cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
A giant outburst two years before the core-collapse of a massive star
Creators: name: Pastorello, A.
name: Smartt, S. J.
name: Mattila, S.
name: Eldridge, J. J.
name: Young, D.
name: Itagaki, K.
name: Yamaoka, H.
name: Navasardyan, H.
name: Valenti, S.
name: Patat, F.
name: Agnoletto, I.
name: Augusteijn, T.
name: Benetti, S.
name: Cappellaro, E.
name: Boles, T.
name: Bonnet-Bidaud, J. -M.
name: Botticella, M. T.
name: Bufano, F.
name: Cao, C.
name: Deng, J.
name: Dennefeld, M.
name: Elias-Rosa, N.
name: Harutyunyan, A.
name: Keenan, F. P.
name: Iijima, T.
name: Lorenzi, V.
name: Mazzali, P. A.
name: Meng, X.
name: Nakano, S.
name: Nielsen, T. B.
name: Smoker, J. V.
name: Stanishev, V.
name: Turatto, M.
name: Xu, D.
name: Zampieri, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The death of massive stars produces a variety of supernovae, which are linked to the structure of the exploding stars. The detection of several precursor stars of Type II supernovae have been reported, however we do not yet have direct information on the progenitors of the hydrogen deficient Type Ib and Ic supernovae. Here we report that the peculiar Type Ib supernova SN2006jc is spatially coincident with a bright optical transient that occurred in 2004. Spectroscopic and photometric monitoring of the supernova leads us to suggest that the progenitor was a carbon-oxygen Wolf-Rayet star embedded within a helium-rich circumstellar medium. There are different possible explanations for this pre-explosion transient. It appears similar to the giant outbursts of Luminous Blue Variables (LBV) of 60-100 solar mass stars, however the progenitor of SN2006jc was helium and hydrogen deficient. An LBV-like outburst of a Wolf-Rayet star could be invoked, but this would be the first observational evidence of such a phenomenon. Alternatively a massive binary system composed of an LBV which erupted in 2004, and a Wolf-Rayet star exploding as SN2006jc, could explain the observations.
description: 15 pages, 4 figures (supplementary information included). Originally submitted on Nov. 24, 2006; twice revised. Final version submitted to Nature
Planetesimal formation via fragmentation in self-gravitating protoplanetary discs
Creators: name: Rice, W. K. M.
name: Lodato, G.
name: Pringle, J. E.
name: Armitage, P. J.
name: Bonnell, I. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An unsolved issue in the standard core accretion model for gaseous planet formation is how kilometre-sized planetesimals form from, initially, micron-sized dust grains. Solid growth beyond metre sizes can be difficult both because the sticking efficiency becomes very small, and because these particles should rapidly migrate into the central star. We consider here how metre-sized particles evolve in self-gravitating accretion discs using simulations in which the gravitational influence of the solid particles is also included. Metre-sized particles become strongly concentrated in the spiral structures present in the disc and, if the solid to gas density ratio is sufficiently high, can fragment due to their own self-gravity to form planetesimals directly. This result suggests that planetesimal formation may occur very early in the star formation process while discs are still massive enough to be self-gravitating. The dependence of this process on the surface density of the solids is also consistent with the observation that extrasolar planets are preferentially found around high metallicity stars.
description: 5 pages, Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Radiative Shocks around Super-Eddington Accreting Black Holes
Creators: name: Okuda, Toru
name: Singh, Chandra B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine radiative standing shocks in advective accretion flows around stellar-mass black holes by 2D radiation hydrodynamic simulations, focusing on the super-Eddington accreting flow. Under a set of input flow parameters responsible for the standing shock, the shock location on the equator decreases toward the event horizon with an increasing accretion rate. The optically thin and hot gas in the narrow funnel region along the rotational axis changes gradually into a dense and optically thick state with the increasingly dense gas transported from the base of the radiative shock near the equator. As a result, the luminosity becomes as high as ~ $10^{40}$ erg $s^{-1}$, and the radiation shows a strongly anisotropic distribution around the rotational axis and then very low edge-on luminosity as ~ $10^{36}$ erg $s^{-1}$. The mass outflow rate from the outer boundary is high as ~ $10^{-5}$ and $10^{-4}$ $M_{\odot} yr^{-1}$ but most of the outflow is originated through the radial outer boundary and may be observed over a wide wind region. The models show approximately black body spectra with a temperature of $5 \times 10^{6} - 3 \times 10^{7}$ K at the vertical outer boundary surface. The radiative shock models with the super-Eddington luminosities show a possible model for the superaccretor SS 433 and Ultraluminous X-ray sources with stellar-mass black holes.
description: 9 pages, 8 figures, Accepted for publication in the MNRAS main journal
Αντιτρομοκρατικές πολιτικές και αναστολή ελευθεριών και δικαιωμάτων στην ευρωπαϊκή ήπειρο μετά την 11η Σεπτεμβρίου
Creators: name: Πιπέρογλου, Ορέστης Δημητρίου
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2019
Subjects: Αντιτρομοκρατία
Ρήτρες παρέκκλισης
Αναστολή ανθρωπίνων δικαιωμάτων και ελευθεριών
Counter-terrorism
Derogation clauses
Suspension of human rights and freedoms

description: Η παρούσα διπλωματική εργασία επιχειρεί να αναδείξει τις αρνητικές επιπτώσεις του λεγόμενου «πολέμου κατά της τρομοκρατίας» στη προστασία των θεμελιωδών ανθρωπίνων δικαιωμάτων και ελευθεριών, με σημείο αναφοράς τις αντιτρομοκρατικές πολιτικές που εφαρμόσθηκαν στην ευρωπαϊκή ήπειρο στον απόηχο των τρομοκρατικών επιθέσεων που έλαβαν χώρα στις Η.Π.Α. την 11η Σεπτεμβρίου 2001. Ιδιαίτερη μνεία, με αναφορά στη νομολογία των Διεθνών Δικαστηρίων, γίνεται στον ρόλο της διεθνούς τρομοκρατίας ως δικαιολογητικού λόγου για την διακήρυξη μιας «κατάστασης ανάγκης που απειλεί τη ζωή του έθνους». Επιπλέον, έμφαση δίνεται επίσης στην επακόλουθη περιστολή των δικαιωμάτων και ελευθεριών του ανθρώπου μέσω της επίκλησης των «ρητρών παρέκκλισης» που ενσωματώνουν τα τρία σημαντικότερα διεθνή κείμενα προστασίας των δικαιωμάτων του ανθρώπου, ήτοι το Διεθνές Σύμφωνο για τα Ατομικά και Πολιτικά Δικαιώματα, η Ευρωπαϊκή Σύμβαση των Δικαιωμάτων του Ανθρώπου και η Αμερικανική Σύμβαση των Δικαιωμάτων του Ανθρώπου
description: The present thesis seeks to illustrate the adverse consequences of the so-called “war on terror” on the protection of the fundamental human rights and freedoms, taking as a point of reference the counter-terrorist policies, which were implemented in the European continent on the aftermath of the terrorist attacks that took place in the U.S.A. on 11th September 2001. Special mention, with reference to the jurisprudence of the International Tribunals, is made to the role of international terrorism as the justifying basis for the declaration of a “state of emergency that threatens the life of the nation”. Moreover, emphasis is also given to the subsequent limitation of human rights and freedoms, through the invocation of the “derogation clauses”, contained in the three most important international texts for the protection of human rights, namely the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, the European Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms and the American Convention on Human Rights
MOESM1 of The psychosocial adaptation of patients with skin disease: a scoping review
Creators: name: Zhang, Xiu-jie
name: Wang, Ai-ping
name: Shi, Tie-ying
name: Zhang, Jun
name: Xu, Hui
name: Wang, Da-qiu
name: Feng, Li
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: Medicine
Science Policy

description: Additional file 1. Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) Checklist.
Phonological elicitation: Glottal stops and ejectives
Creators: name: Sales, Henry
name: Bertet, Denis
name: Michael, Lev
name: Scott, Tessa
name: Wilbanks, Eric
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: mam

description: Elicitation of words that feature word-final glottal stops (<'>) or uvular (), plain velar (), and palatalized velar () ejective stops, or that feature such phonemes in their San Ildefonso Ixtahuacán Mam cognates. Lead elicitor and scribe: Denis Bertet. Clean copy: Tessa Scott. For notes, see PDF pages 42-43 of related field notes.
Reconstructing confined particles with complex singularities
Creators: name: Hayashi, Yui
name: Kondo, Kei-Ichi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Complex singularities have been suggested in propagators of confined particles, e.g., the Landau-gauge gluon propagator. We rigorously reconstruct Minkowski propagators from Euclidean propagators with complex singularities. As a result, the analytically continued Wightman function is holomorphic in the tube, and the Lorentz symmetry and locality are kept intact, whereas the reconstructed Wightman function violates the temperedness and the positivity condition. Moreover, we argue that complex singularities correspond to confined zero-norm states in an indefinite metric state space.
description: 7 pages, 2 figures, final version published in PRD; a longer version can be found at arXiv:2105.07487 [hep-th]
High-resolution spectroscopy of RGB stars in the Sagittarius Streams. I. Radial velocities and chemical abundances
Creators: name: Monaco, L.
name: Bellazzini, M.
name: Bonifacio, P.
name: Buzzoni, A.
name: Ferraro, F. R.
name: Marconi, G.
name: Sbordone, L.
name: Zaggia, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Context. The Sagittarius (Sgr) dwarf spheroidal galaxy is currently being disrupted under the strain of the Milky Way. A reliable reconstruction of Sgr star formation history can only be obtained by combining core and stream information. Aims. We present radial velocities for 67 stars belonging to the Sgr Stream. For 12 stars in the sample we also present iron (Fe) and $α$-element (Mg, Ca) abundances. Methods. Spectra were secured using different high resolution facilities: UVES@VLT, HARPS@3.6m, and SARG@TNG. Radial velocities are obtained through cross correlation with a template spectra. Concerning chemical analysis, for the various elements, selected line equivalent widths were measured and abundances computed using the WIDTH code and ATLAS model atmospheres. Results. The velocity dispersion of the trailing tail is found to be $σ$=8.3$\pm$0.9 km s$^{-1}$, i.e., significantly lower than in the core of the Sgr galaxy and marginally lower than previous estimates in the same portion of the stream. Stream stars follow the same trend as Sgr main body stars in the [$α$/Fe] vs [Fe/H] plane. However, stars are, on average, more metal poor in the stream than in the main body. This effect is slightly stronger in stars belonging to more ancient wraps of the stream, according to currently accepted models of Sgr disruption.
description: 18 pages, 9 figures, 7 tables. Accepted for publication in A&A. Matching published version
title: Rothenbaumchaussee 38: The Treatment of Jewish Property in the Postwar Period
Creators: name: Althoff, Hendrik
Publisher: name: Institute for the History of the German Jews
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Memory and Remembrance
subject: Law and Politics
subject: Organizations and Institutions

description: The black-and-white photograph shows the façade of the administrative building of the Jewish Congregation in Hamburg (JGH) at Rothenbaumchaussee 38. An unknown photographer took the picture diagonally from the front yard, so that the neighboring building on the left is also visible. In the center of the picture, an approximately two-meter-long Israeli flag is flying on a flagpole that extends from a balcony on the second floor of the building towards the street. According to the note on the back of the photo, it was taken on May 14, 1949, the first anniversary of the founding of the State of Israel. Harry Goldstein, the first chairman of the Jewish Congregation in Hamburg founded in 1945, sent the picture to Carl Heinz Rosner, who was born in Hamburg in 1929 and had been temporarily under Goldstein’s guardianship after his parents fled Germany. Rosner had survived the Buchenwald concentration camp, where he had been deported in June 1944, and had emigrated to Sweden after the war and then to Israel in 1948. Today he lives in the USA. The photo is part of his document collection, which is in the archives of the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum.
Chiral Edge Modes in Helmholtz-Onsager Vortex Systems
Creators: name: Patil, Vishal P.
name: Dunkel, Jörn
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Vortices play a fundamental role in the physics of two-dimensional (2D) fluids across a range of length scales, from quantum superfluids to geophysical flows. Despite a history dating back to Helmholtz, point vortices in a 2D fluid continue to pose interesting theoretical problems, owing to their unusual statistical mechanics. Here, we show that the strongly interacting Helmholtz-Onsager vortex systems can form statistical edge modes at low energies, extending a previously identified analogy between vortex matter and quantum Hall systems. Through dynamical simulations, Monte-Carlo sampling and mean-field theory, we demonstrate that these edge modes are associated with the formation of dipoles of real and image vortices at boundaries. The edge modes are robust, persisting in nonconvex domains, and are in quantitative agreement with the mean-field predictions.
description: 21 pages, 8 figures; introduction expanded; Sec IV.C, Appendix, Fig. 8 and references added
Apparent horizon formation in the head-on collision of gyratons
Creators: name: Yoshino, Hirotaka
name: Zelnikov, Andrei
name: Frolov, Valeri P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The gyraton model describes a gravitational field of an object moving with the velocity of light which has finite energy and spin distributed during some finite time interval $L$. A gyraton may be considered as a classical toy model for a quantum wave packet of high-energy particles with spin. In this paper we study a head-on collision of two gyratons and black hole formation in this process. The goal of this study is to understand the role of the gravitational spin-spin interaction in the process of mini-black-hole formation in particle collisions. To simplify the problem we consider several gyraton models with special profiles of the energy and spin density distribution. For these models we study the apparent horizon (AH) formation on the future edge of a spacetime region before interaction. We demonstrate that the AH forms only if the energy duration and the spin are smaller than some critical values, while the length of the spin distribution should be at least of the order of the system gravitational radius. We also study gravitational spin-spin interaction in the head-on collision of two gyratons under the assumption that the values of gyraton spins are small. We demonstrate that the metric in the interaction region for such gyratons depends on the relative helicities of incoming gyratons, and the collision of gyratons with oppositely directed spins allows the AH formation in a larger parameter region than in the collision of the gyratons with the same direction of spins. Some applications of the obtained results to the mini-black-hole production at the Large Hadron Collider in TeV gravity scenarios are briefly discussed.
description: 44 pages, 21 figures, published version
THE ESSENCE OF THE AUTOPLANTATION METHOD AND THE IMPROVEMENT OF THE DIAGNOSTIC-TREATMENT ALGORITHM OF DIFFUSE TOXIC BULLOCKS
Creators: name: Djalalov, A.S.
name: Khakimov, D.M.
name: Khamidov, F.Sh.
name: Botirova, D.R.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: A distinctive feature of the transplantation of endocrine structures is the ability to transplant them in the form of an entire organ, its fragment and even individual cells, which opens up surgically easily accessible, free transplant Pathways [2;5]. Transplant methods differ mainly in the place of introduction of thyroid tissue culture [3;6]. The most effective transplant zone is not fully studied [5]. Th transplantation was performed using autoallo and xenotransplantates. Experimental research on Th auto transplantation has been ongoing for over 100 years [4;5]. There has been an increased interest in thyroid tissue transplantation for those with hypothyroidism. At the same time, the postoperative mortality rate remains high, the cost of internship intervention is very high, long-term immunosuppressive therapy is necessary, complications of immunosuppressive and surgical nature reach 75% [1;2;7].
Event-Chain Monte-Carlo Simulations of Dense Soft Matter Systems
Creators: name: Kampmann, Tobias A.
name: Müller, David
name: Vorsmann, Clemens Franz
name: Weise, Lukas Paul
name: Kierfeld, Jan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the rejection-free event-chain Monte-Carlo algorithm and several applications to dense soft matter systems. Event-chain Monte-Carlo is an alternative to standard local Markov-chain Monte-Carlo schemes, which are based on detailed balance, for example the well-known Metropolis-Hastings algorithm. Event-chain Monte-Carlo is a Markov chain Monte-Carlo scheme that uses so-called lifting moves to achieve global balance without rejections (maximal global balance). It has been originally developed for hard sphere systems but is applicable to many soft matter systems and particularly suited for dense soft matter systems with hard core interactions, where it gives significant performance gains compared to a local Monte-Carlo simulation. The algorithm can be generalized to deal with soft interactions and with three-particle interactions, as they naturally arise, for example, in bead-spring models of polymers with bending rigidity. We present results for polymer melts, where the event-chain algorithm can be used for an efficient initialization. We then move on to large systems of semiflexible polymers that form bundles by attractive interactions and can serve as model systems for actin filaments in the cytoskeleton. The event chain algorithm shows that these systems form networks of bundles which coarsen similar to a foam. Finally, we present results on liquid crystal systems, where the event-chain algorithm can equilibrate large systems containing additional colloidal disks very efficiently, which reveals the parallel chaining of disks.
description: accepted for publication in frontiers in physics
The benefits of using narrative gamification to present a word learning task
Creators: name: Lee, T
Publisher: name: University of Tasmania
Year: 2024

description: Gamification can increase user motivation and enjoyment, leading to increased performance. Unfortunately, many gamified interventions fail due to a lack of consideration for the theory behind it and the game elements included. This study investigated the benefits of narrative gamification to assess whether it would have an effect on participants' (N = 36, Mage = 31.42, SD = 15.04) performance, intrinsic motivation, experience with the task, and depth of processing in a Swahili-English word-pair memory task. Participants were randomly allocated across three conditions: control, graphics (gamified aesthetics), and narrative (the task was contextualised in a narrative placing participants in a code-breaking mystery scenario, together with the gamified aesthetic). Bayesian independent samples t-tests assessed whether the narrative manipulation had any effect, compared to the control and graphics conditions, returning anecdotal evidence for the null hypothesis with small effects for all analyses. Given the small sample, the more data is required to inform confident conclusions.
Η κοινωνική πολιτική των χωρών της Ευρωπαϊκής Ένωσης, σε επίπεδο τοπικής αυτοδιοίκησης
Creators: name: Παρασίδης, Χρήστος Χαράλαμπου
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2019
Subjects: Κοινωνική πολιτική
Τοπική αυτοδιοίκηση
Ευρωπαϊκή Ένωση
Social policy
Local authorities
European Union

description: Σκοπός της παρούσας εργασίας είναι να διερευνήσει σε θεωρητικό επίπεδο, μέσα από την ανασκόπηση της ελληνικής και διεθνούς βιβλιογραφίας τον ρόλο της τοπικής αυτοδιοίκησης στην κοινωνική πολιτική στο πλαίσιο των χωρών της ΕΕ-28. Για την καλύτερη παρουσίαση του θέματος, η παρούσα εργασία, δομήθηκε σε τρία συνολικά κεφάλαια. Στο πρώτο και εισαγωγικό κεφάλαιο γίνεται παρουσίαση και ανάλυση του θεωρητικού πλαισίου της κοινωνικής πολιτικής, ενώ παράλληλα αναλύονται θέματα, όπως τα μοντέλα κοινωνικής πολιτικής, οι φορείς άσκησης της κοινωνικής πολιτικής και η κοινωνική πολιτική της ΕΕ. Στο δεύτερο κεφάλαιο γίνεται συγκριτική παρουσίαση μεταξύ των χωρών της ΕΕ-28, σχετικά με τον ρόλο της τοπικής αυτοδιοίκησης στην κοινωνική πολιτική. Για κάθε μια χώρα, περιγράφεται η διοικητική της οργάνωση, η κατανομή των βασικών αρμοδιοτήτων της κοινωνικής πολιτικής μεταξύ των αρχών στα διαφορετικά επίπεδα διοικητικής οργάνωσης, οι βασικές αρμοδιότητες των αρχών της τοπικής αυτοδιοίκησης στον τομέα της κοινωνικής πολιτικής και οι κοινωνικές δαπάνες της κοινωνικής αυτοδιοίκησης σε θέματα κοινωνικής πολιτικής. Στο τρίτο κεφάλαιο, η εργασία εστιάζει στην περίπτωση της Ελλάδας, όπου καταγράφονται οι φορείς άσκησης της κοινωνικής πολιτικής, περιγράφεται η οργάνωση της τοπικής αυτοδιοίκησης, και γίνεται ειδικότερα εστίαση στον ρόλο της τοπικής αυτοδιοίκησης στην άσκηση κοινωνικής πολιτικής. Τα σημαντικότερα ευρήματα συνοψίζονται στην ενότητα των συμπερασμάτων.
description: The aim of this paper is to investigate the theoretical level through the review of Greek and international literature on the role of local government in social policy within the EU-28 countries. To better present the subject, this paper was structured in three chapters. The first and introductory chapter introduces and analyzes the theoretical framework of social policy while analyzing issues such as social policy models, social policy actors and EU social policy. The second chapter presents a comparative presentation among the EU-28countries, on the role of local government in social policy. For each country, it describes its administrative organization, the distribution of the basic competencies of social policy among authorities at different levels of administrative organization, the basic competencies of local authorities in the field of social policy and the social expenditures of social self- social policy. In the third chapter, the work focuses on the case of Greece, where social policy actors are recorded, the organization of local government is described, and a focus is in particular on the role of local government in the pursuit of social policy. The most important findings are summarized in the conclusions section
Naturalized seeing/colonial vision : interrogating the display of races in late nineteenth century France
Creators: name: Wan, Marilyn
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2008

description: In August 1877, fourteen Africans from Nubia were exhibited among giraffes, camels and elephants for the gaze of the Parisian public at the Jardin d'Acclimatation, a botanical and zoological garden founded to "acclimatate, breed and disseminate to the public animal and vegetable species newly introduced to France." Three months later, six Eskimos from Greenland were also put on display. This new practice of displaying non-Europeans amidst exotic flora and fauna became an immediate success. The subsequent appropriation of such an exhibiting practice by the French government at the 1889 Exposition Universelle bestowed further legitimacy to human displays. At the Exposition, France displayed more than 900 of its colonial subjects in specially reconstructed pavillions and villages. The colonial section, one of the major highlights of the Exposition, was so successful that it served as a model for future displays of races in both France and the United-States. If members of non-European peoples had been sporadically exhibited as curiosities at circus side-shows since the sixteenth-century, they were, in the last two decades of the nineteenth-century, displayed in legitimate institutionalised settings. These so-called 'ethnographic' exhibits were hailed by both the scientists and popular press as having scientific and educational value. This thesis explores both the ways in which the displays of non-European peoples at the Jardin d'Acclimatation and the 1889 Exposition Coloniale became accepted as normal and natural, as well as the various political and economic agendas they fulfilled. Some of the ideological functions of this exhibiting practice are examined by looking at how the Third Republic used the display of its colonized subjects in 1889 to convince the public of the benefits of imperialism. I argue that the way in which the exposition was visually organized and the mobility that it allowed the viewer were crucial in winning the public to the colonial cause. To answer the central question of how such a practice came to be accepted as normal and natural, I investigate how a variety of discourses and practices worked together to make the cultural natural. I contend that exisiting notions of racial hierarchy, the impact of Third Republican educational theories of "knowledge through seeing" inherited from the Enlightment, and modes of visual consumption associated with tourism and department stores, worked together to legitimize the display of races, thereby facilitating the naturalizing process.
Φυσικό αέριο και υγραέριο
Creators: name: Τσαΐρας, Βασίλειος Μιχαήλ
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2019
Subjects: Φυσικό αέριο
Υγραέριο
Σύγκριση φυσικού αερίου και υγραερίου
Natural gas
LPG
Comparison of natural gas and LPG

description: Στη σημερινή εποχή που οι ανάγκες για οικονομική ενέργεια αυξάνονται ολοένα, είναι σημαντικό να γνωρίζει κανείς τα πλεονεκτήματα και τους τρόπους χρήσης του φυσικού αερίου και του υγραερίου. Η παρούσα διπλωματική σκοπό έχει να αναδείξει αυτές τις δύο σημαντικές μορφές ενέργειας-καυσίμων, του φυσικού αερίου και του υγραερίου, τα πλεονεκτήματα, τους τρόπους χρήσης και τη σημασία τους σήμερα σε διάφορους τομείς της οικονομίας. Παρατίθεται εκτενής ανάλυση και σύγκριση των δύο αυτών μορφών μεταξύ τους αλλά και με άλλες μορφές ενέργειας, προκειμένου να δημιουργηθεί μια καλύτερη άποψη αναφορικά με τα πλεονεκτήματα και τα μειονεκτήματα του καθενός
description: Nowadays, where the needs for economic energy are growing, it is important to know the advantages and uses of Natural Gas and LPG. This present thesis aims to highlight these two major forms of energy-fuel, Natural Gas and LPG, the advantages, ways of use and their importance today in various sectors of the economy. There is an extensive analysis and comparison of these two forms with each other and with other forms of energy, in order to create a better view of the advantages and disadvantages of both of them
Metastable vacua and D-branes at the conifold
Creators: name: Argurio, Riccardo
name: Bertolini, Matteo
name: Franco, Sebastian
name: Kachru, Shamit
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider quiver gauge theories arising on D-branes at simple Calabi-Yau singularities (quotients of the conifold). These theories have metastable supersymmetry breaking vacua. The field theoretic mechanism is basically the one exhibited by the examples of Intriligator, Seiberg and Shih in SUSY QCD. In a dual description, the SUSY breaking is captured by the presence of anti-branes. In comparison to our earlier related work, the main improvements of the present construction are that we can reach the free magnetic range of the SUSY QCD theory where the existence of the metastable vacua is on firm footing, and we can see explicitly how the small masses for the quark flavors (necessary to the existence of the SUSY breaking vacua) are dynamically stabilized. One crucial mass term is generated by a stringy instanton. Finally, our models naturally incorporate R-symmetry breaking in the non-supersymmetric vacuum, in a way similar to the examples of Kitano, Ooguri and Ookouchi.
description: 26 pages, harvmac. v2.: Comments and references added
The Norman Wells Project Coordinating Committee : an evaluation
Creators: name: Wilson, Jennifer Sharon
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2008

description: On July 31,1981 the federal cabinet approved the Norman Wells Pipeline and Expansion Project (NW Project). The project consisted of a tenfold expansion to the existing oilfield at Norman Wells, N.W.T., and the construction of an 870 km pipeline to Zama, Alberta. The approval was subject to a formal delay to allow "time for effective and meaningful planning" for the implementation of special management measures and benefit packages. Construction commenced January 1983 and the project became operational in April 1985. Although the project did not represent a major undertaking by industry standards, it was significant for the north because it was the first major hydrocarbon production and transportation project to be completed in the Northwest Territories. In addition, the project involved a number of unique impact management structures in order to coordinate government and industry's activities and incorporate native concerns. The approach, if successfully implemented, would represent an important step towards recognizing native concerns in project management. As a result of the new impact management structures, the NW Project has been referred to by the federal government and industry as a "model" for future northern development projects. On the other hand, native organizations viewed the project as a 'test case' that failed since all the conditions to their approval were not fully met. This inconsistency highlights the importance of clarifying which structures were successful for future northern megaprojects. This thesis focuses on one of the management structures unique to the NW Project, the Project Coordinating Committee (PCC). The PCC was established "to provide a forum for formal project update, reporting, communication and coordination of activities". The Committee had representatives from the federal government, the two proponents, the Government of the Northwest Territories, the Dene Nation, and the Metis Association. The specific purpose of this thesis is to assess the performance of the PCC using criteria derived from the literature on Planning Process and Citizen Participation, Group Dynamics, and Environmental Dispute Resolution. The results of this evaluation showed that the committee failed to satisfy all the performance criteria. However, at the root of the problem were the politics associated with the approval of the project, and in particular, the fact that the native land claims issue had not been resolved. Even in the absence of negotiated powers, the Dene and Metis had expected to actively participate in the regulation and management of the NW Project. When these powers were divorced from the processes the Dene and Metis were to be involved in, the Dene and Metis boycotted them. In addition to politics, there were also fundamental structural and operational deficiencies with the PCC which were detrimental to its performance. On the basis of this analysis, an improved committee framework for future projects is proposed.
Emergent general relativity in fuzzy spaces from tensor models
Creators: name: Sasakura, Naoki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Tensor models can be regarded as theories of dynamical fuzzy spaces, and provide background independent theories of space. Their classical solutions correspond to classical background spaces, and the small fluctuations around them can be regarded as fluctuations of fields on them. In this paper, I numerically study a tensor model around its classical backgrounds of two-, three- and four-dimensional fuzzy flat tori and show that the properties of low-lying low-momentum modes are in clear agreement with general relativity. Numerical analysis also suggests that the lowest-order effective action is composed of curvature square terms, which is consistent with general relativity in view of the form of the considered action of the tensor model.
description: 14 pages, 6 figures, a paragraph on effective action added in Conclusion, and other minor changes. A reference added
The little rip in classical and quantum $f(R)$ cosmology
Creators: name: Vasilev, Teodor Borislavov
name: Bouhmadi-López, Mariam
name: Martín-Moruno, Prado
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The little rip is a cosmological abrupt event predicted by some phantom dark energy models that could describe the future evolution of our Universe. This event can be interpreted as a big rip singularity delayed indefinitely, although in those models bounded structures will be destroyed in a finite cosmic time in the future. In this work, we analyse the little rip cosmology from a classical and quantum point of view within the scheme of alternative metric $f(R)$ theories of gravity. The quantum analysis is performed in the framework of $f(R)$ quantum geometrodynamics by means of the modified Wheeler-DeWitt equation. In this context, we show that the DeWitt criterion can be satisfied. Similar to what happens in general relativity, this result points towards the avoidance of the little rip in $f(R)$ quantum cosmology.
description: 14 pages. v2: typos fixed, references added, matches published version
Finiteness of the number of arithmetic groups generated by reflections in Lobachevsky spaces
Creators: name: Nikulin, Viacheslav V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: After results by the author (1980, 1981), and by Vinberg (1981), finiteness of the number of maximal arithmetic reflection groups in Lobachevsky spaces was not known in dimensions $2\le n\le 9$ only. Recently (2005), the finiteness was proved in dimension 2 by Long, Maclachlan and Reid, and in dimension 3 by Agol. Here we use these results in dimensions 2 and 3 to prove finiteness in all remaining dimensions $4\le n\le 9$. Methods of the author (1980, 1981) are strong enough to complete this in few lines by simple considerations.
description: 5 pages, no figures; Var2: The Exposition polished
Grammatical elicitation: Information structure
Creators: name: Sales, Henry
name: Michael, Lev
name: Wilbanks, Eric
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: mam

description: Elicitation of question-response pairs to elicit focus constructions targeting various constituents. Lead elicitor: Eric Wilbanks. Scribe: Lev Michael.
Energy dependence of charged pion, proton and anti-proton transverse momentum spectra for Au+Au collisions at \sqrt{s_NN} = 62.4 and 200 GeV
Creators: name: STAR Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the energy dependence of the transverse momentum (pT) spectra for charged pions, protons and anti-protons for Au+Au collisions at \sqrt{s_NN} = 62.4 and 200 GeV. Data are presented at mid-rapidity (|y| < 0.5) for 0.2 < pT < 12 GeV/c. In the intermediate pT region (2 < pT < 6 GeV/c), the nuclear modification factor is higher at 62.4 GeV than at 200 GeV, while at higher pT (pT >7 GeV/c) the modification is similar for both energies. The p/pi+ and pbar/pi- ratios for central collisions at \sqrt{s_NN} = 62.4 GeV peak at pT ~ 2 GeV/c. In the pT range where recombination is expected to dominate, the p/pi+ ratios at 62.4 GeV are larger than at 200 GeV, while the pbar/pi- ratios are smaller. For pT > 2 GeV/c, the pbar/pi- ratios at the two beam energies are independent of pT and centrality indicating that the dependence of the pbar/pi- ratio on pT does not change between 62.4 and 200 GeV. These findings challenge various models incorporating jet quenching and/or constituent quark coalescence.
description: 19 pages and 6 figures
MOESM2 of The psychosocial adaptation of patients with skin disease: a scoping review
Creators: name: Zhang, Xiu-jie
name: Wang, Ai-ping
name: Shi, Tie-ying
name: Zhang, Jun
name: Xu, Hui
name: Wang, Da-qiu
name: Feng, Li
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: Medicine
Molecular Biology
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Developmental Biology
Science Policy

description: Additional file 2.
Observation of scale invariance in two-dimensional matter-wave Townes solitons
Creators: name: Chen, Cheng-An
name: Hung, Chen-Lung
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report near-deterministic generation of two-dimensional (2D) matter-wave Townes solitons, and a precision test on scale invariance in attractive 2D Boses gases. We induce a shape-controlled modulational instability in an elongated 2D matter-wave to create an array of isolated solitary waves of various sizes and peak densities. We confirm scale invariance by observing the collapse of solitary-wave density profiles onto a single curve in a dimensionless coordinate rescaled according to their peak densities, and observe that the scale-invariant profiles measured at different coupling constants $g$ can further collapse onto the universal profile of Townes solitons. The reported scaling behavior is tested with a nearly 60-fold difference in soliton interaction energies, and allows us to discuss the impact of a non-negligible magnetic dipole-dipole interaction (MDDI) on 2D scale invariance. We confirm that the effect of MDDI in our alkali cesium quasi-2D samples effectively conforms to the same scaling law governed by a contact interaction to well within our experiment uncertainty.
Hedging predictions in machine learning
Creators: name: Gammerman, Alexander
name: Vovk, Vladimir
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Recent advances in machine learning make it possible to design efficient prediction algorithms for data sets with huge numbers of parameters. This paper describes a new technique for "hedging" the predictions output by many such algorithms, including support vector machines, kernel ridge regression, kernel nearest neighbours, and by many other state-of-the-art methods. The hedged predictions for the labels of new objects include quantitative measures of their own accuracy and reliability. These measures are provably valid under the assumption of randomness, traditional in machine learning: the objects and their labels are assumed to be generated independently from the same probability distribution. In particular, it becomes possible to control (up to statistical fluctuations) the number of erroneous predictions by selecting a suitable confidence level. Validity being achieved automatically, the remaining goal of hedged prediction is efficiency: taking full account of the new objects' features and other available information to produce as accurate predictions as possible. This can be done successfully using the powerful machinery of modern machine learning.
description: 24 pages; 9 figures; 2 tables; a version of this paper (with discussion and rejoinder) is to appear in "The Computer Journal"
A possible far-ultraviolet flux-dependent core mass function in NGC 6357
Creators: name: Brand, J.
name: Giannetti, A.
name: Massi, F.
name: Wouterloot, J. G. A.
name: Verdirame, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: To derive the properties of the dense cores in the galactic star-forming complex NGC6357 and to investigate the effects of an intense far-UV radiation field on their properties, we mapped the region at 450 and 850 micron, and in the CO(3-2) line with the JCMT. We also made use of the Herschel Hi-GAL data at 70 and 160 micron. We used Gaussclumps to retrieve 686 compact cores embedded in the diffuse sub-mm emission and constructed their SED from 70 to 850 micron, from which we derived mass and temperature. The estimated mass completeness limit is ~5Mo. We divided the observed area in an 'active' region, exposed to the far-UV radiation from the more massive members of three star clusters (411 cores), and a 'quiescent' region, less affected by far-UV radiation (275 cores). We also attempted to select a sample of pre-stellar cores based on cross-correlation with 70 micron emission and red WISE point sources. Most of the cores above the mass completeness limit are likely to be gravitationally bound. The fraction of gas in dense cores is very low, 1.4%. We found a mass-size relation log(M/Mo) ~ (2.0-2.4) x log (D/arcsec), depending on the precise selection of the sample. The temperature distributions in the two sub-regions are clearly different, peaking at ~25K in the quiescent region and at ~35K in the active region. The core mass functions are different as well, at a 2sigma level, consistent with a Salpeter IMF in the quiescent region and flatter than that in the active region. The dense cores lying close to the HII regions are consistent with pre-existing cores being gradually engulfed by a PDR and photoevaporating. We attribute the different global properties of dense cores in the two sub-regions to the influence of the far-UV radiation field.
description: 16 pages, 18 figures, 3 tables (1 only at CDS); accepted by Astronomy & Astrophysics
Η ανθρώπινη ταυτότητα των κλώνων, οι αρνητικές συνέπειες της κλωνοποίησης και η ορθή απόφαση περί απαγόρευσης αυτής, βασισμένα στα έργα Where Late the Sweet Birds Sang της Kate Wilhelm και Never Let Me Go του Kazuo Ishiguro
Creators: name: Παπαστεργίου, Δάφνη Κωνσταντίνου
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2019
Subjects: Κλωνοποίηση
Ανθρώπινη Ταυτότητα
Κλώνοι
Cloning
Human Identity
Clones

description: Σκοπός της μεταπτυχιακής εργασίας ήταν η παρουσίαση του πολύπλοκου και ιδιαίτερου ζητήματος της κλωνοποίησης. Εφόσον η κλωνοποίηση αφορά ένα ζήτημα το οποίο μπορεί μόνο θεωρητικά να εξεταστεί και να συζητηθεί, σαν βάση για την ερευνητική εργασία χρησιμοποιήθηκαν τα έργα Where Late the Sweet Birds Sang και Never Let Me Go των Kate Wilhelmκαι Kazuo Ishiguro αντίστοιχα. Με βάση τα λογοτεχνικά έργα αναλύθηκαν και παρουσιάστηκαν και τα δυο βασικά θέματα της εργασίας. Το πρώτο αφορά στο κατά πόσο οι κλώνοι μπορούν να θεωρηθούν ανθρώπινες οντότητες. Με βάση κύριους χαρακτήρες των δυο λογοτεχνικών έργων αλλά και θεωρίες και λεγόμενα φιλοσόφων και ερευνητών παρουσιάστηκαν βασικά χαρακτηριστικά της ανθρώπινης ταυτότητας τα οποία μπορούν να ανιχνευτούν και στις κλωνοποιημένες οντότητες. Τέλος, παρουσιάστηκε σε θεωρητικό επίπεδο η αρνητική πλευρά της κλωνοποίησης και οι αρνητικές επιπτώσεις αυτής τόσο για τους κλώνους όσο για την ίδια την φύση και την κοινωνία που θα αποδεχτεί την κλωνοποίηση σαν ένα φαινόμενο νόμιμο και αποδεκτό.
description: The interesting but debatable issue of cloning was the main idea of this research paper. Taking into consideration that cloning has to do with a phenomenon that can only be discussed in a theoretical level, this research paper had as main core the two famous novels by Kate Wilhelm and Kazuo Ishiguro, Where Late the Sweet Birds Sang and Never Let Me Go respectively. Based on the aforementioned novels the two basic topics of the paper were analyzed. The first main idea was revolving around the human identity of the clones. Main characters of the two novels and their unique characteristics were taken into consideration along with theories by famous philosophers and researchers. All these helped in understanding and applying human characteristics on the clones thus empowering their humanity. Moreover, the other basic idea of the text was about the negative aspect of cloning. At the second unit of the paper the possible negative consequences of cloning were discussed in a theoretical level.
Physical limits on information processing
Creators: name: Hsu, Stephen D. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive a fundamental upper bound on the rate at which a device can process information (i.e., the number of logical operations per unit time), arising from quantum mechanics and general relativity. In Planck units a device of volume V can execute no more than the cube root of V operations per unit time. We compare this to the rate of information processing performed by nature in the evolution of physical systems, and find a connection to black hole entropy and the holographic principle.
description: 2 pages, revtex, version to appear in Physics Letters B (reference added)