cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Comment: The Essential Role of Pair Matching
Creators: name: Hill, Jennifer
name: Scott, Marc
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Comment on "The Essential Role of Pair Matching in Cluster-Randomized Experiments, with Application to the Mexican Universal Health Insurance Evaluation" [arXiv:0910.3752]
description: Published in at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/09-STS274A the Statistical Science (http://www.imstat.org/sts/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
La reparación integral de las víctimas de desplazamiento forzado por el conflicto armado, según la ley 1448 de 2011
Creators: name: Jiménez Rojas, Jorge Armando
Publisher: name: Universidad Externado de Colombia
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Víctimas - Aspectos sociales
subject: Conflicto armado - Aspectos jurídicos
subject: Juzgados - Legislación
subject: Víctimas
subject: Conflicto armado
subject: Desplazamiento forzado y reparación

description: El conflicto armado en Colombia ha dejado miles de víctimas por diferentes factores; Los más notables son el desplazamiento forzado y el despojo de bienes. La Ley 1448 de 2011, estableció derechos y mecanismos para reparar a las víctimas. El objetivo de este documento es realizar un análisis descriptivo para evaluar las limitaciones, inconsistencias o cualquier otra situación que pueda presentarse en el ejercicio por el control de las tierras o cualquier otro bien.
description: The armed conflict in Colombia has left thousands of victims for different factors; the most notable are forced displacement and the dispossession of property. Law "Ley 1448 de 2011", the government established rights and mechanisms to make repairs to the victims. The objective of this document is to carry out a descriptive analysis to evaluate the limitations, inconsistencies or any other situation that may arise in the exercise of control of the lands or any other assets that the victims were dispossessed in the country. This document also attempts to conclude whether the measures established by law are sufficient to achieve comprehensive reparation for the victims of forced displacement and dispossession of property.
Chua Circuit based on the Exponential Characteristics of Semiconductor Devices
Creators: name: Rocha, Ronilson
name: Medrano-T, Rene Orlando
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The use of non-ideal features of semiconductor devices is an interesting option for implementations of nonlinear electronic systems. This paper analyzes the Chua circuit with nonlinearity based on the exponential hyperbolic characteristics of semiconductor devices. The stability analysis using describing functions predicts the dynamics of this nonlinear system, which is corroborated by numerical investigations and experimental results. The dynamic behaviors and bifurcations of this nonlinear system are mapped in parameter space in order to create a base for studies, analyses, and designs. The dynamic behavior of the experimental high speed implementation of this version of Chua circuit differs from the expected dynamics for a conventional Chua circuit due to effects of unmodelled non-idealities of the real semiconductor devices, displaying that new and different dynamics for the Chua circuit can be obtained exploring different nonlinearities.
Análisis de los efectos de las sentencias SU257/218 y SU316/21 reconocimiento de la personería jurídica al partido político Nuevo Liberalismo y al Movimiento Político Colombia Humana
Creators: name: Gómez Cantillo, Alix María
Publisher: name: Universidad Externado de Colombia
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Sentrencias - Aspectos jurídicos
subject: Partidos políticos - Colombia
subject: Participación política - Legislación
subject: Personería jurídica
subject: Partido o movimiento político
subject: Violencia política
subject: Oposición

description: derecho que dieron origen a las Sentencias de Reconocimiento de personería jurídica al Partido Político Nuevo Liberalismo por medio de la SU257/218, por considerar que éste se vio duramente afectado por la violencia, en especial por el asesinato de su líder político Luis Carlos Galán y Rodrigo Lara Bonilla, categorizado por la Corte Suprema como crímenes de lesa humanidad. En consecuencia se presentaron circunstancias excepcionales y ajenas a la voluntad del partido dejándolo en una situación desfavorable y de desigualdad con los demás partidos políticos. A su turno, al Movimiento Político Colombia humana, quien obtuvo el el amparo de su derecho político de oposición a través del reconocimiento de su personería juridica mediante la SU316/21, como resultado de una interpretación expansiva al derecho democrático contenido en los artículos 107 y 122 constitucional. Lo anterior en el marco de la participación de Gustavo Petro en las elecciones presidenciales de 2018. Posteriormente se realizó un análisis crítico respecto a los efectos de las sentencias – inter comunis-, y a la aplicación inmoderada de los mismos por parte del Consejo Nacional Electoral.
description: Using a qualitative methodological process, the factual and legal foundations that gave rise to two Judgments recognizing the legal personality of two political movements, are hereby collected. First, Judgment SU257/218, which recognized legal personality to the Political Party ‘Nuevo Liberalismo’, found this organization to have been severely affected by violence, especially due to the murder of their political leaders, Luis Carlos Galán and Rodrigo Lara Bonilla, both qualified as crimes against humanity by the Supreme Court. Thus, exceptional circumstances arose that were beyond the Party’s control, leaving it in an unfavorable and unequal situation with respect to other political parties. Secondly, Judgment SU316/21 protected the opposition rights of the Political Movement ‘Colombia Humana’ through the recognition of their legal personality, as a result of a broad interpretation of the democratic rights provided by articles 108 y 112 of the Constitution. The aforementioned occurred within the context of Gustavo Petro’s candidacy in the 2018 presidential election. Subsequently, a critical analysis is hereby presented regarding the effects of these Judgments - inter communis -, and their overreaching application by the National Electoral Council (‘Consejo Nacional Electoral’).
El tratamiento tributario de los dividendos en el ICA según la jurisprudencia del Consejo de Estado : dividendos gravados y no gravados
Creators: name: Castro Acosta, Juan Carlos
Publisher: name: Universidad Externado de Colombia
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Derecho fiscal - Legislación
subject: Jurisprudencia - Colombia
subject: Negocios - Aspectos jurídicos
subject: ICA
subject: Hecho generador
subject: Dividendos
subject: Acto de comercio
subject: Actividad comercial
subject: Empresa

description: Al decidir casos puntuales, el Consejo de Estado ha determinado dividendos gravados y no gravados con el ICA. Antes de la sentencia de unificación consideró, en términos generales, que estaban gravados los dividendos producto del ejercicio profesional y habitual del acto de comercio previsto en el numeral 5 del artículo 20 del CCo (criterio subjetivo en la verificación del hecho generador del impuesto). Luego del fallo de unificación, el Consejo de Estado señaló que solo podían estar gravados los dividendos cuando dicho acto se desarrolla con carácter empresarial, con lo cual, intentó imponer el criterio objetivo, que ilustra los artículos 32 y 35 de la ley 14 de 1983 (se gravan actividades y no personas). Sin embargo, la empresa tiene carácter subjetivo, pues esta es, en esencia, la repetición profesional de actos de comercio, mediante una organización preestablecida, con lo cual, no se supera del todo el criterio subjetivo. Con todo, el hecho generador de ICA también se da por el ejercicio ocasional de dichos actos. Este ingrediente del aspecto temporal del elemento objetivo del hecho generador del ICA puede amparar que todo dividendo esté gravado y no sólo cuando se está en presencia de empresas inversoras en acciones.
description: When deciding specific cases, the Council of State has determined dividends taxed and not taxed with the ICA. Before the unification ruling, it was considered, in general terms, that dividends resulting from the professional and habitual exercise of the commercial act provided for in numeral 5 of article 20 of the CCo were taxed (subjective criterion in verifying the event generating the tax). After the unification ruling, the Council of State indicated that dividends could only be taxed when said act is carried out with a business nature, with which it attempted to impose the objective criterion, which illustrates articles 32 and 35 of law 14 of 1983. (activities are taxed and not people). However, the company has a subjective character, since this is, in essence, the professional repetition of commercial acts, through a pre-established organization, which does not completely overcome the subjective criterion. However, the generating event of ICA also occurs through the occasional exercise of said acts. This ingredient of the temporal aspect of the objective element of the event generating the ICA can ensure that all dividends are taxed and not only when there are companies investing in shares.
Transformación de la regla de la justicia rogada debido a la constitucionalización del ordenamiento jurídico colombiano
Creators: name: Guerra Picón, Digna María
Publisher: name: Universidad Externado de Colombia
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Derechos humanos - Aspectos sociales
subject: Actos administrativos - Legislación
subject: Sentencias - Colombia
subject: Justicia rogada
subject: Jurisdicción de lo contencioso administrativo
subject: Derecho

description: El trabajo pretende establecer cuál es el papel de la Jurisdicción de lo Contencioso Administrativo frente a la constitucionalización del derecho y si dicho proceso de transformación se contrapone a la regla de la Justicia rogada. Igualmente se pretende establecer de qué manera se ha transformado la regla de la Justicia rogada, fruto del proceso de constitucionalmente del derecho administrativo y si el abandono o la atenuación de la regla de Justicia rogada conlleva también el abandono de la congruencia de la sentencia y si el derecho administrativo colombiano, en su Interpretación y aplicación, debe guiarse por la Constitución, o es la ley; la norma que lo regula, y si se ha desplazado al Consejo de Estado como máximo tribunal de la Jurisdicción de lo Contencioso Administrativo, por la Corte Constitucional; por manera que su constitucionalización implicaría que el derecho administrativo tenga como único criterio la protección de los derechos fundamentales de rango constitucional y los precedentes constitucionales de creación por la Corte Constitucional. Lo anterior, obliga a determinar si el derecho administrativo continúa siendo irrigado por el principio de legalidad, demarcado por el honorable Consejo de Estado y la misma Corte Constitucional; o si, por el contrario, se está frente a un nuevo y único camino, guiado únicamente por la primacía de los preceptos constitucionales y los derroteros de unificación emanados de la Corte Constitucional, dejando de lado la aplicación de la ley.
A Bayesian analysis concludes beyond a reasonable doubt that SARS-CoV-2 is not a natural zoonosis but instead is laboratory derived
Creators: name: Quay MD PhD, Steven Carl
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus COVID-19 origin Bayesian analysis laboratory-acquired infection zoonosis

description: A Bayesian analysis concludes beyond a reasonable doubt that SARS-CoV-2 is not a natural zoonosis but instead is laboratory derived.
Spin Hall Effect in a Thin Pt Film
Creators: name: Nair, Rohit S.
name: Rang, Max S.
name: Kelly, Paul J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A density-functional-theory based relativistic scattering formalism is used to study charge transport through thin Pt films with room temperature lattice disorder. A Fuchs-Sondheimer specularity coefficient $p \sim 0.5$ is needed to describe the suppression of the charge current at the surface even in the absence of surface roughness. The charge current drives a spin Hall current perpendicular to the surface. Analysing the latter with a model that is universally used to interpret the spin Hall effect in thin films and layered materials, we are unable to recover values of the spin-flip diffusion length $l_{\rm sf}$ and spin Hall angle $Θ_{\rm sH}$ that we obtain for bulk Pt using the same approximations. We trace this to the boundary conditions used and develop a generalized model that takes surface effects into account. A reduced value of $Θ_{\rm sH}$ at the surface is then found to describe the first-principles transport results extremely well. The in-plane spin Hall effect is substantially enhanced at the surface.
Hybrid Paricle-in-Cell Simulations of Electromagnetic Coupling and Waves From Streaming Burst Debris
Creators: name: Keenan, Brett D.
name: Le, Ari
name: Winske, Dan
name: Stanier, Adam
name: Wetherton, Blake
name: Cowee, Misa
name: Guo, Fan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Various systems can be modeled as a point-like explosion of ionized debris into a magnetized, collisionless background plasma -- including astrophysical examples, active experiments in space, and laser-driven laboratory experiments. Debris streaming from the explosion parallel to the magnetic field may drive multiple resonant and non-resonant ion-ion beam instabilities, some of which can efficiently couple the debris energy to the background and may even support the formation of shocks. We present a large-scale hybrid (kinetic ions + fluid electrons) particle-in-cell (PIC) simulation, extending hundreds of ion inertial lengths from a 3-D explosion, that resolves these instabilities. We show that the character of these instabilities differs notably from the 1-D equivalent by the presence of unique transverse structure. Additional 2-D simulations explore how the debris beam length, width, density, and speed affect debris-background coupling, with implications for the generation of quasi-parallel shocks.
description: 21 pages, 10 figures, the article has been accepted by Physics of Plasmas (2021)
On the prescribed-time attractivity and frozen-time eigenvalues of linear time-varying systems
Creators: name: Shakouri, Amir
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: A system is called prescribed-time attractive if its solution converges at an arbitrary user-defined finite time. In this note, necessary and sufficient conditions are developed for the prescribed-time attractivity of linear time-varying (LTV) systems. It is proved that the frozen-time eigenvalues of a prescribed-time attractive LTV system have negative real parts when the time is sufficiently close to the convergence moment. This result shows that the ubiquitous singularity problem of prescribed-time attractive LTV systems can be avoided without instability effects by switching to the corresponding frozen-time system at an appropriate time. Consequently, it is proved that the time-varying state-feedback gain of a prescribed-time controller, designed for an unknown linear time-invariant system, approaches the set of stabilizing constant state-feedback gains.
description: 6 pages, 1 figure, accepted for publication in Automatica
Importance of Animal Welfare in Aquaculture: Health, Environment, and Sustainability
Creators: name: Srishti Manna
Publisher: name: The Science world a Monthly e magazine
Year: 2024

description: We celebrated my mother’s birthday at a luxurious restaurant. Amid the laughter and shared stories, my cousin, who had been on a diet, found herself in a playful argument with my aunt over a plate of prawns. “Since you’re on a diet, you won’t have these prawns, right? So much cholesterol! I’ll take these away and finish them,” my aunt teased. My cousin, with a determined look, quickly snatched the plate back, declaring, “I can leave you all but not these delicious prawns!”

This light-hearted banter sparked a deeper reflection within me about the unseen lives of these prawns and many other creatures in seafood farms. It led me to think about the broader implications of seafood safety and the importance of animal welfare in fish farming practices, i.e., aquaculture.
Ultracold molecules: new probes on the variation of fundamental constants
Creators: name: Chin, Cheng
name: Flambaum, V. V.
name: Kozlov, M. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Ultracold molecules offer brand new opportunities to probe the variation of fundamental constants with unprecedented sensitivity. This paper summarizes theoretical background and current constraints on the variation of fine structure constant and electron-to-proton mass ratio, as well as proposals and experimental efforts to measure the variations based on ultracold molecules. In particular, we describe two novel spectroscopic schemes on ultracold molecules which have greatly enhanced sensitivity to fundamental constants: resonant scattering near Feshbach resonances and spectroscopy on close-lying energy levels of ultracold molecules.
Economic Behavior under Alcohol Influence: An Experiment on Time, Risk, and Social Preferences
Creators: name: Corazzini, Luca
name: Filippin, Antonio
name: Vanin, Paolo
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2014
Subjects: SECS-P/01 Economia politica

description: We report results from an incentivized laboratory experiment to provide controlled evidence
on the causal effects of alcohol consumption on risk preferences, time perception
and altruism. Our design allows disentangling the pharmacological effects of alcohol intoxication
from those mediated by expectations, as we compare behaviors of three groups of subjects: those participating to an experiment with no reference to alcohol, those exposed to the possibility of consuming alcohol but assigned to a placebo and those having effectively
consumed alcohol. Once randomly assigned to one treatment, subjects were administered a series of consecutive economic tasks, being the sequence kept constant across treatments.
After controlling for both the willingness to pay and the potential misperception of probabilities as elicited in the experiment, we do not detect any effect of alcohol in depleting subjects’ risk tolerance. On the contrary, we find that alcohol intoxication increases impatience.
Moreover, we find that alcohol makes subjects less generous as we detect a negative relationship between the blood alcohol concentration and the amount of money donated to
NGOs.
Magnetoconductance switching in an array of oval quantum dots
Creators: name: Morfonios, Christian
name: Buchholz, Daniel
name: Schmelcher, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Employing oval shaped quantum billiards connected by quantum wires as the building blocks of a linear quantum dot array, we calculate the ballistic magnetoconductance in the linear response regime. Optimizing the geometry of the billiards, we aim at a maximal finite- over zero-field ratio of the magnetoconductance. This switching effect arises from a relative phase change of scattering states in the oval quantum dot through the applied magnetic field, which lifts a suppression of the transmission characteristic for a certain range of geometry parameters. It is shown that a sustainable switching ratio is reached for a very low field strength, which is multiplied by connecting only a second dot to the single one. The impact of disorder is addressed in the form of remote impurity scattering, which poses a temperature dependent lower bound for the switching ratio, showing that this effect should be readily observable in experiments.
description: 11 pages, 8 figures
The island trust concept : a proposed institutional arrangement to implement a policy of controlled development for the Gulf Islands of British Columbia
Creators: name: Glover, Julia Mary
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: The Gulf Islands in the Strait of Georgia are widely recognized as having unique ecological and climatic characteristics and outstanding natural beauty. The high shoreline to land area ratio of the islands and the sheltered waters of the Strait provide considerable opportunity for a variety of recreational activities. However the scenic and essentially rural environment of the islands is currently threatened by the proliferation of residential subdivisions. Existing development controls available to the seven Regional Baords having jurisdiction in the Gulf Islands study area, appear to be inadequate. The central task of this study therefore, is to propose an institutional arrangement called the Gulf Islands Trust, to implement a policy of controlled development for the islands. The observations and recommendations of the Provincial Legislature's Committee on Municipal Matters which studied the islands during 1973, were accepted as the terms of reference for this study. The methodology is as follows: 1. To document the background developments leading to the formation of provincial policy for the islands. 2. To analyze existing similar purpose land use legislation for its relevance to the Gulf Islands. 3. To prepare a model bill which defines the structure and powers of the Gulf Islands Trust. Five pieces of legislation are examined in detail: 1. U.S. Congress, Nantucket Sound Islands Trust Bill, I 97-3. 2. Hawaii, Land Use Law of 1961, as amended 1970. 3. Vermont, Environmental Control Law, 1970 (Act. No. 250 Vermont Laws). 4. Ontario, Niagara Escarpment Planning and Development Act, 1973. 5. Washington State, Shoreline Management Act of 19 7 1. These laws are analyzed on the basis of several criteria. From this analysis recommendations for an institutional arrangement are given which incorporate those structures and powers thought necessary to control development activities on the islands. At the same time the recommended provisions attempt to achieve certain objectives consistent with the normative assumptions of the author and provincial policy. The recommendations are embodied in a model bill for the Gulf Islands which describes the proposed institutional arrangement in terms of certain structures, powers, and functions. The land use laws analyzed in this study are characteristic of the trends towards increased provincial/state control over regional land use matters and the increased delegation of powers to special purpose bodies. Only some of the legislation analyzed seriously attempts to accommodate local citizen input to the decision-making process. The model bill proposed in this study includes mechanisms to protect the island environment and at the same time makes provision for the participation of individuals in the policy formulation, plan preparation, implementation and monitoring stages of the planning process.
Excluded Volume Effect in Queueing Theory
Creators: name: Yanagisawa, Daichi
name: Tomoeda, Akiyasu
name: Jiang, Rui
name: Nishinari, Katsuhiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have introduced excluded volume effect, which is an important factor to model a realistic pedestrian queue, into queueing theory. The probability distributions of pedestrian number and pedestrian waiting time in a queue have been calculated exactly. Due to time needed to close up the queue, the mean number of pedestrians increases as pedestrian arrival probability ($λ$) and leaving probability ($μ$) increase even if the ratio between them (i.e., $ρ=λ/μ$) remains constant. Furthermore, at a given $ρ$, the mean waiting time does not increase monotonically with the service time (which is inverse to $μ$), a minimum could be reached instead.
description: 4 pages, 6 figures, Submitted to JSIAM Letters
Dissecting the Red Sequence--I. Star Formation Histories of Quiescent Galaxies: The Color-Magnitude vs. the Color-Sigma Relation
Creators: name: Graves, Genevieve J.
name: Faber, S. M.
name: Schiavon, Ricardo P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use a sample of ~16,000 non-emission line galaxies from the SDSS to investigate the physical parameters underlying the well-known color-magnitude and color-sigma relations. Galaxies are sorted in terms of velocity dispersions (sigma), luminosity (L), and color, and their spectra are stacked to obtain very high S/N mean spectra for stellar population analysis. This allows us to map mean luminosity-weighted ages, [Fe/H], [Mg/H], and [Mg/Fe] in sigma-L-color space. Our first result is that there are many different red sequences, with age, [Fe/H], [Mg/H], and [Mg/Fe] showing different amounts of slope and scatter when plotted versus sigma, L, or color. These behaviors are explained if the star formation histories of the galaxies populate a two-dimensional parameter space. One parameter is the previously well-known increase in age, [Fe/H], [Mg/H], and [Mg/Fe] with sigma. In addition to this, we find systematic variations at fixed sigma, such that more luminous galaxies are younger, more Fe-rich, but have lower [Mg/Fe] than their fainter counterparts. The main sigma trends support a paradigm in which more massive galaxies form their stars more rapidly and at earlier times than less massive galaxies. The trends at fixed sigma are consistent with scatter in the duration of star formation for galaxies at a given sigma. The co-variation of stellar population properties and L residuals at fixed sigma that we present here has a number of implications: it explains the differing behavior of stellar population indicators when investigated versus sigma as compared to L, and it reveals that L is not as efficient as sigma for indicating galaxy "size" in stellar population studies.
description: 23 pages, 15 figures, Accepted to ApJ. Full resolution version available at http://www.ucolick.org/~graves/Graves_ColorMag_fullres.ps.gz
New ideas for g-2 on the lattice
Creators: name: Della Morte, Michele
name: Juttner, Andreas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using iso-spin symmetry the quark-connected and disconnected contributions to the hadronic vacuum polarisation in a theory with N_f=2 flavours can be described as independent correlation functions, respectively. We show how this allows to use twisted boundary conditions for the connected contribution in order to improve the q^2-resolution in lattice QCD. Furthermore we derive an exact relation between the connected and the disconnected contributions at NLO in chiral perturbation theory. We discuss extensions to theories with more than 2 dynamical flavours.
description: 7 pages, 1 figure, 1 table, Talk presented at The XXVII International Symposium on Lattice Field Theory, LATTICE 2009 - Peking University, Beijing, China / July 26 - 31, 2009
Role of spin orbit coupling and electron correlation in the ground state properties of 5d electronic states
Creators: name: Maiti, Kalobaran
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Electron correlation strength is predicted to be weak in 5d transition metal oxides and hence, various anomalous electronic properties observed in these systems are often attributed to the large spin-orbit interaction strength. Employing first principles approaches, we studied the electronic structure of Y2Ir2O7, which is insulating and exhibits ferromagnetic phase below 150 K. The results reveal breakdown of both the above paradigms. The role of spin-orbit interaction is found to be marginal in determining the ground state properties of Y2Ir2O7. A large electron correlation strength is required to derive the experimental bulk spectrum that is consistent with the bulk properties.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures
Variability Timescales in the M87 Jet: Signatures of E-Squared Losses, Discovery of a Quasi-period in HST-1, and the Site of TeV Flaring
Creators: name: Harris, D. E.
name: Cheung, C. C.
name: Stawarz, Lukasz
name: Biretta, J. A.
name: Perlman, E. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the variability timescales in the jet of M87 with two goals. The first is to use the rise times and decay times in the radio, ultraviolet and X-ray lightcurves of HST-1 to constrain the source size and the energy loss mechanisms affecting the relativistic electron distributions. HST-1 is the first jet knot clearly resolved from the nuclear emission by Chandra and is the site of the huge flare of 2005. We find clear evidence for a frequency-dependent decrease in the synchrotron flux being consistent with E-squared energy losses. Assuming that this behavior is predominantly caused by synchrotron cooling, we estimate a value of 0.6 mG for the average magnetic field strength of the HST-1 emission region, a value consistent with previous estimates of the equipartition field. In the process of analyzing the first derivative of the X-ray light curve of HST-1, we discovered a quasi-periodic oscillation which was most obvious in 2003 and 2004 prior to the major flare in 2005. The four cycles observed have a period of order 6 months. The second goal is to search for evidence of differences between the X-ray variability timescales of HST-1 and the unresolved nuclear region (diameter <0.6"). These features, separated by more than 60 pc, are the two chief contenders for the origin of the TeV variable emissions observed by HESS in 2005 and by MAGIC and VERITAS in 2008. The X-ray variability of the nucleus appears to be at least twice as rapid as that of the HST-1 knot. However, the shortest nuclear variability timescale we can measure from the Chandra data (<= 20 days) is still significantly longer than the shortest TeV variability of M87 reported by the HESS and MAGIC telescopes (1-2 days).
description: Accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal. 16 pages including 9 figures, some in color
Most quantum states are too entangled to be useful as computational resources
Creators: name: Gross, D.
name: Flammia, S.
name: Eisert, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is often argued that entanglement is at the root of the speedup for quantum compared to classical computation, and that one needs a sufficient amount of entanglement for this speedup to be manifest. In measurement-based quantum computing (MBQC), the need for a highly entangled initial state is particularly obvious. Defying this intuition, we show that quantum states can be too entangled to be useful for the purpose of computation. We prove that this phenomenon occurs for a dramatic majority of all states: the fraction of useful n-qubit pure states is less than exp(-n^2). Computational universality is hence a rare property in quantum states. This work highlights a new aspect of the question concerning the role entanglement plays for quantum computational speed-ups. The statements remain true if one allows for certain forms of post-selection and also cover the notion of CQ-universality. We identify scale-invariant states resulting from a MERA construction as likely candidates for physically relevant states subject to this effect.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures, replaced with final version to appear in Phys. Rev. Lett. (except for an appendix and an additional figure)
Comment: The Essential Role of Pair Matching in Cluster-Randomized Experiments, with Application to the Mexican Universal Health Insurance Evaluation
Creators: name: Zhang, Kai
name: Small, Dylan S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Comment on ``The Essential Role of Pair Matching in Cluster-Randomized Experiments, with Application to the Mexican Universal Health Insurance Evaluation'' [arXiv:0910.3752]
description: Published in at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/09-STS274B the Statistical Science (http://www.imstat.org/sts/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
The MiniBooNE anomaly, the decay Ds -> mu+nu and heavy sterile neutrino
Creators: name: Gninenko, S. N.
name: Gorbunov, D. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It has been recently suggested that the anomalous excess of low-energy electron-like events observed by the MiniBooNE experiment, could be explained by the radiative decay of a heavy sterile neutrino nu_h of the mass around 500 MeV with a muonic mixing strength in the range |U_{μh}|^2 \simeq (1-4)\times 10^{-3}. If such nu_h exists its admixtures in the decay Ds -> mu+nu would result in the decay Ds -> mu+nu_h with the branching fraction \simeq (1.2-5.5)\times 10^{-4}, which is in the experimentally accessible range. Interestingly, the existence of the Ds -> mu+nu_h decay at this level may also explain why the currently measured decay rate of Ds -> mu+nu is slightly higher than the predicted one. This enhances motivation for a sensitive search for this decay mode and makes it interesting and complementary to neutrino experiments probing sterile-active neutrino mixing. Considering, as an example the CLEO-c experiment, we suggest to perform a search for the decay Ds -> mu+nu_h with the analysis of existing data. The discrepancy between the measurements and theoretical description of the decay Ds -> tau+nu is also discussed in brief.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures
Vorticity of IGM Velocity Field on Large Scales
Creators: name: Zhu, Weishan
name: Feng, Long-Long
name: Fang, Li-Zhi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the vorticity of the IGM velocity field on large scales with cosmological hydrodynamic simulation of the concordance model of LCDM. We show that the vorticity field is significantly increasing with time as it can effectively be generated by shocks and complex structures in the IGM. Therefore, the vorticity field is an effective tool to reveal the nonlinear behavior of the IGM, especially the formation and evolution of turbulence in the IGM. We find that the vorticity field does not follow the filaments and sheets structures of underlying dark matter density field and shows highly non- Gaussian and intermittent features. The power spectrum of the vorticity field is used to measure the development of turbulence in Fourier space. We show that the relation between the power spectra of vorticity and velocity fields is perfectly in agreement with the prediction of a fully developed homogeneous and isotropic turbulence from 0.2 to 3 h^{-1} Mpc at z~0. This indicates that cosmic baryonic field is in the state of fully developed turbulence on scales less than about 3 h^{-1} Mpc. The random field of the turbulent fluid yields turbulent pressure to prevent the gravitational collapsing of the IGM. The vorticity and turbulent pressure are strong inside and even outside of high density regions. In IGM regions with 10 times mean overdensity, the turbulent pressure can be on an average equivalent to the thermal pressure of the baryonic gas with a temperature of 10^5 K. The fully developed turbulence would prevent the baryons in the IGM from falling into the gravitational well of dark matter halos. Moreover, turbulent pressure is dynamical and non-thermal, which makes it different from pre-heating mechanism as it does not affect the thermal state and ionizing process of hydrogen in the IGM.
description: 27 pages, 10 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ
Consistency of the Adiabatic Theorem
Creators: name: Amin, M. H. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The adiabatic theorem provides the basis for the adiabatic model of quantum computation. Recently the conditions required for the adiabatic theorem to hold have become a subject of some controversy. Here we show that the reported violations of the adiabatic theorem all arise from resonant transitions between energy levels. In the absence of fast driven oscillations the traditional adiabatic theorem holds. Implications for adiabatic quantum computation is discussed.
description: 4 pages, version to appear in PRL
A landscape approach to land classification and evaluation for regional land use planning, southern Okanagan Valley, British Columbia
Creators: name: Hawes, Robert Alan
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: This study is concerned with the problem of environmental data collection, interpretation and presentation for regional land use planning. A landscape classification was carried out for the watershed of the southern Okakagan Valley by collecting and integrating data on surficial deposits, vegetation, soil and bedrock geology. Thirty nine land systems are described and mapped, and shown on a base map at a scale of 1:125,000. The land systems are relatively homogeneous landscape units, characterized by a particular landform (or patterns of landforms) with associated vegetation and soil. Interpretive guidelines were developed for determining the suitability of the land systems for selected engineering (urban development), recreation and wildlife interpretations. The interpretive guidelines with the derived suitability ratings provide planning information for the region, show how the classification system can assist regional land use planning and form a framework for similar studies in other areas. Methods of data presentation were used to facilitate the understanding and application of this information by planners, technical experts,scientists and the concerned public. Specifically this was accomplished through the use of an expanded legend, stereo-pair and colour photographs, and by having separate sections for referencing information. The methods used in this study provide a rapid and relatively inexpensive framework for collecting, presenting and interpreting environmental baseline information. The information can be of valuable assistance to technical and non-technical people in the land use planning and decision making processes.
The Measure-theoretic Identity Underlying Transient Fluctuation Theorems
Creators: name: Shargel, Benjamin Hertz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 60G02

description: We prove a measure-theoretic identity that underlies all transient fluctuation theorems (TFTs) for entropy production and dissipated work in inhomogeneous deterministic and stochastic processes, including those of Evans and Searles, Crooks, and Seifert. The identity is used to deduce a tautological physical interpretation of TFTs in terms of the arrow of time, and its generality reveals that the self-inverse nature of the various trajectory and process transformations historically relied upon to prove TFTs, while necessary for these theorems from a physical standpoint, is not necessary from a mathematical one. The moment generating functions of thermodynamic variables appearing in the identity are shown to converge in general only in a vertical strip in the complex plane, with the consequence that a TFT that holds over arbitrary timescales may fail to give rise to an asymptotic fluctuation theorem for any possible speed of the corresponding large deviation principle. The case of strongly biased birth-death chains is presented to illustrate this phenomenon. We also discuss insights obtained from our measure-theoretic formalism into the results of Saha et. al. on the breakdown of TFTs for driven Brownian particles.
The luminosity function of galaxies to $M_{BgVriz} \sim -14$ in $z \sim 0.3$ clusters
Creators: name: Harsono, Daniel
name: De Propris, Roberto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present deep composite luminosity functions in $B$, $g$, $V$, $r$, $i$ and $z$ for six clusters at $0.14 < z < 0.40$ observed with the Hubble Space Telescope Advanced Camera for Surveys. The luminosity functions reach to absolute magnitude of $\sim -14 + 5\log h$ mag. and are well fitted by a single Schechter function with $M^*_{BgVriz}=-19.8, -20.9 -21.9, -22.0, -21.7, -22.3$ mag. and $α\sim -1.3$ (in all bands). The observations suggest that the galaxy luminosity function is dominated by objects on the red sequence to at least 6 mags. below the $L^*$ point. Comparison with local data shows that the red sequence is well established at least at $z \sim 0.3$ down to $\sim 1/600^{th}$ of the luminosity of the Milky Way and that galaxies down to the regime of dwarf spheroidals have been completely assembled in clusters at this redshift. We do not detect a steepening of the luminosity function at $M > -16$ as is observed locally. If the faint end upturn is real, the steepening of the luminosity function must be due to a newly infalling population of faint dwarf galaxies.
description: Accepted by AJ. Only a selection of figures shown in paper: extra figures to be made available on the AJ web site. Email R. De Propris for them in the meantime. Fig. 1 could not be compressed to arXiv size limits. See note in caption for how to obtain it
Codrus Panzer 1803
Creators: name: Can, İlyas
name: Aydemir, Habeş Bilal
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Proctotrupidae
Codrus

description: Genus Codrus Panzer, 1803
Type species: Codrus niger Panzer, 1801
Diagnosis: Lower part of frons with a median rounded bulge; area between toruli protruded; mandible with a single tooth; first and second discoidal cells separated; nervulus opposite basal vein or distad by as much as 0.45 its length (Park et al. 2017).
Distribution: Palaearctic, Oriental, and Australasian regions (Kolyada & Chemyreva 2019).
Remarks. This genus is newly recorded from Türkiye.
description: Published as part of Can, İlyas & Aydemir, Habeş Bilal, 2025, New records with DNA barcodes of the family Proctotrupidae (Hymenoptera: Proctotrupoidea) from Türkiye, pp. 131-143 in Zootaxa 5621 (1) on page 137, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5621.1.6, http://zenodo.org/record/15220055
Rejoinder: Matched Pairs and the Future of Cluster-Randomized Experiments
Creators: name: Imai, Kosuke
name: King, Gary
name: Nall, Clayton
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Rejoinder to "The Essential Role of Pair Matching in Cluster-Randomized Experiments, with Application to the Mexican Universal Health Insurance Evaluation" [arXiv:0910.3752]
description: Published in at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/09-STS274REJ the Statistical Science (http://www.imstat.org/sts/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
The VLT-FLAMES survey of massive stars: constraints on stellar evolution from the chemical compositions of rapidly rotating Galactic and Magellanic Cloud B-type stars
Creators: name: Hunter, I.
name: Brott, I.
name: Langer, N.
name: Lennon, D. J.
name: Dufton, P. L.
name: Howarth, I. D.
name: Ryans, R. S. I.
name: Trundle, C.
name: Evans, C. J.
name: de Koter, A.
name: Smartt, S. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have previously analysed the spectra of 135 early B-type stars in the LMC and found several groups of stars that have chemical compositions that conflict with the theory of rotational mixing. Here we extend this study to Galactic and SMC metallicities with the analysis of ~50 Galactic and ~100 SMC early B-type stars with rotational velocities up to ~300km/s. The surface nitrogen abundances are utilised as a probe of the mixing process. In the SMC, we find a population of slowly rotating nitrogen-rich stars amongst the early B type core-hydrogen burning stars, similar to the LMC. In the Galactic sample we find no significant enrichment amongst the core hydrogen-burning stars, which appears to be in contrast with the expectation from both rotating single-star and close binary evolution models. However, only a small number of the rapidly rotating stars have evolved enough to produce a significant nitrogen enrichment, and these may be analogous to the non-enriched rapid rotators previously found in the LMC sample. Finally, in each metallicity regime, a population of highly enriched supergiants is observed, which cannot be the immediate descendants of core-hydrogen burning stars. Their abundances are, however, compatible with them having gone through a previous red supergiant phase. Together, these observations paint a complex picture of the nitrogen enrichment in massive main sequence and supergiant stellar atmospheres, where age and binarity cause crucial effects. Whether rotational mixing is required to understand our results remains an open question at this time, but could be answered by identifying the true binary fraction in those groups of stars that do not agree with single-star evolutionary models (abridged).
description: Accepted paper - 86 pages with tables and figures
On the correspondence between path algebras and generalized path algebras
Creators: name: Chust, Viktor
name: Coelho, Flávio U.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary 16G10, Secondary 16G20

description: The concept of generalized path algebras was introduced in (Coelho and Liu, 2000). It was shown in (Ibáñez Cobos et al., 2008) how to obtain the Gabriel quiver of a given generalized path algebra. In this article, we generalize the concept of generalized path algebra to allow them to have relations, and we extend the result in (Ibáñez Cobos et al., 2008) to this new setting. Moreover, we use the extended result mentioned above to address the inverse problem: that is, the problem of determining when a given algebra is isomorphic to a generalized path algebra in a non-trivial way.
description: Published online, Comm. Algebra, 13 Nov 2021
Towards the chiral critical surface of QCD
Creators: name: Philipsen, Owe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The critical endpoint of the QCD phase diagram is usually expected to belong to the chiral critical surface, i.e. the surface of second order transitions bounding the region of first order chiral phase transitions for small quark masses in the {m_{u,d}, m_s,μ} parameter space. For μ=0, QCD with physical quark masses is known to be an analytic crossover, requiring the region of chiral transitions to expand with μfor a critical endpoint to exist. Instead, on coarse N_t=4 lattices, we find the area of chiral transitions to shrink with μ, which excludes a chiral critical point for QCD at moderate chemical potentials μ_B < 500 MeV. First results on finer N_t=6 lattices indicate a curvature of the critical surface consistent with zero and unchanged conclusions.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures, version to appear in proceedings for Quark Matter 2009, March 30-April 4, Knoxville, Tennessee