Saprinus (Phaonius) pharao Marseul 1855
Creators: name: Lackner, Tomáš
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2010
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Histeridae
Saprinus
Saprinus pharao

description: Saprinus (Phaonius) pharao Marseul, 1855
(Figs. 13, 41, 70, 104, 136, 660–676)
Saprinus pharao Marseul, 1855: 399, t. XVIII, Fig. 38.
Saprinus pharao: SCHMIDT (1885a): 304; REICHARDT (1941): 177; DAHLGREN (1968): 87, Figs.1A, 3A; KRYZHANOVSKIJ & REICHARDT (1976): 126, 135, Figs. 188–191; MAZUR & KASZAB (1980): 27, Figs. 14 C–G; MAZUR (1984): 45; MAZUR (1997): 218; YÉLAMOS (2002): 257, Figs. 129A, 130, 131A, 132 A–C; MAZUR (2004): 97.
Saprinus aethiops: GEMMINGER & HAROLD (1868): 789 (nomen nudum, given as synonym).
Type locality. Egypt.
Type material examined. SYNTYPE: 1 spec., ‘ Saprinus / 38. Pharao / Aegypte / Deyrolle [round blue label] // Museum Paris / pharao / Coll. De Marseul / 2842-90 [printed-written label] // TYPE [red-printed label]’ (MNHN).
Additional material examined. AZERBAIJAN: Zarat (Baku), Besh Barma, 19.v.1975, 1 ♁, A. Olexa lgt. UZ- BEKISTAN: FERGHANA PROV.: Chamza-Abad, 26.iv.1972, 1 ♁, A. Olexa lgt.; Kyzyl-Kum, Buchara, 30.vi.1976, 4 spec., A. Olexa lgt. (TLAN).
Redescription. Body length: PEL: 4.50–5.10 mm; APW: 1.65–1.75 mm; PPW: 3.55–3.85 mm; EL: 3.00– 3.15 mm; EW: 3.80–4.20 mm.
Body (Figs. 660–661) rectangular oval, convex, cuticle pitch-black, shining, without metallic luster; legs, mouthparts and antennal scape castaneous brown; antennal funnicle rufopiceous.
Antennal scape (Fig. 665) slightly thickened, punctate, with several long setae; antennal club ventrally with 4 slit-like pits and dorsally with 2 slit-like pits roughly corresponding to sutures between antennomeres, furnished only with sparse long sensilla except for apical sensory area (Fig. 664) covered with dense short sensilla (presumably sensilla basiconica), sensory structures of antennal club (Fig. 13) in form of two slit-like pits on dorsal side and four slit-like pits on ventral side, with four vesicles, each under corresponding slit-like pit on ventral side.
Mouthparts. Mandibles (Fig. 104) laterally densely and coarsely punctate, rounded, mandibular apex acute; sub-apical tooth obtuse, inconspicuous; dorsolateral area of mandibles with few scattered short setae (presumably chemoreceptors); labrum (Fig. 70) punctate, emarginate medially, labral pits deep, each with two well-sclerotized long setae; labral fold and process significantly less developed; terminal labial palpomere elongated, its width about one-fourth its length; mentum (Fig. 663) sub-trapezoid, anterior margin with deep conspicuous medi- an notch (Fig. 136), surrounded with four long setae, disc of mentum (except for glabrous median part) with several rows of thick short setae; cardo of maxilla on lateral margin with few short setae; stipes (Fig. 663) triangular, with four to six longer setae; terminal maxillary palpomere elongated, its width about one-fourth its length, approximately 2.5 times as long as penultimate.
Clypeus (Fig. 665) slightly convex, constricted laterally, with coarse punctures and wrinkles; frontal stria largely interrupted medially, slightly prolonged onto clypeus, supraorbital stria well impressed, slightly carinate; frontal disc (Fig. 665) with coarse and dense punctures and wrinkles; eyes convex, well visible from above.
Pronotal sides (Fig. 660) almost straight on basal two-thirds, thence moderately narrowing anteriorly, apical angles rounded, pronotal foveae deeply impressed, anterior incision for head shallow; marginal pronotal stria complete; pronotal disc laterally with deep sparse punctures, becoming finer and sparser medially, median part of pronotal disc almost smooth; row of coarse ovoid punctures present along pronotal base; pronotal hypomeron with long yellow setae; scutellum very small, but visible.
Elytral epipleura on basal half with shallow ovoid punctures, on apical half punctation obliterated; marginal epipleural stria complete, continued as complete apical stria; marginal elytral stria slightly bisinuate, well impressed and carinate, apically nearly attaining marginal epipleural stria. Humeral elytral stria deeply impressed on basal third; inner subhumeral stria absent; all four dorsal elytral striae 1–4 weakly impressed, thin, not in punctures, apically not reaching elytral half; fourth dorsal elytral stria often apically slightly shortened, basally not connected with sutural elytral stria; sutural elytral stria well-impressed, thin, abbreviated on basal third, apically connected with apical elytral stria; elytral disc with moderately dense deep round punctures, separated by about their own to twice their diameter, surface between fourth dorsal and sutural striae with very fine, almost indistinguishable scattered punctation.
Propygidium with dense ellipsoid shallow punctures, interspaces imbricate; pygidium with deep round dense punctures, interspaces not imbricate, punctures becoming sparser apically.
Anterior margin of median portion of prosternum (Fig. 666) straight, rounded laterally; marginal prosternal stria present as lateral fragment; prosternal process convex, surface between carinal prosternal striae with sparse fine punctures, laterally substrigulate, punctures larger and denser, some fringed with sparse short setae; carinal prosternal striae well-impressed, slightly divergent on prosternal apophysis, thence parallel, slightly divergent anteriorly, united in front; lateral prosternal striae carinate, strongly convergent anteriorly, apically attaining near apices of united carinal prosternal striae.
Anterior margin of mesoventrite deeply emarginate medially; discal marginal mesoventral stria well impressed, complete; disc with sparse fine punctation; meso-metaventral sutural stria almost straight, impressed as a row of punctures; intercoxal disc of metaventrite flattened, with longitudinal depression in male, disc of metaventrite for the most part almost smooth, only with scattered microscopic punctation, along posterior margin (especially in area behind hind coxa) denser and coarser punctation appears; lateral metaventral stria (Fig. 669) well impressed, carinate, almost straight, shortened; lateral disc of metaventrite (Fig. 669) slightly concave, with dense shallow large punctures, fringed with short thick yellow setae; metepisternum (Fig. 669) on basal three-fourths with similar punctation, punctures fringed with yellow setae, on apical fourth + fused metepimeron almost smooth; metepisternal stria present along entire metepisternum + fused metepimeron.
Intercoxal disc of the first abdominal sternite completely striate laterally; disc along lateral margins with scattered round punctures, apically with one row of dense punctures, median part almost smooth.
Protibia (Figs. 662, 667) slightly dilated, outer margin with about 5 low teeth topped with short rounded denticle, diminishing in size in proximal direction, followed by 2 tiny round denticles; setae of outer row regular, moderately long and dense; protarsal groove deep; anterior protibial stria present on basal third, next obliterated; setae of median row shorter and sparser than those of outer row; two tarsal denticles present near tarsal insertion; protibial spur well developed, bent, growing out from apical margin of protibia; apical margin of protibia posteriorly with 4 short denticles abutting each other; outer part of posterior surface (Fig. 662) obscurely variolate, separated from glabrous median part of posterior surface by vague boundary, basal third with row of microscopic setae; posterior protibial stria complete, along entire length with dense row of long well sclerotized setae almost completely covering median part of posterior surface of protibia; inner row of setae double, setae dense, shorter than those of posterior protibial stria.
Mesotibia (Fig. 668) slender, outer margin with two rows of short sparse denticles; setae of outer row very regular and dense, longer than denticles themselves; setae of median row shorter, irregular; posterior mesotibial stria shortened apically; anterior surface of mesotibia coriarious-punctate; anterior mesotibial stria almost complete, terminating in single tiny inner anterior denticle; mesotibial spur short; apical margin of mesotibia anteriorly with three short denticles; inner margin of mesotibia with sparse row of long setae; claws of apical tarsomere slightly bent, shorter than half its length; metatibia slenderer and longer than mesotibia, in all aspects similar to it, but denticles on outer margin much sparser and setae of median row denser.
Male genitalia. Eighth sternite (Figs. 670–671) widely separated medially, with pseudopores, several of them with microscopic setae, apically with numerous close-set setae forming a conspicuous apical brush, velum apically with a brush of dense much shorter and finer setae; apex of 8 th sternite fringed with several rows of short setae; eighth tergite and eighth sternite fused laterally (Fig. 672). Ninth tergite (Figs. 673–674) typical for the subfamily; tenth tergite conspicuously small; spiculum gastrale (Fig. 673) conspicuously dilated on apical half. Aedeagus (Figs. 675–676) slender; basal piece of aedeagus short, ratio of its length: length of parameres 1: 4.50; parameres fused almost along their entire length; aedeagus slightly curved ventrad (Fig. 676).
description: Published as part of Lackner, Tomáš, 2010, Review of the Palaearctic genera of Saprininae (Coleoptera: Histeridae), pp. 1-254 in Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae (suppl.) (suppl.) 50 on pages 210-214, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4272127