cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
First inverse kinematics study of the $^{22}$Ne$(p,γ)^{23}$Na reaction and its role in AGB star and classical nova nucleosynthesis
Creators: name: Williams, M.
name: Lennarz, A.
name: Laird, A. M.
name: Battino, U.
name: Connolly, J. José D.
name: Ruiz, C.
name: Chen, A.
name: Davids, B.
name: Esker, N.
name: Fulton, B. R.
name: Garg, R.
name: Gay, x M.
name: Greife, U.
name: Hager, U.
name: Hutcheon, D.
name: Lovely, M.
name: Lyons, S.
name: Psaltis, A.
name: Riley, J. E.
name: Tattersall, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The abundances of sodium and oxygen are observed to be anti-correlated in all well-studied globular clusters. Asymptotic giant branch (AGB) stars undergoing hot bottom burning (HBB) are thought to be prime candidates for producing sodium-rich oxygen-poor material and expelling it into the cluster ISM. The 22Ne(p,gamma)23Na reaction has been shown to strongly influence the amount of 23Na produced during HBB. This reaction is also important for classical novae nucleosynthesis, with sensitivity studies showing that the abundances of several isotopes in the Ne-Al region are significantly altered when varying the reaction rate between available compilations. Here we present the first inverse kinematics measurements of key resonances strengths as well as the direct capture S-factor. Together, this study represents the largest centre of mass energy range (149-1222 keV) over which this reaction has been measured in a single experiment. Our results for low-energy resonances at Ecm=149, 181 and 248 keV are in good agreement with recent forward kinematics results; we also find a direct capture S-factor consistent with the literature value of 62 keV.b. However, in the case of the important reference resonance at Ecm = 458 keV we find a strength value of wg=0.44 +/- 0.02 eV, which is significantly lower than recent results. Using our new recommended rate we explore the impact of these results on both AGB star and classical novae nucleosynthesis. In the case of AGB stars we see very little abundance changes with respect to the rate included in the STARLIB-2013. However, we observe changes of up to a factor of 2 in isotopes produced in both the carbon-oxygen (CO) and oxygen-neon (ONe) classical novae models considered here. The 22Ne(p,gamma)23Na reaction rate is now sufficiently well constrained to not significantly contribute toward abundance uncertainties from classical novae nucleosynthesis models.
description: 19 pages, 19 figures, 8 tables
Three species collisionless reconnection: Effect of O+ on magnetotail reconnection
Creators: name: Shay, M. A.
name: Swisdak, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The nature of collisionless reconnection in a three-species plasma composed of a heavy species, protons, and electrons is examined. Besides the usual two length scales present in two-species reconnection, there are two additional larger length scales in the system: one associated with a "heavy whistler" which produces a large scale quadrupolar out-of-plane magnetic field, and one associated with the "heavy Alfven" wave which can slow the outflow speed and thus the reconnection rate. The consequences for reconnection in the magnetotail with an O+ population present are discussed.
description: Physical Review Letters, in press, 5 pages with 4 figures
The physics of rotational flattening and the point core model
Creators: name: Essen, Hanno
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A point mass at the center of an ellipsoidal homogeneous fluid is used as a simple model to study the effect of rotation on the shape and external gravitational field of planets and stars. Maclaurin's analytical result for a homogenous body is generalized to this model. The absence of a third order term in the Taylor expansion of the Maclaurin function leads to further simple but very accurate analytical results connecting the three observables: oblateness ($ε$), gravitational quadrupole ($J_{2}$), and angular velocity parameter ($q$). These are compared to observational data for the planets. The moments of inertia of the planets are calculated and compared to published values. The oblateness of the Sun is estimated. Oscillations near equilibrium are studied within the model.
description: 23 pages, 2 figures, one table
Environmental Control System and Flight Control System Architecture Optimization from a Family Concept Design Perspective
Creators: name: Cabaleiro De La Hoz, C.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Master Thesis

description: The scope of this thesis is to do the optimization of an aircraft’s environmental control system (ECS) and flight control system (FCS) from a systems architecture perspective and from a family concept design problem. From a systems architecture perspective because the optimization goal is about the overall configuration of the system, not of one single component or function. And family concept design because its goal is to optimize several aircraft at the same time. This means, generally speaking, that the optimization should find the optimum ECS and FCS architecture configurations for each member of a new aircraft family. This problem requires aMulti-disciplinary Design Optimization (MDO) approach since it involves more than one discipline (thermodynamics, costs, aircraft performance. . . ). And will be part of a bigger optimization problem (On-Board Systems Optimization). One of the main problems with these kinds of optimizations is that architectures are discrete variables, and the quantification of the decision of choosing that configuration among the others is not clear. For this reason, optimization based on gradient methods is discarded and the main tools used are genetic algorithms (heuristic methods).Now, the main concepts are going to be explained more in depth and after the main design variables, parameters and optimization objectives are shown.
Changes in Rice Farming in the Philippines: Insights from five decades of a household-level survey
Creators: name: Moya, Piedad
name: Kajisa, Kei
name: Barker, Randolph
name: Mohanty, Samarendu
name: Gascon, Fe
name: San Valentin, Mary Rose
name: Moya, Piedad
name: Kajisa, Kei
name: Barker, Randolph
name: Mohanty, Samarendu
name: Gascon, Fe
name: San Valentin, Mary Rose
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies

description: This book centers around the structural and economic changes in rice farming that have occurred in the Philippines during the past five decades. As a researcher at the International Rice Research Institute (IRRI) for more than 30 years, I have been a witness to these changes through my involvement and encounters with farmers. This experience has given me a first-hand knowledge of what is actually happening in farmers’ fields and with their family. Five years ago, Samarendu Mohanty, the head of the Social Sciences Division (SSD), gave me the responsibility to establish the social science database that involved the organization and consolidation of numerous farm-level data sets that SSD had accumulated over the years. The book consists of three major parts: (1) the main text that consists of eight chapters that deal with the quantitative data on rice production systems that present the trends and changes in yield, input use, and profitability of rice production over the years; (2) the last chapter consists of six case studies that focus on how the farm household and its family have changed over time; and (3) substantive Appendices that contain not only detailed tables mentioned in the text, but detailed survey data per observation that were processed on a per hectare basis for use by other researchers or anybody who would be interested in doing a more in-depth analysis.
The TA Framework: Designing Real-time Teaching Augmentation for K-12 Classrooms
Creators: name: An, Pengcheng
name: Holstein, Kenneth
name: d'Anjou, Bernice
name: Eggen, Berry
name: Bakker, Saskia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Recently, the HCI community has seen increased interest in the design of teaching augmentation (TA): tools that extend and complement teachers' pedagogical abilities during ongoing classroom activities. Examples of TA systems are emerging across multiple disciplines, taking various forms: e.g., ambient displays, wearables, or learning analytics dashboards. However, these diverse examples have not been analyzed together to derive more fundamental insights into the design of teaching augmentation. Addressing this opportunity, we broadly synthesize existing cases to propose the TA framework. Our framework specifies a rich design space in five dimensions, to support the design and analysis of teaching augmentation. We contextualize the framework using existing designs cases, to surface underlying design trade-offs: for example, balancing actionability of presented information with teachers' needs for professional autonomy, or balancing unobtrusiveness with informativeness in the design of TA systems. Applying the TA framework, we identify opportunities for future research and design.
description: to be published in Proceedings of the 2020 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, 17 pages, 10 figures
One-way pedestrian traffic is a means of reducing personal encounters in epidemics
Creators: name: Mello, Bernardo A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Cellular Automata and Lattice Gases (nlin.CG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Minimizing social contact is an important tool to reduce the spread of diseases, but harms people's well-being. This and other, more compelling reasons, urge people to walk outside periodically. The present simulation explores how organizing the traffic of pedestrians affects the number of walking or running people passing by each other. By applying certain rules this number can be significantly reduced, thus reducing the contribution of person-to-person contagious to the basic reproductive number, R0. One example is the traffic of pedestrians on sidewalks. Another is the use of walking or running tracks in parks. It is demonstrated here that the number of people crossing each other can be drastically reduced if one-way traffic is enforced and runners are separated from walkers.
A characterization of continuous variable entanglement
Creators: name: Bowen, W. P.
name: Schnabel, R.
name: Lam, P. K.
name: Ralph, T. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an experimental analysis of quadrature entanglement produced from a pair of amplitude squeezed beams. The correlation matrix of the state is characterized within a set of reasonable assumptions, and the strength of the entanglement is gauged using measures of the degree of inseparability and the degree of EPR paradox. We introduce controlled decoherence in the form of optical loss to the entangled state, and demonstrate qualitative differences in the response of the degrees of inseparability and EPR paradox to this loss. The entanglement is represented on a photon number diagram that provides an intuitive and physically relevant description of the state. We calculate efficacy contours for several quantum information protocols on this diagram, and use them to predict the effectiveness of our entanglement in those protocols.
description: 17 pages, 15 figures, published with minor changes
Establishing Community-Based Seed Systems: A Training Manual
Creators: name: Manzanilla, Digna O.
name: Janiya, Joel D.
name: Johnson, David E.
name: Manzanilla, Digna O.
name: Janiya, Joel D.
name: Johnson, David E.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: Farm Management

description: This training manual is a compilation of knowledge, learning, and feedback from the series of Community-based Seed Systems’ (CBSS) training programs conducted in the Philippines. Digna Manzanilla, the Coordinator of the Consortium for Unfavorable Rice Environments (CURE) spearheaded the conceptualization, preparation, and packaging of this manual. Joel Janiya provided invaluable roles in coordinating and conducting the training programs; as well as, in editing and packaging the modules. Eleonor de Leon, Priscilla Grace Canas, and Christian Umali provided assistance in coordinating with the authors for copy editing, final arrangements, and presswork of this publication. Former CURE Coordinator, David Johnson and leader of the working group for upland rice systems, Casiana Vera Cruz provided technical guidance throughout the planning and implementation stages of the training and publication. With the able support of the International Rice Research Institute’s (IRRI) national program relations, headed by Julian Lapitan and staff, Manuel Alejar, links to Philippine’s national rice programs were made possible; thus, paving the way for the series of regional/national training of trainers on CBSS in the Philippines.
Teaching for digital literacy : hypermedia texts in the secondary English classroom
Creators: name: Harris, Richard Adam
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2014

description: It has become clear that our understanding of literacy needs to change. "Hypermedia" is a term that this paper uses to describe texts that make use of multiple modalities, are created in a digital writing environment, and may be read in a non-linear manner. Today's secondary level students are extensively reading hypermedia texts (Luckin et al., 2009; Meneses and Momino, 2010), but they are not producing hypermedia texts themselves (Luckin et al.,2009). This paper identifies a gap between the literacy skills today's students require and those that are presently being taught in schools. The research review portion of the paper analyses digital literacy practices in schools, and, more specifically, the use of hypermedia by teachers and students. It is focused by the following question: What does the literature reveal about the use of hypermedia text reading and construction in secondary education? The application to practice section of this paper consists of a unit plan that answers the following focus question: How can hypermedia text be used for the construction and communication of literary analysis at the secondary level? This unit plan is designed for an enriched English classroom at the secondary level, but is easily adaptable for regular English classes. The major assessment piece is a student-constructed hypermedia text that demonstrates both conventional and digital literacy skills.
One likelihood to bind them all: Lyman-$α$ constraints on non-standard dark matter
Creators: name: Hooper, Deanna C.
name: Schöneberg, Nils
name: Murgia, Riccardo
name: Archidiacono, Maria
name: Lesgourgues, Julien
name: Viel, Matteo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent cosmological tensions have rekindled the search for models beyond $Λ$CDM that cause a suppression of the matter power spectrum. Due to the small scales accessible to Lyman-$α$ data they are an excellent additional tool to probe such models. In this work we extend a recently-developed approach for using Lyman-$α$ data to constrain the power spectrum suppression caused by almost any mixture of cold and non-standard dark matter. We highlight the steps involved in the development of a corresponding likelihood that will be publicly released upon publication of this work. We study three examples of models suppressing the power spectrum, namely feebly interacting dark matter, dark matter interacting with baryons, and mixed cold+warm dark matter. The latter two can be well constrained from Lyman-$α$ data, and we derive novel conclusions on the cosmologically allowed parameter spaces, including finding a mild preference for non-zero interactions between dark matter and baryons. The consistency of the constraints obtained on these models highlight the robustness and flexibility of the likelihood developed here.
description: 34 pages, 10 figures, and one table. Comments are welcome!
Asymptotics of random resonances generated by a point process of delta-interactions
Creators: name: Albeverio, Sergio
name: Karabash, Illya M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Spectral Theory (math.SP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We introduce and study the following model for random resonances: we take a collection of point interactions $Υ_j$ generated by a simple finite point process in the 3-D space and consider the resonances of associated random Schrödinger Hamiltonians $H_Υ= -Δ+ ``\sum \mathfrak{m}(α) δ(x - Υ_j)``$. These resonances are zeroes of a random exponential polynomial, and so form a point process $Σ(H_Υ)$ in the complex plane $\mathbb{C}$. We show that the counting function for the set of random resonances $Σ(H_Υ)$ in $\mathbb{C}$-discs with growing radii possesses Weyl-type asymptotics almost surely for a uniform binomial process $Υ$, and obtain an explicit formula for the limiting distribution as $m \to \infty$ of the leading parameter of the asymptotic chain of `most narrow' resonances generated by a sequence of uniform binomial processes $Υ^m$ with $m$ points. We also pose a general question about the limiting behavior of the point process formed by leading parameters of asymptotic sequences of resonances. Our study leads to questions about metric characteristics for the combinatorial geometry of $m$ samples of a random point in the 3-D space and related statistics of extreme values.
description: 21 pages
Stochastic Multi Configuration Time-Dependent Hartree for Dissipative Quantum Dynamics with Strong Intramolecular Coupling
Creators: name: Mandal, Souvik
name: Gatti, Fabien
name: Bindech, Oussama
name: Marquardt, Roberto
name: Tremblay, Jean Christophe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this article, we explore the dissipation dynamics of a strongly coupled multidimensional system in contact with a Markovian bath following a system-bath approach. We use in this endeavour the recently developed stochastic Multi-Configuration Time-Dependent Hartree approach within the Monte Carlo wave packet formalism [J.Chem.Phys.156, 094109 (2022)]. The method proved to yield thermalized ensembles of wave packets when intramolecular coupling is weak. To treat strongly coupled systems, new Lindblad dissipative operators are constructed as linear combinations of the system coordinates and associated momenta. These are obtained by an unitary transformation to a normal mode representation, which reduces intermode coupling up to second order. Additionally, we use combinations of generalized raising/lowering operators to enforce the Boltzmann distribution in the dissipation operators, which yield perfect thermalization in the harmonic limit. The two ansatz are tested using a model two-dimensional hamiltonian parameterized to disentangle the effects of intramolecular potential coupling, of strong mode mixing observed in Fermi resonances, and of anharmonicity.
description: 32 pages, 11 figures
Attosecond-fast internal photoemission
Creators: name: Heide, Christian
name: Hauck, Martin
name: Higuchi, Takuya
name: Ristein, Jürgen
name: Ley, Lothar
name: Weber, Heiko B.
name: Hommelhoff, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The photoelectric effect has a sister process relevant in optoelectronics called internal photoemission. Here an electron is photoemitted from a metal into a semiconductor. While the photoelectric effect takes place within less than 100 attoseconds, the attosecond time scale has so far not been measured for internal photoemission. Based on the new method CHArge transfer time MEasurement via Laser pulse duration-dependent saturation fluEnce determinatiON, CHAMELEON, we show that the atomically thin semi-metal graphene coupled to bulk silicon carbide, forming a Schottky junction, allows charge transfer times as fast as (300 $\pm$ 200) attoseconds. These results are supported by a simple quantum mechanical model simulation. With the obtained cut-off bandwidth of 3.3 PHz for the charge transfer rate, this semimetal-semiconductor interface represents the first functional solid-state interface offering the speed and design space required for future light-wave signal processing.
Rice in the Shadow of Sky Scrapers
Creators: name: Dawe, David
name: Jaffee, Steven
name: Santos, Nuno
name: Dawe, David
name: Jaffee, Steven
name: Santos, Nuno
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries

description: In many countries of East and Southeast Asia, rice plays a very significant role in society, typically accounting for the largest single share of food calories and food expenditure, playing an important role in the agrarian system and livelihoods of a majority of farmers, being a leading user of land and water resources, and featuring heavily in local cultures and traditions. As an illustration, the share of rice in total cereal production is very high in the region: around 43 percent in East Asia and 86 percent in Southeast Asia versus around 28 percent for the world. Moreover, the region is the world’s leading rice producer. Using FAO estimates for 2012, East and Southeast Asia accounted for about 60 percent of the world’s paddy rice production (with China alone accounting for around 28 percent). In the region, rice is also an important traded commodity, with the region featuring several of the world’s leading rice exporters (such as Viet Nam and Thailand) and importers (such as China, the Philippines and Indonesia). Overall, the region accounts for at least 44 percent of total world rice exports and at least 19 percent of total imports.
Catalogue 2014
Creators: name: Columbres, L.R.
name: Columbres, L.R.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries

description: Catalogue 2014 provides an updated list of books, almanacs, CD/DVD publications, discussion papers, limited proceedings, technical bulletin, annual reports, and others produced by IRRI from 2000 to 2014. The full title display of each book description contains the link to the full text in PDF and available for free download.
Resonant Precession of Magnetization and Precession -- Induced DC voltages in FeGaB Thin Films
Creators: name: Bajracharya, Prabesh
name: Sharma, Vinay
name: Johnson, Anthony
name: Budhani, Ramesh C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Measurements of frequency dependent ferromagnetic resonance (FMR) and spin pumping driven dc voltage (V_{dc}) are reported for amorphous films of Fe_{78}Ga_{13}B_{9} (FeGaB) alloy to address the phenomenon of self-induced inverse spin Hall effect (ISHE) in plain films of metallic ferromagnets. The V_{dc} signal, which is antisymmetric on field reversal, comprises of symmetric and asymmetric Lorentzians centered around the resonance field. Dominant role of thin film size effects is seen in setting the magnitude of static magnetization, V_{dc} and dynamics of magnetization precession in thinner films (\leq 8 nm). The film thickness dependence of magnetization parameters indicates the presence of a magnetically disordered region at the film-substrate interface, which may promote preferential flow of spins generated by the precessing magnetization towards the substrate. However, the V_{dc} signal also draws contributions from rectification effects of a \approx 0.4 \% anisotropic magnetoresistance and a large (\approx 54 n\Omega.m) anomalous Hall resistivity (AHR) of these films which ride over the effect of spin-orbit coupling driven spin-to-charge conversion near the film-substrate interface. We have addressed these data in the framework of the existing theories of electrodynamics of a ferromagnetic film subjected to radio-frequency field in a coplanar waveguide geometry. Our estimation of the self-induced ISHE for the sample with 54 n\Omega.m AHR shows that it may contribute significantly (\approx 90\%) to the measured symmetric voltage. This study is expected to be very useful for fully understanding the spin pumping induced dc voltages in metallic ferromagnets with disordered interfaces and large anomalous Hall effect.
description: 9 figures
Proceedings of the 6th International Hybrid Rice Symposium
Creators: name: Xie, F
name: Hardy, B
name: Xie, F
name: Hardy, B
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2012
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries

description: The agricultural sector, particularly the rice sector, is radically changing in India and the rest of the world. Rice remains the world’s most important food commodity, particularly in Asia, but it faces challenges such as climate change, degradation of farming areas, decreased water availability, and increased population. It is therefore appropriate to discuss these pressing concerns as the demand for rice is increasing sharply despite dwindling resources. This reality was examined at the 6th International Symposium on Hybrid Rice with the theme “Public-Private Partnership for Hybrid Rice.” The topics covered hybrid rice development, hybrid rice seed production, applications of molecular technology, crop and resource management, and the economics of hybrid rice. The symposium was held in Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh, India, on 10-12 September 2012. It was hosted by the Indian Council for Agricultural Research (ICAR) and jointly organized by the International Rice Research Institute (IRRI) and the Directorate of Rice Research (DRR). A total of 440 representatives from the public and private sector of 32 countries participated.
Suzaku Observations of the Cluster Outskirts and Intercluster Filament in the Triple Merger Cluster Abell 98
Creators: name: Alvarez, Gabriella E.
name: Randall, Scott W.
name: Su, Yuanyuan
name: Sarkar, Arnab
name: Walker, Stephen
name: Lee, Nicholas P.
name: Sarazin, Craig L.
name: Blanton, Elizabeth
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present Suzaku observations of the Abell 98 (A98) triple galaxy cluster system and the purported intercluster filament. The three subclusters are expected to lie along a large scale cosmic filament. With partial azimuthal coverage of the northernmost cluster, we find that the inferred entropy profile of this relatively low mass cluster ($kT \approx 2.8$ keV) adheres to expectations from models of self-similar pure gravitational collapse in the region of the virial radius. There is evidence of extended structure beyond $r_{200}$ to the north of the northernmost cluster, along the merger axis, with properties consistent with what is expected for the warm-hot intergalacitc medium (WHIM; $kT = 0.11_{-0.02}^{+0.01}$ keV, $n_e = {7.6 \times 10^{-5}}^{+3.6 \times 10^{-5}}_{-3.6 \times 10^{-5}}$~cm$^{-3}$). No such emission is detected at the same radius in regions away from the merger axis, consistent with the expectation that the merger axis of this triple system lies along a large scale cosmic filament. In the bridge region between A98N and A98S, there is evidence of filamentary emission at the $2.2σ$ level, as well as a tentative detection of cool gas ($kT \sim 1$ keV). The entropy profile of this intercluster filament suggests that the A98 system is most likely aligned closer to the plane of the sky rather than along the line of sight. The structure to the north of the system, as well as in between A98N and A98S is indicative that the clusters are connected to a larger-scale structure spanning at least 4 Mpc.
description: Submitted to ApJ. Comments are welcome
Vehicle Position Estimation with Aerial Imagery from Unmanned Aerial Vehicles
Creators: name: Kruber, Friedrich
name: Morales, Eduardo Sánchez
name: Chakraborty, Samarjit
name: Botsch, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The availability of real-world data is a key element for novel developments in the fields of automotive and traffic research. Aerial imagery has the major advantage of recording multiple objects simultaneously and overcomes limitations such as occlusions. However, there are only few data sets available. This work describes a process to estimate a precise vehicle position from aerial imagery. A robust object detection is crucial for reliable results, hence the state-of-the-art deep neural network Mask-RCNN is applied for that purpose. Two training data sets are employed: The first one is optimized for detecting the test vehicle, while the second one consists of randomly selected images recorded on public roads. To reduce errors, several aspects are accounted for, such as the drone movement and the perspective projection from a photograph. The estimated position is comapared with a reference system installed in the test vehicle. It is shown, that a mean accuracy of 20 cm can be achieved with flight altitudes up to 100 m, Full-HD resolution and a frame-by-frame detection. A reliable position estimation is the basis for further data processing, such as obtaining additional vehicle state variables. The source code, training weights, labeled data and example videos are made publicly available. This supports researchers to create new traffic data sets with specific local conditions.
description: Copyright 20xx IEEE. Personal use of this material is permitted. Permission from IEEE must be obtained for all other uses, in any current or future media, including reprinting/republishing this material for advertising or promotional purposes, creating new collective works, for resale or redistribution to servers or lists, or reuse of any copyrighted component of this work in other works
Elastic constant of dielectric nano-thin films using three-layer resonance studied by picosecond ultrasonics
Creators: name: Fukuda, Hiroki
name: Nagakubo, Akira
name: Ogi, Hirotsugu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Elastic constants and sound velocities of nm-order thin films are essential for designing acoustic filters. However, it is difficult to measure them for dielectric thin films. In this study, we use a three-layer structure where a dielectric nano-thin film is sandwiched between thicker metallic films to measure the longitudinal elastic constant of the dielectric film. We propose an efficiency function to estimate the optimal thicknesses of the components. We use Pt/NiO/Pt three-layer films for confirming our proposed method. The determined elastic constant of NiO deposited at room temperature is smaller than the bulk value by $\sim$40$\%$. However, it approaches the bulk value as the deposition temperature increases. We also reveal that uncertainty of the elastic constant of the Pt film insignificantly affects the accuracy of the determined elastic constant of NiO in this structure.
Quadratic integrals of geodesic flow, webs, and integrable billiards
Creators: name: Agafonov, Sergey I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53A60, 37J05, 37D50

description: We present a geometric interpretation of integrability of geodesic flow by quadratic integrals in terms of the web theory and construct integrable billiards on surfaces admitting such integrals.
description: 10 pages
GRiSP in Motion
Creators: name: Hettel, Gene
name: Clayton, Sophie
name: Hettel, Gene
name: Clayton, Sophie
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2013
Subjects: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies

description: The year 2012 was the second year of implementation of the CGIAR Research Program for Rice, known as the Global Rice Science Partnership (GRiSP). Since its launch in December 2010, we have considerably strengthened our partnership foundation for mobilizing science to increase food security, alleviate poverty, and increase the sustainability of rice production. Both the collaboration among GRiSP’s six coordinating institutes and that between those institutes and more than 900 other partners from the public and private sector worldwide have intensified considerably. GRiSP aims to develop science-based solutions to today’s and tomorrow’s agricultural development problems. It mobilizes partners that operate on the cutting edge of science at one end of the globe and connects them with grass-roots partners at other ends. In this report, we present a snapshot of such activities that illustrates the tremendous gains that well-chosen partnerships can deliver. You’ll read about partnerships that discover new genes and deploy those genes to produce new rice varieties that increase tolerance of phosphorus deficiency, confer resistance to insect pests and virus diseases, or will lead to a completely new type of rice, called C4 rice, which could potentially increase yields by up to 50%. But, you’ll also read how GRiSP partners team up with indigenous people and local farmer groups in remote areas to preserve and improve age-old rice varieties and make sure they are retained for generations to come. GRiSP partners from Latin America, Africa, and Asia discuss the workings of each other’s rice sectors and policies and cross-fertilize each other with new ideas. New concepts for forging local partnerships are piloted in South Asia and across Africa in an attempt to fast-track the development and delivery of locally adapted technologies. And, finally, GRiSP invests in capacity building of the next generation of rice scientists and helps them prepare to become leaders in their own right when it’s their turn to take over from the current generation.
TSA-Net: Tube Self-Attention Network for Action Quality Assessment
Creators: name: Wang, Shunli
name: Yang, Dingkang
name: Zhai, Peng
name: Chen, Chixiao
name: Zhang, Lihua
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Multimedia (cs.MM)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: I.5.4; I.2.10

description: In recent years, assessing action quality from videos has attracted growing attention in computer vision community and human computer interaction. Most existing approaches usually tackle this problem by directly migrating the model from action recognition tasks, which ignores the intrinsic differences within the feature map such as foreground and background information. To address this issue, we propose a Tube Self-Attention Network (TSA-Net) for action quality assessment (AQA). Specifically, we introduce a single object tracker into AQA and propose the Tube Self-Attention Module (TSA), which can efficiently generate rich spatio-temporal contextual information by adopting sparse feature interactions. The TSA module is embedded in existing video networks to form TSA-Net. Overall, our TSA-Net is with the following merits: 1) High computational efficiency, 2) High flexibility, and 3) The state-of-the art performance. Extensive experiments are conducted on popular action quality assessment datasets including AQA-7 and MTL-AQA. Besides, a dataset named Fall Recognition in Figure Skating (FR-FS) is proposed to explore the basic action assessment in the figure skating scene.
description: 9 pages, 7 figures, conference paper
Predicting Sectoral Employment In Counties and Multi-County Areas
Creators: name: Curtis, Wayne C.
name: Curtis, Wayne C.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1975
Subjects: Labor and Human Capital

description: The primary objective of this Note is to devlop a model to predict employment by industrial sector at the county level. Such procedure is viewed as a necessary first step in obtaining detailed occupational employment forecasts, the ultimate goal in employment forecasting. Emphasis in the model is placed on the role of state, national, and international demand in determining regional employment changes.
Exploring universal characteristics of neutron star matter with relativistic \textit{ab initio} equations of state
Creators: name: Wang, Sibo
name: Wang, Chencan
name: Tong, Hui
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Starting from the relativistic realistic nucleon-nucleon ($NN$) interactions, a newly developed relativistic \textit{ab initio} method, i.e., the relativistic Brueckner-Hartree-Fock (RBHF) theory in the full Dirac space is employed to study the neutron star properties. First, the one-to-one correspondence relation for gravitational redshift and mass is established and used to infer the mass of isolated neutron stars combining the gravitational redshift measurements. Next, the ratio of the moment of inertia $I$ to $MR^2$ as a function of the compactness $M/R$ is obtained, which is consistent with the universal relations in the literature. The moment of inertia for $1.338M_\odot$ pulsar PSR J0737-3039A $I_{1.338M_\odot}$ is predicted to be 1.356$\times10^{45}$, 1.381$\times10^{45}$, and $1.407\times10^{45}\ \mathrm{g~cm^2}$ by the RBHF theory in the full Dirac space with $NN$ interactions Bonn A, B, and C, respectively. Finally, the quadrupole moment of neutron star is calculated under the slow-rotation and small-tidal-deformation approximation. The equation of states constructed by the RBHF theory in the full Dirac space, together with those by the projection method and momentum-independence approximation, conform to universal $I$-Love-$Q$ relations as well. By combing the tidal deformability from GW170817 and the universal relations from relativistic \textit{ab initio} methods, the moment of inertia of neutron star with 1.4 solar mass is also deduced as $I_{1.4M_\odot}=1.22^{+0.40}_{-0.25}\times 10^{45}\mathrm{g\ cm^2}$.
description: 21 pages, 5 figures
Gravitational couplings in ${\cal N}=2$ heterotic compactifications with Wilson lines
Creators: name: Chattopadhyaya, Aradhita
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we compute the gravitational couplings of the heterotic string compactified on $(K3\times T^2)/\mathbb{Z}_N$ and $E_8\times E_8$ and predict the Gopakumar Vafa invariants of the dual Calabi Yau manifold in presence of Wilson lines. Here $\mathbb{Z}_N$ acts as an automorphism on $K3$ associated with the conjugacy classes of $M_{23}$ and a shift of $1/N$ on one of the $S^1$ of $T^2$. We study in detail the cases $N=2,3$ for standard and several non-standard embeddings where $K3$ is realized as toroidal orbifolds $T^4/\mathbb{Z}_4$ and $T^4/\mathbb{Z}_3$. From these computations we extract the polynomial term in perturbative pre-potential for these orbifold models in presence of a single Wilson line. We also show for standard embeddings the integrality of the Gopakumar Vafa invariants depend on the integrality of Fourier coefficients of Fourier transform of the twisted elliptic genus of $K3$ in presence of $n<8$ Wilson lines.
description: 37 pages, 1 figure, some typos fixed
Potential for improving the local realization of coordinated universal time with a convolutional neural network
Creators: name: Tanabe, Takehiko
name: Ye, Jiaxing
name: Suzuyama, Tomonari
name: Kobayashi, Takumi
name: Yamaguchi, Yu
name: Yasuda, Masami
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: The time difference between coordinated universal time (UTC) and a hydrogen maser, which is a master oscillator for the local realization of UTC at the National Metrology Institute of Japan (NMIJ), has been predicted by using one of the deep learning techniques called a one-dimensional convolutional neural network (1D-CNN). Regarding the prediction result obtained by the 1D-CNN, we have observed improvement in the accuracy of prediction compared with that obtained by the Kalman filter. Although more investigations are required to conclude that the 1D-CNN can work as a good predictor, the present results suggest that the computational approach based on the deep learning technique may become a versatile method for improving the synchronous accuracy of UTC(NMIJ) relative to UTC.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures
Brillouin scattering studies in Fe$_3$O$_4$ across the Verwey transition
Creators: name: Seikh, Md. Motin
name: Narayana, Chandrabhas
name: Metcalf, P. A.
name: Honig, J. M.
name: Sood, A. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Brillouin scattering studies have been carried out on high quality single crystals of Fe$_3$O$_4$ with [100] and [110] faces in the temperature range of 300 to 30 K. The room temperature spectrum shows a surface Rayleigh wave (SRW) mode at 8 GHz and a longitudinal acoustic (LA) mode at 60 GHz. The SRW mode frequency shows a minimum at the Verwey transition temperature $T_V$ of 123 K. The softening of the SRW mode frequency from about 250 K to $T_V$ can be quantitatively understood as a result of a decrease in the shear elastic constant C$_{44}$, arising from the coupling of shear strain to charge fluctuations. On the other hand, the LA mode frequency does not show any significant change around $T_V$, but shows a large change in its intensity. The latter shows a maximum at around 120 K in the cooling run and at 165 K in the heating run, exhibiting a large hysteresis of 45 K. This significant change in intensity may be related to the presence of stress-induced ordering of Fe$^{3+}$ and Fe$^{2+}$ at the octahedral sites, as well as to stress-induced domain wall motion.
description: 14 pages, 3 figures, accepted in Physical Review B 2005
Study of Constrained Network Structures for WGANs on Numeric Data Generation
Creators: name: Wang, Wei
name: Wang, Chuang
name: Cui, Tao
name: Li, Yue
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Some recent studies have suggested using GANs for numeric data generation such as to generate data for completing the imbalanced numeric data. Considering the significant difference between the dimensions of the numeric data and images, as well as the strong correlations between features of numeric data, the conventional GANs normally face an overfitting problem, consequently leads to an ill-conditioning problem in generating numeric and structured data. This paper studies the constrained network structures between generator G and discriminator D in WGAN, designs several structures including isomorphic, mirror and self-symmetric structures. We evaluates the performances of the constrained WGANs in data augmentations, taking the non-constrained GANs and WGANs as the baselines. Experiments prove the constrained structures have been improved in 17/20 groups of experiments. In twenty experiments on four UCI Machine Learning Repository datasets, Australian Credit Approval data, German Credit data, Pima Indians Diabetes data and SPECT heart data facing five conventional classifiers. Especially, Isomorphic WGAN is the best in 15/20 experiments. Finally, we theoretically proves that the effectiveness of constrained structures by the directed graphic model (DGM) analysis.
The Economies of Size Available with Four-Wheel Drive 140 Hp and Larger Tractors in the Eastern Eashington Dryland Farming Areas
Creators: name: Rodewald, Gordon E.
name: Rodewald, Gordon E.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1975
Subjects: Farm Management

description: For several years the farm machinery industry magazine Implement and Tractor has pointed to an increase in the horsepower of tractors sold in the United States (I & T Annual Survey). As farms have become larger, farmers have apparently demanded larger tractor units to insure continued timeliness of field operations.
XMM-Newton discovery of an X-ray filament in Coma
Creators: name: Finoguenov, A.
name: Briel, U. G.
name: Henry, J. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: XMM-Newton observations of the outskirts of the Coma cluster of galaxies confirm the existence of a soft X-ray excess claimed previously and show it comes from warm thermal emission. Our data provide a robust estimate of its temperature (~0.2 keV) and oxygen abundance (~0.1 solar). Using a combination of XMM-Newton and ROSAT All-Sky Survey data, we rule out a Galactic origin of the soft X-ray emission. Associating this emission with a 20 Mpc region in front of Coma, seen in the skewness of its galaxy velocity distribution, yields an estimate of the density of the warm gas of ~50 f_baryon rho_critical, where f_baryon is the baryon fraction of the gas and rho_critical is the critical density needed to halt the expansion of the universe. Our measurement of the gas mass associated with the warm emission strongly support its nonvirialized nature, suggesting that we are observing the warm-hot intergalactic medium (WHIM). Our measurements provide a direct estimate of the O, Ne and Fe abundance of the WHIM. Differences with the reported Ne/O ratio for some OVI absorbers hints at a different origin of the OVI absorbers and the Coma filament. We argue that the Coma filament has likely been preheated, but at a substantially lower level compared to what is seen in the outskirts of groups. The thermodynamic state of the gas in the Coma filament reduces the star-formation rate in the embedded spiral galaxies, providing an explanation for the presence of passive spirals observed in this and other clusters.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures, accepted by A&A
Performance based assessments : shifting the secondary teacher's focus from content to process
Creators: name: Graves, Diane L.
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2014

description: As the fiscal restraints facing school districts continues to mount and the needs of our student population seems to increase, there is even a greater need for districts to spend their limited funds on teacher professional development that is effective. More and more there is a move away from bringing in the outside expert and instead trying to create site based collaborative learning teams. This paper examines the model of a collaborative learning community in an effort to distill what aspects of it actually helped content area teachers to incorporate increased instructional time on literary processes. This model is examined in relation to research on effective teacher professional development. The key questions addressed in this paper are aimed at identifying the big ideas behind positive changes in classroom practice with an attempt to analyze what, in terms of collaborative professional development, fosters these changes in classroom practice