cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Deciphering the impact of missense mutations on structure and dynamics of SMAD4 protein involved in pathogenesis of gall bladder cancer
Creators: name: Kumar, Rakesh
name: Kumar, Rahul
name: Tanwar, Pranay
name: Rath, G K
name: Kumar, Ritesh
name: Kumar, Sunil
name: Dash, Nihar
name: Das, Prasenjit
name: Hussain, Showket
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Computational Biology

description: Gall bladder cancer (GBC) is the most common malignancy of biliary tract cancer associated with high mortality rate and poor prognosis due to lack of suitable biomarkers. In this study, we explored the structural and functional effects of different missense mutations occurs in SMAD4 that was associated with the development of GBC. We utilized in silico methods to predict the harmful effects of nonsynonymous missense mutations and monitored the stability of protein. We found that all mutations (D351N, G352E, R361C, R361H, E526Q) associated with SMAD4 were deleterious in nature resulting in the formation of deformed or unstable protein structure. Molecular dynamics simulation studies revealed how these mutations affect protein stability, structure, conformation and function. We observed, different mutants increase the compactness and rigidity of SMAD4 protein, alter secondary structure composition, decrease the surface area and protein-ligand interaction and affect its conformation. Findings of current work indicated that the analyzed mutations might affect the structure of protein and its caliber to interact with other molecules, which probably related to functional impairment of SMAD4 upon D351N, G352E, R361C, R361H, E526Q mutations and their involvement in cancer. Hence, the present study has significance of rational drug design and further increase our understanding of GBC development.
Microwave induced magnetoresistance oscillations at the subharmonics of the cyclotron resonance
Creators: name: Dorozhkin, S. I.
name: Smet, J. H.
name: von Klitzing, K.
name: Pfeiffer, L. N.
name: West, K. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The magnetoresistance oscillations, which occur in a two-dimensional electron system exposed to strong microwave radiation when the microwave frequency $ω$ coincides with the n-th subharmonic of the cyclotron frequency $ω_c$ have been investigated for n = 2, 3 and 4. It is shown that these subharmonic features can be explained within a non-equilibrium energy distribution function picture without invoking multi-photon absorption processes. The existence of a frequency threshold above which such oscillations disappear lends further support to this explanation.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures
The interplay between radiation pressure and the photoelectric instability in optically thin disks of gas and dust
Creators: name: Richert, Alexander J. W.
name: Lyra, Wladimir
name: Kuchner, Marc
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Previous theoretical works have shown that in optically thin disks, dust grains are photoelectrically stripped of electrons by starlight, heating nearby gas and possibly creating a dust clumping instability, the photoelectric instability (PeI), that significantly alters global disk structure. In the current work, we use the Pencil Code to perform the first numerical models of the PeI that include stellar radiation pressure on dust grains in order to explore the parameter regime in which the instability operates. In models with gas surface densities greater than $\sim$$10^{-4}~\mathrm{g}~\mathrm{cm}^{-2}$, we see a variety of dust structures, including sharp concentric rings and non-axisymmetric arcs and clumps that represent dust surface density enhancements of factors of $\sim$$5-20$ depending on the run parameters. The gas distributions show various structures as well, including clumps and arcs formed from spiral arms. In models with lower gas surface densities, vortices and smooth spiral arms form in the gas distribution, but the dust is too weakly coupled to the gas to be significantly perturbed. In one high gas surface density model, we include a large, low-order gas viscosity, and, in agreement with previous radiation pressure-free models, find that it observably smooths the structures that form in the gas and dust, suggesting that resolved images of a given disk may be useful for deriving constraints on the effective viscosity of its gas. Broadly, our models show that radiation pressure does not preclude the formation of complex structure from the PeI, but the qualitative manifestation of the PeI depends strongly on the parameters of the system. The PeI may provide an explanation for unusual disk morphologies such as the moving blobs of the AU Mic disk, the asymmetric dust distribution of the 49 Ceti disk, and the rings and arcs found in the disk around HD 141569A.
description: 13 pages, 13 figures; submitted to ApJ
A Dust-Penetrated Classification Scheme for Bars as Inferred from their Gravitational Force Fields
Creators: name: Buta, R.
name: Block, D. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The division of galaxies into ``barred'' (SB) and ``normal'' (S) spirals is a fundamental aspect of the Hubble galaxy classification system. This ``tuning fork'' view was revised by de Vaucouleurs, whose classification volume recognized apparent ``bar strength'' (SA, SAB, SB) as a continuous property of galaxies called the ``family''. However, the SA, SAB, and SB families are purely visual judgments that can have little bearing on the actual bar strength in a given galaxy. Until very recently, published bar judgments were based exclusively on blue light images, where internal extinction or star formation can either mask a bar completely or give the false impression of a bar in a nonbarred galaxy. Near-infrared camera arrays, which principally trace the old stellar populations in both normal and barred galaxies, now facilitate a quantification of bar strength in terms of their gravitational potentials and force fields. In this paper, we show that the maximum value, Qb, of the ratio of the tangential force to the mean radial force is a quantitative measure of the strength of a bar. Qb does not measure bar ellipticity or bar shape, but rather depends on the actual forcing due to the bar embedded in its disk. We show that a wide range of true bar strengths characterizes the category ``SB'', while de Vaucouleurs category ``SAB'' corresponds to a much narrower range of bar strengths. We present Qb values for 36 galaxies, and we incorporate our bar classes into a dust-penetrated classification system for spiral galaxies.
description: Accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal (LaTex, 30 pages + 3 figures); Figs. 1 and 3 are in color and are also available at http://bama.ua.edu/~rbuta/bars/
Realization of a hole-doped Mott insulator on a triangular silicon lattice
Creators: name: Ming, Fangfei
name: Johnston, Steve
name: Mulugeta, Daniel
name: Smith, Tyler S.
name: Vilmercati, Paolo
name: Lee, Geunseop
name: Maier, Thomas A.
name: Snijders, Paul C.
name: Weitering, Hanno H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The physics of doped Mott insulators is at the heart of some of the most exotic physical phenomena in materials research including insulator-metal transitions, colossal magneto-resistance, and high-temperature superconductivity in layered perovskite compounds. Advances in this field would greatly benefit from the availability of new material systems with similar richness of physical phenomena, but with fewer chemical and structural complications in comparison to oxides. Using scanning tunneling microscopy and spectroscopy, we show that such a system can be realized on a silicon platform. Adsorption of one-third monolayer of Sn atoms on a Si(111) surface produces a triangular surface lattice with half-filled dangling bond orbitals. Modulation hole-doping of these dangling bonds unveils clear hallmarks of Mott physics, such as spectral weight transfer and the formation of quasi-particle states at the Fermi level, well-defined Fermi contour segments, and a sharp singularity in the density of states. These observations are remarkably similar to those made in complex oxide materials, including high-temperature superconductors, but highly extraordinary within the realm of conventional sp-bonded semiconductor materials. It suggests that exotic quantum matter phases can be realized and engineered on silicon-based materials platforms.
Initial Explorations in English to Turkish Statistical Machine Translation
Creators: name: Oflazer, Kemal
name: Ilknur Durgar-El Kahlout
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: 80107 Natural Language Processing
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper presents some very preliminary results for and problems in developing a statistical machine translation system from English to Turkish. Starting with a baseline word model trained from about 20K aligned sentences, we explore various ways of exploiting morphological structure to improve upon the baseline system. As Turkish is a language with complex agglutinative word structures, we experiment with morphologically segmented and disambiguated versions of the parallel texts in order to also uncover relations between morphemes and function words in one language with morphemes and functions words in the other, in addition to relations between open class content words. Morphological segmentation on the Turkish side also conflates the statistics from allomorphs so that sparseness can be alleviated to a certain extent. We find that this approach coupled with a simple grouping of most frequent morphemes and function words on both sides improve the BLEU score from the baseline of 0.0752 to 0.0913 with the small training data. We close with a discussion on why one should not expect distortion parameters to model word-local morpheme ordering and that a new approach to handling complex morphotactics is needed.
Deriving High-Precision Radial Velocities
Creators: name: Figueira, Pedro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This chapter describes briefly the key aspects behind the derivation of precise radial velocities. I start by defining radial velocity precision in the context of astrophysics in general and exoplanet searches in particular. Next I discuss the different basic elements that constitute a spectrograph, and how these elements and overall technical choices impact on the derived radial velocity precision. Then I go on to discuss the different wavelength calibration and radial velocity calculation techniques, and how these are intimately related to the spectrograph's properties. I conclude by presenting some interesting examples of planets detected through radial velocity, and some of the new-generation instruments that will push the precision limit further.
description: Lecture presented at the IVth Azores International Advanced School in Space Sciences on "Asteroseismology and Exoplanets: Listening to the Stars and Searching for New Worlds" (arXiv:1709.00645), which took place in Horta, Azores Islands, Portugal in July 2016
Quantum dynamics in splitting a harmonically trapped Bose-Einstein condensate by an optical lattice: Truncated Wigner approximation
Creators: name: Isella, L.
name: Ruostekoski, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the splitting of a harmonically trapped atomic Bose-Einstein condensate when we continuously turn up an optical lattice (or a double-well) potential. As the lattice height is increased, quantum fluctuations of atoms are enhanced. The resulting nonequilibrium dynamics of the fragmentation process of the condensate, the loss of the phase coherence of atoms along the lattice, and the reduced atom number fluctuations in individual lattice sites are stochastically studied within the truncated Wigner approximation. We perform a detailed study of the effects of temperature and lattice height on atom dynamics, and investigate the validity of the classical Gross-Pitaevskii equation in optical lattices. We find the atom number squeezing to saturate in deep lattices due to nonadiabaticity in turning up of the lattice potential that is challenging to avoid in experiments when the occupation number of the lattice sites is large, making it difficult to produce strongly number squeezed (or the Mott insulator) states with large filling factors. We also investigate some general numerical properties of the truncated Wigner approximation.
description: 17 pages
EPIDEMIOLOGY OF DEGENERATIVE SPINE INJURIES
Creators: name: Mirzajonov, A.Sh.
name: Mamasoliev, N.S.
name: Usmanov, B.U.
name: Kalandarov, D.M.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: The purpose of the study is to study the epidemiology of degenerative spine injuries (DIS) in the population of adolescents and adults living in the conditions of the Fergana Valley.
Multiscale reconstruction of time series
Creators: name: Nawroth, A. P.
name: Peinke, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A new method is proposed which allows a reconstruction of time series based on higher order multiscale statistics given by a hierarchical process. This method is able to model the time series not only on a specific scale but for a range of scales. It is possible to generate complete new time series, or to model the next steps for a given sequence of data. The method itself is based on the joint probability density which can be extracted directly from given data, thus no estimation of parameters is necessary. The results of this approach are shown for a real world dataset, namely for turbulence. The unconditional and conditional probability densities of the original and reconstructed time series are compared and the ability to reproduce both is demonstrated. Therefore in the case of Markov properties the method proposed here is able to generate artificial time series with correct n-point statistics.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures
Os Desafios Contemporâneos Na Gestão Escolar: Estratégias Para Um Ambiente De Aprendizagem  Resiliente
Creators: name: Matheus, Gomes da Costa
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Na era da informação e da rápida evolução tecnológica, o ambiente educacional contemporâneo enfrentadesafios e oportunidades singulares que demandam uma abordagem inovadora na gestão pedagógica. Adinâmica e complexidade do ambiente educacional contemporâneo exigem uma abordagem inovadora na gestãopedagógica, que transcenda a tradicional estrutura escolar. O presente estudo adotou uma abordagem depesquisa qualitativa e quantitativa, incorporando elementos de pesquisa de campo para obter uma compreensãoabrangente da eficácia da gestão pedagógica na promoção de práticas inovadoras no ambiente escolar. Apesquisa de campo envolveu a coleta de dados em escolas e universidades selecionadas, tais como: UniversidadeEstadual do Maranhão (UEMA), Universidade Federal do Maranhão (UFMA) e o Centro de Ensino ProfessorLuís Viana (CEPLV), buscando insights aprofundados sobre as estratégias de gestão pedagógica e seu impactonas práticas educacionais inovadoras. A amostra foi composta por gestores escolares, professores e outrosmembros da equipe pedagógica de escolas que demonstram práticas inovadoras, no qual obteve-se um total de23 entrevistados ao todo. A análise quantitativa dos dados revelou uma percepção predominantemente positivasobre a importância da gestão pedagógica na promoção da inovação. A maioria dos gestores escolares (87%) emembros da equipe pedagógica (76%) concordou que estratégias de gestão eficazes são fundamentais para criarum ambiente propício à implementação de práticas inovadoras. A gestão pedagógica eficaz é um elemento vitalpara promover práticas inovadoras no ambiente escolar. Este estudo não apenas forneceu uma compreensãoaprofundada dessa relação, mas também delineou passos práticos para aprimorar a gestão pedagógica eimpulsionar a inovação educacional.
BRST Cohomology in Quantum Affine Algebra $U_q(\widehat{sl_2})$
Creators: name: Konno, Hitoshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1993
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using free field representation of quantum affine algebra $U_q(\widehat{sl_2})$, we investigate the structure of the Fock modules over $U_q(\widehat{sl_2})$. The analisys is based on a $q$-analog of the BRST formalism given by Bernard and Felder in the affine Kac-Moody algebra $\widehat {sl_2}$. We give an explicit construction of the singular vectors using the BRST charge. By the same cohomology analysis as the classical case ($q=1$), we obtain the irreducible highest weight representation space as a nontrivial cohomology group. This enables us to calculate a trace of the $q$-vertex operators over this space.
description: 14 pages, RIMS-927
The FUSE Spectrum of PG0804+761: A Study of Atomic and MolecularGas in the Lower Galactic Halo and Beyond
Creators: name: Richter, P.
name: Savage, B. D.
name: Wakker, B. P.
name: Sembach, K. R.
name: Kalberla, P. M. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an analysis of interstellar and intergalactic absorption lines in the FUSE spectrum of the low-redshift quasar PG0804+761 (z=0.100) at intermediate resolution (FWHM=25 km/s) in the direction l=138.3, b=31.0. With a good signal-to-noise ratio and the presence of several interesting Galactic and extragalactic absorption components along the sight line, this spectrum provides a good opportunity to demonstrate the ability of FUSE to do both interstellar and extragalactic science. Although the spectrum of PG0804+761 is dominated by strong absorption from local Galactic gas, we concentrate our study on absorption by molecular hydrogen and neutral neutral and ionized metals related to an intermediate-velocity cloud in the lower Galactic halo at -55 km/s, and on absorption from OVI extended to negative velocities. In the IVC, weak molecular hydrogen absorption is found in 5 lines for rotational levels 0 and 1, leading to a total H_2 column density of log N = 14.71(+-0.30). We derive an OI gas-phase abundance for the IVC of 1.03(+0.71-0.42) solar. Absorption by OVI is found at velocities as negative as -110 km/s, but no absorption from any species is found at velocities of -180 km/ where absorption from the nearby high-velocity Complex A would be expected. We suggest that the extended OVI absorption traces hot gas above the Perseus spiral arm. Finally, we find intergalactic absorption by an intervening HI Ly betax absorber at z=0.019 and absorption by HI, CIII and OVI in an associated system at z=0.102. No intervening OVI absorbers are seen in the spectrum of PG0804+761.
description: 27 pages, 6 figures; accepted for publication in ApJ
Comparative investigation of the coupled-tetrahedra quantum spin systems Cu2Te2O5X2, X=Cl, Br and Cu4Te5O12Cl4
Creators: name: Valenti, R.
name: Saha-Dasgupta, T.
name: Jeschke, H. O.
name: Rahaman, B.
name: Rosner, H.
name: Lemmens, P.
name: Takagi, R.
name: Johnsson, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a comparative study of the coupled-tetrahedra quantum spin systems Cu2Te2O5X2, X=Cl, Br (Cu-2252(X)) and the newly synthesized Cu4Te5O12Cl4 (Cu-45124(Cl)) based on ab initio Density Functional Theory calculations. The magnetic behavior of Cu-45124(Cl) with a phase transition to an ordered state at a lower critical temperature T$_c$=13.6K than in Cu-2252(Cl) (T$_c$=18K) can be well understood in terms of the modified interaction paths. We identify the relevant structural changes between the two systems and discuss the hypothetical behavior of the not yet synthesized Cu-45124(Br) with an ab initio relaxed structure using Car-Parrinello Molecular Dynamics.
description: 2 pages, 1 figure; submitted to Proceedings of M2S-HTSC VIII, Dresden 2006
Super-easy quantum groups: definition and examples
Creators: name: Banica, Teodor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We investigate the "two-parameter" quantum symmetry groups that we previously constructed with Skalski, with the conclusion that some of these quantum groups, namely those without singletons, are "super-easy" in a suitable sense, that we axiomatize here. Our formalism covers as well the symplectic group $Sp_n$ and its free version $Sp_n^+$, and some other interesting examples. Finally, we address the general problem of classifying the super-easy quantum groups, and we make a few comments on it.
description: 10 pages
Probabilistic Regularization in Inverse Optical Imaging
Creators: name: De Micheli, Enrico
name: Viano, Giovanni Alberto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The problem of object restoration in the case of spatially incoherent illumination is considered. A regularized solution to the inverse problem is obtained through a probabilistic approach, and a numerical algorithm based on the statistical analysis of the noisy data is presented. Particular emphasis is placed on the question of the positivity constraint, which is incorporated into the probabilistically regularized solution by means of a quadratic programming technique. Numerical examples illustrating the main steps of the algorithm are also given.
description: 21 pages, 4 figures
Tandem Mass Tag-Based Proteomics Reveals the effect of Electron Beam Irradiation on Metabolism-Related Differentially Expressed Proteins in Solenocera melantho Postmortem
Creators: name: Yu, Qi
name: Pan, Huijuan
name: Shao, Haitao
name: Qian, Chenru
name: Li, Yongyong
name: Lou, Yongjiang
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Physiology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: Postmortem metabolism in shrimp is an important factor affecting muscle quality during its preservation. Electron beam irradiation (EBI) can effectively kill microorganisms and inactivate enzymes. In this study, the tandem mass tag (TMT) method was used to study the changes in the muscle metabolism of Solenocera melantho postmortem before and after EBI (6 kGy). The TMT method identified a total of 656 proteins, including 120 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) (56 upregulated, 64 downregulated). The analysis of these results showed that EBI can inactivate most enzymes and slow down their corresponding metabolic processes. These results also showed that irradiation can denature some proteins. The study revealed the effects of EBI on the muscle quality of S. melantho at the molecular level.
Combining Hand-crafted Rules and Unsupervised Learning in Constraint-based Morphological Disambiguation
Creators: name: Oflazer, Kemal
name: Gokhan Tur
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: 80107 Natural Language Processing
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper presents a constraint-based morphological disambiguation approach that is applicable languages with complex morphology-specifically agglutinative languages with productive inflectional and derivational morphological phenomena. In certain respects, our approach has been motivated by Brill's recent work (Brill, 1995b), but with the observation that his transformational approach is not directly applicable to languages like Turkish. Our system combines corpus independent handcrafted constraint rules, constraint rules that are learned via unsupervised learning from a training corpus, and additional statistical information from the corpus to be morphologically disambiguated. The hand-crafted rules are linguistically motivated and tuned to improve precision without sacrificing recall. The unsupervised learning process produces two sets of rules: (i) choose rules which choose morphological parses of a lexical item satisfying constraint effectively discarding other parses, and (ii) delete rules, which delete parses satisfying a constraint. Our approach also uses a novel approach to unknown word processing by employing a secondary morphological processor which recovers any relevant inflectional and derivational information from a lexical item whose root is unknown. With this approach, well below 1% of the tokens remains as unknown in the texts we have experimented with. Our results indicate that by combining these hand-crafted, statistical and learned information sources, we can attain a recall of 96 to 97% with a corresponding precision of 93 to 94%, and ambiguity of 1.02 to 1.03 parses per token.
Off-Shell Bethe Ansatz Equation for Gaudin Magnets and Solutions of Knizhnik-Zamolodchikov Equations
Creators: name: Babujian, H. M.
name: Flume, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1993
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We generalize the previously established connection between the off-shell Bethe ansatz equation for inhomogeneous SU(2) lattice vertex models in the quasiclassical limit and the solutions of the SU(2) Knizhnik-Zamolodchikov equations to the case of arbitrary simple Lie algebras.
description: 10 pages (LaTeX), BONN-HE-93-30, YPI 1407 (18)-93
The Effects of Noise and Sampling on the Spectral Correlation Function
Creators: name: Padoan, Paolo
name: Rosolowsky, Erik W.
name: Goodman, Alyssa A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The effects of noise and sampling on the ``Spectral Correlation Function'' (SCF) introduced by Rosolowsky et al. 1999 are studied using observational data, numerical simulations of magneto-hydrodynamic turbulence, and simple models of Gaussian spectral line profiles. The most significant innovations of this paper are: i) the normalization of the SCF based on an analytic model for the effect of noise; ii) the computation of the SCF as a function of the spatial lag between spectra within a map. By computing of the dependence of the SCF on the spatial lag, S_o(dr), we have been able to conclude that: 1) S_o(dr) is a power law, with slope in the range of scales l_i-l_o. 2) The correlation outer scale, l_o, is determined by the size of the map, and no evidence for a true departure from self-similarity on large scales has been found. 3) The correlation inner scale, l_i, is a true estimate of the smallest self-similar scale in a map. 4) The spectral slope in a given region, is independent of velocity resolution (above a minimum resolution threshold), spatial resolution, and average spectrum quality. 5) Molecular transitions which trace higher gas density yield larger values of the spectral slope than transitions tracing lower gas density. 6) Nyquist sampling, bad pixels in detector arrays, and reference sharing data acquisition need to be taken into account for a correct determination of the SCF at lag dr=1. The value of the spectral slope, however, can be computed correctly without a detailed knowledge of observational procedures.
description: 28 pages, 12 figures included. To be published in The Astrophysical Journal
Exploring Different Representational Units in English-to-Turkish Statistical Machine Translation
Creators: name: Oflazer, Kemal
name: Ilknur Durgar-El Kahlout
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: 80107 Natural Language Processing
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We investigate different representational granularities for sub-lexical representation in statistical machine translation work from English to Turkish. We find that (i) representing both Turkish and English at the morpheme-level but with some selective morpheme-grouping on the Turkish side of the training data, (ii) augmenting the training data with “sentences” comprising only the content words of the original training data to bias root word alignment, (iii) reranking the n-best morpheme-sequence outputs of the decoder with a word-based language model, and (iv) using model iteration all provide a non-trivial improvement over a fully word-based baseline. Despite our very limited training data, we improve from 20.22 BLEU points for our simplest model to 25.08 BLEU points for an improvement of 4.86 points or 24% relative.
Empirical Measures and Quantum Mechanics: Application to the Mean-Field Limit
Creators: name: Golse, François
name: Paul, Thierry
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 82C10, 35Q55 (81Q05)

description: In this paper, we define a quantum analogue of the notion of empirical measure in the classical mechanics of $N$-particle systems. We establish an equation governing the evolution of our quantum analogue of the $N$-particle empirical measure, and we prove that this equation contains the Hartree equation as a special case. Our main application of this new object to the mean-field limit of the $N$-particle Schrödinger equation is an $O(1/\sqrt{N})$ convergence rate in some dual Sobolev norm for the Wigner transform of the single-particle marginal of the $N$-particle density operator, uniform in $\hbar\in(0,1]$ (where $\hbar$ is the Planck constant) provided that $V$ and $(-Δ)^{3+d/2}V$ have integrable Fourier transforms.
description: 35 pages, no figure
High-order harmonic generation of doped semiconductor
Creators: name: Huang, Tengfei
name: Zhu, Xiaosong
name: Li, Liang
name: Liu, Xi
name: Lan, Pengfei
name: Lu, Peixiang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the high-order harmonic generation (HHG) in doped semiconductors. The HHG is simulated with the single-electron time-dependent Schrödinger equation (TDSE). The results show that the high-order harmonics in the second plateau generated from the doped semiconductors is about 1 to 3 orders of magnitude higher than those from the undoped semiconductor. The results are explained based on the analysis of the energy band structure and the time-dependent population imaging. Our work indicates that doping can effectively control the HHG in semiconductor.
Exclusive diffractive resonance production in proton-proton collisions at high energies
Creators: name: Fiore, R.
name: Jenkovszky, L.
name: Schicker, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A model for exclusive diffractive resonance production in proton-proton collisions at high energies is presented. This model is able to predict double differential distributions with respect to the mass and the transverse momentum of the produced resonance in the mass region $\sqrt{M^2}\le$5 GeV. The model is based on convoluting the Pomeron distribution in the proton with the Pomeron-Pomeron-meson total cross section. The Pomeron-Pomeron-meson cross section is saturated by direct-channel contributions from the Pomeron as well as from two different $f$ trajectories, accompanied by the isolated f$_0(500)$ resonance dominating the $\sqrt{M^{2}} \leq $ GeV region. A slowly varying background is taken into account.
description: 11 pages, 14 figures. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1512.04977
MOESM1 of Engineering the oleaginous yeast Yarrowia lipolytica for production of α-farnesene
Creators: name: Liu, Yinghang
name: Jiang, Xin
name: Cui, Zhiyong
name: Wang, Zhaoxuan
name: Qi, Qingsheng
name: Hou, Jin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified

description: Additional file 1. Additional figures and tables.
Observation of an optical non-Fermi-liquid behavior in the heavy fermion state of YbRh$_{2}$Si$_{2}$
Creators: name: Kimura, S.
name: Sichelschmidt, J.
name: Ferstl, J.
name: Krellner, C.
name: Geibel, C.
name: Steglich, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report far-infrared optical properties of YbRh$_{2}$Si$_{2}$ for photon energies down to 2 meV and temperatures 0.4 -- 300 K. In the coherent heavy quasiparticle state, a linear dependence of the low-energy scattering rate on both temperature and photon energy was found. We relate this distinct dynamical behavior different from that of Fermi liquid materials to the non-Fermi liquid nature of YbRh$_{2}$Si$_{2}$ which is due to its close vicinity to an antiferromagnetic quantum critical point.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures. submitted
title: ADCO, Neuvième cartulaire de Saint-Étienne de Dijon (1661 - 1684), Cart. 32 (G 136), 745 folios, f. 1060
Creators: name: de la Côte d'Or, Archives départementales
name: Archives Départementales De La Côte-D'Or
name: Petot, Frédérique
name: Petot, Frédéric
name: Projet CBMA
name: CG21/F.PETOT/2012
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris
subject: cartulaire
subject: Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi
subject: Chartes de la Bourgogne du Moyen Âge
subject: LaMOP

description: Neuvième cartulaire de Saint-Étienne de Dijon (1661 - 1684), Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, Cart. 32 (G 136), 745 folios, f. 1060, Numérisation en mode image.
description: Relation: http://www.cbma-project.eu/
description: Bibliographic citation: Neuvième cartulaire de Saint-Étienne de Dijon (1661 - 1684), Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, Cart. 32 (G 136), 745 folios, f. 1060, in Projet CBMA - Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi [Ressource en ligne], https:// manuscrits.cbma-project.eu/
description: Provenance: abbaye Saint-Étienne de Dijon
description: Provenance: http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q15945019
Probing the cold and warm molecular gas in the Whirlpool Galaxy: Herschel SPIRE-FTS Observations of the central region of M51 (NGC 5194)
Creators: name: Schirm, M. R. P.
name: Wilson, C. D.
name: Kamenetzky, J.
name: Parkin, T. J.
name: Glenn, J.
name: Maloney, P.
name: Rangwala, N.
name: Spinoglio, L.
name: Baes, M.
name: Boselli, A.
name: Cooray, A.
name: De Looze, I.
name: Fernandez-Ontiveros, J. A.
name: Karczewski, O. L.
name: Wu, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present Herschel SPIRE-FTS intermediate-sampled mapping observations of the central ~8 kpc (~150") of M51, with a spatial resolution of 40". We detect 4 12CO transitions (J=4-3 to J=7-6) and the CI 3P2-3P1 and 3P1-3P0 transitions. We supplement these observations with ground based observations of 12CO J=1-0 to J=3-2 and perform a two-component non-LTE analysis. We find that the molecular gas in the nucleus and centre regions has a cool component (T_kin~10-20 K) with a moderate but poorly constrained density (n(H2)~10^3-10^6 cm^-3), as well as significant molecular gas in a warmer (T_kin~300-3000 K), lower density (n(H2)~10^1.6-10^2.5 cm^-3) component. We compare our CO line ratios and calculated densities along with ratios of CO to total infrared luminosity to a grid of photon dominated region (PDR) models and find that the cold molecular gas likely resides in PDRs with a field strength of G_o~10^2. The warm component likely requires an additional source of mechanical heating, from supernovae and stellar winds or possibly shocks produced in the strong spiral density wave. When compared to similar two-component models of other star-forming galaxies published as part of the Very Nearby Galaxies Survey (Arp 220, M82 and NGC 4038/39), M51 has the lowest density for the warm component, while having a warm gas mass fraction that is comparable to those of Arp 220 and M82, and significantly higher than that of NGC 4038/39.
description: 21 pages; accepted to MNRAS
Landau gauge within the Gribov horizon
Creators: name: Maggiore, Nicola
name: Schaden, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1993
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a model which effectively restricts the functional integral of Yang--Mills theories to the fundamental modular region. Using algebraic arguments, we prove that this theory has the same divergences as ordinary Yang Mills theory in the Landau gauge and that it is unitary. The restriction of the functional integral is interpreted as a kind of spontaneous breakdown of the $BRS$ symmetry.
description: 17 pages, NYU-TH-93/10/05
MOESM10 of Upgrading of efficient and scalable CRISPR–Cas-mediated technology for genetic engineering in thermophilic fungus Myceliophthora thermophila
Creators: name: Liu, Qian
name: Zhang, Yongli
name: Li, Fangya
name: Li, Jingen
name: Sun, Wenliang
name: Tian, Chaoguang
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 10: Figure S9. Second round of target genomic editing by CRISPR–Cas9 system. (A) Schematic of homologous recombination (HR) of neo, alp-1, rca-1 and hcr-1 mediated by Cas12a, array2 and donor DNA. (B) PCR analysis of quadruple-gene deletion of neo, alp-1, rca-1 and hcr-1 in selected transformants using one primer (gh1-1-out-F2, alp1/rca1/hcr1-out-F) located upstream of the 5′ flanking region of genomic DNA and the other primer (gh1-1-in-R2, alp1/rca1/hcr1-in-R) located in the 3′ flanking region of genomic DNA. The expected lengths of disrupted transformants of neo, alp1, rca-1 and hcr-1 were 0.8, 1.6, 5.0 and 0.7 kb, respectively, while those of the host strain (rightmost lane) was 1.9, 1.0, 0.6 and 1.0 kb, respectively. Heterokaryotic transformants showed two PCR bands (both of wild-type and knockout). Symbol star indicated deletion mutant. HDR, homology-directed repair.
Electronic Supplementary Information from Effects of neonicotinoid insecticide exposure and monofloral diet on nest-founding bumblebee queens
Creators: name: Leza, Mar
name: Watrous, Kristal M.
name: Bratu, Jade
name: S. Hollis Woodard
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 60801 Animal Behaviour
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: This file contains additional background information for Leza et al. 2018.
Hydrodynamic Simulation of the Cosmological X-ray Background
Creators: name: Croft, Rupert A. C.
name: Di Matteo, Tiziana
name: Dav'e, Romeel
name: Hernquist, Lars
name: Katz, Neal
name: Fardal, Mark A.
name: Weinberg, David H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: (Abridged) We use a hydrodynamic simulation of a LambdaCDM model to predict the extragalactic X-ray background (XRB), focussing on emission from the intergalactic medium (IGM). We also include X-rays from point sources associated with galaxies in the simulation, and make maps of the angular distribution of the emission. We find that filaments in the maps are not evident, being diluted by projection. In the soft (0.5-2 keV) band, the mean intensity of radiation from intergalactic and cluster gas is 2.3*10^-12 ergdeg^-2cm^-2s^-1, 35% of the total soft band emission. This is compatible at the ~1 sigma level with estimates of the unresolved soft background from ROSAT and {\it Chandra}. Only 4% of the hard (2-10 keV) emission is associated with the IGM. Relative to AGN flux, the IGM component peaks at a lower redshift (median z~0.45) so its clustering makes an important contribution to that of the total XRB. The angular correlations on 0.1-10 arcmin scales are significant, with an amplitude roughly consistent with an extrapolation of recent ROSAT results to small scales. A cross-correlation of the XRB against nearby galaxies taken from a simulated redshift survey also yields a strong signal from the IGM. Although some recent papers have argued that the expected soft band intensity from gas in galaxy, group, and cluster halos would exceed XRB limits unless much of the gas is expelled by supernova feedback, we obtain reasonable compatibility with current observations in a simulation that incorporates cooling, star formation, and only modest feedback. A prediction of our model is that the unresolved portion of the soft XRB will remain mostly unresolved.
description: Improved referencing of related papers. Submitted to ApJ, 19 pages, 17 postscript figures, most reduced in resolution, emulateapj.sty, for full resolution version, see http://cfa-www.harvard.edu/~rcroft/xray.ps.gz
Pion Condensation by Rotation in a Magnetic field
Creators: name: Liu, Yizhuang
name: Zahed, Ismail
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that the combined effects of a rotation plus a magnetic field can cause charged pion condensation. We suggest that this phenomenon may yield to observable effects in current heavy ion collisions at collider energies, where large magnetism and rotations are expected in off-central collisions.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1710.02895
Iron-Based Heavy Quasiparticles in SrFe$_{4}$Sb$_{12}$: An Infrared Spectroscopic Study
Creators: name: Kimura, Shin-ichi
name: Mizuno, Takafumi
name: Im, Hojun
name: Hayashi, Katsuyuki
name: Matsuoka, Eiichi
name: Takabatake, Toshiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Temperature-dependent infrared reflectivity spectra of SrFe$_{4}$Sb$_{12}$ has been measured. A renormalized Drude peak with a heavy effective mass and a pronounced pseudogap of 10 meV develops in the optical conductivity spectra at low temperatures. As the temperature decreases below 100 K, the effective mass ($m^{*}$) rapidly increases, and the scattering rate ($1/τ$) is quenched. The temperature dependence of $m^{*}$ and $1/τ$ indicates that the hybridization between the Fe 3d spins and the charge carriers plays an important role in determining the physical properties of SrFe$_{4}$Sb$_{12}$ at low temperatures. This result is the clear evidence of the iron-based heavy quasiparticles.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures
title: Les processus d'urbanisation à l'âge du Fer (Collection "Bibracte", 4, notice)
Creators: name: Guichard, Vincent
name: Sievers, Suzanne
name: Urban, Otto H.
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2023

description: Résumé et sommaire. L'intégralité de la publication sera bientôt accessible sur OpenEdition.
Electronic Supplementary Material from The most effective pollinator principle applies to new invasive pollinators
Creators: name: Medel, Rodrigo
name: González-Browne, Catalina
name: Salazar, Daniela
name: Ferrer, Pedro
name: Ehrenfeld, Mildred
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Plant Biology

description: G.L. Stebbins’ most effective pollinator principle states that when pollinators are not limiting, plants are expected to specialize and adapt to the more abundant and effective pollinator species available. In this study, we quantify the effectiveness of bees, hummingbirds and hawkmoths in a Chilean population of Erythranthe lutea (Phrymaceae), and examine whether flower traits are subject to pollinator-mediated selection by the most effective pollinator species during two consecutive years. Unlike most species in the pollinator community, the visitation rate of the recently arrived Bombus terrestris did not change substantially between years, which together with its high and stable pollen delivery to flower stigmas made this species the most important in the pollinator assemblage followed by the solitary bee Centris nigerrima. Flower traits were under significant selection in the direction expected for short-tongue bees, suggesting that E. lutea is in the initial steps of adaptation to the highly effective exotic bumblebee. Our results illustrate the applicability of Stebbins' principle for new invasive pollinators, and stress their importance in driving flower adaptation of native plant species, a critical issue in the face of biotic exchange and homogenization.
A WZW model based on a non-semi-simple group
Creators: name: Nappi, C. R.
name: Witten, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1993
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a conformal field theory which desribes a homogeneous four dimensional Lorentz-signature space-time. The model is an ungauged WZW model based on a central extension of the Poincaré algebra. The central charge of this theory is exactly four, just like four dimensional Minkowski space. The model can be interpreted as a four dimensional monochromatic plane wave. As there are three commuting isometries, other interesting geometries are expected to emerge via $O(3,3)$ duality.
description: 8 pages, phyzzx, IASSNS-HEP-93/61 Texable version
MOESM11 of Upgrading of efficient and scalable CRISPR–Cas-mediated technology for genetic engineering in thermophilic fungus Myceliophthora thermophila
Creators: name: Liu, Qian
name: Zhang, Yongli
name: Li, Fangya
name: Li, Jingen
name: Sun, Wenliang
name: Tian, Chaoguang
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Ecology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 11: Figure S10. Third round of target genomic editing by CRISPR–Cas9 system. (A) Schematic of homologous recombination (HR) of bar, ap-3 and prk-6 mediated by Cas12a, array2 and donor DNA. (B) PCR analysis of triple-gene deletion of bar, ap-3 and prk-6 in selected 22 transformants using one primer (alp1-out-F2, ap3/prk6-out-F) located upstream of the 5′ flanking region of genomic DNA and the other primer (alp1-in-R2, gh1-1/res1-in-R) located in the 3′ flanking region of genomic DNA. The expected lengths of disrupted transformants of bar, ap3 and prk6 were 0.8, 2.0 and 0.8 kb, respectively, while those of the host strain (rightmost lane) was 2.0, 1.2 and 1.2 kb, respectively. Heterokaryotic transformants showed two PCR bands (both of wild-type and knockout). The symbol of star indicated deletion mutant. HDR, homology-directed repair.