cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Skyrmionic Spin Structures in Layered Fe5GeTe2 Up To Room Temperature
Creators: name: Schmitt, Maurice
name: Denneulin, Thibaud
name: Kovács, András
name: Saunderson, Tom G.
name: Rüßmann, Philipp
name: Shahee, Aga
name: Scholz, Tanja
name: Tavabi, Amir
name: Gradhand, Martin
name: Mavropoulos, Phivos
name: Lotsch, Bettina
name: Dunin-Borkowski, Rafal
name: Mokrousov, Yuriy
name: Blügel, Stefan
name: Kläui, Mathias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The role of the crystal lattice, temperature and magnetic field for the spin structure formation in the 2D van der Waals magnet Fe5GeTe2 is a key open question. Using Lorentz transmission electron microscopy, we experimentally observe topological spin structures up to room temperature in the metastable pre-cooling and stable post-cooling phase of Fe5GeTe2. Over wide temperature and field ranges, skyrmionic magnetic bubbles form without preferred chirality, which is indicative of a centrosymmetric crystal structure. In the pre-cooling phase, these bubbles are observable even without the application of an external field, while in the post-cooling phase, a transformation from bubble domains to stripe domains is seen. To understand the magnetic order in Fe5GeTe2 we compare macroscopic magnetometry characterization results with microscopic density functional theory calculation. Our results show that even up to room temperature, topological spin structures can be stabilized in centrosymmetric van der Waals magnets.
description: 25 pages, 10 figures
Gaussian complex zeroes are not always normal: limit theorems on the disc
Creators: name: Buckley, Jeremiah
name: Nishry, Alon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Primary: 30B20, 60F05, 60G15. Secondary: 60G55

description: We study the zeroes of a family of random holomorphic functions on the unit disc, distinguished by their invariance with respect to the hyperbolic geometry. Our main finding is a transition in the limiting behaviour of the number of zeroes in a large hyperbolic disc. We find a normal distribution if the covariance decays faster than a certain critical value. In contrast, in the regime of 'long-range dependence' when the covariance decays slowly, the limiting distribution is skewed. For a closely related model we emphasise a link with Gaussian multiplicative chaos.
description: 27 pages, 3 figures
All-optical fluorescence blinking control in quantum dots with ultrafast mid-infrared pulses
Creators: name: Shi, Jiaojian
name: Sun, Weiwei
name: Utzat, Hendrik
name: Farahvash, Ardavan
name: Gao, Frank Y.
name: Zhang, Zhuquan
name: Barotov, Ulugbek
name: Willard, Adam P.
name: Nelson, Keith A.
name: Bawendi, Moungi G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Photoluminescence (PL) intermittency is a ubiquitous phenomenon detrimentally reducing the temporal emission intensity stability of single colloidal quantum dots (CQDs) and the emission quantum yield of their ensembles. Despite efforts for blinking reduction via chemical engineering of the QD architecture and its environment, blinking still poses barriers to the application of QDs, particularly in single-particle tracking in biology or in single-photon sources. Here, we demonstrate the first deterministic all-optical suppression of quantum dot blinking using a compound technique of visible and mid-infrared (MIR) excitation. We show that moderate-field ultrafast MIR pulses (5.5 $μ$m, 150 fs) can switch the emission from a charged, low quantum yield 'grey' trion state to the 'bright' exciton state in CdSe/CdS core-shell quantum dots resulting in a significant reduction of the QD intensity flicker. Quantum-tunneling simulations suggest that the MIR fields remove the excess charge from trions with reduced emission quantum yield to restore higher brightness exciton emission. Our approach can be integrated with existing single-particle tracking or super-resolution microscopy techniques without any modification to the sample and translates to other emitters presenting charging-induced PL intermittencies, such as single-photon emissive defects in diamond and two-dimensional materials.
description: 35 pages, 5 figures
A state-wide implementation of a whole of hospital sepsis pathway with a mortality based cost-effectiveness analysis from a healthcare sector perspective
Creators: name: Brusco, Natasha
name: Sykes, Kelly
name: Cheng, Allen C
name: Radia-George, Camilla
name: Travis, Douglas
name: Sullivan, Natalie
name: Dinh, Tammy
name: Foster, Sarah
name: Thursky, Karin
name: Collaboration, Safer Care Victoria “Think sepsis. Act fast” Scaling
Publisher: name: La Trobe
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 380108
subject: Health economics
classificationCode: 420312
subject: Implementation science and evaluation

description: With global estimates of 15 million cases of sepsis annually, together with a 24% in-hospital mortality rate, this condition comes at a high cost to both the patient and to the health services delivering care. This translational research determined the cost-effectiveness of state-wide implementation of a whole of hospital Sepsis Pathway in reducing mortality and/or hospital admission costs from a healthcare sector perspective, and report the cost of implementation over 12-months. A non-randomised stepped wedge cluster implementation study design was used to implement an existing Sepsis Pathway ("Think sepsis. Act fast") across 10 of Victoria's public health services, comprising 23 hospitals, which provide hospital care to 63% of the State's population, or 15% of the Australian population. The pathway utilised a nurse led model with early warning and severity criteria, and actions to be initiated within 60 minutes of sepsis recognition. Pathway elements included oxygen administration; blood cultures (x2); venous blood lactate; fluid resuscitation; intravenous antibiotics, and increased monitoring. At baseline there were 876 participants (392 female (44.7%), mean 68.4 years); and during the intervention, there were 1,476 participants (684 female (46.3%), mean 66.8 years). Mortality significantly reduced from 11.4% (100/876) at baseline to 5.8% (85/1,476) during implementation (p>0.001). Respectively, at baseline and intervention the average length of stay was 9.1 (SD 10.3) and 6.2 (SD 7.9) days, and cost was $AUD22,107 (SD $26,937) and $14,203 (SD $17,611) per patient, with a significant 2.9 day reduction in length of stay (-2.9; 95%CI -3.7 to -2.2, p<0.01) and $7,904 reduction in cost (-$7,904; 95%CI -$9,707 to -$6,100, p<0.01). The Sepsis Pathway was a dominant cost-effective intervention due to reduced cost and reduced mortality. Cost of implementation was $1,845,230. In conclusion, a well-resourced state-wide Sepsis Pathway implementation initiative can save lives and dramatically reduce the health service cost per admission.
Reduction of cardiac AL amyloid deposition after complete response visualised by PiB-PET imaging
Creators: name: Oguchi, Kazuhiro
name: Katoh, Nagaaki
name: Mochizuki, Yusuke
name: Takahashi, Yusuke
name: Ueno, Akihiro
name: Takasone, Ken
name: Sekijima, Yoshiki
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Reduction of cardiac AL amyloid deposition after complete response visualised by PiB-PET imaging
Generalized Mathisson-Papapetrou-Tulczyjew-Dixon Equations
Creators: name: Ootsuka, Takayoshi
name: Yahagi, Ryoko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive two generalizations of Mathisson-Papapetrou-Tulczyjew-Dixon equations from Casalbuoni-Brink-Schwarz type pseudoclassical Lagrangians of Majorana spinors on a Riemann-Cartan spacetime. One has a "color" freedom, which makes the equations of motion also be a generalization of Wong equations. The other is a spinor model coupled with a Rarita-Schwinger field to preserve the supersymmetry. The coupling to the torsion is modified due to the existence of the Rarita-Schwinger field. In both extensions, the Tulczyjew condition is automatically satisfied.
description: 11 pages
The role of companionship, esteem, and informational support in explaining physical activity among young women in an online social network intervention
Creators: name: Brown, Jane D.
name: Cavallo, David N.
name: Zimmer, Catherine
name: Ammerman, Alice S.
name: DeVellis, Robert F.
name: Tate, Deborah F.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: The primary objective of the current study was to examine the relationship between social support and physical activity within the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) theoretical framework. This study used data from the Internet Support for Healthy Associations Promoting Exercise randomized controlled trial. A total of 134 female undergraduate students participated in the study, which included baseline and post measures of perceived social support for physical activity (esteem, informational, and companionship), TPB variables related to physical activity (perceived behavioral control, intention, and attitude), and physical activity behavior. Path analysis revealed a significant indirect relationship between change in companionship support and physical activity mediated by change in intention (.13, p<.01) and a significant direct relationship between change in esteem support and change in physical activity (.26, p=.03). The model explained 27% of the variance in physical activity and 59% of the variance in intention. Overall, change in social support exerted a small to medium amount of influence on change in physical activity in this modified TPB model when controlling for traditional model constructs. Encouraging companionship and esteem support should be considered as a strategy for increasing physical activity in this population.
Harmonic generation in bent graphene with artificially-enhanced spin-orbit coupling
Creators: name: Nieminen, Arttu
name: Ornigotti, Marco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We theoretically investigate the nonlinear response of bent graphene, in the presence of artificially-enhanced spin-orbit coupling, which can occur either via adatom deposition, or by placing the sheet of bent graphene in contact with a spin-orbit active substrate. We discuss the interplay between the spin-orbit coupling and the artificial magnetic field generated by the bending, for both the cases of Rashba and intrinsic spin-orbit coupling. For the latter, we introduce a spin-field interaction Hamiltonian addressing directly the electron spin as a degree of freedom. Our findings reveal that in this case, by controlling the amount of spin-orbit coupling, it is possible to significantly tune the spectrum of the nonlinear signal, achieving, in principle, efficient conversion of light from THz to UV region.
Associations of structural and functional social support with diabetes prevalence in U.S. Hispanics/Latinos: Results from the HCHS/SOL Sociocultural Ancillary Study
Creators: name: Daviglus, Martha L.
name: McCurley, Jessica L.
name: Gonzalez, Franklyn
name: Fortmann, Addie L.
name: Gallo, Linda C.
name: Carnethon, Mercedes R.
name: Penedo, Frank J.
name: Roesch, Scott C.
name: Schneiderman, Neil
name: Talavera, Gregory A.
name: Gouskova, Natalia
name: Isasi, Carmen R.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: Little research has examined associations of social support with diabetes (or other physical health outcomes) in Hispanics, who are at elevated risk.
Can behavioral theory inform the understanding of depression and medication nonadherence among HIV-positive substance users?
Creators: name: Daughters, Stacey B.
name: Lejuez, C. W.
name: Magidson, Jessica F.
name: Seitz-Brown, C. J.
name: Safren, Steven A.
name: Listhaus, Alyson
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: Medication adherence is highly predictive of health outcomes across chronic conditions, particularly HIV/AIDS. Depression is consistently associated with worse adherence, yet few studies have sought to understand how depression relates to adherence. This study tested three components of behavioral depression theory—goal-directed activation, positive reinforcement, and environmental punishment—as potential indirect effects in the relation between depressive symptoms and medication nonadherence among low-income, predominantly African American substance users (n = 83). Medication nonadherence was assessed as frequency of doses missed across common reasons for nonadherence. Non-parametric bootstrapping was used to evaluate the indirect effects. Of the three intermediary variables, there was only an indirect effect of environmental punishment; depressive symptoms were associated with greater nonadherence through greater environmental punishment. Goal-directed activation and positive reinforcement were unrelated to adherence. Findings suggest the importance of environmental punishment in the relation between depression and medication adherence and may inform future intervention efforts for this population.
Exponential growth of random determinants beyond invariance
Creators: name: Arous, Gérard Ben
name: Bourgade, Paul
name: McKenna, Benjamin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 60B20

description: We give simple criteria to identify the exponential order of magnitude of the absolute value of the determinant for wide classes of random matrix models, not requiring the assumption of invariance. These include Gaussian matrices with covariance profiles, Wigner matrices and covariance matrices with subexponential tails, Erdős-Rényi and $d$-regular graphs for any polynomial sparsity parameter, and non-mean-field random matrix models, such as random band matrices for any polynomial bandwidth. The proof builds on recent tools, including the theory of the Matrix Dyson Equation as developed in [Ajanki, Erdős, Krüger 2019]. We use these asymptotics as an important input to identify the complexity of classes of Gaussian random landscapes in our companion papers [Ben Arous, Bourgade, McKenna 2021; McKenna 2021].
description: Application of main result to Wigner matrices actually requires subexponential moments (but see new Appendix B for a related result under weaker assumptions). New results on $d$-regular random graphs. 48 pages
Subtyping of cardiac amyloidosis by mass spectrometry-based proteomics of endomyocardial biopsies
Creators: name: Noborn, Fredrik
name: Thomsen, Christer
name: Vorontsov, Egor
name: Bobbio, Emanuele
name: Sihlbom, Carina
name: Nilsson, Jonas
name: Polte, Christian L.
name: Bollano, Entela
name: Vukusic, Kristina
name: Sandstedt, Joakim
name: Dellgren, Göran
name: Karason, Kristjan
name: Oldfors, Anders
name: Larson, Göran
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Physiology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Developmental Biology

description: Cardiac amyloidosis is a severe condition leading to restrictive cardiomyopathy and heart failure. Mass spectrometry-based methods for cardiac amyloid subtyping have become important diagnostic tools but are currently used only in a few reference laboratories. Such methods include laser-capture microdissection to ensure the specific analysis of amyloid deposits. Here we introduce a direct proteomics-based method for subtyping of cardiac amyloidosis. Endomyocardial biopsies were retrospectively analysed from fresh frozen material of 78 patients with cardiac amyloidosis and from 12 biopsies of unused donor heart explants. Cryostat sections were digested with trypsin and analysed with liquid chromatography - mass spectrometry, and data were evaluated by proteomic software. With a diagnostic threshold set to 70% for each of the four most common amyloid proteins affecting the heart (LC κ, LC λ, TTR and SAA), 65 of the cases (87%) could be diagnosed, and of these, 61 cases (94%) were in concordance with the original diagnoses. The specimens were also analysed for the summed intensities of the amyloid signature proteins (ApoE, ApoA-IV and SAP). The intensities were significantly higher (p < 0.001) for all assigned cases compared with controls. Cardiac amyloidosis can be successfully subtyped without the prior enrichment of amyloid deposits with laser microdissection.
Controllable spin-orbit coupling and its influence on the upper critical field in the chemically doped quasi-one-dimensional Nb$_2$PdS$_5$ superconductor
Creators: name: Zhou, N.
name: Xu, Xiaofeng
name: Wang, J. R.
name: Yang, J. H.
name: Li, Y. K.
name: Guo, Y.
name: Yang, W. Z.
name: Niu, C. Q.
name: Chen, Bin
name: Cao, Chao
name: Dai, Jianhui
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: By systematic chemical substitution of Pt and Ni in the newly-discovered superconductor Nb$_2$PdS$_5$ ($T_c\sim$6 K), we study the evolution of its superconducting properties with doping, focussing on the behavior of the upper critical field $H_{c2}$. In contrast to the previous results of Se doping on S sites, superconductivity is found to be rather robust against the Pt and Ni dopants on the one-dimensional Pd chains. Most strikingly, the reduced $H_{c2}$, i.e., the ratio of $H_{c2}/T_c$, is seen to be significantly enhanced by the heavier Pt doping but suppressed in the Ni-doped counterparts, distinct from the nearly constant value in the Se doped samples. Our findings therefore suggest that the upper critical field of this system can be modified in a tunable fashion by chemical doping on the Pd chains with elements of varying mass numbers. The spin-orbit coupling on the Pd sites, by inference, should play an important role in the observed superconductivity and on the large upper critical field beyond the Pauli pair-breaking field.
description: 6 pages, 6 figures
The Upper Edge of the Neptune Desert Is Stable Against Photoevaporation
Creators: name: Vissapragada, Shreyas
name: Knutson, Heather A.
name: Greklek-McKeon, Michael
name: Oklopcic, Antonija
name: Dai, Fei
name: Santos, Leonardo A. dos
name: Jovanovic, Nemanja
name: Mawet, Dimitri
name: Millar-Blanchaer, Maxwell A.
name: Paragas, Kimberly
name: Spake, Jessica J.
name: Vasisht, Gautam
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Transit surveys indicate that there is a deficit of Neptune-sized planets on close-in orbits. If this ``Neptune desert' is entirely cleared out by atmospheric mass loss, then planets at its upper edge should only be marginally stable against photoevaporation, exhibiting strong outflow signatures in tracers like the metastable helium triplet. We test this hypothesis by carrying out a 12-night photometric survey of the metastable helium feature with Palomar/WIRC, targeting seven gas-giant planets orbiting K-type host stars. Eight nights of data are analyzed here for the first time along with reanalyses of four previously-published datasets. We strongly detect helium absorption signals for WASP-69b, HAT-P-18b, and HAT-P-26b; tentatively detect signals for WASP-52b and NGTS-5b; and do not detect signals for WASP-177b and WASP-80b. We interpret these measured excess absorption signals using grids of Parker wind models to derive mass-loss rates, which are in good agreement with predictions from the hydrodynamical outflow code ATES for all planets except WASP-52b and WASP-80b, where our data suggest that the outflows are much smaller than predicted. Excluding these two planets, the outflows for the rest of the sample are consistent with a mean energy-limited outflow efficiency of $\varepsilon = 0.41^{+0.16}_{-0.13}$. Even when we make the relatively conservative assumption that gas-giant planets experience energy-limited outflows at this efficiency for their entire lives, photoevaporation would still be too inefficient to carve the upper boundary of the Neptune desert. We conclude that this feature of the exoplanet population is a pristine tracer of giant planet formation and migration mechanisms.
description: 31 pages, 14 figures, accepted to AJ
Clogging, Diode and Collective Effects of Skyrmions in Funnel Geometries
Creators: name: Souza, J. C. Bellizotti
name: Vizarim, N. P.
name: Reichhardt, C. J. O.
name: Reichhardt, C.
name: Venegas, P. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using a particle-based model, we examine the collective dynamics of skyrmions interacting with a funnel potential under dc driving as the skyrmion density and relative strength of the Magnus and damping terms are varied. For driving in the easy direction, we find that increasing the skyrmion density reduces the average skyrmion velocity due to jamming of skyrmions near the funnel opening, while the Magnus force causes skyrmions to accumulate on one side of the funnel array. For driving in the hard direction, there is a critical skyrmion density below which the skyrmions become trapped. Above this critical value, a clogging effect appears with multiple depinning and repinning states where the skyrmions can rearrange into different clogged configurations, while at higher drives, the velocity-force curves become continuous. When skyrmions pile up near the funnel opening, the effective size of the opening is reduced and the passage of other skyrmions is blocked by the repulsive skyrmion-skyrmion interactions. We observe a strong diode effect in which the critical depinning force is higher and the velocity response is smaller for hard direction driving. As the ratio of Magnus force to dissipative term is varied, the skyrmion velocity varies in a non-linear and non-monotonic way due to the pile up of skyrmions on one side of the funnels. At high Magnus forces, the clogging effect for hard direction driving is diminished.
description: 16 pages, 14 figures
Glycemic control among U.S. Hispanics/Latinos with diabetes from the HCHS/SOL Sociocultural Ancillary Study: Do structural and functional social support play a role?
Creators: name: Schneiderman, Neil
name: Corsino, Leonor
name: Giachello, Aida
name: Daviglus, Martha L.
name: Gallo, Linda C.
name: Teng, Yanping
name: Penedo, Frank J.
name: Carnethon, Mercedes R.
name: Gonzalez, Franklyn
name: Isasi, Carmen R.
name: Fortmann, Addie L.
name: Roesch, Scott C.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: Social support is one potential source of health-related resiliency in Hispanics with diabetes.
Reduction of cardiac AL amyloid deposition after complete response visualised by PiB-PET imaging
Creators: name: Oguchi, Kazuhiro
name: Katoh, Nagaaki
name: Mochizuki, Yusuke
name: Takahashi, Yusuke
name: Ueno, Akihiro
name: Takasone, Ken
name: Sekijima, Yoshiki
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Reduction of cardiac AL amyloid deposition after complete response visualised by PiB-PET imaging
How risky is it to use e-cigarettes? Smokers’ beliefs about their health risks from using novel and traditional tobacco products
Creators: name: Emery, Sherry L.
name: Ribisl, Kurt M.
name: Brewer, Noel T.
name: Rini, Christine M.
name: Pepper, Jessica K.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: We sought to understand smokers’ perceived likelihood of health problems from using cigarettes and four non-cigarette tobacco products (NCTPs: e-cigarettes, snus, dissolvable tobacco, and smokeless tobacco). A US national sample of 6,607 adult smokers completed an online survey in March 2013. Participants viewed e-cigarette use as less likely to cause lung cancer, oral cancer, or heart disease compared to smoking regular cigarettes (all p < .001). This finding was robust for all demographic groups. Participants viewed using NCTPs other than e-cigarettes as more likely to cause oral cancer than smoking cigarettes but less likely to cause lung cancer. The dramatic increase in e-cigarette use may be due in part to the belief that they are less risky to use than cigarettes, unlike the other NCTPs. Future research should examine trajectories in perceived likelihood of harm from e-cigarette use and whether they affect regular and electronic cigarette use.
Wilson lines construction of $\mathfrak{osp}(1|2)$ conformal blocks
Creators: name: Belavin, Vladimir
name: Cabezas, J. Ramos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study N=1 superconformal theory in the context of AdS/CFT correspondence in the large central charge limit using Chern-Simons formulation of $3d$ gravity. In this limit conformal dimensions of a subclass of so-called light primary superfields remain finite and are governed by $\mathfrak{osp}(1|2)$ subalgebra of N=1 super-Virasoro algebra. We describe the construction of $\mathfrak{osp}(1|2)$ conformal blocks in terms of Wilson lines of the Chern-Simons $3d$ gravity. We consider examples of two and three-point blocks on the sphere and one-point torus blocks of light superprimary fields, which belong to finite-dimensional representations of $\mathfrak{osp}(1|2)$. We study the correlation function for lower and upper components of the primary $\mathfrak{osp}(1|2)$ doublets and show that the associated conformal blocks are obtained via Wilson line construction in Chern-Simons theory.
Tidal radii and destruction rates of globular clusters in the Milky Way due to bulge-bar and disk shocking
Creators: name: Moreno, Edmundo
name: Pichardo, Barbara
name: Velazquez, Hector
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate orbits, tidal radii, and bulge-bar and disk shocking destruction rates for 63 globular clusters in our Galaxy. Orbits are integrated in both an axisymmetric and a non-axisymmetric Galactic potential that includes a bar and a 3D model for the spiral arms. With the use of a Monte Carlo scheme, we consider in our simulations observational uncertainties in the kinematical data of the clusters. In the analysis of destruction rates due to the bulge-bar, we consider the rigorous treatment of using the real Galactic cluster orbit, instead of the usual linear trajectory employed in previous studies. We compare results in both treatments. We find that the theoretical tidal radius computed in the nonaxisymmetric Galactic potential compares better with the observed tidal radius than that obtained in the axisymmetric potential. In both Galactic potentials, bulge-shocking destruction rates computed with a linear trajectory of a cluster at its perigalacticons give a good approximation to the result obtained with the real trajectory of the cluster. Bulge-shocking destruction rates for clusters with perigalacticons in the inner Galactic region are smaller in the non-axisymmetric potential, as compared with those in the axisymmetric potential. For the majority of clusters with high orbital eccentricities (e > 0.5), their total bulge+disk destruction rates are smaller in the non-axisymmetric potential.
description: 58 pages, 26 figures, ApJ Accepted
The Revisiting Problem in Simultaneous Localization and Mapping: A Survey on Visual Loop Closure Detection
Creators: name: Tsintotas, Konstantinos A.
name: Bampis, Loukas
name: Gasteratos, Antonios
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Where am I? This is one of the most critical questions that any intelligent system should answer to decide whether it navigates to a previously visited area. This problem has long been acknowledged for its challenging nature in simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM), wherein the robot needs to correctly associate the incoming sensory data to the database allowing consistent map generation. The significant advances in computer vision achieved over the last 20 years, the increased computational power, and the growing demand for long-term exploration contributed to efficiently performing such a complex task with inexpensive perception sensors. In this article, visual loop closure detection, which formulates a solution based solely on appearance input data, is surveyed. We start by briefly introducing place recognition and SLAM concepts in robotics. Then, we describe a loop closure detection system's structure, covering an extensive collection of topics, including the feature extraction, the environment representation, the decision-making step, and the evaluation process. We conclude by discussing open and new research challenges, particularly concerning the robustness in dynamic environments, the computational complexity, and scalability in long-term operations. The article aims to serve as a tutorial and a position paper for newcomers to visual loop closure detection.
description: 25 pages, 15 figures
A classification of modular compactifications of the space of pointed elliptic curves by Gorenstein curves
Creators: name: Bozlee, Sebastian
name: Kuo, Bob
name: Neff, Adrian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14H10 (primary), 14T90 (secondary)

description: We classify the Deligne-Mumford stacks M compactifying the moduli space of smooth $n$-pointed curves of genus one under the condition that the points of M represent Gorenstein curves with distinct markings. This classification uncovers new moduli spaces $\bar{\mathcal{M}}_{1,n}(Q)$, which we may think of coming from an enrichment of the notion of level used to define Smyth's $m$-stable spaces. Finally, we construct a cube complex of Artin stacks interpolating between the $\bar{\mathcal{M}}_{1,n}(Q)$'s, a multidimensional analogue of the wall-and-chamber structure seen in the log minimal model program for $\bar{\mathcal{M}}_g$.
description: 35 pages; author's accepted manuscript for Algebra and Number Theory
Integrable deformed $T^{1,1}$ sigma models from 4D Chern-Simons theory
Creators: name: Fukushima, Osamu
name: Sakamoto, Jun-ichi
name: Yoshida, Kentaroh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently, a variety of deformed $T^{1,1}$ manifolds, with which 2D non-linear sigma models (NLSMs) are classically integrable, have been presented by Arutyunov, Bassi and Lacroix (ABL) [arXiv:2010.05573]. We refer to the NLSMs with the integrable deformed $T^{1,1}$ as the ABL model for brevity. Motivated by this progress, we consider deriving the ABL model from a 4D Chern-Simons (CS) theory with a meromorphic one-form with four double poles and six simple zeros. We specify boundary conditions in the CS theory that give rise to the ABL model and derive the sigma-model background with target-space metric and anti-symmetric two-form. Finally, we present two simple examples 1) an anisotropic $T^{1,1}$ model and 2) a $G/H$ $λ$-model. The latter one can be seen as a one-parameter deformation of the Guadagnini-Martellini-Mintchev model.
description: 23 pages: minor modifications, references added
Gemeinsam Gestalten: Partizipation im genossenschaftlichen Planungsprozess am Beispiel der Wohnbaugenossenschaft Warmbächli in der Siedlung Holliger in Bern
Creators: name: Hofweber Marc
Publisher: name: Hochschule Luzern – Soziale Arbeit
Year: 2024

description: Im Rahmen der Forschungsarbeit Gemeinsam Gestalten: Partizipation im genossenschaftlichen Planungsprozess am Beispiel der Wohnbaugenossenschaft Warmbächli in der Siedlung Holliger in Bern evaluiert Marc Hofweber den partizipativen Planungsprozess der Wohnbaugenossenschaft Warmbächli, wie er zwischen 2013–2019 stattfand. Die Genossenschafter*innen übernahmen dabei die Rolle der Planer*innen für den Umbau eines alten Lagerhauses an der Güterstrasse 8 in Bern, um es in ein Gebäude mit Wohn- und Arbeitsräumen umzuwandeln. Der Autor untersucht zunächst die Definition von Partizipation und ihre Bedeutung in der genossenschaftlichen Siedlungsentwicklung sowie als Kernelement der Sozialen Arbeit (SA) und der soziokulturellen Animation (SKA). Im Forschungsteil wird analysiert, wie Partizipation in der Wohnbaugenossenschaft Warmbächli verstanden wurde, welche Ziele damit verbunden waren und inwiefern diese erreicht werden konnten. Die Forschungsergebnisse wurden durch Leitfadeninterviews mit Expert*innen gewonnen, die gezielt nach einem deduktiven Ansatz ausgewählt wurden. Die Erkenntnisse zeigen, dass viele der anfänglichen Ziele der Genossenschafter*innen zur Schaffung qualitativ hochwertigen Wohnraums durch den partizipativen Prozess erreicht wurden. Dies gelang durch erheblichen Zeitaufwand, gute Strukturierung und flexible sowie reflektierte Reaktionen auf stetige Veränderungen im Planungsprozess. Zukünftig kann die SKA eine wichtige Rolle in der partizipativen Planung genossenschaftlicher Siedlungen spielen, da soziokulturelle Animator*innen aus einer neutralen Position mit Fachwissen und methodischen Ansätzen die Begleitung solcher Prozesse unterstützen können.
description: + Code Diss LU: hslusa bask be + Fussnote: Bachelor-Arbeit, Hochschule Luzern – Soziale Arbeit, Studienrichtung Soziokultur, 2024 + NL-Code: NLLUHSA202409
MuRF1 activity is present in cardiac mitochondria and regulates reactive oxygen species production in vivo
Creators: name: Willis, Monte S.
name: Rodríguez, Jessica E.
name: Young, Martin E.
name: Gautel, Mathias
name: Mattox, Taylor A.
name: Anderson, Ethan J.
name: Grevengoed, Trisha J.
name: Spaniel, Carolyn
name: Rubel, Carrie E.
name: Xu, Zhelong
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: MuRF1 is a previously reported ubiquitin-ligase found in striated muscle that targets troponin I and myosin heavy chain for degradation. While MuRF1 has been reported to interact with mitochondrial substrates in yeast two-hybrid studies, no studies have identified MuRF1’s role in regulating mitochondrial function to date. In the present study, we measured cardiac mitochondrial function from isolated permeabilized muscle fibers in previously phenotyped MuRF1 transgenic and MuRF1−/− mouse models to determine the role of MuRF1 in intermediate energy metabolism and ROS production. We identified a significant decrease in reactive oxygen species production in cardiac muscle fibers from MuRF1 transgenic mice with increased alpha-MHC driven MuRF1 expression. Increased MuRF1 expression in ex vivo and in vitro experiments revealed no alterations in the respiratory chain complex I and II function. Working perfusion experiments on MuRF1 transgenic hearts demonstrated significant changes in glucose or oleate oxidation; however, total oxygen consumption was decreased. This data provides evidence for MuRF1 as a novel regulator of cardiac ROS, offering another mechanism by which increased MuRF1 expression may be cardioprotective in ischemia reperfusion injury, in addition to its inhibition of apoptosis via proteasome-mediate degradation of c-Jun. The lack of mitochondrial function phenotype identified in MuRF1−/− hearts may be due to the overlapping interactions of MuRF1 and MuRF2 with energy regulating proteins found by yeast two-hybrid studies reported here, implying a duplicity in MuRF1 and MuRF2’s regulation of mitochondrial function.
Mirror symmetry breaking in He isotopes and their mirror nuclei
Creators: name: Myo, Takayuki
name: Kato, Kiyoshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the mirror symmetry breaking of $^6$He-$^6$Be and $^8$He-$^8$C using the $^4$He + $X$N ($X$=2, 4) cluster model. The many-body resonances are treated for the correct boundary condition using the complex scaling method. We find that the ground state radius of $^8$C is larger than that of $^8$He due to the Coulomb repulsion in $^8$C. On the other hand, the $0^+_2$ resonances of the two nuclei exhibit the inverse relation; the $^8$C radius is smaller than the $^8$He radius. This is due to the Coulomb barrier of the valence protons around the $^4$He cluster core in $^8$C, which breaks the mirror symmetry of the radius in the two nuclei. A similar variation in the radius is obtained in the mirror nuclei, $^6$He and $^6$Be. A very large spatial extension of valence nucleons is observed in the $0^+_2$ states of $^8$He and $^8$C. This property is related to the dominance of the $(p_{3/2})^2(p_{1/2})^2$ configuration for four valence nucleons, which is understood from the reduction in the strength of the couplings to other configurations by involving the spatially extended components of valence nucleons.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures
Local imaging of high mobility two-dimensional electron systems with virtual scanning tunneling microscopy
Creators: name: Pelliccione, Matthew
name: Bartel, John
name: Sciambi, Adam
name: Pfeiffer, Loren
name: West, Ken
name: Goldhaber-Gordon, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Correlated electron states in high mobility two-dimensional electron systems (2DESs), including charge density waves and microemulsion phases intermediate between a Fermi liquid and Wigner crystal, are predicted to exhibit complex local charge order. Existing experimental studies, however, have mainly probed these systems at micron to millimeter scales rather than directly mapping spatial organization. Scanning probes should be well-suited to study the spatial structure of these states, but high mobility 2DESs are found at buried semiconductor interfaces, beyond the reach of conventional scanning tunneling microscopy. Scanning techniques based on electrostatic coupling to the 2DES deliver important insights, but generally with resolution limited by the depth of the 2DES. In this Letter, we present our progress in developing a technique called "virtual scanning tunneling microscopy" that allows local tunneling into a high mobility 2DES. Using a specially-designed bilayer GaAs/AlGaAs heterostructure where the tunnel coupling between two separate 2DESs is tunable via electrostatic gating, combined with a scanning gate, we show that the local tunneling can be controlled with sub-200 nm resolution.
description: 12 pages, 4 figures
Predictors of cognitive dysfunction in hereditary transthyretin amyloidosis with liver transplant
Creators: name: Cavaco, Sara
name: da Silva, Ana Martins
name: Fernandes, Joana
name: Sousa, Ana Paula
name: Alves, Cristina
name: Cardoso, Márcio
name: Teixeira-Pinto, Armando
name: Coelho, Teresa
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Cognitive dysfunction is part of the broad spectrum of clinical manifestations in older untreated hereditary transthyretin amyloidosis patients with peripheral polyneuropathy. The objective of this study is to systematically explore cognitive dysfunction in ATTRV30M amyloidosis patients whose disease course was modified by liver transplant (LT). A series of 269 carriers of TTRVal30Met mutation treated with LT underwent a neuropsychological assessment. Clinical charts were reviewed to identify focal neurological episodes (FNEs), cognitive complaints and laboratory results. Chi-square and Mann–Whitney tests explored potential predictors of cognitive dysfunction. Cognitive dysfunction was identified in 35 patients (13%)−14 (5%) had mild and 21 (8%) had moderate dysfunction. In comparison to normal cognition, both mild and moderate cognitive dysfunction patients had older age, higher mPND score and elevated NT-proBNP and Cystatin C values. Mild cognitive dysfunction was associated with longer disease duration and history of FNEs, whereas moderate dysfunction was related to older age at disease onset and more cognitive complaints and depression symptoms. Consistent with the natural history of the disease, older age and higher severity of the disease are significantly associated and potentially predictors of cognitive dysfunction in ATTRV30M patients treated with LT. The level of cognitive dysfunction may depend on some clinical variables.
Study of the PYTHIA $ΔηΔϕ$ correlation as a function of multiplicity and transverse sphericity in proton-proton collisions at 7 TeV
Creators: name: Perez, Edgar
name: Paic, Guy
name: Ortiz, Antonio
name: Cuautle, Eleazar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The study and understanding of the details of proton-proton collisions is important since they are the benchmark for the comparison with heavy ion results. In the present work we have studied the $ΔηΔϕ$ correlations as a function of the event multiplicity and transverse sphericity in pp collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 7 TeV using PYTHIA 8.180. The results show large variation in the shape of the correlation as a function of the sphericity and multiplicity indicating the importance of slicing the data in bins of both observables to better understand the complexity of the interactions. Motivated by the radial flow patterns originated by color reconnection (CR), results with and without CR together with dihadron correlations are discussed.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures
Overall current-voltage characteristics of space charge controlled currents for thin films by a single carrier species
Creators: name: Seki, Kazuhiko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Mott-Gurney equation (Child's law) has been frequently applied to measure the mobility of carrier transport layers. One of the main assumption in the Mott-Gurney theory is ignoring the diffusive currents. It was not obvious, however, whether the diffusive currents can be ignored for thin carrier transport layers. We obtained the current-voltage relation using analytical solutions of drift-diffusion equation coupled with the Poisson's equation. The integration constants were numerically determined using nonlinear equations obtained from boundary conditions.A simple analytical relation between the voltage and current was also derived. The analytical equation improved over the Mott-Gurney equation when the voltage is between 0.1 and 2 [V] at room temperature. By using published data, we show that both the mobility and the layer thickness can be simultaneously obtained by applying the analytical expression. The effect of diffusion on the current-voltage relation is explained by the movement of the virtual electrode formed by space charge accumulation.
Toward Correct Protein Folding Potentials
Creators: name: Crippen, G.M.
name: Chhajer, M.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2004

description: Empirical protein folding potentialfunctions should have a global minimum nearthe native conformationof globular proteins that fold stably, andthey should give the correct free energy offolding. We demonstrate that otherwise verysuccessful potentials fail to have even alocal minimumanywhere near the native conformation, anda seemingly well validated method ofestimatingthe thermodynamic stability of the nativestate is extremely sensitive to smallperturbations inatomic coordinates. These are bothindicative of fitting a great deal ofirrelevant detail. Here weshow how to devise a robust potentialfunction that succeeds very well at bothtasks, at least for alimited set of proteins, and this involvesdeveloping a novel representation of thedenatured state.Predicted free energies of unfolding for 25mutants of barnase are in close agreementwith theexperimental values, while for 17 mutantsthere are substantial discrepancies.
Differences in Aortic Arch Geometry, Hemodynamics, and Plaque Patterns Between C57BL/6 and 129/SvEv Mice
Creators: name: Zhu, Hui
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: Atherosclerotic plaques are distributed differently in the aortic arches of C57BL/6 (B6) and 129/SvEv (129) apolipoprotein E (apoE)- deficient mice. It is now recognized that hemodynamic shear stress plays an important role in the localization of atherosclerotic development. Since the blood flow field in the vessel is modulated by the vascular geometry, we quantitatively examined the difference in the aortic arch geometry between the two corresponding wild-type mouse strains. The three-dimensional (3-D) geometry of fourteen murine aortic arches, seven from each strain, was characterized using casts and stereo microscopic imaging. Many geometric features, including aortic arch shape, vessel diameter, and branch locations were significantly different at p<0.05 between the two mouse strains. Based on the geometry of each cast, an average 3-D geometry of the aortic arch for each mouse strain was obtained, and computational fluid dynamic calculations were performed in the two average aortic arches. Lower shear stress was found at the inner curvature of the aortic arch in the 129 strain, corresponding to greater involvement in the corresponding apoE-deficient mice relative to the B6 strain. These results support the notion that heritable features of arterial geometry can contribute to individual differences in local susceptibility to arterial disease.