cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Statistical learning in preclinical drug proarrhythmic assessment
Creators: name: Xi, Nan Miles
name: Hsu, Yu-Yi
name: Dang, Qianyu
name: Huang, Dalong Patrick
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Torsades de pointes (TdP) is an irregular heart rhythm characterized by faster beat rates and potentially could lead to sudden cardiac death. Much effort has been invested in understanding the drug-induced TdP in preclinical studies. However, a comprehensive statistical learning framework that can accurately predict the drug-induced TdP risk from preclinical data is still lacking. We proposed ordinal logistic regression and ordinal random forest models to predict low-, intermediate-, and high-risk drugs based on datasets generated from two experimental protocols. Leave-one-drug-out cross-validation, stratified bootstrap, and permutation predictor importance were applied to estimate and interpret the model performance under uncertainty. The potential outlier drugs identified by our models are consistent with their descriptions in the literature. Our method is accurate, interpretable, and thus useable as supplemental evidence in the drug safety assessment.
The Economics of Player Development in Professional Baseball
Creators: name: Ludlow, Dante
Publisher: name: Washington State University
Year: 2023

description: Professional baseball has a unique system of affiliated minor leagues that feed into the Major League rosters. In 2020 the number of low-level minor leagues was reduced, and the Amateur Draft shortened. This paper investigates the Major League value produced by developing players in the low minor leagues to determine the profitability of these affiliates. I summarize the history and evolution of minor league baseball and methods in which to evaluate player performance. Using an industry-standard Wins Above Replacement statistic, I create a model that values the future MLB production of players on a given minor league roster. To determine the viability of low minor leagues, I use historical roster data to estimate a break-even percentage of a player’s future Major League performance that must be attributable to their experience at a given minor league level. I use these metrics to argue for additional minor league affiliates because they suggest that profit-maximization of player development may not be attained by the current minor league structure.
What is the expected benefit of patient-centric clinical development in oncology?
Creators: name: Serra, Alessandra
name: Mozgunov, Pavel
name: Jaki, Thomas
name: Rigat, Fabio
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: The identification and quantification of predictive biomarkers characterize personalized medicine approaches and patient-centric clinical development. In practice, the sponsor needs evaluating whether biomarker-informed clinical development strategies are more likely to benefit current and future patients. To this end, a simple metric is proposed and assessed here quantifying the expected clinical benefit (ECB) of clinical development programmes. Using simulation scenarios and endpoints relevant to oncology, the ECB of a simple biomarker-informed strategy is shown to be specific and sensitive. Also, the ECB difference is shown to increase in the biomarker-driven incremental efficacy and with the population prevalence of biomarker-positive study participants.
Unrestricted Cash Windfalls and Nonprofit Operating Outcomes
Creators: name: Yonce, Scott Kiely
Publisher: name: Washington State University
Year: 2023
Subjects: Agency Theory
Cash Windfalls
Donor Crowd-out
Nonprofit
Pecking Order Theory
Accounting

description: Using e-filed Form 990 data, I construct a novel measure of unrestricted cash windfalls to examine the outcomes associated with windfalls for nonprofit organizations (NPOs). I find that NPOs that receive windfalls tend to focus more on program (i.e., mission-focused) spending and reduce debt. I find a delayed positive association between cash windfalls and CEO compensation and officer and director compensation, which suggests that executives may be rewarded for managing increased charitable output instead of being rewarded directly for cash windfalls. In additional analyses, I find that CEO turnover is positively associated with cash windfalls in the period after windfalls are received. I document a negative association between windfalls and future cash contributions, suggesting that windfall NPOs suffer from reduced fundraising performance, despite windfall NPOs maintaining similar fundraising efforts in the post-windfall period. Additional analyses indicate that the size of the windfall plays a role in determining operating outcomes. This study is important because it is the first to examine unrestricted cash windfalls in the nonprofit setting and it offers not only theoretical insights but also practical insights that should be of interest to the donors, directors, and executives of NPOs.
Ab Initio Calculations Targeting Chemically Accurate Thermochemical Properties of Actinide Molecules
Creators: name: Hunt, Ashley
Publisher: name: Washington State University
Year: 2023
Subjects: Actinide

description: Actinide molecules are fascinating to study, from their intrinsic role in nuclear energy to their significant relativistic effects. Computational efforts allow these molecules to be explored accurately with significantly fewer risks. Composite methods, such as the Feller-Peterson-Dixon (FPD) method, have had good success previously with accurately determining thermochemical properties of small actinide molecules. Here, FPD is used to explore the electron affinities of ThO and ThPt via the similar orbital character between O and Pt; the electron affinities of ThPtC as well as determine its appropriate ground state structure; and electron affinities, ionization potentials, and bond dissociation energies of uranium oxides and neptunium oxides. The values found were in excellent agreement with experimental measurements, if applicable, so long as the wavefunction could be adequately described as a single determinant. The bonding character of molecules of interest are also analyzed in this work.
High-Fat Diets Promote Peritoneal Inflammation and Aggravate Endometriosis-Associated Pain in a Mouse Model of Endometriosis
Creators: name: Herup-Wheeler, Tristin Lee
Publisher: name: Washington State University
Year: 2023
Subjects: High-Fat Diet
Mouse
Peritoneal
Endometriosis
Inflammation
Pain

description: Endometriosis is a chronic inflammatory disease with a complex symptomatic and pathobiological nature that affects about 10% of reproductive-aged women. It is a condition with a complex array of causes and disease phenotypes and is characterized by the presence of endometrial tissues growing outside of the uterus. While symptom severity may differ from patient to patient, common disease phenotypes include chronic pelvic pain, dyspareunia (painful intercourse), dysmenorrhea (painful periods), dysuria (painful urination), fatigue, and infertility. While there are a variety of risk factors for developing endometriosis, the effects of western, high-fat diets (HFD) are a growing concern, especially in the development of more severe symptoms. Typical high-fat western diets have been linked to greater systemic inflammation and dysmenorrhea, which makes it necessary to know how the altered physiology caused by HFD affects the severity of endometriosis symptoms. To study the effects of HFD on endometriosis, we used an innovative endometriosis mouse model that has been developed in Hayashi Lab to characterize whether HFD influence endometriosis-associated symptoms such as hyperalgesia (pain). Since both obesity and endometriosis are chronic inflammatory conditions, a comprehensive study of immune cells profiles in the peritoneal cavity, lesions, related inflammatory factors, and dorsal root ganglia (DRG) to assess alterations of peripheral nerves, was designed to provide necessary insight into the interplay of these diseases. We sought to examine how HFDs alter systemic and local immune environments in endometriosis and discern their contribution to endometriotic-associated hyperalgesia.
MULTIPLICADORES NO TREINAMENTO DO SISTEMA VIGIHOSP: RELATO DE EXPERIÊNCIA A PARTIR DO ENSINO TEÓRICO-PRÁTICO EM GERÊNCIA HOSPITALAR
Creators: name: Bruna Ferreira Lima, Ferreira Lima, B
name: Katerine Moraes dos Santos, Katerine Moraes dos Santos
name: Eliane Salgueiro da Silva Petito, Eliane Salgueiro da Silva Petito
name: Cecília Teixeira da Silva, Cecília Teixeira da Silva
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Este artigo trata-se de um relato de experiência que ocorreu durante o ensino teórico-prático na disciplina de gerência hospitalar em um hospital universitário vinculado a uma Universidade Federal no Estado do Rio de Janeiro. Sendo identificado pela autora principal, acadêmica do 7º período do curso de graduação em enfermagem em conjunto com as preceptoras, enfermeiras do serviço, e acadêmicas do último período da graduação, a necessidade de realizar um treinamento ao acesso ao sistema de Vigilância em Saúde e Gestão de Riscos Assistenciais Hospitalares (Vigihosp), este voltado para realização de notificações compulsórias. Observou-se que no setor somente uma enfermeira realizava as notificações, haviam poucos treinamentos para acessar a plataforma, muitas vezes os eventos não eram notificados e o material do usuário era pouco didático, impactando na qualidade do serviço ofertado. Objetivo: Diante desse cenário, foi necessário a realização de um treinamento mais didático, visando sanar dúvidas e melhorar a qualidade do serviço. Métodos: A metodologia foi baseada em simplificar o manual do usuário da plataforma já existente e tornar mais didático, realizando o treinamento com os profissionais com o passo a passo de como concluir a notificação. Sendo assim, foi utilizado como planejamento o canva, plataforma de designer e criação de conteúdos diversos, contendo informações e prints da plataforma explicando cada espaço a ser preenchido e sua importância dentro de cada categoria da queixa.
Impact of Quinoa and Food Processing Methods on the Human Gut Microbiome Through in Vitro Fermentation
Creators: name: Connolly, Devin
Publisher: name: Washington State University
Year: 2023
Subjects: Gut Microbiome

description: Quinoa stands out as a nutrient dense grain due to its composition of carbohydrates, lipids, vitamins, minerals, phytonutrients and complete profile of essential amino acids. There is a paucity of research investigating how food preparation methods alter phytonutrients, particularly polyphenols, in plant-based foods which ultimately affect gut microbiome composition and human health. This study consolidates scientific knowledge on what is known about quinoa seeds, their response to processing methods, and interaction with the digestive system, including the gut microbiome. Additionally, we conducted an in vitro experiment that illuminates the Total Polyphenol Content (TPC) and gut microbiome changes due to raw and processed quinoa exposure. This study found boiling quinoa increases the TPC significantly (p < 0.05) and subsequent digestion further increases TPC in all quinoa samples. Fecal fermentation trials with digested quinoa substrates, derived from raw and processed samples, displayed elevated levels of probiotic genera, Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium, compared to control fermentation batches. High concentrations of polyphenols in quinoa is likely the cause for the proliferation of these particular genera. A 24-hour delay between observed increases in the specified genera highlight time as an important variable to consider for in vitro experiments. Two distinct enterotypes emerged within the samples that exhibited differing compositional developments. Specifically, one enterotype contained considerable abundances of Lactobacillaceae bacteria whereas the second enterotype contained diminutive abundances of this family. The resultant abundances illustrate the value of Lactobacillaceae in deterring pathogenic bacteria, while also emphasizing quinoa’s value in stimulating the proliferation of beneficial gut microbiota. These preliminary findings underscore quinoa’s prebiotic characteristics while also illuminating the need for further research in identifying correlations between in vitro fermentation time and human gut microbiome responses.
Undergraduate Students’ Perceptions of a Hybrid Field Trip in Natural Resource Ecology
Creators: name: Aumell, Aidan
Publisher: name: Washington State University
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Hybrid Field Trips
subject: Perceptions
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Environmental Science
subject: Higher Education
subject: Virtual Reality

description: Field trips are an important component in environmental education. In recent times, the ability to provide field trips has been impacted due to the shift to online instruction caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. Courses had to remove or create a virtual alternative for the activity. As classrooms return to the physical classrooms a question is raised in how virtual field trips could support physical field trips in a hybrid format. The Universal Design for Learning (UDL) guidelines, created by the Center for Applied Special Education Technology, provides educators with one possible theoretical explanation for why providing students with both a virtual and physical field trip may support students to learn in ecology. The UDL framework describes both the physical and virtual field trip may be beneficial for students because students will have access to more options for representation and engagement of the field site or activity. Unfortunately, literature on the connections of UDL to physical field trip and virtual field trips in environmental science is sparse. Therefore, the aim of this study was to construct student perceptions of the hybrid field trip and investigate if any relationships exist between the UDL and the hybrid field trip.v
description: This research was conducted at Washington State University in an online undergraduate course in the School of the Environment, titled Natural Resource Ecology (SoE-300). The course provided a hybrid field trip to students in the spring of 2022. Students’ perceptions were collected from an online survey which included multiple choice and open ended questions. Students expressed mostly positive attitudes and valued the hybrid field trip in the course. Many students believed the hybrid field trip supported their access and ability to learn about the field site. Some students showed a strong preference for the physical field trip. The study found connections between students’ perceptions and UDL, specifically in relation to the principle of representation and engagement. Students believed the hybrid field trip provided multiple means to perceive and comprehend information from the field site. Furthermore, some students believed both options supported their ability to become interested in and engaged with the site.
title: Hyperspectral Imaging
title: a Potential Novel Tool for Rapid Microbial Identification
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Sekhon, Amninder Singh
Publisher: name: Washington State University
Year: 2023
Subjects: dairy
food safety and quality
foodborne pathogens
Hyperspectral imaging
rapid microbial identification
Salmonella

description: Hyperspectral imaging (HSI) technology is a combination of conventional imaging and spectroscopic techniques, which has a unique ability to simultaneously acquire both the spatial and spectral data of a specimen. The HSI is a novel optical tool in food processing that has a great potential for rapidly identifying bacteria (and possibly other microorganisms) at the cellular and colony levels. This study evaluated the efficacy of the custom-assembled HSI system for the rapid identification of pathogens in dairy products (whole milk and whole milk powder) at the colony and cellular levels. The colony and cellular levels studies were designed as completely randomized with six replications. Three strains of Listeria monocytogenes, four strains of Escherichia coli O157: H7, one strain each of Big Six Shiga toxin-producing E. coli, three strains of Staphylococcus aureus, and ten serovars of Salmonella were used in this study. Pure cultures were streaked for isolation on respective selective media, and hyperspectral data (400-1,100 nm wavelength) at the colony and cellular levels were collected and stored as reference libraries. Whole milk and whole milk powder were artificially inoculated (<10 CFU/g or mL) with individual pathogenic strains/serovars. All milk and milk powder samples were enriched using Brain Heart Infusion (BHI) broth at 37°C for 24 h, streaked for isolation on the respective selective media, and hyperspectral data for individual pathogenic strains/serovars at the colony and cellular levels were acquired and treated as test samples data. The acquired colony or cellular images were imported into ENVI software, and three regions of interest were selected for each image to obtain hyperspectral data for reference libraries and test samples. Using the kNN classifier and cross-validation technique, overall classification accuracies of 90.38 and 34% were obtained for the colony and cellular level identification, respectively. The individual classification accuracies of pathogens in dairy products at the colony level varied between 77.5 to 100%, whereas the accuracy varied between 2.78 and 49.17% for the cellular level.
Imagination for better not worse: The Hobbit in the primary classroom
Creators: name: Carroll, Maureen
Publisher: name: Australian Catholic University
Year: 2004

description: This thesis argues for the power of story and, in particular, the story of The Hobbit by J.R.R. Tolkien to help build optimism and hope. The Hobbit is under-used in primary schools and this thesis demonstrates that it is eminently suitable for children. Without imagination children are vulnerable to sadness and despair. The positive development of imagination through heroic tales is likely to benefit children emotionally and psychologically. The story of The Hobbit can be utilised to develop the concept of the Hero's Journey, a persistent trope in oral and recorded literature and an archetype for virtually all human experience. In addition, the thesis shows that critical thinking skills and multiple intelligences can be developed through the use of The Hobbit.
Learning About Neutron Stars & Black Holes Using Multi-Messenger Observations of Binary Systems
Creators: name: Tiwari, Praveer
Publisher: name: Washington State University
Year: 2023

description: In this dissertation, we further our understanding of black holes and neutron stars by combining information from various astrophysical observations, theoretical calculations, and terrestrial experiments. We start by understanding the properties of these two objects when they occur as binaries and learn about different ways through which we can characterize them. In the second chapter, we detail a machine-learning model that we developed to facilitate early alerts for the detection of gravitational waves from binary black holes. In the following chapter, we detail the framework through which we can characterize a neutron star. We discuss the mathematical formulation of equations that govern the structure of a neutron star. This is followed by constraining the parameters of the equation of state model for a neutron star using nuclear theory calculations and observations from binary neutron stars and pulsars. Finally, we discuss about the dynamics of superfluid neutrons in the inner crust of a neutron star and probe how it can lead to pulsar glitches.
description: The machine learning model was successful in reducing the characterization of binary black holes from gravitational waves by an order of magnitude. On the other hand, the framework developed in this work to constrain the parameters of the equation of state model could consistently combine the uncertainties from chiral effective field theory calculations, phenomenological-potential based nuclear calculations, and astrophysical observations. Finally, we developed a 1D shallow water equation to model the dissipation in the 3D Gross-Pitaevskii Equation that governs the dynamics inside a Bose-Einstein Condensate. This formulation would be useful in modeling the dissipation in the inner crust of the neutron star.
Education Rights of Rohingya Refugees Children in Bangladesh: An Analysis
Creators: name: Alif Ovi, Dewan
name: Mridha, Tanvira
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Law
subject: FOS: Law
subject: 180114 Human Rights Law
subject: 180107 Conflict of Laws (Private International Law)
subject: 180119 Law and Society

description: In today's world, the rights of Rohingya refugees are very debatable. Our topic is The Educational rights of Rohingya Refugees Children in Bangladesh (an analysis). There are some social, cultural, and language barriers to providing education rights to Rohingya children and Bangladesh is not also under an obligation to do so as Bangladesh hasn’t signed the 1951 convention of refugees. So basically the research is based on how to ensure the right of Rohingya children otherwise in its absence. We also tried to understand the problems, the gaps, the Bangladesh situation, and international instruments. A big question is Bangladesh has been under the duty to secure the interest of refugee education and the explanation on that by which law and convention are labile or not for refugee children's education. Bangladesh has not signed the Refugee Convention. So that, Bangladesh is not legally bound to ensure that right and no law regulates and for the administration of refugee affairs in Bangladesh or guarantees the rights of refugees. There are a lot of Refugees in Bangladesh but because Bangladesh is not a signatory state of the 1951 convention, that's why they are known as Asylum Seekers.
Estimation of the Contribution of Biological Nitrogen Fixation to the Nitrogen Budget in a Freshwater Lake
Creators: name: Baxter, Riley Ann
Publisher: name: Washington State University
Year: 2023
Subjects: Fixation
Isotope
Loads
Nitrogen
Nutrient
Phosphorus

description: Nitrogen (N) is an essential nutrient for all organisms. A lack of N can limit primary production, but an excess of N can cause harmful algal blooms and consequences to freshwater quality. Freshwater environments contain N fixing organisms whose contribution to the N cycle through organic inputs remains unclear because their N fixation rates and controls are understudied.  Without knowing how much N comes into the freshwater ecosystem from fixation, it is difficult to fully understand food webs, N cycling and difficult to manage nutrient pollution. This research addressed the question of how much N fixation contributes to the N budget of a freshwater lake in northeast Washington State. We measured N fixation rates in cyanobacteria and sediment bacteria using a 15N2 tracer method during an in-lab incubation. No correlation was found between N fixation rates and the environment’s temperature, dissolved oxygen (mg/L), percent dissolved oxygen, pH, conductivity, nor total N and total phosphorus (P) water concentrations. However, a slight positive relationship between N:P rates in the water’s surface and N fixation was observed. Although the rates we measured were extremely low, we still found that the contribution of N from lake diazotrophs was similar to that of N inputs coming from allochthonous sources during autumn, suggesting that N fixation is seasonally important.
Wiggle-Free Leapfrog Scheme and an Application of the Operator Splitting Method for Tracking Contaminant Transport
Creators: name: Rao, Priyanka
Publisher: name: Washington State University
Year: 2023

description: This dissertation presents the construction of some innovative numerical methods that approximate certain partial differential equations of practical interest. Partial differential equations are found to be useful in describing physical phenomena in the real-world and model problems encountered in engineering, technology and the life sciences. The numerical methods proposed and constructed in this thesis are motivated by the idea of simplifying some complex computational approaches. We first study the numerical approximation of the advection equation which has been of interest to the weather research community and other fluid flow researchers, using the leapfrog scheme and thereby investigate the unwanted dispersive wiggles that arise from the leapfrog scheme. We develop a computationally efficient numerical method that simply eliminates the dispersive wiggles while keeping the solution profile intact. We extend our approach and implement it to enhance the Robert-Asselin (RA) filter that is widely used in weather modeling for controlling leapfrog scheme’s wiggles. The numerical method that we implement successfully controls the wiggles and holds the amplitude of the solution profile. We further extend our work by introducing a dispersion term to the advection problem and study the advection – dispersion equation (ADE). The ADE is widely used to describe the physical phenomena encountered in various engineering problems and life processes. We study the ADE to understand the contaminant transport as it describes the advection (movement) and dispersion (spread) of a contaminant plume. We present a new numerical discretization using the operator splitting method to solve the ADE forward in time and after successful validation of the method, we use it along with variable transformation to solve the ADE backward in time. We present the numerical simulations to validate our method and its effectiveness of the numerical approximation to capture the solution profiles. We, also, construct a new discretization to approximate an ADE that involves the sorption process along with advection and dispersion. For every numerical method that is developed in the following chapters, we determine its stability and present any conditions that determine how any associated parameters are chosen.
Onion Market Dynamics: Integration and Price Transmission across Key Indian Markets
Creators: name: Nayak, S Harshitha
name: Srivastava, Shivendra Kumar
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: Analysis of agricultural commodity price and market arrivals over time is important to know the fluctuations. It helps to formulate appropriate ways and means for reducing price fluctuations. Hence, trend, seasonal indices and variability in arrivals and prices of onion were studied in selected markets viz., Bengaluru, Mumbai, Ahmedabad and Pune. The secondary monthly data pertaining to arrivals and prices of onion in the above mentioned four markets was collected from agmarknet website for the period of 15 years i.e., from 2009 to 2023. The co- integration between markets was analyzed using Johansen’s co-integration test and the pairwise causality between markets was analyzed using Granger causality test. The trend analysis shows the positive trend in both arrivals and prices in all the four markets. Variability of prices was found pretty higher than that of market arrival. The result also revealed that all of the price series were non stationary at level and stationary at first difference. Presence of co- integration among the sample markets and price transmission from one market to another market excluding one or two markets was established.
Factors relating to women attaining principal positions in Victoria's government secondary schools: A case study
Creators: name: Ertan, Naciye
Publisher: name: Australian Catholic University
Year: 2004

description: Regardless of the promotion structures employed within the different educational systems of this country, men dominate the position of Principal of secondary schools. Despite legislation seeking to provide equality of opportunity and the apparent breaking down of deeply entrenched societal attitudes of women being the servers or followers, there still exist factors that give rise to the under-representation of women in Principal positions of secondary schools. This thesis was designed to investigate issues associated with the apparent gender imbalance in Principal positions in Victoria's government secondary schools. It will attempt to identify elements that have militated against women gaining such positions.
The Principal's leadership role in the spiritual formation of teachers in Catholic schools: A case study in one educational system
Creators: name: Bracken, Anthony
Publisher: name: Australian Catholic University
Year: 2004

description: This study arose out of experiences within the Parramatta Diocese, a large diocese located on the western edge of Sydney, associated with spiritual formation programs and initiatives within the diocese between 4 990 and 2004. These experiences reinforced the pivotal role of principals in encouraging and facilitating teacher spiritual formation and also identified a lack of role definition for principals in this area. The importance of the spiritual formation of teachers to the authenticity and vitality of Catholic schools signalled a need to clarify the principal's leadership role in the spiritual formation of teachers in Catholic schools in the Parramatta Diocese. The case study methodology utilised different data collecting methods including individual and group interviews, survey, document analysis and observation to draw different perspectives from teachers, principals, and personnel from the Catholic Education Office, Parramatta. The research explored the range of spiritual formation experiences valued by teachers, both within structured programs and in the day-to-day experiences within schools. It identified responses of teachers to spiritual formation, the challenges in this area, and the role of principals. The research findings suggest that the principal's leadership roles in the spiritual formation of teachers apply at the every-day cultural level of school experiences for teachers, where the principal shapes and strengthens experiences of Catholic culture for teachers, and the school community; at the whole school level, where the principal has a key role in strategic planning in relation to spiritual formation, in extending individual consideration to teachers, and in nurturing teacher leadership and co-leadership; and finally, at the diocesan level, where the principal has a stewardship role with other principals in relation to the long term spiritual formation of teachers.;At the diocesan level the principal also participates in collaborative alliances with diocesan personnel which increase opportunities for teacher spiritual formation A fundamental leadership responsibility for principals is to nurture a spiritual base to their own leadership. Support for the spiritual formation of newly appointed principals and those aspiring to the role should be a system priority and would augment initiatives currently in place for experienced principals in the diocese. The research findings point to multiple leadership roles for principals in the spiritual formation of teachers. These findings expand and elaborate the existing role description for principals in Catholic schools in the Parramatta Diocese.
title: No Small Potatoes
title: Molecular and Landscape Approaches to Understanding Beet Leafhopper Populations and Pathogen Transmission in the Columbia River Basin
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Foutz, Jillian Joyce
Publisher: name: Washington State University
Year: 2023
Subjects: decision aid system
pathogen detection
population dynamics
Landscape Ecology

description: The beet leafhopper (BLH; Circulifer tenellus (Baker); Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) is a serious pest of potato and other crops in the Columbia River Basin. This insect is the primary vector of multiple plant pathogens, historically including beet curly top virus and, more recently, “Candidatus Phytoplasma trifolii.” BLH is known to be highly polyphagous and develops largely on non-crop weedy host plants. Current management practices for BLH and the pathogens it transmits consist of applications of insecticide on a regular schedule throughout the growing season. BLH are heavily monitored for population and pathogen outbreaks, but many questions remain about where and when they develop, and what role host plants play in the epidemiology of pathogens spread by BLH. Here, I examine different trapping methodologies and seasonal trends in BLH host plant use and pathogen presence to determine how management practices could be improved with a better understanding of BLH behavior.
description: First, I used different trap types and placements to assess BLH capture rates and incidence of pathogens. BLH adults and nymphs were monitored in four trials at different times of year with commonly-used yellow sticky card traps and prototype 3D-printed preservative traps, each placed at ground level or 1 m height. I found that traps at ground level consistently captured more BLH, and that sticky cards generally captured significantly more BLH than preservative traps except in autumn. There were not significant differences in pathogen prevalence between trap types, but sticky cards captured more insects at times when pathogen incidence was higher. Results indicate that multiple factors, such as life stage, infection status, and seasonality may be interacting to affect BLH trap attraction. Trends observed highlight the need to understand the behavior of BLH and other vectors with respect to accurate monitoring.
description: Next, I surveyed weedy sites adjacent to potato fields in the Columbia River Basin in 2019, 2020, and 2021. BLH adults and nymphs were sampled from weeds present seasonally at each site and were screened for the presence of Ca. P. trifolii along with plant tissue samples. I observed seasonal trends in BLH non-crop host plant use and phytoplasma infection. Results suggest that BLH likely infect potato and other crops when key spring weed hosts senesce, forcing BLH to disperse and search for summer hosts. Understanding the seasonal use and infection status of important BLH host plants may allow for improved monitoring techniques and earlier detection of population and pathogen outbreaks.
Effects of a Semen Extender Treated with Coenzyme Q10-Ubiquinol on the Quality of Thawed Ram Semen
Creators: name: Arroyo, Eduardo
Publisher: name: Washington State University
Year: 2023
Subjects: reactive oxygen species
ruminants
sperm
Antioxidants

description: The study aimed to explore whether the addition of 150μmol/L Coenzyme Q10 - ubiquinol(treatment) to a glycerol extender improved the quality of ram semen cryopreserved when compared to the results for the same extender without the addition of ubiquinol (control). Semen from 6 mature Suffolk rams was collected by electroejaculation on 6 occasions during the breeding season and the semen from each collection was pooled. Aliquots of the pooled semen were processed and frozen then thawed following the addition of the control or ubiquinol-treated extender. Computer assisted sperm analysis (CASA) evaluated the sperm motility and kinetic parameters. Plasma membrane integrity was determined a measure of viability. Measurements were made 10, 20, 60 and 120 min after thawing. Progressive motility was higher in ubiquinol- treated semen samples (P < 0.0001). Curvilinear velocity (P =0.002) straight line velocity (P =0.003) and time average velocity (P =0.001) were higher in the samples cryopreserved with the ubiquinol-treated extender. Spermatozoa tended to be more viable in samples in which the extender was treated with ubiquinol (P = 0.07). There were time-related decreases in the values of all variables regardless of whether they had the control or treated extender added. Ubiquinol improved the quality of cryopreserved ram semen by improving progressive motility and sperm kinetics and tended to also increase viability.
Characteristics and Health Behaviors Associated with Latinx and Non-Latinx White Adolescent Fruit and Vegetable Intake
Creators: name: Iniguez, Anaderi
Publisher: name: Washington State University
Year: 2023
Subjects: fruit vegetable intake
fruits and vegetables
health behaviors
Latinx

description: Adolescent fruit and vegetable intake (FVI) remains below the national dietary recommendations, creating a public health dilemma as a diet high in fruit and vegetables is known to be protective against both chronic disease and depression. The theoretical frameworks utilized in this paper include the prevention science framework and ecological systems theory. The purpose of this paper is to investigate individual and family level characteristics and behaviors associated with Latinx adolescent FVI.A secondary analysis was performed using data from 10th grade students living in Washington state who completed the 2018 Healthy Youth Survey. The factors that will be examined in relation to fruit and vegetable intake in this paper include sex, body mass index (BMI), dietary behaviors, physical activity, screen time, acculturation, maternal education, and low-income. Non-Latinx adolescents were used as a comparison group. Separate bivariate correlations were performed between FVI and the independent variables for each group. An independent t-test was also performed to examine differences in FVI among both groups. Separate multiple logistic regressions were conducted to determine which of the variables predicted meeting FVI recommendations for each group.
description: Among non-Latinx White (NLW) adolescents all of the individual level behaviors were significantly correlated with FVI, but for Latinx adolescents only aerobic and muscle-strengthening activity were significantly correlated with FVI. NLW adolescents’ (M=3.02, SD=1.51) FVI significantly differed compared to Latinx adolescents’ (M=2.91, SD=1.55). The multiple logistic regressions revealed both groups had similar factors that predicted meeting FVI recommendations, but differed among a few of the factors (e.g., regular family dinners, screen time, maternal education).
description: Continuing to investigate the factors associated with Latinx adolescent FVI is vital to inform the design of culturally responsive nutrition education interventions and should remain a public health priority. Ultimately, environmental and policy level strategies are needed to increase accessibility and affordability of fresh fruits and vegetables to increase the number of adolescents’ meeting FVI recommendations.
Development of the Medication Adherence Skills Assessment – Verbal Strategy Subtask
Creators: name: Sumida, Catherine
Publisher: name: Washington State University
Year: 2023
Subjects: activities of daily living
cognition
geropsychology
medication management
prospective memory
treatment compliance

description: Introduction: Important medication adherence skills include strategies to support remembering to take medication or prospective memory (PM), remembering what medications were taken or retrospective memory (RM), and organizing medications into a dose regimen or dose efficiency (DE). However, no measure assesses these important strategy skills. To fill this gap, the current study developed the Medication Adherence Skills Assessment – Verbal Strategy subtask. Method: Forty-two older adults participated in this three-testing session tele-health study. Participants were presented seven different hypothetical medication regimen scenarios (MRS) for which they verbally provided different strategies and their medication regimen plan. Their responses were coded into PM and RM strategies as well as a DE score (i.e., how much they combined medication doses together). Participants also completed a battery of cognitive and self-report measures, including self-reported measures assessing PM, RM, executive functioning and personal medication strategies. Results: Inter-rater reliability was above .90 for the RM, PM and DE variable. Cronbach’s alphas were .90 for PM, .91 for RM and .69 for DE. Low correlations were found between PM, RM and DE variables. Divergent validity was demonstrated by low correlations with self-reported mobility and semantic fluency measures. For convergent validity, participant’s PM and RM scores related to self-reported everyday medication strategies. The DE variable did not relate to any hypothesized cognitive or self-reported cognitive problems or medication strategies. However, an interesting pattern was observed where participants tended to prioritize PM strategies, especially routine reminders, rather than using a simpler dose regimen (DE). Discussion: Preliminary inter-rater and internal consistency reliability and construct validity were demonstrated for PM and RM. Only inter-rater reliability was demonstrated for DE at this time. The sample’s characteristics, which may have contributed to variability in developing a dose regimen and influenced DE’s internal consistency and validity are discussed. Currently, no medication strategy development measure exists. This study’s coding methods and results may provide researchers with tools in understanding some older adult approaches to medication strategy development for PM, RM and DE. Although additional research is needed, observed trade-offs between routine reminders and DE may have future clinical implications in medication strategy development between patient and medical teams.
A compra de medicamentos por parte do setor público brasileiro1
Creators: name: Maciel, Vladimir Fernandes
name: Antonio, Allan Augusto Gallo
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Compra de Medicamentos, SUS,

description: O objetivo deste documento é descrever a aquisição de medicamentos por parte do setor público brasileiro, numa tentativa de identificar os pontos fortes e fracos dos procedimentos atuais. Considerado como um todo, o Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) do Brasil é o maior adquirente de medicamentos do mundo e esse item é uma de suas maiores despesas. Somente no programa “Farmácia Popular” (subsídios aos consumidores para compra de medicamentos básicos ou de uso contínuo) o orçamento de 2020, em tempos de pandemia, a previsão era gastar R$ 3 bilhões (US$ 600 milhões) em 20204 - e isto é apenas uma parte das despesas realizadas pelo SUS. Tendo em vista que seu custeio é feito por meio dos orçamentos públicos (recursos dos pagadores de impostos), o uso eficiente e eficaz desses recursos deve ser sempre buscado. É com esse intuito que escrevemos este breve artigo técnico.
Redesigning the principalship in Catholic schools
Creators: name: Cannon, Helen
Publisher: name: Australian Catholic University
Year: 2004

description: The purpose of this research was to determine how the role of the principal in the Catholic school could be redesigned so that more quality applicants are prepared to seek principalship and principals already in the role could be retained. The catalyst for this study derived from the shortage of suitable applicants for the position of principal, a problem that exists not only in Australia, but also in many Western countries. An exploratory mixed method design was chosen for the study with the data gathering divided into two phases. The first phase was the qualitative phase during which the data were gathered using focus group interviews and analysed using QSR N6. The second phase was the quantitative phase, where the data were collected using a survey constructed from the data gathered and analysed in the first phase. This research project asked the question, how can the principalship be redesigned to attract more quality applicants to the role and retain incumbents already in the role? The research revealed that, to answer the question a fundamental rethinking of the principalship is necessary and that such momentous change requires nothing less than a paradigm shift. The new paradigm would be based on sharing leadership rather than on an hierarchical approach. It would have structures that are flexible and customised to the local needs of the school and school community. Learning would be central and a work/life balance would be essential, for all principals. The new paradigm would also offer enough flexibility to encourage women to both take up, and remain in, principalship. The findings from this research led to the development of nine propositions, which, it is suggested, should inform and influence the new paradigm of principalship. Together with the recommendations, they provide a scaffold and a guide to action for redesigning the principalship.
title: “Designed That Way”
title: Structural Economic Exploitation Within Intimate Partner Violence
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Klein, Kimberly  C.
Publisher: name: Washington State University
Year: 2023
Subjects: Economic Abuse
Intimate Partner Violence
Qualitative
Structural Economic Exploitation
Public Policy

description: Within the range of intimate partner violence (IPV) research on economic abuse (EA), there is a gap concerning exploitation via systems and structures. Using a constructivist grounded theory approach for this exploratory qualitative study, semi-structured interviews were conducted with professionals working in eight key systems that IPV survivors interact with regularly: Child Support, Child Protective Services, Credit, Family Law, Healthcare, Housing, Immigration, and Welfare. The interviews were coded and analyzed, with results showing inextricable links between systems exploitation and IPV economic abuse, with strong evidence of the need to examine such abuse as an autonomous subclassification of EA. Tentatively coined Structural Economic Exploitation (SEE), such systems-related abuse is an effective method to establish power and maintain control over a partner through the use of coercion, threats, and violence. Economic abuse is a primary reason why victims are unable to leave or return to an abusive relationship, and the long-term consequences of experiencing EA are severe. Socialization, binary gender roles, and normalization of many EA experiences contribute to identification issues. The analysis revealed that ultimately, IPV support systems can be exploited by abusers because the systems themselves are exploitative. Potential policy recommendations and areas for further SEE research were also identified, including suggestions for IPV prevention and intervention through systemic change rather than individual behavioral change.