cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Remedial summer school: an effective alterntive to retention for secondary mathematics students?
Creators: name: McFadyen, Jane Canning
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Students who fail a compulsory course at the secondary level are almost always required to repeat the course the following school year. The literature on retention, however, suggests that this is not a helpful practice. Remedial summer school is an alternative to retention for secondary students. The purpose of the present study was to provide some evidence to support or refute the practice of remedial summer school as an alternative to retention for secondary mathematics students. The study examined the subsequent mathematics achievement of students who had receive incomplete marks in Mathematics 8 during the 1992-93 school year. An ex post facto design was used to compare Mathematics 9 achievement among three groups of students who received incomplete marks in Mathematics 8. The original data analysis, based on dependent samples t-tests, was impossible to complete because of the small number that remained in the sample. However, non-parametric analyses using chisquare tests were conducted on the data and provided information useful to the purpose of the study. For students who received incomplete marks in Mathematics 8, those who participated in summer school were more likely to continue to be enrolled in the district and enrolled in Mathematics 9 than those who did not participate in summer school. However, summer school was not related to passing marks in Mathematics 9. Fifty-five percent of the students who passed Mathematics 8 in summer school failed Mathematics 9 the next year. Participation in summer school did not enable most students to successfully complete Mathematics 8. Summer school may help keep students enrolled in the district and in the regular mathematics stream, but not help them pass Mathematics 9. Recommendations for future practice include early identification of students' learning difficulties in order to provide appropriate remediation techniques and prevent failure. More extensive use of adaptive and modified curriculum as defined in The Special Education Services Manual of Policies, Procedures and Guidelines (Ministry of Education, 1994) is recommended.
Scalar Curvature and Connected Sums Of Self-Dual 4-Manifolds
Creators: name: Kalafat, Mustafa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53C28 (Primary) 14B07 (Secondary)

description: Under a vanishing hypothesis, Donaldson and Friedman proved that the connected sum of two self-dual Riemannian 4-Manifolds is again self-dual. Here we prove that the same result can be extended over to the positive scalar curvature case.
Lyapunov-Stable Orientation Estimator for Humanoid Robots
Creators: name: Benallegue, Mehdi
name: Cisneros, Rafael
name: Benallegue, Abdelaziz
name: Chitour, Yacine
name: Morisawa, Mitsuharu
name: Kanehiro, Fumio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper, we present an observation scheme, with proven Lyapunov stability, for estimating a humanoid's floating base orientation. The idea is to use velocity aided attitude estimation, which requires to know the velocity of the system. This velocity can be obtained by taking into account the kinematic data provided by contact information with the environment and using the IMU and joint encoders. We demonstrate how this operation can be used in the case of a fixed or a moving contact, allowing it to be employed for locomotion. We show how to use this velocity estimation within a selected two-stage state tilt estimator: (i) the first which has a global and quick convergence (ii) and the second which has smooth and robust dynamics. We provide new specific proofs of almost global Lyapunov asymptotic stability and local exponential convergence for this observer. Finally, we assess its performance by employing a comparative simulation and by using it within a closed-loop stabilization scheme for HRP-5P and HRP-2KAI robots performing whole-body kinematic tasks and locomotion.
Lithographic mechanical break junctions for single-molecule measurements in vacuum: possibilities and limitations
Creators: name: Martin, C. A.
name: Ding, D.
name: van der Zant, H. S. J.
name: van Ruitenbeek, J. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have investigated electrical transport through the molecular model systems benzenedithiol, benzenediamine, hexanedithiol and hexanediamine. Conductance histograms under different experimental conditions indicate that measurements using mechanically controllable break junctions in vacuum are limited by the surface density of molecules at the contact. Hexanedithiol histograms typically exhibit a broad peak around 7 * 10^{-4} G_0. In contrast to recent results on STM-based break junctions in solution we find that the spread in single-molecule conductance is not reduced by amino anchoring groups. Histograms of hexanediamine exhibit a very wide peak around 4 * 10^{-4} G_0. For both benzenedithiol and benzenediamine we observe a large variability in low-bias conductance. We attribute these features to the slow breaking of the lithographic mechanically controllable break junctions and the absence of a solvent that may enable molecular readsorption after bond breaking. Nevertheless, we have been able to acquire reproducible current-voltage characteristics of benzenediamine and benzenedithiol using a statistical measurement approach. Benzenedithiol measurements yield a conductance gap of about 0.9 V at room temperature and 0.6 V at 77 K. In contrast, the current-voltage characteristics of benzenediamine-junctions typically display conductance gaps of about 0.9 V at both temperatures.
description: 19 pages, 6 figures; v2: changed wrongly given HDA peak position in abstract to correct value, removed typing mistakes; v3: added three plots, improved discussion, removed typos
Properties of flares and CMEs on EV Lac: Possible erupting filament
Creators: name: Muheki, Priscilla
name: Guenther, Eike W
name: Mutabazi, Tom
name: Jurua, Edward
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Flares and CMEs are very powerful events in which energetic radiation and particles are ejected within a short time. These events thus can strongly affect planets that orbit these stars. This is particularly relevant for planets of M-stars, because these stars stay active for a long time during their evolution and yet potentially habitable planets orbit at short distance. Unfortunately, not much is known about the relation between flares and CMEs in M-stars as only very few CMEs have so far been observed in M-stars. In order to learn more about flares and CMEs on M-stars we monitored the active M-star EV Lac spectroscopically at high resolution. We find 27 flares with energies between 1.6E31 and 1.4E32 erg in Halpha during 127 hours of spectroscopic monitoring and 49 flares with energies between 6.3E31 and 1.1E33 erg during the 457 hours of TESS observation. Statistical analysis shows that the ratio of the continuum flux in the TESS-band to the energy emitted in Halpha is 10.408 +/- 0.026. Analysis of the spectra shows an increase in the flux of the He II 4686 Å line during the impulsive phase of some flares. In three large flares, we detect a continuum source with a temperature between 6 900 and 23 000 K. In none of the flares we find a clear CME event indicating that these must be very rare in active M-stars. However, in one relatively weak event, we found an asymmetry in the Balmer lines of ~220 km/s which we interpret as a signature of an erupting filament.
description: 14 pages, 11 figures
Filigree in the Surroundings of Polar Crown and High-Latitude Filaments
Creators: name: Diercke, A.
name: Kuckein, C.
name: Verma, M.
name: Denker, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: High-resolution observations of polar crown and high-latitude filaments are scarce. We present a unique sample of such filaments observed in high-resolution H$α$ narrow-band filtergrams and broad-band images, which were obtained with a new fast camera system at the Vacuum Tower Telescope (VTT), Tenerife, Spain. The Chromospheric Telescope (ChroTel) provided full-disk context observations in H$α$, Ca II K, and He I 10830 A. The Helioseismic and Magnetic Imager (HMI) and the Atmospheric Imaging Assembly (AIA) on board the Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO) provided line-of-sight magnetograms and ultraviolet (UV) 1700 A filtergrams, respectively. We study filigree in the vicinity of polar crown and high-latitude filaments and relate their locations to magnetic concentrations at the filaments' footpoints. Bright points are a well studied phenomenon in the photosphere at low latitudes, but they were not yet studied in the quiet network close to the poles. We examine size, area, and eccentricity of bright points and find that their morphology is very similar to their counterparts at lower latitudes, but their sizes and areas are larger. Bright points at the footpoints of polar crown filaments are preferentially located at stronger magnetic flux concentrations, which are related to bright regions at the border of supergranules as observed in UV filtergrams. Examining the evolution of bright points on three consecutive days reveals that their amount increases while the filament decays, which indicates they impact the equilibrium of the cool plasma contained in filaments.
description: 26 pages, 11 figures, 1 table, accepted for publication in Solar Physics
XMM-Newton study of the complex and variable spectrum of NGC 4051
Creators: name: Ponti, G.
name: Miniutti, G.
name: Cappi, M.
name: Maraschi, L.
name: Fabian, A. C.
name: Iwasawa, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the X-ray spectral variability of the Narrow Line Seyfert 1 galaxy NGC 4051 as observed during two XMM-Newton observations. The data show evidence for a neutral and constant reflection component and for constant emission from photoionized gas, which are included in all spectral models. The nuclear emission can be modelled both in terms of a ``standard model'' (pivoting power law plus a black body component for the soft excess) and of a two--component one (power law plus ionized reflection from the accretion disc). The standard model results indicate that the soft excess does not follow the standard black body law. Moreover, although the spectral slope is correlated with flux, which is consistent with spectral pivoting, the hardest photon indexes are so flat as to require rather unusual scenarios. These problems can be solved in terms of the two-component model in which the soft excess is not thermal, but due to the ionized reflection component. The variability of the reflection component from the inner disc closely follows the predictions of the light bending model, suggesting that most of the primary nuclear emission is produced in the very innermost regions, only a few gravitational radii from the central black hole. (abridged)
description: accepted for publication in MNRAS
How to Improve Your Virtual Experience -- Exploring the Obstacles of Mainstream VR
Creators: name: Krekhov, Andrey
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: What is Virtual Reality? A professional tool, made to facilitate our everyday tasks? A conceptual mistake, accompanied by cybersickness and unsolved locomotion issues since the very beginning? Or just another source of entertainment that helps us escape from our deteriorating world? The public and scientific opinions in this respect are diverse. Furthermore, as researchers, we sometimes ask ourselves whether our work in this area is really "worth it", given the ambiguous prognosis regarding the future of VR. To tackle this question, we explore three different areas of VR research in this dissertation, namely locomotion, interaction, and perception. We begin our journey by structuring VR locomotion and by introducing a novel locomotion concept for large distance traveling via virtual body resizing. In the second part, we focus on our interaction possibilities in VR. We learn how to represent virtual objects via self-transforming controllers and how to store our items in VR inventories. We design comprehensive 3D gestures for the audience and provide an I/O abstraction layer to facilitate the realization and usage of such diverse interaction modalities. The third part is dedicated to the exploration of perceptual phenomena in VR. In contrast to locomotion and interaction, our contributions in the field of perception emphasize the strong points of immersive setups. We utilize VR to transfer the illusion of virtual body ownership to nonhumanoid avatars and exploit this phenomenon for novel gaming experiences with animals in the leading role. As one of our contributions, we demonstrate how to repurpose the dichoptic presentation capability of immersive setups for preattentive zero-overhead highlighting in visualizations. We round off the dissertation by coming back to VR research in general, providing a critical assessment of our contributions and sharing our lessons learned along the way.
description: 78 pages, 24 figures, PhD thesis
Measurement of the mechanical reservoir spectral density in optomechanical system
Creators: name: Zhang, Wen-Zhao
name: Liang, Xian-Ting
name: Cheng, Jiong
name: Zhou, Ling
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: To investigate the dynamical behavior of a quantum system embedded in a memory environment, it is crucial to obtain the knowledge of the reservoir spectral density. However, such knowledge is usually based on a priori assumptions about the environment. In this paper, we put forward a method to obtain key information about the reservoir spectral density of an optomechanical resonator without additional assumptions about the spectral shape. This is achieved by detecting and analysing the optical transmission rate of the emitted light. In the weak optomechanical singlephoton coupling regime, we establish a simple relation between the output light spectrum and the reservoir spectral density. This provide a straightforward and effective way for reconstructing the spectral density profile in single or even multiple decoherence channels.
Letter from Alice R. Appenzeller to William Elliot Griffis, August 31, 1911
Creators: name: Appenzeller, Alice R.
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 1911

description: Apologizes for late response, thanks Griffis for sending photographs, praises Korea: The Hermit Nation, and congratulates Griffis on the birth of his grandson. Informs Griffis that her uncle (father's elder brother), Jacob, will be able to tell him about the Reformed pastors who grew up under her father.
A multi-scale approach to the computer-aided detection of microcalcification clusters in digital mammograms
Creators: name: Delogu, P.
name: Fantacci, M. E.
name: Retico, A.
name: Stefanini, A.
name: Tata, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A computer-aided detection (CADe) system for the identification of microcalcification clusters in digital mammograms has been developed. It is mainly based on the application of wavelet transforms for image filtering and neural networks for both the feature extraction and the classification procedures. This CADe system is easily adaptable to different databases. We report and compare the FROC curves obtained on the private database we used for developing the CADe system and on the publicly available MIAS database. The results achieved on the two databases show the same trend, thus demonstrating the good generalization capability of the system.
description: 4 pages, 1 figure; Proceedings of the Frontier Science 2005, 4th International Conference on Frontier Science, 12-17 September, 2005, Milano, Italy
Extended HNCO, SiO, and HC$_{3}$N emission in 43 southern star-forming regions
Creators: name: He, Yu-Xin
name: Henkel, Christian
name: Zhou, Jian-Jun
name: Esimbek, Jarken
name: Stutz, Amelia M.
name: Liu, Hong-Li
name: Ji, Wei-Guang
name: Li, Da-Lei
name: Wu, Gang
name: Tang, Xin-Di
name: Komesh, Toktarkhan
name: Sailanbek, Serikbek
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have selected 43 southern massive star-forming regions to study the spatial distribution of HNCO 4$_{04}$-3$_{03}$, SiO 2-1 and HC$_{3}$N 10-9 line emission and to investigate their spatial association with the dust emission. The morphology of HNCO 4$_{04}$-3$_{03}$ and HC$_{3}$N 10-9 agrees well with the dust emission. HC$_{3}$N 10-9 tends to originate from more compact regions than HNCO 4$_{04}$-3$_{03}$ and SiO 2-1. We divided our sources into three groups: those in the Central Molecular Zone (CMZ), those associated with bubbles (Bubble), and the remaining sources, which are termed 'normal star forming regions' (NMSFR). These three groups, subdivided into three different categories with respect to line widths, integrated intensities, and column densities, hint at the presence of different physical and chemical processes. We find that the dust temperature $T_{\rm d}$, and the abundance ratios of $N_{\rm HNCO}/N_{\rm SiO}$ and $N_{\rm HNCO}/N_{\rm HC3N}$ show a decreasing trend towards the central dense regions of CMZ sources, while $N_{\rm HC3N}/N_{\rm SiO}$ moves into the opposite direction. Moreover, a better agreement is found between $T_{\rm d}$ and $N_{\rm HC3N}/N_{\rm SiO}$ in Bubble and NMSFR category sources. Both outflow and inflow activities have been found in eight of the sixteen bubble and NMSFR sources. The low outflow detection rate indicates that in these sources the SiO 2-1 line wing emission is either below our sensitivity limit or that the bulk of the SiO emission may be produced by the expansion of an H{\sc\,ii} region or supernova remnant, which has pushed molecular gas away forming a shock and yielding SiO.
description: 77 pages, 38 figures, 4 tables, accepted for publication in ApJS
Pieri's Formula for Generalized Schur Polynomials
Creators: name: Numata, Yasuhide
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05E05, 05E99, 05C05

description: Young's lattice, the lattice of all Young diagrams, has the Robinson-Schensted-Knuth correspondence, the correspondence between certain matrices and pairs of semi-standard Young tableaux with the same shape. Fomin introduced generalized Schur operators to generalize the Robinson-Schensted-Knuth correspondence. In this sense, generalized Schur operators are generalizations of semi-standard Young tableaux. We define a generalization of Schur polynomials as expansion coefficients of generalized Schur operators. We show that the commutating relation of generalized Schur operators implies Pieri's formula to generalized Schur polynomials.
Παρένθετη Μητρότητα
Creators: name: Κοψαλίδου, Παρασκευή Χρήστου
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2012
Subjects: Παρένθετη
Υποβοήθηση
Συγγένεια
Surrogacy
Motherhood
Pregnancy

description: Σκοπός της διπλωματικής εργασίας ήταν η μελέτη της παρένθετης μητρότητας, μιας μεθόδου υποβοηθούμενης αναπαραγωγής, της οποίας το επιτρεπτό από τον Έλληνα νομοθέτη αποτελεί καινοτομία λόγω των ιδιαιτεροτήτων της. Αρχικά εξετάστηκε γενικώς η έννοια της ιατρικής υποβοήθησης στην ανθρώπινη αναπαραγωγή, αναλύοντας κυρίως τους όρους του επιτρεπτού της. Μπαίνοντας στο κυρίως θέμα, παρουσιάστηκαν οι ειδικοί όροι του επιτρεπτού για την παρένθετη μητρότητα, οι οποίοι πρέπει να συντρέχουν σωρρευτικώς με τους ανωτέρω γενικούς. Στη συνέχεια, εξετάστηκε αναλυτικά η αστική ευθύνη του γιατρού, παραθέτοντας τόσο τα γενικώς ισχύοντα για την ιατρική αστική ευθύνη στο ελληνικό δίκαιο, όσο και τους λόγους κατάφασης ευθύνης στην εν λόγω μέθοδο υποβοήθησης. Ένα άλλο θέμα που θίξαμε τέλος, ήταν η μελέτη των συνεπειών της παρένθετης μητρότητας στο δίκαιο της συγγένειας, καθώς για πρώτη φορά στην ιστορία του ελληνικού δικαίου, η μητρότητα δεν θεμελιώνεται στη γέννηση.
description: The aim of the present thesis was the study of surrogacy, one of the most controversial practices among the various procedures designed to aid infertile couples on having a baby. At first, the study examined the meaning of the assisted reproduction in general, focusing the analysis at the terms that must be followed concerning the legacy of the procedure. Entering the main theme, we presented the special terms allowing the method of surrogate motherhood to be legal. Furthermore, we examined the consequences in civil law, quoting everything that the Greek law prohibits concerning the medical practice and the probability of compensation when the procedure is illegal. Finally, we analyzed the consequences in family law, as it's the first time in the Greek family-law history that motherhood is not connected with the birth of the child. The woman carrying the child is going to give it away after its birth, and she will never become its legal mother.
Expressivity of Quantum Neural Networks
Creators: name: Wu, Yadong
name: Yao, Juan
name: Zhang, Pengfei
name: Zhai, Hui
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, we address the question whether a sufficiently deep quantum neural network can approximate a target function as accurate as possible. We start with simple but typical physical situations that the target functions are physical observables, and then we extend our discussion to situations that the learning targets are not directly physical observables, but can be expressed as physical observables in an enlarged Hilbert space with multiple replicas, such as the Loshimidt echo and the Renyi entropy. The main finding is that an accurate approximation is possible only when the input wave functions in the dataset do not exhaust the entire Hilbert space that the quantum circuit acts on, and more precisely, the Hilbert space dimension of the former has to be less than half of the Hilbert space dimension of the latter. In some cases, this requirement can be satisfied automatically because of the intrinsic properties of the dataset, for instance, when the input wave function has to be symmetric between different replicas. And if this requirement cannot be satisfied by the dataset, we show that the expressivity capabilities can be restored by adding one ancillary qubit where the wave function is always fixed at input. Our studies point toward establishing a quantum neural network analogy of the universal approximation theorem that lays the foundation for expressivity of classical neural networks.
Giant Lyman-alpha nebulae around z>2 radio galaxies: evidence for infall
Creators: name: Humphrey, A.
name: Villar-Martin., M.
name: Fosbury, R.
name: Binette, L.
name: Vernet, J.
name: De Breuck, C.
name: Alighieri, S. di Serego
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an investigation into the possible relationship between side-to-side asymmetries of powerful radio galaxies at high redshift, with the goal of understanding the geometry, orientation and gas dynamics of these sources. Our sample consists of 11 radio galaxies at 2.3
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS
The BFKL Pomeron Calculus in zero transverse dimensions: summation of Pomeron loops and generating functional for the multiparticle production processes
Creators: name: Levin, E.
name: Prygarin, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we address two problems in the BFKL Pomeron calculus in zero transverse dimensions: the summation of the Pomeron loops and the calculation of the processes of multiparticle generation. We introduce a new generating functional for these processes and obtain the evolution equation for it. We argue that in the kinematic range given by $ 1 \ll \ln(1/\as^2) \ll \as Y \ll \frac{1}{\as}$, we can reduce the Pomeron calculus to exchange of non-interacting Pomerons with the renormalized amplitude of their interaction with the target. Therefore, the summation of the Pomeron loops can be performed using Mueller, Patel, Salam and Iancu approximation.
description: 20 pp. 8 figures
The World Soul in American Transcendentalism
Creators: name: Walls, Laura Dassow
Publisher: name: University of Notre Dame
Year: 2024

description: American Transcendentalism, a religious, literary, and social reform movement whose acknowledged leader was Ralph Waldo Emerson, characteristically deployed world soul thinking to harmonize Protestant individualism with Deist rationalism and modern science. Emerson’s “Over-Soul,” whose sources include Platonism, German Idealism, and the transcendental anatomy of Georges Cuvier, enabled the Transcendentalists to distance themselves from orthodox theism by turning God’s magisterial law from outer command into inner creative principle, based on the fundamental concept that all human beings (and, for some, all life) share an inner divine principle that radiates meaning into the world. This chapter draws on William James, who analyzed world soul thinking in terms of the varieties of transcendentalism: this lens suggests that for many Transcendentalists, Emerson’s idealist, absolute monism yielded to a range of pluralist and materialist variants, as seen in Orestes Brownson, Margaret Fuller, Henry David Thoreau, and the radical pluralism of William James himself.
Polymer quantization of CGHS model- I
Creators: name: Laddha, Alok
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a polymer(loop) quantization of a two dimensional theory of dilatonic gravity known as the CGHS model. We recast the theory as a parametrized free field theory on a flat 2-dimensional spacetime and quantize the resulting phase space using techniques of loop quantization. The resulting (kinematical) Hilbert space admits a unitary representation of the spacetime diffeomorphism group. We obtain the complete spectrum of the theory using a technique known as group averaging and perform quantization of Dirac observables on the resulting Hilbert space. We argue that the algebra of Dirac observables gets deformed in the quantum theory. Combining the ideas from parametrized field theory with certain relational observables, evolution is defined in the quantum theory in the Heisenberg picture. Finally the dilaton field is quantized on the physical Hilbert space which carries information about quantum geometry.
description: 50 pages, 2 figures
Low-dimensional dynamics of phase oscillators driven by Cauchy noise
Creators: name: Tanaka, Takuma
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Phase oscillator systems with global sine-coupling are known to exhibit low-dimensional dynamics. In this paper, such characteristics are extended to phase oscillator systems driven by Cauchy noise. The low-dimensional dynamics solution agreed well with the numerical simulations of noise-driven phase oscillators in the present study. The low-dimensional dynamics of identical oscillators with Cauchy noise coincided with those of heterogeneous oscillators with Cauchy-distributed natural frequencies. This allows for the study of noise-driven identical oscillator systems through heterogeneous oscillators without noise and vice versa.
description: 12 pages, 2 figures
Exponential Type Complex and non-Hermitian Potentials within Quantum Hamilton-Jacobi Formalism
Creators: name: Yesiltas, Ozlem
name: Sever, Ramazan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: PT-/non-PT-symmetric and non-Hermitian deformed Morse and Poschl-Teller potentials are studied first time by quantum Hamilton-Jacobi approach. Energy eigenvalues and eigenfunctions are obtained by solving quantum Hamilton-Jacobi equation.
description: 16 pages
Maximum mass cutoff in the neutron star mass distribution and the prospect of forming supramassive objects in the double neutron star mergers
Creators: name: Shao, Dong-Sheng
name: Tang, Shao-Peng
name: Jiang, Jin-Liang
name: Fan, Yi-Zhong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The sample of neutron stars with a measured mass is growing quickly. With the latest sample, we adopt both a flexible Gaussian mixture model and a Gaussian plus Cauchy-Lorentz component model to infer the mass distribution of neutron stars and use the Bayesian model selection to explore evidence for multimodality and a sharp cutoff in the mass distribution. The two models yield rather similar results. Consistent with previous studies, we find evidence for a bimodal distribution together with a cutoff at a mass of $M_{\rm max}=2.26_{-0.05}^{+0.12}M_\odot$ (68% credible interval; for the Gaussian mixture model). If such a cutoff is interpreted as the maximum gravitational mass of nonrotating cold neutron stars, the prospect of forming supramassive remnants is found to be quite promising for the double neutron star mergers with a total gravitational mass less than or equal to 2.7$M_\odot$ unless the thermal pions could substantially soften the equation of state for the very hot neutron star matter. These supramassive remnants have a typical kinetic rotational energy of approximately $1-2\times 10^{53}$ ergs. Together with a high neutron star merger rate approximately $10^{3}~{\rm Gpc^{-3}~yr^{-3}}$, the neutron star mergers are expected to be significant sources of EeV($10^{18}$eV) cosmic-ray protons.
description: 17 pages, 9 figures, and 1 table. Published in PRD
DE-RRD: A Knowledge Distillation Framework for Recommender System
Creators: name: Kang, SeongKu
name: Hwang, Junyoung
name: Kweon, Wonbin
name: Yu, Hwanjo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Recent recommender systems have started to employ knowledge distillation, which is a model compression technique distilling knowledge from a cumbersome model (teacher) to a compact model (student), to reduce inference latency while maintaining performance. The state-of-the-art methods have only focused on making the student model accurately imitate the predictions of the teacher model. They have a limitation in that the prediction results incompletely reveal the teacher's knowledge. In this paper, we propose a novel knowledge distillation framework for recommender system, called DE-RRD, which enables the student model to learn from the latent knowledge encoded in the teacher model as well as from the teacher's predictions. Concretely, DE-RRD consists of two methods: 1) Distillation Experts (DE) that directly transfers the latent knowledge from the teacher model. DE exploits "experts" and a novel expert selection strategy for effectively distilling the vast teacher's knowledge to the student with limited capacity. 2) Relaxed Ranking Distillation (RRD) that transfers the knowledge revealed from the teacher's prediction with consideration of the relaxed ranking orders among items. Our extensive experiments show that DE-RRD outperforms the state-of-the-art competitors and achieves comparable or even better performance to that of the teacher model with faster inference time.
Verwey transition in Fe$_{3}$O$_{4}$ at high pressure: quantum critical behavior at the onset of metallization
Creators: name: Spałek, J.
name: Kozłowski, A.
name: Tarnawski, Z.
name: Kcakol, Z.
name: Fukami, Y.
name: Ono, F.
name: Zach, R.
name: Spalek, L. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We provide evidence for the existence of a {\em quantum critical point} at the metallization of magnetite Fe$_{3}$O$_{4}$ at an applied pressure of $p_{c} \approx 8$ GPa. We show that the present ac magnetic susceptibility data support earlier resistivity data. The Verwey temperature scales with pressure $T_{V}\sim (1-p/p_{c})^ν$, with $ν\sim 1/3$. The resistivity data shows a temperature dependence $ρ(T)=ρ_{0}+AT^{n}$, with $n\simeq 3$ above and 2.5 at the critical pressure, respectively. This difference in $n$ with pressure is a sign of critical behavior at $p_{c}$. The magnetic susceptibility is smooth near the critical pressure, both at the Verwey transition and near the ferroelectric anomaly. A comparison with the critical behavior observed in the Mott-Hubbard and related systems is made.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures
Teaching heroics : identity and ethical imagery in science education
Creators: name: Robeck, Edward C.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: In what follows, I address ways in which science education can influence personal identity and social relationships. I do this through a consideration of the ideological implications of science as it is constituted i n science education. In this situation, I consider science to be a symbolic system—emanating from socially derived meanings. I begin with the premise that any symbol system is permeated with ideological elements. To highlight the ideological elements of science in science education, I use another more explicitly symbolic system as a comparative framework. That system is epic heroism, primarily as Joseph Campbell (1949) describes it in The Hero With A Thousand Faces. The discussion of science education is given a practical grounding using transcripts from interviews with twenty Grade 10 students and many of their teachers undertaken in the 1993-1994 school year. I used epic heroism as a framework for initiating interpretations of broad themes from the transcripts, but also read the transcripts in relation to aspects of epic heroism, including existing critiques of Campbell's work and heroism more broadly. Specific quotes are included to illustrations of various points. My particular focus here is on ideological elements that can be associated with racism, sexism, and other social relationships that are collectively referred to as relations involving divisive bias. In particular, two themes are discussed extensively. The first is the theme of identity formed through separation, which results in the promotion of reductive and individualistic identities. The second theme has to do with the role of boundary imagery in the formation of relationships, which establishes difference hierarchically. Both of these are pervasive in divisive bias and i n the imagery of epic heroism. Ways in which they can pervade practices i n science education are also discussed. The central argument of the thesis is that science education, when undertaken through practices that incorporate themes of separation and boundary imagery, perpetuates relations of divisive bias. To forestall this, I suggest that science education can be approached in ways that incorporate what is referred to as an ethic otplenishment, which strives to promote expansive identities through a proliferation of interpersonal associations.
Κοινωνική Οργάνωση, Εθιμικοί Κανόνες και Κοινωνικός Αποκλεισμός της κοινωνικής ομάδας των Τσιγγάνων στην Ελλάδα
Creators: name: Ζυγούρη, Αγαθή Χρήστου
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2012
Subjects: Τσιγγάνοι
Κοινωνική Οργάνωση
Κοινωνικός Αποκλεισμός
Gypsies
Social Organization
Social Exclusion

description: Σκοπός της διατριβής ήταν η μελέτη της κοινωνικής οργάνωσης, των εθιμικών κανόνων και του κοινωνικού αποκλεισμού των Τσιγγάνων στην Ελλάδα. Οι Τσιγγάνοι δεν άφησαν γραπτά ντοκουμέντα. Όσες γραπτές πηγές τους αφορούν προέρχονται πάντα από τους άλλους. Οι ερευνητές σήμερα καταλήγουν στο συμπέρασμα ότι κατάγονται από τις Ινδίες και η γλώσσα τους είναι η romani. Στην Ευρώπη εμφανίζονται για πρώτη φορά το 12ο αιώνα και στην Ελλάδα τον 14ο αιώνα. Στοιχείο και θεμέλιο της κοινωνικής οργάνωσής τους, που επιβιώνει ακόμη είναι η ευρεία πατριαρχική οικογένεια. Ορισμένοι εθιμικοί κανόνες των Ελλήνων Τσιγγάνων, όπως ο εθιμικός τσιγγάνικος γάμος, ο πρώιμος γάμος, η ενδογαμία και η αυτοδικία, έρχονται σε αντίθεση ή δεν αναγνωρίζονται από το επίσημο κρατικό δίκαιο. Ως κοινωνική ομάδα ζουν κυρίως στο περιθώριο της ελληνικής κοινωνίας με χαμηλό μορφωτικό επίπεδο και εμφανή δυσκολία προσαρμογής στις κοινωνικές δομές, αναπτύσσοντας, αρκετές φορές, παραβατικές συμπεριφορές. Ο κοινωνικός αποκλεισμός των Τσιγγάνων πραγματώνεται μέσα από την αποκοπή τους από τα βασικά κοινωνικά αγαθά και μέσα από την αδυναμία πρόσβασης σε βασικά και ανελαστικά δικαιώματα, όπως στην Αστική και Δημοτική κατάσταση, στην Κατοικία, στην Εκπαίδευση, στην Υγεία και στην Απασχόληση και Κοινωνική Προστασία.
description: The aim of the present thesis was the study of the social organization, customary rules and social exclusion of Gypsies in Greece. Gypsies left no written documents. Those written sources concerning everything coming from the other. The researchers now conclude that they originate from India and their language is romani. In Europe first appeared in the 12th century in Greece in the 14th century. Element and foundation of social organization, which survives even is the large patriarchal family. Some customary rules of Greek Gypsies, as the gypsie’ s customary marriage, the early marriage, the intermarriage, and take the law into one's hand, contradict or are not recognized by official state law. As a social group they mostly living on the margins of Greek society with a low educational level and apparent difficulty adjusting to social structures, developing, several times, delinquent behaviors. The social exclusion of Gypsies is realized through the excision of the primary social goods and through the lack of access to basic rights and inflexible as the Civic and Municipal status, housing, education, health and employment and social protection.
Dynamic Pointer-Based Binary Search Trees.
Creators: name: Pasha, Mohammed Rayaan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Data Structures
Algorithms
Theoretical Computer Science

description: So, Whats the best data structure we know? is it BST's with log n? or is it hash tables with constant time in most cases, well hash tables are good, collisions are bad!! so why not just find a way to store data with another layer which reduces time complexity.

so the idea of DPB-BSTs is that, we have a linked list L, containg Nodes N, so each N has a BST B, with capacity C, such that the binary search tree in a previous node stores n*2 more  nodes then the previous N.

it creates a dynamic time complexity of O (2 * floor(log of number your loooking for))
title: О корректности метода анализа иерархий и сравнении его приближенного решения с методом аппроксимационной матрицы
title: On Correctness of the Analytic Hierarchy Process and Comparison of Its Approximate Solution with the Approximation Matrix Method
Creators: name: Корнеенко, Виктор Павлович
Publisher: name: Издательский центр СурГУ
Year: 2021

description: В статье анализируется метод анализа иерархий Т. Саати с точки зрения его корректности и эффективности, показана связь его решений с задачей векторной оптимизации, если исходные оценки альтернатив измерены в количественной шкале отношений. Обосновывается несостоятельность утверждений о некорректности метода анализа иерархий в публикациях некоторых авторов. Проведено сопоставление приближенного решения метода анализа иерархий с оптимальным решением, полученным методом аппроксимационной матрицы формирования весов объектов в многокритериальных задачах выбора.
description: The article analyzes the T. Saati analytic hierarchy process in terms of its correctness and efficiency, presents the relation of its solutions with the vector optimization problem providing that initial estimates of alternatives are measured in a quantitative ratio scale. Inconsistency of statements on incorrection of the analytic hierarchy process published by some authors is substantiated. The estimation of the approximate solution of the analytic hierarchy process with optimum solution obtained by the approximation matrix method for weights formation of objects in multicriteria selection problems is carried out.
High-frequency absorption and gain in superlattices: Semiquasistatic approach
Creators: name: Shorokhov, A. V.
name: Alekseev, K. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a generation and an amplification of THz radiation in semiconductor superlattices under the action of microwave pump field. Electrons belonging to a single miniband of the superlattice interact quasistatically with the pump field and dynamically with a signal THz field. Within this semiquasistic approach we derive elegant difference formulas describing absorption (gain) of the weak THz signal. We present an instructive geometric interpretation of the absorption formulas which allows a search of optimum conditions for the gain employing only a simple qualitative analysis. Our theoretical findings contribute to the development of sources and detectors of THz radiation that are using nonlinear electric properties of semiconductor superlattices.
description: 28 pages, 11 figures, submitted to Physica E
Simulation-Based Evaluation of Wavelet Coefficients for Robust Analysis of Near Infrared Spectra
Creators: name: Krause, Julius
Publisher: name: Karlsruhe
Year: 2019

description: Near infrared spectroscopy is a common method for analysis of food, soil and pharmaceutical products. New developments in sensor technology, like hyperspectral camera systems and mobile spectrometers, allow broad applications of spectroscopy with devices out of specialized laboratories. Wavelet coefficients are a promising approach for the detection and estimation of spectral absorption bands. The robustness of wavelet based features against typical measuring influences and calibration errors will be analyzed in the following by using simulations.
Spectral Deconvolution Analysis on Olivine-Orthopyroxene Mixtures with Simulated Space Weathering Modifications
Creators: name: Han, Hui-Jie
name: Lu, Xiao-Ping
name: Jiang, Te
name: Hsia, Chih-Hao
name: Yang, Ya-Zhou
name: Zhang, Peng-Fei
name: Zhang, Hao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Olivine and pyroxene are important mineral end-members for studying the sur-face material compositions of mafic bodies. The profiles of visible and near-infraredspectra of olivine-orthopyroxene mixtures systematically varied with their compositionratios. In our experiments, we combine the RELAB spectral database with a new spec-tral data obtained from some assembled olivine-orthopyroxene mixtures. We found thatthe commonly-used band area ratio (BAR, Cloutis et al. 1986) does not work well onour newly obtained spectral data. To investigate this issue, an empirical procedure basedon fitted results by modified Gaussian model is proposed to analyze the spectral curves.Following the new empirical procedure, the end-member abundances can be estimatedwith a 15% accuracy with some prior mineral absorption features. In addition, the mix-ture samples configured in our experiments are also irradiated by pulsed lasers to simulateand investigate the space weathering effects. Spectral deconvolution results confirm thatlow-content olivine on celestial bodies are difficult to measure and estimate. Therefore,the olivine abundance of space weathered materials may be underestimated from remotesensing data. This study may be used to quantify the spectral relationship of olivine-orthopyroxene mixtures and further reveal their correlation between the spectra of ordi-nary chondrites and silicate asteroids.
description: 30 pages, 5 tables, 18 figures; accepted for publication in RAA
Η προστασία της υποθαλάσσιας πολιτιστικής κληρονομιάς στο διεθνές δίκαιο:
Creators: name: Παπαδάκη, Μαρία Χρήστου
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2012
Subjects: υποθαλάσσια πολιτιστική κληρονομιά
δίκαιο της θάλασσας
Σύμβαση για την προστασία της υποθαλάσσιας πολιτιστικής κληρονομιάς
underwater cultural heritage
law of the sea
Convention on the Protection of the Underwater Cultural Heritage

description: Σκοπός της διατριβής ήταν η μελέτη του καθεστώτος προστασίας της υποθαλάσσιας πολιτιστικής κληρονομιάς στο διεθνές δίκαιο. Εξετάσαμε το νομικό πλαίσιο προστασίας των υποθαλάσσιων πολιτιστικών αγαθών κατά τη Σύμβαση του Δικαίου της Θάλασσας του 1982. Στη συνέχεια παρουσιάσαμε αναλυτικά τους λόγους για τους οποίους το παραπάνω νομικό πλαίσιο δεν εξασφαλίζει πλήρη και αποτελεσματική προστασία. Κατόπιν αναφερθήκαμε στη Σύμβαση της UNESCO του 2001 για την προστασία της υποθαλάσσιας πολιτιστικής κληρονομιάς. Ασχοληθήκαμε με την αξιολόγηση του νέου κανονιστικού πλαισίου προστασίας που θεσπίζει η Σύμβαση. Ιδιαίτερη σημασία δόθηκε στην έννοια του salvage law και τη σχέση που αναπτύσσει το δίκαιο αυτό με την προστασία των ενάλιων αρχαιοτήτων.
description: The aim of the present thesis was the study of the international regime of the protection of underwater cultural heritage. We examined the legal framework for the protection of underwater cultural heritage under United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea. We emphasized the reasons why the above mentioned legal framework is insufficient and counterproductive to secure the protection of underwater cultural property. Furthermore, we analyzed the provisions of the 2001 UNESCO Convention on the Protection of Underwater Cultural Heritage. We also examined the impact of salvage law and law of finds on the maintenance of underwater antiquities.