cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Design of Dual-path Fused Floating-point Add-Subtract Unit
Creators: name: Hamed Sharieff, Yaseen Sherif
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 2021
Subjects: Fused Add-Subtract
Dual-path
Far path
Close path
Leading Zero Anticipator

description: A Fused Floating-point Add-Subtract Unit is a module that takes two operands as inputs and provides both the sum and difference of the inputs as the outputs simultaneously. This unit is used widely in Digital Signal Processing (DSP) applications like Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) and Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT) butterfly operations. The unit is designed for Single-precision, Double-Precision and bfloat16 floating point data formats. The Dual-path algorithm is used to improve the performance of floating point fused addition/subtraction. The far and close path modules (Dual-path design) designed for higher performance is taken as a reference design and timing analysis is done individually on far and close path timing arcs. Depending on the timing analysis, a modified close-path design is proposed which does not compromise performance much when compared to the reference design and also consumes lesser area and lower power. The reference and modified designs are synthesized using a 28nm standard-cell library. The proposed design requires approximately 33% less area and 17% less power than the reference design for both Single-precision and Double-precision designs, and requires 27% less area and 12% less power than the reference design for bfloat16 design.
Charge Fractionalization in nonchiral Luttinger systems
Creators: name: Hur, Karyn Le
name: Halperin, Bertrand I.
name: Yacoby, Amir
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: One-dimensional metals, such as quantum wires or carbon nanotubes, can carry charge in arbitrary units, smaller or larger than a single electron charge. However, according to Luttinger theory, which describes the low-energy excitations of such systems, when a single electron is injected by tunneling into the middle of such a wire, it will tend to break up into separate charge pulses, moving in opposite directions, which carry definite fractions $f$ and $(1-f)$ of the electron charge, determined by a parameter $g$ that measures the strength of charge interactions in the wire. (The injected electron will also produce a spin excitation, which will travel at a different velocity than the charge excitations.) Observing charge fractionalization physics in an experiment is a challenge in those (nonchiral) low-dimensional systems which are adiabatically coupled to Fermi liquid leads. We theoretically discuss a first important step towards the observation of charge fractionalization in quantum wires based on momentum-resolved tunneling and multi-terminal geometries, and explain the recent experimental results of H. Steinberg {\it et al.}, Nature Physics {\bf 4}, 116 (2008).
description: 31 pages, final version to appear in Annals of Physics
Dielectronic recombination for boronlike ions
Creators: name: Savin, Daniel Wolf
name: Chen, M. H.
name: Reed, K. J.
name: Guo, D. S.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1998
Subjects: Astrophysics
Plasma (Ionized gases)
Physics

description: We have calculated the total dielectronic recombination (DR) coefficients for the 2P1/2 and 2P3/2 states in B-like Ti17+, Fe21+, and Mo37+ ions for electron temperatures 0.1
Hole states in wide band-gap diluted magnetic semiconductors and oxides
Creators: name: Dietl, Tomasz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Puzzling disagreement between photoemission and optical findings in magnetically doped GaN and ZnO is explained within a generalized alloy theory. The obtained results show that the strong coupling between valence-band holes and localized spins gives rise to a mid-gap Zhang-Rice-like state, to a sign reversal of the apparent p-d exchange integral, and to an increase of the band-gap with the magnetic ion concentration.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures
Weak equivalence classes of complex vector bundles
Creators: name: Le, Hong-Van
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 55R25, 55R37

description: For any complex vector bundle $E^k$ of rank $k$ over a manifold $M^m$ with Chern classes $c_i \in H^{2i}(M^m,\Z)$ and any non-negative integers $l_1, >..., l_k$ we show the existence of a positive number $N(k,m)$ and the existence of a complex vector bundle $\hat E^k$ over $M^m$ whose Chern classes are $ N(k,m) \cdot l_i\cdot c_i\in H^{2i} (M^m,\Z)$. We also discuss a version of this statement for holomorphic vector bundles over projective algebraic manifolds.
description: This note contains also a new full proof of Proposition 2.7 of my previous note "Realizing homology classes by symplectic submanifolds"
Computational Complexity of Iterative Processes
Creators: name: Traub, Joseph F.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1972
Subjects: subject: Iterative methods (Mathematics)
subject: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Computational complexity
subject: Computer science

description: The theory of optimal algorithmic processes is part of computational complexity. This paper deals with analytic computational complexity. The relation between the goodness of an iteration algorithm and its new function evaluation and memory requirements are analyzed. A new conjecture is stated.
Bubble kinematics in a sheared foam
Creators: name: Wang, Yuhong
name: Krishan, Kapilanjan
name: Dennin, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We characterize the kinematics of bubbles in a sheared two-dimensional foam using statistical measures. We consider the distributions of both bubble velocities and displacements. The results are discussed in the context of the expected behavior for a thermal system and simulations of the bubble model. There is general agreement between the experiments and the simulation, but notable differences in the velocity distributions point to interesting elements of the sheared foam not captured by prevalent models.
Computer Vision Tool for Detection, Mapping and Fault Classification of PV Modules in Aerial IR Videos
Creators: name: Bommes, Lukas
name: Pickel, Tobias
name: Buerhop-Lutz, Claudia
name: Hauch, Jens
name: Brabec, Christoph
name: Peters, Ian Marius
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Increasing deployment of photovoltaics (PV) plants demands for cheap and fast inspection. A viable tool for this task is thermographic imaging by unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV). In this work, we develop a computer vision tool for the semi-automatic extraction of PV modules from thermographic UAV videos. We use it to curate a dataset containing 4.3 million IR images of 107842 PV modules from thermographic videos of seven different PV plants. To demonstrate its use for automated PV plant inspection, we train a ResNet-50 to classify ten common module anomalies with more than 90 % test accuracy. Experiments show that our tool generalizes well to different PV plants. It successfully extracts PV modules from 512 out of 561 plant rows. Failures are mostly due to an inappropriate UAV trajectory and erroneous module segmentation. Including all manual steps our tool enables inspection of 3.5 MW p to 9 MW p of PV installations per day, potentially scaling to multi-gigawatt plants due to its parallel nature. While we present an effective method for automated PV plant inspection, we are also confident that our approach helps to meet the growing demand for large thermographic datasets for machine learning tasks, such as power prediction or unsupervised defect identification.
Arterial hypoxemia and performance during intense exercise
Creators: name: Koskolou, Maria D.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: A substantial decrease in percent arterial hemoglobin saturation (%SaC₂) has been observed in some highly aerobically trained athletes during intense exercise [≥ 90% of maximal oxygen uptake (V0₂[formula omitted]) or oxygen uptake (VO₂) ≥ 3.5 1‧minˉ¹] at sea level, and a reduction in %Sa0₂ has been associated with impaired performance. In order to explore the level of hypoxemia which is sufficient to impair maximal performance, 7 well-trained male cyclists (V0₂[formula omitted] ≥ 60 ml‧kgˉ¹‧minˉ¹ or V0₂[formula omitted] ≥ 5 1‧minˉ¹) who did not develop exercise-induced hypoxemia performed a 5-min performance cycle test to exhaustion at maximal intensity as controlled by the subject, under three experimental conditions: normoxemia (%SaO₂ > 94%), and artificially induced mild (%SaO₂ = 87±1%) and moderate (%SaO₂ = 90±1%) hypoxemia. %SaO₂ was continuously measured using an ear oximeter. In the two hypoxemic conditions, pure N₂ was added to the inspired air throughout the performance test according to the oximeter readings so as to achieve the desired hypoxemic level averaged over the 5-min period. Performance was evaluated as the total work output (Worktot) performed in the 5-min cycle test. Heart rate and ventilatory parameters were measured continuously during the test. ANOVA for repeated measures was used to compare differences in the results among the three experimental conditions. Performance progressively decreased with decreasing %SaO₂ (mean Worktot = 107.40 kJ, 104.07 kJ, and 102.52 kJ, under normoxemia, mild, and moderate hypoxemia, respectively), but only performance in the moderate hypoxemia condition was significantly different than normoxemia (p = 0.0216). Mean heart rate (HR) was similar in the three experimental conditions (p = 0.9536). Similarly, mean VO₂ was not significantly different among conditions (p = 0.1751). However, end-tidal partial pressure of CO₂ (PETCO₂) was significantly lower (p = 0.0053) during moderate hypoxemia compared with normoxemia, and VE/VCO₂ was significantly higher (p = 0.0052) in both hypoxemic conditions when compared with normoxemia, indicating hyperventilation possibly compensating for increasing metabolic acidosis during hypoxemia. It is concluded that maximal performance capacity is significantly impaired in highly trained cyclists working under an arterial oxyhemoglobin saturation level of 87% but not under a milder desaturation level of 90%. Since VO₂ was not different among the experimental conditions, the reduction in maximal performance capacity is possibly related to a worsening of the metabolic acidosis elicited by hypoxemia.
Factors associated with loss to clinic among HIV patients not yet known to be eligible for antiretroviral therapy (ART) in Mozambique
Creators: name: Pati, Ritupama
name: Lahuerta Sanau, Maria
name: Elul, Batya O.
name: Okamura, Mie
name: Alvim, Maria Fernanda
name: Schackman, Bruce
name: Bang, Heejung
name: Fernandes, Rufino
name: Assan, Americo
name: Lima, Josue
name: Nash, Denis
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2013
Subjects: Epidemiology

description: Introduction: Retention in HIV care prior to ART initiation is generally felt to be suboptimal, but has not been wellcharacterized. Methods: We examined data on 37,352 adult pre-ART patients (ART ineligible or unknown eligibility) who enrolled in care during 2005-2008 with > 1 clinical visit at 23 clinics in Mozambique.We defined loss to clinic (LTC) as > 12 months since the last visit among those not known to have died/transferred. Cox proportional-hazards models were used to examine factors associated with LTC, accounting for clustering within sites. Results: Of 37,352 pre-ART patients, 61% had a CD4 count within three months of enrolment (median CD4: 452, IQR: 345-611). 17,598 (47.1%) were ART ineligible and 19,754 (52.9%) were of unknown eligibility status at enrolment because of missing information on CD4 count and/or WHO stage. Kaplan-Meier estimates for LTC at 12 months were 41% (95% CI: 40.2-41.8) and 48% (95% CI: 47.2-48.8), respectively. Factors associated with LTC among ART ineligible patients included male sex (AHRmen_vs_non-pregnant women: 1.5; 95% CI: 1.4-1.6) and being pregnant at enrolment (AHRpregnant_vs_non-pregnant women: 1.3; 95% CI: 1.1-1.5). Older age, more education, higher weight and more advanced WHO stage at enrolment were independently associated with lower risks of LTC. Similar findings were observed among patients whose ART eligibility status was unknown at enrolment. Conclusions: Substantial LTC occurred prior to ART initiation among patients not yet known to be eligible for ART, including nearly half of patients without documented ART eligibility assessment. Interventions are needed to target pre-ART patients who may be at higher risk for LTC, including pregnant women and patients with less advanced HIV disease.
Ground reaction force patterns in children with idiopathic unilateral clubfeet
Creators: name: Sawatzky, Bonita J.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Clubfoot is a common birth defect affecting 2-3 children per 100 live births. The child is born with a foot in equinus, forefoot adduction, and heel varus. The defect primarily lies within the subtalar joint, the articulation between the talus and calcaneus. Assessment of the clubfoot, to date, depends upon clinical measurement, radiographic measurements, and observations of the child's gait. The clinical measurements are subjective in nature. While the radiographic measures are more objective, they have shown to be poorly correlated with the clinical outcome. The problem in assessing clubfeet is the lack of a dynamic objective assessment which correlates well with the clinical assessment. The purpose of this study is examine the differences between ground reaction force patterns in children with normal feet versus children with clubfeet, and more specifically determine whether there is a significant correlation between subtalar motion and vertical moment. Three groups of feet were used for the study: the first group included one foot from children with normal feet (n=16), the second group included the affected clubfoot of children with unilateral clubfoot (n=7), and the third group included the intact foot of the children with clubfoot (n=7). The children's feet were clinically examined by an orthopaedic resident, measuring ankle and subtalar range of motion, and heel position on stance. Ground reaction force data was collected with 3 trials for each group for each subject. One way ANOVA's showed significant differences between the clubfoot group and the intact foot group and the normal foot group for all clinical parameters. Regression analysis showed that the net vertical moment correlated highly (r=.84) with the subtalar range of motion and heel position in the clubfoot and intact groups, however, not the normal group. For example, a more rigid, varus foot produced a greater internal net torque. The net anterior-posterior impulse correlated highly (r=.92) with ankle range of motion. Thus, an ankle with a greater range of motion produced a greater propulsive force. The rigid and varus nature of the clubfoot does reduce the foot's ability to efficiently absorb and transmit the torque produced by the leg. The restricted ankle range of motion in the clubfoot also affects the ability for the foot to produce a normal powerful propulsive force during gait. This limited propulsion may be cause by the current standard of treatment of the clubfoot. A surgeon could perform an anterior wedge osteotomy of the tibia instead of an achilles lengthening to obtain adequate dorsiflexion and maintain a strong plantarflexor muscle. Before any of these conclusions can be made with confidence, a study with more subjects needs to be undertaken.
Oscillating Nernst-Ettingshausen effect in Bismuth across the quantum limit
Creators: name: Behnia, Kamran
name: Measson, Marie-Aude
name: Kopelevich, Yakov
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In elemental Bismuth, 10$^5$ atoms share a single itinerant electron. Therefore, a moderate magnetic field can confine electrons to the lowest Landau level. We report on the first study of metallic thermoelectricity in this regime. The main thermoelectric response is off-diagonal with an oscillating component several times larger than the non-oscillating background. When the first Landau level attains the Fermi Energy, both the Nernst and the Ettingshausen coefficients sharply peak, and the latter attains a temperature-independent maximum. A qualitative agreement with a theory invoking current-carrying edge excitations is observed.
description: Final published version
[Southeastern Pomo field notebook 2]
Creators: name: Brown, Jim
name: Kelsey, Effie
name: Moshinsky, Julius
name: Thomas, Albert
name: Wolfin, Josephine
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: pom
subject: Southeastern Pomo language

description: Contains vocabulary and sentences (numbered II); digital scans in Moshinsky.003.
title: Математическая обработка результатов эксперимента
Creators: name: ELS IPR BOOKS
Publisher: name: Ай Пи Ар Медиа
Year: 2024

description: В учебнике изложены виды исследований, методы моделирования случайных процессов и динамических систем горных машин, основы теории планирования эксперимента, построения математических моделей и статистических проверок гипотез. Приведены основные теоремы и критерии подобия при моделировании процессов горных машин, основы регрессионного анализа. Подготовлен в соответствии с требованиями Федерального государственного образовательного стандарта высшего образования. Учебник предназначен для студентов, обучающихся по укрупненной группе специальностей и направлений подготовки высшего образования «Прикладная геология, горное дело, нефтегазовое дело и геодезия», изучающих дисциплину «Математическая обработка результатов эксперимента».
Hall Effects on Casson Fluid Flow along a Vertical Plate
Creators: name: Akter, Mst. Sonia
name: Islam, Mohammad Rafiqul
name: Mollah, Md. Tusher
name: Alam, Md. Mahmud
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The Hall effects on Casson fluid flow along a vertical plate has been investigated numerically. The governing equations have been derived from Navier-Stokes' equation and boundary layer approximation has been employed. By using usual transformations, the obtained non-linear coupled partial differential equations have been transformed into dimensionless governing equations. These equations have been solved by applying the explicit finite difference method. The MATLAB R2015a tool has been used for numerical simulation. The stability and convergence criteria have been analyzed. The effect of some important parameters on the primary velocity, secondary velocity, temperature and concentration distributions as well as local shear stress, Nusselt number and Sherwood number have been shown graphically.
Trade, Balance of Payments and Growth
Creators: name: Bhagwati, Jagdish N.
name: Lecomber, Richard
name: Jones, Ronald W.
name: Mundell, Robert A.
name: Vanek, Jaroslav
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1972
Subjects: Economics

description: Reviews the book Trade, Balance of Payments and Growth, edited by J. Bhagwati, R.W. Jones, R.A. Mundell and J. Vanek.
Strong electron-phonon coupling in the rare-earth carbide superconductor La2C3
Creators: name: Kim, J. S.
name: Xie, W. -H.
name: Kremer, R. K.
name: Babizhetskyy, V.
name: Jepsen, O.
name: Simon, A.
name: Ahn, K. S.
name: Raquet, B.
name: Rakoto, H.
name: Broto, J. -M.
name: Ouladdiaf, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the results of a crystal structure determination using neutron powder diffraction as well as the superconducting properties of the rare-earth sesquicarbide La2C3 (Tc ~ 13.4 K) by means of specific heat and upper critical field measurements. From the detailed analysis of the specific heat and a comparison with ab-initio electronic structure calculations, a quantitative estimate of the electron-phonon coupling strength and the logarithmic average phonon frequency is made. The electron-phonon coupling constant is determined to λ~ 1.35. The electron-phonon coupling to low energy phonon modes is found to be the leading mechanism for the superconductivity. Our results suggest that La2C3 is in the strong coupling regime, and the relevant phonon modes are La-related rather than C-C stretching modes. The upper critical field shows a clear enhancement with respect to the Werthamer-Helfand-Hohenberg prediction, consistent with strong electron-phonon coupling. Possible effects on the superconducting properties due to the noncentrosymmetry of the crystal structure are discussed.
description: 12 pages, 11 figures, submitted to Phys. Rev. B
The Right Question to Ask About Intervention in Libya
Creators: name: Mitchell, Lincoln A.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2011
Subjects: International relations

description: As Libya moves closer to possible civil war and what began as peaceful demonstrations against an autocratic leader have turned increasingly violent, the question of possible U.S. intervention has become significantly more real. Various proposals for U.S. action including a blockade, a no-fly zone, and a military intervention have already been raised.
[Southeastern Pomo field notebook 1]
Creators: name: Barnes, Grace
name: Brown, Jim
name: Kelsey, Effie
name: Kelsey, John
name: Moshinsky, Julius
name: Thomas, Albert
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: pom
subject: Southeastern Pomo language

description: Contains vocabulary and sentences (numbered I); digital scans in Moshinsky.003.
PalProtect: A Collaborative Security Approach to Comment Spam
Creators: name: Wong, Benny
name: Locasto, Michael E.
name: Keromytis, Angelos D.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2006
Subjects: Computer science

description: Collaborative security is a promising solution to many types of security problems. Organizations and individuals often have a limited amount of resources to detect and respond to the threat of automated attacks. Enabling them to take advantage of the resources of their peers by sharing information related to such threats is a major step towards automating defense systems. In particular, comment spam posted on blogs as a way for attackers to do search engine optimization (SEO) is a major annoyance. Many measures have been proposed to thwart such spam, but all such measures are currently enacted and operate within one administrative domain. We propose and implement a system for cross-domain information sharing to improve the quality and speed of defense against such spam.
On the HI content, dust-to-gas ratio and nature of MgII absorbers
Creators: name: Ménard, Brice
name: Chelouche, Doron
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We estimate the mean dust-to-gas ratio of MgII absorbers as a function of rest equivalent width W_0 and redshift over the range 0.5 and W_0, an indicator of gas velocity dispersion. By combining these results with recent dust-reddening measurements we show that the mean dust-to-gas ratio of MgII absorbers does not appreciably depend on rest equivalent width. Assuming that, on average, dust-to-gas ratio is proportional to metallicity, we find its redshift evolution to be consistent with that of L^star galaxies from z=0.5 to 1.4 and we show that our constraints disfavor dwarf galaxies as the origin of such absorbers. We discuss other scenarii and favor galactic outflows from ~L^star galaxies as the origin of the majority of strong MgII absorbers. Finally, we show that, once evolutionary effects are taken into account, the Bohlin et al. relation between A_V and N_H is also satisfied by strong MgII systems down to lower column densities than those probed in our Galaxy.
description: 9 pages, minor changes to match the version accepted for publication in MNRAS
The effect of the streaming instability on protoplanetary disc emission at millimetre wavelengths
Creators: name: Scardoni, Chiara E.
name: Booth, Richard A.
name: Clarke, Cathie J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we investigate whether overdensity formation via streaming instability is consistent with recent multi-wavelength ALMA observations in the Lupus star forming region. We simulate the local action of streaming instability in 2D using the code ATHENA, and examine the radiative properties at mm wavelengths of the resulting clumpy dust distribution by focusing on two observable quantities: the optically thick fraction $ff$ (in ALMA band 6) and the spectral index $α$ (in bands 3-7). By comparing the simulated distribution in the $ff-α$ plane before and after the action of streaming instability, we observe that clump formation causes $ff$ to drop, because of the suppression of emission from grains that end up in optically thick clumps. $α$, instead, can either increase or decline after the action of streaming instability; we use a simple toy model to demonstrate that this behaviour depends on the sizes of the grains whose emission is suppressed by being incorporated in optically thick clumps. In particular, the sign of evolution of $α$ depends on whether grains near the opacity maximum at a few tenths of a mm end up in clumps. By comparing the simulation distributions before/after clump formation to the data distribution, we note that the action of streaming instability drives simulations towards the area of the plane where the data are located. We furthermore demonstrate that this behaviour is replicated in integrated disc models provided that the instability is operative over a region of the disc that contributes significantly to the total mm flux.
description: 16 pages, 13 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Exact Master Equation and Quantum Decoherence of Two Coupled Harmonic Oscillators in a General Environment
Creators: name: Chou, Chung-Hsien
name: Yu, Ting
name: Hu, B. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we derive an exact master equation for two coupled quantum harmonic oscillators interacting via bilinear coupling with a common environment at arbitrary temperature made up of many harmonic oscillators with a general spectral density function. We first show a simple derivation based on the observation that the two-harmonic oscillator model can be effectively mapped into that of a single harmonic oscillator in a general environment plus a free harmonic oscillator. Since the exact one harmonic oscillator master equation is available [Hu, Paz and Zhang, Phys. Rev. D \textbf{45}, 2843 (1992)], the exact master equation with all its coefficients for this two harmonic oscillator model can be easily deduced from the known results of the single harmonic oscillator case. In the second part we give an influence functional treatment of this model and provide explicit expressions for the evolutionary operator of the reduced density matrix which are useful for the study of decoherence and disentanglement issues. We show three applications of this master equation: on the decoherence and disentanglement of two harmonic oscillators due to their interaction with a common environment under Markovian approximation, and a derivation of the uncertainty principle at finite temperature for a composite object, modeled by two interacting harmonic oscillators. The exact master equation for two, and its generalization to $N$, harmonic oscillators interacting with a general environment are expected to be useful for the analysis of quantum coherence, entanglement, fluctuations and dissipation of mesoscopic objects towards the construction of a theoretical framework for macroscopic quantum phenomena.
description: 35 pages, revtex, no figures, 2nd version, references added, to appear in PRE
A DIY Collection
Creators: name: Freedman, Jenna
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2006
Subjects: Library science

description: The article discusses the collection of zines which the Barnard College library has been accumulating since 2003. The author describes how the proposal to collect zines was written and sold to the college's administration. Tips on how to acquire and organize a library zine collection are offered. Payment options, distributors, cataloging, and preservation are also examined.
Black hole entropy and quantum information
Creators: name: Duff, M. J.
name: Ferrara, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We review some recently established connections between the mathematics of black hole entropy in string theory and that of multipartite entanglement in quantum information theory. In the case of N=2 black holes and the entanglement of three qubits, the quartic [SL(2)]^3 invariant, Cayley's hyperdeterminant, provides both the black hole entropy and the measure of tripartite entanglement. In the case of N=8 black holes and the entanglement of seven qubits, the quartic E_7 invariant of Cartan provides both the black hole entropy and the measure of a particular tripartite entanglement encoded in the Fano plane.
description: Minor Improvements. 22 pages latex
Do Not Speak about Love. Speak about Compassion.
Creators: name: Steinsaltz, Adin
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Philosophy
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: First, let me say one or two things about the word love. Love is such a used, abused, and misused word that people should possibly stay away from it. We use it for all kinds of purposes, to contain all kinds of meanings. Most of them are completely disconnected and unimportant. The word is especially abused in the English language, where you have love and divine love and "whatever" love. You have also the phrase making love, which is not exactly like love, but at least has a veiy clear-cut meaning. We should use other words for this, in order not be confused and mistaken. Today, we will look at the concept of love in international affairs and love in the university. The very combinations seem somehow impossible, or perhaps too ugly, to contemplate. Having discussed the problems with the word love, let me say a few words about how I would define it. I am not going to try to make a comprehensive definition—it's too complex and too hard. But to make a definition that has a clear meaning, clear enough to comprehend in itself, and to set borders and limits, let us say that— in essence—love is the basic experience of a feeling for the Other. In its simplest form, it is the motion of going out from myself toward the Other. That is the essence of love, and therefore any other meaning you give the word is marring it, obscuring it or making fraudulent claims.
CTC-based Compression for Direct Speech Translation
Creators: name: Gaido, Marco
name: Cettolo, Mauro
name: Negri, Matteo
name: Turchi, Marco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Previous studies demonstrated that a dynamic phone-informed compression of the input audio is beneficial for speech translation (ST). However, they required a dedicated model for phone recognition and did not test this solution for direct ST, in which a single model translates the input audio into the target language without intermediate representations. In this work, we propose the first method able to perform a dynamic compression of the input indirect ST models. In particular, we exploit the Connectionist Temporal Classification (CTC) to compress the input sequence according to its phonetic characteristics. Our experiments demonstrate that our solution brings a 1.3-1.5 BLEU improvement over a strong baseline on two language pairs (English-Italian and English-German), contextually reducing the memory footprint by more than 10%.
description: Accepted at EACL2021
Multiobjective Bilevel Evolutionary Approach for Off-Grid Direction-of-Arrival Estimation
Creators: name: Yan, Bai
name: Zhao, Qi
name: Zhang, Jin
name: Zhang, J. Andrew
name: Yao, Xin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The source number identification is an essential step in direction-of-arrival (DOA) estimation. Existing methods may provide a wrong source number due to inferior statistical properties (in low SNR or limited snapshots) or modeling errors (caused by relaxing sparse penalties), especially in impulsive noise. To address this issue, we propose a novel idea of simultaneous source number identification and DOA estimation. We formulate a multiobjective off-grid DOA estimation model to realize this idea, by which the source number can be automatically identified together with DOA estimation. In particular, the source number is properly exploited by the $l_0$ norm of impinging signals without relaxations, guaranteeing accuracy. Furthermore, we design a multiobjective bilevel evolutionary algorithm to solve the proposed model. The source number identification and sparse recovery are simultaneously optimized at the on-grid (lower) level. A forward search strategy is developed to further refine the grid at the off-grid (upper) level. This strategy does not need linear approximations and can eliminate the off-grid gap with low computational complexity. Simulation results demonstrate the outperformance of our method in terms of source number and root mean square error.
description: This paper has been submitted to an Elsevier journal for peer-review
Strong Consistency of the Good-Turing Estimator
Creators: name: Wagner, Aaron B.
name: Viswanath, Pramod
name: Kulkarni, Sanjeev R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We consider the problem of estimating the total probability of all symbols that appear with a given frequency in a string of i.i.d. random variables with unknown distribution. We focus on the regime in which the block length is large yet no symbol appears frequently in the string. This is accomplished by allowing the distribution to change with the block length. Under a natural convergence assumption on the sequence of underlying distributions, we show that the total probabilities converge to a deterministic limit, which we characterize. We then show that the Good-Turing total probability estimator is strongly consistent.
description: To appear at IEEE ISIT 2006
Forming complex dextrous manipulations from task primitives
Creators: name: Michelman, Paul
name: Allen, Peter K.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1994
Subjects: Robotics

description: This paper discusses the implementation of complex manipulation tasks with a dextrous hand. The approach used is to build a set of primitive manipulation functions and combine them to form complex tasks. Only fingertip, or precision, manipulations are considered. Each function performs a simple two-dimensional translation or rotation that can be generalized to work with objects of different sizes and using different grasping forces. Complex tasks are sequential combinations of the primitive functions. They are formed by analyzing the workspaces of the individual tasks and controlled by finite state machines. We present a number of examples, including a complex manipulation removing the top of a child-proof medicine bottle-that incorporates different hybrid position/force specifications of the primitive functions of which it is composed. The work has been implemented with a robot hand system using a Utah-MIT hand.
Reminiscence of Suzanne Moore Holder's grandmother's father, Fernandu, a Bear Man from Sonoma County
Creators: name: Holder, Suzanne Moore
name: McLendon, Sally
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: peb
subject: Eastern Pomo language

description: Photocopy of text in both English and Eastern Pomo; with handwritten letter from McLendon to Jesse Sawyer.
Exploiting Raw Images for Real-Scene Super-Resolution
Creators: name: Xu, Xiangyu
name: Ma, Yongrui
name: Sun, Wenxiu
name: Yang, Ming-Hsuan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Super-resolution is a fundamental problem in computer vision which aims to overcome the spatial limitation of camera sensors. While significant progress has been made in single image super-resolution, most algorithms only perform well on synthetic data, which limits their applications in real scenarios. In this paper, we study the problem of real-scene single image super-resolution to bridge the gap between synthetic data and real captured images. We focus on two issues of existing super-resolution algorithms: lack of realistic training data and insufficient utilization of visual information obtained from cameras. To address the first issue, we propose a method to generate more realistic training data by mimicking the imaging process of digital cameras. For the second issue, we develop a two-branch convolutional neural network to exploit the radiance information originally-recorded in raw images. In addition, we propose a dense channel-attention block for better image restoration as well as a learning-based guided filter network for effective color correction. Our model is able to generalize to different cameras without deliberately training on images from specific camera types. Extensive experiments demonstrate that the proposed algorithm can recover fine details and clear structures, and achieve high-quality results for single image super-resolution in real scenes.
description: A larger version with higher-resolution figures is available at: https://sites.google.com/view/xiangyuxu. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1905.12156
Política de educação superior do estado da Bahia: oferta pública e plano estadual de educação
Creators: name: Mota Júnior, Antônio de Macêdo
name: Fialho, Nadia Hage
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 130103 Higher Education
subject: FOS: Educational sciences
subject: 160506 Education Policy
subject: FOS: Political science

description: Este trabalho exploratório, bibliográfico e documental aborda o tema da política de educação superior do Estado da Bahia, objetivo de contextualizar historicamente e caracterizar elementos relevantes da oferta pública, principalmente para as regiões interioranas do território baiano. Além disso, o estudo visa evidenciar aspectos relevantes do atual Plano Estadual de Educação da Bahia (PEE-BA 2016-2026), no que se refere à educação superior. Os resultados demonstraram que as Universidades Estaduais da Bahia (UEBA) mantém posição de grande importância na interiorização do acesso à educação superior pública no Estado, apesar da expansão federal recente. Sobre o PEE-BA 2016-2026, o estudo revelou a presença de metas defasadas e, consequente, necessidade de atualização desse plano.
The effects of prototypic examples and video replay on adolescent girls' acquisition of basic field hockey skills
Creators: name: Russell, Diane
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: This study examined and compared the effect of two feedback methodologies (visual and traditional) on the degree of skill acquisition for the two field hockey skills, Indian dribble and moving drive. Forty-seven female physical education students, ages 12 to 14 years, practised two basic field hockey skills for four consecutive classes. The experimental group was presented with a prototypic example, video feedback (VF), and checklist analysis while the control group was taught by traditional feedback methods which included teacher and student demonstrations in conjunction with verbal feedback. Performance evaluations were made by comparing scores on the Russell (1989) Field Hockey Checklist of Critical Behaviours. Motivational and attitudinal aspects were compared by the use of a Learning Perceptions Questionnaire. An ANCOVA of the Indian dribble performances did not reveal a significant difference between the methodologies. Analysis of the degrees of improvement was made using two comparisons (a) percentage improvement calculations revealed a mean of 27% for the control group and 31% for the experimental group, (b) the Hale and Hale (1972) procedure indicated means of 7.42 and 7.24 for the control and experimental groups, respectively. The ANCOVA of the moving drive indicated a significant difference (F=5.75, p<.05) between the methodologies in favor of the experimental group. The improvement comparisons revealed (a) mean scores of 10% for the control group and 32% for the experimental group, (b) the Hale and Hale procedure results revealed mean scores of 5 and 13 for the control and experimental groups, respectively. The analysis of the Learning Perceptions Questionnaire revealed that the subjects in the experimental group perceived that the checklists helped them to focus on the correct and incorrect behaviours and that watching the prototypic example in conjunction with personal performances helped to improve their skill level, thus providing a motivational element.
Evaluation of the unconfined uniaxial compression test to study the evolution of apparent printable mortar properties during the early age transition regime
Creators: name: Pott, Ursula
name: Wolf, Christoph
name: Petryna, Yuri
name: Stephan, Dietmar
Publisher: name: Elsevier BV
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::620 Ingenieurwissenschaften::620 Ingenieurwissenschaften und zugeordnete Tätigkeiten
subject: apparent Young’s modulus
subject: 3D concrete printing
subject: unconfined uniaxial compression test
subject: influence factors
subject: numerical simulation

description: The aim of this study is the evaluation of the unconfined uniaxial compression test (UUCT) to study the evolution of the apparent material properties of the printable mortar during the early age transition regime between the non-Newtonian fluid and the cohesive frictional material. For this application it is important to establish validated and reliable test procedures. The main focus lies on the determination of the apparent static Young's modulus, which defines limitations for stability failure of 3D printed structures. The results of UUCT beyond the apparent elastic range help to better distinguish between ductile and brittle behavior. A numerical simulation of the UUCT by the Mohr-Coulomb material model with apparent material properties determined by UUCT and direct shear test is able to reproduce the behavior at different ages, including material stiffness and deformation patterns, which is considered as an additional validation of the test procedure.
The Global Trade Architecture and the Developing World
Creators: name: Khor, Martin
name: Ocampo, Jose A.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2009
Subjects: Commerce

description: It can be argued that the main stated objectives of the World Trade Organization are those of raising living standards, full employment and growth of real income, as well as ensuring that developing countries secure a fair share in global trade growth, whilst reduction of tariffs and non-tariff barriers and elimination of discriminatory treatment are instruments to achieve them. However, in practice, the means have many times prevailed over the ends and, in particular, insufficient attention has been given to the "development dimensions" of the global trading system, in particular on what trading rules and complementary policies are necessary to maximize the trade-development link. This paper looks at the major aspects of the trading system and its relations to development. It is divided in six parts. The first summarizes the process and outcome of the Uruguay Round of negotiations that created WTO. The second considers the WTO agenda from the point of view of development. The third analyzes more specifically the proposals on market access that have surrounded the current Doha round. The fourth takes a look at decision making in WTO and its dispute settlement mechanism. The fifth analyzes the proliferation of free trade agreements over recent decades. The sixth draws some brief conclusions.
A standard format for Les Houches Event Files
Creators: name: Alwall, J.
name: Ballestrero, A.
name: Bartalini, P.
name: Belov, S.
name: Boos, E.
name: Buckley, A.
name: Butterworth, J. M.
name: Dudko, L.
name: Frixione, S.
name: Garren, L.
name: Gieseke, S.
name: Gusev, A.
name: Hinchliffe, I.
name: Huston, J.
name: Kersevan, B.
name: Krauss, F.
name: Lavesson, N.
name: Lönnblad, L.
name: Maina, E.
name: Maltoni, F.
name: Mangano, M. L.
name: Moortgat, F.
name: Mrenna, S.
name: Papadopoulos, C. G.
name: Pittau, R.
name: Richardson, P.
name: Seymour, M. H.
name: Sherstnev, A.
name: Sjöstrand, T.
name: Skands, P.
name: Slabospitsky, S. R.
name: Wcas, Z.
name: Webber, B. R.
name: Worek, M.
name: Zeppenfeld, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A standard file format is proposed to store process and event information, primarily output from parton-level event generators for further use by general-purpose ones. The information content is identical with what was already defined by the Les Houches Accord five years ago, but then in terms of Fortran commonblocks. This information is embedded in a minimal XML-style structure, for clarity and to simplify parsing.
description: 8 pages, written within the framework of the MC4LHC-06 workshop, CERN, 17-26 July 2006
DefScriber: a hybrid system for definitional QA
Creators: name: McKeown, Kathleen
name: Blair-Goldensohn, Sasha
name: Schlaikjer, Andrew Hazen
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2003
Subjects: Information technology
Computer science

description: The implementation of DefScriber, a system for question answering (QA) over the internet was discussed. DefScriber generates multi-sentence definitions to answer questions from internet documents, using an innovative combination of goal-driven and data-driven techniques. The goal-driven part of the system uses a set of definitional predicates to identify types of information which should ideally be included in a definition. DefScriber lets users pose questions interactively via its web interface with robust methods that guarantee that a dynamic definition will be generated for any term contained in an internet document.