cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
FASB disclosure and bank loan contracting: evidence from derivative and hedging footnotes
Creators: name: Chen, Yi
Publisher: name: Macquarie University
Year: 2022
Subjects: Other education not elsewhere classified

description: This paper examines the economic consequences of mandated disclosure changes due to the issuance of SFAS 161 in 2008. Despite the importance of understanding the aspects of firms’ disclosures for their stakeholders, little is known about how the price terms and non-price terms of loan contracts are structured in response to SFAS 161. I employ a difference-in-differences design to evaluate 3,732 bank loans for 1,126 firms in the United States over the 2002-2017 sample period. I conduct a textual analysis to quantify the characteristics of disclosure changes under SFAS 161, addressing (1) whether these mandated changes improve lenders’ understanding, (2) through which channels the implementation of SFAS 161 disclosure requirements affect loan terms, and (3) what characteristics (format vs. content) most inform lenders’ understanding. I find that firms whose disclosures change more after SFAS 161 are associated with lower loan spreads, fewer general covenants, and less stringent but more accounting-based financial covenants. The results from channel tests indicate that the decrease in loan spreads and covenant tightness are driven by the resolution of information uncertainty with respect to the firm value. In contrast, the changes in the number of general and financial covenants are associated with the improvement in financial reporting quality. These effects persist after controlling for confounding real effects, suggesting that the results are not driven by potential changes in firms’ derivative and hedging behavior due to the financial crisis and/or SFAS 161. Overall, these findings suggest that the mandated disclosure changes improve lenders’ understanding. In particular, enhanced qualitative and quantitative disclosures and more tabular display after SFAS 161 matter most for lenders.
Evaluating Outcomes of a Recovery-Oriented Occupational Therapy Programme.
Creators: name: Tan, Bhing Leet
Publisher: name: Singapore Institute of Technology
Year: 2022
Subjects: Occupational therapy

description: Objectives Psychiatric rehabilitation services aim to involve service users in the process of making progress towards meaningful occupation, improved social interaction and community inclusion (King, Lloyd and Meehan, 2007). OcTAVE@IMH is an outpatient psychiatric rehabilitation facility run by occupational therapists at the Institute of Mental Health (IMH) in Singapore. The model of care has been revamped in 2012, to focus on recovery and integrating patients back to community through promoting occupational participation. It offers a range of programmes such as clinical rehabilitation (eg: illness management and recovery, cognitive rehabilitation), vocational training (in retail, food and beverage as well as administrative work), creative therapies and individual occupational therapy intervention. The overall aim is to maximise service users’ work potential and improve community independence. This retrospective study aims to evaluate programme effectiveness, as well as to identify factors that predict improvement in community independence after occupational therapy intervention. Methods 225 patients were enrolled in OcTAVE@IMH in the year of 2014. Outcome measurements such as Milestones of Recovery (MORS), Multnomah Community Ability Scale (MCAS), Work Behaviour Inventory (WBI), job placement and job tenure were collected as part of routine reporting. This study extracted the above data retrospectively and statistical analyses such as paired t-tests and repeated measures were conducted to determine baseline and post-intervention changes in MORS, MCAS and WBI. Multiple regression was also conducted with change in MCAS score between baseline and post intervention as dependent variable. Independent variables included age, duration of intervention, MORS change, type of intervention, baseline score, gender, ethnicity, education and diagnoses. Results Majority of the service users were diagnosed with schizophrenia (n=145). Average duration of intervention was 179 days. There were significant improvements in MORS t(165)= 6.38, p = 0.000 and MCAS scores t(115)= 8.452, p = 0.000 from baseline to post-intervention. Such changes were not significantly different amongst the different types of occupational therapy interventions. However, improvement in recovery milestone predicted improvement in community independence (β = .638, p<0.001). There was also a statistically significant effect of time on WBI scores over the six months of vocational training, F(1.6, 33.5) = 50.97, p = .000, showing that WBI scores had significantly improved. Among those who completed vocational training and were job placed (n=46), their average job tenure was 207 days. Conclusions A recovery-oriented occupational therapy programme led to significant improvement in work behaviour and community integration. Recovery also predicted improvement in community independence.
Shocks in relativistic transverse stratified jets, a new paradigm for radio-loud AGN
Creators: name: Hervet, O.
name: Meliani, Z.
name: Zech, A.
name: Boisson, C.
name: Cayatte, V.
name: Sauty, C.
name: Sol, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The transverse stratification of active galactic nuclei (AGN) jets is suggested by observations and theoretical arguments, as a consequence of intrinsic properties of the central engine (accretion disc + black hole) and external medium. On the other hand, the one-component jet approaches are heavily challenged by the various observed properties of plasmoids in radio jets (knots), often associated with internal shocks. Given that such a transverse stratification plays an important role on the jets acceleration, stability, and interaction with the external medium, it should also induce internal shocks with various strengths and configurations, able to describe the observed knots behaviours. By establishing a relation between the transverse stratification of the jets, the internal shock properties, and the multiple observed AGN jet morphologies and behaviours, our aim is to provide a consistent global scheme of the various AGN jet structures. Working on a large sample of AGN radio jets monitored in very long baseline interferometry (VLBI) by the MOJAVE collaboration, we determined the consistency of a systematic association of the multiple knots with successive re-collimation shocks. We then investigated the re-collimation shock formation and the influence of different transverse stratified structures by parametrically exploring the two relativistic outflow components with the specific relativistic hydrodynamic (SRHD) code AMRVAC. We were able to link the different spectral classes of AGN with specific stratified jet characteristics, in good accordance with their VLBI radio properties and their accretion regimes.
description: 16 pages, 12 figures, accepted for publication in A&A
Additional file 4 of I tweet, therefore I am: a systematic review on social media use and disorders of the social brain
Creators: name: Yang, Nancy
name: Crespi, Bernard
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Neuroscience
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: Mental Health

description: Supplementary Material 4.
Multiaction Pt(IV) complexes: cytotoxicity in ovarian cancer cell lines and mechanistic studies
Creators: name: Tabrizi, Leila
name: Jones, Alan M
name: Romero-Canelon, Isolda
name: Erxleben, Andrea
Publisher: name: University of Limerick
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 34
subject: Chemical sciences
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description:  Ovarian cancer has the worst case-to-fatality ratio of all gynecologic malignancies. The main reasons for the high mortality rate are relapse and the development of chemoresistance. In this paper, the cytotoxic activity of two new multiaction platinum(IV) derivatives of cisplatin and oxaliplatin in a panel of ovarian cancer cells is reported. Cis,cis,trans-[Pt(NH3)2Cl2(IPA)(DCA)] (1) and trans-[Pt(DACH)(OX)(IPA)(DCA)] (2) (IPA = indole-3-propionic acid, DCA = dichloroacetate, DACH = 1R,2R-1,2-diaminocyclohexane, OX = oxalate) were synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, ESI-MS, FT-IR, and 1H, 13C, and195Pt NMR spectroscopy. The biological activity was evaluated in A2780, PEA1, PEA2, SKOV3, SW626, and OVCAR3 cells. Both complexes are potent cytotoxins. Remarkably, complex 2 is 14 times more active in OVCAR3 cells than cisplatin and is able to overcome cisplatin resistance in PEA2 and A2780cis cells, which are models of post-treatment patient-developed and laboratory-induced resistance. This complex also shows activity in 3D cancer models of the A2780 cells. Mechanistic studies revealed that the complexes induce apoptosis via DNA damage and ROS generation
Higher order perturbations of Anti-de Sitter space and time-periodic solutions of vacuum Einstein equations
Creators: name: Rostworowski, Andrzej
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Motivated by the problem of stability of Anti-de Sitter (AdS) spacetime, we discuss nonlinear gravitational perturbations of maximally symmetric solutions of vacuum Einstein equations in general and the case of AdS in particular. We present the evidence that, similarly to the self-gravitating scalar field at spherical symmetry, the negative cosmological constant allows for the existence of globally regular, asymptotically AdS, time-periodic solutions of vacuum Einstein equations whose frequencies bifurcate from linear eigenfrequencies of AdS. Interestingly, our preliminary results indicate that the number of one parameter families of time-periodic solutions bifurcating from a given eigenfrequency equals the multiplicity of this eigenfrequency.
description: 16 pages, v2: minor changes / corrections in text and equations; in particular missing $\theta$ dependence in eqs. (110,111,114,117,120) added (thanks to Gyula Fodor for pointing it out!), misprints in eqs. (28,55) corrected, implicit limits in the integrals in eqs. (71-73,77-81,95-97) made explicit, misplaced Lorentz indices in eqs. (17-19) lowered, 2 references added
Parent Oriented Teacher Selection Causes Language Diversity
Creators: name: Cimentepe, Ibrahim
name: Bingol, Haluk O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: An evolutionary model for emergence of diversity in language is developed. We investigated the effects of two real life observations, namely, people prefer people that they communicate with well, and people interact with people that are physically close to each other. Clearly these groups are relatively small compared to the entire population. We restrict selection of the teachers from such small groups, called imitation sets, around parents. Then the child learns language from a teacher selected within the imitation set of her parent. As a result, there are subcommunities with their own languages developed. Within subcommunity comprehension is found to be high. The number of languages is related to the relative size of imitation set by a power law.
Pretend play predicts language development in young children with Autism Spectrum Disorder
Creators: name: Vyshedskiy, Andrey
name: Khokhlovich, Edward
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Mental Health

description: This quantitative study uses longitudinal caregiver surveys to explore the relationship between pretend play and development in children with ASD. Caregivers assessed the development of 7069 young children quarterly for three years on five subscales: combinatorial receptive language, expressive language, sociability, sensory awareness, and health. Pretend play was associated with superior developmental trajectories: 1.9-fold greater improvement of combinatorial receptive language (p < 0.0001), 1.4-fold greater improvement of expressive language (p < 0.0001), and 1.3-fold greater improvement of sensory awareness (p = 0.0009). Pretend play did not account for a significant amount of the variability in children’s sociability and health. The strong association of pretend play with combinatorial receptive language remained significant even when controlling for expressive language. Similarly, the strong association of pretend play with expressive language remained significant even when controlling for combinatorial receptive language. The association of pretend play with combinatorial receptive language was stronger than the association of seizures, sleep problems, or high-TV exposure. These findings support earlier studies suggesting that pretend play may be an important stepping stone for language acquisition and highlight a potential for pretend play therapeutic interventions.
Least squares dynamics in Newton-Krylov Model Predictive Control
Creators: name: Knyazev, Andrew
name: Malyshev, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: G.1.6
subject: 49J15, 49M15, 93B40

description: Newton-Krylov methods for nonlinear Model Predictive Control are pioneered by T. Ohtsuka under the name "C/GMRES". Ohtsuka eliminates a system state over the horizon from Karush-Kuhn-Tucker stationarity conditions of a Lagrangian using equations of system dynamics. We propose instead using least squares to fit the state to the dynamics and some constraints on the state, if they are inconsistent. Correspondingly modified Newton-Krylov methods are described. Numerical tests demonstrate workability of our modification.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures, to appear in proceedings of the 2017 American Control Conference, May 24-26, Seattle, WA, USA
Subdivisions by body weight and performance of Juniors category rowers, considerations about muscle strength, sprint speed & anaerobic and aerobic power: A protocol for a triple-blind cross-sectional study
Creators: name: Almeida-Neto, Paulo
name: de Araújo Tinôco Cabral, Breno
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Sports Sciences
subject: Medicine and Health Sciences

description: Rowing is a sport that uses bodyweight subdivisions (Lightweight and Heavyweight) for the senior and master categories. However, the Juniors category is subdivided into the Junior-B (up to 17 years of age) and Junior-A (18 years of age) categories without considering the bodyweight division. In the Juniors category, athletes are subject to the biological maturation (BM) phenomenon. Athletes with early BM tend to point out higher lean mass and body weight, which in comparison to their peers with late BM can favor the performance of strength and muscle power and consequently the rowing performance. Thus, it is important to consider body weight subdivisions for Juniors rowers.
Cytotoxicity, pro-inflammatory cytokines gene expression and antioxidant activity of Acmella oleracea extract treated with active charcoal
Creators: name: Raimundo e Silva, Joanilda Paolla
name: Vasconcelos, Priscilla Guimarães Silva
name: Raimundo e Silva, Joanda Paolla
name: Murata, Ramiro Mendonça
name: de Brito Costa, Edja Maria Melo
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: This work reports for the first time the evaluation of the cytotoxicity and inflammatory potential of Acmella oleracea extract treated with active charcoal in THP-1 monocytes. A. oleracea flower ethanolic extract was treated with 4% activated charcoal (TCEE). Later, THP-1 human monocyte cytotoxicity assay was performed using resazurin fluorometric method. Gene expression of inflammatory cytokines in THP-1 cells were evaluated through RT-PCR by ΔΔCt method using IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, and TNF genes primers. Finally, antioxidant assay was carried out with DPPH radical scavenging method. TCEE had a LD50 of 592.5 µg/mL and did not induce pro-inflammatory gene expression in THP-1 cells after 6 h of treatment. Lastly, TCEE (AA% of 69.4 ± 1.4%) and CEE (AA% of 63.0 ± 0.9%) showed moderate antioxidant activity. A. oleracea treated flower extract showed low cytotoxicity in THP-1 monocytes and does not induce inflammation in THP-1 cells, in addition to presenting antioxidant potential.
Gravitational wave from dark sector with dark pion
Creators: name: Tsumura, Koji
name: Yamada, Masatoshi
name: Yamaguchi, Yuya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, we investigate the spectra of gravitational waves produced by chiral symmetry breaking in dark quantum chromodynamics (dQCD) sector. The dark pion ($π$) can be a dark matter candidate as weakly interacting massive particle (WIMP) or strongly interacting massive particle (SIMP). For a WIMP scenario, we introduce the dQCD sector coupled to the standard model (SM) sector with classical scale invariance and investigate the annihilation process of the dark pion via the $2π\to 2\,\text{SM}$ process. For a SIMP scenario, we investigate the $3π\to 2π$ annihilation process of the dark pion as a SIMP using chiral perturbation theory. We find that in the WIMP scenario the gravitational wave background spectra can be observed by future space gravitational wave antennas. On the other hand, when the dark pion is the SIMP dark matter with the constraints for the chiral perturbative limit and pion-pion scattering cross section, the chiral phase transition becomes crossover and then the gravitational waves are not produced.
description: 47 pages, 9 figures, references added; version published in JCAP
Building a typology of farms based on their performance: a tool to support agricultural policy-making
Creators: name: Gómez-Limón, José A.
name: Martín-García, Jaime
name: Granado-Díaz, Rubén
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Within the same agricultural system, there is substantial heterogeneity in farms’ performance depending on farms’ structural features and farmers’ decision-making. This paper proposes a policy-oriented farm typology-building approach that groups farms in the same agricultural system into categories based on their economic and environmental performance. For this purpose, latent profile analysis (LPA) is used, since it enables both the assessment of profile-specific synergies/trade-offs among performance indicators and the implementation of a three-step procedure to account for the covariates that characterize the resulting farm profiles. As an illustrative case study, this methodological proposal is applied to categorize Spanish farms included in the rain-fed field crops agricultural system. The results show that the proposed typology-building approach is useful for agricultural policy-making, as it allows for a better evaluation of how farms contribute to the achievement of policy objectives and the design of differentiated policy instruments accounting for the performance synergies/trade-offs across farm profiles (i.e. policy tailoring and targeting).
Asymptotic distributions of Wishart type products of random matrices
Creators: name: Lenczewski, Romuald
name: Sałapata, Rafał
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 46L53, 46L54, 15B52

description: We study asymptotic distributions of large dimensional random matrices of the form $BB^{*}$, where $B$ is a product of $p$ rectangular random matrices, using free probability and combinatorics of colored labeled noncrossing partitions. These matrices are taken from the set of off-diagonal blocks of the family $\mathcal{Y}$ of independent Hermitian random matrices which are asymptotically free, asymptotically free against the family of deterministic diagonal matrices, and whose norms are uniformly bounded almost surely. This class includes unitarily invariant Hermitian random matrices with limit distributions given by compactly supported probability measures $ν$ on the real line. We express the limit moments in terms of colored labeled noncrossing pair partitions, to which we assign weights depending on even free cumulants of $ν$ and on asymptotic dimensions of blocks (Gaussianization). For products of $p$ independent blocks, we show that the limit moments are linear combinations of a new family of polynomials called generalized multivariate Fuss-Narayana polynomials. In turn, the product of two blocks of the same matrix leads to an example with rescaled Raney numbers.
description: 32 pages, 7 figures, slightly improved version (Section 2 reformulated, a few errors corrected, one reference added)
Impact of modelling foreground uncertainties on future CMB polarization satellite experiments
Creators: name: Hervías-Caimapo, Carlos
name: Bonaldi, Anna
name: Brown, Michael L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an analysis of errors on the tensor-to-scalar ratio due to residual diffuse foregrounds. We use simulated observations of a CMB polarization satellite, the Cosmic Origins Explorer, using the specifications of the version proposed to ESA in 2010 (COrE). We construct a full pipeline from microwave sky maps to $r$ likelihood, using two models of diffuse Galactic foregrounds with different complexity, and assuming component separation with varying degrees of accuracy. Our pipeline uses a linear mixture (Generalized Least Squares) solution for component separation, and a hybrid approach for power spectrum estimation, with a Quadratic Maximum Likelihood estimator at low $\ell$s and a pseudo-$C_{\ell}$ deconvolution at high $\ell$s. In the likelihood for $r$, we explore modelling foreground residuals as nuisance parameters. Our analysis aims at measuring the bias introduced in $r$ by mismodelling the foregrounds, and to determine what error is tolerable while still successfully detecting $r$. We find that $r=0.01$ can be measured successfully even for a complex sky model and in the presence of foreground parameters error. However, the detection of $r=0.001$ is a lot more challenging, as inaccurate modelling of the foreground spectral properties may result in a biased measurement of $r$. Once biases are eliminated, the total error on $r$ allows setting an upper limit rather than a detection, unless the uncertainties on the foreground spectral indices are very small, i.e. equal or better than 0.5\% error for both dust and synchrotron. This emphasizes the need for pursuing research on component separation and foreground characterization in view of next-generation CMB polarization experiments.
description: 13 pages, 11 figures and 4 tables. Accepted for publication by MNRAS
China: Rule-taker or Rule-maker in the International Intellectual Property System?
Creators: name: Cheng, Wenting
Publisher: name: Canberra, ACT : The Australian National University
Year: 2018
Subjects: Intellectual Property
China
International Regulation
Engagement
Geographical Indications
Genetic Resources
Disclosure Obligation
Standards
FTAs
TRIPS

description: Intellectual property has been a crucial issue for China in the past four decades. Internationally, it was central to China’s fifteen-year negotiation on its accession to the WTO and has been a priority in China-US bilateral relations. Domestically, changes in the regulation and use of intellectual property reflect a larger picture of rapid economic and social transition in China. Initially, China was a rule-taker in intellectual property, experiencing pressure from abroad to do much more on intellectual property. In response, China enacted comprehensive domestic intellectual property laws. From 2001, the Chinese Trademark Office was registering more trademarks than any other office in the world and from 2011, the State Intellectual Property Office of China (SIPO) became the world's largest patent office. Today the Chinese government promotes intellectual property protection in its national strategy of “innovation-driven development” and seeks to transform China into the world’s leading intellectual property power. This thesis focuses on whether the large-scale deployment of intellectual property by China in various markets means that it has become a regulatory power in intellectual property, in the sense of being an agenda setter and source of global influence over IP rules. The UK in the nineteenth century and the US in the twentieth were regulatory IP powers in this sense. China’s regulatory and international influence over IP rules is tracked empirically through case studies on geographical indications (Chapter 3), the disclosure obligation (Chapter 4), and intellectual property and standardization (Chapter 5), along with an examination of China’s international IP engagement at the bilateral level (Chapter 6) and plurilateral and multilateral levels (Chapter 7). This thesis also analyses the roles of sub-state actors and non-state actors in China’s international intellectual property engagement (Chapter 8). This thesis argues that China’s role in international intellectual property regulation is more nuanced and complicated than a binary categorization of “rule-maker” or “rule-taker”. China’s international IP engagement is guided by a group of key principles, specifically the principles of IP instrumentalism and a set of foreign policy principles. These principles have been implemented through a process of modeling, while potential conflicts have been minimized through a strategy of balancing. The effects of modeling are compliance and institutional isomorphism which makes the Chinese IP system similar to those of developed countries. Balancing leads to constructed inconsistency and has led China into keeping a low-profile in international policy debates on intellectual property.
Misure isotopiche
Creators: name: SCHIAVONE, Filomena
Publisher: name: OAS Bologna
Year: 2022

description: A Sonia e Luciano e al loro entusiasmo.
description: Questo lavoro rendiconta le attività delle sorgenti di taratura esaminate, ricavate dalle misure eseguite con spettrometria gamma presso i laboratori CNR nel settembre 2020 e che risultano sostanzialmente consistenti con i valori nominali attesi.
Euphorbia pekinensis Rupr. roots: a comprehensive review of botany, traditional uses, phytochemistry, pharmacology, quality control, and toxicology
Creators: name: Liang, Qian
name: Hu, Jia-Xin
name: Liang, Zong-Suo
name: Xiao, Li-Lin
name: Xu, Wen-Hui
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: Plant Biology

description: Euphorbia pekinensis Rupr. is a traditional herb generally distributed in most areas of China, north Korea and Japan. The dried roots of Euphorbia pekinensis Rupr. (REP), famous as ‘Jing Da Ji’ (京大戟) have been applied as traditional herb medicines to expel water and rheum; disperse swelling, dissipate binds and to treat edoema, pleural effusions, uraemia, nephritis, cirrhosis with ascites, as well as other diseases. Recent advances in botany, traditional uses, phytochemistry, pharmacology, quality control, and toxicology of E. pekinensis roots are methodically outlined and current limitations as well as future perspectives also are discussed in order to guide scientifical investigation and rational application of REP. Up to now, 79 structurally diverse compounds have been obtained and characterised from REP, principally including diterpenoids, triterpenoids, tannins, phenols, and 29 volatile constituents. Among which, diterpenoids are considered as primary characteristic and active constituents. The extracts and individual compounds from REP have demonstrated significant pharmacological effects such as diuretic and purgative, anti-inflammatory, and cytotoxic effects. REP are widely used in traditional medicine due to diverse chemical constituents with obvious pharmacological effects. Modern phytochemical and pharmacological studies justified and explained relevant traditional uses of REP and offer worthy clues for new medical fields of industrial application. Nevertheless, a great number of thorough and detailed investigations should be carried out in active constituents, mechanisms of action, quality-marker, toxicology assessment, and detoxification mechanisms of REP.
Entanglement scaling and spatial correlations of the transverse field Ising model with perturbations
Creators: name: Cole, Richard
name: Pollmann, Frank
name: Betouras, Joseph J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study numerically the entanglement entropy and spatial correlations of the one dimensional transverse field Ising model with three different perturbations. First, we focus on the out of equilibrium, steady state with an energy current passing through the system. By employing a variety of matrix-product state based methods, we confirm the phase diagram and compute the entanglement entropy. Second, we consider a small perturbation that takes the system away from integrability and calculate the correlations, the central charge and the entanglement entropy. Third, we consider periodically weakened bonds, exploring the phase diagram and entanglement properties first in the situation when the weak and strong bonds alternate (period two-bonds) and then the general situation of a period of n bonds. In the latter case we find a critical weak bond that scales with the transverse field as $J'_c/J$ = $(h/J)^n$, where $J$ is the strength of the strong bond, $J'$ of the weak bond and $h$ the transverse field. We explicitly show that the energy current is not a conserved quantity in this case.
description: 9 pages, 12 figures, version accepted in PRB
Additional file 3 of I tweet, therefore I am: a systematic review on social media use and disorders of the social brain
Creators: name: Yang, Nancy
name: Crespi, Bernard
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Neuroscience
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: Mental Health

description: Supplementary Material 3.
The relationship between mental health and the built environment: A multilevel analysis of secondary data in England
Creators: name: Huebner, Gesche
name: Oreszczyn, Tadeusz
name: Hamilton, Ian
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Architecture
subject: FOS: Civil engineering
subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences

description: This work explores the relationship between having a mental health condition (dichotomous outcome), individual variables, household variables and area level variables ,using secondary data.
Holds enable one-shot reciprocal exchange
Creators: name: Frean, Marcus
name: Marsland, Stephen
Publisher: name: Open Access Te Herenga Waka-Victoria University of Wellington
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 32
subject: Biomedical and clinical sciences
classificationCode: 31
subject: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
classificationCode: 30
subject: Agricultural, veterinary and food sciences
classificationCode: 41
subject: Environmental sciences

description: Strangers routinely cooperate and exchange goods without any knowledge of one another in one-off encounters without recourse to a third party, an interaction that is fundamental to most human societies. However, this act of reciprocal exchange entails the risk of the other agent defecting with both goods. We examine the choreography for safe exchange between strangers, and identify the minimum requirement, which is a shared hold, either of an object, or the other party; we show that competing agents will settle on exchange as a local optimum in the space of payoffs. Truly safe exchanges are rarely seen in practice, even though unsafe exchange could mean that risk-averse agents might avoid such interactions. We show that an 'implicit' hold, whereby an actor believes that they could establish a hold if the other agent looked to be defecting, is sufficient to enable the simple swaps that are the hallmark of human interactions and presumably provide an acceptable trade-off between risk and convenience. We explicitly consider the particular case of purchasing, where money is one of the goods.
Subdivisions by body weight and performance of Juniors category rowers, considerations about muscle strength, sprint speed & anaerobic and aerobic power: A protocol for a triple-blind cross-sectional study
Creators: name: Almeida-Neto, Paulo
name: Medeiros, Radamés
name: de Araújo Tinôco Cabral, Breno
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Sports Sciences
subject: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: Adolescents
subject: Biological maturation
subject: Performance
subject: Rowing
subject: Sport
subject: Young

description: Rowing is a sport that uses bodyweight subdivisions (Lightweight and Heavyweight) for the senior and master categories. However, the Juniors category is subdivided into the Junior-B (up to 17 years of age) and Junior-A (18 years of age) categories without considering the bodyweight division. In the Juniors category, athletes are subject to the biological maturation (BM) phenomenon. Athletes with early BM tend to point out higher lean mass and body weight, which in comparison to their peers with late BM can favor the performance of strength and muscle power and consequently the rowing performance. Thus, it is important to consider body weight subdivisions for Juniors rowers.
Rural Electrification After the War
Creators: name: Interbureau Committee On Post-War Programs, United States Department Of Agriculture
name: Interbureau Committee On Post-War Programs, United States Department Of Agriculture
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1945
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
Agricultural Finance
Community/Rural/Urban Development
Public Economics

description: Excerpts from the Report: This publication tells what progress has been made in rural electrification so far, what the post-war objectives should be, why an accelerated post-war program is desirable and important, what it should be possible to accomplish in 5 years. Some of the statistics and estimates relate to a 5-year program which could be accomplished with both private and Government financing; some relate only to a proposed 3-year REA program. In reading and using this publication, care should be taken to distinguish between these two sets of estimates. It shows that little more than 40 percent of our farms are electrified and that 3,540,000 farms and about 2,800,000 other rural dwellings are still without central-station electric service. It sets as post-war objectives (1) electric service to all rural people, (2) full use of electricity on the farmstead, (3) its full use for rural welfare, and (4) its use in developing local rural industries.
ESM 1. Information on the 55 sites sampled in a Caatinga dry forest area in the state of Bahia, north-eastern Brazil, in which bat ectoparasitic flies (Streblidae and Nycteribiidae) were collected.
Creators: name: Barbier, Eder
name: Falcão, Fábio
name: Bernard, Enrico
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: Ecology not elsewhere classified

description: Data from: Bat‑ectoparasitic fly relationships in a seasonally dry tropical forest in Brazil.
The shape of node reliability
Creators: name: Brown, Jason
name: Mol, Lucas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05C31

description: Given a graph $G$ whose edges are perfectly reliable and whose nodes each operate independently with probability $p\in[0,1],$ the node reliability of $G$ is the probability that at least one node is operational and that the operational nodes can all communicate in the subgraph that they induce. We study analytic properties of the node reliability on the interval $[0,1]$ including monotonicity, concavity, and fixed points. Our results show a stark contrast between this model of network robustness and models that arise from coherent set systems (including all-terminal, two-terminal and K-terminal reliability).
description: 21 pages
Gauge vectors and double beta decay
Creators: name: Fonseca, Renato M.
name: Hirsch, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss contributions to neutrinoless double beta ($0νββ$) decay involving vector bosons. The starting point is a list of all possible vector representations that may contribute to $0νββ$ decay via $d=9$ or $d=11$ operators at tree-level. We then identify gauge groups which contain these vectors in the adjoint representation. Even though the complete list of vector fields that can contribute to $0νββ$ up to $d=11$ is large (a total of 46 vectors), only a few of them can be gauge bosons of phenomenologically realistic groups. These latter cases are discussed in some more detail, and lower (upper) limits on gauge boson masses (mixing angles) are derived from the absence of $0νββ$ decay.
description: Matches the version accepted for publication in Physical Review D
Patent citation analysis for company valuation in the field of electric vehicles
Creators: name: Qian, Yi
Publisher: name: University of Chicago
Year: 2022

description: The electric vehicle industry is one of the hottest technology sections where patents are essential for companies to survive and compete. The goal of my work is to present EV startups with higher market value locate at more central positions in the patent citation network and to prove forward patent citation has statistical significance to EV startups’ market value, but backward patent citation does not. This study is conducted in four steps: data collection and process, network visualization, network description, and quadratic assignment procedures (QAP). Because this study contributes to practical use in the business field, to ease the use by investors from any backgrounds and industries, I chose social network analysis software NodeXL, which is an easy-to-use and widely adopted add-in to Microsoft Excel. The network visualization presents that, the top two most valued U.S.-based EV startups, Tesla and Atieva, stay at the most pivotal position in the patent citation network. QAP shows strong evidence to support that the number of forward citations positively relates to EV startups’ market value but does not exhibit evidence to prove the statistical significance of backward citation. The results of my study are expected to shed some insights for investors to find investment targets.
Smac Mimetic Compounds Engage Peripheral and Neuroimmune Action Against Glioblastoma
Creators: name: Malone, Kyle
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa | University of Ottawa
Year: 2024
Subjects: Glioblastoma
Microglia
Glioma
Cell Death
Apoptosis
Inhibitor of Apoptosis
IAP
Astrocyte
Macrophage
Smac mimetic compound

description: The Inhibitor of Apoptosis (IAP) proteins promote cell survival and are at the nexus of multiple inflammatory pathways. Smac mimetic compounds (SMCs) are small molecule drugs that inhibit the IAPs, sensitize cancer cells to TNFα-induced cell death, and alter NF-κB signaling to provide immunostimulation. SMCs are currently under evaluation as therapeutic agents against a wide array of cancers. We have previously shown that SMC combination with immunotherapies durably cures up to 40% of syngeneic, orthotopic murine glioblastoma (GBM) models. GBM is the commonest and deadliest primary brain tumor, with near uniformly fatal prognoses and no significant changes to standard of care in decades. Given key roles of IAPs in gliomagenesis and GBM therapy resistance, optimizing SMC-based therapies for GBM has significant potential for improving outcomes for this fatal cancer. Here, I aimed to identify and exploit resistance mechanisms to SMC-based immunotherapies for GBM. I show that GBM cells sensitive to SMC-mediated cell death remain sensitive under a diverse array of microenvironmental conditions. I further show that the central nervous system location limits primary immune responses against GBM, and that the tumor-associated macrophage (TAM) population represents a significant source of potential death ligands for GBM eradication. I elucidate a key role for astrocytes and TGFβ in GBM and TAM resistance to SMC treatment and show increasing dose of SMC and TGFβ blockade significantly improve efficacy of SMC-based immunotherapies. Further evaluating precise timing, delivery methods and other immunosuppressive targets for blockade will establish SMCs as potent immunostimulants promoting anti-GBM immunity. Collectively, SMCs can potently remodel the GBM microenvironment and provide significant immunostimulation allowing for enhancement of anti-GBM immunotherapies, thereby producing substantial survival benefit for this highly resistant and fatal cancer.
Collective narratives catalyse cooperation
Creators: name: Gokhale, CS
name: Bulbulia, Joseph
name: Frean, Marcus
Publisher: name: Open Access Te Herenga Waka-Victoria University of Wellington
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 38
subject: Economics
classificationCode: 47
subject: Language, communication and culture
classificationCode: 3803
subject: Economic theory

description: Humans invest in fantastic stories—mythologies. Recent evolutionary theories suggest that cultural selection may favour moralising stories that motivate prosocial behaviours. A key challenge is to explain the emergence of mythologies that lack explicit moral exemplars or directives. Here, we resolve this puzzle with an evolutionary model in which arbitrary mythologies transform a collection of egoistic individuals into a cooperative. We show how these otherwise puzzling amoral, nonsensical, and fictional narratives act as exquisitely functional coordination devices and facilitate the emergence of trust and cooperativeness in both large and small populations. Especially, in small populations, reflecting earlier hunter-gatherers communities, relative to our contemporary community sizes, the model is robust to the cognitive costs in adopting fictions.
Additional file 1 of NUAK1 acts as a novel regulator of PD-L1 via activating GSK-3β/β-catenin pathway in hepatocellular carcinoma
Creators: name: Yao, Chao-Yan
name: Tao, Hang-Tian
name: He, Jin-Jin
name: Zhu, Feng-Yi
name: Xie, Cui-Qing
name: Cheng, Yu-Na
name: Li, Ji-Qin
name: Liu, Zhuang-Zhuang
name: Hou, Chun-Yu
name: Liu, Xue-Li
name: Fan, Yong-Li
name: Fang, Dong
name: Lv, Xin-Rui
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer

description: Supplementary Material 1.
Score-Mediated Mutual Consent and Indirect Reciprocity
Creators: name: Frean, Marcus
name: Marsland, Stephen
Publisher: name: Open Access Te Herenga Waka-Victoria University of Wellington
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 38
subject: Economics
classificationCode: 3801
subject: Applied economics
classificationCode: 3803
subject: Economic theory

description: Helping strangers at a cost to oneself is a hallmark of many human interactions, but difficult to justify from the viewpoint of natural selection, particularly in anonymous one-shot interactions. Reputational scoring can provide the necessary motivation via “indirect reciprocity, ” but maintaining reliable scores requires close oversight to prevent cheating. We show that in the absence of such supervision, it is possible that scores might be managed by mutual consent between the agents themselves instead of by third parties. The space of possible strategies for such “consented” score changes is very large but, using a simple cooperation game, we search it, asking what kinds of agreement can i) invade a population from rare and ii) resist invasion once common. We prove mathematically and demonstrate computationally that score mediation by mutual consent does enable cooperation without oversight. Moreover, the most invasive and stable strategies belong to one family and ground the concept of value by incrementing one score at the cost of the other, thus closely resembling the token exchange that underlies money in everyday human transactions. The most successful strategy has the flavor of money except that agents without money can generate new score if they meet. This strategy is evolutionarily stable, and has higher fitness, but is not physically realizable in a decentralized way; when conservation of score is enforced more money-like strategies dominate. The equilibrium distribution of scores under any of this family of strategies is geometric, meaning that agents with score 0 are inherent to money-like strategies.
The Chromatic Category: A Connection Between Planar Graph Colouring and Representation Theory
Creators: name: Dallaire, Daniel
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2024
Subjects: diagrammatic category
chromatic category
representation theory
graph colouring

description: The chromatic category 𝒞(δ) is a diagrammatic monoidal category that encodes information about the proper colourings of the duals of planar graphs. In this work, we show that the chromatic category is pivotal, provide a basis for its morphisms spaces, and show that it is related to several other categories in the literature. In particular, under some assumptions, we show that 𝒞(δ) is isomorphic to certain monoidal subcategories of 𝖘𝖑₂-mod and U_q(𝖘𝖑₂)-mod, monoidally generated by the irreducible 3-dimensional representation in both cases. We show 𝒞(δ) exhibits a close relationship to the Temperley-Lieb category, which is also isomorphic to a category of representations (instead monoidally generated by the 2-dimensional irreducible representations of 𝖘𝖑₂ and U_q(𝖘𝖑₂). We also demonstrate that 𝒞(δ) has some relation to the Kauffman skein category. We extend many results of Fendley and Krushkal from the chromatic algebra to the chromatic category.