cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
InSEA meets The Big Draw Festival '22 Global Map
Creators: name: COLEMAN, KATHRYN
Publisher: name: University of Melbourne
Year: 2022
Subjects: Cultural and creative industries

description: InSEA meets The Big Draw Festival '22 Come Back to Colour: What YOU do is up to you, it could be a family art piece, work colleagues, students, 2d, 3d, a performance, video under that theme ‘Come Back to Colour’ and you upload it to your place of work or home country. InSEA is the International Society for Education through Art, the official UNESCO organisation for visual art education across the world, we currently have members in 77 countries. We are using a map so that all contributions can be seen from where they have been uploaded. We start on the 1st October and will remain open until the 31st October. InSEA meets The Big Draw Festival '22 Come Back to Colour: What YOU do is up to you, it could be a family art piece, work colleagues, students, 2d, 3d, a performance, video under that theme ‘Come Back to Colour’ and you upload it to your place of work or home country. Instructions for contributors: The markers that you add to your map can include all of the types of media that you can add to the Padlet Map wall. That means you can add pictures, videos, text, links, audio, and even documents to the markers on our InSEA Big Draw map. Padlet even has built-in tools for recording video and audio.
 PADLET LINK: https://padlet.com/InSEA22/vup1qjhce146j7bs
title: Preliminary results on the molecular study of fish-eating by ‘trawling Myotis’ bat species in Europe
Creators: name: Sommer, Robert S.
name: Hofreiter, Michael
name: Krüger, Frauke
name: Siemers, Björn M.
name: Paijmans, Johanna L. A.
name: Li, Chenhong
name: Geige, Matthias F.
Publisher: name: Senckenberg Gesellschaft für Naturforschung
Year: 2019

description: Piscivory in vespertilionid bat species in the genus Myotis and trawling as typical element of behaviour in the hunting flight above the water surface are widely acknowledged. However, among the European bat fauna, only long-fingered bats (Myotis capaccinii) are known to consume fish. In Daubenton’s bat (Myotis daubentonii) as well as the pond bat (Myotis dasycneme), both also members of the guild of European ‚trawling Myotis‚ species, piscivory is possible, but has not yet been sufficiently recorded by morphological analyses of prey in faecal pellets. Previous experimental studies have shown that fish remains are difficult to detect in faecal pellets of M. daubentonii; thus, piscivory may not always be reliably detected by morphological identification of prey remains. We analysed the DNA of faecal samples of all three trawling Myotis species from different regions of Europe by PCR amplification and Sanger sequencing of the molecular markers 16S RNA an the DNA barcode region of the cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI) for detection of possible fish DNA and taxonomic identification of species. In on 30% of the samples we were able to amplify fish-DNA based on COI in faeces of M. capaccinii and M. daubentonii from Bulgaria and in 8% using the 16S RNA locus from M. dasycneme faeces from Germany. Based on technical problems of our molecular approach, our data do not reveal a definite and reliable molecular record of diet-derived fish DNA in the faecal pellets of the investigated trawling Myotis species nor proof for piscivory in M. dasycneme and M. daubentonii. Our results may be a stimulation and draft for other researchers to test the detection of diet-derived fish DNA in trawling Myotis with improved molecular genetics approaches.
The Anomalous Case of Axion EFTs and Massive Chiral Gauge Fields
Creators: name: Bonnefoy, Quentin Rene Christian
name: Di Luzio, Luca
name: Grojean, Christophe
name: Paul, Ayan
name: Rossia, Alejo N.
Publisher: name: Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, DESY, Hamburg
Year: 2020
Subjects: new physics
effective field theory
gauge field theory: chiral
gauge boson: coupling
axion: coupling
coupling: anomaly
symmetry: Peccei-Quinn
fermion: matter
fermion: heavy
fermion: coupling
electroweak interaction: precision measurement

description: We study axion effective field theories (EFTs), with a focus on axion couplings to massive chiral gauge fields. We investigate the EFT interactions that participate in processes with an axion and two gauge bosons, and we show that, when massive chiral gauge fields are present, such interactions do not entirely originate from the usual anomalous EFT terms. We illustrate this both at the EFT level and by matching to UV-complete theories. In order to assess the consistency of the Peccei--Quinn (PQ) anomaly matching, it is useful to introduce an auxiliary, non-dynamical gauge field associated to the PQ symmetry. When applied to the case of the Standard Model (SM) electroweak sector, our results imply that anomaly-based sum rules between EFT interactions are violated when chiral matter is integrated out, which constitutes a smoking gun of the latter. As an illustration, we study a UV-complete chiral extension of the SM, containing an axion arising from an extended Higgs sector and heavy fermionic matter that obtains most of its mass by coupling to the Higgs doublets. We assess the viability of such a SM extension through electroweak precision tests, bounds on Higgs rates and direct searches for heavy charged matter. At energies below the mass of the new chiral fermions, the model matches onto an EFT where the electroweak gauge symmetry is non-linearly realised.
Dynamical control of interference using voltage pulses in the quantum regime
Creators: name: Gaury, Benoit
name: Waintal, Xavier
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: As a general trend, nanoelectronics experiments are shifting toward frequencies so high that they become comparable to the device's internal characteristic time scales, resulting in new opportunities for studying the dynamical aspects of quantum mechanics. Here we theoretically study how a voltage pulse (in the quantum regime) propagates through an electronic interferometer (Fabry- Perot or Mach-Zehnder). We show that extremely fast pulses provide a conceptually new tool for manipulating quantum information: the possibility to dynamically engineer the interference pattern of a quantum system. Striking physical signatures are associated with this new regime: restoration of the interference in presence of large bias voltages; negative currents with respect to the direction of propagation of the voltage pulse; and oscillation of the total transmitted charge with the total number of injected electrons. The present findings have been made possible by the recent unlocking of our capability for simulating time-resolved quantum nanoelectronics of large systems.
description: 11 pages, 9 figures
Multivariate Simulation-based Forecasting for Intraday Power Markets: Modelling Cross-Product Price Effects
Creators: name: Hirsch, Simon
name: Ziel, Florian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Statistical Finance (q-fin.ST)
subject: Econometrics (econ.EM)
subject: Computational Finance (q-fin.CP)
subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Intraday electricity markets play an increasingly important role in balancing the intermittent generation of renewable energy resources, which creates a need for accurate probabilistic price forecasts. However, research to date has focused on univariate approaches, while in many European intraday electricity markets all delivery periods are traded in parallel. Thus, the dependency structure between different traded products and the corresponding cross-product effects cannot be ignored. We aim to fill this gap in the literature by using copulas to model the high-dimensional intraday price return vector. We model the marginal distribution as a zero-inflated Johnson's $S_U$ distribution with location, scale and shape parameters that depend on market and fundamental data. The dependence structure is modelled using latent beta regression to account for the particular market structure of the intraday electricity market, such as overlapping but independent trading sessions for different delivery days. We allow the dependence parameter to be time-varying. We validate our approach in a simulation study for the German intraday electricity market and find that modelling the dependence structure improves the forecasting performance. Additionally, we shed light on the impact of the single intraday coupling (SIDC) on the trading activity and price distribution and interpret our results in light of the market efficiency hypothesis. The approach is directly applicable to other European electricity markets.
Dissipation signatures of the normal and superfluid phases in torsion pendulum experiments with 3He in aerogel
Creators: name: Zhelev, N.
name: Bennett, R. G.
name: Smith, E. N.
name: Pollanen, J.
name: Halperin, W. P.
name: Parpia, J. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present data for energy dissipation factor (Q^{-1}) over a broad temperature range at various pressures of a torsion pendulum setup used to study 3He confined in a 98% open silica aerogel. Values for Q^{-1} above T_c are temperature independent and have a weak pressure dependence. Below T_c, a deliberate axial compression of the aerogel by 10% widens the range of metastability for a superfluid Equal Spin Pairing (ESP) state; we observe this ESP phase on cooling and the B phase on warming over an extended temperature region. While the dissipation for the B phase tends to zero as T goes to 0, Q^{-1} exhibits a peak value greater than that at T_c at intermediate temperatures. Values for Q^{-1} in the ESP phase are consistently higher than in the B phase and are proportional to ρ_s/ρuntil the ESP to B phase transition is attained. We apply a viscoelastic collision-drag model, which couples the motion of the helium and the aerogel through a frictional relaxation time τ_f. Our dissipation data is not sensitive to the damping due to the presumed small but non-zero value of τ_f. The result is that an additional mechanism to dissipate energy not captured in the collision-drag model and related to the emergence of the superfluid order must exist. The extra dissipation below T_c is possibly associated with mutual friction between the superfluid phases and the clamped normal fluid. The pressure dependence of the measured dissipation in both superfluid phases is likely related to the pressure dependence of the gap structure of the "dirty" superfluid. The large dissipation in the ESP state is consistent with the phase being the A or the Polar with the order parameter nodes oriented in the plane of the cell and perpendicular to the aerogel anisotropy axis.
description: 12 pages, 7 figures
Mechanism of hole propagation in the orbital compass models
Creators: name: Brzezicki, Wojciech
name: Daghofer, Maria
name: Oleś, Andrzej M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore the propagation of a single hole in the quantum compass model, whose nematic ground state is given by mutually decoupled antiferromagnetic chains. The compass model can be seen as the strong-coupling limit of a spinless two-band Hubbard model, which we study here using mean field theory and the variational cluster approach. Due to the symmetries of the compass model, the inherent disorder along one lattice direction turns out not to affect hole motion and doping a hole consequently does not lift the subextensive degeneracy of the nematic phase. In order to broaden and deepen understanding, we derive a generalized itinerant model and address the transition to two-dimensional Ising order. We observe coherent hole motion in both the nematic and the antiferromagnetic phases, also in the presence of quantum fluctuations away from pure Ising exchange. In addition to quantum fluctuations and interorbital hopping, three-site hopping is found to play an important role and to dominate propagation in the two-dimensional Ising limit as well as along the antiferromagnetic chains in the nematic order which forms in the compass model.
description: 12 pages, 6 figures
title: Comparative anatomy and homology of jaw adductor muscles of some South Asian colubroid snakes (Serpentes: Colubroidea)
Creators: name: Das, Sunandan
name: Pramanick, Kousik
Publisher: name: Senckenberg Gesellschaft für Naturforschung
Year: 2019

description: We studied jaw adductor muscles in eighteen species of South Asian colubroid snakes and presented a comparative account of their anatomy. The deepest layer of external adductor appears to be a composite of aductor mandibulae externus medialis and profundus fibres and caenophidians are characterized by an attenuation of the former muscle which may be correlated with the development of a derived type of mandible. Our observations further suggest that, though highly reduced, fibres homologous to adductor mandibulae externus medialis may be present in at least some colubroids with a bodenaponeurosis. Some hitherto unreported features pertaining to levator anguli oris and pterygomandibularis of some studied elapid, colubrine colubrid and ahaetuliine colubrid genera are also described.
Volatility occupation times
Creators: name: Li, Jia
name: Todorov, Viktor
name: Tauchen, George
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We propose nonparametric estimators of the occupation measure and the occupation density of the diffusion coefficient (stochastic volatility) of a discretely observed Itô semimartingale on a fixed interval when the mesh of the observation grid shrinks to zero asymptotically. In a first step we estimate the volatility locally over blocks of shrinking length, and then in a second step we use these estimates to construct a sample analogue of the volatility occupation time and a kernel-based estimator of its density. We prove the consistency of our estimators and further derive bounds for their rates of convergence. We use these results to estimate nonparametrically the quantiles associated with the volatility occupation measure.
description: Published in at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/13-AOS1135 the Annals of Statistics (http://www.imstat.org/aos/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
title: Apistogramma psammophila – a new geophagine dwarf cichlid (Teleostei: Cichlidae) from the Rio Atabapo drainage in Colombia and Venezuela
Creators: name: Staeck, Wolfgang
name: Schindler, Ingo
Publisher: name: Senckenberg Gesellschaft für Naturforschung
Year: 2019

description: Apistogramma psammophila sp. n. is described from the lower Rio Atabapo drainage in Colombia (Departamento Guainía) and Venezuela (Estado Amazonas). It can be distinguished from all congeners by the following combination of characters: Two dark horizontal stripes on body side, two pectoral spots, suborbital stripe becoming much wider ventrally, and no caudal spot. In adult males soft dorsal and anal fins each with long filamentous prolongation almost reaching posterior margin of caudal fin, and pelvic fins with filamentous extension, nearly reaching middle of anal-fin base. It is most similar to Apistogramma diplotaenia Kullander, 1987, but differs from this species by an irregular pattern of 6 – 8 short vertical dark bar-like markings below the lower lateral stripe, and adult males with reddish area on cheek and chest between eye and pectoral axilla and distinctly lanceolate caudal fin.
On the pressure exerted by a bundle of independent living filaments
Creators: name: Ryckaert, Jean-Paul
name: Ramachandran, Sanoop
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The properties of a bundle of grafted semi-flexible living filaments in ideal solution facing an obstacle wall, under supercritical conditions, are explored. For this purpose, we make use of the discrete wormlike chain model characterized by the monomer size $d$, a size dependent contour length $L_{\rm c}$ and a persistence length $l_{\rm p}$. The calculation of the equilibrium filament size distribution and the average equilibrium force require the knowledge of the wall effect on the single filament partition function of any size, which can be computed by Metropolis Monte-Carlo methods. The force exerted by a living filament on a fixed wall turns out to be the weighted average of the dead grafted filament forces computed for sizes hitting the wall, multiplied by the probability of occurrence of the corresponding filament size. As the distance to the wall is varied, the resultant force shows large variations whose amplitude decrease with increasing gap sizes and/or with decreasing persistence length. Also, its average over a gap interval of precise size $d$ gives an average force close to what is expected by the ratchet model for actin growth against a wall. The osmotic pressure exerted by $N_f$ filaments is the average equilibrium force per filament times the grafting surface density.
description: 16 pages, 6 figures, Accepted in Mol. Phys
Bovidae Gray 1821
Creators: name: Honacki, James H.
name: Kinman, Kenneth E.
name: Koeppl, James W.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1982
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Artiodactyla
Bovidae

description: Family Bovidae REVIEWED BY: C. R. Durst (CRD); D. C. Gordon (DCG); P. Grubb (PG); O. L. Rossolimo (OLR)(U.S.S.R.); R. G. Van Gelder (RGVG); S. Wang (SW)(China). COMMENT: Includes Antilocapridae; see O'Gara and Matson, 1975, J. Mammal., 58:829-846; but see also Corbet and Hill, 1980:121, and Hall, 1981: 1106. ISIS NUMBER: 5301419009000000000.
description: Published as part of James H. Honacki, Kenneth E. Kinman & James W. Koeppl, 1982, Order Artiodactyla, pp. 315-343 in Mammal Species of the World (1 st Edition), Lawrence, Kansas, USA :Alien Press, Inc. & The Association of Systematics Collections on page 326, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7352976
description: {"references": ["O'Gara, B. W., and G. Matson. 1975. Growth and casting of horns by pronghorns and exfoliation of horns by bovids. Journal of Mammalogy, 56: 829 - 846.", "Corbet, G. B., and J. E. Hill. 1980. A world list of mammalian species. British Museum (Natural History), London, 226 pp.", "Hall, E. R. 1981. The mammals of North America. Second ed. John Wiley and Sons, New York, 1: 1 - 600 + 90, 2: 601 - 1181 + 90."]}
The environments of luminous radio galaxies and type-2 quasars
Creators: name: Almeida, Cristina Ramos
name: Bessiere, P. S.
name: Tadhunter, C.
name: Inskip, K. J.
name: Morganti, R.
name: Dicken, D.
name: Gonzalez-Serrano, J. I.
name: Holt, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the results of a comparison between the environments of 1) a complete sample of 46 southern 2Jy radio galaxies at intermediate redshifts (0.05 < z < 0.7), 2) a complete sample of 20 radio-quiet type-2 quasars (0.3 < z < 0.41), and 3) a control sample of 107 quiescent early-type galaxies at 0.2 < z < 0.7 in the Extended Groth Strip (EGS). The environments have been quantified using angular clustering amplitudes (Bgq) derived from deep optical imaging data. Based on these comparisons, we discuss the role of the environment in the triggering of powerful radio-loud and radio-quiet quasars. When we compare the Bgq distributions of the type-2 quasars and quiescent early-type galaxies, we find no significant difference between them. This is consistent with the radio-quiet quasar phase being a short-lived but ubiquitous stage in the formation of all massive early-type galaxies. On the other hand, PRGs are in denser environments than the quiescent population, and this difference between distributions of Bgq is significant at the 3 sigma level. This result supports a physical origin of radio loudness, with high density gas environments favouring the transformation of AGN power into radio luminosity, or alternatively, affecting the properties of the supermassive black holes themselves. Finally, focussing on the radio-loud sources only, we find that the clustering of weak-line radio galaxies (WLRGs) is higher than the strong-line radio galaxies (SLRGs), constituting a 3 sigma result. 82% of the 2Jy WLRGs are in clusters, according to our definition (Bgq > 400) versus only 31% of the SLRGs.
description: 17 pages + Appendix, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Heavy quarkonium fragmentation functions from a heavy quark pair. II. $P$ wave
Creators: name: Ma, Yan-Qing
name: Qiu, Jian-Wei
name: Zhang, Hong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently, a new perturbative QCD factorization formalism for heavy quarkonium production at a large transverse momentum was proposed. Phenomenological application of this new approach relies on our knowledge of a large number of universal fragmentation functions (FFs) at an input factorization scale $μ_0\gtrsim 2m_Q$ with heavy quark mass $m_Q$, which are nonperturbative, and in principle, should be extracted from data. With heavy quark mass $m_Q\gg Λ_{\rm QCD}$, we calculate these input FFs in terms of non-relativistic QCD (NRQCD) factorization. In a companion paper, we calculated these input FFs in NRQCD factorization approach including all contributions from $S$-wave NRQCD $Q\bar{Q}$-states. In this paper, we calculate contributions to the heavy quark-pair FFs from all $P$-wave NRQCD $Q\bar{Q}$-states.
description: 38 pages, 3 figures, typos corrected, references added, version accepted by Journal
Modular interpolating functions for N=4 SYM
Creators: name: Alday, Luis F.
name: Bissi, Agnese
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct interpolating functions fully compatible with S-duality. We then consider the problem of resumming perturbative expansions for anomalous dimensions of low twist non-protected operators in N=4 super Yang-Mills theory. When the rank of the gauge group is small, the interpolations suggest that anomalous dimensions of leading twist operators take their maximum value at the point $τ=\exp(iπ/3)$. For fixed spin and large enough rank, there is a level-crossing region, where the anomalous dimension of the leading twist operator reaches its maximum and then bounces back.
description: 13 pages, 5 figures; v2: comments added
Addax Rafinesque 1815
Creators: name: Honacki, James H.
name: Kinman, Kenneth E.
name: Koeppl, James W.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1982
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Artiodactyla
Bovidae
Addax

description: Addax Rafinesque, 1815. Analyse de la Nature, p. 56. ISIS NUMBER: 5301419009011000000.
description: Published as part of James H. Honacki, Kenneth E. Kinman & James W. Koeppl, 1982, Order Artiodactyla, pp. 315-343 in Mammal Species of the World (1 st Edition), Lawrence, Kansas, USA :Alien Press, Inc. & The Association of Systematics Collections on page 326, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7352976
Kryptonesticus eremita
Creators: name: Fusco, Tommaso
name: Fattorini, Simone
name: Fortini, Lorenzo
name: Ruzzier, Enrico
name: Di Giulio, Andrea
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Araneae
Nesticidae
Kryptonesticus
Kryptonesticus eremita

description: Kryptonesticus eremita (Simon, 1880)
Materials
Type status: Other material. Occurrence: recordedBy: Fattorini S., Di Giulio A.; individualCount: 1; sex: male; lifeStage: adult; occurrenceID: 259737DB-55BB-53AD-BDD0-C1DED03747DA; Taxon: scientificName: Kryptonesticus eremita (Simon, 1880); order: Araneae; family: Nesticidae; genus: Kryptonesticus; Location: country: Italy; countryCode: IT; stateProvince: Rome; county: Rome; municipality: Rome; locality: Appia Antica Regional Park, Rome; locationRemarks: Cava Fiorucci; decimalLatitude: 41.834106; decimalLongitude: 12.549264; geodeticDatum: WGS 84; Identification: identifiedBy: Tommaso Fusco; dateIdentified: 2022; Event: samplingProtocol: Pitfall traps; eventDate: 2014-06 - 13; Record Level: collectionID: Roma 3 _ 5.8
Distribution
Europe, Turkey. European (EUR) chorotype.
description: Published as part of Fusco, Tommaso, Fattorini, Simone, Fortini, Lorenzo, Ruzzier, Enrico & Di Giulio, Andrea, 2024, Ground spiders (Chelicerata, Araneae) of an urban green space: intensive sampling in a protected area of Rome (Italy) reveals a high diversity and new records to the Italian territory, pp. e 122896 in Biodiversity Data Journal 12 on page e122896, DOI: 10.3897/BDJ.12.e122896
Addax nasomaculatus
Creators: name: Honacki, James H.
name: Kinman, Kenneth E.
name: Koeppl, James W.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1982
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Artiodactyla
Bovidae
Addax
Addax nasomaculatus

description: Addax nasomaculatus (Blainville, 1816). Bull. Sci. Soc. Philom. Paris, p. 75. TYPE LOCALITY: Probably Senegambia. DISTRIBUTION: Mauritania to Sudan; formerly Egypt to Tunisia. COMMENT: Nearly extinct in wild (RGVG). PROTECTED STATUS: CITES - Appendix II. ISIS NUMBER: 5301419009011001001.
description: Published as part of James H. Honacki, Kenneth E. Kinman & James W. Koeppl, 1982, Order Artiodactyla, pp. 315-343 in Mammal Species of the World (1 st Edition), Lawrence, Kansas, USA :Alien Press, Inc. & The Association of Systematics Collections on page 326, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7352976
Evaluating AI systems under uncertain ground truth: a case study in dermatology
Creators: name: Stutz, David
name: Cemgil, Ali Taylan
name: Roy, Abhijit Guha
name: Matejovicova, Tatiana
name: Barsbey, Melih
name: Strachan, Patricia
name: Schaekermann, Mike
name: Freyberg, Jan
name: Rikhye, Rajeev
name: Freeman, Beverly
name: Matos, Javier Perez
name: Telang, Umesh
name: Webster, Dale R.
name: Liu, Yuan
name: Corrado, Greg S.
name: Matias, Yossi
name: Kohli, Pushmeet
name: Liu, Yun
name: Doucet, Arnaud
name: Karthikesalingam, Alan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: For safety, medical AI systems undergo thorough evaluations before deployment, validating their predictions against a ground truth which is assumed to be fixed and certain. However, this ground truth is often curated in the form of differential diagnoses. While a single differential diagnosis reflects the uncertainty in one expert assessment, multiple experts introduce another layer of uncertainty through disagreement. Both forms of uncertainty are ignored in standard evaluation which aggregates these differential diagnoses to a single label. In this paper, we show that ignoring uncertainty leads to overly optimistic estimates of model performance, therefore underestimating risk associated with particular diagnostic decisions. To this end, we propose a statistical aggregation approach, where we infer a distribution on probabilities of underlying medical condition candidates themselves, based on observed annotations. This formulation naturally accounts for the potential disagreements between different experts, as well as uncertainty stemming from individual differential diagnoses, capturing the entire ground truth uncertainty. Our approach boils down to generating multiple samples of medical condition probabilities, then evaluating and averaging performance metrics based on these sampled probabilities. In skin condition classification, we find that a large portion of the dataset exhibits significant ground truth uncertainty and standard evaluation severely over-estimates performance without providing uncertainty estimates. In contrast, our framework provides uncertainty estimates on common metrics of interest such as top-k accuracy and average overlap, showing that performance can change multiple percentage points. We conclude that, while assuming a crisp ground truth can be acceptable for many AI applications, a more nuanced evaluation protocol should be utilized in medical diagnosis.
Reduzierung des Energieverbrauchs bei Ladevorgängen von Forstmaschinen durch hydraulische Transformatoren
Creators: name: Geiger, Chris
name: Beiser, Sebastian
name: Kaupp, Jonas
name: Geimer, Marcus
Publisher: name: KIT Scientific Publishing
Year: 2020
Subjects: Forwarder
Hydraulischer Transformator
Energiereduktion
Ladezyklus
Simulationsmodell
Kranspitzensteuerung

description: Forstmaschinen sind ein essentieller Bestandteil im vollmechanisierten Holzernteprozess. Eine besondere Bedeutung fällt hierbei den Ladeprozessen von Rückezügen zu, welche 54 % der Arbeitszeit dieser einnehmen [1]. Im Vergleich zu einer Serienmaschine kann durch die Verwendung eines neuartigen Hydraulikkonzepts mit hydraulischem Transformator (HT-System) eine Reduktion der bei Ladeprozessen eingebrachten Energie um 15,8 % erreicht werden. Der vorliegende Beitrag beschreibt den simulationsgestützten Entwicklungsprozess des HT-Systems für Forstkräne, dessen Inbetriebnahme auf einer realen Forstmaschine und eine messtechnische Erfassung der Energiereduktion. Ergänzt wird dies durch die Entwicklung einer Kranspitzensteuerung, welche spezifisch auf das neue Hydrauliksystem angepasst ist.
Loss Functions and Metrics in Deep Learning
Creators: name: Terven, Juan
name: Cordova-Esparza, Diana M.
name: Ramirez-Pedraza, Alfonso
name: Chavez-Urbiola, Edgar A.
name: Romero-Gonzalez, Julio A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: I.4.0

description: This paper presents a comprehensive review of loss functions and performance metrics in deep learning, highlighting key developments and practical insights across diverse application areas. We begin by outlining fundamental considerations in classic tasks such as regression and classification, then extend our analysis to specialized domains like computer vision and natural language processing including retrieval-augmented generation. In each setting, we systematically examine how different loss functions and evaluation metrics can be paired to address task-specific challenges such as class imbalance, outliers, and sequence-level optimization. Key contributions of this work include: (1) a unified framework for understanding how losses and metrics align with different learning objectives, (2) an in-depth discussion of multi-loss setups that balance competing goals, and (3) new insights into specialized metrics used to evaluate modern applications like retrieval-augmented generation, where faithfulness and context relevance are pivotal. Along the way, we highlight best practices for selecting or combining losses and metrics based on empirical behaviors and domain constraints. Finally, we identify open problems and promising directions, including the automation of loss-function search and the development of robust, interpretable evaluation measures for increasingly complex deep learning tasks. Our review aims to equip researchers and practitioners with clearer guidance in designing effective training pipelines and reliable model assessments for a wide spectrum of real-world applications.
description: 134 pages, 4 figures, 21 tables, 238 equations
Electron cloud observations at the ISIS Proton Synchrotron
Creators: name: Pertica, A.
name: Payne, S. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The build up of electron clouds inside a particle accelerator vacuum chamber can produce strong transverse and longitudinal beam instabilities which in turn can lead to high levels of beam loss often requiring the accelerator to be run below its design specification. To study the behaviour of electron clouds at the ISIS Proton Synchrotron, a Micro-Channel Plate (MCP) based electron cloud detector has been developed. The detector is based on the Retarding Field Analyser (RFA) design and consists of a retarding grid, which allows energy analysis of the electron signal, and a MCP assembly placed in front of the collector plate. The MCP assembly provides a current gain over the range 300 to 25K, thereby increasing the signal to noise ratio and dynamic range of the measurements. This paper presents the first electron cloud observations at the ISIS Proton Synchrotron. These results are compared against signals from a beam position monitor and a fast beam loss monitor installed at the same location.
description: 4 pages, contribution to the Joint INFN-CERN-EuCARD-AccNet Workshop on Electron-Cloud Effects: ECLOUD'12; 5-9 Jun 2012, La Biodola, Isola d'Elba, Italy
Wake potential in collisional anisotropic quark-gluon plasma
Creators: name: Mandal, Mahatsab
name: Roy, Pradip
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Within the framework of Boltzmann transport equation with a Bhatnagar-Gross-Krook (BGK) collisional kernel, we study the wake potential induced by fast partons traveling through the high-temperature QCD plasma which is anisotropic in momentum-space. We calculate the dielectric response function of a collisional anisotropic quark-gluon plasma (AQGP) for small $ξ$ (anisotropic parameter) limit. Using this, the wake potential for various combinations of the anisotropy parameter ($ξ$) and the collision rate ($ν$) is evaluated both for parallel and perpendicular directions of motion of the fast parton. It is seen that the inclusion of the collision modifies the wake potential and the amount as well as the nature of the potential depends on the combinations of $ξ$ and $ν$
description: 11 pages, 4 figures
Gradient Navigation Model for Pedestrian Dynamics
Creators: name: Dietrich, Felix
name: Köster, Gerta
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a new microscopic ODE-based model for pedestrian dynamics: the Gradient Navigation Model. The model uses a superposition of gradients of distance functions to directly change the direction of the velocity vector. The velocity is then integrated to obtain the location. The approach differs fundamentally from force based models needing only three equations to derive the ODE system, as opposed to four in, e.g., the Social Force Model. Also, as a result, pedestrians are no longer subject to inertia. Several other advantages ensue: Model induced oscillations are avoided completely since no actual forces are present. The derivatives in the equations of motion are smooth and therefore allow the use of fast and accurate high order numerical integrators. At the same time, existence and uniqueness of the solution to the ODE system follow almost directly from the smoothness properties. In addition, we introduce a method to calibrate parameters by theoretical arguments based on empirically validated assumptions rather than by numerical tests. These parameters, combined with the accurate integration, yield simulation results with no collisions of pedestrians. Several empirically observed system phenomena emerge without the need to recalibrate the parameter set for each scenario: obstacle avoidance, lane formation, stop-and-go waves and congestion at bottlenecks. The density evolution in the latter is shown to be quantitatively close to controlled experiments. Likewise, we observe a dependence of the crowd velocity on the local density that compares well with benchmark fundamental diagrams.
description: 19 pages, 10 figures
Oecobius maculatus Simon 1870
Creators: name: Fusco, Tommaso
name: Fattorini, Simone
name: Fortini, Lorenzo
name: Ruzzier, Enrico
name: Di Giulio, Andrea
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Araneae
Oecobiidae
Oecobius
Oecobius maculatus

description: Oecobius maculatus Simon, 1870
Materials
Type status: Other material. Occurrence: recordedBy: Fattorini S., Di Giulio A.; individualCount: 1; sex: male; lifeStage: adult; occurrenceID: EA438464-1DD3-5338-B845-64579E52D210; Taxon: scientificName: Oecobius maculatus Simon, 1870; order: Araneae; family: Oecobiidae; genus: Oecobius; Location: country: Italy; countryCode: IT; stateProvince: Rome; county: Rome; municipality: Rome; locality: Appia Antica Regional Park, Rome; locationRemarks: Cava Fiorucci; decimalLatitude: 41.834106; decimalLongitude: 12.549264; geodeticDatum: WGS 84; Identification: identifiedBy: Tommaso Fusco; dateIdentified: 2022; Event: samplingProtocol: Pitfall traps; eventDate: 2014-06 - 13; Record Level: collectionID: Roma 3 _ 5.8
Type status: Other material. Occurrence: recordedBy: Fattorini S., Di Giulio A.; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; occurrenceID: 8D7C5D8E-DFD3-59ED-9494-0E85331A97EF; Taxon: scientificName: Oecobius maculatus Simon, 1870; order: Araneae; family: Oecobiidae; genus: Oecobius; Location: country: Italy; countryCode: IT; stateProvince: Rome; county: Rome; municipality: Rome; locality: Appia Antica Regional Park, Rome; locationRemarks: Casal Verbeni; decimalLatitude: 41.815250; decimalLongitude: 12.552222; geodeticDatum: WGS 84; Identification: identifiedBy: Tommaso Fusco; dateIdentified: 2022; Event: samplingProtocol: Pitfall traps; eventDate: 2014-06 - 13; Record Level: collectionID: Roma 3 _ 5.8
Distribution
Europe to Azerbaijan. Introduced to USA and Mexico. Europeo-Mediterranean (EUM) chorotype.
description: Published as part of Fusco, Tommaso, Fattorini, Simone, Fortini, Lorenzo, Ruzzier, Enrico & Di Giulio, Andrea, 2024, Ground spiders (Chelicerata, Araneae) of an urban green space: intensive sampling in a protected area of Rome (Italy) reveals a high diversity and new records to the Italian territory, pp. e 122896 in Biodiversity Data Journal 12 on page e122896, DOI: 10.3897/BDJ.12.e122896
Hot methane line lists for exoplanet and brown dwarf atmospheres
Creators: name: Hargreaves, R. J.
name: Beale, C. A.
name: Michaux, L.
name: Irfan, M.
name: Bernath, P. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present comprehensive experimental line lists of methane (CH4) at high temperatures obtained by recording Fourier transform infrared emission spectra. Calibrated line lists are presented for the temperatures 300 - 1400 degC at twelve 100 degC intervals spanning the 960 - 5000 cm-1 (2.0 - 10.4 microns) region of the infrared. This range encompasses the dyad, pentad and octad regions, i.e., all fundamental vibrational modes along with a number of combination, overtone and hot bands. Using our CH4 spectra, we have estimated empirical lower state energies (Elow in cm-1) and our values have been incorporated into the line lists along with line positions (cm-1) and calibrated line intensities (S' in cm molecule-1). We expect our hot CH4 line lists to find direct application in the modeling of planetary atmospheres and brown dwarfs.
description: Supplementary material is provided via the Astrophysical Journal reference
Voices at the top: developing a picture of leadership in Australian English language teaching
Creators: name: Craig, Barbara Elizabeth
Publisher: name: Macquarie University
Year: 2022
Subjects: Other education not elsewhere classified

description: Good leadership makes a positive difference to student outcomes, the work environment, and to organisational health (Gahan et al., 2016; Leithwood & Massey, 2010; Robinson, Lloyd, & Rowe, 2008). However, in the context of English Language Teaching (ELT) there is very little research to give us insights into the elements which contribute to good leadership and to guide us in how best to develop good leaders. This qualitative study contributes to the small pool of existing knowledge by building an understanding of some key ingredients of good ELT leadership in Australia, and by exploring effective leadership development strategies. Semi-structured interviews were held with nine current and past Australian ELT leaders from a range of contexts across a wide geographical base, and the transcripts analysed for key themes. The study found that, technical expertise in ELT pedagogy, contextual intelligence, and engagement with external communities, particularly sector associations, were important elements of good leadership in this context. It also found that some participants had well-constructed leadership learning journeys, but that this was not universal, and that other participants experienced inadequate support and developmental input. Drawing on insights from these varied experiences and from leadership development literature, this thesis, therefore, proposes that leaders benefit from coherent, individualised development pathways which encompass: support and guidance from their manager, mentors and peer networks; rich, contextualised opportunities to convert theory into practice; and supported self-development. It draws attention to how leaders, managers and the ELT sector can work together to develop both individual and collective leadership along pathways which are underpinned by theories of adult learning, and which allow for learning to occur over time. In addition to contributing to current theories of ELT leadership, this study also proposes a practical, evidence-based guideline which offers strategies and activities to help individuals, managers, and the sector in the development of ELT leaders.
Two-Point Correlator of Chiral Primary Operators with a Wilson Line Defect in $\mathcal{N}=4$ SYM
Creators: name: Barrat, Julien
name: Liendo, Pedro
name: Plefka, Jan
Publisher: name: Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, DESY, Hamburg
Year: 2020
Subjects: field theory: conformal
tensor: energy-momentum
correlation function: chiral
operator: conformal
operator: primary
dimension: conformal
dimension: 2
higher-order: 1
defect
multiplet
two-point function
anomalous dimension
perturbation theory
coupling constant
Taylor expansion
conformal block
matrix model
Wilson loop
R symmetry
capture
Konishi

description: We study the two-point function of the stress-tensor multiplet of $\mathcal{N}=4$ SYM in the presence of a line defect. To be more precise, we focus on the single-trace operator of conformal dimension two that sits in the $20'$ irrep of the $\mathfrak{so}(6)_\text{R}$ R-symmetry, and add a Maldacena-Wilson line to the configuration which makes the two-point function non-trivial. We use a combination of perturbation theory and defect CFT techniques to obtain results up to next-to-leading order in the coupling constant. Being a defect CFT correlator, there exist two (super)conformal block expansions which capture defect and bulk data respectively. We present a closed-form formula for the defect CFT data, which allows to write an efficient Taylor series for the correlator in the limit when one of the operators is close to the line. The bulk channel is technically harder and closed-form formulae are particularly challenging to obtain, nevertheless we use our analysis to check against well-known data of $\mathcal{N}=4$ SYM. In particular, we recover the correct anomalous dimensions of a famous tower of twist-two operators (which includes the Konishi multiplet), and successfully compare the one-point function of the stress-tensor multiplet with results obtained using matrix-model techniques.
Aepyceros Sundevall 1847
Creators: name: Honacki, James H.
name: Kinman, Kenneth E.
name: Koeppl, James W.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1982
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Artiodactyla
Bovidae
Aepyceros

description: Aepyceros Sundevall, 1847. Kongl. Svenska Vet.-Akad. Handl. Stockholm, for 1845, p. 271. ISIS NUMBER: 5301419009020000000.
description: Published as part of James H. Honacki, Kenneth E. Kinman & James W. Koeppl, 1982, Order Artiodactyla, pp. 315-343 in Mammal Species of the World (1 st Edition), Lawrence, Kansas, USA :Alien Press, Inc. & The Association of Systematics Collections on page 326, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7352976
N=2 higher-derivative couplings from strings
Creators: name: Katmadas, Stefanos
name: Minasian, Ruben
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the Calabi-Yau reduction of the Type IIA eight derivative one-loop stringy corrections focusing on the couplings of the four dimensional gravity multiplet with vector multiplets and a tensor multiplet containing the NS two-form. We obtain a variety of higher derivative invariants generalising the one-loop topological string coupling, $F_1$, controlled by the lowest order Kahler potential and two new non-topological quantities built out of the Calabi-Yau Riemann curvature.
description: 43 pages
Noncommuting Momenta of Topological Solitons
Creators: name: Watanabe, Haruki
name: Murayama, Hitoshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that momentum operators of a topological soliton may not commute among themselves when the soliton is associated with the second cohomology $H^2$ of the target space. The commutation relation is proportional to the winding number, taking a constant value within each topological sector. The noncommutativity makes it impossible to specify the momentum of a topological soliton, and induces a Magnus force.
description: 5 +1 pages, including Supplemental Material; v4: new references added, published version
Aepyceros melampus
Creators: name: Honacki, James H.
name: Kinman, Kenneth E.
name: Koeppl, James W.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1982
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Artiodactyla
Bovidae
Aepyceros
Aepyceros melampus

description: Aepyceros melampus (Lichtenstein, 1812). Reise Prov. Russ. Reichs., 2:544. TYPE LOCALITY: South Africa, Cape Prov., Little Namaqualand, Klipfontein. DISTRIBUTION: South Africa to Zaire, Rwanda, Uganda, and N.E. Kenya. COMMENT: Includes petersi; see Ansell, 1972, Part 15: 57. PROTECTED STATUS: U.S. ESA - Endangered as Aepyceros melampus petersi subspecies only. ISIS NUMBER: 5301419009020001001.
description: Published as part of James H. Honacki, Kenneth E. Kinman & James W. Koeppl, 1982, Order Artiodactyla, pp. 315-343 in Mammal Species of the World (1 st Edition), Lawrence, Kansas, USA :Alien Press, Inc. & The Association of Systematics Collections on page 326, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7352976
description: {"references": ["Ansell, W. F. H. 1972. Order Artiodactyla. Part 15. Pp. 1 - 84, in The mammals of Africa: An identification manual (J. Meester and H. W. Setzer, eds.) [issued 2 May 1972]. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, D. C., not continuously paginated."]}