cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Cosmological Acceleration Through Transition to Constant Scalar Curvature
Creators: name: Parker, Leonard
name: Komp, William
name: Vanzella, Daniel A. T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: As shown by Parker and Raval, quantum field theory in curved spacetime gives a possible mechanism for explaining the observed recent acceleration of the universe. This mechanism, which differs in its dynamics from quintessence models, causes the universe to make a transition to an accelerating expansion in which the scalar curvature, R, of spacetime remains constant. This transition occurs despite the fact that we set the renormalized cosmological constant to zero. We show that this model agrees very well with the current observed type-Ia supernova (SNe-Ia) data. There are no free parameters in this fit, as the relevant observables are determined independently by means of the current cosmic microwave background radiation (CMBR) data. We also give the predicted curves for number count tests and for the ratio, w(z), of the dark energy pressure to its density, as well as for dw(z)/dz versus w(z). These curves differ significantly from those obtained from a cosmological constant, and will be tested by planned future observations.
description: 31 pages, 7 figures; to appear in ApJ. Corrected numerical results; described quantum basis of theory; 18 references added; 2 figures added
Enhancing generalizability of data-driven urban flood models by incorporating contextual information
Creators: name: Cache, Tabea
name: Gomez, Milton Salvador
name: Beucler, Tom
name: Blagojevic, Jovan
name: Leitão, João Paulo
name: Peleg, Nadav
Publisher: name: ETH Zurich
Year: 2024

description: Fast urban pluvial flood models are necessary for a range of applications, such as near real-time flood nowcasting or processing large rainfall ensembles for uncertainty analysis. Data-driven models can help overcome the long computational time of traditional flood simulation models, and the state-of-the-art models have shown promising accuracy. Yet the lack of generalizability of urban pluvial flood data-driven models to both terrain and rainfall events still limits their application. These models usually adopt a patch-based framework to overcome multiple bottlenecks, such as data availability and computational and memory constraints. However, this approach does not incorporate contextual information of the terrain surrounding the small image patch (typically 256 m x 256 m). We propose a new deep-learning model that maintains the high-resolution information of the local patch and incorporates a larger context to increase the visual field of the model with the aim of enhancing the generalizability of urban pluvial flood data-driven models. We trained and tested the model in the city of Zurich (Switzerland), at a spatial resolution of 1 m, for 1-hour rainfall events at 5 min temporal resolution. We demonstrate that our model can faithfully represent flood depths for a wide range of rainfall events, with peak rainfall intensities ranging from 42.5 mm h-1 to 161.4 mm h-1. Then, we assessed the model’s terrain generalizability in distinct urban settings, namely Luzern (Switzerland) and Singapore. The model accurately identifies locations of water accumulation, which constitutes an improvement compared to other deep-learning models. Using transfer learning, the model was successfully retrained in the new cities, requiring only a single rainfall event to adapt the model to new terrains while preserving adaptability across diverse rainfall conditions. Our results indicate that by incorporating contextual terrain information into the local patches, our proposed model effectively generates high-resolution urban pluvial flood maps, demonstrating applicability across varied terrains and rainfall events.
description: Hydrology and Earth System Sciences Discussions
description: ISSN:1812-2116
description: ISSN:1812-2108
Globally applicable workflow for urban pluvial risk estimates in data-scarce environments
Creators: name: Blagojevic, Jovan
name: Paschalis, Athanasios
name: Molnar, Peter
Publisher: name: ETH Zurich
Year: 2023

description: New precipitation data sets with global coverage provide an accessible and low-cost means for water resource and water-hazard risk management in data-scarce regions, or comparative studies with global coverage. These precipitation data sets, often derived from satellite observations tend to underestimate the short-duration, high-intensity rainfall events. Generating design-useful Intensity-Duration-Frequency (IDF) curves from such global data sets, especially for shorter duration rainfall events on the order of 1-hr or less, is often characterized by underestimation compared to the ground truth. Such underestimation exceeds what can be expected by spatial scale incompatibilities, often considered using areal reduction factors. Using the global data sets for pluvial flood risk analysis consequently leads to lower flood risk estimates. In this paper, we develop a methodology to obtain hourly-scale IDF curves, suitable for flood inundation modelling, for ungauged areas using global datasets. To achieve that, high timeresolution, satellite remote sensing rainfall data (GSMaP) is used to train a stochastic rainfall generator model (point process Bartlet-Lewis model). The weather generator is then used to statistically disaggregate daily global precipitation data (GPCC) via stochastic ensemble simulation. The disaggregated data is used to generate more accurate IDF curves, which underpin pluvial flooding risk assessments based on realistic short duration rainfall intensities. The discrepancies in flood inundation risk estimates in urban environments, due to rainfall intensity underestimation, are demonstrated using a 2-d hydrodynamic model. All the analysis steps are executed using publicly available data sets following FAIR principles. The proposed workflow yields globally applicable rough estimates of pluvial flood risk, more representative than when using the readily available global IDF studies or IDF curves derived directly from global precipitation datasets.
Crithmum maritimum y Daucus carota subsp. gummifer: dos apiáceas del norte de España con gran potencial antimicrobiano
Creators: name: Sánchez-Hernández, Eva
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 99901 Agricultural Engineering
subject: FOS: Other engineering and technologies

description: El hinojo marino (Crithmum maritimum L.) y la zanahoria de mar (Daucus carota subsp. gummifer Hook) son dos especies pertenecientes a la familia Apiaceae. Ambas son plantas silvestres halófitas, presentes en acantilados del Mar Cantábrico, y se emplean popularmente en medicina y como aromatizantes en cocina. C. maritimum presenta una naturaleza oleaginosa, con altos contenidos en taninos y polifenoles, destacando el apiol como su componente mayoritario; mientras que D. carota es una planta rica en terpenos (como el acetato de geranilo) y productora de goma. El objetivo de este trabajo ha sido la búsqueda de nuevas formulaciones basadas en extractos de estas plantas, con vistas a su empleo en agricultura como fitosanitarios. En los resultados obtenidos se ha observado un efecto sinérgico en la administración conjunta de oligómeros de quitosano junto al extracto de cada halófita o su correspondiente compuesto bioactivo puro. Teniendo en cuenta que la incidencia y la importancia económica de las pérdidas producidas por microorganismos han aumentado en los últimos años, las formulaciones descritas pueden constituir una alternativa prometedora a los fitosanitarios convencionales para la protección de cultivos leñosos.
UAS Entreprenuership Sarwandi (11823071) 7B "Pentingnya Berwirausaha di Era Milenial"
Creators: name: Sarwandi, Sarwandi
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Wirusaha, Milenial

description: Makalah yang berjudul "Pentingnya Berwirausaha di Era Milenial" ini dibuat sebagai pemenuhan Ujian Akhir Semester kategori Khusus dari mata kuliah "Entrepreneurship"
Present criteria for prophylactic ICD implantation: Insights from the EU-CERT-ICD (Comparative Effectiveness Research to Assess the Use of Primary ProphylacTic Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillators in EUrope) project
Creators: name: Zabel, M.
name: Schlögl, S.
name: Lubinski, A.
name: Svendsen, J. H.
name: Bauer, A.
name: Arbelo, E.
name: Brusich, S.
name: Conen, D.
name: Cygankiewicz, I.
name: Dommasch, M.
name: Flevari, P.
name: Galuszka, J.
name: Hansen, J.
name: Hasenfuß, G.
name: Hatala, R.
name: Huikuri, H. V.
name: Kenttä, T.
name: Kuczejko, T.
name: Haarmann, H.
name: Harden, M.
name: Iovev, S.
name: Kääb, S.
name: Kaliska, G.
name: Katsimardos, A.
name: Kasprzak, J. D.
name: Qavoq, D.
name: Lüthje, L.
name: Malik, M.
name: Novotny, T.
name: Pavlovic, N.
name: Perge, P.
name: Röver, C.
name: Schmidt, G.
name: Shalganov, T.
name: Sritharan, R.
name: Svetlosak, M.
name: Sallo, Z.
name: Szavits-Nossan, J.
name: Traykov, V.
name: Vandenberk, B.
name: Velchec, V.
name: Vos, M. A.
name: Willich, S. N.
name: Friede, T.
name: Willems, R.
name: Merkely, B.
name: Sticherling, C.
name: investigators, the EU-CERT-ICD study
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: BACKGROUND. The clinical effectiveness of primary prevention implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) therapy is under debate. It is urgently needed to better identify patients who benefit from prophylactic ICD therapy. The EUropean Comparative Effectiveness Research to Assess the Use of Primary ProphylacTic Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillators (EU-CERT-ICD) completed in 2019 will assess this issue. SUMMARY. The EU-CERT-ICD is a prospective investigator-initiated non-randomized, controlled, multicenter observational cohort study done in 44 centers across 15 European countries. A total of 2327 patients with heart failure due to ischemic heart disease or dilated cardiomyopathy indicated for primary prophylactic ICD implantation were recruited between 2014 and 2018 (>1500 patients at first ICD implantation, >750 patients non-randomized non-ICD control group). The primary endpoint was all-cause mortality, first appropriate shock was co-primary endpoint. At baseline, all patients underwent 12-lead ECG and Holter-ECG analysis using multiple advanced methods for risk stratification as well as documentation of clinical characteristics and laboratory values. The EU-CERT-ICD data will provide much needed information on the survival benefit of preventive ICD therapy and expand on previous prospective risk stratification studies which showed very good applicability of clinical parameters and advanced risk stratifiers in order to define patient subgroups with above or below average ICD benefit. CONCLUSION. The EU-CERT-ICD study will provide new and current data about effectiveness of primary prophylactic ICD implantation. The study also aims for improved risk stratification and patient selection using clinical risk markers in general, and advanced ECG risk markers in particular.
description: 22 pages, 3 figures
Most Super-Earths Have Less Than 3% Water
Creators: name: Rogers, James G.
name: Dorn, Caroline
name: Raj, Vivasvaan Aditya
name: Schlichting, Hilke E.
name: Young, Edward D.
Publisher: name: ETH Zurich
Year: 2024
Subjects: Planets and satellites: atmospheres
Planets and satellites: physical evolution
Planet star interactions

description: Super-Earths are highly irradiated, small planets with bulk densities approximately consistent with Earth. We construct combined interior-atmosphere models of super-Earths that trace the partitioning of water throughout a planet, including an iron-rich core, silicate-rich mantle, and steam atmosphere. We compare these models with exoplanet observations to infer a $1σ$ upper limit on total water mass fraction of $\lesssim 3\%$ at the population level. We consider end-member scenarios that may change this value, including the efficiency of mantle outgassing and escape of high mean-molecular weight atmospheres. Although our constraints are agnostic as to the origin of water, we show that our upper limits are consistent with its production via chemical reactions of primordial hydrogen-dominated atmospheres with magma oceans. This mechanism has also been hypothesised to explain Earth's water content, possibly pointing to a unified channel for the origins of water on small terrestrial planets.
description: arXiv
Determining the optimal coefficient of the spatially periodic Fisher-KPP equation that minimizes the spreading speed
Creators: name: Ito, Ryo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: This paper is concerned with the spatially periodic Fisher-KPP equation $u_t=(d(x)u_x)_x+(r(x)-u)u$, $x\in \mathbb{R}$, where $d(x)$ and $r(x)$ are periodic functions with period $L>0$. We assume that $r(x)$ has positive mean and $d(x)>0$. It is known that there exists a positive number $c^*_d(r)$, called the minimal wave speed, such that a periodic traveling wave solution with average speed $c$ exists if and only if $c \geq c^*_d(r)$. In the one-dimensional case, the minimal speed $c^*_d(r)$ coincides with the ``spreading speed'', that is, the asymptotic speed of the propagating front of a solution with compactly supported initial data. In this paper, we study the minimizing problem for the minimal speed $c^*_d(r)$ by varying $r(x)$ under a certain constraint, while $d(x)$ arbitrarily. We have been able to obtain an explicit form of the minimizing function $r(x)$. Our result provides the first calculable example of the minimal speed for spatially periodic Fisher-KPP equations as far as the author knows.
MOESM1 of Early management of sepsis in medical patients in rural Thailand: a single-center prospective observational study
Creators: name: Rudd, Kristina
name: Viriya Hantrakun
name: Ranjani Somayaji
name: Suchart Booraphun
name: Chaiyaporn Boonsri
name: Fitzpatrick, Annette
name: Day, Nicholas
name: Prapit Teparrukkul
name: Direk Limmathurotsakul
name: T. West
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Patients required at least 3 of the following modified Surviving Sepsis Campaign diagnostic criteria for sepsis for study enrollment. Table S2. Emergency Department management of Thai adult patients with community-acquired sepsis. Table S3. Patient characteristics within the first hospital day, by hospital location.
On classical super-radiance in Kerr-Newman-anti-de Sitter black holes
Creators: name: Winstanley, Elizabeth
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study in detail the modes of a classical scalar field on a Kerr-Newman-anti-de Sitter (KN-AdS) black hole. We construct sets of basis modes appropriate to the two possible boundary conditions (``reflective'' and ``transparent'') at time-like infinity, and consider whether super-radiance is possible. If we employ ``reflective'' boundary conditions, all modes are non-super-radiant. On the other hand, for ``transparent'' boundary conditions, the presence of super-radiance depends on our definition of positive frequency. For those KN-AdS black holes having a globally time-like Killing vector, the natural choice of positive frequency leads to no super-radiance. For other KN-AdS black holes, there is a choice of positive frequency which gives no super-radiance, but for other choices there will, in general, be super-radiance.
description: 23 pages, 3 figures, v2: minor changes, references added
2.1 La Bioeconomía: Una nueva perspectiva de la Economía
Creators: name: Zúniga-González, Carlos Alberto
name: Dios Palomares, Rafaela
name: Rangel Cura, Raúl A.
name: Aguilar, Ariel José
name: Blanco Roa, Noel Ernesto
name: Touño, Pedro José
name: Salazar Antón, Wilber
name: Caballero Hernández, Alvaro José
name: Zúniga-González, Carlos Alberto
name: Dios Palomares, Rafaela
name: Rangel Cura, Raúl A.
name: Aguilar, Ariel José
name: Blanco Roa, Noel Ernesto
name: Touño, Pedro José
name: Salazar Antón, Wilber
name: Caballero Hernández, Alvaro José
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Production Economics
subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: Bioeconomia
subject: Cambio Climático
subject: Senderos productivos
subject: Biotecnología
subject: Eficiencia Energética

description: El presente estudio es una revisión de los enfoques de Bioeconomía en su aplicabilidad a los sistemas de producción. En la investigación se revisó la literatura sobre bioeconomía su evolución, su clasificación en los sectores de producción de la economía, y los instrumentos para medir su productividad y eficiencia. A diferencia de otros estudios la revisión se centra en los sistemas de producción y el impacto del cambio climático en los procesos de producción. La investigación concluye la necesidad de fortalecer una agenda política para integrar a esta nueva epistemología en los procesos de mejorar la productividad de los senderos productivos de cara a los desafíos del futuro como es la demanda creciente de alimentos, las variaciones del cambio climático, fin de los combustibles fósiles, las restricciones de disponibilidad y calidad de los recursos agua, suelo y biodiversidad.
description: Capitulo 1 del Libro Estado del Arte de la Bioeconomia y el Cambio Climático. Programa CYTED. Red de Bioeconomia y Cambio Climático.
THE BOTTOM LINE: A HOLISTIC EXAMINATION OF DISTANCE EDUCATION COSTS VIA ACTIVITY-BASED COSTING
Creators: name: Liang, Wei Zhang
name: Qian, Yu Wangi
Publisher: name: klover journals
Year: 2024
Subjects: Distance
Education
Higher Education
Online Learning
Educational Accessibility
Modern Distance Education

description: Distance education holds a pivotal role within the national educational framework of China, contributing significantly to the diversification and accessibility of higher education. In 2006, the landscape of higher education witnessed a substantial student population of 25,537,000 in junior and regular colleges, with 6,528,000 actively engaged in distance higher education. Notably, 2,793,000 students participated in online junior and regular colleges through modern distance education, representing a noteworthy 10.9% of the entire national scale for junior and regular colleges in higher education. This study delves into the profound impact of distance education on the higher education landscape in China, exploring the dynamics of its growth and its increasing significance in fostering accessibility. The surge in enrollment numbers underscores the evolving preferences and demands of students seeking alternative educational avenues. The utilization of modern distance education, especially through online platforms, has emerged as a prominent mode of learning, accommodating a substantial portion of the national student body. This transition reflects the adaptability of educational institutions to technological advancements and the changing expectations of learners in the 21st century. As we navigate the statistics and trends of distance higher education in China, it becomes imperative to assess the implications of this substantial shift on the quality and inclusivity of education. The study not only highlights the numerical growth but also endeavors to dissect the qualitative aspects of the educational experience within the context of distance learning. Furthermore, the findings of this research are anticipated to contribute to the ongoing discourse on the role of distance education in shaping the future of higher education. By understanding the patterns and preferences that drive students towards modern distance education, educators and policymakers can make informed decisions to enhance the overall educational landscape.
Thermodynamics and/of Horizons: A Comparison of Schwarzschild,RINDLER and desitter Spacetimes
Creators: name: Padmanabhan, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The notions of temperature, entropy and `evaporation', usually associated with spacetimes with horizons, are analyzed using general approach and the following results, applicable to different spacetimes, are obtained at one go. (i) The concept of temperature associated with the horizon is derived in a unified manner and is shown to arise from purely kinematic considerations. (ii) QFT near any horizon is mapped to a conformal field theory without introducing concepts from string theory. (iii) For spherically symmetric spacetimes (in D=1+3) with a horizon at r=l, the partition function has the generic form $Z\propto \exp[S-βE]$, where $S= (1/4) 4πl^2$ and $|E|=(l/2)$. This analysis reproduces the conventional result for the blackhole spacetimes and provides a simple and consistent interpretation of entropy and energy for deSitter spacetime. (iv) For the Rindler spacetime the entropy per unit transverse area turns out to be (1/4) while the energy is zero. (v) In the case of a Schwarzschild black hole there exist quantum states (like Unruh vacuum) which are not invariant under time reversal and can describe blackhole evaporation. There also exist quantum states (like Hartle-Hawking vacuum) in which temperature is well-defined but there is no flow of radiation to infinity. In the case of deSitter universe or Rindler patch in flat spacetime, one usually uses quantum states analogous to Hartle-Hawking vacuum and obtains a temperature without the corresponding notion of evaporation. It is, however, possible to construct the analogues of Unruh vacuum state in the other cases as well. Associating an entropy or a radiating vacuum state with a general horizon raises conceptual issues which are briefly discussed.
description: Invited talk at the Workshop "Interface of gravitational and quantum realms"; to appear in Mod.Phys.Letts. A; 18 pages; one eps figure embedded
Revivals and entanglement from initially entangled mixed states of a damped Jaynes-Cummings model
Creators: name: Rendell, R. W.
name: Rajagopal, A. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An exact density matrix of a phase-damped Jaynes - Cummings model (JCM) with entangled Bell-like initial states formed from a model two-state atom and sets of adjacent photon number states of a single mode radiation field is presented. The entanglement of the initial states and the subsequent time evolution is assured by finding a positive lower bound on the concurrence of local 2x2 projections of the full 2xinfinity JCM density matrix. It is found that the time evolution of the lower bound of the concurrence systematically captures the corresponding collapse and revival features in atomic inversion, relative entropies of atomic and radiation, mutual entropy, and quantum deficit. The atom and radiation subsystems exhibit alternating sets of collapses and revivals in a complementary fashion due to the initially mixed states of the atom and radiation employed here. This is in contrast with the result obtained when the initial state of the dissipationless system is a factored pure state of atom and radiation, where the atomic and radiation entropies are necessarily the same. The magnitudes of the entanglement lower bound and the atomic and radiation revivals become larger as both magnitude and phase of the Bell-like initial state contribution increases. The time evolution of the entropy difference of the total system and that of the radiation subsystem exhibits negative regions called "supercorrelated" states which do not appear in the atomic subsystem. Entangled initial states are found to enhance this supercorrelated feature. Finally, the effect of phase damping is to randomize both the subsystems for asymptotically long times .
description: 26 pages, 10 figures
Religiöses Kapital als Element muslimischer Identitätsperformanzen
Creators: name: Foroutan, Naika
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: 300 Sozialwissenschaften
subject: 290 Andere Religionen

description: Die deutsche Gesellschaft hat sich in den letzten Jahren stark wandelt. Während die ersten 25 Jahre nach dem Anwerbeabkommen von 1955 vor allem davon geprägt waren, dass angenommen wurde, die Migranten würden wieder zurück in ihre alte Heimat gehen und die nächsten 25 Jahre von der Abwehr geprägt waren, ein Einwanderungsland geworden zu sein, nach dem das sogenannte Kühn-Memorandum von 1979 mit dem Mythos der Rückkehr aufgeräumt und eine aktive Integrationspolitik eingefordert hatte, können die letzten 10 Jahre seit dem Integrationsgipfel 2016 als eine sehr dynamische Phase betrachtet werden, in der die deutsche Gesellschaft ihre Migrationsrealität aktiv ausgehandelt hat.
Charged Dirac perturbations on Reissner-Nordström-Anti-de Sitter spacetimes: quasinormal modes with Robin boundary conditions
Creators: name: Wang, Mengjie
name: Herdeiro, Carlos
name: Jing, Jiliang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study charged Dirac quasinormal modes (QNMs) on Reissner-Nordström-Anti-de Sitter (RN-AdS) black holes with generic Robin boundary conditions, by extending our earlier work of neutral Dirac QNMs on Schwarzschild-AdS black holes. We first derive the equations of motion for charged Dirac fields on a RN-AdS background. To solve these equations we impose a requirement on the Dirac field: that its energy flux should vanish at asymptotic infinity. A set of two Robin boundary conditions compatible with QNMs is consequently found. By employing both analytic and numeric methods, we then obtain the quasinormal spectrum for charged Dirac fields, and analyse the impact of various parameters, in particular of electric charge. An analytic calculation shows explicitly that the charge coupling between the black hole and the Dirac field does not trigger superradiant instabilities. Numeric calculations, on the other hand, show quantiatively that Dirac QNMs may change substantially due to the electric charge. Our results illustrate how vanishing energy flux boundary conditions, as a generic principle, are applicable not only to neutral but also to electrically charged fields.
description: 15 pages, 6 figures
Corn Ethanol Plant Investment and Divestment Decisions: A Real Options Approach
Creators: name: Secor, William
name: Boland, Michael A.
name: Secor, William
name: Boland, Michael A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: Agribusiness

description: This research attempts to explain the boom and bust of corn ethanol plants in the mid-2000s by analyzing the following question: Did investors use a simple investment approach that suggested it was wise to invest, while more complex techniques would have shown to wait? To answer this, the authors construct ethanol-corn gross trigger margins that tell investors when to invest in and plant owners when to mothball, reactivate, or sell an ethanol plant. These trigger margins are obtained using a net present value technique, a real options framework under the assumption that gross margins follow Geometric Brownian motion, and a real options framework under the assumption that gross margins follow a mean-reverting stochastic process. Trigger margins are then compared to actual ethanol-corn gross margins to determine which investment evaluation technique investors appeared to use. Using corn and ethanol price data during 1998-2008 and cost data for hypothetical ethanol plants, the authors find that investors seemed to follow the more complex real options framework assuming gross margins followed Geometric Brownian motion.
Mode-Coupling Model of Mott Gap Collapse in the Cuprates: Natural Phase Boundary for Quantum Critical Points
Creators: name: Markiewicz, R. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A simple antiferromagnetic approach to the Mott transition was recently shown to provide a satisfactory explanation for the Mott gap collapse with doping observed in photoemission experiments on electron-doped cuprates. Here this approach is extended in a number of ways. RPA, mode coupling (via self-consistent renormalization), and (to a limited extent) self-consistent Born approximation calculations are compared to assess the roles of hot-spot fluctuations and interaction with spin waves. When fluctuations are included, the calculation satisfies the Mermin-Wagner theorem, and the mean-field gap and transition temperature are replaced by pseudogap and onset temperature. The model is in excellent agreement with experiments on the doping dependence of both photoemission dispersion and magnetic properties. The magnetic phase terminates in a quantum critical point (QCP), with a natural phase boundary for this QCP arising from hot-spot physics. Since the resulting T=0 antiferromagnetic transition is controlled by a generalized Stoner factor, an ansatz is made of dividing the Stoner factor up into a material-dependent part, the bare susceptibility and a correlation-dependent part, the Hubbard U, which depends only weakly on doping. From the material dependent part of the interaction, it is possible to explain the striking differences between electron- and hole-doping, despite an approximate symmetry in the doping of the QCP. The slower divergence of the magnetic correlation length in hole doped cuprates may be an indication of more Mott-like physics.
description: This replaces cond-mat/0308469. 50 eps figures, revtex [Version 1 had included old file]
title: 01_1470
Creators: name: Wesley Baldwin, John
name: Baldwin, John W.
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: LaMOP
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris

description: L'ensemble de ces notes ont été crée par John Baldwin lors d'une de ses premières périodes de résidence à Paris. Ces documents comprennent tous les magistri qu’il avait pu rencontrer dans ses sources. Aux XIIème et XIIIème siècles, les universités n'existant pas encore, le titre de magister s'il évoque certainement une compétence n'est pas rattaché de façon systématique au passage par les écoles. De surcroît, les magistris sont le plus souvent désignés par leur seul prénom. La lecture de ces données est donc difficile et suppose un long travail pour tenter d'identifier un individu auquel on pourrait rattacher plusieurs mentions. John Baldwin avait donc renoncé à utiliser ces données pour donner un prolongement à sa magnifique étude sur les gradués d'université et leur emploi par les Capétiens et les Plantagenêts. Néanmoins, il a conservé ces données et elles sont potentiellement très utile dans le cadre de Studium, comme le sont toutes les mentions dans les volumes des Fasti Ecclesiae Gallicanae de chanoines portant ce titre de magister sans autres précisions. L'ampleur des dépouillements rend ces données très utiles et nous devons une grande reconnaissance à John Baldwin pour avoir pris la peine de faire photocopier ses fiches et de nous les avoir transmises amicalement.
Les données ainsi que les images des fiches sont accessibles sur le site Internet à l'adresse suivante : http://studium-baldwin.lamop.fr/.
Les transcriptions des fiches ont été effectuées par des étudiants de Paris 1 Panthéon - Sorbonne mais elles n'ont pas été corrigées par la suite.
description: Relation: https://lamop.hypotheses.org/
MOESM7 of Workforce requirements for comprehensive ischaemic stroke care in a developing country: the case of Saudi Arabia
Creators: name: Al-Senani, Fahmi
name: Salawati, Mohammad
name: AlJohani, Mohammed
name: Cuche, Matthieu
name: Ravest, Valeska Seguel
name: Eggington, Simon
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 7: Inpatient rehabilitation - number of new full-time equivalents and associated cost by year. Year-by-year results of staff requirements for inpatient rehabilitation services and estimated total cost.
Generation of lattice structures of optical vortices
Creators: name: Dreischuh, Alexander
name: Chervenkov, Sotir
name: Neshev, Dragomir
name: Paulus, Gerhard G.
name: Walther, Herbert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate experimentally the generation of square and hexagonal lattices of optical vortices and reveal their propagation in a saturable nonlinear medium. If the topological charges of the vortices are of the same sign the lattice exhibit rotation, while if alternative, we observe stable propagation of the structures. In the nonlinear medium the lattices induce periodic modulation of the refractive index. Diffraction of a probe beam by this nonlinearity-induced periodic structure is observed.
description: 8 pages, 6 figures, accepted JOSA B
Indirect Land Use Effects of Corn Ethanol in the U.S: Implications for the Conservation Reserve Program
Creators: name: Chen, Xiaoguang
name: Khanna, Madhu
name: Chen, Xiaoguang
name: Khanna, Madhu
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: Biofuels
subject: Conservation Reserve Program
subject: Maintenance Cost
subject: Grassland Conversion

description: We developed an integrated model of U.S agricultural and transportation sectors to examine the impacts of corn ethanol production on the reduction in CRP enrollment and grassland conversion during the period 2007-2012. We also examine the extent to which ethanol production raised the budgetary cost of maintaining the CRP program at the 2007 level. Our simulation analysis shows that by raising crop prices and increasing opportunity costs of marginal lands, corn ethanol production led to additional 1.6 million acres reduction in CRP enrollment and grassland conversion relative to a no-biofuel policy baseline scenario. In order to maintain the CRP enrollment at the 2007 levels, a net present value of government expenditure of $1.85 billion on reenrollment would be needed under the baseline scenario for the period 2007-2012. Government expenditure will increase to $2.07 billion with the booming of corn ethanol industry.
General Relativistic Electromagnetism and Particle Acceleration in Pulsar Polar Cap
Creators: name: Sakai, Nobuyuki
name: Shibata, Shinpei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We reconstruct a 3+1 formalism of general relativistic electromagnetism, and derive the equations of motion of charged particles in the pulsar magnetosphere, taking account of the inclination between the rotation axis and the magnetic axis. Apart from the previous works where space charge is evaluated by assuming the flow velocity being the light speed, we analyze particle motion in the polar cap, finding that gravity changes significantly its dynamics and the condition for acceleration.
description: 14 pages, 3 figures, aastex, errors corrected, accepted for publication in ApJ
Conversion of Shipping Fleets from Diesel to Compressed Natural Gas: A Real Options Analysis
Creators: name: Xian, Hui
name: Colson, Gregory J.
name: Karali, Berna
name: Wetzstein, Michael
name: Xian, Hui
name: Colson, Gregory J.
name: Karali, Berna
name: Wetzstein, Michael
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: Risk and Uncertainty
subject: Compressed Natural Gas (CNG)
subject: Diesel
subject: Energy Switch
subject: Real Options

description: This study incorporates Real Options to determine the conditions under which it would be profitable for a regional shipping company to consider CNG (Compressed Natural Gas) as opposed to conventional diesel for the heavy-duty truck fleets. Such analysis can avoid the shipping industry adopting alternative energies, which are feasible under net present value (NPV) but infeasible in terms of market conditions. Ultimately, given fuel price patterns, our model could indicate an optimal selection of fuels, which provides some guidelines for a regional heavy-duty truck fleet company to make fuel selections and policy implications for government incentives about alternative fuels.
Market access and child nutrition in a conflict environment
Creators: name: Darrouzet-Nardi, Amelia
name: Masters, William A.
name: Darrouzet-Nardi, Amelia
name: Masters, William A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: Health Economics and Policy
subject: child nutrition
subject: child health
subject: civil conflict
subject: seasonality
subject: market access

description: This paper tests uses nationally representative data from the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) to test whether a household’s market access, defined in terms of travel costs to the nearest town, facilitates resilience and reduces vulnerability to seasonal influences on child nutrition. The timing of a child’s birth has often been found to correlate with height, weight and other health outcomes, driven by exposure to seasonal fluctuations in diets and disease during sensitive periods of physiological development. Remoteness could mediate that relationship, leaving geographically isolated households especially vulnerable to seasonal fluctuations because they cannot easily buy and sell to smooth consumption, or access medical facilities when the health environment deteriorates. To complicate matters, the presence of nearby civil insecurity may make it physically unsafe to travel significant distances. Using the 2008 DHS survey of children born between 2002 and 2007, we find that birth season is closely linked to child weights but not heights, primarily in more remote areas. This finding contrasts sharply with household wealth, which is closely linked to child heights but not weights, and only in less remote areas. Conflicts do not appear to mediate the relationship, perhaps because recorded conflicts occur primarily near towns.
MOESM3 of Characterization, dietary habits and nutritional intake of omnivorous, lacto-ovo vegetarian and vegan runners â€“ a pilot study
Creators: name: Nebl, Josefine
name: Schuchardt, Jan
name: Wasserfurth, Paulina
name: Haufe, Sven
name: Eigendorf, Julian
name: Tegtbur, Uwe
name: Hahn, Andreas
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 3. Proportion of participants who did not reach the recommended dietary intake of minerals and vitamins. Dietary intake is depicted in addition to supplement intake.
Properties of Bc Mesons and Variational Constraints on their Masses
Creators: name: Akbar, Nosheen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Spectrum, radii, radial wave functions at origin, decay constants and momentum widths for radial and orbital excited $B_c$ mesons are derived within non-relativistic quark model framework through finding numerical solution of the Schrodinger equation by shooting method. Masses of orbitally excited states are derived with a more simpler method that is developed by combining the uncertainty and variational principles. Masses of $B_c$ mesons are also calculated by using Momentum widths. Besides calculations, theoretical results are compared with the experimental observations which have implications for scalar form factors and leptonic decays of $B_c$ mesons.
description: 10 pages, 4 figures
The cat, the child and the creator: the cat as character in twentieth century children's illustrated literature
Creators: name: Brookfield, Clare
Publisher: name: Loughborough University
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 89999 Information and Computing Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The cat, the child and the creator: the cat as character in twentieth century children's illustrated literature
Experimental auctions to evaluate incentives for cost-effective agricultural phosphorus abatement in the Great Lakes
Creators: name: Harris, Leah M.
name: Swinton, Scott M.
name: Shupp, Robert S.
name: Harris, Leah M.
name: Swinton, Scott M.
name: Shupp, Robert S.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: Environmental Economics and Policy
Land Economics/Use

description: Research on payments for environmental services (PES) largely focuses on two contract types – cost-share and annual stewardship payments. But other types of transactions, such as tax credits, green insurance, and price premiums tied to environmental stewardship certification, can also promote conservation. Using experimental conservation procurement auctions we evaluate farmers’ willingness to adopt agricultural best management practices (BMPs) that reduce phosphorus runoff from farm land in the Maumee watershed to help abate damaging algal blooms in western Lake Erie. We determine how bids change depending on the type of transaction offered (e.g. payment, payment with green BMP insurance, tax credit, price premium tied to stewardship certification) to identify cost-effective incentive mechanisms that reduce the most phosphorus runoff per dollar of payment. Two kinds of transactions were found to be less cost-effective: a price premium for product certification and PES with green insurance to protect against yield loss from BMP adoption. The certification price premium cannot spatially target conservation practices to vulnerable locations, so average impact per dollar of payment (and hence cost-effectiveness) is reduced. Green insurance is perceived to have high transaction costs so it elicits demand for higher payments, reducing its cost-effectiveness.
Competition in the Food Marketing Chain
Creators: name: Griffith, G.R.
name: Griffith, G.R.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: Whether or not the Australian food marketing chain is competitive, or conversely whether market power exists in the chain, has been an issue of concern to farmers and policy makers for most of this century. This concern has been more focussed in recent years due to the dismantling of marketing boards for food products, other aspects of microeconomic reform through the National Competition Policy process, the growing market shares of the major food retailers and the increasing number of merger proposals in the food processing and distribution sectors. The ACCC and National Competition Policy review teams are being required to adjudicate on merger and deregulation proposals respectively, but there is little evidence on the competitive structure of the food marketing chain to guide them in these decisions. In this paper I review some of the theoretical and empirical evidence to see if there are any general guidelines which could be applied to such policy decisions. I also examine the recent report of the Joint Select Committee on the Retailing Sector and the report of the Productivity Commission on the impacts of National Competition Policy on rural and regional Australia. Then I use publicly available data on several food groups to test whether any of these groups show evidence of persistent market power and hence suggest the need for more detailed case studies. The purchasing behaviour of the grains and oilseeds processing sector is found to warrant further attention. Some implications for the profession are then presented including aspects of a possible research agenda and a call for greater attention to the data needed for such analyses.
Topological Lensing in Spherical Spaces
Creators: name: Gausmann, Evelise
name: Lehoucq, Roland
name: Luminet, Jean-Pierre
name: Uzan, Jean-Philippe
name: Weeks, Jeffrey
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This article gives the construction and complete classification of all three-dimensional spherical manifolds, and orders them by decreasing volume, in the context of multiconnected universe models with positive spatial curvature. It discusses which spherical topologies are likely to be detectable by crystallographic methods using three-dimensional catalogs of cosmic objects. The expected form of the pair separation histogram is predicted (including the location and height of the spikes) and is compared to computer simulations, showing that this method is stable with respect to observational uncertainties and is well suited for detecting spherical topologies.
description: 32 pages, 26 figures
The ex post egalitarian manual for publishing the unpublishable
Creators: name: Bommier, Antoine
name: Schernberg, Hélène
Publisher: name: ETH Zurich
Year: 2024
Subjects: Evaluation of research
Peer-reviewed publication
Scholarly publishing
Fairness
Ex post egalitarianism
Health equity
Saving behavior
Retirement policy
info:eu-repo/classification/ddc/330
Economics

description: SSRN