Nanophareus Roewer 1929
Creators: name: Hara, Marcos Ryotaro
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Opiliones
Gonyleptidae
Nanophareus

description: Nanophareus Roewer, 1929
Nanophareus Roewer, 1929: 280 (key, desc) (see the complete synonymic listing in Hara et al. 2012).
Type species: Nanophareus palpalis Roewer, 1929, by monotypy.
Diagnosis. Easily distinguished from other Pachylinae by: pedipalpal patella inserted dorsally on tibia (except N. bicornutus sp. nov.); pedipalpal tibia baso-ventrally curved at 90° in lateral view (except N. bicornutus sp. nov.), with retrolateral distal or subdistal socket setae longest and apically bifid (one short and one long setae); pedipalpal patella and tibia with dorsal tubercles (except N. bosqenublado); a widened and low ocularium that superficially appears divided (except N. araucanus, N. polyhastatus sp. nov. and N. maipu sp. nov.).
Redescription. Male: Dorsum: Anterior margin of carapace with frontal hump and a row of tubercles on each side. Ocularium low and widened (approximately ½ carapace width, rendering a divided appearance), low and narrow (clearly less than ⅓ carapace width) or domed and not widened (approximately ⅓ carapace width). Ocularium almost smooth or tuberculate, unarmed, with unpaired median enlarged tubercles, or with a paramedian pair of slightly enlarged tubercles. Dorsal scutum with five transverse grooves delimiting four scutal areas. Scutal area I divided in half by a longitudinal median groove; scutal area III unarmed (N. bosqenublado, N. bipartitus, N. palpalis and N. maipu sp. nov.) or with a pair of enlarged tubercles (N. bicornutus sp. nov. and N. polyhastatus sp. nov.) or spines (N. araucanus). Body shape roughly pyriform (types alpha or gamma), wider between scutal grooves I and IV. Lateral margin of dorsal scutum with an external row of enlarged tubercles inserted amongst small ones (inapplicable in N. bosqenublado because it lacks the external row of tubercles). Posterior margin of dorsal scutum and free tergites I–III each with a row of tubercles. Anal operculum tuberculate.
Chelicerae: Similarly shaped in males and females. Segment I with a bulla marked in variable degrees, smooth or with sparse tubercles; both fingers toothed (with a few triangle- to laminar-shaped projections).
Pedipalps: Coxa dorso-basally inflated, trochanter inflated with sparse tubercles. Femur unarmed, with (only N. maipu sp. nov.) or without prolateral subapical seta. Patella partially dorsally (only N. bicornutus sp. nov.) or dorsally inserted in tibia. Tibia baso-ventrally oblique (only N. bicornutus sp. nov.) or curved at 90° in lateral view, with variable setation, retrolateral distal or subdistal socket setae longest and apically bifid (1 short and 1 long setae). Tarsus with variable setation.
Legs: Coxa I with 1 prolateral (absent only in N. maipu sp. nov.), 1 retrolateral apophyses; coxa II ditto (only 1 prolateral apophysis in N. bicornutus sp. nov.), with 1 small dorsomedian tubercle (absent in N. bosqenublado and N. bicornutus), 1 retrolateral apophysis fused at apex with prolateral apophysis of coxa III (except N. bicornutus); III with 1 prolateral, 1 retrolateral apophyses; IV tuberculate, with 1 prolateral apical apophysis more developed in male than female. Coxa IV surpassing dorsal scutum in dorsal view, visible in all extension. Trochanters I–IV tuberculate; IV armed prolaterally. Femora-tibiae I–IV with tubercles roughly arranged in 6 longitudinal rows (a pro- and a retrodorsal row, a pro- and a retroventral row, a pro- and a retrolateral row). Femora I–II roughly straight and unarmed; III–IV roughly straight or strongly sigmoid with variable armature.
Penis: Glans with stylus and ventral process, without dorsal process. Ventral process of glans with apex of variable shape. Ventral plate developed, almost rectangular (widened at basal half), anterior margin straight, distal half slightly thickened, with 3–4 pairs of distal conical setae (MS C), 0–3 pairs of subdistal/median ventral small setae (MS E), 1 pair of median small setae (MS D), 3 pairs of basal setae.
Female: as in Hara et al. 2012.
Composition. Nanophareus palpalis Roewer, 1929 (type species of the genus), N. araucanus Hara et al., 2012, N. bicornutus sp. nov., N. bipartitus Hara et al., 2012, N. bosqenublado Hara et al., 2012, N. maipu sp. nov. and N. polyhastatus sp. nov..
description: Published as part of Hara, Marcos Ryotaro, 2016, Cladistic analysis and description of three new species of the Chilean genus Nanophareus (Opiliones: Gonyleptidae: Pachylinae), pp. 101-123 in Zootaxa 4105 (2) on pages 109-110, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4105.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/256481