cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung Nr. 247.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 07.10.2009, 09:00, erstellt von Sergio Cortesi
Creators: name: Observatorium Specola Solare Ticinese Locarno (1957 bis 1980 Teil der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte der ETH Zürich)
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 2009

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit schwarzer Farbe und Bleistift, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung für die Beobachtungen in Locarno-Monti auf einem eigenen Vordruck. Instrument: Zeiss-Coudé-Refraktor mit 15 cm Öffnung und 225 cm Brennweite. Bildqualität (SIDC): 3.
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden auf dem Vordruck eingetragen. Zusätzlich sind zuhanden der späteren statistischen Verarbeitung die Angaben für die Bestimmung der Fleckenrelativzahl notiert.
Beobachtungstätigkeit unter eigenständiger Leitung (Associazione Specola Solare Ticinese ASST)
Brain Tumor Segmentation with Deep Neural Networks
Creators: name: Havaei, Mohammad
name: Davy, Axel
name: Warde-Farley, David
name: Biard, Antoine
name: Courville, Aaron
name: Bengio, Yoshua
name: Pal, Chris
name: Jodoin, Pierre-Marc
name: Larochelle, Hugo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper, we present a fully automatic brain tumor segmentation method based on Deep Neural Networks (DNNs). The proposed networks are tailored to glioblastomas (both low and high grade) pictured in MR images. By their very nature, these tumors can appear anywhere in the brain and have almost any kind of shape, size, and contrast. These reasons motivate our exploration of a machine learning solution that exploits a flexible, high capacity DNN while being extremely efficient. Here, we give a description of different model choices that we've found to be necessary for obtaining competitive performance. We explore in particular different architectures based on Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN), i.e. DNNs specifically adapted to image data. We present a novel CNN architecture which differs from those traditionally used in computer vision. Our CNN exploits both local features as well as more global contextual features simultaneously. Also, different from most traditional uses of CNNs, our networks use a final layer that is a convolutional implementation of a fully connected layer which allows a 40 fold speed up. We also describe a 2-phase training procedure that allows us to tackle difficulties related to the imbalance of tumor labels. Finally, we explore a cascade architecture in which the output of a basic CNN is treated as an additional source of information for a subsequent CNN. Results reported on the 2013 BRATS test dataset reveal that our architecture improves over the currently published state-of-the-art while being over 30 times faster.
Quasinormal modes and ringdown waveform of the Frolov black hole
Creators: name: Song, Zhijun
name: Gong, Huajie
name: Li, Hai-Li
name: Fu, Guoyang
name: Zhu, Li-Gang
name: Wu, Jian-Pin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we investigate scalar perturbation over a Frolov black hole (BH), which is a regular BH induced by the quantum gravity effect. The quasinormal frequencies of a scalar field always consistently reside in the lower half-plane, and the time-domain evolution of the field demonstrates a decaying behavior, with the late-time tail exhibiting a power-law pattern. These observations collectively suggest the stability of a Frolov BH against scalar perturbation. Additionally, our study reveals that the quantum gravity effect leads to slower decay modes. For the case of the angular quantum number $l=0$, the oscillation exhibits non-monotonic behavior with the quantum gravity parameter $α_0$. However, once $l\geq 1$, the angular quantum number surpasses the influence of the quantum gravity effect.
description: 15 pages, 7 figures; accepted for publication in Communications in Theoretical Physics
Measuring Software Quality in Use: State-of-the-Art and Research Challenges
Creators: name: Atoum, Issa
name: Bong, Chih How
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Software quality in use comprises quality from the user's perspective. It has gained its importance in e-government applications, mobile-based applications, embedded systems, and even business process development. User's decisions on software acquisitions are often ad hoc or based on preference due to difficulty in quantitatively measuring software quality in use. But, why is quality-in-use measurement difficult? Although there are many software quality models, to the authors' knowledge no works survey the challenges related to software quality-in-use measurement. This article has two main contributions: 1) it identifies and explains major issues and challenges in measuring software quality in use in the context of the ISO SQuaRE series and related software quality models and highlights open research areas; and 2) it sheds light on a research direction that can be used to predict software quality in use. In short, the quality-in-use measurement issues are related to the complexity of the current standard models and the limitations and incompleteness of the customized software quality models. A sentiment analysis of software reviews is proposed to deal with these issues.
description: 4 Figures
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung Nr. 154.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 02.07.2009, 08:00, erstellt von Marco Cagnotti
Creators: name: Observatorium Specola Solare Ticinese Locarno (1957 bis 1980 Teil der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte der ETH Zürich)
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 2009

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit schwarzer Farbe und Bleistift, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung für die Beobachtungen in Locarno-Monti auf einem eigenen Vordruck. Instrument: Zeiss-Coudé-Refraktor mit 15 cm Öffnung und 225 cm Brennweite. Bildqualität (SIDC): 5.
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden auf dem Vordruck eingetragen. Zusätzlich sind zuhanden der späteren statistischen Verarbeitung die Angaben für die Bestimmung der Fleckenrelativzahl notiert.
Beobachtungstätigkeit unter eigenständiger Leitung (Associazione Specola Solare Ticinese ASST)
On the Adjunction Formula for $3$-folds in characteristic $p>5$
Creators: name: Das, Omprokash
name: Hacon, Christopher D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this article we prove a relative Kawamata-Viehweg vanishing-type theorem for PLT $3$-folds in characteristic $p>5$. We use this to prove the normality of minimal log canonical centers and the adjunction formula for codimension $2$ subvarieties on $\mathbb{Q}$-factorial $3$-folds in characteristic $p>5$.
description: 19 Pages. Comments are welcome. To appear in the Mathematische Zeitschrift
MPEC 2023-Q153 : DAILY ORBIT UPDATE (2023 August 28)
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung Nr. 107.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 12.05.2009, 10:00, erstellt von Sergio Cortesi
Creators: name: Observatorium Specola Solare Ticinese Locarno (1957 bis 1980 Teil der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte der ETH Zürich)
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 2009

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit schwarzer Farbe und Bleistift, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung für die Beobachtungen in Locarno-Monti auf einem eigenen Vordruck. Instrument: Zeiss-Coudé-Refraktor mit 15 cm Öffnung und 225 cm Brennweite. Bildqualität (SIDC): 3.
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden auf dem Vordruck eingetragen. Zusätzlich sind zuhanden der späteren statistischen Verarbeitung die Angaben für die Bestimmung der Fleckenrelativzahl notiert.
Beobachtungstätigkeit unter eigenständiger Leitung (Associazione Specola Solare Ticinese ASST)
The Effect of Training Dataset Size on Discriminative and Diffusion-Based Speech Enhancement Systems
Creators: name: Gonzalez, Philippe
name: Tan, Zheng-Hua
name: Østergaard, Jan
name: Jensen, Jesper
name: Alstrøm, Tommy Sonne
name: May, Tobias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Audio and Speech Processing (eess.AS)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: The performance of deep neural network-based speech enhancement systems typically increases with the training dataset size. However, studies that investigated the effect of training dataset size on speech enhancement performance did not consider recent approaches, such as diffusion-based generative models. Diffusion models are typically trained with massive datasets for image generation tasks, but whether this is also required for speech enhancement is unknown. Moreover, studies that investigated the effect of training dataset size did not control for the data diversity. It is thus unclear whether the performance improvement was due to the increased dataset size or diversity. Therefore, we systematically investigate the effect of training dataset size on the performance of popular state-of-the-art discriminative and diffusion-based speech enhancement systems in matched conditions. We control for the data diversity by using a fixed set of speech utterances, noise segments and binaural room impulse responses to generate datasets of different sizes. We find that the diffusion-based systems perform the best relative to the discriminative systems in terms of objective metrics with datasets of 10 h or less. However, their objective metrics performance does not improve when increasing the training dataset size as much as the discriminative systems, and they are outperformed by the discriminative systems with datasets of 100 h or more.
description: Accepted version
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung Nr. 282.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 24.11.2009, 09:00, erstellt von Sergio Cortesi
Creators: name: Observatorium Specola Solare Ticinese Locarno (1957 bis 1980 Teil der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte der ETH Zürich)
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 2009

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit schwarzer Farbe und Bleistift, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung für die Beobachtungen in Locarno-Monti auf einem eigenen Vordruck. Instrument: Zeiss-Coudé-Refraktor mit 15 cm Öffnung und 225 cm Brennweite. Bildqualität (SIDC): 2.
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden auf dem Vordruck eingetragen. Zusätzlich sind zuhanden der späteren statistischen Verarbeitung die Angaben für die Bestimmung der Fleckenrelativzahl notiert.
Beobachtungstätigkeit unter eigenständiger Leitung (Associazione Specola Solare Ticinese ASST)
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung Nr. 166.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 14.07.2009, 09:30, erstellt von Sergio Cortesi
Creators: name: Observatorium Specola Solare Ticinese Locarno (1957 bis 1980 Teil der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte der ETH Zürich)
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 2009

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit schwarzer Farbe und Bleistift, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung für die Beobachtungen in Locarno-Monti auf einem eigenen Vordruck. Instrument: Zeiss-Coudé-Refraktor mit 15 cm Öffnung und 225 cm Brennweite. Bildqualität (SIDC): 3.
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden auf dem Vordruck eingetragen. Zusätzlich sind zuhanden der späteren statistischen Verarbeitung die Angaben für die Bestimmung der Fleckenrelativzahl notiert.
Beobachtungstätigkeit unter eigenständiger Leitung (Associazione Specola Solare Ticinese ASST)
The Dirac Form Factor Predicts the Pauli Form Factor in the Endpoint Model
Creators: name: Dagaonkar, Sumeet
name: Jain, Pankaj
name: Ralston, John P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compute the momentum-transfer dependence of the proton Pauli form factor $F_{2}$ in the endpoint overlap model. We find the model correctly reproduces the scaling of the ratio of $F_{2}$ with the Dirac Form factor $F_{1}$ observed at the Jefferson Laboratory. The calculation uses the leading-power, leading twist Dirac structure of the quark light-cone wave function, and the same endpoint dependence previously determined from the Dirac form factor $F_{1}$. There are no parameters and no adjustable functions in the endpoint model's prediction for $F_{2}$. The model's predicted ratio $F_{2}(Q^{2})/F_{1}(Q^{2})$ is quite insensitive to the endpoint wave function, which explains why the observed ratio scales like $1/Q$ down to rather low momentum transfers. The endpoint model appears to be the only comprehensive model consistent with all form factor information as well as reproducing fixed-angle proton-proton scattering at large momentum transfer. Any one of the processes is capable of predicting the others.
description: 12 pages, 3 figures
Additional file 1 of Implementing a nurse-enabled, integrated, shared-care model involving specialists and general practitioners in breast cancer post-treatment follow-up: a study protocol for a phase II randomised controlled trial (the EMINENT trial)
Creators: name: Chan, Raymond Javan
name: Emery, Jon
name: Cuff, Katharine
name: Laisa Teleni
name: Simonsen, Camilla
name: Turner, Jane
name: Janda, Monika
name: Mckavanagh, Daniel
name: Jones, Lee
name: McKinnell, Emma
name: Gosper, Melissa
name: Ryan, Juanita
name: Joseph, Ria
name: Crowe, Bethany
name: Harvey, Jennifer
name: Ryan, Marissa
name: Carrington, Christine
name: Nund, Rebecca
name: Crichton, Megan
name: McPhail, Steven
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Cancer
subject: Plant Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1. Interview Guide for the Semi-Structured Interviews with Patients/Family Members and Health Professionals.
Automatic detection of large-scale flux ropes and their geoeffectiveness with a machine learning approach
Creators: name: Pal, Sanchita
name: Santos, Luiz F. G. dos
name: Weiss, Andreas J.
name: Narock, Thomas
name: Narock, Ayris
name: Nieves-Chinchilla, Teresa
name: Jian, Lan K.
name: Good, Simon W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Detecting large-scale flux ropes (FRs) embedded in interplanetary coronal mass ejections (ICMEs) and assessing their geoeffectiveness are essential since they can drive severe space weather. At 1 au, these FRs have an average duration of 1 day. Their most common magnetic features are large, smoothly rotating magnetic fields. Their manual detection has become a relatively common practice over decades, although visual detection can be time-consuming and subject to observer bias. Our study proposes a pipeline that utilizes two supervised binary-classification machine learning (ML) models trained with solar wind magnetic properties to automatically detect large-scale FRs and additionally determine their geoeffectiveness. The first model is used to generate a list of auto-detected FRs. Using the properties of southward magnetic field the second model determines the geoeffectiveness of FRs. Our method identifies 88.6\% and 80\% large-scale ICMEs (duration $\ge 1$ day) observed at 1 au by Wind and Sun Earth Connection Coronal and Heliospheric Investigation (STEREO) mission, respectively. While testing with a continuous solar wind data obtained from Wind, our pipeline detected 56 of the 64 large-scale ICMEs during 2008 - 2014 period (recall= 0.875) but many false positives (precision= 0.56) as we do not take into account any additional solar wind properties than the magnetic properties. We found an accuracy of 0.88 when estimating the geoeffectiveness of the auto-detected FRs using our method. Thus, in space weather now-casting and forecasting at L1 or any planetary missions, our pipeline can be utilized to offer a first-order detection of large-scale FRs and geoeffectiveness.
description: 19 pages, 6 figures
TRAFIG Ethics Guidelines
Creators: name: Christ, Simone
name: Thiem, Maarit
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: research ethics
refugees
interviews
data protection
protracted displacement
empirical research
vulnerability
field work
methodology

description: Research with people experiencing protracted displacement, who often find themselves in a socio-economic and legal limbo, poses manifold ethical challenges. TRAFIG developed ethical guidelines which serve as a guidance for all researchers related to the phase of data gathering. While adhering to general ethical principles, the ethical guidelines do not prescribe, but rather guide the researchers to ask relevant questions and find compatible solutions for the respective field site and research context. The ethical guidelines cover topics like vulnerability of research participants, gaining qualified and voluntary informed consent, approvals for data collection, incidental findings, protection of personal data, photographs, secondary trauma, and safety measures for researchers in the field.
Additional file 1 of Involving research participants in a pan-European research initiative: the EPAD participant panel experience
Creators: name: Gregory, S.
name: E. M. Bunnik
name: A. B. Callado
name: I. Carrie
name: C. De Boer
name: J. Duffus
name: K. Fauria
name: S. Forster
name: D. Gove
name: I. Knezevic
name: A. Laquidain
name: D. Pennetier
name: S. Saunders
name: S. Sparks
name: J. Rice
name: C. W. Ritchie
name: R. Milne
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Neuroscience
subject: Science Policy
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1. GRIPP2 Short form
IAMC Wiki Model Documentation IMAGE
Creators: name: Stehfest, Elke
name: van Vuuren, Detlef
name: Kram, Tom
name: Bouwman, Lex
name: Alkemade, Rob
name: Bakkenes, Michel
name: Bouwman, Arno
name: den Elzen, Michel
name: Janse, Jan
name: Lucas, Paul
name: van Minnen, Jelle
name: Prins, Anne Gerdien
name: Biemans, Hester
name: Müller, Christoph
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Integrated Assesment Model
Model Documentation

description: IAMC Wiki Model Documentation for IMAGE 3.0. Please read the latest version of the documentation at Model Documentation - IMAGE - IAMC-Documentation (iamcdocumentation.eu).
HAIChart: Human and AI Paired Visualization System
Creators: name: Xie, Yupeng
name: Luo, Yuyu
name: Li, Guoliang
name: Tang, Nan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Databases (cs.DB)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The growing importance of data visualization in business intelligence and data science emphasizes the need for tools that can efficiently generate meaningful visualizations from large datasets. Existing tools fall into two main categories: human-powered tools (e.g., Tableau and PowerBI), which require intensive expert involvement, and AI-powered automated tools (e.g., Draco and Table2Charts), which often fall short of guessing specific user needs. In this paper, we aim to achieve the best of both worlds. Our key idea is to initially auto-generate a set of high-quality visualizations to minimize manual effort, then refine this process iteratively with user feedback to more closely align with their needs. To this end, we present HAIChart, a reinforcement learning-based framework designed to iteratively recommend good visualizations for a given dataset by incorporating user feedback. Specifically, we propose a Monte Carlo Graph Search-based visualization generation algorithm paired with a composite reward function to efficiently explore the visualization space and automatically generate good visualizations. We devise a visualization hints mechanism to actively incorporate user feedback, thus progressively refining the visualization generation module. We further prove that the top-k visualization hints selection problem is NP-hard and design an efficient algorithm. We conduct both quantitative evaluations and user studies, showing that HAIChart significantly outperforms state-of-the-art human-powered tools (21% better at Recall and 1.8 times faster) and AI-powered automatic tools (25.1% and 14.9% better in terms of Hit@3 and R10@30, respectively).
description: VLDB 2024
Buffer-gas cooling of a single ion in a multipole radio frequency trap beyond the critical mass ratio
Creators: name: Höltkemeier, B.
name: Weckesser, P.
name: López-Carrera, H.
name: Weidemüller, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We theoretically investigate the dynamics of a trapped ion immersed in a spatially localized buffer gas. For a homogeneous buffer gas, the ion reaches a stable equilibrium only if the mass ratio of the buffer gas atom to the ion is below a critical value. We show how this limitation can be overcome by using multipole traps and a spatially confined buffer gas. Using a generalized model for elastic collisions of the ion with the buffer gas atoms, the ion's energy distribution is derived for arbitrary buffer gas distributions and trap parameters. Three regimes characterized by the analytical form of the ion's energy distribution are found. Final ion temperatures down to the millikelvin regime can be achieved even for heavy buffer gases by actively controlling the size of the buffer gas or the trap voltage (forced sympathetic cooling).
Multilevel CNNs for parametric PDEs
Creators: name: Heiß, Cosmas
name: Gühring, Ingo
name: Eigel, Martin
Publisher: name: Weierstrass Institute
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Deep learning
subject: partial differential equations
subject: parametric PDE
subject: multilevel
subject: expressivity
subject: CNN
subject: uncertainty quantification
subject: 65D40
subject: 65N55
subject: 65F10
subject: 68Q32

description: We combine concepts from multilevel solvers for partial differential equations (PDEs) with neural network based deep learning and propose a new methodology for the efficient numerical solution of high-dimensional parametric PDEs. An in-depth theoretical analysis shows that the proposed architecture is able to approximate multigrid V-cycles to arbitrary precision with the number of weights only depending logarithmically on the resolution of the finest mesh. As a consequence, approximation bounds for the solution of parametric PDEs by neural networks that are independent on the (stochastic) parameter dimension can be derived. The performance of the proposed method is illustrated on high-dimensional parametric linear elliptic PDEs that are common benchmark problems in uncertainty quantification. We find substantial improvements over state-of-the-art deep learning-based solvers. As particularly challenging examples, random conductivity with high-dimensional non-affine Gaussian fields in 100 parameter dimensions and a random cookie problem are examined. Due to the multilevel structure of our method, the amount of training samples can be reduced on finer levels, hence significantly lowering the generation time for training data and the training time of our method.
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung Nr. 54.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 12.03.2009, 08:00, erstellt von Sergio Cortesi
Creators: name: Observatorium Specola Solare Ticinese Locarno (1957 bis 1980 Teil der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte der ETH Zürich)
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 2009

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit schwarzer Farbe und Bleistift, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung für die Beobachtungen in Locarno-Monti auf einem eigenen Vordruck. Instrument: Zeiss-Coudé-Refraktor mit 15 cm Öffnung und 225 cm Brennweite. Bildqualität (SIDC): 3.
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden auf dem Vordruck eingetragen. Zusätzlich sind zuhanden der späteren statistischen Verarbeitung die Angaben für die Bestimmung der Fleckenrelativzahl notiert.
Beobachtungstätigkeit unter eigenständiger Leitung (Associazione Specola Solare Ticinese ASST)
Quasi-normal mode frequencies and gravitational perturbations of black holes with any subextremal spin in modified gravity through METRICS: the scalar-Gauss-Bonnet gravity case
Creators: name: Chung, Adrian Ka-Wai
name: Yunes, Nicolas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The gravitational waves emitted in the ringdown phase of binary black-hole coalescence are a unique probe of strong gravity. Understanding how deviations from general relativity affect the ringdown phase of black holes, however, is extremely challenging, as it requires solving highly-coupled and sometimes higher-order partial differential equations. We here extend a novel approach, \textit{Metric pErTuRbations wIth speCtral methodS} (METRICS), to study the metric perturbations and the quasinormal mode frequencies of ringing black holes in modified gravity. We first derive the asymptotic behavior of metric perturbations at the event horizon and spatial infinity for rotating black holes beyond general relativity. We then extend the eigenvalue-perturbation theory approach of METRICS to allow us to compute the leading-order modified gravity corrections to the quasinormal-mode frequencies and metric perturbations. We apply METRICS to rotating black holes in scalar-Gauss-Bonnet gravity. Without decoupling or simplifying the linearized field equations in this theory, we compute the leading-order corrections to the quasinormal frequencies of the axial and polar perturbations of the $nlm = 022$, 021 and 033 modes of black holes of $a \leq 0.85$. The numerical accuracy of the METRICS frequencies is $\leq 10^{-5}$ for $a \leq 0.6$, $\lesssim 10^{-4}$ for $0.6 < a \leq 0.7 $, and $\lesssim 10^{-2}$ for $0.7 < a \leq 0.85 $ for all modes studied. We fit the frequencies as a polynomial in spin, whose coefficients (up to second order in spin) are consistent with those obtained in previous slow-rotating approximations. These results are the first accurate computations of the gravitational quasinormal-mode frequencies of rapidly rotating black holes (of $a \sim 0.85$) in scalar-Gauss-Bonnet gravity.
description: Matched the published version; abstract trimmed, please refer to the PDF for the full abstract; 24 pages, 8 figures, 6 tables
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung Nr. 283.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 25.11.2009, 10:00, erstellt von Sergio Cortesi
Creators: name: Observatorium Specola Solare Ticinese Locarno (1957 bis 1980 Teil der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte der ETH Zürich)
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 2009

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit schwarzer Farbe und Bleistift, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung für die Beobachtungen in Locarno-Monti auf einem eigenen Vordruck. Instrument: Zeiss-Coudé-Refraktor mit 15 cm Öffnung und 225 cm Brennweite. Bildqualität (SIDC): 3.
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden auf dem Vordruck eingetragen. Zusätzlich sind zuhanden der späteren statistischen Verarbeitung die Angaben für die Bestimmung der Fleckenrelativzahl notiert.
Beobachtungstätigkeit unter eigenständiger Leitung (Associazione Specola Solare Ticinese ASST)
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung Nr. 61.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 19.03.2009, 08:30, erstellt von Sergio Cortesi
Creators: name: Observatorium Specola Solare Ticinese Locarno (1957 bis 1980 Teil der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte der ETH Zürich)
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 2009

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit schwarzer Farbe und Bleistift, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung für die Beobachtungen in Locarno-Monti auf einem eigenen Vordruck. Instrument: Zeiss-Coudé-Refraktor mit 15 cm Öffnung und 225 cm Brennweite. Bildqualität (SIDC): 3.
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden auf dem Vordruck eingetragen. Zusätzlich sind zuhanden der späteren statistischen Verarbeitung die Angaben für die Bestimmung der Fleckenrelativzahl notiert.
Beobachtungstätigkeit unter eigenständiger Leitung (Associazione Specola Solare Ticinese ASST)
First-principles calculations of heat capacities of ultrafast laser-excited electrons in metals
Creators: name: Bévillon, Emile
name: Colombier, Jean-Philippe
name: Recoules, Vanina
name: Stoian, Razvan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Ultrafast laser excitation can induce fast increases of the electronic subsystem temperature. The subsequent electronic evolutions in terms of band structure and energy distribution can determine the change of several thermodynamic properties, including one essential for energy deposition; the electronic heat capacity. Using density functional calculations performed at finite electronic temperatures, the electronic heat capacities dependent on electronic temperatures are obtained for a series of metals, including free electron like, transition and noble metals. The effect of exchange and correlation functionals and the presence of semicore electrons on electronic heat capacities are first evaluated and found to be negligible in most cases. Then, we tested the validity of the free electron approaches, varying the number of free electrons per atom. This shows that only simple metals can be correctly fitted with these approaches. For transition metals, the presence of localized d electrons produces a strong deviation toward high energies of the electronic heat capacities, implying that more energy is needed to thermally excite them, compared to free sp electrons. This is attributed to collective excitation effects strengthened by a change of the electronic screening at high temperature.
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung Nr. 170.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 18.07.2009, 08:30, erstellt von Sergio Cortesi
Creators: name: Observatorium Specola Solare Ticinese Locarno (1957 bis 1980 Teil der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte der ETH Zürich)
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 2009

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit schwarzer Farbe und Bleistift, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung für die Beobachtungen in Locarno-Monti auf einem eigenen Vordruck. Instrument: Zeiss-Coudé-Refraktor mit 15 cm Öffnung und 225 cm Brennweite. Bildqualität (SIDC): 2.
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden auf dem Vordruck eingetragen. Zusätzlich sind zuhanden der späteren statistischen Verarbeitung die Angaben für die Bestimmung der Fleckenrelativzahl notiert.
Beobachtungstätigkeit unter eigenständiger Leitung (Associazione Specola Solare Ticinese ASST)
A detailed time-resolved and energy-resolved spectro-polarimetric study of bright GRBs detected by AstroSat CZTI in its first year of operation
Creators: name: Gupta, Rahul
name: Pandey, S. B.
name: Gupta, S.
name: Chattopadhayay, T.
name: Bhattacharya, D.
name: Bhalerao, V.
name: Castro-Tirado, A. J.
name: Valeev, A.
name: Ror, A. K.
name: Sharma, V.
name: Racusin, J.
name: Aryan, A.
name: Iyyani, S.
name: Vadawale, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The radiation mechanism underlying the prompt emission remains unresolved and can be resolved using a systematic and uniform time-resolved spectro-polarimetric study. In this paper, we investigated the spectral, temporal, and polarimetric characteristics of five bright GRBs using archival data from AstroSat CZTI, Swift BAT, and Fermi GBM. These bright GRBs were detected by CZTI in its first year of operation, and their average polarization characteristics have been published in Chattopadhyay et al. (2022). In the present work, we examined the time-resolved (in 100-600 keV) and energy-resolved polarization measurements of these GRBs with an improved polarimetric technique such as increasing the effective area and bandwidth (by using data from low-gain pixels), using an improved event selection logic to reduce noise in the double events and extend the spectral bandwidth. In addition, we also separately carried out detailed time-resolved spectral analyses of these GRBs using empirical and physical synchrotron models. By these improved time-resolved and energy-resolved spectral and polarimetric studies (not fully coupled spectro-polarimetric fitting), we could pin down the elusive prompt emission mechanism of these GRBs. Our spectro-polarimetric analysis reveals that GRB 160623A, GRB 160703A, and GRB 160821A have Poynting flux-dominated jets. On the other hand, GRB 160325A and GRB 160802A have baryonic-dominated jets with mild magnetization. Furthermore, we observe a rapid change in polarization angle by $\sim$ 90 degrees within the main pulse of very bright GRB 160821A, consistent with our previous results. Our study suggests that the jet composition of GRBs may exhibit a wide range of magnetization, which can be revealed by utilizing spectro-polarimetric investigations of the bright GRBs.
description: 36 pages, 11 figures, Published in ApJ
Additional file 1 of Prevalence of and risk factors for Plasmodium spp. co-infection with hepatitis B virus: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Creators: name: Kwuntida Uthaisar Kotepui
name: Kotepui, Manas
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Age groups of Plasmodium spp. and HBV co-infection and monoinfection.
Thermal noise in BEC-phononic gravitational wave detectors
Creators: name: Sabín, Carlos
name: Kohlrus, Jan
name: Bruschi, David Edward
name: Fuentes, Ivette
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quasiparticles in a Bose-Einstein condensate are sensitive to space-time distortions. Gravitational waves can induce transformations on the state of phonons that can be observed through quantum state discrimination techniques. We show that this method is highly robust to thermal noise and depletion. We derive a bound on the strain sensitivity that shows that the detection of waves in the kHz regime is not significantly affected by temperature in a wide range of parameters that are well within current experimental reach.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures. v2: 9 pages, 5 figures. Appendix added. Published version
Additional file 2 of Prevalence of and risk factors for Plasmodium spp. co-infection with hepatitis B virus: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Creators: name: Kwuntida Uthaisar Kotepui
name: Kotepui, Manas
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Additional file 2: Table S2. Laboratory parameters in Plasmodium spp. and HBV co-infection and monoinfection.
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung Nr. 46.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 02.03.2009, 09:45, erstellt von Marco Cagnotti
Creators: name: Observatorium Specola Solare Ticinese Locarno (1957 bis 1980 Teil der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte der ETH Zürich)
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 2009

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit schwarzer Farbe und Bleistift, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung für die Beobachtungen in Locarno-Monti auf einem eigenen Vordruck. Instrument: Zeiss-Coudé-Refraktor mit 15 cm Öffnung und 225 cm Brennweite. Bildqualität (SIDC): 2.
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden auf dem Vordruck eingetragen. Zusätzlich sind zuhanden der späteren statistischen Verarbeitung die Angaben für die Bestimmung der Fleckenrelativzahl notiert.
Beobachtungstätigkeit unter eigenständiger Leitung (Associazione Specola Solare Ticinese ASST)
Graphene-like conjugated pi-bond system in Pb1-xSnxSe
Creators: name: Shu, G. J.
name: Liou, S. C.
name: Karna, S.
name: Sankar, R.
name: Hayashi, M.
name: Chu, M. -W.
name: Chou, F. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Following the identification of the pi bond in graphene, in this work, a pi bond constructed through side-to-side overlap of half-filled 6pz orbitals was observed in a non-carbon crystal of Pb1-xSnxSe (x=0.34) (PSS), a prototype topological crystalline insulator (TCI) and thermoelectric material with a high figure-of-merit (ZT). PSS compounds with a rock-salt type cubic crystal structure was found to consist of sigma bond connected covalent chains of Pb(Sn)-Se with an additional pi bond that is shared as a conjugated system among the four nearest neighbor Pb pairs in square symmetry within all (001) monoatomic layers per cubic unit cell. The pi bond formed with half-filled 6pz orbitals between Pb atoms is consistent with the calculated results from quantum chemistry. The presence of pi bonds was identified and verified with electron energy-loss spectroscopy (EELS) through plasmonic excitations and electron density (ED) mapping via an inverse Fourier transform of X-ray diffraction.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures, to be published in Appl Phys. Lett
Additional file 4 of Interpretation of serial interferon-gamma test results to measure new tuberculosis infection among household contacts in Zambia and South Africa
Creators: name: Sloot, Rosa
name: Kwame Shanaube
name: Mareli Claassens
name: Telisinghe, Lily
name: Schaap, Ab
name: Godfrey-Faussett, Peter
name: Ayles, Helen
name: Floyd, Sian
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 4 Table A2. Characteristics of household contacts by incident tuberculosis status. 1 Pearson’s chi-squared test, unless stated otherwise. 2 Two-sample Wilcoxon rank-sum (Mann-Whitney) test. * The most recently available QFT test result prior to TB diagnosis was used. For n = 40 contacts who developed TB between V1-V2, this was QFT test result at visit 1. For n = 17 contacts who developed TB between V2-V3, this was QFT test result at visit 2 (n = 12), or at visit 1 when visit 2 QFT test result was missing (n = 5). ** QFT test result at visit 1 was used for the 1165 contacts who did not develop TB during follow-up.
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung Nr. 231.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 20.09.2009, 09:15, erstellt von Andrea Manna
Creators: name: Observatorium Specola Solare Ticinese Locarno (1957 bis 1980 Teil der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte der ETH Zürich)
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 2009

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit schwarzer Farbe und Bleistift, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung für die Beobachtungen in Locarno-Monti auf einem eigenen Vordruck. Instrument: Zeiss-Coudé-Refraktor mit 15 cm Öffnung und 225 cm Brennweite. Bildqualität (SIDC): 3.
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden auf dem Vordruck eingetragen. Zusätzlich sind zuhanden der späteren statistischen Verarbeitung die Angaben für die Bestimmung der Fleckenrelativzahl notiert.
Beobachtungstätigkeit unter eigenständiger Leitung (Associazione Specola Solare Ticinese ASST)
Cyclotron Resonance Assisted Photocurrents in Surface States of a 3D Topological Insulator Based on a Strained High Mobility HgTe Film
Creators: name: Dantscher, K. -M.
name: Kozlov, D. A.
name: Olbrich, P.
name: Zoth, C.
name: Faltermeier, P.
name: Lindner, M.
name: Budkin, G. V.
name: Tarasenko, S. A.
name: Belkov, V. V.
name: Kvon, Z. D.
name: Mikhailov, N. N.
name: Dvoretsky, S. A.
name: Weiss, D.
name: Jenichen, B.
name: Ganichev, S. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on the observation of cyclotron resonance induced photocurrents, excited by continuous wave terahertz radiation, in a 3D topological insulator (TI) based on an 80 nm strained HgTe film. The analysis of the photocurrent formation is supported by complimentary measurements of magneto-transport and radiation transmission. We demonstrate that the photocurrent is generated in the topologically protected surface states. Studying the resonance response in a gated sample we examined the behavior of the photocurrent, which enables us to extract the mobility and the cyclotron mass as a function of the Fermi energy. For high gate voltages we also detected cyclotron resonance (CR) of bulk carriers, with a mass about two times larger than that obtained for the surface states. The origin of the CR assisted photocurrent is discussed in terms of asymmetric scattering of TI surface carriers in the momentum space. Furthermore, we show that studying the photocurrent in gated samples provides a sensitive method to probe the effective masses and the mobility of 2D Dirac surface states, when the Fermi level lies in the bulk energy gap or even in the conduction band.
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung Nr. 295.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 10.12.2009, 10:00, erstellt von Marco Cagnotti
Creators: name: Observatorium Specola Solare Ticinese Locarno (1957 bis 1980 Teil der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte der ETH Zürich)
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 2009

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit schwarzer Farbe und Bleistift, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung für die Beobachtungen in Locarno-Monti auf einem eigenen Vordruck. Instrument: Zeiss-Coudé-Refraktor mit 15 cm Öffnung und 225 cm Brennweite. Bildqualität (SIDC): 3.
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden auf dem Vordruck eingetragen. Zusätzlich sind zuhanden der späteren statistischen Verarbeitung die Angaben für die Bestimmung der Fleckenrelativzahl notiert.
Beobachtungstätigkeit unter eigenständiger Leitung (Associazione Specola Solare Ticinese ASST)
Additional file 2 of Influence of cigarette smoking on biventricular systolic function independent of respiratory function: a cross-sectional study
Creators: name: Watanabe, Yusuke
name: Tajiri, Kazuko
name: Suzuki, Atsuko
name: Nagata, Hiroyuki
name: Kojima, Masayuki
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 2: Supplementary Table 1. Spirometric parameters of the participants according to smoking exposure. Supplementary Table 2. Correlation among lifetime pack-years and spirometric parameters. Supplementary Table 3. Effect of lifetime pack-years on echocardiographic parameters.
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung Nr. 210.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 28.08.2009, 07:30, erstellt von Sergio Cortesi
Creators: name: Observatorium Specola Solare Ticinese Locarno (1957 bis 1980 Teil der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte der ETH Zürich)
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 2009

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit schwarzer Farbe und Bleistift, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung für die Beobachtungen in Locarno-Monti auf einem eigenen Vordruck. Instrument: Zeiss-Coudé-Refraktor mit 15 cm Öffnung und 225 cm Brennweite. Bildqualität (SIDC): 4.
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden auf dem Vordruck eingetragen. Zusätzlich sind zuhanden der späteren statistischen Verarbeitung die Angaben für die Bestimmung der Fleckenrelativzahl notiert.
Beobachtungstätigkeit unter eigenständiger Leitung (Associazione Specola Solare Ticinese ASST)
Observation of geometry dependent conductivity in two-dimensional electron systems
Creators: name: Backes, Dirk
name: Hall, Richard
name: Pepper, Michael
name: Beere, Harvey
name: Ritchie, David
name: Narayan, Vijay
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report electrical conductivity $σ$ measurements on a range of two-dimensional electron gases (2DEGs) of varying linear extent. Intriguingly, at low temperatures ($T$) and low carrier density ($n_{\mathrm{s}}$) we find the behavior to be consistent with $σ\sim L^α$, where $L$ is the length of the 2DEG along the direction of transport. Importantly, such scale-dependent behavior is precisely in accordance with the scaling hypothesis of localization~[Abrahams~\textit{et al.}, Phys. Rev. Lett. \textbf{42}, 673 (1979)] which dictates that in systems where the electronic wave function $ξ$ is localized, $σ$ is not a material-specific parameter, but depends on the system dimensions. From our data we are able to construct the "$β$-function" $\equiv (h/e^2) d \ln σ/ d \ln L$ and show this to be strongly consistent with theoretically predicted limiting values. These results suggest, remarkably, that the electrons in the studied 2DEGs preserve phase coherence over lengths $\sim~10~μ$m. This suggests the utility of the 2DEGs studied towards applications in quantum information as well as towards fundamental investigations into many-body localized phases.