cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Chenopodium vulvaria L.
Creators: name: Paul Carpenter Standley
Publisher: name: New York Botanical Garden
Year: 1916
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Caryophyllales
Amaranthaceae
Chenopodium
Chenopodium vulvaria

description: 26. Chenopodium Vulvaria L. Sp. Pl 220. 1753.
Atriplex Vulvaria Crantz, Inst. 1: 207. 1766.
Chenopodium foetidum Lam. Fl. Fr. 3: 244. 1778.
Chenopodium olidum Curt. Fl. Lond. 5; pl. 20. 1788.
Chenopodium album Kuntze, Taschen-Fl. Leipz. 218. 1867.
Vulvaria vulgaris Bubani, Fl. Pyren. 1: 175. 1897.
Ill-scented annual, much branched from the base and often throughout, the branches ascending, 1.5-4 dm. long, slender or stout, copiously farinose; petioles half as long as the blades or longer, often equaling them; leaf-blades rhombic-ovate to ovate-orbicular, 1-3.5 cm. long and as wide, rounded to acutish at the apex, mostly rounded at the base, entire, thick, copiously farinose beneath, often glabrate on the upper surface; flowers in small glomerules, these in slender or stout, usually dense, paniculate spikes, the inflorescence little branched, usually leafy; calyx densely farinose, the lobes obtuse, rounded on the back, completely enclosing the fruit; pericarp adherent; seed horizontal, depressed-globose, dull, slightly puncticulate, black, 1 mm. broad, the margin rounded.
Type locality: Europe.
Distribution: Europe, western Asia, and northern Africa; sparsely adventive from Quebec and Ontario to Maryland and Wisconsin, and in Florida.
Illustrations: Curt. Fl. Lond. 5: pl. 20; Engl. Bot. pl. 1034; Fl. Dan. pl. 1152; Dodoens, Pempt. 605; Blackw. Herb. pl. 100; Woodv. Med. Bot. pl. 145; Sturm, Deuts. Fl. 75: pl. 14; Britt. & Brown, lll, Fl. ed. 2.f. 1681; Reichenb. Ic. Fl. Germ. 24: pi. 237; Moss, Cambr. Brit. Fl. pl. 157; Hegi, Ill. Fl. pl. 95, f. 3; Pratt, Fl. PI. Great Brit. pl. 175, f. 3; Benth. Ill. Handb. f. 835; Fiori & Paol. Ic. Fl. Ital. f. 1009.
description: Published as part of Paul Carpenter Standley, 1916, Chenopodiaceae, pp. 20 in North American Flora, New York :New York Botanical Garden on page 20
Reassessing Railroads and Growth: Accounting for Transport Network Endogeneity
Creators: name: Swisher IV, S. N.
Publisher: name: Faculty of Economics
Year: 2017
Subjects: Economic growth
transport infrastructure
network formation games
strategic comple- ments
railroads
counterfactual history
multiple equilibria
computation
simulation

description: Motivated by the seminal work of Robert Fogel on U.S. railroads, I reformulate Fogel's original counter- factual history question on 19th century U.S. economic growth without railroads by treating the transport network as an endogenous equilibrium object. I quantify the effect of the railroad on U.S. growth from its introduction in 1830 to 1861. Specifically, I estimate the output loss in a counterfactual world with- out the technology to build railroads, but retaining the ability to construct the next-best alternative of canals. My main contribution is to endogenize the counterfactual canal network through a decentralized network formation game played by profit-maximizing transport firms. I perform a similar exercise in a world without canals. My counterfactual differs from Fogel's in three main ways: I develop a structural model of transport link costs that takes heterogeneity in geography into account to determine the cost of unobserved links, the output distribution is determined in the model as a function of transport costs, and the transport network is endogenized as a stable result of a particular network formation game. I find that railroads and canals are strategic complements, not strategic substitutes. Therefore, the output loss can be quite acute when one or the other is missing from the economy. In the set of Nash stable networks, relative to the factual world, the median value of output is 45% lower in the canals only counterfactual and 49% lower in the railroads only counterfactual. With only one of the transportation technologies available, inequality in output across cities would have been lower in variance terms but sharply higher in terms of the maximum-minimum gap. Such a stark output loss is due to two main mechanisms: inefficiency of the decentralized equilibrium due to network externalities and complementarities due to spatial heterogeneity in costs across the two transport modes.
title: ADCO, Cartulaire général de Cîteaux, dit de Jean de Cirey, (XVe siècle), tome IV, Cart. 188 (11 H 73), f. 0049r
Creators: name: de la Côte d'Or, Archives départementales
name: Archives Départementales De La Côte-D'Or
name: Petot, Frédérique
name: Projet CBMA
name: CG21/F.PETOT/2012
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: LaMOP
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris
subject: Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi
subject: Chartes de la Bourgogne du Moyen Âge
subject: cartulaire

description: Cartulaire général de Cîteaux, dit de Jean de Cirey, (XVe siècle), tome IV, Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, Cart. 188 (11 H 73), f. 0049r, Numérisation en mode image.
description: Relation: http://www.cbma-project.eu/
description: Bibliographic citation: Cartulaire général de Cîteaux, dit de Jean de Cirey, (XVe siècle), tome IV, Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, Cart. 188 (11 H 73), f. 0049r, in Projet CBMA - Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi [Ressource en ligne], https:// manuscrits.cbma-project.eu/
description: Provenance: https://www.geonames.org/3024876
description: Provenance: http://www.idref.fr/030974844/id
description: Provenance: https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12228351v
description: Provenance: abbaye de Cîteaux
description: Provenance: http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q843261
Effect of edge disturbance on shear banding in polymeric solutions
Creators: name: Shin, Seunghwan
name: Dorfman, Kevin D.
name: Cheng, Xiang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Edge instabilities are believed to be one of the possible causes of shear banding in entangled polymeric fluids. Here, we investigate the effect of edge disturbance on the shear-induced dynamics of well-entangled DNA solutions. Using a custom high-aspect-ratio planar-Couette cell, we systematically measure the velocity profiles of sheared DNA samples at different distances away from the edge of the shear cell. Under a weak oscillatory shear with the corresponding Weissenberg number (Wi) smaller than 1, where DNA solutions exhibit linear velocity profiles with strong wall slip, the penetration depth of the edge disturbance is on the order of the gap thickness of the shear cell, consistent with the behavior of Newtonian fluids. However, under a strong oscillatory shear with Wi > 1 that produces shear-banding flows, the penetration depth is an order of magnitude larger than the gap thickness and becomes spatially anisotropic. Moreover, we find that the shear-banding flows persist deep inside the sheared sample, where the effect of edge disturbance diminishes. Hence, our experiments demonstrate an abnormally long penetration depth of edge disturbance and illustrate the bulk nature of shear-banding flows of entangled polymeric fluids under time-dependent oscillatory shear.
description: 8 pages, 6 figures (accepted by J. Rheol.)
Parity conserving gamma asymmetry in n-p radiative capture
Creators: name: Csoto, Attila
name: Gibson, B. F.
name: Payne, G. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The importance of n-p radiative capture, utilizing polarized cold neutrons, as a means of measuring the weak pion coupling constant is reviewed. Parity conserving processes of the form k_gamma*[s_n,k_n] can contribute to the s_n*k_gamma photon asymmetry in any such experiment, if the apparatus is not perfectly symmetric. For an incident laboratory neutron energy of 0.003 eV a value of A^{PC}_{gamma}=0.67*10^{-8} is obtained for two different potential models (Argonne AV14 and Nijmegen Reid93). Serving as an extreme test case, the Reid soft core potential yields 0.61*10^{-8}, close to the result of the contemporary forces. Implications for extracting the weak pion coupling constant and for monitoring the beam polarization are discussed.
description: 8 pages
Investigation of the probable homo-dimer model of the Xeroderma pigmentosum complementation group A (XPA) protein to represent the DNA-binding core
Creators: name: Sushmita Pradhan
name: Himakshi Sarma
name: Venkata Satish Kumar Mattaparthi
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Computational Biology

description: The Xeroderma pigmentosum complementation group A (XPA) protein functions as a primary damage verifier and as a scaffold protein in nucleotide excision repair (NER) in all higher organisms. New evidence of XPA’s existence as a dimer and the redefinition of its DNA-binding domain (DBD) raises new questions regarding the stability and functional position of XPA in NER. Here, we have investigated XPA’s dimeric status with respect to its previously defined DBD (XPA98-219) as well as with its redefined DBD (XPA98-239). We studied the stability of XPA98-210 and XPA98-239 homo-dimer systems using all-atom molecular dynamics simulation, and we have also characterized the protein–protein interactions (PPI) of these two homo-dimeric forms of XPA. After conducting the root mean square deviation (RMSD) analyses, it was observed that the XPA98-239 homo-dimer has better stability than XPA98-210. It was also found that XPA98-239 has a larger number of hydrogen bonds, salt bridges, and hydrophobic interactions than the XPA98-210 homo-dimer. We further found that Lys, Glu, Gln, Asn, and Arg residues shared the major contribution toward the intermolecular interactions in XPA homo-dimers. The binding free energy (BFE) analysis, which used the molecular mechanics Poisson–Boltzmann method (MM-PBSA) and the generalized Born and surface area continuum solvation model (GBSA) for both XPA homo-dimers, also substantiated the positive result in favor of the stability of the XPA98-239 homo-dimer. Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma
Fixed on Flexible Rethinking Exchange Rate Regimes after the Great Recession
Creators: name: Corsetti, G.
name: Kuester, K
name: Müller, G. J.
Publisher: name: Faculty of Economics
Year: 2017
Subjects: External shock
Great Recession
Exchange rate
Zero lower bound
Exchange rate peg
Currency union
Fiscal Multiplier
Benign coincidence

description: The zero lower bound problem during the Great Recession has exposed the limits of monetary autonomy, prompting a re-evaluation of the relative benefits of currency pegs and monetary unions (see e.g. Cook and Devereux, 2016). We revisit this issue from the perspective of a small open economy. While a peg can be beneficial when the recession originates domestically, we show that a float dominates in the face of deflationary demand shocks abroad. When the rest of the world is in a liquidity trap, the domestic currency depreciates in nominal and real terms even in the absence of domestic monetary stimulus (if domestic rates are also at the zero lower bound) - enhancing the country's competitiveness and insulating to some extent the domestic economy from foreign deflationary pressure.
Chenopodium olidum Curt.
Creators: name: Johann Christoph Röhling
Publisher: name: Freidrich Wilmans
Year: 1826
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Caryophyllales
Amaranthaceae
Chenopodium
Chenopodium olidum

description: 783. Chenopodium olidum. Curt. Stinkender Gansefufs.
Die Blätter rauten-eyförmig, ganzrandig, grau-mehlig; die Blü-thensch weife blattlos; die Samen glänzend, sehr fein punktirt, wagerecht.
Beschreib. Bei den Floristen.
Abbild. Curt. Lond. 3. t. 20. E.B. 1034. Flor. Dan. t. 1152. Blackw. t. 100.
Getrockn. Samml. Schles. Cent. 1. Wett. Gent. 5.
Syn. Chenopodium olidum Curt. Smith. Hofm. Ch. foetidum. Lamk. Fl. franc. 3. p. 244. Dict. encycl. I. pag. 196. R. et Sch. VI. pag. 262. (foetidum ist die älteste Art-Bezeichnung!) Ch. vulvaria Linn. Spec. pl. 321.
Tr. u. a. N. Stinkende Hure. Buhlkraut. Schaamkraut.
Der Stengel vom Grunde an sehr ästig, nach allen. Seiten hin-gebreitet, ½-1', graumehlig wie die ganze Pflanze. Die Blätter ge-stielt, rautenförmig, stumpflich, oder auch spitz, ganzrandig, grau- grün, in der Jugend auf beiden Seiten, später nur auf der untern reichlich mit Mehl bestreut, die untern eyförmig, mit wenig bemerkli-chen Seiten winkeln, gegenständig, die obern nicht selten mit einer in einen kurzen Zahn vorspringenden Seitenecke, abwechselnd gestellt. Die Blüthenknäuel in kurzen, gestielten, nackten, doldentraubigen Blüthenschweifen aus den Achseln der obern Blätter, am Ende des Stengels und der Aeste kurze, zusammengesetzte Aehren bildend. Die Samen linsenförmig, mit einem Stümpfen Rande, schwarz, glänzend, sehr fein ausgestochen punktirt. Die Pflanze hat einen höchst wider-lichen Geruch, nach fauligter Häringslake. - An bebauten Stellen in Kuchengarten, auf den Mist- und Schutthaufen in Stadten durch ganz Deutschland hin und wieder. Juli. August.
description: Published as part of Johann Christoph Röhling, 1826, Chenopodium olidum, pp. 304-305 in Deutschlands Flora, Frankfurt am Main :Freidrich Wilmans on pages 304-305
Bremsstrahlung from an Equilibrating Quark-Gluon Plasma
Creators: name: Mustafa, Munshi G.
name: Thoma, Markus H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The photon production rate from a chemically equilibrating quark-gluon plasma likely to be produced at RHIC (BNL) and LHC (CERN) energies is estimated taking into account bremsstrahlung. The plasma is assumed to be in local thermal equilibrium, but with a phase space distribution that deviates from the Fermi or Bose distribution by space-time dependent factors (fugacities). The photon spectrum is obtained by integrating the photon rate over the space-time history of the plasma, adopting a boost invariant cylindrically symmetric transverse expansion of the system with different nuclear profile functions. Initial conditions obtained from a self-screened parton cascade calculation and, for comparison, from the HIJING model are used. Compared to an equilibrated plasma at the same initial energy density, taken from the self-screened parton cascade, a moderate suppression of the photon yield by a factor of one to five depending on the collision energy and the photon momentum is observed. The individual contributions to the photon production, however, are completely different in the both scenarios.
description: 14 pages, 4 figures, shortened version to be published in Phys. Rev. C
Floating of Extended States and Localization Transition in a Weak Magnetic Field
Creators: name: Yang, Kun
name: Bhatt, R. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report results of a numerical study of non-interacting electrons moving in a random potential in two dimensions in the presence of a weak perpendicular magnetic field. We study the topological properties of the electronic eigenstates within a tight binding model. We find that in the weak magnetic field or strong randomness limit, extended states float up in energy. Further, the localization length is found to diverge at the insulator phase boundary with the same exponent $ν$ as that of the isolated lowest Landau band (high magnetic field limit).
description: RevTex, 4 pages, 3 figures available upon request
Spin dependent structure function $g_1$ at small $x$ and small $Q^2$
Creators: name: Badełek, B.
name: Kwieciński, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Theoretical expectations concerning the low $x$ and low $Q^2$ behaviour of $g_1$ are summarized and compared with the recent SMC data.
description: 4 pages, plain LATEX, 1 eps figure; contribution to 3rd UK Phenomenology Workshop on HERA Physics, St. John's College, Durham, UK, September 1998
On the bound states of the discrete Schrödinger equation with compactly supported potentials
Creators: name: Aktosun, Tuncay
name: Choque-Rivero, Abdon E.
name: Papanicolaou, Vassilis G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 39A70 47B39 81U15 34A33

description: The discrete Schrödinger operator with the Dirichlet boundary condition is considered on the half-line lattice $n\in \{1,2,3,\dots\}.$ It is assumed that the potential belongs to class $\mathcal A_b,$ i.e. it is real valued, vanishes when $n>b$ with $b$ being a fixed positive integer, and is nonzero at $n=b.$ The proof is provided to show that the corresponding number of bound states, $N,$ must satisfy the inequality $0\le N\le b.$ It is shown that for each fixed nonnegative integer $k$ in the set $\{0,1,2,\dots,b\},$ there exist infinitely many potentials in class $\mathcal A_b$ for which the corresponding Schrödinger operator has exactly $k$ bound states. Some auxiliary results are presented to relate the number of bound states to the number of real resonances associated with the corresponding Schrödinger operator. The theory presented is illustrated with some explicit examples.
description: 27 pages
CHENOPODIUM
Creators: name: John Lindley
Publisher: name: Longman, Orme, Brown, Green and Longmans
Year: 1838
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Caryophyllales
Amaranthaceae
Chenopodium

description: CHENOPODIUM.
Calyx inferior, in 5 deep, ovate, concave, permanent segments, membranous at the edges, Filaments awl-shaped, opposite to the segments, and about as long. Anthers of 2 round lobes. Ovary orbicular, depressed. Styles short. Stigmas obtuse, Seed solitary, lenticular, crustaceous, enveloped in a very thin, mem-branous, close utricle, and covered by the permanent, 5-angled calyx.
- Waste ground, common in many places, especially near the sea. (Stinking goosefoot)
Root small. Stems several, branched, spreading or prostrate. Whole herb of a dull greyish-green, covered with a greasy mealiness, which, when touched, exhales a strong, permanent, nauseous odour, like stale saltfish. Leaves stalked, acute, entire, ovate, or slightly rhomboid, not an i nch long. Flowers small, in oblong, interrupted spikes. Seed dotted. -According to Chevallier this plant exhales pure ammonia, during its whole existence. Notwithstanding Its nauseous odour it is still employed as an antispasmodic and emmenagogue, and is constantly to be found in the herb-shops of Covent Garden market.
description: Published as part of John Lindley, 1838, Chenopodium, pp. 347-349 in Flora Medica, London :Longman, Orme, Brown, Green and Longmans on pages 347-348
On-line screening and identification of polyphenolic antioxidant compounds of Convolvulus trabutianus
Creators: name: Belaouira, Randa
name: Marchioni, Eric
name: Benayache, Fadila
name: Benayache, Samir
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Plant Biology

description: Convolvulus trabutianus Schweinf. & Muschl. is an endemic plant from northern Sahara used in folk medicine. Herein we report, the isolation, characterization and evaluation of the radical scavenging properties of twenty three compounds from different extracts of this species by on-line HPLC-ABTS•+ screening. These compounds include nine phenolic acids: 2, 6, 10–16, two phytosterols: 3–4, four coumarins: 5, 7–9, two quinic acids: 21 and 22 and six flavonoids: 1, 17–20 and 23 among which the most active were: 10, 16, 21 and 22. All the extracts showed a significant antioxidant activity on-line. These results were validated off-line by ORAC and TEAC assays. Four compounds: 1, 5, 18 and 19 were described for the first time from the Convolvulaceae family, whereas compounds 2, 6, 8, 10, 13 and 21 were new for the genus Convolvulus.
One-loop effective potential of N=1 supersymmetric theory and decoupling effects
Creators: name: Buchbinder, I. L.
name: Cvetic, M.
name: Petrov, A. Yu.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the decoupling effects in N=1 (global) supersymmetric theories with chiral superfields at the one-loop level. The examples of gauge neutral chiral superfields with the minimal (renormalizable) as well as non-minimal (non- renormalizable) couplings are considered, and decoupling in gauge theories with U(1) gauge superfields that couple to heavy chiral matter is studied. We calculate the one-loop corrected effective Lagrangians that involve light fields and heavy fields with mass of order M. The elimination of heavy fields by equations of motion leads to decoupling effects with terms that grow logarithmically with M. These corrections renormalize light fields and couplings in the theory (in accordance with the "decoupling theorem"). When the field theory is an effective theory of the underlying fundamental theory, like superstring theory, where the couplings are calculable, such decoupling effects modify the low-energy predictions for the effective couplings of light fields. In particular, for the class of string vacua with an "anomalous" U(1) the vacuum restabilization triggers the decoupling effects, which can significantly modify the low energy predictions for the couplings of the surviving light fields. We also demonstrate that quantum corrections to the chiral potential depending on massive background superfields and corresponding to supergraphs with internal massless lines and external massive lines can also arise at the two-loop level.
description: LaTeX, 57 pages, minor corrections; to be published in Nucl. Phys. B
A new indole-type alkaloid from the roots of Clematis florida var. plena
Creators: name: Sun, Kai-Hui
name: Ma, Xin-Hua
name: Zeng, Xian-Ming
name: Zhong-Yue Lin
name: Cai, Yu-Mei
name: Zhang, Hai-Tao
name: Lin, Xiao-Yan
name: Shi-Biao Feng
name: Zhong, Tian-Hua
name: Zhang, Yong-Hong
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: One new indole-type alkaloid, α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→6)-β-D- glucopyranosyl 6-methoxy-3-indolecarbonate (1), together with three known alkaloids (2–4), one aromatic acid (5) and five known saponins (6–10), was isolated from the roots of Clematis florida var. plena. Their structures were established by NMR spectroscopic analysis and acid hydrolysis. In in vivo anti-inflammatory activity, n-butanol extract was found to be potent against ear edema in mice, with inhibition rate of 48.7% at a dose of 800 mg/kg. Furthermore, compounds 8 and 9 obtained from the n-butanol extract exhibited significant anti-inflammatory activities with inhibition rates of 50.9% and 54.7% at a dose of 200 mg/kg.
Characterization of microdot apodizers for imaging exoplanets with next-generation space telescopes
Creators: name: Zhang, Manxuan
name: Ruane, Garreth
name: Delorme, Jacques-Robert
name: Mawet, Dimitri
name: Jovanavic, Nemanja
name: Jewell, Jeffrey
name: Shaklan, Stuart
name: Wallace, J. Kent
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A major science goal of future, large-aperture, optical space telescopes is to directly image and spectroscopically analyze reflected light from potentially habitable exoplanets. To accomplish this, the optical system must suppress diffracted light from the star to reveal point sources approximately ten orders of magnitude fainter than the host star at small angular separation. Coronagraphs with microdot apodizers achieve the theoretical performance needed to image Earth-like planets with a range of possible telescope designs, including those with obscured and segmented pupils. A test microdot apodizer with various bulk patterns (step functions, gradients, and sinusoids) and 4 different dot sizes (3, 5, 7, and 10 $μ$m) made of small chrome squares on anti-reflective glass was characterized with microscopy, optical laser interferometry, as well as transmission and reflectance measurements at wavelengths of 600 and 800 nm. Microscopy revealed the microdots were fabricated to high precision. Results from laser interferometry showed that the phase shifts observed in reflection vary with the local microdot fill factor. Transmission measurements showed that microdot fill factor and transmission were linearly related for dot sizes >5 $μ$m. However, anomalously high transmittance was measured when the dot size is <5x the wavelength and the fill factor is approximately 50%, where the microdot pattern becomes periodic. The transmission excess is not as prominent in the case of larger dot sizes suggesting that it is likely to be caused by the interaction between the incident field and electronic resonances in the surface of the metallic microdots. We used our empirical models of the microdot apodizers to optimize a second generation of reflective apodizer designs and confirmed that the amplitude and phase of the reflected beam closely matches the ideal wavefront.
description: Space Telescopes and Instrumentation 2018: Optical, Infrared, and Millimeter Wave
Conductance Anomalies for Normal-Metal-Insulator-Superconductor Contacts
Creators: name: Yip, Sungkit
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper considers the conductance through a dirty junction between a normal conductor and a superconductor with an insulating barrier. It is shown that for large barrier resistances there is a relative enhancement of the conductance near zero voltage, whereas for low barrier resistance this anomaly appears at finite voltage.
description: 7 pages, latex, 7 figures, uufiles
Chenopodium glaucum L.
Creators: name: Charles Joseph Pitard and Louis Proust
Publisher: name: Paul Klincksieck
Year: 1908
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Caryophyllales
Amaranthaceae
Chenopodium
Chenopodium glaucum

description: C. glaucum L., Sp., 320; D C., Fl. Fr., III, 393; Dub., Bot., 396; Loiss., Gall., I, 215; G et U., Fl. Fr., III, 21.
Signalée par Broussonet, il n'a pas été revu depuis.
Europe, Afrique septentrionale.
description: Published as part of Charles Joseph Pitard and Louis Proust, 1908, Chenopodieae, pp. 326-327 in Les îles Canaries. Flore de l'archipel, Paris :Paul Klincksieck on pages 326-327
Official Sector Lending Strategies During the Euro Area Crisis
Creators: name: Corsetti, G.
name: Erce, A.
name: Uy, T.
Publisher: name: Faculty of Economics
Year: 2017
Subjects: Crisis management
debt sustainability
loans maturity
market access
private sector involvement
seniority
yield curve.

description: In response to the euro area crisis, European policymakers took a gradual, incremental approach to official lending, at first relying on the approach followed by the International Monetary Fund, then developing their own crisis resolution framework. We review this development, marked by a substantial divergence in the terms of official loans offered to the crisis countries by the IMF and the euro area official lenders. Based on a unique dataset, we use event analysis to assess the impact of changing maturity and spreads of official loans on bond yields, liquidity and market access. In light of the euro area experience, we discuss arguments for rebalancing Debt Sustainability Analysis and programme design towards cash-flow management. While the official assistance granted to crisis countries in the euro area may not be replicable elsewhere, key lessons from it that could foster a reconsideration of the modalities by which official lending institutions handle crises.
Top Dipole Form Factors and Loop-induced CP-violation in Supersymmetry
Creators: name: Hollik, W.
name: Illana, J. I.
name: Rigolin, S.
name: Schappacher, C.
name: Stöckinger, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The one-loop Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model (MSSM) contributions to the weak and electromagnetic dipole form factors of the top quark are presented. Far from the Z peak, they are not sufficient to account for all the new physics effects. In the context of the calculation of the process e^+e^- -> t tbar to one loop in the MSSM, we compare the impact on the phenomenology of the CP-violating dipole form factors of the top quark with the contribution from CP-violating box graphs. Some exemplificative observables are analyzed and the relevance of both the contributions is pointed out. The one-loop expressions for the electromagnetic and weak dipole form factors in a general renormalizable theory and the SM and MSSM couplings and conventions are also given.
description: 43 pages LaTeX. PS figures included with epsf.sty. Labels `N' and `T' in Tables 2,3 exchanged
Nonparametric Recovery of the Yield Curve Evolution from Cross-Section and Time Series Information
Creators: name: Koo, B.
name: La Vecchia, D.
name: Linton, O.
Publisher: name: Faculty of Economics
Year: 2019
Subjects: nonparametric inference
panel data
time varying
yield curve dynamics

description: We develop estimation methodology for an additive nonparametric panel model that is suitable for capturing the pricing of coupon-paying government bonds followed over many time periods. We use our model to estimate the discount function and yield curve of nominally riskless government bonds. The novelty of our approach is the combination of two different techniques: cross-sectional nonparametric methods and kernel estimation for time varying dynamics in the time series context. The resulting estimator is able to capture the yield curve shapes and dynamics commonly observed in the fixed income markets. We establish the consistency, the rate of convergence, and the asymptotic normality of the proposed estimator. A Monte Carlo exercise illustrates the good performance of the method under different scenarios. We apply our methodology to the daily CRSP bond dataset, and compare with the popular Diebold and Li (2006) method.
NLL BFKL and NNLO
Creators: name: Del Duca, Vittorio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The BFKL resummation at LL and NLL accuracy is briefly reviewed, with particular emphasis on the connection between the NLL corrections to the BFKL equation and exact NNLO calculations.
description: LaTeX, 4 pages, with npb.sty. To appear in the Proceedings of DIS99, Zeuthen, Germany, in Nucl. Phys. B (Proc. Suppl.)
Quantum Nucleation of Two-Flavor Quark Matter in Neutron Stars
Creators: name: Iida, Kei
name: Sato, Katsuhiko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Rates for nucleation of two-flavor quark matter in a neutron star core, originally composed of nuclear matter in $β$ equilibrium, are calculated at zero temperature by a quantum tunneling analysis incorporating the electrostatic energy. We find that a nucleated droplet would develop into bulk matter due to electron screening effects.
description: 8 pages (LaTeX, PTP style), 4 Postscript figures, to be published in Prog. Theor. Phys. (Letters)
Chenopodium urbicum L.
Creators: name: Charles Joseph Pitard and Louis Proust
Publisher: name: Paul Klincksieck
Year: 1908
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Caryophyllales
Amaranthaceae
Chenopodium
Chenopodium urbicum

description: C. urbicum L., Sp., 318; DC., Fl. Fr., III, 389; Dub., Bot., 397; Loiss., Gall., I, 214; G. et G., Fl. Fr., III, 20.
Indiquée par Link aux Canaries, où il n'a pas été mentionné depuis avec certitude.
Europe.
description: Published as part of Charles Joseph Pitard and Louis Proust, 1908, Chenopodieae, pp. 326-327 in Les îles Canaries. Flore de l'archipel, Paris :Paul Klincksieck on pages 326-327
Exchange Rate Shocks and Quality Adjustments
Creators: name: Goetz, Daniel
name: Rodnyansky, Alexander
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: Quality Downgrading
Exchange Rate Pass-through
Devaluations
Crisis
Demand Estimation

description: Do firms respond to cost shocks by reducing the quality of their products? Using microdata from a large Russian retailer that varies its offerings twice-yearly, we document that ruble devaluations are associated with a reduction in the observed material quality of products imported for resale, but that higher quality goods are also more profitable. We reconcile these facts using a simple multi-product sourcing model that features a demand system with expenditure switching, where more profitable products can be dropped more quickly after a cost shock. The estimated model shows that quality downgrading reduces average passthrough by 6% and has meaningful consequences for welfare.
First report of antioxidant abeo-labdane type diterpenoid from intertidal red seaweed Gracilaria salicornia with 5-lipoxygenase inhibitory potential
Creators: name: Tima Antony†
name: Chakraborty†, Kajal
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: Phytochemical investigation on the biologically active compounds of seaweed Gracilaria salicornia {(C. Agardh) E.Y. Dawson} (family Gracilariaceae) guided to the separation of a previously unreported abeo-labdane class of diterpenoid. The compound was characterized as methyl-16(13→14)-abeo-7-labdene-(12-oxo) carboxylate by extensive spectroscopic experiments, and comparison with the related compounds. The studied compound registered significantly greater activities against pro-inflammatory 5-lipoxygenase (IC50 0.86 mg/mL) than that exhibited by non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent ibuprofen (IC50 0.92 mg/mL, P 50 0.66 mg/mL) as standard antioxidant agent α-tocopherol (IC50 0.62 mg/mL).
Особливості перебігу ішемічної хвороби серця у хворих на цукровий діабет 2 типу
Creators: name: Юріївна, Колюбаєва Олена
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: diabetes mellitus
coronary heart disease
acute myocardial infarction
цукровий діабет
ішемічна хвороба серця
гострий інфаркт міокарду

description: Українською: [Колюбаєва О. Ю. Особливості перебігу ішемічної хвороби серця у хворих на цукровий діабет 2 типу // Матеріали 80-го наукового медичного конгресу студентів і молодих вчених «Медицина XXI століття» (ISBN 978-617-7415-06-9) 12-13 квітня 2018 року, Краматорськ. - Україна, Краматорськ: ТОВ «Краматорський друкарський будинок», 2018. - С. 200-201. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3516259] Вивчені особливості клінічної картини ішемічної хвороби серця (ІХС) та показники вуглеводного обміну у хворих на цукровий діабет (ЦД) 2 типу в залежності від наявності гострого інфаркту міокарду (ГІМ). Пацієнти з перенесеним ГІМ мали вищі рівні глюкози плазми крові і більш ускладнений перебіг ІХС у порівнянні з хворими без ГІМ, що свідчить про роль декомпенсованого ЦД у виникненні ГІМ. Ключові слова: цукровий діабет, ішемічна хвороба серця, гострий інфаркт міокарду. На русском: [Колюбаева Е. Ю. Особенности течения ишемической болезни сердца у больных сахарным диабетом 2 типа (укр) // Материалы 80-го научного медицинского конгресса студентов и молодых ученых «Медицина XXI столетия» (ISBN 978-617-7415-06-9) 12-13 апреля 2018 года, Краматорск. - Украина, Краматорск: ООО «Краматорский печатный дом», 2018. - С. 200-201. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3516259] Изучены особенности клинической картины ишемической болезни сердца (ИБС) и показатели углеводного обмена у больных сахарным диабетом (СД) 2 типа в зависимости от наличия острого инфаркта миокарда (ОИМ). Пациенты с перенесенным ИМ имели более высокие уровни глюкозы плазмы крови и более осложненное течение ИБС по сравнению с больными без ОИМ, что свидетельствует о роли декомпенсированного СД в возникновении ОИМ. Ключевые слова: сахарный диабет, ишемическая болезнь сердца, острый инфаркт миокарда. In English: [Koliubaeva O. Yu. (2017) Features of the course of coronary heart disease in patients with type 2 diabetes (ukr) / Materials of the 80th Scientific Medical Congress of Students and Young Scientists “Medicine of the XXI Century” (ISBN 978-617-7415-06-9) April 12-13 2018, Ukraine, Kramatorsk, p. 200-201. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3516259] The clinical features of coronary heart disease (CHD) and carbohydrate metabolism in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) depending on the presence of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) were studied. Patients with AMI had higher plasma glucose levels and a more complicated course of CHD compared with patients without AMI, which indicates the role of decompensated DM in the development of AMI. Key words: diabetes mellitus, coronary heart disease, acute myocardial infarction.
Signal of Quark Deconfinement in the Timing Structure of Pulsar Spin-Down
Creators: name: Glendenning, Norman K.
name: Pei, S.
name: Weber, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The conversion of nuclear matter to quark matter in the core of a rotating neutron star alters its moment of inertia. Hence the epoch over which conversion takes place will be signaled in the spin-down "signal_prl.tex" 581 lines, 22203 characters characteristics of pulsars. We find that an observable called the braking index should be easily measurable during the transition epoch and can have a value far removed (by orders of magnitude) from the canonical value of three expected for magnetic dipole radiation, and may have either sign. The duration of the transition epoch is governed by the slow loss of angular momentum to radiation and is further prolonged by the reduction in the moment of inertia caused by the phase change which can even introduce an era of spin-up. We estimate that about one in a hundred pulsars may be passing through this phase. The phenomenon is analogous to ``bachbending'' observed in the moment of inertia of rotating nuclei observed in the 1970's, which also signaled a change in internal structure with changing spin.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures, Revtex. (May 12, 1997, submitted to PRL)
A two-grid preconditioner with an adaptive coarse space for flow simulations in highly heterogeneous media
Creators: name: Yang, Yanfang
name: Fu, Shubin
name: Chung, Eric T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper, we consider flow simulation in highly heterogeneous media that has many practical applications in industry. To enhance mass conservation, we write the elliptic problem in a mixed formulation and introduce a robust two-grid preconditioner to seek the solution. We first need to transform the indefinite saddle problem to a positive definite problem by preprocessing steps. The preconditioner consists of a local smoother and a coarse preconditioner. For the coarse preconditioner, we design an adaptive spectral coarse space motivated by the GMsFEM (Generalized Multiscale Finite Element Method). We test our preconditioner for both Darcy flow and two phase flow and transport simulation in highly heterogeneous porous media. Numerical results show that the proposed preconditioner is highly robust and efficient.
Challenges to the Future of European Single Market in Natural Gas
Creators: name: Chyong, C-K.
Publisher: name: Faculty of Economics
Year: 2019
Subjects: Natural gas
European single gas market
security of supply
regulatory policy

description: Recent gas price dynamics in Europe shows convergence to the extent that locational price differentials approached transport tariffs and hence arbitrage was largely saturated – it is a sign of a well-functioning pan-European gas wholesale market. We employ a transaction cost economics framework to understand how we got to where we are in terms of the evolution of the gas industry structure in Europe and its institutional setup. The move towards a single market in gas, which is still ongoing, has allowed European gas consumers to benefit from transparently set, market-based wholesale prices as well as from increased market competition between suppliers. However, as the gas market in Europe matures and with the increased penetration of renewable energy generation in the electricity sector as well as overall decarbonization of the energy sector in Europe, the gas market and its current regulatory regime face a number of challenges. Addressing these challenges may require an update to the current market design and possibly drastic reforms to tariff setting in the gas transport market.
Perspectives on Heavy Quark 98
Creators: name: Quigg, Chris
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: I summarize and comment upon some highlights of HQ98, the Workshop on Heavy Quarks (strange, charm, and beauty) at Fixed Target.
description: Summary talk at HQ98. 21 pages, uses aipproc (included)
Chenopodium murale L.
Creators: name: Charles Joseph Pitard and Louis Proust
Publisher: name: Paul Klincksieck
Year: 1908
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Caryophyllales
Amaranthaceae
Chenopodium
Chenopodium murale

description: C. murale L., Sp., 318; Poir., Voy., II, 130; Desf., Atl., I, 214; Batt. et Trab., Alg., II, 753; Boiss., Or., IV, 902; G. et G., Fl. Fr., III, 21; Bon. et Bar., Tun., 361. Toute l'année.
Très vulgaire dans les décombres, les cultures et les bords des chemins dans toutes les îles, y compris Alegranza.
Madère, Maroc, Algérie, Tunisie, Tripolitaine, Marmarique, Cyrénaïque, Europe, Caucase, Asie Mineure, Syrie, Palestine, Arabie,Egypte, etc.
description: Published as part of Charles Joseph Pitard and Louis Proust, 1908, Chenopodieae, pp. 326-327 in Les îles Canaries. Flore de l'archipel, Paris :Paul Klincksieck on pages 326-327
Production efficiency of nodal and zonal pricing in imperfectly competitive electricity markets
Creators: name: Sarfati, M.
name: Hesamzadeh, M-R.
name: Holmberg, P.
Publisher: name: Faculty of Economics
Year: 2019
Subjects: Congestion management
Zonal pricing
Flow-based market coupling

description: Electricity markets employ different congestion management methods to handle the limited transmission capacity of the power system. This paper compares production efficiency and other aspects of nodal and zonal pricing. We consider two types of zonal pricing: zonal pricing with Available Transmission Capacity (ATC) and zonal pricing with Flow-Based Market Coupling (FBMC).We develop a mathematical model to study the imperfect competition under zonal pricing with FBMC. Zonal pricing with FBMC is employed in two stages, a day-ahead market stage and a re-dispatch stage. We show that the optimality conditions and market clearing conditions can be reformulated as a mixed integer linear program (MILP), which is straightforward to implement. Zonal pricing with ATC and nodal pricing is used as our benchmarks. The imperfect competition under zonal pricing with ATC and nodal pricing are also formulated as MILP models. All MILP models are demonstrated on 6-node and the modified IEEE 24-node systems. Our numerical results show that the zonal pricing with ATC results in large production inefficiencies due to the incdec-game. Improving the representation of the transmission network as in the zonal pricing with FBMC mitigates the inc-dec game.
`Upper-Limit Lensing': Constraining galaxy stellar masses with singly-imaged background sources
Creators: name: Smith, Russell J.
name: Lucey, John R.
name: Collier, William P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Strong gravitational lensing can provide accurate measurements of the stellar mass-to-light ratio $Υ$ in low-redshift ($z$ $\lesssim$ 0.05) early-type galaxies, and hence probe for possible variations in the stellar initial mass function (IMF). However, true multiple imaging lens systems are rare, hindering the construction of large nearby lens samples. Here, we present a method to derive upper limits on $Υ$ in galaxies with single close-projected background sources, where no counter-image is detected, down to some relative flux limit. We present a proof-of-principle application to three galaxies with integral field observations from different instruments. In our first case study, only a weak constraint on $Υ$ is obtained. In the second, the absence of a detectable counter-image excludes stellar masses higher than expected for a Salpeter IMF. In the third system, the current observations do not yield a useful limit, but our analysis indicates that deeper observations should reveal a counter-image if the stellar mass is any larger than expected for a Milky Way IMF. We discuss how our method can help enlarge the current samples of low-$z$ galaxies with lensing constraints, both by adding upper limits on $Υ$ and by guiding follow-up of promising single-image systems in search of fainter counter-images.
description: MNRAS, accepted