cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
DIE ÖKONOMISCHE BEWERTUNG VON GLYPHOSAT IM DEUTSCHEN ACKERBAU
Creators: name: Schulte, Michael Clemens
name: Theuvsen, Ludwig
name: Wiese, Armin
name: Steinmann, Horst-Henning
name: Schulte, Michael Clemens
name: Theuvsen, Ludwig
name: Wiese, Armin
name: Steinmann, Horst-Henning
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Farm Management
subject: Ackerbau
subject: Bodenbearbeitung
subject: Herbizid
subject: Glyphosat
subject: Ökonomie

description: Der weltweit am häufigsten eingesetzte Herbizidwirkstoff ist Glyphosat. Während die ökonomische Relevanz des Wirkstoffes beim Anbau von gentechnisch veränderten Organismen in zahlreichen Publikationen thematisiert wurde, ist seine wirtschaftliche Bedeutung für den europäischen Ackerbau nur unzureichend erforscht. Die vorliegende Studie stellt einen Beitrag dazu dar, diese Forschungslücke zu schließen. Mithilfe von Szenarioanalysen wird der ökonomische Wert von Glyphosat für drei in Deutschland typische Fruchtfolgen bestimmt. Die Annahmen für die Berechnungen beruhen auf den Ergebnissen einer Umfrage unter 2.026 Landwirten sowie auf Experteninterviews mit Anbauberatern. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass ein Glyphosatverzicht – je nach Fruchtfolge und bestehendem Bodenbearbeitungsregime – zu unterschiedlich hohen Rückgängen der direkt- und arbeitserledigungskostenfreien Leistung führen würde. Betriebe, die allgemein durch eine intensive Bodenbearbeitung (bspw. einen häufigen Pflugeinsatz) gekennzeichnet sind, verzeichnen bei einem Glyphosatverzicht die geringsten wirtschaftlichen Einbußen; Mulchsaat-Betriebe hingegen wären stärker betroffen. Ferner scheint die konservierende Bodenbearbeitung ohne den Einsatz von Glyphosat unter Risikogesichtspunkten dauerhaft nicht möglich zu sein, sodass eine Intensivierung der Bodenbearbeitung und ein erhöhter Einsatz alternativer Herbizide mit entsprechenden Mehrkosten die Folge wären. Falls die Intensivierung der Bodenbearbeitung jedoch zu Ertragszuwächsen oder weniger Aufwendungen anderer Pflanzenschutzmittel, etwa Fungiziden oder Molluskiziden, führen würde, könnten die Mehrkosten zumindest teilweise kompensiert werden.
NATURSCHUTZPOLITIK IN DER LANDWIRTSCHAFT: ERFAHRUNGEN AUS DER UMSETZUNG VON GREENING UND DER ÖKOLOGISCHEN VORRANGFLÄCHE 2015
Creators: name: Lakner, Sebastian
name: Schmitt, Jonas
name: Schüler, Stefan
name: Zinngrebe, Yves
name: Lakner, Sebastian
name: Schmitt, Jonas
name: Schüler, Stefan
name: Zinngrebe, Yves
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Political Economy
subject: Gemeinsame Agrarpolitik der EU (GAP)
subject: Greening
subject: Ökologische Vorrangflächen
subject: Naturschutzpolitik
subject: Entscheidung

description: Das Konzept des Greenings der Direktzahlung ist zentraler Bestandteil der Reform der Gemeinsamen Agrarpolitik der EU (GAP) 2013. Diese Studie geht der Frage nach, welchen Beitrag das Greening und speziell die ökologische Vorrangfläche zum Artenschutz leisten kann und welche Probleme es im Zusammenspiel mit anderen Politikinstrumenten der EU-Agrarpolitik gibt. Hierzu werden 35 qualitative Interviews mit Vertretern der Landesministerien, Beratern und Vertretern des Bauernverbandes in 13 Bundesländern ausgewertet. Ergänzt wird die Analyse mit anderen verfügbaren Daten zur Umsetzung der ökologischen Vorrangfläche in Deutschland. Die Analyse zeigt, dass Landwirte sich hauptsächlich für die Optionen Zwischenfrüchte, stickstoff-fixierende Pflanzen und Brache entschieden haben. Insgesamt zeigt sich, dass Greening und Agrarumweltprogramme sich gegenseitig beeinflussen und andererseits Überlappungen zu Effizienzverlusten führen Der Beitrag zeigt daher Verbesserungspotenziale zur Politikintegration auf. Die befragten Experten sehen vor allem in den Agrarumweltprogrammen die Möglichkeiten für die Verbesserung der Naturschutzpolitik. Als Vorteil wird die Motivation der Landwirte hervorgehoben. Die Verbesserungsvorschläge gehen in Richtung einer besseren finanziellen Ausstattung von Agrarumweltprogrammen und einer Vereinfachung des bürokratischen Aufwands von Greening.
Generative learning for nonlinear dynamics
Creators: name: Gilpin, William
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Modern generative machine learning models demonstrate surprising ability to create realistic outputs far beyond their training data, such as photorealistic artwork, accurate protein structures, or conversational text. These successes suggest that generative models learn to effectively parametrize and sample arbitrarily complex distributions. Beginning half a century ago, foundational works in nonlinear dynamics used tools from information theory to infer properties of chaotic attractors from time series, motivating the development of algorithms for parametrizing chaos in real datasets. In this perspective, we aim to connect these classical works to emerging themes in large-scale generative statistical learning. We first consider classical attractor reconstruction, which mirrors constraints on latent representations learned by state space models of time series. We next revisit early efforts to use symbolic approximations to compare minimal discrete generators underlying complex processes, a problem relevant to modern efforts to distill and interpret black-box statistical models. Emerging interdisciplinary works bridge nonlinear dynamics and learning theory, such as operator-theoretic methods for complex fluid flows, or detection of broken detailed balance in biological datasets. We anticipate that future machine learning techniques may revisit other classical concepts from nonlinear dynamics, such as transinformation decay and complexity-entropy tradeoffs.
description: 23 pages, 4 figures
On Time-Space Noncommutativity for Transition Processes and Noncommutative Symmetries
Creators: name: Balachandran, A. P.
name: Pinzul, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We explore the consequences of time-space noncommutativity in the quantum mechanics of atoms and molecules, focusing on the Moyal plane with just time-space noncommutativity ($[\hat{x}_μ,\hat{x}_ν]=iθ_{μν}$, $θ_{0i}\neqq 0$, $θ_{ij}=0$). Space rotations and parity are not automorphisms of this algebra and are not symmetries of quantum physics. Still, when there are spectral degeneracies of a time-independent Hamiltonian on a commutative space-time which are due to symmetries, they persist when $θ_{0i}\neqq 0$; they do not depend at all on $θ_{0i}$. They give no clue about rotation and parity violation when $θ_{0i}\neqq 0$. The persistence of degeneracies for $θ_{0i}\neqq 0$ can be understood in terms of invariance under deformed noncommutative ``rotations'' and ``parity''. They are not spatial rotations and reflection. We explain such deformed symmetries. We emphasize the significance of time-dependent perturbations (for example, due to time-dependent electromagnetic fields) to observe noncommutativity. The formalism for treating transition processes is illustrated by the example of nonrelativistic hydrogen atom interacting with quantized electromagnetic field. In the tree approximation, the $2s\to 1s +γ$ transition for hydrogen is zero in the commutative case. As an example, we show that it is zero in the same approximation for $θ_{0i}\ne 0$. The importance of the deformed rotational symmetry is commented upon further using the decay $Z^0 \to 2γ$ as an example.
description: 13 pages, revised version, references added
NMR study of PF₆̄ doped polypyrrole : a potential candidate for artificial muscles
Creators: name: Tso, Chien-Hsin
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Conducting polymer actuators, such as polypyrrole, are promising materials for novel applications because they are more muscle-like and potentially less expensive than common motors. A variety of NMR techniques are employed to examine the ion content and dynamics of PF-₆, doped polypyrrole films in different oxidation states. The ion content decreases linearly with decreasing electrochemical potential, directly confirming the ion insertion mechanism of polymer actuation. With known ion content and deposition current, a doping level (dopant ion/pyrrole) of 0.26 was determined for the as-grown film. A T₁ relaxation study reveals that the rotational correlation time of PF-₆ ions in the oxidized film (10.76 ps) is similar to that in the solvent (8.08 ps), suggesting the ions are located inside solvent pockets rather than at stable sites in the polymer matrix. 1D Nuclear Overhauser Effect (NOE) difference experiments confirm the solvated ion environment in oxidized films, but reveal a drastic decrease in the NOE enhancement factor in reduced films, implying that polypyrrole undergoes a significant structural change when reduced. This change leads to a much less solvated environment as experienced by the dopant ions in the reduced state. Translational motion of the PF-₆ ions in the oxidized films at two orientations is probed via self-diffusion coefficient measurements made using pulsed-field gradient (PFG) NMR. The D values obtained at different diffusion times range from 3 x 10-⁸̄ cm²/s to 5 x 10-⁹ cm²/s. The echo attenuation obtained by PFG NMR experiments not only gives direct information on ionic diffusion but also serves as a potential tool to explore the pore morphology of doped polypyrrole films.
Cross-correlation between Subaru Hyper Suprime-Cam Galaxy Weak Lensing and Planck Cosmic Microwave Background Lensing
Creators: name: Marques, Gabriela A.
name: Liu, Jia
name: Huffenberger, Kevin M.
name: Hill, J. Colin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Cross-correlations between galaxy weak lensing (WL) and Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) lensing are a powerful tool to probe matter fluctuations at intermediate redshifts and to detect residual systematics in either probe. In this paper, we study the cross-correlation of galaxy WL from the Hyper Suprime-Cam Subaru Strategic Program (HSC) first data release and CMB lensing from the final Planck data release, for HSC source galaxies at 0.3< z < 1.5. HSC is the deepest Stage-III galaxy WL survey, and provides both a great opportunity to study the high-redshift universe and new challenges related to its exceptionally high source density, such as source blending. The cross-correlation signal is measured at a significance level of 3.1$σ$. The amplitude of our best-fit model with respect to the best-fit 2018 Planck cosmology is $A = 0.81\pm 0.25$, consistent with $A=1$. Our result is also consistent with previous CMB lensing and galaxy WL cross-correlation studies using different surveys. We perform tests with respect to the WL $B$-modes, the point-spread-function, photometric redshift errors, and thermal Sunyaev-Zel'dovich leakage, and find no significant evidence of residual systematics.
description: 12 pages, 6 figures
Additional file 2 of Characterization of genetic determinants of the resistance to phylloxera, Daktulosphaira vitifoliae, and the dagger nematode Xiphinema index from muscadine background
Creators: name: Rubio, Bernadette
name: Lalanne-Tisné, Guillaume
name: Voisin, Roger
name: Jean-Pascal Tandonnet
name: Portier, Ulysse
name: Ghelder, Cyril Van
name: Lafargue, Maria
name: Petit, Jean-Pierre
name: Donnart, Martine
name: Joubard, Benjamin
name: Pierre-François Bert
name: Papura, Daciana
name: Cunff, Loïc Le
name: Ollat, Nathalie
name: Esmenjaud, Daniel
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Ecology
subject: Hematology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 2: Figure S1. Maternal genetic map related to VRH8771. Figure S2. Paternal genetic map related to CS. Figure S3. Variation of genetic distance depending on physical distance on the VRH8771 (A) and CS (B) genetic maps. Figure S4. Principal component analysis (PCA) of the 35 F1 individuals tested in 2010–2011 and 2011–2012 experiments with root system development (RD), root weight (RW), nematode reproduction factor (RF) and gall index (GI). Figure S5. QTL analysis of the resistance to X. index performed on 60 BC1 individuals. The results of the analysis performed on LG 9 and LG 10 are presented. The y-axis represents the LOD score obtained by the binary mapping and the x-axis represents the 19 linkage groups related to the maternal genetic map (VRH8771). Curves in plot indicate the genetic coordinate (x-axis) and LOD score (y-axis). The red dotted line represents the LOD significant threshold estimated with 1000 permutations for a level α of 0.05. Figure S6.In planta experiment (A) illustration of the experimental device with each plant grown in an individual pot covered by a transparent plastic bell and (B) example of nodosities developed on roots (red arrows).
Power-law distributions of dynamic cascade failures in power-grid models
Creators: name: Ódor, Géza
name: Hartmann, Bálint
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Power-law distributed cascade failures are well known in power-grid systems. Understanding this phenomena has been done by various DC threshold models, self-tuned at their critical point. Here we attempt to describe it using an AC threshold model, with a second-order Kuramoto type equation of motion of the power-flow. We have focused on the exploration of network heterogeneity effects, starting from homogeneous 2D lattices to the US power-grid, possessing identical nodes and links, to a realistic electric power-grid obtained from the Hungarian electrical database. The last one exhibits node dependent parameters, topologically marginally on the verge of robust networks. We show that too weak quenched heterogeneity, coming solely from the probabilistic self-frequencies of nodes (2D lattice) is not sufficient to find power-law distributed cascades. On the other hand too strong heterogeneity destroys the synchronization of the system. We found agreement with the empirically observed power-law failure size distributions on the US grid, as well as on the Hungarian networks near the synchronization transition point. We have also investigated the consequence of replacing the usual Gaussian self-frequencies to exponential distributed ones, describing renewable energy sources. We found a drop in the steady state synchronization averages, but the cascade size distribution both for the US and Hungarian systems remained insensitive and have kept the universal tails, characterized by the exponent $τ\simeq 1.8$. We have also investigated the effect of an instantaneous feedback mechanism in case of the Hungarian power-grid.
description: Extended version with minor changes, accepted in Entropy 22 pages, 13 figures
Additional file 1 of Evaluation of neuroprotective and anti-amnesic effects of Elaeagnus umbellata Thunb. On scopolamine-induced memory impairment in mice
Creators: name: Nazir, Nausheen
name: Zahoor, Muhammad
name: Nisar, Mohammad
name: Nasiara Karim
name: Latif, Abdul
name: Ahmad, Sajjad
name: Uddin, Zia
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Total phenolic and flavonoid contents in extract/fractions of Elaeagnus umbellata fruit. Table S2. % Choline esterase (AChE and BChE) inhibition potential of extract/fractions of Elaeagnus umbellata fruit. Table S3. % Cholinesterase (AChE and BChE) inhibition potential of compound I-IV at various concentrations. Table S4. % DPPH and ABTS free radical scavenging activity of isolated compounds I-IV. Table S5. The chemical shifts of Compound-I in solvent MeOD. Table S6. The chemical shifts of compound-IV in solvent MeOD. Figure S1. Total Phenolic and Flavonoids Content of CHF.Ext and their linear correlation with anticholinesterase enzymes. Figure S2. Structural formulas of isolated compounds I-IV and standard drug donepezil. Figure S3. FTIR spectrum of compound-I. Figure S4. FAB-Mass of compound-I. Figure S5.1H- (500 MHz.) NMR spectrum of compound-I. Figure S6.13C-NMR (126 MHz) spectrum of compound-I. Figure S7.1H NMR (CHLOROFORM-d, 500MHz) of compound-II. Figure S8.13C NMR (Chloroform-d, 100MHz) of compound-II. Figure S9. EIMS of Compound-II. Figure S10.1H NMR (METHANOL-d4, 500MHz) of compound-III. Figure S11.13C NMR (METHANOL-d4, 100MHz) of compound-III. Figure S12. EIMS spectra of compound-III. Figure S13. FTIR spectra of compound-IV. Figure S14. 1H- (500 MHz) of compound-IV. Figure S15.13C-NMR (126 MHz) of compound-IV. Figure S16. EIMS of compound-IV. Figure S17. Escape Latency (seconds) Results of Y-Maze test in different animals groups.
Ordonnance du conseil souverain, portant Règlement pour la taxe des honoraires & salaires des Officiers & Suppôts de la Prévôté & Bailliage d'Avesnes
Creators: name: Plouvain, Pierre-Antoine-Samuel-Joseph (1754-1832)
name: Six, Philippe-Josse-Auguste-Joseph (1732-1793)
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2018
Subjects: Officier de justice d'Ancien Régime
Rémunération

description: Source: http://nordnum.univ-lille.fr/ark:/72505/a0115224001360im5Ol/from/a011522400136ypxWl2
description: Coverage: Parlement de Flandre
description: created: 01/10/2018
description: created: 24/11/1682
Opportunities, Challenges and Way Forward for Uganda’s Trade in Education services within the East African Community
Creators: name: Othieno, Lawrence
name: Nampewo, Dorothy
name: Othieno, Lawrence
name: Nampewo, Dorothy
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: Industrial Organization
subject: Institutional and Behavioral Economics
subject: International Development
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: Risk and Uncertainty
subject: University education
subject: Secondary education
subject: trade in education services and East African Community
subject: eprc

description: The reforms in the services sector have seen tremendous growth in the sector’s contribution of GDP across all economies around the world. In Uganda, the share of services to total GDP is more than half in nominal terms. In this regard, with deeper regional integration among East African Community (EAC) partner states in both goods and services, it is important for Uganda to identify and expand the services sector in which it has a competitive advantage within the region. Thus, this paper tries to establish the country’s competitive services sector by critically analysing the Strengths-Weaknesses-Opportunities and Threats (SWOT) based on key quality indicators and factor cost at secondary and university levels. These include student-teacher ratio, tertiary ranking, foreign student enrolments and wage cost respectively...
Additional file 1 of The feasibility and acceptability of an early intervention in primary care to prevent chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) in adults: randomised controlled trial
Creators: name: O’Dowd, Hazel
name: Beasant, Lucy
name: Ingram, Jenny
name: Montgomery, Alan
name: Hollingworth, Will
name: Gaunt, Daisy
name: Collin, Simon M.
name: Horne, Sarah
name: Jones, Beth
name: Crawley, Esther
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1. Patients coded TATT between 1st April 2012- 30th June 2013. Estimate of prevalence of fatigue in general practice during the period of the study.
Structure and rotation of young massive star clusters in a simulated dwarf starburst
Creators: name: Lahén, Natalia
name: Naab, Thorsten
name: Johansson, Peter H.
name: Elmegreen, Bruce
name: Hu, Chia-Yu
name: Walch, Stefanie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the three-dimensional shapes and kinematics of the young star cluster population forming in a high-resolution GRIFFIN project simulation of a metal-poor dwarf galaxy starburst. The star clusters, which follow a power-law mass distribution, form from the cold ISM phase with an IMF sampled with individual stars down to 4 solar masses at sub-parsec spatial resolution. Massive stars and their important feedback mechanisms are modelled in detail. The simulated clusters follow a surprisingly tight relation between the specific angular momentum and mass with indications of two sub-populations. Massive clusters ($M_\mathrm{cl}\gtrsim 3\times 10^4 M_{\odot})$ have the highest specific angular momenta at low ellipticities ($ε\sim 0.2$) and show alignment between their shapes and rotation. Lower mass clusters have lower specific angular momenta with larger scatter, show a broader range of elongations, and are typically misaligned indicating that they are not shaped by rotation. The most massive clusters $(M \gtrsim 10^5\,M_{\odot})$ accrete gas and proto-clusters from a $ \lesssim 100\,\rm pc$ scale local galactic environment on a $t \lesssim 10\,\rm Myr$ timescale, inheriting the ambient angular momentum properties. Their two-dimensional kinematic maps show ordered rotation at formation, up to $v \sim 8.5\,\rm km s^{-1}$, consistent with observed young massive clusters and old globular clusters, which they might evolve into. The massive clusters have angular momentum parameters $λ_R\lesssim 0.5$ and show Gauss-Hermite coefficients $h_3$ that are anti-correlated with the velocity, indicating asymmetric line-of-sight velocity distributions as a signature of a dissipative formation process.
description: 21 pages, accepted for publication in ApJ
Additional file 1 of Characterization of genetic determinants of the resistance to phylloxera, Daktulosphaira vitifoliae, and the dagger nematode Xiphinema index from muscadine background
Creators: name: Rubio, Bernadette
name: Lalanne-Tisné, Guillaume
name: Voisin, Roger
name: Jean-Pascal Tandonnet
name: Portier, Ulysse
name: Ghelder, Cyril Van
name: Lafargue, Maria
name: Petit, Jean-Pierre
name: Donnart, Martine
name: Joubard, Benjamin
name: Pierre-François Bert
name: Papura, Daciana
name: Cunff, Loïc Le
name: Ollat, Nathalie
name: Esmenjaud, Daniel
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Ecology
subject: Hematology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Characteristics of the 135 BC1 individuals. Table S2. Statistical analyzes comparing data between 2010 and 2011 and 2011–2012 experiments. Table S3. Spearman correlations of the four criteria (RD – RW – RF – GI) in response to X. index.Table S4. Results of the proportion test performed on 60 BC1 individuals in response to X. index.Table S5. Characteristics of the experiments in response to X. index carried out over five independent years. Table S6. Primers characteristics.
A Unified Model of Codon Reassignment in Alternative Genetic Codes
Creators: name: Sengupta, Supratim
name: Higgs, Paul G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Many modified genetic codes are found in specific genomes in which one or more codons have been reassigned to a different amino acid from that in the canonical code. We present a model that unifies four possible mechanisms for reassignment, based on the observation that reassignment involves a gain and a loss. The loss could be the deletion or loss of function of a tRNA or release factor. The gain could be the gain of a new type of tRNA for the reassigned codon, or the gain of function of an existing tRNA due to a mutation or a base modification. In the codon disappearance mechanism, the codon disappears from the genome during the period of reassignment. In the other mechanisms, the codon does not disappear. In the ambiguous intermediate mechanism, the gain precedes the loss; in the unassigned codon mechanism, the loss precedes the gain; and in the compensatory change mechanism, the loss and gain spread through the population simultaneously. We present simulations of the gain-loss model and demonstrate that all four mechanisms are possible. The frequencies of the different mechanisms are influenced by selection strengths, number of codons undergoing reassignment, directional mutation pressure and the possibility of selection for reduced genome size.
description: Latex file, 11 pages including 5 ps figures; revised version; to appear in 'Genetics'
Population and spectral synthesis: it doesn't work without binaries
Creators: name: Eldridge, J. J.
name: Stanway, Elizabeth R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this chapter we discuss the population and spectral synthesis of stellar populations. We describe the method required to achieve such synthesis and discuss examples where inclusion of interacting binaries are vital to reproducing the properties of observed stellar systems. These examples include the Hertzsprung-Russell diagram, massive star number counts, core-collapse supernovae and the ionising radiation from stellar populations that power both nearby HII regions and the epoch of reionization. We finally offer some speculations on the future paths of research in spectral synthesis.
description: Authors' copy of manuscript that appears in, The Impact of Binaries on Stellar Evolution, Beccari G. & Boffin H.M.J. (Eds.). Copyright, 2018 Cambridge University Press. Full text to be found here: https://www.cambridge.org/core/books/impact-of-binary-stars-on-stellar-evolution/5F7496DDDE170B26657D66D5F742906E ). 24 pages, 4 figues
Performance and Survival of Ugandan Manufacturing firms in the context of the East African Community
Creators: name: Buyinza, Faisal
name: Buyinza, Faisal
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Labor and Human Capital
subject: Manufacturing firms
subject: survival
subject: performance
subject: East African Community (EAC)

description: Using the most recent enterprise survey data of the World Bank(2006), this paper investigates the factors influencing firm performance and survival after the promulgation of the East African Community (EAC). The major findings of the paper include: (i)The EAC has adversely affected the survival of small and young firms; (ii) large manufacturing firms are consolidating their position in the EAC market by exploring the increased market size and information technology to increase their output and value added per worker; (iii) Exporters, especially to the advanced markets, have a higher chance of survival compared to the non-exporters. It was also evident that firm size, age, ownership, and business experience of the manager do significantly influence the firm’s performance. Government policies should aim at improving the macroeconomic environment in which manufacturing firms operate so as to reap the benefits of the EAC and increase the chances of firm survival. Specifically, there is need for government policy to create more industrial parks, solve the problem of electricity power outages, and encourage the penetration of information technology across the country.
Strongly inhibited transport of a 1D Bose gas in a lattice
Creators: name: Fertig, C. D.
name: O'Hara, K. M.
name: Huckans, J. H.
name: Rolston, S. L.
name: Phillips, W. D.
name: Porto, J. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the observation of strongly damped dipole oscillations of a quantum degenerate 1D atomic Bose gas in a combined harmonic and optical lattice potential. Damping is significant for very shallow axial lattices (0.25 photon recoil energies), and increases dramatically with increasing lattice depth, such that the gas becomes nearly immobile for times an order of magnitude longer than the single-particle tunneling time. Surprisingly, we see no broadening of the atomic quasimomentum distribution after damped motion. Recent theoretical work suggests that quantum fluctuations can strongly damp dipole oscillations of 1D atomic Bose gas, providing a possible explanation for our observations.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
title: Sonic Dome – Grundlagen der Veranstaltungsimmobilie und Bedarfsstudie zum Bau und Betrieb einer neuen Multifunktionsarena für Wien
Creators: name: Mayr-Melnhof Saurau, Ferdinand
Publisher: name: TU Wien
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Stadthalle
subject: Sonderimmobilien
subject: Veranstaltungshalle
subject: Multifunktionshalle
subject: Mehrzweckhalle
subject: Stadthalle
subject: Sonderimmobilien
subject: Veranstaltungshalle
subject: Multifunktionshalle
subject: Mehrzweckhalle

description: Große Publikumsveranstaltungen haben auf Grund der Anzahl der an ihrer Umsetzung beteiligten Personen und Unternehmen und der Vielzahl an mit ihnen direkt und indirekt verbundenen Leistungen ein bedeutendes wirtschaftliches Gewicht. Der mit der Planung, Finanzierung und Durchführung eines Events betraute Veranstalter hat unter anderem die Aufgabe eine technisch und wirtschaftlich geeignete Veranstaltungsfläche zu beschaffen. Indoor-Events finden in eigens dafür konzeptionierten Veranstaltungshallen statt. Diese Hallen gehören als Veranstaltungsimmobilien zur Gruppe der Gewerbeimmobilien und stellen auf Grund ihres hochspezialisierten Charakters, ihrer hohen Anschaffungskosten, der im Regelfall ausbleibenden Nachnutzungsmöglichkeit und dem mittel- und langfristig schwer prognostizierbarem Nutzungsverhalten ein hochriskantes Investment dar. Multifunktionshallen haben im Gegensatz zu single use-Hallen den Vorteil, nicht auf ein bestimmtes Veranstaltungsgenre eingeschränkt zu sein und besitzen somit ein erhöhtes Auslastungspotential. Der Betrieb von Multifunktionsarenen kann mit der Verwaltung herkömmlicher Gewerbeimmobilien auf Grund seiner Komplexität nicht verglichen werden. Nicht zuletzt deshalb werden Multifunktionshallen häufig als klassische Betreiberimmobilien bewirtschaftet. In so gut wie allen großen Multifunktionshallen in Westeuropa ist eine finanzielle Involvierung der öffentlichen Hand gegeben. Im Regelfall ist eine gewinnbringende Bewirtschaftung von Mehrzweckhallen nur durch die Einnahmen aus der Vermietung der Halle an Veranstalter nicht (mehr) möglich. Erfolgreich betriebene Hallen stützen sich daher auf zusätzliche Umsätze, wie insbesondere Gastronomieleistungen und VIPLeistungen. Die Halle D der Wiener Stadthalle ist Österreichs größte und einzige Multifunktionshalle des großen Segments. Trotz ihrer derzeit verhältnismäßig guten Auslastung, wird die Halle D mittel- und langfristig auf Grund standortbezogener, baukonstruktiver und betriebsstruktureller Faktoren nicht konkurrenzfähig bleiben können. Aus diesen Überlegungen lässt sich ein grundsätzlicher Bedarf für eine Errichtung einer neuen Multifunktionshalle in Wien ableiten. Neben einem besseren Standort sollte die neue Halle dem Vorbild von erfolgreich betriebenen Konkurrenzbetrieben, wie dem Hallenstadion Zürich oder der Lanxess Arena Köln folgen und ein umfassendes Gastronomie- und VIP-Konzept aufweisen. Durch diese sekundären Einnahmequellen kann in Kombination mit der Hallenvermietung ein gewinnbringender Betrieb erzielt werden.
Multi-granularity Contrastive Cross-modal Collaborative Generation for End-to-End Long-term Video Question Answering
Creators: name: Yu, Ting
name: Fu, Kunhao
name: Zhang, Jian
name: Huang, Qingming
name: Yu, Jun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Long-term Video Question Answering (VideoQA) is a challenging vision-and-language bridging task focusing on semantic understanding of untrimmed long-term videos and diverse free-form questions, simultaneously emphasizing comprehensive cross-modal reasoning to yield precise answers. The canonical approaches often rely on off-the-shelf feature extractors to detour the expensive computation overhead, but often result in domain-independent modality-unrelated representations. Furthermore, the inherent gradient blocking between unimodal comprehension and cross-modal interaction hinders reliable answer generation. In contrast, recent emerging successful video-language pre-training models enable cost-effective end-to-end modeling but fall short in domain-specific ratiocination and exhibit disparities in task formulation. Toward this end, we present an entirely end-to-end solution for long-term VideoQA: Multi-granularity Contrastive cross-modal collaborative Generation (MCG) model. To derive discriminative representations possessing high visual concepts, we introduce Joint Unimodal Modeling (JUM) on a clip-bone architecture and leverage Multi-granularity Contrastive Learning (MCL) to harness the intrinsically or explicitly exhibited semantic correspondences. To alleviate the task formulation discrepancy problem, we propose a Cross-modal Collaborative Generation (CCG) module to reformulate VideoQA as a generative task instead of the conventional classification scheme, empowering the model with the capability for cross-modal high-semantic fusion and generation so as to rationalize and answer. Extensive experiments conducted on six publicly available VideoQA datasets underscore the superiority of our proposed method.
description: Transactions on Image Processing
Cost-effectiveness of water interventions: The case for public stand-posts and bore-holes in reducing diarrhoea among urban households in Uganda
Creators: name: Barungi, Mildred
name: Kasirye, Ibrahim
name: Barungi, Mildred
name: Kasirye, Ibrahim
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Health Economics and Policy
subject: Institutional and Behavioral Economics
subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: Risk and Uncertainty
subject: Burden of diarrhoea
subject: DALYS
subject: water interventions
subject: Uganda
subject: eprc

description: In Uganda, water-borne diseases, especially diarrhoea still remain a big challenge to attainment of water related Millennium Development Goals. Compared to adults, children below the age of 6 years face a higher burden of diarrhoea, with the incidence estimated at 51 per 1000. Uganda has earmarked large amounts of resources for water related interventions but still the current levels of spending are inadequate to ensure that everyone gets access to improved drinkingwater. Given that funding is limited, policy makers in the water sector are concerned with how best to allocate scarce resources. To address part of this concern, this paper analysed the cost effectiveness of public stand-posts and boreholes in reducing the burden of diarrhoea among infants. The analysis involved computation of the Disability Adjusted Life Years (DALY) and public and social costs per DALY. Findings revealed that the average public cost per DALY is remarkably lower for public stand-posts than for boreholes. Additionally, the net social cost per DALY is lower for public stand-posts than for boreholes. The implication is that public stand-posts are more cost effective than boreholes in reducing the burden of diarrhoea. However, given the currently limited level of funding to the water sector, expanding coverage of public stand-posts would require external budget assistance.
Nanorod Size Dependence of Coherent Coupling between Individual and Collective Excitations via Transverse Electromagnetic Field
Creators: name: Iio, Masayuki
name: Yokoyama, Tomohiro
name: Inaoka, Takeshi
name: Ishihara, Hajime
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Plasmon is a collective excitation in metals formed through the Coulomb interaction between individual excitations of electron-hole pairs. In many previous studies on the plasmonic response, the role of the longitudinal field has been focused almost exclusively on the light-induced plasmonic phenomena, e.g., hot-carrier generation. In our previous study [Phys. Rev. B 105, 165408 (2022)], we have revealed the significant contribution of the transverse electromagnetic field to connect plasmons and electron-hole pairs in nanostructures based on the self-consistent and nonlocal response theory. In this study, we examine how this contribution appears depending on the system parameters, e.g., length and refractive index. The elucidation of roles of coherent coupling between the collective and individual excitations by the transverse field will lead to the principle of controlling bidirectional energy transfer between the plasmons and electron-hole pairs, which could significantly enhance hot-carrier generation efficiency.
description: 17 pages, 4 figures, accepted in J. Phys. Soc. Jpn
Population Synthesis of Massive Close Binary Evolution
Creators: name: Eldridge, J. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Binary population synthesis is the method by which predictions of varied observables of stellar populations can be made from theoretical models of binary stellar evolution. Binary stars have many more possible evolutionary outcomes compared to single stars and the relative rates of the different pathways, such as the rates of different supernova types, depend on uncertain or poorly constrained physics. In this Chapter we describe population synthesis, outline the major uncertainties and discuss the relevant predictions for core-collapse supernovae. After we overview single star evolution we outline the important physical processes that occur in binaries including Roche-lobe overflow, common-envelope evolution and supernova kicks. We also discuss how a synthetic stellar population incorporating interacting binaries can be constructed and how uncertainties, such as the strength of supernova kicks, affect any predictions. We illustrate the process by comparing predictions for the stellar populations in two young star clusters. We then discuss the important predictions from population synthesis for understanding core-collapse supernovae, their delay-time distribution and their progenitor stars. Finally we discuss how we can predict the rate of mergers of compact remnants and thus predict the initial parameters of gravitational wave sources.
description: Author version of a chapter for the 'Handbook of Supernovae', edited by A. Alsabti and P. Murdin, Springer. 22 pages, 4 figures, 1 table
Modeling and Finite Element Analysis of Universal Joint
Creators: name: Kanishk Yadav
name: Harshit Jain
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mechanical Engineering
subject: FOS: Mechanical engineering

description: A universal joint, also known as a Hooke's joint, is a joint or coupling that connects rigid rods with angled axes. It's commonly found in rotary motion transmission shafts. It consists of a cross shaft linking two hinges that are close together and oriented at 90 degrees to each other. The objective of this project is to design and understand the working of the universal joint. Also, to determine the stresses, strains and element displacement in the existing design of the universal joint. If the existing design shows some failure, then suggest a minimum factor of safety for the joint. In this project, only the static FEA of the universal joint has been performed by the use of the Fusion 360 software. The simulation was carried out in the Static structural analysis module in the Fusion.
Measurement of the Lambda^0_b lifetime in the decay Lambda^0_b -> J/psi Lambda^0 with the D0 Detector
Creators: name: D0 Collaboration
name: Abazov, V. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present measurements of the Lambda^0_b lifetime in the exclusive decay channel Lambda^0_{b}->J/psi Lambda^0, with J/psi to mu+ mu- and Lambda^0 to p pi-, the B^0 lifetime in the decay B^0 -> J/psi K^0_S with J/psi to mu+ mu- and K^0_S to pi+ pi-, and the ratio of these lifetimes. The analysis is based on approximately 250 pb^{-1} of data recorded with the D0 detector in pp(bar) collisions at sqrt{s}=1.96 TeV. The Lambda^0_b lifetime is determined to be tau(Lambda^0_b) = 1.22 +0.22/-0.18 (stat) +/- 0.04 (syst) ps, the B^0 lifetime tau(B^0) = 1.40 +0.11/-0.10 (stat) +/- 0.03 (syst) ps, and the ratio tau(Lambda^0_b)/tau(B^0) = 0.87 +0.17/-0.14 (stat) +/- 0.03 (syst). In contrast with previous measurements using semileptonic decays, this is the first determination of the Lambda^0_b lifetime based on a fully reconstructed decay channel.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures, Submitted to Physical Review Letters, v2: Added FNAL Pub-number
TRADE, REVENUE AND WELFARE EFFECTS OF THE EAST AFRICAN COMMUNITY CUSTOMS UNION PRINCIPLE OF ASYMMETRY ON UGANDA: AN APPLICATION OF WITS-SMART SIMULATION MODEL
Creators: name: Othieno, Lawrence
name: Shinyekwa, Isaac
name: Othieno, Lawrence
name: Shinyekwa, Isaac
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: International Development
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: Production Economics
subject: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
subject: Risk and Uncertainty
subject: Trade
subject: Welfare
subject: Revenue
subject: Category B Products
subject: SMART
subject: Principle of Asymmetry

description: Using the WITS-SMART simulation model, this paper provides insights on the effects of the East African Community Customs Union principle of asymmetry on Uganda with regard to trade, welfare and revenue effects since 2005. The end to the phased tariff reduction on category B products (these products were treated as sensitive products in 2005) increased trade creation and welfare effects. This effect shall have a reflection on consumer surplus in terms of reduced prices. The results also suggest that government shall incur a tariff revenue loss which should not be ignored given the fluctuating growth in the general trade tax revenue; hence the need to strengthen domestic ability to mobilise revenue or seek alternative source of funding. The results also suggest that to realise more trade created and welfare, effective elimination of non-tariff barriers to trade that would affect the expected benefits accruing from the trade reforms within the region is necessary. The diversion effect resulting from the CET on respective products like woven fabrics of cotton, soap products and paints and vanishes by inefficient producers within the union could equally be displaced through building specialised capacity in the sectors.
title: 01_0567
Creators: name: Wesley Baldwin, John
name: Baldwin, John W.
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: LaMOP
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris

description: L'ensemble de ces notes ont été crée par John Baldwin lors d'une de ses premières périodes de résidence à Paris. Ces documents comprennent tous les magistri qu’il avait pu rencontrer dans ses sources. Aux XIIème et XIIIème siècles, les universités n'existant pas encore, le titre de magister s'il évoque certainement une compétence n'est pas rattaché de façon systématique au passage par les écoles. De surcroît, les magistris sont le plus souvent désignés par leur seul prénom. La lecture de ces données est donc difficile et suppose un long travail pour tenter d'identifier un individu auquel on pourrait rattacher plusieurs mentions. John Baldwin avait donc renoncé à utiliser ces données pour donner un prolongement à sa magnifique étude sur les gradués d'université et leur emploi par les Capétiens et les Plantagenêts. Néanmoins, il a conservé ces données et elles sont potentiellement très utile dans le cadre de Studium, comme le sont toutes les mentions dans les volumes des Fasti Ecclesiae Gallicanae de chanoines portant ce titre de magister sans autres précisions. L'ampleur des dépouillements rend ces données très utiles et nous devons une grande reconnaissance à John Baldwin pour avoir pris la peine de faire photocopier ses fiches et de nous les avoir transmises amicalement.
Les données ainsi que les images des fiches sont accessibles sur le site Internet à l'adresse suivante : http://studium-baldwin.lamop.fr/.
Les transcriptions des fiches ont été effectuées par des étudiants de Paris 1 Panthéon - Sorbonne mais elles n'ont pas été corrigées par la suite.
description: Relation: https://lamop.hypotheses.org/