators: name: Pulkkinen, O.
name: Merikoski, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present exact and asymptotic results for clusters in the one-dimensional totally asymmetric exclusion process (TASEP) with two different dynamics. The expected length of the largest cluster is shown to diverge logarithmically with increasing system size for ordinary TASEP dynamics and as a logarithm divided by a double logarithm for generalized dynamics, where the hopping probability of a particle depends on the size of the cluster it belongs to. The connection with the asymptotic theory of extreme order statistics is discussed in detail. We also consider a related model of interface growth, where the deposited particles are allowed to relax to the local gravitational minimum.
description: 12 pages, 3 figures, RevTeX
Maternal iodine status, intrauterine growth, birth outcomes and congenital anomalies in a UK birth cohort
Creators: name: Snart, Charles Jonathan Peter
name: Threapleton, Diane Erin
name: Keeble, Claire
name: Taylor, Elizabeth
name: Waiblinger, Dagmar
name: Reid, Stephen
name: Alwan, Nisreen A.
name: Mason, Dan
name: Azad, Rafaq
name: Cade, Janet Elizabeth
name: Simpson, Nigel A. B.
name: Meadows, Sarah
name: McKillion, Amanda
name: Santorelli, Gillian
name: Waterman, Amanda H.
name: Zimmermann, Michael
name: Stewart, Paul M.
name: Wright, John
name: Mon-Williams, Mark
name: Greenwood, Darren Charles
name: Hardie, Laura J.
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: Research Article
Birthweight
Iodine
Pregnancy
Insufficiency
SGA

description: Abstract: Background: Severe iodine insufficiency in pregnancy has significant consequences, but there is inadequate evidence to indicate what constitutes mild or moderate insufficiency, in terms of observed detrimental effects on pregnancy or birth outcomes. A limited number of studies have examined iodine status and birth outcomes, finding inconsistent evidence for specific outcomes. Methods: Maternal iodine status was estimated from spot urine samples collected at 26–28 weeks’ gestation from 6971 mothers in the Born in Bradford birth cohort. Associations with outcomes were examined for both urinary iodine concentration (UIC) and iodine-to-creatinine ratio (I:Cr). Outcomes assessed included customised birthweight (primary outcome), birthweight, small for gestational age (SGA), low birthweight, head circumference and APGAR score. Results: There was a small positive association between I:Cr and birthweight in adjusted analyses. For a typical participant, the predicted birthweight centile at the 25th percentile of I:Cr (59 μg/g) was 2.7 percentage points lower than that at the 75th percentile of I:Cr (121 μg/g) (99% confidence interval (CI) 0.8 to 4.6), birthweight was predicted to be 41 g lower (99% CI 13 to 69) and the predicted probability of SGA was 1.9 percentage points higher (99% CI 0.0 to 3.7). There was no evidence of associations using UIC or other birth outcomes, including stillbirth, preterm birth, ultrasound growth measures or congenital anomalies. Conclusion: Lower maternal iodine status was associated with lower birthweight and greater probability of SGA. Whilst small, the effect size for lower iodine on birthweight is comparable to environmental tobacco smoke exposure. Iodine insufficiency is avoidable, and strategies to avoid deficiency in women of reproductive age should be considered. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03552341. Registered on June 11, 2018.
Limitations of TESS in characterizing the first habitable zone Earth-sized planet
Creators: name: Johnson, Peter Anto
name: Johnson, John Christy
name: Mardon, Austin
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021

description: Recently, the TOI-700 System was characterized as the first habitable-zone Earth-sized planet using Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS). Ground-based follow-up combined with diagnostic vetting and validation tests enables this system to rule out common astrophysical false-positive scenarios and validate the planetary data. However, TESS systems are restricted by a Nyquist limit that can interfere with internal structure data, especially at different oscillation modes. Another key limitation is the necessity of an ultra-stable light source for standardization purposes. Although several studies have shown promise, reliable data has yet to be validated.
Where to invest in the Indus Basin Irrigation System in Pakistan to improve land and water productivity? Insights from a hierarchical model
Creators: name: Mekonnen, Dawit
name: Hira, Channa
name: Claudia, Ringler
name: Mekonnen, Dawit
name: Hira, Channa
name: Claudia, Ringler
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: International Development
subject: Production Economics
subject: Productivity Analysis
subject: IMT
subject: Irrigation
subject: Multilevel models
subject: Productivity
subject: Pakistan

description: Irrigated agriculture accounts for about 80% of total agricultural production in Pakistan, an arid country home to the sixth largest population globally. Almost all irrigated production takes place in the Indus Basin Irrigation System, the world's largest contiguous irrigated area. The extensive system of canals transfers water from the river system to distributaries and from there to watercourses, farms, and eventually to individual farm plots. Given growing water shortages and the resulting increased variability in water flows in the system, it will be important to improve system efficiency to ensure continued increase in agricultural production. A key question remains, however, where to intervene in the system. This paper uses multilevel modeling to explore the relative importance of plots, farms, watercourses, and distributaries on the levels and variance of wheat yield, and identify entry points to improve agricultural water management in a way that can guide prioritization of investments across the different levels of the irrigation network. Our findings suggest that out of the total variation in wheat yield that is not explained by plot specific characteristics, 28% is explained by distributary level effects, 3% by watercourse level effects, and 7% by farm (household) characteristics. These findings suggest that investments that improve irrigation water delivery at the distributary level provide the highest impact per unit of dollar invested in terms of reducing yield gaps among farmers.