cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Improving deep learning based semantic segmentation with multi view outliner correction
Creators: name: Peters, Torben
name: Brenner, Claus
name: Song, M.
Publisher: name: Katlenburg-Lindau : Copernicus Publications
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: deep learning
subject: MMS
subject: multi-view
subject: point cloud
subject: transfer learning
subject: Konferenzschrift
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::550 | Geowissenschaften

description: The goal of this paper is to use transfer learning for semi supervised semantic segmentation in 2D images: given a pretrained deep convolutional network (DCNN), our aim is to adapt it to a new camera-sensor system by enforcing predictions to be consistent for the same object in space. This is enabled by projecting 3D object points into multi-view 2D images. Since every 3D object point is usually mapped to a number of 2D images, each of which undergoes a pixelwise classification using the pretrained DCNN, we obtain a number of predictions (labels) for the same object point. This makes it possible to detect and correct outlier predictions. Ultimately, we retrain the DCNN on the corrected dataset in order to adapt the network to the new input data. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach on a mobile mapping dataset containing over 10'000 images and more than 1 billion 3D points. Moreover, we manually annotated a subset of the mobile mapping images and show that we were able to rise the mean intersection over union (mIoU) by approximately 10% with Deeplabv3+, using our approach. © 2020 International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences - ISPRS Archives.
The relation of the parameters of the critical point of liquid-gas transition with the Boyle temperature
Creators: name: Umirzakov, I. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is shown that the ratio of the Boyle temperature to the product of critical temperature and critical compressibility factor is equal to the number 9 with high accuracy for 21 real substances as predicted from Van-der-Waals equation of state. The relation is suggested to find the critical volume via the ratio of the Boyle temperature to the critical pressure. The formula is suggested also to define the critical volume via the critical temperature and the parameters of the linear line of unite compressibility.
description: 7 pages, in Russian
Integrity - A topic for photogrammetry?
Creators: name: Schön, Steffen
Publisher: name: Katlenburg-Lindau : Copernicus Publications
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: GNSS
subject: images
subject: integrity
subject: LIDAR
subject: multi-sensor systems
subject: Konferenzschrift
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::550 | Geowissenschaften

description: Photogrammetric methods and sensors like LIDAR, RADAR and cameras are becoming more and more important for new applications like highly automatic driving, since they enable capturing relative information of the ego vehicle w.r.t its environment. Integrity measure the trust that we can put in the navigation information of a system. The concept of integrity was first developed for civil aviation and is linked to reliability concepts well known in geodesy and photogrammetry. Currently, the navigation community is discussing how to guarantee integrity for car navigation and multi-sensor systems. In this paper, we will give a short review on integrity concepts and on the current discussion of how to apply it to car navigation. We will discuss which role photogrammetry could play to solve the open issues in the integrity definition and monitoring for multi-sensor systems. © 2020 International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences - ISPRS Archives.
Comment on "Investigation of Hadron Multiplicity and Hadron Yield Ratios in Heavy-Ion Collisions"
Creators: name: Tawfik, A.
name: Magdy, H.
name: Gamal, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Oliinychenko, Bugaev and Sorin [arXiv:1204.0103 [hep-ph]] considered the role of conservation laws in discussing possible weaknesses of thermal models which are utilized in describing the hadron multiplicities measured in central nucleus-nucleus collisions. They argued to analyse the criteria for chemical freeze-out and to conclude that none of them were robust. Based on this, they suggested a new chemical freeze-out criterion. They assigned to the entropy per hadron the ad hoc value 7.18 and supposed to remain unchanged over the whole range of the baryo-chemical potentials. Due to unawareness of recent literature, the constant entropy per hadron has been discussed in Ref. [Fizika B18 (2009) 141-150, Europhys.Lett. 75 (2006) 420]. Furthermore, it has been shown that the constant entropy per hadron is equivalent to constant entropy normalized to cubic temperature, an earlier criterion for the chemical freeze-out introduced in Ref. [Europhys.Lett. 75 (2006) 420, Nucl.Phys.A764 (2006) 387-392]. In this comment, we list out the ignored literature, compare between the entropy-number density ratio and two criteria of averaged energy per averaged particle number and constant entropy per cubic temperature. All these criteria are confronted to the experimental results. The physics of constant entropy per number density is elaborated. It is concluded that this ratio can't remain constant, especially at large chemical potential related to AGS and SIS energies.
description: 8 pages and 3 figures of 3 eps graphs
Accurate matching and reconstruction of line features from ultra high resolution stereo aerial images
Creators: name: Ok, A.O.
name: Wegner, Jan Dirk
name: Heipke, Christian
name: Rottensteiner, Franz
name: Sörgel, Uwe
name: Toprak, V.
Publisher: name: Katlenburg-Lindau : Copernicus Publications
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Line Matching
subject: Line Reconstruction
subject: Height Estimation
subject: Projective Geometry
subject: Stereo Aerial Images
subject: Konferenzschrift
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::550 | Geowissenschaften

description: In this study, a new reconstruction approach is proposed for the line segments that are nearly-aligned(<= 10 degrees) with the epipolar line. The method manipulates the redundancy inherent in line pair-relations to generate artificial 3D point entities and utilize those entities during the estimation process to improve the height values of the reconstructed line segments. The best point entities for the reconstruction are selected based on a newly proposed weight function. To test the performance of the proposed approach, we selected three test patches over a built up area of the city of Vaihingen-Germany. Based on the results, the proposed approach produced highly promising reconstruction results for the line segments that are nearly-aligned with the epipolar line.
Modeling crosstalk in silicon photomultipliers
Creators: name: Gallego, L.
name: Rosado, J.
name: Blanco, F.
name: Arqueros, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Optical crosstalk seriously limits the photon-counting resolution of silicon photomultipliers. In this work, realistic analytical models to describe the crosstalk effects on the response of these photodetectors are presented and compared with experimental data. The proposed models are based on the hypothesis that each pixel of the array has a finite number of available neighboring pixels to excite via crosstalk. Dead-time effects and geometrical aspects of the propagation of crosstalk between neighbors are taken into account in the models for different neighborhood configurations. Simple expressions to account for crosstalk effects on the pulse-height spectrum as well as to evaluate the excess noise factor due to crosstalk are also given. Dedicated measurements were carried out under both dark-count conditions and pulsed illumination. Moreover, the influence of afterpulsing on the measured pulse-height spectrum was studied, and a measurement of the recovery time of pixels was reported. High-resolution pulse-height spectra were obtained by means of a detailed waveform analysis, and the results have been used to validate our crosstalk models.
description: 21 pages, 13 figures
title: Development of methodologies for the mass spectrometric analysis of fully formulated oils
Creators: name: Basham, Vincent
Publisher: name: University of Reading
Year: 2028

description: Fully formulated oils (FFOs) are petrochemical products employed as automotive lubricants and typically have complex compositions. Base oil, consisting of a hydrocarbon mixture derived from mineral or synthetic origin, typically makes up the majority of a formulation and serves to provide the principal lubricity of the finished product. To tailor the formulation to specific applications, increase functionality, and extend the in-use lifetime of the product, a range of additives may also be included in the formulation. These additives are speciality chemicals that serve specific roles within the formulation and often are divided into groups accordingly. Examples of such additive classes include antioxidants, detergents, antifoams, dispersants, zinc dialkyldithiophosphates (ZDDPs) and viscosity modifiers, amongst others. Ultimately, these additives can tailor both the physical and chemical properties of the final product. This combination of base oil and additives contributes to the overall high chemical complexity of the formulation. Mass spectrometry (MS) is particularly well-suited to the analysis of chemically complex samples, especially with modern high-resolution instruments that are capable of confidently identifying upwards of tens of thousands of unique chemical species in a single analysis. Additionally, mass spectrometry can be tailored to specific applications by using different ion sources, which can have the effect of changing the selectivity for different chemical compounds. Moreover, many MS setups permit coupling to a chromatographic technique in an on-line fashion, subsequently allowing separation of sample constituents prior to MS analysis. In light of this, the development of mass spectrometry-based techniques for analysing FFOs is of interest and could provide an attractive route to relatively rapid and automated analyses of a wide range of product components. In this work the development of two mass spectrometry-based methodologies applied to the analysis of FFOs is reported: a recently commercialised Soft Ionisation by Chemical Reaction in Transfer (SICRIT) ion source; and a more established high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) technique. Both techniques were coupled to a Thermo Fisher Scientific LTQ Orbitrap XL mass spectrometer. In the case of HPLC, well-documented electrospray ionisation (ESI) was used to generate ions for MS.
Optical control of scattering, absorption and lineshape in nanoparticles
Creators: name: Hourahine, Benjamin
name: Papoff, Francesco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We find exact conditions for the enhancement or suppression of internal and/or scattered fields and the determination of their spatial distribution or angular momentum through the combination of simple fields. The incident fields can be generated by a single monochromatic or broad band light source, or by several sources, which may also be impurities embedded in the nanoparticle. We can design the lineshape of a particle introducing very narrow features in its spectral response.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures
Messung der Störaussendung von Kraftfahrzeugen unterhalb von 30 MHz
Creators: name: Schwing, Christoph
name: Hirsch, Holger
Publisher: name: Aachen : Apprimus
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Störsignal
subject: Kraftfahrzeug
subject: Messung
subject: Konferenzschrift
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::620 | Ingenieurwissenschaften und Maschinenbau::621 | Angewandte Physik::621,3 | Elektrotechnik, Elektronik

description: Die Messung der gestrahlten Störaussendung von Kraftfahrzeugen mit dem Ziel der Fernentstörung von Funkdiensten in Wohngebieten ist in CISPR 12 [1] beschrieben. Darin wird eine Messung des Frequenzbereichs zwischen 30 MHz und 1000 MHz dargestellt. Mit zunehmender Verbreitung von Fahrzeugen mit Elektround Hybridantrieben, sowie deren Ladevorgang kommt die Forderung auf, Methoden für den Frequenzbereich unterhalb von 30 MHz zu definieren. Denn speziell im Frequenzbereich von einigen Kilohertz bis zu wenigen 10 MHz sind die Aussendungen von schnell schaltenden Halbleiterventilen der Leistungsumrichter hoch und haben das Potential auch von einem Fahrzeug in nennenswertem Ausmaß abgestrahlt werden zu können. Die Notwendigkeit zur Ergänzung der Bewertung von abgestrahlter Störaussendung bei Elektround Hybridfahrzeugen ist auf CISPR-Ebene erkannt worden und ein Auftrag zur Erstellung eines Entwurfs für die neue Norm CISPR 36 [2] ist an CISPR/D erteilt worden. In CISPR/A wurde im Vorfeld und wird parallel zu der Arbeit in CISPR/D ebenfalls an Verfahren und Messmethoden zur Bewertung der gestrahlten Störaussendung für die CISPR 16-2-3 [3] und CISPR 16-1-4 [4] gearbeitet. Der Entwurf der CISPR 36 beinhaltet den im Freien gelegenen Messplatz als Referenzmessplatz und eine Messung in einer Absorberhalle ist alternativ, so wie es auch in CISPR 12 definiert ist. Auch für den Frequenzbereich unterhalb von 30 MHz muss die Vergleichbarkeit von Messungen auf einem im Freien gelegenen Messplatz und einer Messung in einer Absorberhalle gezeigt werden. Dazu muss auch ein Validierungsverfahren für den Frequenzbereich unter 30 MHz bereitgestellt werden. Im Folgenden wird das Messverfahren nach CISPR 36 vorgestellt und es wird ein mögliches Validierungsverfahren anhand von Simulation und Messergebnissen vorgestellt.
title: Buckling and first-ply failure of mechanically coupled composite structures
Creators: name: Lee, Ho Sum Jason
Publisher: name: University of Glasgow
Year: 2023

description: Double angle-ply or ‘Double-Double’ (DD) laminates offer new design possibilities in laminated composite materials design, permitting non-standard ply orientations with new layup configurations. DD laminates can be viewed as an alternative to so-called ‘Variable Angle Tow’ (VAT) laminates. The latter allow each ply within the laminate to possess constantly changing fibre directions and ply thicknesses. In contrast, double angle-ply technology uses straight fibres (with non-standard ply orientations and may confer similar benefits to VAT laminates, but without the added design complexity associated with a continuously changing fibre orientation and ply thicknesses, or indeed without the added manufacturing complexity and equipment costs involved in producing VAT laminates. This research focuses on the use of a lamination parameter design space as a way of designing laminated composite materials with both conventional and DD configurations. Design spaces of compression and shear buckling of finite length Bend-Twist (B-T) coupled laminates manufactured from traditional ply orientations (containing 0°, 90° and ±45° ply orientations), with simply supported edges, are investigated. Both local and global optima of compression and shear buckling are shown in the lamination parameter design space, with practical design rules applied. Shear buckling contour maps demonstrate significant improvements in shear buckling performance with the presence of B-T coupling. Buckling and First-Ply Failure (FPF) performances of DD laminates are discussed and compared to standard laminate configurations through stiffness matching. Polar plots have demonstrated that DD designs with coupled properties offer comparable FPF strength to standard laminates when off-axis orientation is applied to maximise anisotropy or Extensional-Shear (ES) coupling. It is demonstrated that DD laminates with B-T coupling can provide significant improvement in FPF strength over traditional laminates without reducing the buckling load.
BoltzWann: A code for the evaluation of thermoelectric and electronic transport properties with a maximally-localized Wannier functions basis
Creators: name: Pizzi, Giovanni
name: Volja, Dmitri
name: Kozinsky, Boris
name: Fornari, Marco
name: Marzari, Nicola
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a new code to evaluate thermoelectric and electronic transport properties of extended systems with a maximally-localized Wannier function basis set. The semiclassical Boltzmann transport equations for the homogeneous infinite system are solved in the constant relaxation-time approximation and band energies and band derivatives are obtained via Wannier interpolations. Thanks to the exponential localization of the Wannier functions obtained, very high accuracy in the Brillouin zone integrals can be achieved with very moderate computational costs. Moreover, the analytical expression for the band derivatives in the Wannier basis resolves any issues that may occur when evaluating derivatives near band crossings. The code is tested on binary and ternary skutterudites CoSb_3 and CoGe_{3/2}S_{3/2}.
description: 19 pages, 7 figures
The effect of gel-type contributions in lime-sand bricks, alkali-activated slags and CEMI/CEMIII pastes: Implications for next generation concretes
Creators: name: Rüscher, Claus Henning
name: Lohaus, Ludger
name: Jirasit, Fongjan
name: Tchakouté, Hervé Kouamo
Publisher: name: Basel : MDPI
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Alkali-activated materials
subject: Concretes
subject: Geopolymer-gel
subject: Lime-sand-brick
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::530 | Physik
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::540 | Chemie

description: Lime-sand bricks of different ages were investigated using IR-spectroscopy, thermogravimetry, and X-ray diffraction/scattering. After subtraction of the dominant quartz contribution (80%), the IR spectra show the absorption peaks of the hydrothermally formed binder phases. The spectra also show the alteration of the binder during ageing under atmospheric conditions by the influence of CO2 forming carbonate and a condensed SiO2-gel (secondary gel). The alteration could also be proven in X-ray pattern, obtaining a separation between crystalline CSH and amorphous contributions in the freshly produced lime-sand brick, too. Here, the formation of CSHamorph could be understood as a precursor state (primary gel) to the crystallization of CSH phases. X-ray patterns of aged bodies of alkali-silicate solution activated slags (AAS), CEM-I/CEM-III pastes, and CEM-I concrete indicate that in all cases a similar amorphous CSH-type phase (CSHamorph) was formed, which is responsible for the hardening properties as the glue. The main X-ray peak of CSHamorph obtained using CuKα-radiation with a usual diffractometer is observed between 24◦ and 35◦ 2 Theta with maximum at about 29◦ 2 Theta, whereas it appears much more broadly distributed between 15◦ and 35◦ 2 Theta with maximum between 26◦ and 28◦ 2 Theta for a geopolymer body prepared using the reaction of alkali-silicate solution and metakaolin (AAMK). This is due to the network formed by siloxo and sialate units in the case of AAMK, given that any crystallization can be ruled out. The origin of increasing mechanical strength during the ageing of AAS mortars must be due to further crosslinking of the preformed siloxo chains. Thermal treatment up to 800◦C leads to a complete loss of any mechanical strength of the CEM pastes due to the destruction of crystalline CSH-phases, whereas geopolymer bodies maintain their strength. Implications for next generation concrete include that cement clinker could be completely replaced by using a using alkali silcate solution technology for gel formation. © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
Virial mass in warped DGP-inspired L(R) gravity
Creators: name: Heydari-Fard, Malihe
name: Heydari-Fard, Mohaddese
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A version of the virial theorem is derived in a brane-world scenario in the framework of a warped DGP model where the action on the brane is an arbitrary function of the Ricci scalar, L(R). The extra terms in the modified Einstein equations generate an equivalent mass term (geometrical mass), which give an effective contribution to the gravitational energy and offer viable explanation to account for the virial mass discrepancy in clusters of galaxies. We also obtain the radial velocity dispersion of galaxy clusters and show that it is compatible with the radial velocity dispersion profile of such clusters. Finally, we compare the result of the model with L(R) gravity theories.
description: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:0707.1128, arXiv:0908.2693, arXiv:0908.2690, arXiv:1201.0371, arXiv:0710.0966 by other authors
RAQAMLI TEXNOLOGIYALAR DAVRIDA INTELLEKTUAL MULK HUQUQLARINI HIMOYA QILISH MASALALARI
Creators: name: Turg'unboeva, Ma'mura
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Raqamli texnologiyalarning jadal rivojlanishi intellektual mulk (IP) huquqlarini himoya qilish manzarasini sezilarli darajada o‘zgartirdi. Ushbu maqola raqamli davrda IP huquqlari bilan bog‘liq qiyinchiliklar va muammolarni ko‘rib chiqadi, bunda Internet tomonidan kiritilgan murakkabliklar, dasturiy ta’minot qaroqchiligi va raqamli kontentni ko‘paytirish va tarqatish qulayligiga e’tibor qaratiladi. U intellektual mulkni himoya qilish uchun amaldagi qonunchilik asoslarini o‘rganadi va raqamli huquqbuzarlikning rivojlanib borayotgan tabiatini hal qilish uchun innovatsion echimlar zarurligini ta’kidlaydi. Tadqiqot raqamli jamiyatda innovatsiyalar va ma’lumotlarga kirishni rag‘batlantirish bilan IP himoyasini muvozanatlash muhimligini ta’kidlaydi.
A mathematical model of ion homeostasis in the malaria parasite, Plasmodium falciparum
Creators: name: Diemer, Jorin
Publisher: name: The Australian National University
Year: 2022
Subjects: Malaria, P. falciparum
ion regulation
ion homeostasis
mathematical modelling
mathematical modeling

description: Malaria is currently responsible for more than 200 million estimated cases and half a million deaths annually, with the majority of cases and deaths attributable to Plasmodium falciparum, one of six strains of malaria parasite able to infect humans. The P. falciparum parasite has developed varying degrees of resistance against most, if not all, of the antimalarial drugs currently available and there is an ongoing need to develop new antimalarial agents. Two compounds, which are currently in clinical trials against malaria target an ’ion pump’ on the surface membrane of the malaria parasite. Ion regulation in the P. falciparum parasite has been the subject of extensive studies over recent decades. This research has led to a general understanding of how the parasite regulates its internal ionic composition. However, there has not yet been any attempt to integrate these findings into a quantitative model. In the work presented in this thesis, I have developed a mathematical model for ion homeostasis in the asexual intra-erythrocytic blood-stage of the P. falciparum parasite. The model provides new insights into formerly unexplained in vitro observations and predicts interactions of ion transport inhibitors. The newly formulated model of ion regulation in the parasite was integrated with a pre-existing mathematical model for ion regulation in the host erythrocyte to generate a preliminary ’combined model’ of the parasite-infected erythrocyte as a whole. Outputs from this combined model were compared to the results from a limited number of experiments conducted in the course of this thesis. These experiments entailed measuring the change of infected erythrocytes following different osmotic perturbations. The mathematical modelling conducted in the course of this work adds to the understanding of the interdependencies involved in malaria parasite ion regulation and provides a framework to help understand the effects of ’ion-transport-inhibiting’ antimalarial agents.
Methoden zur Bewertung der Exposition durch gepulste Magnetfelder im Niederfrequenzbereich
Creators: name: Rückerl, Christian
Publisher: name: Aachen : Apprimus
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Exposition
subject: Magnetfeld
subject: Niederfrequenz
subject: Konferenzschrift
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::620 | Ingenieurwissenschaften und Maschinenbau::621 | Angewandte Physik::621,3 | Elektrotechnik, Elektronik

description: Zum Schutz der Bevölkerung und insbesondere von Arbeitnehmern existieren national und international Grenzwerte und Richtlinien hinsichtlich der Exposition durch niederfrequente Felder. Während über die Bewertung der Exposition durch Felder mit sinusförmigem Zeitverlauf weitgehend Einigkeit besteht, gibt es bei der Bewertung von breitbandigen und gepulsten Feldern verschiedene Ansätze. Einerseits werden Summenformeln angewendet, mit denen ein Bezug der Exposition auf den zulässigen Wert für jede einzelne Frequenzkomponente hergestellt wird. Dieses Vorgehen bietet sich an, wenn die Darstellung der zulässigen Werte (Auslöseschwellen) über der Frequenz als Amplitudenfrequenzgang interpretiert wird. Dementsprechend wird in den Richtlinien der ICNIRP [1] und in der Richtlinie 2013/35/EU [2] die Methode der gewichteten Spitzenwerte vorgeschlagen. Im Gegensatz dazu wird bei der Bewertung im Zeitbereich die Änderung der magnetischen Flussdichte aus dem Zeitverlauf bestimmt und mit einer zulässigen zeitlichen Änderung verglichen. In der BGV B11 [3] und im Forschungsbericht [4] wurden Bewertungsverfahren beschrieben, welche auf diesem Ansatz beruhen. In der Richtlinie [2] wurden keine genaueren Angaben zur Umsetzung der Methode der gewichteten Spitzenwerte gemacht. Zudem wird explizit darauf hingewiesen, dass auch andere wissenschaftlich nachgewiesene und validierte Expositionsberechnungsverfahren herangezogen werden können, vorausgesetzt diese führen zu annähernd gleichwertigen und vergleichbaren Ergebnissen. Mit dem vorliegenden Beitrag sollen deshalb die o.g. Verfahren anhand eines Beispiels miteinander verglichen werden.
title: Health assessment of individual measurements of fipronil levels detected in foods of animal origin in Belgium
Creators: name: Bundesinstitut Für Risikobewertung
Publisher: name: Bundesbehörden und Einrichtungen im Geschäftsbereich des Bundesministeriums für Ernährung und Landwirtschaft (BMEL)
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: 000

description: BfR-Stellungnahmen, vol. 2017, no. 016, p. 5
Methodologie und Prüfverfahren zur EMV Qualifizierung von Leistungsmodulen
Creators: name: Kochetov, Sergey
name: Smazinka, Thomas
Publisher: name: Aachen : Apprimus
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Leistungsmodul
subject: EMV
subject: Störsignal
subject: Konferenzschrift
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::620 | Ingenieurwissenschaften und Maschinenbau::621 | Angewandte Physik::621,3 | Elektrotechnik, Elektronik

description: Für Hersteller von leistungselektronischen Systemen sind Qualifizierungsergebnisse hinsichtlich der elektromagnetischen Verträglichkeit (EMV) eines einzelnen Leistungsmoduls oft kein primäres Entscheidungskriterium für die Auswahl bzw. den Vergleich unterschiedlicher Lösungsangebote. Dennoch beeinflussen Leistungsmodule als primäre Störquelle auch insbesondere durch ihre integrierten Leistungshalbleiter die Störemission in einem erheblichen Maße. So können sich zum Beispiel je nach gewähltem Leistungsmodul deutliche Unterschiede im Emissionsspektrum ergeben. Die sich daraus ergebende Diskrepanz aufgrund der technischen Notwendigkeit und einer nicht vorhanden qualitativen Absicherung auf der Leistungsmodulebene ist letztlich der Unvergleichbarkeit zwischen den einzelnen Messergebnissen unterschiedlicher Modulhersteller geschuldet. Häufig werden innerhalb von Entwicklungsabteilungen EMV Messungen in Form eines Delta-Vergleiches unterschiedlicher Leistungsmodule verschiedener Generationen durchgeführt, welche aber keine echte Vergleichbarkeit liefern können. „State-of-the-Art“ EMV-Prüfungen werden aktuell auf Leistungsmodulebene häufig in einer vereinfachten, generischen Systemumgebung durchgeführt. D.h., das Leistungsmodul wird aktiv betrieben, dabei sind sowohl die Leistungselektronikkomponenten (Leitungsmodul, Zwischenkreis, interne Verbindungstechnik und Gehäuse) als auch die Systemumgebung (Bordnetznachbildung, E-Maschine, HV Leitungen und Gehäuse) vereinfacht und zum Teil nicht aussagefähig im Vergleich zu einem realen Fahrzeug aufgebaut. Aufgrund dieser Problematik ist es sinnvoll, zusätzliche Untersuchungen mit einem umgebungsunabhängigen Prüfverfahren durchzuführen, welches Aussagen über das reine Bauteil (Leistungsmodul) liefern kann. Innerhalb dieses Beitrags wird ein für die Leistungselektronik neuartiges passives Prüfverfahren vorgestellt, welches eine umgebungsunabhängige Charakterisierung von unterschiedlichen Leistungsmodulen erlaubt. Dieses Papier zeigt anschaulich das Potential, welches sich in einer rein passiven Leistungsmodulbewertung befindet. Innerhalb des BMBF geförderten Projektes „InSeL“ treibt das Fraunhofer IISB zusammen mit der BMW AG die Forschung im Bereich der passiven Leistungsmodulmessung voran und entwickelt dazu die nötigen Grundlagen für diese spezielle Messanwendung innerhalb der Leistungselektronik. In dem Beitrag wird das allgemeingültige Verfahren exemplarisch am Beispiel eines Fahrzeugumrichter-Modules erklärt.
PALM-USM v1.0: A new urban surface model integrated into the PALM large-eddy simulation model
Creators: name: Resler, Jaroslav
name: Krč, Pavel
name: Belda, Michal
name: Juruš, Pavel
name: Benešová, Nina
name: Lopata, Jan
name: Vlček, Ondrej
name: Damašková, Dasa
name: Eben, Krystof
name: Derbek, Premysl
name: Maronga, Björn
name: Kanani-Sühring, Farah
Publisher: name: Göttingen : Copernicus GmbH
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: PALM-USM v1.0
subject: weather
subject: urban surface model (USM)
subject: Urban climate
subject: PALM
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::550 | Geowissenschaften

description: Urban areas are an important part of the climate system and many aspects of urban climate have direct effects on human health and living conditions. This implies that reliable tools for local urban climate studies supporting sustainable urban planning are needed. However, a realistic implementation of urban canopy processes still poses a serious challenge for weather and climate modelling for the current generation of numerical models. To address this demand, a new urban surface model (USM), describing the surface energy processes for urban environments, was developed and integrated as a module into the PALM large-eddy simulation model. The development of the presented first version of the USM originated from modelling the urban heat island during summer heat wave episodes and thus implements primarily processes important in such conditions. The USM contains a multi-reflection radiation model for shortwave and longwave radiation with an integrated model of absorption of radiation by resolved plant canopy (i.e. trees, shrubs). Furthermore, it consists of an energy balance solver for horizontal and vertical impervious surfaces, and thermal diffusion in ground, wall, and roof materials, and it includes a simple model for the consideration of anthropogenic heat sources. The USM was parallelized using the standard Message Passing Interface and performance testing demonstrates that the computational costs of the USM are reasonable on typical clusters for the tested configurations. The module was fully integrated into PALM and is available via its online repository under the GNU General Public License (GPL). The USM was tested on a summer heat-wave episode for a selected Prague crossroads. The general representation of the urban boundary layer and patterns of surface temperatures of various surface types (walls, pavement) are in good agreement with in situ observations made in Prague. Additional simulations were performed in order to assess the sensitivity of the results to uncertainties in the material parameters, the domain size, and the general effect of the USM itself. The first version of the USM is limited to the processes most relevant to the study of summer heat waves and serves as a basis for ongoing development which will address additional processes of the urban environment and lead to improvements to extend the utilization of the USM to other environments and conditions.
Ion transport through a graphene nanopore
Creators: name: Hu, Guohui
name: Mao, Mao
name: Ghosal, Sandip
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Subcellular Processes (q-bio.SC)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Molecular dynamics simulation is utilized to investigate the ionic transport of NaCl in solution through a graphene nanopore under an applied electric field. Results show the formation of concentration polarization layers in the vicinity of the graphene sheet. The non-uniformity of the ion distribution gives rise to an electric pressure which drives vortical motions in the fluid if the electric field is sufficiently strong to overcome the influence of viscosity and thermal fluctuations. The relative importance of hydrodynamic transport and thermal fluctuations in determining the pore conductivity is investigated. A second important effect that is observed is the mass transport of water through the nanopore, with an average velocity proportional to the applied voltage and independent of the pore diameter. The flux arises as a consequence of the asymmetry in the ion distribution with respect to reflection about the plane of the graphene sheet. The accumulation of liquid molecules in the vicinity of the nanopore due to reorientation of the water dipoles by the local electric field is seen to result in a local increasein the liquid density. Results confirm that the electric conductance is proportional to the nanopore diameter for the parameter regimes that we simulated. The occurrence of fluid vortices is found to result in an increase in the effective electrical conductance.
description: 10 pages, 7 figures
DESIGNING AN ACCESSIBLE AGRICULTURAL GARDEN: CONNECTING SOLIDARITY & AGROECOLOGY
Creators: name: Boyle, Patrick Robert
Publisher: name: Digital Repository at the University of Maryland
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Landscape architecture
subject: Agriculture
subject: Natural resource management
subject: Agroecology
subject: Landscape Planning
subject: Overlay Method
subject: Po Valley
subject: Regenerative Agriculture
subject: Solidarity

description: This thesis explores the potential of agroecology as a transformative framework for guiding the transition of Bergamo's agricultural landscape toward sustainability, resilience, and community well-being. Grounded in the evolution of agroecology from farm-scale design to regional planning, the research investigates how this approach can integrate ecological methodologies and participatory action research in design to implement sustainable farming practices, rehabilitate landscapes, and cultivate solidarity-driven producer-consumer relationships. By emphasizing the interconnectedness of ecology, economy, and society, the study addresses whether agroecology can shape a district into a resilient landscape that enhances people's lives and promotes health and well-being.Through an interdisciplinary lens, the thesis also delves into the broader concept of landscape, highlighting its role in social well-being and advocating for the protection and responsible management of landscapes as a fundamental human right. It explores the principles of landscape democracy and solidarity, aiming to empower communities to reconnect with their environments and promote ecological restoration through collective action and ethical practices. Ultimately, the research strives to contribute to the discourse on agroecology and landscape planning, offering proposals and strategies for actionable change in regenerative and organic agricultural systems that prioritize the needs and values of local communities.
Sutureless Anastomosis: Electroadhering a Hydrogel Sleeve Over Cut Pieces of Tubular Tissue
Creators: name: Grasso, Samantha Marie
Publisher: name: Digital Repository at the University of Maryland
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Chemical engineering
subject: FOS: Chemical engineering
subject: Bioengineering
subject: Biomedical engineering
subject: Anastomosis
subject: Electroadhesion
subject: Sutureless

description: Recently, our lab demonstrated that cationic gels could be adhered to animal tissues by applying an electric field (10 V DC, for ~ 20 s). This phenomenon, termed electroadhesion (EA), could potentially be used to repair injured tissues without sutures. An extreme injury is when a tube in the body (e.g., a blood vessel or an intestine) is cut into two segments. The surgical process of joining the segments is termed anastomosis, and thus far has only been done clinically with sutures. Here, we explore the use of EA for performing sutureless anastomoses in vitro with bovine aorta and chicken intestine. For this purpose, we make a strong and stretchable cationic gel in the form of a sleeve (i.e., a hollow tube). By using a custom plastic mold, we control both the sleeve diameter and wall thickness. A sleeve with a diameter matching that of the tubular tissue is slipped over the cut segments of the tube, followed by application of the DC electric field. Thereby, the sleeve becomes strongly adhered by EA to the underlying tube. Water or blood is then flowed through the repaired tube, and we record the burst pressure Pburst of the tube. We find that Pburst is > 80 mm Hg and close to the Pburst of an intact (uncut) tube. In comparison to the sleeve, a long strip of the gel attached around the cut tubular pieces allows a much lower Pburst. Thus, our study shows that gel-sleeves adhered by EA could enable anastomoses to be performed in the clinic without the need for sutures.
DESIGN AND PERFORMANCE EXPLORATION OF A SCALED-UP MILLIGRAM-SCALE FLAME CALORIMETER
Creators: name: Cromwell Reed, Kyra
Publisher: name: Digital Repository at the University of Maryland
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Polymer chemistry
subject: Calorimetry
subject: Flammability
subject: Heat of combustion
subject: Heat release rate
subject: Pyrolysis

description: Fire causes thousands of lost lives and injuries, as well as billions of dollars of property damage, each year. It is critical to understand the fire hazard associated with materials used in the built environment. One method to evaluate the flammability properties of a material is through bench- scale and milligram-scale testing with apparatus such as the Milligram-Scale Flame Calorimeter (MFC). The MFC has previously been used to test samples ranging from 30 mg – 50 mg in mass. The small samples were useful for testing materials under development or materials cost prohibitive to test at larger sizes, but presented some difficulties in testing, including in sample preparation and as inconsistency in the results of testing on inhomogeneous materials. Furthermore, the small size of the MFC caused difficulty in heater manufacturing, requiring laborious by-hand construction. The size of the MFC crucible and apparatus was increased in this work to allow testing on larger sample masses, ranging in size from 90 mg – 150 mg, and for the exploration of five alternate heater manufacturing techniques. The MFC was rebuilt with a larger heater and optimized to create the best possible test conditions for this work. Tests were conducted on five polymers: polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), polyethylene (PE), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), and polyether ether ketone (PEEK), and on a wood-based material: oriented strand board (OSB). The tests showed general consistency when materials were tested at different sample masses and sample presentations. The results for the heat release rate and heat of combustion of the materials also aligned well with testing conducted using the previous version of the MFC apparatus. The updates to the MFC conducted in this work constitute an improvement to the versatility of the apparatus, allowing for testing on larger sample masses, but future work is needed to resolve flow and exhaust issues that caused some inconsistency in the test results and to further explore and develop alternate heater manufacturing techniques.
title: EU membership and economic growth: empirical evidence for the CEE countries
Creators: name: Rapacki, Ryszard
name: Prochniak, Mariusz
Publisher: name: Università Carlo Cattaneo - LIUC
Year: 2019

description: This article aims to answer the question of whether a membership in the European Union contributed to an accelerated economic growth of eleven Central and Eastern European (CEE or EU11) countries, including their real convergence to the economic development level of Western Europe (EU15). The analysis consists of two steps. First, the hypothesis of income level equalization between the CEE countries and the EU15 is verified based on the ? and ? convergence concepts. Second, the impact of selected macroeconomic variables related to the EU enlargement on economic growth of the CEE countries is examined with the use of econometric modelling. The analysis covers the 1995-2015 period. The results indicate that the CEE countries displayed a clear-cut income-level convergence toward the EU15 and that variables associated with the EU membership (increasing scope of economic freedom, improving quality of governance, progress of market reforms and more broadly – improvement in the institutional environment of the market, as well as the inflow of EU funds and the rising volume of international trade and foreign direct investment) turned out to be important drivers of GDP growth.
Corrections for the Lutz-Kelker Bias for Galactic Masers
Creators: name: Stepanishchev, A. S.
name: Bobylev, V. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Based on published data, we have collected information about Galactic maser sources with measured distances. In particular, 44 Galactic maser sources located in star-forming regions have trigonometric parallaxes, proper motions, and radial velocities. In addition, ten more radio sources with incomplete information are known, but their parallaxes have been measured with a high accuracy. For all 54 sources, we have calculated the corrections for the well-known Lutz-Kelker bias. Based on a sample of 44 sources, we have refined the parameters of the Galactic rotation curve. Thus, at R_0=8 kpc, the peculiar velocity components for the Sun are (Uo,Vo,Wo)=(7.5,17.6,8.4)+\-(1.2,1.2,1.2) km s^-1 and the angular velocity components are ω_0=-28.7+\-0.5 km s^-1 kpc^-1, ω'_0=+4.17+\-0.10 km s^-1 kpc^-2, and ω''_0=-0.87+\-0.06 km s^-1 kpc^-3. The corresponding Oort constants are A=16.7+\-0.6 km s^-1 kpc^-1 and B=-12.0+\-1.0 km s^-1 kpc^-1; the circular rotation velocity of the solar neighborhood around the Galactic center is V_0 = 230+\-16 km s^-1. We have found that the corrections for the Lutz-Kelker bias affect the determination of the angular velocity ω_0 most strongly; their effect on the remaining parameters is statistically insignificant. Within the model of a two-armed spiral pattern, we have determined the pattern pitch angle i=-6.5^\circ and the phase of the Sun in the spiral wave χ_0=150^\circ.
description: 11 pages, 2 tables, 2 figures
title: The interaction of individual values and sticky formal institutions in economic development
Creators: name: Kapás, Judit
Publisher: name: Università Carlo Cattaneo - LIUC
Year: 2019

description: This paper intends to take a step towards improving our understanding of how culture affects economic development. Relying on the theory of institutional stickiness (Boettke et al. 2008), the main hypothesis is that the "deep" cultural layer (proxied by individual values) interacts with the stickiest formal institutions in development, which leads to a very special "stuck-together" phenomenon. The aim of the paper is to investigate this specific effect empirically, and show the genuinely unique role of individual values in development. The cross-country empirical analyses provide details as regards the "stuck-togetherness" of values and institutions. Besides establishing that both values and sticky formal institutions are strong determinants of long-run income, I find that the "stuck-togetherness" of values and institutions acts as a separate factor in development, and, in addition, amplifies the impact of values on development in the good-institution countries. Another result is that better formal institutions increase the marginal income-increasing effect of those individual values that are favorable to development. The results seem to be very robust.
Entrepreneurial role models, fear of failure, and institutional approval of entrepreneurship: a tale of two regions
Creators: name: Wyrwich, Michael
name: Stuetzer, Michael
name: Sternberg, Rolf
Publisher: name: New York, NY : Springer New York LLC
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Communist legacy
subject: East Germany
subject: Entrepreneurial intentions
subject: Fear of failure
subject: Global Entrepreneurship Monitor
subject: Peer effect
subject: Role models
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::300 | Sozialwissenschaften, Soziologie, Anthropologie::330 | Wirtschaft

description: Studies on the influence of entrepreneurial role models (peers) on the decision to start a firm argue that entrepreneurial role models in the local environment (1) provide opportunities to learn about entrepreneurial tasks and capabilities, and (2) signal that entrepreneurship is a favorable career option thereby reducing uncertainty that potential entrepreneurs face. However, these studies remain silent about the role of institutional context for these mechanisms. Applying an extended sender-receiver model, we hypothesize that observing entrepreneurs reduces fear of failure in others in environments where approval of entrepreneurship is high, while this effect is significantly weaker in low-approval environments. Taking advantage of the natural experiment from recent German history and using data from the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor Project, we find considerable support for our hypotheses. The final publication is available at Springer via http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11187-015-9695-4.