cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Enhanced Algal Photosynthetic Photon Efficiency by Pulsed Light
Creators: name: Zarmi, Yair
name: Gordon, Jeffrey M.
name: Mahulkar, Amit
name: Khopkar, Avinash R.
name: Patil, Smita D.
name: Banerjee, Arun
name: Reddy, Badari Gade
name: Griffin, Thomas P.
name: Sapre, Ajit
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 97M60

description: We present experimental results demonstrating that, relative to continuous illumination, an increase of a factor of 3-10 in the photon efficiency of algal photo-synthesis is attainable via the judicious application of pulsed light for light intensities of practical interest (e.g., average-to-peak solar photon flux). We also propose a simple model that can account for all the measurements. The model (1) reflects the essential rate-limiting elements in bio-productivity, (2) incorporates the impact of photon arrival-time statistics and (3) accounts for how the enhancement in photon efficiency depends on the timescales of light pulsing and photon flux density. The key is avoiding clogging of the photosynthetic pathway by properly timing the light-dark cycles experienced by algal cells. We show how this can be realized with pulsed light sources, or by producing pulsed-light effects from continuous illumination via turbulent mixing in dense algal cultures in thin photo-bioreactors.
description: 22 pages, 17 Figures
Graphene-based field-effect transistor biosensors for the rapid detection and analysis of viruses: A perspective in view of COVID-19
Creators: name: Sengupta, Joydip
name: Hussain, Chaudhery Mustansar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Current situation of COVID-19 demands a rapid, reliable, cost-effective, facile detection strategy to break the transmission chain and biosensor has emerged as a feasible solution for this purpose. Introduction of nanomaterials has undoubtedly improved the performance of biosensor and the addition of graphene enhanced the sensing ability to a peerless level. Amongst different graphene-based biosensing schemes, graphene field-effect transistor marked its unique presence owing to its ability of ultrasensitive and low-noise detection thereby facilitating instantaneous measurements even in the presence of small amounts of analytes. Recently, graphene field-effect transistor type biosensor is even successfully employed in rapid detection of SARS-CoV-2 and this triggers the interest of the scientific community in reviewing the current developments in graphene field-effect transistor. Subsequently, in this article, the recent progress in graphene field-effect transistor type biosensors for the detection of the virus is reviewed and challenges along with their strengths are discussed.
description: COVID-19, Biosensor, Graphene Field-effect transistor, Virus detection
Box diagram in the elastic electron-proton scattering
Creators: name: Borisyuk, Dmitry
name: Kobushkin, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an evaluation of box diagram for the elastic $ep$ scattering with proton in the intermediate state. Using analytic properties of the proton form factors we express the amplitude via twofold integral, which involves the form factors in the space-like region only. Therefore experimentally measured form factors can be used in the calculations directly. The numerical calculation is done with the form factors extracted by Rosenbluth, as well as by polarization transfer methods. The dependence of the results on the form factor choice is small for $Q^2 < 6 GeV^2$, but becomes sizable at higher $Q^2$.
description: Misprints corrected, two Appendices with technical details added
Dual-comb femtosecond solid-state laser with inherent polarization-multiplexing
Creators: name: Kowalczyk, Maciej
name: Sterczewski, Łukasz
name: Zhang, Xuzhao
name: Petrov, Valentin
name: Wang, Zhengping
name: Sotor, Jarosław
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Dual-comb spectroscopy is a rapidly developing technique enabling ultraprecise broadband optical diagnostics of atoms and molecules. This powerful tool typically requires two phase-locked femtosecond lasers, yet it has been shown that it can be realized without any stabilization if the combs are generated from a single laser cavity. Still, unavoidable intrinsic relative phase-fluctuations always set a limit on the precision of any spectroscopic measurements, hitherto limiting the applicability of bulk dual-comb lasers for mode-resolved studies. Here, we demonstrate a versatile concept for low-noise dual-comb generation from a single-cavity femtosecond solid-state laser based on intrinsic polarization-multiplexing inside an optically anisotropic gain crystal. Due to intracavity spatial separation of the orthogonally-polarized beams, two sub-100 fs pulse trains are simultaneously generated from a 1.05 $μ$m Yb:CNGS oscillator with a repetition rate difference of 4.7 kHz. The laser exhibits the lowest relative noise ever demonstrated for a bulk dual-comb source, supporting free-running mode-resolved spectroscopic measurements over a second. Moreover, the developed dual-comb generation technique can be applied to any solid-state laser exploiting a birefringent active crystal, paving the way towards a new class of highly-coherent, single-cavity, dual-comb laser sources operating in various spectral regions.
description: 13 pages, 7 figures, 43 references
A note on affine quotients and equivariant double fibrations
Creators: name: Nishiyama, Kyo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14L30, 14L35 (Primary) 22E46 (Secondary)

description: We consider two linear reductive algebraic groups $ G $ and $ G' $ over $ C $. Take a finite dimensional rational representation $ W $ of $ G \times G' $. Let $ Y = W // G := Spec C[W]^G $ and $ X = W // G' := \Spec C[W]^{G'} $ be the affine quotients. The quotient space $ X $ (respectively $ Y $) naturally inherits the action of $ G $ (respectively $ G' $). In this note, we study the interrelation between the orbit structures of $ X / G $ and $ Y / G' $. In a good situation, we can embed $ Y / G' $ into $ X / G $, and the embedding map preserves important properties such as the closure relation and nilpotency. We give a sufficient condition for the existence of such embedding, and provide many examples arising from the natural representations of classical groups. As an application we consider the geometric problem of unimodular congruence classes of bilinear forms proposed by Djokovic-Sekiguchi-Zhao.
description: 15 pages. Proceedings of "Infinite Dimensional Harmonic Analysis III (T\"{u}bingen, 2003/9/14 -- 9/21)"; Correction in references
Impairment of value-based decision-making in morphine-dependent rats is partly related to neural connectivity between the anterior cingulate cortex and basolateral amygdala
Creators: name: Fatahi, Zahra
name: Fatahi, Mohammad
name: Haghparast, Abbas
Publisher: name: IfADo - Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors, Dortmund
Year: 2024
Subjects: effort-based decision-making
basolateral amygdala
anterior cingulate cortex
neural synchronization
field potential recording
morphine dependence

description: Previous studies have established that the amygdala specifically the basolateral amygdala (BLA), has a fundamental role in decision-making. The present study aimed to investigate functional and neural synchronization between the BLA and anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) while making effort-choice decisions regarding pre-morphine dependence and morphine dependence times. A T-maze decision-making task with a differential outlay (great vs. small effort) and benefit (great vs. small reward) was done, and local field potentials from the BLA and ACC were assessed simultaneously. Results illustrated that in pre-morphine dependence time, when the animals made great reward/great effort decisions, there was a neural synchronization between both regions in beta and gamma frequency bands; and also, in delta, theta, beta, and gamma frequencies while expending effort and climbing the barrier. However, in morphine-dependent rats, during low reward/low effort choice and also during expending low effort, there was just a weak neural coherence in gamma frequency. Besides, there was neural synchronization in theta, beta, and gamma frequencies during reaching great reward in pre-morphine dependence time. Nevertheless, during reaching low reward in morphine dependence time, there was a weaker coherence in beta and gamma compared to pre-morphine dependence. These findings showed that functional and neural coherence between the BLA and ACC has a fundamental role in making the effort-based decision and expending effort. Preference for low reward/low effort, and decrease in expending effort in morphine-dependent rats is partly associated with the changes in the neural coherence between the BLA and ACC.
description: EXCLI Journal; 23:Doc1; ISSN 1611-2156
Cohomology of GL(4,Z) with Non-trivial Coefficients
Creators: name: Horozov, Ivan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11F75

description: In this paper we compute the cohomology groups of GL(4,Z) with coefficients in symmetric powers of the standard representation twisted by the determinant. This problem arises in Goncharov's approach to the study of motivic multiple zeta values of depth 4. The techniques that we use include Kostant's formula for cohomology groups of nilpotent Lie subalgebras of a reductive Lie algebra, Borel-Serre compactification, a result of Harder on Eisenstein cohomology. Finally, we need to show that the ghost class, which is present in the cohomology of the boundary of the Borel-Serre compactification, disappears in the Eisenstein cohomology of GL(4,Z). For this we use a computationally effective version for the homological Euler characteristic of GL(4,Z) with non-trivial coefficients.
description: 31 pages
整个以太坊智能合约生命周期中安全问题的实证分析实验
Creators: name: 彭, 红利
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 461202
subject: Empirical software engineering

description: 对整个以太坊智能合约生命周期中安全问题的实证分析
The subtle connection between shape coexistence and quantum phase transition. The Zr case
Creators: name: García-Ramos, J. E.
name: Heyde, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Background: Zr region is characterized by very rapid changes in the ground state structure of the nuclei. In particular, the onset of deformation when passing from $^{98}$Zr to $^{100}$Zr is one of the fastest ever observed in the nuclear chart. It has been probed both experimental and theoretically that certain low-lying excited states of Zr isotopes own different shapes than the ground state. Purpose: We intend to disentangle the interplay between the sudden changes in the ground state shape, i.e., the existence of a quantum phase transition, and the presence in the spectra of coexisting states with very different deformation, i.e., the presence of shape coexistence. Method: We rely on a previous calculation using the Interacting Boson Model with Configuration Mixing (IBM-CM) which reproduces in detail the spectroscopic properties of $^{96-110}$Zr. This IBM-CM calculation allows to compute mean-field energy surfaces, wave functions and any other observable related with the presence of shape coexistence or with a quantum phase transition. Results: We obtain energy surfaces and the equilibrium value of the deformation parameter $β$, the U(5) decomposition of the wave functions and the density of states. Conclusions: We confirm that Zr is a clear example of quantum phase transition that originates from the crossing of two configurations with a very different degree of deformation. Moreover, we observe how the intruder configuration exhibits its own evolution which resembles a quantum phase transition too.
description: Accepted in Physical Review C
Resolution of null fiber and conormal bundles on the Lagrangian Grassmannian
Creators: name: Nishiyama, Kyo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14M15, 14E15 (Primary) 14L30, 22E47, 20G05 (Secondary)

description: We study the null fiber of a moment map related to dual pairs. We construct an equivariant resolution of singularities of the null fiber, and get conormal bundles of closed $ K_C $-orbits in the Lagrangian Grassmannian as the categorical quotient. The conormal bundles thus obtained turn out to be a resolution of singularities of the closure of nilpotent $ K_C $-orbits, which is a "quotient" of the resolution of the null fiber.
description: 17 pages; completely revised and add references
Effect of misspecified response correlation in regression analysis
Creators: name: Chui, Grace Shung-Lai
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: One can imagine a possible loss of parameter estimation efficiency when response correlation is ignored or misspecified in modeling a response-covariate relationship. Under what conditions is efficiency lost? How much is lost? Whether the responses are correlated or independent, standard theory for the distribution of least squares parameter estimates in linear models (Gaussian responses) can be readily determined. We find that the linear regression analysis assuming independent responses is (theoretically) never more efficient than that incorporating response dependence. The "difference" in efficiencies between these two analyses — measured by how much more readily the latter detects a non-zero regression coefficient — generally increases as the coefficient-to-noise ratio increases. To incorporate response correlation in G LM parameter estimation, Liang &; Zeger (1986) extended the quasi-likelihood theory and developed the generalized estimating equations (GEE) approach. Despite being a popular method, the effects of misspecifying response correlation (e.g. assuming independence when responses are correlated) on parameter estimation efficiency using GEE are not obvious. To investigate such effects, we use simulation studies in which we generate count data and use the GEE approach to estimate the model parameters, using both the correct and misspecified correlation structures. The generated counts, the number of correlated responses in each cluster/replicate, and the total number of replicates are all small to imitate health impact studies (in which hospital admission counts are often the responses). Despite possible loss of parameter estimation efficiency due to such "obstacles" intrinsic in the model, simulation results indicate that the GEE approach produces' 1. regression parameter estimates with relatively small empirical biases using either a correct or misspecified response correlation; 2. a good estimate of the response correlation matrix if its structure is correctly specified; 3. naive and robust variance estimates both of which estimate the true variance well when the response correlation structure is correctly specified; and 4. good robust variance estimates even when the response correlation is misspecified. Furthermore, in a G LM with exchangeably correlated Poisson data and no covariates, specifying independence or exchangeable dependence yields the same intercept estimate and estimation efficiency, provided that inference is based on the robust variance estimate. The naive variance estimate can significantly underestimate the true variance if the responses are assumed independent when analyzing such a GLM.
Elicitation - questions and word order
Creators: name: Anonymous I
name: Clem, Emily
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: amc

description: This bundle contains recordings and associated notes from an elicitation session conducted by Emily Clem with speaker MPR. Topics covered include questions, word order involving complex nominals, word order with switch-reference clauses, and scope.
INNOVATIVE DESIGN FOR KIDS MASTERY IMPROVEMENT OF LANGUAGE FEATURES IN A STORY
Creators: name: NUR ANTONI EKO TANUSO
name: YAN MUJIYANTO
name: RUDI HARTONO
name: HENDI PRATAMA
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Visual symbol, Picture and picture, Collaborative, Design research, Language feature.

description: Abstract

One of the hardest things for people learning English as a third language is still reading and writing. Because they are still not good enough at language features, they often make big mistakes and assumptions that aren't true. To make learning more fun and useful, visual symbols were made for seven different kinds of language traits. It looks at the Vipicoll form a lot. Visual Symbols media, Picture and picture, and the Collaborative approach are all creatively put together in Vipicoll. This research used Reeve's design method. Research develops Vipicoll learning model, employing interviews, literature reviews, and questionnaires for iterative improvement and validation. Researchers identify problems, create Vipicoll, iteratively refine through trials, forming an effective English Language Education model. Study assesses individual English thinking development, emphasizing interpretive framework, relation, function, and unique visual symbols. From this research, it was found that using Vipicoll really helps improve kids' mastery of language features, especially those in a story. This is proven by the fact that after implementation, kids' correct answers when asked directly by their teachers and their written test answers increased greatly even though many direct answers and test answers used to be wrong and they often didn't understand.
Privacy-Preserving Distributed Projection LMS for Linear Multitask Networks
Creators: name: Wang, Chengcheng
name: Tay, Wee Peng
name: Wei, Ye
name: Wang, Yuan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Multiagent Systems (cs.MA)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We develop a privacy-preserving distributed projection least mean squares (LMS) strategy over linear multitask networks, where agents' local parameters of interest or tasks are linearly related. Each agent is interested in not only improving its local inference performance via in-network cooperation with neighboring agents, but also protecting its own individual task against privacy leakage. In our proposed strategy, at each time instant, each agent sends a noisy estimate, which is its local intermediate estimate corrupted by a zero-mean additive noise, to its neighboring agents. We derive a sufficient condition to determine the amount of noise to add to each agent's intermediate estimate to achieve an optimal trade-off between the network mean-square-deviation and an inference privacy constraint. We propose a distributed and adaptive strategy to compute the additive noise powers, and study the mean and mean-square behaviors and privacy-preserving performance of the proposed strategy. Simulation results demonstrate that our strategy is able to balance the trade-off between estimation accuracy and privacy preservation.
Multiple stellar populations in Schwarzschild modeling and the application to the Fornax dwarf
Creators: name: Kowalczyk, Klaudia
name: Lokas, Ewa L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Dwarf spheroidal (dSph) galaxies are believed to be strongly dark matter dominated and thus are considered perfect objects to study dark matter distribution and test theories of structure formation. They possess resolved, multiple stellar populations that offer new possibilities for modeling. A promising tool for the dynamical modeling of these objects is the Schwarzschild orbit superposition method. In this work we extend our previous implementation of the scheme to include more than one population of stars and a more general form of the mass-to-light ratio function. We tested the improved approach on a nearly spherical, gas-free galaxy formed in the cosmological context from the Illustris simulation. We modeled the binned velocity moments for stars split into two populations by metallicity and demonstrate that in spite of larger sampling errors the increased number of constraints leads to significantly tighter confidence regions on the recovered density and velocity anisotropy profiles. We then applied the method to the Fornax dSph galaxy with stars similarly divided into two populations. In comparison with our earlier work, we find the anisotropy parameter to be slightly increasing, rather than decreasing, with radius and more strongly constrained. We are also able to infer anisotropy for each stellar population separately and find them to be significantly different.
description: 12 pages, 15 figures, accepted for publication in A&A
Calculation of multipole moments of axistationary electrovacuum spacetimes
Creators: name: Fodor, Gyula
name: Filho, Etevaldo dos Santos Costa
name: Hartmann, Betti
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The multipole moments of stationary axially symmetric vacuum or electrovacuum spacetimes can be expressed in terms of the power series expansion coefficients of the Ernst potential on the axis. In this paper we present a simpler, more efficient calculation of the multipole moments, applying methods introduced by Bäckdahl and Herberthson. For the non-vacuum electromagnetic case, our results for the octupole and higher moments differ from the results already published in the literature. The reason for this difference is that we correct an earlier unnoticed mistake in the power series solution of the Ernst equations. We also apply the presented method to directly calculate the multipole moments of a 5-parameter charged magnetized generalization of the Kerr and Tomimatsu-Sato exact solutions.
description: 44 pages. Two Mathematica and two equivalent Maple programs are provided as ancillary files
Inflation and WMAP three year data: Features have a Future!
Creators: name: Covi, Laura
name: Hamann, Jan
name: Melchiorri, Alessandro
name: Slosar, Anze
name: Sorbera, Irene
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The new three year WMAP data seem to confirm the presence of non-standard large scale features in the Cosmic Microwave Anisotropies power spectrum. While these features may hint at uncorrected experimental systematics, it is also possible to generate, in a cosmological way, oscillations on large angular scales by introducing a sharp step in the inflaton potential. Using current cosmological data, we derive constraints on the position, magnitude and gradient of a possible step. We show that a step in the inflaton potential, while strongly constrained by current data, is still allowed and may provide an interesting explanation to the currently measured deviations from the standard featureless spectrum. Moreover, we show that inflationary oscillations in the primordial power spectrum can significantly bias parameter estimates from standard ruler methods involving measurements of baryon oscillations.
description: 8 pages, 11 figures; final version published in Phys. Rev. D
Structural equation modelling of the moderation effect of health locus of control on the Pain-Depression pathway
Creators: name: Campbell, Paul
Publisher: name: F1000Research
Year: 2015

description: Low back pain (LBP) is a common condition and is a significant health issue, creating a huge economic and social burden upon society. Psychological elements are important predictors for prognosis and are key targets of intervention and recovery in LBP. One potential psychological mechanism is Health Locus of Control (HLOC), and its influence on illness perceptions (Wallston et al 1978). The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between constructs of HLOC and pain and disability in those who have LBP. This was a cross sectional study of participants aged between 18-60 years from two longitudinal cohort studies of primary care patients who consulted to general practices in North Staffordshire and Central Cheshire with LBP. Participants were mailed baseline questionnaires, and sent monthly follow-up questionnaires, and followed up again at five and seven years. Clinically significant LBP was defined as a score of 2 or more on pain intensity scale, 4 or more on Roland Morris Disability Questionnaire, and 2, 3 or 4 on the Chronic Pain Grade. The Health Locus of Control Scale assessed Internal and External HLOC constructs and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale assessed psychological features. Pearson’s correlations were carried out between the HLOC constructs and the outcome measures to describe the bivariate relationships. Crosstab analysis was carried out on dichotomised measures to describe percentage proportions of outcome on high or low HLOC scores for Internal HLOC and External HLOC. Logistic regression analysis, reported as Odds Ratios (OR) and 95% Confidence Intervals (CI), tested the association between HLOC and outcome measures with adjustment for age, gender, depression and anxiety. The results showed that individual’s with low Internal HLOC report higher levels of pain and disability, and had double the risk in comparison to high Internal HLOC. Those with high External HLOC were 80% more at risk of having significant pain and disability when compared to low External HLOC. Significant negative correlations were found for Internal HLOC and significant positive correlations for External HLOC for pain and disability outcome measures. Results remained statistically significant after adjustment. In conclusion, this study has shown that high Internal HLOC and low External HLOC produce less clinically significant pain and disability in a cohort of patients presenting to primary care with LBP. In the future this could be used to screen patients during their initial presentation, in order to tailor their management to address negative health beliefs and provide better outcomes for pain and disability in individuals who suffer with LBP. Further research should focus on exploring the relationship between pain and psychological reactions.
Time Dependent Cosmologies and Their Duals
Creators: name: Das, Sumit R.
name: Michelson, Jeremy
name: Narayan, K.
name: Trivedi, Sandip P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct a family of solutions in IIB supergravity theory. These are time dependent or depend on a light-like coordinate and can be thought of as deformations of AdS_5 x S^5. Several of the solutions have singularities. The light-like solutions preserve 8 supersymmetries. We argue that these solutions are dual to the N=4 gauge theory in a 3+1 dimensional spacetime with a metric and a gauge coupling that is varying with time or the light-like direction respectively. This identification allows us to map the question of singularity resolution to the dual gauge theory.
description: 13 pages REVTeX and AMSLaTeX. v2: corrected typos and made some clarifications; reference added; v3: more clarifications, references added
Charged Lepton Flavor Violation at the High-Energy Colliders: Neutrino Mass Relevant Particles
Creators: name: Zhang, Yongchao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We summarize the potential charged lepton flavor violation (LFV) from neutrino mass relevant models, for instance the seesaw mechanisms. In particular, we study, in a model-dependent way, the LFV signals at the high-energy hadron and lepton colliders originating from the beyond standard model (BSM) neutral scalar $H$, doubly charged scalar $H^{\pm\pm}$, heavy neutrino $N$, heavy $W_R$ boson, and the $Z'$ boson. For the neutral scalar, doubly charged scalar and $Z'$ boson, the LFV signals originate from the (effective) LFV couplings of these particles to the charged leptons, while for the heavy neutrino $N$ and $W_R$ boson, the LFV effects are from flavor mixing in the neutrino sector. We consider current limits on these BSM particles and estimate their prospects at future high-energy hadron and lepton colliders.
description: 22 pages, 14 figures, more figures and references, version published in special issue of Universe on cLFV
Physical and Chemical Structure of the Disk and Envelope of the Class 0/I Protostar L1527
Creators: name: Flores-Rivera, Lizxandra
name: Terebey, Susan
name: Willacy, Karen
name: Isella, Andrea
name: Turner, Neal
name: Flock, Mario
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Sub-millimeter spectral line and continuum emission from the protoplanetary disks and envelopes of protostars are powerful probes of their structure, chemistry, and dynamics. Here we present a benchmark study of our modeling code, RadChemT, that for the first time uses a chemical model to reproduce ALMA C$^{18}$O (2-1) and CARMA $^{12}$CO (1-0) and N$_{2}$H$^{+}$ (1-0) observations of L1527, that allow us to distinguish the disk, the infalling envelope and outflow of this Class 0/I protostar. RadChemT combines dynamics, radiative transfer, gas chemistry and gas-grain reactions to generate models which can be directly compared with observations for individual protostars. Rather than individually fit abundances to a large number of free parameters, we aim to best match the spectral line maps by (i) adopting a physical model based on density structure and luminosity derived primarily from previous work that fit SED and 2D imaging data, updating it to include a narrow jet detected in CARMA and ALMA data near ($\leq 75$au) the protostar, and then (ii) computing the resulting astrochemical abundances for 292 chemical species. Our model reproduces the C$^{18}$O and N$_{2}$H$^{+}$ line strengths within a factor of 3.0; this is encouraging considering the pronounced abundance variation (factor $> 10^3$) between the outflow shell and CO snowline region near the midplane. Further, our modeling confirms suggestions regarding the anti-correlation between N$_{2}$H$^{+}$ and the CO snowline between 400 au to 2,000 au from the central star. Our modeling tools represent a new and powerful capability with which to exploit the richness of spectral line imaging provided by modern submillimeter interferometers.
description: 25 pages, 9 figures, and 7 tables. Accepted by ApJ
Levels of Vitamin D according to severity of motor function disorder and the level of bone mineral density in children with cerebral palsy
Creators: name: Zvekic-Svorcan, Jelena
name: Natasa Nenadov
name: Rastislava Krasnik
name: Mikov, Aleksandra
name: Vulovic, Mirela
name: Cila Demesi-Drljan
name: Bekic, Vera
Publisher: name: F1000Research
Year: 2015

description: The cooperation between Home “Veternik” for children and youth with disabilities, Clinic of Child Habilitation and Rehabilitation and the Special Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases in Novi Sad as one of reference centers for DXA in Serbia was initiated more than a year ago, by Prof. A. Milkov MD, PhD, Chair of Department for Medical Rehabilitation at the Faculty of Medicine Novi Sad, Serbia.

The plan was to determine the bone mineral density (BMD) in children with cerebral palsy and to compare the results to their functional status and other risk factors. According to BMD results, patients are introduced to appropriate physical therapy. The study downside is that a small number of children was encompassed (23 in total), but this is only an introduction to further monitoring of cerebral palsy children in this way.
Optical Phonons in Carbon Nanotubes: Kohn Anomalies, Peierls Distortions and Dynamic Effects
Creators: name: Piscanec, Stefano
name: Lazzeri, Michele
name: Robertson, John
name: Ferrari, Andrea Carlo
name: Mauri, Francesco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a detailed study of the vibrational properties of Single Wall Carbon Nanotubes (SWNTs). The phonon dispersions of SWNTs are strongly shaped by the effects of electron-phonon coupling. We analyze the separate contributions of curvature and confinement. Confinement plays a major role in modifying SWNT phonons and is often more relevant than curvature. Due to their one-dimensional character, metallic tubes are expected to undergo Peierls distortions (PD) at T=0K. At finite temperature, PD are no longer present, but phonons with atomic displacements similar to those of the PD are affected by strong Kohn anomalies (KA). We investigate by Density Functional Theory (DFT) KA and PD in metallic SWNTs with diameters up to 3 nm, in the electronic temperature range from 4K to 3000 K. We then derive a set of simple formulas accounting for all the DFT results. Finally, we prove that the static approach, commonly used for the evaluation of phonon frequencies in solids, fails because of the SWNTs reduced dimensionality. The correct description of KA in metallic SWNTs can be obtained only by using a dynamical approach, beyond the adiabatic Born-Oppenheimer approximation, by taking into account non-adiabatic contributions. Dynamic effects induce significant changes in the occurrence and shape of Kohn anomalies. We show that the SWNT Raman G peak can only be interpreted considering the combined dynamic, curvature and confinement effects. We assign the G+ and G- peaks of metallic SWNTs to TO (circumferential) and LO (axial) modes, respectively, the opposite of semiconducting SWNTs.
description: 24 pages, 21 figures, submitted to Phys. Rev. B
Elicitation - noun phrases
Creators: name: Piño Bonangué, José
name: Clem, Emily
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: amc

description: This bundle contains recordings and associated notes from an elicitation session conducted by Emily Clem with José Piño Bonangué. Topics covered include possessives, switch-reference (including with questions), quantifiers, and word order involving with complex nominals.
Photometric Redshifts in the North Ecliptic Pole Wide Field based on a Deep Optical Survey with Hyper Suprime-Cam
Creators: name: Ho, Simon C. -C.
name: Goto, Tomotsugu
name: Oi, Nagisa
name: Kim, Seong Jin
name: Malkan, Matthew A.
name: Pollo, Agnieszka
name: Hashimoto, Tetsuya
name: Toba, Yoshiki
name: Kim, Helen K.
name: Hwang, Ho Seong
name: Shim, Hyunjin
name: Huang, Ting-Chi
name: Kim, Eunbin
name: Wang, Ting-Wen
name: Santos, Daryl Joe D.
name: Matsuhara, Hideo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The $AKARI$ space infrared telescope has performed near- to mid-infrared (MIR) observations on the North Ecliptic Pole Wide (NEPW) field (5.4 deg$^2$) for about one year. $AKARI$ took advantage of its continuous nine photometric bands, compared with NASA's $Spitzer$ and WISE space telescopes, which had only four filters with a wide gap in the MIR. The $AKARI$ NEPW field lacked deep and homogeneous optical data, limiting the use of nearly half of the IR sources for extra-galactic studies owing to the absence of photometric redshifts (photo-zs). To remedy this, we have recently obtained deep optical imaging over the NEPW field with 5 bands ($g$, $r$, $i$, $z$, and $Y$) of the Hyper Suprime-Camera (HSC) on the Subaru 8m telescope. We optically identify AKARI-IR sources along with supplementary $Spitzer$ and WISE data as well as pre-existing optical data. In this work, we derive new photo-zs using a $χ^2$ template-fitting method code ($Le$ $Phare$) and reliable photometry from 26 selected filters including HSC, $AKARI$, CFHT, Maidanak, KPNO, $Spitzer$ and WISE data. We take 2026 spectroscopic redshifts (spec-z) from all available spectroscopic surveys over the NEPW to calibrate and assess the accuracy of the photo-zs. At z < 1.5, we achieve a weighted photo-z dispersion of $σ_{Δ{z/(1+z)}}$ = 0.053 with $η$ = 11.3% catastrophic errors.
description: 20 pages, 13 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS. For summary video, please see http://youtu.be/hjNJRCoBIgg
Errata to "Flat Spacetime Vacuum in Loop Quantum Gravity"
Creators: name: Mikovic, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We give the correct expressions for the spin network evaluations proposed in Class. Quant. Grav. 21 (2004) 3909 as the coefficients of the quantum gravity vacuum wavefunction in the spin network basis.
description: 3 pages, 1 figure
Interval centred form for proving stability of non-linear discrete-time systems
Creators: name: Bourgois, Auguste
name: Jaulin, Luc
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: In this paper, we propose a new approach to prove stability of non-linear discrete-time systems. After introducing the new concept of stability contractor, we show that the interval centred form plays a fundamental role in this context and makes it possible to easily prove asymptotic stability of a discrete system. Then, we illustrate the principle of our approach through theoretical examples. Finally, we provide two practical examples using our method : proving stability of a localisation system and that of the trajectory of a robot.
description: In Proceedings SNR 2020, arXiv:2101.05256
Supplementary figures
Creators: name: De Simone, Salvatore Giovanni
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Supplementary figures

description: Figure S1: List of synthesized peptides covering the entire sequence of aspartyl protease (C7BVX5) from Angiostrongilus cantonensis. (F3, F4, F5, F11, F12, F13 positive controls and F9, F17 negative controls; Figure S2: Identity of the A. cantonensis aspartyl protease (C78VXS) used in our study with major other proteins deposited in data bank; Figure S3: Hydropathycyty (A) and amino acid accessibility (B) of aminoácids of the A. cantonensis aspartyl protease; Figure S4: Cross-reactivity of the six-presenilin nematode proteins deposited in the database with a higher degree of identity (45-80%) with A. cantonensis. BLAST was carried out in the UniProt (Universal Protein) database of the EBI (European Bioinformatics Institute), using the C7BVX5 protein from the organism “Angiostrongylus cantonensis” as input.(1) C7BVX5 (Angiostrongylus cantonensis); (2) A0A0D8XWV7 (Dictyocaulus viviparous); (3) A0A0K0DB71 (Angiostrongylus cantonensis); (4) A0A016U204 (Ancylostoma ceylanicum); (5) A0A016TZZ8 (Ancylostoma ceylanicum); (6) A0A0R3PEK8 (Angiostrongylus costaricensis); (7) G0N7M3 (Caenorhabditis brenneri).
Needs of family members during the perioperative period: a phenomenological study
Creators: name: Wynne, Susan Mary
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: In my practice as an operating room (OR) nurse, I have observed that family members experience distress, uncertainty, and anxiety during the perioperative period. However, little has been documented about their specific needs related to these unpleasant feelings, and the single existing quantitative instrument suffers from reliability and validity problems. The purpose of this descriptive phenomenological study was to understand family members' experiences during the perioperative period. Using Colaizzi's (1978) method of data analysis, family members' own perceptions of their needs were identified. Eight family members of eight patients undergoing extensive surgery were interviewed twice: during the perioperative period and two weeks after surgery. Participants expresssed several concerns, all of which centred around what could happen in their own lives if something "bad" happened to the patient. Also evident was their lack of trust in the health care professionals who were or would be caring for their relatives. Lack of trust increased participants' concerns about the wellbeing of the patient and, thus, their concerns about how their own lives could be affected. Participants used a number of coping behaviours to decrease the distress, uncertainty, and anxiety generated by their concerns; most of these related to remaining connected to the patient. Five needs became apparent: (a) to be with the patient or have the option of being with him/her, both preoperatively and postoperatively; (b) to receive regular updates about the progress of the surgery and the patient's condition; (c) to wait somewhere that is both readily accessible and known to physicians and hospital staff; (d) to be able to make informed decisions about when it is "safe" to take breaks away from the waiting area; and (e) to have the company of others. The findings are practical and significant in that they have immediate implications and applications; right now, OR nurses can begin to intervene to help family members. The findings are exciting because they generate more research questions. The answers to these questions will add to the body of nursing knowledge about family members' needs, and will help nurses to reach the ultimate goal of caring effectively for all family members of patients undergoing surgery.
Gravitational Runaway and Turbulence Driving in Star-Gas Galactic Disks
Creators: name: Kim, Woong-Tae
name: Ostriker, Eve C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Galactic disks consist of both stars and gas. The gas is more dynamically responsive than the stars, and strongly nonlinear structures and velocities can develop in the ISM even while stellar surface density perturbations remain fractionally small. We use 2D numerical simulations to explore formation of bound clouds and turbulence generation in the gas of two-component galactic disks. We represent the stars with collisionless particles and follow their orbits using a PM method, and treat the gas as an isothermal, unmagnetized fluid. The two components interact through a combined gravity. Using stellar parameters typical of mid-disk conditions, we find that models with gaseous Toomre parameter Q_g < Q_c ~ 1.4 experience gravitational runaway and eventually form bound condensations. This Q_c value is nearly the same as previously found for razor-thin, gas-only models, indicating that the destabilizing effect of live stars is offsets the reduced self-gravity of thick disks. This result is also consistent with empirical studies showing that star formation is suppressed when Q_g > 1-2. The bound gaseous clouds that form have mass 6x10^7 Msun each; these represent superclouds that would subsequently fragment into GMCs. Self-gravity and sheared rotation also interact to drive turbulence in the gas when Q_g > Q_c. This turbulence is anisotropic, with more power in sheared than compressive motions. The gaseous velocity dispersion is ~ 0.6 times the thermal speed when Q_g ~ Q_c. This suggests that gravity is important in driving ISM turbulence in many spiral galaxies, since the low efficiency of star formation naturally leads to a state of marginal instability.
description: 41 pages, 13 figures, Accepted for publication in ApJ
Internally-stressed and positionally-disordered minimal complexes yield glasslike nonphononic excitations
Creators: name: Moriel, Avraham
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Glasses, unlike their crystalline counterparts, exhibit low-frequency nonphononic excitations whose frequencies $ω$ follow a universal $\mathcal{D}\!\left(ω\right)\!\sim\!ω^4$ density of states. The process of glass formation generates positional disorder intertwined with mechanical frustration, posing fundamental challenges in understanding the origins of glassy nonphononic excitations. Here we suggest that \emph{minimal complexes} -- mechanically-frustrated and positionally-disordered local structures -- embody the minimal physical ingredients needed to generate glasslike excitations. We investigate the individual effects of mechanical frustration and positional disorder on the vibrational spectrum of isolated minimal complexes, and demonstrate that ensembles of marginally stable minimal complexes yield $\mathcal{D}\!\left(ω\right)\!\sim\!ω^4$. Furthermore, glasslike excitation emerge by embedding a single minimal complex within a perfect lattice. Consequently, minimal complexes offer a conceptual framework to understand glasslike excitations from first principles, as well as a practical computational method for introducing them into solids.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures, Supplemental Materials included
Least angle and $\ell_1$ penalized regression: A review
Creators: name: Hesterberg, Tim
name: Choi, Nam Hee
name: Meier, Lukas
name: Fraley, Chris
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 62J07 (Primary) 69J99 (Secondary)

description: Least Angle Regression is a promising technique for variable selection applications, offering a nice alternative to stepwise regression. It provides an explanation for the similar behavior of LASSO ($\ell_1$-penalized regression) and forward stagewise regression, and provides a fast implementation of both. The idea has caught on rapidly, and sparked a great deal of research interest. In this paper, we give an overview of Least Angle Regression and the current state of related research.
description: Published in at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/08-SS035 the Statistics Surveys (http://www.i-journals.org/ss/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)