cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Knowing About Knowing: An Illusion of Human Competence Can Hinder Appropriate Reliance on AI Systems
Creators: name: He, Gaole
name: Kuiper, Lucie
name: Gadiraju, Ujwal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The dazzling promises of AI systems to augment humans in various tasks hinge on whether humans can appropriately rely on them. Recent research has shown that appropriate reliance is the key to achieving complementary team performance in AI-assisted decision making. This paper addresses an under-explored problem of whether the Dunning-Kruger Effect (DKE) among people can hinder their appropriate reliance on AI systems. DKE is a metacognitive bias due to which less-competent individuals overestimate their own skill and performance. Through an empirical study (N = 249), we explored the impact of DKE on human reliance on an AI system, and whether such effects can be mitigated using a tutorial intervention that reveals the fallibility of AI advice, and exploiting logic units-based explanations to improve user understanding of AI advice. We found that participants who overestimate their performance tend to exhibit under-reliance on AI systems, which hinders optimal team performance. Logic units-based explanations did not help users in either improving the calibration of their competence or facilitating appropriate reliance. While the tutorial intervention was highly effective in helping users calibrate their self-assessment and facilitating appropriate reliance among participants with overestimated self-assessment, we found that it can potentially hurt the appropriate reliance of participants with underestimated self-assessment. Our work has broad implications on the design of methods to tackle user cognitive biases while facilitating appropriate reliance on AI systems. Our findings advance the current understanding of the role of self-assessment in shaping trust and reliance in human-AI decision making. This lays out promising future directions for relevant HCI research in this community.
description: Conditionally accepted to CHI 2023
title:  Justice in the Contado: Rural Vendetta and Urban Authority in Bologna, 1600
Creators: name: Rose, Colin S.
Publisher: name: Roma TrE-Press
Year: 2015

description: A feud among petty factions in the mountains south of Bologna allows us to see the city’s powerful criminal court, the Tribunale del Torrone, expanding its criminal jurisdiction into the farthest reaches of the Papal State. Following a year of disorder and conflict, the Torrone has called the principal feuders to a peace conference in the city, but it is derailed when a young scion of the Ronchetti faction breaks the truce and murders his rival in the Tozzi clan. The multiple processi dealing with violence between these clans illuminates the complex social hierarchies that govern feuds and apply some limits to their violence. They are also representative of a long campaign by the papal governors to reduce the judicial privileges of the hereditary elite. In the resolution, or lack thereof, of this feud we see the complicated goals of early modern justice.
description: KRYPTON – VOL.5/6 – 2015 – VIOLENZA
Supplementary data of 40 lunar sampling sites
Creators: name: Bian, Chaofa
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Some relevant supplementary materials about the research of Chaofa Bian, including Excel with the coordinate positions of 40 lunar sampling sites and the reflectance averages of 26 band CE-1 IIM images and CF images within 2×2 pixels, as well as 27-band tif images of 40 lunar sampling sites.
Additional file 2 of Update on the utility of trabecular bone score (TBS) in clinical practice for the management of osteoporosis: a systematic review by the Egyptian Academy of Bone and Muscle Health
Creators: name: El Miedany, Yasser
name: Elwakil, Walaa
name: Abu-Zaid, Mohammed Hassan
name: Mahran, Safaa
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Ecology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: Hematology

description: Supplementary Material 2.
Bose-Einstein condensation: Twenty years after
Creators: name: Bagnato, V. S.
name: Frantzeskakis, D. J.
name: Kevrekidis, P. G.
name: Malomed, B. A.
name: Mihalache, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The aim of this introductory article is two-fold. First, we aim to offer a general introduction to the theme of Bose-Einstein condensates, and briefly discuss the evolution of a number of relevant research directions during the last two decades. Second, we introduce and present the articles that appear in this Special Volume of Romanian Reports in Physics celebrating the conclusion of the second decade since the experimental creation of Bose-Einstein condensation in ultracold gases of alkali-metal atoms.
description: Special Volume of Romanian Reports in Physics dedicated to Bose-Einstein condensation
title:  Vendetta in the Seventeenth-Century Midi
Creators: name: Carroll, Stuart
Publisher: name: Roma TrE-Press
Year: 2015

description: This paper discusses a previously unknown but potentially significant vendetta in the seventeenth-century French Midi. On 15 July 1674, François de Nogaret, vicomte de Trelans, was abducted by forty men from the parish church of La Bastide during mass; his killers subsequently murdered him. Within a month his killer, François de Sénégas, was himself killed in a revenge attack and his corpse burned. The story of the vendetta is important in itself, because the richness of the archival traces it left allows us to reconstruct the events in unparalleled detail. Four significant features emerge. First, the Sénégas were Protestants and the Trelans Catholics and their enmity can be traced back to the beginnings of the Wars of Religion. Second, the immediate cause of their dispute in the mid-seventeenth century was caused by clashes over seigneurial rights and royal taxation, and the evidence suggests that peasants played a major role in the drama. Third, litigation between the parties made the dispute worse and the judicial system failed to stop the violence escalating. Finally, the feud was brought to an end by a peace brokered by the intendant in 1678. This accord represents a rare archival discovery and accordingly I have published it as an appendix to the article. It demonstrates William Beik’s contention that the purview and activities of the intendants changed during the personal reign of Louis XIV, and as a consequence they became more effective agents of social control.
description: KRYPTON – VOL.5/6 – 2015 – VIOLENZA
Long term intrinsic cycling in human life course antibody responses to influenza A(H3N2): an observational and modeling study
Creators: name: Jiang, C.Q.
name: Kwok, K.O.
name: Guan, Y.
name: Cummings, D.A.
name: Zhu, H.
name: Yang, B.
name: Shen, R.
name: Lessler, J.
name: Hay, J.A.
name: García-Carreras, B.
name: Riley, S.
name: Read, J.M.
name: Metcalf, C.J.E.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2022

description: Background: Over a life course, human adaptive immunity to antigenically mutable pathogens exhibits competitive and facilitative interactions. We hypothesize that such interactions may lead to cyclic dynamics in immune responses over a lifetime. Methods: To investigate the cyclic behavior, we analyzed hemagglutination inhibition titers against 21 historical influenza A(H3N2) strains spanning 47 years from a cohort in Guangzhou, China, and applied Fourier spectrum analysis. To investigate possible biological mechanisms, we simulated individual antibody profiles encompassing known feedbacks and interactions due to generally recognized immunological mechanisms. Results: We demonstrated a long-term periodicity (about 24 years) in individual antibody responses. The reported cycles were robust to analytic and sampling approaches. Simulations suggested that individual-level cross-reaction between antigenically similar strains likely explains the reported cycle. We showed that the reported cycles are predictable at both individual and birth cohort level and that cohorts show a diversity of phases of these cycles. Phase of cycle was associated with the risk of seroconversion to circulating strains, after accounting for age and pre-existing titers of the circulating strains. Conclusions: Our findings reveal the existence of long-term periodicities in individual antibody responses to A(H3N2). We hypothesize that these cycles are driven by preexisting antibody responses blunting responses to antigenically similar pathogens (by preventing infection and/or robust antibody responses upon infection), leading to reductions in antigen-specific responses over time until individual's increasing risk leads to an infection with an antigenically distant enough virus to generate a robust immune response. These findings could help disentangle cohort effects from individual-level exposure histories, improve our understanding of observed heterogeneous antibody responses to immunizations, and inform targeted vaccine strategy.
Additional file 1: of Evaluation of public awareness, knowledge and attitudes towards basic life support: a cross-sectional study
Creators: name: Jarrah, Samiha
name: Judeh, Mahfuz
name: Mohannad AbuRuz
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy

description: Questionnaire. Description of data: Data collection instrument in Arabic and English. (DOCX 30 kb)
Microbial diversity gradients in the geothermal mud volcano underlying the hypersaline Urania Basin
Creators: name: Heuer, Verena B.
name: Hinrichs, Kai-Uwe
name: Elvert, Marcus
name: Schmidt, Frauke
name: Lazar, Cassandre Sara
name: Teske, Andreas P.
Publisher: name: Frontiers Media S.A.
Year: 2022

description: Mud volcanoes transport deep fluidized sediment and their microbial communities and thus provide a window into the deep biosphere. However, mud volcanoes are commonly sampled at the surface and not probed at greater depths, with the consequence that their internal geochemistry and microbiology remain hidden from view. Urania Basin, a hypersaline seafloor basin in the Mediterranean, harbors a mud volcano that erupts fluidized mud into the brine. The vertical mud pipe was amenable to shipboard Niskin bottle and multicorer sampling and provided an opportunity to investigate the downward sequence of bacterial and archaeal communities of the Urania Basin brine, fluid mud layers and consolidated subsurface sediments using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. These microbial communities show characteristic, habitat-related trends as they change throughout the sample series, from extremely halophilic bacteria (KB1) and archaea (Halodesulfoarchaeum spp.) in the brine, toward moderately halophilic and thermophilic endospore-forming bacteria and uncultured archaeal lineages in the mud fluid, and finally ending in aromatics-oxidizing bacteria, uncultured spore formers, and heterotrophic subsurface archaea (Thermoplasmatales, Bathyarchaeota, and Lokiarcheota) in the deep subsurface sediment at the bottom of the mud volcano. Since these bacterial and archaeal lineages are mostly anaerobic heterotrophic fermenters, the microbial ecosystem in the brine and fluidized mud functions as a layered fermenter for the degradation of sedimentary biomass and hydrocarbons. By spreading spore-forming, thermophilic Firmicutes during eruptions, the Urania Basin mud volcano likely functions as a source of endospores that occur widely in cold seafloor sediments.
The Discrete Spherical Maximal Function: A new proof of $\ell^2$-boundedness
Creators: name: Lyall, Neil
name: Magyar, Akos
name: Newman, Alex
name: Woolfitt, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We provide a new direct proof of the $\ell^2$-boundedness of the Discrete Spherical Maximal Function that neither relies on abstract transference theorems (and hence Stein's Spherical Maximal Function Theorem) nor on delicate asymptotics for the Fourier transform of discrete spheres.
Renormalization group analysis of competition between distinct order parameters
Creators: name: Wang, Jing
name: Liu, Guo-Zhu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We perform a detailed renormalization group analysis to study a (2+1)-dimensional quantum field theory that is composed of two interacting scalar bosons, which represent the order parameters for two continuous phase transitions. This sort of field theory can describe the competition and coexistence between distinct long-range orders, and therefore plays a vital role in statistical physics and condensed matter physics. We first derive and solve the renormalization group equations of all the relevant physical parameters, and then show that the system does not have any stable fixed point in the lowest energy limit. Interestingly, this conclusion holds in both the ordered and disordered phases, and also at the quantum critical point. Therefore, the originally continuous transitions are unavoidably turned to first-order due to ordering competition. Moreover, we examine the impacts of massless Goldstone boson generated by continuous symmetry breaking on ordering competition, and briefly discuss the physical implications of our results.
description: 13 pages, 16 figures
Mouse Adapted SARS-CoV-2 (MA10) Viral Infection Induces Neuroinflammation in Standard Laboratory Mice
Creators: name: Qin, Xuebin
name: Maness, Nicholas J.
name: Gressett, Timothy E.
name: Ismael, Saifudeen
name: Dinnon III, Kenneth H.
name: Bix, Gregory
name: Srivastava, Akhilesh
name: Baric, Ralph S.
name: Leist, Sarah R.
name: Amruta, Narayanappa
name: Kolls, Jay K.
name: Engler-Chiurazzi, Elizabeth B.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2023

description: Increasing evidence suggests that severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection impacts neurological function both acutely and chronically, even in the absence of pronounced respiratory distress. Developing clinically relevant laboratory mouse models of the neuropathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2 infection is an important step toward elucidating the underlying mechanisms of SARS-CoV-2-induced neurological dysfunction. Although various transgenic models and viral delivery methods have been used to study the infection potential of SARS-CoV-2 in mice, the use of commonly available laboratory mice would facilitate the study of SARS-CoV-2 neuropathology. Herein we show neuroinflammatory profiles of immunologically intact mice, C57BL/6J and BALB/c, as well as immunodeficient (Rag2−/−) mice, to a mouse-adapted strain of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2 (MA10)). Our findings indicate that brain IL-6 levels are significantly higher in BALB/c male mice infected with SARS-CoV-2 MA10. Additionally, blood-brain barrier integrity, as measured by the vascular tight junction protein claudin-5, was reduced by SARS-CoV-2 MA10 infection in all three strains. Brain glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) mRNA was also elevated in male C57BL/6J infected mice compared with the mock group. Lastly, immune-vascular effects of SARS-CoV-2 (MA10), as measured by H&E scores, demonstrate an increase in perivascular lymphocyte cuffing (PLC) at 30 days post-infection among infected female BALB/c mice with a significant increase in PLC over time only in SARS-CoV-2 MA10) infected mice. Our study is the first to demonstrate that SARS-CoV-2 (MA10) infection induces neuroinflammation in laboratory mice and could be used as a novel model to study SARS-CoV-2-mediated cerebrovascular pathology.
Neighborhood segregation and cancer prevention guideline adherence in US Hispanic/Latino adults: Results from the HCHS/SOL
Creators: name: Evenson, Kelly R.
name: Sotres-Alvarez, Daniela
name: Joyce, Brian
name: Pichardo, Catherine M.
name: Castañeda, Sheila F.
name: Pichardo, Margaret S.
name: Hou, Lifang
name: Gallo, Linda C.
name: Daviglus, Martha L.
name: Molina, Yamile
name: Aviles-Santa, Larissa
name: Talavera, Gregory A.
name: Plascak, Jesse
Publisher: name: Frontiers Media S.A.
Year: 2022

description: Background Adherence to the American Cancer Society (ACS) guidelines for cancer prevention is associated with a lower risk of cancer and mortality. The role of neighborhood segregation on adherence to the guidelines among Hispanic/Latino adults is relatively unexplored. Materials and methods The Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos is a community-based prospective cohort of 16,462 Hispanic/Latino adults, ages 18-74 years enrolled in 2008-2011 from the Bronx, Chicago, Miami and San Diego. Dimensions of neighborhood segregation were measured using 2010 United States’ census tracts:—evenness (the physical separation of a group), exposure (the propensity for contact between groups), and their joint effect (hypersegregation). ACS guideline adherence levels – low, moderate, high – were created from accelerometry-measured physical activity, dietary intake, alcohol intake, and body mass index. Weighted multinominal logistic regressions estimated relative risk ratios (RRR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for guideline adherence levels and its components. Results Hispanic/Latino adults were classified as low (13.7%), moderate (58.8%) or highly (27.5%) adherent to ACS guidelines. We found no evidence of an association between segregation and overall guideline adherence. Exposure segregation associated with lower likelihood of moderate adherence to alcohol recommendations (RRRmoderate vs. low:0.86, 95%CI:0.75-0.98) but higher likelihood for diet recommendations (RRRmoderate vs. low:1.07, 95%CI:1.01-1.14). Evenness segregation associated with lower likelihood of high adherence to the physical activity recommendations (RRRhigh vs. low:0.73, 95%CI:0.57-0.94). Hypersegregation was associated with individual guideline components. Conclusion We found evidence of a cross-sectional relationship between neighborhood segregation and ACS cancer prevention guideline components, but not with overall ACS guideline adherence.
Performance evaluation of Mung bean [Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek] varieties in pastoral areas of South Omo Zone, Southern Ethiopia
Creators: name: Tekle Yoseph
name: Tekle Yoseph
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Mung bean
subject: varieties
subject: Yield components
subject: Grain Yield

description: Field experiments were conducted on pastoral and agro-pastoral areas of South Omo Zone at Dasenech, Hammer and Gynagatom woredas of Southern Ethiopia on mung bean [Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek] varieties in 2019 under irrigated condition. The objective of the study was to select the best performing mung bean varieties in the target areas. The treatments involved in the study were three improved and one local mung bean variety (NVL-01, Shewarobit, N-26, and local). The experiment was carried out using a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. The combined analysis of variance result for mean squares depicted that there were significant differences observed among the varieties for all the studied parameters except the number of seeds per pod. The overall mean values for plant height ranged from 41.33 cm for Shewarobit to 62.00 cm for the local check. The mean values for the number of pods per plant ranged from 19.33 for the local check to 24.44 for NVL-01. The mean value for a thousand seeds weight was maximum 59.56 g for N-26, while it was a minimum 48.22 g for Shewarobit. The highest overall mean grain yield of 2483.8 kg ha-1 was recorded for N-26 while the minimum 1462.6 kg ha-1 was noted for the local check. The grain yield advantages of 41.11, 34.52, and 25.26% were obtained from the improved varieties N-26, NVL-01, and Shewarobit, respectively over the local check. The effect of varieties on grain yield was significant and the best performing mung bean varieties namely N-26 2483.8 kg ha-1 and NVL-01 2233.6 kg ha-1 would be recommended for the specific community and its vicinity even though further study should be carried out including some recently released varieties for improved mung bean production and also to put the recommendation on a strong basis.
Studying the Magnetic Properties of CoSi Single Crystals
Creators: name: Narozhnyi, V. N.
name: Krasnorussky, V. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The magnetic properties of CoSi single crystals have been measured in a range of temperatures $T = 5.5 - 450$ K and magnetic field strengths $H \leq 11$ kOe. A comparison of the results for crystals grown in various laboratories allowed the temperature dependence of magnetic susceptibility $χ(T) = M(T)/H$ to be determined for a hypothetical "ideal" (free of magnetic impurities and defects) CoSi crystal. The susceptibility of this ideal crystal in the entire temperature range exhibits a diamagnetic character. The $χ(T)$ value significantly increases in absolute value with decreasing temperature and exhibits saturation at the lowest temperatures studied. For real CoSi crystals of four types, paramagnetic contributions to the susceptibility have been evaluated and nonlinear (with respect to the field) contributions to the magnetization have been separated and taken into account in the calculations of $χ(T)$.
description: PDF, 5 pages. 4 figures
The Emperor Nero's Pottery and Tilery at Little London, Pamber, by Silchester, Hampshire: The Excavations of 2017
Creators: name: Fulford, Michael
Publisher: name: Archaeology Data Service
Year: 2023

description: Britannia Monograph series, 36
description: Previously suspected on the basis of a tile stamped with the name and titles of the Emperor Nero found alongside other brick and tile in the ploughsoil, excavation of two tile kilns at Little London near Silchester, Hampshire confirmed production during the reign of Nero. In addition to the manufacture of standard bricks and roofing materials, the kilns produced the more specialist materials required for building bath houses. Work on the fabrics and distinctive, roller-stamped flue-tiles show that products reached a wide variety of destinations between Cirencester, some 100km to the north-west, and Chichester, on the south coast, though Silchester appears to have been the main market and is the only location where Nero-stamped tile has so far been found. A suggestion is made linking the stamped tile to the visit to Britain by the emperor's trusted freedman, Polyclitus in the aftermath of the Boudican revolt. An unexpected discovery was the ancillary production from at least three pottery kilns of a wide range of pre-Flavian domestic wares, so far only identified in Silchester and its environs. Alongside the publication of the kilns there are illustrated catalogues of the complete range of brick and tile types produced as well as of the pottery. Other reports include analysis of the fuels used and a suite of radiocarbon dates which support the pottery evidence for production ceasing in the early Flavian period. Analysis of the numerous animal foot-impressions on the bricks presents one aspect of the environment of the kilns.
Organophosphorus Pesticide Exposure at 17 Weeks’ Gestation and Odds of Offspring Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Diagnosis in the Norwegian Mother, Father, and Child Cohort Study
Creators: name: Hall, Amber M.
name: Manley, Cherrel K.
name: Cequier, Enrique
name: Thistle, Jake E.
name: Roell, Kyle R.
name: Sakhi, Amrit K.
name: Aase, Heidi
name: Reichborn-Kjennerud, Ted
name: Ramos, Amanda M.
name: Villanger, Gro D.
name: Thomsen, Cathrine
name: Zeiner, Pål
name: Engel, Stephanie M.
Publisher: name: MDPI
Year: 2022

description: Prenatal organophosphorus pesticides (OPs) are ubiquitous and have been linked to adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes. However, few studies have examined prenatal OPs in relation to diagnosed attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), with only two studies exploring this relationship in a population primarily exposed through diet. In this study, we used a nested case-control study to evaluate prenatal OP exposure and ADHD diagnosis in the Norwegian Mother, Father, and Child Cohort Study (MoBa). For births that occurred between 2003 and 2008, ADHD diagnoses were obtained from linkage of MoBa participants with the Norwegian Patient Registry (N = 297), and a reference population was randomly selected from the eligible population (N = 552). Maternal urine samples were collected at 17 weeks’ gestation and molar sums of diethyl phosphates (ΣDEP) and dimethyl phosphates metabolites (ΣDMP) were calculated. Multivariable adjusted logistic regression models were used to estimate the association between prenatal OP metabolite exposure and child ADHD diagnosis. Additionally, multiplicative effect measure modification (EMM) by child sex was assessed. In most cases, mothers in the second and third tertiles of ΣDMP and ΣDEP exposure had slightly lower odds of having a child with ADHD, although confidence intervals were wide and included the null. EMM by child sex was not observed for either ΣDMP or ΣDEP. In summary, we did not find evidence that OPs at 17 weeks’ gestation increased the odds of ADHD in this nested case-control study of ADHD in MoBa, a population primarily experiencing dietary exposure.
Ternary CNTs@TiO2/CoO nanotube composites: Improved anode materials for high performance lithium ion batteries
Creators: name: Madian, Mahmoud
name: Ummethala, Raghunandan
name: El Naga, Ahmed Osama Abo
name: Ismail, Nahla
name: Rümmeli, Mark Hermann
name: Eychmüller, Alexander
name: Giebeler, Lars
Publisher: name: Basel : MDPI
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: titanium dioxide
subject: cobalt oxide
subject: anodic oxidation
subject: spray pyrolysis
subject: carbon nanotubes
subject: mixed oxide nanotubes
subject: composite materials
subject: 620

description: TiO2 nanotubes (NTs) synthesized by electrochemical anodization are discussed as very promising anodes for lithium ion batteries, owing to their high structural stability, high surface area, safety, and low production cost. However, their poor electronic conductivity and low Li+ ion diffusivity are the main drawbacks that prevent them from achieving high electrochemical performance. Herein, we report the fabrication of a novel ternary carbon nanotubes (CNTs)@TiO2/CoO nanotubes composite by a two-step synthesis method. The preparation includes an initial anodic fabrication of well-ordered TiO2/CoO NTs from a Ti-Co alloy, followed by growing of CNTs horizontally on the top of the oxide films using a simple spray pyrolysis technique. The unique 1D structure of such a hybrid nanostructure with the inclusion of CNTs demonstrates significantly enhanced areal capacity and rate performances compared to pure TiO2 and TiO2/CoO NTs, without CNTs tested under identical conditions. The findings reveal that CNTs provide a highly conductive network that improves Li+ ion diffusivity, promoting a strongly favored lithium insertion into the TiO2/CoO NT framework, and hence resulting in high capacity and an extremely reproducible high rate capability.
title:  Narrazioni della vendetta e della giustizia: articolazioni di potere, cultura politica e acculturazione religiosa nell’Europa della prima età moderna
Creators: name: Broggio, Paolo
Publisher: name: Roma TrE-Press
Year: 2015

description: Il saggio intende ripercorrere i diversi modi in cui la violenza vendicatoria e il ricorso alla giustizia ufficiale sono stati narrati, e dunque interpretati, non dagli attori sociali bensì dalle istituzioni preposte al contenimento della violenza. Tratto primordiale e strumento di giustizia per qualsiasi società umana, nell’Occidente europeo la vendetta ha subito nel corso dei secoli un processo di progressiva delimitazione che è andato di pari passo con una produzione discorsiva mirante a sospingere il fenomeno vendicatorio nei recinti delle passioni umane, un’interiorità psicologica tutta da addomesticare e controllare. Ma il percorso lineare di una civilizzazione dei costumi ottenuta attraverso l’affermazione del processo penale obbligatorio (concepito proprio come fuoriuscita dalla vendetta), risulta più complesso e tortuoso di quanto finora ipotizzato dalla storiografia.
description: KRYPTON – VOL.5/6 – 2015 – VIOLENZA
Additional file 2 of Early Jurassic extrinsic solar system dynamics versus intrinsic Earth processes: Toarcian sedimentation and benthic life in deep-sea contourite drift facies, Cardigan Bay Basin, UK
Creators: name: Pieńkowski, Grzegorz
name: Uchman, Alfred
name: Ninard, Krzysztof
name: Page, Kevin N.
name: Hesselbo, Stephen P.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Geology
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences

description: Additional file 2. Description of time series and the runs test methodology and results.
Cosmological Evolution of Statistical System of Scalar Charged Particles
Creators: name: Ignat'ev, Yurii
name: Agathonov, Alexander
name: Mikhailov, Mikhail
name: Ignatyev, Dmitry
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 83C10, 83C55, 83F05

description: In the paper we consider the macroscopic model of plasma of scalar charged particles, obtained by means of the statistical averaging of the microscopic equations of particle dynamics in a scalar field. On the basis of kinetic equations, obtained from averaging, and their strict integral consequences, a self-consistent set of equations is formulated which describes the self-gravitating plasma of scalar charged particles. It was obtained the corresponding closed cosmological model which also was numerically simulated for the case of one-component degenerated Fermi gas and two-component Boltzmann system. It was shown that results depend weakly on the choice of a statistical model. Two specific features of cosmological evolution of a statistical system of scalar charged particles were obtained with respect to cosmological evolution of the minimal interaction models: appearance of giant bursts of invariant cosmological acceleration $Ω$ at the time interval $8\cdot10^3\div2\cdot10^4 t_{Pl}$ and strong heating ($3÷8$ orders of magnitude) of a statistical system at the same times. The presence of such features can modify the quantum theory of generation of cosmological gravitational perturbations.
description: 49 pages, 26 figures, 26 references
Non-linear effects for cylindrical gravitational two-soliton
Creators: name: Tomizawa, Shinya
name: Mishima, Takashi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using a cylindrical soliton solution to the four-dimensional vacuum Einstein equation, we study non-linear effects of gravitational waves such as Faraday rotation and time shift phenomenon. In the previous work, we analyzed the single-soliton solution constructed by the Pomeransky's improved inverse scattering method. In this work, we construct a new two-soliton solution with complex conjugate poles, by which we can avoid light-cone singularities unavoidable in a single soliton case. In particular, we compute amplitudes of such non-linear gravitational waves and time-dependence of the polarizations. Furthermore, we consider the time shift phenomenon for soliton waves, which means that a wave packet can propagate at slower velocity than light.
description: 13 pages, 8 figures
Imaging Anisotropic Waveguide Exciton Polaritons in Tin Sulfide
Creators: name: Luan, Yilong
name: Zobeiri, Hamidreza
name: Wang, Xinwei
name: Sutter, Eli
name: Sutter, Peter
name: Fei, Zhe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In recent years, novel materials supporting in-plane anisotropic polaritons have attracted a lot of research interest due to their capability of shaping nanoscale field distributions and controlling nanophotonic energy flows. Here we report a nano-optical imaging study of waveguide exciton polaritons (EPs) in tin sulfide (SnS) in the near-infrared (IR) region using the scattering-type scanning near-field optical microscopy (s-SNOM). With s-SNOM, we mapped in real space the propagative EPs in SnS, which show sensitive dependence on the excitation energy and sample thickness. Moreover, we found that both the polariton wavelength and propagation length are anisotropic in the sample plane. In particular, in a narrow spectral range from 1.32 to 1.44 eV, the EPs demonstrate quasi-one-dimensional propagation, which is rarely seen in natural polaritonic materials. Further analysis indicates that the observed polariton anisotropy is originated from the different optical bandgaps and exciton binding energies along the two principal crystal axes of SnS.
description: 21 pages
Modeling Complex Organic Molecules in dense regions: Eley-Rideal and complex induced reaction
Creators: name: Ruaud, M.
name: Loison, J. C.
name: Hickson, K. M.
name: Gratier, P.
name: Hersant, F.
name: Wakelam, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent observations have revealed the existence of Complex Organic Molecules (COMs) in cold dense cores and prestellar cores. The presence of these molecules in such cold conditions is not well understood and remains a matter of debate since the previously proposed "warm- up" scenario cannot explain these observations. In this article, we study the effect of Eley- Rideal and complex induced reaction mechanisms of gas-phase carbon atoms with the main ice components of dust grains on the formation of COMs in cold and dense regions. Based on recent experiments we use a low value for the chemical desorption efficiency (which was previously invoked to explain the observed COM abundances). We show that our introduced mechanisms are efficient enough to produce a large amount of complex organic molecules in the gas-phase at temperatures as low as 10K.
description: 14 pages, 12 figures, 8 tables
Patient perspectives on cervical cancer screening interventions among underscreened women
Creators: name: Knight, S.
name: Smith, J.S.
name: Brewer, N.T.
name: Des Marais, A.C.
Publisher: name: Public Library of Science
Year: 2022

description: Background Cervical cancer is highly preventable with regular screening, yet over 4,000 women die from it annually in the United States. Over half of new cervical cancer cases in the U.S. are attributable to insufficient screening. Methods Participants were 23 low-income, uninsured or Medicaid-insured women in North Carolina who were overdue for cervical cancer screening according to national guidelines. Semi-structured interviews examined perspectives on barriers to cervical cancer screening and on interventions to reduce these barriers. We also elicited feedback on three proposed evidence-based interventions: one-on-one education, coupons to reduce out-of-pocket costs, and self-collection of samples for detection of high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) infection, the primary cause of cervical cancer. Results Reported barriers included high cost, inconvenient clinic hours, lack of provider recommendation, poor transportation, difficulty finding a provider, fear of pain, and low perceived need. Participants suggested interventions including reducing cost, improving convenience through community-based screening or extended clinic hours, strengthening provider recommendations, and providing one-on-one counseling and education outreach. HPV self-collection was most frequently selected as the “most helpful” of 3 proposed interventions (n = 11), followed by reducing out-of-pocket costs (n = 7) and one-on-one education (n = 5). Conclusion Cost was the most reported barrier to cervical cancer screening, although women experience multiple simultaneous barriers. Novel interventions such as HPV self-collection promise to reduce some, but not all, barriers to primary screening. Interventions that work on reducing multiple barriers, including obstacles to receiving follow-up care, may be most effective to prevent cervical cancer among these high-risk women.
Glass transition of charged particles in two-dimensional confinement
Creators: name: Yazdi, Anoosheh
name: Heinen, Marco
name: Ivlev, Alexei
name: Löwen, Hartmut
name: Sperl, Matthias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The glass transition of mesoscopic charged particles in two-dimensional confinement is studied by mode-coupling theory. We consider two types of effective interactions between the particles, corresponding to two different models for the distribution of surrounding ions that are integrated out in coarse-grained descriptions. In the first model, a planar monolayer of charged particles is immersed in an unbounded isotropic bath of ions, giving rise to an isotropically screened Debye-Hückel- (Yukawa-) type effective interaction. The second, experimentally more relevant system is a monolayer of negatively charged particles that levitate atop a flat horizontal electrode, as frequently encountered in laboratory experiments with complex (dusty) plasmas. A steady plasma current towards the electrode gives rise to an anisotropic effective interaction potential between the particles, with an algebraically long-ranged in-plane decay. In a comprehensive parameter scan that covers the typical range of experimentally accessible plasma conditions, we calculate and compare the mode-coupling predictions for the glass transition in both kinds of systems.
description: 10 pages, 8 figures
Safeguards, Data-sharing and the Disclosure of Sensitive Results: An Educational Scenario by the EnTIRE project
Creators: name: Kalambouka, Afroditi
name: Holm, Søren
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: research integrity
research ethics

description: Members of The Embassy of Good Science have developed a set of eight scenarios for educational purposes and to stimulate strategic thinking about issues in research ethics and research integrity. This scenario presents a hypothetical narrative concerning the safeguards required for data-sharing and data disclosure practices. It focuses on issues regarding: The ethical and regulatory standards governing data-sharing practices; The ethical dimensions of research involving children; Amendments to research ethics protocols; Research participant complaints against researchers; Disclosure of sensitive research results. It is interspersed with questions and resource suggestions that help guide researchers, research ethics committees ('RECs'), research integrity offices ('RIOs') and research administrators in their deliberations concerning the research integrity issues raised by the narrative.
Luminescence and scintillation properties of CsI -- a potential cryogenic scintillator
Creators: name: Mikhailik, V. B.
name: Kapustyanyk, V.
name: Tsybulskyi, V.
name: Rudyk, V.
name: Kraus, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Caesium iodide is one of the more extensively studied scintillators. Here we present X-ray luminescence spectra, scintillation light output and decay curves as function of temperature, from room temperature down to below 10 K. Features of the observed intrinsic luminescence are explained in terms of radiative recombination of on- and off-centre STE. A model permitting interpretation of the dynamics of luminescence changes in CsI with temperature is suggested. This model includes adiabatic potential energy surfaces (APES) associated with singlet and triplet states of self-trapped excitons (STE) and explains the variation of the luminescence spectra with temperature as a result of re-distribution in the population between on- and off-centre STE. The temperature dependence of the scintillation light yield is discussed in the framework of the Onsager mechanism.
Formation of asymmetric arms in barred galaxies
Creators: name: Sánchez-Martín, P.
name: García-Gómez, C.
name: Masdemont, J. J.
name: Romero-Gómez, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We establish a dynamical mechanism to explain the origin of the asymmetry between the arms observed in some barred disk galaxies, where one of the two arms emanating from the bar ends is very well defined, while the second one displays a ragged structure, extending between its ridge and the bar. To this purpose, we study the invariant manifolds associated to the Lyapunov periodic orbits around the unstable equilibrium points at the ends of the bar. Matter from the galaxy center is transported along these manifolds to the periphery, forming this way the spiral arms that emanate from the bar ends. If the mass distribution in the galaxy center is not homogeneous, because of an asymmetric bar with one side stronger than the other, or because of a non-centered bulge, the dynamics about the two unstable Lagrange points at the ends of the bar will not be symmetric as well. One of their invariant manifolds becomes more extended than the other, enclosing a smaller section and the escaping orbits on it are fewer and dispersed in a wider region. The result is a weaker arm, and more ragged than the one at the other end of the bar.
title:  I tanti volti dell’onore. Conflitti del quotidiano e pratiche di pacificazione nella Toscana del Settecento
Creators: name: Paoli, Maria Pia
Publisher: name: Roma TrE-Press
Year: 2015

description: Nella Toscana del Settecento si registrano numerosi casi di paci fra privati. Il ruolo dei mediatori si incrociò a volte con i procedimenti giudiziari dei tribunali del Granducato, centrali e periferici. In questo articolo si prendono in esame soprattutto due figure di mediatori, Pier Andrea Andreini e Bindo Simone Peruzzi che, in epoche diverse, trattarono composizioni cavalleresche per vari membri della nobiltà del Granducato. L’ampia casistica di luoghi e situazioni che emerge da fonti per lo più inedite porta alla luce l’estensione che il concetto di nobiltà stava assumendo fino ad interessare e coinvolgere nella difesa dell’onore uomini e donne dei ceti più umili.
description: KRYPTON – VOL.5/6 – 2015 – VIOLENZA
Predictors of SARS-CoV-2 RNA From Nasopharyngeal Swabs and Concordance With Other Compartments in Nonhospitalized Adults With Mild to Moderate COVID-19
Creators: name: Aga, Evgenia
name: Javan, Arzhang Cyrus
name: Eron, Joseph J
name: Ritz, Justin
name: Currier, Judith S
name: Jagannathan, Prasanna
name: Wohl, David A
name: Coombs, Robert W
name: Hughes, Michael D
name: Li, Jonathan Z
name: Chew, Kara W
name: Daar, Eric S
name: Smith, Davey M
name: Sieg, Scott F
name: Bender Ignacio, Rachel A
name: Parikh, Urvi M
name: Moser, Carlee
Publisher: name: Oxford University Press
Year: 2022

description: Background Identifying characteristics associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) RNA shedding may be useful to understand viral compartmentalization, disease pathogenesis, and risks for viral transmission. Methods Participants were enrolled August 2020 to February 2021 in ACTIV-2/A5401, a placebo-controlled platform trial evaluating investigational therapies for mild-to-moderate coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), and underwent quantitative SARS-CoV-2 RNA testing on nasopharyngeal and anterior nasal swabs, oral wash/saliva, and plasma at entry (day 0, pretreatment) and days 3, 7, 14, and 28. Concordance of RNA levels (copies/mL) across compartments and predictors of nasopharyngeal RNA levels were assessed at entry (n = 537). Predictors of changes over time were evaluated among placebo recipients (n = 265) with censored linear regression models. Results Nasopharyngeal and anterior nasal RNA levels at study entry were highly correlated (r = 0.84); higher levels of both were associated with greater detection of RNA in plasma and oral wash/saliva. Older age, White non-Hispanic race/ethnicity, lower body mass index (BMI), SARS-CoV-2 immunoglobulin G seronegativity, and shorter prior symptom duration were associated with higher nasopharyngeal RNA at entry. In adjusted models, body mass index and race/ethnicity associations were attenuated, but the association with age remained (for every 10 years older, mean nasopharyngeal RNA was 0.27 log10 copies/mL higher; P < .001). Examining longitudinal viral RNA levels among placebo recipients, women had faster declines in nasopharyngeal RNA than men (mean change, −2.0 vs −1.3 log10 copies/mL, entry to day 3; P < .001). Conclusions SARS-CoV-2 RNA shedding was concordant across compartments. Age was strongly associated with viral shedding, and men had slower viral clearance than women, which could explain sex differences in acute COVID-19 outcomes.
Universal Domain Adaptation for Remote Sensing Image Scene Classification
Creators: name: Xu, Qingsong
name: Shi, Yilei
name: Yuan, Xin
name: Zhu, Xiao Xiang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The domain adaptation (DA) approaches available to date are usually not well suited for practical DA scenarios of remote sensing image classification, since these methods (such as unsupervised DA) rely on rich prior knowledge about the relationship between label sets of source and target domains, and source data are often not accessible due to privacy or confidentiality issues. To this end, we propose a practical universal domain adaptation setting for remote sensing image scene classification that requires no prior knowledge on the label sets. Furthermore, a novel universal domain adaptation method without source data is proposed for cases when the source data is unavailable. The architecture of the model is divided into two parts: the source data generation stage and the model adaptation stage. The first stage estimates the conditional distribution of source data from the pre-trained model using the knowledge of class-separability in the source domain and then synthesizes the source data. With this synthetic source data in hand, it becomes a universal DA task to classify a target sample correctly if it belongs to any category in the source label set, or mark it as ``unknown" otherwise. In the second stage, a novel transferable weight that distinguishes the shared and private label sets in each domain promotes the adaptation in the automatically discovered shared label set and recognizes the ``unknown'' samples successfully. Empirical results show that the proposed model is effective and practical for remote sensing image scene classification, regardless of whether the source data is available or not. The code is available at https://github.com/zhu-xlab/UniDA.
description: 15 pages, 6 figures, IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing