cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Understanding the Role of Sharp Edges in the Propagation of Surface Gravity Waves
Creators: name: Hitzegrad, Jan
name: Köster, Sebastian
name: Windt, Christian
name: Goseberg, Nils
Publisher: name: Hoboken, NJ : Wiley
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: bed roughness
subject: bio-encrusted surfaces
subject: near-bed turbulence
subject: oyster reefs
subject: ultra-rough oceanic surfaces
subject: wave attenuation
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::550 | Geowissenschaften

description: Ultra-rough oceanic surfaces, such as oyster reefs, are characterized by densely-packed, sharp-edged roughness elements that induce high frictional resistance on the ambient flows. To effectively employ, for example, oyster reefs as a nature-based solution in coastal protection, a detailed understanding of the frictional wave energy dissipation processes is necessary. This work reports on an experimental study in which six surrogates of very to ultra-rough oceanic bed surfaces were subjected to regular waves. The influences of different sharpness' of roughness elements (bluntly-shaped, sharp-edged, and a combination thereof) and relative spacing between elements compared to the near-bed horizontal excursion amplitude, λ/ab, on the wave attenuation have been investigated. Turbulence is 2–27 times larger for sharp-edged surfaces and 1 to 18 times larger for mix surfaces than those of bluntly-shaped surfaces. Maximum bed shear stresses, hydraulic roughness lengths, and wave friction factors are likewise significantly larger for sharp-edged compared to bluntly-shaped surfaces. These observations indicate that the sharp edges are crucial for frictional energy dissipation. Comparing the maximum bed shear stresses determined from wave height reductions to those determined from velocity measurements indicates that in addition to turbulent kinetic energy (TKE), periodic form-induced stresses significantly contribute to the overall bed shear stresses. This study provides new insight into the frictional dissipation processes of oscillating flows encountering ultra-rough surfaces.
Synthesis of Environmental Research Knowledge: The Case of Paraguayan Pantanal Tropical Wetlands
Creators: name: Eufemia, Luca
name: Bonatti, Michelle
name: Sieber, Stefan
name: Eufemia, Luca
name: Bonatti, Michelle
name: Sieber, Stefan
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: community-based natural resource management
subject: community-governance
subject: literature analysis
subject: Pantanal
subject: Paraguay

description: The Paraguayan Pantanal offers a valuable case of research regarding natural resource management in tropical wetlands. It is one of the world´s largest wetland of globally important ecological and cultural value that is threatened from environmental exploitations. Paradoxically, this area is rarely scientifically investigated. Therefore, in this paper, this case was chosen to identify literature indirectly related to the area and to highlight the dominant research trends and corresponding gaps. This research was conducted to cluster the available science-based research of Pantanal´s tropical wetlands in order to advocate for more environmental governance focus. Concepts used in the scientific literature of the Paraguayan Pantanal were extrapolated and summarized in category system. A cluster framework of 12 variables of community-based natural resource management (CBNRM) was classified into three main search-categories: community engagement and participatory approach (CEPA), natural resources management (NRM) and framework developed (FD). The frequency of different categories demonstrates the natural science´s perspectives dominate over human sciences and humanities. Most of the Paraguayan Pantanal has been studied with regard to its ecological, biological and physical properties. The development of research interest over time and the primary focus on ecological baseline conditions are related to its designation as a Ramsar Site, an UNESCO tentative World Heritage Site and the orientation of national policies towards either environmental protection or regional economic development. A substantial research gap was identified in the FD as studies tended to link their findings to human activities but disregarded the connection between governance variables, natural resource and environmental developments. It is suggested to expand the natural science´s perspective on Paraguay´s wetlands to account for economic, social and political aspects in order to develop a holistic and environmentally sustainable production of science in and about the area.
Promoting information spreading by using contact memory
Creators: name: Gao, Lei
name: Wang, Wei
name: Shu, Panpan
name: Gao, Hui
name: Braunstein, Lidia A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Promoting information spreading is a booming research topic in network science community. However, the exiting studies about promoting information spreading seldom took into account the human memory, which plays an important role in the spreading dynamics. In this paper we propose a non-Markovian information spreading model on complex networks, in which every informed node contacts a neighbor by using the memory of neighbor's accumulated contact numbers in the past. We systematically study the information spreading dynamics on uncorrelated configuration networks and a group of $22$ real-world networks, and find an effective contact strategy of promoting information spreading, i.e., the informed nodes preferentially contact neighbors with small number of accumulated contacts. According to the effective contact strategy, the high degree nodes are more likely to be chosen as the contacted neighbors in the early stage of the spreading, while in the late stage of the dynamics, the nodes with small degrees are preferentially contacted. We also propose a mean-field theory to describe our model, which qualitatively agrees well with the stochastic simulations on both artificial and real-world networks.
description: 6 pages, 6 figures
Attacked from two fronts: Interactive effects of anthropogenic and biotic disturbances generate complex movement patterns
Creators: name: Valente, Salvatore
name: Skarin, Anna
name: Ciucci, Paolo
name: Uboni, Alessia
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Anthropogenic and biotic disturbances have the potential to interact, generating cumulative impacts on animal movement or, alternatively, counterbalancing or masking each other. Despite their importance, those interactions have not been investigated thoroughly. Our study aimed to fill this knowledge gap by assessing the combined effects of a human activity—that is, military exercises—and a biotic disturbance—that is, insect harassment—on movement rates of free-ranging semidomesticated reindeer (Rangifer tarandus tarandus). From 2010 to 2012, we analyzed location data from fifty-one Global Positioning System (GPS)-collared female reindeer in the largest European military test range, situated in northern Sweden. In the presence of both military exercises and mosquito harassment, reindeer reacted by increasing their movement rates but not as much as when mosquito harassment occurred alone. Conversely, reindeer reduced their movement rates during military exercises performed with aircraft. Moreover, the effect of military exercises performed with vehicles was evident only when combined with mosquito harassment. These results stress the value of evaluating the effects of the interaction between biotic disturbances and human activities, especially in northern ecosystems, because of the predicted climate warming and the growing interest toward natural resource extraction and other forms of land use.
Non-holonomic tomography II: Detecting correlations in multiqudit systems
Creators: name: Jackson, Christopher
name: van Enk, Steven
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the context of quantum tomography, quantities called a partial determinants\cite{jackson2015detecting} were recently introduced. PDs (partial determinants) are explicit functions of the collected data which are sensitive to the presence of state-preparation-and-measurement (SPAM) correlations. In this paper, we demonstrate further applications of the PD and its generalizations. In particular we construct methods for detecting various types of SPAM correlation in multiqudit systems | e.g. measurement-measurement correlations. The relationship between the PDs of each method and the correlations they are sensitive to is topological. We give a complete classification scheme for all such methods but focus on the explicit details of only the most scalable methods, for which the number of settings scale as $\mathcal{O}(d^4)$. This paper is the second of a two part series where the first paper[2] is about theoretical perspectives of the PD and its interpretation as a holonomy.
description: 11 pages, 12 figures; This paper is 2 of 2 papers which are an updated version of a single paper, arXiv:1608.08067, that has been withdrawn
Electroweak production of Higgs boson pairs in 2HDMs
Creators: name: Enberg, Rikard
name: Klemm, William
name: Moretti, Stefano
name: Munir, Shoaib
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: One of the main features of a Two-Higgs Doublet Model (2HDM) is the presence of two additional neutral Higgs states, besides the one mimicking the ~125 GeV state observed at the LHC. The three Higgs bosons of a 2HDM can be produced at the LHC either singly via gluon fusion or in pairs with each other. When analyzing their pair production, the emphasis is laid on gluon-initiated processes, and the electroweak (EW) production is generally not treated on the same footing, assuming its contribution to be highly subleading. We show here that when the sum of the masses of the lightest scalar and pseudoscalar Higgs bosons in the Type-I 2HDM is smaller than the Z-boson mass, their EW pair production can dominate over QCD pair production by orders of magnitude.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures; Proceedings of the 38th International Conference on High Energy Physics (ICHEP2016)
Electronic Supplementary Material (ESM) from Specificity of oral immune priming in the red flour beetle Tribolium castaneum
Creators: name: Futo, Momir
name: Sell, Marie P.
name: Kutzer, Megan A. M.
name: Kurtz, Joachim
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Health Care
subject: Diseases
subject: 111706 Epidemiology
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Figure S1, Table S1-S5
Carrier localization due to local magnetic order induced by magnetic impurities in Ba(Fe$_{1-x}$TM$_x$)$_2$As$_2$ (TM = Mn and Cr) as seen via optical spectra
Creators: name: Kobayashi, T.
name: Nakajima, M.
name: Miyasaka, S.
name: Tajima, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The charge dynamics of Ba(Fe$_{1-x}$TM$_x$)$_2$As$_2$ (TM = Mn and Cr) has been investigated by optical spectroscopy. It was found that in addition to the strong suppression of the coherent charge transport, the magnetic impurity induces a novel spectral feature related to the carrier localization in the far-infrared region above the antiferromagnetic transition temperature. We attribute it to the cooperative effect between conduction electrons and local magnetic order induced by magnetic impurities. The present results demonstrate that Mn and Cr are not conventional magnetic pair-breakers in iron pnictides.
description: 15 pages, 7 figures, accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. B
Surface albedo of alpine lichen heaths and shrub vegetation
Creators: name: Aartsma, Peter
name: Asplund, Johan
name: Odland, Arvid
name: Reinhardt, Stefanie
name: Renssen, Hans
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Plant Biology

description: Lichen heaths are declining in abundance while shrubs are increasing their range in alpine and arctic areas due to climate change. This can have a large impact on the surface albedo of these areas. The aim of this article is to quantify the difference in albedo between lichen heaths and shrub-dominated vegetation and the variability within lichen heaths. Several environmental conditions that can influence the albedo measurements are considered. We measured the albedo of twenty lichen- and shrub-dominated plots on an alpine mountain area in southern Norway in the summer of 2018 with two radiometers using a paired plot design. With this design, we ensured similar weather conditions, aspects, and zenith angles between the paired lichen- and shrub-dominated plots. In addition, we collected patches of Cladonia stellaris and Flavocetraria nivalis to measure their albedo. The average difference in albedo between the lichen- and shrub-dominated plots is 0.124. The albedo of the lichen-dominated plots varies between 0.227 and 0.284, and that of the shrub-dominated plots varies between 0.115 and 0.148. This variation in albedo is explained by differences in aspect and vegetation composition. Further studies should focus on the consequences of this decrease in albedo for the microclimate in alpine and arctic areas.
On Painlevé/gauge theory correspondence
Creators: name: Bonelli, Giulio
name: Lisovyy, Oleg
name: Maruyoshi, Kazunobu
name: Sciarappa, Antonio
name: Tanzini, Alessandro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We elucidate the relation between Painlevé equations and four-dimensional rank one ${\cal N= 2}$ theories by identifying the connection associated to Painlevé isomonodromic problems with the oper limit of the flat connection of the Hitchin system associated to gauge theories and by studying the corresponding renormalisation group flow. Based on this correspondence we provide long-distance expansions at various canonical rays for all Painlevé functions in terms of magnetic and dyonic Nekrasov partition functions for ${\cal N= 2}$ SQCD and Argyres-Douglas theories at self-dual Omega background $ε_1+ε_2= 0$, or equivalently in terms of $c= 1$ irregular conformal blocks.
description: 51 pages, 2 figures
Responses of low Arctic tundra plant species to experimental manipulations: Differences between abiotic and biotic factors and between short- and long-term effects
Creators: name: Gu, Qian
name: Grogan, Paul
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Plant Biology

description: Climate change in arctic tundra is projected to affect air temperature, snow depth, soil fertility, and caribou herbivory, which may alter plant community composition by shifting niche space to favor particular species’ life history strategies. We report responses of a Canadian mesic birch hummock tundra plant community to a range of manipulative experiments (greenhouse warming, fertilization, snow fence, and caribou exclosure treatments). Aboveground biomass of each plant species was measured in the same permanent 1 m2 areas using the point frame method in 2005, 2011, and 2017. Although the greenhouse treatment had few effects on individual species, total vascular plant community biomass was enhanced between 2011 and 2017. Furthermore, species’ biomass across all control plots was stable from 2005 to 2011 but increased significantly from 2011 to 2017, with air temperatures also warmer over that same period. Species responded to high-level nitrogen and high-level nitrogen and phosphorus combined additions, with deciduous shrubs and graminoids increasing and evergreen shrubs decreasing. The snow fences and caribou exclosures had little effect on species biomass. Although vegetation greening trends have been reported in arctic environments that are primarily influenced by maritime climate, our study is one of the first to provide plot-based evidence of recent plant biomass increases in the low Arctic’s continental interior.
Some conditions under which certain types of modules possess localization property
Creators: name: Akray, Ismael
name: Jabbar, Adil Kadir
name: Sazeedeh, Reza
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Commutative Algebra (math.AC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 13B30

description: By a localization property we mean a property that preserved under localizing modules at multiplicative closed sets. The aim of this paper is to find conditions under which we can transfere a certain property of a given module to its localization at multiplicative closed sets and conversely, that means we determine those conditions which make a given property of a module as a localization property, so we give several conditions under which certain types of modules posses localization property.
description: 10 pages
Using serology to investigate reproductive failure due to Neospora caninum in beef herds
Creators: name: Daly, R. F.
Publisher: name: American Association of Bovine Practitioners  Proceedings of the Annual Conference
Year: 2015

description: In late November 2013, a diagnosis of abortion due to Neospora caninum was made in a fetus aborted from a coming second-calf cow in a north-central South Dakota beef herd. The cow was 1 of 81 bred cows purchased at a sale earlier that month. Following the abortion, the purchased group was re-examined for pregnancy and 21/81 cows previously confirmed pregnant were found open. Nine other South Dakota ranchers were identified as having purchased bred cows from the same sale. The sale was held on November 19, 2013 at a north-central South Dakota auction market. All cows originated from a single North Dakota ranch. The heifers were bred to calve in May 2014, and were ultrasounded to confirm pregnancy by a veterinarian on October 17, 2013.
description: American Association of Bovine Practitioners Proceedings of the Annual Conference, 2015
Methods from Long-term Ultraviolet B radiation exposure promotes predator inspection behaviour in a fish
Creators: name: Vitt, Simon
name: Zierul, Janina E.
name: Bakker, Theo C. M.
name: Rick, Ingolf P.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Environmental Science
subject: Ecology
subject: 60801 Animal Behaviour

description: methodological details
title: Didier Lestrade, "Sexualité des séropositifs : la fin du 100% capote?"
Creators: name: Lestrade, Didier (1958-....)
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2020

description: Extrait du journal Têtu.
description: Source: http://www.calames.abes.fr/pub/ms/Calames-20193111231432431
description: created: start=1975;end=2018
Behavior variables of feedlot cattle clinically diagnosed with bovine respiratory disease versus case control
Creators: name: Richeson, J. T.
name: Pinedo, P. J.
name: Pillen, J. L.
name: Ives, S. E.
name: Covey, T. L.
name: Naikare, H. K.
Publisher: name: American Association of Bovine Practitioners  Proceedings of the Annual Conference
Year: 2015

description: Current bovine respiratory disease (BRD) diagnostic methods in the commercial feedlot setting are limited to subjective visual assessment of clinical signs; sensitivity and specificity of this method is poor. Continuous monitoring of step count, lying bouts, and duration of standing time via accelerometer device will provide insight into the behavior of clinically ill cattle and characterize the pattern of behavior change before clinical BRD diagnosis. Our primary objective was to elucidate behavior variable responses in relation to the timing of clinical disease observations by animal health technicians in a commercial feedlot, and compare behavior of cattle clinically diagnosed with BRD to a healthy cohort. A secondary objective was to determine BRD morbidity rate for cattle according to arrival castration status and initial body weight quartile.
description: American Association of Bovine Practitioners Proceedings of the Annual Conference, 2015
Holographic Preheating
Creators: name: Cai, Yi-Fu
name: Lin, Shu
name: Liu, Junyu
name: Sun, Jia-Rui
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a holographic description of cosmic preheating at strong coupling. In this scenario the energy transfer between the inflaton and matter field is mimicked by a model of holographic superconductor. An exponential amplification of the matter field during preheating can be described by the quasi-normal modes of a metastable "black hole" in the bulk spacetime with an expanding boundary. Our results reveal that the matter field can be produced continuously at strong coupling in contrast to the case of weak coupling with a discontinuous matter growth as inflaton oscillates. Furthermore, the amplification of matter field has an enhanced dependence on the vacuum expectation value of the inflaton at strong coupling. By virtue of the proposed mechanism, physics of the very early universe at an extremely high temperature right after inflation may become accessible.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures, comments are most welcome
Weight gains in sucking beef calves treated with macrocylic lactone anthelmintics in either an extended-release injectable formulation or a pour-on formulation
Creators: name: Whittier, W. D.
name: Currin, J. F.
name: Holland, S.
name: Zajac, A. M.
name: Kasimanickam, R.
Publisher: name: American Association of Bovine Practitioners  Proceedings of the Annual Conference
Year: 2015

description: The objective of this trial was to test the hypothesis that treating suckling beef calves grazing summer pastures with an extended-release injectable parasiticide containing eprinomectin (ERE) would result in additional weight gain when compared to ivermectin in a pour-on (POI) formulation. Extended-release eprinomectin contains the anthelmintic with a poly-lactide-co-glycolic-acid polymer allowing slow release of eprinomectin following injection with a label claim for protection against reinfection with Cooperia oncophora and Cooperia punctata for 100 d and Ostertagia ostertagi for 120 d. Pour-on ivermectin claims 21 d control for C. punctata with 14 for O. ostertagi and C. oncophora.
description: American Association of Bovine Practitioners Proceedings of the Annual Conference, 2015
Zelnate™
Creators: name: Nickell, J.
name: Keil, D.
name: Settje, T.
Publisher: name: American Association of Bovine Practitioners  Proceedings of the Annual Conference
Year: 2015

description: Bovine respiratory disease (BRD) continues to have a major economic impact on the beef and dairy industries while public perception supports reduced antimicrobial use. The objective of this research was to evaluate the efficacy of a novel non-antimicrobial, CpG motif-based DNA immunostimulant formulated in a liposome carrier (Zelnate) in the management of BRD. The program was composed of 2 phases: 1) product development and licensure, and 2) evaluation of the clinical benefit of Zelnate relative to a commercially available antimicrobial when administered in a metaphylactic fashion.
description: American Association of Bovine Practitioners Proceedings of the Annual Conference, 2015
Smart Combination of Web Measures for Solving Semantic Similarity Problems
Creators: name: Martinez, Jorge
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: 80505 Web Technologies (excl. Web Search)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 80709 Social and Community Informatics
subject: FOS: Media and communications
subject: 80109 Pattern Recognition and Data Mining
subject: 80107 Natural Language Processing
subject: Information Systems
subject: 80704 Information Retrieval and Web Search

description: This paper presents two main contributions. The authors propose a novel technique that beats classic probabilistic techniques for measuring semantic similarity between terms. This new technique consists of using not only a search engine for computing web page counts, but a smart combination of several popular web search engines. The approach is evaluated on the Miller and Charles and Gracia and Mena benchmark datasets and compared with existing probabilistic web extraction techniques.
Higher-Order Scheme-Independent Calculations of Physical Quantities in the Conformal Phase of a Gauge Theory
Creators: name: Ryttov, Thomas A.
name: Shrock, Robert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider an asymptotically free vectorial SU($N_c$) gauge theory with $N_f$ massless fermions in a representation $R$, having an infrared fixed point (IRFP) of the renormalization group at $α_{IR}$ in the conformal non-Abelian Coulomb phase. The cases with $R$ equal to the fundamental, adjoint, and symmetric rank-2 tensor representation are considered. We present scheme-independent calculations of the anomalous dimension $γ_{\barψψ,IR}$ to $O(Δ_f^4)$ and $β'_{IR}$ to $O(Δ_f^5)$ at this IRFP, where $Δ_f$ is an $N_f$-dependent expansion parameter. Comparisons are made with conventional $n$-loop calculations and lattice measurements. As a test of the accuracy of the $Δ_f$ expansion, we calculate $γ_{\barψψ,IR}$ to $O(Δ_f^3)$ in ${\cal N}=1$ SU($N_c$) supersymmetric quantum chromodynamics and find complete agreement, to this order, with the exactly known expression. The $Δ_f$ expansion also avoids a problem in which an IRFP may not be manifest as an IR zero of a higher $n$-loop beta function.
description: 6 pages, latex, 3 figures
CoTO: A Novel Approach for Fuzzy Aggregation of Semantic Similarity Measures
Creators: name: Martinez, Jorge
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: 80105 Expert Systems
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 80704 Information Retrieval and Web Search
subject: FOS: Media and communications
subject: Information Systems
subject: 80107 Natural Language Processing
subject: 80108 Neural, Evolutionary and Fuzzy Computation

description: Semantic similarity measurement aims to determine the likeness between two text expressions that use different lexicographies for representing the same real object or idea. There are a lot of semantic similarity measures for addressing this problem. However, the best results have been achieved when aggregating a number of simple similarity measures. This means that after the various similarity values have been calculated, the overall similarity for a pair of text expressions is computed using an aggregation function of these individual semantic similarity values. This aggregation is often computed by means of statistical functions. In this work, we present CoTO (Consensus or Trade-Off) a solution based on fuzzy logic that is able to outperform these traditional approaches.
Quantum metrology enhanced by the $XY$ spin interaction in a generalized Tavis-Cummings model
Creators: name: Su, Yuguo
name: Lu, Wangjun
name: Shi, Hai-Long
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum metrology is recognized for its capability to offer high-precision estimation by utilizing quantum resources, such as quantum entanglement. Here, we propose a generalized Tavis-Cummings model by introducing the $XY$ spin interaction to explore the impact of the many-body effect on estimation precision, quantified by the quantum Fisher information (QFI). By deriving the effective description of our model, we establish a closed relationship between the QFI and the spin fluctuation induced by the $XY$ spin interaction. Based on this exact relation, we emphasize the indispensable role of the spin anisotropy in achieving the Heisenberg-scaling precision for estimating a weak magnetic field. Furthermore, we observe that the estimation precision can be enhanced by increasing the strength of the spin anisotropy. We also reveal a clear scaling transition of the QFI in the Tavis-Cummings model with the reduced Ising interaction. Our results contribute to the enrichment of metrology theory by considering many-body effects, and they also present an alternative approach to improving the estimation precision by harnessing the power provided by many-body quantum phases.
Warmer temperatures promote shrub radial growth but not cover in the central Canadian Arctic
Creators: name: Buchkowski, Robert W.
name: Morris, Douglas W.
name: Halliday, William D.
name: Dupuch, Angélique
name: Morrissette-Boileau, Clara
name: Boudreau, Stéphane
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology

description: We assessed the response of Salix richardsonii, a deciduous shrub, to climate change by determining the combination of climatic factors that regulated its growth over the past half-century. We tested whether increasing arctic temperatures promote shrub growth and increased cover. We analyzed fifty-four stems (out of seventy sampled) from S. richardsonii shrubs near the Walker Bay research station in Nunavut, Canada (68°21′ N, 108°05′ W) and surveyed shrub cover in 1996 and 2010. We measured annual growth rings, removed the age-related pattern, and used a response function analysis to explore the climate–growth relationship. The standardized chronology was positively associated with mean July temperature, corroborating other evidence that summer temperature is an important driver of shrub radial growth. Basal area increment revealed a long-term increase in radial growth, although it has stabilized this century. Surveys showed no significant increase in shrub cover at Walker Bay from 1996 to 2010. Our results support a growing body of evidence that increased shrub growth does not necessarily translate into a prolonged increase in shrub cover. Instead, we conclude that the heterogeneity of the arctic shrub response to climate change may be associated with variation in the proximate factors limiting recruitment such as water table saturation and herbivory.
Subject-Specific Abnormal Region Detection in Traumatic Brain Injury Using Sparse Model Selection on High Dimensional Diffusion Data
Creators: name: Shaker, Matineh
name: Erdogmus, Deniz
name: Dy, Jennifer
name: Bouix, Sylvain
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We present a method to estimate a multivariate Gaussian distribution of diffusion tensor features in a set of brain regions based on a small sample of healthy individuals, and use this distribution to identify imaging abnormalities in subjects with mild traumatic brain injury. The multivariate model receives a {\em apriori} knowledge in the form of a neighborhood graph imposed on the precision matrix, which models brain region interactions, and an additional $L_1$ sparsity constraint. The model is then estimated using the graphical LASSO algorithm and the Mahalanobis distance of healthy and TBI subjects to the distribution mean is used to evaluate the discriminatory power of the model. Our experiments show that the addition of the {\em apriori} neighborhood graph results in significant improvements in classification performance compared to a model which does not take into account the brain region interactions or one which uses a fully connected prior graph. In addition, we describe a method, using our model, to detect the regions that contribute the most to the overall abnormality of the DTI profile of a subject's brain.
The changing landscape of astrostatistics and astroinformatics
Creators: name: Feigelson, Eric D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The history and current status of the cross-disciplinary fields of astrostatistics and astroinformatics are reviewed. Astronomers need a wide range of statistical methods for both data reduction and science analysis. With the proliferation of high-throughput telescopes, efficient large scale computational methods are also becoming essential. However, astronomers receive only weak training in these fields during their formal education. Interest in the fields is rapidly growing with conferences organized by scholarly societies, textbooks and tutorial workshops, and research studies pushing the frontiers of methodology. R, the premier language of statistical computing, can provide an important software environment for the incorporation of advanced statistical and computational methodology into the astronomical community.
description: 7 pages, to appear in 'Astroinformatics', IAU Symposium #325, M. Brescia et al. (eds.), Cambridge University Press (2017)
Three new sesquiterpenes from the stems of Nicotiana tabacum and their bioactivities
Creators: name: Yang, Pei-Song
name: Tang, Shi-Yun
name: Liu, Chun-Bo
name: Ye, Ling
name: Zhang, Feng-Mei
name: He, Pei
name: Liu, Zhi-Hua
name: Yong-Kuan Chen
name: Miao, Ming-Ming
name: Qin-Peng Shen
name: Wang, Jia-Qiang
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer

description: Three new sesquiterpenes, methyl 4-isopropyl-7-methoxy-6-methylnaphthalene-1-carboxylate (1), methyl 2-hydroxy-4-isopropyl-7-methoxy-6-methylnaphthalene-1-carboxylate (2), and methyl 2-hydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-4-isopropyl-7-methoxynaphthalene-1-carboxylate (3), together with three known sesquiterpenes (4–6), were isolated from the stems of Nicotiana tabacum. Their structures were determined by means of HRESIMS and extensive 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopic studies. The results showed that compounds 2, 3, and 5 exhibited high anti-TMV activity with inhibition rates of 33.6, 35.8, and 36.7%. Compounds 1–6 showed weak inhibitory activities against some tested human tumor cell lines (NB4, A549, SHSY5Y, PC3, and MCF7) with IC50 values in the range of 6.7–9.6 μM.
Magnetic anisotropy and valence states in La$_2$Co$_{1-x}$Mn$_{1+x}$O$_6$ ($x\approx 0.23$) thin films studied by X-ray absorption spectroscopy techniques
Creators: name: López-Mir, Laura
name: Galceran, Regina
name: Herrero-Martín, Javier
name: Bozzo, Bernat
name: Cisneros-Fernández, José
name: Miner, Elisa V. Pannunzio
name: Balcells, Lluís
name: Martínez, Benjamín
name: Frontera, Carlos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: X-ray absorption spectroscopy was used to determine the valence state in La$_2$Co$_{1-x}$Mn$_{1+x}$O$_6$ ($x\approx 0.23$) thin films. We found that in spite of the non-stoichiometry, Co is in a divalent state while Mn ions show a mixed valence state. The relation of this finding with the magnetic properties of the films is discussed. X-ray magnetic circular dichroism measurements prove that magnetic anisotropy originates from Co spin-orbit coupling and it is strain-dependent: a strong increase of the angular contribution to the magnetic moment is found when in-plane (out-of-plane) and cell parameters get expanded (compressed). This behavior is reproduced by first order perturbation theory calculations.
Physical, chemical, and biological characteristics of supraglacial pools on a debris-covered glacier in Mt. Gongga, Tibetan Plateau
Creators: name: Fair, Heather
name: Smiley, Peter C.
name: Qiao, Liu
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Meltwater habitats are found on glacier surfaces worldwide, but much of the current understanding of these habitats comes from clean glaciers sprinkled with cryoconite. Cryoconite is windblown dust particles covered with biological material that form small meltwater holes due to difference in the albedo of cryoconite compared to clean ice. However, no information is available on the physical, chemical, and biological characteristics of supraglacial pools on debris-covered glaciers. We measured physical and chemical variables and sampled macroinvertebrates from forty-six supraglacial pools during the summers of 2018 and 2019 on the debris-covered Hailuogou Glacier in southeastern Tibet. Our physical and chemical results indicated that the sampled supraglacial pools exhibited a greater diversity of shapes, were larger, contained larger substrate sizes, and had greater substrate diversity than cryoconite holes. The sampled supraglacial pools frequently contained Chironomidae (Diptera) and Isotomidae (Collembola), which are macroinvertebrate taxa that are uncommon in cryoconite holes. Chironomidae occurrence and abundance was not correlated with any measured environmental variable. The best predictors of Isotomidae and macroinvertebrate occurrence and abundance were conductivity, ice to water surface depth, and number of supraglacial pools within 5 m. Our results highlight the uniqueness of supraglacial pools on a debris-covered glacier in southeastern Tibet.
Holographic Preheating: Quasi-Normal Modes and Holographic Renormalization
Creators: name: Cai, Yi-Fu
name: Lin, Shu
name: Liu, Junyu
name: Sun, Jia-Rui
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the holographic description of cosmic preheating proposed in an accompanied Letter [1], the energy transfer between the inflaton and matter field at strong coupling is suggested to be mimicked by superfluid and normal components of a superconductor on Friedmann-Robertson-Walker (FRW) boundary in an asymptotically Anti-de Sitter (AdS) spacetime. In this paper we investigated two aspects of the scenario of holographic preheating that are not included in the accompanied work. Firstly, we study in detail the evolution of the quasi-normal modes (QNMs) surrounding a metastable hairy black hole. This analysis can quantitatively describe the preheating process of the matter field that is produced continuously in the case of strong coupling. Secondly, we present a detailed analysis of the holographic renormalization for the AdS-FRW background, which allows us to extract operator expectation values for studying cosmological implications.
description: 8 pages, 2 figures, comments are most welcome
Particle rearrangement and softening contributions to the nonlinear mechanical response of glasses
Creators: name: Fan, Meng
name: Zhang, Kai
name: Schroers, Jan
name: Shattuck, Mark D.
name: O'Hern, Corey S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Amorphous materials such as metallic, polymeric, and colloidal glasses, exhibit complex preparation-dependent mechanical response to applied shear. We perform numerical simulations to investigate the mechanical response of binary Lennard-Jones glasses undergoing athermal, quasistatic pure shear as a function of the cooling rate $R$ used to prepare them. The ensemble-averaged stress versus strain curve $\langleσ(γ)\rangle$ resembles the spatial average in the large size limit, which appears smooth and displays a putative elastic regime at small strains, a yielding-related peak at intermediate strain, and a plastic flow regime at large strains. In contrast, for each glass configuration in the ensemble, the stress-strain curve consists of many short nearly linear segments that are punctuated by particle-rearrangement-induced rapid stress drops. We quantify the shape of the small stress-strain segments, as well as the frequency and size of the stress drops in each glass configuration. We decompose the stress loss into the loss from particle rearrangements and from softening i.e., the reduction of the slopes of the linear segments in $σ(γ)$), and then compare the two contributions as a function of $R$ and $γ$. For the current studies, the rearrangement-induced stress loss is larger than the softening-induced stress loss, however, softening stress losses increase with decreasing cooling rate. We also characterize the structure of the potential energy landscape along the strain direction for glasses prepared with different $R$, and observe a dramatic change of the properties of the landscape near the yielding transition. We then show that the rearrangement-induced energy loss per strain can serve as an order parameter for the yielding transition, which sharpens for slow cooling rates and in the large system-size limit.
description: 17 pages, 19 figures
Predictive Control of Rabinovich System
Creators: name: Khan, Ayub
name: Khattar, Dinesh
name: Prajapati, Nitish
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 34H10, 34H15, 37D45

description: The chaos control problem of continuous time Rabinovich chaotic system is addressed. An instantaneous control input has been designed using predictive control principle to guarantee the convergence of the chaotic trajectory towards an unstable equilibrium point. Numerical simulations are presented to verify all the theoretical analyses. Computational and analytical results are in excellent agreement.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures
title: ADCO, Troisième cartulaire de Saint-Étienne de Dijon (XVIe), Cart. 23 (G 127), 310 folios, f. 00093
Creators: name: de la Côte d'Or, Archives départementales
name: Petot, Frédéric
name: Archives Départementales De La Côte-D'Or
name: Petot, Frédérique
name: Projet CBMA
name: CG21/F.PETOT/2011
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi
subject: Chartes de la Bourgogne du Moyen Âge
subject: LaMOP
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris
subject: cartulaire

description: Troisième cartulaire de Saint-Étienne de Dijon (XVIe), Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, Cart. 23 (G 127), 310 folios, f. 00093, Numérisation en mode image.
description: Relation: http://www.cbma-project.eu/
description: Bibliographic citation: Troisième cartulaire de Saint-Étienne de Dijon (XVIe), Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, Cart. 23 (G 127), 310 folios, f. 00093, in Projet CBMA - Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi [Ressource en ligne], https://manuscrits.cbma-project.eu/
description: Provenance: abbaye Saint-Étienne de Dijon
description: Provenance: http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q15945019
Management of pathologic node-positive disease following initial surgery for clinical T1-2 N0 esophageal cancer: patterns of care and outcomes from the national cancer data base
Creators: name: Haque, Waqar
name: Verma, Vivek
name: Bernicker, Eric
name: E. Brian Butler
name: Teh, Bin S.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Purpose: Although clinical T1-2N0 esophageal cancer (EC) is often initially surgically resected (without neoadjuvant therapy), several studies have illustrated substantial rates of discovering pathologically node-positive disease. This study evaluated national practice patterns of adjuvant therapy for this population. Methods: The National Cancer Database (NCDB) was queried (2004–2013) for patients with cT1-2N0M0 EC that received up-front surgery (esophagectomy/local techniques) with subsequent discovery of nodal metastasis. Patients receiving any neoadjuvant therapy were excluded. Multivariable logistic regression determined factors predictive of receiving adjuvant therapy. Kaplan–Meier analysis evaluated overall survival (OS), and Cox proportional hazards modeling determined variables associated with OS. Propensity score matching assessed groups in a balanced manner while reducing indication biases. Results: Altogether, 715 patients met inclusion criteria; 114 (16%) underwent adjuvant chemotherapy, 183 (26%) chemoradiation, 16 (2%) radiotherapy alone, and 402 (56%) observation. Observation was more likely performed with advanced age (p = .002) and at nonacademic centers (p = .001). Median OS in the respective cohorts were 42.6, 35.1, 22.2, and 27.0 months. Both chemotherapy and chemoradiation were statistically similar (p = .462) but superior to observation (p p p p Conclusions: In the largest study to date evaluating patterns of care for pN + disease following resection of cT1-2N0 EC, a strikingly high proportion of patients were observed. Adjuvant treatment, ideally chemotherapy or chemoradiation, independently correlated with higher survival, and should be considered in able patients. Treatment at academic facilities also associated with higher survival, which has implications for patient counseling.
Assessment of periparturient behavior in beef cattle using accelerometers
Creators: name: Bayne, J. E.
name: Walz, P. H.
Publisher: name: American Association of Bovine Practitioners  Proceedings of the Annual Conference
Year: 2015

description: A large percentage of calf death loss in cow-calf operations occurs during the intrapartum period, with the majority a result of dystocia. The usefulness of commercial activity monitors to detect changes in behavior indicative of impending parturition has not been fully explored. Research objectives included characterization of behavioral indices during the periparturient period in beef cattle and the ability of changes in behavioral indices from baseline to accurately predict impending parturition in individual cows.
description: American Association of Bovine Practitioners Proceedings of the Annual Conference, 2015