cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
GS&E journal > Artificial Intelligence for Structural Glass Engineering Applications - Overview, Case Studies and Future Potentials
Creators: name: Kraus, Michael Anton
name: Drass, Michael
Publisher: name: Challenging Glass Conference Proceedings
Year: 2020

description: 'Big data' and the use of 'Artificial Intelligence' (AI) is currently advancing due to the increasing and even cheaper data collection and processing capabilities. Social and economical change is predicted by numerous company leaders, politicians and researchers. Machine and Deep Learning (ML/DL) are sub-types of AI, which are gaining high interest within the community of data scientists and engineers worldwide. Obviously, this global trend does not stop at structural glass engineering, so that, the first part of the present paper is concerned with introducing the basic theoretical frame of AI and its sub-classes of ML and DL while the specific needs and requirements for the application in a structural engineering context are highlighted. Then this paper explores potential applications of AI for different subjects within the design, verification and monitoring of façades and glass structures. Finally, the current status of research as well as successfully conducted industry projects by the authors are presented. The discussion of specific problems ranges from supervised ML in case of the material parameter identification of polymeric interlayers used in laminated glass or the prediction of cut-edge strength based on the process parameters of a glass cutting machine and prediction of fracture patterns of tempered glass to the application of computer vision DL methods to image classification of the Pummel test and the use of semantic segmentation for the detection of cracks at the cut edge of glass. In the summary and conclusion section, the main findings for the applicability and impact of AI for the presented structural glass research and industry problems are compiled. It can be seen that in many cases AI, data, software and computing resources are already available today to successfully implement AI projects in the glass industry, which is demonstrated by the many current examples mentioned. Future research directories however will need to concentrate on how to introduce further glass-specific theoretical and human expert knowledge in the AI training process on the one hand and on the other hand more pronunciation has to be laid on the thorough digitization of workflows associated with the structural glass problem at hand in order to foster the further use of AI within this domain in both research and industry.
description: Challenging Glass Conference Proceedings, Vol 7 (2020): Challenging Glass 7
Finite involutory quandles of two-bridge links with an axis
Creators: name: Mellor, Blake
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: To better understand the fundamental quandle of a knot or link, it can be useful to look at finite quotients of the quandle. One such quotient is the $n$-quandle (or, when $n=2$, the {\em involutory} quandle). Hoste and Shanahan \cite{HS2} gave a complete list of the links which have finite $n$-quandles; it remained to give explicit descriptions of these quandles. This has been done for several cases in \cite{CHMS} and \cite{HS1}; in the current work we continue this project and explicitly describe the Cayley graphs for the finite involutory quandles of two-bridge links with an axis.
description: 15 pages
Seismic applications of the Radon transform and a new second-order traveltime local transform
Creators: Ehsan Soleymani
Publisher: name: University of Alberta Library
Year: 2022

Radon transforms play an essential role in seismic data processing. They have been

extensively used to separate signals from coherent noise, reconstruct seismic data,

and estimate the arrival direction of waves impinging on arrays. This thesis focuses

on applying Radon transforms to seismic signal processing, including multiple

suppression, denoising and seismic data regularization.

After reviewing classical Radon transforms that operate on the full aperture of a seismic

gather, I propose a new local Radon transform parameterized by two adjustable

parameters. The proposed Radon transform is derived using a second-order Taylor

approximation of the re

ection traveltime around a central seismogram. The proposed

local Radon transform enables processing data composed of a superposition

of complex waveforms with spatially variant dips.
GS&E journal > Semantic Segmentation with Deep Learning: Detection of Cracks at the Cut Edge of Glass
Creators: name: Drass, Michael
name: Berthold, Hagen
name: Kraus, Michael Anton
name: Müller-Braun, Steffen
Publisher: name: Challenging Glass Conference Proceedings
Year: 2020

description: In this paper, artificial intelligence (AI) will be applied for the first time in the context of glass processing. The goal is to use an algorithm based on artificial intelligence to detect the fractured edge of a cut glass in order to generate a so-called mask image by AI. In the context of AI, this is a classical problem of semantic segmentation, in which objects (here the cut-edge of the cut glass) are automatically surrounded by the power of AI or detected and drawn. An original image of a cut glass edge is implemented into a deep neural net and processed in such a way that a mask image, i.e. an image of the cut edge, is automatically generated. Currently, this is only possible by manual tracing the cut-edge due to the fact that the crack contour of glass can sometimes only be recognized roughly. After manually marking the crack using an image processing program, the contour is then automatically evaluated further. AI and deep learning may provide the potential to automate the step of manual detection of the cut-edge of cut glass to great extent. In addition to the enormous time savings, the objectivity and reproducibility of detection is an important aspect, which will be addressed in this paper.
description: Challenging Glass Conference Proceedings, Vol 7 (2020): Challenging Glass 7
Characterization of Mycobacterium tuberculosis-specific Th22 cells and the effect of tuberculosis disease and HIV coinfection.
Creators: name: Makatsa, Mohau S
name: Omondi, F Millicent A
name: Bunjun, Rubina
name: Wilkinson, Robert J
name: Riou, Catherine
name: Burgers, Wendy A
Publisher: name: The Francis Crick Institute
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Model organisms
subject: Infectious Disease
subject: Human Biology & Physiology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: The development of a highly effective tuberculosis (TB) vaccine is likely dependent on our understanding of what constitutes a protective immune response to TB. Accumulating evidence suggests that CD4+ T cells producing IL-22, a distinct subset termed "Th22" cells, may contribute to protective immunity to TB. Thus, we characterized Mycobacterium tuberculosis-specific Th22 (and Th1 and Th17) cells in 72 people with latent TB infection or TB disease, with and without HIV-1 infection. We investigated the functional properties (IFN-γ, IL-22, and IL-17 production), memory differentiation (CD45RA, CD27, and CCR7), and activation profile (HLA-DR) of M. tuberculosis-specific CD4+ T cells. In HIV-uninfected individuals with latent TB infection, we detected abundant circulating IFN-γ-producing CD4+ T cells (median, 0.93%) and IL-22-producing CD4+ T cells (median, 0.46%) in response to M. tuberculosis The frequency of IL-17-producing CD4+ T cells was much lower, at a median of 0.06%. Consistent with previous studies, IL-22 was produced by a distinct subset of CD4+ T cells and not coexpressed with IL-17. M. tuberculosis-specific IL-22 responses were markedly reduced (median, 0.08%) in individuals with TB disease and HIV coinfection compared with IFN-γ responses. M. tuberculosis-specific Th22 cells exhibited a distinct memory and activation phenotype compared with Th1 and Th17 cells. Furthermore, M. tuberculosis-specific IL-22 was produced by conventional CD4+ T cells that required TCR engagement. In conclusion, we confirm that Th22 cells are a component of the human immune response to TB. Depletion of M. tuberculosis-specific Th22 cells during HIV coinfection may contribute to increased risk of TB disease.
Phase separation in the advective Cahn-Hilliard equation
Creators: name: Feng, Yu
name: Feng, Yuanyuan
name: Iyer, Gautam
name: Thiffeault, Jean-Luc
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Primary 76F25, Secondary 37A25, 76R50

description: The Cahn--Hilliard equation is a classic model of phase separation in binary mixtures that exhibits spontaneous coarsening of the phases. We study the Cahn--Hilliard equation with an imposed advection term in order to model the stirring and eventual mixing of the phases. The main result is that if the imposed advection is sufficiently mixing then no phase separation occurs, and the solution instead converges exponentially to a homogeneous mixed state. The mixing effectiveness of the imposed drift is quantified in terms of the dissipation time of the associated advection-hyperdiffusion equation, and we produce examples of velocity fields with a small dissipation time. We also study the relationship between this quantity and the dissipation time of the standard advection-diffusion equation.
description: 21 pages, 8 figures. v2: changes following referee reports
GS&E journal > A Novel Concept for a Reinforced Glass Beam Carrying Long Term Loads
Creators: name: Nielsen, Jens H.
name: Jónsson, Bjarni G.
name: Bedon, Chiara
Publisher: name: Challenging Glass Conference Proceedings
Year: 2020

description: This paper presents a novel concept for improving the long-term load-bearing performance of reinforced glass beams (hybrid beams). The concept of reinforcing glass beams using steel or other (ductile) materials have been investigated over the last couple of decades utilising the fracture pattern of annealed glass to ensure a ductile behaviour. However, it is well known that the long-term strength of annealed glass is rather low due to so-called static fatigue leading to a relatively poor performance for most hybrid-beams. As an example will a hybrid beam based on annealed glass exposed to 26 MPa permanent load fail in less than a day according to a European code. The novel concept suggested here utilises a combination of annealed and fully tempered glass in an arrangement where the tempered glass carries the long-term loading whereas short-term loading is carried by the reinforced annealed glass. The concept is based on the relaxation of shear stresses in the PVB (polyvinyl butyral) interlayer, material properties of PVB from different authors have been compared, and a set of average parameters have been suggested. The main purpose of the paper is to introduce the concepts and mechanisms of such beams and provide a basis for further optimisation.
description: Challenging Glass Conference Proceedings, Vol 7 (2020): Challenging Glass 7
Voices from a Fractured Landscape: Fracking, Senses of Place, and Risks in   Taranaki, Aotearoa New Zealand
Creators: Bettini, Anna
Publisher: name: University of Alberta Library
Year: 2022

Based in the rural region of Taranaki, Aotearoa New Zealand, this ethnographic study documents the senses of place and risks as variously experienced by members of the communities where hydraulic fracturing occurs. In New Zealand, hydraulic fracturing, or fracking, began in 1989, and approximately 100 operations have been undertaken in 39 wells in the Taranaki region alone. Taranaki is considered the center of oil and gas in the country and is simultaneously a region deeply pervaded by Māori history and values. Companies have established their presence through the years with well sites and production stations around residential areas and schools, and by often sharing land with dairy farms. When I arrived in the region in 2017, little to no ethnographic research had been conducted to understand the risks associated with the practice and the impacts involved with fracking in this area. Between 2017 and 2019, field visits were conducted, and data were collected using semi-structured and unstructured interviews and participant observation to record and understand the stories and voices of community members, farmers, engineers and workers in the oil and gas sector, Māori iwi and hapū members, environmental activists, and resource management and conservation experts. This dissertation presents their perspectives and the experiences around fracking, through a phenomenological lens, to investigate the changes in people’s senses of place and belonging.

This dissertation contributes to ethnographic studies focused on unveiling the risks and living conditions experienced by those living in fossil fuel-dependent regions, where new or unconventional extractive techniques occur. This analysis highlights social friction among members of the local community, families, and friends, impacts to sense of place, and the sense of anguish and disempowerment many feel when witnessing the changes in the surrounding environment.  
Instructional Strategies and Learning Technologies to Support Student Learning
Creators: Feist, Lynn G
Publisher: name: University of Alberta Library
Year: 2022

The use of learning technologies is prevalent in post-secondary education and can provide opportunities for learning in different ways (Bernardo & Duarte, 2020; Johnson etal., 2014). Integration of learning technologies requires an understanding of learning technologies within the context of “what it takes to learn” (Laurillard, 2009, p. 7) in a postsecondary environment.In this study, a generic qualitative research approach was used to explore instructional strategies and learning technologies instructors used in their teaching. Purposeful sampling was used to select 12 instructors teaching at a university in Alberta. Recorded interviews obtained in-depth information about the experiences of instructors. I used a self-reflexive journal to document my opinions and as a way to review and refine my research. Laurillard’s Conversational Framework (2009, 2013) was used as a theoretical framework. Data analysis identified themes pertinent to my research question and theoretical framework.Instructors used a variety of instructional strategies and learning technologies to present concepts to students, design opportunities for students to clarify their understanding of course concepts, and create engaging practice tasks. Instructors integrated learning technologies into their teaching in ways that recognized the benefits of learning technologies and non-technological strategies.A learning-centred framework was created to capture themes and included teacher and student conceptions, safe teaching and learning environments, learning technologies, and workload. I provided recommendations for university administrators, instructors, professional development leaders, and researchers and concluded with additional questions around policy and practice.
Accelerating Universe in Hybrid and Logarithmic Teleparallel Gravity
Creators: name: Mandal, Sanjay
name: Bhattacharjee, Snehasish
name: Pacif, S. K. J.
name: Sahoo, P. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Teleparallel gravity is a modified theory of gravity for which the Ricci scalar $R$ of the underlying geometry in the action is replaced by an arbitrary functional form of torsion scalar $T$. In doing so, cosmology in $% f(T)$ gravity becomes greatly simplified owing to the fact that $T$ contains only the first derivatives of the vierbeins. The article exploits this appealing nature of $f(T)$ gravity and present cosmological scenarios from hybrid and logarithmic teleparallel gravity models of the form $% f=e^{mT}T^n $ and $f=D\log(bT)$ respectively, where $m$, $n$, $D$ and $b$ are free parameters constrained to suffice the late time acceleration. We employ a well motivated parametrization of the deceleration parameter having just one degree of freedom constrained with a $χ^{2}$ test from 57 data points of Hubble data set in the redshift range $0.07
description: Accepted version at Physics of the Dark Universe
Leontodon tuberosus L.
Creators: name: Info Flora
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Asterales
Asteraceae
Leontodon
Leontodon tuberosus

description: Leontodon tuberosus L.
Art ISFS: 234500 Checklist: 1026460 Asteraceae Leontodon Leontodon tuberosus L.
Bestimmungsschlüssel
ZusammenfassungKEINE ANGABE
Ökologie
Lebensraum Lebensraumnach Delarze & al. 2015
KEINE ANGABE
Ökologische Zeigerwerte nach Landolt & al. (2010)
BodenfaktorenKlimafaktorenSalztoleranzFeuchtezahl F--Lichtzahl L--Salzzeichen--Reaktionszahl R--Temperaturzahl T--Nährstoffzahl N--Kontinentalitätszahl K--
Nomenklatur
Gültiger Name (Checklist 2017):Leontodon tuberosusL.
Volksname
Deutscher Name: -- Nom français: -- Nome italiano: --
Übereinstimmung mit anderen Referenzwerken
RelationNomReferenzwerkeNo=Leontodon tuberosus L.Index synonymique 1996234500=Leontodon tuberosus L.Landolt 19773259=Leontodon tuberosus L.SISF/ISFS 2234500
= Taxon stimmt mit akzeptiertem Taxon überein (Checklist 2017)  Taxon enthält (neben anderen) auch das akzeptierte Taxon (Checklist 2017)
Status Indigenat: -
Liste der gefährdeten Pflanzen IUCN(nach Walter & Gillett 1997): Nein
description: Published as part of Info Flora, 2021,
GS&E journal > Adhesion Rupture in Laminated Glass: Influence of Interfacial Adhesion on the Energy Dissipation Mechanisms
Creators: name: Fourton, Paul
name: Piroird, Keyvan
name: Ciccotti, Matteo
name: Barthel, Etienne
Publisher: name: Challenging Glass Conference Proceedings
Year: 2020

description: In laminated glass under impact, most of the energy dissipation occurs in the coupled delamination and deformation of the polymer interlayer. The strong dependency of these mechanisms on interlayer nature, on loading rate and on temperature is known: however, the effect of the interfacial adhesion is unexplored. In this work, a surface modification technique is proposed, along with a mechanical characterization of the debonding with the Through Crack Tensile Test. We show that changing adhesion mostly affects dissipation close to the delamination front, while dissipation in the volume of the PVB interlayer seems unaffected, which we attribute to the competition between the changes in both strain and strain rate in the viscoelastic interlayer. Finally, we discuss the experimental observation of the limits of the steady-state debonding regime, related to the competition between adhesive crack propagation and cohesive failure in the interlayer.
description: Challenging Glass Conference Proceedings, Vol 7 (2020): Challenging Glass 7
GS&E journal > Large Deflection Glass Facade in Typhoon Area: Taikoo Place 2 Podium Wall
Creators: name: De Mari, Giovanni
Publisher: name: Challenging Glass Conference Proceedings
Year: 2020

description: The case study presented is a 195 meters tall office tower with a raised podium made of full height glass panels, up to 15 meters high. The panels are only restrained by prestressed high-strength stainless-steel rods, lying entirely in the glass panel build-up, composed by four 12 mm thick plies, laminated with 1.52 mm thick sheets of ionoplast interlayer, with an overall thickness of approx. 52 mm. Due to the facade geometry and the high wind expected, movement joints between rods are introduced, allowing for differential movements to avoid peak stresses in the glass panels. Also, smooth transition between rod rectangular section at the interface with the glass panels to circular section at anchor points need to be ensured by CNC machining to avoid failure of the rod anchors due to fatigue. Sophisticated non-linear 3D FEM models had to be analyzed to predict glass stresses, differential movements to be accommodated by the joints and geometrical transition between rod sections. The main innovation of this facade was the use of prestressed rods in conjunction with jumbo size glass panels. As tension structures experience large movements, it was crucial to understand the effect of these deformations imposed by the rods onto the full height glass panels, analyzing steel and glass members together as a single facade entity. Furthermore, in contrast to typical cable wall facade where the prestressed elements (cables) are offset from the glass line, here the rods are located in the plane of the glass panels and completely flush with them, ensuring the thinnest possible build-up in relation to the large facade span. A rocking portal frame, moving together with the rods to avoid excessive warping in the glass panels, has been used as a solution to deal with the required opening in the facade. An additional complication was given by the high wind load (typhoon) applied on the facade which required rods’ prestress in the order of 1000 Kilonewton in order to limit glass stresses and deflections.
description: Challenging Glass Conference Proceedings, Vol 7 (2020): Challenging Glass 7
GS&E journal > Repositioning Messeturm – Maximum Transparency
Creators: name: Feirabend, Steffen
name: Straz, Florian
name: Bechmann, Roland
name: Kloker, Stefan
name: Eckardt, Peter
Publisher: name: Challenging Glass Conference Proceedings
Year: 2020

description: The Messeturm (“Trade Fair Tower”) in Frankfurt/Main is currently adjusted to the requirements of a modern office building. The lobby area has been enlarged by a highly transparent façade consisting of oversized insulating glass (IG) units. The IG units are curved and have a size of up to 17 m x 2.8 m. To obtain a perfectly curved façade, the IG units were fabricated with laminated cold-bended glass panes. Horizontally the IG units are supported by tapered stainless steel fins. Inclined steel beams connect the top of the façade fins with the tower structure creating a rounded roof. The vertical façade with its glass roof allows maximum transparency for people inside the lobby as well as for people passing by outside to the nearby trade fair grounds. The glass was fabricated by sedak. The façade was installed by seele on behalf of the owner OFFICEFIRST, the asset-management of Blackstone.
description: Challenging Glass Conference Proceedings, Vol 7 (2020): Challenging Glass 7
Variations on themes of Sato
Creators: name: Li, Wen-Wei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11S40 (Primary) 11S90 43A85 (Secondary)

description: In the first part of this article, we review a formalism of local zeta integrals attached to spherical reductive prehomogeneous vector spaces, which partially extends M. Sato's theory by incorporating the generalized matrix coefficients of admissible representations. We summarize the basic properties of these integrals such as the convergence, meromorphic continuation and an abstract functional equation. In the second part, we prove a generalization that accommodates certain non-spherical spaces. As an application, the resulting theory applies to the prehomogeneous vector space underlying Bhargava's cubes, which is also considered by F. Sato and Suzuki-Wakatsuki in their study of toric periods.
description: 27 pages. Based on a talk given on the First JNT Biennial Conference in Cetraro, 2019
GS&E journal > Investigating the flexural strength of recycled cast glass
Creators: name: Bristogianni, Telesilla
name: Oikonomopoulou, Faidra
name: Yu, Rong
name: Veer, Fred A.
name: Nijsse, Rob
Publisher: name: Challenging Glass Conference Proceedings
Year: 2020

description: Currently, tons of high quality commercial glass are down-cycled or landfilled due to contaminants that prevent close-loop recycling. Yet, this glass is potentially a valuable resource for casting robust and aesthetically unique building components. Exploring the potential of this idea, different types of non-recyclable silicate glasses are kiln-cast into 30*30*240mm beams, at relatively low temperatures (820 oC - 1120 oC). The defects occurring in the glass specimens due to cullet contamination and the high viscosity of the glass melt, are documented and correlated to the casting parameters. Then, the kiln-cast specimens and industrially manufactured reference beams are tested in four-point bending, obtaining a flexural strength range of 9-72MPa. The results are analysed according to the role of the chemical composition, level of contamination and followed casting parameters, in determining the flexural strength, the Young’s modulus and the prevailing strength-limiting flaw. Chemical compositions of favourable performance are highlighted, so as critical flaws responsible for a dramatic decrease in strength, up to 75%. The defects situated in the glass bulk, however, are tolerated by the glass network and have minor impact on flexural strength and Young’s modulus. The prerequisites for good quality recycled cast glass building components are identified and an outline for future research is provided.
description: Challenging Glass Conference Proceedings, Vol 7 (2020): Challenging Glass 7
Leucanthemella serotina Tzvelev
Creators: name: Info Flora
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Asterales
Asteraceae
Leucanthemella
Leucanthemella serotina

description: Leucanthemella serotina (L.) Tzvelev
Spätblühende Margerite
Art ISFS: 235900 Checklist: 1026590 Asteraceae Leucanthemella Leucanthemella serotina (L.) Tzvelev
Zusammenfassung
Artbeschreibung (nach Lauber & al. 2018): 50-150 cm hoch, sehr dicht beblättert. Blätter lanzettlich, ungeteilt, tief gesägt, drüsig punktiert. Köpfe 4-6 cm breit, lang gestielt, zu 2-8 in lockerer Doldentraube. Zungenblüten weiss. Frucht ohne Pappus.
Blütezeit (nach Lauber & al. 2018): 9-10
Standort und Verbreitung in der Schweiz M, J
Verbreitung global (nach Lauber & al. 2018): Südosteuropäisch
Ökologische Zeigerwerte (nach Landolt & al. 2010) 4w + 33-44 + 3.h
Ökologie
Lebensform Mehrjähriger Hemikryptophyt
Lebensraum Lebensraumnach Delarze & al. 2015
KEINE ANGABE
Ökologische Zeigerwerte nach Landolt & al. (2010)
BodenfaktorenKlimafaktorenSalztoleranzFeuchtezahl Fsehr feucht; Feuchtigkeit stark wechselnd (mehr als ± 2 Stufen)Lichtzahl LhellSalzzeichen--Reaktionszahl Rschwach sauer bis neutral (pH 4.5-7.5)Temperaturzahl Twarm-kollinNährstoffzahl Nmässig nährstoffarm bis mässig nährstoffreichKontinentalitätszahl Ksubozeanisch bis subkontinental (mittlere Luftfeuchtigkeit, mässige Temperaturschwankungen und mässig tiefe Wintertemperaturen)
Nomenklatur
Gültiger Name (Checklist 2017):Leucanthemella serotina(L.) Tzvelev
Volksname Deutscher Name: Spätblühende Margerite Nom français: Marguerite tardive
Nome italiano: --
Übereinstimmung mit anderen Referenzwerken
RelationNomReferenzwerkeNo=Leucanthemella serotina (L.) TzvelevChecklist 2017235900=Leucanthemella serotina (L.) TzvelevFlora Helvetica 20122130a=Leucanthemella serotina (L.) TzvelevFlora Helvetica 20182130a=Leucanthemella serotina (L.) TzvelevIndex synonymique 1996235900=Leucanthemella serotina (L.) TzvelevSISF/ISFS 2235900
= Taxon stimmt mit akzeptiertem Taxon überein (Checklist 2017)  Taxon enthält (neben anderen) auch das akzeptierte Taxon (Checklist 2017)
Status Indigenat: Neophyt: nach der Entdeckung von Amerika in der Region aufgetreten (nach 1500)
Liste der gefährdeten Pflanzen IUCN(nach Walter & Gillett 1997): Nein
description: Published as part of Info Flora, 2021,
Fabrication and Testing of Inkjet Printed Electrodes for Anion Exchange Membrane Water Electrolysis
Creators: Storbakken, Scott
Publisher: name: University of Alberta Library
Year: 2022

To study the relatively novel technology of anion exchange membrane (AEM) water electrolysis in a scientific manner, a controllable and repeatable electrode fabrication method is needed. While inkjet printing has been successfully used to fabricate electrodes for proton exchange membrane (PEM) water electrolyzers, it has not been used for fabricating AEM-based water electrolyzer electrodes. The drop-on-demand nature of inkjet printing allows for the precise control of the electrode fabrication process such that the electrode loadings may be precisely controlled. This work investigates the suitability of the inkjet printing method for fabricating electrodes for AEM-based water electrolysis.

Catalyst inks based upon Pt|C and IrOx were developed containing a commercially available anion conducting ionomer. The suitability of the catalyst inks for use with the inkjet printing method was analyzed using dynamic light scattering (DLS) and glass kinematic viscometers. The consistency of the inks, as determined from DLS, was improved by decreasing the wt.% of the ionomer solution used to produce the inks, and by adding a viscosity increasing additive (propylene glycol) to the catalyst ink slurry after the addition of the ionomer.

The developed catalyst inks were successfully used to produce and test AEM-based water electrolyzers with catalyst coated membrane (CCM) and catalyst coated substrate (CCS) cell architectures. While the loading normalized performance for the cells was found to be similar to those from literature at low operational currents, it was notably poorer at elevated currents. Using electrochemical impedance spectrometry (EIS) it was found that the cell resistances were similar to or even lower than those from literature. The lower cell performance was therefore hypothesized to be due to the relatively high anodic ionomer content used (15 wt.% compared to 7 wt.% used in literature). While it was found that the inkjet printing method is suitable for producing electrodes for AEM-based water electrolysis, further testing is required with anion conducting materials (membrane and ionomer) that are less prone to dimensional swelling due to water uptake to obtain cell-to-cell repeatability.
Ontologie computazionali, OWL/RDF e tecnologie collegate
Creators: name: Damiano, Rossana
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Web semantico
RDF
OWL
RDFS
Grafo
Triple
IRI
Linked Data
SPARQL
Vocabolario
Ontologie biomediche

description: Presentazione nell'ambito del Workshop "Open Science e FAIR Data per le Neuroscienze, Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Università di Torino, 6-7-9-15 giugno 2022, Focus su Neuroscienze e Neuroimmagini, Computational Phenotyping ("phenomics"), Malattie Rare". La presentazione affronta le tematiche relative a: Ontologie computazionali, OWL/RDF e tecnologie collegate. L’analisi dei dati di ricerca è uno dei passi fondamentali verso la riproducibilità e l’interoperabilità (FAIR), in quanto permette di strutturare l’informazione attraverso la definizione del Modello Semantico dei dati e delle Ontologie collegate. Vengono introdotti i concetti di Ontologia computazionale (OWL) e di codifica attraverso il modello RDF (Resource Description Framework), strumento che consente la definizione di dati strutturati e che garantisce l’interoperabilità semantica.
GS&E journal > Stone-Glass Curtain Wall – Designing an Outstanding Facade in NYC
Creators: name: Engelmann, Michael
name: Kübler, Andreas
name: Hirsch, Franz
Publisher: name: Challenging Glass Conference Proceedings
Year: 2020

description: The new World Trade Center complex in New York City rose up into the heights during the last decade. Nine new buildings including 1776 ft tall One WTC and Calatrava’s sculptural Oculus Station cover the 60,000 m 2 area in the world’s most outstanding construction site. One spot is still under construction and will host “The Ronald O. Perelman Performing Arts Center” – a new kind of multidisciplinary venue with an astonishing smooth facade made from exceptional stone-glass. The cube-shaped building is 49 m x 49 m wide and 42 m tall. A steel roof cantilevers from the inner core and holds hot-rolled steel mullions to carry the curtail wall. The total span is 36 m with one intermediate support only. This encloses a large area interior room for public events, arts and theatre performances. As a special feature, the whole building is covered with stone, in particular 4800 stoneglass insulating glass units grouped in aluminum cassettes carrying four glass panes each. The intention is to present a white four-sided landmark structure with distinguished black veining during the day and a glowing amber-like appearance at night when the interior of the building is illuminated. Stone-glass units have never been used in this scale. Standard PVB interlayers were not an option for the product as it cannot be laminated properly. Therefore, Josef Gartner accepted the challenge to design and build using alternative materials. The paper presents the project and its facade design. Numerous additional experimental assessments were conducted – from small scale quasi-static air pressure tests of the glass to full scale performance mock-up tests. Finally, a design process was developed that covers all critical demands of an incomparable project.
description: Challenging Glass Conference Proceedings, Vol 7 (2020): Challenging Glass 7
COVID-19 causes record decline in global CO2 emissions
Creators: name: Liu, Zhu
name: Ciais, Philippe
name: Deng, Zhu
name: Lei, Ruixue
name: Davis, Steven J.
name: Feng, Sha
name: Zheng, Bo
name: Cui, Duo
name: Dou, Xinyu
name: He, Pan
name: Zhu, Biqing
name: Lu, Chenxi
name: Ke, Piyu
name: Sun, Taochun
name: Wang, Yuan
name: Yue, Xu
name: Wang, Yilong
name: Lei, Yadong
name: Zhou, Hao
name: Cai, Zhaonan
name: Wu, Yuhui
name: Guo, Runtao
name: Han, Tingxuan
name: Xue, Jinjun
name: Boucher, Olivier
name: Boucher, Eulalie
name: Chevallier, Frederic
name: Wei, Yimin
name: Zhong, Haiwang
name: Kang, Chongqing
name: Zhang, Ning
name: Chen, Bin
name: Xi, Fengming
name: Marie, François
name: Zhang, Qiang
name: Guan, Dabo
name: Gong, Peng
name: Kammen, Daniel M.
name: He, Kebin
name: Schellnhuber, Hans Joachim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Economics (econ.GN)
subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The considerable cessation of human activities during the COVID-19 pandemic has affected global energy use and CO2 emissions. Here we show the unprecedented decrease in global fossil CO2 emissions from January to April 2020 was of 7.8% (938 Mt CO2 with a +6.8% of 2-σ uncertainty) when compared with the period last year. In addition other emerging estimates of COVID impacts based on monthly energy supply or estimated parameters, this study contributes to another step that constructed the near-real-time daily CO2 emission inventories based on activity from power generation (for 29 countries), industry (for 73 countries), road transportation (for 406 cities), aviation and maritime transportation and commercial and residential sectors emissions (for 206 countries). The estimates distinguished the decline of CO2 due to COVID-19 from the daily, weekly and seasonal variations as well as the holiday events. The COVID-related decreases in CO2 emissions in road transportation (340.4 Mt CO2, -15.5%), power (292.5 Mt CO2, -6.4% compared to 2019), industry (136.2 Mt CO2, -4.4%), aviation (92.8 Mt CO2, -28.9%), residential (43.4 Mt CO2, -2.7%), and international shipping (35.9Mt CO2, -15%). Regionally, decreases in China were the largest and earliest (234.5 Mt CO2,-6.9%), followed by Europe (EU-27 & UK) (138.3 Mt CO2, -12.0%) and the U.S. (162.4 Mt CO2, -9.5%). The declines of CO2 are consistent with regional nitrogen oxides concentrations observed by satellites and ground-based networks, but the calculated signal of emissions decreases (about 1Gt CO2) will have little impacts (less than 0.13ppm by April 30, 2020) on the overserved global CO2 concertation. However, with observed fast CO2 recovery in China and partial re-opening globally, our findings suggest the longer-term effects on CO2 emissions are unknown and should be carefully monitored using multiple measures.
Dark energy models from a parametrization of $H$: A comprehensive analysis and observational constraints
Creators: name: Pacif, S. K. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 83C15, 83F05

description: The presented paper is a comprehensive analysis of two dark energy (DE) cosmological models wherein exact solutions of the Einstein field equations (EFEs) are obtained in a model-independent way (or by cosmological parametrization). A simple parametrization of the Hubble parameter ($H$) is considered for the purpose in the flat Friedmann-Lemaitre-Robertson-Walker (FLRW) background. The parametrization of $H$ covers some known models for some specific values of the model parameters involved. Two models are of special interest which show the behavior of cosmological phase transition from the deceleration in the past to acceleration at late-times. The model parameters are constrained with $57$ points of Hubble datasets together with the $580$ points of Union $2.1$ compilation supernovae datasets and baryonic acoustic oscillation (BAO) datasets. With the constrained values of the model parameters, both the models are analyzed and compared with the standard $Λ$CDM model and showing nice fit to the datasets. Two different candidates of DE is considered, cosmological constant $% Λ$ and a general scalar field $ϕ$ and their dynamics are discussed on the geometrical base built. The geometrical and physical interpretations of the two models in consideration are discussed in details and the evolution of various cosmological parameters are shown graphically. The age of the Universe in both models are also calculated. Various cosmological parametrization schemes used in the past few decades to find exact solutions of the EFEs are also summarized at the end which can serve as a unified reference for the readers.
description: 28 pages and 22 figures
GS&E journal > Study on the optical quality and strength of glass edges after the grinding and polishing process
Creators: name: Bukieda, Paulina
name: Lohr, Katharina
name: Meiberg, Jens
name: Weller, Bernhard
Publisher: name: Challenging Glass Conference Proceedings
Year: 2020

description: Glass edges result from cutting glass sheets and a further optional finishing. The mechanical interference into the brittle material glass causes flaws and cracks at the edge surface. Those defects have an influence on the strength of the whole glazing. Within the scope of a research project at the Institute of Building Construction from the Technische Universität Dresden, the grinding and polishing process is examined in terms of characteristic visible effects on the glass edge and the edge strength. Thereby a special focus of the research project is the impact of various polishing cup wheels for the chamfer surface of annealed glass. The article presents some basics about the processing steps of glass edges surfaces, introduces the considered grinding and polishing cup wheels and gives an overview of the performed experimental examinations. A microscopic analysis enables a characterisation of typical defects at the surfaces. Furthermore, four-point bending tests are performed to determine the bending tensile stresses at failure. The combination of both methods enables an analysis of the fracture-causing defect before destruction and a correlation between the optical surface quality and the bending tensile stresses. Additionally, the microscopy could be used to support the adjustment of a grinding machine and control reproducible edge qualities. The evaluation shows that a special development of polishing cup wheels for the chamfer can improve the surface quality and consequently increases the edge strength.
description: Challenging Glass Conference Proceedings, Vol 7 (2020): Challenging Glass 7
The limit empirical spectral distribution of Gaussian monic complex matrix polynomials
Creators: name: Barbarino, Giovanni
name: Noferini, Vanni
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60B20, 15B52, 15A15, 65F15, 65F20

description: We define the empirical spectral distribution (ESD) of a random matrix polynomial with invertible leading coefficient, and we study it for complex $n \times n$ Gaussian monic matrix polynomials of degree $k$. We obtain exact formulae for the almost sure limit of the ESD in two distinct scenarios: (1) $n \rightarrow \infty$ with $k$ constant and (2) $k \rightarrow \infty$ with $n$ constant. The main tool for our approach is the replacement principle by Tao, Vu and Krishnapur. Along the way, we also develop some auxiliary results of potential independent interest: we slightly extend a result by Bürgisser and Cucker on the tail bound for the norm of the pseudoinverse of a non-zero mean matrix, and we obtain several estimates on the singular values of certain structured random matrices.
description: 21 pages, 2 figures
GS&E journal > Mechanical analysis and characterization of IGUs with different silicone sealed spacer connections - Part 1: experiments
Creators: name: Bedon, Chiara
name: Amadio, Claudio
Publisher: name: Challenging Glass Conference Proceedings
Year: 2020

description: Due to several advantages, insulated glass units (IGUs) are largely used in buildings to realize curtain walls, vertical partitions but also roofs or pedestrian systems. The typical IGU consists of two glass layers, either monolithic and/or laminated sections, that can mechanically interact via an hermetically-sealed air (or gas) cavity between them. As known, load sharing phenomena have a crucial effect on the actual mechanical response of a given IGU. Accordingly, simplified analytical methods are available in the literature to account for these load sharing effects. The existing approaches, however, assume that the spacers providing the mechanical connection along the edges of glass panels are infinitely rigid. In this paper, original experimental tests are proposed for IGU specimens characterized by the presence of different types of spacer connections, as obtained from on a selection of configurations of technical interest. The actual mechanical contribution of spacer components is then investigated, giving evidence of major findings from small-scale shear and IGU four-point bending tests. Based on comparative test observations, the edge connection efficiency is then assessed for the investigated configurations.
description: Challenging Glass Conference Proceedings, Vol 7 (2020): Challenging Glass 7
Smooth Distribution Function Estimation for Lifetime Distributions using Szasz-Mirakyan Operators
Creators: name: Hanebeck, Ariane
name: Klar, Bernhard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper, we introduce a new smooth estimator for continuous distribution functions on the positive real half-line using Szasz-Mirakyan operators, similar to Bernstein's approximation theorem. We show that the proposed estimator outperforms the empirical distribution function in terms of asymptotic (integrated) mean-squared error, and generally compares favourably with other competitors in theoretical comparisons. Also, we conduct the simulations to demonstrate the finite sample performance of the proposed estimator.
description: Small typo in Theorem 10: Now -1/12 instead of +1/12 in the term of order $m^{-1}$
Carbon Monitor: a near-real-time daily dataset of global CO2 emission from fossil fuel and cement production
Creators: name: Liu, Zhu
name: Ciais, Philippe
name: Deng, Zhu
name: Davis, Steven J.
name: Zheng, Bo
name: Wang, Yilong
name: Cui, Duo
name: Zhu, Biqing
name: Dou, Xinyu
name: Ke, Piyu
name: Sun, Taochun
name: Guo, Rui
name: Boucher, Olivier
name: Breon, Francois-Marie
name: Lu, Chenxi
name: Guo, Runtao
name: Boucher, Eulalie
name: Chevallier, Frederic
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: General Economics (econ.GN)
subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: We constructed a near-real-time daily CO2 emission dataset, namely the Carbon Monitor, to monitor the variations of CO2 emissions from fossil fuel combustion and cement production since January 1st 2019 at national level with near-global coverage on a daily basis, with the potential to be frequently updated. Daily CO2 emissions are estimated from a diverse range of activity data, including: hourly to daily electrical power generation data of 29 countries, monthly production data and production indices of industry processes of 62 countries/regions, daily mobility data and mobility indices of road transportation of 416 cities worldwide. Individual flight location data and monthly data were utilised for aviation and maritime transportation sectors estimates. In addition, monthly fuel consumption data that corrected for daily air temperature of 206 countries were used for estimating the emissions from commercial and residential buildings. This Carbon Monitor dataset manifests the dynamic nature of CO2 emissions through daily, weekly and seasonal variations as influenced by workdays and holidays, as well as the unfolding impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic. The Carbon Monitor near-real-time CO2 emission dataset shows a 7.8% decline of CO2 emission globally from Jan 1st to Apr 30th in 2020 when compared with the same period in 2019, and detects a re-growth of CO2 emissions by late April which are mainly attributed to the recovery of economy activities in China and partial easing of lockdowns in other countries. Further, this daily updated CO2 emission dataset could offer a range of opportunities for related scientific research and policy making.
GS&E journal > Double ring bending tests on heat pretreated soda–lime silicate glass
Creators: name: Schwind, Gregor
name: Blücher, Fabian Von
name: Drass, Michael
name: Schneider, Jens
Publisher: name: Challenging Glass Conference Proceedings
Year: 2020

description: The strength of glass plays an important role in the dimensioning of glass components in the building industry. Here, not only parameters such as support conditions, loading rate, relative humidity etc. play an important role, but the damage by means of scratches also determines the fracture strength of glass. A heat treatment after damaging may have an influence on the resulting glass strength. The correlation between heat treatment temperature, and in particular elevated temperatures up to the glass transition temperature, and fracture stress has been studied by different researchers with several approaches of pre-treatment of specimens and test setups. This paper methodically presents various preliminary investigations which were carried out within the framework of the pre-treatment of the samples in order to investigate the influence of heat treatment of the pre-damaged samples on the fracture stress. For this purpose, double ring bending tests were performed at room temperature on pre-damaged, heat-treated soda–lime silicate glass specimens. The aim of the investigations is to obtain estimates of the extent to which a heat treatment prior to the strength test influences the fracture strength of soda–lime silicate glass. Parameters like the heat treatment temperature, the dwell time of the samples inside the furnace and the furnace design were considered. The results show that the heat treatment can increase the fracture stress of soda–lime silicate glass as float glass significant due to an assumed healing of the pre-damage during heat treatment.
description: Challenging Glass Conference Proceedings, Vol 7 (2020): Challenging Glass 7