cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Unveiling the directional network behind the financial statements data using volatility constraint correlation
Creators: name: Ochiai, Tomoshiro
name: Nacher, Jose C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Finance (q-fin.GN)
subject: Computational Finance (q-fin.CP)
subject: Statistical Finance (q-fin.ST)
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: Financial data, such as financial statements, contain valuable and critical information that may assist stakeholders and investors in optimizing their capital to maximize overall economic growth. Since there are many variables in financial statements, it is crucial to determine the causal relationships, that is, the directional influence between them in a structural way, as well as to understand the associated accounting mechanisms. However, the analysis of variable-to-variable relationships in financial information using standard correlation functions is not sufficient to unveil directionality. Here, we use the volatility constrained correlation (VC correlation) method to predict the directional relationship between two arbitrary variables. We apply the VC correlation method to five significant financial information variables (revenue, net income, operating income, own capital, and market capitalization) of 2321 firms listed on the Tokyo Stock Exchange over 28 years from 1990 to 2018. This study identifies which accounting variables are influential and which are susceptible. Our findings show that operating income is the most influential variable while market capitalization and revenue are the most susceptible variables. Surprisingly, the results differ from the existing intuitive understanding suggested by widely used investment strategy indicators, the price--earnings ratio and the price-to-book ratio, which report that net income and own capital are the most influential variables affecting market capitalization. This analysis may assist managers, stakeholders, and investors to improve financial management performance and optimize firms' financial strategies in future operations.
description: 14 pages, 6 figures
Nonabelian dark matter models for 3.5 keV X-rays
Creators: name: Cline, James M.
name: Frey, Andrew R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A recent analysis of XXM-Newton data reveals the possible presence of an X-ray line at approximately 3.55 keV, which is not readily explained by known atomic transitions. Numerous models of eV-scale decaying dark matter have been proposed to explain this signal. Here we explore models of multicomponent nonabelian dark matter with typical mass ~ 1-10 GeV (higher values being allowed in some models) and eV-scale splittings that arise naturally from the breaking of the nonabelian gauge symmetry. Kinetic mixing between the photon and the hidden sector gauge bosons can occur through a dimension-5 or 6 operator. Radiative decays of the excited states proceed through transition magnetic moments that appear at one loop. The decaying excited states can either be primordial or else produced by upscattering of the lighter dark matter states. These models are significantly constrained by direct dark matter searches or cosmic microwave background distortions, and are potentially testable in fixed target experiments that search for hidden photons. We note that the upscattering mechanism could be distinguished from decays in future observations if sources with different dark matter velocity dispersions seem to require different values of the scattering cross section to match the observed line strengths.
description: 27 pages, 9 figures; v2. added references
title: Transluminal biliary forceps biopsy: long term results from a single center experience
Creators: name: Nardella, Michele
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Interventional non-vascular
subject: Liver
subject: Oncology
subject: Fluoroscopy
subject: Percutaneous
subject: Biopsy
subject: Cholangiography
subject: Drainage
subject: Cancer
subject: MR-Cholangiography

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: To investigate long term results of endobiliary biopsy performed with a transluminal forceps set. •Biliary strictures represent a challenging diagnostic and therapeutic dilemma. •Such strictures are related to cholangiocarcinoma, but in...
Second-order analysis of an optimal control problem in a phase field tumor growth model with singular potentials and chemotaxis
Creators: name: Colli, Pierluigi
name: Signori, Andrea
name: Sprekels, Jürgen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 49J20, 49K20, 49K40, 35K57, 37N25

description: This paper concerns a distributed optimal control problem for a tumor growth model of Cahn-Hilliard type including chemotaxis with possibly singular potentials, where the control and state variables are nonlinearly coupled. First, we discuss the weak well-posedness of the system under very general assumptions for the potentials, which may be singular and nonsmooth. Then, we establish the strong well-posedness of the system in a reduced setting, which however admits the logarithmic potential: this analysis will lay the foundation for the study of the corresponding optimal control problem. Concerning the optimization problem, we address the existence of minimizers and establish both first-order necessary and second-order sufficient conditions for optimality. The mathematically challenging second-order analysis is completely performed here, after showing that the solution mapping is twice continuously differentiable between suitable Banach spaces via the implicit function theorem. Then, we completely identify the second-order Fréchet derivative of the control-to-state operator and carry out a thorough and detailed investigation about the related properties.
description: Please note that the formula (6.5), in both the arXiv preprint and in the journal article, contains three sign errors: indeed, the term in the second line of (6.5) involving P'' should carry a `plus' sign, while the two terms in the third line should carry `minus' signs. These sign errors, however, do not have an impact on the validity of the results
title: Results of Contrast-Enhanced Spectral Mammography (CESM) and blood/lymphatic vessel density - correlation
Creators: name: Luczynska, Elzbieta
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Breast
subject: Mammography
subject: Contrast agent-intravenous
subject: Cancer

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Contrast-Enhanced Spectral Mammography (CESM) is anovel technique used for detection of tumour vascularity by imaging the moment in which contrast, delivered to the lesion by blood vessels, leaks out of them, and flows out through lymphatic...
What Does The PAMELA Antiproton Spectrum Tell Us About Dark Matter?
Creators: name: Hooper, Dan
name: Linden, Tim
name: Mertsch, Philipp
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Measurements of the cosmic ray antiproton spectrum can be used to search for contributions from annihilating dark matter and to constrain the dark matter annihilation cross section. Depending on the assumptions made regarding cosmic ray propagation in the Galaxy, such constraints can be quite stringent. We revisit this topic, utilizing a set of propagation models fit to the cosmic ray boron, carbon, oxygen and beryllium data. We derive upper limits on the dark matter annihilation cross section and find that when the cosmic ray propagation parameters are treated as nuisance parameters (as we argue is appropriate), the resulting limits are significantly less stringent than have been previously reported. We also note (as have several previous groups) that simple GALPROP-like diffusion-reacceleration models predict a spectrum of cosmic ray antiprotons that is in good agreement with PAMELA's observations above ~5 GeV, but that significantly underpredict the flux at lower energies. Although the complexity of modeling cosmic ray propagation at GeV-scale energies makes it difficult to determine the origin of this discrepancy, we consider the possibility that the excess antiprotons are the result of annihilating dark matter. Suggestively, we find that this excess is best fit for a dark matter mass of approximately 35 GeV and annihilation cross section of approximately 1e-26 cm^3/s (to b-bbar), in good agreement with the mass and cross section previously shown to be required to generate the gamma-ray excess observed from the Galactic Center.
description: 10 pages, 7 figures
Bioinspired Materials for Sensor and Clinical Applications: Two Case Studies
Creators: name: Alfinito, Eleonora
name: Ciccarese, Mariangela
name: Maruccio, Giuseppe
name: Monteduro, Anna Grazia
name: Rizzato, Silvia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: The growing interest in bio-inspired materials is driven by the need for increasingly targeted and efficient devices that also have a low ecological impact. These devices often use specially developed materials (e.g., polymers, aptamers, monoclonal antibodies) capable of carrying out the process of recognizing and capturing a specific target in a similar way to biomaterials of natural origin. In this article, we present two case studies, in which the target is a biomolecule of medical interest, in particular, α-thrombin and cytokine IL-6. In these examples, different biomaterials are compared to establish, with a theoretical-computational procedure known as proteotronics, which of them has the greatest potential for use in a biodevice.
description: 16 pages, 7 figures
Single-Cell Transcriptomic Dataset of RPGR Retinitis Pigmentosa Patient-Derived Retinal Organoids
Creators: name: Li, Ting
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 321201
subject: Ophthalmology

description: Quality control and normalizationQuality control (QC) is essential to ensure the reliability of downstream analyses. Cells were filtered based on gene counts, retaining those with counts between 500 and 8,000, and excluding cells with mitochondrial RNA (mtRNA) content exceeding 10%, to eliminate those likely to be stressed or damaged. To address technical biases and enhance biological interpretations, normalization and scaling were conducted following QC using Seurat v4.3.2, ensuring that the downstream analysis is driven by relevant biological phenomena and not technical noise. The “NormalizeData” function normalized gene expression levels across all cells, and the “ScaleData” function scaled the normalized data to facilitate the identification of biologically relevant genes.Doublet RemovalDoublets were removed using the "DoubletFinder" package. The process involved performing principal component analysis (PCA) on the normalized data to achieve dimensionality reduction, generating simulated doublet data to match the expected doublet rate, and integrating the simulated doublet data with the original dataset. Each cell was then assigned a doublet score using a k-nearest neighbors (k-NN) classifier. We utilized the “doubletFinder_v3” function to label potential doublet cells (with pN set to 0.25). Based on a threshold reflecting the expected doublet rate (5%), doublets were identified and removed from the dataset.Integration, Dimensionality reduction and ClusteringBatch effects between samples were corrected using the Harmony algorithm to ensure that comparisons were not influenced by technical variability. Once integrated, dimensionality reduction and clustering were performed to summarize expression patterns and cluster cells. The top 2,500 variable genes were identified using the “FindVariableFeatures” function. PCA was performed on these genes, and the first 12 principal components were used for clustering cells with the “FindClusters” function. To visualize cellular clusters in two dimensions, Unified Manifold Approximation and Projection (UMAP) was employed.Cell-type annotationDifferentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified to understand functional differences between clusters. The “FindMarkers” function of Seurat, employing the Wilcoxon likelihood-ratio test with default parameters, was used for DEG identification. Cell type annotation was then performed to categorize cell populations. Canonical marker genes identified among the DEGs were integrated and supported by relevant literature.
Quiz online como Suporte à Aprendizagem de Física no Ensino Médio
Creators: name: Sales, Gilvandenys Leite
name: Alves Moreira Leite, Eliana
name: Herbert Lima Vasconcelos, Francisco
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 390402
subject: Education assessment and evaluation

description: Na era da tecnologia, da informação e da conectividade às redes sociais a sala de aula goza de um anacronismo imutável e, assim permanece desalinhada do mundo vivencial do aluno. Neste artigo apresenta-se um curso de Física com suporte de Tecnologias Digitais de Informação e Comunicação (TDIC) apoiado pelo ambiente virtual Moodle. A metodologia envolveu, além de aulas expositivas e experimentos reais de óptica geométrica, a pesquisa orientada na rede web, a construção de glossário e a participação em quizzes planejados com avaliação assistida com seus feedbacks reguladores, em que questões de múltipla escolha, numéricas e de associação faziam parte do instrumento de avaliação. Empregou-se como ferramenta de avaliação o Modelo Learning Vectors (Modelo LV), face seu caráter formativo e como ferramenta de gerenciamento e controle de notas. Quanto ao uso combinado de oficinas com o apoio do material digital, verificou- se a transformação da sala de aula de Física em um espaço mais motivador e agradável de aprendizagem. Os resultados revelam uma motivação maior para aprender Física e melhor rendimento. dos alunos em termos de notas.
Estimation of dynamical instability (local Lyapunov exponents) for non-intrusive adaptive modelling
Creators: name: Ayers, Daniel
name: Lau, Jack
name: Amezcua, Javier
name: Carrassi, Alberto
name: Ojha, Varun
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description: Abstract: In chaotic dynamical systems such as the weather, prediction errors grow faster in some situations than in others. Real-time knowledge about the error growth could enable strategies to adjust the forecasting set-up on the fly to increase accuracy and/or reduce computation time. For example one could change the spatio-temporal resolution of the numerical model, locally increase the data availability, etc. Local Lyapunov exponents (LLEs) are known indicators of the rate at which very small prediction errors grow over a finite time interval. However, the classic method of computing LLEs is very expensive, and requires maintaining a tangent linear model. Our work investigates the capability of supervised machine learning to estimate LLEs from recent time steps of the system trajectory, as an alternative to the classical method. Thus machine learning is not used here to emulate (parts of) a physical model, but “non intrusively” as a complementary tool. We present results from investigations in three low-dimensional chaotic systems of ordinary differential equations: the Rössler and Lorenz 63 systems (three variables) and the one-scale Lorenz 96 system (with 12 variables). In the three-variable systems we perform an extensive investigation of four ML algorithms, using a thorough Bayesian hyperparameter search. We find that the LLE values can only be accurately predicted in certain areas of the attractor. We show that the less accurate predictions occur in areas of the attractor where the LLE values are locally heterogeneous. In the Lorenz 96 system, our investigations illustrate the challenges of a spatially extended system. We evaluate regression and classification formulations of the ML task. Finally, we investigate approaches for learning which regions of the attractor can be well predicted, so that the LLE predictions are made with a degree of confidence - essential for making decisions in adaptive modelling.
description: Poster presented at the 2022 ECMWF-ESA Workshop on Machine Learning for Earth Observation and Prediction: https://events.ecmwf.int/event/304/
Rotating Ellis Wormholes in Four Dimensions
Creators: name: Kleihaus, Burkhard
name: Kunz, Jutta
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present rotating wormhole solutions in General Relativity, which are supported by a phantom scalar field. These solutions evolve from the static Ellis wormhole, when the throat is set into rotation. As the rotational velocity increases, the throat deforms until at a maximal value of the rotational velocity, an extremal Kerr solution is encountered. The rotating wormholes attain a finite mass and quadrupole moment. They exhibit ergospheres and possess bound orbits.
description: 9 pages, 3 figures
title: Clinical performance of digital breast tomosynthesis-guided vacuum-assisted breast biopsy: a single-institution experience in Japan.
Creators: name: Ido, Mirai
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Calcifications / Calculi
subject: Biopsy
subject: Mammography
subject: Breast

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Typically, prone stereotactic vacuum-assisted breastbiopsy (ST-VAB)is performed when mammographic detected lesion such as clustered microcalcification, meets the standard for biopsy and cannot be identified on ultrasonography (US). Digital breast...
title: Special Breast Cancer: Multimodality Imaging Evaluation with Pathologic Correlation
Creators: name: Yoo, Hyunwoo
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Breast
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Mammography
subject: MR
subject: Biopsy
subject: Cancer

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: Breast cancer is the second leading cause of cancer mortality in women, as well as most common malignancy in women. The common subtype breast cancer is called invasive ductal carcinoma, and classed as a NOS(not otherwise specified). And other rare...
Growth of nonsymmetric operads
Creators: name: Qi, Zihao
name: Xu, Yongjun
name: Zhang, James J.
name: Zhao, Xiangui
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: Category Theory (math.CT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 16P90, 16Z10, 17A61, 13P10, 18M65

description: The paper concerns the Gelfand-Kirillov dimension and the generating series of nonsymmetric operads. An analogue of Bergman's gap theorem is proved, namely, no finitely generated locally finite nonsymmetric operad has Gelfand-Kirillov dimension strictly between $1$ and $2$. For every $r\in \{0\}\cup \{1\}\cup [2,\infty)$ or $r=\infty$, we construct a single-element generated nonsymmetric operad with Gelfand-Kirillov dimension $r$. We also provide counterexamples to two expectations of Khoroshkin and Piontkovski about the generating series of operads.
description: 38 pages, 10 figures. The known typos have been corrected. A detailed proof to Lemma 7.2 has been added. The referee's comments have been incorporated
Correspondence between non-Hermitian topology and directional amplification in the presence of disorder
Creators: name: Wanjura, Clara C.
name: Brunelli, Matteo
name: Nunnenkamp, Andreas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In order for non-Hermitian (NH) topological effects to be relevant for practical applications, it is necessary to study disordered systems. In the absence of disorder, certain driven-dissipative cavity arrays with engineered non-local dissipation display directional amplification when associated with a non-trivial winding number of the NH dynamic matrix. In this work, we show analytically that the correspondence between NH topology and directional amplification holds even in the presence of disorder. When a system with non-trivial topology is tuned close to the exceptional point, perfect non-reciprocity (quantified by a vanishing reverse gain) is preserved for arbitrarily strong on-site disorder. For bounded disorder, we derive simple bounds for the probability distribution of the scattering matrix elements. These bounds show that the essential features associated with non-trivial NH topology, namely that the end-to-end forward (reverse) gain grows (is suppressed) exponentially with system size, are preserved in disordered systems. NH topology in cavity arrays is robust and can thus be exploited for practical applications.
description: 5+5 pages, 4+2 figures. Comments welcome
Molybdenum-Rhenium superconducting suspended nanostructures
Creators: name: Aziz, Mohsin
name: Hudson, David Christopher
name: Russo, Saverio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Suspended superconducting nanostructures of MoRe $50\%/50\%$ by weight are fabricated employing commonly used fabrication steps in micro- and nano-meter scale devices followed by wet-etching with Hydro-fluoric acid of a SiO$_2$ sacrificial layer. Suspended superconducting channels as narrow as $50\,\rm{nm}$ and length $3\,\rm{μm}$ have a critical temperature of $\approx 6.5\,\rm{K}$, which can increase by $0.5\rm{K}$ upon annealing at $400\,^{\circ}\mathrm{C}$. A detailed study of the dependence of the superconducting critical current and critical temperature upon annealing and in devices with different channel width reveals that desorption of contaminants is responsible for the improved superconducting properties. These findings pave the way for the development of superconducting electromechanical devices using standard fabrication techniques.
description: To appear on Applied Physics Letters
title: ‘Twists and turns of the female pelvis’ – a pictorial review of adnexal torsion.
Creators: name: Daley, Flora
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Pathology
subject: Surgery
subject: Ultrasound
subject: MR
subject: CT
subject: Pelvis
subject: Genital / Reproductive system female
subject: Emergency

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: Know the aetiology and epidemiology of ovarian torsion within the female pelvis. Know the mimics of ovarian torsion including other structures that can tort within the female pelvis. Understand what role imaging plays in the management of suspected...
Методики обучения чтению и письму на английском языке учащихся с признаками дислексии
Creators: name: Чухнина Елена Игоревна
Publisher: name: Проблемы педагогики
Year: 2018
Subjects: ДИСЛЕКСИЯ
МЕТОДИКА ОБУЧЕНИЯ ЧТЕНИЮ И ПИСЬМУ
МЕТОДИКА "BLENDING READING"
МЕТОД ХИКИ
ПРОИЗНОШЕНИЕ ОТ ЗВУКА К СЛОВУ

description: В статье рассматриваются вопросы, касающиеся проблемы оптимизации коррекционно-педагогической работы по устранению дислексии у обучающихся при обучении чтению и письму на английском языке. Описаны возможности использования методики «Blending reading» и метода Хики для обучения чтению на уроках английского языка учащихся с признаками дислексии. Такой подход может быть интересен специалистам, работающим с детьми, страдающими дислексией, в частности, преподавателям иностранного языка, учителям русского языка и литературы, логопедам.
Ultraviolet Emission Lines in Young Low Mass Galaxies at z~2: Physical Properties and Implications for Studies at z>7
Creators: name: Stark, Daniel P.
name: Richard, Johan
name: Siana, Brian
name: Charlot, Stephane
name: Freeman, William R.
name: Gutkin, Julia
name: Wofford, Aida
name: Robertson, Brant
name: Amanullah, Rahman
name: Watson, Darach
name: Milvang-Jensen, Bo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present deep spectroscopy of 17 very low mass (M* ~ 2.0x10^6 Msun to 1.4x10^9 Msun) and low luminosity (M_UV ~ -13.7 to -19.9) gravitationally lensed galaxies in the redshift range z~1.5-3.0. Deep rest-frame ultraviolet spectra reveal large equivalent width emission from numerous lines (NIV], OIII], CIV, Si III], CIII]) which are rarely seen in individual spectra of more massive star forming galaxies. CIII] is detected in 16 of 17 low mass star forming systems with rest-frame equivalent widths as large as 13.5 Angstroms. Nebular CIV emission is present in the most extreme CIII] emitters, requiring an ionizing source capable of producing a substantial component of photons with energies in excess of 47.9 eV. Photoionization models support a picture whereby the large equivalent widths are driven by the increased electron temperature and enhanced ionizing output arising from metal poor gas and stars, young stellar populations, and large ionization parameters. The young ages implied by the emission lines and continuum SEDs indicate that the extreme line emitters in our sample are in the midst of a significant upturn in their star formation activity. The low stellar masses, blue UV colors, and large sSFRs of our sample are similar to those of typical z>6 galaxies. Given the strong attenuation of Ly-alpha in z>6 galaxies we suggest that CIII] is likely to provide our best probe of early star forming galaxies with ground-based spectrographs and one of the most efficient means of confirming z>10 galaxies with the James Webb Space Telescope.
description: 22 pages, 8 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
title: Differential diagnosis of non-neoplastic vertebral and paravertebral disorders with increased signal intensity on short tau inversion recovery (STIR) or fat-suppressed T2-weighted images
Creators: name: Miyamoto, Yuka
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Oedema
subject: Inflammation
subject: Infection
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: MR
subject: Musculoskeletal spine
subject: Musculoskeletal joint

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: To review the mechanisms, characteristics and diagnostic roles of fat-suppressed water bright magnetic resonance images such as short tau inversion recovery (STIR) or fat-suppressed T2-weighted images (FST2WI). To discuss clinical and radiological...
Kippeffekt an Schulen: Verständnis, Monitoring und Steuerung auf Klassenebene anhand der Aktivitäten nach ICF
Creators: name: Nötzli Bachmann, Regula
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Sonderpädagogik
Masterarbeit
Kippeffekt
Migration

description: Der Kippeffekt an Schulen führt bei den betroffenen Schülerinnen und Schülern zu einem tieferen Leistungsniveau, als dies die individuellen Voraussetzungen prognostizieren würden. Die Gründe liegen im tiefen sozioökonomischen Status, gekoppelt mit Migration in Verbindung mit einer ausgeprägten räumlichen Segregation im Einzugsgebiet der Schule. Die Bildungspolitik ist diesem Phänomen bisher mit QUIMS-Geldern, DaZ-Unterricht und dem Ausbau von Tagesstrukturen begegnet. Das grundsätzliche Problem der fehlenden Durchmischung der Schulen wurde nicht angegangen. In dieser Arbeit wird der Kippeffekt an Schulen auf der Klassenebene beschrieben und die Frage gestellt, inwiefern der Kippeffekt durch eine veränderte Schülerzuteilung auf Klassenebene beeinflusst werden kann. Als Monitoring- und Steuerungsinstrument dienen die zehn Aktivitäten nach ICF. Die Arbeit weist eine mehrfache Benachteiligung der Schülerinnen und Schüler der betroffenen Schulen nach und schliesst mit einem Appell an die Politik, bei der Schülerzuteilung und der Planung des Schulraumstandortes die räumliche Segregation zu berücksichtigen, um künftig den Kippeffekt zu verhindern.
Birational Mori fiber structures of $\mathbb{Q}$-Fano $3$-fold weighted complete intersections, III
Creators: name: Okada, Takuzo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: This is a continuation of a series of papers studying the birational Mori fiber structures of anticanonically embedded $\mathbb{Q}$-Fano $3$-fold weighted complete intersections of codimension $2$. We have proved that $19$ families consists of birationally rigid varieties and $14$ families consists of birationally birigid varieties. The aim of this paper is to continue the work systematically and prove that, among the remaining $52$ families, $21$ families consist of birationally birigid varieties.
description: 53 pages
Matching the Standard Model to Heavy-Quark Effective Theory and Nonrelativistic QCD
Creators: name: Assi, B.
name: Kniehl, B. A.
name: Soto, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We find the leading electroweak corrections to the Lagrangians of heavy-quark effective theory and nonrelativistic QCD. These corrections appear in the Wilson coefficients of the two- and four-quark operators and are considered here at one-loop order through $\mathcal{O}(1/m^3)$ and $\mathcal{O}(1/m^2)$, respectively. The two-quark operators through this order include new parity violating terms, which we derive analogously to the parity preserving QCD result at one-loop order.
description: 16 pages, 5 figures, revised, matches published version, author added
title: Audit of Rapid Access Chest Pain Clinic (RACPC) patients referred for CT coronary angiogram
Creators: name: Farrugia, Alexia
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Obstruction / Occlusion
subject: Education and training
subject: Audit and standards
subject: CT-Angiography
subject: Arteries / Aorta
subject: Cardiovascular system
subject: Cardiac
subject: Ischaemia / Infarction

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Audit of the number of referrals for CT coronary angiography from RACPC over a two year period (1st June 2014 and 31st May 2016) Patients having Calcium score only / CT angiogram only / both Calcium scoring and CT angiogram were included Review CT...
The wonderful complexity of the Mira AB system
Creators: name: Ramstedt, S.
name: Mohamed, S.
name: Vlemmings, W. H. T.
name: Maercker, M.
name: Montez, R.
name: Baudry, A.
name: De Beck, E.
name: Lindqvist, M.
name: Olofsson, H.
name: Humphreys, E. M. L.
name: Jorissen, A.
name: Kerschbaum, F.
name: Mayer, A.
name: Wittkowski, M.
name: Cox, N. L. J.
name: Lagadec, E.
name: Leal-Ferreira, M. L.
name: Paladini, C.
name: Pérez-Sánchez, A.
name: Sacuto, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have mapped the CO(3-2) line emission around the Mira AB system at 0.5 resolution using the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA). The CO map shows amazing complexity. The circumstellar gas has been shaped by different dynamical actors during the evolution of the system and several morphological components can be identified. The companion is marginally resolved in continuum emission and is currently at 0.487$\pm$0.006 separation. In the main line component, centered on the stellar velocity, spiral arcs around Mira A are found. The spiral appears to be relatively flat and oriented in the orbital plane. An accretion wake behind the companion is clearly visible and the projected arc separation is of order 5''. In the blue wing of the line emission, offset from the main line, several large ($\sim$5-10''), opposing arcs are found. We tentatively suggest that this structure is created by the wind of Mira B blowing a bubble in the expanding envelope of Mira A.
description: Letter accepted in A&A
title: The investigation of CT value measured by low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) of early stage pulmonary adenocarcinoma
Creators: name: Zhang, Jing
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Lung
subject: CT
subject: Decision analysis
subject: Cancer

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: In the world, death from lung cancer is the most important part of cancer - induced death. Pulmonary nodules are the potential manifestations of lung cancer. The pulmonary nodule is a lump structure of 3 to 30mm in diameter. Since 1990s, with the...
Nuclear charge densities in spherical and deformed nuclei: towards precise calculations of charge radii
Creators: name: Reinhard, Paul-Gerhard
name: Nazarewicz, Witold
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Background: Precise measurements of atomic transitions affected by electron-nucleus hyperfine interactions offer sensitivity to explore basic properties of the atomic nucleus and study fundamental symmetries, including the search for new physics beyond the Standard Model of particle physics. Such measurements impose higher precision requirements on a theoretical description. Purpose: The nuclear charge density is composed of the proton point distribution folded with the nucleonic charge distributions. The latter induce subtle relativistic corrections due to the coupling of nucleon magnetic moments with the nuclear spin-orbit density. We assess the precision of nuclear charge density calculations by studying the behavior of relativistic corrections. Methods: The calculations are performed using Skyrme energy density functionals and density-dependent pairing force. We used the general expression for the spin-orbit form factor that is valid for spherical and deformed nuclei. Results: We studied the impact of various correction terms on the charge radii, fourth radial moments, diffraction radii, and surface thickness of spherical and deformed nuclei. The spin-orbit corrections to charge radial moments and surface thickness show strong shell fluctuations which impact high-precision predictions of isotopic shifts. Conclusions: To establish reliable constraints on the existence of new forces from isotope shift measurements,precise calculations of nuclear charge densities of deformed nuclei are needed. The proper inclusion of the spin-orbit charge density and other correction terms is essential when aiming at extraction of subtle effects which become particularly visible in isotopic trends.
description: 10 pages, 8 figures
THE REPRESENTATION OF SUICIDE IN LITERATURE: INSIGHTS FROM NUSSBAUM, OLDS, AND WALLACE
Creators: name: Shukurova, Sabokhat
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: This article examines the theme of suicide in literature through the lenses of three influential figures: Martha Nussbaum, Sharon Olds, and David Foster Wallace. Each author provides a unique perspective on the complexities of suffering, trauma, and existential despair. By analyzing their works, this study aims to illuminate how literature serves as a powerful medium for exploring the psychological and ethical dimensions of suicide, ultimately fostering a deeper understanding of human suffering.
Comparing electron-phonon coupling strength in diamond, silicon and silicon carbide: First-principles study
Creators: name: Monserrat, Bartomeu
name: Needs, R. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Renormalization of the electronic band gap due to electron-phonon coupling in the tetrahedral semiconductors diamond, silicon and cubic silicon carbide is studied from first principles. There is a marked difference between the coupling of the vibrational state to the valence band maximum and to the conduction band minimum. The strength of phonon coupling to the valence band maximum is similar between the three systems and is dominated by vibrations that change the bond length. The coupling strength to the conduction band minimum differs significantly in diamond, silicon carbide and silicon. In diamond, the coupling is dominated by six small pockets of vibrational states in the phonon Brillouin zone, that are ultimately responsible for the stronger electron-phonon coupling in this material. Our results represent a first step towards the development of an a priori understanding of electron-phonon coupling in semiconductors and insulators, that should aid the design of materials with tailored electron-phonon coupling properties.
description: 9 pages, 8 figures
The trap in the early Universe: impact on the interplay between gravitational waves and LHC physics in the 2HDM
Creators: name: Biekötter, Thomas
name: Heinemeyer, Sven
name: No, José Miguel
name: Olea-Romacho, María Olalla
name: Weiglein, Georg
Publisher: name: Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, DESY, Hamburg
Year: 2022
Subjects: CERN LHC Coll, upgrade
gravitational radiation, stochastic
electroweak interaction, critical phenomena
LISA
Higgs particle
capture
GeV
new physics
baryogenesis
ILC Coll
thermal
observatory
enhancement
history

description: We analyze the thermal history of the 2HDM and determine the parameter regions featuring a first-order electroweak phase transition (FOEWPT) and also much less studied phenomena like high-temperature electroweak (EW) symmetry non-restoration and the possibility of vacuum trapping (i.e. the Universe remains trapped in an EW-symmetric vacuum throughout the cosmological evolution, despite at $T=0$ the EW breaking vacuum is deeper). We show that the presence of vacuum trapping impedes a first-order EW phase transition in 2HDM parameter-space regions previously considered suitable for the realization of electroweak baryogenesis. Focusing then on the regions that do feature such a first-order transition, we show that the 2HDM parameter space that would yield a stochastic gravitational wave signal potentially detectable by the future LISA observatory is very contrived, and will be well probed by direct searches of 2HDM Higgs bosons at the HL-LHC, and (possibly) also via measurements of the self-coupling of the Higgs boson at 125 GeV. This has an important impact on the interplay between LISA and the LHC regarding the exploration of first-order phase transition scenarios in the 2HDM: the absence of new physics indications at the HL-LHC would severely limit the prospects of a detection by LISA. Finally, we demonstrate that as a consequence of the predicted enhancement of the self-coupling of the Higgs boson at 125 GeV the ILC would be able to probe the majority of the 2HDM parameter space yielding a FOEWPT through measurements of the self-coupling, with a large improvement in precision with respect to the HL-LHC.
title: The rhetoric of the prospectus image. Deconstructing schools’ visual promotional material in an age of neoliberal inequality.
Creators: name: Bracewell, Stuart
Publisher: name: University of Reading
Year: 2023

description: In the quasi-market of education in England in 2022, schools are forced to promote themselves in order to compete for pupil intake. This self-promotion enters the field of advertising and the semiotic techniques for decoding the messages and meanings within the images they use can be applied. Parents and pupils are also situated within hegemonic neoliberal discourse with its mythologies of competition and meritocracy. They too are pushed into competition to make ‘wise choices’ around educational investment and choice of school. Applying the concepts of cultural capital and habitus from Bourdieu, my research seeks to examine how the process of school choice can function in cycles of the social reproduction of advantage and disadvantage. I argue that parents’ choice of schools is influenced by the interpellation of the signifiers of social status present in the images used by schools to market themselves. Images contain calls of “Hey You!” that different audiences, different parents, may respond to. This then acts as a form of Lacanian ‘quilting point’ that anchors the floating signifier(s) in the image into the ideological discourse of parents as ‘entrepreneurs of the self’ making the right choices for their children. Drawing from an visual analysis of 1300+ images found in a sample of 50 Secondary School prospectuses in the South East of England this thesis employs the semiotic methods of Barthes’ “Rhetoric of the Image” to uncover the signs and mythologies of distinction, social status and educational discourse that can be found saturated in the sample images.
NLO Electroweak Corrections to Multi-Boson Processes at the Muon Collider
Creators: name: Bredt, Pia
name: Kilian, Wolfgang
name: Reuter, Jürgen
name: Stienemeier, Pascal
Publisher: name: Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, DESY, Hamburg
Year: 2022
Subjects: muon, storage ring
boson, massive
boson, multiplicity
electroweak interaction, correction
energy, high
boson, production
collinear
photon
Monte Carlo
TeV

description: We present first results on NLO electroweak (EW) corrections to multiple massive boson production processes at the proposed muon collider. Inclusive cross sections with $\mathcal{O}(\alpha)$ corrections for processes covering up to four bosons in the final state as well as differential distributions for $HZ$ production are computed for $\sqrt{s}=3$, $10$ and $14$ TeV by using FKS subtraction in the NLO EW automated Monte-Carlo framework WHIZARD+RECOLA. Large logarithmic effects due to collinear ISR and EW virtual correction factors as well as the impacts of an energy cut on hard photons are discussed with an emphasis on the differential distributions for Higgsstrahlung. The tremendous potential of the proposed muon collider for studying physics of the EW sector is underlined by the EW corrections significantly affecting observables for processes at high energies and boson multiplicities. Without precision predictions it is not possible to firmly establish potential signals from New Physics.
title: Higher symmetry in women's gray matter is present since childhood.
Creators: name: Cambra Marti, Maria Rosa
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Quality assurance
subject: Experimental investigations
subject: MR
subject: Paediatric
subject: Neuroradiology brain

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: It is well known that the brain presents some systematic functional asymmetries, such as language or spatial attention, which are dominated by the left and the right hemisphere, respectively [1]. To what extent these lateralization patterns reflect...
The Galois Complexity of Graph Drawing: Why Numerical Solutions are Ubiquitous for Force-Directed, Spectral, and Circle Packing Drawings
Creators: name: Bannister, Michael J.
name: Devanny, William E.
name: Eppstein, David
name: Goodrich, Michael T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Computational Geometry (cs.CG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Many well-known graph drawing techniques, including force directed drawings, spectral graph layouts, multidimensional scaling, and circle packings, have algebraic formulations. However, practical methods for producing such drawings ubiquitously use iterative numerical approximations rather than constructing and then solving algebraic expressions representing their exact solutions. To explain this phenomenon, we use Galois theory to show that many variants of these problems have solutions that cannot be expressed by nested radicals or nested roots of low-degree polynomials. Hence, such solutions cannot be computed exactly even in extended computational models that include such operations.
description: Graph Drawing 2014
Primordial black holes and gravitational waves from dissipation during inflation
Creators: name: Ballesteros, Guillermo
name: García, Marcos A. G.
name: Rodríguez, Alejandro Pérez
name: Pierre, Mathias
name: Rey, Julián
Publisher: name: Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, DESY, Hamburg
Year: 2022
Subjects: black hole, primordial
gravitational radiation, background
gravitational radiation, induced
background, stochastic
curvature, fluctuation
noise, thermal
curvature, perturbation
energy, density
inflation
power spectrum
dissipation
differential equations
mass spectrum
dark matter
mixing
perturbation theory
Einstein equation
enhancement

description: We study the generation of a localized peak in the primordial spectrum of curvature perturbations from a transient dissipative phase during inflation, leading to a large population of primordial black holes. The enhancement of the power spectrum occurs due to stochastic thermal noise sourcing curvature fluctuations. We solve the stochastic system of Einstein equations for many realizations of the noise and obtain the distribution for the curvature power spectrum. We then propose a method to find its expectation value using a deterministic system of differential equations. In addition, we find a single stochastic equation whose analytic solution helps to understand the main features of the spectrum. Finally, we derive a complete expression and a numerical estimate for the energy density of the stochastic background of gravitational waves induced at second order in perturbation theory. This includes the gravitational waves induced during inflation, during the subsequent radiation epoch and their mixing. Our scenario provides a novel way of generating primordial black hole dark matter with a peaked mass distribution and a detectable stochastic background of gravitational waves from inflation.
title: CT perfusion in ischaemic stroke: clinical-radiological correlation
Creators: name: Pozzi Mucelli, Roberta
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Neuroradiology brain
subject: CT
subject: CT-Angiography
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Ischaemia / Infarction

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: To evaluate the impact of CT perfusion in clinical outcome of patients with acute ischemic stroke, who undergo endovenous thrombolysis and evaluate if perfusion maps may guide the fibrinolytic...