cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Symmetric duality for left and right Riemann-Liouville and Caputo fractional differences
Creators: name: Abdeljawad, Thabet
name: Torres, Delfim F. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 26A33, 39A12

description: A discrete version of the symmetric duality of Caputo-Torres, to relate left and right Riemann-Liouville and Caputo fractional differences, is considered. As a corollary, we provide an evidence to the fact that in case of right fractional differences, one has to mix between nabla and delta operators. As an application, we derive right fractional summation by parts formulas and left fractional difference Euler-Lagrange equations for discrete fractional variational problems whose Lagrangians depend on right fractional differences.
description: This is a preprint of a paper whose final and definite form is published open access in the 'Arab Journal of Mathematical Sciences' (ISSN: 1319-5166), available at [http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajmsc.2016.07.001]
Some implications of estimating a regression scale parameter after a preliminary test of restrictions
Creators: name: Clarke, Judith Anne.
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2022

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
Food Traceability & Metrology Search Engine
Creators: name: Zoani, Claudia
name: Presser, Karl
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: traceability
search engine
food chains
data interoperability

description: This deliverable described a search engine concept and a first version as a solution for data integration along different food chains. Such a search engine will be realised as an open-source tool that allows, based on a research query, discovery, access, integration, and analysis of data and metadata describing nutritional quality, food safety, authenticity, and transparency of available food data. Users of such a search engine range from laypersons to experts, from researcher to primary producers, processors, distributors and retailers, from inspection and control agencies to certification bodies, and policymakers (Figure 33). As an example, researchers might wish for access to data useful for modelling purposes and comparative studies. Food businesses might access the tool to visualise parameters and examine stages they are interested in for monitoring or otherwise minimise, for example, nutritional quality losses, or safety issues.
Dirac cone spectroscopy of strongly correlated phases in twisted trilayer graphene
Creators: name: Shen, Cheng
name: Ledwith, Patrick J.
name: Watanabe, Kenji
name: Taniguchi, Takashi
name: Khalaf, Eslam
name: Vishwanath, Ashvin
name: Efetov, Dmitri K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Mirror-symmetric magic-angle twisted trilayer graphene (MATTG) hosts flat electronic bands close to zero energy, and has been recently shown to exhibit abundant correlated quantum phases with flexible electrical tunability. However studying these phases proved challenging as these are obscured by intertwined Dirac bands. In this work, we demonstrate a novel spectroscopy technique, that allows to quantify the energy gaps and Chern numbers of the correlated states in MATTG by driving band crossings between Dirac cone Landau levels and the energy gaps in the flat bands. We uncover hard correlated gaps with Chern numbers of C = 0 at integer moire unit cell fillings of nu = 2 and 3 and reveal novel charge density wave states originating from van Hove singularities at fractional fillings of nu = 5/3 and 11/3. In addition, we demonstrate the existence of displacement field driven first-order phase transitions at charge neutrality and half fillings of the moire unit cell nu = 2, which is consistent with a theoretical strong-coupling analysis, implying the breaking of the C2T symmetry. Overall these properties establish the diverse and electrically tunable phase diagram of MATTG and provide an avenue for investigating electronic quantum phases and strong correlations in multiple-band moire systems.
GeMS/GSAOI photometric and astrometric performance in dense stellar fields
Creators: name: Dalessandro, E.
name: Saracino, S.
name: Origlia, L.
name: Marchetti, E.
name: Ferraro, F. R.
name: Lanzoni, B.
name: Geisler, D.
name: Cohen, R. E
name: Mauro, F.
name: Villanova, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Ground-based imagers at 8m class telescopes assisted by Multi conjugate Adaptive Optics are primary facilities to obtain accurate photometry and proper motions in dense stellar fields. We observed the central region of the globular clusters Liller 1 and NGC 6624 with the Gemini Multi-conjugate adaptive optics System (GeMS) feeding the Gemini South Adaptive Optics Imager (GSAOI) currently available at the Gemini South telescope, under different observing conditions. We characterized the stellar Point Spread Function (PSF) in terms of Full Width at Half Maximum (FWHM), Strehl Ratio (SR) and Encircled Energy (EE), over the field of view. We found that, for sub-arcsec seeing at the observed airmass, diffraction limit PSF FWHM ($\approx$ 80 mas), SR $\sim40\%$ and EE $\ge50\%$ with a dispersion around $10\%$ over the 85" x 85" field of view, can be obtained in the $K_s$ band. In the $J$ band the best images provide FWHMs between 60 and 80 mas, SR $>10\%$ and EE $>40\%$. For seeing at the observed airmass exceeding 1", the performance worsen but it is still possible to perform PSF fitting photometry with $25\%$ EE in $J$ and $40\%$ in $K_s$. We also computed the geometric distortions of GeMS/GSAOI and we obtained corrected images with an astrometric accuracy of $\sim$1 mas in a stellar field with high crowding.
description: 32 pages, 13 figures, 4 tables; accepted for publication in ApJ
A Systematic X-ray Study of the Dwarf Novae Observed with Suzaku
Creators: name: Wada, Qazuya
name: Tsujimoto, Masahiro
name: Ebisawa, Ken
name: Hayashi, Takayuki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: X-ray behavior of the dwarf novae (DNe) outside the quiescent state has not been fully understood. We thus assembled 21 data sets of the 15 DNe observed by the Suzaku satellite by the end of 2013, which include spectra taken during not only the quiescence, but also the transitional, outburst, and super-outburst states. Starting with the traditional cooling flow model to explain the X-ray emission from the boundary layer, we made several modifications to account for the observed spectra. As a result, we found that the best-fit spectral model depends strongly on the state of the DNe with only a few exceptions. Spectra in the quiescent state are explained by the cooling flow model plus a Fe fluorescent line emission attenuated by an interstellar extinction. Spectra in the transitional state require an additional partial covering extinction. Spectra in the outburst and super-outburst state require additional low-temperature thin-thermal plasma component(s). Spectra in the super-outburst state further require a high value of the minimum temperature of the boundary layer. We present an interpretation on the required modifications to the cooling flow model for each state.
Benchmark computations of the phase field crystal and functionalized Cahn-Hilliard equations via fully implicit, Nesterov accelerated schemes
Creators: name: Park, Jea-Hyun
name: Salgado, Abner
name: Wise, Steven
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We introduce a fast solver for the phase field crystal (PFC) and functionalized Cahn-Hilliard (FCH) equations with periodic boundary conditions on a rectangular domain that features the preconditioned Nesterov accelerated gradient descent (PAGD) method. We discretize these problems with a Fourier collocation method in space, and employ various second-order schemes in time. We observe a significant speedup with this solver when compared to the preconditioned gradient descent (PGD) method. With the PAGD solver, fully implicit, second-order-in-time schemes are not only feasible to solve the PFC and FCH equations, but also do so more efficiently than some semi-implicit schemes in some cases where accuracy issues are taken into account. Benchmark computations of five different schemes for the PFC and FCH equations are conducted and the results indicate that, for the FCH experiments, the fully implicit schemes (midpoint rule and BDF2 equipped with the PAGD as a nonlinear time marching solver) perform better than their IMEX versions in terms of computational cost needed to achieve a certain precision. For the PFC, the results are not as conclusive as in the FCH experiments, which, we believe, is due to the fact that the nonlinearity in the PFC is milder nature compared to the FCH equation. We also discuss some practical matters in applying the PAGD. We introduce an averaged Newton preconditioner and a sweeping-friction strategy as heuristic ways to choose good preconditioner parameters. The sweeping-friction strategy exhibits almost as good a performance as the case of the best manually tuned parameters.
Enable Natural Tactile Interaction for Robot Dog based on Large-format Distributed Flexible Pressure Sensors
Creators: name: Zhan, Lishuang
name: Cao, Yancheng
name: Chen, Qitai
name: Guo, Haole
name: Gao, Jiasi
name: Luo, Yiyue
name: Guo, Shihui
name: Zhou, Guyue
name: Gong, Jiangtao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: H.5.2

description: Touch is an important channel for human-robot interaction, while it is challenging for robots to recognize human touch accurately and make appropriate responses. In this paper, we design and implement a set of large-format distributed flexible pressure sensors on a robot dog to enable natural human-robot tactile interaction. Through a heuristic study, we sorted out 81 tactile gestures commonly used when humans interact with real dogs and 44 dog reactions. A gesture classification algorithm based on ResNet is proposed to recognize these 81 human gestures, and the classification accuracy reaches 98.7%. In addition, an action prediction algorithm based on Transformer is proposed to predict dog actions from human gestures, reaching a 1-gram BLEU score of 0.87. Finally, we compare the tactile interaction with the voice interaction during a freedom human-robot-dog interactive playing study. The results show that tactile interaction plays a more significant role in alleviating user anxiety, stimulating user excitement and improving the acceptability of robot dogs.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures
Agricultural Requirements and Upstream Watershed Development, Pearl River Basin, Mississippi and Louisiana
Creators: name: Soil Conservation Service
name: Economic Research Service
name: Service, Forest
name: Soil Conservation Service
name: Economic Research Service
name: Service, Forest
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1971
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
Community/Rural/Urban Development
Crop Production/Industries
Environmental Economics and Policy
Labor and Human Capital
Land Economics/Use
Livestock Production/Industries
Productivity Analysis
Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
Resource /Energy Economics and Policy

description: The Pearl River Basin is located in east central and southwest Mississippi and in the southeastern part of Louisiana. The principal tributaries are the Yockanookany River and Lobutcha and Tuscolameta Creeks in the Basin above Jackson, Mississippi, and the Strong River and Bogue Chitto in the lower Basin. From its source, the Pearl River flows southwesterly for 146 miles to the vicinity of Jackson and then southerly for 217 miles to its outlet channels, the East and West Pearl Rivers. The Basin drains an area of 8,760 square miles, consisting of all or parts of 23 counties in Mississippi and 3 parishes in Louisiana. The primary objective of the U. S. Department of Agriculture study is to facilitate the coordinated and orderly conservation, development, utilization, and management of the water and related land resources. The Department of Agriculture agencies analyzed historical information and developed projections of the following major indicators in addition to minor ones: (1) volume and value of agricultural and timber output; (2) income and employment in basic agricultural and forestry activities; (3) use of rural lands, including the acreage devoted to major crops, forest production, recreation, and fish and wildlife; and (4) employment, income, and other measures of economic activity directly and locationally related to the basic agricultural and forest industries.
description: This study was made under the authority of Section 6 of the Watershed Protection and Flood Prevention Act of the 83rd Congress (Public Law 566, as amended) which authorized the Secretary of Agriculture to cooperate with other Federal, State, and local agencies in their investigations of watersheds, rivers, and of other waterways to develop coordinated programs. The planning efforts were coordinated closely with the Pearl River Basin Development District, the Mississippi Board of Water Commissioners, the Louisiana Department of Public Works, and local agencies and organizations concerned with the development, utilization, and management of water and land resources.
Novel calibrations of virial black hole mass estimators in active galaxies based on X-ray luminosity and optical/NIR emission lines
Creators: name: Ricci, F.
name: La Franca, F.
name: Onori, F.
name: Bianchi, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Accurately weigh the masses of SMBH in AGN is currently possible for only a small group of local and bright broad-line AGN through reverberation mapping (RM). Statistical demographic studies can be carried out considering the empirical scaling relation between the size of the BLR and the AGN optical continuum luminosity. However, there are still biases against low-luminosity or reddened AGN, in which the rest-frame optical radiation can be severely absorbed/diluted by the host and the BLR emission lines could be hard to detect. Our purpose is to widen the applicability of virial-based SE relations to reliably measure the BH masses also for low-luminosity or intermediate/type 2 AGN that are missed by current methodology. We achieve this goal by calibrating virial relations based on unbiased quantities: the hard X-ray luminosities, in the 2-10 keV and 14-195 keV bands, that are less sensitive to galaxy contamination, and the FWHM of the most important rest-frame NIR and optical BLR emission lines. We built a sample of RM AGN having both X-ray luminosity and broad optical/NIR FWHM measurements available in order to calibrate new virial BH mass estimators. We found that the FWHM of the H$α$, H$β$ and NIR lines (i.e. Pa$α$, Pa$β$ and HeI$λ$10830) all correlate each other having negligible or small offsets. This result allowed us to derive virial BH mass estimators based on either the 2-10 keV or 14-195 keV luminosity. We took also into account the recent determination of the different virial coefficients $f$ for pseudo and classical bulges. By splitting the sample according to the bulge type and adopting separate $f$ factors we found that our virial relations predict BH masses of AGN hosted in pseudobulges $\sim$0.5 dex smaller than in classical bulges. Assuming the same average $f$ factor for both populations, a difference of $\sim$0.2 dex is still found.
description: 11 pages, 2 figures, 4 tables, accepted for publication on A&A
A survey of Na absorption in giant exoplanets with high-resolution transmission spectroscopy
Creators: name: Langeveld, Adam B.
name: Madhusudhan, Nikku
name: Cabot, Samuel H. C.
name: Turner, Jake D.
name: Deibert, Emily K.
name: Flagg, Laura
name: Ridden-Harper, Andrew
name: Jayawardhana, Ray
name: de Mooij, Ernst J. W.
name: MacDonald, Ryan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Exoplanet atmospheres
High-resolution spectroscopy
Transmission spectroscopy
Gaseous planets
Atmospheric trends

description: The alkali metal sodium (Na) is one of the most commonly detected chemical species in the upper atmospheres of giant exoplanets. The prevalence and strength of these detections presents an opportunity to search for trends and attempt to answer population-level questions on exoplanetary atmospheres. We report on a homogeneous survey of Na in a diverse sample of transiting exoplanets using high-resolution transmission spectroscopy. We use uniformly measured Na doublet line depths to constrain the atmospheric heights probed by Na observations across the sample. We report an empirical relationship describing the Na line properties as a function of the planetary bulk properties. We also present initial results from the ongoing Exoplanets with Gemini Spectroscopy (ExoGemS) survey, which has acquired high-resolution transmission spectra of over 20 exoplanets using GRACES at the Gemini North Observatory. Surveys of this type highlight a promising avenue for using high-resolution transmission spectroscopy to further our understanding of how atmospheric characteristics vary over a diverse sample of exoplanets.
description: {"references": ["Langeveld, Madhusudhan and Cabot, 2022, MNRAS, 514, 5192", "Langeveld, Madhusudhan, et al., 2021, MNRAS, 502, 4392", "Deibert, de Mooij, Jayawardhana, et al., 2021, ApJ, 919, L15"]}
A note on the predictability of flat galactic rotation curves
Creators: name: Kuhfittig, Peter K. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Based on an exact solution of the Einstein field equations, it is proposed in this note that the dark-matter hypothesis could have led to the prediction of flat galactic rotation curves long before the discovery thereof by assuming that on large scales the matter in the Universe, including dark matter, is a perfect fluid.
description: 4 pages, no figures
Gravitational waves and monopoles dark matter from first-order phase transition
Creators: name: Yang, Jing
name: Zhou, Ruiyu
name: Bian, Ligong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the possibility of monopoles serving as dark matter when they are produced during the first-order phase transition in the dark sector. Our study shows that dark monopoles can contribute only a small piece of dark matter relic density within parameter spaces where strong gravitational waves can be probed by ET and CE, and the monopoles can contribute a sizable component of the observed dark matter relic density for fast phase transitions with short duration.
description: 5 pages, 4figures, comments welcome!
Prospects for national allocative economic planning in Australia
Creators: name: Kulkarni, Anand.
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2022

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
ROAM: a Radial-basis-function Optimization Approximation Method for diagnosing the three-dimensional coronal magnetic field
Creators: name: Dalmasse, K.
name: Nychka, D. W.
name: Gibson, S. E.
name: Fan, Y.
name: Flyer, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Coronal Multichannel Polarimeter (CoMP) routinely performs coronal polarimetric measurements using the Fe XIII 10747 $Å$ and 10798 $Å$ lines, which are sensitive to the coronal magnetic field. However, inverting such polarimetric measurements into magnetic field data is a difficult task because the corona is optically thin at these wavelengths and the observed signal is therefore the integrated emission of all the plasma along the line of sight. To overcome this difficulty, we take on a new approach that combines a parameterized 3D magnetic field model with forward modeling of the polarization signal. For that purpose, we develop a new, fast and efficient, optimization method for model-data fitting: the Radial-basis-functions Optimization Approximation Method (ROAM). Model-data fitting is achieved by optimizing a user-specified log-likelihood function that quantifies the differences between the observed polarization signal and its synthetic/predicted analogue. Speed and efficiency are obtained by combining sparse evaluation of the magnetic model with radial-basis-function (RBF) decomposition of the log-likelihood function. The RBF decomposition provides an analytical expression for the log-likelihood function that is used to inexpensively estimate the set of parameter values optimizing it. We test and validate ROAM on a synthetic test bed of a coronal magnetic flux rope and show that it performs well with a significantly sparse sample of the parameter space. We conclude that our optimization method is well-suited for fast and efficient model-data fitting and can be exploited for converting coronal polarimetric measurements, such as the ones provided by CoMP, into coronal magnetic field data.
description: 23 pages, 12 figures, accepted in Frontiers in Astronomy and Space Sciences
Health4Kids: Manual of Procedures
Creators: name: Institute, Latino Research
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 2023
Subjects: Health4Kids
H4K
Latino
urban
family-focused
development
obesity prevention
nutrition
physical activity
mhealth
protocols
manual of procedures

description: The Health4Kids Intervention Trial for Hispanic Families is an NIH-funded study (R01HD075936; NCT02343367).
description: The Health4Kids study manual of procedures and protocols includes instructions on all study-related procedures, including recruitment, measurement, intervention, process evaluation, and more.
Generators for the SIS/DIS region
Creators: name: Bronner, Christophe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe how the main neutrino interaction generators (GENIE, NEUT and NuWro) used by current neutrino oscillation experiments treat the shallow and deep inelastic region. We then compare their predictions for charged current events in this region, in terms of transferred momentum as well as multiplicities for different types of hadrons. We present additional comparisons in the low hadronic invariant mass region, where the generators use different custom models.
description: 8 pages, 8 figures. Proceedings for a talk presented at NuINT2015
Molecular Frame Reconstruction using Time-domain Photoionization Interferometry
Creators: name: Hockett, Paul
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: 20201 Atomic and Molecular Physics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Quantum Mechanics
subject: Molecular Physics

description: Manuscript, supplementary materials and data.
Manuscript - Bootstrapping to the Molecular Frame with Time-domain Photoionization Interferometry (arXiv, Jan 2017), note that the published version is retitled "Molecular Frame Reconstruction using Time-domain Photoionization Interferometry".
Now published in PRL: Phys. Rev. Lett. 119, 083401 (2017)https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.119.083401

(For general intros to the topic, see also PQE 2018 slides, https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.5645509, and DAMOP 2017 talk video https://vimeo.com/223603377.)
Docs (pdf):- Manuscript (arXiv 1701.08432, Jan 2017)- Manuscript Supplementary Materials (May 2017)- Data analysis summary (Oct. 2016)- Concept figure (April 2017)- E-dependence of MFPADs over 1 eV ranges, plotted from the ePolyScat calculations (May 2017)
Data:- XUV ionization data (Claude Marceau)- ADM fitting and extraction (Varun Makhija)- BLM fitting and matrix element extraction (Paul Hockett)- ePolyScat calculations (Paul Hockett)- Tabulated matrix elements and Blms for MFPADs (Paul Hockett)
Code:- AFPAD_fitting_code_distro_190517.zip, AFPAD calculation and fitting codes (Paul Hockett)- Rotational wavepacket fitting code coming soon (Varun Makhija)

Data currently supplied in Matlab format only, see .m file for further details and data plotting routines. Additional tabulated data in XML format (spreadsheet).
To process the ePolyScat results, use ePSproc, https://github.com/phockett/ePSproc(See also https://www.authorea.com/users/71114/articles/122402/_show_article)
Forecasting COVID-19 Infections in Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) Countries using Machine Learning
Creators: name: Ismail, Leila
name: Materwala, Huned
name: Hennebelle, Alain
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: H.1.2; I.2.1; I.2.6; J.3; K.6.1
subject: 68-04, 68T05, 68T07, 68T20

description: COVID-19 has infected more than 68 million people worldwide since it was first detected about a year ago. Machine learning time series models have been implemented to forecast COVID-19 infections. In this paper, we develop time series models for the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries using the public COVID-19 dataset from Johns Hopkins. The dataset set includes the one-year cumulative COVID-19 cases between 22/01/2020 to 22/01/2021. We developed different models for the countries under study based on the spatial distribution of the infection data. Our experimental results show that the developed models can forecast COVID-19 infections with high precision.
description: 9 pages, Proceedings of the 13th International Conference on Computer Modeling and Simulation, ICCMS 2021, Autoregressive integrated moving average, ARIMA, Coronavirus, COVID-19, Damped Trend, Holt Linear Trend, Machine learning, Pandemic, Time series
A terrestrial planet candidate in a temperate orbit around Proxima Centauri
Creators: name: Anglada-Escudé, Guillem
name: Amado, Pedro J.
name: Barnes, John
name: Berdiñas, Zaira M.
name: Butler, R. Paul
name: Coleman, Gavin A. L.
name: de la Cueva, Ignacio
name: Dreizler, Stefan
name: Endl, Michael
name: Giesers, Benjamin
name: Jeffers, Sandra V.
name: Jenkins, James S.
name: Jones, Hugh R. A.
name: Kiraga, Marcin
name: Kürster, Martin
name: López-González, María J.
name: Marvin, Christopher J.
name: Morales, Nicolás
name: Morin, Julien
name: Nelson, Richard P.
name: Ortiz, José L.
name: Ofir, Aviv
name: Paardekooper, Sijme-Jan
name: Reiners, Ansgar
name: Rodríguez, Eloy
name: Rodríguez-López, Cristina
name: Sarmiento, Luis F.
name: Strachan, John P.
name: Tsapras, Yiannis
name: Tuomi, Mikko
name: Zechmeister, Mathias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: At a distance of 1.295 parsecs, the red-dwarf Proxima Centauri ($α$ Centauri C, GL 551, HIP 70890, or simply Proxima) is the Sun's closest stellar neighbor and one of the best studied low-mass stars. It has an effective temperature of only $\sim$ 3050 K, a luminosity of $\sim$0.1 per cent solar, a measured radius of 0.14 R$_\odot$ and a mass of about 12 per cent the mass of the Sun. Although Proxima is considered a moderately active star, its rotation period is $\sim$ 83 days, and its quiescent activity levels and X-ray luminosity are comparable to the Sun's. New observations reveal the presence of a small planet orbiting Proxima with a minimum mass of 1.3~Earth masses and an orbital period of $\sim$11.2 days. Its orbital semi-major axis is $\sim0.05$ AU, with an equilibrium temperature in the range where water could be liquid on its surface.
description: Version accepted for publication by Nature (unedited, July 7th, 2016), figures inserted in text for easier read. Article body : 10 pages, 3 figures, 1 table. Methods section : 23 pages, 9 figures, 1 table. IMPORTANT NOTE : Acknowledgment to IAA/CSIC researchers Javier Pascual Granado and Rafael Garrido added for useful discussions and feedback on the mathematical properties of time-series
Fast Multi-grid Methods for Minimizing Curvature Energy
Creators: name: Zhang, Zhenwei
name: Chen, Ke
name: Tang, Ke
name: Duan, Yuping
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The geometric high-order regularization methods such as mean curvature and Gaussian curvature, have been intensively studied during the last decades due to their abilities in preserving geometric properties including image edges, corners, and contrast. However, the dilemma between restoration quality and computational efficiency is an essential roadblock for high-order methods. In this paper, we propose fast multi-grid algorithms for minimizing both mean curvature and Gaussian curvature energy functionals without sacrificing accuracy for efficiency. Unlike the existing approaches based on operator splitting and the Augmented Lagrangian method (ALM), no artificial parameters are introduced in our formulation, which guarantees the robustness of the proposed algorithm. Meanwhile, we adopt the domain decomposition method to promote parallel computing and use the fine-to-coarse structure to accelerate convergence. Numerical experiments are presented on image denoising, CT, and MRI reconstruction problems to demonstrate the superiority of our method in preserving geometric structures and fine details. The proposed method is also shown effective in dealing with large-scale image processing problems by recovering an image of size $1024\times 1024$ within $40$s, while the ALM method requires around $200$s.
Encoding beyond cosmological horizons in de Sitter JT gravity
Creators: name: Levine, Adam
name: Shaghoulian, Edgar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Black hole event horizons and cosmological event horizons share many properties, making it natural to ask whether our recent advances in understanding black holes generalize to cosmology. To this end, we discuss a paradox that occurs if observers can access what lies beyond their cosmological horizon in the same way that they can access what lies beyond a black hole horizon. In particular, distinct observers with distinct horizons may encode the same portion of spacetime, violating the no-cloning theorem of quantum mechanics. This paradox is due precisely to the observer-dependence of the cosmological horizon -- the sharpest difference from a black hole horizon -- although we will argue that the gravity path integral avoids the paradox in controlled examples.
description: 28 pages, 17 figures
Damping of hard excitations in strongly coupled $\mathcal N\,{=}\,4$ plasma
Creators: name: Fuini, John F.
name: Uhlemann, Christoph F.
name: Yaffe, Laurence G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The damping of high momentum excitations in strongly coupled maximally supersymmetric Yang-Mills plasma is studied. Previous calculations of the asymptotic behavior of the quasinormal mode spectrum are extended and clarified. We confirm that subleading corrections to the lightlike dispersion relation $ω({\bf q}) = |{\bf q}|$ have a universal $|{\bf q}|^{-1/3}$ form. Sufficiently narrow, weak planar shocks may be viewed as coherent superpositions of short wavelength quasinormal modes. The attenuation and evolution in profile of narrow planar shocks are examined as an application of our results.
description: 29 pages, 9 figures
Starquakes on Flare stars
Creators: name: Contadakis, Michael
name: J.H.Seiradakis
name: S.J.Avgoloupis
name: Ch.Papantoniou
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Flare stars
Discrete Fourier Transform analysis
Brownian Walk noise

description: Flare Stars has been a subject of extending research for many decades at the Stefanion Observatory. Apart of the spectacular flaring phenomena, the results of the analysis of the one colour (B) observations of the Stefanion Observatory at any stage of their activity (quiescence, weak flares, strong flares),indicate that: (1) Transient high frequency oscillations occur during the flare event and during the quiet-star phase as well; (2) The Observed frequencies range between 0.0025Hz (period 6.6min) and 0.033Hz (period 30s) not rigorously bounded. It is interesting that transient oscillations appear also far apart from the observed flares, during the quiet state of the star, as a result of the general magnetic activity of the star. The power spectrum of these oscillations resembles that of the solar like oscillation spectra i.e the sunquake spectra. In particular the starquake spectra resembles that of a red subgiant.
Stochastic Galerkin method for cloud simulation. Part II: a fully random Navier-Stokes-cloud model
Creators: name: Chertock, A.
name: Kurganov, A.
name: Lukáčová-Medviďová, M.
name: Spichtinger, P.
name: Wiebe, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: This paper is a continuation of the work presented in [Chertock et al., Math. Cli. Weather Forecast. 5, 1 (2019), 65--106]. We study uncertainty propagation in warm cloud dynamics of weakly compressible fluids. The mathematical model is governed by a multiscale system of PDEs in which the macroscopic fluid dynamics is described by a weakly compressible Navier-Stokes system and the microscopic cloud dynamics is modeled by a convection-diffusion-reaction system. In order to quantify uncertainties present in the system, we derive and implement a generalized polynomial chaos stochastic Galerkin method. Unlike the first part of this work, where we restricted our consideration to the partially stochastic case in which the uncertainties were only present in the cloud physics equations, we now study a fully random Navier-Stokes-cloud model in which we include randomness in the macroscopic fluid dynamics as well. We conduct a series of numerical experiments illustrating the accuracy and efficiency of the developed approach.
Magneto-thermal-switching properties of superconducting Nb
Creators: name: Yoshida, Miku
name: Kasem, Md. Riad
name: Yamashita, Aichi
name: Uchida, Ken-ichi
name: Mizuguchi, Yoshikazu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently, thermal switching has been extensively studied because it is a key component for thermal management in electronic devices. Here, we show a huge magneto-thermal-switching ratio (MTSR) in pure Nb at temperatures lower than its superconducting transition temperature (Tc = 9.2 K). The MTSR increases with decreasing temperature, and MTSR of 650% was observed at T = 2.5 K under H = 4.0 kOe. The thermal switching in superconductors with the huge MTSR will be useful for improvement of the performance of low-temperature electronic devices.
description: 11 pages, 3 figures, supplementary data
Dynamics of electrons and explicit solutions of Dirac-Weyl systems
Creators: name: Sakhnovich, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35Q41, 74H05, 78A35

description: Explicit solutions of Dirac-Weyl system, which is essential in graphene studies, are constructed using our recent approach to the construction of solutions of dynamical systems. The obtained classes of solutions are much wider than the ones, which were considered before. It is proved that neither constructed potentials nor corresponding solutions have singularities. Various examples are provided.
Development of a water-based cooling system for the Muon Chamber detector system of the CBM experiment
Creators: name: Kundu, Sumit Kumar
name: Biswas, Saikat
name: Chattopadhyay, Subhasis
name: Das, Supriya
name: Dubey, Anand Kumar
name: Ghosh, Chandrasekhar
name: Kumar, Ajit
name: Roy, Ankhi
name: Saini, Jogender
name: Seth, Susnata
name: Prasad, Sidharth Kumar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A water-based cooling system is being investigated to meet the cooling requirement of the Gas Electron Multiplier (GEM) based Muon Chamber (MuCh) detector system of the Compressed Baryonic Matter (CBM) experiment at GSI, Germany. The system is based on circulating cold water through the channels inside an aluminium plate. The aluminium plate is attached to a GEM chamber. A feasibility study is conducted on one small and two real-size prototype cooling plates. A microcontroller based unit has been built and integrated into the system to achieve automatic control and monitoring of temperature on plate surface. The real-size prototypes have been used in a test beam experiment at the CERN SPS (Super Proton Synchrotron) with the lead beam on a lead target. A setup using three prototype modules has been prepared in the lab for testing in a simulated real life environment. This paper discusses the working principle, mechanical design, fabrication, and test results of the cooling prototypes in detail.
description: 8 pages, 12 figures, 2 tables
Probing the primordial Universe with 21-cm line from cosmic dawn/epoch of reionization
Creators: name: Minoda, Teppei
name: Saga, Shohei
name: Takahashi, Tomo
name: Tashiro, Hiroyuki
name: Yamauchi, Daisuke
name: Yokoyama, Shuichiro
name: Yoshiura, Shintaro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the most distant reaches of the Universe, the 21-cm hyperfine transition in neutral hydrogen provides one of the only available tracers of large-scale structure. A number of instruments have been working and planned to measure the 21-cm line signals, and in particular, Experiment to Detect the Global EoR Signature (EDGES) recently has reported the first detection of an absorption signal, which corresponds to the 21-cm line global signal at the epoch of reionization (EoR). The future large radio telescope, Square Kilometre Array (SKA) will be able to deliver the high-precision measurement of 21-cm line emission/absorption signals. In this paper, we review the current status for the 21-cm line global and fluctuation signals from EoR to the dark ages, and then summarize the recent studies of how we probe the primordial Universe particularly motivated by the recent EDGES result and future observations by SKA. We focus on two applications for constraining cosmology with the EDGES result: constraints on the primordial magnetic fields and those on the primordial power spectrum. We also discuss the potential of future SKA for probing the inflationary Universe, by discussing expected constraints on the primordial power spectrum, its adiabaticity, and primordial non-Gaussianities from future observations of 21-cm fluctuations.
description: 52 pages, 9 figures, published in PASJ Special Issue: Metre and Centimetre Radio Astronomy in the Next Decade
An analysis of demand for exports : a case study of Bangladesh
Creators: name: Ahmed, Farid U. .
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2022

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
Galaxy-galaxy and galaxy-cluster lensing with the SDSS and FIRST surveys
Creators: name: Demetroullas, Constantinos
name: Brown, Michael L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We perform a galaxy-galaxy lensing study by correlating the shapes of $\sim$2.7 $\times$ 10$^5$ galaxies selected from the VLA FIRST radio survey with the positions of $\sim$38.5 million SDSS galaxies, $\sim$132000 BCGs and $\sim$78000 SDSS galaxies that are also detected in the VLA FIRST survey. The measurements are conducted on angular scales $θ$ $\lesssim$ 1200 arcsec. On scales $θ$ $\lesssim$ 200 arcsec we find that the measurements are corrupted by residual systematic effects associated with the instrumental beam of the VLA data. Using simulations we show that we can successfully apply a correction for these effects. Using the three lens samples (the SDSS DR10 sample, the BCG sample and the SDSS-FIRST matched object sample) we measure a tangential shear signal that is inconsistent with zero at the 10$σ$, 3.8$σ$ and 9$σ$ level respectively. Fitting an NFW model to the detected signals we find that the ensemble mass profile of the BCG sample agrees with the values in the literature. However, the mass profiles of the SDSS DR10 and the SDSS-FIRST matched object samples are found to be shallower and steeper than results in the literature respectively. The best-fitting Virial masses for the SDSS DR10, BCG and SDSS-FIRST matched samples, derived using an NFW model and allowing for a varying concentration factor, are M$^{SDSS-DR10}_{200}$ = (1.2 $\pm$ 0.4) $\times$ 10$^{12}$M$_{\odot}$, M$^{BCG}_{200}$ = (1.4 $\pm$ 1.3) $\times$ 10$^{13}$M$_{\odot}$ and M$^{SDSS-FIRST}_{200}$ = 8.0 $\pm$ 4.2 $\times$ 10$^{13}$M$_{\odot}$ respectively. These results are in good agreement (within $\sim$2$σ$) with values in the literature. Our findings suggest that for galaxies to be both bright in the radio and in the optical they must be embedded in very dense environment on scales R $\lesssim$ 1Mpc.
description: 15 pages, 9 figures and 2 tables
Determinants of exchange rate practices
Creators: name: Chakravorty, Sourin.
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2022

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
Navigation of C. elegans in three-dimensional media: roll maneuvers and planar turns
Creators: name: Bilbao, Alejandro
name: Patel, Amar K.
name: Rahman, Mizanur
name: Vanapalli, Siva A.
name: Blawzdziewicz, Jerzy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Free-living nematode Caenorhabditis elegans is a powerful genetic model, essential for investigations ranging from behavior to neuroscience to aging, and locomotion is a key observable used in these studies. However, despite the fact that in its natural environment C. elegans moves in three-dimensional (3D) complex media (decomposing organic matter and water), quantitative in vestigations of its locomotion have been limited to two-dimensional (2D) motion. Based on our recent quantitative analysis of 2D turning maneuvers [Phys. Fluids 25, 081902 (2013)] we follow with the first quantitative description of how C. elegans moves in 3D environments. We show that by superposing body torsion and 2D undulations, a burrowing or swimming nematode can rotate the undulation plane. A combination of these roll maneuvers and 2D turns associated with variation of undulation-wave parameters allows the nematode to explore 3D space. We apply our model to analyze 3D chemotaxis of nematodes burrowing in a gel and swimming in water; we conclude that the nematode can achieve efficient chemotaxis in different environments without adjusting its sensory-motor response to chemical signals. Implications of our findings for understanding of 3D neuromuscular control of nematode body are discussed.
description: 14 pages, 16 figures
Hierarchies of sum rules for squares of spherical Bessel functions
Creators: name: Suttorp, L G
name: van Wonderen, A J
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 33C10

description: A four-term recurrence relation for squared spherical Bessel functions is shown to yield closed-form expressions for several types of finite weighted sums of these functions. The resulting sum rules, which may contain an arbitrarily large number of terms, are found to constitute three independent hierarchies. Their use leads to an efficient numerical evaluation of these sums.
Maximization of Neumann eigenvalues
Creators: name: Bucur, Dorin
name: Martinet, Eloi
name: Oudet, Edouard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: This paper is motivated by the maximization of the $k$-th eigenvalue of the Laplace operator with Neumann boundary conditions among domains of ${\mathbb R}^N$ with prescribed measure. We relax the problem to the class of (possibly degenerate) densities in ${\mathbb R}^N$ with prescribed mass and prove the existence of an optimal density. For $k=1,2$ the two problems are equivalent and the maximizers are known to be one and two equal balls, respectively. For $k \ge 3$ this question remains open, except in one dimension of the space where we prove that the maximal densities correspond to a union of $k$ equal segments. This result provides sharp upper bounds for Sturm-Liouville eigenvalues and proves the validity of the Pólya conjecture in the class of densities in ${\mathbb R}$. Based on the relaxed formulation, we provide numerical approximations of optimal densities for $k=1, \dots, 8$ in ${\mathbb R}^2$.