cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Defect stability in phase-field crystal models: Stacking faults and partial dislocations
Creators: name: Berry, Joel
name: Provatas, Nikolas
name: Rottler, Jörg
name: Sinclair, Chad W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The primary factors controlling defect stability in phase-field crystal (PFC) models are examined, with illustrative examples involving several existing variations of the model. Guidelines are presented for constructing models with stable defect structures that maintain high numerical efficiency. The general framework combines both long-range elastic fields and basic features of atomic-level core structures, with defect dynamics operable over diffusive time scales. Fundamental elements of the resulting defect physics are characterized for the case of fcc crystals. Stacking faults and split Shockley partial dislocations are stabilized for the first time within the PFC formalism, and various properties of associated defect structures are characterized. These include the dissociation width of perfect edge and screw dislocations, the effect of applied stresses on dissociation, Peierls strains for glide, and dynamic contraction of gliding pairs of partials. Our results in general are shown to compare favorably with continuum elastic theories and experimental findings.
description: 14 pages, 11 figures
Endocytosis in the adaptation to cellular stress
Creators: name: López-Hernández, Tania
name: Haucke, Volker
name: Maritzen, Tanja
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: clathrin-mediated endocytosis
subject: cancer
subject: nutrient signaling
subject: osmotic stress
subject: mechanical stress
subject: hypoxia
subject: oxidative stress
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie

description: Cellular life is challenged by a multitude of stress conditions, triggered for example by alterations in osmolarity, oxygen or nutrient supply. Hence, cells have developed sophisticated stress responses to cope with these challenges. Some of these stress programs such as the heat shock response are understood in great detail, while other aspects remain largely elusive including potential stress-dependent adaptations of the plasma membrane proteome. The plasma membrane is not only the first point of encounter for many types of environmental stress, but given the diversity of receptor proteins and their associated molecules also represents the site at which many cellular signal cascades originate. Since these signaling pathways affect virtually all aspects of cellular life, changes in the plasma membrane proteome appear ideally suited to contribute to the cellular adaptation to stress. The most rapid means to alter the cell surface proteome in response to stress is by alterations in endocytosis. Changes in the overall endocytic flux or in the endocytic regulation of select proteins conceivably can help to counteract adverse environmental conditions. In this review we summarize recent data regarding stress-induced changes in endocytosis and discuss how these changes might contribute to the cellular adaptation to stress in different systems. Future studies will be needed to uncover the underlying mechanisms in detail and to arrive at a coherent picture.
Genuine Multiparty Quantum Entanglement Suppresses Multiport Classical Information Transmission
Creators: name: Prabhu, R.
name: De, Aditi Sen
name: Sen, Ujjwal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We establish a universal complementarity relation between the capacity of classical information transmission by employing a multiparty quantum state as a multiport quantum channel, and the genuine multipartite entanglement of the quantum state. The classical information transfer is from a sender to several receivers by using the quantum dense coding protocol with the multiparty quantum state shared between the sender and the receivers. The relation holds for arbitrary pure or mixed quantum states of an arbitrary number of parties in arbitrary dimensions.
description: 5 (+ epsilon) pages, 2 figures, Revtex4-1; v2: Theorem 3 extended to all states, other results unchanged
Improving the Environmental Impact Classification for Alien Taxa (EICAT): a summary of revisions to the framework and guidelines
Creators: name: Volery, Lara
name: Blackburn, Tim M.
name: Bertolino, Sandro
name: Evans, Thomas
name: Genovesi, Piero
name: Kumschick, Sabrina
name: Roy, Helen E.
name: Smith, Kevin G.
name: Bacher, Sven
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Alien species
subject: impact assessment
subject: impact mechanism
subject: IUCN
subject: non-indigenous species
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie

description: The Environmental Impact Classification for Alien Taxa (EICAT) classifies the impacts caused by alien species in their introduced range in standardised terms across taxa and recipient environments. Impacts are classified into one of five levels of severity, from Minimal Concern to Massive, via one of 12 impact mechanisms. Here, we explain revisions based on an IUCN-wide consultation process to the previously-published EICAT framework and guidelines, to clarify why these changes were necessary. These changes mainly concern: the distinction between the two highest levels of impact severity (Major and Massive impacts), the scenarios of the five levels of severity for the hybridisation and disease transmission mechanisms, the broadening of existing impact mechanisms to capture overlooked mechanisms, the Current (Maximum) Impact, and the way uncertainty of individual impact assessments is evaluated. Our aim in explaining this revision process is to ensure consistency of EICAT assessments, by improving the understanding of the framework.
Exotic Charges, Multicomponent Dark Matter and Light Sterile Neutrinos
Creators: name: Heeck, Julian
name: Zhang, He
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Generating small sterile neutrino masses via the same seesaw mechanism that suppresses active neutrino masses requires a specific structure in the neutral fermion mass matrix. We present a model where this structure is enforced by a new U(1)' gauge symmetry, spontaneously broken at the TeV scale. In order not to spoil the neutrino structure, the additional fermions necessary for anomaly cancellations need to carry exotic charges, and turn out to form multicomponent cold dark matter. The active-sterile mixing then connects the new particles and the Standard Model---opening a new portal in addition to the usual Higgs- and kinetic-mixing portals---which leads to dark matter annihilation almost exclusively into neutrinos.
description: 11 pages, 3 figures. More references, longer discussions. Matches JHEP version
Appropriate uses of EICAT protocol, data and classifications
Creators: name: Kumschick, Sabrina
name: Bacher, Sven
name: Bertolino, Sandro
name: Blackburn, Tim M.
name: Evans, Thomas
name: Roy, Helen E.
name: Smith, Kevin
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biological invasions
subject: Environmental Impact Classification for Alien Taxa
subject: management
subject: policy-making
subject: prioritisation
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie

description: The Environmental Impact Classification for Alien Taxa (EICAT) can be used to classify alien taxa according to the magnitude and type of their environmental impacts. The EICAT protocol, classifications of alien taxa using the protocol (EICAT classification) and the data underpinning classifications (EICAT data) are increasingly used by scientists and practitioners such as governments, NGOs and civil society for a variety of purposes. However, the properties of the EICAT protocol and the data it generates are not suitable for certain uses. Therefore, we present guidelines designed to clarify and facilitate the appropriate use of EICAT to tackle a broad range of conservation issues related to biological invasions, as well as to guide research and communication more generally. Here we address common misconceptions and give a brief overview of some key issues that all EICAT users need to be aware of to take maximal advantage of this resource. Furthermore, we give examples of the wide variety of ways in which the EICAT protocol, classifications and data can be and have been utilised and outline common errors and pitfalls to avoid.
Is antimicrobial resistance evolution accelerating?
Creators: name: Witzany, Christopher
name: Bonhoeffer, Sebastian
name: Rolff, Jens
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: antimicrobial resistance evolution
subject: drug resistance evolution
subject: evolution of antibiotic resistance
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie

description: Globally, antimicrobials are a main pillar of medical, veterinary, and agriculture interventions [1,2]. In all cases, resistance of microbes against antimicrobials is prevalent. The problem is exacerbated by the drying up of the antibiotic pipeline, as economic incentives to develop new drugs are very limited. In antifungals, the range of available compounds is also low with only 4 main classes of drugs available to treat fungal infections in humans and 6 main classes used in agriculture, with 1 class, the azoles, used in both [1]. The problem of drug resistance evolution has been observed early on in the antibiotic era [3,4]. Ultimately, however, the introduction of each antimicrobial resulted in resistance evolution in target and nontarget microbes. In realization of this problem, some antibiotics such as daptomycin were even developed with avoiding resistance evolution in mind, yet it took only 2 years from the introduction of daptomycin until resistance was recorded [4]. But how fast is resistance evolving? Here, we want to discuss how fast resistance emerges after the introduction of antimicrobials. We base this on widely cited data in the literature for antibiotics ([4–7]; see also Fig 1A, based on [8]) and compared this to data on antifungal resistance [9,10]. Replotting the antibiotic data (Fig 1B), by displaying the time from introduction to resistance emergence over the year of introduction, suggests that the evolution of antibiotic resistance is accelerating over time. The same trend can be observed for antifungals (Fig 1C and 1D). In the following, we focus on (1) the quality of the underlying data and (2) possible explanations for this pattern of accelerating resistance.
Geometric properties of Kahan's method
Creators: name: Celledoni, Elena
name: McLachlan, Robert I
name: Owren, Brynjulf
name: Quispel, G R W
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 65L06, 37M15, 37J35

description: We show that Kahan's discretization of quadratic vector fields is equivalent to a Runge--Kutta method. When the vector field is Hamiltonian on either a symplectic vector space or a Poisson vector space with constant Poisson structure, the map determined by this discretization has a conserved modified Hamiltonian and an invariant measure, a combination previously unknown amongst Runge--Kutta methods applied to nonlinear vector fields. This produces large classes of integrable rational mappings in two and three dimensions, explaining some of the integrable cases that were previously known.
description: Revised version
Detection Limits and Near-Field Ground Motions of Fast and Slow Earthquakes
Creators: name: Kwiatek, Grzegorz
name: Ben-Zion, Yehuda
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: slow earthquakes
subject: ground motions
subject: earthquake detection
subject: source parameters
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::550 Geowissenschaften, Geologie::550 Geowissenschaften

description: We investigate theoretical limits to detection of fast and slow seismic events, and spatial variations of ground motion expected from M 6 earthquakes at short epicentral distances. The analyses are based on synthetic velocity seismograms calculated with the discrete wavenumber method assuming seismic velocities and attenuation properties of the crust in Southern California. The examined source properties include different magnitudes (M -1.0 to M 6.0), static stress drops (0.1-10 MPa), and slow and fast ruptures (0.1-0.9 of shear wave velocity). For the M 6 events we also consider variations in rise times producing crack- and pulse-type events and different rupture directivities. Slow events produce ground motion with considerably lower amplitude than corresponding regular fast earthquakes with the same magnitude, and hence are significantly more difficult to detect. The static stress drop and slip rise time also affect the maximum radiated seismic motion, and hence event detectability. Apart from geometrical factors, the saturation and depletion of seismic ground motion at short epicentral distances stem from radiation pattern, earthquake size (magnitude, stress drop), and rupture directivity. The rupture velocity, rise time, and directivity affect significantly the spatial pattern of the ground motions. The results can help optimizing detection of slow and fast small earthquakes and understand the spatial distribution of ground motion generated by large events.
Biomechanical stress provides a second hit in the establishment of BMP/TGFβ-related vascular disorders
Creators: name: Hiepen, Christian
name: Jatzlau, Jerome
name: Knaus, Petra
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: BMP
subject: TGF6
subject: PAH
subject: BMPR2
subject: Integrin
subject: LAP
subject: fibrillin
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie

description: Cardiovascular disorders are still the leading cause for mortality in the western world and challenge economies with steadily increasing healthcare costs. Understanding the precise molecular pathomechanisms behind and identifying players involved in the early onset of cardiovascular diseases remains crucial for the development of new therapeutic strategies. Taking advantage of CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing in human endothelial cells (ECs), we re-investigated the early molecular steps in a genetic vascular disorder termed pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) in our recent study (Hiepen C., Jatzlau J. et al.; PLOS Biol, 2019). Here, mutations in the Bone Morphogenetic Protein type II receptor (BMPR2) prime for the hereditary form (HPAH) with downregulated BMPR2 followed by a characteristic change in SMAD signaling, i.e. gain in both SMAD1/5 and SMAD2/3 responses. Remarkably these cells show increased susceptibility to signaling by TGFβ due to remodeling of the extracellular matrix (ECM) and increased biomechanics acting as a secondary stressor for ECs pathobiology. This clearly places BMPR2 not only as a BMP-signaling receptor, but also as a gatekeeper to protect ECs from excess TGFβ signaling.
Large vortex state in ferromagnetic disks
Creators: name: Metlov, Konstantin L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Magnetic vortices in soft ferromagnetic nano-disks have been extensively studied for at least several decades both for their fundamental (as a "live" macroscopic realization of a field theory model of an elementary particle) as well as applied value for high-speed high-density power-independent information storage. Here it is shown that there is another stable vortex state with large thickness-dependent core profile in nano-scale ferromagnetic disks of several exchange lengths in size. Its energy is computed numerically (in the framework of Magnetism@home distributed computing project) and its stability is studied analytically, which allows to plot it on magnetic phase diagram. In cylinders of certain geometries large vortices exist on par with classical ones, while being separated by an energy barrier, controllable by tuning the geometry and material of ferromagnetic disk. They can be an excellent candidate for magnetic information storage not only because the resulting disk sizes are among the smallest, able to support magnetic vortices, but also because it is the closest to the classical vortex state of all other known metastable states of magnetic nano-cylinder. It means that memory, based on switching between these two types of magnetic vortices, may, potentially, achieve the highest possible rate of switching.
description: 5 pages, 1 figure, slightly shortened version with no substantial changes
Using electromagnetic observations to aid gravitational-wave parameter estimation of compact binaries observed with LISA
Creators: name: Shah, Sweta
name: van der Sluys, Marc
name: Nelemans, Gijs
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a first-stage study of the effect of using knowledge from electromagnetic (EM) observations in the gravitational wave (GW) data analysis of Galactic binaries that are predicted to be observed by the new Laser Interferometer Space Antenna in the low-frequency range, $10^{-4} \mathrm{Hz}
description: 9 pages, 7 figures, accepted for publication by A&A Jul 23 v2: with references
Wind intensity affects fine root morphological traits with consequences for plant-soil feedback effects
Creators: name: Werger, Luise
name: Bergmann, Joana
name: Weber, Ewald
name: Heinze, Johannes
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Wind
subject: root traits
subject: root morphology
subject: specific root length
subject: plant-soil feedback
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::580 Pflanzen (Botanik)::580 Pflanzen (Botanik)

description: Wind influences the development, architecture and morphology of plant roots and may modify subsequent interactions between plants and soil (plant-soil feedbacks-PSFs). However, information on wind effects on fine root morphology is scarce and the extent to which wind changes plant-soil interactions remains unclear. Therefore, we investigated the effects of two wind intensity levels by manipulating surrounding vegetation height in a grassland PSF field experiment. We grew four common plant species (two grasses and two non-leguminous forbs) with soil biota either previously conditioned by these or other species and tested the effect of wind on root:shoot ratio, fine root morphological traits as well as the outcome for PSFs. Wind intensity did not affect biomass allocation (i.e. root:shoot ratio) in any species. However, fine-root morphology of all species changed under high wind intensity. High wind intensity increased specific root length and surface area and decreased root tissue density, especially in the two grasses. Similarly, the direction of PSFs changed under high wind intensity in all four species, but differences in biomass production on the different soils between high and low wind intensity were marginal and most pronounced when comparing grasses with forbs. Because soils did not differ in plant-available nor total nutrient content, the results suggest that wind-induced changes in root morphology have the potential to influence plant-soil interactions. Linking wind-induced changes in fine-root morphology to effects on PSF improves our understanding of plant-soil interactions under changing environmental conditions.
The Role of Osteocytes in Targeted Bone Remodeling: A Mathematical Model
Creators: name: Graham, Jason M.
name: Ayati, Bruce P.
name: Holstein, Sarah A.
name: Martin, James A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Tissues and Organs (q-bio.TO)
subject: Cell Behavior (q-bio.CB)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Until recently many studies of bone remodeling at the cellular level have focused on the behavior of mature osteoblasts and osteoclasts, and their respective precursor cells, with the role of osteocytes and bone lining cells left largely unexplored. This is particularly true with respect to the mathematical modeling of bone remodeling. However, there is increasing evidence that osteocytes play important roles in the cycle of targeted bone remodeling, in serving as a significant source of RANKL to support osteoclastogenesis, and in secreting the bone formation inhibitor sclerostin. Moreover, there is also increasing interest in sclerostin, an osteocyte-secreted bone formation inhibitor, and its role in regulating local response to changes in the bone microenvironment. Here we develop a cell population model of bone remodeling that includes the role of osteocytes, sclerostin, and allows for the possibility of RANKL expression by osteocyte cell populations. This model extends and complements many of the existing mathematical models for bone remodeling but can be used to explore aspects of the process of bone remodeling that were previously beyond the scope of prior modeling work. Through numerical simulations we demonstrate that our model can be used to theoretically explore many of the most recent experimental results for bone remodeling, and can be utilized to assess the effects of novel bone-targeting agents on the bone remodeling process.
Higgs Physics and Supersymmetry
Creators: name: Nath, Pran
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A brief overview of Higgs physics and of supersymmetry is given. The central theme of the overview is to explore the implications of the recent discovery of a Higgs like particle regarding the prospects for the discovery of supersymmetry assuming that it is indeed the spin 0 CP even boson that enters in the spontaneous breaking of the electroweak symmetry. The high mass of the Higgs like boson at $\sim 125$ GeV points to the weak scale of supersymmetry that enters in the loop correction to the Higgs boson mass, to be relatively high, i.e., in the TeV region. However, since more than one independent mass scales enter in softly broken supersymmetry, the allowed parameter space of supersymmetric models can allow a small Higgs mixing parameter $μ$ and light gaugino masses consistent with a $\sim 125$ GeV Higgs boson mass. Additionally some light third generation sfermions, i.e., the stop and the stau are also permissible. Profile likelihood analysis of a class of SUGRA models indicates that $m_A> 300$ GeV which implies one is in the decoupling phase and the Higgs couplings are close to the standard model in this limit. Thus a sensitive measurement of the Higgs couplings with fermions and with the vector bosons is needed to detect beyond the standard model effects. Other topics discussed include dark matter, proton stability, and the Stueckelberg extended models as probes of new physics. A brief discussion of the way forward in the post Higgs discovery era is given.
description: 17 pages, 8 figures
Das Rheinische Landesmuseum Bonn / Rheinisches Amt für Bodendenkmalpflege. Ausgrabungen und Funde 1984
Creators: name: Beyer, Brigitte
name: Gechter, Michael
name: Joachim, Hans-Eckart
name: Kunow, Jürgen
Publisher: name: Bonner Jahrbücher
Year: 2019

description: -
description: Bonner Jahrbücher, Bd. 186.1986: Bonner Jahrbücher
title: L'eau et les matériaux de construction
Creators: name: Latta, J. K.
Publisher: name: Conseil national de recherches du Canada. Division des recherches en construction
Year: 1964
Subjects: subject: roofing
subject: couvertures
subject: building materials
subject: matériau de construction
subject: moisture content
subject: degré hygrométrique
subject: expansion contraction
subject: dilatation contraction
subject: corrosion
subject: mold (decay)
subject: moisissure
subject: wood (materials)
subject: bois (matériau)
subject: blistering
subject: cloquage
subject: roofs
subject: toiture
subject: efflorescence
subject: freezing
subject: congélation (physique)

description: On ne peut pas sous-estimer les effets nuisibles de l'eau sur les matériaux de construction. Le but du présent Digeste est de donner un apercu des mécanismes destructeurs de l'eau et de passer rapidement en revue certains des phénomènes impliqués.
Jörg-Peter Niemeier, Kopien und Nachahmungen im Hellenismus
Creators: name: Linfert, Andreas
Publisher: name: Bonner Jahrbücher
Year: 2019

description: Rezension zu: Jörg-Peter Niemeier, Kopien und Nachahmungen im Hellenismus. Ein Beitrag zum Klassizismus des 2. und frühen 1. Jahrhunderts v. Chr. Habelts Dissertationsdrucke, Reihe Klassische Archäologie 20. Dr. Rudolf Habelt GmbH, Bonn 1985. 246 Seiten, 28 Abbildungen
description: Bonner Jahrbücher, Bd. 186.1986: Bonner Jahrbücher
title: Water and building materials
Creators: name: Latta, J. K.
Publisher: name: National Research Council of Canada. Division of Building Research
Year: 1962
Subjects: subject: Hygrothermal properties
valueUri: urn:ircsubjects:IRC0760
subject: Propriétés hygrothermiques
valueUri: urn:ircsubjects:IRC0760
subject: roofing
subject: couvertures
subject: building materials
subject: matériau de construction
subject: moisture content
subject: degré hygrométrique
subject: expansion contraction
subject: dilatation contraction
subject: corrosion
subject: mold (decay)
subject: moisissure
subject: wood (materials)
subject: bois (matériau)
subject: blistering
subject: cloquage
subject: roofs
subject: toiture
subject: efflorescence
subject: freezing
subject: congélation (physique)

description: The harmful effects of water on building materials can hardly be over-emphasized. This Digest is intended to draw attention to these destructive mechanisms and to give a brief account of some of the phenomena involved.
ORF6 and ORF61 Expressing MVA Vaccines Impair Early but Not Late Latency in Murine Gammaherpesvirus MHV-68 Infection
Creators: name: Samreen, Baila
name: Tao, Sha
name: Tischer, Karsten
name: Adler, Heiko
name: Drexler, Ingo
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: vaccinia virus
subject: MVA
subject: T cell response
subject: viral vector vaccine
subject: MHV-68
subject: gammaherpesvirus
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie

description: Gammaherpesviruses (gamma HV) are important pathogens causing persistent infections which lead to several malignancies in immunocompromised patients. Murine gamma HV 68 (MHV-68), a homolog to human EBV and KSHV, has been employed as a classical pathogen to investigate the molecular pathogenicity of gamma HV infections. gamma HV express distinct antigens during lytic or latent infection and antigen-specific T cells have a significant role in controlling the acute and latent viral infection, although the quality of anti-viral T cell responses required for protective immunity is not well-understood. We have generated recombinant modified vaccinia virus Ankara (recMVA) vaccines via MVA-BAC homologous recombination technology expressing MHV-68 ORF6 and ORF61 antigens encoding both MHC class I and II-restricted epitopes. After vaccination, we examined T cell responses before and after MHV-68 infection to determine their involvement in latent virus control. We show recognition of recMVA- and MHV-68-infected APC by ORF6 and ORF61 epitope-specific T cell lines in vitro. The recMVA vaccines efficiently induced MHV-68-specific CD8+ and CD4+ T cell responses after a single immunization and more pronounced after homologous prime/boost vaccination in mice. Moreover, we exhibit protective capacity of prophylactic recMVA vaccination during early latency at day 17 after intranasal challenge with MHV-68, but failed to protect from latency at day 45. Further T cell analysis indicated that T cell exhaustion was not responsible for the lack of protection by recMVA vaccination in long-termlatency at day 45. The data support further efforts aiming at improved vaccine development against gamma HV infections with special focus on targeting protective CD4+ T cell responses.
Flame fronts in Supernovae Ia and their pulsational stability
Creators: name: Glazyrin, S. I.
name: Blinnikov, S. I.
name: Dolgov, A. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The structure of the deflagration burning front in type Ia supernovae is considered. The parameters of the flame are obtained: its normal velocity and thickness. The results are in good agreement with the previous works of different authors. The problem of pulsation instability of the flame, subject to plane perturbations, is studied. First, with the artificial system with switched-off hydrodynamics the possibility of secondary reactions to stabilize the front is shown. Second, with account of hydrodynamics, realistic EOS and thermal conduction we can obtain pulsations when Zeldovich number was artificially increased. The critical Zeldovich numbers are presented. These results show the stability of the flame in type Ia supernovae against pulsations because its effective Zeldovich number is small.
description: 12 pages, 11 figures
Alexander Demandt, Der Fall Roms. Die Auflösung des Römischen Reiches im Urteil der Nachwelt
Creators: name: Wirth, Gerhard
Publisher: name: Bonner Jahrbücher
Year: 2019

description: Rezension zu: Alexander Demandt, Der Fall Roms. Die Auflösung des Römischen Reiches im Urteil der Nachwelt. C. H. Beck Verlag, München 1984. 694 Seiten
description: Bonner Jahrbücher, Bd. 186.1986: Bonner Jahrbücher
On de-Sitter geometry in crater statistics
Creators: name: Gibbons, Gary W.
name: Werner, Marcus C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The cumulative size-frequency distributions of impact craters on planetary bodies in the solar system appear to approximate a universal inverse square power-law for small crater radii. In this article, we show how this distribution can be understood easily in terms of geometrical statistics, using a de-Sitter geometry of the configuration space of circles on the Euclidean plane and on the unit sphere. The effect of crater overlap is also considered.
description: 6 pages, 2 figures, accepted by MNRAS. Version 2: title modified, appendix added, some small changes
Copper-based metalwork in Roman to early Islamic Jerash (Jordan): Insights into production and recycling through alloy compositions and lead isotopes
Creators: name: Orfanou, Vana
name: Birch, Thomas
name: Lichtenberger, Achim
name: Raja, Rubina
name: Barfod, Gry H.
name: Lesher, Charles E.
name: Eger, Christoph
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Roman
subject: Byzantine
subject: Early Islamic
subject: Jordan
subject: Copper-based metallurgy
subject: Elemental analyses
subject: Lead isotope analyses
subject: 900 Geschichte und Geografie::950 Geschichte Asiens::956 Geschichte des Nahen Ostens (Mittleren Ostens)

description: Metallographic, chemical and lead isotopic analyses of copper-based artefacts recovered from the Northwest Quarter in Jerash (ancient Gerasa) in Jordan provide new information on the civic life and material culture from a key urban site in the Roman Empire's eastern provinces. The samples span the city's occupation from its flourishing under Roman rule into the Byzantine and early Islamic periods. We examined 49 copper-based artefacts using reflected light microscopy and micro-X-ray fluorescence. A subset of these artefacts was analysed by electron microprobe spectroscopy for major and minor elements at higher spatial resolution, and by multi-collector inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry for lead isotopes. Results imply that binary bronze dominated the Roman period, (leaded) brass characterised the Byzantine period, while tin-containing alloys were prevalent during the Islamic period. Lead isotopes suggest that during the Roman and Byzantine periods some of the metal in Jerash came from European and/or Mediterranean sources, while copper used during the Islamic period may have been sourced more locally from Timna. The changes in alloy types and lead isotopes suggest that recycling of metals took place in Jerash possibly as early as the Roman period and more frequent from the Byzantine period onwards.
Bosonic field theory of tunable edge magnetism in graphene
Creators: name: Schmidt, Manuel J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A bosonic field theory is derived for the tunable edge magnetism at graphene zigzag edges. The derivation starts from an effective fermionic theory for the interacting graphene edge states, derived previously from a two-dimensional interacting tight-binding model for graphene. The essential feature of this effective model, which gives rise to the weak edge magnetism, is the momentum-dependent non-local electron-electron interaction. It is shown that this momentum-dependence may be treated by an extension of the bosonization technique, and leads to interactions of the bosonic fields. These interactions are reminiscent of a ϕ^4 field theory. Focussing onto the regime close to the quantum phase transition between the ferromagnetic and the paramagnetic Luttinger liquid, a semiclassical interpretation of the interacting bosonic theory is given. Furthermore, it is argued that the universal critical behavior at the quantum phase transition between the paramagnetic and the ferromagnetic Luttinger liquid is governed by a small number of terms in this theory, which are accessible by quantum Monte-Carlo methods.
Malcolm Todd (Hrsg.), Studies in the Romano-British Villa
Creators: name: Metzler, Jeannot
Publisher: name: Bonner Jahrbücher
Year: 2019

description: Rezension zu: Malcolm Todd (Hrsg.), Studies in the Romano-British Villa. Leicester University Press, Leicester 1978. 244 Seiten und zahlreiche Abbildungen.
description: Bonner Jahrbücher, Bd. 186.1986: Bonner Jahrbücher
Frequency‐Dependent Moment Tensors of Induced Microearthquakes
Creators: name: Yu, Changpeng
name: Vavryčuk, Václav
name: Adamová, Petra
name: Bohnhoff, Marco
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: induced seismicity
subject: moment tensor
subject: Geysers
subject: geothermal
subject: tensile rupture
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::550 Geowissenschaften, Geologie::550 Geowissenschaften

description: Analysis of 984 induced microearthquakes from The Geysers geothermal reservoir in California reveals that the retrieved moment tensors depend on the frequency band of the inverted waveforms. The observed dependence is more significant for the percentages of the double‐couple, compensated linear vector dipole, and isotropic (ISO) components than for the focal mechanisms. The average root‐mean‐square of the moment tensors obtained in different frequency bands is correlated with spectra of ambient noise. The percentages of double‐couple and ISO components tend to decrease and increase with the upper cutoff frequency (fu), respectively. This suggests that shear rupture radiates energy preferentially in a lower frequency band and tensile rupture in a higher frequency band. Events displaying a strong increase of the ISO with fu are confined within the same depth interval as the injection points. This might be related to the strong thermoelastic effects in the vicinity of injection points that promote opening of small cracks adjacent to the main fractures.
Right-handed sneutrino-antisneutrino oscillations in a TeV scale Supersymmetric B-L model
Creators: name: Elsayed, A.
name: Khalil, S.
name: Moretti, S.
name: Moursy, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore right-handed sneutrino-antisneutrino mixing in a TeV scale B-L extension of the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model (MSSM), (B-L)SSM, where a type I seesaw mechanism of light neutrino mass generation is naturally implemented. The constraints imposed on the mass splitting between heavy right-handed sneutrino and the corresponding antisneutrino by the experimental limits set on the light neutrino masses are investigated. We also study direct pair production of such right-handed sneutrinos at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) and its decay modes, emphasising that their decay into same-sign di-lepton pairs are salient features for probing these particles at the CERN machine. Finally, the charge asymmetry present in such same-sign di-lepton signals is also analysed and confirms itself as a further useful handle to extract information about the oscillation dynamics.
description: 12 pages, 5 figures
A novel way of constraining WIMPs annihilations in the Sun: MeV neutrinos
Creators: name: Bernal, Nicolas
name: Martin-Albo, Justo
name: Palomares-Ruiz, Sergio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Annihilation of dark matter particles accumulated in the Sun would produce a flux of high-energy neutrinos whose prospects of detection in neutrino telescopes and detectors have been extensively discussed in the literature. However, for annihilations into Standard Model particles, there would also be a flux of neutrinos in the MeV range from the decays at rest of muons and positively charged pions. These low-energy neutrinos have never been considered before and they open the possibility to also constrain dark matter annihilation in the Sun into e+e-, mu+mu- or light quarks. Here we perform a detailed analysis using the recent Super-Kamiokande data in the few tens of MeV range to set limits on the WIMP-nucleon scattering cross section for different annihilation channels and computing the evaporation rate of WIMPs from the Sun for all values of the scattering cross section in a consistent way.
description: 26 pages, 7 figures. Substantial additions with further explanations. Two significant improvements: in the calculation of the evaporation and capture rates; and in the analysis of the SK data. Minor changes in the conclusions. It matches published version
Topological transition of Dirac points in a microwave experiment
Creators: name: Bellec, Matthieu
name: Kuhl, Ulrich
name: Montambaux, Gilles
name: Mortessagne, Fabrice
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: By means of a microwave tight-binding analogue experiment of a graphene-like lattice, we observe a topological transition between a phase with a point-like band gap characteristic of massless Dirac fermions and a gapped phase. By applying a controlled anisotropy on the structure, we investigate the transition directly via density of states measurements. The wave function associated with each eigenvalue is mapped and reveals new states at the Dirac point, localized on the armchair edges. We find that with increasing anisotropy, these new states are more and more localized at the edges.
description: Physical Review Letters (2013) XXX
The sobering sting: A novel cone snail venom-derived antagonist of cannabinoid receptors counteracts learning and memory deficits - SI File
Creators: name: Carrazoni, Guilherme
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 319999
subject: Other biological sciences not elsewhere classified
classificationCode: 320801
subject: Cell physiology
classificationCode: 520202
subject: Behavioural neuroscience

description: This item is supplemental material for the article entitled "The sobering sting: A novel cone snail venom-derived antagonist of cannabinoid receptors counteracts learning and memory deficits".
Dimensional Reduction and Odd-Frequency Pairing of the Checkerboard-Lattice Hubbard Model at 1/4-Filling
Creators: name: Yanagi, Yuki
name: Yamashita, Yasufumi
name: Ueda, Kazuo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The ferromagnetism of the checkerboard lattice Hubbard model at quarter filling is one of the few exact ferromagnetic ground states known in the family of Hubbard models. When the nearest neighbor hopping, t1, is negligible compared with the second neighbor one, t2, the system reduces to a collection of Hubbard chains. We find that the 1D character is surprisingly robust as long as t1 < t2. This phenomenon of dimensional reduction due to the geometrical frustration leads to peculiar magnetic orders with 1D character for intermediate U and is responsible for odd-frequency superconducting states close to the magnetic boundary.
description: 4 pages, 5 figures
Sentiment Analysis for Words and Fiction Characters From the Perspective of Computational (Neuro-)Poetics
Creators: name: Jacobs, Arthur M.
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: sentiment analysis
subject: computational poetics
subject: emotional figure profile
subject: hybrid hero potential
subject: machine learning
subject: digital humanities
subject: neuroaesthetics
subject: literary reading
subject: 100 Philosophie und Psychologie::150 Psychologie::158 Angewandte Psychologie

description: Two computational studies provide different sentiment analyses for text segments (e.g., “fearful” passages) and figures (e.g., “Voldemort”) from the Harry Potter books (Rowling, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000, 2003, 2005, 2007) based on a novel simple tool called SentiArt. The tool uses vector space models together with theory-guided, empirically validated label lists to compute the valence of each word in a text by locating its position in a 2d emotion potential space spanned by the words of the vector space model. After testing the tool's accuracy with empirical data from a neurocognitive poetics study, it was applied to compute emotional figure and personality profiles (inspired by the so-called “big five” personality theory) for main characters from the book series. The results of comparative analyses using different machine-learning classifiers (e.g., AdaBoost, Neural Net) show that SentiArt performs very well in predicting the emotion potential of text passages. It also produces plausible predictions regarding the emotional and personality profile of fiction characters which are correctly identified on the basis of eight character features, and it achieves a good cross-validation accuracy in classifying 100 figures into “good” vs. “bad” ones. The results are discussed with regard to potential applications of SentiArt in digital literary, applied reading and neurocognitive poetics studies such as the quantification of the hybrid hero potential of figures.
Artificial intelligence-based gene expression programming (GEP) model for assessing sprayed seal performance
Creators: name: Tamanna, Afifa
name: Shamsaei, Ezzatollah
name: Urquhart, Robert
name: Nguyen, Hoan D.
name: Sagoe-Crentsil, Kwesi
name: Duan, Wenhui
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: classificationCode: 59999
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
classificationCode: 69999
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: This research predicts residual solvent (α), which is a key component of the performance assessment for a sprayed/chip seal. In this study, conventional equations for α were assessed that showed prediction inefficiency (R2 value as low as 0.82) under different experimental conditions. Accordingly, gene expression programming (GEP), an emerging branch in artificial intelligence, was utilised to resolve these difficulties by developing empirical models for α. The data required for model development was obtained from extensive laboratory tests conducted on bitumen-solvent binder films in this research. Model evaluation results showed an excellent degree of correspondence between predictions and experimental results (R2 = 0.94). This is the first study to model a key component of sprayed seal performance using GEP. The model is recommended for pre-design purposes or as a tool to determine residual solvent in a sprayed seal when laboratory testing is not feasible, thereby saving time and expenditure.
Identification of b-quark jets with the CMS experiment
Creators: name: CMS Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: At the Large Hadron Collider, the identification of jets originating from b quarks is important for searches for new physics and for measurements of standard model processes. A variety of algorithms has been developed by CMS to select b-quark jets based on variables such as the impact parameters of charged-particle tracks, the properties of reconstructed decay vertices, and the presence or absence of a lepton, or combinations thereof. The performance of these algorithms has been measured using data from proton-proton collisions at the LHC and compared with expectations based on simulation. The data used in this study were recorded in 2011 at sqrt(s) = 7 TeV for a total integrated luminosity of 5.0 inverse femtobarns. The efficiency for tagging b-quark jets has been measured in events from multijet and t-quark pair production. CMS has achieved a b-jet tagging efficiency of 85% for a light-parton misidentification probability of 10% in multijet events. For analyses requiring higher purity, a misidentification probability of only 1.5% has been achieved, for a 70% b-jet tagging efficiency.
description: Replaced with published version. Added journal reference and DOI