cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The HST large programme on NGC 6752 -- IV. The White Dwarf Sequence
Creators: name: Bedin, L. R.
name: Salaris, M.
name: Anderson, J.
name: Scalco, M.
name: Nardiello, D.
name: Vesperini, E.
name: Richer, H.
name: Burgasser, A.
name: Griggio, M.
name: Gerasimov, R.
name: Apai, D.
name: Bellini, A.
name: Libralato, M.
name: Bergeron, P.
name: Rich, R. M.
name: Grazian, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present our final study of the white dwarf cooling sequence (WD CS) in the globular cluster NGC 6752. The investigation is the main goal of a dedicated Hubble Space Telescope large Program, for which all the observations are now collected. The WD CS luminosity function (LF) is confirmed to peak at m_F606W = 29.3+/-0.1, consistent within uncertainties with what has been previously reported, and is now complete down to m_F606W~29.7. We have performed robust and conclusive comparisons with model predictions that show how the theoretical LF for hydrogen envelope WD models closely follow the shape of the empirical LF. The magnitude of the peak of the observed LF is matched with ages between 12.7 and 13.5 Gyr, consistent with the cluster age derived from the main sequence turn off and subgiant branch. We also find that the impact of multiple populations within the cluster on the WD LF for m_F606W below 27.3 is negligible, and that the presence of a small fraction of helium envelope objects is consistent with the data. Our analysis reveals a possible hint of an underestimate of the cooling timescales of models in the magnitude range 28.1 < m_F606W < 28.9. Finally, we find that hydrogen envelope models calculated with a new tabulation of electron conduction opacities in the transition between moderate and strong degeneracy provide WD ages that are too small in comparison to the Main Sequence turnoff age.
description: 16 pages, 13 figures. Accepted for publication in MNRAS on 2022, November 4. Associated files soon at this https://web.oapd.inaf.it/bedin/files/PAPERs_eMATERIALs/NGC6752_IV/
Local rigidity, contact homeomorphisms, and conformal factors
Creators: name: Usher, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Symplectic Geometry (math.SG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53D22

description: We show that if the image of a Legendrian submanifold under a contact homeomorphism (i.e. a homeomorphism that is a $C^0$-limit of contactomorphisms) is smooth then it is Legendrian, assuming only positive local lower bounds on the conformal factors of the approximating contactomorphisms. More generally the analogous result holds for coisotropic submanifolds in the sense of arXiv:1306.6367. This is a contact version of the Humilière-Leclercq-Seyfaddini coisotropic rigidity theorem in $C^0$ symplectic geometry, and the proof adapts the author's recent re-proof of that result in arXiv:1912.13043 based on a notion of local rigidity of points on locally closed subsets. We also provide two different flavors of examples showing that a contact homeomorphism can map a submanifold that is transverse to the contact structure to one that is smooth and tangent to the contact structure at a point.
description: 38 pages. v2: minor edits
A Herschel study of G214.5-1.8: a young, cold and quiescent giant molecular filament on the shell of a HI superbubble
Creators: name: Clarke, S. D.
name: Sanchez-Monge, A.
name: Williams, G. M.
name: Howard, A. D. P.
name: Walch, S.
name: Schneider, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an analysis of the outer Galaxy giant molecular filament (GMF) G214.5-1.8 (G214.5) using Herschel data. We find that G214.5 has a mass of $\sim$ 16,000 M$_{\odot}$, yet hosts only 15 potentially protostellar 70 $μ$m sources, making it highly quiescent compared to equally massive clouds such as Serpens and Mon R2. We show that G214.5 has a unique morphology, consisting of a narrow `Main filament' running north-south and a perpendicular `Head' structure running east-west. We identify 33 distinct massive clumps from the column density maps, 8 of which are protostellar. However, the star formation activity is not evenly spread across G214.5 but rather predominantly located in the Main filament. Studying the Main filament in a manner similar to previous works, we find that G214.5 is most like a 'Bone' candidate GMF, highly elongated and massive, but it is colder and narrower than any such GMF. It also differs significantly due to its low fraction of high column density gas. Studying the radial profile, we discover that G214.5 is highly asymmetric and resembles filaments which are known to be compressed externally. Considering its environment, we find that G214.5 is co-incident, spatially and kinematically, with a HI superbubble. We discuss how a potential interaction between G214.5 and the superbubble may explain G214.5's morphology, asymmetry and, paucity of dense gas and star formation activity, highlighting the intersection of a bubble-driven interstellar medium paradigm with that of a filament paradigm for star formation.
description: Accepted in MNRAS. 26 pages, 24 figures
Asymmetric hyperbolic L-spaces, Heegaard genus, and Dehn filling
Creators: name: Dunfield, Nathan M.
name: Hoffman, Neil R.
name: Licata, Joan E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 57R58, 57M50

description: An L-space is a rational homology 3-sphere with minimal Heegaard Floer homology. We give the first examples of hyperbolic L-spaces with no symmetries. In particular, unlike all previously known L-spaces, these manifolds are not double branched covers of links in S^3. We prove the existence of infinitely many such examples (in several distinct families) using a mix of hyperbolic geometry, Floer theory, and verified computer calculations. Of independent interest is our technique for using interval arithmetic to certify symmetry groups and non-existence of isometries of cusped hyperbolic 3-manifolds. In the process, we give examples of 1-cusped hyperbolic 3-manifolds of Heegaard genus 3 with two distinct lens space fillings. These are the first examples where multiple Dehn fillings drop the Heegaard genus by more than one, which answers a question of Gordon.
description: 19 pages, 2 figures. v2: minor changes to intro. v3: accepted version, to appear in Math. Res. Letters
Validating Earnings in the German National Educational Panel Study. Determinants of Measurement Accuracy of Survey Questions on Earnings
Creators: name: Antoni, Manfred
name: Bela, Daniel
name: Vicari, Basha
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: masurement error
earnings
social desirability
interviewer effects
NEPS-SC6-ADIAB

description: Questions on earnings are counted among sensitive topics that often produce high rates of item nonresponse or measurement error. Both types of bias are well documented in the literature. Moreover, both are concentrated in the tails of the earnings distribution. In this paper, we analyze whether measurement error on earnings and particularly the U-shape it often exhibits can be explained by socially desirable reporting. Using the linked dataset NEPS-SC6-ADIAB, which contains survey data from the German National Educational Panel Study, Starting Cohort “Adults”, (NEPS SC6) linked to administrative earnings records from the German Federal Employment Agency, we explore the extents of over- and underreporting and the influence of respondent and interviewer characteristics on these behaviors for different quartiles of the earnings distribution. Our results show that the average level of misreporting is relatively low (approximately 6 % of the median earnings). Our main logistic model reveals that female and more highly educated respondents report significantly more accurately, while those with higher earnings misreport significantly more. Regarding the impact of personality traits on reporting accuracy, we find significant positive effects for more agreeable respondents and significant negative effects for extraverted ones. When differentiating by the direction of misreporting, we find, for instance, that women are less likely to overreport across all earnings quartiles. However, the influence of interviewer characteristics is negligible.
Fractionality and $\cal{PT}$- symmetry in a square lattice
Creators: name: Molina, Mario I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the spectral stability of a 2D discrete Schrödinger equation on a square lattice, in the simultaneous presence of a fractional Laplacian and $\cal{PT}$ symmetry. For that purpose, we compute the plane-wave spectrum in closed form, as a function of the gain/loss parameter and the fractional exponent. Examination of the spectrum reveals that an increase of the gain/loss parameter favors the early appearance of complex eigenvalues, thus is, the onset of a broken ${\cal PT}$ symmetry. On the other hand, as the fractional exponent decreases from unity, at a critical value a gap opens up separating the upper and lower bands, and the spectrum becomes real. Further decrease of the exponent increases the width of the gap and the system remains in the $\cal{PT}$-symmetric phase down to a vanishing value of the fractional exponent. Examination of the density of states and the participation ratio reinforce these observations and lead one to conclude that, unlike the standard, non-fractional case where the binary lattice is always in the broken $\cal{PT}$ phase, for the fractional case it is possible to have a symmetric $\cal{P}{\cal T}$ phase in the presence of a finite gain/loss parameter and a small enough fractional exponent.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures
Decentralized Observer Design for Virtual Decomposition Control
Creators: name: Humaloja, Jukka-Pekka
name: Koivumäki, Janne
name: Paunonen, Lassi
name: Mattila, Jouni
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: 93C10, 93C15, (34D20, 70Q05)

description: In this paper, we incorporate velocity observer design into the virtual decomposition control (VDC) strategy of an $n$-DoF open chain robotic manipulator. Descending from the VDC strategy, the proposed design is based on decomposing the $n$-DoF manipulator into subsystems, i.e., rigid links and joints, for which the decentralized controller-observer implementation can be done locally. Similar to VDC, the combined controller-observer design is passivity-based, and we show that it achieves semiglobal exponential convergence of the tracking error. The convergence analysis is carried out using Lyapunov functions based on the observer and controller error dynamics. The proposed design is demonstrated in a simulation study of a 2-DoF open chain robotic manipulator in the vertical plane.
description: 17 pages, 4 figures
An Asymmetric Noncommutative Torus
Creators: name: Dabrowski, Ludwik
name: Sitarz, Andrzej
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 58B34, 58J42

description: We introduce a family of spectral triples that describe the curved noncommutative two-torus. The relevant family of new Dirac operators is given by rescaling one of two terms in the flat Dirac operator. We compute the dressed scalar curvature and show that the Gauss-Bonnet theorem holds (which is not covered by the general result of Connes and Moscovici).
ReAct: A Review Comment Dataset for Actionability (and more)
Creators: name: Choudhary, Gautam
name: Modani, Natwar
name: Maurya, Nitish
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Review comments play an important role in the evolution of documents. For a large document, the number of review comments may become large, making it difficult for the authors to quickly grasp what the comments are about. It is important to identify the nature of the comments to identify which comments require some action on the part of document authors, along with identifying the types of these comments. In this paper, we introduce an annotated review comment dataset ReAct. The review comments are sourced from OpenReview site. We crowd-source annotations for these reviews for actionability and type of comments. We analyze the properties of the dataset and validate the quality of annotations. We release the dataset (https://github.com/gtmdotme/ReAct) to the research community as a major contribution. We also benchmark our data with standard baselines for classification tasks and analyze their performance.
description: Published at WISE 2021
Large deviations for the largest eigenvalue of matrices with variance profiles
Creators: name: Husson, Jonathan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60F10, 60B20

description: In this article we consider Wigner matrices $X_N$ with variance profiles (also called Wigner-type matrices) which are of the form $X_N(i,j) = σ(i/N,j/N) a_{i,j} / \sqrt{N}$ where $σ$ is a symmetric real positive function of $[0,1]^2$ and $σ$ will be taken either continuous or piecewise constant. We prove a large deviation principle for the largest eigenvalue of those matrices under the same condition of sharp sub-Gaussian bound and for some other assumptions on $σ$. These sub-Gaussian bounds are verified for example for Gaussian variables, Rademacher variables or uniform variables on $[- \sqrt{3}, \sqrt{3}]$.
description: 43 pages, 3 figures
Sub-GeV Dark Matter Searches with EDELWEISS: New results and prospects
Creators: name: Lattaud, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Edelweiss collaboration performs light Dark Matter (DM) particles searches with germanium bolometer collecting charge and phonon signals. Thanks to the Neganov-Trofimov-Luke (NTL) effect, a RMS resolution of 4.46 electron-hole pairs was obtained on a massive (200g) germanium detector instrumented with a NbSi Transition Edge Sensor (TES) operated underground at the Laboratoire Souterrain de Modane (LSM). This sensitivity made possible a search for WIMP using the Migdal effect down to 32 MeV/C$^{2}$ and exclude cross-sections down to 10$^{-29}$ cm$^2$. It is the first measurement in cryogenic germanium with such thermal sensor, proving the high relevance of this technology. Furthermore, such TES have shown sensitivity to out-of-equilibrium phonons, paving the way for EDELWEISS new experience CRYOSEL. This is an important step in the development of Ge detectors with improved performance in the context of the EDELWEISS-SubGeV program.
description: 8 pages, 7 figures. Proceeding for IDM22. To be published on scipost
Commonly shared differentially expressed genes in synovial tissues following anti-rheumatic treatment
Creators: name: Kang, Le
name: Liu, Song
name: Dai, Chengqian
name: Pan, Xinling
name: Wang, Lihong
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Rheumatology and arthritis
Sports medicine
Surgery
Orthopaedics

description: Background: The molecular mechanisms underlying anti-rheumatic drugs remained unclear. Objective: The objective of this article was to provide new insights to the possibility that different drugs may have shared common targets in RA patients. Methods: Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in synovial tissue from patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) following treatment with abatacept, tocilizumab, or the standard regimen were identified. Disease Activity Score 28 C-reactive protein ≤2.6 were defined as symptomatic remission. DEGs was validated in synovial tissue from patients with joint replacement by immunohistochemistry. Results: HS6ST2 was upregulated, with TRAT1 and EMR2 downregulated following anti-rheumatic treatment. HS6ST2 was associated with the remission outcome (OR = 0.49), with a good discrimination power (AUC = 0.749). In the validtaion, , low HS6ST2 expression was in the synovial tissues. Conclusion: HS6ST2 was a protective factor for postmedication remission in RA patients.
Rational Parameter Rays of The Multibrot Sets
Creators: name: Eberlein, Dominik
name: Mukherjee, Sabyasachi
name: Schleicher, Dierk
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 37F10, 37F20, 37F45, 30D05

description: We prove a structure theorem for the multibrot sets, which are the higher degree analogues of the Mandelbrot set, and give a complete picture of the landing behavior of the rational parameter rays and the bifurcation phenomenon. Our proof is inspired by previous works of Schleicher and Milnor on the combinatorics of the Mandelbrot set; in particular, we make essential use of combinatorial tools such as orbit portraits and kneading sequences. However, we avoid the standard global counting arguments in our proof and replace them by local analytic arguments to show that the parabolic and the Misiurewicz parameters are landing points of rational parameter rays.
Reading and rioting: Student politics beyond the university
Creators: name: Lamusse, Ti
name: Morgan, S
name: Rākete, E
name: Birchall, AR
Publisher: name: Open Access Te Herenga Waka-Victoria University of Wellington
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology

description: Students are ‘universally’ subjected to debt and financialisation; a subjectivation which has most recently defined the University of Auckland student movement. This movement currently consists of two intersecting groups: Reclaim UoA and Petty and Vindictive. The logics of finance construct students as investors and enclose the commons of the university, necessitating the creation of an ‘Undercommons’. The theory of the Undercommons (Harney & Moten, 2004) suggests we must look beyond the university for progressive alternatives. The student movement must find a ‘universal’ response to financialisation which does not subsume the ‘particular’ struggles of those who make up that movement.
SNIFF: Reverse Engineering of Neural Networks with Fault Attacks
Creators: name: Breier, Jakub
name: Jap, Dirmanto
name: Hou, Xiaolu
name: Bhasin, Shivam
name: Liu, Yang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Neural networks have been shown to be vulnerable against fault injection attacks. These attacks change the physical behavior of the device during the computation, resulting in a change of value that is currently being computed. They can be realized by various fault injection techniques, ranging from clock/voltage glitching to application of lasers to rowhammer. In this paper we explore the possibility to reverse engineer neural networks with the usage of fault attacks. SNIFF stands for sign bit flip fault, which enables the reverse engineering by changing the sign of intermediate values. We develop the first exact extraction method on deep-layer feature extractor networks that provably allows the recovery of the model parameters. Our experiments with Keras library show that the precision error for the parameter recovery for the tested networks is less than $10^{-13}$ with the usage of 64-bit floats, which improves the current state of the art by 6 orders of magnitude. Additionally, we discuss the protection techniques against fault injection attacks that can be applied to enhance the fault resistance.
description: Published in IEEE Transactions on Reliability
Energy transfers in dynamos with small magnetic Prandtl numbers
Creators: name: Kumar, Rohit
name: Verma, Mahendra K.
name: Samtaney, Ravi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We perform numerical simulation of dynamo with magnetic Prandtl number $\mathrm{Pm} =0.2$ on $1024^3$ grid, and compute the energy fluxes and the shell-to-shell energy transfers. These computations indicate that the magnetic energy growth takes place mainly due to the energy transfers from large-scale velocity field to large-scale magnetic field and that the magnetic energy flux is forward. The steady-state magnetic energy is much smaller than the kinetic energy, rather than equipartition; this is because the magnetic Reynolds number is near the dynamo transition regime. We also contrast our results with those for dynamo with $\mathrm{Pm} =20$ and decaying dynamo.
description: 20 pages, 16 figures
Survey # 2076
Creators: name: Institut Für Demoskopie Allensbach
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2019

description: Hopes and fears (1); satisfaction with previous year (1); interest in journalists and commentators (1); personal choice for Man of the Year (1); inflation (1); future unemployment rate (1); Chancellor Brandt job performance (1); hypothetical letter to the Chancellor (6); beer brands (1); drinking habits (2); tissue brands (2); sparkling wine brands (2); Economy and Finance Minister Schiller job performance (1); Foreign Minister Scheel job performance (1); attitudes toward free trade (1); attitudes toward redistribution of property rights (1); economic inequality (2); cigarette brands (8); prospective federal vote choice (1); estimated monthly expenses for average family (2); strikes in Baden-Württemberg (4); future economic well-being in Germany (1); TV viewing habits (5); current economic conditions in Germany (1); car ownership (1); car servicing (9); “New Christmas” initiative/buying Christmas trees (2); class struggle (1); home ownership (1); front doors (1); magazine brands (1); SPD convention (4); smoking habits (1); freedom of speech in Germany (2); experience with theft (3); travelling by train (20); general/recent mood (3); thriftiness/conservativeness (1).
A combinatorial Hopf algebra for nonlinear output feedback control systems
Creators: name: Espinosa, Luis A. Duffaut
name: Ebrahimi-Fard, Kurusch
name: Gray, W. Steven
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05E15, 17D25

description: In this work a combinatorial description is provided of a Faa di Bruno type Hopf algebra which naturally appears in the context of Fliess operators in nonlinear feedback control theory. It is a connected graded commutative and non-cocommutative Hopf algebra defined on rooted circle trees. A cancellation free forest formula for its antipode is given.
description: revised and updated
Representation variety for the rank one affine group
Creators: name: González-Prieto, Angel
name: Logares, Marina
name: Muñoz, Vicente
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 57R56, 14C30, 14D07, 14D21

description: The aim of this paper is to study the virtual classes of representation varieties of surface groups onto the rank one affine group. We perform this calculation by three different approaches: the geometric method, based on stratifying the representation variety into simpler pieces; the arithmetic method, focused on counting their number of points over finite fields; and the quantum method, which performs the computation by means of a Topological Quantum Field Theory. We also discuss the corresponding moduli spaces of representations and character varieties, which turn out to be non-equivalent due to the non-reductiveness of the underlying group.
description: 28 pages, 3 figures. References added
Radiation Driven Warping of Accretion Discs Due to X-ray Bursts
Creators: name: Ballantyne, D. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The outpouring of radiation during an X-ray burst can affect the properties of accretion discs around neutron stars: the corona can cool and collapse, the inner regions can be bled away due to enhanced accretion, and the additional heating will lead to changes in the disc height. In this paper, we investigate whether radiation from bursts can cause the disc to distort through a warping instability. Working in the limit of isotropic viscosity and linear growth, we find that bursts are more likely to drive disc warps when they have larger luminosities and longer durations. Therefore, warps will be most probable during intermediate duration bursts (IMDBs) and superbursts with evidence for photospheric radius expansion. Further, the development of warps depends on the disc viscosity with larger values of $α$ increasing the likelihood of warp growth. We perform time-dependent evolution calculations of the development of warps during Type I bursts and IMDBs. Depending on the initial warp prior to the burst, we find the burst produces warps at $r$ <~ 50 $r_g$ that rapidly grow and decay on second-long timescales, or ones that grow more slowly and cover a large fraction of the disc. The pulsations of warp at small radii appear to have the properties needed to explain the achromatic fluctuations that have been observed during the tails of some IMDBs. The large scale, slowly growing warps could account for the large reflection strengths and absorbing column densities inferred late in the 4U 1820-30 and 4U 1636-53 superbursts.
description: 15 pages, 15 figures, accepted by MNRAS. Movies of calculations available at this https://www.ballantyne.physics.gatech.edu/movies-from-radiation-driven-warping-of-accretion-discs-due-to-x-ray-bursts/
Survey # 194
Creators: name: Gesellschaft Fuer Markt-Und Meinungs Forschung MBH
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2019

description: Experiences at industrial fair (8); space exploration (3); attitudes toward the USA (3); attitudes toward the UK (1); attitudes toward Russia (1); attitudes toward China (1); war between the US and Russia (1).
Creating student driven medical education using a shared curricular platform in Colombia
Creators: name: Rix, Daniel Del Castillo
name: Hernandez, Eder
Publisher: name: F1000 Research Limited
Year: 2023

description: Providing medical education in lower-middle-income countries, like Colombia, faces the challenge of language barriers and the specifics of local care practices. English resources often overlook nuances such as treatment costs, availability, and localized best practices. To bridge this gap, the Universidad Del Norte Medical School in Barranquilla implemented a 5-month program for 30 medical students during their outpatient internal medicine rotation. Using the Bricks Create tool by ScholarRx, these students were guided in crafting digital educational resources in Spanish, tailored to Colombian medical practices and needs.

 The program yielded positive results with each student creating a Spanish educational resource, or "Brick". All submissions met the program's grading criteria with an average score of 89%. Feedback from the students was overwhelmingly positive, as they felt more connected with the topics they addressed and expressed a desire for continued access to ScholarRx and the Bricks creation tool in future rotations. The success of this initiative underscores the importance of crafting curricula in native languages, catering to specific medical and patient care requirements. The study suggests that expanding this approach to larger student groups and other lower-middle-income nations could be beneficial.
Surrogate Assisted Optimisation for Travelling Thief Problems
Creators: name: Namazi, Majid
name: Sanderson, Conrad
name: Newton, M. A. Hakim
name: Sattar, Abdul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 68T05, 68T20, 90B06, 90C27, 90C59

description: The travelling thief problem (TTP) is a multi-component optimisation problem involving two interdependent NP-hard components: the travelling salesman problem (TSP) and the knapsack problem (KP). Recent state-of-the-art TTP solvers modify the underlying TSP and KP solutions in an iterative and interleaved fashion. The TSP solution (cyclic tour) is typically changed in a deterministic way, while changes to the KP solution typically involve a random search, effectively resulting in a quasi-meandering exploration of the TTP solution space. Once a plateau is reached, the iterative search of the TTP solution space is restarted by using a new initial TSP tour. We propose to make the search more efficient through an adaptive surrogate model (based on a customised form of Support Vector Regression) that learns the characteristics of initial TSP tours that lead to good TTP solutions. The model is used to filter out non-promising initial TSP tours, in effect reducing the amount of time spent to find a good TTP solution. Experiments on a broad range of benchmark TTP instances indicate that the proposed approach filters out a considerable number of non-promising initial tours, at the cost of omitting only a small number of the best TTP solutions.
Frank Featherstone Bonsall Bibliography from Frank Featherstone Bonsall. 31 March 1920-22 February 2011
Creators: name: T. A. Gillespie
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Frank Bonsall played a significant role in the mathematical life of the United Kingdom in the decades following the Second World War. He had a particular impact in Scotland and the north of England, especially in research and graduate education. His research interests focused primarily on functional analysis, the area of mathematics that brings together various strands of analysis under a single abstract framework, and on the related theory of linear operators on Banach spaces. He influenced a generation of young mathematicians with the elegance of his written and oral expositions, both of his own research and that of others. The quality of his caring and thorough research supervision was reflected in his many PhD students who would continue in research and go on to successful academic careers in their own right, both in the United Kingdom and beyond.
Quantum distillation and confinement of vacancies in a doublon sea
Creators: name: Xia, Lin
name: Zundel, Laura A.
name: Carrasquilla, Juan
name: Reinhard, Aaron
name: Wilson, Josh M.
name: Rigol, Marcos
name: Weiss, David S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Ultracold atomic gases have revolutionized the study of non-equilibrium dynamics in quantum many-body systems. Many counterintuitive non-equilibrium effects have been observed, such as suppressed thermalization in a one-dimensional (1D) gas, the formation of repulsive self-bound dimers, and identical behaviors for attractive and repulsive interactions. Here, we observe the expansion of a bundle of ultracold 1D Bose gases in a flat-bottomed optical lattice potential. By combining in situ measurements with photoassociation, we follow the spatial dynamics of singly, doubly, and triply occupied lattice sites. The system sheds interaction energy by dissolving some doublons and triplons. Some singlons quantum distill out of the doublon center, while others remain confined. Our Gutzwiller mean-field model captures these experimental features in a physically clear way. These experiments might be used to study thermalization in systems with particle losses or the evolution of quantum entanglement, or if applied to fermions, to prepare very low entropy states.
description: 22 pages, 8 figures
Motive of the $SL_4$-character variety of torus knots
Creators: name: González-Prieto, Angel
name: Muñoz, Vicente
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14D20, 57M25, 57M27

description: In this paper, we compute the motive of the character variety of representations of the fundamental group of the complement of an arbitrary torus knot into $SL_4(k)$, for any algebraically closed field $k$ of zero characteristic. For that purpose, we introduce a stratification of the variety in terms of the type of a canonical filtration attached to any representation. This allows us to reduce the computation of the motive to a combinatorial problem.
description: 37 pages. Note: download source for the output of all the strata as separate file
Large-Scale Allocation of Personalized Incentives
Creators: name: Javaudin, Lucas
name: Araldo, Andrea
name: de Palma, André
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Econometrics (econ.EM)
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: J.4; G.2
subject: 91B08, 91B32, 90C10

description: We consider a regulator willing to drive individual choices towards increasing social welfare by providing incentives to a large population of individuals. For that purpose, we formalize and solve the problem of finding an optimal personalized-incentive policy: optimal in the sense that it maximizes social welfare under an incentive budget constraint, personalized in the sense that the incentives proposed depend on the alternatives available to each individual, as well as her preferences. We propose a polynomial time approximation algorithm that computes a policy within few seconds and we analytically prove that it is boundedly close to the optimum. We then extend the problem to efficiently calculate the Maximum Social Welfare Curve, which gives the maximum social welfare achievable for a range of incentive budgets (not just one value). This curve is a valuable practical tool for the regulator to determine the right incentive budget to invest. Finally, we simulate a large-scale application to mode choice in a French department (about 200 thousands individuals) and illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed personalized-incentive policy in reducing CO2 emissions.
Learners-as-educators: Education through comprehensive community outreach clinics
Creators: name: Chobanyan, Naira
name: A Szeinfeld
name: D Jetha
name: T Newsome
name: G Schroeder
name: E Best
name: P Delgado
Publisher: name: F1000 Research Limited
Year: 2023

description: Learners-as-educators is an invaluable teaching model for young physicians-in-training and medical students.
 The Breast Screening Project arose from identifying limitations in the data of breast pathology of Sint Maarten women. The project is multifactorial; an educational tool to cascade medical knowledge from Fellows to medical students and to collect data for a prospective study. In collaboration with Sint Maarten’s Ministry of Health, our study aims to analyze risk factors and prevalence of breast abnormalities to guide screening protocols for the local population, akin to the U.S. Preventative Services Task Force guidelines.

 Clinical Medicine Fellows (Fellows), recent graduates of AUC awaiting residency placement, organize and direct student-run clinics under the guidance of a board-certified oncologist. Fellows train medical students for roles on clinic day through stations including informed consent, breast and health questionnaire, blood glucose, cholesterol, vitals, education of breast cancer risk factors, and scribing the oncologist’s breast examinations. Qualitative data collected from pre- and post-clinic surveys from students assessing comfort levels within procedural skills (PS), patient interview skills (IS), and clinical knowledge (CK) aims to identify key learning objectives fortified through engagement in the clinical outreach project. Grade 1 signifies not comfortable at all; 2 signifies intermediate comfort; 3 signifies very comfortable. Concurrently, patients attend a brief, student-run seminar outlining risk factors for breast cancer, recommendations for prevention, and assessment of personal risk using the Gail model.

 This learners-as-educators model prepares Fellows to sharpen both teaching and leadership skills, as they educate medical students to measure vital signs, conduct patient interviews, obtain informed consent, perform blood draws, present patients, document patient-encounters through direct supervision, and educate community on the risk factors for breast cancer.
 Qualitative data demonstrates students’ comfort with all 3 categories improved between pre-clinic and post-clinic grading as per student surveys. This improvement gives credence to the learners-as-educators learning model.
 AUC has identified community-based research as an invaluable tool for medical education through tutelage between Fellows, medical students, and the community; all benefit from the learning experience provided by these outreach clinics.
The Use of Networked Silica to Improve Surface Adhesion of Recycled Fiberglass Composites
Creators: name: Mamanpush, Seyed Hossein
Publisher: name: Washington State University
Year: 2024
Subjects: composite
silica
thermoset
Recycling

description: Much research with recycled glass fiber reinforced composites has been targeted to extract glass fibers from their thermoset resin matrix or considered the shredded composites as the reinforcement system in a new second-generation composite. However, comparing the results of internal bonding of these recycled composites with the original thermoset composites indicates that there is a significantly weaker internal bonding between the recycled thermoset composites and matrix in the second-generation composites. Because of the lack of strong interfacial bonding, there is a possibility to improve the bonding between the recycled thermoset composites and matrix. Among inorganic oxide fillers, silica particles have received much attention due to their well-defined ordered structure, high surface area, cost-effective production, and ease of surface modification. The main issue with using silica is agglomeration and miscibility of silica particles, so we consider an innovative structure of silica, called networked silica to overcome these problems. Networked silica (NS) is a 3D structure of silica that is created by interconnecting silica particles with bridge chains of aliphatic, aromatic, poly imine, peptide, and polyether groups. In this research, we create a 3D structure of silica by interconnecting silica particles with pMDI and consider this NS as the surface modifier of glass fiber polymer and cementitious composites.
Quarkonium-Nucleus Bound States from Lattice QCD
Creators: name: Beane, S. R.
name: Chang, E.
name: Cohen, S. D.
name: Detmold, W.
name: Lin, H. -W.
name: Orginos, K.
name: Parreño, A.
name: Savage, M. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quarkonium-nucleus systems are composed of two interacting hadronic states without common valence quarks, which interact primarily through multi-gluon exchanges, realizing a color van der Waals force. We present lattice QCD calculations of the interactions of strange and charm quarkonia with light nuclei. Both the strangeonium-nucleus and charmonium-nucleus systems are found to be relatively deeply bound when the masses of the three light quarks are set equal to that of the physical strange quark. Extrapolation of these results to the physical light-quark masses suggests that the binding energy of charmonium to nuclear matter is B < 40 MeV.
description: published version
Deflection angle and shadow of the Reissner-Nordström black hole with higher-order magnetic correction in Einstein-nonlinear-Maxwell fields
Creators: name: Kumaran, Yashmitha
name: Övgün, Ali
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Nonlinear electrodynamics is known as the generalizations of Maxwell electrodynamics at strong fields and presents interesting features such as curing the classical divergences present in the linear theory when coupled to general relativity. In this paper, we consider the asymptotically flat Reissner-Nordström black hole solution with higher-order magnetic correction in Einstein-nonlinear-Maxwell fields. We study the effect of the magnetic charge parameters on the black hole, viz. weak deflection angle of photons and massive particles using Gauss-bonnet theorem. Moreover, we apply the Keeton-Petters formalism to confirm our results of the weak deflection angle. Apart from vacuum, their influence in the presence of different media such as plasma and dark matter are probed as well. Finally, we examine the black hole shadow cast using the null-geodesics method and investigate its spherically in-falling thin accretion disk. Our inferences show how the magnetic charge parameter $p$ affects the other physical quantities; so, we impose some constraints on this parameter using the observations from the Event Horizon Telescope.
description: Accepted for publication in Symmetry "Special Issue: Numerical Relativity and Gravitational Wave" (https://www.mdpi.com/2073-8994/14/10/2054)
VFLens: Co-design the Modeling Process for Efficient Vertical Federated Learning via Visualization
Creators: name: Tian, Yun
name: Wang, He
name: Xie, Laixin
name: Ma, Xiaojuan
name: Li, Quan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: As a decentralized training approach, federated learning enables multiple organizations to jointly train a model without exposing their private data. This work investigates vertical federated learning (VFL) to address scenarios where collaborating organizations have the same set of users but with different features, and only one party holds the labels. While VFL shows good performance, practitioners often face uncertainty when preparing non-transparent, internal/external features and samples for the VFL training phase. Moreover, to balance the prediction accuracy and the resource consumption of model inference, practitioners require to know which subset of prediction instances is genuinely needed to invoke the VFL model for inference. To this end, we co-design the VFL modeling process by proposing an interactive real-time visualization system, VFLens, to help practitioners with feature engineering, sample selection, and inference. A usage scenario, a quantitative experiment, and expert feedback suggest that VFLens helps practitioners boost VFL efficiency at a lower cost with sufficient confidence.
description: The Tenth International Symposium of Chinese CHI (Chinese CHI 2022), October 22--23, 2022, Guangzhou, China and Online, China
Asymptotic growth of the local ground-state entropy of the ideal Fermi gas in a constant magnetic field
Creators: name: Leschke, Hajo
name: Sobolev, Alexander V.
name: Spitzer, Wolfgang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Spectral Theory (math.SP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We consider the ideal Fermi gas of indistinguishable particles without spin but with electric charge, confined to a Euclidean plane $\mathbb R^2$ perpendicular to an external constant magnetic field of strength $B>0$. We assume this (infinite) quantum gas to be in thermal equilibrium at zero temperature, that is, in its ground state with chemical potential $μ\ge B$ (in suitable physical units). For this (pure) state we define its local entropy $S(Λ)$ associated with a bounded (sub)region $Λ\subset \mathbb R^2$ as the von Neumann entropy of the (mixed) local substate obtained by reducing the infinite-area ground state to this region $Λ$ of finite area $|Λ|$. In this setting we prove that the leading asymptotic growth of $S(LΛ)$, as the dimensionless scaling parameter $L>0$ tends to infinity, has the form $L\sqrt{B}|\partialΛ|$ up to a precisely given (positive multiplicative) coefficient which is independent of $Λ$ and dependent on $B$ and $μ$ only through the integer part of $(μ/B-1)/2$. Here we have assumed the boundary curve $\partialΛ$ of $Λ$ to be sufficiently smooth which, in particular, ensures that its arc length $|\partialΛ|$ is well-defined. This result is in agreement with a so-called area-law scaling (for two spatial dimensions). It contrasts the zero-field case $B=0$, where an additional logarithmic factor $\ln(L)$ is known to be present. We also have a similar result, with a slightly more explicit coefficient, for the simpler situation where the underlying single-particle Hamiltonian, known as the Landau Hamiltonian, is restricted from its natural Hilbert space $\text L^2(\mathbb R^2)$ to the eigenspace of a single but arbitrary Landau level. Both results extend to the whole one-parameter family of quantum Rényi entropies.
TEST PREPARATION AND TEST-TAKING STRATEGIES OF HIGH AND LOW MATHEMATICS LEARNERS
Creators: name: CLEO JUDE A. JOAQUIN
name: GEMMA F. AGUSTIN
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: ---

description: Abstract
During the pandemic, this research investigated the difficulties experienced by college students in virtual mathematics classes. The study discovered that many students needed to engage more in higher-order mathematical thinking and instead focused on shallow reviewing of formulas and facts without attempting to understand and reason mathematically. The study recommends that instructors recognize students' weaknesses in study strategies and provide instructional interventions for test-taking and study skills to improve student performance in mathematics tests and other subject areas. The study also found a significant difference in test-taking strategies based on students' final grades. High-achieving students displayed a strong interest in mathematics, while those with lower grades demonstrated a weaker interest. Attribution theory linked motivation to the reasons behind success or failure and was closely associated with test-taking strategies. To facilitate access to advanced mathematical learning for all students, including those with low achievement, the study suggests schools should be flexibly organized to offer personalized mathematics programs. Teachers' use of cooperative instructional strategies to teach mathematics and other subjects in higher education is also recommended to enhance learning in higher levels of cognitive domains to address future challenges.