Maculonomia Wu 1982
Creators: name: Tran, Ngat Thi
name: Phuong, Lien Thi
name: Anh, Phuong Nguyen
name: Nguyen, Anh Duc
name: Engel, Michael S.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Halictidae
Maculonomia

description: Genus Maculonomia Wu, 1982
Maculonomia Wu, 1982: 275.
REMARKS
The genus Maculonomia was originally established as a subgenus of Nomia Latreille, 1804 (Wu 1982) and was kept within an ill-defined Nomia by Michener (2007), although as a synonym of Acunomia Cockerel, 1930. More recently Maculonomia has been recognized as a genus distinct from Nomia (e.g. Pauly 2009) and separate from Acunomia Cockerell, 1930 and Curvinomia Michener, 1944, which had also been placed within Acunomia (Michener 2007). Maculonomia is likely related to Curvinomia (Pauly 2009; Niu et al. 2017) but can be separated from the latter by the following characteristics: mesoscutal punctation generally finer and simple (deeper and often doubled in Curvinomia); anterior apical corner of forewing lightly to darkly infuscate (apical parts of wing faintly infumate in Curvinomia); outer metatibial spur of female simple (spur with strong subapical branch); metabasitibial plate of female elevated, triangular, and nearly glabrous (shield-shaped and typically setose in Curvinomia); metafemur of male generally slender, smooth and concave ventrally (metafemur thicker and laterally compressed in Curvinomia). In addition, the metatibia in males has a distinct projection apicoventrally, metasomal sternum IV of males is broad and large, sternum V of males with medial triangular projection apically, sternum VII of males with double apical projections, dorsal gonostylar lobe expanded, flattened, and lamelliform mesally and with slender, narrow apical extension; ventral gonostylar bifid apically.
Herein, based on the significant differences of the legs, the genus is divided into two subgenera: Maculonomia Wu s. str. and Spanionomia Engel &Tran, n. subgen. (see key to subgenera, infra). The new subgenus is established based on the species Maculonomia elegans (Smith, 1857). The nominate subgenus can be further arranged into two species groups, distinguished largely by the presence or absence of the enameled bands on the metasomal terga apically: colored-banded species (the interrupta group, with 16 species) and non-colored-banded species (the apicalis group, with five species) (Table 1).
KEY TO SUBGENERA OF MACULONOMIA WU, 1982
1. Metatibial scopa of female reduced; legs largely yellowish orange to light orange or orangish brown [Indonesia; Malaysia; Brunei] ............................................................................... Spanionomia Engel & Tran, n. subgen.
— Metatibial scopa of female abundant; legs largely dark brown to black [central-southern China southward into Malesia, westward to Nepal] ............................................................................. Maculonomia Wu, 1982 s. str.
KEY TO VIETNAMESE SPECIES OF MACULONOMIA WU, 1982 S. STR.
The female of Maculonomia (Maculonomia) rufomysteria Engel, Tran, & AD Nguyen and the males of M. (M.) ferruginea Engel, Tran, & Nguyen and M. (M.) rufocaudata (Wu, 1988) remain unknown.
1. Females ....................................................................................................................................................... 2
— Males .......................................................................................................................................................... 5
2. Metasomal terga apically without enameled bands, black ............................................................................ 3
— Metasomal terga apically with enameled bands ............................................................................................ 4
3. Mesoscutum and mesoscutellum dull, punctures deep, distinct, separated by less than a puncture width (Fig. 12B); frontal head, mesoscutum, mesoscutellum with black setae (Fig. 12A, B); discs of metasomal terga I-V with obvious ferruginous setae .................................................. M. (M.) ferruginea Engel, Tran, & Nguyen, n. sp.
— Mesoscutum and mesoscutellum shiny, punctures shallow, anteriorly and posteriorly separated by a puncture width or more (Fig. 14B); face, mesoscutum, and mesoscutellum with fulvous setae (Figs 13A; 14A), metasomal terga I-IV laterally and tergum V apically with ferruginous setae ................ M. (M.) terminata (Smith, 1875)
4. Clypeus laterally with punctures dense (Fig. 5A); discs of metasomal terga III-V with blackish setae; metasomal terga II-IV apically with thin, pale, yellowish-green enamel bands and tergum V black apically (Fig. 5D) ...... ............................................................................................................. M. (M.) alveolus Engel & Tran, n. sp.
— Clypeus laterally with punctures sparse (Fig. 7A); discs of metasomal terga III-V with conspicuous reddish-orange setae; metasomal tergum II dull apically and terga III-V with orange enamel bands apically (Fig. 7D) ... .................................................................................................................... M. (M.) rufocaudata (Wu, 1988)
5. Metafemur with a squarish lamella orthogonal to podite axis ventrobasally (Fig. 16C); metasomal terga without enameled bands apically, black (Fig. 16E) ................................................... M. (M.) terminata (Smith, 1875)
— Metafemur without lamella ventrobasally; metasomal terga with enameled bands apically ........................... 6
6. Metafemur swollen and with small trough bordered by longitudinal lamella ventrally (Fig. 2C); wing membrane largely clear with light infumate area apically (Fig. 1B); pterostigma brown; metasomal terga II-V with yellowish-green enamel bands apically (Fig. 2D); metasomal terga II-VIII and genitalia as in Figure 3 ........... ............................................................................................................. M. (M.) alveolus Engel & Tran, n. sp.
— Metafemur normal, without small trough ventrally (Fig. 9C); wing membrane yellowed with pronouncedly infumate spot apically (Fig. 8A); pterostigma yellowish brown; metasomal terga V and VI with reddish-orange enamel bands apically (Fig. 9E); sterna IV-VIII and genitalia as in Figure 10 ................................................. ................................................................................ M. (M.) rufomysteria Engel, Tran, & AD Nguyen, n. sp.
description: Published as part of Tran, Ngat Thi, Phuong, Lien Thi, Anh, Phuong Nguyen, Nguyen, Anh Duc & Engel, Michael S., 2025, New species and records of the nomiine bee genus Maculonomia Wu, 1982 from Vietnam (Hymenoptera, Halictidae), pp. 51-73 in Zoosystema 47 (4) on pages 52-53, DOI: 10.5252/zoosystema2025v47a4, http://zenodo.org/record/14831210