cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Spatial Competition of Milk Processing Cooperatives in Northern Germany
Creators: name: Huck, Petra
name: Salhofer, Klaus
name: Tribl, Christoph
name: Huck, Petra
name: Salhofer, Klaus
name: Tribl, Christoph
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: spatial competition
subject: oligopsony
subject: milk processing
subject: cooperatives

description: In this paper we develop a theoretical model of competition among marketing cooperatives (co-ops) in a spatial market setting assuming uniform delivered pricing and Loschian conduct. The model is an extension to Alvarez et al.'s (2000) spatial competition model for investorowned firms (IOF). Theoretical results include i) that the prices for raw milk are, ceteris paribus, higher in a pure market of coops than in a pure IOF market; ii) that even coops may imperfectly transmit price changes upstream; and iii) that the price farmers receive for their raw product is a function of economic space (distance times transportation costs) between coops. We test our theoretical findings for milk processing co-ops in Northern Germany using data of monthly average farm-gate prices for raw milk between 1999 and 2003 and estimating a reduced form regression model. Empirical results confirm our theoretical findings to a great extent.
Conservative semi-Lagrangian schemes for kinetic equations Part II: Applications
Creators: name: Cho, Seung Yeon
name: Boscarino, Sebastiano
name: Russo, Giovanni
name: Yun, Seok-Bae
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 65M06, 65M25

description: In this paper, we present a new class of conservative semi-Lagrangian schemes for kinetic equations. They are based on the conservative reconstruction technique introduced in [S. Y. Cho, et al., Conservative semi-Lagrangian schemes for kinetic equations Part I: Reconstruction, 2020]. The methods are high order accurate both in space and time. Because of the semi-Lagrangian nature, the time step is not restricted by a CFL-type condition. Applications are presented to rigid body rotation, Vlasov Poisson system and the BGK model of rarefied gas dynamics. In the first two cases operator splitting is adopted, to obtain high order accuracy in time, and a conservative reconstruction that preserves the maximum and minimum of the function is used. For initially positive solutions, in particular, this guarantees exact preservation of the L1-norm. Conservative schemes for the BGK model are constructed by coupling the conservative reconstruction with a conservative treatment of the collision term. High order in time is obtained by either Runge-Kutta or BDF time discretization of the equation along characteristics. Because of L-stability and exact conservation, the resulting scheme for the BGK model is asymptotic preserving for the underlying fluid dynamic limit. Several test cases in one and two space dimensions confirm the accuracy and robustness of the methods, and the AP property of the schemes when applied to the BGK model.
description: 37 pages
Proper Motions of the HH 47 Jet Observed with the Hubble Space Telescope
Creators: name: Hartigan, P.
name: Heathcote, S.
name: Morse, J.
name: Reipurth, B.
name: Bally, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a proper motion study of the shock waves within the classic stellar jet HH 47 based on Hubble Space Telescope H-alpha and [S II] images of the region taken over two epochs. Individual knots within the jet and in the bow shock/Mach disk working surface of HH 47A move significantly in the five years that separate the images, and the excellent spatial resolution of HST makes it possible to measure the proper motions with enough precision to easily observe differential motions throughout the flow. The bright portion of the jet emerges at 37.5 +/- 2.5 degrees from the plane of the sky with an average velocity of 300 km/s. Dynamical ages of the shock waves in the jet range from a few decades for knots recently ejected by the source to ~ 1300 years for the faint extended bow shock HH 47D. The jet curves, but motions of knots in the jet are directed radially away from the exciting source, and velocity variability in the flow drives the shock waves that heat the jet internally. The jet orientation angle varies with time by about 15 degrees, and currently points to the northwestern portion of a cavity outlined by a reflection nebula, where a quasi-stationary shock deflects the jet. The major working surface HH 47A is more complex than a simple bow shock/Mach disk, and contains numerous clumps that move relative to one another with velocities of ~ +/- 40 km/s. Small clumps or instabilities affect the Mach disk, and dense clumps may move all the way through the working surface to cause the bumpy morphology seen at the bow shock. A localized area between the bow shock and Mach disk varies significantly between the two sets of images.
description: full resolution figures available at http://sparky.rice.edu/~hartigan/pub.html; Accepted for publication in the Astronomical Journal
Leadership May Have Decisive Influence on Successful Transition of Production Cooperative
Creators: name: Forgacs, Csaba
name: Forgacs, Csaba
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Labor and Human Capital
subject: social capital
subject: transformation of coops
subject: leadership
subject: producing coops

description: In Hungary increasing number of coops have gone bankruptcy or split up after meeting new legal needs because of not being competitive under market conditions after radical reforms. Others, however, could maintain previous level of farming or even increase it. Former coop members and individual farmers have also established new coops using bottom up approach. The paper discusses the importance of leadership of coops with different background which not well addressed in the literature. It took into account that old type produce coops had not only been an economic unit but a social network of people as well giving a special character to the coop. Two cases, one of an old and, one of a new coop, as success stories, were used and comparison of their development and leadership structure has been made. Findings were found that for a traditional agricultural coop a more social (member) oriented leadership has helped to overcome economic, social and psychological barriers occurred during transition, while in case of new coop improving cooperation depended mainly on the level of social capital improved after radical reforms.
Evidence against strong correlation in 4d transition metal oxides, CaRuO3 and SrRuO3
Creators: name: Maiti, Kalobaran
name: Singh, Ravi Shankar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the electronic structure of 4d transition metal oxides, CaRuO3 and SrRuO3. The analysis of the photoemission spectra reveals significantly weak electron correlation strength (U/W ~ 0.2) as expected in 4d systems and resolves the long standing issue that arose due to the prediction of large U/W similar to 3d-systems. It is shown that the bulk spectra, thermodynamic parameters and optical properties in these systems can consistently be described using first principle approaches. The observation of different surface and bulk electronic structures in these weakly correlated 4d systems is unusual.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures
Conservative semi-Lagrangian schemes for kinetic equations Part I: Reconstruction
Creators: name: Cho, Seung Yeon
name: Boscarino, Sebastiano
name: Russo, Giovanni
name: Yun, Seok-Bae
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 65D05, 65M06, 65M25

description: In this paper, we propose and analyse a reconstruction technique which enables one to design high-order conservative semi-Lagrangian schemes for kinetic equations. The proposed reconstruction can be obtained by taking the sliding average of a given polynomial reconstruction of the numerical solution. A compact representation of the high order conservative reconstruction in one and two space dimension is provided, and its mathematical properties are analyzed. To demonstrate the performance of proposed technique, we consider implicit semi-Lagrangian schemes for kinetic-like equations such as the Xin-Jin model and the Broadwell model, and then solve related shock problems which arise in the relaxation limit. Applications to BGK and Vlasov-Poisson equations will be presented in the second part of the paper.
description: 38 pages
[Letter from Universitets-bibliotheket]
Creators: name: Universitets-Bibliotheket
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1909

description: Expresses gratitude for the papers: 1. Pliostroma, a new subgenus of Melobesia. DKNVS skrifter 1908, No. 11, 2. Nye Kalkalger. DKNVS Skrifter 1908, No. 12.
The Effects of Market Reform on Maize Marketing Margins in South Africa: An Empirical Study
Creators: name: Traub, Lulama Ndibongo
name: Jayne, Thomas S.
name: Traub, Lulama Ndibongo
name: Jayne, Thomas S.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: Maize milling/retailing marketing margins
subject: Market Reform
subject: Ordinary Least Squares
subject: Feasible General Least Squares.

description: This paper determines the effect of market reform and price decontrol on the size of maize milling/retail margins in South Africa. Regression models of monthly milling/retail margins are run over the period May 1976 to September 2003. To assess the robustness of our findings, we estimate several different model specifications for representing structural change, vary the sample period to examine the sensitivity of findings to unusual weather and market conditions in the region during the 2001-2003 period, and use different estimation techniques, OLS with Newey-West robust estimators and Feasible General Least Squares. In virtually all models, the results indicate that real maize milling/retailing margins in South Africa have increased since the market deregulation in 1997. Controlling for disturbances in weather, wages, exchange rate levels and volatility, inflation-adjusted margins accruing to millers and retailers have risen 29 to 42 percent between 1997 and 2003. Unlike experiences elsewhere in the region, maize market reform in South Africa has not benefited consumers.
Griechisch-syrische Väterlisten der frühen griechischen Synoden (mit 1 Abbildung)
Creators: name: Kaufhold, Hubert
Publisher: name: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients
Year: 2024

description: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients, Bd. 77 (1993): Oriens christianus, Band 77
A Study of Final State Effects in the electrodisintegration of a polarized Helium-3 target
Creators: name: Kievsky, A.
name: Pace, E.
name: Salme`, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An approach for the description of the final state interaction in the evaluation of inclusive electromagnetic responses of a polarized Helium-3 target, is briefly illustrated. Preliminary results of calculations, where the final state interaction is fully taken into account for the two-body break-up channel, are compared with experimental data, showing a very encouraging improvement with respect to the plane wave impulse approximation results.
description: 8 pages. Proc. of "GDH 2004", Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Va, June 2-5, 2004. Class file "ws-procs9x6.cls" and style file "rotating_pr.sty" included
[Letter from Johan Nordal Fischer Wille]
Creators: name: Wille, Johan Nordal Fischer
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1909
Subjects: Göbel, K.
Brotherus
Wetterlein
Pilger, Robert Knud Friedrich

description: There are three spare places in the Videnskabsselskabet foreign botanical group. Proposals must be sent before 12 February. His opinion is that Professor K. Göbel from München, the bryologist Brotherus and Professor Wetterlein from Vienna should be admitted.
The Establishment of Central Market Butter Prices in Chicago and New York
Creators: name: March, Robert W.
name: Herrmann, Louis F.
name: March, Robert W.
name: Herrmann, Louis F.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1953
Subjects: subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: Excerpts from the report Introduction: The study reported in this publication was part of a larger study of the central dairy markets and of the manner in which prices of dairy products are established. The purposes of this report may be listed as follows: 1. To describe the Chicago and New York wholesale butter markets with particular attention to the manner in which central market prices are established and how they are used in buying and selling butter. 2. To determine whether the trading in wholesale bulk butter in the central markets, particularly on the spot boards of the Chicago and New York mercantile exchanges, is of such a nature that the forces of supply and demand are adequately brought to focus. 3. To determine the features of the marketing system which may have a bearing on day-to-day fluctuations in the price of butter. 4. To examine the charge that central market quotations understate the "true" value of butter.
Magnetic-buoyancy Induced Mixing in AGB Stars: Presolar SiC Grains
Creators: name: Vescovi, Diego
name: Cristallo, Sergio
name: Busso, Maurizio
name: Liu, Nan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Isotope ratios can be measured in presolar SiC grains from ancient Asymptotic Giant Branch (AGB) stars at permil-level (0.1\%) precision. Such precise grain data permit derivation of more stringent constraints and calibrations on mixing efficiency in AGB models than traditional spectroscopic observations. In this paper we compare SiC heavy-element isotope ratios to a new series of FRUITY models that include the effects of mixing triggered by magnetic fields. Based on 2D and 3D simulations available in the literature, we propose a new formulation, upon which the general features of mixing induced by magnetic fields can be derived. The efficiency of such a mixing, on the other hand, relies on physical quantities whose values are poorly constrained. We present here our calibration by comparing our model results with the heavy-element isotope data of presolar SiC grains from AGB stars. We demonstrate that the isotopic compositions of all measured elements (Ni, Sr, Zr, Mo, Ba) can be simultaneously fitted by adopting a single magnetic field configuration in our new FRUITY models.
description: 9 pages, 4 figures, 1 table. Accepted for publication on ApJL
Additional file 1 of Engendering health systems in response to national rollout of dolutegravir-based regimens among women of childbearing potential: a qualitative study with stakeholders in South Africa and Uganda
Creators: name: Yussif Alhassan
name: Adelline Twimukye
name: Thoko Malaba
name: Orrell, Catherine
name: Myer, Landon
name: Waitt, Catriona
name: Lamorde, Mohammed
name: Kambugu, Andrew
name: Reynolds, Helen
name: Saye Khoo
name: Taegtmeyer, Miriam
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1. Topic guide for interview with health system stakeholders.
10 New Very Low Mass Close Binaries Resolved in the Visible
Creators: name: Law, Nicholas M.
name: Hodgkin, Simon T.
name: Mackay, Craig D.
name: Baldwin, John E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present preliminary results from the first part of the LuckyCam late M-dwarf binarity survey. We survey a sample of 48 nearby ($
description: Accepted to Astron. Nachr
[Letter from Johan Nordal Fischer Wille]
Creators: name: Wille, Johan Nordal Fischer
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1909
Subjects: Skottsberg, Carl Johan Fredrik

description: Advises using the money from the Nansen Foundation to finish the photographs, and then request more money towards the printing of the monograph later. Expresses gratitude for Foslie’s opinion on the fossils photographed by Nathorst; he has sent them to him. Dr. Skottsberg is coming to Christiania from Argentina. The paper on the [Chlorophyccees] is almost finished.
Tomonaga-Luttinger parameters for doped Mott insulators
Creators: name: Ejima, Satoshi
name: Gebhard, Florian
name: Nishimoto, Satoshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Tomonaga--Luttinger parameter $K_ρ$ determines the critical behavior in quasi one-dimensional correlated electron systems, e.g., the exponent $α$ for the density of states near the Fermi energy. We use the numerical density-matrix renormalization group method to calculate $K_ρ$ from the slope of the density-density correlation function in momentum space at zero wave vector. We check the accuracy of our new approach against exact results for the Hubbard and XXZ Heisenberg models. We determine $K_ρ$ in the phase diagram of the extended Hubbard model at quarter filling, $n_{\rm c}=1/2$, and confirm the bosonization results $K_ρ=n_{\rm c}^2=1/4$ on the critical line and $K_ρ^{\rm CDW}=n_{\rm c}^2/2=1/8$ at infinitesimal doping of the charge-density-wave (CDW) insulator for all interaction strengths. The doped CDW insulator exhibits exponents $α>1$ only for small doping and strong correlations.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures
3-CO Interview Series with Margaux Le Gallou (Environmental Coalition on Standards) on the consumer perspective towards Label and Certification Schemes (LCS) and consumer friendly label design
Creators: name: Schwarzenberger, Anke
name: Banduka, Dusica
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Certification
BioEconomy
BioBased
Social Innovation
Green Price Premium
BioBased Products

description: The 3-CO interview series features consortium and external-advisory-board members of the 3-CO project.

This episode features Margaux Le Gallou from the Environmental Coalition on Standards, who discusses the consumer perspective towards labels and certification schemes and their position towards bio-based products. She further introduces their findings on smart label design in order to increase consumer trust. 

Consumers play an essential role in the successful transition to a circular bio-based economy. To make informed and conscious buying decisions, consumers rely on labels and certification schemes (LCS).

The 3-CO project will support consumers’ purchasing decisions towards more sustainable solutions by improving the communication of LCS on a Business-to-Consumers (B2C) level. To unlock the full potential of the bioeconomy and industrial bio-based products (BBPs) 3-CO will establish a supportive framework and develop actionable guidelines for LCS owners that reflect consumers’ and other stakeholders’ needs.

Meanwhile intense consumer involvement and digital tools will demonstrate their viability.
Additional file 1 of Clinical efficacy of various anti-hypertensive regimens in hypertensive women of Punjab; a longitudinal cohort study
Creators: name: Umair, Muhammad
name: Mobasher Ahmad
name: Saeed, Hamid
name: Zikria Saleem
name: Tauqeer, Fatima
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1 Table S1. Population clinical and laboratory biochemical values of four anti-hypertensive therapies; baseline vs follow ups. Figure S1. Macrograph Showing Frequency of Co-morbidities in Hypertensive Women of Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Figure S2. Macrograph Showing Frequency of Therapy Related Adverse Effects in Hypertensive Women.
Operational Research Literature as a Use Case for the Open Research Knowledge Graph
Creators: name: Runnwerth, Mila
name: Stocker, Markus
name: Auer, Sören
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Digital Libraries (cs.DL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: H.3.7; I.2.4
subject: 68T30, 90C10

description: The Open Research Knowledge Graph (ORKG) provides machine-actionable access to scholarly literature that habitually is written in prose. Following the FAIR principles, the ORKG makes traditional, human-coded knowledge findable, accessible, interoperable, and reusable in a structured manner in accordance with the Linked Open Data paradigm. At the moment, in ORKG papers are described manually, but in the long run the semantic depth of the literature at scale needs automation. Operational Research is a suitable test case for this vision because the mathematical field and, hence, its publication habits are highly structured: A mundane problem is formulated as a mathematical model, solved or approximated numerically, and evaluated systematically. We study the existing literature with respect to the Assembly Line Balancing Problem and derive a semantic description in accordance with the ORKG. Eventually, selected papers are ingested to test the semantic description and refine it further.
description: International Congress on Mathematical Software (ICMS) 2020
[Letter from Johan Nordal Fischer Wille]
Creators: name: Wille, Johan Nordal Fischer
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1909
Subjects: Nathorst, Alfred Gabriel
Henckel, Alexander Hermanowitsch
Nansen, Fridtjof Wedel-Jarlsberg

description: Congratulations with the Fridtjof Nansen award. Was in Stockholm and celebrated Wittrock. Is travelling to Cherbourg and the biological station there to do some work; is Foslie interested in having calcareous algae from there. Expresses his opinion about Henckel's major work on phytoplankton in the Caspian Sea, that he is too irresponsible in his work.
Einstein-Born-Infeld-dilaton black holes in non-asymptotically flat spacetimes
Creators: name: Yazadjiev, Stoytcho S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive exact magnetically charged, static and spherically symmetric black hole solutions of the four-dimensional Einstein-Born-Infeld-dilaton gravity. These solutions are neither asymptotically flat nor (anti)-de Sitter. The properties of the solutions are discussed. It is shown that the black holes are stable against linear radial perturbations.
description: 11 pages, 1 figure; v2 typos corrected; v3 comments added in conclusion
Examining practice, understanding experience : AIDS prevention workers and injection drug users in Vancouver Canada
Creators: name: Egan, John Patrick
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: This study examines the experiences of HIV/AIDS prevention workers whose clients include injection drug users (IDUs). Via a mixed methods approach (survey questionnaire and interview) the specifics of workers' practices were documented, along with their perspectives on a variety of IDU, addiction and HIV/AIDS-related issues. Foucault's writings on knowledge and power were used as the theoretical framework for this analysis. Thirty-six workers completed a self-administered questionnaire, from which preliminary analyses were conducted to identify emergent themes for exploration during qualitative interviews. Sixteen participants subsequently discussed themes such as treatment options, social marginalization, and the workers' approaches to working with IDUs. The findings reveal that the workers share some common beliefs. They are convinced their IDU clients would be able to practice better self care if they had access to safe and affordable housing. In terms of addictions services, the continued broadening of needle exchange programs (NEPs) is good, but that NEP itself should not be the only harm reduction strategy in place. With regards to abstinence-based services, none of the participants found satisfactory the existing meagre services accesible to their clients who want to stop using drugs. They were ambivalent towards methadone maintenance therapy (MMT), once used as an initial stage towards total abstinence, now more commonly used as a harm reduction instrument, by eliminating opiate use (and injection), or reducing the frequency of opiate injection. Workers emphasized the substanial gaps between the services available and what is needed, in terms of harm reduction or (particularly) abstinence. These workers use their own, local knowledge about IDUs and addiction, and navigate their clients through the limited services available. As hundreds of IDUs continue to become infected with HIV each year in Vancouver, a dramatic increase in access to abstinence-based services, and a more explicit gradiation between "pure" abstinence-based programs and NEPs, could be put in place. Most workers support a more nuanced spectrum of treatment options for IDUs.
Monotone skew-product semiflows for Carathéodory differential equations and applications
Creators: name: Longo, Iacopo P.
name: Novo, Sylvia
name: Obaya, Rafael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The first part of the paper is devoted to studying the continuous dependence of the solutions of Carathéodory constant delay differential equations where the vector fields satisfy classical cooperative conditions. As a consequence, when the set of considered vector fields is invariant with respect to the time-translation map, the continuity of the respective induced skew-product semiflows is obtained. These results are important for the study of the long-term behavior of the trajectories. In particular, the construction of semicontinuous semiequilibria and equilibria is extended to the context of ordinary and delay Carathéodory differential equations. Under appropriate assumptions of sublinearity, the existence of a unique continuous equilibrium, whose graph coincides with the pullback attractor for the evolution processes, is shown. The conditions under which such a solution is the forward attractor of the considered problem are outlined. Two examples of application of the developed tools are also provided.
description: 37 pages
THE IMPORTANCE OF AND ECONOMIC MOTIVATION FOR THE INTERNATIONAL LICENSING OF BRANDED FOOD AND RELATED PRODUCTS
Creators: name: Henderson, Dennis R.
name: Sheldon, Ian M.
name: Henderson, Dennis R.
name: Sheldon, Ian M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1991
Subjects: International Relations/Trade

description: Casual empiricism suggests that the international licensing of the production and marketing of branded food and related products may become an increasingly important aspect of the globalization of the food industry, particularly in sectors such as soft drinks, brewing and confectionery products. For example, Coca-Cola and Pepsi-Cola both license the canning and distribution of their final products in overseas markets, Anheuser-Busch and Miller license production of various of their beer brands whilst Nestle chocolate products are manufactured under license in the United States by Hershey. The purpose of this paper is twofold; first, in Section 1 empirical evidence on the extent of international licensing is presented and evaluated. In particular, due to recent developments, the specific focus of the analysis is on the case of brewing where the licensing of branded beers appears to be a fairly widespread international phenomenon and is often two-way in nature, i.e. U.S. brewers act as both licensor and licensees. Second, because much of the recent theoretical literature on licensing has dealt only with the licensing of process technologies rather than branded products, Section 2 considers the possible motives for such licensing using a simple game-theoretic structure. The results suggest that imperfect competition in overseas markets and imperfect information may be important determinants of international licensing. Finally, the research and strategic implications of international licensing are considered.
Additional file 5 of A problem-oriented systems approach to primary care system development: development and initial testing of the problem-oriented primary care system development record
Creators: name: Shukor, Ali Rafik
name: Barbazza, Erica
name: Klazinga, Niek
name: Kringos, Dionne Sofia
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 5. Supplementary file containing the following: the full Table 1, Fig. 9 and Fig. 10. Table 1. Query of Tajikistan’s Problem Statement list and Problem System (Probα) codes. Fig. 9. Socioeconomic context table comprised of UNData indicators, by year (screenshot). Fig. 10. Fragility context table comprised of Deutsches Institut für Entwicklungspolitik (DIE) Constellations of State Fragility and Fragile State Index (FSI) indicators, by year (screenshot).
Homogenization of hyperbolic equations with periodic coefficients in ${\mathbb R}^d$: sharpness of the results
Creators: name: Dorodnyi, Mark
name: Suslina, Tatiana
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In $L_2({\mathbb R}^d;{\mathbb C}^n)$, a selfadjoint strongly elliptic second order differential operator ${\mathcal A}_\varepsilon$ is considered. It is assumed that the coefficients of the operator ${\mathcal A}_\varepsilon$ are periodic and depend on ${\mathbf x}/\varepsilon$, where $\varepsilon >0$ is a small parameter. We find approximations for the operators $\cos ( {\mathcal A}_\varepsilon^{1/2}τ)$ and ${\mathcal A}_\varepsilon^{-1/2}\sin ( {\mathcal A}_\varepsilon^{1/2}τ)$ in the norm of operators acting from the Sobolev space $H^s({\mathbb R}^d)$ to $L_2({\mathbb R}^d)$ (with suitable $s$). We also find approximation with corrector for the operator ${\mathcal A}_\varepsilon^{-1/2}\sin ( {\mathcal A}_\varepsilon^{1/2}τ)$ in the $(H^s \to H^1)$-norm. The question about the sharpness of the results with respect to the type of the operator norm and with respect to the dependence of estimates on $τ$ is studied. The results are applied to study the behavior of the solutions of the Cauchy problem for the hyperbolic equation $\partial_τ^2 {\mathbf u}_\varepsilon = - {\mathcal A}_\varepsilon {\mathbf u}_\varepsilon + {\mathbf F}$.
description: 95 pages
An Active Instance-based Machine Learning method for Stellar Population Studies
Creators: name: Solorio, Thamar
name: Fuentes, Olac
name: Terlevich, Roberto
name: Terlevich, Elena
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have developed a method for fast and accurate stellar population parameters determination in order to apply it to high resolution galaxy spectra. The method is based on an optimization technique that combines active learning with an instance-based machine learning algorithm. We tested the method with the retrieval of the star-formation history and dust content in "synthetic" galaxies with a wide range of S/N ratios. The "synthetic" galaxies where constructed using two different grids of high resolution theoretical population synthesis models. The results of our controlled experiment shows that our method can estimate with good speed and accuracy the parameters of the stellar populations that make up the galaxy even for very low S/N input. For a spectrum with S/N=5 the typical average deviation between the input and fitted spectrum is less than 10**{-5}. Additional improvements are achieved using prior knowledge.
description: 14 pages, 25 figures, accepted by Monthly Notices
MPEC 2024-A145 : 2024 AS3
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2024 AS3

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Optomechanically induced ultraslow and ultrafast light
Creators: name: Yan, Xiao-Bo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Slow and fast light is an important and fascinating phenomenon in quantum optics. Here, we theoretically study how to achieve the ultraslow and ultrafast light in a passive-active optomechanical system, based on the ideal optomechanically induced transparency (OMIT). Under the conditions of the ideal OMIT, an abnormal (inverted) transparency window will emerge accompanied with a very steep dispersion, resulting that the ultraslow light can be easily achieved at the transparency window by adjusting the dissipation rates of the two cavities, even with usual mechanical linewidth (such as Hz linewidth). Particularly, as the decay rate of the passive cavity tends to the gain rate of the active cavity, the ideal stopped light can be achieved. Similarly, the ultrafast light can be achieved at transparency window by tuning the coupling strength and the decay rates in the system.
description: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2005.11871
A universally programmable Quantum Cellular Automaton
Creators: name: Shepherd, D. J.
name: Franz, T.
name: Werner, R. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the role of classical control in the context of reversible quantum cellular automata. Employing the structure theorem for quantum cellular automata, we give a general construction scheme to turn an arbitrary cellular automaton with external classical control into an autonomous one, thereby proving the computational equivalence of these two models. We use this technique to construct a universally programmable cellular automaton on a one-dimensional lattice with single cell dimension 12.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures, minor changes in introduction, fixed typos, accepted for publication in Physical Review Letters
Additional file 1 of Recent advance in treatment of osteoarthritis by bioactive components from herbal medicine
Creators: name: Xu-Zhao Li
name: Zhang, Shuai-Nan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1: Figure S1. Molecular structures of bioactive components isolated from herbal medicines treating OA.
Comparative Economies of Different Types of Cotton-Seed Oil Mills and Their Effects on Oil Supplies, Prices, and Returns to Growers
Creators: name: Brewster, John M.
name: Brewster, John M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1954
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries
Demand and Price Analysis
Industrial Organization
Production Economics
Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies

description: Excerpt from the report Summary: On the recommendation of the Cotton and Cottonseed Advisory Committee of the United States Department of Agriculture, a study was undertaken to determine: (1) The comparative economies of different types of cottonseed oil mills; and (2) the effect of industrywide changes in types of mills on the supply and the price of cottonseed oil and the value of cottonseed sold by growers. Four types of mills were studied: Hydraulic, screw-press, direct-solvent, and prepress-solvent.
Regards croisés Nord Sud sur les mobilités dans les marges - Éditorial
Creators: name: Deymier, Ghislaine
name: Turki, Sami Yassine
name: Claux, Martin
Publisher: name: Univ Gustave Eiffel
Year: 2025
Subjects: Architecture, aménagement de l'espace

description: RTS - Recherche Transports Sécurité, volume 2025
description: RTS - Recherche Transports Sécurité, volume 2025
Delayed Photoionization Feedback in a Super Star Cluster in SBS0335-052E
Creators: name: Thompson, Rodger I.
name: Sauvage, Marc
name: Kennicutt, Robert C.
name: Engelbracht, Charles
name: Vanzi, Leonardo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: SBS0335-052 is a well studied Blue Compact Dwarf galaxy with one of the lowest metallicities of any known galaxy. It also contains 6 previously identified Super Star Clusters. We combine archival HST NICMOS images in the Pa alpha line and the 1.6 micron continuum of the eastern component, SBS0335-052E, with other space and ground based data to perform a multi-wavelength analysis of the super star clusters. We concentrate on the southern most clusters, designated S1 and S2, which appear to be the youngest clusters and are the strongest emitters of Pa alpha, radio, and x-ray flux. Our analysis leads to a possible model for S1 and perhaps S2 as a cluster of very young, massive stars with strong stellar winds. The wind density can be high enough to absorb the majority of ionizing photons within less than 1000 AU of the stars, creating very compact HII regions that emit optically thick radiation at radio wavelengths. These winds would then effectively quench the photoionizing flux very close to the stars. This can delay the onset of negative feedback by photoionization and photodissociation on star formation in the clusters. This is significant since SBS0335-052E resembles the conditions that were probably common for high redshift star formation in galaxies near the epoch of reionization.
description: Accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal
The Power of Connection: Leveraging Network Analysis to Advance Receivable Financing
Creators: name: Bordino, Ilaria
name: Gullo, Francesco
name: Legnaro, Giacomo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Data Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS)
subject: Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science (cs.CE)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Receivable financing is the process whereby cash is advanced to firms against receivables their customers have yet to pay: a receivable can be sold to a funder, which immediately gives the firm cash in return for a small percentage of the receivable amount as a fee. Receivable financing has been traditionally handled in a centralized way, where every request is processed by the funder individually and independently of one another. In this work we propose a novel, network-based approach to receivable financing, which enables customers of the same funder to autonomously pay each other as much as possible, and gives benefits to both the funder (reduced cash anticipation and exposure risk) and its customers (smaller fees and lightweight service establishment). Our main contributions consist in providing a principled formulation of the network-based receivable-settlement strategy, and showing how to achieve all algorithmic challenges posed by the design of this strategy. We formulate network-based receivable financing as a novel combinatorial-optimization problem on a multigraph of receivables. We show that the problem is NP-hard, and devise an exact branch-and-bound algorithm, as well as algorithms to efficiently find effective approximate solutions. Our more efficient algorithms are based on cycle enumeration and selection, and exploit a theoretical characterization in terms of a knapsack problem, as well as a refining strategy that properly adds paths between cycles. We also investigate the real-world issue of avoiding temporary violations of the problem constraints, and design methods for handling it. An extensive experimental evaluation is performed on real receivable data. Results attest the good performance of our methods.
description: IEEE TNSE 2020; Bordino and Gullo "Network-based Receivable Financing" Proc. of ACM CIKM 2018 Conf
Magnetically induced splitting of a giant vortex state in a mesoscopic superconducting disk
Creators: name: Golubovic, D. S.
name: Milosevic, M. V.
name: Peeters, F. M.
name: Moshchalkov, V. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The nucleation of superconductivity in a superconducting disk with a Co/Pt magnetic triangle was studied. We demonstrate that when the applied magnetic field is parallel to the magnetization of the triangle, the giant vortex state of vorticity three splits into three individual F0-vortices, due to a pronounced influence of the C3 symmetry of the magnetic triangle. As a result of a strong pinning of the three vortices by the triangle, their configuration remains stable in a broad range of applied magnetic fields. For sufficiently high fields, F0-vortices merge and the nucleation occurs through the giant vortex state. The theoretical analysis of this novel reentrant behaviour at the phase boundary, obtained within the Ginzburg - Landau formalism, is in excellent agreement with the experimental data.
description: to be published in Phys. Rev. B - Rapid. Comm
The Distance and Metallicity of the Newly Discovered, Nearby Irregular Galaxy HIZSS3
Creators: name: Silva, David R.
name: Massey, Philip
name: DeGioia-Eastwood, Kathleen
name: Henning, P. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: HIZSS3 is an H I source in the Zone of Avoidance. Its radio characteristics are consistent with it being nearby (~ 1.8 Mpc) low-mass dwarf irregular (dIm) galaxy. It contains a modest H II region, but its stellar population has not been resolved by optical observations. MMT spectra of the H II region are used to derive the line-of-sight extinction (E(B-V) = 1.41 +/- 0.04) and gas metallicity (log O/H + 12 ~ 7.8). ESO VLT near-IR images clearly reveal a resolved stellar population. Narrow-band Pbeta images of the H II region are used in combination with previously published Halpha data to obtain an independent line-of-sight extinction estimate: E(B-V) = 1.32 +/- 0.04. The adopted foreground extinction is E(B-V) = 1.36 +/- 0.06. Based on the K-band luminosity function and K,J-K color-magnitude diagram, the apparent magnitude and color of the tip of the red-giant branch (TRGB) are derived. In turn, these parameters are combined with the adopted foreground extinction to estimate the distance (1.69 +/- 0.07 Mpc) and mean red giant branch metallicity ([Fe/H] = -0.5 +/- 0.1). As an ensemble, these new observations significantly strengthen the conclusion that HIZSS3 is a newly discovered low-mass dIm lurking behind the Milky Way in the outskirts of the Local Group.
description: Accepted, scheduled for ApJ, 10 Apr 05, V623 ; 14 pages
Late Emission from the Type Ib/c SN 2001em: Overtaking the Hydrogen Envelope
Creators: name: Chugai, Nikolai N.
name: Chevalier, Roger A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Type Ib/c supernova SN 2001em was observed to have strong radio, X-ray, and Halpha emission at an age of about 2.5 yr. Although the radio and X-ray emission have been attributed to an off-axis gamma-ray burst, we model the emission as the interaction of normal SN Ib/c ejecta with a dense, massive (3 Msun) circumstellar shell at a distance about 7 x 10^{16} cm. We investigate two models, in which the circumstellar shell has or has not been overtaken by the forward shock at the time of the X-ray observation. The circumstellar shell was presumably formed by vigorous mass loss with a rate (2-10) x 10^{-3} Msun/yr at 1000-2000 yr prior to the supernova explosion. The hydrogen envelope was completely lost, and subsequently was swept up and accelerated by the fast wind of the presupernova star up to a velocity of 30-50 km/s. Although interaction with the shell can explain most of the late emission properties of SN 2001em, we need to invoke clumping of the gas to explain the low absorption at X-ray and radio wavelengths.
description: 26 pages, 4 figures, ApJ submitted
Core Electron Spectroscopic Studies for 11-Fe-based Superconductors
Creators: name: Ghosh, Soumyadeep
name: Ghosh, Haranath
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Electron energy loss near edge spectra (ELNES) has been calculated for two different Fe based superconducting material FeSe and FeTe using density functional theory (DFT). Fe K-edge absorption spectra consist of several features, origins of which are thoroughly described in light of partial density of states of constituent atoms. Here we have included "core-hole effect" and found drastic change in absorption spectra. Our results including core hole effect matches very well with experimental X-ray Absorption Near Edge Structure (XANES) results available in literature.
description: conference paper
Constraining nuclear equations of state using gravitational waves from hypermassive neutron stars
Creators: name: Shibata, Masaru
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Latest general relativistic simulations for merger of binary neutron stars with realistic equations of state (EOSs) show that a hypermassive neutron star of an ellipsoidal figure is formed after the merger if the total mass is smaller than a threshold value which depends on the EOSs. The effective amplitude of quasiperiodic gravitational waves from such hypermassive neutron stars is $\sim 6$--$7 \times 10^{-21}$ at a distance of 50 Mpc, which may be large enough for detection by advanced laser interferometric gravitational wave detectors although the frequency is high $\sim 3$ kHz. We point out that the detection of such signal may lead to constraining the EOSs for neutron stars.
description: 4 pages, to appear in Phys. Rev. Lett