cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Spontaneous chemical reactions between hydrogen and oxygen in nanobubbles
Creators: name: Svetovoy, Vitaly B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Bulk nanobubbles (NBs) generated electrochemically by short voltage pulses of alternating polarity behave differently from those produced by regular methods. Only bubbles smaller than $200\;$nm are formed in the process and their concentration is very high. Moreover, the bubbles containing both H2 and O2 gases disappear quickly via the combustion reaction, although the reaction in such a small volume cannot happen according to the classical combustion theory. Experimental facts about these unusual NBs are reviewed and current understanding of the observed phenomena is provided. Visualisation methods of a cloud of NBs above the electrodes are briefly discussed. Experimental signatures demonstrating the reaction between the gases in NBs are considered. A surface-assisted mechanism proposed for the combustion reactions in restricted volumes with a high surface-to-volume ratio is discussed. It it explained how the same mechanism may describe the audible explosion of microbubbles, that is observed in certain circumstances.
description: A review, 11 pages, 5 figures, to be published in Current Opinion in Colloid and Interface Science
Ab initio real-space Hartree-Fock and correlated approach to optical dielectric constants of crystalline insulators
Creators: name: Sony, Priya
name: Shukla, Alok
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we present an approach aimed at calculating the optical dielectric constant of crystalline insulators both at the Hartree-Fock, and correlated levels. Our scheme employs a real-space methodology, employing Wannier functions as the basic building blocks. The scheme has been applied to compute the optical dielectric constants of LiF, LiCl, MgO, and Li2O. In all the cases, results of correlated calculations, based upon systematic many-body corrections beyond Hartree-Fock, exhibit excellent agreement with the experiments. To the best of our knowledge, the calculations presented here are the first of their kind for bulk solids.
description: 5 pages, to appear in Phys. Rev. B
An on-chip tunable micro-disk laser fabricated on Er3+ doped lithium niobate on insulator (LNOI)
Creators: name: Wang, Zhe
name: Fang, Zhiwei
name: Liu, Zhaoxiang
name: Chu, Wei
name: Zhou, Yuan
name: Zhang, Jianhao
name: Wu, Rongbo
name: Wang, Min
name: Lu, Tao
name: Cheng, Ya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate a C-band wavelength-tunable microlaser with an Er3+ doped high quality (~1.02x10^6) lithium niobate microdisk resonator. With a 976 nm continuous-wave pump laser, lasing action can be observed at a pump power threshold as low as ~250 μW at room temperature. Furthermore, the microdisk laser wavelength can be tuned by varying the pump laser power, showing a tuning efficiency of ~-17.03 pm/mW at low pump power blow 13 mW, and 10.58 pm/mW at high pump power above 13 mW.
The “Tremor Diary“ – A Useful Tool in the Management of Patients with Tremor
Creators: name: Louis, Elan D.
name: Shah, Hiral
Publisher: name: Tremor and Other Hyperkinetic Movements
Year: 2014

description: No abstract necessary for letter to the editor.
description: Tremor and Other Hyperkinetic Movements, Tremor and Other Hyperkinetic Movements
Randomized compiling for scalable quantum computing on a noisy superconducting quantum processor
Creators: name: Hashim, Akel
name: Naik, Ravi K.
name: Morvan, Alexis
name: Ville, Jean-Loup
name: Mitchell, Bradley
name: Kreikebaum, John Mark
name: Davis, Marc
name: Smith, Ethan
name: Iancu, Costin
name: O'Brien, Kevin P.
name: Hincks, Ian
name: Wallman, Joel J.
name: Emerson, Joseph
name: Siddiqi, Irfan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The successful implementation of algorithms on quantum processors relies on the accurate control of quantum bits (qubits) to perform logic gate operations. In this era of noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) computing, systematic miscalibrations, drift, and crosstalk in the control of qubits can lead to a coherent form of error which has no classical analog. Coherent errors severely limit the performance of quantum algorithms in an unpredictable manner, and mitigating their impact is necessary for realizing reliable quantum computations. Moreover, the average error rates measured by randomized benchmarking and related protocols are not sensitive to the full impact of coherent errors, and therefore do not reliably predict the global performance of quantum algorithms, leaving us unprepared to validate the accuracy of future large-scale quantum computations. Randomized compiling is a protocol designed to overcome these performance limitations by converting coherent errors into stochastic noise, dramatically reducing unpredictable errors in quantum algorithms and enabling accurate predictions of algorithmic performance from error rates measured via cycle benchmarking. In this work, we demonstrate significant performance gains under randomized compiling for the four-qubit quantum Fourier transform algorithm and for random circuits of variable depth on a superconducting quantum processor. Additionally, we accurately predict algorithm performance using experimentally-measured error rates. Our results demonstrate that randomized compiling can be utilized to leverage and predict the capabilities of modern-day noisy quantum processors, paving the way forward for scalable quantum computing.
Kinetically driven helix formation during the homopolymer collapse process
Creators: name: Sabeur, Sid Ahmed
name: Hamdache, Fatima
name: Schmid, Friederike
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using Langevin simulations, we find that simple 'generic' bead-and-spring homopolymer chains in a sufficiently bad solvent spontaneously develop helical order during the process of collapsing from an initially stretched conformation. The helix formation is initiated by the unstable modes of the straight chain, which drive the system towards a long-lived metastable transient state. The effect is most pronounced if hydrodynamic interactions are screened.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures
Experience-Based Heuristic Search: Robust Motion Planning with Deep Q-Learning
Creators: name: Bernhard, Julian
name: Gieselmann, Robert
name: Esterle, Klemens
name: Knoll, Alois
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Interaction-aware planning for autonomous driving requires an exploration of a combinatorial solution space when using conventional search- or optimization-based motion planners. With Deep Reinforcement Learning, optimal driving strategies for such problems can be derived also for higher-dimensional problems. However, these methods guarantee optimality of the resulting policy only in a statistical sense, which impedes their usage in safety critical systems, such as autonomous vehicles. Thus, we propose the Experience-Based-Heuristic-Search algorithm, which overcomes the statistical failure rate of a Deep-reinforcement-learning-based planner and still benefits computationally from the pre-learned optimal policy. Specifically, we show how experiences in the form of a Deep Q-Network can be integrated as heuristic into a heuristic search algorithm. We benchmark our algorithm in the field of path planning in semi-structured valet parking scenarios. There, we analyze the accuracy of such estimates and demonstrate the computational advantages and robustness of our method. Our method may encourage further investigation of the applicability of reinforcement-learning-based planning in the field of self-driving vehicles.
description: published at IEEE IV 2018
Emergence of a negative charging energy in a metallic dot capacitively coupled to a superconducting island
Creators: name: Holmqvist, Cecilia
name: Feinberg, Denis
name: Zazunov, Alex
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the hybrid setup formed by a metallic dot, capacitively coupled to a superconducting island S connected to a bulk superconductor by a Josephson junction. Charge fluctuations in S act as a dynamical gate and overscreen the electronic repulsion in the metallic dot, producing an attractive interaction between two additional electrons. As the offset charge of the metallic dot is increased, the dot charging curve shows positive steps ($+2e$) followed by negative ones ($-e$) signaling the occurrence of a negative differential capacitance. A proposal for experimental detection is given, and potential applications in nanoelectronics are mentioned.
description: Revised version, 4 pages, 4 figures
Sudden Onset of Oromandibular Dystonia after Cerebellar Stroke
Creators: name: Akin, Alper
name: Yilmaz, Rezzak
name: Selcuk, Ferda
name: Akbostancı, Cenk M.
Publisher: name: Tremor and Other Hyperkinetic Movements
Year: 2014

description: Background: We present the case of a 65-year-old female with sudden-onset involuntary mouth opening, deviation of the jaw, facial grimacing, and tongue movements that started 6 months prior to her admission. Case Report: She was diagnosed with oromandibular dystonia. Differential diagnosis of oromandibular dystonia and various etiologies were investigated. Neuroimaging studies revealed a left cerebellar infarction. Discussion: To our knowledge, this case is the first oromandibular dystonia presenting with cerebellar ischemic stroke. Possible roles of the cerebellum for the pathophysiology of oromandibular dystonia are discussed.
description: Tremor and Other Hyperkinetic Movements, Tremor and Other Hyperkinetic Movements
A Colossal Electroresistance response, accompanied by metal-insulator transition, in a mixed-valent vanadate
Creators: name: Saha, Rafikul Ali
name: Bandyopadhyay, Abhisek
name: Schiesaro, Irene
name: Meneghini, Carlo
name: Ray, Sugata
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Colossal electroresistance (CER) in manganites, i.e., a large change in electrical resistance under the influence of either an applied electric field or an applied electric current, has often been described as complimentary to the colossal magnetoresistance (CMR) effect. Mixed valent vanadates with active t2g and empty eg orbitals, unlike manganites, have not naturally been discussed in this context, as double exchange based CMR is not realizable in them. However, presence of coupled spin and orbital degrees of freedom, metal-insulator transition (MIT) accompanied by orbital order-disorder transition, etc., anyway make the vanadates an exciting group of materials. Here we probe a Fe-doped hollandite lead vanadate PbFe1.75V4.25O11 (PFVO), which exhibits a clear MIT as a function of temperature. Most importantly, a giant fall in the resistivity, indicative of a CER, as well as a systematic shift in the MIT towards higher temperature are observed as a function of applied electric current. Detailed structural, magnetic, thermodynamic and transport studies point towards a complex interplay between orbital order/disorder effect, MIT and double exchange in this system.
Quark Matter in QC(2)D
Creators: name: Hands, Simon
name: Kim, Seyong
name: Skullerud, Jon-Ivar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Results are presented from a numerical study of lattice QCD with gauge group SU(2) and two flavors of Wilson fermion at non-zero quark chemical potential mu >> T. Studies of the equation of state, the superfluid condensate, and the Polyakov line all suggest that in addition to the low density phase of Bose-condensed diquark baryons, there is a deconfined phase at higher quark density in which quarks form a degenerate system, whose Fermi surface is only mildly disrupted by Cooper pair condensation.
description: 3 pages, 4 figures, contributed talk at "Quarks and Nuclear Physics", Madrid, 5th-10th June 2006
Uniaxial to unidirectional transition of perpendicular interlayer coupling in IrMn/CoFe/NiFeO/CoFe quadrilayers
Creators: name: Wang, Yu-Jen
name: Lai, Chih-Huang
name: Huang, Po-Hsiang
name: Lin, Hsiu-Hau
name: Shen, Chih-Ta
name: Yang, S. Y.
name: Chin, T. S.
name: Hong, Tzay-Ming
name: Lin, H. J.
name: Chen, C. T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We studied the interlayer coupling in the quadrilayer consisting of IrMn/CoFe (bottom layer)/NiFeOx/ CoFe (top layer). The in-plane perpendicular interlayer coupling is observed between CoFe layers at room temperature. An anisotropy transition from uniaxial to unidirectional in the perpendicular direction is observed around Tt = 55 K. The nano-oxide layer NiFeOx shows no distinguishable ferromagnetic signal in the high-temperature (uniaxial) phase, while a strong signal appeared in the low-temperature (unidirectional) phase. A possible two-component scenario, that the nano-oxide layer may contain both amorphous short-range antiferromagnetic domains and superparamagneitc clusters, is proposed to explain the phase transition.
description: final version to appear in Applied Physics Letters
Improvement of the robustness on geographical networks by adding shortcuts
Creators: name: Hayashi, Y.
name: Matsukubo, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In a topological structure affected by geographical constraints on liking, the connectivity is weakened by constructing local stubs with small cycles, a something of randomness to bridge them is crucial for the robust network design. In this paper, we numerically investigate the effects of adding shortcuts on the robustness in geographical scale-free network models under a similar degree distribution to the original one. We show that a small fraction of shortcuts is highly contribute to improve the tolerance of connectivity especially for the intentional attacks on hubs. The improvement is equivalent to the effect by fully rewirings without geographical constraints on linking. Even in the realistic Internet topologies, these effects are virtually examined.
description: 14 pages, 10 figures, 1 table
The promotional role of Nd on the catalytic activity and hydrothermal stability of Cu-SAPO-18 catalyst for NH3-SCR reaction
Creators: name: Qin, Kaiwei
name: Ming, Shujun
name: Chen, Zhen
name: Zhang, Shoute
name: Meng, Ying
name: Wu, Qin
name: Bian, Ce
name: Liu, Qian
name: Guo, Lei
name: Li, Dan
name: Pang, Lei
name: Li, Tao
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Physiology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Computational Biology

description: The Cu-SAPO-18 was prepared by the one-pot method and modified through hydrothermal post-treatment, metal-doped Nd(x)/Cu-SAPO-18 (x = 0.4, 0.8, 1.2, 1.6) catalysts were obtained. The catalytic performance of fresh and aged Nd(x)/Cu-SAPO-18 was evaluated by ammonia selective catalytic reduction (NH3-SCR) reaction. The NOx conversion rate of Nd (1.2)/Cu-SAPO-18 was highest. More than 94.5% NOx conversion was maintained over the aged Nd(x)/Cu-SAPO-18 during 250–450°C, which was almost 10% higher than the conversion of aged Cu-SAPO-18. Various techniques including XRD, XRF, BET, SEM, 27Al MAS NMR, XPS, UV-vis, NH3-TPD, H2-TPR, were applied to explore the effect of Nd content on the physiochemistry property of Cu-SAPO-18. The addition of Nd effectively maintained the relatively large specific surface area and uniform pore size distribution. Moreover, the dealumination progress of Cu-SAPO-18 was mitigated and the aggregation of copper species during hydrothermal aging process was restrained. Thus, Nd(x)/Cu-SAPO-18 owed less CuOx and more amount of isolated Cu2+ ions, which stabilized catalyst structure by entering the double 6-membered ring (D6R). Meanwhile, the incorporation of Nd enhanced the redox property and stabilised surface acid sites of Cu-SAPO-18, which were responsible for facilitating the adsorption and activation of reactants.
Quantum mechanical ab-initio simulation of the electron screening effect in metal deuteride crystals
Creators: name: Huke, A.
name: Czerski, K.
name: Chun, S. M.
name: Biller, A.
name: Heide, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In antecedent experiments the electron screening energies of the d+d reactions in metallic environments have been determined to be enhanced by an order of magnitude in comparison to the case of gaseous deuterium targets. The analytical models describing averaged material properties have not been able to explain the experimental results so far. Therefore, a first effort has been undertaken to simulate the dynamics of reacting deuterons in a metallic lattice by means of an ab-initio Hartree-Fock calculation of the total electrostatic force between the lattice and the successively approaching deuterons via path integration. The calculations have been performed for Li and Ta, clearly showing a migration of electrons from host metallic to the deuterium atoms. However, in order to avoid more of the necessary simplifications in the model the utilization of a massive parallel supercomputer would be required.
description: 11 pages, 12 figures, svjour class. To be published in Eur. Phys. J. A
Are Complex A and the Orphan Stream related?
Creators: name: Jin, Shoko
name: Lynden-Bell, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the possibility that the Galactic neutral hydrogen stream Complex A and the stellar Orphan stream are related, and use this hypothesis to determine possible distances to Complex A and the Orphan stream, and line-of-sight velocities for the latter. The method presented uses our current knowledge of the projected positions of the streams, as well as line-of-sight velocities for Complex A, and we show that a solution exists in which the two streams share the same orbit. If Complex A and the Orphan stream are on this orbit, our calculations suggest the Orphan stream to be at an average distance of 20 kpc, with heliocentric radial velocities of approximately -110 km/s. Complex A would be ahead of the Orphan stream in the same wrap of the orbit, with an average distance of 10 kpc, which is consistent with the distance constraints determined through interstellar absorption line techniques.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures; typos corrected, fig 2 and numerical predictions updated; accepted for publication in MNRAS Letters
On decomposition of embedded prismatoids in ℝ³ without additional points
Creators: name: Si, Hang
Publisher: name: Weierstrass Institute
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Twisted prisms
subject: twisted prismatoids
subject: torus knots
subject: indecomposable polyhedra
subject: Steiner points
subject: Schönhardt polyhedron
subject: Rambau polyhedron
subject: 65D18
subject: 68U05
subject: 65M50
subject: 65N50

description: This paper considers three-dimensional prismatoids which can be embedded in ℝ³ A subclass of this family are twisted prisms, which includes the family of non-triangulable Scönhardt polyhedra [12, 10]. We call a prismatoid decomposable if it can be cut into two smaller prismatoids (which have smaller volumes) without using additional points. Otherwise it is indecomposable. The indecomposable property implies the non-triangulable property of a prismatoid but not vice versa.
 In this paper we prove two basic facts about the decomposability of embedded prismatoid in ℝ³ with convex bases. Let P be such a prismatoid, call an edge interior edge of P if its both endpoints are vertices of P and its interior lies inside P. Our first result is a condition to characterise indecomposable twisted prisms. It states that a twisted prism is indecomposable without additional points if and only if it allows no interior edge. Our second result shows that any embedded prismatoid in ℝ³ with convex base polygons can be decomposed into the union of two sets (one of them may be empty): a set of tetrahedra and a set of indecomposable twisted prisms, such that all elements in these two sets have disjoint interiors.
Tracking quintessence and k-essence in a general cosmological background
Creators: name: Das, Rupam
name: Kephart, Thomas W.
name: Scherrer, Robert J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive conditions for stable tracker solutions for both quintessence and k-essence in a general cosmological background, H^2 \propto f(ρ). We find that tracker solutions are possible only when η= d ln f /d ln ρis constant, aside from a few special cases, which are enumerated. Expressions for the quintessence or k-essence equation of state are derived as a function of ηand the equation of state of the dominant background component.
description: 6 pages, no figures
Effect of Disorder on Transport in Graphene
Creators: name: Aleiner, I. L.
name: Efetov, K. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quenched disorder in graphene is characterized by 5 constants and experiences the logarithmic renormalization even from the spatial scales smaller than the Fermi wavelength. We derive and solve renormalization group equations (RGEs) describing the system at such scales. At larger scales, we derive a non-linear supermatrix $σ$-model completely describing localization and crossovers between different ensembles. The parameters of this $σ$% -model are determined by the solutions of the RGEs.
description: 4+ pages
QCD corrections to single slepton production at hadron colliders
Creators: name: Chen, Yu-Qi
name: Han, Tao
name: Si, Zong-Guo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We evaluate the cross section for single slepton production at hadron colliders in supersymmetric theories with R-parity violating interactions to the next-to-leading order in QCD. We obtain fully differential cross section by using the phase space slicing method. We also perform soft-gluon resummation to all order in $α_s$ of leading logarithm to obtain a complete transverse momentum spectrum of the slepton. We find that the full transverse momentum spectrum is peaked at a few GeV, consistent with the early results for Drell-Yan production of lepton pairs. We also consider the contribution from gluon fusion via quark-triangle loop diagrams dominated by the $b$-quark loop. The cross section of this process is significantly smaller than that of the tree-level process induced by the initial $b\bar{b}$ annihilation.
description: one new reference is added
Acoustical Properties of Superfluid Helium in Confined Geometry
Creators: name: Kekutia, Sh. E.
name: Chkhaidze, N. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The problem studied in this paper is to obtain the equations describing sound propagation in a consolidated porous medium filled with superfluid, determine the elastic coefficients, appearing in the equations, in terms of physically measurable quantities, and calculate the propagation velocities of transverse and longitudinal waves at high and low oscillating frequencies. In general, the obtained equations describe all volume modes that can propagate in a porous medium saturated with superfluid for any values of the porosity and frequencies. The derived equations are applied to the most important particular case when the normal component of superfluid helium is locked inside a highly porous media (aerogel, Im-helium sample) by viscous forces. For this case the velocities of two longitudinal sound modes and transverse mode are calculated from the derived equations. There are established the coupling between temperature and pressure oscillations in these fast and slow modes.
description: 26
Spin-spin correlations of the spin-ladder compound (C$_5$H$_{12}$N)$_2$CuBr$_4$ measured by magnetostriction and comparison to Quantum Monte Carlo results
Creators: name: Anfuso, Fabrizio
name: Garst, Markus
name: Rosch, Achim
name: Heyer, Oliver
name: Lorenz, Thomas
name: Ruegg, Christian
name: Kraemer, Karl
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Magnetostriction and thermal expansion of the spin-ladder compound piperidinium copper bromide (C$_5$H$_{12}$N)$_2$CuBr$_4$ are analyzed in detail. We find perfect agreement between experiments and the theory of a two-leg spin ladder Hamiltonian for more than a decade in temperature and in a wide range of magnetic fields. Relating the magnetostriction along different crystallographic directions to two static spin-spin correlation functions, which we compute with Quantum Monte Carlo, allows us to reconstruct the magnetoelastic couplings of (C$_5$H$_{12}$N)$_2$CuBr$_4$. We especially focus on the quantum critical behavior near the two critical magnetic fields $H_{c1}$ and $H_{c2}$, which is characterized by strong singularities rooted in the low dimensionality of the critical spin-system. Extending our discussion in Lorenz et al [Phys. Rev. Lett., 100, 067208 (2008)], we show explicitly that the thermal expansion near the upper critical field $H_{c2}$ is quantitatively described by a parameter-free theory of one-dimensional, non-relativistic Fermions. We also point out that there exists a singular quantum critical correction to the elastic moduli. This correction is proportional to the magnetic susceptibility $χ$ which diverges as $χ\sim 1/\sqrt{T}$ at the critical fields and thus leads to a strong softening of the crystal.
description: 12 pages, 8 figures included
Combinatorial aspects of mirror symmetry
Creators: name: Batyrev, Victor
name: Nill, Benjamin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 52B20, 14M25, 14J32

description: The purpose of this paper is to review some combinatorial ideas behind the mirror symmetry for Calabi-Yau hypersurfaces and complete intersections in Gorenstein toric Fano varieties. We suggest as a basic combinatorial object the notion of a Gorenstein polytope of index r. A natural combinatorial duality for d-dimensional Gorenstein polytopes of index r extends the well-known polar duality for reflexive polytopes (case r=1). We consider the Borisov duality between two nef-partitions as a duality between two Gorenstein polytopes P and P^* of index r together with selected special (r-1)-dimensional simplices S in P and S' in P^*. Different choices of these simplices suggest an interesting relation to Homological Mirror Symmetry.
description: AMS-LaTeX, 37 pages, 3 figures; conjecture 4.10 refined, bibliography updated
Tardive Syndromes are Rarely Reversible after Discontinuing Dopamine Receptor Blocking Agents: Experience from a University-based Movement Disorder Clinic
Creators: name: Zutshi, Deepti
name: Cloud, Leslie J.
name: Factor, Stewart A.
Publisher: name: Tremor and Other Hyperkinetic Movements
Year: 2014

description: Background: Several studies have examined reversibility of tardive syndromes (TS), primarily in psychotic patients who are maintained on dopamine receptor blocking drugs. The results have varied widely. However, few have assessed remission rates after discontinuing the offending agents. This study evaluated reversibility of TS in patients who permanently withdrew the causative agent(s). We also examined for any possible clinical predictors of reversibility. Methods: A retrospective cohort of 108 TS patients was studied. Most of the patients were not psychotic; most patients were being treated either for a mood disorder with atypical antipsychotics or for a gastrointestinal disturbance with metoclopramide. Patients were stratified on the basis of reversibility, and statistical tests were used for subgroup comparisons of relevant clinical variables. Logistic regression was undertaken to identify clinical variables predictive of reversibility. Results: Only 13% of the cohort experienced reversibility of the TS, 2% without medical intervention. When stratified by reversibility, there were no significant differences in any study variables between subgroups. None of the study variables predicted reversibility in the logistic regression. Discussion: Our study demonstrated a low remission rate for TS in a cohort of psychiatric and non-psychiatric patients seen in a movement disorder clinic after the offending agents were completely withdrawn. Such a finding has significant prognostic implications. It is possible that limitations of the retrospective design may have resulted in an underestimation. There is a clear need for prospective, multicenter, clinical trials in populations that can be safely withdrawn from dopamine receptor blocking agents so that true remission rates can be measured.
description: Tremor and Other Hyperkinetic Movements, Tremor and Other Hyperkinetic Movements
Considerations for early remote detection of mountain pine beetle in green-foliaged lodgepole pine
Creators: name: Runesson, Ulf Torarind
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: A general review of the mountain pine beetle (Dendroctonus ponderosae Hopkins) - lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta Dougl.) complex, including previous broad-band remote sensing studies aimed at early detection, is provided. The main emphasis of this thesis is on the utility of waveform analysis, based on in-situ spectroscopy, to successfully differentiate between tree canopies experiencing various degrees of stress. Damage to the tree canopies was both beetle-induced and artificial. In support of the spectroscopy, foliar analysis was performed. In addition, for comparative purposes, large-scale color-infrared photographs were both visually interpreted and measured for dye layer densities. Further, airborne digital broad-band data for the same study site were also acquired and analyzed. Despite significant differences in pigmentation levels and moisture status, the analysis showed poor detection success with both the densitometry and visual interpretation of the color-infrared photographs. This is in sharp contrast with previous studies and is concluded to be attributed to the natural variation from year to year and from site to site. The analysis of the digital airborne data resulted in equally poor differentiation between healthy and damaged tree canopies. The main objective of utilizing waveform analysis to take advantage of anticipated pigmentation reductions in stressed trees yielded very positive results. There were significant blue-shifts in the red-edge positions of currently attacked tree canopies. The data suggest that in a situation where conventional detection means such as those based on photo sensitivity fail, a suitable red-edge threshold can be determined from attacked trees and used to successfully differentiate healthy from currently attacked lodgepole pines.
Phonon-assisted phase separation in strongly correlated systems
Creators: name: Sherman, Alexei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We relate the phase separation observed in many crystals with pronounced electron correlations to the regions of negative electron compressibility. They were found in several models describing strong electron correlations. At low temperatures, these regions arise near chemical potentials corresponding to the change of the ground state in the site Hamiltonian. The negative electron compressibility leads to the separation of the system into electron-rich and electron-poor domains. The energy released in the course of this separation is absorbed by phonons. Another role of phonons is to give a definite form -- stripes or checkerboards -- to lattice distortions and domains of different electron concentrations. The shape, direction, and periodicity of such textures are determined by wave vectors of lattice distortions, which most strongly scatter electrons.
description: 8 pages, 2 figures
The Hilbert functions which force the Weak Lefschetz Property
Creators: name: Migliore, Juan C.
name: Zanello, Fabrizio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Commutative Algebra (math.AC)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 13E10 (primary); 13D40, 14M05 (secondary)

description: The purpose of this note is to characterize the finite Hilbert functions which force all of their artinian algebras to enjoy the Weak Lefschetz Property (WLP). Curiously, they turn out to be exactly those (characterized by Wiebe in $[Wi]$) whose Gotzmann ideals have the WLP. This implies that, if a Gotzmann ideal has the WLP, then all algebras with the same Hilbert function (and hence lower Betti numbers) have the WLP as well. However, we will answer in the negative, even in the case of level algebras, the most natural question that one might ask after reading the previous sentence: If $A$ is an artinian algebra enjoying the WLP, do all artinian algebras with the same Hilbert function as $A$ and Betti numbers lower than those of $A$ have the WLP as well? Also, as a consequence of our result, we have another (simpler) proof of the fact that all codimension 2 algebras enjoy the WLP (this fact was first proven in $[HMNW]$, where it was shown that even the Strong Lefschetz Property holds).
description: A few minor changes. To appear in JPAA
Desenvolvimento de sorbet funcional a base de Laranja e Alfarroba
Creators: name: GRECCOFI, Cristiane de Paula Nuno
name: PEREIRA, Isabela Rosier Olimpio
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Resumo: Os alimentos funcionais são um método de promoção da saúde, visto que além de possuírem funções nutricionais, ainda proporcionam efeitos metabólicos e fisiológicos ao organismo. O objetivo deste trabalho foi desenvolver um sorbet, a base de ingredientes funcionais como frutas e alfarroba na forma de picolé, determinar características físico- químicas, além de desenvolver a informação nutricional do produto e avaliar o tempo de derretimento. Para tanto, foram desenvolvidas diferentes formulações, sendo que a mais adequada foi composta de 50% de suco de laranja, 10% de banana, 14% de pasta de amendoim, 25% de alfarroba em pó e 1% de liga neutra. O produto foi pasteurizado e congelado em ultra freezer. O valor de umidade final obtido foi de 64,94%, o pH de 4,3 e um derretimento significativo apenas após 40 minutos em temperatura ambiente. Foi desenvovido um sorbet a partir da utilização de ingredientes funcionais, que apresenta boas características físicas e nutricionais demonstradas por meio de análises específicas e a tabela de informação nutricional do produto.

 

Palavras-chave: alimentos funcionais, métodos de conservação, laranja, alfarroba, picolé, sorbet, informação nutricional.
description: Abstract: Functional foods consist of a health promotion method, since in addition to having nutritional functions, they also provide metabolic and physological effects do the body. The objective of this work was to develop a sorbet, composed of functional ingredients such as fruits and carob, in the form of a popsicle, to determine its physical- chemical characteristics, in addition to developing the nutritional information of the product and evaluating the melting time. For this purpouse, different formulations were developed, the most suitable of which was composed of 50% orange juice, 10% banana, 14% peanut butter, 25% carob powder and 1% aditive. The product was pasteurized and frozen in an ultra freezer. The final moisture value obtained was 64,94%, pH 4.3 and significant melting only after 40 minutes at room temperature. A sorbet was developed using functional ingredients, which has good physical and nutricional characteristics demonstrade through specific analyzes and the product’s nutricional information table.

 

 

Keywords: functional foods, conservation methods, orange, carob, popsicle, ice cream, nutricional information.
Improving CSI-based Massive MIMO Indoor Positioning using Convolutional Neural Network
Creators: name: Cerar, Gregor
name: Švigelj, Aleš
name: Mohorčič, Mihael
name: Fortuna, Carolina
name: Javornik, Tomaž
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) is an enabling technology to meet the growing demand for faster and more reliable communications in wireless networks with a large number of terminals, but it can also be applied for position estimation of a terminal exploiting multipath propagation from multiple antennas. In this paper, we investigate new convolutional neural network (CNN) structures for exploiting MIMO-based channel state information (CSI) to improve indoor positioning. We evaluate and compare the performance of three variants of the proposed CNN structure to five NN structures proposed in the scientific literature using the same sets of training-evaluation data. The results demonstrate that the proposed residual convolutional NN structure improves the accuracy of position estimation and keeps the total number of weights lower than the published NN structures. The proposed CNN structure yields from 2cm to 10cm better position accuracy than known NN structures used as a reference.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures, 19 subfigures
Evaluating Familial Essential Tremor with Novel Genetic Approaches: Is it a Genotyping or Phenotyping Issue?
Creators: name: Gonzalez-Alegre, Pedro
name: Di Paola, Jorge
name: Wang, Kai
name: Fabbro, Shay
name: Yu, Hung-Chun
name: Shaikh, Tamim H.
name: Darbro, Benjamin W.
name: Bassuk, Alexander G.
Publisher: name: Tremor and Other Hyperkinetic Movements
Year: 2014

description: Background: Essential tremor is a common movement disorder with a strong heritable component. Large families with inherited forms of essential tremor have undergone genetic analyses by different approaches. However, our knowledge of genetic variants unequivocally linked to essential tremor is remarkably limited. Several explanations have been put forth to explain this challenge, including the possibility of mutations in non-coding areas of the genome. Methods: We encountered a family with highly penetrant, autosomal dominant tremor. We hypothesized that, if a single coding gene mutation was responsible for the phenotype, novel genetic tools would allow us to identify it. We employed single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) arrays in 17 members of this family followed by next generation whole-exome sequencing in five affected subjects. Results: We did not identify any copy number variant or mutation that segregated with the disease phenotype. Discussion: This study emphasizes the remarkably challenging field of tremor genetics and indicates that future studies should perhaps shift to analysis of the non-coding genome.
description: Tremor and Other Hyperkinetic Movements, Tremor and Other Hyperkinetic Movements
On the number of partitions of $n$ whose product of the summands is at most $n$
Creators: name: Mahanta, Pankaj Jyoti
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11P81, 05A17

description: We prove an explicit formula to count the partitions of $n$ whose product of the summands is at most $n$. In the process, we also deduce a result to count the multiplicative partitions of $n$.
description: 5 pages. Published in Journal of the Assam Academy of Mathematics. URL: https://jaam.aamonline.org.in/ojs/index.php/j/article/view/59
First-order Bose-Einstein condensation with three-body interacting bosons
Creators: name: Hu, Hui
name: Yu, Zeng-Qiang
name: Wang, Jia
name: Liu, Xia-Ji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Bose-Einstein condensation, observed in either strongly interacting liquid helium or weakly interacting atomic Bose gases, is widely known to be a second-order phase transition. Here, we predict a first-order Bose-Einstein condensation in a cloud of harmonically trapped bosons interacting with both attractive two-body interaction and repulsive three-body interaction, characterized respectively by an $s$-wave scattering length $a<0$ and a three-body scattering hypervolume $D>0$. It happens when the harmonic trapping potential is weak, so with increasing temperature the system changes from a low-temperature liquid-like quantum droplet to a normal gas, and therefore experiences a first-order liquid-to-gas transition. At large trapping potential, however, the quantum droplet can first turn into a superfluid gas, rendering the condensation transition occurred later from a superfluid gas to a normal gas smooth. We determine a rich phase diagram and show the existence of a tri-critical point, where the three phases - quantum droplet, superfluid gas and normal gas - meet together. We argue that an ensemble of spin-polarized tritium atoms could be a promising candidate to observe the predicted first-order Bose-Einstein condensation, across which the condensate fraction or central condensate density jumps to zero and the surface-mode frequencies diverge.
description: 14 pages, 7 figures
The $B(B_s)\to D_{(s)} P$, $D_{(s)} V$, $D_{(s)}^{*}P$ and $D_{(s)}^{*}V$ decays in the perturbative QCD approach
Creators: name: Li, Run-Hui
name: Lü, Cai-Dian
name: Zou, Hao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Two-body non-leptonic charmed decays $B_{(s)} \to D_{(s)}P$, $D_{(s)}^*P$, $D_{(s)}V$ and $D_{(s)}^*V$ are analyzed in perturbative QCD approach, where $P$ and $V$ denote the light pseudoscalar meson and vector meson, respectively. We test the $D$ meson wave function by a $χ^2$ fit with experimental data of six $B\to DP$ channels. We give the branching ratios of all the charmed B decay channels, most of which agree with experiments amazingly well. The predicted $B_s$ decays can be confronted with the future experimental data. By straightforward calculations, our pQCD approach gives the right relative strong phase of $a_2/a_1$ with experiments. We also predict the percentage of transverse polarizations in $B_{(s)} \to D^* V$ decay channels.
description: 25 pages, 4 figures
Head and Arm Tremor in X-linked Spinal and Bulbar Muscular Atrophy
Creators: name: Aicua, Irene
name: Verhagen, Okker
name: Arenaza, Naroa
name: Cubo, Esther
Publisher: name: Tremor and Other Hyperkinetic Movements
Year: 2014

description: Background: X‐linked spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy (SBMA) is a rare adult‐onset neuronopathy. Although tremor is known to occur in this disease, the number of reported cases of SBMA with tremor is rare, and the number with videotaped documentation is exceedingly rare. Our aim was to describe/document the characteristic signs of tremor in spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy. Case Report: We report a case of a 58‐year‐old male with a positive family history of tremor. On examination, the patient had jaw and hand tremors but he also exhibited gynecomastia, progressive bulbar paresis, and wasting and weakness primarily in the proximal limb muscles. The laboratory tests revealed an elevated creatine phosphokinase. Genetic testing was positive for X‐SBMA, with 42 CAG repeats. Discussion: Essential tremor is one of the most common movement disorders, yet it is important for clinicians to be aware of the presence of other distinguishing features that point to alternative diagnoses. The presence of action tremor associated with muscle atrophy and gynecomastia should lead to a suspicion of SBMA.
description: Tremor and Other Hyperkinetic Movements, Tremor and Other Hyperkinetic Movements
Ramifications of Lineland
Creators: name: Grumiller, Daniel
name: Meyer, Rene
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A non-technical overview on gravity in two dimensions is provided. Applications discussed in this work comprise 2D type 0A/0B string theory, Black Hole evaporation/thermodynamics, toy models for quantum gravity, for numerical General Relativity in the context of critical collapse and for solid state analogues of Black Holes. Mathematical relations to integrable models, non-linear gauge theories, Poisson-sigma models, KdV surfaces and non-commutative geometry are presented.
description: 45 pages, 3 eps figures, proceedings contribution to 5th Workshop on Quantization, Dualities & Integrable Systems in Denizli, Turkey; v2: added refs. and a comment on phase transitions: v3: minor cosmetic change
Analysis of a Reduced-Order Model for the Simulation of Elastic Geometric Zigzag-Spring Meta-Materials
Creators: name: Leimer, Kurt
name: Musialski, Przemyslaw
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Graphics (cs.GR)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: I.3.5; I.3.6

description: We analyze the performance of a reduced-order simulation of geometric meta-materials based on zigzag patterns using a simplified representation. As geometric meta-materials we denote planar cellular structures which can be fabricated in 2d and bent elastically such that they approximate doubly-curved 2-manifold surfaces in 3d space. They obtain their elasticity attributes mainly from the geometry of their cellular elements and their connections. In this paper we focus on cells build from so-called zigzag springs. The physical properties of the base material (i.e., the physical substance) influence the behavior as well, but we essentially factor them out by keeping them constant. The simulation of such complex geometric structures comes with a high computational cost, thus we propose an approach to reduce it by abstracting the zigzag cells by a simpler model and by learning the properties of their elastic deformation behavior. In particular, we analyze the influence of the sampling of the full parameter space and the expressiveness of the reduced model compared to the full model. Based on these observations, we draw conclusions on how to simulate such complex meso-structures with simpler models.
description: 14 pages, 12 figures, published in Computers & Graphics, extended version of arXiv:2010.08070