cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Aided language modelling, responsive communication and eye-gaze technology as communication intervention for adults with Rett syndrome: three experimental single case studies
Creators: name: Wandin, H.
name: Lindberg, P.
name: Sonnander, K.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: To examine the effect of a communication intervention package on expressive communication and visual attention in individuals with Rett syndrome. A modified withdrawal (A-B1-A1-B2-A2) single case experimental design with a direct inter-subject replication across three participants was applied. Three women with Rett syndrome participated. The study took place over a six-week period and comprised 32 sessions with each participant. All sessions were video recorded. During the intervention the communication partner used aided language modelling on a gaze-controlled device in combination with using responsive partner strategies. Expressive communication was assessed as synthesised words per minute and unique synthesised words per minute. Visual attention was assessed as rate of focused gazes (1 s or longer) in interaction. An intervention effect was found on the rate of unique words for all participants. The rate of words increased for two participants when the intervention was introduced but no withdrawal effect could be seen. An intervention effect on visual attention could be seen for one participant. The intervention appeared to have social validity as reported by caregivers. Aided language modelling (ALM), while using responsive partner strategies and a gaze-controlled device may be used with adult individuals with Rett syndrome to increase their rate of expressive communication. Detailed observational measures revealed individual learning patterns, which may provide clinically valuable insights.Implications for RehabilitationAdults with Rett syndrome may benefit from access to gaze-controlled devices in combination with responsive partner strategies.Responsive partner communication may be effective for some individuals with Rett syndrome to increase their rate of synthesised utterances.Rate of focused gazes may be considered as an outcome measure for individuals with oculomotor difficulties when introducing aided language modelling. Adults with Rett syndrome may benefit from access to gaze-controlled devices in combination with responsive partner strategies. Responsive partner communication may be effective for some individuals with Rett syndrome to increase their rate of synthesised utterances. Rate of focused gazes may be considered as an outcome measure for individuals with oculomotor difficulties when introducing aided language modelling.
Gaussian discriminators between $Λ$CDM and wCDM cosmologies using expansion data
Creators: name: Mehrabi, Ahmad
name: Said, Jackson Levi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Gaussian linear model provides a unique way to obtain the posterior probability distribution as well as the Bayesian evidence analytically. Considering the expansion rate data, the Gaussian linear model can be applied for $Λ$CDM, wCDM, and a non-flat $Λ$CDM. In this paper, we simulate the expansion data with various precision and obtain the Bayesian evidence, then it has been used to discriminate the models. The data uncertainty is in the range $σ\in(0.5,10)\%$ and two different sampling rates have been considered. Our results indicate that it is possible to discriminate $w=-1.02$ (or $w=-0.98$) model from the $Λ$CDM $(w=-1)$ with $σ=0.5\%$ uncertainty in expansion rate data. Finally, we perform a parameters inference in both the MCMC and Gaussian linear model, using currently available expansion rate data, and compare the results.
description: Comments are welcome
Die Ortskirche in der universalen Gemeinschaft der Kirchen nach der alten kanonischen Gesetzgebung
Creators: name: Salachas, Dēmētrios I.
Publisher: name: Concilium
Year: 1970

description: Concilium, Bd. 37 Nr. 3 (2001): Concilium: Internationale Zeitschrift für Theologie, Band 37, Heft 3
Racial/ethnic differences in adults in randomized clinical trials of binge eating disorder.
Creators: name: Masheb, Robin M.
name: Safer, Debra L.
name: Bulik, Cynthia M.
name: Wilson, G. Terence
name: Grilo, Carlos M.
name: Crow, Scott J.
name: Kristeller, Jean L.
name: Wilfley, Denise E.
name: Roehrig, James P.
name: Mitchell, James E.
name: Forbush, Kelsie T.
name: Devlin, Michael J.
name: Gorin, Amy A.
name: Striegel, Ruth H.
name: Peterson, Carol B.
name: Bryson, Susan W.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: Recent studies suggest that binge eating disorder (BED) is as prevalent among African American and Hispanic Americans as among Caucasian Americans; however, data regarding the characteristics of treatment-seeking individuals from racial and ethnic minority groups are scarce. The purpose of this study was to investigate racial/ethnic differences in demographic characteristics and eating disorder symptoms in participants enrolled in treatment trials for BED.
On large-scale dynamos with stable stratification and the application to stellar radiative zones
Creators: name: Skoutnev, Valentin
name: Squire, Jonathan
name: Bhattacharjee, Amitava
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Our understanding of large-scale magnetic fields in stellar radiative zones remains fragmented and incomplete. Such magnetic fields, which must be produced by some form of dynamo mechanism, are thought to dominate angular-momentum transport, making them crucial to stellar evolution. A major difficulty is the effect of stable stratification, which generally suppresses dynamo action. We explore the effects of stable stratification on mean-field dynamo theory with a particular focus on a non-helical large-scale dynamo (LSD) mechanism known as the magnetic shear-current effect. We find that the mechanism is robust to increasing stable stratification as long as the original requirements for its operation are met: a source of shear and non-helical magnetic fluctuations (e.g. from a small-scale dynamo). Both are plausibly sourced in the presence of differential rotation. Our idealized direct numerical simulations, supported by mean-field theory, demonstrate the generation of near equipartition large-scale toroidal fields. Additionally, a scan over magnetic Reynolds number shows no change in the growth or saturation of the LSD, providing good numerical evidence of a dynamo mechanism resilient to catastrophic quenching, which has been an issue for helical dynamos. These properties -- the absence of catastrophic quenching and robustness to stable stratification -- make the mechanism a plausible candidate for generating in-situ large-scale magnetic fields in stellar radiative zones.
The measurement of executive function at age 5: Psychometric properties and relationship to academic achievement.
Creators: name: Greenberg, Mark
name: Willoughby, Michael T.
name: Blair, Clancy B.
name: Wirth, R. J.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: This study examined the psychometric properties and criterion validity of a newly developed battery of executive function tasks for use in early childhood. The battery was included in the Family Life Project (FLP), a prospective longitudinal study of families who were over-sampled from low income and African American families at the birth of a new child (N = 1292). Ninety-nine percent (N = 1036) of children who participated in the age 5 home visit completed one or more (M = 5.8, Median = 6) of the six executive function tasks. Results indicated that tasks worked equally well for children residing in low and not low income homes, that task scores were most informative about the ability level of children in the low-average range, that performance on executive function tasks was best characterized by a single factor, and that individual differences on the EF battery were strongly related to a latent variable measuring overall academic achievement, as well as with individual standardized tests that measured phonological awareness, letter-word identification, and early math skills.
Weighted moduli of smoothness of $k$-monotone functions and applications
Creators: name: Kopotun, Kirill A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Let $ω_φ^k(f,δ)_{w,L_q}$ be the Ditzian-Totik modulus with weight $w$, $M^k$ be the cone of $k$-monotone functions on $(-1,1)$, i.e., those functions whose $k$th divided differences are nonnegative for all selections of $k+1$ distinct points in $(-1,1)$, and denote $E (X, Π_n)_{w,q} := \sup_{f\in X} \inf_{P\inΠ_n}\|w(f-P)\|_{L_q}$, where $Π_n$ is the set of algebraic polynomials of degree at most $n$. Additionally, let $w_{α,β}(x) := (1+x)^α(1-x)^β$ be the classical Jacobi weight, and denote by $S_p^{α,β}$ the class of all functions such that $\| w_{α,β}f\|_{L_p}=1$. In this paper, we determine the exact behavior (in terms of $δ$) of $\sup_{f\in S_p^{α,β}\cap M^k} ω_φ^k(f,δ)_{w_{α,β},L_q}$ for $1\leq p, q\leq \infty$ (the interesting case being $q-1/p$ (if $p
Einladung, die bereits im Vollzug befindliche Einheit anzuerkennen
Creators: name: Beozzo, José Oscar
name: Ruggieri, Giuseppe
Publisher: name: Concilium
Year: 1970

description: Concilium, Bd. 37 Nr. 3 (2001): Concilium: Internationale Zeitschrift für Theologie, Band 37, Heft 3
Therapeutic alliance in telephone-administered cognitive–behavioral therapy for hematopoietic stem cell transplant survivors.
Creators: name: Redd, William H.
name: DuHamel, Katherine N.
name: Greene, Paul B.
name: Rini, Christine
name: Mosher, Catherine E.
name: Winkel, Gary
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: A strong therapeutic alliance has been found to predict psychotherapeutic treatment success across a variety of therapeutic modalities and patient populations. However, only a few studies have examined therapeutic alliance as a predictor of psychotherapy outcome among cancer survivors, and none have examined this relation in telephone administered cognitive behavioral therapy (T-CBT). This study evaluated the extent to which therapeutic alliance affected psychotherapy outcomes in survivors of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), a treatment for some cancers.
Design of a low-cost, reconfigurable, standing wheelchair with easy and stable sit-stand-sit transition capability
Creators: name: Sarda, Vivek
name: Dash, Swostik Sourav
name: Varma, D. S. Mohan
name: Shaikh-Mohammed, Javeed
name: Sujatha, S.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biophysics
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Science Policy

description: Assistive devices like Standing Wheelchairs (SWC) have remained out of reach of the economically underprivileged even before the pandemic-induced financial downturn, and more so now. This paper describes the mechanical design of a manual user-actuated SWC that is cost-effective (equivalent of USD 210 in India, ex-factory) and has special features that minimise user effort and accommodates varying body weights (50–110 kg) and dimensions (1.52–1.83 m height). The design includes a six-bar mechanism and spring balancing to optimise user effort during operation. The optimised gas spring incorporates adjustability to minimise each user’s force for sit-stand-sit transitions. The handle shape is ergonomically designed using kinematic analysis to provide convenient gripping positions for actuation. The design has been customised based on parametric studies to suit varying body weights. Overall, the SWC design provides standing functionality with ease of operation, safety locks, customisability, affordability, outdoor mobility and is aesthetically pleasing. Customisability and the low cost of the device would enhance the accessibility of the SWC to a larger group of eligible users.Implications for rehabilitationManual user-operated standing wheelchair design using a six-bar mechanismSpring balancing used to reduce user effort to self-lift to the standing positionKinematic analysis used to determine convenient handle location for user easeCustomisability for wide range of users to ensure correct posture, optimal effortDesign refined through multiple iterations using inputs from users and cliniciansDesign commercialised at an affordable cost, making it accessible to a larger population Manual user-operated standing wheelchair design using a six-bar mechanism Spring balancing used to reduce user effort to self-lift to the standing position Kinematic analysis used to determine convenient handle location for user ease Customisability for wide range of users to ensure correct posture, optimal effort Design refined through multiple iterations using inputs from users and clinicians Design commercialised at an affordable cost, making it accessible to a larger population
An inexpensive family index of risk for mood issues improves identification of pediatric bipolar disorder.
Creators: name: Algorta, Guillermo Perez
name: Youngstrom, Eric A.
name: Findling, Robert L.
name: Phelps, James
name: Youngstrom, Jennifer Kogos
name: Jenkins, Melissa M.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: Family history of mental illness provides important information when evaluating pediatric bipolar disorder (PBD). However, such information is often challenging to gather within clinical settings. This study investigates the feasibility and utility of gathering family history information using an inexpensive method practical for outpatient settings. Families (N=273) completed family history, rating scales, MINI and KSADS interviews about youths 5–18 (median=11) years presenting to an outpatient clinic. Primary caregivers completed a half page Family Index of Risk for Mood issues (FIRM). All families completed the FIRM quickly and easily. Most (78%) reported 1+ relatives having history of mood or substance issues, M=3.7 (SD=3.3). A simple sum of familial mood issues discriminated cases with PBD from all other cases, AUROC=.63, p=.006. FIRM scores were specific to youth mood disorder and not ADHD or disruptive behavior disorder. FIRM scores significantly improved the detection of PBD even controlling for rating scales. No subset of family risk items performed better than the total. Family history information showed clinically meaningful discrimination of PBD. Two different approaches to clinical interpretation showed validity in these clinically realistic data. Inexpensive and clinically practical methods of gathering family history can help to improve the detection of PBD.
The massless thermal field and the thermal fermion bosonization in two dimensions
Creators: name: Akhmedov, Emil
name: Epstein, Henri
name: Moschella, Ugo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We come back to the issue of bosonization of fermions in two spacetime dimension and give a new costruction in the steady state case where left and right moving particles can coexist at two different temperatures. A crucial role in our construction is played by translation invariant infrared states and the corresponding field operators which are naturally linked to the infrared behaviour of the correlation functions. We present two applications: a simple new derivation in the free relativistic case of a formula by Bernard and Doyon and a full operator solution of the massless Thirring model in the steady state case where the left and right movers have two distinct temperatures.
Anyons in the Operational Formalism
Creators: name: Neori, Klil H.
name: Goyal, Philip
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: History and Philosophy of Physics (physics.hist-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The operational formalism to quantum mechanics seeks to base the theory on a firm foundation of physically well-motivated axioms [1]. It has succeeded in deriving the Feynman rules [2] for general quantum systems. Additional elaborations have applied the same logic to the question of identical particles, confirming the so-called Symmetrization Postulate [3]: that the only two options available are fermions and bosons [4,5]. However, this seems to run counter to results in two-dimensional systems, which allow for anyons, particles with statistics which interpolate between Fermi-Dirac and Bose-Einstein (see [6] for a review). In this talk we will show that the results in two dimensions can be made compatible with the operational results. That is, we will show that anyonic behavior is a result of the topology of the space in two dimensions [7], and does not depend on the particles being identical; but that nevertheless, if the particles are identical, the resulting system is still anyonic.
description: Presented at MaxEnt 2014, to be included in proceedings. 9 pages, 7 figures rendered in PGF/TikZ
Chronic hepatitis C and antiviral treatment regimens: Where can psychology contribute?
Creators: name: Evon, Donna M.
name: Golin, Carol E.
name: Keefe, Francis J.
name: Fried, Michael W.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: To evaluate the existing literature on psychological, social, and behavioral aspects of chronic hepatitis C viral (HCV) infection and antiviral treatment; provide the state of the behavioral science in areas that currently hinder HCV-related health outcomes; and make recommendations for areas in which clinical psychology can make significant contributions.
Modification of the simulation code BLonD for lepton rings
Creators: name: Muller, J. F. Esteban
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: BLonD
FCC
FCC-ee
lepton

description: BLonD is a macroparticle simulation code developed at CERN for longitudinal beam dynamics studies, which has been extensively used for hadron synchrotrons. This Note describes the new features included in BLonD to incorporate synchrotron radiation and quantum excitation effects, which enables the use of the code for stability studies in lepton rings. Examples of the application to the FCC-ee case are also presented.
Influencing health behaviour using smart building interventions for people with dementia and mild cognitive impairment: expert interviews and a systematic literature review
Creators: name: Hammink, J. H. W.
name: Moor, J. A.
name: Mohammadi, M.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: Mental Health

description: Behaviour can have an influence on (coping with) chronic conditions such as dementia. Assistive technology can stimulate the daily behaviour of people with dementia, but the mechanisms through which this happens are unclear. Therefore, this paper focuses on potential behaviour change mechanisms, that can be employed in smart building interventions for people with dementia or MCI. This research uses expert interviews with medical experts (n = 9) and a systematic literature review of smart building interventions stimulating health behaviour (n = 12). Results show how facilitation, incentive motivation (i.e., feedback), observational learning and self-efficacy are most promising according to medical experts; if they are appropriately personalised towards needs, preferences as well as abilities. The literature review shows how most of the examined research uses facilitation and incentive motivation to stimulate behaviour. Although positive results are reported in all studies, methodological quality could be improved. For the design of smart building interventions for people with MCI or dementia, facilitation and incentive motivation seem to be promising behaviour change mechanisms. Outcome expectation, observational learning and self-efficacy could reinforcing the aforementioned mechanisms. Future research should focus on how different (environmental, digital) cues can be personalized and can adapt over time, as dementia progresses.IMPLICATIONS FOR REHABILITATIONAssistive technology for people with dementia can have an effect on (health) behaviour, which may in turn influence coping strategies or quality of life.Behaviour change mechanisms can inform the design of assistive technology such as smart building interventions.Facilitation, Incentive Motivation, Observational Learning and Self-efficacy seem promising behaviour change mechanisms for people with dementia or MCI.In any intervention for people with dementia, personalized and adaptable cues are of vital importance. Assistive technology for people with dementia can have an effect on (health) behaviour, which may in turn influence coping strategies or quality of life. Behaviour change mechanisms can inform the design of assistive technology such as smart building interventions. Facilitation, Incentive Motivation, Observational Learning and Self-efficacy seem promising behaviour change mechanisms for people with dementia or MCI. In any intervention for people with dementia, personalized and adaptable cues are of vital importance.
The Role of Policy and Education Reforms in Economic Development: Microeconometric Analyses for Latin America
Creators: name: Kozhaya, Mireille
Publisher: name: Bergische Universität Wuppertal
Year: 2023

description: In my dissertation I focus on three important aspects on the role of policy and education reforms that led to the reduction in child labor rates through out the years and improved the labor force participation of women, for Latin America, taking the country Mexico in particular. First, I focus on evaluating the impact of a policy that targeted at increasing school enrollment and decreasing child labor rates both directly and indirectly. Second, I evaluate the importance of schooling coverage not only to decrease child labor, but also to increase the labor force participation of women with young children. Third, I examine the impacts in the context of the economics crises of the COVID-19 pandemic and the extent to which school closures affected the labor force participation of women with young children. Despite the improvements done in Mexico in school enrollment and child labor rates, 11% (3.2 million) of children aged 5 to 17 years old still engage in child labor. 6.4% of those children were involved in market work that is under the minimumage regulation, 4% performed domestic work in unsuitable conditions, and 0.7% combined both market and domestic work (INEE, 2018a). And despite the increase in the labor force participation of women in Mexico over the past 15 years, in 2019 45% of women compared to 78.5% of men are in the labor force (The World Bank, 2022b). Therefore, in spite of the improvements and the policy measures implemented a lot of work is still to be done to achieve the SDG goals.
No Shock Across Part of a Radio Relic in the Merging Galaxy Cluster ZwCl 2341.1+0000?
Creators: name: Ogrean, G. A.
name: Brueggen, M.
name: van Weeren, R. J.
name: Burgmeier, A.
name: Simionescu, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The galaxy cluster ZwCl 2341.1+0000 is a merging system at z=0.27, which hosts two radio relics and a central, faint, filamentary radio structure. The two radio relics have unusually flat integrated spectral indices of -0.49 +/- 0.18 and -0.76 +/- 0.17, values that cannot be easily reconciled with the theory of standard diffusive shock acceleration of thermal particles at weak merger shocks. We present imaging results from XMM-Newton and Chandra observations of the cluster, aimed to detect and characterise density discontinuities in the ICM. As expected, we detect a density discontinuity near each of the radio relics. However, if these discontinuities are the shock fronts that fuelled the radio emission, then their Mach numbers are surprisingly low, both <=2. We studied the aperture of the density discontinuities, and found that while the NW discontinuity spans the whole length of the NW radio relic, the arc spanned by the SE discontinuity is shorter than the arc spanned by the SE relic. This startling result is in apparent contradiction with our current understanding of the origin of radio relics. Deeper X-ray data are required to confirm our results and to determine the nature of the density discontinuities.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Distinguishing primary and secondary variants of callous-unemotional traits among adolescents in a clinic-referred sample.
Creators: name: Kahn, Rachel E.
name: Frick, Paul J.
name: Kogos Youngstrom, Jennifer
name: Youngstrom, Eric A.
name: Findling, Robert L.
name: Feeny, Norah C.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: The current study used model-based cluster analyses to determine if there are two distinct variants of adolescents (ages 11 - 18) high on callous-unemotional (CU) traits that differ on their level of anxiety and history of trauma. The sample (n = 272) consisted of clinic-referred youths who were primarily African-American (90%) and from low income families. Consistent with hypotheses, three clusters emerged, including a group low on CU traits, as well as two groups high on CU traits that differed in their level of anxiety and past trauma. Consistent with past research on incarcerated adults and adolescents, the group high on anxiety (i.e., secondary variant) was more likely to have histories of abuse and had higher levels of impulsivity, externalizing behaviors, aggression, and behavioral activation. In contrast, the group low on anxiety (i.e., primary variant) scored lower on a measure of behavioral inhibition. On measures of impulsivity and externalizing behavior, the higher scores for the secondary cluster only were found for self-report measures, not on parent-report measures. Youths in the primary cluster also were perceived as less credible reporters than youth in the secondary or cluster low on CU traits. These reporter and credibility differences suggest that adolescents within the primary variant may underreport their level of behavioral disturbance, which has important assessment implications.
A cross-sectional survey investigating wheelchair skills training in Ireland
Creators: name: Mathis, Kimberly
name: Gowran, Rosemary Joan
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Mental Health

description: Wheelchair skills trainings are a vital aspect wheelchair provision yet are arguably overlooked and extent to which training is provided in the Irish context is highly variable. The primary aim of this study was to quantify whether a need exists to further develop wheelchair skills training in Ireland. A cross sectional survey was conducted using SurveyMonkeyTM. Irish health professionals involved in wheelchair service delivery were asked how they offer wheelchair skills trainings and what components of wheelchair skills they train. To collect qualitative information, questions also explored how health professionals would like training to develop. Consensus among respondents was that training is often provided to new users (n = 91, 89%), however, it is limited to mostly transfers and simple mobility techniques. Further, it was reported that advanced mobility skills are sometimes (n = 81, 51%) or never taught (n = 81, 21%). The respondent’s confidence instructing various skills corresponded with the frequency of instruction. The responses captured a shared interest in developing standardised training programs and the development of continued education training in the area. The findings from this study reinforce that a present need exists to further develop wheelchair skills training in Ireland, with the aim of improving Irish wheelchair service providers’ knowledge and confidence in advanced wheelchair skills needed to mobilise and perform activities of daily living.IMPLICATIONS FOR REHABILITATIONCurrent clinical practice in Irish wheelchair service delivery includes basic wheelchair skills training, whereas training in advanced skills needed for improved independent mobility is highly variable.This study raises awareness that health professionals seek formal education and training in wheelchair skills to improve their knowledge and confidence in providing wheelchair skills training.There is a need to develop wheelchair skills training opportunities, both as a requirement for stakeholders involved in wheelchair provision and to address an unmet need for wheelchair users. Current clinical practice in Irish wheelchair service delivery includes basic wheelchair skills training, whereas training in advanced skills needed for improved independent mobility is highly variable. This study raises awareness that health professionals seek formal education and training in wheelchair skills to improve their knowledge and confidence in providing wheelchair skills training. There is a need to develop wheelchair skills training opportunities, both as a requirement for stakeholders involved in wheelchair provision and to address an unmet need for wheelchair users.
On-sky low order non-common path correction of the GPI Calibration Unit
Creators: name: Hartung, Markus
name: Macintosh, Bruce
name: Langlois, Paul
name: Sadakuni, Naru
name: Gavel, Don
name: Wallace, J. Kent
name: Palmer, Dave
name: Poyneer, Lisa
name: Savransky, Dmitry
name: Thomas, Sandrine
name: Dillon, Darren
name: Dunn, Jennifer
name: Hibon, Pascal
name: Rantakyro, Fredrik
name: Goodsell, Stephen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Gemini Planet Imager (GPI) entered on-sky commissioning phase, and had its First Light at the Gemini South telescope in November 2013. Meanwhile, the fast loops for atmospheric correction of the Extreme Adaptive Optics (XAO) system have been closed on many dozen stars at different magnitudes (I=4-8), elevation angles and a variety of seeing conditions, and a stable loop performance was achieved from the beginning. Ultimate contrast performance requires a very low residual wavefront error (design goal 60 nm RMS), and optimization of the planet finding instrument on different ends has just begun to deepen and widen its dark hole region. Laboratory raw contrast benchmarks are in the order of 10^-6 or smaller. In the telescope environment and in standard operations new challenges are faced (changing gravity, temperature, vibrations) that are tackled by a variety of techniques such as Kalman filtering, open-loop models to keep alignment to within 5 mas, speckle nulling, and a calibration unit (CAL). The CAL unit was especially designed by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory to control slowly varying wavefront errors at the focal plane of the apodized Lyot coronagraph by the means of two wavefront sensors: 1) a 7x7 low order Shack-Hartmann SH wavefront sensor (LOWFS), and 2) a special Mach-Zehnder interferometer for mid-order spatial frequencies (HOWFS) - atypical in that the beam is split in the focal plane via a pinhole but recombined in the pupil plane with a beamsplitter. The original design goal aimed for sensing and correcting on a level of a few nm which is extremely challenging in a telescope environment. This paper focuses on non-common path low order wavefront correction as achieved through the CAL unit on sky. We will present the obtained results as well as explain challenges that we are facing.
description: 9 pages, 7 figures, Proc. SPIE 9148 (2014)
Multi-level images around Kerr-Newman black holes
Creators: name: Hou, Yehui
name: Liu, Peng
name: Guo, Minyong
name: Yan, Haopeng
name: Chen, Bin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the lensing effects of Kerr-Newman (KN) black holes and the multi-level images of luminous sources around the black holes. We obtain the analytic forms of the lens equations in KN spacetime and derive approximately their limiting forms for photon emissions near the bounded photon orbits. After deriving the expressions of three key parameters $γ$, $δ$ and $τ$, we investigate the primary, the secondary and the higher-order images of spherical sources and equatorial disk-like sources. In particular, we find that the charge of KN black hole has a significant effect on the higher-order images.
description: Minor revisions. Version accepted for publication on CQG as a Special Issue Article on the impact of EHT observations
Gender-specific effects of an augmented written emotional disclosure intervention on posttraumatic, depressive, and HIV-disease-related outcomes: A randomized, controlled trial.
Creators: name: Fordiani, Joanne
name: Schneiderman, Neil
name: Ironson, Gail
name: Leserman, Jane
name: O'Cleirigh, Conall
name: Fletcher, MaryAnn
name: Stuetzle, Rick
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: Trauma histories and symptoms of PTSD occur at very high rates in people with HIV and are associated with poor disease management and accelerated disease progression. The authors of this study examined the efficacy of a brief written trauma disclosure intervention on posttraumatic stress, depression, HIV-related physical symptoms, and biological markers of HIV disease progression.
Supplemental Table 1.docx
Creators: name: Puglisi, Soraya
name: Calabrese, Anna
name: Ferraù, Francesco
name: Violi, Maria Antonia
name: Laganà, Marta
name: Grisanti, Salvatore
name: Ceccato, Filippo
name: Scaroni, Carla
name: Di Dalmazi, Guido
name: Stigliano, Antonio
name: Altieri, Barbara
name: Canu, Letizia
name: Loli, Paola
name: Pivonello, Rosario
name: Arvat, Emanuela
name: Morelli, Valentina
name: Perotti, Paola
name: Berchialla, Paola
name: Basile, Vittoria
name: Urru, Sara
name: Fiori, Cristian
name: Porpiglia, Francesco
name: Berruti, Alfredo
name: Pia, Anna
name: Reimondo, Giuseppe
name: Cannavò, Salvatore
name: Terzolo, Massimo
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Endocrinology

description: Supplemental Table
A global synchronization theorem for oscillators on a random graph
Creators: name: Kassabov, Martin
name: Strogatz, Steven H.
name: Townsend, Alex
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Consider $n$ identical Kuramoto oscillators on a random graph. Specifically, consider \ER random graphs in which any two oscillators are bidirectionally coupled with unit strength, independently and at random, with probability $0\leq p\leq 1$. We say that a network is globally synchronizing if the oscillators converge to the all-in-phase synchronous state for almost all initial conditions. Is there a critical threshold for $p$ above which global synchrony is extremely likely but below which it is extremely rare? It is suspected that a critical threshold exists and is close to the so-called connectivity threshold, namely, $p\sim \log(n)/n$ for $n \gg 1$. Ling, Xu, and Bandeira made the first progress toward proving a result in this direction: they showed that if $p\gg \log(n)/n^{1/3}$, then \ER networks of Kuramoto oscillators are globally synchronizing with high probability as $n\rightarrow\infty$. Here we improve that result by showing that $p\gg \log^2(n)/n$ suffices. Our estimates are explicit: for example, we can say that there is more than a $99.9996\%$ chance that a random network with $n = 10^6$ and $p>0.01117$ is globally synchronizing.
description: 9 pages, 2 figures
Strain in the mesoscale kinetic Monte Carlo model for sintering
Creators: name: Bjørk, R.
name: Frandsen, H. L.
name: Tikare, V.
name: Olevsky, E.
name: Pryds, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Shrinkage strains measured from microstructural simulations using the mesoscale kinetic Monte Carlo (kMC) model for solid state sintering are discussed. This model represents the microstructure using digitized discrete sites that are either grain or pore sites. The algorithm used to simulate densification by vacancy annihilation removes an isolated pore site at a grain boundary and collapses a column of sites extending from the vacancy to the surface of sintering compact, through the center of mass of the nearest grain. Using this algorithm, the existing published kMC models are shown to produce anisotropic strains for homogeneous powder compacts with aspect ratios different from unity. It is shown that the line direction biases shrinkage strains in proportion the compact dimension aspect ratios. A new algorithm that corrects this bias in strains is proposed; the direction for collapsing the column is determined by choosing a random sample face and subsequently a random point on that face as the end point for an annihilation path with equal probabilities. This algorithm is mathematically and experimentally shown to result in isotropic strains for all samples regardless of their dimensions. Finally, the microstructural evolution is shown to be similar for the new and old annihilation algorithms.
description: 6 pages, 6 figures
Bubble-driven Gas Uplift in Galaxy Clusters and its Velocity Features
Creators: name: Zhang, Congyao
name: Zhuravleva, Irina
name: Gendron-Marsolais, Marie-Lou
name: Churazov, Eugene
name: Schekochihin, Alexander A.
name: Forman, William R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Buoyant bubbles of relativistic plasma are essential for active galactic nucleus feedback in galaxy clusters, stirring and heating the intracluster medium (ICM). Observations suggest that these rising bubbles maintain their integrity and sharp edges much longer than predicted by hydrodynamic simulations. In this study, we assume that bubbles can be modeled as rigid bodies and demonstrate that intact bubbles and their long-term interactions with the ambient ICM play an important role in shaping gas kinematics, forming thin gaseous structures (e.g., H$α$ filaments), and generating internal waves in cluster cores. We find that well-developed eddies are formed in the wake of a buoyantly rising bubble, and it is these eddies, rather than the Darwin drift, that are responsible for most of the gas mass uplift. The eddies gradually elongate along the bubble's direction of motion due to the strong density stratification of the atmosphere and eventually detach from the bubble, quickly evolving into a high-speed jet-like stream propagating towards the cluster center. This picture naturally explains the presence of long straight and horseshoe-shaped H$α$ filaments in the Perseus cluster, inward and outward motions of the gas, and the X-ray-weighted gas velocity distributions near the northwestern bubble observed by Hitomi. Our model reproduces the observed H$α$ velocity structure function of filaments, providing a simple interpretation for its steep scaling and normalization: laminar gas flows and large eddies within filaments driven by the intact bubbles, rather than spatially homogeneous small-scale turbulence, are sufficient to produce a structure function consistent with observations.
description: 18 pages, 16 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Race/ethnicity, education, and treatment parameters as moderators and predictors of outcome in binge eating disorder.
Creators: name: Richards, Lauren K.
name: Boisseau, Christina L.
name: Bryson, Susan W.
name: Crow, Scott J.
name: Kristeller, Jean L.
name: Bulik, Cynthia M.
name: Striegel, Ruth H.
name: Thompson, Douglas R.
name: Safer, Debra L.
name: Masheb, Robin
name: Gorin, Amy A.
name: Devlin, Michael J.
name: Peterson, Carol B.
name: Roehrig, James P.
name: Wilfley, Denise E.
name: Wilson, G. Terence
name: Franko, Debra L.
name: Mitchell, James E.
name: Grilo, Carlos M.
name: Thompson-Brenner, Heather
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: Binge eating disorder (BED) is prevalent among individuals from minority racial/ethnic groups and among individuals with lower levels of education, yet the efficacy of psychosocial treatments for these groups has not been examined in adequately powered analyses. This study investigated the relative variance in treatment retention and post-treatment symptom levels accounted for by demographic, clinical, and treatment variables as moderators and predictors of outcome.
Density distribution function of a self-gravitating isothermal turbulent fluid in the context of molecular clouds ensembles -- III. Virial analysis
Creators: name: Donkov, S.
name: Stefanov, I. Zh.
name: Veltchev, T. V.
name: Klessen, R. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the present work we apply virial analysis to the model of self-gravitating turbulent cloud ensembles introduced by Donkov \& Stefanov in two previous papers, clarifying some aspects of turbulence and extending the model to account not only for supersonic flows but for trans- and subsonic ones as well. Make use of the Eulerian virial theorem at an arbitrary scale, far from the cloud core, we derive an equation for the density profile and solve it in approximate way. The result confirms the solution $\varrho(\ell)=\ell^{-2}$ found in the previous papers. This solution corresponds to three possible configurations for the energy balance. For trans- or subsonic flows, we obtain a balance between the gravitational and thermal energy (Case 1) or between the gravitational, turbulent and thermal energies (Case 2) while for supersonic flows, the possible balance is between the gravitational and turbulent energy (Case 3). In Cases 1 and 2 the energy of the fluid element can be negative or zero end thus the solution is dynamically stable and shall be long lived. In Case 3 the energy of the fluid element is positive or zero, i.e., the solution is unstable or at best marginally bound. At scales near the core, one cannot neglect the second derivative of the moment of inertia of the gas, which prevents derivation of an analytic equation for the density profile. However, we obtain that gas near the core is not virialized and its state is marginally bound since the energy of the fluid element vanishes.
description: 12 pages, no figures; accepted for publication in MNRAS
Practices and views of wheelchair service providers regarding wheelchair-skills training for clients and their caregivers: a global online survey
Creators: name: Kirby, Ronald Lee
name: Smith, Cher
name: Parker, Kim
name: Theriault, Christopher John
name: Sandila, Navjot
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Mental Health
subject: Plant Biology

description: To determine the extent to which wheelchair service providers conduct wheelchair-skills training, the nature of training, and the providers’ perceptions on training. Anonymous global online survey consisting of 29 questions administered via the REDCap electronic data-capture tool to English-speaking wheelchair service providers. We received 309 responses from wheelchair service providers in 35 countries. Of the respondents who responded to the question “…do you typically provide wheelchair-skills training…?” 227 (81.6%) reported “yes, always” or “yes, usually” for clients and 213 (81.9%) for caregivers. The median duration of training sessions for clients and caregivers was 45 and 30 min; the median number of sessions was 2 for both. Regarding the importance of training, 251 (94.4%) answered “very important” for clients and 201 (78.5%) for caregivers. For clients and caregivers, 182 (68.4%) and 191 (74.3%) of respondents considered themselves adequately prepared for the trainer role. A variety of barriers and facilitators to training were identified. Most wheelchair service providers report that they provide wheelchair-skills training for clients and their caregivers, most consider such training to be important and most consider themselves adequately prepared for the training role. However, the amount of training is generally minimal. Further efforts are needed to address the identified barriers to training.IMPLICATIONS FOR REHABILITATIONMost wheelchair-service providers report that they provide wheelchair-skills training.Most consider such training to be important.Most consider themselves adequately prepared.However, the extent of training is generally minimal.These findings have implications for clinicians, educators, and policymakers. Most wheelchair-service providers report that they provide wheelchair-skills training. Most consider such training to be important. Most consider themselves adequately prepared. However, the extent of training is generally minimal. These findings have implications for clinicians, educators, and policymakers.
The 7 Up 7 Down Inventory: A 14-item measure of manic and depressive tendencies carved from the General Behavior Inventory.
Creators: name: Johnson, Sheri L.
name: Findling, Robert L.
name: Murray, Greg
name: Youngstrom, Eric A.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: The aim of this study was to develop and validate manic and depressive scales carved from the full length General Behavior Inventory. The brief version was designed to be applicable for youths and adults, and to improve separation between mania and depression dimensions. Data came from nine studies (two youth clinical samples, aggregate N = 738 and seven non-clinical adult samples, aggregate N = 1756). Items with high factor loadings on the two extracted dimensions of mania and depression were identified from both data sets, and final item selection was based on internal reliability criteria. Confirmatory factor analyses described the two-factor model's fit. Criterion validity was compared between mania and depression scales, and with the full length GBI scales. For both mania and depression factors, seven items produced a psychometrically adequate measure applicable across both aggregate samples. Internal reliability of the Mania scale was .81 (youth) and .83 (adult) and for Depression was .93 (youth) and .95 (adult). By design, the brief scales were less strongly correlated with each other than were the original GBI scales. Construct validity of the new instrument was supported in observed discriminant and convergent relationships with external correlates and discrimination of diagnostic groups. The new brief GBI, the 7 Up 7 Down Inventory (7U7D) demonstrates sound psychometric properties across a wide age range, showing expected relationships with external correlates. The new instrument provides a clearer separation of manic and depressive tendencies than the original.