cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Coordinate Friendly Structures, Algorithms and Applications
Creators: name: Peng, Zhimin
name: Wu, Tianyu
name: Xu, Yangyang
name: Yan, Ming
name: Yin, Wotao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science (cs.CE)
subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper focuses on coordinate update methods, which are useful for solving problems involving large or high-dimensional datasets. They decompose a problem into simple subproblems, where each updates one, or a small block of, variables while fixing others. These methods can deal with linear and nonlinear mappings, smooth and nonsmooth functions, as well as convex and nonconvex problems. In addition, they are easy to parallelize. The great performance of coordinate update methods depends on solving simple sub-problems. To derive simple subproblems for several new classes of applications, this paper systematically studies coordinate-friendly operators that perform low-cost coordinate updates. Based on the discovered coordinate friendly operators, as well as operator splitting techniques, we obtain new coordinate update algorithms for a variety of problems in machine learning, image processing, as well as sub-areas of optimization. Several problems are treated with coordinate update for the first time in history. The obtained algorithms are scalable to large instances through parallel and even asynchronous computing. We present numerical examples to illustrate how effective these algorithms are.
Globally coupled Anosov diffeomorphisms: Statistical properties
Creators: name: Bahsoun, Wael
name: Liverani, Carlangelo
name: Sélley, Fanni M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study infinite systems of globally coupled Anosov diffeomorphisms with weak coupling strength. Using transfer operators acting on anisotropic Banach spaces, we prove that the coupled system admits a unique physical invariant state, $h_\varepsilon$. Moreover, we prove exponential convergence to equilibrium for a suitable class of distributions and show that the map $\varepsilon\mapsto h_\varepsilon$ is Lipschitz continuous.
description: To appear in Communications in Mathematical Physics
A Sentence Meaning Based Alignment Method for Parallel Text Corpora Preparation
Creators: name: Wołk, Krzysztof
name: Marasek, Krzysztof
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Text alignment is crucial to the accuracy of Machine Translation (MT) systems, some NLP tools or any other text processing tasks requiring bilingual data. This research proposes a language independent sentence alignment approach based on Polish (not position-sensitive language) to English experiments. This alignment approach was developed on the TED Talks corpus, but can be used for any text domain or language pair. The proposed approach implements various heuristics for sentence recognition. Some of them value synonyms and semantic text structure analysis as a part of additional information. Minimization of data loss was ensured. The solution is compared to other sentence alignment implementations. Also an improvement in MT system score with text processed with described tool is shown.
description: corpora filtration, text alignement, corpora improvement. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1509.08881
Public Health: Making the World a Healthier Place through Understanding the Root Causes of Health Inequities
Creators: name: Grinnell, Sue
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: What draws people to careers in public health? For most, it is a desire to make the world a healthier place. Public health has the potential to continue to improve health during the coming century, but the extent to which we are successful depends in large part upon the quality and preparedness of the workforce. As Gebbie (1999) states, "[A]t the heart of all successful public health activities in government agencies as well as in the private and voluntary sectors- are the public health workers. (Gebbie, Rosenstock, Hernandez, editors, 2003, p.27) Public health professionals must possess the necessary skills, knowledge, and abilities that reflect an understanding of the complexities that affect health outcomes. The purpose of this paper is to make the case that to function effectively the public health workforce must understand the root causes of health inequity and disparities. As a public health leader within a State Health Department, my vision is health equity. To achieve this vision public health leadership must address the lack of preparation, focus, and concentration of the public health workforce on this issue, as well as the development of concrete skills to make a difference in the issue.
Effect of hybridization symmetry on topological phases of odd-parity multiband superconductors
Creators: name: Puel, T. O.
name: Sacramento, P. D.
name: Continentino, M. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study two-band one-dimensional superconducting chains of spinless fermions with inter and intra-band pairing. These bands hybridize and depending on the relative angular momentum of their orbitals this can be symmetric or anti-symmetric. The competition between intra and inter-band superconductivity and how it is affected by the symmetry of the hybridization is investigated. The interband pairing is shown to be dominant on a large region of parameter space. A rich phase diagram is found in the presence of anti-symmetric hybridization. The topological properties of the model are obtained through the topological invariant winding number. We find the existence of a topological phase due to the inter-band superconductivity and induced by symmetric hybridization. Robustness of zero-energy edge states are discussed and are shown to be present in the topological phase.
description: 26 pages, 7 figures
title: Holocaust-Erinnerungsvermittlung in Deutschland im Kontext der Migrationsgesellschaft
title: Eine qualitative Untersuchung über die Auswahl verwendeter Arbeitsformen am Beispiel eines Modellprojekts in Berlin
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Selo, Nura
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Migration
subject: Gesellschaft
subject: Holocaust
subject: Erwachsenenbildung
subject: Sprachbarrieren
subject: 374 Erwachsenenbildung

description: Vor dem Hintergrund einer immer intensiven und breiter geführten Diskussion darüber, wie und in welche Richtung sich die Holocaust- und Erinnerungsarbeit in einer sich immer schneller wandelnden und vielfältiger werdenden Gesellschaft entwickeln wird, stellt sich die Frage, welche neuen Perspektiven sich für die Auseinandersetzung mit den Verbrechen des Nationalsozialismus in Zukunft anbieten. Der Einbezug von Migrant*innen in die Erinnerungsarbeit gewinnt dabei immer mehr an Bedeutung. Deutlich wird dies vor allem an der Fülle der in den letzten Jahren ausgeschriebenen Projekte, die sich explizit an die Gruppe der Migrant*innen und Menschen mit Fluchterfahrung richten. Es gibt je-doch kaum Forschung zum Status quo der Holocaust-Vermittlung im Kontext der Migrationsgesellschaft und zur Methodik, explizit zu den verwendeten Arbeitsformen und ob diese den tatsächlichen Lernbedürfnissen der Teilnehmenden entsprechen. Die vorliegende Arbeit beschäftigt sich daher mit der Holocaustvermittlung im Kontext der Migrationsgesellschaft mit dem Fokus auf muslimische junge Erwachsene. Anhand des herangezogenen Projekts „Manara-Leuchturm“, das von Muslim*innen für Muslim*innen konzipiert wurde, wird mittels leitfadengestützter Expert*innen- und Teilnehmer*inneninterviews untersucht, welche Arbeitsformen im Programm eingesetzt wurden und welche Wirkungen diese auf die Teilnehmenden hatten.
title: Textural and image analysis differentiate benign from malignant pulmonary nodules
Creators: name: Gleeson, Fergus
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Lung
subject: Oncology
subject: Computer applications
subject: CT
subject: PET-CT
subject: PET
subject: Computer Applications-Detection, diagnosis
subject: Computer Applications-3D
subject: Fractal analysis
subject: Cancer
subject: Multidisciplinary cancer care
subject: Neoplasia

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: ■ Differentiating benign from malignant pulmonary nodules is critical in the management of patients with pulmonary nodule. ■Recent studies have shown that incorporating lung nodule characteristics identified on CT scans such as...
Changes in Environmental Tobacco Smoke Policies in North Carolina Indoor Recreational Facilities from 1999 to 2002
Creators: name: Buscher, April L.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2003

description: Objective: To examine changes in environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) policies and exposure from 1999 to 2002 in North Carolina indoor recreational facilities. Methods: Telephone interviews of owners and managers of 244 indoor North Carolina recreational sites in 1999 and 250 sites in 2002 (enclosed shopping malls, commercial airports, skating rinks, bowling alleys, and indoor spectator facilities that seat 1,000 people or more) were conducted to assess their knowledge and attitudes about ETS exposure, current smoking policy, incentives and barriers to changing the policy and knowledge about the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA). Results: The response rate was 71% in 1999 and 72% in 2002. From 1999 to 2002, participants reported stronger beliefs that ETS causes lung cancer in nonsmokers (81% vs. 93%, χ2 = 13.857, p<.001) and heart disease in non-smokers (71% vs. 83%, χ2 = 7.575, p<.007). While the percentage of sites that did not allow smoking increased slightly from 1999 to 2002 (58 vs. 62%, χ2 = .596, p<.441 ), the percentage of malls that reported having no limitations on smoking decreased significantly between 1999 and 2002 (21% vs. 6%, χ2 = 4.166, p<.042). The most commonly reported incentive for businesses that currently allow smoking to change their smoking policy changed from complaints from non-smokers (58%) in 1999 to a signed petition by 100 school children (58%) in 2002. Significantly more respondents in 2002 compared to 1999 (76 vs. 65%, χ2 = 5.229, p<.02) reported that they felt the Americans with Disabilities Act might be applicable to non-smokers with respiratory problems who could be exposed to ETS in their establishments. Conclusions: Although public exposure to ETS continues in many recreational facilities in North Carolina, there appears to be some progress in strengthening protections from exposure. Public health efforts must continue to focus on public venues where high levels of exposure remain, as well as private venues such as homes. Efforts may also focus on increasing education about separate ventilation, decreasing perceived economic barriers, supporting youth involvement with advocacy, and supporting regulatory standards for clean indoor air.
Antiperiodic dynamical 6-vertex model by separation of variables II: Functional equations and form factors
Creators: name: Levy-Bencheton, D.
name: Niccoli, G.
name: Terras, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We pursue our study of the antiperiodic dynamical 6-vertex model using Sklyanin's separation of variables approach, allowing in the model new possible global shifts of the dynamical parameter. We show in particular that the spectrum and eigenstates of the antiperiodic transfer matrix are completely characterized by a system of discrete equations. We prove the existence of different reformulations of this characterization in terms of functional equations of Baxter's type. We notably consider the homogeneous functional $T$-$Q$ equation which is the continuous analog of the aforementioned discrete system and show, in the case of a model with an even number of sites, that the complete spectrum and eigenstates of the antiperiodic transfer matrix can equivalently be described in terms of a particular class of its $Q$-solutions, hence leading to a complete system of Bethe equations. Finally, we compute the form factors of local operators for which we obtain determinant representations in finite volume.
description: 52 pages
title: Frequency of medial collateral ligament activation in medial meniscus tear
Creators: name: Vasilevska Nikodinovska, Violeta
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Musculoskeletal joint
subject: MR
subject: Imaging sequences
subject: Trauma

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: To determinate frequency of medial collateral ligament (MCL) activation depicted on MRI studies of patients with medial meniscus (MM) tear with normal lateral compartment of the...
Disintegration of beauty: a precision study
Creators: name: Lenz, Alexander
name: Piscopo, Maria Laura
name: Rusov, Aleksey V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We update the Standard Model (SM) predictions for $B$-meson lifetimes within the heavy quark expansion (HQE). Including for the first time the contribution of the Darwin operator, SU(3)$_F$ breaking corrections to the matrix element of dimension-six four-quark operators and the so-called eye-contractions, we obtain for the total widths $Γ(B^+) = (0.58^{+0.11}_{-0.07}) \, \mbox{ps}^{-1}$, $Γ(B_d) = (0.63^{+0.11}_{-0.07}) \, \mbox{ps}^{-1}$, $Γ(B_s) = (0.63^{+0.11}_{-0.07}) \, \mbox{ps}^{-1}$, and for the lifetime ratios $τ(B^+) / τ(B_d) = 1.086 \pm 0.022$, $τ(B_s) / τ(B_d) = 1.003 \pm 0.006 \, (1.028 \pm 0.011)$. The two values for the last observable arise from using two different sets of input for the non-perturbative parameters $μ_π^2(B_d)$, $μ_G^2(B_d)$, and $ρ_D^3(B_d)$ as well as from different estimates of the SU(3)$_F$ breaking in these parameters. Our results are overall in very good agreement with the corresponding experimental data, however, there seems to emerge a tension in $τ(B_s)/τ(B_d)$ when considering the second set of input parameters. Specifically, this observable is extremely sensitive to the size of the parameter $ρ_D^3 (B_d)$ and of the SU(3)$_F$ breaking effects in $μ_π^2$, $μ_G^2$ and $ρ_D^3$; hence, it is of utmost importance to be able to better constrain all these parameters. In this respect, an extraction of $μ_π^2 (B_s), μ_G^2 (B_s), ρ_D^3 (B_s)$ from future experimental data on inclusive semileptonic $B_s$-meson decays or from direct non-perturbative calculations, as well as more insights about the value of $ρ_D^3 (B)$ extracted from fit, would be very helpful in reducing the corresponding theory uncertainties.
description: 35 pages, 5 figures, 7 tables
title: Lobewise registration of the lungs in Computed Tomography improves anatomically correct voxel-to-voxel mapping of inspiration and expiration data
Creators: name: Kaireit, Till
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Image registration
subject: Computer Applications-Detection, diagnosis
subject: CT
subject: Lung

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: To evaluate whether lobewise registration improves voxel-to-voxel mapping of inspiration and expiration data for assessment of lung...
Clinical Trials: Publication Bias and the Food and Drug Administration Amendments Act of 2007
Creators: name: Pham, Quang
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: Background: Publication bias of clinical trials can lead to increased harms and costs for patients and society. Attempts to reduce publication bias and its effects have focused on increasing the transparency of conducting clinical trials. The Food and Drug Administration Amendments of 2007 (FDAAA 2007) requires the registration of the results of applicable trials on ClinicalTrials.gov, a publicly accessible database. It is unclear whether or not registering results of clinical trials will decrease publication bias by increasing rate of publication in a peer-reviewed journal. Methods: I conducted a cross-sectional analysis of all clinical trials dealing with the primary treatment and/or prevention of cancer registered on ClinicalTrials.gov and completed from October 2007 to December 2009. I used Medline, Cochrane Library, EMBASE, and CINAHL to search for a corresponding publication for each of the included trials. I used a logistic regression model, adjusted for identified covariates, to examine the relationship between having registered results and having a corresponding publication. Results: A total of 371 trials were included for the analysis. When adjusted for enrollment size, study phase, and funding type, trials without registered results publish 66.2% of the time, and trials with registered results publish 72.9% of the time, p= 0.21. In comparing the registered outcomes with the published ones, 120 of 124 trials (96.7%) reported the same primary outcome(s). Of the 120 that reported the same primary outcomes, 12 (17.5%) showed discrepancies in the reported results and the published results. Among the 128 trials with a corresponding publication, there does not appear to be a relationship between funding type and the probability of publishing a favorable outcome. Discussion: Registering results by themselves does not increase the publication rate, and results alone do not provide enough information to adequately interpret and assess a clinical trial. There is a great need to expand FDAAA 2007 to require the registration of the full research protocols and summaries of clinical trials.
Presymplectic BV-AKSZ formulation of Conformal Gravity
Creators: name: Dneprov, Ivan
name: Grigoriev, Maxim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We elaborate on the presymplectic BV-AKSZ approach to local gauge theories and apply it to conformal gravity. More specifically, we identify a compatible presymplectic structure on the minimal model of the total BRST complex of this theory and show that together with the BRST differential it determines a full-scale BV formulation for a specific frame-like action which seems to be previously unknown. Remarkably, the underlying frame-like description requires no artificial off-shell constraints. Instead, the action becomes equivalent to the usual conformal gravity one, upon gauging away all the variables belonging to the kernel of the presymplectic structure. Finally, we show how the presymplectic BV-AKSZ approach extends to generic gauge theories.
description: 31 pages + appendix
Hamiltonian surface charges using external sources
Creators: name: Troessaert, Cedric
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, we interpret part of the boundary conditions as external sources in order to solve the integrability problem present in the computation of surface charges associated to gauge symmetries in the hamiltonian formalism. We start by describing the hamiltonian structure of external symmetries preserving the action up to a transformation of the external sources of the theory. We then extend these results to the computation of surface charges for field theories with non-trivial boundary conditions.
description: 35 pages
The physical origin of hydrophobic effects
Creators: name: Sun, Qiang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The strength of hydrogen bonding in water is stronger than that of van der waals interaction, therefore water may play an important role in the process of hydrophobic effects. When a hydrophobic solute is dissolved into water, an interface appears between the solute and water. To understand the mechanism of hydrophobic effects, it is necessary to study the structure of water and solute/water interface. In this study, based on the structural studies on water and air/water interface, the hydration free energy is derived, and utilized to investigate the physical origin of hydrophobic effects. According to the discussion on hydration free energy, with increasing solute size, it can be divided into the initial and hydrophobic solvation processes, respectively. In the initial solvation process, hydration free energy is dominated by the hydrogen bonding in interfacial water (topmost water layer at the solute/water interface). However, in the hydrophobic solvation process, the hydration free energy is related to hydrogen bondings of both bulk water and interfacial water. Additionally, various dissolved behaviors of solutes can be expected for different solvation processes. From this, hydrophobic effects can be ascribed to the competition between the hydrogen bondings in bulk water and those in interfacial water.
description: 30 pages, 7 figures
title:  Graphic” box” as educational tool for CT-dose reduction.
Creators: name: Collignon, Laurent
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Radioprotection / Radiation dose
subject: CT
subject: Audit and standards
subject: Radiation safety
subject: Dosimetric comparison

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: To report an internal audit intended to optimise radiation dose from two 64-row multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) units with use of Iterative Reconstruction (Saphire) and to compare progress of dose lowering with Belgian Diagnostic Reference...
title: Current opportunities of magnetic resonance imaging in patients with stress urinary incontinence.
Creators: name: Solopova, Alina
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: MR-Functional imaging
subject: MR
subject: Urinary Tract / Bladder
subject: Pelvis
subject: Imaging sequences
subject: Pelvic floor dysfunction

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: The purpose of our study was to evaluate the morphology of the urethra and its supporting structures, as well as the degree of prolapse of the bladder neck in women suffering from urinary incontinence, using MRI before and after surgical treatment...
रब्बी हंगामातील पिकांसाठी एकात्मिक अन्नद्रव्ये व्यवस्थापन तंत्र
Creators: name: अनिकेत सुनील गायकवाड
name: बापूसाहेब भाकरे
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: रब्बी
एकात्मिक अन्नद्रव्ये व्यवस्थापन
भरखते
जोरखते
हिरवळीची खते
जिवाणु खते
रायझोबियम
पी. एस. बी.
अॅझेटोबॅक्टर आणि अॅझोस्पायरिलम
अॅसीटोबॅक्टर
मायकोरायझा
थायोबेसिलस
अझोला, बायजेरिकिया आणि निळे हिरवे शेवाळ
रासायनिक खते
नत्रयुक्त रासायनिक खते
स्फुरदयुक्त रासायनिक खते
पालाशयुक्त रासायनिक खते
सूक्ष्मअन्नद्रव्ये खते
संयुक्त खते
मिश्र खते
रब्बी हंगामातील पिकांसाठी एकात्मिक अन्नद्रव्ये व्यवस्थापन
गहू, ज्वारी, मका, सूर्यफूल, ऊस, कांदा

description: भारत देशामध्ये पीक पध्दती आणि खत वापराविषयी विविध विचार प्रवाह आहेत. देशात वाढत्या लोकसंख्येला पुरून उरण्यासाठी जास्तीत जास्त धान्य उत्पादनाची आवश्यकता आहे. यासाठी रासायनिक खतांचा वापर अनिवार्य असल्याचे प्रतिपादन केले जाते. तर दुसरीकडे महागडया खतांना पुर्ण पर्याय म्हणून नैसर्गिक समजली जाणारी सेंद्रिय शेती पुरस्कृत केली जाते. विविध पिकांसाठी जमिनीतील अन्नद्रव्यांचा मुख्यस्त्रोत हा जमीन आहे. जमीन ज्या खडकापासून बनलेली आहे त्यामधील अन्नद्रव्ये, सेंद्रिय खते, जैविक खते आणि रासायनिक खते ही होय. यापैकी आपण कोणत्याही एकाच स्त्रोताचा वापर केला तर तो पिकास अन्नद्रव्ये पुरविण्यास पुरेसा होणार नाही. उदा. यापैकी रासायनिक खतांचा वापर केल्यास कदाचित तो पुरेसे होईल परंतु संतुलित असेलच असे नाही. अपेक्षित उत्पादन ही मिळेल परंतु मालाची प्रत आणि शाश्वतता मिळेलच असे नाही. आज देशांतर्गत आंतरराष्ट्रीय बाजारपेठेत प्रामुख्याने मालाच्या प्रतीकडे पाहिले जाते. एकूणच प्रत्येक स्त्रोताचा गुणधर्म किंवा उपयुक्तता ही वेगवेगळी आहे. उदा. सेंद्रिय खते ही जमिनीचे प्राकृतिक गुणधर्म चांगले ठेवतात तर जैविक खते ही टाकलेल्या रासायनिक खतांची कार्यक्षमता वाढवितात तर रासायनिक खताद्वारे पिकांना अन्नद्रव्यांचा पुरवठा केला जातो. म्हणुनच सेंद्रिय, रासायनिक आणि जैविक खतांचा एकत्रित वापर, सेंद्रिय पदार्थांचे चक्रीकरण आणि योग्य पीक पध्दतींचा अवलंब करून पिकास अन्नद्रव्ये पुरविण्याच्या पध्दतीस एकात्मिक अन्नद्रव्ये व्यवस्थापन म्हणतात. एकात्मिक अन्नद्रव्ये पुररठा पध्दतीमध्ये रासायनिक खतांच्या वापराबरोबरच सेंद्रिय खते, हिरवळीची खते, जिवाणू खते, नत्रयुक्त अझोलासारखी हरित खते, वनस्पतीची पाने, शेतावरील धसकटे, मुळे, पालापाचोळा, काडीकचरा व इतर टाकावू पदार्थांच्या चक्रीकरणातून मिळणारा खतांचा समतोल साधला जातो. या पध्दतीत द्विदल धान्य पिकांचा फेरपालटीत तसेच आंतरपीक पध्दतीत समावेश करून जमिनीची सुपिकता टिकवण्याचा प्रयत्न केला जातो. एकात्मिक अन्नद्रव्ये व्यवस्थापनाच्या संकल्पनेत अन्नद्रव्यांची कार्यक्षमता वाढविणे, जमिनीचे आरोग्य सुधारणा करणे तसेच पर्यावरणाचा विचार करून जमिनीची सुपिकता व पिकांची उत्पादकता वाढवून ती शाश्वत करण्याचा प्रयत्न केलेला असतो. एकात्मिक अन्नद्रव्य (खत) पुरवठा पध्दत ही पिकांना यथायोग्य अन्नद्रव्ये पुरवून चांगल्या शेती पध्दतीचा सुवर्णमध्य ठरू शकते.
Clinical Epidemiology of Gram-Negative Bacilli Bacteremia in a U.S. Teaching Hospital: The Impact of Multi-drug Resistance on Outcome
Creators: name: Hostler, Christopher
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: Background: Gram-negative bacilli bacteremia is a significant and rapidly developing problem in the United States. Over 250,000 cases of gram-negative bacilli bacteremia occur each year in the United States, and recent data suggests that this number is rising. A similarly significant and rapidly developing issue is the emergence of multi-drug resistant organisms. First reported in the United States in 1989, multi-drug resistant gram-negative bacilli now comprise 22-54% of the causative agents of gram-negative bacilli bacteremia, depending on the hospital setting. In this study, we determined the effect of multi-drug resistance on all-cause mortality, ICU admission, and duration of hospitalization. Methods: A secondary data analysis was conducted using an existing data set that was compiled in a prospective cohort study from 2002-2009. 600 adult patients from Duke University Hospital with gram-negative bacilli bacteremia were stratified into three cohorts based on their drug susceptibility patterns. Univariate and bivariate analyses were then conducted comparing the cohorts and the outcomes of all-cause mortality (primary), ICU admission (secondary), and duration of hospitalization (secondary). Results: The three sensitivity cohorts were comparable on all demographic and comorbidity characteristics. Recent antibiotic use was 1.7-fold more common among patients in the multidrug resistant cohort than among patients in the pan-sensitive cohort (p=0.002). All-cause of 38 mortality for the entire sample was 15.3%. Compared with the pan-sensitive cohort, risk ratios for all-cause mortality for the ESBL and multi-drug resistant cohorts were 1.12 (95% CI [0.66, 1.89]) and 1.57 (95% CI [0.89, 2.77]), respectively (p=0.185). ICU admission was required for 21.8% of the sample. Compared with the pan-sensitive cohort, risk ratios for ICU admission for the ESBL and multi-drug resistant cohorts were 1.23 (95% CI [0.79, 1.92]) and 1.81 (95% CI [1.13, 2.88]), respectively (p=0.020). Adjusted mean duration of hospitalization for the pansensitive, ESBL, and multi-drug resistant cohorts were 15.6 days (95% CI [11.1, 20.1]), 17.7 days (95% CI [14.9, 20.4]), and 26.9 days (95% CI [22.7, 31.2]), respectively (p<0.001). Conclusions: The data from this study shows that multi-drug resistance does not confer any additional mortality on patients with gram-negative bacteremia over those with pan-sensitive or ESBL-producing pathogens. However, multi-drug resistance is associated with a 1.8-fold increased rate of ICU admission and an 11.3-day increased duration of hospitalization over patients infected with a pan-sensitive pathogen. In light of these findings, care should be taken to reduce the spread of multi-drug resistance and reduce the amount of time patients with multi-drug resistant gram-negative bacteremia have to wait before they are treated with effective antibiotic therapy.
Temporal evolution of multiple evaporating ribbon sources in a solar flare
Creators: name: Graham, D. R.
name: Cauzzi, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present new results from the Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph showing the dynamic evolution of chromospheric evaporation and condensation in a flare ribbon, with the highest temporal and spatial resolution to date. IRIS observed the entire impulsive phase of the X-class flare SOL2014-09-10T17:45 using a 9.4 second cadence `sit-and-stare' mode. As the ribbon brightened successively at new positions along the slit, a unique impulsive phase evolution was observed for many tens of individual pixels in both coronal and chromospheric lines. Each activation of a new footpoint displays the same initial coronal up-flows of up to ~300 km/s, and chromospheric downflows up to 40 km/s. Although the coronal flows can be delayed by over 1 minute with respect to those in the chromosphere, the temporal evolution of flows is strikingly similar between all pixels, and consistent with predictions from hydrodynamic flare models. Given the large sample of independent footpoints, we conclude that each flaring pixel can be considered a prototypical, `elementary' flare kernel.
description: Accepted for publication - ApJ letters
title: Imaging of Peritoneal Carcinomatosis: A prospective study to define correlation between surgical and radiological Peritoneal Cancer Index in patients before HIPEC and Peritonectomy.
Creators: name: Chamokova, Bella
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Neoplasia
subject: Metastases
subject: Education and training
subject: Structured reporting
subject: Comparative studies
subject: CT
subject: Pelvis
subject: Abdomen

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: To review CT appearance of peritoneal carcinomatosis underlying specific sites that radiologists need to check for creating structural report To correlate surgical and radiological peritoneal cancer index (PCI) To propose a new reporting...
High-temperature differential emission measure and altitude variations in the temperature and density of solar flare coronal X-ray sources
Creators: name: Jeffrey, Natasha
name: Kontar, Eduard
name: Dennis, Brian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The detailed knowledge of plasma heating and acceleration region properties presents a major observational challenge in solar flare physics. Using the Ramaty High Energy Solar Spectroscopic Imager (RHESSI), the high temperature differential emission measure, DEM(T), and the energy-dependent spatial structure of solar flare coronal sources are studied quantitatively. The altitude of the coronal X-ray source is observed to increase with energy by ~+0.2 arcsec/keV between 10 and 25 keV. Although an isothermal model can fit the thermal X-ray spectrum observed by RHESSI, such a model cannot account for the changes in altitude, and multi-thermal coronal sources are required where the temperature increases with altitude. For the first time, we show how RHESSI imaging information can be used to constrain the DEM(T) of a flaring plasma. We develop a thermal bremsstrahlung X-ray emission model with inhomogeneous temperature and density distributions to simultaneously reproduce: i) DEM(T), ii) altitude as a function of energy, and iii) vertical extent of the flaring coronal source versus energy. We find that the temperature-altitude gradient in the region is ~+0.08 keV/arcsec (~1.3 MK/Mm). Similar altitude-energy trends in other flares suggest that the majority of coronal X-ray sources are multi-thermal and have strong vertical temperature and density gradients with a broad DEM(T).
description: 10 pages
title: MRI mapping of vertebral bone marrow fat in the lumbar spine
Creators: name: Ognard, Julien
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Musculoskeletal spine
subject: MR
subject: Computer Applications-General
subject: Tissue characterisation
subject: Demineralisation-Bone

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: See Fig.1 Context The accumulation of fat within the bone marrow- or medullar adiposity - is different from the peri-visceral fat by the fact that it appears to be a real player in the bone microenvironment. A high medullary adiposity is associated...
Direct measurement of quantum Fisher information
Creators: name: Zhang, Xingyu
name: Lu, Xiao-Ming
name: Liu, Jing
name: Ding, Wenkui
name: Wang, Xiaoguang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the adiabatic perturbation theory, Berry curvature is related to the generalized force, and the quantum metric tensor is linked with energy fluctuation. While the former is tested with numerous numerical results and experimental realizations, the latter is less considered. Quantum Fisher information, key to quantum precision measurement, is four times quantum metric tensor. It is difficult to relate the quantum Fisher information with some physical observable. One interesting candidate is square of the symmetric logarithmic derivative, which is usually tough to obtain both theoretically and experimentally. The adiabatic perturbation theory enlightens us to measure the energy fluctuation to directly extract the quantum Fisher information. In this article, we first adopt an alternative way to derive the link of energy fluctuation to the quantum Fisher information. Then we numerically testify the direct extraction of the quantum Fisher information based on adiabatic perturbation in two-level systems and simulate the experimental realization in nitrogen-vacancy center with experimentally practical parameters. Statistical models such as transverse field Ising model and Heisenberg spin chains are also discussed to compare with the analytical result and show the level crossing respectively. Our discussion will provide a new practical scheme to measure the quantum Fisher information, and will also benefit the quantum precision measurement and the understand of the quantum Fisher information.
Pulmonary Maintenance Therapy Following the Completion of an Initial Pulmonary Rehabilitation Program: A Systematic Review
Creators: name: Ossman, Paul D.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2005

description: Background: Pulmonary rehabilitation is associated with an improved health related quality (HRQL) of life and decreased hospital utilization over one year following rehabilitation, but not with decreased mortality or improved lung function. The sustainability of these improvements is controversial and the role of a pulmonary maintenance program or repeated pulmonary rehabilitation program is under investigation. Purpose: To examine the evidence regarding the effect of additional pulmonary rehabilitation or maintenance therapy, following the completion of a conventional pulmonary rehabilitation program. Data Sources: MEDLINE, the Cochrane Library, hand searching based on reviews and previous systematic reviews of pulmonary rehabilitation. Methods: Randomized controlled trials of exercise maintenance programs following an initial pulmonary rehabilitation program of at least 6 weeks duration with at least a 1 year of follow-up; studies that used defined and validated measurement tools; studies that accounted for the reliability and validity of measurement tools as well as patient characteristics; and randomized controlled trials with health outcomes. Population: Patients living with mild, moderate, or severe COPD Intervention: Additional pulmonary rehabilitation following an initial course of pulmonary rehabilitation of at least 6 weeks. Control: Short-term/acute pulmonary rehabilitation as defined by a period of time less than or equal to 6 weeks of pulmonary rehabilitation program. Outcomes: HRQL, Mortality, Change in functional status (a six minute walk test, FEVl, etc.) Study Selection: Of 496 citations identified, 79 articles were reviewed to yield 3 good to fair studies comparing exercise maintenance to usual care following an initial pulmonary rehabilitation program. Conclusion: Current research is sparse, yet it suggests that continued exercise maintenance therapy is associated with modest improvements in exercise capacity, but not with any difference in lung function. Results were not conclusive as to a benefit in HRQL or dyspnea. Additionally, the selection and recruitment bias that exists within the studies regarding pulmonary rehabilitation weakens the generalizability of the data reported. Further research is needed to confirm the associations and further investigate the affects of HRQL and dyspnea following pulmonary rehabilitation and maintenance therapy.
title: A walk through the urothelium. Radiologic-pathological correlation.
Creators: name: Aguilar Sánchez, Guadalupe
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Urinary Tract / Bladder
subject: CT
subject: Ultrasound
subject: MR
subject: Education
subject: Neoplasia
subject: Infection
subject: Pathology

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: To show the radiologic and the anatomic pathology images of a wide spectrum of urothelium affecting...
Generative Models of Multi-channel Data from a Single Example -- Application to Dust Emission
Creators: name: Blancard, Bruno Régaldo-Saint
name: Allys, Erwan
name: Auclair, Constant
name: Boulanger, François
name: Eickenberg, Michael
name: Levrier, François
name: Vacher, Léo
name: Zhang, Sixin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The quest for primordial $B$-modes in the cosmic microwave background has emphasized the need for refined models of the Galactic dust foreground. Here, we aim at building a realistic statistical model of the multi-frequency dust emission from a single example. We introduce a generic methodology relying on microcanonical gradient descent models conditioned by an extended family of wavelet phase harmonic (WPH) statistics. To tackle the multi-channel aspect of the data, we define cross-WPH statistics, quantifying non-Gaussian correlations between maps. Our data-driven methodology could apply to various contexts, and we have updated the software PyWPH, on which this work relies, accordingly. Applying this to dust emission maps built from a magnetohydrodynamics simulation, we construct and assess two generative models of: 1) a $(I, E, B)$ multi-observable input, 2) a $\{I_ν\}_ν$ multi-frequency input. The samples exhibit consistent features compared to the original maps. A statistical analysis of 1) shows that the power spectra, distributions of pixels, and Minkowski functionals are captured to a good extent. We analyze 2) by fitting the spectral energy distribution (SED) of both the synthetic and original maps with a modified blackbody (MBB) law. The maps are equally well fitted, and a comparison of the MBB parameters shows that our model succeeds in capturing the spatial variations of the SED from the data. Besides the perspectives of this work for dust emission modeling, the introduction of cross-WPH statistics opens a new avenue to characterize non-Gaussian interactions across different maps, which we believe will be fruitful for astrophysics.
description: 18 pages, 7 figures, submitted to ApJ, code: https://github.com/bregaldo/dust_genmodels
Harms of treatment with cholesterol-lowering drugs in children: A systematic review of the published literature
Creators: name: Haywood, Jonathan
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: Background: Some clinical guidelines recommend pharmacologic treatment for children with hyperlipidemia. These medications decrease cholesterol levels, but their side effects or potential harms in children are not well understood. Objective: To systematically review published trials of cholesterol-lowering medications in children and quantify their harms. Design/Methods: A comprehensive search was used to identify prospective studies evaluating the use of cholesterol-lowering drugs compared to controls in children with hyperlipidemia. Titles and abstracts were independently reviewed by authors and appropriate articles were fully evaluated. Blinded investigators completed quality assessments of included studies, followed by data extraction of all reported side effects or other harms using a standardized form. Results: A systematic search of the published literature identified 1070 titles and abstracts for potential inclusion. The 17 articles that met final inclusion criteria varied widely in quality, were generally not powered to detect adverse effects, and more than half disclosed pharmaceutical company sponsorship. None followed subjects for > 6 years. All included subjects (N=1604) with a probable diagnosis of heterozygous familial hyperlipidemia Studies evaluated the following therapies: HMG CoA reductase inhibitors (statins) versus placebo (10 studies), bile acid sequestrants (4 studies), bile acid sequestrants as add-on therapy to statins (1 study), statins as add-on therapy to bile acid sequestrants (1 study), and ezetemibe (1 study). Statins generally had similar harms to placebo, except in 7 of the 11 studies there was an increase in muscle symptoms or abnormal muscle enzyme laboratory values. Additionally, 3 of 5 statin studies evaluating dihydroepiandrosterone (DHEAS) reported significant changes in hormone levels. Two of 5 studies that evaluated bile acid sequestrants reported an increase in gastrointestinal symptoms. Ezetimibe therapy added to statin therapy increased myalgias (5.6% combined therapy vs. 0.8% placebo, p=0.03). Conclusions: Published studies of pharmacotherapy for hyperlipidemia in children are limited by small numbers, short follow-up periods, and a unique population. The available studies suggest that statins, bile acid sequestrants, and cholesterol absorption blockers all have associated side effects. Unfortunately, currently available studies have not fully assessed longer term harms, complicating treatment decisions.
On the dynamics of internal waves interacting with the equatorial undercurrent
Creators: name: Compelli, Alan
name: Ivanov, Rossen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 35Q35, 37K05, 74J30

description: The interaction of the nonlinear internal waves with a nonuniform current with a specific form, characteristic for the equatorial undercurrent, is studied. The current has no vorticity in the layer, where the internal wave motion takes place. We show that the nonzero vorticity that might be occuring in other layers of the current does not affect the wave motion. The equations of motion are formulated as a Hamiltonian system.
description: 11 pages, 1 figure, accepted in Journal of Nonlinear Mathematical Physics
USIA Poll # 1989-I89041: Economic Summit
Creators: name: USIA
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2009

description: Soviet Union (2); United States (2); economic health in Canada (4); economic policies of certain countries (3); economic interests (2); Canadian-American trade (3); George Bush (1); American budget deficit (1); Canadian-Japanese trade (2); free trade restrictions (4); Canadian/Soviet trade (4); 1992 Market proposal (7); agriculture and trade (2); third-world debt (7); environment and pollution (3); important problems at summit (3).
Ngā tohu o te taiao: Observing signs of the natural world to identify seastar over-abundance as a detriment to shellfish survival in Ōhiwa Harbour, Aotearoa/New Zealand
Creators: name: Paul-Burke, K.
name: Ngarimu Cameron, R.
name: Paul, W.
name: Burke, J.
name: Cameron, K.
name: O'Brien, T.
name: Bluett, C.
Publisher: name: NIWA-hosted NSCs: Deep South and Sustainable Seas National Science Challenges
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 410204
subject: Ecosystem services (incl. pollination)
classificationCode: 451209
subject: Ngā tikanga whakahaere mōhiotanga Māori (Māori knowledge management methods)

description: Maori understandings and experiences of the natural world encompass not only what is known but how it is known, and the intergenerational connectedness of that knowledge with the environments from which it is derived. Nga tohu o te taiao (hereafter 'tohu'), or the cultural and environmental signs and indicators of the natural world, are widely used by kaitiaki or local practitioners to identify trends or changes in the state or health of marine taonga (culturally important) species and their associated environments (Paul-Burke, 2017). Maori worldviews position humans within nature and focus on ways in which cultural understandings and intergenerational connections between people and their bio-physical contexts assist in the retention and protection of biodiversity and ecologically sustainable ecosystems (Lyver et al., 2016). Tohu are a fundamental expression of kaitiakitanga or active guardianship and are based on the primal instinct of survival and recognising that in order to survive one must pay attention to the natural signs and signals thoughtfully, so as to manage our mahinga kai (food harvesting area) and ourselves into the future (Paul-Burke et al., 2020). This article considers the example of the over-abundant eleven-armed seastar (patangaroa, Coscinasterias muricata; hereafter 'seastar') predating on culturally and ecologically important shellfish populations in a traditional mahinga kai of Ohiwa Harbour in the Bay of Plenty region of Aotearoa/New Zealand. The over-abundance of seastars was considered a contemporary tohu of a degrading harbour. It was deemed imperative by iwi (tribe) members that a trial using quantitative methods to investigate predation pressure of seastars on the green-lipped mussel (kuku or kutai, Perna canaliculus) population be conducted in the harbour. Between September 2018 and February 2019 field trials were undertaken that prioritised matauranga Maori (Maori knowledge) alongside marine science to assist with a better understanding of the degrading harbour. It was hoped that the research would help and promote recovery, in particular but not limited to, the once abundant but now severely reduced mussel reefs in the soft-mud-bottomed harbour.