Schmidopsyche rossi Olah & Schefter 2008, new species
Creators: name: Oláh, J.
name: Johanson, K. A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2008
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Trichoptera
Hydropsychidae
Schmidopsyche
Schmidopsyche rossi

description: Schmidopsyche rossi Oláh & Schefter, new species   
Fig. 279–290  
 Adult. Body and wings (Fig. 279–281, 287) dark brown. Forewing membrane brown, with slight, distinct faint maculation. Antennae thick, densely covered by short pilisity; contrasting yellow with brown stripes in male; less contrasting in female. Head dorsum (Fig. 279) dark brown, with 6–7 dark setal warts; anteromesal, or interantennal wart not discernible; female head with pair of anterior warts separated into 4 small warts; in male anterior warts forming 2–3 minute, lateral, satellite warts. Male and female maxillary palps very thick, short. Maxillary palp (Fig. 280) segment I shortest, segment II, III and IV almost equally long, segment V much shorter than sum of segments I–IV. Maxillary and labial palp covered by very short setae; without sharp bristles or long setae; small group of long setae present on dorsal and dorsomesal area of maxillary palp segment II. Swollen setal wart present on proepisternum. Female mid-tibia and mid-tarsus almost as broad and flattened as in Hydronema; with long marginal swimming setae. Tibial spur formula 144 in male, 244 in female; all spurs well-developed; long, broad, except smaller size of single preapical tibial spur on male foreleg. Female tarsal claws symmetrical, very long, asymmetrical, with laterally flanked setal bundle on anterior leg; male pretarsal claws symmetrical, long on mid- and hind-legs.   
Wings (Fig. 281, 287). Forewings with stiff, erect setae regularly set on longitudinal main veins and main cells, arranged irregularly in double rows. In resting position, forewings looks very narrow, particularly in males, resulting from wing folding along main veins enforced by enlarged and erect vein setae. Additional fold along Cu 1 in male, and along A in female participating in narrowing forewings in resting position. Forewing crossveins m-cu and cu distant from each other. Sc and R, and Cu2 and A separate before costa. Dc elongate. Crossvein m absent in males; present in females, although irregularly faint, almost indiscernible in right forewing of one of 3 female paratypes. Hind wing Sc and R meeting before costa about at crossvein r. Stem of M and Cu1 running separate from each other. Crossvein m-cu present. Median cell open. Dc open, or crossvein r hardly indiscernible. Fork 1 present. Crossvein r-m absent in male (Fig. 281) due to fusion of R4 +5 and M1+2. Male forewing length 6.7 mm, hind wing length 5.2 mm. Female forewing length 11.2 mm, hind wing length 8.3 mm.  
Abdominal segment V without glands; with pair of small, elongate protuberances in female; short lobes in male present near dorsobasal margin.  
Male genitalia (Fig. 282–286). Abdominal segment IX fused annularly (Fig. 282). Median keel short, broad, narrowing apicad in dorsal view (Fig. 283); granulose dorsal and lateral surfaces; apex open in dorsal view (Fig. 283). Anterior margins of segment IX almost regularly arciform (Fig. 282); both sides with equally long dorsum and ventrum. Antecosta well developed, present in single line, narrowing dorsally and ventrally before margin (Fig. 282). External groove of antecostal suture present. Apical lobe on posterolateral margins located at mid-height of segment IX, broad, rounded (Fig. 282). Posterior spine row intermittent, present on apical lobes and slopes of median keel (Fig. 282). Depression between segments IX and X obtusely angled stepwise. Body of segment X elongate, parallel-sided in lateral and dorsal view (Fig. 282, 283); body bilobed with deep, narrow median cleft visible in dorsal view (Fig. 283). Pair of small, smooth humps present on middle of dorsum; devoid of long, digitate processes, all 3 pairs of setose processes reduced to setose surface or protuberance. Preanal appendages forming setose, elongate surfaces located at mid-length on distal half of segment X. Apicoventral setose lobes modified into pair of setose protuberances ventrally on apex the segment X. Dorsal interlobular gap narrow, deep, demarcated by bilobed body. Apicodorsal setose lobes reduced to pair of small, setose mesal corners of segment (Fig. 283), located on apical slope of segment X. Smooth cavity on segment X absent. Longitudinal suture running obliquely on each side behind setose surface of preanal appendages (Fig. 282, 283). Transverse suture runs from stepwise depression on each side basally on segment X (Fig. 282, 283). Coxopodites stout, exceeding apex of segment X, dorsal margin sinuous; ventral margin weakly sinuous; appendages slightly broadening before mid-length (Fig. 282); nearly straight in ventral view (Fig. 284). Harpagones finger-like, curving dorsad in lateral view (Fig. 282); straight in ventral view (Fig. 284). Phallic apparatus simply bent, ventrad curving basal part with broad apex (Fig. 285). Anterior part of horizontal phallotheca almost as broad as ventrad curving part; narrowing before apex, ventral margin wrinkled from mid-length; wrinkles, separated by furrows, pronounced, present on heavily sclerotized tube of phallotheca. Phallotheca distally ending in ventral, broad, spoon-like structure with same strong sclerotization as phallothecal tube; superimposed by complex of membranous endothecal lobes; 2 pairs of lobes and single median lobe present, nearly invisible. Sclerotized elements among membranous endothecal processes absent, except trace of slightly sclerotized phallotremal sclerites discernible at end of endophallus. Endophallus long, narrowing anterad; sclerous band located dorsally.  
 Female genitalia (Fig. 288–290). Abdomen tapering considerably posterad, more in dorsal and ventral than in lateral view; coronally (coronal plane) narrowing posterad. Tergum VIII nearly triangularly narrowing posterad, each side with ventrobasal, short, oblique suture (Fig. 288); ventrocaudal angle absent in lateral view; wide, shallow U-shaped mesal dorsocaudal incision present in dorsal view (Fig. 289); tergal surface bare, produced, provided by tiny, closely set microtrichiae; devoid on setae, except 3–4 small setae present on ventrocaudal margin (Fig. 288). Each side with narrow pleurosternum (sensu Denning 1943), or posterolateral apodeme (sensu Schefter & Ward 2002), parallel-sided, fusing to dorsal margin of sternum VIII, separated by well-developed horizontal suture; surface less sclerotized, bare, 2–3 small setae located near distal margin (Fig. 288). Sternum VIII almost quadrangular (Fig. 288); ventrocaudal corners truncate in lateral view (Fig. 288). Pair of freely flanking, lobe-like corners, ventral plate (sensu Nielsen 1980) or lateral plate (sensu Denning 1943) separated by deep, wide mesal ventrocaudal membranous incision. Lobe-like corner densely covered with long setae flanking fused membranous sternal part of segments IX and X. Posterior half of sternum VIII covered scarcely by short setae, basal half devoid of setae (Fig. 288, 290). Tergum IX vertically elongate in lateral view (Fig. 288); directed obliquely to main axis of abdomen; nearly triangular, acutely angled ventrad. Antecosta present on anterior margin, acrotergite well visible on dorsum in lateral view (Fig. 288). Dorsal margin rounded in lateral and dorsal view, 4–5 large, long closely set setae in brush on both sides of dorsocaudal margin (Fig. 288, 289). Strongly sclerotized ridge running ventrally through body of tergum IX from rimmed dorsum to acutely angled ventral tip, dividing segment into elevated basal part and distal depression (Fig. 288). Depression on each sides extending ventrad to strongly posterad produced triangular lobe, delineating distal cavity of clasper groove. Clasper groove enlarged into distal depression; basal part with elevation produced into small, triangular, lateral lobe (sensu Denning 1943), or tongue-like lamellae (sensu Nielsen 1980) at ventral third of ridge; apex covered by small group of setae (Fig. 288). Clasper receptacles deeply notched, covered by obliquely, posterad directed valves for fusion with male harpagones. Distinctly marked suture on each side delineating less pigmented, short tergum X along distal margin of tergite IX. Tergite X representing body of upper lip of atrium (sensu Nielsen 1980) composed of foliate, flat, lobe covered by short setae and 2 tridactylate, short lobes (Fig. 288). Dorsal lobe largest; middle process (cercus sensu Nielsen 1980) shorter, digitate, sclerotized and slender, slightly orienting mesad, with 2–3 apical setae. Dorsal and ventral processes blunt, with dense covering of tiny, peg-like setae set on dome-like alveolar membranes in deep alveoli. Similar sclerotized setose and foliate, but smaller flat lobes may represent rudimentary sternal lobes, or lateral tergal plate (sensu Denning 1943), concealed basoventrally under foliate lobe of tergite X. Lobes connected by smooth, membranous, triangular, median body surrounding dorsally anovaginal opening, connecting basally to lower lip. Lower lip of atrium (sensu Nielsen 1980), or vulvar scale (sensu Schmid 1998) representing sternal portions of segment IX or part of segment X, visible mostly as distended, bag-like structure. Vaginal apparatus (visible in cleared abdomen) ending in laterally bilobed, ventrally trilobed, proximal structure, almost unsclerotized.   
 Holotype male: INDIA: Sikkim, Donkung, 22.vi.1959 [F. Schmid] - (ROM, in alcohol).   
Paratypes: same data as holotype - 3 females (ROM, 2 pinned, 1 in alcohol).  
 Distribution. India (Sikkim)   
 Etymology. rossi, dedicated Dr. Herbert H. Ross, for his significant contribution to the understanding of the structure and evolution of the phallic apparatus. Moreover, he initiated a very productive dispute on the significance of the phallic apparatus in the taxonomy of hydropsychines.
description: Published as part of Oláh, J. & Johanson, K. A., 2008, Generic review of Hydropsychinae, with description of Schmidopsyche, new genus, 3 new genus clusters, 8 new species groups, 4 new species clades, 12 new species clusters and 62 new species from the Oriental and Afrotropical regions (Trichoptera: Hydropsychidae), pp. 1-248 in Zootaxa 1802 on pages 171-173