cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Reconstruction of primordial tensor power spectra from B-mode polarization of the cosmic microwave background
Creators: name: Hiramatsu, Takashi
name: Komatsu, Eiichiro
name: Hazumi, Masashi
name: Sasaki, Misao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Given observations of B-mode polarization power spectrum of the cosmic microwave background (CMB), we can reconstruct power spectra of primordial tensor modes from the early Universe without assuming their functional form such as a power-law spectrum. Shape of the reconstructed spectra can then be used to probe the origin of tensor modes in a model-independent manner. We use the Fisher matrix to calculate the covariance matrix of tensor power spectra reconstructed in bins. We find that the power spectra are best reconstructed at wavenumbers in the vicinity of $k\approx 6\times 10^{-4}$ and $5\times 10^{-3}~{\rm Mpc}^{-1}$, which correspond to the "reionization bump" at $\ell\lesssim 6$ and "recombination bump" at $\ell\approx 80$ of the CMB B-mode power spectrum, respectively. The error bar between these two wavenumbers is larger because of lack of the signal between the reionization and recombination bumps. The error bars increase sharply towards smaller (larger) wavenumbers because of the cosmic variance (CMB lensing and instrumental noise). To demonstrate utility of the reconstructed power spectra we investigate whether we can distinguish between various sources of tensor modes including those from the vacuum metric fluctuation and SU(2) gauge fields during single-field slow-roll inflation, open inflation and massive gravity inflation. The results depend on the model parameters, but we find that future CMB experiments are sensitive to differences in these models. We make our calculation tool available on-line.
description: 9 pages, 2 figures, 4 tables; accepted version in Phys. Rev. D
Step edge barriers on GaAs(001)
Creators: name: Šmilauer, Pavel
name: Vvedensky, Dimitri D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1993
Subjects: subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the growth kinetics on vicinal GaAs(001) surfaces by making detailed comparisons between reflection high--energy electron--diffraction specular intensity measured near in--phase diffraction conditions and the surface step density obtained from simulations of a solid--on--solid model. Only by including a barrier to interlayer transport and a short--range incorporation process of freshly--deposited atoms can the simulations be brought into agreement with the measurements both during growth and during post--growth equilibration of the surface.
description: 11 pages, REVTeX 3.0, IC-DDV-93-005
Single Wall Carbon Nanotube–Protein Complexes and Immune Cells: Uptake, Processing, and Targeted Delivery
Creators: name: Boyer, Patrick D.
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: 90499 Chemical Engineering not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical engineering

description: The immune system is composed of a network of cells that are precisely regulated to protect the body from infection. Abnormal activity of this cellular network can result in numerous diseases and disorders including chronic inflammation, rheumatoid arthritis, atherosclerosis, and cancer. Modulation of immune cells via the targeted delivery of immunologically active compounds has the potential to redirect the immune response and restore health. The unique nanostructure and properties of single wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) are well-suited for cellular applications particularly in the manipulation of immune cell function. SWCNTs must be properly functionalized to maintain their inherent properties and to provide control over their uptake, processing, and delivery. This thesis focuses on understanding the macrophage cellular response to SWCNT-protein complexes and engineering the SWCNT-protein complex interface to build new functionalities that preserve inherent SWCNT properties while enabling targeting and delivery applications. Kinetic parameters governing the uptake of SWCNT-protein complexes in macrophages are determined using Raman spectroscopy. The cellular inflammatory activity level is found to contribute more to uptake than different SWCNT interfaces. The subcellular concentrations and distribution of SWCNT-protein complexes processed by macrophages are revealed in the context of aggregation state. Short SWCNTs-protein complexes are found to be concentrated in highly bundled regions, whereas long SWCNTs-protein complexes and SWCNTs in fibroblasts were not. Protein structure is further engineered to direct the subcellular localization of SWCNT-protein complexes in cells. A native cellular protein is engineered with a favorable structure for SWCNT dispersion and an exposed nuclear localization sequence for subcellular targeting to the nucleus. Finally, non-covalent SWCNT-protein interactions are tuned to enable SWCNT loading and delivery of molecules within cells. Delivery is achieved with chemotherapeutic and immunosuppressive drugs resulting in enhanced anti-proliferative and anti-inflammatory effects compared to non-complexed drugs. The scientific discoveries reveal important information about macrophage uptake and processing of SWCNTs that may be used to probe cell behavior or develop delivery approaches for therapeutic applications. The strategies developed to create excellent SWCNT dispersions with tailored functionalities through protein modifications may be used generally by other researchers to initiate new ways to modulate cellular response with nanomaterials.
A Geometric Model of Arbitrary Spin Massive Particle
Creators: name: Kuzenko, S. M.
name: Lyakhovich, S. L.
name: Segal, A. Yu.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1994
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A new model of relativistic massive particle with arbitrary spin (($m,s$)-particle) is suggested. Configuration space of the model is a product of Minkowski space and two-dimensional sphere, ${\cal M}^6 = {\Bbb R}^{3,1} \times S^2$. The system describes Zitterbewegung at the classical level. Together with explicitly realized Poincaré symmetry, the action functional turns out to be invariant under two types of gauge transformations having their origin in the presence of two Abelian first-class constraints in the Hamilton formalism. These constraints correspond to strong conservation for the phase-space counterparts of the Casimir operators of the Poincaré group. Canonical quantization of the model leads to equations on the wave functions which prove to be equivalent to the relativistic wave equations for the massive spin-$s$ field.
description: 25 pages; v2: eq. (45.b) corrected
Restoration of abandoned wood pasture - Felhagyott fás legelő felújítása
Creators: name: VARGA, Anna
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: restore
wood pasture
abandoned
grazing
profitability
value
AGFORWARD
visszaállítás
fás legelő
elhagyott
legeltetés
jövedelmező
érték

description: A felhagyott fás legelők helyreállítása kulcsfontosságú a vidéki térség természeti és kulturális értékének növelése és az állattenyésztési ágazat jövedelmezősége szempontjából. A terület feltisztítása lehetőséget ad új földek legeltetésbe vonására és a fás legelők hosszabb fenntartására. - The restoration of abandoned wood pastures is a key issue for developing the natural and cultural value of the rural region, and also for the profitability of the livestock industry. Shrub clearing give the possibility for grazing new lands, and to maintain wood pastures for longer periods.
description: Translation made by SoE-KKK within the AFINET project
Lower bounds on the squashed entanglement for multi-party systems
Creators: name: Song, Wei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Squashed entanglement is a promising entanglement measure that can be generalized to multipartite case, and it has all of the desirable properties for a good entanglement measure. In this paper we present computable lower bounds to evaluate the multipartite squashed entanglement. We also derive some inequalities relating the squashed entanglement to the other entanglement measure.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures
Single Molecule Studies of hGSTA1-1: Binding Kinetics and Active Site Dynamics
Creators: name: Pettersson, John
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: The human detoxification enzyme glutathione s-transferase alpha 1 (GSTA1-1) is known for its ability to conjugate a variety of different hydrophobic xenobiotics to the tripeptide glutathione. The conjugation can be catalyzed through either a substitution or an addition reaction. Which reaction mechanism is being used affects the cooperativity of the enzyme. GST is also capable of catalyzing isomerization reactions of particular substrates without conjugation to GSH which further extends its repertoire. The C-terminal of the enzyme transitions from a random loop to an α-helix that localizes over the active site as a ligand binds. The α-helix is also involved in product release. We hypothesize that the broad substrate specificity and the catalytic flexibility of GST is a result of a heterogeneous protein population where multiple conformers with different properties coexist. To identify different conformers in a population a single molecule approach is needed. Fluorescently tagged substrates and products of GSTA1-1 have been imaged as they bind immobilized GSTA1-1 using TIRF microscopy. Single molecule binding events can be analyzed to characterize different binding states of the enzyme. The observation of at least two average occupancy times suggests that there are multiple binding states and conformations of the enzyme. One of these binding states is dominating the population and a large number of binding events has to be sampled to pick up the more rare states. To further characterize the behavior of GSTA1-1 FRET and DEER have been used to study the active site dynamics during binding of a ligand. Unlike X-ray crystallography, DEER and FRET provide a distribution in a distance between groups, and not just an average. Our data suggest that binding of S-hexylglutathione does not localize the C-terminal helix which is contrary to what can be observed in the X-ray crystal structure. Glutathione alone is sufficient to localize the helix. This highlights the importance of using proteins in solution to study their conformation.
Holographic duals of 3d S-fold CFTs
Creators: name: Assel, Benjamin
name: Tomasiello, Alessandro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct non-geometric AdS$_4$ solutions of IIB string theory where the fields in overlapping patches are glued by elements of the S-duality group. We obtain them by suitable quotients of compact and non-compact geometric solutions. The quotient procedure suggests CFT duals as quiver theories with links involving the so-called $T[U(N)]$ theory. We test the validity of the non-geometric solutions (and of our proposed holographic duality) by computing the three-sphere partition function $Z$ of the CFTs. A first class of solutions is obtained by an S-duality quotient of Janus-type non-compact solutions and is dual to 3d $\mathcal{N}=4$ SCFTs; for these we manage to compute $Z$ of the dual CFT at finite $N$, and it agrees perfectly with the supergravity result in the large $N$ limit. A second class has five-branes, it is obtained by a Möbius-like S-quotient of ordinary compact solutions and is dual to 3d $\mathcal{N}=3$ SCFTs. For these, $Z$ agrees with the supergravity result if one chooses the limit carefully so that the effect of the fivebranes does not backreact on the entire geometry. Other limits suggest the existence of IIA duals.
description: 37+8 pages, 11 figures. v2: references added. v3: reference to related work on 3d-3d duality added
Microscopic formulation of the hierarchy of quantized Hall states
Creators: name: Greiter, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1993
Subjects: subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Explicit wave functions for the hierarchy of fractionally quantized Hall states are proposed, and a method for integrating out the quasiparticle coordinates in the spherical geometry is developed. Their energies and overlaps with the exact ground states for small numbers of particles with Coulomb interactions are found to be excellent. We then generalize the adiabatic transport argument of Arovas, Schrieffer, and Wilczek to evaluate quasiparticle charges and statistics, and show that none of the proposed states is the exact ground state of any model Hamiltonian with two-body interactions only.
description: 13 pages, phyzzx, IASSNS-HEP-92/78 CERN-TH-7105/93
EXPLORING THE ECONOMIC RIPPLE EFFECT OF CLIMATE-INDUCED DISASTERS: A CAPTIVATING EMPIRICAL INVESTIGATION ACROSS SOUTH ASIAN NATIONS
Creators: name: Dr. MUDASSAR RASHID
name: MUHAMMAD NAVEED TARIQ
name: Dr. ATEEQ UR REHMAN IRSHAD
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Climate Damages, Disaster Cost, Economic Policy Uncertainty, Vector Autoregressive, Panel Data, South Asia.

description: Abstract

Climate disasters are becoming more frequent as the world's climate gradually changes. There is growing fear that as a result of climate change, weather events will occur frequently and severely. Disasters' long-term impacts and the repercussions of the subsequent policy decisions made by decision-makers are still not much effective. This study examines disastrous effects of economy circumstances by discussing how a disaster affects the uncertainty of economic policy (EPU), inflation and interest rates in addition to the impact of a calamity on output. An econometric panel Vector Autoregressive model using local forecasts is used for getting detail insights of the relationships between the variables of the models. Findings shows that EPU is linked to policy uncertainty behavior towards spending on disasters as an economic condition. Disaster-related outages have extra effects on the EPU. There was a negative correlation between catastrophe costs and outcomes. Production would be reduced as a result of the tragedy and there would be a brief rise in inflation. For the policy makers, this knowledge would be critical in the long term for creating stable policies that can be adjusted to climate change and natural catastrophes.
Simulation of Void Nucleation in Single-Phase Copper Polycrystals
Creators: name: Lieberman, Evan
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: 91299 Materials Engineering not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Materials engineering

description: A systematic investigation is presented into the microstructural and micromechanical influences on ductile damage nucleation with an emphasis on grain boundaries in polycrystals. Microstructures obtained from experiments on copper polycrystals are characterized using Electron Backscatter Diffraction (EBSD) and near-field High-Energy Diffraction Microscopy (nf-HEDM) and the occurrence of damage is compared with micromechanical values obtained using an elasto-viscoplastic model based on the Fast- Fourier Transform (EVPFFT). The model produces full-field solutions for the stress and strain in voxelized polycrystalline microstructures. In order to resolve the fields onto interfaces, local Cartesian moments of the polycrystalline grain structure are used to extract the normals of grain boundaries and the tangents of triple junctions directly from the voxelized microstructure. Thus projecting the stress yields a parameter with potential significance, i.e. the grain boundary surface tractions. We identify “traction hotspots”, i.e. regions with tractions that are significantly above the mean, for the case of uniaxial tension. These show correlations with the angle between the grain boundary normal and the loading axis, a trend that some experiments also show when boundaries that nucleated voids are analyzed using EBSD, though differences present between the simulation and experiment hint that further criteria are needed. Nf-HEDM was used to record microstructure images of a polycrystalline sample before and after it undergoes damage. The damage locations in the post-shocked image are mapped onto the pre-shocked image, allowing stress and strain values from the EVPFFT model in the regions that eventually nucleated damage to be correlated with the locations of the void. The unexpected result was that differences in plastic work across boundaries correlated with voids, whereas vi quantities such as triaxiality and normal forces across boundaries did not.
Spontaneous compactification in 2D induced quantum gravity
Creators: name: Elizalde, E.
name: Odintsov, S. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1992
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Spontaneous compactification ---on a $R^1\times S^1$ background--- in 2D induced quantum gravity (considered as a toy model for more fundamental quantum gravity) is analyzed in the gauge-independent effective action formalism. It is shown that such compactification is stable, in contradistinction to multidimensional quantum gravity on a $R^D\times S^1 \ (D>2)$ background ---which is known to be one-loop unstable.
description: 11 PAGES
Stress Management Strategies for Nursing Students: A Comprehensive Review
Creators: name: Sam Jose
Publisher: name: Brio Innovative Journal of Novel Research (BIJNR)
Year: 2025

description: Abstract: Nursing students experience significant stress due to academic pressures, clinical training, and personal responsibilities. Managing stress effectively is crucial to ensuring their well-being and academic success. This review explores various stressors encountered by nursing students and discusses evidence-based strategies for stress management. The article highlights coping mechanisms, institutional support systems, and self-care practices that can alleviate stress and improve mental health among nursing students. Recommendations for integrating stress management into nursing curricula are also provided.
Tuning the electronic and chemisorption properties of hexagonal MgO nanotubes by doping - Theoretical study
Creators: name: Jovanović, Aleksandar
name: Petković, Milena
name: Pašti, Igor A.
name: Johansson, Börje
name: Skorodumova, Natalia V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Oxide materials offer a wide range of interesting physical and chemical properties. Even more versatile behavior of oxides is seen at the nanoscale, qualifying these materials for a number of applications. In this study we used DFT calculations to investigate the physical and chemical properties of small hexagonal MgO nanotubes of different length. We analyzed the effect of Li, B, C, N, and F doping on the properties of the nanotubes. We find that all dopants favor the edge positions when, incorporated into the nanotubes. Doping results in the net magnetization whose value depends on the type of the impurity. Using the CO molecule as a probe, we studied the adsorption properties of pristine and doped MgO nanotubes. Our results show that the dopant sites are also the centers of significantly altered chemical reactivity. While pristine MgO nanotubes adsorb CO weakly, very strong adsorption at the dopant sites (B-, C-, and N-doped nanotubes) or neighboring edge atoms (F- and Li-doped nanotubes) is observed. Our results suggest that impurity engineering in oxide materials can be a promising strategy for the development of novel materials with possible use as selective adsorbents or catalysts.
description: 23 pages, 8 figures, 3 tables, 45 references, included Supplementary Information (8 pages, 2 figures, 12 tables); submitted to Applied Surface Science
Random-Matrix Theory of Quantum Size Effects on Nuclear Magnetic Resonance in Metal Particles
Creators: name: Beenakker, C. W. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1994
Subjects: subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The distribution function of the local density of states is computed exactly for the Wigner-Dyson ensemble of random Hamiltonians. In the absence of time-reversal symmetry, precise agreement is obtained with the "supersymmetry" theory by Efetov and Prigodin of the NMR lineshape in disordered metal particles. Upon breaking time-reversal symmetry, the variance of the Knight shift in the smallest particles is reduced by a universal factor of 2/3. ***To be published in Physical Review B.****
description: 4 pages, REVTeX-3.0, 1 postscript figure, INLO-PUB-940819; [2017: figure included in text]
Optical Chirality of Time-Harmonic Wavefields for Classification of Scatterers
Creators: name: Gutsche, Philipp
name: Nieto-Vesperinas, Manuel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive expressions for the scattering, extinction and conversion of the chirality of monochromatic light scattered by bodies which are characterized by a T-matrix. In analogy to the conditions obtained from the conservation of energy, these quantities enable the classification of arbitrary scattering objects due to their full, i.e. either chiral or achiral, electromagnetic response. To this end, we put forward and determine the concepts of duality and breaking of duality symmetry, anti-duality, helicity variation, helicity annhiliation and the breaking of helicity annihilation. Different classes, such as chiral and dual scatterers, are illustrated in this analysis with model examples of spherical and non-spherical shape. As for spheres, these concepts are analysed by considering non-Rayleigh dipolar dielectric particles of high refractive index, which, having a strong magnetic response to the incident wavefield, offer an excellent laboratory to test and interpret such changes in the chirality of the illumination. In addition, comparisons with existing experimental data are made.
description: 13 pages, 4 figures; updated references [v2]; changed title, published in Sci. Rep. [v3]
The Road to Devops HPC Cluster Management
Creators: name: Schmidt, Ken
name: Felix, Evan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: High Performance Computing

description: EMSL has been using xCAT for cluster administration since 2011. As supercomputing strategies have changed, we've developed a configuration approach which addresses many of xCAT’s shortcomings and enables us to manage heterogeneous cluster configurations in a manner concordant with software engineering best practices. Some changes have been submitted upstream to the xCAT project, and others exist as a suite of automation tools and architectural practices. This presentation is an overview of some of the challenges we've overcome and best practices derived from 8 years of real-world xCAT deployment across multiple clusters.
Lattice Effects in Crystal Evaporation
Creators: name: Pagonabarraga, I.
name: Villain, J.
name: Elkinani, I.
name: Gordon, M. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1993
Subjects: subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the dynamics of a stepped crystal surface during evaporation, using the classical model of Burton, Cabrera and Frank, in which the dynamics of the surface is represented as a motion of parallel, monoatomic steps. The validity of the continuum approximation treated by Frank is checked against numerical calculations and simple, qualitative arguments. The continuum approximation is found to suffer from limitations related, in particular, to the existence of angular points. These limitations are often related to an adatom detachment rate of adatoms which is higher on the lower side of each step than on the upper side ("Schwoebel effect").
description: DRFMC/SPSMS/MDN, Centre d'Etudes Nucleaires de Grenoble, 25 pages, LaTex, revtex style. 8 Figures, available upon request, report# UBFF301193
Nuclear physics inputs needed for geo-neutrino studies
Creators: name: Bellini, G.
name: Fiorentini, G.
name: Ianni, A.
name: Lissia, M.
name: Mantovani, F.
name: Smirnov, O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Geo-neutrino studies are based on theoretical estimates of geo-neutrino spectra. We propose a method for a direct measurement of the energy distribution of antineutrinos from decays of long-lived radioactive isotopes.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures. Proceedings of the International Conference on Topics in Astroparticle and Underground Physics (TAUP) 2007, Sendai, Japan, September 11-15, 2007. To appear in Journal of Physics: Conference Series
Short-Sighted Probabilistic Planning
Creators: name: Trevizan, Felipe W.
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: 170203 Knowledge Representation and Machine Learning
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: Planning is an essential part of intelligent behavior and a ubiquitous task for both humans and rational agents. One framework for planning in the presence of uncertainty is probabilistic planning, in which actions are described by a probability distribution over their possible outcomes. Probabilistic planning has been applied to different real-world scenarios such as public health, sustainability and robotics; however, the usage of probabilistic planning in practice is limited due to the poor performance of existing planners. In this thesis, we introduce a novel approach to effectively solve probabilistic planning problems by relaxing them into short-sighted problems. A short-sighted problem is a relaxed problem in which the state space of the original problem is pruned and artificial goals are added to heuristically estimate the cost of reaching an original goal from the pruned states. Differently from previously proposed relaxations, short-sighted problems maintain the original structure of actions and no restrictions are imposed in the maximum number of actions that can be executed. Therefore, the solutions for short-sighted problems take into consideration all the probabilistic outcomes of actions and their probabilities. In this thesis, we also study different criteria to generate short-sighted problems, i.e., how to prune the state space, and the relation between the obtained short-sighted models and previously proposed relaxation approaches. We present different planning algorithms that use short-sighted problems in order to solve probabilistic planning problems. These algorithms iteratively generate and execute optimal policies for short-sighted problems until the goal of the original problem is reached. We also formally analyze the introduced algorithms, focusing on their optimality guarantees with respect to the original probabilistic problem. Finally, this thesis contributes a rich empirical comparison between our algorithms and state-of-the-art probabilistic planners.
Budgeting and budgetary control techniques in the institution of higher learning in the Somali region of Ethiopia: the case of (SRS-MPSI)
Creators: name: Osman, Hassan Owgab
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025
Subjects: Budgeting and budgetary control techniques in the institution of higher learning in the Somali region of Ethiopia: the case of (SRS-MPSI)

description: Abstract

This study pertains to assess the budgeting techniques at SRS Management and Public Service Institute. The study is descriptive and analytic in nature, for assessment of budgeting techniques at SRS Management and Public Service Institute in Jigjiga City of Somali Regional State in Ethiopia.
Effective potential and stability of the rigid membrane
Creators: name: Elizalde, E.
name: Odintsov, S. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1992
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The calculation of the effective potential for fixed-end and toroidal rigid $p$-branes is performed in the one-loop as well as in the $1/d$ approximations. The analysis of the involved zeta-functions (of inhomogeneous Epstein type) which appear in the process of regularization is done in full detail. Assymptotic formulas (allowing only for exponentially decreasing errors of order $\leq 10^{-3}$) are found which carry all the dependences on the basic parameters of the theory explicitly. The behaviour of the effective potential (specified to the membrane case $p=2$) is investigated, and the extrema of this effective potential are obtained.
description: 15 PAGES
Measurement driven single temperature engine
Creators: name: Ding, Xuehao
name: Yi, Juyeon
name: Kim, Yong Woon
name: Talkner, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A four stroke quantum engine which alternately interacts with a measurement apparatus and a single heat bath is discussed in detail with respect to the average work and heat as well as to the fluctuations of work and heat. The efficiency and the reliability of such an engine with a harmonic oscillator as working substance are analyzed under different conditions such as different speeds of the work strokes, different temperatures of the heat bath and various strengths of the energy supplying measurement. For imperfect thermalization strokes of finite duration also the power of the engine is analyzed. A comparison with a two-temperature Otto engine is provided in the particular case of adiabatic work and ideal thermalization strokes.
description: 15 pages, 12 figures, typos corrected
A regularization algorithm for matrices of bilinear and sesquilinear forms
Creators: name: Horn, Roger A.
name: Sergeichuk, Vladimir V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 15A63; 15A21; 15A22

description: We give an algorithm that uses only unitary transformations and for each square complex matrix constructs a *congruent matrix that is a direct sum of a nonsingular matrix and singular Jordan blocks.
description: 18 pages
Renormalization Group Calculation for the Reaction $kA\rightarrow\emptyset$
Creators: name: Lee, Benjamin P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1993
Subjects: subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The diffusion-controlled reaction $kA\rightarrow\emptyset$ is known to be strongly dependent on fluctuations in dimensions $d\le d_c=2/(k-1)$. We develop a field theoretic renormalization group approach to this system which allows explicit calculation of the observables as expansions in $ε^{1/(k-1)}$, where $ε=d_c-d$. For the density it is found that, asymptotically, $n\sim A_k t^{-d/2}$. The decay exponent is exact to all orders in $ε$, and the amplitude $A_k$ is universal, and is calculated to second order in $ε^{1/(k-1)}$ for $k=2,3$. The correlation function is calculated to first order, along with a long wavelength expansion for the second order term. For $d=d_c$ we find $n \sim A_k (\ln t/t)^{1/(k-1)}$ with an exact expression for $A_k$. The formalism can be immediately generalized to the reaction $kA\rightarrow\ell A$, $\ell < k$, with the consequence that the density exponent is the same, but the amplitude is modified.
description: 24 pages (harvmac), 8 figures appended, OUTP-93-39S
Spatial Search on Sierpinski Carpet Using Quantum Walk
Creators: name: Tamegai, Shu
name: Watabe, Shohei
name: Nikuni, Tetsuro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate a quantum spatial search problem on a fractal lattice. A recent study for the Sierpinski gasket and tetrahedron made a conjecture that the dynamics of the search on a fractal lattice is determined by spectral dimension. We tackle this problem for the Sierpinski carpet, and our simulation result supports the conjecture. We also propose a scaling hypothesis of oracle calls for the quantum amplitude amplification.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures
Shape-Constrained Estimation in High Dimensions
Creators: name: Xu, Min
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: 170203 Knowledge Representation and Machine Learning
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: Shape-constrained estimation techniques such as convex regression or log-concave density estimation o er attractive alternatives to traditional nonparametric methods. Shape-constrained estimation often has an easyto- optimize likelihood, no tuning parameter, and an adaptivity property where the sample complexity adapts to the complexity of the underlying functions. In this dissertation, we posit that shape-constrained estimation has an additional advantage in that they are naturally suited to the high-dimensional regime, where the number of variables is large relative to the number of samples. In the first part of this dissertation, we study high dimensional convex regression and demonstrate that convex regression surprisingly has the additive faithfulness property, where the additive approximation is guaranteed to capture all relevant variables even if the underlying function is not additive. We propose a practical variable selection procedure for high dimensional convex regression based on this observation. The overall work provides a practical smoothing-free semi-parametric generalization of the Lasso. We generalize our work on high dimensional convex regression to discrete choice models, in which a consumer chooses between m items x1; :::; xm with probability proportional to exp f(xi) for a utility function f. We show that additive faithfulness applies also in this setting. We accordingly adapt our method to the estimation of the utility function. In the last part, we consider the problem of learning the orientation pattern in additive shape-constraint models. Brute force search in this problem requires times exponential in the dimensionality. We propose a relaxation approach, based on trend filtering and motivated by our identifiability analysis, that is computationally efficient and effective.
Andreev Reflection In Ferromagnet-Superconductor Junctions
Creators: name: de Jong, M. J. M.
name: Beenakker, C. W. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1994
Subjects: subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The transport properties of a ferromagnet-superconductor (FS) junction are studied in a scattering formulation. Andreev reflection at the FS interface is strongly affected by the exchange interaction in the ferromagnet. The conductance G_FS of a ballistic point contact between F and S can be both larger or smaller than the value G_FN with the superconductor in the normal state, depending on the ratio of the exchange and Fermi energies. If the ferromagnet contains a tunnel barrier (I), the conductance G_FIFS exhibits resonances which do not vanish in linear response -- in contrast to the Tomasch oscillations for non-ferromagnetic materials.
description: 8 pages, RevTeX v3.0, including 3 encapsulated postscript figures; [2017: figures included in text]
Tunable Berry curvature, valley and spin Hall effect in Bilayer MoS$_2$
Creators: name: Kormányos, Andor
name: Zólyomi, Viktor
name: Fal'ko, Vladimir I.
name: Burkard, Guido
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The chirality of electronic Bloch bands is responsible for many intriguing properties of layered two-dimensional materials. We show that in bilayers of transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs), unlike in few-layer graphene and monolayer TMDCs, both intra-layer and inter-layer couplings give important contributions to the Berry-curvature in the $K$ and $-K$ valleys of the Brillouin zone. The inter-layer contribution leads to the stacking dependence of the Berry curvature and we point out the differences between the commonly available 3R type and 2H type bilayers. Due to the inter-layer contribution the Berry curvature becomes highly tunable in double gated devices. We study the dependence of the valley Hall and spin Hall effects on the stacking type and external electric field. Although the valley and spin Hall conductivities are not quantized, in MoS$_2$ 2H bilayers they may change sign as a function of the external electric field which is reminiscent of the behaviour of lattice Chern insulators.
description: 19 pages, 6 figures
Azimuthal asymmetry of direct photons in intermediate energy heavy-ion collisions
Creators: name: Liu, G. H.
name: Ma, Y. G.
name: Cai, X. Z.
name: Fang, D. Q.
name: Shen, W. Q.
name: Tian, W. D.
name: Wang, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Hard photon emitted from energetic heavy ion collisions is of very interesting since it does not experience the late-stage nuclear interaction, therefore it is useful to explore the early-stage information of matter phase. In this work, we have presented a first calculation of azimuthal asymmetry, characterized by directed transverse flow parameter $F$ and elliptic asymmetry coefficient $v_2$, for proton-neutron bremsstrahlung hard photons in intermediate energy heavy-ion collisions. The positive $F$ and negative $v_2$ of direct photons are illustrated and they seem to be anti-correlated to the corresponding free proton's flow.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures; accepted by Physics Letters B
Supplementary Figures and Tables from Senescence impacts reproduction and maternal investment in bottlenose dolphins
Creators: name: Karniski, Caitlin
name: Krzyszczyk, Ewa
name: Mann, Janet
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 60801 Animal Behaviour

description: Reproductive senescence is evident across many mammalian species. An emerging perspective considers components of reproductive senescence as evolutionarily distinct phenomena: fertility senescence and maternal-effect senescence. While fertility senescence is regarded as the ageing of reproductive physiology, maternal-effect senescence pertains to the declining capacity to provision and rear surviving offspring due to age. Both contribute to reproductive failure in utero making it difficult to differentiate between the two prenatally in the wild. We investigated both components in a long-lived mammal with prolonged maternal care through three parameters: calf survival, interbirth interval (IBI) and lactation period. We provide clear evidence for reproductive senescence in a wild population of bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops aduncus) using 34+ years of longitudinal data on 229 adult females and 562 calves. Calf survival decreased with maternal age, and calves with older mothers had lower survival than predicted by birth order, suggesting maternal-effect senescence. Both lactation period and IBIs increased with maternal age, and IBIs increased regardless of calf mortality, indicating interactions between fertility and maternal-effect senescence. Of calves that survived to weaning, last-born calves weaned later than earlier-born calves, evidence of terminal investment, a mitigating strategy given reduced reproductive value caused by either components of reproductive senescence.
A Multimonopole Solution in String Theory
Creators: name: Khuri, Ramzi R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1992
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A multimonopole solution in Yang-Mills field theory is obtained by a modification of the 't Hooft ansatz for a four-dimensional instanton. Although this solution has divergent action near each source, it can be used to construct an exact finite action multimonopole solution of heterotic string theory, in which the divergences from the Yang-Mills sector are precisely cancelled by those from the gravity sector.
description: 10 pages
Orbital spins of the collective excitations in Hall liquids
Creators: name: Lee, D. H.
name: Wen, X. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1993
Subjects: subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that the Chern-Simons-Ginzburg-Landau theory of the quantum Hall effect needs a modification, because the order parameter in that theory carries an intrinsic orbital angular momentum. This quantum number contains additional information about the topological order of the Hall liquids. We propose to measure this angular momentum by circular-polarized Ramman scattering.
description: 8 pages, 1 figure, Plain TeX, IBM and MIT preprint
Search for the Decay of the Higgs Boson to Charm Quarks with the ATLAS Experiment
Creators: name: ATLAS Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A direct search for the Standard Model Higgs boson decaying to a pair of charm quarks is presented. Associated production of the Higgs and $Z$ bosons, in the decay mode $ZH\rightarrow \ell^+ \ell^- c \bar{c}$ is studied. A dataset with an integrated luminosity of 36.1 fb$^{-1}$ of $pp$ collisions at $\sqrt{s}=13$ TeV recorded by the ATLAS experiment at the LHC is used. The $H\rightarrow c\bar{c}$ signature is identified using charm-tagging algorithms. The observed (expected) upper limit on $σ(pp \rightarrow ZH) \times \mathcal{B}(H \rightarrow c\bar{c})$ is 2.7 ($3.9^{+2.1}_{-1.1}$) pb at the 95% confidence level for a Higgs boson mass of 125 GeV, while the Standard Model value is 26 fb.
description: 29 pages in total, author list starting page 13, 2 figures, 3 tables, published version. All figures including auxiliary figures are available at https://atlas.web.cern.ch/Atlas/GROUPS/PHYSICS/PAPERS/HIGG-2017-01/
Setting Drinking Water Standards: Historical Perspective and Simulation Modeling
Creators: name: Gurian, Patrick Lee
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: 90799 Environmental Engineering not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Environmental engineering
subject: 90599 Civil Engineering not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Civil engineering

description: Setting drinking water standards involves both technical knowledge and an understanding of societal values and institutions. To provide perspective and tools for evaluating these issues a set of historical and current regulatory assessments are presented here. The first of these case studies considers the history of the 1914 Public Health Service drinking water standards and is based on information in archival materials and journal articles of the time period. A simulation model to estimate the costs and benefits of proposed drinking water regulations on U.S. community water systems is then developed. The model simulates current contaminant concentrations and existing treatment types based on fitted statistical models. For systems that exceed any of the drinking water standards included in the model, the costs and effectiveness of alternative compliance strategies are simulated, and the system is assumed to select the least costly strategy capable of achieving compliance with the standards. This modeling approach allows for quantitative estimates of the uncertainty in regulatory impacts, geographic and size class specificity, and the consideration of multiple standards simultaneously. The model is applied first to the case of a lower drinking water standard for arsenic. The marginal cost-effectiveness of different standards and the impacts of several alternative regulatory approaches are considered. Discrepancies in previous estimates of compliance costs are shown to result primarily from differences in the treatment process cost estimates used by the different studies. An evaluation of alternative regulatory approaches for arsenic indicates that point-of-use treatment has the potential to be a lowcost means of compliance for smaller water systems but would most likely provide less uniform water quality than centralized treatment, with costs and performance highly dependent on the frequency of monitoring and service. The simulation model is then applied to consider jointly standards for three contaminants: arsenic, nitrate, and uranium. The costs and benefits of imposing the three standards simultaneously are smaller than the sum of the costs and benefits of the individual standards. For these contaminants the difference between the sum of the individual analyses and the integrated analysis is fairly small, but the effects of joint regulation may be larger for contaminants with more highly correlated occurrence distributions.
Analytic Bethe Ansatz for Fundamental Representations of Yangians
Creators: name: Kuniba, Atsuo
name: Suzuki, Junji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1994
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the analytic Bethe ansatz in solvable vertex models associated with the Yangian $Y(X_r)$ or its quantum affine analogue $U_q(X^{(1)}_r)$ for $X_r = B_r, C_r$ and $D_r$. Eigenvalue formulas are proposed for the transfer matrices related to all the fundamental representations of $Y(X_r)$. Under the Bethe ansatz equation, we explicitly prove that they are pole-free, a crucial property in the ansatz. Conjectures are also given on higher representation cases by applying the $T$-system, the transfer matrix functional relations proposed recently. The eigenvalues are neatly described in terms of Yangian analogues of the semi-standard Young tableaux.
description: 45 pages, Plain Tex
Theory of atmospheric quantum channels based on the law of total probability
Creators: name: Vasylyev, D.
name: Vogel, W.
name: Semenov, A. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The atmospheric turbulence is the main factor that influences quantum properties of propagating optical signals and may sufficiently degrade the performance of quantum communication protocols. The probability distribution of transmittance (PDT) for free-space channels is the main characteristics of the atmospheric links. Applying the law of total probability, we derive the PDT by separating the contributions from turbulence-induced beam wandering and beam-spot distortions. As a result, the obtained PDT varies from log-negative Weibull to truncated log-normal distributions depending on the channel characteristics. Moreover, we show that the method allows one to consistently describe beam tracking, a procedure which is typically used in practical long-distance free-space quantum communication. We analyze the security of decoy-state quantum key exchange through the turbulent atmosphere and show that beam tracking does not always improves quantum communication.
description: 15 pages, 6 figures