Lasioglossum (Dialictus) holzenthali Gardner & Gibbs 2023, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Gardner, Joel
name: Gibbs, Jason
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Halictidae
Lasioglossum
Lasioglossum holzenthali

description: Lasioglossum (Dialictus) holzenthali sp. nov.
urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 67961059-A459-4E63-9B7A-E519683BBCCA
Figs 33–35, 76H, 81B, 95A, 96A, 97A, 102A, 116A
Diagnosis
Females of L. holzenthali sp. nov. have the tegula very small (maximum length ≤ 45% ITS and not reaching posterior margin of mesoscutum in dorsal view), with inner posterior margin straight or very weakly concave, and usually sparsely punctate (IS = 1–4 PD); postgena smooth, shiny to imbricate; metapostnotum shiny with coarse subparallel rugae; mesepisternum very dull, strongly imbricate, with punctures dense but usually distinctly separated (IS ≤1 PD); T1–T3 apical rims usually distinctly punctate with very little change in sculpture across premarginal line; metasomal terga largely lacking tomentum (T2–T3 with very small basolateral patches and T4 with very sparse tomentum), and mesoscutum with dense erect pubescence (each seta less than its length from the one nearest it) and intervening setae short but with distinct length 0.25 OD or more.
Females of L. holzenthali sp. nov. are most similar to those of L. eremum sp. nov., L. perparvum, and L. profundum sp. nov. Females of L. perparvum and L. profundum have the T1–T3 apical rims more sparsely or indistinctly punctate than discs or impunctate. Females of L. eremum have the mesoscutum and mesepisternum usually shiny and metapostnotum rugose with strong anastomosing rugae. Females of L. perparvum also have the metapostnotum dull with fine rugae and mesoscutum with sparse erect pubescence (each seta separated by about its length from the one nearest it) and intervening setae no more than stubble. Females of L. profundum have the tegula entirely impunctate (except anterior margin) and metasomal terga with more extensive tomentum.
Males of L. holzenthali sp. nov. have the tegula relatively small (as in the female, but more often densely punctate (IS ≤ 1 PD)); T1–T3 uniformly densely punctate (IS ≤ 1 PD) with no change in sculpture across premarginal line; metapostnotum shiny with strong parallel rugae; and face below eye emargination with dense tomentum limited to lower paraocular area, sparse elsewhere. The densely punctate apical rims of T1–T3 are unique within the L. gemmatum species complex and will readily separate male L. holzenthali from other known species. Males of L. angelicum sp. nov., L. helianthi, L. pseudotegulare, and some other species in the L. stictaspis species complex can have numerous punctures on the rims of T1–T2, but these punctures are absent on the extreme apical margins, T1 medially, and T2 far sides; in addition, the tegula is usually much larger with the inner posterior margin strongly concave.
Etymology
The specific epithet ʻ holzenthali ʼ is a dedication to Ralph Holzenthal, in recognition for kindling my interest in taxonomy and supporting my work and studies at UMSP.
Material examined
Holotype UNITED STATES – Arizona • ♀; Pima Co., Tucson, Pima Canyon; 32.358° N, 110.933° W; 7 Mar. 2018; T.J. Wood leg.; WRME.
[Verbatim label: USA: AZ: Pima 7.iii.2018 / Tucson, Pima Canyon / 32.358°, -110.933° / leg. T.J. Wood // BOLD / DLIII 126-18 / gard0063-AZ // HOLOTYPE / Lasioglossum (Dialictus) holzenthali Gardner and Gibbs]
Paratypes
GUATEMALA – Huehuetenango • 1 ♂; La Democracia, Calauté; 15.571° N, 91.8496° W; elev. 915 m; 27 Apr. 2010; Philippe Sagot, Cafeta leg.; ECOAB.43127.
MEXICO – Chiapas • 1 ♀; 32 km E of La Trinitaria, Chinkultic ruins; 16.1333° N, 91.7833° W; elev. 1430 m; 15 Apr. 1993; C. Mendoza leg.; SEMC SM0341356 • 1 ♀; Soyalo; 16.91° N, 92.94° W; elev. 1356 m; 15 Jun. 2016; Philippe Sagot leg.; ECOAB ECOAB.66657. – Guerrero • 1 ♂; 20 mi. S of Chilpancingo; [17.25° N, 99.48° W]; elev. 1128 m; 6 Aug. 1954; SEMC • 1 ♀; 6 mi. NE of Tixtla; [17.63° N, 99.33° W]; 16 Jul. 1984; J.B. Woolley leg.; TAMU-ENTO X1362205. – Hidalgo • 1 ♀; 38 mi. NE of Jacala; [21.4° N, 98.8° W]; elev. 945 m; 10 Jul. 1961; ex Bidens sp.; SEMC. – Jalisco • 1 ♀; Chamela Estación Biologia; [19.5° N, 105.04° W]; 11 Mar. 2000; F.D. Parker leg.; BBSL397009. – Michoacán • 2 ♀♀; Dr. Miguel Silva, 9 km S of Ario de Rosales; 19.116° N, 101.7357° W; elev. 1450 m; 29 Oct. 1987; T. L. Griswold leg.; BBSL1100948, BBSL1100949 • 1 ♀; Huetamo, Highway 15; 18.631° N, 100.8995° W; 7 Mar. 1972; F.D. Parker, D. Miller leg.; BBSL1100941 • 2 ♂♂; Los Sabinos, 28 km S of Ario de Rosales; 18.9556° N, 101.7447° W; elev. 1190 m; 29 Oct. 1987; T. L. Griswold leg.; BBSL1100938, BBSL1100939. – Morelos • 2 ♀♀; 4.7 mi. S of Yautepec; [18.82° N, 99.06° W]; elev. 983 m; 15 Aug. 1962; University of Kansas Mexico Expedition leg.; SEMC • 1 ♀; 7.3 mi. S of Yautepec; [18.78° N, 99.06° W]; elev. 914 m; 16 Aug. 1962; Ordway and Naumann leg.; SEMC • 1 ♀; Cuernavaca; [18.92° N, 99.22° W]; Feb. 1945; N.L.H. Krauss leg.; USNM. – Nayarit • 1 ♀; San Blas area; 22.8667° N, 105.1° W; 16–21 Mar. 1983; W.J. Hanson leg.; BBSL1101035 • 1 ♂; San Blas, La Bajada; 21.5166° N, 105.2195° W; 20–21 Mar. 1983; W.J. Hanson leg.; BBSL1101024. – Puebla • 1 ♀; 3 mi. NW of Petlalcingo; [18.1° N, 97.97° W]; 3 Apr. 1962; F.D. Parker leg.; UCDC. – San Luis Potosi • 1 ♀; 17 mi. E of Ciudad del Maíz; [22.38° N, 99.36° W]; elev. 975 m; 23 Jul. 1962; University of Kansas Mexico Expedition leg.; SEMC • 1 ♀; 5 mi. E of Ciudad del Maíz; [22.4° N, 99.53° W]; elev. 1433 m; 22 Aug. 1954; University of Kansas Mexico Expedition leg.; SEMC • 2 ♀♀; ibid.; 22 Aug. 1954; SEMC • 2 ♀♀; ibid.; 22–23 Aug. 1954; SEMC • 1 ♀; Xilitla; [21.38° N, 98.99° W]; elev. 442 m; 23 Jul. 1954; SEMC. – Sinaloa • 3 ♂♂; Sierra “Surutata” [Surutato], Cañon de “Tarahumares” [Tarahumaras], El Alamo; [25.82° N, 107.75° W]; 4 Mar. 1971; D.E. Breedlove leg.; ex Lopezia ciliatula; CAS CASENT 8416781, CASENT 8416782, CASENT 8416783. – Sonora • 1 ♂; 18 km E of Alamos, Rancho E. Guyabo, Barranca de Caja; 27.0127° N, 108.7752° W; elev. 370 m; 1–4 Apr. 2008; M.E. Irwin, F.D. Parker leg.; BBSL FDP747628 • 1 ♀; 30 km east of Agua Prieta; 31.33168° N, 109.25817° W; 5 May 2001; R. L. Minckley leg.; RLM SBV011946 • 2 ♀♀; Alamos; [27.03° N, 108.94° W]; 3 Sep. 1991; T. Griswold leg.; BBSL849293, BBSL849295 • 3 ♀♀; El Chalate, 3.7 km ENE of Rancho Los Llanos, 47 km ENE of Alamos; 27.0817° N, 108.7567° W; elev. 700 m; 1–10 Oct. 2006; M.E. Irwin leg.; BBSL FDP88440, FDP88445, FDP88469 • 1 ♂; ibid.; 1–10 Oct. 2006; M.E. Irwin leg.; BBSL FDP88505 • 4 ♀♀; Rancho El Cajón, 40 km E of Alamos; 27.05° N, 108.7318° W; elev. 420 m; 1–11 Oct. 2006; M.E. Irwin leg.; BBSL FDP746162, FDP746355, FDP746397, FDP746558 • 5 ♂♂; ibid.; 1–11 Oct. 2006; M.E. Irwin leg.; BBSL FDP745913, FDP746263, FDP746588, FDP746589, FDP746669 • 1 ♀; Rancho La Lajas, 44 km E of Alamos; 27.0572° N, 108.7133° W; elev. 555 m; 26 Sep.–11 Oct. 2006; M.E. Irwin leg.; BBSL FDP755132 • 1 ♀; Rancho Los Encinitas, 42 km ENE of Alamos; 27.06216° N, 108.74083° W; elev. 480 m; 1–10 Oct. 2006; M.E. Irwin leg.; BBSL FDP749879 • 1 ♀; Rancho Los Encinitas, 42 km ENE of Alamos; 27.0622° N, 108.7408° W; elev. 480 m; 1–9 Oct. 2006; M.E. Irwin leg.; BBSL FDP746840 • 1 ♀; Rancho Palo Injerto, 40 km E of Alamos; 27.042° N, 108.7337° W; elev. 425 m; 30 Sep. 2006; M.E. Irwin leg.; BBSL FDP748502 • 1 ♀; Rancho Santa Bárbara, 30 km NE of Alamos; 27.12° N, 108.72166° W; elev. 1334 m; 2Apr. 2008; M.E. Irwin, F.D. Parker leg.; BBSL FDP749614 • 1 ♀; Rancho Santa Bárbara, 57 km NE of Alamos; 27.1095° N, 108.7418° W; elev. 1410 m; 2–6 Oct. 2006; M.E. Irwin leg.; BBSL FDP747268 • 1 ♂; Rancho Santa Bárbara, 57 km NE of Alamos; 27.1127° N, 108.7388° W; elev. 1380 m; 5 Oct. 2006; M.E. Irwin leg.; BBSL FDP86569 • 2 ♀♀; Rancho Santa Bárbara, 57 km NE of Alamos; 27.1095° N, 108.7418° W; elev. 1410 m; 6–9 Oct. 2006; M.E. Irwin leg.; BBSL FDP747222, FDP747241 • 1 ♀; Rancho Santa Bárbara, 59 km NE of Alamos; 27.1195° N, 108.7223° W; elev. 1355 m; 3 Oct. 2006; M.E. Irwin leg.; BBSL FDP746995. – Tamaulipas • 1 ♀; “Lleva” [Llera], Rio Guayalejo; [23.32° N, 99.03° W]; 27 Mar. 2001; M.J. Sharkey leg.; PCYU • 1 ♀; 6.6 mi. W of Antiguo Morelos; [22.55° N, 99.19° W]; elev. 427 m; 3 Sep. 1962; Ordway and Naumann leg.; SEMC • 1 ♀; 8 mi. NW of Nuevo Morelos; [22.62° N, 99.31° W]; 22 Jul. 1962; ex Kallstroemia; SEMC • 1 ♂; Altas Cumbres, 12 mi. SW of Ciudad Victoria; [23.6° N, 99.2° W]; 4 Jul. 1986; Schaffner, Kovarik leg.; TAMU-ENTO X1416868 • 1 ♂; west of Gómez Farias; [23.03° N, 99.16° W]; 15 Nov. 1985; Kovarik, Jones, Haack leg.; TAMU-ENTO X1421045. – Veracruz • 1 ♀; Orizaba; [18.85° N, 97.1° W]; Crawford leg.; USNM. – Unknown • 1 ♀; Jalapa [exact location unknown]; Crawford leg.; USNM.
UNITED STATES – Arizona • 1 ♀; Cochise Co., 3 mi. SW of Portal along Cave Creek; 31.8869° N, 109.1736° W; elev. 1550 m; 25–30 Jun. 1987; SEMC1590744 • 1 ♂; ibid.; 25–30 Jun. 1987; SEMC1590739 • 2 ♀♀; ibid.; 30 Jun.–15 Jul. 1987; SEMC1590807, SEMC1590820 • 1 ♀; ibid.; 15–19 Jul. 1987; SEMC1590885 • 1 ♂; Cochise Co., 3.2 km SW of Portal; [31.89° N, 109.17° W]; 12 Jul. 1987; Bryan N. Danforth leg.; ex Asclepias; SEMC • 1 ♀; Cochise Co., Bisbee, 1429 Franklin Street; 31.4066° N, 109.9327° W; elev. 1585 m; 22 Aug.–1 Sep. 2013; A.S. Menke leg.; BBSL FDP152690 • 1 ♀; Cochise Co., Rosewood; 31.36732° N, 109.1432° W; 20 Mar. 2014; W. Radke leg.; RLM SBV086684 • 1 ♀; Cochise Co., Southwestern Research Station, 5 mi. W of Portal; 31.8839° N, 109.206° W; 2 Sep. 2005; A. Kawakita leg.; AMNH • 1 ♀; Gila Co., 21 km S of Globe; 33.2353° N, 110.782° W; elev. 1480 m; 20–25 May 2013; M.E. Irwin leg.; BBSL FDP152196 • 1 ♀; Graham Co., Coronado National Forest, 20–30 mi. SW of Safford, Mount Graham Road; 32.6222° N, 109.8242° W; elev. 2592 m; 17 Aug. 2001; R. W. Brooks leg.; ex Geranium caespitosum; SEMC SM0273670 • 1 ♀; Pima Co., Catalina Mountains, junction of Oracle and Catalina Highway; [32.45° N, 110.77° W]; elev. 2600 m; 28 Aug. 1997; Robert L. Minckley leg.; SEMC SM0475669 • 1 ♂; Pima Co., Mount Lemmon Trail, Coronado National Forest; 32.4406° N, 110.7856° W; elev. 2135–2500 m; 15 Aug. 2001; R. W. Brooks leg.; ex Erigeron oreophilus; SEMC SM0274290 • 1 ♀; Pima Co., Oracle Ridge Trail, Coronado National Forest, 26–30 mi. N of Tucson; 32.4536° N, 110.7672° W; elev. 2348 m; 16 Aug. 2001; R. W. Brooks leg.; ex Scrophularia parviflora; SEMC SM0273644 • 1 ♀; Pima Co., Red Ridge Trail, Coronado National Forest, 26–30 mi. N of Tucson; 32.4533° N, 110.7672° W; elev. 2372–2378 m; 16 Aug. 2001; R. W. Brooks leg.; ex Erigeron oreophilus; SEMC SM0273457 • 1 ♀; Pima Co., Santa Catalina Mountains, “Summertown” [Summerhaven]; [32.44° N, 110.76° W]; elev. 2438 m; 1 Aug. 1992; L. Packer leg.; PCYU • 1 ♀; Santa Cruz Co., Mount Washington at Route 61; 31.4195° N, 110.7117° W; elev. 1609 m; 2–7 May 2004; F.D. Parker, M.E. Irwin leg.; BBSL584956 • 1 ♂; ibid.; 2–7 May 2004; F.D. Parker, M.E. Irwin leg.; BBSL584955 • 1 ♀; Santa Cruz Co., Santa Rita Mountains, Super Trail from Madera Canyon; 31.7053° N, 110.8633° W; elev. 1800 m; 30 Aug. 2000; R. W. Brooks leg.; SEMC SM0196629 • 1 ♂; 38 mi. NE of Globe; [33.78° N, 110.32° W]; 16 Jun. 1950; L.D. Beamer leg.; SEMC • 1 ♂; 4 mi. S of Jerome; [34.69° N, 112.12° W]; 7 Jul. 1952; R.H. Beamer, L.D. Beamer, Cheng Liang, W.E. LaBerge leg.; SEMC • 1 ♂; Chiricahua Mountains; [31.8° N, 109.3° W]; 4 Jul. 1940; R. H. Beamer leg.; SEMC • 1 ♂; Graham Mountains; [32.7° N, 109.9° W]; elev. 1829–2134 m; 8 Jul. 1955; Butler, Werner leg.; ex Ceanothus; UAIC • 1 ♀; ibid.; 9 Aug. 1955; Butler leg.; ex Salvia?; UAIC • 1 ♀; Granite Dells; [34.61° N, 112.41° W]; 5 Jul. 1950; Jerome G. Rozen leg.; ex Nolina microcarpa; SEMC • 1 ♂; Green Spring, Mount Lemmon; [32.451° N, 110.747° W]; elev. 2195 m; 13 Aug. 1978; F. Werner, M. Hetz leg.; UAIC • 1 ♀; Huachuca; [31.5° N, 110.4° W]; 1937; W. Benedict leg.; SEMC • 1 ♀; Madera Canyon, Santa Rita Mountains; [31.74° N, 110.89° W]; 23 Sep. 1956; F.G. Werner leg.; ex “ Aplopappus gracilis ” and Eriogonum sp.; UAIC • 1 ♀; Montezuma Canyon, Huachuca Mountains; [31.34° N, 110.24° W]; elev. 1524 m; 16 May 1961; R. H. and E.M. Painter leg.; UAIC • 1 ♂; Oak Creek Canyon; [34.91° N, 111.73° W]; 6 Jul. 1952; R.H. Beamer, L.D. Beamer, Cheng Liang, W.E. LaBerge leg.; SEMC • 1 ♀; ibid.; 6 Jul. 1952; R.H. Beamer, L.D. Beamer, W.E. LaBerge, A. Wolf, Cheng Liang, C. Weiner leg.; SEMC • 1 ♂; ibid.; 31 Jul. 1952; R. H. Beamer leg.; SEMC • 1 ♀; Salt River Canyon; [33.7° N, 110.8° W]; 16 Jun. 1950; R. H. Beamer leg.; SEMC • 8 ♂♂; ibid.; 16 Jun. 1950; R. H. Beamer leg.; SEMC • 1 ♂; Santa Catalina Mountains; [32.4° N, 110.7° W]; 15 Jul. 1950; L.D. Beamer leg.; SEMC • 1 ♂; ibid.; 16 Jul. 1950; L.D. Beamer leg.; SEMC • 1 ♂; Wet Canyon, Graham Mountains; [32.65° N, 109.81° W]; 8 Jul. 1955; Butler, Werner leg.; UAIC • 1 ♂; White Mountains; [33.9° N, 109.6° W]; 19 Jun. 1950; L.D. Beamer leg.; SEMC • 1 ♂; ibid.; 19 Jun. 1950; L.D. Beamer leg.; ex Penstemon superbus; SEMC • 1 ♀; ibid.; 19 Jun. 1950; R. H. Beamer leg.; ex Amorpha fruticosa; SEMC • 2 ♂♂; ibid.; 19 Jun. 1950; R. H. Beamer leg.; ex Amorpha fruticosa; SEMC • 1 ♂; Whiteriver; [33.84° N, 109.96° W]; 19 Jun. 1950; L.D. Beamer leg.; SEMC. – New Mexico • 2 ♀♀; Catron Co., Mogollon Mountains; [33.5° N, 108.6° W]; 29 Aug. 1951; E.L. Kessel leg.; CAS CASENT 8416797, CASENT 8416798 • 1 ♂; ibid.; 29 Aug. 1951; E.L. Kessel leg.; CAS CASENT 8416768 • 1 ♀; Catron Co., Pueblo Camping Area, W. Highway 180; 33.5942° N, 108.9611° W; elev. 1951 m; 25 May 2000; D.E. Baumgardner leg.; TAMU-ENTO X1497788 • 1 ♀; Chaves Co., 6 mi. SE of Piñon; [32.56° N, 105.47° W]; 12 Aug. 1982; J.C. Schaffner leg.; TAMU-ENTO X1396223 • 4 ♀♀; Cibola Co., 18 mi. S of Grants, El Malpais National Conservation Area; [34.89° N, 107.88° W]; elev. 2164 m; 8 Aug. 1997; J.C. Schaffner leg.; TAMU-ENTO X1315312, X1316378, X1409486, X1422789 • 1 ♀; Grant Co., 0.5 km NE of McMillan Campground; 32.9274° N, 108.2111° W; 2 Sep. 2010; T. L. Griswold leg.; BBSL843365 • 1 ♂; 0.3 km S of Oak Spring; 32.1771° N, 104.4483° W; elev. 1359 m; 9 Jun. 2011; J.D. Herndon leg.; BBSL CAVE40602. – Texas • 1 ♂; Culberson Co., McKittrick Canyon; [31.984° N, 104.76° W]; elev. 1539 m; 14 May 1989; T. Griswold leg.; BBSL239906.
Description
Female
COLOURATION. Head and mesosoma blue-green to olive green; clypeus apex black; labrum black; mandible dark red with black basal spot and apex; flagellum black. Pronotal lobe black; legs black with tarsi dark reddish brown; tegula black to brown; wing membrane hyaline, veins with subcosta dark brown, otherwise lighter brown. Metasoma black with rims of terga and sterna narrowly translucent brown.
PUBESCENCE. Body pile colour white to pale yellow. Tomentum dense on pronotal collar and lobe and space between pronotal lobe and tegula; sparse on metepisternum, T2–T3 basolaterally, and T4 throughout. Mesoscutum pubescence thin to moderately plumose. Wing setae dark, short and dense. Acarinarial fan complete, sparse. T2 fringes sparse, T3 fringes sparse.
SURFACE SCULPTURE. Clypeus shiny, with punctures dense in basal half (IS ≤ 1 PD), large and irregularly sparse apically (IS <2 PD); supraclypeal area imbricate, with punctures dense marginally (IS ≤ 1 PD), sparser medially (IS = 1–2 PD); paraocular area imbricate, with punctures dense (IS <1 PD), sparser around antenna socket (IS ≤ 1 PD); frons reticulate, with punctures crowded (IS = 0 PD); vertex shiny, with punctures dense laterally (IS <1 PD), fine and moderately sparse medially (IS = 1–2 PD); gena shiny, becoming lineolate posteriorly, with punctures absent; postgena shiny, becoming imbricate posteriorly. Tegula punctures fine, sparse (IS = 1–4 PD); mesoscutum tessellate, with punctures dense (IS <1 PD), becoming sparse anteromedially (IS = 1–3 PD); scutellum tessellate, becoming shiny submedially, with punctures dense marginally (IS <1 PD), moderately sparse submedially (IS = 1–2 PD); metapostnotum shiny, becoming weakly tessellate posteriorly, with rugae strong, subparallel, reaching posterior margin; preëpisternum imbricate with crowded punctures (IS = 0 PD), becoming sparser and obscure ventrally (IS = 1–2 PD); hypoepimeron imbricate, with punctures dense (IS <1 PD); mesepisternum imbricate, with punctures dense (IS <1 PD), becoming moderately dense marginally (IS = 1–2 PD); metepisternum weakly rugulose; propodeum lateral surface weakly tessellate, posterior surface shiny. T1 anterior slope shiny, disc shiny, with punctures moderately dense (IS = 1–2 PD), absent in large subapicolateral boss; T2 disc shiny, with punctures moderately dense (IS = 1–2 PD), apical rim weakly coriarious, with punctures moderately sparse (IS = 1–3 PD).
STRUCTURE. Face length/width ratio 0.81 (± 0.01 SD); clypeus apicolateral denticles low rounded knobs; gena/eye width ratio 0.91 (±0.09 SD). Pronotal angle slightly obtuse, nearly right-angled; intertegular span 0.97 (± 0.07 SD) mm; mesoscutum length/width ratio 0.87 (± 0.04 SD); mesoscutum/scutellum length ratio 2.89 (± 0.18 SD); scutellum/metanotum length ratio 1.8 (± 0.13 SD); metanotum/metapostnotum length ratio 0.71 (± 0.04 SD); forewing with 3 submarginal cells; tegula slightly enlarged, nearly reaching posterior margin of mesoscutum; inner margin straight; tegula length 0.4 (±0.01 SD) mm, width 0.23 (± 0.01 SD) mm; propodeum lateral carinae not reaching dorsal margin; oblique carina weak, straight. T2 depressed apical rim less than 50% of tergum. (n = 10)
VARIATION. The tegula punctures can vary from very sparse (IS = 1–4 PD) to dense (IS ≤ 1 PD), the mesepisternum punctures can vary from moderately sparse (IS = 1–2 PD) to dense (IS <1 PD), and the T1–T3 apical rims can rarely be indistinctly punctate.
Male
COLOURATION. Head and mesosoma blue-green; clypeus apex black; labrum black; mandible orange with black base and red apex; flagellum black dorsally, brown ventrally. Pronotal lobe black; legs black to dark reddish brown; tegula dark brown; wing membrane lightly infuscated, veins with subcosta black, otherwise dark brown. Metasoma black with apical rims of terga narrowly translucent brown, apical rims of sterna and downcurved lateral areas of terga more broadly translucent brown.
PUBESCENCE. Body pile colour white. Tomentum dense on lower paraocular area, pronotal angle and lobe, and space between pronotal lobe and tegula; sparse on clypeus, supraclypeal area, and gena. Mesoscutum pubescence simple to moderately plumose. Wing setae dark, short and dense. Sterna pubescence short (0.5–1.5 OD), densely plumose, sparse on S2–3, dense on S4–5.
SURFACE SCULPTURE. Clypeus shiny, with punctures dense (IS ≤ 1 PD); supraclypeal area imbricate, with punctures dense (IS ≤ 1 PD); paraocular area shiny, with punctures dense (IS <1 PD); frons reticulate, with punctures crowded (IS = 0 PD); vertex shiny, with punctures dense (IS <1 PD); gena shiny, with punctures dense (IS ≤ 1 PD); postgena shiny to lineate. Tegula punctures dense (IS <1 PD), becoming moderately dense medially (IS = 1–2 PD); mesoscutum shiny, becoming tessellate anteromedially, with punctures moderately sparse (IS = 1–2 PD), becoming dense on lateral and posterior margins (IS <1 PD); scutellum shiny to weakly tessellate, with punctures sparse (IS = 1–3 PD), diversopunctate, becoming dense marginally and on median line; metanotum weakly rugulose; metapostnotum shiny, with rugae strong, subparallel, nearly reaching posterior margin; preëpisternum areolate; hypoepimeron shiny, with punctures dense (IS <1 PD); mesepisternum shiny, with punctures dense (IS <1 PD); metepisternum areolate, becoming smooth dorsally; propodeum lateral surface tessellate, with punctures crowded (IS = 0 PD), posterior surface shiny and densely punctate (IS <1 PD). T1 anterior slope shiny, disc shiny, with punctures dense (IS ≤ 1 PD), becoming sparse in large subapicolateral boss (IS = 2–4 PD); T2 disc shiny, with punctures dense (IS ≤ 1 PD), apical rim shiny, with punctures dense (IS ≤ 1 PD).
STRUCTURE. Face length/width ratio 0.86 (±0.02 SD); gena/eye width ratio 0.74 (± 0.08 SD). Pronotal angle obtuse; intertegular span 0.86 (± 0.09 SD) mm; mesoscutum length/width ratio 0.87 (± 0.02 SD); mesoscutum/scutellum length ratio 2.75 (± 0.15 SD); scutellum/metanotum length ratio 1.83 (±0.19 SD); metanotum/metapostnotum length ratio 0.73 (± 0.07 SD); forewing with 3 submarginal cells; tegula enlarged, nearly reaching posterior margin of mesoscutum in dorsal view; inner posterior margin weakly concave; tegula length 0.37 (± 0.04 SD) mm, width 0.2 (± 0.02 SD) mm; propodeum lateral carinae not reaching dorsal margin; oblique carina absent. (n = 10)
GENITALIA. As in Fig. 76H. Gonocoxite about 2 times as broad as gonostylus. Gonostylus very long, about 2 times as long as broad, and strongly concave on outer margin, with sparse long setae dorsally and on apical half of inner margin and short setae apically. Penis valves parallel, with sparse short setae laterally. Retrorse lobe rounded, about 2.7 times as long as broad, with sparse short setae in apical half.
VARIATION. The tegula punctures can vary from dense (IS ≤1 PD) and distinct to virtually impunctate, the mesoscutum can vary from mostly shiny to entirely tessellate, the scutellum punctures can vary from dense (IS <1 PD) to sparse (IS = 1–3 PD), the metapostnotal rugae can vary from strong and nearly reaching the posterior margin to shallow and barely reaching halfway, and the apical rims of T1–T3 can be partially impunctate (but always with some punctures near the premarginal line). Most of this atypical variation was seen in a single, unusually small individual.
Range
Mountains of Texas, New Mexico, Arizona, and throughout Mexico (Fig. 35).
Floral hosts
APOCYNACEAE: Asclepias • ASPARAGACEAE: Nolina Michx.: N. microcarpa S.Watson • ASTERACEAE: Bidens L. • Erigeron: E. oreophilus Greenm. • FABACEAE: Amorpha L.: A. fruticosa L. • GERANIACEAE Juss.: Geranium L.: G. caespitosum E.James • ONAGRACEAE Juss.: Lopezia Cav.: L. ciliatula Plitmann, P.H. Raven & Breedlove [ambiguous] • PLANTAGINACEAE: Penstemon: P. superbus A.Nelson • RHAMNACEAE Juss.: Ceanothus L. • SCROPHULARIACEAE: Scrophularia L.: S. parviflora Wooton & Standl. • ZYGOPHYLLACEAE: Kallstroemia Scop.
DNA barcodes
Four confirmed sequences available (BOLD process IDs: BBLEG165-17, DLII1145-08, DLIII126-18, DLIII207-20). There is a moderate amount of divergence within these sequences (1.07% maximum intraspecific p-distance). They are closest in terms of p-distance to L. deludens sp. nov. (2.01% minimum interspecific p-distance). No fixed nucleotide substitutions distinguish L. holzenthali sp. nov. from all other species of the L. gemmatum complex, but four fixed nucleotide substitutions distinguish it from the closely related L. perparvum and all known related, undescribed Neotropical species: 120(C), 315(A), 477(T), and 499(C) (Supp. file 2).
Comments
Uncommon. Lasioglossum holzenthali sp. nov. is regularly collected at high elevations in Mexico and the southern United States, but rarely in large numbers.
description: Published as part of Gardner, Joel & Gibbs, Jason, 2023, Revision of the Nearctic species of the Lasioglossum (Dialictus) gemmatum species complex (Hymenoptera: Halictidae), pp. 1-222 in European Journal of Taxonomy 858 (1) on pages 100-108, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2023.858.2041, http://zenodo.org/record/7629347