cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Undominated complexes of cut polytopes
Creators: name: Abramchuk, Yauheniya
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Wahrscheinlichkeiten und angewandte Mathematik
subject: 519

description: Polytopes are basic geometric objects of fundamental importance for Linear Programming (i.e., optimization of linear functions under linear constraints). One of the most important research topic of polytope theory is its combinatorial aspect: the combinatorial structure of polytopes. This thesis is primarily concerned with the concept of the undominated set of a polytope, i.e., the set of all those points of a polytope such that there is no other different point in the polytope which is component-wise less than or equal to it. The interest in undominated sets originates in the fact that two polytopes (in the first orthant) have the same dominant if and only if their undominated sets coincide. The dominant of a polyhedron is the geometric object that is of interest when minimizing linear objective functions with nonnegative coe cients only. For such minimization problems over a polyhedron, the initial polyhedron can be replaced by another polyhedron with the same dominant but which is easier to describe, e.g. with fewer inequalities. It turns out that the undominated set of a polytope is a polyhedral complex (the undominated complex), formed by those faces that are also faces of the dominant, or, equivalently, the bounded faces of the dominant. One result we establish about the undominated complexes of general polytopes is that they are contractible. While their topological structure thus is rather simple, we provide some three-dimensional examples showing that their geometry can nevertheless look surprisingly complicated. The main part of the thesis is devoted to investigating the undominated complexes of the polytopes associated with the cuts in the complete undirected graph on nodes {1, 2, ... , n} that separate at least one of the nodes 1, 2, ... , Xi from node n. We provide characterizations of the combinatorial structures of the undominated complexes of those cut polytopes for Xi = 1, 2, 3, showing that those complexes are pure simplicial complexes of dimension n - 2, n - 1, n in these cases, respectively. We also provide a conjecture for the combinatorial structures of those complexes for general , for which a partial prove is given by the main contribution.
Additional file 1 of Physical distancing messages targeting youth on the social media accounts of Canadian public health entities and the use of behavioral change techniques
Creators: name: Dimanlig-Cruz, Sheryll
name: Han, Arum
name: Lancione, Samantha
name: Dewidar, Omar
name: Podinic, Irina
name: Kent, Monique Potvin
name: Brouwers, Melissa
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Additional file 1. Overview of Canadian PHEs. The overview of Canadian PHE levels and the number of social media accounts owned by each level.
Capturing fast motion with consumer grade unsynchronized rolling-shutter cameras
Creators: name: Chen, Xing
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2012

description: Motion capture plays an important role in a wide range of fields including film production, game industry, sports analysis and medicine. However, commercial optical motion capture systems are expensive due to their reliance on high speed high resolution cameras and accurate shutter synchronization. In the thesis, we present a technique based on continuous video exposure and stereo streak matching to do motion capture with a low cost, simple, portable and scalable setup of consumer grade cameras and LED markers. Neither shutter synchronization nor global shutters are required for geometric calibration and motion reconstruction. The system is presented in four stages, camera calibration and synchronization, streak segmentation and 2-D track extraction, stereo track matching and multi-view fusing. The system is qualitatively demonstrated through capturing human motion and fan spinning motion, and quantitatively evaluated by motions with known spatial trajectory and the rigidity of rigid moving objects.
A Phrase-Level Machine Translation Approach For Disfluency Detection Using Weighted Finite State Transducers
Creators: name: Maskey, Sameer R.
name: Zhou, Bowen
name: Gao, Yuqing
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2006
Subjects: Information technology
Computer science

description: We propose a novel algorithm to detect disfluency in speech by reformulating the problem as phrase-level statistical machine translation using weighted finite state transducers. We approach the task as translation of noisy speech to clean speech. We simplify our translation framework such that it does not require fertility and alignment models. We tested our model on the Switchboard disfluency-annotated corpus. Using an optimized decoder that is developed for phrase-based translation at IBM, we are able to detect repeats, repairs and filled pauses for more than a thousand sentences in less than a second with encouraging results. Index Terms: disfluency detection, machine translation, speech-to-speech translation.
title: Правоохранительные органы
Creators: name: ELS IPR BOOKS
Publisher: name: Северо-Кавказский федеральный университет
Year: 2023

description: Пособие (курс лекций) составлено в соответствии с требованиями самостоятельно установленного образовательного стандарта высшего образования СКФУ по направлению 40.05.01 Правовое обеспечение национальной безопасности (уровень специалитет). Утверждено на заседании кафедры правовой культуры и защиты прав человека. Протокол № 1 от 28 августа 2022 г. Предназначено для студентов, обучающихся по специальности 40.05.01 Правовое обеспечение национальной безопасности, специализации «Государственно-правовая», «Уголовно-правовая».
Detecting Emotion in Speech: Experiments in Three Domains
Creators: name: Liscombe, Jackson
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2006
Subjects: Information technology
Computer science

description: The goal of my proposed dissertation work is to help answer two fundamental questions: (1) How is emotion communicated in speech? and (2) Does emotion modeling improve spoken dialogue applications? In this paper I describe feature extraction and emotion classification experiments I have conducted and plan to conduct on three different domains: EPSaT, HMIHY, and ITSpoke. In addition, I plan to implement emotion modeling capabilities into ITSpoke and evaluate the effectiveness of doing so.
Collective excitations and the nature of Mott transition in undoped gapped graphene
Creators: name: Jafari, S. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Particle-hole continuum (PHC) for massive Dirac fermions in presence of short range interactions, provides an unprecedented opportunity for formation of two collective split-off states, one in the singlet and the other in the triplet (spin-1) channel in undoped system. Both poles are close in energy and are separated from thec continuum of free particle-hole excitations by an energy scale of the order of gap parameter $Δ$. They both disperse linearly with two different velocities reminiscent of spin-charge separation in Luttinger liquids. When the strength of Hubbard interactions is stronger than a critical value, the velocity of singlet excitation which we interpret as a charge boson composite becomes zero, and renders the system a Mott insulator. Beyond this critical point, the low-energy sector is left with a linearly dispersing triplet mode -- a characteristic of a Mott insulator. The velocity of triplet mode at the Mott criticality is twice the velocity of underlying Dirac fermions. The phase transition line in the space of $U$ and $Δ$ is in qualitative agreement with a more involved dynamical mean field theory (DMFT) calculation.
description: 4 pages, 2 figs
Additional file 2 of Physical distancing messages targeting youth on the social media accounts of Canadian public health entities and the use of behavioral change techniques
Creators: name: Dimanlig-Cruz, Sheryll
name: Han, Arum
name: Lancione, Samantha
name: Dewidar, Omar
name: Podinic, Irina
name: Kent, Monique Potvin
name: Brouwers, Melissa
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Additional file 2. Social Media Metrics of Canadian PHEs. The metrics (numbers of subscribers and followers) and URLs of social media accounts owned by the Canadian PHEs.
Infrared phonon anomaly and magnetic excitations in single-crystal Cu$_{3}$Bi(SeO$_{3}$)$_{2}$O$_{2}$Cl
Creators: name: Miller, K. H.
name: Stephens, P. W.
name: Martin, C.
name: Constable, E.
name: Lewis, R. A.
name: Berger, H.
name: Carr, G. L.
name: Tanner, D. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Infrared reflection and transmission as a function of temperature have been measured on single crystals of Cu$_{3}$Bi(SeO$_{3}$)$_{2}$O$_{2}$Cl. The complex dielectric function and optical properties along all three principal axes of the orthorhombic cell were obtained via Kramers-Kronig analysis and by fits to a Drude-Lorentz model. Below 115 K, 16 additional modes (8(E$\parallel\hat{a}$)+6(E$\parallel\hat{b}$)+2(E$\parallel\hat{c}$)) appear in the phonon spectra; however, powder x-ray diffraction measurements do not detect a new structure at 85 K. Potential explanations for the new phonon modes are discussed. Transmission in the far infrared as a function of temperature has revealed magnetic excitations originating below the magnetic ordering temperature ($T_{c}\sim$24 K). The origin of the excitations in the magnetically ordered state will be discussed in terms of their response to different polarizations of incident light, behavior in externally-applied magnetic fields, and the anisotropic magnetic properties of Cu$_{3}$Bi(SeO$_{3}$)$_{2}$O$_{2}$Cl as determined by d.c. susceptibility measurements.
description: 12 pages, 12 figures
title: How Germans prepare for the English past tense
title: silent production of inflected words during EEG
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Festman, Julia
name: Clahsen, Harald
Publisher: name: Universität Potsdam
Year: 2019

description: Processes involved in late bilinguals' production of morphologically complex words were studied using an event-related brain potentials (ERP) paradigm in which EEGs were recorded during participants' silent productions of English past- and present-tense forms. Twenty-three advanced second language speakers of English (first language [L1] German) were compared to a control group of 19 L1 English speakers from an earlier study. We found a frontocentral negativity for regular relative to irregular past-tense forms (e.g., asked vs. held) during (silent) production, and no difference for the present-tense condition (e.g., asks vs. holds), replicating the ERP effect obtained for the L1 group. This ERP effect suggests that combinatorial processing is involved in producing regular past-tense forms, in both late bilinguals and L1 speakers. We also suggest that this paradigm is a useful tool for future studies of online language production.
description: Postprints der Universität Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe, 521
Solving the Parquet Equations for the Hubbard Model beyond Weak Coupling
Creators: name: Tam, Ka-Ming
name: Fotso, H.
name: Yang, S. -X.
name: Lee, Tae-Woo
name: Moreno, J.
name: Ramanujam, J.
name: Jarrell, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We find that imposing the crossing symmetry in the iteration process considerably extends the range of convergence for solutions of the parquet equations for the Hubbard model. When the crossing symmetry is not imposed, the convergence of both simple iteration and more complicated continuous loading (homotopy) methods are limited to high temperatures and weak interactions. We modify the algorithm to impose the crossing symmetry without increasing the computational complexity. We also imposed time reversal and a subset of the point group symmetries, but they did not further improve the convergence. We elaborate the details of the latency hiding scheme which can significantly improve the performance in the computational implementation. With these modifications, stable solutions for the parquet equations can be obtained by iteration more quickly even for values of the interaction that are a significant fraction of the bandwidth and for temperatures that are much smaller than the bandwidth. This may represent a crucial step towards the solution of two-particle field theories for correlated electron models.
description: 15 pages, 12 figures
Additional file 4 of Physical distancing messages targeting youth on the social media accounts of Canadian public health entities and the use of behavioral change techniques
Creators: name: Dimanlig-Cruz, Sheryll
name: Han, Arum
name: Lancione, Samantha
name: Dewidar, Omar
name: Podinic, Irina
name: Kent, Monique Potvin
name: Brouwers, Melissa
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Additional file 4. Examples of social media posts with PD messages for youth. Screenshots of the most interactive and publicly available social media posts with PD messages for youth (4 total).
Inter-annotator agreement on a multilingual semantic annotation task
Creators: name: Passonneau, Rebecca
name: Habash, Nizar Y.
name: Rambow, Owen C.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2006
Subjects: Information technology
Computer science

description: Six sites participated in the Interlingual Annotation of Multilingual Text Corpora (IAMTC) project (Dorr et al., 2004; Farwell et al., 2004; Mitamura et al., 2004). Parsed versions of English translations of news articles in Arabic, French, Hindi, Japanese, Korean and Spanish were annotated by up to ten annotators. Their task was to match open-class lexical items (nouns, verbs, adjectives, adverbs) to one or more concepts taken from the Omega ontology (Philpot et al., 2003), and to identify theta roles for verb arguments. The annotated corpus is intended to be a resource for meaning-based approaches to machine translation. Here we discuss inter-annotator agreement for the corpus. The annotation task is characterized by annotators' freedom to select multiple concepts or roles per lexical item. As a result, the annotation categories are sets, the number of which is bounded only by the number of distinct annotator-lexical item pairs. We use a reliability metric designed to handle partial agreement between sets. The best results pertain to the part of the ontology derived from WordNet. We examine change over the course of the project, differences among annotators, and differences across parts of speech. Our results suggest a strong learning effect early in the project.
Summarizing Speech Without Text Using Hidden Markov Models
Creators: name: Hirschberg, Julia Bell
name: Maskey, Sameer R.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2006
Subjects: Information technology
Computer science

description: We present a method for summarizing speech documents without using any type of transcript/text in a Hidden Markov Model framework. The hidden variables or states in the model represent whether a sentence is to be included in a summary or not, and the acoustic/prosodic features are the observation vectors. The model predicts the optimal sequence of segments that best summarize the document. We evaluate our method by comparing the predicted summary with one generated by a human summarizer. Our results indicate that we can generate 'good' summaries even when using only acoustic/prosodic information, which points toward the possibility of text-independent summarization for spoken documents.
Vortex trimer in three-component Bose-Einstein condensates
Creators: name: Eto, Minoru
name: Nitta, Muneto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Vortex trimer is predicted in three-component Bose-Einstein condensates with internal coherent couplings. The molecule is made by three constituent vortices which are bounded by domain walls of the relative phases. We show that the shape and the size of the molecule can be controlled by changing the internal coherent couplings.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures
Additional file 1 of The role of education on Cancer amenable mortality among non-Hispanic blacks & non-Hispanic whites in the United States (1989–2018)
Creators: name: Barcelo, Alberto
name: Duffett-Leger, Linda
name: Pastor-Valero, Maria
name: Pereira, Juliana
name: Colugnati, Fernando A. B.
name: Trapido, Edward
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Adjusted amenable cancer mortality rates (X100,000) and 95% Confidence Intervals (CI) among NHW and NHB by gender and education level. United States, 1989–2018. Table S2. Adjusted amenable colon and rectum* mortality rates (X100,000) and 95% Confidence Intervals (CI) among NHW and NHB by gender and education level. United States, 1989–2018. Table S3. Adjusted amenable skin cancer* mortality rates (X100,000) and 95% Confidence Intervals (CI) among NHW and NHB by gender and education level. United States, 1989–2018. Table S4. Adjusted amenable lung and trachea cancer* mortality rates (X100,000) and 95% Confidence Intervals (CI) among NHW and NHB men by education level. United States, 1989–2018. Table S5. Adjusted amenable Hodgkin’s disease* mortality rates (X100,000) and 95% Confidence intervals (CI) among NHW and NHB by gender and education level. United States, 1989–2018. Table S6. Adjusted amenable leukemia* mortality rates (X100,000 and 95% Confidence intervals (CI) among NHW and NHB (25–74 years of age) by gender and education level. United States, 1989–2018. Table S7. Adjusted amenable testis cancer* rates (X100,000 and 95% Confidence intervals (CI) among NHW and NHB men by education level. United States, 1989–2018. Table S8. Adjusted amenable prostate cancer* mortality rates (X100,000 and 95% Confidence intervals (CI) among NHW and NHB men by education level. United States, 1989–2018. Table S9. Adjusted amenable breast cancer* mortality rates (X100,000) and 95% Confidence intervals (CI) among NHW and NHB by education level. United States, 1989–2018. Table S10. Adjusted amenable cervix cancer* mortality rates (X100,000) and 95% Confidence intervals (CI) among NHW and NHB by education level. United States, 1989–2018. Table S11. Adjusted amenable body of uterus cancer* mortality rates (X100,000) and 95% Confidence intervals (CI) among NHW and NHB female by education level. United States, 1989–2018. Table S12. Adjusted amenable other type cancers* mortality rates (X100,000) and 95% Confidence intervals (CI) among NHW and NHB by gender and education level. United States, 1989–2018.
Additional file 3 of Physical distancing messages targeting youth on the social media accounts of Canadian public health entities and the use of behavioral change techniques
Creators: name: Dimanlig-Cruz, Sheryll
name: Han, Arum
name: Lancione, Samantha
name: Dewidar, Omar
name: Podinic, Irina
name: Kent, Monique Potvin
name: Brouwers, Melissa
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Additional file 3. Number of social media posts by post type with PD messaging for youth aged 16–29 years for each PHE. Further elaborates Table 1 and shows the frequency of social media posts with PD messaging for youth by individual PHE and post type.
Measuring Agreement on Set-valued Items (MASI) for Semantic and Pragmatic Annotation
Creators: name: Passonneau, Rebecca
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2006
Subjects: Information technology
Computer science

description: Annotation projects dealing with complex semantic or pragmatic phenomena face the dilemma of creating annotation schemes that oversimplify the phenomena, or that capture distinctions conventional reliability metrics cannot measure adequately. The solution to the dilemma is to develop metrics that quantify the decisions that annotators are asked to make. This paper discusses MASI, distance metric for comparing sets, and illustrates its use in quantifying the reliability of a specific dataset. Annotations of Summary Content Units (SCUs) generate models referred to as pyramids which can be used to evaluate unseen human summaries or machine summaries. The paper presents reliability results for five pairs of pyramids created for document sets from the 2003 Document Understanding Conference (DUC). The annotators worked independently of each other. Differences between application of MASI to pyramid annotation and its previous application to co-reference annotation are discussed. In addition, it is argued that a paradigmatic reliability study should relate measures of inter-annotator agreement to independent assessments, such as significance tests of the annotated variables with respect to other phenomena. In effect, what counts as sufficiently reliable intera-annotator agreement depends on the use the annotated data will be put to.
Reverb: dynamic bookmarks for developers
Creators: name: Sawadsky, Nicholas Justin
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2012

description: The web is an increasingly important source of development-related resources, such as code examples, tutorials, and API documentation. Yet existing integrated development environments do little to assist the developer in finding and utilizing these resources. In this work, we explore how to provide useful web page recommendations to developers by focusing on the problem of refinding previously-visited web pages. We present the results of a formative study, in which we measured how often developers return to code-related web pages, and the methods they use to find those pages. Considering only revisits which occurred at least 15 minutes after the previous visit, and are therefore unlikely to be a consequence of browsing search results, we found a code-related recurrence rate of 13.7%. Only 7.4% of these code-related revisits were initiated through a bookmark of some kind, indicating the majority involved some manual effort to refind. To assist developers with code-related revisits, we developed Reverb, a tool which displays a list of dynamic bookmarks that pertain to the code visible in the editor. Reverb’s bookmarks are generated by building queries from the classes and methods referenced in the local code context and running these queries against a full-text index of the developer’s browsing history, as collected from popular browsers used. We describe Reverb’s implementation and present results from a study in which developers used Reverb while working on their own coding tasks. Our results suggest that local code context can help in making useful recommendations.
Additional file 5 of Physical distancing messages targeting youth on the social media accounts of Canadian public health entities and the use of behavioral change techniques
Creators: name: Dimanlig-Cruz, Sheryll
name: Han, Arum
name: Lancione, Samantha
name: Dewidar, Omar
name: Podinic, Irina
name: Kent, Monique Potvin
name: Brouwers, Melissa
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Additional file 5. Number of posts with one or more BCT as a function of the post type for each PHE. Further elaborates Table 3 and shows the frequency of social media posts with one or more BCT by individual PHE and post type.
Spatial contextual cueing in handball players and action video game players
Creators: name: Schmidt, Anne
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Lernpsychologie
subject: 153.1

description: Team sport athletes and action video players have shown superior performance in visuospatial attentional processing in several tasks (Mann, Williams, Ward, & Janelle, 2007; Green & Bavelier, 2003). Masters (1992) suggest that implicit learn-ing processes may allow expert performers fast and effortless performance, leading to more efficient decision-making and motor performance. However, investigation with athletes often focus on sport-specific situations (Abernethy, 1991) making it difficult to infer general underlying processes. A recent study, however, found im-proved context learning skills in athletes in a neutral, non-sport specific task with substantial visuospatial demands (Faubert, 2013). The three experiments presented in this thesis were designed to test if high-level team sport athletes or action video game players have superior context learn-ing skills. We investigated incidental context learning in visual search in order to examine the contribution of spatial context learning and search efficiency to the su-perior visuospatial performance of handball players and action video game players. To this end, we used a sport-specific pseudo 3-D contextual cueing task (search of the ball-carrying player in a playing field) and the original contextual cueing para-digm (search of a “T” among “L”-shapes; Chun & Jiang, 1998). We found comparable spatial contextual cueing of visual search in repeated displays in high-level amateur handball players, dedicated action video game play-ers and normal controls. In contrast, both handball players and action video game players needed less time to analyze the contents of a search display than controls, measured as search time per display item, independent of display repetition, reveal-ing superior attentive processing. Intercept data yield no evidence that non-search factors contribute to the contextual cueing effect for all groups. To conclude, our data do not indicate superior context learning skills in hand-ball players or action video game players. Rather, both groups showed more effi-cient visual search in abstract displays that were not related to sport-specific situa-tions.
Evaluating Data Assimilation Algorithms
Creators: name: Law, K. J. H.
name: Stuart, A. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Data assimilation leads naturally to a Bayesian formulation in which the posterior probability distribution of the system state, given the observations, plays a central conceptual role. The aim of this paper is to use this Bayesian posterior probability distribution as a gold standard against which to evaluate various commonly used data assimilation algorithms. A key aspect of geophysical data assimilation is the high dimensionality and low predictability of the computational model. With this in mind, yet with the goal of allowing an explicit and accurate computation of the posterior distribution, we study the 2D Navier-Stokes equations in a periodic geometry. We compute the posterior probability distribution by state-of-the-art statistical sampling techniques. The commonly used algorithms that we evaluate against this accurate gold standard, as quantified by comparing the relative error in reproducing its moments, are 4DVAR and a variety of sequential filtering approximations based on 3DVAR and on extended and ensemble Kalman filters. The primary conclusions are that: (i) with appropriate parameter choices, approximate filters can perform well in reproducing the mean of the desired probability distribution; (ii) however they typically perform poorly when attempting to reproduce the covariance; (iii) this poor performance is compounded by the need to modify the covariance, in order to induce stability. Thus, whilst filters can be a useful tool in predicting mean behavior, they should be viewed with caution as predictors of uncertainty. These conclusions are intrinsic to the algorithms and will not change if the model complexity is increased, for example by employing a smaller viscosity, or by using a detailed NWP model.
A WOz Variant with Contrastive Conditions
Creators: name: Levin, Esther
name: Passonneau, Rebecca
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2006
Subjects: Information technology
Computer science

description: We present a variant of the WOz paradigm we refer to as incremental ablation. The new feature involves incrementally restricting the human wizard’s capacities in the direction of a dialog system. We lay out a data collection design with six conditions of user-system and user-wizard interactions that allows us to more precisely identify how to close the communication gap between humans and systems. We describe the application of the method to analysis of contexts in which ASR errors occur, giving us a means to investigate the problem solving strategies humans would resort to if their communication channel were restricted to be more like the machine’s. We describe how we can use the methodology to collect data that is more relevant to a particular learning paradigm involving Markov Decision Processes (MDP).
Gene discovery using high-throughput phenotyping under fluctuating growth conditions and rapid identification of mutated genes
Creators: name: Heuermann, Marc Christian
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 570

description: Pflanzen evolvierten unter fluktuierenden Licht- und dynamischen Umweltbedingungen, während sich die Pflanzenforschung hauptsächlich auf die Entdeckung von Genen unter konstanten, kontrollierten Wachstumsbedingungen konzentrierte. Der Hauptteil dieser Arbeit untersuchte die Reaktion von Arabidopsis auf fluktuierendes Licht in einer genomweiten Assoziationsstudie, in der festgestellt wurde, dass Arabidopsis in Photoprotektion und Instandhaltung des Photosystems investiert, die durch Phytochrom-Signale vermittelt werden, wodurch die Größe der Pflanzen negativ beeinflusst wird. In einer unterstützenden methodischen Weiterentwicklung wurde die Leistungsfähigkeit von Mais in simulierten feldähnlichen Umgebungen in der Pflanzenkulturhalle bewertet, die sich als überlegen gegenüber einem Gewächshaus erwies, die Leistung und Entwicklungsgeschwindigkeit von Feldpflanzen nachzuahmen. Parallel dazu wurde ein schnelles Kartierungsverfahren entwickelt, um die Geschwindigkeit der Vorwärtsgenetik in Nutzpflanzen zu erhöhen. Zwei EMS-induzierte Mutationen, rezessiv und dominant, wurden in Mais durch Nachkommenprüfung von individuell sequenzierten 32 Pflanzen direkt in der M2-Generation ohne die Notwendigkeit einer Rückkreuzung identifiziert.
description: Plants evolved under fluctuating light and dynamic environmental conditions, yet plant research so far mainly focused on gene discovery under constant, controlled growth conditions. The main part of this work explored Arabidopsis’ response to fluctuating light treatment in a genome-wide association study, which found that Arabidopsis invests into photoprotection and photosystem maintenance mediated by phytochrome signaling, thus negatively affecting the size of the plants. In a supporting methodical advancement, plant performance of maize under simulated field-like environments was evaluated in the Plant Cultivation Hall, which proved to be superior to a greenhouse to mimic performance and developmental speed of field grown plants. A rapid mapping procedure was developed in parallel to speed up forward genetics in crop populations. Two EMS-induced mutations, recessive and dominant, were identified in maize by progeny testing of individually sequenced 32 plants directly in the M2 generation without the need for backcrossing.
A generalized palindromization map in free monoids
Creators: name: de Luca, Aldo
name: De Luca, Alessandro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Discrete Mathematics (cs.DM)
subject: Formal Languages and Automata Theory (cs.FL)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: G.2.1; F.4.3
subject: 68R15

description: The palindromization map $ψ$ in a free monoid $A^*$ was introduced in 1997 by the first author in the case of a binary alphabet $A$, and later extended by other authors to arbitrary alphabets. Acting on infinite words, $ψ$ generates the class of standard episturmian words, including standard Arnoux-Rauzy words. In this paper we generalize the palindromization map, starting with a given code $X$ over $A$. The new map $ψ_X$ maps $X^*$ to the set $PAL$ of palindromes of $A^*$. In this way some properties of $ψ$ are lost and some are saved in a weak form. When $X$ has a finite deciphering delay one can extend $ψ_X$ to $X^ω$, generating a class of infinite words much wider than standard episturmian words. For a finite and maximal code $X$ over $A$, we give a suitable generalization of standard Arnoux-Rauzy words, called $X$-AR words. We prove that any $X$-AR word is a morphic image of a standard Arnoux-Rauzy word and we determine some suitable linear lower and upper bounds to its factor complexity. For any code $X$ we say that $ψ_X$ is conservative when $ψ_X(X^{*})\subseteq X^{*}$. We study conservative maps $ψ_X$ and conditions on $X$ assuring that $ψ_X$ is conservative. We also investigate the special case of morphic-conservative maps $ψ_{X}$, i.e., maps such that $ϕ\circ ψ= ψ_X\circ ϕ$ for an injective morphism $ϕ$. Finally, we generalize $ψ_X$ by replacing palindromic closure with $θ$-palindromic closure, where $θ$ is any involutory antimorphism of $A^*$. This yields an extension of the class of $θ$-standard words introduced by the authors in 2006.
description: Final version, accepted for publication on Theoret. Comput. Sci
Magnetic Order in the Pyrochlore Iridates A2Ir2O7 (A = Y, Yb)
Creators: name: Disseler, S. M.
name: Dhital, Chetan
name: Amato, A.
name: Giblin, S. R.
name: de la Cruz, Clarina
name: Wilson, Stephen D.
name: Graf, M. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present results from muon spin relaxation/rotation, magnetization, neutron scattering and transport measurements on polycrystalline samples of the pyrochlore iridates Y2Ir2O7 (Y-227) and Yb2Ir2O7 (Yb-227). Well-defined spontaneous oscillations of the muon asymmetry are observed together with hysteretic behavior in magnetization below 130 K in Yb-227, indicative of commensurate long-range magnetic order. Similar oscillations are observed in Y-227 below 150 K; however the onset of hysteretic magnetization at T = 190 K indicates a transition to an intermediate state lacking long-range order as observed in Nd-227. Our results also show that insulating members of the iridate family have nearly identical magnetic ground states, and that the presence of magnetic A-site species does not play any significant role in altering the ground state properties.
REFLECTION OF THE IMAGE OF NATURE IN THE TRANSLATION OF THE NOVEL "TERRIBLE TEHRAN".
Creators: name: Asqarova, Dilobar
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: In this article, The famous novel “Terrible Tehran” and its translations into Uzbek language were analyzed and examined through examples of landscape images. The purpose of writing this article is to analyze the translations of works translated from modern Persian literature into Uzbek language, to study the achievements and shortcomings of the translator, his skills, by comparing the original and translated texts. Analytical, descriptive and comparative methods were used in this article.
On $n$-scrambled tuples and distributional chaos in a sequence
Creators: name: Li, Jian
name: Oprocha, Piotr
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 54H20, 37D45

description: The main aim of the present paper is to study relations between $n$-scrambled tuples and their attraction-adherence properties with respect to various sequences of integers. This extends previous research on relations between chaos in the sense of Li and Yorke and distributional chaos with respect to a given sequence. Moreover, we construct a system which is $n$-distributionally chaotic but not $(n+1)$-chaotic.
description: 15 pages, to appear in J DIFFER EQU APPL
Are the Dressed Gluon and Ghost Propagators in the Landau Gauge presently determined in the confinement regime of QCD?
Creators: name: Pennington, M. R.
name: Wilson, D. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Gluon and Ghost propagators in Landau gauge QCD are investigated using the Schwinger-Dyson equation approach. Working in Euclidean spacetime, we solve for these propagators using a selection of vertex inputs, initially for the ghost equation alone and then for both propagators simultaneously. The results are shown to be highly sensitive to the choices of vertices. We favor the infrared finite ghost solution from studying the ghost equation alone where we argue for a specific unique solution. In order to solve this simultaneously with the gluon using a dressed-one-loop truncation, we find that a non-trivial full ghost-gluon vertex is required in the vanishing gluon momentum limit. The self-consistent solutions we obtain correspond to having a mass-like term in the gluon propagator dressing, in agreement with similar studies supporting the long held proposal of Cornwall.
description: 15 pages, 12 figures. v2: references added and updated, minor corrections to text, Fig. 12 updated, matches journal version
Phase Transitions in Trajectories of a Superconducting Single-Electron Transistor Coupled to a Resonator
Creators: name: Genway, Sam
name: Garrahan, Juan P.
name: Lesanovsky, Igor
name: Armour, Andrew D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent progress in the study of dynamical phase transitions has been made with a large-deviation approach to study trajectories of stochastic jumps using a thermodynamic formalism. We study this method applied to an open quantum system consisting of a superconducting single-electron transistor, near the Josephson quasiparticle resonance, coupled to a resonator. We find that the dynamical behavior shown in rare trajectories can be rich even when the mean dynamical activity is small and thus the formalism gives insights into the form of fluctuations. The structure of the dynamical phase diagram found from the quantum-jump trajectories of the resonator is studied and we see that sharp transitions in the dynamical activity may be related to the appearance and disappearance of bistabilities in the state of the resonator as system parameters are changed. We also demonstrate that for a fast resonator, the trajectories of quasiparticles are similar to the resonator trajectories.
description: 13 pages, 10 figures
Affektive Interventionen in der Companion-Technologie : eine Interviewstudie zum subjektiven Erleben eines Wizard-of-Oz-Experiments
Creators: name: Wahl, Mathias
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Psychologie
subject: 158

description: Frustration, Ärger oder Enttäuschung in der Interaktion mit einem technischen System sind mögliche negative Affekte eines Nutzers, die die Bewältigung einer Aufgabe erheblich beein-trächtigen können. In der Mensch-Computer-Interaktion (HCI) werden daher gezielte Interven-tionen eines Systems, sog. affektive Interventionen, als eine Möglichkeit diskutiert, die nutzer-seitige Affektlage positiv zu beeinflussen. Die Empirie in diesem Forschungsfeld beschränkt sich bisher vornehmlich darauf, die Wirksamkeit der Interventionen zu untersuchen. Das hier dargestellte Forschungsprojekt ergänzt diese Arbeiten, indem es das subjektive nutzerseitige Erleben einer affektiven Intervention auf der Grundlage einer empirischen Studie beschreibt und zu verstehen versucht. Im Ergebnis der qualitativen Datenanalyse wurden fünf Idealtypen des Interventionserlebens erarbeitet: „Der Verärgerte“, „Der Beschämte“, „Der Unberührte“, „Der Geschmeichelte“ und „Der Entlastete“. Die Varianz dieser Typologie verdeutlicht die Notwendigkeit, Interventionen zu individualisieren, indem die Bedürfnisse, Fähigkeiten und Präferenzen des einzelnen Nutzers berücksichtigt werden. Ein entsprechendes Rahmenmodell der Interventionsgestaltung wird skizziert und fünf an den Idealtypen orientierte Interventi-onsstrategien werden vorgeschlagen. Die Dissertation ist Teil der Grundlagenforschung zur Entwicklung einer Companion-Technologie (Sonderforschungsbereich/ Transregio 62), welche Nutzer individuell und situationsadäquat unterstützen soll und künftig auch für medizinische und psychotherapeutische Kontexte relevant werden wird.
Embodied object recognition
Creators: name: Helmer, Scott
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2012

description: The ability to localize and categorize objects via imagery is central to many potential applications, including autonomous vehicles, mobile robotics, and surveillance. In this thesis we employ a probabilistic approach to show how utilizing multiple images of the same scene can improve detection. We cast the task of object detection as finding the set of objects that maximize the posterior probability given a model of the categories and a prior for their spatial arrangements. We first present an approach to detection that leverages depth data from binocular stereo by factoring classification into two terms: an independent appearance-based object classifier, and a term for the 3D shape. We overcome the missing data and the limited fidelity of stereo by focusing on the size of the object and the presence of discontinuities. We go on to demonstrate that even with off-the-shelf stereo algorithms we can significantly improve detection on two household objects, mugs and shoes, in the presence of significant background clutter and textural variation. We also present a novel method for object detection, both in 2D and in 3D, from multiple images with known extrinsic camera parameters. We show that by also inferring the 3D position of the objects we can improve object detection by incorporating size priors and reasoning about the 3D geometry of a scene. We also show that integrating information across multiple viewpoints allows us to boost weak classification responses, overcome occlusion, and reduce false positives. We demonstrate the efficacy of our approach, over single viewpoint detection, on a dataset containing mugs, bottles, bowls, and shoes in a variety of challenging scenarios.
Neutron star equilibrium configurations within a fully relativistic theory with strong, weak, electromagnetic, and gravitational interactions
Creators: name: Belvedere, Riccardo
name: Pugliese, Daniela
name: Rueda, Jorge A.
name: Ruffini, Remo
name: Xue, She-Sheng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We formulate the equations of equilibrium of neutron stars taking into account strong, weak, electromagnetic, and gravitational interactions within the framework of general relativity. The nuclear interactions are described by the exchange of the sigma, omega, and rho virtual mesons. The equilibrium conditions are given by our recently developed theoretical framework based on the Einstein-Maxwell-Thomas-Fermi equations along with the constancy of the general relativistic Fermi energies of particles, the "Klein potentials", throughout the configuration. The equations are solved numerically in the case of zero temperatures and for selected parametrization of the nuclear models. The solutions lead to a new structure of the star: a positively charged core at supranuclear densities surrounded by an electronic distribution of thickness $\sim \hbar/(m_e c)$ of opposite charge, as well as a neutral crust at lower densities. Inside the core there is a Coulomb potential well of depth $\sim m_πc^2/e$. The constancy of the Klein potentials in the transition from the core to the crust, impose the presence of an overcritical electric field $\sim (m_π/m_e)^2 E_c$, the critical field being $E_c=m^2_e c^3/(e \hbar)$. The electron chemical potential and the density decrease, in the boundary interface, until values $μ^{\rm crust}_e < μ^{\rm core}_e$ and $ρ_{\rm crust}
description: Accepted for publication in Nuclear Physics A