cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Stellar populations across galaxy bars in the MUSE TIMER project
Creators: name: Neumann, Justus
name: Fragkoudi, Francesca
name: Pérez, Isabel
name: Gadotti, Dimitri A.
name: Falcón-Barroso, Jesús
name: Sánchez-Blázquez, Patricia
name: Bittner, Adrian
name: Husemann, Bernd
name: Gómez, Facundo A.
name: Grand, Robert J. J.
name: Donohoe-Keyes, Charlotte E.
name: Kim, Taehyun
name: de Lorenzo-Cáceres, Adriana
name: Martig, Marie
name: Méndez-Abreu, Jairo
name: Pakmor, Rüdiger
name: Seidel, Marja K.
name: van de Ven, Glenn
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Stellar populations in barred galaxies save an imprint of the influence of the bar on the host galaxy's evolution. We present a detailed analysis of star formation histories (SFHs) and chemical enrichment of stellar populations in nine nearby barred galaxies from the TIMER project. We use integral field observations with the MUSE instrument to derive unprecedented spatially resolved maps of stellar ages, metallicities, [Mg/Fe] abundances and SFHs, as well as H$α$ as a tracer of ongoing star formation. We find a characteristic V-shaped signature in the SFH perpendicular to the bar major axis which supports the scenario where intermediate age stars ($\sim 2$-$6\ \mathrm{Gyr}$) are trapped on more elongated orbits shaping a thinner part of the bar, while older stars ($> 8\ \mathrm{Gyr}$) are trapped on less elongated orbits shaping a rounder and thicker part of the bar. We compare our data to state-of-the-art cosmological magneto-hydrodynamical simulations of barred galaxies and show that such V-shaped SFHs arise naturally due to the dynamical influence of the bar on stellar populations with different ages and kinematic properties. Additionally, we find an excess of very young stars ($< 2\ \mathrm{Gyr}$) on the edges of the bars, predominantly on the leading side, confirming typical star formation patterns in bars. Furthermore, mass-weighted age and metallicity gradients are slightly shallower along the bar than in the disc likely due to orbital mixing in the bar. Finally, we find that bars are mostly more metal-rich and less [Mg/Fe]-enhanced than the surrounding discs. We interpret this as a signature that the bar quenches star formation in the inner region of discs, usually referred to as star formation deserts. We discuss these results and their implications on two different scenarios of bar formation and evolution.
description: Accepted for publication in Astronomy and Astrophysics; 14 pages, 14 figures, 3 tables (including appendix: 29 pages, 29 figures)
Zur Gliederung der Lösse des südlichen Oberrheintals
Creators: name: Guenther, Ekke W.
Publisher: name: Geozon Science Media
Year: 1987

description: Die Lösse des südlichen Oberrheintals erreichen stellenweise maximale Mächtigkeiten von mehr als 25 m. (Riegel 35 m; Heitersheim 28 m; Achenheim 37 m). Die Abfolge von Lössen und zwischengelagerten Böden läßt sich von Heitersheim, 15 km südlich von Freiburg, bis in das Gebiet westwärts von Straßburg (Achenheim-Hangenbieten) parallelisieren. Danach werden die Profile durch mehr als 5 Böden untergegliedert. Die oberste begrabene Parabraun erde (Riegel-E) trennt den jüngeren vom mittleren Löß. Es zeigen sich Unterschiede in Farbe, Karbonatgehalt, Porenvolumen, Korngrößenverteilung, mitunter auch dem Lagerungsgefüge zwischen diesen beiden Lössen. Der trennende Boden enthält eine Großsäugerfauna mit vorwiegend eurythermen Formen, aber auch mit Tierarten eines kalten Klimabereichs, wie Mammut, Wollhaarnashorn und Ren, sowie als Einzelfund den Rest eines Rehs, als Beweis eines vorübergehend auch warmen Klimas. Der Boden entstand in einem längeren Interstadial, mit mehrfach wechselndem Klima. Ein solches Interstadial kennt man von verschiedenen Gebieten Europas, aber auch Sibiriens, wo das Wärmeoptimum mit 42 000 bis 30000 B.P. angegeben wird. Der weichselzeitliche Haupteisvorstoß in Norddeutschland erfolgte nach diesen Interstadial. Die Bodenbildung des Eem-Interglazials (Riegel-C) trennt den mittleren Löß, mit wenigstens zwei Böden, vom unteren Löß. Es ist eine Parabraunerde mit größter Verwitterungsintensität. Hier finden sich Großsäuger eines echten Inter-glazials, wie Waldelefant, merkisches Nashorn und reichlich Reh. Nachweise von Braunbär, Ur, Murmeltier, Steinbock und Elch aus verschiedenen Tiefen, deren Einwanderungszeit in Mitteleuropa in der Hauptsache bekannt ist, bestätigen diese Altersdatierung.
description: research
Additional file 2 of Stress testing journals: a quasi-experimental study of rejection rates of a previously published paper
Creators: name: Cobey, Kelly D.
name: Rice, Danielle B.
name: Lalu, Manoj M.
name: Abramowitz, Daniel
name: Nadera Ahmadzai
name: Cunningham, Heather
name: Ayala, Ana Patricia
name: Raffoul, Hana
name: Faizan Khan
name: Shamseer, Larissa
name: Moher, David
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: Medicine
Cancer
Science Policy

description: Standard responses given on online submission platform intake forms.
Revealing consensus and dissensus between network partitions
Creators: name: Peixoto, Tiago P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Community detection methods attempt to divide a network into groups of nodes that share similar properties, thus revealing its large-scale structure. A major challenge when employing such methods is that they are often degenerate, typically yielding a complex landscape of competing answers. As an attempt to extract understanding from a population of alternative solutions, many methods exist to establish a consensus among them in the form of a single partition "point estimate" that summarizes the whole distribution. Here we show that it is in general not possible to obtain a consistent answer from such point estimates when the underlying distribution is too heterogeneous. As an alternative, we provide a comprehensive set of methods designed to characterize and summarize complex populations of partitions in a manner that captures not only the existing consensus, but also the dissensus between elements of the population. Our approach is able to model mixed populations of partitions where multiple consensuses can coexist, representing different competing hypotheses for the network structure. We also show how our methods can be used to compare pairs of partitions, how they can be generalized to hierarchical divisions, and be used to perform statistical model selection between competing hypotheses.
description: 28 pages, 16 figures
Horizon Mass Theorem
Creators: name: Ha, Yuan K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A new theorem for black holes is found. It is called the horizon mass theorem. The horizon mass is the mass which cannot escape from the horizon of a black hole. For all black holes: neutral, charged or rotating, the horizon mass is always twice the irreducible mass observed at infinity. Previous theorems on black holes are: 1. the singularity theorem, 2. the area theorem, 3. the uniqueness theorem, 4. the positive energy theorem. The horizon mass theorem is possibly the last general theorem for classical black holes. It is crucial for understanding Hawking radiation and for investigating processes occurring near the horizon.
description: A new theorem for black holes is established
Simulating and Modeling the Risk of Conversational Search
Creators: name: Wang, Zhenduo
name: Ai, Qingyao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: H.3.3

description: In conversational search, agents can interact with users by asking clarifying questions to increase their chance to find better results. Many recent works and shared tasks in both NLP and IR communities have focused on identifying the need of asking clarifying questions and methodologies of generating them. These works assume asking clarifying questions is a safe alternative to retrieving results. As existing conversational search models are far from perfect, it's possible and common that they could retrieve or generate bad clarifying questions. Asking too many clarifying questions can also drain user's patience when the user prefers searching efficiency over correctness. Hence, these models can get backfired and harm user's search experience because of these risks by asking clarifying questions. In this work, we propose a simulation framework to simulate the risk of asking questions in conversational search and further revise a risk-aware conversational search model to control the risk. We show the model's robustness and effectiveness through extensive experiments on three conversations datasets, including MSDialog, Ubuntu Dialog Corpus, and Opendialkg in which we compare it with multiple baselines. We show that the risk-control module can work with two different re-ranker models and outperform all the baselines in most of our experiments.
description: extension on https://dl.acm.org/doi/abs/10.1145/3442381.3449893
Hamiltonian perturbations at the second order approximation
Creators: name: Yang, Di
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Integrability condition of Hamiltonian perturbations of integrable Hamiltonian PDEs of hydrodynamic type up to the second order approximation is considered.
description: 17 pages
Additional file 1 of Stress testing journals: a quasi-experimental study of rejection rates of a previously published paper
Creators: name: Cobey, Kelly D.
name: Rice, Danielle B.
name: Lalu, Manoj M.
name: Abramowitz, Daniel
name: Nadera Ahmadzai
name: Cunningham, Heather
name: Ayala, Ana Patricia
name: Raffoul, Hana
name: Faizan Khan
name: Shamseer, Larissa
name: Moher, David
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: Medicine
Cancer
Science Policy

description: Cover letter provided during article submission.
Eine Klimakurve des Oberpleistozäns aus dem rheinischen Löss
Creators: name: Schirmer, Wolfgang
Publisher: name: Geozon Science Media
Year: 2000

description: Eine rheinische Löss-Boden-Folge, die die letzten 130.000 Jahre umfasst, bietet an Hand von braunen und humosen Boden eine reichere Zahl von Klima-Schwankungen der letzten Kaltzeit als bisher vom terrestrischen Bereich berichtet wurde (Abb. 3, 8). Neunzehn interstadiale Böden lassen sich tendenziell, manchmal auch bis in Einzelheiten nach Alter, Intensität und Gruppierung mit den Interstadialen 1-24 (sensu Dansgaard et al. 1993) aus grönländischen Eiskernen und mit Tiefseesedimentkernen korrelieren (Abb. 9, 10).
description: research
Additional file 1 of Phlebotomine sand flies in Southwest Germany: an update with records in new locations
Creators: name: Oerther, Sandra
name: Jöst, Hanna
name: Heitmann, Anna
name: Lühken, Renke
name: Krüger, Andreas
name: Steinhausen, Irmgard
name: Brinker, Christine
name: Lorentz, Susanne
name: Marx, Michael
name: Schmidt-Chanasit, Jonas
name: Naucke, Torsten
name: Becker, Norbert
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Collection sites, date of collection and number of captured Ph. mascittii (male (m) and female (f)) of the entomological field study in Southwest Germany during 2015–2018 (*collection sites with data logger in 2018).
Eresus kollari Rossi 1846
Creators: name: Paschetta, Mauro
name: Christille, Claretta
name: Marguerettaz, Fabio
name: Isaia, Marco
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Araneae
Eresidae
Eresus
Eresus kollari

description: Eresus kollari Rossi, 1846
LITERATURE. — Isaia 2005; [Rossi & Bosio 2012].
CHOROTYPE. — SIE.
MACROHABITAT. — Not specified.
description: Published as part of Paschetta, Mauro, Christille, Claretta, Marguerettaz, Fabio & Isaia, Marco, 2016, Regional catalogue of the spiders (Arachnida, Araneae) of Aosta Valley (NW Italy), pp. 49-125 in Zoosystema 38 (1) on page 63, DOI: 10.5252/z2016n1a3, http://zenodo.org/record/4578074
Stratigraphie der jüngeren Pyroklastika der Sierra Nevada de Mexico durch schwermineralanalytische und pedologische Untersuchungen
Creators: name: Miehlich, Günter
Publisher: name: Geozon Science Media
Year: 1974

description: Zur Überprüfung der makroskopisch erarbeiteten Stratigraphie der jüngeren Pyroklastika der Sierra Nevada de Mexico wurden schwermineralanalytische und pedologische Untersuchungen an mehr als 200 Einzelproben durchgeführt. Die Schwermineralverhältnisse sind ungeeignet zur Unterscheidung von Aschenlagen, die sich makroskopisch nicht auseinanderhalten lassen. Sie sind entweder zu ähnlich, oder sie streuen innerhalb einer Schicht sehr stark, was v. a, auf eine Sortierung der Aschen in Abhängigkeit zur Entfernung vom Krater zurückgeführt werden kann. Zur Stratigraphie geeignete Bodenmerkmale müssen eine monotone Altersfunktion und eine geringe Tiefenfunktion haben sowie verlagerungsresistent sein. Darüber hinaus muß der Einfluß des Alters auf die Bodeneigenschaften größer sein als die differenzierende Wirkung der übrigen Faktoren der Bodenbildung. Der Gehalt an dithionitlöslichem Eisen und der Aktivitätsgrad pedogenen Eisens ermöglicht die Unterscheidung der makro-, mikroskopisch und schwermineralanalytisch nicht unterscheidbaren Pyroklastika.
description: research
Nonsingular Increasing Gravitational Potential for the Brane in 6D
Creators: name: Gogberashvili, Merab
name: Singleton, Douglas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a new (1+3)-brane solution to Einstein equations in (1+5)-space. As distinct from previous models this solution is free of singularities in the full 6-dimensional space-time. The gravitational potential transverse to the brane is an increasing (but not exponentially) function and asymptotically approaches a finite value. The solution localizes the zero modes of all kinds of matter fields and Newtonian gravity on the brane. An essential feature of the model is that different kind of matter fields have different localization radii.
description: 8 pages, LaTeX, no figures
Simons Observatory Microwave SQUID Multiplexing Readout -- Cryogenic RF Amplifier and Coaxial Chain Design
Creators: name: Rao, Mayuri Sathyanarayana
name: Silva-Feaver, Maximiliano
name: Ali, Aamir
name: Arnold, Kam
name: Ashton, Peter
name: Dober, Bradley J.
name: Duell, Cody J.
name: Duff, Shannon M.
name: Galitzki, Nicholas
name: Healy, Erin
name: Henderson, Shawn
name: Ho, Shuay-Pwu Patty
name: Hoh, Jonathan
name: Kofman, Anna M.
name: Kusaka, Akito
name: Lee, Adrian T.
name: Mangu, Aashrita
name: Mathewson, Justin
name: Mauskopf, Philip
name: McCarrick, Heather
name: Moore, Jenna
name: Niemack, Michael D.
name: Raum, Christopher
name: Salatino, Maria
name: Sasse, Trevor
name: Seibert, Joseph
name: Simon, Sara M.
name: Staggs, Suzanne
name: Stevens, Jason R.
name: Teply, Grant
name: Thornton, Robert
name: Ullom, Joel
name: Vavagiakis, Eve M.
name: Westbrook, Benjamin
name: Xu, Zhilei
name: Zhu, Ningfeng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Simons Observatory (SO) is an upcoming polarization-sensitive Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) experiment on the Cerro Toco Plateau (Chile) with large overlap with other optical and infrared surveys (e.g., DESI, LSST, HSC). To enable the readout of \bigO(10,000) detectors in each of the four telescopes of SO, we will employ the microwave SQUID multiplexing technology. With a targeted multiplexing factor of \bigO{(1,000)}, microwave SQUID multiplexing has never been deployed on the scale needed for SO. Here we present the design of the cryogenic coaxial cable and RF component chain that connects room temperature readout electronics to superconducting resonators that are coupled to Transition Edge Sensor bolometers operating at sub-Kelvin temperatures. We describe design considerations including cryogenic RF component selection, system linearity, noise, and thermal power dissipation.
description: 10 pages, 2 figures
Industrial Edge-based Cyber-Physical Systems -- Application Needs and Concerns for Realization
Creators: name: Törngren, Martin
name: Thompson, Haydn
name: Herzog, Erik
name: Inam, Rafia
name: Gross, James
name: Dán, György
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Industry is moving towards advanced Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS), with trends in smartness, automation, connectivity and collaboration. We examine the drivers and requirements for the use of edge computing in critical industrial applications. Our purpose is to provide a better understanding of industrial needs and to initiate a discussion on what role edge computing could take, complementing current industrial and embedded systems, and the cloud. Four domains are chosen for analysis with representative use-cases; manufacturing, transportation, the energy sector and networked applications in the defense domain. We further discuss challenges, open issues and suggested directions that are needed to pave the way for the use of edge computing in industrial CPS.
description: 7 pages, 1 figure
Interlayer excitons in van der Waals heterostructures: Binding energy, Stark shift, and field-induced dissociation
Creators: name: Kamban, Høgni C.
name: Pedersen, Thomas G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Photoexcited intralayer excitons in van der Waals heterostructures (vdWHs) with type-II band alignment have been observed to tunnel into interlayer excitons on ultrafast timescales. Such interlayer excitons have sufficiently long lifetimes that inducing dissociation with external in-plane electric fields becomes an attractive option of improving efficiency of photocurrent devices. In the present paper, we calculate interlayer exciton binding energies, Stark shifts, and dissociation rates for six different transition metal dichalcogenide (TMD) vdWHs using a numerical procedure based on exterior complex scaling (ECS). We utilize an analytical bilayer Keldysh potential describing the interaction between the electron-hole pair, and validate its accuracy by comparing to the full multilayer Poisson equation. Based on this model, we obtain an analytical weak-field expression for the exciton dissociation rate. The heterostructures analysed are MoS$_2$/MoSe$_2$, MoS$_2$/WS$_2$, MoS$_2$/WSe$_2$, MoSe$_2$/WSe$_2$, WS$_2$/MoSe$_2$, and WS$_2$/WSe$_2$ in various dielectric environments. For weak electric fields, we find that WS$_2$/WSe$_2$ supports the fastest dissociation rates among the six structures. We, furthermore, observe that exciton dissociation rates in vdWHs are significantly larger than in their monolayer counterparts.
Transient weak gravity in scalar-tensor theories
Creators: name: Wittner, Manuel
name: Laverda, Giorgio
name: Piattella, Oliver F.
name: Amendola, Luca
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Sub-horizon perturbations in scalar-tensor theories have been shown to grow generically faster than in uncoupled models due to a positive, additive Yukawa force. In such cases, the amount of clustering becomes larger than in the standard cosmological model, exacerbating the observed tension in the $σ_8$ parameter. Here we show instead that in some simple cases of conformally coupled dark energy one can obtain a transient regime of negative Yukawa force, without introducing ghosts or other instabilities.
description: 20 pages, 2 figures
Self-regulating supernova heating in interstellar medium simulations
Creators: name: Sarson, Graeme R.
name: Shukurov, Anvar
name: Nordlund, Aake
name: Gudiksen, Boris
name: Brandenburg, Axel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Numerical simulations of the multi-phase interstellar medium have been carried out, using a 3D, nonlinear, magnetohydrodynamic, shearing-box model, with random motions driven by supernova explosions. These calculations incorporate the effects of magnetic fields and rotation in 3D; these play important dynamical roles in the galaxy, but are neglected in many other simulations. The supernovae driving the motions are not arbitrarily imposed, but occur where gas accumulates into cold, dense clouds; their implementation uses a physically motivated model for the evolution of such clouds. The process is self-regulating, and produces mean supernova rates as part of the solution. Simulations with differing mean density show a power law relation between the supernova rate and density, with exponent 1.7; this value is within the range suggested from observations (taking star formation rate as a proxy for supernova rate). The global structure of the supernova driven medium is strongly affected by the presence of magnetic fields; e.g. for one solution the filling factor of hot gas is found to vary from 0.19 (with no field) to 0.12 (with initial mid-plane field B_0=6 muG).
description: 6 pages, 4 figures, v2: minor revisions, now accepted for publication in: Magnetic fields and star formation: theory versus observations, eds: A. I. Gomez de Castro et al., Kluwer Acad. Publ., Dordrecht
Closed and open conformal field theories and their anomalies
Creators: name: Hu, Po
name: Kriz, Igor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we give a general axiomatization of anomalies in closed and open conformal field theories. In particular, we generalize Segal's notion of modular functor to a setting where the ``set of labels'' is a 2-vector space. In the case of open conformal field theory, the ``set of $D$-branes'' is a 3-vector space. We also define a ``topological group completion'' of the symmetric bimonoidal category of finite-dimensional vector spaces, and propose it as a candidate for labelling conformal field theories whose modular functors are super-vector spaces.
description: 35 pages
Zur Vegetationsentwicklung des Interglazials von Großweil
Creators: name: Reich, Helga
Publisher: name: Geozon Science Media
Year: 1952

description: An drei Orten im nordwestdeutschen Flachlande konnten zwei Interstadiale der Weichseleiszeit festgestellt werden. Vermutlich gehören die Torfe oberhalb des Interglazials von Eversen bei Rotenburg/Hann. ebenfalls einem dieser Interstadiale an (Wolff & Schröder 1940). Die stratigraphischen Verhältnisse lassen eine eindeutige Eingliederung in die Weichselvereisung zu. In allen Fällen liegen die beiden Torfbänke oberhalb des letzten Interglazials und sind in Sanden der letzten Eiszeit eingeschlossen. Von einer Parallelisierung mit den Stadien der Weichselvereisung soll vorläufig Abstand genommen werden. Durch die Pollenanalyse ergab sich eine Unterteilung in eine Birken- und in eine Kiefernphase. Das Klima war subarktisch-ozeanisch. Die Wiedervereisung nach dem letzten Interglazial und den beiden Interstadialen wurde durch ein feucht-kühles, niederschlagsreiches (vermutlich schneereiches) Klima eingeleitet. Beide Interstadiale haben mit der Alleröd-Oszillation gemeinsame Züge, lassen sich jedoch klar von ihr trennen. Ob eine Unterscheidung der beiden Interstadiale mit Hilfe der Pollenanalyse vorgenommen werden kann, ließen die bisherigen Untersuchungen nicht erkennen und muß daher den weiteren Arbeiten vorbehalten bleiben.
description: research
EXPANSION OF NON-TRADITIONAL FOOD RETAIL OUTLETS: EFFECT ON CONSUMER WELFARE
Creators: name: Morganosky, Michelle A.
name: Cude, Brenda J.
name: Morganosky, Michelle A.
name: Cude, Brenda J.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: In this study three different methods of data collection (telephone interviews/focus groups/on-line consumer surveys) were used to assess the impact of non-traditional retail outlets on consumer welfare. We analyzed consumer cross patronage between supermarkets and nontraditional food retail channels, examined reasons for cross patronage, and made a preliminary assessment of consumer response to one of the newest retail channels: on-line food shopping. Telephone interviews were conducted in a medium-size market with 300 individuals and focus groups were conducted in two major metropolitan markets and one medium-size market. The on-line survey consisted of responses from 243 on-line food shoppers in six different markets. High levels of cross patronage were identified between supermarkets and non-traditional food retail outlets with the highest between traditional supermarkets and supercenter formats. A primary objective of the focus group interviews was to learn how consumers incorporate nontraditional retail formats into their grocery shopping. Focus group participants indicated they add these formats to the existing mix of stores from which they shop. Despite the increased number of types of food retail outlets they patronize, most focus group participants said they don’t feel they spend more time grocery shopping now than before. None of the focus group participants had purchased groceries from on-line services. Therefore, we collaborated with a major supermarket chain offering on-line grocery shopping to survey consumers that were actually buying groceries on-line. Convenience was the primary reason given for shopping online but a significant segment mentioned physical and/or constraint issues as a major factor. A fairly small but interesting group said their primary reason for using on-line services was to avoid going to the grocery store because they “hate shopping” and “hate grocery stores.” Of all the retail outlets examined in this three-part study, on-line shopping appears to meet the specific needs of consumers in a way that is different from that of the other retail outlets. Implications for consumers, retailers, and public policy makers are discussed.
Complementarity and quantum walks
Creators: name: Kendon, Viv
name: Sanders, Barry C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that quantum walks interpolate between a coherent `wave walk' and a random walk depending on how strongly the walker's coin state is measured; i.e., the quantum walk exhibits the quintessentially quantum property of complementarity, which is manifested as a trade-off between knowledge of which path the walker takes vs the sharpness of the interference pattern. A physical implementation of a quantum walk (the quantum quincunx) should thus have an identifiable walker and the capacity to demonstrate the interpolation between wave walk and random walk depending on the strength of measurement.
description: 7 pages, RevTex, 2 figures; v2 adds references; v3 updated to incorporate feedback and updated references; v4 substantially expanded to clarify presentation
Design of a rapid transit to Mars mission using laser-thermal propulsion
Creators: name: Duplay, Emmanuel
name: Bao, Zhuo Fan
name: Rosero, Sebastian Rodriguez
name: Sinha, Arnab
name: Higgins, Andrew
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: Popular Physics (physics.pop-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The application of directed energy to spacecraft mission design is explored using rapid transit to Mars as the design objective. An Earth-based laser array of unprecedented size (10~m diameter) and power (100~MW) is assumed to be enabled by ongoing developments in photonic laser technology. A phased-array laser of this size and incorporating atmospheric compensation would be able to deliver laser power to spacecraft in cislunar space, where the incident laser is focused into a hydrogen heating chamber via an inflatable reflector. The hydrogen propellant is then exhausted through a nozzle to realize specific impulses of 3000 s. The architecture is shown to be immediately reusable via a burn-back maneuver to return the propulsion unit while still within range of the Earth-based laser. The ability to tolerate much greater laser fluxes enables realizing the combination of high thrust and high specific impulse, making this approach favorable in comparison to laser-electric propulsion and occupying a parameter space similar to gas-core nuclear thermal rockets (without the requisite reactor). The heating chamber and its associated regenerative cooling and propellant handling systems are crucial elements of the design that receive special attention in this study. The astrodynamics and the extreme aerocapture maneuver required at Mars arrival after a 45-day transit are also analyzed in detail. The application of laser-thermal propulsion as an enabling technology for other rapid transit missions in the solar system and beyond is discussed.
Extremely strong DLAs at high redshift: Gas cooling and H$_2$ formation
Creators: name: Telikova, K. N.
name: Balashev, S. A.
name: Noterdaeme, P.
name: Krogager, J. -K.
name: Ranjan, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a spectroscopic investigation with VLT/X-shooter of seven candidate extremely strong damped Lyman-$\alpha$ absorption systems (ESDLAs, $N(\text{HI})\ge 5\times 10^{21}$ cm$^{-2}$) observed along quasar sightlines. We confirm the extremely high column densities, albeit slightly (0.1~dex) lower than the original ESDLA definition for four systems. We measured low-ionisation metal abundances and dust extinction for all systems. For two systems we also found strong associated H$_2$ absorption $\log N(\text{H$_2$)[cm$^{-2}$]}=18.16\pm0.03$ and $19.28\pm0.06$ at $z=3.26$ and $2.25$ towards J2205+1021 and J2359+1354, respectively), while for the remaining five we measured conservative upper limits on the H$_2$ column densities of typically $\log N(\text{H$_2$)[cm$^{-2}$]}<17.3$. The increased H$_2$ detection rate ($10-55$% at 68% confidence level) at high HI column density compared to the overall damped Lyman-$\alpha$ population ($\sim 5-10$%) confirms previous works. We find that these seven ESDLAs have similar observed properties as those previously studied towards quasars and gamma-ray burst afterglows, suggesting they probe inner regions of galaxies. We use the abundance of ionised carbon in excited fine-structure level to calculate the cooling rates through the CII $\lambda$158$\mu$m emission, and compare them with the cooling rates from damped Lyman-$\alpha$ systems in the literature. We find that the cooling rates distribution of ESDLAs also presents the same bimodality as previously observed for the general (mostly lower HI column density) damped Lyman-$\alpha$ population.
description: 34 pages, 30 figures, 11 tables; accepted for publication in MNRAS
Characterizing As, Cu, Fe and U solubilization by natural waters
Creators: name: Noubactep, Chicgoua
name: Schöner, A.
name: Schubert, M.
Publisher: name: Springer-Verlag, Berlin/Heidelberg
Year: 2008

description: The effects of carbonate concentration and the presence of in-situ generated iron oxide and hydroxide phases (iron oxyhydroxides) on arsenic (As), copper (Cu), and uranium (U) release from natural rocks were investigated under oxic conditions and in the pH range from 6 to 9. For this purpose non-disturbed batch experiments were conducted with a constant amount of each contaminant bearing rock/mineral and different types of water (deionised, mineral, spring, and tap water). For comparison parallel experiments were conducted with 0.1 M Na2CO3 and 0.1 M H2SO4. The favourable role of carbonate bearing minerals for U and Cu transport could not be confirmed by using dolomite. The presence of elemental iron and pyrite retards As, Cu and U solubilization. This study shows that using natural materials in laboratory investigations is a practical tool to investigate natural processes.
description: research
Zilla diodia
Creators: name: Paschetta, Mauro
name: Christille, Claretta
name: Marguerettaz, Fabio
name: Isaia, Marco
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Araneae
Araneidae
Zilla
Zilla diodia

description: Zilla diodia (Walckenaer, 1802)
LITERATURE. — Isaia 2005; [Rossi & Bosio 2012].
CHOROTYPE. — SIE.
MACROHABITAT. — Not specified.
description: Published as part of Paschetta, Mauro, Christille, Claretta, Marguerettaz, Fabio & Isaia, Marco, 2016, Regional catalogue of the spiders (Arachnida, Araneae) of Aosta Valley (NW Italy), pp. 49-125 in Zoosystema 38 (1) on page 60, DOI: 10.5252/z2016n1a3, http://zenodo.org/record/4578074
Giant Resonances from TDHF
Creators: name: Stevenson, P. D.
name: Strayer, M. R.
name: Stone, J. Rikovska
name: Newton, W. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A method of calculating giant resonance strength functions using Time-Dependent Hartree-Fock techniques is described. An application to isoscalar giant monopole resonances in spherical nuclei is made, thus allowing a comparison between independent 1-, 2- and 3-Dimensional computer codes.
description: Talk given at "10th Nuclear Physics Conference, Marie and Pierre Curie", Kazimierz Dolny, Poland, 24-28 Sept 2003
Front Matter
Creators: name: , Food
name: , Food
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: Public Economics
subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods

description: New Economic Approaches to Consumer Welfare and Nutrition A Food & Agricultural Marketing Consortium Conference Sponsored by the Economic Research Service January 14-15, 1999 Retrieved from internet archive page. https://web.archive.org/web/19991008131154/http://www.ag.uiuc.edu:80/famc/Jan99conf/menu.html
SMALL SCALE PROCESS FOR CANNED CITRUS SECTIONS OR FRUIT SLICES
Creators: name: Berry, Robert E.
name: Berry, Robert E.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1988
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries
Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies

description: A vacuum infusion enzyme/chemical system developed at our laboratory provides the basis for a new process for small scale preparation of preserved citrus sections or fruit, slices. After their peels were scored with knives or penetrated with needles, fruit were submerged in the desired solution and placed under temporary low vacuum. After gases within the fruit had been evacuated, the vacuum was released allowing the surrounding solution to infiltrate the fruit. After a brief period of incubation the fruit was ready for easy processing into the desired product. When commercial pectinases were used with citrus fruit, peels were easily removed and sections separated cleanly, ready for packaging with minimum hand labor. Mango slices were placed in bags with oxygen, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, nitrous oxide and ethylene alone and in different combinations to promote post harvest ripening. Only those stored in oxygen or ethylene developed characteristic mango flavors. Materials of lower oxygen permeability were best for storage stability. The process can be used for treating cut surfaces of many fruits for enhanced color, flavor, nutrients or storage stability.
Dictyna arundinacea
Creators: name: Paschetta, Mauro
name: Christille, Claretta
name: Marguerettaz, Fabio
name: Isaia, Marco
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Araneae
Dictynidae
Dictyna
Dictyna arundinacea

description: Dictyna arundinacea (Linnaeus, 1758)
NEW DATA. — La Thuile: Comba Thuilette, 2000 m, peat bog, 10.VII.2012, 1♂ 4 ♀, leg. Paschetta, Giuliano, Mammola & Marguerettaz; Morgex-La Salle: Natural Reserve of Marais, 900 m, wet meadow, 16.VIII.2011, 1 ♀, leg. Paschetta & Giuliano; same locality, grove of reeds, 9.VII.2012, 1 ♀, leg. Paschetta; same locality, riparian forest, 9.VII.2012, 2 ♀, leg. Paschetta.
LITERATURE. — Rossi & Arnò 1995; [Isaia 2005]; [Rossi & Bosio 2012].
CHOROTYPE. — OLA.
MACROHABITAT. — Wetlands, riparian habitats, broadleaved forests, shrublands.
description: Published as part of Paschetta, Mauro, Christille, Claretta, Marguerettaz, Fabio & Isaia, Marco, 2016, Regional catalogue of the spiders (Arachnida, Araneae) of Aosta Valley (NW Italy), pp. 49-125 in Zoosystema 38 (1) on page 62, DOI: 10.5252/z2016n1a3, http://zenodo.org/record/4578074
SCREENING OF VARIOUS INERT DUSTS AND MATERIALS OF PLANT AND ANIMAL DERIVATIVES FOR THEIR EFFECTIVENESS IN REDUCING STORAGE LOSSES IN COWPEAS
Creators: name: Jayasingh, Daniel B.
name: Jayasingh, Daniel B.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1988
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries
Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies

description: Of twenty inert materials tested, eight gave protection to cowpea seeds in storage, from the cowpea weevil Ca1losobruchus ch i nensis (L) foe up to three months. Red mud, black pepper and paddy husk ash prevented infestation even at a low dosage of 6,7g dust/kg seed. Dosages of 13.4g dust/kg seed and 19.lg dust/kg seed also gave complete protection. Pork fat and coconut oil prevented infestation at 4.2m] oil/kg seed, but failed to do so at dosages of 1,4ml oil/kg seed and 2.8ml oil/kg seed.
Atypus affinis Eichwald 1830
Creators: name: Paschetta, Mauro
name: Christille, Claretta
name: Marguerettaz, Fabio
name: Isaia, Marco
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Araneae
Atypidae
Atypus
Atypus affinis

description: Atypus affinis Eichwald, 1830
LITERATURE. — De Angelis & Fantoni 2008; [Rossi & Bosio 2012].
CHOROTYPE. — EUR.
MACROHABITAT. — Not specified.
description: Published as part of Paschetta, Mauro, Christille, Claretta, Marguerettaz, Fabio & Isaia, Marco, 2016, Regional catalogue of the spiders (Arachnida, Araneae) of Aosta Valley (NW Italy), pp. 49-125 in Zoosystema 38 (1) on page 60, DOI: 10.5252/z2016n1a3, http://zenodo.org/record/4578074
Dampak Krisis dan Bencana Terhadap Pariwisata
Creators: name: Kurnia, Leonardo
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 150603 Tourism Management
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: Paper terkait dengan Dampak Krisis dan Bencana Terhadap Pariwisata
POSTHARVEST TECHNOLOGY: METHODS OF HARVESTING, DRYING AND STORACE OF ONIONS IN JAMAICA
Creators: name: Jayasingh, Daniel B.
name: Jayasingh, Daniel B.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1988
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries
Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies

description: Inadequate water supply caused by drought, poor quality seeds, wrong variety, the high cost of planting materials, fertilizer, chemicals and labour are some of the problems which the farmers have to face in their effort to produce onion. Owing to the high incidence of praedial larceny, as well as the attractive prices when onion is in short supply, many farmers are reluctant to leave their onion in the field until the bulbs have matured. Consequently, immature green onions are often harvested some two to three weeks prematurely, which results in a poor quality produce and shortened shelf-life. Little consideration has been given by farmers to proper harvesting, field drying, curing and storage of onions, Many farmers have not had the need to field dry, cure or store for long periods, hence they have never developed any techniques or structures. Efforts were made by the Ministry oi Agriculture to reduce the postharvest losses and to improve the quality of onion by introducing simple techniques and low input storage and drying structures. The paper deals with postharvest techniques and basic information to farmers on preharvesting and field conditioning, maturity, harvesting, curing and storage of onion. It also describes the simple low cost drying and storage structures developed by the Ministry of Agriculture.
Dampak bencana virus Covid-19 terhadap pariwisata di Indonesia
Creators: name: Fauzan, Muhammad Taufiq
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 150603 Tourism Management
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: dampak bencana virus covid-19 terhadap pariwisata di indonesia
Glazial übertiefte Täler im Bereich des Isar-Loisach-Gletschers: Neue Erkenntnisse über Aufbau und Mächtigkeit des Quartärs in den alpinen Tälern, im Gebiet des „Murnauer Schotters“ und im „Tölzer Lobus“ (erste Mitteilung)
Creators: name: Frank, Horst
Publisher: name: Geozon Science Media
Year: 1979

description: Es werden erste Mitteilungen gemacht über geologische Ergebnisse und Deutungen umfangreicher neuerer geophysikalischer Messungen und anschließender Bohrungen, die in Zusammenhang mit hydrogeologischen Untersuchungen für den Wasserwirtschaftlichen Rahmenplan Isar in den alpinen Tälern und alpenrandnahen Talbecken des Isar-Loisach Gletschers (Oberbayern) durchgeführt wurden. Die Lage von Depressionen (Übertiefungen) und Kulminationen (Schwellen) des verschütteten Talbodens ist zu einem großen Teil von den fluviatilen Vorformen abhängig, die ihrerseits tektonische und petrographische Strukturen nachzeichnen. Fluviatile Talengen wurden zu glazialen Schwellen bzw. schmalen Rinnen umgeformt. Die Talübertiefungen betragen häufig 150 m bis 250 m z. T. sogar 350 m bis 500 m, bezogen auf den heutigen Talboden. Der Auffüllungsvorgang der durch glaziale Erosion entstandenen Hohlformen wurde zu Anfang von Toteismassen beeinflußt. Nach ihrem Abschmelzen entstanden hintereinandergeschaltete, tiefe Seebecken, welche als Sedimentfallen wirkten und mit Deltaschottern und feinkörnigen Seesedimenten aufgefüllt wurden. Diese Auffüllung der Täler geschah zu einem großen Teil in spätriß-glazialer bis frühwürmglazialer Zeit. Die glaziale Erosion war während der Rißeiszeit am umfangreichsten, während der Mindeleiszeit — zumindest in den Beckenzentren — am stärksten in die Tiefe gerichtet und während der Würmeiszeit ungleichmäßig und im allgemeinen wesentlich geringer als zu Riß- und Mindeleiszeit.
description: research
Dampak Bencana Covid-19 terhadap Pariwisata di Indonesia
Creators: name: Fauzan, Muhammad Taufiq
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 150603 Tourism Management
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: Dampak Bencana Virus Covid-19 terhadap pariwisata di Indonesia
Rates of Stellar Tidal Disruption
Creators: name: Stone, Nicholas C.
name: Vasiliev, Eugene
name: Kesden, Michael
name: Rossi, Elena M.
name: Perets, Hagai B.
name: Amaro-Seoane, Pau
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Tidal disruption events occur rarely in any individual galaxy. Over the last decade, however, time-domain surveys have begun to accumulate statistical samples of these flares. What dynamical processes are responsible for feeding stars to supermassive black holes? At what rate are stars tidally disrupted in realistic galactic nuclei? What may we learn about supermassive black holes and broader astrophysical questions by estimating tidal disruption event rates from observational samples of flares? These are the questions we aim to address in this Chapter, which summarizes current theoretical knowledge about rates of stellar tidal disruption, and compares theoretical predictions to the current state of observations.
description: Accepted for publication in Springer Space Science Reviews. Chapter in ISSI review, "The Tidal Disruption of Stars by Massive Black Holes," vol. 79
Examining Market Power in the Finnish Dairy Chain
Creators: name: Valtiala, Juho P.
name: Rezitis, Anthony N.
name: Valtiala, Juho P.
name: Rezitis, Anthony N.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Industrial Organization
subject: Bilateral oligopoly
subject: Finnish dairy chain
subject: GMM

description: This study examined whether processors and retailers have market power in the Finnish dairy chain. Both the dairy processing and the retail sector are highly concentrated in Finland, and market imperfections in the chain are not well known. The results indicate that the retailers have market power over the consumers in the retail market but the processing market is competitive. According to the results, the retailers employ full mark-up in the retail market. It is emphasised that market power in the Finnish dairy chain should be further studied with different approaches to gain more evidence for market power.
The impact of the CAP green box on productivity in FADN European Regions
Creators: name: Guth, Marta Joanna
name: Czyżewski, Bazyli
name: Matuszczak, Anna
name: Guth, Marta Joanna
name: Czyżewski, Bazyli
name: Matuszczak, Anna
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: CAP
subject: Green box subsidies
subject: Sustainability
subject: Agriculture
subject: Productivity

description: Facing the opinion about the ambiguous impact of decoupled subsidies on productivity, the article aims to check whether there are some CAP programmes contributing to the ‘greening’ trend, which have a positive impact on productivity in FADN regions. A two-stage panel analysis was carried out in the years 2007–2012: in the first stage clusters of regions with significantly different farming were identified; in the second the impact of particular CAP mechanisms on productivity was determined. It is concluded that, depending on the sustainability of farming, there are some CAP ‘green’ programmes which have a positive influence on productivity.