Papuandra norfolkensis Santos-Silva &amp; Heffern &amp; Matsuda 2010, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Santos-Silva, Antonio
name: Heffern, Daniel
name: Matsuda, Kiyoshi
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2010
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Cerambycidae
Papuandra
Papuandra norfolkensis

description: <i>Papuandra norfolkensis</i> sp. nov. (Fig. 7, 8, 89, 148, 149, 150, 230, 273, 341, 397-399) <i>Parandra</i> species; Holloway 1977: 272. <i>Parandra frenchi</i>; Webb 1987: 5 (part). <i>Parandra araucariae</i>; Webb 1994: 325. <i>Parandra</i> ? <i>araucariae</i>; Smithers 1998: 19 (cat.). <b>Etymology</b>. The name refers to the Australian Norfolk Island. <b>Type material</b>. Holotype M, from AUSTRALIA, Norfolk Island: XII.1984, M. Jowett coll. (ANIC). Paratypes (1 M, 5 F), as follows: Norfolk Island: M (in lichens), II.7.1980, R. Paton coll. (MZSP); F, III.1971, donated by residents of the island (ANIC); F (in <i>Araucaria</i> log), II.7.1980, R. Paton coll. (ANIC); F (29 o 02’S, 167 o 57’E; Burnt Pine), 1984, B. Evans coll. (ANIC); F (at light), II.5.1980, R. Paton coll. (ANIC); (Botanic Garden), F, V.1984, L. Hill ANPWS coll. (ANIC). <b>Description</b>. Integument shining, brown; parts of head and mandibles blackish; margins of pronotum and scutellum, and elytral suture, dark-brown. Male (Fig. 397). Dorsal face of head very finely, sparsely punctate; gibbosities separated by shallow and wide furrow, and with projection in posterior part near longitudinal furrow; area between gibbosities and ocular carina with narrow depression; ocular carina narrow, without bifurcation in “Y” near posterior edge of eyes; area behind eyes finely, sparsely punctate. Eyes (Fig. 89) moderately narrow; posterior ocular edge (Fig. 397) distinct, but without abrupt declivity towards posterior part of head. Central area of clypeus oblique. Central projection of labrum (Fig. 7) wide and truncate at apex. Submentum slightly depressed; punctures coarse, shallow and sparse; pilosity short and sparse, with some long hair at anteromedian region; anterior margin narrow, elevated throughout extension. Mandibles not falciform; inner area of left mandible (Fig. 148) larger than in right mandible (Fig. 149); inner margin with two large teeth together protracted, with the projection of teeth of left mandible wider than in right mandible. Dorsal carina notably elevated. Ventral sensorial area of antennomeres III-XI visible from side (Fig. 230) and divided by distinct carina; dorsal sensorial area of antennomere XI moderately wide; pilosity of antennomeres III-XI long and abundant (Fig. 230). Pronotum finely, sparsely punctate at central area, and coarser and more abundantly punctate laterally; anterior edge slightly concave at central area; anterior angles clearly projected forwards. Elytra moderately coarsely, abundantly punctate (coarser and more abundant at lateral and anterior two-thirds); each elytron with two carinae visible. Metasternum glabrous, with some shallow and fine punctures laterally. Metafemur (Fig. 398) short and wide. Dorsal face of metatibiae longitudinally sulcate on apical half. Tibiae with pilosity moderately abundant. Metatarsomere V (without claws) clearly shorter than I-III together (Fig. 273). Female (Fig. 399). Central projection of labrum (Fig. 8) narrow and rounded apically. Mandibles (Fig. 150). Punctation of head, pronotum and elytra as in males. <b>Variability</b>. Integument varies from medium to dark brown; pronotal margins and elytral suture blackish. <b>Dimensions in mm (M / F)</b>. Total length (including mandibles), 9.5-12.2/10.1-15.5; prothorax: length, 2.1-2.8/2.3-3.4; anterior width, 2.4-3.3/2.6-3.7; posterior width, 2.3-3.1/2.5-3.7; humeral width, 2.5-3.3/ 2.8-4.1; elytral length, 5.7-7.3/6.5-9.9. <b>Comments</b>. <i>Papuandra norfolkensis</i> is very similar to <i>P. araucariae</i>, but differs by the: dorsal carina of the mandible of male more elevated throughout extension, including after the middle of the length of the mandible, where the declivity is abrupt at the base; inner face of the right mandible of male narrower and clearly different from that of the left mandible; pilosity of antennae (Fig. 230) obviously more abundant in both sexes; pilosity of tibiae more abundant in both sexes. In <i>P. araucariae</i>, the dorsal carina of the male mandible is elevated only at basal third, and clearly lower after the middle, where the declivity is less abrupt; the inner face of the right mandible of the male is very similar to that of the left mandible and is wide; the pilosity of antennae (Fig. 226) and of tibiae is obviously shorter and sparser in both sexes. Holloway (1977) was the first to record Parandrinae from Norfolk Island: “Mrs. Jowett has also added a <i>Parandra</i> species, resembling the New Guinea <i>araucariae</i> Gressitt and New Caledonian species (Parandrinae)”. Afterwards, Webb (1994), based on the identification of Arigony, recorded <i>Parandra araucariae</i> from Norfolk Island, but he was in doubt: “This lack of previous evidence of its presence on Norfolk Island, the geographical distance from its previously known distribution and the absence of <i>P. araucariae</i> and other group 1 <i>Parandra</i> (<i>Parandra</i>) (<i>sensu</i> Arigony 1984) from other islands of the New Zealand block invites some suspicion about its status on Norfolk Island. <i>Parandra araucariae</i> may have been accidentally introduced to Norfolk Island in timber (although there is no clear evidence of this). Alternatively, it may represent a relict population of <i>P. araucariae</i> which may have been more widespread in the past (although there is no fossil evidence to support this either) or it may represent a new species closely allied to <i>P. araucariae</i>. Webb (1994) listed only females in “material examined”, and wrote: “Further study on a larger sample (including males) is required”. However, one of the specimens examined by him is a small male and not a female: “R. Paton, 7 Feb 1980, in fungus, F, ANIC”. Probably, the specimen recorded in Webb (1987) is the same recorded in Webb (1994), respectively: “R. Paton; 1980; Norfolk Island; <i>Araucariae excelsa</i> (3); ANIC”; “R. Paton, 7 Feb 1980, in Araucaria log, F, ANIC”.
description: Published as part of <i>Santos-Silva, Antonio, Heffern, Daniel &amp; Matsuda, Kiyoshi, 2010, Revision of Hawaiian, Australasian, Oriental, and Japanese Parandrinae (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae), pp. 1-120 in Insecta Mundi 2010 (130)</i> on pages 69-71, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5164485
description: {"references": ["Holloway, J. D. 1977. The Lepidoptera of Norfolk Island: their biogeography and ecology. The Hague, W. Junk, Series Entomologica 13: i-vi + 291 p.", "Webb, G. A. 1987. Larval host plants of Cerambycidae (Coleoptera) held in some Australian insect collections. Forestry Commission of New South Wales. Technical Paper 38: 1 - 19.", "Webb, G. A. 1994. Parandra araucariae Gressitt (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae: Parandrinae): a new record for Norfolk Island. Memoirs of the Queensland Museum 37 (1): 325 - 328.", "Smithers, C. N. 1998. A species list and bibliography of the insects recorded from Norfolk Island. Technical Reports of the Australian Museum 13: 1 - 55.", "Arigony, T. H. A. 1984. O subgenero Parandra Latreille, 1804 (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae, Parandrinae): Estudo fenetico e cladistico de 12 especies. Iheringia (Serie Zoologia) (64): 87 - 125, 66 fig."]}