Papiri Rheims, 2025, gen. nov.
Creators: name: Rheims, Cristina A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Araneae
Sparassidae
Papiri

description: Papiri gen. nov.
Type species. Papiri caete sp. nov.
Etymology. The generic name is a noun in apposition taken from the Tupi-Guarani language meaning shelter or refuge and refers to the male palp sclerotized conductor that covers the tip of the embolus; gender masculine.
Diagnosis. Species of Papiri gen. nov. resemble those of Extraordinarius, Pleorotus, Rhacocnemis, Stipax, Thelcticopis and Thomasettia by the male palps with a sclerotized conductor. They are distinguished from Pleorotus, Stipax and Thomasettia by the eyes arranged in two relatively straight rows or with posterior row slightly procurved (e.g. Figs 19, 32, 49, 65) (two recurved rows in the latter genera), from Rhacocnemis and Thelcticopis by the presence of only two retromarginal teeth in the chelicerae (Fig. 1) (more than four in the latter two genera), and from Extraordinarius by the male palps with a T-shaped, hood-like conductor with one end of the hood modified and curved (Hc) the other simple and rounded (e.g. Figs 27, 42, 57) (Z-shaped in Extraordinarius). Females are distinguished from those of the latter genera by the vulva with IDS divided into a proximal hyaline part (Dh) connecting to a distal sclerotized (Ds) part (e.g. Figs 25, 40, 55, 71).
Description. Coloration pattern: prosoma brown, slightly darker along thoracic striae and lateral margins of cephalic region; fovea darker brown; eye borders black. Legs brownish orange. Palps lighter than legs. Labium brown, distally cream colored. Endites pale brown, distally yellowish cream colored. Sternum yellowish cream colored with brownish margins. Opisthosoma grayish cream colored; dorsally with dark brown pattern of irregular marks scattered laterally and around cardiac mark and seven chevron-like marks down posterior half; ventrally with wide, dark brown U-shaped mark with dark brown longitudinal mark in the middle and few scattered brown marks laterally (except P. cabruca sp. nov., without U-shaped mark) (Figs 17–18, 32–33, 47–48, 63–64). Spinnerets yellowish brown, distally pale yellow. Coloration pattern in females as in males (Figs 19–20, 34–35, 49–50, 65–66). Total length of males 7.1–13.2, of females 10.4–17.0. Dorsal shield of prosoma longer than wide. Cephalic region slightly higher than thoracic region, flattening posteriorly. Fovea conspicuous on posterior third of prosoma. Eyes arranged in two straight rows;AME larger than ALE, more separated from each other than from laterals; PME smaller than PLE, mostly equidistant (e.g. Figs 17, 34, 47, 65). Clypeus low, less than ALE diameter. Chelicerae longer than wide with three promarginal teeth, the basal one smallest, and two small retromarginal teeth. Intermarginal teeth absent. Internal margin with one escort setae (Fig. 1). Labium rebordered, as wide as long. Endites slightly convergent, longer than wide, with dense scopula on internal margin. Serrula with single row of denticles (Fig. 2). Sternum longer than wide, slightly projected between coxae IV. Female palp with single pectinate claw with six short teeth (Fig. 6); sensory setae long, distally curved, with barbules along the entire setae and with distal region bearing a large, rounded pore and a single filiform extension, scattered dorsally along tarsus. Legs laterigrade, mostly 4123 but can be 1423 or 4213. Spination pattern in males: femora I–III: p1-1-1, d0-1-1, r1-1-1; femur IV: p1-1-1, d0-11, r0-1-1; patellae I–IV: p0, r0; tibiae I–II: p1-0-1, d0-0-1; r1-0-1, v3–6 pairs; tibiae III–IV: p1-0-1; d0-0-1; r1-0-1; v2-2-2; metatarsi I–II: p1-1-1; r1-1-0; v2-0-0; metatarsus III: p1-1-1; r1-1-0; v2-2-0; metatarsus IV: p1-1-1; r1-1-1; v2-2-0. Palp: femur: p0-0-1; d0-1-2; r0; patella: p1, r1; tibia: p2-1-0; d1-0-0; r0; in females: Femora I–III: p1-1-1, d0-1-1, r1-1-1; femur IV: p1-1-1, d0-11, r0-1-1; patellae I–IV: p0, r0; tibiae I–II: v4–6 pairs; tibia III: v2-2-2; tibia IV: p1-0-1; r1-0-1; v2-2-2; metatarsi I–III: v2-0-0; metatarsus IV: p1-1-1; r1-1-1; v2-2-0. Palp: femur: p0-0-1; d0-1-2; r0-0-1; tibia: p2-1-0; r1-1-0; tarsus: p2-1-0; r1-1-0. Trochanter smooth. Metatarsi I–IV distally with dorsal trilobate membrane with median hook much smaller than lateral projections (Fig. 3). Tarsi and anterior half of metatarsi scopulate. Trichobothria present on dorsal tibiae, metatarsi and tarsi, arranged in several rows on tarsi, converging to a single row on metatarsi. Dorsal plate with 6–7 transversal rows, projecting over a smooth proximal plate. Trichobothrial seta base thickened in a basal bulb (Fig. 4). Tarsal organ capsulate, with tear-drop-shaped opening, located dorsally, at distal end of tarsi (Fig. 5). Tarsi with pair of pectinate claws with 9–12 small teeth with claw tufts. The distal teeth inserted entally and the proximal ones inserted ectally (Figs 7–10). Opisthosoma oval, longer than wide. Male epiandrium with small groups of epiandrous spigots (Fig. 11). Colulus triangular with sparse setae (Fig. 12). Six spinnerets: anterior lateral spinnerets contiguous, conical and bi-segmented. Basal segment elongated and cylindrical, distal segment short and truncated. Posterior median spinnerets conical and short. Posterior lateral spinnerets conical and bi-segmented. Basal segment elongated and cylindrical, distal segment short and truncated. Male palp: tibia short, less than half cymbium length with three long prolateral spines (two in P. tacomare sp. nov.) and one dorsal spine; VTA triangular (inconspicuous in P. cabruca sp. nov.); RTA inserted distally, single (Figs 28, 43), with two (Fig. 74) or three (Fig. 58) branches; cymbium oval, with large RbP and small rounded scopulae dorsally on distal third; alveolus oval; ST cup-shaped; spermophore ring-like, narrowing at the base of the embolus; TBE hyaline, keel-like, distally extending towards retrolateral margin of cymbium; TBC laminar, partially sclerotized (Figs 27, 42) or reduced to a sclerotized area (Fig. 73) or elevation (Fig. 57); C sclerotized, hood-shaped, with basal end curved, arising from the center of the tegulum; E arising from tegulum between 7–9 o’clock positions, filiform (Figs 27, 73), with subdistal projection (Fig. 42) or modified tip (Fig. 59); MA arising from the center of the tegulum, cup-shaped (Figs 27, 57, 73) or knob-shaped (Fig. 42). Female epigyne: EF as wide as long or longer than wide with anterior lateral MAB conspicuous or imbedded; LL smooth (Figs 44, 75) or with posterior, lateral projections (Figs 29, 60), partially covering MS (Figs 60, 75) or partially covered by MS (Figs 29, 44); anterior grove straight or slightly recurved (Figs 60, 75) or projecting over MS, forming a scape-like structure (Figs 29, 44). Vulva: IDS divided into a proximal, expanded hyaline part (Dh), closer to CO, connecting to a distal sclerotized part (Ds) closer to FD; FD short and hook shaped (Figs 30, 45, 61, 76).
Composition. Papiri cabruca sp. nov., P. cacau sp. nov., P. caete sp. nov., and P. tacomare sp. nov.
Distribution. Known from the Atlantic Forest, from the state of Paraíba to the state of Santa Catarina, and from northeastern Pará, all in Brazil (Figs 78–81).
Identification key for all species of Papiri gen. nov.
1 Males .............................................................................................. 2
- Females............................................................................................ 5
2(1) RTA single, with no branches (Figs 23, 28, 38, 43)........................................................... 3
- RTA with two or three branches (Figs 53, 58, 69, 74)......................................................... 4
3(2) MA small, knob-like (Figs 15–16, 37, 42); embolus with subdistal filiform projection (Fig. 42).......... P. cacau sp. nov.
- MA large, cup-shaped, with strongly indented margin; embolus filiform, without projections (Figs 22, 27).................................................................................................... P. cabruca sp. nov.
4(2) RTA with three branches (Figs 53, 58); embolus tip complex, with many projections (Figs 13–14, 59)...... P. caete sp. nov.
- RTA with two branches (Figs 69, 74); embolus filiform without projections (Figs 68, 73)............. P. tacomare sp. nov.
5(1) LL partially covering MS; anterior groove straight or slightly recurved (Figs 54, 60, 70, 75).......................... 6
- MS partially covering LL; anterior groove projecting posteriorly over MS (Figs 24, 29, 39, 44)....................... 7
6(5) MS slightly longer than wide; posterior margin at level with posterior margin of LL (Figs 54, 60).......... P. caete sp. nov.
- MS slightly wider than long; posterior margin reaching slightly over half LL length (Figs 70, 75)...... P. tacomare sp. nov.
7(5) LL smooth, without posterior projections; MS with posterior margin surpassing the posterior margin of LL (Figs 39, 44).......................................................................................... P. cacau sp. nov.
- LL with posterior lateral projections; MS with posterior margin not reaching the posterior margins of LL (Figs 24, 29).......................................................................................... P. cabruca sp. nov.
description: Published as part of Rheims, Cristina A., 2025, Papiri gen. nov., a new genus of huntsman spiders (Araneae: Sparassidae: Sparianthinae) from Brazil, pp. 526-548 in Zootaxa 5583 (3) on pages 527-532, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5583.3.6, http://zenodo.org/record/14804629