cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Ferromagnetism in Co7(TeO3)4Br6: A byproduct of complex antiferromagnetic order and single-ion anisotropy
Creators: name: Prester, M.
name: Zivkovic, I.
name: Zaharko, O.
name: Pajic, D.
name: Tregenna-Piggott, P.
name: Berger, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Pronounced anisotropy of magnetic properties and complex magnetic order of a new oxi-halide compound Co7(TeO3)4Br6 has been investigated by powder and single crystal neutron diffraction, magnetization and ac susceptibility techniques. Anisotropy of susceptibility extends far into the paramagnetic temperature range. A principal source of anisotropy are anisotropic properties of the involved octahedrally coordinated single Co(2+) ions, as confirmed by angular-overlap-model calculations presented in this work. Incommensurate antiferromagnetic order sets in at TN=34 K. Propagation vector is strongly temperature dependent reaching k1=(0.9458(6), 0, 0.6026(5)) at 30 K. A transition to a ferrimagnetic structure with k2=0 takes place at TC=27 K. Magnetically ordered phase is characterized by very unusual anisotropy as well: while M-H scans along b-axis reveals spectacularly rectangular but otherwise standard ferromagnetic hysteresis loops, M-H studies along other two principal axes are perfectly reversible, revealing very sharp spin flop (or spin flip) transitions, like in a standard antiferromagnet (or metamagnet). Altogether, the observed magnetic phenomenology is interpreted as an evidence of competing magnetic interactions permeating the system, first of all of the single ion anisotropy energy and the exchange interactions. Different coordinations of the Co(2+)-ions involved in the low-symmetry C2/c structure of Co7(TeO3)4Br6 render the exchange-interaction network very complex by itself. Temperature dependent changes in the magnetic structure, together with an abrupt emergence of a ferromagnetic component, are ascribed to continual spin reorientations described by a multi-component, but yet unknown, spin Hamiltonian.
description: 12 pages, 13 figures; submitted to PRB
A NICER look at thermonuclear X-ray bursts from Aql X-1
Creators: name: Guver, Tolga
name: Boztepe, Tugba
name: Ballantyne, David R.
name: Bostanci, Z. Funda
name: Bult, Peter
name: Jaisawal, Gaurava K.
name: Gogus, Ersin
name: Strohmayer, Tod E.
name: Altamirano, Diego
name: Guillot, Sebastien
name: Chakrabarty, Deepto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present spectral and temporal properties of all the thermonuclear X-ray bursts observed from Aql X-1 by the Neutron Star Interior and Composition Explorer (NICER) between 2017 July and 2021 April. This is the first systematic investigation of a large sample of type I X-ray bursts from Aql X-1 with improved sensitivity at low energies. We detect 22 X-ray bursts including two short recurrence burst events in which the separation was only 451 s and 496 s. We perform time resolved spectroscopy of the bursts using the fixed and scaled background (f_a method) approaches. We show that the use of a scaling factor to the pre-burst emission is the statistically preferred model in about 68% of all the spectra compared to the fixed background approach. Typically the f_a values are clustered around 1-3, but can reach up to 11 in a burst where photospheric radius expansion is observed. Such f_a values indicate a very significant increase in the pre-burst emission especially at around the peak flux moments of the bursts. We show that the use of the f_a factor alters the best fit spectral parameters of the burst emission. Finally, we employed a reflection model instead of scaling the pre-burst emission. We show that reflection models also do fit the spectra and improve the goodness of the fits. In all cases we see that the disc is highly ionized by the burst emission and the fraction of the reprocessed emission to the incident burst flux is typically clustered around 20%.
description: Accepted for publication in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
title: Estudio de imagen del trasplante meniscal.
Creators: name: Klein, Lea
Publisher: name: Sociedad Española de Radiología Médica
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: MR
subject: Trauma
subject: Extremities
subject: Musculoskeletal joint
subject: Conventional radiography
subject: Surgery
subject: Arthrography
subject: Complications
subject: Transplantation
subject: Grafts

description: Objetivos
Material y método
Resultados
Conclusiones
Bibliografía
description: Objetivos:
El trasplante meniscal se ha propuesto para el alivio sintomático de pacientes jóvenes conpatología meniscal y para prevenir el riesgo de degeneración articular precoz. Repasamos las indicaciones,
técnicas y complicaciones de este procedimiento...
Junction conditions for generalized hybrid metric-Palatini gravity with applications
Creators: name: Rosa, João Luís
name: Lemos, José P. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The generalized hybrid metric-Palatini gravity is a theory of gravitation that has an action composed of a Lagrangian $f(R,\cal R)$, where $f$ is a function of the metric Ricci scalar $R$ and a new Ricci scalar $\cal R$ formed from a Palatini connection, plus a matter Lagrangian. This theory can be rewritten by trading the new geometric degrees of freedom of $f(R,\cal R)$ into two scalar fields, $φ$ and $ψ$, yielding an equivalent scalar-tensor theory. Given a spacetime theory, the next step is to find solutions. To construct solutions it is often necessary to know the junction conditions between two regions at a separation hypersurface $Σ$, with each region being an independent solution. The junction conditions for the generalized hybrid metric-Palatini gravity are found here, in the geometric and in the scalar-tensor representations, and in addition, for each representation, the junction conditions for a matching with a thin-shell and for a smooth matching at $Σ$ are worked out. These junction conditions are applied to three configurations, a star, a quasistar with a black hole, and a wormhole. The star has a Minkowski interior, a thin shell at the interface with all the energy conditions being satisfied, and a Schwarzschild exterior with mass $M$, and for this theory the matching can only be performed at the shell radius given by $r_Σ=\frac{9M}4$, the Buchdahl radius in general relativity. The quasistar with a black hole has an interior Schwarzschild black hole surrounded by a thick shell that matches smoothly to a mass $M$ Schwarzschild exterior at the light ring, and with the energy conditions being satisfied everywhere. The wormhole has an interior that contains the throat, a thin shell at the interface, and a Schwarzschild-AdS exterior with mass $M$ and negative cosmological constant $Λ$, with the null energy condition being obeyed.
description: 26 pages, 3 figures
Essays in Employee Evaluation and Compensation: Evidence from Educators
Creators: name: Morgan, Andrew J
Publisher: name: University of Illinois at Chicago
Year: 2021
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: This dissertation investigates three topics in employee evaluation and compensation, with a focus on educators. The first chapter investigates the use of high-stakes subjective employee evaluations in teaching and the determinants behind the way in which supervisors assign these ratings. I find that classroom observations of teaching remain relatively predictive of teacher effectiveness when the stakes are high, but supervisor assignment behavior is difficult to influence. Principals also appear to take into account the financial well-being of their teachers when assigning these ratings, and I find evidence that repeat observations by the same supervisor tends to increase subjective ratings. The second chapter investigates the efficacy of a program in which teachers were paid substantially more to teach in a set of chronically lower-performing schools in a large, urban school district in the United States. We find that more effective educators moved into these schools, and teacher effectiveness remained high for the duration of the program. Student achievement subsequently increased as well, but there is some evidence that achievement fell after the program ended. The third chapter investigates the extent to which principals influence their students' later life outcomes. We find that elementary school principals in the Chicago Public Schools and middle school principals in Texas substantially vary in their value-added towards future cognitive and non-cognitive outcomes in high school, college attendance and persistence, and employment. Principals that are more effective on concurrent and future cognitive and non-cognitive outcomes are also generally more effective in their value-added to college attendance and persistence and post-high school employment.
OPTIMIZING MULTI-OBJECTIVE MULTI-INDEX TRANSPORTATION PROBLEMS: A SMART ALGORITHMIC SOLUTION WITH LINDO SOFTWARE
Creators: name: Ajjaz Maqbool Dar
name: K. Selvakumar
name: S. Ramki
name: K.M. Karuppasamy
name: Ansari, Jameel A.
name: Aafaq A. Rather
Publisher: name: Reliability: Theory & Applications
Year: 2023
Subjects: Fuzzy transportation problem (FTP)
Linear Programming Problem(LP P)
‘Multi-index transportation problem (MITP)

description: In the present paper, we create an algorithm to address the transportation problem with numerous objectives and indexes. The transportation problem exists when there are more supply points, more demand points, and various means of transportation are used to meet demand or when moving certain types of goods. The transportation problem may frequently be more complex than the typical form of transportation problem. We create a model that blends fuzzy multi-objective programming and the multiindex transportation problem‘ by using LINDO software to resolve all related problems. Additionally, the decision-maker may present a variety of data and it may be furt her improved. The new algorithm for addressing transport problems in fuzzy environments is demonstrated numerically.
On the asymptotic integration of a class of sublinear fractional differential equations
Creators: name: Mustafa, Octavian G.
name: Baleanu, Dumitru
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 45E10; 45M99

description: We estimate the growth in time of the solutions to a class of nonlinear fractional differential equations $D_{0+}^α(x-x_0) =f(t,x)$ which includes $D_{0+}^α(x-x_0) =H(t)x^λ$ with $λ\in(0,1)$ for the case of slowly-decaying coefficients $H$. The proof is based on the triple interpolation inequality on the real line and the growth estimate reads as $x(t)=o(t^{aα})$ when $t\to+\infty$ for $1>α>1-a>λ>0$. Our result can be thought of as a non--integer counterpart of the classical Bihari asymptotic integration result for nonlinear ordinary differential equations. By a carefully designed example we show that in some circumstances such an estimate is optimal.
title: Utilidad del TC en los Pseudoquistes Pancreáticos Sangrados
Creators: name: Abad Fernández, Cristina
Publisher: name: Sociedad Española de Radiología Médica
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Haemorrhage
subject: CT-Angiography
subject: CT
subject: Gastrointestinal tract
subject: Pancreas
subject: Abdomen

description: Objetivos
Material y método
Resultados
Conclusiones
Bibliografía
description: Objetivos:
El pseudoquiste pancreático es una colección líquida rica en enzimas proteolíticas,
rodeada de una pared de tejido fibroso,
que se puede producir tras un episodio de pancreatitis.
En el TC lo reconocemos como una colección homogénea...
Dynamic conductivity in graphene beyond linear response
Creators: name: Mishchenko, E. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The independence of the dynamic conductivity of intrinsic graphene of frequency takes its origin in the compensation of the vanishing density of states by the diverging matrix element of the corresponding interband transition. The applicability of the linear response approach, however, breaks down when this matrix element becomes comparable with the inverse electron lifetime. We show that the physics of the ac conductivity in this regime is determined by Rabi oscillations and obtain it beyond the first order perturbation theory. Under strong applied electric fields the induced current eventually saturates at a value determined by the frequency and the lifetime. We also calculate the electromagnetic response of a graphene sheet and find that the optical transparency is increased by the non-linear effects and make experimental predictions.
description: 4.1 pages, 2 figures; published version
title: Guía sencilla para detectar y saber informar las MAVS detectadas en el angio TC/angio RM de la guardia.
Creators: name: Torres Diez, Eduardo
Publisher: name: Sociedad Española de Radiología Médica
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Neuroradiology brain
subject: CT-Angiography
subject: MR-Angiography
subject: Education
subject: Arteriovenous malformations
subject: Haemorrhage

description: Objetivo docente
Revisión del tema
Conclusiones
Bibliografía
description: Objetivo docente:
OBJETIVOS: -Reconocer la presencia de una MAV como causa subyacente de hemorragia intracraneal. -Valorar las formas de presentación clínica y hallazgos radiológicos más frecuentes,
haciendo especial hincapié en el angioTC realizado de...
The World’s Edge: Imperial Writing and Literary Style
Creators: name: Ryan, Robert Cashin
Publisher: name: University of Illinois at Chicago
Year: 2021
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Reading a range of novels that appeared between the late nineteenth and early-twentieth centuries, I argue that imperial history does not and cannot exhaust the literary object. Rather, the literary object encodes that history differently than other rhetorical forms — along different contours and with different emphases — and therefore sharply arrays the myriad contradictions and entanglements of our modernity. This difference, though, is discernible only through close attention to the formal constitution of the works themselves. I trace the novel through a particularly fecund period of its development: the passage from British to American empire between 1850-1920
PARAMETER ESTIMATION OF SCALE MUTH DISTRIBUTION(SMD) UNDER TYPE-1 CENSORING USING CLASSICAL AND BAYESIAN APPROACHES
Creators: name: Saroj, Agni
name: Sonker, Prashant K.
name: Kumari, Shalini
name: Ranjan, Rakesh
name: Kumar, Mukesh
Publisher: name: Reliability: Theory & Applications
Year: 2023
Subjects: Scale Muth distribution
type-I censoring
classical approach
Bayesian approach
real data analysis

description: The lifetime distributions are used to understand and explain the real life circumstances in various fields (medical, engineering, etc.). Many times it is very tough task to complete an experiment with complete data due to lack of time, money or some other factors and get the data in incomplete form. to draw the information from such type of data (incomplete data), we use some censoring techniques. In the field of statistics, there are several censoring techniques available where type-I censoring is most commonly used due to its simplicity. In this article, the scale Muth distribution (SMD) is considered as a lifetime distribution under type-I censoring scheme. The parameter estimation has been done by classical as well as Bayesian approach. Under the classical paradigm, two most popular methods were used maximum likelihood estimation (MLE) and the maximum product of spacing estimation (MPSE). And under the Bayesian paradigm, we used the informative priors for each parameter and obtained the estimates by considering the squared error loss function using an approximation method, Metropolis Hasting (MH) algorithm. The performance of each estimator is evaluated by their mean squared error or simulated risk. Also, a real data set is used to illustrate the real phenomena and to estimate the parameter using above-mentioned techniques under type-I censoring scheme.
On Representations of General Linear Groups over Principal Ideal Local Rings of Length Two
Creators: name: Singla, Pooja
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 20G25

description: We study the irreducible complex representations of general linear groups over principal ideal local rings of length two with a fixed finite residue field. We construct a canonical correspondence between the irreducible representations of all such groups which preserves dimensions. For general linear groups of order three and four over these rings, we construct all the irreducible representations. We show that the the problem of constructing all the irreducible representations of all general linear groups over these rings is not easier than the problem of constructing all the irreducible representations of the general linear groups over principal ideal local rings of arbitrary length in the function field case.
description: 21 pages
PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS OF BULK ARRIVAL GENERAL SERVICE QUEUE WITH FEEDBACK, IMPATIENT CUSTOMERS AND SECOND OPTIONAL SERVICE
Creators: name: P. Vijaya Laxmi
name: Qrewi, Hasan A.
name: E. Girija Bhavani
Publisher: name: Reliability: Theory & Applications
Year: 2023
Subjects: Batch arrival
Steady State
Non Markovian
Feedback
Balking
Reneging
First essential service
Second optional service
Queue

description: This paper analyzes the steady state behavior of batch arrival non-Markovian service queue with feedback, balking, reneging, and second optional service (SOS). The steady-state probabilities are computed using the probability generating function. After completing the first essential service (FES), if a customer is unsatisfied with it, he may choose to rejoin the system (feedback), opt for the SOS, or depart from the system with specific probabilities. Once a customer arrives, he decides immediately to join the queue or refuses to join (balking). Furthermore, after joining the queue if a customer does not get service within a specific time, may become impatient, and decide to leave the line without getting any service (reneging). Reneging time follows exponential distribution while service time (FES and SOS) follow general distribution. Also, the cost model was presented to determine the optimal service rates to minimize the expected cost. Finally, various performance measures and numerical illustrations are provided.
Renormalization constants of quark bilinear operators in QCD with dynamical up, down, strange and charm quarks
Creators: name: Di Carlo, Matteo
name: Constantinou, Martha
name: Dimopoulos, Petros
name: Frezzotti, Roberto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present preliminary results of a calculation of the QCD renormalization constants (RCs) for quark bilinear operators, evaluated non-perturbatively on the lattice in the RI'-MOM scheme. The calculation is performed by using dedicated ensembles with $N_f=4$ degenerate dynamical twisted mass (clover) fermions and the Iwasaki gauge action. A detailed analysis is reported, with emphasis on the control or subtraction of the hadronic contaminations occurring in the lattice estimators of RCs and a check of proper scaling with $a^2$ of the final results. Such a careful study of systematic errors is the counterpart of the high statistical precision reached by current calculations of RCs in the RI'-MOM scheme and is important in order to quote accurate results in phenomenological applications, such as the computation of quark masses.
description: 10 pages, 6 figures, 3 tables. Talk given at the 38th International Symposium on Lattice Field Theory (LATTICE2021)
PERFORMANCE CHARACTERIZATION OF TWO-SERVER BATCH SERVICE QUEUE WITH SECOND OPTIONAL SERVICE
Creators: name: Andwilile Abrahamu George
name: P. Vijaya Laxmi
Publisher: name: Reliability: Theory & Applications
Year: 2023
Subjects: Two-server
Batch service queue
First essential service
Second optional service

description: In this paper, we analyze the performance of a finite capacity two-server Markovian batch service queueing model with second optional service. The servers provide two kinds of services, the first essential service (FES), which is provided to all incoming customers and the second optional service (SOS) to those who demand it after completing FES. The service times of the two servers are identical and are exponentially distributed. Matrix-decomposition method is used to obtain the steady-state probabilities of the model. Numerical results and discussion are presented to demonstrate the impact of the model parameters on the system behavior. Furthermore, the cost model optimization is developed to determine the optimal service rates using the Quasi-Newton method to minimize the expected cost. Finally, the findings of this work show that the blocking probability is monotonically decreases as finite buffer size increases and approaches its minimum value of zero when finite buffer is sufficiently large.
Difference methods for ordinary differential equations with applications to parabolic equations
Creators: name: Doedel, Eusebius Jacobus
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: The first chapter of the thesis is concerned with the construction of finite difference approximations to boundary value problems in linear nth order ordinary differential equations. This construction is based upon a local collocation procedure with polynomials, which is equivalent to a method of undetermined coefficients. It is shown that the coefficients of these finite difference approximations can be expressed as the determinants of matrices of relatively small dimension. A basic theorem states that these approximations are consistent, provided only that a certain normalization factor does not vanish. This is the case for compact difference equations and for difference equations with only one collocation point. The order of consistency may be improved by suitable choice of the collocation points. Several examples of known, as well as new difference approximations are given. Approximations to boundary conditions are also treated in detail. The stability theory of H. O. Kreiss is applied to investigate the stability of finite difference schemes based upon these approximations. A number of numerical examples are also given. In the second chapter it is shown how the construction method of the first chapter can be extended to initial value problems for systems of linear first order ordinary differential equations. Specific examples are 'included and the well-known stability theory for these difference equations is summarized. It is then shown how these difference methods may be applied to linear parabolic partial differential equations in one space variable after first discretizing in space by a suitable method from the first chapter. The stability of such difference schemes for parabolic equations is investigated using an eigenvalue-eigenvector analysis. In particular, the effect of various approximations to the boundary conditions is considered. The relation of this analysis to the stability theory of J. M. Varah is indicated. Numerical examples are also included.
Network Based Sampling for Time Series Classification
Creators: name: Harford, Samuel T
Publisher: name: University of Illinois at Chicago
Year: 2021
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: A time series is an ordered collection of data points collected by observers or sensing devices. Time series classification aims to label time series instances based on previously seen examples. The two primary goals of time series classification are to obtain highly accurate results while reducing the time of calculations. 1-Nearest-Neighbor Dynamic Time Warping (1-NN DTW) is the most widely used classification method on time series and serves as a benchmark when compared to emerging techniques. Several studies have shown that for the task of time series classification, 1-NN DTW is hard to beat with respects to both goals. Although 1-NN DTW achieves accurate results, it comes with a high cost of processing. With the increased need for machine learning based algorithms to run on edge devices (low capacity), there is a need to reduce the processing requirements of classification algorithms. The focus of this dissertation is to reduce the processing time of time series classification algorithms. This is achieved through a method called Network Based Sampling (NBS), which limits the number of training examples used to classify each instance. Network Based Sampling is a preprocessing attachment that can be used in conjugation with any classification algorithm. NBS works by analyzing the training data of a time series classification problem to rank each training instance. The ranking process first generates a network of all training instances based on their class labels and Euclidean distances to each other. Then the most prominent instances are determined through an analysis of the network connections. From this network, the training set is sampled from based on a percentage specified by the user that corresponds to the average time savings. The effectiveness of NBS is tested as an attachment on 1-NN DTW time series classification. The 85 time series benchmarks from the University of California, Riverside (UCR) archive is used as a source of data for classification evaluation.
The steady-state hydrodynamics of a long-lived disc: planetary system architecture and prospects of observing a circumplanetary disc shadow in V4046$\,$Sgr
Creators: name: Weber, Philipp
name: Casassus, Simon
name: Pérez, Sebastián
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent imaging of the disc around the V4046$\,$Sgr spectroscopic binary revealed concentric regions of dust rings and gaps. The object's proximity and expected equilibrated state due to its old age (>20$\,$Myr) make it a superb testbed for hydrodynamical studies in direct comparison to observations. We employ two-dimensional hydrodynamical simulations of gas and multiple dust species to test whether the observed structure conforms with the presence of giant planets embedded in the disc. We then perform radiative transfer calculations of sky images, which we filter for the telescope response for comparison with near-infrared and millimetre observations. We find that the existing data are in excellent agreement with a flared disc and the presence of two giant planets, at 9$\,$au and 20$\,$au, respectively. The different ring widths are recovered by diffusion-balanced dust trapping within the gas pressure maxima. In our radiative transfer model, the diffusion in vertical direction is reduced in comparison to the radial value by a factor of five to recover the spectral energy distribution. Further, we report a previously unaddressed, azimuthally-confined intensity decrement on the bright inner ring in the near-infrared scattered light observation. Our model shows that this decrement can be explained by a shadow cast by a circumplanetary disc around the same giant planet that creates the inner cavity in the hydrodynamical simulations. We examine the shape of the intensity indentation and discuss the potential characterisation of a giant planet and its associated disc by its projected shadow in scattered light observations.
description: 15 pages, 13 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Simultaneously optimizing the interdependent thermoelectric parameters in Ce(Ni$_{1-x}$Cu$_x$)$_2$Al$_3$
Creators: name: Sun, Peijie
name: Ikeno, Tusyoshi
name: Mizushima, Toshio
name: Isikawa, Yosikazu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Substitution of Cu for Ni in the Kondo lattice system CeNi$_2$Al$_3$ results in a simultaneous optimization of the three interdependent thermoelectric parameters: thermoelectric power, electrical and thermal conductivities, where the electronic change in conduction band induced by the extra electron of Cu is shown to be crucial. The obtained thermoelectric figure of merit $zT$ amounts to 0.125 at around 100 K, comparable to the best values known for Kondo compounds. The realization of ideal thermoelectric optimization in Ce(Ni$_{1-x}$Cu$_x$)$_2$Al$_3$ indicates that proper electronic tuning of Kondo compounds is a promising approach to efficient thermoelectric materials for cryogenic application.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures. Accepted for publication in Physical Review B
title: Zurn, Christopher F.: Splitsville USA. A Democratic Argument for Breaking Up the United States, 228 S., Routledge, London/New York 2023.
Creators: name: Jörke, Dirk
Publisher: name: Springer VS
Year: 2025

description: Die USA betrachten sich als älteste moderne Demokratie. Doch es mehren sich auch zunehmend die Zeichen, dass deren demokratische Substanz weitgehend erodiert ist. Die Polarisierung zwischen den beiden politischen Lagern hat Ausmaße angenommen, die eine Kompromissfindung nahezu unmöglich machen. Zugleich gerät auch eine, wenn nicht die Grundvoraussetzung demokratischen Regierens, nämlich die Akzeptanz der temporären Niederlage bei Abstimmung und Wahlen, ins Wanken. Wie Christopher F. Zurn in seinem hier zu besprechenden Buch aufzeigt, stellt die bis heute andauernde Leugnung der Wahlergebnisse bei der Präsidentschaftswahl 2020 und nicht zuletzt die versuchte Erstürmung des Kapitols am 6. Januar 2021 durch Anhänger des unterlegenen Bewerbers dabei nur den Höhepunkt einer grundlegenden Akzeptanzkrise der demokratischen Spielregeln dar – und zwar sowohl aufseiten der Republikaner als auch seitens der Demokraten.
Electronic Phase Separation Transition as the Origin of the Superconductivity and the Pseudogap Phase of Cuprates
Creators: name: de Mello, E. V. L
name: Kasal, R. B.
name: Filho, Otton S. T.
name: Passos, C. A. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a new phase of matter, an electronic phase separation transition that starts near the upper pseudogap and segregates the holes into high and low density domains. The Cahn-Hilliard approach is used to follow quantitatively this second order transition. The resulting grain boundary potential confines the charge in domains and favors the development of intragrain superconducting amplitudes. The zero resistivity transition arises only when the intergrain Josephson coupling $E_J$ is of the order of the thermal energy and phase locking among the superconducting grains takes place. We show that this approach explains the pseudogap and superconducting phases in a natural way and reproduces some recent scanning tunneling microscopy data
description: 4 pages and 5 eps figs
POWER KOMAL DISTRIBUTION WITH PROPERTIES AND APPLICATION IN RELIABILITY ENGINEERING
Creators: name: Shanker, Rama
name: Mousumi Ray
name: Hosenur Rahman Prodhani
Publisher: name: Reliability: Theory & Applications
Year: 2023
Subjects: Komal distribution
Descriptive measures
Reliability properties
Maximum likelihood estimation
Application

description: The statistical analysis and modeling of reliability data from engineering is really a challenge for statistician because the reliability data from engineering are stochastic in nature. Recently one parameter Komal distribution was introduced in statistics literature for the analysis and modeling of failure time data from engineering. Komal distribution, being one parameter distribution, does not provide good fit to some engineering data due to its theoretical or applied point of view. In this article we propose a two-parameter power Komal distribution, which includes Komal distribution as particular case, for the analysis and modeling of data from reliability engineering. Its statistical properties including behavior of probability density function and cumulative distribution function for varying values of parameters have been presented. The first four raw moments and the variance of the proposed distribution has been derived and given. The expressions for hazard rate function and mean residual life function have been obtained and their behaviors for varying values of parameters have been presented. The stochastic ordering which is very much useful comparing the stochastic nature has also been discussed. Method of maximum likelihood has been discussed for estimating the parameters. Application of the distribution has been investigated using a real lifetime dataset from engineering. The goodness of fit of power Komal distribution has been tested using Akaike Information criterion and Kolmogorov-Smirnov statistic. The goodness of fit of power Komal distribution shows that it gives much closure fit over two-parameter power Garima distribution, Power Shanker distribution and Weibull distribution and one parameter exponential distribution, Shanker distribution, Garima distribution and Komal distribution. As the power Komal distribution gives much better fit over Weibull distribution, which is very much useful for modeling and analysis of data from reliability engineering, the final recommendation is that the power Komal distribution should be preferred over the considered distributions including Weibull for modeling data from reliability engineering.
Integral state-feedback control of linear time-varying systems: A performance preserving approach
Creators: name: Seeber, Richard
name: Tranninger, Markus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: An integral extension of state-feedback controllers for linear time-varying plants is proposed, which preserves performance of the nominal controller in the unperturbed case. Similar to time-invariant state feedback with integral action, the controller achieves complete rejection of disturbances whose effective action on the plant is constant with respect to the control input. Moreover, bounded-input bounded-state stability with respect to arbitrary disturbances is shown. A modification for preventing controller windup as well as tuning guidelines are discussed. The efficacy of the proposed technique is demonstrated in simulation for a two-tank system that is linearized along a time-varying reference trajectory.
POWER WEIBULL QUANTILE FUNCTION AND IT’S RELIABILITY ANALYSIS
Creators: name: Jeena Joseph
name: Sonitta Tony
Publisher: name: Reliability: Theory & Applications
Year: 2023
Subjects: Power distribution
Weibull distribution
L-moments
Hazard quantile function
Mean residual quantile function
Residual variance quantile function
Reversed hazard quantile function

description: In this article, we propose a new class of distributions defined by a quantile function, which is the sum of the quantile functions of the Power and Weibull distributions. Various distributional properties and reliability characteristics of the class are discussed. To examine the usefulness of the model, the model is applied to a real life datasets. Parameters are estimated using maximum likelihood estimation technique.
Accelerating Dust Temperature Calculations with Graphics Processing Units
Creators: name: Jonsson, Patrik
name: Primack, Joel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: When calculating the infrared spectral energy distributions (SEDs) of galaxies in radiation-transfer models, the calculation of dust grain temperatures is generally the most time-consuming part of the calculation. Because of its highly parallel nature, this calculation is perfectly suited for massively parallel general-purpose Graphics Processing Units (GPUs). This paper presents an implementation of the calculation of dust grain equilibrium temperatures on GPUs in the Monte-Carlo radiation transfer code Sunrise, using the CUDA API. The GPU can perform this calculation 69 times faster than the 8 CPU cores, showing great potential for accelerating calculations of galaxy SEDs.
description: 7 pages, 2 figures, accepted to New Astronomy. Minor updates to text and performance based on feedback from referee
PRICE RISK ANALYSIS USING GARCH FAMILY MODELS: EVIDENCE FROM INDIAN NATIONAL STOCK EXCHANGE FUTURE MARKET
Creators: name: M. Valavan
name: Uddin, Mohammed Ahmar
name: S. Rita
Publisher: name: Reliability: Theory & Applications
Year: 2023
Subjects: time-varying volatility
NSE index
bootstrap simulation
GARCH-type models

description: The prediction of time-varying volatility plays an important role in financial data. In the paper, a comprehensive analysis of the mean return and conditional variance of NSE index is performed to use GARCH, EGARCH and TGARCH models with Normal innovation and Student’s t innovation. Conducting a bootstrap simulation study which shows the Model Confidence Set (MCS) captures the superior models across a range of significance levels. The experimental results show that, under various loss functions, the GARCH using Student’s t innovation model is the best model for volatility predictions of NSE among the six models.
PREDICTION OF RELIABILITY CHARACTERISTICS OF THRESHER PLANT BASIS ON GENERAL AND COPULA DISTRIBUTION
Creators: name: , Urvashi
name: Bansal, Shikha
Publisher: name: Reliability: Theory & Applications
Year: 2023
Subjects: Reliability
MTTF
sensitivity analysis
copula and general distribution
availability
profit

description: In the agriculture field industry, farming tools play an important role. Any type of machinery’s performance is influenced by factors including dependability, accessibility, and operating conditions. Different types of modern machinery are being used in today’s modern world, so the farming system has become very easy. Thresher plants are essential equipment in the agriculture field industry, and these plants have many uses. A transition diagram for the system is used to develop a mathematical model of the thresher plant. Partial differential equations are created associated with the help of a transition diagram and solved using Laplace transforms and the supplementary variables approach to assessing the system’s reliability. The copula approach was used to design the experiment, and the same methodology was used to assess the outcomes. The main aim of the present article is to evaluate the reliability factors, Profit, and sensitive analysis of a threshers plant. It is also possible to compute the dependability factor with the aid of general distributions and compare it to that copula distribution.
PROFIT ANALYSIS OF REPAIRABLE COLD STANDBY SYSTEM UNDER REFRESHMENTS
Creators: name: Kumar, Ajay
name: Sharma, Ashish
Publisher: name: Reliability: Theory & Applications
Year: 2023
Subjects: Cold standby
refreshment
regenerative point
semi Markov process

description: In the generation of science and technology, every company wants to increase the reliability of their products. So, they used the concept of cold standby redundancy, timely repair of the failed unit and providing limited refreshments to the available technician when required. This paper aims to explore the system of two identical units where the primary unit is operative and the secondary unit is in cold standby mode. When the primary unit fails due to any fault then secondary unit starts working immediately. Here, times of failure of unit and technician refreshment request follow the general distribution whereas times of repair of unit and refreshment follow the exponential distributions. Such types of systems are used in industries and education systems to prevent losses. The system’s performance is calculated by using concepts of mean time to system failure, availability, busy period of the server, expected number of visits made by the server and profit function using the semi Markov process and regenerative point technique. Tables are used to explore the performance of the system.
PROPERTIES OF QUADRASOPHIC FUZZY SET AND ITS APPLICATIONS
Creators: name: G. Aruna
name: J. Jesintha Rosline
Publisher: name: Reliability: Theory & Applications
Year: 2023
Subjects: Quadrasophic Fuzzy set
Operations
Aggregated operator
Decision making
QFVIKOR

description: Fuzzy set theory is a distinctive way of approaching ambiguous information. In this artifact, we introduce a new extension of fuzzy set known as Quadrasophic Fuzzy set and its properties. The Quadrasophic Fuzzy set has four parameters. The attributes and operations of the Quadrasophic Fuzzy sets are defined with pertinent examples. The arithmetic aggregator operators with a redefined level of 0.5 are introduced. The theorems of aggregator operators of Quadrasophic Fuzzy sets are explained using mathematical formulations. Suitable results and examples are provided to enlighten the proposed method. The arithmetic aggregator operators of the proposed method have been used in decisionmaking to get the optimal solution with supplementary statistics. Additionally, the selection of appropriate fertilizer in farming is demonstrated using the operators of the suggested model. A decision making approach is also used to develop the proposed method in order to identify the ideal solution. An illustration is provided to examine the unique feature of the proposed method to resolve the decision-making problems with a perfect solution.
Deep Heterogeneous Contrastive Hyper-Graph Learning for In-the-Wild Context-Aware Human Activity Recognition
Creators: name: Ge, Wen
name: Mou, Guanyi
name: Agu, Emmanuel O.
name: Lee, Kyumin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Human Activity Recognition (HAR) is a challenging, multi-label classification problem as activities may co-occur and sensor signals corresponding to the same activity may vary in different contexts (e.g., different device placements). This paper proposes a Deep Heterogeneous Contrastive Hyper-Graph Learning (DHC-HGL) framework that captures heterogenous Context-Aware HAR (CA-HAR) hypergraph properties in a message-passing and neighborhood-aggregation fashion. Prior work only explored homogeneous or shallow-node-heterogeneous graphs. DHC-HGL handles heterogeneous CA-HAR data by innovatively 1) Constructing three different types of sub-hypergraphs that are each passed through different custom HyperGraph Convolution (HGC) layers designed to handle edge-heterogeneity and 2) Adopting a contrastive loss function to ensure node-heterogeneity. In rigorous evaluation on two CA-HAR datasets, DHC-HGL significantly outperformed state-of-the-art baselines by 5.8% to 16.7% on Matthews Correlation Coefficient (MCC) and 3.0% to 8.4% on Macro F1 scores. UMAP visualizations of learned CA-HAR node embeddings are also presented to enhance model explainability.
description: IMWUT 2023
QUANTILE RESIDUAL ENTROPY FOR SOME LIFE TIME DISTRIBUTIONS
Creators: name: Dar, Javid Gani
name: Bhat, Mohammad Younus
name: Tamboli, Shahid
name: Shaikh Sarfaraj
name: Aafaq A. Rather
name: Mohiuddin, Maryam
name: Showkat Ahmad Dar
Publisher: name: Reliability: Theory & Applications
Year: 2023
Subjects: Shannon entropy
Residual entropy
Quantile function

description: This study explores the concept of residual entropy as an alternative approach to traditional entropy measures. The field of information theory, built upon Shannon's entropy, has been instrumental in understanding the dynamics of systems. However, existing literature has recognized the limitations of applying traditional entropy measures to systems that have already been in existence for a certain duration. This study delves into the concept of residual entropy, acknowledging the need for a more suitable approach for such systems. Specifically, we investigate the characteristics of residual entropy using a quantile-based framework. By deriving the quantile residual entropy function for various lifetime models, we gain insights into the reordering and ageing phenomena captured by the quantile version of the residual entropy equation. Our findings contribute to an enhanced understanding of residual entropy and provide a novel perspective on analyzing and interpreting the behavior of established systems.
RAP AND AVAILABILITY ANALYSIS OF MANUFACTURING SYSTEM: SMO AND PSO
Creators: name: Devi, Sarita
name: Nakul Vashishth
name: Garg, Deepika
Publisher: name: Reliability: Theory & Applications
Year: 2023
Subjects: Availability
Reliability
RAP
Markov modelling
SMO
PSO
Manufacturing System

description: In today’s scenario manufacturing industries are highly complex and prone to failure. That’s why redundancy allocation problem (RAP) and time dependent availability analysis plays a major role for the successful life cycle of a manufacturing industry. RAP is a Np-hard problem which is very difficult to solve by traditional methods. Therefore in this paper, RAP for the Manufacturing system is solved by Spider monkey optimization. SMO is recent meta-heuristic technique. Till now it is not used to solve RAP. Further results are compared with the Particle swarm optimization algorithm and comparison validates the better performance of SMO in this problem. As mentioned above, for avoiding the complete breakdown of the manufacturing system time-dependent availability is analyzed in this study. Firstly failure and repair data is collected from the manufacturing system then with the help of this information transition diagram is developed. Further equations are developed from transition diagram by using Markov birth death process then equations are solved with the use of Runge-Kutta method. This methodology is implemented in MATLAB.
Mesophases in Nearly 2D Room-Temperature Ionic Liquids
Creators: name: Manini, N.
name: Cesaratto, M.
name: Del Popolo, M. G.
name: Ballone, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Computer simulations of (i) a [C12mim][Tf2N] film of nanometric thickness squeezed at kbar pressure by a piecewise parabolic confining potential reveal a mesoscopic in-plane density and composition modulation reminiscent of mesophases seen in 3D samples of the same room-temperature ionic liquid (RTIL). Near 2D confinement, enforced by a high normal load, relatively long aliphatic chains are strictly required for the mesophase formation, as confirmed by computations for two related systems made of (ii) the same [C12mim][Tf2N] adsorbed at a neutral solid surface and (iii) a shorter-chain RTIL ([C4mim][Tf2N]) trapped in the potential well of part i. No in-plane modulation is seen for ii and iii. In case ii, the optimal arrangement of charge and neutral tails is achieved by layering parallel to the surface, while, in case iii, weaker dispersion and packing interactions are unable to bring aliphatic tails together into mesoscopic islands, against overwhelming entropy and Coulomb forces. The onset of in-plane mesophases could greatly affect the properties of long-chain RTILs used as lubricants.
description: 24 pages 10 figures