cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
(1181) Anne Blundell
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Exposure to fine particulate matter and temporal dynamics of episodic memory and depressive symptoms in older women
Creators: name: Chen, J.-C.
name: Espeland, M.A.
name: Petkus, A.J.
name: Younan, D.
name: Widaman, K.
name: Manson, J.E.
name: Gatz, M.
name: Wang, X.
name: Chui, H.
name: Vizuete, W.
name: Serre, M.
name: Resnick, S.
Publisher: name: Elsevier Ltd
Year: 2020

description: Background: Emerging data suggests PM2.5 (particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter <2.5 μm) may be associated with both earlier declines in episodic memory (EM) and increased depressive symptoms in older adults. Although late-life depressive symptoms are associated with EM, no longitudinal studies have examined the inter-relationship among PM2.5, depressive symptoms and EM. Methods: Older women (n = 2,202; aged 67–83 in 1999) enrolled in the Women's Health Initiative Study of Cognitive Aging completed up to eight annual assessments of depressive symptoms (15-item Geriatric Depression Scale) and EM (California Verbal Learning Test). A nationwide spatiotemporal model (1999–2010) was used to estimate ambient PM2.5 exposure at residential locations. Univariate and bivariate structural equation models (SEMs) for latent-change scores were used to examine how 3-year average PM2.5 preceding each assessment affects the temporal dynamics and bidirectional relations of annual changes in depressive symptoms and EM. Results: In univariate SEMs, one inter-quartile (4.04 μg/m3) increment of 3-year PM2.5 was significantly (p < 0.05) associated with accelerated declines in verbal learning (List A trials 1–3: β = −1.48) and free-recall memory (short-delay: β = −1.43; long-delay: β = −1.11), but not with change in depressive symptoms (β = 0.12; p = 0.71). In bivariate SEMs, significant associations were observed between PM2.5 and accelerated declines in EM measures (β = −1.44 to −0.99; p < 0.05) and between EM performance and changes in depressive symptoms (β = −0.08 to −0.05; p < 0.05), with significant indirect PM2.5 effects on changes in depressive symptoms (β = 0.08–0.10; p < 0.05). These findings were robust with adjustment for multiple demographic, lifestyle, and clinical factors, and remained after excluding subjects with dementia or mild cognitive impairment. No associations were found between PM2.5 and change in depressive symptoms or depressive symptoms and subsequent EM decline. Conclusions: Findings suggest that PM2.5 neurotoxicity may damage brain areas implicated in EM, followed by manifestation of depressive symptoms. Our data did not support depressive symptoms as the neuropsychological mediator of accelerated brain aging associated with PM2.5 exposure.
Spectrum of non-Hermitian deep-Hebbian neural networks
Creators: name: Jiang, Zijian
name: Chen, Ziming
name: Hou, Tianqi
name: Huang, Haiping
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Neural networks with recurrent asymmetric couplings are important to understand how episodic memories are encoded in the brain. Here, we integrate the experimental observation of wide synaptic integration window into our model of sequence retrieval in the continuous time dynamics. The model with non-normal neuron-interactions is theoretically studied by deriving a random matrix theory of the Jacobian matrix in neural dynamics. The spectra bears several distinct features, such as breaking rotational symmetry about the origin, and the emergence of nested voids within the spectrum boundary. The spectral density is thus highly non-uniformly distributed in the complex plane. The random matrix theory also predicts a transition to chaos. In particular, the edge of chaos provides computational benefits for the sequential retrieval of memories. Our work provides a systematic study of time-lagged correlations with arbitrary time delays, and thus can inspire future studies of a broad class of memory models, and even big data analysis of biological time series.
description: 65 pages, 12 figures, revised version for publication
(1176) Fanny Beckett Smith
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Two-wavelet theory in Weinstein setting
Creators: name: Saoudi, Ahmed
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Primary 43A32, Secondary 44A15

description: In this paper we introduce the notion of a Weinstein two-wavelet. Then we establish and prove the resolution of the identity formula for the Weinstein continuous wavelet transform. Next, we give results on Calderón's type reproducing formula in the context of the Weinstein two-wavelet.
Data, scripts and supplementary materials for "Phylogeographic breaks and how to find them: An empirical attempt at separating vicariance from isolation by distance in a lizard with restricted dispersal" (Rancilhac et al. 2023)
Creators: name: Rancilhac, Loïs
name: Miralles, Aurélien
name: Geniez, Philippe
name: Mendez-Aranda, Daniel
name: Beddek, Menad
name: Brito, José Carlos
name: Leblois, Raphaël
name: Crochet, Pierre-André
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Acanthodactylus, Isolation by Distance, Morocco, Phylogeography, Vicariance, Admixture, Cytonucelar discordance, Phylogeographic breaks

description: The .zip archive contains an R script (with annotations) and the associated data (genotypes at 9 nuclear markers and geographic coordinates of the analysed samples) used to test correlations between geographic and genetic distances in the lizard Acanthodactylus erythrurus. Geographic coordinates are provided in csv format, genotypes in geno format and genetic distance matrices in plain text format. The R script can be run as it is in a directory containing the data files. See also https://github.com/rancilhac/IBD_vs_Vicariance. The two other files contain the supplementary materials for the publication: list of the samples used with genbank accessions in the xlsx spreadsheet, and supplementary tables, figures and text in the docx document.
A SAT Encoding for Optimal Clifford Circuit Synthesis
Creators: name: Schneider, Sarah
name: Burgholzer, Lukas
name: Wille, Robert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Emerging Technologies (cs.ET)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Executing quantum algorithms on a quantum computer requires compilation to representations that conform to all restrictions imposed by the device. Due to device's limited coherence times and gate fidelities, the compilation process has to be optimized as much as possible. To this end, an algorithm's description first has to be synthesized using the device's gate library. In this paper, we consider the optimal synthesis of Clifford circuits -- an important subclass of quantum circuits, with various applications. Such techniques are essential to establish lower bounds for (heuristic) synthesis methods and gauging their performance. Due to the huge search space, existing optimal techniques are limited to a maximum of six qubits. The contribution of this work is twofold: First, we propose an optimal synthesis method for Clifford circuits based on encoding the task as a satisfiability (SAT) problem and solving it using a SAT solver in conjunction with a binary search scheme. The resulting tool is demonstrated to synthesize optimal circuits for up to $26$ qubits -- more than four times as many as the current state of the art. Second, we experimentally show that the overhead introduced by state-of-the-art heuristics exceeds the lower bound by $27\%$ on average. The resulting tool is publicly available at https://github.com/cda-tum/qmap.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures
Violent relaxation of ellipsoidal clouds
Creators: name: Benhaiem, David
name: Labini, Francesco Sylos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An isolated, initially cold and ellipsoidal cloud of self-gravitating particles represents a relatively simple system to study the effects of the deviations from spherical symmetry in the mechanism of violent relaxation. Initial deviations from spherical symmetry are shown to play a dynamical role that is equivalent to that of density fluctuations in the case of an initially spherical cloud. Indeed, these deviations control the amount of particles energy change and thus determine the properties of the final energy distribution, particularly the appearance of two species of particles: bound and free. Ejection of mass and energy from the system together with the formation of a density profile decaying as $ρ(r) \sim r^{-4}$ and a Keplerian radial velocity dispersion profile, are the prominent features similar to those observed after the violent relaxation of spherical clouds. In addition, we find that ejected particles are characterized by highly non-spherical shapes, whose features can be traced in the initial deviations from spherical symmetry that are amplified during the dynamical evolution: particles can indeed form anisotropic configurations, like bars and/or disks, even though the initial cloud was very close to spherical.
description: 12 pages, 19 figures
Policy Brief, Issue 1/Fast growing mid-sized firms in Europe. Evidence from the RISIS-Cheetah database
Creators: name: Camerani, Roberto
name: Guerini, Massimiliano
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: CHEETAH
fast-growing midsize firm
RISIS datasets

description: This policy brief presents new evidence on a policy relevant category of firms, fast growing mid-sized firms which have received limited attention in the academic and policy debate so far.
 Adopting a classification of firms often cited in the literature (Acs et al., 2008) that defines categories of firms using animal analogies (e.g. mice, gazelles, and elephants) we label these fast growing mid-sized firms as “Cheetah firms” (based on the RISIS-Cheetah dataset). The evidence presented here suggests that Cheetah firms can play a key role for economic growth and job creation, and thus they represent an important policy focus for the future.
 Specifically, the analysis shows that fast growing mid-sized firms are quite widespread but not evenly distributed both across European countries as well as within those countries. These firms present different characteristics compared to the other mid-sized firms, in terms of geographical localization and sectoral specialization. The analysis also suggests that that even though these firms manage to be fast growing, they find it hard to maintain such performance over time. Finally, several economic, demographic, and knowledge-related regional factors are associated to the emergence of clusters of fast growing mid-sized firms in European regions.
 The analysis of these firms in Europe provides some useful implications for policymakers. For instance, specific geographic areas seem to play a particularly important role, e.g. the Baltic and Eastern European countries, or other regions that are characterized by certain agglomeration dynamics and the presence of skilled human capital.
 Future developments of RISIS-Cheetah and a further integration within the RISIS data infrastructure will open new avenues for research and provide novel insights for evidence-based policy making.
(1178) Maria Dempsey
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Policy Brief, Issue 5/Exploring higher education institutions classification: a challenge for differentiated policy strategies
Creators: name: Lepori Benedetto
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Higher Education Institutions
heterogeneity
RISIS-ETER
classification
policy strategies

description: This study advances our understanding of the heterogeneity of Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) in Europe by leveraging on an extended version of the European Tertiary Education Register (ETER, www.eter-project.com) enriched with research output data within the RISIS2 project (risis2.eu). By using advanced statistical techniques, we are able to classify more than 2,000 HEIs 28 European countries in six classes, that differ in terms of two main dimensions, i.e. the orientation towards education vs. research and the subject specialization towards natural sciences vs. human and social sciences. Further, we show how the classification can be mobilized for comparative analysis of the structure of national higher education systems. On this basis, we distinguish between three types of national systems, based on the role of universities in education and on the extent of specialization in technological research and education. We further demonstrate different patterns of blurring between the universities and the college sector, including a model where colleges develop a distinct specialization towards technical education and applied research. The classification has relevant scholarly, policy and managerial implications. It allows investigating heterogeneity in higher education beyond national specificities and might contribute to a better understanding by policymakers and higher education managers of the diversity of the classes of HEIs found in the system. The latter will be relevant in order to design tailored policies to specific classes of HEIs, but also for HEIs themselves to develop strategies that fit their own characteristics and positioning within the system.
Dark matter ignition of type Ia supernovae
Creators: name: Bramante, Joseph
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent studies of low redshift type Ia supernovae (SNIa) indicate that half explode from less than Chandrasekhar mass white dwarfs, implying ignition must proceed from something besides the canonical criticality of Chandrasekhar mass SNIa progenitors. We show that $1-100$ PeV mass asymmetric dark matter, with imminently detectable nucleon scattering interactions, can accumulate to the point of self-gravitation in a white dwarf and collapse, shedding gravitational potential energy by scattering off nuclei, thereby heating the white dwarf and igniting the flame front that precedes SNIa. We combine data on SNIa masses with data on the ages of SNIa-adjacent stars. This combination reveals a $2.8 σ$ inverse correlation between SNIa masses and ignition ages, which could result from increased capture of dark matter in 1.4 versus 1.1 solar mass white dwarfs. Future studies of SNIa in galactic centers will provide additional tests of dark-matter-induced type Ia ignition. Remarkably, both bosonic and fermionic SNIa-igniting dark matter also resolve the missing pulsar problem by forming black holes in $\gtrsim 10$ Myr old pulsars at the center of the Milky Way.
description: 6 pages, 2 figures, PRL version considers hotter, denser white dwarfs, references added
Hybrid normal-superconducting Aharonov-Bohm quantum thermal device
Creators: name: Blasi, Gianmichele
name: Giazotto, Francesco
name: Haack, Géraldine
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose and theoretically investigate the behavior of a ballistic Aharonov-Bohm (AB) ring when embedded in a N-S two-terminal setup, consisting of a normal metal (N) and superconducting (S) leads. This device is based on available current technologie and we show in this work that it constitutes a promising hybrid quantum thermal device, as quantum heat engine and quantum thermal rectifier. Remarkably, we evidence the interplay of single-particle quantum interferences in the AB ring and of the superconducting properties of the structure to achieve the hybrid operating mode for this quantum device. Its efficiency as a quantum heat engine reaches $55\%$ of the Carnot efficiency, and we predict thermal rectification factor attaining $350\%$. These predictions make this device highly promising for future phase-coherent caloritronic nanodevices.
Recent Developments in Farm Planning: Investment Planning by Monte Carlo Simulation
Creators: name: Dent, J. Barry
name: Byrne, P.F.
name: Dent, J. Barry
name: Byrne, P.F.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1969
Subjects: Farm Management

description: The development of Monte Carlo programming as a farm planning method is reviewed. The possibility of applying this method and linear programming to investment planning is discussed in relation to two main types of problem. It is concluded that Monte Carlo programming is well suited to planning problems involving investment in fixed equipment and machinery partly because of the need for integer solutions and partly because of the largely exclusive nature of the investment opportunities. Neither of these points can be directed towards the investment problem in land improvement. Present Monte Carlo methods tend to be cumbersome for this type of problem though slightly adapted algorithms may prove to be of considerable value.
(1174) George Alderson Smith
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Algebraic Methods in the Congested Clique
Creators: name: Censor-Hillel, Keren
name: Kaski, Petteri
name: Korhonen, Janne H.
name: Lenzen, Christoph
name: Paz, Ami
name: Suomela, Jukka
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: Data Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this work, we use algebraic methods for studying distance computation and subgraph detection tasks in the congested clique model. Specifically, we adapt parallel matrix multiplication implementations to the congested clique, obtaining an $O(n^{1-2/ω})$ round matrix multiplication algorithm, where $ω< 2.3728639$ is the exponent of matrix multiplication. In conjunction with known techniques from centralised algorithmics, this gives significant improvements over previous best upper bounds in the congested clique model. The highlight results include: -- triangle and 4-cycle counting in $O(n^{0.158})$ rounds, improving upon the $O(n^{1/3})$ triangle detection algorithm of Dolev et al. [DISC 2012], -- a $(1 + o(1))$-approximation of all-pairs shortest paths in $O(n^{0.158})$ rounds, improving upon the $\tilde{O} (n^{1/2})$-round $(2 + o(1))$-approximation algorithm of Nanongkai [STOC 2014], and -- computing the girth in $O(n^{0.158})$ rounds, which is the first non-trivial solution in this model. In addition, we present a novel constant-round combinatorial algorithm for detecting 4-cycles.
description: This is work is a merger of arxiv:1412.2109 and arxiv:1412.2667
Chemical Characteristics and Ozone Production in the Northern Colorado Front Range
Creators: name: Wang, C.-T.
name: Flocke, F.
name: Barth, M.
name: Walters, S.
name: Pfister, G.
name: Vizuete, W.
Publisher: name: Blackwell Publishing Ltd
Year: 2019

description: We use the extensive set of aircraft and ground-based observations from the NSF/National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) and State of Colorado Front Range Air Pollution and Photochemistry Éxperiment and the NASA DISCOVER-AQ experiments in summer 2014 together with the regional chemical transport model Weather Research and Forecast Model with Chemistry (WRF-Chem) to study the ozone production and chemical regimes in the Northern Colorado Front Range (NFR). We apply the model's Integrated Reaction Rate capability and chemical tendencies diagnostics and present results from an in-depth analysis of the ozone formation in various NFR regions for a case study of 12 August 2014. We further apply these diagnostics along a WRF online trajectory to assess the chemical evolution of an airmass during transport. The results show efficient ozone production within the NFR driven by the availability of NOx and an abundance of highly reactive volatile organic compound and also continued ozone production during the transport into the mountains. We identify CO, formaldehyde, higher alkanes, acetaldehyde, and isoprene among the volatile organic compound species with the highest efficiency in ozone production. Formaldehyde and acetaldehyde concentrations in the NFR have a significant contribution from photochemical production, which in turn is linked back to methane oxidation and to emissions of higher alkanes, isoprene, ethane, and propane. This study provides valuable policy information into the chemical fingerprint of surface ozone in the NFR, an area that is in nonattainment of the U.S. EPA ozone health standards and demonstrates the capability of the newly added diagnostic tool in WRF-Chem to address the drivers behind secondary production of pollutants in greater detail.
Raw data, backup and versioning: What you need to know to preserve your research data
Creators: name: VENKATARAMAN, Shanmugasundaram
name: Moura, Paula
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: open science, data formats, raw data, versioning, backup, dmp, rdm

description: This guide covers practical issues in RDM lifecycle like raw data identification, data version management and important tips when creating backups. This support material (guide) is available in the OpenAIRE portal - https://www.openaire.eu/guides
(1171) Ann Catherine Jane Metcalfe
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Emergence of product of constant curvature spaces in loop quantum cosmology
Creators: name: Dadhich, Naresh
name: Joe, Anton
name: Singh, Parampreet
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The loop quantum dynamics of Kantowski-Sachs spacetime and the interior of higher genus black hole spacetimes with a cosmological constant has some peculiar features not shared by various other spacetimes in loop quantum cosmology. As in the other cases, though the quantum geometric effects resolve the physical singularity and result in a non-singular bounce, after the bounce a spacetime with small spacetime curvature does not emerge in either the subsequent backward or the forward evolution. Rather, in the asymptotic limit the spacetime manifold is a product of two constant curvature spaces. Interestingly, though the spacetime curvature of these asymptotic spacetimes is very high, their effective metric is a solution to the Einstein's field equations. Analysis of the components of the Ricci tensor shows that after the singularity resolution, the Kantowski-Sachs spacetime leads to an effective metric which can be interpreted as the `charged' Nariai, while the higher genus black hole interior can similarly be interpreted as anti Bertotti-Robinson spacetime with a cosmological constant. These spacetimes are `charged' in the sense that the energy momentum tensor that satisfies the Einstein's field equations is formally the same as the one for the uniform electromagnetic field, albeit it has a purely quantum geometric origin. The asymptotic spacetimes also have an emergent cosmological constant which is different in magnitude, and sometimes even its sign, from the cosmological constant in the Kantowski-Sachs and the interior of higher genus black hole metrics. With a fine tuning of the latter cosmological constant, we show that `uncharged' Nariai, and anti Bertotti-Robinson spacetimes with a vanishing emergent cosmological constant can also be obtained.
description: References added. Published in CQG
The XeBRA platform for liquid xenon time projection chamber development
Creators: name: Baur, Daniel
name: Bismark, Alexander
name: Brown, Adam
name: Dierle, Julia
name: Fischer, Horst
name: Glade-Beucke, Robin
name: Grigat, Jaron
name: Kaminsky, Basho
name: Kuger, Fabian
name: Lindemann, Sebastian
name: Masson, Darryl
name: Meinhardt, Patrick
name: Silva, Mariana Rajado
name: Schumann, Marc
name: Tönnies, Florian
name: Toschi, Francesco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: XeBRA is a flexible cryogenic platform designed to perform research and development for liquid xenon detectors searching for rare events. Its extra-large outer cryostat makes it possible to install a wide variety of detector designs. We present the system, including its cryogenic, gas handling, data acquisition and slow control subsystems. Two dual phase time projection chambers with sensitive masses at the 1 kg scale have so far been operated in XeBRA. Using data from these, we determine the field-dependence of the electron drift velocity in liquid xenon. We also measure the relative charge and light yields for 41.5 keV energy deposits from Kr-83m with electric drift fields between 50 V/cm and 677 V/cm.
description: 19 pages, 12 figures, accepted for publication by JINST
Energy Sharing for Multiple Sensor Nodes with Finite Buffers
Creators: name: Padakandla, Sindhu
name: J, Prabuchandran K.
name: Bhatnagar, Shalabh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We consider the problem of finding optimal energy sharing policies that maximize the network performance of a system comprising of multiple sensor nodes and a single energy harvesting (EH) source. Sensor nodes periodically sense the random field and generate data, which is stored in the corresponding data queues. The EH source harnesses energy from ambient energy sources and the generated energy is stored in an energy buffer. Sensor nodes receive energy for data transmission from the EH source. The EH source has to efficiently share the stored energy among the nodes in order to minimize the long-run average delay in data transmission. We formulate the problem of energy sharing between the nodes in the framework of average cost infinite-horizon Markov decision processes (MDPs). We develop efficient energy sharing algorithms, namely Q-learning algorithm with exploration mechanisms based on the $ε$-greedy method as well as upper confidence bound (UCB). We extend these algorithms by incorporating state and action space aggregation to tackle state-action space explosion in the MDP. We also develop a cross entropy based method that incorporates policy parameterization in order to find near optimal energy sharing policies. Through simulations, we show that our algorithms yield energy sharing policies that outperform the heuristic greedy method.
description: 38 pages, 10 figures
Hey, robot! An investigation of getting robot's attention through touch
Creators: name: Lehmann, Hagen
name: Rojik, Adam
name: Friebe, Kassandra
name: Hoffmann, Matej
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Touch is a key part of interaction and communication between humans, but has still been little explored in human-robot interaction. In this work, participants were asked to approach and touch a humanoid robot on the hand (Nao - 26 participants; Pepper - 28 participants) to get its attention. We designed reaction behaviors for the robot that consisted in four different combinations of arm movements with the touched hand moving forward or back and the other hand moving forward or staying in place, with simultaneous leaning back, followed by looking at the participant. We studied which reaction of the robot people found the most appropriate and what was the reason for their choice. For both robots, the preferred reaction of the robot hand being touched was moving back. For the other hand, no movement at all was rated most natural for the Pepper, while it was movement forward for the Nao. A correlation between the anxiety subscale of the participants' personality traits and the passive to active/aggressive nature of the robot reactions was found. Most participants noticed the leaning back and rated it positively. Looking at the participant was commented on positively by some participants in unstructured comments. We also analyzed where and how participants spontaneously touched the robot on the hand. In summary, the touch reaction behaviors designed here are good candidates to be deployed more generally in social robots, possibly including incidental touch in crowded environments. The robot size constitutes one important factor shaping how the robot reaction is perceived.
description: 14 pages, 4 figures; 'International Conference on Social Robotics (ICSR)'. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 13817. Springer, Cham, pp. 388-401 (2022)
Impact of electromagnetism on phase structure for Wilson and twisted-mass fermions including isospin breaking
Creators: name: Horkel, Derek P.
name: Sharpe, Stephen R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In a recent paper we used chiral perturbation theory to determine the phase diagram and pion spectrum for Wilson and twisted-mass fermions at non-zero lattice spacing with non-degenerate up and down quarks. Here we extend this work to include the effects of electromagnetism, so that it is applicable to recent simulations incorporating all sources of isospin breaking. For Wilson fermions, we find that the phase diagram is unaffected by the inclusion of electromagnetism---the only effect is to raise the charged pion masses. For maximally twisted fermions, we previously took the twist and isospin-breaking directions to be different, in order that the fermion determinant is real and positive. However, this is incompatible with electromagnetic gauge invariance, and so here we take the twist to be in the isospin-breaking direction, following the RM123 collaboration. We map out the phase diagram in this case, which has not previously been studied. The results differ from those obtained with different twist and isospin directions. One practical issue when including electromagnetism is that the critical masses for up and down quarks differ. We show that one of the criteria suggested to determine these critical masses does not work, and propose an alternative.
description: 15 pages, 5 figures. v2: Minor stylistic changes and references updated. Published version
Implementation and Evaluation of multimodal input/output channels for task-based industrial robot programming
Creators: name: Profanter, Stefan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Programming industrial robots is not very intuitive, and the programmer has to be a domain expert for e.g. welding and programming to know how the task is optimally executed. For SMEs such employees are not affordable, nor cost-effective. Therefore a new system is needed where domain experts from a specific area, like welding or assembly, can easily program a robot without knowing anything about programming languages or how to use TeachPads. Such a system needs to be flexible to adapt to new tasks and functions. These requirements can be met by using a task based programming approach where the robot program is built up using a hierarchical structure of process, tasks and skills. It also needs to be intuitive so that domain experts don't need much training time on handling the system. Intuitive interaction is achieved by using different input and output modalities like gesture input, speech input, or touch input which are suitable for the current task. This master thesis focuses on the implementation of a user interface (GUI) for task based industrial robot programming and evaluates different input modalities (gesture, speech, touch, pen input) for the interaction with the system. The evaluation is based on a user study conducted with 30 participants as a Wizard-Of-Oz experiment, where non expert users had to program assembly and welding tasks to an industrial robot, using the previously developed GUI and various input and output modalities. The findings of the task analysis and user study are then used for creating a semantic description which will be used in the cognitive robotics-worker cell for automatically inferring required system components, and to provide the best suited input modality.
description: Master Thesis in Robotics, Cognition, Intelligence
Exotic Compact Objects and the Fate of the Light-Ring Instability
Creators: name: Cunha, Pedro V. P.
name: Herdeiro, Carlos
name: Radu, Eugen
name: Sanchis-Gual, Nicolas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Ultracompact objects with light-rings (LRs) but without an event horizon could mimic black holes (BHs) in their strong gravity phenomenology. But are such objects dynamically viable? Stationary and axisymmetric ultracompact objects that can form from smooth, quasi-Minkowski initial data must have at least one stable LR, which has been argued to trigger a spacetime instability; but its development and fate have been unknown. Using fully non-linear numerical evolutions of ultracompact bosonic stars free of any other known instabilities and introducing a novel adiabatic effective potential technique, we confirm the LRs triggered instability, identifying two possible fates: migration to non-ultracompact configurations or collapse to BHs. In concrete examples we show that typical migration/collapse time scales are not larger than $\sim 10^3$ light-crossing times, unless the stable LR potential well is very shallow. Our results show that the LR instability is effective in destroying horizonless ultracompact objects that could be plausible BH imitators.
description: 5 pages + Appendices; Videos can be found in this URL http://gravitation.web.ua.pt/node/3889; v2. Title changed per request of journal. Published in Physical Review Letters as Editor's Suggestion and Featured in Physics
Smooth constructions of homotopy-coherent actions
Creators: name: Oh, Yong-Geun
name: Tanaka, Hiro Lee
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Symplectic Geometry (math.SG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We prove that, for nice classes of infinite-dimensional smooth groups G, natural constructions in smooth topology and symplectic topology yield homotopically coherent group actions of G. This yields a bridge between infinite-dimensional smooth groups and homotopy theory. The result relies on two computations: One showing that the diffeological homotopy groups of the Milnor classifying space BG are naturally equivalent to the (continuous) homotopy groups, and a second showing that a particular strict category localizes to yield the homotopy type of BG. We then prove a result in symplectic geometry: These methods are applicable to the group of Liouville automorphisms of a Liouville sector. The present work is written with an eye toward [OT19], where our constructions show that higher homotopy groups of symplectic automorphism groups map to Fukaya-categorical invariants, and where we prove a conjecture of Teleman from the 2014 ICM in the Liouville and monotone settings.
description: 23 pages. Comments welcome! Portions of this work previously appeared in arXiv:1911.00349v2; that previous work has been split into multiple papers (including this one) to better explicate the ingredients
Evaluating wildfire emissions projection methods in comparisons of simulated and observed air quality
Creators: name: Shankar, U.
name: Xiu, A.
name: Yang, D.
name: Vizuete, W.
name: Prestemon, J.P.
name: McKenzie, D.
name: Talgo, K.
name: Omary, M.
name: Haeng Baek, B.
Publisher: name: Copernicus GmbH
Year: 2019

description: Climate warming has been implicated as a major driver of recent catastrophic wildfires worldwide but analyses of regional differences in US wildfires show that socioeconomic factors also play a large role. We previously leveraged statistical projections of annual areas burned (AAB) over the fast-growing southeastern US that include both climate and socioeconomic changes from 2011 to 2060 and developed wildfire emissions estimates over the region at 12 km × 12 km resolution to enable air quality (AQ) impact assessments for 2010 and selected future years. These estimates employed two AAB datasets, one using statistical downscaling ("statistical d-s") and another using dynamical downscaling ("dynamical d-s") of climate inputs from the same climate realization. This paper evaluates these wildfire emissions estimates against the U.S. National Emissions Inventory (NEI) as a benchmark in contemporary (2010) simulations with the Community Multiscale Air Quality (CMAQ) model and against network observations for ozone and particulate matter below 2.5 μ m in diameter (PM2:5). We hypothesize that our emissions estimates will yield model results that meet acceptable performance criteria and are comparable to those using the NEI. The three simulations, which differ only in wildfire emissions, compare closely, with differences in ozone and PM2:5 below 1 % and 8 %, respectively, but have much larger maximum mean fractional biases (MFBs) against observations (25 % and 51 %, respectively). The largest biases for ozone are in the fire-free winter, indicating that modeling uncertainties other than wildfire emissions are mainly responsible. Statistical d-s, with the largest AAB domain-wide, is 7 % more positively biased and 4 % less negatively biased in PM2:5 on average than the other two cases, while dynamical d-s and the NEI differ only by 2 %-3 % partly because of their equally large summertime PM2:5 underpredictions. Primary species (elemental carbon and ammonium from ammonia) have good-to-acceptable results, especially for the downscaling cases, providing confidence in our emissions estimation methodology. Compensating biases in sulfate (positive) and in organic carbon and dust (negative) lead to acceptable PM2:5 performance to varying degrees (MFB between -14 % and 51 %) in all simulations. As these species are driven by secondary chemistry or nonwildfire sources, their production pathways can be fruitful avenues for CMAQ improvements. Overall, the downscaling methods match and sometimes exceed the NEI in simulating current wildfire AQ impacts, while enabling such assessments much farther into the future.
Data formats for preservation: What you need to know when creating a DMP
Creators: name: VENKATARAMAN, Shanmugasundaram
name: Moura, Paula
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: open science, data formats, dmp, rdm

description: Guide to data formats to consider when creating a data management plan. This support material (guide) is available in the OpenAIRE portal - https://www.openaire.eu/guides
Nonthermally Dominated Electron Acceleration during Magnetic Reconnection in a Low-beta Plasma
Creators: name: Li, Xiaocan
name: Guo, Fan
name: Li, Hui
name: Li, Gang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: By means of fully kinetic simulations, we investigate electron acceleration during magnetic reconnection in a nonrelativistic proton--electron plasma with conditions similar to solar corona and flares. We demonstrate that reconnection leads to a nonthermally dominated electron acceleration with a power-law energy distribution in the nonrelativistic low-$β$ regime but not in the high-$β$ regime, where $β$ is the ratio of the plasma thermal pressure and the magnetic pressure. The accelerated electrons contain most of the dissipated magnetic energy in the low-$β$ regime. A guiding-center current description is used to reveal the role of electron drift motions during the bulk nonthermal energization. We find that the main acceleration mechanism is a \textit{Fermi}-type acceleration accomplished by the particle curvature drift motion along the electric field induced by the reconnection outflows. Although the acceleration mechanism is similar for different plasma $β$, low-$β$ reconnection drives fast acceleration on Alfvénic timescales and develops power laws out of thermal distribution. The nonthermally dominated acceleration resulting from magnetic reconnection in low-$β$ plasma may have strong implications for the highly efficient electron acceleration in solar flares and other astrophysical systems.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures, accepted by ApJ Letters
Potential regional air quality impacts of cannabis cultivation facilities in Denver, Colorado
Creators: name: Rasool, Q.Z.
name: Wang, C.-T.
name: Harley, P.C.
name: Vizuete, W.
name: Ashworth, K.
name: Ortega, J.
name: Wiedinmyer, C.
Publisher: name: Copernicus GmbH
Year: 2019

description: The legal commercialization of cannabis for recreational and medical use has effectively created a new and almost unregulated cultivation industry. In 2018, within the Denver County limits, there were more than 600 registered cannabis cultivation facilities (CCFs) for recreational and medical use, mostly housed in commercial warehouses. Measurements have found concentrations of highly reactive terpenes from the headspace above cannabis plants that, when released in the atmosphere, could impact air quality. Here we developed the first emission inventory for cannabis emissions of terpenes. The range of possible emissions from these facilities was 66-657 t yr-1 of terpenes across the state of Colorado; half of the emissions are from Denver County. Our estimates are based on the best available information and highlight the critical data gaps needed to reduce uncertainties. These realizations of inventories were then used with a regulatory air quality model, developed by the state of Colorado to predict regional ozone impacts. It was found that most of the predicted changes occur in the vicinity of CCFs concentrated in Denver. An increase of 362 t yr-1 in terpene emissions in Denver County resulted in increases of up to 0.34 ppb in hourly ozone concentrations during the morning and 0.67 ppb at night. Model predictions indicate that in Denver County every 1000 t yr-1 increase in terpenes results in 1 ppb increase in daytime hourly ozone concentrations and a maximum daily 8 h average (MDA8) increase of 0.3 ppb. The emission inventories developed here are highly uncertain, but highlight the need for more detailed cannabis and CCF data to fully understand the possible impacts of this new industry on regional air quality.
Comparison between some norm and order gauge integrals in Banach lattices
Creators: name: Candeloro, Domenico
name: Sambucini, Anna Rita
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Henstock-type integrals are considered, for functions defined in a Radon measure space and taking values in a Banach lattice X considering the norm and the order structure of the space. A number of results are obtained, highlighting the differences between them, specially in the case of L-space-valued functions.
description: 20 pages