cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Gravity- and temperature-driven phase transitions in a model for collapsed axionic condensates
Creators: name: Shukla, Sanjay
name: Verma, Akhilesh Kumar
name: Brachet, Marc E.
name: Pandit, Rahul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show how to use the cubic-quintic Gross-Pitaevskii-Poisson equation (cq-GPPE) and the cubic-quintic Stochastic Ginzburg-Landau-Poisson equation (cq-SGLPE) to investigate the gravitational collapse of a tenuous axionic gas into a collapsed axionic condensate for both zero and finite temperature $T$. At $T=0$, we use a Gaussian Ansatz for a spherically symmetric density to obtain parameter regimes in which we might expect to find compact axionic condensates. We then go beyond this Ansatz, by using the cq-SGLPE to investigate the dependence of the axionic condensate on the gravitational strength $G$ at $T = 0$. We demonstrate that, as $G$ increases, the equilibrium configuration goes from a tenuous axionic gas, to flat sheets or $\textit{Zeldovich pancakes}$, cylindrical structures, and finally a spherical axionic condensate. By varying $G$, we show that there are first-order phase transitions, as the system goes from one of these structures to the next one; we find hysteresis loops that are associated with these transitions. We examine these states and the transitions between these states via the Fourier truncated cq-GPPE; and we also obtain the thermalized $T > 0$ states from the cq-SGLPE; the transitions between these states yield thermally driven first-order phase transitions and their associated hysteresis loops. Finally, we discuss how our cq-GPPE approach can be used to follow the spatiotemporal evolution of a rotating axionic condensate and also a rotating binary-axionic-condensate system; in particular, we demonstrate, in the former, the emergence of vortices at large angular speeds $Ω$ and, in the latter, the rich dynamics of the mergers of the components of this binary system, which can yield vortices in the process of merging.
description: 13 pages, 8 figures
Fifth forces and discrete symmetry breaking
Creators: name: Millington, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Modifications of general relativity often involve coupling additional scalar fields to the Ricci scalar, leading to scalar-tensor theories of Brans-Dicke type. If the additional scalar fields are light, they can give rise to long-range fifth forces, which are subject to stringent constraints from local tests of gravity. In this talk, we show that Yukawa-like fifth forces only arise for the Standard Model (SM) due to a mass mixing of the additional scalar with the Higgs field, and we emphasise the pivotal role played by discrete and continuous symmetry breaking. Quite remarkably, if one assumes that sufficiently light, non-minimally coupled scalar fields exist in nature, the non-observation of fifth forces has the potential to tell us about the structure of the SM Higgs sector and the origin of its symmetry breaking. Moreover, with these observations, we argue that certain classes of scalar-tensor theories are, up to and including their dimension-four operators, equivalent to Higgs-portal theories. In this way, ultra-light dark matter models may also exhibit fifth-force phenomenology, and we consider the impact on the dynamics of disk galaxies as an example.
description: 7 pages, JPCS format. Prepared for the proceedings of DISCRETE2018: the Sixth Symposium on Prospects in the Physics of Discrete Symmetries, 26 - 30 November 2018, Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, to appear in the Journal of Physics: Conference Series
The Effect of Primordial Non--Gaussianity on the Topology of Large-Scale Structure
Creators: name: Hikage, Chiaki
name: Coles, Peter
name: Grossi, Margherita
name: Moscardini, Lauro
name: Dolag, Klaus
name: Branchini, Enzo
name: Matarrese, Sabino
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the effect of primordial non-Gaussianity on the development of large-scale cosmic structure using high-resolution N-body simulations. In particular, we focus on the topological properties of the "cosmic web", quantitatively characterized by the Minkowski Functionals, for models with quadratic non-linearities with different values of the usual non-Gaussianity parameter fNL. In the weakly non-linear regime, we find that analytic formulae derived from perturbation theory agree with the numerical results within a few percent of the amplitude of each MF when |fNL|<1000. In the non-linear regime, the detailed behavior of the MFs as functions of threshold density deviates more strongly from the analytical curves, while the overall amplitude of the primordial non-Gaussian effect remains comparable to the perturbative prediction. When smaller-scale information is included, the influence of primordial non-Gaussianity becomes increasingly significant statistically due to decreasing sample variance. We find that the effect of the primordial non-Gaussianity with |fNL|=50 is comparable to the sample variance of mass density fields with a volume of 0.125(Gpc/h)^3 when they are smoothed by Gaussian filter at a scale of 5Mpc/h. The detectability of this effect in actual galaxy surveys will strongly depend upon residual uncertainties in cosmological parameters and galaxy biasing.
description: 9 pages, 3 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
A three-site gauge model for flavor hierarchies and flavor anomalies
Creators: name: Bordone, Marzia
name: Cornella, Claudia
name: Fuentes-Martin, Javier
name: Isidori, Gino
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a three-site Pati-Salam gauge model able to explain the Standard Model flavor hierarchies while, at the same time, accommodating the recent experimental hints of lepton-flavor non-universality in $B$ decays. The model is consistent with low- and high-energy bounds, and predicts a rich spectrum of new states at TeV scale that could be probed in the near future by the high-$p_T$ experiments at the LHC.
description: 8 pages, 2 figures. v2: Added section II.B, matching the PLB version
Electron beam induced compatibilization of PLA/ PBAT blends in presence of epoxidized soybean oil
Creators: name: Marbach, Lena
name: :Unav
Publisher: name: Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft
Year: 2024
Subjects: polyester
Biobased
electron beam treatment
compatilization
soybean oil
rheology

description: Employees 608 Strategy UMSICHT.2025-Fraunhofer UMSICHT develops climate-neutral energy systems, resource-efficient processes and circular products.
Update on gravitational wave signals from post-inflationary phase transitions
Creators: name: Kolesova, H.
name: Laine, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In view of recent interest in high-frequency detectors, broad features of gravitational wave signals from phase transitions taking place soon after inflation are summarized. The influence of the matter domination era that follows the slow-roll stage is quantified in terms of two equilibration rates. Turning to the highest-frequency part of the spectrum, we show how it is constrained by the fact that the bubble distance scale must exceed the mean free path.
description: 12 pages. v2: minor fixes and clarifications
Thermal conditions of a press hardening process to obtain tailored properties
Creators: name: Haase, Rico
name: Nestler, Matthias
name: Schönherr, Julia
name: Kräusel, Verena
name: :Unav
Publisher: name: Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft
Year: 2022
Subjects: press hardening
tailored properties in press hardening

description: By press hardening of boron-manganese-alloyed steels, extraordinary strength can be achieved. Accordingly, the process is applied for different crash relevant components in the car body structure. Aiming for an outstanding energy dissipation, sections with lower ultimate strength to the benefit of an increased elongation are required. This can be achieved by a tailored tempering process, where the uniform heating and segmented cooling figured out to be the most appropriate process route on an industrial scale. Due to the non-uniform distribution of temperature during the quenching phase and the uneven level of thermal strains in the final cooling subsequent to the forming itself, a higher level of distortion was observed. Thus, a detailed understanding of the thermal effects and flux during the whole process chain is a key condition in order to achieve stable mechanical as well as geometrical properties. Within the recent research project gratefully supported by FOSTA, this detailed analysis of the thermal evolution of the different part sections of a tailor-tempered part were elaborated. By the repetitive crosscheck between process-integrated measurement and FEA prediction, the microstructural evolution and geometric accuracy were investigated. The relation between elastic spring back, thermal shrinkage and their interaction towards parts stress state and geometric deflection was examined. By the more detailed understanding of the underlying mechanisms, the route is opened for well-aimed compensation strategies. While the portion of press-hardened and in particular tailor-tempered components is established and stable in the car body structure, the ongoing development towards large-sized BIW-components such as the door ring concept come into the competition. This amplifies the relevance of the component accuracy and thus of the presented topic.
title: X-RAYING THE INTERGALACTIC O VI ABSORBERS
Creators: name: Yao, Y
name: Tripp, TM
name: Wang, QD
name: Danforth, CW
name: Canizares, CR
name: Shull, JM
name: Marshall, HL
name: Song, L
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: cosmology: observations
subject: intergalactic medium
subject: quasars: absorption lines
subject: X-rays: general
subject: Astrophysics and Astronomy

description: This is the pre-published version harvested from ArXiv. The published version is located at http://iopscience.iop.org/0004-637X/697/2/1784/
description: The observed intergalactic O VI absorbers at z>0 have been regarded as a significant reservoir of the "missing baryons." However, to fully understand how these absorbers contribute to the baryon inventory, it is crucial to determine whether the systems are collisionally ionized or photoionized (or both). Using the identified intergalactic O VI absorbers as tracers, we search for the corresponding X-ray absorption lines, which are useful for finding the missing baryons and for revealing the nature of the O VI absorbers. Stacking the Chandra grating spectra along six AGN sight lines, we obtain three spectra with signal-to-noise ratios of 32, 28, and 10 per 12.5 mÅ spectral bin around the expected O VII Kα wavelength. These spectra correspond to O VI absorbers with various dynamic properties. We find no detectable Ne IX, O VII, O VIII, N VII, or C VI absorption lines in the spectra, but the high counting statistics allows us to obtain firm upper limits on the corresponding ionic column densities (in particular on average at the 95% confidence level). Jointly analyzing these nondetected X-ray lines with the averaged O VI column density, we further limit the average temperature of the O VI-bearing gas to be T 105.7 K in collisional ionization equilibrium. We discuss the implications of these results for physical properties of the putative warm-hot intergalactic medium and its detection in future X-ray observations.
Optical spectroscopic observations of gamma-ray blazar candidates VIII: the 2016-2017 follow up campaign carried out at SPM, NOT, KPNO and SOAR telescopes
Creators: name: Marchesini
name: J., E.
name: Peña-Herazo
name: A., H.
name: Crespo, Álvarez
name: N.
name: Ricci
name: F.
name: Negro, M.
name: Milisavljevic
name: D.
name: Massaro
name: F.
name: Masetti
name: N.
name: Landoni
name: M.
name: Chavushyan
name: V.
name: D'Abrusco
name: R.
name: Jiménez-Bailón
name: E.
name: Franca, La
name: F.
name: Paggi
name: A.
name: Smith
name: A., H.
name: Tosti
name: G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The third Fermi source catalog lists 3033 gamma-ray sources above $4σ$ significance. More than 30% are classified as either unidentified/unassociated Gamma-ray sources (UGSs), with about 20% classified as Blazar candidates of uncertain types (BCUs). To confirm the blazar-like nature of candidate counterparts of UGSs and BCUs, we started in 2012 an optical spectroscopic follow up campaign. We report here the spectra of 36 targets with observations from the Observatorio Astronómico Nacional San Pedro Mártir, the Southern Astrophysical Research Observatory, the Kitt Peak National Observatory and the Northern Optical Telescope, between 2016 and 2017. We confirm the BL Lac nature of 23 sources, and the flat spectrum radio quasar nature of other 7 ones. We also provide redshift estimates for 19 out of these 30 confirmations, with only one being a lower limit due to spectral features ascribable to intervening systems along the line of sight. As in previous analyses, the largest fraction of now-classified BCUs belong to the class of BL Lac objects, that appear to be the most elusive class of active galactic nuclei. One of the BL Lacs identified in this work, associated with 3FGL J2213.6-4755, lies at a redshift of $z>$1.529, making it one of the few distant gamma-ray BL Lac objects.
description: 29 pages, 2 tables, 36 figures, pre-proof version, published on 2019 Ap&SS, 364, 5
Características de un régimen legal apropiado para la prestación del servicio público de acueducto por parte de comunidades organizadas en Colombia
Creators: name: Florian Ospina, Ivan Felipe
Publisher: name: Universidad Externado de Colombia
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Sevicios públicos
subject: Administración sanitaria
subject: Derecho ambiental
subject: Acueductos comunitarios
subject: Servicios público domiciliario de acueducto
subject: Régimen legal
subject: Agua potable

description: La constitución de la república de Colombia de 1991 y la Ley 142 de 1994, permiten a las comunidades organizadas prestar el servicio público de acueducto, sin embargo, el régimen legal aplicable a dichas comunidades es inapropiado, por cuanto les exige los requisitos propios de una empresa de servicios públicos, desconoce sus valores socioculturales, y su capacidad de autogestión. En este sentido, el presente trabajo analiza la inconveniencia del régimen legal vigente para las comunidades organizadas, y propone unas características generales y específicas para un régimen legal más conveniente a las realidades de los territorios rurales. A partir del análisis de caso de los acueductos comunitarios de Bogotá, pudimos evidenciar que el cumplimiento de los requisitos legales vigentes, no impactan directamente en la prestación del servicio, y, por el contrario, crean una camisa de fuerza para las comunidades organizadas, quienes deben enfocar sus esfuerzos en cumplir unos requisitos que son ajenos a sus particularidades.
description: The Constitution of Colombia and the Law 142 of 1994, allow organized communities to provide the public aqueduct service, however, the legal regime applicable to said communities is inappropriate, because it compels them to fulfil water companies related requirements, unaware of their sociocultul values and their self-managamente abilities.In this regard, the present work analyses the inconvenience of the curent legal regime for organized communities, and proposes some general and specific features for a more suitable legal regime considering the reality or rural territories. Based on the case analysis of the community aqueducts in Bogotá, we were able to show that compliance with current legal requirements doesn´t have a positive impact on the provision of the service, and, on the contrary, creates a straitjacket for organized communities, who they must focus their efforts on meeting requirements that are inadequate to their particularities.
A Technique for Reducing Normal-Form Games to Compute a Nash Equilibrium
Creators: name: Conitzer, Vincent
name: Sandholm, Tuomas W
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: 89999 Information and Computing Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We present a technique for reducing a normal-form (aka. (bi)matrix) game, O, to a smaller normal-form game, R, for the purpose of computing a Nash equilibrium. This is done by computing a Nash equilibrium for a subcomponent, G, of O for which a certain condition holds. We also show that
such a subcomponent G on which to apply the technique can be found in polynomial time (if it exists), by showing that the condition that G needs to satisfy can be modeled as a Horn satis¯ability problem. We show that the technique does not extend to computing Pareto-optimal or welfare maximizing equilibria. We present a class of games, which we call ALAGIU (Any Lower Action Gives Identical Utility) games, for which recursive application of (special cases of) the technique is su±cient for ¯nding a Nash equilibrium in linear time. Finally, we discuss using the technique to compute approximate Nash equilibria.
Optical Spectroscopic Observations of Gamma-Ray Blazar Candidates. VII. Follow-up Campaign in the Southern Hemisphere
Creators: name: Peña-Herazo
name: A., H.
name: Marchesini
name: J., E.
name: Crespo, Álvarez
name: N.
name: Ricci
name: F.
name: Massaro
name: F.
name: Chavushyan
name: V.
name: Landoni
name: M.
name: Strader
name: J.
name: Chomiuk
name: L.
name: Cheung
name: C., C.
name: Masetti
name: N.
name: Jiménez-Bailón
name: E.
name: D'Abrusco
name: R.
name: Paggi
name: A.
name: Milisavljevic
name: D.
name: Franca, La
name: F.
name: Smith
name: A., H.
name: Tosti
name: G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Searching for low energy counterparts of gamma-ray sources is one of the major challenges in modern gamma-ray astronomy. In the third Fermi source catalog about 30 % of detected sources are unidentified/unassociated Gamma-ray Sources (UGSs). We recently started an optical spectroscopic follow up campaign to confirm the blazar-like nature of candidates counterparts of UGSs. Here we report the spectra of 61 targets collected with the Southern Astrophysical Research Telescope (SOAR) between 2014 and the 2017. Our sample includes 33 potential counterparts of UGSs, selected on the basis of WISE colors, and 27 blazar candidates of uncertain type associated with gamma-ray sources of the last release of the Fermi catalog. We confirm the BZB nature of 20 sources lying within the positional uncertainty region of the UGSs. All the observed BCUs show blazar-like spectra, classified as 2 BZQs and 25 BZBs, for which we obtained 6 redshift estimates. Within the BCUs observations we report the redshift estimate for the BZB associated with, 3FGL J1106.4-3643 that is the second most distant BL Lac known to date, at z>1.084.
description: 38 pages, 1 table, 61 figures, pre-proof version, published on 2017 Ap&SS, 362, 228
Very strict selectional restrictions
Creators: name: Laporte, Eric
name: Leclère, Christian
name: Dias, Maria Carmelita P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We discuss the characteristics and behaviour of two parallel classes of verbs in two Romance languages, French and Portuguese. Examples of these verbs are Port. abater [gado] and Fr. abattre [bétail], both meaning "slaughter [cattle]". In both languages, the definition of the class of verbs includes several features: - They have only one essential complement, which is a direct object. - The nominal distribution of the complement is very limited, i.e., few nouns can be selected as head nouns of the complement. However, this selection is not restricted to a single noun, as would be the case for verbal idioms such as Fr. monter la garde "mount guard". - We excluded from the class constructions which are reductions of more complex constructions, e.g. Port. afinar [instrumento] com "tune [instrument] with".
Fast Generation of GHZ-like States Using Collective-Spin XYZ Model
Creators: name: Zhang, Xuanchen
name: Hu, Zhiyao
name: Liu, Yong-Chun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger (GHZ) state is a key resource for quantum information processing and quantum metrology. The atomic GHZ state can be generated by one-axis twisting (OAT) interaction $H_{\mathrm{OAT}}=χJ_{z}^{2}$ with $χ$ the interaction strength, but it requires a long evolution time $χt=π/2$ and is thus seriously influenced by decoherence and losses. Here we propose a three-body collective-spin XYZ model which creates a GHZ-like state in a very short timescale $χt\sim \ln {N}/N$ for $N$ particles. We show that this model can be effectively produced by applying Floquet driving to an original OAT Hamiltonian. Compared with the ideal GHZ state, the GHZ-like state generated using our model can maintain similar metrological properties reaching the Heisenberg-limited scaling, and it shows better robustness to decoherence and particle losses. This work opens the avenue for generating GHZ-like states with a large particle number, which holds great potential for the study of macroscopic quantum effects and for applications in quantum metrology and quantum information.
Impact of gaps in the asteroseismic characterization of pulsating stars. I. On the efficiency of pre-whitening
Creators: name: Pascual-Granado, J.
name: Suárez, J. C.
name: Garrido, R.
name: Moya, A.
name: Hernández, A. García
name: Rodón, J. R.
name: Lares-Martiz, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is known that the observed distribution of frequencies in CoRoT and Kepler δ Scuti stars has no parallelism with any theoretical model. Pre-whitening is a widespread technique in the analysis of time series with gaps from pulsating stars located in the classical instability strip such as δ Scuti stars. However, some studies have pointed out that this technique might introduce biases in the results of the frequency analysis. This work aims at studying the biases that can result from pre-whitening in asteroseismology. The results will depend on the intrinsic range and distribution of frequencies of the stars. The periodic nature of the gaps in CoRoT observations, just in the range of the pulsational frequency content of the δ Scuti stars, is shown to be crucial to determine their oscillation frequencies, the first step to perform asteroseismolgy of these objects. Hence, here we focus on the impact of pre-whitening on the asteroseismic characterization of δ Scuti stars. We select a sample of 15 δ Scuti stars observed by the CoRoT satellite, for which ultra-high quality photometric data have been obtained by its seismic channel. In order to study the impact on the asteroseismic characterization of δ Scuti stars we perform the pre-whitening procedure on three datasets: gapped data, linearly interpolated data, and ARMA interpolated data. The different results obtained show that at least in some cases pre-whitening is not an efficient procedure for the deconvolution of the spectral window. therefore, in order to reduce the effect of the spectral window to the minimum it is necessary to interpolate with an algorithm that is aimed to preserve the original frequency content, and not only to perform a pre-whitening of the data.
description: 27 pages, 47 figures Tables and typos fixed
A System of Video Information Capture, Indexing and Retrieval for Interpreting Human Activity
Creators: name: Wactlar, Howard
name: Christel, Michael G
name: Hauptmann, Alexander
name: Stevens, Scott
name: Bharucha, Ashok
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 1985
Subjects: subject: 89999 Information and Computing Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This system creates a manageable information resource that enables more complete and accurate interpretation, assessment and diagnosis of human behavior in constrained physical spaces. Through activity and environmental monitoring, a continuous, voluminous audio and video record is captured. Through work in information extraction, behavior analysis and synthesis, this record is transformed into an information asset whose efficient, secure presentation empowers specialists with greater insights into problems, effectiveness of treatments, and determination of environmental and social influences. Application environments range from nursery schools to nursing homes. The foundation for this work, the informedia digital video library (H.D. Wactlar et al., 1999), has demonstrated the successful integration of speech, image, and natural language processing in automatically creating an indexed, searchable multimedia information resource for broadcast-quality video, upon which this system builds.
title: Consumer Factsheet: Designing home environments for people who experience problems with cognition and who display aggressive or self- injurious behaviour. Ed. 2
Creators: name: Vasilakopoulou, Konstantina
name: Bridge, Catherine
Publisher: name: Home Modification Information Clearinghouse
Year: 2019

description: This Consumer Factsheet gives information about elements and systems that can be used to make a home safer and more comfortable for people with cognitive impairments, presenting self-injurious or aggressive behaviour and their family members or carers.
description: Consumer Factsheet: Designing home environments for people with problems with cognition who display aggressive or self-injurious behaviour, Ed. 2 Strategies that reduce potential triggers Strategies to reduce the risk of property damage Strategies to reduce the risk of harm for people Where can I find more information?
Future Lens: Anticipating Subsequent Tokens from a Single Hidden State
Creators: name: Pal, Koyena
name: Sun, Jiuding
name: Yuan, Andrew
name: Wallace, Byron C.
name: Bau, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We conjecture that hidden state vectors corresponding to individual input tokens encode information sufficient to accurately predict several tokens ahead. More concretely, in this paper we ask: Given a hidden (internal) representation of a single token at position $t$ in an input, can we reliably anticipate the tokens that will appear at positions $\geq t + 2$? To test this, we measure linear approximation and causal intervention methods in GPT-J-6B to evaluate the degree to which individual hidden states in the network contain signal rich enough to predict future hidden states and, ultimately, token outputs. We find that, at some layers, we can approximate a model's output with more than 48% accuracy with respect to its prediction of subsequent tokens through a single hidden state. Finally we present a "Future Lens" visualization that uses these methods to create a new view of transformer states.
description: Accepted at CoNLL 2023
Scattering description of edge states in Aharonov-Bohm triangle chains
Creators: name: Liu, Zhi-Hai
name: Entin-Wohlman, O.
name: Aharony, A.
name: You, J. Q.
name: Xu, H. Q.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Scattering theory has been suggested as a convenient method to identify topological phases of matter, in particular of disordered systems for which the Bloch band-theory approach is inapplicable. Here we examine this idea, employing as a benchmark a one-dimensional triangle chain whose versatility yields a scattering matrix that ``flows" in parameter space among several members of the topology classification scheme. Our results show that the reflection amplitudes (from both ends of a sufficiently long chain) do indicate the appearance of edge states in {\it all} (topological and non-topological) cases. For the topological cases, the transmission has a peak at the topological phase transition, which happens at the Fermi energy. A peak still exists as one moves into the non-topological `trivial' regions, in which another transmission peak may occur at nonzero energy, at which a relevant edge state appears in the isolated chain. For finite chains, the peak in the transmission strongly depends on their coupling of the leads, and {\it not} on the phase transition of the isolated chain. In any case, {\it the appearance of a peak in the transmission is not sufficient to conclude that the system undergoes a topological phase transition.}
Additional file 2 of Omics analysis coupled with gene editing revealed potential transporters and regulators related to levoglucosan metabolism efficiency of the engineered Escherichia coli
Creators: name: Chang, Dongdong
name: Wang, Cong
name: Ul Islam, Zia
name: Yu, Zhisheng
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics

description: Additional file 2: Text S1. Detailed analysis of the distribution and enrichment of the DEPs based on GO and KEGG analysis, respectively. Text S2. Proteins involved in carbohydrate metabolism and energy production were significantly differentially expressed. Table S1. Parameters of hydrogen bond length and angle between levoglucosan and XylF. Table S2. Primers used in the qPCR experiments. Figure S1. The distribution and enrichment of DEPs based on Gene Ontology (GO). Figure S2. Enrichment of KEGG pathway for the DEPs at early-log phase (A) and mid-log phase (B). Figure S3. The protein–protein interactions and involved biological processes of the DEPs related to carbonhydrate metabolism and energy production and conversion. Figure S4. Plates screening and PCR verification of the gene knockout strains. Figure S5. Map of plasmid pCasPA. Figure S6. Map of plasmid pACRISPR.
Reply to Comment on "Particle Path Through a Nested Mach-Zehnder Interferometer"
Creators: name: Griffiths, Robert B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: While much of the technical analysis in the preceding Comment [1] is correct, in the end it confirms the conclusion reached in my previous work [2]: a consistent histories analysis provides no support for the claim of counterfactual quantum communication put forward in [3]
description: 2 pages. v2: Abstract and journal reference for the published Comment to which this is a Reply have been added
CyberLänd. Potenziale des Metaverse für Unternehmen in Baden-Württemberg
Creators: name: Hölzle, Katharina
name: Neuhüttler, Jens
name: Wenzel, Günter
name: Gladilov, Nicole Caroline
name: Rasztar, Leon Alexander
name: Rose, Robert
name: Bauernhansl, Thomas
name: Falkenau, Franz
name: Schrader, Peter
name: Schöllhammer, Oliver
name: Ament, Julian
name: Runde, Christoph
name: Alexiadis, Ioannis
name: :Unav
Publisher: name: Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft
Year: 2022
Subjects: Metaverse
XR
KI
Immersion
Blockchain
IoT
Digital Twin

description: Das Thema Metaverse hat in den letzten Jahren große Aufmerksamkeit erregt. Als nächste Entwicklungsstufe des Internets im dreidimensionalen Raum sollen physische und virtuelle Welten in bisher nicht gekannter Weise miteinander verschmelzen. Das Fraunhofer-Institut für Arbeitswirtschaft und Organisation IAO, das Fraunhofer-Institut für Produktionstechnik und Automatisierung IPA und das Virtual Dimension Center (VDC) haben aufgrund der zu erwartenden Potentiale des Metaverse das Projekt »CyberLänd« initiiert. Gefördert wird es vom Ministerium für Wirtschaft, Arbeit und Tourismus Baden-Württemberg. Ziel des Projektes ist es, den Akteuren aus Wirtschaft, Politik und Gesellschaft am Standort Baden-Württemberg die Potenziale des Metaverse verständlich zu machen und entsprechende Handlungsempfehlungen abzuleiten. Diese Ergebnisse sind in der Studie „CyberLänd“ aufbereitet und für die Zielgruppe der Unternehmen in Baden-Württemberg beschrieben.
Native point defects in HgCdTe infrared detector material: Identifying deep centers from first principles
Creators: name: Chen, Wei
name: Rignanese, Gian-Marco
name: Liu, Jifeng
name: Hautier, Geoffroy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the native point defects in the long-wavelength infrared (LWIR) detector material Hg$_{0.75}$Cd$_{0.25}$Te using a dielectric-dependent hybrid density functional combined with spin-orbit coupling. Characterizing these point defects is essential as they are responsible for intrinsic doping and nonradiative recombination centers in the detector material. The dielectric-dependent hybrid functional allows for an accurate description of the band gap ($E_g$) for Hg$_{1-x}$Cd$_{x}$Te (MCT) over the entire compositional range, a level of accuracy challenging with standard hybrid functionals. Our comprehensive examination of the native point defects confirms that cation vacancies $V_\text{Hg(Cd)}$ are the primary sources of $p$-type conductivity in the LWIR material given their low defect formation energies and the presence of a shallow acceptor level ($-$/0) near the valence-band maximum (VBM). In addition to the shallow acceptor level, the cation vacancies exhibit a deep charge transition level (2$-$/$-$) situated near the midgap, characteristic of nonradiative recombination centers. Our results indicate that Hg interstitial could also be a deep center in the LWIR MCT through a metastable configuration under the Hg-rich growth conditions. While an isolated Te antisite does not show deep levels, the formation of $V_\text{Hg}$-Te$_\text{Hg}$ defect complex introduces a deep acceptor level within the band gap.
description: 12 pages, 7 figures
Controlling the rheo-electric properties of graphite/carbon black suspensions by 'flow-switching'
Creators: name: Larsen, Thomas
name: Royer, John R.
name: Laidlaw, Fraser H. J.
name: Poon, Wilson C. K.
name: Larsen, Tom
name: Andreasen, Søren J.
name: Christiansen, Jesper de C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The ability to manipulate rheological and electrical properties of colloidal carbon black gels makes them attractive in composites for energy applications such as batteries and fuel cells, where they conduct electricity and prevent sedimentation of `granular' active components. While it is commonly assumed that granular fillers have a simple additive effect on the composite properties, new phenomena can emerge unexpectedly, with some composites exhibiting a unique rheological bi-stability between solid-like and liquid-like states. Here we report such bi-stability in suspensions of non-Brownian graphite and colloidal carbon black in oil, a model system to mimic composite suspensions for energy applications. Steady shear below a critical stress elicits a transition to a persistent mechanically weak and poorly conducting state, which must be `rejuvenated' using high-stress shear to recover a stronger, high-conductivity state. Our findings highlight the highly tunable nature of binary granular/gel composite suspensions, and present new possibilities for optimizing mixing and processing conditions for Li-ion battery slurries.
A Syntactic Account of Singleton Types via Hereditary Substitution
Creators: name: Crary, Karl
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 1987
Subjects: subject: 89999 Information and Computing Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We give a syntactic proof of decidability and consistency of equivalence for the singleton type calculus, which lies at the foundation of modern module systems such as that of ML. Unlike existing proofs, which work by constructing a model, our syntactic proof makes few demands on the underlying proof theory and mathematical foundation. Consequently, it can be | and has been | entirely formulated in the Twelf meta-logic, and provides an important piece of a Twelf-formalized type-safety proof for Standard ML. The proof works by translation of the singleton type calculus into a canonical presentation, adapted from work on logical frameworks, in which equivalent terms are written identically. Canonical forms are not preserved under standard substitution, so we employ an alternative definition of substitution called hereditary substitution, which contracts redices that arise during substitution.
Relation between winds and jets in radio-loud AGN
Creators: name: Mehdipour, Missagh
name: Costantini, Elisa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the relation between the two modes of outflow (wind and jet) in radio-loud active galactic nuclei (AGN). For this study we have carried out a systematic and homogeneous analysis of XMM-Newton spectra of a sample of 16 suitable radio-loud Seyfert-1 AGN. The ionised winds in these AGN are parameterised through high-resolution X-ray spectroscopy and photoionisation modelling. We discover a significant inverse correlation between the column density NH of the ionised wind and the radio-loudness parameter R of the jet. We explore different possible explanations for this NH-R relation and find that ionisation, inclination, and luminosity effects are unlikely to be responsible for the observed relation. We argue that the NH-R relation is rather a manifestation of the magnetic driving mechanism of the wind from the accretion disk. Change in the magnetic field configuration from toroidal to poloidal, powering either the wind or the jet mode of the outflow, is the most feasible explanation for the observed decline in the wind NH as the radio jet becomes stronger. Our findings provide evidence for a wind-jet bimodality in radio-loud AGN and shine new light on the link between these two modes of outflow. This has far-reaching consequences for the accretion disk structure and the wind ejection mechanism.
description: Accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysics (A&A), 10 pages, 4 figures
A symmetric modal lambda calculus for distributed computing
Creators: name: Murphy, Tom
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: 89999 Information and Computing Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Abstract: "We present a foundational language for distributed programming, called Lambda 5, that addresses both mobility of code and locality of resources. In order to construct our system, we appeal to the powerful propositions-as-types interpretation of logic. Specifically, we take the possible worlds of the intuitionistic modal logic IS5 to be nodes on a network, and the connectives [square] and [diamond] to reflect mobility and locality, respectively. We formulate a novel system of natural deduction for IS5, decomposing the introduction and elimination rules for [square] and [diamond], thereby allowing the corresponding programs to be more direct. We then give an operational semantics to our calculus that is type-safe, logically faithful, and computationally realistic."
Quantifying Airborne Lidar Bathymetry Quality-Control Measures: A Case Study in Frio River, Texas
Creators: name: Saylam, Kutalmis
name: Hupp, John
name: Andrews, John
name: Averett, Aaron
name: Knudby, Anders
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2018
Subjects: Lidar bathymetry
environmental conditions
quality management
uncertainties

description: Airborne Lidar Bathymetry (ALB) is an advanced and effective technology for mapping water bodies and measuring water depth in relatively shallow inland and coastal zones. The concept of using light beams to detect and traverse water bodies has been around since the 1960s; however, its popularity has increased significantly in recent years with the advent of relatively affordable hardware, supplemented with potent software applications to process and analyze resulting data. To achieve the most accurate final product, which is usually a digital elevation model (DEM) of the bottom of a water body, various quality-control (QC) measures are applied during and after an airborne mission. River surveys, in particular, present various challenges, and quantifying the quality of the end product requires supplemental surveys and careful analysis of all data sets. In this article, we discuss a recent ALB survey of the Frio River in Texas and summarize the findings of all QC measures conducted. We conclude the article with suggestions for successful ALB deployments at similar survey locations.
Star formation, metallicity gradient and ionized gas: clues to the formation of the elliptical galaxies NGC6868 and NGC5903
Creators: name: Rickes, Mauro G.
name: Pastoriza, Miriani G.
name: Bonatto, Charles
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The stellar population, metallicity distribution and ionized gas in the elliptical galaxies NGC 6868 and NGC 5903 are investigated in this paper by means of long-slit spectroscopy and stellar population synthesis. Lick indices in both galaxies present a negative gradient indicating an overabundance of Fe, Mg, Na and TiO in the central parts with respect to the external regions. Concerning the emitting gas conspicuously detected in NGC 6868, we test three hypotheses as ionizing source: an H II region, post-AGB stars and an Active Galactic Nucleus (AGN). Diagnostic diagrams involving the ratios $[NII]_{\lambda6584}/Hα$, $[OI]_{\lambda6300}/Hα$ and $[SII]_{\lambda6717,31}/Hα$, indicate that values measured in the central region of NGC 6868 are typical of LINERs. Together with the stellar population synthesis, this result suggests that the main source of gas ionization in NGC 6868 is non-thermal, produced by a low-luminosity AGN, probably with some contribution of shocks to explain ionization at distances of $\sim3.5$ kpc from the nucleus.
description: 11 pages and 12 figs; accepted by MNRAS
Transition-State Theory Revisited
Creators: name: Weidenmüller, Hans A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Two quantum systems, each described as a random-matrix ensemble. are coupled to each other via a number of transition states. Each system is strongly coupled to a large number of channels. The average transmission probability is the product of three factors describing, respectively, formation of the first system from the entrance channel, decay of the second system through the exit channel, and transport through the transition states. Each of the transition states contributes a Breit-Wigner resonance. In general, the resonances overlap.
Christian Perronne
Creators: name: Leibowitch, Jacques (1942-2020)
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2020

description: 1 fichier (1 page)
description: Autres destinataires : Pierre de Truchis, Virginie Masse, Dominique Masse, François Simon, Jean-Michel Molina, Pierre Sonigo, Pierre-Marie Girard.
Income Inequality and Health in Canada
Creators: name: Liu, Wenxin
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2017

description: Income inequality became an urgent problem for Canada in recent times, since it not only threatens social stability, but also increases the probability of lower health level, which raises the alarm of many economists. This paper examines the association between income inequality, poverty and health in Canada, with the aim to discover the social and economic factors that have an impact on the overall health level of Canadians and make some suggestions to both the government and the population. With the use of data from the Canadian Census and the Canadian Community Health Survey, this paper uses a cross-sectional weighted regression model and a binary logit regression model. Income inequality is proved to significantly negatively affect the health level, and higher level of health and mental health are more likely to be reported by respondents claiming higher income and educational attainment.
Random walks with long-range steps generated by functions of Laplacian matrices
Creators: name: Riascos, A. P.
name: Michelitsch, T. M.
name: Collet, B. A.
name: Nowakowski, A. F.
name: Nicolleau, F. C. G. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we explore different Markovian random walk strategies on networks with transition probabilities between nodes defined in terms of functions of the Laplacian matrix. We generalize random walk strategies with local information in the Laplacian matrix, that describes the connections of a network, to a dynamics determined by functions of this matrix. The resulting processes are non-local allowing transitions of the random walker from one node to nodes beyond its nearest neighbors. We find that only two types of Laplacian functions are admissible with distinct behaviors for long-range steps in the infinite network limit: type (i) functions generate Brownian motions, type (ii) functions Lévy flights. For this asymptotic long-range step behavior only the lowest non-vanishing order of the Laplacian function is relevant, namely first order for type (i), and fractional order for type (ii) functions. In the first part, we discuss spectral properties of the Laplacian matrix and a series of relations that are maintained by a particular type of functions that allow to define random walks on any type of undirected connected networks. Once described general properties, we explore characteristics of random walk strategies that emerge from particular cases with functions defined in terms of exponentials, logarithms and powers of the Laplacian as well as relations of these dynamics with non-local strategies like Lévy flights and fractional transport. Finally, we analyze the global capacity of these random walk strategies to explore networks like lattices and trees and different types of random and complex networks.
description: 33 pages, 5 figures