cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Development and application of renormalised perturbation theory to models with strongly correlated electrons
Creators: name: Pandis, Vasileios
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2015

description: The subject of this thesis is the application of the Renormalised Perturbation Theory (RPT) to models of magnetic impurities embedded in a non-magnetic host metal. The theoretical description of such models is particularly challenging, for they present strong correlations that render the usual perturbation theory around the non-interacting limit inapplicable. The RPT addresses this di fficulty by incorporating the concept of a quasi-particle into a perturbative framework, and organising the expansion in terms of the quasi-particle parameters of the model rather than the bare parameters; it can thus be carried out regardless of the strength of the interactions. In the present work we present an introduction to the theory and discuss in detail the calculation of the renormalised self-energy expansions for the Anderson impurity model. To cope with the complexity of high-order calculations we develop and implement a computer algorithm to automatically compute the diagrammatic expansion in the renormalised theory to any order. As a demonstration of the usefulness of the theory, we use it to calculate the conductance of a single quantum dot, and of two quantum dots with an inter-dot coupling, to leading order in the quasi-particle interaction. To perform calculations in the renormalised theory it is essential that the values of the renormalised parameters describing the quasi-particles are known. Here we develop a general method for determining them entirely within the RPT framework, which relies on constructing renormalisation flow equations relating the renormalised parameters of two models whose bare parameters differ in infinitesimally. By determining the renormalised parameters for a model with bare parameters that render it amenable to ordinary perturbation theory, and solving the flow equations to relate them to the renormalised parameters of models with progressively stronger correlations, we succeed in deducing the renormalised parameters for models with strong correlations.
Introducing RomulusC: A Cosmological Simulation of a Galaxy Cluster with Unprecedented Resolution
Creators: name: Tremmel, Michael
name: Quinn, Thomas R.
name: Ricarte, Angelo
name: Babul, Arif
name: Chadayammuri, Urmila
name: Natarajan, Priyamvada
name: Nagai, Daisuke
name: Pontzen, Andrew
name: Volonteri, Marta
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the first results from RomulusC, the highest resolution cosmological hydrodynamic simulation of a galaxy cluster run to date. RomulusC, a zoom-in simulation of a halo with $z=0$ mass $10^{14}$ M$_{\odot}$, is run with the same sub-grid physics and resolution as Romulus25 (Tremmel et al. 2017). With unprecedented mass and spatial resolution, RomulusC represents a unique opportunity to study the evolution of galaxies in dense environments down to dwarf masses. We demonstrate that RomulusC results in an intracluster medium (ICM) consistent with observations. The star formation history and stellar mass of the brightest cluster galaxy (BCG) is consistent with observations and abundance matching results, indicating that our sub-grid models, optimized only to reproduce observations of field dwarf and Milky Way mass galaxies, are able to produce reasonable galaxy masses and star formation histories in much higher mass systems. Feedback from supermassive black holes (SMBHs) regulates star formation by driving large-scale, collimated outflows that coexist with a low entropy core. We find that non-BCG cluster member galaxies are substantially quenched compared to the field down to dwarf galaxy masses and, at low masses, quenching is seen to have no dependence on mass or distance from the cluster center. This enhanced quenched population extends beyond $R_{200}$ and is in place at high redshift. Similarly, we predict that SMBH activity is significantly suppressed within clusters outside of the BCG, but show how the effect could be lost when only focusing on the brightest AGN in the most massive galaxies.
description: Submitted to MNRAS, 29 pages, 19 figures, Accepted to MNRAS
High Resolution Infrared Imaging of FSC10214+4724: Evidence for Gravitational Lensing
Creators: name: Graham, James R.
name: Liu, Michael C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present near--infrared observations of the ultraluminous high-redshift (z=2.286) IRAS source FSC 10214+4724 obtained in 0.''4 seeing at the W. M. Keck telescope. These observations show that FSC 10214+4724 consists of a highly symmetric circular arc centered on a second weaker source. The arc has an angular extent of about 140 degrees and is probably unresolved in the transverse direction. This morphology constitutes compelling prima facie evidence for a gravitationally lensed system. Our images also contain evidence for the faint counter image predicted by the lens hypothesis. The morphology of FSC 10214+4724 can be explained in terms of a gravitationally lensed background source if the object at the center of curvature of the arc is an L* galaxy at z ~ 0.4. If FSC 10214+4724 is lensed then there is significant magnification and its luminosity has been overestimated by a large factor. Our results suggest FSC~10214+4724 is not a uniquely luminous object but ranks amo ng the most powerful quasars and ultraluminous IRAS galaxies.
description: 17 pages with 4 figures
Hybrid organic/inorganic micro-pixellated light-emitting devices based on the optical pumping of organic polymer gain media
Creators: name: Andersen, Diego
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2015

description: This thesis describes the work carried out under HYPIX, a collaborative research project aimed at developing hybrid organic/inorganic optoelectronic devices, with particular focus given to imaging systems used in the optical pumping of organic polymer gain media. State-of-the-art generations of inorganic light-emitting diodes are presented, along with an overview of the evolution of such devices over the years. A brief outlook is also given on current advances in organic semiconductor gain materials research, as well as laser cavity design. The challenges in designing an optical system capable of pumping organic materials with highly divergent light sources are highlighted, together with the methods that were used to overcome them. Various attempts at optically pumping several organic materials are detailed, highlighting the importance of combining several factors such as energy density, pump spot size and pump pulse duration all at once in order to achieve lasing in this new type of hybrid device. Possible improvements which could in the future lead to the first indirectly electrically pumped organic semiconductor laser are listed. Secondary experiments are also described, covering the proof-of-concept use of computer- controlled, inorganic micro-scale light sources as a spatially-resolving spectrometer for organic polymer targets. A deviation of under 10 % from absorbance values calculated for the samples using a commercial spectrometer is shown.
Myrmecophaga tridactyla Linnaeus, 1758, spec. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1758
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Pilosa
Myrmecophagidae
Myrmecophaga
Myrmecophaga tridactyla

description: Myrmecophaga tridactyla [spec. nov.]
M. palmis tridactylis, plantis pentadactylis. Syst. nat. 8.
Tamandua-guacu Marcgr. bras. 225. Seb. mus. 1. p. 60. t. 37. f. 2. & t. 40. f. 1. Raj. quadr. 241.
Habitat in America meridionali.
Victitat Formicis, insectis, quorum nidos ungue secat.
Macula nigra a pectore versus latus ducta. Mammae Pectorales 2, Abdominales 6; lente currit, cauda lata instar muscarii se tegit, arbores etiam scandit.
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1758, Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on page 35, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.542, http://zenodo.org/record/3922206
Beekeeping and the Need for Pollination from an Agricultural Perspective in Egypt
Creators: name: Naggar, Yahya Al
name: Codling, Garry
name: Giesy, John P.
name: Safer, Anton
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer

description: Beekeeping and the Need for Pollination from an Agricultural Perspective in Egypt
The Host Galaxy of GRB 970508
Creators: name: Bloom, J. S.
name: Djorgovski, S. G.
name: Kulkarni, S. R.
name: Frail, D. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present late-time imaging and spectroscopic observations of the optical transient (OT) of gamma-ray burst (GRB) 970508. Imaging observations roughly 200 and 300 days after the burst provide unambiguous evidence for the flattening of the light-curve. The spectroscopic observations reveal two persistent features which we identify with [O II] 3727 Angstrom and [Ne III] 3869 Angstrom at a redshift of z= 0.835 -- the same redshift as the absorption system seen when the transient was bright. The OT was coincident with the underlying galaxy to better than 370 milliarcsec or a projected radial separation of less than 2.7 kpc. The luminosity of the [O II] line implies a minimum star-formation rate of > 1 M_solar per year. In our assumed cosmology, the implied restframe absolute magnitude is M_B = -18.55, or L_B = 0.12 L_*. This object, the likely host of GRB 970508, can thus be characterized as an actively star-forming dwarf galaxy. The close spatial connection between this dwarf galaxy and the GRB requires that at least some fraction of progenitors be not ejected in even the weakest galactic potentials.
description: Submitted to the Astrophysical Journal Letters (30 July 1998). Five pages including one table and two figures, written in LaTeX using the emulateapj and psfig macros
Metrology of Complex Refractive Index for Solids in the Terahertz Regime Using Frequency Domain Spectroscopy
Creators: name: Chick, Steven
name: Murdin, Ben
name: Matmon, Guy
name: Naftaly, Mira
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Frequency domain spectroscopy allows an experimenter to establish optical properties of solids in a wide frequency band including the technically challenging 10 THz region, and in other bands enables metrological comparison between competing techniques. We advance a method for extracting the optical properties of high-index solids using only transmission-mode frequency domain spectroscopy of plane-parallel Fabry-Perot optical flats. We show that different data processing techniques yield different kinds of systematic error, and that some commonly used techniques have inherent systematic errors which are underappreciated. We use model datasets to cross-compare algorithms in isolation from experimental errors, and propose a new algorithm which has qualitatively different systematic errors to its competitors. We show that our proposal is more robust to experimental non-idealities such as noise or apodization, and extract the complex refractive index spectrum of crystalline silicon as a practical example. Finally, we advance the idea that algorithms are complementary rather than competitive, and should be used together as part of a toolbox for better metrology.
description: 21 pages, 11 figures, 4 appendices
Control strategies for series hybrid electric vehicles
Creators: name: Shabbir, Wassif
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2015

description: This thesis deals with the energy management problem of series hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs), where the objective is to maximize fuel economy for general driving. The work employs a high-fidelity model that has been refined to deliver appropriate level of dynamics (for the purposes of this research) at an acceptable computational burden. The model is then used to design, test and study established conventional control strategies, which then act as benchmarks and inspiration for proposed novel control strategies. A family of efficiency maximizing map strategies (EMMS) are developed based on a thorough and holistic analysis of the powertrain efficiencies. The real-time variants are found to deliver impressive fuel economy, and the global variant is found to outperform the conventional global benchmark. Two heuristic strategies are developed (exclusive operation strategy (XOS) and optimal primary source strategy (OPSS)) that are found to deliver significantly better fuel economy results, compared to conventional alternatives, and further desirable traits. This is found to be particularly related to the better use of modern start stop systems (SSSs) that has not been considered sufficiently in the past. A global heuristic strategy (GHS) is presented that successfully outperforms the conventional global benchmark without any particularly complex analysis. This exposes some of the limitations of optimization-based techniques that have been developed for simple vehicle models. Lastly, the sensitivity of the performance of the control strategies has been studied for variations in tuning accuracy, SSS efficiency, vehicle initial conditions, and general driving conditions. This allows a deeper insight into each control strategy, exposing strengths and limitations that have not been apparent from past work.
Analysis of Non-Linear Mode Coupling of Cosmological Density Fluctuations by the Pseudo-Spectral Method
Creators: name: Gouda, Naoteru
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The pseudo-spectral method is proposed for following the evolution of density and velocity fluctuations at the weakly non-linear stage in the expanding universe with a good accuracy. In this method, the evolution of density and velocity fluctuations is integrated in the Fourier Space with using FFT. This method is very useful to investigate accurately the non-linear dynamics in the weakly non-linear regime. Because the pseudo-spectral method works directly in the Fourier space, it should be especially useful for examining behavior in the Fourier domain, for an example, the effects of the non-linear coupling of different wave modes on the evolution of the power spectrum. I show the results of this analysis both in one and three dimensional systems.
description: 12 pages+3 figures, uuencoded, tar compressed Postscript. To appear in Prog.Theor.Phys.vol.94
Trilaciclib and the economic value of multilineage myeloprotection from chemotherapy-induced myelosuppression among patients with extensive-stage small cell lung cancer treated with first-line chemotherapy
Creators: name: Abraham, Ivo
name: Onyekwere, Uchenna
name: Deniz, Baris
name: Moran, Donald
name: Chioda, Marc
name: MacDonald, Karen
name: Huang, Huan
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Proliferating hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) are susceptible to chemotherapy-induced damage, resulting in myelosuppressive adverse events (AEs) such as neutropenia, anemia, and thrombocytopenia that are associated with high health care costs and decreased quality of life (QoL). In this study, a trial-based cost-effectiveness analysis was performed to help assess the economic impact of administering trilaciclib, a myeloprotective therapy that protects multilineage HSPCs from chemotherapy-induced damage, prior to standard first-line chemotherapy, using data from a pivotal Phase II study of trilaciclib in the setting of extensive-stage small cell lung cancer (ES-SCLC, NCT03041311). The aim of this study was to assess the cost-effectiveness of administering trilaciclib prior to chemotherapy versus chemotherapy alone among patients with ES-SCLC from a United States payer perspective. Data on the rate and frequency of myelosuppressive AEs and health utility were derived from the pivotal study of trilaciclib. Costs of managing myelosuppressive AEs and costs of chemotherapy treatment were sourced from published literature. Outcomes included the number of myelosuppressive AEs, costs (in 2021 US dollars), quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs), incremental cost, incremental QALY, and an incremental cost-effectiveness ratio. Administering trilaciclib prior to chemotherapy was associated with a reduction in neutropenia (82%), febrile neutropenia (75%), anemia (43%), and thrombocytopenia (96%) compared with chemotherapy alone. Additionally, trilaciclib prior to chemotherapy was cost-saving compared with chemotherapy alone ($99,919 vs $118,759, respectively) and associated with QALY improvement (0.150 vs 0.145, respectively). Probabilistic sensitivity analyses showed 58% of iterations projecting cost savings and QALY improvement with trilaciclib. The findings suggest that the use of trilaciclib prior to first-line chemotherapy in patients with ES-SCLC can be cost-beneficial owing to fewer myelosuppressive AEs and lower costs, together with a favorable QoL profile.
Application of the Galerkin method to the problem of stellar stability, gravitational collapse and black hole formation
Creators: name: Bisnovatyi-Kogan, G. S.
name: Dorodnitsyn, A. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Approximate approach based on the Galerkin method is suggested for the investigation of equilibrium stellar models, a relativistic collapse problem and black hole formation. Some results of its simplified version - energetic method- are reviewed, and equations for general Gelerkin method are presented.
description: 18 pages, 1 figure
Structural studies of Immune Mapped Protein 1 (IMP1) homologues in apicomplexan parasites
Creators: name: Benjamin, Stefi Victoria
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2016

description: Apicomplexan parasites are responsible for causing a number of diseases in humans and animals. Toxoplasma gondii is known to cause toxoplasmosis in humans, Eimeria tenella is known to cause coccidiosis in chickens and Plasmodium falciparum is known to cause malaria in humans. These parasites place a huge burden on global health and on the global economy. Current methods of treatment are losing effectiveness, raising the need for new ways to combat these diseases. Identifying vaccine candidates against apicomplexan parasites has been the focus of recent research. Immune Mapped Protein 1 (IMP1) is a novel antigenic protein which was first identified in Eimeria maxima. Recent research has shown that immunisation with IMP1 raises immunity against the parasite in a species specific manner. However, the structure and function of IMP1 is not known. Here we report the structure of the IMP homologue from Plasmodium falciparum (PfIMP2) solved using solution state Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR). The structure of PfIMP2 has revealed that IMP homologues have a conserved C-terminal IMP domain. Recent research has also revealed that the IMP domain is the immune-dominant region in the IMP homologues. We also report that there are two classes of IMP homologues within apicomplexans. This redundancy of the protein within the parasites suggests that IMP homologues play an important role within the parasite. In vitro experiments performed to gain some insight on the functional role played by IMP proteins within the parasites are also reported. Although the function of the IMP homologues is yet to be deduced, the immunogenic nature of these homologues makes them interesting candidates to study.
Statistics of optical intraday variability in a complete sample of radio-selected BL Lac objects
Creators: name: Heidt, Jochen
name: Wagner, Stefan J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a study of the intraday variability behaviour of a complete sample of radio-selected BL Lac objects taken from the 1 Jy catalogue. In 28 out of 34 BL Lac objects (82\%) we detected intraday variability. 7 objects were observed during several campaigns. None of them changed its variability behaviour. The duty cycle in radio-loud BL Lac objects is very high, i.e. at least 0.8. The typical peak-to-peak amplitudes of the variability were 30\%. By means of structure function and autocorrelation analyses we investigated the typical time-scales of the variability and determined the activity of the BL Lac objects. In 21 of the variable BL Lac objects we were able to measure a typical time-scale, which lies in the range between 0.5 and 3 days. In general, the results can be explained by the standard model, where shocks are propagating down a relativistic jet. However, in the two most densely sampled observations we found variability characteristics, which cannot easily be explained by the standard model alone, demonstrating that at least in these objects alternative models should be taken into account. Nevertheless, all models, which are able to explain variability on time-scales of days must be able to consider the high duty cycle of these BL Lac objects.
description: 12 pages (postscript, without figures) in an uuencoded, tarred, compressed file. 10 figures on 3 postscript files available from: jheidt@hp4.lsw.uni-heidelberg.de Accepted for publication in A&A
Additional file 2 of High levels of third-stage larvae (L3) overwinter survival for multiple cattle gastrointestinal nematode species on western Canadian pastures as revealed by ITS2 rDNA metabarcoding
Creators: name: Wang, Tong
name: Avramenko, Russell W.
name: Redman, Elizabeth M.
name: Wit, Janneke
name: Gilleard, John S.
name: Colwell, Douglas D.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 2: Alignment S2. Database used in the bioinformatics analysis which contains all available ITS2 rDNA sequences from the relevant nematodes. It is a combination of our own reference sequences and those from public databases.
A theoretical unifying scheme for gamma-ray bright blazars
Creators: name: Ghisellini, G.
name: Celotti, A.
name: Fossati, G.
name: Maraschi, L.
name: Comastri, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The phenomenology of gamma-ray bright blazars can be accounted for by a sequence in the source power and intensity of the diffuse radiation field surrounding the relativistic jet. Correspondingly, the equilibrium particle distribution peaks at different energies. This leads to a trend in the observed properties: an increase of the observed power corresponds to: 1) a decrease in the frequencies of the synchrotron and inverse Compton peaks; 2) an increase in the ratio of the powers of the high and low energy spectral components. Objects along this sequence would be observationally classified respectively as high frequency BL Lac objects, low frequency BL Lac objects, highly polarized quasars and lowly polarized quasars. The proposed scheme is based on the correlations among the physical parameters derived in the present paper by applying to 51 gamma ray loud blazars two of the most accepted scenarios for the broad band emission of blazars, namely the synchrotron self--Compton and external Compton models, and explains the observational trends presented by Fossati et al. (1998) in a companion paper, dealing with the spectral energy distributions of all blazars. This gives us confidence that our scheme applies to all blazars as a class.
description: 25 pages, 11 figures, uses mn.sty and psfig.tex. Accepted for publication in MNRAS
The boundary dual of the bulk symplectic form
Creators: name: Belin, Alexandre
name: Lewkowycz, Aitor
name: Sárosi, Gábor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we study the overlaps of wavefunctionals prepared by turning on sources in the Euclidean path integral. For nearby states, these overlaps give rise to a Kahler structure on the space of sources, which is naturally induced by the Fubini-Study metric. The Kahler form obtained this way can also be thought of as a Berry curvature and, for holographic field theories, we show that it is identical to the gravitational symplectic form in the bulk. We discuss some possible applications of this observation, in particular a boundary prescription to calculate the variation of the volume of a maximal slice.
description: 6 pages, 1 figure, v2: published version
Stellar-mass black holes in young massive and open stellar clusters and their role in gravitational-wave generation III: dissecting black hole dynamics
Creators: name: Banerjee, Sambaran
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Stellar-remnant black holes (BH) in dense stellar clusters comprise a natural setup to trigger general-relativistic (GR) inspiral and merger of binary black holes (BBH), detectable by the LISA and the LIGO-Virgo, through dynamical encounters inside such environments. In this work, the intricacies of such dynamical interactions are probed utilizing realistic, self-consistent, post-Newtonian, direct N-body evolutionary models of young massive and open stellar clusters. Particularly, the configurations of the compact subsystems, that drive the in-cluster GR BBH coalescences, are tracked on the fly. Such an approach reveals that the GR coalescences within the open clusters take place primarily via chaotic interactions involving triple BH systems. Although less frequently, such mergers are found to happen also in higher-order subsystems such as quadruples and in subsystems involving non-BH members; the mergers can themselves be BH---non-BH, which events would leave electromagnetic signatures. Close, fly-by encounters inside the clusters can also make BBHs and other types of double-compact binaries temporarily post-Newtonian; such binaries would potentially contribute to the GW background for the LISA and the PTA. These calculations, furthermore, suggest that open clusters are potential hosts for not only detached BH---main-sequence binaries, as recently identified in the globular cluster NGC 3201, but also a wide variety of other types of remnant---non-remnant binaries, which are assembled via dynamical interactions inside the clusters and which have the prospects of being discovered in radial-velocity surveys.
description: 32 pages, 19 figures, 1 table. Accepted for publication in MNRAS on Sep 17, 2018. Matches the accepted version (new discussions and clarifications are added and the illustrations are improved in terms of readability)
More important and surprising actions of a moral exemplar trigger stronger admiration and inspiration
Creators: name: Ven, Niels Van De
name: Archer, Alfred T. M.
name: Engelen, Bart
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Admiring a moral role model has been found to inspire people to become better persons themselves. But what are the antecedents that trigger admiration and thus make inspiration more likely? In three studies, we tested the effect of perceived importance and perceived surprisingness of the moral action on resulting admiration and inspiration. Study 1 finds that perceived importance, and to a lesser extent, the perceived surprisingness of a moral action, are related to stronger admiration. Manipulating the perceived importance of the same moral action by only providing a little more detail about the moral action, could increase the admiration and inspiration the role models elicit (Studies 2 and 3). Our findings help the understanding of how moral exemplars trigger inspiration and provide valuable insights into further investigation toward the causes of admiration.
The conservation of polymeric materials in museum collections using advanced surface science and surface analysis techniques
Creators: name: Fricker, Anna L.
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2016

description: This thesis describes the research work performed to determine the effect of conservation cleaning treatments on plastics that might be encountered in the museum environment. As part of this work, surface analysis techniques were used to examine the changes occurring to the surfaces of two plastics, polystyrene and poly(methyl methacrylate), following the application of seven different cleaning treatments. Substrates were analysed using optical microscopy, white light interferometry, scanning electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy and time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry in conjunction with principal component analysis of the data. The use of sophisticated analysis techniques enabled the characterisation of surface changes at the sub-micron scale. Experimental data obtained for virgin sheet polystyrene substrates revealed surface damage due to cleaning in the form of scratching, attributed in part to the mechanical action of the cloth over the substrate. Residues from surfactants were also detected and were still present after repeated rinsing. The addition of an artificial carbonaceous soil to the surface was found to result in the appearance of scratches on PMMA and a change in the topography of scratches formed on polystyrene due to abrasion from the soil. Accelerated ageing of the substrates revealed changes to the plastics’ bulk properties and surface chemistry, as well as the appearance of formations on the polystyrene surface. Further indications of damage caused by cleaning also became apparent with ageing. The cleaning behaviour of aged polystyrene substrates was found to be notably different to that of the unaged substrates. Finally, the initial physical and chemical condition of a real-world object was characterised and its cleaning behaviour evaluated, enabling comparison with the virgin polystyrene substrate. The findings from this work provide valuable information regarding the microscopic changes that can occur to plastic substrates as a result of cleaning and the implications for their future stability.
title: Paratexte_L'Illusionniste amateur
Creators: name: AmateurS
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2020

description: Paratexte
description: ID_PARA_00884
Additional file 1 of GetOrganelle: a fast and versatile toolkit for accurate de novo assembly of organelle genomes
Creators: name: Jin, Jian-Jun
name: Yu, Wen-Bin
name: Yang, Jun-Bo
name: Song, Yu
name: dePamphilis, Claude W.
name: Yi, Ting-Shuang
name: Li, De-Zhu
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1: Figure S1. Reads mapping comparisons among the plastomes reassembled using GetOrganelle and NOVOPlasty, and the plastome from GenBank (KY085912) based on the same raw data SRR5602602 (Laurus nobilis L.). Figure S2. The covering positions and corresponding coverages at the plastome of newly captured reads during each round using GetOrganelle, with different arguments. A whole plastome and an rbcL region (right) from a gymnosperm species Gnetum parvifolium (Warb.) W.C.Cheng (GenBank nucleotide accession number: NC_011942.1) as the seed to assemble the plastome of an angiosperm species Haberlea rhodopensis from an online WGS dataset (GenBank SRA accession number: SRR4428742).
Stochastic Model Predictive Control for Linear Systems using Probabilistic Reachable Sets
Creators: name: Hewing, Lukas
name: Zeilinger, Melanie N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: In this paper we propose a stochastic model predictive control (MPC) algorithm for linear discrete-time systems affected by possibly unbounded additive disturbances and subject to probabilistic constraints. Constraints are treated in analogy to robust MPC using a constraint tightening based on the concept of probabilistic reachable sets, which is shown to provide closed-loop fulfillment of chance constraints under a unimodality assumption on the disturbance distribution. A control scheme reverting to a backup solution from a previous time step in case of infeasibility is proposed, for which an asymptotic average performance bound is derived. Two examples illustrate the approach, highlighting closed-loop chance constraint satisfaction and the benefits of the proposed controller in the presence of unmodeled disturbances.
description: 57th IEEE Conference on Decision and Control, 2018
Radiation gasdynamics of planetary nebulae -- VI. The evolution of aspherical planetary nebulae
Creators: name: Mellema, Garrelt
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper reports the results of the numerical study of the formation of aspherical Planetary Nebulae through the Generalised Interacting Winds Model, taking into account the effects caused by the evolving central star and fast wind. The results show for the first time that aspherical nebulae do form within the required time scale. Consideration of the development of the nebula shows that in the early stages it is the ionization of the aspherical AGB wind that contributes considerably to the shaping of the nebula. Furthermore the passing through of the ionization front may modifies the density distribution in the slow wind, leading to the formation of a surrounding envelope, and sometimes a different morphology for the nebula than was to be expected from the initial conditions. I consider how the different phases of ionization fronts and wind swept bubbles can be observationally distinguished.
description: 21 pages, uuencoded compressed Postscript, without the figures; accepted by MNRAS; also available (_with_ included figures) in ftp://axp1.ast.man.ac.uk/outgoing/gm/mn_pnVI.v2f.ps.Z and on http://saturn.ma.umist.ac.uk/Preprints2.html/
Derivative of the disturbance with respect to information from quantum measurements
Creators: name: Terashima, Hiroaki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: To study the trade-off between information and disturbance, we obtain the first and second derivatives of the disturbance with respect to information for a fundamental class of quantum measurements. We focus on measurements lying on the boundaries of the physically allowed regions in four information--disturbance planes, using the derivatives to investigate the slopes and curvatures of these boundaries and hence clarify the shapes of the allowed regions.
description: 28 pages, 5 figures
Bioligninolysis: degradation of ionic liquid derived lignin by Rhodococcus
Creators: name: Azman, Hazeeq
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2015

description: There has been much recent interest in using ionic liquids for processing lignocellulosic biomass. While cellulose has an acknowledged application in generating biofuels, it would be valuable to use the abundant lignin present as well. Rhodococcus has been reported previously to degrade lignin. Therefore, it is attractive to consider a scheme in which an ionic liquid is also used to enhance the microbial breakdown of lignin (bioligninolysis). By using vanillic acid as model compound (Chapter 3), results showed that Rhodococcus UKMP-5M is able to degrade vanillic acid as a sole carbon source at 10mM concentration to give the highest growth rate. An oxygen-dependent reaction degrades vanillic acid into protocatechuic acid and formate in a previously undescribed metabolic pathway. In Chapter 4, GC-MS demonstrated guaiacol as the major product of lignin degradation and the lignin degradation assay indicates that the treatment of lignin with ionic liquids assist the lignin degradation despite some ionic liquids showing a toxicity effect on the cells. Toxicological studies (Chapter 5) demonstrated different ionic liquids show varying toxicity to the bacteria. By using classical disk diffusion test in screening 16 different ionic liquids, it was revealed that the toxicity is correlated with the size of the ionic alkyl chain; however, the carbon atom count, not the structure or the distribution of those atoms in the cation, correlates directly with the toxicity. The strongest link was discovered with pH effects rather than with structure in the toxicity of acidic ionic liquids. We also propose that the octanol-water partition coefficient (Kow) has the controlling impact on the toxicity of ionic liquids. Bacterial growth curves exhibited three different trends: a complete inhibition, an increase in toxicity with an increase of ionic liquid concentration and the extension of the lag phase due to bacterial adaptation. This study established that Rhodococcus UKMP-5M could adapt and grow in the presence of ionic liquids with 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate, [Emim][OAc] as the most promising candidate in designing an ionic liquid-facilitated system of bioligninolysis.
title: 01_2373
Creators: name: Wesley Baldwin, John
name: Baldwin, John W.
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: LaMOP
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris

description: L'ensemble de ces notes ont été crée par John Baldwin lors d'une de ses premières périodes de résidence à Paris. Ces documents comprennent tous les magistri qu’il avait pu rencontrer dans ses sources. Aux XIIème et XIIIème siècles, les universités n'existant pas encore, le titre de magister s'il évoque certainement une compétence n'est pas rattaché de façon systématique au passage par les écoles. De surcroît, les magistris sont le plus souvent désignés par leur seul prénom. La lecture de ces données est donc difficile et suppose un long travail pour tenter d'identifier un individu auquel on pourrait rattacher plusieurs mentions. John Baldwin avait donc renoncé à utiliser ces données pour donner un prolongement à sa magnifique étude sur les gradués d'université et leur emploi par les Capétiens et les Plantagenêts. Néanmoins, il a conservé ces données et elles sont potentiellement très utile dans le cadre de Studium, comme le sont toutes les mentions dans les volumes des Fasti Ecclesiae Gallicanae de chanoines portant ce titre de magister sans autres précisions. L'ampleur des dépouillements rend ces données très utiles et nous devons une grande reconnaissance à John Baldwin pour avoir pris la peine de faire photocopier ses fiches et de nous les avoir transmises amicalement.
Les données ainsi que les images des fiches sont accessibles sur le site Internet à l'adresse suivante : http://studium-baldwin.lamop.fr/.
Les transcriptions des fiches ont été effectuées par des étudiants de Paris 1 Panthéon - Sorbonne mais elles n'ont pas été corrigées par la suite.
description: Relation: https://lamop.hypotheses.org/
The EXOSAT medium-energy slew survey catalog
Creators: name: Reynolds, A. P.
name: Parmar, A. N.
name: Hakala, P. J.
name: Pollock, A. M. T.
name: Williams, O. R.
name: Peacock, A.
name: Taylor, B. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a catalog of X-ray sources observed during slew maneuvers by the Medium Energy Detector Array onboard the EXOSAT Observatory. The EXOSAT Medium Energy slew-survey catalog (EXMS) provides a unique record of the 1--8 keV X-ray sky between 1983 and 1986. 98% of the sky was observed, with 85% receiving an exposure of >60 s. 1210 sources were detected. By comparing these source positions with other catalogs, identifications are given for 992 detections (82% of the sample). These identifications consist of 250 distinct objects, including 95 different X-ray binary systems, and 14 different AGN. A further 58 detections have multiple candidates, while 160 detections remain unidentified. Collimator transmission corrected 1-8 keV count rates are given for the identified sources, together with raw count rates for the other detections. The construction of the EXMS and the checks performed to ensure the validity of the derived source properties are discussed. A publically available version of this catalog is maintained on the EXOSAT database and archive system (telnet://xray@exosat.estec.esa.nl).
description: 52 pages. 22 Figures. To be published in A&AS. For more information, see http://astro.estec.esa.nl/SA-general/Projects/Exosat/exmsintro.html
Computer assisted analysis of contrast enhanced ultrasound images for quantification in vascular diseases
Creators: name: Cheung, Wing Keung
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2016

description: Contrast enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) with microbubble contrast agents has shown great potential in imaging microvasculature, quantifying perfusion and hence detecting vascular diseases. However, most existing perfusion quantification methods based on image intensity, and are susceptible to confounding factors such as attenuation artefacts. Improving reproducibility is also a key challenge to clinical translation. Therefore, this thesis aims at developing attenuation correction and quantification techniques in CEUS with applications for detection and quantification of microvascular flow / perfusion. Firstly, a technique for automatic correction of attenuation effects in vascular imaging was developed and validated on a tissue mimicking phantom. The application of this technique to studying contrast enhancement of carotid adventitial vasa vasorum as a biomarker of radiation-induced atherosclerosis was demonstrated. The results showed great potential in reducing attenuation artefact and improve quantification in CEUS of carotid arteries. Furthermore, contrast intensity was shown to significantly increase in irradiated carotid arteries and could be a useful imaging biomarker for radiation-induced atherosclerosis. Secondly, a robust and automated tool for quantification of microbubble identification in CEUS image sequences using a temporal and spatial analysis was developed and validated on a flow phantom. The application of this technique to evaluate human musculoskeletal microcirculation with contrast enhanced ultrasound was demonstrated. The results showed an excellent accuracy and repeatability in quantifying active vascular density. It has great potential for clinical translation in the assessment of lower limb perfusion. Finally, a new bubble activity identification and quantification technique based on differential intensity projection in CEUS was developed and demonstrated with an in-vivo study, and applied to the quantification of intraplaque neovascularisation in an irradiated carotid artery of patients who were previously treated for head and neck cancer. The results showed a significantly more specific identification of bubble signals and had good agreement between the differential intensity-based technique and clinical visual assessment. This technique has potential to assist clinicians to diagnose and monitor intraplque neovascularisation.
Controlling the uncertain response of real multiplex networks to random damage
Creators: name: Coghi, Francesco
name: Radicchi, Filippo
name: Bianconi, Ginestra
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We reveal large fluctuations in the response of real multiplex networks to random damage of nodes. These results indicate that the average response to random damage, traditionally considered in mean-field approaches to percolation, is a poor metric of system robustness. We show instead that a large deviation approach to percolation provides a more accurate characterization of system robustness. We identify an effective percolation threshold at which we observe a clear abrupt transition separating two distinct regimes in which the most likely response to damage is either a functional or a dismantled multiplex network. We leverage our findings to propose a new metric, named safeguard centrality, able to single out the nodes that control the response of the entire multiplex network to random damage. We show that safeguarding the function of top-scoring nodes is sufficient to prevent system collapse.
description: (12 pages, 9 figures and Supplementary Information)
The First Space-Based Gravitational-Wave Detectors
Creators: name: Caldwell, R. R.
name: Kamionkowski, Marc
name: Wadley, Leven
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Gravitational waves provide a laboratory for general relativity and a window to energetic astrophysical phenomena invisible with electromagnetic radiation. Several terrestrial detectors are currently under construction, and a space-based interferometer is envisioned for launch early next century to detect test-mass motions induced by waves of relatively short wavelength. Very-long-wavelength gravitational waves can be detected using the plasma in the early Universe as test masses; the motion induced in the plasma by a wave is imprinted onto the cosmic microwave background (CMB). While the signature of gravitational waves on the CMB temperature fluctuations is not unique, the polarization pattern can be used to unambiguously detect gravitational radiation. Thus, forthcoming CMB polarization experiments, such as MAP and Planck, will be the first space-based gravitational-wave detectors.
description: 5 pages, 3 postscript figures
Non-equilibrium Quantum Spin Dynamics from 2PI Functional Integral Techniques in the Schwinger Boson Representation
Creators: name: Schuckert, A.
name: Orioli, A. Piñeiro
name: Berges, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a non-equilibrium quantum field theory approach to the initial-state dynamics of spin models based on two-particle irreducible (2PI) functional integral techniques. It employs a mapping of spins to Schwinger bosons for arbitrary spin interactions and spin lengths. At next-to-leading order (NLO) in an expansion in the number of field components, a wide range of non-perturbative dynamical phenomena are shown to be captured, including relaxation of magnetizations in a 3D long-range interacting system with quenched disorder, different relaxation behaviour on both sides of a quantum phase transition and the crossover from relaxation to arrest of dynamics in a disordered spin chain previously shown to exhibit many-body-localization. Where applicable, we employ alternative state-of-the-art techniques and find rather good agreement with our 2PI NLO results. As our method can handle large system sizes and converges relatively quickly to its thermodynamic limit, it opens the possibility to study those phenomena in higher dimensions in regimes in which no other efficient methods exist. Furthermore, the approach to classical dynamics can be investigated as the spin length is increased.