cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
SynergyGrids: blockchain-supported distributed microgrid energy trading
Creators: name: Aloqaily, Moayad
name: Bouachir, Ouns
name: Özkasap, Öznur
name: Ali, Faizan Safdar
Publisher: name: Manara - Qatar Research Repository
Year: 2022
Subjects: Distributed computing and systems software
Software engineering

description: Growing intelligent cities is witnessing an increasing amount of local energy generation through renewable energy resources. Energy trade among the local energy generators (aka prosumers) and consumers can reduce the energy consumption cost and also reduce the dependency on conventional energy resources, not to mention the environmental, economic, and societal benefits. However, these local energy sources might not be enough to fulfill energy consumption demands. A hybrid approach, where consumers can buy energy from both prosumers (that generate energy) and also from prosumer of other locations, is essential. A centralized system can be used to manage this energy trading that faces several security issues and increase centralized development cost. In this paper, a hybrid energy trading system coupled with a smart contract named SynergyGrids has been proposed as a solution, that reduces the average cost of energy and load over the utility grids. To the best of our knowledge, this work is the first attempt to create a hybrid energy trading platform over the smart contract for energy demand prediction. An hourly energy data set has been utilized for testing and validation purposes. The trading system shows 17.8% decrease in energy cost for consumers and 76.4% decrease in load over utility grids when compared with its counterparts.Other Information Published in: Peer-to-Peer Networking and Applications
 License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
See article on publisher's website: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12083-021-01199-y
An efficient secure data compression technique based on chaos and adaptive Huffman coding
Creators: name: Usama, Muhammad
name: Malluhi, Qutaibah M.
name: Zakaria, Nordin
name: Razzak, Imran
name: Iqbal, Waheed
Publisher: name: Manara - Qatar Research Repository
Year: 2022
Subjects: Distributed computing and systems software
Software engineering

description: Data stored in physical storage or transferred over a communication channel includes substantial redundancy. Compression techniques cut down the data redundancy to reduce space and communication time. Nevertheless, compression techniques lack proper security measures, e.g., secret key control, leaving the data susceptible to attack. Data encryption is therefore needed to achieve data security in keeping the data unreadable and unaltered through a secret key. This work concentrates on the problems of data compression and encryption collectively without negatively affecting each other. Towards this end, an efficient, secure data compression technique is introduced, which provides cryptographic capabilities for use in combination with an adaptive Huffman coding, pseudorandom keystream generator, and S-Box to achieve confusion and diffusion properties of cryptography into the compression process and overcome the performance issues. Thus, compression is carried out according to a secret key such that the output will be both encrypted and compressed in a single step. The proposed work demonstrated a congruent fit for real-time implementation, providing robust encryption quality and acceptable compression capability. Experiment results are provided to show that the proposed technique is efficient and produces similar space-saving (%) to standard techniques. Security analysis discloses that the proposed technique is susceptible to the secret key and plaintext. Moreover, the ciphertexts produced by the proposed technique successfully passed all NIST tests, which confirm that the 99% confidence level on the randomness of the ciphertext.Other Information Published in: Peer-to-Peer Networking and Applications
 License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
See article on publisher's website: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12083-020-00981-8
Alterations in Beta Cell Identity in Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes
Creators: name: Moin, Abu Saleh Md
name: Butler, Alexandra E.
Publisher: name: Manara - Qatar Research Repository
Year: 2022
Subjects: Clinical sciences

description: To discuss the current understanding of “β cell identity” and factors underlying altered identity of pancreatic β cells in diabetes, especially in humans. Altered identity of β cells due to dedifferentiation and/or transdifferentiation has been proposed as a mechanism of loss of β cells in diabetes. In dedifferentiation, β cells do not undergo apoptosis; rather, they lose their identity and function. Dedifferentiation is well characterized by the decrease in expression of key β cell markers such as genes encoding major transcription factors, e.g., MafA, NeuroD1, Nkx6.1, and Foxo1, and an increase in atypical or “disallowed” genes for β cells such as lactate dehydrogenase, monocarboxylate transporter MCT1, or progenitor cell genes (Neurog3, Pax4, or Sox9). Moreover, altered identity of mature β cells in diabetes also involves transdifferentiation of β cells into other islet hormone producing cells. For example, overexpression of α cell specific transcription factor Arx or ablation of Pdx1 resulted in an increase of α cell numbers and a decrease in β cell numbers in rodents. The frequency of α-β double-positive cells was also prominent in human subjects with T2D. These altered identities of β cells likely serve as a compensatory response to enhance function/expand cell numbers and may also camouflage/protect cells from ongoing stress. However, it is equally likely that this may be a reflection of new cell formation as a frank regenerative response to ongoing tissue injury. Physiologically, all these responses are complementary. In diabetes, (1) endocrine identity recapitulates the less mature/less-differentiated fetal/neonatal cell type, possibly representing an adaptive mechanism; (2) residual β cells may be altered in their subtype proportions or other molecular features; (3) in humans, “altered identity” is a preferable term to dedifferentiation as their cellular fate (differentiated cells losing identity or progenitors becoming more differentiated) is unclear as yet.Other Information Published in: Current Diabetes Reports
 License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
See article on publisher's website: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11892-019-1194-6
Experts' View on Challenges and Needs for Fairness in Artificial Intelligence for Education
Creators: name: Fenu, Gianni
name: Galici, Roberta
name: Marras, Mirko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In recent years, there has been a stimulating discussion on how artificial intelligence (AI) can support the science and engineering of intelligent educational applications. Many studies in the field are proposing actionable data mining pipelines and machine-learning models driven by learning-related data. The potential of these pipelines and models to amplify unfairness for certain categories of students is however receiving increasing attention. If AI applications are to have a positive impact on education, it is crucial that their design considers fairness at every step. Through anonymous surveys and interviews with experts (researchers and practitioners) who have published their research at top-tier educational conferences in the last year, we conducted the first expert-driven systematic investigation on the challenges and needs for addressing fairness throughout the development of educational systems based on AI. We identified common and diverging views about the challenges and the needs faced by educational technologies experts in practice, that lead the community to have a clear understanding on the main questions raising doubts in this topic. Based on these findings, we highlighted directions that will facilitate the ongoing research towards fairer AI for education.
description: Accepted as a full paper at AIED 2022: The 23rd International Conference on Artificial Intelligence in Education
Synthesis of Fe3O4 Nanoparticles with Different Shapes Through a Co-Precipitation Method and Their Application
Creators: name: Ba-Abbad, Muneer M.
name: Benamour, Abdelbaki
name: Ewis, Dina
name: Mohammad, Abdul Wahab
name: Mahmoudi, Ebrahim
Publisher: name: Manara - Qatar Research Repository
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Macromolecular and materials chemistry
subject: Chemical engineering
subject: FOS: Chemical engineering

description: Magnetic Fe3O4 nanoparticles (NPs) were successfully synthesized via co-precipitation method using ferric chloride and ferrous sulphate as the starting materials. The shape and the size of Fe3O4 NPs were controlled by using different types of additive including ammonium hydroxide and sodium hydroxide. The results revealed that by adding ammonium hydroxide, the particles attained a spherical shape with a uniform size. On the other hand, the shape of the particles turned from spherical to cubic using sodium hydroxide. The magnetic results showed that both samples attained hysteresis loop, which indicated that both samples have ferromagnetic behavior. In addition, Fe3O4 NPs with cubic shape showed higher adsorptive behaviour towards Congo red compared to spherical Fe3O4 NPs, which is attributed to the enhancement of their magnetic properties. The adsorption of Congo red onto cubic Fe3O4 NPs was best described by Langmuir isotherm model, while spherical Fe3O4 NPs followed Freundlich isotherm model.Other Information Published in: JOM
 License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
See article on publisher's website: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11837-022-05380-3
Linear Solvers for Reservoir Simulation Problems: An Overview and Recent Developments
Creators: name: Nardean, Stefano
name: Ferronato, Massimiliano
name: Abushaikha, Ahmad
Publisher: name: Manara - Qatar Research Repository
Year: 2022
Subjects: Applied computing
Applied mathematics

description: Linear solvers for reservoir simulation applications are the objective of this review. Specifically, we focus on techniques for Fully Implicit (FI) solution methods, in which the set of governing Partial Differential Equations (PDEs) is properly discretized in time (usually by the Backward Euler scheme), and space, and tackled by assembling and linearizing a single system of equations to solve all the model unknowns simultaneously. Due to the usually large size of these systems arising from real-world models, iterative methods, specifically Krylov subspace solvers, have become conventional choices; nonetheless, their success largely revolves around the quality of the preconditioner that is supplied to accelerate their convergence. These two intertwined elements, i.e., the solver and the preconditioner, are the focus of our analysis, especially the latter, which is still the subject of extensive research. The progressive increase in reservoir model size and complexity, along with the introduction of additional physics to the classical flow problem, display the limits of existing solvers. Intensive usage of computational and memory resources are frequent drawbacks in practice, resulting in unpleasantly slow convergence rates. Developing efficient, robust, and scalable preconditioners, often relying on physics-based assumptions, is the way to avoid potential bottlenecks in the solving phase. In this work, we proceed in reviewing principles and state-of-the-art of such linear solution tools to summarize and discuss the main advances and research directions for reservoir simulation problems. We compare the available preconditioning options, showing the connections existing among the different approaches, and try to develop a general algebraic framework.Other Information Published in: Archives of Computational Methods in Engineering
 License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
See article on publisher's website: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11831-022-09739-2
An Interview to Italian PV Market for Detecting Barriers and their Overcoming to a Full Deployment
Creators: name: Tilli, F.
name: Pellegrino, M.
name: Grassi, A.
name: Berni, A.
name: Aste, N.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2009
Subjects: PV Deployment
Markets for PV Systems

description: 24th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference, 21-25 September 2009, Hamburg, Germany; 4422-4426
description: Italy is one of the fastest growing PV market in Europe, thanks also to her generous incentives that are among the highest in
the world; however, the development of a PV market in Italy faces many difficulties like long lead times for the connection to
the grid or the difficulties to obtain authorizations. The law appointed GSE (Gestore dei Servizi Elettrici) as the national
implementing body for allocating incentives. Among its tasks, GSE has that of supporting a better understanding of the PV
market and therefore a survey about the main barriers was conducted, along with other institutes: ENEA, Etaflorence, and
Politecnico di Milano. All members of the team are participants to Task 10, the international collaborative project of the
Photovoltaic Power Systems Programme (PVPS) of the International Energy Agency.
The main barriers are identified in different sectors such as administrative, related to the utility, economic, technical and
social/cultural. The study is based on information obtained from all main PV Italian players using two tools: questionnaires
and interviews, and gives a detailed picture concerning barriers and their solution from the point of view of those facing them
as well as of those directly or indirectly involved.
Geomechanical Modelling of Railroad Ballast: A Review
Creators: name: Alabbasi, Yahia
name: Hussein, Mohammed
Publisher: name: Manara - Qatar Research Repository
Year: 2022
Subjects: Applied computing
Applied mathematics

description: Traditional ballasted tracks have been used intensively around the world with ballast as the main material for tracks. Ballast has a significant contribution to the track alignment, stability and sustainability. After service, ballast deforms and degrades. Periodic ballast maintenance is needed which is a time and cost expensive activity. Understanding the mechanical behaviour of railroad ballast leads to better design and efficient maintenance. From the literature, there are two main approaches used to understand the mechanical behaviour of railroad ballast; large scale experimental and modelling. This paper aims to review the state of the art of literature on the modelling approaches used to understand ballast mechanical behaviour. It discusses the key findings from each modelling approach in understanding ballast mechanical behavior. It presents the main concerns and limitations of each modelling approach from different perspectives related to ballast modelling. It summarizes the limitations, gaps and gaps’ developments of the researches used to understand ballast behaviour via modelling approach.Other Information Published in: Archives of Computational Methods in Engineering
 License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
See article on publisher's website: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11831-019-09390-4
A study of the wiggle morphology of HH 211 through numerical simulations
Creators: name: Moraghan, Anthony
name: Lee, Chin-Fei
name: Huang, Po-Sheng
name: Vaidya, Bhargav
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent high-resolution high-sensitivity observations of protostellar jets have shown many to possess deviations to their trajectories. HH 211 is one such example where sub-mm observations with the SMA have revealed a clear reflection-symmetric wiggle. The most likely explanation is that the HH 211 jet source could be moving as part of a protobinary system. Here we test this assumption by simulating HH 211 through 3D hydrodynamic jet propagation simulations using the PLUTO code with a molecular chemistry and cooling module, and initial conditions based on an analytical model derived from SMA observations. Our results show the reflection-symmetric wiggle can be recreated through the assumption of a jet source perturbed by binary motion at its base, and that a regular sinusoidal velocity variation in the jet beam can be close to matching the observed knot pattern. However, a more complex model with either additional heating from the protostar, or a shorter period velocity pulsation may be required to account for enhanced emission near the source, and weaker knot emission downstream. Position velocity diagrams along the pulsed jet beam show a complex structure with detectable signatures of knots and show caution must be exercised when interpreting radial velocity profiles through observations. Finally, we make predictions for future HH 211 observations with ALMA.
description: 11 pages, 6 figures
Optimizing and control of effective synthesize parameters for Fe3O4 nanoparticles using response surface methodology
Creators: name: Ba-Abbad, Muneer M.
name: Chai, P. V.
name: Benamour, Abdelbaki
name: Ewis, Dina
name: Mohammad, Abdul Wahab
name: Mahmoudi, Ebrahim
Publisher: name: Manara - Qatar Research Repository
Year: 2022
Subjects: Macromolecular and materials chemistry
Manufacturing engineering

description: To control Fe3O4 nanoparticles (Fe3O4 NPs) size, different molar ratio of Fe2+ and Fe3+ as well as ammonium hydroxide (pH) was used to synthesize Fe3O4 NPs through co-precipitation method. The Box–Behnken design was selected to explore the interaction between process parameters (factors) such as Fe2+ molar ion, Fe3+ molar ion and pH on the final size. The interactive effect between the process variables was evaluated by analysis of variance (ANOVA). The quadratic model predicted by the Box–Behnken design was significant with a P value of < 0.0001. The optimum synthesis conditions were predicted by the model indicating optimum size obtained using 1.00 mol Fe2+ ion with 3.00 mol Fe3+ ion with pH at 12.00. From the experiment, the particle size was 10 ± 2 nm at optimum conditions, while the model predicted a particle size of 6.80 nm. The magnetic properties of Fe3O4 NPs were displayed typical ferromagnetic behavior with saturation magnetization value to be 49.729 emu/g. Finally, the optimized Fe3O4 NPs showed about 80% removal of Congo red (CR) dye, which confirms their applicability in adsorption process for future applications.Other Information Published in: Chemical Papers
 License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
See article on publisher's website: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11696-022-02320-y
Eurasian Market of Solar Energy Installation and Equipment. A Chance for Europe-Russia Cooperation
Creators: name: Saprykin, D.L.
name: Yagutkin, V.A.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2009
Subjects: PV Deployment
Markets for PV Systems

description: 24th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference, 21-25 September 2009, Hamburg, Germany; 4456-4457
description: The main direction of this work analysis are: 1. Structural features of Russian energy consumption
market, energy saving and alternative energy sources. Possible growth trends. 2. Equipment, service and HR
evaluation. 3. New projects and know-hows.
In this project the authors have analyzed the potential market for alternative energy sources in Russia and Eurasia.
The authors also report the key results of their R&D activity in laser and vacuum equipment for thin-films
production. Finally, the main possibilities for cooperation between Russian and foreign enterprises.
A comparative analysis of the observed white dwarf cooling sequence from globular clusters
Creators: name: Campos, Fabíola
name: Bergeron, P.
name: Romero, A. D.
name: Kepler, S. O.
name: Ourique, G.
name: Costa, J. E. S.
name: Bonatto, C. J.
name: Winget, D. E.
name: Montgomery, M. H.
name: Pacheco, T. A.
name: Bedin, L. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report our study of features at the observed red end of the white dwarf cooling sequences for three Galactic globular clusters: NGC\,6397, 47\,Tucanae and M\,4. We use deep colour-magnitude diagrams constructed from archival Hubble Space Telescope (ACS) to systematically investigate the blue turn at faint magnitudes and the age determinations for each cluster. We find that the age difference between NGC\,6397 and 47\,Tuc is 1.98$^{+0.44}_{-0.26}$\,Gyr, consistent with the picture that metal-rich halo clusters were formed later than metal-poor halo clusters. We self-consistently include the effect of metallicity on the progenitor age and the initial-to-final mass relation. In contrast with previous investigations that invoked a single white dwarf mass for each cluster, the data shows a spread of white dwarf masses that better reproduce the shape and location of the blue turn. This effect alone, however, does not completely reproduce the observational data - the blue turn retains some mystery. In this context, we discuss several other potential problems in the models. These include possible partial mixing of H and He in the atmosphere of white dwarf stars, the lack of a good physical description of the collision-induced absorption process and uncertainties in the opacities at low temperatures. The latter are already known to be significant in the description of the cool main sequence. Additionally, we find that the present day local mass function of NGC\,6397 is consistent with a top-heavy type, while 47\,Tuc presents a bottom-heavy profile.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS (16 pages, 19 figures)
Anisotropic de Gennes narrowing in confined fluids
Creators: name: Nygard, Kim
name: Buitenhuis, Johan
name: Kagias, Matias
name: Jefimovs, Konstantins
name: Zontone, Federico
name: Chushkin, Yuriy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The collective diffusion of dense fluids in spatial confinement was studied by combining high-energy (21 keV) x-ray photon correlation spectroscopy and small-angle x-ray scattering from colloid-filled microfluidic channels. We found the structural relaxation in confinement to be slower compared to bulk. The collective dynamics is wave vector dependent, akin to de Gennes narrowing typically observed in bulk fluids. However, in stark contrast to bulk, the structure factor and de Gennes narrowing in confinement are anisotropic. These experimental observations are essential in order to develop a microscopic theoretical description of collective diffusion of dense fluids in confined geometries.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures, accepted for publication in Phys Rev Lett
Understanding the interaction between energetic ions and freestanding graphene towards practical 2D perforation
Creators: name: Buchheim, Jakob
name: Wyss, Roman M.
name: Shorubalko, Ivan
name: Park, Hyung Gyu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report experimentally and theoretically the behavior of freestanding graphene subject to bombardment of energetic ions, investigating the ability of large-scale patterning of freestanding graphene with nanometer sized features by focused ion beam technology. A precise control over the He+ and Ga+ irradiation offered by focused ion beam techniques enables to investigate the interaction of the energetic particles and graphene suspended with no support and allows determining sputter yields of the 2D lattice. We find strong dependency of the 2D sputter yield on the species and kinetic energy of the incident ion beams. Freestanding graphene shows material semi-transparency to He+ at high energies (10-30 keV) allowing the passage of >97% He+ particles without creating destructive lattice vacancy. Large Ga+ ions (5-30 keV), in contrast, collide far more often with the graphene lattice to impart significantly higher sputter yield of ~50%. Binary collision theory applied to monolayer and few-layer graphene can successfully elucidate this collision mechanism, in great agreement with experiments. Raman spectroscopy analysis corroborates the passage of a large fraction of He+ ions across graphene without much damaging the lattice whereas several colliding ions create single vacancy defects. Physical understanding of the interaction between energetic particles and suspended graphene can practically lead to reproducible and efficient pattern generation of unprecedentedly small features on 2D materials by design, manifested by our perforation of sub-5-nm pore arrays. This capability of nanometer scale precision patterning of freestanding 2D lattices shows practical applicability of the focused ion beam technology to 2D material processing for device fabrication and integration.
description: 31 pages of main text (with 4 figures) plus 4 pages of supporting information (with 2 figures). Original article submitted to a journal for consideration for publication
Strictly Localized States on the Socolar Dodecagonal Lattice
Creators: name: Keskiner, M. Akif
name: Oktel, M. Ö
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Socolar dodecagonal lattice is a quasicrystal closely related to the better-known Ammann-Beenker and Penrose lattices. The cut and project method generates this twelve-fold rotationally symmetric lattice from the six-dimensional simple cubic lattice. We consider the vertex tight-binding model on this lattice and use the acceptance domains of the vertices in perpendicular space to count the frequency of strictly localized states. We numerically find that these states span $f_{\mathrm{Num}}\simeq 7.61$ \% of the Hilbert space. We give 18 independent localized state types and calculate their frequencies. These localized state types provide a lower bound of $f_{\mathrm{LS}} =\frac{10919-6304\sqrt{3}}{2} \simeq 0.075854$, accounting for more than $99 \%$ of the zero-energy manifold. Numerical evidence points to larger localized state types with smaller frequencies, similar to the Ammann-Beenker lattice. On the other hand, we find sites forbidden by local connectivity to host localized states. Forbidden sites do not exist for the Ammann-Beenker lattice but are common in the Penrose lattice. We find a lower bound of $f_{\mathrm{Forbid}}\simeq 0.038955$ for the frequency of forbidden sites. Finally, all the localized state types we find can be chosen to have constant density and alternating signs over their support, another feature shared with the Ammann-Beenker lattice.
description: 23 pages, 28 figures, published version
3D Analysis of Silicon Solar Cells for the Optimum Design of Concentration Devices
Creators: name: Daliento, S.
name: Mele, L.
name: Lancellotti, L.
name: Bobeico, E.
name: Formisano, F.
name: Fucci, R.
name: Morvillo, P.
name: Roca, F.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2008
Subjects: Wafer-Based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Mono- and Multicrystalline Silicon Cells and Materials, Processing Technology of

description: 23rd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition, 1-5 September 2008, Valencia, Spain; 1621-1624
description: Due to the improving costs of silicon ingots, light concentration is coming back as promising technology for the PV industry. Optical concentrators focus direct sunlight in order to increase the intensity of the radiation thus allowing the shrinking of the PV receiver whose area can be reduced accordingly to the concentration factor. Small cells geometry and high current densities, however, bring complex modelling problems whose analytical solution is very hard to gain. In this paper 3D modelling of concentrating cells has been performed by
means of the device simulator ATLAS. It was demonstrated that such an analysis is absolutely needed when concentration devices are concerned. Results helped us to considerably reduce the time to production of prototypes. Moreover we used simulation results as parameters extraction tool by comparing experimental results with expected ones.
Improved the Performance of Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells Using PVP as Filmogen
Creators: name: Zhang, X.
name: Ji, W.
name: Yang, Z.
name: Wei, C.
name: Zhao, Y.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2009
Subjects: Advanced Photovoltaics
Organic-based PV

description: 24th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference, 21-25 September 2009, Hamburg, Germany; 631-634
description: This paper investigated that composition of TiO2 paste will significantly affect the performance of dyesensitized
solar cells(DSCs).TiO2 paste was prepared using P25 powders and organic systems, which were used to
make TiO2 films as photo anode using doctor blade coating method. Here, poly-vinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) that is
different from the traditional ethyl cellulose (M70) was proposed as the new filmogen. It is found that the macro-and
micro-structure of TiO2 film using PVP as filmogen have been improved, which mainly influences TiO2 films
porosities, surface areas and dye adsorptions. PVP as filmogen is very suitable for the application in DSCs. Without
other conditions optimization, DSCs with 6.37% conversion efficiency (0.25cm2) have been prepared in certain PVP
content under the standard AM1.5 irradiation condition.
Minority Carrier Lifetime Monitoring in a Buried Contact Solar Cell Process Using Mc-Si
Creators: name: Raabe, B.
name: Peter, K.
name: Enabakk, E.
name: Hahn, G.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2008
Subjects: Wafer-Based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Mono- and Multicrystalline Silicon Cells and Materials, Processing Technology of

description: 23rd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition, 1-5 September 2008, Valencia, Spain; 1564-1567
description: The buried contact solar cell is produced in industry using monocrystalline silicon. The low shading losses and the selective emitter design can lead to high efficiencies. The buried contact solar cell process features two diffusion steps, one of them is a high temperature step at 950°C. Compared to a standard screen print process the hydrogen passivation scheme also differs. In this paper we investigate the evolution of minority carrier lifetime of
several multicrystalline silicon materials during processing and compare the final lifetime after the buried contact process to the final lifetime of a neighboring wafer after a standard screen print process. Solar grade feedstock (Elkem SoG) from a metallurgical process route produced by Elkem Solar AS has the potential for a reduction of costs per watt-peak in photovoltaics and is therefore in the focus of our investigation. The solar grade reference material “A” shows high lifetimes after a standard screen print process. In the buried contact process, lifetime drops after the high temperature POCl3 diffusion and can be recovered partly by hydrogenation. In Elkem SoG silicon wafers, the phosphorous gettering continues even in the high temperature POCl3 diffusion, resulting in high lifetimes also after the buried contact solar cell process.
Increased Fracture Risk After Bariatric Surgery: a Case-Controlled Study with a Long-Term Follow-Up
Creators: name: Alsaed, Omar Suhail
name: Al-Allaf, Abdul-Wahab
name: Elgenaied, Isra
name: Jebril, Rawand Abdelnaser
name: Sasi, Sreethish
name: Ahmed, Ashraf Omer
name: Boussarsar, Rabab
name: Ibrahim, Mohamed Izham Mohamed
name: Abdulmomen, Ibrahim
name: Elhag, Wahiba
name: Alemadi, Samar A. Al Razaq
Publisher: name: Manara - Qatar Research Repository
Year: 2022
Subjects: Medical biochemistry and metabolomics
Nutrition and dietetics

description: Purpose Bariatric surgeries are common procedures due to the high prevalence of obesity. This study aimed to investigate whether bariatric surgery increases fracture risk. Material and Methods It was a case-controlled study. Patients who underwent bariatric surgery during 2011 and 2012 were matched for age (± 5 years) and gender to patients on medical weight management during the same period with a ratio of 1:2. The index date was defined as the date of bariatric surgery for both groups. The subject’s electronic medical records were reviewed retrospectively to identify fractures documented by radiology during January 2020. Results Randomly selected 403 cases were matched to 806 controls with a median age of 36.0 years (IQR 14.0) and 37.0 years (IQR 14.0), respectively. Seventy per cent of the cohort were females. Eighty per cent received sleeve gastrectomy, and the remaining (17%) underwent gastric bypass. The mean duration of follow-up was 8.6 years. The fracture rate was higher in the surgical group as compared to the controls (9.4% vs 3.5%) with a crude odds ratio of 2.71 (95% CI 1.69–4.36). The median duration for time to fracture was 4.17 years for the surgical group and 6.09 years for controls (p-value = 0.097). The most common site of fractures was feet, followed by hands. Apart from a few wrist fractures, there was no typical osteoporotic sites fracture. Conclusion Subjects who underwent bariatric procedures had more non-typical osteoporotic site fractures affecting mainly feet and hands, and fractures tend to occur earlier as compared to controls.Other Information Published in: Obesity Surgery
 License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
See article on publisher's website: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11695-021-05655-9
Phosphorus Diffusion Through Spun-On and PECVD Dielectric Layers
Creators: name: Juverdeanu, P.
name: Janusonis, J.
name: Izzi, M.
name: Bukauskas, V.
name: Serenelli, L.
name: Ulbikas, J.
name: Galdikas, A.
name: Janusoniene, V.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2008
Subjects: Wafer-Based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Mono- and Multicrystalline Silicon Cells and Materials, Processing Technology of

description: 23rd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition, 1-5 September 2008, Valencia, Spain; 1357-1359
description: Conditions for the effective phosphorus diffusion through the spun-on sol-gel layers were investigated and the results are presented in this work. The n+ areas were doped to obtain sheet resistance as low as 10-20Ω/sq, and surface resistance of n area which was created underneath the barrier layer was in the interval 100-3000Ω/sq with respect to diffusion temperature, barrier material and thickness.
The Evolution of Technology: an Analysis on Subject Classes of Patents for Recognition of RFID Technology
Publisher: name: Iranian Research Institute for Information Science and Technology (IranDoc)
Year: 2017

description: The aim of the current research is the analysis of patent classes to recognize the subject areas of RFID technology. The research is a descriptive one and uses the clustering and the social network analysis techniques for data analysis. The research population consisted of 35, 627 patents that the term “RFID” or “Radio Frequency Identification” occurred in their abstracts or titles. Data analysis was performed through softwares like Excel, SPSS, NetDraw, and RavarMatrix. The findings showed that the growth of patents in the intended technology followed an exponential regression. The important subclasses were determined by two factors: number of years and frequency of use. It resulted in 803 important subclasses. The result of clustering for main classes also revealed that the RFID technology was associated with 31 subject areas. The axes or runts of these areas were Telecommunication and Electrical Communication. Social Network Analysis confirmed that the “Electrical Communication” have-had the most significant role for bridging other classes.
Engineering topological materials in microwave cavity arrays
Creators: name: Anderson, Brandon M.
name: Ma, Ruichao
name: Owens, Clai
name: Schuster, David I.
name: Simon, Jonathan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a scalable architecture for the exploration of interacting topological phases of photons in arrays of microwave cavities, using established techniques from cavity and circuit quantum electrodynamics. A time-reversal symmetry breaking (non-reciprocal) flux is induced by coupling the microwave cavities to ferrites, allowing for the production of a variety of topological band structures including the $α=1/4$ Hofstadter model. Effective photon-photon interactions are included by coupling the cavities to superconducting qubits, and are sufficient to produce a $ν=1/2$ bosonic Laughlin puddle. We demonstrate by exact diagonalization that this architecture is robust to experimentally achievable levels of disorder. These advances provide an exciting opportunity to employ the quantum circuit toolkit for the exploration of strongly interacting topological materials.
SiNx:H Passivation Effect on n-Type Multicrystalline Silicon Using RPECVD Technique
Creators: name: Maeda, S.
name: Suzuki, Y.
name: Dhamrin, M.
name: Suda, M.
name: Kamisako, K.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2008
Subjects: Wafer-Based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Mono- and Multicrystalline Silicon Cells and Materials, Processing Technology of

description: 23rd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition, 1-5 September 2008, Valencia, Spain; 1572-1575
description: Hydrogenated silicon nitride (SiNx:H) films are widely used for antireflection coating and passivation films for crystalline silicon solar cells. In this work, the passivation effects of SiNx:H films deposition on n+/n/n+ structure using RPECVD technique on wafers cut from two different types of multicrystalline silicon ingots are investigated and compared with thermally grown SiO2 passivation films. SiNx:H passivation has superior effects over
SiO2 passivation films. Thermal annealing is performed after SiNx:H deposition to investigate its influence on bulk properties. The effective carrier lifetimes were stable in spite of the hydrogen atoms release from the SiNx:H films and decrease of the fixed charge density of the films. A weaker thermal annealing affect on n+/n/n+ field passivated wafers is observed.
Information Architecture and its Implementation in Library Integrated Systems: a Case Study of Information Center Integrated System of Ferdowsi University of Mashhad (ICIS-FUM)
Publisher: name: Iranian Research Institute for Information Science and Technology (IranDoc)
Year: 2017

description: As means of user access to information and knowledge, library information systems have an essential role in information and knowledge optimization and efficiency. Information architecture and its correct implementation might help to accomplish this goal. With regard to IA principles, the purpose of this research is the case study of information systems of Ferdowsi University of Mashhad. Research methodology is qualitative analysis of descriptive type. The findings show that IA of information systems should be designed based on users’ needs and their behavior interacting with IS. IS might accomplish these goals considering infrastructures. This study has focused on the context (technical infrastructure) one of the IA principles.
Numerical solution of parabolic problems based on a weak space-time formulation
Creators: name: Larsson, Stig
name: Molteni, Matteo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 65M15, 65M60

description: We investigate a weak space-time formulation of the heat equation and its use for the construction of a numerical scheme. The formulation is based on a known weak space-time formulation, with the difference that a pointwise component of the solution, which in other works is usually neglected, is now kept. We investigate the role of such a component by first using it to obtain a pointwise bound on the solution and then deploying it to construct a numerical scheme. The scheme obtained, besides being quasi-optimal in the $L^2$ sense, is also pointwise superconvergent in the temporal nodes. We prove a priori error estimates and we present numerical experiments to empirically support our findings.
description: 23 pages, 8 figures
Performance Degradation of Dye Solar Cells on Flexible Stainless Steel Substrates
Creators: name: Miettunen, K.
name: Halme, J.
name: Saukkonen, T.
name: Peltola, T.
name: Toivola, M.
name: Lund, P.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2009
Subjects: Advanced Photovoltaics
Organic-based PV

description: 24th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference, 21-25 September 2009, Hamburg, Germany; 647-649
description: The aging of dye solar cell with stainless steel (StS) as counter electrode (CE) substrate under 1 sun
illumination was investigated. The StS CE cells experienced a complete loss of performance after one week which
was accompanied by visual changes in the cells. The aged cells were examined with scanning electron microscopy
(SEM) and the analysis revealed multiple physical changes in the StS CE cells, such as formation of pit holes on the
StS substrate. The aging was linked to the corrosion of the StS CE substrate by the tri-iodide in the electrolyte
Durability of Cardiometabolic Outcomes Among Adolescents After Sleeve Gastrectomy: First Study with 9-Year Follow-up
Creators: name: Elhag, Wahiba
name: El Ansari, Walid
Publisher: name: Manara - Qatar Research Repository
Year: 2022
Subjects: Medical biochemistry and metabolomics
Nutrition and dietetics

description: Background Long-term durability of weight loss and comorbidity resolution beyond 7 years after laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) among adolescents is completely lacking. Methods Retrospective review of adolescents aged ≤ 18 years who underwent primary LSG at our institution between 2011 and 2015 (N = 146). We assessed anthropometric and cardiometabolic outcomes at 1, 3, 5, 7, and 9 years. Results Follow-up rates were 57.53%, 82.87%, 85.24%, 83.92%, and 83.33% at the five time points. The preoperative mean body mass index (BMI) (45.60 ± 6.50 kg/m2) decreased at year 1 (30.04 ± 4.96 kg/m2, P=0.001) and was maintained up to 9 years (30.20 ± 3.92 kg/m2, P = 0.001). Remission rates were triglycerides, 100% (11/11) at 5 years, and 100% (1/1) at 9 years; high density lipoprotein, 89.4% (17/19) at 5 years, and 100% (3/3) at 7 years; low density lipoprotein, 71.4% (11/14) and 100% (3/3) at 5 and 7 years; total cholesterol, 70% (7/10) at 5 years, and 100% (2/2) at 9 years; uric acid, 100% (3/3) at 5 years. Remission of liver enzymes was 84.6–100% (22/26–2/2) at 5–9 years. Prediabetes remission was 87.5% (14/16 and 7/8) at 5 and 7 years and 100% (3/3) at year 9. Type 2 diabetes complete remission was 50% (3/6, 1/2) at years 5 and 7, with all cases resolved at 9 years. The only case of hypertension completely resolved. Conclusions LSG achieved substantial weight loss and remission of cardiometabolic risk factors that were sustained on the long term. This is the first study among adolescents to assess such outcomes beyond 7 years.Other Information Published in: Obesity Surgery
 License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
See article on publisher's website: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11695-021-05364-3
PV Market of Japan, Rising Again with the New Support Framework
Creators: name: Ikki, O.
name: Kaizuka, I.
name: Ohigashi, T.
name: Matsukawa, H.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2009
Subjects: PV Deployment
Markets for PV Systems

description: 24th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference, 21-25 September 2009, Hamburg, Germany; 4382-4386
description: It is expected that Japan’s PV market will be revitalized again from 2009 as a new national target for
PV capacity was set and new support framework for introduction of PV system has started. In July 2008, the cabinet
announced “the Action Plan to Create a Low-carbon Society”. This Plan widely covers specific targets and measures
regarding innovative technological development, dissemination of existing advanced technologies, and establishment
of a framework to transform the entire nation into a low-carbon society. As for PV power generation, the national
target was set; increasing introduction volume of PV power generation by 10 times (to 14 GW) by 2020 and by 40
times (to 53 GW) by 2030 from the current levels. Moreover, the government raised the target capacity to 28 GW by
2020 under the J-Recovery Plan formulated in April 2009. Corresponding to this target, the Ministry of Economy,
Trade and Industry (METI) started new subsidy program for residential PV system and decided to oblige utilities to
purchase excess PV power at the double amount of the electricity charge. Other ministries and agencies also
announced the new efforts to achieve the target through “the Action plan to disseminate PV power generation” in
order to jointly promote PV power. The PV industry in Japan will contribute to further introduction of PV power
generation through reinforcing industry structure, enhancement of the production capacity and technological
developments aiming at cost reduction. Moreover, electric utility companies decided to promote the construction of
PV power plants including MW-level PV power plants. This paper reviews the entire picture of the new
dissemination framework of PV system in Japan, in which, national and local governments, utilities, the PV industry,
end-users and other related sectors are working on and the current status and future prospects of PV market in Japan.
Analytic Review of Digital Libraries’ Evaluation and Success Models
Publisher: name: Iranian Research Institute for Information Science and Technology (IranDoc)
Year: 2017

description: : This paper discusses the dominant models of a broader field of success and evaluation of digital libraries and seeks the relationship between the models and their origins. The main objectives of the paper are recognizing digital libraries’ key success and evaluation models, holistic representation of the links between DLs’ evaluation and success models and frameworks in a unique window, and introducing the applicaton of management success models in DLs’ success models as a conceptual model for future research.  For this purpose, first the importance of DLs and theoretical framework of the paper is set forth. Data gathering was carried out by search and retrieval tools like specific databases and search engines. Evaluation of the paper by referring to their citations in google scholar lead to selection of 25 papers from 144 retrieved ones.Then the fundamental DL models are discussed as constructs. After that, the management models that are adopted for construction of DLs evaluation and success models are briefly introduced and in a next part, the relationship between the fundamental models and DLs success and evaluation models are analyzed using a map of their relationships. In part discussion and conclusion, three categories of librarians’ practical perspective, computer experts’ research perspective and management models’ conceptual lens are introduced. This paper also predicts that the conceptual lens of management models will add value to DLs’ success models in the future. The paper recommends the adoption of institutionalization theory for the future research opportunities.