cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title:  Dimensiones procesales antigarantistas en la responsabilidad de la persona juridica en italia
Creators: name: Marafioti  , Luca
Publisher: name: Roma TrE-Press
Year: 2021

description: Il presente scritto si propone di analizzare - a distanza di vent’anni dall’approvazione del d. lgs. n. 231 del 2001 recante la disciplina della responsabilità delle persone giuridiche per gli illeciti amministrativi dipendenti da reato - il grado di effettività delle garanzie processuali riconosciute all’ente imputato. L’Autore, in particolare, si sofferma sugli aspetti critici in tema di formulazione dell’imputazione, sulla portata dell’onere della prova, sulla vocazione special-preventiva del meccanismo processuale e, infine, sulle principali distorsioni provocate dal sistema cautelare.

Este artículo se ocupa de analizar - a veinte años de la aprobación de la Ley 231 del 2001 que establece la disciplina de la responsabilidad de las personas jurídicas por los ilícitos administrativos que dependen del delito - el grado de efectividad de las garantías procesales reconocidas al ente imputado. El Autor, en particular, se centra sobre los aspectos críticos en cuanto a la formulación de la imputación, sobre el alcance de la carga de la prueba, sobre la vocación especial-preventiva del mecanismo procesal y, finalmente, sobre las principales distorsiones provocadas por el sistema cautelar.
description: Roma Tre Law Review – 02/2020
Electron-hole entanglement in the Fermi sea
Creators: name: Beenakker, C. W. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: I. Introduction (Preface, Exciton entanglers, Photon entanglers) II. Entanglement basics (Quantum versus classical correlations, Bell inequality, Entanglement measures for pure states, Entanglement measures for mixed states, Particle conservation, Phase reference) III. How to entangle free particles (Free bosons, Free fermions) IV. Spin versus orbital entanglement V. Entanglement detection by noise measurements (Tunneling regime, Beyond the tunneling regime, Full counting statistics) VI. Loss of entanglement by dephasing VII. Quantum entanglement pump VIII. Teleportation by electron-hole annihilation IX. Three-qubit entanglement X. The experimental challenge
description: 24 pages, 23 figures; review of published work with one new result: the critical temperature beyond which the entanglement vanishes; [2017: fixed broken eps figures]
Directed polymers in random media under confining force
Creators: name: Jeong, Hyeong-Chai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The scaling behavior of a directed polymer in a two-dimensional (2D) random potential under confining force is investigated. The energy of a polymer with configuration $\{y(x)\}$ is given by $H\big(\{y(x)\}\big) = \sum_{x=1}^N \exyx + ε\Wa^α$, where $η(x,y)$ is an uncorrelated random potential and $\Wa$ is the width of the polymer. Using an energy argument, it is conjectured that the radius of gyration $R_g(N)$ and the energy fluctuation $ΔE(N)$ of the polymer of length $N$ in the ground state increase as $R_g(N)\sim N^ν$ and $ΔE(N)\sim N^ω$ respectively with $ν= 1/(1+α)$ and $ω= (1+2α)/(4+4α)$ for $α\ge 1/2$. A novel algorithm of finding the exact ground state, with the effective time complexity of $\cO(N^3)$, is introduced and used to confirm the conjecture numerically.
description: 9 pages, 7 figures
Finite-Size Analysis of the Collapse of Dry Granular Columns
Creators: name: Man, Teng
name: Huppert, Herbert E.
name: Li, Ling
name: Galindo-Torres, Sergio Andres
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this letter, we focus on the size effect of granular column collapses, which are potentially connected to the dynamics of complex geophysical flows, even if the link between microscopic structures of granular assemblies and their macroscopic behaviors is still not well understood. Using the sphero-polyhedral discrete element method (DEM), we show that the column radius/grain size ratio has a strong influence on the collapse behavior. A finite-size analysis, which is inspired by a phase transition around an inflection point, is performed to obtain a general scaling equation with critical exponents for run-out distances. We further link the size effect with the strong force network and formalize a correlation length scale that exponentially scales with the effective aspect ratio. Such a scaling solution shows similarities with the percolation problem of two-dimensional random networks and can be extended to other similar natural and engineering systems.
Deconfinement and Quarkonium Suppression
Creators: name: Karsch, Frithjof
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Modifications in the production pattern of heavy quark bound states have long been considered to provide sensitive signatures for the thermal properties of dense matter created in heavy ion collisions. The original concept of Matsui and Satz for quarkonium suppression as signature for deconfinement in heavy ion collisions has been challenged recently through lattice studies of spectral functions, which indicate the persistence of heavy quark bound states at temperatures well above the transition, as well as through the refined analysis of hadronization and recombination models, which take into account the thermal evolution of the medium generated in a heavy ion collision. We will review here recent developments on these topics.
description: 10 pages, contribution to the proceedings of Hard Probes 2004, International Conference on Hard and Electromagnetic Probes of High Energy Nuclear Collisions, Nov. 4-10, 2004, Ericeira, Portugal, references updated
From Twitter to Traffic Predictor: Next-Day Morning Traffic Prediction Using Social Media Data
Creators: name: Yao, Weiran
name: Qian, Sean
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The effectiveness of traditional traffic prediction methods is often extremely limited when forecasting traffic dynamics in early morning. The reason is that traffic can break down drastically during the early morning commute, and the time and duration of this break-down vary substantially from day to day. Early morning traffic forecast is crucial to inform morning-commute traffic management, but they are generally challenging to predict in advance, particularly by midnight. In this paper, we propose to mine Twitter messages as a probing method to understand the impacts of people's work and rest patterns in the evening/midnight of the previous day to the next-day morning traffic. The model is tested on freeway networks in Pittsburgh as experiments. The resulting relationship is surprisingly simple and powerful. We find that, in general, the earlier people rest as indicated from Tweets, the more congested roads will be in the next morning. The occurrence of big events in the evening before, represented by higher or lower tweet sentiment than normal, often implies lower travel demand in the next morning than normal days. Besides, people's tweeting activities in the night before and early morning are statistically associated with congestion in morning peak hours. We make use of such relationships to build a predictive framework which forecasts morning commute congestion using people's tweeting profiles extracted by 5 am or as late as the midnight prior to the morning. The Pittsburgh study supports that our framework can precisely predict morning congestion, particularly for some road segments upstream of roadway bottlenecks with large day-to-day congestion variation. Our approach considerably outperforms those existing methods without Twitter message features, and it can learn meaningful representation of demand from tweeting profiles that offer managerial insights.
Rate-equation calculations of the current flow through two-site molecular device and DNA-based junction
Creators: name: Walczak, Kamil
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Here we present the calculations of incoherent current flowing through the two-site molecular device as well as the DNA-based junction within the rate-equation approach. Few interesting phenomena are discussed in detail. Structural asymmetry of two-site molecule results in rectification effect, which can be neutralized by asymmetric voltage drop at the molecule-metal contacts due to coupling asymmetry. The results received for poly(dG)-poly(dC) DNA molecule reveal the coupling- and temperature-independent saturation effect of the current at high voltages, where for short chains we establish the inverse square distance dependence. Besides, we document the shift of the conductance peak in the direction to higher voltages due to the temperature decrease.
description: 12 pages, 6 figures
Floquet engineering of low-energy dispersions and dynamical localization in a periodically kicked three-band system
Creators: name: Tamang, Lakpa
name: Nag, Tanay
name: Biswas, Tutul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Much having learned about Floquet dynamics of pseudospin-$1/2$ system namely, graphene, we here address the stroboscopic properties of a periodically kicked {three-band fermionic system such as $α$-T$_3$ lattice. This particular model provides an interpolation between graphene and dice lattice via the continuous tuning of the parameter $α$ from 0 to 1.} In the case of dice lattice ($α=1$), we reveal that one can, in principle, engineer various types of low energy dispersions around some specific points in the Brillouin zone by tuning the kicking parameter in the Hamiltonian along a particular direction. Our analytical analysis shows that one can experience different quasienergy dispersions for example, Dirac type, semi-Dirac type, gapless line, absolute flat quasienergy bands, depending on the specific values of the kicking parameter. Moreover, we numerically study the dynamics of a wave packet in dice lattice. The quasienergy dispersion allows us to understand the instantaneous structure of wave packet at stroboscopic times. We find a situation where absolute flat quasienergy bands lead to a complete dynamical localization of the wave packet. {Aditionally, we calculate the quasienergy spectrum numerically for $α$-T$_3$ lattice. A periodic kick in a perpendicular (planar) direction breaks (preserves) the particle-hole symmetry for $0
description: 12 pages, 11 figures
title:  Modern chinese legal system: is there any reference to the imperial thought? *** confucianism, legalism and rule of law with chinese characteristics
Creators: name: Renzi , Andrea
name: Nico  , Silvia
Publisher: name: Roma TrE-Press
Year: 2021

description: The evolution of Chinese society has had a strong impact on the construction of the modern Chinese State. What is not evident, however, is what kind of relationship exists between the main philosophical theories of classical China and the transition from a pure Socialist state to a legal system infused with the rule of law. The paper will primarily reconstruct the main points of the philosophical theorizations that have had the greatest influence on the development of the Chinese legal system. After reconstructing the historical framework, the constitutional evolution of the rule of law and its reflection on administrative justice will be examined. The paper, without completeness claims, tries to expose to a non-sinologist public the complexity of Chinese legal system and the relations with the historic evolution.

L'evoluzione della società cinese ha avuto un forte impatto sulla costruzione dello Stato cinese moderno. Ciò che non è evidente, tuttavia, è quale tipo di relazione esiste tra le principali teorie filosofiche della Cina classica e il passaggio da uno stato socialista puro ad un sistema legale intriso dello stato di diritto. L'articolo ricostruirà principalmente i punti principali delle teorie filosofiche che hanno avuto la maggiore influenza sullo sviluppo del sistema legale cinese. Dopo aver ricostruito il quadro storico, si esaminerà l'evoluzione costituzionale della regola di diritto e la sua influenza  sulla giustizia amministrativa. L’articolo, senza pretesa di completezza, cerca di esporre a un pubblico non sinologo la complessità del sistema giuridico cinese e delle sue relazioni con l'evoluzione storica.
description: Roma Tre Law Review – 02/2020
Agricultural Policies and Soil Degradation in Western Canada: An Agro-Ecological Economic Assessment: Report 3. The Integration of the Environmental and Economic Components
Creators: name: Bouzaher, Aziz
name: Shogren, Jason F.
name: Holtkamp, Derald
name: Gassman, Philip W.
name: Archer, David W.
name: Lakshminarayan, P.G.
name: Carriquiry, Alicia L.
name: Reese, Randall
name: Furtan, William Hartley
name: Izaurralde, R. Cesar
name: Kiniry, James R.
name: Bouzaher, Aziz
name: Shogren, Jason F.
name: Holtkamp, Derald
name: Gassman, Philip W.
name: Archer, David W.
name: Lakshminarayan, P.G.
name: Carriquiry, Alicia L.
name: Reese, Randall
name: Furtan, William Hartley
name: Izaurralde, R. Cesar
name: Kiniry, James R.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1995
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
Environmental Economics and Policy

description: The interface between RS-CRAM and the environmental component of the integrated modeling system is described for crops, crop sequences, and management systems representative of western Canada. An experimentally designed set of EPIC simulations were performed to generate erosion output that was used to construct wind and water erosion metamodels (response functions). The results of the EPIC simulations indicate that wind and water erosion would be the dominant erosion problem over most of Saskatchewan and Manitoba. For Alberta, water erosion was predicted to be the dominant problem, except for the southern portion of the province. Erosion impacts were sensitive to tillage and cropping patterns. EPIC-predicted yields did not vary much across tillage, a result consistent with measured observations. However, the EPIC yield estimates tend to be higher than previous average census yields used in CRAM. The model also appears to underpredict yields of crops grown on fallow in the more humid regions of the Prairies. The wind and water erosion metamodels estimated for the three provinces are very robust, with the majority possessing R2 values in the range of 0.80 to 0.97. The predictive power of the metamodels is confirmed in validation tests comparing metamodel output with the original simulation data. The efficiency of the metamodels in facilitating the integration of the complete policy modeling system is described. Finally, the process of aggregating environmental indicators, estimated with the metamodels, from the landscape polygon level to ARAs and ultimately to the CRAM region level is also described.
Modeling Consumption with Limited Dependent Variables: Applications to Pork and Cheese
Creators: name: Yen, Steven T.
name: Jensen, Helen H.
name: Yen, Steven T.
name: Jensen, Helen H.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1995
Subjects: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety

description: The double-hurdle and infrequency-of-purchase models are applied to pork and cheese consumption using the 1987-88 Nationwide Food Consumption Survey data. The models are generalized with the inverse hyperbolic sine transformation in the dependent variable, and this transformation results in a more flexible parameterization and error distribution than the untransformed models. Nonnested LR tests suggest that the IHS double-hurdle model provides better characterization of the data-generating process in household pork consumption than the IHS infrequency-of-purchase model but the elasticities derived from these models are similar. For household cheese consumption, the two models fit the data equally well. The IHS double-hurdle model and the IHS infrequency-of-purchase model generate very similar elasticities. Own-price effects on the probability and level of consumption are negative and significant for both pork and cheese, while income and cross-price effects are not significant. Household age composition, education, gender of meal planner, and race are among the demographic variables that affect consumption.
Identifying limits of ideals of points in the case of projective space
Creators: name: Mańdziuk, Tomasz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14C05 (Primary) 14N07 (Secondary)

description: We study the closure of the locus of radical ideals in the multigraded Hilbert scheme associated with a standard graded polynomial ring and the Hilbert function of a homogeneous coordinate ring of points in general position in projective space. In the case of projective plane, we give a sufficient condition for an ideal to be in the closure of the locus of radical ideals. For projective space of arbitrary dimension we present a necessary condition. The paper is motivated by the border apolarity lemma which connects such multigraded Hilbert schemes with the theory of ranks of polynomials.
description: Final version published in Linear Algebra and its Applications
Multi-omics analysis of single-cell and spatial transcriptomes in human Alzheimer's disease
Creators: name: 贺又喆(Youzhe He)
Publisher: name: CNGB
Year: 2024
Subjects: Transcriptome or Gene expression
Other
human brain
Medical

description: Brain is the most complex tissues, synaptic connection and glial cells to form neurons through complex neural network, perform a variety of important physiological functions. Expert witnesses the type of brain cell, draw important major cell types of the spatial distribution of the whole brain atlas, gene expression regulation of space mapping, will reveal the basic principles of spatial structure of the brain and for systematically expounds the working principle of the brain to lay the solid foundation. This project combined with single cell RNA, Stereo - Seq drawing multiple omics technologies such as state of different development stages of different cell types of high-precision three-dimensional spatial distribution map. These findings will provide a basic framework for exploring the neural circuits related to higher cognition, and provide important data resources for understanding the key molecules regulating cell differentiation, migration, and connection during human brain development and the pathogenesis of complex neurological diseases. Therefore, this project has important scientific significance, potential practical value and economic benefits.
Massive IIA supergravities
Creators: name: Tsimpis, Dimitrios
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We perform a systematic search for all possible massive deformations of IIA supergravity in ten dimensions. We show that there exist exactly two possibilities: Romans supergravity and Howe-Lambert-West supergravity. Along the way we give the full details of the ten-dimensional superspace formulation of the latter. The scalar superfield at canonical mass dimension zero (whose lowest component is the dilaton), present in both Romans and massless IIA supergravities, is not introduced from the outset but its existence follows from a certain integrability condition implied by the Bianchi identities. This fact leads to the possibility for a certain topological modification of massless IIA, reflecting an analogous situation in eleven dimensions.
description: 35 pages; v2: typos corrected, added eq. (A4)
Shell to shell energy transfer in MHD, Part II: Kinematic dynamo
Creators: name: Mininni, Pablo D.
name: Alexakis, Alexandros
name: Pouquet, Annick
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the transfer of energy between different scales for forced three-dimensional MHD turbulent flows in the kinematic dynamo regime. Two different forces are examined: a non-helical Taylor Green flow with magnetic Prandtl number P_M=0.4, and a helical ABC flow with P_M=1. This analysis allows us to examine which scales of the velocity flow are responsible for dynamo action, and identify which scales of the magnetic field receive energy directly from the velocity field and which scales receive magnetic energy through the cascade of the magnetic field from large to small scales. Our results show that the turbulent velocity fluctuations are responsible for the magnetic field amplification in the small scales (small scale dynamo) while the large scale field is amplified mostly due to the large scale flow. A direct cascade of the magnetic field energy from large to small scales is also present and is a complementary mechanism for the increase of the magnetic field in the small scales. Input of energy from the velocity field in the small magnetic scales dominates over the energy that is cascaded down from the large scales until the large-scale peak of the magnetic energy spectrum is reached. At even smaller scales, most of the magnetic energy input is from the cascading process.
description: Submitted to PRE
Charge density waves and their transitions in anisotropic quantum Hall systems
Creators: name: He, Yuchi
name: Yang, Kang
name: Goerbig, Mark Oliver
name: Mong, Roger S. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In recent experiments, external anisotropy has been a useful tool to tune different phases and study their competitions. In this paper, we look at the quantum Hall charge density wave states in the $N=2$ Landau level. Without anisotropy, there are two first-order phase transitions between the Wigner crystal, the $2$-electron bubble phase, and the stripe phase. By adding mass anisotropy, our analytical and numerical studies show that the $2$-electron bubble phase disappears and the stripe phase significantly enlarges its domain in the phase diagram. Meanwhile, a regime of stripe crystals that may be observed experimentally is unveiled after the bubble phase gets out. Upon increase of the anisotropy, the energy of the phases at the transitions becomes progressively smooth as a function of the filling. We conclude that all first-order phase transitions are replaced by continuous phase transitions, providing a possible realisation of continuous quantum crystalline phase transitions.
description: 13+3 pages, 6 figures
What Can the United States Learn from Spain's Pork Sector? Implications from a Comparative Economic Analysis
Creators: name: Lence, Sergio H.
name: Lence, Sergio H.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Industrial Organization
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: comparative analysis
subject: hog marketing channel
subject: Spain pork industry
subject: U.S. pork industry

description: This study provides a comparative economic analysis of the primary production of pork and its marketing channel in Spain and the United States. The focus on Spain is due to the profound growth and transformation of its pork sector over the last 20 years, compared with other major players in the world market for pig meat. The analysis reveals a number of similar characteristics but also important differences between the two countries. The significant expansion of Spain's pork production sector stemmed from a number of factors that apply, to a relatively large extent, to some U.S. states (in particular, North Carolina) but do not apply to the U.S. pork production sector as a whole. This implies that it is unlikely that the U.S. pork production sector as a whole will mimic an expansion driven by the same type of factors in the future. Likewise, it seems highly unlikely that the U.S. consumption of pig meat will expand in the future based on the same driving forces behind the sharp increase in Spain's domestic demand for pig meat over the last 20 years. The analysis also indicates that Spanish pig producers are currently being subjected to more stringent environmental and animal welfare regulations than their U.S. counterparts and that these regulations are becoming increasingly more restrictive. It would not be surprising to see similar trends emerging in the United States, leading to a substantially more restrictive regulatory environment for U.S. hog producers.
A Comparative Marketing Analysis of Major Agricultural Products in the United States and Argentina
Creators: name: Lence, Sergio H.
name: Lence, Sergio H.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: agricultural commodities
subject: agricultural markets
subject: Argentina versus United States
subject: commercialization
subject: comparative economic analysis
subject: grains
subject: livestock
subject: marketing channels
subject: production technology

description: Interest is high in Argentina as an emerging economic power in the Americas. This paper analyzes issues pertinent to the relative advantages and disadvantages between the United States and Argentina for producing, transporting, processing, and marketing major agricultural commodities in the context of distribution to significant global markets. Designed as a tool for agribusiness students and prospective investment and trade partners, it provides a side-by-side analysis of major U.S. and Argentine agricultural commodities. All facts and figures are in U.S. currency and common U.S. (avoirdupois) weights and measures. Also from a comparative perspective, it defines the differences in technologies between the countries and examines in detail the marketing channels for grains (corn, soybeans, wheat, and sunflower) and livestock (beef and pork).
Transcriptome data of GbERF4 overexpression in Ginkgo biloba leaves
Creators: name: 郑嘉瑞(Jia-Rui Zheng)
Publisher: name: CNGB
Year: 2024
Subjects: Raw sequence reads
Transcriptome or Gene expression
Multiisolate

description: Transcriptome data of GbERF4 overexpression in Ginkgo biloba leaves
ASSESSING THE FEASIBILITY OF PROCESSING AND MARKETING NICHE SOY OIL
Creators: name: Lence, Sergio H.
name: Agarwal, Sanjeev
name: Lence, Sergio H.
name: Agarwal, Sanjeev
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: Agribusiness
subject: high-energy non-GM soy meal
subject: natural soy oil
subject: niche soy oil
subject: non-genetically modified soybeans

description: Demand in the marketplace for foods with "natural" attributes, such as organic produce, continues to grow. Similarly, interest has developed in creating a technology that allows "physical" rather than chemical refinement of soybean oil to create a "natural" soy oil product. The physical refinement of non-genetically modified (non-GM) soybeans greatly strengthens the marketing claim to natural properties for that product. The oil derived in this manner, designated here as "niche soy oil," and its related inputs (non-GM soybeans) and by-products (high-energy non-GM soy meal) are the objects of our analysis. We find premiums of $0.03 to $0.43 per pound for niche soy oil compared to commodity soy oil. However, our price analysis suggests that only relatively optimistic combinations of premiums for niche soy oil, non-GM soybeans, and high-energy non-GM meal result in spreads above the estimated minimum economically feasible level.
Macrogenome analysis of patients with severe pneumonia
Creators: name: 黄伸伸(Shen-Shen Huang)
Publisher: name: CNGB
Year: 2025
Subjects: Metagenome
Multispecies
Medical

description: This data is generated in the process of clinical practice. It is related to the macrogenomic analysis of patients with severe pneumonia. We carry out group analysis and find characteristic microorganisms according to the different characteristics of patients.
Thermal Evolution of a Pulsating Neutron Star
Creators: name: Gusakov, M. E.
name: Yakovlev, D. G.
name: Gnedin, O. Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have derived a set of equations to describe the thermal evolution of a neutron star which undergoes small-amplitude radial pulsations. We have taken into account, in the frame of the General Theory of Relativity, the pulsation damping due to the bulk and shear viscosity and the accompanying heating of the star. The neutrino emission of a pulsating non-superfluid star and its heating due to the bulk viscosity are calculated assuming that both processes are determined by the non-equilibrium modified Urca process. Analytical and numerical solutions to the set of equations of the stellar evolution are obtained for linear and strongly non-linear deviations from beta-equilibrium. It is shown that a pulsating star may be heated to very high temperatures, while the pulsations damp very slowly with time (a power law damping for 100-1000 years), as long as the damping is determined by the bulk viscosity. The contribution of the shear viscosity to the damping becomes important in a rather cool star with a low pulsation energy.
description: 10 pages, 3 figures, an important reference to the paper by Finzi & Wolf (1968) is added; analytical consideration of the problem (Section 5) is essentially extended
LESSONS LEARNED FROM THE CANADIAN CATTLE INDUSTRY: NATIONAL ANIMAL IDENTIFICATION AND THE MAD COW
Creators: name: Lawrence, John D.
name: Strohbehn, Daryl
name: Loy, Daniel D.
name: Clause, Reginald J.
name: Lawrence, John D.
name: Strohbehn, Daryl
name: Loy, Daniel D.
name: Clause, Reginald J.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: Production Economics
subject: animal identification
subject: traceability
subject: BSE

description: Canada implemented a national cattle identification system led and developed by the industry. Initially a voluntary program beginning in July 2001, it became mandatory in July 2002 and achieved 92-95 percent compliance by that fall. The system was low cost to initiate and operate and only requires that animals be tagged before leaving the farm of origin and the tags are read when the animal dies or is exported. The national ID system did not protect Canadian cattle from a sole case of BSE, or Mad Cow Disease, found in the spring of 2002, but it did help speed and lend confidence to the investigation. While the ID system was the objective of the study, the team also report on how markets and an industry behave in a crisis.
Radiation Hydrodynamical Simulations of the Birth of Intermediate-Mass Black Holes in the First Galaxies
Creators: name: Latif, Muhammad A.
name: Khochfar, Sadegh
name: Schleicher, Dominik
name: Whalen, Daniel J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The leading contenders for the seeds of $z > 6$ quasars are direct-collapse black holes (DCBHs) forming in atomically-cooled halos at $z \sim$ 20. However, the Lyman-Werner (LW) UV background required to form DCBHs of 10$^5$ \Ms\ are extreme, about 10$^4$ J$_{21}$, and may have been rare in the early universe. Here we investigate the formation of intermediate-mass black holes (IMBHs) under moderate LW backgrounds of 100 and 500 J$_{21}$ that were much more common at early times. These backgrounds allow halos to grow to a few 10$^6$ - 10$^7$ \Ms\ and virial temperatures of nearly 10$^4$ K before collapsing but do not completely sterilize them of H$_2$. Gas collapse then proceeds via Ly$α$ and rapid H$_2$ cooling at rates that are 10 - 50 times those in normal Pop III star-forming haloes but less than those in purely atomically-cooled haloes. Pop III stars accreting at such rates become blue and hot, and we find that their ionizing UV radiation limits their final masses to 1800 - 2800 \Ms\, at which they later collapse to IMBHs. Moderate LW backgrounds thus produced IMBHs in far greater numbers than DCBHs in the early universe.
description: Published in MNRAS, comments welcome
Novel bioformulations for enhancing efficacy of bioagents
Creators: name: Ajesh B R1, Amrutha Lakshmi, M2#, Shaik Javeedvali1, Amjada S Khan3, Hridya Shaji4
Publisher: name: trends in Agriculture Science
Year: 2024

description: In recent years, the development and application of novel bioformulations have revolutionized the field of agriculture by enhancing the efficacy of bioagents. These innovative formulations, derived from natural sources, offer a promising alternative to traditional chemical pesticides and fertilizers. This article delves into the significance of novel bioformulations, their role in improving the performance of bioagents, and their impact on sustainable agricultural practices.
Radio Frequency Identification Tagging as a Mechanism of Creating a Viable Producer's Brand in the Cattle Industry
Creators: name: Mennecke, Brian
name: Townsend, Anthony M.
name: Mennecke, Brian
name: Townsend, Anthony M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: brand marketing
subject: provenance assurance
subject: radio frequency identification (RFID)
subject: traceability

description: This manuscript reports on a project to examine the feasibility of extensive radio frequency identification (RFID) tagging to determine product provenance in the meat production industry. The investigators examined existing technologies and meat production processes as well as emerging technologies in RFID tagging to assess the potential of RFID technologies for provenance assurance. While RFID technologies hold tremendous promise for traceability, the current state of the technology and production process creates challenges for effectively creating full traceability. However, RFID holds tremendous potential for improving processing throughput, which will help make RFID-based traceability more attractive for adoption by meat processors.
Towards real-time finite-strain anisotropic thermo-visco-elastodynamic analysis of soft tissues for thermal ablative therapy
Creators: name: Zhang, Jinao
name: Lay, Remi Jacob
name: Roberts, Stuart K.
name: Chauhan, Sunita
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science (cs.CE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Accurate and efficient prediction of soft tissue temperatures is essential to computer-assisted treatment systems for thermal ablation. It can be used to predict tissue temperatures and ablation volumes for personalised treatment planning and image-guided intervention. Numerically, it requires full nonlinear modelling of the coupled computational bioheat transfer and biomechanics, and efficient solution procedures; however, existing studies considered the bioheat analysis alone or the coupled linear analysis, without the fully coupled nonlinear analysis. We present a coupled thermo-visco-hyperelastic finite element algorithm, based on finite-strain thermoelasticity and total Lagrangian explicit dynamics. It considers the coupled nonlinear analysis of (i) bioheat transfer under soft tissue deformations and (ii) soft tissue deformations due to thermal expansion/shrinkage. The presented method accounts for anisotropic, finite-strain, temperature-dependent, thermal, and viscoelastic behaviours of soft tissues, and it is implemented using GPU acceleration for real-time computation. We also demonstrate the translational benefits of the presented method for clinical applications using a simulation of thermal ablation in the liver. The key advantage of the presented method is that it enables full nonlinear modelling of the anisotropic, finite-strain, temperature-dependent, thermal, and viscoelastic behaviours of soft tissues, instead of linear elastic, linear viscoelastic, and thermal-only modelling in the existing methods. It also provides high computational speeds for computer-assisted treatment systems towards enabling the operator to simulate thermal ablation accurately and visualise tissue temperatures and ablation zones immediately.
description: Submitted to Computer Methods and Programs in Biomedicine
Attitudes Towards and Satisfaction with Cooperatives in Alberta: A Survey Analysis
Creators: name: Dakurah, Henry A.
name: Goddard, Ellen W.
name: Osuteye, Nicholas
name: Dakurah, Henry A.
name: Goddard, Ellen W.
name: Osuteye, Nicholas
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: Institutional and Behavioral Economics

description: The purpose of the study is to assess the attitude towards, and satisfaction of residents of Alberta to their cooperatives. A mailed questionnaire to 1500 Alberta residents, with a 16% response rate is analyzed using Likert scales and the theory of planned behavior. The majority of the respondents are males, aged 45 or older, and earn incomes of $49,000 or less. They are reasonably educated with a high school, college or university degrees. Results of the analysis also show a population that has a general positive attitude towards and is satisfied with their cooperatives as is reflected in assessing the performance of their cooperatives as good. Further analysis using the theory of planned behaviour show that respondents' attitude towards their cooperatives is the single most important and significant predictor of their patronization behaviour. However, there are still issues of concern to be addressed for current and past members. These include the inability of management to include members in the decision making process as well as issues of member training and education for the current members, and for the former members who left because they found the experience not rewarding or unable to use the services of their cooperatives when they moved.
Two-Part Tax Controls for Forest Density and Rotation Time
Creators: name: Brown, J. Bradley
name: Brown, J. Bradley
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: Two-Part Tax
subject: Forestry
subject: Clear-cutting
subject: Optimal Rotation
subject: Externalities
subject: Optimal Harvest

description: Many forest amenities are derived not only from the age of the trees, but also from the density of the trees. When an externality such as erosion control is considered, clear-cutting results in much larger damages than occur with selective cutting. This paper extends current methodology, allowing firms to optimize over both rotation time and the commercial use percentage per acre. A two-part instrument, a "clear-cut" tax combined with a lump sum "licensing fee", controls for commercial use percentage and rotation time in a firm that does not internalize non-timber benefits. Optimal taxes are presented that correct the firm's suboptimal behavior. A two-part instrument is shown to remedy market failure when a private firm clear-cuts and harvests too soon, and when an overgrown forest is not privately optimal to maintain. Numerical analysis on a simple case, simulating a forest where the externality is erosion control shows the clear-cut tax policy's relevance for a variety of erosion severity scenarios and interest rates.
Hawking--Page phase transitions of the black holes in a cavity
Creators: name: Zhao, Wen-Bo
name: Liu, Guo-Rong
name: Li, Nan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Hawking--Page phase transitions of the Schwarzschild and charged black holes are investigated in an extended phase space, in which the black holes are enclosed in a spherical cavity of radius $r_B$ in asymptotically flat space. An effective thermodynamic volume $V=4πr_B^3/3$ is introduced for the black hole, and an effective pressure $p$ is defined as the conjugate variable of $V$. The phase transition temperature $T_{\rm HP}$ and the Gibbs free energy $G$ are systematically studied in a grand canonical ensemble with fixed electric potential $Φ$, and $T_{\rm HP}$ is found to increase with $p$ and decrease with $Φ$. If the phase transition occurs, $Φ$ must have an upper bound, such that the cavity radius is always larger than the black hole horizon radius. These phase transition behaviors are further compared to those in the anti-de Sitter space, and the remarkable similarities and notable differences are also discussed in depth. Our work reveals the relationship of the thermodynamic properties of black holes and their specific boundary conditions in different extended phase spaces.
description: 20 pages, 5 figures
How Should We Value Agricultural Insurance Contracts
Creators: name: Myers, Robert J.
name: Liu, Yanyan
name: Hanson, Steven D.
name: Myers, Robert J.
name: Liu, Yanyan
name: Hanson, Steven D.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: Risk and Uncertainty

description: We argue that existing agricultural insurance valuation models are limited either because they are not complete equilibrium models that price the non-diversifiable risk involved in issuing insurance contracts, or they assume complete markets which appears at odds with most applications of agricultural insurance. We also propose two new incomplete market models and derive an insurance valuation formula for each under the assumption of constant relative risk aversion preferences and lognormally distributed random variables. The two models differ in the way they treat trade in insurance contracts, with one model allowing insurers and insureds to trade freely on a liquid secondary market, while the other requires insurance firms to act as brokers between insureds (farmers) and the capital market (those who bear the non-diversifiable risk). The two models lead to different valuation formulas and several interesting insights are obtained by comparing our valuation formulas with those used in the existing literature.
The implications of kinaesthetic training on coordination
Creators: name: Gray, Charla Krystine
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Kinaesthetic training is used in many rehabilitation settings to improve kinaesthetic awareness of the injured limb. While this type of training improves one's sense of body awareness, the functional implications of kinaesthetic training remain unknown. The primary goal of this experiment was to explore the effects of kinaesthetic training on one's coordination. The coordination and kinaesthetic awareness of three groups, a control group, an actively trained group and a passively trained group, were tested before and after kinaesthetic training. Each group consisted of seven healthy female volunteers. Only the two training groups participated in four days of kinaesthetic training. In addition the coordination and kinaesthesis of the training groups was retested one and three weeks after the post-training test to measure the retention of the posttraining performance. The results indicate that there was no improvement on the coordination task on the post-training test. In contrast, the results indicate that active kinaesthetic training improves kinaesthetic awareness. However, the improvement in kinaesthetic awareness was not retained on the two retention tests. The findings from this study imply that improving one's sense of body awareness does not simultaneously improve their coordination. Possible explanations for the lack of improvement include various aspects of the training protocol (intensity and duration), the speed of movement and the type of coordination task used in this experiment. In addition, the findings suggest that the mechanisms underlying the improvement in kinaesthetic acuity are temporary and transient.
Scaling of geometric phases close to quantum phase transition in the XY chain
Creators: name: Zhu, Shi-Liang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that geometric phase of the ground state in the XY model obeys scaling behavior in the vicinity of a quantum phase transition. In particular we find that geometric phase is non-analytical and its derivative with respect to the field strength diverges at the critical magnetic field. Furthermore, universality in the critical properties of the geometric phase in a family of models is verified. In addition, since quantum phase transition occurs at a level crossing or avoided level crossing and these level structures can be captured by Berry curvature, the established relation between geometric phase and quantum phase transitions is not a specific property of the XY model, but a very general result of many-body systems.
description: 4 pages
Morse Theory in Field Theory
Creators: name: Koroteev, P.
name: Zayakin, A. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 81T45

description: We describe correlations functions of topological quantum mechanics (TQM) in terms of Morse theory. We review the basics of topological field theories and discuss geometric and algebraic interpretations of TQM. We prove that correlators in TQM can be expressed via intersection numbers of certain submanifolds of the target space with paths of steepest descent between critical points of a Morse function. In the end we conjecture another correspondence between quantum mechanics correlators and integrals of Massey products of certain cohomology classes.
description: updated version
The DPOSS II compact group survey: first spectroscopically confirmed candidates
Creators: name: Pompei, E.
name: de Carvalho, R. R.
name: Iovino, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper presents the results of a pilot redshift survey of 18 candidate compact groups from the distant DPOSS survey that extends the available surveys of compact groups of galaxies to z ~0.2 in redshift, mainly Hickson Compact Groups and Southern Compact Groups. The goal of our survey was to confirm group membership via redshift information and to measure the characteristic parameters of a representative, albeit small, sample of DPOSS survey groups. Of the 18 candidates observed, seven are found to be indeed isolated compact groups, i.e. groups with 3 or more concordant members and with no neighbouring known cluster, while 7 are chance projection configurations on the sky. Three remaining candidates, despite having 3 or more concordant member galaxies, are located in the neighbourhood of known clusters, while another candidate turned out to be a dense sub-condensation within Abell 0952. The median redshift of our 7 confirmed groups is z ~0.12, to be compared with a median redshift of 0.03 for the local sample of compact groups by Hickson. The typical group size is r~ 50 kpc, and the median radial velocity dispersion is 167 km/s, while typical crossing times range from 0.005 H$_{0}^{-1}$ to 0.03 H$_{0}^{-1}$ with a median value of 0.018 H$_{0}^{-1}$, all similar to the values usually found in the literature for such structures in the local universe. The average mass-to-light ratio for our groups, M/L(B), is 92h, higher than the value found for nearby Hickson compact groups but lower than that found for loose groups. Our results suggest that, once full redshift information for its members becomes available, the DPOSS sample will provide a reference sample to study the properties of compact groups beyond the local universe.
description: 20 pages, accepted on A&A