cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Incremental Mechanism Design
Creators: name: Conitzer, Vincent
name: Sandholm, Tuomas W
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: 89999 Information and Computing Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Mechanism design has traditionally focused almost exclusively on the design of truthful mechanisms. There are several drawbacks to this: 1. in certain
settings (e.g. voting settings), no desirable strategyproof mechanisms exist; 2. truthful mechanisms are unable to take advantage of the fact that computationally bounded agents may not be able to ﬁnd the best manipulation, and 3. when designing mechanisms automatically, this approach leads to constrained optimization problems for which current techniques do not scale to very large instances. In this paper, we suggest an entirely different approach: we start with a na¨ıve (manipulable) mechanism, and incrementally make it more strategyproof over a sequence of iterations. We give examples of mechanisms that (variants of) our approach generate, including the VCG mechanism in general settings with payments, and the plurality-with-runoff voting rule. We also provide several basic algorithms for automatically executing our approach in general settings. Finally, we discuss how computationally hard it is for agents to ﬁnd any remaining beneﬁcial manipulation.
Josse Eechman
Creators: name: Plouvain, Pierre-Antoine-Samuel-Joseph (1754-1832)
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2017
Subjects: Officier de justice d'Ancien Régime

description: Source: http://www.sudoc.fr/080675700
description: Coverage: Parlement de Flandre
Non-conformal holographic Gauss-Bonnet hydrodynamics
Creators: name: Buchel, Alex
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study hydrodynamics of four-dimensional non-conformal holographic plasma with non-equal central charges $c\ne a$ at the ultraviolet fixed point. We compute equation of state, the speed of sound waves, transport coefficients (shear and bulk viscosities), and discuss causality. We study the asymptotic character of the hydrodynamic series for the homogeneous and isotropic expansion of the plasma. We perform computations for finite $c-a\ne 0$, but to leading nonvanishing order in the conformal symmetry breaking coupling.
description: 25 pages, 10 figures; v2: references added
title: ADCO, Grènetier de Cîteaux : comptes (1499-1503) (11 H 1173), f. 00092
Creators: name: de la Côte-d'Or, Archives départementales
name: Archives Départementales De La Côte-D'Or
name: Petot, Frédérique
name: Projet CBMA
name: CBMA/CG21/F.PETOT/2019
name: Petot, Frédéric
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi
subject: Chartes de la Bourgogne du Moyen Âge
subject: comptes
subject: LaMOP
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris

description: Grènetier de Cîteaux : comptes (1499-1503), Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, (11 H 1173). Numérisation en mode image.
description: Relation: http://www.cbma-project.eu/
description: Bibliographic citation: Grènetier de Cîteaux : comptes (1499-1503), Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, (11 H 1173), f. 00092, in Projet CBMA - Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi [Ressource en ligne], https://manuscrits.cbma-project.eu/
description: Provenance: abbaye de Cîteaux
description: Provenance: http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q843261
description: Provenance: https://www.geonames.org/3024876
description: Provenance: http://www.idref.fr/030974844/id
description: Provenance: https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12228351v
Direct observation of double valence-band extrema and anisotropic effective masses of the thermoelectric material SnSe
Creators: name: Nagayama, T.
name: Terashima, K.
name: Wakita, T.
name: Fujiwara, H.
name: Fukura, T.
name: Yano, Y.
name: Ono, K.
name: Kumigashira, H.
name: Ogiso, O.
name: Yamashita, A.
name: Takano, Y.
name: Mori, H.
name: Usui, H.
name: Ochi, M.
name: Kuroki, K.
name: Muraoka, Y.
name: Yokoya, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Synchrotron-based angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy is used to determine the electronic structure of layered SnSe, which was recently turned out to be a potential thermoelectric material. We observe that the top of the valence band consists of two nearly independent hole bands, whose tops differ by ~20 meV in energy, indicating the necessity of a multivalley model to describe the thermoelectric properties. The estimated effective masses are anisotropic, with in-plane values of 0.16-0.39 m$_0$ and an out-of-plane value of 0.71 m$_0$, where m$_0$ is the rest electron mass. Information of the electronic structure is essential to further enhance the thermoelectric performance of hole-doped SnSe.
description: 14 pages including 2 figures + 2 pages of supplementary data
Is global asymptotic cloning state estimation?
Creators: name: Yang, Yuxiang
name: Chiribella, Giulio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We pose the question whether the asymptotic equivalence between quantum cloning and quantum state estimation, valid at single-copy level, still holds when all the copies are examined jointly. For an N-to-M cloner, we consider the overall fidelity between the state of the M output systems and the state of M ideal copies, and we ask whether the optimal fidelity is attained by a measure-and- prepare protocol in the limit of large M. In order to gain intuition into the general problem, we analyze two concrete examples: i) cloning qubit states on the equator of the Bloch sphere and ii) cloning two-qubit maximally entangled states. In the first case, we show that the optimal measure-and- prepare fidelity converges to the fidelity of the optimal cloner in the limit of large M. In the second case, we restrict our attention to economical covariant cloners, and again, we exhibit a measure- and-prepare protocol that achieves asymptotically the optimal fidelity. Quite counterintuitively, in both cases the optimal states that have to be prepared in order to maximize the overall fidelity are not product states corresponding to M identical copies, but instead suitable M-partite entangled states: the simple protocol where one estimates the input state and re-prepares M identical copies of the estimated state is strictly suboptimal, even in the asymptotic limit.
description: 16 pages, no figures, Proceedings of the 8th Conference on the Theory of Quantum Computation, Communication and Cryptography (TQC 2013), S. Severini and F. Brandao eds. Largely extended by arXiv:1404.0990
Common Occurrence of Explosive Hydrogen Burning in Type II Supernovae
Creators: name: Liu, Nan
name: Stephan, Thomas
name: Boehnke, Patrick
name: Nittler, Larry R.
name: Meyer, Bradley S.
name: Alexander, Conel M. O'D.
name: Davis, Andrew M.
name: Trappitsch, Reto
name: Pellin, Michael J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report Mo isotopic data for 16 15N-rich presolar SiC grains of type AB (14N/15Nsolar), thus providing further support to the division of the two AB subgroups recently proposed by Liu et al. (2017a), who showed that AB1 grains most likely originated from Type II supernovae (SNe) with explosive H burning. Comparison of the Sr, Mo, and Ba isotopic compositions of the AB1 grains with SN model predictions indicates that the s-process isotopic compositions of AB1 grains resulted from neutron-capture processes occurring during the progenitor massive stars' pre-SN evolution rather than from an explosive neutron-capture process. In addition, the observations of (1) explosive H burning occurring in the C-rich regions of the progenitor SNe of SN X grains as suggested by the isotopic compositions of X grains, and (2) explosive H burning occurring both at the bottom of the He/C zone and at the top of the He/N zone as suggested by model simulations, imply that explosive H burning is a common phenomenon in outer SN zones.
description: ApJ, in press
Additional file 1 of Inverted base composition skews and discontinuous mitochondrial genome architecture evolution in the Enoplea (Nematoda)
Creators: name: Zou, Hong
name: Chen, Fang-Lin
name: Li, Wen-Xiang
name: Li, Ming
name: Lei, Hong-Peng
name: Zhang, Dong
name: Jakovlić, Ivan
name: Wang, Gui-Tang
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1.
STEAM: A Hierarchical Co-Simulation Framework for Superconducting Accelerator Magnet Circuits
Creators: name: Bortot, Lorenzo
name: Auchmann, Bernhard
name: Garcia, Idoia Cortes
name: Navarro, Alejando M. Fernando
name: Maciejewski, Michał
name: Mentink, Matthias
name: Prioli, Marco
name: Ravaioli, Emmanuele
name: Schöps, Sebastian
name: Verweij, Arjan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science (cs.CE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: F.2.1; I.6.3; J.2
subject: 78M10, 94C99, 74F15

description: Simulating the transient effects occurring in superconducting accelerator magnet circuits requires including the mutual electro-thermo-dynamic interaction among the circuit elements, such as power converters, magnets, and protection systems. Nevertheless, the numerical analysis is traditionally done separately for each element in the circuit, leading to possible non-consistent results. We present STEAM, a hierarchical co-simulation framework featuring the waveform relaxation method. The framework simulates a complex system as a composition of simpler, independent models that exchange information. The convergence of the coupling algorithm ensures the consistency of the solution. The modularity of the framework allows integrating models developed with both proprietary and in-house tools. The framework implements a user-customizable hierarchical algorithm to schedule how models participate to the co-simulation, for the purpose of using computational resources efficiently. As a case study, a quench scenario is co-simulated for the inner triplet circuit for the High Luminosity upgrade of the LHC at CERN.
description: 7 pages, 14 figures
Incremental MapReduce Computations
Creators: name: Bhatotia, Pramod
name: Wieder, Alexander
name: Acar, Umut A.
name: Rodrigues, Rodrigo
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: 89999 Information and Computing Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Distributed processing of large data sets is an area that received much attention from researchers and practitioners over the last few years. In this context, several proposals exist that leverage the observation that data sets evolve over time, and as such there is often a substantial overlap between the input to consecutive runs of a data processing job. This allows the programmers of these systems to devise an efficient logic to update the output upon an input change. However, most of these systems lack compatibility existing models and require the programmer to implement an application-specific dynamic algorithm, which increases algorithm and code complexity. In this chapter, we describe our previous work on building a platform called Incoop, which allows for running MapReduce computations incrementally and transparently. Incoop detects changes between two files that are used as inputs to consecutive MapReduce jobs, and efficiently propagates those changes until the new output is produced. The design of Incoop is based on memoizing the results of previously run tasks, and reusing these results whenever possible. Doing this efficiently introduces several technical challenges that are overcome with novel concepts, such as a large-scale storage system that efficiently computes deltas between two inputs, a Contraction phase to break up the work of the Reduce phase, and an affinitybased scheduling algorithm. This chapter presents the motivation and design of Incoop, as well as a complete evaluation using several application benchmarks. Our results show significant performance improvements without changing a single line of application code
A General Framework for Updating Belief Distributions
Creators: name: Bissiri, Pier Giovanni
name: Holmes, Chris
name: Walker, Stephen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We propose a framework for general Bayesian inference. We argue that a valid update of a prior belief distribution to a posterior can be made for parameters which are connected to observations through a loss function rather than the traditional likelihood function, which is recovered under the special case of using self information loss. Modern application areas make it is increasingly challenging for Bayesians to attempt to model the true data generating mechanism. Moreover, when the object of interest is low dimensional, such as a mean or median, it is cumbersome to have to achieve this via a complete model for the whole data distribution. More importantly, there are settings where the parameter of interest does not directly index a family of density functions and thus the Bayesian approach to learning about such parameters is currently regarded as problematic. Our proposed framework uses loss-functions to connect information in the data to functionals of interest. The updating of beliefs then follows from a decision theoretic approach involving cumulative loss functions. Importantly, the procedure coincides with Bayesian updating when a true likelihood is known, yet provides coherent subjective inference in much more general settings. Connections to other inference frameworks are highlighted.
description: This is the pre-peer reviewed version of the article "A General Framework for Updating Belief Distributions", which has been accepted for publication in the Journal of Statistical Society - Series B. This article may be used for non-commercial purposes in accordance with Wiley Terms and Conditions for Self-Archiving
Incremental detection of text on road signs
Creators: name: Wu, Wen
name: Xilin  Chen
name: Yang, Jie
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: 89999 Information and Computing Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Abstract: "This paper presents a framework for incremental detection of text from road signs. The approach efficiently incorporates tracking and detection mechanisms into the same framework. The proposed approach first finds a set of discriminative feature points and clusters them into different regions. We then select candidate sign planes by a combination of color and vertical plane models. Within detected road sign planes, the framework selects candidate text regions again base [sic] on feature points. The feature points serve a dual purpose: correspondence for tracking if text has been detected in the region and cues of candidate regions for text detection. The framework further verifies candidate text regions using more sophisticated features. Once a text region is confirmed, the tracking algorithm will continuously track the region. The text region grows as more text around it is detected from frame to frame. Experimental results have demonstrated the feasibility of the proposed framework in incrementally detecting text on road signs over the time from video sequences captured from a moving vehicle."
The ionizing source of the bipolar HII region S106: a close massive binary
Creators: name: Comerón, F.
name: Schneider, N.
name: Djupvik, A. A.
name: Schnugg, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: S106 is one of the best known bipolar HII regions, thoroughly studied and modelled at infrared, submillimeter and millimeter wavelengths, and it is one of the nearest examples of the late stages of massive star formation in which the newly formed star that ionizes it is still surrounded by vast amounts of gas and dust. However, little is known about its heavily obscured central source, S106IR. The possible binarity of the central source is investigated, which is considered to be likely given the high binarity fraction among massive stars. We have carried out visible and near-infrared photometric monitoring looking for short-term variability, with special interest in that related to the presence of a close binary companion to S106IR that may produce periodic eclipses or tidal distortion of the shape of the members of the system. A periodic variability of S106IR in the J band is found with a period of 5.0 days and an amplitude of about 0.1 mag. The light curve displays a slow rise from minimum to maximum followed by a steep decrease, and can be well reproduced by a close binary system composed of two stars with different luminosity orbiting each other in an elliptical orbit of moderate eccentricity. S106IR also shows hints of short-term variability possibly related to accretion. We also report variability of four other stars previously classified as members of the S106 cluster, all of which are strong X-ray emitters. The newly discovered close binarity of S106IR adds a new element to the modeling of the nebula and to the understanding of the dynamics of the gas around the ionizing source, which suggests that the components of the binary are accreting via a circumbinary disk. Binarity also helps to explain the apparent mismatch between the spectral type of the ionizing source inferred from the nebular spectrum and its high brightness at near-infrared wavelengths.
description: Accepted for publication in Astronomy and Astrophysics
Energy-Momentum Distribution of the Weyl-Lewis-Papapetrou and the Levi-Civita Metrics
Creators: name: Sharif, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper is devoted to compute the energy-momentum densities for two exact solutions of the Einstein field equations by using the prescriptions of Einstein, Landau-Lifshitz, Papapetrou and Möller. The spacetimes under consideration are the Weyl-Lewis-Papapetrou and the Levi-Civita metrics. The Weyl metric becomes the special case of the Weyl-Lewis-Papapetrou solution. The Levi-Civita metric provides constant momentum in each prescription with different energy density. The Weyl-Lewis-Papapetrou metric yields all the quantities different in each prescription. These differences support the well-defined proposal developed by Cooperstock and from the energy-momentum tensor itself.
description: 17 pages, accepted for publication in Brazilian J. Physics
Stabilization of Nonlinear Lattices: A Route to Superfluidity and Hysteresis
Creators: name: Watanabe, Gentaro
name: Zhang, Yongping
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Bloch states of a Bose-Einstein condensates (BECs) in pure nonlinear lattices (NLs) are dynamically unstable, so that they cannot show superfluidity. We overcome this problem by finding that the two-component BECs in NLs can be stabilized by the coherent linear coupling. Furthermore, in the limit of the strong coherent coupling, the lowest Bloch band in the whole Brillouin zone can be dynamically stable. We also find a hysteretic behavior with loop-like structure in the Bloch band resembling the so-called "swallowtail" loop. The dynamical stabilization and hysteretic behavior can be observed in experiments by current technology.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
title: ADCO, Sixième cartulaire de Saint-Étienne de Dijon (1662), Cart. 30 (G 133), 441 folios, f. 301
Creators: name: de la Côte d'Or, Archives départementales
name: Archives Départementales De La Côte-D'Or
name: Petot, Frédérique
name: Projet CBMA
name: CG21/F.PETOT/2012
name: Petot, Frédéric
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi
subject: Chartes de la Bourgogne du Moyen Âge
subject: cartulaire
subject: LaMOP
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris

description: Sixième cartulaire de Saint-Étienne de Dijon (1662), Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, Cart. 30 (G 133), 441 folios, f. 301, Numérisation en mode image.
description: Relation: http://www.cbma-project.eu/
description: Bibliographic citation: Sixième cartulaire de Saint-Étienne de Dijon (1662), Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, Cart. 30 (G 133), 441 folios, f. 301, in Projet CBMA - Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi [Ressource en ligne], https://manuscrits.cbma-project.eu/
description: Provenance: abbaye Saint-Étienne de Dijon
description: Provenance: http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q15945019
Nanoscale electrical conductivity imaging using a nitrogen-vacancy center in diamond
Creators: name: Ariyaratne, Amila
name: Bluvstein, Dolev
name: Myers, Bryan A.
name: Jayich, Ania C. Bleszynski
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The electrical conductivity of a material can feature subtle, nontrivial, and spatially-varying signatures with critical insight into the material's underlying physics. Here we demonstrate a conductivity imaging technique based on the atom-sized nitrogen-vacancy (NV) defect in diamond that offers local, quantitative, and noninvasive conductivity imaging with nanoscale spatial resolution. We monitor the spin relaxation rate of a single NV center in a scanning probe geometry to quantitatively image the magnetic fluctuations produced by thermal electron motion in nanopatterned metallic conductors. We achieve 40-nm scale spatial resolution of the conductivity and realize a 25-fold increase in imaging speed by implementing spin-to-charge conversion readout of a shallow NV center. NV-based conductivity imaging can probe condensed-matter systems in a new regime, and as a model example, we project readily achievable imaging of nanoscale phase separation in complex oxides.
description: Supplementary information at end
Incremental acquisition of a three-dimensional scene model from images
Creators: name: Herman, Martin
name: Kanade, Takeo
name: Kuroe, Shigeru
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: 89999 Information and Computing Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Computer Science Department
Self-Avoiding Walk on the square site-diluted Ising-correlated lattice
Creators: name: Cheraghalizadeh, J.
name: Najafi, M. N.
name: Mohammadzadeh, H.
name: Saber, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The self-avoiding walk on the square site-diluted correlated percolation lattice is considered. The Ising model is employed to realize the spatial correlations of the metric space. As a well-accepted result, the (generalized) Flory's mean field relation is tested to measure the effect of correlation. After exploring a perturbative Fokker-Planck-like equation, we apply an enriched Rosenbluth Monte Carlo method to study the problem. To be more precise, the winding angel analysis is also performed from which the diffusivity parameter of Schramm-Loewner evolution (SLE) theory ($κ$) is extracted. We find that at the critical Ising (host) system the exponents are in agreement with the Flory's approximation. For the off-critical Ising system we find also a new behavior for the fractal dimension of the walker trace in terms of the correlation length of the Ising system $ξ(T)$, i.e. $D_F^{\text{SAW}}(T)-D_F^{\text{SAW}}(T_c)\sim \frac{1}{\sqrt{ξ(T)}}$.
title: Navigating the second-year landscape
title: How student nurses construct an identity and engage with knowledge in the second year of an undergraduate degree
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Connor, Karen
Publisher: name: Lancaster University
Year: 2021

description: This thesis focuses on the second year of the undergraduate degree in nursing and how student nurses navigate the contexts of both higher education (HE) and clinical practice environments. In recent years there has been an increasing interest in the second year of study, however most studies have focused on academic grades and performance and the HE environment, with a general lack of research in nurse education and the clinical learning environment. Using a qualitative longitudinal design and a sample of eleven pre-registration nurses who were enrolled in one higher education institution (HEI) in the United Kingdom (UK), data were generated and analysed at three points during the students second year of study. A constructivist grounded theory methodology informed the study, enabling an examination of the social learning environments students engage with and the contextualised processes involved. Data analysis uncovered two identifiable processes: constructing a nursing identity and engaging with knowledge, and these were further examined using two theoretical perspectives. Firstly, symbolic interactionism which helped explain how students act in different situations and why, based on the meanings they ascribe to those situations; secondly social realism which enabled an exploration of the social conditions underpinning knowledge and how knowledge is structured in the curriculum and pedagogic practices. The outcomes of the study indicate a second-year experience whereby students are required to negotiate a landscape in which identity and knowledge are: ingrained in disciplinary situated practices; influenced and constrained by context; shaped by common understandings and expectations embedded in learning environments; and conveyed in implicit and explicit discourses. The study contributes to knowledge by providing an insight into how students experience the second-year journey, how they transition between different learning contexts and the symbolic resources they utilise to make sense of different situations.
The largest sample eigenvalue distribution in the rank 1 quaternionic spiked model of Wishart ensemble
Creators: name: Wang, Dong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 15A52, 41A60 (Primary), 60F99 (Secondary)

description: We solve the largest sample eigenvalue distribution problem in the rank 1 spiked model of the quaternionic Wishart ensemble, which is the first case of a statistical generalization of the Laguerre symplectic ensemble (LSE) on the soft edge. We observe a phase change phenomenon similar to that in the complex case, and prove that the new distribution at the phase change point is the GOE Tracy--Widom distribution.
description: Published in at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/08-AOP432 the Annals of Probability (http://www.imstat.org/aop/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
Quantum state estimation with unknown measurements
Creators: name: Cooper, Merlin
name: Karpinski, Michal
name: Smith, Brian J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Improved measurement techniques are central to technological development and foundational scientific exploration. Quantum optics relies upon detectors sensitive to non-classical features of light, enabling precise tests of physical laws and quantum-enhanced technologies such as precision measurement and secure communications. Accurate detector response calibration for quantum-scale inputs is key to future research and development in these cognate areas. To address this requirement quantum detector tomography (QDT) has been recently introduced. However, the QDT approach becomes increasingly challenging as the complexity of the detector response and input space grows. Here we present the first experimental implementation of a versatile alternative characterization technique to address many-outcome quantum detectors by limiting the input calibration region. To demonstrate the applicability of this approach the calibrated detector is subsequently used to estimate non-classical photon number states.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures
Conformal symmetry breaking on differential forms and some applications
Creators: name: Kobayashi, Toshiyuki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Rapid progress has been made recently on symmetry breaking operators for real reductive groups. Based on Program A-C for branching problems (T.Kobayashi [Progr.Math.2015]), we illustrate a scheme of the classification of (local and nonlocal) symmetry breaking operators by an example of conformal representations on differential forms on the model space $(X,Y)=(S^n, S^{n-1})$, which generalizes the scalar case (Kobayashi--Speh [Memoirs of Amer.Math.Soc. 2015]) and the case of local operators (Kobayashi--Kubo--Pevzner [Lecture Notes in Math. 2016]). Some applications to automorphic form theory, motivations from conformal geometry, and the methods of proof are also discussed.
Assortative mixing in Protein Contact Networks and protein folding kinetics
Creators: name: Bagler, Ganesh
name: Sinha, Somdatta
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Molecular Networks (q-bio.MN)
subject: Biomolecules (q-bio.BM)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Starting from linear chains of amino acids, the spontaneous folding of proteins into their elaborate three-dimensional structures is one of the remarkable examples of biological self-organization. We investigated native state structures of 30 single-domain, two-state proteins, from complex networks perspective, to understand the role of topological parameters in proteins' folding kinetics, at two length scales-- as ``Protein Contact Networks (PCNs)'' and their corresponding ``Long-range Interaction Networks (LINs)'' constructed by ignoring the short-range interactions. Our results show that, both PCNs and LINs exhibit the exceptional topological property of ``assortative mixing'' that is absent in all other biological and technological networks studied so far. We show that the degree distribution of these contact networks is partly responsible for the observed assortativity. The coefficient of assortativity also shows a positive correlation with the rate of protein folding at both short and long contact scale, whereas, the clustering coefficients of only the LINs exhibit a negative correlation. The results indicate that the general topological parameters of these naturally-evolved protein networks can effectively represent the structural and functional properties required for fast information transfer among the residues facilitating biochemical/kinetic functions, such as, allostery, stability, and the rate of folding.
description: Published in Bioinformatics
Coding semantic categories cross-linguistically - a challenge for typological research
Creators: name: Von Stutterheim, Christiane
Publisher: name: Heidelberg University Papers on Language & Cognition
Year: 2021

description: The goal of the paper is to provide a guide for dealing with challenges which occur when dealing with multilingual data at the semantic level. Three dilemmas are pointed out which relate a) to decisions on the size of coding units, b) to the integration of parts of meaning deduced from inference and c) to the diversity of theoretical categories used for describing semantic concepts. Problems and possible solutions are illustrated by looking at two semantic domains: space and time. Recent cross-linguistic studies on spatial and temporal categories are taken as examples for suggesting a four step model for multilingual coding.
description: Heidelberg University Papers on Language & Cognition, Vol. 2 No. 1 (2021)
Incorporating Timing Constraints in the Efficient Memory Model for Symbolic Ternary Simulation
Creators: name: Velev, Miroslav N
name: Bryant, Randal E.
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 1986
Subjects: subject: 89999 Information and Computing Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper introduces the four timing constraints of setup time, hold time, minimum delay, and maximum delay in the efficient memory model (EMM). The EMM is a behavioral model, where the number of symbolic variables used to characterize the initial state of the memory is proportional to the number of distinct symbolic memory locations accessed. The behavioral model provides a conservative approximation of the replaced memory array, while allowing the address and control inputs of the memory to accept symbolic ternary values. If a circuit has been formally verified with the behavioral model, the system is guaranteed to function correctly with any memory implementation whose timing parameters are bounded by the ones used in the verification
Dynamic Event Types in Frame Semantics: The Representation of Change in FAMEu
Creators: name: Herweg, Michael
Publisher: name: Heidelberg University Papers on Language & Cognition
Year: 2021

description: This paper outlines an approach to representing concepts for dynamic situations in a frame-semantic format, using the example of motion verbs and their directional complements. It has been noted in recent research that traditional frames do not properly represent concepts that involve an element of change. A key ingredient of the present proposal is the notion of a phase array from phase-theoretical semantics as an additional frame attribute. A phase array serves to represent the internal temporal set-up of the situation described by a motion expression, as it is determined by the aspectual class of the verb and its projections. The components of the phase array are in turn interpreted using notions from dynamic logic. In this way, the frame receives a dynamic foundation which reflects different kinds of changes expressed by motion verbs and their directional complements. Building on that, a basic type system for motion verbs is introduced, augmented with some further differentiations of types of manner of motion. The paper is rounded off with three brief case studies from typologically diverse languages, namely Russian, French and Korean.
description: Heidelberg University Papers on Language & Cognition, Vol. 2 No. 1 (2021)
Time-delayed coincidence technique for subnatural-width spectroscopy as an interference phenomenon
Creators: name: Shakhmuratov, R. N.
name: Vagizov, F. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Single photon, emitted in a transition between two states, has a frequency distribution of intensity, which is given by Lorentzian if the transition is only naturally broadened and the period of observation $T$ is long compared to the lifetime $T_{1}$ of the excited state. However, when the observation time $T$ is short or comparable to $T_{1}$, the frequency spectrum is appreciably broadened. If only the delayed part of the emitted radiation field is detected, then the radiation spectrum does not change. However, if the radiation field is transmitted through a resonant absorber and then detected, the absorption/transmission spectrum of the delayed radiation field is narrowed. We show that this narrowing is due to the interference of the spectral components of the field. Experimental spectra of absorption of Mössbauer radiation, obtained by coincidence technique, confirm this conclusion.
description: 27 pages, 13 figures
Additional file 1 of Highly sensitive Curcumin-conjugated nanotheranostic platform for detecting amyloid-beta plaques by magnetic resonance imaging and reversing cognitive deficits of Alzheimer's disease via NLRP3-inhibition
Creators: name: Ruan, Yuting
name: Xiong, Ying
name: Fang, Wenli
name: Yu, Qun
name: Mai, Yingren
name: Cao, Zhiyu
name: Wang, Kexi
name: Lei, Ming
name: Xu, Jiaxin
name: Liu, Yan
name: Zhang, Xingcai
name: Liao, Wang
name: Liu, Jun
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biophysics
Biochemistry
Space Science
Cell Biology
Neuroscience
Biotechnology
Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
Information Systems not elsewhere classified
Cancer

description: Additional file 1. Additional Figures and Tables.
How hadron collider experiments contributed to the development of QCD: from hard-scattering to the perfect liquid
Creators: name: Tannenbaum, M. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A revolution in elementary particle physics occurred during the period from the ICHEP1968 to the ICHEP1982 with the advent of the parton model from discoveries in Deeply Inelastic electron-proton Scattering at SLAC, neutrino experiments, hard-scattering observed in p$+$p collisions at the CERN ISR, the development of QCD, the discovery of the J/$Ψ$ at BNL and SLAC and the clear observation of high transverse momentum jets at the CERN SPS $\bar{p}+p$ collider. These and other discoveries in this period led to the acceptance of QCD as the theory of the strong interactions. The desire to understand nuclear physics at high density such as in neutron stars led to the application of QCD to this problem and to the prediction of a Quark-Gluon Plasma (QGP) in nuclei at high energy density and temperatures. This eventually led to the construction of the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) at BNL to observe superdense nuclear matter in the laboratory. This article discusses how experimental methods and results which confirmed QCD at the first hadron collider, the CERN ISR, played an important role in experiments at the first heavy ion collider, RHIC, leading to the discovery of the QGP as a perfect liquid as well as discoveries at RHIC and the LHC which continue to the present day.
description: 63 pages, 45 figures, accepted for publication in The European Physical Journal H
Kinematics of CMEs and associated shock waves as deduced from LASCO data: comparative analysis
Creators: name: Fainshtein, V. G.
name: Egorov, Ya. I.
name: Zagainova, Yu. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: From data by LASCO C2 and C3 coronagraphs, depending on time (distance), we have determined positions and velocities of the front for fast limb CMEs' body with their sources near the limb, and for the body of halo-type CME with the sources near the solar disk center. These characteristics of CME body are compared to similar kinematic characteristics obtained for CME body-associated shock waves (shocks). For the body of halo-type CME with the sources near the solar disk center and associated shocks, we determined and compared their kinematic characteristics in 3D space. It has been shown that for all the considered CME groups, the shock velocity is higher than the CME body velocity, both velocities decrease as the mass ejection moves. As this takes place, the distance between CME body and shock grows. On average, distance from CME body to shock, and velocity difference of these structures is greater for a halo CME, and even greater for a model CME in 3D.
Large Scale Cosmic Perturbation from Evaporation of Primordial Black Holes
Creators: name: Fujita, Tomohiro
name: Harigaya, Keisuke
name: Kawasaki, Masahiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a novel mechanism to generate the cosmic perturbation from evaporation of primordial black holes. A mass of a field is fluctuated if it is given by a vacuum expectation value of a light scalar field because of the quantum fluctuation during inflation. The fluctuated mass causes variations of the evaporation time of the primordial black holes. Therefore provided the primordial black holes dominate the universe when they evaporate, primordial cosmic perturbations are generated. We find that the amplitude of the large scale curvature perturbation generated in this scenario can be consistent with the observed value. Interestingly, our mechanism works even if all fields which are responsible for inflation and the generation of the cosmic perturbation are decoupled from the visible sector except for the gravitational interaction. An implication to the running spectral index is also discussed.
description: 4 pages, no figure, updated to match the published version
title: Poetry and Pose:
title: Heterosexual Male Teachers’ Presentation of Gender Identity In the Secondary School English Classroom
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Curnett, Joshua
Publisher: name: Lancaster University
Year: 2021
Subjects: Teachers
gender identity
masculinities
secondary education
autoethnography

description: Abstract: In this PhD thesis, I have investigated this question: How and why do heterosexual male secondary school English teachers present gender identity in the classroom? Prior to my thesis, little or no research existed regarding this question. I have reviewed literature in the areas of gender identity, masculinity studies, secondary education, and Queer educational theory to delineate the boundaries of my thesis study as well as identify a gap in the literature where my research lies. In addition, I have used the nascent methodology of braided autoethnography for my research: a braided autoethnographic approach allows me to write about my own experience alongside as well as within the narratives I developed regarding the interviews of my research subjects. As a result of my study, I have found that the subjects and I converge upon and diverge from different points regarding how and why we present our gender inside and outside of the secondary school English classroom, particularly regarding our sense of masculinity as essential or contextual. I conclude the thesis with three recommendations regarding my findings: 1) this research question suggests further study as it is currently written and also in various, new forms; 2) the nascent methodology of braided autoethnography necessitates further theoretical and practical description, and 3) secondary school teacher training can be developed regarding the contextuality of the teacher’s presentation of gender identity within a classroom.
Inapproximability of H-Transversal/Packing
Creators: name: Venkatesan  Guruswami
name: Euiwoong  Lee
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 1991
Subjects: subject: 89999 Information and Computing Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Given an undirected graph G=(VG,EG) and a fixed "pattern" graph H=(VH,EH) with kvertices, we consider the H-Transversal and H-Packing problems. The former asks to find the smallest S⊆VG such that the subgraph induced by VG∖S does not have H as a subgraph, and the latter asks to find the maximum number of pairwise disjoint k-subsets S1,...,Sm⊆VGsuch that the subgraph induced by each Si has H as a subgraph.
We prove that if H is 2-connected, H-Transversal and H-Packing are almost as hard to approximate as general k-Hypergraph Vertex Cover and k-Set Packing, so it is NP-hard to approximate them within a factor of Ω(k) and Ω˜(k) respectively. We also show that there is a 1-connected H where H-Transversal admits an O(logk)-approximation algorithm, so that the connectivity requirement cannot be relaxed from 2 to 1. For a special case of H-Transversal where H is a (family of) cycles, we mention the implication of our result to the related Feedback Vertex Set problem, and give a different hardness proof for directed graphs.
Evolution of Relative Magnetic Helicity: New Boundary Conditions for the Vector Potential
Creators: name: Yang, Shangbin
name: Buechner, Joerg
name: Skala, Jan
name: Zhang, Hongqi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We recently proposed a method to calculate the relative magnetic helicity in a finite volume for a given magnetic field which however required the flux to be balanced separately on all the sides of the considered volume. In order to allow finite magnetic fluxes through the boundaries, a Coulomb gauge is constructed that allows for global magnetic flux balance. We tested and verified our method in a theoretical fore-free magnetic field model. We apply the new method to the former calculation data and found a difference of less than 1.2\%. We also applied our method to the magnetic field above active region NOAA 11429 obtained by a new photospheric-data-driven MHD model code GOEMHD3. We analyzed the magnetic helicity evolution in the solar corona using our new method. It was found that the normalized magnetic helicityis equal to -0.038 when fast magnetic reconnection is triggered. This value is comparable to the previous value (-0.029) in the MHD simulations when magnetic reconnection happened and the observed normalized magnetic helicity (-0.036) from the eruption of newly emerging active regions. We found that only 8\% of the accumulated magnetic helicity is dissipated after it is injected through the bottom boundary. This is in accordance with the Woltjer conjecture. Only 2\% of magnetic helicity injected from the bottom boundary escapes through the corona. This is consistent with the observation of magnetic clouds, which could take away magnetic helicity into the interplanetary space, in the case considered here, several halo CMEs and two X-class solar flares origin from this active region.
description: Accepted to be pulished on A&A
Magnetic field amplification by the r-mode instability
Creators: name: Chugunov, Andrey I.
name: Friedman, John L.
name: Lindblom, Lee
name: Rezzolla, Luciano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss magnetic field enhancement by unstable r-modes (driven by the gravitational radiation reaction force) in rotating stars. In the absence of a magnetic field, gravitational radiation exponentially increases the r-mode amplitude $α$, and accelerates differential rotation (secular motion of fluid elements). For a magnetized star, differential rotation enhances the magnetic field energy. Rezzolla et al. (2000--2001) argued that if the magnetic energy grows faster than the gravitational radiation reaction force pumps energy into the r-modes, then the r-mode instability is suppressed. Chugunov (2015) demonstrated that without gravitational radiation, differential rotation can be treated as a degree of freedom decoupled from the r-modes and controlled by the back reaction of the magnetic field. In particular, the magnetic field windup does not damp r-modes. Here we discuss the effect of the back reaction of the magnetic field on differential rotation of unstable r-modes, and show that it limits the generated magnetic field and the magnetic energy growth rate preventing suppression of the r-mode instability by magnetic windup at low saturation amplitudes, $α\ll 1$, predicted by current models.
description: 5 pages; Contribution to the proceedings of the Physics of Neutron Stars - 2017 (Saint Petersburg, July 10-14, 2017), associated with a talk by A.I. Chugunov