cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
POLEMIC AGAINST PRE-ISLAMIC DEITIES IN THE SŪRAH NAMED AFTER THE PLEIADES
Creators: name: Zaman, Asad Uz
Publisher: name: Digital Repository at the University of Maryland
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Islamic studies
subject: Religion
subject: Ancient history
subject: al-‘Uzzā
subject: Allāt
subject: Manāt
subject: mushrikūn
subject: Najm
subject: Venus

description: The thesis explores the idea of whether Allāt, al-‘Uzzā, and Manāt were worshipped as manifestations of Venus by Muhammad’s pagan opponents known as the mushrikūn; an idea inspired through engagement with Gerald Hawting’s book The Idea of Idolatry and the Emergence of Islam. By reading Q53 Sūrat al-Najm within a broader context of ancient Near Eastern astral religion/mythology I develop an “astral” interpretation of Muhammad’s angelic vision of the Archangel Gabriel, highlighting how the description of Gabriel at the beginning of the sūrah parallels the movements of Venus as the morning star in some salient features. Based on this finding I argue that the Venusian description of Gabriel serves as a polemic posing him in comparison to the goddesses mentioned later in the sūrah at Q53:19-20. These developments prompt me to examine their implications for the Satanic verses story and propose a date for Q53’s revelation.
BREEDING HIMALAYAN SNOWCOOKS IN THE AVIARY COMPLEX OF THE ROSTISLAV SHILO NOVOSIBIRSK ZOO
Creators: name: Shilo, V.
name: Klimova, S.
Publisher: name: Norwegian Journal of Development of the International Science
Year: 2021
Subjects: conservation of biological diversity of birds
Himalayan snowcock
breeding in open-air cages
reproductive characteristics

description: The article addresses the features of the biology of the Himalayan snowcock (Tetraogallus himalayensis, G.R. Gray, 1843) in terms of breeding in aviaries. Methods of breeding in aviaries (keeping, feeding, pair forming, egg-laying and raising young stock) are given.
EVALUATION OF A SPACE ROBOTICS CONTROL CONSOLE USING EYE TRACKING GLASSES
Creators: name: Kracinovich, Casey
Publisher: name: Digital Repository at the University of Maryland
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Aerospace engineering
subject: eye tracking
subject: robotics

description: This thesis seeks to evaluate the human factors of the design of the space robotics control console to be used at NASA Goddard in the OSAM-1 mission, using eye tracking glasses to gain insights into the ways in which operators interact with the various console elements. An experiment was performed in which trained robot operators wearing eye tracking glasses executed a simplified task on the ground, representative of an attention-intensive in-flight task. As the OSAM-1 mission is not scheduled to launch until 2023, the configuration of this console is still somewhat in flux, so this task was repeated three times in different possible console configurations. Drawing on previous eye tracking literature in combination with the gathered eye tracking data, conclusions were developed about this particular console and task, and more broadly, insights were gained into robot control console design in general.
Silicon Heterojunction Solar Cells on n- and p-Type Wafers with Efficiencies above 20%
Creators: name: Descoeudres, A.
name: Holman, Z.
name: Barraud, L.
name: Morel, S.
name: Demaurex, B.
name: Seif, J.P.
name: De Wolf, S.
name: Ballif, C.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2012
Subjects: Wafer-Based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Silicon Solar Cell Improvements

description: 27th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 647-651
description: A systematic comparison of front- and rear-emitter silicon heterojunction solar cells produced on nand
p-type wafers was performed, in order to investigate their potential and limitations for high efficiencies. Cells on
p-type wafers suffer from reduced minority carrier lifetime in the low-carrier-injection range, mainly due to the
asymmetry in interface defect capture cross sections. This leads to slightly lower fill factors than for n-type cells.
However, these losses can be minimized by using high-quality passivation layers. High Vocs were obtained on both
types of FZ wafers: up to 735 mV on n- and 726 mV on p-type. The best Voc measured on CZ p-type wafers was only
692 mV, whereas it reached 732 mV on CZ n-type. The highest aperture-area certified efficiencies obtained on 4 cm2
cells were 22.14% (Voc=727 mV, FF=78.4%) and 21.38% (Voc=722 mV, FF=77.1%) on n- and p-type FZ wafers,
respectively, demonstrating that heterojunction schemes can perform almost as well on high-quality p-type as on ntype
wafers. To our knowledge, this is the highest efficiency for a full silicon heterojunction solar cell on a p-type
wafer, and the highest Voc on any p-type crystalline silicon device with reasonable FF.
Adaptive Detection of Dim Maneuvering Targets in Adjacent Range Cells
Creators: name: Yan, Sheng
name: Addabbo, Pia
name: Hao, Chengpeng
name: Orlando, Danilo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: 62Cxx

description: This letter addresses the detection problem of dim maneuvering targets in the presence of range cell migration. Specifically, it is assumed that the moving target can appear in more than one range cell within the transmitted pulse train. Then, the Bayesian information criterion and the generalized likelihood ratio test design procedure are jointly exploited to come up with six adaptive decision schemes capable of estimating the range indices related to the target migration. The computational complexity of the proposed detectors is also studied and suitably reduced. Simulation results show the effectiveness of the newly proposed solutions also for a limited set of training data and in comparison with suitable counterparts.
description: 5 pages
New Formulation of Copper Zinc Tin Sulfide Compounds: An Ink Precursors Route to Printed Photovoltaics
Creators: name: Lin, X.
name: Kavalakkatt, J.
name: Lux-Steiner, M.C.
name: Ennaoui, A.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2012
Subjects: Thin Film Solar Cells
CdTe, CIS and Related Ternary and Quaternary Thin Film Solar Cells

description: 27th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 2794-2797
description: We report on the development of copper-zinc-tin-chalcogenide compounds, especially kesterite Cu2ZnSn(S,Se)4
(CZTSSe) that can be used for low-cost solar cells using scalable inexpensive coating processes. For the formulation of
copper-zinc-tin-sulfur inks we developed a new method relying on binary and ternary chalcogenide nanoparticles as
precursors. The chemical composition of the resulting absorber layers can be controlled by varying the ratio of the NP
precursors in the ink. The ink was first coated at room temperature on Mo coated soda lime glass substrates. After soft
heat treatment in air, the obtained precursor layers were subjected to further annealing process under Ar/H2S/ or Ar/Se
atmosphere to allow solid state reaction of the precursors to form CZTS(Se) absorber layers. The morphology and phase
formation were investigated with scanning electron microscopy and grazing incident X-ray diffraction. The Raman
spectroscopy was utilized to better identify all secondary phases. Solar cell formation is completed by chemical bath
deposition of CdS buffer layer followed by sputtered i-ZnO/ZnO: Al bi-layers. Solar cells with efficiencies around 1.17
% were achieved.
Competing exchange and irreversible reactions in a linear co-polycondensation lead to a broad composition window where tunable high molecular weight polymers can be prepared
Creators: name: Lang, Michael
name: Böhme, Frank
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A co-polycondensation reaction is discussed analytically and by Monte-Carlo simulations where two reactive units compete for reactions with an alternating third reactive unit, whereby irreversible reactions replace bonds which are able to undergo exchange reactions. The resulting number average molar mass, $M_{\text{n}}$, exhibits only one distinct peak at the stoichiometric condition of both competitors with the alternating partner. The weight average molar mass, $M_{\text{w}}$, reaches an additional second peak at the stoichiometric condition between the dominating competitor and the alternating partner. Both peaks of $M_{\text{w}}$ surround a range of compositions where a rather high and approximately constant $M_{\text{w}}$ is obtained. The degree of polymerization of the dominating and alternating reaction partners is rather insensitive towards composition fluctuations if the reaction mixture remains within this composition window. This promotes high molecular weight species and more homogeneous weight distributions at incomplete mixing conditions. An ideal reference case (identical reaction rates for all reactions) is solved analytically to describe these reactions. The position of the stable composition window and the average molar masses inside this window can be tuned by choosing appropriate precursor molecules, reaction mixtures or post-tuning steps at later times.
Investigation of Potential Induced Degradation for Various Module Manufacturers and Technologies
Creators: name: Martin, M.
name: Krause, R.
name: Eckert, H.
name: Pfeifer, M.
name: Kohake, D.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2012
Subjects: Components for PV Systems
PV Modules

description: 27th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 3394-3398
description: A steadily increasing system voltage in photovoltaic power plants has improved their performance in
the last years. However, this also exposed the modules to higher electrical potentials (high voltage stress; HVS)
which can cause Potential Induced Degradation (PID). In the solar industry it is well-known that PID can lower the
power of large-scale installations significantly. Some module manufacturers have shown to have found a way to
prevent their modules from suffering this power loss due to PID. In literature leakage currents due to low insulation
resistance are often connected to occurring PID. We therefore performed a detailed investigation of 16 state of the art
modules of 5 different technologies (mono-Si, poly-Si, CdTe, CIGS, a-Si) and manufacturers. I-V-characteristics,
Electroluminescence (EL) images as well as insulation resistances have been measured after several time steps to
quantify the degradation process of each module. Besides this comparison, special focus is laid on the investigation of
the relative power loss under different illumination levels.
Revisiting the shadow of braneworld black holes
Creators: name: Hou, Yehui
name: Guo, Minyong
name: Chen, Bin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We revisit the shadows of rotating braneworld black holes in the Randall-Sundrum type II model, by considering not only the metric in the near region of the black hole but also the linearized metric in the far region where the observer stays. Our study is significantly different from previous studies, which relies only on the metric in the near region. From the study, we identify a critical angle $θ_c$ which decides the shadow curve is open or closed: the shadow curve would be open if the observational angle $θ_c
description: 22 pages, 13 figures
CAUSES OF LATE DETECTION OF SKIN CANCER
Creators: name: Vizdoaga, V.
name: Lozan, O.
name: Bețiu, M.
Publisher: name: Norwegian Journal of Development of the International Science
Year: 2021
Subjects: skin cancer
Non-Melanoma cancer
Malignant Melanoma
screening
national cancer programs

description: Skin cancer is a major public health problem both at the global and national level. In the general structure of mortality worldwide, as well as in the Republic of Moldova (RM), malignant tumours occupy the second place, after cerebrovascular diseases. In the Republic of Moldova, it is determined a late addressability of patients with skin tumours. Cancer mortality causes a considerable increase in the costs of treatment of this disease and other social costs associated with the malady: exclusion of person from socio-economic activity, care, time and resources from other family members, transportation, etc. [1]. Patients in the Republic of Moldova do not have sufficient access to modern diagnostic and treatment ser-vices. Despite the high incidence and mortality, in the regions of the Republic of Moldova there is only one insti-tution, the Oncological Institute, which offers the specialized treatment to persons with skin cancer that produces enormous additional social costs borne by the patients and their families (transport) and does not ensure the reali-zation of the principle of services closer to the persons who need them [5]. The financing of services provided to persons with cancer is ensured through the funds of the compulsory health insurance [2]. A barrier in the provision of cancer control services in the Republic of Moldova is the insufficiency of the specialized medical personnel and the limited access of specialists in the field to the trainings on the application of modern technologies.
Numerical Solution of the Uncertain Characteristic Cauchy Reaction-Diffusion Equation by Variational Iteration Method
Creators: name: Hamid ROUHPARVAR, Saeid ABBASBANDY
Publisher: name: Walailak University
Year: 2014
Subjects: Uncertain characteristic Cauchy problem, LU-fuzzy representation, parametric representation, variational iteration method

description: 11, 11, Walailak Journal of Science and Technology
Star formation around three co-moving HAeBe stars in the Cepheus Flare
Creators: name: Saha, Piyali
name: G., Maheswar
name: Mathew, Blesson
name: Kamath, U. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The presence of three more Herbig Ae/Be (HAeBe) stars in the Cepheus Flare within a 1.5$^{\circ}$ radius centered on HD 200775 suggests that star formation is prevalent in a wider region of the LDN 1147/1158, LDN 1172/1174, and LDN 1177 clouds. A number of young stellar objects (YSOs) are also found to be located toward these clouds. Various star formation studies indicate ongoing low-mass star formation inside this region. Sources associated with less near-infrared (IR) excess and less H-alpha emission raise the possibility that more low-mass YSOs, which were not identified in previous studies, are present in this region. The aim is to conduct a search for additional young sources that are kinematically associated with the known YSOs and to characterize their properties. Based on the Gaia DR2 distances and proper motions, we found that BD+68 1118, HD 200775, and PV Cep are spatially and kinematically associated with known YSOs. Using the Gaia DR2 data, we identified 39 co-moving sources around BD+68 1118. These sources are characterized using optical and near-IR color-color and color-magnitude diagrams. We estimated a distance of 340+/-7 pc to the whole association that contains BD+68 1118, HD 200775, and PV Cep. Based on the distance and proper motions of all the known YSOs, a total of 74 additional co-moving sources are found, of which 39 form a loose association surrounding BD+68 1118. These sources are predominantly M-type with ages of $\sim$10 Myr and no or very little near-IR excess emission. The positive expansion coefficients obtained via the projected internal motions of the sources surrounding BD+68 1118 and HD 200775 show that these sources are expanding with respect to their HAeBe stars. A spatio-temporal gradient of these sources toward the center of the Cepheus Flare Shell supports the concept of star formation triggered by external impacts.
The Corrosive Effects of Alkaline Nickel-Phosphorus Plating on Crystalline Silicon
Creators: name: Emre, E.
name: Braun, S.
name: Hahn, G.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2012
Subjects: Wafer-Based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Silicon Solar Cell Improvements

description: 27th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 1733-1738
description: In the process of finding alternatives to conventional silver thick-film metallization for silicon solar
cells the interest in chemical deposition of nickel layers is rising. Electroless plating of nickel/phosphorus layers is a
common surface coating method to protect metallic surfaces from corrosion and is currently examined as an option
for solar cell metallization. However, some chemical compositions for this process contain alkaline substances (e.g.
sodium hydroxide or ammonium), which are known to chemically react with silicon. This work examines the effect
of Ni/P plating on crystalline silicon substrates with varying n-type emitters (20 Ω/sq, 50 Ω/sq, 80 Ω/sq and
120 Ω/sq). Two different chemical bath compositions, both with an alkaline electrolyte, are tested at different
temperatures and varying plating durations. By comparing the mass of Cz-Si wafers in different stages of the Ni/P
plating process (before plating, after plating with the Ni/P layer intact, after plating with the Ni/P layer removed) one
can detect an average silicon etching depth between 40 nm and 80 nm ± 13 nm. ECV measurements suggest an even
higher damage to the emitter of >250 nm up to a complete consumption of a shallow emitter. SEM imaging reveals a
morphological change of the wafer surface.
Additional file 2: of Pin1 inhibition exerts potent activity against acute myeloid leukemia through blocking multiple cancer-driving pathways
Creators: name: Lian, Xiaolan
name: Lin, Yu-Min
name: Kozono, Shingo
name: Herbert, Megan
name: Li, Xin
name: Yuan, Xiaohong
name: Guo, Jiangrui
name: Guo, Yafei
name: Tang, Min
name: Lin, Jia
name: Huang, Yiping
name: Wang, Bixin
name: Qiu, Chenxi
name: Tsai, Cheng-Yu
name: Xie, Jane
name: Gao, Ziang
name: Wu, Yong
name: Liu, Hekun
name: Zhou, Xiao
name: Lu, Kun
name: Chen, Yuanzhong
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Hematology

description: Figure S2. The relative intensities of Pin1 downstream oncoproteins in Vec and shPin1. The intensities of each protein signal were determined by ImageJ. The semi-quantitative results were averaged from three independent experiments. (PDF 312 kb)
EFFECTS OF FULL-SCALE THERMAL HYDROLYSIS-ANAEROBIC DIGESTION ON THE TEMPORAL TRENDS OF POLYBROMINATED DIPHENYL ETHERS IN BIOSOLIDS AND THEIR PHYSICAL AND BIOLOGICAL DEGRADATION DURING WASTEWATER TREATMENT
Creators: name: Motley, Taylor Ann
Publisher: name: Digital Repository at the University of Maryland
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Environmental engineering
subject: FOS: Environmental engineering
subject: anaerobic digestion
subject: biosolids
subject: PBDE degradation
subject: polybrominated diphenyl ethers
subject: reductive debromination
subject: wastewater treatment

description: Biosolids produced at wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) are rich in recovered nutrients and are often recycled through soil amendment on agricultural land. Advanced solids treatment strategies, including thermal hydrolysis pretreatment (THP) and anaerobic digestion (AnD), are utilized to produce cleaner, safer biosolids based on EPA classifications. Despite the phase-out of the flame retardant polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) from commercial use in the U.S., they are still present in biosolids and can be degraded to toxic byproducts during solids treatment. Their transformation during solids treatment is not well understood. This work shows that while phase-outs of PBDEs did not affect their concentrations in biosolids from the target WWTP, the implementation of THP-AnD treatment in 2014 led to increased PBDE degradation during solids treatment. This significantly lowered PBDE concentrations and shifted congener distribution to favor smaller, more toxic congeners in final biosolids compared to lime-stabilized biosolids historically produced at the target WWTP. Comparisons between the target WWTP and other AnD facilities without THP revealed that more efficient PBDE degradation occurred during THP-AnD treatment despite lower abundances of debrominating bacteria in digesters. Future work will examine if PBDE degradation during THP-AnD treatment is due to physical or biological processes.
Histological and Histochemical Description of Mesentero-Proctodeal Regions in the Striped Blister Beetle, Epicauta waterhousei (Haag-Rutenberg, 1880) (Coleoptera: Meloidae)
Creators: name: Sinlapachai SENARAT, Jes KETTRATAD
Publisher: name: Walailak University
Year: 2014
Subjects: Coleopteran, Epicauta waterhousei, Histology, Mesentero-proctodeal regions, Thailand

description: 10, 11, Walailak Journal of Science and Technology
The Difference PDF of 21-cm Fluctuations: A Powerful Statistical Tool for Probing Cosmic Reionization
Creators: name: Barkana, Rennan
name: Loeb, Abraham
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A new generation of radio telescopes are currently being built with the goal of tracing the cosmic distribution of atomic hydrogen at redshifts 6-15 through its 21-cm line. The observations will probe the large-scale brightness fluctuations sourced by ionization fluctuations during cosmic reionization. Since detailed maps will be difficult to extract due to noise and foreground emission, efforts have focused on a statistical detection of the 21-cm fluctuations. During cosmic reionization, these fluctuations are highly non-Gaussian and thus more information can be extracted than just the one-dimensional function that is usually considered, i.e., the correlation function. We calculate a two-dimensional function that if measured observationally would allow a more thorough investigation of the properties of the underlying ionizing sources. This function is the probability distribution function (PDF) of the difference in the 21-cm brightness temperature between two points, as a function of the separation between the points. While the standard correlation function is determined by a complicated mixture of contributions from density and ionization fluctuations, we show that the difference PDF holds the key to separately measuring the statistical properties of the ionized regions.
description: 11 pages, 11 figures, submitted to MNRAS
Spectrum Correction: Acoustic Scene Classification with Mismatched Recording Devices
Creators: name: Kośmider, Michał
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Sound (cs.SD)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Audio and Speech Processing (eess.AS)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: I.5.2

description: Machine learning algorithms, when trained on audio recordings from a limited set of devices, may not generalize well to samples recorded using other devices with different frequency responses. In this work, a relatively straightforward method is introduced to address this problem. Two variants of the approach are presented. First requires aligned examples from multiple devices, the second approach alleviates this requirement. This method works for both time and frequency domain representations of audio recordings. Further, a relation to standardization and Cepstral Mean Subtraction is analysed. The proposed approach becomes effective even when very few examples are provided. This method was developed during the Detection and Classification of Acoustic Scenes and Events (DCASE) 2019 challenge and won the 1st place in the scenario with mis-matched recording devices with the accuracy of 75%. Source code for the experiments can be found online.
description: 5 pages, 1 figure, published at Interspeech 2020, see https://isca-speech.org/archive/Interspeech_2020/abstracts/3088.html
DETERMINATION OF TECHNOLOGICAL PARAMETERS AND NUMERICAL INDICATORS OF RAW MATERIAL OF MORUS ALBA L
Creators: name: Velma, V.
name: Skrebtsova, K.
name: Tartynska, G.
name: Khvorost, O.
name: Lazarenko О.
Publisher: name: Norwegian Journal of Development of the International Science
Year: 2021
Subjects: Morus alba
technological parameters
numerical indicators

description: Aim. Determination of technological parameters and numerical indicators of white mulberry leaves. Results. Technological parameters of raw materials were determined: specific mass, bulk mass, volumetric mass, porisity, porosity and free volume of the layer, as well as numerical indicators (loss in mass after drying, total ash, ash insoluble in hydrochloric acid).
Differential substitutions for non-Abelian equations of KdV type
Creators: name: Adler, V. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 35Q53, 37K30, 37K35

description: We construct non-Abelian analogs for some KdV type equations, including the (rational form of) exponential Calogero--Degasperis equation and generalizations of the Schwarzian KdV equation. Equations and differential substitutions under study contain arbitrary non-Abelian parameters.
description: 10 pages
Back-Surface Passivation from the Application of Inexpensive Spray/Spin on Polymer Coatings
Creators: name: Thomson, A.
name: Kho, T.
name: Williams, P.
name: Karkkainen, A.
name: Allen, T.
name: Cuevas, A.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2012
Subjects: Wafer-Based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Silicon Solar Cell Improvements

description: 27th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 1963-1967
description: Inexpensive spray/spin-on polymer dielectric films are investigated for their suitability to passivate the
rear-surface of c-Si solar cells. A number of different Optitune polymer compositions were trialled. So far the best
material achieves SRV of 110 cm/s when applied to 0.8 Ω∙cm p-type silicon and 64 cm/s on 5 Ω∙cm n-type. Similar
films show passivation on boron diffusions which are stable after annealing at 700°C, and do not suffer degradation
when submitted to standard humidity degradation tests for 10,000 hours. We believe the passivation demonstrated
and benefits regarding improved back-surface reflections (discussed in 2CV.5.54, in this conference), make these
dielectric films an attractive option for improving existing fabrication lines. This is particularly true given the cost
benefits of spray techniques compared to PECVD or ALD technologies.
Force-clamp spectroscopy of reversible bond breakage
Creators: name: Diezemann, Gregor
name: Janshoff, Andreas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider reversible breaking of adhesion bonds or folding of proteins under the influence of a constant external force. We discuss the stochastic properties of the unbinding/rebinding events and analyze their mean number and their variance in the framework of simple two-state models. In the calculations, we exploit the analogy to single molecule fluorescence and particularly between unbinding/rebinding and photon emission events. Environmental fluctuation models are used to describe deviations from Markovian behavior. The second moment of the event-number distribution is found to be very sensitive to possible exchange processes and can thus be used to identify temporal fluctuations of the transition rates.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures
Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell Model for Prognosis
Creators: name: Detti, Abdelkader Haidar
name: Jemeï, Samir
name: Yousfi Steiner, Nadia
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: proton exchange membrane fuel cell
prognosis
fuel cell ageing
fuel cell model

description: The deployment at a large-scale of fuel cells will only occur if it is sufficiently competitive with other conventional energy generation solutions. Indeed, it is essential that these new technologies can provide acceptable performance and guarantee continuity of service for users. This involves the deployment of a

robust, fault tolerant and ageing resilient systems. Fuel cell systems, by their technology, have behaviors that are difficult to apprehend. The nonlinear nature of the phenomena, the reversible or non-reversible character of the degradations, and the interactions between components and parameters make the modeling of aging a difficult task. It is however necessary to develop a complete ageing model of a Fuel Cell system depending on the operating conditions in order to extend the lifetime of the system by setting appropriate control. Fault and degradation tolerant control, or by setting predictive maintenance. In this work, we present a mathematical model that will be used for fuel cell system prognosis, part of a global fault resilient approach.

The model developed has been validated on experimental tests.
MACROAND MICROSCOPIC RESEARCH OF ERIGERON ANNUUS
Creators: name: Golovach, A.
name: Kovalev, S.
name: Kovalev, V.
name: Demeshko, O.
Publisher: name: Norwegian Journal of Development of the International Science
Year: 2021
Subjects: morphological-anatomic structure
leaf
stem
flower
Erigeron L
Asteraceae

description: A morphological and anatomical research of samples of leaves, stems, flowers of Erigeron annuus (Erigeron annuus L.) was conducted. Macroscopic features of organs were established and their anatomical structure was determined. We also distinguished a set of microscopic diagnostic features of a leaf, flowers and stems of Erigeron annuus: structure and type of leaf, structure of flowers, structure and type of stem.
Estimates of maize plant density from UAV RGB images using Faster-RCNN detection model: impact of the spatial resolution
Creators: name: Velumani, Kaaviya
name: Lopez-Lozano, Raul
name: Madec, Simon
name: Guo, Wei
name: Gillet, Joss
name: Comar, Alexis
name: Baret, Frederic
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Early-stage plant density is an essential trait that determines the fate of a genotype under given environmental conditions and management practices. The use of RGB images taken from UAVs may replace traditional visual counting in fields with improved throughput, accuracy and access to plant localization. However, high-resolution (HR) images are required to detect small plants present at early stages. This study explores the impact of image ground sampling distance (GSD) on the performances of maize plant detection at 3-5 leaves stage using Faster-RCNN. Data collected at HR (GSD=0.3cm) over 6 contrasted sites were used for model training. Two additional sites with images acquired both at high and low (GSD=0.6cm) resolution were used for model evaluation. Results show that Faster-RCNN achieved very good plant detection and counting (rRMSE=0.08) performances when native HR images are used both for training and validation. Similarly, good performances were observed (rRMSE=0.11) when the model is trained over synthetic low-resolution (LR) images obtained by down-sampling the native training HR images, and applied to the synthetic LR validation images. Conversely, poor performances are obtained when the model is trained on a given spatial resolution and applied to another spatial resolution. Training on a mix of HR and LR images allows to get very good performances on the native HR (rRMSE=0.06) and synthetic LR (rRMSE=0.10) images. However, very low performances are still observed over the native LR images (rRMSE=0.48), mainly due to the poor quality of the native LR images. Finally, an advanced super-resolution method based on GAN (generative adversarial network) that introduces additional textural information derived from the native HR images was applied to the native LR validation images. Results show some significant improvement (rRMSE=0.22) compared to bicubic up-sampling approach.
description: 16 pages, 10 figures
Cognitive function, affective state, and somatic symptoms related to blood sugar level
Creators: name: Taylor, Lori Anne
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: In an attempt to find out whether decreased blood sugar level is associated with impaired cognitive function, adverse emotional changes, or somatic symptoms, 36 subjects who believed or suspected that they had hypoglycemia were given 5-hour glucose tolerance tests (GTTs). After each of the nine blood samples taken during the GTT, the subject's mood, performance on the Serial Sevens Test (SST), and somatic symptom reports were recorded. The subjects reported significantly more negative affect after glucose nadir (the lowest level of blood sugar reached) than before nadir, and endorsed more somatic symptoms after nadir than before nadir. SST performance deteriorated at glucose nadir. All of these effects were more pronounced for subjects with high hypoglycemic index scores than for subjects with low index scores. The index is calculated from the speed and magnitude of the decrease in blood sugar, and the absolute value of the nadir. The impairment in SST performance was greater for subjects who showed rapid decreases in blood sugar than for subjects who showed slow decreases. Dividing subjects by high and low nadirs, large and small magnitudes of decrease, and by large and small decreases below fasting level, did not reveal any differences in symptomatology. It is concluded that changes in mood, reports of somatic symptoms, and inferior performance on a mental arithmetic task are associated with lowered blood sugar levels, especially in subjects with high hypoglycemic index scores.
Al/Al2O3/PbS Nanostructure for Energy Selective Filtering in Hot Carrier Solar Cells
Creators: name: Konovalov, I.
name: Emelianov, V.
name: Yue, F.
name: May, R.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2012
Subjects: Material Studies, New Concepts and Ultra-High Efficiency
New Materials, Cells and Modules

description: 27th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 426-429
description: The paper describes experimental work towards development of hot carrier solar cells with a
traditional design, using energy selective contacts based on resonance tunneling via nanodots. We show
experimentally, that in bulk lead(II) sulfide (PbS) the temperature difference of 100 K of the electron gas vs. the
lattice temperature is achieved at light intensity comparable to about 50 000 Suns. Thin PbS films will hopefully
show hot carriers at lower light intensity in the future. We prepare energy selective contacts using porous alumina
matrix. The parameters of tunneling oxide for optimal carrier confinement and coupling in the quantum dots can be
readily measured on a macroscopic scale using impedance spectroscopy analysis and influenced by wet chemical
treatment. The deposition of PbS quantum dots is done by electrolysis in a nonaquous electrolyte. The deposited
layer of PbS structures shows luminescence in the range 1,3-2,5 m and nonlinear spectral reflection in the visible
range.
Analysis of Propane Gas Burner Experiments and FDS Simulations in a Two-Story Residential Structure with HVAC
Creators: name: Quiat, Adam
Publisher: name: Digital Repository at the University of Maryland
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Engineering

description: To further our knowledge of fire dynamics in a residential structure with a heating, venitilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) system, a series of live fire gas burner experiments were conducted and modeling simulations were completed to compare the results. 29 full-scale experiments were conducted in a single story ranch structure on a basement with fire from a single propane fed gas burner. The structure was instrumented to measure temperatures, oxygen and carbon dioxide concentrations, water vapor concentrations, and gas velocities. In addition to the full-scale experiments, six experiments were selected and modeled for comparison. A numerical simulation program, known as a Fire Dynamics Simulator (FDS) (version 6.7.10), was used to complete the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) calculations. The FDS HVAC submodel was incorporated into the modeled experiments to compare how heat and fire gases transversed the modeled HVAC system as compared to the experimental results. Results from experimental and simulated data showed that heat and fire gases were transferred through the HVAC system during the experiments. Comparison of simulation data to the experimental data showed that FDS over predicted heat transfer through the HVAC system. However, there was sufficient agreement between data points to support FDS modeling as a more severe set of outcomes in the event of a fire.
Ideal Combination of Wire Diameter and SiC-Grain Size in the Multi Wire Sawing Process
Creators: name: Meißner, D.
name: Hurka, B.
name: Rietzschel, R.
name: Möller, H.J.
name: Anspach, O.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2012
Subjects: Wafer-Based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Silicon Feedstock, Crystallisation and Wafering

description: 27th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 1076-1079
description: The influence of the wire diameter in a multi wire saw on the cutting performance of five different
sized SiC grains is investigated. In a first step, the forces during the wire sawing process were studied in a single wire
setup. Especially the vertical force as a function of the ratio between table forward and wire speed is used to rate the
cutting performance. In these experiments 16 combinations of wire diameter and grain size were evaluated. Selected
wafers were analyzed regarding the surface roughness showing also the influence of both grain size and wire
diameter.
Three production tests varying grain size and wire diameter within the range of the first experiments were performed
in a second step. For each test approximately 50 000 wafers were analyzed.
The results clearly show a perfect match between wire diameter and the grain size of SiC slurries: Smaller particles
are cutting more efficiently with thinner wires and bigger particles with thicker wire.
MODERN TECHNOLOGIES OF PERSONAL OSTEOSYNTHESIS IN PROVIDING QUALIFIED MEDICAL CARE FOR CHILDREN AFFECTED IN ACCIDENT WITH SKELETAL INJURY
Creators: name: Skvortsov, A.
name: Khabibyanov, R.
name: Maleev, M.
Publisher: name: Norwegian Journal of Development of the International Science
Year: 2021
Subjects: skeletal injury
surgical treatment

description: The paper presents an analysis of injuries in children injured in road traffic accidents. The principles of sur-gical treatment of skeletal trauma and the results are analyzed. We have developed our own version of the surgical treatment of such injuries. We analyzed our own clinical observations. It was concluded that the use of various types of transosseous osteosynthesis (wire, rod, wire-rod) in the treatment of injured children and adolescents is the most justified not only in terms of low trauma, speed of implementation, but is, in fact, the only method in the treatment of combined limb lesions, as it makes it possible to synthesize any segment of the limb, with the ability to control bone fragments at any stage of treatment.
Role of CuO chains in vortex core structure in YBa2Cu3O{7-delta}
Creators: name: Atkinson, W. A.
name: Sonier, J. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Bogoliubov-deGennes equations are solved for a proximity model for YBa_2Cu_3O_{7-δ} in a magnetic field. The model explicitly includes the effects of the one-dimensional CuO chains, whose influence on the vortex core structure is studied. The rapid vortex core contraction as a function of field which is seen experimentally at low magnetic fields is naturally explained by the presence of the chains.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures
Study of Dependence of Kinetic Freezeout Temperature on the Production Cross Section of Particles in Various Centrality Intervals in Au Au and Pb Pb Collisions at High Energies
Creators: name: Waqas, M.
name: Peng, G. X.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Transverse momentum spectra of pion, proton, lambda, cascade, Omega and deuteron (d) in different centrality intervals in nucleus nucleus collisions at the center of mass energy are analyzed by the blast wave model with Boltzmann Gibbs statistics. We extracted the kinetic freezeout temperature, transverse flow velocity and kinetic freezeout volume from the transverse momentum spectra of the particles. It is observed that the non-strange and strange (multi strange) particles freezeout separately due to different reaction cross-sections. While the freezeout volume and transverse flow velocity are mass dependent, they decrease with the resting mass of the particles. The present work reveals the scenario of a double kinetic freezeout in nucleus nucleus collisions. Furthermore, the kinetic freezeout temperature and freezeout volume are larger in central collisions than peripheral collisions. However, the transverse flow velocity remains almost unchanged from central to peripheral collisions.
Success Possibilities of Grid Parity in Particular Cases in the New Spanish Regulatory Framework
Creators: name: Valle García, A.
name: Muñoz-García, M.A.
name: Moreda, G.P.
name: Chenlo, F.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2012
Subjects: PV - a Major Electricity Source
Markets

description: 27th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 4513-4516
description: During the last 10 years the Spanish photovoltaic market has experienced one of the most important
increases worldwide. The continuous raise on the price of the electricity in Spain, as in other European countries,
USA and Japan, as well as the decrease of the cost of solar photovoltaic systems along this decade is opening a new
way to reach grid parity point in some particular scenarios. A new Spanish legislation is being performed toward selfconsumption,
and it is in this new context where the grid parity in a wide sense could be achieved.
This work will study different cases in Spain, in order to determine whether grid parity would be possible along 2012.
A two-year intercomparison of CW focusing wind lidar and tall mast wind measurements at Cabauw
Creators: name: Knoop, Steven
name: Bosveld, Fred
name: de Haij, Marijn
name: Apituley, Arnoud
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A two-year measurement campaign of the ZephIR 300 vertical profiling continuous-wave (CW) focusing wind lidar has been carried out by the Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute (KNMI) at the Cabauw site. We focus on the (height-dependent) data availability of the wind lidar under various meteorological conditions and the data quality through a comparison with in situ wind measurements at several levels in the 213-m tall meteorological mast. We find an overall availability of quality controlled wind lidar data of 97 % to 98 %, where the missing part is mainly due to precipitation events exceeding 1 mm/h or fog or low clouds below 100 m. The mean bias in the horizontal wind speed is within 0.1 m/s with a high correlation between the mast and wind lidar measurements, although under some specific conditions (very high wind speed, fog or low clouds) larger deviations are observed. The mean bias in the wind direction is within 2 degrees, which is on the same order as the combined uncertainty in the alignment of the wind lidars and the mast wind vanes. The well-known 180 degree error in the wind direction output for this type of instrument occurs about 9 % of the time. A correction scheme based on data of an auxiliary wind vane at a height of 10 m is applied, leading to a reduction of the 180 degree error below 2 %. This scheme can be applied in real-time applications in case a nearby, freely exposed, mast with wind direction measurements at a single height is available.
description: 26 pages, 18 figures
ON THE POSSIBILITY OF GENERATING "ZEBRA" STRUCTURES DURING THE DEVELOPMENT OF EXPLOSIVE INSTABILITY IN THE ATMOSPHERE OF A PULSAR
Creators: name: Fomichev, V.
name: Fainshtein S.
name: Chernov, G.
Publisher: name: Norwegian Journal of Development of the International Science
Year: 2021
Subjects: generating "zebra"
development of explosive instability

description: The nature of the “zebra” structure in radio bursts of the pulsar in the Crab Nebula is discussed. The possibility of explosive instability realization in the non-isothermal plasma relativistic proton flux system is considered. The explosive instability mechanism works at high magnetic fields, and the bands in radio emission appear as a result of the scattering of the harmonics of ion-acoustic waves by fast protons. Estimates of the amplitudes of the har-monics of the Langmuir frequency of ions are given. Some differences in the ZP bands in different radio bursts can be associated with different degrees of plasma non-isothermality.
Ordering ambiguity versus representation
Creators: name: Dutra, Alvaro de Souza
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work we show that the ordering ambiguity on quantization depends on the representation choice. This property is then used to solve unambiguously some particular systems. Finally, we speculate on the consequences for more involved cases.
description: 8 pages, no figures
Student Experiences with Diversity and Inclusion in Technology Design Courses
Creators: name: Fitzgerald, Shannon Lenise
Publisher: name: Digital Repository at the University of Maryland
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Information science
subject: Computer science
subject: Multicultural education
subject: Classroom Interventions
subject: Diversity and Inclusion
subject: Education
subject: Implicit Bias
subject: Technology Design

description: Technology design education does not yet teach students how to effectively avoid embedding their unconscious social and cultural biases into artifacts they design and build, despite widespread critical examination of the social impact of technology. Unintended consequences that exclude or discriminate against people as they use technology reflect an inability to acknowledge diversity and inclusion topics as integral to technology design. Through a national survey, this exploratory study examined the attitudes of 115 students studying Computer Science, Information Science, User-Centered-Design and related disciplines, yielding insights into their classroom experiences; receptiveness to and concerns about engaging in discussions of equity, diversity and inclusion; and interest in addressing these issues in their own designs. These findings inform a set of proposed curricular interventions that incorporate ethics, equity, and bias into technology design courses as a supplement to traditional lectures introducing basic diversity and inclusion concepts.