cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The Number of Rational Points of Two Parameter Calabi-Yau manifolds as Toric Hypersurfaces
Creators: name: Jing, Yuan-Chun
name: Li, Xuan
name: Yang, Fu-Zhong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The number of rational points in toric data are given for two-parameter Calabi-Yau $n$-folds as toric hypersurfaces over finite fields $\mathbb F_p$ . We find that the fundamental period is equal to the number of rational points of the Calabi-Yau $n$-folds in zeroth order $p$-adic expansion. By analyzing the solution set of the GKZ-system given by the enhanced polyhedron, we deduce that under type II/F-theory duality the 3D and 4D Calabi-Yau manifolds have the same number of rational points in zeroth order. Taking the quintic and its duality as an example, the number of rational points in some specific complex moduli are given by numerical calculation to support our results.
description: 18 pages
Interacting fermions in rotation: chiral symmetry restoration, moment of inertia and thermodynamics
Creators: name: Chernodub, M. N.
name: Gongyo, Shinya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study rotating fermionic matter at finite temperature in the framework of the Nambu-Jona-Lasinio model. In order to respect causality the rigidly rotating system must be bound by a cylindrical boundary with appropriate boundary conditions that confine the fermions inside the cylinder. We show the finite geometry with the MIT boundary conditions affects strongly the phase structure of the model leading to three distinct regions characterized by explicitly broken (gapped), partially restored (nearly gapless) and spontaneously broken (gapped) phases at, respectively, small, moderate and large radius of the cylinder. The presence of the boundary leads to specific steplike irregularities of the chiral condensate as functions of coupling constant, temperature and angular frequency. These steplike features have the same nature as the Shubnikov-de Haas oscillations with the crucial difference that they occur in the absence of both external magnetic field and Fermi surface. At finite temperature the rotation leads to restoration of spontaneously broken chiral symmetry while the vacuum at zero temperature is insensitive to rotation ("cold vacuum cannot rotate"). As the temperature increases the critical angular frequency decreases and the transition becomes softer. A phase diagram in angular frequency-temperature plane is presented. We also show that at fixed temperature the fermion matter in the chirally restored (gapless) phase has a higher moment of inertia compared to the one in the chirally broken (gapped) phase.
description: 30 pages, 14 figures; v2: misprints corrected
OH-SMArt Symposium 2023 Verslag
Creators: name: Stigter, Sanneke
name: Wolfkamp, Laura
Publisher: name: University of Amsterdam / Amsterdam University of Applied Sciences
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Humanities
subject: FOS: Humanities
subject: Information and Computing Sciences
subject: Language, Communication and Culture
subject: Museology

description: Account in text and photographs of the OH-SMArt Symposium 2023 as part of the research project Oral History - Stories at the Museum around Artworks (OH-SMArt), 19 April 2023 in De Pont, Tilburg, the Netherlands.
M2M Traffic via Random Access Satellite links: Interactions between Transport and MAC Layers
Creators: name: Bacco, Manlio
name: De Cola, Tomaso
name: Giambene, Giovanni
name: Gotta, Alberto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Machine-to-machine services are witnessing an unprecedented diffusion, which is expected to result in an ever-increasing data traffic load. In this context, satellite technology is playing a pivotal role, since it enables a widespread provisioning of machine-to-machine services. In particular, oil industry, maritime communications, as well as remote monitoring are sectors where the use of satellite communications is expected to dramatically explode within the next few years. In the light of this sudden increase of machine-to-machine data transported over satellite, a more thorough understanding of machine-to-machine service implementation over satellite is required, especially focusing on the interaction between transport and MAC layers of the protocol stack. Starting from these observations, this paper thoroughly analyses the interaction between TCP and the Contention Resolution Diversity Slotted Aloha access scheme defined in the DVB-RCS2 standard, assuming the use of an MQTT-like protocol to distribute machine-to-machine services. A novel TCP model is developed and validated through extensive simulation campaigns, which also shed important lights on the design choices enabling the efficient transport of machine-to-machine data via satellite.
Latency considerations for stochastic optimizers in variational quantum algorithms
Creators: name: Menickelly, Matt
name: Ha, Yunsoo
name: Otten, Matthew
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Variational quantum algorithms, which have risen to prominence in the noisy intermediate-scale quantum setting, require the implementation of a stochastic optimizer on classical hardware. To date, most research has employed algorithms based on the stochastic gradient iteration as the stochastic classical optimizer. In this work we propose instead using stochastic optimization algorithms that yield stochastic processes emulating the dynamics of classical deterministic algorithms. This approach results in methods with theoretically superior worst-case iteration complexities, at the expense of greater per-iteration sample (shot) complexities. We investigate this trade-off both theoretically and empirically and conclude that preferences for a choice of stochastic optimizer should explicitly depend on a function of both latency and shot execution times.
Tatooine's Future: The Eccentric Response of Kepler's Circumbinary Planets to Common-Envelope Evolution of their Host Stars
Creators: name: Kostov, Veselin B.
name: Moore, Keavin
name: Tamayo, Daniel
name: Jayawardhana, Ray
name: Rinehart, Stephen A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Inspired by the recent Kepler discoveries of circumbinary planets orbiting nine close binary stars, we explore the fate of the former as the latter evolve off the main sequence. We combine binary star evolution models with dynamical simulations to study the orbital evolution of these planets as their hosts undergo common-envelope stages, losing in the process a tremendous amount of mass on dynamical timescales. Five of the systems experience at least one Roche-lobe overflow and common-envelope stages (Kepler-1647 experiences three), and the binary stars either shrink to very short orbits or coalesce; two systems trigger a double-degenerate supernova explosion. Kepler's circumbinary planets predominantly remain gravitationally bound at the end of the common-envelope phase, migrate to larger orbits, and may gain significant eccentricity; their orbital expansion can be more than an order of magnitude and can occur over the course of a single planetary orbit. The orbits these planets can reach are qualitatively consistent with those of the currently known post-common-envelope, eclipse-time variations circumbinary candidates. Our results also show that circumbinary planets can experience both modes of orbital expansion (adiabatic and non-adiabatic) if their host binaries undergo more than one common-envelope stage; multiplanet circumbinary systems like Kepler-47 can experience both modes during the same common-envelope stage. Additionally, unlike Mercury orbiting the Sun, a circumbinary planet with the same semi-major axis can survive the common envelope evolution of a close binary star with a total mass of 1 MSun.
description: 61 pages, 20 figures, 11 tables; accepted for publication in the ApJ
Improving regularity conditions in demand systems
Creators: name: Parameswaran, Priya.
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2022

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
Hydrogen bonds vs. $π$-stacking interactions in the p-aminophenol...p-cresol dimer: an experimental and theoretical study
Creators: name: Capello, Carolina
name: Hernández, Federico
name: Broquier, Michel
name: Dedonder-Lardeux, Claude
name: Jouvet, Christophe
name: Pino, Gustavo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Atomic and Molecular Clusters (physics.atm-clus)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The gas phase structure and excited state lifetime of the p-aminophenol...p-cresol heterodimer have been investigated by REMPI and LIF spectroscopy with nanosecond laser pulses and pump-probe experiments with picosecond laser pulses as a model system to study the competition between p-p and H-bonding interactions in aromatic dimers. The excitation is a broad and unstructured band. The excitedstate of the heterodimer is long lived (2.5 +/- 0.5) ns with a very broad fluorescence spectrum red-shifted by 4000 cm^{-1} with respect to the excitation spectrum. Calculations at the MP2/RI-CC2 and DFT-oB97X-D levels indicate that hydrogen-bonded (HB) and p-stacked isomers are almost isoenergetic in the ground state while in the excited state only the p-stacked isomer exists. This suggests that the HB isomer cannot be excited due to negligible Franck-Condon factors and therefore the excitation spectrum is associated with the p-stacked isomer that reaches vibrationally excited states in the S1 state upon vertical excitation. The excited state structure is an exciplex responsible for the fluorescence of the complex. Finally,a comparison was performed between the p-stacked structure observed for the p-aminophenol...p-cresol heterodimer and the HB structure reported for the (p-cresol)2 homodimer indicating that the differences are due to different optical properties (oscillator strengths and Franck-Condon factors) of the isomers of both dimers and not to the interactions involved in the ground state
Calculating the Middle Ages? The Project "Complexities and Networks in the Medieval Mediterranean and Near East" (COMMED)
Creators: name: Preiser-Kapeller, Johannes
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The project "Complexities and networks in the Medieval Mediterranean and Near East" (COMMED) at the Division for Byzantine Research of the Institute for Medieval Research (IMAFO) of the Austrian Academy of Sciences focuses on the adaptation and development of concepts and tools of network theory and complexity sciences for the analysis of societies, polities and regions in the medieval world in a comparative perspective. Key elements of its methodological and technological toolkit are applied, for instance, in the new project "Mapping medieval conflicts: a digital approach towards political dynamics in the pre-modern period" (MEDCON), which analyses political networks and conflict among power elites across medieval Europe with five case studies from the 12th to 15th century. For one of these case studies on 14th century Byzantium, the explanatory value of this approach is presented in greater detail. The presented results are integrated in a wider comparison of five late medieval polities across Afro-Eurasia (Byzantium, China, England, Hungary and Mamluk Egypt) against the background of the »Late Medieval Crisis« and its political and environmental turmoil. Finally, further perspectives of COMMED are outlined.
description: 23 figures
Minimal non-abelian nodal braiding in ideal metamaterials
Creators: name: Qiu, Huahui
name: Zhang, Qicheng
name: Liu, Tingzhi
name: Fan, Xiying
name: Zhang, Fan
name: Qiu, Chunyin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Exploring new topological phases and phenomena has become a vital topic in condensed matter physics and material sciences. It is generally believed that a pair of band nodes with opposite topological charges will annihilate after collision. Recent studies reveal that a braided colliding nodal pair can be stabilized in a multi-gap system with PT or C_2z T symmetry. Beyond the conventional single-gap abelian band topology, this intriguing phenomenon exemplifies non-abelian topological charges. Here, we construct ideal acoustic metamaterials to realize non-abelian braiding with the fewest band nodes. We experimentally observe an elegant but nontrivial nodal braiding process, including nodes creation, braiding, collision, and repulsion (i.e., failure to annihilate), and measure the mirror eigenvalues to elucidate the essential braiding consequence. The latter, at the level of wavefunctions, is of prime importance since the braiding physics essentially aims to entangle multi-band wavefunctions. Furthermore, we experimentally unveil the highly intricate correspondence between the edge responses and the bulk non-abelian charges. Notably, all our experimental data perfectly reproduce our numerical simulations. Our findings pave the way for developing non-abelian topological physics that is still in its infancy.
The weak mixing angle from low energy neutrino measurements: a global update
Creators: name: Canas, B. C.
name: Garces, E. A.
name: Miranda, O. G.
name: Tortola, M.
name: Valle, J. W. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Taking into account recent theoretical and experimental inputs on reactor fluxes we reconsider the determination of the weak mixing angle from low energy experiments. We perform a global analysis to all available neutrino-electron scattering data from reactor antineutrino experiments, obtaining sin^2(theta_W) = 0.252 \pm 0.030. We discuss the impact of the new theoretical prediction for the neutrino spectrum, the new measurement of the reactor antineutrino spectrum by the Daya Bay collaboration, as well as the effect of radiative corrections. We also reanalyze the measurements of the nu_e-e cross section at accelerator experiments including radiative corrections. By combining reactor and accelerator data we obtain an improved determination for the weak mixing angle, sin^2(theta_W) = 0.254 \pm 0.024.
description: 11 pages, 5 figures, report no. IFIC/16-59
Halo Histories vs. Galaxy Properties at z=0, I: The Quenching of Star Formation
Creators: name: Tinker, Jeremy
name: Wetzel, Andrew
name: Conroy, Charlie
name: Mao, Yao-Yuan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We test whether halo age and galaxy age are correlated at fixed halo and galaxy mass. The formation histories, and thus ages, of dark matter halos correlate with their large-scale density $ρ$, an effect known as assembly bias. We test whether this correlation extends to galaxies by measuring the dependence of galaxy stellar age on $ρ$. To clarify the comparison between theory and observation, and to remove the strong environmental effects on satellites, we use galaxy group catalogs to identify central galaxies and measure their quenched fraction, $f_Q$, as a function of large-scale environment. Models that match halo age to central galaxy age predict a strong positive correlation between $f_Q$ and $ρ$. However, we show that the amplitude of this effect depends on the definition of halo age: assembly bias is significantly reduced when removing the effects of splashback halos---those halos that are central but have passed through a larger halo or experienced strong tidal encounters. Defining age using halo mass at its peak value rather than current mass removes these effects. In SDSS data, at M$_{\rm gal}\gtrsim 10^{10.0}$ M_sol/h$^2$, there is a $\sim 5\%$ increase in $f_Q$ from low to high densities, which is in agreement with predictions of dark matter halos using peak halo mass. At lower stellar mass there is little to no correlation of $f_Q$ with $ρ$. For these galaxies, age-matching is inconsistent with the data across the wide range the halo formation metrics that we tested. This implies that halo formation history has a small but statistically significant impact on quenching of star formation at high masses, while the quenching process in low-mass central galaxies is uncorrelated with halo formation history.
description: 13 pages, 12 figures, submitted to MNRAS
Multi-modal image retrieval with random walk on multi-layer graphs
Creators: name: Khasanova, Renata
name: Dong, Xiaowen
name: Frossard, Pascal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Multimedia (cs.MM)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The analysis of large collections of image data is still a challenging problem due to the difficulty of capturing the true concepts in visual data. The similarity between images could be computed using different and possibly multimodal features such as color or edge information or even text labels. This motivates the design of image analysis solutions that are able to effectively integrate the multi-view information provided by different feature sets. We therefore propose a new image retrieval solution that is able to sort images through a random walk on a multi-layer graph, where each layer corresponds to a different type of information about the image data. We study in depth the design of the image graph and propose in particular an effective method to select the edge weights for the multi-layer graph, such that the image ranking scores are optimised. We then provide extensive experiments in different real-world photo collections, which confirm the high performance of our new image retrieval algorithm that generally surpasses state-of-the-art solutions due to a more meaningful image similarity computation.
NLO QCD Predictions for off-shell $t \bar t$ and $t \bar t H$ Production and Decay at a Linear Collider
Creators: name: Nejad, Bijan Chokoufé
name: Kilian, Wolfgang
name: Lindert, Jonas M.
name: Pozzorini, Stefano
name: Reuter, Jürgen
name: Weiss, Christian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present predictions for $t \bar t$ and $t \bar t H$ production and decay at future lepton colliders including non-resonant and interference contributions up to next-to-leading order (NLO) in perturbative QCD. The obtained precision predictions are necessary for a future precise determination of the top-quark Yukawa coupling, and allow for top-quark phenomenology in the continuum at an unprecedented level of accuracy. Simulations are performed with the automated NLO Monte-Carlo framework WHIZARD interfaced to the OpenLoops matrix element generator.
description: 42 pages, 21 figures
Detecting phase transitions and crossovers in Hubbard models using the fidelity susceptibility
Creators: name: Huang, Li
name: Wang, Yilin
name: Wang, Lei
name: Werner, Philipp
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A generalized version of the fidelity susceptibility of single-band and multi-orbital Hubbard models is systematically studied using single-site dynamical mean-field theory in combination with a hybridization expansion continuous-time quantum Monte Carlo impurity solver. We find that the fidelity susceptibility is extremely sensitive to changes in the state of the system. It can be used as a numerically inexpensive tool to detect and characterize a broad range of phase transitions and crossovers in Hubbard models, including (orbital-selective) Mott metal-insulator transitions, high-spin to low-spin transitions, Fermi-liquid to non-Fermi-liquid crossovers, and spin-freezing crossovers.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures
Incomplete Phase-Space Method to Reveal Time Delay From Scalar Time-series
Creators: name: Zhu, Shengli
name: Gan, Lu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A computationally quick and conceptually simple method to recover time delay of the chaotic system from scalar time series is developed in this paper. We show that the orbits in the incomplete two-dimensional reconstructed phase-space will show local clustering phenomenon after the component permutation procedure proposed in this work. We find that information captured by the incomplete two-dimensional reconstructed phase-space, is related to the time delay ${τ_0}$ present in the system, and will be transferred to the permutation component by the procedure of component permutation. We then propose the segmented mean-variance (SMV) from the permutation component to identify the time delay ${τ_0}$ of the system. The proposed SMV shows clear maximum when the embedding delay $τ$ of the incomplete reconstruction matches the time delay ${τ_0}$ of the chaotic system. Numerical data generated by a time-delay system based on the Mackey-Glass equation operating in the chaotic regime are used to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed SMV. Experimental results show that the proposed SMV is robust to additive observational noise and is able to recover the time delay of the chaotic system even though the amount of data is relatively small and the feedback strength is weak. Moreover, the time complexity of the proposed method is quite low.
description: 12 pages, 23 figures
ParsEval: Evaluation of parsing behavior using real-world out-in-the-wild X.509 certificates
Creators: name: Tatschner, Stefan
name: N. Peters, Sebastian
name: P. Heinl, Michael
name: Specht, Tobias
name: NEWE, THOMAS
Publisher: name: University of Limerick
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 40
subject: Engineering

description: X.509 certificates play a crucial role in establishing secure communication over the internet by enabling authentication and data integrity. Equipped with a rich feature set, the X.509 standard is defined by multiple, comprehensive ISO/IEC documents. Due to its internet-wide usage, there are different implementations in multiple programming languages leading to a large and fragmented ecosystem. This work addresses the research question “Are there user-visible and security-related differences between X.509 certificate parsers?”. Relevant libraries offering APIs for parsing X.509 certificates were investigated and an appropriate test suite was developed. From 34 libraries 6 were chosen for further analysis. The X.509 parsing modules of the chosen libraries were called with 186,576,846 different certificates from a real-world dataset and the observed error codes were investigated. This study reveals an anomaly in wolfSSL’s X.509 parsing module and that there are fundamental differences in the ecosystem. While related studies nowadays mostly focus on fuzzing techniques resulting in artificial certificates, this study confirms that available X.509 parsing modules differ largely and yield different results, even for real-world out-in-the-wild certificates
The endogeneity of money, with reference to Australia
Creators: name: Hewitson, Gillian.
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2022

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
Asymptotics near extinction for nonlinear fast diffusion on a bounded domain
Creators: name: Choi, Beomjun
name: McCann, Robert J.
name: Seis, Christian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35K55 (Primary), 35B40, 35J61, 35Q79, 37L25, 80A19 (Secondary)

description: On a smooth bounded Euclidean domain, Sobolev-subcritical fast diffusion with vanishing boundary trace is known to lead to finite-time extinction, with a vanishing profile selected by the initial datum. In rescaled variables, we quantify the rate of convergence to this profile uniformly in relative error, showing the rate is either exponentially fast (with a rate constant predicted by the spectral gap), or algebraically slow (which is only possible in the presence of non-integrable zero modes). In the first case, the nonlinear dynamics are well-approximated by exponentially decaying eigenmodes up to at least twice the gap; this refines and confirms a 1980 conjecture of Berryman and Holland. We also improve on a result of Bonforte and Figalli, by providing a new and simpler approach which is able to accommodate the presence of zero modes, such as those that occur when the vanishing profile fails to be isolated (and possibly belongs to a continuum of such profiles).
description: 48 pages. To appear in Archive for Rational Mechanics and Analysis
Steady Euler flows on $\mathbb{R}^3$ with wild and universal dynamics
Creators: name: Berger, Pierre
name: Florio, Anna
name: Peralta-Salas, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Understanding complexity in fluid mechanics is a major problem that has attracted the attention of physicists and mathematicians during the last decades. Using the concept of renormalization in dynamics, we show the existence of a locally dense set $\mathscr G$ of stationary solutions to the Euler equations in $\mathbb R^3$ such that each vector field $X\in \mathscr G$ is universal in the sense that any area preserving diffeomorphism of the disk can be approximated (with arbitrary precision) by the Poincaré map of $X$ at some transverse section. We remark that this universality is approximate but occurs at all scales. In particular, our results establish that a steady Euler flow may exhibit any conservative finite codimensional dynamical phenomenon; this includes the existence of horseshoes accumulated by elliptic islands, increasing union of horseshoes of Hausdorff dimension $3$ or homoclinic tangencies of arbitrarily high multiplicity. The steady solutions we construct are Beltrami fields with sharp decay at infinity. To prove these results we introduce new perturbation methods in the context of Beltrami fields that allow us to import deep techniques from bifurcation theory: the Gonchenko-Shilnikov-Turaev universality theory and the Newhouse and Duarte theorems on the geometry of wild hyperbolic sets. These perturbation methods rely on two tools from linear PDEs: global approximation and Cauchy-Kovalevskaya theorems. These results imply a strong version of V.I. Arnold's vision on the complexity of Beltrami fields in Euclidean space.
description: 45 pages, 6 figures
The Wettstein tesseract: A tool for conceptualising species‐rank decisions and illustrating speciation trajectories
Creators: name: Oberprieler, Christoph
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: ecology; genealogy; geography; morphology; species concepts; speciation; taxonomy
subject: 570 Biowissenschaften, Biologie
subject: 580 Pflanzen (Botanik)

description: Genealogy-based species-delimitation approaches resting upon multilocus sequence data aim at arranging organisms into species taxa (the “grouping” step in a classification procedure), but provide no criteria for the subsequent decision of whether these taxa should be acknowledged as species in the Linnaean classification system (the “ranking” step). By integration of genealogical, morphological, ecological, and geographical patterns as proposed by von Wettstein (1898), species-rank decisions can be conceptualised in a reproducible manner and comprehensibly depicted in a four-dimensional hypercube (the herewith introduced “Wettstein tesseract”). Additionally, the Wettstein tesseract provides a tool for illustrating and teaching components and properties of speciation pathways realised in nature.
Adiabatic hydrodynamic modes in dielectric environment in a random electric field
Creators: name: Stupka, Anton
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Dielectric is considered in the electric field that has equal to zero the first moment and different from zero the second moment of strength in an equilibrium. The equations of ideal hydrodynamics are obtained in such a field for the case of the neglect of dissipative effects. A new variable - the second moment of electric field strength is included in the Euler equation. A temporal equation for this variable is obtained on the basis of Maxwell equations in the hydrodynamic approximation. Adiabatic one-dimensional waves of small amplitude are studied in this system. Proceeding from the theoretical estimation of the intracrystalline field in an ionic crystal the good consent of the obtained numerical values of transversal velocity of this wave with transversal velocity of sound for isotropic crystals of alkali halides is found.
description: Keywords: electrohydrodynamics, isotropic second moment of electric field strength, one-dimensional plane wave, sound mode, transversal velocity of sound, alkali halide
The Australian film industry as an infant industry
Creators: name: Comley, Blair R.
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2022

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
Improved orbits and parallaxes for eight visual binaries with unrealistic previous masses using the Hipparcos parallax
Creators: name: Docobo, J. A.
name: Tamazian, V. S.
name: Malkov, O. Yu.
name: Campo, P. P.
name: Chulkov, D. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Improved orbits are presented for the visual binaries WDS 02366+1227, WDS 02434-6643, WDS 03244-1539, WDS 08507+1800, WDS 09128-6055, WDS 11532-1540, WDS 17375+2419, and WDS 22408-0333. The latest orbits for these binaries were demonstrating a great inconsistency between the systemic mass obtained through Kepler's Third Law and that calculated as a sum of their components' mass through standard mass-luminosity and mass-spectrum relationships. Our improvement allowed us to obtain consistent systemic masses for WDS 02434-6643 and WDS 09128-6055 without a need for changing the Hipparcos parallax. For the remaining 6 pairs, we suggest the use of their dynamical parallax as a reliable distance estimate unless more precise parallax is reported. Astrophysical and dynamical properties of individual objects are discussed.
description: 9 pages, 9 figures
Dynamic stabilisation of Rayleigh-Plateau modes on a liquid cylinder
Creators: name: Patankar, Sagar
name: Basak, Saswata
name: Dasgupta, Ratul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate dynamic stabilisation of axisymmetric Fourier modes susceptible to the classical Rayleigh-Plateau (RP) instability on a liquid cylinder by subjecting it to a radial oscillatory body force. Viscosity is found to play a crucial role in this stabilisation. Linear stability predictions are obtained via Floquet analysis demonstrating that RP unstable modes can be stabilised using radial forcing. We also solve the linearised, viscous initial-value problem for free-surface deformation obtaining an equation governing the amplitude of a three-dimensional Fourier mode. This equation generalises the Mathieu equation governing Faraday waves on a cylinder derived earlier in Patankar et al. (2018), is non-local in time and represents the cylindrical analogue of its Cartesian counterpart (Beyer & Friedrich 1995). The memory term in this equation is physically interpreted and it is shown that for highly viscous fluids, its contribution can be sizeable. Predictions from the numerical solution to this equation demonstrates RP mode stabilisation upto several hundred forcing cycles and is in excellent agreement with numerical simulations of the incompressible, Navier-Stokes equations.
description: Reviewed under JFM
Epsilon-Near-Zero behavior from plasmonic Dirac point: theory and realization using two-dimensional materials
Creators: name: Mattheakis, Marios
name: Valagiannopoulos, Constantinos A.
name: Kaxiras, Efthimios
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The electromagnetic response of a two-dimensional metal embedded in a periodic array of a dielectric host can give rise to a plasmonic Dirac point that emulates Epsilon-Near-Zero (ENZ) behavior. This theoretical result is extremely sensitive to tructural features like periodicity of the dielectric medium and thickness imperfections. We propose that such a device can actually be realized by using graphene as the 2D metal and materials like the layered semiconducting transition-metal dichalcogenides or hexagonal boron nitride as the dielectric host. We propose a systematic approach, in terms of design characteristics, for constructing metamaterials with linear, elliptical and hyperbolic dispersion relations which produce ENZ behavior, normal or negative diffraction.
Twisted C-brackets
Creators: name: Davidović, Ljubica
name: Ivanišević, Ilija
name: Sazdović, Branislav
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the double field formulation of the closed bosonic string theory, and calculate the Poisson bracket algebra of the symmetry generators governing both general coordinate and local gauge transformations. Parameters of both of these symmetries depend on a double coordinate, defined as a direct sum of the initial and T-dual coordinate. When no antisymmetric field is present, the $C$-bracket appears as the Lie bracket generalization in a double theory. With the introduction of the Kalb-Ramond field, the $B$-twisted $C$-bracket appears, while with the introduction of the non-commutativity parameter, the $θ$-twisted $C$-bracket appears. We present the derivation of these brackets and comment on their relations to analogous twisted Courant brackets and T-duality.
Performance Optimization of WSNs using External Information
Creators: name: Dias, Gabriel Martins
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: D.2.11; C.2.1

description: The goal of this work is to describe a self-management system that correlates data sensed by different Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) and adjusts the number of active nodes in each network to provide an appropriate amount of measurements. The architecture considers the factors that make the external data relevant to the local network, such as the distance between covered areas, the relation between the types of sensed data and the reliability of the measurements. As a result, the operation of each network will be tuned to trade-off the accuracy of the measurements and the power consumption.
description: Published in: IEEE 14th International Symposium and Workshops on a World of Wireless, Mobile and Multimedia Networks (WoWMoM), 2013 (copyright has been transferred to IEEE)
The Evaluation of a New Daylighting System's Energy Performance: Reversible Daylighting System (RDS)
Creators: name: Haghani, Masoome
name: Mohammadkari, Behrouz
name: Fayaz, Rima
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper evaluates the energy performance of a new daylighting system, patented by the author, in a regular closed office space. The advantage of this new system as opposed to conventional venetian blinds is its rotating capability, which improves the energy efficiency of the space. Computer simulation method has been conducted to examine the performance of this new system on the south aperture of a closed-office space with 30% Window to Wall ratio (WWR) in three cities in Iran with different climate zones based on ASHRAE: Tehran (3B), Tabriz (4B), and Yazd (2B). The simulation has been implemented in Honeybee platform with EnergyPlus engine to simulate the combined total load consisting of heating, cooling, and lighting loads. To control lighting, a dimming control is applied to the space. The results of the study represent the benefits of the reversible daylighting system (RDS) over the state of the art venetian blinds to improve the energy efficiency of the space through just changing the location of the blind during heating/cooling demand time of the year.
Further Algebraic Algorithms in the Congested Clique Model and Applications to Graph-Theoretic Problems
Creators: name: Gall, François Le
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: Data Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Censor-Hillel et al. [PODC'15] recently showed how to efficiently implement centralized algebraic algorithms for matrix multiplication in the congested clique model, a model of distributed computing that has received increasing attention in the past few years. This paper develops further algebraic techniques for designing algorithms in this model. We present deterministic and randomized algorithms, in the congested clique model, for efficiently computing multiple independent instances of matrix products, computing the determinant, the rank and the inverse of a matrix, and solving systems of linear equations. As applications of these techniques, we obtain more efficient algorithms for the computation, again in the congested clique model, of the all-pairs shortest paths and the diameter in directed and undirected graphs with small weights, improving over Censor-Hillel et al.'s work. We also obtain algorithms for several other graph-theoretic problems such as computing the number of edges in a maximum matching and the Gallai-Edmonds decomposition of a simple graph, and computing a minimum vertex cover of a bipartite graph.
description: 29 pages; accepted to DISC'16
Three-point energy correlators and the celestial block expansion
Creators: name: Chang, Cyuan-Han
name: Simmons-Duffin, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the three-point energy correlator (EEEC), defined as a matrix element of a product of three energy detectors at different locations on the celestial sphere. Lorentz symmetry implies that the EEEC can be decomposed into special functions called celestial blocks. We compute three-point celestial blocks in an expansion around the collinear limit, where the three detectors approach each other on the celestial sphere. The leading term is a traditional $d{-}2$-dimensional four-point conformal block, and thus the collinear EEEC behaves like a conformally-invariant four-point function in $d{-}2$ dimensions. We obtain the coefficients of the conformal block decomposition for the collinear EEEC at leading nontrivial order in weakly-coupled $\mathcal{N}=4$ SYM and QCD. These data allow us to make certain all-orders predictions for the collinear EEEC in various kinematic limits, including the OPE limit and the double lightcone limit. We also study Ward identities satisfied by the EEEC and compute contact terms in the EEEC in weakly-coupled $\mathcal{N}=4$ SYM. Finally, we study the celestial block expansion of the EEEC in planar $\mathcal{N}=4$ SYM at strong coupling, determining celestial block coefficients to leading and first subleading order at large $λ$.
description: 58 pages + appendices, 3 figures, v2: references added
Triaxial Test (Mohr-Coulomb failure criterion)
Creators: name: Afsharipour, Mohammadhossein
name: Maghoul, Pooneh
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Geotechnical engineering

description: A 3D animated representation of the triaxial test (Mohr-Coulomb failure criterion), created with Blender.
Low-energy effective description of dark $Sp(4)$ theories
Creators: name: Kulkarni, Suchita
name: Maas, Axel
name: Mee, Seán
name: Nikolic, Marco
name: Pradler, Josef
name: Zierler, Fabian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Strongly interacting massive particles are viable dark matter candidates. We consider a dark $Sp(4)$ gauge theory with $N_f=2$ fermions in the pseudo-real fundamental representation and construct the chiral low-energy effective theory. We determine the flavor multiplet structure and the chiral Lagrangian, including the Wess-Zumino-Witten term for mass-degenerate and non-degenerate flavors. We then study the possible charge assignments under a $U(1)'$ gauge symmetry, emphasizing on dark state stability, and provide the full Lagrangian description for Goldstone bosons and vector resonances, including the Wess-Zumino-Witten term. Finally, we use dedicated lattice simulations to determine the chiral low-energy effective theory's validity and low-energy constants. This work represents a self-consistent study of this non-Abelian theory. It thereby provides a framework for future phenomenological exploration in connection to the dark matter problem.
description: 60 pages, 12 figures; v2: added section 5.4 on eta' meson in the non-degenerate case, minor changes, added references
Handwritten Word Recognition using Deep Learning Approach: A Novel Way of Generating Handwritten Words
Creators: name: Akter, Mst Shapna
name: Shahriar, Hossain
name: Cuzzocrea, Alfredo
name: Ahmed, Nova
name: Leung, Carson
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: A handwritten word recognition system comes with issues such as lack of large and diverse datasets. It is necessary to resolve such issues since millions of official documents can be digitized by training deep learning models using a large and diverse dataset. Due to the lack of data availability, the trained model does not give the expected result. Thus, it has a high chance of showing poor results. This paper proposes a novel way of generating diverse handwritten word images using handwritten characters. The idea of our project is to train the BiLSTM-CTC architecture with generated synthetic handwritten words. The whole approach shows the process of generating two types of large and diverse handwritten word datasets: overlapped and non-overlapped. Since handwritten words also have issues like overlapping between two characters, we have tried to put it into our experimental part. We have also demonstrated the process of recognizing handwritten documents using the deep learning model. For the experiments, we have targeted the Bangla language, which lacks the handwritten word dataset, and can be followed for any language. Our approach is less complex and less costly than traditional GAN models. Finally, we have evaluated our model using Word Error Rate (WER), accuracy, f1-score, precision, and recall metrics. The model gives 39% WER score, 92% percent accuracy, and 92% percent f1 scores using non-overlapped data and 63% percent WER score, 83% percent accuracy, and 85% percent f1 scores using overlapped data.
Effect of Quantum Tunneling on Spin Hall Magnetoresistance
Creators: name: Ok, Seulgi
name: Chen, Wei
name: Sigrist, Manfred
name: Manske, Dirk
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a formalism that simultaneously incorporates the effect of quantum tunneling and spin diffusion on spin Hall magnetoresistance observed in normal metal/ferromagnetic insulator bilayers (such as Pt/YIG) and normal metal/ferromagnetic metal bilayers (such as Pt/Co), in which the angle of magnetization influences the magnetoresistance of the normal metal. In the normal metal side the spin diffusion is known to affect the landscape of the spin accumulation caused by spin Hall effect and subsequently the magnetoresistance, while on the ferromagnet side the quantum tunneling effect is detrimental to the interface spin current which also affects the spin accumulation. The influence of generic material properties such as spin diffusion length, layer thickness, interface coupling, and insulating gap can be quantified in a unified manner, and experiments that reveal the quantum feature of the magnetoresistance are suggested.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures
An economic analysis of the Australian Civil Offsets Program
Creators: name: Papadopoulos, Theo.
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2022

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
Model selection and signal extraction using Gaussian Process regression
Creators: name: Gandrakota, Abhijith
name: Lath, Amitabh
name: Morozov, Alexandre V.
name: Murthy, Sindhu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a novel computational approach for extracting weak signals, whose exact location and width may be unknown, from complex background distributions with an arbitrary functional form. We focus on datasets that can be naturally presented as binned integer counts, demonstrating our approach on the CERN open dataset from the ATLAS collaboration at the Large Hadron Collider, which contains the Higgs boson signature. Our approach is based on Gaussian Process (GP) regression - a powerful and flexible machine learning technique that allowed us to model the background without specifying its functional form explicitly, and to separate the background and signal contributions in a robust and reproducible manner. Unlike functional fits, our GP-regression-based approach does not need to be constantly updated as more data becomes available. We discuss how to select the GP kernel type, considering trade-offs between kernel complexity and its ability to capture the features of the background distribution. We show that our GP framework can be used to detect the Higgs boson resonance in the data with more statistical significance than a polynomial fit specifically tailored to the dataset. Finally, we use Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) sampling to confirm the statistical significance of the extracted Higgs signature.