cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Improved characterization of Feshbach resonances and interaction potentials between $^{23}$Na and $^{87}$Rb atoms
Creators: name: Guo, Zhichao
name: Jia, Fan
name: Zhu, Bing
name: Li, Lintao
name: Hutson, Jeremy M.
name: Wang, Dajun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The ultracold mixture of \Na and \Rb atoms has become an important system for investigating physics in Bose-Bose atomic mixtures and for forming ultracold ground-state polar molecules. In this work, we provide an improved characterization of the most commonly used Feshbach resonance near 347.64 G between \Na and \Rb in their absolute ground states. We form Feshbach molecules using this resonance and measure their binding energies by dissociating them via magnetic field modulation. We use the binding energies to refine the singlet and triplet potential energy curves, using coupled-channel bound-state calculations. We then use coupled-channel scattering calculations on the resulting potentials to produce a high-precision mapping between magnetic field and scattering length. We also observe 10 additional $s$-wave Feshbach resonances for \Na and \Rb in different combinations of Zeeman sublevels of the $F = 1$ hyperfine states. Some of the resonances show 2-body inelastic decay due to spin exchange. We compare the resonance properties with coupled-channel scattering calculations that full take account of inelastic properties.
description: 10 pages, 6 figures
Ultracold bosons in disordered superlattices: Mott-insulators induced by tunneling
Creators: name: Muth, D.
name: Mering, A.
name: Fleischhauer, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyse the phase diagram of ultra-cold bosons in a one-dimensional superlattice potential with disorder using the time evolving block decimation algorithm for infinite sized systems (iTEBD). For degenerate potential energies within the unit cell of the superlattice loophole-shaped insulating phases with non-integer filling emerge with a particle-hole gap proportional to the boson hopping. Adding a small amount of disorder destroys this gap. For not too large disorder the loophole Mott regions detach from the axis of vanishing hopping giving rise to insulating islands. Thus the system shows a transition from a compressible Bose-glass to a Mott-insulating phase with increasing hopping amplitude. We present a straight forward effective model for the dynamics within a unit cell which provides a simple explanation for the emergence of Mott-insulating islands. In particular it gives rather accurate predictions for the inner critical point of the Bose-glass to Mott-insulator transition.
Cosmic ray Transport in Magnetohydrodynamic turbulence
Creators: name: Maiti, Snehanshu
name: Makwana, Kirit
name: Zhang, Heshou
name: Yan, Huirong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper studies cosmic ray (CR) transport in magneto hydrodynamic (MHD) turbulence. CR transport is strongly dependent on the properties of the magnetic turbulence. We perform test particle simulations to study the interactions of CR with both total MHD turbulence and decomposed MHD modes. The spatial diffusion coefficients and the pitch angle scattering diffusion coefficients are calculated from the test particle trajectories in turbulence. Our results confirm that the fast modes dominate the CR propagation, whereas Alfvén and slow modes are much less efficient and have shown similar pitch angle scattering rates. We investigate the cross field transport on large and small scales. On large/global scales, normal diffusion is observed and the diffusion coefficient is suppressed by $M_A^ζ$ compared to the parallel diffusion coefficients, with $ζ$ closer to 4 in Alfvén modes than that in total turbulence as theoretically expected. For the CR transport on scales smaller than the turbulence injection scale, both the local and global magnetic reference frames are adopted. Super diffusion is observed on such small scales in all the cases. Particularly, CR transport in Alfvén modes show clear Richardson diffusion in the local reference frame. Our results have broad applications to CRs in various astrophysical environments.
description: 10 pages, 11 figures, Accepted to APJ
High-efficiency water-window x-ray generation from nanowire array targets irradiated with femtosecond laser pulses
Creators: name: Shou, Yinren
name: Kong, Defeng
name: Wang, Pengjie
name: Mei, Zhusong
name: Cao, Zhengxuan
name: Pan, Zhuo
name: Li, Yunhui
name: Xu, Shirui
name: Qi, Guijun
name: Chen, Shiyou
name: Zhao, Jiarui
name: Zhao, Yanying
name: Fu, Changbo
name: Luo, Wen
name: Zhang, Guoqiang
name: Yan, Xueqing
name: Ma, Wenjun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate the high-efficiency generation of water-window soft x-ray emissions from polyethylene nanowire array targets irradiated by femtosecond laser pulses at the intensity of 4*10^19 W/cm^2. The experimental results indicate more than one order of magnitude enhancement of the water-window x-ray emissions from the nanowire array targets compared to the planar targets. The highest energy conversion efficiency from laser to water-window x-rays is measured as 0.5%/sr, which comes from the targets with the longest nanowires. Supported by particle-in-cell simulations and atomic kinetic codes, the physics that leads to the high conversion efficiency is discussed.
Stability of 4-dimensional Space-time from IIB Matrix Model via Improved Mean Field Approximation
Creators: name: Aoyama, T.
name: Kawai, H.
name: Shibusa, Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The origin of our four-dimensional space-time has been pursued through the dynamical aspects of the IIB matrix model via the improved mean field approximation. Former works have been focused on the specific choice of configurations as ansatz which preserve SO(d) rotational symmetry. In this report, an extended ansatz is proposed and examined up to 3rd order of approximation which includes both SO(4) ansatz and SO(7) ansatz in their respective limits. From the solutions of self-consistency condition represented by the extrema of free energy of the system, it is found that a part of solutions found in SO(4) or SO(7) ansatz disappear in the extended ansatz. It implies that the extension of ansatz works as a device to distinguish the stable solutions from the unstable ones. It is also found that there is a non-trivial accumulation of extrema including the SO(4)-preserving solution, which may lead to the formation of plateau.
description: 11 pages, 1 figure
Effect of Surface Treatment on High-Temperature Oxidation Behavior of IN 713C
Creators: name: Nowak, Wojciech J.
name: Wierzba, Bartek
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The effects of surface preparations on oxidation kinetics and oxide scale morphology for the commercially available Ni-based superalloy IN 713C have been investigated. The ground and polished samples were exposed in air at 800-1100C. The ground specimens were found to demonstrate lower oxidation kinetics compared to those after polishing. The grinding also affected the oxide scale morphology, resulting in a protective alumina scale, while the polished samples developed Ni-/Cr-rich mixed oxides on the surface. Better oxidation resistance of the ground surfaces is related to a higher concentration of defects in the nearsurface region introduced by cold working. These defects facilitate the outward transport of the scaleforming element Al and thus are beneficial for protective oxidation. The oxidation mechanism at lower temperatures was introduced. The model based on the generalized Darken method and multiphase approximation was proposed.
description: Version of Record
METHODS OF USING COMPUTER TECHNOLOGIES AND PROGRAMS WHEN CREATING THEMATIC DICTIONARIES IN ENGLISH AND UZBEK
Creators: name: Alisherova, Shahnoza
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: The creation of thematic dictionaries, a crucial tool for language learning, research, and cultural understanding, has been revolutionized by the advent of computer technologies and programs. This exploration delves into the innovative methods and approaches employed in utilizing computer technologies and programs for creating thematic dictionaries in English and Uzbek, highlighting both the commonalities and distinctions in their application.
Quantum Shock Waves - the case for non-linear effects in dynamics of electronic liquids
Creators: name: Bettelheim, Eldad
name: Abanov, Alexander G.
name: Wiegmann, Paul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using the Calogero model as an example, we show that the transport in interacting non-dissipative electronic systems is essentially non-linear. Non-linear effects are due to the curvature of the electronic spectrum near the Fermi energy. As is typical for non-linear systems, propagating wave packets are unstable. At finite time shock wave singularities develop, the wave packet collapses, and oscillatory features arise. They evolve into regularly structured localized pulses carrying a fractionally quantized charge - {\it soliton trains}. We briefly discuss perspectives of observation of Quantum Shock Waves in edge states of Fractional Quantum Hall Effect and a direct measurement of the fractional charge.
Measurement of Azimuthal Asymmetries With Respect To Both Beam Charge and Transverse Target Polarization in Exclusive Electroproduction of Real Photons
Creators: name: HERMES Collaboration
name: Airapetian, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Azimuthal asymmetries in exclusive electroproduction of real photons are measured for the first time with respect to transverse target polarisation, providing new constraints on Generalized Parton Distributions. From the same data set on a hydrogen target, new results for the beam-charge asymmetry are also extracted with better precision than those previously reported. By comparing model calculations with measured asymmetries attributed to the interference between the deeply virtual Compton scattering and Bethe-Heitler processes, a model-dependent constraint is obtained on the total angular momenta carried by up and down quarks in the nucleon.
description: 24 pages, 10 figures, 2 tables; 1 figure,3 references added, slight text change
Renormalization of the Orientable Non-commutative Gross-Neveu Model
Creators: name: Vignes-Tourneret, Fabien
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We prove that the non-commutative Gross-Neveu model on the two-dimensional Moyal plane is renormalizable to all orders. Despite a remaining UV/IR mixing, renormalizability can be achieved. However, in the massive case, this forces us to introduce an additional counterterm of the form "psibar i gamma^{0} gamma^{1} psi". The massless case is renormalizable without such an addition.
description: 45 pages, 5 figures
Letter from "The Kelowna Land & Orchard Company Limited" to Mr. J. [James] Goldie, November 10, 1910
Creators: name: Kelowna Land & Orchard Co.
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2017

description: Two letters to Mr. J. [James] Goldie from "The Kelowna Land & Orchard Company Limited", dated November 17, 1910, regarding tree orders and stock.
Deterministic Time-Bin Entanglement between a Single Photon and an Atomic Ensemble
Creators: name: Sun, Peng-Fei
name: Yu, Yong
name: An, Zi-Ye
name: Li, Jun
name: Yang, Chao-Wei
name: Bao, Xiao-Hui
name: Pan, Jian-Wei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Hybrid matter-photon entanglement is the building block for quantum networks. It is very favorable if the entanglement can be prepared with a high probability. In this paper, we report the deterministic creation of entanglement between an atomic ensemble and a single photon by harnessing Rydberg blockade. We design a scheme that creates entanglement between a single photon's temporal modes and the Rydberg levels that host a collective excitation, using a process of cyclical retrieving and patching. The hybrid entanglement is tested via retrieving the atomic excitation as a second photon and performing correlation measurements, which suggest an entanglement fidelity of 87.8%. Our source of matter-photon entanglement will enable the entangling of remote quantum memories with much higher efficiency.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures
Questionnaire on video clips with automatically generated subtitles
Creators: name: Tuominen, Tiina
name: Koponen, Maarit
name: Vitikainen, Kaisa
name: Sulubacak, Umut
name: Tiedemann, Jörg
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: questionnaire
subtitles
machine translation

description: Online questionnaire exploring viewers' opinions on video clips with automatically generated subtitles that have been machine-translated from Finnish into English.
Self-interaction Corrected Local Spin Density Theory of 5f Electron Localization in Actindes
Creators: name: Svane, A.
name: Petit, L.
name: Szotek, Z.
name: Temmerman, W. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The electronic structures of the actinide elements U, Np, Pu, Am, Cm and Bk are investigated within the self-interaction corrected local spin density approximation. This method allows to describe a dual character of the 5f electrons, some of which occupy localized and core-like states, while the remaining 5f electrons hybridize and form bands. Based on energetics the calculations predict delocalization/paramagnetism in the early actinides, and localization/anti-ferromagnetism in the later actinides. The corresponding calculated equilibrium volumes are in agreement with the experimental values. For Pu and Am, the method wrongly predicts magnetic ordering, but we find that the paramagnetic state gives a better desciption of cohesive properties. Under compression, in the later actinides, a localization-delocalization transition happens gradually as more and more f electrons become band-like with decreasing volume. Pu is already at this transition point at ambient conditions. Delocalization sets in for Am and Bk at a compression of $V\sim 0.75V_0$, for Cm at $V\sim 0.60 V_0$, where V_0 is the equilibrium volume, and the transition is complete for $V\sim 0.4-0.5 V_0$ in these three elements.
description: 13 pages, 10 figures; revised manuscript
Density fluctuations and a first-order chiral phase transition in non-equilibrium
Creators: name: Sasaki, C.
name: Friman, B.
name: Redlich, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The thermodynamics of a first-order chiral phase transition is considered in the presence of spinodal phase separation using the Nambu-Jona-Lasinio model in the mean field approximation. We focus on the behavior of conserved charge fluctuations. We show that in non-equilibrium the specific heat and charge susceptibilities diverge as the system crosses the isothermal spinodal lines.
description: 4 pages, 1 figure, to appear in the proceedings of Chiral07, November 13-16 2007, Osaka, Japan
The Betelgeuse Project III: Merger Characteristics
Creators: name: Sullivan, J. M.
name: Nance, S.
name: Wheeler, J. Craig
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We previously proposed that Betelgeuse might have been spun up by accreting a companion of about 1 solar mass. Here we explore in more detail the possible systematics of such a merger and a larger range of accreted masses. We use the stellar evolutionary code MESA to add angular momentum to a primary star in core helium burning, core carbon burning, or shell carbon burning. Our models provide a reasonable "natural" explanation for why Betelgeuse has a large, but sub-Keplerian equatorial velocity. They eject sufficient mass and angular momentum in rotationally-induced mass loss to reproduce the observed ratio of the equatorial velocity to escape velocity of Betelgeuse, ~0.23, within a factor of three nearly independent of the primary mass, the secondary mass, and the epoch at which merger occurs. Our models suggest that merger of a primary of somewhat less than 15 solar masses with secondaries of from 1 to 10 solar masses during core helium burning or core carbon burning could yield the equatorial rotational velocity of ~15 km/s attributed to Betelgeuse. For accreting models, a wave of angular momentum is halted at the composition boundary at the edge of the helium core. The inner core is thus not affected by the accretion of the companion in these simulations. Accretion has relatively little effect on the production of magnetic fields in the inner core. Our results do not prove, but do not negate that Betelgeuse might have ingested a companion of several solar masses.
description: 12 pages, 15 figures, accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal
Chandra X-Ray Observatory Observations of Neutron Stars: An Overview
Creators: name: Weisskopf, M. C.
name: Karovska, M.
name: Pavlov, G. G.
name: Zavlin, V. E.
name: Clarke, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a brief review of Chandra X-ray Observatory observations of neutron stars. The outstanding spatial and spectral resolution of this great observatory have allowed for observations of unprecedented clarity and accuracy. Many of these observations have provided new insights into neutron star physics. We present an admittedly biased and overly brief overview of these observations, highlighting some new discoveries made possible by the Observatory's unique capabilities. We also include our analysis of recent multiwavelength observations of the putative pulsar and its pulsar-wind nebula in the IC 443 SNR.
description: 10 pages, 14 figures. Submitted to Astronomy and Space Science. Based on presentation at Isolated Neutron Stars, London, 2006
Thermal expansion and polyamorphism of N2 - C60 solutions
Creators: name: Manzhelii, V. G.
name: Dolbin, A. V.
name: Esel'son, V. B.
name: Gavrilko, V. G.
name: Gadd, G. E.
name: Moricca, S.
name: Cassidy, D.
name: Sundqvist, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The linear thermal expansion coefficients a(T) of N2 - C60 solutions with 9.9% and 100% of the C60 lattice interstitials filled with N2 have been investigated in the interval 2.2 - 24 K. The dependence a(T) has a hysteresis suggesting co-existence of two types of orientational glasses in these solutions. The features of the glasses are compared. The characteristic times of phase transformations in the solutions and reorientation of C60 molecules have been estimated.
description: 10 pages, 7 figures, to be published in Fiz. Nizk. Temp. (Low Temp. Phys.)
Giant radio quasars: sample and basic properties
Creators: name: Kuźmicz, Agnieszka
name: Jamrozy, Marek
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the largest sample of giant radio quasars (GRQs), which are defined as having a projected linear size greater than 0.7 Mpc. The sample consists of 272 GRQs, of which 174 are new objects discovered through cross-matching the NRAO VLA Sky Survey (NVSS) and the Sloan Digital Sky Survey 14$^{\rm th}$ Data Release Quasar Catalogue (DR14Q) and confirmed using Faint Images of the Radio Sky at Twenty-Centimeters (FIRST) radio maps. In our analysis we compare the GRQs with 367 smaller, lobe-dominated radio quasars found using our search method, as well as with quasars from the SDSS DR14 Quasar Catalogue, investigating the parameters characterizing their radio emission (i.e. total and core radio luminosity, radio core prominence), optical properties (black hole masses, accretion rates, distribution in Eigenvector 1 plane) and infrared colours. For the GRQs and smaller radio quasars we find a strong correlation between [OIII] luminosity and radio luminosity at 1.4 GHz, indicating a strong connection between radio emission and conditions in the narrow-line region. We spot no significant differences between GRQs and smaller radio quasars, however we show that most extended radio quasars belong to a quasar population of evolved AGNs with large black hole masses and low accretion rates. We also show that GRQs have bluer W2-W3 colours compared to SDSS quasars with FIRST detections, indicating differences in the structure of the dusty torus.
description: 30 pages, 14 figures, accepted for publication in ApJSS
Big City Bird Citizen Science Project Mapped to the NSW Stage 4 Curriculum
Creators: name: Learning By Doing
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: citizen science, curriculum, teachers, lerning by doing

description: This document is a teacher resource, aimed to provide detailed curriculum mapping for selected citizen science projects - in this case the Big City Bird project. The resource includes information about projects aims, main curricular links (based on the Australian NSW stage 4 syllabus) and ways to engage students with the projects. This is our first detailed mapping document, and we are keen to receive your feedback (see below on how to provide feedback) and expand this work to additional projects and syllabi. For a full mapping of citizen science to the Australian curriculum see - https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5784687 Learning By Doing (LBD) is a research project led by an interdisciplinary group of researchers from The University of Sydney and Taronga Conservation Society Australia. We are passionate about citizen science and its benefits for education and are researching ways to bring citizen science into schools. LBD aims to inform efforts to embed citizen science into the Australian Science Curriculum and will support its goal ‘to develop an understanding of important science concepts and processes, the practices used to develop scientific knowledge, of science’s contribution to our culture and society, and its applications in our lives.’ We want to hear what you think! LBD is constantly trying to improve. If you’ve downloaded or used one of the resources designed by LBD, we would be grateful to receive your feedback through the following link – https://forms.gle/nMvnqkMcrrvMmUdx9
Dolichogenidea contergita Song & Chen 2004
Creators: name: Fernandez-Triana, Jose
name: Sakagami, Kota
name: Shimizu, So
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Braconidae
Dolichogenidea
Dolichogenidea contergita

description: D. contergita Song & Chen, 2004: Pterostigma brown; legs mostly yellow-brown; ovipositor sheath longer than metatibia and first segment of metatarsus.
description: Published as part of Fernandez-Triana, Jose, Sakagami, Kota & Shimizu, So, 2018, Dolichogenidea maetoi sp. nov. (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) from Japan, the first parasitoid wasp recorded from Hyblaea fortissima (Lepidoptera), pp. 167-175 in Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 58 (1) on page 171, DOI: 10.2478/aemnp-2018-0014, http://zenodo.org/record/3699178
Spectropolarimetric Study on Circumstellar Structure of Microquasar LS I +61deg 303
Creators: name: Nagae, Osamu
name: Kawabata, Koji S.
name: Fukazawa, Yasushi
name: Yamashita, Takuya
name: Ohsugi, Takashi
name: Uemura, Makoto
name: Chiyonobu, Shingo
name: Isogai, Mizuki
name: Cho, Toshinari
name: Suzuki, Masaaki
name: Okazaki, Akira
name: Okita, Kiichi
name: Yanagisawa, Kenshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present optical linear spectropolarimetry of the microquasar LS I +61$^{\circ}$ 303. The continuum emission is mildly polarized (up to 1.3 %) and shows almost no temporal change. We find a distinct change of polarization across the H$α$ emission line, indicating the existence of polarization component intrinsic to the microquasar. We estimate the interstellar polarization (ISP) component from polarization of the H$α$ line and derive the intrinsic polarization component. The wavelength dependence of the intrinsic component is well explained by Thomson scattering in equatorial disk of the Be-type mass donor. The position angle (PA) of the intrinsic polarization $\sim 25^{\circ}$ represents the rotational axis of the Be disk. This PA is nearly perpendicular to the PA of the radio jet found during quiescent phases. Assuming an orthogonal disk-jet geometry around the compact star, the rotational axis of the accretion disk is almost perpendicular to that of the Be disk. Moreover, according to the orbital parameters of the microquasar, the compact star is likely to get across the Be disk around their periastron passage. We discuss the peculiar circumstellar structure of this microquasar inferred from our observation and possible connection with its high-energy activities.
description: 17pages, 7figures; accepted for Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan
HIPERTENSÃO OCULAR SECUNDÁRIA À INJEÇÃO INTRAVÍTREA DE ANTIANGIOGÊNICO.
Creators: name: Ramalho Castro Siqueira, Luana Maria
name: Bernardine Silva Arruda, Letícia
name: Viana de Moura, Pedro Henrique
name: de Lucena Martins Ferreira, Juliana
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Artigo de revisão de literatura acerca do tema: Hipertensão ocular secundária à injeção intravítrea de anti-angiogênico.
Rogue ocean waves and the St. Petersburg paradox
Creators: name: Johns, Paul
name: Palffy-Muhoray, Peter
name: Fontana, Jake
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Powerful rogue ocean waves have been objects of fascination for centuries. Elusive and awe-inspiring, with the ability to inflict catastrophic damage, rogue waves remain unpredictable and imperfectly understood. To gain further insight into their behavior, we analyzed 3,441,188,683 ocean surface waves in order to determine the statistical height distribution of the largest waves. We found that the distribution of rare events which resolves the St. Petersburg paradox also describes the relative height distribution of the largest waves. This result will contribute to the modeling of ocean surface dynamics and improve the accuracy of marine weather forecasts.
Question Answering over Knowledge Base using Language Model Embeddings
Creators: name: Japa, Sai Sharath
name: Banafsheh, Rekabdar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Knowledge Base, represents facts about the world, often in some form of subsumption ontology, rather than implicitly, embedded in procedural code, the way a conventional computer program does. While there is a rapid growth in knowledge bases, it poses a challenge of retrieving information from them. Knowledge Base Question Answering is one of the promising approaches for extracting substantial knowledge from Knowledge Bases. Unlike web search, Question Answering over a knowledge base gives accurate and concise results, provided that natural language questions can be understood and mapped precisely to an answer in the knowledge base. However, some of the existing embedding-based methods for knowledge base question answering systems ignore the subtle correlation between the question and the Knowledge Base (e.g., entity types, relation paths, and context) and suffer from the Out Of Vocabulary problem. In this paper, we focused on using a pre-trained language model for the Knowledge Base Question Answering task. Firstly, we used Bert base uncased for the initial experiments. We further fine-tuned these embeddings with a two-way attention mechanism from the knowledge base to the asked question and from the asked question to the knowledge base answer aspects. Our method is based on a simple Convolutional Neural Network architecture with a Multi-Head Attention mechanism to represent the asked question dynamically in multiple aspects. Our experimental results show the effectiveness and the superiority of the Bert pre-trained language model embeddings for question answering systems on knowledge bases over other well-known embedding methods.
Numerical simulations of type III planetary migration: III. Outward migration of massive planets
Creators: name: Peplinski, A.
name: Artymowicz, P.
name: Mellema, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a numerical study of rapid, so called type III migration for Jupiter-sized planets embedded in a protoplanetary disc. We limit ourselves to the case of outward migration, and study in detail its evolution and physics, concentrating on the structure of the co-rotation and circumplanetary regions, and processes for stopping migration. We also consider the dependence of the migration behaviour on several key parameters. We perform this study using global, two-dimensional hydrodynamical simulations with adaptive mesh refinement. We find that the outward directed type III migration can be started if the initial conditions support $Z > 1$, that corresponds to initial value $M_\rmnΔ \ga 1.5$. Unlike the inward directed migration, in the outward migration the migration rate increases due to the growing of the volume of the co-orbital region. We find the migration to be strongly dependent on the rate of the mass accumulation in the circumplanetary disc, leading to two possible regimes of migration, fast and slow. The structure of the co-orbital region and the stopping mechanism differ between these two regimes.
description: 18 pages, 13 figures, submitted to MNRAS
Characterizations of scoring methods for preference aggregation
Creators: name: Chebotarev, Pavel
name: Shamis, Elena
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Multiagent Systems (cs.MA)
subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 91B08; 91B10; 91B12; 91B16

description: The paper surveys more than forty characterizations of scoring methods for preference aggregation and contains one new result. A general scoring operator is {\it self-consistent} if alternative $i$ is assigned a greater score than $j$ whenever $i$ gets no worse (better) results of comparisons and its `opponents' are assigned respectively greater (no smaller) scores than those of $j$. We prove that self-consistency is satisfied if and only if the application of a scoring operator reduces to the solution of a homogeneous system of algebraic equations with a monotone function on the left-hand side.
description: 33 pages; with tables and figures
Interplay of the orbital magnetic moment and the chiral magnetic effect in Shubnikov-de Haas quantum oscillations
Creators: name: Yang, Jinho
name: Kim, Ki-seok
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Emergent Lorentz symmetry and chiral anomaly are well known to play an essential role in anomalous transport phenomena of Weyl metals. In particular, the former causes a Berry-curvature induced orbital magnetic moment to modify the group velocity of Weyl electrons, and the latter results in the chiral magnetic effect to be responsible for a "dissipationless" longitudinal current channel of the bulk. In this study, we verify that intertwined these two effects can be measured in Shubnikov-de Haas (SdH) quantum oscillations, where a double-peak structure of the SdH oscillation appears to cause a kink in the Landau fan diagram. We examine three different cases which cover all possible experimental situations of external electric/magnetic fields and identify the experimental condition for the existence of the double-peak structure. We claim that interplay of the orbital magnetic moment and the chiral magnetic effect in SdH quantum oscillations is an interesting feature of the Weyl metal state.
Basics of Apparent Horizons in Black Hole Physics
Creators: name: Altas, Emel
name: Tekin, Bayram
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Event Horizon, a null hypersurface defining the boundary of the black hole region of a spacetime, is not particularly useful for evolving black holes since it is non-local in time. Instead, one uses the more tangible concept of Apparent Horizon for dynamical black holes out there in the sky that do all sorts of things: evolve, merge and feed on the environment. Event Horizon, being a gauge-independent, global property of the total spacetime is easy to define and locate in the stationary case; on the other hand, Apparent Horizon depends on the embedding of the surface in spacetime and hence it is somewhat tricky to define. But for numerical simulations in General Relativity, locating the Apparent Horizon helps one to excise the black hole region and the singularity to have a stable computation. Moreover, for stationary solutions the two horizons match. Here we give a detailed pedagogical exposition of the subject and work out the non-trivial case of a slowly moving and spinning black hole.
description: This paper is written for Prof. Tekin Dereli's 70th Birthday Festschrift, 19 pages, 3 figures
ОСНОВНЫЕ ПРИНЦИПЫ ПРАВОВОГО РЕГУЛИРОВАНИЯ БИОБЕЗОПАСНОСТИ
Creators: name: Нуруллаева, Ойдин
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Современные вызовы в области биобезопасности, включая распространение новых инфекций, биотехнологий и генетически модифицированных организмов, требуют создания эффективной правовой базы, регулирующей эти риски на международном и национальном уровнях.
The Fano-Rashba effect
Creators: name: Serra, Llorens
name: Sanchez, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the linear conductance of a semiconductor quantum wire containing a region where a local Rashba spin-orbit interaction is present. We show that Fano lineshapes appear in the conductance due to the formation of quasi bound states which interfere with the direct transmission along the wire, a mechanism that we term the Fano-Rashba effect. We obtain the numerical solution of the full Schrödinger equation using the quantum-transmitting-boundary method. The theoretical analysis is performed using the coupled-channel model, finding an analytical solution by ansatz. The complete numerical solution of the coupled-channel equations is also discussed, showing the validity of the ansatz approach.
description: 5 pages, proceedings of ICN+T 2006 (Basel, Switzerland, 30/7-4/9), accepted, to appear in J. Phys.: Conf. Ser
Effect of surface mechanical treatment on the oxidation behavior of FeAl-model alloy
Creators: name: Nowak, Wojciech J.
name: Serafin, Daria
name: Wierzba, Bartek
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Fe based alloys are commonly used in almost every sector of human life. For different reasons, the surfaces of the real parts are prepared using different methods, e.g., mirror-like polishing, grit-blasting, etc. The purpose of the present work is to answer the question how the surface preparation influences the oxidation behavior of Fe-based alloys. To answer this question, a high purity model alloy, Fe 5 wt Al, was isothermally oxidized in a thermogravimetrical furnace. The post-exposure analysis included SEM/EDS (WDS) and XRD. The surface roughness was determined by a contact and laser profilometer. The obtained results demonstrate that the mechanical surface preparation influences oxidation kinetics as well as the microstructure of the oxide scale formed on the alloy at both studied temperatures. Namely, polishing and grinding caused local formation of Fe-rich nodules and sub-layer of protective Al2O3. In contrast, gritblasting leads to the formation of a thick outer Fe-oxide and internal aluminum nitridation. A significant increase in the oxidation rate of the material after gritblasting was attributed to grain refinement in the near-surface region, resulting in an increase in easy diffusion paths, namely grain boundaries.
description: Version of Record
Zur Entwicklung eines islamischen Umweltrechts
Creators: name: Abū-Ṣuwai, Muṣṭafā Maḥmūd
Publisher: name: Ökumenische Rundschau
Year: 2025

description: Ökumenische Rundschau, Bd. 65 Nr. 2 (2016): Ökumenische Rundschau, Band 65, Heft 2
Non equilibrium dynamics of disordered systems : understanding the broad continuum of relevant time scales via a strong-disorder RG in configuration space
Creators: name: Monthus, Cecile
name: Garel, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that an appropriate description of the non-equilibrium dynamics of disordered systems is obtained through a strong disorder renormalization procedure in {\it configuration space}, that we define for any master equation with transitions rates $W ({\cal C} \to {\cal C}')$ between configurations. The idea is to eliminate iteratively the configuration with the highest exit rate $W_{out} ({\cal C})= \sum_{{\cal C}'} W ({\cal C} \to {\cal C}')$ to obtain renormalized transition rates between the remaining configurations. The multiplicative structure of the new generated transition rates suggests that, for a very broad class of disordered systems, the distribution of renormalized exit barriers defined as $B_{out} ({\cal C}) \equiv - \ln W_{out}({\cal C})$ will become broader and broader upon iteration, so that the strong disorder renormalization procedure should become asymptotically exact at large time scales. We have checked numerically this scenario for the non-equilibrium dynamics of a directed polymer in a two dimensional random medium.
description: v2=final version
IDA: Improved Data Augmentation Applied to Salient Object Detection
Creators: name: Ruiz, Daniel V.
name: Krinski, Bruno A.
name: Todt, Eduardo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: In this paper, we present an Improved Data Augmentation (IDA) technique focused on Salient Object Detection (SOD). Standard data augmentation techniques proposed in the literature, such as image cropping, rotation, flipping, and resizing, only generate variations of the existing examples, providing a limited generalization. Our method combines image inpainting, affine transformations, and the linear combination of different generated background images with salient objects extracted from labeled data. Our proposed technique enables more precise control of the object's position and size while preserving background information. The background choice is based on an inter-image optimization, while object size follows a uniform random distribution within a specified interval, and the object position is intra-image optimal. We show that our method improves the segmentation quality when used for training state-of-the-art neural networks on several famous datasets of the SOD field. Combining our method with others surpasses traditional techniques such as horizontal-flip in 0.52% for F-measure and 1.19% for Precision. We also provide an evaluation in 7 different SOD datasets, with 9 distinct evaluation metrics and an average ranking of the evaluated methods.
description: Accepted for presentation at SIBGRAPI 2020 - 33rd Conference on Graphics, Patterns and Images
Units in integral cyclic group rings for order LRPS
Creators: name: Ferguson, Ronald Aubrey
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: For a finite abelian group A, the group of units in the integral group ring ZA may be written as the direct product of its torsion units ±A with a free group U2A . Of finite index in U2A is the group ΩA, the elements of U2 which are mapped to cyclotomic units by each character of A. The order of U2A/ΩA depends on class numbers [formula] in real cyclotomic rings [formula]. Of finite index in ΩA is the group of constructible units YA, for which a multiplicative basis may be explicitly written. The order of ΩA/YA is the circular index c(A). In many cases, for example where A is a p-group with p a regular prime, this index is trivial. This thesis develops an inductive theory for determining c(Cn) where Cn is a cyclic group of order n = lrps, with I and p distinct primes, and also for giving some description of the group ΩCnjYCn. This is a continuation of the work of Hoechsmann for the case n = Ip. It turns out that the methods required for n = lrps are, in general, very different from the ones used for r = s = 1.
Collision system size scan for light (anti-)nuclei and (anti-)hypertriton production in high energy nuclear collisions
Creators: name: She, Zhi-Lei
name: Chen, Gang
name: Zhou, Dai-Mei
name: Zheng, Liang
name: Xie, Yi-Long
name: Xu, Hong-Ge
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The production of light (anti-)nuclei and (anti-)hypertriton in a recent collsion system size scan program proposed for the STAR experiment at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) is investigated by using the dynamically constrained phase-space coalescence model and the parton and hadron cascade model. The collision system dependence of yield ratios for deuteron to proton, helium-3 to proton, and hypertriton to $Λ$-hyperon with the corresponding values for antiparticles is predicted. The work presents that for the yield ratios a significant difference exists between (hyper)nuclei and their anti-(hyper)nuclei. Besides, much more suppression for (anti-)hypernuclei than light (anti-)nuclei is present. We further investigate strangeness population factors $s_3$ as a function of atomic mass number $A$. Our present study can provide a reference for a upcoming collision system scan program at RHIC.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures
Einstein Supergravity and New Twistor String Theories
Creators: name: Abou-Zeid, Mohab
name: Hull, Christopher M.
name: Mason, Lionel J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: A family of new twistor string theories is constructed and shown to be free from world-sheet anomalies. The spectra in space-time are calculated and shown to give Einstein supergravities with second order field equations instead of the higher derivative conformal supergravities that arose from earlier twistor strings. The theories include one with the spectrum of N=8 supergravity, another with the spectrum of N=4 supergravity coupled to N=4 super-Yang-Mills, and a family with $N\ge 0$ supersymmetries with the spectra of self-dual supergravity coupled to self-dual super-Yang-Mills. The non-supersymmetric string with N=0 gives self-dual gravity coupled to self-dual Yang-Mills and a scalar. A three-graviton amplitude is calculated for the N=8 and N=4 theories and shown to give a result consistent with the cubic interaction of Einstein supergravity.
description: LaTeX, 69 pages, no figures; v2: minor corrections made, footnotes and references added
Modeling planar degenerate wetting and anchoring in nematic liquid crystals
Creators: name: Fournier, Jean-Baptiste
name: Galatola, Paolo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a simple surface potential favoring the planar degenerate anchoring of nematic liquid crystals, i.e., the tendency of the molecules to align parallel to one another along any direction parallel to the surface. We show that, at lowest order in the tensorial Landau-de Gennes order-parameter, fourth-order terms must be included. We analyze the anchoring and wetting properties of this surface potential. In the nematic phase, we find the desired degenerate planar anchoring, with positive scalar order-parameter and some surface biaxiality. In the isotropic phase, we find, in agreement with experiments, that the wetting layer may exhibit a uniaxial ordering with negative scalar order-parameter. For large enough anchoring strength, this negative ordering transits towards the planar degenerate state.
A duality approach for the weak approximation of stochastic differential equations
Creators: name: Clément, Emmanuelle
name: Kohatsu-Higa, Arturo
name: Lamberton, Damien
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60H07, 60H10, 60H35, 65C30 (Primary)

description: In this article we develop a new methodology to prove weak approximation results for general stochastic differential equations. Instead of using a partial differential equation approach as is usually done for diffusions, the approach considered here uses the properties of the linear equation satisfied by the error process. This methodology seems to apply to a large class of processes and we present as an example the weak approximation of stochastic delay equations.
description: Published at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/105051606000000060 in the Annals of Applied Probability (http://www.imstat.org/aap/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)