cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Coupling a small torsional oscillator to large optical angular momentum
Creators: name: Shi, H.
name: Bhattacharya, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a new configuration for realizing torsional optomechanics: an optically trapped windmill-shaped dielectric interacting with Laguerre-Gaussian cavity modes containing both angular and radial nodes. In contrast to existing schemes, our method can couple mechanical oscillators smaller than the optical beam waist to the in-principle unlimited orbital angular momentum that can be carried by a single photon, and thus generate substantial optomechanical interactions. Combining the advantages of small mass, large coupling, and low clamping losses, our work conceptually opens the way for the observation of quantum effects in torsional optomechanics.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures
Manufacturing and evaluation of multi-material axial-bearing washers by tailored forming
Creators: name: Behrens, Bernd-Arno
name: Chugreev, Alexander
name: Matthias, Tim
name: Poll, Gerhard
name: Pape, Florian
name: Coors, Timm
name: Hassel, Thomas
name: Maier, Hans Jürgen
name: Mildebrath, Maximilian
Publisher: name: Basel : MDPI AG
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Deposition welding
subject: Hybrid bearing
subject: Tailored forming
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::530 | Physik

description: Components subject to rolling contact fatigue, such as gears and rolling bearings, are among the fundamental machine elements in mechanical and vehicle engineering. Rolling bearings are generally not designed to be fatigue-resistant, as the necessary oversizing is not technically and economically marketable. In order to improve the load-bearing capacity, resource efficiency and application possibilities of rolling bearings and other possible multi-material solid components, a new process chain was developed at Leibniz University Hannover as a part of the Collaborative Research Centre 1153 “Tailored Forming”. Semi-finished products, already joined before the forming process, are used here to allow a further optimisation of joint quality by forming and finishing. In this paper, a plasma-powder-deposition welding process is presented, which enables precise material deposition and control of the welding depth. For this study, bearing washers (serving as rolling bearing raceways) of a cylindrical roller thrust bearing, similar to type 81212 with a multi-layer structure, were manufactured. A previously non-weldable high-performance material, steel AISI 5140, was used as the cladding layer. Depending on the degree of forming, grain-refinement within the welded material was achieved by thermo-mechanical treatment of the joining zone during the forming process. This grain-refinements lead to an improvement of the mechanical properties and thus, to a higher lifetime for washers of an axial cylindrical roller bearing, which were examined as an exemplary component on a fatigue test bench. To evaluate the bearing washers, the results of the bearing tests were compared with industrial bearings and deposition welded axial-bearing washers without subsequent forming. In addition, the bearing washers were analysed micro-tribologically and by scanning acoustic microscopy both after welding and after the forming process. Nano-scratch tests were carried out on the bearing washers to analyse the layer properties. Together with the results of additional microscopic images of the surface and cross-sections, the causes of failure due to fatigue and wear were identified.
The functional mechanics: evolution of the moments of distribution function and the Poincare recurrence theorem
Creators: name: Mikhailov, Andrey
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 37C06(Primary), 82C06(Secondary)

description: This paper consider the functional mechanics as one of modern approaches to a problem of the correspondence between classical mechanics and the statistical physics. Deviations from classical trajectories are calculated and evolution of the moments of distribution function is constructed. The relation between the received results and absence of paradox of Poincare-Zermelo in the functional mechanics is discussed. Destruction of periodicity of movement in the functional mechanics is shown and decrement of attenuation for classical invariants of movement on a trajectory of functional mechanical averages is calculated.
description: 12 pages, proceeding to the 2-nd International Conference "Mathematical Physics and its application"
Simulation of non-Abelian Anyons using ribbon operators connected to a common base site
Creators: name: Luo, Xi-wang
name: Han, Yong-jian
name: Guo, Guang-can
name: Zhou, Xingxiang
name: Zhou, Zheng-Wei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A convenient and effective way in the quantum double model to study anyons in a topological space with a tensor product structure is to create and braid anyons using ribbon operators connected to a common base site [A. Kitaev Ann.\ Phys. (N.Y.) \textbf{303}, 2 (2003)]. We show how this scheme can be simulated in a physical system by constructing long ribbon operators connected to a base site that is placed faraway. We describe how to move and braid anyons using these ribbon operators, and how to perform measurement on them. We also give the smallest scale of a system that is sufficient for proof-of-principle demonstration of our scheme.
description: 16 pages
Rationalizing apple growers' decision making in Germany - a utility based whole farm programming approach
Creators: name: Roehrig, Maren B.K.
name: Hardeweg, Bernd
name: Lentz, Wolfgang
Publisher: name: Wageningen : Wageningen Academic Publishers
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: utility-efficient programming
subject: risk aversion
subject: risk management
subject: crop insurance
subject: certainty equivalent
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::570 | Biowissenschaften, Biologie
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::580 | Pflanzen (Botanik)

description: Commercial apple production is exposed to various sources of risks. This paper presents a normative utility-efficient programming (UEP) approach, calculating optimal farm plans for apple growers in two different regions of Germany. It takes weather-related quality and yield risks, as well as price risks into account. It is based on risk attitude and risk perception collected from a sample of 134 apple growers. After combining subjective estimates of the apple growers with relevant historical data, input data for the UEP-model were derived from Monte-Carlo simulations. The UEP-model determines optimal portfolios, consisting of combinations of apple varieties and risk management instruments. The results indicate that the degrees of risk aversion affect optimum farming strategies only to a minor extent. They also provide evidence that farmers would benefit from a combined frost-hail insurance, whereas the absence of frost irrigation systems may cause high yield-losses in the northern part of Germany.
Extremely long hard bursts observed by Konus-Wind
Creators: name: Pal'shin, V.
name: Aptekar, R.
name: Frederiks, D.
name: Golenetskii, S.
name: Il'Inskii, V.
name: Mazets, E.
name: Yamaoka, K.
name: Ohno, M.
name: Hurley, K.
name: Sakamoto, T.
name: Oleynik, P.
name: Ulanov, M.
name: Mitrofanov, I. G.
name: Golovin, D.
name: Litvak, M. L.
name: Sanin, A. B.
name: Boynton, W.
name: Fellows, C.
name: Harshman, K.
name: Shinohara, C.
name: Starr, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the observations of the prompt emission of the extremely long hard burst, GRB 060814B, discovered by Konus-Wind and localized by the IPN. The observations reveal a smooth, hard, ~40-min long pulse followed by weaker emission seen several hours after the burst onset. We also present the Konus-Wind data on similar burst, GRB 971208, localized by BATSE/IPN. And finally we discuss the different possible origins of these unusual events.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures, 2 tables. Proceedings of the "Gamma-Ray Bursts 2007" conference held in Santa Fe, New Mexico, November 5-9, 2007. The published article may be found at http://link.aip.org/link/?apc/1000/117
New rural dynamics and challenges in the Global South
Creators: name: Rauch, T.
name: Schmidt, M.
name: Segebart, D.
Publisher: name: Basel : Copernicus Publications
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::300 | Sozialwissenschaften, Soziologie, Anthropologie

description: Dealing with rural areas in the Global South must be a central concern of geographical development research in the 21st century. Major challenges for the global community, such as the unsolved energy and food questions, the migration of people and increasing natural hazards as a result of climate change processes, are fundamentally linked with rural areas. Most natural resources - biotic and abiotic - are located in the rural environment, which provides land for the production of energy, raw materials and foods, as well as for various constructions, communication lines and production units. The rural environment is also the main source area for people migrating to cities or abroad to improve their living conditions or ensure survival, and it is closely linked with processes of climate change both as an amplifying and mitigating factor and as susceptible to its effects. To underestimate the relevance of the rural in academia or politics is dangerous and irresponsible.
Newly established drought-tolerant plants as renewable primary products as source of bioenergy
Creators: name: Khamis, Gala
name: Papenbrock, Jutta
Publisher: name: Abu Dhabi : UAE University, Faculty of Food and Agriculture
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Drought-tolerance
subject: New crop species
subject: Non-arable land
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::570 | Biowissenschaften, Biologie
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::580 | Pflanzen (Botanik)

description: Drought-tolerant plants, also called xerophytes, have developed during evolution a huge spectrum of morphological, physiological and metabolic adaptations to a shortage of water. Due to global climate change large areas of land are threatened by increasing water limitation and therefore drought stress. In addition, energy becomes limiting for an increasing world population and renewable local energy sources are needed. The major food and fodder plants such as wheat, rice, corn and soybean do not show high drought tolerance. There are a number of genetic approaches to increase drought tolerance of these species; some of the genetically modified plants show good results in the greenhouse but when the plants are challenged by field conditions the promising results cannot be reproduced. One option to overcome the problem is to develop new crop plants from already highly drought-tolerant plants. We would like to focus on drought-tolerant plants grown on non-arable land as primary source of bioenergy. Some plants species are already locally used. Promising ecotypes could be used in breeding programs to improve the agricultural and economic values of these plants. For the selection and the development of new crops plants as sources for bioenergy the description of an optimal plant could be the starting point. It will be reported about promising preliminary results and economic uses of xerophytes from the genera Jatropha, Balanites and Euphorbia as new crop plants for the production of ethanol, biodiesel, biofuel, biogas and biomass-to-liquid. Finally, the pros and cons of plants as source of bioenergy in water-limited areas will be discussed.
title: Erklärung zu der Abhandlung von J. H. Holwerda ,,Die Römer in Holland“ im XV. Bericht der Römisch-Germanischen Kommission des Deutschen Archäologischen Institutes 1926 S. 1 Anmerkung 4
Creators: name: Koepp, Friedrich
name: Oelmann, Franz
name: Holwerda, Jan Hendrik
Publisher: name: University Library Heidelberg
Year: 2016

description: [nicht vorhanden / not available]
Padus vulgaris L.
Creators: name: Becherer
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1956
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy

description: S. vulgaris L. Cat. 253. Kultiviert; selten verwildert (z.B. La Bâtiaz bei Martigny[F.u. a.]).
description: Published as part of Becherer, 1956, Florae Vallesiacae Supplementum, pp. 1-556 in Denkschriften der Schweizerischen Naturforschenden Gesellschaft 71 on pages 1-556
Niosomes as Nanoparticular Drug Carriers: Fundamentals and Recent Applications
Creators: name: Ag Seleci, Didem
name: Seleci, Muharrem
name: Walter, Johanna-Gabriela
name: Stahl, Frank
name: Scheper, Thomas
Publisher: name: New York : Hindawi Publishing Corp
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: nonionic surfactant vesicles
subject: b16f10 melanoma model
subject: in-vivo evaluation
subject: delivery-system
subject: bola-surfactant
subject: physical-characteristics
subject: activated macrophages
subject: multidrug delivery
subject: antitumor-activity
subject: vitro
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::540 | Chemie

description: Drug delivery systems are defined as formulations aiming for transportation of a drug to the desired area of action within the body. The basic component of drug delivery systems is an appropriate carrier that protects the drug from rapid degradation or clearance and thereby enhances drug concentration in target tissues. Based on their biodegradable, biocompatible, and nonimmunogenic structure, niosomes are promising drug carriers that are formed by self-association of nonionic surfactants and cholesterol in an aqueous phase. In recent years, numerous research articles have been published in scientific journals reporting the potential of niosomes to serve as a carrier for the delivery of different types of drugs. The present review describes preparation methods, characterization techniques, and recent studies on niosomal drug delivery systems and also gives up to date information regarding recent applications of niosomes in drug delivery.
Strongly-coupled Josephson junction array for simulation of frustrated one-dimensional spin models
Creators: name: Du, Liang-Hui
name: Zhou, Xingxiang
name: Han, Yong-Jian
name: Guo, Guang-Can
name: Zhou, Zheng-Wei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the capacitance-coupled Josephson junction array beyond the small-coupling limit. We find that, when the scale of the system is large, its Hamiltonian can be obtained without the small-coupling approximation and the system can be used to simulate strongly frustrated one-dimensional Ising spin problems. To engineer the system Hamiltonian for an ideal theoretical model, we apply a dynamical decoupling technique to eliminate undesirable couplings in the system. Using a 6-site junction array as an example, we numerically evaluate the system to show that it exhibits important characteristics of the frustrated spin model.
description: 8 pages
Generalversammlung des Münsterbauvereins am 12. Mai 2016. Neue große Aufgaben stehen an: die Renovierung des historischen Glockenstuhls im Nordturm unseres Münsters
Creators: name: G., E.
Publisher: name: Unser Münster / Die Informationsschrift des Münsterbauvereins Breisach e.V.
Year: 2016

description: Unser Münster / Die Informationsschrift des Münsterbauvereins Breisach e.V., Nr. 53 (2016): Unser Münster: Sankt Stephan
Observation of a nanophase segregation in LiCl aqueous solutions from Transient Grating Experiments
Creators: name: Bove, L. E.
name: Dreyfus, C.
name: Torre, R.
name: Pick, R. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Transient Grating experiments performed on supercooled LiCl, RH2O solutions with R>6 reveal the existence of a strong, short time, extra signal which superposes to the normal signal observed for the R=6 solution and other glass forming systems. This extra signal shows up below 190 K, its shape and the associated timescale depend only on temperature, while its intensity increases with R. We show that the origin of this signal is a phase separation between clusters with a low solute concentration and the remaining, more concentrated, solution. Our analysis demonstrates that these clusters have a nanometer size and a composition which are rather temperature independent, while increasing R simply increases the number of these clusters.
description: 19 pages+ 8 figures+ 2 tables
Towards a Population Synthesis Model of Objects formed by Self-Gravitating Disc Fragmentation and Tidal Downsizing
Creators: name: Forgan, Duncan
name: Rice, Ken
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently, the gravitational instability (GI) model of giant planet and brown dwarf formation has been revisited and recast into what is often referred to as the "tidal downsizing" hypothesis. The fragmentation of self-gravitating protostellar discs into gravitationally bound embryos - with masses of a few to tens of Jupiter masses, at semi major axes above 30 - 40 au - is followed by grain sedimentation inside the embryo, radial migration towards the central star and tidal disruption of the embryo's upper layers. The properties of the resultant object depends sensitively on the timescales upon which each process occurs. Therefore, GI followed by tidal downsizing can theoretically produce objects spanning a large mass range, from terrestrial planets to giant planets and brown dwarfs. Whether such objects can be formed in practice, and what proportions of the observed population they would represent, requires a more involved statistical analysis. We present a simple population synthesis model of star and planet formation via GI and tidal downsizing. We couple a semi-analytic model of protostellar disc evolution to analytic calculations of fragmentation, initial embryo mass, grain growth and sedimentation, embryo migration and tidal disruption. While there are key pieces of physics yet to be incorporated, it represents a first step towards a mature statistical model of GI and tidal downsizing as a mode of star and planet formation. We show results from four runs of the population synthesis model, varying the opacity law and the strength of migration, as well as investigating the effect of disc truncation during the fragmentation process. Our early results suggest that GI plus tidal downsizing is not the principal mode of planet formation, but remains an excellent means of forming gas giant planets, brown dwarfs and low mass stars at large semimajor axes. (Abridged)
description: 19 pages, 28 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Hornkonzert 2016. Ein Rückblick
Creators: name: Redaktion, Die
Publisher: name: Unser Münster / Die Informationsschrift des Münsterbauvereins Breisach e.V.
Year: 2016

description: Unser Münster / Die Informationsschrift des Münsterbauvereins Breisach e.V., Nr. 53 (2016): Unser Münster: Sankt Stephan
Local Heat Treatment in Draw Bending for Profiles of Manganese Boron Steel 22MnB5
Creators: name: Behrens, Bernd-Arno
name: Bonk, Christian
name: Hübner, Sven
name: Uhe, Johanna
name: Klie, Roman
name: Moritz, Jörn
Publisher: name: London : Elsevier Ltd.
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: 22MnB5
subject: draw bending
subject: integrated heat-treatment
subject: Automobile cooling systems
subject: Automotive industry
subject: Boron
subject: Cooling
subject: Heat treatment
subject: Heating
subject: Manganese
subject: Metal drawing
subject: Numerical models
subject: Sheet metal
subject: Austenitization temperatures
subject: Degree of similarity
subject: Draw-bending
subject: Experimental investigations
subject: Integrated heat
subject: Light-weight constructions
subject: Numerical representation
subject: Bending (forming)
subject: Konferenzschrift
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::620 | Ingenieurwissenschaften und Maschinenbau

description: Due to the increasing demand for vehicles with a low fuel consumption and consequently low emissions, lightweight construction is an important task in the automotive industry. High-strength profile parts reduce the total weight of the vehicle while maintaining a high bending-resistance. Draw bending combined with inductive sheet heating and subsequent cooling represents a cost-effective and economic concept for producing partially hardened profiles for small batch sizes. This paper deals with experimental investigations to optimize and examine heating and cooling in the process chain of draw bending. After designing the process by numerical simulation, the existing draw bending machine of the IFUM was expanded by an inductive heating unit and a cooling system. Subsequently, new experiments on the implementation of a heat treatment during draw bending were carried out with this machine. In the course of these experiments, the determined process limits were recorded based on the required drawing force, the temperature courses in the process and the respective hardness values. These values served to evaluate and validate the results of the numerical simulation. By means of heating the material before it enters the forming die, it could be shown that it is possible to form super high-strength-profile components through draw bending. The material was heated up to austenitization temperature by a surface inductor and cooled by the draw bending tool and the additional air cooling. The material used was the uncoated manganese-boron steel 22MnB5. Good results with regard to process and part quality were obtained by means of an upstream heating. The comparison with the simulation also showed a high degree of similarity and consequently confirmed the results of the numerical representation of the process. Thus the general feasibility of integrating a heat-treatment into a draw bending operation was successfully proved.
Ein verlorener Stein wird wieder entdeckt
Creators: name: Fahrer, Uwe
Publisher: name: Unser Münster / Die Informationsschrift des Münsterbauvereins Breisach e.V.
Year: 2016

description: Unser Münster / Die Informationsschrift des Münsterbauvereins Breisach e.V., Nr. 53 (2016): Unser Münster: Sankt Stephan
Periodic billiard orbits of self-similar Sierpinski carpets
Creators: name: Chen, Joe P.
name: Niemeyer, Robert G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We identify a collection of periodic billiard orbits in a self-similar Sierpinski carpet billiard table. Based on a refinement of the result of Durand-Cartagena and Tyson regarding nontrivial line segments in a self-similar Sierpinski carpet, we construct what is called an eventually constant sequence of compatible periodic orbits of prefractal Sierpinski carpet billiard tables. The trivial limit of this sequence then constitutes a periodic orbit of a self-similar Sierpinski carpet billiard table. We also determine the corresponding translation surface for each prefractal billiard table, and show that the genera of a sequence of translation surfaces increase without bound. Various open questions and possible directions for future research are offered.
description: 22 Figures
Non-contact test set-up for aeroelasticity in a rotating turbomachine combining a novel acoustic excitation system with tip-timing
Creators: name: Freund, O.
name: Montgomery, M.
name: Mittelbach, M.
name: Seume, Jörg R.
Publisher: name: Bristol : IOP Publishing Ltd.
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: aeroelasticity
subject: acoustic excitation
subject: tip-timing
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::620 | Ingenieurwissenschaften und Maschinenbau

description: Due to trends in aero-design, aeroelasticity becomes increasingly important in modern turbomachines. Design requirements of turbomachines lead to the development of high aspect ratio blades and blade integral disc designs (blisks), which are especially prone to complex modes of vibration. Therefore, experimental investigations yielding high quality data are required for improving the understanding of aeroelastic effects in turbomachines. One possibility to achieve high quality data is to excite and measure blade vibrations in turbomachines. The major requirement for blade excitation and blade vibration measurements is to minimize interference with the aeroelastic effects to be investigated. Thus in this paper, a non-contact-and thus low interference-experimental set-up for exciting and measuring blade vibrations is proposed and shown to work. A novel acoustic system excites rotor blade vibrations, which are measured with an optical tip-timing system. By performing measurements in an axial compressor, the potential of the acoustic excitation method for investigating aeroelastic effects is explored. The basic principle of this method is described and proven through the analysis of blade responses at different acoustic excitation frequencies and at different rotational speeds. To verify the accuracy of the tip-timing system, amplitudes measured by tip-timing are compared with strain gage measurements. They are found to agree well. Two approaches to vary the nodal diameter (ND) of the excited vibration mode by controlling the acoustic excitation are presented. By combining the different excitable acoustic modes with a phase-lag control, each ND of the investigated 30 blade rotor can be excited individually. This feature of the present acoustic excitation system is of great benefit to aeroelastic investigations and represents one of the main advantages over other excitation methods proposed in the past. In future studies, the acoustic excitation method will be used to investigate aeroelastic effects in high-speed turbomachines in detail. The results of these investigations are to be used to improve the aeroelastic design of modern turbomachines.
A General Framework for the Derivation of Regular Expressions
Creators: name: Caron, Pascal
name: Champarnaud, Jean-Marc
name: Mignot, Ludovic
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Formal Languages and Automata Theory (cs.FL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 68Q45

description: The aim of this paper is to design a theoretical framework that allows us to perform the computation of regular expression derivatives through a space of generic structures. Thanks to this formalism, the main properties of regular expression derivation, such as the finiteness of the set of derivatives, need only be stated and proved one time, at the top level. Moreover, it is shown how to construct an alternating automaton associated with the derivation of a regular expression in this general framework. Finally, Brzozowski's derivation and Antimirov's derivation turn out to be a particular case of this general scheme and it is shown how to construct a DFA, a NFA and an AFA for both of these derivations.
description: 22 pages
On the distribution of stellar-sized black hole spins
Creators: name: Nielsen, Alex B.
Publisher: name: Bristol : Institute of Physics Publishing
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Gravitational effects
subject: Gravity waves
subject: Stars
subject: Advanced detector
subject: Black holes
subject: Gravitational wave detectors
subject: Stellar-mass black holes
subject: X-ray techniques
subject: Gravitation
subject: Gravitationswelle
subject: Konferenzschrift
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::530 | Physik

description: Black hole spin will have a large impact on searches for gravitational waves with advanced detectors. While only a few stellar mass black hole spins have been measured using X- ray techniques, gravitational wave detectors have the capacity to greatly increase the statistics of black hole spin measurements. We show what we might learn from these measurements and how the black hole spin values are influenced by their formation channels.
Calibration of the Mid-Infrared Tully-Fisher Relation
Creators: name: Sorce, Jenny G.
name: Courtois, Helene M.
name: Tully, R. Brent
name: Seibert, Mark
name: Scowcroft, Victoria
name: Freedman, Wendy L.
name: Madore, Barry F.
name: Persson, S. Eric
name: Monson, Andy
name: Rigby, Jane
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Distance measures on a coherent scale around the sky are required to address the outstanding cosmological problems of the Hubble Constant and of departures from the mean cosmic flow. The correlation between galaxy luminosities and rotation rates can be used to determine distances to many thousands of galaxies in a wide range of environments potentially out to 200 Mpc. Mid-infrared (3.6 microns) photometry with the Spitzer Space Telescope is particularly valuable as the source of the luminosities because it provides products of uniform quality across the sky. From a perch above the atmosphere, essentially the total magnitude of targets can be registered in exposures of a few minutes. Extinction is minimal and the flux is dominated by the light from old stars which is expected to correlate with the mass of the targets. In spite of the superior photometry, the correlation between mid-infrared luminosities and rotation rates extracted from neutral hydrogen profiles is slightly degraded from the correlation found with I band luminosities. A color correction recovers a correlation that provides comparable accuracy to that available at I band (~20% 1sigma in an individual distance) while retaining the advantages identified above. Without the color correction the relation between linewidth and [3.6] magnitudes is M^{b,i,k,a}_{[3.6]} = -20.34 - 9.74 (log W_{mx}^{i} -2.5). This description is found with a sample of 213 galaxies in 13 clusters that define the slope and 26 galaxies with Cepheid or tip of the red giant branch distances that define the zero point. A color corrected parameter M_{C_{[3.6]}} is constructed that has reduced scatter: M_{C_{[3.6]}} = -20.34 - 9.13 (log W_{mx}^{i} -2.5). Consideration of the 7 calibration clusters beyond 50 Mpc, outside the domain of obvious peculiar velocities, provides a preliminary Hubble Constant estimate of H_0=74+/-5 km/s/Mpc.
description: Accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journal, 14 pages, 11 figures, 4 tables
Parameter estimation for compact binary coalescence signals with the first generation gravitational-wave detector network
Creators: name: Aasi, J.
name: Allen, Bruce
name: Ast, Stefan
name: Aufmuth, Peter
name: Danzmann, Karsten
name: Kaufer, S.
name: Lück, Harald
name: Meier, Tobias
name: Schnabel, R.
name: Vahlbruch, H.
name: Willke, Benno
name: Et Al.
name: LIGO Scientific Collaboration
name: Collaboration, Virgo
Publisher: name: College Park, MD : American Physical Society
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Gravitational waves
subject: Gravitational-Wave Detector Network
subject: Gravitationswelle
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::530 | Physik

description: Compact binary systems with neutron stars or black holes are one of the most promising sources for ground-based gravitational-wave detectors. Gravitational radiation encodes rich information about source physics; thus parameter estimation and model selection are crucial analysis steps for any detection candidate events. Detailed models of the anticipated waveforms enable inference on several parameters, such as component masses, spins, sky location and distance, that are essential for new astrophysical studies of these sources. However, accurate measurements of these parameters and discrimination of models describing the underlying physics are complicated by artifacts in the data, uncertainties in the waveform models and in the calibration of the detectors. Here we report such measurements on a selection of simulated signals added either in hardware or software to the data collected by the two LIGO instruments and the Virgo detector during their most recent joint science run, including a “blind injection” where the signal was not initially revealed to the collaboration. We exemplify the ability to extract information about the source physics on signals that cover the neutron-star and black-hole binary parameter space over the component mass range 1 M⊙–25 M⊙ and the full range of spin parameters. The cases reported in this study provide a snapshot of the status of parameter estimation in preparation for the operation of advanced detectors. © 2013 The American Physical Society
Zu einigen westeuropäischen Vollgriffschwerten
Creators: name: Hundt, Hans-Jürgen
Publisher: name: Verlag des Römisch-Germanischen Zentralmuseums Mainz
Year: 2016
Subjects: Bronzezeit; Mittel-/Nordeuropa; Waffen; Typologie; Technologie

description: [nicht vorhanden / not available]
description: Jahrbuch des Römisch-Germanischen Zentralmuseums Mainz, Bd. 9 (1962)
Magnetic-field-induced singularities in spin-dependent tunneling through InAs quantum dots
Creators: name: Hapke-Wurst, I.
name: Zeitler, U.
name: Frahm, Holger
name: Jansen, A.G.M.
name: Haug, Rolf J.
name: Pierz, Klaus
Publisher: name: College Park, MD : American Physical Society
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: aluminum
subject: astatine
subject: indium
subject: article
subject: calculation
subject: electron
subject: energy
subject: magnetic field
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::530 | Physik

description: Current steps attributed to resonant tunneling through individual InAs quantum dots embedded in a GaAs-AlAs-GaAs tunneling device are investigated experimentally in magnetic fields up to 28 T. The steps evolve into strongly enhanced current peaks in high fields. This can be understood as a field-induced Fermi-edge singularity due to the Coulomb interaction between the tunneling electron on the quantum dot and the partly spin-polarized Fermi sea in the Landau quantized three-dimensional emitter.
Font Acknowledgment and Character Extraction of Digital and Scanned Images
Creators: name: Bashir, Syed Muhammad Arsalan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The font recognition and character extraction is of immense importance as these are many scenarios where data are in such a form, which cannot be processed like in image form or as a hard copy. So the procedure developed in this paper is basically related to identifying the font (Times New Roman, Arial and Comic Sans MS) and afterwards recovering the text using simple correlation based method where the binary templates are correlated to the input image text characters. All of this extraction is done in the presence of a little noise as images may have noisy patterns due to photocopying. The significance of this method exists in extraction of data from various monitoring (Surveillance) camera footages or even more. The method is developed on Matlab\c{opyright} which takes input image and recovers text and font information from it in a text file.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures, 1 table, Published with International Journal of Computer Applications (IJCA)
Finite group algebras of nilpotent groups: a complete set of orthogonal primitive idempotents
Creators: name: Van Gelder, Inneke
name: Olteanu, Gabriela
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We provide an explicit construction for a complete set of orthogonal primitive idempotents of finite group algebras over nilpotent groups. Furthermore, we give a complete set of matrix units in each simple epimorphic image of a finite group algebra of a nilpotent group.
description: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1302.3747
Numerical Modeling of c-Si PV Modules by Coupling the Semiconductor with the Thermal Conduction, Convection and Radiation Equations
Creators: name: Vogt, Malte R.
name: Holst, Hendrik
name: Winter, Matthias
name: Brendel, Rolf
name: Altermatt, Pietro P.
Publisher: name: Amsterdam : Elsevier
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: dielectric rear side mirror
subject: Ray tracing
subject: simlation
subject: solar module temperature;field measurements
subject: thermal solar module behaviour
subject: Finite element method
subject: Heat convection
subject: Heat radiation
subject: Mirrors
subject: Photovoltaic cells
subject: Semiconducting silicon
subject: Silicon nitride
subject: Solar cells
subject: Electrical power output
subject: Field measurement
subject: Finite element method simulation
subject: Operating temperature
subject: Rear side
subject: Semiconductor equations
subject: Thermal solar
subject: Solar cell arrays
subject: Konferenzschrift
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::620 | Ingenieurwissenschaften und Maschinenbau

description: Commonly, the thermal behavior of solar cell modules is calculated with analytical approaches using non wavelength-dependent optical data. Here, we employ ray tracing of entire solar modules at wavelengths of 300-2500 nm to calculate heat sources. Subsequently, finite element method (FEM) simulations are used to solve the semiconductor equations coupled with the thermal conduction, thermal convection, and thermal radiation equations. The implemented model is validated with measurements from an outdoor test over the period of an entire year. Our ray tracing analysis of different solar modules under the AM.15G spectrum shows that, for a standard module about 18.9% of the sun's intensity becomes parasitically absorbed. A loss analysis shows that the biggest parasitic heat source is the cell's full-area rear side metallization. We hence propose the use of a SiNx layer as rear side mirror to reduce the parasitic absorption to 11.7%. This change can lead to a 3.2 °C lower module operating temperature, which results in an about 5 W higher electrical power output when considering a typical 260 W module.
Universal spin dynamics in two-dimensional Fermi gases
Creators: name: Koschorreck, Marco
name: Pertot, Daniel
name: Vogt, Enrico
name: Köhl, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Harnessing spins as carriers for information has emerged as an elegant extension to the transport of electrical charges. The coherence of such spin transport in spintronic circuits is determined by the lifetime of spin excitations and by spin diffusion. Fermionic quantum gases are a unique system to study the fundamentals of spin transport from first principles since interactions can be precisely tailored and the dynamics is on time scales which are directly observable. In particular at unitarity, spin transport is dictated by diffusion and is expected to reach a universal, quantum-limited diffusivity on the order of hbar/m. Here, we study the non-equilibrium dynamics of a two-dimensional Fermi gas following a quench into a metastable, transversely polarized spin state. Using the spin-echo technique, we measure the yet lowest transverse spin diffusion constant of 0.25(3) hbar/m. For weak interactions, we observe a coherent collective transverse spin-wave mode that exhibits mode softening when approaching the hydrodynamic regime.
Local determination of the amount of integration of an atom into a crystal surface
Creators: name: Volgmann, K.
name: Gawronski, H.
name: Zaum, C.
name: Rusina, G.G.
name: Borisova, S.D.
name: Chulkov, E.V.
name: Morgenstern, K.
Publisher: name: London : Nature Publishing Group
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: phonon scattering
subject: defects
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften

description: Collective vibrational modes of crystal lattices, called phonons, determine fundamental material properties, such as their thermal and electrical conductivities. Bulk phonon spectra are influenced by point defects. More recently, the importance of phonons on nanostructures has come into the focus of attention. Here we show a spatially resolved phonon spectra of point defects that reveal distinctly different signatures for a cavity alone and an impurity atom fully integrated into the surface as opposed to one placed into a cavity. The spectra are indicative for delocalized phonons and localized vibrations, respectively, as confirmed by theory.
On the effects of lateral openings on courtyard ventilation and pollution - A large-eddy simulation study
Creators: name: Gronemeier, Tobias
name: Sühring, Matthias
Publisher: name: Basel : MDPI AG
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Courtyard
subject: Lagrangian particle model
subject: Large-eddy simulation
subject: Pollution
subject: Urban environment
subject: Ventilation
subject: Air quality
subject: Health risks
subject: Urban planning
subject: Building configuration
subject: Mean concentrations
subject: Pollutant concentration
subject: Psychological comforts
subject: Urban environments
subject: Ventilated spaces
subject: Large eddy simulation
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::550 | Geowissenschaften

description: Courtyards are an omnipresent feature within the urban environment. Residents often use courtyards as recreation areas, which makes them crucial for the physical and psychological comfort of the urban population. However, considering that courtyards represent enclosed cavities, they are often poorly ventilated spaces and pollutants from neighboring traffic, once entrained, can pose a serious threat to human health. Here, we studied the effects of lateral openings on courtyard pollution and ventilation. Therefore, we performed a set of large-eddy simulations for idealized urban environments with different courtyard configurations. While pollutant concentration and ventilation are barely modified by lateral openings for wide courtyards, lateral openings have a significant effect on the mean concentration, the number of high-concentration events and the ventilation within narrower and deeper courtyards. The impacts of lateral openings on air quality within courtyards strongly depend on their orientation with respect to the flow direction, as well as on the upstream flow conditions and upstream building configuration. We show that lateral openings, in most cases, have a negative impact on air quality; nevertheless, we also present configurations where lateral openings positively impact the air quality within courtyards. These outcomes may certainly contribute to improve future urban planning in terms of health protection.
title: Du Cli au Clin, en passant par le Clih
Creators: name: Hartemann, Philippe
Publisher: name: Health & Co
Year: 2018

description: L’objet de ce témoignage est de rappeler la genèse du décret n° 88-657 du 6 mai 1988 relatif à l’organisation de la surveillance et de la prévention des infections nosocomiales dans les établissements d’hospitalisation publics et privés participant au service public hospitalier, créant les comités de lutte contre les infections nosocomiales (Clin), un accouchement qui ne s’est pas fait sans douleur.
On the efficiency of PAPR reduction schemes deployed for DRM systems
Creators: name: Moghaddamnia, Sanam
name: Waal, Albert
name: Fuhrwerk, Martin
name: Le, Chung
name: Peissig, Jürgen
Publisher: name: New York : Springer International Publishing
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Digital broadcasting
subject: DRM30
subject: OFDM
subject: PAPR reduction
subject: Power amplifier efficiency
subject: Broadcasting
subject: Digital radio
subject: Digital television
subject: Efficiency
subject: Frequency division multiplexing
subject: Power amplifiers
subject: Radio broadcasting
subject: Transmitters
subject: Active constellation extensions
subject: Digital Broadcasting
subject: Digital broadcasting systems
subject: Peak to average power ratio
subject: Transmission technologies
subject: Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::000 | Allgemeines, Wissenschaft::000 | Informatik, Wissen, Systeme::004 | Informatik

description: Digital Radio Mondiale (DRM) is the universally, openly standardized digital broadcasting system for all frequencies including LW, MW, and SW as well as VHF bands. Alongside providing high audio quality to listeners, DRM satisfies technological requirements posed by broadcasters, manufacturers and regulatory authorities and thus bears a great potential for the future of global radio. One of the key issues here concerns green broadcasting. Facing the need for high-power transmitters to cover wide areas, there is room for improvement concerning the power efficiency of DRM-transmitters. A major drawback of DRM is its high peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) due to the applied transmission technology based on Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM), which results in non-linearities in the emitted signal, low power efficiency, and high costs of transmitters. To overcome this, numerous schemes have been investigated for reducing PAPR in OFDM systems. In this paper, we review and analyze various technologies to reduce PAPR providing that the technical feasibility and DRM-specific system architecture and edge conditions regarding the system performance in terms of modulation error rate, compliance with frequency mask, and synchronization efficiency are ensured. All evaluations are carried out with I/Q signals which are monitored in real operation to present the actual performance of proposed PAPR techniques. Subsequently, the capability of the best approach is evaluated via measurements on a DRM test platform, where achieved transmit power gain of 10 dB is shown. According to our evaluation results, PAPR reduction schemes based on active constellation extension followed by a filter prove to be promising towards practical realization of power-efficient transmitters. © 2016, The Author(s).
title: History of Infection Control in Hospitals in the United States
Creators: name: Gaynes, Robert
Publisher: name: Health & Co
Year: 2018

description: Formal infection control programs were not evident in the U.S. until well into the 20th century. During this post-war period the Joint Commission for the Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations (JCAHO) and several Hospital Infection Control-related professional organizations were founded that exerted considerable influence on U.S. hospital practices and differing from European countries where government agencies brought to bear the greatest influence on practice. CDC’s Study on the Efficacy of Nosocomial Infection Control (SENIC) provided scientific evidence that effective infection surveillance and control programs were strongly associated with lower rates of hospital-acquired infection.  Based upon SENIC findings, the JCAHO established requirements for adequate infection control personnel. At about the same time, CDC also began a surveillance system for monitoring hospital-acquired infections in U.S. hospitals in 1970.  In the 1980s, CDC published its first guidelines for infection control, which revolutionized practice standards in the U.S. By 2000, advocacy groups demanded heightened transparency including publicly disclosed health care-associated infection (HAI) rates, now required by several U.S. states.  In 2005, the U.S Government began using explicit financial incentives for quality measures including some HAI rates.  Efforts to reduce costs and improve the quality of patient care will intensify the role of U.S. infection control programs in the future.