cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Tromp1, a putative rare outer membrane protein, is anchored by an uncleaved signal sequence to the Treponema pallidum cytoplasmic membrane.
Creators: name: Robinson, E
name: Akins, D R
name: Cox, D L
name: Radolf, J D
name: Elkins, C
name: Shevchenko, D
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1997

description: Treponema pallidum rare outer membrane protein 1 (Tromp1) has extensive sequence homology with substrate-binding proteins of ATP-binding cassette transporters. Because such proteins typically are periplasmic or cytoplasmic membrane associated, experiments were conducted to clarify Tromp1's physicochemical properties and cellular location in T. pallidum. Comparison of the sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis mobilities of (i) native Tromp1 and Tromp1 synthesized by coupled in vitro transcription-translation and (ii) native Tromp1 and recombinant Tromp1 lacking the N-terminal signal sequence revealed that the native protein is not processed. Other studies demonstrated that recombinant Tromp1 lacks three basic porin-like properties: (i) the ability to form aqueous channels in liposomes which permit the influx of small hydrophilic solutes, (ii) an extensive beta-sheet secondary structure, and (iii) amphiphilicity. Subsurface localization of native Tromp1 was demonstrated by immunofluorescence analysis of treponemes encapsulated in gel microdroplets, while opsonization assays failed to detect surface-exposed Tromp1. Incubation of motile treponemes with 3-(trifluoromethyl)-3-(m-[125I]iodophenyl)-diazarine, a photoactivatable, lipophilic probe, also did not result in the detection of Tromp1 within the outer membranes of intact treponemes but, instead, resulted in the labeling of a basic 30.5-kDa presumptive outer membrane protein. Finally, analysis of fractionated treponemes revealed that native Tromp1 is associated predominantly with cell cylinders. These findings comprise a body of evidence that Tromp1 actually is anchored by an uncleaved signal sequence to the periplasmic face of the T. pallidum cytoplasmic membrane, where it likely subserves a transport-related function.
Square cylinder in the interface of two different-velocity streams
Creators: name: Mansy, Reda El
name: Sarwar, Wasim
name: Bergada, Josep M
name: Mellibovsky, Fernando
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the incompressible flow past a square cylinder immersed in the wake of an upstream nearby splitter plate separating two streams of different velocity. The bottom stream Reynolds number, based on the square side, $Re_B=56$ is kept constant while the top-to-bottom Reynolds numbers ratio $R\equiv Re_T/Re_B$ is increased in the range $R\in[1,6.5]$, corresponding to a coupled variation of the bulk Reynolds number $Re\equiv(Re_T+Re_B)/2\in[56,210]$ and an {\it equivalent} nondimensional shear parameter $K\equiv2(R-1)/(R+1)\in[0,1.4667]$. The onset of vortex-shedding, at $R=2.1\pm0.1$ (corresponding to $Re=86.8\pm2.8$, $K=0.71\pm0.04$), is pushed to higher $Re$ as compared to the square cylinder in the classic configuration. The advent of three-dimensionality is triggered by a mode-C-type instability at $R\simeq3.1$ ($Re\simeq115$, $K\simeq1.02$) with wavelength $λ_z\simeq2.4$, much as reported for open circular rings and square cylinders placed at an incidence. The resulting solution is period-doubled and exhibits a triad of spanwise symmetries: a mirror reflection and two spatiotemporal symmetries involving the evolution by half a period (two vortex-shedding cycles) followed by either specular reflection or a half-wavelength shift. The path towards spatio-temporal chaos is initiated thereafter with a modulational period-doubling tertiary bifurcation at $R\in(3.4,3.8)$ that also doubles the spanwise periodicity. The ensuing nonlinear solution repeats only after four vortex shedding periods and retains only a spatiotemporal invariance consisting in the evolution by half a period (two vortex-shedding cycles) followed by mirror reflection about a streamwise-cross-stream plane. At slighlty higher values of $R\geq4$, the flow has become spatio-temporally chaotic, but the main features of mode C are still clearly distinguishable.
description: 30 pages, 16 figures, under review in JFM journal
Analysis of Bus Tracking System Using GPS on Smartphones
Creators: name: Mane, Mr. Pradip Suresh
name: Khairnar, Vaishali D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Public transport networks(PTNs)are difficult to use when the user is unfamiliar with the area they are traveling to.This is true for both infrequent users(including visitors)and regular users who need to travel to areas with which they are not acquainted.In these situations,adequate on-trip navigation information can substantially ease the use of public transportation and be the driving factor in motivating travelers to prefer it over other modes of transportation.However,estimating the localization of a user is not trivial,although it is critical for providing relevant information.I assess relevant design issues for a modular cost-efficient user-friendly on-trip Navigation service that uses position sensors.By helping travelers move from single-occupancy vehicles to public transportation systems, communities can reduce traffic congestion as well as its environmental impact.Here,I describe our efforts to increase the satisfaction of current public transportation users and help motivate more people to ride.
description: PP.80-82
Multivariate error modeling and uncertainty quantification using importance (re-)weighting for Monte Carlo simulations in particle transport
Creators: name: Stammer, Pia
name: Burigo, Lucas
name: Jäkel, Oliver
name: Frank, Martin
name: Wahl, Niklas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Fast and accurate predictions of uncertainties in the computed dose are crucial for the determination of robust treatment plans in radiation therapy. This requires the solution of particle transport problems with uncertain parameters or initial conditions. Monte Carlo methods are often used to solve transport problems especially for applications which require high accuracy. In these cases, common non-intrusive solution strategies that involve repeated simulations of the problem at different points in the parameter space quickly become infeasible due to their long run-times. Intrusive methods however limit the usability in combination with proprietary simulation engines. In our previous paper [51], we demonstrated the application of a new non-intrusive uncertainty quantification approach for Monte Carlo simulations in proton dose calculations with normally distributed errors on realistic patient data. In this paper, we introduce a generalized formulation and focus on a more in-depth theoretical analysis of this method concerning bias, error and convergence of the estimates. The multivariate input model of the proposed approach further supports almost arbitrary error correlation models. We demonstrate how this framework can be used to model and efficiently quantify complex auto-correlated and time-dependent errors.
description: 26 pages, 10 figures, [v2]: corrected title of figure 9
Numerical and quantum simulation of a quantum disentangled liquid
Creators: name: Abbasgholinejad, E.
name: Raeisi, S.
name: Langari, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The illustrative wave function for a quantum disentangled liquid (QDL) composed of light and heavy particles is examined within numerical simulations. Initial measurement on light particles gives rise to the volume law of the entanglement entropy of the heavy particles subsystem. The entropy reaches its maximum value as the ratio of the system to subsystem sizes increases. The standard deviation of entanglement entropy from its thermodynamic limit due to the initial configuration of the light particle is diminished within ensemble averaging. We have introduced a quantum circuit to simulate the underlying QDL state. The results of the quantum simulation are in agreement with the numerical simulations which confirms that the introduced circuit realizes a QDL state.
description: 8 pages, 7 figures
Electron-phonon interaction and longitudinal-transverse phonon splitting in doped semiconductors
Creators: name: Macheda, Francesco
name: Barone, Paolo
name: Mauri, Francesco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the effect of doping on the electron-phonon interaction and on the phonon frequencies in doped semiconductors, taking into account the screening in presence of free carriers at finite temperature. We study the impact of screening on the Fröhlich-like vertex and on the long-range components of the dynamical matrix, going beyond the state-of-the-art description for undoped crystals, thanks to the development of a computational method based on maximally localized Wannier functions. We apply our approach to cubic silicon carbide, where in presence of doping the Fröhlich coupling and the longitudinal-transverse phonon splitting are strongly reduced, thereby influencing observable properties such as the electronic lifetime.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures
Both Acetate Kinase and Acetyl Coenzyme A Synthetase Are Involved in Acetate-Stimulated Change in the Direction of Flagellar Rotation in Escherichia coli
Creators: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1998

description: Escherichia coli strains overproducing the response regulator CheY respond to acetate by increasing their clockwise bias of flagellar rotation, even when they lack other chemotaxis proteins. With acetate metabolism mutants, we demonstrate that both acetate kinase and acetyl coenzyme A synthetase are involved in this response. Thus, a response was observed when one of these enzymes was missing but not when both were absent.
A simplified view of blazars: the very high energy gamma-ray vision
Creators: name: Padovani, P.
name: Giommi, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have recently proposed a simplified scenario for blazars in which these sources are classified as flat-spectrum radio quasars or BL Lacs according to the prescriptions of unified schemes, and to a varying combination of Doppler boosted radiation from the jet, emission from the accretion disk, the broad line region, and light from the host galaxy. This scenario has been thoroughly tested through detailed Monte Carlo simulations and reproduces all the main features of existing radio, X-ray, and gamma-ray surveys. In this paper we consider the case of very high energy emission (E > 100 GeV) extrapolating from the expectations for the GeV band, which are in full accordance with the Fermi-LAT survey results, and make detailed predictions for current and future Cherenkov facilities, including the Cherenkov Telescope Array. Our results imply that >~ 100 new blazars can be detected now at very high energy and up to z ~1, consistently with the very recent MAGIC detection of S4 0218+35 at z=0.944.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures, accepted for publication in the Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
Evolution of wound management throughout history
Creators: name: Pedro Chapa M.D.
name: Oscar Martin Cerrito Gasca M.D.
name: Leonardo Barba Valadez M.D.
name: Nicolas Enrique Morales Sanchez M.D.
name: Roberto Perez Ordaz M.D.
name: Alexis Yael Ramos Montes de Oca M.D.
name: Maximiliano Sosa Hernandez M.D.
name: Kenia Alejandra Rodriguez Carrazco M.D.
name: Fernando Ibarra Lara M.D.
name: Roberto Manuel Garza Alcantar M.D.
name: Diana Rodriguez Reyes M.D.
name: Julio Cesar Mendoza Salazar M.D.
name: Carlos Alberto Soto Quiroz M.D.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Background
Wound management practices have evolved significantly over the course of human history. From the early remedies of the Neanderthals in 60,000 B.C. to the sophisticated techniques of contemporary medicine, the treatment of wounds has undergone various phases of evolution. This paper delves into the intricate history of wound management, spanning from ancient civilizations to the modern era.
Beginning with the significance of wound classification, the study traces the development of wound management practices in different historical periods. It highlights the role of various civilizations, such as the Sumerians and the ancient Egyptians, in the early advancements of wound care. The document extensively covers the contributions of key figures like Hippocrates and Galen, who made significant strides in the understanding and treatment of wounds.
The paper also emphasizes the critical transition from traditional and empirical wound care to a more scientific approach, as demonstrated by the works of Joseph Lister and Louis Pasteur. It discusses pivotal moments in the timeline, such as the advent of antiseptics and the recognition of the role of microorganisms in wound infections. Furthermore, it underlines the contemporary efforts to integrate advanced technologies, such as artificial intelligence, into wound management for early identification of non-healing wounds.
Overall, the paper reflects on the profound historical context of wound care and the persistent advancements that continue to shape contemporary medical practices, emphasizing the importance of understanding the historical trajectory for the effective treatment of wounds in modern medicine.
 
Keywords: Wounds, history of wound management, wound dressings.
Non-Abelian Anyon Collider
Creators: name: Lee, June-Young M.
name: Sim, H. -S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A collider, where particles are injected to a beam splitter from opposite sides, has been used for identifying quantum statistics of identical particles. The collision leads to bunching of the particles for bosons and antibunching for fermions. In recent experiments, a collider was applied to a fractional quantum Hall regime hosting Abelian anyons. The observed negative cross correlation of electrical currents cannot be understood with fermionic antibunching. Here we predict, based on a conformal field theory and non-perturbative treatment of non-equilibrium anyon injection, that the collider provides a tool for direct observation of the braiding statistics of various Abelian and non-Abelian anyons. Its dominant process is not direct collision between injected anyons, contrary to common expectation, but braiding between injected anyons and an anyon excited at the collider. The dependence of the resulting negative cross correlation on the injection currents distinguishes non-Abelian SU(2)$_k$ anyons, Ising anyons, and Abelian Laughlin anyons.
description: Main text: 7 pages, 3 figures, Supplementary text: 8 pages, 3 figures
Informationskompetenz online: Mit lebendigen Webinaren neue Zielgruppen individuell ansprechen
Creators: name: Faidt, Christine
name: Grahl, Tina
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: E-Learning
subject: Webinar
subject: Informationskompetenz
subject: Online-Beratung
subject: webinar
subject: information literacy
subject: advisory service online
subject: 020 Bibliotheks- und Informationswissenschaften

description: Mit Webinaren und Online-Beratung können Bibliotheken ihr Service-Portfolio erweitern und an die Bedürfnisse von neuen Zielgruppen, insbesondere nicht-traditionellen Studierenden, anpassen. Bereits vorhandene Präsenzkonzepte lassen sich mit wenig Aufwand didaktisch aufbereiten und in die digitale Welt überführen. Die Online-Angebote vermitteln den Teilnehmenden neben Inhalten auch digitale Kompetenzen und tragen außerdem zur erfolgreichen Positionierung der Bibliothek im virtuellen Raum bei.
description: With webinars and advisory services online, libraries can extend their service portfolio and adapt it to the needs of new target groups, especially non-traditional students. Existing presence teaching concepts can be customized with a different didactical approach and transferred into the digital world. In addition to content, the webinars also impart digital competencies to the participants and contribute to the successful positioning of the library in the virtual space.
Threshold detection statistics of bosonic states
Creators: name: Bulmer, Jacob F. F.
name: Paesani, Stefano
name: Chadwick, Rachel S.
name: Quesada, Nicolás
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In quantum photonics, threshold detectors, distinguishing between vacuum and one or more photons, such as superconducting nanowires and avalanche photodiodes, are routinely used to measure Fock and Gaussian states of light. Despite being the standard measurement scheme, there is no general closed form expression for measurement probabilities with threshold detectors, unless accepting coarse approximations or combinatorially scaling summations. Here, we present new matrix functions to fill this gap. We develop the Bristolian and the loop Torontonian functions for threshold detection of Fock and displaced Gaussian states, respectively, and connect them to each other and to existing matrix functions. By providing a unified picture of bosonic statistics for most quantum states of light, we provide novel tools for the design and analysis of photonic quantum technologies.
description: 14 pages, 2 figures, 1 table
Nucleotide Excision Repair in the Third Kingdom
Creators: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1998

description: Nucleotide excision repair, a general repair mechanism for removing DNA damage, is initiated by dual incisions bracketing the lesion. In procaryotes, the dual incisions result in excision of the damage in 12- to 13-nucleotide-long oligomers, and in eucaryotes they result in excision of the damage in the form of 24- to 32-nucleotide-long oligomers. We wished to find out if Archaea perform excision repair. Using cell extracts from Methanobacterium thermoautotrophicum, we found that this organism removes UV-induced (6-4) photoproducts in the form of 10- to 11-mers by incising the sixth to seventh phosphodiester bond 5′ to the damage and the fourth phosphodiester bond 3′ to the damage.
Proposed Signal Transduction Role for Conserved CheY Residue Thr87, a Member of the Response Regulator Active-Site Quintet
Creators: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1998

description: CheY serves as a structural prototype for the response regulator proteins of two-component regulatory systems. Functional roles have previously been defined for four of the five highly conserved residues that form the response regulator active site, the exception being the hydroxy amino acid which corresponds to Thr87 in CheY. To investigate the contribution of Thr87 to signaling, we characterized, genetically and biochemically, several cheY mutants with amino acid substitutions at this position. The hydroxyl group appears to be necessary for effective chemotaxis, as a Thr→Ser substitution was the only one of six tested which retained a Che+ swarm phenotype. Although nonchemotactic, cheY mutants with amino acid substitutions T87A and T87C could generate clockwise flagellar rotation either in the absence of CheZ, a protein that stimulates dephosphorylation of CheY, or when paired with a second site-activating mutation, Asp13→Lys, demonstrating that a hydroxy amino acid at position 87 is not essential for activation of the flagellar switch. All purified mutant proteins examined phosphorylated efficiently from the CheA kinase in vitro but were impaired in autodephosphorylation. Thus, the mutant CheY proteins are phosphorylated to a greater degree than wild-type CheY yet support less clockwise flagellar rotation. The data imply that Thr87 is important for generating and/or stabilizing the phosphorylation-induced conformational change in CheY. Furthermore, the various position 87 substitutions differentially affected several properties of the mutant proteins. The chemotaxis and autodephosphorylation defects were tightly linked, suggesting common structural elements, whereas the effects on self-catalyzed and CheZ-mediated dephosphorylation of CheY were uncorrelated, suggesting different structural requirements for the two dephosphorylation reactions.
Orbits of smooth functions on 2-torus and their homotopy types
Creators: name: Maksymenko, Sergiy
name: Feshchenko, Bohdan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 57S05, 57R45, 37C05

description: Let $f:T^2\to\mathbb{R}$ be a Morse function on $2$-torus $T^2$ such that its Kronrod-Reeb graph $Γ(f)$ has exactly one cycle, i.e. it is homotopy equivalent to $S^1$. Under some additional conditions we describe a homotopy type of the orbit of $f$ with respect to the action of the group of diffeomorphism of $T^2$. This result holds for a larger class of smooth functions $f:T^2\to\mathbb{R}$ having the following property: for every critical point $z$ of $f$ the germ of $f$ at $z$ is smoothly equivalent to a homogeneous polynomial $\mathbb{R}^2\to\mathbb{R}$ without multiple factors.
description: 16 pages, 3 figures
Dynamics and statefinder analysis of a class of sign-changeable interacting dark energy scenarios
Creators: name: Arevalo, Fabiola
name: Cid, Antonella
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We revise the dynamical properties of a class of cosmological models where the dark sector interacts through an interacting term that changes sign during evolution. In particular, we obtain the critical points and we investigate the existence and stability conditions for cosmological solutions, describing radiation, matter and dark energy dominated eras. We find that all the studied models admit a stable critical point corresponding to an accelerated phase. We use background data to find the best fit parameters for one of the studied models, resulting an interacting parameter with a definite sign within $1σ$ confidence level, consistent with the results of the dynamical system analysis. We also compute the statefinder parameters and plot the $r-q$ and $r-s$ planes, where we observe different trajectories when we vary the interaction parameter for a specific model and when we vary the interacting scenario. We can in this sense distinguish among models, including $Λ$CDM.
description: 20 pages, 16 figures, 9 tables
PAXTA XOMASHYOSINI TOZALASH TEXNOLOGIK JARAYONINING SAMARADORLIGINI OSHIRISH IMKONINI BERUVCHI TEXNIK YECHIMLAR
Creators: name: ABDUNAZAROV, R.A.
name: Bo'riyeva, S. E.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Mamlakatimiz iqtisodiyotining ustuvor tarmoqlarida texnologiyalar taraqqiyoti bugungi kunda har qachongidan ham muhimroq ahamiyat kasb etmoqda. Xususan, so'nggi yillarda paxta tozalash sanoatini rivojlantirish borasida olib borilayotgan ilmiy izlanishlar o'zining ijobiy natijalarini bera boshladi, sohaga resurs tejamkor texnika va texnologiyalarni tatbiq etish orqali paxtani qayta ishlash korxonalari faoliyatining samaradorligini oshirishga erishilmoqda.
Bell's inequality violation by dynamical Casimir photons in a superconducting microwave circuit
Creators: name: Chatterjee, Riddhi
name: Majumdar, A. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the Bell's inequality violation by dynamical Casimir radiation with pseudospin measurement. We consider a circuit quantum electrodynamical set-up where a relativistically moving mirror is simulated by variable external magnetic flux in a SQUID terminating a superconducting-microwave waveguide. We analytically obtain expectation values of the Bell operator optimized with respect to channel orientations, in terms of the system parameters. We consider the effects of local noise in the microwave field modes, asymmetry between the field modes resulting from nonzero detuning, and signal loss. Our analysis provides ranges of the above experimental parameters for which Bell violation can be observed. We show that Bell violation can be observed in this set-up up to 40 mK temperature as well as up to 65 % signal loss.
Entanglement detection using mutually unbiased measurements
Creators: name: Chen, Bin
name: Ma, Teng
name: Fei, Shao-Ming
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the entanglement detection by using mutually unbiased measurements and provide a quantum separability criterion that can be experimentally implemented for arbitrary $d$-dimensional bipartite systems. We show that this criterion is more effective than the criterion based on mutually unbiased bases. For isotropic states our criterion becomes both necessary and sufficient.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures
Conservation laws in gauge gravity theory
Creators: name: Obukhov, Yuri N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyse the conservation laws in the gauge gravity theory which are derived for the general class of gravitational models with the action invariant under the local Poincare and the diffeomorphism group. The consistent Noether-Lagrange formalism is developed, revealing the important role of the auxiliary Goldstone and Stueckelberg fields, with the help of which we construct the composite gauge fields that have a clear geometrical and physical meaning.
description: 13 pages, Revtex style, no figures. Accepted for special issue "Geometric Foundations of Gravity" in International Journal of Geometric Methods in Modern Physics
Semiclassics of three-dimensional SCFTs from holography
Creators: name: Cremonesi, Stefano
name: Lanza, Stefano
name: Martucci, Luca
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use holography to compute the large-$N$ effective field theory along the moduli space of vacua of an infinite class of three-dimensional $\mathcal{N}=2$ SCFTs admitting a dual M-theory description. We focus in particular on toric models and show how the spectrum of large $R$-charge SCFT chiral scalar operators corresponds to a set of explicit semiclassical solutions of our effective field theory, which describe bound states of backreacting giant gravitons and baryonic-like M5-branes. Our semiclassical description allows for a direct computation of the scaling dimensions of these operators and provides a starting point for a semiclassical investigation of the SCFT data in the large $R$-charge sector. We consider the models corresponding to the $Y^{12}(\mathbb{P}^2)$ and $Q^{111}$ Sasaki-Einstein spaces as explicit examples.
description: 77 pages + appendices, 7 figures
A Region Near the C-Terminal End of Escherichia coli DNA Helicase II Is Required for Single-Stranded DNA Binding
Creators: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1999

description: The role of the C terminus of Escherichia coli DNA helicase II (UvrD), a region outside the conserved helicase motifs, was investigated by using three mutants: UvrDΔ107C (deletion of the last 107 C-terminal amino acids), UvrDΔ102C, and UvrDΔ40C. This region, which lacks sequence similarity with other helicases, may function to tailor UvrD for its specific in vivo roles. Genetic complementation assays demonstrated that mutant proteins UvrDΔ107C and UvrDΔ102C failed to substitute for the wild-type protein in methyl-directed mismatch repair and nucleotide excision repair. UvrDΔ40C protein fully complemented the loss of helicase II in both repair pathways. UvrDΔ102C and UvrDΔ40C were purified to apparent homogeneity and characterized biochemically. UvrDΔ102C was unable to bind single-stranded DNA and exhibited a greatly reduced single-stranded DNA-stimulated ATPase activity in comparison to the wild-type protein (kcat = 0.01% of the wild-type level). UvrDΔ40C was slightly defective for DNA binding and was essentially indistinguishable from wild-type UvrD when single-stranded DNA-stimulated ATP hydrolysis and helicase activities were measured. These results suggest a role for a region near the C terminus of helicase II in binding to single-stranded DNA.
Random matrix study for a three-terminal chaotic device
Creators: name: Martínez-Argüello, A. M.
name: Castaño, E.
name: Martínez-Mares, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We perform a study based on a random-matrix theory simulation for a three-terminal device, consisting of chaotic cavities on each terminal. We analyze the voltage drop along one wire with two chaotic mesoscopic cavities, connected by a perfect conductor, or waveguide, with one open mode. This is done by means of a probe, which also consists of a chaotic cavity that measure the voltage in different configurations. Our results show significant differences with respect to the disordered case, previously considered in the literature.
description: Proccedings of the V Leopoldo Garcia-Colin Mexican Meeting on Mathematical and Experimental Physics
Characterization of the Moraxella catarrhalis uspA1 and uspA2 Genes and Their Encoded Products
Creators: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1999

description: The uspA1 and uspA2 genes of M. catarrhalis O35E encode two different surface-exposed proteins which were previously shown to share a 140-amino-acid region with 93% identity (C. Aebi, I. Maciver, J. L. Latimer, L. D. Cope, M. K. Stevens, S. E. Thomas, G. H. McCracken, Jr., and E. J. Hansen, Infect. Immun. 65:4367–4377, 1997). The N-terminal amino acid sequences of the mature forms of both UspA1 and UspA2 from strain O35E were determined after enzymatic treatment to remove the N-terminal pyroglutamyl residue that had blocked Edman degradation. Mass spectrometric analysis indicated that the molecular mass of UspA1 from M. catarrhalis O35E was 83,500 ± 116 Da. Nucleotide sequence analysis of the uspA1 and uspA2 genes from three other M. catarrhalis strains (TTA24, ATCC 25238, and V1171) revealed that the encoded protein products were very similar to those from strain O35E. Western blot analysis was used to confirm that each of these three strains of M. catarrhalis expressed both UspA1 and UspA2 proteins. Several different and repetitive amino acid motifs were present in both UspA1 and UspA2 from these four strains, and some of these were predicted to form coiled coils. Linear DNA templates were used in an in vitro transcription-translation system to determine the sizes of the monomeric forms of the UspA1 and UspA2 proteins from strains O35E and TTA24.
Temperature effects on the point defects formation in [111] W by neutron induced collision cascade
Creators: name: Domínguez-Gutiérrez, F. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Tungsten is used as plasma-facing wall in ITER where it is subjected to extreme operating conditions. In this work, we study the damage formation in [111] crystalline W by neutron bombardment in the temperature range of 300-900 K which is important for designing next generation of fusion reactors. The Molecular Dynamics (MD) simulations are performed at a primary knock-on atoms (PKA) energy of 1 keV within the Gaussian Approximation Potential (GAP) framework. The analysis of the induced damage is done by the Fingerprinting and Visualization Analyzer of Defects (FaVAD) which is based on a rotation invariant mapping of the local atomic neighborhoods allowing to extract, to identify and to visualize the atomic defect formation dynamically during and after the collision cascades. The evaluation allows to classify the various defect types and to quantify the defect evolution as function of time and initial sample temperature. We found that the production of Frenkel pair increases as a function of the temperature due to thermal activated mechanisms.
The shape of extremal functions for Poincaré-Sobolev-type inequalities in a ball
Creators: name: Girão, Pedro M.
name: Weth, Tobias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35B06, 35B07, 35J20, 35J61, 35R45, 47J20

description: We study extremal functions for a family of Poincaré-Sobolev-type inequalities. These functions minimize, for subcritical or critical $p\geq 2$, the quotient ${\|\nabla u\|_2}/{\|u\|_p}$ among all $u \in H^1(B)\setminus\{0\}$ with $\int_{B}u=0$. Here $B$ is the unit ball in $\mathbb{R}^N$. We show that the minimizers are axially symmetric with respect to a line passing through the origin. We also show that they are strictly monotone in the direction of this line. In particular, they take their maximum and minimum precisely at two antipodal points on the boundary of $B$. We also prove that, for $p$ close to $2$, minimizers are antisymmetric with respect to the hyperplane through the origin perpendicular to the symmetry axis, and that, once the symmetry axis is fixed, they are unique (up to multiplication by a constant). In space dimension two, we prove that minimizers are not antisymmetric for large $p$.
Finite-amplitude elastic waves in viscoelastic channel flow from large to zero Reynolds number
Creators: name: Buza, Gergely
name: Beneitez, Miguel
name: Page, Jacob
name: Kerswell, Rich R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using branch continuation in the FENE-P model, we show that finite-amplitude travelling waves borne out of the recently-discovered linear instability of viscoelastic channel flow (Khalid et al. {\em J. Fluid Mech.} {\bf 915}, A43, 2021) are substantially subcritical reaching much lower Weissenberg ($Wi$) numbers than on the neutral curve at a given Reynolds ($Re$) number over $Re \in [0,3000]$. The travelling waves on the lower branch are surprisingly weak indicating that viscolastic channel flow is susceptible to (nonlinear) instability triggered by small finite amplitude disturbances for $Wi$ and $Re$ well below the neutral curve. The critical $Wi$ for these waves to appear in a saddle node bifurcation decreases monotonically from, for example, $\approx 37$ at $Re=3000$ down to $\approx 7.5$ at $Re=0$ at the solvent-to-total-viscosity ratio $β=0.9$. In this latter creeping flow limit, we also show that these waves exist at $Wi \lesssim 50$ for higher polymer concentrations - $β\in [0.5,0.97)$ -- where there is no known linear instability. Our results therefore indicate that these travelling waves -- found in simulations and named `arrowheads' by Dubief et al. {\em arXiv}.2006.06770 (2020) - exist much more generally in $(Wi,Re, β)$ parameter space than their spawning neutral curve and hence can either directly, or indirectly through their instabilities, influence the dynamics seen far away from where the flow is linearly unstable. Possible connections to elastic and elasto-inertial turbulence are discussed.
description: 21 pages, 12 figures
Exploring the limits of ultracold atoms in space
Creators: name: Thompson, RJ
name: Aveline, D. C.
name: Chiow, Sheng-Wey
name: Elliott, ER
name: Kellogg, JR
name: Kohel, JM
name: Sbroscia, MS
name: Schneider, C.
name: Williams, JR
name: Lundblad, N.
name: Sackett, CA
name: Stamper-Kurn, D.
name: Woerner, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Existing space-based cold atom experiments have demonstrated the utility of microgravity for improvements in observation times and for minimizing the expansion energy and rate of a freely evolving coherent matter wave. In this paper we explore the potential for space-based experiments to extend the limits of ultracold atoms utilizing not just microgravity, but also other aspects of the space environment such as exceptionally good vacuums and extremely cold temperatures. The tantalizing possibility that such experiments may one day be able to probe physics of quantum objects with masses approaching the Plank mass is discussed.
Ferric Enterobactin Binding and Utilization by Neisseria gonorrhoeae
Creators: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1999

description: FetA, formerly designated FrpB, an iron-regulated, 76-kDa neisserial outer membrane protein, shows sequence homology to the TonB-dependent family of receptors that transport iron into gram-negative bacteria. Although FetA is commonly expressed by most neisserial strains and is a potential vaccine candidate for both Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Neisseria meningitidis, its function in cell physiology was previously undefined. We now report that FetA functions as an enterobactin receptor. N. gonorrhoeae FA1090 utilized ferric enterobactin as the sole iron source when supplied with ferric enterobactin at approximately 10 μM, but growth stimulation was abolished when an omega (Ω) cassette was inserted within fetA or when tonB was insertionally interrupted. FA1090 FetA specifically bound 59Fe-enterobactin, with a Kd of approximately 5 μM. Monoclonal antibodies raised against the Escherichia coli enterobactin receptor, FepA, recognized FetA in Western blots, and amino acid sequence comparisons revealed that residues previously implicated in ferric enterobactin binding by FepA were partially conserved in FetA. An open reading frame downstream of fetA, designated fetB, predicted a protein with sequence similarity to the family of periplasmic binding proteins necessary for transporting siderophores through the periplasmic space of gram-negative bacteria. An Ω insertion within fetB abolished ferric enterobactin utilization without causing a loss of ferric enterobactin binding. These data show that FetA is a functional homolog of FepA that binds ferric enterobactin and may be part of a system responsible for transporting the siderophore into the cell.
VARIET� PIGMENTATE DI ZEA MAYS L.: CARATTERIZZAZIONE DEL PROFILO FENOLICO E POTENZIALIT� DI IMPIEGO NELLA DIETA SENZA GLUTINE
Creators: name: COLOMBO, FRANCESCA
Publisher: name: Universit� degli Studi di Milano
Year: 2020

description: La celiachia � una malattia autoimmune scatenata, in soggetti geneticamente predisposti, dall?ingestione di prolammine contenute in alcuni cereali quali frumento, orzo e segale. Recenti studi hanno messo in luce come tale condizione sia accompagnata da un quadro generale di stress ossidativo che, in alcuni casi, permane anche dopo il trattamento dietetico. In questo contesto risulta dunque importante identificare nuovi ingredienti senza glutine che possano contribuire a un miglioramento delle condizioni di salute dei soggetti affetti da celiachia. I mais pigmentati, diffusi principalmente in Sud America e ancora poco utilizzati in Europa, potrebbero rappresentare degli ingredienti senza glutine innovativi in quanto sono ricchi in antociani, molecole ad elevata attivit� antiossidante, e sono naturalmente privi di glutine. In questo progetto sono stati inclusi differenti campioni di mais: un campione di mais viola (ad uso animale), tre variet� di mais giallo (ad uso umano) e tre variet� pigmentate, ciascuna ottenuta dall?incrocio di una variet� gialla con il mais viola. Il processo di incrocio � stato condotto al fine di ottenere variet� pigmentate ad uso umano adatte ad essere coltivate in climi temperati. Nella prima fase del lavoro differenti metodi spettrofotometrici e cromatografici (HPTLC, LC-MS e HPLC-DAD) sono stati sviluppati ed applicati al fine di caratterizzare le diverse variet� di mais incluse nello studio e valutarne parallelamente la relativa capacit� antiossidante. Le variet� pigmentate, confrontate con i rispettivi mais parentali (mais viola e mais gialli), hanno mostrato un interessante profilo fenolico sia in termine di componente solubile (antociani e acidi fenolici), sia insolubile (acidi fenolici). Il contenuto di polifenoli � risultato proporzionale all?attivit� antiossidante valutata con le differenti metodiche spettrofotometriche e cromatografiche. Nella seconda fase del lavoro � stata applicata una digestione in vitro al fine di monitorare la stabilit� delle antocianine nel tratto gastrointestinale. Infine, differenti test cellulari (test di agglutinazione e valutazione della resistenza elettrica trans-epiteliale) hanno permesso di confermare la sicurezza d?uso delle nuove variet� pigmentate per i soggetti affetti da celiachia. I risultati derivanti da questo progetto potrebbero contribuire all?inclusione delle variet� pigmentate tra i nuovi ingredienti funzionali naturalmente privi di glutine. I prodotti alimentari, ottenuti con le nuove variet� ricche di polifenoli, potrebbero avere un ruolo nel migliorare la qualit� della vita dei pazienti con malattia celiaca in termini sia di salute intestinale che di aspetti sensoriali.
The role of slow magnetostrophic waves in the formation of the axial dipole in planetary dynamos
Creators: name: Varma, Aditya
name: Sreenivasan, Binod
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The preference for the axial dipole in planetary dynamos is investigated through the analysis of wave motions in spherical dynamo models. Our study focuses on the role of slow magnetostrophic waves, which are generated from localized balances between the Lorentz, Coriolis and buoyancy (MAC) forces. Since the slow waves are known to intensify with increasing field strength, simulations in which the field grows from a small seed towards saturation are useful in understanding the role of these waves in dynamo action. Axial group velocity measurements in the energy-containing scales show that fast inertial waves slightly modified by the magnetic field and buoyancy are dominant under weak fields. However, the dominance of the slow waves is evident for strong fields satisfying $|ω_M/ω_C| \sim $ 0.1, where $ω_M$ and $ω_C$ are the frequencies of the Alfvén and inertial waves respectively. A MAC wave window of azimuthal wavenumbers is identified wherein helicity generation by the slow waves strongly correlates with dipole generation. Analysis of the magnetic induction equation suggests a poloidal--poloidal field conversion in the formation of the dipole. Finally, the attenuation of slow waves may result in polarity reversals in a strongly driven Earth's core.
description: 26 pages, 14 figures
Phenotypic Analysis of Random hns Mutations Differentiate DNA-Binding Activity from Properties of fimA Promoter Inversion Modulation and Bacterial Motility
Creators: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1999

description: H-NS is a major Escherichia coli nucleoid-associated protein involved in bacterial DNA condensation and global modulation of gene expression. This protein exists in cells as at least two different isoforms separable by isoelectric focusing. Among other phenotypes, mutations in hns result in constitutive expression of the proU and fimB genes, increased fimA promoter inversion rates, and repression of the flhCD master operon required for flagellum biosynthesis. To understand the relationship between H-NS structure and function, we transformed a cloned hns gene into a mutator strain and collected a series of mutant alleles that failed to repress proU expression. Each of these isolated hns mutant alleles also failed to repress fimB expression, suggesting that H-NS-specific repression of proU and fimB occurs by similar mechanisms. Conversely, alleles encoding single amino acid substitutions in the C-terminal DNA-binding domain of H-NS resulted in significantly reduced affinity for DNA yet conferred a wild-type fimA promoter inversion frequency, indicating that the mechanism of H-NS activity in modulating promoter inversion is independent of DNA binding. Furthermore, two specific H-NS amino acid substitutions resulted in hypermotile bacteria, while C-terminal H-NS truncations exhibited reduced motility. We also analyzed H-NS isoform composition expressed by various hns mutations and found that the N-terminal 67 amino acids were sufficient to support posttranslational modification and that substitutions at positions 18 and 26 resulted in the expression of a single H-NS isoform. These results are discussed in terms of H-NS domain organization and implications for biological activity.
Reflecting random flights
Creators: name: De Gregorio, Alessandro
name: Orsingher, Enzo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We consider random flights in $\mathbb{R}^d$ reflecting on the surface of a sphere $\mathbb{S}^{d-1}_R,$ with center at the origin and with radius $R,$ where reflection is performed by means of circular inversion. Random flights studied in this paper are motions where the orientation of the deviations are uniformly distributed on the unit-radius sphere $\mathbb{S}^{d-1}_1$. We obtain the explicit probability distributions of the position of the moving particle when the number of changes of direction is fixed and equal to $n\geq 1$. We show that these distributions involve functions which are solutions of the Euler-Darboux-Poisson equation. The unconditional probability distributions of the reflecting random flights are obtained by suitably randomizing $n$ by means of a fractional-type Poisson process. Random flights reflecting on hyperplanes according to the optical reflection form are considered and the related distributional properties derived.
description: 21 pages, 3 figures