cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: Johann Georg Reyhnmann
title: An entry in the LCA Online Dictionary of Leibniz’s Correspondents and Acquaintances
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: (:Tba)
Publisher: name: LCA Project
Year: 2018

description: Johann Georg Reyhnmann as a personal relation of Leibniz’s: The resource presents biographical information on a correspondent of Leibniz's
On the number of cubic orders of bounded discriminant having automorphism group $C_3$, and related problems
Creators: name: Bhargava, Manjul
name: Shnidman, Ariel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11R04, 11R29, 11R45

description: For a binary quadratic form $Q$, we consider the action of $\mathrm{SO}_Q$ on a two-dimensional vector space. This representation yields perhaps the simplest nontrivial example of a prehomogeneous vector space that is not irreducible, and of a coregular space whose underlying group is not semisimple. We show that the nondegenerate integer orbits of this representation are in natural bijection with orders in cubic fields having a fixed "lattice shape". Moreover, this correspondence is discriminant-preserving: the value of the invariant polynomial of an element in this representation agrees with the discriminant of the corresponding cubic order. We use this interpretation of the integral orbits to solve three classical-style counting problems related to cubic orders and fields. First, we give an asymptotic formula for the number of cubic orders having bounded discriminant and nontrivial automorphism group. More generally, we give an asymptotic formula for the number of cubic orders that have bounded discriminant and any given lattice shape (i.e., reduced trace form, up to scaling). Via a sieve, we also count cubic fields of bounded discriminant whose rings of integers have a given lattice shape. We find, in particular, that among cubic orders (resp. fields) having lattice shape of given discriminant $D$, the shape is equidistributed in the class group $\mathrm{Cl}_D$ of binary quadratic forms of discriminant $D$. As a by-product, we also obtain an asymptotic formula for the number of cubic fields of bounded discriminant having any given quadratic resolvent field.
description: 33 pages
title: Deutsche Wirtschaft derzeit besser als ihr Ruf: Grundlinien der Wirtschaftsentwicklung im Frühjahr 2019
Creators: name: Michelsen, Claus
name: Bruns, Martin
name: Clemens, Marius
name: Hanisch, Max
name: Junker, Simon
name: Kholodilin, Konstantin A.
name: Schlaak, Thore
Publisher: name: DIW - Deutsches Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: E22 Capital; Investment; Capacity
subject: E66 General Outlook and Conditions
subject: F01 Global Outlook
subject: Business cycle forecast
subject: ecoomic outlook

description: Die Hochkonjunktur in Deutschland ist vorüber, eine Rezession, droht indes nicht: Trotz der jüngst schwächeren Konjunktur, dürfte die Wirtschaft in diesem Jahr um 1,0 Prozent, wachsen. Eine tragende Säule bleibt der Konsum: Im Jahresdurchschnitt, wird die Zahl der Arbeitnehmerinnen und Arbeitnehmer, wohl um knapp eine halbe Million steigen. Die Inflation, dämpft mit 1,5 Prozent die Kaufkraft kaum; zusammen mit den, finanzpolitischen Einkommensschüben wird dies in einem, spürbar steigenden privaten Konsum münden. Die Nachfrage, aus dem Ausland entwickelt sich hingegen verhalten – dies, liegt einerseits an der konjunkturellen Schwäche Chinas, aber, auch daran, dass in vielen wichtigen Absatzmärkten die Industrie, an Schwung verliert. Die enormen politischen Risiken, werden die Unternehmensinvestitionen dämpfen.
description: DIW Wochenbericht, 86 (2019), 11, S. 162-182
Two-color QCD with staggered fermions at finite temperature under the influence of a magnetic field
Creators: name: Ilgenfritz, E. -M.
name: Kalinowski, M.
name: Muller-Preussker, M.
name: Petersson, B.
name: Schreiber, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we investigate the influence of a constant external magnetic field on the finite-temperature phase structure and the chiral properties of a simplified lattice model for QCD. We assume an SU(2) gauge symmetry and employ dynamical staggered fermions of identical mass without rooting, corresponding to Nf=4 flavors of identical electric charge. For fixed mass (given in lattice units) the critical temperature is seen to rise with the magnetic field strength. For three fixed beta-values, selected such that we stay (i) within the chirally broken phase, (ii) within the transition region or (iii) within the chirally restored phase, we study the approach to the chiral limit for various values of the magnetic field. Within the chirally broken (confinement) phase the chiral condensate is found to increase monotonically with a growing magnetic field strength. In the chiral limit the increase starts linear in agreement with a chiral model studied by Shushpanov and Smilga. Within the chirally restored (deconfinement) phase the chiral condensate tends to zero in the chiral limit, irrespective of the strength of the magnetic field.
description: 15 pages, 12 figures; version accepted by Physical Review D
Navigating the great powers : Myanmar and Southeast Asian security strategies
Creators: name: Meredith, Katherine Jane
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2013

description: Small states face a unique predicament in the international system, and have been faced with the necessity of developing a range of strategies to ensure their survival in the midst of great power struggles. In the literature on Southeast Asia, scholars have developed a number of ways of conceptualizing the complex strategies used at the individual and regional level by small states in this region to pursue their security, including triangular politics, complex balancing, omni-enmeshment, and hedging. Through an examination of the case of Myanmar, this thesis finds that in certain situations, the actions taken by states simply do not fit with these conceptualizations; moreover, the pursuit of these security strategies at the bilateral level may be in tension with their pursuit at the multilateral level. This paper argues that the lack of fit and bilateral-multilateral divide are due to assumptions of homogeneity related to the goals and circumstances of states found in the literature on Southeast Asia. In particular, these models of state strategies in do not leave adequate room for countries with different conceptualizations of security and regional order. Similarly, they do not anticipate or explain actions in a country where China is both the main economic and security partner, but rather assume partnerships with the United States. These gaps must be addressed and the models of state strategies extended if analysts are to have a full understanding of countries like Myanmar, as well as broader regional dynamics.
Valence Bond Crystal and possible orbital pinball liquid in a t2g model
Creators: name: Trousselet, Fabien
name: Ralko, Arnaud
name: Oles, Andrzej M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study a model for orbitally degenerate Mott insulators, where localized electrons possess t_2g degrees of freedom coupled by several, competing, exchange mechanisms. We provide evidence for two distinct strongly fluctuating regimes, depending on whether superexchange or direct exchange mechanism predominates. In the superexchange-dominated regime, the ground state is dimerized, with nearest neighbor orbital singlets covering the lattice. By deriving an effective quantum dimer model and analyzing it numerically, we characterize this dimerized phase as a valence bond crystal stabilized by singlet resonances within a large unit cell. In the opposite regime, with predominant direct exchange, the combined analysis of the original model and another effective model adapted to the local constraints, shows that subleading perturbations select a highly resonating ground state, with coexisting diagonal and off-diagonal long-range orbital orders.
description: 14 pages, 13 figures
title: Weltwirtschaft und Euroraum: Schwacher Welthandel, aber binnenwirtschaftliche Kräfte weitgehend intakt: Grundlinien der Wirtschaftsentwicklung im Frühjahr 2019
Creators: name: Michelsen, Claus
name: Baldi, Guido
name: Dany-Knedlik, Geraldine
name: Engerer, Hella
name: Gebauer, Stefan
name: Rieth, Malte
Publisher: name: DIW - Deutsches Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: E22 Capital; Investment; Capacity
subject: E66 General Outlook and Conditions
subject: F01 Global Outlook
subject: Business cycle forecast
subject: ecoomic outlook

description: Das weltwirtschatliche Umfeld bleibt rau. Im vierten Quartal 2018 stagnierten die Wachstumsraten global, besonders traf es den Außenhandel. Für 2019 prognostiziert das DIW Berlin ein Wachstum der Weltwirtschaft von 3,7 Prozent, für das Folgejahr 3,6 Prozent. Positive Impulse werden durch Nachholeffekte – etwa bei der europäischen Automobilindustrie – und von der weiterhin guten Entwicklung an den Arbeitsmärkten erwartet, die den Konsum stützen dürfte. Der Ausblick für den Welthandel wird jedoch geprägt von Handelskonflikten, politischen Unsicherheiten und einer Abschwächung der chinesischen Konjunktur. Zwar zeichnet sich im Handelskonflikt zwischen den USA und China eine Entschärfung ab, dafür deutet sich eine Auseinandersetzung um europäische Exporte von Kraftfahrzeugen und Autoteilen in die USA an. Die Gefahr eines ungeordneten Austritts des Vereinigten Königreichs aus der EU und die politische Situation in Italien sorgen für Unsicherheit in Europa. Vor diesem Hintergrund wird die Geldpolitik im Prognosezeitraum voraussichtlich expansiv ausgerichtet sein.
description: DIW Wochenbericht, 86 (2019), 11, S. 154-161
title: Th. Benedict Richter
title: An entry in the LCA Online Dictionary of Leibniz’s Correspondents and Acquaintances
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: (:Tba)
Publisher: name: LCA Project
Year: 2018

description: Th. Benedict Richter as a personal relation of Leibniz’s: The resource presents biographical information on a correspondent of Leibniz's
A three-dimensional digital brain atlas and stereotaxic coordinates for the Anna’s Hummingbird, Calypte anna
Creators: name: Stegeman, Amelia Gwen
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2013

description: This thesis presents a new three-dimensional atlas for analyzing the neuroanatomical structures of the avian brain. Using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and X-ray computed tomography (CT), the brain of an Anna’s Hummingbird (Calypte anna) was scanned. These datasets were co-registered using three-dimensional visualisation software and overlaid with thionin stained slices in the sagittal and coronal view. Results show that previously developed techniques for creating three-dimensional atlases in other birds can be successfully used for representing the anatomical structures of hummingbirds (Güntürkün et al., 2013; Poirier et al., 2008; Vellema et al., 2011). There is no previous atlas, neither two nor three-dimensional, available for hummingbirds or any other wild-caught bird. Studies requiring avian neural recordings have not included hummingbirds, but this combination of imaging protocols along with descriptions from the literature provides the necessary and sufficient information for outlining many of the major functional structures in the Anna’s hummingbird brain. The co-registered datasets are also sufficient for constructing histological data into a three-dimensional representation that is functional in guiding classical tract tracing and electrophysiology experiments. By creating brain area delineations in three dimensions and anchoring these data to a skull, researchers will now be able to reach target structures from outside of the brain. For two regions of the brain, the lentiformis mesencephali and nucleus of the basal optic route, suggested stereotaxic coordinates and angles are provided. Through expanding the collection of atlases to include hummingbirds we introduce a new animal that will be especially useful for future studies of avian motor control.
title: Rinaldo III d’ Este
title: An entry in the LCA Online Dictionary of Leibniz’s Correspondents and Acquaintances
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: (:Tba)
Publisher: name: LCA Project
Year: 2018

description: Rinaldo III d’ Este as a personal relation of Leibniz’s: The resource presents biographical information on a correspondent of Leibniz's
A Topological Phase Transition in the Scheidegger Model of River Networks
Creators: name: Oppenheim, Jacob N.
name: Magnasco, Marcelo O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Tissues and Organs (q-bio.TO)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the canonical Scheidegger Model of river network morphology for the case of convergent and divergent underlying topography, by embedding it on a cone. We find two distinct phases corresponding to few, long basins and many, short basins, respectively, separated by a singularity in number of basins, indicating a phase transition. Quantifying basin shape through Hack's Law $l\sim a^h$ gives distinct values for the exponent $h$, providing a method of testing our hypotheses. The generality of our model suggests implications for vascular morphology, in particular differing number and shapes of arterial and venous trees.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures
title: Influence of ultrasound-targeted microbubble destruction on biofilm and bacteria in morphology
Creators: name: He, Nianan
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Drugs / Reactions
subject: Efficacy studies
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Vascular
subject: Ultrasound physics
subject: Molecular imaging

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Bacteria that adhere to implanted medical devices such as vascular catheters, prosthetic joints and artificial heart valves can cause persistent infections because bacteria sequestered in biofilms show increased tolerance of normal antibiotic...
title: Auch an erwerbsfreien Tagen erledigen Frauen einen Großteil der Hausarbeit und Kinderbetreuung
Creators: name: Samtleben, Claire
Publisher: name: DIW - Deutsches Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: D13 Household Production and Intrahousehold Allocation
subject: J22 Time Allocation and Labor Supply
subject: Unpaid domestic labor
subject: gainful employment
subject: time use
subject: gender care gap

description: Bezahlte und unbezahlte Arbeit ist in Deutschland noch immer sehr ungleich zwischen Männern und Frauen verteilt. Auch unabhängig von Zeitrestriktionen durch Erwerbsarbeit gibt es eine geschlechtsspezifische Lücke im zeitlichen Aufwand für Hausarbeit und Kinderbetreuung (GenderCare Gap). Das Gesamtvolumen von bezahlter und unbezahlter Arbeit an Wochentagen ist bei Männern und Frauen mit circa elf Stunden in etwa gleich, wobei Frauen mehr unbezahlte und Männer mehr bezahlte Arbeit leisten. Auch sonntags leisten Frauen durchschnittlich 1,5 Stunden mehr unbezahlte Arbeit. In Haushalten mit – vor allem jüngeren – Kindern ist der Gender Care Gap besonders ausgeprägt. Da sich die Ungleichverteilung von bezahlter und unbezahlter Arbeit negativ auf die finanzielle Situation von Frauen auswirkt, sind politische Anreize zur Förderung der Erwerbsbeteiligung von Frauen und des Engagements von Männern im Haushalt und in der Kinderbetreuung wichtig. Beispiel für eine solche Maßnahme wäre die Ausweitung der Partnermonate im Elterngeld.
description: DIW Wochenbericht, 86 (2019), 10, S. 139-144
title: Use of pre-CT questionnaire in predicting significant renal impairment in patients over 60 years-of-age prior to iodinated contrast injection.
Creators: name: Li, YeYuan Jourena
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Contrast agent-intravenous
subject: CT
subject: Kidney
subject: Contrast agents
subject: Toxicity

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Contrast is commonly used in diagnostic and interventional radiological studies, and is known to have complication of Contrast Induced Nephropathy (CIN). Contrast induced nephropathy (CIN) is usually defined as impairment in renal function (measured...
Precision direct photon and W-boson spectra at high p_T and comparison to LHC data
Creators: name: Becher, Thomas
name: Lorentzen, Christian
name: Schwartz, Matthew D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The differential p_T spectrum for vector boson production is computed at next-to-leading fixed order and including the resummation of threshold logarithms at next-to-next-to-leading logarithmic accuracy. A comparison is made to ATLAS data on direct photon and W production at high transverse momentum p_T, finding excellent agreement. The resummation is achieved by factorizing contributions associated with different scales using Soft-Collinear Effective Theory. Each part is then calculated perturbatively and the individual contributions are combined using renormalization group methods. A key advantage of the effective theory framework is that it indicates a set of natural scale choices, in contrast to the fixed-order calculation. Resummation of logarithms of ratios of these scales leads to better agreement with data and reduced theoretical uncertainties.
description: 24 pages, 10 figures; v2: journal version; v3: corrections in (20), (37), (38)
title: A patient-driven approach to improve reproducibility of blood flow values in CT perfusion of liver
Creators: name: Mottola, Margherita
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Tissue characterisation
subject: Cancer
subject: Blood
subject: Physiological studies
subject: Computer Applications-General
subject: CT-Quantitative
subject: CT
subject: Liver
subject: Computer applications
subject: Abdomen

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Computed Tomography perfusion (CTp) is a promising technique for characterizing the hemodynamics of tissue by following the intravenous administration of a Contrast Agent (CA) through the recovery of the Time Concentration Curves (TCCs). These...
title: Anatomic and radiological characterization of the petrotympanic fissure
Creators: name: Solano, Albert
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Inflammation
subject: Infection
subject: Comparative studies
subject: CT
subject: Head and neck
subject: Bones
subject: Anatomy

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: 1. To describe the radiological anatomy of the petrotympanic fissure in CT studies and its correlation in cadaveric specimen 2. To know the clinical relevance of petrotympanic fissure in the transmission of inflammatory processes between the...
title: Es gibt Berufe, bei denen die Arbeitsstunden eine große Rolle für den Gender Pay Gap spielen: Interview
Creators: name: Zucco, Aline
name: Wittenberg, Erich
Publisher: name: DIW - Deutsches Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung
Year: 2019

description: DIW Wochenbericht, 86 (2019), 10, S. 137
title: Große Gender Pay Gaps in einzelnen Berufen hängen stark mit der überproportionalen Entlohnung von langen Arbeitszeiten zusammen
Creators: name: Zucco, Aline
Publisher: name: DIW - Deutsches Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: J16 Economics of Gender; Non-labor Discrimination
subject: J31 Wage Level and Structure; Wage Differentials
subject: J33 Compensation Packages; Payment Methods
subject: J22 Time Allocation and Labor Supply
subject: J24 Human Capital; Skills; Occupational Choice; Labor Productivity
subject: Gender Pay Gap
subject: wage distribution
subject: Part Time Gap
subject: occupations

description: Der Gender Pay Gap beträgt in Deutschland 21 Prozent und ist in Teilen darauf zurückzuführen, dass Männer und Frauen in unterschiedlichen Berufen arbeiten. Allerdings sind auch innerhalb der Berufe beachtliche Verdienstunterschiede zwischen Männern und Frauen zu beobachten, deren Höhe sich aber zwischen den Berufen stark unterscheidet. Der Gender Pay Gap ist in den Berufen besonders stark ausgeprägt, in denen der Stundenlohn überproportional mit den Arbeitsstunden ansteigt. Außerdem weisen Berufe mit einem großen Anteil an Führungspositionen einen höheren Gender Pay Gap auf. Berufe, die größtenteils in öffentlichen Unternehmen ausgeführt werden, haben tendenziell kleinere Verdienstlücken. Veränderungen in der Arbeitsorganisation, die flexiblere Arbeitszeiten und Top-Sharing, also dem Aufteilen einer Führungsposition auf zwei Teilzeitstellen, ermöglichen, könnten dazu beitragen, dass der Gender Pay Gap sinkt. Zudem könnten Tarifverträge, wie sie im meist bei öffentlichen Arbeitgebern gelten, zu einer Reduzierung des Gender Pay Gaps führen.
description: DIW Wochenbericht, 86 (2019), 10, S. 127-136
title: Die wissensintensiven Dienstleistungen brauchen in Italien bessere Rahmenbedingungen: Interview
Creators: name: Kritikos, Alexander S.
name: Wittenberg, Erich
Publisher: name: DIW - Deutsches Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung
Year: 2019

description: DIW Wochenbericht, 86 (2019), 9, S. 122
Self-regulated growth of supermassive black holes by a dual jet/heating AGN feedback mechanism: methods, tests and implications for cosmological simulations
Creators: name: Dubois, Yohan
name: Devriendt, Julien
name: Slyz, Adrianne
name: Teyssier, Romain
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop a new sub-grid model for the growth of supermassive Black Holes (BHs) and their associated Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN) feedback in hydrodynamical cosmological simulations. Assuming that BHs are created in the early stages of galaxy formation, they grow by mergers and accretion of gas at a Eddington-limited Bondi accretion rate. However this growth is regulated by AGN feedback which we model using two different modes: a quasar-heating mode when accretion rates onto the BHs are comparable to the Eddington rate, and a radio-jet mode at lower accretion rates. In other words, our feedback model deposits energy as a succession of thermal bursts and jet outflows depending on the properties of the gas surrounding the BHs. We assess the plausibility of such a model by comparing our results to observational measurements of the coevolution of BHs and their host galaxy properties, and check their robustness with respect to numerical resolution. We show that AGN feedback must be a crucial physical ingredient for the formation of massive galaxies as it appears to be the only physical mechanism able to efficiently prevent the accumulation of and/or expel cold gas out of halos/galaxies and significantly suppress star formation. Our model predicts that the relationship between BHs and their host galaxy mass evolves as a function of redshift, because of the vigorous accretion of cold material in the early Universe that drives Eddington-limited accretion onto BHs. Quasar activity is also enhanced at high redshift. However, as structures grow in mass and lose their cold material through star formation and efficient BH feedback ejection, the AGN activity in the low-redshift Universe becomes more and more dominated by the radio mode, which powers jets through the hot circum-galactic medium.
description: 25 pages, 18 figures, 1 table, MNRAS accepted
title: Comparison of the dual energy-computed tomography (DECT) with PET-CT for tissue characterisation in lung cancer
Creators: name: Yaremenko, Stepan
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Respiratory system
subject: CT
subject: PET-CT
subject: Contrast agent-intravenous
subject: Cancer

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: To study the correlation between the standard uptake values (SUVmax) according to results of 18-FDG PET-CT and iodine concentration (IC) obtained with DECT measured in primary lung cancer lesions and metastatic lymph...
Uncharged compactlike and fractional Lorentz-violating BPS vortices in the CPT-even sector of the standard model extension
Creators: name: Miller, C.
name: Casana, R.
name: Ferreira, M. M.
name: da Hora, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have investigated and verified the existence of stable uncharged Bogomol'nyi-Prasad-Sommerfeld (BPS) vortices in the framework of an Abelian Maxwell-Higgs model supplemented with CPT-even and Lorentz-violating (LV) terms belonging to the gauge and Higgs sectors of the standard model extension. The analysis is performed in two situations: first, one by considering the Lorentz violation only in the gauge sector and then in both gauge and Higgs sectors. In the first case, it is observed that the model supports vortices somehow equivalent to the ones appearing in a dielectric medium. The Lorentz violation controls the radial extension (core of the solution) and the magnetic field amplitude of the Abrikosov-Nielsen-Olesen vortices, yielding compactlike defects in an alternative and simpler way than that of $k-$field models. At the end, we consider the Lorentz-violating terms in the gauge and Higgs sectors. It is shown that the full model also supports compactlike uncharged BPS vortices in a modified vacuum, but this time there are two LV parameters controlling the defect structure. Moreover, an interesting novelty is introduced by the LV-Higgs sector: fractional vortex solutions.
description: 13 pages Latex2e
title: Italien braucht neue Impulse für Wachstumsbranchen
Creators: name: Gebauer, Stefan
name: Kritikos, Alexander S.
name: Kriwoluzky, Alexander
name: Mattes, Anselm
name: Rieth, Malte
Publisher: name: DIW - Deutsches Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Italy
subject: economic structure
subject: growth sectors
subject: innovation
subject: manufacturing
subject: SME
subject: regulatory environment
subject: knowledge-intensive services

description: Italien hat sich gut zehn Jahre nach der Finanz- und Staatsschuldenkrise nicht von deren wirtschaftlichen Folgen erholt. Verantwortlich sind zum einen die traditionellen Wachstumstreiber Italiens, nämlich das verarbeitende Gewerbe und der Bausektor, die beide einen Rückgang von jeweils 700 000 Beschäftigten zu verzeichnen haben. Zum anderen stagnieren in Italien im Unterschied zu vielen anderen EU-Ländern die neuen Wachstumsbranchen etwa in den wissensintensiven Dienstleistungen. Die parallel durchgeführten Strukturreformen haben sich auf die Deregulierung von Arbeitsmärkten und die Sanierung des Staatshaushalts konzentriert. Andere Rahmenbedingungen wie etwa ein gut funktionierendes Innovationssystem oder substantielle Investitionen in Forschung und Entwicklung wurden allerdings außer Acht gelassen. Diesen Reformen sollte die Regierung künftig Priorität einräumen, um mittelfristig die Unternehmen in den neuen Wachstumsbranchen zu stimulieren. Wie Berechnungen zeigen, können höhere Staatsausgaben im Rahmen der im jüngsten Haushaltsentwurf vorgesehenen Mittel prinzipiell kurzfristig durchaus einen positiven Effekt auf die Wertschöpfung entfalten und die Anpassungskosten noch ausstehender Reformen mildern. Die vorliegenden Pläne der aktuellen Regierung erfüllen diese Kriterien jedoch kaum.
description: DIW Wochenbericht, 86 (2019), 9, S. 111-121
Computing the local pressure in molecular dynamics simulations
Creators: name: Lion, Thomas
name: Allen, Rosalind J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Computer simulations of inhomogeneous soft matter systems often require accurate methods for computing the local pressure. We present a simple derivation, based on the virial relation, of two equivalent expressions for the local (atomistic) pressure in a molecular dynamics simulation. One of these expressions, previously derived by other authors via a different route, involves summation over interactions between particles within the region of interest; the other involves summation over interactions across the boundary of the region of interest. We illustrate our derivation using simulations of a simple osmotic system; both expressions produce accurate results even when the region of interest over which the pressure is measured is very small.
description: 11 pages, 4 figures
title: Die fallenden Mortalitätsraten stehen im Gegensatz zu den Ergebnissen in den USA: Interview
Creators: name: Schmieder, Julia
name: Wittenberg, Erich
Publisher: name: DIW - Deutsches Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung
Year: 2019

description: DIW Wochenbericht, 86 (2019), 7/8, S. 106
Herschel-ATLAS: VISTA VIKING near-IR counterparts in the Phase 1 GAMA 9h data
Creators: name: Fleuren, S.
name: Sutherland, W.
name: Dunne, L.
name: Smith, D. J. B.
name: Maddox, S. J.
name: González-Nuevo, J.
name: Findlay, J.
name: Auld, R.
name: Baes, M.
name: Bond, N. A.
name: Bonfield, D. G.
name: Bourne, N.
name: Cooray, A.
name: Buttiglione, S.
name: Cava, A.
name: Dariush, A.
name: De Zotti, G.
name: Driver, S. P.
name: Dye, S.
name: Eales, S.
name: Fritz, J.
name: Gunawardhana, M. L. P.
name: Hopwood, R.
name: Ibar, E.
name: Ivison, R. J.
name: Jarvis, M. J.
name: Kelvin, L.
name: Lapi, A.
name: Liske, J.
name: Michalowski, M. J.
name: Negrello, M.
name: Pascale, E.
name: Pohlen, M.
name: Prescott, M.
name: Rigby, E. E.
name: Robotham, A.
name: Scott, D.
name: Temi, P.
name: Thompson, M. A.
name: Valiante, E.
name: van der Werf, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We identify near-infrared Ks band counterparts to Herschel-ATLAS sub-mm sources, using a preliminary object catalogue from the VISTA VIKING survey. The sub-mm sources are selected from the H-ATLAS Phase 1 catalogue of the GAMA 9h field, which includes all objects detected at 250, 350 or 500 um with the SPIRE instrument. We apply and discuss a likelihood ratio (LR) method for VIKING candidates within a search radius of 10" of the 22,000 SPIRE sources with a 5 sigma detection at 250 um. We find that 11,294(51%) of the SPIRE sources have a best VIKING counterpart with a reliability $R\ge 0.8$, and the false identification rate of these is estimated to be 4.2%. We expect to miss ~5% of true VIKING counterparts. There is evidence from Z-J and J-Ks colours that the reliable counterparts to SPIRE galaxies are marginally redder than the field population. We obtain photometric redshifts for ~68% of all (non-stellar) VIKING candidates with a median redshift of 0.405. Comparing to the results of the optical identifications supplied with the Phase I catalogue, we find that the use of medium-deep near-infrared data improves the identification rate of reliable counterparts from 36% to 51%.
description: 20 pages, 20 figures, 3 tables, accepted by MNRAS
Modelling the anabolic response of bone using a cell population model
Creators: name: Buenzli, Pascal R.
name: Pivonka, Peter
name: Gardiner, Bruce S.
name: Smith, David W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Tissues and Organs (q-bio.TO)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: To maintain bone mass during bone remodelling, coupling is required between bone resorption and bone formation. This coordination is achieved by a network of autocrine and paracrine signalling molecules between cells of the osteoclast lineage and cells of the osteoblastic lineage. Mathematical modelling of signalling between cells of both lineages can assist in the interpretation of experimental data, clarify signalling interactions and help develop a deeper understanding of complex bone diseases. In this paper, we further develop a mathematical model of bone cell interactions by Pivonka et al. (2008) to include the proliferation of precursor osteoblasts into the model. This inclusion is important to be able to account for Wnt signalling, believed to play an important role in anabolic responses of bone. We show that an increased rate of differentiation to precursor cells or an increased rate of proliferation of precursor osteoblasts themselves both result in increased bone mass. However, modelling these different processes separately enables the new model to represent recent experimental discoveries such as the role of Wnt signalling in bone biology and the recruitment of osteoblast progenitor cells by transforming growth factor β. Finally, we illustrate the power of the new model's capabilities by applying the model to prostate cancer metastasis to bone. In the bone microenvironment, prostate cancer cells are believed to release some of the same signalling molecules used to coordinate bone remodelling (i.e. Wnt and PTHrP), enabling the cancer cells to disrupt normal signalling and coordination between bone cells. This disruption can lead to either bone gain or bone loss. We demonstrate that the new computational model developed here is capable of capturing some key observations made on the evolution of the bone mass due to metastasis of prostate cancer to the bone microenvironment
description: 14 pages, 6 figures, 2 tables. v2: minor changes and clarifications
title: Todesfälle durch Suizid, Alkohol und Drogen sinken deutlich bei Männern und Frauen in Ost- und Westdeutschland
Creators: name: Haan, Peter
name: Hammerschmid, Anna
name: Lindner, Robert
name: Schmieder, Julia
Publisher: name: DIW - Deutsches Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: I10 Health: General
subject: I14 Health and Inequality
subject: J11 Demographic Trends, Macroeconomic Effects, and Forecasts
subject: Mortality
subject: lifetime inequality
subject: causes of death
subject: deaths of despair
subject: Germany

description: In den USA sind seit Ende der 90er Jahre die Mortalitätsraten bei weißen nichthispanischen Menschen mittleren Alters unerwartet gestiegen. Dieser Anstieg ist das Resultat einer erheblichen Zunahme von sogenannten Deaths of Despair, also von Suiziden und Todesfällen, die mit Drogen und Alkohol zusammenhängen. Eine ähnliche Entwicklung gibt es in Deutschland nicht. Die allgemeine Mortalitätsrate bei Männern und Frauen mittleren Alters ist sowohl in West- als auch in Ostdeutschland seit 1990 gesunken. Ebenso ist die relative Anzahl an Todesfällen durch Suizide und durch Drogen und Alkohol für alle diese Gruppen im selben Zeitraum gefallen. Auch bei einer Unterscheidung nach Familienstand oder nach deutscher und nichtdeutscher Nationalität steigen bei keiner dieser Untergruppen die Deaths of Despair. Dieses Ergebnis ist bemerkenswert, weil insbesondere Männer und Frauen in Ostdeutschland durch die Wiedervereinigung gravierende Veränderungen in ihren Lebensumständen erfahren haben. Mögliche Gründe für das unterschiedliche Ergebnis im Vergleich zu den USA sind ein stärker ausgeprägtes Sozialsystem und ein flächendeckendes Krankenversicherungssystem in Deutschland.
description: DIW Wochenbericht, 86 (2019), 7/8, S. 99-105
Far-infrared line and dust emission from H II regions and photodissociation regions
Creators: name: Zhu, Jiali.
name: Huang, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore the effect of varying the spectral energy distribution of the incident continuum, by simultaneously and self-consistently computing the structure of an H II region and a photodissociation region that are in pressure equilibrium. The results of the calculations are applied to extragalactic observations. The intensity ratio diagrams of far-infrared (FIR) emission for Herschel bands (70, 110, 160, 250, 350, and 500 μm) and the contribution from H II regions for these specific FIR emissions are presented for the first time. With these diagrams, we compare the predicted FIR continuum intensity ratios of M82 with observations by Herschel.
description: 27 pages, 8 figures, 2 tables, accepted by ApJ
Effect of surface charge conditions of carriers on the immobilization of β-d-glucosidase
Creators: name: Ye, Shu
name: Zhang, Fan
name: Xu, Ying
name: Sun, Yun
name: Zhu, Benwei
name: Ni, Fang
name: Zhou, Zhi
name: Yao, Zhong
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: In this study, a series of acidic or alkaline polypeptide chains were designed and grafted onto DEG-AM resin using Fmoc solid-phase synthesis to study the relationship between enzyme conformation and carrier surface charge. β-d-glucosidase (βGase) was then immobilized onto these modified carriers by adsorption. Each form of immobilized βGase showed decreasing specific activity compared to that of the free. It could be attributed to both the changes in the enzyme conformation and the decrease in mass transfer efficiency. The optimum temperature of free βGase, DEG@B3-βGase is 55 °C, which of DEG@A3-βGase is 65 °C and they all have the highest activity at pH 5. The Ea values ​​of free βGase, DEG@A3-βGase, and DEG@B3-βGase are 0.546 kJ/mol, 0.224 kJ/mol, and 0.446 kJ/mol, and the Km values were 1.30 mmol/L, 1.44 mmol/L and 2.63 mmol/L, respectively. It shows that free βGase and DEG@A3-βGase are more similar. Meanwhile, the free βGase (1.0 g/L, pH 5.0) stored at 4 °C has a shorter half-life (t1/2), which is only 9 days. However, the half-life of DEG@B3-βGase and DEG@A3-βGase is 20 days and over 60 days, indicating that the negative charged surface was conducive to maintenance of the structure and catalytic property of βGase.
title: Weiterhin dringender Reformbedarf im ukrainischen Energiesektor
Creators: name: Handrich, Lars
name: Mankovska, Nadiya
name: Opitz, Petra
Publisher: name: DIW - Deutsches Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Q48 Energy: Government Policy
subject: O13 Economic Development: Agriculture; Natural Resources; Energy; Environment; Other Primary Products
subject: O19 International Linkages to Development; Role of International Organizations
subject: Ukraine
subject: energy reform
subject: energy price regulation
subject: energy subsidies
subject: resource policy
subject: foreign aid conditionality

description: Die Ukraine erlebt seit zehn Jahren einen wirtschaftlichen Niedergang, der durch internationale Finanzhilfen abgefedert wird. Seit 20 Jahren drängen westliche Geber auf marktwirtschaftliche Reformen im Energiesektor, die von der Ukraine immer wieder verschleppt oder nur halbherzig umgesetzt wurden. So ist das Land nach wie vor die energieintensivste Volkswirtschaft Europas. Seit 2014 haben daran auch die Einführung von Marktpreisen für Energie für gewerbliche Kunden und die Tariferhöhungen für private Haushalte wenig geändert. Staatlich festgelegte Energietarife beeinträchtigen weiterhin den Wettbewerb auf dem Energiemarkt. Die Regierung sichert mit Verordnungen hohe Gewinne und ermöglicht das Ausnutzen von unterschiedlichen Preisen für verschiedene EndverbraucherInnen, was die Schattenwirtschaft und Korruption befördert. Gleichzeitig fehlen Anreize für Investitionen in Energieeffizienz und Innovation. Internationale Finanzhilfen sollten nicht die Folgen verfehlter Wirtschaftspolitik abfedern, sondern konsequent an die Umsetzung konkreter Reformschritte geknüpft werden. Dies gilt insbesondere für die Einführung von Marktpreisen für alle VerbraucherInnen und die Schaffung von Wettbewerb in der Energiewirtschaft.
description: DIW Wochenbericht, 86 (2019), 6, S. 87-95
title: Ultrasonographic findings in scrotal evaluation
Creators: name: Magalhaes, Pedro
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Genital / Reproductive system male
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Ultrasound-Colour Doppler
subject: Education
subject: Trauma
subject: Acute

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: - Review of the normal ultrasound characteristics of the testis and scrotal sac, as well as the appropriate ultrasound technique for its evaluation. - To recognize the importance of ultrasound in scrotal evaluation and the ultrasound appearance of...
title: The role of barium esophagography
Creators: name: Magalhaes, Pedro
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Swallowing disorders
subject: Dynamic swallowing studies
subject: Conventional radiography
subject: Fluoroscopy
subject: Gastrointestinal tract

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: -Review the technique of esophagography and normal esophageal anatomy. -Understand the role that barium esophagography currently plays in the diagnosis of esophageal pathology and recognize the aspect of major structural abnormalities and esophageal...
title: Das Klimaschutzgesetz bietet die Chance, die nationale Klimagovernance zu verbessern: Interview
Creators: name: Lüpke, Heiner Von
name: Wittenberg, Erich
Publisher: name: DIW - Deutsches Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung
Year: 2019

description: DIW Wochenbericht, 86 (2019), 5, S. 82
title: Ausgestaltung des deutschen Klimaschutzgesetzes: Grundlage für eine bessere Governance-Struktur
Creators: name: Lüpke, Heiner Von
name: Neuhoff, Karsten
Publisher: name: DIW - Deutsches Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: H11 Structure, Scope, and Performance of Government
subject: D78 Positive Analysis of Policy-Making and Implementation
subject: climate governance
subject: climate legislation
subject: climate targets

description: Deutschland gelingt es trotz vieler einzelner klimapolitischer Maßnahmen nicht, seine Treibhausgasemissionen so zu senken, dass die Klimaziele für das Jahr 2020 erreicht werden. Ein Grund dafür ist das Fehlen einer konsistenten Governance- Struktur in der Klimapolitik. Das Klimaschutzgesetz, das die Regierungskoalition noch in der aktuellen Legislaturperiode plant, sollte wesentliche Elemente einer solchen Governance verankern. Dazu zählen sektorale Emissionsminderungsziele mit klaren Verantwortlichkeiten sowie eine sektorübergreifende Koordination. Außerdem sollte eine unabhängige Institution für die Projektionen zu erwartender Emissionsminderungen und das Monitoring der Wirksamkeit von Maßnahmen geschaffen werden. Das Klimaschutzgesetz würde so die Ausgestaltung und Umsetzung sowohl sektorübergreifender als auch sektorspezifischer Maßnahmenpakete verbessern und die Klimapolitik effizienter machen.
description: DIW Wochenbericht, 86 (2019), 5, S. 75-81
title: Geflüchtete brauchen Unterstützung bei der Bewältigung von psychischen Problemen: Interview
Creators: name: Kröger, Hannes
name: Wittenberg, Erich
Publisher: name: DIW - Deutsches Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung
Year: 2019

description: DIW Wochenbericht, 86 (2019), 4, S. 71
title: Geflüchtete machen Fortschritte bei Sprache und Beschäftigung
Creators: name: Brücker, Herbert
name: Croisier, Johannes
name: Kosyakova, Yuliya
name: Kröger, Hannes
name: Pietrantuono, Giuseppe
name: Rother, Nina
name: Schupp, Jürgen
Publisher: name: DIW - Deutsches Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: E24 Employment; Unemployment; Wages; Intergenerational Income Distribution; Aggregate Human Capital
subject: I14 Health and Inequality
subject: I24 Education and Inequality
subject: Refugees
subject: labour market integration
subject: language skills
subject: health status

description: Die Migration von Schutzsuchenden nach Deutschland steht nach wie vor im Mittelpunkt der gesellschaftlichen Debatten. Die zweite Welle einer Längsschnittbefragung von Geflüchteten zeigt, dass es deutliche Integrationsfortschritte gibt, obwohl die Geflüchteten beim Zuzug zum Teil ungünstige Voraussetzungen hinsichtlich Gesundheit und Bildungsniveau mitbringen. So haben sich ihre Deutschkenntnisse im Vergleich zum Vorjahr verbessert und ihre Beteiligung am Erwerbsleben sowie an Bildung und Ausbildung ist gestiegen.
description: DIW Wochenbericht, 86 (2019), 4, S. 55-70
title: Radiomic analysis in hepatocellular carcinoma to predict clinical outcome after liver transplantation: a preliminary study
Creators: name: Pavan, Luca Jacopo
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Computer applications
subject: Liver
subject: CT-Quantitative
subject: CT
subject: Computer Applications-Detection, diagnosis
subject: Segmentation
subject: Computer Applications-General
subject: Tissue characterisation
subject: Cancer
subject: Cirrhosis

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: To evaluate the role of radiomics in preoperative triple-phase computed tomography (CT) to create a predictive score of recurrence in patients undergone orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) for hepatocellular carcinoma...
Trans-spectral orbital angular momentum transfer via four wave mixing in Rb vapor
Creators: name: Walker, G.
name: Arnold, A. S.
name: Franke-Arnold, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the transfer of phase structure, and in particular of orbital angular momentum, from near-infrared pump light to blue light generated in a four-wave-mixing process in 85Rb vapour. The intensity and phase profile of the two pump lasers at 780nm and 776nm, shaped by a spatial light modulator, influences the phase and intensity profile of light at 420nm which is generated in a subsequent coherent cascade. In particular we oberve that the phase profile associated with orbital angular momentum is transferred entirely from the pump light to the blue. Pumping with more complicated light profiles results in the excitation of spatial modes in the blue that depend strongly on phase-matching, thus demonstrating the parametric nature of the mode transfer. These results have implications on the inscription and storage of phase-information in atomic gases.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures. Referees' improvements incorporated
title: Application of low-dose CT in myeloma multiple patients: Dose reduction with optimized protocols.
Creators: name: Molinari, Andrea
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Dosimetric comparison
subject: Dosimetry
subject: Image manipulation / Reconstruction
subject: CT
subject: Radiation physics
subject: Oncology
subject: Haematologic

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Define bone lesions' is essential to stage multiple myeloma. Recent studies suggest the use of CT in lesions evaluation, thanks to its more accuracy compared with X-Ray skeletal survey and in spite of the increased radiation exposure. Our...