cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Additional file 2: of Which user errors matter during HIV self-testing? A qualitative participant observation study of men who have sex with men (MSM) in China
Creators: name: Wei, Chongyi
name: Yan, Li
name: Li, Jianjun
name: Su, Xiaoyou
name: Lippman, Sheri
name: Yan, Hongjing
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: Mental Health

description: Participant observation checklist: checklist for oral swap HIV self-test. (DOC 28 kb)
title: Das Ende der Armut
title: Zur Entstehung einer aktuellen politischen Vision
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Lepenies, Philipp
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Armut
subject: Ende der Armut
subject: Armutslinien
subject: relative Deprivation
subject: 300 Sozialwissenschaften

description: Das Ende der Armut ist erklärtes Ziel der Weltgemeinschaft. Nicht nur unterschiedliche Deklarationen der Vereinten Nationen fordern ein Ende der Armut, ebenso zeigen Ökonomen wie Jeffrey Sachs optimistisch auf, was getan werden muss, damit die Armut genauso besiegt wird wie früher die Pocken. Allerdings ist die Idee eines Endes der Armut nicht neu. In diesem Aufsatz wird die Entstehung der Idee eines erreichbaren Endes der Armut historisch rekonstruiert. Dabei wird deutlich, dass ein Ende der Armut erst dann zu einer realistischen Option wurde, als man unter Armut nur noch absolute Überlebensarmut verstand und Armut empirisch zu messen begann – und damit Aspekte wie Ungleichheit ausblendete. Unsere Vorstellung davon, was Armut ist, wurde durch diese enge Sichtweise nachhaltig geprägt. Das erhoffte Ende der Armut wird daher genau nicht ein Ende dessen sein, was Armut eigentlich ausmacht.
Bayesian Modeling of Latent Heterogeneity in Complex Survey Data and Electronic Health Records
Creators: Anthopolos, Rebecca
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biometry
Bayesian statistical decision theory--Mathematical models
Longitudinal studies
Medical records--Data processing

description: In population health, the study of unobserved, or latent, heterogeneity in longitudinal data may help inform public health interventions. Growth mixture modeling is a flexible tool for modeling latent heterogeneity in longitudinal data. However, the application of growth mixture models to certain data types, namely, complex survey data and electronic health records, is underdeveloped. For valid statistical inferences in complex survey data, features of the sample design must be incorporated into statistical analysis. In electronic health records, the application of growth mixture modeling is challenged by high levels of missing values. In this dissertation, I have three goals: First, I propose a Bayesian growth mixture model for complex survey data in which I directly incorporate features of the complex sample design. Second, I extend a Bayesian growth mixture model of multiple longitudinal health outcomes collected in electronic health records to a shared parameter model that can account for dierent missing data assumptions. Third, I develop open-source software packages in R for each method that can be used for model tting, selection, and checking.
High-Energy Galactic Cosmic Rays (Astro2020 Science White Paper)
Creators: name: Schröder, Frank G.
name: AbuZayyad, Tareq
name: Anchordoqui, Luis
name: Andeen, Karen
name: Bai, Xinhua
name: BenZvi, Segev
name: Bergman, Doug
name: Coleman, Alan
name: Dembinski, Hans
name: DuVernois, Michael
name: Gaisser, Tom
name: Halzen, Francis
name: Haungs, Andreas
name: Kelley, John
name: Kolanoski, Hermann
name: McNally, Frank
name: Roth, Markus
name: Sarazin, Frederic
name: Seckel, Dave
name: Smida, Radomir
name: Soldin, Dennis
name: Tosi, Delia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The origin of the highest energy Galactic cosmic rays is still not understood, nor is the transition to EeV extragalactic particles. Scientific progress requires enhancements of existing air-shower arrays, such as: IceCube with its surface detector IceTop, and the low-energy extensions of both the Telescope Array and the Pierre Auger Observatory.
description: Science White Paper for the Astronomy and Astrophysics Decadal Survey (Astro2020)
Local U(2,2) Symmetry in Relativistic Quantum Mechanics
Creators: name: Finster, Felix
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Local gauge freedom in relativistic quantum mechanics is derived from a measurement principle for space and time. For the Dirac equation, one obtains local U(2,2) gauge transformations acting on the spinor index of the wave functions. This local U(2,2) symmetry allows a unified description of electrodynamics and general relativity as a classical gauge theory.
description: 18 pages, LaTeX, typo in second formula on page 6 corrected (published version)
Alternative Splicing and Extensive RNA Editing of Human TPH2 Transcripts
Creators: name: Grohmann, Maik
name: Hammer, Paul
name: Walther, Maria
name: Paulmann, Nils
name: Büttner, Andreas
name: Eisenmenger, Wolfgang
name: Baghai, Thomas C.
name: Schüle, Cornelius
name: Rupprecht, Rainer
name: Bader, Michael
name: Bondy, Brigitta
name: Zill, Peter
name: Priller, Josef
name: Walther, Diego J.
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie

description: Brain serotonin (5-HT) neurotransmission plays a key role in the regulation of mood and has been implicated in a variety of neuropsychiatric conditions. Tryptophan hydroxylase (TPH) is the rate-limiting enzyme in the biosynthesis of 5-HT. Recently, we discovered a second TPH isoform (TPH2) in vertebrates, including man, which is predominantly expressed in brain, while the previously known TPH isoform (TPH1) is primarly a non-neuronal enzyme. Overwhelming evidence now points to TPH2 as a candidate gene for 5-HT-related psychiatric disorders. To assess the role of TPH2 gene variability in the etiology of psychiatric diseases we performed cDNA sequence analysis of TPH2 transcripts from human post mortem amygdala samples obtained from individuals with psychiatric disorders (drug abuse, schizophrenia, suicide) and controls. Here we show that TPH2 exists in two alternatively spliced variants in the coding region, denoted TPH2a and TPH2b. Moreover, we found evidence that the pre- mRNAs of both splice variants are dynamically RNA-edited in a mutually exclusive manner. Kinetic studies with cell lines expressing recombinant TPH2 variants revealed a higher activity of the novel TPH2B protein compared with the previously known TPH2A, whereas RNA editing was shown to inhibit the enzymatic activity of both TPH2 splice variants. Therefore, our results strongly suggest a complex fine-tuning of central nervous system 5-HT biosynthesis by TPH2 alternative splicing and RNA editing. Finally, we present molecular and large-scale linkage data evidencing that deregulated alternative splicing and RNA editing is involved in the etiology of psychiatric diseases, such as suicidal behaviour.
Using polar nitrogen-, sulphur- and oxygen-compound compositions from ultra high resolution mass spectrometry for petroleum fluid assessment in the Eagle Ford Formation, Texas
Creators: name: Poetz, Stefanie
name: Kuske, Sascha
name: Yishu Song
name: Jweda, Jason
name: Michael, Eric
name: Horsfield, Brian
Publisher: name: Geological Society of London
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Geology
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences

description: ESI–FT–ICR-MS and ESI broad band mass spectra data
Quasiparticles as composite objects in the RVB superconductor
Creators: name: Zhou, Yi
name: Muthukumar, V. N.
name: Weng, Zheng-Yu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the nature of the superconducting state, the origin of d-wave pairing, and elementary excitations of a resonating valence bond (RVB) superconductor. We show that the phase string formulation of the t-J model leads to confinement of bare spinon and holon excitations in the superconducting state, though the vacuum is described by the RVB state. Nodal quasiparticles are obtained as composite excitations of spinon and holon excitations. The d-wave pairing symmetry is shown to arise from short range antiferromagnetic correlations.
SpecAugment: A Simple Data Augmentation Method for Automatic Speech Recognition
Creators: name: Park, Daniel S.
name: Chan, William
name: Zhang, Yu
name: Chiu, Chung-Cheng
name: Zoph, Barret
name: Cubuk, Ekin D.
name: Le, Quoc V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Audio and Speech Processing (eess.AS)
subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Sound (cs.SD)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We present SpecAugment, a simple data augmentation method for speech recognition. SpecAugment is applied directly to the feature inputs of a neural network (i.e., filter bank coefficients). The augmentation policy consists of warping the features, masking blocks of frequency channels, and masking blocks of time steps. We apply SpecAugment on Listen, Attend and Spell networks for end-to-end speech recognition tasks. We achieve state-of-the-art performance on the LibriSpeech 960h and Swichboard 300h tasks, outperforming all prior work. On LibriSpeech, we achieve 6.8% WER on test-other without the use of a language model, and 5.8% WER with shallow fusion with a language model. This compares to the previous state-of-the-art hybrid system of 7.5% WER. For Switchboard, we achieve 7.2%/14.6% on the Switchboard/CallHome portion of the Hub5'00 test set without the use of a language model, and 6.8%/14.1% with shallow fusion, which compares to the previous state-of-the-art hybrid system at 8.3%/17.3% WER.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures, 6 tables; v3: references added
Bayesian Multidimensional Scaling Model for Ordinal Preference Data
Creators: Matlosz, Kerry McCloskey
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Statistics
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The model within the present study incorporated Bayesian Multidimensional Scaling and Markov Chain Monte Carlo methods to represent individual preferences and threshold parameters as they relate to the influence of survey items popularity and their interrelationships. The model was used to interpret two independent data samples of ordinal consumer preference data related to purchasing behavior. The objective of the procedure was to provide an understanding and visual depiction of consumers' likelihood of having a strong affinity toward one of the survey choices, and how other survey choices relate to it. The study also aimed to derive the joint spatial representation of the subjects and products represented by the dissimilarity preference data matrix within a reduced dimensionality. This depiction would aim to enable interpretation of the preference structure underlying the data and potential demand for each product. Model simulations were created both from sampling the normal distribution, as well as incorporating Lambda values from the two data sets and were analyzed separately. Posterior checks were used to determine dimensionality, which were also confirmed within the simulation procedures. The statistical properties generated from the simulated data confirmed that the true parameter values (loadings, utilities, and latititudes) were recovered. The model effectiveness was contrasted and evaluated both within real data samples and a simulated data set. The two data sets analyzed were confirmed to have differences in their underlying preference structures that resulted in differences in the optimal dimensionality in which the data should be represented. The Biases and MSEs of the lambdas and alphas provide further understanding of the data composition and Analysis of variance (ANOVA) confirmed the differences in MSEs related to changes in dimensions were statistically significant.
2+1 Kinematical expansions: from Galilei to de Sitter algebras
Creators: name: Herranz, Francisco J.
name: Santander, Mariano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Expansions of Lie algebras are the opposite process of contractions. Starting from a Lie algebra, the expansion process goes to another one, non-isomorphic and less abelian. We propose an expansion method based in the Casimir invariants of the initial and expanded algebras and where the free parameters involved in the expansion are the curvatures of their associated homogeneous spaces. This method is applied for expansions within the family of Lie algebras of 3d spaces and (2+1)d kinematical algebras. We show that these expansions are classed in two types. The first type makes different from zero the curvature of space or space-time (i.e., it introduces a space or universe radius), while the other has a similar interpretation for the curvature of the space of worldlines, which is non-positive and equal to $-1/c^2$ in the kinematical algebras. We get expansions which go from Galilei to either Newton--Hooke or Poincaré algebras, and from these ones to de Sitter algebras, as well as some other examples.
description: 15 pages, LaTeX
Be Eaten to Stay Healthy: Elucidating the Mechanisms of Mitochondrial Quality Control by Mitophagy
Creators: de Vries, Rosa Leonora Andrea
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Mitochondrial pathology
subject: Cell physiology
subject: Nervous system--Degeneration
subject: Pathology
subject: Neurosciences
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biology

description: Mitochondria are essential organelles that provide the cell with energy and are involved in many housekeeping processes. Maintaining a healthy population of mitochondria is vital for the proper functioning of cells and the presence of dysfunctional mitochondria may lead to cellular damage and cell death. Neurons are particularly susceptible to the consequences of mitochondrial damage as they have high energy needs and are post-mitotic. The clearance of damaged mitochondria by autophagy, or mitophagy, has emerged as an important quality control mechanism. The Parkinson's disease related proteins phosphatase and tensin homolog-induced putative kinase 1 (PINK1) and Parkin have been identified as important regulators of mitophagy in mammalian cells, directly linking mitophagy to neurodegeneration. The role of these two proteins in this mitophagy is further explored in the first part of this dissertation. We propose a model whereby a cleavage product of PINK1 in the cytosol binds Parkin and prevents its translocation to mitochondria, which is regarded as the initiating step in Parkin/PINK1 mitophagy. Upon the occurrence of mitochondrial damage, however, full-length PINK1 accumulates on the mitochondrial outer membrane (MOM) and recruits Parkin, marking the damaged mitochondria for mitophagy. In the second part, we assess mitophagy in a cellular model based on disease caused by mutations in mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA). We find that the mere presence of damaged mitochondria in the cell does not activate mitophagy. Rather, this process is a complex interplay between mitochondrial membrane potential, levels of PINK1/Parkin and the activation of general macroautophagy. The final part of this dissertation describes the development and validation of a new method to study mitophagy. MitophaGFP, a red-green tandem fluorescent protein targeted to the MOM, changes color from yellow to red once mitochondria enter lysosomes, the final step of the mitophagy process. This new probe allows us to quantitatively and qualitatively assess mitophagy and fulfills a need in the mitophagy field. The work described in this dissertation contributes to elucidate the mechanisms underlying mitophagy regulation in mammalian cells. Its findings can serve as a basis to further explore the importance of mitophagy as a quality control mechanism and the role of its defect in neurodegeneration.
Additional file 1 of Development and validation of a VHL-associated immune prognostic signature for clear cell renal cell carcinoma
Creators: name: Zhang, Jin
name: Yan, Aiting
name: Cao, Wei
name: Shi, Honglei
name: Cao, Kai
name: Liu, Xiaowu
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Primers sequence. Table.S2. The different expressed genes. Table S3. Immune-related DEGs. Table S4. The validation cohort patients' clinical information.
DeepXDE: A deep learning library for solving differential equations
Creators: name: Lu, Lu
name: Meng, Xuhui
name: Mao, Zhiping
name: Karniadakis, George E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Deep learning has achieved remarkable success in diverse applications; however, its use in solving partial differential equations (PDEs) has emerged only recently. Here, we present an overview of physics-informed neural networks (PINNs), which embed a PDE into the loss of the neural network using automatic differentiation. The PINN algorithm is simple, and it can be applied to different types of PDEs, including integro-differential equations, fractional PDEs, and stochastic PDEs. Moreover, from the implementation point of view, PINNs solve inverse problems as easily as forward problems. We propose a new residual-based adaptive refinement (RAR) method to improve the training efficiency of PINNs. For pedagogical reasons, we compare the PINN algorithm to a standard finite element method. We also present a Python library for PINNs, DeepXDE, which is designed to serve both as an education tool to be used in the classroom as well as a research tool for solving problems in computational science and engineering. Specifically, DeepXDE can solve forward problems given initial and boundary conditions, as well as inverse problems given some extra measurements. DeepXDE supports complex-geometry domains based on the technique of constructive solid geometry, and enables the user code to be compact, resembling closely the mathematical formulation. We introduce the usage of DeepXDE and its customizability, and we also demonstrate the capability of PINNs and the user-friendliness of DeepXDE for five different examples. More broadly, DeepXDE contributes to the more rapid development of the emerging Scientific Machine Learning field.
Becoming Beur: Social Marginalization and the Emergence of a Collective Identity for Paris' Maghrebi Youth
Creators: Christensen, Morgan
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2015
Subjects: North Africans
History

description: In the last decades of the twentieth century, with racial and socioeconomic tensions running high, it seems that everywhere in the metropôle people were looking to redefine what it meant to be French in a post-colonial world. It is at this time, in the late 1980s and 1990s, that the term “beur” became widely used to describe the second and third generation children of North African immigrants in France. These Maghrebi youth were often defined as an “other” through terms like immigrant, Arab—words that connote or even stress their social marginalization. The beurs, in turn, tend to express themselves using a collective identity defined by this sense of social marginalization and otherness. This thesis seeks to elucidate the concept of a Parisian “beur culture” as it surfaced during this period by examining the emergence of this collective identity as it is constructed both externally and within the group, with special attention paid to the ways in which it relies on a sense of social marginalization from mainstream France.
Disorder-Induced Vibrational Localization
Creators: name: Ludlam, J. J.
name: Taraskin, S. N.
name: Elliott, S. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The vibrational equivalent of the Anderson tight-binding Hamiltonian has been studied, with particular focus on the properties of the eigenstates at the transition from extended to localized states. The critical energy has been found approximately for several degrees of force-constant disorder using system-size scaling of the multifractal spectra of the eigenmodes, and the spectrum at which there is no system-size dependence has been obtained. This is shown to be in good agreement with the critical spectrum for the electronic problem, which has been derived both numerically and by analytic means. Universality of the critical states is therefore suggested also to hold for the vibrational problem.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures
Bostrycapulus urraca Collin 2005, SP. NOV.
Creators: name: Collin, Rachel
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2005
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Mollusca
Gastropoda
Littorinimorpha
Calyptraeidae
Bostrycapulus
Bostrycapulus urraca

description: BOSTRYCAPULUS URRACA SP. NOV.    Holotype: ANSP 412178. Figure 11D; length = 15.4 mm, width = 13.1 mm, height = 5.7 mm.
 Paratypes: ANSP 412179 (two animals from the type locality).
 Type locality: Isla Parida, Gulf of Chiriqui, Panama. 8∞5.458¢N, 82∞18.671¢W
 Other live material from type locality: Isla Parida, Gulf of Chiriqui, Panama; FMNH 306483.
 Diagnosis: B. urraca can be distinguished from other species of Bostrycapulus by a combination of the following. It has a large globose protoconch and direct development that retains most of the larval features. Diagnostic DNA sequence differences distinguishing B. urraca from all other Bostrycapulus species are in the following positions in the COI sequences submitted to GenBank (position 1 = position 1537 of the D. yakuba mitochondrial genome, GenBank # X03240): 261 (t), 285 (g), 309 (g), 375 (t), 474 (c), 495 (a), 588 (t).
 Distribution: material whose identity has be verified as B. urraca has been collected in Panama from the Gulf of Chiriqui, Isla Coiba, the Azuero Peninsula, and the Perlas Archipelago. In El Salvador it has been collected from the Gulf of Fonseca. This species occurs from the intertidal zone to at least 50 m and can occur in densities up to several hundred per square meter in the intertidal zone.
 Description: shell morphology and anatomy are the same as B. aculeatus. Although B. urraca often has more distinct spination than the other species of Bostrycapulus, sequences of particularly spiny and smooth animals from the Gulf of Chiriqui and Bay of Panama showed that this is intraspecific variation and cannot be used to distinguish between these two species. This species has direct development from eggs with a diameter of 360 Mm (SD = 7.2; N = 57) and with a hatching size of 888 Mm (SD = 70, N = 75). The embryos develop and coiled shell, an operculum and paired embryonic kidneys (Fig. 7). The velum is limited to a ring of ciliated cells around the head and does not have a well-defined food-groove (Fig. 7).
 Etymology: The species name urraca is a noun in apposition. The name honours the R / V Urraca, the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute’s research vessel, which was used to collect samples of this species. Urraca was the name of a Guaymi chief who fought bravely against the Spanish in Panama.
description: Published as part of Collin, Rachel, 2005, Development, phylogeny, and taxonomy of Bostrycapulus (Caenogastropoda: Calyptraeidae), an ancient cryptic radiation, pp. 75-101 in Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 144 (1) on page 98, DOI: 10.1111/j.1096-3642.2005.00162.x, http://zenodo.org/record/5433494
Machine Learning on data with sPlot background subtraction
Creators: name: Borisyak, Maxim
name: Kazeev, Nikita
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Data analysis in high energy physics often deals with data samples consisting of a mixture of signal and background events. The sPlot technique is a common method to subtract the contribution of the background by assigning weights to events. Part of the weights are by design negative. Negative weights lead to the divergence of some machine learning algorithms training due to absence of the lower bound in the loss function. In this paper we propose a mathematically rigorous way to train machine learning algorithms on data samples with background described by sPlot to obtain signal probabilities conditioned on observables, without encountering negative event weight at all. This allows usage of any out-of-the-box machine learning methods on such data.
Periodic instantons and the loop group
Creators: name: Norbury, Paul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 81T13, 53C07, 55P10

description: We construct a large class of periodic instantons. Conjecturally we produce all periodic instantons. This confirms a conjecture of Garland and Murray that relates periodic instantons to orbits of the loop group acting on an extension of its Lie algebra.
description: 15 pages
title: Nanoscale insight into the exfoliation mechanism of graphene with organic dyes
title: effect of charge, dipole and molecular structure
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Schlierf, Andrea
name: Yang, Huafeng
name: Gebremedhn, Elias
name: Treossi, Emanuele
name: Ortolani, Luca
name: Chen, Liping
name: Minoia, Andrea
name: Morandi, Vittorio
name: Samori, Paolo
name: Casiraghi, Cinzia
name: Beljonne, David
name: Palermo, Vincenzo
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2013

description: We study the mechanism of surface adsorption of organic dyes on graphene, and successive exfoliation in water of these dye-functionalized graphene sheets. A systematic, comparative study is performed on pyrenes functionalized with an increasing number of sulfonic groups. By combining experimental and modeling investigations, we find an unambiguous correlation between the graphene–dye interaction energy, the molecular structure and the amount of graphene flakes solubilized. The results obtained indicate that the molecular dipole is not important per se, but because it facilitates adsorption on graphene by a “sliding” mechanism of the molecule into the solvent layer, facilitating the lateral displacement of the water molecules collocated between the aromatic cores of the dye and graphene. While a large dipole and molecular asymmetry promote the adsorption of the molecule on graphene, the stability and pH response of the suspensions obtained depend on colloidal stabilization, with no significant influence of molecular charging and dipole.
The scattering amplitude of stringy hadrons I: Strings with opposite charges on their endpoints
Creators: name: Sonnenschein, Jacob
name: Weissman, Dorin
name: Yankielowicz, Shimon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this note we describe hadrons: mesons and baryons as strings with electric charges on their endpoints. We consider here only the neutral system with opposite charges coupled to an external constant electric and magnetic fields. We derive certain classical solutions including rotating folded open strings. We write down the mode expansion and canonically quantize the system. The OPEs associated with such strings are determined. We re-derive the non-commutativity of the zero modes and the fact that the charges modify the spacetime metric. We show that the quantum worldsheet energy momentum tensor on the boundary is affected by the endpoint charges and differs from the corresponding Noether current. We determine the generalization of the Veneziano scattering amplitude for such strings in the critical dimension. Phenomenological implications are addressed and in particular we show that the external magnetic field can be tuned so that the amplitude vanishes for particular kinematic setups. We discuss the generalization of such strings to non-critical four dimensional spacetime. In particular we renormalize the divergence of the Polchinski-Strominger effective action associated with the rotating folded string.
description: v1: 42 pages, 5 figures / v2: minor corrections, references added / v3: paper was somewhat abridged to emphasize new results, version to be published in JHEP
A Return-Risk Analysis of Southern Row Crop Enterprises and the Sod-Based Rotation
Creators: name: Prevatt, Christopher
name: Novak, James
name: Prevatt, Walter
name: Worosz, Michelle R.
name: Balkcom, Kris
name: Birdsong, William
name: Gamble, Brian
name: Howe, Julie A.
name: Prevatt, Christopher
name: Novak, James
name: Prevatt, Walter
name: Worosz, Michelle R.
name: Balkcom, Kris
name: Birdsong, William
name: Gamble, Brian
name: Howe, Julie A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: economic analysis
subject: linear programming
subject: production economics
subject: risk
subject: risk-efficient frontier
subject: row crops
subject: sod-based rotation
subject: target MOTAD

description: This study examined the expected returns and risks for traditional row crop production systems in comparison to a new experimental sod-based rotation system in the Southeastern Gulf Coast region of Alabama. The sod-based rotation system involved a rotation sequence of two years of Bahiagrass with cattle grazing followed by peanuts then cotton. A Target Minimization of Total Absolute Deviations (MOTAD) model was developed to examine the return-risk relationships of six enterprise alternatives. The results of this study indicated that a sod-based rotation system was more risky and produced less returns than the traditional peanut-cotton rotations in the study region.
Kondo Effect in a Metal with Correlated Conduction Electrons: Diagrammatic Approach
Creators: name: Neef, M.
name: Tornow, S.
name: Zevin, V.
name: Zwicknagl, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the low-temperature behavior of a magnetic impurity which is weakly coupled to correlated conduction electrons. To account for conduction electron interactions a diagrammatic approach in the frame of the 1/N expansion is developed. The method allows us to study various consequences of the conduction electron correlations for the ground state and the low-energy excitations. We analyse the characteristic energy scale in the limit of weak conduction electron interactions. Results are reported for static properties (impurity valence, charge susceptibility, magnetic susceptibility, and specific heat) in the low-temperature limit.
description: 16 pages, 9 figures
Stratification of the Generalized Gauge Orbit Space
Creators: name: Fleischhack, Christian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 81T13 (Primary) 53C05, 58D19, 57N80, 28C20 (Secondary)

description: The action of Ashtekar's generalized gauge group $\Gb$ on the space $\Ab$ of generalized connections is investigated for compact structure groups $\LG$. First a stratum is defined to be the set of all connections of one and the same gauge orbit type, i.e. the conjugacy class of the centralizer of the holonomy group. Then a slice theorem is proven on $\Ab$. This yields the openness of the strata. Afterwards, a denseness theorem is proven for the strata. Hence, $\Ab$ is topologically regularly stratified by $\Gb$. These results coincide with those of Kondracki and Rogulski for Sobolev connections. As a by-product, we prove that the set of all gauge orbit types equals the set of all (conjugacy classes of) Howe subgroups of $\LG$. Finally, we show that the set of all gauge orbits with maximal type has the full induced Haar measure 1.
description: LaTeX, 21 pages
title: Sicherheit studieren.
title: Studienangebote in Deutschland
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: studies
subject: security
subject: safety
subject: Germany
subject: university
subject: 300 Sozialwissenschaften::360 Soziale Probleme, Sozialdienste

description: Erstmalig gibt der Studienführer auf 109 Seiten und mit über 80 vorgestellten Studienangeboten eine Orientierung zu Studienmöglichkeiten rund um das Themenfeld „Sicherheit“ und unterstützt damit das Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung in der Umsetzung des Rahmenprogramms „Forschung für die zivile Sicherheit“. Zu jedem Studienangebot werden neben einer inhaltlichen Beschreibung alle wichtigen Informationen zur Kontaktaufnahme sowie Fakten zum Studium (Abschluss, Dauer, Beginn, Unterrichtssprache und Gebühren) bereitgestellt. Eine Analyse und Reflektion der Studienangebote durch Lars Gerhold ist dem Band als Einführung vorangestellt.
الدور السياسي لعلاء الدين.pdf
Creators: name: AL-Taai, Prof.Dr.Suaad
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 210302 Asian History
subject: FOS: History and archaeology

description: تناول البحث الدور السياسي للسلطان علاء الدين خوارزمشاه
Disformally Coupled Scalar Fields and Inspiralling Trajectories
Creators: name: Brax, Philippe
name: Davis, Anne-Christine
name: Kuntz, Adrien
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show how a nearly massless scalar field conformally and disformally coupled to matter can affect the dynamics of two bodies in their inspiralling phase before merging. We discuss both the conservative dynamics, e.g. how the energy of the bound system is corrected by the conformal and disformal interactions, and the dissipative part where scalars and gravitons are emitted. The first disformal correction to the Einstein-Infeld-Hoffmann Lagrangian is obtained using both the Fokker method relying on the equations of motion and an Effective Field Theory approach using Feynman diagrams. This leads to a correction to the energy functional at the 2PN level for eccentric orbits, which vanishes for circular orbits up to the 7PN order. The dissipative power from the disformal interaction gives a correction to the monopole and quadrupole terms in the presence of a conformal coupling. Although this correction vanishes for circular orbits at leading order, this is not the case for elliptical orbits allowing us to derive a bound on the disformal coupling from the time drift of the period for the Hulse-Taylor binary pulsar, which is slightly stronger than the one from fifth force tests. We conclude that the prospect of observing disformal effects for inspiralling systems lies in the accurate monitoring of eccentric trajectories as expected for the LISA experiment.
description: 24 pages, 3 figures
Electron-phonon interaction in transition metal diborides TB_2 (T=Zr, Nb, Ta) studied by point-contact spectroscopy
Creators: name: Naidyuk, Yu. G.
name: Kvitnitskaya, O. E.
name: Yanson, I. K.
name: Drechsler, S. -L.
name: Behr, G.
name: Otani, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The electron-phonon interaction (EPI) in transition metal diborides TB_2 (T=Zr, Nb, Ta) is investigated by point-contact (PC) spectroscopy. The PC EPI functions were recovered and the EPI parameters lambda<0.1 were estimated for all three compounds. Common and distinctive features between the EPI functions for those diborides are discussed also in connection with the superconductivity in MgB_2.
description: V2: minor changes, Ref.[21] added, publ. in PRB
Becoming Otherwise: A Speculative Ethnography of Anarchival Events
Creators: McCall, Seth Andrew
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2021
Subjects: Ethnology
Social media
Education--Curricula

description: At the heart of the archive lie the questions of what will be repeated and what comes first, questions that ripple through curriculum studies and qualitative research. Whether social media platforms like Facebook or the monuments of white supremacists, archives increasingly mediate relationships with the past and generate monumental controversies. Hung up on archival exclusions and surplus values—the anarchive—this study considered three different archives: a monument dedicated to Harriet Tubman, a prominent social media platform, and two reading groups dedicated to process philosophy and affect studies. Studying the anarchive involved a mixture of ethnographic methods and speculative practices, like fictocriticism, reading groups, and assemblage art. The way these archives came together affected what they did. Rather than static receptacles, they affected and were affected by novel assemblages. Thus, anarchiving—attunement and experimentation with the archive’s virtuality—entailed taking on responsibility for what those archives might yet become.
Supporting English Language learners through technology
Creators: name: Slimane, Mourad Ben
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: New Technology
subject: TEYL
subject: digitization
subject: language learning
subject: 400 Sprache

description: TEYL has taken on a new dimension recently, as it has become an issue of paramount importance. Indeed, it has become integrated in many university curricula and discussed in several academic institutions and circles. It should be noted, in this regard, that new technology has played a significant role in facilitating TEYL, especially when English language learners benefit from the rein-forcement of linguistic structures to express themselves through pictures, graphics, and from the use of new technology platforms. This paper is going to contextualize the use of technology in the digital era we are living in and then it is going to look at some aspects of its various uses among young learners and how it helps them cope with the changes and challenges of the 21st century.
Quantum Cohomology and Virasoro Algebra
Creators: name: Eguchi, Tohru
name: Hori, Kentaro
name: Xiong, Chuan-Sheng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We propose that the Virasoro algebra controls quantum cohomologies of general Fano manifolds $M$ ($c_1(M)>0$) and determines their partition functions at all genera. We construct Virasoro operators in the case of complex projective spaces and show that they reproduce the results of Kontsevich-Manin, Getzler etc. on the genus-0,1 instanton numbers. We also construct Virasoro operators for a wider class of Fano varieties. The central charge of the algebra is equal to $χ(M)$, the Euler characteristic of the manifold $M$.
description: latex,13pages. Revised version with a few typos corrected
Model-independent determination of $H_0$ and $Ω_{K0}$ from strong lensing and type Ia supernovae
Creators: name: Collett, Thomas
name: Montanari, Francesco
name: Rasanen, Syksy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the first determination of the Hubble constant $H_0$ from strong lensing time delay data and type Ia supernova luminosity distances that is independent of the cosmological model. We also determine the spatial curvature model-independently. We assume that light propagation over long distances is described by the FLRW metric and geometrical optics holds, but make no assumption about the contents of the Universe or the theory of gravity on cosmological scales. We find $H_0=75.7^{+4.5}_{-4.4}$ km/s/Mpc and $Ω_{K0}=0.12^{+0.27}_{-0.25}$. This is a 6\% determination of $H_0$. A weak prior from the cosmic microwave background on the distance to the last scattering surface improves this to $H_0=76.8^{+4.2}_{-3.8}$ km/s/Mpc and $Ω_{K0}=0.18^{+0.25}_{-0.18}$. Assuming zero spatial curvature, we get $H_0=74.2^{+3.0}_{-2.9}$ km/s/Mpc, a precision of $4\%$. The measurements also provide a consistency test of the FLRW metric: we find no evidence against it.
description: 7 pages, 1 figure. V2. Added clarifications. Published version
Beauty on Display: Plato and the Concept of the Kalon
Creators: Fine, Jonathan
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Philosophy
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: Aesthetics in literature
subject: Plato
subject: Virtue

description: A central concept for Plato is the kalon – often translated as the beautiful, fine, admirable, or noble. This dissertation shows that only by prioritizing dimensions of beauty in the concept can we understand the nature, use, and insights of the kalon in Plato. The concept of the kalon organizes aspirations to appear and be admired as beautiful for one’s virtue. We may consider beauty superficial and concern for it vain – but what if it were also indispensable to living well? By analyzing how Plato uses the concept of the kalon to contest cultural practices of shame and honour regulated by ideals of beauty, we come to see not only the tensions within the concept but also how attractions to beauty steer, but can subvert, our attempts to live well.
Antepipona guichardi GIORDANI SOIKA 1979
Creators: name: Gusenleitner, J.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2006
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Eumenidae
Antepipona
Antepipona guichardi

description: Antepipona guichardi GIORDANI SOIKA 1979
M a t e r i a l: Gouré 12 km N, 30.8.200 5, 1♀; Guidiguir 27 km W, 19.8.200 5, 2♀♀; Kollo 2 km SE, 14.9.200 5, 1♀; Niamey 3 km N, 14.9.200 5, 2♀♀; Niamey 21 km N, 14.9.200 5, 13; Takiéta 20 km SW, 13.8.200 5, 1♀; Tanout 11 km S, 9.8.200 5, 233; Tanout 18 km S, 9.8.200 5, 13; Tanout 37 km S, 9.8.200 5, 2♀♀ Tanout 45 km S, 11.8.200 5, 2♀♀; Tanout 49 km NW, 8.8.200 5, 2♀♀; Tessasoua 35 km E, 31.8.200 5, 1♀; Tillabéri 11 km NW, 9.9.200 5, 13; Tillabéri 15 km NW, 9.9.200 5, 1♀; Tillabéri 18 km NW, 9.9.200 5, 1♀, 13; Zinder 37 km S, 15.8.200 5, 3♀♀; Zinder 45 km S, 17.8.200 5, 2♀♀; Zinder 52 km N, 14.8.200 5, 1♀.
Diese Art wurde aus der Elfenbeinküste und Niger beschrieben.
description: Published as part of Gusenleitner, J., 2006, Über eine Aufsammlung von Faltenwespen in Niger (Hymenoptera: Vespidae), pp. 653-662 in Linzer biologische Beiträge 38 (1) on page 659, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5433865
Additional file 1 of Association of pre-pregnancy low-carbohydrate diet with maternal oral glucose tolerance test levels in gestational diabetes
Creators: name: Hao, Yanhui
name: Qu, Lei
name: Guo, Yuna
name: Ma, Liying
name: Guo, Muhe
name: Zhu, Yiqing
name: Jin, Yan
name: Gu, Qin
name: Zhang, Yue
name: Sun, Wenguang
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Additional file 1: STable 1. Recommended range of macronutrient intakes from Chinese Dietary Reference Intakes. STable 2. Carbohydrate intake habit of LC/GDM group
Ethical and Security Considerations in the Era of Quantum Computing: A Framework for Responsible Implementation Strategies
Creators: name: Tiwari, Arya Brijesh
name: Rai, Devesh Amlesh
name: Singh, Anant Manish
name: Jaiswal, Krishna Jitendra
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Quantum computing stands as a promising avenue for advancing the capabilities of computers within the realm of computer science. By harnessing the power of qubits, quantum computers diverge from traditional computing models based on bits, enabling the storage of vast amounts of information through the principle of superposition. While quantum computing was once relegated to the realm of theory, recent developments, such as IBM's successful creation of a functional quantum computer, have propelled it into the realm of practical exploration. This newfound capability has ignited interest among scientists, who are actively probing the potential of quantum algorithms like Shor’s prime factorization algorith m. Notably, Shor’s algorithm possesses the remarkable ability to decipher modern RSA encryption, underscoring the urgent need for the development of alternative encryption methods. Quantum computing thus holds the unique potential to revolutionize the field of computer science. However, grasping the full scope of its impact necessitates careful consideration and dialogue to ensure responsible implementation strategies.
Antepipona sudanensis GIORDANI SOIKA 1985
Creators: name: Gusenleitner, J.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2006
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Eumenidae
Antepipona
Antepipona sudanensis

description: Antepipona sudanensis GIORDANI SOIKA 1985
M a t e r i a l: Agadez 5 km N, 6.8.200 5, 1♀; Diffa 5 km N, 24.8.200 5, 1♀; Diffa 8 km N, 24.8.200 5, 13; Diffa 14km W, 23.8.200 5, 233; Diffa 54km N, 25.8.200 5, 13; Dosso 15 km S, 3.9.200 5, 13; Gouré 18 km N, 21.8.200 5, 1♀; Kollo 8 km SE, 18.9.200 5, 1♀; 13; Niamey 8 km NW, 13.9.200 5, 1♀; Niamey 8 km NW, 13.9.200 5, 1♀; Nguigmi 12 km ENE, 27.8.200 5, 1♀; Nguigmi 13 km NNE, 26.8.200 5. 2♀♀; Tanout 11 km S, 9.8.200 5, 1♀; Tanout 37 km S, 9.8.200 5, 1♀; Tillabéri 18 km NW, 9.9.200 5, 1♀, 233; Torodi 30 km SW, 12.9.200 5, 1♀.
Die Art wurde aus dem Sudan und aus Mali beschrieben.
description: Published as part of Gusenleitner, J., 2006, Über eine Aufsammlung von Faltenwespen in Niger (Hymenoptera: Vespidae), pp. 653-662 in Linzer biologische Beiträge 38 (1) on page 659, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5433865
Issue ownership attack: how a political party can counteract a rival’s issue ownership
Creators: name: Seeberg, Henrik Bech
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: A central part of representative democracy is that voters evaluate political parties based on how competently they handle issues, so-called ‘issue ownership’. Since issue ownership is a central ingredient in the vote choice, rival parties often try to influence how voters evaluate a competing party. This is an issue ownership attack. However, despite intense scholarly interest in issue ownership, the understanding of how parties shape issue ownership is very limited. Therefore a new theoretical model is tested here to understand issue ownership attack. Using several survey experiments, the analysis shows that a mainstream party can counteract another mainstream party’s issue ownership by reframing the issue and by blaming the party for its performance, but not by changing its own position on the issue. Hence, the study not only advances the understanding of issue ownership stability and change but also brings important insights on how parties influence voters.