cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Additional file 1 of The role of managerial leadership in sickness absence in health and social care: antecedent or moderator in the association between psychosocial working conditions and register-based sickness absence? A longitudinal study based on a swedish cohort
Creators: name: Stengård, Johanna
name: Peristera, Paraskevi
name: Johansson, Gun
name: Nyberg, Anna
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1.
New DAG-dependent mechanisms modulate cell cycle progression
Creators: name: Poli, Alessandro <1985>
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2015
Subjects: BIO/16 Anatomia umana

description: Through the years, several studies reported the involvement of nuclear lipid signalling as highly connected with cell cycle progression. Indeed, nuclear Phosphatidylinositol-4,5-Biphosphate (PIP2) hydrolisis mediated by Phospholipases C (PLC), which leads to production of the second messengers Diacylglycerol (DAG) and Inositol-1,4,5-Triphosphate (IP3), is a fundamental event for both G1/S and G2/M checkpoints. In particular, we found that nuclear DAG production was mediated by PLCbeta1, enzyme mainly localized in the nucleus of K562 human erythroleukemia cells. This event triggered the activation and nuclear translocation of PKCalpha, which, in turn, resulted able to affect cell cycle via modulation of Cyclin D3 and Cyclin B1, two important enzymes for G1/S transition and G2/M progression respectively.
A covariant formalism of spin precession with respect to a reference congruence
Creators: name: Jonsson, Rickard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive an effectively three-dimensional relativistic spin precession formalism. The formalism is applicable to any spacetime where an arbitrary timelike reference congruence of worldlines is specified. We employ what we call a stopped spin vector which is the spin vector that we would get if we momentarily make a pure boost of the spin vector to stop it relative to the congruence. Starting from the Fermi transport equation for the standard spin vector we derive a corresponding transport equation for the stopped spin vector. Employing a spacetime transport equation for a vector along a worldline, corresponding to spatial parallel transport with respect to the congruence, we can write down a precession formula for a gyroscope relative to the local spatial geometry defined by the congruence. This general approach has already been pursued by Jantzen et. al. (see e.g. Jantzen, Carini and Bini, Ann. Phys. 215 (1997) 1), but the algebraic form of our respective expressions differ. We are also applying the formalism to a novel type of spatial parallel transport introduced in Jonsson (Class. Quantum Grav. 23 (2006) 1), as well as verifying the validity of the intuitive approach of a forthcoming paper (Jonsson, Am. Journ. Phys. 75 (2007) 463) where gyroscope precession is explained entirely as a double Thomas type of effect. We also present the resulting formalism in explicit three-dimensional form (using the boldface vector notation), and give examples of applications.
description: 27 pages, 8 figures
Additional file 1 of Evaluation of P450 monooxygenase activity in lyophilized recombinant E. coli cells compared to resting cells
Creators: name: Hilberath, Thomas
name: Raffaele, Alessandra
name: Windeln, Leonie M.
name: Urlacher, Vlada B.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: Additional file 1: Table S1: Synthetic oligonucleotides for cloning. Table S2: Plasmids used in this study. Table S3: Analysis of testosterone 1 and metabolites 2-10 that were formed during CYP105D-mediated oxidation. Figure S1: Effect of freezing and glycerol addition during lyophilization on conversion catalyzed by E. coli C43 (DE3) pET22b-cyp105D + pCOLADuet- pdx-pdr-adh. E. coli cells were once or twice frozen at − 80°C and then lyophilized for either 24 h (black) or 48 h (grey). Figure S2: Exemplary LC/MS-chromatogram showing the oxidation of testosterone 1 to the products 2-10 by the CYP105D-based E. coli whole-cell biocatalyst (pink) in comparison to a negative control (black). Figure S3: SDS-PAGE analysis of E. coli C43 (DE3) strains for whole-cell biocatalysis. Figure S4: Effect of NADH addition on testosterone 1 conversion mediated by the lyophilized whole-cell catalyst without ADH. NADH was added up to four times (number in brackets) every 2 h.
Formation of millisecond pulsars with helium white dwarfs, ultra-compact X-ray binaries and gravitational wave sources
Creators: name: Chen, Hai-Liang
name: Tauris, Thomas M.
name: Han, Zhanwen
name: Chen, Xuefei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Close-orbit low-mass X-ray binaries (LMXBs), radio binary millisecond pulsars (BMSPs) with extremely low-mass helium WDs (ELM He~WDs) and ultra-compact X-ray binaries (UCXBs) are all part of the same evolutionary sequence. It is therefore of uttermost importance to understand how these populations evolve from one specie to another. Moreover, UCXBs are important gravitational wave (GW) sources and can be detected by future space-borne GW observatories. However, the formation and evolutionary link between these three different populations of neutron star (NS) binaries are not fully understood. In particular, a peculiar fine-tuning problem has previously been demonstrated for the formation of these systems. In this investigation, we test a newly suggested magnetic braking prescription and model the formation and evolution of LMXBs. We compute a grid of binary evolution models and present the initial parameter space of the progenitor binaries which successfully evolve all the way to produce UCXBs. We find that the initial orbital period range of LMXBs, which evolve into detached NS+ELM~He~WD binaries and later UCXBs, becomes significantly wider compared to evolution with a standard magnetic braking prescription, and thus helps to relieve the fine-tuning problem. However, we also find that formation of wide-orbit BMSPs is prohibited for strong versions of this new magnetic braking prescription, which therefore calls for a revision of the prescription. Finally, we present examples of the properties of UCXBs as Galactic GW sources and discuss their detection by the LISA, TianQin and Taiji observatories.
description: 12 pages, 13 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Dark energy interacting with two fluids
Creators: name: Cruz, Norman
name: Lepe, Samuel
name: Pena, Francisco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A cosmological model of dark energy interacting with dark matter and another general component of the universe is investigated. We found general constraints on these models imposing an accelerated expansion. The same is also studied in the case for holographic dark energy.
Additional file 2 of Changing the preschool setting to promote healthy energy balance-related behaviours of preschoolers: a qualitative and quantitative process evaluation of the SuperFIT approach
Creators: name: van de Kolk, Ilona
name: Gerards, Sanne
name: Verhees, Anke
name: Kremers, Stef
name: Gubbels, Jessica
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 2.
Additional file 1 of Multiple health behaviour change primary care intervention for smoking cessation, physical activity and healthy diet in adults 45 to 75 years old (EIRA study): a hybrid effectiveness-implementation cluster randomised trial
Creators: name: Zabaleta-del-Olmo, Edurne
name: Casajuana-Closas, Marc
name: López-Jiménez, Tomàs
name: Pombo, Haizea
name: Pons-Vigués, Mariona
name: Pujol-Ribera, Enriqueta
name: Cabezas-Peña, Carmen
name: Llobera, Joan
name: Martí-Lluch, Ruth
name: Vicens, Caterina
name: Motrico, Emma
name: Gómez-Gómez, Irene
name: Maderuelo-Fernández, José-Ángel
name: Recio-Rodriguez, José I.
name: Masluk, Barbara
name: Contreras-Martos, Sara
name: Jacques-Aviñó, Constanza
name: Aznar-Lou, Ignacio
name: Gil-Girbau, Montserrat
name: Clavería, Ana
name: Magallón-Botaya, Rosa
name: Bellón, Juan-Ángel
name: Ramos, Rafel
name: Sanchez-Perez, Alvaro
name: Moreno-Peral, Patricia
name: Leiva, Alfonso
name: González-Formoso, Clara
name: Bolíbar, Bonaventura
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1.
Additional file 2 of Multiple health behaviour change primary care intervention for smoking cessation, physical activity and healthy diet in adults 45 to 75 years old (EIRA study): a hybrid effectiveness-implementation cluster randomised trial
Creators: name: Zabaleta-del-Olmo, Edurne
name: Casajuana-Closas, Marc
name: López-Jiménez, Tomàs
name: Pombo, Haizea
name: Pons-Vigués, Mariona
name: Pujol-Ribera, Enriqueta
name: Cabezas-Peña, Carmen
name: Llobera, Joan
name: Martí-Lluch, Ruth
name: Vicens, Caterina
name: Motrico, Emma
name: Gómez-Gómez, Irene
name: Maderuelo-Fernández, José-Ángel
name: Recio-Rodriguez, José I.
name: Masluk, Barbara
name: Contreras-Martos, Sara
name: Jacques-Aviñó, Constanza
name: Aznar-Lou, Ignacio
name: Gil-Girbau, Montserrat
name: Clavería, Ana
name: Magallón-Botaya, Rosa
name: Bellón, Juan-Ángel
name: Ramos, Rafel
name: Sanchez-Perez, Alvaro
name: Moreno-Peral, Patricia
name: Leiva, Alfonso
name: González-Formoso, Clara
name: Bolíbar, Bonaventura
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 2.
Heat conduction in an irregular magnetic field: Part II. Heat transport as a measure of the effective non-integrable volume
Creators: name: Paul, Elizabeth J.
name: Hudson, Stuart R.
name: Helander, Per
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Given the large anisotropy of transport processes in magnetized plasmas, the magnetic field structure can strongly impact heat diffusion: magnetic surfaces and cantori form barriers to transport while chaotic layers and island structures can degrade confinement. When a small but non-zero amount of perpendicular diffusion is included, the structure of the magnetic field becomes less important, allowing pressure gradients to be supported across chaotic regions and island chains. We introduce a metric for the effective volume over which the local parallel diffusion dominates based on the solution to the anisotropic heat diffusion equation. To validate this metric, we consider model fields with a single island chain and a strongly chaotic layer for which analytic predictions of the relative parallel and perpendicular transport can be made. We also analyze critically chaotic fields produced from different sets of perturbations, highlighting the impact of the mode number spectrum on the heat transport. Our results indicate that this metric coincides with the effective volume of non-integrability in the limit $κ_{\perp} \rightarrow 0$. We propose that this metric be used to assess the impact of non-integrability on the heat transport in stellarator equilibria.
Medical-School Performance Metrics that Predict High Stakes Clinical-Skills Examination Failure
Creators: name: Hall, Emily
Publisher: name: University of Illinois at Chicago
Year: 2024

description: Purpose: Medical schools must assess students’ mastery of key clinical skills (CS) to identify those who are ready to progress and those who need additional training. Local performance metrics previously associated with United States Medical Licensing Examination (USMLE) Step 2 CS examination failure can suggest effective predictors of students struggling to master clinical skills.

Methods: A retrospective analysis compared the performance of University of Illinois College of Medicine (Chicago) students who sat for Step 2 CS from 2013 to 2019 and who passed (n=463) and failed (n=43). Potential predictor variables included medical knowledge-focused metrics (USMLE Step 1 scores, National Board of Medical Examiners shelf examination scores) and clinical-skills-focused metrics (performance on a preclinical doctoring course; clinical performance on clerkships; and data gathering, communication, and patient note performance sub-scores on an end-of-M3 summative OSCE).

Results: A logistic regression model demonstrated that two variables, the preclinical doctoring course composite grade and the patient note subscore of the M3 OSCE, were significantly associated with Step 2 CS failure. Shelf examination scores and the communication rating of the M3 OSCE approached statistical significance. Clinical clerkship grades did not predict Step 2 CS failure. An ROC analysis of the multivariable model showed that 72% of failing students could be identified with 76% specificity.

Conclusions: Preclinical doctoring course grades can serve as an early identifier of students who need additional coaching of clinical skills, and in combination with OSCE scores after clerkships can be used to support summative decisions regarding the achievement of clinical skills. Although such programs can be expensive and logistically complex, these are better predictors of struggling students than board scores or clerkship grades. Faculty development or a cadre of expert faculty assessors may be needed to improve the quality and validity of clerkship workplace-based assessments sufficiently to identify failing students.
The Predicament of Absorption-Dominated Reionization: Increased Demands on Ionizing Sources
Creators: name: Davies, Frederick B.
name: Bosman, Sarah E. I.
name: Furlanetto, Steven R.
name: Becker, George D.
name: D'Aloisio, Anson
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The reionization epoch concludes when ionizing photons reach every corner of the Universe. Reionization has generally been assumed to be limited primarily by the rate at which galaxies produce ionizing photons, but the recent measurement of a surprisingly short ionizing photon mean free path of $0.75^{+0.65}_{-0.45}$ proper Mpc at $z = 6$ by Becker et al. (2021) suggests that absorption by residual neutral hydrogen in the otherwise ionized intergalactic medium may play a much larger role than previously expected. Here we show that consistency between this short mean free path and the coeval dark pixel fraction in the Ly$α$ forest requires a cumulative output of $6.1^{+11}_{-2.4}$ ionizing photons per baryon by reionization's end. This represents a dramatic increase in the ionizing photon budget over previous estimates, greatly exacerbating the tension with measurements of the ionizing output from galaxies at later times. Translating this constraint into the instantaneous ionizing production from galaxies in our model, we find $\log_{10}f_{\rm esc}ξ_{\rm ion}/\text{(erg/Hz)}^{-1} =25.02_{-0.21}^{+0.45}$ at $z\sim6$. Even with optimistic assumptions about the ionizing production efficiency of early stellar populations, and assuming the galaxy luminosity function extends to extremely faint sources ($M_{\text{UV}}\leq-11$), complete reionization requires the escape fraction of ionizing photons to exceed $20\%$ across the galaxy population. This is far larger than observed in any galaxy population at lower redshifts, requiring rapid evolution in galaxy properties after the first billion years of cosmic time. This tension cannot be completely relieved within existing observational constraints on the hydrogen neutral fraction and mean free path.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures, submitted to ApJL
Assessment of cellulosic supports for one-step purification/immobilization of CBM-tagged HMF oxidase
Creators: name: Concha, Darly
name: Dmitri, Ivan
name: Ortiz-Orruño, Garazi
name: Fredes, Yerko
name: Álvaro, Gregorio
name: Caminal, Gloria
name: Guillén, Marina
name: Romero, Oscar
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: The cost of the biocatalyst is one of the main bottlenecks in the industrial implementation of enzymes. The use of strategies such as one-step purificationand immobilization can reduce the costs of the downstream process, which contributes 50-80% of the total production cost (1). Furthermore, enzymeimmobilization allows to easily recovery and re-used, or applied in continuous processes allowing process intensification while their stability towardschemo-physical process conditions is improved.New technologies of immobilization are emerging based on biomolecular scaffolds, such as cellulose binding modules (CBMs), that could be geneticallyfused to enzymes to allow specific adsorption into cellulosic materials without the need of chemical functionalization (Fig. 1), allowing a more cost-effective and eco-friendly strategy of immobilization (2).In the current work, the assessment of different commercial cellulosic supports for the one-step purification/immobilization of a 5-Hydroxymethylfurfuraloxidase (HMFO) and its applications in the synthesis of a renewable building block, 2,5-Furandicarboxylic acid (FDCA), was carried out.
Familywise error control in multi-armed response-adaptive trials
Creators: name: Robertson, David
name: Wason, James
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2019

description: Response-adaptive designs allow the randomization probabilities to change during the course of a trial based on cumulated response data so that a greater proportion of patients can be allocated to the better performing treatments. A major concern over the use of response-adaptive designs in practice, particularly from a regulatory viewpoint, is controlling the type I error rate. In particular, we show that the naïve z-test can have an inflated type I error rate even after applying a Bonferroni correction. Simulation studies have often been used to demonstrate error control but do not provide a guarantee. In this article, we present adaptive testing procedures for normally distributed outcomes that ensure strong familywise error control by iteratively applying the conditional invariance principle. Our approach can be used for fully sequential and block randomized trials and for a large class of adaptive randomization rules found in the literature. We show there is a high price to pay in terms of power to guarantee familywise error control for randomization schemes with extreme allocation probabilities. However, for proposed Bayesian adaptive randomization schemes in the literature, our adaptive tests maintain or increase the power of the trial compared to the z-test. We illustrate our method using a three-armed trial in primary hypercholesterolemia.
AdaptiFont: Increasing Individuals' Reading Speed with a Generative Font Model and Bayesian Optimization
Creators: name: Kadner, Florian
name: Keller, Yannik
name: Rothkopf, Constantin A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Digital text has become one of the primary ways of exchanging knowledge, but text needs to be rendered to a screen to be read. We present AdaptiFont, a human-in-the-loop system that is aimed at interactively increasing readability of text displayed on a monitor. To this end, we first learn a generative font space with non-negative matrix factorization from a set of classic fonts. In this space we generate new true-type-fonts through active learning, render texts with the new font, and measure individual users' reading speed. Bayesian optimization sequentially generates new fonts on the fly to progressively increase individuals' reading speed. The results of a user study show that this adaptive font generation system finds regions in the font space corresponding to high reading speeds, that these fonts significantly increase participants' reading speed, and that the found fonts are significantly different across individual readers.
description: 18 pages, 11 figures
Publishable Summary for 17IND12 Met4FoF "Metrology for the Factory of the Future"
Creators: name: Eichstädt, Sascha
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: digitalisation
metrology
measurement uncertainty
sensor network
MEMS
calibration
EMPIR
European Union (EU)
Horizon 2020

description: The “Factory of the Future” (FoF) as an inter-connected production environment with an autonomous flow of information and decision-making constitutes the digital transformation of manufacturing to improve efficiency and competitiveness. Transparency, comparability and sustainable quality all require reliable measured data, processing methods and results. This project will establish a metrological framework for the complete lifecycle of measured data in industrial applications: from calibration capabilities for individual sensors with digital pre-processed output to uncertainty quantification associated with machine learning (ML) in industrial sensor networks. Implementation in realistic testbeds will demonstrate the practical applicability and provide templates for future up-take by industry.
description: This is the publishable summary of the EMPIR project 17IND12 at month 9. This project has received funding from the EMPIR programme co-financed by the Participating States and from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme.
Additional file 3 of Multiple health behaviour change primary care intervention for smoking cessation, physical activity and healthy diet in adults 45 to 75 years old (EIRA study): a hybrid effectiveness-implementation cluster randomised trial
Creators: name: Zabaleta-del-Olmo, Edurne
name: Casajuana-Closas, Marc
name: López-Jiménez, Tomàs
name: Pombo, Haizea
name: Pons-Vigués, Mariona
name: Pujol-Ribera, Enriqueta
name: Cabezas-Peña, Carmen
name: Llobera, Joan
name: Martí-Lluch, Ruth
name: Vicens, Caterina
name: Motrico, Emma
name: Gómez-Gómez, Irene
name: Maderuelo-Fernández, José-Ángel
name: Recio-Rodriguez, José I.
name: Masluk, Barbara
name: Contreras-Martos, Sara
name: Jacques-Aviñó, Constanza
name: Aznar-Lou, Ignacio
name: Gil-Girbau, Montserrat
name: Clavería, Ana
name: Magallón-Botaya, Rosa
name: Bellón, Juan-Ángel
name: Ramos, Rafel
name: Sanchez-Perez, Alvaro
name: Moreno-Peral, Patricia
name: Leiva, Alfonso
name: González-Formoso, Clara
name: Bolíbar, Bonaventura
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 3.
Pseudo-Jahn-Teller interaction among electronic resonant states of H3
Creators: name: Hedvall, Patrik
name: Larson, Åsa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the electronic resonant states of H3 with energies above the potential energy surface of the H3+ ground state. These resonant states are important for the dissociative recombination of H3+ at higher collision energies, and previous studies have indicated that these resonant states exhibit a triple intersection. We introduce a complex generalization of the pseudo-Jahn-Teller model to describe these resonant states. The potential energies and the autoionization widths of the resonant states are computed with electron scattering calculations using the complex Kohn variational method, and the complex model parameters are extracted by a least-square fit to the results. This treatment results in a non-Hermitian pseudo-Jahn-Teller Hamiltonian describing the system. The non-adiabatic coupling and geometric phase are further calculated and used to characterize the enriched topology of the complex adiabatic potential energy surfaces.
Construction of bilinear control Hamiltonians using the series product and quantum feedback
Creators: name: Gough, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that it is possible to construct closed quantum systems governed by a bilinear Hamiltonian depending on an arbitrary input signal. This is achieved by coupling the system to a quantum input field and performing a feedback of the output field back into the system to cancel out the stochastic effects, with the signal being added to the field between these events and later subtracted. Here we assume the zero time delay limit between the various connections and operations.
description: 9 pages, 3 figures
Accelerating Composite Dark Matter Discovery with Nuclear Recoils and the Migdal Effect
Creators: name: Acevedo, Javier F.
name: Bramante, Joseph
name: Goodman, Alan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Large composite dark matter states source a scalar binding field that, when coupled to Standard Model nucleons, provides a potential under which nuclei recoil and accelerate to energies capable of ionization, radiation, and thermonuclear reactions. We show that these dynamics are detectable for nucleon couplings as small as $g_n \sim 10^{-17}$ at dark matter experiments, where the greatest sensitivity is attained by considering the Migdal effect. We also explore Type-Ia supernovae and planetary heating as possible means to discover this type of dark matter.
description: 43 pages, 2 figures, PRD version
Violation of the Einstein relation in Granular Fluids: the role of correlations
Creators: name: Puglisi, A.
name: Baldassarri, A.
name: Vulpiani, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the linear response in different models of driven granular gases. In some situations, even if the the velocity statistics can be strongly non-Gaussian, we do not observe appreciable violations of the Einstein formula for diffusion versus mobility. The situation changes when strong correlations between velocities and density are present: in this case, although a form of fluctuation-dissipation relation holds, the differential velocity response of a particle and its velocity self-correlation are no more proportional. This happens at high densities and strong inelasticities, but still in the fluid-like (and ergodic) regime.
description: 18 pages, 6 figures, submitted for publication
A Machine Learning Approach to the Detection of Ghosting and Scattered Light Artifacts in Dark Energy Survey Images
Creators: name: Chang, Chihway
name: Drlica-Wagner, Alex
name: Kent, Stephen M.
name: Nord, Brian
name: Wang, Donah Michelle
name: Wang, Michael H. L. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Astronomical images are often plagued by unwanted artifacts that arise from a number of sources including imperfect optics, faulty image sensors, cosmic ray hits, and even airplanes and artificial satellites. Spurious reflections (known as "ghosts") and the scattering of light off the surfaces of a camera and/or telescope are particularly difficult to avoid. Detecting ghosts and scattered light efficiently in large cosmological surveys that will acquire petabytes of data can be a daunting task. In this paper, we use data from the Dark Energy Survey to develop, train, and validate a machine learning model to detect ghosts and scattered light using convolutional neural networks. The model architecture and training procedure is discussed in detail, and the performance on the training and validation set is presented. Testing is performed on data and results are compared with those from a ray-tracing algorithm. As a proof of principle, we have shown that our method is promising for the Rubin Observatory and beyond.
description: accepted for publication in "Astronomy and Computing"
Renormalization of three-quark operators at two loops in the RI′/SMOM scheme
Creators: name: Kniehl, Bernd A.
name: Veretin, Oleg L.
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 530 Physik

description: We consider the renormalization of the three-quark operators without derivatives at next-to-next-to-leading order in QCD perturbation theory at the symmetric subtraction point. This allows us to obtain conversion factors between the scheme and the regularization invariant symmetric MOM (RI/SMOM, RI′/SMOM) schemes. The results are presented both analytically in gauge in terms of a set of master integrals and numerically in Landau gauge. They can be used to reduce the errors in determinations of baryonic distribution amplitudes in lattice QCD simulations.
Additional file 1 of Changing the preschool setting to promote healthy energy balance-related behaviours of preschoolers: a qualitative and quantitative process evaluation of the SuperFIT approach
Creators: name: van de Kolk, Ilona
name: Gerards, Sanne
name: Verhees, Anke
name: Kremers, Stef
name: Gubbels, Jessica
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 1.
Low energy effective theory on a regularized brane in six-dimensional flux compactifications
Creators: name: Fujii, Shunsuke
name: Kobayashi, Tsutomu
name: Shiromizu, Tetsuya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Conical brane singularities in six-dimensional flux compactification models can be resolved by introducing cylindrical codimension-one branes with regular caps instead of 3-branes (a la Kaluza-Klein braneworlds with fluxes). In this paper, we consider such a regularized braneworld with axial symmetry in six-dimensional Einstein-Maxwell theory. We derive a low energy effective theory on the regularized brane by employing the gradient expansion approach, and show that standard four-dimensional Einstein gravity is recovered at low energies. Our effective equations extend to the nonlinear gravity regime, implying that conventional cosmology can be reproduced in the regularized braneworld.
description: 11 pages, minor corrections, accepted for publication in Physical Review D
Visual Question Answering: which investigated applications?
Creators: name: Barra, Silvio
name: Bisogni, Carmen
name: De Marsico, Maria
name: Ricciardi, Stefano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Visual Question Answering (VQA) is an extremely stimulating and challenging research area where Computer Vision (CV) and Natural Language Processig (NLP) have recently met. In image captioning and video summarization, the semantic information is completely contained in still images or video dynamics, and it has only to be mined and expressed in a human-consistent way. Differently from this, in VQA semantic information in the same media must be compared with the semantics implied by a question expressed in natural language, doubling the artificial intelligence-related effort. Some recent surveys about VQA approaches have focused on methods underlying either the image-related processing or the verbal-related one, or on the way to consistently fuse the conveyed information. Possible applications are only suggested, and, in fact, most cited works rely on general-purpose datasets that are used to assess the building blocks of a VQA system. This paper rather considers the proposals that focus on real-world applications, possibly using as benchmarks suitable data bound to the application domain. The paper also reports about some recent challenges in VQA research.
Regulation of T-DNA gene 7
Creators: name: Button, Eric A.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: The purpose of this study was two-fold. The first objective was to determine if Saccharomyces cerevisiae is a useful system for investigating the expression of T-DNA (it takes several months to obtain sufficient bacteria-free transformed plant tissue to investigate T-DNA transcription). A short fragment of T-DNA carrying T-DNA gene 7 was cloned into a yeast plasmid in an attempt to investigate the expression of gene 7 in yeast. The second objective was to determine the significance of a heat shock related sequence identified in the 5¹ region of T-DNA gene 7. Primer extension analysis, SI nuclease mapping, and Northern hybridizations indicate that transcription of T-DNA gene 7 in yeast is different from that of transcription of gene 7 in crown gall tumors. Transcription is different because the distance between the TATA box and the transcription initiation sites must be at least 40 nucleotides in yeast. Therefore, Saccharomyces cerevisiae does not appear to be a useful system for investigating the expression of T-DNA. Crown gall tumors were subjected to a number of stress agents, including heat shock, to determine the significance of the heat shock related sequence identified in gene 7. Primer extension analyses indicate that only cadmium and mercury have a significant effect on the expression of T-DNA gene 7. Although gene 7 responds to cadmium and mercury, the increase in transcription does not appear to be heat shock or metallothionein related, indicating that another mechanism is involved in the enhanced transcription of T-DNA gene 7 in crown gall tumors.
Additional file 1 of A multi-centre, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial of the efficacy and safety of chloroquine phosphate, hydroxychloroquine sulphate and lopinavir/ritonavir for the treatment of COVID-19 in Lagos State: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Creators: name: Abayomi, A.
name: Osibogun, A.
name: Ezechi, O.
name: Wright, K.
name: Ola, B.
name: Ojo, O.
name: Kuyinu, Y.
name: Zamba, E.
name: Abdur-Razzaq, H.
name: Erinoso, O. A.
name: Anya, S. E.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases

description: Additional file 1. Research Consent form.
FootApp: an AI-Powered System for Football Match Annotation
Creators: name: Barra, Silvio
name: Carta, Salvatore M.
name: Giuliani, Alessandro
name: Pisu, Alessia
name: Podda, Alessandro Sebastian
name: DanieleRiboni
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: In the last years, scientific and industrial research has experienced a growing interest in acquiring large annotated data sets to train artificial intelligence algorithms for tackling problems in different domains. In this context, we have observed that even the market for football data has substantially grown. The analysis of football matches relies on the annotation of both individual players' and team actions, as well as the athletic performance of players. Consequently, annotating football events at a fine-grained level is a very expensive and error-prone task. Most existing semi-automatic tools for football match annotation rely on cameras and computer vision. However, those tools fall short in capturing team dynamics, and in extracting data of players who are not visible in the camera frame. To address these issues, in this manuscript we present FootApp, an AI-based system for football match annotation. First, our system relies on an advanced and mixed user interface that exploits both vocal and touch interaction. Second, the motor performance of players is captured and processed by applying machine learning algorithms to data collected from inertial sensors worn by players. Artificial intelligence techniques are then used to check the consistency of generated labels, including those regarding the physical activity of players, to automatically recognize annotation errors. Notably, we implemented a full prototype of the proposed system, performing experiments to show its effectiveness in a real-world adoption scenario.
Clustering Introductory Computer Science Exercises Using Topic Modeling Methods
Creators: name: Moraes, Laura O.
name: Pedreira, Carlos Eduardo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Manually determining concepts present in a group of questions is a challenging and time-consuming process. However, the process is an essential step while modeling a virtual learning environment since a mapping between concepts and questions using mastery level assessment and recommendation engines are required. We investigated unsupervised semantic models (known as topic modeling techniques) to assist computer science teachers in this task and propose a method to transform Computer Science 1 teacher-provided code solutions into representative text documents, including the code structure information. By applying non-negative matrix factorization and latent Dirichlet allocation techniques, we extract the underlying relationship between questions and validate the results using an external dataset. We consider the interpretability of the learned concepts using 14 university professors' data, and the results confirm six semantically coherent clusters using the current dataset. Moreover, the six topics comprise the main concepts present in the test dataset, achieving 0.75 in the normalized pointwise mutual information metric. The metric correlates with human ratings, making the proposed method useful and providing semantics for large amounts of unannotated code.
description: 13 pages, 11 figures, published in IEEE Transactions on Learning Technologies
Celestial IR divergences and the effective action of supertranslation modes
Creators: name: Nguyen, Kevin
name: Salzer, Jakob
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Infrared divergences in perturbative gravitational scattering amplitudes have been recently argued to be governed by the two-point function of the supertranslation Goldstone mode on the celestial sphere. We show that the form of this celestial two-point function simply derives from an effective action that also controls infrared divergences in the symplectic structure of General Relativity with asymptotically flat boundary conditions. This effective action finds its natural place in a path integral formulation of a celestial conformal field theory, as we illustrate by re-deriving the infrared soft factors in terms of celestial correlators. Our analysis relies on a well-posed action principle close to spatial infinity introduced by Compère and Dehouck.
description: 24 pages, one figure
Panoramic evaluation of the effects of different isolation times on peripheral blood mononuclear cells
Creators: name: Cortes-Carrasco, Taydé A
name: Chávez-Domínguez, Rodolfo L
name: Franco-Mendoza, Pablo
name: García-Ramos, Montserrat A
name: Carranza-Salazar, Claudia
name: Torres-Rojas, Martha
Publisher: name: F1000 Research Limited
Year: 2025

description: In this work, we evaluated the impact of processing PBMC on different days in their viability, activation, production, and release of IFN-gamma, TNF-alpha and IL-2.
Cooperative Behavior in a Model of Evolutionary Snowdrift Games with $N$-person Interactions
Creators: name: Zheng, D. F.
name: Yin, H. P.
name: Chan, C. H.
name: Hui, P. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a model of evolutionary snowdrift game with $N$-person interactions and study the effects of multi-person interactions on the emergence of cooperation. An exact $N$-th-order equation for the equilibrium density of cooperators $x^*$ is derived for a well-mixed population using the approach of replicator dynamics. The results show that the extent of cooperation drops with increasing cost-to-benefit ratio and the number $N$ of interaction persons in a group, with $x^{*}\sim1/N$ for large $N$. An algorithm for numerical simulations is constructed for the model. The simulation results are in good agreements with theoretical results of the replicator dynamics.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures
Hot QCD equations of state and relativistic heavy ion collisions
Creators: name: Chandra, Vinod
name: Kumar, Ravindra
name: Ravishankar, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study two recently proposed equations of state (EOS) which are obtained from high temperature QCD, and show how they can be adapted to use them for making predictions for relativistic heavy ion collisions. The method involves extracting equilibrium distribution functions for quarks and gluons from the EOS, which in turn will allow a determination of the transport and other bulk properties of the quark gluon plasma. Simultaneously, the method also yields a quasi particle description of interacting quarks and gluons. The first EOS is perturbative in the QCD coupling constant and has contributions of $O(g^5)$. The second EOS is an improvement over the first, with contributions upto $ O(g^6 ln(\frac{1}{g}))$; it incorporates the nonperturbative hard thermal contributions. The interaction effects are shown to be captured entirely by the effective chemical potentials for the gluons and the quarks, in both the cases. The chemical potential is seen to be highly sensitive to the EOS. As an application, we determine the screening lengths which are, indeed the most important diagnostics for QGP. The screening lengths are seen to behave drastically differently depending on the EOS considered., and yield, therefore, a way to distinguish the two equations of state in heavy ion collisions.
description: 11 pages, fifteen figures, two column, accepted for publication in PRC
Additional file 2 of A multi-centre, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial of the efficacy and safety of chloroquine phosphate, hydroxychloroquine sulphate and lopinavir/ritonavir for the treatment of COVID-19 in Lagos State: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Creators: name: Abayomi, A.
name: Osibogun, A.
name: Ezechi, O.
name: Wright, K.
name: Ola, B.
name: Ojo, O.
name: Kuyinu, Y.
name: Zamba, E.
name: Abdur-Razzaq, H.
name: Erinoso, O. A.
name: Anya, S. E.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases

description: Additional file 2. Case Reporting Forms.
Modification of the gamma-ray spectra by internal absorption in OVV blazars: The example cases of 3C 273 and 3C 279
Creators: name: Sitarek, J.
name: Bednarek, W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent observations with the low threshold Cherenkov telescopes proved that sub-TeV gamma-rays are able to arrive from active galaxies at relatively large distances in spite of expected severe absorption in the extragalactic background light (EBL). We calculate the gamma-ray spectra at TeV energies from two example OVV quasars, 3C 273 and 3C 279, assuming that gamma-rays are injected in the inner parts of the jets launched by the accretion disks. It is assumed that gamma-rays in the broad energy range (from MeV up to TeV) are produced in these blazars with the power law spectrum with the spectral index as observed from these objects by the EGRET telescope at GeV energies. We take into account the internal absorption of these gamma-rays by considering a few different models for the radiation field surrounding the jet. The classical picture of the relativistic blob in jet model for the injection of primary gamma-rays is considered with the injection rate of gamma-rays as observed by the EGRET telescope in the GeV energy range. The results of calculations are compared with positive detection and the upper limits on the sub-TeV gamma-ray fluxes from these two sources. It is concluded that even with the Stecker EBL model, the level of the gamma-ray emission from 3C~279 is close to the recent measurements in the sub-TeV gamma-ray energies provided that the injected gamma-ray spectrum extends from the GeV energies over the next two decades with this same spectral index. We also suggest that a few day time scale flare from 3C 273 can be detected by the MAGIC II stereo telescopes.
description: 14 pages, 10 figures, will appear in MNRAS