cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
A novel quantitative inverse scattering scheme using interior resonant modes
Creators: name: He, Youzi
name: Liu, Hongyu
name: Wang, Xianchao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 35R30, 35P25, 35P10, 49M15

description: This paper is devoted to a novel quantitative imaging scheme of identifying impenetrable obstacles in time-harmonic acoustic scattering from the associated far-field data. The proposed method consists of two phases. In the first phase, we determine the interior eigenvalues of the underlying unknown obstacle from the far-field data via the indicating behaviour of the linear sampling method. Then we further determine the associated interior eigenfunctions by solving a constrained optimization problem, again only involving the far-field data. In the second phase, we propose a novel iteration scheme of Newton's type to identify the boundary surface of the obstacle. By using the interior eigenfunctions determined in the first phase, we can avoid computing any direct scattering problem at each Newton's iteration. The proposed method is particularly valuable for recovering a sound-hard obstacle, where the Newton's formula involves the geometric quantities of the unknown boundary surface in a natural way. We provide rigorous theoretical justifications of the proposed method. Numerical experiments in both 2D and 3D are conducted, which confirm the promising features of the proposed imaging scheme. In particular, it can produce quantitative reconstructions of high accuracy in a very efficient manner.
description: 19 pages
Nucleation at finite temperature: a gauge-invariant, perturbative framework
Creators: name: Löfgren, Johan
name: Ramsey-Musolf, Michael J.
name: Schicho, Philipp
name: Tenkanen, Tuomas V. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a gauge-invariant framework for bubble nucleation in theories with radiative symmetry breaking at high temperature. As a procedure, this perturbative framework establishes a practical, gauge-invariant computation of the leading order nucleation rate, based on a consistent power counting in the high-temperature expansion. In model building and particle phenomenology, this framework has applications such as the computation of the bubble nucleation temperature and the rate for electroweak baryogenesis and gravitational wave signals from cosmic phase transitions.
description: 6 pages, 1 figure, updated funding information for v2
Time-delay and reality conditions for complex solitons
Creators: name: Cen, Julia
name: Correa, Francisco
name: Fring, Andreas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compute lateral displacements and time-delays for a scattering processes of complex multi-soliton solutions of the Korteweg de-Vries equation.The resulting expressions are employed to explain the precise distinction between solutions obtained from different techniques, Hirota's direct method and a superposition principle based on Baecklund transformations. Moreover they explain the internal structures of degenerate compound multi-solitons previously constructed. Their individual one-soliton constituents are time-delayed when scattered amongst each other. We present generic formulae for these time-dependent displacements. By recalling Gardner's transformation method for conserved charges, we argue that the structure of the asymptotic behaviour resulting from the integrability of the model together with its PT-symmetry ensure the reality of all of these charges, including in particular the mass, the momentum and the energy.
description: 18 pages, 4 figures
Raymond and instantons: some recollections and the use of ADHM
Creators: name: Altes, Chris P. Korthals
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: History and Philosophy of Physics (physics.hist-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: After the discovery of the BRST identities in 1974 Raymond spent some two years mostly on instantons. In those years we had a small group at the Centre Physique Théorique in Marseille discussing the physics and mathematics of instantons. The upshot of our discussions can be found in a set of lectures given by Raymond in Erice in 1977 and a year later in a Physics Reports volume. I present some recollections of that period; mostly how we were influenced by the twistor approach. I discuss the Atiyah-Drinfeld-Hitchin-Manin (ADHM) method to obtain instantons ("calorons") in thermal QCD following earlier work. The building blocks are a prepotential and a gauge invariant propagator. Then I will give surprisingly simple results in terms of these building blocks for the one loop vacuum response to a change in caloron parameters and some physical consequences for the effective action, in particular screening properties.
description: 20 pages, two figures
On Convergence of Tracking Differentiator with Multiple Stochastic Disturbances
Creators: name: Wu, Ze-Hao
name: Zhou, Hua-Cheng
name: Guo, Bao-Zhu
name: Deng, Feiqi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper, the convergence and noise-tolerant performance of a tracking differentiator in the presence of multiple stochastic disturbances are investigated for the first time. We consider a quite general case where the input signal is corrupted by additive colored noise, and the tracking differentiator itself is disturbed by additive colored noise and white noise. It is shown that the tracking differentiator tracks the input signal and its generalized derivatives in mean square and even in almost sure sense when the stochastic noise affecting the input signal is vanishing. Some numerical simulations are performed to validate the theoretical results.
Snake net and balloon force with a neural network for detecting multiple phases
Creators: name: Sun, Xiaodong
name: Yang, Huijiong
name: Wu, Nan
name: Scott, T. C.
name: Zhang, Jie
name: Zhang, Wanzhou
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Unsupervised machine learning applied to the study of phase transitions is an ongoing and interesting research direction. The active contour model, also called the snake model, was initially proposed for target contour extraction in two-dimensional images. In order to obtain a physical phase diagram, the snake model with an artificial neural network is applied in an unsupervised learning way by the authors of [Phys.Rev.Lett. 120, 176401(2018)]. It guesses the phase boundary as an initial snake and then drives the snake to convergence with forces estimated by the artificial neural network. In this paper, we extend this unsupervised learning method with one contour to a snake net with multiple contours for the purpose of obtaining several phase boundaries in a phase diagram. For the classical Blume-Capel model, the phase diagram containing three and four phases is obtained. Moreover, to overcome the limitations of the initial position and speed up the movement of the snake, the balloon force decaying with the iteration steps is introduced and applied to the snake net structure. Our method is helpful in determining the phase diagram with multiple phases, using just snapshots of configurations from cold atoms or other experiments without knowledge of the phases.
description: 13 pages, 15 figures, submitted to PRE
Sisyphus Laser Cooling of a Polyatomic Molecule
Creators: name: Kozyryev, Ivan
name: Baum, Louis
name: Matsuda, Kyle
name: Augenbraun, Benjamin L.
name: Anderegg, Loic
name: Sedlack, Alexander P.
name: Doyle, John M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We perform magnetically-assisted Sisyphus laser cooling of the triatomic free radical strontium monohydroxide (SrOH). This is achieved with principal optical cycling in the rotationally closed $P\left(N"=1\right)$ branch of either the $\tilde{X}^{2}Σ^{+}\left(000\right)\leftrightarrow\tilde{A}^{2}Π_{1/2}\left(000\right)$ or the $\tilde{X}^{2}Σ^{+}\left(000\right)\leftrightarrow\tilde{B}^{2}Σ^{+}\left(000\right)$ vibronic transitions. Molecules lost into the excited vibrational states during the cooling process are repumped back through the $\tilde{B}\left(000\right)$ state for both the $\left(100\right)$ level of the Sr-O stretching mode and the $\left(02^{0}0\right)$ level of the bending mode. The transverse temperature of a SrOH molecular beam is reduced in one dimension by two orders of magnitude to $\sim700\ {\rm μK}$. This approach opens a path towards creating a variety of ultracold polyatomic molecules, including much larger ones, by means of direct laser cooling.
Complex-amplitude Fourier single-pixel imaging via coherent structured illumination
Creators: name: Zhao, Ya-Nan
name: Hou, Hong-Yun
name: Han, Jia-Cheng
name: Cao, De-Zhong
name: Zhang, Su-Heng
name: Liu, Hong-Chao
name: Liang, Bao-Lai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: We propose a method of complex-amplitude Fourier single-pixel imaging (CFSI) with coherent structured illumination to acquire both the amplitude and phase of an object. In the proposed method, an object is illustrated by a series of coherent structured light fields which are generated by a phase-only spatial light modulator, the complex Fourier spectrum of the object can be acquired sequentially by a single-pixel photodetector. Then the desired complex-amplitude image can be retrieved directly by applying an inverse Fourier transform. We experimentally implemented this CFSI with several different types of objects. The experimental results show that the proposed method provides a promising complex-amplitude imaging approach with high quality and a stable configuration. Thus, it might find broad applications in optical metrology and biomedical science.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures
Mehr als Koordination: Analyse des Brand Images von Sensopro
Creators: name: Zimmermann, Nicole
Publisher: name: Hochschule für Angewandte Psychologie FHNW
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Markenbild
subject: Markenassoziationen
subject: 150 - Psychologie
subject: 650 - Management

description: Eine Marke ist mehr als die Kennzeichnung eines Unternehmens. Sie dient Personen als Orientierungshilfe und schafft für Unternehmen Wert. Wie eine Marke tatsächlich wahrgenommen wird, kann sich davon unterscheiden, wie sie sich selbst sieht und positioniert. Die Bachelorarbeit untersucht deshalb, wie die Zielgruppen Physiotherapie, Fitnesscenter und Private die Marke Sensopro wahrnehmen. Dazu wurden Messmethoden aus dem kognitiven und sozialpsychologischen Erklärungsansatz von Marken eingesetzt. Mithilfe der Daten aus der online Umfrage (qualitative und quantitative Ansätze) wurden die Markenassoziationen, ein semantisches Differential sowie die Brand Relationship der Zielgruppen zur Marke Sensopro untersucht. Als Grundlage für den Umfrageteil zur Brand Relationship dienten die «Brand Relationship Scale» nach Veloutsou (2007) sowie die «Brand Relationship Quality» nach Fournier (2009). An der Umfrage nahmen N=202 Personen (Teilstichproben Physiotherapie n=106, Fitnesscenter n=75, Private n=21). Die zentralen Ergebnisse zeigen mehrere Überschneidungen der Markenassoziationen zwischen den Zielgruppen. In den drei häufigsten Markenassoziationen aller Teilstichproben sind «Spass» und «Gleichgewicht» enthalten. In den Teilstichproben Physiotherapie und Fitnesscenter wird am stärksten «Koordination» assoziiert, bei der Zielgruppe der Privaten «Cooles Gerät». Die Beziehung zur Marke Sensopro wird tendenziell als positiv eingeschätzt. Die Teilstichproben sind interessiert daran, wie sich Sensopro entwickelt und fühlen sich gut aufgehoben. Die Ergebnisse deuten ausserdem darauf hin, dass es den Teilnehmer:innen schwer fiel, die Marke zu personifizieren und mit der Marke Sensopro primär ihre Produkte verbinden.
Schrodinger dynamics and Berry phase of undulatory locomotion
Creators: name: Cohen, Alexander E.
name: Hastewell, Alasdair D.
name: Pradhan, Sreeparna
name: Flavell, Steven W.
name: Dunkel, Jorn
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Spectral mode representations play an essential role in various areas of physics, from quantum mechanics to fluid turbulence, but they are not yet extensively used to characterize and describe the behavioral dynamics of living systems. Here, we show that mode-based linear models inferred from experimental live-imaging data can provide an accurate low-dimensional description of undulatory locomotion in worms, centipedes, robots, and snakes. By incorporating physical symmetries and known biological constraints into the dynamical model, we find that the shape dynamics are generically governed by Schrodinger equations in mode space. The eigenstates of the effective biophysical Hamiltonians and their adiabatic variations enable the efficient classification and differentiation of locomotion behaviors in natural, simulated, and robotic organisms using Grassmann distances and Berry phases. While our analysis focuses on a widely studied class of biophysical locomotion phenomena, the underlying approach generalizes to other physical or living systems that permit a mode representation subject to geometric shape constraints.
description: title change; additional section and figure on time-dependent effective Hamiltonians and Berry phases; additional biological examples; new numerical analysis added to the SI
Sharp decay for Teukolsky equation in Kerr spacetimes
Creators: name: Ma, Siyuan
name: Zhang, Lin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35Q75, 58K55, 58J45, 83C50, 83C60

description: In this work, we derive the global sharp decay, as both a lower and an upper bounds, for the spin $\pm \mathfrak{s}$ components, which are solutions to the Teukolsky equation, in the black hole exterior and on the event horizon of a slowly rotating Kerr spacetime. These estimates are generalized to any subextreme Kerr background under an integrated local energy decay estimate. Our results apply to the scalar field $(\mathfrak{s}=0)$, the Maxwell field $(\mathfrak{s}=1)$ and the linearized gravity $(\mathfrak{s}=2)$ and confirm the Price's law decay that is conjectured to be sharp. Our analyses rely on a novel global conservation law for the Teukolsky equation, and this new approach can be applied to derive the precise asymptotics for solutions to semilinear wave equations.
description: The published version
Exact Hopfion Vortices in a 3D Heisenberg Ferromagnet
Creators: name: Balakrishnan, Radha
name: Dandoloff, Rossen
name: Saxena, Avadh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We find exact static soliton solutions for the unit spin vector field of an inhomogeneous, anisotropic three-dimensional Heisenberg ferromagnet. Each soliton is labeled by two integers $n$ and $m$. It is a (modified) skyrmion in the $z=0$ plane with winding number $n$, which twists out of the plane $m$ times in the $z$-direction to become a 3D soliton. Here $m$ arises due to the periodic boundary condition at the $z$-boundaries. We use Whitehead's integral expression to find that the Hopf invariant of the soliton is an integer $H =nm$. It represents a hopfion vortex. Plots of the preimages of this topological soliton show that they are either unknots or nontrivial knots, depending on $n$ and $m$. Any pair of preimage curves links $H$ times, corroborating the interpretation of $H$ as a linking number. We also calculate the exact energy of the hopfion vortex, and show that its topological lower bound has a sublinear dependence on $H$. Using Derrick's scaling analysis, we demonstrate that the presence of a spatial inhomogeneity in the anisotropic interaction, which in turn introduces a characteristic length scale in the system, leads to the stability of the hopfion vortex.
description: 6 pages, 2 figures
Inverse problems for mean field games
Creators: name: Liu, Hongyu
name: Mou, Chenchen
name: Zhang, Shen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The theory of mean field games studies the limiting behaviors of large systems where the agents interact with each other in a certain symmetric way. The running and terminal costs are critical for the agents to decide the strategies. However, in practice they are often partially known or totally unknown for the agents, while the total cost is known at the end of the game. To address this challenging issue, we propose and study several inverse problems for mean field games. When the Lagrangian is a kinetic energy, we first establish unique identifiability results, showing that one can recover either the running cost or the terminal cost from knowledge of the total cost. If the running cost is limited to the time-independent class, we can further prove that one can simultaneously recover both the running and the terminal costs. Finally, we extend the results to the setup with general Lagrangians.
description: 26 pages and comments are welcome
A guide to the Choquard equation
Creators: name: Moroz, Vitaly
name: Van Schaftingen, Jean
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35Q55, 35R09, 35J91

description: We survey old and recent results dealing with the existence and properties of solutions to the Choquard type equations $$ -Δu + V(x)u = \bigl(|x|^{-(N-α)} * |u|^p\bigr)|u|^{p - 2} u \qquad \text{in $\mathbb{R}^N$}, $$ and some of its variants and extensions.
description: 39 pages
The 26 December 2001 Solar Event Responsible for GLE63. I. Observations of a Major Long-Duration Flare with the Siberian Solar Radio Telescope
Creators: name: Grechnev, V. V.
name: Kochanov, A. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Ground Level Enhancements (GLEs) of cosmic-ray intensity occur, on average, once a year. Due to their rareness, studying the solar sources of GLEs is especially important to approach understanding their origin. The SOL2001-12-26 eruptive-flare event responsible for GLE63 seems to be challenging in some aspects. Deficient observations limited its understanding. Analysis of extra observations found for this event provided new results shading light on the flare. This article addresses the observations of this flare with the Siberian Solar Radio Telescope (SSRT). Taking advantage of its instrumental characteristics, we analyze the detailed SSRT observations of a major long-duration flare at 5.7 GHz without cleaning the images. The analysis confirms that the source of GLE63 was associated with an event in active region 9742 that comprised two flares. The first flare (04:30-05:03 UT) reached a GOES importance of about M1.6. Two microwave sources were observed, whose brightness temperatures at 5.7 GHz exceeded 10 MK. The main flare, up to the M7.1 importance, started at 05:04 UT, and occurred in strong magnetic fields. The observed microwave sources reached about 250 MK. They were not static. Having appeared on the weaker-field periphery of the active region, the microwave sources moved toward each other nearly along the magnetic neutral line, approaching a stronger-field core of the active region, and then moved away from the neutral line like expanding ribbons. These motions rule out an association of the non-thermal microwave sources with a single flaring loop.
description: 23 pages, 7 figures. Accepted for publication in Solar Physics
mPLUG: Effective and Efficient Vision-Language Learning by Cross-modal Skip-connections
Creators: name: Li, Chenliang
name: Xu, Haiyang
name: Tian, Junfeng
name: Wang, Wei
name: Yan, Ming
name: Bi, Bin
name: Ye, Jiabo
name: Chen, Hehong
name: Xu, Guohai
name: Cao, Zheng
name: Zhang, Ji
name: Huang, Songfang
name: Huang, Fei
name: Zhou, Jingren
name: Si, Luo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Large-scale pretrained foundation models have been an emerging paradigm for building artificial intelligence (AI) systems, which can be quickly adapted to a wide range of downstream tasks. This paper presents mPLUG, a new vision-language foundation model for both cross-modal understanding and generation. Most existing pre-trained models suffer from the problems of low computational efficiency and information asymmetry brought by the long visual sequence in cross-modal alignment. To address these problems, mPLUG introduces an effective and efficient vision-language architecture with novel cross-modal skip-connections, which creates inter-layer shortcuts that skip a certain number of layers for time-consuming full self-attention on the vision side. mPLUG is pre-trained end-to-end on large-scale image-text pairs with both discriminative and generative objectives. It achieves state-of-the-art results on a wide range of vision-language downstream tasks, such as image captioning, image-text retrieval, visual grounding and visual question answering. mPLUG also demonstrates strong zero-shot transferability when directly transferred to multiple video-language tasks.
On semi-invariants of filtered representations of quivers and the cotangent bundle of the enhanced Grothendieck-Springer resolution
Creators: name: Im, Mee Seong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We introduce the notion of filtered representations of quivers, which is related to usual quiver representations, but is a systematic generalization of conjugacy classes of $n\times n$ matrices to (block) upper triangular matrices up to conjugation by invertible (block) upper triangular matrices. With this notion in mind, we describe the ring of invariant polynomials for interesting families of quivers, namely, finite $ADE$-Dynkin quivers and affine type $\widetilde{A}$-Dynkin quivers. We then study their relation to an important and fundamental object in representation theory called the Grothendieck-Springer resolution, and we conclude by stating several conjectures, suggesting further research.
description: Author's dissertation
Flowdown of the TMT astrometry error budget(s) to the IRIS design
Creators: name: Schoeck, Matthias
name: Andersen, David
name: Rogers, John
name: Ellerbroek, Brent
name: Chisholm, Eric
name: Dunn, Jennifer
name: Herriot, Glen
name: Larkin, James
name: Moore, Anna
name: Suzuki, Ryuji
name: Wincentsen, James
name: Wright, Shelley
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: TMT has defined the accuracy to be achieved for both absolute and differential astrometry in its top-level requirements documents. Because of the complexities of different types of astrometric observations, these requirements cannot be used to specify system design parameters directly. The TMT astrometry working group therefore developed detailed astrometry error budgets for a variety of science cases. These error budgets detail how astrometric errors propagate through the calibration, observing and data reduction processes. The budgets need to be condensed into sets of specific requirements that can be used by each subsystem team for design purposes. We show how this flowdown from error budgets to design requirements is achieved for the case of TMT's first-light Infrared Imaging Spectrometer (IRIS) instrument.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures. Proceeding of SPIE, Astronomical Telescopes and Instrumentation 2016
Theoretical Development and Numerical Validation of an Asymmetric Linear Bilateral Control Model- Case Study for an Automated Truck Platoon
Creators: name: Salek, M Sabbir
name: Chowdhury, Mashrur
name: Rahman, Mizanur
name: Dey, Kakan
name: Islam, Md Rafiul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: In this paper, we theoretically develop and numerically validate an asymmetric linear bilateral control model (LBCM). The novelty of the asymmetric LBCM is that using this model all the follower vehicles in a platoon can adjust their acceleration and deceleration to closely follow a constant desired time gap to improve platoon operational efficiency while maintaining local and string stability. We theoretically analyze the local stability of the asymmetric LBCM using the condition for asymptotic stability of a linear time-invariant system and prove the string stability of the asymmetric LBCM using a space gap error attenuation approach. Then, we evaluate the efficacy of the asymmetric LBCM by simulating a closely coupled cooperative adaptive cruise control (CACC) platoon of fully automated trucks in various non-linear acceleration and deceleration states. We choose automated truck platooning as a case study since heavy-duty trucks experience higher delays and lags in the powertrain system, and limited acceleration and deceleration capabilities than passenger cars. To evaluate the platoon operational efficiency of the asymmetric LBCM, we compare the performance of the asymmetric LBCM to a baseline model, i.e., the symmetric LBCM, for different powertrain delays and lags. Our analyses found that the asymmetric LBCM can handle any combined powertrain delays and lags up to 0.6 sec while maintaining a constant desired time gap during a stable platoon operation, whereas the symmetric LBCM fails to ensure stable platoon operation as well as maintain a constant desired time gap for any combined powertrain delays and lags over 0.2 sec. These findings demonstrate the potential of the asymmetric LBCM in improving platoon operational efficiency and stability of an automated truck platoon.
On the Maximal Rank Problem for the Complex Homogeneous Monge-Ampère Equation
Creators: name: Ross, Julius
name: Nyström, David Witt
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 32W20, 35J60, 31C10, 35J70

description: We give examples of regular boundary data for the Dirichlet problem for the Complex Homogeneous Monge-Ampère Equation over the unit disc, whose solution is completely degenerate on a non-empty open set and thus fails to have maximal rank.
description: 10 pages
title: Protección jurídica del patrimonio cultural inmaterial de los pueblos indígenas. Avances en México
Creators: name: López Ledesma, María Elizabeth
Publisher: name: EnredARS, RomaTrE-Press
Year: 2023

description:

Questo lavoro descrive l'evoluzione della protezione del patrimonio culturale immateriale indigeno, con particolare riferimento al Messico attraverso un approccio interdisciplinare del diritto internazionale pubblico in due dei suoi aspetti: i diritti umani e la protezione della cultura, con la componente storica che ci guiderà nell'evoluzione della sua protezione legale. Conosceremo i progressi nella sua protezione legale e posizioni filosofiche che hanno fondato la protezione del patrimonio culturale immateriale dei popoli indigeni, evidenzia anche il valore e la ricchezza della diversità culturale e delle conoscenze tradizionali dei popoli indigeni del Messico e l'importanza della sua protezione efficace per la salvaguardia della loro identità e della loro sopravvivenza come popoli. L'analisi dell'evoluzione della protezione del patrimonio immateriale è contestualizzata nello studio del quadro giuridico messicano che include sia la legislazione nazionale che internazionale in vigore.
On the Approximate Analysis of Energy Detection over n*Rayleigh Fading Channels through Cooperative Spectrum Sensing
Creators: name: Alghorani, Yahia
name: Kaddoum, Georges
name: Muhaidat, Sami
name: Pierre, Samuel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this letter, we consider the problem of energy detection of unknown signals in an intervehicular communication (IVC) system over n*Rayleigh fading channels (also known as cascaded Rayleigh). Novel tight approximations for the probability of detection are derived for the no-diversity and the maximum ratio combining (MRC)) diversity schemes. Moreover, we investigate the system performance when cooperative spectrum sensing (CSS) is considered with and without imperfect reporting channels. The analytical results show that the detection reliability is decreased as the fading severity parameter n increases but reliability is substantially improved when CSS employs MRC schemes.
Understanding personalized training responses: can genetic assessment help?
Creators: name: Pickering, Craig
name: Kiely, John
Publisher: name: University of Limerick
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 321006
subject: Sport and exercise nutrition

description: Background: Traditional exercise prescription is based on the assumption that exercise adaptation is predictable and standardised across individuals. However, evidence has emerged in the past two decades demonstrating that large inter-individual variation exists regarding the magnitude and direction of adaption following exercise. Objective: The aim of this paper was to discuss the key factors influencing this personalized response to exercise in a narrative review format. Findings: Genetic variation contributes significantly to the personalized training response, with specific polymorphisms associated with differences in exercise adaptation. These polymorphisms exist in a number of pathways controlling exercise adaptation. Environmental factors such as nutrition, psycho-emotional response, individual history and training programme design also modify the inter-individual adaptation following training. Within the emerging field of epigenetics, DNA methylation, histone modifications and non-coding RNA allow environmental and lifestyle factors to impact genetic expression. These epigenetic mechanisms are themselves modified by genetic and non-genetic factors, illustrating the complex interplay between variables in determining the adaptive response. Given that genetic factors are such a fundamental modulator of the inter-individual response to exercise, genetic testing may provide a useful and affordable addition to those looking to maximise exercise adaption, including elite athletes. However, there are ethical issues regarding the use of genetic tests, and further work is needed to provide evidence based guidelines for their use. Conclusion: There is considerable inter-individual variation in the adaptive response to exercise. Genetic assessments may provide an additional layer of information allowing personalization of training programmes to an individual’s unique biology.
Downward catastrophe of solar magnetic flux ropes
Creators: name: Zhang, Quanhao
name: Wang, Yuming
name: Hu, Youqiu
name: Liu, Rui
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: 2.5D time-dependent ideal magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) models in Cartesian coordinates were used in previous studies to seek MHD equilibria involving a magnetic flux rope embedded in a bipolar, partially open background field. As demonstrated by these studies, the equilibrium solutions of the system are separated into two branches: the flux rope sticks to the photosphere for solutions at the lower branch but is suspended in the corona for those at the upper branch. Moreover, a solution originally at the lower branch jumps to the upper, as the related control parameter increases and reaches a critical value, and the associated jump is here referred to as upward catastrophe. The present paper advances these studies in three aspects. First, the magnetic field is changed to be force-free. The system still experiences an upward catastrophe with an increase in each control parameter. Secondly, under the force-free approximation, there also exists a downward catastrophe, characterized by a jump of a solution from the upper branch to the lower. Both catastrophes are irreversible processes connecting the two branches of equilibrium solutions so as to form a cycle. Finally, the magnetic energy in the numerical domain is calculated. It is found that there exists a magnetic energy release for both catastrophes. The Ampère's force, which vanishes everywhere for force-free fields, appears only during the catastrophes and does a positive work, which serves as a major mechanism for the energy release. The implications of the downward catastrophe and its relevance to solar activities are briefly discussed.
ENI: Quantifying Environment Compatibility for Natural Walking in Virtual Reality
Creators: name: Williams, Niall L.
name: Bera, Aniket
name: Manocha, Dinesh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Graphics (cs.GR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We present a novel metric to analyze the similarity between the physical environment and the virtual environment for natural walking in virtual reality. Our approach is general and can be applied to any pair of physical and virtual environments. We use geometric techniques based on conforming constrained Delaunay triangulations and visibility polygons to compute the Environment Navigation Incompatibility (ENI) metric that can be used to measure the complexity of performing simultaneous navigation. We demonstrate applications of ENI for highlighting regions of incompatibility for a pair of environments, guiding the design of the virtual environments to make them more compatible with a fixed physical environment, and evaluating the performance of different redirected walking controllers. We validate the ENI metric using simulations and two user studies. Results of our simulations and user studies show that in the environment pair that our metric identified as more navigable, users were able to walk for longer before colliding with objects in the physical environment. Overall, ENI is the first general metric that can automatically identify regions of high and low compatibility in physical and virtual environments. Our project website is available at https://gamma.umd.edu/eni/.
Rigidity of stable Lyapunov exponents and integrability for Anosov maps
Creators: name: An, Jinpeng
name: Gan, Shaobo
name: Gu, Ruihao
name: Shi, Yi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Let $f$ be a non-invertible irreducible Anosov map on $d$-torus. We show that if the stable bundle of $f$ is one-dimensional, then $f$ has the integrable unstable bundle, if and only if, every periodic point of $f$ admits the same Lyapunov exponent on the stable bundle with its linearization. For higher-dimensional stable bundle case, we get the same result on the assumption that $f$ is a $C^1$-perturbation of a linear Anosov map with real simple Lyapunov spectrum on the stable bundle. In both cases, this implies if $f$ is topologically conjugate to its linearization, then the conjugacy is smooth on the stable bundle.
description: 36 pages, 5 figures
Simulation of $^{67}$Cu photo-nuclear production in nanoparticles
Creators: name: Fedorchenko, D. V.
name: Khazhmuradov, M. A.
name: Rudychev, Y. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The process of $^{67}$Cu nuclide photoproduction in the zinc dioxide nanoparticles immersed in the water media was simulated. We calculated the escape fractions of $^{67}$Cu nuclei and corresponding ranges in water for nanoparticle sizes from 40 nm to 80 nm and incident photons energies from 12 MeV to 30 MeV. Usage of capturing nanoparticles for accumulation of the escaped $^{67}$Cu nuclei is also discussed.
description: 5 pages, 9 figures, 19 references
Using more cooperative learning in undergraduate medical education
Creators: name: Fedorcsak, Peter
Publisher: name: F1000 Research Limited
Year: 2023

description: Background
 Cooperative learning methods surpass both competitive and individualistic learning in the domains of individual achievement, interpersonal attraction, social support, self-esteem, and positive attitudes. Small group teaching classes in undergraduate medical education give ample opportunities for positive interdependence --- still, collaborative learning is infrequently used, possibly due to expectation of medical students’ preference for individualism, assumed lack of teamwork skills, or difficulty of implementation. My aim was to explore medical students’ attitudes to cooperative learning, assess teamwork skills and learning outcome.

 Summary of work
 Groups of 16-20 medical students in OB/GYN clinical rotation attended this 3 hour gamified class. The learning goals were problem solving and practicing clinical skills in reproductive endocrinology, including infertility investigation, treatment of anovulation, and early pregnancy complications. The students were divided into teams of 3-4, which competed in two tasks: a game of health resource collection and allocation and an escape room game. The tasks were designed to require teamwork and could not be completed individually. After class, the students filled out an anonymous questionnaire and scored their teamwork skills with the 11-item Jefferson Teamwork Observation Guide (JTOG) instrument, and gave feedback on collaborative learning experience and learning outcomes.

 Summary of results
 Between 2020 – 2022, 323 students (112 teams) attended the class and 89 (28%) gave feedback. Students were well-satisfied with the cooperative learning, 84% rating it A (scale A - E), compared to 60% of A-level satisfaction with traditional individualistic clinical instruction (1-to-1 or small-group) of the same topic during 2016 – 2019. Students rated their teamwork-related values and ethics high, e.g. 72% reported friendly team interactions, while presence and efficacy of leadership was rated low (7% reporting strong leadership). Students recalled relevant new knowledge after class.

 Discussion and conclusion
 Undergraduate medical students report satisfaction with cooperative learning and self-assess high levels of teamwork skills. This instructional form, however, needs engaging and motivating tasks tailored for teams, like games.

 Take home message
 Collaborative learning in gamified small-group teaching format could be effectively used in undergraduate medical education.
Alexander Quelle: Geopolitische Orientierungen nach dem 11. September: Pakistans Rolle im Kampf gegen den Terrorismus
Creators: name: Wessler, Heinz Werner
Publisher: name: Südasien
Year: 2022

description: Südasien, Bd. 30 Nr. 1 (2010): Ist eine andere Welt noch möglich? - Globalisierung aus indischer Perspektive
Optimal fluxes and Reynolds stresses
Creators: name: Jimenez, Javier
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is remarked that fluxes in conservation laws, such as the Reynolds stresses in the momentum equation of turbulent shear flows, or the spectral energy flux in isotropic turbulence, are only defined up to an arbitrary solenoidal field. While this is not usually significant for long-time averages, it becomes important when fluxes are modelled locally in large-eddy simulations, or in the analysis of intermittency and cascades. As an example, a numerical procedure is introduced to compute fluxes in scalar conservation equations in such a way that their total integrated magnitude is minimised. The result is an irrotational vector field that derives from a potential, thus minimising sterile flux `circuits'. The algorithm is generalised to tensor fluxes and applied to the transfer of momentum in a turbulent channel. The resulting instantaneous Reynolds stresses are compared with their traditional expressions, and found to be substantially different.
Performance of the SABRE detector module in a purely passive shielding
Creators: name: Calaprice, F.
name: Benziger, J. B.
name: Copello, S.
name: Dafinei, I.
name: D'Angelo, D.
name: D'Imperio, G.
name: Di Carlo, G.
name: Diemoz, M.
name: Di Giacinto, A.
name: Di Ludovico, A.
name: Ianna, M.
name: Ianni, A.
name: Mariani, A.
name: Milana, S.
name: Orlandi, D.
name: Pettinacci, V.
name: Pietrofaccia, L.
name: Rahatlou, S.
name: Suerfu, B.
name: Tomei, C.
name: Vignoli, C.
name: Zani, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present here a characterization of the low background NaI(Tl) crystal NaI-33 based on a period of almost one year of data taking (891 kgxdays exposure) in a detector configuration with no use of organic scintillator veto. This remarkably radio-pure crystal already showed a low background in the SABRE Proof-of-Principle (PoP) detector, in the low energy region of interest (1-6 keV) for the search of dark matter interaction via the annual modulation signature. As the vetoable background components, such as $^{40}$K, are here sub-dominant, we reassembled the PoP setup with a fully passive shielding. We upgraded the selection of events based on a Boosted Decision Tree algorithm that rejects most of the PMT-induced noise while retaining scintillation signals with > 90% efficiency in 1-6 keV. We find an average background of 1.39 $\pm$ 0.02 counts/day/kg/keV in the region of interest and a spectrum consistent with data previously acquired in the PoP setup, where the external veto background suppression was in place. Our background model indicates that the dominant background component is due to decays of $^{210}$Pb, only partly residing in the crystal itself. The other location of $^{210}$Pb is the reflector foil that wraps the crystal. We now proceed to design the experimental setup for the physics phase of the SABRE North detector, based on an array of similar crystals, using a low radioactivity PTFE reflector and further improving the passive shielding strategy, in compliance with the new safety and environmental requirements of Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso.
description: 8 pages, 9 figures
Oliver Beckmann: Pakistans Entwicklung zum “Failed State“ und die internationalen Folgen
Creators: name: Blickheuser, Katharina
Publisher: name: Südasien
Year: 2022

description: --
description: Südasien, Bd. 30 Nr. 1 (2010): Ist eine andere Welt noch möglich? - Globalisierung aus indischer Perspektive
Large Scale GPU Accelerated PPMLR-MHD Simulations for Space Weather Forecast
Creators: name: Guo, Xiangyu
name: Tang, Binbin
name: Tao, Jian
name: Huang, Zhaohui
name: Du, Zhihui
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: PPMLR-MHD is a new magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) model used to simulate the interactions of the solar wind with the magnetosphere, which has been proved to be the key element of the space weather cause-and-effect chain process from the Sun to Earth. Compared to existing MHD methods, PPMLR-MHD achieves the advantage of high order spatial accuracy and low numerical dissipation. However, the accuracy comes at a cost. On one hand, this method requires more intensive computation. On the other hand, more boundary data is subject to be transferred during the process of simulation.s In this work, we present a parallel hybrid solution of the PPMLR-MHD model implemented using the computing capabilities of both CPUs and GPUs. We demonstrate that our optimized implementation alleviates the data transfer overhead by using GPU Direct technology and can scale up to 151 processes and achieve significant performance gains by distributing the workload among the CPUs and GPUs on Titan at Oak Ridge National Laboratory. The performance results show that our implementation is fast enough to carry out highly accurate MHD simulations in real time.
Electrical measurement of the Spin Hall Effect isotropy in a ferromagnet
Creators: name: Cosset-Chéneau, M.
name: Fahmy, M. Husien
name: Kandazoglou, A.
name: Grezes, C.
name: Brenac, A.
name: Teresi, S.
name: Sgarro, P.
name: Warin, P.
name: Marty, A.
name: Pham, V. T.
name: Attané, J. -P.
name: Vila, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The spin-dependent transport properties of paramagnetic metals are roughly invariant under rotation. By contrast, in ferromagnetic materials the magnetization breaks the rotational symmetry, and thus the spin Hall effect is expected to become anisotropic. Here, using a specific design of lateral spin valves, we measure electrically the spin Hall Effect anisotropy in NiCu and NiPd, both in their ferromagnetic and paramagnetic phases. We show that the appearance of the ferromagnetic order does not lead to a sizeable anisotropy of the spin charge interconversion in these materials.
Generic PBPK template for predicting drug concentration time profiles in human breast milk (D3.6)
Creators: name: Nauwelaerts, Nina
name: Macente, Julia
name: Huang, Miao-Chan
name: Deferm, Neel
name: Van Neste, Martje
name: Allegaert, Karel
name: Smits, Anne
name: Huys, Isabelle
name: Annaert, Pieter
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: This deliverable described in the present report reports on the development, evaluation and application of a generic Physiologically-based pharmacokinetic modelling (PBPK) template: To predict medicine concentration time profiles in human milk; To calculate milk-associated medicine doses ingested by neonates and infants.
Itinerant spin polaron and metallic ferromagnetism in semiconductor moiré superlattices
Creators: name: Davydova, Margarita
name: Zhang, Yang
name: Fu, Liang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Itinerant spin polaron and metallic ferromagnetism are theoretically predicted in the Mott insulator in semiconductor moiré superlattices doped below and above half filling of the narrow moiré band, respectively. The existence of spin polaron can be directly identified from the kink in the dependence of the charge gap on the magnetic field.
description: final version; 6 pages of main text including 3 figures; 10 pages of Supplementary Material