cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Bose-Einstein Condensation of Nonequilibrium Magnons in Confined Systems
Creators: name: Mohseni, Morteza
name: Qaiumzadeh, Alireza
name: Serga, Alexander A.
name: Brataas, Arne
name: Hillebrands, Burkard
name: Pirro, Philipp
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the formation of a room temperature magnon Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) in nanoscopic systems and demonstrate that its lifetime is influenced by the spatial confinement. We predict how dipolar interactions and nonlinear magnon scattering assist in the generation of a metastable magnon BEC in energy-quantized nanoscopic devices. We verify our prediction by a full numerical simulation of the Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert equation and demonstrate the generation of magnon BEC in confined insulating magnets of yttrium iron garnet. We directly map out the nonlinear magnon scattering processes behind this phase transition to show how fast quantized thermalization channels allow the BEC formation in confined structures. Based on our results, we discuss a new mechanism to manipulate the BEC lifetime in nanoscaled systems. Our study greatly extends the freedom to study the dynamics of magnon BEC in realistic systems and to design integrated circuits for BEC-based applications at room temperature.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures
Additional file 1 of Associations with kidney transplant survival and eGFR decline in children and young adults in the United Kingdom: a retrospective cohort study
Creators: name: Hamilton, Alexander J.
name: Plumb, Lucy A.
name: Casula, Anna
name: Sinha, Manish D.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: Hematology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1: Supplemental Table 1. Patient and transplant characteristics with additional data Supplemental Table 2. Hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals for each variable in the graft loss model in univariable analyses, for comparison to the mutually adjusted model shown in Fig. 2. Supplemental Table 3. Piecewise multivariable Cox proportional hazards examining associations with death-censored kidney transplant failure in UK patients transplanted under 30 years of age, split at one year of follow-up time. Supplemental Table 4. Coefficients and 95% confidence intervals for each variable in the eGFR decline model in univariable analyses, for comparison to the mutually adjusted model shown in Fig. 3.
Amtliche Mitteilungen der Technischen Universität Dortmund Nr. 7/2023
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Dortmund
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 080

description: Beschaffungsrichtlinie für die Beschaffung von Liefer- und Dienstleistungen an der Technischen Universität Dortmund
description: Amtliche Mitteilungen der Technischen Universität Dortmund;2023;7
The Spatial Structure of Young Stellar Clusters. I. Subclusters
Creators: name: Kuhn, Michael A.
name: Feigelson, Eric D.
name: Getman, Konstantin V.
name: Baddeley, Adrian J.
name: Broos, Patrick S.
name: Sills, Alison
name: Bate, Matthew R.
name: Povich, Matthew S.
name: Luhman, Kevin L.
name: Busk, Heather A.
name: Naylor, Tim
name: King, Robert R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The clusters of young stars in massive star-forming regions show a wide range of sizes, morphologies, and numbers of stars. Their highly subclustered structures are revealed by the MYStIX project's sample of 31,754 young stars in nearby sites of star formation (regions at distances <3.6 kpc that contain at least one O-type star.) In 17 of the regions surveyed by MYStIX, we identify subclusters of young stars using finite mixture models -- collections of isothermal ellipsoids that model individual subclusters. Maximum likelihood estimation is used to estimate the model parameters, and the Akaike Information Criterion is used to determine the number of subclusters. This procedure often successfully finds famous subclusters, such as the BN/KL complex behind the Orion Nebula Cluster and the KW-object complex in M17. A catalog of 142 subclusters is presented, with 1 to 20 subclusters per region. The subcluster core radius distribution for this sample is peaked at 0.17 pc with a standard deviation of 0.43 dex, and subcluster core radius is negatively correlated with gas/dust absorption of the stars -- a possible age effect. Based on the morphological arrangements of subclusters, we identify four classes of spatial structure: long chains of subclusters, clumpy structures, isolated clusters with a core-halo structure, and isolated clusters well fit by a single isothermal ellipsoid.
description: Accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journal; 67 pages, 9 figures, and 4 tables. Supplemental materials from the online-version of this article, including machine-readable tables and source code in R are available at the public MYStIX website (http://astro.psu.edu/mystix/)
On the Generalised Langevin Equation for Simulated Annealing
Creators: name: Chak, Martin
name: Kantas, Nikolas
name: Pavliotis, Grigorios A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60J25, 46N10, 60J60

description: In this paper, we consider the generalised (higher order) Langevin equation for the purpose of simulated annealing and optimisation of nonconvex functions. Our approach modifies the underdamped Langevin equation by replacing the Brownian noise with an appropriate Ornstein-Uhlenbeck process to account for memory in the system. Under reasonable conditions on the loss function and the annealing schedule, we establish convergence of the continuous time dynamics to a global minimum. In addition, we investigate the performance numerically and show better performance and higher exploration of the state space compared to the underdamped and overdamped Langevin dynamics with the same annealing schedule.
description: 37 pages, 4 figures
Computing the conformal barycenter
Creators: name: Cantarella, Jason
name: Schumacher, Henrik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 65D18 (Primary) 65E10, 53-08 (Secondary)

description: The conformal barycenter of a point cloud on the sphere at infinity of the Poincaré ball model of hyperbolic space is a hyperbolic analogue of the geometric median of a point cloud in Euclidean space. It was defined by Douady and Earle as part of a construction of a conformally natural way to extend homeomorphisms of the circle to homeomorphisms of the disk, and it plays a central role in Millson and Kapovich's model of the configuration space of cyclic linkages with fixed edgelengths. In this paper we consider the problem of computing the conformal barycenter. Abikoff and Ye have given an iterative algorithm for measures on $\mathbb{S}^1$ which is guaranteed to converge. We analyze Riemannian versions of Newton's method computed in the intrinsic geometry of the Poincare ball model. We give Newton-Kantorovich (NK) conditions under which we show that Newton's method with fixed step size is guaranteed to converge quadratically to the conformal barycenter for measures on any $\mathbb{S}^d$ (including infinite-dimensional spheres). For measures given by $n$ atoms on a finite dimensional sphere which obey the NK conditions, we give an explicit linear bound on the computation time required to approximate the conformal barycenter to fixed error. We prove that our NK conditions hold for all but exponentially few $n$ atom measures. For all measures with a unique conformal barycenter we show that a regularized Newton's method with line search will always converge (eventually superlinearly) to the conformal barycenter. Though we do not have hard time bounds for this algorithm, experiments show that it is extremely efficient in practice and in particular much faster than the Abikoff-Ye iteration.
description: 29 pages, 8 figures
Mimetic Horava Gravity and Surface terms
Creators: name: Malaeb, Ola
name: Saghir, Chireen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider mimetic Horava gravity, where the scalar field of mimetic gravity was used in the construction of diffeomorphism invariant models reducing to Horava gravity in the synchronous gauge. It will be shown that the gravitational action with the addition of the Gibbons-Hawking-York term and the mimetic Horava action are equivalent for manifolds whose topology is $R \times Σ$, where $Σ$ is a three-dimensional hypersurface; otherwise, the mimetic Horava action does not contain any surface terms.
description: Published in General Relativity and Gravitation
ADHS – Ein Potenzial an Stärken für die Soziokulturelle Animation: Eine qualitative Befragung von Soziokulturellen Animatorinnen und Animatoren mit einem ADHS
Creators: name: Trüb, Regula
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Die Aufmerksamkeitsdefizit-Hyperaktivitätsstörung (ADHS) gehört zu den nach ICD-10 klassifizierten Krankheitsbildern mit definierter Symptomatik. Trotzdem wird diese Krankheit teilweise immer noch als gesellschaftliche Modeerscheinung bezeichnet oder sogar völlig in Abrede gestellt und ist mit Vorurteilen behaftet. Diese sitzen so tief, dass Fachpersonen dazu raten, dass ADHS bei Stellenbewerbungen verschwiegen werden soll. Untersuchungen zeigen hingegen, dass sich ADHS nicht nur als defizitäre Störung manifestiert, sondern auch mit spezifischen Stärken verbunden ist. Die in der Fachliteratur genannten Stärken werden jedoch im Arbeitsleben kaum gewürdigt, geschweige denn genutzt. Ja, sie sind häufig den Menschen mit einer ADHS selbst nicht bewusst. Ein Vergleich der ADHS-Stärken mit beruflichen Anforderungen an Soziokulturelle Animator_innen zeigt, dass Menschen mit einer ADHS möglicherweise eine erhöhte Affinität für diesen Tätigkeitsbereich haben. Im Rahmen einer qualitativen Forschung wird anhand von leitfadengestützten Interviews herausgearbeitet, bei welchen beruflichen Tätigkeiten die Soziokulturelle Animator_ innen mit ADHS ihre spezifischen Stärken einsetzen. Die Auswertung zeigt auf, dass diese Berufpersonen mit ihren ADHS-Stärken für die SKA ein grosses Potenzial darstellen. Beispiele aus der Berufspraxis verdeutlichen dies. Bei entsprechender Information und Sensibilisierung lässt sich diese Affinität zum Vorteil aller Beteiligten nutzen und bewusst einsetzen. Dazu müsste jedoch die defizitäre Wahrnehmungsperspektive aufgegeben oder wenigstens relativiert werden.
description: + Code Diss LU: hslusa bask be + Fussnote: Bachelor-Arbeit, Hochschule Luzern – Soziale Arbeit, Studienrichtung Soziokultur, 2023 + NL-Code: NLLUHSA202302
Mechanical Deformation Induced Continuously Variable Emission for Radiative Cooling
Creators: name: Liu, Xiaojie
name: Tian, Yanpei
name: Chen, Fangqi
name: Ghanekar, Alok
name: Antezza, Mauro
name: Zheng, Yi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Passive radiative cooling drawing the heat energy of objects to the cold outer space through the atmospheric transparent window (8 um - 13 um) is significant for reducing the energy consumption of buildings. Daytime and nighttime radiative cooling have been extensively investigated in the past. However, radiative cooling which can continuously regulate its cooling temperature, like a valve, according to human need is rarely reported. In this study, we present a concept of reconfigurable photonic structure for the adaptive radiative cooling by continuously varying the emission spectra in the atmospheric window region. This is realized by the deformation of the one-dimensional PDMS grating and the nanoparticles embedded PDMS thin film when subjected to mechanical strain. The proposed structure reaches different stagnation temperatures under certain strains. A dynamic exchange between two different strains results in the fluctuation of the photonic structure's temperature around a set temperature.
Additional file 1 of Identifying research priorities for health professions education research in sub-Saharan Africa using a modified Delphi method
Creators: name: Schalkwyk, Susan C. Van
name: Kiguli-Malwadde, Elsie
name: Budak, Jehan Z.
name: Reid, Michael J. A.
name: Villiers, Marietjie R. De
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1.
How Much is the Whole Really More than the Sum of its Parts? 1 + 1 = 2.5: Superlinear Productivity in Collective Group Actions
Creators: name: Sornette, Didier
name: Maillart, Thomas
name: Ghezzi, Giacomo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In a variety of open source software projects, we document a superlinear growth of production ($R \sim c^β$) as a function of the number of active developers $c$, with $β\simeq 4/3$ with large dispersions. For a typical project in this class, doubling of the group size multiplies typically the output by a factor $2^β=2.5$, explaining the title. This superlinear law is found to hold for group sizes ranging from 5 to a few hundred developers. We propose two classes of mechanisms, {\it interaction-based} and {\it large deviation}, along with a cascade model of productive activity, which unifies them. In this common framework, superlinear productivity requires that the involved social groups function at or close to criticality, in the sense of a subtle balance between order and disorder. We report the first empirical test of the renormalization of the exponent of the distribution of the sizes of first generation events into the renormalized exponent of the distribution of clusters resulting from the cascade of triggering over all generation in a critical branching process in the non-meanfield regime. Finally, we document a size effect in the strength and variability of the superlinear effect, with smaller groups exhibiting widely distributed superlinear exponents, some of them characterizing highly productive teams. In contrast, large groups tend to have a smaller superlinearity and less variability.
description: 29 pages, 8 figures
$D=5$ Rotating Black Holes in Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet Gravity: Mass and Angular Momentum in Extremality
Creators: name: Ma, Liang
name: Li, Yue-Zhou
name: Lu, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider perturbative solutions in Einstein gravity with higher-derivative extensions and address some subtle issues of taking extremal limit. As a concrete new result, we construct the perturbative rotating black hole in five dimensions with equal angular momenta $J$ and general mass $M$ in Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet gravity, up to and including the linear order of the standard Gauss-Bonnet coupling constant $α$. We obtain the near horizon structure of the near extremal solution, with the blackening factor of the order $α$. In the extremal limit, the mass-angular momentum relation reduces to $M=\frac32 π^{\frac13} J^{\frac23} + πα$. The positive sign of the $α$-correction implies that the centrifugal repulsion associated with rotations becomes weaker than the gravitational attraction under the unitary requirement for the Gauss-Bonnet term.
description: Latex, 32 pages, typos corrected, discussion expanded, version in JHEP
Making FAIR Data a Reality… and the Challenges of Interoperability and Reusability
Creators: name: Hodson, Simon
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: DDI
FAIR
Interoperability
Reusability

description: Building on previous summaries of the attributes that make research data most usable by other scientists (for replication, reanalysis and reuse), the framework provided by the FAIR data principles has gained support from policy makers, funders and researchers and has helped progress towards the vision of Open Science.  Combined with the principle that research data should be ‘as open as possible, as closed as necessary’, FAIR data has allowed important principles to be communicated in a more accessible and persuasive way.

This talk will first explore how to implement the FAIR data principles and related and enabling practices, with reference to the work of the European Commission’s Expert Group on FAIR data which is developing a report and Action Plan on how to make FAIR data a reality.

Second, the talk will consider the challenges of interoperability and reusability in relation to the aspirations of those interdisciplinary and transdisciplinary research areas that seek to address the most important global, environmental and societal challenges.  Encouraging the development and growing maturity of vocabularies and standards required for interoperability and the integration of data from diverse disciplines will be a major challenge for 21st century research.  An initiative of CODATA and the new International Science Council seeks to shed light on ongoing challenges of data availability and integration, taking research into infectious diseases, disaster risk and resilient cities as test cases.
Nonperturbative Renormalization in Lattice QCD with three Flavors of Clover Fermions: Using Periodic and Open Boundary Conditions
Creators: name: Bali, G. S.
name: Bürger, S.
name: Collins, S.
name: Göckeler, M.
name: Gruber, M.
name: Piemonte, S.
name: Schäfer, A.
name: Sternbeck, A.
name: Wein, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the nonperturbative computation of renormalization factors in the RI'-(S)MOM schemes for the QCD gauge field ensembles generated by the CLS (coordinated lattice simulations) effort with three flavors of nonperturbatively improved Wilson (clover) quarks. We use ensembles with the standard (anti-)periodic boundary conditions in the time direction as well as gauge field configurations with open boundary conditions. Besides flavor-nonsinglet quark-antiquark operators with up to two derivatives we also consider three-quark operators with up to one derivative. For the RI'-SMOM scheme results we make use of the recently calculated three-loop conversion factors to the modified minimal subtraction scheme. The present version of the paper contains an Addendum with additional analytical expressions and updated results.
description: 41 pages, 24 figures, 4 ancillary files; v2: additional clarifications and references, results unchanged; v3: contains an addendum with updated results
Leveraging Social Media in disaster situations
Creators: name: Zahera, Hamada
Publisher: name: Universität Paderborn
Year: 2023

description: In dieser Arbeit wird untersucht, wie Daten aus sozialen Medien, insbesondere Tweets, zur Verbesserung des Situationsbewusstseins bei Katastrophen genutzt werden können. Wir entwickeln verschiedene Ansätze zur Extraktion relevanter Merkmale und verwertbarer Informationen aus Social-Media-Daten. Wir präsentieren vier Hauptbeiträge: Ein gemeinsamer Lernansatz, der soziale Medien und Umweltdaten integriert, um Katastrophenereignisse zu klassifizieren. Ein Multi-Label-Klassifizierungsansatz, UPB-BERT, der das BERT-Sprachmodell für katastrophenbezogene Tweets feinabstimmt. Ein Ansatz, I-AID, identifiziert verwertbare Informationen in katastrophenbezogenen Tweets für Notfallmanager und Hilfsorganisationen. Ein Ansatz, MultPAX, fasst katastrophenbezogene Tweets zusammen, indem er hervorstechende Phrasen extrahiert und die Identifizierung von Themen, Trends oder Hashtags ohne Hashtags ermöglicht. Wir evaluieren unsere Ansätze an realen Datensätzen von Tweets, die von verschiedenen Katastrophenereignissen gesammelt wurden, und zeigen, dass sie den aktuellen Stand der Technik übertreffen.
description: This thesis explores how to use social media data, especially tweets, to improve situational awareness during disasters. We develop various approaches to extract relevant features and actionable information from social media data. We present four main contributions: A joint learning approach that integrates social media and environmental data to classify disaster events. A multi-label classification approach, UPB-BERT, fine-tunes the BERT language model for disaster-related tweets. An approach, I-AID, identifies actionable information in disaster-related tweets for emergency managers and relief organizations. An approach, MultPAX, summarizes disaster-related tweets by extracting salient phrases and enables the identification of topics, trends, or hashtags without hashtags. We evaluate our approaches on real-world datasets of tweets collected from different disaster events and show that they outperform state-of-the-art baselines.
Additional file 3 of Does hemofiltration protect the brain after head trauma? An experimental study in rabbits
Creators: name: Martinez-Gonzalez, Enrique
name: Garcia-Olmo, Dolores
name: Empar Mayordomo-Aranda
name: Granada-Picazo, Maria
name: Gomez-Juarez, Monica
name: Moreno-Cuesta, Jeronimo
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 3: Table S1. Mean BP (mmHg) by groups. BP1 = basal,BP2 = at 15 min, BP3 = at 30 min, BP4 = at 60 min and BP5 = at 90 min. *p = 0.0018 between TBI( +)-CVVH(-) and TBI(-)-CVVH( +). †p = 0.0022 between TBI( +)-CVVH(-) and TBI( +)-CVVH( +) using KW with Dunn test. Mean HR (b/min) by groups. HR1 = basal, HR2 = at 15 min, HR3 = at 30 min, HR4 = at 60 min and HR5 = at 90 min. *p = 0.017 (HR1), 0.007 (HR2), 0.0004 (HR3) between TBI( +)-CVVH(-) and TBI(-)-CVVH( +); †p = 0.007 (HR4), 0.01 (HR5) between TBI(-)-CVVH( +) and TBI( +)-CVVH( +) using Dunn test. Mean SpO2(%) by groups. SpO2-1 = basal, SpO2-2 = at 15 min, SpO2-3 = at 30 min, SpO2-4 = at 60 min and SpO2-5 = at 90 min. Mean ETCO2 (mmHg) by groups. ETCO2-1 = basal, ETCO2-2 = at 15 min, ETCO2-3 = at 30 min, ETCO2-4 = at 60 min and ETCO2-5 = at 90 min. Values expressed as $$\overline{{x}}$$ x ¯ (SD). TBI( +)-CVVH(-) = Traumatic brain injury group (n = 9). TBI(-)-CVVH( +) = Hemofiltration group (n = 6). TBI( +)-CVVH( +) = Combined traumatic brain injury group adding all animals with hemofiltration before and after the trauma (n = 13). KW = Kruskal–Wallis test. NA = Not available. Table S2. Hemofiltration time. TT = Total time of hemofiltration (min). ET = efficient time of hemofiltration (min). TBI(-)-CVVH( +) = Hemofiltration control group. TBI( +)-CVVH( +) = Traumatic brain injury group with hemofiltration. Values expressed as $$\overline{{{x}}}$$ x ¯ (SD). MW = Mann–Whitney test. Table S3. Neurological Evaluation Score (NES) immediately (NES1) and 24 h (NES2) after TBI for all groups. Values expressed as $$\overline{{x}}$$ x ¯ ±SD. TBI( +)-CVVH(-) = Traumatic brain injury group (n = 9). TBI(-)-CVVH( +) = Hemofiltration group (n = 6). TBI( +)-CVVH( +) = Combined traumatic brain injury group adding all rabbits with hemo-filtration before and after the trauma (n total = 13). *p = 0.0020 between TBI( +)-CVVH(-) and CV (n = 6) †p = 0.02 between TBI(-)-CVVH( +)and TBI( +)-CVVH( +) using KW with Dunn test. KW = Kruskal–Wallis test. Table S4. Proportional table (%) showing Pearson’s chi-squared between groups for the presence of cerebral ischemia (p
VLT/X-shooter spectroscopy of the GRB 120327A afterglow
Creators: name: D'Elia, V.
name: Fynbo, J. P. U.
name: Goldoni, P.
name: Covino, S.
name: Postigo, A. de Ugarte
name: Ledoux, C.
name: Calura, F.
name: Gorosabel, J.
name: Malesani, D.
name: Sanchez-Ramirez, F. Matteucci R.
name: Savaglio, S.
name: Castro-Tirado, A. J.
name: Hartoog, O. E.
name: Kaper, L.
name: Munoz-Darias, T.
name: Pian, E.
name: Piranomonte, S.
name: Tagliaferri, G.
name: Tanvir, N.
name: Vergani, S. D.
name: Watson, D. J.
name: Xu, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a study of the environment of the Swift long gamma-ray burst GRB 120327A at z ~2.8 through optical spectroscopy of its afterglow. We analyzed medium-resolution, multi-epoch spectroscopic observations (~7000 - 12000, corresponding to ~ 15 - 23 km/s, S/N = 15- 30 and wavelength range 3000-25000AA) of the optical afterglow of GRB 120327A, taken with X-shooter at the VLT 2.13 and 27.65 hr after the GRB trigger. The first epoch spectrum shows that the ISM in the GRB host galaxy at z = 2.8145 is extremely rich in absorption features, with three components contributing to the line profiles. The hydrogen column density associated with GRB 120327A has log NH / cm^(-2) = 22.01 +/- 0.09, and the metallicity of the host galaxy is in the range [X/H] = -1.3 to -1.1. In addition to the ground state lines, we detect absorption features associated with excited states of CII, OI, SiII, FeII, and NiII, which we used to derive information on the distance between the host absorbing gas and the site of the GRB explosion. The variability of the FeI\lambda2396 excited line between the two epochs proves that these features are excited by the GRB UV flux. Moreover, the distance of component I is found to be dI=200+100-60 pc, while component II is located closer to the GRB, at dII=100+40-30 pc. These values are among the lowest found in GRBs. Component III does not show excited transitions, so it should be located farther away from the GRB. The presence of H2 molecules is firmly established, with a molecular fraction in the range f=4 X 10^(-7) - 10^(-4). This particularly low value can be attributed to the small dust content. This represents the third positive detection of molecules in a GRB environment.
description: 18 pages, 12 figures, accepted by A&A
Digitale Medien und ihre Wirkung auf die frühe Kindheit: Professionelle der Sozialen Arbeit als Unterstützung für den Erwerb medialer Kompetenzen von Eltern
Creators: name: Wolf, Laryssa
name: Wyss, Laura
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Kinder, die ab dem Jahr 2010 geboren wurden, gelten als die erste Generation, die bereits im Kleinkindalter ganz selbstverständlich mit Smartphones umgeht. Digitale Medien beherrschen die Haushalte und prägen die kindliche Entwicklung. Kinder im Alter zwischen drei und sechs Jahren werden mit vielen, für ihre gesunde Entwicklung äusserst wichtigen Herausforderungen und Veränderungen konfrontiert. Mit elterlicher Unterstützung werden den Kindern die nötigen Erfahrungsräume zur Entfaltung und Entwicklung geschaffen. Die Digitalisierung macht vielen Eltern zu schaffen und überfordert sie in der Medienkompetenzförderung. Diese Bachelorarbeit befasst sich mit den Auswirkungen von digitalen Medien auf die frühkindliche Entwicklung sowie der Medienkompetenzförderung. Fragen zu kindlicher Entwicklung, Auswirkungen des Medienkonsums, Medienkompetenzförderung sowie Elternbildung werden mittels entsprechender Fachliteratur beantwortet. Die gewonnenen Erkenntnisse zeigen, dass sich Kinder im Alter zwischen drei und sechs Jahren Medienkompetenzen nicht selbst aneignen können, sondern die Eltern, Lehr- und Betreuungspersonen gefordert sind, die Kinder darin zu fördern. Abschliessend werden zwei mögliche Handlungssettings der Sozialen Arbeit erläutert, die zur Medienkompetenzförderung dienen.
description: + Code Diss LU: hslusa basp be + Code Diss LU: hslusa basa be + Fussnote: Bachelor-Arbeit, Hochschule Luzern – Soziale Arbeit, Studienrichtung Sozialpädagogik & Sozialarbeit, 2023 + NL-Code: NLLUHSA202302
Rotational and Radial Velocities of 1.3-2.2 M_Sun Red Giants in Open Clusters
Creators: name: Carlberg, Joleen K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This study presents the rotational distribution of red giant stars (RGs) in eleven old to intermediate age open clusters. The masses of these stars are all above the Kraft break, so that they lose negligible amounts of their birth angular momentum (AM) during the main sequence evolution. However, they do span a mass range with quite different AM distributions imparted during formation, with the stars less massive than ~1.6 M_Sun arriving on the main sequence with lower rotation rates than the more massive stars. The majority of RGs in this study are slow rotators across the entire red giant branch regardless of mass, supporting the picture that intermediate mass stars rapidly spin down when they evolve off the main sequence and develop convection zones capable of driving a magnetic dynamo. Nevertheless, a small fraction of RGs in open clusters show some level of enhanced rotation, and faster rotators are as common in these clusters as in the field red giant population. Most of these enhanced rotators appear to be red clump stars, which is also true of the underlying stellar sample, while others are clearly RGs that are above or below the clump. In addition to rotational velocities, the radial velocities and membership probabilities of individual stars are also presented. Cluster heliocentric radial velocities for NGC 6005 and Pismis 18 are reported for the first time.
description: 17 pages, 7 figures, 7 tables. Accepted for publication in The Astronomical Journal. Machine readable versions of Tables 2 & 5 are provided as supplementary material
Evolution of room-temperature magnon gas toward coherent Bose-Einstein condensate
Creators: name: Noack, Timo B.
name: Vasyuchka, Vitaliy I.
name: Pomyalov, Anna
name: L'vov, Victor S.
name: Serga, Alexander A.
name: Hillebrands, Burkard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The appearance of spontaneous coherence is a fundamental feature of a Bose-Einstein condensate and an essential requirement for possible applications of the condensates for data processing and quantum computing. In the case of a magnon condensate in a magnetic crystal, such computing can be performed even at room temperature. So far, the process of coherence formation in a magnon condensate was inaccessible. We study the evolution of magnon radiation spectra by direct detection of microwave radiation emitted by magnons in a parametrically driven yttrium iron garnet crystal. By using specially shaped bulk samples, we show that the parametrically overpopulated magnon gas evolves to a state, whose coherence is only limited by the natural magnon relaxation into the crystal lattice.
description: 6 pages, 2 figures
Fast Radial Flows in Transition Disk Holes
Creators: name: Rosenfeld, Katherine A.
name: Chiang, Eugene
name: Andrews, Sean M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Protoplanetary "transition" disks have large, mass-depleted central cavities, yet also deliver gas onto their host stars at rates comparable to disks without holes. The paradox of simultaneous transparency and accretion can be explained if gas flows inward at much higher radial speeds inside the cavity than outside the cavity, since surface density (and by extension optical depth) varies inversely with inflow velocity at fixed accretion rate. Radial speeds within the cavity might even have to approach free-fall values to explain the huge surface density contrasts inferred for transition disks. We identify observational diagnostics of fast radial inflow in channel maps made in optically thick spectral lines. Signatures include (1) twisted isophotes in maps made at low systemic velocities and (2) rotation of structures observed between maps made in high-velocity line wings. As a test case, we apply our new diagnostic tools to archival ALMA data on the transition disk HD 142527, and uncover evidence for free-fall radial velocities inside its cavity. Although the observed kinematics are also consistent with a disk warp, the radial inflow scenario is preferred because it predicts low surface densities that appear consistent with recent observations of optically thin CO isotopologues in this disk. How material in the disk cavity sheds its angular momentum wholesale to fall freely onto the star is an unsolved problem; gravitational torques exerted by giant planets or brown dwarfs are briefly discussed as a candidate mechanism.
description: 21 pages, 8 figures, Accepted to ApJ
Additional file 1 of ADAM22/LGI1 complex as a new actionable target for breast cancer brain metastasis
Creators: name: Charmsaz, Sara
name: Doherty, Ben
name: Cocchiglia, Sinéad
name: Varešlija, Damir
name: Marino, Attilio
name: Cosgrove, Nicola
name: Marques, Ricardo
name: Priedigkeit, Nolan
name: Purcell, Siobhan
name: Bane, Fiona
name: Jarlath Bolger
name: Byrne, Christopher
name: O’Halloran, Philip J.
name: Brett, Francesca
name: Sheehan, Katherine
name: Brennan, Kieran
name: Hopkins, Ann M.
name: Keelan, Stephen
name: Jagust, Petra
name: Madden, Stephen
name: Martinelli, Chiara
name: Battaglini, Matteo
name: Oesterreich, Steffi
name: Lee, Adrian V.
name: Ciofani, Gianni
name: Hill, Arnold D. K.
name: Young, Leonie S.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 1: Supplemental Methods.
Long Term Wind-Driven X-Ray Spectral Variability of NGC 1365 with Swift
Creators: name: Connolly, S. D.
name: McHardy, I. M.
name: Dwelly, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present long-term (months-years) X-ray spectral variability of the Seyfert 1.8 galaxy NGC 1365 as observed by Swift, which provides well sampled observations over a much longer timescale (6 years) and a much larger flux range than is afforded by other observatories. At very low luminosities the spectrum is very soft, becoming rapidly harder as the luminosity increases and then, above a particular luminosity, softening again. At a given flux level, the scatter in hardness ratio is not very large, meaning that the spectral shape is largely determined by the luminosity. The spectra were therefore summed in luminosity bins and fitted with a variety of models. The best fitting model consists of two power laws, one unabsorbed and another, more luminous, which is absorbed. In this model, we find a range of intrinsic 0.5-10.0 keV luminosities of approximately 1.1-3.5 ergs/s, and a very large range of absorbing columns, of approximately 10^22 - 10^24 cm^-2. Interestingly, we find that the absorbing column decreases with increasing luminosity, but that this result is not due to changes in ionisation. We suggest that these observations might be interpreted in terms of a wind model in which the launch radius varies as a function of ionising flux and disc temperature and therefore moves out with increasing accretion rate, i.e. increasing X-ray luminosity. Thus, depending on the inclination angle of the disc relative to the observer, the absorbing column may decrease as the accretion rate goes up. The weaker, unabsorbed, component may be a scattered component from the wind.
description: 9 pages, 7 figures, accepted for publication in the Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
Herausfordernde Verhaltensweisen: Eine qualitative Forschungsarbeit zum professionellen Umgang mit herausfordernden Verhaltensweisen im Heimkontext
Creators: name: Krähenbühl, Sara
name: Penate Padilla, Gabriela Maria
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Verhaltensweisen sind in der stationären Kinder- und Jugendhilfe nicht aus dem Alltag der Professionellen wegzudenken. Nicht nur für die sozialpädagogischen Fachkräfte stellen diese Verhaltensweisen grosse Herausforderungen dar, auch die Kinder und Jugendlichen leiden unter den Auseinandersetzungen und potenziellen Abwertungen, welche daraus entstehen. Diese Forschungsarbeit erfasst die Perspektiven der Fachpersonen wie auch die der Jugendlichen in Bezug auf einen professionellen Umgang mit herausfordernden Verhaltensweisen. Unter Einbezug von Theorien werden Handlungsempfehlungen für die sozialpädagogische Praxis ausgearbeitet. Um die unterschiedlichen Perspektiven zu erfassen, wurden mit Fachpersonen von zwei verschiedenen Institutionen Leitfadeninterviews durchgeführt. Die Perspektiven der Jugendlichen wurden über Gruppendiskussionen in den gleichen Institutionen erhoben. Die Auswertung der Interviewinhalte erfolgte nach der qualitativen Inhaltsanalyse von Mayring. Die Ergebnisse der Auswertung wurden mit den erarbeiteten Theorieinhalten verknüpft. Die zu Beginn formulierten Fragestellungen liessen sich beantworten und Handlungsempfehlungen für die Praxis konnten ausgearbeitet werden. Diese Bachelorarbeit gibt über den Ursprung und die Gründe für herausfordernde Verhaltensweisen Auskunft, erschliesst Möglichkeiten für einen professionellen Umgang und unterstützt Professionelle dabei, diese Herausforderung im Alltag zu meistern. Dabei werden die Perspektiven der Jugendlichen in die Erkenntnisse miteinbezogen.
description: + Code Diss LU: hslusa basp be + Fussnote: Bachelor-Arbeit, Hochschule Luzern – Soziale Arbeit, Studienrichtung Sozialpädagogik, 2023 + NL-Code: NLLUHSA202302
Control of the Bose-Einstein Condensation of Magnons by the Spin-Hall Effect
Creators: name: Schneider, Michael
name: Breitbach, David
name: Serha, Rostyslav O.
name: Wang, Qi
name: Serga, Alexander A.
name: Slavin, Andrei N.
name: Tiberkevich, Vasyl S.
name: Heinz, Björn
name: Lägel, Bert
name: Brächer, Thomas
name: Dubs, Carsten
name: Knauer, Sebastian
name: Dobrovolskiy, Oleksandr V.
name: Pirro, Philipp
name: Hillebrands, Burkard
name: Chumak, Andrii V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Previously, it has been shown that rapid cooling of yttrium-iron-garnet (YIG)/platinum (Pt) nano structures, preheated by an electric current sent through the Pt layer, leads to overpopulation of a magnon gas and to subsequent formation of a Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) of magnons. The spin Hall effect (SHE), which creates a spin-polarized current in the Pt layer, can inject or annihilate magnons depending on the electric current and applied field orientations. Here we demonstrate that the injection or annihilation of magnons via the SHE can prevent or promote the formation of a rapid cooling induced magnon BEC. Depending on the current polarity, a change in the BEC threshold of -8% and +6% was detected. These findings demonstrate a new method to control macroscopic quantum states, paving the way for their application in spintronic devices.
Time-reversal invariant topological superconductivity in doped Weyl semimetals
Creators: name: Hosur, Pavan
name: Dai, Xi
name: Fang, Zhong
name: Qi, Xiao-Liang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Time-reversal invariant topological superconductors are a new state of matter which have a bulk superconducting gap and robust Majorana fermion surface states. These have not yet been realized in solid state systems. In this paper, we propose that this state can be realized in doped Weyl semimetals or Weyl metals. The Fermi surfaces of a Weyl metal carry Chern numbers, which is a required ingredient for such a topological superconductor. By applying the fluctuation-exchange approach to a generic model of time-reversal invariant Dirac and Weyl semimetals, we investigate what microscopic interactions can supply the other ingredient, viz., sign changing of the superconducting gap function between Fermi surfaces with opposite Chern numbers. We find that if the normal state is inversion symmetric, onsite repulsive and exchange interactions induce various nodal phases as well as a small region of topological superconductivity on the phase diagram. Unlike the He$^{3}$B topological superconductor, the phase here does not rely on any special momentum dependence of the pairing amplitude. Breaking inversion symmetry precludes some of the nodal phases and the topological superconductor becomes much more prominent, especially at large ferromagnetic interaction. Our approach can be extended to generic Dirac or Weyl metals.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures
Providing Data in a User-Friendly Manner at the Center for Socio-Political Data Paris
Creators: name: Danciu, Alina
name: Mairot, Alexandre
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018

description: The Center for Socio-Political Data (CDSP) of Sciences Po has been providing access to social sciences data resources from 2005. Our goal over the next year is to evolve our environment to a more user-friendly DDI-compliant structure.

In the context of the new French law “Loi du numérique” from 2017, we need to question our quantitative data access procedures. We need to evaluate which are the resources that can be downloaded in open access and which ones need to be restricted in terms of access, in order to preserve the confidentiality of the survey respondents.

Another element to take into account in order to provide data in a user-friendly manner is the improvement of the quality of our metadata. Our unequal interpretation of the DDI elements in our environment needs to be addressed in order to improve the user’s data discovery and comparative analysis experience: a metadata harmonization process is currently ongoing (use of controlled vocabularies, metadata re-use…)

This presentation will highlight the processes, challenges and questions for providing easier data access to our users’ community on a DDI-compliant platform.
Beziehungsgestaltung in der anonymen, textbasierten, psychosozialen Onlineberatung: Eine Analyse anhand von Interviews mit Fachpersonen aus der Onlineberatung SafeZone
Creators: name: Tamborini, Julia
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Menschliche Kommunikation als Hauptinstrument für Berater*innen im klassischen Beratungssetting bedienen sich herkömmlicher Interaktions- und Kommunikationstheorien. Diese zeigen sich auch digital, unterliegen jedoch den Einflussfaktoren der Rahmenbedingungen der Onlineberatung. Das Ziel dieser vorliegenden Forschungsarbeit ist es zu beantworten, wie der fehlende Umstand von nonverbaler Kommunikation auf die Gestaltung einer professionellen Beziehung wirkt. Dazu wird die folgende Forschungsfrage gestellt: Welche Aspekte sind bei der professionellen Beziehungsgestaltung in der psychosozialen, anonymen, textbasierten Onlineberatung zu berücksichtigen? Es wurden insgesamt sechs Expert*inneninterviews mit Fachpersonen aus der Onlineberatung geführt, gefolgt von einer anschliessenden qualitativen Inhaltsanalyse. Spezifisch wurde im Interview auf die bereits aus der Theorie erarbeiteten Themen eingegangen. Die Ergebnisse und derer Gegenüberstellung mit der Theorie ergaben, dass durch die fehlenden Ko-Präsenz, die Imagination über das Gegenüber ein wichtiger Bestandteil in der digitalen Kommunikation darstellt. Ausserdem gaben die Beteiligten an, dass es für eine Beziehung Zeit braucht und dass diese sich über einen längerdauernden Dialog entwickeln kann. Die nonverbale Kommunikation wird dabei explizit in schriftlicher Form ausgedrückt und ist ein bewusstes Handeln, im Gegensatz zur klassischen Interaktion vor Ort. Um Resonanz zu erfahren, fehlt die räumliche Nähe, kann jedoch über zeitliche und inhaltliche Bezugnahme hergestellt werden. Aus diesen Erkenntnissen wurden im Schlussteil dieser Arbeit mögliche Handlungsansätze vorgestellt.
description: + Code Diss LU: hslusa basa be + Fussnote: Bachelor-Arbeit, Hochschule Luzern – Soziale Arbeit, Studienrichtung Sozialarbeit, 2023 + NL-Code: NLLUHSA202302
Practical development of efficient thermoelectric-photovoltaic hybrid systems based on wide-gap solar cells
Creators: name: Lorenzi, Bruno
name: Mariani, Paolo
name: Reale, Andrea
name: Di Carlo, Aldo
name: Chen, Gang
name: Narducci, Dario
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The decrease of solar cell efficiency with temperature is a known problem for photovoltaics (PV). Temperature sensitivity can lead to a considerable amount of energy losses over the lifetime of solar panels. In this perspective Hybrid Thermoelectric-Photovoltaic (HTEPV) systems, which recover solar cell heat losses to produce an additional power output, can be a suitable option. However only hybridization of wide-gap solar cells is convenient in terms of efficiency gains and deserves investigation to evaluate HTEPV devices effectiveness. In this work we report the modeling and the development of customized bismuth telluride thermoelectric generators, optimized to be hybridized with amorphous silicon (aSi), Gallium Indium Phosphide (GaInP) or Perovskites solar cells. The model results showed in all three cases efficiency gains with a maximum of +3.1% for Perovskites (from 16.4% to 19.5%). These enhancements were then experimentally validated for the case of Perovskites solar cells, for which maximum gains were found to occur at typical operating temperatures of conventional PVs. This experimental evaluation demonstrated in an accurate fashion the real potential of thermoelectric hybridization of solar cells.
description: 20 pages, 9 figures
Inverse design method for periodic and aperiodic metasurfaces based on the adjoint-method: metalens with random-like distributed nano-rods
Creators: name: Edee, Kofi
name: Antezza, Mauro
name: Guizal, Brahim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The classical adjoint-based topology optimization (TO) method, based on the use of a random continuous dielectric function as an adjoint variable distribution, is known to be one of the most efficient optimization methods that enable the design of optical devices with outstanding performances. However, the strategy for selecting the optimal solution requires a very fine pixelation of the permittivity function of the profile under optimization. Typically, at least 28 pixels are needed while optimizing a one wavelength wide 1D metagrating. This makes it very difficult to extend TO methods to large-scale optimization problems. In this paper, we introduce a new concept of adjoint-based topology optimization that enables fast and efficient geometry based design of both periodic and aperiodic metasurfaces. The structures are built from nano-rods whose widths and positions are to be adjusted. Our new approach requires a very low number of design parameters, thus leading to a drastic reduction in the computational time: about an order of magnitude. Hence, this concept makes it possible to address the optimization of large-scale structures in record time. As a proof-of-concept we apply this method to the design of (i) a periodic metagrating, optimized to have a specific response into a particular direction, and (ii) a dielectric metalens (aperiodic metasurface), enabling a high energy focusing into a well-defined focal spot.
description: 14 pages , 9 figures