cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Harmonizing Agricultural and Environmental Policies
Creators: name: Lichtenberg, Erik
name: Lichtenberg, Erik
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: agriculture and environment
subject: environrrental protection
subject: resource conservation
subject: pesticides
subject: fertilizers
subject: water scarcity
subject: deforestation

description: I discuss three general lessons drawn from economic theory and historical experience for improving the performance of agriculture with respect to environmental protection and resource conservation. First, government development of environment­friendly, resource-conserving technologies and government investment in improvements in human capital are critical for making it feasible to reconcile agricultural productivity with environmental quality. Second, because new technologies evoke responses that are difficult to anticipate, it is essential to maintain proper incentives for environmental protection and resource conservation (e.g., taxes on the use of polluting inputs, setting prices of resources at their social oppatunity costs, establishing clear property rights). Third, agriculture sector policies like price supports, input subsidies, limitations on imports, and settlement promotion policies are important causes of environmental and resource degradation in many countries; thus, agriculture sector policy reform is necessary to improve environmental protection and resource conservation in agriculture.
Electron-Hole Asymmetry of Surface States in Topological Insulator Sb2Te3 Thin Films Revealed by Magneto-Infrared Spectroscopy
Creators: name: Jiang, Yuxuan
name: Asmar, Mahmoud M.
name: Han, Xingyue
name: Ozerov, Mykhalo
name: Smirnov, Dmitry
name: Salehi, Maryam
name: Oh, Seongshik
name: Jiang, Zhigang
name: Tse, Wang-Kong
name: Wu, Liang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: When surface states (SSs) form in topological insulators (TIs), they inherit the properties of bulk bands, including the electron-hole (e-h) asymmetry but with much more profound impacts. Here, via combining magneto-infrared spectroscopy with theoretical analysis, we show that e-h asymmetry significantly modifies the SS electronic structures when interplaying with the quantum confinement effect. Compared to the case without e-h asymmetry, the SSs now bear not only a band asymmetry as that in the bulk but also a shift of the Dirac point relative to the bulk bands and a reduction of the hybridization gap up to 70%. Our results signify the importance of e-h asymmetry in band engineering of TIs in the thin film limit.
description: 10 pages,6 figures, including supporting information. Submission version. Added two references and revised acknowledgment. Accepted in Nano Lett
Additional file 3 of Estimating the burden of iron deficiency among African children
Creators: name: Muriuki, John
name: Mentzer, Alexander
name: Webb, Emily
name: Alireza Morovat
name: Wandia Kimita
name: Ndungu, Francis
name: Macharia, Alex
name: Crane, Rosie
name: Berkley, James
name: Swaib Lule
name: Cutland, Clare
name: Sodiomon Sirima
name: Amidou Diarra
name: Tiono, Alfred
name: Bejon, Philip
name: Madhi, Shabir
name: Hill, Adrian
name: Prentice, Andrew
name: Suchdev, Parminder
name: Elliott, Alison
name: Williams, Thomas
name: Atkinson, Sarah
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Hematology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Table S3. Regression-corrected and uncorrected prevalence of iron deficiency defined by additional iron biomarkers by study site.
Ενσωμάτωση και αξιολόγηση διαδραστικών ερωτήσεων σε εκπαιδευτικά βίντεο για MOOCs
Creators: name: Τοπαλίδης, Γεώργιος Τηλέμαχου
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2021
Subjects: Διαδραστικά βίντεο μαθήματα
H5P
MOOC
Interactive video courses

description: Ο στόχος της εργασίας αυτής είναι να εμπλουτίσει ένα σύνολο από εκπαιδευτικά βίντεο με διάδραση και να καταγράψει τις απόψεις που έχουν οι μαθητές σε αυτά συγκρίνοντας τα με τα βίντεο χωρίς τη διάδραση. Οι μαθητές είχαν παρακολουθήσει τις βιντεοδιαλέξεις χωρίς ερωτήσεις πριν από ένα χρόνο και τους ζητήθηκε να παρακολουθήσουν ξανά μερικές από τις βιντεοδιαλέξεις αλλά αυτή τη φορά είχαν ερωτήσεις. Ως διάδραση ορίζονται ερωτήσεις οι οποίες εμφανίζονται κατά τη διάρκεια του βίντεο και ο μαθητής πρέπει να αλληλεπιδράσει με τις ερωτήσεις ώστε να μπορέσει να παρακολουθήσει το υπόλοιπο βίντεο. Για τη δημιουργία των διαδράσεων χρησιμοποιήθηκε το εργαλείο H5P, το οποίο είναι ένα εργαλείο που έχει ως στόχο να δημιουργήσει διαδραστικό περιεχόμενο πάνω στην HTML 5. Συνολικά έγιναν δεκαεπτά διαδραστικά βίντεο και από αυτά τα δύο χρησιμοποιήθηκαν για την αξιολόγηση της εργασίας. Τα βίντεο ήταν πάνω στη γλώσσα προγραμματισμού Python, από δημιουργία δομών δεδομένων μέχρι και το πώς γίνεται η διαχείριση αρχείων στην Python. Η σύγκριση έγινε με τη συμπλήρωση ερωτηματολογίου από τους μαθητές, το οποίο περιείχε κλειστού τύπου ερωτήσεις πάνω στα δημογραφικά στοιχεία των μαθητών και στις ερωτήσεις αξιολόγησης ενώ υπήρχε μία ερώτηση ανοιχτού τύπου με στόχο τη συλλογή σχολίων. Συνολικά απάντησαν 45 μαθητές στις κλειστού τύπου ερωτήσεις και 16 στην ερώτηση ανοιχτού τύπου
description: The aim of this work is to enhance a set of educational videos with interaction and to record the opinions of the students compared to the videos without the interaction. The students had already watched the videos without interaction a year ago and now they have been asked to watch a set of the videos but this time with in-video questions. Interaction is defined as a prompt that shows up during a video and the student must interact with it in order to continue watching the video. For creating the interactive content, we used the tool H5P a tool which is for creating interactive content using HTML 5. In total, we created seventeen interactive videos and from those we used two videos for the experiment. The videos cover the fundamentals of the programming language Python and the subject of the videos could range from the use of data structure to how to use files for saving and loading data with Python. For the comparison students had to submit a questionnaire which contain closed-ended questions for the demographics of the students and for the quality of the questions. Also, we had an open-ended question for collecting comments from the students. In total we had forty-five students that answered all the closed type questions and sixteen that answered the open-ended question
Polarization-dependent photoluminescence-excitation spectra of one-dimensional exciton and continuum states in T-shaped quantum wires
Creators: name: Itoh, Hirotake
name: Hayamizu, Yuhei
name: Yoshita, Masahiro
name: Akiyama, Hidefumi
name: Pfeiffer, Loren N.
name: West, Ken W.
name: Szymanska, Marzena H.
name: Littlewood, Peter B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We measured polarization-dependent photoluminescence-excitation spectra of highly uniform T-shaped quantum wires at 5 K. We attribute one peak to the 1D-exciton ground state and the continuous absorption band to 1D continuum states. These had similar polarization-dependences. We also observed some other peaks above the 1D-exciton ground state and attribute them to exciton states consisting of excited hole subbands. These results show good agreement with a model calculation of a single electron-hole pair in T-shaped geometry with exact diagonalizations of the Coulomb interaction.
Decoherence and the Loschmidt echo
Creators: name: Cucchietti, F. M.
name: Dalvit, D. A. R.
name: Paz, J. P.
name: Zurek, W. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Environment--induced decoherence causes entropy increase. It can be quantified using, e.g., the purity $ς={\rm Tr}ρ^2$. When the Hamiltonian of a quantum system is perturbed, its sensitivity to such perturbation can be measured by the Loschmidt echo $\bar M(t)$. It is given by the average squared overlap between the perturbed and unperturbed state. We describe the relation between the temporal behavior of $ς(t)$ and $\bar M(t)$. In this way we show that the decay of the Loschmidt echo can be analyzed using tools developed in the study of decoherence. In particular, for systems with a classically chaotic Hamiltonian the decay of $ς$ and $\bar M$ has a regime where it is dominated by the classical Lyapunov exponents
On the Emergence of a Power Law in the Distribution of COVID-19 Cases
Creators: name: Beare, Brendan K.
name: Toda, Alexis Akira
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: The first confirmed case of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in the US was reported on January 21, 2020. By the end of March, 2020, there were more than 180000 confirmed cases in the US, distributed across more than 2000 counties. We find that the right tail of this distribution exhibits a power law, with Pareto exponent close to one. We investigate whether a simple model of the growth of COVID-19 cases involving Gibrat's law can explain the emergence of this power law. The model is calibrated to match (i) the growth rates of confirmed cases, and (ii) the varying lengths of time during which COVID-19 had been present within each county. Thus calibrated, the model generates a power law with Pareto exponent nearly exactly equal to the exponent estimated directly from the distribution of confirmed cases across counties at the end of March.
Mutant TP53 switches therapeutic vulnerability during gastric cancer progression within interleukin-6 family cytokines
Creators: name: Huber, Anne
name: Allam, Amr
name: Dijkstra, Christine
name: Thiem, Stafan
name: Huynh, Jennifer
name: Poh, Ashleigh
name: Konecnik, Joshua
name: Jacob, Saumya P
name: Busuttil, R
name: Liao, Yang
name: Chisanga, David
name: Shi, Wei
name: Alorro, Mariah Grace
name: Forrow, S
name: Tauriello, DVF
name: Batlle, E
name: Boussioutas, A
name: Williams, David
name: Buchert, Michael
name: Ernst, Matthias
name: Eissmann, Moritz
Publisher: name: La Trobe
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 31
subject: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
classificationCode: 3101
subject: Biochemistry and cell biology
classificationCode: 3211
subject: Oncology and carcinogenesis

description: Although aberrant activation of the KRAS and PI3K pathway alongside TP53 mutations account for frequent aberrations in human gastric cancers, neither the sequence nor the individual contributions of these mutations have been clarified. Here, we establish an allelic series of mice to afford conditional expression in the glandular epithelium of KrasG12D;Pik3caH1047R or Trp53R172H and/or ablation of Pten or Trp53. We find that KrasG12D;Pik3caH1047R is sufficient to induce adenomas and that lesions progress to carcinoma when also harboring Pten deletions. An additional challenge with either Trp53 loss- or gain-of-function alleles further accelerated tumor progression and triggered metastatic disease. While tumor-intrinsic STAT3 signaling in response to gp130 family cytokines remained as a gatekeeper for all stages of tumor development, metastatic progression required a mutant Trp53-induced interleukin (IL)-11 to IL-6 dependency switch. Consistent with the poorer survival of patients with high IL-6 expression, we identify IL-6/STAT3 signaling as a therapeutic vulnerability for TP53-mutant gastric cancer.
Small Time Asymptotics for SPDEs with Locally Monotone Coefficients
Creators: name: Li, Shihu
name: Liu, Wei
name: Xie, Yingchao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60H15, 60F10, 76S05, 35J92, 35K57

description: This work aims to prove the small time large deviation principle (LDP) for a class of stochastic partial differential equations (SPDEs) with locally monotone coefficients in generalized variational framework. The main result could be applied to demonstrate the small time LDP for various quasilinear and semilinear SPDEs such as stochastic porous media equations, stochastic $p$-Laplace equations, stochastic Burgers type equation, stochastic 2D Navier-Stokes equation, stochastic power law fluid equation and stochastic Ladyzhenskaya model. In particular, our small time LDP result seems to be new in the case of general quasilinear SPDEs with multiplicative noise.
description: 28 pages
Emergence of quasi-condensates of hard-core bosons at finite momentum
Creators: name: Rigol, Marcos
name: Muramatsu, Alejandro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An exact treatment of the non-equilibrium dynamics of hard-core bosons on one-dimensional lattices shows that, starting from a pure Fock state, quasi-long-range correlations develop dynamically, and that they lead to the formation of quasi-condensates at finite momenta. Scaling relations characterizing the quasi-condensate and the dynamics of its formation are obtained. The relevance of our findings for atom lasers with full control of the wave-length by means of a lattice is discussed.
description: Revtex file, 4 pages, 4 figures. Published version
Effect of uncontrolled warming on supercooled chicken sperm
Creators: name: Bernal Juárez, Berenice
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: supercooling
rooster sperm
warming
DMA
chicken sperm
rooster
cock
chicken

description: Preliminary studies by our group showedthat the % intact acrosomes of chickensperm had declined from 87.3 ± 1.42 to41.7±7.7 after 2 min of supercooling at -10°C. The present study investigatedwhether the negative effect was due tosupercooling per se or to the subsequentwarming of the supercooled sperm. Theexperiment was replicated six times. Perreplicate, pooled semen from 5 randomlyselected roosters was prediluted with ASGdiluent, and after cooling to 5°C, it wasmixed with diluent + DMA to a finalconcentration of 0.6M DMA. The semenwas held at 5°C during 1h. Aliquots (0.22mL) were transferred into glass tubes andplaced in an ethanol bath at -10.5ᵒC. After 2min (sample temperature -8 ± 0.5ᵒC) thesemen in one tube was fixed by adding 0.22mL of cold formaldehyde and placed on ice.Simultaneously, another tube was removedfrom the bath to warm at room temperaturefor 5 min prior to fixation. The sameprocedure was performed after 4, 6 and 10minutes. Smears were prepared from thefixed samples and stained with methyl blueto visualize the acrosome. The resultsobtained were compared with those obtainedfrom the same semen+DMA that hadremained at 5ᵒC. The data were analyzed byWilcoxon test. There was no appreciabledecline in acrosome integrity of semen thathad been supercooled and fixed at -8 ᵒC,compared with the semen that remained at5ᵒC. In samples that were warmed prior tofixation, acrosome integrity decreased from87.8±1.0 (semen held at 5ᵒC) to 45.6±1.6(supercooled). This showed thatuncontrolled warming from −8 to −10°C toroom temperature was deleterious to theacrosome integrity of chicken sperm, while he supercooling per se had no appreciableeffect.

Funding: European Union, HORIZON-MSCA-2022-PF-01-01, Project 101109983 CRYOCHICK
First observation of a narrow charm-strange meson DsJ(2632) -> Ds eta and D0 K+
Creators: name: The SELEX Collaboration
name: Evdokimov, A. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the first observation of a charm-strange meson DsJ(2632) at a mass of 2632.6+/-1.6 MeV/c^2 in data from SELEX, the charm hadro-production experiment E781 at Fermilab. This state is seen in two decay modes, Ds eta and D0 K+. In the Ds eta decay mode we observe an excess of 49.3 events with a significance of 7.2sigma at a mass of 2635.9+/-2.9 MeV/c^2. There is a corresponding peak of 14 events with a significance of 5.3sigma at 2631.5+/-1.9 MeV/c^2 in the decay mode D0 K+. The decay width of this state is <17 MeV/c^2 at 90% confidence level. The relative branching ratio Gamma(D0K+)/Gamma(Dseta) is 0.16+/-0.06. The mechanism which keeps this state narrow is unclear. Its decay pattern is also unusual, being dominated by the Ds eta decay mode.
description: 5 pages, 3 included eps figures. v2 as accepted for publication by PRL
Additional file 2 of Estimating the burden of iron deficiency among African children
Creators: name: Muriuki, John
name: Mentzer, Alexander
name: Webb, Emily
name: Alireza Morovat
name: Wandia Kimita
name: Ndungu, Francis
name: Macharia, Alex
name: Crane, Rosie
name: Berkley, James
name: Swaib Lule
name: Cutland, Clare
name: Sodiomon Sirima
name: Amidou Diarra
name: Tiono, Alfred
name: Bejon, Philip
name: Madhi, Shabir
name: Hill, Adrian
name: Prentice, Andrew
name: Suchdev, Parminder
name: Elliott, Alison
name: Williams, Thomas
name: Atkinson, Sarah
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Table S2. Associations between age, sex, inflammation, malaria, and nutritional status.
Παραγωγή χαρτών με τη χρήση Παραγωγικών Αντιπαλικών Δικτύων
Creators: name: Πέτρου, Βασίλειος Ανδρέα
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2021
Subjects: Παραγωγικά Αντιπαλικά Δίκτυα
Βαθιά Μάθηση
Παραγωγή Χαρτών
Generative Adversarial Networks
Deep Learning
Map Generation

description: Ο στόχος της παρούσας Διπλωματικής Εργασίας είναι η εκμετάλλευση των πρόσφατων εξελίξεων στα νευρωνικά δίκτυα, και συγκεκριμένα στα Παραγωγικά Αντιπαλικά Δίκτυα (GANs), με σκοπό την αυτόματη παραγωγή υλικού χρήσιμου για τον σχεδιασμό παιχνιδιών. Πιο συγκεκριμένα, στοχεύσαμε στη διαδικαστική παραγωγή χαρτών, οι οποίοι θα μπορούσαν να χρησιμοποιηθούν στην κατασκευή επιπέδων ή πιστών για ηλεκτρονικά παιχνίδια ή ακόμα και για περιβάλλοντα προσομοιώσεων. Το υλικό που δημιουργείται είναι σε μορφή εικόνων οι οποίες θα μπορούσαν να αποτελέσουν βάση για τον σχεδιασμό των προαναφερθέντων. Για την εκπαίδευση χρησιμοποιήθηκαν διάφορες Αρχιτεκτονικές Παραγωγικών Αντιπαλικών Δικτύων δίνοντας έμφαση στην αρχιτεκτονική «StyleGAN2», η οποία έδωσε τα καλύτερα και πιο καθαρά αποτελέσματα. Στην παρούσα εργασία δίνονται πληροφορίες για τη γενική λογική και την αρχή λειτουργίας των Παραγωγικών Αντιπαλικών Δικτύων κι επίσης παρέχεται κάποιο υπόβαθρο για την κατανόησή τους. Παρουσιάζονται κάποιες συγκεκριμένες Αρχιτεκτονικές οι οποίες αποτελούν σταθμό στα Δίκτυα αυτά και που έδειξαν να έχουν εξαιρετικές επιδόσεις στην εργασία της παραγωγής ψεύτικων αλλά ταυτόχρονα αληθοφανών εικόνων για διάφορες χρήσεις. Τέλος, δίνονται η περιγραφή των πειραμάτων, ο τρόπος εκτέλεσής τους, τα αποτελέσματά τους και μερικά συμπεράσματα
description: The aim of this dissertation is to take advantage of the recent developments in neural networks and specifically in Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) to automatically generate useful content for Game Development. Specifically, we aimed at the procedural generation of maps that could be used to build levels for computer games or even for simulation environments. The material created is in the form of images that could be the base for designing of the above. Various Generative Adversarial Network Architectures were used, emphasizing on the StyleGAN2 architecture which gave the best and clearest results. This thesis provides information on the general logic and principles of Generative Adversarial Networks but also provides a background for better understanding these techniques. Several state-of-the-art architectures that have shown excellent performance in the task of producing fake but at the same time realistic images for various uses are presented. Finally, descriptions of the experiments, their results as well as some conclusions are provided
Indications for Large Rescattering in Rare B Decays
Creators: name: Hou, George W. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The sign of $A_{\rm CP}(K^-π^+) < 0$, the evidence for $\bar B^0 \to π^0π^0$, and the possibly sizable $A_{ππ}$ and $S_{ππ}$ in $\bar B^0 \to π^+π^-$ all suggest that final state rescattering may be needed in $\bar B\to PP$ decay, which is echoed by large color suppressed $\bar B^0\to D^0h^0$ modes. An SU(3) formalism of ${\bf 8}\otimes {\bf 8} \to {\bf 8}\otimes {\bf 8}$ rescattering in $PP$ final states leads to interesting predictions, in particular allowing for small $\bar B^0 \to K^-K^+$.
description: 3 pages, 3 figures. Talk presented at EPS2003 Conference, Aachen, Germany, July 2003
Geographic determinants of rice self-sufficiency in Southeast Asia
Creators: name: Dawe, David
name: Dawe, David
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2013
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
Crop Production/Industries
Community/Rural/Urban Development

description: Rice self-sufficiency is a key objective of most Asian governments, yet attaining that objective has been elusive for several countries over extended periods of time; long-term status as an exporter or importer is relatively constant, and is altered only by revolutionary events (i.e., major changes in policy or technologies). Traditional rice importers tend to eat less rice (and more wheat) than traditional exporters, so the determining factors behind rice self-sufficiency must lie on the supply side. This paper finds that the main determinant of (per capita) rice production is not rice yield per hectare, but rather the amount of per capita rice area harvested, which in turn is determined largely by the proportion of land that is well-suited for growing rice. Thus, countries with ample (per capita) supplies of water and flat land (i.e. those with dominant river deltas on the mainland) are self-sufficient in rice, and countries with more varied landscapes are not.
description: FAO Document Repository: http://www.fao.org/3/a-aq656e.pdf
Additional file 1 of Estimating the burden of iron deficiency among African children
Creators: name: Muriuki, John
name: Mentzer, Alexander
name: Webb, Emily
name: Alireza Morovat
name: Wandia Kimita
name: Ndungu, Francis
name: Macharia, Alex
name: Crane, Rosie
name: Berkley, James
name: Swaib Lule
name: Cutland, Clare
name: Sodiomon Sirima
name: Amidou Diarra
name: Tiono, Alfred
name: Bejon, Philip
name: Madhi, Shabir
name: Hill, Adrian
name: Prentice, Andrew
name: Suchdev, Parminder
name: Elliott, Alison
name: Williams, Thomas
name: Atkinson, Sarah
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Table S1. Laboratory assays for iron and inflammatory biomarkers by study site.
Mathematics underfoot: The formulas that came to Wuerzburg from New Haven
Creators: name: Bracken, Anthony John
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: History and Philosophy of Physics (physics.hist-ph)
subject: History and Overview (math.HO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Two formulas are set in floor-tiles in the foyer of the Wuerzburg building that houses the laboratory in which Wilhelm Roentgen discovered X-rays in 1895. But what do they mean, and what have they got to do with Roentgen or his work? The answers involve two distinguished professors and their PhD students, working on opposite sides of the Atlantic in the 19th Century.
Women's Experiences of Gender-Based Interpersonal Violence in Sport: A Qualitative Meta-Synthesis
Creators: name: Forsdike, Kirsty
name: Burgemeister, Fiona
Publisher: name: La Trobe
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 5203
subject: Clinical and health psychology
classificationCode: 4409
subject: Social work
classificationCode: 4402
subject: Criminology
subject: FOS: Law
classificationCode: 44
subject: Human society
classificationCode: 4410
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology

description: Violence against women in sport is pervasive. Prevalence rates of interpersonal violence range from 26% to 74% across psychological, physical, and sexual violence. This review synthesizes adult women’s experiences of gender-based interpersonal violence in sport. A systematic review of qualitative studies was conducted. Five databases were searched, including CINAHL, Web of Science, SPORTDiscus, PsycINFO, and Sociological Abstracts. In total, 1,617 records were retrieved and screened. Twenty-five records representing 24 studies were eligible for inclusion. Following a meta-ethnographic approach, both authors synthesized first- (participants) and second-(researcher) order constructs to create a new interpretation (third-order construct) beyond the individual studies reviewed. A feminist socio-ecological lens was applied. Five themes were constructed: women’s safety work, the normalization of abusive behaviors in the sports context, sport family violence, organizational impotence and hostility, and women’s status in a patriarchal system. Women’s experiences of abuse are mapped within and across the individual, relational, organizational, and cultural levels of the socio-ecological model, with (lack of) power being a central factor within each level as well as flowing between the levels. A fifth socio-ecological level was developed pertaining to the unique context of sport—that of the sport family. This sits between the relational and organizational levels of the model and covers both intense familial relationships and patriarchal familial organizational structures in sport that facilitate and silence the abuse. Sporting bodies must co-design interventions encompassing all socio-ecological levels to address gender-based violence in sport.
New algorithm for the computation of the partition function for the Ising model on a square lattice
Creators: name: Malarz, K.
name: Magdon-Maksymowicz, M. S.
name: Maksymowicz, A. Z.
name: Kawecka-Magiera, B.
name: Kulakowski, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A new and efficient algorithm is presented for the calculation of the partition function in the $S=\pm 1$ Ising model. As an example, we use the algorithm to obtain the thermal dependence of the magnetic spin susceptibility of an Ising antiferromagnet for a $8\times 8$ square lattice with open boundary conditions. The results agree qualitatively with the prediction of the Monte Carlo simulations and with experimental data and they are better than the mean field approach results. For the $8\times 8$ lattice, the algorithm reduces the computation time by nine orders of magnitude.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures, to appear in Int. J. Mod. Phys. C
Ανίχνευση φαρμάκων και ναρκωτικών σε μεταθανάτια δείγματα οστών
Creators: name: Κοεμτζή, Ιωάννα Δημοσθένη
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2021
Subjects: Φάρμακα - Ναρκωτικά
Ανίχνευση
Μεταθανάτια Δείγματα Οστών
Medicinal drugs - Drugs of Abuse
Detection
Postmortem Bones

description: Σκοπός της διπλωματικής ήταν η μελέτη της βιβλιογραφίας σχετικά με την ανίχνευση φαρμάκων, ναρκωτικών ουσιών και των μεταβολιτών τους σε μεταθανάτια δείγματα οστών και μυελού των οστών, με σκοπό την εξαγωγή ορισμένων συμπερασμάτων ανά κατηγορία ουσιών. Τα συμπεράσματα που προέκυψαν αφορούν στα είδη των ουσιών που μπορούν να ανιχνευθούν, τις μεθόδους ανάλυσης και προκατεργασίας των δειγμάτων, τις τυχόν πληροφορίες που μπορούν να προκύψουν σε σχέση με την αιτία θανάτου και των διαφόρων παραγόντων που επηρεάζουν την κατανομή των προσδιοριζόμενων ουσιών σε δείγματα οστών και μυελού των οστών. Επιπλέον, αποσαφηνίσαμε για κάθε ομάδα χημικών ουσιών την καταλληλότερη επιλογή μεθόδων ανίχνευσης και ποσοτικού προσδιορισμού και τους λόγους για τους οποίους κάποιες ουσίες δεν ανιχνεύονται στα προς μελέτη μεταθανάτια δείγματα οστών και μυελού των οστών
description: The purpose of the dissertation was to study the literature on the detection of drugs, drugs of abuse and their metabolites in postmortem bone and bone marrow samples, in order to draw certain conclusions by category of substances. The conclusions reached concern the types of substances that can be detected, the methods of analysis and preliminary preparation of samples, any information that may arise in relation to the cause of death and the various factors that affect the distribution of the identified substances in bone and bone marrow samples. Furthermore, we clarified for each group of substances the most appropriate choice of detection and quantification methods and the reasons why some substances are not detected in the postmortem bone and bone marrow samples to be studied
Hierarchical Multi-Agent Optimization for Resource Allocation in Cloud Computing
Creators: name: Gao, Xiangqiang
name: Liu, Rongke
name: Kaushik, Aryan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: In cloud computing, an important concern is to allocate the available resources of service nodes to the requested tasks on demand and to make the objective function optimum, i.e., maximizing resource utilization, payoffs and available bandwidth. This paper proposes a hierarchical multi-agent optimization (HMAO) algorithm in order to maximize the resource utilization and make the bandwidth cost minimum for cloud computing. The proposed HMAO algorithm is a combination of the genetic algorithm (GA) and the multi-agent optimization (MAO) algorithm. With maximizing the resource utilization, an improved GA is implemented to find a set of service nodes that are used to deploy the requested tasks. A decentralized-based MAO algorithm is presented to minimize the bandwidth cost. We study the effect of key parameters of the HMAO algorithm by the Taguchi method and evaluate the performance results. When compared with genetic algorithm (GA) and fast elitist non-dominated sorting genetic (NSGA-II) algorithm, the simulation results demonstrate that the HMAO algorithm is more effective than the existing solutions to solve the problem of resource allocation with a large number of the requested tasks. Furthermore, we provide the performance comparison of the HMAO algorithm with the first-fit greedy approach in on-line resource allocation.
Post-Green Revolution food systems and the triple burden of malnutrition
Creators: name: Gómez, Miguel I.
name: Barrett, Christopher B.
name: Raney, Terry
name: Pinstrup-Andersen, Per
name: Meerman, Janice
name: Croppenstedt, André
name: Lowder, Sarah K.
name: Carisma, Brian
name: Thompson, Brian
name: Gómez, Miguel I.
name: Barrett, Christopher B.
name: Raney, Terry
name: Pinstrup-Andersen, Per
name: Meerman, Janice
name: Croppenstedt, André
name: Lowder, Sarah K.
name: Carisma, Brian
name: Thompson, Brian
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2013
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
Food Security and Poverty
Agribusiness

description: Developing country food systems have changed dramatically since the Green Revolution period. At the same time, malnutrition still represents a challenge and is now understood to encompass the three simultaneous dimensions of undernourishment, micronutrient deficiencies, and over-nutrition manifest in overweight and obesity. These changes in food systems and in the understanding of the global malnutrition challenge necessitate fresh thinking about food systems-based strategies to reduce malnutrition. This paper introduces a special section that offers such new perspectives. We discuss trends with respect to indicators of the triple burden of malnutrition to understand the extent of global malnutrition challenges and then relate those to food systems transformation in developing countries.
description: FAO Document Repository: http://www.fao.org/3/CA2273EN/ca2273en.pdf
Adoption and intensity of adoption of conservation farming practices in Zambia
Creators: name: Arslan, Aslihan
name: McCarthy, Nancy
name: Lipper, Leslie
name: Asfaw, Solomon
name: Cattaneo, Andrea
name: Arslan, Aslihan
name: McCarthy, Nancy
name: Lipper, Leslie
name: Asfaw, Solomon
name: Cattaneo, Andrea
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2013
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
Farm Management

description: This paper analyses the determinants of farmer adoption of conservation farming practices using panel data from two rounds of the Rural Incomes and Livelihoods Surveys that were implemented in 2004 and 2008. Conservation farming (CF) has been actively promoted in seven of Zambia's nine provinces since the 1980s. CF has the technical potential to contribute to food security and adaptation to climate change; however, rigorous analyses of the determinants of adoption/dis-adoption of these practices, are still scarce. This paper fills this gap by combining rich panel data with historical rainfall data to understand the determinants of adoption and intensity of two CF practices: minimum/zero tillage and planting basins. Controlling for the confounding effects of household level unobservables, we find that extension services and rainfall variability are the strongest determinants of adoption, suggesting that farmers use these practices as an adaptation strategy to mitigate the negative effects of variable rainfall. Eastern province shows a significantly different trend in terms of both adoption and the intensity of adoption, indicating that the long established CF activities in the province have had some impact though high disadoption rates are observed even in this province.
description: FAO Document Repository: http://www.fao.org/3/a-aq288e.pdf
Εξόρυξη Κανόνων Συσχέτισης για τη Σύσταση Προϊόντων
Creators: name: Καραθανάση, Ελισάβετ Δημητρίου
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2021
Subjects: Κανόνες συσχέτισης
Εξόρυξη δεδομένων
Συστήματα συστάσεων
Association rules
Data mining
Recommender systems

description: Η εργασία αυτή αφορά την παρουσίαση της τεχνικής ανακάλυψης κανόνων συσχέτισης για την παραγωγή συστάσεων φαρμάκων αλλά και προϊόντων γενικότερα. Η ανακάλυψη κανόνων συσχέτισης αποτελεί μια από τις σημαντικότερες τεχνικές εξόρυξης δεδομένων, καθώς μέσω αυτής διατυπώνονται υπαρκτές σχέσεις στα δεδομένα, αναγκαίες για την εξαγωγή χρήσιμων συμπερασμάτων. Ειδικότερα στην εργασία αυτή, αφού πραγματοποιηθεί μια εκτενής περιγραφή των συστημάτων συστάσεων, αναλύεται η τεχνική των κανόνων συσχέτισης αλλά και των βασικών αλγορίθμων εξόρυξης τους, με σκοπό την κατανόηση του τρόπου παραγωγής γνώσης. Στη συνέχεια, ακολουθεί η μετάβαση από τη θεωρία στην πράξη όπου πραγματοποιείται εξόρυξη κανόνων συσχέτισης από πραγματικά δεδομένα επιχείρησης και περιγράφεται η διαδικασία εξόρυξης γνώσης και παραγωγής συστάσεων από αυτούς τους κανόνες. Στα πλαίσια της εξόρυξης των κανόνων συσχέτισης επιλέγεται η χρήση του λογισμικού εξόρυξης γνώσης WEKA, μέσω του οποίου εξοικονομείται χρόνος και εξάγονται αξιόπιστα αποτελέσματα. Μέσα από αυτά, αξιολογούνται οι παραγόμενοι κανόνες αλλά και η ποιότητα της πληροφορίας των διαθέσιμων δεδομένων
description: This Master’s thesis refers to the presentation of association rule mining technique for drug recommendations and products in general. Αssociation rule mining is one of the most important data mining techniques, as it formulates existing relationships in data which are necessary for drawing useful conclusions. In particular, in this thesis, after an extensive description of recommender systems, the technique of association rules and their basic extraction algorithms are analyzed in order to understand the way of knowledge generation. After that, the transition from theory to practice follows: association rule mining is carried out from real business data and the process of extracting knowledge and generating recommendations from these rules is described. In the context of association rule mining, the use of WEKA knowledge mining software is chosen, whereby time is saved and reliable results are extracted. Through them, the produced rules are evaluated as well as the quality of the information of the available data
Who invests in agriculture and how much? An empirical review of the relative size of various investments in agriculture in low- and middle-income countries
Creators: name: Lowder, Sarah K.
name: Carisma, Brian
name: Skoet, Jakob
name: Lowder, Sarah K.
name: Carisma, Brian
name: Skoet, Jakob
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2012
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
Agricultural Finance

description: Investment in agriculture is widely recognized as crucial for economic growth, poverty reduction and improved food and nutrition security. Although several estimates have been made of how much investment is needed in agriculture to achieve production or food security goals, no source to date has attempted to estimate the total amount of public and private investment that is actually made in agriculture. This paper does so using the most up to date and comprehensive international datasets available. It provides estimates of the relative size of investments from different sources for 76 low- and middle-income countries. Comparing the relative magnitudes of agricultural investment flows shows that the private sector is by far the largest investor in agriculture. This has important implications for policy: while funding of public investment in agriculture remains essential, in order to spur agricultural development, the focus of governments and international organizations must broaden. In addition to considering public investment in terms of dollar amounts, the international community and domestic governments must consider policies that help create the enabling environment that fosters more socially and environmentally sustainable private investment in agriculture.
description: FAO Document Repository: http://www.fao.org/3/a-ap854e.pdf
Ehf controls mammary alveolar lineage differentiation and is a putative suppressor of breast tumorigenesis
Creators: name: Nightingale, Rebecca
name: Reehorst, Camilla Marstrander
name: Vukelic, Natalia
name: Papadopoulos, Nikolaos
name: Liao, Yang
name: Guleria, Shalini
name: Bell, Caroline
name: Vaillant, François
name: Paul, Sudip
name: Luk, Ian
name: Dhillon, Amardeep S
name: Jenkins, Laura
name: Morrow, Riley
name: Jackling, Felicity C
name: Chand, Ashwini
name: Chisanga, David
name: Chen, Yunshun
name: Williams, David
name: Anderson, Robin
name: Ellis, Sarah
name: Meikle, Peter
name: Shi, Wei
name: Visvader, Jane E
name: Pal, Bhupinder
name: Mariadason, John
Publisher: name: La Trobe
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 31
subject: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
classificationCode: 3101
subject: Biochemistry and cell biology

description: The transcription factor EHF is highly expressed in the lactating mammary gland, but its role in mammary development and tumorigenesis is not fully understood. Utilizing a mouse model of Ehf deletion, herein, we demonstrate that loss of Ehf impairs mammary lobuloalveolar differentiation at late pregnancy, indicated by significantly reduced levels of milk genes and milk lipids, fewer differentiated alveolar cells, and an accumulation of alveolar progenitor cells. Further, deletion of Ehf increased proliferative capacity and attenuated prolactin-induced alveolar differentiation in mammary organoids. Ehf deletion also increased tumor incidence in the MMTV-PyMT mammary tumor model and increased the proliferative capacity of mammary tumor organoids, while low EHF expression was associated with higher tumor grade and poorer outcome in luminal A and basal human breast cancers. Collectively, these findings establish EHF as a non-redundant regulator of mammary alveolar differentiation and a putative suppressor of mammary tumorigenesis.
Variable Infrared Emission from the Supermassive Black Hole at the Center of the Milky Way
Creators: name: Ghez, A. M.
name: Wright, S. A.
name: Matthews, K.
name: Thompson, D.
name: Mignant, D. Le
name: Tanner, A.
name: Hornstein, S. D.
name: Morris, M.
name: Becklin, E. E.
name: Soifer, B. T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the detection of a variable point source, imaged at L'(3.8 microns) with the W. M. Keck II 10-meter telescope's adaptive optics system, that is coincident to within 18 mas of the Galaxy's central supermassive black hole and the unique radio source Sgr A*. While in 2002 this source (SgrA*-IR) was confused with the stellar source S0-2, in 2003 these two sources are separated by 87 mas allowing the new source's properties to be determined directly. On four separate nights, its observed L' magnitude ranges from 12.2 to 13.8, which corresponds to a flux density of 0.7 - 3 mJy, observed, and 4 - 17 mJy, dereddened; no other source in this region shows such large variations in flux density - a factor of 4 over a week and a factor of 2 over 40 min. In addition, it has a K-L' color greater than 2.1, which is at least 1 mag redder than any other source detected at L' in its vicinity. Based on this source's coincidence with the Galaxy's dynamical center, its lack of motion, its variability, and its red color, we conclude that it is associated with the central supermassive black hole. The short timescale for the 3.8 micron flux density variations implies that the emission arises in the accretion flow on physical size scales smaller than 5 AU, or 80 R_s for a 4x10^6 Mo black hole. We suggest that the 3.8 micron emission and the X-ray flares arise from the same underlying physical process, possibly the acceleration of a small populations of electrons to ultrarelativistic energies. In contrast to the X-ray flares which are only detectable 2% of the time, the 3.8 micron emission provides a new, constantly accessible, window into the physical conditions of the plasma in close proximity to the central black hole.
description: published in Astrophysical Journal Letters
Spodoptera frugiperda: spreading, establishment, damaging potential and control measures for the EU (FAW-spedcom)
Creators: name: Baufeld, Peter
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Euphresco, plant health, biology, epidemiology, cold tolerance, modelling, management, Spodoptera frugiperda

description: Slide of the Euphresco project 2018-F-304 'Spodoptera frugiperda: spreading, establishment, damaging potential and control measures for the EU'
description: Project funded through the Euphresco network
Intra-industry trade in biofuels: how environmental legislation fuels resource use and GHG emissions
Creators: name: Meyer, Seth
name: Schmidhuber, Josef
name: Barreiro-HurléPublication, Jesús
name: Meyer, Seth
name: Schmidhuber, Josef
name: Barreiro-HurléPublication, Jesús
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2012
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
Environmental Economics and Policy
International Relations/Trade

description: We have seen significant volumes of intra-industry trade in ethanol between the United States of America and Brazil. A trend which started in 2010 and accelerated in the second half of 2011 with large quantities of ethanol crossing paths in trade between the two countries. While intra-industry trade of homogenous products is not new, it is typically explained by factors such as seasonality or cross-border exchanges caused by transportation cost differentials. None of the traditional market factors can explain the volumes of intra-industry trade in ethanol between the US and Brazil. Instead, it appears to be driven by differential environmental policy that aims to capture differences in production methods of the underlying feedstocks and processing methods based on credence attributes of biofuels. Environmental legislation is inducing the product differentiation that invites arbitrage between the two countries resulting in the two-way trade of an otherwise physically homogenous product; in so doing, additional fossil energy is consumed in the mutual exchange of ethanol along with associated GHG emissions and the policy costs to consumers are raised which may suppress demand further reducing the displacement of fossil fuels, both of which are in direct conflict with environmental objectives of many biofuel programmes. With tighter environmental constraints on biofuel production written into EU policy, the potential for competition for classes of renewable fuels increases and could extend its reach from bioethanol to include biodiesel and/or the underlying feedstocks in the EU, the US and Brazil. This would create additional opportunities for arbitrage among the regions as a result of disparate policy differentiation of biofuel products. We submit options to mitigate this through the use of a 'book and claim' system under which each country could pursue its own policy objectives while acting in a coordinated fashion to reduce costs and emissions.
description: FAO Document Repository: http://www.fao.org/3/a-ap869e.pdf
Analysis and Optimization of Tail-Biting Spatially Coupled Protograph LDPC Codes for BICM-ID Systems
Creators: name: Yang, Zhaojie
name: Fang, Yi
name: Zhang, Guohua
name: Lau, Francis C. M.
name: Mumtaz, Shahid
name: da Costa, Daniel B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: As a typical example of bandwidth-efficient techniques, bit-interleaved coded modulation with iterative decoding (BICM-ID) provides desirable spectral efficiencies in various wireless communication scenarios. In this paper, we carry out a comprehensive investigation on tail-biting (TB) spatially coupled protograph (SCP) low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes in BICM-ID systems. Specifically, we first develop a two-step design method to formulate a novel type of constellation mappers, referred to as labeling-bit-partial-match (LBPM) constellation mappers, for SC-P-based BICM-ID systems. The LBPM constellation mappers can be seamlessly combined with high-order modulations, such as M-ary phase-shift keying (PSK) and M-ary quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM). Furthermore, we conceive a new bit-level interleaving scheme, referred to as variable node matched mapping (VNMM) scheme, which can substantially exploit the structure feature of SC-P codes and the unequal protection-degree property of labeling bits to trigger the wave-like convergence for TB-SC-P codes. In addition, we propose a hierarchical extrinsic information transfer (EXIT) algorithm to predict the convergence performance (i.e., decoding thresholds) of the proposed SC-P-based BICM-ID systems. Theoretical analyses and simulation results illustrate that the LBPM-mapped SC-P-based BICM-ID systems are remarkably superior to the state-of-the-art mapped counterparts. Moreover, the proposed SC-P-based BICM-ID systems can achieve even better error performance with the aid of the VNMM scheme. As a consequence, the proposed LBPM constellation mappers and VNMM scheme make the SC-P-based BICM-ID systems a favorable choice for the future-generation wireless communication systems.
description: Accepted by IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology, Oct 2019