cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Determinants and indicators of successful aging as a multidimensional outcome: a systematic review of longitudinal studies
Creators: name: Rodrigues, Caue Egea
name: Grandt, Caine Lucas
name: Abu Alwafa, Reem
name: Badrasawi, Manal
name: Aleksandrova, Krasimira
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: successful aging
subject: determinants
subject: lifestyle factors
subject: metabolic health
subject: well-being
subject: systematic review
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie

description: Background: Successful aging (SA) has been coined as a term to describe the multidimensional aspects associated with achieving optimal combination of physical and mental health along with social well-being health, mental and social well-being at older age. In recent years there has been an increased interest in understanding the role of determinants of SA, such as demographic, biological, behavioral, psychological and social factors. To synthesize the recent evidence, we conducted a systematic review of longitudinal studies on a range of determinants and indicators of SA defined as a multidimensional outcome. Methods: A systematic search of PubMed, MEDLINE and Web of Science for finding eligible papers published between August 2016 and June 2023 was conducted following the Preferred Reporting Items for a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines. The review protocol was registered in PROSPERO International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (Registration number: CRD42021250200). The web-based automated screening tool–Rayyan–was used for title and abstract screening. The study quality was assessed using the Quality in Prognosis Studies (QUIPS) tool. Results: A total of 3,191 records were initially identified using the predefined search strategy. Out of 289 articles selected for full text screening, 22 were found eligible and included in the review. A variety of factors have been explored in relation to SA, ranging from socio-demographic factors, nutrition, lifestyle, biological pathways, psychological health, and well-being. Overall, the results of recent studies have confirmed the role of metabolic health, adherence to healthy dietary patterns, such as the Mediterranean diet, physical activity, non-smoking, and higher socio-economic status as main factors associated with higher odds for SA. Emerging research highlights the role of psycho-social factors and early life health as determinants of SA. Conclusion: In summary, this review highlights the importance of healthy living and monitoring metabolic risk along with sustaining psychological well-being in adult life as major determinants of SA. Further methodological and research work on SA would pave the way toward development of adequate health promotion policies in aging societies.
Hybrid quantum-classical approach to enhanced quantum metrology
Creators: name: Yang, Xiaodong
name: Chen, Xi
name: Li, Jun
name: Peng, Xinhua
name: Laflamme, Raymond
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum metrology plays a fundamental role in many scientific areas. However, the complexity of engineering entangled probes and the external noise raise technological barriers for realizing the expected precision of the to-be-estimated parameter with given resources. Here, we address this problem by introducing adjustable controls into the encoding process and then utilizing a hybrid quantum-classical approach to automatically optimize the controls online. Our scheme does not require any complex or intractable off-line design, and it can inherently correct certain unitary errors during the learning procedure. We also report the first experimental demonstration of this promising scheme for the task of finding optimal probes for frequency estimation on a nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) processor. The proposed scheme paves the way to experimentally auto-search optimal protocol for improving the metrology precision.
description: 10 pages, 3 figures
The K+ transporter NPF7.3/NRT1.5 and the proton pump AHA2 contribute to K+ transport in Arabidopsis thaliana under K+ and NO3- deficiency
Creators: name: Sena, Florencia
name: Kunze, Reinhard
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Arabidopsis thaliana
subject: nitrate deficiency
subject: potassium deficiency
subject: potassium transport
subject: protein-protein interaction
subject: plasma membrane
subject: H+ -ATPase
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::580 Pflanzen (Botanik)::580 Pflanzen (Botanik)

description: Nitrate (NO3-) and potassium (K+) are distributed in plants via short and long-distance transport. These two pathways jointly regulate NO3- and K+ levels in all higher plants. The Arabidopsis thaliana transporter NPF7.3/NRT1.5 is responsible for loading NO3- and K+ from root pericycle cells into the xylem vessels, facilitating the long-distance transport of NO3- and K+ to shoots. In this study, we demonstrate a protein-protein interaction of NPF7.3/NRT1.5 with the proton pump AHA2 in the plasma membrane by split ubiquitin and bimolecular complementation assays, and we show that a conserved glycine residue in a transmembrane domain of NPF7.3/NRT1.5 is crucial for the interaction. We demonstrate that AHA2 together with NRT1.5 affects the K+ level in shoots, modulates the root architecture, and alters extracellular pH and the plasma membrane potential. We hypothesize that NRT1.5 and AHA2 interaction plays a role in maintaining the pH gradient and membrane potential across the root pericycle cell plasma membrane during K+ and/or NO3- transport.
Lasy prywatne jako czynnik rozwoju obszarów wiejskich
Creators: name: Płotkowski, Lech
name: Płotkowski, Lech
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Farm Management
subject: private forestry
subject: Poland
subject: / lasy prywatne
subject: Polska

description: The relative weight of private forestry in the whole of Polish forestry sector is displayed, with respect to area and production. A recommended model of the private forestry organization is a producer association which would provide technical and commercial information to its members and negotiate prices for wood at various levels. / Synopsis. Pokazany jest udział prywatnej gospodarki leśnej w całości gospodarki leśnej w Polsce, w odniesieniu do powierzchni i produkcji. Jako przyszłościowy model organizacji prywatnego leśnictwa w Polsce proponowane jest utworzenie zrzeszenia prywatnych właścicieli lasów, które służyłoby członkom doradztwem technicznym i handlowym oraz negocjowało ceny drzewa na różnych poziomach.
Wyniki produkcyjno-ekonomiczne i finansowe indywidualnych gospodarstw rolnych według ich wielkości ekonomicznej (na przykładzie regionu FADN Wielkopolska i Śląsk)
Creators: name: Poczta, Walenty
name: Średzińska, Joanna
name: Poczta, Walenty
name: Średzińska, Joanna
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Agricultural Finance
subject: Production Economics
subject: Productivity Analysis
subject: agricultural holding
subject: economic size
subject: production and economic results
subject: financial results
subject: / gospodarstwo rolne
subject: wielkość ekonomiczna
subject: wyniki produkcyjno-ekonomiczne
subject: wyniki finansowe

description: The aim of this paper is to assess the potential for production, economic and financial results of individual agricultural holdings in Wielkopolska and Śląsk FADN region when taking their economic size into consideration. The analysis shows that bigger holdings achieve definitely better economic results and are more competitive than small holdings. / Synopsis. Celem artykułu jest ocena potencjału produkcyjnego oraz wyników produkcyjno- ekonomicznych i finansowych indywidualnych gospodarstw rolnych w regionie FADN Wielkopolska i Śląsk, z uwzględnieniem ich wielkości ekonomicznej. Analiza pokazuje, że większe gospodarstwa osiągają zdecydowanie lepsze wyniki ekonomiczne i są bardziej konkurencyjne niż gospodarstwa małe.
title: The Dilemmas Of Public (Middle) Managers Under NPM: Implementing Public Service Outsourcing In Ghana’s Health Sector
Creators: name: Tengey, Samuel
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 2010

description: Globally, public management underwent substantial reforms over the past three decades. Known as new public management (NPM), reforms have sought to redefine the role of politicians and public managers, redesign public organisations for enhanced autonomy and effectiveness, and restructure service delivery by integrating private organisations to ensure competition believed as necessary for efficiency. Premised on tensional forces of public choice' and `managerialism' the NPM model potentially creates conflicts between managers and professionals. Developed in OECD countries, and applied to less developed countries (LCDs) with generally ineffective public sectors; and admittedly an engrained corruption culture, NPM reforms are typified by increased bureaucratic centralisation, which restricts professionals' discretion. Using semi-structured interviews and a range of qualitative analytic devices, this thesis examines the challenges professional managers encounter under senior managers, when some support functions were privately outsourced, in line with NPM, in two corporatised hospitals in Ghana. Findings suggest professionals feel by-passed, their discretion restricted, and their expertise ignored by senior managers, generating clashes over mediating the conflicting dualities of cost/quality, results/procedures, and output/outcome. Conceptualised as resistance strategies, professionals' response(s) to the encountered issues portrayed appreciable unconventionality and non-deviance, coming close to individualised version of work to rule, and professionalised version of weapons of the weak. Such professionals' resistance strategies elucidate the complexities of Ghana's embedded political, economic and socio-cultural context. The findings suggest the true outcomes of NPM reforms within this and similar contexts are masked, distorted by the refracting effects of corruption, producing a type of bureaucracy that encourages reduced devolution, tending to inhibit rather than aid effective delivery of public services.
Uwarunkowania rozwoju kapitału ludzkiego na obszarach wiejskich
Creators: name: Stawicka, Ewa
name: Stawicka, Ewa
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Labor and Human Capital
subject: education
subject: knowledge of agriculture
subject: lifelong learning
subject: human capital
subject: / edukacja
subject: wiedza zawodowa
subject: kształcenie ustawiczne
subject: kapitał ludzki

description: Meaning of knowledge and information as a factor of a rise of productivity and economic growth is discussed. The human capital level in rural areas and knowledge and information level are rather poor. The low level of general education and insufficient agricultural qualifications of those working in farms are a significant barrier hampering the introduction of modern means of production, and depressing economic growth. Increasing the education level of farm population might be instrumental in intensifying the process of structural changes. The most important role in changes belong to specialised institutions which can fund many useful programs. / Synopsis. Celem pracy jest ukazanie ważności wiedzy w rozwoju gospodarstw rolnych. Zobrazowano poziom wykształcenia polskich rolników oraz możliwości podejmowania przez nich edukacji, zdobywania nowej wiedzy i informacji. Zwrócono również uwagę na rosnące zainteresowanie rolników zdobywaniem nowej wiedzy.
Additional file 1 of Associations of loneliness and social isolation with cardiovascular and metabolic health: a systematic review and meta-analysis protocol
Creators: name: Winterton, Adriano
name: Rødevand, Linn
name: Westlye, Lars T.
name: Steen, Nils Eiel
name: Andreassen, Ole A.
name: Quintana, Daniel S.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1:. PRISMA-P (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Protocols) 2015 checklist. Recommended items to address in a systematic review protocol.
Participatory survey of risk factors and pathways for Rift Valley fever in pastoral and agropastoral communities of Uganda
Creators: name: Tumusiime, Dan
name: Nijhof, Ard M.
name: Groschup, Martin H.
name: Lutwama, Julius
name: Roesel, Kristina
name: Bett, Bernard
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Participatory epidemiology
subject: Rift Valley fever
subject: Zoonoses
subject: Pastoralists
subject: Agropastoralists
subject: Uganda
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::630 Landwirtschaft::630 Landwirtschaft und verwandte Bereiche

description: To assess pastoralists’ and agropastoralists’ knowledge on Rift Valley fever (RVF), participatory epidemiological studies were conducted with 215 livestock keepers and 27 key informants in Napak, Butebo, Isingiro and Lyantonde districts, Uganda, between January and February 2022. Livestock keepers in all four districts had knowledge of RVF and even had local names or descriptions for it. Pastoralists and agropastoralists possessed valuable knowledge of RVF clinical descriptions and epidemiological risk factors such as the presence of infected mosquitoes, living in flood-prone areas, and excessive rainfall. RVF was ranked among the top ten most important cattle diseases. Pastoralists called RVF Lonyang, symbolizing a disease associated with jaundice, high fever, abortions in pregnant cows, and sudden death in calves. Key informants identified infected domestic animals, the presence of infected mosquitoes, livestock movement and trade, and infected wild animals as risk pathways for the introduction of RVF into an area. Drinking raw blood and milk was perceived as the most likely pathway for human exposure to RVF virus; while the highest consequence was high treatment costs. The results indicate that pastoralists provided key epidemiological information that could be essential for designing an effective national RVF surveillance and early warning system.
Models of the giant quadruple quasar SDSS J1004+4112
Creators: name: Williams, Liliya L. R.
name: Saha, Prasenjit
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: SDSS J1004+4112 is an unprecedented object. It looks much like several quadruple quasars lensed by individual galaxies, only it is ~10 times larger, and the lens is a cluster dominated by dark matter. We present free-form reconstructions of the lens using recently-developed methods. The projected cluster mass profile is consistent with being shallow, r^{-0.3...-0.5}, and can be fit with either an NFW or a flat-cored 3 dimensional mass distribution. However, we cannot rule out projected profiles as steep as r^{-1.3}. The projected mass within 100 kpc is well-constrained as 5+/-1 10^{13}M_sun, consistent with previous simpler models. Unlike previous work, however, we are able to detect structures in the lens associated with cluster galaxies. We estimate the mass associated with these galaxies, and show that they contribute not more than about 10% of the total cluster mass within 100 kpc. Typical galaxy masses, combined with typical luminosities yield a rough estimate of their mass-to-light ratio, which is in the single digits. Finally, we discuss implications for time-delay measurements in this system, and possibilities for a partial Einstein ring.
description: 22 pages, 9 fig, accepted to AJ
Eine Verschiebung der Ungleichheiten: Studentische Lebensstile und das Risiko der Coronapandemie
Creators: name: Schwegler, Guy
name: Hubacher, Hanna
name: Göldi, Hannah
name: Kobler, Michelle
name: Köpfli, Maurice
name: Matter, Samea
name: Räber, Simon
name: Wais, Irina
name: Zurbriggen, Fabienne
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: COVID-19
Lebensstile
Lockdown
Mixed-Methods
Studium
Ungleichheiten

description: Die Maßnahmen gegen die Verbreitung des Coronavirus beeinflussen soziale Ungleichheiten. Der folgende Beitrag versucht, für den Bereich der studentischen Lebensstile aufzuzeigen, wie sich Ungleichheiten nicht nur verstärken, sondern auch verschieben. Die Grundlage hierfür bildete ein BA Mixed-Methods Forschungsseminar, dessen Teilnehmer*innen sich nach dem gewöhnlichen Semesterstart im Frühling 2020 selber in der Situation des Lockdowns wiederfanden. In Anlehnung an Ulrich Beck werden die sozialen Auswirkungen der Maßnahmen zur Bekämpfung der Pandemie über Konzepte von ‚alten‘ und ‚neuen‘ Ungleichheiten sowie Individualisierung gefasst. Damit wird aufgezeigt, dass in der Coronapandemie bestimmte Ressourcen gemäß einer ‚alten‘ Verteilung von gesellschaftlichem Reichtum wieder vermehrt wichtig wurden. Im besonderen Maße stellt diese Verschiebung ein Risiko für Studierende aus sozial benachteiligten Schichten dar. Deren Unterschiede zu anderen Studierenden wurden vor dem Lockdown teilweise durch die Institution Universität ausgeglichen und treten nun in der Pandemie wieder stärker zutage.
Measurements of production cross sections of WZ and same-sign WW boson pairs in association with two jets in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s} =$ 13 TeV
Creators: name: CMS Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Measurements of production cross sections of WZ and same-sign WW boson pairs in association with two jets in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s} =$ 13 TeV at the LHC are reported. The data sample corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 137 fb$^{-1}$, collected with the CMS detector during 2016-2018. The measurements are performed in the leptonic decay modes W$^\pm$Z $\to$ $\ell^\pmν\ell'^\pm\ell'^\mp$ and WW $\to$ $\ell^\pmν\ell'^\pmν$, where $\ell, \ell' = $ e, $μ$. Differential fiducial cross sections as functions of the invariant masses of the jet and charged lepton pairs, as well as of the leading-lepton transverse momentum, are measured for WW production and are consistent with the standard model predictions. The dependence of differential cross sections on the invariant mass of the jet pair is also measured for WZ production. An observation of electroweak production of WZ boson pairs is reported with an observed (expected) significance of 6.8 (5.3) standard deviations. Constraints are obtained on the structure of quartic vector boson interactions in the framework of effective field theory.
description: Replaced with the published version. Added the journal reference. All the figures and tables can be found at http://cms-results.web.cern.ch/cms-results/public-results/publications/SMP-19-012 (CMS Public Pages)
Additional file 2 of Adaptation and validation of the Berlin questionnaire of competence in evidence-based dentistry for dental students: a pilot study
Creators: name: Imorde, Laura
name: Möltner, Andreas
name: Runschke, Maren
name: Weberschock, Tobias
name: Rüttermann, Stefan
name: Gerhardt-Szép, Susanne
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 2. Berlin Questionnaire of Dental Competence in Evidence-based Dentistry (translated into English).
Consistent modified gravity: dark energy, acceleration and the absence of cosmic doomsday
Creators: name: Abdalla, M. C. B.
name: Nojiri, Shin'ichi
name: Odintsov, Sergei D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the modified gravity which includes negative and positive powers of the curvature and which provides the gravitational dark energy. It is shown that in GR plus the term containing negative power of the curvature the cosmic speed-up may be achieved, while the effective phantom phase (with $w$ less than -1) follows when such term contains the fractional positive power of the curvature. The minimal coupling with matter makes the situation more interesting: even 1/R theory coupled with the usual ideal fliud may describe the (effective phantom) dark energy. The account of $R^2$ term (consistent modified gravity) may help to escape of cosmic doomsday.
description: LaTeX file, 9 pages, based on the talk given by S.D. Odintsov (Int. Conference Mathematical Methods in Physics, Rio de Janeiro, Augest, 2004), to appear in CQG, Letters
Curved Yang-Mills-Higgs gauge theories in the case of massless gauge bosons
Creators: name: Fischer, Simon-Raphael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 53D17, 81T13, 17B99

description: Alexei Kotov and Thomas Strobl have introduced a covariantized formulation of Yang-Mills-Higgs gauge theories whose main motivation was to replace the Lie algebra with Lie algebroids. This allows the introduction of a possibly non-flat connection $\nabla$ on this bundle, after also introducing an additional 2-form $ζ$ in the field strength. We will study this theory in the simplified situation of Lie algebra bundles, hence, only massless gauge bosons, and we will provide a physical motivation of $ζ$. Moreover, we classify $\nabla$ using the gauge invariance, resulting into that $\nabla$ needs to be a Lie derivation law covering a pairing $Ξ$, as introduced by Mackenzie. There is also a field redefinition, keeping the physics invariant, but possibly changing $ζ$ and the curvature of $\nabla$. We are going to study whether this can lead to a classical theory, and we will realize that this has a strong correspondence to Mackenzie's study about extending Lie algebroids with Lie algebra bundles. We show that Mackenzie's obstruction class is also an obstruction for having non-flat connections which are not related to a flat connection using the field redefinitions. This class is related to $\mathrm{d}^\nabla ζ$, a tensor which also measures the failure of the Bianchi identity of the field strength and which is invariant under the field redefinition. This tensor will also provide hints about whether $ζ$ can vanish after a field redefinition.
description: 36 pages (including title page and five pages of the appendix)
Tendencje i zróżnicowanie regionalne zatrudnienia w rolnictwie polskim w latach 1996-2006
Creators: name: Stolarska, Alicja
name: Stolarska, Alicja
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Labor and Human Capital
subject: agriculture
subject: decrease of employment
subject: regional diversification
subject: / rolnictwo
subject: spadek zatrudnienia
subject: zróżnicowanie regionalne

description: The changes in employment in Polish agriculture in years 1996-2006 have been presented in the article. An extremely large regional differentiation of the employment rate in agriculture as well as regional structure heterogeneity has been pointed at. / Synopsis. W artykule przedstawiono zmiany zatrudnienia w rolnictwie Polski w latach 1996-2006. Wskazano również na duże zróżnicowanie regionalne pod względem odsetka zatrudnionych w rolnictwie w poszczególnych województwach, jak również na regionalną różnorodność zmian tegoż zatrudnienia.
title: Conception of a Human-Cobot Workplace for increasing productivity with a Vision-Guided Cobot.
Creators: name: Mukadam, Ebad Anwar
Publisher: name: TU Wien
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Human Robot Collaboration
subject: Cycle-Time
subject: Productivity
subject: Error-Reduction
subject: Optimization
subject: Assembly
subject: Automation Feasibility
subject: Machine Learning
subject: Machine Vision

description: Arbeit an der Bibliothek noch nicht eingelangt - Daten nicht geprueft - gesperrte Arbeit (bis 2026-09-23+02:00)
description: Abweichender Titel nach Übersetzung der Verfasserin/des Verfassers
Systematically Measuring Ultra Diffuse Galaxies in HI: Results from the Pilot Survey
Creators: name: Karunakaran, Ananthan
name: Spekkens, Kristine
name: Zaritsky, Dennis
name: Donnerstein, Richard
name: Kadowaki, Jennifer
name: Dey, Arjun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present neutral hydrogen (HI) observations using the Robert C. Byrd Green Bank Telescope (GBT) of 70 optically-detected UDG candidates in the Coma region from the Systematically Measuring Ultra-Diffuse Galaxies survey (SMUDGes). We detect HI in 18 targets, confirming 9 to be gas-rich UDGs and the remainder to be foreground dwarfs. None of our HI-detected UDGs are Coma Cluster members and all but one are in low-density environments. The HI-detected UDGs are bluer and have more irregular morphologies than the redder, smoother candidates not detected in HI, with the combination of optical color and morphology being a better predictor of gas richness than either parameter alone. There is little visual difference between the gas-rich UDGs and the foreground dwarfs in the SMUDGes imaging, and distances are needed to distinguish between them. We find that the gas richnesses of our HI-confirmed UDGs and those from other samples scale with their effective radii in two stellar mass bins, possibly providing clues to their formation. We attempt to place our UDGs on the baryonic Tully-Fisher relation (BTFR) using optical ellipticities and turbulence-corrected HI linewidths to estimate rotation velocities, but the potential systematics associated with fitting smooth $\mathrm{S\acute{e}rsic}$ profiles to clumpy, low-inclination low surface brightness disks precludes a meaningful analysis of potential BTFR offsets. These observations are a pilot for a large campaign now underway at the GBT to use the HI properties of gas-rich UDGs to quantitatively constrain how these galaxies form and evolve.
description: Accepted by ApJ. Revisions include updated versions of Figures 3-9, new table 5, and expanded discussion. Conclusions unchanged. Figures 6-8 will be available in higher resolution in the published version
title: International pricing : a model to efficiently arrive at a regional price differentiation strategy
Creators: name: Hohl, Dominik N.
Publisher: name: TU Wien
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: differentiation strategy
subject: SME
subject: pricing strategies
subject: customer value
subject: price-corridor model

description: Today it is common for Small Medium Enterprises (SME) to be active in the global markets. In the EU 81% of all exporting enterprises are SME. Often these companies are specialized and offer solutions to a limited but profitable market. The international trade comes with the need to price products for customers all operating under different conditions making even a globally used product subject to price differentiation. How can SMEs selling specific niche products in several regional markets reach appropriate pricing strategies? SME often do not have the resources to carry out extensive market research. The present thesis has the objective to develop a model which allows SMEs to efficiently arrive at a regional price strategy. Price driving conditions are investigated and segmented into 4 sections, customer value, market structure, regulatory factors and cost structure. These factors are evaluated and variables derived to form a Price Corridor Model. The model gives an indication on a price for a product in a target market based on minimum-­- and maximum price. Optional price sensitivity by customer segment can be evaluated.
Criteria for the experimental observation of multi-dimensional optical solitons in saturable media
Creators: name: Chen, Yi-Fan
name: Beckwitt, Kale
name: Wise, Frank W.
name: Malomed, Boris A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Criteria for experimental observation of multi-dimensional optical solitons in media with saturable refractive nonlinearities are developed. The criteria are applied to actual material parameters (characterizing the cubic self-focusing and quintic self-defocusing nonlinearities, two-photon loss, and optical-damage threshold) for various glasses. This way, we identify operation windows for soliton formation in these glasses. It is found that two-photon absorption sets stringent limits on the windows. We conclude that, while a well-defined window of parameters exists for two-dimensional solitons (spatial or spatiotemporal), for their three-dimensional spatiotemporal counterparts such a window \emph{does not} exist, due to the nonlinear loss in glasses.
description: 8 pages, to appear in Phys. Rev. E
Two-Loop Partition Function in the Planar Plane-Wave Matrix Model
Creators: name: Spradlin, Marcus
name: Van Raamsdonk, Mark
name: Volovich, Anastasia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We perform two independent calculations of the two-loop partition function for the large N 't Hooft limit of the plane-wave matrix model, conjectured to be dual to the decoupled little string theory of a single spherical type IIA NS5-brane. The first is via a direct two-loop path-integral calculation in the matrix model, while the second employs the one-loop dilatation operator of four-dimensional N = 4 Yang-Mills theory truncated to the SU(2|4) subsector. We find precise agreement between the results of the two calculations. Various polynomials appearing in the result have rather special properties, possibly related to the large symmetry algebra of the theory or to integrability.
description: 15 pages, harvmac
Channel kets, entangled states, and the location of quantum information
Creators: name: Griffiths, Robert B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The well-known duality relating entangled states and noisy quantum channels is expressed in terms of a channel ket, a pure state on a suitable tripartite system, which functions as a pre-probability allowing the calculation of statistical correlations between, for example, the entrance and exit of a channel, once a framework has been chosen so as to allow a consistent set of probabilities. In each framework the standard notions of ordinary (classical) information theory apply, and it makes sense to ask whether information of a particular sort about one system is or is not present in another system. Quantum effects arise when a single pre-probability is used to compute statistical correlations in different incompatible frameworks, and various constraints on the presence and absence of different kinds of information are expressed in a set of all-or-nothing theorems which generalize or give a precise meaning to the concept of ``no-cloning.'' These theorems are used to discuss: the location of information in quantum channels modeled using a mixed-state environment; the $CQ$ (classical-quantum) channels introduced by Holevo; and the location of information in the physical carriers of a quantum code. It is proposed that both channel and entanglement problems be classified in terms of pure states (functioning as pre-probabilities) on systems of $p\geq 2$ parts, with mixed bipartite entanglement and simple noisy channels belonging to the category $p=3$, a five-qubit code to the category $p=6$, etc.; then by the dimensions of the Hilbert spaces of the component parts, along with other criteria yet to be determined.
description: Latex 32 pages, 4 figures in text using PSTricks. Version 3: Minor typographical errors corrected
Weak ferromagnetism of La_{1.99}Sr_{0.01}CuO_4 thin films: evidence for removal of corrugation in CuO_2 plane by epitaxial strain
Creators: name: Tsukada, I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The weak ferromagnetism of La_{1.99}Sr_{0.01}CuO_4 epitaxial thin films is investigated using magnetoresistance measurement. While a steplike negative magnetoresistance associated with the weak ferromagnetic transition is clearly observed in the films grown on YAlO_3(001), it is notably suppressed in the films grown on SrTiO_3(100) and (LaAlO_3)_{0.3}(SrAl_{0.5}Ta_{0.5}O_3)_{0.7}(100), and almost disappears in films grown on LaSrAlO_4(001). The strong suppression of the steplike magnetoresistance provides evidence that the CuO_2 planes are much less corrugated in thin films grown on tetragonal substrates, particularly on LaSrAlO_4(001), than in bulk crystals.
description: 6 pages, 6 figures, to be published in Physical Review B
The self-similar structure of advection-dominated discs with outflow and radial viscosity
Creators: name: Ghoreyshi, S. M.
name: Shadmehri, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Observational evidence and theoretical arguments postulate that outflows may play a significant role in the advection-dominated accretion discs (ADAFs). While the azimuthal viscosity is the main focus of most previous studies in this context, recent studies indicated that disc structure can also be affected by the radial viscosity. In this work, we incorporate these physical ingredients and the toroidal component of the magnetic field to explore their roles in the steady-state structure of ADAFs. We thereby present a set of similarity solutions where outflows contribute to the mass loss, angular momentum removal, and the energy extraction. Our solutions indicate that the radial viscosity causes the disc to rotate with a slower rate, whereas the radial gas velocity increases. For strong winds, the infall velocity may be of order the Keplerian speed if the radial viscosity is considered and the saturated conduction parameter is high enough. We show that the strength of magnetic field and of wind can affect the effectiveness of radial viscosity.
Linear Gaussian Quantum State Smoothing: Understanding the optimal unravelings for Alice to estimate Bob's state
Creators: name: Laverick, Kiarn T.
name: Chantasri, Areeya
name: Wiseman, Howard M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum state smoothing is a technique to construct an estimate of the quantum state at a particular time, conditioned on a measurement record from both before and after that time. The technique assumes that an observer, Alice, monitors part of the environment of a quantum system and that the remaining part of the environment, unobserved by Alice, is measured by a secondary observer, Bob, who may have a choice in how he monitors it. The effect of Bob's measurement choice on the effectiveness of Alice's smoothing has been studied in a number of recent papers. Here we expand upon the Letter which introduced linear Gaussian quantum (LGQ) state smoothing [Phys. Rev. Lett., 122, 190402 (2019)]. In the current paper we provide a more detailed derivation of the LGQ smoothing equations and address an open question about Bob's optimal measurement strategy. Specifically, we develop a simple hypothesis that allows one to approximate the optimal measurement choice for Bob given Alice's measurement choice. By 'optimal choice' we mean the choice for Bob that will maximize the purity improvement of Alice's smoothed state compared to her filtered state (an estimated state based only on Alice's past measurement record). The hypothesis, that Bob should choose his measurement so that he observes the back-action on the system from Alice's measurement, seems contrary to one's intuition about quantum state smoothing. Nevertheless we show that it works even beyond a linear Gaussian setting.
description: 16 Pages, 6 Figures. Comments Welcome
title: Nurses’ Personal and Professional Experiences of Dyslexia in Lifelong Learning: a Narrative Approach
Creators: name: Major, Rachael Louise
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 2017

description: This study investigated how dyslexia affected qualified nurses’ lifelong learning and how they engaged in professional development; a requirement of registration. It considered the educational and professional experiences of nurses and lecturers who had supported registered nurses with dyslexia. A qualitative, in-depth, narrative lifecourse approach was used with participants across Great Britain. The initial study informed the conduct of the main study and interview questions. The main study involved fourteen registered nurses and nine lecturers recruited purposefully through posters and Twitter. Semi-structured interviews were conducted either face-to-face, by telephone or using Skype. Data were analysed using template analysis and validated by the participants using asynchronous online discussion forums. The analysis of the data identified that dyslexia affected nurses in their professional capacity, as well as affecting their learning. The findings further identified how nurses developed compensatory strategies both personally and in practice seeking to overcome negative learning experiences. Transitions were particularly problematic, either between academic levels or practice areas. Disclosure of dyslexia was dependent on supportive relationships. However, patient safety was seen as paramount. Lecturers recognised that early identification of dyslexia was important to enable appropriate support and reasonable adjustments, but is dependent on recognition of dyslexia. The findings of the nurses’ and lecturers’ data were used to develop a conceptual framework to illustrate how both personal and professional development overlap but are also influenced by psychological and social factors. Recommendations from the study note that professional development is required for lecturers to ensure early recognition and support for nurses with dyslexia, along with early formative assessment of written work at university. However, education beyond initial training also needs to take account of the personal impacts of dyslexia and the effects of transitions should be factored into inclusive assessment strategies and support available.
Empathy : the role of facial expression recognition
Creators: name: Besel, Lana Diane Shyla
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: This research examined whether people with higher dispositional empathy are better at recognizing facial expressions of emotion at faster presentation speeds. Facial expressions of emotion, taken from Pictures o f Facial Affect (Ekman & Friesen, 1976), were presented at two different durations: 47 ms and 2008 ms. Participants were 135 undergraduate students. They identified the emotion displayed in the expression from a list of the basic emotions. The first part of this research explored connections between expression recognition and the common cognitive empathy/emotional empathy distinction. Two factors from the Interpersonal Reactivity Scale (IRS; Davis, 1983) measured self-reported tendencies to experience cognitive empathy and emotional empathy: Perspective Taking (IRS-PT), and Empathic Concern (IRS-EC), respectively. Results showed that emotional empathy significantly positively predicted performance at 47 ms, but not at 2008 ms and cognitive empathy did not significantly predict performance at either duration. The second part examined empathy deficits. The kinds of emotional empathy deficits that comprise psychopathy were measured by the Self-Report Psychopathy Scale (SRP-III; Paulhus, Hemphill; & Hare, in press). Cognitive empathy deficits were explored using the Empathy Quotient (EQ; Shaw et al., 2004). Results showed that the callous affect factor of the SRP (SRP-CA) was the only significant predictor at 47 ms, with higher callous affect scores associated with lower performance. SRP-CA is a deficit in emotional empathy, and thus, these results match the first paper's results. At 2008 ms, the social skills factor of the EQ was significantly positively predictive, indicating that people with less social competence had more trouble recognizing facial expressions at longer presentation durations. Neither the total scores for SRP nor EQ were significant predictors of identification accuracy at 47 ms and 2008 ms. Together, the results suggest that a disposition to react emotionally to the emotions of others, and remain other-focussed, provides a specific advantage for accurately recognizing briefly presented facial expressions, compared to people with lower dispositional emotional empathy.
Neural Light Transport for Relighting and View Synthesis
Creators: name: Zhang, Xiuming
name: Fanello, Sean
name: Tsai, Yun-Ta
name: Sun, Tiancheng
name: Xue, Tianfan
name: Pandey, Rohit
name: Orts-Escolano, Sergio
name: Davidson, Philip
name: Rhemann, Christoph
name: Debevec, Paul
name: Barron, Jonathan T.
name: Ramamoorthi, Ravi
name: Freeman, William T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Graphics (cs.GR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The light transport (LT) of a scene describes how it appears under different lighting and viewing directions, and complete knowledge of a scene's LT enables the synthesis of novel views under arbitrary lighting. In this paper, we focus on image-based LT acquisition, primarily for human bodies within a light stage setup. We propose a semi-parametric approach to learn a neural representation of LT that is embedded in the space of a texture atlas of known geometric properties, and model all non-diffuse and global LT as residuals added to a physically-accurate diffuse base rendering. In particular, we show how to fuse previously seen observations of illuminants and views to synthesize a new image of the same scene under a desired lighting condition from a chosen viewpoint. This strategy allows the network to learn complex material effects (such as subsurface scattering) and global illumination, while guaranteeing the physical correctness of the diffuse LT (such as hard shadows). With this learned LT, one can relight the scene photorealistically with a directional light or an HDRI map, synthesize novel views with view-dependent effects, or do both simultaneously, all in a unified framework using a set of sparse, previously seen observations. Qualitative and quantitative experiments demonstrate that our neural LT (NLT) outperforms state-of-the-art solutions for relighting and view synthesis, without separate treatment for both problems that prior work requires.
description: Camera-ready version for TOG 2021. Project Page: http://nlt.csail.mit.edu/
Potencjał ludzki w kraju i województwie zachodniopomorskim (po akcesji Polski do Unii Europejskiej)
Creators: name: Ziejewski, Tadeusz
name: Ziejewski, Tadeusz
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Labor and Human Capital
subject: Political Economy
subject: human resources
subject: unemployment
subject: economic growth
subject: labour market
subject: social policy
subject: / potencjał ludzki
subject: bezrobocie
subject: dynamika
subject: rynek pracy
subject: polityka społeczna

description: Human resources management is becoming one of the main factors determining the socio- economic development. High unemployment resulting from the political and economic transformation in Poland defined directions for the state activity aiming at counteracting the phenomenon at any price. The accession to the European Union opened the European labour market for Poles. Exodus of mainly young, well educated and entrepreneurial people will cause a severe shortage of labour in the domestic market. In this situation, the main task is to improve the position of human resources in the system of socio-economic values. / Synopsis. Zarządzanie potencjałem ludzkim staje się jednym z głównych czynników rozwoju społeczno-gospodarczego. Wysokie bezrobocie odnotowane w wyniku transformacji polityczno- gospodarczej ukierunkowało działania państwa na walkę z tym zjawiskiem za wszelka cenę. Akcesja do Unii Europejskiej otworzyła europejski rynek pracy dla Polaków. Masowe wyjazdy głównie młodych, dobrze wykształconych, przedsiębiorczych ludzi tworzą widmo dramatycznego braku pracowników pracy na rynku wewnętrznym. W tej sytuacji chodzi o waloryzację zasobów pracy w systemie wartości społeczno-ekonomicznych.
Early reionization by decaying particles and cosmic microwave background radiation
Creators: name: Kasuya, S.
name: Kawasaki, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the reionization scenario in which ionizing UV photons emitted from decaying particle, in addition to usual contributions from stars and quasars, ionize the universe. It is found that the scenario is consistent with both the first year data of the Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe and the fact that the universe is not fully ionized until z \sim 6 as observed by Sloan Digital Sky Survey. Likelihood analysis revealed that rather broad parameter space can be chosen. This scenario will be discriminated by future observations, especially by the EE polarization power spectrum of cosmic microwave background radiation.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures, fig 2, table 1, and some typos are corrected
The small hydroelectric power stations as an element of the multifunctional development of rural areas
Creators: name: Bukowski, Marcin
name: Bukowski, Marcin
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: alternative source of energy
subject: economic efficiency
subject: electric power
subject: small hydroelectric power stations

description: Poland’s accession to the EU has caused a necessity of harmonising Polish with the union law also in the field of energy law. It also enforces achievement of 7,5% share of energy from alternative sources in the total energy consumption in 2010. Execution of this international commitment will require more economic and legal support from the state. The development of alternative sources of energy creates chances of development of rural areas where these kinds of installations are being mostly located. This article presents an analysis of the economic efficiency of energy production on an example of 5 small hydroelectric power stations. The analysis is based on a comparison of full unit costs and unit revenue from energy sale. Bigger stations proved economically efficient while for the smaller the break even point is associated with an average water flow of 153 million m3/year.