cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Impact of cytogenetic abnormalities on treatment outcomes in patients with amyloid light-chain amyloidosis: subanalyses from the ANDROMEDA study
Creators: name: Kumar, Shaji
name: Dispenzieri, Angela
name: Bhutani, Divaya
name: Gertz, Morie
name: Wechalekar, Ashutosh
name: Palladini, Giovanni
name: Comenzo, Raymond
name: Fonseca, Rafael
name: Jaccard, Arnaud
name: Kastritis, Efstathios
name: Schönland, Stefan
name: la Porte, Charles
name: Pei, Huiling
name: Tran, NamPhuong
name: Merlini, Giampaolo
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Cancer
subject: Mental Health
subject: Hematology

description: Cytogenetic abnormalities are common in patients with amyloid light-chain (AL) amyloidosis; some are associated with poorer outcomes. This post hoc analysis of ANDROMEDA evaluated the impact of certain cytogenetic abnormalities on outcomes in this patient population. Patients with newly diagnosed AL amyloidosis were randomised 1:1 to daratumumab, bortezomib, cyclophosphamide, and dexamethasone (D-VCd) or VCd. Outcomes were evaluated in the intent-to-treat (ITT) population and in patients with t(11;14), amp1q21, del13q14, and del17p13. Overall, 321 patients had cytogenetic testing (D-VCd, n = 155; VCd, n = 166); most common abnormalities were t(11;14) and amp1q21. At a median follow-up of 20.3 months, haematologic complete response rates were higher with D-VCd vs VCd across all cytogenetic subgroups and organ response rates were numerically higher with D-VCd vs VCd across most subgroups. Point estimates for hazard ratio of major organ deterioration-PFS and -EFS favoured D-VCd over VCd for all cytogenetic subgroups. Deep haematologic responses (involved minus uninvolved free light chains [FLC] <10 mg/L or involved FLC ≤20 mg/L) were seen in more patients with D-VCd than VCd in all ITT and t(11;14) cohorts. These results support the use of D-VCd as standard of care in patients with newly diagnosed AL amyloidosis regardless of cytogenetic abnormalities.
Characterization and Cost Analysis of Drinking Water Quality Monitoring Programs in India and Jordan
Creators: name: Crocker, Jonathan
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: Water quality monitoring programs aim to support provision of safe drinking water through informed decision making at three levels: policy makers, water providers, and communities or end users. Little guidance or published evidence exists on best monitoring practices for low resource settings, such as in developing countries. The purpose of this research was to characterize current monitoring practices in India and Jordan, and analyze the costs of monitoring programs. Characterization included institutional mapping of the water sector and describing monitoring programs. Cost analysis included marginal costs; test materials, laboratory and sampling staff labor, and sample transportation. Focus was on monitoring of biological parameters (e.g. E. coli, coliforms, and H2S Presence-Absence). Data collection involved mixed qualitative and quantitative methods. The different approaches to monitoring drinking water and the principal components of cost in three states in India and in Jordan are presented. The study indicates that there is potential for substantive optimization of monitoring programs as currently practiced particularly in low population density areas.
A novel APOA1 frameshift mutation Glu120Glyfs*60 with upper gastrointestinal involvement and an indolent course
Creators: name: Muchtar, Eli
name: Dasari, Surendra
name: Theis, Jason D.
name: Ongie, Laura
name: Cabral, Huong T.
name: McPhail, Ellen D.
name: Dispenzieri, Angela
name: Gertz, Morie A.
name: Rech, Karen L.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology
subject: Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: A novel APOA1 frameshift mutation Glu120Glyfs*60 with upper gastrointestinal involvement and an indolent course
title: Preliminary study of low-tube voltage scan in evaluation of T-staging of rectal cancer with dual-source CT
Creators: name: Shi, Gaofeng
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Abdomen
subject: CT
subject: Staging
subject: Cancer

description: Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Purpose: To assess T-Staging of rectal cancer with low tube voltage by dual-source CT...
Proposal for probing energy transfer pathway by single-molecule pump-dump experiment
Creators: name: Tao, Ming-Jie
name: Ai, Qing
name: Deng, Fu-Guo
name: Cheng, Yuan-Chung
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The structure of Fenna-Matthews-Olson (FMO) light-harvesting complex has long been recognized as containing seven bacteriochlorophyll (BChl) molecules. Recently, an additional BChl molecule was discovered in the crystal structure of the FMO complex, which may serve as a link between baseplate and the remaining seven molecules. Here, we investigate excitation energy transfer (EET) process by simulating single-molecule pump-dump experiment in the eight-molecules complex. We adopt the coherent modified Redfield theory and non-Markovian quantum jump method to simulate EET dynamics. This scheme provides a practical approach of detecting the realistic EET pathway in BChl complexes with currently available experimental technology. And it may assist optimizing design of artificial light-harvesting devices.
description: 15 pages, 4 figures
Effective dynamics of disordered quantum systems
Creators: name: Kropf, Chahan
name: Gneiting, Clemens
name: Buchleitner, Andreas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive general evolution equations describing the ensemble-average quantum dynamics generated by disordered Hamiltonians. The disorder average affects the coherence of the evolution and can be accounted for by suitably tailored effective coupling agents and associated rates which encode the specific statistical properties of the Hamiltonian's eigenvectors and eigenvalues, respectively. Spectral disorder and isotropically disordered eigenvector distributions are considered as paradigmatic test cases.
description: 20 pages
Exploiting Path Diversity in Datacenters using MPTCP-aware SDN
Creators: name: Zannettou, Savvas
name: Sirivianos, Michael
name: Papadopoulos, Fragkiskos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: C.2.1

description: Recently, Multipath TCP (MPTCP) has been proposed as an alternative transport approach for datacenter networks. MPTCP provides the ability to split a flow into multiple paths thus providing better performance and resilience to failures. Usually, MPTCP is combined with flow-based Equal-Cost Multi-Path Routing (ECMP), which uses random hashing to split the MPTCP subflows over different paths. However, random hashing can be suboptimal as distinct subflows may end up using the same paths, while other available paths remain unutilized. In this paper, we explore an MPTCP-aware SDN controller that facilitates an alternative routing mechanism for the MPTCP subflows. The controller uses packet inspection to provide deterministic subflow assignment to paths. Using the controller, we show that MPTCP can deliver significantly improved performance when connections are not limited by the access links of hosts. To lessen the effect of throughput limitation due to access links, we also investigate the usage of multiple interfaces at the hosts. We demonstrate, using our modification of the MPTCP Linux Kernel, that using multiple subflows per pair of IP addresses can yield improved performance in multi-interface settings.
description: 8 pages, 7 figures, ISCC 2016, Messina, Italy
Additional file 1 of Behavioral, cognitive and emotional determinants of getting vaccinated for COVID-19 and the mediating role of institutional trust among young adults in Cyprus
Creators: name: Konstantinou, Pinelopi
name: Kyprianidou, Maria
name: Christodoulou, Andria
name: McHugh, Louise
name: Constantinou, Marios
name: Epiphaniou, Eleni
name: Vahey, Nigel
name: Nicolaou, Christiana
name: Middleton, Nicos
name: Karekla, Maria
name: Kassianos, Angelos P.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Supplementary Material 1
Sign-problem-free Monte Carlo simulation of certain frustrated quantum magnets
Creators: name: Alet, Fabien
name: Damle, Kedar
name: Pujari, Sumiran
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce a Quantum Monte Carlo (QMC) method which efficiently simulates in a sign-problem-free way a broad class of frustrated $S=1/2$ models with competing antiferromagnetic interactions. Our scheme uses the basis of total spin eigenstates of clusters of spins to avoid the severe sign problem faced by other QMC methods. We also flag important limitations of the new method, and comment on possibilities for further progress.
description: 6 pages + appendix with supplemental information
The Design and Evaluation of a Cyclone Sampling Inlet for the Mattson-Garvin Slit-to-Agar Bioaerosol Sampler
Creators: name: Martinez, Kenneth F.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1991

description: This study focuses on the design and evaluation of a cyclone sampling inlet for the Mattson-Garvin slit-to-agar bioaerosol sampler. Two helical inlet cross-sectional areas were selected based on theoretical estimates that provide a 50% effective cut-off diameter at 8 μm. Cyclone body lengths were selected as multiples (one, two, and three times) of the original sampling inlet diameter. The dimensions of the exit slit were designed to provide a cut-size of 1 μm. Each cyclone configuration was individually placed (side-by-side with a 47-mm filter cassette) in the interior downstream end of an aerosol chamber. Monodisperse aerosol particles, with aerodynamic diameters of 3.6, 5.3, 7, 9.3, and 11.8 μm, of oleic acid tagged with a fluorescent dye (uranine) were generated at the upstream end of the chamber using the Berglund-Liu vibrating orifice monodisperse aerosol generator. The TSI Aerodynamic Particle Sizer was used, at the sampler location, to verify aerodynamic particle size and aerosol generating system operation. The results indicate that the short cyclone body tube length provides the optimum environment for separation of particles, separation efficiency ranged from 15% to 33% for the increasing particle sizes investigated. Helix inlet cross-sectional area had no statistically significant effect on the separation efficiency.
Mechanisms of Potassium Bromate Induced Thyroid Carcinogenesis
Creators: name: Moore, Tanya Michelle
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2001

description: Bromate (BrO3-) occurs in finished drinking water as a by-product of the ozonation disinfection process. Potassium bromate, the experimental model compound, has been found to induce thyroid follicular cell tumors in the rat after 100 weeks. Little information exists on the mechanism(s) by which potassium bromate induces thyroid cancer. Thyroid hormone levels exert a significant effect on cellular metabolism, homeostasis, and central nervous system development. In order to shed light on the possible mechanism(s) of carcinogenesis, the early effects of KBrO3 administration in the drinking water on the serum levels of thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), triiodothyronine (T3), and thyroxin (T4), thyroid histopathology, follicular cell proliferation, apoptosis, and OH8 guanosine glycosylase (OGG1) repair activity were examined. Animals exposed to KBrO3 displayed increases in T3 and T4 hormones at 30days, with no change in TSH levels. Colloid depletion was observed within follicular cells in a dose and time dependent manner. Increased apoptosis was observed in the high dose animals (400mg/L KBrO3) at 30 days. No enhanced OGG1 expression was observed in the thyroids from rats treated with KBrO3 for 7 days. It appears that hormonal effects may play an active role in the mechanism of KBrO3 induced thyroid carcinogenesis.
title: Dual-energy CT: relationship between iodine concentration in perigastric adipose tissue and serosa invasion for gastric cancer
Creators: name: Shi, Gaofeng
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Abdomen
subject: CT
subject: Staging
subject: Cancer

description: Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Purpose: To investigate the relationship between iodine concentration (IC) in perigastric fat by dual-energy CT (DECT) and serosa invasion for gastric cancer using histopathologic result as...
title: Evaluation of abdominal organs by using breath hold and non-breath hold diffusion-weighted imaging
Creators: name: HEREK, DUYGU
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Abdomen
subject: MR-Diffusion/Perfusion
subject: Imaging sequences

description: Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Purpose: Diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) is a sequence that uses random motion of water molecules in the body to produce images. It has been used for stroke imaging at the beginning. Recently with the development of rapid sequences as echo-planar imaging...
title: Self-assessment of clinical image quality in plain radiography: an evidence-based practice for radiographers
Creators: name: Kärnä, Niina
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Thorax
subject: Musculoskeletal joint
subject: Digital radiography
subject: Conventional radiography
subject: Audit and standards
subject: Quality assurance

description: Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Purpose: A plain radiographic examination is the most common basic examination whereby the clinical image quality should be systematically assessed by the organization (1). A diagnostically adequate plain radiographic examination improves patient care and...
Water Supply and Sanitation Interventions in Developing Countries: The Role of Hygiene Promotion
Creators: name: Kabiru, Caroline Wanjiku
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2001

description: The World Health Organization's (WHO) Global Water Supply and Sanitation Assessment 2000 Report, states that as of the beginning of the year 2000, 2.4 billion people lacked access to proper sanitation facilities while another 1.1 billion lacked access to improved water supplies (WHO, 2000). Given the negative health impacts associated within adequate water supplies and sanitation, these numbers suggest that there is a great need for interventions designed to increase access to safe and adequate water supply and sanitation. However, the provision of the appropriate technology and infrastructure may be insufficient if people fail to use it or if they lack a basic understanding of the need for hygiene. Based on this assumption this review aims to determine whether properly designed hygiene promotion programs enhance the success of water supply and sanitation interventions. The findings from the review of the literature are inconclusive in term of whether hygiene promotion enhances the success of water supply and sanitation interventions. However, there is some evidence that hygiene promotion alone can result in a reduction of certain disease outcomes and may therefore be a low-cost alternative where the provision of water supply and sanitation infrastructure is not feasible.
title: Scatter Radiation by C-arm Cone-beam Computed Tomography in Angiographic Suite -Dose Distribution and Effectiveness of Protective Devices-
Creators: name: morikawa, mayako
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Education and training
subject: Radiation safety
subject: Cone beam CT
subject: Radioprotection / Radiation dose

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) obtained by rotating a flat-panel detector of angiographic system has been widely used in various interventional radiologic procedures. Figure 1 shows a case of hepatocellular carcinoma treated with transarterial...
title: Evaluation of thyroid nodules: prediction and selection of malignant nodules for FNA (cytology)
Creators: name: Papadaki, Evangelia
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Thyroid / Parathyroids
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Neoplasia

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: To report the sonographic(US) criteria for the differential diagnosis of benign vs malignant thyroid nodules for accurate selection only of suspicious for malignancy nodules and further investigation with ultrasound guided fine needle...
Echocardiographic findings in subjects with an amyloidogenic apolipoprotein A1 pathogenic variant
Creators: name: Tomasoni, Daniela
name: Aimo, Alberto
name: Adamo, Marianna
name: Nardi, Matilde
name: Lombardi, Carlo Mario
name: Regazzoni, Valentina
name: De Angelis, Maria Grazia
name: Fabiani, Iacopo
name: Merlini, Giampaolo
name: Mussinelli, Roberta
name: Obici, Laura
name: Panichella, Giorgia
name: Vergaro, Giuseppe
name: Passino, Claudio
name: Scolari, Francesco
name: Perlini, Stefano
name: Emdin, Michele
name: Metra, Marco
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: Cancer
subject: Mental Health
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Very small case series of patients with apolipoprotein A1 (ApoA1) amyloidosis are available. We described the clinical and echocardiographic characteristics of individuals with the pathogenic APOA1 variant Leu75Pro (p. Leu99Pro), referred for cardiac screening. We enrolled 189 subjects, 54% men, median age 55 years (interquartile range 42–67), 39% with concomitant renal disease and 31% with liver disease. Median left ventricular ejection fraction was 60% (55–66). Overall, these subjects did not show overt diastolic dysfunction nor left ventricular (LV) hypertrophy. Age correlated with interventricular septal (IVS) thickness (r = 0.484), LV mass index (r = 0.459), E/e’ (r = 0.501), and right ventricular free wall thickness (r = 0.594) (all p < 0.001). Some individuals displayed red flags for cardiac amyloidosis (CA), and 14% met non-invasive criteria for CA. Twenty-nine subjects died over 5.8 years (4.1–8.0), with 10 deaths for cardiovascular causes. Individuals meeting echocardiographic criteria for CA had a much higher risk of all-cause death (p = 0.009), cardiovascular death (p = 0.001), cardiovascular death or heart failure (HF) hospitalisation (p < 0.001). Subjects with both renal and liver involvement had a more prominent cardiac involvement, and shortest survival. Subjects with the APOA1 Leu75Pro variant displayed minor echocardiographic signs of cardiac involvement, but 14% met echocardiographic criteria for CA. Subjects with suspected CA had a worse outcome.
Galois structure on integral valued polynomials
Creators: name: Heidaryan, Bahar
name: Longo, Matteo
name: Peruginelli, Giulio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 13F20, 11R32, 11S20, 11C08

description: We characterize finite Galois extensions $K$ of the field of rational numbers in terms of the rings ${\rm Int}_{\mathbb{Q}}(\mathcal O_K)$, recently introduced by Loper and Werner, consisting of those polynomials which have coefficients in $\mathbb{Q}$ and such that $f(\mathcal O_K)$ is contained in $\mathcal O_K$. We also address the problem of constructing a basis for ${\rm Int}_{\mathbb{Q}}(\mathcal O_K)$ as a $\mathbb{Z}$-module.
description: final version, accepted for publication in J. Number Theory (2016). any comment is welcome
Additional file 1 of Comparison of gepant effects at therapeutic plasma concentrations: connecting pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics
Creators: name: Boucherie, Deirdre M.
name: Dammers, Ruben
name: Vincent, Arnaud
name: Danser, A. H. Jan
name: MaassenVanDenBrink, Antoinette
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Supplementary Material 1.
Comparison of cephalometric indicators between orthodontic camouflage versus orthognathic surgery in Class III malocclusion: A systematic review
Creators: name: Asyikin, Noor
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine and Health Sciences

description: To date, there is no systematic review about the indicators of the treatment in Class III malocclusion. Thus, this systematic review will compare the radiographic indicators, lip changes and also complication for orthodontic camouflage and orthognathic surgery in Class III malocclusion.
Fluorescent Fingerprinting Dissolved Organic Matter as a Water Quality Monitoring Tool in Potable and Reclaimed Water Systems
Creators: name: Polera, Rory Allen
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: Inevitably DOM is of major concern to most water utilities and will maintain of concern with changing water quality trends and future shifts in water resource management practices particularly with increasing multi-use water reclamation systems. I hypothesize the application of fluorescence spectroscopy sensors and the PARAFAC approach will help distinguish different water types and changing treated and distributed water quality (potable vs. non-potable), based on the known differences in DOM source and character of these different water types. I propose to evaluate different ways to use the information obtained from the fingerprints revealed by PARAFAC, to develop a widely applicable approach of distinguishing among water sources. The long term goal of this work is to provide the information needed to aid in the development of an on-line, real time water quality monitoring method based on fluorescence spectroscopy sensors and PARAFAC analysis. To address the proposed questions within this study, the central aims and objectives include the following: 1. To assess the fluorescence signature of both potable and reclaimed water, in order to compare and contrast potable and reclaimed water fluorescence signatures of different treatment systems. This will allow us to determine how the fluorescence signature of potable and reclaimed water varies between significantly different source waters and treatment technologies, yielding additional information about the reactivity/stability of the remaining organic matter distributed throughout the distribution system. 2. To measure the effect of individual treatment processes utilized on the fluorescence signature of DOM, to develop an understanding of the factors that make the fluorescence signature of reclaimed water different from potable water and potable water sources. 3. To measure variability in fluorescent signatures of potable and reclaimed water effluents (due to variation in the fluorescing influent organic matter), and to quantify influences of key water quality parameters (pH, temperature, treatment residuals, etc.). 4. To compare and contrast the lowest levels (detection limit) at which reclaimed water can be detected in drinking water, simulating a cross contamination event. 5. To determine the robust ability of PARAFAC modeling for better water system monitoring with different potable and reclaimed water samples, by investigating other systems with different source waters, treatment processes and distributed water quality.
Quantum Theory of Superresolution for Two Incoherent Optical Point Sources
Creators: name: Tsang, Mankei
name: Nair, Ranjith
name: Lu, Xiao-Ming
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Rayleigh's criterion for resolving two incoherent point sources has been the most influential measure of optical imaging resolution for over a century. In the context of statistical image processing, violation of the criterion is especially detrimental to the estimation of the separation between the sources, and modern farfield superresolution techniques rely on suppressing the emission of close sources to enhance the localization precision. Using quantum optics, quantum metrology, and statistical analysis, here we show that, even if two close incoherent sources emit simultaneously, measurements with linear optics and photon counting can estimate their separation from the far field almost as precisely as conventional methods do for isolated sources, rendering Rayleigh's criterion irrelevant to the problem. Our results demonstrate that superresolution can be achieved not only for fluorophores but also for stars.
description: 18 pages, 11 figures. v1: First draft. v2: Improved the presentation and added a section on the issues of unknown centroid and misalignment. v3: published in Physical Review X
Effective Theory and Breakdown of Conformal Symmetry in a Long-Range Quantum Chain
Creators: name: Lepori, Luca
name: Vodola, Davide
name: Pupillo, Guido
name: Gori, Giacomo
name: Trombettoni, Andrea
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We deal with the problem of studying the effective theories and the symmetries of long-range models around critical points. We focus in particular on the Kitaev chain with long-range pairings decaying with distance as power-law with exponent $α$. This is a quadratic solvable model, yet displaying non-trivial quantum phase transitions. By renormalization group approach we derive first the effective theory close to the critical line at positive chemical potential. This is the sum of two terms: a Dirac action $S_D$, found in the short-range Ising universality class, and a CS breaking term $S_{AN}$. While $S_D$ originates from low-energy excitations, $S_{AN}$ derives from the higher energy modes where singularities develop, due to the long-range nature of the model. At criticality $S_{AN}$ flows to zero if $α> 2$, while if $α< 2$ it dominates and determines the breakdown of the CS. Out of criticality $S_{AN}$ breaks, in the considered approximation, the effective Lorentz invariance (ELI) for every finite $α$. As $α$ increases, such ELI breakdown becomes less and less pronounced and in the short-range limit $α\to \infty$ the ELI is restored. To test the validity of the effective theory, we compared the two-fermion static correlations and the von Neumann entropy obtained from them with the ones calculated on the lattice, finding agreement. From the effective theory one can also see that new phases emerge for $α< 1$. Finally we show that at every finite $α$ the critical exponents are the same as for the short-range ($α\to \infty$) model. At variance, for the critical line with negative chemical potential, only $S_{AN}$ ($S_D$) is present for $1 < α< 2$ (for $α> 2$). Close to this line, where the minimum of the spectrum coincides with the momentum where singularities develop, the critical exponents change exactly where CS is broken.
description: 18+9 pages, 3+3 figures, accepted Ann. Phys
title: Computed Tomography for noninvasive quantitative assesment of the degree of hepatosteatosis in living donor liver transplantation: comparison of liver attenuation index with histopathological results.
Creators: name: Aysegul, Kahraman
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Abdomen
subject: CT-Quantitative
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Transplantation

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is described as a micro- and macrovesicular fatty infiltration of hepatocytes, secondary to hepatic damage [1]. Macrovesicular steatosis is the predominant type in adult and pediatric cases. Although the...
title: Factors associated with T2 Shine-Through Effect in Hepatic Hemangiomas on Diffusion-weighted MR Sequences
Creators: name: Vilgrain, Valerie
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Haemangioma
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: MR-Diffusion/Perfusion
subject: Abdomen
subject: Tissue characterisation

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Hepatic hemangiomas are the most common benign hepatic tumors and their prevalence ranges from 0.4-7.3% [1] up to 20% [2-3]. MRimaging has been shown as the best imaging modality for diagnosing hepatic hemangiomas with high sensitivity and...
Beginning inflation in an inhomogeneous universe
Creators: name: East, William E.
name: Kleban, Matthew
name: Linde, Andrei
name: Senatore, Leonardo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using numerical solutions of the full Einstein field equations coupled to a scalar inflaton field in 3+1 dimensions, we study the conditions under which a universe that is initially expanding, highly inhomogeneous and dominated by gradient energy can transition to an inflationary period. If the initial scalar field variations are contained within a sufficiently flat region of the inflaton potential, and the universe is spatially flat or open on average, inflation will occur following the dilution of the gradient and kinetic energy due to expansion. This is the case even when the scale of the inhomogeneities is comparable to the initial Hubble length, and overdense regions collapse and form black holes, because underdense regions continue expanding, allowing inflation to eventually begin. This establishes that inflation can arise from highly inhomogeneous initial conditions and solve the horizon and flatness problems, at least as long as the variations in the scalar field do not include values that exceed the inflationary plateau.
description: 14 pages, 6 figures; version accepted by JCAP
A long $\mathbb C^2$ without holomorphic functions
Creators: name: Thaler, Luka Boc
name: Forstneric, Franc
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 32E10, 32E30, 32H02

description: In this paper we construct for every integer $n>1$ a complex manifold of dimension $n$ which is exhausted by an increasing sequence of biholomorphic images of $\mathbb C^n$ (i.e., a long $\mathbb C^n$), but it does not admit any nonconstant holomorphic or plurisubharmonic functions. Furthermore, we introduce new biholomorphic invariants of a complex manifold $X$, the stable core and the strongly stable core, that are based on the long term behavior of hulls of compact sets with respect to an exhaustion of $X$. We show that every compact polynomially convex set $B\subset \mathbb C^n$ which is the closure of its interior is the strongly stable core of a long $\mathbb C^n$; in particular, biholomorphically nonequivalent sets give rise to nonequivalent long $\mathbb C^n$'s. Furthermore, for any open set $U\subset \mathbb C^n$ there exists a long $\mathbb C^n$ whose stable core is dense in $U$. It follows that for any $n>1$ there is a continuum of pairwise nonequivalent long $\mathbb C^n$'s with no nonconstant plurisubharmonic functions and no nontrivial holomorphic automorphisms. These results answer several long standing open problems.
description: To appear in Analysis & PDE
Identification of Membrane Foulants and Optimum Cleaning Strategies for NF and RO Membranes Treating Groundwaters from the Castle Hayne and Peedee Aquifers
Creators: name: Gorzalski, Alexander S.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: Membrane fouling consists of the accumulation of solutes and/or particulate matter on the membrane surface, resulting in decreased performance in terms of permeate water flux and/or solute rejection. Given the rising number of nanofiltration (NF) and reverse osmosis (RO)installations throughout North Carolina, studies on the fouling properties of local source waters and corresponding cleaning strategies are needed. Accordingly, we have identified foulants and optimum cleaning strategies for membranes collected from the Cape Fear Public Utility Authority (CFPUA) NF plant, which treats water from the Castle Hayne and Peedee aquifers. Castle Hayne foulants included dissolved organic matter and inorganic species, primarily calcium, silica, aluminum, and iron. Peedee foulants contained low concentrations of organic matter, and relatively high concentrations of calcium and silica. Alkaline cleaning solutions, particularly basic solutions containing ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), were shown to be more effective than acidic solutions at increasing water productivity in membrane samples fouled at the CFPUA treatment plant. In addition, membranes obtained directly from the manufacturer (not used in the CFPUA treatment plant) were fouled in the laboratory using waters collected at the CFPUA NF plant. The fouling produced in the laboratory could not be reversed using the cleaning solutions that successfully reversed fouling on membranes fouled at full-scale; this indicates that for the waters tested in this study, fouling in the laboratory is not representative of full-scale processes. Pretreatment of source waters was performed to simulate sand filtration, microfiltration, and ultrafiltration; the various filtration treatments were found to be ineffective at removing dissolved constituents that resulted in membrane fouling. Although membrane fouling significantly increases power consumption by the pumps in the membrane stages of the CFPUA treatment plant, increasing cleaning frequency above the current average of two times per year would result in limited energy savings compared to chemical and labor costs.
title: Influence of tube-current modulation on exposure settings of the CT projection radiograph in pediatric abdominopelvic CT examination
Creators: name: Matsunaga, Yuta
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Radioprotection / Radiation dose
subject: Paediatric
subject: Radiation physics
subject: CT
subject: CT-Quantitative
subject: Digital radiography
subject: Dosimetry
subject: Localisation
subject: Comparative studies
subject: Quality assurance
subject: Dosimetric comparison
subject: Cancer

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: 1 Aims and objectives Computed tomography (CT) examinations have rapidly increased during the past decade in both adult and pediatric patients since the development of the multidetector-row computed tomography (MDCT) technology in the late 1990s. CT...
A phase 1b dose-escalation study of carfilzomib in combination with thalidomide and dexamethasone in patients with relapsed/refractory systemic immunoglobulin light chain amyloidosis
Creators: name: Ravichandran, Sriram
name: Hall, Andrew
name: Jenner, Matthew
name: Garg, Mamta
name: Kishore, Bhuvan
name: Lachmann, Helen
name: Gillmore, Julian
name: Pitchford, Alexandra
name: Oughton, Jamie B.
name: Mahmood, Shameem
name: Sachchithantham, Sajitha
name: Hawkins, Philip
name: Brown, Sarah
name: Wechalekar, Ashutosh
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Hematology
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Virology

description: Proteasome inhibitors are the backbone of AL amyloidosis treatment – bortezomib being most widely used. Carfilzomib is a proteasome inhibitor licenced to treat multiple myeloma; autonomic and peripheral neuropathy are uncommon toxicities with carfilzomib. There is limited data on the use of carfilzomib in AL amyloidosis. Here, we report the results of a phase Ib dose-escalation study of Carfilzomib-Thalidomide-Dexamethasone (KTD) in relapsed/refractory AL amyloidosis. The trial registered 11 patients from 6 UK centres from September 2017 to January 2019; 10 patients received at least one dose of trial treatment. 80 adverse events were reported from 10 patients in the 1st three cycles. One patient experienced dose-limiting toxicity (acute kidney injury) at a dose of 45 mg/m2, and another patient had a SAR (fever). Five patients experienced an AE ≥ grade 3. There were no haematologic, infectious, or cardiac AE ≥ grade 3. The overall haematological response rate (ORR) at the end of three cycles of treatment was 60%. Carfilzomib 45 mg/m2 weekly can be safely given with thalidomide and dexamethasone. The efficacy and tolerability profile appears comparable to other agents in relapsed AL amyloidosis. These data provide a framework for further studies of carfilzomib combinations in AL amyloidosis.
title: CT findings in adrenal adenoma: a new sign, the vessel sign
Creators: name: Vergara Díaz, Carlos
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Abdomen
subject: CT
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Hyperplasia / Hypertrophy

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Introduction Adrenal adenomas (AA) are benign tumors of glandular type that arise from the cortex of the adrenal gland. They commonly occur in adults, but they can be found at any age. Non-functioning AA are asymptomatic and are not considered to...
On the use of Perfectly Matched Layers at corners for scattering problems with sign-changing coefficients
Creators: name: Dhia, Anne-Sophie Bonnet-Ben
name: Carvalho, Camille
name: Chesnel, Lucas
name: Ciarlet, Patrick
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We investigate in a $2$D setting the scattering of time-harmonic electromagnetic waves by a plasmonic device, represented as a non dissipative bounded and penetrable obstacle with a negative permittivity. Using the $\textrm{T}$-coercivity approach, we first prove that the problem is well-posed in the classical framework $H^1_{\text{loc}} $ if the negative permittivity does not lie in some critical interval whose definition depends on the shape of the device. When the latter has corners, for values inside the critical interval, unusual strong singularities for the electromagnetic field can appear. In that case, well-posedness is obtained by imposing a radiation condition at the corners to select the outgoing black-hole plasmonic wave, that is the one which carries energy towards the corners. A simple and systematic criterion is given to define what is the outgoing solution. Finally, we propose an original numerical method based on the use of Perfectly Matched Layers at the corners. We emphasize that it is necessary to design an $\textit{ad hoc}$ technique because the field is too singular to be captured with standard finite element methods.
Additional file 1 of Exercise induced hypoalgesia after a high intensity functional training: a randomized controlled crossover study
Creators: name: Tomschi, Fabian
name: Ransmann, Pia
name: Schmidt, Alexander
name: Hilberg, Thomas
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Mental Health

description: Supplementary Material 1
Correlated Signals at the Energy and Intensity Frontiers from Nonabelian Kinetic Mixing
Creators: name: Barello, G.
name: Chang, Spencer
name: Newby, Christopher A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that when a dark abelian gauge sector and SU$(2)_{L}$ kinetically mix it necessarily generates a relation between the kinetic mixing strength and the mass of the mediating particle. Remarkably, this correspondence maps the weak scale directly to the kinetic mixing strengths being probed by modern fixed-target experiments and next generation flavor factories. This illuminates the exciting possibility of correlated discoveries of a new particle at the LHC and a dark photon at intensity frontier experiments. To motivate the scenario, we construct a simple model and explore its phenomenology and constraints.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures
Investigating Health Effects from Chronic Workplace Exposures using Existing Databases: A Case Study of Chronic Xylene Exposure
Creators: name: Baird, Nina J.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1992

description: A database method for associating health effects with chronic occupational exposures is presented. Exposure information is derived from the National Occupational Exposure Survey (NOES). Information on health conditions and occupation are taken from the 1988 National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) Core Questionnaire and the 1988 NHIS Occupational Health Supplement. Drinking behavior was determined by using the 1988 NHIS Alcohol Supplement. A case study evaluating the effects of chronic exposure to two neurotoxicants--alcohol and xylene--was performed. A working population with chronic xylene exposure was selected, sorted by frequency of alcohol consumption, and analyzed for several health effects. A statistically significant difference in the proportion of doctor-diagnosed hypertension among abstainers and moderate drinkers (9.90% and 5.62% respectively, p< 0.05) was found. To determine whether the observed effect was related to alcohol alone, a comparison group was selected and the overall proportion of hypertension among the two populations was determined. The proportion was found to be significantly higher among the xylene-exposed population (7.07% versus 5.55%) at the 95% confidence level. Logistic regression which simultaneously compared the influence of age, gender, race, drinking frequency and smoking behavior indicated that race, gender, age and xylene exposure had a significant impact on hypertension in this analysis. Suggestions for further applications of the study method and for additional investigation of cardiovascular effect from chronic solvent exposure are offered.
Attitudes and opinions of medical practitioners, researchers and consumers on the concept of credible information about health: a qualitative study
Creators: name: Ćaćić, Nensi
name: Buljan, Ivan
name: Sapunar, Damir
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine and Health Sciences

description: In order to understand why so many people fall into the trap of misinterpreting data, it is vital to explore what people of different backgrounds consider credible information about health. For that reason, we will use a qualitative approach with semi-structured interviews to better understand the knowledge and attitudes of medical practitioners, researchers, and consumers on the concept of credible information about health
title: Clearing the mind before the "caliber change": Diagnostic algorithm for small bowel obstruction.
Creators: name: Santos Montón, Cecilia
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Abdomen
subject: CT
subject: Education
subject: Acute

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: Small bowel obstruction is a common pathology among hospital emergencies. The main objective of this study is to create an algorithm when reviewing imaging tests that lets us reach an accurate diagnosis containing all the necessary information for...
title: Magnetic resonance imaging evaluation of accessory hepatic vein in Budd-Chiari syndrome
Creators: name: Lu, Li
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Abdomen
subject: Veins / Vena cava
subject: MR-Angiography
subject: Digital radiography
subject: Angioplasty
subject: Obstruction / Occlusion

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Budd-Chiari syndrome (BCS) is the clinical picture caused by the obstructive diseases of hepatic vein (HV) and the segment of inferior vena cava (IVC) above HV’s upper opening, often accompanied with a symptom of an increased portal vein pressure...
title: Growth pattern of ground-glass opacity adenocarcinoma on long-term follow up CT
Creators: name: Shin, Soyoun
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Cancer
subject: Surgery
subject: Biopsy
subject: CT
subject: Thorax

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: CT is an effective method to diagnose malignant ground-glass opacity (GGO)nodules. However, long term management of detected GGO is still unclear. - Which factors predict GGO growth - What the most effective follow-up interval is - Which nodules...