cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Ixpe svela i misteri di una storica supernova
Creators: Ufficio stampa Inaf
Publisher: name: Media Inaf
Year: 2023

È il resto della supernova Tycho, una “nuova stella” vista esplodere in direzione della costellazione di Cassiopea più di 450 anni fa. Nel lavoro appena pubblicato su The Astrophysical Journal, un team di astronomi guidato da Riccardo Ferrazzoli dell’Istituto nazionale di astrofisica ha usato il telescopio spaziale Ixpe per studiare i raggi X polarizzati emessi da questa sorgente, scoprendo nuove informazioni sulla geometria dei suoi campi magnetici
On proximality with Banach density one
Creators: name: Li, Jian
name: Tu, Siming
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Let $(X,T)$ be a topological dynamical system. A pair of points $(x,y)\in X^2$ is called Banach proximal if for any $ε>0$, the set $\{n\in\mathbb{Z}:\ d(T^nx,T^ny)
description: 16 pages. The final version
Synthese und Chlorameisensäureethylester-Abbau von 6'-Hydroxymethyl-9-methyllaudanosin
Creators: name: Prior, S.
name: Wiegrebe, Wolfgang
name: Sariyar, Günay
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 1982
Subjects: subject: 540 Chemie

description: Der CAE-Abbau von cis-5,8,13,13a-Tetrahydro-2,3,10,11-tetramethoxy-13-methyl-6H-dibenzo[ a,g]chinolizin (5) führt in Gegenwart von I- zu dem Dibenz[c,g]azecin 19 und nicht zu einer Vorstufe der 6'-Hydroxymethyl-9-methyllaudanosine 3, die aus 9-Methylpapaverin durch Hydroxymethylierung, Quaternisierung und Boranat-Reduktion erhalten wurden. Aus sterischen Gründen bilden sich mit C A E nur die Ethoxycarbonate 26, aber kein 3-Phenyl-4-methyl-isochroman 4. Auch aus dem Alkaloid Macrantalin (27) entsteht aus gleichem Grund kein 3-Phenylisochroman: hier weicht die CAE-Reaktion zum Stilben 28 hin aus. Beide Reaktionen stehen mit einem Inversionsmechanismus an C-1 bei der Umsetzung geeigneter 1-Benzyltetrahydroisochinoline zu 3-Phenylisochromanen in Einklang.
Hemmung der Glucose-6-Phosphat-Dehydrogenase durch Dithranol-Ester
Creators: name: Plumier, E.
name: Retzow, Angelika
name: Wiegrebe, Wolfgang
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 1982
Subjects: subject: 540 Chemie

description: Nach Untersuchungen mehrerer Arbeitsgruppen (1,2,3) zeigen die Acetylester des Dithranols eine gewisse antipsoriatische Wirksamkeit, bewirken aber im Gegensatz zum Dithranol praktisch keine lrritationen der Haut. In einer vorausgegangenen Publikation haben wir durch kinetische Messungen nachgewiesen, daß Dithranol (1) das Enzym Giucose-ß-Phosphat-Dehydrogenase (G6PDH) (E. C. 1.1.1.49) irreversibel hemmt (4). Die vorliegende Arbeit beschreibt analoge Untersuchungen mit Dithranol-diacetat (2) und Dithranol-triacetat (3). Nach Raab et al. (5) wirken Dithranol (1) und sein Monoacetyfester stärker als 2 und 3.
Time limited optimal dynamics beyond the Quantum Speed Limit
Creators: name: Gajdacz, Miroslav
name: Das, Kunal K.
name: Arlt, Jan
name: Sherson, Jacob F.
name: Opatrný, Tomáš
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The quantum speed limit sets the minimum time required to transfer a quantum system completely into a given target state. At shorter times the higher operation speed has to be paid with a loss of fidelity. Here we quantify the trade-off between the fidelity and the duration in a system driven by a time-varying control. The problem is addressed in the framework of Hilbert space geometry offering an intuitive interpretation of optimal control algorithms. This approach is applied to non-uniform time variations which leads to a necessary criterion for control optimality applicable as a measure of algorithm convergence. The time fidelity trade-off expressed in terms of the direct Hilbert velocity provides a robust prediction of the quantum speed limit and allows to adapt the control optimization such that it yields a predefined fidelity. The results are verified numerically in a multilevel system with a constrained Hamiltonian, and a classification scheme for the control sequences is proposed based on their optimizability.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures
Zappa-Szép products of Garside monoids
Creators: name: Gebhardt, Volker
name: Tawn, Stephen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 20F36 (Primary), 20M13, 06F05 (Secondary)

description: A monoid $K$ is the internal Zappa-Szép product of two submonoids, if every element of $K$ admits a unique factorisation as the product of one element of each of the submonoids in a given order. This definition yields actions of the submonoids on each other, which we show to be structure preserving. We prove that $K$ is a Garside monoid if and only if both of the submonoids are Garside monoids. In this case, these factors are parabolic submonoids of $K$ and the Garside structure of $K$ can be described in terms of the Garside structures of the factors. We give explicit isomorphisms between the lattice structures of $K$ and the product of the lattice structures on the factors that respect the Garside normal forms. In particular, we obtain explicit natural bijections between the normal form language of $K$ and the product of the normal form languages of its factors.
description: Published version
Tutte le molecole organiche di Ryugu
Creators: Valentina Guglielmo
Publisher: name: Media Inaf
Year: 2023

Contiene diversi composti prebiotici come amminoacidi e molecole solubili in acqua, l’asteroide di tipo C visitato dalla missione Hayabusa 2. Una scoperta che avvalora l’ipotesi che i mattoni fondamentali per la vita possano essere arrivati sulla Terra proprio grazie a questi corpi primitivi
Un miliardo di galassie per Desi
Creators: Claudia Mignone
Publisher: name: Media Inaf
Year: 2023

Continua a crescere la più grande mappa bidimensionale del cielo, con la decima data release del progetto Desi Legacy Imaging Surveys, che ritrae oltre un miliardo di galassie nelle osservazioni di quasi metà della volta celeste con telescopi in Arizona e Cile. La nuova release aggiunge alle survey precedenti non solo una maggiore copertura ma anche una nuova lunghezza d'onda, nel vicino infrarosso
Enamine als Zwischenprodukte der Simon-Awe-Komplexe
Creators: name: Wiegrebe, Wolfgang
name: Vilbig, M.
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 1982
Subjects: subject: Disodium-pentakis- (cyano-C) -nitrosyl-ferrate(2), Enamine Intermediates, Simon-Awe Complexes, Legal Complexes
subject: 540 Chemie

description: Enamines from acetaldehyde, propionaldehyde and cyclohexanone produce coloured complexes with disodium-pentakis-(cyano-C)-nitrosylferrate(2) more rapidly than the carbonyl components together with piperidine, so indicating enamine intermediates. - The Legal complexes from acetaldehyde and acetone are protonated to the corresponding Simon-Awe complexes.
Le galassie medusa con gli occhi di Hubble
Creators: Valentina Guglielmo
Publisher: name: Media Inaf
Year: 2023

Hubble ha osservato in alta risoluzione i tentacoli di sei galassie medusa, luoghi in cui il gas è stato strappato dal corpo della galassia mentre questa cade in un ammasso, e in cui si stanno formando nuove stelle. Cosa stia succedendo in questi luoghi particolari ce lo racconta nel dettaglio Marco Gullieuszik, autore delle osservazioni pubblicate dall’Esa come immagine della settimana
title: Role of Data Analytics as a Tool for reaching Operational Excellence a case study with integration of Data Analytics model in Aluminum foundry of battery housing production and its effect on the product quality results
Creators: name: Beno, Peter
Publisher: name: TU Wien
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: data analytics
subject: aluminum casting
subject: process parameter optimization
subject: casting defects
subject: internal quality
subject: operational excellence

description: The current market situation not only in the automotive segment is very unpredictable and very volatile. The missing semi conductors, war conflict in 2022 is bringing many phenomena as a price and energy, material and personal costs increase. The businesstransformation in automotive segment is moving from internal combustion engines to electrifications what brings also many challenges and opportunities. This all brings the pressure on the OEMs supplier chain to produce their products effectively with high effectiveness in shortest possible time and low product price. To sustain competitiveness on the market the supplier chain has to adopt it and challenge to these changes. The new era of Industry 4.0 brings many opportunities where integration of big data analytics in real case study. The experience with proposed random forest algorithm is displayed on the real case study of battery housing production in aluminum high pressure die casting foundry. The final model precision is reached 74,9% with recall on the level 60,6%. So far there aren’t similar experiences and results in the foundry business to compare on realcase situations. The internal quality was significantly improved after implementation of outputs from the model results what brought the battery housing production closer to reaching operational excellence. Data analytics integration can help organization improveinternal performance and financial indicators.
Changing the Educational Landscape in India by Transnational Policies
Creators: name: Leder, Stephanie
name: Bharucha, Erach
Publisher: name: Asien
Year: 2022

description: Transnational educational policies are challenging current pedagogic practices in India. The United Nations Decade of “Education for Sustainable Development” (UNDESD, 2005 to 2014) is based on constructivist concepts of learning, and encourages the ongoing transformation from an authoritarian to a participative, studentoriented teaching methodology. The implementation of this global educational initiative in a local developing context is examined in this paper by applying the arguments of Basil Bernstein’s (1990) Sociological Theory of Pedagogy. Power relations (classification) and control mechanisms (framing) present in Indian classroom teaching as well as current teaching methods and content — specifically on the topic of “water,” as taught in Geography lessons — are analyzed in this paper on the basis of classroom observation and of policy and textbook analysis at English-medium schools in Pune. It is elucidated how traditional pedagogic practices, cultural constructions, and social hierarchies are fundamentally challenged. The central role of teachers and textbooks indicate the opportunities and challenges for the current transition process from performance-oriented to competence-based pedagogic practice in the Indian educational system. Furthermore, the potential that transnational educational policies have to effect social transformation is addressed.
description: Asien, Nr. 134 (2015): ASIEN (Januar)
Steady-state entanglement of spatially separated qubits via quantum bath engineering
Creators: name: Aron, Camille
name: Kulkarni, Manas
name: Türeci, Hakan E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a scheme for driving a dimer of spatially separated qubits into a maximally entangled non-equilibrium steady state. A photon-mediated retarded interaction between the qubits is realized by coupling them to two tunnel-coupled leaky cavities where each cavity is driven by a coherent microwave tone. The proposed cooling mechanism relies on striking the right balance between the unitary and driven-dissipative dynamics of the qubit subsystem. We map the dimer to an effective transverse-field XY model coupled to a non-equilibrium bath that can be suitably engineered through the choice of drive frequencies and amplitudes. We show that both singlet and triplet states can be obtained with remarkable fidelities. The proposed protocol can be implemented with a superconducting circuit architecture that was recently experimentally realized and paves the way to achieving large-scale entangled systems that are arbitrarily long lived.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures. Published version
Measuring Arbitrary Physical Properties in Analog Quantum Simulation
Creators: name: Tran, Minh C.
name: Mark, Daniel K.
name: Ho, Wen Wei
name: Choi, Soonwon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A central challenge in analog quantum simulation is to characterize desirable physical properties of quantum states produced in experiments. However, in conventional approaches, the extraction of arbitrary information requires performing measurements in many different bases, which necessitates a high level of control that present-day quantum devices may not have. Here, we propose and analyze a scalable protocol that leverages the ergodic nature of generic quantum dynamics, enabling the efficient extraction of many physical properties. The protocol does not require sophisticated controls and can be generically implemented in analog quantum simulation platforms today. Our protocol involves introducing ancillary degrees of freedom in a predetermined state to a system of interest, quenching the joint system under Hamiltonian dynamics native to the particular experimental platform, and then measuring globally in a single, fixed basis. We show that arbitrary information of the original quantum state is contained within such measurement data, and can be extracted using a classical data-processing procedure. We numerically demonstrate our approach with a number of examples, including the measurements of entanglement entropy, many-body Chern number, and various superconducting orders in systems of neutral atom arrays, bosonic and fermionic particles on optical lattices, respectively, only assuming existing technological capabilities. Our protocol excitingly promises to overcome limited controllability and, thus, enhance the versatility and utility of near-term quantum technologies.
Adiabatic oxidation of gold nanostars.
Creators: name: munyayi, aaron
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 340101
subject: Analytical spectrometry
classificationCode: 340108
subject: Sensor technology (incl. chemical aspects)
classificationCode: 340106
subject: Metabolomic chemistry
classificationCode: 340102
subject: Bioassays

description: The study explains the significance of capping agents in improving gold nanostar synthesis. Furthermore, the study used the Cabrera-Mott stochastic mathematical model to explain the chemistry of adiabatic oxidation from fundamental principles.
Emergence of Certified Organic Agriculture in Pakistan
Creators: name: Poerting, Julia
Publisher: name: Asien
Year: 2022

description: Certified Organic Agriculture (COA) is a much debated alternative to conventional and industrialized farming, with recent scholarship having paid attention to different aspects of organic commodities within a global agrofood system. Organic standards link consumers in the Global North with producers in the Global South, and transport agricultural knowledge around the global. For farmers in the Global South, knowledge therefore plays a central role in their successful conversion to COA. This paper, based on ethnographic fieldwork in Pakistan in 2013 and 2014, focuses on the country’s small but fast-growing organic agricultural sector and examines how the different actors involved in it produce and circulate knowledge about how to cultivate and market organic food crops. Producers, agricultural universities, government departments, private sector actors, and urban farmers all have to exchange knowledge so as to overcome a multitude of challenges. An analysis of the processes of knowledge production and circulation is central to understanding how knowledge travels and which practices take hold, and how.
description: Asien, Nr. 134 (2015): ASIEN (Januar)
Critical temperature of noninteracting bosonic gases in cubic optical lattices at arbitrary integer fillings
Creators: name: Rakhimov, Abdulla
name: Askerzade, Iman N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have shown that the critical temperature of a Bose-Einstein condensate to a normal phase transition of noninteracting bosons in cubic optical lattices has a linear dependence on the filling factor, especially at large densities. The condensed fraction exhibits a linear power law dependence on temperature in contrast to the case of ideal homogeneous Bose gases.
description: 13 pages, 6 figures, revtex. The published version
Scoperto un disco protostellare a quattro bracci
Creators: Ufficio stampa Inaf
Publisher: name: Media Inaf
Year: 2023

G358-MM1 ha quattro bracci a spirale che avvolgono la protostella. Bracci che aiutano a trasportare il materiale del disco fino al centro del sistema, dove può raggiungere la protostella e alimentarla. In un articolo pubblicato oggi su Nature Astronomy un gruppo di ricercatori, tra cui anche quattro dell’Inaf, grazie all’utilizzo combinato di antenne radio dislocate in varie parti del mondo ha mappato il disco protostellare di G358-MM1 con un dettaglio senza precedenti
The Program of the discipline""Basics of social and ethnic ecology"
Creators: name: Robert, Sataev
name: Sataeva Liliya
name: Vladimir, Kufterin
name: Nadezhda, Dubova
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Human ecology, social ecology, ethnology, natural and social environment

description: Publication of the training course "The basic of social and ethnic ecology". Its goal is to master the theoretical foundations of social ecology and its components (72 hours, of which 32 hours are classroom instructions and 40 hours - self-dependent work). As a result of mastering the discipline, the student should know the basic concepts of ecology and social health of the population, modern strategies for the environmentally balanced development of society, ensuring human health; be able to use in their work objective assessments of the medico-social and socio-environmental consequences of decision-making, as well as possess the research skills of medico-social and socio-environmental problems in modern society.
Struktur und Entstehung des farbigen Simon-Awe-Komplexes
Creators: name: Wiegrebe, Wolfgang
name: Vilbig, M.
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 1981
Subjects: subject: Acetaldehyde, Disodium-pentakis-(cyano-C)-nitrosyl-ferrate(2), Simon-Awe Reaction, Enamine Intermediate
subject: 540 Chemie

description: A nice blue colour arises from acetaldehyde, Na2[Fe(CN)5NO] • 2 H 2 0 and piperidine (Simon-Awe Reaction). Structure elucidation of the blue material (leading to 1) by combustion analysis, ligand exchange to [Fe(CN)e]4-, reduction to β-aminoethanol and hydrolysis to glyoxal are described. - The blue complex does not contain the amine moiety but is formed via an enamine, an colourless immoniumsalt 2 and its hydrolysis to 1. - Loach's experiments are re-evaluated.
Untersuchungen zur Reaktion cyclischer Imine mit Chinonmethiden
Creators: name: Berger, U.
name: Dannhardt, G.
name: Obergrusberger, R.
name: Wiegrebe, Wolfgang
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 1981
Subjects: subject: 540 Chemie

description: Chinonmethide setzen sich mit alkylsubstituierten cyclischen Iminen, wie Al-Pyrrolinen, 3H-Indolen und 3,4-Dihydroisochinolinen nicht zu den erwarteten Diels-Alder-Addukten um, sondern bilden unter C-Alkylierung die Hydroxybenzyl-Derivate 2, 4, 5 und 9-42. Die Reaktion ist für die Hydroxybenzylierung CH-acider cyclischer Imine von Interesse und ermöglicht u.a. einen einfachen Zugang zu ß-Phenylethyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisochinolin-Derivaten. Alkyl substituted Al-pyrrolines, 3H-indoles or 3,4-dihydroisoquinolines do not react with quinone methids to yield Diels-Alderadducts. Instead, the reactions afford by C-alkylation the hydroxybenzyl derivatives 2, 4, 5 and 9-12. This constitutes a general approach to hydroxybenzyl derivatives of GH-acidic cyclic imines and is of interest in the synthesis of ß-phenylethyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinolines.
Bound state properties and positron annihilation in the negatively charged Ps$^{-}$ ion. On thermal sources of fast positrons and annihilation $γ$-quanta in our Galaxy
Creators: name: Frolov, Alexei M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The total energy and other bound state properties of the ground (bound) $1^{1}S$-state in the Ps$^{-}$ (or $e^{-}e^{+}e^{-}$) ion are determined to very high accuracy. Our best variational energy for the ground state in this ion equals $E$ = -0.26200507023298010777040211998 $a.u.$, which is the lowest variational energy ever obtained for this ion. By using our highly wave functions we evaluated (to very high accuracy) a number of different expectation values (or properties) of the Ps$^{-}$ ion which have never been determined in earlier studies. This includes a number of $\langle r^{k}_{ij} \rangle$ expectation values (where $5 \le k \le 11$), all independent quasi-singular Vinty-type expectation values $\langle \frac{{\bf r}_{ij} {\bf r}_{jk}}{r^{3}_{ij}} \rangle$, the two truly singular $\langle \frac{1}{r^{3}_{ij}} \rangle$ expectation values, etc. Our highly accurate expectation values of the electron-positron delta-function of the Ps$^{-}$ ion we have evaluated (to very high accuracy) the rates of two-, three-, four- and five-photon annihilation. We also discuss thermal sources of the fast positrons and annihilation $γ$-quanta located in our Galaxy.
description: this is the most recent, updated and corrected version
Energy, Hydropower, and Geopolitics — Northeast India and its Neighbors
Creators: name: Hennig, Thomas
Publisher: name: Asien
Year: 2022

description: India’s demand for electricity has recently been increasing at one of the fastest rates of any country in the world. Among renewables, hydropower plays a crucial role as a mature, cost-effective, and reliable power generation technology. India’s Northeast (Brahmaputra Basin) holds an immense hydropower potential of 63 gigawatts, which to this day remains virtually untapped. There are 20 projects in the pipeline with a capacity of greater than 1000 megawatts; among them are both the largest hydropower projects of India as well as some of the largest transmission schemes of anywhere worldwide. Sikkim and Arunachal Pradesh are at the forefront of initiatives to exploit this potential, mainly through private developers and as run-of-river schemes. The government of Arunachal alone has to date awarded 153 hydropower projects with a cumulative capacity of 53.2 GW. The exploitation of hydropower resources is also of crucial geopolitical relevance, both nationally (the Northeast is a vulnerable and conflict-ridden region distinct from mainland India) as well as internationally. China claims Arunachal as its own territory and is developing even more large-scale projects upstream. Additionally, India includes the huge hydropower potential of Bhutan in its own development plans. Most of the forthcoming hydropower projects, those from both the public and private sectors, have been considerably delayed hitherto. The major reasons for this are finance- and tariff-related issues, technical problems, difficulties faced in securing land acquisitions, environmental concerns, and heavy anti-dam public agitation. In this context, the public sector Lower Subansiri Project has evolved into being the most contested dam project in the whole of India.
description: Asien, Nr. 134 (2015): ASIEN (Januar)
3-Phenylisochromane aus 1-Benzylisochinolinen durch Bromcyan-Abbau
Creators: name: Prior, S.
name: Wiegrebe, Wolfgang
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 1981
Subjects: subject: 540 Chemie

description: Die Umsetzung von Laudanosin-6'-carbonsäure (1c) mit BrCN führt zu dem Phenylisochromanon 3b; aus 6'-Hydroxymethyllaudanosin (1b) entsteht das Phenylisochroman 3a. Reaction of laudanosine-6'-carboxylic acid (1c) with BrCN leads to the phenylisochromanone 3b; the phenylisochroman 3a arises from 6'-hydroxymethyl-laudanosine (1b).
Nei ghiacci di Europa, cristalli salini mai visti
Creators: Rossella Spiga
Publisher: name: Media Inaf
Year: 2023

Riproducendo in laboratorio le condizioni di freddo e alta pressione comuni sulle lune di Giove, sono stati prodotti due nuovi tipi di idrati – formati da acqua e cloruro di sodio, il nostro comune sale da cucina – in rapporti mai osservati prima sulla Terra: una molecola di sale per 13 molecole d’acqua e due di sale per 17 d’acqua. Una scoperta che potrebbe spiegare meglio la natura dei ghiacci presenti sulla superficie di lune come Europa
Con Ultrasat, Israele a caccia di eventi transienti
Creators: Giuseppe Fiasconaro
Publisher: name: Media Inaf
Year: 2023

Si chiama Ultrasat il primo telescopio spaziale che metterà in orbita lo Stato di Israele. Sensibile alla radiazione ultravioletta, i suoi target scientifici sono gli eventi astronomici transienti. Il lancio, previsto per il 2026, sarà gestito dalla Nasa, che partecipa anche al programma scientifico della missione
Automatic Differentiation for Orbital-Free Density Functional Theory
Creators: name: Tan, Chuin Wei
name: Pickard, Chris J.
name: Witt, William C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Differentiable programming has facilitated numerous methodological advances in scientific computing. Physics engines supporting automatic differentiation have simpler code, accelerating the development process and reducing the maintenance burden. Furthermore, fully-differentiable simulation tools enable direct evaluation of challenging derivatives - including those directly related to properties measurable by experiment - that are conventionally computed with finite difference methods. Here, we investigate automatic differentiation in the context of orbital-free density functional theory (OFDFT) simulations of materials, introducing PROFESS-AD. Its automatic evaluation of properties derived from first derivatives, including functional potentials, forces, and stresses, facilitates the development and testing of new density functionals, while its direct evaluation of properties requiring higher-order derivatives, such as bulk moduli, elastic constants, and force constants, offers more concise implementations compared to conventional finite difference methods. For these reasons, PROFESS-AD serves as an excellent prototyping tool and provides new opportunities for OFDFT.
Blight in the Center
Creators: name: Eisenberger, Alexandra
name: Keck, Markus
Publisher: name: Asien
Year: 2022

description: The focus of this article is on the planned relocation of Kawran Bazar, the largest traditional food market of Dhaka, Bangladesh, from the city center to three new locations on the urban periphery. We are interested in this specific case as the plans for relocating and decentralizing the market are by now already 20 years old, but have not as yet actually been implemented. In the public discourse, the explanation for this relocation remaining in limbo is often grounded in the narrative of planning failures and a general lack of capacity on the part of the municipality to take decisive action. In contrast, in this paper we develop an argument for understanding the case of Kawran Bazar as the result of a conflict between a newly emerging “globalized elite” that works toward bourgeois urban renewal and a well-established “localized elite” that seeks to protect the rents brought in from the spaces that it controls. With this argument we strive for contributing to the current debate on the “entrepreneurial city” in South Asia, which is currently polarized as to how to best interpret contemporary dynamics of power and resistance there. One perspective focuses solely on the agency of globally networked capitalists, and runs the risk of conceiving of entrepreneurialism as an unstoppable force. A second perspective, in contrast, focuses on the self-organization of the urban poor, and contrariwise runs the risk of overestimating both the benevolence and effectiveness of such movements. In this paper, we aim to develop a middle ground between these two perspectives by applying Henri Lefebvre’s (1972; 2012) notion of “centrality.”
description: Asien, Nr. 134 (2015): ASIEN (Januar)
Josephson current via an isolated Majorana zero mode
Creators: name: Liu, Chun-Xiao
name: van Heck, Bernard
name: Wimmer, Michael
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020

description: This file contains the data and script for generating the figures in the paper "Josephson current via an isolated Majorana zero mode" by the authors. In addition, it also includes the instruction and script for generating the figure data. More details can be found in README.md
On the almost sure location of the singular values of certain Gaussian block-Hankel large random matrices
Creators: name: Loubaton, Philippe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60B20

description: This paper studies the almost sure location of the eigenvalues of matrices ${\bf W}_N {\bf W}_N^{*}$ where ${\bf W}_N = ({\bf W}_N^{(1)T}, ..., {\bf W}_N^{(M)T})^{T}$ is a $ML \times N$ block-line matrix whose block-lines $({\bf W}_N^{(m)})_{m=1, ..., M}$ are independent identically distributed $L \times N$ Hankel matrices built from i.i.d. standard complex Gaussian sequences. It is shown that if $M \rightarrow +\infty$ and $\frac{ML}{N} \rightarrow c_*$ ($c_* \in (0, \infty)$), then the empirical eigenvalue distribution of ${\bf W}_N {\bf W}_N^{*}$ converges almost surely towards the Marcenko-Pastur distribution. More importantly, it is established that if $L = \mathcal{O}(N^α)$ with $α< 2/3$, then, almost surely, for $N$ large enough, the eigenvalues of ${\bf W}_N {\bf W}_N^{*}$ are located in the neighbourhood of the Marcenko-Pastur distribution.
description: 67 pages. Revised version, to appear in Journal of Theoretical Probability, published on line at http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10959-015-0614-z
How is Rapid Urbanization in India Affecting Human Health?
Creators: name: Butsch, Carsten
name: Kroll, Mareike
name: Kraas, Frauke
name: Bharucha, Erach
Publisher: name: Asien
Year: 2022

description: Rapid urbanization in Africa and Asia is currently changing environmental and societal living conditions for a large number of people. In urban India specifically, the deterioration of local natural environments, the inadequate provision of infrastructure, and socioeconomic disparities are collectively resulting in a “double burden” of disease — namely, high morbidity from both communicable diseases and from environment- and lifestyle-related non-communicable ones non-communicable ones. Using the example of Pune, the paper illustrates intra-urban differences in health status and access to healthcare by analyzing: a) the prevalence of diabetes and associated risk factors and b) access to healthcare services. The analysis of the prevalence of diabetes among different socioeconomic groups reveals that although the disease is currently still more common among the more affluent members of the Indian population, those from poorer backgrounds are also now demonstrating an increasing susceptibility to it due to recent changes in their behavioral choices. The course of the disease also differs across social levels, with a much higher number of complications and comorbidities being found among the lower socioeconomic groups. One reason for this lies in the major disparities that exist in access to adequate healthcare services. Pune's healthcare system is scarcely able to meet the challenge posed by a growth in population occurring alongside simultaneous changes in local epidemiological patterns. Major barriers to healthcare access exist in terms of affordability and awareness. These intra-urban differences in exposure to health risks and the varied ability to cope with ill health are now resulting in an epidemiological diversification within Indian urban society. Targeted interventions aimed at different social levels are thus needed if the urban health situation in India is to improve.
description: Asien, Nr. 134 (2015): ASIEN (Januar)
Periodically driven ergodic and many-body localized quantum systems
Creators: name: Ponte, Pedro
name: Chandran, Anushya
name: Papić, Z.
name: Abanin, Dmitry A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study dynamics of isolated quantum many-body systems under periodic driving. We consider a driving protocol in which the Hamiltonian is switched between two different operators periodically in time. The eigenvalue problem of the associated Floquet operator maps onto an effective hopping problem in energy space. Using the effective model, we establish conditions on the spectral properties of the two Hamiltonians for the system to localize in energy space. We find that ergodic systems always delocalize in energy space and heat up to infinite temperature, for both local and global driving. In contrast, many-body localized systems with quenched disorder remain localized at finite energy. We argue that our results hold for general driving protocols, and discuss their experimental implications.
description: 15 pages, 4 figures
Land Use Change in the Coastal Regions of Bangladesh
Creators: name: Falk, Gregor C.
Publisher: name: Asien
Year: 2022

description: The article discusses various internal and external factors influencing the environmental and socioeconomic changes that have occurred in the coastal regions of Bangladesh, changes that have led to significant human displacement and migration. The transformation in traditional land use patterns, and specifically from rice farming to export-oriented shrimp cultivation for the growing global market, can be identified as having both created serious environmental and socioeconomic livelihood threats and decreased local resilience. Consequently this reduction of household resilience has forced certain vulnerable groups to leave their villages. Those affected have a clear understanding that the environmental and socioeconomic changes that they readily perceive are not linked to the effects of global climate change; rather, they clearly identify human interventions and changes in land use as the main causes of their now calamitous situation. Ironically enough, those who are eventually forced to migrate into the slums of Dhaka by an increasing global demand for cheap shrimps find new employment opportunities as low-paid workers in the country’s rapidly developing garment sector— itself also linked to global production chains. In addition to this social dimension of change, the large-scale deforestation of fringing mangrove forests that has been occurring since the early 1980s has severely altered the geomorphological structures in Bangladesh’s coastal sedimentary environments. The observed social and environmental problems in southern Bangladesh result from various impact factors, and as such to blame global climate change alone is a far too simplistic argument. Even the observed and further predicted global sea level rise might not increase the vulnerability experienced in coastal environments in a geomorphological context of undisturbed natural conditions. On the contrary, the delta complex would actually benefit from increased sedimentation rates and thus grow even further. As the continuous expansion of aquacultures has by now gone far beyond the capacity of the local environment to support that, the production process has ultimately proved unsustainable. A second economic transition phase has thus recently begun, with more and more industries like shipyards, textile factories etc. now replacing the former shrimp farms.
description: Asien, Nr. 134 (2015): ASIEN (Januar)
Buchi neri giganti in rotta di collisione
Creators: Laura Leonardi
Publisher: name: Media Inaf
Year: 2023

Un nuovo studio ha rilevato due coppie di buchi neri supermassicci in due galassie nane in rotta di collisione. Le osservazioni sono state ottenute dai dati in banda X di Chandra e potrebbero fornire informazioni utili sull’evoluzione dei buchi neri nell'universo primordiale. Il risultato su The Astrophysical Journal
Optimal designs for the methane flux in troposphere
Creators: name: Baran, Sándor
name: Sikolya, Kinga
name: Stehlík, Milan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The understanding of methane emission and methane absorption plays a central role both in the atmosphere and on the surface of the Earth. Several important ecological processes, e.g., ebullition of methane and its natural microergodicity request better designs for observations in order to decrease variability in parameter estimation. Thus, a crucial fact, before the measurements are taken, is to give an optimal design of the sites where observations should be collected in order to stabilize the variability of estimators. In this paper we introduce a realistic parametric model of covariance and provide theoretical and numerical results on optimal designs. For parameter estimation D-optimality, while for prediction integrated mean square error and entropy criteria are used. We illustrate applicability of obtained benchmark designs for increasing/measuring the efficiency of the engineering designs for estimation of methane rate in various temperature ranges and under different correlation parameters. We show that in most situations these benchmark designs have higher efficiency.
description: 25 pages, 4 figures
“Without a Mobile Phone, I Suppose I Had to Go There”
Creators: name: Sterly, Harald
Publisher: name: Asien
Year: 2022

description: Recent estimates put the global number of mobile phone subscriptions close to the number of humans currently alive on Earth; at the same time, the global number of both domestic and international migrants is approaching the one billion mark. This article addresses the linkages between these two processes: Although migrants and mobile populations always had ties to their places of origin, the recent boom in access to affordable communication — specifically in the form of mobile phones — has fundamentally changed the way in which millions of migrants “live” translocality. These changes are traced in this article in the translocal social constellations of rural-to-urban migrants in Bangladesh. Translocality is conceptualized through a theoretical framework of strong structuration theory, with the key elements herein being networks, places, and resources. Using the two examples of remittances and the chatroom, it is shown how changing communication practices are now shaping and rearranging the country’s translocal structures. These structural changes encompass social and spatial reconfigurations of translocal networks, shifts in resource endowment, and shifts of norms and expectations regarding social and economic interactions and transactions.
description: Asien, Nr. 134 (2015): ASIEN (Januar)
BepiColombo e Solar Orbiter in tandem su Venere
Creators: Marco Malaspina
Publisher: name: Media Inaf
Year: 2023

Il 9 e il 10 agosto 2021 le due missioni hanno compiuto un flyby del pianeta a poche ore l’una dall’altra, consentendo di raccogliere informazioni senza precedenti sulla capacità di Venere di mantenere una spessa atmosfera pur senza senza la protezione di un campo magnetico endogeno. Fra le autrici dello studio, pubblicato su Nature Communications, anche le ricercatrici dell’Inaf Valeria Mangano e Anna Milillo
What do future data services look like?
Creators: name: Gordon, Emma
name: Welpton, Richard
name: Ritchie, Felix
name: Green, Elizabeth
name: McEachern, Steven
name: Levenstein, Maggie
name: Dutton, Kirsten
name: Bishop, Libby
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Data Services
Strategic policy

description: The UK data services landscape has evolved substantially over the past decade. New legal frameworks for accessing data have been implemented; new methods for accessing and combining data have emerged and advances in technology, tools and methods have continued to grow. The landscape has become more complex, with a growing number of infrastructures providing services to data owners and data users serving a variety of needs. Many of these changes have occurred in the years since the Economic and Social Research Council (ESRC) established the UK Data Service and other data service investments. The main questions that our data services face are: how can current infrastructures connect more closely to deliver unified services for researchers?; what is the foundation needed to support researchers in an ever changing legal/technology/policy landscape?; how can data services work to support societal changes, e.g. addressing inequality in data, working in an environmentally sustainable way? To respond to the increasing demands on social science data, ESRC has embarked on a strategic review called Future Data Services (FDS), to scope out how data services can deliver services to a broader, more diverse audience with an increasing need for interdisciplinarity. The rest of the world is also experiencing similar challenges; therefore this session should be of interest to a broad international audience. This panel will bring together experts for a discussion on the future of data services. ESRC will present its recommendations that have been developed through its work on FDS. We will invite the panelists and the audience to challenge us on what is required to respond to community needs in an ever-changing landscape. The panel will discuss the components that make up a ‘good’ data service and how data services could be utilised to deliver even greater public good.
Sei pesi massimi all’alba dell’universo
Creators: Giuseppe Fiasconaro
Publisher: name: Media Inaf
Year: 2023

Risalgono a un'epoca in cui l'universo aveva circa 600 milioni di anni. Ma sono già talmente massicce da mettere in discussione – se le conclusioni dei ricercatori si dimostreranno corrette – la maggior parte degli attuali modelli cosmologici. Sono le sei galassie scoperte da un team internazionale di astronomi nel primo set di dati prodotti dal telescopio spaziale James Webb. Lo studio è pubblicato su Nature
Искусство Евразии, Выпуск 2(3) 2016
Creators: name: Алтайский государственный технический университет им. И.И. Ползунова
Publisher: name: Искусство Евразии
Year: 2016

description: , Выпуск 2(3) 2016
description: Редакция журнала ставит перед собой две основных цели. Во-первых, создать платформу для презентации работ художников, архитекторов, скульпторов, представителей различных художественных движений на евразийском пространстве. Во-вторых, заново поднять вечные вопросы — об искусстве как таковом, о его сути, задачах и проблемах, а также напомнить о том, как эти вопросы решались в трудах выдающихся мыслителей разных времен. И, в-третьих, способствовать культурному диалогу и взаимообмену, совместным проектам в сфере искусства, которое объединяет людей поверх искусственных разделений и государственных границ.

Основной язык журнала — русский, но на английской странице, помимо абстрактов, часть статей представляется на английском языке.
Periods of modular forms and identities between Eisenstein series
Creators: name: Khuri-Makdisi, Kamal
name: Raji, Wissam
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11F67, 11F11

description: Borisov and Gunnells observed in 2001 that certain linear relations between products of two holomorphic weight 1 Eisenstein series had the same structure as the relations between periods of modular forms; a similar phenomenon exists in higher weights. We give a conceptual reason for this observation in arbitrary weight. This involves an unconventional way of expanding the Rankin-Selberg convolution of a cusp form with an Eisenstein series. We also prove a partial result towards understanding the action of a Hecke operator on a product of two Eisenstein series.
description: 16 pages, amslatex. Version 2: some minor edits
Convolution and Fourier Transform: from Gaussian and Lorentzian Functions to q-Gaussian Tsallis Functions
Creators: name: Sparavigna, Amelia Carolina
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Raman Spectroscopy
Voigt convolution
q-Gaussian Tsallis functions

description: A discussion is here proposed regarding the Voigt function (that is the convolution of Gaussian and Lorentzian functions), and the Levy and q-Gaussian Tsallis distributions. The Voigt and q-Gaussian functions can be used as line shapes in Raman spectroscopy for fitting spectra. Using the convolution theorem, we can obtain the relaxations which are producing the Voigt line shape. To determine the relaxation governing the q-Gaussian line shape, we need to use the Levy distribution, since the direct Fourier transform of the q-Gaussian is a very complicated function. According to the work by Deng, 2010, the q-Gaussian functions are mimicking the Levy functions in an excellent manner. Being the Fourier transform of the Levy function a stretched exponential relaxation, we can argue that the same mechanism is producing the q-Gaussian line shape. Moreover, using the convolution theorem for the q-Gaussians, we can further generalize the relaxation mechanism.
Surfando l’onda di una supernova
Creators: Laura Leonardi
Publisher: name: Media Inaf
Year: 2023

Sono stati sintetizzati da esplosioni stellari di oggetti diversi, avvenute in regioni differenti della galassia. Eppure a un certo punto alcuni isotopi hanno percorso insieme un tratto di spazio così da giungere sulla Terra nello stesso periodo. Un nuovo studio – seguendo le tracce del manganese, del ferro e del plutonio rinvenute sui fondali oceanici – prova a ricostruirne il viaggio
title: Influence of Structure and Doping on Frustration in Low-Dimensional Coordination Polymers
Creators: name: Falsaperna, Mario
Publisher: name: University of Kent
Year: 2022

description: Magnetic materials are good candidates for cooling applications due to the magnetocaloric effect, potentially replacing conventional gas compression/expansion refrigeration in future technologies. In particular, magnetic coordination polymers and metal-organic frameworks have attracted attention due to their flexible design. When low-dimensional motifs and geometric frustration are present, these materials show promising magnetocaloric properties at low and ultra-low temperatures, which is particularly useful for replacing conventional cryogenics, including He, an increasingly scarce resource. Probing the magnetic interactions is important for understanding the properties they can exhibit and can provide further understating into how these properties can be enhanced. This thesis explores the effects of modifying the structure of well-known lanthanide-based frustrated frameworks, as well as doping these. A complex 2D-layered framework exhibiting 2D magnetism, [Li(C2O4)]2[Co5(OH)8], has been studied as well, with its magnetic structure determined at 8 K. The nuclear structures and magnetic properties of the materials have been investigated with a combination of techniques, including x-ray and neutron diffraction, combined with Rietveld refinements of the obtained patterns.