cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Constraints on Multicomponent Dark Energy from Cosmological Observations
Creators: name: Wang, Ke
name: Chen, Lu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Dark energy (DE) plays an important role in the expansion history of our universe. But we only got limited knowledge about its nature and properties after decades of study.In most numerical researches, DE is usually considered as a dynamical whole. Actually, multicomponent DE models can also explain the accelerating expansion of our universe, which is accepted theoretically but lack of numerical researches. We try to study the multicomponent DE models from observation by constructing $w_n$CDM models. The total energy density of DE is separated into $n$ ($n=2,3,5$) parts equally and every part has a constant EOS $w_i$ ($i=1,2...n$). We modify the Friedmann equation and the parameterized post-Friedmann description of DE, then put constraints on $w_i$s from Planck 2018 TT,TE,EE$+$lowE$+$lensing, BAO data and PANTHEON samples. The multicomponent DE models are favoured if any $w_n$CDM model is preferred by observational data and there is no overlap between the highest and lowest values of $w_i$s. We find the data combination supports the $w_n$CDM model when $n$ is small and the $w_2$CDM model is slightly preferred by $Δχ^2_{\text{min}} = Δ\text{AIC} =Δ\text{BIC} = -2.48$ over the CPL model, but the largest value of $w_i$ overlaps the smallest one. With larger $n$, the maximum and minimum of $w_i$s do not overlap with each other, but $χ^2_{\text{min}}$ and AIC also increase. In brief, we find no obvious evidence that DE is composed of different components.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures
A succinct presentation of the quantized Klein-Gordon field, and a similar quantum presentation of the classical Klein-Gordon random field
Creators: name: Morgan, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A succinct presentation of the algebraic structure of the quantized Klein-Gordon field can be given in terms of a Lorentz invariant inner product. A presentation of a classical Klein-Gordon \emph{random} field at non-zero temperature can be given in the same noncommutative algebraic style, allowing a detailed comparison of the quantized Klein-Gordon field with a classical Klein-Gordon random field.
description: 8 pages, related to Phys.Lett.A 321(2004)216; v2: incorporates changes corresponding to published form
Production, Processing and Marketing of potato in Karnataka, India- An Economic Analysis
Creators: name: Bhajantri, Shrinivas
name: Bhajantri, Shrinivas
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: Potato
subject: Production
subject: Processing
subject: Marketing
subject: Economic
subject: Analysis

description: Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) popularly known as ‘The king of vegetables’, is grown in more than 100 countries in the world. Karnataka is one of the important Potato growing state in the country grown mainly in the districts of Hassan, Belgaum, Chikkaballapur and Kolar. The study was conducted to analyze Production, Processing and Marketing of Potato in Karnataka. The study reveals that Hassan district alone account for more than 41 percent potato production in the state. However production (0.40%) and productivity (9.22%) in the district during the last 5 years has shown insignificant growth rate. In Belgaum district potato production and productivity has increased with a growth rate of 5.23 and 10.26 percent which is significant. The potato processing industry is growing significantly in Belgaum and Hassan districts with a growth rate of (1.97%) and (3.82%) indicating potential opportunity for the establishment of small scale potato processing industries in these districts. Potato is mainly marketed through regulated markets by the farmers. The important regulated markets for Potato are Bangalore, Hubli, Belgaum, Hassan, Chikkaballapur and Kolar. The study reveals that vast majority of farmers (64%) are selling directly to Commission agents/Wholesalers in regulated markets. The producer who sold potato through Producer - Wholesaler - Retailer - Consumer realized the highest share (65%) in consumer rupee compared to other channels indicating the efficiency of this channel.
The Boostless Bootstrap: Amplitudes without Lorentz boosts
Creators: name: Pajer, Enrico
name: Stefanyszyn, David
name: Supeł, Jakub
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Poincaré invariance is a well-tested symmetry of nature and sits at the core of our description of relativistic particles and gravity. At the same time, in most systems Poincaré invariance is not a symmetry of the ground state and is hence broken spontaneously. This phenomenon is ubiquitous in cosmology where Lorentz boosts are spontaneously broken by the existence of a preferred reference frame in which the universe is homogeneous and isotropic. This motivates us to study scattering amplitudes without requiring invariance of the interactions under Lorentz boosts. In particular, using on-shell methods and assuming massless, relativistic and luminal particles of any spin, we show that the allowed interactions around Minkowski spacetime are severely constrained by unitarity and locality in the form of consistent factorization. The existence of an interacting massless spin-2 particle enforces (analytically continued) three-particle amplitudes to be Lorentz invariant, even those that do not involve a graviton, such as cubic scalar couplings. We conjecture this to be true for all n-particle amplitudes. Also, particles of spin S > 2 cannot self-interact nor can be minimally coupled to gravity, while particles of spin S > 1 cannot have electric charge. Given the growing evidence that free gravitons are well described by massless, luminal relativistic particles, our results imply that cubic graviton interactions in Minkowski must be those of general relativity up to a unique Lorentz-invariant higher-derivative correction of mass dimension 9. Finally, we point out that consistent factorization for massless particles is highly IR sensitive and therefore our powerful at-space results do not straightforwardly apply to curved spacetime.
description: 73 pages. An extra assumption added and discussed
PROBLEMAS EN AGRONEGOCIOS
Creators: name: Brown, William J.
name: Allen, Tom J.
name: Brown, William J.
name: Allen, Tom J.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Agribusiness
subject: concentration
subject: globalization
subject: financial risk.

description: The major issues in agribusiness have to deal with the industrialization of primary agricultural production and the high degree of market concentration in all of the industry's other sectors. Even primary agricultural production is shifting rapidly form “farming to system”. The importance of information, globalization, environmental concerns, the life science revolution and changes in the role of government are all additional issues resulting from industrialization. In addition, recently there have been huge fluctuations in commodity prices and a shift in the stocks to use ratios of major agricultural commodities. Primary agricultural production has become significantly more capital intensive resulting in more rural unemployment. Finally, all sectors of agribusiness and the industrialized and globalized economy seem to have forgotten about the effects of financial risk and have recently used credit to their detriment.
Stochastic integral representation and regularity of the density for the Exit measure of super-Brownian motion
Creators: name: Gall, Jean-Francois Le
name: Mytnik, Leonid
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60G57 (Primary) 60G17, 60J80, 35J65. (Secondary)

description: This paper studies the regularity properties of the density of the exit measure for super-Brownian motion with (1+β)-stable branching mechanism. It establishes the continuity of the density in dimension d=2 and the unboundedness of the density in all other dimensions where the density exists. An alternative description of the exit measure and its density is also given via a stochastic integral representation. Results are applied to the probabilistic representation of nonnegative solutions of the partial differential equation Δu=u^{1+β}.
description: Published at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/009117904000000612 in the Annals of Probability (http://www.imstat.org/aop/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
Constrained Orthogonal Polynomials
Creators: name: Giraud, B. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We define sets of orthogonal polynomials satisfying the additional constraint of a vanishing average. These are of interest, for example, for the study of the Hohenberg-Kohn functional for electronic or nucleonic densities and for the study of density fluctuations in centrifuges. We give explicit properties of such polynomial sets, generalizing Laguerre and Legendre polynomials. The nature of the dimension 1 subspace completing such sets is described. A numerical example illustrates the use of such polynomials.
description: 11 pages, 10 figures
An Efficient Machine-Learning Approach for PDF Tabulation in Turbulent Combustion Closure
Creators: name: Ranade, Rishikesh
name: Li, Genong
name: Li, Shaoping
name: Echekki, Tarek
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science (cs.CE)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Probability density function (PDF) based turbulent combustion modelling is limited by the need to store multi-dimensional PDF tables that can take up large amounts of memory. A significant saving in storage can be achieved by using various machine-learning techniques that represent the thermo-chemical quantities of a PDF table using mathematical functions. These functions can be computationally more expensive than the existing interpolation methods used for thermo-chemical quantities. More importantly, the training time can amount to a considerable portion of the simulation time. In this work, we address these issues by introducing an adaptive training algorithm that relies on multi-layer perception (MLP) neural networks for regression and self-organizing maps (SOMs) for clustering data to tabulate using different networks. The algorithm is designed to address both the multi-dimensionality of the PDF table as well as the computational efficiency of the proposed algorithm. SOM clustering divides the PDF table into several parts based on similarities in data. Each cluster of data is trained using an MLP algorithm on simple network architectures to generate local functions for thermo-chemical quantities. The algorithm is validated for the so-called DLR-A turbulent jet diffusion flame using both RANS and LES simulations and the results of the PDF tabulation are compared to the standard linear interpolation method. The comparison yields a very good agreement between the two tabulation techniques and establishes the MLP-SOM approach as a viable method for PDF tabulation.
ANÁLISIS DE BIENESTAR DE LOS “SHOCKS DE PRECIOS DE LOS COMMODITIES” EN LOS MERCADOS DE MAÍZ Y TRIGO EN MÉXICO
Creators: name: Barkley, Andrew P.
name: Nalley, Lawton Lanier
name: Garay, Pedro V.
name: Barkley, Andrew P.
name: Nalley, Lawton Lanier
name: Garay, Pedro V.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Biofuels
subject: wheat
subject: corn
subject: Mexican grain markets
subject: two-region welfare economic model.

description: The impacts of biofuel-based commodity price shocks on wheat and maize producers and consumers in Mexico are quantified with a two-region welfare economics model of the world wheat and maize markets. This model captures the international flow of wheat and maize between Mexico and the rest of the world, enabling measurement of price and quantity changes in both Mexican and global wheat and maize markets due to supply shocks in the grain markets. The drastic shifts in supply that accompanied grain markets in 2007/2008 are used to quantify the effects on Mexican consumer and producer well-being.
A cross-layer approach to reducing packet latency in mobile ad hoc networks
Creators: name: Gervais-Harreman, Olivier
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Mobile Ad Hoc Networks (MANETs) are known for providing connectivity between devices quickly and easily, without requiring an underlying infrastructure. Nevertheless, they are not popular commercially because they cannot effectively support applications that are delay-sensitive. This drawback stems from the fact that most of their routing protocols choose routes according to the shortest-hop criterion. When congestion is present in the network, the shortest path from source to destination is not necessarily the one that minimizes packet latency. To expedite packets to their destination, link-layer information must be available at the routing layer so that the routing protocols can avoid regions that are congested. This thesis characterizes congestion in terms of end-to-end delay, as the sum of expected contention delays at transmitting nodes. By integrating this additive link-layer metric into their decision-making process, existing on-demand routing protocols become better equipped to choose routes that reduce the average end-to-end delay of packets. Simulation results demonstrate that this metric can produce significant gains in end-to-end delay performance for both Dynamic Source Routing (DSR) and Ad Hoc On-Demand Distance Vector (AODV) routing. This increase in performance allows for more user applications to be supported by MANETs, which is sure to drive commercial demand for devices that can connect in this way.
A toy model of the five-dimensional universe with the cosmological constant
Creators: name: Tarkowski, Wojciech P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A value of the cosmological constant in a toy model of the five-dimensional universe is calculated in such a manner that it remains in agreement with both astronomical observations and the quantum field theory concerning the zero-point fluctuations of the vacuum. The (negative) cosmological constant is equal to the inverse of the Planck length squared, which means that in the toy model the vanishing of the observed value of the cosmological constant is a consequence of the existence of an energy cutoff exactly at the level of the Planck scale. In turn, a model for both a virtual and a real particle-antiparticle pair is proposed which describes properly some energetic properties of both the vacuum fluctuations and created particles, as well as it allows one to calculate the discrete "bare" values of an elementary-particle mass, electric charge and intrinsic angular momentum (spin) at the energy cutoff. The relationships between the discussed model and some phenomena such as the Zitterbewegung and the Unruh-Davies effect are briefly analyzed, too. The proposed model also allows one to derive the Lorentz transformation and the Maxwell equations while considering the properties of the vacuum filled with the sea of virtual particles and their antiparticles. Finally, the existence of a finite value of the vacuum-energy density resulting from the toy model leads us to the formulation of dimensionless Einstein field equations which can be derived from the Lagrangian with a dimensionless (naively renormalized) coupling constant.
description: 52 pages, 1 figure; a post-final, rewritten version with a number of new remarks and conclusions
Including the stoichiometry of C, macronutrients, and toxic elements in the LTER/CZO agendas
Creators: name: Iordache, Virgil Alexandru
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: The presentation will start by the research context, namely, the Fulbright program and the Romanian School of Systems Ecology. It will then move to a description of a Fulbright project aimed to catalyze the development of a critical zone observatory in Romania with a stoichiometric approach in the research agenda. A novel aspect of this work is to add toxic elements to stoichiometric analysis, which has traditionally focused on nutrients. This addition should facilitate analysis of ecosystems affected to anthropogenic activities and help to develop management and mitigation approaches for these ecosystems. More details about the presentation are in the extended abstract available here: https://drive.google.com/file/d/1r94byBp30lD55YqmJqhMM6MCA-QfQiZq/view?usp=sharing

This research was funded by Fulbright-Romania Grant 867/2024 and projects of the Fulbright mentor, Professor Peter Groffman.

A shorter form of this presentation was communicated at the CARY Institute of Ecosystem Studies on the 13th of February 2025.
NOM: Network-On-Memory for Inter-Bank Data Transfer in Highly-Banked Memories
Creators: name: Rezaei, Seyyed Hossein SeyyedAghaei
name: Modarressi, Mehdi
name: Ausavarungnirun, Rachata
name: Sadrosadati, Mohammad
name: Mutlu, Onur
name: Daneshtalab, Masoud
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Hardware Architecture (cs.AR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Data copy is a widely-used memory operation in many programs and operating system services. In conventional computers, data copy is often carried out by two separate read and write transactions that pass data back and forth between the DRAM chip and the processor chip. Some prior mechanisms propose to avoid this unnecessary data movement by using the shared internal bus in the DRAM chip to directly copy data within the DRAM chip (e.g., between two DRAM banks). While these methods exhibit superior performance compared to conventional techniques, data copy across different DRAM banks is still greatly slower than data copy within the same DRAM bank. Hence, these techniques have limited benefit for the emerging 3D-stacked memories (e.g., HMC and HBM) that contain hundreds of DRAM banks across multiple memory controllers. In this paper, we present Network-on-Memory (NoM), a lightweight inter-bank data communication scheme that enables direct data copy across both memory banks of a 3D-stacked memory. NoM adopts a TDM-based circuit-switching design, where circuit setup is done by the memory controller. Compared to state-of-the-art approaches, NoM enables both fast data copy between multiple DRAM banks and concurrent data transfer operations. Our evaluation shows that NoM improves the performance of data-intensive workloads by 3.8X and 75%, on average, compared to the baseline conventional 3D-stacked DRAM architecture and state-of-the-art techniques, respectively.
description: To appear in IEEE Computer Architecture Letters in 2020
Changes in a Dusty Ringlet in the Cassini Division after 2010
Creators: name: Hedman, M. M.
name: Bridges, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A dusty ringlet designated R/2006 S3, also known as the "Charming Ringlet", is located around 119,940 km from the center of Saturn within the Laplace Gap in the Cassini Division. Prior to 2010, the ringlet had a simple radial profile and a predictable eccentric shape with two components, one forced by solar radiation pressure and the other freely precessing around the planet. However, observations made by the Cassini spacecraft since late 2012 revealed a shelf of material extending inwards from the ringlet that was not present in the earlier observations. Closer inspection of images obtained after 2012 shows that sometime between 2010 and 2012 the freely-precessing component of the ringlet's eccentricity increased by over 50%, and that for at least 3 years after 2012 the ringlet had longitudinal brightness variations that rotated around the planet at a range of rates corresponding to roughly 60 km in orbital semi-major axis. Some event therefore disturbed this ringlet between 2010 and late 2012.
description: 23 Pages, 11 Figures, accepted for Publication in PSJ, Small corrections made to fix typos identified in proofs
SERVICIOS FINANCIEROS RURALES: UN NEGOCIO NECESARIO
Creators: name: Platas Rosado, Diego Esteban
name: Arcos Medina, Guadalupe
name: Perez Vazquez, Arturo
name: Platas Rosado, Diego Esteban
name: Arcos Medina, Guadalupe
name: Perez Vazquez, Arturo
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Rural financial services
subject: Business opportunity.

description: This work aims to analyze the importance of provision rural financial services, as well as the opportunity as a business presents this finance market segment. The problem of financial services in rural areas is presented, while reviewing existing supply and demand and raises the incursion into the business of credit and rural savings for the unemployed, professionals with experience in various fields of knowledge as a window of opportunity arises. The institutional support that exists for the creation, training, strengthening or expansion of rural financial intermediaries is also reviewed.
Consistent Analysis of the $B\toπ$ Transition Form Factor in the Whole Physical Region
Creators: name: Huang, Tao
name: Wu, Xing-Gang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the paper, we show that the $B\toπ$ transition form factor can be calculated by using the different approach in the different $q^2$ regions and they are consistent with each other in the whole physical region. For the $B\toπ$ transition form factor in the large recoil regions, one can apply the PQCD approach, where the transverse momentum dependence for both the hard scattering part and the non-perturbative wavefunction, the Sudakov effects and the threshold effects are included to regulate the endpoint singularity and to derive a more reliable PQCD result. Pionic twist-3 contributions are carefully studied with a better endpoint behavior wavefunction for $Ψ_p$ and we find that its contribution is less than the leading twist contribution. Both the two wavefunctions $Ψ_B$ and $\barΨ_B$ of the B meson can give sizable contributions to the $B\toπ$ transition form factor and should be kept for a better understanding of the B decays. The present obtained PQCD results can match with both the QCD light-cone sum rule results and the extrapolated lattice QCD results in the large recoil regions.
description: 18pages, 6 figures
LA CADENA PRODUCTIVA DE GANADO BOVINO EN EL SUR DEL ESTADO DE MÉXICO
Creators: name: Hernandez Martinez, Juvencio
name: Rebollar Rebollar, Samuel
name: Gonzalez Razo, Felipe De Jesus
name: Guzman Soria, Eugenio
name: Albarran Portillo, Benito
name: Garcia Martinez, Anastacio
name: Hernandez Martinez, Juvencio
name: Rebollar Rebollar, Samuel
name: Gonzalez Razo, Felipe De Jesus
name: Guzman Soria, Eugenio
name: Albarran Portillo, Benito
name: Garcia Martinez, Anastacio
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Productive chain
subject: beef production
subject: utility
subject: competitiveness.

description: In Mexico beef cattle production under double purpose systems is the main economic activity in rural areas. This activity has been developed for decades in the south of México State, without any technical assistance. The productive chain of beef production has a weak links between the different bonds (producers, slaughter houses, traders etc.), which in general have been working independently. Organization between the bonds of the chain will increase the competitiveness of the system. Results of the study indicate that beef production chain in the south of Mexico State is a competitive and profitable, due to its low investment cost, but mainly because of its great flexibility, even though optimum productivity is not achieved. During 2008, sales utilities of calves were $ 8.80 per kg, which was higher than that obtained from the sales of steers ($ 5.60).
Precise asymptotics of small eigenvalues of reversible diffusions in the metastable regime
Creators: name: Eckhoff, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60J60, 35P20 (Primary) 31C15, 31C05, 35P15, 58J50, 58J37, 60F10, 60F05. (Secondary)

description: We investigate the close connection between metastability of the reversible diffusion process X defined by the stochastic differential equation dX_t=-\nabla F(X_t) dt+\sqrt2εdW_t,\qquad ε>0, and the spectrum near zero of its generator -L_ε\equiv εΔ-\nabla F\cdot\nabla, where F:R^d\to R and W denotes Brownian motion on R^d. For generic F to each local minimum of F there corresponds a metastable state. We prove that the distribution of its rescaled relaxation time converges to the exponential distribution as ε\downarrow 0 with optimal and uniform error estimates. Each metastable state can be viewed as an eigenstate of L_ε with eigenvalue which converges to zero exponentially fast in 1/ε. Modulo errors of exponentially small order in 1/εthis eigenvalue is given as the inverse of the expected metastable relaxation time. The eigenstate is highly concentrated in the basin of attraction of the corresponding trap.
description: Published at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/009117904000000991 in the Annals of Probability (http://www.imstat.org/aop/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
Additional file 1 of Women’s, partners’ and healthcare providers’ views and experiences of assisted vaginal birth: a systematic mixed methods review
Creators: name: Crossland, Nicola
name: Kingdon, Carol
name: Marie-Clare Balaam
name: Betrán, Ana Pilar
name: Downe, Soo
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 1. Search strategy Ovid medline.
Price Determination in the Bottled Water Industry: A Case Study of Poland Spring
Creators: name: Wen, Hong
name: Haller, Lawrence E.
name: Wen, Hong
name: Haller, Lawrence E.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1994
Subjects: Demand and Price Analysis

description: This paper analyzes the price of a single brand in the bottled water industry. We find that the brand's price is negatively related to its own share. We also find that price is positively related to the four firm concentration ratio in the carbonated segment, but unrelated in the noncarbonated segment.
Microstructure evolution in functional magnetic materials
Creators: name: Buckmann, Karsten
Publisher: name: TU Dortmund
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Material modelling
subject: Variational modelling framework
subject: Magnetomechanical coupling
subject: Magnetic shape memory alloys
subject: Finite element method
subject: 620
subject: 670
subject: Mikrostruktur
subject: Gefüge
subject: Materialmodellierung
subject: Memory-Legierung
subject: Finite-Elemente-Methode

description: Die vorliegende Arbeit befasst sich mit der Modellierung und Simulation der Mikrostrukturentwicklung in funktionalen magnetischen Materialien, insbesondere in magnetischen Formgedächtnislegierungen (MSMAs). Das Ziel der Arbeit ist die Entwicklung eines Materialmodells, in dem Informationen über die Mikrostruktur in einem effektiven Sinne erfasst werden, und dessen Einbettung in die Finite Elemente Methode (FEM). Zunächst wird ein mikromagnetisch inspirierter variationeller Modellierungsrahmen eingeführt. Die zugrunde liegende Mikrostruktur wird parametrisiert und sowohl zugehörige Energiedichten als auch Dissipationsfunktionale werden spezifiziert. Dabei wird unter anderem das Konzept der Energierelaxierung angewandt. Mit Hilfe von Demagnetisierungsfaktoren lassen sich makroskopisch homogene Zustände simulieren und die Eigenschaften des Materialmodells untersuchen. Anschließend liegt der Fokus auf der Implementierung solcher Materialmodelle in die FEM. In dem vorgeschlagenen Ansatz werden unter anderem Zustandsvariablen als globale Feldgrößen aufgelöst und Ungleichheits-Nebenbedingungen auf globaler Ebene berücksichtigt. Anhand von magnetostatischen und darauf aufbauenden vollständig gekoppelten Simulationen werden die Vorteile der FEM demonstriert.
description: This thesis deals with the modelling and simulation of the microstructure evolution in functional magnetic materials, especially in magnetic shape memory alloys (MSMAs). The objective of this work is the development of a material model, where information regarding the microstructure is taken into account in an effective sense, and its embedding into the finite element method (FEM). Firstly, a micromagnetics-inspired variational modelling framework is introduced. The underlying microstructure is parametrised and the corresponding energy densities as well as dissipation functionals are specified. Amongst others, the concept of energy relaxation is applied. Using demagnetisation factors, macroscopically homogeneous states are simulated and the properties of the material model are analysed. Afterwards, the focus lies on the implementation of such material models into the FEM. In the proposed approach, state variables are resolved as global fields and inequality constraints are taken into account on the global level. The advantages of the FEM is demonstrated for magnetostatic simulations and-based on them-fully coupled simulations.
Additional file 1 of Evaluation of a pan-Leishmania SL RNA qPCR assay for parasite detection in laboratory-reared and field-collected sand flies and reservoir hosts
Creators: name: Pareyn, Myrthe
name: Hendrickx, Rik
name: Nigatu Girma
name: Hendrickx, Sarah
name: Bockstal, Lieselotte Van
name: Houtte, Natalie Van
name: Shibru, Simon
name: Maes, Louis
name: Leirs, Herwig
name: Caljon, Guy
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. qPCR results of sand fly and hyrax samples from the laboratory and field in four different assays. For each assay the mean quantification cycle threshold value (± standard deviation) are presented.
Dark Energy in an Axion Model with Explicit Z(N) Symmetry Breaking
Creators: name: Jain, Pankaj
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We point out that a well known axion model with an explicit Z(N) symmetry breaking term predicts both dark energy and cold dark matter. We estimate the parameters of this model which fit the observed densities of the dark components of the universe. We find that the parameters do not conflict with any observations.
description: 5 pages, minor changes
Radiative tritium beta-decay and the neutrino mass
Creators: name: Gardner, S.
name: Bernard, V.
name: Meißner, U. -G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The shape of the electron energy spectrum in 3H beta-decay permits a direct assay of the absolute scale of the neutrino mass; a highly accurate theoretical description of the electron energy spectrum is necessary to the empirical task. We update Sirlin's calculation of the outer radiative correction to nuclear beta-decay to take into account the non-zero energy resolution of the electron detector. In previous 3H beta-decay studies the outer radiative corrections were neglected all together; only Coulomb corrections to the spectrum were included. This neglect artificially pushes m_nu^2 < 0 in a potentially significant way. We present a computation of the theoretical spectrum appropriate to the extraction of the neutrino mass in the sub-eV regime.
description: 11 pages, 4 eps figures; discussion, figure added
Lightsaber Vigil to Carrie Fisher: A Fantasy Theme Analysis
Creators: name: Cowan, Rennie
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 200101 Communication Studies
subject: FOS: Media and communications

description: A live vigil in honor of Carrie Fisher was organized by fans of Star Wars at Downtown Disney in Anaheim, California December 28 th , 2016. Fisher died the day before on December 27th. This article uses Ernest Bormann’s fantasy theme analysis to study the event. The shared reality was expressed through visual rhetoric where toy lightsabers were the dramatized artifacts. Interpreted through the symbolic convergence theory (SCT), a cluster of fantasy themes were chained-out within three rhetorical visions: Arthurian mythology, American culture, and the political economy of film. The shared reality consisted of visual elements like symbols and metaphors that were directly influenced by the rhetorical visions.
Maximal CP Violation Hypothesis and Phase Convention of the CKM Matrix
Creators: name: Koide, Yoshio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The maximal CP violation hypothesis depends on the phase convention of the Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa matrix. A phase convention which leads to successful prediction under the maximal CP violation hypothesis is searched, and thereby, possible structures of the quark mass matrices are speculated.
description: 9 pages, no figure, references added
Estimating Brand Level Demand Elasticities and Measuring Market Power for Regular Carbonated Soft Drinks
Creators: name: Langan, Glenn E.
name: Cotterill, Ronald W.
name: Langan, Glenn E.
name: Cotterill, Ronald W.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1994
Subjects: subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This paper reports econometric estimation of brand level demand (AIDS) elasticities for regular carbonated soft drinks using Information Resources, Inc. panel data. Own and cross price elasticities are used to measure actual and hypothetical market power that would arise from potential mergers or collusive pricing arrangements.
Efficiency of alternative property right allocations when farmers produce multiple environmental goods under the condition of economies of scope
Creators: name: Strappazzon, Loris
name: Ha, Arthur
name: Eigenraam, Mark
name: Duke, Charlotte
name: Stoneham, Gary
name: Strappazzon, Loris
name: Ha, Arthur
name: Eigenraam, Mark
name: Duke, Charlotte
name: Stoneham, Gary
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy

description: The efficiency implications of different property right allocations when two environmental goods can be produced under the condition of economies of scope are analysed. It is assumed that an environmental agency – acting on behalf of the community – employs an auction‐based mechanism to buy biodiversity services from farmers. However, farmers’ production of biodiversity produces a second good as a by‐product (e.g., mitigation of a river pollutant) that is valued by point‐source emitters who are engaged in a pollution trading market. The efficiency implications of allocating the property right of the good, mitigation, to either the agency or farmers are analysed. If the agency owns the mitigation then the agency can sell mitigation to point‐source emitters, offsetting the cost of biodiversity. If farmers own mitigation, then they sell it directly to point‐source emitters. Assuming similar transaction costs associated with each property‐right allocation, allocating the property right to farmers improves efficiency, as farmers take account of their private information to make profit‐maximising decisions about the supply of biodiversity and mitigation; the agency would have trouble accessing this private information.
Asymptotic expansions for the Laplace approximations of sums of Banach space-valued random variables
Creators: name: Albeverio, Sergio
name: Liang, Song
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 62E20, 60F10, 60B12. (Primary)

description: Let X_i, i\in N, be i.i.d. B-valued random variables, where B is a real separable Banach space. Let Φbe a smooth enough mapping from B into R. An asymptotic evaluation of Z_n=E(\exp (nΦ(\sum_{i=1}^nX_i/n))), up to a factor (1+o(1)), has been gotten in Bolthausen [Probab. Theory Related Fields 72 (1986) 305-318] and Kusuoka and Liang [Probab. Theory Related Fields 116 (2000) 221-238]. In this paper, a detailed asymptotic expansion of Z_n as n\to \infty is given, valid to all orders, and with control on remainders. The results are new even in finite dimensions.
description: Published at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/009117904000001017 in the Annals of Probability (http://www.imstat.org/aop/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
Modelling the adoption of organic horticultural technology in the UK using Duration Analysis
Creators: name: Burton, Michael P.
name: Rigby, Dan
name: Young, Trevor
name: Burton, Michael P.
name: Rigby, Dan
name: Young, Trevor
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries

description: Duration Analysis, which allows the timing of an event to be explored in a dynamic framework, is used to model the adoption of organic horticultural technology in the UK. The influence of a range of economic and non-economic determinants is explored using discrete time models. The empirical results highlight the importance of gender, attitudes to the environment and information networks, as well as systematic effects that influence the adoption decision over the lifetime of the producer and over the survey period.
Efficient esterification reaction of palmitic acid catalyzed by WO3-x/mesoporous silica
Creators: name: Peruzzolo, Tailor Machado
name: Stival, João Felipe
name: Baika, Loana Mara
name: Ramos, Luiz Pereira
name: Grassi, Marco Tadeu
name: Rocco, Maria Luiza Miranda
name: Nakagaki, Shirley
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Inorganic Chemistry

description: Different solid catalysts were prepared by impregnation of tungsten species on commercial mesoporous silica. The resulting materials were characterized in order to elucidate their composition, properties and acidity. Moreover, the catalytic results were carefully studied, in an attempt to reach insights about the catalytic active species involved in the investigated reactions. The obtained solids were nominated Q15W-X, where X = 1 means an impregnation using ammonium paratungstate (APT), X = 2 sodium tungstate (Na2WO4) and X = 3 tungstic acid dihydrate (W-2) as tungsten source. They were evaluated as catalysts towards the esterification of palmitic acid by methanol, the average conversion was found to be between 80 and 90% and the catalysts were reused in four more reaction cycles, keeping similar conversion results as in the first use. The spectroscopic analyses suggested that the formation of polytungstate species over the silica with different tungsten species, mainly W5+ and W6+ is probably influence the esterification under mild conditions. Such species are not present in the solid resulting from the impregnation of W-2 on glass beads (GB) and the solid WO3 obtained by the calcination of W-2 (WO3-C), which presents poor catalytic activity and are mostly constituted by monoclinic WO3.
Classical evolution and quantum generation in generalized gravity theories including string corrections and tachyon: Unified analyses
Creators: name: Hwang, J.
name: Noh, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present cosmological perturbation theory based on generalized gravity theories including string theory correction terms and a tachyonic complication. The classical evolution as well as the quantum generation processes in these variety of gravity theories are presented in unified forms. These apply both to the scalar- and tensor-type perturbations. Analyses are made based on the curvature variable in two different gauge conditions often used in the literature in Einstein's gravity; these are the curvature variables in the comoving (or uniform-field) gauge and the zero-shear gauge. Applications to generalized slow-roll inflations and its consequent power spectra are derived in unified forms which include wide range of inflationary scenarios based on Einstein's gravity and others.
description: 24 pages, no figure
Additional file 3 of The adaptive immune and immune checkpoint landscape of neoadjuvant treated esophageal adenocarcinoma using digital pathology quantitation
Creators: name: Humphries, Matthew P.
name: Craig, Stephanie G.
name: Kacprzyk, Rafal
name: Fisher, Natalie C.
name: Bingham, Victoria
name: McQuaid, Stephen
name: Murray, Graeme I.
name: McManus, Damian
name: Turkington, Richard C.
name: James, Jacqueline
name: Salto-Tellez, Manuel
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Additional file 3: Table S3. Discovery Cohort Multivariate Analysis Excluding TRG 1 and 2 cases.
Blockchain Concept to Combat Drug Counterfeiting by Increasing Supply Chain Visibility.pdf
Creators: name: Trautmann, Lorenz
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 150309 Logistics and Supply Chain Management
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This paper explores the pharmaceutical supply chain and drug counterfeiting problems and the opportunities of using digital technologies to overcome them. It also evaluates the risks associated with the use of digital technologies. In the first step, eleven expert interviews were conducted with pharmaceutical supply chain stakeholders. The data obtained was evaluated in the form of qualitative content analysis. In addition to the lack of transparency, strong individual interests of the supply chain players and different digitization speeds were revealed. It is also noticeable that the industry is still paper-oriented. Nevertheless, the experts are optimistic about the increased use of digital technologies. Combining blockchain with other technologies such as IoT and AI can improve efficiency, traceability, and trust in pharmaceutical supply chains. Therefore, a digitalized supply chain concept is developed, enhancing transparency and information availability in the supply chain. In addition, communication and processes along the entire pharmaceutical supply chain are optimized.
Science Icebreaker Activities: An Example from Gravitational Wave Astronomy
Creators: name: Larson, Michelle B.
name: Rubbo, Louis J.
name: Zaleski, Kristina D.
name: Larson, Shane L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Physics Education (physics.ed-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: At the beginning of a class or meeting an icebreaker activity is often used to help loosen the group and get everyone talking. Our motivation is to develop activities that serve the purpose of an icebreaker, but are designed to enhance and supplement a science-oriented agenda. The subject of this article is an icebreaker activity related to gravitational wave astronomy. We first describe the unique gravitational wave signals from three distinct sources: monochromatic binaries, merging compact objects, and extreme mass ratio encounters. These signals form the basis of the activity where participants work to match an ideal gravitational wave signal with noisy detector output for each type of source.
description: Accepted to The Physics Teacher. Original manuscript divided into two papers at the request of the referee. For a related paper on gravitational wave observatories see physics/0509201
Enhancements of CFDAMA protocol for multi-service applications in a GEO broadband satellite network
Creators: name: Ibikunle, Olumide B.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: The bursty behavior and the diverse quality of service (QoS) requirements of the component traffic generated at the user terminals (UTs) in current broadband satellite networks (BSN's) have been shown in numerous research projects to necessitate the use of dynamic medium access control (MAC) protocols such as the combined free/demand assigned multiple access (CFDAMA) protocol for efficient statistical multiplexing of the traffic from the several UTs on the uplink channel. Several predictive algorithms have been proposed to enhance the CFDAMA protocol performance by estimating the dynamic trends in the bursty UT traffic and allocating the uplink capacity based on those trends. In this thesis, we provide enhancements to the predictive algorithms of the CFDAMA protocol using a two-frame traffic momentum estimation strategy in a time division multiple access (TDMA)/multi-frequency (MF)-TDMA uplink frame format. Moreover, the performances of the CFDAMA protocol variants were enhanced for an application environment consisting of a mixture of real-time (RT) and nonreal- time (NRT) applications. For RT applications we take advantage of packet-level application profile information obtainable from the real-time protocol (RTP) and real-time control protocol (RTCP). The resulting protocol relies on the cross-layer application-profile description provided to implement intelligent resource request signaling (RRS), dynamic capacity allocation (DCA), and a priority-based local capacity allocation scheme. Simulation results for the proposed enhancements, when compared with previous variants of CFDAMA, display significant performance improvements in terms of minimizing the delay and delay jitter or distributing these performance metrics between the application types in the UT to meet the different QoS requirements.