cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Interlocking Resonance Patterns in Galaxy Disks
Creators: name: Font, J.
name: Beckman, J. E.
name: Querejeta, M.
name: Epinat, B.
name: James, P. A.
name: Blasco-Herrera, J.
name: Erroz-Ferrer, S.
name: Perez, I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have developed a method for finding dynamical resonances in disk galaxies using the change in sense of the radial component of the in-plane velocity at a resonance radius. Using simulations we show that we would expect to find these changes at corotation radii, with a weaker effect at the ILR and a small effect at the OLR. The method works well with observations at high spectral and angular resolutions, and is suited to the analysis of 2D velocity fields in Ha from Fabry-Perot spectroscopy, (though it is also applicable to fields in 21cm emission from HI, or to CO emission lines). The observations are mainly from the GHASP spectrometer data base, taken on the 1.93m telescope at Haute Provence, plus some data from the GHaFaS spectrometer on the 4.2m WHT at La Palma. We find clear indications of resonance effects in the disk velocity fields of virtually all of the 104 galaxies. The number of resonance radii detected ranges from one to seven, with a median of four. We have derived the resonance curves: Omega, Omega+/-kappa/2, Omega+/-kappa/4 against radius for all the galaxies, and used them to derive the ILR, the OLR, and the two 4:1 resonances for each corotation in each galaxy. This led us to discover a pattern in over 70% of the sample: given two pattern speeds, say Omega1 and Omega2, the OLR of Omega1 coincides with the corotation of Omega2, and the inner 4:1 resonance of Omega2 coincides with the corotation of Omega1. Although the second coincidence has been predicted, a prediction of this double coincidence is not found in the literature. This pattern is found once in 42 of the galaxies, twice in a further 26, three times in five, and even four times in one galaxy. We also compute the ratio of corotation radius to bar length where we have good enough image quality, finding a mean value of 1.3, and a shallow increase towards later type galaxies.
description: Accepted for publication in ApJ Suppl. 10 figures on the text plus extra figures available online only in the ApJ Suppl. version
Cryptic Kelp: Identifying and describing a new species in the southern bull-kelp genis Durvillaea
Creators: name: Weber, Xenia
Publisher: name: The Australian National University
Year: 2015

description: Genetic analyses offer unprecedented insight into the evolutionary history of species and can reveal a wealth of previously cryptic biodiversity. Species showing no obvious morphological or ecological differences, despite genetic differentiation, can offer opportunities to understand the processes underlying divergence. The Australian endemic brown macroalgae, Durvillaea potatorum (Phaeophyceae), is an ideal organism to study how divergence can arise and eventually lead to speciation in highly-disturbed environments. This study builds on a previous genetic investigation of D. potatorum that revealed two genetically differentiated, reproductively isolated lineages, potentially representing ‘cryptic species’. The aim was to identify any differences that correspond with the genetic division within D. potatorum by using a combined genetic, morphological, ecological and histological analytical approach. A total of 228 individuals from seven sites around coastal Tasmania were collected and measured in situ for a range of morphological and ecological characteristics (e.g. depth below mean sea level or stipe length). Tissue samples were also collected for each individual to allow genetic analyses using mitochondrial (COI) and nuclear (28S) markers as well as histological examination of reproductive structures. Differences between the two lineages were examined by a combination of univariate and multivariate modelling analyses (including non-metric multidimensional scaling, analysis of similarity, Adonis and partial least squares). Genetic analyses confirmed the presence of two deeply divergent monophyletic clades, representing genetically distinct species: Durvillaea potatorum (sensu stricto) and Durvillaea lentus sp. nov. Despite highly variable phenotypes, morphological and ecological differences were found. Durvillaea lentus was typically found in deeper waters and had a relatively thinner, more slender stipe. Durvillaea lentus was also less responsive to ecological conditions but appeared to invest more heavily in repair structures such as stipitate lateral branches. Spatial distributions and patterns of genetic diversity in contemporary populations of both species support allopatric speciation coinciding with the onset of glaciation cycles in the late Pliocene. The current sympatric distribution around Tasmania’s east and west-coasts can be explained by a combination of ecological divergence and interglacial range expansion, facilitated by changes to land connectivity and ocean currents. This study reveals how both geography and ecology can drive divergence, and eventually result in speciation. These findings suggest that high levels of disturbance can promote cryptic diversity and highlight the importance of long-term changes and short-term fluctuations in ecological conditions as drivers of biodiversity.
Center for stroke disparities solutions community- based care transition interventions: study protocol of a randomized controlled trial
Creators: name: Feldman, Penny
name: McDonald, Margaret
name: Trachtenberg, Melissa
name: Schoenthaler, Antoinette
name: Coyne, Noreen
name: Teresi, Jeanne A.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2015
Subjects: Clinical trials
Hispanic Americans
African Americans
Cerebrovascular disease--Patients--Home care

description: Background: Racial and ethnic disparities persist in stroke occurrence, recurrence, morbidity and mortality. Uncontrolled hypertension (HTN) is the most important modifiable risk factor for stroke risk. Home health care organizations care for many patients with uncontrolled HTN and history of stroke; however, recurrent stroke prevention has not been a home care priority. We are conducting a randomized controlled trial (RCT) to compare the effectiveness, relative to usual home care (UHC), of two Community Transitions Interventions (CTIs). The CTIs aim to reduce recurrent stroke risk among post-stroke patients via home-based transitional care focused on better HTN management. Methods/Design: This 3-arm trial will randomly assign 495 black and Hispanic post-stroke home care patients with uncontrolled systolic blood pressure (SBP) to one of three arms: UHC, UHC complemented by nurse practitioner-delivered transitional care (UHC + NP) or UHC complemented by an NP plus health coach (UHC + NP + HC). Both intervention arms emphasize: 1) linking patients to continuous, responsive preventive and primary care, 2) increasing patients’/caregivers’ ability to manage a culturally and individually tailored BP reduction plan, and 3) facilitating the patient’s reintegration into the community after home health care discharge. The primary hypothesis is that both NP-only and NP + HC transitional care will be more effective than UHC alone in achieving a SBP reduction. The primary outcome is change in SPB at 3 and 12 months. The study also will examine cost-effectiveness, quality of life and moderators (for example, race/ethnicity) and mediators (for example, changes in health behaviors) that may affect treatment outcomes. All outcome data are collected by staff blinded to group assignment. Discussion: This study targets care gaps affecting a particularly vulnerable black/Hispanic population characterized by persistent stroke disparities. It focuses on care transitions, a juncture when patients are particularly susceptible to adverse events. The CTI is innovative in adapting for stroke patients an established transitional care model shown to be effective for HF patients, pairing the professional NP with a HC, implementing a culturally tailored intervention, and placing primary emphasis on longer-term risk factor reduction and community reintegration rather than shorter-term transitional care outcomes. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01918891; Registered 5 August 2013.
64-pixel NbTiN superconducting nanowire single-photon detector array for spatially resolved photon detection
Creators: name: Miki, Shigehito
name: Yamashita, Taro
name: Wang, Zhen
name: Terai, Hirotaka
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the characterization of two-dimensionally arranged 64-pixel NbTiN superconducting nanowire single-photon detector array for spatially resolved photon detection. NbTiN films deposited on thermally oxidized Si substrates enabled the high-yield production of high-quality SSPD pixels, and all 64 SSPD pixels showed uniform superconducting characteristics. Furthermore, all of the pixels showed single-photon sensitivity, and 60 of the 64 pixels showed a pulse generation probability higher than 90% after photon absorption. As a result of light irradiation from the single-mode optical fiber at different distances between the fiber tip and the active area, the variations of system detection efficiency in each pixel showed reasonable Gaussian distribution to represent the spatial distributions of photon flux intensity.
description: 11 pages, 5 figures
YOUTH OFFICIALS' USE OF NEW MEDIA FOR POLITICAL PARTICIPATION DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC: CASE OF SANGGUNIANG KABATAAN MEMBERS IN LAUREL, BATANGAS
Creators: name: Dela Cueva, Genie V.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: youth in politics
political communication
political participation
online participation
offline participation
youth in government
social media users

description: This study analyzed how the members of the Sangguniang Kabataan in the Municipality of Laurel, Batangas use new media for political participation during the COVID-19 pandemic. The study employed a descriptive research design using self-administered survey questionnaires from April 23, 2022 to May 22, 2022. The respondents included 136 respondents from 21 barangays in the municipality of Laurel, Batangas. Contrary to the previous studies on political apathy and disengagement among the youth, the respondents demonstrated a strong digital inclusion and high political interest, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic. They primarily use Messenger, TikTok, and Facebook for at least 3 hours a day and incidentally encounter political information that helps to increase their interest to participate in political activities online. These included reposting or sharing political events and updates on the new media, organizing online fundraising campaigns, joining political events or meetings, and attending politics-related webinars. Hence, although the youth council members’ primary motivation in using the new media is self-expression and social interaction as compared to getting political news and information, they still participated in political activities during the COVID-19 pandemic, showing that the younger generation are politically conscious and engaged in their communities.
description: Master's Thesis
Forecasting ability of a multi-renewal seismicity model for Italy
Creators: name: Molchan, G.
name: Romashkova, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The inter-event time, IET, is sometimes used as a basis for prediction of large earthquakes. It is the case when theoretical analysis of prediction is possible. Quite recently a specific IET- model was suggested for dynamic probabilistic prediction of M > 5.5 events in Italy . In this study we analyze both some aspects of the statistical estimation of the model and its predictive ability. We find that more or less effective prediction is possible within 4 out of 34 seismotectonic zones where seismicity rate or clustering of events is relatively high. We show that, in the framework of the model, one can suggest a simple zone independent strategy, which practically optimizes the relative number of nonaccidental successes, or the Hanssen-Kuiper, HK, skill score. This quasi-optimal strategy declares alarm in a zone for the first 2.67 years just after the occurrence of each large event in the zone. The optimal HK skill score values are: 26% for the 3 most active zones and 2-10% for the 26 least active zones. However, the number of false alarm time intervals per one event in each of the zones is unusually high: 0.7 and 0.8-0.95 respectively. Both these theoretical estimations are important because any prospective testing of the model is unrealistic in most of the zones during a reasonable time. This particular analysis requires a discussion of the following issues of general interest: a specific approach to the analysis of predictions vs. the standard CSEP testing approach; prediction vs. forecasting; HK skill score vs. probability gain; the total forecast error diagram and connected false alarms.
description: 21 pages, 3 figures
Additional file 1 of A preliminary retrospective study of the safety of Vancomycin area under the curve in patients treated with concomitant use of Vancomycin and gentamicin
Creators: name: Nakayama, Hirokazu
name: Nakamura, Yoshitsugu
name: Tanaka, Masayo
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Mental Health

description: Supplementary Material 1
The Loneliest Galaxies in the Universe: A GAMA and GalaxyZoo Study on Void Galaxy Morphology
Creators: name: Porter, Lori E.
name: Holwerda, Benne W.
name: Kruk, Sandor
name: Lara-López, Maritza
name: Pimbblet, Kevin
name: Henry, Christopher
name: Casura, Sarah
name: Kelvin, Lee
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The large-scale structure (LSS) of the Universe is comprised of galaxy filaments, tendrils, and voids. The majority of the Universe's volume is taken up by these voids, which exist as underdense, but not empty, regions. The galaxies found inside these voids are expected to be some of the most isolated objects in the Universe. This study, using the Galaxy and Mass Assembly (GAMA) and Galaxy Zoo surveys, aims to investigate basic physical properties and morphology of void galaxies versus field (filament and tendril) galaxies. We use void galaxies with stellar masses of $9.35 < log(M/M_\odot) < 11.25$, and this sample is split by identifying two redshift-limited regions, 0 < z < 0.075, and, $0.075 < z < 0.15$. To find comparable objects in the sample of field galaxies from GAMA and Galaxy Zoo, we identify "twins" of void galaxies as field galaxies within $\pm$0.05 dex and $\pm$0.15 dex of M and specific star formation rate. We determine the statistical significance of our results using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov (KS) test. We see that void galaxies, in contrast with field galaxies, seem to be disk-dominated and have predominantly round bulges (with > 50 percent of the Galaxy Zoo citizen scientists agreeing that bulges are present).
description: 13 pages, 16 figures, 3 tables, accepted by MNRAS
Sull'origine della condizione di quantizzazione delle cariche dei dioni
Creators: name: Caruso, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is shown that there is a simple way to get the quantization equation for the electric and magnetic charges of dyons, $e_ig_j-g_ie_j=m(\hbar c)$, which also shed light to the origin of such quantization.
description: in Italian
Heininger, Bernhard (Hrsg.): Geschlechterdifferenz in religiösen Symbolsystemen
Creators: name: Hüttinger, Martin
Publisher: name: Werkstatt Schwule Theologie
Year: 1970

description: Werkstatt Schwule Theologie, Bd. 11 Nr. 3 (2004): Werkstatt Schwule Theologie, Band 11, Heft 3
Study of the eta meson production with polarized proton beam
Creators: name: Hodana, M.
name: Moskal, P.
name: Ozerianska, I.
name: Zielinski, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The pp-> pp eta reaction was investigated at excess energies of 15 MeV and 72 MeV using the azimuthally symmetric WASA detector and a polarized proton beam of the Cooler Synchrotron COSY. The aim of the studies is the determination of partial wave contributions to the production process of the eta meson in nucleon-nucleon collisions. Here we present preliminary results of the extraction of the position of the interaction region with respect to the WASA detector and preliminary results on the degree of polarization of the COSY proton beam used in the experiment.
description: Invited talk at the Second International Symposium on Mesic Nuclei, Cracow, Poland, September 22-25 2013
A Right to Food for Australia? How institutions shape food systems and their outcomes
Creators: name: Whitton, Anna S.
Publisher: name: The Australian National University
Year: 2015

description: The current food system in Australia is underpinned by a neoliberal worldview that sees people as consumers, responsible for their own health. However, this system is fundamentally at odds with provision of equitable access to nutritious food and has become trapped in producing unhealthy and inequitable outcomes for society. In response, 2014 saw emergence of an alternative, human rights-based discourse in the Right to Food Coalition and its inaugural conference Putting Food on the Table: Food Security is Everyone’s Business. This development provided an opportunity to explore how this group perceives access to food, compared with framing of these issues in the literature. To do so, I asked: how does emerging right to food discourse in Australia challenge existing approaches to the food system and access to food? I approached this question through exploration of discourse at the Right to Food conference using a systems-thinking methodology. Analysis of the Right to Food conference demonstrated that the group’s perspective is largely consistent with critical approaches in the literature that express firm belief Australia’s food system is failing. Conference delegates identified inequitable access to nutritious food driven by socioeconomic inequality as the root cause of food insecurity. In order to challenge the institutional barriers causing this problem, the conference met and agreed to collaborate on future advocacy work with the aim to ‘get food security on the Australian agenda’. This perspective indicates consistency with literature criticising the de-politicisation of hunger and food insecurity in Australia and abroad. These findings suggested that equitable access to food, and the right to adequate food, cannot be achieved without government leadership and institutional reform. Application of a cultural adaptation template systems methodology illuminated the role of institutions in shaping behaviour in the food system and how the dominant paradigm can be challenged be this alternative, rights-based approach.
Fabrication of an InGaAs spin filter by implantation of paramagnetic centers
Creators: name: Nguyen, C. T.
name: Balocchi, A.
name: Lagarde, D.
name: Zhang, T. T.
name: Carrère, H.
name: Mazzucato, S.
name: Barate, P.
name: Amand, T.
name: Marie, X.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on the selective creation of spin filltering regions in non-magnetic InGaAs layers by implantation of Ga ions by Focused Ion Beam. We demonstrate by photoluminescence spectroscopy that spin dependent recombination (SDR) ratios as high as 240% can be achieved in the implanted areas. The optimum implantation conditions for the most efficient SDR is determined by the systematic analysis of different ion doses spanning four orders of magnitude. The application of a weak external magnetic field leads to a sizeable enhancement of the SDR ratio from the spin polarization of the nuclei surrounding the polarized implanted paramagnetic defects.
Rau, Eckhard: Das geheime Markusevangelium
Creators: name: Denzinga, Joachim
Publisher: name: Werkstatt Schwule Theologie
Year: 1970

description: Werkstatt Schwule Theologie, Bd. 11 Nr. 3 (2004): Werkstatt Schwule Theologie, Band 11, Heft 3
Nuclear recoil response of liquid xenon and its impact on solar 8B neutrino and dark matter searches
Creators: name: Xiang, X.
name: Gaitskell, R. J.
name: Liu, R.
name: Bang, J.
name: Xu, J.
name: Lippincott, W. H.
name: Aalbers, J.
name: Dobson, J. E. Y.
name: Szydagis, M.
name: Rischbieter, G. R. C.
name: Parveen, N.
name: Huang, D. Q.
name: Olcina, I.
name: James, R. J.
name: Nikoleyczik, J. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Knowledge of the ionization and scintillation responses of liquid xenon (LXe) to nuclear recoils is crucial for LXe-based dark matter experiments. Current calibrations carry large uncertainties in the low-energy region below $\sim3$ keV$_nr$ where signals from dark matter particles of $<$10 GeV/c$^2$ masses are expected. The coherent elastic neutrino-nucleus scattering (CE$ν$NS) by solar $^8$B neutrinos also results in a continuum of nuclear recoil events below 3.0 keV$_{nr}$ (99\% of events), which further complicates low-mass dark matter searches in LXe experiments. In this paper, we describe a method to quantify the uncertainties of low-energy LXe responses using published calibration data, followed by case studies to evaluate the impact of yield uncertainties on ${^8}$B searches and low-mass dark matter sensitivity in a typical ton-scale LXe experiment. We conclude that naively omitting yield uncertainties leads to overly optimistic limits by factor $\sim2$ for a 6 GeV/c$^2$ WIMP mass. Future nuclear recoil light yield calibrations could allow experiments to recover this sensitivity and also improve the accuracy of solar ${^8}$B flux measurements.
Distance Decay and Commuting Peaks: Evidence from Mining Transit Smartcard Data in Canberra, Australia
Creators: name: Wong, Yale Zhuxiao
Publisher: name: The Australian National University
Year: 2015

description: Big data manifests itself in the public transport arena through smartcard ticketing systems. Although primarily designed as a fare collection mechanism, some systems embed important features like alighting points which add an additional layer of analytical capability. Mining this data can reveal travel behaviour with census-level accuracy not previously possible through travel surveys. One such application is in the exploration of spatial-temporal variations in transit patronage, an omnipresent concern for transport planners seeking to meet peak demand. To date, there is yet an understanding for how commuting peaks are influenced by the friction of distance, a quintessential geographic concept with widespread applications from transport network design to the urban form of sustainable cities. Data was sourced from a high quality smartcard system at a medium-sized bus operator in Canberra, Australia. A 163 working day year-on-year comparison was undertaken to compare the before and after effects of a change in bus route structure and timetables. An open-source database and the R programming language and environment were used to produce a series of visualisations culminating in a loess regression. Temporal variations across the diurnal cycle were quantified through the peak-to-base ratio, which was plotted over the spatial variable, accumulated journey time. Unlike the hypothesised positive exponential relationship, the analysis revealed a pseudo-sinusoidal curve reaching maximum peaking intensity for journey lengths around 30 minutes. This held for adults and school students, but seniors and tertiary students exhibited vastly different curves better resembling the hypothesis. Minimal effects also arose from the network change, suggesting that the results are somewhat entrenched in human behaviour. This thesis offers important theoretical, methodological and practical contributions. A distance decay function has, for the first time, been drawn for commuting peaks, possible only though and reaffirming the importance of embedding alighting points in transit smartcard systems. The findings also endorse the merits of compact cities, as shorter journeys are linked with the least magnitudes of peaking, thereby permitting the best use of transportation resources.
Quantum dust cores of black holes
Creators: name: Casadio, Roberto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe the ground state for a gravitationally collapsed ball of dust as the direct product of wavefunctions for dust particles distributed over an arbitrary number of nested layers. This allows us to estimate the expectation value of the global radius as well as the effective energy density and pressures for the dust core of quantum black holes. In particular, the size of the quantum core does not depend on the number of layers and the mass function is shown to grow linearly with the areal radius up to the outermost layer.
description: 9 pages, 2 figures. Version to appear in PLB
Sustainability from Multicultural Perspectives at Ginninderry
Creators: name: Smith, Jessica
Publisher: name: The Australian National University
Year: 2018

description: A large proportion of buyers of land at Ginninderry, a new sustainable suburb being built in Canberra, are from diverse cultural and ethnic backgrounds. The academic literature is dominated by “Western” perceptions of sustainability, which leads to a lack of understanding of the environmental worldviews and environmental behaviours of ethnic minority groups. As a result, there was uncertainty about whether Ginninderry’s approach was best suited to a myriad of multicultural conceptions of sustainability. The literature is also unclear on the causes of pro-environmental behaviours and worldviews. As a result, this thesis undertook in-depth qualitative interviews with future residents to create a framework that helps explain the drivers and relationships in systems of environmental behaviours and worldviews in cross-cultural contexts. The findings of this research suggest that culture is a key contributing factor to worldviews and behaviours, but that it is incredibly diverse and nuanced in its impact. People from various cultural backgrounds have varied and different relationships to sustainability, but Ginninderry’s approach seems well-suited to the majority of participants. Ginninderry’s investment in sustainability, community and cutting-edge research in both these fields makes it flexible and inclusive for those who will live there. This thesis also suggests that community cohesion, personal connection to the environment, values, and knowledge are important factors in creating environmental worldviews and behaviours. This is portrayed in an integrative, holistic framework that grounds pre-existing theories in empirical evidence, and suggests a new academic understanding of the matter.
Analysis of the Correlation between Curing and Moisture Content in Australia Grasslands with MODIS-based Observations
Creators: name: Xuan, Sheng
Publisher: name: The Australian National University
Year: 2019

description: Fire is common in Australia grasslands, and it is becoming more frequent and serious due to climate change. Fire has significant impacts upon economy, human-health and ecology, so the management of bushfire is important. Degree of curing (C) and fuel moisture content (FMC) are applied as input variables in different fire prediction models in Australia to evaluate fuel conditions. Indirect satellite observations of FMC are based on the assumption that FMC is related to C. Studying the relationship between C and FMC helps understand fuel dynamics, improve fire prediction model and spectral indices. The relationship between C and FMC has been intensively discussed, despite of different options. Instead of field observation used in previous studies, C and FMC derived from satellite-based observation would be applied in this analysis. In this thesis, C and FMC estimated at a large-scale with high spatial resolution and temporal resolution were compared to study their relationship. Using satellite-observed C and FMC data, this study investigated the relationship between C and FMC across grasslands in Australia and over a time series. Moreover, this study aimed to investigate the relationship between C and FMC at smaller-scale to examine the influences of grass species, seasonal change, and fire histories on the correlation between C and FMC. It was hypothesised that there would always be a negative linear relationship between C and FMC in Australian grasslands regardless of grass species, fire history, or seasons. Results of this study confirmed that there were strong negative linear correlations between C and FMC across Australian grasslands; however, in different grasslands the correlation coefficients varied. The correlation between C and FMC was influenced by grass species, previous fire events, and seasonal change. In blue grass (Dichanthium) and tall bunch grass (Chrysopogon) tussock grasslands, temperate tussock grasslands, other tussock grasslands, and non-native grasslands, C and FMC had a very strong negative linear correlation. In other types of grasslands, the correlation between C and FMC was weaker. In areas with frequent fire events and during the extreme dry or rainy seasons, the correlations between C and FMC were also weaker. This study implicates that the correlation between C and FMC is grass species specific, so fire prediction models should also be developed using various grass species. Strong correlation between C and FMC in southern grasslands except for sedgelands, rushes, or reeds, confirmed that it is suitable to evaluate fuel condition by C. FMC data should be included in fire prediction models for grasslands that do not have very strong significant correlations between C and FMC. Spectral indices that focused on the contrast between red and NIR were questioned by this study because C and FMC were not always very strongly negatively correlated in grasslands in Australia.
Information sharing promotes prosocial behaviour
Creators: name: Szolnoki, Attila
name: Perc, Matjaz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: More often than not, bad decisions are bad regardless of where and when they are made. Information sharing might thus be utilized to mitigate them. Here we show that sharing the information about strategy choice between players residing on two different networks reinforces the evolution of cooperation. In evolutionary games the strategy reflects the action of each individual that warrants the highest utility in a competitive setting. We therefore assume that identical strategies on the two networks reinforce themselves by lessening their propensity to change. Besides network reciprocity working in favour of cooperation on each individual network, we observe the spontaneous emerge of correlated behaviour between the two networks, which further deters defection. If information is shared not just between individuals but also between groups, the positive effect is even stronger, and this despite the fact that information sharing is implemented without any assumptions with regards to content.
description: 14 pages, 7 figures; accepted for publication in New Journal of Physics
Engineering the regeneration niche for the restoration of temperate grassy woodlands
Creators: name: Robb, Rachael Erin
Publisher: name: The Australian National University
Year: 2019

description: Digging animals, considered ecosystem engineers in temperate grassy woodlands worldwide, play an important role in the creation of germination niches for ground-layer plant species. However, there is limited understanding of the influence that digging animals may have on temperate grassy woodlands, or on the role they may have for the restoration of these systems. This prompted a study into the dynamics of the native plant regeneration niche, and the small disturbances created by the foraging of digging animals such as the eastern bettong (Bettongia gaimardi). My thesis included investigation of (1) the germination response in bettong-created pits and (2) artificial replication as a possible restoration technique. I selected four sites of Themeda grassland within Mulligans Flat Woodland Sanctuary. The study compared the germination of hand-seeded native forbs (small flowering herbaceous plants) in natural bettong pits, an artificially replicated pit, an artificial ‘scrape’ (removal of vegetation and soil surface disturbance to create a gap in the grass canopy), and a control. This design had the intention of addressing the following questions. 1) Do natural pits promote the germination and establishment of seedlings? 2) Can artificial pits create a similar environment for germination and establishment? 3) Is the possible facilitation effect of germination due to the removal of vegetation, or the structural effects of the pit? This study found that all three disturbance treatments significantly increased germination of the native forbs yam daisy (Microseris walteri) and blue devil (Eryngium ovinum) compared to the control. There was also no significant difference in germination between artificial disturbances mimicking bettong foraging pits, and the scrape to create a gap in the grass canopy. Therefore, the results suggested there is potential to artificially replicate small scale disturbance events, like animal digging, to help restore diversity in temperate grassy woodland ecosystems. It also supported the hypothesis that the creation of gaps in the grass canopy is a major factor driving the plant response to bettong digging in grassy woodlands. A future recommendation is to further investigate the effects of bettong-created pits on the longer-term growth and establishment of native forbs. Additionally, I suggest increasing the scope and scale of my study to include an additional site to MFWS. These avenues of study would further increase the available information on the influence of eastern bettong digging on the growth of native forbs, and in doing so allow more informed recommendations to management.
title: Классификация рисков в образовательной деятельности высших учебных заведений, участвующих в проекте «Приоритет-2030»
title: Classification of Risks in Educational Activities of Higher Educational Institutions Participating in the Priority-2030 Project
Creators: name: Кетоева, Наталья Леонидовна
name: Киселева, Мария Андреевна
name: Драницына, Виктория Константиновна
Publisher: name: Издательский центр СурГУ
Year: 2022

description: Исследованы риски, возникающие в образовательной деятельности вузов, участвующих в программе «Приоритет-2030»; представлена классификация рисков. Методологическую базу исследования составили материалы и методы: диалектический, научного познания и частные научные (анализ, синтез, сравнение, логический и системно-структурный анализ, формализация, анализ нормативно-правовых документов), моделирование. Результаты исследования помогут выявлять риски, связанные с качеством образования в вузах, а также правильно их классифицировать. Определено, что наибольшее количество рисков в образовательной деятельности связано с качеством образования. Даны рекомендации по разработке мероприятий, направленных на предотвращение и снижение последствий от влияния данного вида риска.
description: The study analyzes risks arising during educational activities of the higher educational institutions that participate in the Priority-2030 program. The classification of risks is presented.
The methodological basis of the study consists of materials and the following methods: dialectical method, method of scientific knowledge, specific scientific methods (analysis, synthesis, comparison, logical, systematic and structural analysis, formalization, analysis of regulatory and legal documents), and modeling.
The results of the study will help to detect risks associated with the quality of education in the higher educational institutions as well as to classify them accordingly. The quality of education is determined as the main risk associated factor in educational activities. The authors propose recommendations for developing the events aimed at prevention and minimization of such risk consequences.
THE CONCEPT OF IRRETRIEVABLE BREAKDOWN OF MARRIAGE AS A GROUND OF DIVORCE: A STUDY
Creators: name: Ku. Meenakshi Prabhakar Kale
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: A marriage that is completely unworkable, emotionally dead, beyond saving, and has irretrievably broken down is referred to as having a "irretrievable breakdown of marriage". Although the Hindu Marriage Act and Special Marriages Act do not recognize "irretrievable breakdown of marriage" as ground for divorce, the Supreme Court has held in a key decision that divorce may be allowed if a marriage is completely unworkable, emotionally dead, and beyond repair. The couple will never be able to live apart again as husband and wife if their marriage irretrievably fails. Finally, it is up to the Legislature to decide whether or not to include irreparable breakdown of marriage as a ground for divorce under the Hindu Marriage Act, 1955.However, the Legislature must take irretrievable breakdown of marriage into consideration The fundamental laws of separation in India do not now take into consideration a scenario where the life partners must deal with the reality that, although living under the same roof, their marital relationship is the same as a divorce. That is, there is still no specific legislation for irretrievable breakdown of marriage. The Hindu Marriage Act identifies limited causes for marital dissolution under Section 13. Yet, due to changes in social mores and the public's developing conception of marriage, the supreme court has shown special concern on the issue of applying a irretrievable breakdown of marriage as a ground for a divorce. The separation cannot be recognized due to circumstances, for covering a significant number of cases when the marital relationship is effectively dead, and until this concept is compressed into legislation. Finally, it is up to the Legislature to decide whether or not to include irreparable breakdown of marriage as a ground for divorce under the Hindu Marriage Act, 1955. However, the Legislature must take irretrievable breakdown of marriage into consideration.
Models and Simulations in Material Science: Two Cases Without Error Bars
Creators: name: Wenmackers, Sylvia
name: Vanpoucke, Danny E. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: History and Philosophy of Physics (physics.hist-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss two research projects in material science in which the results cannot be stated with an estimation of the error: a spectro- scopic ellipsometry study aimed at determining the orientation of DNA molecules on diamond and a scanning tunneling microscopy study of platinum-induced nanowires on germanium. To investigate the reliability of the results, we apply ideas from the philosophy of models in science. Even if the studies had reported an error value, the trustworthiness of the result would not depend on that value alone.
description: 20 pages, 2 figures
The FOCUS trial: cognitive remediation plus standard treatment versus standard treatment for patients at ultra-high risk for psychosis: study protocol for a randomised controlled trial
Creators: name: Glenthøj, Louise
name: Fagerlund, Birgitte
name: Randers, Lasse
name: Hjorthøj, Carsten
name: Wenneberg, Christina
name: Krakauer, Kristine
name: Vosgerau, Astrid
name: Gluud, Christian
name: Medalia, Alice A.
name: Roberts, David
name: Nordentoft, Merete
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2015
Subjects: Clinical psychology
Psychology--Research
Clinical trials
Psychosis

description: Background: Cognitive deficits are a distinct feature among people at ultra-high risk (UHR) for psychosis and pose a barrier to functional recovery. Insufficient evidence exists on how to ameliorate these cognitive deficits in patients at UHR for psychosis and hence improve daily living and quality of life. The aim of the trial is to investigate whether cognitive remediation can improve cognitive and psychosocial function in patients at UHR for psychosis. Methods: The FOCUS trial (Function and Overall Cognition in Ultra-high risk States) is a randomised, parallel group, observer-blinded clinical trial enrolling 126 patients meeting the standardised criteria of being at UHR for psychosis. Patients are recruited from psychiatric in- and outpatient facilities in the Copenhagen catchment area. Patients are randomised to one of the two treatment arms: cognitive remediation plus standard treatment versus standard treatment. The cognitive remediation consists of 24 weekly group-based and manualised sessions targeting neurocognition and social cognition. In addition to the group sessions, the patients will be offered 12 individual sessions aiming at maximising the transfer of the effects of the cognitive training to their everyday lives. Follow-up assessments will be conducted at 6 and 12 months after randomisation. The primary outcome is the composite score on the Brief Assessment of Cognition in Schizophrenia at cessation of treatment after 6 months. Secondary outcomes are social and daily functioning, psychosis-like symptoms, negative symptomatology, and depressive symptomatology as measured with the Personal and Social Performance Scale, Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale-Expanded Version, Scale for the Assessment of Negative Symptoms, and the Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale. Discussion: This is the first trial to evaluate the effects of neurocognitive and social cognitive remediation in UHR patients. The FOCUS trial results will provide evidence on the effect of targeted and comprehensive cognitive rehabilitation on cognition, daily living, and symptomatology as well as long-term outcome in preventing transition to psychosis in UHR patients. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT 02098408. Date of registration 18 March 2014.
Neural Network Architectures for Optical Channel Nonlinear Compensation in Digital Subcarrier Multiplexing Systems
Creators: name: Bakhshali, Ali
name: Najafi, Hossein
name: Hamgini, Behnam Behinaein
name: Zhang, Zhuhong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: In this work, we propose to use various artificial neural network (ANN) structures for modeling and compensation of intra- and inter-subcarrier fiber nonlinear interference in digital subcarrier multiplexing (DSCM) optical transmission systems. We perform nonlinear channel equalization by employing different ANN cores including convolutional neural networks (CNN) and long short-term memory (LSTM) layers. We start to compensate the fiber nonlinearity distortion in DSCM systems by a fully connected network across all subcarriers. In subsequent steps, and borrowing from fiber nonlinearity analysis, we gradually upgrade the designs towards modular structures with better performance-complexity advantages. Our study shows that putting proper macro structures in design of ANN nonlinear equalizers in DSCM systems can be crucial for practical solutions in future generations of coherent optical transceivers.
One-way deficit of SU(2) invariant states
Creators: name: Wang, Yao-Kun
name: Ma, Teng
name: Fei, Shao-Ming
name: Wang, Zhi-Xi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate analytically the one-way deficit for systems consisting spin-$j$ and spin-${1}{2}$ subsystems with SU(2) symmetry. Comparing our results with the quantum discord of SU(2) invariant states, we show that the one-way deficit is equal to the quantum discord for half-integer $j$, and is larger than the quantum discord for integer $j$. Moreover, we also compare the one-way deficit with entanglement of formation. The quantum entanglement tends to zero as $j$ increases, while the one-way deficit can remain significantly large.
description: 10 pages, 6 figures
Iron-Peak Element Abundances in Warm Very Metal-Poor Stars
Creators: name: Sneden, Christopher
name: Boesgaard, Ann Merchant
name: Cowan, John J.
name: Roederer, Ian U.
name: Hartog, Elizabeth A. Den
name: Lawler, James E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have derived new detailed abundances of Mg, Ca, and the Fe-group elements Sc through Zn (Z = 21-30) for 37 main sequence turnoff very metal-poor stars ([Fe/H] <= -2.1). We analyzed Keck HIRES optical and near-UV high signal-to-noise spectra originally gathered for a beryllium abundance survey. Using typically about 400 Fe-group lines with accurate laboratory transition probabilities for each star, we have determined accurate LTE metallicities and abundance ratios for neutral and ionized species of the 10 Fe-group elements as well as alpha elements Mg and Ca. We find good neutral/ion abundance agreement for the 6 elements that have detectable transitions of both species in our stars in the 3100-5800 Angstrom range. Earlier reports of correlated Sc-Ti-V relative overabundances are confirmed, and appear to slowly increase with decreasing metallicity. To this element trio we add Zn; it also appears to be increasingly overabundant in the lowest metallicity regimes. Co appears to mimic the behavior of Zn, but issues surrounding its abundance reliability cloud its interpretation.
description: ApJ, in press