cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Valeriana tripteris Linnaeus, 1753, spec. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1753
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Dipsacales
Caprifoliaceae
Valeriana
Valeriana tripteris

description: Valeriana tripteris, spec. nov.
7. Valeriana floribus triandris, foliis radicalibus cordatis; caulinis ternatis lanceolatis serratis.
 Valeriana floribus triandris, foliis radicalibus cordatis, aliis laciniatis. Sauv. monsp. 276.
 Valeriana alpina prima. Bauh. pin. 165. prodr. 86. t.86.
 Valeriana alpina altera. Bauh. pin. 165.
 Valeriana alpina minor, planta palmaris. Pluk. alm. 380. t.231. f.7.
 Valeriana minima, planta uncialis. Pluk. alm. 380. t.231. f.8.
 Habitat in alpibus Helvetiae .
 Involucra propria sunt diphylla, setacea. ♃
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1753, Species plantarum: exhibentes plantas rite cognitas, ad genera relatas, cum differentiis specificis, nominibus trivialibus, synonymis selectis, locis natalibus, secundum systema sexuale digestas, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on page 32, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.3931989
Vocal laziness by sex: Supplementary figures from Poor neuro-motor tuning of the human larynx: a comparison of sung and whistled pitch imitation
Creators: name: Belyk, Michel
name: Johnson, Joseph F.
name: Kotz, Sonja A.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Neuroscience
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 60801 Animal Behaviour

description: Median imitation inaccuracy is plotted for each stimulus note following the chromatic scale. Singing and whistling are plotted for females in the top panel and for males in the bottom panel. Behaviours are plotted on a common scale to facilitate comparisons (starting from A2, A3 and A5). The grey area encloses the interquartile range. The dotted line indicates a maximally accurate imitation score. Positive scores indicate imitations that were sharp and negative scores indicate imitations that were flat. Solid lines in the top portion of the figure indicate the ranges of participants’ spontaneous singing and whistling pitches. Participant's spontaneous pitches tended to occupy the lower end of the range of the stimulus range for singing and the upper end of the stimulus range for whistling. For both modes of production, accuracy was best for notes within the range of spontaneous pitches. Hence, while participants sung flat on average, they did not consistently transpose melodies downwards. Rather, participants shifted sung notes towards a point within the range of habitually produced pitches. This point may reflect a configuration of least vocal effort, distance from which may make pitch production more effortful. Vocal laziness, or a conservation of vocal effort, may lead singers to compress sung notes towards the pitch associated with a default or preferred configuration of the larynx.
Blue large-amplitude pulsators as a new class of variable stars
Creators: name: Pietrukowicz, P.
name: Dziembowski, W. A.
name: Latour, M.
name: Angeloni, R.
name: Poleski, R.
name: di Mille, F.
name: Soszynski, I.
name: Udalski, A.
name: Szymanski, M. K.
name: Wyrzykowski, L.
name: Kozlowski, S.
name: Skowron, J.
name: Skowron, D.
name: Mroz, P.
name: Pawlak, M.
name: Ulaczyk, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Regular intrinsic brightness variations observed in many stars are caused by pulsations. These pulsations provide information on the global and structural parameters of the star. The pulsation periods range from seconds to years, depending on the compactness of the star and properties of the matter that forms its outer layers. Here, we report the discovery of more than a dozen of previously unknown short-period variable stars: blue large-amplitude pulsators. These objects show very regular brightness variations with periods in the range of 20-40 min and amplitudes of 0.2-0.4 mag in the optical passbands. The phased light curves have a characteristic sawtooth shape, similar to the shape of classical Cepheids and RR Lyrae-type stars pulsating in the fundamental mode. The objects are significantly bluer than main sequence stars observed in the same fields, which indicates that all of them are hot stars. Follow-up spectroscopy confirms a high surface temperature of about 30,000 K. Temperature and colour changes over the cycle prove the pulsational nature of the variables. However, large-amplitude pulsations at such short periods are not observed in any known type of stars, including hot objects. Long-term photometric observations show that the variable stars are very stable over time. Derived rates of period change are of the order of 10^-7 per year and, in most cases, they are positive. According to pulsation theory, such large-amplitude oscillations may occur in evolved low-mass stars that have inflated helium-enriched envelopes. The evolutionary path that could lead to such stellar configurations remains unknown.
description: Published in Nature Astronomy
Valeriana montana Linnaeus, 1753, spec. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1753
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Dipsacales
Caprifoliaceae
Valeriana
Valeriana montana

description: Valeriana montana, spec. nov.
8. Valeriana floribus triandris, foliis ovato-oblongis subdentatis, caule simplici.
 Valeriana foliis omnibus integris ex ovato-acuminatis leviter dentatis. Hall. helv. 664. it.8.
 Valeriana montana, subrotundo folio. Bauh. pin. 165.
 Valeriana alpina, scrophulariae folio. Bauh. pin. 164. prodr.87. *
 Valeriana alpina, nardo celticae similis, inodora. Pluk. alm. 380. t.232. f.2.
 Nardo celticae similis inodora. Bauh. pin. 165.
 Habitat in alpibus Helveticis , Rhaeticis , Pyrenaeis . ♃
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1753, Species plantarum: exhibentes plantas rite cognitas, ad genera relatas, cum differentiis specificis, nominibus trivialibus, synonymis selectis, locis natalibus, secundum systema sexuale digestas, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on page 32, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.3931989
Fürer, Ivo: Die Entwicklung Europas fordert die Kirchen heraus. Die Tätigkeit des Rates der Europäischen Bischofskonferenzen (CCEE) von seiner Gründung 1971 bis 1996
Creators: name: Pękala, Urszula
Publisher: name: Theologische Revue
Year: 2020

description: Theologische Revue, Bd. 116 (2020): Januar
Flat-cupped transition in freezing drop impacts
Creators: name: Berry, Marion
name: Josserand, Christophe
name: Salonen, Anniina
name: Boulogne, François
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an experimental study on the freezing of alkane drops impacted on a liquid bath. More specifically, for drops of hexadecane and tetradecane on brine, we found a morphological transition of the solid between a flat disk and a cupped shape. We show that this transition depends mainly on melting temperature and thermal shock, and varies weakly with impact velocity. We observed that the impact dynamics does not depend on the thermal shock before the drop starts to solid ify, which allows a rationalization of the solid size by models established for impact without phase change. Finally, we show that the relevant timescale setting the onset of solidification is associated with the formation of a thin solid layer between the drop and the bath, a timescale much shorter than the total solidification time. These findings offer the possibility to collapse the data for both liquids in a single phase diagram.
Fitness voter model: damped oscillations and anomalous consensus
Creators: name: Woolcock, Anthony
name: Connaughton, Colm
name: Merali, Yasmin
name: Vazquez, Federico
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the dynamics of opinion formation in a heterogeneous voter model on a complete graph, in which each agent is endowed with an integer fitness parameter $k \ge 0$, in addition to its $+$ or $-$ opinion state. The evolution of the distribution of $k$--values and the opinion dynamics are coupled together, so as to allow the system to dynamically develop heterogeneity and memory in a simple way. When two agents with different opinions interact, their $k$--values are compared and, with probability $p$ the agent with the lower value adopts the opinion of the one with the higher value, while with probability $1-p$ the opposite happens. The winning agent then increments its $k$--value by one. We study the dynamics of the system in the entire $0 \le p \le 1$ range and compare with the case $p=1/2$, which corresponds to the standard voter model. When $0 \le p < 1/2$, the system approaches exponentially fast to the consensus state of the initial majority opinion. The mean consensus time $τ$ grows logarithmically with the number of agents $N$, and it is greatly decreased relative to the linear behaviour $τ\sim N$ found in the voter model. When $1/2 < p \le 1$, the system initially relaxes to a state with an even coexistence of opinions, but eventually reaches consensus by finite-size fluctuations. The approach to coexistence is monotonic for $1/2 < p < 0.8$, while for $0.8 \le p \le 1$ there are damped oscillations around the coexistence value. The final approach to coexistence is approximately a power law $t^{-b(p)}$ in both regimes, where $b$ increases with $p$. Also, $τ$ increases respect to the voter model, although it still scales linearly with $N$. The $p=1$ case is special, with a relaxation to coexistence that scales as $t^{-2.73}$ and a consensus time that scales as $τ\sim N^β$, with $β\simeq 1.45$.
description: 14 pages, 10 figures
The max-plus finite element method for solving deterministic optimal control problems: basic properties and convergence analysis
Creators: name: Akian, Marianne
name: Gaubert, Stephane
name: Lakhoua, Asma
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary 49L20; Secondary 65M60, 06A15, 12K10

description: We introduce a max-plus analogue of the Petrov-Galerkin finite element method to solve finite horizon deterministic optimal control problems. The method relies on a max-plus variational formulation. We show that the error in the sup norm can be bounded from the difference between the value function and its projections on max-plus and min-plus semimodules, when the max-plus analogue of the stiffness matrix is exactly known. In general, the stiffness matrix must be approximated: this requires approximating the operation of the Lax-Oleinik semigroup on finite elements. We consider two approximations relying on the Hamiltonian. We derive a convergence result, in arbitrary dimension, showing that for a class of problems, the error estimate is of order $δ+Δx(δ)^{-1}$ or $\sqrtδ+Δx(δ)^{-1}$, depending on the choice of the approximation, where $δ$ and $Δx$ are respectively the time and space discretization steps. We compare our method with another max-plus based discretization method previously introduced by Fleming and McEneaney. We give numerical examples in dimension 1 and 2.
description: 31 pages, 11 figures
Cygnus A super-resolved via convex optimisation from VLA data
Creators: name: Dabbech, Arwa
name: Onose, Alexandru
name: Abdulaziz, Abdullah
name: Perley, Richard A.
name: Smirnov, Oleg M.
name: Wiaux, Yves
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We leverage the Sparsity Averaging Reweighted Analysis (SARA) approach for interferometric imaging, that is based on convex optimisation, for the super-resolution of Cyg A from observations at the frequencies 8.422GHz and 6.678GHz with the Karl G. Jansky Very Large Array (VLA). The associated average sparsity and positivity priors enable image reconstruction beyond instrumental resolution. An adaptive Preconditioned Primal-Dual algorithmic structure is developed for imaging in the presence of unknown noise levels and calibration errors. We demonstrate the superior performance of the algorithm with respect to the conventional CLEAN-based methods, reflected in super-resolved images with high fidelity. The high resolution features of the recovered images are validated by referring to maps of Cyg A at higher frequencies, more precisely 17.324GHz and 14.252GHz. We also confirm the recent discovery of a radio transient in Cyg A, revealed in the recovered images of the investigated data sets. Our matlab code is available online on GitHub.
description: 14 pages, 7 figures (3/7 animated figures), accepted for publication in MNRAS
A longitudinal large-scale objective sleep data analysis revealed a seasonal sleep variation in the Japanese population
Creators: name: Hashizaki, Masanori
name: Nakajima, Hiroshi
name: Shiga, Toshikazu
name: Tsutsumi, Masakazu
name: Kume, Kazuhiko
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: In the contemporary era, when life habits are largely determined by social needs and individual preferences, sleep is nevertheless affected by seasonal environmental changes. Japan has large seasonal and geographical alterations of photoperiod and climate. Japan does not adopt the daylight saving time (DST) system, making it a suitable country for the study of seasonal variations in natural human sleep. The aim of this study was to analyze the seasonal changes in the sleep properties (timing and quality) and identify their relationship with environmental changes. Here, we report an analysis of objective sleep data of 691 161 nights collected from 1856 Japanese participants (age 20–79 years, male 91%, female 9%) for 3 years using contactless biomotion sensors. Sleep onset time did not show clear seasonal variation, but sleep offset time showed a seasonal change with a single latest peak in winter. Seasonal variation was larger during weekends than during weekdays. Sleep offset time well correlated with sunrise time but was different in spring and autumn even when the sunrise time was same, suggesting the role of temperature difference. Sleep quality, estimated by wake time after sleep onset and sleep efficiency, showed seasonal changes with the lowest trough around mid-summer. In conclusion, despite profound social influences, the timing and quality of sleep showed seasonal fluctuation indicating that they were influenced by climate factors even in the developed country.
Valeriana celtica Linnaeus, 1753, spec. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1753
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Dipsacales
Caprifoliaceae
Valeriana
Valeriana celtica

description: Valeriana celtica, spec. nov.
 9. Valeriana floribus triandris, foliis ovato-oblongis obtusis integerrimis. Mat. med.23.
 Valeriana foliis ovatis obtusis minime dentatis. Hall. helv. 664.
 Nardus ex apulia. Bauh. pin. 165.
 Nardus celtica dioscoridis. Bauh. pin. 165.
 Nardus celtica altera. Bauh. pin. 166.
 Nardus celtica. Bauh. hist.3. p.205.
 Spica celtica fastigio flosculorum ordine differens. Cam. epit.14.
 Habitat in alpibus Helvetiae , Valesiae . ♃
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1753, Species plantarum: exhibentes plantas rite cognitas, ad genera relatas, cum differentiis specificis, nominibus trivialibus, synonymis selectis, locis natalibus, secundum systema sexuale digestas, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on page 32, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.3931989
Detection of Signature Consistent with Cosmological Time Dilation in Gamma-Ray Bursts
Creators: name: Norris, J. P.
name: Nemiroff, R. J.
name: Scargle, J. D.
name: Kouveliotou, C.
name: Fishman, G. J.
name: Meegan, C. A.
name: Paciesas, W. S.
name: Bonnell, J. T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1993
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: If gamma-ray bursters are at cosmological distances - as suggested by their isotropic distribution on the sky and by their number-intensity relation - then the burst profiles will be stretched in time, by an amount proportional to the redshift, 1 + $z$. We have tested data from the {\it Compton} Gamma Ray Observatory's Burst and Transient Source Experiment (BATSE) for such time dilation. Our measures of time scale are constructed to avoid selection effects arising from intensity differences by rescale all bursts to fiducial levels of peak intensity and noise bias. The three tests involved total count rate above background, wavelet decomposition, and alignment of the highest peaks. In all three tests, the dim bursts are stretched by a factor of about two relative to the bright ones, over seven octaves of time scale. We calibrated the measurements by dilating synthetic bursts that approximate the temporal characteristics of bright BATSE bursts. Results are consistent with bursts of BATSE's peak-flux completeness limit being at cosmological distances corresponding to $z \sim 1$, and thus with independent cosmological interpretations of the BATSE number-intensity relation.
description: in press: ApJ, Plain TeX: 18 pages, 4 figures, hard preprint available upon request, Report # RJNSISSA003
Using dust to constrain dark matter models
Creators: name: Ussing, Adam
name: Paun, Robert Mostoghiu
name: Croton, Darren
name: Boehm, Celine
name: Duffy, Alan
name: Power, Chris
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we use hydrodynamic zoom-in simulations of Milky Way-type haloes to explore using dust as an observational tracer to discriminate between cold and warm dark matter (WDM) universes. Comparing a cold and 3.5 keV WDM particle model, we tune the efficiency of galaxy formation in our simulations using a variable supernova rate to create Milky Way systems with similar satellite galaxy populations while keeping all other simulation parameters the same. Cold dark matter (CDM), having more substructure, requires a higher supernova efficiency than WDM to achieve the same satellite galaxy number. These different supernova efficiencies create different dust distributions around their host galaxies, which we generate by post-processing the simulation output with the \powderday{} codebase. Analysing the resulting dust in each simulation, we find $\sim$4.5 times more dust in our CDM Milky Way haloes compared with WDM. The distribution of dust out to $R_{200\text{c}}$ is then explored, revealing that the WDM simulations are noticeably less concentrated than their CDM counterparts, although differences in substructure complicate the comparison. Our results indicate that dust is a possible unique probe to test theories of dark matter.
description: Accepted for publication to MNRAS, 12 pages, 5 figures
Low-energy parameters and spin gap of a frustrated spin-$s$ Heisenberg antiferromagnet with $s \leq \frac{3}{2}$ on the honeycomb lattice
Creators: name: Bishop, R F
name: Li, P H Y
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The coupled cluster method is implemented at high orders of approximation to investigate the zero-temperature $(T=0)$ phase diagram of the frustrated spin-$s$ $J_{1}$--$J_{2}$--$J_{3}$ antiferromagnet on the honeycomb lattice. The system has isotropic Heisenberg interactions of strength $J_{1}>0$, $J_{2}>0$ and $J_{3}>0$ between nearest-neighbour, next-nearest-neighbour and next-next-nearest-neighbour pairs of spins, respectively. We study it in the case $J_{3}=J_{2}\equiv κJ_{1}$, in the window $0 \leq κ\leq 1$ that contains the classical tricritical point (at $κ_{\rm cl}=\frac{1}{2}$) of maximal frustration, appropriate to the limiting value $s \to \infty$ of the spin quantum number. We present results for the magnetic order parameter $M$, the triplet spin gap $Δ$, the spin stiffness $ρ_{s}$ and the zero-field transverse magnetic susceptibility $χ$ for the two collinear quasiclassical antiferromagnetic (AFM) phases with Néel and striped order, respectively. Results for $M$ and $Δ$ are given for the three cases $s=\frac{1}{2}$, $s=1$ and $s=\frac{3}{2}$, while those for $ρ_{s}$ and $χ$ are given for the two cases $s=\frac{1}{2}$ and $s=1$. On the basis of all these results we find that the spin-$\frac{1}{2}$ and spin-1 models both have an intermediate paramagnetic phase, with no discernible magnetic long-range order, between the two AFM phases in their $T=0$ phase diagrams, while for $s > 1$ there is a direct transition between them. Accurate values are found for all of the associated quantum critical points. While the results also provide strong evidence for the intermediate phase being gapped for the case $s=\frac{1}{2}$, they are less conclusive for the case $s=1$. On balance however, at least the transition in the latter case at the striped phase boundary seems to be to a gapped intermediate state.
Spin-Spin Correlations of Top Quark Pairs at Hadron Colliders
Creators: name: Brandenburg, Arnd
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Top quark pairs are produced with strongly correlated spins in the partonic reactions $q\bar{q}\to t\bar{t}$ and $gg\to t\bar{t}$. A complete description of these effects in terms of the spin density matrix of the $t\bar{t}$ system in leading order QCD is given. We further discuss the prospects to observe the spin-spin correlations at $p\bar{p}$ and $pp$ colliders by measuring suitable angular correlations among the $t$ and $\bar{t}$ decay products.
description: 16 pages, LaTeX with 4 postscript figures, epsf macro included
Synthesis of new α-hydroxyphosphonates and α-acetoxyphosphonates
Creators: name: Zayed Baccari
name: M. A. K. Sanhoury
name: B. Crousse
name: T. Barhoumi-Slimi
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Medicine
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology

description: A series of new α-hydroxyphosphonate (5–14) have been synthesized in high yields by reaction of β-chloro-α,β-unsaturated aldehydes (1–4) and trialkyl phosphite in the presence of chlorotrimethylsilane at room temperature under solvent-free conditions. In addition, compounds (5–14) were reacted with acetic anhydride in DBU to give the new α-acetoxyphosphonate derivatives (15–23). All these phosphonates (5–23) were obtained as mixtures of two (E and Z) isomers and fully characterized by multinuclear (1H, 13C, and 31P) NMR, IR spectroscopy and HRMS.
Transformations of Asymptotically AdS Hyperbolic Initial Data and Associated Geometric Inequalities
Creators: name: Cha, Ye Sle
name: Khuri, Marcus A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We construct transformations which take asymptotically AdS hyperbolic initial data into asymptotically flat initial data, and which preserve relevant physical quantities. This is used to derive geometric inequalities in the asymptotically AdS hyperbolic setting from counterparts in the asymptotically flat realm, whenever a geometrically motivated system of elliptic equations admits a solution. The inequalities treated here relate mass, angular momentum, charge, and horizon area.
description: 38 pages
Valeriana tuberosa Linnaeus, 1753, spec. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1753
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Dipsacales
Caprifoliaceae
Valeriana
Valeriana tuberosa

description: Valeriana tuberosa, spec. nov.
10. Valeriana floribus triandris, foliis lanceolatis integerrimis: caulinis basi pinnatis.
 Nardus montana, radice olivari. Bauh. pin. 165.
 β. Nardus montana, radice oblonga. Bauh. pin. 165.
 Nardus montana, longius radicata. Cam. epit. 16.
 Habitat in Dalmatia , Sicilia , Galloprovincia . ♃
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1753, Species plantarum: exhibentes plantas rite cognitas, ad genera relatas, cum differentiis specificis, nominibus trivialibus, synonymis selectis, locis natalibus, secundum systema sexuale digestas, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on page 33, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.3931989
The quantum Fokker-Planck equation of stochastic inflation
Creators: name: Collins, Hael
name: Holman, Richard
name: Vardanyan, Tereza
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive the stochastic description of a massless, interacting scalar field in de Sitter space directly from the quantum theory. This is done by showing that the density matrix for the effective theory of the long wavelength fluctuations of the field obeys a quantum version of the Fokker-Planck equation. This equation has a simple connection with the standard Fokker-Planck equation of the classical stochastic theory, which can be generalised to any order in perturbation theory. We illustrate this formalism in detail for the theory of a massless scalar field with a quartic interaction.
description: 25 pages, no figures
Prediction of Structures and Interactions from Genome Information
Creators: name: Miyazawa, Sanzo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Biomolecules (q-bio.BM)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Predicting three dimensional residue-residue contacts from evolutionary information in protein sequences was attempted already in the early 1990s. However, contact prediction accuracies of methods evaluated in CASP experiments before CASP11 remained quite low, typically with $<20$% true positives. Recently, contact prediction has been significantly improved to the level that an accurate three dimensional model of a large protein can be generated on the basis of predicted contacts. This improvement was attained by disentangling direct from indirect correlations in amino acid covariations or cosubstitutions between sites in protein evolution. Here, we review statistical methods for extracting causative correlations and various approaches to describe protein structure, complex, and flexibility based on predicted contacts.
description: 35 pages, 4 Tables, and 1 figures. In 2018, this manuscript with the short version of appendix has been published as the chapter 9 of a book, "Integrative Structural Biology with Hybrid Methods" edited by Haruki Nakamura as one of the book series: "Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology 1105" from Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.; https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-2200-6_9
On the Mass of the Dark Compact Halo Objects
Creators: name: Jetzer, Philippe
name: Masso, Eduard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1993
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently the French EROS collaboration and the American-Australian MACHO collaboration have reported the observation of altogether three possible microlensing events by monitoring over several years the brightness of millions of stars in the Large Magellanic Cloud. For each of these events, assuming they are due to microlensing, we compute the most likely mass for the dark compact halo object, which acted as gravitational lens. The most likely masses are 0.12, 0.31 and 0.38 $M_{\odot}$. The average mass calculated using the method of moments turns out to be 0.14 $M_{\odot}$.
description: ZU-TH 31/93, LaTex 5 pages, 1 Figure not included but available (by fax) upon request
Valeriana saxatilis Linnaeus, 1753, spec. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1753
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Dipsacales
Caprifoliaceae
Valeriana
Valeriana saxatilis

description: Valeriana saxatilis, spec. nov.
11. Valeriana floribus triandris, foliis subdentatis; radicalibus ovatis, pedunculis communibus elongatis.
 Valeriana alpina nardo celticae similis. Bauh. pin. 165.
 Valeriana sylvestris alpina 2 saxatilis. Clus. hist.1. p.56. bona.
 Nardo Celticae similis inodora. Bauh. pin. 165. prodr. 88. Burs. VIII: 122.
 Habitat in alpibus Styriae , Austriae . ♃
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1753, Species plantarum: exhibentes plantas rite cognitas, ad genera relatas, cum differentiis specificis, nominibus trivialibus, synonymis selectis, locis natalibus, secundum systema sexuale digestas, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on page 33, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.3931989
Weyl states and Fermi arcs in parabolic bands
Creators: name: Doria, Mauro M.
name: Perali, Andrea
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Weyl fermions are shown to exist inside a parabolic band, where the kinetic energy of carriers is given by the non-relativistic Schroedinger equation. There are Fermi arcs as a direct consequence of the folding of a ring shaped Fermi surface inside the first Brillouin zone. Our results stem from the decomposition of the kinetic energy into the sum of the square of the Weyl state, the coupling to the local magnetic field and the Rashba interaction. The Weyl fermions break the time and reflection symmetries present in the kinetic energy, thus allowing for the onset of a weak three-dimensional magnetic field around the layer. This field brings topological stability to the current carrying states through a Chern number. In the special limit that the Weyl state becomes gapless this magnetic interaction is shown to be purely attractive, thus suggesting the onset of a superconducting condensate of zero helicity states.
Valeriana pyrenaica Linnaeus, 1753, spec. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1753
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Dipsacales
Caprifoliaceae
Valeriana
Valeriana pyrenaica

description: Valeriana pyrenaica, spec. nov.
 12. Valeriana floribus triandris, foliis cordatis serratis petiolatis: summis ternatis. Hort. cliff. 15. Roy. lugdb. 235.
 Valeriana maxima pyrenaica, cacaliae folio. Tournef. inst. 131.
 Valeriana canadensis. Riv. mon.6.
 Valeriana orientalis, alliariae folio, flore albo. Buxb. cent.2. p.19. t.11.
 Habitat in Pyrenaeis ? ♃
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1753, Species plantarum: exhibentes plantas rite cognitas, ad genera relatas, cum differentiis specificis, nominibus trivialibus, synonymis selectis, locis natalibus, secundum systema sexuale digestas, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on page 33, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.3931989
Temperature dependence of the bulk Rashba splitting in the bismuth tellurohalides
Creators: name: Monserrat, Bartomeu
name: Vanderbilt, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the temperature dependence of the Rashba-split bands in the bismuth tellurohalides BiTe$X$ $(X=$ I, Br, Cl) from first principles. We find that increasing temperature reduces the Rashba splitting, with the largest effect observed in BiTeI with a reduction of the Rashba parameter of $40$% when temperature increases from $0$ K to $300$ K. These results highlight the inadequacy of previous interpretations of the observed Rashba splitting in terms of static-lattice calculations alone. Notably, we find the opposite trend, a strengthening of the Rashba splitting with rising temperature, in the pressure-stabilized topological-insulator phase of BiTeI. We propose that the opposite trends with temperature on either side of the topological phase transition could be an experimental signature for identifying it. The predicted temperature dependence is consistent with optical conductivity measurements, and should also be observable using photoemission spectroscopy, which could provide further insights into the nature of spin splitting and topology in the bismuth tellurohalides.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures
Appendix I - additional specification on joint species distribution model and output from Do priority effects outweigh environmental filtering in a guild of dominant freshwater macroinvertebrates?
Creators: name: Little, Chelsea J.
name: Altermatt, Florian
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Abiotic conditions have long been considered essential in structuring freshwater macroinvertebrate communities. Ecological drift, dispersal and biotic interactions also structure communities, and although these mechanisms are more difficult to detect, they may be of equal importance in natural communities. Here, we hypothesized that in 10 naturally replicated headwater streams in Eastern Switzerland, locally dominant amphipod species would be associated with differences in environmental conditions. We conducted repeated surveys of amphipods and used a hierarchical joint species distribution model to assess the influence of different drivers on species co-occurrences. The species had unique environmental requirements, but a distinct spatial structure in their distributions was unrelated to habitat. Species co-occurred much less frequently than predicted by the model, which was surprising because laboratory and field evidence suggests they are capable of coexisting in equal densities. We suggest that niche preemption may limit their distribution and that a blocking effect related to the specific linear configuration of streams determines which species colonizes and dominates a given stream catchment, thus suggesting a new solution a long-standing conundrum in freshwater ecology.
Approximate flavor symmetries at a grand unification scale
Creators: name: Dumm, D. Gomez
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the evolution of fermion mass matrices considering the hypothesis of approximate flavor symmetries (AFS) in the Standard Model and a two-Higgs-doublet model. We find that the hierarchical structure is not significantly altered by the running, hence the assumption of AFS is entirely compatible with a grand unification scenario.
description: 9 pages RevTex, epsf, epsfig, 2 uuencoded figures. To appear in Modern Physics Letters A
Valeriana chinensis Linnaeus, 1753, spec. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1753
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Dipsacales
Caprifoliaceae
Valeriana
Valeriana chinensis

description: Valeriana chinensis, spec. nov.
13. Valeriana floribus triandris, foliis omnibus cordatis repando-lobatis.
 Habitat in China . Osbeck.
 Caules herbacei, erecti, plus quam pedales, ramis floriferis oppositis; Folia opposita, petiolata, glabra, cordata, acuta, lobis lateralibus utrinque binis obtusis. Rami et caules terminati umbellulis involucello cinctis. Semina nuda.
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1753, Species plantarum: exhibentes plantas rite cognitas, ad genera relatas, cum differentiis specificis, nominibus trivialibus, synonymis selectis, locis natalibus, secundum systema sexuale digestas, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on page 33, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.3931989
Frauen in kirchlichen Ämtern. Reformbewegungen in der Ökumene, hg. v. Margit Eckholt / Urike Link-Wieczorek / Dorothea Sattler / Andrea Strübind
Creators: name: Hartmann, Richard
Publisher: name: Theologische Revue
Year: 2020

description: Theologische Revue, Bd. 116 (2020): Januar
Appendix II - proportional abundance of amphipod species at sampling sites from Do priority effects outweigh environmental filtering in a guild of dominant freshwater macroinvertebrates?
Creators: name: Little, Chelsea J.
name: Altermatt, Florian
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Abiotic conditions have long been considered essential in structuring freshwater macroinvertebrate communities. Ecological drift, dispersal and biotic interactions also structure communities, and although these mechanisms are more difficult to detect, they may be of equal importance in natural communities. Here, we hypothesized that in 10 naturally replicated headwater streams in Eastern Switzerland, locally dominant amphipod species would be associated with differences in environmental conditions. We conducted repeated surveys of amphipods and used a hierarchical joint species distribution model to assess the influence of different drivers on species co-occurrences. The species had unique environmental requirements, but a distinct spatial structure in their distributions was unrelated to habitat. Species co-occurred much less frequently than predicted by the model, which was surprising because laboratory and field evidence suggests they are capable of coexisting in equal densities. We suggest that niche preemption may limit their distribution and that a blocking effect related to the specific linear configuration of streams determines which species colonizes and dominates a given stream catchment, thus suggesting a new solution a long-standing conundrum in freshwater ecology.
Research protocol
Creators: name: Bønaa, Kaare Harald
name: Svendsen, Kristian
name: Wilsgaard, Tom
name: Hallas, Jesper
name: Samuelsen, Per-Jostein
name: Giverhaug, Trude
name: Eggen, Anne Elise
name: Steigen, Terje
Publisher: name: OSF Registries
Year: 2020

description: Last updated 20190220
Higgsino Cold Dark Matter Motivated by Collider Data
Creators: name: Kane, G. L.
name: Wells, James D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Motivated by the supersymmetric interpretation of the CDF eeγγplus missing energy event and the reported Z->bb excess at LEP, we analyze the Higgsino as a cold dark matter candidate. We examine the constraints as implied by the collider experiments, and then calculate its relic density. We find that this Higgsino-like lightest supersymmetric particle is a viable cold dark matter candidate (0.05 < Omega h^2 < 1), and we discuss its favorable prospects for laboratory detection.
description: 10 pages, 3 figures, LaTeX with epsf
Topology and experimental distinguishability
Creators: name: Aidala, Christine A.
name: Carcassi, Gabriele
name: Greenfield, Mark J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: General Topology (math.GN)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work we introduce the idea that the primary application of topology in experimental sciences is to keep track of what can be distinguished through experimentation. This link provides understanding and justification as to why topological spaces and continuous functions are pervasive tools in science. We first define an experimental observation as a statement that can be verified using an experimental procedure and show that observations are closed under finite conjunction and countable disjunction. We then consider observations that identify elements within a set and show how they induce a Hausdorff and second-countable topology on that set, thus identifying an open set as one that can be associated with an experimental observation. We then show that experimental relationships are continuous functions, as they must preserve experimental distinguishability, and that they are themselves experimentally distinguishable by defining a Hausdorff and second-countable topology for this collection.
description: 10 pages
Valeriana locusta Linnaeus, 1753, spec. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1753
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Dipsacales
Caprifoliaceae
Valeriana
Valeriana locusta

description: Valeriana locusta, spec. nov.
 14. Valeriana floribus triandris, caule dichotomo, foliis linearibus. Fl. suec. 32. Hort. ups. 14. Dalib. paris.12.
 Valeriana caule dichotomo, foliis lanceolatis integris. Vir. cliff.5.
 Habitat α. in Europae , β. Cretae , γ. Lusitaniae , δ. Europae australioris , ε. Marilandiae arvis. ☉
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1753, Species plantarum: exhibentes plantas rite cognitas, ad genera relatas, cum differentiis specificis, nominibus trivialibus, synonymis selectis, locis natalibus, secundum systema sexuale digestas, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on pages 33-34, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.3931989
Extracting Dynamical Maps of Non-Markovian Open Quantum Systems
Creators: name: Strachan, David J.
name: Purkayastha, Archak
name: Clark, Stephen R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The most general description of quantum evolution up to a time $τ$ is a completely positive tracing preserving map known as a dynamical map $\hatΛ(τ)$. Here we consider $\hatΛ(τ)$ arising from suddenly coupling a system to one or more thermal baths with a strength that is neither weak nor strong. Given no clear separation of characteristic system/bath time scales $\hatΛ(τ)$ is generically expected to be non-Markovian, however we do assume the ensuing dynamics has a unique steady state implying the baths possess a finite memory time $τ_{\rm m}$. By combining several techniques within a tensor network framework we directly and accurately extract $\hatΛ(τ)$ for a small number of interacting fermionic modes coupled to infinite non-interacting Fermi baths. We employ the Choi-Jamiolkowski isomorphism so that $\hatΛ(τ)$ can be fully reconstructed from a single pure state calculation of the unitary dynamics of the system, bath and their replica auxillary modes up to time $τ$. From $\hatΛ(τ)$ we also compute the time local propagator $\hat{\mathcal{L}}(τ)$. By examining the convergence with $τ$ of the instantaneous fixed points of these objects we establish their respective memory times $τ^Λ_{\rm m}$ and $τ^{\mathcal{L}}_{\rm m}$. Beyond these times, the propagator $\hat{\mathcal{L}}(τ)$ and dynamical map $\hatΛ(τ)$ accurately describe all the subsequent long-time relaxation dynamics up to stationarity. Our numerical examples of interacting spinless Fermi chains and the single impurity Anderson model demonstrate regimes where our approach can offer a significant speedup in determining the stationary state compared to directly simulating the long-time limit.
description: v2, 12 pages, 10 figures
Valeriana locusta var. olitoria Linnaeus, 1753, var. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1753
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Dipsacales
Caprifoliaceae
Valeriana
Valeriana locusta
Valeriana locusta var. olitoria

description: Valeriana locusta var. olitoria, var. nov.
 α. Valeriana caule dichotomo, foliis lanceolatis integris, fructu simplici. Hort. cliff. 16. Roy. lugdb. 235.
 Valeriana campestris inodora major. Bauh. pin. 165.
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1753, Species plantarum: exhibentes plantas rite cognitas, ad genera relatas, cum differentiis specificis, nominibus trivialibus, synonymis selectis, locis natalibus, secundum systema sexuale digestas, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on page 33, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.3931989
Unforgeable Quantum Encryption
Creators: name: Alagic, Gorjan
name: Gagliardoni, Tommaso
name: Majenz, Christian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We study the problem of encrypting and authenticating quantum data in the presence of adversaries making adaptive chosen plaintext and chosen ciphertext queries. Classically, security games use string copying and comparison to detect adversarial cheating in such scenarios. Quantumly, this approach would violate no-cloning. We develop new techniques to overcome this problem: we use entanglement to detect cheating, and rely on recent results for characterizing quantum encryption schemes. We give definitions for (i.) ciphertext unforgeability , (ii.) indistinguishability under adaptive chosen-ciphertext attack, and (iii.) authenticated encryption. The restriction of each definition to the classical setting is at least as strong as the corresponding classical notion: (i) implies INT-CTXT, (ii) implies IND-CCA2, and (iii) implies AE. All of our new notions also imply QIND-CPA privacy. Combining one-time authentication and classical pseudorandomness, we construct schemes for each of these new quantum security notions, and provide several separation examples. Along the way, we also give a new definition of one-time quantum authentication which, unlike all previous approaches, authenticates ciphertexts rather than plaintexts.
description: 22+2 pages, 1 figure. v3: error in the definition of QIND-CCA2 fixed, some proofs related to QIND-CCA2 clarified
The gauge invariant effective potential: equilibrium and non-equilibrium aspects
Creators: name: Boyanovsky, D.
name: Brahm, D.
name: Holman, R.
name: Lee, D. -S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a gauge invariant formulation of the effective potential in terms of a gauge invariant order parameter, for the Abelian Higgs model. The one-loop contribution at zero and finite temperature is computed explicitly, and the leading terms in the high temperature expansion are obtained. The result is contrasted to the effective potential obtained in several covariant gauge-fixing schemes, and the gauge invariant quantities that can be reliably extracted from these are identified. It is pointed out that the gauge invariant effective potential in the one-loop approximation is complex for {\em all values} of the order parameter between the maximum and the minimum of the tree level potential, both at zero and non-zero temperature. The imaginary part is related to long-wavelength instabilities towards phase separation. We study the real-time dynamics of initial states in the spinodal region, and relate the imaginary part of the effective potential to the growth rate of equal-time gauge invariant correlation functions in these states. We conjecture that the spinodal instabilities may play a role in non-equilibrium processes {\em inside} the nucleating bubbles if the transition is first order.
description: 27 pages revtex 3.0, no figures; one reference added