cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Robotic modeling of snake traversing large, smooth obstacles reveals stability benefits of body compliance
Creators: name: Fu, Qiyuan
name: Li, Chen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Snakes can move through almost any terrain. Although their locomotion on flat surfaces using planar gaits is inherently stable, when snakes deform their body out of plane to traverse complex terrain, maintaining stability becomes a challenge. On trees and desert dunes, snakes grip branches or brace against depressed sand for stability. However, how they stably surmount obstacles like boulders too large and smooth to gain such anchor points is less understood. Similarly, snake robots are challenged to stably traverse large, smooth obstacles for search and rescue and building inspection. Our recent study discovered that snakes combine body lateral undulation and cantilevering to stably traverse large steps. Here, we developed a snake robot with this gait and snake-like anisotropic friction and used it as a physical model to understand stability principles. The robot traversed steps as high as a third of its body length rapidly and stably. However, on higher steps, it was more likely to fail due to more frequent rolling and flipping over, which was absent in the snake with a compliant body. Adding body compliance reduced the robot roll instability by statistically improving surface contact, without reducing speed. Besides advancing understanding of snake locomotion, our robot achieved high traversal speed surpassing most previous snake robots and approaching snakes, while maintaining high traversal probability.
On bosonic limits of two recent supersymmetric extensions of the Harry Dym hierarchy
Creators: name: Sakovich, S. Yu.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Two generalized Harry Dym equations, recently found by Brunelli, Das and Popowicz in the bosonic limit of new supersymmetric extensions of the Harry Dym hierarchy [J. Math. Phys. 44:4756--4767 (2003)], are transformed into previously known integrable systems: one--into a pair of decoupled KdV equations, the other one--into a pair of coupled mKdV equations from a bi-Hamiltonian hierarchy of Kupershmidt.
description: 7 pages
On the distributed compression of quantum information
Creators: name: Ahn, Charlene
name: Doherty, Andrew
name: Hayden, Patrick
name: Winter, Andreas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the problem of distributed compression for correlated quantum sources. The classical version of this problem was solved by Slepian and Wolf, who showed that distributed compression could take full advantage of redundancy in the local sources created by the presence of correlations. We show that, in general, this is not the case for quantum sources by proving a lower bound on the rate sum for irreducible sources of product states which is stronger than the one given by a naive application of Slepian-Wolf. Nonetheless, strategies taking advantage of correlation do exist for some special classes of quantum sources. For example, Devetak and Winter demonstrated the existence of such a strategy when one of the sources is classical. Here we find optimal non-trivial strategies for a different extreme, sources of Bell states. In addition, we illustrate how distributed compression is connected to other problems in quantum information theory, including information-disturbance questions, entanglement distillation and quantum error correction.
description: 15 pages. v3 corrects an error in the section on irreducible product sources
Causal Inference under Networked Interference and Intervention Policy Enhancement
Creators: name: Ma, Yunpu
name: Tresp, Volker
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Estimating individual treatment effects from data of randomized experiments is a critical task in causal inference. The Stable Unit Treatment Value Assumption (SUTVA) is usually made in causal inference. However, interference can introduce bias when the assigned treatment on one unit affects the potential outcomes of the neighboring units. This interference phenomenon is known as spillover effect in economics or peer effect in social science. Usually, in randomized experiments or observational studies with interconnected units, one can only observe treatment responses under interference. Hence, how to estimate the superimposed causal effect and recover the individual treatment effect in the presence of interference becomes a challenging task in causal inference. In this work, we study causal effect estimation under general network interference using GNNs, which are powerful tools for capturing the dependency in the graph. After deriving causal effect estimators, we further study intervention policy improvement on the graph under capacity constraint. We give policy regret bounds under network interference and treatment capacity constraint. Furthermore, a heuristic graph structure-dependent error bound for GNN-based causal estimators is provided.
description: Published on AISTATS 2021
Effects of Climate and Other Selected Variables on Rice Output Response in Nigeria
Creators: name: Abu, O.
name: Okpe, A.E.
name: Abah, D.A.
name: Abu, O.
name: Okpe, A.E.
name: Abah, D.A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Production Economics
subject: Productivity Analysis
subject: Climate change
subject: Rice output
subject: Error correction model
subject: Supply response
subject: Nigeria

description: Over the years, rising temperature and unpredictable rainfall have been found to create significant consequences in crop and livestock production as well as threatened food security. This study examined the effects of climate change on rice output response in Nigeria from 1966 to 2015 using an error correction model. The results showed that temperature and rainfall adversely affected rice output in Nigeria during the period studied. Furthermore, results showed that rice output was affected by other variables included in the model both in the long and short-runs. The coefficient of real producer price of rice lagged by one year was positive while the real producer price of maize lagged by one year was negative and statistically significant showing that when the price of maize increases over a period of time, a farmer will shift from rice production to maize production and vice versa. The coefficient of the error correction term (ECT_1) was negative and significant at 10% significance level, indicating that rice output adjusted to the equilibrium given any changes in own price, price of substitute and climatic variables. Consequently, for this model in the short-run, rice output was adjusted by 3% of the past year’s deviation from equilibrium. The variance decomposition result showed that rainfall had the most drastic effect on rice output. Consequently, in order for Nigeria to mitigate the negative consequence of climate change on rice output, there is a need for the promotion of irrigation systems.
MRzero -- Fully automated discovery of MRI sequences using supervised learning
Creators: name: Loktyushin, Alexander
name: Herz, Kai
name: Dang, Nam
name: Glang, Felix
name: Deshmane, Anagha
name: Weinmüller, Simon
name: Doerfler, Arnd
name: Schölkopf, Bernhard
name: Scheffler, Klaus
name: Zaiss, Moritz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Purpose: A supervised learning framework is proposed to automatically generate MR sequences and corresponding reconstruction based on the target contrast of interest. Combined with a flexible, task-driven cost function this allows for an efficient exploration of novel MR sequence strategies. Methods: The scanning and reconstruction process is simulated end-to-end in terms of RF events, gradient moment events in x and y, and delay times, acting on the input model spin system given in terms of proton density, T1 and T2, and $Δ$B0. As a proof of concept, we use both conventional MR images and T1 maps as targets and optimize from scratch using the loss defined by data fidelity, SAR penalty, and scan time. Results: In a first attempt, \textit{MRzero} learns gradient and RF events from zero, and is able to generate a target image produced by a conventional gradient echo sequence. Using a neural network within the reconstruction module allows arbitrary targets to be learned successfully. Experiments could be translated to image acquisition at the real system (3T Siemens, PRISMA) and could be verified in the measurements of phantoms and a human brain \textit{in vivo}. Conclusions: Automated MR sequence generation is possible based on differentiable Bloch equation simulations and a supervised learning approach.
rho^0 Production and Possible Modification in Au+Au and p+p Collisions at sqrt(s_NN) = 200 GeV
Creators: name: Adams, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report results on rho(770)^0 -> pi+pi- production at midrapidity in p+p and peripheral Au+Au collisions at sqrt(s_NN) = 200 GeV. This is the first direct measurement of rho(770)^0 -> pi+pi- in heavy-ion collisions. The measured rho^0 peak in the invariant mass distribution is shifted by ~40 MeV/c^2 in minimum bias p+p interactions and ~70 MeV/c^2 in peripheral Au+Au collisions. The rho^0 mass shift is dependent on transverse momentum and multiplicity. The modification of the rho^0 meson mass, width, and shape due to phase space and dynamical effects are discussed.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures, as accepted for Phys. Rev. Lett. The data tables are at http://www.star.bnl.gov/central/publications/pubDetail.php?id=26
The Host Galaxies of AGN
Creators: name: Kauffmann, Guinevere
name: Heckman, Timothy M.
name: Tremonti, Christy
name: Brinchmann, Jarle
name: Charlot, Stephane
name: White, Simon D. M.
name: Ridgway, Susan
name: Brinkmann, Jon
name: Fukugita, Masataka
name: Hall, Patrick
name: Ivezic, Zeljko
name: Richards, Gordon
name: Schneider, Donald
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine the properties of the host galaxies of 22,623 narrow-line AGN with 0.02
description: submitted to MNRAS, 44 pages, version with full resolution figures available at http://www.mpa-garching.mpg.de/~gamk/agnpaper/agnpaper.ps
Using Narrow Band Photometry to Classify Stars and Brown Dwarfs
Creators: name: Mainzer, A. K.
name: McLean, Ian S.
name: Sievers, J. L.
name: Young, E. T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a new system of narrow band filters in the near infrared that can be used to classify stars and brown dwarfs. This set of four filters, spanning the H band, can be used to identify molecular features unique to brown dwarfs, such as H2O and CH4. The four filters are centered at 1.495 um (H2O), 1.595 um (continuum), 1.66 um (CH4), and 1.75 um (H2O). Using two H2O filters allows us to solve for individual objects' reddenings. This can be accomplished by constructing a color-color-color cube and rotating it until the reddening vector disappears. We created a model of predicted color-color-color values for different spectral types by integrating filter bandpass data with spectra of known stars and brown dwarfs. We validated this model by making photometric measurements of seven known L and T dwarfs, ranging from L1 - T7.5. The photometric measurements agree with the model to within +/-0.1 mag, allowing us to create spectral indices for different spectral types. We can classify A through early M stars to within +/-2 spectral types, late-type M and L dwarfs to within +/-0.3 spectral types and T dwarfs to within +/-0.1 spectral types 1-sigma. Thus, we can distinguish between a T1 and a T3 dwarf. The four physical bands can be converted into two reddening-free indices, mu1 and mu2, and an extinction, AV, for the individual object. This technique, which is equivalent to extremely low resolution spectroscopy, can be used to survey large areas to provide rough spectral classifications for all the stars in the area, ranging down to the coolest brown dwarfs. It should prove particularly useful in young clusters where reddening can be high.
description: 20 pages, 8 figures, submitted 18 Aug. 2003, accepted 5 Dec. 2003 to ApJ
Eurytoma undetermined Mayr 1878
Creators: name: Dorchin, Netta
name: Mifsud, David
name: Askew, Richard
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Eurytomidae
Eurytoma
Eurytoma undetermined

description: Eurytoma sp. nr dentata Mayr, 1878
(Chalcidoidea: Eurytomidae)
 Eurytoma dentata is known as a parasitoid of Asphondylia spp., nine of which (plus one Contarinia species) are listed as hosts by Noyes (2012). Mayr (1878) had specimens reared from galls of Asphondylia sarothamni Loew and A. verbasci Vallot on Cytisus and Verbascum respectively, and from seed-pods of Lotus, Medicago, Genista and Coronilla. Material of E. dentata, available for comparison with the Maltese specimens, was reared from galls of A. verbasci on Verbascum sinuatum from Crete, Cyprus and Turkey (leg. M. Boness), A. punica Marchal on Atriplex halimus from Cyprus (M. Boness) and A. sarothamni on Cytisus scoparius from Germany (M. Boness). Eurytoma dentata has a broad distribution covering most of Europe and is known from the Caucasus, Central Asia and India east to the Phillipines. An account of the biology of E. dentata (under its synonym E. nesiotes Crawford), as an ectoparasitoid of Asphondylia sesami Felt on Sesamum indicum, is given by Tiwari (1974).
 Material examined. 4♂ 4♀, Malta, Migra Ferħa, 5–25.v.2012, D. Mifsud, emerged 10–16.vi.2012 from galls of Asphondylia scopuli on Atriplex lanfrancoi; 2♂ 6♀, same data, emerged 20–30.vi.2012, deposited in the private collections of DM & RA.
 Compared with E. dentata associated with Asphondylia galls on Cytisus and Verbascum, the specimens reared from Atriplex lanfrancoi are small, the mesepisternal tooth is relatively low and less sharply pointed, and the male antennal funicle segments have rather long apical petioles. In addition, the antennal scape is entirely pale in females and very broadly pale basally in males, whereas in specimens of E. dentata from Cytisus, Viburnum and Atriplex halimus the scape has very little, if any, pale coloration. These differences prevent a positive identification of the Maltese material as E. dentata. The generic placement of E. dentata and allied species, currently considered to belong to Eurytoma, is unresolved (Lotfalizadeh et al. 2007).
description: Published as part of Dorchin, Netta, Mifsud, David & Askew, Richard, 2014, Saltbush-associated Asphondylia species (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) in the Mediterranean Basin and their chalcidoid parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea), pp. 383-396 in Zootaxa 3869 (4) on page 391, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3869.4.3, http://zenodo.org/record/4947313
The Effect of Exchange Rate Volatility on Agricultural Exports in Nigeria: An Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) Bounds Test Approach
Creators: name: Akinbode, S. O.
name: Ojo, O. T.
name: Akinbode, S. O.
name: Ojo, O. T.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Agricultural Finance
subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Exchange rate
subject: Volatity
subject: Export
subject: Agriculture

description: There have been fluctuations in the exchange rate of Naira to other major world currencies especially the US Dollar over time. The implication of this on agricultural exports is unknown. This study determined the effect of exchange rate volatility on Nigeria’s agricultural export performance using annual data from 1980-2015. The Generalized Autoregressive Conditional Heteroscedasticity (GARCH-1,1) model was used to generate the exchange rate volatility series which was subsequently incorporated into the Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) Model for determining factors affecting agricultural exports (cocoa and rubber). The Bounds Test revealed long-run relationship among variables. The results indicated that exchange rate volatility did not significantly affect exports both in the short-run and the long-run. This may be partially attributed to the inelastic nature of agricultural commodities’ supply particularly in the short run. It was also revealed that there was a positive and significant relationship between exchange rate, inflation, GDP, domestic prices, world prices and agricultural export. The study recommended that fiscal and monetary policies such as lower interest rate and import restriction on certain agricultural products should be adopted by the relevant authorities alongside other measures which may improve local production to meet both international and local demands, thereby, improving agricultural export and raising foreign exchange earnings which may translate to sustainable economic growth and lead the country out of recession.
Status of the ANTARES Project
Creators: name: Katz, U. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The ANTARES collaboration is constructing a neutrino telescope in the Mediterranean Sea at a depth of 2400 metres, about 40 kilometres off the French coast near Toulon. The detector will consist of 12 vertical strings anchored at the sea bottom, each supporting 25 triplets of optical modules equipped with photomultipliers, yielding sensitivity to neutrinos with energies above some 10 GeV. The effective detector area is roughly 0.1 square kilometres for neutrino energies exceeding 10 TeV. The measurement of the Cherenkov light emitted by muons produced in muon-neutrino charged-current interactions in water and under-sea rock will permit the reconstruction of the neutrino direction with an accuracy of better than 0.3 degrees at high energies. ANTARES will complement the field of view of neutrino telescopes at the South Pole in the low-background searches for point-sources of high-energy cosmic neutrinos and will also be sensitive to neutrinos produced by WIMP annihilation in the Sun or the Galactic centre.
description: 3 pages, 3 figures, to appear in Proc. HEP2003 Europhysics Conf., Aachen, Germany, 17-23 July 2003
Catch Performance and Household Poverty among Artisanal Fisherfolks in Rivers State
Creators: name: Ehirim, N. C.
name: Gbolagun, A. O.
name: Mgbeahurike, C. M.
name: Ehirim, N. C.
name: Gbolagun, A. O.
name: Mgbeahurike, C. M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: Production Economics
subject: Artisanal fishery
subject: Catch performance
subject: Poverty status
subject: FGT
subject: Tobit model

description: The study analyzed the artisanal fishery performance and poverty status of fisher folks in Rivers State, Nigeria. A multi stage random sampling technique was used to select 170 fisher folks from the fishing communities. Primary data were obtained with the aid of structured questionnaire and interview schedule. Descriptive statistics, Net Margin, FGT and Tobit regression models were employed in the analysis of the data. The mean age of the distribution was 39.8 years with catch performance of 26.77kg/hr and efficiency of 305.57%. The total revenue of N64, 205.00 per fisher per month, variable cost and fixed cost are N16, 089.70 and N4, 921.80 respectively. The gross and net margin were calculated to be N48, 115.30 and N43, 193.50 respectively with rate of return on Investment of 2.06. The per capita expenditure per adult equivalent (PCEAE) and poverty line were N2, 445.26 and N1, 630.171 per month respectively. The poverty headcount, depth and severity were 0.8492, 0.455 and 0.2827 respectively. The results of Tobit model show that sigma (δ) was 0.127 (p<0.00). All the included explanatory variables had expected signs which imply that they follow the a priori expectation as regard to poverty status in the study area. However, only secondary dummy, household size, fishing experience, monthly income and labour effort were significant in the model. It is recommended that artisanal fishermen in the study area should be embrace adult education and modern fishing training programmes to improve their understanding of the new fishing methods and technologies and increase their catch performance and Government should assist artisanal fishermen with necessary inputs such as fishing equipment, training, soft loan in order to boost domestic fish supply to the economy.
Effects of Domestic Remittances on Poverty Status of Rural Households in Ogun State, Nigeria
Creators: name: Tolorunju, E. T.
name: Dipeolu, A. O.
name: Sanusi, R. A.
name: Tolorunju, E. T.
name: Dipeolu, A. O.
name: Sanusi, R. A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: Domestic remittances
subject: Poverty
subject: Multidimensional poverty index
subject: Rural households

description: This study assessed the types and channels of domestic remittances received by rural households as well as the dimensions of poverty and its effect on domestic remittance among rural households in Ogun State. A Structured questionnaire was used to obtain primary data from 223 respondents drawn through multi-stage sampling technique from the study area. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics, Multidimensional Poverty Index and Binary Logit regression. Findings revealed that 57.4% of the household heads were male, 58% were married, 44.3% had primary education and 62.4% received domestic remittances with a mean age and household size of 55 years and 4 persons respectively. Half (50.4%) of the respondents received cash remittances and 62% received remittances through personal delivery. Result showed Poverty Index bench mark of 0.333, 59.3% of the rural households were poor with a poverty intensity of 0.658 Age squared (p<0.01), remittance income (p<0.10), and farm size (p<0.10) increased households’ likelihood of escaping poverty while sex (p<0.01) and household size (p<0.05) increased the likelihood of poverty exit. In conclusion, domestic remittances reduced poverty of rural households in the study area. The study therefore recommends that continuous flow of remittances into rural households should be enhanced in order to facilitate improved standard of living.
Renormalizability of Non(anti)commutative Gauge Theories with N=1/2 Supersymmetry
Creators: name: Lunin, Oleg
name: Rey, Soo-Jong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Non(anti)commutative gauge theories are supersymmetric Yang-Mills and matter system defined on a deformed superspace whose coordinates obey non(anti)commutative algebra. We prove that these theories in four dimensions with N=1/2 supersymmetry are renormalizable to all orders in perturbation theory. Our proof is based on operator analysis and symmetry arguments. In a case when the Grassman-even coordinates are commutative, deformation induced by non(anti)commutativity of the Grassman-odd coordinates contains operators of dimension-four or higher. Nevertheless, they do not lead to power divergences in a loop diagram because of absence of operators Hermitian-conjugate to them. In a case when the Grassman-even coordinates are noncommutative, the ultraviolet-infrared mixing makes the theory renormalizable by the planar diagrams, and the deformed operators are not renormalized at all. We also elucidate relation at quantum level between non(anti)commutative deformation and N=1/2 supersymmetry. We point out that the star product structure dictates a specific relation for renormalization among the deformed operators.
description: 21 pages, Latex, 2 figs; v2. minor corrections
The intrinsic colour dispersion in Type Ia supernovae
Creators: name: Nobili, S.
name: Goobar, A.
name: Knop, R.
name: Nugent, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The properties of low-redshift Type Ia supernovae are investigated using published multi-band optical broadband data from the Calan/Tololo and CfA surveys. The average time evolution of B-V, V-R, R-I, B-I and V-I, the intrinsic dispersion and time correlations are studied. This information is required to deduce the extinction of such explosions from the measured colours. We find that extinction corrections on individual SNe based on their colours up to 40 days past the B-band lightcurve maximum are generaly limited to σ_{A_V} \gsim 0.1, due to intrinsic variations, as far as it can be conservatively deduced with the current sample of data. However, we find that the V-R colour, especially at late times, is consistent with a negligible intrinsic spread, and may be the most accurate estimator for extinction.
description: 12 pages,13 figures,A&A in press
Covariant Spin Kinetic Theory I: Collisionless Limit
Creators: name: Liu, Yu-Chen
name: Mameda, Kazuya
name: Huang, Xu-Guang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop a covariant kinetic theory for massive fermions in curved spacetime and external electromagnetic field based on quantum field theory. We derive four coupled semi-classical kinetic equations accurate at $O(\hbar)$, which describe the transports of particle number and spin degrees of freedom. The relation with the chiral kinetic theory is discussed. As an application, we study the spin polarization in the presence of finite Riemann curvature and electromagnetic field in both local and global equilibrium states.
description: 12 pages, erratum applied version
Gender Gaps and Adoption of Climate Smart Practices among Cereal Farm Households in Nigeria
Creators: name: Fapojuwo, O. E.
name: Ogunnaike, M. G.
name: Shittu, A. M.
name: Kehinde, M. O.
name: Oyawole, F. P.
name: Fapojuwo, O. E.
name: Ogunnaike, M. G.
name: Shittu, A. M.
name: Kehinde, M. O.
name: Oyawole, F. P.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Gender gaps
subject: Climate smart
subject: Farm households
subject: Multivariate probit
subject: Nigeria

description: Women are more active as economic agents in Africa than anywhere else in the world and perform the majority of agricultural activities in some countries. Societal norms, beliefs and economic constraints limits their access to agricultural productive resources, decision making process and adoption of climate smart practices(CSPs). This paper documented the effect of gender gaps on adoption of CSPs in Nigeria. Primary data were collected through a structured questionnaire using a multistage random technique from a cross section of 1,747 rice and maize farmers in Nigeria. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics abbreviated women empowerment in agriculture index (AWEAI) and Multivariate Probit regression. The AWEAI results showed that men are more empowered than women in four indicators out of the six indicators of empowerment except for use of credit (37%) and workload (68%). The adoption of CSPs revealed that female farmers adopted agroforestry more in the derived savannah (78%), northern guinea savannah (79%) and rain forest (64%) while Male farmers generally adopted crop rotation (28%) in derived and zero tillage (52%) in northern guinea savannah. The Multivariate probit results indicated that female plot managers have higher probability of adopting green manure(p<0.05) and agroforestry (p<0.01), while male plot managers were more likely to adopt crop rotation (p<0.01). The study showed that adoptions of CSPs are strongly influenced by gender of plot manager suggesting that efforts to promote green manure and agroforestry should target female farmers who would warmly welcome the complimentary role these practices played in plots where they are adopted.
Onycognathus intermedius Hartert
Creators: name: Lecroy, Mary
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Aves
Passeriformes
Sturnidae
Onycognathus
Onycognathus intermedius

description: Onycognathus [sic] intermedius Hartert
Onycognathus [sic] intermedius Hartert, 1895: 56 (Lukolele on the Congo).
Now Onychognathus fulgidus hartlaubii G.R. Gray, 1858. See Hartert, 1919: 135; Sclater, 1930: 663; Chapin, 1954b: 139–140; Amadon, 1956: 25–26; Fry et al., 2000: 580–581; Dickinson, 2003: 658; and Craig and Feare, 2009: 742–743.
HOLOTYPE: AMNH 669218, [male], collected at Lukolela (= Lukolele), 01.10S, 17.11E (Times Atlas), Congo River, Congo (Kinshasa), in May 1894, by F.G. Harrison. From the Rothschild Collection.
COMMENTS: When Hartert described intermedius, he had the single specimen, which he designated as the holotype, but also included a specimen that was mentioned in ‘‘ Ibis, 1890, p. 164’’ from Yambuya on the Aruwimi River, collected by J.S. Jameson. This latter specimen is not in AMNH. Chapin (1954b: 139–140) synonymized intermedius with O. fulgidus hartlaubii, and the form was not mentioned by Amadon (1956: 25–26, 1962a: 90). Fry et al. (2000: 580–581) and Dickinson (2003: 658) recognized intermedius, but Craig and Feare (2009: 742–743) again synonymized it with hartlaubii.
description: Published as part of Lecroy, Mary, 2014, Type Specimens Of Birds In The American Museum Of Natural History Part 12. Passeriformes: Ploceidae, Sturnidae, Buphagidae, Oriolidae, Dicruridae, Callaeidae, Grallinidae, Corcoracidae, Artamidae, Cracticidae, Ptilonorhynchidae, Cnemophilidae, Paradisaeidae, And Corvidae, pp. 1-165 in Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 2014 (393) on page 36, DOI: 10.1206/885.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4629954
Searching for heavy Higgs in supersymmetric final states at the LHC
Creators: name: Adhikary, Amit
name: Bhattacherjee, Biplob
name: Godbole, Rohini M.
name: Khan, Najimuddin
name: Kulkarni, Suchita
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, we analyse and demonstrate possible strategies to explore extended Higgs sector of the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model (MSSM). In particular we concentrate on heavy Higgs decays to electroweakinos. We analyse the Higgs to electroweakino decays in the allowed MSSM parameter space after taking into account 13 TeV LHC searches for supersymmetric particles and phenomenological constraints such as flavour physics, Higgs measurements and dark matter constraints. We explore some novel aspects of these Higgs decays. The final states resulting from Higgs to electroweakino decays will have backgrounds arising from the Standard Model as well as direct electroweakino production at the LHC. We demonstrate explicit kinematical differences between Higgs to electroweakino decays and associated backgrounds. Furthermore, we demonstrate for a few specific example points, optimised analysis search strategies at the high luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) run. Finally, we comment on possible search strategies for heavy Higgs decays to exotic final states, where the lightest chargino is long lived and leads to a disappearing track at the LHC.
description: Version 2; Accepted for publication in JHEP
Additional file 3 of Dispensation of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) medications in patients receiving opioid agonist therapy; a national prospective cohort study in Norway from 2015 to 2017
Creators: name: Vold, Jørn Henrik
name: Aas, Christer
name: Skurtveit, Svetlana
name: Odsbu, Ingvild
name: Chalabianloo, Fatemeh
name: Halmøy, Anne
name: Johansson, Kjell Arne
name: Fadnes, Lars Thore
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 3. STROBE Statement. Checklist of items that should be included in reports of cohort studies
Contribution of Foreign Direct Investment and Other Selected Variables to Agricultural Productivity in Nigeria: 1990-2016
Creators: name: Edewor, S. E.
name: Dipeolu, A. O.
name: Ashaolu, O. F.
name: Akinbode, S. O.
name: Ogbe, A. O.
name: Edewor, A. O.
name: Tolorunju, E. T.
name: Oladeji, S. O.
name: Edewor, S. E.
name: Dipeolu, A. O.
name: Ashaolu, O. F.
name: Akinbode, S. O.
name: Ogbe, A. O.
name: Edewor, A. O.
name: Tolorunju, E. T.
name: Oladeji, S. O.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Production Economics
subject: Productivity Analysis
subject: Public Economics
subject: Foreign direct investment
subject: Agricultural productivity
subject: GDP
subject: Exchange rate
subject: Nigeria

description: Over the past few years, Nigeria has been faced with a series of policy changes and political instability that has led to the incidence of capital flight from Nigeria. This study sought to examine the contribution of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) and other selected variables to the Agricultural productivity. The study made use of annual time series of some macroeconomic variables and agricultural productivity spanning the period1990 to 2016. The data were analysed using descriptive statistics and Multiple Regression Model. The data were further tested for stationarity using the Augmented Dicky-Fuller unit root test where it was ascertained that the entire hypothesized variable were stationary and significant (p<0.01) at first difference. The study revealed that the amount allocated to the agricultural sector declined steadily over the years with the highest value in 2014. Similarly, the determinants of agricultural productivity included exchange rate, inflation rates, GDP, Government regime and per capita arable land (ha). The study therefore recommends that balanced exchange rate should be controlled for to encourage FDI inflow into the country and funds disbursed should be properly monitored and a system put in place to ensure proper implementation of the purpose for which the funds was disbursed by the Ministry of Agriculture.
Aging, End of Life & Narrative Ethics Teaching Guide
Creators: name: Sufian, Sandra
name: Kirschner, Kristi
name: Gramelspacher, Anna Maria
name: Laetham, Erica
name: Halpern, Jodi
Publisher: name: University of Illinois at Chicago
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 220101 Bioethics (human and animal)
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: 220106 Medical Ethics
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 110308 Geriatrics and Gerontology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: This Health Humanities Portrait-- Aging, End of Life and Narrative Ethics-- uses a narrative ethics framework to explore social and systemic realities that influence care of people as they age and as they face the end of life. It highlights the patient’s voice and organizes patient values and preferences on the matter of aging and end of life. The HHP helps learners appreciate the social, systemic, economic, racial/ethnic, geographic, relational, and developmental stages of a patient’s life that influence care in older age and at the end of life. The portrait applies the virtue of narrative humility to the material so learners recognize the limits of our own knowledge and our inability to completely understand another’s experience. It employs close reading to cultivate empathic curiosity and guard against projection in interpreting a patient’s preferences, values, unmet needs, and experiences of aging and of end of life.
Additional file 1 of BLAMM: BLAS-based algorithm for finding position weight matrix occurrences in DNA sequences on CPUs and GPUs
Creators: name: Fostier, Jan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 1 BLAMM: BLAS-based Algorithm for Finding Position Weight Matrix Occurrences in DNA sequences on CPUs and GPUs.
Eupelmus (Macroneura) muellneri Ruschka 1921
Creators: name: Dorchin, Netta
name: Mifsud, David
name: Askew, Richard
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Eupelmidae
Eupelmus
Eupelmus muellneri

description: Eupelmus (Macroneura) muellneri Ruschka, 1921
(Chalcidoidea: Eupelmidae)
 Eupelmus muellneri is a brachypterous Palaearctic species known from the Canary Islands, southern Europe (north of the Czech Republic), North Africa and the former USSR. It is polyphagous but strongly associated with gallforming hosts on herbaceous plants and shrubs. Hosts in Lepidoptera (Pyralidae), Diptera (Cecidomyiidae, Tephritidae), Hymenoptera (Cynipidae, Eurytomidae) and, improbably, Hemiptera (Aphidoidea) are cited in Noyes (2012). Specimens of E. muellneri reared from the following hosts have been examined:
 Lepidoptera, Gelechiidae, Oecocecis guyonella (Guenee) on Limoniastrum (Tunisia, Djerba Island, leg. M. Boness) (new host record); Diptera, Cecidomyiidae, Stefaniella atriplicis (Kieffer) on Atriplex halimus (Portugal, Spain, Tunisia); Asphondylia punica Marchal on Atriplex halimus (Cyprus) (new host record), unidentified cecidomyiid galls on Artemisia (Spain) and Capparis spinosa (Cyprus); Diptera, Tephritidae, Myopites sp (p). on Inula (mainland Spain and Majorca); Hymenoptera, Cynipidae, Isocolus lichtensteini (Mayr) on Centaurea nicaensis (Formentera), Phanacis helminthiae (De Stefani) on Picris aculeata (Sicily, leg.V. Rocco Lo Duca, R.R. Askew) (listed under Phanacis?caulicola in Askew et al. 2006), Timaspis cichorii Kieffer on Cichorium intybus (Spain, leg. A. Ribes) (new host record), Diplolepis eglanteriae (Hartig) on Rosa sempervirens (Malta, Wied Incita, D. Mifsud) and Diplolepis sp. on Rosa (Spain).
 Material examined. 13♀, Malta, Migra Ferħa, 5–25.v.2012, D. Mifsud, emerged 13–20.vi.2012 from galls of Asphondylia scopuli; 6♀, same data, emerged 26–30.vi.2012, all deposited in the private collections of DM & RA.
 It is noteworthy that only females of E. muellneri were reared in Malta from both Asphondylia scopuli (19 individuals) and Diplolepis eglanteriae (3 individuals). In comparison, the ratio of males to females reared from cecidomyiid galls elsewhere approximates 1:2.
description: Published as part of Dorchin, Netta, Mifsud, David & Askew, Richard, 2014, Saltbush-associated Asphondylia species (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) in the Mediterranean Basin and their chalcidoid parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea), pp. 383-396 in Zootaxa 3869 (4) on page 394, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3869.4.3, http://zenodo.org/record/4947313
On the nature of dark matter
Creators: name: Matos, T.
name: Urena-Lopez, L. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Dark matter in the universe seems to be one of the most important puzzles science has to face in this moment. In this essay we point out that dark matter could be a spin-0 fundamental interaction of Nature rather than a simple particle. From this hypothesis follows that dark matter behaves just as standard cold dark matter at cosmological level while still in good agreement with observations at galactic scales. This new interaction could be one of the scalar fields predicted by higher-dimensional theories.
description: 3 pages, no figures. Honorable Mention in the 2004 Awards for Essays on Gravitation (Gravity Research Foundation)
Additional file 1 of Combined protein and calcium β-hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate induced gains in leg fat free mass: a double-blinded, placebo-controlled study
Creators: name: Stahn, Alexander C.
name: Maggioni, Martina Anna
name: Hanns-Christian Gunga
name: Elmarie Terblanche
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Cardiology

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Composition of nutritional supplements.
A mean-field analysis of two-player zero-sum games
Creators: name: Domingo-Enrich, Carles
name: Jelassi, Samy
name: Mensch, Arthur
name: Rotskoff, Grant
name: Bruna, Joan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Finding Nash equilibria in two-player zero-sum continuous games is a central problem in machine learning, e.g. for training both GANs and robust models. The existence of pure Nash equilibria requires strong conditions which are not typically met in practice. Mixed Nash equilibria exist in greater generality and may be found using mirror descent. Yet this approach does not scale to high dimensions. To address this limitation, we parametrize mixed strategies as mixtures of particles, whose positions and weights are updated using gradient descent-ascent. We study this dynamics as an interacting gradient flow over measure spaces endowed with the Wasserstein-Fisher-Rao metric. We establish global convergence to an approximate equilibrium for the related Langevin gradient-ascent dynamic. We prove a law of large numbers that relates particle dynamics to mean-field dynamics. Our method identifies mixed equilibria in high dimensions and is demonstrably effective for training mixtures of GANs.
Systematic study of the impact of CP-violating phases of the MSSM on leptonic high-energy observables
Creators: name: Choi, Seong Youl
name: Drees, Manuel
name: Gaissmaier, Benedikt
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Low-energy results from measurements of leptonic dipole moments are used to derive constraints on the CP-violating phases of the dimensionful parameters of the minimal supersymmetric extension of the standard model (MSSM). We use these (known) bounds to investigate the impact of these phases on CP-even cross sections at high-energy e^+e^- and e^-e^- colliders. To that end we define two measures of the significance with which the existence of non--vanishing phases could be deduced from the measurements of these cross sections. We find that highly significant evidence for deviations from the CP-conserving MSSM could be obtained at the next e^+e^- collider even if the electric dipole moment of the electron is very small or zero. We also analyze a CP-odd final state polarization, which can be large when two different charginos or neutralinos are produced. Finally, we study correlations between the phase--sensitive observables.
description: 56 pages, 14 figures; a few typos corrected
Additional file 1 of Frailty assessment and risk prediction by GRACE score in older patients with acute myocardial infarction
Creators: name: Anand, Atul
name: Cudmore, Sarah
name: Robertson, Shirley
name: Stephen, Jacqueline
name: Haga, Kristin
name: Weir, Christopher J.
name: Murray, Scott A.
name: Boyd, Kirsty
name: Gunn, Julian
name: Javaid Iqbal
name: MacLullich, Alasdair
name: Shenkin, Susan D.
name: Fox, Keith A. A.
name: Mills, Nicholas
name: Denvir, Martin A.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1. Supplementary material including 4 additional data tables and 4 additional figures as referenced in the results section.
A MIGRÁCIÓS HULLÁM OKAINAK ELEMZÉSE
Causes of migration waves: a review
Creators: name: Kőmíves, Péter Miklós
name: Popp, József
name: Harangi-Rákos, Mónika
name: Oláh, Judit
name: Kőmíves, Péter Miklós
name: Popp, József
name: Harangi-Rákos, Mónika
name: Oláh, Judit
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: migráció
subject: menekült
subject: klímaváltozás
subject: integráció
subject: diszkrimináció
subject: migration
subject: refugee
subject: climatic change
subject: integration
subject: discrimination

description: A 21. századi nemzetállamok egyik legnagyobb kihívása a migráció okozta gazdasági, politikai és társadalmi problémák, amelyekre közösen kell válaszolniuk. Célkitűzésünk megvizsgálni a napjainkban megfigyelhető nagyarányú népességvándorlással kapcsolatos eseményeket, az azokat kiváltó okokat és prediktív hatását azokon az attitűdökön keresztül, amelyeket a többségi társadalom állított fel és képvisel. A migráció sikeres kezelésének érdekében elengedhetetlenül szükség van egy mainál sokkal nyitottabb társadalom létrejöttére, ahol egyértelmű célként jelenik meg a migránsok sikeres társadalmi és gazdasági integrálása. ----------------- The economic, political and social changes experienced globally in recent years have influenced international migration in the 21. century. All these challenges are supposed to be addressed collectively. The aim of our study is to present the economic and non-economic aspects determining migration and to explain anti-migration behaviour represented by the majority of society. In order to facilitate a successful integration it is essential to create a more open-minded host society with a clear goal, which targets the socio-economic integration of immigrants and refugees.