cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Role of Coxsackie- and adenovirus receptor (CAR) genetic variants, CAR- and adenovirus-based synthetic peptides, and CAR-shedding in CAR-mediated virus entry
Creators: name: Herrmann, Leonie
Publisher: name: Universität Bielefeld
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 570

description: The Coxsackie- and adenovirus receptor (CAR) is a transmembrane cell adhesion molecule with two extracellular immunoglobulin domains. It is located at cell-cell contacts, for example at intercalated discs between cardiomyocytes or at tight junctions in lung and intestines. CAR forms homodimers with its membrane-distal immunoglobulin domain D1 and is involved in cell adhesion, proliferation, and migration. It acts as a pathfinder protein during embryogenesis and during tissue remodelling after injuries. Next to its physiological functions, CAR aroused interest due to its role in cell entry and attachment of Coxsackie- and adenoviruses. Both viruses use CAR D1 as binding site and are a major cause for viral-induced myocarditis.
I investigated three different mechanisms that might influence CAR´s interaction with viruses. First, five genetic variants in the CAR-coding gene that are most frequent in human population were analysed regarding their influence on cell adhesion and proliferation as well as on virus internalisation. No differences were observed among the variants compared to wild type CAR. This gives further evidence to the idea of CAR as an indispensable protein during embryogenesis, for which until now no pathogenic genetic variant has been described.
Second, I designed peptides to use them as virus entry inhibitors. Synthetic peptides that inhibit virus-receptor interactions have not been described for adenoviruses yet. In this work, peptides based on known interaction motifs either of CAR D1 or of adenovirus binding knob were used. No peptide inhibited adenovector cell entry significantly. Probably, peptide binding was too weak to compete with virus-CAR interaction.
Third, several soluble proteases that are secreted by immune cells during myocarditis were tested for their ability to shed CAR, i.e. to release its extracellular domain through proteolysis. Soluble CAR extracellular domain could function as a virus trap and inhibit ongoing viral infections. I used human soluble or membranous CAR expressed by *E. coli* or mammalian cells to screen for potential ectodomain sheddases. For neutrophil elastase, both incubation time and protease concentration comply with a physiologically relevant process. CAR cleavage products comprise complete D1 domain, which could make them biologically active virus traps. Thus, CAR-shedding through neutrophil elastase, which is described here for the first time, might be a host defense mechanism against Coxsackie- and adenoviruses.
Compositeness effects, Pauli's principle and entanglement
Creators: name: Sancho, Pedro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyse some compositeness effects and their relation with entanglement. We show that the purity of a composite system increases, in the sense of the expectation values of the deviation operators, with large values of the entanglement between the components of the system. We also study the validity of Pauli's principle in composite systems. It is valid within the limits of application of the approach presented here. We also present an example of two identical fermions, one of them entangled with a distinguishable particle, where the exclusion principle cannot be applied. This result can be important in the description of open systems.
Το αδίκημα της αντίστασης κατά της αρχής [Άρθρο 167 ΠΚ]
Creators: name: Τσιρονίκου, Ειρήνη Ιωάννη
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2017
Subjects: Αντίσταση κατά της αρχής
Πολιτειακή εξουσία
Resistance to authority
State power

description: Αντικείμενο της παρούσας διπλωματικής εργασίας αποτελεί η ερμηνευτική προσέγγιση του εγκλήματος της αντίστασης κατά της αρχής, όπως αυτό τυποποιείται στο άρθρο 167 ΠΚ. Αρχικά, επιχειρείται ο εννοιολογικός προσδιορισμός του προστατευόμενου από την εν λόγω διάταξη εννόμου αγαθού της «πολιτειακής εξουσίας» και, εν συνεχεία, η εξέταση της νομοτυπικής μορφής και των επιμέρους στοιχείων του εγκλήματος, τόσο της βασικής μορφής που τυποποιείται στην παράγραφο 1 του άρθρου, όσο και των διακεκριμένων παραλλαγών που τυποποιούνται στην παράγραφο 2. Στην εργασία αναλύονται τα βασικότερα δογματικά ζητήματα που ανακύπτουν στο πλαίσιο ερμηνείας του εν λόγω εγκλήματος, ενώ παράλληλα προσεγγίζονται κριτικά και οι θέσεις της νομολογίας των ποινικών δικαστηρίων επί των ζητημάτων αυτών με στόχο την πληρέστερη κάλυψη του θέματος
description: The aim of the present thesis is the interpretive approach of the crime of resistance to authority, as it is formed in the article 167 of the Greek Penal Code. Initially, we seek to define the protected by this article of Penal Code legal good of “state power” and, afterwards, we examine the most important elements both of the basic form of the crime, that is described in paragraph 1 of the article, and of the distinguished forms, that are standardized in paragraph 2. In this paper we analyze the major doctrinal and hermeneutical issues referring to this crime and, at the same time, we approach critically theses of criminal courts’ case law up on these issues in order for the topic to be presented in the most complete way.
Grammatical elicitation: Agent focus agreement patterns
Creators: name: Ramirez, Angela
name: Jung, Sihun
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: mvj

description: Elicitation of sentences with agent focus, in order to understand agreement. A couple of context driven elicitation with co-reference and disjoint reference of "reflexives".
How squeezed states both maximize and minimize the same notion of quantumness
Creators: name: Goldberg, Aaron Z.
name: Heshami, Khabat
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Beam splitters are routinely used for generating entanglement between modes in the optical and microwave domains, requiring input states that are not convex combinations of coherent states. This leads to the ability to generate entanglement at a beam splitter as a notion of quantumness. A similar, yet distinct, notion of quantumness is the amount of entanglement generated by two-mode squeezers (i.e., four-wave mixers). We show that squeezed-vacuum states, paradoxically, both minimize and maximize these notions of quantumness, with the crucial resolution of the paradox hinging upon the relative phases between the input states and the devices. Our notion of quantumness is intrinsically related to eigenvalue equations involving creation and annihilation operators, governed by a set of inequalities that leads to generalized cat and squeezed-vacuum states.
description: 12 pages including 2 figures and 1 appendix. Comments welcome!
The body as excuse--biology, sex and crime: intersection of science, gender and law
Creators: name: Beveridge, Anne Elizabeth
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Present Canadian legislation provides for only one gender-specific “defence” which appears in the Criminal Code as the crime of infanticide. English law recognizes severe Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS) as a mitigating factor in charges of murder. No common law country has yet accepted PMS as a full defence. Feminists have criticized this type of genderbased defence on the ground that (1) it relies on unsubstantiated theories of biological determinism and perpetuates the negative stereotyping of all women; and (2) legal recognition of conditions like PMS can be used as a sword against women. This study tests the thesis that, unless law reformers deliberately take into account the nature and tenacity of sexual mythology, gender-specific additions to criminal defences will merely perpetuate gender bias and sexual inequality. As preparation for legal analysis, a number of myths related to the female and male human bodies and to disease are compared and contrasted. This study examines the notion of woman as the victim of postpartum, premenstrual and menopausal “raging hormones” that force her into behaviour that is characterized as either criminal or sick. It compares her with the “ideal” man and with the man who deviates from this ideal for gender-specific reasons such as sexual impotence, abnormal chromosomes or pedophilia. Epilepsy, a disease common to both sexes, is used as a non-gender-specific comparison. The medicalization of gender-specific disorders in both men and women are examined, taking into account the influence of “scientific” language formulated mainly by men. This is compared with equivalent histories of epilepsy and diabetes. Criminological theories based solely on either biological or environmental factors are criticized, and the role of the “expert witness” is discussed. Cases that attempt to utilize biological defences are analyzed and law reform proposed. There is strong evidence for the existence of biological conditions in both sexes that contribute to states of mind that should entitle the sufferer to legitimate defences. These should be incorporated within general defences rather than separate categories. However, until genuine disorders are separated from benign conditions experienced by most people, courts should exercise caution in implementing such defences.
Pressure-induced isostructural phase transition of metal-doped silicon clathrates
Creators: name: Iitaka, Toshiaki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose an atomistic model for the pressure-induced isostructural phase transition of metal-doped silicon clathrates, Ba8Si46 and K8Si46, that has been observed at 14 GPa and 23 GPa, respectively. The model explains successfully the equation of state, transition pressure, change of Raman spectra and dependence on the doped cations as well as the effects of substituting Si(6c) atoms with noble metals.
description: 5 pages, two coumn, 5 figures. See http://www.iitaka.org/down.html for more information
Nucleation in the chiral transition with an inhomogeneous background
Creators: name: Taketani, Bruno G.
name: Fraga, Eduardo S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider an approximation procedure to evaluate the finite-temperature one-loop fermionic density in the presence of a chiral background field which systematically incorporates effects from inhomogeneities in the chiral field through a derivative expansion. Modifications in the effective potential and their consequences for the bubble nucleation process are discussed.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures. To appear in the proceedings of I Latin American Workshop on High Energy Phenomenology (LAWHEP 2005), Porto Alegre, Brazil, 1-3 Dec 2005
Signatures of Topological Transitions in the Spin Susceptibility of Josephson Junctions
Creators: name: Pakizer, Joseph D.
name: Matos-Abiague, Alex
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We theoretically investigate how the spin susceptibility of a planar Josephson junction is affected when the system transits into the topological superconducting state. We show that the magnetic flux and magnetic field dependence of the spin susceptibility closely maps the phase diagram of the system. In the absence of an external magnetic flux the system can self-tune into the topological superconducting state by minimizing its free energy. Self-tuned topological transitions are accompanied by sharp peaks in the spin susceptibility, which can therefore be use as measurable fingerprints for detecting the topological superconducting state. Away from the peaks, the amplitude of the spin susceptibility can provide qualitative information about the relative size of the topological gap. The signatures in the spin susceptibility are robust, even in junctions with narrow superconducting leads, where critical current minima may no longer serve as an indication of topological phase transitions. Numerical simulations are complemented with simplified analytical models capable of capturing the main features predicted for the spin susceptibility behavior. The predicted results could be particularly relevant for future experiments on realization and detection of the topological superconducting state in planar Josephson junctions.
Συζυγίες και Τορικά Ιδεώδη
Creators: name: Μυλωνάς, Σπύρος Αριστείδη
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2017
Subjects: Τορικά ιδεώδη
Συζυγίες
Ελεύθερες επιλύσεις
Toric ideals
Syzygies
Free resolutions

description: Η εργασία αυτή μελετά τορικά ιδεώδη του πολυωνυμικού δακτυλίου πολλών μεταβλητών πάνω από ένα σώμα, τα οποία είναι πρώτα ιδεώδη που παράγονται απο διώνυμα. Η Θεωρία των Βάσεων Grobner μας δίνει μία μέθοδο υπολογισμού των γεννητόρων του ιδεώδους, οι σχέσεις μεταξύ των οποίων καλούνται συζυγίες. Χρησιμοποιώντας την ελάχιστη ελεύθερη επίλυση του τορικού ιδεώδους εξάγουμε πληροφορίες όπως τους αριθμούς Betti και την συνάρτηση Hilbert. Ένα άλλο βασικό εργαλείο της μελέτης μας είναι τα πλεγματικά σύμπλοκα, η ομολογία των οποίων μας δίνει με άμεσο τρόπο τους αριθμούς Betti
description: The aim of the present thesis is the study of toric ideals of the polynomial ring in several variables over a field, which are prime ideals generated by binomials. The theory of Grobner bases gives a method for computing explicitly the ideal's generators, the relations between which are called syzygies. The minimal free resolution of the ideal is a powerful tool through which we can extract useful information, such as the ideal's Betti numbers and Hilbert function. We also study simplicial complexes, whose homology gives directly the Betti numbers
H-Dibaryon from Lattice QCD with Improved Anisotropic Actions
Creators: name: Luo, Zhi-Huan
name: Loan, Mushtaq
name: Luo, Xiang-Qian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The six quark state(uuddss) called H dibaryon($J^P=0^+$,$S=-2$) has been calculated to study its existence and stability. The simulations are performed in quenched QCD on $8^3 \times 24$ and $16^3 \times 48$ anisotropic lattices with Symanzik improved gauge action and Clover fermion action. The gauge coupling is $β=2.0$ and aspect ratio $ξ=a_s/a_t=3.0$. Preliminary results indicate that mass of H dibaryon is 2134(100)Mev on $8^3 \times 24$ lattice and 2167(59)Mev on $16^3 \times 48$ respectively. It seems that the radius of H dibaryon is very large and the finite size effect is very obvious.
Computational media and the paradox of permanence
Creators: name: Carvalhais, Miguel
name: Cardoso, Pedro
Publisher: name: Journal of Digital Media & Interaction
Year: 2023

description: Throughout history we have sought permanence in media, to store information, communicate, and help us deal with an ever-changing world. Analog media have carried out this task despite their slow, but inevitable, processes of physical decay. Today computational media are seen as fast, cheap, and convenient alternatives for these tasks, even if they are quite the opposite, as they are anything but permanent. This paper argues that it is our refusal, and our fear, of impermanence that drives our desire to construct a worldview that is biased for permanence, even when the opposite lies before our eyes, as with computational media. This leads to a dissonance between the world as it is and the world as we perceive it, and to a paradox at the heart of computational media forms. This dissonance limits our relationships with these media, our literacy, and the ways how we can develop creative relationships with them and develop meaning.


 
description: Journal of Digital Media & Interaction, vol. 6 n.º 15 (2023): Volume 6, Number 15
Self-consistent light-front quark model analysis of $B\to D\ellν_\ell$ transition form factors
Creators: name: Choi, Ho-Meoyng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the transition form factors $f_+(q^2)$ and $f_-(q^2)$ [or $f_0(q^2)$] for the exclusive semileptonic $B\to D\ellν_\ell$ $(\ell=e, μ,τ)$ decays in the standard light-front quark model (LFQM) based on the LF quantization. The common belief is that while $f_+(q^2)$ can be obtained without involving any treacherous contributions such as the zero mode and the instantaneous contribution, $f_-(q^2)$ receives those treacherous contributions since it involves at least two components of the current, e.g. $(J^+, J^-)$ or $(J^+, {\bf J}_\perp)$. Contrary to the common belief, we show in the Drell-Yan ($q^+=0$) frame that $f_-(q^2)$ obtained from $(J^+, J^-)$ gives identical result to $f_-(q^2)$ obtained from $(J^+, {\bf J}_\perp)$ without involving such treacherous contributions in the standard LFQM. In our numerical calculations, we obtain the form factors and branching ratios for $B\to D\ellν_\ell$ $(\ell=e, μ,τ)$ and compare with the experimental data as well as other theoretical model predictions. Our results for ${\rm Br}(B\to D\ellν_\ell)$ show reasonable agreement with the experimental data except for the semitauonic $B^0\to D^-τν_τ$ decay. The ratio ${\cal R}(D)=\frac{{\rm Br}(B\to Dτν_τ)}{{\rm Br}(B\to D\ell'ν_{\ell'})}$ $(\ell'=e,μ)$ is also estimated and compared with the experimental data as well as other theoretical predictions.
description: 10 pages, 3 figures, minor corrections in Sec. IV, version to appear in Phys. Rev. D
A Technique for Measuring Electrical Currents in the Solar Corona
Creators: name: Spangler, Steven R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A technique is described for measuring electrical currents in the solar corona. It uses radioastronomical polarization measurements of a spatially-extended radio source viewed through the corona. The observations yield the difference in the Faraday rotation measure between two closely-spaced lines of sight through the corona, a measurement referred to as {\em differential Faraday rotation}. It is shown that the expression for differential Faraday rotation is proportional to the path integral $\oint n \vec{B}\cdot \vec{ds}$ where $n$ is the plasma density and $\vec{B}$ is the coronal magnetic field. The integral is around a closed loop (Amperian Loop) in the corona. If the plasma density is assumed roughly constant, the differential Faraday rotation is proportional to the current within the loop, via Ampere's Law. The validity of the constant density approximation is discussed, and two test cases are presented in which the associated error in the inferred current is small, of order tens of percent or less. The method is illustrated with observations of the radio source 3C228 with the Very Large Array (VLA) in August, 2003. A measurement of a differential Faraday rotation ``event'' on August 16, 2003, yields an estimate of $2.5 \times 10^9$ Amperes in the Amperian Loop. A smaller event on August 18 yields an enclosed current of $2.3 \times 10^8$ Amperes. The implications of these currents for coronal heating are briefly discussed.
description: Revised version of paper; accepted for Astrophysical Journal, vol 670, November 20, 2007
Σχολιασμένη Μετάφραση: «Φαρμακευτικά Φυτά και Κεντρικό Νευρικό Σύστημα»
Creators: name: Βαντόλα, Χριστίνα Βασιλείου
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2017
Subjects: Σχολιασμένη Μετάφραση
Φαρμακευτικά Φυτά
Νευρικό Σύστημα
Annotated Translation
Medicinal Plants
Nervous System

description: Σκοπός της παρούσας μεταπτυχιακής εργασίας ήταν η εκπόνηση σχολιασμένης μετάφρασης ειδικού κειμένου από τα ιταλικά στα ελληνικά. Το πρωτότυπο κείμενο αποτελεί ενότητα του κεφαλαίου “Piante medicinali e sistema nervoso centrale” («Φαρμακευτικά Φυτά και Κεντρικό Νευρικό Σύστημα»), από το βιβλίο Fitoterapia: Impiego razionale delle droghe vegetali των F. Capasso, G. Grandolini και A.A. Izzo. Η εργασία περιλαμβάνει το πρωτότυπο κείμενο και το μετάφρασμά του, γλωσσάρι όρων, τεκμηρίωση της ορολογίας με την παράθεση ορισμών ή επεξηγηματικού συγκείμενου και στις δύο γλώσσες, ενώ παρουσιάζεται αναλυτικά η ορολογική έρευνα που πραγματοποιήθηκε, οι μεταφραστικές δυσκολίες που εμφανίστηκαν και οι τρόποι αντιμετώπισης αυτών. Κύριο θέμα του κειμένου είναι η δράση τριών φαρμακευτικών φυτών (λυκίσκος, χαμομήλι, λεβάντα) στην αντιμετώπιση δυσλειτουργιών του νευρικού συστήματος, και συγκεκριμένα του άγχους και της αϋπνίας, ενώ αρχικά γίνεται παρουσίαση της δομής και λειτουργίας του νευρικού συστήματος. Με στόχο την ορθή απόδοση της ορολογίας, έγινε χρήση πληθώρας πηγών, διαδικτυακών και έντυπων, ενώ ζητήθηκε η γνώμη ειδικών από τα πεδία της Ιατρικής, της Χημείας και της Φαρμακογνωσίας
description: The aim of the present thesis was the production of an annotated translation of a specialized text from Italian into Greek. The original text comes from the chapter “Piante medicinali e sistema nervoso centrale”, from the book Fitoterapia: Impiego razionale delle droghe vegetali by F. Capasso, G. Grandolini and A.A. Izzo. It consists of the original text and its translation, a glossary of terms, the terminology documentation with definitions or explanatory context in both languages, as well as the detailed presentation of the terminological research that took place, the translation problems that arose and solutions to them. The text focuses on the effect of three medicinal plants (hops, chamomile, lavender) on the treatment of nervous system disorders, such as anxiety and insomnia, while at first the structure and function of the nervous system are presented. To render terminology in Greek a wide variety of sources was consulted, either online or printed ones, while specialists from the fields of Medicine, Chemistry and Pharmacognosy offered their expertise
Optimal Scheduling of Combined Heat and Power Generation Considering Heating Grid Dynamics
Creators: name: Merkert, Lennart
Publisher: name: KIT Scientific Publishing
Year: 2021
Subjects: Fernwärme
thermische Speicher
variablenabhängige Verzögerung
optimale Einsatzplanung
gemischtganzzahlige Optimierung
district heating
thermal storage
variable dependent time delay
optimal unit commitment
mixed integer programming

description: As the share of renewable generation increases in electric grids, the traditionally heat driven operation of combined heat and power plants (CHPs) reaches its limits. Thermal storage is required for a flexible operation of CHPs. This work proposes three novel methods to use a heating grid as thermal storage by exploiting its thermal dynamics. These include the first approach proving global optimality, a novel linear formulation of grid dynamics and an easily real world applicable approach.
InaudibleKey: Generic Inaudible Acoustic Signal based Key Agreement Protocol for Mobile Devices
Creators: name: Xu, Weitao
name: Li, Zhenjiang
name: Xue, Wanli
name: Yu, Xiaotong
name: Wei, Bo
name: Wang, Jia
name: Luo, Chengwen
name: Li, Wei
name: Zomaya, Albert Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: C.2.0

description: Secure Device-to-Device (D2D) communication is becoming increasingly important with the ever-growing number of Internet-of-Things (IoT) devices in our daily life. To achieve secure D2D communication, the key agreement between different IoT devices without any prior knowledge is becoming desirable. Although various approaches have been proposed in the literature, they suffer from a number of limitations, such as low key generation rate and short pairing distance. In this paper, we present InaudibleKey, an inaudible acoustic signal-based key generation protocol for mobile devices. Based on acoustic channel reciprocity, InaudibleKey exploits the acoustic channel frequency response of two legitimate devices as a common secret to generating keys. InaudibleKey employs several novel technologies to significantly improve its performance. We conduct extensive experiments to evaluate the proposed system in different real environments. Compared to state-of-the-art works, InaudibleKey improves key generation rate by 3-145 times, extends pairing distance by 3.2-44 times, and reduces information reconciliation counts by 2.5-16 times. Security analysis demonstrates that InaudibleKey is resilient to a number of malicious attacks. We also implement InaudibleKey on modern smartphones and resource-limited IoT devices. Results show that it is energy-efficient and can run on both powerful and resource-limited IoT devices without incurring excessive resource consumption.
description: 13 pages, 11 figures, IPSN 2021
Chiral symmetry breaking and vacuum polarization in a bag
Creators: name: Yasui, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the effects of a finite quark mass in the hedgehog configuration in the two phase chiral bag model. We discuss the chiral properties, such as the fractional baryon number and the chiral Casimir energy, by using the Debye expansion for the analytical calculation and the Strutinsky's smearing method for the numerical computation. It is shown that the fractional baryon number carried by massive quarks in the vacuum is canceled by that in the meson sector. A finite term of the chiral Casimir energy is obtained with subtraction of the logarithmic divergence term.
Observing symmetry-broken optimal paths of stationary Kardar-Parisi-Zhang interface via a large-deviation sampling of directed polymers in random media
Creators: name: Hartmann, Alexander K.
name: Meerson, Baruch
name: Sasorov, Pavel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Consider the short-time probability distribution $\mathcal{P}(H,t)$ of the one-point interface height difference $h(x=0,τ=t)-h(x=0,τ=0)=H$ of the stationary interface $h(x,τ)$ described by the Kardar-Parisi-Zhang equation. It was previously shown that the optimal path -- the most probable history of the interface $h(x,τ)$ which dominates the upper tail of $\mathcal{P}(H,t)$ -- is described by any of \emph{two} ramp-like structures of $h(x,τ)$ traveling either to the left, or to the right. These two solutions emerge, at a critical value of $H$, via a spontaneous breaking of the mirror symmetry $x\leftrightarrow -x$ of the optimal path, and this symmetry breaking is responsible for a second-order dynamical phase transition in the system. We simulate the interface configurations numerically by employing a large-deviation Monte Carlo sampling algorithm in conjunction with the mapping between the KPZ interface and the directed polymer in a random potential at high temperature. This allows us to observe the optimal paths, which determine each of the two tails of $\mathcal{P}(H,t)$, down to probability densities as small as $10^{-500}$. At short times we observe mirror-symmetry-broken traveling optimal paths for the upper tail, and a single mirror-symmetric path for the lower tail, in good quantitative agreement with analytical predictions. At long times, even at moderate values of $H$, where the optimal fluctuation method is \emph{not} supposed to apply, we still observe two well-defined dominating paths. Each of them violates the mirror symmetry $x\leftrightarrow -x$ and is a mirror image of the other.
description: 11 pages, 9 figures
Bubble kinetics in a steady-state column of aqueous foam
Creators: name: Feitosa, K.
name: Halt, Olivia L.
name: Kamien, Randall D.
name: Durian, D. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We measure the liquid content, the bubble speeds, and the distribution of bubble sizes, in a vertical column of aqueous foam maintained in steady-state by continuous bubbling of gas into a surfactant solution. Nearly round bubbles accumulate at the solution/foam interface, and subsequently rise with constant speed. Upon moving up the column, they become larger due to gas diffusion and more polyhedral due to drainage. The size distribution is monodisperse near the bottom and polydisperse near the top, but there is an unexpected range of intermediate heights where it is bidisperse with small bubbles decorating the junctions between larger bubbles. We explain the evolution in both bidisperse and polydisperse regimes, using Laplace pressure differences and taking the liquid fraction profile as a given.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures
Πίνακες επιβίωσης και η διαχείριση τους Εκτίμηση των Γραφικών τους Παραστάσεων με τη χρήση του Συντελεστή Μεταβλητότητας
Creators: name: Σειρηνόπουλος, Δημήτριος Γεωργίου
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2017
Subjects: πίνακες επιβίωσης
πληθυσμιακή πυραμίδα
συντελεστής μεταβλητότητας
survival tables
population pyramid
coefficient of variability

description: Σε αυτή την εργασία γίνεται μία εισαγωγή σε βασικές έννοιες όπως αυτή του πληθυσμού και της σύνθεσης του κατά φύλο και κατά ηλικία καθώς και των δεικτών τους, της πληθυσμιακής πυραμίδας και των τύπων της και των δεικτών γονιμότητας, θνησιμότητας και μετανάστευσης που μελετούν ένα πληθυσμό. Στη συνέχεια, γίνεται μία ανάλυση για τους πίνακες επιβίωσης, τα είδη και τη δομή τους και παρουσιάζεται ο τρόπος κατασκευής τους μέσα από ένα παράδειγμα με πραγματικά δεδομένα. Τέλος, γίνεται μία προσπάθεια εκτίμησης των γραφικών παραστάσεων του πίνακα με τη χρήση του συντελεστή μεταβλητότητας
description: This work is an introduction to basic concepts such as population and gender composition and age, as well as their indicators, the population pyramid and its types and the indicators of fertility, mortality and migration that study a population. An analysis is made for survival tables, their kinds and structure, and the way they are constructed is presented through an example of real data. Finally, an attempt is made to estimate the graphs of the table using the coefficient of variability
Effectively one-dimensional phase diagram of CuZr liquids and glasses
Creators: name: Friedeheim, Laura
name: Bailey, Nicholas P.
name: Dyre, Jeppe C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper presents computer simulations of Cu$_x$Zr$_{100-x}$ $(x=36,50,64)$ in the liquid and glass phases. The simulations are based on the effective-medium theory (EMT) potentials. We find good invariance of both structure and dynamics in reduced units along the isomorphs of the systems. The state points studied involve a density variation of almost a factor of two and temperatures going from 1500 K to above 4000 K for the liquids and from 500 K to above 1500 K for the glasses. For comparison, results are presented also for similar temperature variations along isochores, showing little invariance. In general for a binary system the phase diagram has three axes: composition, temperature and pressure (or density). When isomorphs are present, there are effectively only two axes, and for a fixed composition just one. We conclude that the liquid and glass parts of the thermodynamic phase diagram of this metallic glass former at a fixed composition is effectively one-dimensional in the sense that many physical properties are invariant along the same curves, implying that in order to investigate the phase diagram, it is only necessary to go across these curves.
Public-channel cryptography based on mutual chaos pass filters
Creators: name: Klein, Einat
name: Gross, Noam
name: Kopelowitz, Evi
name: Rosenbluh, Michael
name: Khaykovich, Lev
name: Kinzel, Wolfgang
name: Kanter, Ido
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We study the mutual coupling of chaotic lasers and observe both experimentally and in numeric simulations, that there exists a regime of parameters for which two mutually coupled chaotic lasers establish isochronal synchronization, while a third laser coupled unidirectionally to one of the pair, does not synchronize. We then propose a cryptographic scheme, based on the advantage of mutual-coupling over unidirectional coupling, where all the parameters of the system are public knowledge. We numerically demonstrate that in such a scheme the two communicating lasers can add a message signal (compressed binary message) to the transmitted coupling signal, and recover the message in both directions with high fidelity by using a mutual chaos pass filter procedure. An attacker however, fails to recover an errorless message even if he amplifies the coupling signal.
Konstruktionen von Erinnerung in Marcel Beyers Roman Kaltenburg
Creators: name: Τόλη, Ελευθερία Χρήστου
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2017
Subjects: ιστορία της Δυτικής και της Ανατολικής Γερμανίας του 20ο αιώνα
Ατομική μνήμη και η συλλογική κατασκευή της μνήμης
Το μυθιστόρημα Kaltenburg ως μέσο διατήρησης της μνήμης
The history of the West and the East Germany of the 20th century
Personal memories and collective rebuilding of memories
The novel Kaltenburg as a means of maintaining the memory

description: Το μυθιστόρημα Kaltenburg (2008) πραγματεύεται την γερμανική ιστορία του 20ο αιώνα και το πως αυτή σημάδεψε τις επόμενες γενιές. Ο εθνικοσοσιαλισμός, η ιδεολογία που χαρακτήρισε τον αιώνα αυτόν, αποτελεί την περίοδο του γερμανικού παρελθόντος «που δεν μπορεί να ξεπεραστεί». (Marcel Beyer) Ο Marcel Beyer, με την ιστορία που επινοεί, επιχειρεί μία περιγραφή του παρελθόντος έως το 1989, που περιλαμβάνει τόσο την ιστορία της Δυτικής όσο και της Ανατολικής Γερμανίας. Μέσα από την εξιστόρηση του θεματοποιεί τις δυσκολίες της ατομικής μνήμης και της επίσημης συλλογικής ανακατασκευής ιστορικών γεγονότων εστιάζοντας στις μορφές μνήμης και στα μέσα μαζικής ενημέρωσης που κατασκευάζουν και διατηρούν γνώσεις του παρελθόντος. Το μυθιστόρημα Kaltenburg λειτουργώντας ως μέσο διατήρησης της μνήμης εξετάζει κριτικά τις πολιτισμικές πρακτικές και παράλληλα επιτρέπει την παρατήρησή τους. Παρουσιάζονται, λοιπόν, διάφορες μορφές μνήμης, η οποία διακρίνεται σε ενθύμηση, λήθη και απώθηση. Ο αφηγητής της ιστορίας μας, ο συνταξιοδοτημένος ορνιθολόγος Hermann Funk, διηγείται τις αναμνήσεις του, οι οποίες είναι συνδεδεμένες με την ζωή του γνωστού ζωολόγου Ludwig Kaltenburg, σε μια νέα διερμηνέα; που ζητάει επαγγελματικές συμβουλές
description: The novel Kaltenburg (2008) deals with the German history of the 20th century and the ways it marked the generations to come. National-socialism, the ideology that was ruling during that century, constitutes the period of the ‘German past’ that is not overcome (Marcel Beyer) Marcel Beyer tries to describe that ‘past’ until 1989, including the history of the West as well as the East Germany, by creating a fictional story. Through this storytelling, he depicts the difficulties of personal memories and the formal collective rebuilding of historical facts, focusing on the forms of memory and the media that create and preserve the knowledge of the past. The novel Kaltenburg, operating as a means of maintaining the memory, scrutinizes the political practices and allows them to be monitored. So the author presents the differences of memory which is distinguished in remembering, forgetting, and repressing. The narrator, a retired ornithologist Hermann Funk, recounts his memories, which are connected with the life of the famous zoologist Ludwig Kaltenburg, to a young translator who asks for professional advice
The Alienated Senses: Artificial Stimuli for Sensory Perceptions in Interaction with Infomatas
Creators: name: Erthal, Ana Amélia
name: Radfahrer, Luli
Publisher: name: Journal of Digital Media & Interaction
Year: 2023

description: This is a qualitative study of exploratory nature, that investigates the senses alienated by the transformation of domestic objects into media, adding to communication and information technologies a functional meaning of interaction. This article aims to substantiate that environment perception through the senses changes when dealing with media infomata, which that have become ways of both media distribution and information storage. The high-tech revolution brought new questions, while household appliances act as media by providing, actively, interactively, or passively, connections between people, infomata, databases and objects. It bets on the alteration of subjectivities from the modulation of experience by interaction human-technology and, therefore, uses the theory of materialities in communication, of the human mechanization and modulations between bodies, technologies, and environment. The qualitative research evolved personal testimonies from 14 volunteers from Rio de Janeiro e São Paulo, during the first semester of 2023. The sample as non-random, purposive sample, constituted of subjects that are knowledgeable individuals in the context of the study. Analysis reveals layers of alienation about the use and role of domestic digital personal assistants and an imminent artificialization of sensorial perception.


 
description: Journal of Digital Media & Interaction, vol. 6 n.º 15 (2023): Volume 6, Number 15
Semianalytical modeling of the mass transfer in microfluidic electrochemical chips
Creators: name: Chevalier, Stéphane
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper reports a mass transfer model of a reactant flowing in a large aspect ratio microfluidic chip made of a channel with electrodes on the side walls. A semi-analytical solution to the two-dimensional Fickian diffusion of a reactant in a microchannel, including the electrochemical reaction at the electrode interface, and the velocity profile obtained from the Navier-Stokes equations in a fully developed laminar regime is found . The solution is written in the Laplace domain in terms of transfer functions. The proposed solution is an extension of the Leveque approximation describing the reactant diffusion from the electrode to the middle of the microfluidic channel. The main applications of this work are the use of the obtained transfer functions for the measurement of the Faradic current density or the chemical concentration at the electrode interface. The study can also be extended to the heat transfer in microfluidic electrochemical chips (temperature or heat flux measurements at the electrode interface).
Exclusive vector meson production at HERA from QCD with saturation
Creators: name: Marquet, C.
name: Peschanski, R.
name: Soyez, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Following recent predictions that the geometric scaling properties of deep inelastic scattering data in inclusive gamma*-p collisions are expected also in exclusive diffractive processes, we investigate the diffractive production of vector mesons. Using analytic results in the framework of the BK equation at non-zero momentum transfer, we extend to the non-forward amplitude a QCD-inspired forward saturation model including charm, following the theoretical predictions for the momentum transfer dependence of the saturation scale. We obtain a good fit to the available HERA data and make predictions for deeply virtual Compton scattering measurements.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures, full analysis including the charm contribution and J/PSI production. Conclusions confirmed
The regulation of direct foreign investment under the Canada-United States Free Trade Agreement
Creators: name: Amos, Jude Thaddeus
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: The regulation of foreign direct investment continues to feature prominently in the economic policies of most countries, both developed and developing ones. The emphasis on the role of foreign direct investment in the economic development of developing countries raises the question as to ways in which foreign investment in such countries may be encouraged. To this end, one may ask whether they can learn anything from the treatment of foreign investment by developed countries. Such an enquiry becomes pertinent in the light of differences in the traditional attitudes of developing and developed states towards foreign investment control, especially on issues of trade related investment measures (TRIMs) and expropriation. This is the focus of this paper. It is argued that judging from the trend regarding the treatment of these issues under the Free Trade Agreement and its successor - the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA), the provisions of bilateral investment treaties, and the limited extent of Canadian and American programs designed to encourage foreign direct investment in developing countries, a modification in the traditional attitudes of developing countries on such issues appears not only to be necessary, but expedient.
Metamagnetic phase transition in ferromagnetic superconductor URhGe
Creators: name: Mineev, V. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Ferromagnetic superconductor URhGe has orthorhombic structure and possesses spontaneous magnetisation along the c-axis. Magnetic field directed along the $b$-axis suppresses ferromagnetism in $c$-direction and leads to a metamagnetic transition into polarised paramagnetic state in the $b$-direction. The theory of these phenomena based on the specific magnetic anisotropy of this material in $(b,c)$ plane is given. Line of the first order metamagnetic transition ends at a critical point. The Van der Waals - type description of behaviour of physical properties near this point is developed. The triplet superconducting state destroyed by orbital effect is recreated in vicinity of the transition. It is shown that the reentrance of superconductivity is caused by the sharp increase of magnetic susceptibility in $b$ direction near the metamagnetic transition. The specific behaviour of the upper critical field in direction of spontaneous magnetisation in UCoGe and in UGe$_2$ related to the field dependence of magnetic susceptibility is discussed.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures
$Z_4$ parafermion $\pm π/2$ modes in interacting periodically driven superconducting chain
Creators: name: Bomantara, Raditya Weda
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We theoretically report the emergence of $Z_4$ parafermion edge modes in a periodically driven spinful superconducting chain with modest fermionic Hubbard interaction. These parafermion edge modes represent $\pm π/(2T)$ quasienergy excitations ($T$ being the driving period), which have no static counterpart and arise from the interplay between interaction effect and periodic driving. At special parameter values, these exotic quasiparticles can be analytically and exactly derived. Strong numerical evidence of their robustness against variations in parameter values and spatial disorder is further presented. Our proposal offers a route toward realizing parafermions without fractional quantum Hall systems or complicated interactions.
description: 14 pages, 5 figures. Published in PRB as a letter
On the efficiency of Fermi acceleration at relativistic shocks
Creators: name: Lemoine, Martin
name: Pelletier, Guy
name: Revenu, Benoit
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is shown that Fermi acceleration at an ultra-relativistic shock wave cannot operate on a particle for more than 1 1/2 Fermi cycle (i.e., u -> d -> u -> d) if the particle Larmor radius is much smaller than the coherence length of the magnetic field on both sides of the shock, as is usually assumed. This conclusion is shown to be in excellent agreement with recent numerical simulations. We thus argue that efficient Fermi acceleration at ultra-relativistic shock waves requires significant non-linear processing of the far upstream magnetic field with strong amplification of the small scale magnetic power. The streaming or transverse Weibel instabilities are likely to play a key role in this respect.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures; to appear in ApJ Letters
Additional file 3 of Preparation of triangular silver nanoparticles and their biological effects in the treatment of ovarian cancer
Creators: name: Yin, Man
name: Xu, Xiangyu
name: Han, Hui
name: Dai, Jiahui
name: Sun, Ronghe
name: Yang, Linqing
name: Xie, Junyu
name: Wang, Yunfei
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology

description: Additional file 3: Supplementary figure 3. DLS results of the five types of synthesized tAgNPs were analyzed by Origin software.
Διεπιστημονική προσέγγιση της κατάρτισης Δασικών χαρτών. Η περίπτωση του δασοκτήματος - οικισμού Σταυρονικήτα στο Ν. Χαλκιδικής
Creators: name: Τάντσης, Χρυσόστομος Χρήστου
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2017
Subjects: Δασικοί χάρτες
Δασόκτημα – οικισμός Σταυρονικήτα
Μη επανδρωμένα ιπτάμενα οχήματα
Forest maps
Stavronikitas forest - settlement
Drones

description: Η παρούσα μεταπτυχιακή διατριβή πραγματεύεται το θέμα του δασοκτήματος – οικισμού Σταυρονικήτα έτσι όπως αυτό αναδείχθηκε από την πρόσφατη ανάρτηση δασικών χαρτών για το Νομό Χαλκιδικής. Η περιοχή έχει πλούσιο ιστορικό όσον αφορά τον χαρακτηρισμό της. Η προσέγγιση που πραγματοποιείται στην παρούσα μεταπτυχιακή διατριβή, ήταν αυτή της μελέτης περίπτωσης και μάλιστα από την οπτική γωνία των ελεύθερων επαγγελματιών (δασολόγου και νομικού) που κλήθηκαν να βοηθήσουν πολίτες – ιδιοκτήτες εκτάσεων εντός του δασοκτήματος – οικισμού Σταυρονικήτα. Παράλληλα, επιχειρείται και μια διευρεύνηση του ρόλου που μπορούν να έχουν τα μη επανδρωμένα ιπτάμενα οχήματα (drones) στην εργασία του δασολόγου της πράξης σε σχέση πάντα με το δασικό κτηματολόγιο και τους δασικούς χάρτες. Αν και οι εικόνες μπορούν να μεταφέρουν πολλά στοιχεία, εντούτοις τίποτα δεν μπορεί να υποκαταστήσει το δασολόγο, ο οποίος είναι ο μόνος εξειδικευμένος επιστήμονας που μπορεί να αποφανθεί για το δασικό ή μη χαρακτήρα μιας έκτασης
description: The present dissertation deals with the theme of the forest - Stavronikita settlement as it was demonstrated by the recent suspension of forest maps for the Prefecture of Chalkidiki. The region has a rich history of its characterization. The approach taken in this postgraduate dissertation was that of the case study and even from the point of view of the liberal professionals (forester and lawyer) called to help citizens - landowners within the forest - Stavronikita settlement. At the same time, an exploration of the role of unmanned flying vehicles (drones) in the work of the forestry practitioner in relation to forest cadastre and forest maps is also attempted. Although the images can transfer many elements, nothing can substitute the forester, who is the only specialist scientist who can decide on the forest or non-character of an area