cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Gapped spin-1/2 spinon excitations in a new kagome quantum spin liquid compound Cu$_3$Zn(OH)$_6$FBr
Creators: name: Feng, Zili
name: Li, Zheng
name: Meng, Xin
name: Yi, Wei
name: Wei, Yuan
name: Zhang, Jun
name: Wang, Yan-Cheng
name: Jiang, Wei
name: Liu, Zheng
name: Li, Shiyan
name: Liu, Feng
name: Luo, Jianlin
name: Li, Shiliang
name: Zheng, Guo-qing
name: Meng, Zi Yang
name: Mei, Jia-Wei
name: Shi, Youguo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report a new kagome quantum spin liquid candidate Cu$_3$Zn(OH)$_6$FBr, which does not experience any phase transition down to 50 mK, more than three orders lower than the antiferromagnetic Curie-Weiss temperature ($\sim$ 200 K). A clear gap opening at low temperature is observed in the uniform spin susceptibility obtained from $^{19}$F nuclear magnetic resonance measurements. We observe the characteristic magnetic field dependence of the gap as expected for fractionalized spin-1/2 spinon excitations. Our experimental results provide firm evidence for spin fractionalization in a topologically ordered spin system, resembling charge fractionalization in the fractional quantum Hall state.
description: 5 pages and 3 figures. Supplementary Materials file is in the source file and also can be found in CPL published online version
Verification formulas for the paper Bias conjecture for the family of cubic pencils by Matija Kazalicki and Bartosz Naskręcki
Creators: name: Naskrecki, Bartosz
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: This is a collection of procedures in Magma which numerically validate the formulas from the paper Second moments and the Bias conjecture for the family of cubic pencils by Matija Kazalicki and Bartosz Naskręcki
Deprived_Learning_Environment_and_Delinquent_Behaviour_among_Undergraduates.pdf
Creators: name: Orji, Evelyn   Ijeoma
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 399999
subject: Other education not elsewhere classified

description: Abstract The study explores deprived learning environment and delinquent behaviour among Undergraduates of Faculty of Education, University of Calabar, Nigeria. Survey research design was adopted for the study. The sampling techniques adopted for the study were census, purposive, proportionate and accidental; 601 respondents were drawn from the population of 8,400 undergraduate students of Faculty of Education in the 2018/2019 academic session. An instrument titled “Perceived Deprivation Factors and Truancy of Undergraduate Questionnaire,” validated through peer review, was used for data collection. The data was analyzed using simple statistical tools like frequency and percentages. The results showed perceived deprivation factors responsible for truancy among undergraduate students of the Faculty of Education to include poor lecturer-student interpersonal relationship, inaudibility of lecturers, lecturers' postponement of lectures/change of venue, peer influence, among others. Institutional factors suggested to curb truancy among the students include effective supervision of lecturers, effective guidance and counselling to help student focus on their studies, regular orientation programme especially to address adolescent students in class about truancy and its consequences among others. Keywords: Deprived, Learning, Delinquent, Behaviour, Undergraduate, sustainable, development.
The occurrence mechanism for local governments’ overregulation: evidence from central environmental protection inspection
Creators: name: Kou, Po
name: Han, Ying
name: Guo, Yujing
name: Shi, Jianhua
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: Excessive environmental regulation can achieve environmental improvement, but it is not conducive to sustainable environmental improvement. This paper takes the “one-size-fits-all” (OFA) in the process of China’s central environmental protection inspection (CEPI) as an example to explore the occurrence mechanism from the perspective of multiple co-governance. Using the fuzzy set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA), we find that four distinct mechanisms can result in OFA. Based on the four distinct mechanisms, we find that even if the pollution behavior of enterprises is not serious, local governments may still adopt OFA under a combination of other conditions; non-key cities of environmental protection are more prone to OFA; giving full play to the role of public inspection is a key step to avoiding local government violations. However, the effectiveness of public environmental attention is insufficient under the dual driving force of pollution and the economy under the lack of vertical environmental regulatory pressure.
Dense Subgraph Discovery Meets Strong Triadic Closure
Creators: name: Arachchi, Chamalee Wickrama
name: Kumpulainen, Iiro
name: Tatti, Nikolaj
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Data Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Finding dense subgraphs is a core problem with numerous graph mining applications such as community detection in social networks and anomaly detection. However, in many real-world networks connections are not equal. One way to label edges as either strong or weak is to use strong triadic closure~(STC). Here, if one node connects strongly with two other nodes, then those two nodes should be connected at least with a weak edge. STC-labelings are not unique and finding the maximum number of strong edges is NP-hard. In this paper, we apply STC to dense subgraph discovery. More formally, our score for a given subgraph is the ratio between the sum of the number of strong edges and weak edges, weighted by a user parameter $λ$, and the number of nodes of the subgraph. Our goal is to find a subgraph and an STC-labeling maximizing the score. We show that for $λ= 1$, our problem is equivalent to finding the densest subgraph, while for $λ= 0$, our problem is equivalent to finding the largest clique, making our problem NP-hard. We propose an exact algorithm based on integer linear programming and four practical polynomial-time heuristics. We present an extensive experimental study that shows that our algorithms can find the ground truth in synthetic datasets and run efficiently in real-world datasets.
The Memory Effect for Plane Gravitational Waves
Creators: name: Zhang, P. M.
name: Duval, C.
name: Gibbons, G. W.
name: Horvathy, P. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We give an account of the gravitational memory effect in the presence of the exact plane wave solution of Einstein's vacuum equations. This allows an elementary but exact description of the soft gravitons and how their presence may be detected by observing the motion of freely falling particles. The theorem of Bondi and Pirani on caustics (for which we present a new proof) implies that the asymptotic relative velocity is constant but not zero, in contradiction with the permanent displacement claimed by Zel'dovich and Polnarev. A non-vanishing asymptotic relative velocity might be used to detect gravitational waves through the "velocity memory effect", considered by Braginsky, Thorne, Grishchuk, and Polnarev.
description: Thoroughly revised version. 11 pages, 4 figures
Dynamics of a quantum phase transition in the 1D Bose-Hubbard model: excitations and correlations induced by a quench
Creators: name: Gardas, Bartłomiej
name: Dziarmaga, Jacek
name: Zurek, Wojciech H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The ground state of the one-dimensional Bose-Hubbard model at unit filling undergoes the Mott-superfluid quantum phase transition. It belongs to the Kosterlitz-Thouless universality class with an exponential divergence of the correlation length in place of the usual power law. We present numerical simulations of a linear quench both from the Mott insulator to superfluid and back. The results satisfy the scaling hypothesis that follows from the Kibble-Zurek mechanism (KZM). In the superfluid-to-Mott quenches there is no significant excitation in the superfluid phase despite its gaplessness. Since all critical superfluid ground states are qualitatively similar, the excitation begins to build up only after crossing the critical point when the ground state begins to change fundamentally. The last process falls into the KZM framework.
description: To appear in PRB
Deep Learning for Logo Recognition
Creators: name: Bianco, Simone
name: Buzzelli, Marco
name: Mazzini, Davide
name: Schettini, Raimondo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper we propose a method for logo recognition using deep learning. Our recognition pipeline is composed of a logo region proposal followed by a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) specifically trained for logo classification, even if they are not precisely localized. Experiments are carried out on the FlickrLogos-32 database, and we evaluate the effect on recognition performance of synthetic versus real data augmentation, and image pre-processing. Moreover, we systematically investigate the benefits of different training choices such as class-balancing, sample-weighting and explicit modeling the background class (i.e. no-logo regions). Experimental results confirm the feasibility of the proposed method, that outperforms the methods in the state of the art.
description: Preprint accepted in Neurocomputing
Differential equations on unitarity cut surfaces
Creators: name: Zeng, Mao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We reformulate differential equations (DEs) for Feynman integrals to avoid doubled propagators in intermediate steps. External momentum derivatives are dressed with loop momentum derivatives to form tangent vectors to unitarity cut surfaces, in a way inspired by unitarity-compatible IBP reduction. For the one-loop box, our method directly produces the final DEs without any integration-by-parts reduction. We further illustrate the method by deriving maximal-cut level differential equations for two-loop nonplanar five-point integrals, whose exact expressions are yet unknown. We speed up the computation using finite field techniques and rational function reconstruction.
description: 17 pages, 3 figures; v2: added more results and references, final journal version
Long-Term Impact of Crop Diversification and Nutrient Management on Soil Phosphorus Pools in Indo-Gangetic Plain
Creators: name: Dutta, Asik
name: Hazra, Kali Krishna
name: Nath, Chaitanya Prasad
name: Kumar, Narendra
name: Singh, Ummed
name: Singh, Sati Shankar
name: Praharaj, Chandra Sekhar
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: Understanding the dynamics of soil phosphorus (P) over extended periods of soil and crop management practices is essential for sustainable P management. This study assessed the impact of four crop rotations [maize-wheat (M-W), maize-wheat-mungbean (M-W-Mb), maize-wheat-maize-chickpea (M-W-M-C), and pigeonpea-wheat (P-W)] each with three levels of nutrient management [control (CT), integrated nutrient management (suboptimal fertilizer+ farmyard manure + crop residue + bio-fertilizers; INM), and sole-chemical fertilizers (CF)] on soil inorganic and organic P (Pi and Po) pools and crop–soil relationships at the end of 15-year cropping. Legume-inclusive rotations resulted in higher labile-P pools, being higher with M-W-M-C and P-W. M-W-M-C rotation had higher moderately labile organic P (Po) in both surface (+23%) and subsurface (+18%) depths over M-W. Di-calcium P (Ca2-P) (+6%) and microbial biomass P (MBP) (+46%) increased in M-W-Mb over M-W, while iron-P (Fe-P) was reduced (−12%) in subsurface soil. INM enhanced bioavailable-P [soluble-P (+17%), labile-Pi (+15%) labile-Po (+12%), MBP (+96%), moderately labile-Po (+22%)] over CF in surface soil, while CF had a higher Fe-P (+16%). Legumes in rotation caused notable changes in the surface-to-subsurface ratio (SSBR) of Ca2-P (1.18–1.50) and occluded-P (1.64–2.78). INM had a higher SSBR of labile-P pools but had a lower SSBR of occluded-P facilitating mobilization of the later in the surface. Hence, in tropical soils, legume-inclusive diversification (particularly with chickpea) and INM involving crop residue recycling could be a sustainable option to improve P use efficiency, crop productivity, and save fertilizer resources.
Dark-ages Reionization and Galaxy Formation Simulation - XIII. AGN quenching of high-redshift star formation in ZF-COSMOS-20115
Creators: name: Qin, Yuxiang
name: Mutch, Simon J.
name: Duffy, Alan R.
name: Geil, Paul M.
name: Poole, Gregory B.
name: Mesinger, Andrei
name: Wyithe, J. Stuart B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Massive quiescent galaxies (MQGs) are thought to have formed stars rapidly at early times followed by a long period of quiescence. The recent discovery of a MQG, ZF-COSMOS-20115 at $z\sim4$, only 1.5 Gyr after the big bang, places new constraints on galaxy growth and the role of feedback in early star formation. Spectroscopic follow-up confirmed ZF-COSMOS-20115 as a MQG at $z=3.717$ with an estimated stellar mass of ${\sim}10^{11}\mathrm{M}_\odot$, showing no evidence of recent star formation. We use the Meraxes semi-analytic model to investigate how ZF-COSMOS-20115 analogues build stellar mass, and why they become quiescent. We identify three analogue galaxies with similar properties to ZF-COSMOS-20115. We find that ZF-COSMOS-20115 is likely hosted by a massive halo with virial mass of ${\sim}10^{13}\mathrm{M}_\odot$, having been through significant mergers at early times. These merger events drove intense growth of the nucleus, which later prevented cooling and quenched star formation. ZF-COSMOS-20115 likely remained quiescent at $z<3.7$. We find that the analogues host the most massive black holes in our simulation and were luminous quasars at $z\sim5$, indicating that ZF-COSMOS-20115 and other MQGs may be the descendants of high-redshift quasars. In addition, the model suggests that ZF-COSMOS-20115 formed in a region of intergalactic medium that was reionized early.
description: 11 pages, 7 figures; Updated to match the published version. All results and conclusions remain unchanged
Detonability of white dwarf plasma: turbulence models at low densities
Creators: name: Fenn, Daniel
name: Plewa, Tomasz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the conditions required to produce self-sustained detonations in turbulent, carbon-oxygen degenerate plasma at low densities. We perform a series of three-dimensional hydrodynamic simulations of turbulence driven with various degrees of compressibility. The average conditions in the simulations are representative of models of merging binary white dwarfs. We find that material with very short ignition times is abundant in the case that turbulence is driven compressively. This material forms contiguous structures that persist over many ignition times, and that we identify as prospective detonation kernels. Detailed analysis of prospective kernels reveals that these objects are centrally-condensed and their shape is characterized by low curvature, supportive of self-sustained detonations. The key characteristic of the newly proposed detonation mechanism is thus high degree of compressibility of turbulent drive. The simulated detonation kernels have sizes notably smaller than the spatial resolution of any white dwarf merger simulation performed to date. The resolution required to resolve kernels is 0.1 km. Our results indicate a high probability of detonations in such well-resolved simulations of carbon-oxygen white dwarf mergers. These simulations will likely produce detonations in systems of lower total mass, thus broadening the population of white dwarf binaries capable of producing Type Ia supernovae. Consequently, we expect a downward revision of the lower limit of the total merger mass that is capable of producing a prompt detonation. We review application of the new detonation mechanism to various explosion scenarios of single, Chandrasekhar-mass white dwarfs.
description: 13 pages, version as published
Analysis of the mass and width of the $X^*(3860)$ with QCD sum rules
Creators: name: Wang, Zhi-Gang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this article, we tentatively assign the $X^*(3860)$ to be the $Cγ_5\otimes γ_5C$ type scalar tetraquark state, study its mass and width with the QCD sum rules, special attention is paid to calculating the hadronic coupling constants $G_{Xη_cπ}$ and $G_{XDD}$ concerning the tetraquark state. We obtain the values $M_{X}=3.86 \pm 0.09\,\rm{GeV}$ and $Γ_{X}= 202\pm 146 \,\rm{MeV}$, which are consistent with the experimental data. The numerical result supports assigning the $X^*(3860)$ to be the $Cγ_5\otimes γ_5C$ type scalar tetraquark state.
description: 12 pages, 6 figures
Manifestly T-dual formulation of AdS space
Creators: name: Hatsuda, Machiko
name: Kamimura, Kiyoshi
name: Siegel, Warren
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a manifestly T-dual formulation of curved spaces such as an AdS space. For group manifolds related by the orthogonal vielbein fields the three form H=dB in the doubled space is universal at least locally. We construct an affine nondegenerate doubled bosonic AdS algebra to define the AdS space with the Ramond-Ramond flux. The non-zero commutator of the left and right momenta leads to that the left momentum is in an AdS space while the right momentum is in a dS space. Dimensional reduction constraints and the physical AdS algebra are shown to preserve all the doubled coordinates.
description: 35 pages, v2: Explanation of the relation to other approaches, a pedagogical review and references are added, to appear in JHEP
Majorana Higgses at colliders
Creators: name: Nemevšek, Miha
name: Nesti, Fabrizio
name: Vasquez, Juan Carlos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Collider signals of heavy Majorana neutrino mass origin are studied in the minimal Left-Right symmetric model, where their mass is generated spontaneously together with the breaking of lepton number. The right-handed triplet Higgs boson $Δ$, responsible for such breaking, can be copiously produced at the LHC through the Higgs portal in the gluon fusion and less so in gauge mediated channels. At $Δ$ masses below the opening of the $VV$ decay channel, the two observable modes are pair-production of heavy neutrinos via the triplet gluon fusion $gg \to Δ\to NN$ and pair production of triplets from the Higgs $h \to ΔΔ\to 4N$ decay. The latter features tri- and quad same-sign lepton final states that break lepton number by four units and have no significant background. In both cases up to four displaced vertices may be present and their displacement may serve as a discriminating variable. The backgrounds at the LHC, including the jet fake rate, are estimated and the resulting sensitivity to the Left-Right breaking scale extends well beyond 10 TeV. In addition, sub-dominant radiative modes are surveyed: the $γγ$, $Z γ$ and lepton flavour violating ones. Finally, prospects for $Δ$ signals at future $e^+ e^-$ colliders are presented.
description: 30 pages, 12 figures. v2: added clarifications and discussion on event selection, displacement, backgrounds; updated figures and added references, version as accepted in JHEP
Stability Through Asymmetry: Modulationally Stable Nonlinear Supermodes of Asymmetric non-Hermitian Optical Couplers
Creators: name: Kominis, Yannis
name: Bountis, Tassos
name: Flach, Sergej
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the stability of a non-Hermitian coupler with respect to modulational inhomogeneous perturbations in the presence of unbalanced gain and loss. At the parity-time (PT) symmetry point the coupler is unstable. Suitable symmetry breakings lead to an asymmetric coupler, which hosts nonlinear supermodes. A subset of those broken symmetry cases finally yields nonlinear supermodes which are stable against modulational perturbations. The lack of symmetry requirements will facilitate experimental implementations and relevant photonics applications.
description: 12 pages, 5 figures
12th Annual Meeting of the European Society for the Study of Human Evolution Abstracts Tübingen, 22-24 September 2022
Creators: name: European Society For The Study Of Human Evolution, ESHE:
Publisher: name: PaleoAnthropology
Year: 2022

description: ESHE Abstracts 2022.
description: PaleoAnthropology, Vol. 2022 No. 2 (2022): PaleoAnthropology
Biomarkers of sleep-wake disturbance as predictors of cognitive decline and accelerated disease progression
Creators: name: Tucker, Aren
name: Goldberg, Terry E.
name: Kim, Hyun
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Mental Health

description: In older adults, where sleep disturbances and cognitive impairment are common, mounting evidence suggests a potential connection between sleep and cognitive function, highlighting the significance of utilizing sleep as a biomarker for early detection of cognitive impairment to improve clinical outcomes in a noninvasive, cost-effective manner. This review describes the relationship between sleep and cognitive function in older adults, encompassing both subjective and objective measures of sleep quality, duration, architecture, and sleep-disordered breathing. The authors consider the directionality of the associations observed in prospective and cross-sectional studies, exploring whether sleep disturbances precede cognitive decline or vice versa. Furthermore, they discuss the potential bidirectional relationships between sleep and Alzheimer’s disease (AD) risks in older adults while also examining the neurodegenerative pathways of this relationship. Routine sleep monitoring in primary care settings has the potential to bolster early detection and treatment of sleep disturbance, and by extension, reduce the risk of dementia. Improving sleep assessment tools, such as wearables, provide scalable alternatives to traditional methods like polysomnography, potentially enabling widespread monitoring of sleep characteristics. Standardized measurement and inclusive participant recruitment are needed to enhance generalizability, while longitudinal studies are essential to understand the interaction between sleep and AD pathology.
Corrections to: Femoral and Tibial Diaphyseal Cross-Sectional Geometry in Pleistocene Homo
Creators: name: Trinkaus, Erik
name: Ruff, Christopher B.
Publisher: name: PaleoAnthropology
Year: 2022

description: Corrections to Trinkaus and Ruff 2012.
description: PaleoAnthropology, Vol. 2022 No. 2 (2022): PaleoAnthropology
Computations for symbolic substitutions
Creators: name: Rust, Dan
name: Balchin, Scott
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 37B10, 52C23, 54H20, 55N05, 68R15

description: We provide a survey of results from symbolic dynamics and algebraic topology relating to Grout, a new user-friendly program developed to calculate combinatorial properties and topological invariants of a large class of symbolic substitutions. We study their subshifts (and related spaces) with an emphasis on examples of computations. We implement a check to verify that no counterexample exists to the so-called "strong coincidence conjecture" for a large number of substitutions on three and four letters.
description: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1512.00398
Data attachment Masterthesis: Deep Learning Image segmentation for Pseudomonas fluorescens SBW25
Creators: name: Gericke, Beate
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description: This archive contains the data used and scripts created for the Masterthesis Deep Learning Image segmentation for Pseudomonas fluorescens SBW25 (10.5281/zenodo.7238638) img_seg_pseudomonas_fluorescens
 \assets
 \delta
 \models: model files saved from training the NN with the DeLTA dataset
 \tests: test split and predictions of the DeLTA dataset
 \trainingssets: DeLTA training dataset used in the retraining, original folder structure of DeLTA assets
 \mpi
 \models: model files saved from training the NN with the MPI dataset
 \tests: test split and predictions of the MPI dataset
 \trainingssets: MPI training dataset
 \config: config files
 \delta-dev: DeLTA 2.0 implementation used in the project
 \metrics: calculated metrics of the predicted segmentation maps of the test sets
 \scripts: scripts created for the retraining, predictions and evaluation
 \deltahelpers: Python package to save reusable functions
 \training-rename: locally used script to rename files from one naming convention to another
Data attachment Masterthesis: Deep Learning Image segmentation for Pseudomonas fluorescens SBW25
Creators: name: Gericke, Beate
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description: This archive contains the data used and scripts created for the Masterthesis Deep Learning Image segmentation for Pseudomonas fluorescens SBW25 (10.5281/zenodo.7238638) img_seg_pseudomonas_fluorescens
 \assets
 \delta
 \models: model files saved from training the NN with the DeLTA dataset
 \tests: test split and predictions of the DeLTA dataset
 \trainingssets: DeLTA training dataset used in the retraining, original folder structure of DeLTA assets
 \mpi
 \models: model files saved from training the NN with the MPI dataset
 \tests: test split and predictions of the MPI dataset
 \trainingssets: MPI training dataset
 \config: config files
 \delta-dev: DeLTA 2.0 implementation used in the project
 \metrics: calculated metrics of the predicted segmentation maps of the test sets
 \scripts: scripts created for the retraining, predictions and evaluation
 \deltahelpers: Python package to save reusable functions
 \training-rename: locally used script to rename files from one naming convention to another
description: Added function for metrics calculation, added flattening of the arrays, added balanced accuracy
Correction to: Paleoanthropology Society Meeting Abstracts, Denver, Co, 22–23 March 2022
Creators: name: Paleoanthropology Society, PAS:
Publisher: name: PaleoAnthropology
Year: 2022

description: Correction to abstracts for the Paleoanthropology Society Meetings, 2022.
description: PaleoAnthropology, Vol. 2022 No. 2 (2022): PaleoAnthropology
Rechtspopulismus – eine Herausforderung für Demokratie und Soziale Arbeit?
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: Hochschule Bremen
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Rechtspopulismus
subject: Democracy
subject: Soziale Arbeit
subject: Postdemokratie
subject: politischer Moralismus
subject: Demokratiepädagogik
subject: politische Bildung
subject: 300

description: Im ersten Teil des Bandes werden zunächst aus demokratietheoretischer Perspektive die Ursachen des Rechtspopulismus beleuchtet. Der Rechtspopulismus wird dabei als ein Symptom struktureller Defizite der repräsentativen bzw. der liberalen Demokratie beschrieben. Von zentraler Bedeutung sind dabei die Reaktionsweisen der Politik und zivilgesellschaftlicher Akteure auf den Rechtspopulismus. Im Fokus steht die Frage, inwieweit die moralisierenden Bearbeitungsweisen zu einer Entpolitisierung der Auseinandersetzung mit dem Rechtspopulismus beitragen und somit postdemokratische Tendenzen befördern. Im zweiten Teil werden aus unterschiedlichen Perspektiven Konzepte und Handlungsansätze der Sozialen Arbeit und politischen Bildung in der Auseinandersetzung mit dem Rechtspopulismus analysiert und evaluiert. Die vier grundlegenden Studien, die aus einem Masterseminar zum Thema „Innovative Konzepte in der Auseinandersetzung mit dem Rechtspopulismus“ an der Hochschule Bremen hervorgegangen sind, beschäftigen sich im Zuge dessen mit dem Bewältigungsparadigma nach Lothar Böhnisch, der Demokratiepädagogik in Kitas, dem Case Management und der politischen Bildung bzw. Argumentationshilfen in der Auseinandersetzung mit dem Rechtspopulismus. Ein elementares Ziel der Schrift ist es, politik- und sozialwissenschaftliche Forschung und Theorie mit den Praxisanforderungen der Sozialen Arbeit in Verbindung zu bringen und zu einer (selbst-) kritischen Haltung der Studierenden anzuregen.
The effect of different levels of Hermetia illucens oil inclusion on caecal microbiota of Japanese quails (Coturnix japonica, Gould, 1837)
Creators: name: Atallah, E.
name: Mahayri, T.M.
name: Fliegerová, K.O.
name: Mrázek, J.
name: Addeo, N.F.
name: Bovera, F.
name: Moniello, G.
Publisher: name: Brill Online
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 309999
subject: Other agricultural, veterinary and food sciences not elsewhere classified

description: In this study, we investigated the effect of the dietary inclusion of Hermetia illucens larvae oil on the diversity and structure of the bacterial community of the caecal content of Japanese quails (Coturnix japonica). A total of 40 quails, equally selected for slaughter from 100 animals which were divided evenly into four treatment groups including control group (C) with a diet containing corn oil and 3 experimental groups with partial (25%, 50%) or total (100%) substitution of corn oil by H. illucens larvae oil, here referred to as Black soldier fly larvae oil (BSFO): BSFO 25, BSFO 50 and BSFO 100 respectively. After slaughtering (42 days of age), the microbiota of caecal samples was examined by high-throughput sequencing using the V4-V5 region of the 16S rRNA gene. In all the studied groups the dominant phylum was Firmicutes with prevailing families of Ruminococcaceae and Lachnospiraceae. Caecal microbiota was meaningly influenced on genus level. The linear discriminant analysis effect size (LefSe) analysis for the differential taxa abundance showed that Lactobacillus was significantly increased in BSFO 25 group, Fusicatenibacter was significantly enriched in all the experimental groups fed larvae oil (BSFO 25, 50 and 100) and Subdoligranulum was highly elevated in BSFO 100 group. The analysis revealed statistical dissimilarities between the control group (C) and the groups with 50% and 100% oil replacement (BSFO 50 and 100). The bacterial diversity was significantly suppressed in the samples of quails fed the diet with a total inclusion of H. illucens oil (BSFO 100).The results showed the considerable effect of Black soldier fly larvae oil on the caecal microbiota of Japanese quails.
Non-Close-Packed Three-Dimensional Quasicrystals
Creators: name: Damasceno, Pablo F.
name: Glotzer, Sharon C.
name: Engel, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quasicrystals are frequently encountered in condensed matter. They are important candidates for equilibrium phases from the atomic scale to the nanoscale. Here, we investigate the computational self-assembly of four quasicrystals in a single model system of identical particles interacting with a tunable isotropic pair potential. We reproduce a known icosahedral quasicrystal and report a decagonal quasicrystal, a dodecagonal quasicrystal, and an octagonal quasicrystal. The quasicrystals have low coordination number or occur in systems with mesoscale density variations. We also report a network gel phase.
description: 9 pages, 8 figures
Exploring Scholarly Perceptions of Knowledge Organisation Across Disciplines
Creators: name: Nam, Hye Lim (Joy)
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Academic disciplines
Knowledge Organization
KO
Mental models

description: This study seeks to investigate the mental models that researchers at the University of Glasgow and the University of Oxford have of the structure and organisation of knowledge in their own disciplines, and to explore the implications this might have upon scholars’ approaches to searching for literature. This study focuses on four disciplines--Chemistry, History, Law, and Medicine--and draws upon library UX and ethnographic techniques to explore perceptions of scholarly information across the Academy. It is hoped that the results of the study will help improve the information-seeking experiences of researchers by ensuring that library search systems take into account the expectations and assumptions (mental models) of users across disciplines.
Data from: Axial conduit widening, tree height and height growth rate set the hydraulic transition of sapwood into heartwood
Creators: name: Petit, Giai
name: Mencuccini, Maurizio
name: Carrer, Marco
name: Prendin, Angela Luisa
name: Hölttä, Teemu
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Picea abies
Fagus sylvatica
xylem sapwood
tree rings
tracheid lumen size
growth rate
growth rings
vessel size
xylem anatomy
tree height
tree height growth
conduit widening

description: The size-related xylem adjustments required to maintain a constant leaf-specific sapwood conductance (KLEAF) with increasing height (H) are still under discussion. Alternative hypotheses are that: (i) the conduit hydraulic diameter (Dh) at any position in the stem and/or (ii) the number of sapwood rings at stem base (NSWr) increase with H. In addition, (iii) lower stem elongation (ΔH) increases the tip-to-base conductance through inner xylem rings, thus possibly the NSWr contributing to KLEAF. A detailed stem analysis showed that Dh increased with the distance from the apex (DCA) in all rings of a P. abies and a F. sylvatica tree. Net of DCA effect, Dh did not increase with H. Using sapwood traits from a global dataset, NSWr increased with H and decreased with ΔH, and the mean sapwood ring width (SWrw) increased with ΔH. A numerical model based on anatomical patterns predicted the effects of H and ΔH on the conductance of inner xylem rings. Results suggested the sapwood/heartwood transition depends on both H and ΔH, and is set when the C allocation to maintenance respiration of living cells in inner sapwood rings produces a lower gain in total conductance than investing the same C in new vascular conduits.
description: The dataset of this article ("Axial conduit widening, tree height and height growth rate set the hydraulic transition from sapwood into heartwood") is composed of two datasets and Supplementay Tables and Figures. Datasets: 1) Data of hydraulically weighted xylem conduit diameters of all the tree rings of stem discs extracted at different position along the stem of a Picea abies Karst. and a Larix decidua L. tree; 2) Compiled data of the number of sapwood rings, mean width of sapwood rings, tree height, and annual height growth from own sampling of trees across the Alps. Tables: Table S1; Table S2; Table S3. Figures: Figure S1; Figure S2;
 Figure S3;
 Figure S4.
 Funding provided by: Università degli Studi di Padova
Crossref Funder Registry ID: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100003500
Award Number: DOR2111477/21
Structural Analyses of the Midshaft in an Isolated Femur from Koobi Fora, Kenya: Implications for Taxonomic Identity
Creators: name: Bleuze, Michele M.
Publisher: name: PaleoAnthropology
Year: 2022

description: Reconstructing hominin evolution is dependent on our capacity to securely and accurately allocate fossil hominin material to an appropriate taxon. While taxonomic assignments are traditionally based on craniodental morphology, structural analyses of unassociated hominin long bones have provided a means to deduce the taxonomic identity of isolated postcranial remains based on morphological comparisons with corresponding elements from craniodentally associated material. This study examines cross-sectional geometric properties in the mid-diaphyseal section in KNM-ER 1592, an unassociated femur from the KBS Member of the Koobi Fora Formation, Kenya. Hominin taxonomic diversity throughout this member has hindered attempts to taxonomically place KNM-ER 1592 based on stratigraphic location alone. The aim of this study is to infer the taxonomic identity of this femur based on morphometric comparisons with femora assigned to Australopithecus, Paranthropus, and Homo. Relationships between cortical area and total area, and differential bending rigidity along the anatomical planes of the midshaft femur were examined. Torsional and average bending strength in KNM-ER 1592 was compared to distributions in australopith, non-habilis early Homo, and H. naledi groups to further assess its midshaft structure in comparative context. The overall mid-diaphyseal femoral morphology in KNM-ER 1592 fits comfortably with patterns observed in non-habilis early Homo Pleistocene femora. KNM-ER 1592 shows an increase in cortical area for a given total area (i.e., relatively thick cortical bone) in the midshaft region like most pre-modern hominins. However, it displays a greater mediolateral relative to anteroposterior expanded mid-diaphyseal morphology characteristic of H. erectus and “erectus-like” femora, and its torsional and average bending strength further demonstrates its affinity with non-habilis early Homo. Based on the structural analyses of the mid-diaphyseal region, a tentative assignment of KNM-ER 1592 to genus Homo sp. indet. is supported. The alignment of KNM-ER 1592 with Homo is further supported when its overall cross-sectional size is also considered. Overlap among australopith and Homo samples at the smaller and intermediate size ranges is observed in both bivariate comparisons, but australopith and Homo samples do not overlap at the larger end of the size range where KNM-ER 1592 consistently falls with KNM-ER 803a and 1807. The former has been craniodentally aligned with H. erectus and the latter has been morphometrically aligned with H. erectus and “erectus-like” femora. Biomechanical analyses provide an avenue for which to test hypotheses about the taxonomic identity of isolated postcranial material based on morphological comparisons with material craniodentally attributed to a specific taxon.
description: PaleoAnthropology, Vol. 2022 No. 2 (2022): PaleoAnthropology
Congestion Games with Complementarities
Creators: name: Feldotto, Matthias
name: Leder, Lennart
name: Skopalik, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Computer Science and Game Theory (cs.GT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We study a model of selfish resource allocation that seeks to incorporate dependencies among resources as they exist in modern networked environments. Our model is inspired by utility functions with constant elasticity of substitution (CES) which is a well-studied model in economics. We consider congestion games with different aggregation functions. In particular, we study $L_p$ norms and analyze the existence and complexity of (approximate) pure Nash equilibria. Additionally, we give an almost tight characterization based on monotonicity properties to describe the set of aggregation functions that guarantee the existence of pure Nash equilibria.
description: The final publication is available at Springer via http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-57586-5_19
Good reduction and Shafarevich-type theorems for dynamical systems with portrait level structures
Creators: name: Silverman, Joseph H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary: 37P45, Secondary: 37P15

description: Let $K$ be a number field, let $S$ be a finite set of places of $K$, and let $R_S$ be the ring of $S$-integers of $K$. A $K$-morphism $f:\mathbb{P}^1_K\to\mathbb{P}^1_K$ has simple good reduction outside $S$ if it extends to an $R_S$-morphism $\mathbb{P}^1_{R_S}\to\mathbb{P}^1_{R_S}$. A finite Galois invariant subset $X\subset\mathbb{P}^1_K(\bar{K})$ has good reduction outside $S$ if its closure in $\mathbb{P}^1_{R_S}$ is étale over $R_S$. We study triples $(f,Y,X)$ with $X=Y\cup f(Y)$. We prove that for a fixed $K$, $S$, and $d$, there are only finitely many $\text{PGL}_2(R_S)$-equivalence classes of triples with $\text{deg}(f)=d$ and $\sum_{P\in Y}e_f(P)\ge2d+1$ and $X$ having good reduction outside $S$. We consider refined questions in which the weighted directed graph structure on $f:Y\to X$ is specified, and we give an exhaustive analysis for degree $2$ maps on $\mathbb{P}^1$ when $Y=X$.
description: 47 pages - the original version of this paper is being split into two pieces. This piece contains the material on dynamical Shafarevich theorems. The second part, which will be posted separately, will contain material on moduli spaces for dynamical systems with portraits
Masterthesis: Deep Learning Image segmentation for Pseudomonas fluorescens SBW25
Creators: name: Gericke, Beate
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description: \emph{Pseudomonas fluorescens} strain SBW25 is a model organism for microbial population biology, ecology, and evolution.
 Fluorescence microscopy and phase contrast microscopy are employed to characterize phenotypical and morphological traits in response to genetic modifications, externally induced selection pressure, varying physical or chemical environmental conditions and competition.
 Due to the vast amount of image data, automated analysis methods need to be implemented to measure cell numbers, shape, and size and to track these observables over time.
 The present master thesis project aims at implementing an image segmentation workflow based on deep artificial neural networks suitable
 for microscopy images taken of individual cells and cell cultures of \emph{Pseudomonas fluorescens} SBW25.
 Starting from the deep learning code DeLTA 2.0, we retrain
 a deep neural network using a curated training and test dataset of our model organism. We evaluate our model using various figures of merit and compare to results obtained with the original
 DeLTA 2.0 model which was
 trained on image data from \emph{Escherichia coli} strains. Our retrained model
 yields a significant improvement in the intercept--over--union figure of merit which characterizes the predictive power of the model.
Prokaryotic Populations in Arsenic-Rich Shallow-Sea Hydrothermal Sediments of Ambitle Island, Papua New Guinea
Creators: name: Meyer-Dombard, D. R.
name: Price, R. E.
name: Pichler, T.
name: Amend, J. P.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: arsenic biogeochemistry
subject: Iron biogeochemistry
subject: Hydrothermal vents
subject: sediment microbiology
subject: 550

description: This study is the first to investigate the microbial ecology of the Tutum Bay (Papua New Guinea) shallow-sea hydrothermal system. The subsurface environment was sampled by SCUBA using push cores, which allowed collection of sediments and pore fluids. Geochemical analysis of sediments and fluids along a transect emanating from a discrete venting environment, about 10 mbsl, revealed a complex fluid flow regime and mixing of hydrothermal fluid with seawater within the sediments, providing a continuously fluctuating redox gradient. Vent fluids are highly elevated in arsenic, up to ∼1 ppm, serving as a “point source” of arsenic to this marine environment. 16S rRNA gene and FISH (fluorescence in situ hybridization) analyses revealed distinct prokaryotic communities in different sediment horizons, numerically dominated by Bacteria. 16S rRNA gene diversity at the genus level is greater among the Bacteria than the Archaea. The majority of taxa were similar to uncultured Crenarchaea, Chloroflexus, and various heterotrophic Bacteria. The archaeal community did not appear to increase significantly in number or diversity with depth in these sediments. Further, the majority of sequences identifying with thermophilic bacteria were found in the shallower section of the sediment core. No 16S rRNA genes of marine Crenarchaeota or Euryarchaeota were identified, and none of the identified Crenarchaeota have been cultured. Both sediment horizons also hosted “Korarchaeota”, which represent 2–5% of the 16S rRNA gene clone libraries. Metabolic functions, especially among the Archaea, were difficult to constrain given the distant relationships of most of the community members from cultured representatives. Identification of phenotypes and key ecological processes will depend on future culturing, identification of arsenic cycling genes, and RNA-based analyses.
Radial Excitations of the Decuplet Baryons
Creators: name: Aliev, T. M.
name: Azizi, K.
name: Sundu, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The ground and first excited states of the decuplet baryons are studied using the two-point QCD sum rule approach. The mass and residue of these states are computed and compared with the existing experimental data and other theoretical predictions. The results for the masses of the ground state particles as well as the excited $ Δ$ and $ Σ^{*} $ states are in good consistency with experimental data. Our results on the excited $ Ξ^{*} $ and $ Ω^{-} $ states reveal that the experimentally poorly known $ Ξ(1950) $ and $ Ω^{-}(2250) $ can be assigned as the first excited states in $ Ξ^{*} $ and $ Ω^{-} $ channels, respectively.
description: 9 Pages, 4 Figures and 6 Tables