cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Avaliação Externa de Escolas: Liderança(s) e autoavaliação que relação?
Creators: name: Rocha, Lima
Publisher: name: Instituto Politécnico de Bragança
Year: 2016

description: Em Portugal, nos anos 2006-2011, a Inspeção-Geral da Educação desenvolveu um programa de avaliação de escolas. Nesse período avaliaram-se 1107 escolas. Para cada escola a equipa de avaliação elaborou um relatório. Cada escola foi avaliada tendo por base um modelo que teve em conta cinco domínios (Resultados, Prestação do serviço educativo, Organização e gestão escolar, Liderança e Capacidade de autorregulação e melhoria da escola). Com base na classificação atribuída a cada escola por cada equipa avaliativa nos domínios da Liderança e autoavaliação, fomos verificar se nas 287 escolas avaliadas em 2008-2009, a classificação atribuída nesses domínios apresentava correlação. Desta forma, os dados do nosso estudo, corroborando outras investigações, indiciam que a qualidade da(s) liderança(s) desempenha um papel preponderante nos processos autoavaliativos desenvolvidos na organização escolar. Palavras-chave: Avaliação Externa de Escolas; Liderança(s); autoavaliação.
description: Eduser - Revista de Educação, v. 4 n. 2 (2012): Eduser - Revista de Educação
Approximating Nearest Neighbor Distances
Creators: name: Cohen, Michael B.
name: Fasy, Brittany Therese
name: Miller, Gary L.
name: Nayyeri, Amir
name: Sheehy, Donald R.
name: Ameya  Velingker
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: 89999 Information and Computing Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Several researchers proposed using non-Euclidean metrics on point sets in Euclidean space for clustering noisy data. Almost always, a distance function is desired that recognizes the closeness of the points in the same cluster, even if the Euclidean cluster diameter is large. Therefore, it is preferred to assign smaller costs to the paths that stay close to the input points.
In this paper, we consider the most natural metric with this property, which we call the nearest neighbor metric. Given a point set P and a path γ, our metric charges each point of γ with its distance to P. The total charge along γ determines its nearest neighbor length, which is formally defined as the integral of the distance to the input points along the curve. We describe a (3+ε)-approximation algorithm and a (1+ε)-approximation algorithm to compute the nearest neighbor metric. Both approximation algorithms work in near-linear time. The former uses shortest paths on a sparse graph using only the input points. The latter uses a sparse sample of the ambient space, to find good approximate geodesic paths.
title: Fauna of New Zealand 56: Tyrophagus (Acari: Astigmata: Acaridae)
Creators: name: Fan, Q-H
name: Zhang, Z-Q
Publisher: name: Manaaki Whenua Press
Year: 2007

description: The Fauna of New Zealand / Ko te Aitanga Pepeke o Aotearoa monograph series. ISSN: 1179-7193
Round-Robin Political Tournaments: Abstention, Truthful Equilibria, and Effective Power
Creators: name: Pongou, Roland
name: Tchantcho, Bertrand
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 2110E
subject: Round-robin Political Tournaments
subject: Ranked Voting
subject: Hyper-preferences
subject: Truthful Equilibria
subject: Effective Power
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: Political Design

description: A round-robin political tournament is an election format where multiple candidates contest in pairs, and votes are aggregated using a general rule to form a social ranking. We formalize this tournament as a strategic form game and provide a necessary and sufficient condition under which truthful voting is a Nash equilibrium. Building on this analysis, we study the concept of effective power, defined as a voter's ability to bring about a social ranking that maximizes his preferences. We show that the classical theories of political power do not translate into effective power in general. We then provide a full characterization of the classes of political tournaments and utility metrics for which these theories capture effective power. We offer both structural and behavioral interpretations of the findings, and derive practical implications for the design of political tournaments that are compatible with truth-telling.
Dificuldades de aprendizagem na leitura: um estudo de caso em escolas de Vila Verde (Portugal)
Creators: name: Rebelo, Maria Da Conceição
name: Martínez, Tomás Sola
name: Reche, Maria Pilar Cáceres
Publisher: name: Instituto Politécnico de Bragança
Year: 2016

description: O principal objetivo deste trabalho é identificar as principais características da leitura oral e da leitura silenciosa de alunos que terminam o Primeiro Ciclo do Ensino Básico, nas escolas oficiais do concelho de Vila Verde, distrito de Braga. A tipologia de dificuldades na leitura implica a sua categorização em dificuldades específicas na aprendizagem da leitura e em dificuldades gerais na aprendizagem da leitura. Neste estudo, participaram 32 alunos distribuídos, equitativamente, por género e por tipologia de turma (homogénea e heterogénea). A recolha dos dados assentou na aplicação do subtestes de análise da leitura oral e do subteste de análise da leitura silenciosa do teste psicométrico Teste de Análise de Lectoescritura (T.A.L.E). Os resultados sugerem que, de um modo geral, os alunos em estudo revelam resultados abaixo do esperado para o nível de escolaridade que frequentam. Palavras-Chave: dificuldades na aprendizagem da leitura; avaliação da leitura oral e da leitura silenciosa
description: Eduser - Revista de Educação, v. 5 n. 1 (2013): Eduser - Revista de Educação
Hyperfine interaction with the $^{229}$Th nucleus and its low lying isomeric state
Creators: name: Müller, Robert A.
name: Maiorova, Anna V.
name: Fritzsche, Stephan
name: Volotka, Andrey V.
name: Beerwerth, Randolf
name: Glowacki, Przemyslaw
name: Thielking, Johannes
name: Meier, David-Marcel
name: Okhapkin, Maksim
name: Peik, Ekkehard
name: Surzhykov, Andrey
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The thorium nucleus with mass number $A=229$ has attracted much interest because its extremely low lying first excited isomeric state at about $8$eV opens the possibility for the development of a nuclear clock. However, neither the exact energy of this nuclear isomer nor properties, such as nuclear magnetic dipole and electric quadrupole moment are known to a high precision so far. The latter can be determined by investigating the hyperfine structure of thorium atoms or ions. Due to its electronic structure and the long lifetime of the nuclear isomeric state, Th$^{2+}$ is especially suitable for such kind of studies. In this letter we present a combined experimental and theoretical investigation of the hyperfine structure of the $^{229}$Th$^{2+}$ ion in the nuclear ground and isomeric state. A very good agreement between theory and experiment is found for the nuclear ground state. Moreover, we use our calculations to confirm the recently presented experimental value for the nuclear magnetic dipole moment of the thorium nuclear isomer, which was in contradiction to previous theoretical studies.
Approximate Triangle Counting
Creators: name: Tsourakakis, Charalampos E.
name: Kolountzakis, Mihail N.
name: Miller, Gary L.
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: 89999 Information and Computing Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Triangle counting is an important problem in graph mining. Clustering coefficients of vertices and the transitivity ratio of the graph are two metrics often used in complex network analysis. Furthermore, triangles have been used successfully in several real-world applications. However, exact triangle counting is an expensive computation. In this paper we present the analysis of a practical sampling algorithm for counting triangles in graphs. Our analysis yields optimal values for the sampling rate, thus resulting in tremendous speedups ranging from 2800x to 70000x when applied to real-world networks. At the same time the accuracy of the estimation is excellent. Our contributions include experimentation on graphs with several millions of nodes and edges, where we show how practical our proposed method is. Finally, our algorithm’s implementation is a part of the PeGaSus library a Peta-Graph Mining library implemented in Hadoop, the open source version of Mapreduce.
Impacto do recurso a screencasts no ensino das TIC: um estudo de caso no módulo de gestão de base de dados
Creators: name: Freitas, Artur Jorge Monteiro De
name: Coutinho, Clara Maria Pereira
Publisher: name: Instituto Politécnico de Bragança
Year: 2016

description: A disciplina de Tecnologias da Informação e Comunicação (TIC) dos cursos profissionais apresenta no seu currículo o módulo de Gestão de Base de Dados que apresenta níveis de complexidade elevados e que leva os alunos a desinteressarem-se pela temática. Atendendo a esta desmotivação, um professor inovador, com os recursos que hoje tem ao seu dispor, pode facilmente alterar as práticas e rentabilizar os meios. É neste contexto que surge o presente estudo de caso, e cujo objetivo foi o de averiguar se os screencasts (capturas/ gravações digitais de ações/ interações do utilizador no computador) podem ser um caminho para, de forma autónoma, interessante e ao seu ritmo, os alunos adquirirem as competências preconizadas no currículo da disciplina de TIC. Os resultados obtidos revelaram que o recurso aos screencasts favorece a aprendizagem e o desenvolvimento de competências, favorece a motivação para a aprendizagem de conceitos de base de dados, que os alunos preferem os screencasts mais curtos e que não se verificou uma rentabilização das tecnologias móveis (m-learning).
description: Eduser - Revista de Educação, v. 5 n. 1 (2013): Eduser - Revista de Educação
Approximate Inference in Additive Factorial HMMs with Application to Energy Disaggregation
Creators: name: J. Zico  Kolter
name: Jaakkola, Tommi
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: 89999 Information and Computing Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper considers additive factorial hidden Markov models, an extension to HMMs where the state factors into multiple independent chains, and the output is an additive function of all the hidden states. Although such models are very powerful, accurate inference is unfortunately difficult: exact inference is not computationally tractable, and existing approximate inference techniques are highly susceptible to local optima. In this paper we propose an alternative inference method for such models, which exploits their additive structure by 1) looking at the observed difference signal of the observation, 2) incorporating a "robust" mixture component that can account for unmodeled observations, and 3) constraining the posterior to allow at most one hidden state to change at a time. Combining these elements we develop a convex formulation of approximate inference that is computationally efficient, has no issues of local optima, and which performs much better than existing approaches in practice. The method is motivated by the problem of energy disaggregation, the task of taking a whole home electricity signal and decomposing it into its component appliances; applied to this task, our algorithm achieves state-of-the-art performance, and is able to separate many appliances almost perfectly using just the total aggregate signal
The evolution of GX 339-4 in the low-hard state as seen by NuSTAR and Swift
Creators: name: Wang-Ji, Jingyi
name: García, Javier A.
name: Steiner, James F.
name: Tomsick, John A.
name: Harrison, Fiona A.
name: Bambi, Cosimo
name: Petrucci, Pierre-Olivier
name: Ferreira, Jonathan
name: Chakravorty, Susmita
name: Clavel, Maïca
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze eleven NuSTAR and Swift observations of the black hole X-ray binary GX 339-4 in the hard state, six of which were taken during the end of the 2015 outburst, five during a failed outburst in 2013. These observations cover luminosities from 0.5%-5% of the Eddington luminosity. Implementing the most recent version of the reflection model relxillCp, we perform simultaneous spectral fits on both datasets to track the evolution of the properties in the accretion disk including the inner edge radius, the ionization, and temperature of the thermal emission. We also constrain the photon index and electron temperature of the primary source (the "corona"). We find the disk becomes more truncated when the luminosity decreases, and observe a maximum truncation radius of $37R_g$. We also explore a self-consistent model under the framework of coronal Comptonization, and find consistent results regarding the disk truncation in the 2015 data, providing a more physical preferred fit for the 2013 observations.
description: 15 pages, 8 figures, 6 tables, accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journal
Approximate Dynamic Programming using Halfspace Queries and Multiscale Monge decomposition
Creators: name: Miller, Gary L.
name: Peng, Richard
name: Schwartz, Russell
name: Tsourakakis, Charalampos E.
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 1975
Subjects: subject: 89999 Information and Computing Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We consider the problem of approximating a signal P with another signal F consisting of a few piecewise constant segments. This problem arises naturally in applications including databases (e.g., histogram construction), speech recognition, computational biology (e.g., denoising aCGH data) and many more. Specifically, let P = (P1, P2, …, Pn), Pi ∊ ℝ for all i, be a signal and let C be a constant. Our goal is to find a function F : [n] → ℝ which optimizes the following objective function: The above optimization problem reduces to solving the following recurrence, which can be done using dynamic programming in O(n2) time: This recurrence arises naturally in several applications where one wants to approximate a given signal P with a signal F which ideally consists of few piecewise constant segments. Such applications include histogram construction in databases, determining DNA copy numbers in cancer cells from micro-array data, speech recognition, data mining and many others. In this work we present two new techniques for optimizing dynamic programming that can handle cost functions not treated by other standard methods. The basis of our first algorithm is the definition of a constant-shifted variant of the objective function that can be efficiently approximated using state of the art methods for range searching. Our technique approximates the optimal value of our objective function within additive ∊ error and runs in time, where δ is an arbitrarily small positive constant and . The second algorithm we provide solves a similar recurrence that's within a multiplicative factor of (1+∊) and runs in O(n log n/∊). The new technique introduced by our algorithm is the decomposition of the initial problem into a small (logarithmic) number of Monge optimization subproblems which we can speed up using existing techniques.
Comparing physical assessment with administrative data for detecting pressure ulcers in a large Canadian academic health sciences centre
Creators: name: Backman, Chantal
name: Vanderloo, Saskia E
name: Miller, Toba B
name: Freeman, Lisa
name: Forster, Alan J
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2016
Subjects: HEALTH SERVICES ADMINISTRATION & MANAGEMENT
Aged
Aged, 80 and over
Canada
Cross-Sectional Studies
Female
Hospital Information Systems
Humans
Male
Middle Aged
Physical Examination
Predictive Value of Tests
Pressure Ulcer
Prevalence
Retrospective Studies
Sensitivity and Specificity

description: This study aimed to compare classification of pressure ulcers from administrative data with a gold standard assessment, specifically; pressure ulcers confirmed by an independent physical assessment performed by trained nurse surveyors.
Suppression of globular cluster formation in metal-poor gas clouds by Lyman-alpha radiation feedback
Creators: name: Abe, Makito
name: Yajima, Hidenobu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the impact of Ly$α$ radiation feedback on globular cluster (GC) formation. In this Letter, we analytically derive the relation between star formation efficiency (SFE) and metallicity in spherical clouds with the Ly$α$ radiation feedback. Our models show that the SFE becomes small as the metallicity decreases. In metal-poor gas clouds, Ly$α$ photons are trapped for a long time and exert strong radiation force to the gas, resulting in the suppression of star formation. We find that bound star-clusters (SFE $\gtrsim$ 0.5) form only for the metallicity higher than $\sim 10^{-2.5}~Z_{\odot}$ in the case with the initial cloud mass $10^5~{\rm M}_\odot$ and the radius 5 pc. Our models successfully reproduce the lower bound of observed metallicity of GCs. Thus, we suggest that the Ly$α$ radiation feedback can be essential in understanding the formation of GCs.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS Letter
title: Fauna of New Zealand 59: Erotylinae (Insecta: Coleoptera: Cucujoidea: Erotylidae): taxonomy and biogeography
Creators: name: Skelley, PE
name: Leschen, RAB
Publisher: name: Manaaki Whenua Press
Year: 2007

description: The Fauna of New Zealand / Ko te Aitanga Pepeke o Aotearoa monograph series. ISSN: 1179-7193
Diffusion-driven instabilities and emerging spatial patterns in patchy landscapes
Creators: name: Cobbold, Christina A.
name: Lutscher, Frithjof
name: Sherratt, Jonathan A.
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2015

description: Spatial variation in population densities across a landscape is a feature of many ecological systems, from self-organised patterns on mussel beds to spatially restricted insect outbreaks. It occurs as a result of environmental variation in abiotic factors and / or biotic factors structuring the spatial distribution of populations. However the ways in which abiotic and biotic factors interact to determine the existence and nature of spatial patterns in population density remain poorly understood. Here we present a new approach to studying this question by analysing a predator-prey patch-model in a heterogenous landscape. We use analytical and numerical methods originally developed for studying nearest-neighbour (juxtacrine) signalling in epithelia to explore whether and under which conditions patterns emerge. We find that abiotic and biotic factors interact to promote pattern formation. In fact, we find a rich and highly complex array of coexisting stable patterns, located within an enormous number of unstable patterns. Our simulation results indicate that many of the stable patterns have appreciable basins of attraction, making them significant in applications. We are able to identify mechanisms for these patterns based on the classical ideas of long-range inhibition and short-range activation, whereby landscape heterogeneity can modulate the spatial scales at which these processes operate to structure the populations.
MineXR: Mining Personalized Extended Reality Interfaces
Creators: name: Cho, Hyunsung
name: Yan, Yukang
name: Todi, Kashyap
name: Parent, Mark
name: Smith, Missie
name: Jonker, Tanya R.
name: Benko, Hrvoje
name: Lindlbauer, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: H.5.2

description: Extended Reality (XR) interfaces offer engaging user experiences, but their effective design requires a nuanced understanding of user behavior and preferences. This knowledge is challenging to obtain without the widespread adoption of XR devices. We introduce MineXR, a design mining workflow and data analysis platform for collecting and analyzing personalized XR user interaction and experience data. MineXR enables elicitation of personalized interfaces from participants of a data collection: for any particular context, participants create interface elements using application screenshots from their own smartphone, place them in the environment, and simultaneously preview the resulting XR layout on a headset. Using MineXR, we contribute a dataset of personalized XR interfaces collected from 31 participants, consisting of 695 XR widgets created from 178 unique applications. We provide insights for XR widget functionalities, categories, clusters, UI element types, and placement. Our open-source tools and data support researchers and designers in developing future XR interfaces.
description: 17 pages, 18 figures, Proceedings of the 2024 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
title: Fauna of New Zealand 60: Carabidae (Insecta: Coleoptera): synopsis of supraspecific taxa
Creators: name: Larochelle, A
name: Larivière, M-C
Publisher: name: Manaaki Whenua Press
Year: 2007

description: The Fauna of New Zealand / Ko te Aitanga Pepeke o Aotearoa monograph series. ISSN: 1179-7193
The California-Kepler Survey. IV. Metal-rich Stars Host a Greater Diversity of Planets
Creators: name: Petigura, Erik A.
name: Marcy, Geoffrey W.
name: Winn, Joshua N.
name: Weiss, Lauren M.
name: Fulton, Benjamin J.
name: Howard, Andrew W.
name: Sinukoff, Evan
name: Isaacson, Howard
name: Morton, Timothy D.
name: Johnson, John Asher
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Probing the connection between a star's metallicity and the presence and properties of any associated planets offers an observational link between conditions during the epoch of planet formation and mature planetary systems. We explore this connection by analyzing the metallicities of Kepler target stars and the subset of stars found to host transiting planets. After correcting for survey incompleteness, we measure planet occurrence: the number of planets per 100 stars with a given metallicity $M$. Planet occurrence correlates with metallicity for some, but not all, planet sizes and orbital periods. For warm super-Earths having $P = 10-100$ days and $R_P = 1.0-1.7~R_E$, planet occurrence is nearly constant over metallicities spanning $-$0.4 dex to +0.4 dex. We find 20 warm super-Earths per 100 stars, regardless of metallicity. In contrast, the occurrence of warm sub-Neptunes ($R_P = 1.7-4.0~R_E$) doubles over that same metallicity interval, from 20 to 40 planets per 100 stars. We model the distribution of planets as $d f \propto 10^{βM} d M$, where $β$ characterizes the strength of any metallicity correlation. This correlation steepens with decreasing orbital period and increasing planet size. For warm super-Earths $β= -0.3^{+0.2}_{-0.2}$, while for hot Jupiters $β= +3.4^{+0.9}_{-0.8}$. High metallicities in protoplanetary disks may increase the mass of the largest rocky cores or the speed at which they are assembled, enhancing the production of planets larger than 1.7 $R_E$. The association between high metallicity and short-period planets may reflect disk density profiles that facilitate the inward migration of solids or higher rates of planet-planet scattering.
description: 32 pages, 15 figures, 9 tables, accepted for publication in The Astronomical Journal
The Different Facets of Diversity and Social Cohesion
Creators: name: Jeannotte, M. Sharon
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 1999
Subjects: Diversity
Social cohesion

description: Globalization, increased mobility, economic restructuring and changing demographics, among other forces, are making Canada an increasingly diverse society. This paper will discuss the various facets of this diversity and will situate them within the context of current concerns about social cohesion. Since the concepts of social cohesion and diversity utilized in the paper are somewhat broad, the introductory section will begin by defining the term social cohesion and the various ways that diversity both contributes to and challenges it. It will then sketch the elements of diversity that are likely to represent the greatest challenges to social cohesion in Canada over the medium to longer-term.
Approximate Clustering without the Approximation
Creators: name: Maria-Florina  Balcan
name: Avrim  Blum
name: Gupta, Anupam
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: 89999 Information and Computing Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Approximation algorithms for clustering points in metric spaces is a flourishing area of research, with much research effort spent on getting a better understanding of the approximation guarantees possible for many objective functions such as k-median, k-means, and min-sum clustering. This quest for better approximation algorithms is further fueled by the implicit hope that these better approximations also give us more accurate clusterings. E.g., for many problems such as clustering proteins by function, or clustering images by subject, there is some unknown “correct” target clustering and the implicit hope is that approximately optimizing these objective functions will in fact produce a clustering that is close (in symmetric difference) to the truth. In this paper, we show that if we make this implicit assumption explicit—that is, if we assume that any c-approximation to the given clustering objective F is ∈-close to the target—then we can produce clusterings that are O(∈)-close to the target, even for values c for which obtaining a c-approximation is NP-hard. In particular, for k-median and k-means objectives, we show that we can achieve this guarantee for any constant c > 1, and for min-sum objective we can do this for any constant c > 2. Our results also highlight a somewhat surprising conceptual difference between assuming that the optimal solution to, say, the k-median objective is ∈-close to the target, and assuming that any approximately optimal solution is ǫ-close to the target, even for approximation factor say c = 1.01. In the former case, the problem of finding a solution that is O(∈)-close to the target remains computationally hard, and yet for the latter we have an efficient algorithm.
Zero-Rating, One Big Mess: Analyzing Differential Pricing Practices of European MNOs
Creators: name: Gegenhuber, Gabriel Karl
name: Mayer, Wilfried
name: Weippl, Edgar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Zero-rating, the practice of not billing data traffic that belongs to certain applications, has become popular within the mobile ecosystem around the globe. There is an ongoing debate whether mobile operators should be allowed to differentiate traffic or whether net neutrality regulations should prevent this. Despite the importance of this issue, we know little about the technical aspects of zero-rating offers since the implementation is kept secret by mobile operators and therefore is opaque to end-users and regulatory agencies.
 This work aims to independently audit classification practices used for zero-rating of four popular applications at seven different mobile operators in the EU. We execute and evaluate more than 300 controlled experiments within domestic and internationally roamed environments and identify potentially problematic behavior at almost all investigated operators. With this study, we hope to increase transparency around the current practices and inform future decisions and policies.
Exploring the Chemical Composition and Double Horizontal Branch of the Bulge Globular Cluster NGC 6569
Creators: name: Johnson, Christian I.
name: Rich, R. Michael
name: Caldwell, Nelson
name: Mateo, Mario
name: Bailey, John I.
name: Olszewski, Edward W.
name: Walker, Matthew G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Photometric and spectroscopic analyses have shown that the Galactic bulge cluster Terzan 5 hosts several populations with different metallicities and ages that manifest as a double red horizontal branch (HB). A recent investigation of the massive bulge cluster NGC 6569 revealed a similar, though less extended, HB luminosity split, but little is known about the cluster's detailed chemical composition. Therefore, we have used high-resolution spectra from the Magellan-M2FS and VLT-FLAMES spectrographs to investigate the chemical compositions and radial velocity distributions of red giant branch and HB stars in NGC 6569. We found the cluster to have a mean heliocentric radial velocity of -48.8 km/s (sigma = 5.3 km/s; 148 stars) and a mean [Fe/H] =-0.87 dex (19 stars), but the cluster's 0.05 dex [Fe/H] dispersion precludes a significant metallicity spread. NGC 6569 exhibits light- and heavy-element distributions that are common among old bulge/inner Galaxy globular clusters, including clear (anti)correlations between [O/Fe], [Na/Fe], and [Al/Fe]. The light-element data suggest that NGC 6569 may be composed of at least two distinct populations, and the cluster's low mean [La/Eu] = -0.11 dex indicates significant pollution with r-process material. We confirm that both HBs contain cluster members, but metallicity and light-element variations are largely ruled out as sources for the luminosity difference. However, He mass fraction differences as small as delta Y ~ 0.02 cannot be ruled out and may be sufficient to reproduce the double HB.
description: 72 pages, 14 figures, 8 tables; published in The Astronomical Journal; electronic versions of all tables are available in the published version
title: Fauna of New Zealand 62: Trechini (Insecta: Coleoptera: Carabidae: Trechinae)
Creators: name: Townsend, JI
Publisher: name: Manaaki Whenua Press
Year: 2010

description: The Fauna of New Zealand / Ko te Aitanga Pepeke o Aotearoa monograph series. ISSN: 1179-7193
On Vortex Alignment and Boundedness of $L^q$ Norm of Vorticity
Creators: name: Li, Siran
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We show that the spatial $L^q$ ($q > 5/3$) norm of the vorticity of an incompressible viscous fluid in $\mathbb{R}^3$ or $\mathbb{T}^3$ remains bounded uniformly in time, provided that the direction of vorticity is Hölder continuous in the space variable, and that the space--time $L^q$ norm of the vorticity is finite. The Hölder index depends only on $q$. This serves as a variant of the classical result by P. Constantin and Ch. Fefferman (Direction of vorticity and the problem of global regularity for the Navier--Stokes equations, Indiana Univ. J. Math., 42 (1993), 775--789).
description: 9 pages
title: Fauna of New Zealand 63: Auchenorrhyncha (Insecta: Hemiptera): catalogue
Creators: name: Larivière, M-C
name: Fletcher, MJ
name: Larochelle, A
Publisher: name: Manaaki Whenua Press
Year: 2010

description: The Fauna of New Zealand / Ko te Aitanga Pepeke o Aotearoa monograph series. ISSN: 1179-7193
Vacuum polarization effects in the background of a deformed compact object and implications for photon velocity
Creators: name: Amaro, Daniel
name: Faraji, Shokoufe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper studies the impact of vacuum polarization on light propagation in the background of a distorted, deformed compact object. Focusing on a spacetime containing two quadrupole parameters associated with the central object and external fields, we explore how these parameters influence observable effects as dynamical degrees of freedom. In this setup, we investigate electromagnetic birefringence, noting distinct polarization-dependent photon velocity variations and gravitational lens effects. Although current resolution may limit detection, future high-precision observations could reveal these quantum electrodynamics (QED) induced birefringence effects, advancing our understanding of vacuum birefringence in astrophysical contexts. We further analyze the dependence of shadow properties on the model's variables, using observational data from Sgr A*.
title: Fauna of New Zealand 64: Pisauridae (Arachnida: Araneae)
Creators: name: Vink, CJ
name: Dupérré, N
Publisher: name: Manaaki Whenua Press
Year: 2010

description: The Fauna of New Zealand / Ko te Aitanga Pepeke o Aotearoa monograph series. ISSN: 1179-7193
Analytic Central Orbits and their Transformation Group
Creators: name: Lynden-Bell, Donald
name: Jin, Shoko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A useful crude approximation for Abelian functions is developed and applied to orbits. The bound orbits in the power-law potentials A*r^{-alpha} take the simple form (l/r)^k = 1 + e cos(m*phi), where k = 2 - alpha > 0 and 'l' and 'e' are generalisations of the semi-latus-rectum and the eccentricity. 'm' is given as a function of 'eccentricity'. For nearly circular orbits 'm' is sqrt{k}, while the above orbit becomes exact at the energy of escape where 'e' is one and 'm' is 'k'. Orbits in the logarithmic potential that gives rise to a constant circular velocity are derived via the limit of small alpha. For such orbits, r^2 vibrates almost harmonically whatever the 'eccentricity'. Unbound orbits in power-law potentials are given in an appendix. The transformation of orbits in one potential to give orbits in a different potential is used to determine orbits in potentials that are positive powers of r. These transformations are extended to form a group which associates orbits in sets of six potentials, e.g. there are corresponding orbits in the potentials proportional to r, r^{-2/3}, r^{-3}, r^{-6}, r^{4/3} and r^{-4}. A degeneracy reduces this to three, which are r^{-1}, r^2 and r^{-4} for the Keplerian case. A generalisation of this group includes the isochrone with the Kepler set.
description: 12 pages, 8 figures; updated version with minor typographical corrections; published in MNRAS
Bayesian Nonparametric Causal Inference: Information Rates and Learning Algorithms
Creators: name: Alaa, Ahmed M.
name: van der Schaar, Mihaela
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We investigate the problem of estimating the causal effect of a treatment on individual subjects from observational data, this is a central problem in various application domains, including healthcare, social sciences, and online advertising. Within the Neyman Rubin potential outcomes model, we use the Kullback Leibler (KL) divergence between the estimated and true distributions as a measure of accuracy of the estimate, and we define the information rate of the Bayesian causal inference procedure as the (asymptotic equivalence class of the) expected value of the KL divergence between the estimated and true distributions as a function of the number of samples. Using Fano method, we establish a fundamental limit on the information rate that can be achieved by any Bayesian estimator, and show that this fundamental limit is independent of the selection bias in the observational data. We characterize the Bayesian priors on the potential (factual and counterfactual) outcomes that achieve the optimal information rate. As a consequence, we show that a particular class of priors that have been widely used in the causal inference literature cannot achieve the optimal information rate. On the other hand, a broader class of priors can achieve the optimal information rate. We go on to propose a prior adaptation procedure (which we call the information based empirical Bayes procedure) that optimizes the Bayesian prior by maximizing an information theoretic criterion on the recovered causal effects rather than maximizing the marginal likelihood of the observed (factual) data. Building on our analysis, we construct an information optimal Bayesian causal inference algorithm.
A Crude Depiction of Oil: A Comparative Discourse Analysis of CBC Calgary and British Columbia's Coverage of the Trans Mountain Pipeline Expansion Project
Creators: name: Abounehme, Kayla
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2020

description: As fossil fuels become increasingly associated with images of ecological destruction and humanitarian concerns, many have come to question the future viability of Alberta’s oil sands. In the face of uncertainty, the fossil fuel industry and Alberta government attempt to secure public consent for resource extraction by legitimizing the assumption that fossil fuel development as imperative to economic and social welfare. Accordingly, this research paper will examine the news media’s role in facilitating this process by sponsoring hegemonic neoliberal discourses touting the promise of oil sands, while silencing dissenting voices highlighting its environmental and social repercussions. While the majority of literature focuses on the mainstream media, scant research has examined the role of public service broadcasting (PSB) in this matter, despite the crucial role they play in sustaining democracy. Consequently, this research fills this gap in the literature by analyzing the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation’s (CBC) framing of the controversial Trans Mountain Pipeline expansion project (TMX) in a bid to examine whether it’s fulfilling its mandate to remain unfettered by corporate and government influences. Specifically, it involves a Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) of CBC Calgary (N=12) and CBC British Columbia (N=15) to gauge whether local attitudes, values, and beliefs towards the fossil fuel industry are reflected in their respective framing of TMX. Overall, the findings reveal that while CBC B.C. and Calgary’s coverage does reflect local attitudes surrounding TMX, the CBC Calgary’s narratives reflect the neoliberal discourses sponsored by the Alberta government and fossil fuel industry, thus raising questions about the relationship between public broadcasting, democratic institutions, and the corporate interests of the fossil fuel industry.
title: Fauna of New Zealand 65: Izatha (Insecta: Lepidoptera: Gelechioidea: Oeco­phoridae)
Creators: name: Hoare, RJB
Publisher: name: Manaaki Whenua Press
Year: 2010

description: The Fauna of New Zealand / Ko te Aitanga Pepeke o Aotearoa monograph series. ISSN: 1179-7193
Approximate Algorithms for Optimization of Busy Waiting in Parallel Programs
Creators: name: Clarke, Edmund M
name: Lishing  Liu
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 1973
Subjects: subject: 89999 Information and Computing Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Traditional implementations of conditional critical regions and monitors can lead to unproductive "busy waiting" if processes are allowed to wait on arbitrary boolean expressions. Techniques from global flow analysis may be employed at compile time to obtain information about which critical regions (monitor calls) are enabled by the execution of a given critical region (monitor call). We investigate the complexity of computing this information and show how it can be used to obtain efficient scheduling algorithms with less busy waiting.
Romans Supergravity from Five-Dimensional Holograms
Creators: name: Chang, Chi-Ming
name: Fluder, Martin
name: Lin, Ying-Hsuan
name: Wang, Yifan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study five-dimensional superconformal field theories and their holographic dual, matter-coupled Romans supergravity. On the one hand, some recently derived formulae allow us to extract the central charges from deformations of the supersymmetric five-sphere partition function, whose large N expansion can be computed using matrix model techniques. On the other hand, the conformal and flavor central charges can be extracted from the six-dimensional supergravity action, by carefully analyzing its embedding into type I' string theory. The results match on the two sides of the holographic duality. Our results also provide analytic evidence for the symmetry enhancement in five-dimensional superconformal field theories.
description: 57 pages, 4 figures, 6 tables; v2: references added
Approaching Optimality For Solving SDD Linear Systems
Creators: name: Koutis, Ioannis
name: Miller, Gary
name: Peng, Richard
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: 89999 Information and Computing Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Abstract—We present an algorithm that on input of an n-vertex m-edge weighted graph G and a value k, produces an incremental sparsifier Ĝ with n-1+m=k edges, such that the condition number of G with Ĝ is bounded above by Õ(k log2 n), with probability 1 - p.
Complete aging in the noisy voter model enhances consensus formation
Creators: name: Llabrés, Jaume
name: Oliver-Bonafoux, Sara
name: Anteneodo, Celia
name: Toral, Raúl
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the effects of aging in the noisy voter model considering that the probability to change states decays algebraically with age $τ$, defined as the time elapsed since adopting the current state. We study the complete aging scenario, which incorporates aging to both mechanisms of interaction: herding and idiosyncratic behavior, and compare it with the partial aging case, where aging affects only the herding mechanism. Analytical mean-field equations are derived, finding excellent agreement with agent-based simulations on a complete graph. We observe that complete aging enhances consensus formation, shifting the critical point to higher values compared to the partial aging case. However, when the aging probability decays asymptotically to zero for large $τ$, a steady state is not always attained for complete aging.
AI-Assisted Causal Pathway Diagram for Human-Centered Design
Creators: name: Zhong, Ruican
name: Shin, Donghoon
name: Meza, Rosemary
name: Klasnja, Predrag
name: Colusso, Lucas
name: Hsieh, Gary
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: H.5.2; I.2.7

description: This paper explores the integration of causal pathway diagrams (CPD) into human-centered design (HCD), investigating how these diagrams can enhance the early stages of the design process. A dedicated CPD plugin for the online collaborative whiteboard platform Miro was developed to streamline diagram creation and offer real-time AI-driven guidance. Through a user study with designers (N=20), we found that CPD's branching and its emphasis on causal connections supported both divergent and convergent processes during design. CPD can also facilitate communication among stakeholders. Additionally, we found our plugin significantly reduces designers' cognitive workload and increases their creativity during brainstorming, highlighting the implications of AI-assisted tools in supporting creative work and evidence-based designs.
Primordial Black Holes from Polynomial Potentials in Single Field Inflation
Creators: name: Hertzberg, Mark P.
name: Yamada, Masaki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Within canonical single field inflation models, we provide a method to reverse engineer and reconstruct the inflaton potential from a given power spectrum. This is not only a useful tool to find a potential from observational constraints, but also gives insight into how to generate a large amplitude spike in density perturbations, especially those that may lead to primordial black holes (PBHs). In accord with other works, we find that the usual slow-roll conditions need to be violated in order to generate a significant spike in the spectrum. We find that a way to achieve a very large amplitude spike in single field models is for the classical roll of the inflaton to over-shoot a local minimum during inflation. We provide an example of a quintic polynomial potential that implements this idea and leads to the observed spectral index, observed amplitude of fluctuations on large scales, significant PBH formation on small scales, and is compatible with other observational constraints. We quantify how much fine-tuning is required to achieve this in a family of random polynomial potentials, which may be useful to estimate the probability of PBH formation in the string landscape.
description: 13 pages in double column format, 5 figures. V2: Added references and small clarifications
Human Activities and Global Warming: A Cointegration Analysis
Creators: name: Liu, Hui
name: Rodriguez, Gabriel
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2003
Subjects: Global Warming
Radiative Forcing
Cointegration
I(1) and I(2) Processes
Unit Roots
Réchau¤ement du globe
radiations
cointégration
processus I(1) et I(2)
racines unitaires

description: Do human activities indeed cause global warming? This paper attempts to answer this question by reexamining the time series properties of climate variables and the existence of long-run relationships between them. Double unit root testing shows that most of the radiative forcings of greenhouse gases are integrated of order two. We then apply an I(1) and I(2) cointegrating rank analysis to identify the presence of I(2) components. After identifying a linear combination of I(2) variables that cointegrates to an I(1) process, we proceed with the I(1) cointegrating analysis and we identify two possible cases with different rank specifications. Estimation of the equation for temperature suggests that this variable reacts significantly to the radiative forcings of greenhouse gases in the long-run. This evidence allow us to conclude that human activities a¤ect temperature variations. / Est-ce que l’activité humaine entraîne effectivement le réchauffement du globe? Ce travail tente de répondre à cette question en ré-examinant les propriétés des séries chronologiques des variables climatiques, ainsi que la possibilité de l’existence à long terme d’une relation entre elles. Des tests de racines unitaires doubles démontrent que la variable qui représente la quantité de radiations causées par les gaz à effet de serre est intégrée d’ordre deux. Suite aux tests de racines unitaires, nous analysons la cointégration selon le rang pour des variables intégrés d’ordre I(1) et I(2) afin d’identifier la présence des composantes I(2). Après avoir identifié la combinaison linéaire de variables I(2) qui, par la cointégration résulte en un processus I(1), nous procédons à l’analyse de cointégration I(1) et nous identifions deux cas possibles avec des spécifications de rangs différentes. L’estimation de l’équation de la température nous amène à croire que cette variable réagie significativement aux radiations causées par les gaz à effet de serre à long terme. Les évidences nous permettent de conclure que l’activité humaine affecte les variations de la température.