Anyphaena epicardia Rivera-Quiroz & Álvarez-Padilla 2023, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Rivera-Quiroz, F. Andrés
name: Álvarez-Padilla, Fernando
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Araneae
Anyphaenidae
Anyphaena
Anyphaena epicardia

description: Anyphaena epicardia sp. nov.
urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: D75F5ABC-6E2F-4EA7-8594-45670D3F3632
Figs 22–24, 52
Differential diagnosis
Females from Anyphaena epicardia sp. nov. can be differentiated from those of all other American species of the pectorosa and pacifica groups by the heart-shaped atrium of the epigynum (Fig. 23E–F), and from those of A. dulceae sp. nov. by the straight copulatory ducts (Fig. 24G–H). Males of this species resemble those of A. fraterna (Platnick 1974: figs 52, 56, 60) and A. simoni Becker, 1878 (Brescovit & Lise 1989: figs 1–9) by their elongated ventral tegular projection, but differ from both species by the presence of an apical translucent curved lamella (Figs 23A–D, 24A–D (arrows)), a broader median apophysis in ventral view (Figs 23A, 24A), an acute spine on the ventral corner of the trapezoidal RTA posterior branch (Figs 23D, 24D) and the coxa III tubercle bifurcated (Figs 22F, 24E–F), this last feature more similar to A. simoni than A. fraterna.
Etymology
The species epithet is a combination from the Spanish words epigino and cardia, referring to the heart-shaped epigynum atrium, a diagnostic feature of this species.
Material examined
Holotype MEXICO • ♀; Veracruz, Calcahualco, Atotonilco, Plot I; 19.12569° N, 97.06756° W; alt. 2300 m; 21– 30 May 2012; Aracnolab team leg.; oak and tropical wet forest fragment; LUP; CNAN-T01525.
Allotype MEXICO • ♂; same collection data as for holotype; 15–24 Feb. 2013; CNAN-T01514.
Paratypes MEXICO • 1 ♀; same collection data as for holotype; AR_073; GenBank ON619623; CNAN-T01557 • 1 ♂; same collection data as for preceding; Atotonilco, Plot II; 19.29483° N, 97.2045° W; alt. 2388 m; 21–30 May 2012; Arcanolab team leg.; oak and pine forest fragment; BEAT; AR_069; GenBank: ON619619; CNAN-T01556.
Additional material
MEXICO • 2 ♂♂; same collection data as for holotype; 15–24 Feb. 2013; BEAT • 7 ♂♂; same collection data as for preceding; LUP • 1 ♂; same collection data as for preceding; PF • 1 ♂; same collection data as for preceding; 21–30 May 2012; BEAT; AR_72; GenBank: ON619622 • 1 ♂; same collection data as for preceding; CRP; AR_071; GenBank: ON619621 • 1 ♀; same collection data as for preceding; ANYM002 • 1 ♀, 8 ♂♂; same collection data as for preceding; LUP • 3 ♂♂; same collection data as for preceding; ANYM006 • 1 ♂; same collection data as for preceding; PF • 1 ♂; same collection data as for preceding; 4–14 Oct. 2012; BEAT • 4 ♂♂; same collection data as for preceding; Atotonilco, Plot II; 19.29483° N, 97.2045° W; alt. 2388 m; 15–24 Feb. 2013; Aracnolab team leg.; oak forest fragment; BEAT • 1 ♂; same collection data as for preceding; BERL; ANYM005 • 1 ♂; same collection data as for preceding; CRP • 1 ♂; same collection data as for preceding; LUP • 7 ♂♂; same collection data as for preceding; 21–30 May 2012; BEAT • 1 ♀; same collection data as for preceding; ANYM003 • 1 ♀, 2 ♂♂; same collection data as for preceding; LUP • 1 ♀; same collection data as for preceding; AR_076; GenBank: ON619624 • 1 ♂; same collection data as for preceding; AR_70; GenBank: ON619620 • 1 ♀; same collection data as for preceding; ANYM001 • 1 ♀; same collection data as for preceding; 4–14 Oct. 2012; BEAT; ANYM004.
Description
Female
Total length 9.6. Carapace dark yellow, hirsute, with darker bands over cephalic, thoracic area and clypeus (Fig. 22A, D). Sternum yellow, slightly darker at margins, intercoxal triangles present on all legs. Labium brown, white at tip, longer than wide. Endites brown, rectangular, slightly broader at tip. Chelicerae dark brown (Fig. 22C–D), promargin with four teeth, retromargin with eight to nine denticles. Abdomen dorsum white, hirsute, with few scattered light brown patches around edges, lateral sides and center, ventral surface with diffuse longitudinal line between tracheal spiracle and spinnerets, tracheal spiracle in center of abdomen (Fig. 22A–C). Leg coloration: dark yellow with brown patches at distal end of femora, patella and tibia. Metatarsus and tarsus brown. Epigynum hood absent, lateral border sinuous. Copulatory openings on anterior internal margin of heart-shaped atrium. Copulatory ducts parallel. Seminal receptacles cylindrical, projected dorsally and located at junction between spermathecae and copulatory duct entrance (Figs 23E–F, 24G–H). Copulatory and fertilization ducts attached to posterior margin of spermathecae. Fertilization ducts short and slightly curved (Fig. 24G– H). Cephalothorax length 3.27, thoracic width 2.44, cephalic width 1.35. Clypeus height 0.11. Eye diameters: AME 0.11, ALE 0.15, PME 0.15, PLE 0.15. Eye interdistances: AME–AME 0.06, AME– ALE 0.05, ALE–PLE 0.07, PME–PME 0.16, PME–PLE 0.11. Femur lengths: I 3.56, II 3.27, III 2.49, IV 3.41. Leg spination: femur I d1-1-1, p0-1-2, r0-1-1. Tibia I v2-2-0, p1-1-1, r1-1-1. Metatarsus I v2-2-0, p1-1-1, r1-1-1. Femur II d1-1-1, p0-1-1, r0-1-1. Tibia II v2-2-0. p1-1-1, r1-1-1. Metatarsus II v2-2-0, p1-1-1, r1-1-1. Femur III d1-1-1, p0-1-1, r0-1-1. Tibia III v2-2-2, p0-1-1, r1-1-1. Metatarsus III v2-2-2, p1-1-2, r1-1-2. Femur IV d1-1-1, p0-0-1, r0-0-1. Tibia IV v2-2-2, p1-1-1, r1-1-1. Metatarsus IV v2-2-2, p1-1-2, r1-1-2.
Male
Total length 7.8. Cephalothorax coloration as in female except dark yellow chelicerae and endites (Fig. 22E). Coxa II tubercle roughly triangular, coxa IV spur base broad (Figs 22F, 24E–F). Abdomen yellow with darker patches covering dorsal surface and lateral sides, ventral surface with longitudinal line between tracheal spiracle and spinnerets. Pedipalp ventral tegular projection in prolateral view with distal translucent keel (Figs 23B, 24B), Embolus filiform and translucent (Fig. 24A). RTA anterior branch semicircular with sclerotized edge and translucent center, RTA posterior branch cuticle as in tibia, more sclerotized and roughly rectangular (Figs 23A, C–D, 24A, C–D). Prolateral apophysis small and cone-shaped (Figs 23B, 24B). Pedipalp tibia slightly longer than wide. Median tibial apophysis ventral branch displaced towards proximal border of tibia (Figs 23A, D, 24A, D). Cephalothorax length 3.37, thoracic width 2.73, cephalic width 1.10. Clypeus height 0.15. Eye diameters: AME 0.11, ALE 0.13, PME 0.09, PLE 0.15. Eye interdistances: AME–AME 0.05, AME–ALE 0.04, ALE–PLE 0.06, PME–PME 0.15, PME–PLE 0.11. Femur lengths: I 4.20, II 3.76, III 2.98, IV 3.95. Leg spination as in female except: femur II p0-1-2, r0-2-2. Femur IV p0-1-1.
Variation
Females (N=9): total length 9.1 (± 0.82), cephalothorax length 3.26 (± 0.15), thoracic width 2.6 (± 0.15), cephalic width 1.37 (± 0.07), femur I 3.63 (± 0.14). Males (N=10): total length 7.66 (± 0.43), cephalothorax length 3.38 (±0.23), width 2.79 (± 0.19), cephalic width 1.21 (± 0.09), femur I 4.20 (± 0.28).
Distribution
This species is found in oak and oak-pine forests around Pico de Orizaba Volcano National Park (Fig. 52).
Natural history
Most specimens were collected over vegetation by direct searching or with a beating tray; some male specimens were caught in PF traps and Berlsese funnels. This species is present year-round.
description: Published as part of Rivera-Quiroz, F. Andrés & Álvarez-Padilla, Fernando, 2023, Integration or minimalism: twenty-one new species of ghost spiders (Anyphaenidae: Anyphaena) from Mexico, pp. 1-94 in European Journal of Taxonomy 865 on pages 38-42, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2023.865.2097, http://zenodo.org/record/7867448