cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Observation of long-lived polariton states in semiconductor microcavities across the parametric threshold
Creators: name: Ballarini, D.
name: Sanvitto, D.
name: Amo, A.
name: Vina, L.
name: Wouters, M.
name: Carusotto, I.
name: Lemaitre, A.
name: Bloch, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The excitation spectrum around the pump-only stationary state of a polariton optical parametric oscillator (OPO) in semiconductor microcavities is investigated by time-resolved photoluminescence. The response to a weak pulsed perturbation in the vicinity of the idler mode is directly related to the lifetime of the elementary excitations. A dramatic increase of the lifetime is observed for a pump intensity approaching and exceeding the OPO threshold. The observations can be explained in terms of a critical slowing down of the dynamics upon approaching the threshold and the following onset of the soft Goldstone mode.
Two-dimensional two-component plasma with adsorbing impurities
Creators: name: Ferrero, Alejandro
name: Tellez, Gabriel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the behavior of the two-dimensional two-component plasma in the presence of some adsorbing impurities. Using a solvable model, we find analytic expressions for the thermodynamic properties of the plasma such as the $n$-body densities, the grand potential, and the pressure. We specialize in the case where there are one or two adsorbing point impurities in the plasma, and in the case where there are one or two parallel adsorbing lines. In the former case we study the effective interaction between the impurities, due to the charge redistribution around them. The latter case is a model for electrodes with adsorbing sticky sites on their surface.
Theory of spin-charge-coupled transport in proximitized graphene: An SO(5) algebraic approach
Creators: name: Ferreira, Aires
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Establishing the conditions under which orbital, spin and lattice-pseudospin degrees of freedom are mutually coupled in realistic nonequilibrium conditions is a major goal in the emergent field of graphene spintronics. Here, we use linear-response theory to obtain a unified microscopic description of spin dynamics and coupled spin-charge transport in graphene with an interface-induced Bychkov-Rashba effect. Our method makes use of an SO(5) extension of the familiar inverse-diffuson approach to obtain a quantum kinetic equation for the single-particle density matrix that treats spin and pseudospin on equal footing and is valid for arbitrary external perturbations. As an application of the formalism, we derive a complete set of drift-diffusion equations for proximitized graphene with scalar impurities in the presence of electric and spin-injection fields which vary slowly in space and time. Our approach is amenable to a wide variety of generalizations, including the study of coupled spin-charge dynamics in layered materials with strong spin-valley coupling and spin-orbit torques in van der Waals heterostructures.
description: 23 pages, 3 figures (typos corrected; accepted version in IOP J. Phys. Mater.)
LocalDrop: A Hybrid Regularization for Deep Neural Networks
Creators: name: Lu, Ziqing
name: Xu, Chang
name: Du, Bo
name: Ishida, Takashi
name: Zhang, Lefei
name: Sugiyama, Masashi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In neural networks, developing regularization algorithms to settle overfitting is one of the major study areas. We propose a new approach for the regularization of neural networks by the local Rademacher complexity called LocalDrop. A new regularization function for both fully-connected networks (FCNs) and convolutional neural networks (CNNs), including drop rates and weight matrices, has been developed based on the proposed upper bound of the local Rademacher complexity by the strict mathematical deduction. The analyses of dropout in FCNs and DropBlock in CNNs with keep rate matrices in different layers are also included in the complexity analyses. With the new regularization function, we establish a two-stage procedure to obtain the optimal keep rate matrix and weight matrix to realize the whole training model. Extensive experiments have been conducted to demonstrate the effectiveness of LocalDrop in different models by comparing it with several algorithms and the effects of different hyperparameters on the final performances.
Precise Radial Velocities of Polaris: Detection of Amplitude Growth
Creators: name: Lee, Byeong-Cheol
name: Mkrtichian, David. E.
name: Han, Inwoo
name: Park, Myeong-Gu
name: Kim, Kang-Min
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a first results from a long-term program of a radial velocity study of Cepheid Polaris (F7 Ib) aimed to find amplitude and period of pulsations and nature of secondary periodicities. 264 new precise radial velocity measurements were obtained during 2004-2007 with the fiber-fed echelle spectrograph Bohyunsan Observatory Echelle Spectrograph (BOES) of 1.8m telescope at Bohyunsan Optical Astronomy Observatory (BOAO) in Korea. We find a pulsational radial velocity amplitude and period of Polaris for three seasons of 2005.183, 2006.360, and 2007.349 as 2K = 2.210 +/- 0.048 km/s, 2K = 2.080 +/- 0.042 km/s, and 2K = 2.406 +/- 0.018 km/s respectively, indicating that the pulsational amplitudes of Polaris that had decayed during the last century is now increasing rapidly. The pulsational period was found to be increasing too. This is the first detection of a historical turnaround of pulsational amplitude change in Cepheids. We clearly find the presence of additional radial velocity variations on a time scale of about 119 days and an amplitude of about +/- 138 m/s, that is quasi-periodic rather than strictly periodic. We do not confirm the presence in our data the variation on a time scale 34-45 days found in earlier radial velocity data obtained in 80's and 90's. We assume that both the 119 day quasi-periodic, noncoherent variations found in our data as well as 34-45 day variations found before can be caused by the 119 day rotation periods of Polaris and by surface inhomogeneities such as single or multiple spot configuration varying with the time.
description: 15 pages, 7 figures, Accepted for publication in The Astronomical Journal
Spectral shifts in metal-enhanced fluorescence
Creators: name: Karolin, Jan
name: Geddes, Chris
Publisher: name: AIP
Year: 2014

description: We report a 2?nm red shift in the fluorescence spectra observed for Rhodamine 800 dissolved in glycerol on copper substrates as compared to glass reference samples, suggesting a wavelength dependence of metal enhanced fluorescence. The full width half maximum of the blue-red spectra is about 1?nm narrower as compared to the reference sample. We speculate that the observation correlates with a specific interaction mechanism between the Rhodamine 800 transition dipole, the enhanced electric field, and subsequent plasmon coupling, an observation not yet reported.
Additional file 1 of Association of meteorological factors and ambient air pollution on medical care utilization for urolithiasis: a population-based time-series study
Creators: name: Noh, Tae Il
name: Hong, Jinwook
name: Kang, Seok Ho
name: Jung, Jaehun
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1: Supplementary Table 1. Summary of the daily incidence of urolithiasis and data on meteorological factors and ambient air pollutants in Korea between 2002 and 2017. Supplementary Table 2 Summary statistics for random sampling of urolithiasis cases with corresponding data on meteorological factors and ambient air pollutants in Korea between 2002 and 2017. Supplementary Table 3. Comparison of urolithiasis incidence rates among different age groups between 2002 and 2017. Supplementary Table 4. Akaike information criterion for the association between daily medical care utilization for urolithiasis and selected meteorological factors and ambient air pollutants (MFAPs). Supplementary Figure 1 Prevalence and incidence of (a) ureteral and (b) renal stones between 2002 and 2017. (c) Histogram of the sex-dependent incidence of urolithiasis according to age group. Supplementary Figure 2. Generalized additive model with natural splines for the effect of selected MFAPs on the number of medical care utilization for urolithiasis. Ureteral stones: (a) average temperature, (b) PM2.5, and (c) CO. Renal stones: (d) average temperature, (e) PM2.5, and (f) CO. The bold line indicates the relative effect sizes for urolithiasis, and the blue area indicates 95% confidence intervals. The X- and Y-axes represent the selected MFAPs and relative effect sizes for urolithiasis, respectively. MFAPs, meteorological factors and ambient air pollutants; PM2.5, particulate matter ≤2.5 μm; CO, carbon monoxide.
Additional file 11 of A mega-aggregation framework synthesis of the barriers and facilitators to linkage, adherence to ART and retention in care among people living with HIV
Creators: name: Hendricks, Lynn
name: Eshun-Wilson, Ingrid
name: Rohwer, Anke
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 11. Summary of review level evidence: Adherence to ART
Additional file 1 of Maximising the wealth of few at the expense of the health of many: a public health analysis of market power and corporate wealth and income distribution in the global soft drink market
Creators: name: Wood, Benjamin
name: Baker, Phil
name: Scrinis, Gyorgy
name: McCoy, David
name: Williams, Owain
name: Sacks, Gary
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1.. Supplementary file 1: A brief overview of the Coca-Cola Company and PepsiCo
Dynamics of strongly interacting Fermi gases with time-dependent interactions: Consequence of conformal symmetry
Creators: name: Maki, Jeff
name: Zhang, Shizhong
name: Zhou, Fei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this Letter, we investigate the effects of a time-dependent, short-ranged interaction on the long-time expansion dynamics of Fermi gases. We show that the effects of the interaction on the dynamics is dictated by how it changes under a conformal transformation, and derive an explicit criterion for the relevancy of time-dependent interactions in both the strongly and non-interacting nearly scale invariant quantum gases. In addition, we show that it is possible to engineer interactions that give rise to non-exponential thermalization dynamics in trapped Fermi gases. To supplement the symmetry analysis, we also perform hydrodynamic simulations to show that the moment of inertia of the trapped gas indeed follows a universal time-dependence determined jointly by the conformal symmetry and time-dependent scattering length $a(t)$. Our results should also be relevant to the dynamics of other systems that are nearly scale invariant and that are governed by a non-relativistic conformal symmetry.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures
INVESTIGATING THE IMPORTANCE OF CYBER SECURITY IN PROTECTING BUSINESS DATA: A STUDY ON FRAMEWORKS AND EMPLOYEE TRAINING
Creators: name: Mbonigaba Celestin*, M. Vasuki**, S. Sujatha*** & A. Dinesh Kumar****
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: The study investigates the implementation of Cyber security frameworks and employee training in protecting sensitive business data from cyber threats. The objective was to assess the effectiveness of Cyber security frameworks such as NIST and ISO/IEC 27001 in reducing cyber incidents, and to evaluate the impact of employee training on mitigating risks. A mixed-method approach was used, involving surveys from 150 business owners and IT professionals, complemented by secondary data analysis from recent reports. The results show that businesses implementing structured frameworks experienced a 30% reduction in cyber incidents, and regular employee training reduced data breaches caused by human error by 35%. However, budget constraints remain a barrier, with many businesses allocating less than 5% of their IT budget to Cyber security. The study concludes that continued investment in Cyber security measures and training is essential for enhancing data protection.
Towards Quantum Noncommutative $κ$-deformed Field Theory
Creators: name: Daszkiewicz, M.
name: Lukierski, J.
name: Woronowicz, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce new $κ$-star product describing the multiplication of quantized $κ$-deformed free fields. The $κ$-deformation of local free quantum fields originates from two sources: noncommutativity of space-time and the $κ$-deformation of field oscillators algebra - we relate these two deformations. We demonstrate that for suitable choice of $κ$-deformed field oscillators algebra the $κ$-deformed version of microcausality condition is satisfied, and it leads to the deformation of the Pauli-Jordan commutation function defined by the $κ$-deformed mass shell. We show by constructing the $κ$-deformed Fock space that the use of $κ$-deformed oscillator algebra permits to preserve the bosonic statistics of n-particle states. The proposed star product is extended to the product of $n$ fields, which for $n=4$ defines the interaction vertex in perturbative description of noncommutative quantum $λϕ^4$ field theory. It appears that the classical fourmomentum conservation law is satisfied at the interaction vertices.
description: LaTeX, 16 pages. V2: some clarifications supplemented, two formulas added. V3: three references added, version in press in Physical Review D
Additional file 1 of Gene regulatory network analysis defines transcriptome landscape with alternative splicing of human umbilical vein endothelial cells during replicative senescence
Creators: name: Ohori, Momoko
name: Nakayama, Yusuke
name: Ogasawara-Shimizu, Mari
name: Toyoshiba, Hiroyoshi
name: Nakanishi, Atsushi
name: Aparicio, Samuel
name: Araki, Shinsuke
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1.
Assessing aesthetics of generated abstract images using correlation structure
Creators: name: Khajehabdollahi, Sina
name: Martius, Georg
name: Levina, Anna
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Can we generate abstract aesthetic images without bias from natural or human selected image corpi? Are aesthetic images singled out in their correlation functions? In this paper we give answers to these and more questions. We generate images using compositional pattern-producing networks with random weights and varying architecture. We demonstrate that even with the randomly selected weights the correlation functions remain largely determined by the network architecture. In a controlled experiment, human subjects picked aesthetic images out of a large dataset of all generated images. Statistical analysis reveals that the correlation function is indeed different for aesthetic images.
The role of Arctic sea ice initialisation in decadal climate prediction: linking the Arctic sea ice loss and the mid-latitude climate
Creators: name: Tian, Tian
name: Karami, Pasha
name: Yang, Shuting
name: Massonnet, Francois
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019

description: This is the abstract of the poster presented at the EU modelling cluster workshop in Bergen, 5-7 June 2019. The poster contains still confidential materials to be published, it will be made available at a later stage.
Additional file 10 of A mega-aggregation framework synthesis of the barriers and facilitators to linkage, adherence to ART and retention in care among people living with HIV
Creators: name: Hendricks, Lynn
name: Eshun-Wilson, Ingrid
name: Rohwer, Anke
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 10:. Summary of review level evidence: Linkage to ART
Federated learning-outcome prediction with multi-layer privacy protection
Creators: name: Zhang, Yupei
name: Li, Yuxin
name: Wang, Yifei
name: Wei, Shuangshuang
name: Xu, Yunan
name: Shang, Xuequn
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: I.2.6
subject: 68T07

description: Learning-outcome prediction (LOP) is a long-standing and critical problem in educational routes. Many studies have contributed to developing effective models while often suffering from data shortage and low generalization to various institutions due to the privacy-protection issue. To this end, this study proposes a distributed grade prediction model, dubbed FecMap, by exploiting the federated learning (FL) framework that preserves the private data of local clients and communicates with others through a global generalized model. FecMap considers local subspace learning (LSL), which explicitly learns the local features against the global features, and multi-layer privacy protection (MPP), which hierarchically protects the private features, including model-shareable features and not-allowably shared features, to achieve client-specific classifiers of high performance on LOP per institution. FecMap is then achieved in an iteration manner with all datasets distributed on clients by training a local neural network composed of a global part, a local part, and a classification head in clients and averaging the global parts from clients on the server. To evaluate the FecMap model, we collected three higher-educational datasets of student academic records from engineering majors. Experiment results manifest that FecMap benefits from the proposed LSL and MPP and achieves steady performance on the task of LOP, compared with the state-of-the-art models. This study makes a fresh attempt at the use of federated learning in the learning-analytical task, potentially paving the way to facilitating personalized education with privacy protection.
description: 10 pages, 9 figures, 3 tables. This preprint will be published in Frontiers of Computer Science on Dec 15, 2024
A new method to compare radiation view factors and a study of bare soil evaporation using microlysimeters
Creators: name: Streicher, John James
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: In Chapter 1, a numerical computer technique is developed to determine radiation view factors between planar surfaces whose geometry is sufficiently regular so as to be defined by algebraic equations. This technique does not require spherical, cylindrical or rectangular symmetry, although such symmetries may be exploited when they exist. Once the essential geometric problem is formulated, enough generality can be built into the solutions so that certain "new" configurations, derived from translations or rotations of one surface relative to the other, can be solved as a matter of course. In Chapter 2, a model of bare soil evaporation is tested against measured flux from lysimeters obtained in the Peace River region of British Columbia and Alberta. Hydraulic diffusivity characteristics, measured from separate, adjacent field samples, were used in the model. Certain procedural difficulties in the measurement of hydraulic diffusivity are examined in detail, and recommendations for improvement are made. The degree to which evaporation simulation agrees with measured flux is discussed.
Blind Evaluation of the Microwave-Accelerated Metal-Enhanced Fluorescence Ultrarapid and Sensitive Chlamydia trachomatis Test by Use of Clinical Samples
Creators: name: Melendez, Johan
name: Huppert, Jill S.
name: Jett-Goheen, Mary
name: Hesse, Elizabeth A.
name: Quinn, Nicole
name: Gaydos, Charlotte A.
name: Geddes, Chris
Publisher: name: ASM
Year: 2020

description: Accurate point-of-care (POC) diagnostic tests for Chlamydia trachomatis infection are urgently needed for the rapid treatment of patients. In a blind comparative study, we evaluated microwave-accelerated metal-enhanced fluorescence (MAMEF) assays for ultrafast and sensitive detection of C. trachomatis DNA from vaginal swabs. The results of two distinct MAMEF assays were compared to those of nucleic acid amplification tests (NAATs). The first assay targeted the C. trachomatis 16S rRNA gene, and the second assay targeted the C. trachomatis cryptic plasmid. Using pure C. trachomatis, the MAMEF assays detected as few as 10 inclusion-forming units/ml of C. trachomatis in less than 9 min, including DNA extraction and detection. A total of 257 dry vaginal swabs from 245 female adolescents aged 14 to 22 years were analyzed. Swabs were eluted with water, the solutions were lysed to release and to fragment genomic DNA, and MAMEF-based DNA detection was performed. The prevalence of C. trachomatis by NAATs was 17.5%. Of the 45 samples that were C. trachomatis positive and the 212 samples that were C. trachomatis negative by NAATs, 33/45 and 197/212 were correctly identified by the MAMEF assays if both assays were required to be positive (sensitivity, 73.3%; specificity, 92.9%). Using the plasmid-based assay alone, 37/45 C. trachomatis-positive and 197/212 C. trachomatis-negative samples were detected (sensitivity, 82.2%; specificity, 92.9%). Using the 16S rRNA assay alone, 34/45 C. trachomatis-positive and 197/212 C. trachomatis-negative samples were detected (sensitivity, 75.5%; specificity, 92.9%). The overall rates of agreement with NAAT results for the individual 16S rRNA and cryptic plasmid assays were 89.5% and 91.0%, respectively. Given the sensitivity, specificity, and rapid detection of the plasmid-based assay, the plasmid-based MAMEF assay appears to be suited for clinical POC testing.
On three-parametric Lie groups as quasi-Kaehler manifolds with Killing Norden metric
Creators: name: Manev, Mancho
name: Gribachev, Kostadin
name: Mekerov, Dimitar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53C15, 53C50 (Primary), 32Q60, 53C55 (Secondary)

description: A 3-parametric family of 6-dimensional quasi-Kaehler manifolds with Norden metric is constructed on a Lie group. This family is characterized geometrically. The condition for such a 6-manifold to be isotropic Kaehler is given.
description: 10 pages, 1 table
Additional file 1 of A randomised controlled trial testing the efficacy of Fit after COVID, a cognitive behavioural therapy targeting severe post-infectious fatigue following COVID-19 (ReCOVer): study protocol
Creators: name: Kuut, T. A.
name: Müller, F.
name: Aldenkamp, A.
name: Assmann-Schuilwerve, E.
name: Braamse, A.
name: Geerlings, S. E.
name: Gibney, K. B.
name: Kanaan, R. A. A.
name: Nieuwkerk, P.
name: Olde Hartman, T. C.
name: Pauëlsen, D.
name: Prins, M.
name: Slieker, K.
name: Van Vugt, M.
name: Bleeker-Rovers, C. P.
name: Keijmel, S. P.
name: Knoop, H.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. World Health Organization (WHO) Trial Registration Set.
Designing non-segregating granular mixtures
Creators: name: Duan, Yifei
name: Umbanhowar, Paul B.
name: Lueptow, Richard M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In bidisperse particle mixtures varying in size or density alone, large particles rise (driven by percolation) and heavy particles sink (driven by buoyancy). When the two particle species differ from each other in both size and density, the two segregation mechanisms either enhance (large/light and small/heavy) or oppose (large/heavy and small/light) each other. In the latter case, an equilibrium condition exists in which the two segregation mechanisms balance and the particles no longer segregate. This leads to a methodology to design non-segregating particle mixtures by specifying particle size ratio, density ratio, and mixture concentration to achieve the equilibrium condition. Using DEM simulations of quasi-2D bounded heap flow, we show that segregation is significantly reduced for particle mixtures near the equilibrium condition. In addition, the rise-sink transition for a range of particle size and density ratios matches the combined size and density segregation model predictions.
The heavy quark search at the LHC
Creators: name: Holdom, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore further the discovery potential for heavy quarks at the LHC, with emphasis on the $t'$ and $b'$ of a sequential fourth family associated with electroweak symmetry breaking. We consider QCD multijets, $t\bar{t}+\rm{jets}$, $W+\rm{jets}$ and single $t$ backgrounds using event generation based on improved matrix elements and low sensitivity to the modeling of initial state radiation. We exploit a jet mass technique for the identification of hadronically decaying $W$'s and $t$'s, to be used in the reconstruction of the $t'$ or $b'$ mass. This along with other aspects of event selection can reduce backgrounds to very manageable levels. It even allows a search for both $t'$ and $b'$ in the absence of $b$-tagging, of interest for the early running of the LHC. A heavy quark mass of order 600 GeV is motivated by the connection to electroweak symmetry breaking, but our analysis is relevant for any new heavy quarks with weak decay modes.
description: 12 pages, 7 figures
On Primordial Density Perturbation and Decaying Speed of Sound
Creators: name: Piao, Yun-Song
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The decaying speed of sound can lead to the emergence of the primordial density perturbation in any expanding phase, even if the expansion is decelerated. Recently, some proposals have been given to implement this mechanism, in which it was found that the primordial spectrum of scalar perturbation can be scale invariant. In this note, we will give more insights for the details of this seeding mechanism.
description: 3 pages, 2 eps figure, contents extended, refs. added, published version,
PES Web-based Tutorial AI-driven EV Scheduling, Pt 4/4
Creators: Dawei Qiu;Shengrong Bu; Zhu Han
Publisher: name: IEEE
Year: 2025

Session four of this web-based tutorial:
Will provide a comprehensive overview of strategies for power system decarbonization, focusing on three key approaches: electric vehicles, microgrids, and peer-to-peer energy trading. It will explore the associated challenges and demonstrate how advanced techniques, including deep reinforcement learning and big data analytics, can be leveraged to address these challenges effectively.
Session four will discuss:
a. EV ancillary-service provisions in transport-power networks
b. EV decarbonizing power systems
c. EV enhancing energy resilience to extreme events
d. Pricing EV scheduling in electricity markets
Session four of this web-based tutorial: Will provide a comprehensive overview of strategies for power system decarbonization, focusing on three key approaches: electric vehicles, microgrids, and peer-to-peer energy trading. It will explore the associated challenges and demonstrate how advanced techniques, including deep reinforcement learning and big data analytics, can be leveraged to address these challenges effectively. Session four will discuss: a. EV ancillary-service provisions in transport-power networks b. EV decarbonizing power systems c. EV enhancing energy resilience to extreme events d. Pricing EV scheduling in electricity markets
Additional file 12 of A mega-aggregation framework synthesis of the barriers and facilitators to linkage, adherence to ART and retention in care among people living with HIV
Creators: name: Hendricks, Lynn
name: Eshun-Wilson, Ingrid
name: Rohwer, Anke
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 12. Summary of review level evidence: Retention in care
Towards Learning Geometric Eigen-Lengths Crucial for Fitting Tasks
Creators: name: Weng, Yijia
name: Mo, Kaichun
name: Shi, Ruoxi
name: Yang, Yanchao
name: Guibas, Leonidas J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Some extremely low-dimensional yet crucial geometric eigen-lengths often determine the success of some geometric tasks. For example, the height of an object is important to measure to check if it can fit between the shelves of a cabinet, while the width of a couch is crucial when trying to move it through a doorway. Humans have materialized such crucial geometric eigen-lengths in common sense since they are very useful in serving as succinct yet effective, highly interpretable, and universal object representations. However, it remains obscure and underexplored if learning systems can be equipped with similar capabilities of automatically discovering such key geometric quantities from doing tasks. In this work, we therefore for the first time formulate and propose a novel learning problem on this question and set up a benchmark suite including tasks, data, and evaluation metrics for studying the problem. We focus on a family of common fitting tasks as the testbed for the proposed learning problem. We explore potential solutions and demonstrate the feasibility of learning eigen-lengths from simply observing successful and failed fitting trials. We also attempt geometric grounding for more accurate eigen-length measurement and study the reusability of the learned eigen-lengths across multiple tasks. Our work marks the first exploratory step toward learning crucial geometric eigen-lengths and we hope it can inspire future research in tackling this important yet underexplored problem.
description: ICML 2023. Project page: https://yijiaweng.github.io/geo-eigen-length
A Simple Model of Double Dynamics on Lie Groups
Creators: name: Vitale, Patrizia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the dynamics of the rigid rotator on the group manifold of SU(2) as an instance of dynamics on Lie groups together with a dual model whose carrier space is the Borel group SB(2,C), the Lie Poisson dual of SU(2). We thus introduce a parent action on the Drinfeldd double of the above mentioned groups, which describes the dynamics of a system with twice as many degrees of freedom as the two starting partners. Through a gauging procedure of its global symmetries both the rigid rotor and the dual model are recovered.
description: 16 pages. Conference proceedings
Semi-Passive Control Strategy using Piezoceramic Patches in Non Linear Commutation Architecture for Structural-Acoustic Smart Systems
Creators: name: Ciminello, Monica
Publisher: name: Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II
Year: 2009

description: The demands for novel smart damping materials can be summarized in: external power source not required for operation; device not needing to be tuned to a specific frequency; device operation not affected by changes in modal frequency; device suppressing vibration over a number of modes, weight and size minimized; self-contained unit device. This thesis focuses on these points and it shows that the dilemma between active and passive vibration control may be solved with a new approach, implementing a semipassive technique without penalties in terms of robustness and performance. Connecting a shunt circuit to a piezoelectric transducer leads to a simple and low cost vibration controller that is able to efficiently suppress unwanted structural vibrations: this is a way to fulfil the abovementioned demands. The objective of this work is to develop and validate by an experimental campaign a computational tool integrated with finite element Nastran software. An original 4-channel switched shunt control system has been realized using a tachometer device. The control system has been tested first of all on a simple cantilevered beam attaining a max vibrations reduction of 16.2 dB for the first bending mode. Further reference test article consisted of a 10 ply fibreglass laminate plate. A multimodal control has applied within a band range of 700Hz including the first seven modes. A maximum reduction of 16 dB has been found. Further numerical and experimental tests have been planned to extend the ability of the SSC to produce structural-borne sound reduction in acoustic rigid cavities for fluid-structure interaction problems. Numerical sound power radiation of an aluminium plate, controlled by synchronized switch system, compared with the experimental acoustic energy detected in acoustic room, has been planned in the ongoing activities.
Additional file 13 of A mega-aggregation framework synthesis of the barriers and facilitators to linkage, adherence to ART and retention in care among people living with HIV
Creators: name: Hendricks, Lynn
name: Eshun-Wilson, Ingrid
name: Rohwer, Anke
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 13. Summary of themes and included reviews linked to outcomes
Melting tungsten nanoparticles: a molecular dynamics study
Creators: name: Moitra, Amitava
name: Kim, Sungho
name: Houze, J.
name: Jelinek, B.
name: Park, Seong-Jin
name: German, Randall M.
name: Horstemeyer, M. F.
name: Kim, Seong-Gon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report a molecular dynamics simulation of melting of tungsten (W) nanoparticles. The modified embedded atom method (MEAM) interatomic potentials are used to describe the interaction between tungsten atoms. The melting temperature of unsupported tungsten nanoparticles of different sizes are found to decrease as the size of the particles decreases. The melting temperature obtained in the present study is approximately a decreasing function of inverse radius, in a good agreement with the predictions of thermodynamic models. We also observed that the melting of a W nanoparticle is preceded by the premelting of its outer skin at a temperature lower than its melting temperature.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures
CHILDHOOD EMERGENCIES AND FIRST AID: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW OF PREPAREDNESS AND RESPONSE
Creators: name: Saleh Nasser AL askar, Yahya Saleh Nasser Alyami, Yahya Saleh Nasser Alyami, Hussain Mhadi Ali Al Manssor , Hadi Hamad Ali Hamzan Al Manssor , Alhassan Ali Alyami , Mohammed Mana Saleh, Ali Mohmmad Mansor Beni Hamem, Saleh Ali Abdullah Alyami
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Childhood emergencies, ranging from minor injuries to life-threatening conditions, require prompt and effective first aid to prevent further harm or fatal outcomes. This systematic review explores the most common pediatric emergencies and evaluates the current practices, preparedness levels, and response strategies in administering first aid to children. By examining studies from 2010 onward, the review identifies the most prevalent emergencies, including choking, fractures, burns, and allergic reactions, and highlights best practices for intervention. It also assesses the knowledge, confidence, and preparedness of caregivers, parents, and teachers in responding to such situations. Despite advancements in first aid techniques, gaps in training and preparedness persist, particularly among untrained individuals. The review concludes that widespread first aid education, improved accessibility to first aid resources, and increased awareness can significantly enhance emergency outcomes for children. Further research is recommended to assess the effectiveness of new training methods and technologies in pediatric first aid preparedness.

Keywords: Childhood emergencies, pediatric first aid, emergency preparedness, choking, burns, fractures, allergic reactions, first aid training, caregivers, systematic review.
Ultra-fast pg/ml anthrax toxin (protective antigen) detection assay based on microwave-accelerated metal-enhanced fluorescence
Creators: name: Dragan, Anatoliy
name: Albrecht, Mark T.
name: Pavlovic, Radmila
name: Keane-Myers, Andrea M.
name: Geddes, Chris
Publisher: name: Elsevier
Year: 2012
Subjects: Surface-enhanced fluorescence
Protective antigen (PA)
Point-of care diagnostics
Plasmon-controlled fluorescence
Plasmon-enhanced fluorescence
Bio-warfare agent detection
Metal-enhanced fluorescence
Anthrax
Pathogen detection

description: Rapid presymptomatic diagnosis of Bacillus anthracis at early stages of infection plays a crucial role in prompt medical intervention to prevent rapid disease progression and accumulation of lethal levels of toxin. To detect low levels of the anthrax protective antigen (PA) exotoxin in biological fluids, we have developed a metal-enhanced fluorescence (MEF)–PA assay using a combination of the MEF effect and microwave-accelerated PA protein surface absorption. The assay is based on a modified version of our “rapid catch and signal” (RCS) technology previously designed for the ultra-fast and sensitive analysis of genomic DNA sequences. Technologically, the proposed MEF–PA assay uses standard 96-well plastic plates modified with silver island films (SiFs) grown within the wells. It is shown that the fluorescent probe, covalently attached to the secondary antibody, plays a crucial role of indicating complex formation (i.e., shows a strong MEF response to the recognition event). Microwave irradiation rapidly accelerates PA deposition onto the surface (“rapid catch”), significantly speeding up the MEF–PA assay and resulting in a total assay run time of less than 40min with an analytical sensitivity of less than 1pg/ml PA.
Quantum decoherence of interacting electrons in arrays of quantum dots and diffusive conductors
Creators: name: Golubev, D.
name: Zaikin, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop a new unified theoretical approach enabling us to non-perturbatively study the effect of electron-electron interactions on weak localization in arbitrary arrays of quantum dots. Our model embraces (i) weakly disordered conductors (ii) strongly disordered conductors and (iii) metallic quantum dots. In all these cases at $T \to 0$ the electron decoherence time is determined by the universal formula $τ_{φ0}\sim gτ_D/\ln (E_C/δ)$, where $g$, $τ_D$, $E_C$ and $δ$ are respectively dimensionless conductance, dwell time, charging energy and level spacing of a single dot. In the case (i) this formula yields $τ_{φ0}\propto D^3/\ln D$ ($D$ is the diffusion coefficient) and matches with our previous quasiclassical results [D.S. Golubev, A.D. Zaikin, Phys. Rev. Lett. 81 (1998) 1074], while in the cases (ii) and (iii) it illustrates new physics not explored earlier. A detailed comparison between our theory and numerous experiments provides an overwhelming evidence that zero temperature electron decoherence in disordered conductors is universally caused by electron-electron interactions rather than by magnetic impurities.
description: 18 pages, Proceedings
Additional file 1 of A mega-aggregation framework synthesis of the barriers and facilitators to linkage, adherence to ART and retention in care among people living with HIV
Creators: name: Hendricks, Lynn
name: Eshun-Wilson, Ingrid
name: Rohwer, Anke
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1. Search Strategies for electronic databases
Phonon and crystal field excitations in geometrically frustrated rare earth titanates
Creators: name: Lummen, T. T. A.
name: Handayani, I. P.
name: Donker, M. C.
name: Fausti, D.
name: Dhalenne, G.
name: Berthet, P.
name: Revcolevschi, A.
name: van Loosdrecht, P. H. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The phonon and crystal field excitations in several rare earth titanate pyrochlores are investigated. Magnetic measurements on single crystals of Gd2Ti2O7, Tb2Ti2O7, Dy2Ti2O7 and Ho2Ti2O7 are used for characterization, while Raman spectroscopy and terahertz time domain spectroscopy are employed to probe the excitations of the materials. The lattice excitations are found to be analogous across the compounds over the whole temperature range investigated (295-4 K). The resulting full phononic characterization of the R2Ti2O7 pyrochlore structure is then used to identify crystal field excitations observed in the materials. Several crystal field excitations have been observed in Tb2Ti2O7 in Raman spectroscopy for the first time, among which all of the previously reported excitations. The presence of additional crystal field excitations, however, suggests the presence of two inequivalent Tb3+ sites in the low temperature structure. Furthermore, the crystal field level at approximately 13 cm-1 is found to be both Raman and dipole active, indicating broken inversion symmetry in the system and thus undermining its current symmetry interpretation. In addition, evidence is found for a significant crystal field-phonon coupling in Tb2Ti2O7. These findings call for a careful reassessment of the low temperature structure of Tb2Ti2O7, which may serve to improve its theoretical understanding.
description: 13 pages, 7 figures
Equation of state of isospin-asymmetric nuclear matter in relativistic mean-field models with chiral limits
Creators: name: Jiang, Wei-Zhou
name: Li, Bao-An
name: Chen, Lie-Wen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using in-medium hadron properties according to the Brown-Rho scaling due to the chiral symmetry restoration at high densities and considering naturalness of the coupling constants, we have newly constructed several relativistic mean-field Lagrangians with chiral limits. The model parameters are adjusted such that the symmetric part of the resulting equation of state at supra-normal densities is consistent with that required by the collective flow data from high energy heavy-ion reactions, while the resulting density dependence of the symmetry energy at sub-saturation densities agrees with that extracted from the recent isospin diffusion data from intermediate energy heavy-ion reactions. The resulting equations of state have the special feature of being soft at intermediate densities but stiff at high densities naturally. With these constrained equations of state, it is found that the radius of a 1.4$M_\odot$ canonical neutron star is in the range of 11.9 km$\leq$R$\leq$13.1 km, and the maximum neutron star mass is around 2.0$M_\odot$ close to the recent observations.
description: 14 pages, 3 figures
Creating taxonomy crosswalks: Identifying classification parallels to support the national conversation on career outcomes
Creators: name: Collins, Tammy
name: Wheeler, Ryan
name: Stayart, Abby
name: Bankston, Adriana
name: Nguyen, Thi
name: Sinche, Melanie
Publisher: name: F1000 Research Limited
Year: 2019

description: The PhD Career Outcomes Committee has collated STEM and humanities/social sciences taxonomies from GCC member institutions and other interested groups (universities, consortia, research institutions and professional societies)--totaling more than 25 taxonomies investigated. We have identified equivalencies among these different taxonomies at the national level in order to provide institutions with tools to easily compare their career outcomes to others while simultaneously choosing a taxonomy that works best for them. Here, we present an analysis of the equivalencies identified, and we show examples of how outcomes generated using different taxonomies can be “unpacked” and “rolled-up” in order to be directly compared to one another. Beyond taxonomy parallels, there is also a need to visualize and present data in a parallel manner that facilitates ease of cross-comparison. We thus compare career outcome visualizations from a variety of sources--from platforms that were developed in-house to platforms that utilize Tableau or SAS. We hope that the data and resources presented here will provide institutions with additional tools to make sense of their own PhD career outcomes while also being able to easily compare their outcomes with others.
Learning Phonotactics Using ILP
Creators: name: Konstantopoulos, Stasinos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper describes experiments on learning Dutch phonotactic rules using Inductive Logic Programming, a machine learning discipline based on inductive logical operators. Two different ways of approaching the problem are experimented with, and compared against each other as well as with related work on the task. The results show a direct correspondence between the quality and informedness of the background knowledge and the constructed theory, demonstrating the ability of ILP to take good advantage of the prior domain knowledge available. Further research is outlined.