cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Frustrated Spin System in theta-(BEDT-TTF)_2RbZn(SCN)_4
Creators: name: Seo, Hitoshi
name: Fukuyama, Hidetoshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The origin of the spin gap behavior in the low-temperature dimerized phase of theta-(BEDT-TTF)_2RbZn(SCN)_4 has been theoretically studied based on the Hartree-Fock approximation for the on-site Coulomb interaction at absolute zero. Calculations show that, in the parameter region considered to be relevant to this compound, antiferromagnetic ordering is stabilized between dimers consisting of pairs of molecules coupled with the largest transfer integral. Based on this result an effective localized spin 1/2 model is constructed which indicates the existence of the frustration among spins. This frustration may result in the formation of spin gap.
description: 4 pages, 5 figures, to be published in J. Phys. Soc. Jpn. 67 (1998) no. 6
MOESM2 of Assessing Kwa-Zulu-Natalâ s progress towards malaria elimination and its readiness for sub-national verification
Creators: name: Ryleen Balawanth
name: Ba, Inessa
name: Bheki Qwabe
name: Gast, Laura
name: Maharaj, Rajendra
name: Jaishree Raman
name: Graffy, Rebecca
name: Mbavhalelo Shandukani
name: Devanand Moonasar
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 2. The KwaZuluâ Natal checklist for malaria elimination and status of each requirement.
Optical response of superfluid state in dilute atomic Fermi-Dirac gases
Creators: name: Ruostekoski, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We theoretically study the propagation of light in a Fermi-Dirac gas in the presence of a superfluid state. BCS pairing between atoms in different hyperfine levels may significantly increase the optical linewidth and line shift of a quantum degenerate Fermi-Dirac gas and introduce a local-field correction that, under certain conditions, dramatically dominates over the Lorentz-Lorenz shift. These optical properties could possibly unambiguously sign the presence of the superfluid state and determine the value of the BCS order parameter.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures
MOESM1 of Assessing Kwa-Zulu-Natalâ s progress towards malaria elimination and its readiness for sub-national verification
Creators: name: Ryleen Balawanth
name: Ba, Inessa
name: Bheki Qwabe
name: Gast, Laura
name: Maharaj, Rajendra
name: Jaishree Raman
name: Graffy, Rebecca
name: Mbavhalelo Shandukani
name: Devanand Moonasar
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1. Checklist components and their descriptions.
A hybrid silicon-sapphire cryogenic Fabry-Perot cavity using hydroxide catalysis bonding
Creators: name: Sun, Yun-Long
name: Ye, Yan-Xia
name: Shi, Xiao-Hui
name: Wang, Zhi-Yuan
name: Yan, Chun-Jie
name: He, Lei-Lei
name: Lu, Ze-Huang
name: Zhang, Jie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The third-generation gravitational wave detectors are under development by operating the detector in cryogenic temperature to reduce the thermal noise. Silicon and sapphire are promising candidate materials for the test masses and suspension elements due to their remarkable mechanical and thermal properties at cryogenic temperature. Here we present the performances of the cryogenic thermal cycling and strength testing on hydroxide catalysis bonding between sapphire and silicon. Our results suggest that although these two materials have very different coefficients of thermal expansion, but if the flatness and the thermally grown $\mathrm{SiO_2}$ oxidation layer on the silicon surface are controlled well, the bonded samples can still survive thermal cycling from room temperature to 5.5 K. A breaking strength of 3.6$\pm 0.6$ MPa is measured for the bonds between sapphire and silicon with a 190 nm silicon oxidation thickness after cooling cycle. We construct a hybrid sapphire-silicon Fabry-Perot cavity with the developing bonding technique in our lab. The measurement results reveal that the cavity can survive repeated thermal cycling while maintaining a good finesse.
Low-Rank MDPs with Continuous Action Spaces
Creators: name: Bennett, Andrew
name: Kallus, Nathan
name: Oprescu, Miruna
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Low-Rank Markov Decision Processes (MDPs) have recently emerged as a promising framework within the domain of reinforcement learning (RL), as they allow for provably approximately correct (PAC) learning guarantees while also incorporating ML algorithms for representation learning. However, current methods for low-rank MDPs are limited in that they only consider finite action spaces, and give vacuous bounds as $|\mathcal{A}| \to \infty$, which greatly limits their applicability. In this work, we study the problem of extending such methods to settings with continuous actions, and explore multiple concrete approaches for performing this extension. As a case study, we consider the seminal FLAMBE algorithm (Agarwal et al., 2020), which is a reward-agnostic method for PAC RL with low-rank MDPs. We show that, without any modifications to the algorithm, we obtain a similar PAC bound when actions are allowed to be continuous. Specifically, when the model for transition functions satisfies a Hölder smoothness condition w.r.t. actions, and either the policy class has a uniformly bounded minimum density or the reward function is also Hölder smooth, we obtain a polynomial PAC bound that depends on the order of smoothness.
description: 25 pages, AISTATS 2024
Unraveling the complex structure of AGN-driven outflows: IV. Comparing AGNs with and without strong outflows
Creators: name: Luo, Rongxin
name: Woo, Jong-Hak
name: Shin, Jaejin
name: Kang, Daeun
name: Bae, Hyun-Jin
name: Karouzos, Marios
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: AGN-driven outflows are considered as one of the processes driving the co-evolution of supermassive black holes with their host galaxies. We present integral field spectroscopy of six Type 2 AGNs at z < 0.1, which are selected as AGNs without strong outflows based on the kinematics of [Oiii] gas. Using spatially resolved data, we investigate the ionized gas kinematics and photoionization properties in comparison with AGNs with strong outflows. We find significant differences between the kinematics of ionized gas and stars for two AGNs, which indicates the presence of AGN-driven outflows. Nevertheless, the low velocity and velocity dispersion of ionized gas indicate relatively weak outflows in these AGNs. Our results highlight the importance of spatially-resolved observation in investigating gas kinematics and identifying the signatures of AGN-driven outflows. While it is unclear what determines the occurrence of outflows, we discuss the conditions and detectability of AGN-driven outflows based on a larger sample of AGNs with and without outflows, suggesting the importance of gas content in the host galaxies.
description: Accepted for publication in ApJ. 17 pages, 14 figures
Magneto-Coulomb Oscillation in Ferromagnetic Single Electron Transistors
Creators: name: Shimada, Hiroshi
name: Ono, Keiji
name: Ootuka, Youiti
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The mechanism of the magneto-Coulomb oscillation in ferromagnetic single electron transistors (SET's) is theoretically considered. Variations in the chemical potentials of the conduction electrons in the ferromagnetic island electrode and the ferromagnetic lead electrodes in magnetic fields cause changes in the free energy of the island electrode of the SET. Experimental results of the magneto-Coulomb oscillation in a Ni/Co/Ni ferromagnetic SET are presented and discussed. Possible applications of this phenomenon are also discussed.
description: 24 pages Latex, 5 figures in GIF files, style files included. Revised version: some errors are corrected and further discussions are added. To be published in J. Phys. Soc. Jpn. Vol.67 (1998) No.4
CONCERTO: instrument and status
Creators: name: Fasano, Alessandro
name: Ade, Peter
name: Aravena, Manuel
name: Barria, Emilio
name: Beelen, Alexandre
name: Benoît, Alain
name: Béthermin, Matthieu
name: Bounmy, Julien
name: Bourrion, Olivier
name: Bres, Guillaume
name: Calvo, Martino
name: Catalano, Andrea
name: De Breuck, Carlos
name: Désert, François-Xavier
name: Durán, Carlos
name: Fenouillet, Thomas
name: Garcia, Jose
name: Garde, Gregory
name: Goupy, Johannes
name: Groppi, Christopher
name: Hoarau, Christophe
name: Hu, Wenkai
name: Lagache, Guilaine
name: Lambert, Jean-Charles
name: Leggeri, Jean-Paul
name: Levy-Bertrand, Florence
name: Lundgren, Andreas
name: Macías-Pérez, Juan
name: Mani, Hamdi
name: Marpaud, Julien
name: Mauskopf, Philip
name: Monfardini, Alessandro
name: Pisano, Giampaolo
name: Ponthieu, Nicolas
name: Prieur, Leo
name: Roni, Samuel
name: Roudier, Sebastien
name: Tourres, Damien
name: Tucker, Carol
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: CONCERTO (CarbON CII line in post-rEionization and ReionizaTiOn) is a low-resolution Fourier transform spectrometer dedicated to the study of star-forming galaxies and clusters of galaxies in the transparent millimeter windows from the ground. It is characterized by a wide instantaneous 18.6 arcmin field of view, operates at 130-310 GHz, and was installed on the 12-meter Atacama Pathfinder Experiment (APEX) telescope at 5100 m above sea level. CONCERTO's double focal planes host two arrays of 2152 kinetic inductance detectors and represent a pioneering instrument to meet a state-of-the-art scientific challenge. This paper introduces the CONCERTO instrument and explains its status, shows the first CONCERTO spectral maps of Orion, and describes the perspectives of the project.
description: 6 pages, 2 figures, to appear in Proc. of the mm Universe 2023 conference, Grenoble (France), June 2023, published by F. Mayet et al. (Eds), EPJ Web of conferences, EDP Sciences
Young Supernova Remnants in the Magellanic Clouds
Creators: name: Hughes, John P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: There are a half-dozen or so young supernova remnants in the Magellanic Clouds that display one or more of the following characteristics: high velocity (>1000 km/s) emission, enhanced metallicity, or a rapidly rotating pulsar. I summarize the current state of knowledge of these remnants and present some recent results mostly from the new X-ray astronomy satellites.
description: 10 pages, including 8 postscript figs, LaTeX. To appear in the Proceedings of the 11th Annual October Maryland Astrophysics Conference ``Young Supernova Remnants''
Prospects of detecting deviations to Kerr geometry with radiation reaction effects in EMRIs
Creators: name: Chowdhuri, Abhishek
name: Bhattacharyya, Arpan
name: Kumar, Shailesh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Direct detection of gravitational waves and binary black hole mergers have proven to be remarkable investigations of general relativity. In order to have a definitive answer as to whether the black hole spacetime under test is the Kerr or non-Kerr, one requires accurate mapping of the metric. Since EMRIs are perfect candidates for space-based detectors, Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA) observations will serve a crucial purpose in mapping the spacetime metric. In this article, we consider such a study with the Johannsen spacetime that captures the deviations from the Kerr black hole and further discuss their detection prospects. We analytically derive the leading order post-Newtonian corrections in the average loss of energy and angular momentum fluxes generated by a stellar-mass object exhibiting eccentric equatorial motion in the Johannsen background. We further obtain the orbital evolution of the inspiralling object within the adiabatic approximation and estimate the orbital phase. We lastly provide the possible detectability of deviations from the Kerr black hole by estimating gravitational wave dephasing and highlight the crucial role of LISA observations.
description: Improved PN analysis, comments in light of LIGO-VIRGO GWTC-3 observations are added, analysis regarding possible upper bounds on the deviation parameters from LISA observations is added, Version to appear in JCAP
Experimental Testing of Scattering Polarization Models
Creators: name: Li, W.
name: Casini, R.
name: Tomczyk, S.
name: Degl'Innocenti, E. Landi
name: Marsell, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We realized a laboratory experiment to study the scattering polarization of the Na I D-doublet at 589.0 and 589.6 nm in the presence of a magnetic field. This work was stimulated by solar observations of that doublet, which have proven particularly challenging to explain through available models of polarized line formation, even to the point of casting doubts on our very understanding of the underlying physics. The purpose of the experiment was to test a quantum theory for the polarized scattering of spectrally flat incident radiation, on which much of the current magnetic diagnostics of stellar atmospheres is based. The experiment has confirmed the predictions of that theory, and its adequacy for the modeling of scattering polarization under flat-spectrum illumination.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures
การทำนายผลสัมฤทธิ์ทางการเรียนของนิสิตระดับปริญญาตรี ภาควิชาคณิตศาสตร์ คณะวิทยาศาสตร์ มหาวิทยาลัยศรีนครินทรวิโรฒที่ผ่านการคัดเลือกเข้าศึกษาแบบสอบตรง
Creators: name: รวีวรรณ งามสันติกุล
Publisher: name: หน่วยวิจัยวิทยาศาสตร์ เทคโนโลยี และสิ่งแวดล้อมเพื่อการเรียนรู้ คณะวิทยาศาสตร์ มหาวิทยาลัยศรีนครินทรวิโรฒ
Year: 2558
Subjects: ผลสัมฤทธิ์ทางการเรียน
การทำนาย
การคัดเลือกเข้าศึกษาแบบสอบตรง

description: วารสารหน่วยวิจัยวิทยาศาสตร์ เทคโนโลยี และสิ่งแวดล้อมเพื่อการเรียนรู้ (JSTEL), 6, 2, 127-140
Additional file 4: of Development and application of multiplex PCR method for simultaneous detection of seven viruses in ducks
Creators: name: Yao, Ming
name: Xiyu Zhang
name: Yunfei Gao
name: Suquan Song
name: Danning Xu
name: Liping Yan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Space Science
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Hematology

description: Table S1. BLAST results of AIV forward primer and NDV forward primer. (DOCX 15 kb)
Long-range correlations of the stress tensor near the Cauchy horizon
Creators: name: Klein, Christiane
name: Zahn, Jochen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that the stress tensor of a real scalar quantum field on Reissner-Nordstr{ö}m-de Sitter spacetime exhibits correlations over macroscopic distances near the Cauchy horizon. These diverge as the Cauchy horizon is approached and are universal, i.e., state-independent. This signals a breakdown of the semi-classical approximation near the Cauchy horizon. We also investigate the effect of turning on a charge of the scalar field and consider the correlation of the stress tensor between the two poles of the Cauchy horizon of Kerr-de Sitter spacetime.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures, version as published in PRD
Detection of a gamma-ray flare from the high-redshift blazar DA 193
Creators: name: Paliya, Vaidehi S.
name: Ajello, M.
name: Ojha, R.
name: Angioni, R.
name: Cheung, C. C.
name: Tanada, K.
name: Pursimo, T.
name: Galindo, P.
name: Losada, I. R.
name: Siltala, L.
name: Djupvik, A. A.
name: Marcotulli, L.
name: Hartmann, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: High-redshift ($z>2$) blazars are the most powerful members of the blazar family. Yet, only a handful of them have both X-ray and $γ$-ray detection, thereby making it difficult to characterize the energetics of the most luminous jets. Here, we report, for the first time, the Fermi-Large Area Telescope detection of the significant $γ$-ray emission from the high-redshift blazar DA 193 ($z=2.363$). Its time-averaged $γ$-ray spectrum is soft ($γ$-ray photon index = $2.9\pm0.1$) and together with a relatively flat hard X-ray spectrum (14$-$195 keV photon index = $1.5\pm0.4$), DA 193 presents a case to study a typical high-redshift blazar with inverse Compton peak being located at MeV energies. An intense GeV flare was observed from this object in the first week of 2018 January, a phenomenon rarely observed from high-redshift sources. What makes this event a rare one is the observation of an extremely hard $γ$-ray spectrum (photon index = $1.7\pm0.2$), which is somewhat unexpected since high-redshift blazars typically exhibit a steep falling spectrum at GeV energies. The results of our multi-frequency campaign, including both space- (Fermi, NuSTAR, and Swift) and ground-based (Steward and Nordic Optical Telescope) observatories, are presented and this peculiar $γ$-ray flare is studied within the framework of a single-zone leptonic emission scenario.
description: 14 pages, 9 figures, 2 tables, to appear in the Astrophysical Journal
MOESM1 of Molecular docking, synthesis, kinetics study, structureâ activity relationship and ADMET analysis of morin analogous as Helicobacter pylori urease inhibitors
Creators: name: Kataria, Ritu
name: Anurag Khatkar
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Developmental Biology

description: Additional file 1. Supplementary file for spectral data.
On the scalar sector of the covariant graviton two-point function in de Sitter spacetime
Creators: name: Higuchi, Atsushi
name: Kouris, Spyros S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine the scalar sector of the covariant graviton two-point function in de Sitter spacetime. This sector consists of the pure-trace part and another part described by a scalar field. We show that it does not contribute to two-point functions of gauge-invariant quantities. We also demonstrate that the long-distance growth present in some gauges is absent in this sector for a wide range of gauge parameters.
description: 15 pages, no figures, LaTeX, considerably shortened
A New Operator Splitting Method for Euler's Elastica Model
Creators: name: Deng, Liang-Jian
name: Glowinski, Roland
name: Tai, Xue-Cheng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Euler's elastica model has a wide range of applications in Image Processing and Computer Vision. However, the non-convexity, the non-smoothness and the nonlinearity of the associated energy functional make its minimization a challenging task, further complicated by the presence of high order derivatives in the model. In this article we propose a new operator-splitting algorithm to minimize the Euler elastica functional. This algorithm is obtained by applying an operator-splitting based time discretization scheme to an initial value problem (dynamical flow) associated with the optimality system (a system of multivalued equations). The sub-problems associated with the three fractional steps of the splitting scheme have either closed form solutions or can be handled by fast dedicated solvers. Compared with earlier approaches relying on ADMM (Alternating Direction Method of Multipliers), the new method has, essentially, only the time discretization step as free parameter to choose, resulting in a very robust and stable algorithm. The simplicity of the sub-problems and its modularity make this algorithm quite efficient. Applications to the numerical solution of smoothing test problems demonstrate the efficiency and robustness of the proposed methodology.
Charge Ordering and Spin gap in NaV_2O_5
Creators: name: Seo, Hitoshi
name: Fukuyama, Hidetoshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A possible ground state of NaV_2O_5 is proposed based on the Hartree approximation for both on-site and intersite Coulomb interactions. The results indicate that the intersite Coulomb interaction induces a zigzag type of charge disproportionation (i.e. charge ordering) along the ladders of V-ions resulting in the localized spins between neighboring ladders to form a spin gap. This new state, which is different from the spin-Peierls state so far believed, seems to be consistent with the existing experimental results.
description: 3 pages, 4 figures, submitted to J. Phys. Soc. Jpn
Additional file 3: of Development and application of multiplex PCR method for simultaneous detection of seven viruses in ducks
Creators: name: Yao, Ming
name: Xiyu Zhang
name: Yunfei Gao
name: Suquan Song
name: Danning Xu
name: Liping Yan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Hematology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Figure S3. Alignment results of the seven virusesâ primers. (DOCX 791 kb)
Third post-Newtonian dynamics of compact binaries: Noetherian conserved quantities and equivalence between the harmonic-coordinate and ADM-Hamiltonian formalisms
Creators: name: de Andrade, Vanessa
name: Blanchet, Luc
name: Faye, Guillaume
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A Lagrangian from which derive the third post-Newtonian (3PN) equations of motion of compact binaries (neglecting the radiation reaction damping) is obtained. The 3PN equations of motion were computed previously by Blanchet and Faye in harmonic coordinates. The Lagrangian depends on the harmonic-coordinate positions, velocities and accelerations of the two bodies. At the 3PN order, the appearance of one undetermined physical parameter λreflects an incompleteness of the point-mass regularization used when deriving the equations of motion. In addition the Lagrangian involves two unphysical (gauge-dependent) constants r'_1 and r'_2 parametrizing some logarithmic terms. The expressions of the ten Noetherian conserved quantities, associated with the invariance of the Lagrangian under the Poincaré group, are computed. By performing an infinitesimal ``contact'' transformation of the motion, we prove that the 3PN harmonic-coordinate Lagrangian is physically equivalent to the 3PN Arnowitt-Deser-Misner Hamiltonian obtained recently by Damour, Jaranowski and Schäfer.
description: 30 pages, to appear in Classical and Quantum Gravity
Stretched exponentials and power laws in granular avalanching
Creators: name: Head, D. A.
name: Rodgers, G. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce a model for granular avalanching which exhibits both stretched exponential and power law avalanching over its parameter range. Two modes of transport are incorporated, a rolling layer consisting of individual particles and the overdamped, sliding motion of particle clusters. The crossover in behaviour observed in experiments on piles of rice is attributed to a change in the dominant mode of transport. We predict that power law avalanching will be observed whenever surface flow is dominated by clustered motion.
description: 8 pages, more concise and some points clarified. To appear in J. Phys. A
Large-area, freestanding single-crystal gold of single nanometer thickness
Creators: name: Pan, Chenxinyu
name: Tong, Yuanbiao
name: Qian, Haoliang
name: Krasavin, Alexey V.
name: Li, Jialin
name: Zhu, Jiajie
name: Zhang, Yiyun
name: Cui, Bowen
name: Li, Zhiyong
name: Wu, Chenming
name: Wang, Zhenxin
name: Liu, Lufang
name: Li, Linjun
name: Guo, Xin
name: Zayats, Anatoly V.
name: Tong, Limin
name: Wang, Pan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Two-dimensional single-crystal metals are highly sought after for next-generation technologies. Here, we report large-area (>10^4 μm2), single-crystal two-dimensional gold with thicknesses down to a single-nanometer level, employing an atomic-level-precision chemical etching approach. The ultrathin thickness and single-crystal quality endow two-dimensional gold with unique properties including significantly quantum-confinement-augmented optical nonlinearity, low sheet resistance, high transparency and excellent mechanical flexibility. By patterning the two-dimensional gold into nanoribbon arrays, extremely-confined near-infrared plasmonic resonances are further demonstrated with quality factors up to 5. The freestanding nature of two-dimensional gold allows its straightforward manipulation and transfer-printing for integration with other structures. The developed two-dimensional gold provides an emerging platform for fundamental studies in various disciplines and opens up new opportunities for applications in high-performance ultrathin optoelectronic, photonic and quantum devices.
Selaginella P. Beauv.
Creators: name: López-García, Ana G.
name: Schmidt, Alexander R.
name: Serguera, Maité
name: Regalado, Ledis
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Lycopodiopsida
Selaginellales
Selaginellaceae
Selaginella

description: GenusSelaginellaP. Beauv. in Mag. Encycl. 9 (5): 478. 1804.
Type.
Selaginella selaginoides (L.) P. Beauv. ex Schrank & Mart. (≡ Lycopodium selaginoides L.).
description: Published as part of López-García, Ana G., Schmidt, Alexander R., Serguera, Maité & Regalado, Ledis, 2025, First record of Selaginella from Miocene amber, pp. 57-66 in Fossil Record 28 (1) on pages 57-66, DOI: 10.3897/fr.28.e138310
High temperature study of the Kosterlitz-Thouless phase transition in the XY model on the triangular lattice
Creators: name: Butera, P.
name: Comi, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: High temperature series expansions of the spin-spin correlation function for the XY (or plane rotator) model on the triangular lattice are extended by two terms up to order beta^{14}. Tables of the expansion coefficients are reported for the correlation function spherical moments of order l=0 and 2. Our analysis of the series supports the Kosterlitz-Thouless predictions on the structure of the critical singularities and leads to fairly accurate estimates of the critical parameters.
description: 12 pages, LateX, figures reported only in the printed version
Formation of High Mass X-ray Black Hole Binaries
Creators: name: Brown, G. E.
name: Heger, A.
name: Langer, N.
name: Lee, C. -H.
name: Wellstein, S.
name: Bethe, H. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The discrepancy in the past years of many more black-hole soft X-ray transients (SXTs), of which a dozen have now been identified, had challenged accepted wisdom in black hole evolution. The sheer number of inferred SXTs requires that many, if not most, stars of ZAMS masses $20-35\msun$ end up as black holes (Portegies Zwart et al. 1997; Ergma & van den Heuvel 1998). In this paper we show that this can be understood by challenging the accepted wisdom that the result of helium core burning in a massive star is independent of whether the core is covered by a hydrogen envelope, or "naked" while it burns. The latter case occurs in binaries when the envelope of the more massive star is transferred to the companion by Roche Lobe overflow while in either main sequence or red giant stage. For solar metallicity, whereas the helium cores which burn while naked essentially never go into high-mass black holes, those that burn while clothed do so, beginning at ZAMS mass $\sim 20\msun$, the precise mass depending on the $^{12}C(α,γ)^{16}$O rate as we outline. In this way the SXTs can be evolved, provided that the H envelope of the massive star is removed only following the He core burning. We also show that in order to evolve a black hole of mass $\gsim 10\msun$ such as observed in Cyg X-1, even employing extremely massive progenitors of ZAMS mass $\gsim 60\msun$ for the black hole, the core must be covered by hydrogen during a substantial fraction of the core burning. In other words, the progenitor must be a WNL star. We evolve Cyg X-1 in an analogous way to which the SXTs are evolved, the difference being that the companion in Cyg X-1 is more massive than those in the SXTs, so that Cyg X-1 shines continuously.
description: 25 pages, 4 figures, New Astronomy, accepted
Selaginella jorelisiae A. G. Lopez-Garcia, A. R. Schmidt & L. Regalado 2025, sp. nov.
Creators: name: López-García, Ana G.
name: Schmidt, Alexander R.
name: Serguera, Maité
name: Regalado, Ledis
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Lycopodiopsida
Selaginellales
Selaginellaceae
Selaginella
Selaginella jorelisiae

description: Selaginella jorelisiae A. G. López-García, A. R. Schmidt & L. Regalado sp. nov.
Holotype.
Amber World Museum (Museo Mundo de Ámbar), Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic, collection number AWMJC 010004 [Figs 1, 2] (only specimen available). The amber specimen is being arranged for integration into the amber collection of the Museo Nacional de Historia Natural “ Prof. Eugenio de Jesús Marcano, ” Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic.
Etymology.
The specific epithet honors Ms. Jorelis Caridad, Amber World Museum (Dominican Republic), for supporting our research by making the amber inclusion available for study.
Stratigraphic and geographic range.
Lower to early Middle Miocene amber-bearing sediments of the Dominican Republic, approximately 15 to 20 Myr old (Iturralde-Vinent and MacPhee 1996, 2019).
Diagnosis.
Dorsal trophophylls ovate, symmetric, base rounded (Figs 1 B, C, 2 A), slightly carinate, apex aristate (Fig. 1 B, C) and minutely serrate, margins with scattered teeth or cilia. Ventral trophophylls elliptic (Figs 1 D, 2 B), base slightly asymmetric, rounded on both sides, with the basiscopic side more developed, apex apiculate (Figs 1 D, 2 B), margins with the acroscopic proximal third ciliate (Figs 1 E, 2 B), the basiscopic proximal third nearly entire or minutely serrate, and the medial and distal thirds serrate (Figs 1 F, 2 B).
Description.
Rhizophores not preserved. Main stem once branched, branches of 12 and 8.8 mm length. Trophophylls dimorphic (Figs 1, 2). Axillary trophophylls not preserved. Dorsal trophophylls symmetric, distant, ascending, 0.80–0.98 × 0.2–0.32 mm, ovate (Figs 1 B, C, 2 A), base rounded, slightly carinate, apex aristate and minutely serrate (arista 0.27–0.35 mm long, approximately 1 / 3 of the dorsal trophophyll length, Fig. 1 B, C), margins with scattered teeth or cilia (Fig. 2 A). Ventral trophophylls close to imbricate, ascending, 1.20–1.45 × 0.45–0.62 mm, elliptic, base slightly asymmetric, rounded on both sides (Figs 1 D, 2 B), with the basiscopic side more developed, apex apiculate (Fig. 1 D), margins of the acroscopic proximal third ciliate (Fig. 1 E), the basiscopic proximal third nearly entire or minutely serrate, and the medial and distal thirds serrate (Fig. 1 F), cilia 60–100 µm in length, teeth 15–40 µm. Epidermis of trophophylls not preserved. Strobili not preserved.
description: Published as part of López-García, Ana G., Schmidt, Alexander R., Serguera, Maité & Regalado, Ledis, 2025, First record of Selaginella from Miocene amber, pp. 57-66 in Fossil Record 28 (1) on pages 57-66, DOI: 10.3897/fr.28.e138310
Remnant Fermi surface in the presence of an underlying instability in layered 1T-TaS_2
Creators: name: Pillo, Th.
name: Hayoz, J.
name: Berger, H.
name: Grioni, M.
name: Schlapbach, L.
name: Aebi, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report high resolution angle-scanned photoemission and Fermi surface (FS) mapping experiments on the layered transition-metal dichalcogenide 1T-TaS_2 in the quasi commensurate (QC) and the commensurate (C) charge-density-wave (CDW) phase. Instead of a nesting induced partially removed FS in the CDW phase we find a pseudogap over large portions of the FS. This remnant FS exhibits the symmetry of the one-particle normal state FS even when passing from the QC-phase to the C-phase. Possibly, this Mott localization induced transition represents the underlying instability responsible for the pseudogapped FS.
Modeling Health Video Consumption Behaviors on Social Media: Activities, Challenges, and Characteristics
Creators: name: Liu, Jiaying
name: Zhang, Yan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Many people now watch health videos, such as diet, exercise, mental health, COVID-19, and chronic disease videos, on social media. Most existing studies focused on video creators, leaving the motivations and practices of viewers underexplored. We interviewed 18 participants, surveyed 121 respondents, and derived a model characterizing consumers' video consumption practices on social media. The practices include five main activities: deciding to watch videos driven by various motivations, accessing videos on social media through a socio-technical ecosystem, watching videos to meet informational, emotional, and entertainment needs, evaluating the credibility and interestingness of videos, and using videos to achieve health goals. Through an iterative video consumption process, individuals strategically navigate across multiple platforms, seeking better accessibility, higher reliability, and cultivating a stronger motivation. They actively look for longer and more in-depth videos. We further identified challenges consumers face while consuming health videos on social media and discussed design implications and directions for future research.
description: 28 pages, 8 figures, Accepted by CSCW1 24
MOESM1 of Expression and secretion of a lytic polysaccharide monooxygenase by a fast-growing cyanobacterium
Creators: name: D. Russo
name: J. Zedler
name: D. Wittmann
name: B. Mรถllers
name: R. Singh
name: T. Batth
name: B. Oort
name: J. Olsen
name: M. Bjerrum
name: P. Jensen
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Additional file 1: Figure S1. PCR analysis of S. elongatus UTEX 2973 strains TfAA10A (pDAR3) and TorA-TfAA10A (pDAR21). Figure S2. Identification of the TorA signal peptide in the pre-protein TorA-TfAA10A, found in the plasma membrane fraction, by mass spectrometry. Figure S3. Identification of the secreted TfAA10A by mass spectrometry. Figure S4. Densitometric analysis of secreted TfAA10A. Figure S5. PASC oxidation by TfAA10A.
Length-constrained curve diffusion
Creators: name: McCoy, James
name: Wheeler, Glen
name: Wu, Yuhan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53C44, 58J35

description: We show that any initial closed curve suitably close to a circle flows under length-constrained curve diffusion to a round circle in infinite time with exponential convergence. We provide an estimate on the total length of time for which such curves are not strictly convex. We further show that there are no closed translating solutions to the flow and that the only closed rotators are circles.
description: 13 pages
Nondestructive, quantitative viability analysis of 3D tissue cultures using machine learning image segmentation
Creators: name: Trettner, Kylie J.
name: Hsieh, Jeremy
name: Xiao, Weikun
name: Lee, Jerry S. H.
name: Armani, Andrea M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Ascertaining the collective viability of cells in different cell culture conditions has typically relied on averaging colorimetric indicators and is often reported out in simple binary readouts. Recent research has combined viability assessment techniques with image-based deep-learning models to automate the characterization of cellular properties. However, further development of viability measurements to assess the continuity of possible cellular states and responses to perturbation across cell culture conditions is needed. In this work, we demonstrate an image processing algorithm for quantifying cellular viability in 3D cultures without the need for assay-based indicators. We show that our algorithm performs similarly to a pair of human experts in whole-well images over a range of days and culture matrix compositions. To demonstrate potential utility, we perform a longitudinal study investigating the impact of a known therapeutic on pancreatic cancer spheroids. Using images taken with a high content imaging system, the algorithm successfully tracks viability at the individual spheroid and whole-well level. The method we propose reduces analysis time by 97% in comparison to the experts. Because the method is independent of the microscope or imaging system used, this approach lays the foundation for accelerating progress in and for improving the robustness and reproducibility of 3D culture analysis across biological and clinical research.
description: 52 total pages, Main text and SI included, 35 figures (5 main text, 30 supplemental), 9 tables, 6 datasets (provided on linked GitHub), linked image files on Zenodo
Solutions with negative mass for the SU(2) Einstein-Yang-Mills equations
Creators: name: Zotov, M. Yu.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The aim of this note is to clarify the structure of nontrivial global solutions with nonpositive ADM mass for the static, spherically symmetric Einstein-Yang-Mills equations with SU(2) gauge group. The presented numerical results demonstrate that these solutions have zero number of nodes of the gauge field function. This is a feature that is present neither for particlelike nor for black hole solutions.
description: 12 pages including 8 figures (harvmac and epsf)
CoFeB/MgO/CoFeB structures with orthogonal easy axes: perpendicular anisotropy and damping
Creators: name: Głowiński, H.
name: Żywczak, A.
name: Wrona, J.
name: Krysztofik, A.
name: Gościańska, I.
name: Stobiecki, T.
name: Dubowik, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on the Gilbert damping parameter $α$, the effective magnetization $4πM_{eff}$, and the asymmetry of the $g$-factor in bottom-CoFeB(0.93~nm)/MgO(0.90--1.25~nm)/CoFeB(1.31~nm)-top as-deposited systems. Magnetization of CoFeB layers exhibits a specific noncollinear configuration with orthogonal easy axes and with $4πM_{eff}$ values of $+2.2$ kG and $-2.3$ kG for the bottom and top layers, respectively. We show that $4πM_{eff}$ depends on the asymmetry $g_\perp - g_\parallel$ of the $g$-factor measured in the perpendicular and the in-plane directions revealing a highly nonlinear relationship. In contrast, the Gilbert damping is practically the same for both layers. Annealing of the films results in collinear easy axes perpendicular to the plane for both layers. However, the linewidth is strongly increased due to enhanced inhomogeneous broadening.
Emissivity Statistics in Turbulent, Compressible MHD Flows and the Density-Velocity Correlation
Creators: name: Lazarian, Alex
name: Pogosyan, Dmitri
name: Vazquez-Semadeni, Enrique
name: Pichardo, Barbara
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we test the results of a recent analytical study by Lazarian and Pogosyan, on the statistics of emissivity in velocity channel maps, in the case of realistic density and velocity fields obtained from numerical simulations of MHD turbulence in the interstellar medium (ISM). To compensate for the lack of well-developed inertial ranges in the simulations due to the limited resolution, we apply a procedure for modifying the spectral slopes of the fields while preserving the spatial structures. We find that the density and velocity are moderately correlated in space and prove that the analytical results by Lazarian and Pogosyan hold in the case when these fields obey the fluid conservation equations. Our results imply that the spectra of velocity and density can be safely recovered from the position-position-velocity (PPV) data cubes available through observations, and confirm that the relative contributions of the velocity and density fluctuations to those of the emissivity depend on the velocity resolution used and on the steepness of the density spectral index. Furthermore, this paper supports previous reports that an interpretation of the features in the PPV data cubes as simple density enhancements (i.e., ``clouds'') can be often erroneous, as we observe that changes in the velocity statistics substantially modify the statistics of emissivity within the velocity data cubes.
description: 16 pages, 6 figures (18 ps files). Uses AASTEX. Accepted in ApJ
Evidence of nodal gap structure in the basal plane of the FeSe superconductor
Creators: name: Biswas, Pabitra K.
name: Kreisel, Andreas
name: Wang, Qisi
name: Adroja, Devashibhai T.
name: Hillier, Adrian D.
name: Zhao, Jun
name: Khasanov, Rustem
name: Orain, Jean-Christophe
name: Amato, Alex
name: Morenzoni, Elvezio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Identifying the symmetry of the wave function describing the Cooper pairs is pivotal in understanding the origin of high-temperature superconductivity in iron-based superconductors. Despite nearly a decade of intense investigation, the answer to this question remains elusive. Here we use the muon spin rotation/relaxation (muSR) technique to investigate the underlying symmetry of the pairing state of the FeSe superconductor, the basic building block of all iron-chalcogenide superconductors. Contrary to earlier muSR studies on powders and crystals, we show that while the superconducting gap is most probably anisotropic but nodeless along the crystallographic c-axis, it is nodal in the ab-plane, as indicated by the linear increase of the superfluid density at low temperature. We further show that the superconducting properties of FeSe display a less pronounced anisotropy than expected.
description: 13 Pages, 8 figures (Accepted in PRB Rapid)
Four-point renormalized coupling constant and Callan-Symanzik beta-function in O(N) models
Creators: name: Pelissetto, A.
name: Vicari, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate some issues concerning the zero-momentum four-point renormalized coupling constant g in the symmetric phase of O(N) models, and the corresponding Callan-Symanzik beta-function. In the framework of the 1/N expansion we show that the Callan- Symanzik beta-function is non-analytic at its zero, i.e. at the fixed-point value g^* of g. This fact calls for a check of the actual accuracy of the determination of g^* from the resummation of the d=3 perturbative g-expansion, which is usually performed assuming analyticity of the beta-function. Two alternative approaches are exploited. We extend the ε-expansion of g^* to O(ε^4). Quite accurate estimates of g^* are then obtained by an analysis exploiting the analytic behavior of g^* as function of d and the known values of g^* for lower-dimensional O(N) models, i.e. for d=2,1,0. Accurate estimates of g^* are also obtained by a reanalysis of the strong-coupling expansion of lattice N-vector models allowing for the leading confluent singularity. The agreement among the g-, ε-, and strong-coupling expansion results is good for all N. However, at N=0,1, ε- and strong-coupling expansion favor values of g^* which are sligthly lower than those obtained by the resummation of the g-expansion assuming analyticity in the Callan-Symanzik beta-function.
description: 35 pages (3 figs), added Ref. for GRT, some estimates are revised, other minor changes