Anchylorhynchus goiano De & Vanin 2020, sp. nov.
Creators: name: De, Bruno A. S.
name: Vanin, Sergio A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Curculionidae
Anchylorhynchus
Anchylorhynchus goiano

description: Anchylorhynchus goiano sp. nov.
http://zoobank.org/ urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: F4C35FF9-9054-4996-B0A8-A989A2D2AFC8
(Figures 8K, 9E, 11F, 19D, 22B)
Holotype: Male; Fazenda Nova Orlândia, Jataí, Goiás, Brazil; I-1964; Martins, Morgante & Silva col. Deposited in MZSP.
Description. Male: Body size (length of elytra + pronotum) 7.5 mm.
Head: Rostrum 1.6 times as long as pronotum; 1.4 times wider at apex than at base; integument reddish to dark brown; with seven longitudinal carinae (including a pair along scrobes), distinct throughout their length; scrobes parallel to rostrum; apex covered by microsetae; areas between dorsal carinae covered by yellowish scales narrow to setiform at base and setiform at the apex, directed toward the central carina. Eyes 1.4 times as high as wide; 0.9 times more separated above than below. Head integument brown, similar to or lighter than rostrum; entirely covered by yellow scales directed to the inter-ocular fovea. Antennae with scape straight, barely reaching anterior eye margin; funicle: antennomere I of funicle only slightly wider than II, II longer than I and about as long as III, VI longer than wide and approximately as wide as club; club about as long as antennomeres V–VI of funicle. Left mandible with outer margin straight; with one dorsal seta; outer tooth forming a sharp angle with the mandible margin, with strongly acute apex; inner tooth well-developed; molar region straight. Left maxilla with stipes moderately elongate, with a long ventral seta; galeo-lacinial complex extending beyond the apex of the first palpomere; palpiger with elongate ventral region, dorsal region with an abtuse angle at base; palpomere I with three apical setae longer than the length of palpomere I; palpomere II longer than palpomere I. Labium prementum slightly narrower than postmentum, about 2 times as wide as long, lateral margins parallel in median region, lobed in lateral-apical region, with two oblique rows of setae in dorsal region; ligula about as long as half the length of prementum; palps separated by about the width of palpomere I; palpomere I approximately as long as wide; palpomere II longer than palpomere III; palpomere III with two lateral setae.
Thorax: Pronotum width at base 1.5 times pronotum length; base not lobed at middle; lateral margins in dorsal view parallel at base and regularly curved to apex, sometimes with a subtle apical constriction; integument brown, similar to head; entirely covered by uniformly yellowish scales; scales on the disk directed to the center or to the apex. Profemur approximately 3 times as long as wide; dorsal margin with curvature about as pronounced as ventral margin; tooth well-defined; about 2.5 times as wide as protibia. Protarsus with tarsomere I dinstinctively longer than tarsomere III; tarsomeres I and II as long as wide; with short and dense setae on the ventral surface and sparse and long setae on the sides. Scutellum 0.8 times longer than wide; integument brown, sometimes darker than elytra; scales yellowish. Elytra 1.5 times wider than pronotum; 1.6 times longer than wide; 3.4 times longer than pronotum; humeri with a well-defined angle; lateral margins distinctively wider at middle; dorsal region with yellowish scales; epipleura without a marked inflexion on interval IX, covered by yellowish scales similar to disk. Ventral region of thorax integument brown, similar to dorsal region; yellowish scales distinctively lighter than those in pronotum. Hypomeron covered by sparse scales with apex truncated to acuminate, similar in shape to those in pronotum; scales next to coxal cavities larger. Prosternum length 1.0 times the width of coxae; postocular lobes indistinct, with apical-lateral margin of prothorax regularly curved to slightly sinuate; covered by overlapping scales with acuminate apex, narrower than those in pronotum. Metepisternum covered by non-overlapping scales, or overlapping only next to the anterior margin. Metasternum central concavity distinct; with long setae in the center.
Abdomen: Ventrites III–V covered by erect setae. Aedeagus about 3 times as long as wide; about 8 times as long as high; slightly wider at opening; with an acute anterior process; ventral plate strongly sclerotized, extending to approximately 0.3 times the length of apodemes. Apodemes about 1.5 times as long as aedeagus. Endophallus with a pair of sub-spherical sclerites anterior to basal sclerite; microtrichae of the apical region not organized in bands.
Female: Body size 6.4–7.0 mm. Rostrum 1.4–1.6 times longer than pronotum; width at apex 1.4–1.6 times width at base. Eyes 1.4 times as high as wide; 1.0 times more separated above than below. Pronotum 1.5–1.5 times as wide at base as long. Prosternum length 0.9–1.0 times the coxal width. Protarsus without long setae; Scutellum 0.7–0.9 times as long as wide. Elytra 1.5–1.6 times as wide as pronotum; 1.5–1.7 times as long as wide; 3.6–3.8 times as long as pronotum. Ventrites III–V with recumbent setae. Ventrites III and IV with posterior retraction not sinuate and reaching the middle of the segment.
Etymology. Goiano is the denonym of the state of Goiás, Brazil.
Remarks. Specimens of A. goiano had been previously identified as A. trapezicollis in collections. Together with A. latipes, these can be distinguished from other species by the scales in the pronotum directed to the center or apex (Figure 8K) and the three first antennomeres of the funicle of approximately equal length (as in Figures 3 F–G). Anchylorhynchus goiano can be further distinguished from A. trapezicollis and Anchylorhynchus latipes sp. nov. by the large body (over 6.4 mm pronotum + elytra), lateral margins of the pronotum parallel at base (Figure 8K) (converging in the other species, Figures 8M, 8T) and relatively short rostrum (not more than 1.6 times the length of the pronotum, while longer than that in the other species). The male genitalia, with acute apex of the aedeagus and relatively short apodemes (Figure 22B), is also clearly distinct from A. trapezicollis (Figure 23A) and A. latipes (Figure 22D).
Geographical Distribution. This species occurs in savannas (cerrado) in the states of Goiás and São Paulo, Brazil, and also likely other areas where the widespread host plant occurs (Figure 24).
Host Plants. Syagrus oleracea (Mart.) Becc.
The type series did not include any host label, but we collected this species from flowers of Syagrus oleracea in the states of Goiás and São Paulo, Brazil.
Examined Specimens. Type Material. BRAZIL. Goiás: Jataí, Fazenda Nova Orlândia, Martins, Morgante & Silva, I/1964 (♂ holotype Anchylorhynchus goiano MZSP, 4♀, 1♂ paratypes Anchylorhynchus goiano MZSP).
Other Material. BRAZIL. Goiás: Niquelândia, B. A. S. Medeiros & E. P. Antunes, 29/XI/2014 (2 sex undetermined MZSP); Trindade, Fabiano F. A., 05/I/2006 (1♀ MZSP). São Paulo: Murutinga do Sul, B. A. S. Medeiros & E. P. Antunes, 06/XII/2014 (95 sex undetermined MZSP).
description: Published as part of De, Bruno A. S. & Vanin, Sergio A., 2020, Systematic revision and morphological phylogenetic analysis of Anchylorhynchus Schoenherr, 1836 (Coleoptera, Curculionidae: Derelomini), pp. 1-98 in Zootaxa 4839 (1) on pages 35-36, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4839.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4487967