cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Brans-Dicke gravity: from Higgs physics to (dynamical) dark energy
Creators: name: Sola, Joan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Higgs mechanism is one of the central pieces of the Standard Model of electroweak interactions and thanks to it we can generate the masses of the elementary particles. Its fundamental origin is nonetheless unknown. Furthermore, in order to preserve renormalizability we have to break the gauge symmetry spontaneously, what leads to a huge induced cosmological constant incompatible with observations. It turns out that in the context of generalized Brans-Dicke theories of gravity the Higgs potential structure can be motivated from solutions of the field equations which carry harmless cosmological vacuum energy. In addition, the late time cosmic evolution effectively appears like an universe filled with mildly evolving dynamical dark energy mimicking quintessence or phantom dark energy.
description: Version accepted for publication in Int. J. of Mod. Phys. D. This essay received an Honorable Mention from the Gravity Research Foundation Awards Essays on Gravitation (2018). Extended presentation, references added, typos corrected
title: ADCO, Comptes du Petit-Cîteaux (1477-1491) (11 H 1179), f. 00531
Creators: name: de la Côte d'Or, Archives départementales
name: Petot, Frédéric
name: Archives Départementales De La Côte-D'Or
name: Archives Départementales De La Côte D'Or
name: Petot, Frédérique
name: Projet CBMA
name: CBMA/CG21/F.PETOT/2019
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Chartes de la Bourgogne du Moyen Âge
subject: cartulaire
subject: comptes
subject: LaMOP
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris
subject: Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi

description: Comptes du Petit-Cîteaux (1477-1491), Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, (11 H 1179). Numérisation en mode image.
description: Relation: http://www.cbma-project.eu/
description: Bibliographic citation: Comptes du Petit-Cîteaux (1477-1491), Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, (11 H 1179), f. 00531, in Projet CBMA - Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi [Ressource en ligne], https://manuscrits.cbma-project.eu/
description: Provenance: https://www.geonames.org/3024876
description: Provenance: http://www.idref.fr/030974844/id
description: Provenance: https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12228351v
description: Provenance: abbaye de Cîteaux
description: Provenance: http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q843261
Calculated optical properties of Co in ZnO: internal and ionization transitions
Creators: name: Ciechan, A.
name: Bogusławski, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Previous luminescence and absorption experiments in Co-doped ZnO revealed two ionization and one intrashell transition of $d(\textrm{Co}^{2+})$ electrons. Those optical properties are analyzed within the generalized gradient approximation to the density functional theory. The two ionization channels involve electron excitations from the two $\textrm{Co}^{2+}$ gap states, the $t_{2\uparrow}$ triplet and the $e_{2\downarrow}$ doublet, to the conduction band. The third possible ionization channel, in which an electron is excited from the valence band to the $\textrm{Co}^{2+}$ level, requires energy in excess of 4~eV, and cannot lead to absorption below the ZnO band gap, contrary to earlier suggestions. We also consider two recombination channels, the direct recombination and a two-step process, in which a photoelectron is captured by $\textrm{Co}^{3+}$ and then recombines via the internal transition. Finally, the observed increase the band gap with the Co concentration is well reproduced by theory. The accurate description of ZnO:Co is achieved after including $+U$ corrections to the relevant orbitals of Zn, O, and Co. The $+U(\textrm{Co})$ value was calculated by the linear response approach, and independently was obtained by fitting the calculated transition energies to the optical data. The respective values, 3.4 and 3.0~eV, agree well. Ionization of Co induces large energy shifts of the gap levels, driven by the varying Coulomb coupling between the $d(\textrm{Co})$ electrons, and by large lattice relaxations around Co ions. In turn, over $\sim 1$~eV changes of $\textrm{Co}^{2+}$ levels induced by the internal transition are mainly caused by the occupation-dependent $U(\textrm{Co})$ corrections.
description: 10 pages, 7 figures
Coracias Linnaeus, 1758, gen. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1758
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Aves
Coraciiformes
Coraciidae
Coracias

description: Coracias [gen. nov.]
Rostrum cultratum apice incurvato, basi pennis denudatum.
Lingua cartilaginea, befida.
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1758, Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on page 107, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.542, http://zenodo.org/record/3922206
Dorylaimus uniformis Thorne 1929, n. sp.
Creators: name: Thorne, Gerald
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1929
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Nematoda
Chromadorea
Rhabditida
Criconematidae
Dorylaimus
Dorylaimus uniformis

description: Dorylaimus uniformis n. sp.
Diagnosis:
 The uniformly separated supplementary organs of the male distinguish it from practically all other Dorylaims. The two circlets of cephalic papillae differentiate it from D. alpinus Steiner (7) which has only one circlet. It may be identical with the form described by Seiner (8) as D. acnticandatus. Lips not set off by constriction. General body characters quite similar to D. carteri.
Esophagus enlarged in posterior half. Vulva conspicuous. Front ovary on the left, the rear on the right, side of the body and reﬂexed half their length. The prerectum is about twice as long as the rectum. The number of male preanal papillae varies from fourteen to eighteen on the specimens examined.
Numerous specimens in the collection. Fig. 6 a-c.
description: Published as part of Thorne, Gerald, 1929, Nematodes from the Summit of Long's Peak, Colorado, pp. 181 in Transactions of the American Microscopical Society 48 (2) on page 186, DOI: 10.2307/3222211, http://zenodo.org/record/10797374
RXTE Spectral Observations of the 1996-97 Outburst of the Microquasar GRO J1655-40
Creators: name: Sobczak, Gregory J.
name: McClintock, Jeffrey E.
name: Remillard, Ronald A.
name: Bailyn, Charles D.
name: Orosz, Jerome A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Excellent coverage of the entire 16-month 1996-97 outburst cycle of GRO J1655-40 was provided by RXTE. We present a full spectral analysis of these data, which includes 52 PCA spectra from 2.5-20 keV and HEXTE spectra above 20 keV. We also include a nearly continuous ASM light curve with several intensity measurements per day. The data are interpreted in the context of the multicolor blackbody disk/power-law model. The source is observed in the very high, high/soft, and low/hard outburst states. During the very high state, the source exhibits intense hard flares on time scales of hours to days which are correlated with changes in both the fitted temperature and radius of the inner accretion disk. During the high/soft state, the spectrum is dominated by the soft thermal emission from the accretion disk with spectral parameters that suggest approximately constant inner disk radius and temperature. We find that a tight relationship exists between the observed inner radius of the disk and the flux in the power-law component. During intense hard flares, the inner disk radius is observed to decrease by as much as a factor of three on a time scale of days. The apparent decrease of the inner disk radius observed during the flares may be due to the failure of the multicolor disk model caused by a steepening of the radial temperature profile in the disk coupled with increased spectral hardening and not physical changes of the inner disk radius. Assuming that our spectral model is valid during periods of weak power-law emission, our most likely value for the inner disk radius implies a* < 0.7. Such a low value for the black hole angular momentum is inconsistent with the relativistic frame dragging and the `diskoseismic' models as interpretations for the 300 Hz X-ray QPO seen during some of these RXTE observations.
description: 34 pages including 9 figures and 3 tables. Accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal. Our interpretation of the data and the main conclusions have been significantly revised
Conversion of neutron stars to strange stars as an origin of gamma-ray bursts
Creators: name: Cheng, K. S.
name: Dai, Z. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper argues that conversion of neutron stars to strange stars as an origin of cosmological stars in the binaries with low-mass companions. Our model may provide an explanation why the binary millisecond pulsars seem to have same low magnetic fields.
description: 3 pages
Unmasking Gender Bias in Recommendation Systems and Enhancing Category-Aware Fairness
Creators: name: Kheya, Tahsin Alamgir
name: Bouadjenek, Mohamed Reda
name: Aryal, Sunil
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Recommendation systems are now an integral part of our daily lives. We rely on them for tasks such as discovering new movies, finding friends on social media, and connecting job seekers with relevant opportunities. Given their vital role, we must ensure these recommendations are free from societal stereotypes. Therefore, evaluating and addressing such biases in recommendation systems is crucial. Previous work evaluating the fairness of recommended items fails to capture certain nuances as they mainly focus on comparing performance metrics for different sensitive groups. In this paper, we introduce a set of comprehensive metrics for quantifying gender bias in recommendations. Specifically, we show the importance of evaluating fairness on a more granular level, which can be achieved using our metrics to capture gender bias using categories of recommended items like genres for movies. Furthermore, we show that employing a category-aware fairness metric as a regularization term along with the main recommendation loss during training can help effectively minimize bias in the models' output. We experiment on three real-world datasets, using five baseline models alongside two popular fairness-aware models, to show the effectiveness of our metrics in evaluating gender bias. Our metrics help provide an enhanced insight into bias in recommended items compared to previous metrics. Additionally, our results demonstrate how incorporating our regularization term significantly improves the fairness in recommendations for different categories without substantial degradation in overall recommendation performance.
The stellar content of 10 dwarf irregular galaxies
Creators: name: Schulte-Ladbeck, Regina E.
name: Hopp, Ulrich
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine the stellar content of 10 dwarf irregular galaxies of which broad-band CCD photometry was published in Hopp & Schulte-Ladbeck (1995). We also present Halpha images for several of these galaxies. The galaxies in the sample are located outside of the Local Group. Yet, they are still close enough to be resolved into single stars from the ground but only the brightest stars (or star clusters) are detected and there is severe crowding. The sample galaxies were selected to be isolated from massive neighbors; about half of them are (mostly peripheral) members of groups, the other half is located in the field. We discuss the vicinity of the sample galaxies to other dwarf galaxies. In order to interpret single-star photometry and draw conclusions about the stellar content or other distance-dependent quantities, it is crucial that accurate distances to the galaxies be known. The distances to the sample galaxies are not well known since all but one have not had a primary distance indicator measured. We make an attempt to constrain the distances by identifying the envelope of the brightest supergiants in B, B-R and R, B-R color-magnitude diagrams, but the results are not very accurate (we estimate the minimal error on the distance modulus is 1.36 mag). Nevertheless, the fact that the sample galaxies are resolved with direct ground-based imaging indicates that they are sufficiently nearby to represent good candidates for observations with instruments that provide high spatial resolution, e.g., adaptive optics systems on large ground-based telescopes, or the Hubble Space Telescope. ...
description: 56 pages, 4 tables, 35 figures, The Astronomical Journal, accepted
Dissipation Enhancement by Mixing
Creators: name: Feng, Yuanyuan
name: Iyer, Gautam
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 76F25 (primary), 37A25, 76R50 (Secondary)

description: We quantitatively study the interaction between diffusion and mixing in both the continuous, and discrete time setting. In discrete time, we consider a mixing dynamical system interposed with diffusion. In continuous time, we consider the advection diffusion equation where the advecting vector field is assumed to be sufficiently mixing. The main results of this paper estimate the dissipation time and energy decay based on an assumption quantifying the mixing rate.
Relativistic Runge-Lenz vector: from ${\cal N}=4$ SYM to SO(4) scalar field theory
Creators: name: Alvarez-Jimenez, J.
name: Cortese, I.
name: García, J. Antonio
name: Gutiérrez-Ruiz, D.
name: Vergara, J. David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Starting from ${\cal N}=4$ SYM and using an appropriate Higgs mechanism we reconsider the construction of a scalar field theory non-minimally coupled to a Coulomb potential with a relativistic SO(4) symmetry and check for scalar field consistency conditions. This scalar field theory can also be obtained from a relativistic particle Lagrangian with a proper implementation of the non-minimal coupling. We provide the generalization of the non-relativistic construction of the Runge-Lenz vector to the relativistic case and show explicitly that this new vector generates the SO(4) algebra. Using the power of the SO(4) symmetry, we calculate the relativistic hydrogen atom spectrum. We provide a generalization of the Kustaanheimo-Stiefel transformation to the relativistic case and relate our results with the corresponding relativistic oscillator. Finally, in the light of these results, we reconsider the calculation of the hydrogen atom spectrum from the cusp anomalous dimension given in [2].
description: 17 pages. Enhaced version matching the published JHEP version. Typos corrected. The argument of concistence at the end of section 2 was corrected
The Diffuse Gamma-Ray Background from Supernovae
Creators: name: Watanabe, K.
name: Hartmann, D. H.
name: Leising, M. D.
name: The, L. -S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Cosmic Gamma-ray Background (CGB) in the MeV region is believed to be due to photons from radioactivity produced in SNe throughout the history of galaxies in the universe. In particular, gamma-ray line emission from the decay chain 56Ni-> 56Co->56Fe provides the dominant photon source. Although iron synthesis occurs in all types of SNe, the contribution to the CGB is dominated by SNIa events due to their higher photon escape probabilities. Estimates of the star formation history in the universe suggest a rapid increase by a factor \~ 10 from the present to a redshift z_p ~ 1.5, beyond which it either remains constant or decreases slowly. We integrate the observed star formation history to determine the CGB from the corresponding SN rate history. In addition to gamma-rays from short-lived radioactivity in SNIa and SNII/Ibc we also calculate the minor contributions from long-lived radioactivities (26Al, 44Ti, 60Co, and electron-positron pair annihilation). Although progenitor evolution for SNIa is not yet fully understood, various arguments suggest delays of order 1-2 Gy between star formation and the production of SNIa's. The effect of this delay on the CGB is discussed. We emphasize the value of gamma-ray observations of the CGB in the MeV range as an independent tool for studies of the cosmic star formation history. If the delay between star formation and SNIa activity exceeds 1 Gy substantially, and/or the peak of the cosmic star formation rate occurs at a redshift much larger than unity, the gamma-ray production of SNIa would be insufficient to explain the observed CGB. Alternatively, the cosmic star formation rate would have to be higher (by a factor 2-3) than commonly assumed, which is in accord with several upward revisions reported in the recent literature.
description: Minor changes, 26 pages, 9 figures, Accepted by ApJ
Dorylaimus carteri Bastian 1865
Creators: name: Thorne, Gerald
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1929
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Nematoda
Chromadorea
Rhabditida
Criconematidae
Dorylaimus
Dorylaimus carteri

description: Dorylaimus carteri Bastian, 1865.   This species is quite generally distributed in mountain soils. About thirty specimens are in the Longs Peak collection, the females apparently being identical to the type form. However only one male was present whereas males usually are about as numerous as the females. The tail of this specimen bore thickened areas between the preanal papillae that are not present in the type form. Fig. 7 c.
Posterior half of esophagus enlarged to three-ﬁfths the neck width. Carida elongate-conoid. Front ovary on the right, the rear on the left, side of the body; they are reﬂexed one-half to two-thirds their length. Prerectum twice as long as the rectum. Fig. 7 a-c
description: Published as part of Thorne, Gerald, 1929, Nematodes from the Summit of Long's Peak, Colorado, pp. 181 in Transactions of the American Microscopical Society 48 (2) on pages 186-187, DOI: 10.2307/3222211, http://zenodo.org/record/10797374
Multifaceted training and readiness to respond to family violence: A prospective cohort evaluation
Creators: name: Withiel, TD
name: Sheridan, S
name: Rushan, C
name: Fisher, Caroline
Publisher: name: La Trobe
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 4203
subject: Health services and systems
classificationCode: 4205
subject: Nursing
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Background: As frontline healthcare workers, there is a growing expectation that nurses should be able to respond to disclosures of family violence. However, the profession and hospital systems have been slow to respond with clear skills, knowledge and confidence deficits identified in existing research. There is limited research which has robustly evaluated the effectiveness of in-depth, multifaceted training on readiness to respond among nurses. Aim: To longitudinally evaluate the effectiveness of an in-depth family violence training intervention on confidence, knowledge and clinical skills of nurses working in a large tertiary adult hospital. Design: Single-centre, longitudinal intervention study. Strengthening the Reporting of Observational studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) cross-sectional guidelines were used. Methods: One hundred and ten nursing clinicians participated in this study to complete a comprehensive evidence-based model of healthcare workers response for assisting patients experiencing family violence. A mixed methods survey was used to assess change in knowledge, confidence and clinical skills among participants. Outcome assessment was electronically undertaken at baseline, 6–9 months and 12–15 months following intervention. Results: Statistically significant improvement was seen in self-reported knowledge, confidence and frequency of screening for family violence. Relative to baseline estimates, these improvements were identified 6–9 months and 12–15 months following intervention; albeit with consideration to the visually observed trend of skill reversion at follow-up. Quantitative findings were paralleled by qualitatively identified improvements in the recognition of the intersectional nature of violence, need for patient collaboration in screening and depth in considerations around how family violence is screened for. Conclusions: Findings provide tentative support for the utility of a multidimensional training approach to improving nurses' readiness to respond to disclosures of family violence.
Additional file 1 of Researchers’ perspectives on methodological challenges and outcomes selection in interventional studies targeting medication adherence in rheumatic diseases: an OMERACT-adherence study
Creators: name: Salmasi, Shahrzad
name: Kelly, Ayano
name: Bartlett, Susan J.
name: de Wit, Maarten
name: March, Lyn
name: Tong, Allison
name: Tugwell, Peter
name: Tymms, Kathleen
name: Verstappen, Suzanne
name: De Vera, Mary A.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases

description: Additional file 1. Interview guide.
Electric Aharonov-Bohm effect without a loop in a Cooper pair box
Creators: name: Kim, Young-Wan
name: Kang, Kicheon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We predict the force-free scalar Aharonov-Bohm effect of a Cooper pair box in an electric field at a distance without forming a closed path of the interfering charges. The superposition of different charge states plays a major role in eliminating the closed loop, which is distinct from the original topological Aharonov-Bohm effect. The phase shift is determined by the charge-state-dependent local field interaction energy. In addition, our proposed setup does not require a pulse experiment for fast switching of a potential, which eliminates the major experimental obstacle for observing the ideal electric Aharonov-Bohm effect.
description: 14 pages, 7 figures
Gravitational Lenses and the Structure of Galaxies
Creators: name: Kochanek, C. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Nearly singular isothermal mass distributions with small core radii are consistent with stellar dynamics, lens statistics, and lens models as a model for E/S0 galaxies. Models like the de Vaucouleurs model with a constant mass-to-light ratio are not. While the isothermal distributions are probably an oversimplification, E/S0 galaxies (at least in projection) must have significant amounts of dark matter on scales of an effective radius.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures, uuencoded compressed postscript Paper to appear in ``Astrophysical Applications of Gravitational Lensing'' IAU Symposium 173, eds. C.S. Kochanek \& J.N. Hewitt (Kluwer: Dordrecht) 183
BUILDING A DIALOGUE BETWEEN RESEARCHERS AND SMALL FARMERS: THE TOCANTINS AGRO-ECOLOGY CENTRE (CAT) IN BRAZIL
Creators: name: Muchagata, Marcia
name: Reynal, Vincent De
name: Veiga, Iran
name: Muchagata, Marcia
name: Reynal, Vincent De
name: Veiga, Iran
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1994
Subjects: Institutional and Behavioral Economics

description: The general objective of CAT (Tocantins Agro-ecology Centre) working in a Brazilian Amazonia frontier region, is to improve the living conditions of low income farmers. It is based upon a liaison between researchers and farmers' organisations. After five years of operation, we have noted that these organisations' participation in the direction of the programme, and especially the research itself, develop in the way that was hoped. Firstly, the small farmers' organisations are going through a transition period which is reflected both in their practices and in their self-identity. They are having problems drawing up proposals which would attract more small farmers. Secondly, the research team needs to develop more sensitive scientific tools to build a dialogue with farmers. We analysed the obstacles to this dialogue. Starting from the principle that the process of development of knowledge can be stimulated by discussion among small farmers, and between small farmers and researchers, an attempt was made to set up a process which encouraged dialogue between the world of research and the world of development.
Additional file 2 of Researchers’ perspectives on methodological challenges and outcomes selection in interventional studies targeting medication adherence in rheumatic diseases: an OMERACT-adherence study
Creators: name: Salmasi, Shahrzad
name: Kelly, Ayano
name: Bartlett, Susan J.
name: de Wit, Maarten
name: March, Lyn
name: Tong, Allison
name: Tugwell, Peter
name: Tymms, Kathleen
name: Verstappen, Suzanne
name: De Vera, Mary A.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases

description: Additional file 2. The COREQ checklist.
Deprojection of Axially Symmetric Objects
Creators: name: Kochanek, C. S.
name: Rybicki, G. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The deprojection of axisymmetric density distributions is generally indeterminate to within the addition of certain axisymmetric distributions (konus densities) that are invisible in projection. The known class of konus densities is expanded considerably here through the introduction of {\em semikonus functions}. These functions are closed with respect to multiplication in ordinary space, and the real part of an arbitrary polynomial of semikonus functions is a konus function. This property facilitates the construction of semikonus (and konus) functions with tailored properties, such as asymptotic forms. We also develop a simple technique for constructing several classes of konus distributions with arbitrary density profiles in the equatorial plane.
description: 17 pages, 3 figures, uuencoded gzip compressed postscript Submitted to MNRAS
Evaluation of the duty ratio of bacterial flagellar motor by a dynamic load control
Creators: name: Sato, Kento
name: Nakamura, Shuichi
name: Kudo, Seishi
name: Toyabe, Shoichi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Bacterial flagellar motor is one of the most complex and sophisticated nano machineries in nature. A duty ratio $D$ is a fraction of time that the stator and the rotor interact and is a fundamental property to characterize the motor but remains to be determined. It is known that the stator units of the motor bind to and dissociate from the motor dynamically to control the motor torque depending on the load on the motor. At low load where the kinetics such as a proton translocation speed limits the rotation rate, the dependency of the rotation rate on the number of stator units $N$ infers $D$; the dependency becomes larger for smaller $D$. Contradicting observations supporting both the small and large $D$ have been reported. A dilemma is that it is difficult to explore a broad range of $N$ at low load because the stator units easily dissociate, and $N$ is limited to one or two at vanishing load. Here, we develop an electrorotation method to dynamically control the load on the flagellar motor of {\it Salmonella} with a calibrated magnitude of the torque. By instantly reducing the load for keeping $N$ high, we observed that the speed at low load depends on $N$, implying a small duty ratio. We recovered the torque-speed curves of individual motors and evaluated the duty ratio to be $0.14 \pm 0.04$ from the correlation between the torque at high load and the rotation rate at low load.
description: 12 pages, 6 figures. Title was changed from the previous version
Less Talk, More Trust: Understanding Players' In-game Assessment of Communication Processes in League of Legends
Creators: name: Lee, Juhoon
name: Kim, Seoyoung
name: Park, Yeon Su
name: Kim, Juho
name: Jang, Jeong-woo
name: Seering, Joseph
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In-game team communication in online multiplayer games has shown the potential to foster efficient collaboration and positive social interactions. Yet players often associate communication within ad hoc teams with frustration and wariness. Though previous works have quantitatively analyzed communication patterns at scale, few have identified the motivations of how a player makes in-the-moment communication decisions. In this paper, we conducted an observation study with 22 League of Legends players by interviewing them during Solo Ranked games on their use of four in-game communication media (chat, pings, emotes, votes). We performed thematic analysis to understand players' in-context assessment and perception of communication attempts. We demonstrate that players evaluate communication opportunities on proximate game states bound by player expectations and norms. Our findings illustrate players' tendency to view communication, regardless of its content, as a precursor to team breakdowns. We build upon these findings to motivate effective player-oriented communication design in online games.
description: 17 pages, 2 figures, Accepted by ACM CHI 2025
Dorylaimellus hopedorus Thorne 1929, n. sp.
Creators: name: Thorne, Gerald
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1929
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Nematoda
Enoplea
Dorylaimida
Belondiridae
Dorylaimellus
Dorylaimellus hopedorus

description: Dorylaimellus hopedorus n. sp.   Diagnosis:
 This species differs from Dorylaimellus virginianus the type, and only species described, in that the basal third of the spear is made up of six sections. Fig. 8 b. The short hemispherical tail is very different from the conoid tail of the type species.
The body is marked by excessively ﬁne striae. There are no wings. The convex-conoid neck ends in a slightly set off lip region bearing two circlets of low innervated papillae. The broad amphids are stirrup-form with deep inner extensions leading to sensilla pouches. Fig. 8 a. The spear is of three parts——the anterior a cylindrical, straight, heavily cutinized section twice as long as the width of the lip region, a second cylindrical less cutinized part ﬁve-eights as long as the ﬁrst and a basal portion as long as the second part but only slightly cutinized. When viewed in cross section this basal portion is found to be made up of six sections. Fig. 8 b. The esophagus is slightly narrowed at ﬁrst then expands in an elongate bulb followed by a tube about one-third the neck width that suddenly expands near the middle to form the basal portion which is three-ﬁfths as wide as the neck. The conoid cardia is one-ﬁfth the body width and submerged in the intestine. The intestine is about four cells in circumference and often is green in color, doubtless due to the vegetable matter on which the nema feeds. From the depressed vulva the cutinized vagina leads half way across the body. The two symmetrical ovaries are reﬂexed half their length the front being on the right, the rear on the left, side of the body. The eggs are one and one-half times as long as the body width and one third as wide as long. As many as four may occur at one time. From the slightly depressed anus the rectum leads forward, being about one anal body diameter in length. The prerectum is about three times as long as the rectum. Pores lie somewhat past the middle of the tail. Fig. 8 a-c.
 Very numerous in the collections. This may be related to Dorylaimus macrodorus deMan.
 This species is placed in Dorylaimellus only tentatively. A study is being made of this and several other related species and it may be necessary to establish a new genus to receive them.
description: Published as part of Thorne, Gerald, 1929, Nematodes from the Summit of Long's Peak, Colorado, pp. 181 in Transactions of the American Microscopical Society 48 (2) on pages 187-188, DOI: 10.2307/3222211, http://zenodo.org/record/10797374
FRAGMENTS AND SENTIMENTS: WHY IS 'THE COMMUNITY' THE FOCUS OF DEVELOPMENT?
Creators: name: Blench, Roger
name: Blench, Roger
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1998
Subjects: Community/Rural/Urban Development

description: The growth of 'the community' as a inajor focus of development through which collective social action can take place has spread rapidly through development ideology since the 1970s. Yet the existence of communities and their structure and degree of coherence is an empirical matter, to be described through ethnography, rather than something that can be assumed a priori. The paper takes the view that uniform notions of community are often imposed on diverse rural populations both for administrative convenience and for sentimental reasons: outsiders would like to see communities in the developing world precisely because they appear to have become fragmented in the North. To this end they may find it necessary to construct communities where none exist through various 'participatory' approaches. The reasons why communities may not exist are diverse: this may be the result of climatic uncertainties and thus a patchy resource base; it may result froin war and insecurity,. or it may simply reflect changing economic opportunities. Individuals and households are obliged to seek subsistence opportunistically and cannot afford the luxury of a stable community. The paper takes the example of the situation in the Rwenya Basin in north east Zimbabwe, where elements of all the above factors are present, to suggest that interventions can only be effective when the notion of community is deconstructed and a greater level of ethnographic realism is introduced.
$f(Q)$ gravitational theory and its structure via red-shift
Creators: name: Nashed, G. G. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a novel approach for reconstructing the $f(Q)$ gravitational theory using parameterizations of the deceleration parameter or alternative options. This method enables the development of modified gravity scenarios that align with cosmological observations. We analyze two deceleration parameter models and one effective equation of state model from the literature. By leveraging the matter density parameter's asymptotic behaviour, we further refine the viable parameter space for these models. One tested model demonstrates that even slight modifications can yield viable cosmic scenarios, where the dark energy (DE) sector becomes dynamic and is entirely described instead of using a cosmological constant, we use modified gravity. These scenarios are qualitatively distinct yet quantitatively consistent with $Λ$CDM.
description: 18 pages, 5 figures and 3 tables
Flows on scales of 150 Mpc?
Creators: name: Müller, K. R.
name: Freudling, W.
name: Watkins, R.
name: Wegner, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the reality of large-scale streaming on scales of up to 150 Mpc using the peculiar motions of galaxies in three directions. New R-band CCD photometry and spectroscopy for elliptical galaxies is used. The Fundamental Plane distance indicator is calibrated using the Coma cluster and an inhomogeneous Malmquist bias correction is applied. A linear bulk-flow model is fitted to the peculiar velocities in the sample regions and the results do not reflect the bulk flow observed by Lauer and Postman (LP). Accounting for the difference in geometry between the galaxy distribution in the three regions and the LP clustersconfirms the disagreement; assuming a low-density CDM power spectrum, we find that the observed bulk flow of the galaxies in our sample excludes the LP bulk flow at the 99.8% confidence level.
description: 16 pages, 1 figure
A new electron-multiplier-tube-based beam monitor for muon monitoring at the T2K experiment
Creators: name: Ashida, Yosuke
name: Friend, Megan
name: Ichikawa, Atsuko
name: Ishida, Taku
name: Kubo, Hajime
name: Nakamura, Keigo
name: Sakashita, Ken
name: Uno, Wataru
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Muon beam monitoring is indispensable for indirectly monitoring accelerator-produced neutrino beams in real time. Though Si photodiodes and ionization chambers have been successfully used as muon monitors at the T2K experiment, sensors that are more radiation tolerant are desired for future operation. We have investigated the electron-multiplier tube (EMT) as a new sensor for muon monitoring. Secondary electrons produced by the passage of muons at dynodes are multiplied in the tube and produce signal. Two prototype detectors were installed at the T2K muon monitor location, and various EMT properties were studied based on in situ data taken with the T2K muon beam. The signal size is as expected based on calculation, and the EMTs show a sufficiently fast time response for bunch-by-bunch beam monitoring. The spill-by-spill intensity resolution is 0.4%, better than the required value (1%). Signal linearity within $\pm$1% is achieved at proton beam powers up to 460 kW (with +250 kA focusing horn operation). A gradual signal decrease was observed during the initial exposure, due to the stabilization of dynode materials, before the response became stable within $\pm$1%. This work demonstrates that EMTs are a good candidate for future muon monitoring at T2K, and may also have other more general applications.
description: 23 pages, 20 figures, 6 tables
Entanglement of Purification for Multipartite States and its Holographic Dual
Creators: name: Umemoto, Koji
name: Zhou, Yang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce a new information-theoretic measure of multipartite quantum/classical correlations $Δ_P$, by generalizing the entanglement of purification to multipartite states. We provide proofs of its various properties, focusing on several entropic inequalities, in generic quantum systems. In particular, it turns out that the multipartite entanglement of purification gives an upper bound on multipartite mutual information, which is a generalization of quantum mutual information in the spirit of relative entropy. After that, motivated by a tensor network description of the AdS/CFT correspondence, we also define a holographic dual of multipartite entanglement of purification $Δ_W$, as a sum of minimal areas of codimension-2 surfaces which divide the entanglement wedge into multi-pieces. We prove that this geometrical quantity satisfies all properties we proved for the multipartite entanglement of purification. These agreements strongly support the $Δ_{P}=Δ_{W}$ conjecture. We also show that the multipartite entanglement of purification gives an upper bound on multipartite squashed entanglement, which is a promising measure of multipartite quantum entanglement. We discuss potential saturation of multipartite squashed entanglement onto multipartite mutual information in holographic CFTs and its applications.
description: 30 pages, 11 figures, v2:comments and references added, section 4 is moved to appendix A, published version
Nygolaiius hartingii, nom. nov.
Creators: name: Thorne, Gerald
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1929
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Nematoda
Dorylaimida
Nygolaimidae
Nygolaiius
Nygolaiius hartingii

description: Nygolaiius hartingii (deMan) nom. nov.
 Sixteen specimens of this agile, little predacious species are in the collection. They correspond very closely to the European form described by deMan under the name Dorylaimus hartingii (5), which has been found to belong to the Genus Nygolaimus (9).
Transverse striae excessively ﬁne. The lip region is almost continuous with the body contour and bears two circlets of obscure papillae. Tooth as long as the width of the lip region. Posterior three-ﬁfths of the esophagus enlarged but irregular in diameter. There are three conspicuous glands located at the cardic constriction. A pair of long slender organs are located dorsally in the body and these crowd the anterior end of the intestine. Fig. 9 b. The symmetrical ovaries are reﬂexed nearly to the vulva. Eggs two-thirds as wide as the body and two and one-half times as long as wide. Prerectum about three times as long as the rectum. The acute, ventrally bent tail is characteristic of this species.
Fig. 9a. Head from dorsal view. 9b. Cardiac region. 9 c. Vulva region. 93. Tail.
description: Published as part of Thorne, Gerald, 1929, Nematodes from the Summit of Long's Peak, Colorado, pp. 181 in Transactions of the American Microscopical Society 48 (2) on pages 188-189, DOI: 10.2307/3222211, http://zenodo.org/record/10797374
The SL(K+3,C) Symmetry of the Bosonic String Scattering Amplitudes
Creators: name: Lai, Sheng-Hong
name: Lee, Jen-Chi
name: Yang, Yi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discover that the exact string scattering amplitudes (SSA) of three tachyons and one arbitrary string state, or the Lauricella SSA (LSSA), in the 26D open bosonic string theory can be expressed in terms of the basis functions in the infinite dimensional representation space of the SL(K+3,C) group. In addition, we find that the K+2 recurrence relations among the LSSA discovered by the present authors previously can be used to reproduce the Cartan subalgebra and simple root system of the SL(K+3,C) group with rank K+2. As a result, the SL(K+3,C) group can be used to solve all the LSSA and express them in terms of one amplitude. As an application in the hard scattering limit, the SL(K+3,C) group can be used to directly prove Gross conjecture [1-3], which was previously corrected and proved by the method of decoupling of zero norm states [4-10].
description: 19 pages, no figure. v2: 20 pages, typos corrected and Eqs. added. v3: 24 pages, Examples in sec. II added,"Discussion" added, to be published in Nucl.Phys.B
Is There A Cosmological Constant?
Creators: name: Kochanek, C. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present limits on the cosmological constant from the statistics of gravitational lenses using newly completed quasar surveys, new lens data, and a range of lens models. The formal limit is $λ_0 < 0.66$ at 95\% confidence in flat cosmologies, including the statistical uncertainties in the number of lenses, galaxies, quasars, and the parameters relating galaxy luminosities to dynamical variables. The limit holds for either softened isothermal or de Vaucouleurs models of the lens galaxies, suggesting that the radial mass distribution in the lens galaxy is not a significant systematic uncertainty. The cosmological limits are unaffected by adding a small core radius to the isothermal lens models or by the luminosity of the lens galaxy. Inconsistent models of the effects of a core radius make significant errors in the cosmological constraints. Extinction in E/S0 galaxies can significantly reduce the limits on the cosmological constant, but changing the expected number of lenses by a factor of two requires a minimum of 100 times more dust than is observed locally in E/S0 galaxies. Rapid evolution of the lenses is the most promising means of evading these limits. However, a viable model must not only reduce the expected number of lenses but do so without significantly altering the average image separations, magnitudes, redshifts, and the relative properties of optically and radio selected lenses.
description: 41 pages, 11 pages, uuencoded, gzip compressed postscript. Submitted to the Astrophysical Journal
Star Formation and Chemical Evolution in Damped Lya Clouds
Creators: name: Malaney, R. A.
name: Chaboyer, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using the redshift evolution of the neutral hydrogen density, as inferred from observations of damped Ly$α$ clouds, we calculate the evolution of star formation rates and elemental abundances in the universe. For most observables our calculations are in rough agreement with previous results based on the instantaneous re-cycling approximation (IRA). However, for the key metallicity tracer Zn, we find a better match to the observed abundance at high redshift than that given by the constant-yield IRA model. We investigate whether the redshift evolution of deuterium, depressions in the diffuse extragalactic gamma-ray background, and measurement of the MeV neutrino background may help determine if observational bias due to dust obscuration is important. We also indicate how the importance of dust on the calculations can be significantly reduced if correlations of the HI column density with metallicity are present. The possibilities for measuring $q_o$ with observations of elemental abundances in damped Ly$α$ systems are discussed.
description: 12 pages, tex, 9 figures available by anon ftp at ftp://ftp.cita.utoronto.ca/ftp/cita/malaney/figure1.ps (thro figure8.ps)
Pre-seismic ionospheric anomalies detected before the 2016 Taiwan earthquake
Creators: name: Goto, Shin-itiro
name: Uchida, Ryoma
name: Igarashi, Kiyoshi
name: Chen, Chia-Hung
name: Kao, Minghui
name: Umeno, Ken
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: On Feb. 5 2016 (UTC), an earthquake with moment magnitude 6.4 occurred in southern Taiwan, known as the 2016 (Southern) Taiwan earthquake. In this study, evidences of seismic earthquake precursors for this earthquake event are investigated. Results show that ionospheric anomalies in Total Electric Content (TEC) can be observed before the earthquake. These anomalies were obtained by processing TEC data, where such TEC data are calculated from phase delays of signals observed at densely arranged ground-based stations in Taiwan for Global Navigation Satellite Systems. This shows that such anomalies were detected within 1 hour before the event.