cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Phenotype of p53 wild-type epitope-specific T cells in the circulation of patients with head and neck cancer
Creators: name: Albers, Andreas E.
name: Qian, Xu
name: Kaufmann, Andreas M.
name: Mytilineos, Daphne
name: Ferris, Robert L.
name: Hoffmann, Thomas K.
name: DeLeo, Albert B.
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: tet+ CD8+ T cells
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: CD8(+) cytotoxic T-cell (CTL) specific for non-mutated, wild type (wt) sequence p53 peptides derived from wt or mutant p53 molecules expressed in head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC) have been detected in the circulation of patients with this disease. The frequency and differentiation/maturation phenotypes of these anti-tumor specific CTL can reflect the host's immunologic response. Therefore, we investigated the frequency and phenotypes of wt sequence p53 peptide-specific CTL in patients with HNSCC (n = 33) by flow cytometric analysis using HLA-A*0201 tetrameric peptides (tet) complexed with the wt sequence p53(264-272) or p53(149-157) peptide and co-staining with phenotypic markers. One main finding was that increasing frequencies of tet(+) CD8(+) T cells in patients' circulation correlated with increased frequencies of inactive naive tet(+) cells, while those with effector memory and terminally differentiated phenotypes, which are associated with positive anti-tumor immune responses, decreased. We also found that the frequency of circulating tet(+) CD8(+) T cells negatively correlated with p53 expression in tumor tissues and tumor stage. Our findings support further clinical-based investigations to define the frequencies and phenotypes of wt sequence p53 peptide-specific CD8(+) T cells to predict disease severity, enhance selection of patients for inclusion in vaccination trials and highlight prerequisites to enhance immune susceptibility by activation of inactive naive tet+ T cells and/or enhancing circulating effector T cell activity by checkpoint blockage.
Multi-Stage Preconditioners for Thermal-Compositional-Reactive Flow in Porous Media
Creators: name: Cremon, Matthias A.
name: Castelletto, Nicola
name: White, Joshua A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We present a family of multi-stage preconditioners for coupled thermal-compositional-reactive reservoir simulation problems. The most common preconditioner used in industrial practice, the Constrained Pressure Residual (CPR) method, was designed for isothermal models and does not offer a specific strategy for the energy equation. For thermal simulations, inadequate treatment of the temperature unknown can cause severe convergence degradation. When strong thermal diffusion is present, the energy equation exhibits significant elliptic behavior that cannot be accurately corrected by CPR's second stage. In this work, we use Schur-complement decompositions to extract a temperature subsystem and apply an Algebraic MultiGrid (AMG) approximation as an additional preconditioning stage to improve the treatment of the energy equation. We present results for several two-dimensional hot air injection problems using an extra heavy oil, including challenging reactive In-Situ Combustion (ISC) cases. We show improved performance and robustness across different thermal regimes, from advection dominated (high Peclet number) to diffusion dominated (low Peclet number). The number of linear iterations is reduced by 40-85% compared to standard CPR for both homogeneous and heterogeneous media, and the new methods exhibit almost no sensitivity to the thermal regime.
Are simultaneous Bell measurements possible?
Creators: name: Svozil, Karl
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: All experimental tests of Bell-type inequalities and Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger setups rely on the separate and successive measurement of the terms involved. We discuss possibilities of experimental setups to measure all relevant terms simultaneously in a single experiment and find this to be impossible. One reason is the lack of multi-partite states which are unique in the sense that a measurement of some observable on one particle fixes the value of the corresponding observables of the other particles as well.
description: several changes and corrections
Additional file 1 of Association between the social isolation and depressive symptoms after the great East Japan earthquake: findings from the baseline survey of the TMM CommCohort study
Creators: name: Kotozaki, Yuka
name: Tanno, Kozo
name: Sakata, Kiyomi
name: Takusari, Eri
name: Otsuka, Kotaro
name: Tomita, Hiroaki
name: Sasaki, Ryohei
name: Takanashi, Nobuyuki
name: Mikami, Takahiro
name: Hozawa, Atsushi
name: Nakaya, Naoki
name: Tsuchiya, Naho
name: Nakamura, Tomohiro
name: Narita, Akira
name: Taki, Yasuyuki
name: Shimizu, Atsushi
name: Hitomi, Jiro
name: Satoh, Mamoru
name: Sasaki, Makoto
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1: Supplemental Table 1. Comparison of sociodemographics between participants and nonparticipants. Supplemental Table 2. Proportion of depressive symptoms by survey year and area between Iwate and Miyagi prefectures. Supplemental Table 3. Proportion of depressive symptoms monthly and by season. Supplemental Table 4. Adjusted ORs (95% CI) of depressive symptoms according to social isolation by survey year. Supplemental Table 5. Adjusted ORs (95% CI) of depressive symptoms according to social isolation by age group. Supplemental Table 6. Adjusted ORs (95% CI) of depressive symptoms according to house damage, death of family members, and social isolation by sex by analyzing multiply imputed datasets. Supplemental Table 7. Adjusted ORs (95% CI) of depressive symptoms according to social isolation by survey year by analyzing multiply imputed datasets. Supplemental Table 8. Adjusted ORs (95% CI) of depressive symptoms according to social isolation by age group by analyzing multiply imputed datasets. Supplemental Table 9. Adjusted ORs (95% CI) of depressive symptoms according to the severity of house damage and social isolation by analyzing multiply imputed datasets. Supplemental Table 10. Adjusted ORs (95% CI) of depressive symptoms according to death of family members due to the GEJE and social isolation by analyzing multiply imputed datasets.
Induced Fermionic vacuum polarization in dS spacetime with a compactified cosmic string
Creators: name: Bragança, E. A. F.
name: de Mello, E. R. Bezerra
name: Mohammadi, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the fermionic condensate (FC) and the vacuum expectation value (VEV) of the energy-momentum tensor for a massive spinor field in the de Sitter (dS) spacetime including an ideal cosmic string. In addition, spatial dimension along the string is compactified to a circle of length $L$. The fermionic field is assumed to obey quasi-periodic condition along the $z$-axis. There are also magnetic fluxes running along the cosmic string and enclosed by the compact dimension. Both, the FC and the VEV of the energy-momentum tensor, are decomposed into two parts: one induced by the cosmic string in dS spacetime considering the absence of the compactification, and another one induced by the compactification. In particular, we show that the FC vanishes for a massless fermionic field.
description: 27 pages, 4 figures, accepted for publication in PRD
The effect of blood sampling and preanalytical processing on human N-glycome
Creators: name: Dědová, Tereza
name: Grunow, Detlef
name: Kappert, Kai
name: Flach, Dagmar
name: Tauber, Rudolf
name: Blanchard, Véronique
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: glycans
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Glycome modulations have been described in the onset and progression of many diseases. Thus, many studies have proposed glycans from blood glycoproteins as disease markers. Astonishingly, little effort has been given unraveling preanalytical conditions potentially influencing glycan analysis prior to blood biomarker studies. In this work, we evaluate for the first time the effect of hemolysis, storage and blood collection, but also influence of various times and temperatures between individual processing steps on the total N-glycome and on a glycan-biomarker score. Venous blood was collected from 10 healthy donors in 11 blood collection tubes with different additives, processed variously to obtain 16 preanalytical variables and N-glycans released from serum or plasma were analyzed by MALDI-TOF-MS and capillary electrophoresis coupled with fluorescence detection (CE-LIF) for the first time. Long time storage of deep frozen samples at -20°C or -80°C exerted only a minor influence on the glycome as demonstrated by CE-LIF. The N-glycome was very stable evidenced by MALDI-TOF when stored at 4°C for at least 48 hours and blood collected in tubes devoid of additives. The glycome was stable upon storage after centrifugation and aliquoting, which is an important information considering future diagnostic applications. Hemolysis, however, negatively correlated with an established glycan score for ovarian cancer, when evaluated by MALDI-TOF-MS measurement by affecting relative intensities of certain glycans, which could lead to false negative / positive results in glycan biomarker studies.
ME'ROJ VOQEASINING OYATI KARIMALARDA BAYON ETILISHI
Creators: name: Rasulov, Boboravshan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: Ushbu maqolada gʻazal mulkining sultoni Alisher Navoiy hazratlarining komil inson tarbiyasidagi qarashlari, “Xamsa” dostonlari muqaddimasidagi naʼtlar, Me’roj va Isro voqealarining Alisher Navoiy “Xamsa”sidagi talqinlariga e’tibor qaratiladi. Jumladan, Meʼroj kechasi taʼrifi Qurʼoni karim oyatlari, hadisi shariflar hamda tarixiy voqealar vositasida bayon etiladi va mumtoz adabiyotdagi oʻrni alohida urgʻu qaratilgan.
On the Multiboson Coherent State in Deformed Boson Scheme
Creators: name: Kuriyama, A.
name: Providencia, C.
name: da Providencia, J.
name: Tsue, Y.
name: Yamamura, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The treatment for the multiboson coherent state is extended for the completeness of the formulation. The basic idea for the extension is presented in terms of expanding the boson space. The MYT boson mapping plays a central role. The resultant multiboson coherent state includes the state obtained in our previous treatment and the form suggests various multiboson coherent states are possible in the deformed boson scheme.
description: 8 pages, no figure, using PTPTeX style
Human mast cell tryptase is a potential treatment for snakebite envenoming across multiple snake species
Creators: name: Anderson, Elizabeth
name: Stavenhagen, Kathrin
name: Kolarich, Daniel
name: Sommerhoff, Christian P.
name: Maurer, Marcus
name: Metz, Martin
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: mast cell
subject: venom
subject: proteases
subject: snakes
subject: antivenom
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Snake envenoming is a serious and neglected public health crisis that is responsible for as many as 125,000 deaths per year, which is one of the reasons the World Health Organization has recently reinstated snakebite envenoming to its list of category A neglected tropical diseases. Here, we investigated the ability of human mast cell proteases to detoxify six venoms from a spectrum of phylogenetically distinct snakes. To this end, we developed a zebrafish model to assess effects on the toxicity of the venoms and characterized the degradation of venom proteins by mass spectrometry. All snake venoms tested were detoxified by degradation of various venom proteins by the mast cell protease tryptase beta, and not by other proteases. Our data show that recombinant human tryptase beta degrades and detoxifies a phylogenetically wide range of venoms, indicating that recombinant human tryptase could possibly be developed as a universal antidote to venomous snakebites.
Epidemiology and morbidity of hookworm-related cutaneous larva migrans (HrCLM): Results of a cohort study over a period of six months in a resource-poor community in Manaus, Brazil
Creators: name: Reichert, Felix
name: Pilger, Daniel
name: Schuster, Angela
name: Lesshafft, Hannah
name: Guedes De Oliveira, Silas
name: Ignatius, Ralf
name: Feldmeier, Hermann
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: tropics
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Background: Hookworm-related cutaneous larva migrans ( HrCLM) is a neglected parasitic skin disease, widespread in resource-poor communities in tropical and subtropical countries. Incidence and risk factors have never been investigated in a cohort study. Methodology/Principal findings: To understand the seasonal epidemiology of HrCLM, an open cohort of 476 children in a resource-poor community in Manaus, Brazil was examined for HrCLM monthly over a period of 6 months. Monthly prevalence and intensity of infection were correlated with the amount of monthly precipitation. Multivariable Cox regression analysis indicated male sex (hazard ratio [HR] 3.29; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.95-5.56), walking barefoot on sandy ground (HR 2.30; 95% CI 1.03-5.16), poverty (HR 2.13; 95% CI 1.09-4.17) and age between 10 and 14 years (HR 1.87; 95% CI 1.01-3.46) as predictors of HrCLM. Monthly incidence rates ranged between 0.21 and 1.05 cases per person-year with an overall incidence of 0.52 per person-year. Conclusions/Significance: HrCLM is a frequent parasitic skin disease in this resource-poor community. Every second child theoretically becomes infected during one year. Boys, 10 to 14 years old, belonging to the poorest households of the community, are the most vulnerable population group. Even in the tropical monsoonal climate of Amazonia there is a considerable seasonal variation with monthly incidence and number of lesions peaking in the rainy season.
Uncertainty and Sensitivity Analyses Methods for Agent-Based Mathematical Models: An Introductory Review
Creators: name: Hamis, Sara
name: Stratiev, Stanislav
name: Powathil, Gibin G
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Multiscale, agent-based mathematical models of biological systems are often associated with model uncertainty and sensitivity to parameter perturbations. Here, three uncertainty and sensitivity analyses methods, that are suitable to use when working with agent-based models, are discussed. These methods are namely Consistency Analysis, Robustness Analysis and Latin Hypercube Analysis. This introductory review discusses origins, conventions, implementation and result interpretation of the aforementioned methods. Information on how to implement the discussed methods in MATLAB is included.
description: 41 pages
Spontaneous emission of an atom in front of a mirror
Creators: name: Beige, Almut
name: Pachos, Jiannis
name: Walther, Herbert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Motivated by a recent experiment [J. Eschner {\it et al.}, Nature {\bf 413}, 495 (2001)], we now present a theoretical study on the fluorescence of an atom in front of a mirror. On the assumption that the presence of the distant mirror and a lens imposes boundary conditions on the electric field in a plane close to the atom, we derive the intensities of the emitted light as a function of an effective atom-mirror distance. The results obtained are in good agreement with the experimental findings.
description: 8 pages, 6 figures, revised version, references added
Ledrinae Fairmaire 1855
Creators: name: Jones, Joshua R.
name: Deitz, Lewis L.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2009
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Cicadellidae

description: Key to the tribes of Ledrinae   1a. Mesothoracic tibia row II with triangular patch of scalelike setae apically (Pl. 12A–C); forewing with at least some extra cross veins; Old World species (except Hespenedrini: Hespenedra)................................................................... 2
1b. Mesothoracic tibia row II without triangular patch of scalelike setae apically; forewing without extra crossveins; Old and New World species................................................................................................................................................. 3
2a. Face concave, or if convex, then plantar surface of metathoracic tarsomere I with short or long setae, but none of them fingerlike or white; Old World species..................................................................................................... Ledrini
2b. Face flattened but not concave, metathoracic tarsomere I ventral surface with uniform covering of short fingerlike white setae (Pl. 13K); New World species................................................................... Hespenedrini Jones (new tribe)
3a. Crown with longitudinally costate texture (Pl. 7B_1); anal tube of males broad, conelike (Pl. 15E–F); species from southern Africa................................................................................................................ Afrorubrini Jones (new tribe)
3b. Crown with acinose/colliculate texture (Pl. 7A_1); Australian or New World species............................................... 4
 4a. Frontoclypeus strongly convex and visible in lateral view (Pl. 8E_1), punctate, crown short and lamellate only near eyes, forewing with broad appendix (except Xedreota); New World species.......................................... Xerophloeini
4b. Frontoclypeus not strongly convex or punctate, crown long and lamellate, more or less convex, forewing appendix absent or vestigial; Australian species................................................................................. Rubrini Jones (new tribe)
description: Published as part of Jones, Joshua R. & Deitz, Lewis L., 2009, Phylogeny and systematics of the leafhopper subfamily Ledrinae (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) 2186, pp. 1-120 in Zootaxa 2186 (1) on page 26, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2186.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5311592
One-dimensional continuum and exciton states in quantum wires
Creators: name: Akiyama, Hidefumi
name: Pfeiffer, Loren N.
name: Yoshita, Masahiro
name: Pinczuk, Aron
name: West, Ken W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: High-quality T-shaped quantum wires are fabricated by cleaved-edge overgrowth with the molecular beam epitaxy on the interface improved by a growth-interrupt high-temperature anneal. Characterization by micro-photoluminescence (PL) and PL excitation (PLE) spectroscopy at 5 K reveals high uniformity, a sharp spectral width, and a small Stokes shift of one-dimensional (1-D) excitons. The PLE spectrum for 1-D states shows a large peak of ground-state excitons and a small absorption band ascribed to 1-D continuum states with an onset at 11 meV above the exciton peak.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures, RevTeX
Two Contrastive Boson-Pair Coherent States in Deformed Boson Scheme
Creators: name: Kuriyama, A.
name: Providencia, C.
name: da Providencia, J.
name: Tsue, Y.
name: Yamamura, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Two types of boson-pair coherent states, which were proposed independently by the present authors, are investigated. Main conclusion is as follows : Although the two states are superposed contrastively in terms of the boson-pairs, the expectation values of the boson-pair operators for these states are the same as one another with high accuracy.
description: 8 pages, no figure, using PTPTeX style
The potential role for cognitive training in sport: More research needed
Creators: name: Walton, Courtney C.
name: Keegan, Richard J.
name: Martin, Mike
name: Hallock, Harry
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: cognitive training
subject: performance enhancement
subject: cognition
subject: athletes
subject: sport
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Sports performance at the highest level requires a wealth of cognitive functions such as attention, decision making, and working memory to be functioning at optimal levels in stressful and demanding environments. Whilst a substantial research base exists focusing on psychological skills for performance (e.g., imagery) or therapeutic techniques for emotion regulation (e.g., cognitive behavioral therapy), there is a scarcity of research examining whether the enhancement of core cognitive abilities leads to improved performance in sport. Cognitive training is a highly researched method of enhancing cognitive skills through repetitive and targeted exercises. In this article, we outline the potential use of cognitive training (CT) in athlete populations with a view to supporting athletic performance. We propose how such an intervention could be used in the future, drawing on evidence from other fields where this technique is more fruitfully researched, and provide recommendations for both researchers and practitioners working in the field.
Gyrokinetic full-f particle-in-cell simulations on open field lines with PICLS
Creators: name: Boesl, Mathias Helmut
name: Bergmann, Andreas
name: Bottino, Alberto
name: Coster, David
name: Lanti, Emmanuel
name: Ohana, Noe
name: Jenko, Frank
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: While in recent years, gyrokinetic simulations have become the workhorse for theoretical turbulence and transport studies in the plasma core, their application to the edge and scrape-off layer (SOL) region presents significant challenges. In particular, steep density and temperature gradients as well as large fluctuation amplitudes call for a "full-f" treatment. To specifically study problems in the SOL region, the gyrokinetic particle-in-cell (PIC) code PICLS has been developed. The code is based on an electrostatic full-f model with linearised field equations and uses kinetic electrons. Here, the well-studied parallel transport problem during an edge-localized mode (ELM) in the SOL shall be investigated for one spatial dimension. The results are compared to previous gyrokinetic continuum and fully kinetic PIC simulations and show good agreement.
description: 31 pages (including references), 6 figures, 1 table
Additional file 1 of Epithelial apical glycosylation changes associated with thin endometrium in women with infertility - a pilot observational study
Creators: name: Ziganshina, Marina M.
name: Dolgushina, Nataliya V.
name: Kulikova, Galina V.
name: Fayzullina, Nafisa M.
name: Yarotskaya, Ekaterina L.
name: Khasbiullina, Nailia R.
name: Abdurakhmanova, Nigora F.
name: Asaturova, Aleksandra V.
name: Shchegolev, Alexander I.
name: Dovgan, Alina A.
name: Sukhikh, Gennady T.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: Physiology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. The list of glycans. This Table represents all glycans (oligo- and polysaccharides) printed on microarrays used in this work.
Rough isometry between Gromov hyperbolic spaces and uniformization
Creators: name: Lindquist, Jeff
name: Shanmugalingam, Nageswari
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Metric Geometry (math.MG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 30L99

description: In this note we show that given two complete geodesic Gromov hyperbolic spaces that are roughly isometric and $\varepsilon>0$, either the uniformization of both spaces with parameter $\varepsilon$ results in uniform domains, or else neither uniformized space is a uniform domain. The terminology of "uniformization" is from the work of Bonk, Heinonen and Koskela, where it is shown that the uniformization, with parameter $\varepsilon>0$, of a complete geodesic Gromov hyperbolic space results in a uniform domain provided $\varepsilon$ is small enough.
description: 17 pages
Afrorubrini Jones 2009
Creators: name: Jones, Joshua R.
name: Deitz, Lewis L.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2009
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Cicadellidae

description: Key to the genera of Afrorubrini   1a. Ocelli present; posterior margin of crown curving anterad medially; body yellow or green or both in dried specimens, color often arranged in longitudinal stripes on the crown and pronotum (Pl. 4C) ..................... Afrorubria
 1b. Ocelli absent or very reduced and difficult to see; posterior margin of crown subtrapezoidal; body yellowish brown in dried specimens (Pl. 4D) ............................................................................................................................... Sichaea
description: Published as part of Jones, Joshua R. & Deitz, Lewis L., 2009, Phylogeny and systematics of the leafhopper subfamily Ledrinae (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) 2186, pp. 1-120 in Zootaxa 2186 (1) on page 27, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2186.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5311592
The role of ghrelin in anorexia nervosa
Creators: name: Schalla, Martha A.
name: Stengel, Andreas
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: animal model
subject: body weight
subject: brain-gut axis
subject: drug
subject: eating disorder
subject: food intake
subject: gut-brain axis
subject: hormone
subject: hunger
subject: metabolism
subject: psychosomatic
subject: satiety
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Ghrelin, a 28-amino acid peptide hormone expressed in X/A-like endocrine cells of the stomach, is the only known peripherally produced and centrally acting peptide that stimulates food intake and therefore attracted a lot of attention with one major focus on the treatment of conditions where an increased energy intake or body weight gain is desired. Anorexia nervosa is an eating disorder characterized by a pronounced reduction of body weight, a disturbed body image and hormonal alterations. Ghrelin signaling has been thoroughly investigated under conditions of anorexia nervosa. The present review will highlight these alterations of ghrelin in anorexia and discuss possible treatment strategies targeting ghrelin signaling. Lastly, gaps in knowledge will be mentioned to foster future research.
Diagnostic accuracy of inflammatory back pain for axial spondyloarthritis in rheumatological care
Creators: name: Poddubnyy, Denis
name: Callhoff, Johanna
name: Spiller, Inge
name: Listing, Joachim
name: Braun, Juergen
name: Sieber, Joachim
name: Rudwaleit, Martin
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: ankylosing spondylitis
subject: epidemiology
subject: spondyloarthritis
subject: low back pain
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Objective: Inflammatory back pain (IBP), the key symptom of axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA), including ankylosing spondylitis, has been proposed as a screening test for patients presenting with chronic back pain in primary care. The diagnostic accuracy of IBP in the rheumatology setting is unknown. Methods: Six rheumatology centres, representing secondary and tertiary rheumatology care, included routinely referred patients with consecutive chronic back pain with suspicion of axSpA. IBP (diagnostic test) was assessed in each centre by an independent (blinded) rheumatologist; a second (unblinded) rheumatologist made the diagnosis (axSpA or no-axSpA), which served as reference standard. Results: Of 461 routinely referred patients, 403 received a final diagnosis. IBP was present in 67.3%, and 44.6% (180/403) were diagnosed as axSpA. The sensitivity of IBP according to various definitions (global judgement, Calin, Berlin, Assessment of SpondyloArthritis international Society criteria for IBP) was 74.4%-81.1 % and comparable to published figures, whereas the specificity was unexpectedly low (25.1%-43.9%). The resulting positive likelihood ratios (LR+) were 1.1-1.4 and without major differences between sets of IBP criteria. The presence of IBP according to various definitions increased the probability of axSpA by 2.5%-8.4% only (from 44.6% to 47.1%-53.0%). Conclusions: The diagnostic utility of IBP in the rheumatology setting was smaller than expected. However, this was counterbalanced by a high prevalence of IBP among referred patients, demonstrating the effective usage of IBP in primary care as selection parameter for referral to rheumatology. Notably, this study illustrates potential shifts in specificity and LR+ of diagnostic tests if these tests are used to select patients for referral.
Appendix for Norms of prejudice: political identity and polarization
Creators: name: Amalia, Álvarez-Benjumea
name: Winter, Fabian
name: Zhang, Nan
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 310901
subject: Animal behaviour

description: The USA is fast becoming a ‘majority–minority’ country in which whites will no longer comprise the numerically dominant racial group. Prior studies have linked whites’ status decline to heightened in-group solidarity and the feeling that whites, as a group, face growing discrimination. In the light of these findings, we examine the extent to which a social norm controlling anti-white prejudice is now discernible in the USA. Drawing from an original survey measuring Americans’ reactions to racially-offensive speech, we examine second-order beliefs about the social inappropriateness of offensive statements targeting white Americans. We find that white Americans (in comparison to non-whites) are indeed more likely to profess a social norm governing anti-white prejudice. The pattern is most discernible among white Republicans whom we expect to be most fearful of demographic change.This article is part of the theme issue ‘Social norm change: from evolution to policy intervention’.
The $γ^* \lowercase{p}$ total cross section at low x
Creators: name: Schildknecht, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The scaling in $σ_{γ^*p}(W^2, Q^2)$ cross sections (for $Q^2/W^2 << 1$) in terms of the scaling variable $η= (Q^2 + m^2_0)/Λ^2 (W^2)$ is interpreted in the generalized vector dominance/color-dipole picture (GVD/CDP). The quantity $Λ^2 (W^2)$ is identified as the average gluon transverse momentum absorbed by the $q \bar q$ state, $ = (1/6) Λ^2 (W^2)$. At any $Q^2$, for $W^2 \to \infty$, the cross sections for virtual and real photons become universal,$σ_{γ^*p}(W^2,Q^2)/ σ_{γp} (W^2) \to 1$. The gluon density corresponding to the color-dipole cross section in the appropriate limit is found to be consistent with the results from QCD fits.
description: 8 pages, Latex using psfig, 5 figures Invited Talk presented at the XXXVth Internat. School of Theoretical Physics, Ustron, Poland, Sept. 10-16, 2001 and at the Internat. Conf. "New Trends in High-Energy Physics", Yalta, Crimea, Ukraine, Sept. 22-29, 2001
Different composition of intraocular immune mediators in Posner-Schlossman-Syndrome and Fuchs' Uveitis
Creators: name: Pohlmann, Dominika
name: Schlickeiser, Stephan
name: Metzner, Sylvia
name: Lenglinger, Matthias
name: Winterhalter, Sibylle
name: Pleyer, Uwe
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: viral intraocular inflammation
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Posner-Schlossman-Syndrome (PSS) is clinically characterized by acute, recurrent, mild, unilateral uveitis anterior accompanied by elevated intraocular pressure (IOP). Fuchs' Uveitis (FU) is a chronic, low-grade-inflammatory disorder, involving anterior uvea and vitreous. The clinical findings show remarkable similarities as well as differences. In our study, we determine the composition of immune mediators in aqueous humor of patients with PSS and FU and evaluate if immune mediators play a crucial role in specific viral intraocular inflammation and IOP rises. Aqueous humor samples from 81 uveitis patients (=eyes) presenting with either PSS or FU were collected at one time point. Local intraocular antibody synthesis to rubella virus was confirmed in 65 patients, whereas 16 were tested positively for human cytomegalovirus. Thirteen patients with PSS and 10 patients with FU were treated with glaucoma medications. Additionally, 11 cataract patients acted as control group. Immune mediator concentrations were measured by Bio-Plex Pro assay. We observed in both PSS (IFN-gamma: 174.9 pg/mL; TNF-alpha: 25.1 pg/mL) and FU (IFN-gamma: 25.4 pg/mL; TNF-alpha: 27.2 pg/mL) groups a significantly increased level of T-helper 1 immune mediators compared to controls (IFN-gamma, TNF-alpha: 0 pg/mL) [median]. Notably, PSS patients (IL-1RA: 73.4 pg/mL; IL-8: 199.4 pg/mL; IL-10: 33.4 pg/mL; IP-10: 126350 pg/mL) showed a stronger and more active ocular inflammatory response, than FU patients (IL-1RA: 4.3 pg/mL; IL-8: 72.4 pg/mL; IL-10: 1.6 pg/mL; IP-10: 57400 pg/mL). Furthermore, a negative correlation between mediators and IOP was seen in the PSS group, potentially caused by acetazolamide- treatment. Our findings show that immune mediators play a crucial role in specific viral intraocular inflammation and influence IOP levels. Remarkable similarities but also significant differences of immune mediator concentrations are apparent in PSS compared to FU. High concentrations of IL-1RA, IL-8, IL-10, and IP-10 correlate with active inflammation in PSS, while FU may trigger chronic inflammation. Our data also substantiated a very similar composition of cytokines in those patients from the PSS group suffering from ocular hypertension and thus offers a potential explanation model for a negative correlation between mediators and IOP.
AION: An Atom Interferometer Observatory and Network
Creators: name: Badurina, L.
name: Bentine, E.
name: Blas, D.
name: Bongs, K.
name: Bortoletto, D.
name: Bowcock, T.
name: Bridges, K.
name: Bowden, W.
name: Buchmueller, O.
name: Burrage, C.
name: Coleman, J.
name: Elertas, G.
name: Ellis, J.
name: Foot, C.
name: Gibson, V.
name: Haehnelt, M. G.
name: Harte, T.
name: Hedges, S.
name: Hobson, R.
name: Holynski, M.
name: Jones, T.
name: Langlois, M.
name: Lellouch, S.
name: Lewicki, M.
name: Maiolino, R.
name: Majewski, P.
name: Malik, S.
name: March-Russell, J.
name: McCabe, C.
name: Newbold, D.
name: Sauer, B.
name: Schneider, U.
name: Shipsey, I.
name: Singh, Y.
name: Uchida, M. A.
name: Valenzuela, T.
name: van der Grinten, M.
name: Vaskonen, V.
name: Vossebeld, J.
name: Weatherill, D.
name: Wilmut, I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We outline the experimental concept and key scientific capabilities of AION (Atom Interferometer Observatory and Network), a proposed UK-based experimental programme using cold strontium atoms to search for ultra-light dark matter, to explore gravitational waves in the mid-frequency range between the peak sensitivities of the LISA and LIGO/Virgo/ KAGRA/INDIGO/Einstein Telescope/Cosmic Explorer experiments, and to probe other frontiers in fundamental physics. AION would complement other planned searches for dark matter, as well as probe mergers involving intermediate mass black holes and explore early universe cosmology. AION would share many technical features with the MAGIS experimental programme in the US, and synergies would flow from operating AION in a network with this experiment, as well as with other atom interferometer experiments such as MIGA, ZAIGA and ELGAR. Operating AION in a network with other gravitational wave detectors such as LIGO, Virgo and LISA would also offer many synergies.
description: v3: Update to match published version in JCAP
DNA methylation and expression of proopiomelanocortin (POMC) gene in the hypothalamus of three-week-old chickens show sex-specific differences
Creators: name: Rancourt, Rebecca C.
name: Schellong, Karen
name: Tzschentke, Barbara
name: Henrich, Wolfgang
name: Plagemann, Andreas
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: chicken
subject: DNA methylation
subject: epigenetics
subject: hypothalamus
subject: proopiomelanocortin
subject: sex specific
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Increased availability and improved sequence annotation of the chicken (Gallus gallus f. domestica) genome have sparked interest in the bird as a model system to investigate translational embryonic development and health/disease outcomes. However, the epigenetics of this bird genome remain unclear. The aim of this study was to determine the levels of gene expression and DNA methylation at the proopiomelanocortin (POMC) gene in the hypothalamus of 3-week-old chickens. POMC is a key player in the control of the stress response, food intake, and metabolism. DNA methylation of the promoter, CpG island, and gene body regions of POMC were measured. Our data illustrate the pattern, variability, and functionality of DNA methylation for POMC expression in the chicken. Our findings show correlation of methylation pattern and gene expression along with sex-specific differences in POMC. Overall, these novel data highlight the promising potential of the chicken as a model and also the need for breeders and researchers to consider sex ratios in their studies.
Comment on "Quantum optimization for combinatorial searches"
Creators: name: Zalka, Christof
name: Brun, Todd A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This is a comment on a recent publication claiming to have found a ``quantum optimization'' algorithm which outperforms known algorithms for minimizing some ``cost function''. Unfortunately, this algorithm is no better than choosing a state at random and checking whether it has low cost.
description: Final version. Minor changes. Appeared in New Journal of Physics
Additional file 1 of Influences on physical activity and screen time amongst postpartum women with heightened depressive symptoms: a qualitative study
Creators: name: Apostolopoulos, Maria
name: Hnatiuk, Jill A.
name: Jaimie-Lee Maple
name: Olander, Ellinor K.
name: Brennan, Leah
name: Van Der Pligt, Paige
name: Teychenne, Megan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Science Policy
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1:
IRE1B degrades RNAs encoding proteins that interfere with the induction of autophagy by ER stress in Arabidopsis thaliana
Creators: name: Bao, Yan
name: Pu, Yunting
name: Yu, Xiang
name: Gregory, Brian D.
name: Srivastava, Renu
name: Howell, Stephen H.
name: Bassham, Diane C.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: Macroautophagy/autophagy is a conserved process in eukaryotes that contributes to cell survival in response to stress. Previously, we found that endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress induces autophagy in plants via a pathway dependent upon AT5G24360/IRE1B (INOSITOL REQUIRING 1–1), an ER membrane-anchored factor involved in the splicing of AT1G42990/BZIP60 (basic leucine zipper protein 60) mRNA. IRE1B is a dual protein kinase and ribonuclease, and here we determined the involvement of the protein kinase catalytic domain, nucleotide binding and RNase domains of IRE1B in activating autophagy. We found that the nucleotide binding and RNase activity of IRE1B, but not its protein kinase activity or splicing target BZIP60, are required for ER stress-mediated autophagy. Upon ER stress, the RNase activity of IRE1B engages in regulated IRE1-dependent decay of messenger RNA (RIDD), in which mRNAs of secreted proteins are degraded by IRE1 upon ER stress. Twelve genes most highly targeted by RIDD were tested for their role in inhibiting ER stress-induced autophagy, and 3 of their encoded proteins, AT1G66270/BGLU21 (β-glucosidase 21), AT2G16005/ROSY1/ML (MD2-related lipid recognition protein) and AT5G01870/PR-14 (pathogenesis-related protein 14), were found to inhibit autophagy upon overexpression. From these findings, IRE1B is posited to be a ‘licensing factor’ linking ER stress to autophagy by degrading the RNA transcripts of factors that interfere with the induction of autophagy. Abbreviations: ACT2: actin 2; ATG: autophagy-related; BGLU21: β-glucosidase 21; BIP3: binding protein 3; BZIP: basic leucine zipper; DAPI: 4ʹ, 6-diamidino-2-phenylindole; DTT: dithiothreitol; ER: endoplasmic reticulum; ERN1: endoplasmic reticulum to nucleus signaling 1; IRE1: inositol requiring 1; GFP: green fluorescent protein; MAP3K5/ASK1: mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 5; MAPK8/JNK1: mitogen-activated protein kinase 8/c-Jun N-terminal kinase 1; MDC: monodansylcadaverine; PR-14: pathogenesis-related protein 14; RIDD: Regulated IRE1-Dependent Decay of Messenger RNA; ROSY1/ML: interactor of synaptotagmin1/MD2-related lipid recognition protein; Tm: tunicamycin; UPR: unfolded protein response; WT: wild-type.
Observations of Electromagnetic Electron Holes and Evidence of Cherenkov Whistler Emission
Creators: name: Steinvall, Konrad
name: Khotyaintsev, Yuri V.
name: Graham, Daniel B.
name: Vaivads, Andris
name: Contel, Olivier Le
name: Russell, Christopher T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report observations of electromagnetic electron holes (EHs). We use multi-spacecraft analysis to quantify the magnetic field contributions of three mechanisms: the Lorentz transform, electron drift within the EH, and Cherenkov emission of whistler waves. The first two mechanisms account for the observed magnetic fields for slower EHs, while for EHs with speeds approaching half the electron Alfvén speed, whistler waves excited via the Cherenkov mechanism dominate the perpendicular magnetic field. The excited whistlers are kinetically damped and typically confined within the EHs.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures
Atomic spectra in a helium bubble
Creators: name: Nakatsukasa, Takashi
name: Yabana, Kazuhiro
name: Bertsch, George F
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Density functional theory (DFT) is applied to atomic spectra under perturbations of superfluid liquid helium. The atomic DFT of helium is used to obtain the distribution of helium atoms around the impurity atom, and the electronic DFT is applied to the excitations of the atom, averaging over the ensemble of helium configurations. The shift and broadening of the D1 and D2 absorption lines are quite well reproduced by theory, suggesting that the DFT may be useful for describing spectral perturbations in more complex environments.
description: 4 pages, 1 figures, Talk at the International symposium on "Clustering Aspects of Quantum Many-Body Systems" (POSTYK01), November 12-14, 2001, Kyoto, Japan
Opioid receptor signaling, analgesic and side effects induced by a computationally designed pH-dependent agonist
Creators: name: Spahn, Viola
name: DelVecchio, Giovanna
name: Rodriguez-Gaztelumendi, Antonio
name: Temp, Julia
name: Labuz, Dominika
name: Kloner, Michael
name: Reidelbach, Marco
name: Machelska, Halina
name: Weber, Marcus
name: Stein, Christoph
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: opioid receptor
subject: pH-dependent agonist
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Novel pain killers without adverse effects are urgently needed. Opioids induce central and intestinal side effects such as respiratory depression, sedation, addiction, and constipation. We have recently shown that a newly designed agonist with a reduced acid dissociation constant (pK(a)) abolished pain by selectively activating peripheral mu-opioid receptors (MOR) in inflamed (acidic) tissues without eliciting side effects. Here, we extended this concept in that pK(a) reduction to 7.22 was achieved by placing a fluorine atom at the ethylidene bridge in the parental molecule fentanyl. The new compound (FF3) showed pH-sensitive MOR affinity, [S-35]-GTP gamma S binding, and G protein dissociation by fluorescence resonance energy transfer. It produced injury-restricted analgesia in rat models of inflammatory, postoperative, abdominal, and neuropathic pain. At high dosages, FF3 induced sedation, motor disturbance, reward, constipation, and respiratory depression. These results support our hypothesis that a ligand's pK(a) should be close to the pH of injured tissue to obtain analgesia without side effects.