Ormiophasia busckii Townsend 1919
Creators: name: Gudin, Filipe M.
name: Nihei, Silvio S.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Tachinidae
Ormiophasia
Ormiophasia busckii

description: Ormiophasia busckii Townsend, 1919
(Figs 3A, 4A, 5A, 7A, 9A, 11A, 13A, 15–16, 38A)
Ormiophasia busckii Townsend, 1919: 165 (description of female). Holotype female (USNM), examined. Type locality: Panama, Cabima.
Ormia busckii: Malloch (1929: 279; as Ormia, comments about validity of Ormiophasia, record from San José, Costa Rica); Curran (1934: 495; key to species of Ormia, record from Kartabo [Guyana]).
Ormiophasia busckii: Townsend (1931: 82; synonymy of inflata and obscura with busckii); Townsend (1938: 236; catalog, description); Sabrosky (1953: 182; catalog, record from Venezuela); Grégoire (1959: 13, 15, 18; as bushkii, misspelling, pattern of hemolymph coagulation in insects); Tavares (1964: 38, catalog; 39, key to species of Ormiophasia; 41, comparison to O. lanei; 44, comparison to O. causeyi; 47, comparison to O. costalimai; 49, comparison to O. cruzi); Guimarães (1971: 22; catalog); Evenhuis et al. (2015: 197; catalog of Townsend’s genera); Nihei (2016: 914; catalog of Diptera of Colombia, discussion of record in Colombia).
Type material examined. HOLOTYPE ♀ (Fig. 16): “ Cabima, Pan [Panama]/ May 24.11 [1911]/ August Busck [leg.]”/ “TD 4418 [handwriting]”/ “ Type / No. [blank]/ U.S.N.M.” [red label]/ “ Ormiophasia busckii T./ ♀ / Det CHTT” (USNM).
Additional material examined. Panama: 1 ♀, Arraijan, 24.vi.1952, F.S. Blanton leg. (USNM); 1 ♀, Canal Zone, Barro Colorado Island, 10.v.1926, C.T. Greene leg. (NHMUK); 1 ♀, Canal Zone, Barro Colorado Island, 31.vii.1940 [no collector] (CEIOC); 1 ♀, Canal Zone, Barro Colorado Island, 1.i.1941, Cooper leg. (USNM); 1 ♀, Canal Zone, Barro Colorado Island, 2.v.1941, Jas Zetek leg., No. 4784 (USNM); 1 ♀, Canal Zone, Barro Colorado Island, 2.v.1941, Jas Zetek leg., No. 4784 (CEIOC); 1 ♀, Canal Zone, Barro Colorado Island, x.1942, Jas Zetek leg. (USNM); 1 ♀, Canal Zone, Barro Colorado Island, 16.vi.1956, Carl W. & Marian E. Rettenmeyer leg. (USNM); 1 ♀, Canal Zone, Barro Colorado Island, 30.vi.1956, Carl W. & Marian E. Rettenmeyer leg. (USNM); 1 ♂, 9 ♀♀, Canal Zone, Barro Colorado Island, 1–9.v.1964, W.D. & S.S. Duckworth leg. (USNM); 1 ♂, 1 ♀, Canal Zone, Barro Colorado Island, 10–17.v.1964, W.D. & S.S. Duckworth leg. (USNM); 1 ♂ [dissected], 4 ♀♀ [one dissected], Canal Zone, Barro Colorado Island, 5–10.iv.1965, S.S. & W.D. Duckworth leg. (USNM); 18 ♀♀ [one dissected], Canal Zone, Barro Colorado Island, 10–20.iv.1965, S.S. & W.D. Duckworth leg. (USNM); 1 ♂ [photographed] (Figs 5A, 9A, 11A, 15A, C, E, G), Canal Zone, Barro Colorado Island, 12–14.iii.1975, R. Silberglied leg. (USNM); 1 ♀, Ca- nal Zone, Barro Colorado Island, 17.iii.1976, Silberglied & Aiello leg. (USNM); 1 ♀ [photographed] (Figs 7A, 13A, 15B, D, F), Canal Zone, Barro Colorado Island, 31.iii.1978, Silberglied & Aiello leg. (USNM); 1 ♂ [dissected], Canal Zone, Barro Colorado Island, 17.iii.1978, Silberglied & Aiello leg. (USNM); 1 ♀, Canal Zone, Barro Colo- rado Island, 22.iv.1978, Silberglied & Aiello leg. (USNM); 1 ♀, Canal Zone, Barro Colorado Island, 21.vi.1978, N.E. Woodley leg. (USNM); 2 ♀♀, Canal Zone, Navy Res., Nr. Gamboa, 29.iii.1965, S.S. & W.D. Duckworth leg. (USNM); 2 ♀♀, Cerro Campana, Nr. chica, 2–5.iv.1965, S.S. & W.D. Duckworth leg. (USNM); 1 ♀, Potrerillos, 27.i.1934, D.V. Brown leg. (USNM).
Distribution. Panama (provinces of Chiriqui, Panama and Panama Oeste).
Diagnosis. Ormiophasia busckii can be distinguished from other species of Ormiophasia by ocellar triangle bare, without setulae (Fig. 15 C–D); head with yellow pruinosity (Figs 5A, 7A); body entirely brown with base of abdomen brownish-yellow (Figs 9A, 11A, 13A); wing hyaline (Fig. 15G); dorsal surface of epandrium broad with posterior margin inclined posteriorly, higher than anterior margin (Fig. 38A); and apex of male cerci about 1/2 length of cerci, rounded in posterior view, and little more than 1/3 of cerci width, abruptly constricted. The shape of the male cerci of O. busckii is similar to that in O. tavaresi sp. nov. (Fig. 41C), but this last species can be easily distinguished by the darker body color (Figs 6E, 8D, 10E, 14D), silver pruinosity on the head, clypeus darker than frontoclypeal membrane, and anteroventral epandrial process extending well beyond ventral epandrial margin. The body color of O. obscura (Figs 9H, 11H) is similar to that of O. busckii, but O. obscura has a setulose ocellar triangle and head with silver pruinosity (Fig. 5H).
Description of male. Body length 7.68–8.41 mm (mean = 7.94 mm); wing length 7.63–8.49 mm (mean = 8 mm) (n = 6).
Coloration. Head yellow-pruinose (Fig. 5A). Frontal vitta brown. Ocellar triangle brown. Fronto-orbital plate and lunule brownish-yellow. Antenna yellowish-orange. Parafacial, gena, facial ridge, face and mouthparts brownish-yellow. Occiput brown in upper area, becoming brownish-yellow in lower area. Thorax silver-pruinose (Figs 9A, 11A). Scutum brown; presutural scutum with three silver-pruinose stripes merged posteriorly after suture. Postpronotal lobe brownish-yellow. Lateral surface of thorax brownish-yellow. Scutellum brown. Subscutellum brownish-yellow. Wing hyaline (Fig. 15G). Tegula, basicosta, veins, halter and calypteres brownish-yellow. Legs brownish-yellow. Abdomen brownish-yellow at base, becoming brown after tergite three; with silver pruinosity. Sternites brownish-yellow.
Head (Figs 5A, 15A, C). Elliptic in frontal view; ratio of head height/head width 0.80. Ocelli twice the diameter of dorsal ommatidia. Postocellar setae 3. Frontal vitta obliterated. Frontal setae 7–8, convergent, posterior ones shorter and weaker. Arista bare. First flagellomere twice length of pedicel. Face 1.5 times wider than facial ridge. Facial ridge 2.5 times wider than parafacial.
Thorax. Basisternum 0.62 times as high as wide (Fig. 15E); median upper margin rounded, subtriangular. Prosternal tympanal membrane 0.79 times as high as wide. Proepimeral setae 2–3, upcurved. Anterodorsal corner of anepisternum with 1 weak seta, about 1/2 length of first notopleural seta; posterior row with 6–9 setae. Meral setae 6–8. Wing. Subequal to body length, three times longer than wide. Basicosta subequal in width to tegula. Base of vein R 4+5 with 2 dorsal and 2–4 ventral setae. Section of vein M between crossvein dm-cu and M 1 straight. Legs. Fore femur with row of 10–11 dorsal setae and row of 12–15 posteroventral setae, distributed from base to apex. Fore tibia with row of 4 equally-spaced anterodorsal setae and 1 preapical seta. Mid femur with 2–3 basal posteroventral setae. Hind femur with row of 11–12 anterodorsal setae distributed from base to apex and 3–4 anteroventral basal setae. Hind tibia with 2–3 median posterodorsal setae and 1 preapical seta.
Terminalia (Fig. 38A). Sternite 5 subtrapezoidal; lateral distal lobes pronounced. Anteroventral epandrial process continuous with ventral epandrial margin. Dorsal surface of epandrium broad, posterior margin inclined posteriorly, higher than anterior margin; lateral ventral margin slightly curved; posterior area articulated to surstylus with closed, rounded arch. Surstylus stout, as thick as apex of cerci in lateral view; posterior outer surface covered with strong setae in upper two-thirds. Cerci: basal margin slightly curved, without a distinct median projection; apex about 1/2 total length of cerci, rounded in posterior view, thick and rounded in lateral view; apex a little more than 1/3 width of cerci in posterior view, abruptly constricted; apex with anterior surface V-shaped. Postgonite slightly curved, of same thickness over its entire length; apex rounded in lateral view.
Redescription of female. Differs from male as follows. Body length 7.54–8.43 mm (mean = 8.07 mm); wing length 8.16–9.21 mm (mean = 8.82 mm) (n = 10). Head (Figs 7A, 15B, D). Frontal vitta subequal in width to frontoorbital plate. Frontal setae 6–8, from lunule to posterior orbital proclinate seta; second or third anteriormost frontal seta stronger and subequal to subvibrissal setae. Thorax. Basisternum 0.60 times as high as wide (Fig. 15F); median upper margin rounded, subtriangular, with broad base. Prosternal tympanal membrane elliptic, 0.84 times as high as wide.
Remarks. The males were associated with the females both by being from the same locality and through body color and ocellar triangle bare. The male of O. busckii is described for the first time in the present study. In the original description, Townsend referred to O. busckii with “ocellar bristles absent” (Townsend 1919: 165). The term bristle, however, is dubious and can be associated both with setae or setulae. This confusion probably led Tavares to consider O. busckii as lacking ocellar setae in his key (Tavares 1964: 39). All Ormiophasia species have ocellar setae, but O. busckii is clearly distinguished by its bare ocellar triangle, i.e., without setulae, which can also be verified in the holotype (Fig. 16A). Regarding its distribution, Malloch (1929) recorded O. busckii in Costa Rica (San José), Curran (1934) in Guyana (Kartabo) and Sabrosky (1953) in Panama, Costa Rica and Venezuela. This information led Nihei (2016) to infer the presence of O. busckii also in Colombia. However, Ormiophasia specimens from all these localities were examined and O. busckii seems to be restricted only to Panama. About Townsend’s synonymies (Townsend 1931), O. obscura is distinct from O. busckii, as already mentioned above, and the male terminalia of O. inflata are strikingly different (Fig. 39B), which invalidates these nomenclatural acts.
description: Published as part of Gudin, Filipe M. & Nihei, Silvio S., 2019, Taxonomic revision of the Neotropical genus Ormiophasia Townsend, 1919 (Diptera: Tachinidae), with the description of eight new species, pp. 1-74 in Zootaxa 4643 (1) on pages 12-25, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4643.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4000443