cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Are Female Scientists Less Inclined to Publish Alone? The Gender Solo Research Gap
Creators: name: Kwiek, Marek
name: Roszka, Wojciech
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Digital Libraries (cs.DL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In solo research, scientists compete individually for prestige, sending clear signals about their research ability, avoiding problems in credit allocation, and reducing conflicts about authorship. We examine to what extent male and female scientists differ in their use of solo publishing across various dimensions. This research is the first to comprehensively study the 'gender solo research gap' among all internationally visible scientists within a whole national higher education system. We examine the gap through 'individual publication portfolios' constructed for each Polish university professor. We use the practical significance/statistical significance difference (based on the effect-size r coefficient) and our analyses indicate that while some gender differences are statistically significant, they have no practical significance. Using a partial effects of fractional logistic regression approach, we estimate the probability of conducting solo research. In none of the models does gender explain the variability of the individual solo publishing rate. The strongest predictor of individual solo publishing rate is the average team size, publishing in STEM fields negatively affects the rate, publishing in male-dominated disciplines positively affects it, and the influence of international collaboration is negative. The gender solo research gap in Poland is much weaker than expected: within a more general trend toward team research and international research, gender differences in solo research are much weaker and less relevant than initially assumed. We use our unique biographical, administrative, publication, and citation database ('Polish Science Observatory') with metadata on all Polish scientists present in Scopus (N=25,463) and their 158,743 Scopus-indexed articles published in 2009-2018, including 18,900 solo articles.
description: 37 pages, 10 tables, 4 figures
Delocalisation and absolute-value-FKG in the solid-on-solid model
Creators: name: Lammers, Piet
name: Ott, Sébastien
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 82B20, 82B41 (Primary) 82B30 (Secondary)

description: The solid-on-solid model is a model of height functions, introduced to study the interface separating the $+$ and $-$ phase in the Ising model. The planar solid-on-solid model thus corresponds to the three-dimensional Ising model. Delocalisation of this model at high temperature and at zero slope was first derived by Fröhlich and Spencer, in parallel to proving the Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless phase transition. The first main result of this article consists of a simple, alternative proof of delocalisation of the solid-on-solid model. In fact, the argument is more general: it works on any planar graph -- not just the square lattice -- and implies that the interface delocalises at any slope rather than exclusively at the zero slope. The second main result, proved independently, is that the absolute value of the height function in this model satisfies the FKG lattice condition. This property is believed to be intimately linked to the (quantitative) understanding of delocalisation, given the recent successes in the context of the square ice and (more generally) the six-vertex model, and it has already been used elsewhere in a new proof of the BKT transition. The new FKG inequality is shown to hold true for both the solid-on-solid model as well as for the discrete Gaussian model, which in this article implies that the two notions of delocalisation, namely delocalisation in finite volume and delocalisation of shift-invariant Gibbs measures, coincide.
description: 20 pages, 2 figures; optimised following comments referees
The Search for Electric Dipole Moments of Charged Particles in Storage Rings
Creators: name: Andres, Achim
Publisher: name: Forschungzentrum Jülich
Year: 2023

description: DPG Spring Meeting, Dresden, RWTH Aachen, Germany, 20 Mar 2023 - 24 Mar 2023
description: The matter-antimatter asymmetry in the universe cannot be explainedby the Standard Model of elementary particle physics. According toA. Sakharov CP violating phenomena are needed in order to under-stand the matter-antimatter asymmetry. Permanent Electric DipoleMoments (EDMs) of subatomic elementary particles violate both timereversal and parity asymmetries and therefore also violate CP if theCPT-theorem holds. Storage rings offer the possibility to measureEDMs of charged particles by observing the influence of the EDM onthe spin motion. The Cooler Synchrotron (COSY) at Forschungszen-trum Jülich provides polarized protons and deuterons up to a momentaof 3.7 GeV/c and is therefore an ideal starting point for the JEDI - Col-laboration (Jülich Electric Dipole moment Investigations) to performthe first direct measurement of the deuteron EDM. During this talk,recent results of the first deuteron EDM measurements are presented.
Calcium imaging analysis - how far have we come?
Creators: name: Robbins, Miranda
name: Christensen, Charles N
name: Kaminski, Clemens F
name: Zlatic, Marta
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021
Subjects: Classification
Neural networks
Quantification
Denoising
Calcium imaging
Machine Learning
Motion Correction

description: Techniques for calcium imaging were first demonstrated in the mid-1970s, whilst tools to analyse these markers of cellular activity are still being developed and improved today. For image analysis, custom tools were developed within labs and until relatively recently, software packages were not widely available between researchers. We will discuss some of the most popular methods for calcium imaging analysis that are now widely available and describe why these protocols are so effective. We will also describe some of the newest innovations in the field that are likely to benefit researchers, particularly as calcium imaging is often an inherently low signal-to-noise method. Although calcium imaging analysis has seen recent advances, particularly following the rise of machine learning, we will end by highlighting the outstanding requirements and questions that hinder further progress and pose the question of how far we have come in the past sixty years and what can be expected for future development in the field.
Incremental Learning for Multi-organ Segmentation with Partially Labeled Datasets
Creators: name: Liu, Pengbo
name: Xiao, Li
name: Zhou, S. Kevin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: There exists a large number of datasets for organ segmentation, which are partially annotated, and sequentially constructed. A typical dataset is constructed at a certain time by curating medical images and annotating the organs of interest. In other words, new datasets with annotations of new organ categories are built over time. To unleash the potential behind these partially labeled, sequentially-constructed datasets, we propose to learn a multi-organ segmentation model through incremental learning (IL). In each IL stage, we lose access to the previous annotations, whose knowledge is assumingly captured by the current model, and gain the access to a new dataset with annotations of new organ categories, from which we learn to update the organ segmentation model to include the new organs. We give the first attempt to conjecture that the different distribution is the key reason for 'catastrophic forgetting' that commonly exists in IL methods, and verify that IL has the natural adaptability to medical image scenarios. Extensive experiments on five open-sourced datasets are conducted to prove the effectiveness of our method and the conjecture mentioned above.
Generalized Surgery on Riemannian Manifolds of Positive Ricci Curvature
Creators: name: Reiser, Philipp
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53C20

description: The surgery theorem of Wraith states that positive Ricci curvature is preserved under surgery if certain metric and dimensional conditions are satisfied. We generalize this theorem as follows: Instead of attaching a product of a sphere and a disc, we glue a sphere bundle over a manifold with a so-called core metric, a type of metric which was recently introduced by Burdick to construct metrics of positive Ricci curvature on connected sums. As applications we construct core metrics on 2-sphere bundles, where the base admits a core metric, and obtain new examples of 6-manifolds with metrics of positive Ricci curvature.
description: Final version. Minor changes
Simplifying the complexity of pipe flow
Creators: name: Barkley, Dwight
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Transitional pipe flow is modeled as a one-dimensional excitable and bistable medium. Models are presented in two variables, turbulence intensity and mean shear, that evolve according to established properties of transitional turbulence. A continuous model captures the essence of the puff-slug transition as a change from excitability to bistability. A discrete model, that additionally incorporates turbulence locally as a chaotic repeller, reproduces almost all large-scale features of transitional pipe flow. In particular it captures metastable localized puffs, puff splitting, slugs, a continuous transition to sustained turbulence via spatiotemporal intermittency (directed percolation), and a subsequent increase in turbulence fraction towards uniform, featureless turbulence.
description: 8 pages, 12 figures
Simulations of Beam Dynamics and Beam Lifetime for the Prototype EDM Ring
Creators: name: Siddique, Saad
name: Pretz, Jörg
name: Lehrach, Andreas
Publisher: name: Forschungzentrum Jülich
Year: 2023

description: Matter and the Universe, Karlsruhe, RWTH Aachen, Germany, 14 Sep 2023 - 15 Sep 2023
Triplet proximity effect and odd-frequency pairing in graphene
Creators: name: Linder, Jacob
name: Black-Schaffer, Annica M.
name: Sudbø, Asle
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the interplay between proximity-induced superconductivity and ferromagnetism in graphene by self-consistently solving the Bogoliubov-de Gennes equations on the honeycomb lattice. We find that a strong triplet proximity effect is generated in graphene, leading to odd-frequency pairing correlations. These odd-frequency correlations are clearly manifested in the local density of states of the graphene sheet, which can be probed via STM-measurements. Motivated by recent experiments on S$\mid$N$\mid$S graphene Josephson junctions, we also study the spectrum of Andreev-bound states formed in the normal region due to the proximity effect. Our results may be useful for interpreting spectroscopic data and can also serve as a guideline for future experiments.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures. Submitted to Physical Review.
A generalization of Kruskal's theorem on tensor decomposition
Creators: name: Lovitz, Benjamin
name: Petrov, Fedor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Kruskal's theorem states that a sum of product tensors constitutes a unique tensor rank decomposition if the so-called k-ranks of the product tensors are large. We prove a "splitting theorem" for sets of product tensors, in which the k-rank condition of Kruskal's theorem is weakened to the standard notion of rank, and the conclusion of uniqueness is relaxed to the statement that the set of product tensors splits (i.e. is disconnected as a matroid). Our splitting theorem implies a generalization of Kruskal's theorem. While several extensions of Kruskal's theorem are already present in the literature, all of these use Kruskal's original permutation lemma, and hence still cannot certify uniqueness when the k-ranks are below a certain threshold. Our generalization uses a completely new proof technique, contains many of these extensions, and can certify uniqueness below this threshold. We obtain several other useful results on tensor decompositions as consequences of our splitting theorem. We prove sharp lower bounds on tensor rank and Waring rank, which extend Sylvester's matrix rank inequality to tensors. We also prove novel uniqueness results for non-rank tensor decompositions.
description: 48 pages. Feedback welcome!
Calculation of a magnetic force acting on small superconducting celestial bodies
Creators: name: Tomkow, Lukasz
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021
Subjects: Regular Article

description: Funder: CERN
description: Abstract: Recent discoveries of superconducting phases in the samples of meteorites suggest the possibility of a natural occurrence of superconducting state in space. Superconductors are known to exhibit interesting behaviours when subjected to external magnetic fields, such as levitation. Similar force may act on a superconducting bit in space. The goal of this paper is to quantify this force and assess its effects. Several scenarios in which a superconducting bit can be produced and interact with a magnetic field in space are suggested. The force acting on a superconductor in different conditions is calculated with numerical simulations. The dependence on a magnetic flux density, its gradient, and the geometry and the properties of the superconductor are found. The empirical formulas are derived and used to calculate a magnetic force. The resultant force is extremely weak in all analysed scenarios. It is found that its strength decreases rapidly with the distance from the source of the magnetic flux. Its effect on trajectory of the superconductor is almost negligible. Some possibilities of increasing its strength and the effects are considered.
The Role of Cross-Silo Federated Learning in Facilitating Data Sharing in the Agri-Food Sector
Creators: name: Durrant, Aiden
name: Markovic, Milan
name: Matthews, David
name: May, David
name: Enright, Jessica
name: Leontidis, Georgios
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Data sharing remains a major hindering factor when it comes to adopting emerging AI technologies in general, but particularly in the agri-food sector. Protectiveness of data is natural in this setting; data is a precious commodity for data owners, which if used properly can provide them with useful insights on operations and processes leading to a competitive advantage. Unfortunately, novel AI technologies often require large amounts of training data in order to perform well, something that in many scenarios is unrealistic. However, recent machine learning advances, e.g. federated learning and privacy-preserving technologies, can offer a solution to this issue via providing the infrastructure and underpinning technologies needed to use data from various sources to train models without ever sharing the raw data themselves. In this paper, we propose a technical solution based on federated learning that uses decentralized data, (i.e. data that are not exchanged or shared but remain with the owners) to develop a cross-silo machine learning model that facilitates data sharing across supply chains. We focus our data sharing proposition on improving production optimization through soybean yield prediction, and provide potential use-cases that such methods can assist in other problem settings. Our results demonstrate that our approach not only performs better than each of the models trained on an individual data source, but also that data sharing in the agri-food sector can be enabled via alternatives to data exchange, whilst also helping to adopt emerging machine learning technologies to boost productivity.
description: 23 pages, 5 figures, 7 tables || Version 2 fixed typos etc
Analytic Solutions of Ultra-High Energy Cosmic Ray Nuclei Revisited
Creators: name: Ahlers, Markus
name: Taylor, Andrew M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The chemical composition of ultra-high energy cosmic rays is a key question in particle astrophysics. The measured composition, inferred from the elongation rates of cosmic ray showers, looks in general very different from the initial source composition: resonant photo-disintegration in the cosmic radiation background proceeds rapidly at the highest energies and the initial composition quickly becomes lighter during propagation. For a statistical analysis of continuously improving cosmic ray data it is desirable to know the secondary spectra as precisely as possible. Here, we discuss exact analytic solutions of the evolution equation of ultra-high energy cosmic ray nuclei. We introduce a diagrammatic formalism that leads to a systematic analytic expansion of the exact solution in terms of second order effects of the propagation. We show how the first order corrections of this expansion can improve the predictions of secondary spectra in a semi-analytical treatment.
description: 10 figures, 1 table
Existence of Taut foliations on Seifert fibered homology 3-spheres
Creators: name: Caillat-Gibert, Shanti
name: Matignon, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: General Topology (math.GN)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: This paper concerns the problem of existence of taut foliations among 3-manifolds. Since the contribution of David Gabai, we know that closed 3-manifolds with non-trivial second homology group admit a taut foliations. The essential part of this paper focuses on Seifert fibered homology 3-spheres. The result is quite different if they are integral or rational but non-integral homology 3-spheres. Concerning integral homology 3-spheres, we prove that all but the 3-sphere and the Poincaré 3-sphere admit a taut foliation. Concerning non-integral homology 3-spheres, we prove there are infinitely many which admit a taut foliation, and infinitely many without taut foliation. Moreover, we show that the geometries do not determine the existence of taut foliations on non-integral Seifert fibered homology 3-spheres.
description: 34 pages, 1 figure
New Raman scattering enhancement methods with potential for improving the detection of breath VOCs
Creators: name: Shirmohammad, Maryam
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2023

description: Raman spectroscopy is a fingerprint type analytical tool for gas analysis. Raman spectroscopy of gases is challenging due to their low number density, in addition to the intrinsically weak probabilities of Raman scattering. Incorporating enhancement techniques is essential for Raman analysis of gases. An effective enhancement technique commonly used for gas samples, is fiber enhanced Raman spectroscopy (FERS), where the intensity of spontaneous Raman scattering is enhanced by confining gas and a CW laser light inside the core of a hollow core photonic crystal fiber. The first objective of this thesis was to investigate whether single beam pulsed laser excited stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) based FERS can function as an enhancement technique for gas analysis. Therefore, a FERS system was developed with a nanosecond pulsed laser as the excitation pump. Initial studies were performed with simple gases such as H₂ and CO₂ and the results confirmed that single beam SRS-FERS results in orders of magnitude enhancement of Raman intensities from the gases. Raman intensities grow exponentially with pulse energy and gas pressure. In the next step, single beam SRS-FERS was applied to propene, a VOC (volatile organic compound) of metabolic association and measurements showed an exponential growth of Raman intensities as a function of pulse energy and gas pressure. This confirmed the potential of SRS+FERS for breath component analysis for cancer diagnosis through analysis of VOC biomarkers of breath. The second objective of this thesis was evaluating the collision between two different gas particles as an enhancement of Raman scattering intensities of analyte gas. Exploratory experiments were performed with H₂, and CO₂ mixed with He/N₂. The results were surprising as upon mixing the gases with He/N₂, the intensity of Raman scattering grew exponentially with pressure of He/N₂. Raman studies were performed with propene at a very low pressure mixed with He, and the results confirmed that indeed collision enhanced Raman scattering (CERS) functions as an ultra-efficient enhancement mechanism for analysis of trace amount gases. This novel technique can be used to improve the detection limit of Raman system significant for breath VOC analysis.
Multivariate analysis reveals shared genetic architecture of brain morphology and human behavior
Creators: name: De Vlaming, Ronald
name: Slob, Eric A. W.
name: Jansen, Philip R.
name: Dagher, Alain
name: Koellinger, Philipp D.
name: Groenen, Patrick J. F.
name: Rietveld, Cornelius A.
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021
Subjects: Article
/631/208/457
/631/208/1515
/45/43
article

description: Abstract: Human variation in brain morphology and behavior are related and highly heritable. Yet, it is largely unknown to what extent specific features of brain morphology and behavior are genetically related. Here, we introduce a computationally efficient approach for multivariate genomic-relatedness-based restricted maximum likelihood (MGREML) to estimate the genetic correlation between a large number of phenotypes simultaneously. Using individual-level data (N = 20,190) from the UK Biobank, we provide estimates of the heritability of gray-matter volume in 74 regions of interest (ROIs) in the brain and we map genetic correlations between these ROIs and health-relevant behavioral outcomes, including intelligence. We find four genetically distinct clusters in the brain that are aligned with standard anatomical subdivision in neuroscience. Behavioral traits have distinct genetic correlations with brain morphology which suggests trait-specific relevance of ROIs. These empirical results illustrate how MGREML can be used to estimate internally consistent and high-dimensional genetic correlation matrices in large datasets.
On Social-Temporal Group Query with Acquaintance Constraint
Creators: name: Yang, De-Nian
name: Chen, Yi-Ling
name: Lee, Wang-Chien
name: Chen, Ming-Syan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Three essential criteria are important for activity planning, including: (1) finding a group of attendees familiar with the initiator, (2) ensuring each attendee in the group to have tight social relations with most of the members in the group, and (3) selecting an activity period available for all attendees. Therefore, this paper proposes Social-Temporal Group Query to find the activity time and attendees with the minimum total social distance to the initiator. Moreover, this query incorporates an acquaintance constraint to avoid finding a group with mutually unfamiliar attendees. Efficient processing of the social-temporal group query is very challenging. We show that the problem is NP-hard via a proof and formulate the problem with Integer Programming. We then propose two efficient algorithms, SGSelect and STGSelect, which include effective pruning techniques and employ the idea of pivot time slots to substantially reduce the running time, for finding the optimal solutions. Experimental results indicate that the proposed algorithms are much more efficient and scalable. In the comparison of solution quality, we show that STGSelect outperforms the algorithm that represents manual coordination by the initiator.
description: VLDB2011
Asymptotic behaviors for Blackstock's model of thermoviscous flow
Creators: name: Chen, Wenhui
name: Ikehata, Ryo
name: Palmieri, Alessandro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We study a fundamental model in nonlinear acoustics, precisely, the general Blackstock's model (that is, without Becker's assumption) in the whole space $\mathbb{R}^n$. This model describes nonlinear acoustics in perfect gases under the irrotational flow. By means of the Fourier analysis we will derive $L^2$ estimates for the solution of the linear homogeneous problem and its derivatives. Then, we will apply these estimates to study three different topics: the optimality of the decay estimates in the case $n\geqslant 5$ and the optimal growth rate for the $L^2$-norm of the solution for $n=3,4$; the singular limit problem in determining the first- and second-order profiles for the solution of the linear Blackstock's model with respect to the small thermal diffusivity; the proof of the existence of global (in time) small data Sobolev solutions with suitable regularity for a nonlinear Blackstock's model.
description: Indiana Univ. Math. J. (in press)
Fault-tolerant resource estimate for quantum chemical simulations: Case study on Li-ion battery electrolyte molecules
Creators: name: Kim, Isaac H.
name: Lee, Eunseok
name: Liu, Ye-Hua
name: Pallister, Sam
name: Pol, William
name: Roberts, Sam
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We estimate the resources required in the fusion-based quantum computing scheme to simulate electrolyte molecules in Li-ion batteries on a fault-tolerant, photonic quantum computer. We focus on the molecules that can provide practical solutions to industrially relevant problems. Certain fault-tolerant operations require the use of single-qubit "magic states" prepared by dedicated "magic state factories" (MSFs). Producing and consuming magic states in parallel is typically a prohibitively expensive task, resulting in the serial application of fault-tolerant gates. However, for the systems considered, the MSF constitutes a negligible fraction of the total footprint of the quantum computer, allowing for the use of multiple MSFs to produce magic states in parallel. We suggest architectural and algorithmic techniques that can accommodate such a capability. We propose a method to consume multiple magic states simultaneously, which can potentially lead to an order of magnitude reduction in the computational runtime without additional expense in the footprint.
description: 26 pages, 10 Figures, 9 tables
Andreev reflection in ferrimagnetic CoFe2O4/SrRuO3 spin filters
Creators: name: Rigato, Franco
name: Piano, Samanta
name: Foerster, Michael
name: Giubileo, Filippo
name: Cucolo, Anna Maria
name: Fontcuberta, Josep
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have performed point contact spectroscopy measurements on a sample constituted by a metallic ferromagnetic oxide (SrRuO_3) bottom electrode and a tunnel ferrimagnetic (CoFe_2O_4) barrier. Andreev reflection is observed across the tunnel barrier. From the comparison of Andreev reflection in SrRuO3 and across the CoFe_2O_4 barrier we infer that the ferrimagnetic barrier has a spin filter efficiency not larger than +13%. The observation of a moderate and positive spin filtering is discussed in the context of the microstructure of the barriers and symmetry-related spin filtering effects.
description: 13 pages, 5 figures. To appear in Phys. Rev. B.
Collisional flavor instabilities of supernova neutrinos
Creators: name: Johns, Lucas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A lingering mystery in core-collapse supernova theory is how collective neutrino oscillations affect the dynamics. All previously identified flavor instabilities, some of which might make the effects considerable, are essentially collisionless phenomena. Here it is shown that collisional instabilities exist as well. They are associated with asymmetries between the neutrino and antineutrino interaction rates, are possibly prevalent deep inside supernovae, and pose an unusual instance of decoherent interactions with a thermal environment causing the sustained growth of quantum coherence.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures
Neurological update: COVID-19
Creators: name: Ren, A. L.
name: Digby, R. J.
name: Needham, E. J.
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021
Subjects: Neurological Update
COVID-19
Neuroimmunology
Cerebrovascular disease
Critical illness

description: Abstract: Coronavirus Disease 2019 is predominantly a disorder of the respiratory system, but neurological complications have been recognised since early in the pandemic. The major pathophysiological processes leading to neurological damage in COVID-19 are cerebrovascular disease, immunologically mediated neurological disorders and the detrimental effects of critical illness on the nervous system. It is still unclear whether direct invasion of the nervous system by the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 occurs; given the vast numbers of people infected at this point, this uncertainty suggests that nervous system infection is unlikely to represent a significant issue if it occurs at all. In this review, we explore what has been learnt about the neurological complications of COVID-19 over the course of the pandemic, and by which mechanisms these complications most commonly occur.
VCGAN: Video Colorization with Hybrid Generative Adversarial Network
Creators: name: Zhao, Yuzhi
name: Po, Lai-Man
name: Yu, Wing-Yin
name: Rehman, Yasar Abbas Ur
name: Liu, Mengyang
name: Zhang, Yujia
name: Ou, Weifeng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Multimedia (cs.MM)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We propose a hybrid recurrent Video Colorization with Hybrid Generative Adversarial Network (VCGAN), an improved approach to video colorization using end-to-end learning. The VCGAN addresses two prevalent issues in the video colorization domain: Temporal consistency and unification of colorization network and refinement network into a single architecture. To enhance colorization quality and spatiotemporal consistency, the mainstream of generator in VCGAN is assisted by two additional networks, i.e., global feature extractor and placeholder feature extractor, respectively. The global feature extractor encodes the global semantics of grayscale input to enhance colorization quality, whereas the placeholder feature extractor acts as a feedback connection to encode the semantics of the previous colorized frame in order to maintain spatiotemporal consistency. If changing the input for placeholder feature extractor as grayscale input, the hybrid VCGAN also has the potential to perform image colorization. To improve the consistency of far frames, we propose a dense long-term loss that smooths the temporal disparity of every two remote frames. Trained with colorization and temporal losses jointly, VCGAN strikes a good balance between color vividness and video continuity. Experimental results demonstrate that VCGAN produces higher-quality and temporally more consistent colorful videos than existing approaches.
description: accepted by IEEE Transactions on Multimedia (TMM)
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Year: 2021
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description: Ð ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐµ Ð¾Ð±Ð¾ÑÐ½Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð° Ð½ÐµÐ¾Ð±ÑÐ¾Ð´Ð¸Ð¼Ð¾ÑÑÑ ÑÐµÐºÐ¾Ð½ÑÑÑÑÐºÑÐ¸Ð¸ Ð¾Ð±ÑÐµÐºÑÐ¾Ð² ÑÐ²Ð¾ÑÑÐ¾Ð²Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ ÑÐ¾Ð·ÑÐ¹ÑÑÐ²Ð° ÐÐ¾Ð²Ð´Ð¾ÑÑÐºÐ¾Ð³Ð¾ Ð³Ð¾ÑÐ½Ð¾-Ð¾Ð±Ð¾Ð³Ð°ÑÐ¸ÑÐµÐ»ÑÐ½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ ÐºÐ¾Ð¼Ð±Ð¸Ð½Ð°ÑÐ°. Ð Ð°Ð·ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐ°Ð½Ñ Ð¸ Ð·Ð°Ð¿ÑÐ¾ÐµÐºÑÐ¸ÑÐ¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ñ Ð¾ÑÐ½Ð¾Ð²Ð½ÑÐµ Ð¾Ð±ÑÐµÐºÑÑ, Ð½ÐµÐ¾Ð±ÑÐ¾Ð´Ð¸Ð¼ÑÐµ Ð´Ð»Ñ Ð´Ð°Ð»ÑÐ½ÐµÐ¹ÑÐµÐ³Ð¾ Ð½Ð¾ÑÐ¼Ð°Ð»ÑÐ½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ ÑÑÐ½ÐºÑÐ¸Ð¾Ð½Ð¸ÑÐ¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ Ð¿ÑÐµÐ´Ð¿ÑÐ¸ÑÑÐ¸Ñ. Ð¢Ð°ÐºÐ¶Ðµ Ð¿ÑÐ¾Ð²ÐµÐ´ÐµÐ½ Ð°Ð½Ð°Ð»Ð¸Ð· Ð½ÐµÐºÐ¾ÑÐ¾ÑÑÑ Ð¼ÐµÑÐ¾Ð´Ð¸Ðº ÑÐ°ÑÑÐµÑÐ° Ð³Ð¸Ð´ÑÐ¾Ð°Ð±ÑÐ°Ð·Ð¸Ð²Ð½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ Ð¸Ð·Ð½Ð¾ÑÐ° Ð¿ÑÐ»ÑÐ¿Ð¾Ð²Ð¾Ð´Ð¾Ð² Ð¸ Ð¼ÐµÑÐ°Ð½Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¾Ð³Ð¾ Ð¾ÑÐ²ÐµÑÐ»ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð¿ÑÐ»ÑÐ¿Ñ Ð² Ð¿ÑÑÐ´ÐºÐµ Ð¾ÑÑÑÐ¾Ð¹Ð½Ð¸ÐºÐµ ÑÐ²Ð¾ÑÑÐ¾ÑÑÐ°Ð½Ð¸Ð»Ð¸ÑÐ°. ÐÐ¾ ÑÐµÐ·ÑÐ»ÑÑÐ°ÑÐ°Ð¼ Ð°Ð½Ð°Ð»Ð¸Ð·Ð° Ð¿ÑÐµÐ´Ð»Ð¾Ð¶ÐµÐ½Ð° ÐºÐ¾ÑÑÐµÐºÑÐ¸ÑÐ¾Ð²ÐºÐ° ÑÐ°ÑÑÐµÑÐ½ÑÑ Ð·Ð°Ð²Ð¸ÑÐ¸Ð¼Ð¾ÑÑÐµÐ¹, ÐºÐ¾ÑÐ¾ÑÐ°Ñ Ð² Ð´Ð°Ð»ÑÐ½ÐµÐ¹ÑÐµÐ¼ Ð¿Ð¾Ð´Ð»ÐµÐ¶Ð¸Ñ Ð±Ð¾Ð»ÐµÐµ Ð´ÐµÑÐ°Ð»ÑÐ½Ð¾Ð¹ Ð¿ÑÐ¾ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐºÐµ. Ð ÐºÐ°ÑÐµÑÑÐ²Ðµ ÑÐºÑÐ¿ÐµÑÐ¸Ð¼ÐµÐ½ÑÐ°Ð»ÑÐ½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ Ð¿Ð¾Ð´ÑÐ²ÐµÑÐ¶Ð´ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð¿ÑÐµÐ´Ð¿Ð¾Ð»Ð¾Ð¶ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ð¹ Ð¾ ÑÐ°ÑÐ¿ÑÐµÐ´ÐµÐ»ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ð¸ Ð¿ÑÐ»ÑÐ¿Ñ Ð¿Ð¾ Ð¿Ð»ÑÐ¶Ñ Ð½Ð°Ð¼ÑÐ²Ð° Ð±ÑÐ» Ð¿ÑÐ¾Ð¸Ð·Ð²ÐµÐ´ÐµÐ½ Ð³Ð¸Ð´ÑÐ¾Ð´Ð¸Ð½Ð°Ð¼Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¸Ð¹ ÑÐ°ÑÑÐµÑ Ñ Ð¸ÑÐ¿Ð¾Ð»ÑÐ·Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ðµ Ð¿ÑÐ¾Ð³ÑÐ°Ð¼Ð¼Ð½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ ÐºÐ¾Ð¼Ð¿Ð»ÐµÐºÑÐ° FLOW-3D.
description: The paper substantiates the need for reconstruction of the tailingâs facilities of the Kovdor mining and processing plant. The main objects necessary for the further normal functioning of the enterprise have been developed and designed. The analysis of some methods for calculating the hydro-abrasive wear of slurry pipelines and mechanical sedimentation of the slurry in the tailing pond is also carried out. Based on the analysis results, an adjustment of the calculated dependencies is proposed, which is subject to more detailed study. As an experimental confirmation of the assumptions about the distribution of the slurry along the tailing pond beach, a hydrodynamic calculation was performed using the FLOW-3D software package.
Stone space partitions indexed by a poset
Creators: name: Apps, Andrew
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Logic (math.LO)
subject: General Topology (math.GN)
subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 06E15 (Primary) 06A06 (Secondary)

description: Stone space partitions $\{X_{p}\mid p\in P\}$ satisfying conditions like $\bar{X_{p}}=\bigcup_{q\leqslant p}X_{q}$ for all $p\in P$, where $P$ is a poset or PO system (poset with a distinguished subset), arise naturally in the study both of primitive Boolean algebras and of $ω$-categorical structures. A key concept for studying such partitions is that of a $p$-trim open set which meets precisely those $X_{q}$ for which $q\geqslant p$; for Stone spaces, this is the topological equivalent of a pseudo-indecomposable set. This paper develops the theory of infinite partitions of Stone spaces indexed by a poset or PO system where the trim sets form a neighbourhood base for the topology. We study the interplay between order properties of the poset/PO system and topological properties of the partition, examine extensions and completions of such partitions, and derive necessary and sufficient conditions on the poset/PO system for the existence of the various types of partition studied. We also identify circumstances in which a second countable Stone space with a trim partition indexed by a given PO system is unique up to homeomorphism, subject to choices on the isolated point structure and boundedness of the partition elements. One corollary of our results is that there is a partition $\{X_{r}\mid r\in[0,1]\}$ of the Cantor set such that $\bar{X_{r}}=\bigcup_{s\leqslant r}X_{s}\text{ for all }r\in[0,1]$.
description: 41 pages
On emission-line spectra obtained from evolutionary synthesis models II. Scale-relations and the estimation of mass dependences
Creators: name: Villaverde, Marcos
name: Cervino, Miguel
name: Luridiana, Valentina
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Aims. In this paper we study the influence of the ionizing cluster mass on the emission line spectrum of Hii regions in order to determine the influence of low mass clusters on the integrated emission line spectra of galaxies. Methods. For this purpose, we present a grid of photoionization models that covers metallicities from Z = 0.001 to Z = 0.040, ages from 0.1 to 10 Ma (with a time step of 0.1 Ma), and cluster initial masses from 1 to 107 Mo. The stellar masses follow a Salpeter initial mass function (IMF) in an instantaneous burst mode of star formation. We obtain power-law scale-relations between emission-line luminosities and ionizing cluster masses from the grids and we evaluate the dependences on the ionizing cluster mass for some line luminosities, equivalent widths and line ratios. Results. Power-law scale-relations are shown to be useful tools to obtain robust diagnostics, as examples: (a) H?/H? ratio varies from the usually assumed value of 2.86, these variations imply the existence of a lower limit to the attainable precision in extinction estimations of ?E(B - V) ~ 0.1.; (b) EW(H?) is a good age indicator with a small dependence on cluster mass, while EW([O iii] 5007) shows a noteworthy mass dependence; (c) abundance estimations from R23 are practically unaffected by variations of the cluster mass; (d) estimations from S 23 and ?' would improve if the cluster mass dependences were considered and (e) [Oii] 3727/H? is a good star formation rate indicator for ages older than -4.5 Ma. We also show that the ionizing cluster mass dependence explains why empirical calibrations produce more reliable diagnostics of some emission lines than photoionization models grids. Finally, we show preliminary results about the contribution of low mass clusters (M < 104 Mo) to the integrated emission line spectra of galaxies, which can be as high as 80% for some relevant lines.
description: 19 pages, 10 Figs, published in A&A
Annotation of tRNA modifications genes in model organisms
Creators: name: Crecy-Lagard, Valerie De
name: Limbach, Patric
name: Ningxi Yu
name: Ross, Robert
name: Boccaletto, Pietro
name: Lowe, Todd
name: Puneet Sharma
name: Leidel, Sebastian
name: Bujnicki, Janusz
Publisher: name: F1000 Research Limited
Year: 2019

description: tRNAs are post-transcriptionally modified by chemical modifications that affect all aspects of translation. In a In this study, we set out to analyze to analyze the current status of annotation of the known Escherichia coli tRNA modifications genes in Uniprot. We also predicted the tRNA modification genes in three other model organisms: the model gram-positive Bacillus subtilis 168, the model methanogen Methanocaldococcus janaschii and in Homo sapiens.
title: ÐÐ¾Ð´ÐµÐ»Ð¸ÑÐ¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ðµ Ð¿ÑÐ¾ÑÐµÑÑÐ° ÑÐµÑÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð´Ð²ÑÑ ÑÐ°Ð·Ð½Ð¾Ð¹ Ð¶Ð¸Ð´ÐºÐ¾ÑÑÐ¸ Ð¿Ð¾ ÐºÐ°Ð½Ð°Ð»Ñ
title: Ð²ÑÐ¿ÑÑÐºÐ½Ð°Ñ ÐºÐ²Ð°Ð»Ð¸ÑÐ¸ÐºÐ°ÑÐ¸Ð¾Ð½Ð½Ð°Ñ ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐ° Ð¼Ð°Ð³Ð¸ÑÑÑÐ°
titleType: Subtitle
title: Modeling the process of a two-phase fluid flow through a pipe
Creators: name: ÐÐ°ÑÐ¸Ð»ÑÐµÐ²Ð°, ÐÐ½Ð°ÑÑÐ°ÑÐ¸Ñ
Publisher: name: Ð¡Ð°Ð½ÐºÑ-ÐÐµÑÐµÑÐ±ÑÑÐ³ÑÐºÐ¸Ð¹ Ð¿Ð¾Ð»Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐ½Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¸Ð¹ ÑÐ½Ð¸Ð²ÐµÑÑÐ¸ÑÐµÑ ÐÐµÑÑÐ° ÐÐµÐ»Ð¸ÐºÐ¾Ð³Ð¾
Year: 2021
Subjects: ÐÐ°Ð·Ð¾Ð¶Ð¸Ð´ÐºÐ¾ÑÑÐ½ÑÐµ ÑÐ¼ÐµÑÐ¸
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ÑÐ°ÑÐ¿ÑÐµÐ´ÐµÐ»ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ðµ ÐºÐ¾Ð½ÑÐµÐ½ÑÑÐ°ÑÐ¸Ð¸
horizontal pipe
sedimental law
concentration distribution

description: Ð Ð´Ð°Ð½Ð½Ð¾Ð¹ ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐµ Ð±ÑÐ»Ð° Ð¿Ð¾ÑÑÑÐ¾ÐµÐ½Ð° Ð¼Ð¾Ð´ÐµÐ»Ñ Ð³Ð¾ÑÐ¸Ð·Ð¾Ð½ÑÐ°Ð»ÑÐ½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ Ð¿ÑÑÐ¼Ð¾Ð»Ð¸Ð½ÐµÐ¹Ð½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ ÐºÐ°Ð½Ð°Ð»Ð° Ñ ÑÐµÐºÑÑÐµÐ¹ Ð¿Ð¾ Ð½ÐµÐ¼Ñ ÑÑÑÐ¿ÐµÐ½Ð·Ð¸ÐµÐ¹ Ñ ÑÑÐµÑÐ¾Ð¼ Ð¾ÑÐµÐ´Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ Ð¸ Ð¿Ð¾Ð´ÑÐµÐ¼Ð° Ð¾ÑÐµÐ²ÑÐ¸Ñ ÑÐ°ÑÑÐ¸Ñ, ÑÐ°ÐºÐ¶Ðµ Ð¿ÑÐ¾Ð²ÐµÐ´ÐµÐ½Ð° Ð²ÐµÑÐ¸ÑÐ¸ÐºÐ°ÑÐ¸Ñ Ð¼Ð¾Ð´ÐµÐ»Ð¸ Ð¸ Ð¿Ð¾Ð´Ð¾Ð±ÑÐ°Ð½Ñ Ð¿Ð°ÑÐ°Ð¼ÐµÑÑÑ Ð½Ð° Ð¾ÑÐ½Ð¾Ð²Ðµ ÑÐµÐ°Ð»ÑÐ½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ ÑÐºÑÐ¿ÐµÑÐ¸Ð¼ÐµÐ½ÑÐ°. Ð Ð°Ð·ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐ°Ð½Ð½Ð°Ñ Ð¼Ð¾Ð´ÐµÐ»Ñ Ð¼Ð¾Ð¶ÐµÑ Ð±ÑÑÑ Ð¸ÑÐ¿Ð¾Ð»ÑÐ·Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð° Ð´Ð»Ñ Ð±ÑÑÑÑÐ¾Ð¹ Ð¾ÑÐµÐ½ÐºÐ¸ Ð¾Ð±ÑÐµÐ¼Ð° Ð¾ÑÐµÐ²ÑÐ¸Ñ ÑÐ°ÑÑÐ¸Ñ Ð¸ Ð´Ð»Ñ Ð²ÑÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐºÐ¸ ÑÐµÑÐ½Ð¾Ð»Ð¾Ð³Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¸Ñ ÑÐµÐºÐ¾Ð¼ÐµÐ½Ð´Ð°ÑÐ¸Ð¹ Ð´Ð»Ñ ÑÐ¼ÐµÐ½ÑÑÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð¾ÑÐµÐ´Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ Ð² ÑÑÑÐ±Ð¾Ð¿ÑÐ¾Ð²Ð¾Ð´Ð°Ñ.
description: In this work, a model of a horizontal rectilinear channel with a suspension flowing through it was built, taking into account the subsidence and rise of settled particles, the model was also verified and the parameters were selected based on a real experiment. The developed model can be used to quickly assess the volume of settled particles and to develop technological recommendations to reduce the sedimentation in pipelines.
Catalogo dei libri di testo ticinesi conservati al Centro didattico cantonale di Massagno
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: Massagno
Year: 1991
Subjects: subject: Italian
subject: libri
subject: manuali
subject: elenco
subject: bibliografia

description: Descrizione del piccolo fondo dei libri di testo della Mediateca del CDC Massagno (circa 140 documenti). Include i libri di testo ticinesi pubblicati fino al 1970 circa.
Numerical Modelling of the Vertical Structure and Dark Halo Parameters in Disc Galaxies
Creators: name: Khoperskov, A.
name: Bizyaev, D.
name: Tiurina, N.
name: Butenko, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The non-linear dynamics of bending instability and vertical structure of a galactic stellar disc embedded into a spherical halo are studied with N-body numerical modelling. Development of the bending instability in stellar galactic disc is considered as the main factor that increases the disc thickness. Correlation between the disc vertical scale height and the halo-to-disc mass ratio is predicted from the simulations. The method of assessment of the spherical-to-disc mass ratio for edge-on spiral galaxies with small bulges is considered. Modelling of eight edge-on galaxies: NGC 891, NGC 4738, NGC 5170, UGC 6080, UGC 7321, UGC 8286, UGC 9422 and UGC 9556 is performed. Parameters of stellar discs, dark haloes and bulges are estimated. The lower limit of the dark-to-luminous mass ratio in our galaxies is of the order of 1 within the limits of their stellar discs. The dark haloes dominate by mass in the galaxies with very thin stellar discs (NGC 5170, UGC 7321 and UGC 8286).
description: Accepted by the Astronomische Nachrichten
Support and Bullying as Predictors of Adolescents' Mental Health: Findings from the HBSC Study, North Macedonia
Creators: name: Osmani Ballazhi, Sheruze
name: Neziri, Ibrahim
name: Bexheti, Luljeta
name: Sotiroska, Kalina
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: Presented at the Conference on Data Sharing and Secondary Analysis in Child and Youth Wellbeing Research, organised within the COORDINATE project, held in Zagreb from 9th to 10th December 2024. The main objective of the conference was to showcase existing efforts in secondary data analysis for research and policy development, and to discuss the benefits and challenges of data-sharing practices in the field of child and youth wellbeing.
Cycles Cross Ratio: an Invitation
Creators: name: Kisil, Vladimir V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Metric Geometry (math.MG)
subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 51M10, 51M15, 51N25, 51B10, 30F45

description: The paper introduces cycles cross ratio, which extends the classic cross ratio of four points to various settings: conformal geometry, Lie spheres geometry, etc. Just like its classic counterpart cycles cross ratio is a measure of anharmonicity between spheres with respect to inversion. It also provides a Möbius invariant distance between spheres. Many further properties of cycles cross ratio awaiting their exploration. In abstract framework the new invariant can be considered in any projective space with a bilinear pairing.
description: 10 pages, 3 PDF files in two figures, AMS-LaTeX; v2: Steiner power is linked to cross-ratio; v3: Jupyter notebook linked; v4: numerous improvements; v5: a couple of references is added; v6: minor corrections
Colour-magnitude diagrams, probabilistic synthesis models and the upper mass limit of the initial mass function
Creators: name: Cervino, Miguel
name: Perez, Enrique
name: Sanchez, Nestor
name: Roman-Zuniga, Carlos
name: Valls-Gabaud, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the underlying relations between colour-magnitude diagrams (CMDs) and synthesis models through the use of stellar luminosity distribution func- tions. CMDs studies make a direct use of the stellar luminosity distribution function while, in general, synthesis models only use its mean value, even though high-order moments can also be obtained. We show that the mean, high-order moments and in- tegrated luminosity distribution functions of stellar ensembles are related to the stellar luminosity distribution function, within the formalism of probabilistic synthesis mod- els. More details have been yet presented in Cervin ~ o & Luridiana (2006) and references therein. As a direct application of this formalism, we discuss two key issues. First, in- ferences on the upper mass limit of the initial mass function as a function of the total mass of clusters. Second, we apply extreme value theory to show that that the cluster mass obtained from normalising the IMF between mmax and mup does not provide the cluster mass in the case where only one star in this mass range is present, as assumed in the IGIMF theory. It provides instead the cluster mass with a 60% probability to have a star with mass larger than mmax, and we argue that in light of this result the basic formulation ofthe IGIMF theory must be revised.
description: 8 pages, to appear in: Have observations revealed a variable upper end of the IMF?, ASP conf. Ser