cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
A study of diversification of Ukrainian agricultural exports to the EU countries and ensuring food security
Creators: name: Britchenko, Igor
name: Bezpartochnyi, Maksym
name: Maria, Borowska
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Agricultural economics
System and network security

description: The article studies the implementation of the European Commission’s “Solidarity Lanes” initiative to promote Ukrainian agricultural exports. Stakeholders of the “Solidarity Lanes” and logistics platforms for promoting Ukrainian agricultural exports are identified. The ways to diversify Ukrainian agricultural exports using road, rail and sea transport are analysed. Measures to accelerate the implementation of the “Solidarity Lanes” initiative to increase the volume of Ukrainian agricultural exports within diversified routes are proposed.
Constraining large scale HI bias using redshifted 21-cm signal from the post-reionization epoch
Creators: name: Sarkar, Tapomoy Guha
name: Mitra, Sourav
name: Majumdar, Suman
name: Choudhury, Tirthankar Roy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the absence of complex astrophysical processes that characterize the reionization era, the 21-cm emission from neutral hydrogen (HI) in the post-reionization epoch is believed to be an excellent tracer of the underlying dark matter distribution. Assuming a background cosmology, it is modelled through (i) a bias function b(k,z), which relates HI to the dark matter distribution and (ii) a mean neutral fraction (x_{HI}) which sets its amplitude. In this paper, we investigate the nature of large scale HI bias. The post-reionization HI is modelled using gravity only N-Body simulations and a suitable prescription for assigning gas to the dark matter halos. Using the simulated bias as the fiducial model for HI distribution at z\leq 4, we have generated a hypothetical data set for the 21-cm angular power spectrum (C_{l}) using a noise model based on parameters of an extended version of the GMRT. The binned C_{l} is assumed to be measured with SNR \gtrsim 4 in the range 400 \leq l \leq 8000 at a fiducial redshift z=2.5. We explore the possibility of constraining b(k) using the Principal Component Analysis (PCA) on this simulated data. Our analysis shows that in the range 0.2 < k < 2 Mpc^{-1}, the simulated data set cannot distinguish between models exhibiting different k dependences, provided 1 \lesssim b(k) \lesssim 2 which sets the 2-sigma limits. This justifies the use of linear bias model on large scales. The largely uncertain x_{HI} is treated as a free parameter resulting in degradation of the bias reconstruction. The given simulated data is found to constrain the fiducial x_{HI} with an accuracy of \sim 4% (2-sigma error). The method outlined here, could be successfully implemented on future observational data sets to constrain b(k,z) and x_{HI} and thereby enhance our understanding of the low redshift Universe.
description: 10 pages, 11 figures, 2 tables. Accepted in MNRAS. Revised to match the accepted version
Supporting Human-AI Collaboration in Auditing LLMs with LLMs
Creators: name: Rastogi, Charvi
name: Ribeiro, Marco Tulio
name: King, Nicholas
name: Nori, Harsha
name: Amershi, Saleema
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Large language models are becoming increasingly pervasive and ubiquitous in society via deployment in sociotechnical systems. Yet these language models, be it for classification or generation, have been shown to be biased and behave irresponsibly, causing harm to people at scale. It is crucial to audit these language models rigorously. Existing auditing tools leverage either or both humans and AI to find failures. In this work, we draw upon literature in human-AI collaboration and sensemaking, and conduct interviews with research experts in safe and fair AI, to build upon the auditing tool: AdaTest (Ribeiro and Lundberg, 2022), which is powered by a generative large language model (LLM). Through the design process we highlight the importance of sensemaking and human-AI communication to leverage complementary strengths of humans and generative models in collaborative auditing. To evaluate the effectiveness of the augmented tool, AdaTest++, we conduct user studies with participants auditing two commercial language models: OpenAI's GPT-3 and Azure's sentiment analysis model. Qualitative analysis shows that AdaTest++ effectively leverages human strengths such as schematization, hypothesis formation and testing. Further, with our tool, participants identified a variety of failures modes, covering 26 different topics over 2 tasks, that have been shown before in formal audits and also those previously under-reported.
description: 21 pages, 3 figures
Olophrinus parastriatus Chang, Yin & Li 2019, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Chang, Yuan
name: Yin, Zi-Wei
name: Li, Li-Zhen
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Staphylinidae
Olophrinus
Olophrinus parastriatus

description: Olophrinus parastriatus Chang, Yin & Li, sp. nov. Type material. HOLOTYPE: J, CHINA: YUNNAN: ‘China: Yunnan Prov., Nabanhe N. R., Xiao-nuo-you-xia-zhai, N22°14.121’, E100°37.09 ’’, alt. 950 m, 20.xi.2008, J.-Y. Hu & L. Tang leg.’ (deposited in the Insect Collection of Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, China; abbreviation: SNUC). PARATYPE: CHINA: YUNNAN: 1 J, ‘ China: Yunnan Prov., Nabanhe N. R., Manfei, alt. 700 m, 05.v.2009, J.-Y. Hu & Z.-W. Yin leg.’ (SNUC). Diagnosis. Olophrinus parastriatus is most similar to O. striatus in sharing the head, pronotum, and elytra with microsculpture consisting of transverse waves, and the right paramere of the aedeagus much broader than the left one. The new species may be separated by the much deeper emargination of male sternite VI, and the relatively much shorter parameres of the aedeagus without a preapical denticle on the ventral surface. For species description and illustrations see CHANG et al. (2019).
description: Published as part of Chang, Yuan, Yin, Zi-Wei & Li, Li-Zhen, 2019, Validation of Olophrinus parastriatus (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Tachyporinae), pp. 490 in Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae (Acta. Ent. Mus. Natl. Pragae) (Acta. Ent. Mus. Natl. Pragae) 59 (2) on page 490, DOI: 10.2478/aemnp-2019-0038, http://zenodo.org/record/5340337
description: {"references": ["CHANG Y., YIN Z. - W. & LI L. - Z. & SCHULKE M. 2019: A review of the genus Olophrinus Fauvel (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Tachyporinae) from China. Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 59 (1): 307 - 324."]}
Learning Through Engaging in Women in Trades Introductory Programs
Creators: name: Skulmoski, Lukas Kane
Publisher: name: Werklund School of Education
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: male-dominated
subject: skilled trades
subject: women-in-trades
subject: women in trades
subject: female apprentices
subject: apprenticeship capital
subject: apprenticeship habitus
subject: manipulation of female apprentices
subject: manipulation of women in trades
subject: Education--Adult and Continuing
subject: Education--Sociology of

description: Framed by my interest in gender and work-related learning as viewed through a critical realist lens, and using a theoretical framework rooted in the sociological theorizing of Pierre Bourdieu, the case study described in this document examines what 13 participants in a women in trades introductory program (WiTIP) learned through their engagement in the program, and how they related that learning to their prior learning experiences. Analysis of participants’ descriptions of their WiTIP experiences, collected via semi-structured interviews, provides insights into why WiTIPs attendees rarely go on to enroll in apprenticeships upon program completion. Findings indicate that participants found themselves in an adult education program that turned out to be quite unlike what they had hoped for, yet one that still saw them learn a great deal. Though they reported being segregated from the real-life apprenticeship practices going on around them, which reinforced in them the longstanding social idea or, in Bourdieu’s terms, doxa, that women do not, and cannot, embody a skilled trades vocational habitus, their stories also indicate that the emotions elicited by their experiences in the program, many of which were negative, helped them learn a great deal about themselves, adult educational programming, and the broader social world.
A remarkable long-term light curve, and deep, low-state spectroscopy: Swift & XMM-Newton monitoring of the NLS1 galaxy Mkn 335
Creators: name: Grupe, D.
name: Komossa, S.
name: Gallo, L. C.
name: Longinotti, A. L.
name: Fabian, A. C.
name: Pradhan, A. K.
name: Gruberbauer, M.
name: Xu, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Narrow-line Seyfert 1 galaxy (NLS1) Mkn 335 is remarkable because it has repeatedly shown deep, long X-ray low-states which show pronounced spectral structure. It has become one of the prototype AGN in deep minimum X-ray states. Here we report on the continuation of our ongoing monitoring campaign with Swift and the examination of the low state X-ray spectra based on a 200 ks triggered observation with XMM in June 2009. Swift has continuously monitored Mkn 335 since May 2007 typically on a monthly basis. This is one of the longest simultaneous UV/X-ray light curves so far obtained for an active galactic nucleus (AGN). Mkn 335 has shown strong X-ray variability even on time scales of hours. In the UV, it turns out to be one of the most variable among NLS1s. Long-term Swift monitoring allow us to examine correlations between the UV, X-rays and X-ray hardness ratios. We find no significant correlation or lag between the UV and X-ray variability; however, we do find distinct trends in the behavior of the hardness ratio variability. The hardness ratio and count rate are correlated in the low-flux state, but no correlation is seen in the high-state. The X-ray low-state spectra of the 2007 and 2009 XMM observations display significant spectral variability. We fit the X-ray spectra with a suite of phenomenological models in order to characterize the data. The broad band CCD spectrum can be fitted equally well with partial absorption and blurred reflection models. These more complicated models are explored in further detail in upcoming work.
description: 23 pages, 8 figures, 4 Tables, ApJ Suppl. accepted
Additional file 3: of Exploring the emergence and evolution of population patterns of leisure-time physical activity through agent-based modelling
Creators: name: Garcia, Leandro
name: Diez Roux, Ana
name: Martins, André
name: Yang, Yong
name: Florindo, Alex
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Summary of results of individual sensitivity analysis. (PDF 113 kb)
Density fluctuation effects on the exciton condensate in double layer graphene
Creators: name: Abergel, D. S. L.
name: Sensarma, Rajdeep
name: Sarma, S. Das
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe the robustness of an excitonic condensate in double layer graphene against layer density fluctuations and the associated charge inhomogeneity, and discuss the implications for observing the condensate under current experimental conditions. We solve the mean-field equations for a finite imbalance in the Fermi energies in each layer and utilize the results in two phenomenological models for inhomogeneity. We find that the stability of the excitonic condensate against density fluctuations is strongly dependent on the size of the excitonic gap, and that transport experiments (such as Coulomb drag) which rely on percolation of the exciton current through the inhomogeneous sample are promising methods for observing the condensate.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures, RevTeX
Improving dynamical lattice QCD simulations through integrator tuning using Poisson brackets and a force-gradient integrator
Creators: name: Clark, M. A.
name: Joó, Bálint
name: Kennedy, A. D.
name: Silva, P. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show how the integrators used for the molecular dynamics step of the Hybrid Monte Carlo algorithm can be further improved. These integrators not only approximately conserve some Hamiltonian $H$ but conserve exactly a nearby shadow Hamiltonian $\tilde{H}$. This property allows for a new tuning method of the molecular dynamics integrator and also allows for a new class of integrators (force-gradient integrators) which is expected to reduce significantly the computational cost of future large-scale gauge field ensemble generation.
description: 5 pages, 1 figure; minor changes
Losses of rare forest invertebrates and divergent rates of litter decomposition under different land uses
Creators: name: Cuke, Melissa Erin
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2012

description: Habitat destruction and fragmentation are dominant disturbances in tropical landscapes, but consequences of these changes for invertebrates and ecosystem functioning are poorly described and explained. In northwestern Costa Rica I used pitfall sampling and litter bag experiments to investigate consequences of two land-use changes (forest conversion to orange groves and forest fragmentation) for litter invertebrates and decomposition. I infer effects of forest conversion and fragmentation based on comparisons of intact forest with orange groves and forest fragments, respectively. Invertebrate diversity differed among habitat types. Invertebrate family richness and evenness in orange groves were 24% and 56% lower, respectively, relative to intact forest. Beta diversity (dissimilarity in invertebrate composition) among orange groves was high, likely due to variation in microclimate with grove age and/or management regime. Forest patch diversity was similar to that of intact forest, and composition was marginally more dissimilar between forest patches than between intact forest sites. Consistency in local richness between intact and fragmented forest was largely attributed to a suite of disturbance-adapted taxa detected exclusively in forest patches. Approximately 11% of the families that were naturally common in intact forest were rare or range-limited in forest fragments. These results emphasize the need for large forest reserves to prevent considerable losses of intact forest fauna. Losses of intact forest invertebrates in both orange groves and forest patches were explained by habitat modification (increases in litter temperature) and were more likely for families that are naturally rarer. Forest conversion and fragmentation had divergent effects on litter decomposition. During the wet season, decomposition was 9% faster in orange groves relative to forest. This pattern was explained by higher temperatures and lower litter cover in orange groves; I discuss both indirect and direct microenvironment mechanisms. In contrast, dry season decomposition rates were 7% slower in forest fragments than those in intact forest. Fragmentation effects on decomposition were explained by the action of shredder and/or saprophagous macroinvertebrates, which enhanced decomposition rates in intact forest but not in forest patches. The seasonal aspect of these results emphasizes the importance of accounting for intra-annual variation when assessing disturbance effects in natural systems.
Aerothermodynamic Measurements in Hypersonic Non-Equilibrium Flows
Creators: name: McDougall, Connor Charles
Publisher: name: Schulich School of Engineering
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: thermodynamics
subject: aerodynamics
subject: imaging
subject: compressible flow
subject: laser-induced fluorescence
subject: Engineering--Aerospace
subject: Engineering--Mechanical

description: High enthalpy arc-jets are unique facilities particularly suited for producing complex flows in the aerospace field, such as the aerothermodynamics of a re-entry vehicle. Arc-jets are often used to evaluate important design factors that include heat shield materials and vehicle design. Characterization of these facilities is important, as studies often aim to match specific in-flight environments during experiments. Due to the complex environment produced by an arc-jet, with effects such as thermodynamic and chemical non-equilibrium occurring in the flow, characterization experiments are significantly more difficult than in conventional blow-down wind tunnels. The current work aims to characterize an arc-jet facility through spatially-resolved measurements of flow unsteadiness, temperature, and velocity. To achieve this goal, a non-intrusive imaging technique called “planar laser-induced fluorescence” was performed in the NASA Langley Hypersonic Materials Environmental Test System arc-jet facility. The experimental data was analysed to produce the quantitative measurements in multiple regions of the flow around a blunt body specimen. A three-temperature low fidelity numerical solver was created to simulate the flow in order to investigate thermal non-equilibrium effects occurring outside the imaging region in the arc-jet nozzle. Unsteadiness in the test section of the arc-jet was minimized by analyzing a subset of data assessing the gas injection configuration. Radial velocity, rotational temperature and translational temperature measurements are provided that can be used to validate future computational studies. The temperature measurements revealed rotational non-equilibrium occurring behind the bow-shock near the specimen surface. Computational results show the facility is capable of producing thermal non-equilibrium flow in the arc-jet nozzle. This work provides the first experimental and computational evidence of thermal trans-rotational non-equilibrium occurring in multiple regions of this arc-jet facility. Significant improvements to the methodology are also identified as recommendations for future arc-jet characterization studies.
Frequency-constrained truss optimization using the fruit fly optimization algorithm with an adaptive vision search strategy
Creators: name: Liu, Shuang
name: Zhu, Hongping
name: Chen, Zhijun
name: Cao, Hongyou
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: Space Science
Information Systems not elsewhere classified
Computational Biology

description: This study proposes a memory-based search strategy for the fruit fly optimization algorithm (FOA) to enrich its search ability, and utilizes an improved Deb (IDeb) rule to tackle the constraints and increase the computational efficiency of the FOAs. Unlike other FOAs that employ a predefined search radius, the proposed search strategy mines the knowledge of both the swarm and the individuals to adaptively determine the vision search radius of each fruit fly. The improved Deb rule predicated on the elitism of the FOAs can eliminate redundant structural analyses in the optimization process without compromising the quality of the identified optimal solution. Four frequency-constrained truss optimization problems are presented to examine the efficiency of the proposed approach. The results demonstrate that the FOA that hybridizes both the traditional and the proposed search strategy exhibits the best performance, and the IDeb rule substantially increase the computational efficiency of FOAs in structural optimization.
Can an AI-tool grade assignments in an introductory physics course?
Creators: name: Kortemeyer, Gerd
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Physics Education (physics.ed-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Problem solving is an integral part of any physics curriculum, and most physics instructors would likely agree that the associated learner competencies are best assessed by considering the solution path: not only the final solution matters, but also how the learner arrived there. Unfortunately, providing meaningful feedback on written derivations is much more labor and resource intensive than only grading the outcome: currently, the latter can be done by computer, while the former involves handwritten solutions that need to be graded by humans. This exploratory study proposes an AI-assisted workflow for grading written physics-problem solutions, and it evaluates the viability of the actual grading step using GPT-4. It is found that the AI-tool is capable of providing feedback that can be helpful in formative assessment scenarios, but that for summative scenarios, particularly those that are high-stakes, it should only be used for an initial round of grading that sorts and flags solution approaches.
Gaceta Punto Crítico No.1 (abril-mayo) / Newsletter Punto Crítico No.1 (April-May)
Creators: name: Plataforma Mexicana de Captura y Almacenamiento de CO2, MeCCS
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: MeCCS, CCS, Sustainability, Sostenibilidad, Mexico

description: El equipo de MeCCS, la Plataforma Mexicana de Captura y Almacenamiento de CO2, tiene el gusto de darte la bienvenida a nuestra gaceta bimestral Punto Crítico con la cual buscamos disolver las fronteras entre el conocimiento muy técnico y especializado para hacerlo accesible a todas aquellas personas interesadas en explorar los temas de captura de carbono y de sostenibilidad. En este primer número (abril - mayo 2022) encontrarás dos artículos de divulgación que explican el funcionamiento de las tecnologías de Captura y Almacenamiento de CO2 (CCS) y algunas infografías relacionadas con el tema en la sección Sí, sí es. Adicionalmente, en la sección CO2NVERSANDO encontrarás una entrevista con el Dr. Omar Masera Cerutti, investigador del Instituto de Investigaciones en Ecosistemas y Sustentabilidad de la UNAM, en la que abordamos el papel de la tecnología como intermediario y puente fundamental en la relación humano-ambiente y en la creación de sistemas sociotecnoecológicos. Por último, la sección Para llevar contiene recomendaciones de libros, videos, podcasts y material adicional que te permitirá ahondar en los temas abordados en esta gaceta. Esperamos que disfrutes este número y, si lo deseas, comunícate con nuestro equipo para hacernos llegar tus comentarios o temas de interés. ------------------------------------------------- The MeCCS team is pleased to welcome you to our bi-monthly newsletter Punto Crítico (Critical Point). A communication and outreach project with which we seek to dissolve the boundaries between highly technical and specialized knowledge to make it accessible to all those interested in exploring the carbon sequestration and sustainability topics. In this first issue (April - May 2022), you will find two news stories that explain how Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) technologies work and some infographics related to the topic in the Sí, sí es (Yes, yes, it is) section. Additionally, in the CO2NVERSANDO (CON2VERSING) section, you will find an interview with Dr Omar Masera Cerutti, a researcher at the UNAM Ecosystem and Sustainability Research Institute, in which we address the role of technology as an intermediary and fundamental bridge in the human-nature relationship and the creation of sociotechnoecological systems. Finally, the Para llevar (Take-away) section contains recommendations for books, videos, podcasts and supplementary material that will allow you to delve into the topics covered in this newsletter. We hope you enjoy this first issue and, if you wish, contact our team to send us your comments or subjects of interest.
description: Contact: puntocritico@meccs.org.mx Website: meccs.org.mx Social media: LinkedIn and Twitter
Quantum Energies and Tensorial Central Charges of Confined Monopoles
Creators: name: Burke, David
name: Wimmer, Robert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study different aspects of monopoles in the Higgs phase which are confined by (non-abelian) vortices in \cal{N}=2 SQCD with gauge group U(N) and N_f >= N massive flavors, including generalized FI-terms. We compute in particular the perturbative quantum corrections for (multiple) confined monopoles and identify an anomalous contribution in the central charge. For N_f = N the results match the quantum corrections for kinks in two-dimensional CP^{N-1} models. To regulate the theory we embedded it in a six-dimensional model with constant U(1) background fields which generate the masses upon dimensional reduction. We discuss the (local) susy algebra and its representations including tensorial central charges, which are carried by the confined monopoles, in an SU(2)_R covariant way. The resulting SU(2)_R covariant 1/4 BPS equations show that there is no correlation between the SU(2)_R and the spatial orientation of the confined monopole system. However, at the quantum level we find that supersymmetry links the spatial SU(2) with the R-symmetry SU(2)_R.
description: 12pt., 45 pages, 1 figure, pdflatex, JHEP3 class, typos corrected
Thermodynamic cost of Brownian computers in the stochastic thermodynamics of resetting
Creators: name: Utsumi, Yasuhiro
name: Golubev, Dimitry
name: Peper, Ferdinand
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the thermodynamic cost of a logically reversible Brownian Turing machine operating in the first-passage time protocol based on the stochastic thermodynamics of resetting. In this framework, the thermodynamic cost of computation is the reset entropy production, which is interpreted as the information reduction by a resetter external to the computer. At the level of a single trajectory, the reset entropy production is associated with unidirectional transitions and is a function of the time-dependent distribution probability. We analyze an approximation that replaces the distribution probability with the empirical sojourn time, which can be obtained at the single-trajectory level. The approximation is suitable for the numerical analysis by the Gillespie algorithm and provides a reasonable average value for the reset entropy.
description: 13 pages, 5 figures
Social Emotions in Cognition and Learning: Integrating Perspectives from the Educational Learning Sciences and Neurosciences
Creators: name: Hachem, Maryam
Publisher: name: Werklund School of Education
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: social emotions
subject: cognition
subject: science education
subject: preservice teacher education
subject: mixed methods
subject: mind, brain, and education
subject: biopsychosocial model
subject: Education--Sciences
subject: Education--Teacher Training

description: Social emotions, like empathy, compassion, admiration, and envy, are dynamic and complex as they not only involve the neural systems of simple emotions (e.g. happiness, sadness, fear), but also systems that support aspects of cognition, memory and emotion regulation. Research in neuroscience sheds light on the nested relationships between emotion, cognition and social functioning, and could provide a pivot for new research on the role of social emotions in education, however, studies that investigate neuroscientific insights in dynamic real-life settings rather than lab settings are scarce. Merging of perspectives from both fields has begun through the field of Mind, Brain and Education, which brings together the fields of neuroscience, psychology and education. The objective of this study is to examine the concept of social emotions primarily from an education perspective while integrating findings from cognitive and social-affective neuroscience. The study is divided into 2 phases (I & II). Through an interpretive methodological approach, this study examines the conceptualization of social emotions by preservice teachers and investigates how experiencing social emotions may impact cognition and learning in a real and dynamic learning setting. During Phase I, U of C Year 1 BEd students (n=107) were asked to define social emotions and how they would use this understanding in their design of classroom learning environments. In a different task, they were asked to reflect on video prompts that were either informative or emotional (i.e. targeting social emotions). During Phase II, U of C Year 2 BEd students (n=12) learned about 2 scientific topics, and worked in groups of 4 to complete learning tasks following similar videos used in Phase I. The final outcome was a collaboratively designed lesson plan about what they learned. Semi-structured individual interviews were held afterwards to discuss thoughts and perceptions about themselves as learners and teachers and their emotional states in relation to their learning experience overall. Emerged findings from the multiple layers of analysis help support neuroscientific hypotheses of the positive impact of social emotions on brain development and learning, and more importantly, shed light on the intricacies of learning in an authentic learning context through understanding the connections between cognition, emotions, and social context. Findings are discussed through a biopsychosocial model, and recommendations for future teaching education programs and learning environments, more generally, are made.
THE EFFECT OF DYNAMIC RIM LIGHTING ON USERS VISUAL ATTENTION IN THE VIRTUAL ENVIRONMENT
Creators: name: Guo, Siqi
Publisher: name: Purdue University Graduate School
Year: 2023
Subjects: Computer gaming and animation
Virtual and mixed reality

description: We conducted a study in the virtual environment to explore the influence of three types of lighting (dynamic rim lighting vs. static rim lighting vs. no rim lighting) on users’ visual attention, and the lighting’s potential effects on the users’ preference/choice-making. We recruited 40 participants to complete a virtual grocery shopping task in the experiments, and after the experiment, the participants were given a survey to self-report their experience. We found that (1) the users do not prefer to collect virtual objects with dynamic rim lighting than virtual objects with static rim lighting; (2) the users do not prefer to collect virtual objects with rim lighting than virtual objects without lighting; (3) if the virtual object has a warm-colored texture, it’s more likely to be chosen when it has dynamic rim lighting compared with static rim lighting or no rim lighting; and (4) properties of the dominant color on the texture of a virtual object, such as the B value is a good predictor in predicting if the user tends to choose the object with rim lighting or without rim lighting, while R, B and Lightness values are plausible in predicting if the user tends to choose the virtual objects with dynamic rim lighting or static rim lighting.
Cyclic Ferroelectric Switching and Quantized Charge Transport in CuInP$_2$S$_6$
Creators: name: Seleznev, Daniel
name: Singh, Sobhit
name: Bonini, John
name: Rabe, Karin M.
name: Vanderbilt, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The van der Waals layered ferroelectric CuInP$_2$S$_6$ has been found to exhibit a variety of intriguing properties arising from the fact that the Cu ions are unusually mobile in this system. While the polarization switching mechanism is usually understood to arise from Cu ion motion within the monolayers, a second switching path involving Cu motion across the van der Waals gaps has been suggested. In this work, we perform zero-temperature first-principles calculations on such switching paths, focusing on two types that preserve the periodicity of the primitive unit cell: ``cooperative" paths preserving the system's glide mirror symmetry, and ``sequential" paths in which the two Cu ions in the unit cell move independently of each other. We find that CuInP$_2$S$_6$ features a rich and varied energy landscape, and that sequential paths are clearly favored energetically both for cross-gap and through-layer paths. Importantly, these segments can be assembled to comprise a globally insulating cycle with the out-of-plane polarization evolving by a quantum as the Cu ions shift to neighboring layers. In this sense, we argue that CuInP$_2$S$_6$ embodies the physics of a quantized adiabatic charge pump.
Magnetorotational instability in magnetic diffusion dominated accretion discs
Creators: name: Pandey, B. P.
name: Wardle, Mark
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the stability of partially ionised, differentially rotating, diffusive disc threaded by both azimuthal and vertical magnetic field. The general stability criterion of such a disc in the presence of axisymmetric fluctuations can be stated purely in terms of ambipolar and Hall diffusivities. It is shown that the disc is magnetorotationally unstable if the sum of scaled ambipolar and Hall diffusivities are larger than some numerical constant determined by the rotation profile of the disc. This criterion suggests that the diffusive discs are always unstable to almost radial fluctuations. The field geometry and obliqueness of wavevector (encapsulated together in the topological factor $g$), plays dual role of not only assisting MRI in ambipolar--Ohm dominated disc but also making otherwise stable region in Hall--ambipolar diffusion plane unstable.
description: abstract modified, figures 4 and 5 slightly corrected; discussion modified; accepted MNRAS
MOESM1 of Initiate Danhong Injection before or after percutaneous coronary intervention for microvascular obstruction in ST-elevation myocardial infarction (DIRECTION): study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Creators: name: Zhang, Xiaoyu
name: Tian, Guihua
name: Shi, Zhaofeng
name: Sun, Yang
name: Hu, Jiayuan
name: Jiang, Yin
name: Zheng, Rui
name: Chen, Shiqi
name: Li, Chengyu
name: Yang, Xinyu
name: He, Tianmai
name: Han, Songjie
name: Zhang, Chi
name: Zhang, Lijing
name: Liu, Yan
name: Shang, Hongcai
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: Medicine
Neuroscience
Developmental Biology

description: Additional file 1. SPIRIT 2013 checklist.
Near-Optimal Deterministic Algorithms for Volume Computation and Lattice Problems via M-Ellipsoids
Creators: name: Dadush, Daniel
name: Vempala, Santosh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Computational Complexity (cs.CC)
subject: Data Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS)
subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 52C07, 68Q25

description: We give a deterministic 2^{O(n)} algorithm for computing an M-ellipsoid of a convex body, matching a known lower bound. This has several interesting consequences including improved deterministic algorithms for volume estimation of convex bodies and the shortest and closest lattice vector problems under general norms.
The Impact of the Innate Immune System in Alveolar Soft Part Sarcoma
Creators: name: Philippot, Alexis Marie
Publisher: name: Cumming School of Medicine
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Sarcoma
subject: Tumor Microenvironment
subject: Macrophage
subject: Proteasome Inhibitors
subject: Education--Sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Oncology

description: Alveolar Soft Part Sarcoma (ASPS) is a rare pediatric malignancy which has characteristically poor clinical outcomes, largely due to a complete lack of chemotherapeutic treatment options, and a high likelihood of metastasis. Further, a lack of pre-clinical models has hampered progression in the understanding of the tumor’s biology and resistance to chemotherapies since it was originally described in 1952. After being in the privileged position of receiving ASPS tumor tissue from the lung metastasis of a 14-year-old female, the Senger laboratory successfully established an ASPS patient derived xenograft (PDX) model and corresponding cell line. Recent literature has suggested that the tumor microenvironment (TME) is implicated in the tumor progression of multiple soft tissue sarcomas, including ASPS; specifically, macrophage have been described as a prominent prognostic marker. Therefore, using this PDX model, we characterized the innate immune component of the TME with respect to the cell populations and cytokines secreted by both the tumor cells and stroma. Unsurprisingly, the PDX tumors were abundant in pro-tumor macrophage and pro-inflammatory cytokines. As data generated by the Senger laboratory had established the susceptibility of ASPS cells to proteasome inhibitor carfilzomib, carfilzomib was also evaluated for its anti-tumor implications on both the tumor cells and the innate immune microenvironment. After observing a number of anti-tumor changes to the macrophage within the TME following carfilzomib treatment, this chemotherapeutic significantly decreased tumor burden in ASPS PDX bearing mice suggesting the TME may be the Achille’s heel to this chemotherapy resistant sarcoma.
Hurricanes Increase Climate Change Conversations on Twitter
Creators: name: Torricelli, Maddalena
name: Falkenberg, Max
name: Galeazzi, Alessandro
name: Zollo, Fabiana
name: Quattrociocchi, Walter
name: Baronchelli, Andrea
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The public understanding of climate change plays a critical role in translating climate science into climate action. In the public discourse, climate impacts are often discussed in the context of extreme weather events. Here, we analyse 65 million Twitter posts and 240 thousand news media articles related to 18 major hurricanes from 2010 to 2022 to clarify how hurricanes impact the public discussion around climate change. First, we analyse news content and show that climate change is the most prominent non-hurricane specific topic discussed by the news media in relation to hurricanes. Second, we perform a comparative analysis between reliable and questionable news media outlets, finding that the language around climate change varies between news media providers. Finally, using geolocated data, we show that accounts in regions affected by hurricanes discuss climate change at a significantly higher rate than accounts in unaffected areas, with references to climate change increasing by, on average, 80% after impact, and up to 200% for the largest hurricanes. Our findings demonstrate how hurricanes have a key impact on the public awareness of climate change.
The limit of N=(2,2) superconformal minimal models
Creators: name: Fredenhagen, Stefan
name: Restuccia, Cosimo
name: Sun, Rui
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The limit of families of two-dimensional conformal field theories has recently attracted attention in the context of AdS/CFT dualities. In our work we analyse the limit of N=(2,2) superconformal minimal models when the central charge approaches c=3. The limiting theory is a non-rational N=(2,2) superconformal theory, in which there is a continuum of chiral primary fields. We determine the spectrum of the theory, the three-point functions on the sphere, and the disc one-point functions.
description: 37 pages, 3 figures; v2: minor corrections in section 5.3, version to be published in JHEP
The Photoeccentric Effect and Proto-Hot Jupiters II. KOI-1474.01, a candidate eccentric planet perturbed by an unseen companion
Creators: name: Dawson, Rebekah I.
name: Johnson, John Asher
name: Morton, Timothy D.
name: Crepp, Justin R.
name: Fabrycky, Daniel C.
name: Murray-Clay, Ruth A.
name: Howard, Andrew W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The exoplanets known as hot Jupiters---Jupiter-sized planets with periods less than 10 days---likely are relics of dynamical processes that shape all planetary system architectures. Socrates et al. (2012) argued that high eccentricity migration (HEM) mechanisms proposed for situating these close-in planets should produce an observable population of highly eccentric proto-hot Jupiters that have not yet tidally circularized. HEM should also create failed-hot Jupiters, with periapses just beyond the influence of fast circularization. Using the technique we previously presented for measuring eccentricities from photometry (the "photoeccentric effect"), we are distilling a collection of eccentric proto- and failed-hot Jupiters from the Kepler Objects of Interest (KOI). Here we present the first, KOI-1474.01, which has a long orbital period (69.7340 days) and a large eccentricity e = 0.81+0.10/-0.07, skirting the proto-hot Jupiter boundary. Combining Kepler photometry, ground-based spectroscopy, and stellar evolution models, we characterize host KOI-1474 as a rapidly-rotating F-star. Statistical arguments reveal that the transiting candidate has a low false-positive probability of 3.1%. KOI-1474.01 also exhibits transit timing variations of order an hour. We explore characteristics of the third-body perturber, which is possibly the "smoking-gun" cause of KOI-1474.01's large eccentricity. Using the host-star's rotation period, radius, and projected rotational velocity, we find KOI-1474.01's orbit is marginally consistent with aligned with the stellar spin axis, although a reanalysis is warranted with future additional data. Finally, we discuss how the number and existence of proto-hot Jupiters will not only demonstrate that hot Jupiters migrate via HEM, but also shed light on the typical timescale for the mechanism.
description: ApJ, in press. Received 2012 July 7; accepted 2012 October 13
Crystalline phases and devil's staircase in qubit spin ice
Creators: name: Kondákor, Márk
name: Penc, Karlo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Motivated by the recent realization of an artificial quantum spin ice in an array of superconducting qubits with tunable parameters [King {\it et al.}, Science 373, 576 (2021)], we scrutinize a quantum six vertex model on the square lattice that distinguishes type-I and type-II vertices. We map the zero-temperature phase diagram using numerical (exact diagonalization) and analytical (perturbation expansion, Gerschgorin theorem) methods. Following a symmetry classification, we identify three crystalline phases alongside a subextensive manifold of isolated configurations. Monte Carlo simulations at the multicritical Rokhsar-Kivelson point provide evidence for a quantum phase exhibiting a cascade of transitions with increasing flux. By comparing structure factors, we find evidence for the emergence of the fully flippable and plaquette phases in the artificial quantum spin ice.
description: 29 pages, 29 figures, 4 tables. Fig. 23 and 24 are updated
Behavioral Mapping by Using NLP to Predict Individual Behaviors
Creators: name: Jafari, Reyhaneh
Publisher: name: Schulich School of Engineering
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Behavioural mapping
subject: Sentiment analysis
subject: Emotional analysis
subject: NLU
subject: NLP
subject: Engineering--Electronics and Electrical

description: "What candidates or team members will do in specific circumstances" has always been an important piece of information for most employees or team leaders to consider when making a decision. It takes a significant amount of time to determine who is the best candidate for a particular job position. Companies are looking for the most efficient method for making this decision. Most of the time, personality assessments are used to identify an individual’s character traits. Regardless of personality type, individuals will behave differently in a positive atmosphere than in a stressful one. Hence, characteristics alone can not predict behavior. Thus, text analysis and the identification of candidate behaviors (behaviorism) now enable companies to understand how people think, feel, and act in a given situation and then choose from a vast pool of candidates the best candidate for the job. By leveraging the existing intellectual property data associated with the behavioral mapping in AccuMatch Behavior Intelligence as well as expert data and using tools such as Amazon Comprehend Service (ACS), IBM Watson Natural Language Understanding (NLU), and Machine Learning (ML) techniques, various methods have been developed and analyzed in order to predict how individuals in a team become motivated, what their individual decision reference is, and what their execution style is. Therefore, this dissertation presents multiple proposed methods to predict Towards/Away, Internal/External, and Option/Procedure behavior and discusses the rationale behind the selection of these methods along with the results obtained.
Characterization of the Effects of Jet Radial Position on Entrainment Ratio in a Subsonic Ejector
Creators: name: Mensik, Ryan Michal
Publisher: name: Schulich School of Engineering
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: ramjet
subject: jet
subject: confined jets
subject: entrainment
subject: entrainment ratio
subject: ejector
subject: alignment
subject: asymmetric
subject: Engineering--Aerospace
subject: Engineering--Mechanical

description: The work investigated an ejector-based intake, the Atlantis Intake System (AIS), in static conditions. A control volume (CV) analysis was presented and used to estimate the entrainment ratios of the AIS. The CV analysis also estimated momentum loss due to the jet’s interaction with the mixing chamber walls. An experimental campaign was performed to validate the CV analysis. Pressure and entrainment ratios were experimentally determined for an AIS in a concentric alignment. Secondly, entrainment ratios were recorded for changing lateral positions of the primary tube. This work showed that the entrainment ratio was insensitive to lateral displacement within normalized radial position less than 0.60. For normalized radial positions beyond 0.6, a sharp drop in the entrainment ratio occurred. A maximum of 18% loss in entrainment ratio was measured. This work shows that there is a minimal penalty to entrainment ratio for small offsets of the primary jet and has the potential to simplify ejector and AIS design.
Search for periodic signals in the dielectron and diphoton invariant mass spectra using 139 fb$^{-1}$ of $pp$ collisions at $\sqrt{s} =$ 13 TeV with the ATLAS detector
Creators: name: ATLAS Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A search for physics beyond the Standard Model inducing periodic signals in the dielectron and diphoton invariant mass spectra is presented using 139 fb$^{-1}$ of $\sqrt{s}=13$ TeV $pp$ collision data collected by the ATLAS experiment at the LHC. Novel search techniques based on continuous wavelet transforms are used to infer the frequency of periodic signals from the invariant mass spectra and neural network classifiers are used to enhance the sensitivity to periodic resonances. In the absence of a signal, exclusion limits are placed at the 95\% confidence level in the two-dimensional parameter space of the clockwork gravity model. Model-independent searches for deviations from the background-only hypothesis are also performed.
description: 47 pages in total, author list starting page 30, 10 figures, 2 tables, published as JHEP 10 (2023) 079. All figures including auxiliary figures are available at http://atlas.web.cern.ch/Atlas/GROUPS/PHYSICS/PAPERS/EXOT-2019-40