cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Multitask Bandit Learning Through Heterogeneous Feedback Aggregation
Creators: name: Wang, Zhi
name: Zhang, Chicheng
name: Singh, Manish Kumar
name: Riek, Laurel D.
name: Chaudhuri, Kamalika
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In many real-world applications, multiple agents seek to learn how to perform highly related yet slightly different tasks in an online bandit learning protocol. We formulate this problem as the $ε$-multi-player multi-armed bandit problem, in which a set of players concurrently interact with a set of arms, and for each arm, the reward distributions for all players are similar but not necessarily identical. We develop an upper confidence bound-based algorithm, RobustAgg$(ε)$, that adaptively aggregates rewards collected by different players. In the setting where an upper bound on the pairwise similarities of reward distributions between players is known, we achieve instance-dependent regret guarantees that depend on the amenability of information sharing across players. We complement these upper bounds with nearly matching lower bounds. In the setting where pairwise similarities are unknown, we provide a lower bound, as well as an algorithm that trades off minimax regret guarantees for adaptivity to unknown similarity structure.
Παραποίηση λογιστικών καταστάσεων & τρόποι αντιμετώπισης
Creators: name: Χοχτούλα, Σταυρούλα
Publisher: name: Πανεπιστήμιο Πειραιώς
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Παραποίηση
subject: Λογιστική
subject: Αρχή δεδουλευμένου
subject: Λογιστικές καταστάσεις

description: Η παρούσα εργασία εκπονήθηκε στα πλαίσια του Μεταπτυχιακού Προγράμματος του Πανεπιστημίου Πειραιώς στη Διοίκηση Επιχειρήσεων. Σκοπός είναι η παρουσίαση των βασικών εννοιών των λογιστικών καταστάσεων, των αρχών που τις διέπουν, από τι αποτελούνται, πως συντίθενται, τι σκοπό εξυπηρετούν και σε ποιους απευθύνονται. Στη συνέχεια γίνεται αναφορά στην έννοια της παραποίησης, σε ορισμούς που έχουν δοθεί, στα αίτια που οδηγούν σε αυτή, στις μεθόδους που χρησιμοποιούνται καθώς και στο πως επιτυγχάνεται μέσω της χειραγώγησης των εσόδων, εξόδων, υποχρεώσεων αλλά και στοιχείων του ενεργητικού. Σημαντικό κομμάτι είναι και ο τρόπος περιορισμού του φαινομένου αλλά και των τρόπων ανίχνευσης του. Με την μελέτη της βιβλιογραφίας, αναφέρονται μοντέλα που έχουν αναπτυχθεί κατά καιρούς, το πως εφαρμόστηκαν, αλλά και κάποιες εμπειρικές έρευνες πάνω στο κομμάτι αυτό. Τέλος, υπάρχει παρουσίαση της έρευνας που έγινε, για την χρήση ή μη, μεθόδων χειραγώγησης σε τυχαίο δείγμα εταιριών εισηγμένων στο Χρηματιστήριο Αξιών της Αθήνας, περιορισμοί και συμπεράσματα.
A GeV-TeV particle component and the barrier of cosmic-ray sea in the Central Molecular Zone
Creators: name: Huang, Xiaoyuan
name: Yuan, Qiang
name: Fan, Yi-Zhong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Cosmic rays are important probe of a number of fundamental physical problems such as the acceleration of high and very high energy particles in extreme astrophysical environments. The Galactic center is widely anticipated to be an important cosmic-ray source and the observations of some Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescopes did successfully reveal a component of TeV-PeV cosmic rays in the vicinity of the Galactic center. Here we report the identification of GeV-TeV cosmic rays in the central molecular zone with the $γ$-ray observations of the Fermi Large Area Telescope, whose spectrum and spatial gradient are consistent with that measured by the Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescopes but the corresponding cosmic-ray energy density is substantially lower than the so-called cosmic-ray sea component, suggesting the presence of a high energy particle accelerator at the Galactic center and the existence of a barrier that can effectively suppress the penetration of the particles from the cosmic-ray sea to the central molecular zone.
description: 11 pages, 5 figures, matches version published in Nature Communications
Positive solutions to singular semilinear elliptic equations with critical potential on cone-like domains
Creators: name: Liskevich, Vitali
name: Lyakhova, Sofya
name: Moroz, Vitaly
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Spectral Theory (math.SP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35J60, 35B05, 35R45

description: We study the existence and nonexistence of positive (super-)solutions to a singular semilinear elliptic equation $$-\nabla\cdot(|x|^A\nabla u)-B|x|^{A-2}u=C|x|^{A-σ}u^p$$ in cone--like domains of $\R^N$ ($N\ge 2$), for the full range of parameters $A,B,σ,p\in\R$ and $C>0$. We provide a complete characterization of the set of $(p,σ)\in\R^2$ such that the equation has no positive (super-)solutions, depending on the values of $A,B$ and the principle Dirichlet eigenvalue of the cross--section of the cone. The proofs are based on the explicit construction of appropriate barriers and involve the analysis of asymptotic behavior of super-harmonic functions associated to the Laplace operator with critical potentials, Phragmen--Lindelöf type comparison arguments and an improved version of Hardy's inequality in cone--like domains.
description: 30 pages, 1 figure
On higher ground : informing landscape on a school/park site in the community of East Clayton
Creators: name: Proft, Joanne Cecile
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: This thesis examines ways in which educational and community-building opportunities can be enhanced on a school/park site located in the proposed sustainable community of East Clayton. It explores ways in which children construct knowledge of their world, through processes of direct interaction with, manipulation of, and reflection on their immediate environment. It proposes how the designed landscape of a schoolground can support these formative processes within the context of evolving attitudes and values concerning environmental education, community, and sustainability. A threefold framework, based on the concepts of contextuality , constructiveness, and relational space, was developed as a means of addressing the sensori-motor, cognitive, and social facets of learning.
Time-of-flight electron spectrometer for a broad range of kinetic energies
Creators: name: Kothe, Alexander
name: Metje, Jan
name: Wilke, Martin
name: Moguilevski, Alexandre
name: Engel, Nicholas
name: Al-Obaidi, Ruba Taha Salim
name: Richter, Clemens
name: Golnak, Ronny
name: Kiyan, Igor Yu.
name: Aziz, Emad F.
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::530 Physik

description: A newly constructed time-of-flight electron spectrometer of the magnetic bottle type is characterized for electron detection in a broad range of kinetic energies. The instrument is designed to measure the energy spectra of electrons generated from liquids excited by strong laser fields and photons in the range of extreme ultra violet and soft X-rays. Argon inner shell electrons were recorded to calibrate the spectrometer and investigate its characteristics, such as energy resolution and collection efficiency. Its energy resolution ΔE/E of 1.6% allows resolving the Ar 2p spin orbit structure at kinetic energies higher than 100 eV. The collection efficiency is determined and compared to that of the spectrometer in its field-free configuration.
title: Jahresbericht / 2020 (Zehn Jahre zebis)
Creators: name: (:Unav)
Publisher: name: zebis - Zentrum für ethische Bildung in den Streitkräften
Year: 2024

description: Selten hat sich die Weltgemeinschaft so verletzlich, ja so verwundbar gefühlt wie im Zeichen der Pandemie. So war dies auch ein inhaltlicher Schwerpunkt unserer Arbeit im zurückliegenden Jahr: die ethischen Aspekte – mit individual-, sozial- und ethischen und medizinischen Fragen – ebenso wie ihre sicherheitspolitische Bedeutung. Welche Folgen hat die Pandemie für die internationale Gemeinschaft und ihre Sicherheitsarchitektur?
In das Jahr 2020 fiel auch unser zehnjähriges Jubiläum. 2010 wurde Hamburg als Standort gewählt, weil hier ausgezeichnete Institutionen der deutschen Streitkräfte angesiedelt sind, an denen seit Jahrzehnten Ethik gelehrt wird: die Helmut-Schmidt-Universität und die Führungsakademie der Bundeswehr.
description: Jahresbericht / zebis Zentrum für ethische Bildung in den Streitkräften; 2020
Διερεύνηση απόψεων πελατολογίου και δημιουργία νέων προϊόντων και υπηρεσιών στον τουρισμό
Creators: name: Κοσιάβελος, Κωνσταντίνος
Publisher: name: Πανεπιστήμιο Πειραιώς
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Εναλλακτικός τουρισμός
subject: Χ2 τεστ
subject: Παραγοντική ανάλυση

description: Στα πλαίσια της παρούσας μελέτης διερευνώνται οι προτιμήσεις των καταναλωτών αναφορικά με τις τουριστικές τους επιλογές. Σκοπός της μελέτης είναι η εξαγωγή συμπερασμάτων για τη δημιουργία προϊόντων και υπηρεσιών στον τουρισμό που θα ικανοποιούν τις επιθυμίες τους. Για τον σκοπό αυτό πραγματοποιήθηκε εμπειρική έρευνα με αποστολή ηλεκτρονικού ερωτηματολογίου και συλλέχθηκε δείγμα 357 ατόμων από όλη την Ελλάδα. Στη συνέχεια ακολούθησε στατιστική επεξεργασία των αποτελεσμάτων και εξαγωγή συμπερασμάτων. Από τα αποτελέσματα της έρευνας προκύπτει η προτίμηση των συμμετεχόντων για εναλλακτικές μορφές τουρισμού, κυρίως με περιβαλλοντικό και πολιτιστικό ενδιαφέρον. Επίσης, οι επιπτώσεις της ύπαρξης του νέου κορωνοϊού Covid-19, διαμορφώνουν ένα νέο πλαίσιο μέσα στο οποίο πρέπει να προσαρμοστούν οι τουριστικές επιχειρήσεις.
title: Association of stressful life events and psychological problems profile
title: results from a large-scale cross-sectional study among Iranian industrial employees using Bayesian quantile structural equation model
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Yazdi, Maryam
name: Roohafza, Hamidreza
name: Feizi, Awat
name: Sarafzadegan, Nizal
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Dortmund
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Industrial employees
subject: Psychological problems
subject: Stressful life events
subject: Quantile structural equation model
subject: 610

description: Objectives: The current study aimed at evaluating the major domains of stressful life events and their association with psychological problems profile in a large sample of Iranian industrial manufacturing employees. Methods: In a cross-sectional study, 3,063 participants were randomly selected from 16,000 employees working in a big industrial company in Isfahan, Iran. Three common psychological problems i.e. depression, anxiety and psychological distress were evaluated using Persian validated version of Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and 12-item General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12), respectively. Self-perceived frequency and intensity of stressful life events were measured by stressful life event (SLE) questionnaire. Bayesian quantile structural equation model in R free statistical software (version 3.4) was used for evaluating the association of stressful life events and levels of psychological problems profile. Results: Using factor analysis, two major domains i.e. socioeconomic and personal stressors were derived from 11 life stressors and a unified measure i.e. psychological problem profile was extracted from three common psychological problems. Financial and daily life stressors had the highest and sexual problems showed lowest intensity. Quantile structural equation model revealed that the psychological problems profile scores had stronger association with personal (β: ranging from 0.45, 1.87) than socioeconomics stressors (β: ranging from 0.11, 0.27). The association of socioeconomic stressors was fairly uniform across quantiles of psychological problems scores, while personal stressors showed stronger association in higher quantiles, meaning that employees with higher mental health problems more experienced personal stressors. Conclusions: Life stressors particularly personal showed direct association with intensity of psychological problems in manufacturing employees. Life stressors are more perceived by employees with higher intensity of psychological problems. The results of current study can be useful in planning occupational health programs in order to improve psychological health and job productivity.
description: EXCLI Journal;Vol. 17 2018
Scattering, reflection and impedance of waves in chaotic and disordered systems with absorption
Creators: name: Fyodorov, Y. V.
name: Savin, D. V.
name: Sommers, H. -J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We review recent progress in analysing wave scattering in systems with both intrinsic chaos and/or disorder and internal losses, when the scattering matrix is no longer unitary. By mapping the problem onto a nonlinear supersymmetric sigma-model, we are able to derive closed form analytic expressions for the distribution of reflection probability in a generic disordered system. One of the most important properties resulting from such an analysis is statistical independence between the phase and the modulus of the reflection amplitude in every perfectly open channel. The developed theory has far-reaching consequences for many quantities of interest, including local Green functions and time delays. In particular, we point out the role played by absorption as a sensitive indicator of mechanisms behind the Anderson localisation transition. We also provide a random-matrix-based analysis of S-matrix and impedance correlations for various symmetry classes as well as the distribution of transmitted power for systems with broken time-reversal invariance, completing previous works on the subject. The results can be applied, in particular, to the experimentally accessible impedance and reflection in a microwave or ultrasonic cavity attached to a system of antennas.
description: 30 pages, 2 figures; review in the Special Issue of J. Phys. A: Math. Gen. on "Trends in Quantum Chaotic Scattering" (published version with updated refs)
Long-term administration of melatonin attenuates neuroinflammation in the aged mouse brain
Creators: name: Permpoonputtana, Kannika
name: Tangweerasing, Patlada
name: Mukda, Sujira
name: Boontem, Parichart
name: Nopparat, Chutikorn
name: Govitrapong, Piyarat
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Dortmund
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Aging
subject: Neuroinflammation
subject: Melatonin
subject: Pro-inflammatory cytokine
subject: NFkB
subject: BDNF
subject: 610

description: Aging is often accompanied by a decline in cognitive function in conjunction with a variety of neurobiological changes, including neuroinflammation. Melatonin is a key endogenous indoleamine secreted by the pineal gland that plays a crucial role in the regulation of circadian rhythms, is a potent free radical scavenger, has anti-inflammatory activity and serves numerous other functions. However, the role of melatonin in sterile inflammation in the brain has not been fully investigated. In the present study, we investigated the neuroinflammation status in aged mouse brains. The results showed that the protein levels of integrin αM (CD11b), glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), the major pro-inflammatory cytokines (interleukin-1 beta [IL-1β], interleukin-6 [IL-6], and tumor necrosis factor alpha [TNF-α]) and phosphor-nuclear factor kappa B (pNFκB) were significantly increased, while Nmethyl- D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor subunits NR2A and NR2B, Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII), and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) were down-regulated in the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex (PFC) of 22-months-old (aged) mice compared with 2-months-old (young adult) mice. Melatonin was administered in the drinking water to a cohort of the aged mice at a dose of 10 mg/kg/day, beginning at an age of 16 months for 6 months. Our results revealed that melatonin significantly attenuated the alterations in these protein levels. The present study suggests an advantageous role for melatonin in anti-inflammation, and this may lead to the prevention of memory impairment in aging.
description: EXCLI Journal;Vol. 17 2018
title: Jahresbericht / 2021
Creators: name: (:Unav)
Publisher: name: zebis - Zentrum für ethische Bildung in den Streitkräften
Year: 2024

description: 2021 waren die Soldatinnen und Soldaten der Bundeswehr vielfach gefordert: Der umfangreiche Amtshilfeeinsatz gegen die Corona-Pandemie ist hinsichtlich Dauer, Umfang und Intensität in den 65 Jahren seit Bestehen der Bundeswehr beispiellos. Dazu kamen die Amtshilfeeinsätze der Bundeswehr zur Beseitigung der Folgen der Hochwasserkatastrophe in Nordrhein-Westfalen, Rheinland-Pfalz und Bayern. Einschneidend war der Abzug der Bundeswehr aus Afghanistan. Was bedeutet für zukünftige internationale Einsätze der Bundeswehr? Was bedeuten sie für den Einsatz in Mali?
Als kirchlicher Bildungspartner für die Bundeswehr greift das zebis solche komplexen ethischen Fragen auf. Dazu bietet es Fortbildungs- und Qualifizierungsangeboten sowohl für die Bundeswehr als auch für die Militärseelsorgerinnen und Militärseelsorger
description: Jahresbericht / zebis Zentrum für ethische Bildung in den Streitkräften; 2021
Τα de facto κράτη στο πεδίο του διεθνούς δικαίου: η περίπτωση της Υπερδνειστερίας
Creators: name: Παπαγιαννόπουλος, Χαράλαμπος-Ανδρέας
Publisher: name: Πανεπιστήμιο Πειραιώς
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Transnistria
subject: De facto state
subject: Statehood
subject: Recognition
subject: Declarative theory
subject: Constitutive theory
subject: Sovereignty
subject: Secession
subject: Self-determination

description: Στο παρόν πόνημα αποπειράται η διερεύνηση της φύσης των de facto κρατών στο πεδίο του διεθνούς δικαίου, ενώ μελετώμενη περίπτωση είναι η Υπερδνειστεριακή Μολδαβική Δημοκρατία. Στην πρώτη ενότητα μελετάται η σχέση της αναγνώρισης με την κρατική υπόσταση. Η δεύτερη ενότητα πραγματεύεται το ορισμό του κράτους που επικρατεί στο διεθνές δίκαιο, ενώ η τρίτη ενότητα έχει ως θέμα την κυριαρχία, η οποία υπό τις δύο πτυχές της αντιστοιχεί σε δύο από τα κριτήρια περί ύπαρξης κρατικής υπόστασης, την κυβέρνηση (εσωτερική κυριαρχία) και την ικανότητα σύναψης διεθνών σχέσεων (εξωτερική κυριαρχία). Η τέταρτη ενότητα αφορά το de facto κράτος, νοούμενο ως εδαφική οντότητα η οποία έχει κτήσει την κρατική ιδιότητα, αλλά του οποίου η κρατική υπόσταση δεν αναγνωρίζεται, με έμφαση στα χαρακτηριστικά του ως υποκειμένου του διεθνούς δικαίου, ενώ η πέμπτη ενότητα εξετάζει την αρχή της αυτοδιάθεσης ως μηχανισμό δημιουργίας νέων κρατών, αναγνωρισμένων και de facto. Στην έκτη ενότητα εξετάζεται η ιστορία της Υπερδνειστερίας, με έμφαση στις διαφορές της από την Μολδαβία, κυρίως ως προς τον πολιτισμό και την εθνοτική σύσταση του πληθυσμού. Η έβδομη ενότητα αφορά τις αποτυχήμένες διπλωματικές προσπάθειες για επανένταξη της Υπερδνειστερίας στην Δημοκρατία της Μολδαβίας, ενώ η όγδοη ενότητα εξετάζει την Υπερεδνειστεριακή Μολδαβική Δημοκρατία ως μη αναγνωρισμένο κράτος, που έχει πληθυσμό, επικράτεια, κυβέρνηση και σχέσεις με διεθνείς δρώντες. Η ένατη ενότητα έχει ως θέμα την χορηγημένη στην περιοχή αυτονομία από τον διεθνώς αναγνωριζόμενο de jure κυρίαρχό της, την Δημοκρατία της Μολδαβίας.
title: Jahresbericht / 2022
Creators: name: (:Unav)
Publisher: name: zebis - Zentrum für ethische Bildung in den Streitkräften
Year: 2024

description: Mit dem russischen Angriff auf die Ukraine erfährt die Welt eine sicherheitspolitische Zäsur, vergleichbar mit dem 11. September 2001. Nicht länger kann man von Stabilität und Sicherheit in Europa sprechen. Der russische Präsident Wladimir Putin verantwortet einen eklatanten Bruch des Völkerrechts, die Zerstörung der europäischen Friedensordnung und systematische Menschenrechtsverletzungen. Dafür steht die Chiffre des 24. Februar 2022.

[…]

So lehrt die „Zeitenwende“ auch dies: Die ethischen Grundlagen des Dienstes in der Bundeswehr zu vermitteln ist wichtiger den je!
description: Jahresbericht / zebis Zentrum für ethische Bildung in den Streitkräften; 2022
Epidemiology and genotyping of Anaplasma marginale and co-infection with piroplasms and other Anaplasmataceae in cattle and buffaloes from Egypt
Creators: name: AL-Hosary, Amira
name: Raileanu, Cristian
name: Tauchmann, Oliver
name: Fischer, Susanne
name: Nijhof, Ard M.
name: Silaghi, Cornelia
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Anaplasma marginale
subject: Cattle
subject: Buffaloes
subject: Diagnostic tools
subject: Genotypes
subject: Co-infections
subject: Egypt
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::630 Landwirtschaft::630 Landwirtschaft und verwandte Bereiche

description: Background: Anaplasma marginate is an obligate intracellular bacterium and the main cause of bovine anaplasmosis in tropical and subtropical regions. In Egypt, data regarding the prevalence of A. marginate in ruminant hosts and of the circulating genotypes is lacking. This study therefore aimed to (i) investigate the presence, epidemiology and genotypes of A. marginate in cattle and buffaloes in Egypt, (ii) to evaluate suitable diagnostic tools and (iii) to identify co-infections of A. marginate with other selected tick-borne pathogens. Methods: Blood samples were collected from 394 animals (309 cattle and 85 buffaloes) from three different areas in Egypt. For the detection of A. marginate infection, several tests were compared for their sensitivity and specificity: blood smear analysis, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), PCR, real-time PCR and reverse line blot (RLB) assay. Co-infections with A. marginate, piroplasms and other Anaplasmataceae were surveyed by RLB while A. marginate genotypes were identified by amplifying and sequencing the partial mspla gene. Results: Anaplasma marginate DNA was amplified by qPCR in 68.3% of cattle and 29.4% of buffaloes. RLB showed infection with A. marginale in 50.2% of cattle and 42.5% of buffaloes. Blood smear analysis detected this agent in 16.2% of cattle and 2.4% of buffaloes. ELISA showed specific antibodies against A. marginate in 54.9% of cattle. Anaplasma marginate was associated, in cattle and buffaloes, with several tick-borne pathogens (Theileria annulata, Babesia bovis, Babesia bigemina, Babesia occultans and Anaplasma platys). A significant difference of A. marginale infection level was noticed in cattle, where animals between 3-5-years-old had a higher prevalence (79.2%) compared to those older than 5 years (36.4%) and younger than 3 years (59.7%) and one year (64.5%), respectively (P= 0.002281). Microsatellite analysis identified 15 different genotypes. Conclusions: The epidemiological findings revealed high prevalence of A. marginate in cattle and buffaloes in all the investigated areas. The circulation of diverse genotypes was observed, most of these A. marginate genotypes being specific for Egypt. The qPCR assay was confirmed to be the most sensitive tool for detection of A. marginate in cattle and buffaloes even in the carrier state, highlighting the importance of using suitable diagnostic tests.
TUTA: Tree-based Transformers for Generally Structured Table Pre-training
Creators: name: Wang, Zhiruo
name: Dong, Haoyu
name: Jia, Ran
name: Li, Jia
name: Fu, Zhiyi
name: Han, Shi
name: Zhang, Dongmei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Databases (cs.DB)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Tables are widely used with various structures to organize and present data. Recent attempts on table understanding mainly focus on relational tables, yet overlook to other common table structures. In this paper, we propose TUTA, a unified pre-training architecture for understanding generally structured tables. Noticing that understanding a table requires spatial, hierarchical, and semantic information, we enhance transformers with three novel structure-aware mechanisms. First, we devise a unified tree-based structure, called a bi-dimensional coordinate tree, to describe both the spatial and hierarchical information of generally structured tables. Upon this, we propose tree-based attention and position embedding to better capture the spatial and hierarchical information. Moreover, we devise three progressive pre-training objectives to enable representations at the token, cell, and table levels. We pre-train TUTA on a wide range of unlabeled web and spreadsheet tables and fine-tune it on two critical tasks in the field of table structure understanding: cell type classification and table type classification. Experiments show that TUTA is highly effective, achieving state-of-the-art on five widely-studied datasets.
description: KDD'21
Shear Viscosity of Clay-like Colloids in Computer Simulations and Experiments
Creators: name: Hecht, Martin
name: Harting, Jens
name: Bier, Markus
name: Reinshagen, Joerg
name: Herrmann, Hans J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Dense suspensions of small strongly interacting particles are complex systems, which are rarely understood on the microscopic level. We investigate properties of dense suspensions and sediments of small spherical Al_2O_3 particles in a shear cell by means of a combined Molecular Dynamics (MD) and Stochastic Rotation Dynamics (SRD) simulation. We study structuring effects and the dependence of the suspension's viscosity on the shear rate and shear thinning for systems of varying salt concentration and pH value. To show the agreement of our results to experimental data, the relation between bulk pH value and surface charge of spherical colloidal particles is modeled by Debye-Hueckel theory in conjunction with a 2pK charge regulation model.
description: 15 pages, 8 figures
Oxidative responses and defense mechanism of hyperpigmented P. aeruginosa as characterized by proteomics and metabolomics
Creators: name: Thippakorn, Chadinee
name: Isarankura-Na-Ayudhya, Chartchalerm
name: Pannengpetch, Supitcha
name: Isarankura-Na-Ayudhya, Patcharee
name: Schaduangrat, Nalini
name: Nantasenamat, Chanin
name: Prachayasittikul, Virapong
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Dortmund
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Hyperpigmented P. aeruginosa
subject: Proteomics
subject: Metabolomics
subject: Stress response
subject: Melanin-like activity
subject: 610

description: Pseudomonas aeruginosa is known to produce multiple types of pigment which are involved in its pathogenicity and survival in certain environments. Herein, we reported the identification of P. aeruginosa dark-brown hyperpigmented (HP) strains which have been isolated from clinical samples. In order to study the role of these darkbrown containing secretions, alterations of metabolic processes and cellular responses under microenvironment of this bacterial pathogen, two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE) in conjunction with peptide mass fingerprinting (PMF) were performed. Protein spots showing the most significant differences and high spot optical density values were selected for further characterization. Fold difference of protein expression levels among those spots were calculated. Three major groups of proteins including anti-oxidant enzyme such as catalase, alkyl hydroperoxide reductase and also iron-superoxide dismutase (Fe-SOD), transmembrane proteins as well as proteins involved in energy metabolism such as ATP synthase and pyruvate/2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase were significantly decreased in P. aeruginosa HP. Whereas, malate syntase and isocitrate lyase, the key enzyme in glyoxylate cycle as well as alcohol dehydrogenase were significantly increased in P. aeruginosa HP, as compared to the reference strain ATCC 27853. Moreover, the HP exerted SOD-like activity with its IC50 equal to 0.26 mg/ml as measured by NBT assay. Corresponding to secretomic metabolome identification, elevated amounts of anti-oxidant compounds are detected in P. aeruginosa HP than those observed in ATCC 27853. Our findings indicated successful use of proteomics and metabolomics for understanding cell responses and defense mechanisms of P. aeruginosa dark-brown hyperpigmented strains upon surviving in its microenvironment.
description: EXCLI Journal;Vol. 17 2018
Heterogeneity of oxygen reactivity: key for selectivity of partial methanol oxidation on gold surfaces
Creators: name: Feldt, Christoph D.
name: Albrecht, Paul Anton
name: Eltayeb, Salma
name: Riedel, Wiebke
name: Risse, Thomas
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: oxygen reactivity
subject: partial methanol oxidation
subject: gold surfaces
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::540 Chemie::540 Chemie und zugeordnete Wissenschaften

description: Recent evidence for low-temperature oxidation of methyl formate on Au(332) may affect the selectivity of gold catalysts during partial oxidation of methanol. Under isothermal conditions, overoxidation of methyl formate is significantly slower than methanol oxidation which can be attributed to special oxygen species required for overoxidation.
Hydrangenol inhibits the proliferation, migration, and invasion of EJ bladder cancer cells via p21WAF1-mediated G1-phase cell cycle arrest, p38 MAPK activation, and reduction in Sp-1-induced MMP-9 expression
Creators: name: Shin, Seung-Shick
name: Ko, Myeong-Cheol
name: Park, Yu-Jin
name: Hwang, Byungdoo
name: Park, Sung Lyea
name: Kim, Wun-Jae
name: Moon, Sung-Kwon
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Dortmund
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Hydrangenol
subject: Proliferation
subject: Invasion
subject: Migration
subject: MMP-9
subject: 610

description: Hydrangenol is a dihydroisocoumarin that is mainly obtained from Hydrangea macrophylla. Recently, hydrangenol has garnered attention since several studies have reported that it has anti-inflammatory, anti-allergic, anti-diabetic, and anti-malarial activities. However, there have been few studies on the effect of hydrangenol on oncogenesis. In this study, we evaluated the anti-cancer activity of hydrangenol against the EJ bladder cancer cell line. Hydrangenol significantly inhibited the proliferation of EJ cells in a dose-dependent manner with an IC50 of 100 μM. Flow cytometry and immunoblotting experiments indicated that EJ cells were arrested in the G1-phase of the cell cycle and showed reduced expression of CDK2, CDK4, cyclin D1, and cyclin E mediated via the upregulation of p21WAF1. Hydrangenol increased the phosphorylation of p38 MAPK without affecting the phosphorylation of ERK and JNK. In addition, hydrangenol significantly inhibited the migratory and invasive activities of EJ cells by suppressing the enzymatic activity of MMP-9. Electrophoretic mobility shift assays suggested that the inhibition of MMP-9 activity by hydrangenol was attributable to its suppression of the Sp-1 transcription factor binding activity. This study is the first report on the mode of action of hydrangenol as an inhibitor of bladder cancer. We believe that these results provide novel insights that could aid the development of hydrangenol- based chemotherapeutic agents.
description: EXCLI Journal;Vol. 17 2018
Periportal steatosis in mice affects distinct parameters of pericentral drug metabolism
Creators: name: Albadry, Mohamed Awad Mohamed
name: Höpfl, Sebastian
name: Ehteshamzad, Nadia
name: König, Matthias
name: Böttcher, Michael
name: Neumann, Jasna
name: Lupp, Amelie
name: Dirsch, Olaf
name: Radde, Nicole
name: Klopfleisch, Robert
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Experimental models of disease
subject: Gastrointestinal diseases
subject: Hepatology
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::630 Landwirtschaft::630 Landwirtschaft und verwandte Bereiche

description: Little is known about the impact of morphological disorders in distinct zones on metabolic zonation. It was described recently that periportal fibrosis did affect the expression of CYP proteins, a set of pericentrally located drug-metabolizing enzymes. Here, we investigated whether periportal steatosis might have a similar effect. Periportal steatosis was induced in C57BL6/J mice by feeding a high-fat diet with low methionine/choline content for either two or four weeks. Steatosis severity was quantified using image analysis. Triglycerides and CYP activity were quantified in photometric or fluorometric assay. The distribution of CYP3A4, CYP1A2, CYP2D6, and CYP2E1 was visualized by immunohistochemistry. Pharmacokinetic parameters of test drugs were determined after injecting a drug cocktail (caffeine, codeine, and midazolam). The dietary model resulted in moderate to severe mixed steatosis confined to periportal and midzonal areas. Periportal steatosis did not affect the zonal distribution of CYP expression but the activity of selected CYPs was associated with steatosis severity. Caffeine elimination was accelerated by microvesicular steatosis, whereas midazolam elimination was delayed in macrovesicular steatosis. In summary, periportal steatosis affected parameters of pericentrally located drug metabolism. This observation calls for further investigations of the highly complex interrelationship between steatosis and drug metabolism and underlying signaling mechanisms.
Assessing the Prevalence and Potential Risks of Salmonella Infection Associated with Fresh Salad Vegetable Consumption in the United Arab Emirates
Creators: name: Habib, Ihab
name: Khan, Mushtaq
name: Mohamed, Mohamed-Yousif Ibrahim
name: Ghazawi, Akela
name: Abdalla, Afra
name: Lakshmi, Glindya
name: Elbediwi, Mohammed
name: Al Marzooqi, Hassan Mohamed
name: Afifi, Hanan Sobhy
name: Shehata, Mohamed Gamal
name: Al-Rifai, Rami H.
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Salmonella
subject: WGS
subject: leafy greens
subject: Middle East
subject: risk analysis
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::616 Krankheiten

description: This study aimed to investigate the occurrence and characteristics of Salmonella isolates in salad vegetables in the United Arab Emirates (UAE). Out of 400 samples tested from retail, only 1.25% (95% confidence interval, 0.41–2.89) were found to be positive for Salmonella, all of which were from conventional local produce, presented at ambient temperature, and featured as loose items. The five Salmonella-positive samples were arugula (n = 3), dill (n = 1), and spinach (n = 1). The Salmonella isolates from the five samples were found to be pan-susceptible to a panel of 12 antimicrobials tested using a disc diffusion assay. Based on whole-genome sequencing (WGS) analysis, only two antimicrobial resistance genes were detected—one conferring resistance to aminoglycosides (aac(6′)-Iaa) and the other to fosfomycin (fosA7). WGS enabled the analysis of virulence determinants of the recovered Salmonella isolates from salad vegetables, revealing a range from 152 to 165 genes, collectively grouped under five categories, including secretion system, fimbrial adherence determinants, macrophage-inducible genes, magnesium uptake, and non-fimbrial adherence determinants. All isolates were found to possess genes associated with the type III secretion system (TTSS), encoded by Salmonella pathogenicity island-1 (SPI-1), but various genes associated with the second type III secretion system (TTSS-2), encoded by SPI-2, were absent in all isolates. Combining the mean prevalence of Salmonella with information regarding consumption in the UAE, an exposure of 0.0131 salmonellae consumed per person per day through transmission via salad vegetables was calculated. This exposure was used as an input in a beta-Poisson dose–response model, which estimated that there would be 10,584 cases of the Salmonella infection annually for the entire UAE population. In conclusion, salad vegetables sold in the UAE are generally safe for consumption regarding Salmonella occurrence, but occasional contamination is possible. The results of this study may be used for the future development of risk-based food safety surveillance systems in the UAE and to elaborate on the importance for producers, retailers, and consumers to follow good hygiene practices, particularly for raw food items such as leafy salad greens.
Planes of satellites around Milky Way/M31-mass galaxies in the FIRE simulations and comparisons with the Local Group
Creators: name: Samuel, Jenna
name: Wetzel, Andrew
name: Chapman, Sierra
name: Tollerud, Erik
name: Hopkins, Philip F.
name: Boylan-Kolchin, Michael
name: Bailin, Jeremy
name: Faucher-Giguère, Claude-André
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine the prevalence, longevity, and causes of planes of satellite dwarf galaxies, as observed in the Local Group. We use 14 Milky Way/Andromeda-(MW/M31) mass host galaxies from the FIRE-2 simulations. We select the 14 most massive satellites by stellar mass within 300 kpc of each host and correct for incompleteness from the foreground galactic disc when comparing to the MW. We find that MW-like planes as spatially thin and/or kinematically coherent as observed are uncommon, but they do exist in our simulations. Spatially thin planes occur in 1-2 per cent of snapshots during $z=0-0.2$, and kinematically coherent planes occur in 5 per cent of snapshots. These planes are generally transient, surviving for less than 500 Myr. However, if we select hosts with an LMC-like satellite near first pericentre, the fraction of snapshots with MW-like planes increases dramatically to 7-16 per cent, with lifetimes of 0.7-1 Gyr, likely because of group accretion of satellites. We find that M31's satellite distribution is much more common: M31's satellites lie within about 1 sigma of the simulation median for every plane metric we consider. We find no significant difference in average satellite planarity for isolated hosts versus hosts in LG-like pairs. Baryonic and dark matter-only simulations exhibit similar levels of planarity, even though baryonic subhaloes are less centrally concentrated within their host haloes. We conclude that planes of satellites are not a strong challenge to LCDM cosmology.
description: 15 pages, 8 figures. Main results in Figures 2 and 7. Accepted by MNRAS
Sulphur abundance in Galactic stars
Creators: name: Caffau, E.
name: Bonifacio, P.
name: Faraggiana, R.
name: Francois, P.
name: Gratton, R. G.
name: Barbieri, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate sulphur abundance in 74 Galactic stars by using high resolution spectra obtained at ESO VLT and NTT telescopes. For the first time the abundances are derived, where possible, from three optical multiplets: Mult. 1, 6, and 8. By combining our own measurements with data in the literature we assemble a sample of 253 stars in the metallicity range -3.2 < [Fe/H] < +0.5. Two important features, which could hardly be detected in smaller samples, are obvious from this large sample: 1) a sizeable scatter in [S/Fe] ratios around [Fe/H] ~ -1 ; 2) at low metallicities we observe stars with [S/Fe] ~ 0.4, as well as stars with higher [S/Fe] ratios. The latter do not seem to be kinematically different from the former ones. Whether the latter finding stems from a distinct population of metal-poor stars or simply from an increased scatter in sulphur abundances remains an open question.
description: accepted by A&A
Αξιολόγηση πελατολογίου στον τουρισμό και συσχέτιση με πιθανούς προορισμούς
Creators: name: Κολοκυθάς, Ιωάννης
Publisher: name: Πανεπιστήμιο Πειραιώς
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: RFM
subject: Τουρισμός
subject: K-means clustering

description: Στην παρούσα διπλωματική εργασία πραγματοποιείται η ανάλυση και η αξιολόγηση του υπάρχοντος πελατολογίου ενός ελληνικού ταξιδιωτικού πρακτορείου, για να διαπιστωθούν τόσο στατιστικά όσο και ρεαλιστικά, ευκαιρίες για ανάπτυξη, καλύτερη οργάνωση και αύξηση της κερδοφορίας. Επιπλέον, επιδιώκεται και η δυνατότητα συσχέτισης με νέους πιθανούς προορισμούς. Από τα αποτελέσματα της έρευνας προτάθηκαν δέκα νέα πακέτα ταξιδιωτικών προορισμών και τρεις προτάσεις ανάπτυξης πελατολογίου. Στη συνέχεια πραγματοποιείται πρόβλεψη αποτελεσμάτων για τρία έτη μετά την ερεύνα ώστε να διαπιστωθεί η αποτελεσματικότητα των προτάσεων και των νέων ταξιδιωτικών προορισμών. Τέλος, γίνεται αναφορά στην παρούσα κατάσταση με την ύπαρξη του κορωνοϊού, Covid-19, και τις επιπτώσεις του στον τουρισμό.
Matchgate benchmarking: Scalable benchmarking of a continuous family of many-qubit gates
Creators: name: Helsen, Jonas
name: Nezami, Sepehr
name: Reagor, Matthew
name: Walter, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a method to reliably and efficiently extract the fidelity of many-qubit quantum circuits composed of continuously parametrized two-qubit gates called matchgates. This method, which we call matchgate benchmarking, relies on advanced techniques from randomized benchmarking as well as insights from the representation theory of matchgate circuits. We argue the formal correctness and scalability of the protocol, and moreover deploy it to estimate the performance of matchgate circuits generated by two-qubit XY spin interactions on a quantum processor.
description: 7+13 pages, 1 figure, accepted into Quantum
Intersecting Connes Noncommutative Geometry with Quantum Gravity
Creators: name: Aastrup, Johannes
name: Grimstrup, Jesper M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An intersection of Noncommutative Geometry and Loop Quantum Gravity is proposed. Alain Connes' Noncommutative Geometry provides a framework in which the Standard Model of particle physics coupled to general relativity is formulated as a unified, gravitational theory. However, to this day no quantization procedure compatible with this framework is known. In this paper we consider the noncommutative algebra of holonomy loops on a functional space of certain spin-connections. The construction of a spectral triple is outlined and ideas on interpretation and classical limit are presented.
description: 19 pages, 4 figures
title: Exploiting in vitro potential and characterization of surface modified zinc oxide nanoparticles of Isodon rugosus extract
title: their clinical potential towards HepG2 cell line and human pathogenic bacteria
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Siddiquah, Aisha
name: Hashmi, Syed Salman
name: Mushtaq, Sadaf
name: Renouard, Sullivan
name: Blondeau, Jean Philippe
name: Abbasi, Rashda
name: Hano, Christophe
name: Abbasi, Bilal Haider
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Dortmund
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Nanotoxicity
subject: ZnONP
subject: pH
subject: Surface adaptation
subject: Characterization
subject: Isodon rugosus
subject: 610

description: Little is known about biogenically synthesized Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnONPs) from Isodon rugosus. Synthesis of metal oxide NPs from essential oil producing medicinal plants results in less harmful side effects to the human population as compared to chemically synthesized NPs. In this article, we report biogenic synthesis of ZnONPs from in vitro derived plantlets and thidiazuron (TDZ) induced callus culture of Isodon rugosus. Synthesized NPs were characterized using UV-spectra, XRD, FTIR, SEM and EDX. Furthermore, the NPs were evaluated for their potential cytotoxic (against HepG2 cell line) and antimicrobial (against drug resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis, Bacillus subtilis, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa) activities. Pure crystalline ZnONPs with hexagonal and triangular shapes were obtained as a result of callus extract (CE) and whole plant extract (WPE), respectively. ZnONPs showed potent cytotoxic and antimicrobial potential. The antimicrobial and cytotoxic activities of ZnONPs were found to be shape and surface bound phytochemicals dependent. CE mediated hexagonal ZnONPs showed superior anti-cancer and antimicrobial activities as compared to WPE mediated triangular shaped ZnONPs. It is concluded that biogenic ZnONPs have incredible potential as theranostic agents and can be adopted as useful drug delivery system in next generation treatment strategies.
description: EXCLI Journal;Vol. 17 2018
MemSPICE: Automated Simulation and Energy Estimation Framework for MAGIC-Based Logic-in-Memory
Creators: name: Singh, Simranjeet
name: Jha, Chandan Kumar
name: Bende, Ankit
name: Rana, Vikas
name: Patkar, Sachin
name: Drechsler, Rolf
name: Merchant, Farhad
Publisher: name: Forschungzentrum Jülich
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Emerging Technologies (cs.ET)
subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: arXiv (2023). doi:10.48550/ARXIV.2309.04868
description: Existing logic-in-memory (LiM) research is limited to generating mappings and micro-operations. In this paper, we present~\emph{MemSPICE}, a novel framework that addresses this gap by automatically generating both the netlist and testbench needed to evaluate the LiM on a memristive crossbar. MemSPICE goes beyond conventional approaches by providing energy estimation scripts to calculate the precise energy consumption of the testbench at the SPICE level. We propose an automated framework that utilizes the mapping obtained from the SIMPLER tool to perform accurate energy estimation through SPICE simulations. To the best of our knowledge, no existing framework is capable of generating a SPICE netlist from a hardware description language. By offering a comprehensive solution for SPICE-based netlist generation, testbench creation, and accurate energy estimation, MemSPICE empowers researchers and engineers working on memristor-based LiM to enhance their understanding and optimization of energy usage in these systems. Finally, we tested the circuits from the ISCAS'85 benchmark on MemSPICE and conducted a detailed energy analysis.
description: Published by arXiv