cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Activity controls fragility: A Random First Order Transition Theory for an active glass
Creators: name: Nandi, Saroj Kumar
name: Mandal, Rituparno
name: Bhuyan, Pranab Jyoti
name: Dasgupta, Chandan
name: Rao, Madan
name: Gov, Nir. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: How does nonequilibrium activity modify the approach to a glass? This is an important question, since many experiments reveal the near-glassy nature of the cell interior, remodelled by activity. However, different simulations of dense assemblies of active particles, parametrised by a self-propulsion force, $f_0$, and persistence time, $τ_p$, appear to make contradictory predictions about the influence of activity on characteristic features of glass, such as fragility. This calls for a broad conceptual framework to understand active glasses; here we extend the Random First-Order Transition (RFOT) theory to a dense assembly of self-propelled particles. We compute the active contribution to the configurational entropy using an effective medium approach - that of a single particle in a caging-potential. This simple active extension of RFOT provides excellent quantitative fits to existing simulation results. We find that whereas $f_0$ always inhibits glassiness, the effect of $τ_p$ is more subtle and depends on the microscopic details of activity. In doing so, the theory automatically resolves the apparent contradiction between the simulation models. The theory also makes several testable predictions, which we verify by both existing and new simulation data, and should be viewed as a step towards a more rigorous analytical treatment of active glass.
Dynamic Regulation and Information Transfer in Intracellular-signaling Pathways
Creators: name: Behar, Marcelo S.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: Cells contain myriads of specialized sensors that allow them to react to changes in the environment by activating pathways comprised by layers of signaling proteins. Cell survival requires these pathways to reliably propagate signals containing qualitative and quantitative information about their environment. They achieve this by modulating the enzymatic activity of signaling proteins. In this work we analyze some of these regulatory mechanisms, with emphasis on those that can be used to encode and decode quantitative information. In particular, we demonstrate that cells have the tools to encode quantitative information as signal-duration, and that by regulating pathways dynamics in a concerted way, they can ensure signal specificity in the presence of shared components without the need for cross-inhibition or scaffold proteins. A strategy termed kinetic insulation is introduced, which routes signals according to their temporal profile. We show that such a system can be built with regulatory motifs commonly observed in signaling pathways. We also present experimental evidence indicating that duration encoding is being used in the yeast pheromone response pathway. Computational modeling is used to analyze possible encoding mechanisms and key experiments are proposed that can distinguish among them. Finally, the importance of studying signals as dynamic events is discussed.
Ab initio phonon coupling and optical response of hot electrons in plasmonic metals
Creators: name: Brown, Ana M.
name: Sundararaman, Ravishankar
name: Narang, Prineha
name: Goddard, William A.
name: Atwater, Harry A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Ultrafast laser measurements probe the non-equilibrium dynamics of excited electrons in metals with increasing temporal resolution. Electronic structure calculations can provide a detailed microscopic understanding of hot electron dynamics, but a parameter-free description of pump-probe measurements has not yet been possible, despite intensive research, because of the phenomenological treatment of electron-phonon interactions. We present ab initio predictions of the electron-temperature dependent heat capacities and electron-phonon coupling coefficients of plasmonic metals. We find substantial differences from free-electron and semi-empirical estimates, especially in noble metals above transient electron temperatures of 2000 K, because of the previously-neglected strong dependence of electron-phonon matrix elements on electron energy. We also present first-principles calculations of the electron-temperature dependent dielectric response of hot electrons in plasmonic metals, including direct interband and phonon-assisted intraband transitions, facilitating complete theoretical predictions of the time-resolved optical probe signatures in ultrafast laser experiments.
description: 10 pages with 12 figures. SI includes tabulation of temperature and frequency dependent dielectric functions
Magidor-Malitz Reflection
Creators: name: Hayut, Yair
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Logic (math.LO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper we investigate the consequences and consistency of the downward Löwenheim-Skolem theorem for extension of the first order logic by the Magidor-Malitz quantifier. We derive some combinatorial results and improve the known upper bound for the consistency of Chang's Conjecture at successor of singular cardinals.
Dark-soliton-like excitations in the Yang-Gaudin gas of attractively interacting fermions
Creators: name: Shamailov, Sophie S.
name: Brand, Joachim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Yrast states are the lowest energy states at given non-zero momentum and provide a natural extension of the concept of dark solitons to strongly-interacting one-dimensional quantum gases. Here we study the yrast states of the balanced spin-$\frac{1}{2}$ Fermi gas with attractive delta-function interactions in one dimension with the exactly solvable Yang-Gaudin model. The corresponding Bethe-ansatz equations are solved for finite particle number and in the thermodynamic limit. Properties corresponding to the soliton-like nature of the yrast excitations are calculated including the missing particle number, phase step, and inertial and physical masses. The inertial to physical mass ratio, which is related to the frequency of oscillations in a trapped gas, is found to be unity in the limits of strong and weak attraction and falls to $\approx 0.78$ in the crossover regime. This result is contrasted by one-dimensional mean field theory, which predicts a divergent mass ratio in the weakly attractive limit. By means of an exact mapping our results also predict the existence and properties of dark-soliton-like excitations in the super Tonks-Girardeau gas. The prospects for experimental observations are briefly discussed.
description: 31 pages, 9 figures. Versions 4 and 5 are identical (up to the addition of this comment), and incorporate a corrigendum to the published NJP article, now also available on the NJP website. The correction affected the last paragraph of section 2.2 and Fig. 2. None of the main results or conclusions of the paper are affected
More People But Less Mind: How Number Affects Mind Perception and Decisions to Harm
Creators: name: Cooley, Erin
Publisher: name: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Graduate School
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: Most moral codes agree that harming another person is wrong. However, instances in which people cause widespread harm abound. One reason for this discrepancy between moral values and behavior may be that people have difficulty imagining groups of people experiencing suffering. In this research, I first propose that people sometimes harm groups more readily than individuals. Second I propose that greater harm for groups (versus individuals) may be driven by the perception that groups are less capable of mentally experiencing sensations such as pleasure and pain. In a Preliminary Study I tested whether people are more likely to harm many than one when the targets are outgroup members. Contrary to hypotheses, participants were more likely to harm one than many regardless of group membership. Next, in Study 1, I examined whether people perceive mind differently in groups of people as compared to individuals from those groups. As predicted, across 19 categories, groups were perceived as having less mental capacity for experience than individuals. Study 2 extended these findings to examine whether reduced perceptions of experience among groups is driven by cues to being a group and to evaluate implications for decisions to harm. Results revealed that participants attributed less experience to a group described as a single entity as compared to a group described as a collection of individuals, or an individual. Interestingly, however, participants were most likely to harm the group described as a collection of individuals, and perceptions of experience did not mediate decisions to harm. Results suggest that people sometimes are more likely to harm many than one, and that groups are attributed less of a capacity to experience than individuals. Future research should explore the mechanisms behind these seemingly independent effects.
A Qualitative Analysis of Aftercare Service Provision for Survivors of Sex Trafficking in North Carolina
Creators: name: Young, Susan Elaine
Publisher: name: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
Year: 2012

description: The adverse effects of sex trafficking on victims are numerous. Therefore the provision of aftercare services (such as shelter/housing, medical care, mental health services, legal assistance, language services, job training) to survivors of sex trafficking requires a multifaceted and coordinated response. Human service providers may encounter victims of sex trafficking and should be made aware of the problem and develop means to collaborate and interact with the various programs and resources in their community that can potentially assist survivors in their recovery and reintegration into society. Postmodern feminism was used as a guiding framework for this qualitative descriptive and exploratory inquiry, which involved in-depth interviews with 18 human service providers who interact with survivors of sex trafficking across North Carolina. The purpose of this study was to describe and explore aftercare services for sex trafficking survivors in North Carolina, including 1) what happens before a survivor is identified, 2) how human service providers interact with each other and with survivors, 3) what the impact of interaction is on both survivors and human service providers, and 4) what needs to happen to improve aftercare service provision to survivors. The findings illuminate the need for education and training on sex trafficking, appropriate victim identification, and ongoing program funding. Collaborative efforts in North Carolina are described, as well as the gaps and challenges in aftercare service provision. Lastly, the impact of working with survivors is discussed, successful outcomes noted, and suggestions for enhancing and expanding aftercare service provision to sex trafficking survivors in North Carolina shared.
Volumetric Changes and Marginal Bone Loss Using Soft Tissue Allograft for Single Tooth Implant Therapy
Creators: name: Waia, Dalia Anmar Abdulnoor
Publisher: name: University of Illinois at Chicago
Year: 2023

description: An increase in the volume of soft tissues around dental implants is advocated for the longevity of implant restorations and maintenance of health. The use of soft tissue grafts has been implemented to help establish biologic and functional stability around dental implants. Autogenous grafts require a donor site with associated morbidities and allogenic grafting materials were identified as a suitable alternative for implant site development . Acellular dermal matrix allograft (e.g.: PerioDerm®) was shown as an effective treatment for soft tissue augmentation around teeth and dental implants. However, the evidence around the use of allogenic materials for soft tissue augmentation is controversial and most of the publications have incorporated collagen matrices rather than acellular dermal matrices. Additionally, there is relatively little evidence on the volumetric changes associated with these grafts. Therefore, the aim of this study is to evaluate the volumetric soft tissue and marginal bone level changes with and without a submucosal connective tissue allograft (PerioDerm®).
Representing reality: literature, film, and the construction of Turkish-German identity
Creators: name: Vierra, Sarah Thomsen
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2006

description: The Gastarbeiter and the subsequent Turkish-German community in Germany have prompted scholarly debate over the challenges such a settlement has posed to larger German society. Yet few among those involved in such discussions approach these issues from the perspective of the Turkish-German community and thus lack a critical viewpoint. This study seeks to address this limitation; yet, to do so, one must turn to less conventional sources. In the first chapter, I compare the historiography of Germany's Turkish minority to the literature of Turkish-German writers to determine how the addition of Turkish-German perspective complicates and fills out the findings of historians and social scientists. In the Chapter 2, I analyze films by Turkish-German directors and discuss what these works suggest about that community's development. Ultimately, I find that the Turkish-German artists and their creative works advocate and represent a blended identity that incorporates ethnic background and social and cultural experience.
Violation of the Leggett-Garg Inequality in Neutrino Oscillations
Creators: name: Formaggio, J. A.
name: Kaiser, D. I.
name: Murskyj, M. M.
name: Weiss, T. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Leggett-Garg inequality, an analogue of Bell's inequality involving correlations of measurements on a system at different times, stands as one of the hallmark tests of quantum mechanics against classical predictions. The phenomenon of neutrino oscillations should adhere to quantum-mechanical predictions and provide an observable violation of the Leggett-Garg inequality. We demonstrate how oscillation phenomena can be used to test for violations of the classical bound by performing measurements on an ensemble of neutrinos at distinct energies, as opposed to a single neutrino at distinct times. A study of the MINOS experiment's data shows a greater than $6σ$ violation over a distance of 735 km, representing the longest distance over which either the Leggett-Garg inequality or Bell's inequality has been tested.
description: Updated to match published version. 6 pages, 2 figures
Wireless Quantum Key Distribution in Indoor Environments
Creators: name: Elmabrok, Osama
name: Razavi, Mohsen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose and study the feasibility of wireless quantum key distribution (QKD) in indoor environments. Such systems are essential in providing wireless access to the developing quantum communications networks. We find a practical regime of operation, where, in the presence of external light sources and loss, secret keys can be exchanged. Our findings identify the trade-off between the acceptable amount of background light and the receiver field of view, where the latter affects the ease of access to the QKD system. In particular, we show that, using a proper setting, we can provide mobility for the QKD users without imposing stringent conditions on beam steering.
The role of school and neighborhood context in patterns of intergenerational transmissions of socioeconomic status
Creators: name: Gerken, Karen Raquel
Publisher: name: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
Year: 2013

description: Research on social mobility and status attainment has focused on education and the production of human capital to explain how parents pass their socioeconomic status onto their children. While human capital is undoubtedly important, social capital and social context are significant for status attainment as well. Using the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health, I study how neighborhoods and schools, as well as individual characteristics, influence adolescents' trajectories from their parent's socioeconomic status to their own. While most of the variation in adult income is within contexts, there is variation among respondents' income across adolescent contexts. Some of this variation is explained by the sociodemographic composition of contexts, as individual and family background characteristics matter a great deal for income attainment. However, levels of neighborhood disadvantage and advantage are also significantly related to adolescents' eventual income attainment. Neighborhood and school effects vary by parental economic background, and by respondent gender.
Estimating the parameter recovery of the hidden Markov model in gazeHMM
Creators: name: Lüken, Malte
name: Kucharský, Šimon
name: Visser, Ingmar
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Engineering
subject: classification
subject: eye movements
subject: gaze data
subject: hidden markov model
subject: simulation

description: This is a preregistration for a simulation study to estimate the parameter recovery of an HMM, which is used in a recently developed algorithm for classifying eye movement data.
Cluster mean-field approach to the steady-state phase diagram of dissipative spin systems
Creators: name: Jin, Jiasen
name: Biella, Alberto
name: Viyuela, Oscar
name: Mazza, Leonardo
name: Keeling, Jonathan
name: Fazio, Rosario
name: Rossini, Davide
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that short-range correlations have a dramatic impact on the steady-state phase diagram of quantum driven-dissipative systems. This effect, never observed in equilibrium, follows from the fact that ordering in the steady state is of dynamical origin, and is established only at very long times, whereas in thermodynamic equilibrium it arises from the properties of the (free) energy. To this end, by combining the cluster methods extensively used in equilibrium phase transitions to quantum trajectories and tensor-network techniques, we extend them to nonequilibrium phase transitions in dissipative many-body systems. We analyze in detail a model of spin-1=2 on a lattice interacting through an XYZ Hamiltonian, each of them coupled to an independent environment that induces incoherent spin flips. In the steady-state phase diagram derived from our cluster approach, the location of the phase boundaries and even its topology radically change, introducing reentrance of the paramagnetic phase as compared to the single-site mean field where correlations are neglected. Furthermore, a stability analysis of the cluster mean field indicates a susceptibility towards a possible incommensurate ordering, not present if short-range correlations are ignored.
description: Published version. 18 pages, 15 figures
Konjugation stochastischer und zufälliger stationärer Differentialgleichungen und eine Version des lokalen Satzes von Hartman-Grobman für stochastische Differentialgleichungen
Creators: name: Lederer, Christian
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Fakultät II
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Kohomologie
subject: zufälliges dynamisches System
subject: Linearisierung
subject: stochastische Differentialgleichung
subject: cohomology
subject: random dynamical system
subject: linearization
subject: stochastic differential equation
subject: 510 Mathematik
subject: 27 Mathematik
subject: SK 820

description: Für zufällige dynamische Systeme mit stetiger Zeit existieren zwei wichtige Klassen von Generatoren: Zum einen stationäre zufällige ifferentialgleichungen, i.e. gewöhnliche Differentialgleichungen, die von einem stationärer zufälligen Vektorfeld getrieben werden, und zum anderen stochastische Stratonovichdifferentialgleichungen mit weißem Rauschen. Während die erste Klasse sich gut in den ergodentheoretischen Rahmen der Theorie der zufälligen dynamischen Systeme einfügt, widersetzte sich die zweite Klasse lange Zeit der dynamischen Untersuchung aufgrund des "Konflikts zwischen Ergodentheorie und stochastischer Analysis". In dieser Arbeit wird gezeigt, daß beide Klassen von zufälligen dynamischen Systemen nicht wesentlich verschieden sind, genauer: Zu jeder stochastischen Stratonovichdifferentialgleichung mit weißem Rauschen (unter den üblichen Regularitätsforderungen an die Vektorfelder, die die Existenz von Flüssen garantieren) existiert eine stationäre zufällige Differentialgleichung derart, daß die erzeugten zufälligen dynamischen Systeme konjugiert sind. Als Anwendung wird eine Version des lokalen Linearisierungssatzes von Hartman/Grobman für stochastische Stratonovichdifferentialgleichungen bewiesen.
description: For continuous time random dynamical systems there exist two important classes of generators: on the one hand stationary random differential quations, i.e. ordinary differential equations driven by a stationary random vector field, and on the other hand stochastic Stratonovich differential equations with white noise. While the first class fits well into the framework of the theory of random dynamical systems, the second class resisted for a long time the dynamical investigation due to the "conflict between ergodic theory and stochastic analysis". The main result of this thesis is that both classes of random dynamical systems are not essentially distinct, more precisely: For each stochastic Stratonovich differential equation with white noise (under usual regularity assumptions) there exists a stationary random differential equation such that the corresponding random dynamical systems are conjugate. As an application a version of the local Hartman/Grobman theorem for stochastic differential equations is proved.
MPEC 2023-Q46 : 2023 QD1
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2023 QD1

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Measuring the Economic Value of Government Programs: An Application to Early-Childhood Interventions
Creators: name: Ozdemir, Semra
Publisher: name: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
Year: 2013

description: Compelling evidence has been found that investing in early-childhood development for disadvantaged children has long-term economic benefits to program participants and non-participants alike. Public provision of early-childhood intervention programs requires allocation of taxpayers' money to these programs. At a time when the opportunity cost of public dollars is very high, it is important to estimate taxpayers' preferences for allocating public funds to early-childhood development programs now for benefits that would be accrued years later. The objectives of this dissertation were 1) To quantify public's willingness to pay for reducing childhood poverty in the US; 2) To present a budget-allocation framework to measure public demand for specific government programs by allowing respondents to express preferences for smaller government; and 3) To discuss the presence and implications of asymmetry in stated preferences for multiple non-market goods. To achieve these objectives, this study utilized stated-preference (SP) survey methods using a contingent valuation survey and two discrete-choice experiment surveys. The web-enabled surveys were administered to a representative sample of US general population. Four findings stand out across the chapters: 1) The population-weighted mean WTP for an intensive high-quality early-childhood program was $33 to $52 per year per household and was much lower than the annual per household program cost; 2) Preferences for supporting early-childhood development programs were correlated with ideological perspective, and government involvement seemed to be the main reason for the lack of conservatives' support on the program; 3) The budget-allocation framework was used successfully to calculate welfare changes based on changes in disposable income and/or reallocation of funding from one government program to another while mitigating possible protest responses; and 4) Large asymmetry in preferences was observed for taxes and government programs.
Conserved Charges and First Law of Thermodynamics for Kerr-de Sitter Black Holes
Creators: name: Hajian, Kamal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently, a general method for calculating conserved charges for (black hole) solutions to generally covariant gravitational theories, in any dimensions and with arbitrary asymptotic behaviors has been introduced. Equipped with this method, which can be dubbed as "solution phase space method," we calculate mass and angular momentum for the Kerr-dS black holes. Furthermore, for any choice of horizons, associated entropy and the first law of thermodynamics are derived. Interestingly, according to insensitivity of the analysis to the chosen cosmological constant, the analysis unifies the thermodynamics of rotating stationary black holes in 4 (and other) dimensions with either AdS, flat or dS asymptotics. We extend the analysis to include electric charge, i.e. to the Kerr-Newman-dS black holes.
description: 20 pages, synchronized with the published version in General Relativity and Gravitation, volume 48, number 8, (2016)
Optimal Liquidation under Stochastic Liquidity
Creators: name: Becherer, Dirk
name: Bilarev, Todor
name: Frentrup, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Mathematical Finance (q-fin.MF)
subject: Trading and Market Microstructure (q-fin.TR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: 35R35, 49J40, 49L20, 60H30, 60J50, 60J55, 93E20, 91G80

description: We solve explicitly a two-dimensional singular control problem of finite fuel type for infinite time horizon. The problem stems from the optimal liquidation of an asset position in a financial market with multiplicative and transient price impact. Liquidity is stochastic in that the volume effect process, which determines the inter-temporal resilience of the market in spirit of Predoiu, Shaikhet and Shreve (2011), is taken to be stochastic, being driven by own random noise. The optimal control is obtained as the local time of a diffusion process reflected at a non-constant free boundary. To solve the HJB variational inequality and prove optimality, we need a combination of probabilistic arguments and calculus of variations methods, involving Laplace transforms of inverse local times for diffusions reflected at elastic boundaries.
description: Appeared in Finance and Stochastics as "online first". The final publication is available at link.springer.com
Racial Mountains, Renascent Harlem, and Red Clay: the Charles Henry Alston Mural Sketch in the Ackland Art Museum Collection
Creators: name: Swindell, Catherine
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: This thesis examines a draft mural sketch by Charles Henry Alston (1907-1977), which was accessioned into the Ackland Art Museum in 2009 from the artist’s papers held at the Southern Historical Collection of the Louis Round Wilson Library. The untitled, undated, and unsigned sketch is an intriguing enigma that invites both factual and interpretive scrutiny. This paper, therefore, seeks to address, and where feasible, answer, several foundational questions about the object. Has the artist been correctly identified? Did anyone commission the mural, and if so, who? When was the sketch produced? What does each vignette within the work portray? Beyond understanding the untitled mural sketch as a Great Migration image, I will demonstrate how the work presents visual clues that allow for multiple interpretations informed by Alston’s biography, his stance on African American art, and the African diaspora more broadly.
title: Behavior planning for automated highway driving
title: From situation analysis and prediction towards resource-constrained interaction-aware lane change planning
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Schmidt, Manuel
Publisher: name: TU Dortmund
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Automated driving
subject: Situation prediction
subject: Lane change trajectory planning
subject: 620
subject: Automatisiertes Fahren

description: This work deals with certain components of an automated driving system for highways, focusing on lane change behavior planning. It presents a variety of algorithms of a modular system aiming at safe and comfortable driving. A major contribution of this work is a method for analyzing traffic scenes in a spatio-temporal, curvilinear coordinate system. The results of this analysis are used in a further step to generate lane change trajectories. A total of three approaches with increasing levels of complexity and capabilities are compared. The most advanced approach formulates the problem as a linear-quadratic cooperative game and accounts for the inherently uncertain and multimodal nature of trajectory predictions for surrounding road users. Evaluations on real data show that the developed algorithms can be integrated into current generation automated driving software systems fulfilling runtime constraints.
Central Limit Theorem for probability measures defined by sum-of-digits function in base 2
Creators: name: Emme, Jordan
name: Hubert, Pascal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper we prove a central limit theorem for some probability measures defined as asymtotic densities of integer sets defined via sum-of-digit-function. To any integer a we can associate a measure on Z called $μ$a such that, for any d, $μ$a(d) is the asymptotic density of the set of integers n such that s\_2(n + a) -- s\_2(n) = d where s\_2(n) is the number of digits "1" in the binary expansion of n. We express this probability measure as a product of matrices. Then we take a sequence of integers (a\_X(n)) n$\in$N via a balanced Bernoulli process. We prove that, for almost every sequence, and after renormalization by the typical variance, we have a central limit theorem by computing all the moments and proving that they converge towards the moments of the normal law N (0, 1).
description: Annali della Scuola Normale Superiore di Pisa, A Para{\^i}tre
Aktuelle Entwicklungen in der Nachhaltigkeitsberichterstattung auf Unternehmensebene mit Fokus auf Biodiversität
Creators: name: Wildner, Tobias Maximilian
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Beschreibung des aktuellen Status der Nachhaltigkeitsberichterstattung mit Fokus auf EU und internationale Corporate Reporting Standards. Der Fokus der Präsentation liegt auf dem Themengebiet "Biodiversität/Natur" und stellt u.a. zentrale Frameworks und Stakeholders vor.
Appearance and disappearance of quantum correlations in measurement-based feedback control of a mechanical oscillator
Creators: name: Sudhir, Vivishek
name: Wilson, Dalziel J.
name: Schilling, Ryan
name: Schütz, Hendrik
name: Fedorov, Sergey A.
name: Ghadimi, Amir H.
name: Nunnenkamp, Andreas
name: Kippenberg, Tobias J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum correlations between imprecision and back-action are a hallmark of continuous linear measurements. Here we study how measurement-based feedback can be used to improve the visibility of quantum correlations due to the interaction of a laser field with a nano-optomechanical system. Back-action imparted by the meter laser, due to radiation pressure quantum fluctuations, gives rise to correlations between its phase and amplitude quadratures. These quantum correlations are observed in the experiment both as squeezing of the meter field fluctuations below the vacuum level in a homodyne measurement, and as sideband asymmetry in a heterodyne measurement, demonstrating the common origin of both phenomena. We show that quantum feedback, i.e. feedback that suppresses measurement back-action, can be used to increase the visibility of the sideband asymmetry ratio. In contrast, by operating the feedback loop in the regime of noise squashing, where the in-loop photocurrent variance is reduced below the vacuum level, the visibility of the sideband asymmetry is reduced. This is due to feedback back-action arising from vacuum noise in the homodyne detector. These experiments demonstrate the possibility, as well as the fundamental limits of measurement-based feedback as a tool to manipulate quantum correlations.
Parallelisms & Lie Connections
Creators: name: Blázquez-Sanz, David
name: Casale, Guy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The aim of this article is to study rational parallelisms of algebraic varieties by means of the transcendence of their symmetries. The nature of this transcendence is measured by a Galois group built from the Picard-Vessiot theory of principal connections.
They are able who think they are able: an examination of the relationship between recreation therapy and selected psychological constructs
Creators: name: Spradlin, Cheryl E.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2006

description: The purpose of this study was to examine the impact of a structured therapeutic recreation program on selected psychological constructs for African Americans that have had a stroke. Using Bandura's social cognitive theory as a theoretical framework, the study utilized a mixed methods approach by establishing quantitative benchmarks for perceived self-efficacy, life satisfaction, and leisure attitude, followed by in-depth interviews to explore perceptions of study participants. Thirteen stroke survivors with a mean age of 55 participated in the study. The three themes that emerged during qualitative data analysis were leisure participation, social support, and coping/acceptance. The themes and concepts that emerged contributed to the development of a "common experience through group leisure" model that provided a visual representation of the means through which participants received benefits in the program. Practical and theoretical implications and recommendations include examination of treatment in a group setting and outcome expectancy in therapeutic recreation.
Didn't see that coming: a survey on non-verbal social human behavior forecasting
Creators: name: Barquero, German
name: Núñez, Johnny
name: Escalera, Sergio
name: Xu, Zhen
name: Tu, Wei-Wei
name: Guyon, Isabelle
name: Palmero, Cristina
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Non-verbal social human behavior forecasting has increasingly attracted the interest of the research community in recent years. Its direct applications to human-robot interaction and socially-aware human motion generation make it a very attractive field. In this survey, we define the behavior forecasting problem for multiple interactive agents in a generic way that aims at unifying the fields of social signals prediction and human motion forecasting, traditionally separated. We hold that both problem formulations refer to the same conceptual problem, and identify many shared fundamental challenges: future stochasticity, context awareness, history exploitation, etc. We also propose a taxonomy that comprises methods published in the last 5 years in a very informative way and describes the current main concerns of the community with regard to this problem. In order to promote further research on this field, we also provide a summarised and friendly overview of audiovisual datasets featuring non-acted social interactions. Finally, we describe the most common metrics used in this task and their particular issues.
description: single column, 27 pages, 4 figures, 3 tables
Holographic Software for Quantum Networks
Creators: name: Jaffe, Arthur
name: Liu, Zhengwei
name: Wozniakowski, Alex
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We introduce a pictorial approach to quantum information, called holographic software. Our software captures both algebraic and topological aspects of quantum networks. It yields a bi-directional dictionary to translate between a topological approach and an algebraic approach. Using our software, we give a topological simulation for quantum networks. The string Fourier transform (SFT) is our basic tool to transform product states into states with maximal entanglement entropy. We obtain a pictorial interpretation of Fourier transformation, of measurements, and of local transformations, including the $n$-qudit Pauli matrices and their representation by Jordan-Wigner transformations. We use our software to discover interesting new protocols for multipartite communication. In summary, we build a bridge linking the theory of planar para algebras with quantum information.
description: 48 pages. Accepted for publication in SCIENCE CHINA Mathematics
On the arithmetic of abelian varieties
Creators: name: Saidi, Mohamed
name: Tamagawa, Akio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We prove some new results on the arithmetic of abelian varieties over function fields of one variable over finitely generated (infinite) fields. Among other things, we introduce certain new natural objects `discrete Selmer groups' and `discrete Shafarevich-Tate groups', and prove that they are finitely generated $\Bbb Z$-modules. Further, we prove that in the isotrivial case, the discrete Shafarevich-Tate group vanishes and the discrete Selmer group coincides with the Mordell-Weil group. One of the key ingredients to prove these results is a new specialisation theorem à la Néron for first Galois cohomology groups, of the ($l$-adic) Tate module of abelian varieties which generalises Néron's specialisation theorem for rational points of abelian varieties.
description: Final version, to appear in Crelle Journal
Generation of light with multimode time-delayed entanglement using storage in a solid state spin-wave quantum memory
Creators: name: Ferguson, Kate R.
name: Beavan, Sarah E.
name: Longdell, Jevon J.
name: Sellars, Matthew J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Here we demonstrate generating and storing entanglement in a solid state spin-wave quantum memory with on-demand read out using the process of rephased amplified spontaneous emission (RASE). Amplified spontaneous emission (ASE), resulting from an inverted ensemble of Pr$^{3+}$ ions doped into a Y$_2$SiO$_5$ crystal, generates entanglement between collective states of the praseodymium ensemble and the output light. The ensemble is then rephased using a four-level photon echo technique. Entanglement between the ASE and its echo is confirmed and the inseparability violation preserved when the RASE is stored as a spin-wave for up to 5 $μ$s. RASE is shown to be temporally multimode with almost perfect distinguishability between two temporal modes demonstrated. These results pave the way for the use of multimode solid state quantum memories in scalable quantum networks.
The Role of Masculine Gender Norms in HIV Vulnerability Among Dominican Men Enrolled in a Circumcision Feasibility Trial
Creators: name: Fleming, Paul
Publisher: name: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Graduate School
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Public health
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology

description: Background: Masculine norms influence men’s sexual behaviors. Though this relationship has been extensively theorized, empirical evidence explaining this relationship is limited. This dissertation aims to understand how masculine norms and concern about demonstrating masculinity contribute to men’s HIV vulnerability in the Dominican Republic. Methods: I conducted three studies using qualitative and quantitative data from a feasibility trial of voluntary medical male circumcision for HIV prevention in two Dominican cities. In the first study, I analyzed survey data collected from men 6-12 months post-circumcision (n=293) to examine the association between Gender Role Conflict/Stress (i.e. concern about demonstrating masculine characteristics) and HIV-related sexual behaviors. In the second study, I analyzed data from in-depth interviews with a sub-sample of men in the trial (n=30) to explore how masculine norms shape men’s sexual and violent behaviors. Finally, in study three, I used both data sources to explore the relationships between norms of masculinity, male sexuality, and circumcision. Results: Men’s Gender Role Conflict/Stress was significantly associated with having two or more partners in the past 30 days, inconsistent condom use with non-steady partners, and drinking alcohol at last sex, after controlling for socio-demographic characteristics. In the qualitative interviews, men helped to explain this relationship by showing that masculine norms encouraged them to compete with one another for social status and that demonstrating masculine characteristics within their social networks – such as successful sexual performance or being a provider – was a key way to gain social status. Men were especially concerned about being humiliated because of the implications for losing status, which led to engaging in violence and sexual risk behaviors. Finally, nearly half of men reported feeling more masculine after receiving a circumcision. Their main reason for feeling more masculine was improved sexual performance which allowed them to avoid the humiliation associated with an inability to satisfy sexual partners. Conclusion: Men demonstrate their masculinity through their sexual behaviors and their concern about demonstrating masculine norms to their social network drives men’s HIV-related risk behaviors. HIV prevention efforts should ameliorate the negative effects of competition between men and address men’s concern about demonstrating masculine characteristics.
Group cubization (with an appendix by Mikael Pichot)
Creators: name: Osajda, Damian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 20F65, 20F50, 22D10

description: We present a procedure of group cubization: It results in a group whose some features resemble the ones of a given group, and which acts without fixed points on a CAT(0) cubical complex. As a main application we establish lack of Kazhdan's property (T) for Burnside groups.
description: Appendix by Mikael Pichot added. The exposition modified - more topological approach. To appear in Duke Math. J
Formulation of the Relativistic Quantum Hall Effect and "Parity Anomaly"
Creators: name: Yonaga, Kouki
name: Hasebe, Kazuki
name: Shibata, Naokazu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a relativistic formulation of the quantum Hall effect on Haldane sphere. An explicit form of the pseudopotential is derived for the relativistic quantum Hall effect with/without mass term. We clarify particular features of the relativistic quantum Hall states with the use of the exact diagonalization study of the pseudopotential Hamiltonian. Physical effects of the mass term to the relativistic quantum Hall states are investigated in detail. The mass term acts as an interpolating parameter between the relativistic and non-relativistic quantum Hall effects. It is pointed out that the mass term unevenly affects the many-body physics of the positive and negative Landau levels as a manifestation of the "parity anomaly". In particular, we explicitly demonstrate the instability of the Laughlin state of the positive first relativistic Landau level with the reduction of the charge gap.
description: We have corrected the typographic errors in our article. There are three corrections: (1)2g -> 2j in Fig.3 (2)2g -> 2j in the caption of Fig.3 (3)2g=12 -> 2j = 64 in the caption of Fig.5
Sleep in community-dwelling older adults: issues of measurement
Creators: name: Suksatit, Benjamas
Publisher: name: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
Year: 2014

description: A secondary data analysis was utilized to explore the first night effect (FNE) among community-dwelling older adults, age 70 years and older. The accuracy of actigraphy when compared with polysomnography (PSG) in measuring sleep and change in sleep in this sample was also explored. The data were derived from 63 community-dwelling older adults from two studies: PRISM and PTRACS. Two instruments were used, including 1) polysomnograph and 2) wrist actigraph. According to standard PSG, two sleep experts scored sleep states and the inter-rater agreement was acceptable across all records. For wrist actigraph, an actiwatch-light (AW-L) was employed in two original studies. Sleep data from AW-L were retrieved using Actiware-Sleep software v.3.3. This study was conducted under approval from the Institutional Review Board of the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Data entry and analysis were performed using SAS software, version 9.3. All data were double entry and compared for any errors. FNE occurred in community-dwelling adults age 70 years and older, including more wake after sleep onset (WASO), more stage N1, more REM latency, less total sleep time (TST), less sleep efficiency (SE), and less stage N3. According to the accuracy of actigraphy against PSG, of four sensitivity settings, the high sensitivity setting of actigraphy provided fewer discrepancies. Using high sensitivity settings, actigraphy underestimated sleep onset latency (SOL) by 2 minutes, underestimated WASO by 21 minutes, and overestimated TST by 21 minutes as compared to PSG. For the accuracy of actigraphy when compared to PSG in measuring change in sleep, high sensitivity setting provided fewer discrepancies. Actigraphy with high sensitivity setting overestimated change in SOL by 21 minutes, overestimated change in WASO by 12 minutes, and underestimated change in TST by 41 minutes. Although PSG is the gold standard in measuring sleep, it has many disadvantages. FNE is one major issue. When FNE occurs, the second night of PSG is needed in order to capture subject's habitual sleep. Although actigraphy is a cost-alternative method in measuring sleep, it appears to underestimate wake and overestimate sleep in community-dwelling older adults, age 70 years and older when compared with PSG.