cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Farmers' Demand for Information about Agribusiness
Creators: name: Da Silva, Ana Paula
name: Silva, Ana Julia Cunha Vidal E
name: Ribeiro, Paola Garcia
name: Da Silva, Ana Paula
name: Silva, Ana Julia Cunha Vidal E
name: Ribeiro, Paola Garcia
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: Agribusiness
Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession

description: This study is focused on the habits of the Brazilian farmers that access the Internet for searching information to their economical activities. The main goal is to understand how come those agents of the agribusiness use the formal and informal (personal contact) means of communication, as well as the functions that each of those means accomplish to this public. In other words, it intends to identify the channels of communication of major importance to farmers (used more often, considered the ones of more credibility and preferred among them). That is possible by means of a questionnaire sent exclusively by e-mail, answered by Brazilian farmers. The motivation of the study is to contribute to make the communication more efficient to those who work on farms. That can produce benefits to the communication companies and to the public. The results show that the Internet is the mean of communication more often used and preferred on the process of searching information about the agribusiness among Brazilian farmers. The personal contact, not considered in the valuation about preference, appears in second position in the ranking for intensity of use. On the other hand, the radio, regional press newspapers and newsletters of class entities were the less consulted and the last ones in the ranking of preference.
title: Στάσεις και απόψεις εκπαιδευτικών για τα μεταπτυχιακά προγράμματα στη διοίκηση εκπαιδευτικών μονάδων
title: Attitudes and views of teachers about master degrees in school administration
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Παπαγιαννάκη, Κρεμασία
Publisher: name: Πανεπιστήμιο Πειραιώς
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Διοίκηση
subject: Εκπαίδευση
subject: Μεταπτυχιακά προγράμματα
subject: Εκπαιδευτικοί

description: Τα πανεπιστήμια αποτελούν τη συνέχιση της εκπαίδευσης των ατόμων, ώστε να τα εξειδικεύσουν και να τα καταστήσουν ικανά να ανταποκριθούν στις απαιτήσεις της κοινωνίας. Ένα από τα προγράμματα εκπαίδευσης των πανεπιστημιακών ιδρυμάτων είναι οι μεταπτυχιακές σπουδές. Οι μεταπτυχιακές σπουδές αποτελούν ένα πρόγραμμα κατάρτισης, το οποίο προσφέρει στους συμμετέχοντες ένα υψηλότερο επίπεδο γνώσεων και ικανοτήτων και δουλεύει σε βάθος έναν πιο συγκεκριμένο τομέα. Έτσι, αρκετοί εκπαιδευτικοί που επιθυμούν να εξειδικευτούν στον τομέα της διοίκησης εκπαιδευτικών μονάδων, επιλέγουν μεταπτυχιακά προγράμματα σπουδών, ώστε να βελτιώσουν την ποιότητα της διδασκαλίας τους και να αποκτήσουν ηγετικές και διοικητικές γνώσεις. Στην παρούσα μελέτη διερευνήθηκαν οι στάσεις και οι απόψεις των εκπαιδευτικών για τα μεταπτυχιακά προγράμματα σπουδών στη διοίκηση εκπαιδευτικών μονάδων. Το δείγμα της έρευνας αποτελούνταν από 115 εκπαιδευτικούς προσχολικής, πρωτοβάθμιας και δευτεροβάθμιας εκπαίδευσης. Ενώ τα αποτελέσματα της έρευνας έδειξαν, ότι οι εκπαιδευτικοί στο σύνολο τους συμφωνούν με το γεγονός, πως η απόκτηση ενός τίτλου μεταπτυχιακών σπουδών στη διοίκηση εκπαιδευτικών μονάδων λειτουργεί συνολικά για τη βελτίωση όλων των παραγόντων που σχετίζονται με τον τομέα της εκπαίδευσης.
Applying Social Event Data for the Management of Cellular Networks
Creators: name: Fortes, Sergio
name: Palacios, David
name: Serrano, Inmaculada
name: Barco, Raquel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Internet provides a growing variety of social data sources: calendars, event aggregators, social networks, browsers, etc. Also, the mechanisms to gather information from these sources, such as web services, semantic web and big data techniques have become more accessible and efficient. This allows a detailed prediction of the main expected events and their associated crowds. Due to the increasing requirements for service provision, particularly in urban areas, having information on those events would be extremely useful for Operations, Administration and Maintenance (OAM) tasks, since the social events largely affect the cellular network performance. Therefore, this paper presents a framework for the automatic acquisition and processing of social data, as well as their association with network elements (NEs) and their performance. The main functionalities of this system, which have been devised to directly work in real networks, are defined and developed. Different OAM applications of the proposed approach are analyzed and the system is evaluated in a real deployment.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures
Top Performing Farmers are Information Rich: Case Studies of Sheep and Cattle Farmers in the South Island of New Zealand
Creators: name: Verissimo, Andrea
name: Woodford, Keith
name: Verissimo, Andrea
name: Woodford, Keith
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Farm Management
subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: benchmarking
subject: farm management
subject: sheep and beef cattle farmers
subject: grounded theory
subject: New Zealand
subject: decision-making process
subject: information sourcing

description: The purpose of this study was to investigate the management behaviours of six top performing sheep and beef farmers from the South Island of New Zealand. Information was obtained through interviews using grounded theory qualitative research methodology. All six farmers were found to be information rich. They source information widely and with a discriminating behaviour. They read widely, typically about one hour per day. They participate in discussion groups but only when relevant information can be obtained. They regularly visit other farms and tend to associate with other high-performing people. They have well developed networks. They have challenging, relevant and achievable goals and targets. All six farmers plan well ahead but with a strong focus on flexibility. They are early adopters rather than first movers in relation to new technologies. Having decided that an innovation has merit they usually test it in a small way before making any major commitment that cannot be reversed. All were benchmarking their operations against other top operators, both formally and informally. They were particularly interested in the reasons why other farmers were achieving success, and hence liked to have direct contact with these people. All of them were interested in the financial benchmark comparisons obtained from their accountant. These top performing farmers have well developed management frameworks such that the process of planning, implementation, monitoring and reflection occurs on a daily basis. Farming is a passion as well as a career.
Coupled Cluster Treatment of the Shastry-Sutherland Antiferromagnet
Creators: name: Darradi, R.
name: Richter, J.
name: Farnell, D. J. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the zero-temperature properties of the spin-half two-dimensional Shastry-Sutherland antiferromagnet by using a high-order coupled cluster method (CCM) treatment. We find that this model demonstrates various groundstate phases (Néel, magnetically disordered, orthogonal dimer), and we make predictions for the positions of the phase transition points. In particular, we find that orthogonal-dimer state becomes the groundstate at ${J}^{d}_2/J_1 \sim 1.477$. For the critical point $J_2^{c}/J_1$ where the semi-classical Néel order disappears we obtain a significantly lower value than $J_2^{d}/J_1$, namely, ${J}^{c}_2/J_1$ in the range $[1.14, 1.39]$. We therefore conclude that an intermediate phase exists between the \Neel and the dimer phases. An analysis of the energy of a competing spiral phase yields clear evidence that the spiral phase does not become the groundstate for any value of $J_2$. The intermediate phase is therefore magnetically disordered but may exhibit plaquette or columnar dimer ordering.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures
Supplementary methods, figures, and table from Social bonds, social status and survival in wild baboons: a tale of two sexes
Creators: name: Campos, Fernando A.
name: Villavicencio, Francisco
name: Archie, Elizabeth A.
name: Colchero, Fernando
name: Alberts, Susan C.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Health Care
subject: Diseases
subject: 111706 Epidemiology
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60801 Animal Behaviour
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Contains additional information about methods and modeling and results, including 10 figures and one table
Collaboration within the UK Farm Industry
Creators: name: Alliston, John C.
name: Newton, David
name: Gonzalez-Diaz, Francisco
name: Alliston, John C.
name: Newton, David
name: Gonzalez-Diaz, Francisco
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Industrial Organization
subject: cooperatives
subject: collaboration
subject: supply food chain
subject: organizational structure
subject: farming

description: This paper addresses the effectiveness of the traditional models of cooperation, and analyses best practices in other commercial sectors in order to identify transferable elements. The Report of the Policy Commission on the Future of Farming and Food (2002) identified a need for farmers to cooperate and collaborate more effectively in their business activities in order to be more competitive. The Plunkett Foundation (1992) suggests that in order to play an important role in the maintenance of the rural economy the Farmer Controlled Business should adopt more imaginative approaches. Using an inductive grounded theory approach and guided interview techniques, experts in the field of business collaboration were selected using a purposive sample approach and interviewed using an iterative Delphi model. Interviewees were leading academics, government officials and managers of the most profitable and/or innovative EU based cooperatives. Having been asked to identify and evaluate the operational characteristics of traditional models of cooperation, respondents were encouraged to identify the ideal characteristics of any replacement business frameworks. A culture of "arm focus"and a lack of "global" understanding were identified as very important factors affecting cooperation. In addition to this, the intrinsic limitations of the traditional model of cooperation were recognized as an important limitation, as well as the personal characteristics and skills of the members were identified as relevant barriers. The paper concludes that addressing the problems of culture and attitude is a long-term process. Therefore the solution could come from models, where the members do not necessarily have the required vision or culture, but they are part of a bigger organization that has the needed consumer and food chain focus. The key factor is to gain recognition of the need to fundamentally address organizational structure.
Synthesis, characterization, cytotoxicity and DNA/BSA binding of two amino acid palladium(II) complexes derived from alanine and valine
Creators: name: Mohammadi, Fatemeh
name: Mansouri-Torshizi, Hassan
name: Saeidifar, Maryam
name: Dehghanian, Effat
name: Skorepova, Eliska
name: Dusek, Michal
name: Abdi, Khatereh
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology

description: Two novel palladium(II)–amino acid complexes, [Pd(Ala)2]·H2O (PA) and [Pd(Val)2].H2O (PV) (Ala = alanine; Val = valine) were synthesized and characterized through FTIR, UV/Vis, 1H-NMR spectroscopies, CHN analysis, X-ray crystallography and molar conductivity measurement. Furthermore, cytotoxicity of Pd(II) complexes against human leukemia cancer cell line, MOLT4 showed promising cancer cell death (CC50 = 0.71 ± 0.046 µM for PA; CC50 = 0.85 ± 0.063 µM for PV) that were less than cisplatin (1.59 ± 0.25 µM). Moreover, the interaction of both the complexes with DNA and BSA was studied using UV–Vis absorption and emission spectroscopic techniques that demonstrated the bindings occurred via van der Waals forces and hydrogen bond. Furthermore, the fluorescence titration showed that static quenching mechanism plays predominate role in binding process. All results showed that both complexes have more binding tendency to DNA in compared to BSA that can be a significant achievement for further medical purposes as a potential antitumor candidate. Finally, molecular docking simulation was performed for PA and PV complexes with DNA and BSA and demonstrated both complexes bind to the groove of DNA mainly by hydrogen bond and interact with site I of BSA via hydrogen bond as well.
Noncommutative Two Dimensional BF Model
Creators: name: Blasi, Alberto
name: Maggiore, Nicola
name: Montobbio, Michele
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the noncommutative extension of the BF theory in two spacetime dimensions. We show that the introduction of the noncommutative parameter θ_{μν}, already at first order in the analytical sector, induces infinitely many terms in the quantum extension of the model. This clashes with the commonly accepted rules of QFT, and we believe that this problem is not peculiar to this particular model, but it might concern the noncommutative extension of any ordinary quantum field theory obtained via the Moyal prescription. A detailed study of noncommutative anomalies is also presented.
description: 22 pages, plain LaTeX
The Costs and Returns of Scottish Potato Production
Creators: name: Edwards, Ian E.
name: Daw, Mike
name: Edwards, Ian E.
name: Daw, Mike
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries

description: The gross and net margins for a representative sample of 53 Scottish potato producers classed as "Seed" (>80% of area grown for seed), "Ware" (>80% of area grown for Ware) and "Mixed" for the rest were obtained for the 1999 growing season according to the methodology of MAFF (1990,1999). The farms were arable. Yields were average but for seed growers for whom tuber number in the seed size is more important. Prices were the lowest for six years variable costs were high and gross margins are above the best for cereals. However fixed costs excluding seasonally rented land are considerable leaving negative net margins. Potato price fluctuates widely. Prices were high in 1998. Applying these prices to the 1999 data left good net margins. Average prices still left reasonable net margins. Break-even prices were £85/t for ware and £200/t for seed, which were not reached in three of the last six years. These results show the considerable investment in both fixed and variable costs and risk for this important Scottish crop.
Supplementary document for Fabrication and characterisation of holographic lenses recorded in photopolymers with high refractive index modulation for application in solar concentration - 7429516.pdf
Creators: name: Rogers, Brian
name: Galli, Paola
name: Martin, Suzanne
name: Bianco, Andrea
name: Naydenova, Izabela
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2025
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Supplemental document
Can Learned Frame-Prediction Compete with Block-Motion Compensation for Video Coding?
Creators: name: Sulun, Serkan
name: Tekalp, A. Murat
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Given recent advances in learned video prediction, we investigate whether a simple video codec using a pre-trained deep model for next frame prediction based on previously encoded/decoded frames without sending any motion side information can compete with standard video codecs based on block-motion compensation. Frame differences given learned frame predictions are encoded by a standard still-image (intra) codec. Experimental results show that the rate-distortion performance of the simple codec with symmetric complexity is on average better than that of x264 codec on 10 MPEG test videos, but does not yet reach the level of x265 codec. This result demonstrates the power of learned frame prediction (LFP), since unlike motion compensation, LFP does not use information from the current picture. The implications of training with L1, L2, or combined L2 and adversarial loss on prediction performance and compression efficiency are analyzed.
description: Accepted for publication in Springer Journal of Signal, Image and Video Processing
Iron Age/Celtic re-enactment groups
Creators: name: Hingley, Richard
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Archaeology
subject: 210202 Heritage and Cultural Conservation
subject: FOS: Media and communications

description: Iron Age/Celtic re-enactment groups: This information is derived from a search on the Internet using Google in May 2015 and July 2017 and was updated in March 2020. It has focused on groups of re-enactors rather than attempting to list the many individuals and groups who undertake living-history activities focusing on the Iron Age. The document has been produced as part of the AHRC-funded project Ancient Identities in Modern Britain (2016-2019).
Surface abundances of light elements for a large sample of early B-type stars - IV. The magnesium abundance in 52 stars - a test of metallicity
Creators: name: Lyubimkov, L. S.
name: Rachkovskaya, T. M.
name: Rostopchin, S. I.
name: Lambert, D. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: From high-resolution spectra a non-LTE analysis of the MgII 4481.2 A feature is implemented for 52 early and medium local B stars on the main sequence (MS). The influence of the neighbouring line AlIII 4479.9 A is considered. The magnesium abundance is determined; it is found that log e(Mg) = 7.67 +- 0.21 on average. It is shown that uncertainties in the microturbulent parameter Vt are the main source of errors in log e(Mg). When using 36 stars with the most reliable Vt values derived from OII and NII lines, we obtain the mean abundance log e(Mg) = 7.59 +- 0.15. The latter value is precisely confirmed for several hot B stars from an analysis of the MgII 7877 A weak line. The derived abundance log e(Mg) = 7.59 +- 0.15 is in excellent agreement with the solar magnesium abundance log e_sun(Mg) = 7.55 +- 0.02, as well as with the proto-Sun abundance log e_ps(Mg) = 7.62 +- 0.02. Thus, it is confirmed that the Sun and the B-type MS stars in our neighbourhood have the same metallicity.
description: 9 pages, 6 figures. Has been accepted for publication at MNRAS
Arp 220: New Observational Insights into the Structure and Kinematics of the Nuclear Molecular Disks and Surrounding Gas
Creators: name: Wheeler, Jordan
name: Glenn, Jason
name: Rangwala, Naseem
name: Fyhrie, Adalyn
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: ALMA cycle 3 observations of $^{12}$CO $ J = 3\rightarrow2$, $^{13}$CO $J = 4\rightarrow 3$, SiO J = $8 \rightarrow 7$, and HCN J = $ 5 \rightarrow 4$ are presented. Significant extended emission is detected in $^{12}$CO J $ = 3\rightarrow2$ with a morphology that is indicative of m = 2 tidal features, suggesting gas inflow. In addition, outflow for both nuclei are found in the $^{12}$CO J $ = 3\rightarrow2$. Significant SiO absorption is detected in the western nucleus. HCN that is morphologically distinct from CO is detected in both nuclei. These observations are compared to non-LTE radiative transfer models created using the Line Modeling Engine (LIME) for simple gas dynamics to gain insight into how physical parameters, such as rotational velocity, turbulent velocity, gas temperature, dust temperature, and gas mass can reproduce the observed kinematic and spatial features. The eastern nucleus is found to be best modeled with an inclusion of a temperature asymmetry from one side of the disk to the other. It is also found that the western nucleus is optically thick even in the less abundant species of $^{13}$CO, absorbing significant amounts of continuum radiation.
Market Share and Price Setting Behavior For Private Labels and National Brands
Creators: name: Cotterill, Ronald W.
name: Putsis, William P.
name: Dhar, Ravi
name: Cotterill, Ronald W.
name: Putsis, William P.
name: Dhar, Ravi
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Industrial Organization
subject: competition
subject: competitive strategy
subject: private labels
subject: pricing

description: In this paper, we develop a framework for estimating market share and price reaction equations in an attempt to understand the nature of competitive interaction in the market for private label and branded grocery products. Specifically, we employ a Linear Approximate Almost Ideal Demand System (LA/AIDS, Deaton and Muellbauer 1980a), and specify the price reaction equations derived under the LA/AIDS demand specification. This enables us to consistently estimate shareprice relationships, accounting for demand-side and competitive reactions simultaneously. The incorporation of LA/AIDS demands into a structural equation framework represents an important departure from previous demand specifications in competitive analysis. In addition to its rigorous foundation in utility theory, LA/AIDS demands are especially flexible for demand-side estimation, provide consistent reaction functions on the supply side, and have particularly nice aggregation properties. In order to test the relative contribution of employing a flexible LA/AIDS functional form on the demand-side, and in a preliminary attempt to assess manufacturer-retailer interaction on the supply side, we compare our general framework (LA/AIDS demands with retailers following a proportional markup rule) to two alternative models of manufacturer-retailer interaction: Choi's (1991) Manufacturer-Stackelberg (M-S) model under linear demands, as well as Shubik demands under Stackelberg conduct (Raju, Sethuraman and Dhar 1995a, 1995b). We first apply the proposed LA/AIDS framework to a sample pooled across 125 categories and 54 geographic markets in an attempt to produce result that generalize across the entire sample. We then estimate all three models using data on seven individual categories: bread, milk, pasta, yogurt, instant coffee, butter and margarine. We conclude that the LA/AIDS demand specification is preferred to the alternative linear demand specifications. Further, the empirical findings support our premise that consumer response to price and promotion decisions (demand) and the factors influencing firm pricing behavior (supply) jointly determine observed market prices and market shares. Most importantly, our specification with LA/AIDS demands produced excellent overall fits, as well as reasonable demand and price response elasticities.
Constraints on the star formation histories of galaxies in the Local Cosmological Volume
Creators: name: Kroupa, Pavel
name: Haslbauer, Moritz
name: Banik, Indranil
name: Nagesh, Srikanth T.
name: Pflamm-Altenburg, Jan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The majority of galaxies with current star-formation rates (SFRs), SFRo >= 10^-3 Msun/yr, in the Local Cosmological Volume where observations should be reliable, have the property that their observed SFRo is larger than their average star formation rate. This is in tension with the evolution of galaxies described by delayed-tau models, according to which the opposite would be expected. The tension is apparent in that local galaxies imply the star formation timescale tau approx 6.7 Gyr, much longer than the 3.5-4.5 Gyr obtained using an empirically determined main sequence at several redshifts. Using models where the SFR is a power law in time of the form propto (t - t1)^eta for t1 = 1.8 Gyr (with no stars forming prior to t1) implies that eta = 0.18 +- 0.03. This suggested near-constancy of a galaxy's SFR over time raises non-trivial problems for the evolution and formation time of galaxies, but is broadly consistent with the observed decreasing main sequence with increasing age of the Universe.
description: LaTeX, 8 pages, 5 figures, MNRAS, in press; the replacement is to fix an error in the metadata (paper remains unaffected)
Reconciling the ultra-high energy cosmic ray spectrum with Fermi shock acceleration
Creators: name: Kachelriess, M.
name: Semikoz, D. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The energy spectrum of ultra-high energy cosmic rays (UHECR) is usually calculated for sources with identical properties. Assuming that all sources can accelerate UHECR protons to the same extremely high maximal energy E_max > 10^{20} eV and have the steeply falling injection spectrum 1/E^{2.7}, one can reproduce the measured cosmic ray flux above E > 10^{18} eV. We show that relaxing the assumption of identical sources and using a power-law distribution of their maximal energy allows one to explain the observed UHECR spectrum with the injection 1/E^2 predicted by Fermi shock acceleration.
description: v2: extended discussion
Transition from Mott insulator to superconductor in GaNb$_{4}$Se$_{8}$ and GaTa$_{4}$Se$_{8}$ under high pressure
Creators: name: Abd-Elmeguid, M. M.
name: Ni, B.
name: Khomskii, D. I.
name: Pocha, R.
name: Johrendt, D.
name: Wang, X.
name: Syassen, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Electronic conduction in GaM$_{4}$Se$_{8}$ (M=Nb;Ta) compounds with the fcc GaMo$_{4}$S$_{8}$-type structure originates from hopping of localized unpaired electrons (S=1/2) among widely separated tetrahedral M$_{4}$ metal clusters. We show that under pressure these systems transform from Mott insulators to a metallic and superconducting state with T$_{C}$=2.9 and 5.8K at 13 and 11.5GPa for GaNb$_{4}$Se$_{8}$ and GaTa$_{4}$Se$_{8}$, respectively. The occurrence of superconductivity is shown to be connected with a pressure-induced decrease of the MSe$_{6}$ octahedral distortion and simultaneous softening of the phonon associated with MSe-bonds.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures
Price Discrimination in the Context of Vertical Differentiation: An Application to Canadian Wheat Exports
Creators: name: Lavoie, Nathalie
name: Lavoie, Nathalie
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries
Demand and Price Analysis
Industrial Organization
International Relations/Trade

description: This study examines the ability of the Canadian Wheat Board (CWB) to price discriminate in bread wheat exports. This study models wheat as a vertically differentiated intermediate good and modifies the model of vertical differentiation by Mussa and Rosen to the realities of wheat import demand. The conceptual model isolates the bases of price discrimination and demonstrates that the CWB's ability to exploit cost differences in pricing depends on the extent of the differentiation between Canadian and U.S. wheat. This model is implemented using monthly confidential price data provided by the CWB for exports to Japan, the United Kingdom, and two markets aggregating remaining exports through Canada's west and east coasts, for 1982 1994. The data indicate that the CWB charges different prices to different countries for wheat of the same grade and protein content. Results from the model indicate that the price difference between any two markets is not completely explained by elements of perfect competition. However, the evidence is mixed regarding the ability of the CWB to utilize all the instruments available to price discriminate. Thus, the CWB's pricing strategy may be more complex and dynamic than the prescription for static producer surplus maximization derived in this study.
Strong one-pion decay of ground state charmed baryons
Creators: name: Albertus, C.
name: Hernandez, E.
name: Nieves, J.
name: Verde-Velasco, J. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We evaluate the widths for the strong decays $Σ_c\toΛ_c π$, $Σ_c^*\toΛ_c π$ and $Ξ_c^{*}\toΞ_c π$. The calculations have been done within a nonrelativistic constituent quark model with wave functions that take advantage of the constraints imposed by heavy quark symmetry. Partial conservation of axial current hypothesis allows us to determine the strong vertices from an analysis of the weak axial current matrix elements. Our results are in good agreement with experimental data.
description: 3 latex pages. Contribution to the Proceedings of the Particles and Nuclei International Conference (PANIC05). Santa Fe (NM) Oct 24-28, 2005
Hyperplane arrangements and Lefschetz's hyperplane section theorem
Creators: name: Yoshinaga, Masahiko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 32S22 (Primary) 14F35, 32S50 (Secondary)

description: The Lefschetz hyperplane section theorem asserts that an affine variety is homotopy equivalent to a space obtained from its generic hyperplane section by attaching some cells. The purpose of this paper is to describe attaching maps of these cells for the complement of a complex hyperplane arrangement defined over real numbers. The cells and attaching maps are described in combinatorial terms of chambers. We also discuss the cellular chain complex with coefficients in a local system and a presentation for the fundamental group associated to the minimal CW-decomposition for the complement.
description: 47 pages, 13 figures; v.2: typos corrected, references added, v.3: minor change, v.4: minor change, v.5: final form to appear in Kodai Math. Journal (2007)
Chimpanzee cardiovascular health ESM from Healthy cardiovascular biomarkers across the lifespan in wild-born chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes)
Creators: name: Cole, Megan F.
name: Averill Cantwell
name: Rukundo, Joshua
name: Ajarova, Lilly
name: Fernandez-Navarro, Sofia
name: Atencia, Rebeca
name: Rosati, Alexandra G.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Health Care
subject: Diseases
subject: 111706 Epidemiology
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) are a crucial model for understanding the evolution of human health and longevity. Cardiovascular disease is a major source of mortality during ageing in humans and therefore a key issue for comparative research. Current data indicate that compared to humans, chimpanzees have proatherogenic blood lipid profiles, an important risk factor for cardiovascular disease in humans. However, most work to date on chimpanzee lipids come from laboratory-living populations where lifestyles diverge from a wild context. Here, we examined cardiovascular profiles in chimpanzees living in African sanctuaries, who semi-free-range in large forested enclosures, consume a naturalistic diet, and generally experience conditions more similar to a wild chimpanzee lifestyle. We measured blood lipids, body weight and body fat in 75 sanctuary chimpanzees and compared them to publicly available data from laboratory-living chimpanzees from the Primate Ageing Database. We found that semi-free-ranging chimpanzees exhibited lower body weight and lower levels of lipids that are risk factors for human cardiovascular disease, and that some of these disparities increased with age. Our findings support the hypothesis that lifestyle can shape health indices in chimpanzees, similar to effects observed across human populations, and contribute to an emerging understanding of human cardiovascular health in evolutionary context.This article is part of the theme issue ‘Evolution of the primate ageing process’.
Berichte aus dem Osten und überliefertes Wissen
Creators: name: Tvaradze, Aleksandre
Publisher: name: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients
Year: 2024

description: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients, Bd. 96 (2012): Oriens christianus, Band 96
Sequential generation of entangled multi-qubit states
Creators: name: Schoen, C.
name: Solano, E.
name: Verstraete, F.
name: Cirac, J. I.
name: Wolf, M. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the deterministic generation of entangled multi-qubit states by the sequential coupling of an ancillary system to initially uncorrelated qubits. We characterize all achievable states in terms of classes of matrix product states and give a recipe for the generation on demand of any multi-qubit state. The proposed methods are suitable for any sequential generation-scheme, though we focus on streams of single photon time-bin qubits emitted by an atom coupled to an optical cavity. We show, in particular, how to generate familiar quantum information states such as W, GHZ, and cluster states, within such a framework.
description: 4 pages and 2 figures, submitted for publication
Tripping the traps and pitfalls of community-initiated conservation using good collaborative principles
Creators: name: Walls, Timothy Stuart
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: This thesis analyses a special form of land conservation, community-initiated conservation (CIC). CIC is rooted in communities working to protect lands that they deem biologically or recreationally important. A community starts the CIC process, not government or conservation organisations. To protect spaces, communities may link with governments for institutional recognition and management, or the land and its management may remain in the hands of the community. Social research methods that place the author/researcher within the context of his value system and the values of the community studied form the cornerstone of the thesis. Of the many ways of analysing CIC, this thesis utilises collaboration theory. To apply collaboration theory to the CIC processes on Galiano, the thesis first sets the context: how land conservation in BC is effected, followed by what makes CIC unique. Ultimately, the theory on collaboration is combined with CIC experiences to develop a framework of analysis, which is then applied to two CIC processes on Galiano Island, BC and answers the following questions: 1. Is collaboration theory a relevant tool for evaluating CICs, particularly if CICs are not "as collaborative" as other processes? 2. Can CIC on Galiano Island, BC be considered collaborative? If CIC on Galiano is collaborative, to what extent was it collaborative in a multistakeholder sense? 3. How well did the citizens of Galiano collaborate? 4. How can collaboration theory strengthen CIC? The research concludes that collaboration theory is a relevant tool to analyse CICs, despite their limited inclusion o f potential public stakeholders suggested by other multistakeholder processes such as the B C Roundtable on the Environment and the Economy. CIC as practised on Galiano did not follow the ideal steps for collaboration according to collaboration theorists; however, the groups did ultimately conserve land. The consequences are a continued contentious atmosphere on the Island, reluctance by all parties to enter other collaborative efforts and mistrust within the community. Finally, the thesis recommends actions for other CICs in B C based on the experiences of the Galiano processes. These recommendations are categorised under the headings: the collaborative process, stakeholders and stakeholder interactions and the larger context of the CIC process.
Testing the Theory: Vertical Strategic Interaction and Demand Functional Form
Creators: name: Cotterill, Ronald W.
name: Putsis, William P.
name: Cotterill, Ronald W.
name: Putsis, William P.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Industrial Organization
subject: pricing
subject: channels
subject: private labels
subject: competitive strategy

description: Formulating theoretical models inevitably requires various simplifications that assist in making analysis tractable and that facilitate deriving closed form solutions. While the strategic insights gained from theoretical models of market phenomena are often quite valuable, testing the theoretical assumptions made in these models can aid in assessing the broader applicability of the conclusions drawn. This is particularly true in the channels area, where the focus of research to date has largely been theoretical in nature. In an initial attempt to examine some of the assumptions made in previous theoretical research (e.g., Jeuland and Shugan 1983, McGuire and Staelin 1983, Choi 1991, Raju, Sethuraman and Dhar 1995), we focus on a limited set of issues. First, we empirically examine the vertical channel assumptions made in two well-cited models of retailer-manufacturer interaction: a) the Choi (1991) Manufacturer-Stackelberg (MS) model, and b) the Raju, Sethuraman and Dhar (1995) Stackelberg model addressing store brands. Specifically, empirical tests are developed for Manufacturer Stackelberg conduct and the use of proportional mark-up rules within the channel. Second, since each of these models assume relatively simple linear demand structures, we examine how well linear demands characterize actual market behavior by comparing them to a flexible non-linear form, the LA/AIDS model. The empirical analysis is conducted using data for six individual categories (milk, butter, bread, pasta, margarine and instant coffee) across 59 local markets in 1991 and 1992. The empirical results generally support the assumptions of proportional mark-up behavior by retailers and Manufacturer Stackelberg conduct (Choi 1991) within the channel. While this lends support to the assumptions made in a number of theoretical models addressing channel behavior, we reject linear demands in a favor of a more flexible non-linear form. When combined with the analytical work of Lee and Staelin (1997), this suggests that additional theoretical and empirical work is needed in order to fully understand the implications of using a linear demand specification.
Unsaturated Single Atoms on Monolayer Transition Metal Dichalcogenides for Ultrafast Hydrogen Evolution
Creators: name: Luo, Yuting
name: Zhang, Shuqing
name: Pan, Haiyang
name: Xiao, Shujie
name: Guo, Zenglong
name: Tang, Lei
name: Khan, Usman
name: Ding, Baofu
name: Li, Meng
name: Cai, Zhengyang
name: Zhao, Yue
name: Lv, Wei
name: Feng, Qinliang
name: Zou, Xiaolong
name: Lin, Junhao
name: Cheng, Hui-Ming
name: Liu, Bilu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Large scale implementation of electrochemical water splitting for hydrogen evolution requires cheap and efficient catalysts to replace expensive platinum. Molybdenum disulfide is one of the most promising alternative catalysts but its intrinsic activity is still inferior to platinum. There is therefore a need to explore new active site origins in molybdenum disulfide with ultrafast reaction kinetics and to understand their mechanisms. Here, we report a universal cold hydrogen plasma reduction method for synthesizing different single atoms sitting on two-dimensional monolayers. In case of molybdenum disulfide, we design and identify a new type of active site, i.e., unsaturated Mo single atoms on cogenetic monolayer molybdenum disulfide. The catalyst shows exceptional intrinsic activity with a Tafel slope of 35.1 mV dec-1 and a turnover frequency of ~10^3 s-1 at 100 mV, based on single flake microcell measurements. Theoretical studies indicate that coordinately unsaturated Mo single atoms sitting on molybdenum disulfide increase the bond strength between adsorbed hydrogen atoms and the substrates through hybridization, leading to fast hydrogen adsorption/desorption kinetics and superior hydrogen evolution activity. This work shines fresh light on preparing highly-efficient electrocatalysts for water splitting and other electrochemical processes, as well as provides a general method to synthesize single atoms on two-dimensional monolayers.
description: 25 pages, 4 figures
Scattering properties and composition of cometary dust
Creators: name: Gupta, Ranjan
name: Vaidya, D. B.
name: Dobbie, J. S.
name: Chylek, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Composition of Comet dust obtained by the dust impact analyser on the Halley probes indicated that the comet dust is a mixure of silicate and carbonaceous material. The collected interplanetary dust particles (IDP's) are fluffy and composite having grains of several different types stuck together. Using Discrete Dipole Approximation (DDA) we study the scattering properties of composite grains. In particular, we study the angular distribution of the scattered intensity and linear polarization of composite grains. We assume that the composite grains are made up of host silicate sphere/spheroid with the inclusions of graphite. Results of our calculations on the composite grains show that the angle of maximum polarization shifts, and the degree of polarizaion varies with the volume fraction of inclusions. We use these results on the composite grains to interpret the observed scattering in the cometary dust.
description: 22 pages, 11 figures. To appear in Astrophysics & Space Science, 2005
Cosmic microwave background multipole alignments in slab topologies
Creators: name: Cresswell, James G.
name: Liddle, Andrew R.
name: Mukherjee, Pia
name: Riazuelo, Alain
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Several analyses of the microwave sky maps from the Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe (WMAP) have drawn attention to alignments amongst the low-order multipoles. Amongst the various possible explanations, an effect of cosmic topology has been invoked by several authors. We focus on an alignment of the first four multipoles (\ell = 2 to 5) found by Land and Magueijo (2005), and investigate the distribution of their alignment statistic for a set of simulated cosmic microwave background maps for cosmologies with slab-like topology. We find that this topology does offer a modest increase in the probability of the observed value, but that even for the smallest topology considered the probability of the observed value remains below one percent.
description: 6 pages RevTex with 6 figures included. Minor changes to match version accepted as Physical Review D Rapid Communication
RETAIL OLIGOPOLY POWER, DAIRY COMPACT, AND BOSTON MILK PRICES
Creators: name: Chidmi, Benaissa
name: Lopez, Rigoberto A.
name: Cotterill, Ronald W.
name: Chidmi, Benaissa
name: Lopez, Rigoberto A.
name: Cotterill, Ronald W.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2004
Subjects: Industrial Organization
Livestock Production/Industries

description: This paper assesses the impacts of the Northeast Dairy Compact (NEDC) and retail oligopoly power on fluid milk prices in Boston. Empirical results reveal that price increases due to oligopoly power outweighed those caused by the NEDC by nearly seven times. In fact, markups are estimated at approximately 25% of the retail milk price, translating into approximately a little less than $0.75/gallon. We also estimated that only around two-thirds of the raw milk price changes were passed forward to consumers. This helps explain why consumer prices have come down only little after elimination of the NEDC. In fact, the new milk income loss contract program, which basically provides partial price subsidies to farmers, has contributed to low raw milk prices that have generated substantial benefits to milk processors and retailers, modest benefits to farmers and consumers, all at the expense of taxpayers.
Iron Age and Roman ancient monuments and open-air museums that are available to visit in England, Scotland and Wales, Ancient Identities Output [2019]
Creators: name: Hingley, Richard
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Archaeology
subject: 210202 Heritage and Cultural Conservation
subject: FOS: Media and communications

description: This document provides information about the archaeological venues of Iron Age and Roman date that can be visited across the UK (with the exception of Northern Ireland which was not part of the Ancient Identities project). The document has been produced as part of the AHRC-funded project Ancient Identities in Modern Britain (2016-2019).
Concentration-Price Relations in Regional Fed Cattle Markets
Creators: name: Marion, Bruce W.
name: Geithman, Frederick E.
name: Marion, Bruce W.
name: Geithman, Frederick E.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1994
Subjects: Demand and Price Analysis
Industrial Organization
Livestock Production/Industries

description: Since 1977, the U.S. beef packing industry has been restructured at a pace unprecedented in large American industries. By 1987, four packers slaughtered over two-thirds of all steers and heifers. In the thirteen regional feedlot-packer markets studied here, the four leading packers slaughtered 85 percent of fed cattle, on average. The impact of packer concentration on fed cattle prices during 1971-86 was examined using several econometric models. The results generally support the hypothesis that packer concentration was negatively related to live cattle prices. Cattle prices were estimated to be about 3 percent less in the most concentrated region compared to the least concentrated region. There was evidence of a critical concentration of CR4 = 60 in regional livestock markets.