cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
CdTe Module Degradation during Dry and Damp Accalerated Aging Tests in Respect to the Leakage Current Pathway
Creators: name: Gerstenberg, L.
name: Panda, P.K.
name: Voswinckel, S.
name: Wesselak, V.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2020
Subjects: Photovoltaic Modules and BoS Components
PV Module Design, Manufacture, Performance and Reliability

description: 37th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 960-966
description: For superstrate CdTe thin-film PV modules, potential induced degradation manifests itself as TCO corrosion. Negative bias from the cell to ground and ingress of water cause corrosion and delamination of the TCO layer. The flowing leakage current, caused by the system potential, takes several pathways through the module. A leakage current analysis showed that the leakage current mainly flows through the front glass. Following the analysis, both a Bias Dry Heat Test (85 °C, 20 % r.H.) and a Bias Damp Heat Test (85 °C, 85 % r.H.) were carried out. During both tests, six modules were used in each test, of which two were contacted via the front glass, two via the rear glass and two via the frame. In both tests the modules with front contact failed to 0 W after 120 h Bias Dry Heat Test and 165 h Bias Damp Heat Test. There was no corrosion visible after the dry test. After the damp test, both frame and front contacted modules showed visible TCO corrosion. Modules contacted at the back lost power during both tests and EL images show a reduced active cell area after Bias Damp Heat Test.
Automating QCD amplitudes with on-shell methods
Creators: name: Badger, Simon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We review some of the modern approaches to scattering amplitude computations in QCD and their application to precision LHC phenomenology. We emphasise the usefulness of momentum twistor variables in parameterising general amplitudes.
description: 8 pages, proceedings contribution to ACAT 2016, Valparaiso, Chile, 18-22 Jan 2016
Glacier mass loss in the Alaknanda basin, Garhwal Himalaya on a decadal scale
Creators: name: Remya, S. N.
name: Kulkarni, Anil V.
name: Syed, Tajdarul Hassan
name: Nainwal, Harish Chandra
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: The Himalayan glaciers significantly contribute to the largest river systems like the Indus, Ganga, and the Brahmaputra. The change in glacial area and mass can affect the mountain community and people living in the Indo-Gangetic plain. The present study adopted the geodetic method to estimate the elevation change and mass budget of 61 glaciers in the Alaknanda Basin, using the satellite data of Cartosat-1 (2011, 2014, 2017) and SRTM (2000). Besides, the DEM of 1962 (SOI Toposheet) and 2000 (SRTM) is used to estimate the mass budget of Satopanth (SPG) and Bhagirath Kharak glaciers (BKG). The field debris thickness of SPG (2015-2017) is compared with the elevation change (2000-2017). Further, we have compared the mass loss of the glaciers with their volume. The results suggest the sustained mass loss of 1.85 ± 0.10 Gt out of 33.9 ± 8.8 Gt for 61 glaciers in the basin from 2000-2017. The mass loss of SPG and BKG during 2000-2017 is 0.20 ± 0.02 Gt and 0.24 ± 0.03 Gt, whereas from 1962 to 2000, is 0.083 ± 0.03 Gt and 0.091 ± 0.04 Gt, respectively. The analysis facilitates a better understanding of glacier mass changes in the Alaknanda basin on a multi-decadal scale.
Single-Step Fabrication of a Photovoltaic Module Using Encapsulants with Low Melting Temperature Metal Ribbons Embedded
Creators: name: Shin, D.-Y.
name: Lim, J.-R.
name: Shin, W.G.
name: Lee, C.-G.
name: Kang, G.-H.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2020
Subjects: Photovoltaic Modules and BoS Components
PV Module Design, Manufacture, Performance and Reliability

description: 37th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 967-969
description: Flexible and light photovoltaic modules are demanded for being installed on the surfaces of curved objects, aesthetic buildings, electric vehicles, and so forth. Accordingly, thin silicon solar cells with high photoconversion efficiency and mechanical flexibility are being paid attention. However, they are vulnerable to thermal shock which results from a high temperature soldering method, and thermomechanical stress which occurs a molten solder alloy is solidified. In addition, they hardly endure mechanical stresses which occur in the layup process. Here, a novel interconnection method is presented using encapsulants with low melting temperature metal ribbons embedded. The low temperature process and the elimination of tabbing and stringing processes not only greatly reduce a break loss of thin silicon solar cells but also simplify the fabrication steps of silicon photovoltaic modules. The resulting silicon photovoltaic modules exhibits a relative photoconversion efficiency of 99.9±0.6% with respect to conventional silicon photovoltaic modules.
title: Towards a Peaceful Development of Cyberspace - Challenges and Technical Measures for the De-escalation of State-led Cyberconflicts and Arms Control of Cyberweapons
Creators: name: Reinhold, Thomas
Publisher: name: UNSPECIFIED
Year: 2023

description: Cyberspace, already a few decades old, has become a matter of course for most of us, part of our everyday life. At the same time, this space and the global infrastructure behind it are essential for our civilizations, the economy and administration, and thus an essential expression and lifeline of a globalized world. However, these developments also create vulnerabilities and thus, cyberspace is increasingly developing into an intelligence and military operational area – for the defense and security of states but also as a component of offensive military planning, visible in the creation of military cyber-departments and the integration of cyberspace into states' security and defense strategies. In order to contain and regulate the conflict and escalation potential of technology used by military forces, over the last decades, a complex tool set of transparency, de-escalation and arms control measures has been developed and proof-tested. Unfortunately, many of these established measures do not work for cyberspace due to its specific technical characteristics. Even more, the concept of what constitutes a weapon – an essential requirement for regulation – starts to blur for this domain. Against this background, this thesis aims to answer how measures for the de-escalation of state-led conflicts in cyberspace and arms control of cyberweapons can be developed. In order to answer this question, the dissertation takes a specifically technical perspective on these problems and the underlying political challenges of state behavior and international humanitarian law in cyberspace to identify starting points for technical measures of transparency, arms control and verification. Based on this approach of adopting already existing technical measures from other fields of computer science, the thesis will provide proof of concepts approaches for some mentioned challenges like a classification system for cyberweapons that is based on technical measurable features, an approach for the mutual reduction of vulnerability stockpiles and an approach to plausibly assure the non-involvement in a cyberconflict as a measure for de-escalation. All these initial approaches and the questions of how and by which measures arms control and conflict reduction can work for cyberspace are still quite new and subject to not too many debates. Indeed, the approach of deliberately self-restricting the capabilities of technology in order to serve a bigger goal, like the reduction of its destructive usage, is yet not very common for the engineering thinking of computer science. Therefore, this dissertation also aims to provide some impulses regarding the responsibility and creative options of computer science with a view to the peaceful development and use of cyberspace.
Una questione di qualità o una formalità? La riforma della valutazione della ricerca in Europa
Creators: name: Di Donato, Francesca
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: open science, valutazione della ricerca, open access, democrazia

description: A partire dal 2021 la Commissione europea ha dato l’avvio a un processo di consultazione che ha portato alla pubblicazione dell’Agreement on reforming research assessment, avvenuta il 20 luglio 2022. L’accordo è adesso aperto alla sottoscrizione di Università, Enti di ricerca e Agenzie di finanziamento. La presentazione proposta ne illustrerà la genesi e i punti fondamentali, per concentrarsi sulle potenzialità e sulle criticità dell’applicazione di tale accordo nel contesto nazionale italiano. La seconda versione contiene il video dell'intervento.
Inorganic-Organic Hybrid Encapsulation of Flexible Cu(In,Ga)Se2 Mini-Modules
Creators: name: Zhang, S.-T.
name: Salomon, O.
name: Würz, R.
name: Harnisch, M.
name: Zimmermann, A.
name: Kessler, F.
name: Hildebrandt, T.
name: Schneider, N.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2020
Subjects: Photovoltaic Modules and BoS Components
PV Module Design, Manufacture, Performance and Reliability

description: 37th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 955-959
description: An effective encapsulation solution is required to achieve market entry for flexible Cu(In,Ga)Se2 (CIGS) technology. In this work, we demonstrate the concept of inorganic-organic hybrid encapsulation by encapsulating 3×10 cm² CIGS/polyimide mini-modules with 25 nm Al2O3 barrier layer grown by atomic layer deposition (ALD) in combination with back and front sheets. All mini-modules were encapsulated with a back sheet from Lenzing Plastics, while two different commercial front sheets from Feron and 3M were tested. When exposed to damp heat test, due to the presence of front encapsulation (ALD-Al2O3 and front sheet), the moisture ingress is slowed down during the first 150 h, but progressively penetrates into modules upon increasing exposure time, degrading mainly Isc. The moisture ingress imposes stringent requirements in front encapsulation of flexible CIGS/polyimide mini-modules. Studies in employing thicker ALD-Al2O3 barrier layers and/or better H2O-resistant front sheets will be carried out in the future.
Lignocellulosic biomass: a sustainable platform for the production of bio-based chemicals and polymers
Creators: name: Isikgor, Furkan
name: Becer, C. Remzi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The demand for petroleum dependent chemicals and materials has been increasing despite the dwindling of their fossil resources. As the dead-end of petroleum based industry has started to appear, today's modern society has to implement alternative energy and valuable chemical resources immediately. Owing to the importance of lignocellulosic biomass being the most abundant and bio-renewable biomass on earth, this critical review provides insights into the potential of lignocellulosic biomass as an alternative platform to fossil resources. In this context, over 200 value-added compounds, which can be derived from lignocellulosic biomass by various treatment methods, are presented with their references. Lignocellulosic biomass based polymers and their commercial importance are also reported mainly in the frame of these compounds. This review article aims to draw the map of lignocellulosic biomass derived chemicals and their synthetic polymers, and to reveal the scope of this map in today's modern chemical and polymer industry.
Una questione di qualità o una formalità? La riforma della valutazione della ricerca in Europa
Creators: name: Di Donato, Francesca
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: open science, valutazione della ricerca, open access, democrazia

description: A partire dal 2021 la Commissione europea ha dato l’avvio a un processo di consultazione che ha portato alla pubblicazione dell’Agreement on reforming research assessment, avvenuta il 20 luglio 2022. L’accordo è adesso aperto alla sottoscrizione di Università, Enti di ricerca e Agenzie di finanziamento. La presentazione proposta ne illustrerà la genesi e i punti fondamentali, per concentrarsi sulle potenzialità e sulle criticità dell’applicazione di tale accordo nel contesto nazionale italiano.
Letter from Sir William Orpen to Lady Beatrice Glenavy (Or-12)
Creators: name: Orpen, William, Sir, 1878-1931
Publisher: name: University of Victoria Libraries
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Painters--Correspondence
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1050538
subject: Orpen, William, Sir, 1878-1931
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/78887
subject: Glenavy, Beatrice Moss Campbell, Baroness, 1883-1970
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/2012667
subject: Painters--Biography
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1050534

description: One of a collection of 36 letters all illustrated with ink or pencil sketches. Most are addressed to "Bridgit" from "Dijit". Sketch of a man and woman walking side by side but looking back, as per letter talking about "looking back is a dangerous matter" and one must keep "moving forward".
Dissecting galaxy triplets in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey Data Release 10: I. Stellar populations and emission line analysis
Creators: name: Costa-Duarte, M. V.
name: O'Mill, A. L.
name: Duplancic, F.
name: Sodré, L.
name: Lambas, D. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We identify isolated galaxy triplets in a volume-limited sample from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey Data Release 10. Our final sample has 80 galaxy systems in the redshift range 0.04$\le$z$\le$0.1, brighter than $M_r = -20.5 + 5\log h_{70}$. Spectral synthesis results and WHAN and BPT diagnostic diagrams were employed to classify the galaxies in these systems as star-forming, active nuclei, or passive/retired. Our results suggest that the brightest galaxies drive the triplet evolution, as evidenced by the strong correlations between properties as mass assembly and mean stellar population age with triplet properties. Galaxies with intermediate luminosity or the faintest one within the triplet seem to play a secondary role. Moreover, the relation between age and stellar mass of galaxies is similar for these galaxies but different for the brightest galaxy in the system. Most of the triplet galaxies are passive or retired, according to the WHAN classification. Low mass triplets present different fractions of WHAN classes when compared to higher mass triplets. A census of WHAN class combinations shows the dominance of star-forming galaxies in low mass triplets while retired and passive galaxies prevail in high-mass systems. We argue that these results suggest that the local environment, through galaxy interactions driven by the brightest galaxy, is playing a major role in triplet evolution.
description: accepted in MNRAS
Aiming at Resolving Limitation of Indian Standard (IS): 2911-1-2 Regarding Calculation of Lateral Load Capacity for Short Rigid Piles of Solar Module Mounting Structure
Creators: name: Chatterjee, S.
name: Mukherjee, S.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2020
Subjects: Photovoltaic Modules and BoS Components
Inverters and Balance of System Components

description: 37th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 952-954
description: “India will add 227 GW of renewable energy capacity by 2022” [10]. But for achieving this ambitious goal, the investors need to re-look into their techno-commercial aspects to bring down the LCOE to such an extent that feasibility of putting up of Large MW scale PV plants become a reality. Recently, solar tariffs in India touched Rs 2.44 per unit, in a latest auction conducted by SECI [11]. Though PV module occupies around 55% of the CAPEX part but still it’s already known to all that there is a turmoil in that zone due to rising cost of solar panels from China and safeguard duty being imposed on Chinese solar imports [11], which is completely uncontrollable as its policy driven. Thus moving ahead, in actual scenario, the second largest contributor to the project cost is none other than “Civil Works & Infra” whose majority share is occupied by the construction of foundations of solar module mounting structure. Therefore, this paper concentrates on the aspect of removing conservativeness of Indian Standard (IS): 2911-1-2 for making it more flexible without compromising the safety aspect in design.
New Maximum Power Point Tracking MPPT Algorithm Based on Research of a Target Voltage Range and Its Implementation in a Commercial Inverter for Photovoltaic Systems
Creators: name: Minuto, A.
name: Celi, E.
name: Timò, G.
name: Panozzo, N.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2020
Subjects: Photovoltaic Modules and BoS Components
Inverters and Balance of System Components

description: 37th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 939-944
description: The performance of PV systems, especially in urban environment, are effected by the partial shading of the PV modules, which can be due to the presence of obstacles like, chimneys, antennas, adjacent buildings, trees or due to non-uniform soiling and eventual damaged PV cells. The dynamic variations of the partial shading as well as of the solar irradiance on the PV strings cause a continuous shape-changing of the PV system power-voltage (P-V) characteristics. Depending on the module electrical layout, many local power peaks can appear in the P-V curves making difficult the identification of the maximum power point (Pmax) by the inverters. Under these conditions, Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) algorithms can fail identifying the absolute power peak and/or have a too slow convergence rate, involving energy losses. In this contribution a new smart MPPT algorithm which can quickly identify the target voltage range that includes the absolute power point Pmax, is presented. The new MPPT has been implemented in the control logic of a commercial inverter (Inverter RSE-BDF) and by using a PV curve simulator comparative tests have been carried out with other inverters present in the market. It is shown that under the more critical scenario, where P-V curves with several peaks and frequent irradiance variations are generated by the PV simulator, the MPPT efficiency of the Inverter RSE-BDF presented a dynamic efficiency, calculated according to the IEC 6289, up to 45% higher than the tested commercial inverters.
Multiple summation inequalities and their application to stability analysis of discrete-time delay systems
Creators: name: Gyurkovics, Eva
name: Kiss, Krisztina
name: Nagy, Ilona
name: Takacs, Tibor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 34D05, 34K20, 93D05, 93D20

description: This paper is devoted to stability analysis of discrete-time delay systems based on a set of Lyapunov-Krasovskii functionals. New multiple summation inequalities are derived that involve the famous discrete Jensen's and Wirtinger's inequalities, as well as the recently presented inequalities for single and double summation in P.T. Nam, H. Trinh, P.N. Pathirana, Discrete inequalities based on a multiple auxiliary functions and their applications to stability analysis of time-delay systems, Journal of the Franklin Institute, (2015). The present paper aims at showing that the proposed set of sufficient stability conditions can be arranged into a bidirectional hierarchy of LMIs establishing a rigorous theoretical basis for comparison of conservatism of the investigated methods. Numerical examples illustrate the efficiency of the method.
description: 17 pages
Selective Deployment of Power Optimizers: Effect of Shade on Performance and Hotspots in PV Modules
Creators: name: Dekker, N.J.J.
name: Jansen, M.J.
name: Burgers, A.R.
name: Dörenkämper, M.S.
name: Jonkman, R.
name: Van Der Ven, R.
name: Gramsbergen, E.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2020
Subjects: Photovoltaic Modules and BoS Components
Inverters and Balance of System Components

description: 37th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 945-951
description: The most simple grid connected PV system consists of a series connection of PV modules, connected to a string inverter. The power output of such a system can be sensitive to shade on a PV module. Also limited shade on a part of a cell can lead to high temperatures in that shaded cell, a so-called hotspot. The effect of shade can be reduced by adding power optimizers per module, but in general this will add considerably to the system cost. Selective deployment of power optimizers, where only power optimizers are placed on PV modules which will have shade, is a possible lower cost solution for making a system shade tolerant with high performance and less risk on hotspots. In this paper the results are given of a comparison of PV systems without and with selective deployment of power optimizers. The performance of these systems as well as the occurrence of hotspots are compared under various shade conditions.
Glacier mass loss in the Alaknanda basin, Garhwal Himalaya on a decadal scale
Creators: name: Remya, S N
name: Kulkarni, Anil V
name: Syed, Tajdarul Hassan
name: Nainwal, Harish Chandra
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: The Himalayan glaciers significantly contribute to the largest river systems like the Indus, Ganga, and the Brahmaputra. The change in glacial area and mass can affect the mountain community and people living in the Indo-Gangetic plain. The present study adopted the geodetic method to estimate the elevation change and mass budget of 61 glaciers in the Alaknanda Basin, using the satellite data of Cartosat-1 (2011, 2014, 2017) and SRTM (2000). Besides, the DEM of 1962 (SOI Toposheet) and 2000 (SRTM) is used to estimate the mass budget of Satopanth (SPG) and Bhagirath Kharak glaciers (BKG). The field debris thickness of SPG (2015-2017) is compared with the elevation change (2000-2017). Further, we have compared the mass loss of the glaciers with their volume. The results suggest the sustained mass loss of 1.85 ± 0.10 Gt out of 33.9 ± 8.8 Gt for 61 glaciers in the basin from 2000-2017. The mass loss of SPG and BKG during 2000-2017 is 0.20 ± 0.02 Gt and 0.24 ± 0.03 Gt, whereas from 1962 to 2000, is 0.083 ± 0.03 Gt and 0.091 ± 0.04 Gt, respectively. The analysis facilitates a better understanding of glacier mass changes in the Alaknanda basin on a multi-decadal scale.
Mapping the jamming transition of bidisperse mixtures
Creators: name: Koeze, D. J.
name: Vågberg, D.
name: Tjoa, B. B. T.
name: Tighe, B. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We systematically map out the jamming transition of all 2D bidisperse mixtures of frictionless disks in the hard particle limit. The critical volume fraction, mean coordination number, number of rattlers, structural order parameters, and bulk modulus each show a rich variation with mixture composition and particle size ratio, and can therefore be tuned by choosing certain mixtures. We identify two local minima in the critical volume fraction, both of which have low structural order; one minimum is close to the widely studied 50:50 mixture of particles with a ratio of radii of 1:1.4. We also identify a region at low size ratios characterized by increased structural order and high rattler fractions, with a corresponding enhancement in the stiffness.
description: 6 pages, 10 figures
Remanufacturing End-of-Life Silicon Photovoltaics: Feasibility and Viability Analysis
Creators: name: Deng, R.
name: Chang, N.
name: Lunardi, M.M.
name: Dias, P.
name: Bilbao Bernales, J.I.
name: Ji, J.
name: Chong, C.M.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2020
Subjects: Photovoltaic Modules and BoS Components
Sustainability and Recycling

description: 37th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 919-930
description: With the rapid deployment of silicon solar photovoltaic (PV) technologies around the world, the volume of end-of-life (EoL) modules will increase exponentially in the next decade. Different EoL management strategies are being explored both in the industry and in the academic field, such as recycling, remanufacturing, and reusing. We use a Monte Carlo uncertainty model to firstly identify the potential economic benefits of closed-loop recycling of EoL modules when recycled silicon is integrated into different stages of the PV supply chain. Circular use of high-purity silicon and intact silicon wafers from EoL modules shows economic feasibility in reducing the manufacturing cost of second-life modules even when the second-life modules exhibit some efficiency losses. The cost-efficiency trade-off is explored to provide future research targets. We then demonstrate a feasible three-step reprocessing to recover >99.999% (5N) pure intact silicon wafers from EoL cells that have been removed intact from the module laminate. The recovered monocrystalline silicon wafers have a minority carrier lifetime of 20-30 μs. Despite the electrical performance of recovered silicon wafer being below that of standard silicon wafers, the cost of processing is only 25% of the cost of manufacturing a new wafer, which equates to a $0.05/Wp reduction in module production cost when the recovered wafer is manufactured into new modules.
Maier-Saupe nematogenic fluid with isotropic Yukawa repulsion at a hard wall: Mean field approximation
Creators: name: Holovko, M.
name: Patsahan, T.
name: Kravtsiv, I.
name: di Caprio, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The mean field approximation is formulated within the framework of the density field theory to study the properties of a Maier-Saupe nematogenic fluid near a hard wall. The density and the order parameter profiles are obtained using the analytical expressions derived in the linearized mean field approximation. The temperature dependencies of the contact values of the density and order parameter profiles are analyzed in detail. To estimate a validity of the applied approximations, the obtained theoretical results are compared with the original computer simulation data.
description: 11 pages, 5 figures
On the connection between the metal-enriched intergalactic medium and galaxies: an OVI-galaxy cross-correlation study at $z < 1$
Creators: name: Finn, Charles W.
name: Morris, Simon L.
name: Tejos, Nicolas
name: Crighton, Neil H. M.
name: Perry, Robert
name: Fumagalli, Michele
name: Bielby, Rich
name: Theuns, Tom
name: Schaye, Joop
name: Shanks, Tom
name: Liske, Jochen
name: Gunawardhana, Madusha L. P.
name: Bartle, Stephanie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present new results on the auto- and cross-correlation functions of galaxies and OVI absorbers in a $\sim 18~\textrm{Gpc}^3$ comoving volume at $z < 1$. We use a sample of 51,296 galaxies and 140 OVI absorbers in the column density range $13 \lesssim \log N \lesssim 15$ to measure two-point correlation functions in the two dimensions transverse and orthogonal to the line-of-sight $ξ(r_{\perp}, r_{\parallel})$. We furthermore infer the corresponding 'real-space' correlation functions, $ξ(r)$, by projecting $ξ(r_{\perp}, r_{\parallel})$ along $r_{\parallel}$, and assuming a power-law form, $ξ(r) = (r / r_0)^{-γ}$. Comparing the results from the absorber-galaxy cross-correlation function, $ξ_{\textrm{ag}}$, the galaxy auto-correlation function, $ξ_{\textrm{gg}}$, and the absorber auto-correlation function, $ξ_{\textrm{aa}}$, we constrain the statistical connection between galaxies and the metal-enriched intergalactic medium as a function of star-formation activity. We also compare these results to predictions from the EAGLE cosmological hydrodynamical simulation and find a reasonable agreement. We find that: (i) OVI absorbers show very little velocity dispersion with respect to galaxies on $\sim$ Mpc scales, likely $\lesssim$ 100 \kms; (ii) OVI absorbers and galaxies may not linearly trace the same underlying distribution of matter in general. In particular, our results demonstrate that OVI absorbers are less clustered, and potentially more extended around galaxies than galaxies are around themselves; (iii) On $\gtrsim 100$ kpc scales, the likelihood of finding OVI absorbers around star-forming galaxies is similar to the likelihood of finding OVI absorbers around non star-forming galaxies (abridged)
description: Revised submission to MNRAS, having addressed the referee's comments. 27 pages, 19 figures, 5 tables
Simulations of 3D Magnetic Merging: Resistive Scalings for Null Point and QSL Reconnection
Creators: name: Effenberger, Frederic
name: Craig, I. J. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Starting from an exact, steady-state, force-free solution of the magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) equations, we investigate how resistive current layers are induced by perturbing line-tied three-dimensional magnetic equilibria. This is achieved by the superposition of a weak perturbation field in the domain, in contrast to studies where the boundary is driven by slow motions, like those present in photospheric active regions. Our aim is to quantify how the current structures are altered by the contribution of so called quasi-separatrix layers (QSLs) as the null point is shifted outside the computational domain. Previous studies based on magneto-frictional relaxation have indicated that, despite the severe field line gradients of the QSL, the presence of a null is vital in maintaining fast reconnection. Here, we explore this notion using highly resolved simulations of the full MHD evolution. We show that for the null-point configuration, the resistive scaling of the peak current density is close to $J\simη^{-1}$, while the scaling is much weaker, i.e. $J\simη^{-0.4}$, when only the QSL connectivity gradients provide a site for the current accumulation.
description: 13 pages, 4 figures, The final publication is available at Springer via http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11207-015-0825-6
The Maximum Scatter TSP on a Regular Grid
Creators: name: Hoffmann, Isabella
name: Kurz, Sascha
name: Rambau, Jörg
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Discrete Mathematics (cs.DM)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: F.2.1; G.1.6
subject: 68W25, 90B99, 68R99

description: In the maximum scatter traveling salesman problem the objective is to find a tour that maximizes the shortest distance between any two consecutive nodes. This model can be applied to manufacturing processes, particularly laser melting processes. We extend an algorithm by Arkin et al. that yields optimal solutions for nodes on a line to a regular $m \times n$-grid. The new algorithm $\textsc{Weave}(m,n)$ takes linear time to compute an optimal tour in some cases. It is asymptotically optimal and a $\frac{\sqrt{10}}{5}$-approximation for the $3\times 4$-grid, which is the worst case.
description: 6 pages, 2 figures; to appear in OR Proceedings 2015
Quality Management Best Practice Guidelines
Creators: name: Gottschalg, R.
name: Jäckel, B.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2020
Subjects: Photovoltaic Modules and BoS Components
Inverters and Balance of System Components

description: 37th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 931-934
description: Quality management is critical to maintain the profitability of PV assets throughout their lifetime. Quality is considered at different stages throughout the lifetime of any project, but unfortunately somewhat disconnected at the various handover points. The paper compares the current approach in quality management by the PV industry with that approach taken by other industries, identifying some obvious differences. In a comparison to the building industry it is argued that introducing changes, e.g. by having to remedy quality issues, on the whole will increase the price of the design. An approach of considering quality at the outset of a project is discussed that aims to reduce the overall costs and minimize unnecessary interventions throughout the lifetime.
Micro-Inverters: An Update of Comparison of Conversion Efficiencies and Energy Yields
Creators: name: Krauter, S.
name: Bendfeld, J.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2020
Subjects: Photovoltaic Modules and BoS Components
Inverters and Balance of System Components

description: 37th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 935-938
description: Efficiencies and energy yields of microinverters available on the market during 20142020 have been measured, compared, and ranked. Conversion efficiencies as a function of load have been measured indoors with high accuracy and ranked according to Euro- and CEC weightings. Energy yields have been measured outdoors via identical and calibrated crystalline silicon PV modules of 215 Wp each. Inverters with two inputs have been fed by two of those modules. DC input, AC power output and energy yield of each micro-inverter have been recorded by individual calibrated electricity meters. Apparently, some inverters have been optimized for high irradiance levels and ranked better at the CEC efficiency ranking, others performed very well also at low irradiance levels, thus ranking higher at in the EU efficiency ranking. Efficiency ranks are slightly deviating from rankings by energy yield measurements. At one inverter, a slow MPPT algorithm that barely could follow quickly changing irradiance levels is most probably responsible for this effect. Another inverter switched off for a while after operation at high power, another one failed permanently. Apparently, some inverters are been optimized to show excellent datasheet ratings for EU- or CEC- efficiency. On the other hand, two inverters (each featuring two inputs) did not show an outstanding performance at the EU- and CEC-ratings but achieved leading ranks for AC energy yields. For the customer, AC yield is a major performance indicator of a microinverter and should be included in the datasheet.
Development of Daylight Photoluminescence Technique for Photovoltaic Modules and Investigation of Temperature Dependency
Creators: name: Koester, L.
name: Astigarraga, A.
name: Lindig, S.
name: Moser, D.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2020
Subjects: Photovoltaic Modules and BoS Components
PV Module Design, Manufacture, Performance and Reliability

description: 37th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 908-913
description: Daylight Photoluminescence (dPL) is a relatively novel imaging technique using the principle idea of photoluminescence with the sun as excitation source. The difficult process of filtering the luminescence signal is described by means of implementing a dPL technique at EURAC Research in Bolzano, Italy. The described approach uses modern inverter or maximum power point tracker to alter the working point of modules, which allows imaging of two different images, whose subtraction results in the luminescence signal. Further, the impact of temperature on the luminescence signal is investigated. For this, the signal intensity is measured with dPL for different temperatures under controlled conditions. The impact that temperature has on different factors influencing the luminescence intensity is described. Finally, the impact of temperature on dPL in practical use is calculated from the results, presenting a first attempt to calculate the temperature coefficient of signal intensity in the dPL image.
Letter from Sir William Orpen to Lady Beatrice Glenavy (Or-23)
Creators: name: Orpen, William, Sir, 1878-1931
Publisher: name: University of Victoria Libraries
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Painters--Correspondence
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1050538
subject: Orpen, William, Sir, 1878-1931
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/78887
subject: Glenavy, Beatrice Moss Campbell, Baroness, 1883-1970
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/2012667
subject: Painters--Biography
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1050534

description: One of a collection of 36 letters all illustrated with ink or pencil sketches. Most are addressed to "Bridgit" from "Dijit". Sketch of Sarah Purser and Beatrice. He also mentions Gordon, who is Beatrice's husband, Charles Henry Gordon Campbell.
Letter from Sir William Orpen to Lady Beatrice Glenavy (Or-20)
Creators: name: Orpen, William, Sir, 1878-1931
Publisher: name: University of Victoria Libraries
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Painters--Correspondence
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1050538
subject: Orpen, William, Sir, 1878-1931
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/78887
subject: Glenavy, Beatrice Moss Campbell, Baroness, 1883-1970
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/2012667
subject: Painters--Biography
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1050534

description: One of a collection of 36 letters all illustrated with ink or pencil sketches. Most are addressed to "Bridgit" from "Dijit". A soldier in the field (possibly Orpen), writing in the hot sun, while in the background captured soldiers follow with their hands up, behind another officer.
Letter from Sir William Orpen to Lady Beatrice Glenavy (Or-06)
Creators: name: Orpen, William, Sir, 1878-1931
Publisher: name: University of Victoria Libraries
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Painters--Correspondence
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1050538
subject: Orpen, William, Sir, 1878-1931
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/78887
subject: Glenavy, Beatrice Moss Campbell, Baroness, 1883-1970
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/2012667
subject: Painters--Biography
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1050534

description: One of a collection of 36 letters all illustrated with ink or pencil sketches. Most are addressed to "Bridgit" from "Dijit". Sketch of the world with a man and woman clinging to it. Could possibly be Orpen and Beatrice.
title: Smart or Smash? The Effect of Financial Sanctions on Trade in Goods and Services
Creators: name: Besedeš, Tibor
name: Goldbach, Stefan
name: Nitsch, Volker
Publisher: name: UNSPECIFIED
Year: 2023

description: We examine the extent to which financial sanctions imposed by Germany through its European Union and United Nations commitments cause collateral damage on Germany’s trade in goods and services. Financial sanctions reduce Germany’s inflows and outflows of financial assets, as well as imports and exports of goods and services. The relative effects on trade in goods and services are weaker than on financial assets, about half as large in the case of goods and two-thirds as large in the case of services. The effect on trade in goods is entirely due to episodes where financial sanctions are accompanied by export restrictions of specific goods. In the case of services trade, only exports are affected by financial sanctions once export restrictions are considered. The primary channel through which sanctions affect the three types of cross-border flows is the extensive margin. Anticipation effects are quite strong for financial assets and weak for services and goods.
Fundamental Study on Open Fault Detection Technology of Bypass Circuit of PV Module with IR Camera
Creators: name: Nishikawa, S.
name: Fujita, N.
name: Kuroda, H.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2020
Subjects: Photovoltaic Modules and BoS Components
PV Module Design, Manufacture, Performance and Reliability

description: 37th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 914-918
description: When a bypass circuit of PV module is open and performance of solar cells drop by partial shadow, abnormality, and so on, the temperature of those cells increase and become hotspot. Observation of module surface temperature with IR camera is very popular technology for finding hotspot. However, a hotspot does not occur with only existence of open fault of bypass circuit, and temperature does not increase under low irradiance. In our proposed technology, the pseudo sine-wave voltage with DC bias is applied across the PV string. The temperature of the faulty part without bypass circuit changes in accordance with change of applying voltage. The temperature change is observed with an IR camera, and only the fault position is identified by the frequency analysis of temperature change. However, temperature change is influenced by mainly magnitudes of irradiance and applied voltage. To clear their effect, we conducted a fundamental test by using a small string with a dummy open fault of bypass circuit. As a result, when irradiance is more than 200W/m2 and applied voltage across a string is bigger than open circuit voltage Voc of a PV module, we can find an open fault position in a string.
Novel Accelerated Testing Methods for Faster Evaluation of PV Modules and Materials
Creators: name: Borne, A.
name: Choudhury, K.R.
name: Gambogi, W.J.
name: Weiß, K.-A.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2020
Subjects: Photovoltaic Modules and BoS Components
PV Module Design, Manufacture, Performance and Reliability

description: 37th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 900-903
description: Photovoltaic systems must withstand outdoor conditions for at least 25 years, but recent field inspections are revealing that photovoltaic module degradation is jeopardizing performance and safety of installations due to backsheet failure, leading to panel repair and replacement. These failures were not predicted by established module and material test methods. To avoid these issues, improved PV testing methods need to be developed. Current IEC testing standards are not designed to predict the long-term performance of the various materials and tend to involve single stress exposures that address early lifetime design failures. In this paper we describe considerations based on field observations and accelerated testing to develop a novel accelerated testing protocol. The goals are to reproduce the outdoor weathering conditions for testing PV modules with calculation enhanced stressor settings under complex chamber boundary conditions. Photovoltaic modules are tested, and results confirm good match with both outdoor field observations and standard MAST (Module Accelerated Sequential Testing) conditions. The simultaneous exposure to UV, moisture and elevated temperature is assessed as a method of further reducing the testing time required to evaluate new materials and designs.
Eddy-Current Analysis Method for Non-Destructive Characterization of Electrical Contacts and Solder Joints in PV Modules
Creators: name: Neumaier, L.
name: Mühleisen, W.
name: Lenzhofer, M.
name: Malago, P.
name: Hirschl, C.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2020
Subjects: Photovoltaic Modules and BoS Components
PV Module Design, Manufacture, Performance and Reliability

description: 37th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 904-907
description: According to latest studies, cell and interconnection failures are to most common ones besides backsheet and encapsulation issues in PV modules. Solder joints within the module, which are not meeting the target quality, often lead to major issues after aging, comprising burn marks, hotspots, arcing discharges and of course substantial power losses. Besides security and safety issues, such age-related effects can lead to major financial losses for manufacturers, investors and plant owners. Within the Austrian flagship project “Sustainable Photovoltaics”, a nondestructive method was developed for analyzing the quality of solder joints in PV modules (on site & in production line) using a multi frequency eddy current approach. With the presented solution the conductivity of each solder joint can be analyzed, enabling the possibility of early failure detection, and hence initiating possible repair approaches. Measurement results show that the calculated state or conductivity decrease of aged solder joints can be successfully correlated to electroluminescence (EL) images. This enables a solder joint quality analysis without, unlike EL, directly powering the PV module.
Comparison of the Energy Yield of Vertical (E-W Orientation) and Tilted (Equator Facing) Bifacial PV Module Arrays
Creators: name: Lopez-Garcia, J.
name: Urraca, R.
name: Kenny, R.P.
name: Sample, T.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2020
Subjects: Photovoltaic Modules and BoS Components
PV Module Design, Manufacture, Performance and Reliability

description: 37th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 883-889
description: Bifacial crystalline silicon photovoltaic (PV) modules are considered one of the most promising technologies and the implementation in the market is already a reality. This is due to their enhanced performance in comparison to traditional monofacial PV modules, as both sides of the cell can absorb solar radiation. Bifacial PV modules opened also the door to new options for system integration such as the vertical east-west (E-W) oriented modules that offers further advantages for certain applications. In order to promote the bifacial market, field performance data under real working conditions for different locations, technologies and configurations need to be compiled and analysed to contribute to modelling and the energy yield estimation tools for bifacial devices. In the same way, bifacial PV systems need to be properly characterised to study the reliability and long-term degradation of this relatively new technology. This work reports on the performance and energy yield of two bifacial PV test arrays (vertical East- West oriented and equator facing tilted) of 3kW each based on p-PERC modules in a moderate subtropical climate for a 12 months period. The irradiance distribution and energy yield are analised and the results are compared with a similar monofacial array.
Thin film growth of a topological crystal insulator SnTe on the CdTe (111) surface by molecular beam epitaxy
Creators: name: Ishikawa, Ryo
name: Yamaguchi, Tomonari
name: Ohtaki, Yusuke
name: Akiyama, Ryota
name: Kuroda, Shinji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report molecular beam epitaxial growth of a SnTe (111) layer on a CdTe template, fabricated by depositing it on a GaAs (111)A substrate, instead of BaF$_2$ which has been conventionally used as a substrate. By optimizing temperatures for the growth of both SnTe and CdTe layers, we could obtain SnTe layers of the single phase grown only in the (111) orientation and of much improved surface morphology from the viewpoint of the extension and the flatness of flat regions, compared to the layers grown on BaF$_2$. In this optimal growth condition, we have also achieved a low hole density of the order of 10$^{17}$cm$^{-3}$ at 4K, the lowest value ever reported for SnTe thin films without additional doping. In the magnetoresistance measurement on this optimized SnTe layer, we observe characteristic negative magneto-conductance which is attributed to the weak antilocalization effect of the two-dimensional transport in the topological surface state.