cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
A review of possible effects of cognitive biases on the interpretation of rule-based machine learning models
Creators: name: Kliegr, Tomáš
name: Bahník, Štěpán
name: Fürnkranz, Johannes
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: While the interpretability of machine learning models is often equated with their mere syntactic comprehensibility, we think that interpretability goes beyond that, and that human interpretability should also be investigated from the point of view of cognitive science. The goal of this paper is to discuss to what extent cognitive biases may affect human understanding of interpretable machine learning models, in particular of logical rules discovered from data. Twenty cognitive biases are covered, as are possible debiasing techniques that can be adopted by designers of machine learning algorithms and software. Our review transfers results obtained in cognitive psychology to the domain of machine learning, aiming to bridge the current gap between these two areas. It needs to be followed by empirical studies specifically focused on the machine learning domain.
S-duality in N=2 supersymmetric gauge theories
Creators: name: Argyres, Philip C.
name: Seiberg, Nathan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A solution to the infinite coupling problem for N=2 conformal supersymmetric gauge theories in four dimensions is presented. The infinitely-coupled theories are argued to be interacting superconformal field theories (SCFTs) with weakly gauged flavor groups. Consistency checks of this proposal are found by examining some low-rank examples. As part of these checks, we show how to compute new exact quantities in these SCFTs: the central charges of their flavor current algebras. Also, the isolated rank 1 E_6 and E_7 SCFTs are found as limits of Lagrangian field theories.
description: 25 pages, 3 figures. v3: error in appendix A corrected, reference removed
Extension of holomorphic functions and cohomology classes from non reduced analytic subvarieties
Creators: name: Demailly, Jean-Pierre
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The goal of this survey is to describe some recent results concerning the L 2 extension of holomorphic sections or cohomology classes with values in vector bundles satisfying weak semi-positivity properties. The results presented here are generalized versions of the Ohsawa-Takegoshi extension theorem, and borrow many techniques from the long series of papers by T. Ohsawa. The recent achievement that we want to point out is that the surjectivity property holds true for restriction morphisms to non necessarily reduced subvarieties, provided these are defined as zero varieties of multiplier ideal sheaves. The new idea involved to approach the existence problem is to make use of L 2 approximation in the Bochner-Kodaira technique. The extension results hold under curvature conditions that look pretty optimal. However, a major unsolved problem is to obtain natural (and hopefully best possible) L 2 estimates for the extension in the case of non reduced subvarieties -- the case when Y has singularities or several irreducible components is also a substantial issue.
description: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1703.00292, arXiv:1510.05230
Complex projective scheme approach to the geometrical structures of multipartite quantum systems
Creators: name: Heydari, Hoshang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, I will discuss the geometrical structures of multipartite quantum systems based on complex projective schemes. In particular, I will explicitly construct multi-qubit states in terms of these schemes and also discuss separability and entanglement of bipartite and multipartite quantum states. These results give some geometrical insight to the fascinating quantum mechanical phenomena of entanglement which is fundamentally important and has many applications in the field of quantum computing.
description: 5 pages
Is region-of-interest overlap comparison a reliable measure of category specificity?
Creators: name: C  Kung
name: Peissig, Jessie J.
name: Tarr, Michael J.
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: 170199 Psychology not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: Analysis of the degree of overlap between functional magnetic resonance imaging-derived regions of interest (ROIs) has been used to assess the functional convergence and/or segregation of category-selective brain areas. An examination of the extant literature reveals no consistent usage for how such overlap is calculated, nor any systematic comparison between different methods. We argue that how ROI overlap is computed, especially the choice of the denominator in the formula, can profoundly affect the results and interpretation of such an analysis. To do this, we compared the overlap of the FFA-FFA (fusiform face area) and FFA-FGA (fusiform Greeble-selective area) in a localizer study testing both Greeble novices and experts. When using a single ROI as the denominator, we found a significant difference in FFA-FFA versus FFA-FGA overlap, consistent with the result of a previous study arguing for face specificity of the FFA [Rhodes, G., Byatt, G., Michie, P. T., & Puce, A. Is the fusiform face area specialized for faces, individuation, or expert individuation? J Cogn Neurosci, 16, 189-203, 2004]. However, these ROI overlap differences disappeared when the denominator combined both of the involved ROIs, and the patterns of such overlap comparisons were dependent on given statistical thresholds. We also found proportionally decreasing FFA-FFA overlap with increasing center-of-FFA distance, resolving an apparent contradiction between the consistency of the location of the FFA and the seemingly low FFA-FFA overlap. Finally, Monte Carlo simulations revealed the most stable formula-the most resistant to ROI size variations-to be the average of the two single-ROI-denominator-based overlap indices. In sum, ROI overlap analy sis is not a reliable tool for assessing category specificity, and caution should be exercised with regard to ROI overlap definition, underlying assumptions, and interpretation.
Cissidium modestum Darby 2020, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Darby, Michael
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Ptiliidae
Cissidium
Cissidium modestum

description: Cissidium modestum sp. nov.
urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 54EC643C-B544-4F30-9B34-4C978304D294
Fig. 111
Etymology
Johnson ms name, after the Latin adjective modestus meaning sober, restrained.
Material examined
Holotype MALAYSIA • ♂; Selangor, Gombak, vicinity of University of Malaya Field Station, 9 th mile; 9 Feb. 1967; D.H. Murphy leg.; FMNH.
Description
SIZE. Habitus (Fig. 111A), length 0.57 mm.
COLOUR. Dark red brown, pubescence, legs and antennae dusky yellow.
HEAD. With two slightly elongate setose foveolae inside eyes, width across eyes 0.18 mm; antennomeres III–XI length 0.27 mm, III–IX length 0.13 mm, X–XI length 0.14 mm globular; mentum and prementum obscured.
PRONOTUM. Length 0.15 mm, width 0.22 mm, sparsely pubescent with a row of ten foveae along the base and 3 or 4 smaller ones scattered on the disc; sides rounded, almost parallel-sided posteriad to rectangular hind angles, bordered, the border not continuing along the posterior margin, medial emargination in front of scutellum sinuous, barely marked (Fig. 111B).
ELYTRA. Length 0.37 mm, width 0.28 mm, pubescent and foveolate markedly contrasting with the pronotum.
MESOVENTRITE. Median process of mesoventral collar short; mid-keel widest anteriorly, the posterior angles stopping just short of the mesocoxal anterior borders, raised sharply to a medial blunt point before joining the keel; keel with ± four setae, narrow anteriorly, wider and more rounded posteriorly, terminating below the mid-point of the mesocoxae; mesoventral lateral margins serrate posteriorly; humeri toothed (Fig. 111C).
METAVENTRITE. Length 0.11 mm, setose, disc simple, width across spines 0.09 mm spines. WINGS. Macropterous.
GENITALIA. Male aedeagus as Fig. 6 Fa–b but slightly longer. Females not known.
Remarks
This is the only species of Cissidium from Malaysia in this group.
description: Published as part of Darby, Michael, 2020, A revision of Cissidium Motschulsky (Coleoptera: Ptiliidae) with seventy seven new species, pp. 1-188 in European Journal of Taxonomy 622 on pages 177-178, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2020.622, http://zenodo.org/record/3777282
MPEC 2024-D111 : 2024 DP1
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2024 DP1

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
title: 02_0614
Creators: name: Wesley Baldwin, John
name: Baldwin, John W.
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: LaMOP
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris

description: L'ensemble de ces notes ont été crée par John Baldwin lors d'une de ses premières périodes de résidence à Paris. Ces documents comprennent tous les magistri qu’il avait pu rencontrer dans ses sources. Aux XIIème et XIIIème siècles, les universités n'existant pas encore, le titre de magister s'il évoque certainement une compétence n'est pas rattaché de façon systématique au passage par les écoles. De surcroît, les magistris sont le plus souvent désignés par leur seul prénom. La lecture de ces données est donc difficile et suppose un long travail pour tenter d'identifier un individu auquel on pourrait rattacher plusieurs mentions. John Baldwin avait donc renoncé à utiliser ces données pour donner un prolongement à sa magnifique étude sur les gradués d'université et leur emploi par les Capétiens et les Plantagenêts. Néanmoins, il a conservé ces données et elles sont potentiellement très utile dans le cadre de Studium, comme le sont toutes les mentions dans les volumes des Fasti Ecclesiae Gallicanae de chanoines portant ce titre de magister sans autres précisions. L'ampleur des dépouillements rend ces données très utiles et nous devons une grande reconnaissance à John Baldwin pour avoir pris la peine de faire photocopier ses fiches et de nous les avoir transmises amicalement.
Les données ainsi que les images des fiches sont accessibles sur le site Internet à l'adresse suivante : http://studium-baldwin.lamop.fr/.
Les transcriptions des fiches ont été effectuées par des étudiants de Paris 1 Panthéon - Sorbonne mais elles n'ont pas été corrigées par la suite.
description: Relation: https://lamop.hypotheses.org/
Is it beneficial to involve a family member? A meta-analysis of psychosocial interventions for chronic illness.
Creators: name: Martire, Lynn M.
name: Lustig, Amy P.
name: Schulz, Richard
name: Miller, Gregory
name: Helgeson, Vicki
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: 170199 Psychology not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: Links between chronic illness and family relationships have led to psychosocial interventions targeted at the patient's closest family member or both patient and family member. The authors conducted a meta-analytic review of randomized studies comparing these interventions with usual medical care (k=70), focusing on patient outcomes (depression, anxiety, relationship satisfaction, disability, and mortality) and family member outcomes (depression, anxiety, relationship satisfaction, and caregiving burden). Among patients, interventions had positive effects on depression when the spouse was included and, in some cases, on mortality. Among family members, positive effects were found for caregiving burden, depression, and anxiety; these effects were strongest for nondementing illnesses and for interventions that targeted only the family member and that addressed relationship issues. Although statistically significant aggregate effects were found, they were generally small in magnitude. These findings provide guidance in developing future interventions in this area.
Coulomb interaction and electron-hole asymmetry in cyclotron resonance of bilayer graphene in high magnetic field
Creators: name: Bisti, V. E.
name: Kirova, N. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Inter-Landau-level transitions in the bilayer graphene at high perpendicular magnetic field at the filling-factor v<<1 have been studied. The next-nearest-neighbor transitions, energy difference between dimer and non-dimer sites and layer asymmetry are included. The influence of Coulomb interaction is taken into account. The magnetoplasmon excitations in bilayer graphene at small momenta are considered in the frame of the Hartree-Fock approximation. It is shown that asymmetry in cyclotron resonance of clean bilayer graphene depends on magnetic field. At lower magnetic fields the energy splitting in the spectrum is due to electron-hole one-particle asymmetry, at higher magnetic fields the energy splitting in the spectrum is due to Coulomb interaction. For the fullsymmetric case with half-filled zero-energy levels the energy splitting proportional to the energy of Coulomb interaction is found both for bilayer and monolayer graphene.
description: 6 pages, 2 figures
Is finding something good in the bad always good? Benefit finding among women with breast cancer.
Creators: name: Tomich, Patricia L.
name: Helgeson, Vicki
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: 170199 Psychology not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: The correlates and consequences of benefit finding on quality of life were examined for 364 women (93% Caucasian, 6% African American, and 1% Hispanic) diagnosed with Stage I, II, and III breast cancer. Benefit finding and quality of life were measured 4 months postdiagnosis (Tl), 3 months after Tl (T2), and 6 months after T2 (T3). Women with lower socioeconomic status, minorities, and those with more severe disease perceived more benefits at baseline. Benefit finding was associated with more negative affect at baseline and also interacted with stage of disease, such that negative relations to quality of life across time were limited to those with more severe disease. Findings suggest there are qualifiers as to whether "finding something good in the bad" is good or bad.
Lorentz Invariance Violation and Symmetry in Randers--Finsler Spaces
Creators: name: Chang, Zhe
name: Li, Xin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Lorentz Invariance violation is a common feature of new physics beyond the standard model. We show that the symmetry of Randers spaces deduces a modified dispersion relation with characteristics of Lorentz Invariance violation. The counterparts of the Lorentz transformation in the Einstein's Special Relativity are presented explicitly. The coordinate transformations are unitary and form a group. Generators and algebra satisfied by them are different from usual Lorentz ones. The Randersian line element as well as speed of light is invariant under the transformations. In particular, there is another invariant speed which may be related with Planck scale and the mass of moving particle. Thus, the Randers spaces is a suitable framework to discuss the Lorentz Invariance violation.
description: 8 pages, accepted for publication in Phys. Lett. B
Is color an intrinsic property of object representation?
Creators: name: Naor-Raz, Galit
name: Tarr, Michael J.
name: Kersten, Daniel
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: 170199 Psychology not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: The role of color in object representation was examined by using a variation of the Stroop paradigm in which observers named the displayed colors of objects or words. In experiment 1, colors of color-diagnostic objects were manipulated to be either typical or atypical of the object (eg a yellow banana versus a purple banana). A Stroop-like effect was obtained, with faster color-naming times for the typical as compared to the atypical condition. In experiment 2, naming colors on words specifying these same color-diagnostic objects reversed this pattern, with the typical condition producing longer response times than the atypical condition. In experiment 3, a blocked condition design that used the same words and colors as experiment 2 produced the standard Stroop-like facilitation for the typical condition. These results indicate that color is an intrinsic property of an object's representation at multiple levels. In experiment 4, we examined the specific level(s) at which color-shape associations arise by following the tasks used in experiments 1 and 2 with a lexical-decision task in which some items were conceptually related to items shown during color naming (eg banana/monkey). Priming for these associates was observed following color naming of words, but not pictures, providing further evidence that the color-shape associations responsible for the differing effects obtained in experiments 1 and 2 are due to the automatic activation of color-shape associations at different levels of representation.
A random matrix perspective of cultural structure: groups or redundancies?
Creators: name: Băbeanu, Alexandru-Ionuţ
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Recent studies have highlighted interesting structural properties of empirical cultural states: collections of cultural traits sequences of real individuals. Matrices of similarity between individuals may be constructed from these states, allowing for further structural insights to be gained using concepts from random matrix theory, approach first exploited in this study. For generating random matrices that are appropriate as a structureless reference, we propose a null model that enforces, on average, the empirical occurrence frequency of each possible trait. With respect to this null model, the empirical matrices show deviating eigenvalues, which may be signatures of subtle cultural groups. However, they can conceivably also be artifacts of arbitrary redundancies between cultural variables. We first study this possibility in a highly simplified setting, using a toy model that enforces a certain level of redundancy in a minimally-biased way, in parallel with another toy model that enforces group structure. By analyzing and comparing cultural states generated with these toy models, we show that a deviating eigenvalue can indeed be a redundancy signature, which can be distinguished from a grouping signature by evaluating the uniformity of the entries of the respective eigenvector, as well as the uniformity-based compatibility with the null model. For empirical data, the eigenvector uniformities of all deviating eigenvalues are shown to be compatible with the null model, apparently suggesting that we are not dealing with genuine group structure. However, we demonstrate that some deviating eigenvalues might actually be due to authentic groups that are internally non-uniform. A generic procedure for distinguishing such groups from redundancy artifacts requires further research.
description: 31 pages, 18 figures. Added analysis and insights related to internally non-uniform groups, as well as proof of positive semidefiniteness. Adjusted everything else accordingly (especially abstract, introduction, discussion and conclusion)
Additional file 1: of Heterogeneous development of methanogens and the correlation with bacteria in the rumen and cecum of sika deer (Cervus nippon) during early life suggest different ecology relevance
Creators: name: Li, Zhipeng
name: Wang, Xiaoxu
name: Zhang, Ting
name: Si, Huazhe
name: Xu, Chao
name: Wright, AndrĂŠ-Denis
name: Li, Guangyu
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology

description: Figure S1. Bacterial community composition at phylum level in rumen of sika deer at 1 day, 42 days and 72 days. (PDF 154 kb)
title: Mitigating pro-poor housing failures: Access theory and the politics of urban governance
Creators: name: Mielke, Katja
name: Cermeño, Helena
Publisher: name: Universität Kassel
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: access theory
subject: evolutionary governance theory
subject: Lahore
subject: low-income housing
subject: Pakistan
subject: planning
subject: power
subject: pro-poor housing
subject: steering
subject: urban politics
subject: 320
subject: Pakistan
subject: Politik
subject: Stadtverwaltung
subject: Steuerung
subject: Wohnraum
subject: Armut

description: Gefördert durch den Publikationsfonds der Universität Kassel
A Tool for Analysis and Synthesis of Heterogeneous Multi-agent Systems under Rank-deficient Coupling
Creators: name: Lee, Jin Gyu
name: Shim, Hyungbo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: Multiagent Systems (cs.MA)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The behavior of heterogeneous multi-agent systems is studied when the coupling matrices are possibly all different and/or singular, that is, its rank is less than the system dimension. Rank-deficient coupling allows exchange of limited state information, which is suitable for the study of multi-agent systems under output coupling. We present a coordinate change that transforms the heterogeneous multi-agent system into a singularly perturbed form. The slow dynamics is still a reduced-order multi-agent system consisting of a weighted average of the vector fields of all agents, and some sub-dynamics of agents. The weighted average is an emergent dynamics, which we call a blended dynamics. By analyzing or synthesizing the blended dynamics, one can predict or design the behavior of a heterogeneous multi-agent system when the coupling gain is sufficiently large. For this result, stability of the blended dynamics is required. Since stability of the individual agent is not asked, the stability of the blended dynamics is the outcome of trading off the stability among the agents. It can be seen that, under the stability of the blended dynamics, the initial conditions of the individual agents are forgotten as time goes on, and thus, the behavior of the synthesized multi-agent system is initialization-free and is suitable for plug-and-play operation. As a showcase, we apply the proposed tool to four application problems; distributed state estimation for linear systems, practical synchronization of heterogeneous Van der Pol oscillators, estimation of the number of nodes in a network, and a problem of distributed optimization.
Entstehung und Wert der Separationskarten in der preußischen Provinz Sachsen und in Anhalt
Creators: name: Reichert, Frank
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Cadastre
Enclosure
History of surveying

description: Sowohl im Königreich Preußen als auch in den anhaltischen Fürstentümern ging die Bauernbefreiung im Zuge der Agrarreformen des frühen 19. Jahrhunderts mit vielfältigen Auseinandersetzungsaufgaben einher, die landläufig unter dem Sammelbegriff „Separationen“ zusammengefasst werden. Als Grundlage für die damit verbundenen Eigentumsregulierungen entstanden im Laufe der Zeit zahllose Separationskarten, die schließlich einen Großteil der Landesterritorien abdeckten. Bei der Einrichtung des preußischen Grundsteuerkatasters im Jahr 1865 konnte daher ganz überwiegend auf vorhandene Separationskarten zurückgegriffen werden. Und auch im vereinigten Herzogtum Anhalt wurden ab 1868 die ersten Katasterkarten von Separationskarten kopiert. Grund genug, sich näher mit Entstehung und Wert jener Karten zu befassen, auf die unser heutiges Liegenschaftskataster in seinen Anfängen zurückgeht.
Steering hyper-giants' traffic at scale
Creators: name: Pujol, Enric
name: Poese, Ingmar
name: Zerwas, Johannes
name: Smaragdakis, Georgios
name: Feldmann, Anja
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Berlin
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 000 Informatik, Informationswissenschaft, allgemeine Werke
subject: CDN-ISP collaboration
subject: traffic engineering
subject: inter-domain traffic
subject: cross-layer
subject: operational experience

description: Large content providers, known as hyper-giants, are responsible for sending the majority of the content traffic to consumers. These hyper-giants operate highly distributed infrastructures to cope with the ever-increasing demand for online content. To achieve 40 commercial-grade performance of Web applications, enhanced end-user experience, improved reliability, and scaled network capacity, hyper-giants are increasingly interconnecting with eyeball networks at multiple locations. This poses new challenges for both (1) the eyeball networks having to perform complex inbound traffic engineering, and (2) hyper-giants having to map end-user requests to appropriate servers. We report on our multi-year experience in designing, building, rolling-out, and operating the first-ever large scale system, the Flow Director, which enables automated cooperation between one of the largest eyeball networks and a leading hyper-giant. We use empirical data collected at the eyeball network to evaluate its impact over two years of operation. We find very high compliance of the hyper-giant to the Flow Director’s recommendations, resulting in (1) close to optimal user-server mapping, and (2) 15% reduction of the hyper-giant’s traffic overhead on the ISP’s long-haul links, i.e., benefits for both parties and end-users alike.
Estimating and understanding exponential random graph models
Creators: name: Chatterjee, Sourav
name: Diaconis, Persi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce a method for the theoretical analysis of exponential random graph models. The method is based on a large-deviations approximation to the normalizing constant shown to be consistent using theory developed by Chatterjee and Varadhan [European J. Combin. 32 (2011) 1000-1017]. The theory explains a host of difficulties encountered by applied workers: many distinct models have essentially the same MLE, rendering the problems ``practically'' ill-posed. We give the first rigorous proofs of ``degeneracy'' observed in these models. Here, almost all graphs have essentially no edges or are essentially complete. We supplement recent work of Bhamidi, Bresler and Sly [2008 IEEE 49th Annual IEEE Symposium on Foundations of Computer Science (FOCS) (2008) 803-812 IEEE] showing that for many models, the extra sufficient statistics are useless: most realizations look like the results of a simple Erdős-Rényi model. We also find classes of models where the limiting graphs differ from Erdős-Rényi graphs. A limitation of our approach, inherited from the limitation of graph limit theory, is that it works only for dense graphs.
description: Published in at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/13-AOS1155 the Annals of Statistics (http://www.imstat.org/aos/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
On the convergence of iterative solvers for polygonal discontinuous Galerkin discretizations
Creators: name: Pazner, Will
name: Persson, Per-Olof
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We study the convergence of iterative linear solvers for discontinuous Galerkin discretizations of systems of hyperbolic conservation laws with polygonal mesh elements compared with that of traditional triangular elements. We solve the semi-discrete system of equations by means of an implicit time discretization method, using iterative solvers such as the block Jacobi method and GMRES. We perform a von Neumann analysis to analytically study the convergence of the block Jacobi method for the two-dimensional advection equation on four classes of regular meshes: hexagonal, square, equilateral-triangular, and right-triangular. We find that hexagonal and square meshes give rise to smaller eigenvalues, and thus result in faster convergence of Jacobi's method. We perform numerical experiments with variable velocity fields, irregular, unstructured meshes, and the Euler equations of gas dynamics to confirm and extend these results. We additionally study the effect of polygonal meshes on the performance of block ILU(0) and Jacobi preconditioners for the GMRES method.
description: 23 pages, 7 figures
Ongoing Assessments: Benefits and Challenges of Using Patron Surveys during the Pandemic
Creators: name: Scoulas, Jung Mi
name: Carrillo, Elena
name: Naru, Linda
Publisher: name: University of Illinois at Chicago
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 4610
subject: Library and information studies
classificationCode: 3901
subject: Curriculum and pedagogy
classificationCode: 46
subject: Information and computing sciences

description: This column discusses the benefits and limitations of continuous assessment by reporting on the authors’ perspectives of ongoing assessment using examples from patron surveys designed to understand user experience in the physical library and to measure whether needs were met throughout the pandemic. This column will be helpful to anyone involved in assessment or who is interested in what factors to consider while carrying out ongoing assessment or using evidence-based data for decision-making.
Cissidium sakaii Sawada 2008
Creators: name: Darby, Michael
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Ptiliidae
Cissidium
Cissidium sakaii

description: Cissidium sakaii Sawada, 2008
Fig. 112
Material examined
Paratypes JAPAN • 1 ♂; Mt. Saragamine, Ehime Pref.; 29 May 1993; M. Sakai leg.; YS • 1 ♂; Kama, Yamaguchi Pref.; 8 Aug. 1999; Y. Nishikawa leg.; BMNH • 1 ♂; Shirasuna, Komatsujima City, Tokushima Pref.; 4 Nov. 1993; M. Sakai leg. (BMNH); 1♂, Fall of Hiji, Kunigami-son, Okinawa Pref., 13 Apr. 1996, H. Hoshina leg.; YS.
Supplementary description
The following description amplifies the type description of Sawada (2008) in order to conform with the entries in the present paper.
SIZE. Habitus (Fig. 112A), length 0.69 mm.
COLOUR. Reddish brown, antennae, legs and pubescence dusky yellow. antennomeres III–XI 0.31 mm long.
HEAD. With a shallow uninterrupted transverse depression behind the eyes, width across the eyes 0.20 mm.
PRONOTUM. Length 0.18 mm, width 0.29 mm, sparsely pubescent, foveolate and foveate in basal half, the foveae being almost the same size as the foveolae; side margins rounded to almost parallel-sided, narrowly bordered to slightly acute hind angles, the border continuing along the posterior margin to the sinuate emargination in front of the scutellum (Fig. 112B).
ELYTRA. Length 0.48 mm, width 0.39 mm, pubescent and foveolate.
MESOVENTRITE. Median extension of collar tapering from wide base almost to a point; mid-keel with concave sides, hind angles almost reaching anterior borders of mesocoxae; keel narrow, parallel-sided
then tapering to between the mesocoxae; mesoventral lateral borders evenly rounded, serrate in posterior half; humeri toothed (Fig. 112C).
METAVENTRITE. Without pubescence, length 0.17 mm, distance across spines 0.11 mm, disc simple; mesocoxal posterior borders serrate.
GENITALIA. Male aedeagus as Fig. 6 Fa–b but beak more pointed and slightly raised at tip which is not so strongly bent. Females not known.
Remarks
This is the only Japanese species in this group.
description: Published as part of Darby, Michael, 2020, A revision of Cissidium Motschulsky (Coleoptera: Ptiliidae) with seventy seven new species, pp. 1-188 in European Journal of Taxonomy 622 on pages 178-180, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2020.622, http://zenodo.org/record/3777282
Is an infant a people person?
Creators: name: Rakison, David
name: Cicchino, Jessica B.
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: 170199 Psychology not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: Kuhlmeier, Bloom, and Wynn (2004) presented interesting data that purport to show that 5-month olds apply the constraint of continuous motion to objects but not to people. They propose, based on these data, that humans are interpreted in terms of social actions whereas inanimate objects are construed in terms of object physics. We believe that care must be taken, however, before strong conclusions can be drawn from their empirical findings. We also find their proposal fails to address an important developmental issue, namely, what mechanism might underlie infants' ability to learn about people, animates more generally, and inanimates. We address these issues in turn.
A Primary Study of Heavy Baryons Lambda_Q, Xi_Q, Sigma_Q and Omega_Q
Creators: name: Zhao, Qiao-Yan
name: Zhang, Dan
name: Zhang, Qiu-Yang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We perform a preliminary study of the 1/2+ and 3/2+ ground-state baryons containing a heavy quark in the framework of the chiral SU(3) quark model. By using the calculus of variations, masses of Lambda_Q, Sigma_Q, Xi_Q, Omega_Q, Sigma_Q^*, Xi_Q^* and Omega_Q^*, where Q means c or b quark, are calculated. With taking reasonable model parameters, the numerical results of established heavy baryons are generally in agreement with the available experimental data, except that those of Xi_Q are somewhat heavier. For Omega_b with undetermined experimental mass and nobserved Xi_b^*, Omega_b^*, reasonable theoretical predictions are obtained. Interactions inside baryons are also discussed.
description: 5 pages
title: Pre-heating by pre-virialization and its impact on galaxy formation
Creators: name: Mo, HJ
name: Yang, XH
name: Van Den Bosch, FC
name: Katz, N
name: Zehavi, I
name: Tripp, T
name: Bowen, DV
name: Sembach, KR
name: Jenkins, EB
name: Savage, BD
name: Richter, P
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: methods : statistical
subject: galaxies : haloes
subject: dark matter
subject: large-scale structure of Universe
subject: Astrophysics and Astronomy

description: This is the pre-published version harvested from ArXiv. The published version is located at http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1365-2966.2005.09512.x/abstract
description: We use recent observations of the H i mass function to constrain galaxy formation. The data conflict with the standard model where most of the gas in a low-mass dark matter halo is assumed to settle into a disc of cold gas that is depleted by star formation and supernova-driven outflows until the disc becomes gravitationally stable. Assuming a star formation threshold density supported by both theory and observations, this model predicts H i masses that are much too large. The reason is simple: supernova feedback requires star formation, which in turn requires a high surface density for the gas. Heating by the ultraviolet background can reduce the amount of cold gas in haloes with masses <109.5 h−1 M⊙, but is insufficient to explain the observed H i mass function. A consistent model can be found if low-mass haloes are embedded in a pre-heated medium, with a specific gas entropy ∼10 keV cm2. In addition, such a model simultaneously matches the faint-end slope of the galaxy luminosity function without the need for any supernova-driven outflows. We propose a pre-heating model where the medium around low-mass haloes is pre-heated by gravitational pancaking. Because gravitational tidal fields suppress the formation of low-mass haloes while promoting that of pancakes, the formation of massive pancakes precedes that of the low-mass haloes within them. We demonstrate that the progenitors of present-day dark matter haloes with M≲ 1012 h−1 M⊙ were embedded in pancakes of masses ∼5 × 1012 h−1 M⊙ at z∼ 2. The formation of such pancakes heats the gas to a temperature of 5 × 105 K and compresses it to an overdensity of ∼10. Such gas has a cooling time that exceeds the age of the Universe at z≲ 2, and has a specific entropy of ∼15 keV cm2, almost exactly the amount required to explain the stellar and H i mass functions.
Picolitre viscometry using optically rotated particles
Creators: name: Parkin, Simon J.
name: Knoener, Gregor
name: Nieminen, Timo A.
name: Heckenberg, Norman R.
name: Rubinsztein-Dunlop, Halina
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Important aspects in the field of microrheology are the studies of the viscosity of fluids within structures with micron dimensions and fluid samples where only microlitre volumes are available. We have quantitatively investigated the performance and accuracy of a microviscometer based on rotating optical tweezers, that requires as little as one microlitre of sample. We have characterised our microviscometer, including effects due to heating, and demonstrated its ability to perform measurements over a large dynamic range of viscosities (at least two orders of magnitude). We have also inserted a probe particle through the membrane of a cell and measured the viscosity of the intramembranous contents. Viscosity measurements of tears have also been made with our microviscometer, which demonstrate its potential use to study un-stimulated eye fluid.
description: 5 pages, 7 figures
title: Melorheostosis: a rare case
Creators: name: Sagar, Shubhda
Publisher: name: EURORAD
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Musculoskeletal system
subject: Bones
subject: Musculoskeletal bone
subject: Digital radiography
subject: MR
subject: Clinical Cases

description: Clinical History: A 12-year-old male presented with complaint of difficulty in walking since 6years with limitation of movement at right hip joint. On physical examination, there was shortening of right lower limb by 6 cm. Muscle wasting was present in thigh. 

description: 12 years, male
Exposome Boot Camp PubChemLite Lab: Cheminformatics for the Exposome
Creators: name: Schymanski, Emma
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: exposome
PubChemLite
MetFrag
MassBank

description: This is the full set of materials used for the PubChemLite Lab at the Columbia Exposome Boot Camp https://www.mailman.columbia.edu/research/precision-prevention/exposome-boot-camp-measuring-exposures-omic-scale Slides and explanations: ExposomeBootCamp_PubChemLiteLab_July2021.pdf Examples: see word/PDF document: PubChemLite_MetFrag_Examples_2021.docx / PubChemLite_MetFrag_Examples_2021.pdf All details needed are in the word/PDF document of the examples, in hyperlinks, online at PubChem, MetFrag and MassBank or in screenshots in the PDF of the presentation.
Superconductivity from site-selective Ru doping studies in Zr$_5$Ge$_3$ compound
Creators: name: Li, Sheng
name: Liu, Xiaoyuan
name: Anand, Varun
name: Lv, Bing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Systematical doping studies have been carried out to search for the possible superconductivity in the transition metal doped Zr$_5$Ge$_3$ system. Superconductivity up to 5.7K is discovered in the Ru-doped Zr$_5$Ge$_{2.5}$Ru$_{0.5}$ sample. Interestingly, with the same Ru-doping, superconductivity is only induced with doping at the Ge site, but remains absent down to 1.8K with doping at the Zr site or interstitial site. Both magnetic and transport studies have revealed the bulk superconductivity nature for Ru-doped Zr$_5$Ge$_{2.5}$Ru$_{0.5}$ sample. The high upper critical field, enhanced electron correlation, and extremely small electron-phonon coupling, have indicated possible unconventional superconductivity in this system, which warrants further detailed theoretical and experimental studies.
description: 11 pages, 7 figures, New J. Phys (Accepted)
Topological rigidity and H_1-negative involutions on tori
Creators: name: Connolly, Frank
name: Davis, James F.
name: Khan, Qayum
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We prove there is only one involution (up to conjugacy) on the n-torus which acts as $-\mathrm{Id}$ on the first homology group when $n$ is of the form $4k$, is of the form $4k+1$, or is less than $4$. In all other cases we prove there are infinitely many such involutions up to conjugacy, but each of them has exactly $2^n$ fixed points and is conjugate to a smooth involution. The key technical point is that we completely compute the equivariant structure set for the corresponding crystallographic group action on $\mathbb{R}^n$ in terms of the Cappell $\mathrm{UNil}$-groups arising from its infinite dihedral subgroups. We give a complete analysis of equivariant topological rigidity for this family of groups.
description: 50 pages, to appear in Geometry & Topology
Cissidium upiense Darby 2020, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Darby, Michael
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Ptiliidae
Cissidium
Cissidium upiense

description: Cissidium upiense sp. nov.
urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 5BE9BB51-1E41-4C45-8C89-4B3B15B91569
Figs 3A, 113
Etymology
Named after Upi, the municipality in the Province of Maguindanao, Philippines, where the insect was collected.
Material examined
Holotype PHILIPPINES • ♂; Mindanao, Burungket, Upi, Cotobato Prov.; 1500 ft a.s.l.; 1–6 Jan. 1949; by waving fine meshed net over forest floor in late afternoon; Werner leg.; FMNH.
Description
SIZE. Habitus (Fig. 113A), length 0.54 mm.
COLOUR. Yellow brown, pubescence, legs and antennae dusky yellow.
HEAD. With a shallow foveolate and setose linear depression behind the eyes (Fig. 3A), width across eyes 0.18 mm; mentum and prementum obscured; antennomeres III–XI, length 0.29 mm, III–IX length 0.16 mm, X–XI length 0.13 mm.
PRONOTUM. 0.13 mm long, 0.23 mm wide, sparsely pubescent with ± nine asymmetrically placed foveae in basal half, lateral margins evenly rounded to shallow concave sinuations before rectangular hind angles, strongly bordered, the borders not continuing along the posterior margin, medial emargination opposite the scutellum angulate (Fig. 113B).
ELYTRA. 0.39 mm long, 0.30 mm wide, pubescent, shallowly foveolate.
MESOVENTRITE. Medial extension of collar broadened posteriorly almost reaching lateral margins of midkeel; mid-keel sub parallel-sided, hind angles not reaching mesocoxae raised to blunt termination before keel; keel narrow with ± four setae, tapering to a point at the base of the mesocoxae; mesoventral lateral margins serrate in posterior half; humeri toothed (Fig. 113C).
METAVENTRITE. Sparsely pubescent, length 0.13 mm, disc simple, width across spines 0.08 mm; posterior margin of mesocoxae serrate.
WINGS. Macropterous.
GENITALIA. Male aedeagus small, pointed when viewed dorsally. Females not known.
Remarks
The only species of Cissidium in this group from the Philippines.
description: Published as part of Darby, Michael, 2020, A revision of Cissidium Motschulsky (Coleoptera: Ptiliidae) with seventy seven new species, pp. 1-188 in European Journal of Taxonomy 622 on pages 180-181, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2020.622, http://zenodo.org/record/3777282
Knowledge and ignorance in incomplete quantum state tomography
Creators: name: Teo, Y. S.
name: Zhu, H.
name: Englert, B. -G.
name: Rehacek, J.
name: Hradil, Z.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum state reconstruction on a finite number of copies of a quantum system with informationally incomplete measurements does, as a rule, not yield a unique result. We derive a reconstruction scheme where both the likelihood and the von Neumann entropy functionals are maximized in order to systematically select the most-likely estimator with the largest entropy, that is the least-bias estimator, consistent with a given set of measurement data. This is equivalent to the joint consideration of our partial knowledge and ignorance about the ensemble to reconstruct its identity. An interesting structure of such estimators will also be explored.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures
Is 27 a big number? Correlational and causal connections among numerical categorization, number line estimation, and numerical magnitude comparison.
Creators: name: Laski, Elida V.
name: Siegler, Robert
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: 170199 Psychology not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: This study examined the generality of the logarithmic to linear transition in children's representations of numerical magnitudes and the role of subjective categorization of numbers in the acquisition of more advanced understanding. Experiment 1 (49 girls and 41 boys, ages 5-8 years) suggested parallel transitions from kindergarten to second grade in the representations used to perform number line estimation, numerical categorization, and numerical magnitude comparison tasks. Individual differences within each grade in proficiency for the three tasks were strongly related. Experiment 2 (27 girls and 13 boys, ages 5-6 years) replicated results from Experiment 1 and demonstrated a causal role of changes in categorization in eliciting changes in number line estimation. Reasons were proposed for the parallel developmental changes across tasks, the consistent individual differences, and the relation between improved categorization of numbers and increasingly linear representations.