cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Theory of Current-Induced Angular Momentum Transfer Dynamics in Spin-Orbit Coupled Systems
Creators: name: Go, Dongwook
name: Freimuth, Frank
name: Hanke, Jan-Philipp
name: Xue, Fei
name: Gomonay, Olena
name: Lee, Kyung-Jin
name: Blügel, Stefan
name: Haney, Paul M.
name: Lee, Hyun-Woo
name: Mokrousov, Yuriy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Motivated by the importance of understanding competing mechanisms to current-induced spin-orbit torque in complex magnets, we develop a unified theory of current-induced spin-orbital coupled dynamics. The theory describes angular momentum transfer between different degrees of freedom in solids, e.g., the electron orbital and spin, the crystal lattice, and the magnetic order parameter. Based on the continuity equations for the spin and orbital angular momenta, we derive equations of motion that relate spin and orbital current fluxes and torques describing the transfer of angular momentum between different degrees of freedom. We then propose a classification scheme for the mechanisms of the current-induced torque in magnetic bilayers. Based on our first-principles implementation, we apply our formalism to two different magnetic bilayers, Fe/W(110) and Ni/W(110), which are chosen such that the orbital and spin Hall effects in W have opposite sign and the resulting spin- and orbital-mediated torques can compete with each other. We find that while the spin torque arising from the spin Hall effect of W is the dominant mechanism of the current-induced torque in Fe/W(110), the dominant mechanism in Ni/W(110) is the orbital torque originating in the orbital Hall effect of W. It leads to negative and positive effective spin Hall angles, respectively, which can be directly identified in experiments. This clearly demonstrates that our formalism is ideal for studying the angular momentum transfer dynamics in spin-orbit coupled systems as it goes beyond the "spin current picture" by naturally incorporating the spin and orbital degrees of freedom on an equal footing. Our calculations reveal that, in addition to the spin and orbital torque, other contributions such as the interfacial torque and self-induced anomalous torque within the ferromagnet are not negligible in both material systems.
description: 26 pages, 13 figures
An analytical approximation to measure the extinction cross-section using: Localized Waves
Creators: name: Rondon, Irving
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a general expression for the optical theorem in terms of Localized Waves. This representation is well-known and commonly used to generate Frozen waves, Xwaves, and other propagation invariant beams. We analyze several examples using different input beam sources on a circular detector to measure the extinction cross-section.
description: 10 pages, 2 Figures
Blockchain-based Smart-IoT Trust Zone Measurement Architecture
Creators: name: Ali, Jawad
name: Ali, Toqeer
name: Alsaawy, Yazed
name: Khalid, Ahmad Shahrafidz
name: Musa, Shahrulniza
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: With a rapid growth in the IT industry, Internet of Things (IoT) has gained a tremendous attention and become a central aspect of our environment. In IoT the things (devices) communicate and exchange the data without the act of human intervention. Such autonomy and proliferation of IoT ecosystem make the devices more vulnerable to attacks. In this paper, we propose a behavior monitor in IoT-Blockchain setup which can provide trust-confidence to outside networks. Behavior monitor extracts the activity of each device and analyzes the behavior using deep auto-encoders. In addition, we also incorporate Trusted Execution Technology (Intel SGX) in order to provide a secure execution environment for applications and data on blockchain. Finally, in evaluation we analyze three IoT devices data that is infected by mirai attack. The evaluation results demonstrate the ability of our proposed method in terms of accuracy and time required for detection.
description: 6 pages, 5 Figures, International Conference on Omni-Layer Intelligent Systems, COINS May 2019. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:2001.01841
INSON RESURSLARINI BOSHQARISHDA MA'LUMOTLAR YIG'ISH, TAHLIL QILISH VA TIZIMLASHTIRISHNI AVTOMATLASHTIRISH ISTIQBOLLARI
Creators: name: Raximova, Nigora
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: Ushbu maqolada inson resurslarini boshqarish (IRB) jarayonida ma’lumotlarni yig‘ish, tahlil qilish va tizimlashtirishni avtomatlashtirish masalalari ko‘rib chiqiladi. Raqamli texnologiyalar va sun’iy intellekt vositalari yordamida HR ma’lumotlarini avtomatlashtirish natijasida korxonalarning samaradorligi oshib, mehnat resurslarini optimal boshqarish imkoniyati paydo bo‘ladi.
Apsidal Clustering following the Inclination Instability
Creators: name: Zderic, Alexander
name: Collier, Angela
name: Tiongco, Maria
name: Madigan, Ann-Marie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Disks of low-mass bodies on high-eccentricity orbits in near-Keplerian potentials can be dynamically unstable to buckling out of the plane. In this letter, we present $N$-body simulations of the long-term behavior of such a system, finding apsidal clustering of the orbits in the disk plane. The timescale over which the clustering is maintained increases with number of particles, suggesting that lopsided configurations are stable at large $N$. This discovery may explain the observed apsidal ($\varpi$) clustering of extreme trans-Neptunian Objects in the outer solar system.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures, submitted to Astrophysical Journal Letters
Lifetime Limited and Tunable Quantum Light Emission in h-BN via Electric Field Modulation
Creators: name: Akbari, Hamidreza
name: Biswas, Souvik
name: Jha, Pankaj K.
name: Wong, Joeson
name: Vest, Benjamin
name: Atwater, Harry A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Color centered-based single photon emitters in hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) have shown promising photophysical properties as sources for quantum light emission. Despite significant advances towards such a goal, achieving lifetime-limited quantum light emission in h-BN has proven to be challenging, primarily due to various broadening mechanisms including spectral diffusion. Here, we propose and experimentally demonstrate suppression of spectral diffusion by applying an electrostatic field. We observe both Stark shift tuning of the resonant emission wavelength, and emission linewidth reduction nearly to the homogeneously broadened lifetime limit. Lastly, we find a cubic dependence of the linewidth with respect to temperature at the homogeneous broadening regime. Our results suggest that field tuning in electrostatically gated heterostructures is promising as an approach to control the emission characteristics of h-BN color centers, removing spectral diffusion and providing the energy tunability necessary for integrate of quantum light emission in nanophotonic architectures.
Emergence of a metallic meta-stable phase induced by electrical current in Ca_2RuO_4
Creators: name: Cirillo, C.
name: Granata, V.
name: Avallone, G.
name: Fittipaldi, R.
name: Attanasio, C.
name: Avella, A.
name: Vecchione, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A comprehensive study of the behavior of the Mott insulator Ca_2RuO_4 under electrical current drive is performed by combining two experimental probes: the macroscopic electrical transport and the microscopic X-Ray diffraction. The resistivity, rho, vs electric current density, J, and temperature, T , rho(J,T), resistivity map is drawn. In particular, the meta-stable state, induced between the insulating and the metallic thermodynamic states by current biasing Ca_2RuO_4 single crystals, is investigated. Such an analysis, combined with the study of the resulting RuO_6 octahedra energy levels, reveals that a metallic crystal phase emerges in the meta-stable regime. The peculiar properties of such a phase, coexisting with the well-established orthorhombic insulating and tetragonal metallic phases, allow to explain some of the unconventional and puzzling behaviors observed in the experiments, as a negative differential resistivity.
EU Policies and Global Food Security
Creators: name: Bureau, Jean-Christophe
name: Swinnen, Johan
name: Bureau, Jean-Christophe
name: Swinnen, Johan
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2017
Subjects: International Relations/Trade

description: This paper reviews evidence on the impact of EU policies on global food security, focusing on four EU policy areas: agricultural policy, bioenergy policy, trade policy, and development (food aid) policy. Old concerns related to the detrimental impact of EU farm subsidies, food aid and tariffs on poor countries’ food security. New concerns relate to impacts of EU food standards and bioenergy policies. The EU policies which created the largest distortions on global markets (in the area of trade, agriculture, food aid, and bioenergy) have been substantially reformed over the past decades. Recent global food price fluctuations have also re-emphasized that the impact of EU policies on the poor’s food security differ depending on whether these are consumers or producers, or whether countries are exporters or importers. Overall, our review explains that in many areas the impact of EU policies on global food security is less obvious and more complex than often argued.
Deflection compensation on a force sensing mobile machine tool
Creators: name: Denkena, Berend
name: Bergmann, Benjamin
name: Wnendt, Eike
name: Brühne, Tilmann
Publisher: name: Amsterdam [u.a.] : Elsevier
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Displacement compensation
subject: Mobile machine tool
subject: Mobile machining
subject: Sensory foot modules
subject: Strain gauges
subject: Konferenzschrift
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::620 | Ingenieurwissenschaften und Maschinenbau

description: Within this paper, a model based deflection compensation for a mobile machine tool prototype is presented. The model compensates the deflection of the tool center point (TCP) based on strain gauge measurements at the machines foot modules. The measured strains at each foot are used to calculate pose dependent gravitational forces as well as disturbance forces. These forces are then passed to the model. Hence, the model reconstructs the deflection of the TCP based on the measured forces at the foot modules.
Concept of a bonding technology for dies below 150 micrometers
Creators: name: Gottwald, Simon Nicolas
name: Reitz, Birger
name: Albrecht, Daniel
name: Overmeyer, Ludger
Publisher: name: Amsterdam [u.a.] : Elsevier
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Automation
subject: Bonding
subject: Contactless Transfer
subject: Laser
subject: Konferenzschrift
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::620 | Ingenieurwissenschaften und Maschinenbau

description: Due to rising demand for electrically contacted bare dies, bonding rates are to be increased. Technically, however, current bonding processes are almost at their limit. The use of continuous and consistent kinematics of the carrier substrate which allows no mechanical forces during die transfer is made possible by an optically induced, contactless transfer of the dies. The transfer can be triggered with an 8 ns laser impulse at a wavelength of 1064 nm, which detaches dies from a glass wafer and attaches them onto a carrier substrate.
Increasing productivity in heavy machining using a simulation based optimization method for porcupine milling cutters with a modified geometry
Creators: name: Denkena, B.
name: Krödel, A.
name: Pape, O.
Publisher: name: Amsterdam [u.a.] : Elsevier
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Milling
subject: Simulation
subject: Tool optimization
subject: Konferenzschrift
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::620 | Ingenieurwissenschaften und Maschinenbau

description: Porcupine milling cutters offer a high potential for increasing the metal removal rate in heavy machining of steel and titanium. Here, the available machine power and the maximum radial force represent important process limits. According to the current state of the art, mainly rectangular indexable inserts are used. Investigations show that the use of round inserts can significantly reduce the resulting radial force and cutting torque similar to serrated endmills. However, the design of such tools is a major challenge due to the complicated shape of cross-section of the undeformed chip. Therefore, this paper presents a new method for optimizing the position of individual indexable inserts by means of geometric material removal simulations. With the new method, the radial force can be reduced by 14%.
We need a strategy for a sustainable and nutrition-oriented food security in the EU
Creators: name: Achterbosch, Thom
name: Achterbosch, Thom
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2017
Subjects: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety

description: Food security has improved in the EU, but there are many challenges to the European food system: unbalanced patterns of food intake lead to undernutrition and overweight, a growing number of people relies on food banks and is deprived of a supply of nutritious products, and food production methods are overstepping the safe boundaries of the natural environment. Innovative stakeholder visions for European food and nutrition security (FNS) call for an EU food system that delivers on goals in the areas of health, equity, environment and economy, supported by responsible and open research and innovation.
Packet narrowing and quantum entanglement in photoionization and photodissociation
Creators: name: Fedorov, M. V.
name: Efremov, M. A.
name: Kazakov, A. E.
name: Chan, K. W.
name: Law, C. K.
name: Eberly, J. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The narrowing of electron and ion wave packets in the process of photoionization is investigated, with the electron-ion recoil fully taken into account. Packet localization of this type is directly related to entanglement in the joint quantum state of electron and ion, and to Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen localization. Experimental observation of such packet-narrowing effects is suggested via coincidence registration by two detectors, with a fixed position of one and varying position of the other. A similar effect, typically with an enhanced degree of entanglement, is shown to occur in the case of photodissociation of molecules.
Strong decays of the newly observed narrow $Ω_b$ structures
Creators: name: Liang, Wei
name: Lü, Qi-Fang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Motivated by the newly observed narrow structures $Ω_b(6316)^-$, $Ω_b(6330)^-$, $Ω_b(6340)^-$, and $Ω_b(6350)^-$ in the $Ξ_b^0 K^-$ mass spectrum, we investigate the strong decays of the low-lying $Ω_b$ states within the $^3P_0$ model systematically. According to their masses and decay widths, the observed $Ω_b(6316)^-$, $Ω_b(6330)^-$, $Ω_b(6340)^-$, and $Ω_b(6350)^-$ resonances can be reasonably assigned as the $λ-$mode $Ω_b(1P)$ states with $J^P=1/2^-, 3/2^-, 3/2^-$, and $5/2^-$. Meanwhile, the remaining $P-$wave state with $J^P=1/2^-$ should have a rather broad width, which can hardly be observed by experiments. For the $Ω_b(2S)$ and $Ω_b(1D)$ states, our predictions show that these states have relatively narrow total widths and mainly decay into the $Ξ_b \bar K$, $Ξ_b^\prime \bar K$ and $Ξ_b^{\prime*} \bar K$ final states. These abundant theoretical predictions may be valuable for searching more excited $Ω_b$ states in future experiments.
description: 7 pages,4 figures,and 4 tables. Simplify the formalism of the model. Minor modifications. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1910.06126 and arXiv:1908.00223
Tracing the path of struggling intermediate readers
Creators: name: Reeve, Kelly S.
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2014

description: This study investigated the potential factors that contribute to intermediate students' struggles with reading. Six participating students from a Grade five class were administered an IRA to determine their current reading levels as well as highlight area(s) of reading that each student struggled in. An interview protocol, formatted in three areas : attitude, home reading support and instructional environment, was conducted for the participants of the study. Three descriptive case studies were examined outlining a variety of possible contributing factors for their struggles in reading. The common potential factor for all three cases was the lack of strong literacy home support. A second likely factor amongst two of the participants was not enough time devoted to reading on a daily basis. The inability to read outside of school by the participants could be indicative of the type of instructional environment that they were exposed to in school. The implications of the study make aware the need for educators to look at the kind of reading environment established in their classrooms. It was also determined that there is a need for a more collaborative partnership between home and school in regards to intermediate students and their reading achievement.
A Reduced Moment Magnetic Ordering in a Kondo Lattice Compound: Ce8pd24ga
Creators: name: Adroja, D. T.
name: Kockelmann, W.
name: Hillier, A. D.
name: So, J. Y.
name: Knight, K. S.
name: Rainford, B. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The magnetic ground state of the antiferromagnet Kondo lattice compound Ce8Pd24Ga has been investigated using neutron powder diffraction, inelastic neutron scattering and zero-field muon spin relaxation measurements. The neutron diffraction analysis, below TN (3.6(0.2)K), reveals a commensurate type-C antiferromagnetic structure with the ordered state magnetic moment of \~0.36 mB/Ce-atom along the cubic <111> direction. The analysis of the inelastic neutron scattering (INS) data based on the crystal field (CF) model reveals a doublet ground state with a ground state moment of 1.29 mB/Ce-atom. The observed magnetic moment from neutron diffraction, which is small compared to the expected value from CF-analysis, is attributed to screening of the local Ce moment by the Kondo effect. This is supported by the observed Kondo-type resistivity and a small change in the entropy of Ce8Pd24Ga at TN. The zero-field muon spin relaxation rate exhibits a sharp increase below TN indicating ordering of Ce moments, in agreement with the neutron diffraction data. The present studies reveal that the physical properties of Ce8Pd24Ga are governed by the onsite Kondo compensation, the moment stabilizing intersite RKKY interaction and the crystal field effect.
description: 11 pages and 7Figs, Phys. Rev. B (accepted)
Strategic Alliance of Transformational Leadership and Motivation in Operational Excellence
Creators: name: Mohammed Hamoumi
name: Mariam Benhadou
name: Abdellah Haddout
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025
Subjects: Operational Excellence, Automotive Industry, Industrial Performance, Leadership, Motivation, National Culture.

description: Abstract

Operational excellence is a multidimensional concept that goes beyond implementing best practices. While many companies invest heavily in performance management tools, few pay sufficient attention to the role of leadership and employee motivation. This study aims to fill this gap and seeks to decipher the influence of two fundamental pillars of this concept: leadership and employee motivation. By combining a literature review and an analysis of large-scale empirical data from the Moroccan automotive sector, we seek to understand how these two elements interact to shape an organization's overall performance and to answer the following question: to what extent does the human factor contribute to operational excellence? Strong leadership, capable of inspiring and motivating teams, as well as a committed and motivated workforce, are essential assets for any organization seeking to stand out. This exploration aims to provide a nuanced understanding of the human factor's role in achieving operational excellence and offers insights for leaders and managers looking to build high-performing and sustainable organizations.
Many-body collision contributions to electron momentum damping rates in a plasma influenced by electron strong coupling
Creators: name: Jiang, Puchang
name: Guthrie, John
name: Roberts, Jacob L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Experimental studies of electron-ion collision rates in an ultracold neutral plasma (UNP) can be conducted through measuring the rate of electron plasma oscillation damping. For sufficiently cold and dense conditions where strong coupling influences are important, the measured damping rate was faster by 37\% than theoretical expectations [W. Chen, C. Witte, and J. Roberts, Phys. Rev. E \textbf{96}, 013203 (2017)]. We have conducted a series of numerical simulations to isolate the primary source of this difference. By analyzing the distribution of electron velocity changes due to collisions in a molecular dynamics simulation, examining the trajectory of electrons with high deflection angle in such simulations, and examining the oscillation damping rate while varying the ratio of two-body to three-body electron-ion collision rates, we have found that the difference is consistent with the effect due to many-body collisions leading to bound electrons. This has implications for other electron-ion collision related transport properties in addition to electron oscillation damping.
description: The following article has been submitted to Physics of Plasmas on Oct.01.2019
Improving MRO order processing by means of advanced technological diagnostics and data mining approaches
Creators: name: Seitz, Melissa
name: Lucht, Torben
name: Keller, Christian
name: Ludwig, Christian
name: Strobelt, Rainer
name: Nyhuis, Peter
Publisher: name: Amsterdam [u.a.] : Elsevier
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Complex Capital Goods
subject: Condition Assessment
subject: Data Mining
subject: MRO
subject: Order Processing
subject: Konferenzschrift
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::620 | Ingenieurwissenschaften und Maschinenbau

description: Production planning based on uncertain load information may lead to low schedule adherence or low capacity utilization. Thus, maintenance, repair and overhaul (MRO) service providers are striving to improve their business processes to achieve high logistics efficiency. To estimate repair expenditures and material demands as early as possible, different approaches may be pursued. In this paper, the advancement of technological diagnostics to enable condition assessment without prior disassembly and the use of data mining to generate reliable forecasts are discussed. Thereby, the potential for planning MRO order processing is focused using the example of aircraft engines and rail vehicle transformers.
A proposal for the implementation of quantum gates in an optomechanical system via phonon blockade
Creators: name: Meher, Nilakantha
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a scheme to implement quantum controlled NOT gate and quantum phase gate in an optomechanical system based on phonon blockade. For appropriate choices of system parameters, fidelities of both the quantum gate operations are very close to unity in the absence of dissipation. Using recently achieved experimental values in a mechanical resonator coupled to a microwave cavity, we show that the quantum gate can be realized experimentally with very high fidelity.
description: 13 pages, 5 figures
Diffusion-limited reactions in dynamic heterogeneous media
Creators: name: Lanoiselée, Yann
name: Moutal, Nicolas
name: Grebenkov, Denis S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Most biochemical reactions in living cells rely on diffusive search for target molecules or regions in a heterogeneous overcrowded cytoplasmic medium. Rapid re-arrangements of the medium constantly change the effective diffusivity felt locally by a diffusing particle and thus impact the distribution of the first-passage time to a reaction event. Here, we investigate the effect of these dynamic spatio-temporal heterogeneities onto diffusion-limited reactions. We describe a general mathematical framework to translate many results for ordinary homogeneous Brownian motion to heterogeneous diffusion. In particular, we derive the probability density of the first-passage time to a reaction event and show how the dynamic disorder broadens the distribution and increases the likelihood of both short and long trajectories to reactive targets. While the disorder slows down reaction kinetics on average, its dynamic character is beneficial for a faster search and realization of an individual reaction event triggered by a single molecule.
The Resummed Photon Spectrum in Radiative Upsilon Decays (And More)
Creators: name: Fleming, Sean
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this talk I present the results of two calculations that make use of Non-Relativistic QCD and the newly developed Soft-Collinear Effective Theory. The first process considered is inclusive radiative $Υ$ decay. The second process considered is the leading color-octet contribution to $e^+ e^- \to J/ψ+ X$.
description: Presented at the Conference on the Intersections of Particle and Nuclear Physics, May 19-24, 2003. Requires aipproc
Static-field ionization model of He-like ions for diagnostics of light field intensity
Creators: name: Lötstedt, Erik
name: Ciappina, Marcelo. F.
name: Yamanouchi, Kaoru
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study static-field ionization of He-like ions with nuclear charge number in the range of $2\le Z \le 36$. Both the tunneling and over-the-barrier regimes are considered. We calculate the ionization rates by three approximate methods: a fitting formula based on the Perelemov-Popov-Terent'ev (PPT) formula, a perturbative expansion in powers of $1/Z$, and a single-active electron approximation, and compare them with reference ionization rates computed by the multiconfiguration time-dependent Hartree-Fock (MCTDHF) approach. The relative deviation of the rates computed by the PPT-based fitting formula and the third-order perturbation theory from the rates computed by the MCTDHF approach is found to be around 10\%. We discuss quantitatively the contribution from the exchange interaction during the ionization by comparing the single-active electron rates and the reference rates in which multielectron effects are included. We find that a single-active electron approximation, where the exchange interaction is neglected, results in the overestimation of the ionization rates by 30\% for He and 2\% for He-like Kr, showing that the magnitude of the effect of the exchange interaction scales approximately as $1/Z$.
description: 33 pages, 6 figures
Discovering leptonic forces using non-conserved currents
Creators: name: Dror, Jeff A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Differences in lepton number (i.e., $ L _e - L _μ$, $ L _e - L _τ$, $ L_μ- L _τ$, or combinations thereof) are not conserved charges in the Standard Model due to the observation of neutrino oscillations. We compute the divergence of the corresponding currents in the case of Majorana or Dirac-type neutrinos and show that, in the high energy limit, the vector interactions map onto those of a light scalar coupled to neutrinos with its coupling fixed by the observed neutrino masses and mixing. This leads to amplitudes with external light vectors that scale inversely with the vector mass. By studying these processes, we set new constraints on $ L _i - L _j $ through a combination of semi-leptonic meson decays, invisible neutrino decays, neutrinoless double beta decays, and observations of Big Bang Nucleosynthesis/supernova, which can be much stronger than previous limits for vector masses below an eV. These bounds have important implications on the experimental prospects of detecting $ L _i - L _j $ long-range forces.
description: 12 pages, 4 figures; matches journal version
Construction of fuzzy S^4
Creators: name: Abe, Yasuhiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct a fuzzy $S^4$, utilizing the fact that ${\bf CP}^3$ is an $S^2$ bundle over $S^4$. We find that a fuzzy $S^4$ can be described by a block-diagonal form whose embedding square matrix represents a fuzzy ${\bf CP}^3$. We discuss some pending issues on fuzzy $S^4$, i.e., precise matrix-function correspondence, associativity of the algebra, and etc. Similarly, we also obtain a fuzzy $S^8$, using the fact that ${\bf CP}^7$ is a ${\bf CP}^3$ bundle over $S^8$.
description: 17 pages; v2. extensively rewritten; v3. published version
Investigation of the characteristics of the dual-band electromagnetic induction transparent-like terahertz spectrum in a grating-like structure
Creators: name: Zhao, Chaoying
name: Hu, Jiahao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, a new structure is proposed which is expected to realize dual-band electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT)-like effect in terahertz spectrum. It can be regarded as a metamaterial of grating-like elements composed of dual-band U-shaped resonators. The near-field coupling between bright modes can produce EIT-like effect. After optimizing the parameters, our numerical simulated results are in good agreement with the theoretical analysis. The EIT-like effect can significantly reduce the group speed near the transparent window, may gain more significant potential applications in slow-light transmission and optical storage.
description: 7page,7figures,46references
Testing of Formed Gear Wheels at Quasi-Static and Elevated Strain Rates
Creators: name: Clausmeyer, Till
name: Gutknecht, Florian
name: Gerstein, Gregory
name: Nürnberger, Florian
Publisher: name: Amsterdam [u.a.] : Elsevier
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Component test
subject: Damage
subject: Hardness
subject: Sheet-bulk metal forming
subject: Simulation
subject: Strain rate
subject: Konferenzschrift
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::620 | Ingenieurwissenschaften und Maschinenbau

description: Geared components can be manufactured from sheet metals by sheet-bulk metal forming. One relevant load case in service are overload events, which might induce elevated strain rates. To determine the characteristic hardening and fracture behavior, specimens manufactured from the deep-drawing steel DC04 were tested with strain rates ranging from 0.0001 to 5 s−1. The gear wheels manufactured by sheet-bulk metal forming are tested at crosshead velocities of 0.08 mm/s and 175 mm/s. The tests are analyzed by measuring deformed geometry and hardness. While the tensile tests results show obvious strain-rate dependency, the hardness measurements show no strain-rate depended effect. The analyses are complemented by finite-element-simulations, which assess the homogeneity of deformation and point out the mechanisms of failure. Both coupled and uncoupled ductile damage models are able to predict the critical areas for crack initiation. The coupled damage model has slight advantages regarding deformed shape prediction.
A Comparison of Urinary Iodine Concentration Between Individuals Without and With Hashimoto's Thyroiditis
Creators: name: Oblak, Adrijana
name: Gaberšček, Simona
name: Maša Hribar
name: Gregorič, Matej
name: Urška Blaznik
name: Kušar, Anita
name: Žmitek, Katja
name: Pravst, Igor
name: Zaletel, Katja
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Urinary Iodine Concentration, Hashimoto's Thyroiditis, Epidemiology, Slovenia

description: Abstract submitted to 34th Annual Congress of the European Association of Nuclear Medicine (October 20-23, 2021)
description: Funding: The Nutrihealth study was part of the research project L3-8213 "Children's and adults' nutrition as a protective or health-risk factor", funded by the Slovenian Research Agency and Ministry of Health of Republic of Slovenia. This work was also supported within the research program P3-0395 (Nutrition and Public health) and project L7-1849 (Challenges in achieving adequate vitamin D status in the adult population). We acknowledge support of Irena Rogelj, head of research project L3-8213.
Numerical simulations of stochastic inflation using importance sampling
Creators: name: Jackson, Joseph H. P.
name: Assadullahi, Hooshyar
name: Koyama, Kazuya
name: Vennin, Vincent
name: Wands, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show how importance sampling can be used to reconstruct the statistics of rare cosmological fluctuations in stochastic inflation. We have developed a publicly available package, PyFPT, that solves the first-passage time problem of generic one-dimensional Langevin processes. In the stochastic-$δN$ formalism, these are related to the curvature perturbation at the end of inflation. We apply this method to quadratic inflation, where the existence of semi-analytical results allows us to benchmark our approach. We find excellent agreement within the estimated statistical error, both in the drift- and diffusion-dominated regimes. The computation takes at most a few hours on a single CPU, and can reach probability values corresponding to less than one Hubble patch per observable universe at the end of inflation. With direct sampling, this would take more than the age of the universe to simulate even with the best current supercomputers. As an application, we study how the presence of large-field boundaries might affect the tail of the probability distribution. We also find that non-perturbative deviations from Gaussianity are not always of the simple exponential type.
description: 21+13 pages, 11 figures. Github: https://github.com/Jacks0nJ/PyFPT. Version accepted for publication in JCAP
Multivariate statistical evaluation of dissolved trace elements and water quality assessment in the Karaca dam, Turkey
Creators: name: Kutlu, Banu
name: Mutlu, Ekrem
Publisher: name: EQA - International Journal of Environmental Quality
Year: 2021

description: This study was performed from January 2017 to December 2017 with taking samples every month from four stations to determine the water quality of Karaca Dam, located in Sinop. The guidelines of the World Health Organization for water quality index (WQI) and Turkey’s Ministry of Forestry and Water Affairs specifications for Surface Water Quality Regulations (SWQR) were used in the determination of water quality and 28 variables were analyzed. The quality of the irrigation water was also calculated. This objective, the sodium adsorption ratio (SAR), sodium percentage, permeability index (PI), and magnesium index were calculated. The average WQI value of the lake was found to be 19.23. It was observed that the water quality parameters did not exceed the restrictions in any stations during the period. According to the results of the research, Karaca Dam is in a good class in terms of drinking water quality and irrigation water. The health risk evaluation, using the hazard ratio and index (HI), was carried out as suggested by USEPA, and it was found that the water of Karaca Dam is not harmful to human health in terms of Pb, Cd, and Hg.
description: EQA - International Journal of Environmental Quality, Vol. 44 (2021)
Observation Protocol to Assess Teaching Tasks in Math Lessons at Primary School
Creators: name: Martinez, Lesly Yahaira Rodriguez
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Education
subject: 160506 Education Policy
subject: FOS: Political science

description: The following Observation Protocol to Assess Teaching Tasks in Math Lessons at Primary School include detailed criteria to measure the following elements of a math exercise: clarity of the mathematical task, cognitive demand, resources used during teaching activity, alternative solutions, reflective questions and collaborative work.
A dozen new dwarf galaxy candidates in the Local Volume
Creators: name: Karachentsev, I. D.
name: Riepe, P.
name: Zilch, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We carried out a survey of low-surface-brightness companions around nine luminous Local Volume galaxies using long exposures with small amateur telescopes. We found 12 low- and very low-surface-brightness objects around the galaxies: NGC 628, NGC 2337, NGC 3368, NGC 3521, NGC 4236, NGC 4258, NGC 4594, NGC 5055, and NGC 6744 situated within 12 Mpc from us. Assuming the dwarf candidates are satellites of the neighbouring massive galaxies, their absolute B magnitudes are in the range of [-8.9, -13.0], linear diameters are [0.6 - 2.7] kpc, and the mean surface brightnesses are [25.1 - 27.5] mag/sq.arecsec. The mean linear projected separation of satellite candidates from the host galaxies is 83 kpc.
description: 11 pages, 9 figures, 1 table
Joint Ranking SVM and Binary Relevance with Robust Low-Rank Learning for Multi-Label Classification
Creators: name: Wu, Guoqiang
name: Zheng, Ruobing
name: Tian, Yingjie
name: Liu, Dalian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Multi-label classification studies the task where each example belongs to multiple labels simultaneously. As a representative method, Ranking Support Vector Machine (Rank-SVM) aims to minimize the Ranking Loss and can also mitigate the negative influence of the class-imbalance issue. However, due to its stacking-style way for thresholding, it may suffer error accumulation and thus reduces the final classification performance. Binary Relevance (BR) is another typical method, which aims to minimize the Hamming Loss and only needs one-step learning. Nevertheless, it might have the class-imbalance issue and does not take into account label correlations. To address the above issues, we propose a novel multi-label classification model, which joints Ranking support vector machine and Binary Relevance with robust Low-rank learning (RBRL). RBRL inherits the ranking loss minimization advantages of Rank-SVM, and thus overcomes the disadvantages of BR suffering the class-imbalance issue and ignoring the label correlations. Meanwhile, it utilizes the hamming loss minimization and one-step learning advantages of BR, and thus tackles the disadvantages of Rank-SVM including another thresholding learning step. Besides, a low-rank constraint is utilized to further exploit high-order label correlations under the assumption of low dimensional label space. Furthermore, to achieve nonlinear multi-label classifiers, we derive the kernelization RBRL. Two accelerated proximal gradient methods (APG) are used to solve the optimization problems efficiently. Extensive comparative experiments with several state-of-the-art methods illustrate a highly competitive or superior performance of our method RBRL.
description: 57 pages, 5 figures, to be published in the journal of Neural Networks
Coulomb-gas formulation of SU(2) branes and chiral blocks
Creators: name: Hemming, Samuli
name: Kawai, Shinsuke
name: Keski-Vakkuri, Esko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct boundary states in $SU(2)_k$ WZNW models using the bosonized Wakimoto free-field representation and study their properties. We introduce a Fock space representation of Ishibashi states which are coherent states of bosons with zero-mode momenta (boundary Coulomb-gas charges) summed over certain lattices according to Fock space resolution of $SU(2)_k$. The Virasoro invariance of the coherent states leads to families of boundary states including the B-type D-branes found by Maldacena, Moore and Seiberg, as well as the A-type corresponding to trivial current gluing conditions. We then use the Coulomb-gas technique to compute exact correlation functions of WZNW primary fields on the disk topology with A- and B-type Cardy states on the boundary. We check that the obtained chiral blocks for A-branes are solutions of the Knizhnik-Zamolodchikov equations.
description: 14 pages, 3 figures, revtex4. Essentially the published version
Unsupervised feature recognition in single molecule break junction data
Creators: name: Magyarkuti, A.
name: Balogh, N.
name: Balogh, Z.
name: Venkataraman, L.
name: Halbritter, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Single-molecule break junction measurements deliver a huge number of conductance vs.\ electrode separation traces. Along such measurements the target molecules may bind to the electrodes in different geometries, and the evolution and rupture of the single-molecule junction may also follow distinct trajectories. The unraveling of the various typical trace classes is a prerequisite of the proper physical interpretation of the data. Here we exploit the efficient feature recognition properties of neural networks to automatically find the relevant trace classes. To eliminate the need for manually labeled training data we apply a combined method, which automatically selects training traces according to the extreme values of principal component projections or some auxiliary measured quantities, and then the network captures the features of these characteristic traces, and generalizes its inference to the entire dataset. The use of a simple neural network structure also enables a direct insight to the decision making mechanism. We demonstrate that this combined machine learning method is efficient in the unsupervised recognition of unobvious, but highly relevant trace classes within low and room temperature gold-4,4' bipyridine-gold single molecule break junction data.
X-ray afterglows of gamma-ray bursts in the synchrotron self-Compton dominated regime
Creators: name: Li, Zhuo
name: Song, L. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider in this paper the effect of synchrotron self-Compton process on X-ray afterglows of gamma-ray bursts. We find that for a wide range of parameter values, especially for the standard values which imply the energy in the electrons behind the afterglow shock is tens times as that in the magnetic field, the electron cooling is dominated by Compton cooling rather than synchrotron one. This leads to a different evolution of cooling frequency in the synchrotron emission component, and hence a different (flatter) light curve slope in the X-ray range. This effect should be taken into account when estimating the afterglow parameters by X-ray observational data. For somewhat higher ambient density, the synchrotron self-Compton emission may be directly detected in X-ray range, showing varying spectral slopes and a quite steep light curve slope.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures, accepted to MNRAS
Energetics of Black Hole-Accretion Disk System with Magnetic Connection: Limit of Low Accretion Rate
Creators: name: Li, Li-Xin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the energetics of a black hole-accretion disk system with magnetic connection: a Keplerian disk is connected to a Kerr black hole by a large-scale magnetic field going through the transition region. We assume that the magnetic field is locked to the inner boundary of the disk and corotates with the inner boundary, the accretion rate is low but the accretion from the disk can still provide enough amount of cold plasma particles in the transition region so that the magnetohydrodynamics approximation is valid. Then, the magnetic field is dynamically important in the transition region and affects the transportation of energy and angular momentum. Close to the equatorial plane, the motion of particles is governed by a one-dimensional radial momentum equation, which contains a fast critical point as the only intrinsic singularity. By finding solutions that smoothly pass the fast critical point, we find that a system with a fast rotating black hole and that with a slow rotating black hole behave very differently. For a black hole with $a > a_{\rm cr}\equiv 0.3594 M$, where $M$ is the mass, $a$ the specific angular momentum of the black hole, the spinning energy of the black hole is efficiently extracted by the magnetic field and transported to the disk, increasing the radiation efficiency of the disk by many orders of magnitude. For a black hole with $0\leq a < a_{\rm cr}$, the inner region of the disk is disrupted by the magnetic field and the inner boundary of the disk moves out to a radius where the Keplerian angular velocity of the disk is equal to the spinning angular velocity of the black hole (which is at infinity if the black hole is nonrotating). As a result, the disk may have an extremely low radiation efficiency if $0\leq a/M \ll 1$.
description: 28 pages, including 11 figures; accepted for publication in PASJ; version with full resolution Figs at http://cfa-www.harvard.edu/~lli/astro-ph/mag_disk2.ps
Diversity and Inclusion: Creating an equitable future
Creators: name: Myrbo, Amy
name: Yacobucci, Margaret
name: Lundgren, Lisa
name: Kirakosian, Katie
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Geology
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences

description: The following two page priority document was first drafted at the EarthRates November 2017 Community Priorities and Planning Workshop in Minneapolis, Minnesota.