cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The Local and the Occupation Time of a Particle Diffusing in a Random Medium
Creators: name: Majumdar, Satya N.
name: Comtet, Alain
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a particle moving in a one dimensional potential which has a symmetric deterministic part and a quenched random part. We study analytically the probability distributions of the local time (spent by the particle around its mean value) and the occupation time (spent above its mean value) within an observation time window of size t. The random part of the potential is same as in the Sinai model, i.e., the potential itself is a random walk in space. In the absence of the random potential, these distributions have three typical asymptotic behaviors depending on whether the deterministic potential is unstable, stable or flat. These asymptotic behaviors are shown to get drastically modified when the random part of the potential is switched on leading to the loss of self-averaging and wide sample to sample fluctuations.
description: 5 pages revtex, two column, minor typos corrected
Enicospilus combustus
Creators: name: Johansson, Niklas
name: Ameri, Ali
name: Riedel, Matthias
name: Talebi, Ali Asghar
name: Ebrahimi, Ebrahim
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Ichneumonidae
Enicospilus
Enicospilus combustus

description: Enicospilus combustus (Gravenhorst, 1829)
 Ophion combustus Gravenhorst, 1829: 701. Type lost.
 Material examined: IRAN: 1♀, Bushehr Province, Kangan, Jam, 7 Jan. 1996, 600 m. a. s., Badii / Ardeh. / Naz. leg. (HMIM)
 Remarks: New record for Iran. Enicospilus combustus is quite easily distinguished from closely related species in the Western Palaearctic by the partly infuscate mesosoma. In other respects very similar to Enicospilus adustus (Haller).
description: Published as part of Johansson, Niklas, Ameri, Ali, Riedel, Matthias, Talebi, Ali Asghar & Ebrahimi, Ebrahim, 2021, Contribution to the Ophioninae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) of Iran with the description of 16 new species and an illustrated key to the Eremotylus of the Western Palaearctic, pp. 151-206 in Zootaxa 5023 (2) on page 159, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5023.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5225655
Spinons in more than one dimension: Resonance Valence Bond state stabilized by frustration
Creators: name: Nersesyan, A. A.
name: Tsvelik, A. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: For two spatially anisotropic, SU(2)-invariant models of frustrated magnets in arbitrary space dimension we present a non-perturbative proof of the existence of neutral spin-1/2 excitations (spinons). In one model the frustration is static and based on fine tuning of the coupling constants, whereas in the other it is dynamic and does not require adjusting of the model parameters. For both models we derive a low-energy effective action which does not contain any constraints. Though our models admit the standard gauge theory treatment, we follow an alternative approach based on Abelian and non-Abelian bosonization. We prove the existence of propagating spin-1/2 excitations (spinons) and consider in detail certain exactly solvable limits. A qualitative discussion of the most general case is also presented.
description: 42 pages, 7 figures, replaced with revised version
HD 42659: The only known roAp star in a spectroscopic binary observed with B photometry, TESS and SALT
Creators: name: Holdsworth, Daniel L.
name: Saio, Hideyuki
name: Kurtz, Donald W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a multi-instrument analysis of the rapidly oscillating Ap (roAp) star HD 42659. We have obtained $B$ photometric data for this star and use these data, in conjunction with TESS observations, to analyse the high-frequency pulsation in detail. We find a triplet which is split by the rotation frequency of the star ($ν_{\rm rot}=0.3756$ d$^{-1}$; $P_{\rm rot}=2.66$ d) and present both distorted dipole and distorted quadrupole mode models. We show that the pulsation frequency, $150.9898$ d$^{-1}$ ($P_{\rm puls}=9.54$ min) is greater than the acoustic cutoff frequency. We utilise 27 high-resolution ($R\simeq65\,000$), high signal-to-noise ($\sim120$) spectra to provide new orbital parameters for this, the only known roAp star to be in a short period binary ($P_{\rm orb}=93.266$ d). We find the system to be more eccentric than previously thought, with $e=0.317$, and suggest the companion is a mid-F to early-K star. We find no significant trend in the average pulsation mode amplitude with time, as measured by TESS, implying that the companion does not have an affect on the pulsation in this roAp star. We suggest further photometric observations of this star, and further studies to find more roAp stars in close binaries to characterise how binarity may affect the detection of roAp pulsations.
description: 9 pages, 11 figures, 6 tables. Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Introduction
Creators: name: Jaunas, Vincent
Publisher: name: Imaginaires
Year: 2024

description: Horror is undoubtedly one of cinema’s most multifaceted genres. Each decade, it seems, a new streak of films comes along which, while clearly subsumed within the overarching category of horror, feels so distinct from what preceded it that both fans and critics feel the need to categorize it as either a new cycle or a new subgenre. Following the release of such films as It Follows (David Robert Mitchell, 2014), The Babadook (Jennifer Kent, 2014) or The Witch (Robert Eggers, 2015), many fans and critics argued that the genre of horror was witnessing the birth of another cycle, yet no one seemed to agree as to how it should be named or defined – some even arguing that these films should not be considered as a distinct cycle at all. The purpose of this issue of Imaginaires is threefold. It aims at giving film scholars a chance to weigh in on this taxonomic debate which has thus far largely been held by fans and critics, with a few notable exceptions – chief of which David Church’s only book-length study of the cycle (2021). It also purports to shed new light on the narrative and stylistic commonalities, as well as on the extrafilmic qualities, uniting the films of the corpus. Finally, it seeks to offer in-depth analyses of the films themselves, the study of which has often been overshadowed by the many generic and axiological questions raised by their categorization as instances of “post horror” or “elevated horror”.
description: Imaginaires, No. 27 (2024): The ‟Elevated Horror” / ‟Post-Horror” Cycle
Magneto-ionic suppression of magnetic vortices
Creators: name: Chen, Yu
name: Nicolenco, Aliona
name: Molet, Pau
name: Mihi, Agustin
name: Pellicer, Eva
name: Sort, Jordi
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: Magneto-ionics refers to the non-volatile control of the magnetic properties of materials by voltage-driven ion migration. This phenomenon constitutes one of the most important magnetoelectric mechanisms and, so far, it has been employed to modify the magnetic easy axis of thin films, their coercivity or their net magnetization. Herein, a novel magneto-ionic effect is demonstrated: the transition from vortex to coherent rotation states, caused by voltage-induced ion motion, in arrays of patterned nanopillars. Electrolyte-gated Co/GdOx bilayered nanopillars are chosen as a model system. Electron microscopy observations reveal that, upon voltage application, oxygen ions diffuse from GdOx to Co, resulting in the development of paramagnetic oxide phases (CoOx) along sporadic diffusion channels. This breaks up the initial magnetization configuration of the ferromagnetic pillars (i.e. vortex states) and leads to the formation of small ferromagnetic nanoclusters, embedded in the CoOx matrix, which behave as single-domain nanoparticles. As a result, a decrease in the net magnetic moment is observed, together with a drastic change in the shape of the hysteresis loop. Micromagnetic simulations are used to interpret these findings. These results pave the way towards a new potential application of magnetoelectricity: the magneto-ionic control of magnetic vortex states.
Activities, Context and Ubiquitous Computing
Creators: name: Prekop, Paul
name: Burnett, Mark
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: F.M; H1; H4

description: Context and context-awareness provides computing environments with the ability to usefully adapt the services or information they provide. It is the ability to implicitly sense and automatically derive the user needs that separates context-aware applications from traditionally designed applications, and this makes them more attentive, responsive, and aware of their user's identity, and their user's environment. This paper argues that context-aware applications capable of supporting complex, cognitive activities can be built from a model of context called Activity-Centric Context. A conceptual model of Activity-Centric context is presented. The model is illustrated via a detailed example.
MOESM1 of Dementia assessment and management in primary care settings: a survey of current provider practices in the United States
Creators: name: Bernstein, Alissa
name: Rogers, Kirsten
name: Possin, Katherine
name: Steele, Natasha
name: Ritchie, Christine
name: Kramer, Joel
name: Geschwind, Michael
name: Higgins, Joseph
name: Wohlgemuth, Jay
name: Pesano, Rick
name: Miller, Bruce
name: Rankin, Katherine
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Additional file 1. Provider Survey.
A Gravitomagnetic Effect on the Orbit of a Test Body due to the Earth's Variable Angular Momentum
Creators: name: Iorio, Lorenzo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The well known general relativistic Lense-Thirring drag of the orbit of a test particle in the stationary field of a central slowly rotating body is generated, in the weak-field and slow-motion approximation of General Relativity, by a gravitomagnetic Lorentz-like acceleration in the equations of motion of the test particle. In it the gravitomagnetic field is due to the central body's angular momentum supposed to be constant. In the context of the gravitational analogue of the Larmor theorem, such acceleration looks like a Coriolis inertial term in an accelerated frame. In this paper the effect of the variation in time of the central body's angular momentum on the orbit of a test mass is considered. It can be shown that it is analogue to the inertial acceleration due to the time derivative of the angular velocity vector of an accelerated frame. The possibility of detecting such effect in the gravitational field of the Earth with LAGEOS-like satellites is investigated. It turns out that the orbital effects are far too small to be measured.
description: LaTex2e, 1 table, no figures, 7 pages
How does the revelation of previous bid affect new bid?
Creators: name: Li, Yingzi
name: Gallardo, R. Karina
name: McCracken, Vicki A.
name: Yue, Chengyan
name: Luby, James
name: McFerson, James R.
name: Li, Yingzi
name: Gallardo, R. Karina
name: McCracken, Vicki A.
name: Yue, Chengyan
name: Luby, James
name: McFerson, James R.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: affiliation
subject: experimental auctions
subject: posted prices
subject: willingness-to-pay
subject: apple attributes

description: This study investigates the effect of the revelation of posted bids in second-price experimental auctions for apple quality attributes under the experimental design where information is added progressively across rounds. We find that the revelation of posted bids does not bias the following bids and that increased information about the apple increases the accuracy of participants’ following bids. Therefore, the final round bids are used to evaluate consumers’ willingness to pay for the apple attributes of interest in this study. Consumers are found to prefer large, firm, sweet, crisp and less defects coverage apples.
A Reexamination of Tryptophan Fluorescence in Cytochrome c Oxidase
Creators: name: Smith, Paul Andrew
Publisher: name: California Institute of Technology
Year: 1991
Subjects: Chemistry

description: Cytochrome c oxidase links reduction of oxygen with the pumping of protons across the inner mitochondrial membrane. Recently it has been shown that only two of the four electron transfers to the oxygen binding site are coupled with proton translocation. The discovery implies that there is a conformational switch between pumping and non-conformational changes. Gating conformational transitions occur in each cycle of the pump when electrons and protons are alternatively accessible to either the inside or outside of the membrane. Such transitions are linked to the redox state of the coupling site. The unloaded/loaded transition, on the other hand, depends on the intermediate at the oxygen binding site and is not part of the pumping cycle.

A 16 nm red-shift in the tryptophan emission maximum of cytochrome oxidase upon reduction of the enzyme with dithionite was reported earlier [Copeland, R.A., Smith, P.A., and Chan, S.I. (1987) Biochemistry 26, 7311]. As such redox-linked change could be an important probe of pumping transitions, the fluorescence change of cytochrome oxidase upon reduction with ascorbate and cytochrome c was measured. The absence of a shift led to the reevalution of the earlier experiments for inner filter effects. The earlier experiments were reproduced with proper optical controls, and a method for reconstructing absorbance aftifacts from the reported fluourescence spectra was devised. Tryptophan fluourescence lifetimes were also measured. All the data support the conclusion that the earlier reports of a redox-linked fluourescence change were artifacts and that the other transient changes in fluorescence which have been measured cannot be associated with either the unloaded/loaded transition or a gating transition.
Modelling the energy gap in transition metal/aluminium bilayers"
Creators: name: Brammertz, G.
name: Golubov, A.
name: Peacock, A.
name: Verhoeve, P.
name: Goldie, D. J.
name: Venn, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an application of the generalised proximity effect theory.
description: 15 pages, 11 figures, presented at workshop on low temperature superconducting electronics at the University of Twente, The Netherlands
Patient-reported outcomes of joint-preserving surgery for moderate hallux rigidus: a 1-year follow-up of 296 patients from Swefoot
Creators: name: Cöster, Marcus E
name: Montgomery, Fredrik
name: Cöster, Maria C
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Science Policy

description: Background and purpose — Hallux rigidus (HR) may cause decreased range of motion, joint pain, and gait disturbances. There is a lack of evidence regarding the outcome of different surgical procedures for moderate HR. We report patient-reported outcomes after joint-preserving surgical procedures for moderate HR. Patients and methods — We included 296 patients registered in Swefoot (Swedish national registry of foot and ankle surgery) who underwent primary surgery for moderate HR 2014 through 2018. We extracted information on anthropometrics, grading of HR, chosen surgical procedure, and patient-reported data including the PROMs SEFAS (summary score 0–48) and EQ-5D-3L (index 0–1) preoperatively and 1 year postoperatively. Results — 115 patients underwent metatarsal decompression (i.e., Youngswick) osteotomy (YOT) and 181 underwent cheilectomy. The mean improvement in SEFAS score 1 year after surgery was 12 points (95% CI 10 − 13) for YOT and 10 points (CI 9 − 12) for cheilectomy. Also, EQ-5D improved in both groups. Patients who underwent YOT were more satisfied with the procedure (84% vs. 70% for cheilectomy, p = 0.02). Interpretation — Surgically treated patients with moderate HR improved after both YOT and cheilectomy, according to patient-reported data from Swefoot. Patients who underwent a YOT were more satisfied with their procedure. One possible explanation may be that more patients in the YOT group had a concomitant hallux valgus; however, we have no information on this.
Optical Tests of Nanoengineered Liquid Mirrors
Creators: name: Yockell-Lelievre, Helene
name: Borra, Ermanno F.
name: Ritcey, Anna
name: Silva, Lande Vieira da
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe a new technology for the fabrication of inexpensive high-quality mirrors. We begin by chemically producing a large number of metallic nanoparticles coated with organic ligands. The particles are then spread on a liquid substrate where they self-assemble to give optical quality reflective surfaces. Since liquid surfaces can be modified with a variety of means (e.g. rotation, electromagnetic fields), this opens the possibility of making a new class of versatile and inexpensive optical elements that can have complex shapes which can be modified within short time scales. Interferometric measurements show optical quality surfaces. We have obtained reflectivity curves that show 80% peak reflectivities.We are confident that we can improve the reflectivity curves, for theoretical models predict higher values. We expect that nanoengineered liquid mirrors should be useful for scientific and engineering applications. The technology is interesting for large optics, such as large rotating parabolic mirrors, because of its low cost. Furthermore, because the surfaces of ferrofluids can be shaped with magnetic fields, one can generate complex, time varying surfaces difficult to make with conventional techniques.
description: Applied Optics In Press
Compatibility of any pair of 2-outcome measurements characterizes the Choquet simplex
Creators: name: Kuramochi, Yui
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 46A55 46B40 81P16 81P15

description: For a compact convex subset $K $ of a locally convex Hausdorff space, a measurement on $A(K)$ is a finite family of positive elements in $A(K)$ normalized to the unit constant $1_K$, where $A(K)$ denotes the set of continuous real affine functionals on $K$. It is proved that a compact convex set $K$ is a Choquet simplex if and only if any pair of $2$-outcome measurements are compatible, i.e.\ the measurements are given as the marginals of a single measurement. This generalizes the finite-dimensional result of [Plávala M 2016 Phys.\ Rev.\ A \textbf{94}, 042108] obtained in the context of the foundations of quantum theory.
Biosynthetic studies of human fetal hemoglobin
Creators: name: Rogers, Christopher Bruce
Publisher: name: California Institute of Technology
Year: 1979
Subjects: Chemistry

description: Previous investigators have found unbalanced synthesis of Hb F, with γ chain synthesized from 30% to 68% as efficiently as α chain. In this report, biosynthetic studies of 9 umbilical cord bloods and 6 sickle-cell bloods with elevated levels of Hb F gave an efficiency of 47 ± 3% for γ-chain synthesis relative to α-chain synthesis.

Amino acid analysis of the minor zones in chain separation chromatograms showed that two peaks, one eluting before and one after γ chain, contain products of γ-chain mRNA. These peaks, however, are insufficient to explain the discrepancy in γ-chain synthesis.

A likely explanation for the reduced γ-chain synthesis is that γ-chain mRNA may have a shorter effective lifetime than α - or β-chain mRNA. There would thus be a progressive imbalance in Hb F synthesis after the blood cell leaves the bone marrow and mRNA synthesis stops.

A timed study of a single cord blood, with times ranging from 2.5 minutes to 4 hours, showed that incorporation of radioactivity into acetylated γ chain begins at a high value and decreases with respect to unmodified γ chain. This implies that the γ chain may be modified either on the ribosome or shortly after release, but in any case earlier than 2.5 minutes after the start of incubation.
Superconductivity Near Ferromagnetism in MgCNi3
Creators: name: Rosner, H.
name: Weht, R.
name: Johannes, M. D.
name: Pickett, W. E.
name: Tosatti, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An unusual quasi-two-dimensional heavy band mass van Hove singularity (vHs) lies very near the Fermi energy in MgCNi3, recently reported to superconduct at 8.5 K. This compound is strongly exchange enhanced and is unstable to ferromagnetism upon hole doping with 12% Mg --> Na or Li. The 1/4-depleted fcc (frustrated) Ni sublattice and lack of Fermi surface nesting argues against competing antiferromagnetic and charge density wave instabilities. We identify an essentially infinite mass along the M-Gamma line, leading to quasi-two-dimensionality of this vHs may promote unconventional p-wave pairing that could coexist with superconductivity.
description: 4 two-column pages, 4 figures
MOESM2 of Comparative genomics of Mycoplasma pneumoniae isolated from children with pneumonia: South Korea, 2010â€“2016
Creators: name: Lee, Joon
name: Moon-Woo Seong
name: Dongjin Shin
name: Jong-Il Kim
name: Han, Mi
name: Youbin Yeon
name: Cho, Sung
name: Park, Sung
name: Choi, Eun
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 2: Phylogenetic tree based on whole genome alignment of the 30 sequenced strains.
Entanglement in a simple quantum phase transition
Creators: name: Osborne, Tobias J.
name: Nielsen, Michael A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: What entanglement is present in naturally occurring physical systems at thermal equilibrium? Most such systems are intractable and it is desirable to study simple but realistic systems which can be solved. An example of such a system is the 1D infinite-lattice anisotropic XY model. This model is exactly solvable using the Jordan-Wigner transform, and it is possible to calculate the two-site reduced density matrix for all pairs of sites. Using the two-site density matrix, the entanglement of formation between any two sites is calculated for all parameter values and temperatures. We also study the entanglement in the transverse Ising model, a special case of the XY model, which exhibits a quantum phase transition. It is found that the next-nearest neighbour entanglement (though not the nearest-neighbour entanglement) is a maximum at the critical point. Furthermore, we show that the critical point in the transverse Ising model corresponds to a transition in the behaviour of the entanglement between a single site and the remainder of the lattice.
description: 14 pages, 7 eps figures
Quantum-classical duality for Gaudin magnets with boundary
Creators: name: Vasilyev, M.
name: Zabrodin, A.
name: Zotov, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We establish a remarkable relationship between the quantum Gaudin models with boundary and the classical many-body integrable systems of Calogero-Moser type associated with the root systems of classical Lie algebras (B, C and D). We show that under identification of spectra of the Gaudin Hamiltonians $H_j^{\rm G}$ with particles velocities $\dot q_j$ of the classical model all integrals of motion of the latter take zero values. This is the generalization of the quantum-classical duality observed earlier for Gaudin models with periodic boundary conditions and Calogero-Moser models associated with the root system of the type A.
description: 19 pages, references added
RETRACTED ARTICLE: Preparation of hollow Aux-Cu2O nanospheres by galvanic replacement to enhance the selective electrocatalytic CO2 reduction to ethanol
Creators: name: Zhang, Lijie
name: Zhang, Ying
name: Wang, Hongtao
name: Chen, Jianbing
name: Cao, Zhongqi
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Electrocatalytic CO2 reduction to fuel is one of the important ways to solve energy and environmental problems. In this work, the preparation of hollow Aux-Cu2O electrocatalyst and the performance of electrocatalytic CO2 reduction to ethanol were studied. Hollow Cu2O nanospheres were prepared by a soft template method, and Aux-Cu2O composites were prepared by galvanic replacement. The characterization results of XRD and XPS reveal that Cu+ is the main chemical state of Cu in the catalysts. The results of electroactive surface area demonstrate that the electroactive surface area of Au0.51-Cu2O is the largest. The performance evaluation of electrocatalytic CO2 reduction shows that the Faraday efficiency of H2 on Au0.51-Cu2O is the lowest (∼19.5%) and the Faraday efficiency of ethanol can reach ∼18.8% at −1.2 V vs. RHE. Compared with hollow Cu2O nanospheres, Aux-Cu2O catalysts have an earlier onset for ethanol production and promote the CO2 reduction to ethanol with high efficiency, while the hydrogen evolution reaction is significantly inhibited. Our study demonstrates an effective approach to develop Cu-based electrocatalysts favourable toward ethanol in electrocatalytic CO2 reduction.
Is it possible to test directly General Relativity in the gravitational field of the Moon?
Creators: name: Iorio, Lorenzo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper the possibility of measuring some general relativistic effects in the gravitational field of the Moon via selenodetic missions, with particular emphasis to the future Japanese SELENE mission, is investigated. For a typical selenodetic orbital configuration the post-Newtonian Lense-Thirring gravitomagnetic and the Einstein's gravitoelectric effects on the satellites orbits are calculated and compared to the present-day orbit accuracy of lunar missions. It turns out that for SELENE's Main Orbiter, at present, the gravitoelectric periselenium shift, which is the largest general relativistic effect, is 1 or 2 orders of magnitude smaller than the experimental sensitivity. The systematic error induced by the mismodelled classical periselenium precession due to the first even zonal harmonic J2 of the Moon's non-spherical gravitational potential is 3 orders of magnitude larger than the general relativistic gravitoelectric precession. The estimates of this work could be used for future lunar missions having as their goals relativistic measurements as well.
description: Latex2e, 7 pages, no figures, ets2000.cls and art12.sty used. Major rewriting in introduction. References added
An optimization model for the marine current turbine installation problem addressing parameter ambiguity
Creators: name: Nurdiansyah, Rudi
name: Hong, I.-Hsuan
name: Su, Jack C. P.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: To enhance the design and layout of marine farms, while addressing the ambiguity of environmental parameters, this study proposes a non-parametric, scenario-based robust bi-level optimization model for the marine current turbine installation problem (BO-MCTIP). In this model, the upper level determines the number and locations of marine current turbines (MCTs), while the lower level determines how to connect the installed MCTs. First, all scenarios in the model are solved using a novel greedy heuristic algorithm (GHA), which minimizes the cost per watt by considering wake effects and submarine power cable connection costs. GHA outperforms the complete search and random search algorithms. Then, using the solutions obtained by GHA in the BO-MCTIP, the min–max relative regret decision rule is used to identify a robust solution. The result from a test case in Cook Inlet, Alaska, demonstrates that the robust solution performs effectively across all scenarios considered in the proposed model.
Preparation of hollow Aux-Cu2O nanospheres by galvanic replacement to enhance the selective electrocatalytic CO2 reduction to ethanol
Creators: name: Zhang, Lijie
name: Zhang, Ying
name: Wang, Hongtao
name: Chen, Jianbing
name: Cao, Zhongqi
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Electrocatalytic CO2 reduction to fuel is one of the important ways to solve energy and environmental problems. In this work, the preparation of hollow Aux-Cu2O electrocatalyst and the performance of electrocatalytic CO2 reduction to ethanol were studied. Hollow Cu2O nanospheres were prepared by a soft template method, and Aux-Cu2O composites were prepared by galvanic replacement. The characterization results of XRD and XPS reveal that Cu+ is the main chemical state of Cu in the catalysts. The results of electroactive surface area demonstrate that the electroactive surface area of Au0.51-Cu2O is the largest. The performance evaluation of electrocatalytic CO2 reduction shows that the Faraday efficiency of H2 on Au0.51-Cu2O is the lowest (∼19.5%) and the Faraday efficiency of ethanol can reach ∼18.8% at −1.2 V vs. RHE. Compared with hollow Cu2O nanospheres, Aux-Cu2O catalysts have an earlier onset for ethanol production and promote the CO2 reduction to ethanol with high efficiency, while the hydrogen evolution reaction is significantly inhibited. Our study demonstrates an effective approach to develop Cu-based electrocatalysts favourable toward ethanol in electrocatalytic CO2 reduction.
Single Spin Detection with Entangled States
Creators: name: Hakoshima, Hideaki
name: Matsuzaki, Yuichiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Single spin detection is one of the important tasks in the field of quantum metrology. Many experiments about the single spin detection has been performed. However, due to the weak magnetic fields from the single spin, a long measurement time is required to achieve a reasonably high signal-to-noise ratio. Here, we propose an alternative way to realize rapid and accurate single spin detection with entangled states. While it is known that entanglement can improve the sensitivity to measure globally applied magnetic fields, we investigate a strategy to use the entanglement for detecting spatially inhomogeneous magnetic fields from the target single spin. We show that the entanglement significantly increases the signal to noise ratio for the single spin detection even under the effect of realistic noise. Our results pave the way for practical single spin detection.
description: 6 pages, 2 figures
Enicospilus intermedius Johansson 2018
Creators: name: Johansson, Niklas
name: Ameri, Ali
name: Riedel, Matthias
name: Talebi, Ali Asghar
name: Ebrahimi, Ebrahim
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Ichneumonidae
Enicospilus
Enicospilus intermedius

description: Enicospilus intermedius Johansson, 2018
 Enicospilus intermedius Johansson, 2018: 9–12; Figs 8, 9A–C. Holotype ♀ from Sweden in NHRS, examined.
 Material examined: IRAN: 1♂, East Azerbaijan Province, Sharghi, Khodaafarin, Jananlou, 20 May, 2004, 360 m. a. s., Gh. / Gil. leg. (HMIM); 1♀, Golestan Province, Elburs mts, Maghazy Valley, Lux, 36˚64’92.3"N, 54˚20’70.1"E, 11 Jun. 2007 1630 m. a. s., N. Pöll leg. (OÖLM); 1♀, Kerman Province, 25 km E. of Jiroft (Mijan), 28˚42"N, 57˚57"E, 27 May 2014, Mi. Halada leg. (OÖLM); 1♀, Khorasan Province, 10 km W. Raz, Koppe Dag, 37˚54"N, 56˚55"E, 1200 m. a. s., Mi. Halada leg. (OÖLM).
 Remarks: Described from Southern Sweden in 2018 (Johansson 2018) this species have shown to be possibly quite common in the lowlands of Central Europe. The species is similar to Enicospilus adustus but distinguished by the wider face and the usually entirely testaceous head, without any extensive yellow markings around the compound eyes.
description: Published as part of Johansson, Niklas, Ameri, Ali, Riedel, Matthias, Talebi, Ali Asghar & Ebrahimi, Ebrahim, 2021, Contribution to the Ophioninae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) of Iran with the description of 16 new species and an illustrated key to the Eremotylus of the Western Palaearctic, pp. 151-206 in Zootaxa 5023 (2) on pages 161-162, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5023.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5225655
Nearside-farside theory of differential cross sections : resummation of a partial wave series involving Legendre polynomials
Creators: name: Noli, C.
name: Connor, J. N. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report a new resummation procedure for the partial wave series (PWS) representation of the scattering amplitude, when a basis set of Legendre polynomials is used for the expansion. The effect of the resummation is to remove from the PWS the factor containing alpha and beta. The resummed scattering amplitude is then exactly decomposed into the sum of a nearside (N) subamplitude and a farside (F) subamplitude. We make two applications of the NF resummed theory: to elastic angular scattering in a strongly absorptive collision and to a state-to-state differential cross section for the I + HI > IH + I reaction. In both applications, we can understand the physical origin of structure in the angular scattering for suitable choices of alpha, beta and r.
description: 29 pages, 10 figures
Dynamical Correlations among Vicious Random Walkers
Creators: name: Nagao, Taro
name: Katori, Makoto
name: Tanemura, Hideki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Nonintersecting motion of Brownian particles in one dimension is studied. The system is constructed as the diffusion scaling limit of Fisher's vicious random walk. N particles start from the origin at time t=0 and then undergo mutually avoiding Brownian motion until a finite time t=T. In the short time limit $t \ll T$, the particle distribution is asymptotically described by Gaussian Unitary Ensemble (GUE) of random matrices. At the end time t = T, it is identical to that of Gaussian Orthogonal Ensemble (GOE). The Brownian motion is generally described by the dynamical correlations among particles at many times $t_1,t_2,..., t_M$ between t=0 and t=T. We show that the most general dynamical correlations among arbitrary number of particles at arbitrary number of times are written in the forms of quaternion determinants. Asymptotic forms of the correlations in the limit $N \to \infty$ are evaluated and a discontinuous transition of the universality class from GUE to GOE is observed.
description: REVTeX3.1, 4 pages, no figure
Dynamic Optimization of Ecosystem Services: A Comparative Analysis of Non-Spatial and Spatially-Explicit Models
Creators: name: Yun, Seong Do
name: Gramig, Benjamin M.
name: Yun, Seong Do
name: Gramig, Benjamin M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: Economic threshold
subject: Stochastic Space-Time optimization
subject: Natural Enemy
subject: Ecosystem Services
subject: Biological Invasion
subject: Conservation Practices
subject: Soybean Aphid

description: This study develops and solves a stochastic, multi-year, discrete space-time model that allows the comparative analysis between non-spatial and spatially explicit models. The solution to this model implies the Stochastic Space-Time Natural Enemy-adjusted Economic Threshold (SST-NEET) to guide the choice of the optimal level of a pest that warrants management intervention. Using numerical simulation experiments over a generated synthetic geography, we derive three major conclusions. First, a unified framework for optimal control of a biological invasion must consider the simultaneous complexities of stochasticity, space, time and spatial spillovers. Second, the suggested SST-NEET is the most generalized version of the spatially explicit NEET model that can be simply reduced to a spatially homogenous or non-spatial model by giving conditions of each model assumed. Finally, accounting for spatial environmental heterogeneity and spatial spillovers are important factors to consider when making pest control decisions. Considering the fact that the initial distributions of pests and natural enemies are determined by the distribution of their habitat, conservation policies that increase spatial heterogeneity and spatial spillovers can be an effective way to use pest control ecosystem services to manage a biological invasion. An application to biological control of the soybean aphid using the natural enemy ladybird beetles is developed using field measurements in Newton County, Indiana, USA. After empirical parameterization of the equations of motion in a predator-prey system, the optimal economic threshold (aphids/plant) for using pesticides to control aphids is derived under three different forms of spatial heterogeneity. For a given set of input and output prices, the optimal economic threshold is derived numerically for three different forms of spatial heterogeneity.
MOESM9 of Overexpression of OsPUB41, a Rice E3 ubiquitin ligase induced by cell wall degrading enzymes, enhances immune responses in Rice and Arabidopsis
Creators: name: Kachewar, Neha
name: Vishal Gupta
name: Ranjan, Ashish
name: Hitendra Patel
name: Sonti, Ramesh
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Plant Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 9: Table S6. Callose deposition assay: Data from three transgenic Arabidopsis lines ectopically expressing either OsPUB41 or OsPUB41C40A.
Dynamics of Charged and Rotating NUT Black Holes in Rastall Gravity
Creators: name: Prihadi, Hadyan L.
name: Sakti, Muhammad F. A. R.
name: Hikmawan, Getbogi
name: Zen, Freddy P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, we generalized the Kerr-Newman-NUT black hole solution in Rastall gravity from Ref. 1. Here we are more focused on the black hole dynamics such as the event horizons, ergosurface, ZAMO, thermodynamic properties, and the equatorial circular orbit around the black hole such as static radius limit, null equatorial circular orbit, and innermost stable circular orbit. We present how the NUT and Rastall parameter affects the dynamic of the black hole.
description: 24 pages, 30 figures, Prepared for submission to IJMPD
Robust half-metallic ferromagnetism in the zincblende CrSb
Creators: name: Liu, Bang-Gui
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using the accurate first-principle method within density-functional theory, we systematically study CrSb in the zincblende (zb) structure. The zb CrSb is predicted of robust half-metallic ferromagnetism (HMFM) with a magnetic moment of 3.000 $μ_B$ per formula. It is much better than other zb compounds with HMFM because its spin-flip gap reaches 0.774 eV at the equilibrium volume and persists nonzero with its volume changing theoretically from -21% to +60%. It is found there may be a common mechanism for the HMFM in all the zb Cr- and Mn-pnictides. Since being compatible with the III-V semiconductors, this excellent HMFM of the zb CrSb should be useful in spin electronics and other applications.
description: 4 pages 3 figs
Agricultural Research Problems in Small Developing Countries: Case Studies from the South Pacific Island Nations
Creators: name: Hardaker, J. Brian
name: Fleming, Euan M.
name: Hardaker, J. Brian
name: Fleming, Euan M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1989
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries
Production Economics
Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies

description: While research-based technological improvements are an important part of a successful agricultural development strategy, the small South Pacific Island Nations face special difficulties in attaining such innovations because of their particular agricultural production and marketing circumstances and because of diseconomies of small size in research. There is a need to sharpen the focus of national agricultural research efforts on adaptive work, implying both increased international and regional collaboration and the reorientation of national programs to be more receptive to outside ideas and information. It is particularly important to seek a parsimonious research paradigm, involving a broadening of the range of people who contribute to the research process.
Field-Induced gap due to four-spin exchange in a spin ladder
Creators: name: Nakasu, Atsushi
name: Totsuka, Keisuke
name: Hasegawa, Yasumasa
name: Okamoto, Kiyomi
name: Sakai, Tôru
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The effect of the four-spin cyclic exchange interaction at each plaquette in the $S=1/2$ two-leg spin ladder is investigated at T=0, especially focusing on the field-induced gap. The strong rung coupling approximation suggests that it yields a plateau at half of the saturation moment ($m=1/2$) in the magnetization curve, which corresponds to a field-induced spin gap with a spontaneous breaking of the translational symmetry. A precise phase diagram at $m=1/2$ is also presented based on the level spectroscopy analysis of the numerical data obtained by Lanczos method. The boundary between the gapless and plateau phases is confirmed to be of the Kosterlitz-Thouless (KT) universality class.
description: 10 pages, 3 eps figures (embedded), to be published in J. Phys.: Cond. Matter
Development Assistance and Exports: The Case of the United States
Creators: name: Cummings, Ralph W.
name: Dalrymple, Dana G.
name: Cummings, Ralph W.
name: Dalrymple, Dana G.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1989
Subjects: International Relations/Trade
Production Economics

description: The relationship of development assistance and exports has been a controversial subject in recent years. U.S. public organizations feel that development assistance, particularly for research, while intended primarily and immediately to encourage economic development in low-income nations, will also help increase the effective demand for agricultural exports. Some commodityoriented U.S. farm groups, on the other hand, see assistance primarily in terms of leading to increased competition for exports of their product. They would have the U.S.A. provide less international support for agricultural development and they have had some influence. While there has been considerable debate on the subject, this has not yet resulted in the development of an enlightened national policy. The paper attempts to sort out the facts and perceptions that have led to this situation and to provide some policy suggestions. Two important needs are for: (a) greater public understanding, and (b) strengthened domestic research and improved linkages between domestic and international research activities. Paradoxically, the latter point tends to be overlooked by some of the farm groups but is essential if the U.S. is to remain competitive in what is likely to become a more open international market in the future.
Enicospilus kokujevi Viktorov 1957
Creators: name: Johansson, Niklas
name: Ameri, Ali
name: Riedel, Matthias
name: Talebi, Ali Asghar
name: Ebrahimi, Ebrahim
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Ichneumonidae
Enicospilus
Enicospilus kokujevi

description: Enicospilus kokujevi Viktorov, 1957?
Figs 6A–D
 Enicospilus kokujevi Viktorov, 1957: 200, Figs 39–41. Lectotype ♂ from Turkmenistan in MSU, not examined.
 Material examined: IRAN: 2♀♀, Khuzestan Province, Hakim Farabi Industries., 48˚33"N, 31˚00"E, 2019, Reared from Mythimna unipuncta (Haworth, 1809) in sugarcane, A. Cheraghi leg. (NJ).
 DNA Barcode: The DNA barcode sequence of one specimen of Enicospilus kokujevi is available at the BOLD systems database: sample id. NJP681, sequence id. LNU2517-21.
 Remarks: The single barcode clusters in BOLD with a series of Japanese Enicospilus determined as E. laqueatus (Enderlein, 1921). However, the here treated species differs morphologically from E. laqueatus in several characters, such as the shape of the central sclerite (Fig. 6D) and the length of the malar space (Fig. 6C). Either the molecular sampling is insufficient to characterize and differentiate the species involved or E. laqueatus is a more highly variable species than previously presumed, possibly indicating synonymy between E. kokujevi and E. laqueatus. It shall be noted that we have not been able to get access to the type of E. kokujevi due to the Covid 19 restrictions of the MSU and the here presented interpretation is based on the orginal description (Viktorov 1957) alone.
description: Published as part of Johansson, Niklas, Ameri, Ali, Riedel, Matthias, Talebi, Ali Asghar & Ebrahimi, Ebrahim, 2021, Contribution to the Ophioninae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) of Iran with the description of 16 new species and an illustrated key to the Eremotylus of the Western Palaearctic, pp. 151-206 in Zootaxa 5023 (2) on page 162, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5023.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5225655