cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: Broad and flexible stable isotope niches in invasive non-native Rattus spp. in anthropogenic and natural habitats of central eastern Madagascar
Creators: name: Dammhahn, Melanie
name: Randriamoria, Toky M.
name: Goodman, Steven M.
Publisher: name: Universität Potsdam
Year: 2019

description: Background: Rodents of the genus Rattus are among the most pervasive and successful invasive species, causing major vicissitudes in native ecological communities. A broad and flexible generalist diet has been suggested as key to the invasion success of Rattus spp. Here, we use an indirect approach to better understand foraging niche width, plasticity, and overlap within and between introduced Rattus spp. in anthropogenic habitats and natural humid forests of Madagascar.

Results: Based on stable carbon and nitrogen isotope values measured in hair samples of 589 individual rodents, we found that Rattus rattus had an extremely wide foraging niche, encompassing the isotopic space covered by a complete endemic forest-dwelling Malagasy small mammal community. Comparisons of Bayesian standard ellipses, as well as (multivariate) mixed-modeling analyses, revealed that the stable isotope niche of R. rattus tended to change seasonally and differed between natural forests and anthropogenic habitats, indicating plasticity in feeding niches. In co-occurrence, R. rattus and Rattus norvegicus partitioned feeding niches. Isotopic mismatch of signatures of individual R. rattus and the habitat in which they were captured, indicate frequent dispersal movements for this species between natural forest and anthropogenic habitats.

Conclusions: Since R. rattus are known to transmit a number of zoonoses, potentially affecting communities of endemic small mammals, as well as humans, these movements presumably increase transmission potential. Our results suggest that due to their generalist diet and potential movement between natural forest and anthropogenic habitats, Rattus spp. might affect native forest-dependent Malagasy rodents as competitors, predators, and disease vectors. The combination of these effects helps explain the invasion success of Rattus spp. and the detrimental effects of this genus on the endemic Malagasy rodent fauna.
description: Postprints der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe, 722
Motif magnetism and quantum many-body scars
Creators: name: Chertkov, Eli
name: Clark, Bryan K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We generally expect quantum systems to thermalize and satisfy the eigenstate thermalization hypothesis (ETH), which states that finite energy density eigenstates are thermal. However, some systems, such as many-body localized systems and systems with quantum many-body scars, violate ETH and have high-energy athermal eigenstates. In systems with scars, most eigenstates thermalize, but a few atypical scar states do not. Scar states can give rise to a periodic revival when time-evolving particular initial product states, which can be detected experimentally. Recently, a family of spin Hamiltonians was found with magnetically ordered 3-colored eigenstates that are quantum many-body scars [Lee et al. Phys. Rev. B 101, 241111(2020)]. These models can be realized in any lattice that can be tiled by triangles, such as the triangular or kagome lattices, and have been shown to have close connections to the physics of quantum spin liquids in the Heisenberg kagome antiferromagnet. In this work, we introduce a generalized family of $n$-colored Hamiltonians with "spiral colored" eigenstates made from $n$-spin motifs such as polygons or polyhedra. We show how these models can be realized in many different lattice geometries and provide numerical evidence that they can exhibit quantum many-body scars with periodic revivals that can be observed by time-evolving simple product states. The simple structure of these Hamiltonians makes them promising candidates for future experimental studies of quantum many-body scars.
description: 10 pages, 11 figures, 1 table
D3.5 Workflows for NLP Services
Creators: name: Stearns, Bernardo
name: McCrae, John P.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021

description: This document is a report related to the software deliverable D3.5 “Workflows for NLP services”. This report was planned to serve as a guideline of the usage of the workflow software (Teanga) and systems developed in Prêt-à-LLOD as part of the “Workflows for NLP services'' component: what are its basic functionalities, what technologies were used, and how they were implemented as an architecture. This is also a starting point to find external links such as github repositories, docker hub, examples and other documentation. D3.5, Prêt-à-LLOD Workflows addresses the challenge to create “Workflows for Portable and Scalable Semantic Language Services''. A protocol, based on semantic markup, is developed to enable language services to be easily connected into multi-server workflows. The current code base for D3.5 resides in GitHub and its released software resides in Docker Hub. Those repositories are being continuously updated and the latest release of the software can be accessed at any time and issues can be created through GitHub
Additional file 9 of Gestational age data completeness, quality and validity in population-based surveys: EN-INDEPTH study
Creators: name: M. Moinuddin Haider
name: Kaiser Mahmud
name: Blencowe, Hannah
name: Tahmeed Ahmed
name: Akuze, Joseph
name: Cousens, Simon
name: Delwar, Nafisa
name: Fisker, Ane B.
name: Hardy, Victoria Ponce
name: S. M. Tafsir Hasan
name: Md. Ali Imam
name: Kajungu, Dan
name: Md Alfazal Khan
name: Justiniano S. D. Martins
name: Quamrun Nahar
name: Obed Ernest A. Nettey
name: Adane Kebede Tesega
name: Yargawa, Judith
name: Alam, Nurul
name: Lawn, Joy E.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 9. Ethical approval of local Institutional Review Boards.
Emission and absorption noise in the fractional quantum Hall effect
Creators: name: Bena, Cristina
name: Safi, Ines
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compute the high-frequency emission and absorption noise in a fractional quantum Hall effect (FQHE) sample at arbitrary temperature. We model the edges of the FQHE as chiral Luttinger liquids (LL) and we use the non-equilibrium perturbative Keldysh formalism. We find that the non-symmetrized high frequency noise contains important signatures of the electron-electron interactions that can be used to test the Luttinger liquid physics, not only in FQHE edge states, but possibly also in other one-dimensional systems such as carbon nanotubes. In particular we find that the emission and absorption components of the excess noise (defined as the difference between the noise at finite voltage and at zero voltage) are different in an interacting system, as opposed to the non-interacting case when they are identical. We study the resonance features which appear in the noise at the Josephson frequency (proportional to the applied voltage), and we also analyze the effect of the distance between the measurement point and the backscattering site. Most of our analysis is performed in the weak backscattering limit, but we also compute and discuss briefly the high-frequency noise in the tunneling regime.
description: 26 pages, 11 figures
On Universal Properties of Capacity-Approaching LDPC Ensembles
Creators: name: Sason, Igal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper is focused on the derivation of some universal properties of capacity-approaching low-density parity-check (LDPC) code ensembles whose transmission takes place over memoryless binary-input output-symmetric (MBIOS) channels. Properties of the degree distributions, graphical complexity and the number of fundamental cycles in the bipartite graphs are considered via the derivation of information-theoretic bounds. These bounds are expressed in terms of the target block/ bit error probability and the gap (in rate) to capacity. Most of the bounds are general for any decoding algorithm, and some others are proved under belief propagation (BP) decoding. Proving these bounds under a certain decoding algorithm, validates them automatically also under any sub-optimal decoding algorithm. A proper modification of these bounds makes them universal for the set of all MBIOS channels which exhibit a given capacity. Bounds on the degree distributions and graphical complexity apply to finite-length LDPC codes and to the asymptotic case of an infinite block length. The bounds are compared with capacity-approaching LDPC code ensembles under BP decoding, and they are shown to be informative and are easy to calculate. Finally, some interesting open problems are considered.
description: Published in the IEEE Trans. on Information Theory, vol. 55, no. 7, pp. 2956 - 2990, July 2009
Rotor in a Cage: Infrared Spectroscopy of an Endohedral Hydrogen-Fullerene Complex
Creators: name: Mamone, S.
name: Ge, Min
name: Hüvonen, D.
name: Nagel, U.
name: Danquigny, A.
name: Cuda, F.
name: Grossel, M. C.
name: Murata, Y.
name: Komatsu, K.
name: Levitt, M. H.
name: Rõõm, T.
name: Carravetta, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the observation of quantized translational and rotational motion of molecular hydrogen inside the cages of C60. Narrow infrared absorption lines at the temperature of 6K correspond to vibrational excitations in combination with translational and rotational excitations and show well resolved splittings due to the coupling between translational and rotational modes of the endohedral H2 molecule. A theoretical model shows that H2 inside C60 is a three-dimensional quantum rotor moving in a nearly spherical potential. The theory provides both the frequencies and the intensities of the observed infrared transitions. Good agreement with the experimental results is obtained by fitting a small number of empirical parameters to describe the confining potential, as well as the ortho to para ratio.
description: Submitted to The Journal of Chemical Physics, 4 pages, 2 eps figures
Extreme in-plane upper critical magnetic fields of heavily doped quasi-two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenides
Creators: name: Samuely, P.
name: Szabó, P.
name: Kačmarčík, J.
name: Meerchaut, A.
name: Cario, L.
name: Jansen, A. G. M.
name: Cren, T.
name: Kuzmiak, M.
name: Šofranko, O.
name: Samuely, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Extreme in-plane upper critical magnetic fields $B_{c2//ab}$ strongly violating the Pauli paramagnetic limit have been observed in the misfit layer $(LaSe)_{1.14}(NbSe_2)$ and $(LaSe)_{1.14}(NbSe_2)_2$ single crystals with $T_c$ = 1.23 K and 5.7 K, respectively. The crystals show a two-dimensional to three-dimensional transition at temperatures slightly below $T_c$ with an upturn in the temperature dependence of $B_{c2//ab}$, a temperature dependent huge superconducting anisotropy and a cusplike behavior of the angular dependence of $B_{c2}$. Both misfits are characterized by a strong charge transfer from LaSe to $NbSe_2$. As shown in our previous work, $(LaSe)_{1.14}(NbSe_2)$ is electronically equivalent to the highly doped $NbSe_2$ monolayers. Then, the strong upper critical field can be attributed to the Ising coupling recently discovered in atomically thin transition metal dichalcogenides with strong spin-orbit coupling and a lack of inversion symmetry. A very similar behavior is found in $(LaSe)_{1.14}(NbSe_2)_2$, where the charge transfer is nominally twice as big, which could eventually lead to complete filling of the $NbSe_2$ conduction band and opening superconductivity in LaSe. Whatever the particular superconducting mechanism would be, a common denominator in both misfits is that they behave as a stack of almost decoupled superconducting atomic layers, proving that Ising superconductivity can also exist in bulk materials.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures, Supplemental Material
Fresh Insights on the Kinematics of M49's Globular Cluster System with MMT/Hectospec Spectroscopy
Creators: name: Taylor, Matthew A.
name: Ko, Youkyung
name: Côté, Patrick
name: Ferrarese, Laura
name: Peng, Eric W.
name: Zabludoff, Ann
name: Roediger, Joel
name: Sánchez-Janssen, Rubén
name: Hendel, David
name: Chilingarian, Igor
name: Liu, Chengze
name: Spengler, Chelsea
name: Zhang, Hongxin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the first results of an MMT/Hectospec campaign to measure the kinematics of globular clusters (GCs) around M49 -- the brightest galaxy in the Virgo galaxy cluster, which dominates the Virgo B subcluster. The data include kinematic tracers beyond 95 kpc (~5.2 effective radii) for M49 for the first time, enabling us to achieve three key insights reported here. First, beyond ~20'-30' (~100-150 kpc), the GC kinematics sampled along the minor photometric axis of M49 become increasingly hotter, indicating a transition from GCs related to M49 to those representing the Virgo B intra-cluster medium. Second, there is an anomaly in the line-of-sight radial velocity dispersion ($σ_{r,los}$) profile in an annulus ~10-15' (~50-90 kpc) from M49 in which the kinematics cool by $Δσ_{r,los}~150$ km s$^{-1}$ relative to those in- or outward. The kinematic fingerprint of a previous accretion event is hinted at in projected phase-space, and we isolate GCs that both give rise to this feature, and are spatially co-located with two prominent stellar shells in the halo of M49. Third, we find a subsample of GCs with velocities representative of the dwarf galaxy VCC1249 that is currently interacting with M49. The spatial distribution of these GCs closely resembles the morphology of VCC1249's isophotes, indicating that several of these GCs are likely in the act of being stripped from the dwarf during its passage through M49's halo. Taken together, these results point toward the opportunity of witnessing on-going giant halo assembly in the depths of a cluster environment.
description: 14 pages, 9 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ
n-type electrical conduction in SnS thin films
Creators: name: Suzuki, Issei
name: Kawanishi, Sakiko
name: Bauers, Sage R.
name: Zakutayev, Andriy
name: Lin, Zexin
name: Tsukuda, Satoshi
name: Shibata, Hiroyuki
name: Kim, Minseok
name: Yanagi, Hiroshi
name: Omata, Takahisa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Tin monosulfide (SnS) usually exhibits p-type conduction due to the low formation enthalpy of acceptor-type defects, and as a result n-type SnS thin films have never been obtained. This study realizes n-type conduction in SnS thin films for the first time by using RF-magnetron sputtering with Cl doping and sulfur plasma source during deposition. N-type SnS thin films are obtained at all the substrate temperatures employed in this study (221-341 C), exhibiting carrier concentrations and Hall mobilities of ~2 x 10 18 cm-3 and 0.1-1 cm V-1s-1, respectively. The films prepared without sulfur plasma source, on the other hand, exhibit p-type conduction despite containing a comparable amount of Cl donors. This is likely due to a significant amount of acceptor-type defects originating from sulfur deficiency in p-type films, which appears as a broad optical absorption within the band gap. The demonstration of n-type SnS thin films in this study is a breakthrough for the realization of SnS homojunction solar cells, which are expected to have a higher conversion efficiency than the conventional heterojunction SnS solar cells.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures, 1 table
ห้องสมุดมีชีวิต : แหล่งเรียนรู้กฎหมายเพื่อปวงชนสำนักวิทยบริการ มหาวิทยาลัยราชภัฏมหาสารคาม
Creators: name: พรทิพย์ วรกุล
name: สุวรรณ อภัยวงศ์
name: โกมล แพนพา
name: นวรัตน์ เดชพิมล
name: ไปรมา เฮียงราช
name: บุญชนะ ยี่สารพัฒน์
name: กฤษฏา ศรีธรรมมา
name: คงสิทธิ์ ศรีทอง
Publisher: name: มหาวิทยาลัยราชภัฏมหาสารคาม
Year: 2009
Subjects: ห้องสมุดมีชีวิต, ห้องสมุดกฎหมาย, แหล่งเรียนรู้กฎหมาย

description: 2, 3, วารสารมหาวิทยาลัยราชภัฏมหาสารคามมนุษยศาสตร์และสังคมศาสตร์
Additional file 1 of Detecting Alzheimer’s disease biomarkers with a brief tablet-based cognitive battery: sensitivity to Aβ and tau PET
Creators: name: Tsoy, Elena
name: Strom, Amelia
name: Iaccarino, Leonardo
name: Erlhoff, Sabrina J.
name: Goode, Collette A.
name: Rodriguez, Anne-Marie
name: Rabinovici, Gil D.
name: Miller, Bruce L.
name: Kramer, Joel H.
name: Rankin, Katherine P.
name: Joie, Renaud La
name: Possin, Katherine L.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1.
Magnetosonic solitons in a dusty plasma slab
Creators: name: Marklund, M.
name: Stenflo, L.
name: Shukla, P. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The existence of magnetosonic solitons in dusty plasmas is investigated. The nonlinear magnetohydrodynamic equations for a warm dusty magnetoplasma are thus derived. A solution of the nonlinear equations is presented. It is shown that, due to the presence of dust, static structures are allowed. This is in sharp contrast to the formation of the so called shocklets in usual magnetoplasmas. A comparatively small number of dust particles can thus drastically alter the behavior of the nonlinear structures in magnetized plasmas.
description: 7 pages, 6 figures
Cosmoconus Forster 1869
Creators: name: Artmann-Graf, Georg
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Ichneumonidae
Cosmoconus

description: Bemerkungen zu einigen Taxa: Cosmoconus Forster, 1869.
Wie bei vielen an- dern Schlupfwespen fan- ge ich mit dem Kescher immer deutlich mehr Männchen als Weibchen, denn während Letztere auf der Suche nach einer Wirtsraupe oft meiner Aufmerksamkeit entge- hen, fallen die Männchen durch ihre Patrouillen bei der Suche nach Weibchen stärker auf. Leider sind aber die meisten Männ- chen dieser Gattung sehr schwierig zu bestimmen. Nach Kasparyan (1989) gelten C. meridionator Aubert, 1963, C. cerato- phorus (Thomson, 1888) und C. elongator (Fabri- cius, 1775) in Zentral- europa als weitverbreite- te und häufige Arten, während C. nigriventris Kasparyan, 1971 eben- falls verbreitet, aber nur spärlich zu finden sei. Im Jahre 2001 bestimmte mir der Ichneumonidenkenner Ru- dolf Bauer (†) fünf Wespen aus dieser Gattung. Bei einem Weibchen handelte es sich um C. meridionator, bei zwei Weibchen und zwei Männchen um C. nigriventris. Nach dem Muster dieser beiden Männchen und der Beschreibung bei Kasparyan (1989) bestimmte ich in der Folge etliche weitere auf C. nigriventris, wogegen ich von den drei oben genannten, als häufig geltenden Arten, deutlich weniger fand, selbst von C. meridionator (Abb. 3), bei der die Männchen sicher abtrennbar sind. Das Verhältnis der Häufigkeiten der vier Arten steht somit im Widerspruch zu den Angaben bei Kasparyan (1989).
description: Published as part of Artmann-Graf, Georg, 2014, Tryphonini (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae) in der Region Olten G A - G, pp. 23-28 in Entomo Helvetica 7 on page 25, DOI: 10.5169/seals-985956, http://zenodo.org/record/8084227
Unusual crystallization behavior close to the glass transition
Creators: name: Desgranges, Caroline
name: Delhommelle, Jerome
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using molecular simulations, we shed light on the mechanism underlying crystal nucleation in metal alloys and unravel the interplay between crystal nucleation and glass transition, as the conditions of crystallization lie close to this transition. While decreasing the temperature of crystallization usually results in a lower free energy barrier, we find an unexpected reversal of behavior for glass-forming alloys as the temperature of crystallization approaches the glass transition. For this purpose, we simulate the crystallization process in two glass-forming Copper alloys, $Ag_6Cu_4$, which has a positive heat of mixing, and in $CuZr$, characterized by a large negative heat of mixing. Our results allow us to identify that this unusual behavior is directly correlated with a non-monotonic temperature dependence for the formation energy of connected icosahedral structures, which are incompatible with crystalline order and impede the development of the crystal nucleus, leading to an unexpectedly larger free energy barrier at low temperature. This, in turn, promotes the formation of a predominantly closed-packed critical nucleus, with fewer defects, thereby suggesting a new way to control the structure of the crystal nucleus, which is of key importance in catalysis.
Nonequilibrium carriers in an intrinsic graphene under interband photoexcitation
Creators: name: Satou, A.
name: Vasko, F. T.
name: Ryzhii, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study nonequilibrium carriers (electrons and holes) in an intrinsic graphene at low temperatures under far- and mid-infrared (IR) radiation in a wide range of its intensities. The energy distributions of carriers are calculated using a quasiclassic kinetic equation which accounts for the energy relaxation due to acoustic phonons and the radiative generation-recombination processes associated with thermal radiation and the carrier photoexcitation by incident radiation. It is found that the nonequilibrium distributions are determined by an interplay between weak energy relaxation on acoustic phonons and generation-recombination processes as well as by the effect of pumping saturation. Due to the effect of saturation, the carrier distribution functions can exhibit plateaus around the pumping region at elevated intensities. As shown, at sufficiently strong mid-IR pumping, the population inversion can occur below the pumping energy. The graphene dc conductivity as a function of the pumping intensity exhibits a pronounced nonlinearity with a sub-linear region at fairly low intensities and a saturation at a strong pumping. However, an increase in the pumping intensity in very wide range leads only to a modest increase in the carrier concentration and, particularly, the dc conductivity. The graphene conductivity at mid-IR irradiation exhibit strong sensitivity to mechanisms of carrier momentum relaxation.
description: 8 pages, 6 figures
A Review of Some Techniques for Inclusion of Domain-Knowledge into Deep Neural Networks
Creators: name: Dash, Tirtharaj
name: Chitlangia, Sharad
name: Ahuja, Aditya
name: Srinivasan, Ashwin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: I.2.6; I.2.4
subject: 68T07 (Primary), 68T05, 68T01 (Secondary)

description: We present a survey of ways in which existing scientific knowledge are included when constructing models with neural networks. The inclusion of domain-knowledge is of special interest not just to constructing scientific assistants, but also, many other areas that involve understanding data using human-machine collaboration. In many such instances, machine-based model construction may benefit significantly from being provided with human-knowledge of the domain encoded in a sufficiently precise form. This paper examines the inclusion of domain-knowledge by means of changes to: the input, the loss-function, and the architecture of deep networks. The categorisation is for ease of exposition: in practice we expect a combination of such changes will be employed. In each category, we describe techniques that have been shown to yield significant changes in the performance of deep neural networks.
description: 16 pages; Accepted at Nature Scientific Reports. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:2103.00180
Trends in atomistic simulation software usage
Creators: name: Talirz, Leopold
name: Ghiringhelli, Luca M.
name: Smit, Berend
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: J.2

description: Driven by the unprecedented computational power available to scientific research, the use of computers in solid-state physics, chemistry and materials science has been on a continuous rise. This review focuses on the software used for the simulation of matter at the atomic scale. We provide a comprehensive overview of major codes in the field, and analyze how citations to these codes in the academic literature have evolved since 2010. An interactive version of the underlying data set is available at https://atomistic.software .
description: 11 pages, 9 figures
SPLUSJ210428.01-004934.2: An Ultra Metal-Poor Star Identified from Narrowband Photometry
Creators: name: Placco, Vinicius M.
name: Roederer, Ian U.
name: Lee, Young Sun
name: Almeida-Fernandes, Felipe
name: Herpich, Fabio R.
name: Perottoni, Helio D.
name: Schoenell, William
name: Ribeiro, Tiago
name: Kanaan, Antonio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on the discovery of SPLUS J210428.01-004934.2, an ultra metal-poor (UMP) star first identified from the narrow-band photometry of the Southern Photometric Local Universe Survey (S-PLUS) Data Release 1, in the SDSS Stripe 82 region. Follow-up medium- and high-resolution spectroscopy (with Gemini South and Magellan-Clay, respectively) confirmed the effectiveness of the search for low-metallicity stars using the S-PLUS narrow-band photometry. At [Fe/H]=-4.03, SPLUS J2104-0049 has the lowest detected carbon abundance, A(C)=+4.34, when compared to the 34 previously known UMP stars in the literature, which is an important constraint on its stellar progenitor and also on stellar evolution models at the lowest metallicities. Based on its chemical abundance pattern, we speculate that SPLUS J2104-0049 could be a bonafide second-generation star, formed from a gas cloud polluted by a single metal-free ~30Mo star. This discovery opens the possibility of finding additional UMP stars directly from narrow-band photometric surveys, a potentially powerful method to help complete the inventory of such peculiar objects in our Galaxy.
description: 10 pages, 3 figures, accepted for publication on ApJ Letters
Thermal noise informatics: Totally secure communication via a wire; Zero-power communication; and Thermal noise driven computing
Creators: name: Kish, Laszlo B.
name: Mingesz, Robert
name: gingl, Zoltan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Very recently, it has been shown that thermal noise and its artificial versions (Johnson-like noises) can be utilized as an information carrier with peculiar properties therefore it may be proper to call this topic Thermal Noise Informatics. Zero Power (Stealth) Communication, Thermal Noise Driven Computing, and Totally Secure Classical Communication are relevant examples. In this paper, while we will briefly describe the first and the second subjects, we shall focus on the third subject, the secure classical communication via wire. This way of secure telecommunication utilizes the properties of Johnson(-like) noise and those of a simple Kirchhoff's loop. The communicator is unconditionally secure at the conceptual (circuit theoretical) level and this property is (so far) unique in communication systems based on classical physics. The communicator is superior to quantum alternatives in all known aspects, except the need of using a wire. In the idealized system, the eavesdropper can extract zero bit of information without getting uncovered. The scheme is naturally protected against the man-in-the-middle attack. The communication can take place also via currently used power lines or phone (wire) lines and it is not only a point-to-point communication like quantum channels but network-ready. Tests have been carried out on a model-line with ranges beyond the ranges of any known direct quantum communication channel and they indicate unrivalled signal fidelity and security performance. This simple device has single-wire secure key generation/sharing rates of 0.1, 1, 10, and 100 bit/second for copper wires with diameters/ranges of 21 mm / 2000 km, 7 mm / 200 km, 2.3 mm / 20 km, and 0.7 mm / 2 km, respectively and it performs with 0.02% raw-bit error rate (99.98 % fidelity).
description: Plenary Talk at the 4th International Symposium on Fluctuations and Noise, Florence, Italy, May 23, 2007. Results are featured in New Scientist (technology section), May 23, 2007, by Jason Palmer
Hamiltonian vector fields of homogeneous polynomials in two variables
Creators: name: Maksymenko, Sergiy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 37C10

description: Let $g:\mathbb{R}^2\to\mathbb{R}$ be a homogeneous polynomial of degree $p>1$, $G=(-g'_{y}, g'_{x})$ be its Hamiltonian vector field, and $G_t$ be the local flow generated by $G$. Denote by $E(G,O)$ the space of germs of $C^{\infty}$ diffeomorphisms $(\mathbb{R}^2,O)\to(\mathbb{R}^2,O)$ that preserve orbits of $G$. Let also $E_{\mathrm{id}}(G,O)$ be the identity component of $E(G,O)$ with respect to $C^1$-topology. Suppose that $g$ has no multiple prime factors. Then we prove that for every $h\in E_{\mathrm{id}}(G,O)$ there exists a germ of a smooth function $α:\mathbb{R}^2\to\mathbb{R}$ at $O$ such that $h(z)=G_{α(z)}(z)$.
description: 26 pages, 3 figures. In version 2 the latter section is removed, since it is not included into original article
Tryphon trochanteratus Holmgren 1855
Creators: name: Artmann-Graf, Georg
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Ichneumonidae
Tryphon
Tryphon trochanteratus

description: Tryphon trochanteratus Holmgren, 1855
. Es ist erstaunlich, dass diese auffällige und häufige Art für die Schweiz bisher noch nie publiziert worden ist, obwohl sie wahrscheinlich in mehreren Naturmuseen vorhanden ist, zumindest in jenem von Lausanne (Seraina Klopfstein pers. Mitt.). Von 2003 bis 2011 habe ich die Art in der Region Olten an 41 Fundorten angetroffen (Tab. 1 und Abb. 4). Sie ist leicht zu
erkennen und zumindest nach heutigem Wissen unverwechselbar, sodass sie sich nach einiger Erfahrung auch im Feld bestimmen lässt.
description: Published as part of Artmann-Graf, Georg, 2014, Tryphonini (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae) in der Region Olten G A - G, pp. 23-28 in Entomo Helvetica 7 on pages 25-28, DOI: 10.5169/seals-985956, http://zenodo.org/record/8084227
Ikonografija i telo: prikaz pola na antropomorfnim figurinama sa lokaliteta Vinča-Belo brdo
Creators: name: Tripković, Ana
name: Radinović, Mihailo
name: Porčić, Marko
name: Stefanović, Sofija
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: anthropomorphic figurines
iconography
Vinča Belo brdo
sex

description: Sa lokaliteta Vinča-Belo brdo potiče više od hiljadu primeraka antropomorfne plastike koje su bile predmet više različitih analiza. U ovom radu ispitujemo zastupljenost polnih karakteristika na vinčanskim figurinama i njihov odnos sa drugim telesnim odlikama. Opservacija pola na statuetama i ponekad iz njega izvedene ideje o prepoznavanju roda poslednjih godina izazvale su disonantna mišljenja o opravdanosti ovog metodološkog pristupa. Cilj našeg rada je nastavak diskusije o korisnosti istraživanja ikonografske elaboracije antropomorfnih figurina kao analitičkog puta za razumevanje prikaza pola na predmetima ove vrste. Istraživački uzorak čini 875 fragmentovanih i celih figurina sa lokaliteta Vinča-Belo Brdo, iz fonda Arheološke zbirke Filozofskog fakulteta u Beogradu. Prisustvo ili odsustvo polnih obeležja biće prikazani u odnosu na druge formalne karakteristike poput stepena složenosti izrade, položaja tela (dinamike pokreta), položaja gornjih i donjih ekstremiteta, kao i prikaza nakita i odeće. Na kraju, izložićemo i razmotriti zastupljenost određenih asocijativnih obrazaca u našem uzorku i njihovu potencijalnu vrednost za dalja istraživanja ikonografije vinčanskih figurina.
Unveiling a Compact Cluster of Massive and Young Stars in IRAS 17233-3606
Creators: name: Zapata, Luis A.
name: Leurini, Silvia
name: Menten, Karl M.
name: Schilke, Peter
name: Rolffs, Rainer
name: Hieret, Carolin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have analyzed sensitive high spatial resolution archival radio continuum data at 1.3, 2.0, 3.6 and 6.0 cm as well as the H2O maser molecular line data obtained using the Very Large Array (VLA) in its hybrid AB configuration toward the high-mass star-forming region IRAS 17233-3606 (G351.78-0.54). We find nine compact radio sources associated with this region, six of them are new radio detections. We discuss the characteristics of these sources based mostly on their spectral indices and find that most of them appear to be optically thin or thick ultra- and hyper-compact HII regions ionized by B ZAMS stars. Furthermore, in a few cases the radio emission may arise from optically thick dusty disks and/or cores, however more observations at different wavelengths are necessity to firmly confirm their true nature. In addition, we compared our centimeter maps with the mid-infrared images fromthe Spitzer Space Observatory GLIMPSE survey revealing a cluster of young protostars in the region together with multiple collimated outflows some of whom might be related with the compact centimeter objects.
description: Accepted by The Astronomical Journal
Quasilocal mass in general relativity
Creators: name: Wang, Mu-Tao
name: Yau, Shing-Tung
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: There have been many attempts to define the notion of quasilocal mass for a spacelike 2-surface in spacetime by the Hamilton-Jacobi analysis. The essential difficulty in this approach is to identify the right choice of the background configuration to be subtracted from the physical Hamiltonian. Quasilocal mass should be nonnegative for surfaces in general spacetime and zero for surfaces in flat spacetime. In this letter, we propose a new definition of gauge-independent quasilocal mass and prove that it has the desired properties.
description: 10 pages, editorial changes made to comply with journal's page limit, to appear in Physical Review Letters
Additional file 1 of The impact of public performance reporting on cancer elective surgery waiting times: a data linkage study
Creators: name: Prang, Khic-Houy
name: Canaway, Rachel
name: Bismark, Marie
name: Dunt, David
name: Miller, Julie A.
name: Kelaher, Margaret
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1: Appendix 1 Cancer diagnosis and procedure codes. Appendix 2 Visual inspection of parallel trends in the pre-intervention period
Deep Information Fusion for Electric Vehicle Charging Station Occupancy Forecasting
Creators: name: Sao, Ashutosh
name: Tempelmeier, Nicolas
name: Demidova, Elena
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: With an increasing number of electric vehicles, the accurate forecasting of charging station occupation is crucial to enable reliable vehicle charging. This paper introduces a novel Deep Fusion of Dynamic and Static Information model (DFDS) to effectively forecast the charging station occupation. We exploit static information, such as the mean occupation concerning the time of day, to learn the specific charging station patterns. We supplement such static data with dynamic information reflecting the preceding charging station occupation and temporal information such as daytime and weekday. Our model efficiently fuses dynamic and static information to facilitate accurate forecasting. We evaluate the proposed model on a real-world dataset containing 593 charging stations in Germany, covering August 2020 to December 2020. Our experiments demonstrate that DFDS outperforms the baselines by 3.45 percent points in F1-score on average.
Numerical metric extraction in AdS/CFT
Creators: name: Hammersley, John
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An iterative method for recovering the bulk information in asymptotically AdS spacetimes is presented. We consider zero energy spacelike geodesics and their relation to the entanglement entropy in three dimensions to determine the metric in certain symmetric cases. A number of comparisons are made with an alternative extraction method presented in arXiv:hep-th/0609202, and the two methods are then combined to allow metric recovery in the most general type of static, spherically symmetric setups. We conclude by extracting the mass and density profiles for a toy model example of a gas of radiation in (2+1)-dimensional AdS.
description: 38 pages, 16 figures; v2 reference added, minor corrections; v3 some changes to method and appendices, new sections added on validating the solutions and extensions to less symmetric cases, version accepted for publication in General Relativity and Gravitation
Haar expectations of ratios of random characteristic polynomials
Creators: name: Huckleberry, A.
name: Puettmann, A.
name: Zirnbauer, M. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compute Haar ensemble averages of ratios of random characteristic polynomials for the classical Lie groups K = O(N), SO(N), and USp(N). To that end, we start from the Clifford-Weyl algebera in its canonical realization on the complex of holomorphic differential forms for a C-vector space V. From it we construct the Fock representation of an orthosymplectic Lie superalgebra osp associated to V. Particular attention is paid to defining Howe's oscillator semigroup and the representation that partially exponentiates the Lie algebra representation of sp in osp. In the process, by pushing the semigroup representation to its boundary and arguing by continuity, we provide a construction of the Shale-Weil-Segal representation of the metaplectic group. To deal with a product of n ratios of characteristic polynomials, we let V = C^n \otimes C^N where C^N is equipped with its standard K-representation, and focus on the subspace of K-equivariant forms. By Howe duality, this is a highest-weight irreducible representation of the centralizer g of Lie(K) in osp. We identify the K-Haar expectation of n ratios with the character of this g-representation, which we show to be uniquely determined by analyticity, Weyl group invariance, certain weight constraints and a system of differential equations coming from the Laplace-Casimir invariants of g. We find an explicit solution to the problem posed by all these conditions. In this way we prove that the said Haar expectations are expressed by a Weyl-type character formula for all integers N \ge 1. This completes earlier work by Conrey, Farmer, and Zirnbauer for the case of U(N).
description: LaTeX, 70 pages, Complex Analysis and its Synergies (2016) 2:1
Modeling the Linear Polarization of GRB Afterglows Across the Electromagnetic Spectrum
Creators: name: Birenbaum, Gal
name: Bromberg, Omer
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Linear polarization measurements in the optical band show polarization degrees of a few percent at late times. Recently, polarization at sub-percent level was also detected in radio by ALMA, opening the window for multi-wavelength polarimetry and stressing the importance of properly modeling polarization in GRB afterglows across the EM spectrum. We introduce a numerical tool that can calculate the polarization from relativistically moving surfaces by discretizing them to small patches of uniform magnetic field, calculating the polarized emission from each cell assuming synchrotron radiation and summing it to obtain the total degree of polarization. We apply this tool to afterglow shocks with random magnetic fields confined to the shock plane, considering electron radiative cooling. We analyze the observed polarization curves in several wavelengths above the cooling frequency and below the minimal synchrotron frequency and point to the characteristic differences between them. We present a method to constrain the jet opening angle and the viewing angle within the context of our model. Applying it to GRB 021004 we obtain angles of 10 and 8 degrees respectively and conclude that a non-negligible component of radial magnetic field is required to explain the 1% polarization level observed 3.5 days after the burst.
description: 14 pages, 10 figures
Uniqueness of signed measures solving the continuity equation for Osgood vector fields
Creators: name: Ambrosio, Luigi
name: Bernard, Patrick
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Nonnegative measure-valued solutions of the continuity equation are uniquely determined by their initial condition, if the characteristic ODE associated to the velocity field has a unique solution. In this paper we give a partial extension of this result to signed measure-valued solutions, under a quantitative two-sided Osgood condition on the velocity field. Our results extend those obtained for log-Lipschitz vector fields by Bahouri and Chemin.
2DPHOT: A Multi-purpose Environment for the Two-dimensional Analysis of Wide-field Images
Creators: name: La Barbera, F.
name: de Carvalho, R. R.
name: Kohl-Moreira, J. L.
name: Gal, R. R.
name: Soares-Santos, M.
name: Capaccioli, M.
name: Santos, R.
name: Sant'Anna, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe 2DPHOT, a general purpose analysis environment for source detection and analysis in deep wide-field images. 2DPHOT is an automated tool to obtain both integrated and surface photometry of galaxies in an image, to perform reliable star-galaxy separation with accurate estimates of contamination at faint flux levels, and to estimate completeness of the image catalog. We describe the analysis strategy on which 2DPHOT is based, and provide a detailed description of the different algorithms implemented in the package. This new environment is intended as a dedicated tool to process the wealth of data from wide-field imaging surveys. To this end, the package is complemented by 2DGUI, an environment that allows multiple processing of data using a range of computing architectures.
description: Accepted to PASP
Superimposed Electric/Magnetic "Dipole Moment Comparator" Lattice Design
Creators: name: Talman, Richard M
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In contrast to a "single particle table-top trap", an essential feature of a storage ring "trap" is that $10^{10}$ or more particles can have their spins aligned in a polarized beam. This is a nunber of polarized particles large enough for the beam polarization to be detected externally, and fed back to permit external control of the beam polarization. The level of achievable spin control, though classical, not quantum mechanical, can be comparable to the control of one or a small number of polarized particles in a low energy trap. Motivated to investigate time reversal invariance, especially the detection of non-zero electric dipole moments (EDMs) this paper describes the design of a low energy storage ring having the superimposed electric and magnetic bending needed to "freeze" the spins of polarized beams. For electrons (of either sign) and protons the spins can be frozen with all-electric bending but, in general, superimposed electric/magnetic bending is required. Since constructive bending superposition in one direction implies destructive superposition in the other direction, counter-circulating beams must differ, either in particle type or momentum, in order for their orbits to be identical. For globally frozen spin operation the bunch polarizations remain constant relative to the momenta, for example remaining parallel to the circuating beam momentum vectors. With superimposed electric and magnetic bending, the globally frozen spin condition can be met over a continua (specific to particle type) of E/B ratios. When this condition is met, the out-of-plane, EDM-induced precession accumulates monitonically, which is obligatory for producing a measurably large EDM signal. As Koop has explained, the EDM signal will still accumulate if the polarization is allowed to "roll like a wheel" around a radial axis.
description: Accepted for publication, 24 August 2021, in ICFA Beam Dynamics Newsletter #82, Advanced Accelerator Modelling
title: Chaotic macroscopic phases in one-dimensional oscillators
Creators: name: Politi, Antonio
name: Pikovsky, Arkady
name: Ullner, Ekkehard
Publisher: name: Universität Potsdam
Year: 2019

description: The connection between the macroscopic description of collective chaos and the underlying microscopic dynamics is thoroughly analysed in mean-field models of one-dimensional oscillators. We investigate to what extent infinitesimal perturbations of the microscopic configurations can provide information also on the stability of the corresponding macroscopic phase. In ensembles of identical one-dimensional dynamical units, it is possible to represent the microscopic configurations so as to make transparent their connection with the macroscopic world. As a result, we find evidence of an intermediate, mesoscopic, range of distances, over which the instability is neither controlled by the microscopic equations nor by the macroscopic ones. We examine a whole series of indicators, ranging from the usual microscopic Lyapunov exponents, to the collective ones, including finite-amplitude exponents. A system of pulse-coupled oscillators is also briefly reviewed as an example of non-identical phase oscillators where collective chaos spontaneously emerges.
description: Postprints der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe, 721