cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Is Bayes Posterior just Quick and Dirty Confidence?
Creators: name: Fraser, D. A. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Bayes [Philos. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. 53 (1763) 370--418; 54 296--325] introduced the observed likelihood function to statistical inference and provided a weight function to calibrate the parameter; he also introduced a confidence distribution on the parameter space but did not provide present justifications. Of course the names likelihood and confidence did not appear until much later: Fisher [Philos. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. Ser. A Math. Phys. Eng. Sci. 222 (1922) 309--368] for likelihood and Neyman [Philos. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. Ser. A Math. Phys. Eng. Sci. 237 (1937) 333--380] for confidence. Lindley [J. Roy. Statist. Soc. Ser. B 20 (1958) 102--107] showed that the Bayes and the confidence results were different when the model was not location. This paper examines the occurrence of true statements from the Bayes approach and from the confidence approach, and shows that the proportion of true statements in the Bayes case depends critically on the presence of linearity in the model; and with departure from this linearity the Bayes approach can be a poor approximation and be seriously misleading. Bayesian integration of weighted likelihood thus provides a first-order linear approximation to confidence, but without linearity can give substantially incorrect results.
description: Published in at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/11-STS352 the Statistical Science (http://www.imstat.org/sts/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
What Really Happened that Night in Kingston? A National Conversation
Creators: name: Willerth, Melanie Lyne
Publisher: name: Arts
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Mass Communications
subject: Music

description: The CBC released a new digital strategy, entitled A Space for Us All, which highlights their desire to break away from traditional broadcasting and break into the digital sphere. This thesis outlines how they completed their strategy early with how they released the 2016 live Tragically Hip concert.
Fractional Order Modeling of a PHWR Under Step-Back Condition and Control of Its Global Power with a Robust PIλDμ Controller
Creators: name: Das, Saptarshi
name: Das, Shantanu
name: Gupta, Amitava
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Bulk reduction of reactor power within a small finite time interval under abnormal conditions is referred to as step-back. In this paper, a 500MWe Canadian Deuterium Uranium (CANDU) type Pressurized Heavy Water Reactor (PHWR) is modeled using few variants of Least Square Estimator (LSE) from practical test data under a control rod drop scenario in order to design a control system to achieve a dead-beat response during a stepped reduction of its global power. A new fractional order (FO) model reduction technique is attempted which increases the parametric robustness of the control loop due to lesser modeling error and ensures iso-damped closed loop response with a PIλDμ or FOPID controller. Such a controller can, therefore, be used to achieve active step-back under varying load conditions for which the system dynamics change significantly. For closed loop active control of the reduced FO reactor models, the PIλDμ controller is shown to perform better than the classical integer order PID controllers and present operating Reactor Regulating System (RRS) due to its robustness against shift in system parameters.
description: 10 pages, 11 figures
Backward stealing and forward manipulation in the WTO
Creators: name: Bagwell, Kyle
name: Staiger, Robert W.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2004
Subjects: Economics

description: Motivated by the structure of WTO negotiations, we analyze a bargaining environment in which negotiations proceed bilaterally and sequentially under the most-favored-nation (MFN) principle. We identify backward-stealing and forward-manipulation problems that arise when governments bargain under the MFN principle in a sequential fashion. We show that these problems impede governments from achieving the multilateral efficiency frontier unless further rules of negotiation are imposed. We identify the WTO nullification-or-impairment and renegotiation provisions and its reciprocity norm as rules that are capable of providing solutions to these problems. In this way, we suggest that WTO rules can facilitate the negotiation of efficient multilateral trade agreements in a world in which the addition of new and economically significant countries to the world trading system is an ongoing process.
Groups acting simply transitively on hyperbolic buildings
Creators: name: Carbone, Lisa
name: Kangaslampi, Riikka
name: Vdovina, Alina
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 52B70, 20F67, 51E24, 57M07

description: We construct and classify all groups, given by triangular presentations associated to the smallest thick generalized quadrangle, that act simply transitively on the vertices of hyperbolic triangular buildings of the smallest non-trivial thickness. Our classification shows 23 non-isomorphic torsion free groups (obtained in an earlier work) and 168 non-isomorphic torsion groups acting on one of two possible buildings with the smallest thick generalized quadrangle as the link of each vertex. In analogy with the Euclidean case, we find both torsion and torsion free groups acting on the same building.
Steller sea lions and fisheries : competition at sea?
Creators: name: Hui, Tabitha Cheng Yee
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: A leading hypothesis to explain the decline of Steller sea lions (Eumetopias jubatus) in western Alaska is the reduction of prey abundance or change in prey distributions caused by commercial fisheries. We sought to improve on past studies that attempted to assess competition between sea lions and fisheries by estimating the local amounts of prey accessible to sea lions. We explored the relationships between sea lion population trends, fishery catches and the prey biomass accessible to sea lions around 33 rookeries from 2000-2008. We focused on three commercially important species that dominate the sea lion diet: walleye pollock, Pacific cod and Atka mackerel. We estimated available prey biomass by removing fishery catches from predicted prey biomass distributions in the Aleutian Islands, Bering Sea and Gulf of Alaska; and modelled the likelihood of sea lions foraging at different distances from rookeries (accessibility) using satellite telemetry locations of tracked animals. We combined this accessibility model with the prey distributions to estimate the prey biomass accessible to sea lions by rookery. For each rookery, we compared sea lion population change to accessible prey biomass (estimated using our accessibility model and also within 10, 20 and 50 km of each rookery). Of the 304 statistical models we constructed to compare accessible prey biomass and catch to sea lion population trends, only three relationships were significant. These three suggest that sea lion population change rates increased (became less negative) with increasing accessible pollock biomass in the Aleutian Islands and with cod biomass in the Gulf of Alaska. No relationships were found between sea lion population trends and Atka mackerel biomass. Given that the majority of the relationships we explored were insignificant, it seems unlikely that the availability of pollock, cod or Atka mackerel was limiting sea lion populations in the 2000s. Sea lion population trends appeared to be affected by some unknown factor associated with regional differences. Removing fish catches or adding catch to our predicted distributions of groundfish abundances had no measurable effect on sea lion population trends. These observations suggest that sea lion populations were largely unaffected by fishery removals during this period.
On Bayesian "central clustering": Application to landscape classification of Western Ghats
Creators: name: Mukhopadhyay, Sabyasachi
name: Bhattacharya, Sourabh
name: Dihidar, Kajal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Landscape classification of the well-known biodiversity hotspot, Western Ghats (mountains), on the west coast of India, is an important part of a world-wide program of monitoring biodiversity. To this end, a massive vegetation data set, consisting of 51,834 4-variate observations has been clustered into different landscapes by Nagendra and Gadgil [Current Sci. 75 (1998) 264--271]. But a study of such importance may be affected by nonuniqueness of cluster analysis and the lack of methods for quantifying uncertainty of the clusterings obtained. Motivated by this applied problem of much scientific importance, we propose a new methodology for obtaining the global, as well as the local modes of the posterior distribution of clustering, along with the desired credible and "highest posterior density" regions in a nonparametric Bayesian framework. To meet the need of an appropriate metric for computing the distance between any two clusterings, we adopt and provide a much simpler, but accurate modification of the metric proposed in [In Felicitation Volume in Honour of Prof. B. K. Kale (2009) MacMillan]. A very fast and efficient Bayesian methodology, based on [Sankhyā Ser. B 70 (2008) 133--155], has been utilized to solve the computational problems associated with the massive data and to obtain samples from the posterior distribution of clustering on which our proposed methods of summarization are illustrated.
description: Published in at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/11-AOAS454 the Annals of Applied Statistics (http://www.imstat.org/aoas/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
Mott Transition in the Two-Dimensional Hubbard Model
Creators: name: Kohno, Masanori
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Spectral properties of the two-dimensional Hubbard model near the Mott transition are investigated by using cluster perturbation theory. The Mott transition is characterized by freezing of the charge degrees of freedom in a single-particle excitation that leads continuously to the magnetic excitation of the Mott insulator. Various anomalous spectral features observed in high-temperature superconductors are explained in a unified manner as properties near the Mott transition.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures
Combining Visual Layout and Lexical Cohesion Features for Text Segmentation
Creators: name: Kan, Min-Yen
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2001
Subjects: Computer science

description: We propose integrating features from lexical cohesion with elements from layout recognition to build a composite framework. We use supervised machine learning on this composite feature set to derive discourse structure on the topic level. We demonstrate a system based on this principle and use both an intrinsic evaluation as well as the task of genre classification to assess its performance.
Protecting SNMP Through MarketNet
Creators: name: Jackowski, Marcela
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2002
Subjects: Computer science

description: As dependency on information technology becomes more critical so does the need for network computer security. Because of the distributed nature of networks, large-scale information systems are highly vulnerable to negative elements such as intruders and attackers. The types of attack on a system can be diverse and from different sources. Some of the factors contributing to creating an insecure system are the relentless pace of technology, the need for information processing, and the heterogeneity of hardware and software. In addition to these insecurities, the growth and success of e-commerce make networks a desirable target for intruders to steal credit card numbers, bank account balances, and other valuable information. This paper looks at two different security technologies, SNMP v3 and MarketNet, their architectures and how they have been developed to protect network resources and services, such as, internet applications, devices, and other services, against attacks.
RESEARCHER: An Overview
Creators: name: Lebowitz, Michael
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1983
Subjects: Computer science

description: Described in this paper is a computer system, RESEARCHER, being developed at Columbia that reads natural language text in the form of patent abstracts and creates a permanent long-term memory based on concepts generalized from these texts, forming an intelligent information system. This paper is intended to give an overview of RESEARCHER. We will describe briefly the four main areas dealt with in the design of RESEARCHER: 1) knowledge representation, where a canonical scheme for representing physical objects has been developed, 2) memory-based text processing, 3) generalization and generalization-based memory organization that treats concept formation as an integral part of understanding, and 4) generalization-based question answering.
Additional file 1: of Prevalence of CYP17A1 gene mutations in 17Îą-hydroxylase deficiency in the Chinese Han population
Creators: name: Wang, Menglin
name: Wang, Hao
name: Zhao, Haiying
name: Li, Ling
name: Liu, Min
name: Liu, Fujia
name: Meng, Fansen
name: Fan, Caini
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology

description: Shows materials and methods (DOCX 13 kb)
title: Ocena dochowania formy szczególnej czynności prawnej w aspekcie czasowym – uwagi na tle wyroku SN z dnia 29 stycznia 2009 r., V CSK 294/08
Creators: name: Górska, Katarzyna Barbara
Publisher: name: E-Wydawnictwo. Prawnicza i Ekonomiczna Biblioteka Cyfrowa. Wydział Prawa, Administracji i Ekonomii Uniwersytetu Wrocławskiego
Year: 2019

description: W artykule omówiony jest aspekt realizowania w czasie elementów składających się na podstawowe formy szczególne (takie jak forma: dokumentowa, pisemna, z poświadczoną datą czy z podpisem notarialnie poświadczonym) z uwzględnieniem ich specyfiki oraz realizowanych przez nie funkcji. Rozważania zostały zainspirowane stanowiskiem Sądu Najwyższego, wypowiedzianym w odniesieniu do formy pisemnej z podpisem notarialnie poświadczonym, według którego konieczna dla dochowania tej formy notarialna czynność poświadczenia może nastąpić także ex post w stosunku do złożonego już oświadczenia woli (tak SN w wyroku z 29 stycznia 2009 r., V CSK 294/08, Legalis). Ostatecznym celem opracowania jest próba oceny tego stanowiska i jego uniwersalności w stosunku do pozostałych form szczególnych.
Electronic Supplementary Material Appendices from Viscous froth model applied to multiple topological transformations of bubbles flowing in a channel: three-bubble case
Creators: name: Torres-Ulloa, C.
name: Grassia, P.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 91504
subject: Fluidisation and Fluid Mechanics
classificationCode: 10112
subject: Topology
classificationCode: 10299
subject: Applied Mathematics not elsewhere classified

description: Electronic Supplementary Material Appendices
A Measurement Methodology for Wide Area Internets
Creators: name: Pu, Calton
name: Korz, Frederick
name: Lehman, Robert C.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1990
Subjects: Computer science

description: Measuring the performance of applications running over live wide area internets (WAINs) is important and difficult. Directly observed performance and availability can help application developers and network managers. To compensate for the difficulty of controlling important variables such as message path and network load, we developed the Layered Refinement (LR) measurement methodology. LR tools use generic user-level software to collect data simultaneously at important software layers. LR data reduction techniques reveal interesting phenomena on network routing, latency, and availability, in addition to application response time and RPC performance over the Internet. We illustrate the application of LR with a series of measurements and some of the phenomena observed.
The case for auctioning countermeasures in the WTO
Creators: name: Bagwell, Kyle
name: Mavroidis, Petros C.
name: Staiger, Robert W.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2004
Subjects: Economics
Dispute resolution (Law)
Judicial process

description: A major accomplishment of the Uruguay Round of GATT negotiations in creating the World Trade Organization (WTO) was the introduction of new dispute settlement procedures. These procedures were intended to provide a significant step forward, relative to GATT, in the settling of trade disputes, in large part by ensuring that violations of WTO commitments would be met with swift retaliation ("suspension of concessions") by the affected trading partners. While the dispute settlement procedures of the WTO indeed represent a considerable improvement over those in GATT, nine years of experience under the new procedures suggests that significant problems of enforcement remain in the WTO.
Study of the gamma p --> pi0 pi0 p reaction with the Crystal Ball/TAPS at the Mainz
Creators: name: Kashevarov, V. L.
name: Fix, A.
name: Prakhov, S.
name: Aguar-Bartolomé, P.
name: Annand, J. R. M.
name: Arends, H. J.
name: Bantawa, K.
name: Beck, R.
name: Bekrenev, V.
name: Berghäuser, H.
name: Braghieri, A.
name: Briscoe, W. J.
name: Brudvik, J.
name: Cherepnya, S.
name: Codling, R. F. B.
name: Downie, E. J.
name: Drexler, P.
name: Fil'kov, L. V.
name: Glazier, D. I.
name: Gregor, R.
name: Heid, E.
name: Hornidge, D.
name: Isaksson, L.
name: Jaegle, I.
name: Jahn, O.
name: Jude, T. C.
name: Keshelashvili, I.
name: Kondratiev, R.
name: Korolija, M.
name: Kotulla, M.
name: Koulbardis, A.
name: Kruglov, S.
name: Krusche, B.
name: Lisin, V.
name: Livingston, K.
name: MacGregor, I. J. D.
name: Maghrbi, Y.
name: Manley, D. M.
name: McGeorge, J. C.
name: McNicoll, E. F.
name: Mekterovic, D.
name: Metag, V.
name: Mushkarenkov, A.
name: Nefkens, B. M. K.
name: Nikolaev, A.
name: Novotny, R.
name: Ortega, H.
name: Ostrick, M.
name: Ott, P.
name: Otte, P. B.
name: Oussena, B.
name: Pedroni, P.
name: Pheron, F.
name: Polonski, A.
name: Robinson, J.
name: Rosner, G.
name: Rostomyan, T.
name: Schumann, S.
name: Sikora, M. H.
name: Sober, D. I.
name: Starostin, A.
name: Strakovsky, I. I.
name: Suarez, I. M.
name: Supek, I.
name: Tarbert, C. M.
name: Thiel, M.
name: Thomas, A.
name: Unverzagt, M.
name: Watts, D. P.
name: Werthmüller, D.
name: Zehr, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The gamma p --> pi0 pi0 p reaction has been measured from threshold to 1.4 GeV using the Crystal Ball and TAPS photon spectrometers together with the photon tagging facility at the Mainz Microtron. The experimental results include total and differential cross sections as well as specific angular distributions, which were used to extract partial-wave amplitudes. In particular, the energy region below the D13(1520) resonance was studied.
description: 12 pages, 13 figures, corrected version, published in PRC
Summarizing and Searching Hidden-Web Databases Hierarchically Using Focused Probes
Creators: name: Ipeirotis, Panagiotis G.
name: Gravano, Luis
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2001
Subjects: Computer science

description: Many valuable text databases on the web have non-crawlable contents that are "hidden" behind search interfaces. Metasearchers are helpful tools for searching over many such databases at once through a unified query interface. A critical task for a metasearcher to process a query efficiently and effectively is the selection of the most promising databases for the query, a task that typically relies on statistical summaries of the database contents. Unfortunately, web-accessible text databases do not generally export content summaries. In this paper, we present an algorithm to derive content summaries from "uncooperative" databases by using "focused query probes," which adaptively zoom in on and extract documents that are representative of the topic coverage of the databases. The content summaries that result from this algorithm are efficient to derive and more accurate than those from previously proposed probing techniques for content-summary extraction. We also present a novel database selection algorithm that exploits both the extracted content summaries and a hierarchical classification of the databases, automatically derived during probing, to produce accurate results even for imperfect content summaries. Finally, we evaluate our techniques thoroughly using a variety of databases, including 50 real web-accessible text databases.
Segue 1: the best dark matter candidate dwarf galaxy surveyed by MAGIC
Creators: name: Aleksić, J.
name: Doro, M.
name: Lombardi, S.
name: Nieto, D.
name: Fornasa, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Despite the interest in Dark Matter (DM) searches is currently more focused on underground experiments, a signature of DM annihilation/decay in gamma-rays from space would constitute a smoking gun for its identification. In this contribution, we start with a brief review of the efforts of the ground-based MAGIC Cherenkov telescopes system to detect DM signatures from dwarf satellite galaxies orbiting the Milky Way halo. We then present the recent survey of Segue 1, considered by many as possibly the most DM dominated satellite galaxy known in our galaxy. No significant gamma-ray emission was found above the background in around 30 hours of observation. This is the largest survey ever made on a single dwarf by Cherenkov telescopes. We present a novel analysis that fully takes into account the spectral features of the gamma-ray spectrum of specific DM models in a Supersymmetric scenario. We also discuss the prospects of detection after the Fermi observation of similar objects at lower energies.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures, contribution to the 32nd International Cosmic Ray Conference, Beijing, China, August 2011
The phylogeography and conservation of the brassy minnow, Hybognathus hankinsoni
Creators: name: Nowosad, Damon M.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: Brassy minnow, Hybognathus hankinsoni, is a little-studied cyprinid fish with highly disjunct distributions in western Canada. Phylogeographic scenarios on the origins of brassy minnow in British Columbia (BC) were explored using two mitochondrial loci (cyt b and ND4) that were sequenced for up to 32 localities. This revealed an approximate ‘east-west’ geographic split, suggesting that BC populations are likely post-glacial colonists from the Mississippi-Missouri refugium. However, certain ‘eastern’ populations exhibited incongruences between gene and species trees, suggesting complex evolutionary histories in brassy minnow. Sampling brassy minnow within BC revealed highest catch rates in the Interior of the province, and a year-long survey conducted in the Lower Mainland (n = 60 sites), revealed that brassy minnow abundances were highest at Westham Island. A logistic-regression habitat model was performed incorporating seven physical habitat parameters over 37 sites, identifying conductivity as a near significant parameter for predicting brassy minnow presence. Additionally, in the Lower Mainland, eight invasive species constituted 28 % of the relative abundance of species sampled. Compared to historical records from the University of BC Fish Museum, sites exhibited a significant decline in the number of cypriniform species, including brassy minnow, but showed no significant change in the number of invasive species present. A detrended correspondence analysis (DCA) of species abundance across sites suggested brassy minnow overlapped most closely with two invasive species: bullfrogs, Lithobates catesbieanus, and brown bullhead, Ameiurus nebulosus. To explore the impact of brown bullhead on brassy minnow, pools with and without adult brown bullhead were compared at Tamboline Slough, Westham Island, and showed significant differences in the native fish species abundances across pools, including brassy minnow. Additionally, growth experiments were conducted over 90 days with brassy minnow, young-of-year brown bullhead, and redside shiner, Richardsonius balteatus, kept in all possible combinations for a total of four treatments per species. Treatments showed that brassy minnow were the only species to exhibit weight loss and mortality when with other species. In addition to providing insights into the biogeography, ecology, and conservation implications of brassy minnow, my thesis provides a quantitative baseline for invasive species found within the Lower Mainland.
QoS measurement of Real Time Multimedia services on the Internet
Creators: name: Jiang, Wenyu
name: Schulzrinne, Henning G.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1999
Subjects: Computer science

description: Real-time applications such as IP telephony, Internet radio stations and video conferencing tools require certain levels of QoS (Quality of Service). Because the Internet is still a best-effort network, the QoS of these applications must be measured and monitored in order to provide feedbacks to applications for rate and/or error control, and to both end-users and service providers. A standardized objective measurement technology makes it possible to compare between service providers in a fair way. We address the problems of packet delay and loss measurement, since they are the major determining factor of multimedia quality. We first describe the problems and techniques in obtaining good measurement results. Then, we discuss the modeling and analysis of delay and loss. Our goal is to establish feasible metrics that can reliably predict perceived quality. We find that the extended Gilbert model (2-state being a special case) is a suitable loss model,and the inter-loss distance metric is useful in capturing the burstiness between loss runs. For delay, besides the autocorrelation metric, a conditional cumulative distribution function may be useful. We apply these models to some of our Internet packet traces,and find that losses are generally bursty, and that delays usually have a strong temporal dependency component. We also find that the final loss pattern after applying playout delay adjustment (and FEC if used) still corresponds well to the extended Gilbert model.
Enhancing Steam-Assisted Gravity Drainage Applications in Challenging and Non-Challenging Oil Sands Reservoirs
Creators: name: Austin-Adigio, Maureen Emakpor
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: SAGD
subject: Oil Sands
subject: Thermal fingering
subject: Seismic-based control
subject: Top water
subject: Heat Transfer
subject: Fluid dynamics
subject: Education--Sciences
subject: Geology
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Geophysics
subject: Energy
subject: Engineering
subject: Engineering--Petroleum

description: Unlike the relatively clean or non-challenging ones, difficult-to-produce oil sands reservoirs with respect to Steam-Assisted Gravity Drainage (SAGD) are so named because of adverse geological features present in them, e.g. lean zones, inclined heterolithic strata (IHS), breccia/mud clasts. The presence of one or more of these features creates a challenge for SAGD since they harm the growth of the steam chamber leading to poor thermal efficiency, increased water use and high greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. In the research documented here, five research questions are posed: (1) How well do we understand heat and fluid flow dynamics of steam propagation in bitumen reservoirs? (2) What occurs in the reservoir when steam interacts with co-injected non-condensable gas (NCG)? Is there an optimum time to start NCG co-injection? (3) How does an overlying top water reservoir with a thick IHS layer affect SAGD performance? How can the operation be altered to raise SAGD performance in this system? (4) What can be done to improve SAGD performance in heterogeneous oil sands reservoirs? (5) Can automated control, using seismic data, improve SAGD performance both with respect to steam conformance and steam-to-oil ratio (SOR)? To answer these questions, thermal reservoir simulation was used to model SAGD in oil sands reservoirs. The results reveal that: 1) Heat transfer is enhanced by warm mobilized bitumen fingering into cold bitumen as SAGD evolves. 2) The benefit of NCG co-injection is best seen in the mid or late life of SAGD. 3) In a reservoir with an IHS interval and overlying top water zone, the IHS, though a resistance to steam chamber growth, slows top water drainage into the basal sand and may benefit SAGD and depending on the injection pressure applied, the impact of top water can be delayed. 4) Steam can be optimally allocated in a strongly heterogeneous reservoir by varying steam injection rate by using a new allocation algorithm based on seismic interpretation which automates steam injection in SAGD fitted with outflow control devices (OCDs). By using the new algorithm, the rate-controlled case (i.e. OCDs with control) yields an increase of cumulative oil of 10.7% and 6.16% and decrease of cumulative SOR of 11.7% and 6.5% when compared to the base and OICDs without control cases, respectively, after 6 years of operation. This translates to a significant reduction of water usage and GHG emissions.
Information inequalities and Generalized Graph Entropies
Creators: name: Sivakumar, Lavanya
name: Dehmer, Matthias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this article, we discuss the problem of establishing relations between information measures assessed for network structures. Two types of entropy based measures namely, the Shannon entropy and its generalization, the Rényi entropy have been considered for this study. Our main results involve establishing formal relationship, in the form of implicit inequalities, between these two kinds of measures when defined for graphs. Further, we also state and prove inequalities connecting the classical partition-based graph entropies and the functional-based entropy measures. In addition, several explicit inequalities are derived for special classes of graphs.
description: A preliminary version. To be submitted to a journal
Detecting and Measuring Asymmetric Links in an IP Network
Creators: name: Jiang, Wenyu
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1999
Subjects: Computer science
Computer networks--Quality control
Computer science--Mathematics
Asymmetric digital subscriber lines

description: The rapid growth of the Web has caused a lot of congestion in the Internet. Pinpointing bottlenecks in a network is very helpful in congestion control and performance tuning. Measuring link bandwidths can help identifying such bottlenecks. Existing tools for bandwidth measurement like Pathchar, Bing and Bprobe assume symmetric links. Hence their results will be incomplete or incorrect in the presence of asymmetric links. It becomes important to consider asymmetric links, as they are gaining popularity in recent years. Examples are ADSL lines, Cable modems, Satellite links, and 56K modems. In this paper, we present an algorithm that can measure each hop's link bandwidth in both directions in an IP network. Therefore, it is trivial to detect asymmetry of a link. We performed several experiments to validate our algorithm. We also discuss some factors that can adversely affect the precision and/or correctness of bandwidth measurement, and suggest possible solutions.
What Makes a Founder? : Determining the Founder of New Thought
Creators: name: Shopf, Kevin
Publisher: name: Arts
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: New Thought
subject: Founder
subject: Religious Founder
subject: Emma Curtis Hopkins
subject: Phineas Quimby
subject: New Religious Movements
subject: Horatio Dresser
subject: History of New Thought
subject: Religion
subject: American Studies
subject: History

description: This thesis both rekindles the debate over the title of “founder” of New Thought and presents a definitive statement on who should be considered the “founder.” In this debate, the long-standing and most accepted “founder” is Phineas Parkhurst Quimby. Phineas Quimby was a mental healer who is credited with inspiring many important figures in metaphysical movements in America including Mary Baker Eddy, Warren Felt Evans and Julius and Annetta Dresser. In various histories on New Thought, Quimby is regarded as the intellectual founder for the movement. However, this view of Quimby is the product of later developments in the New Thought movement that required an intellectual founder to validate its status over Christian Science. This thesis builds upon more recent suggestions and argues that Emma Curtis Hopkins is the organizational and theological founder of New Thought. Hopkins’ role in the structural development of the New Thought religion and its major branches has been recognized in titles such as “teacher’s teacher” and “Mother of New Thought.” Hopkins, through her extensive teaching activities and the foundation of the Emma Curtis Hopkins College of Christian Science, influenced several significant figures in New Thought including Charles and Myrtle Fillmore, the founders of Unity; Ernest Holmes, the founder of Religious Science; Annie Rix Militz, the founder of Homes of Truth; and Malinda Cramer and the Brooks sisters, the founders of Divine Science. These activities establish her status as the organizational founder of New Thought. However, Hopkins’ theological contributions to the formation of New Thought have been unduly minimized due to the shadow of Quimby and the lack of recognition of her distinctive intellectual contributions. This thesis validates Hopkins’ contributions to New Thought theology, especially in reference to its construction as a religion and some of its distinctive ideas.
Gamma Ray Bursts in the comoving frame
Creators: name: Ghirlanda, G.
name: Nava, L.
name: Ghisellini, G.
name: Celotti, A.
name: Burlon, D.
name: Covino, S.
name: Melandri, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We estimate the bulk Lorentz factor Gamma_0 of 31 GRBs using the measured peak time of their afterglow light curves. We consider two possible scenarios for the estimate of Gamma_0: the case of a homogeneous circumburst medium or a wind density profile. The values of Gamma_0 are broadly distributed between few tens and several hundreds with average values ~138 and ~66 for the homogeneous and wind density profile, respectively. We find that the isotropic energy and luminosity correlate in a similar way with Gamma_0, i.e. Eiso Gamma_0^2 and Liso Gamma_0^2, while the peak energy Epeak Gamma_0. These correlations are less scattered in the wind density profile than in the homogeneous case. We then study the energetics, luminosities and spectral properties of our bursts in their comoving frame. The distribution of Liso' is very narrow with a dispersion of less than a decade in the wind case, clustering around Liso'=5x10^48 erg/s. Peak photon energies cluster around Epeak'=6 keV. The newly found correlations involving Gamma_0 offer a general interpretation scheme for the spectral-energy correlations of GRBs. The Epeak-Eiso and Epeak-Liso correlations are due to the different Gamma_0 factors and the collimation-corrected correlation, Epeak-Egamma (obtained by correcting the isotropic quantities for the jet opening angle theta_j), can be explained if theta_j^2*Gamma_0=constant. Assuming the Epeak-Egamma correlation as valid, we find a typical value of theta_j*Gamma_0 ~ 6-20, in agreement with the predictions of magnetically accelerated jet models.
description: 13 pages, 9 figures, 5 tables. Accepted by MNRAS
CORPORATE GOVERNANCE AND FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE IN MALAYSIAN LISTED COMPANIES
Creators: name: Ag Kaifah Riyard Bin Kiflee
name: Mohd Noor Azli Bin Ali Khan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019

description: The objective of this study is to determine the presence of risk information within the annual report of Malaysian non-financial listed companies and empirically extent the current literature of corporate governance and risk disclosure by an incorporating interaction effect in the model. The 2007/2008 global financial crisis has risen the need for vibrant risk management and high quality risk reporting through sound corporate governance function. This study attempt to answer whether the risk disclosure of Malaysian non-financial listed company is influenced by corporate governance. The corporate governance discusses are board independence, board size, board gender, board duality, auditor quality, auditor independence, auditor tenure, audit committee independence and audit committee expertise. It also includes interaction variable as the potential variable to explain the relationship between corporate governance and risk disclosure.
On Buffered Clos Switches
Creators: name: Krishnan, Santosh
name: Schulzrinne, Henning G.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2002
Subjects: Computer science

description: There is a widespread interest in switching architectures that can scale in capacity with increasing interface transmission rates and higher port counts. Furthermore, packet switches that provide Quality of Service (QoS), such as bandwidth and delay guarantees, to the served user traffic are also highly desired. This report addresses the issue of constructing a high-capacity QoS-capable, multi-module switching node. Output queued switches provide the best performance in terms of throughput as well as QoS but do not scale. Input queued switches, on the other hand, require complex arbitration procedures to achieve the same level of performance. We enumerate the design constraints in the construction of a packet switch and present several approaches to build a system composed of lower-capacity memory and space elements, and analyze their performance. Towards this goal, we establish a new taxonomy for a class of switches, which we call Buffered Clos switches, and present a formal framework for optimal packet switching performance, in terms of both throughput and QoS. Within the taxonomy, we augment the existing combined input-output queueing (CIOQ) systems with Aggregation and Pipelining techniques. Furthermore, we present the design and analysis of a novel parallel packet switch architecture. For the items in the taxonomy, we present algorithms that provide optimal throughput and QoS, in accordance with the above performance framework. While some of the presented ideas are still in the investigative stage, we believe that the current state of the work, especially the formal treatment of switching, will be beneficial to the ongoing research in the field.
Scattering of knotted vortices (Hopfions) in the Faddeev-Skyrme model
Creators: name: Hietarinta, J.
name: Palmu, J.
name: Jäykkä, J.
name: Pakkanen, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Several materials, such as ferromagnets, spinor Bose-Einstein condensates, and some topological insulators, are now believed to support knotted structures. One of the most successful base-models having stable knots is the Faddeev-Skyrme model and it is expected to be contained in some of these experimentally relevant models. The taxonomy of knotted topological solitons (Hopfions) of this model is known. In this paper we describe some aspects of the dynamics of Hopfions and show that they do indeed behave like particles: during scattering the Hopf charge is conserved and bound states are formed when the dynamics allows it. We have also investigated the dynamical stability of a pair of Hopfions in stacked or side-by-side configurations, whose theoretical stability has been recently discussed by Ward.
description: 24 pages, 11 figures
Uniform estimates near the initial state for solutions to the two-phase parabolic problem
Creators: name: Apushkinskaya, D. E.
name: Uraltseva, N. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: This paper is devoted to a proof of optimal regularity, near the initial state, for weak solutions to the two-phase parabolic obstacle problem. The approach used here is general enough to allow us to consider the initial data belonging to the class $C^{1,1}$.
Open Science in  Solid Earth Sciences: Status & vision
Creators: name: Cocco, Massimo
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: open science practices
EPOS
Solid heart science

description: Invited presentation at OpenAIRE Workshop on Open Science Publishing Practices and Prospects, co-located with IRCDL2019 conference, Pisa.
Survivor: An Approach for Adding Dependability to Legacy Workflow Systems
Creators: name: Greze, Jean-Denis
name: Kaiser, Gail E.
name: Kc, Gaurav S.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2002
Subjects: Computer science

description: Although they often provide critical services, most workflow systems are not dependable. There has been much literature on dependable/survivable distributed systems; most is concerned with developing new architectures, not adapting pre-existing ones. Additionally, the literature is focused on hardening, security-based defense, as opposed to recovery. For deployed systems, it is often infeasible to completely replace existing infrastructures; what is more pragmatic are ways in which existing distributed systems can be adapted to offer better dependability. In this paper, we outline a general architecture that can easily be retrofitted to legacy workflow systems in order to improve dependability and fault tolerance. We do this by monitoring enactment and replicating partial workflow states as tools for detection, analysis and recovery. We discuss some policies that can guide these mechanisms. Finally, we describe and evaluate our implementation, Survivor, which modified an existing workflow system provided by the Naval Research Lab.
What a GReaT Scheduling opportunity
Creators: name: Skouson, Gary
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: There are likely more ideas about the fair way to schedule workloads than there are systems that run those workloads. Possibly more than the number of users of those systems. Unfortunately, since fair is different in different contexts, the optimal solution is unlikely to be a one-size-fits-all, solution, or even an adjustable-size solution where everyone turns a couple of knobs to get the optimal fair solution to meet their need.
I will present GReaT allocations used at the Institute for Computational and Data Sciences, at Penn State University. We provide guaranteed start time expectations and priority scheduling, similar in some respects to condo-like scheduling systems. In addition to start time and resource availability, we provide access to temporary extended resources and protection against rogue or runaway jobs that could drain allocations. Our configuration required additional extensions in addition to the standard tools provided with slurm scheduling systems.
Optimal monetary and fiscal policy in a liquidity trap
Creators: name: Eggertsson, Gauti
name: Woodford, Michael
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2004
Subjects: Economics

description: In previous work (Eggertsson and Woodford, 2003), we characterized the optimal conduct of monetary policy when a real disturbance causes the natural rate of interest to be temporarily negative, so that the zero lower bound on nominal interest rates binds, and showed that commitment to a history-dependent policy rule can greatly increase welfare relative to the outcome under a purely forward-looking inflation target. Here we consider in addition optimal tax policy in response to such a disturbance, to determine the extent to which fiscal policy can help to mitigate the distortions resulting from the zero bound, and to consider whether a history-dependent monetary policy commitment continues to be important when fiscal policy is appropriately adjusted. We find that even in a model where complete tax smoothing would be optimal as long as the zero bound never binds, it is optimal to temporarily adjust tax rates in response to a binding zero bound; but when taxes have only a supply-side effect, the optimal policy requires that the tax rate be raised during the "trap", while committing to lower tax rates below their long-run level later. An optimal policy commitment is still history-dependent, in general, but the gains from departing from a strict inflation target are modest in the case that fiscal policy responds to the real disturbance in an appropriate way.
Difference population equation with the variable Allee effect and periodic carrying capacity
Creators: name: Chugunova, Marina Alexandrovna
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: difference equation
subject: Allee effect
subject: periodic carrying capacity
subject: equilibrium points
subject: stable cycles
subject: Ricker model
subject: Education--Mathematics
subject: Biology

description: The subject of this research is the location, stability, and the basin of attraction for the equilibrium points and periodic solutions for the Ricker equation enhanced with the mechanism for both weak and strong types of the Allee effect and periodic carrying capacity. The research has shown that just an addition of one biological phenomenon to Ricker equation, namely, the Allee effect, significantly changes the necessary conditions for the equilibrium point of the equation to obtain stability. This also increases the range of the parameters which allow for the equilibrium solution or a cycle to remain globally asymptotically stable. It was shown that the p-periodic carrying capacity always generates the p-periodic solutions which can be global attractors. Embedding the mechanism for the strong Allee effect generates several basins of attraction with either an equilibrium point or a stable cycle as an attractor. Concavity was proven not necessary for the attenuant property of the cycle.