cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The Polycomb Group Protein EED Is Dispensable for the Initiation of Random X-Chromosome Inactivation
Creators: name: Kalantry, Sundeep
name: Magnuson, Terry
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2006

description: The Polycomb group (PcG) proteins are thought to silence gene expression by modifying chromatin. The Polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2) plays an essential role in mammalian X-chromosome inactivation (XCI), a model system to investigate heritable gene silencing. In the mouse, two different forms of XCI occur. In the preimplantation embryo, all cells undergo imprinted inactivation of the paternal X-chromosome (Xp). During the peri-implantation period, cells destined to give rise to the embryo proper erase the imprint and randomly inactivate either the maternal X-chromosome or the Xp; extraembryonic cells, on the other hand, maintain imprinted XCI of the Xp. PRC2 proteins are enriched on the inactive-X during early stages of both imprinted and random XCI. It is therefore thought that PRC2 contributes to the initiation of XCI. Mouse embryos lacking the essential PRC2 component EED harbor defects in the maintenance of imprinted XCI in differentiating trophoblast cells. Assessment of PRC2 requirement in the initiation of XCI, however, has been hindered by the presence of maternally derived proteins in the early embryo. Here we show that Eed −/− embryos initiate and maintain random XCI despite lacking any functional EED protein prior to the initiation of random XCI. Thus, despite being enriched on the inactive X-chromosome, PcGs appear to be dispensable for the initiation and maintenance of random XCI. These results highlight the lineage- and differentiation state–specific requirements for PcGs in XCI and argue against PcG function in the formation of the facultative heterochromatin of the inactive X-chromosome.
trt-1 Is the Caenorhabditis elegans Catalytic Subunit of Telomerase
Creators: name: Ahmed, Shawn
name: Lowden, Mia
name: Liu, Yan
name: Hodgkin, Jonathan
name: Gartner, Anton
name: Meier, Bettina
name: Clejan, Iuval
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2006

description: Mutants of trt-1, the Caenorhabditis elegans telomerase reverse transcriptase, reproduce normally for several generations but eventually become sterile as a consequence of telomere erosion and end-to-end chromosome fusions. Telomere erosion and uncapping do not cause an increase in apoptosis in the germlines of trt-1 mutants. Instead, late-generation trt-1 mutants display chromosome segregation defects that are likely to be the direct cause of sterility. trt-1 functions in the same telomere replication pathway as mrt-2, a component of the Rad9/Rad1/Hus1 (9–1–1) proliferating cell nuclear antigen–like sliding clamp. Thus, the 9–1–1 complex may be required for telomerase to act at chromosome ends in C. elegans. Although telomere erosion limits replicative life span in human somatic cells, neither trt-1 nor telomere shortening affects postmitotic aging in C. elegans. These findings illustrate effects of telomere dysfunction in C. elegans mutants lacking the catalytic subunit of telomerase, trt-1.
TEMPERATURE AND STRAIN SENSITIVITIES OF BONDED FIBER BRAGG GRATING AT ROOM TEMPERATURES AND CRYOGENIC TEMPERATURES
Creators: name: Huang, Xiyong
name: Davies, Mike
name: Moseley, Dominic
name: Salazar, Erica
name: Sanabria, Charlie
name: Duke, Owen
name: Ludbrook, Bart
name: Badcock, Rodney
Publisher: name: Open Access Te Herenga Waka-Victoria University of Wellington
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mechanical Engineering
subject: FOS: Mechanical engineering
subject: 20599 Optical Physics not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 90699 Electrical and Electronic Engineering not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: No description supplied
Strengthening teamwork to improve student engagement in managerial economics and strategy
Creators: name: Esposto, Alexis
name: Weaver, Debbi
Publisher: name: La Trobe
Year: 2023

description: A series of tests and a major project, designed to be undertaken in teams of two students, and with ongoing feedback as an integral component, was introduced into scheduled tutorial classes, in an attempt to improve flagging student attendance and low student motivation. After a single semester of implementation, attendance at tutorials has improved (to nearly double the previous year), students are actively engaging in their work with their colleagues, and average assessment marks are a full grade higher compared to the previous student cohort.

['Higher Education Research and Development Society of Australasia. [31st : 2008 : Rotorua, New Zealand]']
Obscuration by Gas and Dust in Luminous Quasars
Creators: name: Usman, Shawn M.
name: Murray, Stephen S.
name: Hickox, Ryan C.
name: Brodwin, Mark
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore the connection between absorption by neutral gas and extinction by dust in mid-infrared (IR) selected luminous quasars. We use a sample of 33 quasars at redshifts 0.7 < z < 3 in the 9 deg^2 Boötes multiwavelength survey field that are selected using Spitzer Space Telescope Infrared Array Camera colors and are well-detected as luminous X-ray sources (with >150 counts) in Chandra observations. We divide the quasars into dust-obscured and unobscured samples based on their optical to mid-IR color, and measure the neutral hydrogen column density N_H through fitting of the X-ray spectra. We find that all subsets of quasars have consistent power law photon indices equal to 1.9 that are uncorrelated with N_H. We classify the quasars as gas-absorbed or gas-unabsorbed if N_H > 10^22 cm^-2 or N_H < 10^22 cm^-2, respectively. Of 24 dust-unobscured quasars in the sample, only one shows clear evidence for significant intrinsic N_H, while 22 have column densities consistent with N_H < 10^22 cm^-2. In contrast, of the nine dust-obscured quasars, six show evidence for intrinsic gas absorption, and three are consistent with N_H < 10^22 cm^-2. We conclude that dust extinction in IR-selected quasars is strongly correlated with significant gas absorption as determined through X-ray spectral fitting. These results suggest that obscuring gas and dust in quasars are generally co-spatial, and confirm the reliability of simple mid-IR and optical photometric techniques for separating quasars based on obscuration.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures
Analysis of resonant inelastic x-ray scattering from Sr$_2$IrO$_4$ in an itinerant-electron approach
Creators: name: Igarashi, Jun-ichi
name: Nagao, Tatsuya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the resonant x-ray scattering (RIXS) spectra from Sr$_2$IrO$_4$ in an itinerant electron approach. Employing a multi-orbital tight-binding model on the square lattice, we calculate the one-electron energy band within the Hartree-Fock approximation, which leads to an antiferromagnetic ground state. We then evaluate the two-particle Green's functions for the particle-hole pair excitations within the random phase approximation, which are connected to the RIXS spectra within the fast collision approximation. The calculated RIXS spectra exhibit two-peak structure with slightly different energies in the low-energy region, which are originated from the bound states in the two-particle Green's function. They may be interpreted as the split modes of magnon. We also obtain several $δ$-function peaks, which arise from the bound states around the bottom of energy continuum. They may be called as the exciton modes. These characteristics are in qualitative agreement with the RIXS experiment, demonstrating that the weak coupling theory could explain both the magnon and the exciton peaks in the RIXS spectra on an equal footing.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures, revtex, to be published in Physical Review B
Meiotic Transmission of an In Vitro–Assembled Autonomous Maize Minichromosome
Creators: name: Copenhaver, Gregory P.
name: Grunden, Eric
name: Luo, Song
name: Krol, Cheryl
name: Zieler, Helge
name: Preuss, Daphne
name: Mach, Jennifer M.
name: Rudgers, Gary W.
name: Carlson, Shawn R.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2007

description: Autonomous chromosomes are generated in yeast (yeast artificial chromosomes) and human fibrosarcoma cells (human artificial chromosomes) by introducing purified DNA fragments that nucleate a kinetochore, replicate, and segregate to daughter cells. These autonomous minichromosomes are convenient for manipulating and delivering DNA segments containing multiple genes. In contrast, commercial production of transgenic crops relies on methods that integrate one or a few genes into host chromosomes; extensive screening to identify insertions with the desired expression level, copy number, structure, and genomic location; and long breeding programs to produce varieties that carry multiple transgenes. As a step toward improving transgenic crop production, we report the development of autonomous maize minichromosomes (MMCs). We constructed circular MMCs by combining DsRed and nptII marker genes with 7–190 kb of genomic maize DNA fragments containing satellites, retroelements, and/or other repeats commonly found in centromeres and using particle bombardment to deliver these constructs into embryogenic maize tissue. We selected transformed cells, regenerated plants, and propagated their progeny for multiple generations in the absence of selection. Fluorescent in situ hybridization and segregation analysis demonstrated that autonomous MMCs can be mitotically and meiotically maintained. The MMC described here showed meiotic segregation ratios approaching Mendelian inheritance: 93% transmission as a disome (100% expected), 39% transmission as a monosome crossed to wild type (50% expected), and 59% transmission in self crosses (75% expected). The fluorescent DsRed reporter gene on the MMC was expressed through four generations, and Southern blot analysis indicated the encoded genes were intact. This novel approach for plant transformation can facilitate crop biotechnology by (i) combining several trait genes on a single DNA fragment, (ii) arranging genes in a defined sequence context for more consistent gene expression, and (iii) providing an independent linkage group that can be rapidly introgressed into various germplasms.
Data from: Increased levels of urine volatile organic compounds are associated with diabetes risk and impaired glucose homeostasis
Creators: name: Duan, Xiaoxia
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 320208
subject: Endocrinology

description: 数据来自：尿液挥发性有机化合物水平升高与糖尿病风险和葡萄糖稳态受损有关
Puzzling time properties of proportional electroluminescence in two-phase argon detectors for dark matter searches
Creators: name: Buzulutskov, A.
name: Frolov, E.
name: Borisova, E.
name: Nosov, V.
name: Oleynikov, V.
name: Sokolov, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Proportional electroluminescence (EL) in noble gases is a physical process routinely used in two-phase (liquid-gas) detectors for low-energy astroparticle-physics experiments. In this work, the time properties of visible-light EL in two-phase argon detectors have been systematically studied for the first time. In particular, two unusual slow components in the EL signal, with their contributions and time constants increasing with electric field, were observed. This puzzling property is not expected in any of the known mechanisms of photon and electron emission in two-phase media. Time constants of these components is about 4-5 $μ$s and 50 $μ$s. In addition, a specific threshold behavior of the slow components was revealed: they emerged at a threshold in reduced electric field of 4.8 $\pm$ 0.2 Td regardless of the gas phase density, which is about 1 Td above the onset of standard (excimer) EL. There is a conspicuous similarity between this threshold and reduced field threshold of EL in NIR occurring via higher atomic excited states Ar$^{*}(3p^{5}4p)$. An unexpected temperature dependence of slow components was also observed: their contribution decreased with temperature, practically disappearing at room temperature. We show that the puzzling properties of slow components can be explained in the framework of hypothesis that these are produced in the charge signal itself due to trapping of drifting electrons on metastable negative argon ions.
description: 13 pages, 18 figures
The Role of AtMUS81 in Interference-Insensitive Crossovers in A. thaliana
Creators: name: Francis, Kirk E.
name: Berchowitz, Luke E.
name: Copenhaver, Gregory P.
name: Bey, Alexandra L.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2007

description: MUS81 is conserved among plants, animals, and fungi and is known to be involved in mitotic DNA damage repair and meiotic recombination. Here we present a functional characterization of the Arabidopsis thaliana homolog AtMUS81, which has a role in both mitotic and meiotic cells. The AtMUS81 transcript is produced in all tissues, but is elevated greater than 9-fold in the anthers and its levels are increased in response to gamma radiation and methyl methanesulfonate treatment. An Atmus81 transfer-DNA insertion mutant shows increased sensitivity to a wide range of DNA-damaging agents, confirming its role in mitotically proliferating cells. To examine its role in meiosis, we employed a pollen tetrad–based visual assay. Data from genetic intervals on Chromosomes 1 and 3 show that Atmus81 mutants have a moderate decrease in meiotic recombination. Importantly, measurements of recombination in a pair of adjacent intervals on Chromosome 5 demonstrate that the remaining crossovers in Atmus81 are interference sensitive, and that interference levels in the Atmus81 mutant are significantly greater than those in wild type. These data are consistent with the hypothesis that AtMUS81 is involved in a secondary subset of meiotic crossovers that are interference insensitive.
How to account for quantum non-locality: ontic structural realism and the primitive ontology of quantum physics
Creators: name: Esfeld, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: History and Philosophy of Physics (physics.hist-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The paper has two aims: (1) it sets out to show that it is well motivated to seek for an account of quantum non-locality in the framework of ontic structural realism (OSR), which integrates the notions of holism and non-separability that have been employed since the 1980s to achieve such an account. However, recent research shows that OSR on its own cannot provide such an account. Against this background, the paper argues that by applying OSR to the primitive ontology theories of quantum physics, one can accomplish that task. In particular, Bohmian mechanics offers the best prospect for doing so. (2) In general, the paper seeks to bring OSR and the primitive ontology theories of quantum physics together: on the one hand, in order to be applicable to quantum mechanics, OSR has to consider what the quantum ontology of matter distributed in space-time is. On the other hand, as regards the primitive ontology theories, OSR provides the conceptual tools for these theories to answer the question of what the ontological status of the wave-function is.
description: arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1406.0732
Odd-frequency pairing and time-reversal symmetry breaking for repulsive interactions
Creators: name: Pimenov, Dimitri
name: Chubukov, Andrey V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the pairing of fermions by an interaction consisting of a Hubbard repulsion, mimicking a screened Coulomb potential, and a dynamical phonon-mediated attraction. For such interaction, the gap equation allows even- and odd-frequency solutions $Δ_e$ and $Δ_o$. We show that odd-frequency pairing does not develop within the Eliashberg approximation due to over-critical pair-breaking from the self-energy. When vertex corrections are included, the pairing interaction gets stronger, and $Δ_o$ can develop. We argue that even in this case keeping the self-energy is still a must as it cancels out the thermal piece in the gap equation. We further argue that $Δ_o$ is not affected by Hubbard repulsion and for strong repulsion is comparable to a reduced $Δ_e$. The resulting superconducting state is a superposition $Δ_e \pm i Δ_o$, which spontaneously breaks the time-reversal symmetry, despite that the pairing symmetry is an ordinary $s$-wave.
description: journal version
Characteristic time of stellar flares on Proxima Centauri
Creators: name: He, Han
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Stellar flare
Characteristic time
Proxima Centauri

description: Proxima Centauri is a flare productive M5.5 main-sequence star. Its flares have been observed in a 20-second light-curve cadence by the TESS satellite during Sector 38 of the mission. We conduct a statistical analysis of the characteristic time of Proxima flares using the 20-second cadence light-curve data collected by TESS. The durations of flare rise phase and decay phase are analyzed separately for the flares of Proxima found in the TESS light curve. The result shows that the time scales of the flare rise phase and decay phase of Proxima are 0.53+/-0.17 minutes and 7.0+/-1.9 minutes, respectively, which are much shorter than those of Sun-like stars. The implication of the result on the magnetic field environment of the flare source regions on Proxima is discussed.
Modular design patterns for neural-symbolic integration: refinement and combination
Creators: name: Mossakowski, Till
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We formalise some aspects of the neural-symbol design patterns of van Bekkum et al., such that we can formally define notions of refinement of patterns, as well as modular combination of larger patterns from smaller building blocks. These formal notions are being implemented in the heterogeneous tool set (Hets), such that patterns and refinements can be checked for well-formedness, and combinations can be computed.
Improved Frame Level Features and SVM Supervectors Approach for the Recogniton of Emotional States from Speech: Application to categorical and dimensional states
Creators: name: Trabelsi, Imen
name: Ayed, Dorra Ben
name: Ellouze, Noureddine
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The purpose of speech emotion recognition system is to classify speakers utterances into different emotional states such as disgust, boredom, sadness, neutral and happiness. Speech features that are commonly used in speech emotion recognition rely on global utterance level prosodic features. In our work, we evaluate the impact of frame level feature extraction. The speech samples are from Berlin emotional database and the features extracted from these utterances are energy, different variant of mel frequency cepstrum coefficients, velocity and acceleration features.
The Genomic Distribution and Function of Histone Variant HTZ-1 during C. elegans Embryogenesis
Creators: name: Green, Roland D.
name: Zhang, Xinmin
name: Ercan, Sevinc
name: McClinic, Karissa N.
name: Lieb, Jason D.
name: Kelly, William G.
name: Whittle, Christina M.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: In all eukaryotes, histone variants are incorporated into a subset of nucleosomes to create functionally specialized regions of chromatin. One such variant, H2A.Z, replaces histone H2A and is required for development and viability in all animals tested to date. However, the function of H2A.Z in development remains unclear. Here, we use ChIP-chip, genetic mutation, RNAi, and immunofluorescence microscopy to interrogate the function of H2A.Z (HTZ-1) during embryogenesis in Caenorhabditis elegans, a key model of metazoan development. We find that HTZ-1 is expressed in every cell of the developing embryo and is essential for normal development. The sites of HTZ-1 incorporation during embryogenesis reveal a genome wrought by developmental processes. HTZ-1 is incorporated upstream of 23% of C. elegans genes. While these genes tend to be required for development and occupied by RNA polymerase II, HTZ-1 incorporation does not specify a stereotypic transcription program. The data also provide evidence for unexpectedly widespread independent regulation of genes within operons during development; in 37% of operons, HTZ-1 is incorporated upstream of internally encoded genes. Fewer sites of HTZ-1 incorporation occur on the X chromosome relative to autosomes, which our data suggest is due to a paucity of developmentally important genes on X, rather than a direct function for HTZ-1 in dosage compensation. Our experiments indicate that HTZ-1 functions in establishing or maintaining an essential chromatin state at promoters regulated dynamically during C. elegans embryogenesis.
Ab initio estimation of $E2$ strengths in $^8$Li and its neighbors by normalization to the measured quadrupole moment
Creators: name: Caprio, Mark A.
name: Fasano, Patrick J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: For electric quadrupole ($E2$) observables, which depend on the large-distance tails of the nuclear wave function, ab initio no-core configuration interaction (NCCI) calculations converge slowly, making meaningful predictions challenging to obtain. Nonetheless, the calculated values for different $E2$ matrix elements, particularly those involving levels with closely-related structure (e.g., within the same rotational band) are found to be robustly proportional. This observation suggests that a known value for one observable may be used to determine the overall scale of $E2$ strengths, and thereby provide predictions for others. In particular, we demonstrate that meaningful predictions for $E2$ transitions may be obtained by calibration to the ground-state quadrupole moment. We test this approach for well-measured low-lying $E2$ transitions in $^7$Li and $^9$Be, then provide predictions for transitions in $^8$Li and $^9$Li. In particular, we address the $2^+\rightarrow1^+$ transition in $^8$Li, for which the reported measured strength exceeds ab initio Green's function Monte Carlo (GFMC) predictions by over an order of magnitude.
description: 10 pages, 8 figures
The Histone H3K79 Methyltransferase Dot1L Is Essential for Mammalian Development and Heterochromatin Structure
Creators: name: Kadam, Shilpa
name: Chen, Taiping
name: Gonzalo, Susana
name: Hevi, Sarah
name: Bajko, Jeffrey
name: Su, Hui
name: Zhai, Huili
name: Bhat, Audesh
name: Baltus, Gretchen A.
name: Lei, Hong
name: Valdez, Reginald
name: Li, En
name: Jones, Brendan
name: Zhang, Yi
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: Dot1 is an evolutionarily conserved histone methyltransferase specific for lysine 79 of histone H3 (H3K79). In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Dot1-mediated H3K79 methylation is associated with telomere silencing, meiotic checkpoint control, and DNA damage response. The biological function of H3K79 methylation in mammals, however, remains poorly understood. Using gene targeting, we generated mice deficient for Dot1L, the murine Dot1 homologue. Dot1L-deficient embryos show multiple developmental abnormalities, including growth impairment, angiogenesis defects in the yolk sac, and cardiac dilation, and die between 9.5 and 10.5 days post coitum. To gain insights into the cellular function of Dot1L, we derived embryonic stem (ES) cells from Dot1L mutant blastocysts. Dot1L-deficient ES cells show global loss of H3K79 methylation as well as reduced levels of heterochromatic marks (H3K9 di-methylation and H4K20 tri-methylation) at centromeres and telomeres. These changes are accompanied by aneuploidy, telomere elongation, and proliferation defects. Taken together, these results indicate that Dot1L and H3K79 methylation play important roles in heterochromatin formation and in embryonic development.
Equilibrium Statistical-Thermal Models in High-Energy Physics
Creators: name: Tawfik, Abdel Nasser
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We review some recent highlights from the applications of statistical-thermal models to different experimental measurements and lattice QCD thermodynamics, that have been made during the last decade. We start with a short review of the historical milestones on the path of constructing statistical-thermal models for heavy-ion physics. We discovered that Heinz Koppe formulated in 1948 an almost complete recipe for the statistical-thermal models. In 1950, Enrico Fermi generalized this statistical approach, in which he started with a general cross-section formula and inserted into it simplifying assumptions about the matrix element of the interaction process that likely reflects many features of the high-energy reactions dominated by density in the phase space of final states. In 1964, Hagedorn systematically analysed the high-energy phenomena using all tools of statistical physics and introduced the concept of limiting temperature based on the statistical bootstrap model. It turns to be quite often that many-particle systems can be studied with the help of statistical-thermal methods. The analysis of yield multiplicities in high-energy collisions gives an overwhelming evidence for the chemical equilibrium in the final state. The strange particles might be an exception, as they are suppressed at lower beam energies. However, their relative yields fulfill statistical equilibrium, as well. We review the equilibrium statistical-thermal models for particle production, fluctuations and collective flow in heavy-ion experiments. We also review their reproduction of the lattice QCD thermodynamics at vanishing and finite chemical potential. During the last decade, five conditions have been suggested to describe the universal behavior of the chemical freeze out parameters.
description: An invited Review to appear in the International Journal for Modern Physics A, 102 pages and 66 figures. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:hep-ph/0511094, arXiv:0910.5628, arXiv:1307.4681, arXiv:0812.1044, arXiv:0709.0126 by other authors
Arabidopsis CULLIN3 Genes Regulate Primary Root Growth and Patterning by Ethylene-Dependent and -Independent Mechanisms
Creators: name: Kieber, Joe
name: Dumbliauskas, Eva
name: Parmentier, Yves
name: Thomann, Alexis
name: Scheres, Ben
name: Lechner, Esther
name: Hansen, Maureen
name: Genschik, Pascal
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: CULLIN3 (CUL3) together with BTB-domain proteins form a class of Cullin-RING ubiquitin ligases (called CRL3s) that control the rapid and selective degradation of important regulatory proteins in all eukaryotes. Here, we report that in the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana, CUL3 regulates plant growth and development, not only during embryogenesis but also at post-embryonic stages. First, we show that CUL3 modulates the emission of ethylene, a gaseous plant hormone that is an important growth regulator. A CUL3 hypomorphic mutant accumulates ACS5, the rate-limiting enzyme in ethylene biosynthesis and as a consequence exhibits a constitutive ethylene response. Second, we provide evidence that CUL3 regulates primary root growth by a novel ethylene-dependant pathway. In particular, we show that CUL3 knockdown inhibits primary root growth by reducing root meristem size and cell number. This phenotype is suppressed by ethylene-insensitive or resistant mutations. Finally, we identify a function of CUL3 in distal root patterning, by a mechanism that is independent of ethylene. Thus, our work highlights that CUL3 is essential for the normal division and organisation of the root stem cell niche and columella root cap cells.
Genome-Wide Analyses of Exonic Copy Number Variants in a Family-Based Study Point to Novel Autism Susceptibility Genes
Creators: name: Wassink, Thomas H.
name: Hadley, Dexter
name: Li, Mingyao
name: Lindquist, Ingrid
name: Abrahams, Brett S.
name: Herman, Edward I.
name: Kim, Junhyong
name: Wang, Kai
name: Sigman, Marian
name: Sutcliffe, James S.
name: Coon, Hilary
name: Imielinski, Marcin
name: Sweeney, John A.
name: Glessner, Joseph T.
name: Owley, Thomas
name: Kim, Cecilia
name: Cantor, Rita M.
name: Bradfield, Jonathan P.
name: Kustanovich, Vlad
name: Hutman, Ted
name: Dawson, Geraldine
name: Gidaya, Nicole B.
name: Sonnenblick, Lisa I.
name: Lajonchere, Clara M.
name: Bucan, Maja
name: Singleton, Andrew
name: Cook, Edwin H.
name: McMahon, William M.
name: Minshew, Nancy J.
name: Nurnberger, John I.
name: Alvarez Retuerto, Ana I.
name: Buxbaum, Joseph D.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: The genetics underlying the autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) is complex and remains poorly understood. Previous work has demonstrated an important role for structural variation in a subset of cases, but has lacked the resolution necessary to move beyond detection of large regions of potential interest to identification of individual genes. To pinpoint genes likely to contribute to ASD etiology, we performed high density genotyping in 912 multiplex families from the Autism Genetics Resource Exchange (AGRE) collection and contrasted results to those obtained for 1,488 healthy controls. Through prioritization of exonic deletions (eDels), exonic duplications (eDups), and whole gene duplication events (gDups), we identified more than 150 loci harboring rare variants in multiple unrelated probands, but no controls. Importantly, 27 of these were confirmed on examination of an independent replication cohort comprised of 859 cases and an additional 1,051 controls. Rare variants at known loci, including exonic deletions at NRXN1 and whole gene duplications encompassing UBE3A and several other genes in the 15q11–q13 region, were observed in the course of these analyses. Strong support was likewise observed for previously unreported genes such as BZRAP1, an adaptor molecule known to regulate synaptic transmission, with eDels or eDups observed in twelve unrelated cases but no controls (p = 2.3×10−5). Less is known about MDGA2, likewise observed to be case-specific (p = 1.3×10−4). But, it is notable that the encoded protein shows an unexpectedly high similarity to Contactin 4 (BLAST E-value = 3×10−39), which has also been linked to disease. That hundreds of distinct rare variants were each seen only once further highlights complexity in the ASDs and points to the continued need for larger cohorts.
Non-commutative phase-space Lotka-Volterra dynamics: the quantum analogue
Creators: name: Bernardini, Alex E.
name: Bertolami, Orfeu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Lotka-Volterra (LV) dynamics is investigated in the framework of the Weyl-Wigner (WW) quantum mechanics (QM) extended to one-dimensional Hamiltonian systems, $\mathcal{H}(x,\,k)$, constrained by the $\partial^2 \mathcal{H} / \partial x \, \partial k = 0$ condition. Supported by the Heisenberg-Weyl non-commutative algebra, where $[x,\,k] = i$, the canonical variables $x$ and $k$ are interpreted in terms of the LV variables, $y = e^{-x}$ and $z = e^{-k}$, eventually associated with the number of individuals in a closed competitive dynamics: the so-called prey-predator system. The WW framework provides the ground for identifying how classical and quantum evolution coexist at different scales, and for quantifying {\it quantum analogue} effects. Through the results from the associated Wigner currents, (non-)Liouvillian and stationary properties are described for thermodynamic and gaussian quantum ensembles in order to account for the corrections due to quantum features over the classical phase-space pattern yielded by the Hamiltonian description of the LV dynamics. In particular, for gaussian statistical ensembles, the Wigner flow framework provides the exact profile for the quantum modifications over the classical LV phase-space trajectories so that gaussian quantum ensembles can be interpreted as an adequate Hilbert space state configuration for comparing quantum and classical regimes. The generality of the framework developed here extends the boundaries of the understanding of quantum-like effects on competitive microscopical bio-systems.
description: 25 pages, 5 figures. In the preliminar version, expressions like a > 0, a < 0 and a = 0 , should be read as a > 1, a < 1 and a = 1, now corrected in this final version. Figure colors were changed in order to match the PRE publication
Fostering collaboration amongst off-campus students
Creators: name: McIntosh, P. Craig
name: Weaver, Debbi
Publisher: name: La Trobe
Year: 2023

description: While the importance of developing and giving feedback on generic skills is widely recognised for on-campus students, this is still largely ignored for off-campus students, primarily due to the practical difficulties involved. This paper reports on a pilot project that introduced a compulsory group work project into an off-campus unit, delivered through Open Universities Australia. Wikis were used as the technical tool to facilitate the project, which was mostly successful for students, albeit stressful and time-consuming for staff. While all participating students successfully completed group projects, only one group demonstrated high levels of collaboration during the process.

['Australasian Society for Computers in Learning in Tertiary Education. 2008 : Melbourne, Australia]']
Genome-Wide uH2A Localization Analysis Highlights Bmi1-Dependent Deposition of the Mark at Repressed Genes
Creators: name: Jothi, Raja
name: Cui, Kairong
name: Zhao, Keji
name: Xia, Kai
name: Kallin, Eric M.
name: Cao, Ru
name: Zhang, Yi
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: Polycomb group (PcG) proteins control organism development by regulating the expression of developmental genes. Transcriptional regulation by PcG proteins is achieved, at least partly, through the PRC2-mediated methylation on lysine 27 of histone H3 (H3K27) and PRC1-mediated ubiquitylation on lysine 119 of histone H2A (uH2A). As an integral component of PRC1, Bmi1 has been demonstrated to be critical for H2A ubiquitylation. Although recent studies have revealed the genome-wide binding patterns of some of the PRC1 and PRC2 components, as well as the H3K27me3 mark, there have been no reports describing genome-wide localization of uH2A. Using the recently developed ChIP-Seq technology, here, we report genome-wide localization of the Bmi1-dependent uH2A mark in MEF cells. Gene promoter averaging analysis indicates a peak of uH2A just inside the transcription start site (TSS) of well-annotated genes. This peak is enriched at promoters containing the H3K27me3 mark and represents the least expressed genes in WT MEF cells. In addition, peak finding reveals regions of local uH2A enrichment throughout the mouse genome, including almost 700 gene promoters. Genes with promoter peaks of uH2A exhibit lower-level expression when compared to genes that do not contain promoter peaks of uH2A. Moreover, we demonstrate that genes with uH2A peaks have increased expression upon Bmi1 knockout. Importantly, local enrichment of uH2A is not limited to regions containing the H3K27me3 mark. We describe the enrichment of H2A ubiquitylation at high-density CpG promoters and provide evidence to suggest that DNA methylation may be linked to uH2A at these regions. Thus, our work not only reveals Bmi1-dependent H2A ubiquitylation, but also suggests that uH2A targeting in differentiated cells may employ a different mechanism from that in ES cells.
High resilience prefabricated systems for the industrial buildings in seismic areas
Creators: name: Chesi, Eleonora
name: Perazzo, Paola
name: Calderini, Chiara
name: Giachetta, Andrea
Publisher: name: TECHNE - Journal of Technology for Architecture and Environment
Year: 2018

description: This article deals with the topic of seismic vulnerability of single-storey industrial buildings, proposing the design of a new system able to support the movement of the load-bearing structure during earthquakes. The targets of this solution at greater resilience, designed with prefabricated elements and innovative structure-cladding junctions, are the improvement of the performances of the industrial buildings in case of earthquake and the structural optimization of their load-bearing system with possible consequences for environmental sustainability, considering the possible reduction of construction material and energy during the production and transport phase.
description: TECHNE - Journal of Technology for Architecture and Environment, TECHNE 15 (2018): Architectural resilience
Diplomacy and science in the context of World War II: Arthur Compton's 1941 trip to Brazil
Creators: name: Junior, Olival Freire
name: Silva, Indianara
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: History and Philosophy of Physics (physics.hist-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Historical literature has traced US efforts to bring Latin American countries over to the side of the Allies in WWII. Following a period of hesitation and negotiation with the US and Germany, the Brazilian government aligned itself with the US. What remains virtually unknown is the involvement of scientists in these diplomatic arrangements. Recently unearthed material has shown that Arthur Compton's 1941 trip to a scientific conference on cosmic rays in Brazil was linked to efforts led by the Office for Inter-American Affairs under Nelson Rockefeller. For the Brazilian physicists, who, under the leadership of Gleb Wataghin, had excelled in this area of research during the late 1930s, science was a strong motivation for the visit; it was not, however, devoid of political connotations and professional interests.
Thermal effects in spintronic materials and devices: an experimentalist's guide
Creators: name: Zink, Barry L
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Research in spintronics often involves generation of heat in nanoscale magnetic systems. This heat generation can be intentional, as when studying effects created by an external applied temperature difference, or unintentional, coming as a consequence of driving relatively large charge currents through tiny structures. Understanding and controlling these thermal gradients can present challenges to experimentalists, which are related at some level to the fact that heat flow is much more difficult to isolate and manipulate than charge flow. This paper aims to provide a simple, intuitive framework to understand the fundamental issues that arise in spintronic materials and devices involving thermal gradients. The first goal is to provide simple tools to demonstrate how thermal gradients arise in systems with thin conducting films on bulk substrates. The main results are that a thermal gradient pointing perpendicular to the plane of a thin film supported on a macroscopic substrate is very common, even while the largest temperature drop in the system will exist across the bulk substrate itself. These results point to the need to understand the range of thermoelectric and magnetothermoelectric effects that can generate voltage signals and other responses to thermal gradients. I provide a brief review of these, along with relevant spin effects. The review concludes with examples and comments on several important ongoing issues in spintronics where thermal gradients play key roles.
Random Logic Programs: Linear Model
Creators: name: Wang, Kewen
name: Wen, Lian
name: Mu, Kedian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper proposes a model, the linear model, for randomly generating logic programs with low density of rules and investigates statistical properties of such random logic programs. It is mathematically shown that the average number of answer sets for a random program converges to a constant when the number of atoms approaches infinity. Several experimental results are also reported, which justify the suitability of the linear model. It is also experimentally shown that, under this model, the size distribution of answer sets for random programs tends to a normal distribution when the number of atoms is sufficiently large.
description: 33 pages. To appear in: Theory and Practice of Logic Programming
Multi-scale and adaptive-mitigation design methods for climate resilient cities
Creators: name: Leone, Mattia
name: Raven, Jeffrey
Publisher: name: TECHNE - Journal of Technology for Architecture and Environment
Year: 2018

description: Effectively addressing the issue of climate resilience in urban areas requires the development of innovative design methods that can handle the complexity of the information needed to guide sustainable urban regeneration and retrofitting strategies, as well as to manage the technological and environmental solutions in a multi-scale perspective. The paper presents the methodology developed by the ARC3-2 Urban Planning and Design working group of the Urban Climate Change Research Network (UCCRN) and the results of the experimental activities conducted within Studios and Workshops promoted in New York, Paris and Naples by the New York Institute of Technology, the Polytechnic of Milan and the University of Naples Federico II.
description: TECHNE - Journal of Technology for Architecture and Environment, TECHNE 15 (2018): Architectural resilience
Notes on the white running spider Gephyrota glauca (Jézéquel, 1966) from  South Africa (Araneae: Philodromidae)
Creators: name: Dippenaar-Schoeman, A.S.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: biodiversity

description: Gephyrota glauca (Jézéquel, 1966) is an African endemic species known from the Ivory Coast, Cameroon, and South Africa. It is a plant-dwelling species frequently found on vegetation. This article provides information on its general morphology, behaviour, and distribution in South Africa, along with photographs of live specimens.
Influence of the density of states on the odd-even staggering in the charge distribution of the emitted fragments
Creators: name: Calleya, N. L.
name: Souza, S. R.
name: Carlson, B. V.
name: Donangelo, R.
name: Lynch, W. G.
name: Tsang, M. B.
name: Winkelbauer, J. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The fragmentation of thermalized sources is studied using a version of the Statistical Multifragmentation Model which employs state densities that take the pairing gap in the nuclear levels into account. Attention is focused on the properties of the charge distributions observed in the breakup of the source. Since the microcanonical version of the model used in this study provides the primary fragment excitation energy distribution, one may correlate the reduction of the odd-even staggering in the charge distribution with the increasing occupation of high energy states. Thus, in the frame- work of this model, such staggering tends to disappear as a function of the total excitation energy of the source, although the energy per particle may be small for large systems. We also find that, although the deexcitation of the primary fragments should, in principle, blur these odd-even effects as the fragments follow their decay chains, the consistent treatment of pairing may significantly enhance these staggering effects on the final yields. In the framework of this model, we find that odd-even effects in the charge distributions should be observed in the fragmentation of relatively light systems at very low excitation energies. Our results also suggest that the odd-even staggering may provide useful information on the nuclear state density.
description: 7 pages, 6 figures
Lepton masses and mixings, and muon anomalous magnetic moment in an extended $B-L$ model with type I seesaw mechanism
Creators: name: Vien, V. V.
name: Long, H. N.
name: Hernández, A. E. Cárcamo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a $B-L$ model combined with the $S_4\times Z_3\times Z_4$ discrete symmetry which successfully explains the recent $3+1$ sterile - active neutrino data. The smallness of neutrino mass is obtained through the type-I seesaw mechanism. The active-active and sterile-active neutrino mixing angles are predicted to be consistent with the recent constraints in which $0.3401\, (0.3402) \leq \sin^2θ_{12}\leq 0.3415\, (0.3416), \, 0.456\, (0.433) \leq \sin^2θ_{23}\leq 0.544\, (0.545), \, 2.00\, (2.018) \leq 10^2\times \sin^2θ_{13}\leq 2.405\, (2.424),\,\, 156 \, (140.8) \leq δ^{(\circ)}_{CP}\leq 172\, (167.2)$ for normal (inverted) ordering of the three neutrino scenario, and $0.015 \,(0.022) \leq s^2_{14}\leq 0.045 \,(0.029), \, 0.005 (0.0095)\leq s^2_{24}\leq 0.012\, (0.012), \, 0.003 \,(0.009)\leq s^2_{34} \leq 0.011$ for normal (inverted) ordering of the $3+1$ neutrino scenario. Our model predicts flavour conserving leptonic neutral scalar interactions and successfully explains the muon $g-2$ anomaly.
description: Version accepted for publication in PTP