Togoperla tricolor Klapalek 1921
Creators: name: Stark, Bill P.
name: Sivec, Ignac
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2008
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Plecoptera
Perlidae
Togoperla
Togoperla tricolor

description: <i>Togoperla tricolor</i> Klapálek (Figs. 51&amp;hyphen;56, 61&amp;hyphen;62) <i>Togoperla tricolor</i> Klapálek, 1921:64. Holotype &amp;female; (BMNH), Kiu Kiang [Jiujiang], Jiangxi Province China <i>Perla chekiangensis</i> Chu, 1928:194. Holotype &amp;male; (Yenching University, lost), Lingyin Temple, Hangchow [Hangzhou], Zhejiang Province, China, syn. Sivec et al., 1988 <i>Togoperla valvulata</i> Wu, 1935:232. Holotype &amp;male; (Yenching University, lost), Hai Hui, Kiangsi [Jiangxi Province], China, syn. Sivec et al., 1988. <b>Material examined.</b> China: Kiu Kiang, 1 &amp;female; (BMNH, <i>T. tricolor</i> holotype). Fujian Province, Tachulan, 4500’, foot of Kuatun Mountain, 1&amp;hyphen;5 May 1948, J. Fu, 1 &amp;male; (USNM). <b>Adult habitus.</b> General color dark brown. Head with dark brown area covering ocelli. Pronotum, femora and wings dark brown. <b>Male.</b> Forewing length about 22 mm. T 5 produced into a truncate or slightly emarginate lobe with lateral angles projecting (Fig. 51); T 6&amp;hyphen; T 9 typical, membranous areas bearing long setae. Dorsal aspect of hemiterga short, with a prominent sulcus and broadly rounded tip; length from basal callus to hemitergal tip slightly less than length of callus; sensilla basiconica clustered on basal callus and hemitergal tips (Fig. 56). Membranous aedeagal sac coarsely armed with short thick spines in a wide band encircling mesal section of sac (Figs. 52&amp;hyphen;53); distal margin of dorsal patch strongly notched and proximal margin of dorsal patch terminating in a pair of short pointed areas. dorsolateral surface with a pair of small unarmed lobes; apical lobe cylindrical and armed with an apical patch of long thin setae; dorsobasal lobes unarmed. <b>Female.</b> Forewing length 25&amp;hyphen;32 mm. Subgenital plate parabolic, usually with a shallow apical notch or emargination. Dorsal membrane of plate with a sclerotized mesal band extending less than half the distance from margin to base (Fig. 54). Vagina swollen near midlength and strongly constricted near orifice (Fig. 55); accessory glands about half as long as vagina. <b>Egg.</b> Length 0.44&amp;hyphen;0.47 mm, width 0.31&amp;hyphen;0.32 mm. Collar absent, outline oval with broadly rounded poles (Fig. 61). Micropylar canals strongly slanted and subequatorial in position (Fig. 62). <b>Distribution.</b> Known from east China. <b>Remarks.</b> Sivec et al. (1988) considered the three species listed above as synonymous (but incorrectly placed them in the synonymyof <i>T. sinensis</i>), whereasDu &amp; Chou (1999) apparently overlooked <i>T. tricolor</i> and treated <i>T. chekiangensis</i> as the valid name with <i>T.sinensis, T. valvulata,</i> and <i>T. klapaleki</i> assynonyms.Typesfor <i>T.chekiangensis</i> and <i>T.valvulata</i> are lost butfiguresin Wu (1938) showmalesof these species to have the short wide hemiterga typical of <i>T. tricolor</i> and both are reported to have uniformly dark legs similar to those of <i>T.tricolor,</i> consequently we continue to <b>51</b> support the synonyms proposed by Sivec et al. (1988), except <i>T. tricolor</i> is recognized as the valid name. The dorsal armature pattern on the aedeagus of this species is similar to the pattern of <i>T. noncoloris</i> in having a distal V&amp;hyphen; shaped incursion of membrane, but that species has dark mesal sclerites on terga 6&amp;hyphen;9 which are not present in this species. In addition, Du &amp; Chou (1999) do not show the proximal edge of the dorsal aedeagal armature to project in the same way as in this species, and the wing pigmentation patterns also differ. <b>56</b>
description: Published as part of <i>Stark, Bill P. &amp; Sivec, Ignac, 2008, The Genus Togoperla Klapálek (Plecoptera: Perlidae), pp. 208-225 in Illiesia 4 (20)</i> on pages 220-221, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4754843
description: {"references": ["Klapalek, F. 1921. Plecopteres nouveaux. Annales de la Societe Entomologique de Belgique, 61: 57 - 67, 146 - 150, 320, 327.", "Chu, Y. T. 1928. Descriptions of a new genus and three new species of stone- flies from Hangchow. China Journal, 9: 194 - 198.", "Sivec, I., B. P. Stark &amp; S. Uchida. 1988. Synopsis of the world genera of Perlinae (Plecoptera: Perlidae). Scopolia, 16: 1 - 66.", "Wu, C. F. 1935. New species of stoneflies from east and south China. Peking Natural History Bulletin, 9: 227 - 243.", "Wu, C. F. 1938. Plecopteroum Sinensium, a monograph of the stoneflies of China (Order Plecoptera). Peking. 225 pp.", "Du, Y. &amp; I. Chou. 1999. Notes on Chinese species of the genus Togoperla Klapalek (Plecoptera: Perlidae: Perlinae). Entomotaxonomia, 21: 1 - 8."]}