cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Hormonal contraceptive methods and risk of HIV acquisition in women: a systematic review of epidemiological evidence
Creators: name: Steyn, Petrus S.
name: Raymond, Elizabeth
name: Hannaford, Philip
name: Westreich, Daniel J.
name: Curtis, Kathryn M.
name: Turner, Abigail Norris
name: Polis, Chelsea B.
name: Phillips, Sharon J.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: AbstractWhether use of various types of hormonal contraception (HC) affect risk of HIV acquisition is a critical question for women's health. For this systematic review, we identified 22 studies published by January 15, 2014 which met inclusion criteria; we classified thirteen studies as having severe methodological limitations, and nine studies as "informative but with important limitations". Overall, data do not support an association between use of oral contraceptives and increased risk of HIV acquisition. Uncertainty persists regarding whether an association exists between depot-medroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA) use and risk of HIV acquisition. Most studies suggested no significantly increased HIV risk with norethisterone enanthate (NET-EN) use, but when assessed in the same study, point estimates for NET-EN tended to be larger than for DMPA, though 95% confidence intervals overlapped substantially. No data have suggested significantly increased risk of HIV acquisition with use of implants, though data were limited. No data are available on the relationship between use of contraceptive patches, rings, or hormonal intrauterine devices and risk of HIV acquisition. Women choosing progestin-only injectable contraceptives such as DMPA or NET-EN should be informed of the current uncertainty regarding whether use of these methods increases risk of HIV acquisition, and like all women at risk of HIV, should be empowered to access and use condoms and other HIV preventative measures. Programs, practitioners, and women urgently need guidance on how to maximize health with respect to avoiding both unintended pregnancy and HIV given inconclusive or limited data for certain HC methods.
On the Observed Diversity of Star Formation Efficiencies in Giant Molecular Clouds
Creators: name: Grisdale, Kearn
name: Agertz, Oscar
name: Renaud, Florent
name: Romeo, Alessandro B.
name: Devriendt, Julien
name: Slyz, Adrianne
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Observations find a median star formation efficiency per free-fall time in Milky Way Giant Molecular Clouds (GMCs) on the order of $ε_{\rm ff}\sim 1\%$ with dispersions of $\sim0.5\,{\rm dex}$. The origin of this scatter in $ε_{\rm ff}$ is still debated and difficult to reproduce with analytical models. We track the formation, evolution and destruction of GMCs in a hydrodynamical simulation of a Milky Way-like galaxy and by deriving cloud properties in an observationally motivated way, measure the distribution of star formation efficiencies which are in excellent agreement with observations. We find no significant link between $ε_{\rm ff}$ and any measured global property of GMCs (e.g. gas mass, velocity dispersion). Instead, a wide range of efficiencies exist in the entire parameter space. From the cloud evolutionary tracks, we find that each cloud follow a \emph{unique} evolutionary path which gives rise to wide diversity in all properties. We argue that it is this diversity in cloud properties, above all else, that results in the dispersion of $ε_{\rm ff}$.
description: 10 pages, 6 figures, accepted for publication in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
Wave-Mean Flow Interactions in the Atmospheric Circulation of Tidally Locked Planets
Creators: name: Hammond, Mark
name: Pierrehumbert, Raymond T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use a linear shallow-water model to investigate the global circulation of the atmospheres of tidally locked planets. Simulations, observations, and simple models show that if these planets are sufficiently rapidly rotating, their atmospheres have an eastward equatorial jet and a hot-spot east of the substellar point. We linearize the shallow-water model about this eastward flow and its associated height perturbation. The forced solutions of this system show that the shear flow explains the form of the global circulation, particularly the hot-spot shift and the positions of the cold standing waves on the night-side. We suggest that the eastward hot-spot shift seen in observations and 3D simulations of these atmospheres is caused by the zonal flow Doppler-shifting the stationary wave response eastwards, summed with the height perturbation from the flow itself. This differs from other studies which explained the hot-spot shift as pure advection of heat from air flowing eastward from the substellar point, or as equatorial waves travelling eastwards. We compare our solutions to simulations in our climate model Exo-FMS, and show that the height fields and wind patterns match. We discuss how planetary properties affect the global circulation, and how they change observables such as the hot-spot shift or day-night contrast. We conclude that the wave-mean flow interaction between the stationary planetary waves and the equatorial jet is a vital part of the equilibrium circulation on tidally locked planets.
description: Accepted by ApJ
Unoccupied electronic states of Au(113): theory and experiment
Creators: name: Haeberle, Patricio
name: Ibanez, Wladimir
name: Esparza, Rolando
name: Vargas, Patricio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present results from Inverse photoemission spectroscopy in the isochromat mode, with angular resolution, from the clean Au(113) surface. To identify the origin of the different resonances we have performed first principles calculations of the bulk band structure in the LMTO formalism. Using the particular characteristic of the spectrometer we have made a theoretical prediction of the bulk features dispersion as a function of parallel momentum, considering only energy and momentum conservation. Thus we have been able to unambiguously identify, from measured spectra various bulk derived resonances in addition to two surface resonances and a surface state in the [-110] and [33-2] directions respectively.
description: aprox. 7 pages, 10 figures
Processo de certificação AQUA para edifícios hospitalares sustentáveis e o gerenciamento de projetos: aspectos do guia PMBOK
Creators: name: SCHERER, CHRISTINE MARTINS
name: BARROS, FRIEDA SAICLA
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: hospital architecture, AQUA certification, PMBOK guide.

description: This paper aims to reflect on the French Environmental AQUA Building High Quality Certification process, adapted to the Brazilian model by the Vanzolini Foundation, in relation to the PMBOK project management guide created in the USA. The methodology has exploratory and qualitative character and the results point to the importance of project management methodologies as an element of compatibility of interests and production of sustainable hospital architecture projects.
Construction of RG improved effective potential in a two real scalar system
Creators: name: Ookane, Hideaki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the improvement of effective potential by renormalization group (RG) equation in a two real scalar system. We clarify the logarithmic structure of the effective potential in this model. Based on the analysis of the logarithmic structure of it, we find that the RG improved effective potential up to $L$-th-to-leading log order can be calculated by the $L$-loop effective potential and $(L+1)$-loop $β$ and $γ$ functions. To obtain the RG improved effective potential, we choose the mass eigenvalue as a renormalization scale. If another logarithm at the renormalization scale is large, we decouple the heavy particle from the RG equation and we must modify the RG improved effective potential. In this paper we treat such a situation and evaluate the RG improved effective potential. Although this method was previously developed in a single scalar case, we implement the method in a two real scalar system. The feature of this method is that the choice of the renormalization scale does't change even in a calculation of higher leading log order. Following the our method one can derive the RG improved effective potential in a multiple scalar model.
description: 21 pages, 8 figures
Additional file 10 of Integration of Solexa sequences on an ultradense genetic map in Brassica rapa L.
Creators: name: Li, Wei
name: Zhang, Jiefu
name: Mou, Yanglong
name: Geng, Jianfeng
name: McVetty, Peter BE
name: Hu, Shengwu
name: Li, Genyi
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Authors’ original file for figure 2
Corner states of light in photonic waveguides
Creators: name: Hassan, Ashraf El
name: Kunst, Flore K.
name: Moritz, Alexander
name: Andler, Guillermo
name: Bergholtz, Emil J.
name: Bourennane, Mohamed
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The recently established paradigm of higher-order topological states of matter has shown that not only, as previously thought, edge and surface states but also states localised to corners can have robust and exotic properties. Here we report on the experimental realisation of novel corner states made out of classical light in three-dimensional photonic structures inscribed in glass samples using femtosecond (fs) laser technology. By creating and analysing waveguide arrays forming two-dimensional breathing kagome lattices in various sample geometries, we establish this as a platform for corner states exhibiting a remarkable degree of flexibility and control. In each sample geometry we measure eigenmodes that are localised at the corners in a finite frequency range in complete analogy with a theoretical model of the breathing kagome. Here, the measurements reveal that light can be "fractionalised", corresponding to simultaneous localisation to each corner of a triangular sample, even in the presence of defects. The fabrication method applied in this work exposes the advantage of using fs-laser writing for producing compact three-dimensional devices thus paving the way for technological applications by simulating novel higher-order states of matter.
description: 17 pages, 5 figures. Fixed issue with the injected light, main conclusions remain identical. Added references
Cell–cell signalling: Wingless lands at last
Creators: name: Orsulic, Sandra
name: Peifer, Mark
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1996

description: A novel class of receptor – the Frizzled family – has been identified and the members shown to be receptors for Wingless and its homologs, the Wnts, which mediate key cell–cell interactions during the development of fruitflies and vertebrates, respectively.
Endoplasmic reticulum membrane tubules are distributed by microtubules in living cells using three distinct mechanisms
Creators: name: Salmon, E.D.
name: Waterman-Storer, Clare M.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1998

description: AbstractBackground: The microtubule-dependent motility of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) tubules is fundamental to the structure and function of the ER. From in vitro assays, three mechanisms for ER tubule motility have arisen: the ‘membrane sliding mechanism' in which ER tubules slide along microtubules using microtubule motor activity; the ‘microtubule movement mechanism' in which ER attaches to moving microtubules; and the ‘tip attachment complex (TAC) mechanism' in which ER tubules attach to growing plus ends of microtubules.Results: We have used multi-wavelength time-lapse epifluorescence microscopy to image the dynamic interactions between microtubules (by microinjection of X-rhodamine-labeled tubulin) and ER (by DiOC6(3) staining) in living cells to determine which mechanism contributes to the formation and motility of ER tubules in migrating cells in vivo. Newly forming ER tubules extended only in a microtubule plus-end direction towards the cell periphery: 31.4% by TACs and 68.6% by the membrane sliding mechanism. ER tubules, statically attached to microtubules, moved towards the cell center with microtubules through actomyosin-based retrograde flow. TACs did not change microtubule growth and shortening velocities, but reduced transitions between these states. Treatment of cells with 100 nM nocodazole to inhibit plus-end microtubule dynamics demonstrated that TAC motility required microtubule assembly dynamics, whereas membrane sliding and retrograde-flow-driven ER motility did not.Conclusions: Both plus-end-directed membrane sliding and TAC mechanisms make significant contributions to the motility of ER towards the periphery of living cells, whereas ER removal from the lamella is powered by actomyosin-based retrograde flow of microtubules with ER attached as cargo. TACs in the ER modulate plus-end microtubule dynamics.
MOESM1 of Electron balancing under different sink conditions reveals positive effects on photon efficiency and metabolic activity of Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803
Creators: name: Grund, Marcel
name: Jakob, Torsten
name: Wilhelm, Christian
name: Bühler, Bruno
name: Schmid, Andreas
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: Additional file 1: Figure S1. Light induction curves (LIC) of PCC6803 under different sink–source availabilities. LICs were performed for cells grown in the conditions low light high carbon (LLHC, panel A), high light high carbon (HLHC, panel B), and high light low carbon (HLLC, panel C). See “Materials and methods” section for further experimental details. LIC’s were measured in triplicates on three different measuring days per condition.
Additional file 11 of Integration of Solexa sequences on an ultradense genetic map in Brassica rapa L.
Creators: name: Li, Wei
name: Zhang, Jiefu
name: Mou, Yanglong
name: Geng, Jianfeng
name: McVetty, Peter BE
name: Hu, Shengwu
name: Li, Genyi
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Authors’ original file for figure 3
MOESM2 of Electron balancing under different sink conditions reveals positive effects on photon efficiency and metabolic activity of Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803
Creators: name: Grund, Marcel
name: Jakob, Torsten
name: Wilhelm, Christian
name: Bühler, Bruno
name: Schmid, Andreas
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Additional file 2: Figure S2. Growth of PCC6803 at different ammonium concentrations. No negative effect on growth in batch mode was observed up to an ammonium concentration of 50 mM. PCC6803 was cultivated in shake flasks at 50 µmol photons m−2 s−1 in YBG11 supplemented with 50 mM HEPES at pH 7.8 and different concentrations of ammonium chloride ranging from 2.5 to 50 mM. Cultures were grown in duplicates.
Roles of Armadillo, a Drosophila catenin, during central nervous system development
Creators: name: Loureiro, Joseph
name: Peifer, Mark
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1998

description: AbstractBackground: Neural development requires that neurons communicate and co-operate with one another and with other cell types in their environment. Drosophila Armadillo and its vertebrate homolog β-catenin have dual roles in epithelial cells: transducing signals from the Wingless/Wnt family of proteins and working with cadherins to mediate cell adhesion. Wingless/Wnt signaling also directs certain cell fates in the central nervous system (CNS), and cadherins and catenins are thought to function together during neural development.Results: We identified and analyzed the biochemical properties of a second armadillo isoform, with a truncated carboxyl terminus generated by alternative splicing. This isoform was found to accumulate in differentiating neurons. Using armadillo alleles that selectively inactivate the cell adhesion or the Wingless signaling functions of Armadillo, we found that Armadillo had two sequential roles in neural development. Armadillo function in Wingless signal transduction was required early in development for determination of neuroblast fate. Later in development, disruption of the cell–cell adhesion function of Armadillo resulted in subtle defects in the construction of the axonal scaffold. Mutations in the gene encoding the Drosophila tyrosine kinase Abelson substantially enhanced the severity of the CNS phenotype of armadillo mutations, consistent with these proteins functioning co-operatively at adherens junctions in both the CNS and the epidermis.Conclusions: This is one of the first demonstrations of a role for the cadherin–catenin system in the normal development of the CNS. The genetic interactions between armadillo and abelson point to a possible role for the tyrosine kinase Abelson in cell–cell adhesive junctions in both the CNS and the epidermis.
An electron paramagnetic resonance study of Pr_{0.6}Ca_{0.4}MnO_{3} across the charge ordering transition
Creators: name: Gupta, Rajeev
name: Joshi, Janhavi P.
name: Bhat, S. V.
name: Sood, A. K.
name: Rao, C. N. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the first electron paramagnetic resonance studies of single crystals and powders of Pr_{0.6}Ca_{0.4}MnO_{3} in the 300-4.2 K range, covering the charge ordering transition at ~ 240 K and antiferromagnetic transition (T_N) at ~ 170 K. The asymmetry parameter for the Dysonian single crystal spectra shows anomalous increase at T_{co}. Below T_{co} the g-value increases continuously, suggesting a gradual strengthening of orbital ordering. The linewidth undergoes a sudden increase at T_{co} and continues to increase down to T_N. The intensity increases as the temperature is decreased till T_{co} due to the renormalization of magnetic susceptibility arising from the build up of ferromagnetic correlations. The value of the exchange constant, J, is estimated to be 154 K.
description: Uses Revtex3.0
title: Creating a Social Justice Mindset: Incorporating Diversity, Inclusion, and Social Justice into all Aspects of Collections Work at MIT Libraries
Creators: name: Kauffman, Rhonda
name: Miller, Michelle
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion
subject: library collections
subject: social justice
subject: diversity
subject: inclusion
subject: Collection Development and Management

description: Academic librarians are increasingly embracing diversity, inclusion, and social justice as values essential to our profession. The MIT Libraries has made a commitment to promoting the values of diversity, inclusion and social justice throughout the entire organization, and has sponsored a task force of the Collections Directorate to identify opportunities for archives, cataloging, acquisitions, preservation, and collections strategy staff to promote diversity, inclusion, and social justice in all aspects of library collections work. Over the course of eight months, the task force explored the topic philosophically and pragmatically. In our final report, we emphasized issues of economic justice, systems of oppression and privilege based on race, religion, gender expression, sexual orientation, class, and ability that place groups at an advantage over others; and provided definitions of “diversity,” “inclusion,” and “social justice.” The recommendations suggest ways in which the Collections Directorate staff can disrupt these systems of privilege and oppression with specific regard to the scholarly publishing and academic library marketplace, representation of marginalized perspectives, community inclusion and outreach, and building organizational infrastructure. This poster presents the task force's recommendations and will provide conference attendees with concrete examples of how collections staff can demonstrate a commitment to these values in the course of their daily work.
description: The MIT Libraries has sponsored a task force of the Collections Directorate to identify opportunities for archives, cataloging, acquisitions, preservation, and collections strategy staff to promote diversity, inclusion, and social justice in all aspects of library collections work. This poster presents a summary of our work and report, and includes examples of ways the Collections Directorate staff can disrupt the current systems of privilege and oppression with specific regard to the scholarly publishing and academic library marketplace, representation of marginalized perspectives, community inclusion and outreach, and building organizational infrastructure.
Identification of APC2, a homologue of the adenomatous polyposis coli tumour suppressor
Creators: name: Miles, A.
name: Destrée, O.
name: van de Wetering, M.
name: Kuipers, J.
name: Clevers, H.
name: Kirkpatrick, C.
name: van Es, J.H.
name: Peifer, M.
name: Molenaar, M.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1999

description: AbstractThe adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) tumour-suppressor protein controls the Wnt signalling pathway by forming a complex with glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK-3β), axin/conductin and βcatenin. Complex formation induces the rapid degradation of βcatenin. In colon carcinoma cells, loss of APC leads to the accumulation of βcatenin in the nucleus, where it binds to and activates the Tcf-4 transcription factor (reviewed in [1,2]. Here, we report the identification and genomic structure of APC homologues. Mammalian APC2, which closely resembles APC in overall domain structure, was functionally analyzed and shown to contain two SAMP domains, both of which are required for binding to conductin. Like APC, APC2 regulates the formation of active βcatenin–Tcf complexes, as demonstrated using transient transcriptional activation assays in APC−/− colon carcinoma cells. Human APC2 maps to chromosome 19p13.3. APC and APC2 may therefore have comparable functions in development and cancer.
Towards a $C$-theorem in defect CFT
Creators: name: Kobayashi, Nozomu
name: Nishioka, Tatsuma
name: Sato, Yoshiki
name: Watanabe, Kento
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore a $C$-theorem in defect conformal field theories (DCFTs) that unify all the known conjectures and theorems until now. We examine as a candidate $C$-function the additional contributions from conformal defects to the sphere free energy and the entanglement entropy across a sphere in a number of examples including holographic models. We find the two quantities are equivalent, when suitably regularized, for codimension-one defects (or boundaries), but differ by a universal constant term otherwise. Moreover, we find in a few field theoretic examples that the sphere free energy decreases but the entanglement entropy increases along a certain renormalization group (RG) flow triggered by a defect localized perturbation which is assumed to have a trivial IR fixed point without defects. We hence propose a $C$-theorem in DCFTs stating that the increment of the regularized sphere free energy due to the defect does not increase under any defect RG flow. We also provide a proof of our proposal in several holographic models of defect RG flows.
description: 48 pages, 5 figures, v2: typos corrected, references added, minor changes
Curvature invariants for the Bianchi IX spacetime filled with tilted dust
Creators: name: Kwidzinski, Nick
name: Piechocki, Włodzimierz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an analysis of the Kretschmann and Weyl squared scalars for the general Bianchi IX model filled with tilted dust. Particular attention is given to the asymptotic regime close to the singularity for which we provide heuristic considerations supported by numerical simulations. The present paper is an extension of our earlier publication [1].
description: 16 pages, 6 figures, Revision: minor editing and references added, accepted for publication in Euro. Phys. J. C
Onthophagus koshunensis Balthasar 1941
Creators: name: Bezděk, Aleš
name: Hájek, Jiří
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2013
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Scarabaeidae
Onthophagus
Onthophagus koshunensis

description: Onthophagus koshunensis Balthasar, 1941
 Onthophagus koshunensis Balthasar, 1941c: 183.
One syntype is deposited in NMPC (ex coll. V. Balthasar):
SYNTYPE (unsexed specimen): ‘Kankau (Koshun) / Formosa / H. Sauter [p] IX [hw] 1912 [p] // Onthophagus /
koshunensis / n.sp. Typ. [hw] / Dr. V. Balthasar det. [p] // Typus [p, red label, black frame]’.
 Current status. Onthophagus (Indachorius) koshunensis Balthasar, 1941, see, e.g., BAL- THASAR (1963d).
description: Published as part of Bezděk, Aleš & Hájek, Jiří, 2013, Catalogue of type specimens of beetles (Coleoptera) deposited in the National Museum, Prague, Czech Republic, pp. 387-442 in Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 53 (1) on page 410, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5739743
Interoperability-Guided Testing of QUIC Implementations using Symbolic Execution
Creators: name: Rath, Felix
name: Schemmel, Daniel
name: Wehrle, Klaus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The main reason for the standardization of network protocols, like QUIC, is to ensure interoperability between implementations, which poses a challenging task. Manual tests are currently used to test the different existing implementations for interoperability, but given the complex nature of network protocols, it is hard to cover all possible edge cases. State-of-the-art automated software testing techniques, such as Symbolic Execution (SymEx), have proven themselves capable of analyzing complex real-world software and finding hard to detect bugs. We present a SymEx-based method for finding interoperability issues in QUIC implementations, and explore its merit in a case study that analyzes the interoperability of picoquic and QUANT. We find that, while SymEx is able to analyze deep interactions between different implementations and uncovers several bugs, in order to enable efficient interoperability testing, implementations need to provide additional information about their current protocol state.
description: 6 pages
Chinese Names for Integers
Creators: name: Anicotte, Rémi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: History and Overview (math.HO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Chinese names for integers have always used the digits [1] through [9] and a series of decimal pivots starting with [10], [10 2 ], [10 3 ] and [10 4 ]. Changes occurred in the way the compounds [digit][pivot] were concatenated, with the conjunction y{ò}u until the 3 rd century BCE, then with the term l{í}ng, which emerged around the 12 th century CE. The behavior of the morpheme [1] with pivots also evolved. Finally, in Contemporary Chinese, there is a choice between two morphemes for the digit 2 yielding legitimate alternative numerals; and there is the possibility to form elliptic number names which are not meant to be incorporated before classifiers. Some changes in the features of Chinese linguistic numeration were likely the result of language planning; they nevertheless hint at a tension between a tendency to maintain the morphosyntax of number names within the framework of the syntax of quantification versus simplification and shorter numerals.
Nonlinear finite element analysis of lattice core sandwich beams
Creators: name: Nampally, Praneeth
name: Karttunen, Anssi T.
name: Reddy, JN
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A geometrically nonlinear finite element model is developed for the bending analysis of micropolar Timoshenko beams using the principle of virtual displacements and linear Lagrange interpolation functions. The nonlinearity enters the model via a nonlinear von Kármán strain term that allows the micropolar beam to undergo moderate rotations. The nonlinear micropolar Timoshenko beam is used as an equivalent single layer model to study four different lattice core sandwich beams. A two-scale energy method is used to derive the micropolar constitutive equations for web, hexagonal, Y-frame and corrugated core topologies. Various bending cases are studied numerically using the developed 1-D finite element model. Reduced integration techniques are used to overcome the shear and membrane locking. The present 1-D results are in good agreement with the corresponding 2-D finite element beam frame results for global bending.
description: This work has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the Marie Sklodowska-Curie Action grant agreement No 745770 - SANDFECH - Micromechanics-based finite element modeling of sandwich structures. The preprint has been replaced by the accepted manuscript
Additional file 6: of Characterization of a dominant mutation for the liguleless trait: Aegilops tauschii liguleless (Lgt)
Creators: name: Dresvyannikova, Alina
name: Watanabe, Nobuyoshi
name: Muterko, Alexander
name: Krasnikov, Alexander
name: Goncharov, Nikolay
name: Dobrovolskaya, Oxana
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Plant Biology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Table S3. Positions of markers on Ae. tauschii molecular-genetic maps. (DOCX 109 kb)
Magnetocrystalline Anisotropy of Fe-based $L1_0$ Alloys: Validity of Approximate Methods to Treat the Spin-Orbit Interaction
Creators: name: Blanco-Rey, M.
name: Cerda, J. I.
name: Arnau, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: First-principles calculations are used to gauge different levels of approximation to calculate the magnetocrystalline anisotropy energies (MAE) of five $L1_0$ FeMe alloys (Me=Co, Cu, Pd, Pt, Au). We find that a second-order perturbation (2PT) treatment of the spin-orbit interaction (SOI) breaks down for the alloys containing heavier ions, while it provides a very accurate description of the MAE behaviour of FeCo, FeCu, and FePd. Moreover, the robustness of the 2PT approximation is such that in these cases it accounts for the MAE of highly-non-neutral alloys and, thus, it can be used to predict their performance when dopants are present or when they are subject to applied gate bias, which are typical conditions in working magnetoelectric devices. We also observe that switching of the easy axis direction can be induced in some of these alloys by addition or removal of, at least, one electron per cell. In all cases, the details of the bandstructure are responsible for the finally observed MAE value and, therefore, suggest a limited predicting power of models based on the expected orbital moment values and bandwidths. Finally, we have confirmed the importance of various calculation parameters to obtain converged MAE values, in particular, those related to the accuracy of the Fermi level determination.
description: 13 pages, 5 figures
Refractive index and generalized polarizability
Creators: name: Pachucki, Krzysztof
name: Puchalski, Mariusz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the role of retardation corrections to polarizability and to refractive index. We found that the classical electromagnetic theory of dielectrics requires corresponding modifications in terms of nonlocality of the dielectric constant. This nonlocality should be taken into account in the interpretation of accurate measurements of the optical refractivity.
description: 4 pages
Additional file 1: of Healthcare professionalsâ views of palliative care for American war veterans with non-malignant respiratory disease living in a rural area: a qualitative study
Creators: name: Veigh, Clare Mc
name: Reid, Joanne
name: Carvalho, Paula
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Focus Group Question Guide. (DOCX 15 kb)
Long-term potentiation in mice lacking the neural cell adhesion molecule L1
Creators: name: Maness, Patricia F
name: Kauer, Julie A
name: Bliss, Tim
name: Errington, Mick
name: Fransen, Eric
name: Godfraind, Jean-Marie
name: Kooy, R.Frank
name: Furley, Andrew J.W
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2000

description: AbstractGenetic evidence indicates that cell adhesion molecules of the immunoglobulin superfamily (IgCAMs) are critical for activity-dependent synapse formation at the neuromuscular junction in Drosophila and have also been implicated in synaptic remodelling during learning in Aplysia (see [1] for review). In mammals, a widely adopted model for the process of learning at the cellular level is long-term potentiation (LTP) in the hippocampal formation. Studies in vitro have shown that antibodies to the IgCAMs L1 and NCAM reduce LTP in CA1 neurons of rat hippocampus, suggesting a role for these molecules in the modulation of synaptic efficacy, perhaps by regulating synaptic remodelling [2]. A role for NCAM in LTP has been confirmed in mice lacking NCAM [3] (but see [4]), but similar studies have not been reported for L1. Here we examine LTP in the hippocampus of mice lacking L1 [5,6], using different experimental protocols in three different laboratories. In tests of LTP in vitro and in vivo we found no significant differences between mutant animals and controls. Thus, contrary to expectation, our data suggest that L1 function is not necessary for the establishment or maintenance of LTP in the hippocampus. Impaired performance in spatial learning exhibited by L1 mutants may therefore not be due to hippocampal dysfunction [6].
The protein tyrosine phosphatase Shp-2 regulates RhoA activity
Creators: name: Feng, Gen-Sheng
name: Shen, Randy
name: Schoenwaelder, Simone M.
name: Williamson, David
name: Burridge, Keith
name: Petch, Leslie A.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2000

description: Remodeling of filamentous actin into distinct arrangements is precisely controlled by members of the Rho family of small GTPases [1]. A well characterized member of this family is RhoA, whose activation results in reorganization of the cytoskeleton into thick actin stress fibers terminating in integrin-rich focal adhesions [2]. Regulation of RhoA is required to maintain adhesion in stationary cells, but is also critical for cell spreading and migration [3]. Despite its biological importance, the signaling events leading to RhoA activation are not fully understood. Several independent studies have implicated tyrosine phosphorylation as a critical event upstream of RhoA [4]. Consistent with this, our recent studies have demonstrated the existence of a protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTPase), sensitive to the dipeptide aldehyde calpeptin, acting upstream of RhoA [5]. Here we identify the SH2 (Src homology region 2)-containing PTPase Shp-2 as a calpeptin-sensitive PTPase, and show that calpeptin interferes with the catalytic activity of Shp-2 in vitro and with Shp-2 signaling in vivo. Finally, we show that perturbation of Shp-2 activity by a variety of genetic manipulations results in raised levels of active RhoA. Together, these studies identify Shp-2 as a PTPase acting upstream of RhoA to regulate its activity and contribute to the coordinated control of cell movement.
Quasi-long range order in the random anisotropy Heisenberg model
Creators: name: Feldman, D. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The large distance behaviors of the random field and random anisotropy Heisenberg models are studied with the functional renormalization group in $4-ε$ dimensions. The random anisotropy model is found to have a phase with the infinite correlation radius at low temperatures and weak disorder. The correlation function of the magnetization obeys a power law $\sim| {\bf r}_1-{\bf r}_2|^{-0.62ε}$. The magnetic susceptibility diverges at low fields as $χ\sim H^{-1+0.15ε}$. In the random field model the correlation radius is found to be finite at the arbitrarily weak disorder.
description: 4 pages, REVTeX
Cross-modality (CT-MRI) prior augmented deep learning for robust lung tumor segmentation from small MR datasets
Creators: name: Jiang, Jue
name: Hu, Yu-Chi
name: Tyagi, Neelam
name: Zhang, Pengpeng
name: Rimner, Andreas
name: Deasy, Joseph O.
name: Veeraraghavan, Harini
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Lack of large expert annotated MR datasets makes training deep learning models difficult. Therefore, a cross-modality (MR-CT) deep learning segmentation approach that augments training data using pseudo MR images produced by transforming expert-segmented CT images was developed. Eighty-One T2-weighted MRI scans from 28 patients with non-small cell lung cancers were analyzed. Cross-modality prior encoding the transformation of CT to pseudo MR images resembling T2w MRI was learned as a generative adversarial deep learning model. This model augmented training data arising from 6 expert-segmented T2w MR patient scans with 377 pseudo MRI from non-small cell lung cancer CT patient scans with obtained from the Cancer Imaging Archive. A two-dimensional Unet implemented with batch normalization was trained to segment the tumors from T2w MRI. This method was benchmarked against (a) standard data augmentation and two state-of-the art cross-modality pseudo MR-based augmentation and (b) two segmentation networks. Segmentation accuracy was computed using Dice similarity coefficient (DSC), Hausdroff distance metrics, and volume ratio. The proposed approach produced the lowest statistical variability in the intensity distribution between pseudo and T2w MR images measured as Kullback-Leibler divergence of 0.069. This method produced the highest segmentation accuracy with a DSC of 0.75 and the lowest Hausdroff distance on the test dataset. This approach produced highly similar estimations of tumor growth as an expert (P = 0.37). A novel deep learning MR segmentation was developed that overcomes the limitation of learning robust models from small datasets by leveraging learned cross-modality priors to augment training. The results show the feasibility of the approach and the corresponding improvement over the state-of-the-art methods.
description: Submitted to Medical Physics
The role of the proteins Kar9 and Myo2 in orienting the mitotic spindle of budding yeast
Creators: name: Bloom, Kerry
name: Yeh, Elaine
name: Beach, Dale L.
name: Thibodeaux, Julie
name: Maddox, Paul
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2000

description: AbstractBackground: Two genetic ‘pathways' contribute to the fidelity of nuclear segregation during the process of budding in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. An early pathway, involving Kar9p and other proteins, orients the mitotic spindle along the mother–bud axis. Upon the onset of anaphase, cytoplasmic dynein provides the motive force for nuclear movement into the bud. Loss of either pathway results in nuclear-migration defects; loss of both is lethal. Here, to visualize the functional steps leading to correct spindle orientation along the mother–bud axis, we imaged live yeast cells expressing Kar9p and dynein as green fluorescent protein fusions.Results: Transport of Kar9p into the bud was found to require the myosin Myo2p. Kar9p interacted with microtubules through the microtubule-binding protein Bim1p and facilitated microtubule penetration into the bud. Once microtubules entered the bud, Kar9p provided a platform for microtubule capture at the bud cortex. Kar9p was also observed at sites of microtubule shortening in the bud, suggesting that Kar9p couples microtubule shortening to nuclear migration.Conclusions: Thus, Kar9p provides a key link between the actin cytoskeleton and microtubules early in the cell cycle. A cooperative mechanism between Kar9p and Myo2p facilitates the pre-anaphase orientation of the spindle. Later, Kar9p couples microtubule disassembly with nuclear migration.
Light Induction of a Vertebrate Clock Gene Involves Signaling through Blue-Light Receptors and MAP Kinases
Creators: name: Sassone-Corsi, Paolo
name: Thompson, Carol L
name: Pando, Matthew P
name: Gutierrez, Laura
name: Pinchak, Anna B
name: Wells, Dan E
name: Cermakian, Nicolas
name: Sancar, Aziz
name: Cahill, Gregory M
name: Selby, Christopher P
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2002

description: AbstractThe signaling pathways that couple light photoreception to entrainment of the circadian clock have yet to be deciphered. Two prominent groups of candidates for the circadian photoreceptors are opsins (e.g., melanopsin) and blue-light photoreceptors (e.g., cryptochromes). We have previously showed that the zebrafish is an ideal model organism in which to study circadian regulation and light response in peripheral tissues. Here, we used the light-responsive zebrafish cell line Z3 to dissect the response of the clock gene zPer2 to light. We show that the MAPK (mitogen-activated protein kinase) pathway is essential for this response, although other signaling pathways may also play a role. Moreover, action spectrum analyses of zPer2 transcriptional response to monochromatic light demonstrate the involvement of a blue-light photoreceptor. The Cry1b and Cry3 cryptochromes constitute attractive candidates as photoreceptors in this setting. Our results establish a link between blue-light photoreceptors, probably cryptochromes, and the MAPK pathway to elicit light-induced transcriptional activation of clock genes.
Theory of Distinct Crystal Structures of Polymerized Fullerides AC60, A=K, Rb, Cs: the Specific Role of Alkalis
Creators: name: Michel, K. H.
name: Nikolaev, A. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The polymer phases of AC60 form distinct crystal structures characterized by the mutual orientations of the (C60-)n chains. We show that the direct electric quadrupole interaction between chains always favors the orthorhombic structure Pmnn with alternating chain orientations. However the specific quadrupolar polarizability of the alkali metal ions leads to an indirect interchain coupling which favors the monoclinic structure I2/m with equal chain orientations. The competition between direct and indirect interactions explains the structural difference between KC60 and RbC60, CsC60.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures, 1 table
Avaliação de sinal-ruído em imagens mamográficas utilizando a técnica Unsharp Mask
Creators: name: Shimamoto, Ana Laura
name: Carneiro, Pedro Cunha
name: Patrocinio, Ana Claudia
name: Orpheu, Guilherme
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Câncer de mama, mamografia, Unsharp Mask.

description: O câncer de mama é considerado um grave problema de saúde pública mundial, não só pelo número de casos crescentes diagnosticados a cada ano, mas também pelo investimento financeiro que é solicitado para equacionar as questões de diagnóstico e tratamento. Estudos garantem que a qualidade da imagem médica interfere significamente na garantia de um diagnóstico de confiança, afetando a nitidez de cada estrutura. Nessa pesquisa, utilizou-se imagens mamográficas de diferentes equipamentos, e foi registrado quantativamente a contribuição de métricas SNR (Signal-to-Noise Ratio) e PSNR (Peak Signal-to-Noise Ratio) de imagens médicas como realçores de contraste, através de filtros de suavização e de máscaras de realce de nitidez, com seus critérios (Radius, Amount, Threshold) variados em um intervalo pré-definido. Como resultado, para algumas mamografias, a técnica aplicada não foi satisfatóriamente eficiente, promovendo apenas pequenas variações nos parâmetros utilizados para o fim comparativo. Tem-se como hipótese para esse fenômeno, os intervalos de variações dos critérios sendo considerados muito pequenos, e a necessidade de averiguar outras métricas realçores de contraste e nitidez para se obter uma imagem médica processada de qualidade e rica em detalhes.
Coupled Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov kinetic equations for a trapped Bose gas
Creators: name: Imamovic-Tomasovic, Milena
name: Griffin, Allan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using the Kadanoff-Baym non-equilibrium Green's function formalism, we derive the self-consistent Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov (HFB) collisionless kinetic equations and the associated equation of motion for the condensate wavefunction for a trapped Bose-condensed gas. Our work generalizes earlier work by Kane and Kadanoff (KK) for a uniform Bose gas. We include the off-diagonal (anomalous) pair correlations, and thus we have to introduce an off-diagonal distribution function in addition to the normal (diagonal) distribution function. This results in two coupled kinetic equations. If the off-diagonal distribution function can be neglected as a higher-order contribution, we obtain the semi-classical kinetic equation recently used by Zaremba, Griffin and Nikuni (based on the simpler Popov approximation). We discuss the static local equilibrium solution of our coupled HFB kinetic equations within the semi-classical approximation. We also verify that a solution is the rigid in-phase oscillation of the equilibrium condensate and non-condensate density profiles, oscillating with the trap frequency.
description: 25 pages