Tagalis evavilmae Gil-Santana, Pinto & Zeraik, 2010, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Gil-Santana, Hélcio R.
name: Pinto, Fernando B.
name: Zeraik, Soraya O.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2010
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Reduviidae
Tagalis
Tagalis evavilmae

description: Tagalis evavilmae sp. nov.
Description. Male (Figs. 2–20). Dimensions (in mm): HOLOTYPE: Total length: to tip of abdomen: 4.8; to tip of forewings: 5.1; head length: 0.6; antennal segments: I: 2.0; II: 1.2; III: 1.0; IV: 0.65; rostral segments: I: 0.3; II: 0.25; III: 0.25. Thorax: pronotum: fore lobe length: 0.5; hind lobe: length: 0.55; width at posterior margin: 0.75. Legs: prolegs: coxa: 0.5; femur: 1.5; tibia: 1.3; tarsus: 0.3; middle legs: femur: 2.2; tibia: 2.7; tarsus: 0.2; hind legs: femur: 3.3; tibia: 4.7; tarsus: 0.25. Abdomen: length: 2.6. PARATYPES: Total length: to the tip of abdomen: 4.5–5.4; to the tip of forewings: 4.8–5.7; head length: 0.6–0.65; antennal segments: I: 1.9–2.0; II: 1.2–1.3; III: 0.95–1.0; IV: 0.7; rostral segments: I: 0.35–0.4; II: 0.3; III: 0.25. Thorax: pronotum: fore lobe length: 0.45–0.5; hind lobe: length: 0.4–0.5; width at posterior margin: 0.7. Legs: prolegs: coxa: 0.45–0.5; femur: 1.5; tibia: 1.3; tarsus: 0.3; middle legs: femur: 2.2; tibia: 2.7–2.8; tarsus: 0.2–0.25; hind legs: femur: 3.3; tibia: 4.8–4.9; tarsus: 0.25. Abdomen: length: 2.6–3.0. General color brownish with adpressed fine silvery and yellow-whitish hairs on integument (Fig. 2), with head, pleural and ventral portions of thorax, scutellum base, and sternites darkened. Head with adpressed fine short silvery hairs and longer ones on clypeal and ventral region. Eyes large (Fig. 3). Rostrum brownish with intersegmental sutures and apex of segment III brighter, with fine, long, erect yellowish hairs, more numerous on ventral and lateral faces of first two segments; spines of first two segments brownish. Antennal segment I with ciliate, erect, long, sparse whitish hairs (Figs. 4–5); other segments with fine, short, recumbent whitish to yellowish hairs. Antennal segment I pale, with basal portion and apical third brownish; segments II–IV brownish; segment IV with a preapical dilatation and apex pale. Thorax: pale on medial of dorsal portion of fore lobe and dorsal portion of hind lobe of pronotum; integument with fine yellowwhitish hairs, these short and decumbent on dorsal portion of prothorax and erect and long on mesopleura, mesosternum, scutellum base, metapleura and metasternum; disc of fore lobe of pronotum glabrous with a pair of stripes between spines of fore lobe covered by short adpressed silvery hairs. Lateral ridge from tubercles of anterolateral angles more developed on first half of fore lobe of pronotum. Integument of hind lobe of pronotum rugous. Spines of scutellum and metanotum short (Fig. 6). Coxae brownish with apical portion yellowish. Procoxa with a short spine at inner face, in addition to the one on anterior surface; protrochanter four spines on inner side (Fig. 7). Profemur (Fig. 7): brownish, with long and short, straight and curved hairs more numerous on ventral face; armature of inner face with six spines, one paratype with eight spines of two different sizes interpolated; armature of ventral face with two or three spines more developed on basal portion, besides a series of less developed ones, these decreasing in size to apex. Protibia slightly curved in lateral view, thicker at apex; with three curved and very strong spines on inner face (Fig. 8); yellowish with basal region, apical portion of external face and spinal bases brownish; covered with long and short hairs, more numerous on apical portion, where one or two apical spine stand out. Tarsi I: segment I somewhat darkened, subequal in length to others together (Fig. 9); segments II–III brighter; claws simple (Fig. 9). Middle and hind legs yellowish, with long and short yellowish and more darkened hairs; femora somewhat curved; with basal portion, and a large apical ring brownish, besides irregular numerous darkened dots, where long and thick hairs are implanted; middle tibiae straight, hind tibiae somewhat curved on apical third, with basis and subbasal ring brownish; apices darkened also; middle tarsi yellowish; segment I subequal in length to all others; segment I of hind tarsus somewhat darkened and shorter than the others together. Forewings surpassing tip of abdomen; brownish; veins yellowish; two closed cells. Abdomen: sternites brownish with numerous short yellowish hairs and longer ones on lateral margins. Male genitalia (Figs. 10–20): medial process of pygophore short; spiniform (Figs. 10–12, 14), with an acute apex. Pygophore with a conspicuous lateral apophysis with a central notch (Figs. 10–11, 13–14). Parameres all within pygophore rim (Figs.10–11, 13); symmetrical, thin, curved apically, with long hairs on internally and apically, with elongate apical teeth (Fig. 15). Within median portion of teeth, a short and triangular appendix is implanted in median portion of the apical teeth (Figs. 16–17). Phallus (Figs. 18–20) with articulatory apparatus moderately elongated; struts fused, somewhat enlarged basally; endosome with long and numerous projections; a lateral subapical pair of projections conspicuous (Figs. 19–20).
Female (Figs. 21–28). Dimensions (in mm): Total length: to tip of abdomen: 5.6; to the tip of forewings: 5.4; head length: 0.65; antennal segments: I: 2.0; II: 1.3; III: 1.0; IV: 0.7; rostrum segments: I: 0.4; II: 0.25; III: 0.25. Thorax: pronotum: fore lobe length: 0.5; hind lobe: length: 0.55; width at posterior margin: 0.9. Legs: prolegs: coxa: 0.5; femur: 1.5; tibia: 1.4; tarsus: 0.3; middle legs: femur: 2.2; tibia: 2.9; tarsus: 0.25; hind legs: femur: 3.4; tibia: 4.9; tarsus: 0.25. Abdomen: length: 3.0. Similar to male. Eyes smaller (Fig. 21); first antennal segments with much shorter hairs (Figs. 22–23). Profemur brownish, with faint bright ring approximately at junction of middle and apical third; armature of inner face with seven spines besides one shorter; armature of ventral face with five spines more developed on middle basal portion, besides a series of less developed ones, which decreasing in size to apex. Wings venation as Figs. 24–25. Forewings not surpassing tip of abdomen. Genital segments as Figs. 26–28.
Last instar nymph
Description. (Figs. 29–32).Dimensions (in mm) (one specimen) – Total length: 3.7; head length: 0.55; antennal segments: I: 1.6; II: 0.9; III/ IV: absent; rostrum segments: I: 0.3; II: 0.25; III: 0.18. Pronotum length: 0.55. Legs: prolegs: coxa: 0.5 femur: 1.25; tibia: 1.15; tarsus: 0.3; middle legs: femur: 1.8; tibia: 2.5; tarsus: 0.25; hind legs: femur: 2.7; tibia: 3.7; tarsus: 0.2. Abdomen: length: 1.4. General color brownish with adpressed fine silvery and yellowwhitish hairs on integument (Fig. 29). Head with adpressed fine short silvery hairs and longer ones on clypeal and ventral region; darkened with whitish median straight stripe; ventral area of head whitish with small spine below the eye, besides three pairs of strong setigerous spines (Fig. 30); eyes moderately large (Figs. 29–30). Antennal segments I and II black in their extremities, medially darkened, with subbasal and subapical whitish rings (Fig. 29). Rostrum brownish with intersegmental sutures, apex of segment III brighter, with fine, long, erect yellowish hairs, more numerous on ventral and lateral faces of first two segments; spines of first two segments brownish. Thorax brownish, with sparse decumbent whitish hairs; brighter on center of dorsal portion of pronotum fore lobe (Fig. 31); two whitish spots on basal and apical middle portion of mesopleura and one just above median and hind coxae; completely whitish on meso and metasternum, where longer and darkened hairs are present. Lateral ridge from tubercles of anterolateral angles are brighter and larger on its apical half, which is partially folded (Fig. 30). Hemelytral lobes well developed, covering metanotum and reaching median portion of second abdominal segment; with blackish markings (Fig. 31); scutellum with rounded apex, with blackish markings on basis and apex (Fig. 31). Procoxa darkened with whitish apical ring; short spine on inner face, besides one on anterior surface; protrochanter with five spines on inner side (Fig. 32); basal portion of trochanter pale. Femoral trochanteric joint pale; profemur (Fig. 32): more incrassate than others; brownish, with long and short, straight and curved hairs more numerous on ventral face and a tenuous brighter ring on transition between middle and apical third; armature of inner face with five spines; armature of ventral face with three spines more developed on basal portion, besides series of less developed ones, these decreasing in size apically. Femoro-tibial joint pale. Protibia slightly curved in lateral view, thicker at apex; with three curved and very strong spines on inner face, and smaller one on apical third (Fig. 32); in higher magnification, by microscopic preparation of apex of the protibia, four additional apical, short, strong spines are observed; whitish, with basal and apical regions, and spinal bases brownish; covered with long and short hairs, more numerous on apical portion. Mid and hind legs long and slender. Coxae brownish with apical whitish spots on internal face; trochanters brighter; femoro-trochanteric joints pale; femora brownish, with short, straight and curved hairs and a tenuous brighter ring on transition between middle and apical third; tibiae curved, with short, straight, and curved hairs; whitish, with basis and subbasal ring brownish; apices darkened also. Tarsi darkened; with two segments; claws simple. Abdomen darkened, covered with fine, short, brownish hairs, intersegmental sutures brighter; central area of tergum of segment VII and tergum of segment VIII more sclerotized and darkened; sternite VII with spiracular area sclerotized and darkened; sternite VIII with lateral areas of the segment more sclerotized and darkened also.
PLATE 2. Figs. 10–20. T. evavilmae, sp. nov., male genitalia, 10–12, as observed “in situ,” 10–11, lateral view, 12, ventral view, 13, pygophore and left paramere, laterodorsal view, 14, pygophore, laterodorsal view, 15–17, right paramere, 16, apical third, 17, apex, schematic, 18–20, phallus, 18, lateral view, 19, dorsal view, 20, ventral view.
Instar II
Description. Figs. (33–37).Dimensions (in mm) (one specimen) – Total length: 3.1; head length: 0.45; antennal segments: I: 1.3; II: 0.6; III/ IV: absent; rostrum segments: I: 0.25; II: 0.2; III: 0.2. Pronotum length: 0.45. Legs: prolegs: coxa: 0.3 femur: 0.95; tibia: 0.9; tarsus: 0.2; middle legs: femur: 1.4; tibia: 1.9; tarsus: 0.2; hind legs: femur: 2.1; tibia: 3.0; tarsus: 0.2. Abdomen: length: 1.5. General color brownish with adpressed fine silvery and yellow- PLATE 3. Figs. 21–28. T. evavilmae, sp. nov., female, 21, head, lateral view, 22–23, antenna, 22, lateral view, 23, median portion of first antennal segment, 24, forewing, 25, hind wing, 26–28, female genitalia as observed “in situ,” 26, lateral view, 27, dorsal view, 28, ventral view.
whitish hairs on the integument. Head with adpressed fine short silvery hairs; darkened with whitish median straight stripe; ventral area of head just below eye, as well a straight stripe above it, whitish; three pairs of strong setigerous spines in ventral region (Fig. 33); eyes of intermediate size (Fig. 33); antennal segments I and II darkened, first with subbasal and subapical and second with median large whitish rings. Rostrum brownish with intersegmental sutures and apex of segment III pale, with fine and long, erect, yellowish hairs, more numerous on ventral and lateral faces of first two segments; spines of first two segments brownish. Thorax: pronotum and pleurae brownish, with sparse decumbent whitish hairs; pale in median of dorsal portion of pronotum fore lobe; two whitish spots on basal and apical middle portion of mesopleura and one just above median and hind coxae; completely whitish on mesoand metasternum, with longer and darkened hairs. Lateral ridge from tubercles of anterolateral angles is brighter and larger on its apical half, where it is partially folded (Fig. 33). Hemelytral lobes moderately developed, covering metanotum; with its basal third, on dorsal region, brownish, with a central area whitish, medial border also brownish. Scutellum with rounded apex, whitish. Procoxa brownish with whitish apical ring with two short spines on inner face, one on anterior surface absent (or may be broken); protrochanter with four spines on inner side; basal portion of trochanter pale. Femorotrochanteric joint pale; profemur: more incrassate than others; brownish, with long and short, straight and curved hairs more numerous on ventral face and tenuous brighter ring on transition between middle and apical third; armature of inner face with five spines and another row of eight strong setae, in a lower position; armature of ventral face with two spines more developed on median portion, in addition a series of five less developed ones, basally, and two in distally. Femoro-tibial joint pale. Protibia whitish, with basal and apical regions brownish; covered with long and short hairs, more numerous on apical portion, slightly curved in lateral view, thicker at apex; with three curved and very strong spines on inner face, and a smaller one on apical third; in a clarified preparation, the major spines of the next nymph are visible under the wall (Fig. 34). In the same microscopic preparation, other five apical conspicuous spines become evident at apex of protibia, as well as claws of next instar in distal portion of tarsal segment II (Fig. 35); tarsus darkened. Mid and hind legs long and slender. Coxae brownish with apical whitish spots on internal face; trochanters brighter; femuro-trochanteric joints pale; femora brownish, with short, straight and curved hairs; tibiae curved, with short, straight and curved hairs; whitish, with a brownish basal ring; apices a little darkened also. Tarsi a little darkened; with two segments; claws simple; in clarified specimens, claws of next instar are visible under high magnification in distal portion of tarsal segment II (Figs. 36–37). Abdomen whitish, with fine, short, sparse, brownish hairs; on tergites VI and VII, a small dorsal area and tergum of segment VIII more sclerotized and brownish, as well as spiracular area of seventh segment and a small area on the terminal sternum.
PLATE 4. Figs. 29–32. T. evavilmae, sp. nov., last instar, 29, lateral view, 30, head and pronotum, lateral view, 31, head, pronotum, and hemelytral lobes, dorsal view, 32, proleg, lateral view.
PLATE 5. Figs. 33–37. T. evavilmae, sp. nov., instar II, 33, head and thorax, lateral view, 34, protibia, basal third, arrow points to a spine of next instar, located below integument, near actual spine, 35, apex of protibia and tarsus, lateral view, 36, middle tarsal segment II, lateral view, 37, hind tarsal segment II, dorsal view.
Instar I
Description. Figs. (38–40).Dimensions (in mm) (two specimens) – Total length: 1.5–1.6; head length: 0.3–0.35; antennal segments: I: 0.72–0.78; II: 0.25–0.3; III: 0.3–0.35; IV: 0.5–0.55. Pronotum length: 0.3. Legs: prolegs: femur: 0.55–0.6; tibia: 0.54; tarsus: 0.18; middle legs: femur: 0.78; tibia: 0.9–1.1; tarsus: 0.15; hind legs: femur: 1.15; tibia: 1.3–1.7; tarsus: 0.18. Abdomen: length: 0.8–0.9. General coloration light brown; integument with sparse pilosity, hairs more numerous and long on dorsal surface of head and ventral portion of first segment of rostrum (Fig. 38). Head (Fig. 39): transverse and coronal sutures well marked; three pairs of strong setigerous spines in ventral region; rostrum: segment I slender, with pair of stout spines on segments I and II. Antenna: Segment I slightly darkened subbasally; segments II and III lighter at base; segment IV with a preapical dilatation, pale near apex. Eyes small (Fig. 39). Thorax: pronotal disc somewhat pale; prolegs: coxae darkened; trochanter lighter in basal half, tibiae lighter medially. Middle and hind legs: coxae darkened, trochanters lighter; femora darkened with faint pale ring in the middle third (profemora) and apical (hind femora) portion; tibia with basal portion darkened; tarsi pale. Prosternal processes with a pair of setigerous spines, anterodorsal more developed than posteroventral one, this thin. Procoxa with short spine on inner face, in addition to one on anterior surface; mid and hind coxae ovoid; trochanters triangular, tapering; protrochanter with three spines of variable size on inner face and another one on anterior side basally; profemora on ventral surface with two short and other two longer spines medially; two irregular rows of short spines and longer spines on anterior surface as figured (Fig. 40); protibia very slightly curved in lateral view, somewhat thicker apically, with five curved and very strong spines on inner face, three of these medially and basally, and other approximately at or just distal to midpoint of tibia; apical portion with several strong setae and spines (Fig. 40). Mid and hind legs long, slender. Tarsi with two segments; claws simple. In clarified specimens, a claw or two claws of next instar visible under high magnification in distal portion of tarsal segment II of proleg and other legs, respectively. Abdomen bright, translucent, its contents dark colored.
Material examined. BRAZIL, Amazonas, Manaus, male holotype, Marchantaria (3º 14´01” S – 59º 58´10” W), Psarocolius sp. nest, III-VI-2002, rainy season, F.B.P. Gouveia & L.S. Aquino leg. [INPA]; 1 male paratype, 1 nymph II, Marchantaria (3º 14´23” S – 59º 57´36” W), Cacicus cela nest, III-VI-2002, rainy season, F.B.P. Gouveia & L.S. Aquino leg. [MNRJ]; 1 male paratype, 1 nymph, Xiborena (3º 12´22” S – 59º 56´48” W), Psarocolius sp. nest, III-VI-2002, rain season, F.B.P. Gouveia & L.S. Aquino leg., 1 nymph I, Cacicus sp. nest, idem, idem; 1 female paratype, Paracuúba (3º 13´05” S – 59º 59´17” W), Psarocolius sp. nest, III-VI-2002, rainy season, F.B.P. Gouveia & L.S. Aquino leg.;1 nymph I, Marchantaria (3º 14´19” S – 59º 57´00” W), Cacicus sp. nest, III-VI-2002, rainy season, F.B.P. Gouveia & L.S. Aquino leg. [INPA].
Etymology. The new species is named in honor of Mrs. Eva Vilma Alves da Silva, the wife of second author (FBPG), and a great admirer of his work.
PLATE 6. Figs. 38–40. T. evavilmae, sp. nov., instar I, 38, habitus, 39, head and right antenna, lateral view, 40, proleg, lateral view.
description: Published as part of Gil-Santana, Hélcio R., Pinto, Fernando B. & Zeraik, Soraya O., 2010, Tagalis evavilmae sp. nov. (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Reduviidae: Saicinae), an inhabitant of birds' nests in Amazonas, Brazil with taxonomical notes and a key to the species of Tag ali s Stål, pp. 1-14 in Zootaxa 2721 on pages 4-10, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.199911