cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Newly Identified Star Clusters in M33. II. Radial HST/ACS Fields
Creators: name: Roman, Izaskun San
name: Sarajedini, Ata
name: Garnett, Donald R.
name: Holtzman, Jon A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present integrated photometry and color-magnitude diagrams for 161 star clusters in M33, of which 115 were previously uncataloged, using the Advanced Camera For Surveys Wide Field Channel onboard the Hubble Space Telescope. The integrated V-band magnitudes of these clusters range from Mv~-9 to as faint as Mv~-4, extending the depth of the existing M33 cluster catalogs by ~1 mag. Comparisons of theoretical isochrones to the color-magnitude diagrams using the Padova models yield ages for 148 of these star clusters. The ages range from Log (t)~7.0 to Log (t)~9.0. Our color-magnitude diagrams are not sensitive to clusters older than ~1 Gyr. We find that the variation of the clusters' integrated colors and absolute magnitudes with age is consistent with the predictions of simple stellar population models. These same models suggest that the masses of the clusters in our sample range from 5x10^3 to 5x10^4 *Msun.
description: 28 pages, 12 figures, accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journal
Investigation of optical mixing
Creators: name: Albach, Gary George
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: The effect of mixing two intense ruby laser beams in a plasma and in a gas has been investigated by means of light scattering. In both media, large density modulations are shown to exist in the field of the two mixed beams. With plasma, light scattered coherently from a third beam has been observed with intensities of over 100 times that scattered by incoherent thermal fluctuations. Similar enhanced scattering is observed in gases over the normal Rayleigh value. As indicated by the wavevector distribution, the mixed electromagnetic waves produce a stationary density wave in the medium. For gases the dependence of density amplitude on power in the mixed beams and on the gas pressure has been investigated and the results compared to a simple theoretical model. The results indicate that the magnitude of the density modulations saturates with both increasing gas pressure and increasing laser power. A threshold for observation of the density modulations with increasing laser power is also noted in carbon dioxide.
Genericity of nondegenerate geodesics with general boundary conditions
Creators: name: Bettiol, Renato G.
name: Giambò, Roberto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 57R45, 57R70, 57N75, 58E10

description: Let M be a possibly noncompact manifold. We prove, generically in the C^k-topology (k=2,...,\infty), that semi-Riemannian metrics of a given index on M do not possess any degenerate geodesics satisfying suitable boundary conditions. This extends a result of Biliotti, Javaloyes and Piccione for geodesics with fixed endpoints to the case where endpoints lie on a compact submanifold P of the product MxM that satisfies an admissibility condition. Such condition holds, for example, when P is transversal to the diagonal of MxM. Further aspects of these boundary conditions are discussed and general conditions under which metrics without degenerate geodesics are C^k-generic are given.
description: LaTeX2e, 21 pages, no figures
title: The politics of protection:the Arabian Gulf Rulers and the Pax Britannica in the Nineteenth Century/ James Onley
Creators: name: James Onley
Publisher: name: National Library and Archives
Year: 2009
Subjects: General Treaty (1820)
Great Britain - Foreign relations - Arabian Gulf Region - 19th century
Arabian Gulf Region - Foreign relations - Great Britain - 19th century

The history of Anglo-Arab relations in the Arabian Gulf has been overshadowed by the general assumption that the Maritime Truces (1835-1971) and the resulting Pax Britannica were imposed by Britain.This assumption has led to the development of two opposing interpretations of the Pax.This article attempts to resolve the argument between the two opposing points of view.
Living Literature Reviews
Creators: name: Wijkstra, Michel
name: Lek, Timo
name: Kuhn, Tobias
name: Welbers, Kasper
name: Steijaert, Mickey
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Digital Libraries (cs.DL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Literature reviews have long played a fundamental role in synthesizing the current state of a research field. However, in recent years, certain fields have evolved at such a rapid rate that literature reviews quickly lose their relevance as new work is published that renders them outdated. We should therefore rethink how to structure and publish such literature reviews with their highly valuable synthesized content. Here, we aim to determine if existing Linked Data technologies can be harnessed to prolong the relevance of literature reviews and whether researchers are comfortable with working with such a solution. We present here our approach of ``living literature reviews'' where the core information is represented as Linked Data which can be amended with new findings after the publication of the literature review. We present a prototype implementation, which we use for a case study where we expose potential users to a concrete literature review modeled with our approach. We observe that our model is technically feasible and is received well by researchers, with our ``living'' versions scoring higher than their traditional counterparts in our user study. In conclusion, we find that there are strong benefits to using a Linked Data solution to extend the effective lifetime of a literature review.
User-friendly Composition of FAIR Workflows in a Notebook Environment
Creators: name: Richardson, Robin A
name: Celebi, Remzi
name: van der Burg, Sven
name: Smits, Djura
name: Ridder, Lars
name: Dumontier, Michel
name: Kuhn, Tobias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: There has been a large focus in recent years on making assets in scientific research findable, accessible, interoperable and reusable, collectively known as the FAIR principles. A particular area of focus lies in applying these principles to scientific computational workflows. Jupyter notebooks are a very popular medium by which to program and communicate computational scientific analyses. However, they present unique challenges when it comes to reuse of only particular steps of an analysis without disrupting the usual flow and benefits of the notebook approach, making it difficult to fully comply with the FAIR principles. Here we present an approach and toolset for adding the power of semantic technologies to Python-encoded scientific workflows in a simple, automated and minimally intrusive manner. The semantic descriptions are published as a series of nanopublications that can be searched and used in other notebooks by means of a Jupyter Lab plugin. We describe the implementation of the proposed approach and toolset, and provide the results of a user study with 15 participants, designed around image processing workflows, to evaluate the usability of the system and its perceived effect on FAIRness. Our results show that our approach is feasible and perceived as user-friendly. Our system received an overall score of 78.75 on the System Usability Scale, which is above the average score reported in the literature.
Inverse momentum expectation values for hydrogenic systems
Creators: name: Delbourgo, Robert
name: Elliott, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: By using the Fourier transforms of the general hydrogenic bound state wave functions (as ultraspherical polynomials) one may find expectation values of arbitrary functions of momentum p. In this manner the effect of a reciprocity perturbation 1/p can be evaluated for all hydrogenic states.
description: 14 pages, no figures, LaTeX file
Systems Development of a Two-Axis Stabilised Platform to Facilitate Astronomical Observations from a Moving Base
Creators: name: Hepworth, James H
name: Mouton, Hendrik D
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This project aimed to design, simulate, and implement a two-axis inertially stabilised platform (ISP) for use in astronomical applications. It aimed to approximate the stabilisation of a Meade ETX-90 3.5" compound telescope at low-cost using a mechanical assembly designed to geometrically and inertially model the telescope. A set of system specifications was developed to guide design decisions and to provide an analysis framework against which the performance of the implemented system was compared. The electro-mechanical structure of the ISP was designed and manufactured, the associated electrical systems were specified and configured, an image processing script capable of detecting and locating the centre of the Moon in a camera field-of-view was written, a complete simulation model for the system was developed and used to design various classical controllers for the ISP control system. These controllers were implemented on a STM32F051 microcontroller and a user interface was written in LabVIEW to facilitate intuitive user control of the system and perform datalogging of the system runtime data.
description: 2019 Southern African Universities Power Engineering Conference/Robotics and Mechatronics/Pattern Recognition Association of South Africa (SAUPEC/RobMech/PRASA)
Distance-redshift from an optical metric that includes absorption
Creators: name: Chen, Bin
name: Kantowski, Ronald
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that it is possible to equate the intensity reduction of a light wave caused by weak absorption with a geometrical reduction in intensity caused by a "transverse" conformal transformation of the spacetime metric in which the wave travels. We are consequently able to modify Gordon's optical metric to account for electromagnetic properties of ponderable material whose properties include both refraction and absorption. Unlike refraction alone however, including absorption requires a modification of the optical metric that depends on the eikonal of the wave itself. We derive the distance-redshift relation from the modified optical metric for Friedman-Lemaître-Robertson-Walker spacetimes whose cosmic fluid has associated refraction and absorption coefficients. We then fit the current supernovae data and provide an alternate explanation (other than dark energy) of the apparent acceleration of the universe.
description: 2 figures
The role of chaotic and ordered trajectories in establishing Born's rule
Creators: name: Tzemos, Athanasios C.
name: Contopoulos, George
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study in detail the trajectories, ordered and chaotic, of two entangled Bohmian qubits when their initial preparation satisfies (or not) Born's rule for various amounts of quantum entanglement. For any non zero value of entanglement ordered and chaotic trajectories coexist and the proportion of ordered trajectories increases with the decrease of the entanglement. In the extreme cases of zero and maximum entanglement we have only ordered and chaotic trajectories correspondingly. The chaotic trajectories of this model are ergodic, for any given value of entanglement, namely the limiting distribution of their points does not depend on their initial conditions. Consequently it is the ratio between ordered and chaotic trajectories which is responsible for the dynamical establishment (or not) of Born's rule.
description: 28 pages, 17 figures
Electronic correlation strength of inorganic electrides from first principles
Creators: name: Kanno, Shu
name: Tada, Tomofumi
name: Utsumi, Takeru
name: Nakamura, Kazuma
name: Hosono, Hideo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a systematic study clarifying an electronic correlation trend of electrides from first principles. By using the maximally localized Wannier function and the constrained random phase approximation, we calculated the electronic correlation strength $(U-U_{nn})/|t|$ of 19 inorganic electrides, where $U$, $U_{nn}$, and $t$ are the effective onsite Coulomb repulsion, nearest-neighbor Coulomb repulsion, and the nearest-neighbor transfer integrals, respectively. The electronic correlation was found to be highly correlated with the dimensionality of the Wannier-function network of anionic electrons in electrides; the correlation strength varies in the order 0D $>>$ 1D $>$ 2D $\sim$ 3D, showing good correspondence with experimental trends, and exceeds 10 (a measure for the emergence of exotic properties) in all the 0D systems and some of the 1D materials. We also found that the electronic correlation depends on the cation species surrounding the anionic electrons; in the 1D electrides, the electronic correlation becomes stronger for cationic walls consisting of $\mathrm{Ca^{2+}}$, $\mathrm{Sr^{2+}}$, and $\mathrm{Ba^{2+}}$ in this order, and the correlation strength exceeds 10 for $\mathrm{Ba_5As_3}$. The theoretical results indicate that 0- and 1-dimensional electrides will be new research targets for studies on strongly correlated electron systems.
description: 26 pages
Skyrmions in the Moore-Read state at nu=5/2
Creators: name: Wojs, Arkadiusz
name: Moller, Gunnar
name: Simon, Steven H.
name: Cooper, Nigel R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study charged excitations of the non-abelian Moore-Read liquid at filling factor nu=5/2, allowing for spin depolarization. Using a combination of numerical studies, and taking account of non-zero well widths, we find that at sufficiently low Zeeman energy it is energetically favourable for charge e/4 quasiholes to bind into "skyrmions" of charge e/2. We show that skyrmion formation is further promoted by disorder, and argue that this can lead to a depolarized nu=5/2 ground state in realistic experimental situations. We comment on the consequences for the activated transport.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures
Eliminating the Hubble Tension in the Presence of the Interconnection between Dark Energy and Matter in the Modern Universe
Creators: name: Bisnovatyi-Kogan, G. S.
name: Nikishin, A. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is accepted in modern cosmology that the scalar field responsible for the inflationary stage of the early Universe is completely transformed into matter. It is assumed that the accelerated expansion is currently driven by dark energy (DE), which is likely determined by Einstein's cosmological constant. We consider a cosmological model where DE can have two components, one of which is Einstein's constant ($Λ$) and the other, smaller variable component DEV ($Λ_V$), is associated with the remnant of the scalar field that caused inflation after the main part of the scalar field has turned into matter. It is assumed that such a transformation continues at the present time and is accompanied by the reverse process of the DM transformation into a scalar field. The interconnection between DM and DEV, which leads to a linear relationship between the energy densities of these components after recombination $ρ_{DM}=α\;ρ_{DEV}$, is considered. Variants with a dependence of the coefficient $α(z)$ on the redshift are also considered. One of the problems that have arisen in modern cosmology, called Hubble Tension (HT), is the discrepancy between the present values of the Hubble constant measured from observations at small redshifts $z\lesssim1$ and the values found from fluctuations of the cosmic microwave background at large redshifts $z\approx1100$. In the considered model, this discrepancy can be explained by the deviation of the real cosmological model from the conventional cold dark matter (CDM) model of the Universe by action of the additional DE component at the stages after recombination. Within this extended model, we consider various $α(z)$ functions that can eliminate the HT. To maintain the ratio of DEV and DM energy densities close to constant over the interval $0\le z\le1100$, we assume the existence of a wide spectrum of DM particle masses.
Italia e Francia nell'Ungheria di Trianon (1919-1939): due modelli di penetrazione politico-culturale
Creators: name: Gambino, Antonio <1981>
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2011
Subjects: M-STO/04 Storia contemporanea

description: Italy and France in Trianon’s Hungary: two political and cultural penetration models 
During the first post-war, the Danubian Europe was the theatre of an Italian-French diplomatic challenge  to gain hegemony in that part of the continent. Because of his geographical position, Hungary had a decisive strategic importance for the ambitions of French and Italian foreign politics. Since in the 1920s culture and propaganda became the fourth dimension of international relations, Rome and Paris developed their diplomatic action in Hungary to affirm not only political and economic influence, but also cultural supremacy. In the 1930, after Hitler’s  rise to power, the unstoppable comeback of German political influence in central-eastern Europe determined the progressive decline of Italian and French political and economic positions  in Hungary: only the cultural field allowed a survey of Italian-Hungarian and French-Hungarian relations in the contest of a Europe dominated by Nazi Germany during the  Second World War. Nevertheless, the radical geopolitical changes in second post-war Europe did not compromise Italian and French cultural presence in the new communist Hungary. Although cultural diplomacy  is originally motivated by contingent political targets, it  doesn’t respect the short time of politics, but it’s the only  foreign politics  tool  that guarantees preservations of bilateral relations  in the long run.
Role of molecular charge in nucleocytoplasmic transport
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2014
Subjects: Active Transport, Cell Nucleus
Diffusion
HeLa Cells
Humans
Kinetics
Microscopy, Fluorescence
Models, Molecular
Molecular Weight
Nuclear Pore
Probability
Protein Conformation
Ribosomal Proteins

description: Transport of genetic materials and proteins between the nucleus and cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells is mediated by nuclear pore complexes (NPCs). A selective barrier formed by phenylalanine-glycine (FG) nucleoporins (Nups) with net positive charges in the NPC allows for passive diffusion of signal-independent small molecules and transport-receptor facilitated translocation of signal-dependent cargo molecules. Recently, negative surface charge was postulated to be another essential criterion for selective passage through the NPC. However, the charge-driven mechanism in determining the transport kinetics and spatial transport route for either passive diffusion or facilitated translocation remains obscure. Here we employed high-speed single-molecule fluorescence microscopy with an unprecedented spatiotemporal resolution of 9 nm and 400 μs to uncover these mechanistic fundamentals for nuclear transport of charged substrates through native NPCs. We found that electrostatic interaction between negative surface charges on transiting molecules and the positively charged FG Nups, although enhancing their probability of binding to the NPC, never plays a dominant role in determining their nuclear transport mode or spatial transport route. A 3D reconstruction of transport routes revealed that small signal-dependent endogenous cargo protein constructs with high positive surface charges that are destined to the nucleus, rather than repelled from the NPC as suggested in previous models, passively diffused through an axial central channel of the NPC in the absence of transport receptors. Finally, we postulated a comprehensive map of interactions between transiting molecules and FG Nups during nucleocytoplasmic transport by combining the effects of molecular size, signal and surface charge. © 2014 Goryaynov, Yang.
The membership of stars, density profile and mass segregation in open clusters using a new machine learning-based method
Creators: name: Noormohammadi, Mohammad
name: Ghomi, Mehdi Khakian
name: Haghi, Hossein
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A combination of two unsupervised machine learning algorithms, DBSCAN and GMM are used to find members with a high probability of twelve open clusters, M38, NGC2099, Coma Ber, NGC752, M67, NGC2243, Alessi01, Bochum04, M34, M35, M41, and M48, based on Gaia DR3. These clusters have different ages, distances, and numbers of members which makes a suitable cover of these parameters situation to analyze this method. We have identified 752, 1725, 116, 269, 1422, 936, 43, 38, 743, 1114, 783, and 452, probable and possible members with a higher probability than 0.8 for M38, NGC2099, Coma Ber, NGC752, M67, NGC2243, Alessi01, Bochum04, M34, M35, M41, and M48, respectively. Moreover, we obtained the tidal radius, core radius, and clear evidence of mass segregation in ten clusters. From an examination of the high-quality color-magnitude data of the cluster, we obtained one white dwarf for each of NGC752, Coma Ber and M67. In the young open cluster M38, we found all members inside the tidal radius however in the older clusters we found some members outside of the tidal radius, indicating that the young open clusters had not enough time to form clear tidal tails. It is seen that mass segregation occurs at a higher rate in older clusters than the younger ones.
description: 26 Pages, 18 Figures, accepted by MNRAS
Evolutionary imprint of activation: The design principles of VSDs
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2014
Subjects: Amino Acid Sequence
Evolution, Molecular
Ion Channel Gating
Ion Channels
Markov Chains
Molecular Sequence Data
Protein Structure, Tertiary

description: Voltage-sensor domains (VSDs) are modular biomolecular machines that transduce electrical signals in cells through a highly conserved activation mechanism. Here, we investigate sequence-function relationships in VSDs with approaches from information theory and probabilistic modeling. Specifically, we collect over 6,600 unique VSD sequences from diverse, long-diverged phylogenetic lineages and relate the statistical properties of this ensemble to functional constraints imposed by evolution. The VSD is a helical bundle with helices labeled S1-S4. Surrounding conserved VSD residues such as the countercharges and the S2 phenylalanine, we discover sparse networks of coevolving residues. Additional networks are found lining the VSD lumen, tuning the local hydrophilicity. Notably, state-dependent contacts and the absence of coevolution between S4 and the rest of the bundle are imprints of the activation mechanism on the VSD sequence ensemble. These design principles rationalize existing experimental results and generate testable hypotheses. © 2014 Palovcak et al.
Surreal Decisions
Creators: name: Chen, Eddy Keming
name: Rubio, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Theoretical Economics (econ.TH)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: Although expected utility theory has proven a fruitful and elegant theory in the finite realm, attempts to generalize it to infinite values have resulted in many paradoxes. In this paper, we argue that the use of John Conway's surreal numbers shall provide a firm mathematical foundation for transfinite decision theory. To that end, we prove a surreal representation theorem and show that our surreal decision theory respects dominance reasoning even in the case of infinite values. We then bring our theory to bear on one of the more venerable decision problems in the literature: Pascal's Wager. Analyzing the wager showcases our theory's virtues and advantages. To that end, we analyze two objections against the wager: Mixed Strategies and Many Gods. After formulating the two objections in the framework of surreal utilities and probabilities, our theory correctly predicts that (1) the pure Pascalian strategy beats all mixed strategies, and (2) what one should do in a Pascalian decision problem depends on what one's credence function is like. Our analysis therefore suggests that although Pascal's Wager is mathematically coherent, it does not deliver what it purports to, a rationally compelling argument that people should lead a religious life regardless of how confident they are in theism and its alternatives.
description: First published online: 05 June 2018
Additional file 2 of Differential expression of gluconeogenic enzymes in early- and late-stage diabetes: the effect of Citrullus colocynthis (L.) Schrad. Seed extract on hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia in Wistar-Albino rats model
Creators: name: Afshari, Arezoo
name: Salimi, Fouzieh
name: Nowrouzi, Azin
name: Khalili, Masoumeh Babaie
name: Bakhtiyari, Salar
name: Hassanzadeh, Gholamreza
name: Shabani, Maryam
name: Ahadi, Ali
name: Farhadiannezhad, Masoumeh
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Inorganic Chemistry

description: Additional file 2. Table S2-1. Names of the standard compounds and their retention times when injected as separate solutions (alone) and all mixed. Figure S2-1. When the standards in the above Table were injected as a mixture, retention times changed. Fig S2-2. Chromatograms corresponding to CCAE (5 μl, green), a mixture of two ferulic acid and rutin hydrate standards (Fer A/RH, 5 μl, blue), and a combined sample of CCAE and Fer A/RH standards (50/50 v/v, 10 μl, brown). Fig S2-3. The results of spiking either the CCAE or the hydrolyzed CCAE with the standards. GA, gallic acid; RH, rutin hydrate; Fer A, ferulic acid; Cin A, Cinnamic acid; Van A, vanillic acid
Understanding the temporal evolution of neuronal connectivity in cultured networks using statistical analysis
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2014
Subjects: Action Potentials
Animals
Cells, Cultured
Cerebral Cortex
Computer Simulation
Connectome
Data Interpretation, Statistical
Models, Neurological
Models, Statistical
Nerve Net
Neural Pathways
Neurons
Rats

description: Background: Micro-Electrode Array (MEA) technology allows researchers to perform long-term non-invasive neuronal recordings in-vitro while actively interacting with the cultured neurons. Despite numerous studies carried out using MEAs, many functional, chemical and structural mechanisms of how dissociated cortical neurons develop and respond to external stimuli are not yet well understood because of the lack of quantitative studies that assess how their development can be affected by chronic external stimulation. Methods: To investigate network changes, we analyzed a large MEA data set composed of neuron spikes recorded from cultures of dissociated rat cortical neurons plated on MEA dishes with 59 recording electrodes each. Neural network activity was recorded during the first five weeks of each culture's in-vitro development. Stimulation sessions were delivered to each of the 59 electrodes. The False Discovery Rate technique was used to quantify the temporal evolution of dissociated cortical neurons. Our analysis focused on network responses that occurred within selected time window durations, namely 50 ms, 100 ms and 150 ms after stimulus onset. Results: Our results show an evolution in dissociated cortical neuronal network activity over time, that reflects the network synaptic evolution. Furthermore, we tested the sensitivity of our technique to different observation time windows and found that varying the time windows, allows us to capture different dynamics of the observed responses. In addition, when selecting a 150 ms observation time window, our findings indicate that cultures dissociated from the same brain tissue display trends in their temporal evolution that are more similar than those obtained from different brains.Conclusion: Our results emphasize that the FDR technique can be implemented without the need to make any particular assumptions about the data a priori. The proposed technique was able to capture the well-known dissociated cortical neuron networks' temporal evolution, that has been previously observed in in-vivo and in intact brain tissue studies. Furthermore, our findings suggest that the time window that is used to capture the stimulus-evoked network responses is a critical parameter to analyze the electrical behavioral and temporal evolution of dissociated cortical neurons. © 2014 Napoli et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.
Image Hash Minimization for Tamper Detection
Creators: name: Maity, Subhajit
name: Karsh, Ram Kumar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Tamper detection using image hash is a very common problem of modern days. Several research and advancements have already been done to address this problem. However, most of the existing methods lack the accuracy of tamper detection when the tampered area is low, as well as requiring long image hashes. In this paper, we propose a novel method objectively to minimize the hash length while enhancing the performance at low tampered area.
description: Published at the 9th International Conference on Advances in Pattern Recognition, 2017
DetectorNet: Transformer-enhanced Spatial Temporal Graph Neural Network for Traffic Prediction
Creators: name: Li, He
name: Zhang, Shiyu
name: Li, Xuejiao
name: Su, Liangcai
name: Huang, Hongjie
name: Jin, Duo
name: Chen, Linghao
name: Huang, Jianbing
name: Yoo, Jaesoo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Detectors with high coverage have direct and far-reaching benefits for road users in route planning and avoiding traffic congestion, but utilizing these data presents unique challenges including: the dynamic temporal correlation, and the dynamic spatial correlation caused by changes in road conditions. Although the existing work considers the significance of modeling with spatial-temporal correlation, what it has learned is still a static road network structure, which cannot reflect the dynamic changes of roads, and eventually loses much valuable potential information. To address these challenges, we propose DetectorNet enhanced by Transformer. Differs from previous studies, our model contains a Multi-view Temporal Attention module and a Dynamic Attention module, which focus on the long-distance and short-distance temporal correlation, and dynamic spatial correlation by dynamically updating the learned knowledge respectively, so as to make accurate prediction. In addition, the experimental results on two public datasets and the comparison results of four ablation experiments proves that the performance of DetectorNet is better than the eleven advanced baselines.
description: The 29th ACM SIGSPATIAL International Conference on Advances in Geographic Information Systems (ACM SIGSPATIAL 2021)
The SAAB-Project: Experimental Studies on Several Phenomena Related to the Assessment of Aerosol Behavior in Severe Accidents
Creators: name: Klauck, Michael
name: Wu, Yihui
name: Vennemann, René
name: Allelein, Hans-Josef
Publisher: name: Forschungzentrum Jülich
Year: 2023

description: 20th International Topical Meeting on Nuclear Reactor Thermal Hydraulics (NURETH-20), Washington, USA, 20 Aug 2023 - 25 Aug 2023
description: See attached file
Additional file 3 of Differential expression of gluconeogenic enzymes in early- and late-stage diabetes: the effect of Citrullus colocynthis (L.) Schrad. Seed extract on hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia in Wistar-Albino rats model
Creators: name: Afshari, Arezoo
name: Salimi, Fouzieh
name: Nowrouzi, Azin
name: Khalili, Masoumeh Babaie
name: Bakhtiyari, Salar
name: Hassanzadeh, Gholamreza
name: Shabani, Maryam
name: Ahadi, Ali
name: Farhadiannezhad, Masoumeh
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Inorganic Chemistry

description: Additional file 3. Supplement 3. Masson's Trichrome Staining
Additional file 4 of Differential expression of gluconeogenic enzymes in early- and late-stage diabetes: the effect of Citrullus colocynthis (L.) Schrad. Seed extract on hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia in Wistar-Albino rats model
Creators: name: Afshari, Arezoo
name: Salimi, Fouzieh
name: Nowrouzi, Azin
name: Khalili, Masoumeh Babaie
name: Bakhtiyari, Salar
name: Hassanzadeh, Gholamreza
name: Shabani, Maryam
name: Ahadi, Ali
name: Farhadiannezhad, Masoumeh
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Inorganic Chemistry

description: Additional file 4. Supplement 4. Periodic acid–Schiff (PAS)
Wetting transitions of polymer solutions: Effects of chain length and chain stiffness
Creators: name: Midya, Jiarul
name: Egorov, Sergei A.
name: Binder, Kurt
name: Nikoubashman, Arash
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Wetting and drying phenomena are studied for flexible and semiflexible polymer solutions via coarse-grained molecular dynamics simulations and density functional theory calculations. The study is based on the use of Young's equation for the contact angle, determining all relevant surface tensions from the anisotropy of the pressure tensor. The solvent quality (or effective temperature, equivalently) is varied systematically, while all other interactions remain unaltered. For flexible polymers, the wetting transition temperature $T_{\rm w}$ increases monotonically with chain length $N$, while the contact angle at temperatures far below $T_{\rm w}$ is independent of $N$. For semiflexible polymer solutions, $T_{\rm w}$ varies non-monotonically with the persistence length: Initially, $T_{\rm w}$ increases with increasing chain stiffness and reaches a maximum, but then a sudden drop of $T_{\rm w}$ is observed, which is associated with the isotropic-nematic transition of the system.
A scalable network model for electrically tunable ferroelectric domain structure in twistronic bilayers of two-dimensional semiconductors
Creators: name: Enaldiev, V. V.
name: Ferreira, F.
name: Fal'ko, V. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Moiré structures in small-angle-twisted bilayers of two-dimensional semiconductors with a broken-symmetry interface form arrays of ferroelectric domains with periodically alternating out-of-plane polarization. Here, we propose a network theory for the tunability of such FE domain structure by applying an electric field perpendicular to the 2D crystal. Using multiscale analysis, we derive a fully parametrized string-theory-like description of the domain wall network and show that it undergoes a qualitative change, after the arcs of partial dislocation like domain walls merge (near the network nodes) into streaks of perfect screw dislocations, which happens at a threshold displacement field dependent on the DWN period.
Computational investigation on the thermodynamics of H2CO + NH2 NH2CHO + H on interstellar water ice surfaces
Creators: name: Martínez-Bachs, Berta
name: Rimola, Albert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Formamide has a key role in prebiotic chemistry as it is the simplest molecule containing the four most important atoms from a biological point of view: hydrogen, carbon, nitrogen and oxygen. Due to its importance, the formation of this molecule has been studied and different pathways have been considered both in gas-phase and on ices of dust grains since it was first detected. In the present work, the thermodynamics of the formation route of formamide starting from NH2 and H2CO, a reaction channel proposed to occur in the gas phase, has been theoretically investigated in the scenario taking place on icy dust grains modelled by both a cluster and a periodic approach. Different DFT functionals have been employed to obtain accurate energy values for the mechanistic steps involved in the reaction.
description: Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on Computational Science and Its Applications, ICCSA 2021
Pressure-induced metal-insulator transition in oxygen-deficient LiNbO$_3$-type ferroelectrics
Creators: name: Xia, Chengliang
name: Chen, Yue
name: Chen, Hanghui
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Hydrostatic pressure and oxygen vacancies usually have deleterious effects on ferroelectric materials because both tend to reduce their polarization. In this work we use first-principles calculations to study an important class of ferroelectric materials - LiNbO$_3$-type ferroelectrics (LiNbO$_3$ as the prototype), and find that in oxygen-deficient LiNbO$_{3-δ}$, hydrostatic pressure induces an unexpected metal-insulator transition between 8 and 9 GPa. Our calculations also find that strong polar displacements persist in both metallic and insulating oxygen-deficient LiNbO$_{3-δ}$ and the size of polar displacements is comparable to pristine LiNbO$_3$ under the same pressure. These properties are distinct from widely used perovskite ferroelectric oxide BaTiO$_3$, whose polarization is quickly suppressed by hydrostatic pressure and/or oxygen vacancies. The anomalous pressure-driven metal-insulator transition in oxygen-deficient LiNbO$_{3-δ}$ arises from the change of an oxygen vacancy defect state. Hydrostatic pressure increases the polar displacements of oxygen-deficient LiNbO$_{3-δ}$, which reduces the band width of the defect state and eventually turns it into an in-gap state. In the insulating phase, the in-gap state is further pushed away from the conduction band edge under hydrostatic pressure, which increases the fundamental gap. Our work shows that for LiNbO$_3$-type strong ferroelectrics, oxygen vacancies and hydrostatic pressure combined can lead to new phenomena and potential functions, in contrast to the harmful effects occurring to perovskite ferroelectric oxides such as BaTiO$_3$.
How stars in globular clusters reveal the depletion of the Spite plateau of lithium
Creators: name: Korn, A. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: I summarize the results of 15 years of research on the surface abundances of stars in globular clusters. Globular-cluster stars afford a unique view of the physical processes that shape the surface abundances of stars on and beyond the Spite plateau, as one can study stars in different evolutionary phases with the same composition at birth. The main result is the finding of observational trends in surface abundances of heavy elements (Mg, Ca, Ti, Cr, Fe, Ba) that range from ~0.1 dex (M4 at [Fe/H]=-1.1) to ~0.3 dex (M30 at [Fe/H]=-2.3) with turn-off and subgiant stars generally showing lower abundances than giant stars. Any model that tries to resolve the cosmological lithium discrepancy by means of stellar physics must simultaneously describe these systematic heavy-element trends between dwarfs and giants. Models of atomic diffusion moderated by some additional mixing can indeed explain the observed abundance trends and make quantitative predictions for lithium depletion. The inferred birth-cloud lithium abundances of Spite-plateau stars are higher by ~0.3 dex leaving a small (~0.15 dex) nominal offset to the primordial value.
description: Same as in conference proceedings for "Lithium in the Universe: to Be or not to Be?", with latest results on M30 (Gavel et al. (2021), arXiv:2110.12391) added
Additional file 5 of Differential expression of gluconeogenic enzymes in early- and late-stage diabetes: the effect of Citrullus colocynthis (L.) Schrad. Seed extract on hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia in Wistar-Albino rats model
Creators: name: Afshari, Arezoo
name: Salimi, Fouzieh
name: Nowrouzi, Azin
name: Khalili, Masoumeh Babaie
name: Bakhtiyari, Salar
name: Hassanzadeh, Gholamreza
name: Shabani, Maryam
name: Ahadi, Ali
name: Farhadiannezhad, Masoumeh
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Inorganic Chemistry

description: Additional file 5. Figure S5. HPLC profiles of CCAE after harsh hydrolysis using 1% (A) and 5% H2SO4 (B)
Two-track depictions of Leibniz's fictions
Creators: name: Katz, Mikhail G.
name: Kuhlemann, Karl
name: Sherry, David
name: Ugaglia, Monica
name: van Atten, Mark
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: History and Overview (math.HO)
subject: Logic (math.LO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 01A45

description: Leibniz described imaginary roots, negatives, and infinitesimals as useful fictions. But did he view such 'impossible' numbers as mathematical entities? Alice and Bob take on the labyrinth of the current Leibniz scholarship.
description: 12 pages, to appear in The Mathematical Intelligencer
PROBLEMS FOR EQUATIONS OF PARABOLIC-HYPERBOLIC TYPE
Creators: name: Ibrohimova, Dildoraxon
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Equations of the parabolic-hyperbolic type are a class of partial differential equations that exhibit both parabolic and hyperbolic behavior. They arise in various fields of science and engineering, including fluid dynamics, heat conduction in materials with phase transitions, and wave propagation in heterogeneous media. In this article, we explore some key problems associated with equations of the parabolic-hyperbolic type. We discuss their mathematical properties, numerical methods for solving them, and applications in different domains. Additionally, we examine stability and well-posedness issues, sensitivity analysis, and the challenges posed by discontinuous coefficients and multidimensional systems. The article provides an overview of the current research and highlights open questions in this fascinating field.
Heterogeneous Graph Neural Networks for Large-Scale Bid Keyword Matching
Creators: name: Liu, Zongtao
name: Ma, Bin
name: Liu, Quan
name: Xu, Jian
name: Zheng, Bo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Digital advertising is a critical part of many e-commerce platforms such as Taobao and Amazon. While in recent years a lot of attention has been drawn to the consumer side including canonical problems like ctr/cvr prediction, the advertiser side, which directly serves advertisers by providing them with marketing tools, is now playing a more and more important role. When speaking of sponsored search, bid keyword recommendation is the fundamental service. This paper addresses the problem of keyword matching, the primary step of keyword recommendation. Existing methods for keyword matching merely consider modeling relevance based on a single type of relation among ads and keywords, such as query clicks or text similarity, which neglects rich heterogeneous interactions hidden behind them. To fill this gap, the keyword matching problem faces several challenges including: 1) how to learn enriched and robust embeddings from complex interactions among various types of objects; 2) how to conduct high-quality matching for new ads that usually lack sufficient data. To address these challenges, we develop a heterogeneous-graph-neural-network-based model for keyword matching named HetMatch, which has been deployed both online and offline at the core sponsored search platform of Alibaba Group. To extract enriched and robust embeddings among rich relations, we design a hierarchical structure to fuse and enhance the relevant neighborhood patterns both on the micro and the macro level. Moreover, by proposing a multi-view framework, the model is able to involve more positive samples for cold-start ads. Experimental results on a large-scale industrial dataset as well as online AB tests exhibit the effectiveness of HetMatch.
description: 10 pages