cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Supplementary File 1 from Fossil Atmospheres: a case study of citizen science in question-driven palaeontological research.
Creators: name: Soul, Laura C.
name: Barclay, Richard S.
name: Bolton, Amy
name: Wing, Scott L.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Plant Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 40308 Palaeontology (incl. Palynology)
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences

description: Plots of improvement by image counted for each individual user. The accuracy of each citizen scientist's stomatal index estimate, relative to the estimate of RSB, plotted as a ‘time series’ in the order in which they classified them, as a proxy for experience.
Overexpression of Manganese Superoxide Dismutase Prevents Alcohol-induced Liver Injury in the Rat
Creators: name: Mason, Ronald P.
name: Nakagami, Mikio
name: Thurman, Ronald G.
name: Wheeler, Michael D.
name: Kadiiska, Maria
name: Uesugi, Takehiko
name: Dikalova, Anna
name: Connor, Henry D.
name: Bradford, Blair U.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2001

description: Mitochondria are thought to play a major role in hepatic oxidative stress associated with alcohol-induced liver injury. Thus, the hypothesis that delivery of the mitochondrial isoform of superoxide dismutase (Mn-SOD) via recombinant adenovirus would reduce alcohol-induced liver injury was tested. Rats were given recombinant adenovirus containing Mn-SOD (Ad.SOD2) or beta-galactosidase (Ad.lacZ) and then fed alcohol enterally for 4 weeks. Mn-SOD expression and activity of Ad.SOD2 in liver mitochondria of infected animals was increased nearly 3-fold compared with Ad.lacZ-infected controls. Mitochondrial glutathione levels in Ad.lacZ-infected animals were decreased after 4 weeks of chronic ethanol, as expected, but were unchanged in Ad.SOD2-infected animals. Alanine aminotransferase was elevated significantly by ethanol, an effect that was prevented by Ad.SOD2. Moreover, pathology (e.g. the sum of steatosis, inflammation, and necrosis) was elevated dramatically by ethanol in Ad.lacZ-treated rats. This effect was also blunted in animals infected with Ad.SOD2. Neutrophil infiltration was increased about 3-fold in livers from both Ad.lacZ- and Ad.SOD2-infected rats by ethanol treatment. Moreover, ESR-detectable free radical adducts in bile were increased about 8-fold by ethanol. Using (13)C-labeled ethanol, it was determined that nearly 60% of total adducts were due to the alpha-hydroxyethyl radical adduct. This increase in radical formation was blocked completely by Ad.SOD2 infection. Furthermore, apoptosis of hepatocytes was increased about 5-fold by ethanol, an effect also blocked by Ad.SOD2. Interestingly, tumor necrosis factor-alpha mRNA was elevated to the same extent in both Ad.lacZ- and Ad.SOD2-infected animals follows ethanol exposure. These data suggest that hepatocyte mitochondrial oxidative stress is involved in alcohol-induced liver damage and likely follows Kupffer cell activation, cytokine production, and neutrophil infiltration. These results also support the hypothesis that mitochondrial oxidant production is a critical factor in parenchymal cell death caused by alcohol.
Protein Kinase C Phosphorylates RGS2 and Modulates Its Capacity for Negative Regulation of Gα 11 Signaling
Creators: name: Hollinger, Susanne
name: Hepler, John R.
name: Waldo, Gary L.
name: Cunningham, Michelle L.
name: Harden, T. Kendall
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2001

description: RGS proteins (regulators of G protein signaling) attenuate heterotrimeric G protein signaling by functioning as both GTPase-activating proteins (GAPs) and inhibitors of G protein/effector interaction. RGS2 has been shown to regulate Galpha(q)-mediated inositol lipid signaling. Although purified RGS2 blocks PLC-beta activation by the nonhydrolyzable GTP analog guanosine 5'-O-thiophosphate (GTPgammaS), its capacity to regulate inositol lipid signaling under conditions where GTPase-promoted hydrolysis of GTP is operative has not been fully explored. Utilizing the turkey erythrocyte membrane model of inositol lipid signaling, we investigated regulation by RGS2 of both GTP and GTPgammaS-stimulated Galpha(11) signaling. Different inhibitory potencies of RGS2 were observed under conditions assessing its activity as a GAP versus as an effector antagonist; i.e. RGS2 was a 10-20-fold more potent inhibitor of aluminum fluoride and GTP-stimulated PLC-betat activity than of GTPgammaS-promoted PLC-betat activity. We also examined whether RGS2 was regulated by downstream components of the inositol lipid signaling pathway. RGS2 was phosphorylated by PKC in vitro to a stoichiometry of approximately unity by both a mixture of PKC isozymes and individual calcium and phospholipid-dependent PKC isoforms. Moreover, RGS2 was phosphorylated in intact COS7 cells in response to PKC activation by 4beta-phorbol 12beta-myristate 13alpha-acetate and, to a lesser extent, by the P2Y(2) receptor agonist UTP. In vitro phosphorylation of RGS2 by PKC decreased its capacity to attenuate both GTP and GTPgammaS-stimulated PLC-betat activation, with the extent of attenuation correlating with the level of RGS2 phosphorylation. A phosphorylation-dependent inhibition of RGS2 GAP activity was also observed in proteoliposomes reconstituted with purified P2Y(1) receptor and Galpha(q)betagamma. These results identify for the first time a phosphorylation-induced change in the activity of an RGS protein and suggest a mechanism for potentiation of inositol lipid signaling by PKC.
(1781) Katherine Hollway
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Quantitative Analysis of the Effect of Phosphoinositide Interactions on the Function of Dbl Family Proteins
Creators: name: Pruitt, Wendy M.
name: Snyder, Jason T.
name: Der, Channing J.
name: Sondek, John
name: Rossman, Kent L.
name: Baumeister, Mark A.
name: Siderovski, David P.
name: Lemmon, Mark A.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2001

description: Normally, Rho GTPases are activated by the removal of bound GDP and the concomitant loading of GTP catalyzed by members of the Dbl family of guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs). This family of GEFs invariantly contain a Dbl homology (DH) domain adjacent to a pleckstrin homology (PH) domain, and while the DH domain usually is sufficient to catalyze nucleotide exchange, possible roles for the conserved PH domain remain ambiguous. Here we demonstrate that the conserved PH domains of three distinct Dbl family proteins, intersectin, Dbs, and Tiam1, selectively bind lipid vesicles only when phosphoinositides are present. While the PH domains of intersectin and Dbs promiscuously bind several multiphosphorylated phosphoinositides, Tiam1 selectively interacts with phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate (K(D) approximately 5-10 microm). In addition, and in contrast to recent reports, catalysis of nucleotide exchange on nonprenylated Rac1 provided by various extended portions of Tiam1 is not influenced by (a) soluble phosphoinositide head groups, (b) dibutyl versions of phosphoinositides, or (c) lipid vesicles containing phosphoinositides. Likewise, GEF activity afforded by DH/PH fragments of intersectin and Dbs are also not altered by phosphoinositide interactions. These results strongly suggest that unless all relevant components are localized to a lipid membrane surface, Dbl family GEFs generally are not intrinsically modulated by binding phosphoinositides.
Identifying inter-thermal glides from Social eavesdropping allows for a more risky gliding strategy by thermal-soaring birds
Creators: name: Williams, Hannah J.
name: King, Andrew J.
name: Duriez, Olivier
name: Börger, Luca
name: Shepard, Emily L. C.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biological Engineering
subject: 110601 Biomechanics
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60104 Cell Metabolism
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 60199 Biochemistry and Cell Biology not elsewhere classified
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Glides were clearly identifiable as periods of straight flight and sustained altitude loss between bouts of circling behaviour (see Williams et al. 2015 for details). The circling is represented by a consistent sine-wave when the tri-axial magnetometry data is plotted against time. This indicates turning within the thermal updraft.
Reduced Expression of Dentin Sialophosphoprotein Is Associated with Dysplastic Dentin in Mice Overexpressing Transforming Growth Factor-β1 in Teeth
Creators: name: Thyagarajan, Tamizchelvi
name: Kulkarni, Ashok B.
name: Sreenath, Taduru
name: Wright, J. Tim
name: Cho, Andrew
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2001

description: Transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta1 is expressed in developing tooth from the initiation stage through adulthood. Odontoblast-specific expression of TGF-beta1 in the tooth continues throughout life; however, the precise biological functions of this growth factor in the odontoblasts are not clearly understood. Herein, we describe the generation of transgenic mice that overexpress active TGF-beta1 predominantly in the odontoblasts. Teeth of these mice show a significant reduction in the tooth mineralization, defective dentin formation, and a relatively high branching of dentinal tubules. Dentin extracellular matrix components such as type I and III collagens are increased and deposited abnormally in the dental pulp, similar to the hereditary human tooth disorders such as dentin dysplasia and dentinogenesis imperfecta. Calcium, one of the crucial inorganic components of mineralization, is also apparently increased in the transgenic mouse teeth. Most importantly, the expression of dentin sialophosphoprotein (dspp), a candidate gene implicated in dentinogenesis imperfecta II (MIM 125420), is significantly down-regulated in the transgenic teeth. Our results provide in vivo evidence suggesting that TGF-beta1 mediated expression of dspp is crucial for dentin mineralization. These findings also provide for the first time a direct experimental evidence indicating that decreased dspp gene expression along with the other cellular changes in odontoblasts may result in human hereditary dental disorders like dentinogenesis imperfecta II (MIM 125420) and dentin dysplasia (MIM 125400 and 125420).
RERG Is a Novel ras -related, Estrogen-regulated and Growth-inhibitory Gene in Breast Cancer
Creators: name: Murphy, Gretchen A.
name: Botstein, David
name: Seitz, Robert S.
name: Gau, Chia Ling
name: Andres, Douglas A.
name: Tamanoi, Fuyuhiko
name: Der, Channing J.
name: Perou, Charles M.
name: Shao, Haipeng
name: Kimel, Tracy
name: Finlin, Brian S.
name: Chiu, Yen Feng
name: Brown, Patrick O.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2001

description: Using microarray analysis, we identified a unique ras superfamily gene, termed RERG (ras-related and estrogen-regulated growth inhibitor), whose expression was decreased or lost in a significant percentage of primary human breast tumors that show a poor clinical prognosis. Importantly, high RERG expression correlated with expression of a set of genes that define a breast tumor subtype that is estrogen receptor-positive and associated with a slow rate of tumor cell proliferation and a favorable prognosis for these cancer patients. RERG mRNA expression was induced rapidly in MCF-7 cells stimulated by beta-estradiol and repressed by tamoxifen treatment. Like Ras, RERG protein exhibited intrinsic GDP/GTP binding and GTP hydrolysis activity. Unlike Ras proteins, RERG lacks a known recognition signal for COOH-terminal prenylation and was localized primarily in the cytoplasm. Expression of RERG protein in MCF-7 breast carcinoma cells resulted in a significant inhibition of both anchorage-dependent and anchorage-independent growth in vitro and inhibited tumor formation in nude mice. These features of RERG are strikingly different from most Ras superfamily GTP-binding pro-teins and suggest that the loss of RERG expression may contribute to breast tumorigenesis.
Supplementary File 3 from Fossil Atmospheres: a case study of citizen science in question-driven palaeontological research.
Creators: name: Soul, Laura C.
name: Barclay, Richard S.
name: Bolton, Amy
name: Wing, Scott L.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Plant Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 40308 Palaeontology (incl. Palynology)
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences

description: Plot from main figure 4 including standard deviations.
(1782) James Hollway
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
THE STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS OF THE ENGLISH TOURISTIC TERMINOLOGY
Creators: name: Khudoyberdiyeva, Oydin
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: This article due to the history of the touristic terminology and also structural analysis of the English touristic terminology. Existing tourism terms in the Uzbek language Creation of annotated, electronic and translation dictionaries in Uzbek one of the important tasks of terminology.
(1777) John Bridger
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Dynamic and rate-dependent yielding behavior of Co0.9Ni0.1 nanocluster based magnetorheological fluids
Creators: name: Arief, Injamamul
name: Sahoo, Rasmita
name: Mukhopadhyay, P. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we performed steady shear and oscillatory magnetorheological (MR) studies in magnetic fluids containing CoNi nanoclusters of 450 nm in diameter. Co-rich nanoclusters were synthesized by conventional homogeneous nucleation without any external surfactant or reducing agent in liquid polyol at elevated temperature. The x-ray diffraction, energy dispersive X-Ray analysis, scanning and transmission electron microscopy studies were done for analyzing the sample composition and morphology. Two variants of fluid samples were prepared by dispersing 15 vol% and 20 Vol% of CoNi powders in castor oil. Room temperature steady magnetoshear studies indicate viscoplastic behavior with stronger dependence of static yield stress on magnetization than a dipolar coupling that was operational in the dynamic yield stress. Magnetosweep measurements at constant shear rate showed interesting relaxation at high magnetic fields. We also explored dynamical elastic behavior through oscillatory magnetorheological studies under both strain sweep and frequency sweep modes, and showed glass transition like phenomenon occurring in them above critical shear amplitudes.
description: Keywords: CoNi nanoclusters, magnetorheology, viscoplastic behavior, yield stress, viscous relaxation, multipolar interaction. 21 pages, 11 figures
RGS12 and RGS14 GoLoco Motifs Are Gα i Interaction Sites with Guanine Nucleotide Dissociation Inhibitor Activity
Creators: name: De Vries, Luc
name: Siderovski, David P.
name: Tronchère, Hélène
name: Farquhar, Marilyn Gist
name: Kimple, Randall J.
name: Behe, Cynthia I.
name: Morris, Rebecca A.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2001

description: The regulators of G-protein signaling (RGS) proteins accelerate the intrinsic guanosine triphosphatase activity of heterotrimeric G-protein alpha subunits and are thus recognized as key modulators of G-protein-coupled receptor signaling. RGS12 and RGS14 contain not only the hallmark RGS box responsible for GTPase-accelerating activity but also a single G alpha(i/o)-Loco (GoLoco) motif predicted to represent a second G alpha interaction site. Here, we describe functional characterization of the GoLoco motif regions of RGS12 and RGS14. Both regions interact exclusively with G alpha(i1), G alpha(i2), and G alpha(i3) in their GDP-bound forms. In GTP gamma S binding assays, both regions exhibit guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor (GDI) activity, inhibiting the rate of exchange of GDP for GTP by G alpha(i1). Both regions also stabilize G alpha(i1) in its GDP-bound form, inhibiting the increase in intrinsic tryptophan fluorescence stimulated by AlF(4)(-). Our results indicate that both RGS12 and RGS14 harbor two distinctly different G alpha interaction sites: a previously recognized N-terminal RGS box possessing G alpha(i/o) GAP activity and a C-terminal GoLoco region exhibiting G alpha(i) GDI activity. The presence of two, independent G alpha interaction sites suggests that RGS12 and RGS14 participate in a complex coordination of G-protein signaling beyond simple G alpha GAP activity.
(1774) Rebecca Frances Shiffner
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Singularities in large deviation functions
Creators: name: Baek, Yongjoo
name: Kafri, Yariv
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Large deviation functions of configurations exhibit very different behaviors in and out of thermal equilibrium. In particular, they exhibit singularities in a broad range of non-equilibrium models, which are absent in equilibrium. These singularities were first identified in finite-dimensional systems in the weak-noise limit. Recent studies have shown that they are also present in driven diffusive systems with an infinite-dimensional configuration space. This short review describes singularities appearing in both types of systems under a unified framework, presenting a classification of singularities into two broad categories. The types of singularities which were identified for finite-dimensional cases are compared to those found in driven diffusive systems.
description: Contribution to the JSTAT Special Issue based on the Galileo Galilei Institute Workshop "Advances in Nonequilibrium Statistical Mechanics"; 31 pages, 12 figures
Src Family Kinases Mediate Epithelial Na + Channel Inhibition by Endothelin
Creators: name: Milgram, Sharon L.
name: Gilmore, Elaine S.
name: Stutts, M. Jackson
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2001

description: The epithelial Na(+) channel (ENaC) is implicated in the pathogenesis of salt-sensitive hypertension. Recent evidence from animal models suggests that the vasoactive peptide, endothelin (ET-1), may be an important negative regulator of ENaC in vivo. We investigated the signaling pathway involved in endothelin-mediated ENaC inhibition. Experiments were performed in NIH 3T3 cells stably expressing genes for the three (alpha, beta, and gamma) ENaC subunits. In whole cell patch clamp experiments, we found that ET-1 treatment induced a dose-dependent decrease in amiloride-sensitive currents. Using receptor-specific antagonists, we determined that the effects of ET-1 were attributed to activation of the ET(B) receptor. Moreover, the inhibitory effect of ET-1 on ENaC could be completely blocked when cells were pretreated with the selective Src family kinase inhibitor, PP2. Further studies revealed that basal Src family kinase activity strongly regulates ENaC whole cell currents and single channel gating. These results suggest that Src family kinases lie in a signaling pathway activated by ET-1 and are components of a novel negative regulatory cascade resulting in ENaC inhibition.
Actual helping - scenario from Variability in repeated economic games: comparing Trust game decisions to other social trust measures
Creators: name: Safra, L.
name: Lettinga, N.
name: Jacquet, P. O.
name: Chevallier, C.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 170299 Cognitive Science not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: 179999 Psychology and Cognitive Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 60801 Animal Behaviour
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Actual helping question and instructions that respondents are presented with
Microplastics in the sediment of Matagorda & San Antonio Bays: separation and identification
Creators: name: Mallinson, Caroline
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 2022
Subjects: microplastic
benthic microplastic
point source plastic
density separation
lithium metatungstate
microscope-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR)
spatial distribution
Texas coast

description: In the marine environment microplastics in surface waters are more easily accessible and analyzed, leaving those in the benthic environment relatively understudied due to the challenge in purifying the plastics from mineral and natural organic matter. In this study we validated a methodology using density separation to isolate plastics in marine sediment based on a set of homemade stainless-steel apparatus and lithium metatungstate solution. Using this method, we further obtained a baseline dataset of microplastics in surface sediments at 7 sites of Matagorda and San Antonio Bays, including polymer composition and potential spatial distribution patterns of the microplastics. FTIR results detected 17 different polymer types, as well as various rubber polymers. Multiple plastic morphology types were visually identified including disks, fibers, and fragments. the number of microplastics per gram of sediment was highest near a point source plastic plant near the Lavaca Ricer output. No other clear patterns were observed, suggesting the influence of currents or winds in the distribution of the sediment and microplastics.
MMonCa: An Object Kinetic Monte Carlo simulator for damage irradiation evolution and defect diffusion
Creators: name: Martin-Bragado, Ignacio
name: Rivera, Antonio
name: Valles, Gonzalo
name: Gomez-Selles, Jose Luis
name: Caturla, María J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work we introduce the Object Kinetic Monte Carlo (OKMC) simulator MMonCa and simulate the defect evolution in three different materials. We start by explaining the theory of OKMC and showing some details of how such theory is implemented by creating generic structures and algorithms in the objects that we want to simulate. Then we successfully reproduce simulated results for defect evolution in iron, silicon and tungsten using our simulator and compare with available experimental data and similar simulations. The comparisons validate MMonCa showing that it is powerful and flexible enough to be customized and used to study the damage evolution of defects in a wide range of solid materials.
description: 11 pages, 10 figures
Citizen scientist counts versus expert counts from Fossil atmospheres: a case study of citizen science in question-driven palaeontological research
Creators: name: Soul, Laura C.
name: Barclay, Richard S.
name: Bolton, Amy
name: Wing, Scott L.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Plant Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 40308 Palaeontology (incl. Palynology)
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences

description: Plot from main figure 4 including standard deviations.
Strong RNA Splicing Enhancers Identified by a Modified Method of Cycled Selection Interact with SR Protein
Creators: name: Kole, Ryszard
name: Tian, Huicheng
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2001

description: A modified method of cycled selection was used to characterize splicing enhancers for exon inclusion from a pool of beta-globin-based three exon/two intron pre-mRNAs with a variable number of random nucleotides incorporated in the internal exon. The pre-mRNAs generated by this method contained random sequences ranging from 0 to 18 nucleotides in length. This method was used to isolate particular splicing enhancer motifs from a previously enriched pool of extremely diverse enhancers. After four cycles of selection for mRNA containing the internal exon, a distinct enhancer motif (GACGAC...CAGCAG) was highly enriched. This motif served as strong splicing enhancers in a heterogeneous exon. We have shown here that the selected enhancer motif promotes exon inclusion through specific interaction with SRp30. We have also shown that although present in many of our selected splicing enhancers conforming to this motif, a typical purine-rich enhancer sequence is dispensable for either enhancer activity or binding with SRp30.
The Ataxia telangiectasia Gene Product Is Required for Oxidative Stress-induced G 1 and G 2 Checkpoint Function in Human Fibroblasts
Creators: name: Shackelford, Rodney E.
name: Leadon, Steven A.
name: Innes, Cynthia L.
name: Paules, Richard S.
name: Heinloth, Alexandra N.
name: Sieber, Stella O.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2001

description: Ataxia telangiectasia (AT) is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by neuronal degeneration accompanied by ataxia, telangiectasias, acute cancer predisposition, and sensitivity to ionizing radiation (IR). Cells from individuals with AT show unusual sensitivity to IR, severely attenuated cell cycle checkpoint functions, and poor p53 induction in response to IR compared with normal human fibroblasts (NHFs). The gene mutated in AT (ATM) has been cloned, and its product, pATM, has IR-inducible kinase activity. The AT phenotype has been suggested to be a consequence, at least in part, of an inability to respond appropriately to oxidative damage. To test this hypothesis, we examined the ability of NHFs and AT dermal fibroblasts to respond to t-butyl hydroperoxide and IR treatment. AT fibroblasts exhibit, in comparison to NHFs, increased sensitivity to the toxicity of t-butyl hydroperoxide, as measured by colony-forming efficiency assays. Unlike NHFs, AT fibroblasts fail to show G(1) and G(2) phase checkpoint functions or to induce p53 in response to t-butyl hydroperoxide. Treatment of NHFs with t-butyl hydroperoxide activates pATM-associated kinase activity. Our results indicate that pATM is involved in responding to certain aspects of oxidative damage and in signaling this information to downstream effectors of the cell cycle checkpoint functions. Our data further suggest that some of the pathologies seen in AT could arise as a consequence of an inability to respond normally to oxidative damage.
(1776) Mary Bridger
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
The BRG-1 Subunit of the SWI/SNF Complex Regulates CD44 Expression
Creators: name: DeCristofaro, Marc F.
name: Strobeck, Matthew W.
name: Knudsen, Erik S.
name: Weissman, Bernard E.
name: Sherman, Larry S.
name: Banine, Fatima
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2001

description: Aberrant regulation of CD44, a transmembrane glycoprotein, has been implicated in the growth and metastasis of numerous tumors. Although both CD44 overexpression and loss have been implicated in tumor progression, the mechanism of CD44 down-regulation in these tumor types is not known. By immunoblot and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction analysis we determined that a cervical carcinoma cell line, C33A, lacks CD44 expression. To determine how CD44 is down-regulated in C33A cells, we utilized cell fusions of C33A cells with a CD44-expressing cell line (SAOS-2). We found that SAOS-2 fusion restored CD44 expression in C33A cells, suggesting that a trans-acting factor present in SAOS-2 cells promotes CD44 production. C33A cells are BRG-1-deficient, and we found that CD44 was absent in another BRG-1-deficient tumor cell line, indicating that loss of BRG-1 may be a general mechanism by which cells lose CD44. Reintroduction of BRG-1 into these cells restored CD44 expression. Furthermore, disruption of BRG-1 function through the use of dominant-negative BRG-1 demonstrated the requirement of BRG-1 in CD44 regulation. Finally, we show that Cyclin E overexpression resulted in the attenuation of CD44 stimulation, which is consistent with previous observations that Cyclin E can abrogate BRG-1 action. Taken together, these results suggest that BRG-1 is a critical regulator of CD44 expression, thus implicating SWI/SNF components in the regulation of cellular adhesion and metastasis.
(1778) Rebecca Eliot
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Questionnaire - day 1 from Variability in repeated economic games: comparing Trust game decisions to other social trust measures
Creators: name: Safra, L.
name: Lettinga, N.
name: Jacquet, P. O.
name: Chevallier, C.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 170299 Cognitive Science not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: 179999 Psychology and Cognitive Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 60801 Animal Behaviour
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: The full questionnaire for day 1
D1.7 Systematic approach for the Identification and filling of information gaps through participatory research actions
Creators: name: AXIA Innovation
name: Aristotle University Of Thessaloniki
name: Institute Of Agrophysics (IA PAS)
name: Bydgoszcz University Of Science And Technology
name: Cooperativas Agro-Alimentarias
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: AGRICORE H2020

description: AGRICORE is a research project funded by the European Commission under the RUR-04-2018 call (part of the H2020 programme). The project proposes an innovative approach to apply agent-based modelling to increase the capacity of policymakers to evaluate the impact of agricultural measures within and outside the framework of the Common Agricultural Policy (CAP). The AGRICORE suite stands out for being highly modular and customisable. Thanks to its open-source nature AGRICORE can be applied to a multitude of use cases and easily upgraded as future needs arise. The assessment of agricultural policy impact is made through an agent-based simulation, which replicates the characteristics, distribution, and interactions of the real populations of interest. To define the simulation environment, it is necessary to generate a synthetic population of agents which interact between each other and with external modules. This requires the use case designer to provide a set of data inputs, such as, the agent's attributes of interest, the aggregated distributions of the real population and other inputs for the external modules. These inputs are obtained through the data sources characterised in ARDIT (a central storage point for locating useful agricultural datasets). However, when designing future use cases, data sources in ARDIT that fit the use case framework might not exist for some input(s), and subsequently will need to be considered as information gaps. Such information gaps can be filled using information collected via different activities, including depth search for information/data sources, contact with stakeholders and ad-hoc participatory research activities. The design and execution of these activities strictly depends on the particularity of each use case. This deliverable describes the methods and resources employed in developing the AGRICORE pilot use cases. Future users will therefore have all the relevant information to guide them through the process. Finally, in addition to providing design considerations, some recommendations regarding scheduling and execution of the ad-hoc participatory research activities are also included. The recommendations are based on feedback received from various stakeholders, the experience gained during the design and execution of participatory research in the pilot use cases and the first participatory research results.
Unified nonclassicality criteria
Creators: name: Ryl, Sergej
name: Sperling, Jan
name: Agudelo, Elizabeth
name: Mraz, Melanie
name: Köhnke, Semjon
name: Hage, Boris
name: Vogel, Werner
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work we generalize the Bochner criterion addressing the characteristic function, i.e., the Fourier transform, of the Glauber-Sudarshan phase-space function. For this purpose we extend the Bochner theorem by including derivatives of the characteristic function. The resulting necessary and sufficient nonclassicality criteria unify previously known moment-based criteria with those based on the characteristic function. For applications of the generalized nonclassicality probes, we provide direct sampling formulas for balanced homodyne detection. A squeezed vacuum state is experimentally realized and characterized with our method. This complete framework -- theoretical unification, sampling approach, and experimental implementation -- presents an efficient toolbox to characterize quantum states of light for applications in quantum technology.
The Histone Acetyltransferase Domains of CREB-binding Protein (CBP) and p300/CBP-associated Factor Are Not Necessary for Cooperativity with the Class II Transactivator
Creators: name: Harton, Jonathan A.
name: Zika, Eleni
name: Ting, Jenny P.Y.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2001

description: The class II transactivator (CIITA) is a transcriptional co-activator regulating the constitutive and interferon-gamma-inducible expression of class II major histocompatibility complex (MHC) and related genes. Promoter remodeling occurs following CIITA induction, suggesting the involvement of chromatin remodeling factors. Transcription of numerous genes requires the histone acetyltransferase (HAT) activities of CREB-binding protein (CBP), p300, and/or p300/CBP-associated factor (pCAF). These co-activators cooperate with CIITA and are hypothesized to promote class II major histocompatibility complex transcription through their HAT activity. To directly test this, we used HAT-defective CBP and pCAF. We demonstrate that cooperation between CIITA and CBP is independent of CBP HAT activity. Further, although pCAF enhances CIITA-mediated transcription, pCAF HAT domain dependence appears contingent upon the concentration of available CIITA. When HAT-defective CBP and pCAF are both present, cooperativity with CIITA is maintained. Consistent with a recent report, we show that nuclear localization of CIITA is enhanced by lysine 144, an in vitro target of pCAF-mediated HAT. Yet we find that neither mutation of lysine 144 nor deletion of residues 132-209 affects transcriptional cooperation with CBP or pCAF. Thus, acetylation of this residue may not be the primary mechanism for pCAF/CBP cooperation with CIITA. In conclusion, the HAT activities of the co-activators are not necessary for cooperation with CIITA.
Supplementary Material S5.pdf from Variability in repeated economic games: comparing Trust game decisions to other social trust measures
Creators: name: Safra, L.
name: Lettinga, N.
name: Jacquet, P. O.
name: Chevallier, C.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 170299 Cognitive Science not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: 179999 Psychology and Cognitive Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 60801 Animal Behaviour
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Economic games are well-established tools that offer a convenient approach to study social behaviour. Although widely used, recent evidence suggests that decisions made in the context of standard economic games are less predictive of real-world behaviour than previously assumed self-reported questionnaires. A possible explanation for this discrepancy is that economic games decisions in the laboratory are more likely to be influenced by the current situation, while questionnaires are specifically designed to measure people's average behaviour across a long period of time. To test this hypothesis, we performed a longitudinal study where 275 respondents played 16 Trust games every 2 days within a three-week period, and filled out a questionnaire that measures social trust. This study confirmed the instability of our measure of trust behaviour over time and the substantial stability of questionnaire responses. However, we found a significant association between self-reported social trust and participants' average behaviour in the Trust game measured across sessions, but also with participants' behaviour measured only in Session 1. Nevertheless, analysis of behavioural changes in the Trust games over time revealed different behavioural profiles, highlighting how economic games and questionnaires can complement each other in the study of social trust.
(1773) Charles Edward Ruck Keene
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
The Large Subunit of the Mammalian Mitochondrial Ribosome: ANALYSIS OF THE COMPLEMENT OF RIBOSOMAL PROTEINS PRESENT
Creators: name: Blackburn, Kevin
name: Burkhart, William
name: Moyer, Mary B.
name: Spremulli, Linda L.
name: Schlatzer, Daniela M.
name: Moseley, Arthur
name: Koc, Emine Cavdar
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2001

description: Identification of all the protein components of the large subunit (39 S) of the mammalian mitochondrial ribosome has been achieved by carrying out proteolytic digestions of whole 39 S subunits followed by analysis of the resultant peptides by liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry. Peptide sequence information was used to search the human EST data bases and complete coding sequences were assembled. The human mitochondrial 39 S subunit has 48 distinct proteins. Twenty eight of these are homologs of the Escherichia coli 50 S ribosomal proteins L1, L2, L3, L4, L7/L12, L9, L10, L11, L13, L14, L15, L16, L17, L18, L19, L20, L21, L22, L23, L24, L27, L28, L30, L32, L33, L34, L35, and L36. Almost all of these proteins have homologs in Drosophila melanogaster, Caenorhabditis elegans, and Saccharomyces cerevisiae mitochondrial ribosomes. No mitochondrial homologs to prokaryotic ribosomal proteins L5, L6, L25, L29, and L31 could be found either in the peptides obtained or by analysis of the available data bases. The remaining 20 proteins present in the 39 S subunits are specific to mitochondrial ribosomes. Proteins in this group have no apparent homologs in bacterial, chloroplast, archaebacterial, or cytosolic ribosomes. All but two of the proteins has a clear homolog in D. melanogaster while all can be found in the genome of C. elegans. Ten of the 20 mitochondrial specific 39 S proteins have homologs in S. cerevisiae. Homologs of 2 of these new classes of ribosomal proteins could be identified in the Arabidopsis thaliana genome.
Supplementary Material S4.pdf from Variability in repeated economic games: comparing Trust game decisions to other social trust measures
Creators: name: Safra, L.
name: Lettinga, N.
name: Jacquet, P. O.
name: Chevallier, C.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 170299 Cognitive Science not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: 179999 Psychology and Cognitive Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 60801 Animal Behaviour
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Economic games are well-established tools that offer a convenient approach to study social behaviour. Although widely used, recent evidence suggests that decisions made in the context of standard economic games are less predictive of real-world behaviour than previously assumed self-reported questionnaires. A possible explanation for this discrepancy is that economic games decisions in the laboratory are more likely to be influenced by the current situation, while questionnaires are specifically designed to measure people's average behaviour across a long period of time. To test this hypothesis, we performed a longitudinal study where 275 respondents played 16 Trust games every 2 days within a three-week period, and filled out a questionnaire that measures social trust. This study confirmed the instability of our measure of trust behaviour over time and the substantial stability of questionnaire responses. However, we found a significant association between self-reported social trust and participants' average behaviour in the Trust game measured across sessions, but also with participants' behaviour measured only in Session 1. Nevertheless, analysis of behavioural changes in the Trust games over time revealed different behavioural profiles, highlighting how economic games and questionnaires can complement each other in the study of social trust.
(1775) George Shiffner
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Trust game - decision screen from Variability in repeated economic games: comparing Trust game decisions to other social trust measures
Creators: name: Safra, L.
name: Lettinga, N.
name: Jacquet, P. O.
name: Chevallier, C.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 170299 Cognitive Science not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: 179999 Psychology and Cognitive Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 60801 Animal Behaviour
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: An example of the decision screen that respondents are presented with during the Trust games
(1772) John Edward Ruck Keene
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.