Cryptocellus jamari Botero-Trujillo & Carvalho & Florez D. & Prendini 2021, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Botero-Trujillo, Ricardo
name: Carvalho, Leonardo S.
name: Florez D., Eduardo
name: Prendini, Lorenzo
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Ricinulei
Ricinoididae
Cryptocellus
Cryptocellus jamari

description: Cryptocellus jamari, sp. nov.   Figures 1, 2D–F, 5–8, 17B, 19A; table 1  
 TYPE MATERIAL: Holotype ♂ (CHNUFPI 2221), BRAZIL: Rondônia: Jamari, Floresta Nacional do Jamari, 09°11′32.7″S 63°06′32.3″W, 143 m, 23.x.2016, L.S. Carvalho. Paratypes: 1 ♀ (CHNUFPI 3622), 4 tritonymphs, 1 deutonymph (CHNUFPI 3623), tritonymph (CHNUFPI 2222), tritonymph (CHNUFPI 2223), same data as holotype.   
 DIAGNOSIS: Cryptocellus jamari resembles C. adisi, C. canga, C. canutama, and C. tarsilae in the presence of a moundlike excrescence posteromedially on the carapace (figs. 5A, 6A, 7A). Cryptocellus jamari most closely resembles C. canutama in the fusion of the median sclerites of tergites X and XI (figs. 5C, 6C, 7C), a character unique to the two species, and in the presence of a pair of submedian moundlike excrescences on the median sclerite of tergite XI of the male (figs. 5C, 7A), a character also observed in both sexes of C. adisi. The male of C. jamari can be distinguished from that of C. canutama by the moundlike excrescences of tergite XI, which are well developed, only slightly smaller than the posteromedian excrescence of the carapace, in C. jamari (fig. 7A), but smaller and less prominent than the posteromedian excrescence, in C. canutama. Additionally, the fixed process of the male copulatory apparatus of C. jamari is almost straight, heavily sclerotized, and inflexible subbasally (figs. 8C, 17B), with a distinct ventral swelling basally (fig. 17B) whereas the copulatory apparatus of C. canutama is crooked, weakly sclerotized, and flexible subbasally, able to bend prolaterally, and unmodified basally.   
ETYMOLOGY: The specific epithet is a noun in apposition taken from the type locality, Floresta Nacional do Jamari, in Rondônia, Brazil.  
DESCRIPTION OF MALE: Based on the holotype (CHNUFPI 2221).  
 Measurements: Total length, 3.66 mm (table 1).   
 Coloration: Soma and appendages dark red; coxosternal region and pedipalps slightly paler. Carapace dorsolateral translucent areas yellow. Cheliceral manus yellow; fingers and finger dentition reddish.   
 Setation: Soma and appendages covered with short, translucent, bristlelike setae, slightly expanded on most surfaces (e.g., figs. 6A, C, 7A) but fine, hairlike on coxosternal region, pedipalps, ventral half of cucullus, ventromedial surface of opisthosoma, and leg tarsi (figs. 5B, D, 6B, 7B, 8D).   
 Tegument surface macrosculpture: Tegument without cuticular pits. Carapace entirely and densely covered with conspicuous, round, iridescent granules (fig. 5A). Cucullus, coxosternal region, and legs with granulation similar to carapace, except for small, smooth area subdistally on coxae of legs III, and predominantly smooth coxae of legs IV (figs. 5B, 7B, 8A, B). Opisthosoma dorsal surface with granulation similar to carapace, except along outer border of opisthosoma, along which dorsal sclerites are predominantly smooth (fig. 5C); ventral surface sparsely granular (fig. 5D); lateral membranes granular. Pedipalp trochanter 1, trochanter 2, and retrolateral surface of proximal part of femur densely granular; femur dorsal, prolateral, and ventral surfaces predominantly smooth (fig. 8D); tibia entirely smooth.   
 Carapace: Carapace trapezoidal, approximately as long as wide (table 1), broadest between coxae of legs II and III; lateral margins curved, converging anteriorly (fig. 5A); anterior margin linear in dorsal aspect, sublinear in frontal aspect; posterior margin procurved; median longitudinal sulcus shallow, partial, terminating at base of posteromedian moundlike excrescence (fig. 7A); paired lateral depressions present near lateral margins, adjacent to coxae of legs II; dorsolateral translucent areas well defined, visible in lateral aspect but not dorsal aspect, glabrous and planar, aligned with intersection between coxae of legs I and II.   
 Cucullus: Cucullus trapezoidal, wider than long (table 1); lateral margins diverging ventrally (fig. 7B); ventral margin predominantly linear in anterior aspect, shallowly concave in ventral aspect.   
 Chelicerae: Movable finger longer than fixed finger, not widened; mucron sharp; tooth row comprising seven or eight small teeth. Fixed finger tooth row comprising two or three small to medium-sized sharp teeth and one markedly larger distal tooth.   
 Coxosternal region: Tritosternum small, tuberculate, not abutting coxae of legs I (fig. 5B); coxae of legs II–IV abutting one another medially along entire length; coxae of legs II, anterior and posterior margins almost perpendicular to median axis, not forming angle medially; coxae of legs II–IV progressively decreasing in length (table 1); suture between coxae of legs II slightly longer than sutures between coxae of legs III and IV.   
 Opisthosoma: Opisthosoma oval, longer than wide (fig. 5C, D, table 1), broadest at tergite XII. Median sclerites of tergites X and XI fused, lateral sclerites separated (fig. 7C); median sclerites of tergites XI–XIII each with paired, shallow submedian depressions, lateral margins converging posteriorly on XI, subparallel on XII and XIII; of tergites XI, XII and, to lesser extent, XIII, wider than long (table 1); of XI anteriorly with pair of moundlike excrescences submedially (fig. 7A), similar to but slightly smaller than carapacial excrescence; of tergite XIII, lateral margins sinuous, forming approximately right angle with posterior margin, rear corners slightly protruding laterally. Sternites XI–XIII each with paired submedian depressions similar to tergites (fig. 5D). Pygidium basal segment, posterior margin shallowly emarginate dorsally, entire ventrally.   
 Pedipalps: Femur robust (table 1), dorsal surface convex. Tibia longer than femur (table 1), entirely linear (fig. 8D), slightly swollen proximally, rest of segment narrower in dorsal aspect and, to lesser extent, lateral aspect; elevated oval tubercles absent. Movable finger longer and more robust than fixed finger.   
 Legs: Leg II longest; I–IV similar in width, no segments swollen (table 1). Legs I–IV femora, dorsal and ventral surfaces each with moderate projection proximally, protecting articulation with trochanter. Legs without modifications except those associated with copulatory apparatus. Leg III metatarsus with moderate concavity dorsodistally; metatarsal process situated basally near tibia, tapering and curving retrolaterally, apex rounded and dorsoventrally compressed (fig. 8A, B); lamina cyathiformis approximately as deep as long, with rounded apex (fig. 8B).   
 Copulatory apparatus: Fixed and movable processes U-shaped. Fixed process almost straight, heavily sclerotized, and inflexible subbasally (figs. 8C, 17B), with distinct ventral swelling basally (fig. 17B); ridges or other modifications absent; apex pointed. Movable process similar in length to fixed process, narrowing distally; apex simple, entire.   
SUPPLEMENTARY DESCRIPTION OF FEMALE: Based on the paratype (CHNUFPI 3622). Resembles male except as noted.  
 Measurements: Total length, 3.53 mm (table 1).   
 Tegument surface macrosculpture: Coxae of legs I and II granular, of legs III predominantly smooth, of legs IV entirely smooth (fig. 6B).   
 Coxosternal region: Suture between coxae of legs IV shorter than sutures between coxae of legs II and III (fig. 6B, table 1).   
 Opisthosoma: Median sclerites of tergites X and XI fused, as in male. Tergite XI median sclerite without moundlike excrescences (fig. 6C). Lateral margins of median sclerites converging posteriorly on tergite XI, subparallel on XII and XIII.   
 Pedipalps: Trochanter 1, trochanter 2, and femur slightly less granular than in male. Tibia more distinctly swollen proximally; swelling evident in both dorsal and lateral aspects.   
 Spermathecae: Spermathecae moderately sclerotized, subspherical, approximately as deep as wide (fig. 19A); narrowly adjacent; internal cavity ample, simple, sinistral and dextral spermathecae symmetric. Posterior genital lip flat dome shaped (fig. 19A), markedly wider than deep, with one ventromedian macroseta on posterior surface; anterior genital lip missing.   
 DISTRIBUTION: Cryptocellus jamari is known only from the type locality, Floresta Nacional do Jamari, in the state of Rondônia, Brazil (fig. 1).   
NATURAL HISTORY: The type locality is a secondary forest with minimal disturbance in a sustainable-use conservation area. Specimens were found under a rotten tree trunk (Arecaceae).
description: Published as part of Botero-Trujillo, Ricardo, Carvalho, Leonardo S., Florez D., Eduardo & Prendini, Lorenzo, 2021, Four New Species of " Hooded Tick-Spiders " (Ricinulei, Ricinoididae) from South and Central America, with Clarification of the Identity of Cryptocellus leleupi Cooreman, 1976, pp. 1-36 in American Museum Novitates 2021 (3976) on pages 11-17, DOI: 10.1206/3976.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5356288