cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Two measures of the shape of the Milky Way's dark halo
Creators: name: Olling, R. P.
name: Merrifield, M. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In order to test the reliability of determinations of the shapes of galaxies' dark matter halos, we have made such measurements for the Milky Way by two independent methods, which make use of the stellar kinematics in the solar neighbourhood and the observed flaring of the Galactic HI layer to estimate the flattening of the Galactic dark halo. These techniques are found to produce a consistent estimate for the halo shape, with a shortest-to-longest axis ratio of q ~ 0.8, but only if one adopts somewhat non-standard values for the distance to the Galactic centre, R_0, and the local Galactic rotation speed, Theta_0. For consistency, one requires values of R_0 < 7.6 kpc and Theta_0 < 190 km/s. Although differing significantly from the current IAU-sanctioned values, these upper limits are consistent with all existing observational constraints. If future measurements confirm these lower values for the Galactic constants, then the validity of the gas layer flaring method will be confirmed. Further, dark matter candidates such as cold molecular gas and massive decaying neutrinos, which predict very flat dark halos with q < 0.2, will be ruled out. Conversely, if the Galactic constants were found to be close to the more conventional values, then there would have to be some systematic error in the methods for measuring dark halo shapes, so the existing modeling techniques would have to be viewed with some scepticism.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS. 10 pages, 6 figures, uses mn.sty and epsf.sty
Additional file 1: of PIPEBAR and OverlapPER: tools for a fast and accurate DNA barcoding analysis and paired-end assembly
Creators: name: Oliveira, Renato
name: Gisele Nunes
name: Talvâne De Lima
name: Oliveira, Guilherme
name: Alves, Ronnie
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Hematology

description: PIPEBAR and OverlapPER’s usage. Here we show all the instructions for the installation of Pipebar and all the commands used in the tests made with Pipebar, OverlapPER and the other tools used as benchmark. (PDF 639 kb)
Time-dependent i-DFT exchange-correlation potentials with memory: Applications to the out-of-equilibrium Anderson model
Creators: name: Kurth, S.
name: Stefanucci, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have recently put forward a steady-state density functional theory (i-DFT) to calculate the transport coefficients of quantum junctions. Within i-DFT it is possible to obtain the steady density on and the steady current through an interacting junction using a fictitious noninteracting junction subject to an effective gate and bias potential. In this work we extend i-DFT to the time domain for the single-impurity Anderson model. By a reverse engineering procedure we extract the exchange-correlation (xc) potential and xc bias at temperatures above the Kondo temperature $T_{\rm K}$. The derivation is based on a generalization of a recent paper by Dittmann et al. [arXiv:1706.04547]. Interestingly the time-dependent (TD) i-DFT potentials depend on the system's history only through the first time-derivative of the density. We perform numerical simulations of the early transient current and investigate the role of the history dependence. We also empirically extend the history-dependent TD i-DFT potentials to temperatures below $T_{\rm K}$. For this purpose we use a recently proposed parametrization of the i-DFT potentials which yields highly accurate results in the steady state.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures
Model-Independent $Z'$ Limits from Electron-Electron Collisions
Creators: name: Choudhury, D.
name: Cuypers, F.
name: Leike, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1994
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Model independent constraints on the mass of an extra neutral gauge boson and its couplings to charged leptons are given for the $e^-e^-$ option of a future linear collider. Analytic exclusion limits are derived in the Born approximation. The results are compared with those of the $e^+e^-$ mode. The influence of radiative corrections is discussed.
description: 7 pages, LaTeX, 4 Figures, uuencoded Postscriptfile, MPI-Ph/94-23, LMU-04/94
Additional file 1: of Self-selection in a population-based cohort study: impact on health service use and survival for bowel and lung cancer assessed using data linkage
Creators: name: Creighton, Nicola
name: Purdie, Stuart
name: Soeberg, Matthew
name: Walton, Richard
name: Baker, Deborah
name: Young, Jane
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: Socioeconomic position by rurality and univariable and multivariable models of health service use outcomes. The additional file contains ratios of relative frequencies for area-based socioeconomic position stratified by rurality (major city; regional and remote) and univariable and multivariable logistic regression models of health service use outcomes (resection; > 4 weeks in hospital; > 2 emergency department attendances; one-year all-cause post-diagnosis survival) for 45 and Up Study participants and NSW residents aged ≥45 years at diagnosis of bowel or lung cancer. (DOCX 610 kb)
Murex aruanus Linnaeus, 1758, spec. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1758
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Mollusca
Gastropoda
Neogastropoda
Muricidae
Murex
Murex aruanus

description: Murex aruanus [spec. nov.]
M. testa patulo-caudata, spira spinoso-coronata.
Rumph. mus. t. 28. f. A.
Gvalt. test. t. 47. f. B.
Habitat ad Novam Guineam.
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1758, Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on page 753, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.542, http://zenodo.org/record/3922206
Understanding and calibrating Density-Functional-Theory calculations describing the energy and spectroscopy of defect sites in hexagonal boron nitride
Creators: name: Reimers, Jeffrey R.
name: Sajid, Ali
name: Kobayashi, Rika
name: Ford, Michael J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Defect states in 2D materials present many possible uses but both experimental and computational characterization of their spectroscopic properties is difficult. We provide and compare results from 13 DFT and ab initio computational methods for up to 25 excited states of a paradigm system, the VNCB defect in hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN). Studied include include: (i) potentially catastrophic effects for computational methods arising from the multi-reference nature of the closed-shell and open-shell states of the defect, which intrinsically involves broken chemical bonds, (ii) differing results from DFT and time-dependent DFT (TDDFT) calculations, (iii) comparison of cluster models to periodic-slab models of the defect, (iv) the starkly differing effects of nuclear relaxation on the various electronic states as broken bonds try to heal that control the widths of photoabsorption and photoemission spectra, (v) the effect of zero-point energy and entropy on free-energy differences, (vi) defect-localized and conduction/valence band transition natures, and (vii) strategies needed to ensure that the lowest-energy state of a defect can be computationally identified.
description: https://pubs.acs.org/doi/pdf/10.1021/acs.jctc.7b01072
Can a changing $α$ explain the Supernovae results?
Creators: name: Barrow, John D.
name: Magueijo, Joao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that the Supernovae results, implying evidence for an accelerating Universe, may be closely related to the recent discovery of redshift dependence in the fine structure constant $α$. The link is a class of varying speed of light (VSL) theories which contain cosmological solutions similar to quintessence. During the radiation dominated epoch the cosmological constant $Λ$ is prevented from dominating the Universe by the usual VSL mechanism. In the matter epoch the varying c effects switch off, allowing $Λ$ to eventually surface and lead to an accelerating Universe. By the time this happens the residual variations in c imply a changing $α$ at a rate that is in agreement with observations.
description: Latex file, uses aasms4 style file, 1 ps figure. Replaced with revised version, to be published in Ap.J.Lett
The EDGES 21 cm Anomaly and Properties of Dark Matter
Creators: name: Fraser, Sean
name: Hektor, Andi
name: Hütsi, Gert
name: Kannike, Kristjan
name: Marzo, Carlo
name: Marzola, Luca
name: Spethmann, Christian
name: Racioppi, Antonio
name: Raidal, Martti
name: Vaskonen, Ville
name: Veermäe, Hardi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The recently claimed anomaly in the measurement of the 21 cm hydrogen absorption signal by EDGES at $z\sim 17$, if cosmological, requires the existence of new physics. The possible attempts to resolve the anomaly rely on either (i) cooling the hydrogen gas via new dark matter-hydrogen interactions or (ii) modifying the soft photon background beyond the standard CMB one, as possibly suggested also by the ARCADE~2 excess. We argue that solutions belonging to the first class are generally in tension with cosmological dark matter probes once simple dark sector models are considered. Therefore, we propose soft photon emission by light dark matter as a natural solution to the 21 cm anomaly, studying a few realizations of this scenario. We find that the signal singles out a photophilic dark matter candidate characterised by an enhanced collective decay mechanism, such as axion mini-clusters.
description: 7 pages, 2 figures
Murex perversus Linnaeus, 1758, spec. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1758
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Mollusca
Gastropoda
Neogastropoda
Muricidae
Murex
Murex perversus

description: Murex perversus [spec. nov.]
M. testa patulo-repandoque caudata, spira contraria subcoronata.
Gvalt. test. t. 30. f. B.
Argenv. conch. t. 18. f. F.
Habitat in O. Americano.
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1758, Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on page 753, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.542, http://zenodo.org/record/3922206
Monopoles and Quark Confinement: Introduction and Overview
Creators: name: Yee, Ken
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1994
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We (try to) pedagogically explain how monopoles arise in QCD, why maximal Abelian(MA) gauge is ``special'' for monopole study, the Abelian projection in MA gauge, its resultant degrees of freedom(photons, monopoles and charged matter fields), and the QCD-equivalent action in terms of these degrees of freedom. Then we turn to more recent developments in the subject: Abelian dominance, large $N$ behavior of Abelian projected QCD, mass of the charged matter fields, notion of an effective photon-monopole action obtained by integrating out the charged matter fields, and problems encountered in the recent evaluation of this effective action using the microcanonical demon method on the lattice.
description: 22 pages, to be published in Lake Louise Winter Institute Proceedings (just fixing some typos)
Additional file 13 of Full-length transcriptomic identification of R2R3-MYB family genes related to secondary cell wall development in Cunninghamia lanceolata (Chinese fir)
Creators: name: Zhuang, Hebi
name: Chong, Sun-Li
name: Priyanka, Borah
name: Han, Xiao
name: Lin, Erpei
name: Tong, Zaikang
name: Huang, Huahong
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 13.
Seesaw Dirac neutrino mass through dimension-6 operators
Creators: name: Chuliá, Salvador Centelles
name: Srivastava, Rahul
name: Valle, José W. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, a followup of arXiv: 1802.05722, we describe the many pathways to generate Dirac neutrino mass through dimension-6 operators. By using only the Standard Model Higgs doublet in the external legs one gets a unique operator $\frac{1}{Λ^2} \, \bar{L}\, \barΦ \, \barΦ \, Φ\, ν_R $. In contrast, the presence of new scalars implies new possible field contractions, which greatly increase the number of possibilities. Here we study in detail the simplest ones, involving $SU(2)_L$ singlets, doublets and triplets. The extra symmetries needed to ensure the Dirac nature of neutrinos can also be responsible for stabilizing dark matter.
description: 21 pages, 18 figures
Additional file 1: of The MONARCH intervention to enhance the quality of antenatal and postnatal primary health services in rural South Africa: protocol for a stepped-wedge cluster-randomised controlled trial
Creators: name: Terusha Chetty
name: H. Yapa
name: Herbst, Carina
name: Geldsetzer, Pascal
name: Kevindra Naidu
name: Jan-Walter De Neve
name: Herbst, Kobus
name: Matthews, Philippa
name: Deenan Pillay
name: Wyke, Sally
name: BĂ¤Rnighausen, Till
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: MONARCH SWT protocol. Text S1: South African National Department of Health standard of care: PMTCT guidelines and basic antenatal care. Table S1. Minimum detectable differences in percentage points by outcome. (DOCX 25 kb)
¿Cómo plantear una primera revisión de la literatura científica? de las consultas en bases de datos al gestor de referencias
Creators: name: Torres-Salinas, Daniel
name: Arroyo-Machado, Wenceslao
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: referencias bibliográficas
Web of Science
gestores de referencias bibliográficas
Zotero

description: Presentación realizada el 16 de febrero de 2022 en el Máster Interuniversitario en Cultura de Paz, Conflictos, Educación y Derechos.
Peran Orang Tua, Teman, Media Sosial dalam Sikap Pemertahanan Bahasa Daerah
Creators: name: Krishandini
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Peran
Orang Tua
Teman
Media Sosial
Sikap Pemertahanan Bahasa
Bahasa Daerah
Mahasiswa
PKU IPB

description: Materi ini dipresentasikan pada acara KIMLI 2021
Additional file 1 of Individual differences in probabilistic learning and updating predictive representations in individuals with obsessive-compulsive tendencies
Creators: name: Brezóczki, Bianka
name: Farkas, Bence Csaba
name: Hann, Flóra
name: Pesthy, Orsolya
name: Tóth-Fáber, Eszter
name: Farkas, Kinga
name: Csigó, Katalin
name: Németh, Dezső
name: Vékony, Teodóra
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Cell Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Mental Health

description: Supplementary Material 1
Fast Radio Burst Search: Cross Spectrum vs. Auto Spectrum Method
Creators: name: Liu, Lei
name: Zheng, Weimin
name: Yan, Zhen
name: Zhang, Juan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The search of fast radio burst (FRB) is a hot topic in current radio astronomy study. In this work, we carry out single pulse search for a VLBI pulsar observation data set using both auto spectrum and cross spectrum search method. The cross spectrum method is first proposed in Liu et al. (2018), which maximizes the signal power by fully utilizing the fringe phase information of the baseline cross spectrum. The auto spectrum search method is based on the popular pulsar software package PRESTO, which extracts single pulses from the auto spectrum of each station. According to our comparison, the cross spectrum method is able to enhance the signal power and therefore extract single pules from highly RFI contaminated data, which makes it possible to carry out FRB search in regular VLBI observations with the presence of RFIs.
description: Submitted to RAA
Additional file 16 of Benchmarking hybrid assembly approaches for genomic analyses of bacterial pathogens using Illumina and Oxford Nanopore sequencing
Creators: name: Chen, Zhao
name: Erickson, David L.
name: Meng, Jianghong
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 16: Table S16. Average Nucleotide Identity (ANI) of the hybrid assemblies of bacterial strains with simulated Illumina short reads and low-quality Oxford Nanopore long reads using MaSuRCA, SPAdes, and Unicycler, as determined by aligning to their corresponding reference genomes and expressed as OrthoANIu values (%).
Critical chiral hypersurface of the magnetized NJL model
Creators: name: Martínez, Angelo
name: Raya, Alfredo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In pursuit of the sketching the effective magnetized QCD phase diagram, we found conditions on the critical coupling for chiral symmetry breaking in the Nambu-Jona-Lasinio model in a nontrivial thermo-magnetic environment. Critical values for the plasma parameters, namely, temperature and magnetic field strength for this to happen are hence found in the mean field limit. The magnetized phase diagram is drawn from the criticality condition for different models of the effective coupling describing the inverse magnetic catalysis effect.
description: 8 pages, 8 figures
Murex antiqvus Linnaeus, 1758, spec. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1758
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Mollusca
Gastropoda
Neogastropoda
Muricidae
Murex
Murex antiqvus

description: Murex antiqvus [spec. nov.]
M. testa patulo-caudata oblonga, anfractibus octo teretibus.
Gvalt. test. t. 46. f. E.
Habitat in O. Europaeo.
Simillimus, cum sequenti, est Buccino undato.
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1758, Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on page 754, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.542, http://zenodo.org/record/3922206
Self-Modulation Doping Effect in the High-Mobility Layered Semiconductor Bi2O2Se
Creators: name: Fu, Huixia
name: Wu, Jinxiong
name: Peng, Hailin
name: Yan, Binghai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently an air-stable layered semiconductor Bi2O2Se was discovered to exhibit an ultrahigh mobility in transistors fabricated with its thin layers. In this work, we explored the mechanism that induces the high mobility and distinguishes Bi2O2Se from other semiconductors. We found that the electron donor states lie above the lowest conduction band. Thus, electrons get spontaneously ionized from donor sites (e.g., Se vacancies) without involving the thermal activation, different from the donor ionization in conventional semiconductors. Consequently, the resistance decreases as reducing the temperature as observed in our measurement, which is similar to a metal but contrasts to a usual semiconductor. Furthermore, the electron conduction channels locate spatially away from ionized donor defects (Se vacancies) in different van der Waals layers. Such a spatial separation can strongly suppress the scattering caused by donor sites and subsequently increase the electron mobility, especially at the low temperature. We call this high-mobility mechanism self-modulation doping, i.e. the modulation doping spontaneously happening in a single-phase material without requiring a heterojunction. Our work paves a way to design novel high-mobility semiconductors with layered materials.
Additional file 1: of Validity of an online 24-h recall tool (myfood24) for dietary assessment in population studies: comparison with biomarkers and standard interviews
Creators: name: Wark, Petra
name: Hardie, Laura
name: Frost, Gary
name: Nisreen Alwan
name: Carter, Michelle
name: Elliott, Paul
name: Ford, Heather
name: Hancock, Neil
name: Morris, Michelle
name: Mulla, Umme
name: Essra Noorwali
name: K. Petropoulou
name: Murphy, David
name: Potter, Gregory
name: Riboli, Elio
name: Greenwood, Darren
name: Cade, Janet
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Table S1. Measurement error structure for protein, potassium, sodium and total sugar intake and density as assessed by myfood24 and interviewer-based 24-h recall. Table S2. Attenuation factors and correlation between dietary assessment tool and true intake for protein, potassium, sodium and total sugar intake as assessed by myfood24 for different numbers of repeat administrations of the tool. Table S3. Attenuation factors and correlation between dietary assessment tool and true intake for protein, potassium, sodium and total sugar intake and density as assessed by myfood24 and interviewer-based 24-h recall by sex. Table S4. Attenuation factors and correlation between dietary assessment tool and true intake for protein, potassium, sodium and total sugar intake and density as assessed by myfood24 and interviewer-based 24-h recall by age group. (DOCX 27 kb)
Additional file 2 of Individual differences in probabilistic learning and updating predictive representations in individuals with obsessive-compulsive tendencies
Creators: name: Brezóczki, Bianka
name: Farkas, Bence Csaba
name: Hann, Flóra
name: Pesthy, Orsolya
name: Tóth-Fáber, Eszter
name: Farkas, Kinga
name: Csigó, Katalin
name: Németh, Dezső
name: Vékony, Teodóra
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Cell Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Mental Health

description: Supplementary Material 2
Scale-dependent polytropic black hole
Creators: name: Contreras, Ernesto
name: Rincon, Angel
name: Koch, Benjamin
name: Bargueño, Pedro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the present work we study the scale--dependence of polytropic non-charged black holes in (3+1)-dimensional space--times assuming a cosmological constant. We allow for scale--dependence of the gravitational and cosmological couplings, and we solve the corresponding generalized field equations imposing the null energy condition. Besides, some properties, such as horizon structure and thermodynamics, are discussed in detail.
description: Eur. Phys. J. C (Accepted)
QUT Digital Media Research Centre submission regarding the introduction of shield laws in Queensland, Australia
Creators: name: Nelson, Lucinda
name: Thomson, T.J.
name: Karim Schapals, Aljosha
name: Suzor, Nicolas
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Law
subject: FOS: Law
subject: 180103 Administrative Law
subject: 160503 Communications and Media Policy
subject: FOS: Political science
subject: 190399 Journalism and Professional Writing not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Media and communications
subject: 190301 Journalism Studies

description: We welcome the introduction of shield laws to protect journalists’ confidential sources. Privacy is important to journalists’ sources, sometimes even in relation to seemingly uncontroversial and mundane stories. Shield laws should work to reinforce clear expectations and ground rules about the privacy of sources to protect the relationship between journalists and their sources and promote public trust in the press.
Below we have provided references to some of our relevant research.
We recommend:
1. Shield laws should be broad enough to protect the range of people now acting as journalists, including freelancers and those working speculatively with the intent to have their work published by news organisations, and should not be limited to a formal class of professionals.
2. Any exceptions to the shield laws should include a strong public interest test that carefully balances national security and accountability.
3. Strong procedural safeguards are required to prevent unwarranted suppression of critical reporting. For example, journalists and news organisations should be notified of, and have ample opportunity to contest, applications to override shield laws.
We also suggest that additional reforms, beyond the introduction of shield laws, are required to promote press freedom. For example, law reform is urgently needed to protect confidential sources from identification through the use of physical or electronic surveillance, or access to retained metadata.
On Fractal Structure of Quantum Gravity and Relic Radiation Anisotropy
Creators: name: Altaisky, M. V.
name: Bednyakov, V. A.
name: Kovalenko, S. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1994
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is argued that large-scale ($>7^o$) cosmic microwave background anisotropy detected in COBE cosmic experiment can be considered as a trace of the quantum gravity fractal structure.
description: 13 pages, LaTeX; the 3 figures can be obtained from altai@nusun.jinr.dubna.su
Crystal-field effects in graphene with interface-induced spin-orbit coupling
Creators: name: Cysne, Tarik P.
name: Ferreira, Aires
name: Rappoport, Tatiana G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider theoretically the influence of crystalline fields on the electronic structure of graphene placed on a layered material with reduced symmetry and large spin-orbit coupling (SOC). We use a perturbative procedure combined with the Slater-Koster method to derive the low-energy effective Hamiltonian around the $K$ points and estimate the magnitude of the effective couplings. Two simple models for the envisaged graphene-substrate hybrid bilayer are considered, in which the relevant atomic orbitals hybridize with either top or hollow sites of the graphene honeycomb lattice. In both cases, the interlayer coupling to a crystal-field-split substrate is found to generate highly anisotropic proximity spin-orbit interactions, including in-plane 'spin-valley' coupling. Interestingly, when an anisotropic intrinsic-type SOC becomes sizeable, the bilayer system is effectively a quantum spin Hall insulator characterized by in-plane helical edge states robust against Bychkov-Rashba effect. Finally, we discuss the type of substrate required to achieve anisotropic proximity-induced SOC and suggest possible candidates to further explore crystal field effects in graphene-based heterostructures.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures
Laboratory verification of 'Fast & Furious' phase diversity: Towards controlling the low wind effect in the SPHERE instrument
Creators: name: Wilby, Michael J.
name: Keller, Christoph U.
name: Sauvage, Jean-Francois
name: Dohlen, Kjetil
name: Fusco, Thierry
name: Mouillet, David
name: Beuzit, Jean-Luc
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The low wind effect (LWE) refers to a characteristic set of quasi-static wavefront aberrations seen consistently by the SPHERE instrument when dome-level wind speeds drop below 3 m/s. This effect produces bright low-order speckles in the stellar PSF, which severely limit the contrast performance of SPHERE under otherwise optimal observing conditions. In this paper we propose the Fast & Furious (F&F) phase diversity algorithm as a viable software-only solution for real-time LWE compensation, which would utilise image sequences from the SPHERE differential tip-tilt sensor (DTTS). We evaluated the closed-loop performance of F&F on the MITHIC high-contrast test-bench under a variety of conditions emulating LWE-affected DTTS images, in order to assess the expected performance of an on-sky implementation of F&F in SPHERE. The algorithm was found to be capable of returning such LWE-affected images to Strehl ratios of greater than 90% within five iterations, for all appropriate laboratory test cases. These results are highly representative of predictive simulations, and demonstrate the stability of the algorithm against a wide range of factors including low image signal-to-noise ratio (S/N), small image field of view, and amplitude errors. It was also found in simulation that closed-loop stability can be preserved down to image S/N as low as five while still improving overall wavefront quality, allowing for reliable operation even on faint targets. The Fast & Furious algorithm is an extremely promising solution for real-time compensation of the LWE, which can operate simultaneously with science observations and may be implemented in SPHERE without requiring additional hardware. The robustness and relatively large effective dynamic range of F&F also make it suitable for general wavefront optimisation applications, including the co-phasing of segmented ELT-class telescopes.
description: 13 pages, 7 figures: accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysics
Murex tritonis Linnaeus, 1758, spec. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1758
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Mollusca
Gastropoda
Neogastropoda
Muricidae
Murex
Murex tritonis

description: Murex tritonis [spec. nov.]
M. testa ventricosa oblonga laevi, anfractibus rotundatis, apertura dentata, cauda brevi.
Bonan. recr. 3. t. 188.
Rumph. mus. t. 28. f. B.
Gvalt. test. t. 48. f. A.
Habitat in Archipelago, America.
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1758, Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on page 754, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.542, http://zenodo.org/record/3922206
Two new quasars at z=1.90 and z=0.15 from the Calan-Tololo Survey
Creators: name: Rossa, J.
name: Tappert, C.
name: Augusteijn, Th.
name: Maza, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the discovery of two new quasars, that initially appeared as candidate cataclysmic variables (CVs) in a list of the Calan-Tololo objective prism survey. However, additional spectroscopic and photometric observations revealed their true nature. Furthermore we present data for a third quasar, CTCV J0322-4653, which has also been found in our study, but which has already been included in the list of Maza et al. (1996) as CTS 0639. Here we present the spectra for the first time.
description: LaTeX, 2 pages, 3 figures. accepted for publication in A&A
A Spherical Model for "Starless" Cores of Magnetic Molecular Clouds and Dynamical Effects of Dust Grains
Creators: name: Li, Zhi-Yun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the standard picture of isolated star formation, dense ``starless'' cores are formed out of magnetic molecular clouds due to ambipolar diffusion. Under the simplest spherical geometry, I demonstrate that ``starless'' cores formed this way naturally exhibit a large scale inward motion, whose size and speed are comparable to those detected recently by Taffala et al. and Williams et al. in ``starless'' core L1544. My model clouds have a relatively low mass (of order 10 $M_\odot$) and low field strength (of order 10 $μ$G) to begin with. They evolve into a density profile with a central plateau surrounded by a power-law envelope, as found previously. The density in the envelope decreases with radius more steeply than those found by Mouschovias and collaborators for the more strongly magnetized, disk-like clouds. At high enough densities, dust grains become dynamically important by greatly enhancing the coupling between magnetic field and the neutral cloud matter. The trapping of magnetic flux associated with the enhanced coupling leads, in the spherical geometry, to a rapid assemblage of mass by the central protostar, which exacerbates the so-called ``luminosity problem'' in star formation.
description: 27 pages, 4 figures, accepted by ApJ
OSGeo Oceania Supporting a regional open geospatial community
Creators: name: Steer, Adam
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Open Source
FOSS4G
Community
Oceania
Geospatial

description: Presentation "OSGeo Oceania Supporting a regional open geospatial community" delivered by chair of the Geospatial Capabilities Community of Practice on 20/02/2020.
Additional file 1: of Ectoparasite communities of small-bodied Malagasy primates: seasonal and socioecological influences on tick, mite and lice infestation of Microcebus murinus and M. ravelobensis in northwestern Madagascar
Creators: name: Klein, Annette
name: Zimmermann, Elke
name: Radespiel, Ute
name: Schaarschmidt, Frank
name: Springer, Andrea
name: Strube, Christina
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Plant Biology

description: Table S1. Post-hoc results of simultaneous tests for general linear hypotheses for body mass differences between and within seasons for M. murinus and M. ravelobensis. (DOCX 25 kb)
Additional file 2 of Benchmarking hybrid assembly approaches for genomic analyses of bacterial pathogens using Illumina and Oxford Nanopore sequencing
Creators: name: Chen, Zhao
name: Erickson, David L.
name: Meng, Jianghong
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 2: Table S2. Bacterial strains with real Illumina short reads and Oxford Nanopore long reads.
ELIXIR Microbiome Community – 2025 face to face/hybrid meeting report
Creators: name: Batut, Bérénice
name: Pelletier, Eric
Publisher: name: F1000 Research Limited
Year: 2025

description: This document reports on the agenda, key points, and outcomes of the ELIXIR Microbiome Community's face-to-face and hybrid meeting, which took place on April 9-10, 2025, in Barcelona, Spain.
Prime amphicheiral knots with free period 2
Creators: name: Paoluzzi, Luisa
name: Sakuma, Makoto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 57M25, 57M50

description: We construct prime amphicheiral knots that have free period 2. This settles an open question raised by the second named author, who proved that amphicheiral hyperbolic knots cannot admit free periods and that prime amphicheiral knots cannot admit free periods of order >2.
description: 36 pages, 14 figures
Development, Characterization and Qualification of first GEM foils produced in India
Creators: name: Shah, Aashaq
name: Ahmed, Asar
name: Gola, Mohit
name: Sharma, Ram krishna
name: Malhotra, Shivali
name: Kumar, Ashok
name: Naimuddin, Md.
name: Menon, Pradeep
name: Srinivasan, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The increasing demand for Gas Electron Multiplier (GEM) foils has been driven by their application in many current and proposed high-energy physics experiments. Micropack, a Bengaluru-based company, has established and commercialized GEM foils for the first time in India. Micropack used the double-mask etching technique to successfully produce 10 cm $\times$ 10 cm GEM foil. In this paper, we report on the development as well as the geometrical and electrical properties of these foils, including the size uniformity of the holes and leakage current measurements. Our characterization studies show that the foils are of good quality and satisfy all the necessary quality control criteria.
Supernovae Rates: A Cosmic History
Creators: name: Yungelson, L. R.
name: Livio, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the cosmic history of supernovae on the basis of various assumptions and recent data on the star formation history. We show that supernova rates as a function of redshift can be used to place significant constraints on progenitor models, on the star formation history, and on the importance of dust obscuration. We demonstrate that it is unlikely that the current observational indications for the existence of a cosmological constant are merely an artifact of the dominance of different progenitor classes at different redshift intervals.
description: Accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journal
Dipole portal to heavy neutral leptons
Creators: name: Magill, Gabriel
name: Plestid, Ryan
name: Pospelov, Maxim
name: Tsai, Yu-Dai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider generic neutrino dipole portals between left-handed neutrinos, photons, and right-handed heavy neutral leptons (HNL) with Dirac masses. The dominance of this portal significantly alters the conventional phenomenology of HNLs. We derive a comprehensive set of constraints on the dipole portal to HNLs by utilizing data from LEP, LHC, MiniBooNE, LSND as well as observations of Supernova 1987A and consistency of the standard Big Bang Nucleosynthesis. We calculate projected sensitivities from the proposed high-intensity SHiP beam dump experiment, and the ongoing experiments at the Short-Baseline Neutrino facility at Fermilab. Dipole mediated Primakoff neutrino upscattering and Dalitz-like meson decays are found to be the main production mechanisms in most of the parametric regime under consideration. Proposed explanations of LSND and MiniBooNE anomalies based on HNLs with dipole-induced decays are found to be severely constrained, or to be tested in the future experiments.
description: 26 pages, 11 figures
Murex tulipa Linnaeus, 1758, spec. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1758
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Mollusca
Gastropoda
Neogastropoda
Muricidae
Murex
Murex tulipa

description: Murex tulipa [spec. nov.]
M. testa ventricosa oblonga laevi, anfractibus rotundatis, apertura laevi, cauda patula striata.
Bonan. recr. 3. t. 187.
Rumph. mus. t. 49. f. H.
Gvalt. test. t. 46. f. A.
Argenv. conch. t. 13. f. K.
Kratzenst. Regenf. t. 9. f. 35.
Habitat ..
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1758, Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on page 754, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.542, http://zenodo.org/record/3922206
Charm Production at RHIC to O(\ALPHA_S^3)
Creators: name: Sarcevic, I.
name: Valerio, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1994
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present results on rapidity and transverse momentum distributions of inclusive charm quark production in heavy-ion collisions at RHIC, including the next-to-leading order, $O(α_s^3)$, radiative corrections and the nuclear shadowing effect. We find the effective, nuclear K-factor to be $K(y)\approx 1.4$ for $\mid y\mid \leq 3$ in the rapidity distribution, while $1\leq K(p_{T}) \leq 3$ for $1GeV\leq p_T \leq 6GeV$ in the $p_T$ distribution. We incorporate multiple parton scatterings in our calculation of the fraction of all central events that contain at least one charm quark pair. We obtain the effective $A$-dependence of the charm cross sections. Finally, we comment on the possibility of detecting the quark-gluon plasma signal as an enhanced charm production in heavy-ion collisions at RHIC.
description: AZPH-TH/94-13; revised version, new figures, results obtained with new shadowing function; accepted for publication in Physics Letters B
Additional file 1 of The implementation of guidelines in palliative care – a scoping review
Creators: name: Ernst, Alexandra
name: Schade, Franziska
name: Stiel, Stephanie
name: van Baal, Katharina
name: Herbst, Franziska A.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1.
Additional file 1: of Life on the margins: the experiences of sexual violence and exploitation among Eritrean asylum-seeking women in Israel
Creators: name: Tsega Gebreyesus
name: Zebib Sultan
name: Habtom Ghebrezghiabher
name: Tol, Wietse
name: Winch, Peter
name: Davidovitch, Nadav
name: Surkan, Pamela
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy

description: Questionnaires: The additional file is comprised of the questionnaires used during the study for the purposes of data collection. These questionnaires were used during all key informant interviews, individual interviews and focus group discussions. (DOCX 121 kb)
Additional file 4 of Benchmarking hybrid assembly approaches for genomic analyses of bacterial pathogens using Illumina and Oxford Nanopore sequencing
Creators: name: Chen, Zhao
name: Erickson, David L.
name: Meng, Jianghong
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 4: Table S4. Thirty strains of Listeria monocytogenes.
Solitons as candidates for energy carriers in Fermi-Pasta-Ulam lattices
Creators: name: Ming, Yi
name: Ye, Liu
name: Chen, Han-Shuang
name: Mao, Shi-Feng
name: Li, Hui-Min
name: Ding, Ze-Jun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Currently, effective phonons (renormalized or interacting phonons) rather than solitary waves (for short, solitons) are regarded as the energy carriers in nonlinear lattices. In this work, by using the approximate soliton solutions of the corresponding equations of motion and adopting the Boltzmann distribution for these solitons, the average velocities of solitons are obtained and are compared with the sound velocities of energy transfer. Excellent agreements with the numerical results and the predictions of other existing theories are shown in both the symmetric Fermi-Pasta-Ulam-$β$ lattices and the asymmetric Fermi-Pasta-Ulam-$αβ$ lattices. These clearly indicate that solitons are suitable candidates for energy carriers in Fermi-Pasta-Ulam lattices. In addition, the root-mean-square velocity of solitons can be obtained from the effective phonons theory.
description: 18 pages, 4 figures
Additional file 6 of Benchmarking hybrid assembly approaches for genomic analyses of bacterial pathogens using Illumina and Oxford Nanopore sequencing
Creators: name: Chen, Zhao
name: Erickson, David L.
name: Meng, Jianghong
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 6: Table S6. Thirty strains of Cronobacter sakazakii.
A unified model for tidal disruption events
Creators: name: Dai, Lixin
name: McKinney, Jonathan C.
name: Roth, Nathaniel
name: Ramirez-Ruiz, Enrico
name: Miller, M. Coleman
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the past few years wide-field optical and UV transient surveys as well as X-ray telescopes have allowed us to identify a few dozen candidate tidal disruption events (TDEs). While in theory the physical processes in TDEs are expected to be ubiquitous, a few distinct classes of TDEs have been observed. Some TDEs radiate mainly in NUV/optical while others produce prominent X-rays. Moreover, relativistic jets have been observed in only a handful of TDEs. This diversity might be related to the details of the super-Eddington accretion and emission physics relevant to TDE disks. In this Letter, we utilize novel three-dimensional general relativistic radiation magnetohydrodynamics simulations to study the super-Eddington compact disk phase expected in TDEs. Consistent with previous studies, geometrically thick disks, wide-angle optically-thick fast outflows and relativistic jets are produced. The outflow density and velocity depend sensitively on the inclination angle, and hence so does the reprocessing of emission produced from the inner disk. We then use Monte-Carlo radiative transfer to calculate the reprocessed spectra and find that that the observed ratio of optical to X-ray fluxes increases with increasing inclination angle. This naturally leads to a unified model for different classes of TDEs in which the spectral properties of the TDE depend mainly on the viewing-angle of the observer with respect to the orientation of the disk.
description: Accepted to ApJ Letters