cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
High incidence and remission of reported food hypersensitivity in Swedish children followed from 8 to 12 years of age – a population based cohort study
Creators: name: Winberg, Anna
name: Strinnholm, Åsa
name: Hedman, Linnea
name: West, Christina
name: Perzanowski, Matthew S
name: Rönmark, Eva
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2014
Subjects: Children
Food intolerance
Medical sciences

description: Background: Few population-based cohort studies have examined reported food hypersensitivity longitudinally. We investigated prevalence, incidence and remission of perceived food hypersensitivity among schoolchildren from 8 to 12 years of age, and risk factors associated with incidence and remission. Methods: A population-based cohort including all 7–8 year-old children in three Swedish towns was recruited in 2006. A total of 2,585 (96% of invited) children participated in a parental questionnaire. The children in two of the towns, n = 1,700 (90% of invited) also participated in skin-prick-testing with airborne allergens. The cohort was followed using the same methods at 11–12 years of age. At study follow up, specific IgE to foods was analyzed in a randomized subset of children (n = 652). Results: The prevalence of perceived food hypersensitivity increased from 21% at 8 years to 26% at 12 years of age. During this four-year-period, the cumulative incidence of food hypersensitivity was high (15%), as was remission (33%). This pattern was particularly evident for hypersensitivity to cow´s milk, while the incidence of hypersensitivity to other foods was lower. Female sex, allergic heredity, current rhinitis and allergic sensitization were associated with the incidence of food hypersensitivity and allergic sensitization was negatively associated with remission. Risk-factor-patterns for both incidence and remission were different for hypersensitivity to milk compared with hypersensitivity to other foods. Generally, the agreement between reported food hypersensitivity and IgE-sensitization to the implicated food was poor. Conclusions: In this longitudinal, population-based cohort-study perceived food hypersensitivity was common among children between ages 8 and 12, often transient and not well correlated with food-specific IgE. While these findings suggest an overestimated prevalence of food hypersensitivity, the public-health-significance remains high as they reflect the perceived reality to which the children adapt their life and food intakes.
Diplomys rufodorsalis
Creators: name: Honacki, James H.
name: Kinman, Kenneth E.
name: Koeppl, James W.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1982
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Rodentia
Echimyidae
Diplomys
Diplomys rufodorsalis

description: Diplomys rufodorsalis (J. A. Allen, 1899). Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 12: 197. TYPE LOCALITY: Colombia, Magdalena Dept., Onaca. DISTRIBUTION: N.E. Colombia. ISIS NUMBER: 5301410029004003001.
description: Published as part of James H. Honacki, Kenneth E. Kinman & James W. Koeppl, 1982, Order Rodentia (Part 6), pp. 560-594 in Mammal Species of the World (1 st Edition), Lawrence, Kansas, USA :Alien Press, Inc. & The Association of Systematics Collections on page 586, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7353039
A 'spicy' encephalopathy: synthetic cannabinoids as cause of encephalopathy and seizure
Creators: name: Louh, Irene Kathryn Klein
name: Freeman, William
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2014
Subjects: Synthetic marijuana
Spasms
Medical sciences

description: Synthetic cannabinoids, often sold under labels such as 'spice', are a popular product sold in incense shops and on the internet. When inhaled, consumers often report experiences similar to marijuana use, thus making synthetic cannabinoids a popular street substitute for marijuana. With increasing use, the number of patients presenting to emergency departments due to the toxic effects of these products has increased. While many reported side effects, including anxiety, agitation, tachycardia, and hypertension, are transient and relatively mild, reports of more severe consequences, including psychosis and seizures, are increasing, with ICU admissions.
title: Dissertatio Physica De Terrae Motvvm Cavssis; [1773]
title: Qvam ... Præside ... Iohanne Kies ... Die XVIII. Sept. MDCCLXXIII. Ad Conseqvendos Legitime Magist. Philos. Honores Pvblice Defendet Avctor Avgvstvs Christianvs Revss, Holsato-Rendsbvrgensis, Mag. Phil. Cand.
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Kies, Johann
name: Reuss, August Christian von
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
Year: 2014

description: Vorlageform des Erscheinungsvermerks: Tvbingæ, Litteris Fvesianis
Viral diversity and clonal evolution from unphased genomic data
Creators: name: Khiabanian, Hossein
name: Carpenter, Zachary
name: Kugelman, Jeffrey
name: Chan, Joseph
name: Trifonov, Vladimir
name: Nagle, Elyse
name: Warren, Travis
name: Iversen, Patrick
name: Bavari, Sina
name: Palacios, Gustavo
name: Rabadan, Raul
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Genomics
subject: Cytology
subject: Bioinformatics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Background: Clonal expansion is a process in which a single organism reproduces asexually, giving rise to a diversifying population. It is pervasive in nature, from within-host pathogen evolution to emergent infectious disease outbreaks. Standard phylogenetic tools rely on full-length genomes of individual pathogens or population consensus sequences (phased genotypes). Although high-throughput sequencing technologies are able to sample population diversity, the short sequence reads inherent to them preclude assessing whether two reads originate from the same clone (unphased genotypes). This obstacle severely limits the application of phylogenetic methods and investigation of within-host dynamics of acute infections using this rich data source. Methods: We introduce two measures of diversity to study the evolution of clonal populations using unphased genomic data, which eliminate the need to construct full-length genomes. Our method follows a maximum likelihood approach to estimate evolutionary rates and times to the most recent common ancestor, based on a relaxed molecular clock model; independent of a growth model. Deviations from neutral evolution indicate the presence of selection and bottleneck events. Results: We evaluated our methods in silico and then compared it against existing approaches with the well-characterized 2009 H1N1 influenza pandemic. We then applied our method to high-throughput genomic data from marburgvirus-infected non-human primates and inferred the time of infection and the intra-host evolutionary rate, and identified purifying selection in viral populations. Conclusions: Our method has the power to make use of minor variants present in less than 1% of the population and capture genomic diversification within days of infection, making it an ideal tool for the study of acute RNA viral infection dynamics.
Reveal flocking phase transition of self-propelled active particles by machine learning regression uncertainty
Creators: name: Guo, Wei-Chen
name: Ai, Bao-Quan
name: He, Liang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop the neural network based "learning from regression uncertainty" approach for automated detection of phases of matter in nonequilibrium active systems. Taking the flocking phase transition of self-propelled active particles described by the Vicsek model for example, we find that after training a neural network for solving the inverse statistical problem, i.e., for performing the regression task of reconstructing the noise level from given samples of such a nonequilibrium many-body complex system's steady state configurations, the uncertainty of regression results obtained by the well-trained network can actually be utilized to reveal possible phase transitions in the system under study. The noise level dependence of regression uncertainty assumes a non-trivial M-shape, and its valley appears at the critical point of the flocking phase transition. By directly comparing this regression-based approach with the widely-used classification-based "learning by confusion" and "learning with blanking" approaches, we show that our approach has practical effectiveness, efficiency, good generality for various physical systems across interdisciplinary fields, and a greater possibility of being interpretable via conventional notions of physics. These approaches can complement each other to serve as a promising generic toolbox for investigating rich critical phenomena and providing data-driven evidence on the existence of various phase transitions, especially for those complex scenarios associated with first-order phase transitions or nonequilibrium active systems where traditional research methods in physics could face difficulties.
description: 8 pages, 3 figures
Performance Analysis of Optimum Zero-Forcing Beamforming with Greedy User Selection
Creators: name: Ozyurt, Serdar
name: Torlak, Murat
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this letter, an exact performance analysis is presented on the sum rate of zero-forcing beamforming with a greedy user scheduling algorithm in a downlink system. Adopting water-filling power allocation, we derive a compact form for the joint probability density function of the scheduled users' squared subchannel gains when a transmitter with multiple antennas sends information to at most two scheduled users with each having a single antenna. The analysis is verified by numerical results.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures
Contemplative self healing in women breast cancer survivors: a pilot study in underserved minority women shows improvement in quality of life and reduced stress
Creators: name: Charlson, Mary
name: Loizzo, Joseph
name: Moadel, Alyson
name: Neale, Miles
name: Newman, Chayim
name: Olivo, Erin
name: Wolf, Emily
name: Peterson, Janey
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2014
Subjects: Minority women
Breast--Cancer--Patients
Alternative medicine

description: Background: Among underserved, largely minority women who were breast cancer survivors, this pilot project was designed to evaluate the quality of life outcomes of a 20 week Contemplative Self-Healing Program. Methods: Women previously treated for stage I-III breast cancer were assessed before and after the 20 week program with the FACT-G, FACT-B, FACIT-Spirituality, ECOG, and the Impact of Events Scale. They participated in a 20-week intervention involving guided meditation and cognitive-affective-behavioral learning. Results: With an average age of 63, 62% of the participants were African-American or Latino. With an average of 5.4 years since the diagnosis of breast cancer, 72% had an ECOG performance status of 1. 57% were currently working. Their baseline FACT-G was 80.5 ± 15.1, and their baseline Impact of Events Scale was 26.3 ± 18.9. The within-patient improvement on the FACT-G was 4.6 ± 10.9 (p = .01); in parallel the FACT-B improved by 2.8 ± 12.8 points (p = .03). The Impact of Events Scale improved by 6.6 ± 15.5 points (p = .01). There was significant within-patient improvement on both the avoidance scale (3.8 ± 9.2) and on the intrusion scale (2.9 ± 7.9). Patients who attended more sessions and conducted more home practice had greater improvements in quality of life. Conclusion: Persons receiving a 20-session contemplative self healing intervention showed improved quality of life, with a clinically and statistically significant increase in the FACT-G. In addition, this population showed a significant reduction in post-traumatic stress symptoms assessed by the Impact of Events Scale. Trial registration: Clinical Trials Gov NCT00278837.
British Columbia Legislative Assembly sessional clipping book (1918-04)
Creators: name: :Unav
Publisher: name: University of Victoria Libraries
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: British Columbia. Legislative Assembly
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/600765
subject: Law
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/993678
subject: FOS: Law
subject: Politics and government
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1919741

description: These Sessional Clippings books cover the period 1891 to 1972, and include newspaper accounts written by various legislative reporters who covered debates occurring in the British Columbia Legislative Assembly. Transcripts of debates of the Legislative Assembly (Hansard) were not published in B.C. until 1970; hence these "Sessional Clipping Books" augment the "Journals", the record of daily proceedings of the Legislative Assembly. Selected clippings from various newspapers including the Vancouver Sun, the Vancouver Province, the Colonist, and the Times newspapers, relating to the newspaper reports concerning activities of the Legislature. The original sessional clippings books comprise 351 ledger size print volumes, held at the Legislative Library in Victoria BC. The print volumes were microfilmed onto 26 reels in 1977 under a Tri University Libraries (TRIUL) project by Precision Micrographic Services (Vancouver, B.C.), with the permission of the Legislative Library, Victoria, British Columbia. This digital collection was created by scanning the 26 microfilm reels.
When Are Uninformed Boards Preferable?
Creators: name: Isaka, Naoto
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2016
Subjects: Chief executive officers
Corporate governance
Boards of directors
Business

description: In this paper, I analyze the optimal choice of board of directors using the dual- role model of boards in Adams and Ferreira (2007). In my model, shareholders choose either an informed board that brings additional private information to the firm or an uninformed board that merely considers the inside information already available within the firm. The board then randomly chooses a good chief executive officer (CEO) with inside information or a bad CEO without such information, and the CEO decides whether to consult with the board when making a project decision. I show that shareholders generally choose the informed board to maximize firm value by utilizing the private information available to the board. However, the shareholders optimally select the uninformed board if the CEO is reluctant to communicate with the informed board for fear it will reject the CEO’s decision. The uninformed board is also optimal when the board has a sufficiently large private benefit of monitoring the CEO, the shareholders feel burdened by any conflict between the CEO and the board, or the firm is involved in many unrelated businesses, especially when the inside information is valuable and the firm needs many outsiders to observe useful outside information. I use some of these implications and casual observation of real-world data to discuss recent trends in the board structure of Japanese firms.
Sustainable business practices in SMEs: a retrospective insight on catalysts and hurdles
Creators: name: Iqbal, Ubais Parayil
name: Nooney, Lenin Kumar
name: Al Ghafri, Fatma Said Sulaiman
name: Daniel, Tilda Mary
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: Mental Health
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Virology

description: Sustainability being the buzz word, in the context of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and increasing climate change issues, has attracted the attention of academic and industrial researchers. Consequently, the number of research attempts on sustainability has escalated to quench the soaring research questions on various aspects of sustainability and sustainable businesses. However, the context of Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) requires special attention considering the recent climate changes in the region and the presence of vast majority of exploratory industries. Therefore, this study examined the drivers and barriers in the adoption of sustainable business practices among the small and medium business houses. The study used an exploratory research design and conducted in-depth personal interviews to collect data from 33 respondents The study identified legal environment, strategic intent, stakeholder pressure and personal values as major drivers of sustainable business practice adoption. However, lack of physical, financial and human capital and insufficient support environment limits the adoption of sustainability business plans by the small and medium enterprises (SMEs). The study results make significant contributions to the policy makers, prospective SMEs and non-adopters to foster the adoption of sustainability business practices by small and medium business houses.
Privacy and security in healthcare: A must-read for healthtech entrepreneurs
Creators: name: Globaldev
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: Ensuring Security in Healthcare Apps

With the rise of cyberattacks on healthcare data, protecting sensitive patient information has never been more critical. Compliance with privacy regulations such as HIPAA and GDPR sets the foundation, but app developers must go further by implementing robust security measures. Key features like two-factor authentication, SSL encryption, and data wiping are essential to safeguarding patient privacy.

Staying Ahead of Security Threats

Data breaches in healthcare are increasing every year, making it crucial for developers to stay ahead of security threats. Strong encryption with SSL technology, multi-factor authentication, and regular security updates help keep patient data safe. Ensuring compliance with privacy laws not only reduces legal risks but also builds trust with users.

Protecting Patient Data from Unauthorized Access

Personal and medical information is at risk if not adequately protected. Implementing strong authentication measures like two-factor authentication (2FA) and end-to-end encryption helps mitigate the risk of data breaches. These security features are essential for maintaining compliance with laws such as HIPAA and ensuring the safety of patient records.

Minimizing Cyberattack Risks

Cybersecurity is a growing concern for healthcare apps, with millions of patient records compromised each year. Strategies such as automatic data wiping, two-factor authentication, and routine security testing can significantly reduce risks. Regular software updates are vital to patch vulnerabilities and maintain high-security standards.

Conclusion

Building a secure healthcare app requires a proactive approach to privacy and security. By integrating advanced encryption, authentication, and continuous monitoring, healthtech entrepreneurs can ensure compliance and protect patient data from cyber threats. Strengthen your app’s security today to maintain trust and safeguard sensitive information.

Read more - Patient data protection
FRACTURE AND LOSS IN DUCTILITY DUE TO PRESENCE OF DEFECTS IN CJP WELDS
Creators: name: Khandelwal, Himanshu
Publisher: name: Purdue University Graduate School
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 400510
subject: Structural engineering

description: Complete Joint Penetration (CJP) welds are commonly used in many industries such as structural steel-fabrication, pressure vessels, pipelines, nuclear industries, etc. However, CJP weld could be susceptible to defects such as lack of fusion, slag, porosity, etc. The 1994 Northridge earthquake and the 1995 Kobe earthquake revealed that there was a significant loss in the ductility of CJP welded connections due to the presence of defects. There are very limited experimental and numerical studies available to understand the overall behavior and strength of CJP welded connection in the presence of defect. This study aims to bridge this gap. The objective of this study is to understand the influence of defects on ultimate strength and ductility of the CJP welded connection. To achieve this objective, a total of twelve specimens were tested, out of which four specimens were without any defect, while eight specimens had defects in the weld. A process was developed to introduce defects in the CJP weld specimens. A simplified lower bound approach using ductile damage criteria was proposed based on benchmarked finite element models to simulate the weld fracture. Moreover, a parametric study was performed to understand the effects of various parameters such as length and depth of defect, failure criteria, etc. on behavior and ductility of the welded connections. It was found that the welded specimens having no defect were able to reach the ultimate strength and ductility of the base metal. Whereas loss in ductility and strength was observed in the specimens with defects. The loss in ductility as compared to base metal ranges from 30% to 88% for different specimens. The maximum loss in strength was observed to be 12% only for specimens with the worst defect. The study concluded that the depth of defect had significant influence over ductility as compared to length of defect. If the depth of defect (d) is greater than half of plate thickness (d > t/2), it exhibits similar behavior regardless of actual depth. However, no significant influence of defect was observed if the depth of defect was less than t/8.
Puzzles in the Forex Tokyo “Fixing”: Order Imbalances and Biased Pricing by Banks
Creators: name: Ito, Takatoshi
name: Yamada, Masahiro
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2016
Subjects: Price fixing
Pricing
Foreign exchange market
Finance
Economics

description: “Fixing” in the foreign exchange market is a market practice that determines the bid-ask-mid- point exchange rate at a scheduled time, 10am in Tokyo and 4pm in London. The fixing exchange rate is then applied to the settlement of foreign exchange transactions between banks and retail customers including broker dealers, institutional investors, insurance companies, exporters, and importers, with varying bid-ask spreads.
Our findings for the Tokyo fixing are summarized as follows: (1) Price spikes in the Tokyo fixing are more frequent than in the London fixing. (2) The customer orders are biased toward buying foreign currencies, which is predictable. (3) Before 2008, the fixing prices set by banks were biased upward, and higher than the highest transaction price during the fixing time window. (4) Even after 2008, the fixing prices announced by banks were still above the median transaction price during the fixing window, suggesting that banks make predictable profits. (5) The calendar effects also matter for determination of the fixing rate and the price fluctuation around fixing time.
Intrinsic alignments in the cross-correlation of cosmic shear and CMB weak lensing
Creators: name: Hall, Alex
name: Taylor, Andy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate that the intrinsic alignment of galaxies with large-scale tidal fields sources an extra contribution to the recently-detected cross-correlation of galaxy shear and weak lensing of the microwave background. The extra term is the analogy of the 'GI' term in standard cosmic shear studies, and results in a reduction in the amplitude of the cross-correlation. We compute the intrinsic alignment contribution in linear and non-linear theory, and show that it can be at roughly the 15% level for the CFHT Stripe 82 redshift distribution, if the canonical amplitude of intrinsic alignments is assumed. The new term can therefore potentially reconcile the apparently low value of the measured cross-correlation with standard LCDM. We discuss various small-scale effects in the signal and the dependence on the source redshift distribution. We discuss the exciting possibility of self-calibrating intrinsic alignments with a joint analysis of cosmic shear and weak lensing of the microwave background
description: 5 pages, 4 figures; Published by MNRAS Letters. Minor corrections to match the published version
Ethnic- and gender-specific differences in the prevalence of HIV among patients in opioid maintenance treatment—a case register analysis
Creators: name: Liebrenz, Michael
name: Stohler, Rudolf
name: Nordt, Carlos
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2014
Subjects: Heroin abuse--Treatment
HIV-positive persons
Psychobiology

description: Background: We have sought to identify ethnic- and gender-specific differences in HIV prevalence among heroin users receiving opioid maintenance treatment in the canton of Zurich, Switzerland. Methods: We used a generalized linear model (GEE) to analyze data from the anonymized case register for all opioid maintenance treatments in the canton of Zurich. Patients who received either methadone or buprenorphine between 1991 and 2012 (n = 11,422) were evaluated for gender (male vs. female), ethnic background (Swiss vs. non-Swiss), and lifetime method of drug use (ever injector vs. non-injector). We addressed missing data by multiple imputation. Results: The overall prevalence of HIV among patients declined substantially from 33.7% in 1991 to 10.6% in 2012 in the complete dataset. In the imputed datasets, the respective prevalence dropped from 32.8% in 1991 to 9.7% in 2012. Non-injectors had a four to five times lower risk ratio (RR) compared to the reference group, ‘Swiss males who ever injected’. In addition, we found a significantly higher risk ratio of HIV prevalence among females who had ever injected; this was true both for the complete dataset and the imputed dataset (Swiss RR 1.18 CI 95% 1.04–1.34, non-Swiss RR 1.58 CI 95% 1.18–2.12). Conclusion: In this population, gender, ethnic background, and lifetime method of drug use influenced the risk of being HIV positive. Different access to treatment and different characteristics of risk exposure among certain subgroups might explain these findings. In particular, the higher risk for women who inject drugs—especially for those with an immigrant background—warrants additional research. Further exploration should identify what factors deter women from using available HIV-prevention measures and whether and how these measures can be better adapted to high-risk groups.
Water security in an Andean basin: an integrated socio-hydrological, multi-scenario and allocation assessment
Creators: name: Arias, Edisson Cepeda
name: Barriga, Julio Cañón
name: Mendiondo, Eduardo Mario
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: The concept of water security encompasses dynamic objectives in various socio-hydrologic contexts. This study examines the pressures on several dimensions of water security and water usage in an Andean basin utilizing an integrated water security index (IWS), the Water Evaluation and Planning System (WEAP) model, and 10 composite scenarios for the period 2021–2099. The results show 60% of the scenarios result in a “fair” IWS score, with 40% classified as “good” trending towards “fair” coverage. Competition in terms of demand coverage for equal and different water usage priorities indicates that mining, thermoelectric, and service-related uses cover their needs, whereas other human uses are unable to cope with the demand, domestic use being the most affected. The findings highlight the difficulty of ensuring water security for all users and reveal that population dynamics and controlled human interventions and trade-offs will have a substantial impact on the provision of water services.
Model-agnostic Feature Importance and Effects with Dependent Features -- A Conditional Subgroup Approach
Creators: name: Molnar, Christoph
name: König, Gunnar
name: Bischl, Bernd
name: Casalicchio, Giuseppe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The interpretation of feature importance in machine learning models is challenging when features are dependent. Permutation feature importance (PFI) ignores such dependencies, which can cause misleading interpretations due to extrapolation. A possible remedy is more advanced conditional PFI approaches that enable the assessment of feature importance conditional on all other features. Due to this shift in perspective and in order to enable correct interpretations, it is therefore important that the conditioning is transparent and humanly comprehensible. In this paper, we propose a new sampling mechanism for the conditional distribution based on permutations in conditional subgroups. As these subgroups are constructed using decision trees (transformation trees), the conditioning becomes inherently interpretable. This not only provides a simple and effective estimator of conditional PFI, but also local PFI estimates within the subgroups. In addition, we apply the conditional subgroups approach to partial dependence plots (PDP), a popular method for describing feature effects that can also suffer from extrapolation when features are dependent and interactions are present in the model. We show that PFI and PDP based on conditional subgroups often outperform methods such as conditional PFI based on knockoffs, or accumulated local effect plots. Furthermore, our approach allows for a more fine-grained interpretation of feature effects and importance within the conditional subgroups.
Beet Sugar Supply Response in the United States
Creators: name: Jesse, Edward V.
name: Zepp, Glenn A.
name: Jesse, Edward V.
name: Zepp, Glenn A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1977
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Production Economics
subject: Acreage
subject: production
subject: projections
subject: sugar
subject: sugar beets
subject: supply function

description: Projections of U.S. sugarbeet acreage are made under alternative prices for raw sugar and for major crops that compete with beets by using an econometric model of the sugarbeet production sector. Raw sugar prices (New York spot) of about 16 to 22 cents per pound will probably be needed to maintain the 1976 sugarbeet acreage in 1980. Significant regional shifts in the location of production are likely, regardless of future sugar prices.
title: Doctrinae Christianae Compendium; 1774
title: Gymnasiis Atqve Scholis Scriptum
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Seiler, Georg Friedrich
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
Year: 2014

description: Vorlageform des Erscheinungsvermerks: Erlangae Apud Wolfgangum Waltherum MDCCLXXIV.
Gold and Methane: A Noble Combination for Delicate Oxidation
Creators: name: Mowbray, Duncan J.
name: Migani, Annapaola
name: Walther, Guido
name: Cardamone, David M.
name: Rubio, Angel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The ability to partially oxidize methane at low temperatures and pressures would have important environmental and economic applications. Although methane oxidation on gold nanoparticles has been observed experimentally, our density functional theory (DFT) calculations indicate neither CH4, CH3, nor H adsorb on a neutral gold nanoparticle. However, by positively charging gold nanoparticles, e.g. through charge transfer to the TiO2 substrate, CH4 binding increases while O2 binding remains relatively unchanged. We demonstrate that CH4 adsorption is via bonding with the metal s levels. This holds from small gold clusters (Au2) to large gold nanoparticles (Au201), and for all fcc transition metal dimers. These results provide the chemical understanding necessary to tune the catalytic activity of metal nanoparticles for the partial oxidation of methane under delicate conditions.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures
Analytical model of strange star in the low-mass X-ray binary 4U 1820-30
Creators: name: Kalam, Mehedi
name: Rahaman, Farook
name: Molla, Sajahan
name: Jafry, Md. Abdul Kayum
name: Hossein, Sk. Monowar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this article, we have proposed a model for a realistic strange star under Tolman VII metric\citep{Tolman1939}. Here the field equations are reduced to a system of three algebraic equations for anisotropic pressure. Mass, central density and surface density of strange star in the low-mass X-ray binary 4U 1820-30 has been matched with the observational data according to our model. Strange materials clearly satisfies the stability condition (i.e. sound velocities < 1) and TOV-equation. Here also surface red shift of the star has been found to be within reasonable limit.
description: Some revisions have been made. Accepted in Eur.Phys.J.C
Improving pluvial flood mapping resolution of large coarse models with deep learning
Creators: name: Do Lago, Cesar Ambrogi Ferreira
name: Brasil, Jose Artur Teixeira
name: Gomes, Marcus Nóbrega
name: Mendiondo, Eduardo Mario
name: Giacomoni, Marcio H.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Plant Biology

description: Deep learning (DL) models are a promising complement to hydrodynamic models. However, the application of DL for detailed predictions in large domains has not yet been tested. We aim to narrow this gap by improving flood mapping resolution derived from large coarse flood models. We used cGAN-Flood, a conditional generative adversarial-based model (cGAN), that showed satisfactory generalization. We demonstrate the applicability of cGAN-Flood by coupling it with mesh- and raster-based coarse models. A Hydrologic Engineering Center (HEC) River Analysis System (RAS) model (cell size of 32 m), which is mesh-based, was created for a 350 km2 watershed. In contrast, a HydroPol2D model, raster-based, was created for a 150 km2 watershed with a 15 m pixel size. We evaluated our method’s performance against a 3 m resolution HEC-RAS model in seven catchments across the cities of San Antonio and Sao Paulo. Results indicate the cGAN-Flood improved flood map accuracy, illustrating how DL can enhance flood mapping resolution.
Simulation of national-scale groundwater dynamics in geologically complex aquifer systems: an example from Great Britain
Creators: name: Bianchi, Marco
name: Scheidegger, Johanna
name: Hughes, Andrew
name: Jackson, Christopher
name: Lee, Jonathan
name: Lewis, Melinda
name: Mansour, Majdi
name: Newell, Andrew
name: O’Dochartaigh, Brighid
name: Patton, Ashley
name: Dadson, Simon
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: The national-scale British Groundwater Model (BGWM) is implemented to simulate groundwater dynamics and budgets in Great Britain. Notwithstanding the challenges of integrating a very large amount of data, finding a trade-off between computational efficiency and realism, performing automatic calibration, and addressing multiple sources of structural and parameter uncertainty, a quantitative–qualitive evaluation approach showed that the BGWM provides a reasonably accurate digital representation of groundwater systems and processes at a national scale. In this work, the model was applied to understand the variability of budget components across multiple spatial and temporal scales. Comparisons showed regional differences linked to lithological and climatic factors, which in turn can be associated with more or less groundwater resilience to extreme climatic events. There is confidence that the current and future versions of the BGWM can become valuable tools for effective water resources management and adaptation strategies under future climatic and population changes.
More about vacuum structure of Linear Sigma Model
Creators: name: Sato, Tomomi
name: Yamada, Norikazu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the study of critical phenomena of QCD, a linear sigma model (LSM) is often analyzed as it shares many properties with QCD. Motivated by recent arguments on effective restoration of the U_A(1) symmetry around the critical temperature, the renormalization group flow of U(2)$\otimes$U(2) LSM with a small violation of the U_A(1) symmetry is examined in the traditional epsilon expansion in threedimensions. With a mass-dependent renormalization scheme, we investigate the attractive basin flowing into the O(4) LSM in the parameter space and its dependence on the size of the U_A(1) breaking. Special emphasis is put on how the decoupling of the heavier degrees of freedom occur as approaching the O(4) LSM.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures, presented at the 31st International Symposium on Lattice Field Theory (Lattice 2013), 29 July - 3 August 2013, Mainz, Germany
Optimizing Marketing Dates for Steers by Accounting for Individual Differences
Creators: name: Harrison, Virden L.
name: Harrison, Virden L.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1977
Subjects: subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: Production Economics
subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: Livestock
subject: steers
subject: simulation
subject: carcass grades
subject: feed rations
subject: slaughter dates
subject: pricing system

description: Steers differ greatly in their growth patterns, feed use, and carcass grading characteristics. Feedlot operations can increase their net returns by altering feed rations and slaughter dates according to individual steer differences. Experimental data giving biological relationships for two types of steers fed nine alternative rations were combined with a computer simulation to optimize slaughter dates and to estimate the effects of breed type, feed ration, pricing system, and price-cost ratios on profitability and length of feeding period.
Quantum probes for fractional Gaussian processes
Creators: name: Paris, Matteo G. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We address the characterization of classical fractional random noise via quantum probes. In particular, we focus on estimation and discrimination problems involving the fractal dimension of the trajectories of a system subject to fractional Brownian noise. We assume that the classical degree of freedom exposed to the environmental noise is coupled to a quantum degree of freedom of the same system, e.g. its spin, and exploit quantum limited measurements on the spin part to characterize the classical fractional noise. More generally, our approach may be applied to any two-level system subject to dephasing perturbations described by fractional Brownian noise, in order to assess the precision of quantum limited measurements in the characterization of the external noise. In order to assess the performances of quantum probes we evaluate the Bures metric, as well as the Helstrom and the Chernoff bound, and optimize their values over the interaction time. We find that quantum probes may be successfully employed to obtain a reliable characterization of fractional Gaussian process when the coupling with the environment is weak or strong. In the first case decoherence is not much detrimental and for long interaction times the probe acquires information about the environmental parameters without being too much mixed. Conversely, for strong coupling, information is quickly impinged on the quantum probe and can effectively retrieved by measurements performed in the early stage of the evolution. In the intermediate situation, none of the two above effects take place: information is flowing from the environment to the probe too slowly compared to decoherence, and no measurements can be effectively employed to extract it from the quantum probe. The two regimes of weak- and strong-coupling are defined in terms of a threshold value of the coupling, which itself increases with the fractional dimension.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures. Dedicated to the memory of R. F. Antoni
Improving pluvial flood mapping resolution of large coarse models with deep learning
Creators: name: do Lago, Cesar Ambrogi Ferreira
name: Brasil, Jose Artur Teixeira
name: Gomes, Marcus Nóbrega
name: Mendiondo, Eduardo Mario
name: Giacomoni, Marcio H.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Plant Biology

description: Deep Learning (DL) models are a promising complement to hydrodynamic models. However, the application of DL for detailed predictions on large domains has not yet been tested. We aim to narrow address this gap by improving flood mapping resolution derived from large coarse flood models. We have used cGAN-Flood, a conditional generative adversarial-based model (cGAN), that showed satisfactory generalization. We demonstrate the applicability of cGAN-Flood by coupling it with mesh and raster-based coarse models. A HEC-RAS model (cell size of 32m), which is mesh-based, was created for a 350 km2 watershed. In contrast, a HydroPol2D, raster-based, was created for a 150 km2 with a 15m pixel size. We evaluated our method’s performance against a 3m resolution HEC-RAS model in seven different catchments across San Antonio and Sao Paulo cities. Results indicate that the DL model considerably improved flood map accuracy, illustrating how DL can enhance flood mapping resolution.
High-order harmonic generation and Fano resonances
Creators: name: Strelkov, V. V.
name: Khokhlova, M. A.
name: Shubin, N. Yu.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a high harmonic generation theory which generalizes the strong-field approximation to the resonant case, when the harmonic frequency is close to that of the transition from the ground to an autoionizing state of the generating system. We show that the line shape of the resonant harmonic is a product of the Fano-like factor and the harmonic line which would be emitted in the absence of the resonance. The theory predicts rapid variation of the harmonic phase in the vicinity of the resonance. The calculated resonant harmonic phase is in reasonable agreement with recent measurements. Predicting the phase-locking of a group of resonantly-enhanced harmonics, our theory allows to study the perspectives of producing attosecond pulse train using such harmonics.
Patients with hematologic malignancies have many reasons to die during extracorporeal membrane oxygenation
Creators: name: Schmidt, Matthieu
name: Brodie, Daniel
name: Combes, Alain
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2014
Subjects: Hematological oncology
Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation
Medicine

description: We read with great interest the article by Wohlfarth and colleagues
regarding the use of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) in 14 adult patients with hematological malignancies. We would like to highlight two main points. First, the authors focused their report and their discussion on bleeding complications and anticoagulation management in this high-risk population. Although we concede that it is a serious concern in these patients, it is not the only one. ECMO support is associated with nosocomial infections. Impairment of cellular immunity, cytopenia and chemotherapy (CT) may further increase the risks of infection and may dissuade clinicians from using ECMO in these patients. Developing new strategies that aim to limit nosocomial infections is crucial to improving outcomes in this population. ECMO in awake, non-intubated, spontaneously breathing patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome, to avoid mechanical ventilation and its related adverse events, is a potentially promising application. Thus, in our opinion, it would also be important to provide a thorough description of nosocomial infections that might have occurred in these 14 patients. Second, the authors reported that 5 of 14 patients initially received CT while receiving ECMO. The pharmacokinetics of many of the medications administered to patients receiving ECMO are complex and, to date, there are very limited data to guide our daily practice. Therefore, clinicians must be aware that providing CT to patients receiving ECMO is a potential gamble, which risks worsening patient outcomes due to ineffective drug regimens. CT during ECMO should be restricted to those cases where postponing therapy is not an option.
Software algorithm and hardware design for real-time implementation of new spectral estimator
Creators: name: Ciaccio, Edward J.
name: Biviano, Angelo B.
name: Garan, Hasan
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2014
Subjects: Computer algorithms
Spectrum analysis
Biomedical engineering

description: Background: Real-time spectral analyzers can be difficult to implement for PC computer-based systems because of the potential for high computational cost, and algorithm complexity. In this work a new spectral estimator (NSE) is developed for real-time analysis, and compared with the discrete Fourier transform (DFT). Method: Clinical data in the form of 216 fractionated atrial electrogram sequences were used as inputs. The sample rate for acquisition was 977 Hz, or approximately 1 millisecond between digital samples. Real-time NSE power spectra were generated for 16,384 consecutive data points. The same data sequences were used for spectral calculation using a radix-2 implementation of the DFT. The NSE algorithm was also developed for implementation as a real-time spectral analyzer electronic circuit board. Results: The average interval for a single real-time spectral calculation in software was 3.29 μs for NSE versus 504.5 μs for DFT. Thus for real-time spectral analysis, the NSE algorithm is approximately 150˟ faster than the DFT. Over a 1 millisecond sampling period, the NSE algorithm had the capability to spectrally analyze a maximum of 303 data channels, while the DFT algorithm could only analyze a single channel. Moreover, for the 8 second sequences, the NSE spectral resolution in the 3-12 Hz range was 0.037 Hz while the DFT spectral resolution was only 0.122 Hz. The NSE was also found to be implementable as a standalone spectral analyzer board using approximately 26 integrated circuits at a cost of approximately $500. The software files used for analysis are included as a supplement, please see the Additional files 1 and 2. Conclusions: The NSE real-time algorithm has low computational cost and complexity, and is implementable in both software and hardware for 1 millisecond updates of multichannel spectra. The algorithm may be helpful to guide radio frequency catheter ablation in real time.