cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The effectiveness of mathematics in physics
Creators: name: McDonnell, Jane Frances
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2017
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: In this thesis I argue that many problems in the philosophy of science and mathematics (in particular, the unreasonable effectiveness of mathematics in physics) can only be addressed within a broader metaphysical framework which provides a coherent world view. I attempt to develop such a framework and draw out its consequences. The attempt is in two parts: first, I develop a speculative framework based on an analogy to set theory; then I combine elements of the framework with ideas from Leibnizian monadology and consistent histories quantum theory to introduce (what I call) quantum monadology. The two parts focus on different aspects of the problem and should be viewed as stages on the way to a final formulation. The inspiration for the thesis came from Plato’s Timaeus and Wigner’s comments on quantum mechanics. As it turned out, Leibniz’s Monadology became a third key source.
The polarized photon distribution function
Creators: name: de Florian, Daniel
name: Conte, Lucas Palma
name: Volonnino, Gabriel Fernando
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We employ the LuxQED approach to compute the polarized photon PDF (photon pPDF). This approach expresses the pPDF in terms of the structure functions $g_1$ and $g_2$. Different models for the structure functions are employed according to the parameter space region. The resulting pPDF is approximately of the order of $x$ times the unpolarized PDF. The relative uncertainty in the photon pPDF reaches up to $50\%$ for $x \sim 10^{-3}$, decreasing to approximately $10\%$ for higher values of $x$. The computation of the photon pPDF will be essential for improving the precision of polarized calculations and will have fundamental implications for studies at the future Electron-Ion Collider (EIC).
description: 20 pages, 9 figures
Fractional Chern Insulators in Twisted Bilayer MoTe$_2$: A Composite Fermion Perspective
Creators: name: Lu, Tianhong
name: Santos, Luiz H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The discovery of Fractional Chern Insulators (FCIs) in twisted bilayer MoTe$_2$ has sparked significant interest in fractional topological matter without external magnetic fields. Unlike the flat dispersion of Landau levels, moiré electronic states are influenced by lattice effects within a nanometer-scale superlattice. This study examines the impact of these lattice effects on the topological phases in twisted bilayer MoTe$_2$, uncovering a family of FCIs with Abelian anyonic quasiparticles. Using a composite fermion approach, we identify a sequence of FCIs with fractional Hall conductivities $σ_{xy} = \frac{C}{2C + 1} \frac{e^2}{h}$ linked to partial filling $ν_{\,\text{h}}$ of holes of the topmost moiré valence band. These states emerge from incompressible composite fermion bands of Chern number $C$ within a complex Hofstadter spectrum. This approach explains FCIs with Hall conductivities $σ_{xy} = (2/3) e^2/h$ and $σ_{xy} = (3/5) e^2/h$ at fractional fillings $ν_{\,\text{h}} = 2/3$ and $ν_{\,\text{h}} = 3/5$ observed in experiments, and uncovers other fractal FCI states. The Hofstadter spectrum reveals new phenomena, distinct from Landau levels, including a higher-order Van Hove singularity (HOVHS) at half-filling, leading to novel quantum phase transitions. This work offers a comprehensive framework for understanding FCIs in transition metal dichalcogenide moiré systems and highlights mechanisms for topological quantum criticality.
description: Main text: 5 pages and 4 figures. Accepted in Physical Review Letters
Construction of polymeric Cu(I) N-heterocyclic carbene complex utilizing terpyridine-Fe(II) as linkers: formation of an efficient and recyclable catalyst
Creators: name: Yang, Jin
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: A metal-coordination-driven self-assembly using the predesigned building block has been developed. Herein, the catalytic active NHC–Cu(I) units were introduced into the terpyridine metal coordination polymers. The self-assembled architecture, as a heterogeneous catalyst, was successfully used to catalyze the A3-coupling reaction of aldehyde, alkyne, and amine and Huisgen 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reaction of azide and alkyne in high yields.
Observation of quantum entanglement in top quark pair production in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 13 TeV
Creators: name: CMS Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Entanglement is an intrinsic property of quantum mechanics and is predicted to be exhibited in the particles produced at the Large Hadron Collider. A measurement of the extent of entanglement in top quark-antiquark ($\mathrm{t\bar{t}}$) events produced in proton-proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV is performed with the data recorded by the CMS experiment at the CERN LHC in 2016, and corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 36.3 fb$^{-1}$. The events are selected based on the presence of two leptons with opposite charges and high transverse momentum. An entanglement-sensitive observable $D$ is derived from the top quark spin-dependent parts of the $\mathrm{t\bar{t}}$ production density matrix and measured in the region of the $\mathrm{t\bar{t}}$ production threshold. Values of $D$ $\lt$ $-$1/3 are evidence of entanglement and $D$ is observed (expected) to be $-$0.480 $^{+0.026}_{-0.029}$ $(-$0.467 $^{+0.026}_{-0.029})$ at the parton level. With an observed significance of 5.1 standard deviations with respect to the non-entangled hypothesis, this provides observation of quantum mechanical entanglement within $\mathrm{t\bar{t}}$ pairs in this phase space. This measurement provides a new probe of quantum mechanics at the highest energies ever produced.
description: Replaced with the published version. Added the journal reference and the DOI. All the figures and tables can be found at http://cms-results.web.cern.ch/cms-results/public-results/publications/TOP-23-001 (CMS Public Pages)
The Macias topology on integral domains
Creators: name: Macías, Jhixon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: General Topology (math.GN)
subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this manuscript a recent topology on the positive integers generated by the collection of $\{σ_n:n\in\mathbb{N}\}$ where $σ_n:=\{m: \gcd(n,m)=1\}$ is generalized over integral domains. Some of its topological properties are studied. Properties of this topology on infinite principal ideal domains that are not fields are also explored, and a new topological proof of the infinitude of prime elements is obtained (assuming the set of units is finite or not open), different from those presented in the style of H. Furstenberg. Finally, some problems are proposed.
The effect of composition on the electrochemical properties and corrosion of wrought Mg-alloys
Creators: name: Xia, Xiaojian
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2017
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Magnesium (Mg) alloys are attractive materials for the automotive industry due to their comparatively low density and high strength to weight ratio. However, the wider applications of Mg alloys, especially in wrought applications, are restricted by the combination of relatively poor corrosion resistance and limited formability. In this work, low-level additions of Zn, Ca, Gd, Sr and Zr were studied as alloying additions to Mg, owing to their beneficial effects on improving the strength and formability. The alloys designed and presented herein are unique to date, owing to: (a) the total alloy loading being relatively low, resulting in the low density and low cost; (b) the microstructures being nominally homogeneous, essential for good formability; (c) the alloys are heat treatable and amenable to an increase in strength after wrought processing, for example a paint bake cycle (noting that the existing commercial wrought alloys such as the ZK and AZ alloys are not heat treatable). Due the alloy compositions used in this work being new, the electrochemical properties of such alloys were not previously understood. Since the corrosion of Mg alloys depends on the alloying additions, the study herein aims to principally investigate the compositional and processing effects on the corrosion of Mg. To do this, significant aspets of alloy production and processing on the laboratory scale are required. Herein, additions of Zn, Ca, Zr, Gd and Sr to Mg were deliberately made in binary, ternary, quaternary and quinternary combinations to systematically explore the effects of altering bulk chemistry on the corrosion of Mg. Microhardness testing was employed to estimate the strength of Mg alloys. Results were correlated with microstructure analysis. This thesis contributes to an understanding of the corrosion of Mg alloys with relatively low alloy loadings, which is also lacking in the literature. The results reveal that (i) hardness increased with alloy loading; whilst the corrosion rates did not show clear relationship with alloy loading; (ii) Mg alloys instead had an ultra-sensitivity to the type of alloying additions, and most elements promoted higher corrosion rates than pure Mg due to enhanced cathodic kinetics; (iii) alloys with multiple alloying additions (quaternary and quinternary) tolerated relatively higher alloy loading without much deteriorations on the corrosion resistance. An artificial neural network (ANN) model was used to manage, interpret and disseminate the datasets in a holistic framework.
Investigation of the relationship between manure processing method and presence of M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis and Salmonella spp. in recycled manure solids bedding on Midwest dairy farms
Creators: name: Pena Mosca, F.
name: Godden, S. M.
name: Royster, E.
name: Albrecht, D.
name: Wells, S.
name: Crooker, B.
name: Aulik, N.
Publisher: name: American Association of Bovine Practitioners  Conference Proceedings
Year: 2023

description: While many dairies use green (GRN) recycled manure solids (RMS) bedding, some first process slurry through an anaerobic digester (DIG), while others have adopted secondary (SEC) pro­cessing methods such as mechanical composters (COM), hot air dryers (DRY), or, more recently, infrared drying (IR), in an effort to lower mastitis pathogen counts in ready to use (RTU) solids. However, these processing methods could also poten­tially reduce levels of other important pathogens in RTU solids. Our objective was to investigate the relationship between use of DIG and other SEC processing methods on M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP) and Salmonella spp. (SAL) in RTU RMS on Midwest farms.
description: American Association of Bovine Practitioners Conference Proceedings, No. 55 (2022): 2022 Annual Conference Proceedings
Investigation of the relationship between manure processing method and levels of mastitis pathogens in recycled manure solids bedding on Midwest dairy farms
Creators: name: Godden, S. M.
name: Pena Mosca, F.
name: Royster, E.
name: Albrecht, D.
name: Crooker, B.
Publisher: name: American Association of Bovine Practitioners  Conference Proceedings
Year: 2023

description: While many dairies use green (GRN) recycled manure solids (RMS) bedding, some first process slurry through an anaerobic digester (DIG), while others have adopted secondary (SEC) pro­cessing methods such as mechanical composters (COM), hot air dryers (DRY) or, more recently, infrared drying (IR), in an effort to lower mastitis pathogen counts in ready to use (RTU) solids. A previous study reported that Midwest herds using DIG as the sole processing method had lower levels of coliforms and Kleb­siella spp. (Kleb), but no reduction in streptococci or strep-like organisms (SSLO) in RTU solids, and no improvement in ud­der health, as compared to herds using GRN RMS. In contrast, herds using COM or DRY RMS bedding had lower bacteria levels and improved udder health as compared to herds using GRN solids. However, the latter study included a limited number of herds using DIG RMS. The objective of this observational study was to investigate the relationship between use of DIG and other SEC processing methods and levels mastitis pathogens in RTU RMS, as well as bulk tank (BT) SCC, when compared to herds using GRN RMS bedding.
description: American Association of Bovine Practitioners Conference Proceedings, No. 55 (2022): 2022 Annual Conference Proceedings
Community-campus partnerships in Australian medical education: extending placements beyond the ward and waiting room
Creators: name: Goodall, John Douglas
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2017
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: This thesis examined placement programs for medical students that place them in non-clinical community organisations such as welfare agencies or schools. Using a mixed methods approach with both quantitative and qualitative data based on survey items and interviews of students, and staff from partner organisations and faculty members it was determined that these programs seem to be particularly effective in developing community aware medical students with a more enhanced understanding of health and health support than is generally possible in the traditional medical curriculum. This comes directly from the experiential nature of their placements working with health support organisations deeply rooted in community and with staff who bring a range of health support skills, experience and understanding not normally found in hospitals or clinics. This form of community based medical education (CBME) was also placed within the context of the range of CBME through as systematic literature review establishing its history, range and typology.
Conditional justice: therapeutic bail in Victoria
Creators: name: Colvin, Emma Jane
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Law
subject: FOS: Law

description: Two fundamental principles of the Australian criminal justice system are those of innocence before proven guilty and imprisonment as a last resort. Remand imprisonment challenges these two ideals; as such, it is deemed a measure of last resort. In recent decades the criminal justice system has seen a shift in the granting of bail, from ensuring court attendance to a risk management tool. In conjunction with this shift, remand rates in Australia have been trending upwards. In response to growing remand rates, therapeutic bail initiatives, implemented through the courts, have flourished in many jurisdictions. These initiatives claim to assist in reducing remand rates by targeting risk factors that may result in remand through therapeutic measures, such as drug and alcohol treatment, before a person’s case is heard in court. To date, little empirical, qualitative research has been conducted into the implementation and effect of these programmes, particularly on vulnerable people. This thesis aims to respond to this gap in scholarly research. In this thesis I examine the use and effect of therapeutic bail conditions in the state of Victoria, to determine the ability of these processes to uphold the principle of remand as a last resort. This research draws on 33 interviews with key players in the bail and remand process, and observation of 117 bail and custody hearings in the Magistrates’ Court of Victoria. I argue that therapeutic bail lends legitimacy to the risk management processes that now dominate bail. I show how therapeutic bail is used as a management tool for people experiencing multiple markers of vulnerability. Punitive responses that flow from a failure to comply with therapeutic bail conditions illustrate the extension of penal power beyond the traditional realm of the prison institution and into pre-trial processes. Limited access to services further marginalises vulnerable people, increasing the possibility of experiencing therapeutic bail punitively. As a result, therapeutic bail support programmes may have punitive and net-widening effects, particularly on those most vulnerable in our community. This thesis provides theoretically grounded empirical research on therapeutic bail conditions in Victoria, an area that has so far escaped academic attention.
Coconut Libtool: Bridging Textual Analysis Gaps for Non-Programmers
Creators: name: Santosa, Faizhal Arif
name: Lamba, Manika
name: George, Crissandra
name: Downie, J. Stephen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Digital Libraries (cs.DL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In the era of big and ubiquitous data, professionals and students alike are finding themselves needing to perform a number of textual analysis tasks. Historically, the general lack of statistical expertise and programming skills has stopped many with humanities or social sciences backgrounds from performing and fully benefiting from such analyses. Thus, we introduce Coconut Libtool (www.coconut-libtool.com/), an open-source, web-based application that utilizes state-of-the-art natural language processing (NLP) technologies. Coconut Libtool analyzes text data from customized files and bibliographic databases such as Web of Science, Scopus, and Lens. Users can verify which functions can be performed with the data they have. Coconut Libtool deploys multiple algorithmic NLP techniques at the backend, including topic modeling (LDA, Biterm, and BERTopic algorithms), network graph visualization, keyword lemmatization, and sunburst visualization. Coconut Libtool is the people-first web application designed to be used by professionals, researchers, and students in the information sciences, digital humanities, and computational social sciences domains to promote transparency, reproducibility, accessibility, reciprocity, and responsibility in research practices.
description: 6 pages, 2 figures, pre-peer reviewed short paper accepted at the 87th Annual Meeting of the Association for Information Science and Technology, 25-29 October 2024, Calgary, Canada
Construction of polymeric Cu(I) N-heterocyclic carbene complex utilizing terpyridine-Fe(II) as linkers: Formation of an efficient and recyclable catalyst
Creators: name: Yang, Jin
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: A metal-coordination-driven self-assembly using the predesigned building block has been developed. Herein, the catalytic active NHC-Cu(I) units were introduced into the terpyridine metal coordination polymers. The self-assembled architecture, as a heterogeneous catalyst, was successfully used to catalyze the A3-coupling reaction of aldehyde, alkyne, and amine and Huisgen 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reaction of azide and alkyne in high yields.
Selbstregulation im Umgang mit Anforderungen: Hochschullehre als Angebot und die Bedeutung von Motivation und Volition für den Lernalltag
Creators: name: Keller-Schneider, Manuela
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: Angebot-Nutzungs-Modell
Evaluation
Motivation
Volition
hochschuldidaktische Unterrichtssettings

description: Im Zuge des Paradigmenwechsels ‚shift from teaching to learning’ steht die Eigenaktivität der Studierenden verstärkt im Fokus der Aufmerksamkeit. Spezifische hochschuldidaktische Unterrichtssettings wie Problembased Learning und vorbereitete Lernumgebungen sollen diese Eigenaktivität stärken und zu selbstregulierter Auseinandersetzungen mit dem Lerngegenstand führen. Dabei stellt sich die Frage, welche Bedeutung der Nutzung von Lerngelegenheiten und der eigenen Motivation und Volition zukommt und wie sich diese Faktoren auf den Lernertrag auswirken. Der folgende Beitrag untersucht die Frage, basierend auf dem Angebots-Nutzungs-Ansatz, welche Effekte die wahrgenommene Angebotsqualität, die Intensität der Nutzung unterschiedlicher Lernsettings und die Intensität der auf Lernen und Zielerreichung ausgerichteten Motivation und Volition auf den Lernertrag ausüben. Ergebnisse zeigen, dass alle Bereiche zur aufgeklärten Varianz von 53% beitragen, dass aber insbesondere motivationale Ressourcen und Nutzungsfaktoren zur Varianzaufklärung beitragen. Als Folgerungen für die Hochschuldidaktik kann abgeleitet werden, dass nicht nur eine hohe Qualität der Lehrveranstaltungen für das Lernergebnis der Studierenden von Bedeutung ist, sondern dass motivationale Ressourcen der Studierenden zum Lernergebnis beitragen.
description: +repphzhbib2016A
Exploring aspects of allosteric modulation and bias signalling at the glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor
Creators: name: Savage, Emilia Elizabeth
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2017
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: The glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP-1R) is an important regulator of insulin biosynthesis and secretion, and is one of the key therapeutic targets in the management of type II diabetes mellitus and obesity. Like most GPCRs, the GLP-1R is pleiotropically coupled, to physiologically relevant signalling pathways including cAMP formation, intracellular calcium (iCa2+) mobilization and phosphorylation of extracellular signal regulated kinases 1 and 2 (pERK1/2). The GLP-1R is a class B G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) that has the ability to be activated by multiple endogenous ligands including four variants of GLP-1 (the predominant form being GLP-1(7-36)NH2) and oxyntomodulin. This receptor is also activated by the exogenous peptide exendin-4 and allosteric ligands such as the Novo Nordisk Compound 2 and Eli Lily 4-(3-(benzyloxy)phenyl)-2-(ethylsulfinyl)-6-(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidine (BETP). These allosteric ligands also have unique properties compared to orthosteric exogenous ligands including the ability to alter the signalling of the GLP-1R in response to orthosteric ligands. These effects can be different depending on which orthosteric ligand is co bound to the receptor, a effect known as probe-dependence. This thesis identifies a novel case of probe dependence, the ability of allosteric ligands to modify the signalling mediated by metabolites of endogenous ligands that were previously considered to be ‘inert’ breakdown products that may open up new avenues for allosteric drug discovery. It is widely accepted that insulin secretion downstream of GLP-1R activation is critically dependent on cAMP formation, but recent evidence is also emerging for an essential role of regulatory proteins such as β-arrestins and G protein-coupled receptor kinases (GRK). The canonical role of these regulatory proteins is to terminate GPCR signalling and promote receptor internalization. However, more recently, roles as scaffolding proteins that can regulate G protein-independent signalling have emerged. Consequently, the studies comprising this thesis illustrate distinct recruitment profiles of regulatory proteins to the GLP-1R in response to multiple endogenous and exogenous ligands. This thesis identifies differential actions of allosteric modulators on GLP-1R peptide ligands (‘probe dependence’), thus demonstrating differential responses of receptor signalling with respect to both orthosteric and allosteric ligands, highlighting the ability for both ligand- and pathway-specific effects (‘biased signalling’). Collectively, this work further demonstrates the potential benefits of biased signalling and allosteric modulation, but may also influence the approaches and precautions that must be considered in the design, identification and development of small molecules for therapeutic use.
Inactivation of aerosolized surrogates of Bacillus anthracis spores by combustion products of aluminum- and magnesium-based reactive materials: Effect of exposure time
Creators: name: Nakpan, Worrawit
name: Grinshpun, Sergey A.
name: Yermakov, Michael
name: Indugula, Reshmi
name: Reponen, Tiina
name: Wang, Song
name: Schoenitz, Mirko
name: Dreizin, Edward L.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Ecology
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Targeting bioweapon facilities may release biothreat agents into the atmosphere. Bacterial spores such as Bacillus anthracis (Ba) escaping from direct exposure to the fireball potentially represent a high health risk. To mitigate it, reactive materials with biocidal properties are being developed. Aluminum-based iodine-containing compositions (e.g., Al·I2 and Al·B·I2) have been shown to inactivate aerosolized simulants of Ba effectively, i.e., by factors exceeding 104 when the spores are exposed to their combustion products over a short time (∼0.33 s). This follow-up study aimed at establishing an association between the spore inactivation caused by exposure to combustion products of different materials and the exposure time. Powders of Al, Al·I2, Al·B·I2, Mg, Mg·S, and Mg·B·I2 were combusted, and viable aerosolized endospores of B. thuringiensis var kurstaki (a well-established Ba simulant) were exposed to the released products for relatively short time periods: from ∼0.1 to ∼2 s. The tests were performed at two temperatures in the exposure chamber: ∼170°C and ∼260°C; both temperatures are lower than required for quick thermal inactivation of the spores. The higher temperature and exposure times above 0.33 s generated distinctively higher inactivation levels (as high as ∼105) for iodine-containing materials. We also observed inactivation levels of up to ∼103 at very short exposure times, 0.12s, in the presence of condensing MgO. However, the effect of MgO at longer exposure times became negligible. The biocidal effect of sulfur oxides was found to be weak. The study findings are crucial for establishing strategies and developing reaction models that target specific bioagent inactivation levels. Copyright © 2018 American Association for Aerosol Research
Exploring Multilingual Large Language Models for Enhanced TNM classification of Radiology Report in lung cancer staging
Creators: name: Matsuo, Hidetoshi
name: Nishio, Mizuho
name: Matsunaga, Takaaki
name: Fujimoto, Koji
name: Murakami, Takamichi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Background: Structured radiology reports remains underdeveloped due to labor-intensive structuring and narrative-style reporting. Deep learning, particularly large language models (LLMs) like GPT-3.5, offers promise in automating the structuring of radiology reports in natural languages. However, although it has been reported that LLMs are less effective in languages other than English, their radiological performance has not been extensively studied. Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the accuracy of TNM classification based on radiology reports using GPT3.5-turbo (GPT3.5) and the utility of multilingual LLMs in both Japanese and English. Material and Methods: Utilizing GPT3.5, we developed a system to automatically generate TNM classifications from chest CT reports for lung cancer and evaluate its performance. We statistically analyzed the impact of providing full or partial TNM definitions in both languages using a Generalized Linear Mixed Model. Results: Highest accuracy was attained with full TNM definitions and radiology reports in English (M = 94%, N = 80%, T = 47%, and ALL = 36%). Providing definitions for each of the T, N, and M factors statistically improved their respective accuracies (T: odds ratio (OR) = 2.35, p < 0.001; N: OR = 1.94, p < 0.01; M: OR = 2.50, p < 0.001). Japanese reports exhibited decreased N and M accuracies (N accuracy: OR = 0.74 and M accuracy: OR = 0.21). Conclusion: This study underscores the potential of multilingual LLMs for automatic TNM classification in radiology reports. Even without additional model training, performance improvements were evident with the provided TNM definitions, indicating LLMs' relevance in radiology contexts.
description: 16 pages, 3figures
Fluorescent concrete, a new material in structural technology
Creators: name: Jafari Marbini, Ali
name: Amoudeh, Ali
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 90501 Civil Geotechnical Engineering
subject: FOS: Civil engineering

description: Cement is one of the main materials of concrete that is used daily in the construction of variousstructures. This innovation dramatically increases the potential field of its applications, includingsome of them: its use outdoors in Roads and highways, as well as its use in the development ofreal estate, schools and even swimming pools. But the problem of providing light on roads andtunnels, etc., was a weakness that was only possible with access to electricity, until new cementcompletely eliminated this weakness. Scientists' research into concrete and cement has led to theproduction of cement that can be used and replaced for hours without street lights, tunnels andother places where access to electricity is difficult or not available at all or is not cost-effective. Itis a fluorescent or luminescent cement that can illuminate roads during hours without light.
 (PDF) Fluorescent concrete, a new material in structural technology. Available from: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/358595569_Fluorescent_concrete_a_new_material_in_structural_technology [accessed Apr 11 2022].
Scopaeus fusculus Motschulsky 1858
Creators: name: Frisch, Johannes
name: Narakusumo, Raden Pramesa
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Staphylinidae
Scopaeus
Scopaeus fusculus

description: Scopaeus fusculus Motschulsky, 1858
Motschulsky (1858: 641) described Scopaeus fusculus from ‘Indes orientales’ without precise locality data. However, ‘Birma’ (= Myanmar) is written on the original label of the single type specimen. The species was later recorded for Jawa Barat [Bandung (Bandoeng Dago), 08.12.1929; Cilacap (Tjilatjap), 20.01.1927 (Cameron 1936: 52)]. There is no evidence for the occurrence in Indonesia, which is why S. fusculus should not be listed for the country.
description: Published as part of Frisch, Johannes & Narakusumo, Raden Pramesa, 2022, Revision of Scopaeus Erichson, 1839 (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Paederinae) of Indonesia, with description of 19 new species, pp. 23-73 in Soil Organisms 95 (1) on page 70, DOI: 10.25674/so95iss1id311, http://zenodo.org/record/10724236
A way to identify whether a DFT gap is from right reasons or error cancellations: The case of copper chalcogenides
Creators: name: Shen, Jiale
name: Liu, Haitao
name: Li, Yuanchang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Gap opening remains elusive in copper chalcogenides (Cu$_{2}X$, $X$ = S, Se and Te), not least because Hubbard + $U$, hybrid functional and ${GW}$ methods have also failed. In this work, we elucidate that their failure originates from a severe underestimation of the 4$s$-3$d$ orbital splitting of the Cu atom, which leads to a band-order inversion in the presence of an anionic crystal field. As a result, the Fermi energy is pinned due to symmetry, yielding an invariant zero gap. Utilizing the hybrid pseudopotentials to correct the underestimation on the atomic side opens up gaps of experimental magnitude in Cu$_{2}X$, suggesting their predominantly electronic nature. Our work not only clarifies the debate about the Cu$_{2}X$ gap, but also provides a way to identify which of the different methods really captures the physical essence and which is the result of error cancellation.
description: Accepted by The Journal of Chemical Physics
Inactivation of Aerosolized Surrogates of Bacillus anthracis Spores by Combustion Products of Aluminum-and Magnesium-Based Reactive Materials: Effect of Exposure Time
Creators: name: Nakpan, Worrawit
name: Grinshpun, Sergey A.
name: Yermakov, Michael
name: Indugula, Reshmi
name: Reponen, Tiina
name: Wang, Song
name: Schoenitz, Mirko
name: Dreizin, Edward L.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Ecology
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Targeting bio-weapon facilities may release bio-threat agents into the atmosphere. Bacterial spores such as Bacillus anthracis (Ba) escaping from direct exposure to the fireball potentially represent a high health risk. To mitigate it, reactive materials with biocidal properties are being developed. Aluminum-based iodine-containing compositions (e.g., Al·I2 and Al·B·I2) have been shown to inactivate aerosolized simulants of Ba effectively, i.e., by factors exceeding 104 when the spores are exposed to their combustion products over a short time (∼0.33 s). This follow-up study aimed at establishing an association between the spore inactivation caused by exposure to combustion products of different materials and the exposure time. Powders of Al, Al·I2, Al·B·I2, Mg, Mg·S, and Mg·B·I2 were combusted, and viable aerosolized endospores of B. thuringiensis var kurstaki (a well-established Ba simulant) were exposed to the released products for relatively short time periods: from ∼0.1 to ∼2 s. The tests were performed at two temperatures in the exposure chamber: ∼170°C and ∼260°C; both temperatures are lower than required for quick thermal inactivation of the spores. The higher temperature and exposure times above 0.33 s generated distinctively higher inactivation levels (as high as ∼105) for iodine-containing materials. We also observed inactivation levels of up to ∼103 at very short exposure times, 0.12 s, in the presence of condensing MgO. However, the effect of MgO at longer exposure times became negligible. The biocidal effect of sulfur oxides was found to be weak. The study findings are crucial for establishing strategies and developing reaction models that target specific bio-agent inactivation levels.
Variations in macrobenthic community at two stations in the southern Yellow Sea and relation to climate variability (2000–2013)
Creators: name: Xu, Yong
name: Sui, Jixing
name: Li, Xinzheng
name: Wang, Hongfa
name: Zhang, Baolin
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: Decadal variations (2000–2013) in the macrobenthic community of the southern Yellow Sea were investigated based on the analysis of the community at two stations located basically along the 70 m depth contour. Significant decadal variations in community structure were found through cluster analysis, nMDS ordination and one-way ANOSIM. SIMPER analysis showed that the decadal community variations could be roughly attributed to the decrease of two species of Mollusks (Thyasira tokunagai and Nucula tenuis) and the increase of one echinoderm (Ophiura sarsii vadicola), one polychaete (Notomastus latericeus) and one bivalve (Portlandia japonica) at both stations. Redundancy analysis showed that the Pacific Decadal Oscillation and the Southern Oscillation Index were significant climate indices influencing the macrobenthic community structure in the southern Yellow Sea. Most of the species collected in 2000s showed a positive correlation with Pacific Decadal Oscillation at both stations, especially for cold water species Thyasira tokunagai, while most species in 2010s were positively correlated to Southern Oscillation Index, e.g. Portlandia japonica and Notomastus latericeus at station 1 and Sigambra bassi and Aricidea fragilis at station 2.
Supporting the implementation and monitoring of selective dry cow therapy (SDCT) on NY State dairy farms
Creators: name: Forrestal, A. M.
name: Potter, T. L.
name: Nydam, D. V.
name: Capel, M. B.
Publisher: name: American Association of Bovine Practitioners  Conference Proceedings
Year: 2023

description: Selective dry cow therapy (SDCT) is both a cost-saving and an­timicrobially conscientious approach to the critical time of dry off in a dairy cow’s lactation. Guidance regarding proper imple­mentation is crucial to the success of a SDCT program, and farm and cow-level selection parameters should be carefully followed. The objective of this project was to create a formal program in which eligible dairy farms in New York State would receive guidance in the form of SDCT protocol development, software use, dry-off procedure training and data monitoring regarding udder health and milk quality parameters through the entire enrollment period. Here we describe the program and farm performance after implementation thus far.
description: American Association of Bovine Practitioners Conference Proceedings, No. 55 (2022): 2022 Annual Conference Proceedings
Less Cybersickness, Please: Demystifying and Detecting Stereoscopic Visual Inconsistencies in Virtual Reality Apps
Creators: name: Li, Shuqing
name: Gao, Cuiyun
name: Zhang, Jianping
name: Zhang, Yujia
name: Liu, Yepang
name: Gu, Jiazhen
name: Peng, Yun
name: Lyu, Michael R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: Multimedia (cs.MM)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: D.2.5; H.5.1; H.5.2

description: The quality of Virtual Reality (VR) apps is vital, particularly the rendering quality of the VR Graphical User Interface (GUI). Different from traditional 2D apps, VR apps create a 3D digital scene for users, by rendering two distinct 2D images for the user's left and right eyes, respectively. Stereoscopic visual inconsistency (denoted as "SVI") issues, however, undermine the rendering process of the user's brain, leading to user discomfort and even adverse health effects. Such issues commonly exist but remain underexplored. We conduct an empirical analysis on 282 SVI bug reports from 15 VR platforms, summarizing 15 types of manifestations. The empirical analysis reveals that automatically detecting SVI issues is challenging, mainly because: (1) lack of training data; (2) the manifestations of SVI issues are diverse, complicated, and often application-specific; (3) most accessible VR apps are closed-source commercial software. Existing pattern-based supervised classification approaches may be inapplicable or ineffective in detecting the SVI issues. To counter these challenges, we propose an unsupervised black-box testing framework named StereoID to identify the stereoscopic visual inconsistencies, based only on the rendered GUI states. StereoID generates a synthetic right-eye image based on the actual left-eye image and computes distances between the synthetic right-eye image and the actual right-eye image to detect SVI issues. We propose a depth-aware conditional stereo image translator to power the image generation process, which captures the expected perspective shifts between left-eye and right-eye images. We build a large-scale unlabeled VR stereo screenshot dataset with larger than 171K images from 288 real-world VR apps for experiments. After substantial experiments, StereoID demonstrates superior performance for detecting SVI issues in both user reports and wild VR apps.
description: This work has been accepted at the ACM International Conference on the Foundations of Software Engineering (FSE) 2024, Porto de Galinhas, Brazil. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1145/3660803
Additional file 11: Table S5. of RNA-seq analysis reveals alternative splicing under salt stress in cotton, Gossypium davidsonii
Creators: name: Zhu, Guozhong
name: Li, Weixi
name: Zhang, Feng
name: Guo, Wangzhen
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biochemistry
Molecular Biology
Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Science Policy

description: Information on SR proteins identified in G. davidsonii. (DOCX 14Â kb)
Fractured lives : partnering younger people with stroke
Creators: name: Karasaki, Mutsumi
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2017
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Stroke is often sudden and unexpected, but what follows is often a long-term trajectory, marked by uncertainties. The ‘suddenness’ and ‘unexpectedness’ of stroke may be felt particularly by working age individuals and people around them, given that stroke is commonly considered a disease of old age and/or caused by a sedentary lifestyle. Almost all individuals who had a stroke at a ‘younger’ age return home, as they tend to make a better recovery trajectory compared to ‘older’ individuals, but also due to the lack of other appropriate options. Once home, they are usually supported by family members, with their spouse often providing the bulk of support. In my thesis, I explore experiences of spouses of people who have had a stroke whilst in their working age (29-54). Drawing on qualitative data collected through policy document analysis, ethnographic interviews and participant observation in Victoria, Australia, I challenge the notion of ‘carers’ as constructed in current healthcare and policy discourses. While policy and healthcare practice assume that the spouses of people who had a stroke will suddenly become ‘carers’, and that they exist only within the ‘care relationship’ – a self-contained unit – my participants’ accounts illuminate that the everyday lives of ‘carers’ are much more complex. The onset of stroke fractures participants’ assumed coherence in life, and their various social relationships. Their participation in everyday practices of ‘informal care’ was one of many interwoven, yet sometimes conflicting, identity performances. By delineating how their fractured lives, in a network of various relationships, were constantly reformed and restructured, I aim to generate a basis on which service providers, healthcare practitioners, policy makers and members of the wider society can engage in a constructive and critical discussion towards creating a ‘caring society’.
The Virgo Newtonian calibration system for the O4 observing run
Creators: name: Aubin, Florian
name: Dangelser, Eddy
name: Estevez, Dimitri
name: Masserot, Alain
name: Mours, Benoît
name: Pradier, Thierry
name: Syx, Antoine
name: Van Hove, Pierre
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: After initial tests performed during previous observing runs, a Newtonian Calibrator (NCal) system was developed and installed on the Virgo gravitational wave detector for the O4 observing run. This system, which is continuously operated, provides the absolute calibration of Virgo for this run. Its $1\mbox{-}σ$ uncertainty of $0.17\%$ on the amplitudes of the injected signals is better than that obtained with other calibration techniques like the photon calibrator (PCal). This paper presents this NCal system and details the different sources of uncertainties
description: Class. Quantum Grav (2024)
Additional file 2: File S2. of Genetic polymorphisms identify in species/biovars of Brucella isolated in China between 1953 and 2013 by MLST
Creators: name: Piao, Dong-ri
name: Liu, Xi
name: Di, Dong-dong
name: Xiao, Pei
name: Zhao, Zhong-zhi
name: Xu, Li-qing
name: Tian, Guo-zhong
name: Zhao, Hong-yan
name: Fan, Wei-xing
name: Cui, Bu-yun
name: Jiang, Hai
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology

description: New STs (ST71-ST83) sequences data. (DOCX 37 kb)
Additional file 3: Figure S1. of Genetic polymorphisms identify in species/biovars of Brucella isolated in China between 1953 and 2013 by MLST
Creators: name: Piao, Dong-ri
name: Liu, Xi
name: Di, Dong-dong
name: Xiao, Pei
name: Zhao, Zhong-zhi
name: Xu, Li-qing
name: Tian, Guo-zhong
name: Zhao, Hong-yan
name: Fan, Wei-xing
name: Cui, Bu-yun
name: Jiang, Hai
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: UPGMA dendrogram based on the MLST assay showing the similarities of 206 Brucella isolates. Key: serial number for the 206 isolates; Biovar: stains species and biovars by phenotype; Place/Time: the place and time when the strains were collected; Source: the hosts from which the bacteria was isolated; ST: MLST genotype. (PDF 221 kb)
Novel mechanisms for the regulation of zinc homeostasis in Drosophila melanogaster
Creators: name: Richards, Christopher Dean
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2017
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Zinc is an essential metal and is required for a plethora of cellular and physiological processes. Highlighting its essential role in biology are predictions that up to 10% of the human genome encodes proteins with zinc binding domains. The maintenance of zinc homeostasis at a cellular level is largely controlled by two interacting protein families, the ZIP (SCL39) family responsible for zinc uptake into the cytosol and the ZnT (SCL30) family responsible for zinc efflux out of the cytosol. The large number of transporters in Drosophila (17) and mammalian (24) transporters leads to difficulties determining the function of single genes, therefore the basic functional role of many of these transporters remains largely unknown. Utilising the powerful genetic tools available in Drosophila melanogaster this study aimed to build upon previous work conducted in the Burke laboratory and perform a detailed functional analysis of two highly conserved Drosophila dZIP genes, dZIP89B and dZIP88E. These transporters share high amino acid conservation with dZIP42C.1 and dZIP42C.2 which have roles in dietary zinc uptake, and provide an excellent system in which to explore the potential for functional redundancy and specificity within the Drosophila zinc transport system. Here, I provide detailed analysis of genetic interactions, mRNA and protein expression patterns, systemic/localised zinc status and a detailed characterisation of null mutants in these genes that suggests functionally specific roles for dZIP89B and dZIP88E. My results suggest that dIZP89B may be a low affinity, constitutively active transporter involved in dietary zinc uptake, indicating this process may be more sophisticated than previously suggested. I also provide evidence for the novel role of dZIP88E in the regulation of systemic zinc status, a mechanism that has not yet been described in mammalian or insect systems. Furthermore, two genetic modifier screens utilising chromosomal deficiency lines and targeted RNAi suppression in combination with a sensitised zinc toxicity background were carried out to identify novel regulators of zinc homeostasis. The results of these screens not only provide an excellent platform for further research novel genes that interact with the zinc homeostasis machinery, but validate the use of Drosophila for screens of this nature.
Quseir al-Qadim plan 4 - Peacock, Blue 2006a fig. 2.2
Creators: name: ?
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2020

description: created: ?