cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Kerr Metric, Geodesic Motion, and Flyby Anomaly in Fourth-Order Conformal Gravity
Creators: name: Varieschi, Gabriele U.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we analyze the Kerr geometry in the context of Conformal Gravity, an alternative theory of gravitation, which is a direct extension of General Relativity. Following previous studies in the literature, we introduce an explicit expression of the Kerr metric in Conformal Gravity, which naturally reduces to the standard General Relativity Kerr geometry in the absence of Conformal Gravity effects. As in the standard case, we show that the Hamilton-Jacobi equation governing geodesic motion in a space-time based on this geometry is indeed separable and that a fourth constant of motion-similar to Carter's constant-can also be introduced in Conformal Gravity. Consequently, we derive the fundamental equations of geodesic motion and show that the problem of solving these equations can be reduced to one of quadratures. In particular, we study the resulting time-like geodesics in Conformal Gravity Kerr geometry by numerically integrating the equations of motion for Earth flyby trajectories of spacecraft. We then compare our results with the existing data of the Flyby Anomaly in order to ascertain whether Conformal Gravity corrections are possibly the origin of this gravitational anomaly. Although Conformal Gravity slightly affects the trajectories of geodesic motion around a rotating spherical object, we show that these corrections are minimal and are not expected to be the origin of the Flyby Anomaly, unless conformal parameters are drastically different from current estimates. Therefore, our results confirm previous analyses, showing that modifications due to Conformal Gravity are not likely to be detected at the Solar System level, but might affect gravity at the galactic or cosmological scale.
description: Revised version: improved notation, added references, comments, and one equation. 31 pages, including 2 figures. Accepted for publication in General Relativity and Gravitation
Observation and investigation of narrow optical transitions of 167Er3+ ions in femtosecond laser printed waveguides in 7LiYF4 crystal
Creators: name: Minnegaliev, M. M.
name: Dyakonov, I. V.
name: Gerasimov, K. I.
name: Kalinkin, A. A.
name: Kulik, S. P.
name: Moiseev, S. A.
name: Yu, Saygin M.
name: Urmancheev, R. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We produced optical waveguides in the 167Er3+ :7LiYF4 crystal with diameters ranging from 30 to 100 mkm by using the depressed-cladding approach with femtosecond laser. These waveguides were studied (both inside and outside) by stationary and coherent spectroscopy on the 809 nm optical transitions between the hyperfine sublevels of 4I15/2 and 4I9/2 multiplets of 167Er3+ ions. It was found that the spectra of 167Er3+ were slightly broadened and shifted inside the waveguides compared to the bulk crystal spectra. We managed to observe a two-pulse photon echo on this transition and determined phase relaxation times for each of waveguides. The experimental results show that the created crystal waveguides doped by rare-earth ions can be used in optical quantum memory and integrated quantum schemes.
Superefficient cascade multiresonator quantum memory
Creators: name: Perminov, N. S.
name: Tarankova, D. Yu.
name: Moiseev, S. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a cascade scheme of a superefficient broadband quantum memory consisting of four high-Q ring resonators forming a controllable frequency comb and interacting with long-lived spin systems and with a common waveguide. Using the transfer function giving extended matching conditions, the optimization of all spectroscopic parameters of the system for quantum memory in the resonator is carried out. It was shown that our quantum memory scheme does not impose large restrictions on the parameters of losses in resonators and allows to achieve super high efficiency 99.99 % in a wide frequency range.
description: arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1711.07014
Atención farmacéutica a pacientes con cáncer de mama que ingresan al servicio de oncología del Hospital Universitario del Caribe de la ciudad de Cartagena durante el año 2014-2015.
Creators: name: Díaz Mulford, Ana Belén
name: Paut Quiñonez, Aury Esther
Publisher: name: Universidad de Cartagena
Year: 2015
Subjects: Neoplasma de mama - Investigaciones
Quimioterapia
Farmacoterapia

description: Tesis (Químico Farmacéutico) – Universidad de Cartagena. Facultad de Ciencias Farmacéuticas. Programa de Química Farmacéutica, 2015
description: Esta investigación se realizó con el fin de estudiar la relación existente entre la atención farmacéutica brindada en cuanto a satisfacción con el tratamiento y adherencia farmacológica a pacientes con cáncer de mama y el efecto sobre su calidad de vida.
Breuil-Mézard conjectures for central division algebras
Creators: name: Dotto, Andrea
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We formulate an analogue of the Breuil-Mézard conjecture for the group of units of a central division algebra over a $p$-adic local field, and we prove that it follows from the conjecture for $\mathrm{GL}_n$. To do so we construct a transfer of inertial types and Serre weights between the maximal compact subgroups of these two groups, in terms of Deligne-Lusztig theory, and we prove its compatibility with mod $p$ reduction, via the inertial Jacquet-Langlands correspondence and certain explicit character formulas. We also prove analogous statements for $\ell$-adic coefficients.
description: 27 pages, v2: expository changes
Selectivity gain in olfactory receptor neuron at optimal odor concentration
Creators: name: Vidybida, A. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: It has been discovered before (arXiv:2306.07676) that for the selectivity gain due to fluctuations in the process of primary odor reception by olfactory receptor neuron (ORN) there exists an optimal concentration of odors at which increased selectivity is mostly manifested. We estimate by means of numerical simulation what could be the gain value at that concentration by modeling ORN as a leaky integrate-and-fire neuron with membrane populated by receptor proteins R which bind and release odor molecules randomly. Each R is modeled as a ligand-gated ion channel, and binding-releasing is modeled as a Markov stochastic process. Possible values for the selectivity gain are calculated for ORN parameters suggested by experimental data.
 Keywords: ORN, selectivity, receptor proteins, fluctuations, stochastic process, Markov process
description: Pages: three; Tables: three; Figures: two; Refs: 15; The model code (C/C++) used is available as ancillary files in this entry. The code package includes a detailed explanation of algorithms employed, as well as how to compile and use it
Satisfiability Thresholds for Regular Occupation Problems
Creators: name: Panagiotou, Konstantinos
name: Pasch, Matija
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In the last two decades the study of random instances of constraint satisfaction problems (CSPs) has flourished across several disciplines, including computer science, mathematics and physics. The diversity of the developed methods, on the rigorous and non-rigorous side, has led to major advances regarding both the theoretical as well as the applied viewpoints. Based on a ceteris paribus approach in terms of the density evolution equations known from statistical physics, we focus on a specific prominent class of regular CSPs, the so-called occupation problems. The regular $r$-in-$k$ occupation problems resemble a basis of this class. By now, out of these CSPs only the satisfiability threshold - the largest degree for which the problem admits asymptotically a solution - for the $1$-in-$k$ occupation problem has been rigorously established. Here we determine the satisfiability threshold of the $2$-in-$k$ occupation problem for all $k$. In the proof we exploit the connection of an associated optimization problem regarding the overlap of satisfying assignements to a fixed point problem inspired by belief propagation, a message passing algorithm developed for solving such CSPs.
description: 40 pages, 3 figures, major updated: threshold established for all arities
An effective theory for QCD with an axial chemical potential
Creators: name: Andrianov, Alexander A.
name: Andrianov, Vladimir A.
name: Espriu, Domenec
name: Planells, Xumeu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the low energy realization of QCD in terms of meson fields when an axial chemical potential is present; a situation that may be relevant in heavy ion collisions. We shall demonstrate that the presence of an axial charge constitutes an explicit source of parity breaking. The eigenstates of strong interactions do not have a definite parity and interactions that would otherwise be forbidden compete with the familiar ones. In this work, we first focus on scalars and pseudoscalars that are described by a generalized linear sigma model; and next, we give some hints on how the Vector Meson Dominance model describes the vector sector.
description: 7 pages, 8 figures. Contributed to the XXI International Workshop High Energy Physics and Quantum Field Theory, Saint Petersburg, June 2013, to appear in the proceedings
Mapping Variable Ring Polymer Molecular Dynamics: A Path-Integral Based Method for Nonadiabatic Processes
Creators: name: Ananth, Nandini
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce mapping-variable ring polymer molecular dynamics (MV-RPMD), a model dynamics for the direct simulation of multi-electron processes. An extension of the RPMD idea, this method is based on an exact, imaginary time path-integral representation of the quantum Boltzmann operator using continuous Cartesian variables for both electronic states and nuclear degrees of freedom. We demonstrate the accuracy of the MV-RPMD approach in calculations of real-time, thermal correlation functions for a range of two-state single-mode model systems with different coupling strengths and asymmetries. Further, we show that the ensemble of classical trajectories employed in these simulations preserves the Boltzmann distribution and provides a direct probe into real-time coupling between electronic state transitions and nuclear dynamics.
description: 8 pages, 7 figures
CNOT gate on reverse photon modes in ring cavity
Creators: name: Andrianov, Sergey N.
name: Arslanov, Narkis M.
name: Gerasimov, Konstantin I.
name: Kalinkin, Alexander A.
name: Moiseev, Sergey A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Photon modes of reverse rotation in ring QED-cavity coupled with single atom are considered. By applying Schrieffer-Wolf transformation for the off-resonant light-atom interaction, an effective Hamiltonian of the evolution of the photon modes is obtained. Heisenberg equations for the input-output photon mode operators are written and the expression for the system wave function is found. The obtained analytical solution shows the condition of the control NOT quantum gate implementation. Possible on a chip experimental implementation and recommendations for the construction of optical quantum computer using this gate are considered.
Additional file 3 of The impact of health information technology on prescribing errors in hospitals: a systematic review and behaviour change technique analysis
Creators: name: Devin, Joan
name: Cleary, Brian J.
name: Cullinan, Shane
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 3. BCT coding manual. Description of data: Coding manual constructed for BCT analysis.
Beyond the Chinese Restaurant and Pitman-Yor processes: Statistical Models with Double Power-law Behavior
Creators: name: Ayed, Fadhel
name: Lee, Juho
name: Caron, François
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Bayesian nonparametric approaches, in particular the Pitman-Yor process and the associated two-parameter Chinese Restaurant process, have been successfully used in applications where the data exhibit a power-law behavior. Examples include natural language processing, natural images or networks. There is also growing empirical evidence that some datasets exhibit a two-regime power-law behavior: one regime for small frequencies, and a second regime, with a different exponent, for high frequencies. In this paper, we introduce a class of completely random measures which are doubly regularly-varying. Contrary to the Pitman-Yor process, we show that when completely random measures in this class are normalized to obtain random probability measures and associated random partitions, such partitions exhibit a double power-law behavior. We discuss in particular three models within this class: the beta prime process (Broderick et al. (2015, 2018), a novel process called generalized BFRY process, and a mixture construction. We derive efficient Markov chain Monte Carlo algorithms to estimate the parameters of these models. Finally, we show that the proposed models provide a better fit than the Pitman-Yor process on various datasets.
Ethnomusicology And Multicultural Music Education: Zimbabwean Children's Musical Games For The Classroom
Creators: name: Tendai Muparutsa
Publisher: name: Multicultural Education
Year: 2023
Subjects: Music Educators, Children's Musical, Games, Education

description: Music educators and ethnomusicologists can contribute to the success of multicultural music instruction by maintaining a sustained collaboration effort. The provision of simplified music and musical activities ready for use in the classroom would assist music educators. This research provides new teaching materials boosting multicultural music instruction. Growing up playing these games, these selected six activities from many choices. Zimbabweans, though a randomly selected sample, validated these activities. Cle Elum/Roslyn Elementary School in Washington and Kutandara Zimbabwean Music Camp for Children in Boulder, Colorado, successfully tested these activities. Learners got the opportunity to compare games from their own culture with those from different parts of the world. This experience brought an insatiable hunger to understand a different culture through participation. Children learned the music entirely by ear, with linguistic challenges. The music educators I worked with appreciated the availability of such music. Children led each other in their own time, playing these activities. Instead of worrying about content authenticity, music educators teach with assurance as their concerns soften. Ethnomusicology and music education should regularly interact through such collaboration, with the former sharing content for the success of multicultural instruction in general music.
Thermal Boundary Resistance Measurement and Analysis Across SiC/SiO2 Interface
Creators: name: Deng, Shichen
name: Xiao, Chengdi
name: Yuan, Jiale
name: Ma, Dengke
name: Li, Junhui
name: Yang, Nuo
name: He, Hu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Silicon Carbide (SiC) is a typical material for third-generation semiconductor. The thermal boundary resistance (TBR) of 4H-SiC/SiO2 interface, was investigated by both experimental measurements and theoretical calculations. The structure of 4H-SiC/SiO2 was characterized by using transmission electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction. The TBR is measured as 8.11*10-8 m2K/W by 3-omega method. Furthermore, the diffuse mismatch model was employed to predict the TBR of different interfaces which is in good agreement with measurements. Heat transport behavior based on phonon scattering perspective was also discussed to understand the variations of TBR across different interfaces. Besides, the intrinsic thermal conductivity of SiO2 thin films (200~1,500 nm in thickness) on 4H-SiC substrates was measured by 3 omega procedure, as 1.42 W/mK at room temperature. It is believed the presented results could provide useful insights on the thermal management and heat dissipation for SiC devices.
Directed Metric Dimension of Oriented Graphs with Cyclic Covering
Creators: name: Pancahayani, Sigit
name: Simanjuntak, Rinovia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05C12

description: Let $D$ be a strongly connected oriented graph with vertex-set $V$ and arc-set $A$. The distance from a vertex $u$ to another vertex $v$, $d(u,v)$ is the minimum length of oriented paths from $u$ to $v$. Suppose $B=\{b_1,b_2,b_3,...b_k\}$ is a nonempty ordered subset of $V$. The representation of a vertex $v$ with respect to $B$, $r(v|B)$, is defined as a vector $(d(v,b_1), d(v,b_2), ..., d(v,b_k))$. If any two distinct vertices $u,v$ satisfy $r(u|B)\neq r(v|B)$, then $B$ is said to be a resolving set of $D$. If the cardinality of $B$ is minimum then $B$ is said to be a basis of $D$ and the cardinality of $B$ is called the directed metric dimension of $D$. Let $G$ be the underlying graph of $D$ admitting a $C_n$-covering. A $C_n$-simple orientation is an orientation on $G$ such that every $C_n$ in $D$ is strongly connected. This paper deals with metric dimensions of oriented wheels, oriented fans, and amalgamation of oriented cycles, all of which admitting $C_n$-simple orientations.
description: 11 pages, 3 figures, 27th Midwest Conference on Combinatorics, Cryptography, and Computing
Costly bilingualism model in a population with one zealot
Creators: name: Hong, Hyunsuk
name: Son, Seung-Woo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We consider a costly bilingualism model in which one can take two strategies in parallel. We investigate how a single zealot triggers the cascading behavior and how the compatibility of the two strategies affects when interacting patterns change. First, the role of the interaction range on the cascading is studied by increasing the range from local to global. We find that people sometimes do not favor to take the superior strategy even though its payoff is higher than that of the inferior one. This is found to be caused by the local interactions rather than the global ones. Applying this model to social networks, we find that the location of the zealot is also important for larger cascading in heterogeneous networks.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures, 2 tables
Determinación de la concentración de insulina mediante inmunoensayos en formas farmacéuticas almacenadas por parte de pacientes ambulatorios con diabetes mellitus.
Creators: name: Jiménez Peñates, Fernando Manuel
name: Rodríguez Blanquicett, Ronny Andrés
Publisher: name: Universidad de Cartagena
Year: 2015
Subjects: Isulina
Sindrome metabólico
Diabetes mellitus tipo 1

description: Tesis (Químico Farmacéutico) – Universidad de Cartagena. Facultad de Ciencias Farmacéuticas. Programa de Química Farmacéutica, 2015
description: El objetivo del presente trabajo fue determinar la concentración de insulina en las formas farmacéuticas usadas por pacientes ambulatorios, sometidas a las condiciones de almacenamiento generadas por el paciente, mediante inmunoensayos basados en el principio de quimioluminiscencia, con la finalidad de observar la influencia de esta variable en la efectividad terapéutica.
Selection of a Minimal Number of Significant Porcine SNPs by an Information Gain and Genetic Algorithm Hybrid Model
Creators: name: Rathasamuth, Wanthanee
name: Pasupa, Kitsuchart
name: Tongsima, Sissades
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: A panel of large number of common Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) distributed across an entire porcine genome has been widely used to represent genetic variability of pig. With the advent of SNP-array technology, a genome-wide genetic profile of a specimen can be easily observed. Among the large number of such variations, there exist a much smaller subset of the SNP panel that could equally be used to correctly identify the corresponding breed. This work presents a SNP selection heuristic that can still be used effectively in the breed classification process. The proposed feature selection was done by the approach of combining a filter method and a wrapper method--information gain method and genetic algorithm--plus a feature frequency selection step, while classification was done by support vector machine. The approach was able to reduce the number of significant SNPs to 0.86 % of the total number of SNPs in a swine dataset and provided a high classification accuracy of 94.80 %.
description: 16 pages, 9 figures, preprint submitted to Malaysian Journal of Computer Science
Additional file 4 of The impact of health information technology on prescribing errors in hospitals: a systematic review and behaviour change technique analysis
Creators: name: Devin, Joan
name: Cleary, Brian J.
name: Cullinan, Shane
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 4. Supplementary information on included studies. Description of data: Table of included studies with detailed characteristics.
The Dynamics of Drop Breakup in Breaking Waves
Creators: name: Chan, Wai Hong Ronald
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Breaking surface waves generate drops of a broad range of sizes that have a significant influence on regional and global climates, as well as the identification of ship movements. Characterizing these phenomena requires a fundamental understanding of the underlying mechanisms behind drop production. The interscale nature of these mechanisms also influences the development of models that enable cost-effective computation of large-scale waves. Interscale locality implies the universality of small scales and the suitability of generic subgrid-scale (SGS) models, while interscale nonlocality points to the potential dependence of the small scales on larger-scale geometry configurations and the corresponding need for tailored SGS models instead. A recently developed analysis toolkit combining theoretical population balance models, multiphase numerical simulations, and structure-tracking algorithms is used to probe the nature of drop production and its corresponding interscale mass-transfer characteristics above the surface of breaking waves. The results from the application of this toolkit suggest that while drop breakup is a somewhat scale-nonlocal process, its interscale transfer signature suggests that it is likely capillary-dominated and thus sensitive not to the specific nature of large-scale wave breaking, but rather to the specific geometry of the parent drops.
Additional file 5 of The impact of health information technology on prescribing errors in hospitals: a systematic review and behaviour change technique analysis
Creators: name: Devin, Joan
name: Cleary, Brian J.
name: Cullinan, Shane
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 5. Risk of bias assessment. Description of data: Risk of bias assessment including Newcastle-Ottawa Scale and funnel plots.
A unified construction for series representations and finite approximations of completely random measures
Creators: name: Lee, Juho
name: Miscouridou, Xenia
name: Caron, François
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Infinite-activity completely random measures (CRMs) have become important building blocks of complex Bayesian nonparametric models. They have been successfully used in various applications such as clustering, density estimation, latent feature models, survival analysis or network science. Popular infinite-activity CRMs include the (generalized) gamma process and the (stable) beta process. However, except in some specific cases, exact simulation or scalable inference with these models is challenging and finite-dimensional approximations are often considered. In this work, we propose a general and unified framework to derive both series representations and finite-dimensional approximations of CRMs. Our framework can be seen as an extension of constructions based on size-biased sampling of Poisson point process [Perman1992]. It includes as special cases several known series representations as well as novel ones. In particular, we show that one can get novel series representations for the generalized gamma process and the stable beta process. We also provide some analysis of the truncation error.
Supplementary document for Space-Time Reconstruction for Lensless Imaging using Implicit Neural Representations - 7177403.pdf
Creators: name: Chien, Tiffany
name: Cao, Ruiming
name: Liu, Fanglin
name: Kabuli, Leyla
name: Waller, Laura
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence and Image Processing
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Supplementary information about model implementation, extra results comparisons, and method failures.
Cosmology as a CFT$_1$
Creators: name: Achour, Jibril Ben
name: Livine, Etera R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that the simplest FLRW cosmological system consisting in the homogeneous and isotropic massless Einstein-Scalar system enjoys a hidden conformal symmetry under the 1D conformal group $SL(2,\mathbb{R})$ acting as Mobius transformations in proper time. This invariance is made explicit through the mapping of FLRW cosmology onto conformal mechanics. On the one hand, we identify the corresponding conformal Noether charges, as combinations of the Hamiltonian scalar constraint, the extrinsic curvature and the 3D volume, which form a closed $sl(2,\mathbb{R})$ Lie algebra. On the other hand, this approach allows to write FLRW cosmology in terms of a AdS${}_{2}$ phase space and a Schwarzian action. Preserving this conformal structure at the quantum level fixes the ordering ambiguities in the Wheeler-de Witt quantization and allows to formulate FLRW quantum cosmology as a CFT${}_{1}$. We show that the CFT two-points correlator is realized as the overlap of the evolution in proper time of cosmological coherent wave-packets. In particular, the two-points function is built from a vacuum state which, although not conformally invariant, coincides with the cosmological vacuum annihilated by the scalar constraint. These results suggest new perspectives in classical and quantum cosmology, among which the possibility to apply the conformal bootstrap program to quantize cosmological backgrounds.
description: 44 pages, minor modifications in the introduction and discussion, as well as additional references. This version matches the one accepted in JHEP
Regularity of minimizers of autonomous convex variational integrals
Creators: name: Carozza, Menita
name: Kristensen, Jan
name: di Napoli, Antonia Passarelli
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 49N15, 49N60, 49N99

description: We establish local higher integrability and differentiability results for minimizers of variational integrals $$ \mathfrak{F}(v,Ω) = \int_Ω /! F(Dv(x)) \, dx $$ over $W^{1,p}$--Sobolev mappings $u \colon Ω\subset {\mathbb R}^n \to {\mathbb R}^N$ satisfying a Dirichlet boundary condition. The integrands $F$ are assumed to be autonomous, convex and of $(p,q)$ growth, but are otherwise not subjected to any further structure conditions, and we consider exponents in the range $1
Possible climates on terrestrial exoplanets
Creators: name: Forget, Francois
name: Leconte, Jeremy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: What kind of environment may exist on terrestrial planets around other stars? In spite of the lack of direct observations, it may not be premature to speculate on exoplanetary climates, for instance to optimize future telescopic observations, or to assess the probability of habitable worlds. To first order, climate primarily depends on 1) The atmospheric composition and the volatile inventory; 2) The incident stellar flux; 3) The tidal evolution of the planetary spin, which can notably lock a planet with a permanent night side. The atmospheric composition and mass depends on complex processes which are difficult to model: origins of volatile, atmospheric escape, geochemistry, photochemistry. We discuss physical constraints which can help us to speculate on the possible type of atmosphere, depending on the planet size, its final distance for its star and the star type. Assuming that the atmosphere is known, the possible climates can be explored using Global Climate Models analogous to the ones developed to simulate the Earth as well as the other telluric atmospheres in the solar system. Our experience with Mars, Titan and Venus suggests that realistic climate simulators can be developed by combining components like a "dynamical core", a radiative transfer solver, a parametrisation of subgrid-scale turbulence and convection, a thermal ground model, and a volatile phase change code. On this basis, we can aspire to build reliable climate predictors for exoplanets. However, whatever the accuracy of the models, predicting the actual climate regime on a specific planet will remain challenging because climate systems are affected by strong positive destabilizing feedbacks (such as runaway glaciations and runaway greenhouse effect). They can drive planets with very similar forcing and volatile inventory to completely different states.
description: In press, Proceedings of the Royal Society A 31 pages, 6 figures
Effect of the isotropic collisions with neutral hydrogen on the polarization of the CN solar molecule
Creators: name: Qutub, S.
name: Derouich, M.
name: Kalugina, Y. N.
name: Assiri, H.
name: Lique, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Our work is concerned with the case of the solar molecule CN which presents conspicuous profiles of scattering polarization. We start by calculating accurate PES for the singlet and triplet electronic ground states in order to characterize the collisions between the CN molecule in its $X \; ^2Σ$ state and the hydrogen in its ground state $^2S$. The PES are included in the Schröodinger equation to obtain the scattering matrix and the probabilities of collisions. Depolarizing collisional rate coefficients are computed in the framework of the infinite order sudden approximation for temperatures ranging from $T= 2000$ K to $T= 15000$ K. Interpretation of the results and comparison between singlet and triplet collisional rate coefficients are detailed. We show that, for typical photospheric hydrogen density ($n_{H} = 10^{15}-10^{16}$ cm$^{-3}$), the $X \; ^2Σ$ state of CN is partially or completely depolarized by isotropic collisions.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS (Accepted October 22, 2019). 23 pages, 3 tables, 13 figures
Progress toward a Soft X-ray Polarimeter
Creators: name: Marshall, Herman L.
name: Schulz, Norbert S.
name: Remlinger, Brian
name: Gentry, Eric S.
name: Windt, David L.
name: Gullikson, Eric M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We are developing instrumentation for a telescope design capable of measuring linear X-ray polarization over a broad-band using conventional spectroscopic optics. Multilayer-coated mirrors are key to this approach, being used as Bragg reflectors at the Brewster angle. By laterally grading the multilayer mirrors and matching to the dispersion of a spectrometer, one may take advantage of high multilayer reflectivities and achieve modulation factors over 50% over the entire 0.2-0.8 keV band. We present progress on laboratory work to demonstrate the capabilities of an existing laterally graded multilayer coated mirror pair. We also present plans for a suborbital rocket experiment designed to detect a polarization level of 12-17% for an active galactic nucleus in the 0.1-1.0 keV band.
description: 11 pages, 12 figures, to appear in the proceedings of the SPIE, volume 8861, on Optics for EUV, X-Ray, and Gamma-Ray Astronomy
Additional file 6 of The impact of health information technology on prescribing errors in hospitals: a systematic review and behaviour change technique analysis
Creators: name: Devin, Joan
name: Cleary, Brian J.
name: Cullinan, Shane
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 6. Supplementary BCT files. Description of data: Table of BCTs with corresponding text extracted from the relevant study, table of BCTs excluded from the taxonomy, and correlational data.
Propagation through metamaterial temporal slabs: transmission, reflection and special cases
Creators: name: Ramaccia, Davide
name: Toscano, Alessandro
name: Bilotti, Filiberto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Time-varying metamaterials are artificial materials whose electromagnetic properties change over time. Similar to a spatial medium discontinuity, a sudden change in time of the metamaterial refractive index induces the generation of a reflected and refracted light waves. The relationship between the incident and emerging fields at one temporal interface has been subject of investigation in earlier studies. Here, we extend the study to a temporal slab, i.e., a uniform homogeneous medium that is present in the whole space for a limited time. The scattering coefficients have been derived as a function of the refractive indices and application time, demonstrating that the response of the temporal slab can be controlled through the application time, which acts similarly to the electrical thickness of conventional spatial slabs. The results reported in this letter pave the way to novel devices based on temporal discontinuities, such as temporal matching networks, Bragg grating, dielectric mirrors, which exhibit zero space occupancy by exploiting the time dimension, instead of the spatial one.
Effect of a spin-active interface on proximity-induced superconductivity in topological insulators
Creators: name: Triola, Christopher
name: Rossi, E.
name: Balatsky, Alexander V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine the effect of a spin-active interface on the symmetry of proximity-induced superconducting pairing amplitudes in topological insulators. We develop a model to investigate the leading order contribution to the pairing amplitude considering 3 different kinds of spin-active interfaces: 1) those that induce spin-dependent scattering phases, 2) those that flip the spin of incident electrons, and 3) interfaces that both induce spin-dependent phases and flip the spins of incident electrons. We find that in cases (1) and (3) odd-frequency triplet pairing is induced in the TI while for case (2) no odd-frequency pairing is induced to leading order. We compare our results to those for normal metals and ferromagnetic materials finding that the nontrivial spin structure of the TI leads to qualitatively different behavior.
description: 5 pages, 1 figure
Convolutional Neural Networks based Focal Loss for Class Imbalance Problem: A Case Study of Canine Red Blood Cells Morphology Classification
Creators: name: Pasupa, Kitsuchart
name: Vatathanavaro, Supawit
name: Tungjitnob, Suchat
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Morphologies of red blood cells are normally interpreted by a pathologist. It is time-consuming and laborious. Furthermore, a misclassified red blood cell morphology will lead to false disease diagnosis and improper treatment. Thus, a decent pathologist must truly be an expert in classifying red blood cell morphology. In the past decade, many approaches have been proposed for classifying human red blood cell morphology. However, those approaches have not addressed the class imbalance problem in classification. A class imbalance problem---a problem where the numbers of samples in classes are very different---is one of the problems that can lead to a biased model towards the majority class. Due to the rarity of every type of abnormal blood cell morphology, the data from the collection process are usually imbalanced. In this study, we aimed to solve this problem specifically for classification of dog red blood cell morphology by using a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN)---a well-known deep learning technique---in conjunction with a focal loss function, adept at handling class imbalance problem. The proposed technique was conducted on a well-designed framework: two different CNNs were used to verify the effectiveness of the focal loss function and the optimal hyper-parameters were determined by 5-fold cross-validation. The experimental results show that both CNNs models augmented with the focal loss function achieved higher $F_{1}$-scores, compared to the models augmented with a conventional cross-entropy loss function that does not address class imbalance problem. In other words, the focal loss function truly enabled the CNNs models to be less biased towards the majority class than the cross-entropy did in the classification task of imbalanced dog red blood cell data.
Nonlinear inviscid damping for a class of monotone shear flows in finite channel
Creators: name: Masmoudi, Nader
name: Zhao, Weiren
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We prove the nonlinear inviscid damping for a class of monotone shear flows in $T\times [0,1]$ for initial perturbation in Gevrey-$1/s$($s>2$) class with compact support. The main idea of the proof is to use the wave operator of a slightly modified Rayleigh operator in a well chosen coordinate system.
NuSTAR observation of X-ray pulsar 1E 1145.1-6141
Creators: name: Ghising, Manoj
name: Tobrej, Mohammed
name: Rai, Binay
name: Tamang, Ruchi
name: Paul, Bikash Chandra
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we report on the hard X-ray observation of the X-ray pulsar 1E 1145.1-6141 performed with the Nuclear Spectroscopic Telescope Array mission (NuSTAR). The coherent pulsation of the source with a period of $\sim296.653\;\pm\;0.021\;s $ is detected. The source may be in the equilibrium phase, according to the most recent measurements of its pulse period. The pulse profile reveals a mild energy dependence and generally hints at a pencil-beam pattern. The pulse profile have evolved with time. The Pulse fraction is found to depend on energy with a fall in the value at $\sim 32\; keV$. The NuSTAR spectra can be approximated by a composite model with two continuum components, a blackbody emission, cut-off powerlaw, and a discrete component in the form of gaussian to account for the emission line of iron. The estimated absorbed flux of the source is $\sim6\times10^{-10}\;erg\;cm^{-2}\;s^{-1}$ which corresponds to a luminosity of $\sim5\times 10^{36}\;erg\;s^{-1}$. Pulse phase-resolved spectroscopy were performed to understand the evolution of spectral parameters with pulse phase. The estimated blackbody radius is found to be consistent with the size of the theoretical prediction.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures
Nonlinear Optical Rectennas
Creators: name: Stolz, A.
name: Berthelot, J.
name: Markey, L.
name: Francs, G. Colas des
name: Bouhelier, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce strongly-coupled optical gap antennas to interface optical radiation with current-carrying electrons at the nanoscale. The transducer relies on the nonlinear optical and electrical properties of an optical antenna operating in the tunneling regime. We discuss the underlying physical mechanisms controlling the conversion and demonstrate that a two-wire optical antenna can provide advanced optoelectronic functionalities beyond tailoring the electromagnetic response of a single emitter. Interfacing an electronic command layer with a nanoscale optical device may thus be facilitated by the optical rectennas discussed here.
Multitask Learning with Capsule Networks for Speech-to-Intent Applications
Creators: name: Poncelet, Jakob
name: Van hamme, Hugo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Audio and Speech Processing (eess.AS)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Voice controlled applications can be a great aid to society, especially for physically challenged people. However this requires robustness to all kinds of variations in speech. A spoken language understanding system that learns from interaction with and demonstrations from the user, allows the use of such a system in different settings and for different types of speech, even for deviant or impaired speech, while also allowing the user to choose a phrasing. The user gives a command and enters its intent through an interface, after which the model learns to map the speech directly to the right action. Since the effort of the user should be as low as possible, capsule networks have drawn interest due to potentially needing little training data compared to deeper neural networks. In this paper, we show how capsules can incorporate multitask learning, which often can improve the performance of a model when the task is difficult. The basic capsule network will be expanded with a regularisation to create more structure in its output: it learns to identify the speaker of the utterance by forcing the required information into the capsule vectors. To this end we move from a speaker dependent to a speaker independent setting.
description: To be published in ICASSP 2020
Local Lorentz-Symmetry Breaking and Gravity
Creators: name: Bailey, Quentin G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The lagrangian-based Standard-Model Extension framework offers a broad description of possible gravitational effects from local Lorentz violation. In this talk, I review the status of the theoretical and phenomenological work in this area. The extension of previous results in linearized gravity to the nonlinear regime is discussed.
description: 4 pages, presented at the Sixth Meeting on CPT and Lorentz Symmetry, Bloomington, Indiana, June 17-21, 2013
On Explainability in AI-Solutions: A Cross-Domain Survey
Creators: name: Anton, Simon Daniel Duque
name: Schneider, Daniel
name: Schotten, Hans Dieter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Artificial Intelligence (AI) increasingly shows its potential to outperform predicate logic algorithms and human control alike. In automatically deriving a system model, AI algorithms learn relations in data that are not detectable for humans. This great strength, however, also makes use of AI methods dubious. The more complex a model, the more difficult it is for a human to understand the reasoning for the decisions. As currently, fully automated AI algorithms are sparse, every algorithm has to provide a reasoning for human operators. For data engineers, metrics such as accuracy and sensitivity are sufficient. However, if models are interacting with non-experts, explanations have to be understandable. This work provides an extensive survey of literature on this topic, which, to a large part, consists of other surveys. The findings are mapped to ways of explaining decisions and reasons for explaining decisions. It shows that the heterogeneity of reasons and methods of and for explainability lead to individual explanatory frameworks.