cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Understanding mass hierarchy in collisional energy loss through heavy flavor data
Creators: name: Ilic, Bojana
name: Djordjevic, Magdalena
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: While experimental observations, such as the mass hierarchy effect, are attributed and analyzed within radiative models, their interpretation crucially depends on collisional energy loss contribution, which is often neglected in such analyses. To our knowledge, neither a (direct) simple relation between collisional energy loss and heavy quark mass is established, nor an observable that quantifies this effect. On the other hand, the upcoming high-luminosity measurements at RHIC and LHC will generate heavy flavor data with unprecedented precision, providing an opportunity to utilize high-pT heavy flavor data to analyze the interaction mechanisms in the quark-gluon plasma. To this end, we employ a recently developed DREENA framework based on our dynamical energy loss formalism to study the mass hierarchy in heavy flavor suppression. We present i) Analytical derivation of a direct relation between collisional suppression/energy loss and heavy quark mass. ii) A novel observable sensitive only to the collisional energy loss mechanism to be tested by future high-precision experiments. iii) Analytical and numerical extraction of the mass hierarchy in collisional energy losses through this observable.
description: 15 pages, 4 figures
Additional file 2 of Rationale and design of ePPOP-ID: a multicenter randomized controlled trial using an electronic-personalized program for obesity in pregnancy to improve delivery
Creators: name: Deruelle, Philippe
name: Lelorain, Sophie
name: Deghilage, Sylvie
name: Couturier, Emmanuelle
name: Guilbert, Elodie
name: Berveiller, Paul
name: Sénat, Marie Victoire
name: Vayssière, Christophe
name: Sentilhes, Loïc
name: Perrotin, Franck
name: Gallot, Denis
name: Chauleur, Céline
name: Sananes, Nicolas
name: Roth, Emmanuel
name: Luton, Dominique
name: Caputo, Marie
name: Lorio, Elodie
name: Chatelet, Carla
name: Couster, Julien
name: Timbely, Oumar
name: Doret-Dion, Muriel
name: Duhamel, Alain
name: Pigeyre, Marie
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Cancer
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 2: Method S1. The Stages of change Questionnaire. Questionnaire created to evaluate the woman’ stage of change
Detecting intrinsic global geometry of an obstacle via layered scattering
Creators: name: Bunimovich, Leonid
name: Katz, Gabriel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Given a closed $k$-dimensional submanifold $K$, incapsulated in a compact domain $M \subset \mathbb E^n$, $k \leq n-2$, we consider the problem of determining the intrinsic geometry of the obstacle $K$ (like volume, integral curvature) from the scattering data, produced by the reflections of geodesic trajectories from the boundary of a tubular $ε$-neighborhood $\mathsf T(K, ε)$ of $K$ in $M$. The geodesics that participate in this scattering emanate from the boundary $\partial M$ and terminate there after a few reflections from the boundary $\partial \mathsf T(K, ε)$. However, the major problem in this setting is that a ray (a billiard trajectory) may get stuck in the vicinity of $K$ by entering some trap there so that this ray will have infinitely many reflections from $\partial \mathsf T(K, ε)$. To rule out such a possibility, we modify the geometry of a tube $\mathsf T(K, ε)$ by building it from spherical bubbles. We need to use $\lceil \dim(K)/2\rceil$ many bubbling tubes $\{\mathsf T(K, ε_j)\}_j$ for detecting certain global invariants of $K$, invariants which reflect its intrinsic geometry. Thus the words "layered scattering" in the title. These invariants were studied by Hermann Weyl in his classical theory of tubes $\mathsf T(K, ε)$ and their volumes.
description: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2108.05478
ACESSO DE IDOSOS A POLÍTICAS PÚBLICAS DE SAÚDE: PROTOCOLO DE SCOPING REVIEW
Creators: name: Santos, Denízia
name: DA CONCEICAO, MARIMEIRE
name: Pitta, Ana
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Other Law
subject: Social Welfare Law
subject: Public Health
subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: Life Sciences
subject: Biology
subject: Human Rights Law
subject: Law and Politics
subject: Political Science
subject: FOS: Political science
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science and Technology Law
subject: Nursing
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Law
subject: FOS: Law

description: Objetivo: identificar e mapear evidências científicas acerca da que se tem produzido sobre o acesso de idosos às políticas públicas de saúde. Introdução: O processo de envelhecimento são alterações físicas, psíquicas, funcionais e estruturais, que ocorrem no indivíduo de forma contínua. Segundo a projeção que o Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística – IBGE, faz é de um aumento significativo de idosos nos próximos 10 anos e uma redução da população jovem. A Organização Mundial de Saúde recomenda a criação de políticas públicas de saúde que proporcione um envelhecimento ativo e saudável. Critérios de inclusão: serão incluídos estudos originais realizados exclusivamente com seres humanos, referentes a pessoas idosas com idade de 65 anos e mais, que falem sobre o uso o acesso de pessoas idosas às políticas públicas de saúde. Serão incluídos estudos publicados na íntegra em periódicos nacionais e internacionais, com abordagem qualitativa e/ou quantitativa. Não haverá restrição de idiomas, temporal ou geográfica das publicações selecionadas. Critério de exclusão: serão estudos que não estão no âmbito da saúde, não trate de pessoas idosas e não falem de acesso às políticas públicas de saúde. Os artigos duplicados serão considerados apenas um. Método: Serão realizadas buscas nas fontes indexadas: MEDLINE/PubMed, SCIELO, BVS, LILACS, Biblioteca Cochrane, Web of Science e Embase. Também será consultado o Catálogo de Teses e Dissertações da CAPES/Portal Capes será pesquisado em busca de literatura não publicada. Descritores: idoso, acesso e políticas públicas de saúde.
ShapeNet: Shape Constraint for Galaxy Image Deconvolution
Creators: name: Nammour, F.
name: Akhaury, U.
name: Girard, J. N.
name: Lanusse, F.
name: Sureau, F.
name: Ali, C. Ben
name: Starck, J. -L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Deep Learning (DL) has shown remarkable results in solving inverse problems in various domains. In particular, the Tikhonet approach is very powerful to deconvolve optical astronomical images (Sureau et al. 2020). Yet, this approach only uses the $\ell_2$ loss, which does not guarantee the preservation of physical information (e.g. flux and shape) of the object reconstructed in the image. In Nammour et al. (2021), a new loss function was proposed in the framework of sparse deconvolution, which better preserves the shape of galaxies and reduces the pixel error. In this paper, we extend Tikhonet to take into account this shape constraint, and apply our new DL method, called ShapeNet, to optical and radio-interferometry simulated data set. The originality of the paper relies on i) the shape constraint we use in the neural network framework, ii) the application of deep learning to radio-interferometry image deconvolution for the first time, and iii) the generation of a simulated radio data set that we make available for the community. A range of examples illustrates the results.
description: 6 pages, 6 figures
Additional file 1 of Rationale and design of ePPOP-ID: a multicenter randomized controlled trial using an electronic-personalized program for obesity in pregnancy to improve delivery
Creators: name: Deruelle, Philippe
name: Lelorain, Sophie
name: Deghilage, Sylvie
name: Couturier, Emmanuelle
name: Guilbert, Elodie
name: Berveiller, Paul
name: Sénat, Marie Victoire
name: Vayssière, Christophe
name: Sentilhes, Loïc
name: Perrotin, Franck
name: Gallot, Denis
name: Chauleur, Céline
name: Sananes, Nicolas
name: Roth, Emmanuel
name: Luton, Dominique
name: Caputo, Marie
name: Lorio, Elodie
name: Chatelet, Carla
name: Couster, Julien
name: Timbely, Oumar
name: Doret-Dion, Muriel
name: Duhamel, Alain
name: Pigeyre, Marie
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Cancer
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Content of the e-learning program. Table giving more detailed information about the program
Additional file 2 of Impact of low skeletal muscle mass index and perioperative blood transfusion on the prognosis for HCC following curative resection
Creators: name: Bekki, Tomoaki
name: Abe, Tomoyuki
name: Amano, Hironobu
name: Hattori, Minoru
name: Kobayashi, Tsuyoshi
name: Nakahara, Masahiro
name: Ohdan, Hideki
name: Noriyuki, Toshio
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 2: Supplemental Table 1. Characteristics of low SMI and high SMI patients with hepatocellular carcinoma.
Additional file 1 of Never and under cervical cancer screening in Switzerland and Belgium: trends and inequalities
Creators: name: Jolidon, Vladimir
name: Prez, Vincent De
name: Willems, Barbara
name: Bracke, Piet
name: Cullati, Stéphane
name: Burton-Jeangros, Claudine
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1 : Table S.3a. Adjusted prevalence rations (APR) for never CCS among eligible women in Switzerland and Belgiuma. Table S.3b. Adjusted prevalence rations (APR) for under CCS among eligible women in Switzerland and Belgiuma.
Constraining the Radio Properties of the $z$=6.44 QSO VIK J2318$-$3113
Creators: name: Ighina, Luca
name: Leung, James K.
name: Broderick, Jess W.
name: Drouart, Guillaume
name: Seymour, Nick
name: Belladitta, Silvia
name: Caccianiga, Alessandro
name: Lenc, Emil
name: Moretti, Alberto
name: An, Tao
name: Galvin, Tim J.
name: Heald, George H.
name: Huynh, Minh T.
name: McConnell, David
name: Murphy, Tara
name: Pritchard, Joshua
name: Quici, Benjamin
name: Shabala, Stas S.
name: Tingay, Steven J.
name: Turner, Ross J.
name: Wang, Yuanming
name: White, Sarah V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The recent detection of the quasi-stellar object (QSO) VIKING J231818.3$-$311346 (hereafter VIK J2318$-$3113) at redshift $z=6.44$ in the Rapid ASKAP Continuum Survey (RACS) uncovered its radio-loud nature, making it one of the most distant known to date in this class. By using data from several radio surveys of the Galaxy and Mass Assembly 23$^\mathrm{h}$ field and from dedicated follow-up, we were able to constrain the radio spectrum of VIK J2318$-$3113 in the observed range $\sim$0.1--10 GHz. At high frequencies (0.888--5.5 GHz in the observed frame) the QSO presents a steep spectrum ($α_{\rm r}$=1.24, with $S_ν\propto ν^{-α_{\rm r}}$), while at lower frequencies (0.4--0.888 GHz in the observed frame) it is nearly flat. The overall spectrum can be modelled by either a curved function with a rest-frame turnover around 5 GHz, or with a smoothly varying double power law that is flat below a rest-frame break frequency of about 20 GHz and which significantly steepens above it. Based on the model adopted, we estimated that the radio jets of VIK J2318$-$3113 must be a few hundred years old, in the case of a turnover, or less than few$\times$10$^4$ years, in the case of a break in the spectrum. Having multiple observations at two frequencies (888 MHz and 5.5 GHz), we further investigated the radio variability previously reported for this source. We found that the marginally significant flux density variations are consistent with the expectations from refractive interstellar scintillation, even though relativistic effects related to the orientation of the source may still play a non-negligible role. Further radio and X-ray observations are required to conclusively discern the nature of this variation.
description: Accepted for publication in A&A
Additional file 1 of Effect of fungal, oomycete and nematode interactions on apple root development in replant soil
Creators: name: Tilston, Emma L.
name: Deakin, Gregory
name: Bennett, Julie
name: Passey, Thomas
name: Harrison, Nicola
name: Fernández, Felicidad
name: Xu, Xiangming
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 1. Additional tables.
Role of self-generated magnetic fields in the inertial fusion ignition threshold
Creators: name: Sadler, James D.
name: Walsh, Christopher A.
name: Zhou, Ye
name: Li, Hui
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Magnetic fields spontaneously grow at unstable interfaces around hot-spot asymmetries during inertial confinement fusion implosions. Although difficult to measure, theoretical considerations and numerical simulations predict field strengths exceeding 5kT in current national ignition facility experiments. Magnetic confinement of electrons then reduces the hot-spot heat loss by >5%. We demonstrate this via magnetic post-processing of two-dimensional xRAGE hydrodynamic simulation data at bang time. We then derive a model for the self-magnetization, finding that it varies with the square of the stagnation temperature and inversely with the areal density. The self-magnetized Lawson analysis then gives a slightly reduced ignition threshold. Time dependent hot-spot energy balance models corroborate this finding, with the magnetic field quadrupling the fusion yield for near threshold parameters. The inclusion of magnetized multi-dimensional fluid instabilities could further alter the ignition threshold, and will be the subject of future work.
Further Evidence of Modified Spin-down in Sun-like Stars: Pileups in the Temperature-Period Distribution
Creators: name: David, Trevor J.
name: Angus, Ruth
name: Curtis, Jason L.
name: van Saders, Jennifer L.
name: Colman, Isabel L.
name: Contardo, Gabriella
name: Lu, Yuxi
name: Zinn, Joel C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We combine stellar surface rotation periods determined from NASA's Kepler mission with spectroscopic temperatures to demonstrate the existence of pileups at the long-period and short-period edges of the temperature-period distribution for main-sequence stars with temperatures exceeding $\sim 5500$K. The long-period pileup is well-described by a curve of constant Rossby number, with a critical value of $\mathrm{Ro_{crit}} \lesssim 2$. The long-period pileup was predicted by van Saders et al. (2019) as a consequence of weakened magnetic braking, in which wind-driven angular momentum losses cease once stars reach a critical Rossby number. Stars in the long-period pileup are found to have a wide range of ages ($\sim 2-6$Gyr), meaning that, along the pileup, rotation period is strongly predictive of a star's surface temperature but weakly predictive of its age. The short-period pileup, which is also well-described by a curve of constant Rossby number, is not a prediction of the weakened magnetic braking hypothesis but may instead be related to a phase of slowed surface spin-down due to core-envelope coupling. The same mechanism was proposed by Curtis et al. (2020) to explain the overlapping rotation sequences of low-mass members of differently aged open clusters. The relative dearth of stars with intermediate rotation periods between the short- and long-period pileups is also well-described by a curve of constant Rossby number, which aligns with the period gap initially discovered by McQuillan et al. (2013a) in M-type stars. These observations provide further support for the hypothesis that the period gap is due to stellar astrophysics, rather than a non-uniform star-formation history in the Kepler field.
description: Accepted to ApJ. 29 pages, 21 figures. The data and code required to reproduce this work is available at http://github.com/trevordavid/rossby-ridge
Search for the correlations between host properties and ${\rm DM_{host}}$ of fast radio bursts: constraints on the baryon mass fraction in IGM
Creators: name: Lin, Hai-Nan
name: Li, Xin
name: Tang, Li
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The application of fast radio bursts (FRBs) as probes to investigate astrophysics and cosmology requires the proper modelling of the dispersion measures of Milky Way (${\rm DM_{MW}}$) and host galaxy (${\rm DM_{host}}$). ${\rm DM_{MW}}$ can be estimated using the Milky Way electron models, such as NE2001 model and YMW16 model. However, ${\rm DM_{host}}$ is hard to model due to limited information on the local environment of FRBs. In this paper, using 17 well-localized FRBs, we search for the possible correlations between ${\rm DM_{host}}$ and the properties of host galaxies, such as the redshift, the stellar mass, the star-formation rate, the age of galaxy, the offset of FRB site from galactic center, and the half-light radius. We find no strong correlation between ${\rm DM_{host}}$ and any of the host property. Assuming that ${\rm DM_{host}}$ is a constant for all host galaxies, we constrain the fraction of baryon mass in the intergalactic medium today to be $f_{\rm IGM,0}=0.78_{-0.19}^{+0.15}$. If we model ${\rm DM_{host}}$ as a log-normal distribution, however, we obtain a larger value, $f_{\rm IGM,0}=0.83_{-0.17}^{+0.12}$. Based on the limited number of FRBs, no strong evidence for the redshift evolution of $f_{\rm IGM}$ is found.
description: 13 pages, 5 figures, 4 tables, accepted by Chinese Physics C
A probabilistic method for detecting solar-like oscillations using meaningful prior information
Creators: name: Nielsen, M. B.
name: Hatt, E.
name: Chaplin, W. J.
name: Ball, W. H.
name: Davies, G. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Current and future space-based observatories such as the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) and PLATO are set to provide an enormous amount of new data on oscillating stars, and in particular stars that oscillate similar to the Sun. Solar-like oscillators constitute the majority of known oscillating stars and so automated analysis methods are becoming an ever increasing necessity to make as much use of these data as possible. Here we aim to construct an algorithm that can automatically determine if a given time series of photometric measurements shows evidence of solar-like oscillations. The algorithm is aimed at analyzing data from the TESS mission and the future PLATO mission, and in particular stars in the main-sequence and subgiant evolutionary stages. The algorithm first tests the range of observable frequencies in the power spectrum of a TESS light curve for an excess that is consistent with that expected from solar-like oscillations. In addition, the algorithm tests if a repeating pattern of oscillation frequencies is present in the time series, and whether it is consistent with the large separation seen in solar-like oscillators. Both methods use scaling relations and observations which were established and obtained during the CoRoT, Kepler, and K2 missions. Using a set of test data consisting of visually confirmed solar-like oscillators and nonoscillators observed by TESS, we find that the proposed algorithm can attain a $94.7\%$ true positive rate and a $8.2\%$ false positive rate at peak accuracy. However, by applying stricter selection criteria, the false positive rate can be reduced to $\approx2\%$, while retaining an $80\%$ true positive rate.
description: Accepted for publication in A&A. 13 pages, 9 figures
Additional file 1 of Reliance on emotion promotes belief in fake news
Creators: name: Martel, Cameron
name: Pennycook, Gordon
name: Rand, David G.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1. Additional file contains descriptive statistics and additional analyses
Additional file 2 of Effects of hydroxyapatite-coated nonwoven polyethylene/polypropylene fabric on non-mesodermal lineage-specific differentiation of human adipose-derived stem cells
Creators: name: Ntege, Edward Hosea
name: Sunami, Hiroshi
name: Denda, Junko
name: Futenma, Naoko
name: Shimizu, Yusuke
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 2. Morphological observations with the phase-contrast microscopy (PDF file format). (a) Morphological changes of the induced ASCs in 2D cultures: (i) undifferentiated ASCs with fibroblast-like appearance (control), (ii) 2 weeks of induced cultures showing multinucleation and elongation, (iii) Four weeks of induced cultures showing oval-like, fork-like and myotube-like structures. (b) Morphological observations of the induced ASCs in 3D cultures: (i) HAp-coated nonwoven PET/PP fabric, × 20 magnification, (ii) uninduced ASC culture with fibroblast-like appearance below the nonwoven fibers (control), (iii) representative of the 3D culture phase-contrast microscopy images, where cell morphology was relatively difficult to describe.
Smoothing algorithms for projected center-vortex gauge fields
Creators: name: Virgili, Adam
name: Kamleh, Waseem
name: Leinweber, Derek
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the application of $\mathrm{SU}(3)$ gauge field smoothing methods to $\mathrm{Z}(3)$-projected center-vortex gauge fields. Due to the proportionality of the vortex links to the identity, naive applications of these methods are either ineffectual or limited in scope, containing subtle issues which are not obviously manifest. To overcome these issues we introduce centrifuge preconditioning, a novel method applied prior to smoothing that rotates the links away from the center while preserving the fundamental structure of the vortex field. Additionally, the concept of vortex-preserved annealed smoothing is formulated to ensure the smoothing procedure maintains the underlying vortex structure. The application of these new methods in the context of annealed smoothing applied to vortex fields is shown to successfully achieve the desired smoothness condition required for the study of more advanced operators.
description: 17 pages, 13 figures, 5 tables
Additional file 4 of Effects of hydroxyapatite-coated nonwoven polyethylene/polypropylene fabric on non-mesodermal lineage-specific differentiation of human adipose-derived stem cells
Creators: name: Ntege, Edward Hosea
name: Sunami, Hiroshi
name: Denda, Junko
name: Futenma, Naoko
name: Shimizu, Yusuke
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 4. ASCs phenotype profiling. ASC surface markers as determined by flowcytometry analysis in P3 ASC cultures for (i)–(ix): Phycoerythrin (PE), CD105, CD73, CD44, CD29, CD90, CD45, CD34, and CD31 respectively. PS; percentage of positive cells.
Isoparametric singularity extraction technique for 3D potential problems in BEM
Creators: name: Kanduc, Tadej
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: To solve boundary integral equations for potential problems using collocation Boundary Element Method (BEM) on smooth curved 3D geometries, an analytical singularity extraction technique is employed. By adopting the isoparametric approach, curved geometries that are represented by mapped rectangles or triangles from the parametric domain are considered. The singularity extraction on the governing singular integrals can be performed either as an operation of subtraction or division, each having some advantages. A particular series expansion of a singular kernel about a source point is investigated. The series in the intrinsic coordinates consists of functions of a type $R^p x^q y^r$, where $R$ is a square root of a quadratic bivariate homogeneous polynomial, corresponding to the first fundamental form of a smooth surface, and $p,q,r$ are integers, satisfying $p\leq -1$ and $q,r \geq 0$. By extracting more terms from the series expansion of the singular kernel, the smoothness of the regularized kernel at the source point can be increased. Analytical formulae for integrals of such terms are obtained from antiderivatives of $R^p x^q y^r$, using recurrence formulae, and by evaluating them at the edges of rectangular or triangular parametric domains. Numerical tests demonstrate that the singularity extraction technique can be a useful prerequisite for a numerical quadrature scheme to obtain accurate evaluations of the governing singular integrals in 3D collocation BEM.
Towards lattice-gas description of low-temperature properties above the Haldane and cluster-based Haldane ground states of a mixed spin-(1,1/2) Heisenberg octahedral chain
Creators: name: Karlova, Katarina
name: Strecka, Jozef
name: Richter, Johannes
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The rich ground-state phase diagram of the mixed spin-(1,1/2) Heisenberg octahedral chain was previously elaborated from effective mixed-spin Heisenberg chains, which were derived by employing a local conservation of a total spin on square plaquettes of an octahedral chain. Here we present a comprehensive analysis of the thermodynamic properties of this model. In the highly frustrated parameter region the lowest-energy eigenstates of the mixed-spin Heisenberg octahedral chain belong to flat bands, which allow a precise description of low-temperature magnetic properties within the localized-magnon approach exploiting a classical lattice-gas model of hard-core monomers. The present article provides a more comprehensive version of the localized-magnon approach, which extends the range of its validity down to a less frustrated parameter region involving the Haldane and cluster-based Haldane ground states. A comparison between results of the developed localized-magnon theory and accurate numerical methods such as full exact diagonalization and finite-temperature Lanczos technique convincingly evidence that the low-temperature magnetic properties above the Haldane and the cluster-based Haldane ground states can be extracted from a classical lattice-gas model of hard-core monomers and dimers, which is additionally supplemented by a hard-core particle spanned over the whole lattice representing the gapped Haldane phase.
description: 13 pages, 10 figures
Stringent $σ_8$ constraints from small-scale galaxy clustering using a hybrid MCMC+emulator framework
Creators: name: Yuan, Sihan
name: Garrison, Lehman H.
name: Eisenstein, Daniel J.
name: Wechsler, Risa H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a novel simulation-based hybrid emulator approach that maximally derives cosmological and Halo Occupation Distribution (HOD) information from non-linear galaxy clustering, with sufficient precision for DESI Year 1 (Y1) analysis. Our hybrid approach first samples the HOD space on a fixed cosmological simulation grid to constrain the high-likelihood region of cosmology+HOD parameter space, and then constructs the emulator within this constrained region. This approach significantly reduces the parameter volume emulated over, thus achieving much smaller emulator errors with fixed number of training points. We demonstrate that this combined with state-of-the-art simulations result in tight emulator errors comparable to expected DESI Y1 LRG sample variance. We leverage the new AbacusSummit simulations and apply our hybrid approach to CMASS non-linear galaxy clustering data. We infer constraints on $σ_8 = 0.762\pm0.024$ and $fσ_8 (z_{eff} = 0.52) = 0.444\pm0.016$, the tightest among contemporary galaxy clustering studies. We also demonstrate that our $fσ_8$ constraint is robust against secondary biases and other HOD model choices, a critical first step towards showcasing the robust cosmology information accessible in non-linear scales. We speculate that the additional statistical power of DESI Y1 should tighten the growth rate constraints by at least another 50-60%, significantly elucidating any potential tension with Planck. We also address the "lensing is low" tension, where we find that the combined effect of a lower $fσ_8$ and environment-based bias lowers the predicted lensing signal by 15%, accounting for approximately 50% of the discrepancy between the lensing measurement and clustering-based predictions.
description: Accepted to MNRAS, comments welcome
Anomalous time of flight behavior of fast ions in laser produced aluminum plasma
Creators: name: Arora, Garima
name: Thomas, Jinto
name: Joshi, Hem Chandra
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, dynamics of multi-charged ions emitted from an aluminum plasma produced by Q switched Nd: Yag laser is studied using time of flight (TOF) measurements from Langmuir Probe (LP) and spectroscopy (STOF) under Ar ambient of 0.02 mbar. The temporal evolution of multi-charged ions, background neutrals and ions is systematically studied for varying laser intensities. The temporal evolution shows all the species have double peak structure for all the laser intensities considered in the study. The fast peak is sharp whereas the slow peak is broad similar to that observed in previous studies. Moreover, higher charged ions have higher velocity, indicating acceleration from the transient electric field produced at the very initial temporal stages of expansion. Interestingly, the fast peak gets delayed, whereas the slow peak advances in time with increased laser intensity, which has not been reported in earlier studies. The observations point towards the possible role of ambipolar electric fields in the unexpected observed behavior of the TOF profiles.
description: 8 pages, 10 figures
Laser ablation and fragmentation of Boron in liquids
Creators: name: Aiyyzhy, K. O.
name: Barmina, E. V.
name: Voronov, V. V.
name: Shafeev, G. A.
name: Novikov, G. G.
name: Uvarov, O. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Nanoparticles of elemental Boron are generated for the first time by laser ablation of a sintered Boron target in liquid isopropanol and subsequent laser fragmentation of the suspension. For this purpose an ytterbium doped fiber laser was used at wavelength of 1060-1070 nm, pulse repetition rate of 20 kHz, and pulse duration of 200 ns. The size of Boron nanoparticles after ablation and fragmentation of the suspension is around 30 nm. Nanoparticles are made mostly of Boron and carbon, some particles have carbon shell. Allotropic composition of nanoparticles differs from that of the initial Boron target. Possible applications are discussed.
description: 13 pages, 10 figures
Factor Graphs for Quantum Information Processing
Creators: name: Cao, Michael X.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: [...] In this thesis, we are interested in generalizing factor graphs and the relevant methods toward describing quantum systems. Two generalizations of classical graphical models are investigated, namely double-edge factor graphs (DeFGs) and quantum factor graphs (QFGs). Conventionally, a factor in a factor graph represents a nonnegative real-valued local functions. Two different approaches to generalize factors in classical factor graphs yield DeFGs and QFGs, respectively. We proposed/re-proposed and analyzed generalized versions of belief-propagation algorithms for DeFGs/QFGs. As a particular application of the DeFGs, we investigate the information rate and their upper/lower bounds of classical communications over quantum channels with memory. In this study, we also propose a data-driven method for optimizing the upper/lower bounds on information rate.
description: This is the finial version of the thesis of Michael X. Cao submitted in April 2021 in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of doctor of philosophy in information engineering at the Chinese university of Hong Kong
Designing Stress-Adaptive Dense Suspensions using Dynamic Covalent Chemistry
Creators: name: Jackson, Grayson L.
name: Dennis, Joseph M.
name: Dolinski, Neil D.
name: van der Naald, Michael
name: Kim, Hojin
name: Eom, Christopher
name: Rowan, Stuart J.
name: Jaeger, Heinrich M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The non-Newtonian behaviors of dense suspensions are central to their use in technological and industrial applications and arise from a network of particle-particle contacts that dynamically adapts to imposed shear. Reported herein are studies aimed at explor-ing how dynamic covalent chemistry between particles and the polymeric solvent can be used to tailor such stress-adaptive contact networks leading to their unusual rheological behaviors. Specifically, a room temperature dynamic thia-Michael bond is employed to rationally tune the equilibrium constant (Keq) of the polymeric solvent to the particle interface. It is demonstrated that low Keq leads to shear thinning while high Keq produces antithixotropy, a rare phenomenon where the viscosity increases with shearing time. It is proposed that an increase in Keq increases the polymer graft density at the particle surface and that antithixotropy primar-ily arises from partial debonding of the polymeric graft/solvent from the particle surface and the formation of polymer bridges between particles. Thus, the implementation of dynamic covalent chemistry provides a new molecular handle with which to tailor the macroscopic rheology of suspensions by introducing programable time dependence. These studies open the door to energy absorbing materials that not only sense mechanical inputs and adjust their dissipation as a function of time or shear rate but can switch between these two modalities on demand.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures (Supporting: 26 pages, 17 figures)
Observing the inner parsec-scale region of candidate neutrino-emitting blazars
Creators: name: Nanci, Cristina
name: Giroletti, Marcello
name: Orienti, Monica
name: Migliori, Giulia
name: Moldón, Javier
name: Garrappa, Simone
name: Kadler, Matthias
name: Ros, Eduardo
name: Buson, Sara
name: An, Tao
name: Pérez-Torres, Miguel A.
name: D'Ammando, Filippo
name: Mohan, Prashanth
name: Agudo, Ivan
name: Sohn, Bong W.
name: Castro-Tirado, Alberto J.
name: Zhang, Yingkang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Context. Many questions on the nature of astrophysical counterparts of high-energy neutrinos remain unanswered. There is increasing evidence of a connection between blazar jets and neutrino events, with the flare of the gamma-ray blazar TXS0506+056 in spatial and temporal proximity of IC170922A representing one of the most outstanding associations of high-energy neutrinos with astrophysical sources reported so far. Aims. With the purpose of characterising potential blazar counterparts to high-energy neutrinos, we analysed the parsec-scale regions of gamma-ray blazars in spatial coincidence with neutrinos detected by IceCube. Specifically, we intended to investigate peculiar radio properties of the candidate counterparts related to neutrino production, as radio flares coincident to the neutrino detection or features in jets morphology (limb brightening, transverse structures). Methods. We collected multi-frequency VLBI follow-up observations of candidate counterparts of four high-energy neutrino events detected by IceCube between January 2019 and November 2020. We analysed their radio characteristics soon after the neutrino arrival in comparison with archival VLBI observations and low-frequency radio observations. We discussed our results with respect to previous statistical works and studies on the case of TXS 0506+056. Results. We identified and analysed in detail five potential neutrino emitting blazars. Our results suggest an enhanced state of radio activity for one source, PKS1725+123. However, the lack of adequate monitoring prior to the neutrino events was a limitation in tracing radio activity and morphological changes in all the sources. Conclusions. We suggest that PKS1725+123 is a promising neutrino source candidate. For the other four sources, our results alone do not allow us to reveal a strong connection between the radio activity state at neutrino arrival.
description: 22 pages, 6 figures, accepted for publication in A&A
Additional file 1 of Evaluation of pre-Games effects of the Tokyo 2020 Olympic Games on Japanese population-level physical activity: a time-series analysis
Creators: name: Amagasa, Shiho
name: Kamada, Masamitsu
name: Bauman, Adrian E.
name: Miyachi, Motohiko
name: Inoue, Shigeru
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1: Appendix Figure 1. Changes in the trends of population-level physical activity for each survey. NSLS, National Sports Life Survey; NHNS-J, National Health and Nutrition Survey, Japan; POSSP, Public Opinion Survey on Sports Participation of Tokyo residents; EBP, Estimated break-point. Sports participation rate is defined as engaging in sports at least once per week. For assessing exercise habit prevalence, exercise was defined as engaging in exercise activities for ≥30 min/day, ≥2 days/week, over a year. The exercise habit prevalence and average step count data were adjusted for age and gender. When analysing the NSLS data, the residential area was added to the adjustments. The estimated break-points and slope are calculated using segmented regression analysis. a)–c): national sample, d): Tokyo residents. For sports participation rates among Tokyo residents in the NSLS (sub-sample analysis, not shown), there was no estimated break point because there was no change in the linear relationship.
Additional file 3 of Assessing the acoustic behaviour of Anopheles gambiae (s.l.) dsxF mutants: implications for vector control
Creators: name: Su, Matthew P.
name: Georgiades, Marcos
name: Bagi, Judit
name: Kyros Kyrou
name: Crisanti, Andrea
name: Joerg T. Albert
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 3: Table S1. Outputs of linear model relating wing beat frequency to sex, genotype and wing length. Parameter estimates for linear model fitted in R using the lme4 package as: Wing beat frequency ~ Sex*Genotype + Wing length. Significant values are italicised. Whilst we found that sex, genotype, and sex:genotype were all highly significant factors in determining wing beat frequency, wing length was not found to significantly affect wing beat frequency.
Efficient measurement of the time-dependent cavity field through compressed sensing
Creators: name: Zhao, Fang
name: Zhao, Qing
name: Xu, Dazhi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a method based on compressed sensing (CS) to measure the evolution processes of the states of a driven cavity quantum electrodynamics system. In precisely reconstructing the coherent cavity field amplitudes, we have to prepare the same states repetitively and each time perform one measurement with short sampling intervals considering the quantum nature of measurement and the Nyquist-Shannon sampling theorem. However, with the help of CS, the number of measurements can be exponentially reduced without loss of the recovery accuracy. We use largely detuned atoms and control their interactions with the cavity field to modulate coherent state amplitudes according to the scheme encoded in the sensing matrix. The simulation results show that the CS method efficiently recovers the amplitudes of the coherent cavity field even in the presence of noise.
description: 8 pages, 3 figures
Additional file 2 of Evaluation of pre-Games effects of the Tokyo 2020 Olympic Games on Japanese population-level physical activity: a time-series analysis
Creators: name: Amagasa, Shiho
name: Kamada, Masamitsu
name: Bauman, Adrian E.
name: Miyachi, Motohiko
name: Inoue, Shigeru
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 2: Appendix Table 1. Sensitivity analysis for the pre-Games effects of the Tokyo 2020 Olympic Games on sports participation in the National Sports-Life Survey data set.
Pre-main Sequence stars in LH91
Creators: name: Carini, R.
name: Biazzo, K.
name: De Marchi, G.
name: Panagia, N.
name: Beccari, G.
name: Brocato, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the accretion properties of pre-main sequence low-mass stars in the LH 91 association within the Large Magellanic Clouds. Using optical multiband photometry obtained with the Hubble Space Telescope, we identify 75 candidates showing H$α$ excess emission above the 3$σ$ level with equivalent width $EW_{Hα}$ $\ge$ 10 Å. We estimate the physical parameters (effective temperature, luminosity, age, mass, accretion luminosity and mass accretion rate) of the pre-main sequence stellar candidates. The age distribution suggests a star formation ranging from few Myr up to $\sim$ 60 Myr with a gap between $\sim$ 5 Myr and 10 Myr. The masses of the PMS candidates span from 0.2 $M_{\odot}$ for the cooler objects to 1.0 $M_{\odot}$ with a median of $\sim$ 0.80 $M_{\odot}$. The median value of the accretion luminosity of our 75 PMS stars is about 0.12 $L_{\odot}$, the median value of the mass accretion rate is about 4.8 $\times$ $10^{-9}$ $M_{\odot} yr^{-1}$ with higher values for the younger population ($\sim$ 1.2 $\times$ $10^{-8}$ $M_{\odot} yr^{-1}$), and lower values for the older candidates ($\sim$ 4.7 $\times$ $10^{-9}$ $M_{\odot} yr^{-1}$). We compare our results with the findings on LH 95, the closer region to LH 91 for which accretion properties of PMS candidates were derived. An interesting qualitative outcome is that LH 91 seems to be in a more evolved stage. Moreover, we find that the PMS candidates are distributed homogeneously, without any evidence of clumps around more massive stars.
description: A&A, 2022
Additional file 1 of Quantitative evaluation of hepatic integrin αvβ3 expression by positron emission tomography imaging using 18F-FPP-RGD2 in rats with non-alcoholic steatohepatitis
Creators: name: Hiroyama, Shuichi
name: Takemi Rokugawa
name: Ito, Miwa
name: Iimori, Hitoshi
name: Ippei Morita
name: Maeda, Hiroki
name: Fujisawa, Kae
name: Matsunaga, Keiko
name: Eku Shimosegawa
name: Abe, Kohji
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Developmental Biology

description: Additional file 1. Fig. 1: TLC autoradiograms of plasma and liver extracts from rats 30 or 90 min after the intravenous administration of 18F-FPP-RGD2; Table 1: Percentages of non-metabolised 18F-FPP-RGD2 in the plasma and liver.