cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Design of an Oxygen Flow Meter for Hospital Application
Creators: name: Barnes, James Richmond
Publisher: name: California Institute of Technology
Year: 1966
Subjects: subject: Mechanical Engineering
subject: FOS: Mechanical engineering

description: A general description of the need for hospital flow meters is given along with an analysis of some common flow measurement methods.

The design criteria, establishment of the basic configuration of the instrument, and the evolution of the final design are presented in detail.  The ability of the magnetic crossover mechanism to extract the square root of an input is explained, and design curves are presented.  The action of the flow totalizer is described in relation to the rest of the instrument.  A complete set of manufacturing drawings for the instrument and its tooling is included in the thesis.

In conclusion, an evaluation of the completed instrument is made, and improvements and modifications are indicated.  Mention is made of the adaptability of the magnetic crossover mechanism to other instrumentation.
Challenges in the capture and dissemination of measurements from high-speed networks
Creators: name: Clegg, R. G.
name: Withall, M. S.
name: Moore, A. W.
name: Phillips, I. W.
name: Parish, D. J.
name: Rio, M.
name: Landa, R.
name: Haddadi, H.
name: Kyriakopoulos, K.
name: Auge, J.
name: Clayton, R.
name: Salmon, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The production of a large-scale monitoring system for a high-speed network leads to a number of challenges. These challenges are not purely techinical but also socio-political and legal. The number of stakeholders in a such a monitoring activity is large including the network operators, the users, the equipment manufacturers and of course the monitoring researchers. The MASTS project (Measurement at All Scales in Time and Space) was created to instrument the high-speed JANET Lightpath network, and has been extended to incorporate other paths supported by JANET(UK). Challenges the project has faced have included: simple access to the network; legal issues involved in the storage and dissemination of the captured information, which may be personal; the volume of data captured and the rate at which this data appears at store. To this end the MASTS system will have established four monitoring points each capturing packets on a high speed link. Traffic header data will be continuously collected, anonymised, indexed, stored and made available to the research community. A legal framework for the capture and storage of network measurement data has been developed which allows the anonymised IP traces to be used for research pur poses.
description: 21 pages, 4 figures
Key Note Speech: Civil Society and Confidence Building in Central Asia, the Caucasus and Eastern Europe: Best Practices and Outstanding Needs
Creators: name: Cooley, Alexander A.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Civil society
subject: Non-governmental organizations
subject: Political persecution
subject: Political science
subject: FOS: Political science

description: This paper, delivered as the Keynote address to the Geneva Centre for Security Sector Governance (DCAF) 2020 Annual Conference on "Civil Society and Confidence Building in Central Asia, the Caucasus and Eastern Europe: Best Practices and Outstanding Needs." The paper overviews the daunting challenges that civil society in Central Asia presently confronts and highlights four recent negatives trends: the stigmatization of NGOs by governments following the Color Revolutions; widespread perceptions of Western regional withdrawal and the ascendancy of Russia and China; the rise of illiberal conflict resolution ideas and practices; and the growing transnational repression of Central Asian security services.
Multi-reference symmetry-projected variational approaches for ground and excited states of the one-dimensional Hubbard model
Creators: name: Rodríguez-Guzmán, R.
name: Jiménez-Hoyos, Carlos A.
name: Schutski, R.
name: Scuseria, Gustavo E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a multi-reference configuration mixing scheme for describing ground and excited states, with well defined spin and space group symmetry quantum numbers, of the one-dimensional Hubbard model with nearest-neighbor hopping and periodic boundary conditions. Within this scheme, each state is expanded in terms of non-orthogonal and variationally determined symmetry-projected configurations. The results for lattices up to 30 and 50 sites compare well with the exact Lieb-Wu solutions as well as with results from other state-of-the-art approximations. In addition to spin-spin correlation functions in real space and magnetic structure factors, we present results for spectral functions and density of states computed with an ansatz whose quality can be well-controlled by the number of symmetry-projected configurations used to approximate the systems with $N_{e}$ and $N_{e} \pm 1$ electrons. The intrinsic symmetry-broken determinants resulting from the variational calculations have rich structures in terms of defects that can be regarded as basic units of quantum fluctuations. Given the quality of the results here reported, as well as the parallelization properties of the considered scheme, we believe that symmetry-projection techniques, which have found ample applications in nuclear structure physics, deserve further attention in the study of low-dimensional correlated many-electron systems.
description: 17 pages, 10 figures
Beyond Governance: Understanding Corruption Opportunities and Networks in China’s BRI Projects in Central Asia
Creators: name: Cooley, Alexander A.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Political corruption
subject: Politics and government
subject: Economic assistance
subject: Political science
subject: FOS: Political science

description: This article, part of the broader project on "Belt & Road in Global Perspective" at the Belt & Road in Global Perspective of the University of Toronto's Munck School of Global Affairs & Public Policy, explores some of the different types of corruption and governance challenges that characterize Chinese-funded development projects in Central Asia.
Performance calculations of rocket tripropellant systems
Creators: name: Sims, William E.
Publisher: name: California Institute of Technology
Year: 1949
Subjects: Aeronautics

description: This investigation was conducted to determine the effect on performance and temperatures of the addition of either liquid hydrogen or liquid ammonia to three bipropellant systems of current interest. These bipropellant systems are nitrogen tetroxide-hydrazine, hydrogen peroxide-hydrazine, and RFNA-hiydrazine.

For each tripropellant system all important parameters and chamber and exhaust temperatures are determined for equilibrium flow conditions and constant composition flow conditions. All the results are listed in tables and the effects on several of the more important parameters are illustrated graphically.

The results show that theoretically the effect of the addition of the third component is desirable by causing reduction in temperature and increase in performance.

New parameters are introduced for utilization in predicting performances of tripropellant systems once the chamber temperature has been calculated or estimated.
Predicting organizational readiness to implement HIV prevention with couples using practitioners’ intentions: testing a heuristic
Creators: name: Witte, Susan S.
name: Pinto, Rogerio
name: Choi, C. Jean
name: Wall, Melanie M.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2018
Subjects: HIV infections—Prevention
Public health
Couples

description: Couple-based interventions may play a key role in ending the AIDS epidemic. Progress has been made in demonstrating successful implementation of both manual-based and web-based modalities of couple-based HIV prevention in clinical trials. To ensure real world implementation, however, we need a better understanding of how best to prepare organizations to support such interventions. We sought to examine which domains of staff-reported organizational readiness predicted providers’ intention to deliver a couple-based HIV-prevention intervention. Organizational readiness was assessed at baseline from 253 facilitators enrolled in a randomized clinical trial testing dissemination and implementation of a couple-based HIV prevention program (2007–2012). Consistent with current organizational-readiness theory, we measured general capacities; capacities specific to a couple-based intervention; and staff motivation to implement the intervention. We used multilevel regression models to examine the influence of these capacities on intention to implement at 6-, 12-, and 18-month follow-up, adjusting for staff age, education, role, years of service, and randomized condition. Higher perceived organizational resources (B = 0.126, p = .028) and better staff motivation (B = 0.510, p = .009) were significant predictors of increased intention to facilitate Connect. Higher organizational resource availability and stronger motivation to facilitate the intervention are key domains that could inform administrator and staff training to strengthen readiness for couple-based programs. However, further research is needed to clarify the role of these domains regarding actual implementation.
Coulomb Drag Mechanisms in Graphene
Creators: name: Song, Justin C. W.
name: Abanin, Dmitry A.
name: Levitov, Leonid S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent measurements revealed an anomalous Coulomb drag in graphene, hinting at new physics at charge neutrality. The anomalous drag is explained by a new mechanism based on energy transport, which involves interlayer energy transfer, coupled to charge flow via lateral heat currents and thermopower. The old and new drag mechanisms are governed by distinct physical effects, resulting in starkly different behavior, in particular for drag magnitude and sign near charge neutrality. The new mechanism explains the giant enhancement of drag near charge neutrality, as well as its sign and anomalous sensitivity to magnetic field. Under realistic conditions, energy transport dominates in a wide temperature range, giving rise to a universal value of drag which is essentially independent of the electron-electron interaction strength.
description: 9pgs,4fgs
The Financial Lives and Capabilities of Women Engaged in Sex Work: Can Paradoxical Autonomy Inform Intervention Strategies?
Creators: name: Yang, Lyla S.
name: Witte, Susan S.
name: Velez-Grau, Carolina  .
name: McCrimmon, Tara
name: Terlikbayeva, Assel
name: Primbetova, Sholpan
name: Mergenova, Gaukhar
name: El-Bassel, Nabila
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2021
Subjects: Social case work--Economic aspects
Prostitution
Public health

description: INTRODUCTION- Despite growing attention to structural approaches to HIV prevention, including economic empowerment interventions for key populations, few studies examine the financial lives of women engaged in sex work (WESW) and even fewer examine the financial lives of those who also use drugs. The purpose of this paper is to examine the financial status, sex work involvement, and individual and structural vulnerabilities of women involved in sex work and drug use in Kazakhstan. METHODS- We used baseline data from Project Nova, a cluster-randomized controlled trial that tested the efficacy of a combined HIV risk reduction and microfinance intervention for WESW in two cities in Kazakhstan. We collected data on income, savings, debt, sex work, drug use, homelessness, food insecurity, HIV status, attitudes towards safety, and financial knowledge from 400 participants through computer-assisted self-interview techniques. Descriptive statistics were utilized to describe and characterize the sample and aforementioned measures. RESULTS- Findings illustrate the paradoxical nature of sex work, wherein women may achieve economic independence despite the great adversities they encounter in their daily lives and work. The majority of women (65%) in this study reported being the highest income earner in the household, caring for up to 3 dependents, and demonstrated entrepreneurial characteristics and aspirations for the future. However, many were still living below the poverty line (72.5%), as well as experiencing high levels of homelessness (58%) and food insecurity (89.5%). CONCLUSION- Study findings underscore the need for better understanding of the existing capabilities of WESW and those who use drugs, including financial autonomy and community supports, that may guide the design of programs that most effectively promote women’s economic well-being and ensure that it is not at the expense of wellness and safety. Designing such programs requires incorporating a social justice lens into social work and public health interventions, including HIV prevention, and attention to the human rights of the most marginalized and highest risk populations, including WESW and those who use drugs.
Preparation and Quality Attributes of Egg-reduced Pound Cake Incorporating Grass Carp (Ctenopharyngodonidella) Protein Concentrate
Creators: name: Khan, Sohail
name: Shah, Haroon
name: Kamal, Sajid
name: Rehman, Abdur
name: Shehzad, Qayyum
name: Karamat, Umer
name: Karim, Aiman
name: Hussain, Mudassar
name: Muneeb, Muhammad
name: Xia, Wenshui
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Plant Biology

description: This research evaluates the quality and acceptability of 25%, 50%, and 75% fish protein concentrate (FPC) egg substituted cakes. Proximate chemical composition, batter and cake physical quality, microbial activity, and sensory evaluation were carried out. An impressive increase in protein, fats and ash content was noticed in GPSC. By increasing the FPC concentration, the viscosity of batters and cake volume decreased, while the specific gravity increased. In texture, the hardness, chewiness, and gumminess were increased while elasticity and cohesiveness were decreased with increase in substitution. An increase in substitution increased baking loss (BL) but reduced the water activity (aw) and the number and size of air bubbles in cake batter. By evaluating microbial activity, the total plate count (TPC) value increased, and the total fungal count (TFC) decreased while the cake crumb showed inconsistent change. The cake with 75% egg substitution was highly nutritious but displayed lower sensory attributes due to slight fishy flavor and dark color, while 25% and 50% GPSCs showed almost similar sensory attributes but nutritional value of 50% GPSC was higher than 25% GPSC. So, the cake with 50% substitution is a better option to prepare a good quality protein-enriched cake with acceptable sensory attributes.
Effect of magnetism on kinetics of "gamma"-"alpha" transformation and pattern formation in iron
Creators: name: Razumov, I. K.
name: Gornostyrev, Yu. N.
name: Katsnelson, M. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 74N10, 74N15, 82B26, 82B80, 82C26, 37K60

description: Kinetics of polymorphous "gamma"-"alfa" transformation in Fe is studied numerically within a model taking into account both lattice and magnetic degrees of freedom, based on first-principle calculations of the total energy for different magnetic states. It is shown that magnetoelastic phenomena, namely, a strong sensitivity of the potential relief along the Bain deformation path to the magnetic state, are crucial for the picture of the transformation. With the temperature increase, a scenario of the phase transformation evolves from a homogeneous lattice instability at TMs. In the latter case, a stage of formation of a tweed-like structure occurs, with a strong short-range order and slow interphase fluctuations.
description: Accepted in "Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter"
Rational and $p$-adic analogs of J.H.C. Whitehead's conjecture
Creators: name: Mikhovich, Andrey M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We show that subpresentations of aspherical prounipotent presentations over fields of zero characteristics and subpresentations of aspherical pro-$p$-presentations are aspherical, an application to subpresentations of aspherical discrete presentations is also included. Following Bousfield-Kan, Quillen and Sullivan the results are regarded as affirmative answers to rational and $p$-adic analogs of J.H.C. Whitehead's conjecture.
description: Besides minor corrections Section 6 with applications is included
Truth, Reconciliation and Racial Unification in America: Using Michael White’s Narrative Practices in Facilitation Conversations about Race
Creators: name: Adejumo, Olamide
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2021
Subjects: Narrative medicine
Racism
Equality
Conversation

description: On the 31st of December 2019, a report was made by the Wuhan Municipal Commission to the World Health Organization about a novel coronavirus through a cluster of cases of pneumonia. This first-of-its-kind report subsequently led to series of global health crises that ultimately led to declaring the coronavirus a public health emergency of international concern. This pandemic has in the past years revealed the socioeconomic inequalities that have plagued the country and are deeply rooted in racial disparities despite government efforts at ensuring equitable distribution of resources. While race conversation remains very uncomfortable for a lot of people in America, the need for a more engaging and educative method for having these conversations is necessary. This article aims to explore the potentials of utilizing Michael White's Narrative Practice Methodologies (Externalizing the conversation on race; Re-authoring the race conversation; Re-membering racial conversation; The racial definitional ceremony) in race-based conversations. These methodologies, through skilled practitioners of narrative medicine who will act as guides in the conversations through a workshop-styled format, helps facilitate these conversations. It is hoped that ultimately through community organization, community responsibility, these conversations would help create a more inclusive and realistic approach to racial unification, healing, and social equity in society.
Optimal thresholds for preserving embeddedness of elastic flows
Creators: name: Miura, Tatsuya
name: Müller, Marius
name: Rupp, Fabian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53E40 (primary), 49Q10, 53A04 (secondary)

description: We consider elastic flows of closed curves in Euclidean space. We obtain optimal energy thresholds below which elastic flows preserve embeddedness of initial curves for all time. The obtained thresholds take different values between codimension one and higher. The main novelty lies in the case of codimension one, where we obtain the variational characterization that the thresholding shape is a minimizer of the bending energy (normalized by length) among all nonembedded planar closed curves of unit rotation number. It turns out that a minimizer is uniquely given by a nonclassical shape, which we call ``elastic two-teardrop''.
description: 46 pages, 6 figures, final version, to appear in Amer. J. Math
First-timer in EU projects: Practical considerations for Masaryk University Press when participating in EU-funded projects - presentation at the 3rd AEUP Conference "Publishing in Nervous Times"
Creators: name: Dvořáková, Martina
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: university press
open science
scholarly communication
European Union

description: A presentation by Martina Dvořáková about participation in a big EU-funded project presented at the 3rd AEUP Conference "Publishing in Nervous Times" on 16 May 2023 in Tallinn, Estonia.
title: Opportunities and Challenges for Cooperative Extension Becoming a Major Actor in Climate Change Mitigation and Adaptation
Creators: name: Pinto, Dakoeta R.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2023

description: Addressing climate change in the United States is an increasingly complex issue that requires social and technological changes throughout the country, which the Cooperative Extension System (Extension) can influence. Based at land-grant universities, their goals are to bring relevant science and innovation to the people of the United States. For a successful low-carbon transition, there are certain elements of society that must be influenced by innovators like Extension. Extension’s historical roots in agriculture prevail today with most of their programming focusing on this sector. However, there is a movement within Extension to expand their programmatic efforts to address more contemporary issues that are affecting their audiences. This research uses interview data with 21 Extension professionals, a document review, programming evidence, and two transition frameworks to answer four research questions: 1) can interview respondent insights, compared with an established transformation framework, help determine how far along Extension is in a transition towards becoming a more significant actor for climate change action? 2) What obstacles and opportunities can be identified for Extension becoming a significant actor in climate mitigation and adaptation in the United States? 3) Through the lens of the MLP framework, historical document review, programming evidence, and interviews, what obstacles exist for Extension in becoming a significant actor during a socio-technical transition towards a low carbon society in the United States? 4) Using the MLP, are there gaps in Extension’s abilities as a niche organization to influence the United States? There is evidence to support Extension’s transition towards a focus on climate programming, however, Extension is still in the early phases of a transformation. Obstacles that prevent advancing this transition revolve around Extension faculty and their target audience's beliefs in climate change, funding availability for climate change programming, and lack of strong leadership pushing for climate action. Extension has the ability to progress climate action initiatives, its weakness is in its lack of central focus on climate change adaptation and mitigation. If Extension were to focus its resources and efforts on climate adaptation and mitigation programming, its impact on emission reductions in the United States could be tremendous.
The Cause of the Superoutburst in SU UMa Stars is Finally Revealed by Kepler Light Curve of V1504 Cygni
Creators: name: Osaki, Yoji
name: Kato, Taichi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have studied the SC (short cadence) Kepler light curve of an SU UMa star, V1504 Cyg, which extends for a period of about 630 d. All superoutbursts in V1504 Cyg have turned out to be of the precursor-main type and the superhump first appears near the maximum of the precursor. The superhumps grow smoothly from the precursor to the main superoutburst showing that the superoutburst is initiated by the tidal instability (as evidenced by growing superhump) as envisioned in the thermal-tidal instability (TTI) model proposed by Osaki (1989). We have performed power spectral analysis of the light curve of V1504 Cyg. One of outstanding features is an appearance of a negative superhump extending for around 300 d, well over a supercycle. We have found that an appearance of the negative superhump tends to reduce the frequency of occurrence of normal outbursts. Two types of supercycles are recognized in V1504 Cyg, which are similar to those of the Type L and S supercycles in the light curve of VW Hyi, a prototype SU UMa star, introduced by Smak (1985). It is found that the Type L supercycle is the one accompanied with the negative superhump and the Type S is that without the negative superhump. If we adopt a tilted disk as an origin of the negative superhump, two types of the supercycles are understood to be due to a difference in outburst intervals, which is in turn caused by a difference in mass supply from the secondary to different parts of the disk. The frequency of the negative superhump varies systematically during a supercycle in V1504 Cyg. This variation can be used as an indicator of the disk radius variation and we have found that observed disk radius variation in V1504 Cyg fits very well with a prediction of the TTI model.
description: 17 pages, 8 figures, accepted for publication in PASJ, minor corrections
title: Innovative education bases in mechanical engineering
Creators: name: Prokhorov, V.A.
name: Afonskaya, G.P.
Publisher: name: Scientific Research Centre "MachineStructure"
Year: 2019

description: The world labor market trends are analyzed. It is shown that the automated technological complexes introduction is the most essential task of increasing the productivity of industrial production in Russia. An innovative educational program in engineering mechanics is proposed, the main educational modules are highlighted
Linear magnetoresistance in HgTe quantum wells
Creators: name: Gusev, G. M.
name: Olshanetsky, E. B
name: Kvon, Z. D.
name: Mikhailov, N. N.
name: Dvoretsky, S. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report magnetotransport measurements in a HgTe quantum well with an inverted band structure, which is expected to be a two-dimensional (2D) topological insulator. A small magnetic field perpendicular the 2D layer breaks the time reversal symmetry and thereby, suppresses the edge state transport. A linear magnetoresistance is observed in low magnetic fields, when the chemical potential moves through the the bulk gap. That magnetoresistance is well described by numerical calculations of the edge states magnetotransport in the presence of nonmagnetic disorder. With magnetic field increasing the resistance, measured both in the local and nonlocal configurations first sharply decreases and then increases again in disagreement with the existing theories.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
Role of Topology and Symmetry for the Edge Currents of a 2D Superconductor
Creators: name: Holst, Maximilian F.
name: Sigrist, Manfred
name: Fischer, Mark H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The bulk-boundary correspondence guarantees topologically protected edge states in a two-dimensional topological superconductor. Unlike in topological insulators, these edge states are, however, not connected to a quantized (spin) current as the electron number is not conserved in a Bogolyubov-de Gennes Hamiltonian. Still, edge currents are in general present. Here, we use the two-dimensional Rashba system as an example to systematically analyze the effect symmetry reductions have on the order-parameter mixing and the edge properties in a superconductor of Altland-Zirnbauer class DIII (time-reversal-symmetry preserving) and D (time-reversal-symmetry breaking). In particular, we employ both Ginzburg-Landau and microscopic modeling to analyze the bulk superconducting properties and edge currents appearing in a strip geometry. We find edge (spin) currents independent of bulk topology and associated topological edge states which evolve continuously even when going through a phase transition into a topological state. Our findings emphasize the importance of symmetry over topology for the understanding of the non-quantized edge currents.
description: 13 pages, 8 figures
title: Surface modeling in the course of engineering graphics
Creators: name: Markova, T.V.
name: Bochkov, A.L.
Publisher: name: Scientific Research Centre "MachineStructure"
Year: 2019

description: The necessity of the early study of computer 3D-modeling in the course of descriptive geometry and engineering graphics is substantiated, new training tasks are described, the purpose of which is a comprehensive development of modeling theory and methods for solving geometric and engineering problems.
Magnetism driven ferroelectricity above liquid nitrogen temperature in Y2CoMnO6
Creators: name: Sharma, G.
name: Saha, J.
name: Patnaik, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report multiferroic behavior in double perovskite Y2CoMnO6 with ferroelectric transition temperature Tc = 80K. The origin of ferroelectricity is associated with magnetic ordering of Co2+ and Mn4+ moments in a up-up-down-down arrangement. The saturation polarization and magnetization are estimated to be 65 uC/m2 and 6.2 Bohr magneton/f.u. respectively. The magnetoelectric coupling parameter, on the other hand, is small as a 5 Tesla field suppresses the electric polarization by only ~8%. This is corroborated with observed hysteretic behaviour at 5K that remains unsaturated even upto 7 Tesla. A model based on exchange-striction is proposed to explain the observed high temperature ferroelectricity.
Numerical Modeling of Heat-Affected Zone in GMAW Process
Creators: name: Ghazvinloo, Hamid Reza
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 91299 Materials Engineering not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Materials engineering

description: ABSTRACT
Low-carbon steel St37-2 is widely used in the bus production industry. The gas metal arc welding (GMAW) is strongly applied to join steel components due to its ease and low cost. Heat-affected zone (HAZ) is the area between the weld and base metal where can have the lowest toughness in a welding joint and hence it has always been a matter of interest for many researchers. This work aims to study the effects of GMAW parameters on HAZ width. The Taguchi orthogonal array, signal-to-noise (S/N) ratios, and analysis of variance (ANOVA) are employed to investigate and analyze the effect of the welding parameters on the HAZ width.
Landau and Ramanujan approximations for divisor sums and coefficients of cusp forms
Creators: name: Ciolan, Alexandru
name: Languasco, Alessandro
name: Moree, Pieter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In 1961, Rankin determined the asymptotic behavior of the number $S_{k,q}(x)$ of positive integers $n\le x$ for which a given prime $q$ does not divide $σ_k(n),$ the $k$-th divisor sum function. By computing the associated Euler-Kronecker constant $γ_{k,q},$ which depends on the arithmetic of certain subfields of $\mathbb Q(ζ_q)$, we obtain the second order term in the asymptotic expansion of $S_{k,q}(x).$ Using a method developed by Ford, Luca and Moree (2014), we determine the pairs $(k,q)$ with $(k, q-1)=1$ for which Ramanujan's approximation to $S_{k,q}(x)$ is better than Landau's. This entails checking whether $γ_{k,q}<1/2$ or not, and requires a substantial computational number theoretic input and extensive computer usage. We apply our results to study the non-divisibility of Fourier coefficients of six cusp forms by certain exceptional primes, extending the earlier work of Moree (2004), who disproved several claims made by Ramanujan on the non-divisibility of the Ramanujan tau function by five such exceptional primes.
description: 43 pages, 12 tables, webpage: www.math.unipd.it/~languasc/CLM.html
The Role of the Mindoro-Sibutu Pathway on the South China Sea Multi–layer Circulation
Creators: name: Li, Mingting
name: Xue, Huijie
name: Wei, Jun
name: Liang, Linlin
name: Gordon, Arnold L.
name: Yang, Song
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Ocean circulation
subject: Ocean circulation--Mathematical models
subject: Oceanography
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences

description: The role of the Mindoro Strait–Sibutu Passage pathway in influencing the Luzon Strait inflow to the South China Sea (SCS) and the SCS multilayer circulation is investigated with a high-resolution (0.1830.18) regional ocean model. Significant changes are evident in the SCS upper-layer circulation (250–900 m) by closing the Mindoro–Sibutu pathway in sensitivity experiments, as Luzon Strait transport is reduced by 75%, from 24.4 to 21.2 Sv (1 Sv [ 106m3 s21). Because of the vertical coupling between the upper and middle layers, closing the Mindoro–Sibutu pathway also weakens clockwise circulation in the middle layer (900–2150 m), but there is no significant change in the deep layer (below 2150 m). The Mindoro–Sibutu pathway is an important branch of the SCS throughflow into the Indonesian Seas. It is also the gateway for oceanic waves propagating clockwise around the Philippines Archipelago from the western Pacific Ocean into the eastern SCS, projecting El Niño–Southern Oscillation sea level signals to the SCS, impacting its interannual variations and multilayer circulation. The results provide insights into the dynamics of how upstream and downstream passage throughflows are coupled to affect the general circulation in marginal seas.
On powercounting in perturbative quantum gravity theories through color-kinematic duality
Creators: name: Boels, Rutger H.
name: Isermann, Reinke Sven
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The standard argument why gravity is not renormalisable relies on direct powercounting of Feynman graphs to estimate the degree of UV divergence. This analysis has in several (highly) supersymmetric examples be shown to overestimate divergences considerably. In these examples the main improvements arise from a conjectured duality between color and kinematics. In this paper we initiate the systematic study of quite general powercounting under the assumption that color-kinematic duality exists. The main technical tool is a reformulation of the duality in terms of linear maps, modulo subtleties at loop level mostly inherent to the duality. This tool may have wider applications in both gauge and gravity theories, up to resolution of the subtleties. Here it is first applied to the large Britto-Cachazo-Feng-Witten (BCFW) shift behavior of gravity integrands constructed through the duality. Assuming color-kinematic duality and reasonable technical requirements hold these shifts are shown to be independent of loop order, which would imply massive cancellations with respect to the Feynman graph expression. More speculatively, the same approach is then applied to provide estimates of the overall degree of UV divergence in quite general gravity theories, assuming the duality exists. The cancellations obtained in these estimates depends on the exact implementation of the duality at loop level, especially on graph topology. Finally, some evidence for the duality to all loop orders is provided from an analysis of BCFW shifts of gauge theory integrands through Feynman graphs.
description: 47 pages. v2: partly rewritten for clarity, typos corrected, references updated
Band widths and gaps from the Tran-Blaha functional : Comparison with many-body perturbation theory
Creators: name: Waroquiers, David
name: Lherbier, Aurélien
name: Miglio, Anna
name: Stankovski, Martin
name: Poncé, Samuel
name: Oliveira, Micael J. T.
name: Giantomassi, Matteo
name: Rignanese, Gian-Marco
name: Gonze, Xavier
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: For a set of ten crystalline materials (oxides and semiconductors), we compute the electronic band structures using the Tran-Blaha [Phys. Rev. Lett. 102, 226401 (2009)] (TB09) functional. The band widths and gaps are compared with those from the local-density approximation (LDA) functional, many-body perturbation theory (MBPT), and experiments. At the density-functional theory (DFT) level, TB09 leads to band gaps in much better agreement with experiments than LDA. However, we observe that it globally underestimates, often strongly, the valence (and conduction) band widths (more than LDA). MBPT corrections are calculated starting from both LDA and TB09 eigenenergies and wavefunctions. They lead to a much better agreement with experimental data for band widths. The band gaps obtained starting from TB09 are close to those from quasi-particle self-consistent GW calculations, at a much reduced cost. Finally, we explore the possibility to tune one of the semi-empirical parameters of the TB09 functional in order to obtain simultaneously better band gaps and widths. We find that these requirements are conflicting.
description: 18 pages, 16 figures
Wind tunnel model tests to investigate the effects of boundary layer control
Creators: name: Ashkenas, Irving Louis
Publisher: name: California Institute of Technology
Year: 1939
Subjects: Aeronautics

description: This thesis presents a study of the results obtained with the Boundary Layer Removal Model of the Guggenheim Aeronautics Laboratory, California Institute of Technology (GALCIT). It is a continuation of work begun here some time past and, as such, contains very little in the way of historical review, the origin of the project, preliminary studies of the problem and experimental technique being contained in previous reports.

The attempt, in this series of tests, to find a definite scale effect on the power required to produce a given change in airfoil characteristics has been somewhat unsuccessful because the test Reynolds Numbers unfortunately fell in the region of critical Reynolds Number. There has, however, been some success in finding the definite mechanism by which boundary layer removal is effective, a logical explanation being given for the nature and magnitude of various changes in airfoil characteristics incurred by the use of a given amount of suction.
On universal and periodic $β$-expansions, and the Hausdorff dimension of the set of all expansions
Creators: name: Baker, Simon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 37A45, 37C45

description: In this paper we study the topology of a set naturally arising from the study of $β$-expansions. After proving several elementary results for this set we study the case when our base is Pisot. In this case we give necessary and sufficient conditions for this set to be finite. This finiteness property will allow us to generalise a theorem due to Schmidt and will provide the motivation for sufficient conditions under which the growth rate and Hausdorff dimension of the set of $β$-expansions are equal and explicitly calculable.
Bipolar Membrane Electrodialysis for Ammonia Recovery from Synthetic Urine: Experiments, Modeling, and Performance Analysis
Creators: name: Li, Yujiao
name: Wang, Ruoyu
name: Shi, Shaoyuan
name: Cao, Hongbin
name: Yip, Ngai Yin
name: Lin, Shihong
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Electrodialysis
subject: Membrane separation
subject: Recycling (Waste, etc.)
subject: Environmental engineering
subject: FOS: Environmental engineering

description: Recovering nitrogen from source-separated urine is an important part of the sustainable nitrogen management. A novel bipolar membrane electrodialysis with membrane contactor (BMED–MC) process is demonstrated here for efficient recovery of ammonia from synthetic source-separated urine (∼3772 mg N L–1). In a BMED–MC process, electrically driven water dissociation in a bipolar membrane simultaneously increases the pH of the urine stream and produces an acid stream for ammonia stripping. With the increased pH of urine, ammonia transports across the gas-permeable membrane in the membrane contactor and is recovered by the acid stream as ammonium sulfate that can be directly used as fertilizer. Our results obtained using batch experiments demonstrate that the BMED–MC process can achieve 90% recovery. The average ammonia flux and the specific energy consumption can be regulated by varying the current density. At a current density of 20 mA cm–2, the energy required to achieve a 67.5% ammonia recovery in a 7 h batch mode is 92.8 MJ kg–1 N for a bench-scale system with one membrane stack and can approach 25.8 MJ kg–1 N for large-scale systems with multiple membrane stacks, with an average ammonia flux of 2.2 mol m–2 h–1. Modeling results show that a continuous BMED–MC process can achieve a 90% ammonia recovery with a lower energy consumption (i.e., 12.5 MJ kg–1 N). BMED–MC shows significant potential for ammonia recovery from source-separated urine as it is relatively energy-efficient and requires no external acid solution.
Aspects of Electrodynamics Modified by Some Dimension-five Lorentz Violating Interactions
Creators: name: Lan, Shan-quan
name: Wu, Feng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Assuming Lorentz symmetry is broken by some fixed vector background, we study the spinor electrodynamics modified by two dimension-five Lorentz-violating interactions between fermions and photons. The effective polarization and magnetization are identified from the modified Maxwell equations, and the theoretical consequences are investigated. We also compute the corrections to the relativistic energy levels of hydrogen atom induced by these Lorentz-violating operators in the absence and presence of uniform external fields in first-order perturbation theory. We find that the hydrogen spectrum is insensitive to the breakdown of Lorentz boost symmetry.
description: 16 pages, 1 figures; revised version published in PRD
Updated S3 Model of Quarks
Creators: name: Ma, Ernest
name: Melic, Blazenka
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A model proposed in 2004 using the non-Abelian discrete symmetry S3 for understanding the flavor structure of quarks and leptons is updated, with special focus on the quark and scalar sectors. We show how the approximate residual symmetries of this model explain both the pattern of the quark mixing matrix and why the recently observed particle of 126 GeV at the Large Hadron Collider is so much like the one Higgs boson of the Standard Model. We identify the strongest phenomenological bounds on the scalar masses of this model, and predict a possibly observable decay b -> s tau- mu+, but not b -> s tau+ mu-.
description: 14 pages, 2 figures
Hybridization of quantum plasmon modes in coupled nanowires: From the classical to the tunneling regime
Creators: name: Andersen, Kirsten
name: Jensen, Kristian L.
name: Mortensen, N. Asger
name: Thygesen, Kristian S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present full quantum mechanical calculations of the hybridized plasmon modes of two nanowires at small separation, providing real space visualization of the modes in the transition from the classical to the quantum tunneling regime. The plasmon modes are obtained as certain eigenfunctions of the dynamical dielectric function which is computed using time dependent density functional theory (TDDFT). For freestanding wires, the energy of both surface and bulk plasmon modes deviate from the classical result for low wire radii and high momentum transfer due to effects of electron spill-out, non-local response, and coupling to single-particle transitions. For the wire dimer the shape of the hybridized plasmon modes are continuously altered with decreasing separation, and below 6 Å the energy dispersion of the modes deviate from classical results due to the onset of weak tunneling. Below 2-3 Å separation this mode is replaced by a charge-transfer plasmon which blue shifts with decreasing separation in agreement with experiment, and marks the onset of the strong tunneling regime.
description: To appear in PRB
Carbon enrichment of austenite in 0.362C-1.38Si-1.24Mn steel via quenching and partitioning (Q&P) and austempering process
Creators: name: Ghazvinloo, Hamid Reza
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 99999 Engineering not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Other engineering and technologies

description: International Conference on Research in Science and Technology, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
2015-12-14
Experimental determination of accommodation coefficients as functions of temperature for several metals and gases
Creators: name: Oliver, Robert Norris
Publisher: name: California Institute of Technology
Year: 1950
Subjects: Aeronautics

description: NOTE: Text or symbols not renderable in plain ASCII are indicated by [...]. Abstract is included in .pdf document.

The accommodation coefficients for the gases and metals tested vary rapidly in the range where the gas temperature is within approximately 50°C of the filament temperature.

When the temperature excess becomes large, the [...] of argon, nitrogen and helium on platinum is approximately .7, .5 and .2, respectively, and on tungsten approximately .5, .35 and .15, although the actual value depends upon both filament and gas temperature.

Variation in pressure up to 150 microns was found to have a negligible effect on [...].

All gases and metals tested gave smooth curves of [...] versus temperature except helium on tungsten at a gas temperature of 80° K., which exhibited a sharp discontinuity at a filament temperature of approximately 225° K. and a pressure of 34 microns.