Sinonemoptera sinica Zheng & Liu 2025, comb. nov.
Creators: name: Zheng, Yuchen
name: Liu, Xingyue
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Neuroptera
Nemopteridae
Sinonemoptera
Sinonemoptera sinica

description: Sinonemoptera sinica (Yang, 1986) comb. nov.
(Figs 1A, 2A, C, E, F, 3A–D, 4A–E, 5f, k, 6C, D, I, 9, 10F; Supporting Information, Fig. S1)
Nemopistha sinica Yang 1986: 428 (type locality: CHINA: Yunnan, Nujiang, Lushui, Manyun agricultural science station; holotype in CAU); Yang 1987: 521; Zhou and Zhu 1992: 109 (female record); Yang 1999: 114; Ábrahám 2014: 182; Wang et al. 2018: 204; Yang et al. 2018: 61.
Diagnosis: Vertex dark brown, frons and rostrum pale brown; antenna three-quarters of length of forewing; rostrum nearly as long as head width. Pronotum laterally with some long setae. Mesoprescutum generally dark brown, lateral margin with some black setae; mesonotum mostly dark brown; mesoscutellum pale brown on posterior margin, with some coniform setae; metanotum medially pale brown and laterally dark brown. Hindwing medially with a dark brown marking; distal part slightly dilated, concave on fused point of Sc and RA, with a dark brown marking, dilated part with subcostal and radial space dark brown. Male tergum 8 elongate in lateral view; sternum 9 distally black. Male posterior gonocoxites 9 distally sclerotized in lateral view, relatively slender in caudal view; gonostyli 11 subtriangular in dorsal view; gonapophyses 11 truncate on posterior margin.
Redescription
Size: Head width, 1.82–1.93 mm; forewing length, 26.01– 26.53 mm; hindwing length, 58.12–60.03 mm.
Head: Vertex slightly raised, dark brown. Antenna three-quarters of length of forewing; scape and pedicel ventrally pale brown, dorsally dark brown; flagellomeres each generally dark brown, distally pale brown. Frons pale brown; anterior tentorial pit dark brown. Gena length nearly two-thirds of head width. Clypeus pale brown. Labrum pale brown to brown, distal margin truncate. Cardo pale brown, with some short setae. Stipe pale brown, distally with some long black setae. Maxillary palpus pale brown on palpomere 1, other palpomeres dark; labial palpus generally dark. Mandibles pale brown, elongate. Rostrum nearly as long as head width (Fig. 2A, C).
Thorax: Pronotum twice as long as wide, laterally with some long black setae; mostly dark brown, medially and laterally pale brown. Mesoprescutum generally dark brown, lateral margin with many black setae, other part with many short coniform setae; mesonotum mostly dark brown; mesoscutellum mostly dark brown, posterior margin pale brown. Metanotum bald, medially pale brown and laterally dark brown (Fig. 2C). Meso- and metapleurae generally pale brown. Ventral part of thorax with some short, pale brown setae.
Legs: Slender, pale brown. Coxa with a dark brown marking; femur and tibia each with a pair of longitudinal dark brown stripes; tibial spurs short coniform; tarsomeres 2–4 with some stout setae ventrally; claws dark brown, slightly curved.
Wings: Forewing mostly hyaline, apex rounded. Pterostigma pale. Costal crossveins not forked; basal costal crossveins suffused with dark markings; subcostal area pale yellow; 15–16 presectoral crossveins present; RP with six to seven branches; basal five mediocubital crossveins each suffuses with a brown marking; first cup-a1 crossvein suffused with a marking (Figs 1A, 2E; Supporting Information, Fig. S1). Hindwing slender, nearly three times as long as forewing; basally generally hyaline; basal c-sc and m-av crossveins each suffused with a brown marking; medially with a dark brown marking; pterostigma distinct, pale; distal part slightly dilated, concave near fusion of Sc and RA, with a dark brown marking; dilated part with subcostal and radial space dark brown; apical part hyaline (Figs 1A, 2F, 7I; Supporting Information, Fig. S1).
Abdomen: Dark brown; long, nearly twice as long as head plus thorax; male abdominal segments 3–8 each distally pale brown, longer than two-thirds width.
Male genitalia: Tergum 8 elongate in lateral view; sternum 9 bifurcated on distal half and with slender setae, distally black; subtriangular in lateral view (Fig. 3C, D). Anterior gonocoxites 9 slender, slightly curved in lateral view; posterior gonocoxites 9 widely falcate, distally sclerotized in lateral view, slender and distally rounded in caudal view. Gonocoxites 11 widely arched, medially with a small process between gonostyli 11; anterior membranous part of gonocoxites 11 with some long setae; gonostyli 11 shaped as a pair of upcurved short processes, subtriangular in dorsal view. Gonapophyses 11 nearly rectangular, posterior margin truncate in cephalic view; lateral membranous part of gonapophyses 11 with some long setae (Fig. 4A–E). Ectoproct subtriangular in lateral view, distal margin rounded, with some long setae (Fig. 3A).
Female genitalia: Gonocoxites 9 with many short setae, rounded in lateral view. Ectoproct semicircular in lateral view, distal margin rounded, with some short setae (Zhou and Zhu 1992).
Type material: Holotype ♂ [terminalia lost], CHINA: Yunnan, Nujiang, Lushui, Manyun agricultural science station, 880 m, 27 April 1980 (CAU).
Additional material examined: Two ♂, CHINA: Yunnan, Baoshan, Longyang District, Mangkuan Township, 750 m, 15 May 2021 (CAU).
Distribution: China (Yunnan).
description: Published as part of Zheng, Yuchen & Liu, Xingyue, 2025, A mysterious treasure originated from Africa: evolutionary history of the endangered spoon-winged lacewings (Neuroptera: Nemopteridae: Nemopterinae) from China, pp. 1-23 in Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 203 on pages 7-8, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae026, http://zenodo.org/record/14802923