Paranura Smolis & Deharveng, 2015, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Smolis, Adrian
name: Deharveng, Louis
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2015
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Entognatha
Collembola
Neanuridae
Paranura

description: Key to species of the genus Paranura
New species described here make it necessary to update the key that was provided by Palacios-Vargas and Simón Benito in 2008. Aside the new species described here, the new key includes among others species P. najtae Deharveng & Weiner, 1984, P. clavisetis and P. s-uenoi Yosii, 1955 that were not considered by Palacios-Vargas and Simón Benito (2008). The first species, P. najtae (described from North Korea) was synonymised with P. ieti (Yosii 1966) described from Nepal (Cassagnau 1991). As differential characters between najtae and ieti are not discussed by Cassagnau (1991), the synonymy he proposes cannot be accepted at the moment. Our own observations suggest that the two species, though very similar morphologically, may be distinguished by the number of lateral chaetae and posterior tubercles on head. However, it should be noted that there are large differences between the different available descriptions of P. ieti (Cassagnau 1991; Lee 1981; Yosii 1966, 1969) and undoubtedly the species needs revision based on type material or specimens from type locality. For the same reason, the synonymy between clavisetis and sexpunctata proposed by Massoud (1967) cannot be retained here, as the differential characters given in the original description (Axelson, 1902) were not discussed when he placed the former species in synonymy of P. sexpunctata. Our key includes also P. s-uenoi that was considered by Palacios- Vargas and Simón Benito as a member of Nahuanura Palacios-Vargas & Najt, 1986, a genus characterized by the presence of reticulations on parts of the body (Palacios-Vargas & Najt 1986). A detailed analysis of morphology of P. s-uenoi and related P. reticulata sp. nov. show that both species rather resembles the genus Oregonanura Smolis, 2008 (Smolis 2008b) in having a unique very long abdominal segment V which is twice longer than the last one. In addition, the reticulation pattern of Nahuanura Palacios-Vargas & Najt, 1986 and the cited species are quite different, suggesting that it developed independantly (see remarks of P. reticulata sp. nov.). In comparison to both disputed species, Oreganura, however, has complete and strong developed tuberculation on the body. In the light of these facts we decided to classify P. s-uenoi and P. reticulata sp.nov. within Paranura. Regarding P. anops, it is not included in the key as it belongs to the genus Paleonura Cassagnau, 1982 of the tribe Paleonurini by its unpigmented eyes (Palacios-Vargas & Simón Benito 2007b, Smolis & Kadej 2014). In addition, Paranura quadripunctata Yosii, 1966 from Nepal, considered as a species inquirenda by Cassagnau (1991), is not included in the key. Diagnostic characters of the central area of head are unknown in this species.
1 Head with 2+2 eyes.................................................................................... 2
- Head with 3+3 eyes................................................................................... 23
2 Tubercle Oc on head with 2 chaetae....................................................................... 3
- Tubercle Oc on head with 3 chaetae...................................................................... 12
3 Thorax II–III with 2 chaetae Di........................................................................... 4
-. Thorax II–III with 3 chaetae Di........................................................................... 6
4 Head without chaetae A......................................................... P. squamosa Cassagnau, 1991
- Head with chaetae A................................................................................... 5
5 Thorax II–III with 2 chaetae L........................................... P. timorensis Yoshii & Suhardjono, 1992
- Thorax II–III with 3 chaetae L............................................. P. nudifera Yoshii & Suhardjono, 1992
6 Head with chaetae A and C.............................................................................. 7
- Head without chaetae A and C.......................................................................... 11
7 Thorax II–III with 3 and 4 ordinary chaetae De respectively, grey or blue pigment present on body..................................................................................... P. impedita Palacios-Vargas & Deharveng 1987
- Thorax II–III with 2 ordinary chaetae De, no grey or blue pigment present on body................................. 8
8 Thorax II–III with 2 ordinary chaetae Dl................................................................... 9
- Thorax II–III with 3 ordinary chaetae Dl.................................................................. 10
9 Abd. I–III with 1 ordinary chaeta De................................................... P. meo Deharveng, 1989
- Abd. I–III with 2 ordinary chaeta De............................................. P. godavarica Cassagnau, 1991
10 Head with chaeta O, abdomen IV with chaetae De shifted towards chaetae Dl................................................................................................. P. tapatia Palacios-Vargas & Peńaranda-Parada, 2005
- Head without chaeta O, abdomen IV with chaetae De not shifted.. P. colombiana Palacios-Vargas & Peńaranda-Parada, 2005
11 Thorax II–III with 1 ordinary chaeta De................................................ P. johorensis (Yosii, 1976)
- Thorax II–III with 2 and 2-3 ordinary chaetae De respectively........................... P. garoensis Cassagnau, 1991
12 Head with chaeta O................................................................................... 13
- Head without chaeta O................................................................................ 20
13 Abdomen V with 2+2 chaetae Di........................................................................ 14
- Abdomen V with 3+3 chaetae Di........................................................................ 17
14 Thorax II with 2 ordinary chaetae De................................................ P. bisetosa Deharveng, 1989
- Thorax II with 3 ordinary chaetae De..................................................................... 15
15 Thorax III with 3 ordinary chaetae De............................ P. quadrilobata Hammer, 1953 sensu Fjellberg 1985
- Thorax III with 4 ordinary chaetae De.................................................................... 16
16 Abdomen IV with 1 ordinary chaeta De, trochanters with 6 chaetae.......................... P. microchaetosa sp. nov.
- Abdomen IV with 2 ordinary chaetae De, trochanters with 5 chaetae.......................... P. kedrovayensis sp. nov.
17 Thorax II–III with 2 and 3 ordinary chaetae De respectively............................... P. dalgeri Deharveng, 1989
- Thorax II–III with 3 and 4 ordinary chaetae De respectively................................................... 18
18 Tibiotarsi without chaeta M..................................................... P. tibiotarsalis Deharveng, 1989
- Tibiotarsi with chaeta M............................................................................... 19
19 Abdomen V with tubercles Di separate, abdomen II without chaetae Ve, furcal remnant without microchaetae........................................................................................... P. modesta Deharveng, 1989
- Abdomen V with tubercles Di fused, abdomen II with chaetae Ve, furcal remnant with microchaetae. P. cassagnaui sp. nov.
20 Thorax III with 3 ordinary chaetae De.................................................................... 21
- Thorax III with 2 ordinary chaetae De.................................................................... 22
21 Abdomen V with 2+2 chaetae Di..................................................... P. tamul Cassagnau, 1988
- Abdomen V with 3+3 chaetae Di.................................................. P. coenobita Cassagnau, 1991
22 Thorax II–III with 2 ordinary chaetae Dl............................................ P. globulifer Deharveng, 1989
- Thorax II–III with 3 ordinary chaetae Dl.............................................. P. leclerci Deharveng, 1989
23 Abdomen V at least twice longer thanVI.................................................................. 24
- Abdomen V slightly longer than VI...................................................................... 25
24 Thorax III with 3 ordinary chaetae De, abdomen V with 2+2 ordinary chaetae Di.................. P. s-uenoi Yosii, 1955
- Thorax III with 4 ordinary chaetae De, abdomen V with 3+3 ordinary chaetae Di................... P. reticulata sp. nov.
25 Abdomen V–VI with clear clavate chaetae................................................................. 26
- Abdomen V–VI without clear clavate chaetae.............................................................. 27
26 Tibiotarsi I, II and III with 12, 12 and 11 chaetae respectively............................. P. clavisetis (Axelson, 1902)
- Tibiotarsi I, II and III with 19, 19 and 18 chaetae respectively............................. P. sitchensis Fjellberg, 1985
27 Tubercle Oc on head with 2 chaetae...................................................................... 28
- Tubercle Oc on head with 3 chaetae...................................................................... 32
28 Thorax I with 1 chaeta De.............................................................................. 29
- Thorax I with 2 chaetae De............................................................................. 30
29 Abdomen I–IV with 2 ordinary chaetae De.......................... P. sarukhani Palacios-Vargas & Deharveng, 1987
- Abdomen I–IV with 1 ordinary chaeta De............................... P. jorgei Palacios-Vargas & Deharveng, 1987
30 Thorax II with 2 ordinary chaetae De............................ P. longisensillata Palacios-Vargas & Deharveng, 1987
- Thorax II with 3 ordinary chaetae De..................................................................... 31
31 Thorax III with 3 ordinary chaetae De.......................... P. magdalenae Simón Benito & Palacios-Vargas, 2008
- Thorax III with 4 ordinary chaetae De............................. P. rooensis Simón Benito & Palacios-Vargas, 2008
32 Head with chaeta O................................................................................... 33
- Head without chaeta O................................................................................ 43
33 Tibiotarsi I, II and III with 12, 12 and 11 chaetae respectively........................... P. sexpunctata (Axelson, 1902)
- Tibiotarsi I–III with higher number of chaetae respectively.................................................... 34
34 Thorax III with 2 or 3 ordinary chaetae De................................................................. 35
- Thorax III with 4 ordinary chaetae De.................................................................... 36
35 Thorax III with 2 ordinary chaetae De, head with chaeta E......................... P. chiangdaoensis Deharveng, 1989
- Thorax III with 3 ordinary chaetae De, head without chaeta E.................................................................................................. P. colorata Mills, 1934 sensu Simón Benito & Palacios-Vargas, 2008
36 Abdomen V with 3+3 chaetae Di........................................................................ 37
- Abdomen V with 2+2 chaetae Di........................................................................ 39
37 Tubercle (L+So) on head with 9 chaetae..................................................... P. ieti (Yosii, 1966)
- Tubercle (L+So) on head with 10 chaetae.................................................................. 38
38 Abdomen V with tubercles Di separate, trochanters with 5 chaetae, furcal remnant with microchaetae, no grey or blue pigment present on body.......................................................... P. najtae Deharveng & Weiner, 1984
- Abdomen V with tubercles Di fused, trochanters with 6 chaetae, furcal remnant without microchaetae, grey or blue pigment present on body....................................................................... P. conjuncta sp. nov.
39 Head with additional chaetae in central area................................................... P. setosa sp. nov.
- Head without additional chaetae in central area............................................................. 40
40 Trochanters with 5 chaetae, abdomen II without chaetae Ve1, no grey or blue pigment present on body.......................................................................................... P. koryoi Deharveng & Weiner, 1984
- Trochanters with 6 chaetae, abdomen II with chaetae Ve1, grey or blue pigment present on body...................... 41
41 Labium with 11+11 chaetae, formula of labral chaetotaxy: 4/5, 4; furcal remnant without microchaetae.................................................................................... P. mjohjangensis Deharveng & Weiner, 1984
- Labium with 10+10 chaetae, formula of labral chaetotaxy other, furcal remnant with microchaetae.................... 42
42 Abdomen IV with 1 ordinary chaeta De, distal part of labrum with 4 chaetae..................... P. oregonensis sp. nov.
- Abdomen IV with 2 ordinary chaetae De, distal part of labrum with 2 chaetae........................ P. reducta sp. nov.
43 Thorax II–III with 2 ordinary chaetae De........................................... P. tridentata Lee & Kim, 1984
- Thorax II–III with 4 ordinary chaetae De............................................... P. rosea Lee & Kim, 1984
description: Published as part of Smolis, Adrian & Deharveng, Louis, 2015, Diversity of Paranura Axelson, 1902 (Collembola: Neanuridae: Neanurinae) in Pacific Region of Russia and United States, pp. 203-236 in Zootaxa 4033 (2) on pages 233-235, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4033.2.2, http://zenodo.org/record/236706