cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The Marine Knowledge Exchange Network: Insights from an Innovative Regional-to-National Scale Academic-Led Knowledge-to-Impact Network and Recommendations for Future Initiatives
Creators: name: M.T. Johnson
name: L.J. Johnson
name: G.A. Bayliss-Brown
name: V. Danino
name: S. Day
name: I. Dunnett
name: J. Forster
name: I. Lorenzoni
name: K. Kennedy
name: G. Malin
name: K. Moore
name: P. Moore Fuller
name: M. Walton
name: T.J. Tolhurst
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: Plant Biology

description: This article provides an overview of the approach taken by the Marine Knowledge Exchange Network (M-KEN) and an assessment of its activities in valorizing and generating impact from research. M-KEN was formed in 2014 in response to a call for projects to accelerate impact generated from environmental research in the United Kingdom (UK). M-KEN was university-led and focused in the eastern region of the UK but its approach to fostering impact has had international reach. Over the course of its first five years, M-KEN has leveraged substantial additional funding; spawned numerous spin-off projects; influenced policy and practice; and supported a range of marine research projects in the delivery of their research to stakeholders. This article demonstrates that the reach of M-KEN has been international and has led to substantial ripples of activity radiating out from the core activity of the network. We reflect on the strengths and weaknesses of the approach taken by M-KEN in the context of key research questions around Knowledge Exchange. Finally, we propose recommendations for endeavors from regional to global scale that wish to develop impact from a portfolio of research.
MULTIPLE JOB-HOLDING AMONG U.S. FARM WOMEN: OFF-FARM WORK AND ON-FARM DECISION-MAKING USING A BARGAINING APPROACH
Creators: name: Findeis, Jill L.
name: Swaminathan, Hema
name: Findeis, Jill L.
name: Swaminathan, Hema
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Labor and Human Capital
subject: bargaining models
subject: multiple job-holding
subject: decision-making
subject: intergenerational transfer
subject: farm women
subject: off-farm employment
subject: employment
subject: labor

description: Participation rates for farm women in off-farm labor markets continue to increase, as does their participation in making major farm decisions such as whether to buy or sell land, adopt a new production practice or invest in farm equipment. Data from the Survey of U.S. Farm Women conducted in 2001 by Penn State in collaboration with researchers at the Economic Research Service and in collaboration with NASS are used to examine the multiple work roles of farm women off the farm and in farming. Descriptive statistics for the results of the 2001 survey are compared to those from the last major survey of U.S. farm women conducted by Rosenfeld in 1980. Then, using data limited to farm couples, models of job choice considering jointness in participation are estimated and tested under conditions of presence or absence of children, followed by estimation of models of on-farm decision-making using a household bargaining approach. Of particular interest is the effect of the >path= of intergenerational farm transfer (i.e., if inherited or purchased through her family or through her spouse=s/partner=s family) on job choice and farm decision-making. Results show that the work decisions of farm couples are correlated, both when children are present and when they are not. Further, the >path= of farm transfer influences the choices that women make. The transferof the farm through her family has in some cases a positive influence on her choices, both in terms of her involvement on the farm and her participation in farm decisions. Farm transfer through the husband=s/partner=s family generally has strong negative influences on her participation in farm decision-making. Keywords: bargaining models, multiple job-holding, decision-making, intergenerational transfer, farm women, off-farm employment, employment, labor
Matrix Elements and Few-Body Calculations within the Unitary Correlation Operator Method
Creators: name: Roth, R.
name: Hergert, H.
name: Papakonstantinou, P.
name: Neff, T.
name: Feldmeier, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We employ the Unitary Correlation Operator Method (UCOM) to construct correlated, low-momentum matrix elements of realistic nucleon-nucleon interactions. The dominant short-range central and tensor correlations induced by the interaction are included explicitly by an unitary transformation. Using correlated momentum-space matrix elements of the Argonne V18 potential, we show that the unitary transformation eliminates the strong off-diagonal contributions caused by the short-range repulsion and the tensor interaction, and leaves a correlated interaction dominated by low-momentum contributions. We use correlated harmonic oscillator matrix elements as input for no-core shell model calculations for few-nucleon systems. Compared to the bare interaction, the convergence properties are dramatically improved. The bulk of the binding energy can already be obtained in very small model spaces or even with a single Slater determinant. Residual long-range correlations, not treated explicitly by the unitary transformation, can easily be described in model spaces of moderate size allowing for fast convergence. By varying the range of the tensor correlator we are able to map out the Tjon line and can in turn constrain the optimal correlator ranges.
description: 16 pages, 9 figures, using REVTEX4
AAEA Post Conference Workshop on Simulation for Risk Analysis
Creators: name: Richardson, James W.
name: Gray, Allan W.
name: Richardson, James W.
name: Gray, Allan W.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: Risk and Uncertainty

description: The attached file contains the original proposal for the post conference workshop, the agenda used at the conference, the overheads used to present the topic, and a summary of the evaluations. The workshop introduced participants to risk analysis using Excel and Simetar a simulation/econometrics package for developing and applying simulation models for risk analysis. Simetar was developed at Texas A&M and is used to teach two simulation courses at the graduate level.
The Spitzer Space Telescope First-Look Survey: Neutral Hydrogen Emission
Creators: name: Lockman, Felix J.
name: Condon, J. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Spitzer Space Telescope (formerly SIRTF) extragalactic First-Look Survey covered about 5 square degrees centered on J2000 17:18 +59:30 in order to characterize the infrared sky with high sensitivity. We used the 100-m Green Bank Telescope to image the 21cm Galactic HI emission over a 3x3 degree field covering this position with an effective angular resolution of 9.8 arcmin and a velocity resolution of 0.62 km/s. In the central square degree of the image the average column density is N(HI) = 2.5 x 10^{20} cm-2 with an rms fluctuation of 0.3 x 10^{20}. The Galactic HI in this region has a very interesting structure. There is a high-velocity cloud, several intermediate-velocity clouds (one of which is probably part of the Draco nebula), and narrow-line low velocity filaments. The HI emission shows a strong and detailed correlation with dust. Except for the high-velocity cloud, all features in the HI map have counterparts in an E(B-V) map derived from infrared data. Relatively high E(B-V)/N(HI) ratios in some directions suggest the presence of molecular gas. The best diagnostic of such regions is the peak HI line brightness temperature, not the total N(HI): directions where Tb > 12 K have E(B-V)/N(HI) significantly above the average value. The data corrected for stray radiation have been released via the Web.
description: Accepted for publication in the Astronomical Journal, April 2005. 25 pages includes 11 figures. The data and higher resolution figures are available from http::/www.cv.nrao.edu/fls_gbt
INDUCED INNOVATIONS AND FOREIGN WORKERS IN U.S. AGRICULTURE
Creators: name: Napasintuwong, Orachos
name: Emerson, Robert D.
name: Napasintuwong, Orachos
name: Emerson, Robert D.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: Labor and Human Capital

description: A cost function approach of induced innovation is used to measure the biases in U.S. agricultural technology between 1948-1994. The results show significant labor-saving, capital-using technical change. Focusing on the impact of migration policy on labor-saving technology, a simulation of different rates of labor-saving technical change is conducted. The simulation shows decreases in elasticity of labor demand and demand quantity, and an increase in wage rate as technology becomes more labor-saving.
Small sample improvement over Bayes prediction under model uncertainty
Creators: name: Wong, Hubert
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Existing criteria for evaluating the adequacy of a predictive model are model-based (e.g. AIC, BIC, MSPE) or empirical (e.g. PRESS and other cross-validation type criteria). We introduce a new class of "mongrel" criteria for on-line prediction that evaluates candidate predictors based on both model information and past empirical performance. Simulation results showed that the mongrel procedure produced more accurate predictions than the standard Bayes procedure for small sample sizes. This improvement was observed over a wide range of data-generators for the problem of variable selection in normal linear models.
INSTITUTIONAL FOUNDATION OF AGRICULTURAL PROTECTION: THE CASE OF EU-ACCESSION AND AGRICULTURAL POLICY IN EASTERN EUROPEAN COUNTRIES
Creators: name: Henning, Christian H.C.A.
name: Krause, Kim Carolin
name: Struve, Carsten
name: Henning, Christian H.C.A.
name: Krause, Kim Carolin
name: Struve, Carsten
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy

description: The literature on political economy analyses of agricultural protection mainly focus on the impact of economic and demographic structures on the level of agricultural protection (Tyers/Anderson 1992, Swinnen 1994, Rausser et al. 1974), although it is commonly accepted that beyond economic and demographic structures political institutions do have an impact on the political power of different interest groups and hence on agricultural policy output (Gardner 1987 as well as Binswanger et al. 1997). The impact of political institutions, e.g. the organization of legislature, election and party systems, on agricultural protection has hardly been taken into account explicitly in theoretical and empirical studies, yet. In this framework the paper investigates to what extent political institutions explain observed variances in the political power of the agrarian population in the ten Central and Eastern European Countries/Candidates (CEEC) applying for an accession of the EU. Moreover, it is analyzed to what extent EU-accession will be politically feasible given the specific political and economic framework conditions of the individual states. In particular, empirical analyses imply the following results: (i) the political power of the agrarian population varies significantly among the analyzed countries ranging from a relative low political weight of 0.115 of the agrarian population in Lativa up to an absolute political dominance of the agrarian population in Slovenia given a weight of 0.887. (ii) The political weights are significantly determined by political institutions. In particular, the more the election systems corresponds to a proportional representation and the more the parliamentary organization allows for a specialized representation of agrarian interests, e.g. bicameralism where a second chamber representing regional interests, and the more efficient the organization of agrarian interests, e.g. existence of a peasent party, the higher is the political weight of the agrarian population. (iii) Analyzing to what extent EU-accession is politically feasible in the CEEC-states we can show that, assuming national financing of EU-policy, EU-accession would be hardly politically feasible in any CEEC-countries. An exception might be seen in Slovenia. Thus political feasibility of EU-accession crucially depends on keeping the rule of financial solidarity. Moreover, assuming a comprehensive pre-accession CAP-reform will take place, possible options to achieve political feasibility in the CEEC-states under these conditions would be undertaking constitutional reforms. In particular, the implementation of electorate system corresponding closer to a proportional representation or the establishment of bicameralism would be, at least theoretically, possible options.
Entropically driven transition to a liquid-crystalline polymer globule
Creators: name: Nowak, Christian
name: Rostiashvili, Vakhtang G.
name: Vilgis, Thomas A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A self-consistent-field theory (SCFT) in the grand canonical ensemble formulation is used to study transitions in a helix-coil multiblock copolymer globule. The helices are modeled as stiff rods. In addition to the established coil-globule transition we show for the first time that, even without explicit rod-rod alignment interaction, the system undergoes a transition to a nematic liquid-crystalline (LC) globular state. The LC-globule formation is driven by the hydrophobic helical segment attraction and the anisotropy of the globule surface energy. The full phase diagram of the copolymer was calculated. It discriminates between an open chain, amorphous globule and LC-globule. This model provides a relatively simple example of the interplay between secondary and tertiary structures in homopolypeptides. Moreover, it gives a simple explanation for the formation of helix bundles in certain globular proteins.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures, submitted to Europhys. Lett
EVALUATING THE COST EFFECTIVENESS OF LAND RETIREMENT PROGRAMS
Creators: name: Khanna, Madhu
name: Yang, Wanhong
name: Farnsworth, Richard L.
name: Onal, Hayri
name: Khanna, Madhu
name: Yang, Wanhong
name: Farnsworth, Richard L.
name: Onal, Hayri
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: Land Economics/Use

description: This paper extends an integrated framework that combines economic, environmental and GIS modeling to evaluate the cost effectiveness of land retirement programs. The modeling framework is applied to the Lower Sangamon Watershed in Cass County of Illinois to examine the economic costs and environmental benefits of three land retirement scenarios: land actually enrolled in the Illinois CREP, land selected by a land rental cap mechanism and land identified by a least cost model. We find that land retirement in the watershed successfully achieved the program goal of 20% sediment abatement. However, in achieving the same level of sediment abatement, the costs of actual land retirement are 1.3 times and 2.1 times of those in a land rental cap mechanism and a least cost model respectively. The model results also reveal that cost effective land retirement parcels are more sloping, close to river, with higher upland sediment inflow, more on-site erosion and lower quasi-rents. The results indicate that governments may improve the cost effectiveness of land retirement program through targeting. And there is a need to modify current Illinois CREP eligibility criteria to include sloping cropland adjacent to the river in the program. Furthermore our results suggest that in the program implementation land retirement contracts could be selected based on several measurable parameters such as distance from the river and slope.
Updates in local supersymmmetry and its spontaneous breaking
Creators: name: Dall'Agata, Gianguido
name: Ferrara, Sergio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We give a basic review of some recent developments in local supersymmetry breaking in 4-dimensional effective theories coming from compactifications of string and M-theory in the presence of non-trivial form and geometrical fluxes.
description: Contribution to the Proceedings of the 43rd Erice International School of Subnuclear Physics 2005
OPTIONAL UNIT POLICY IN CROP INSURANCE
Creators: name: Shaik, Saleem
name: Atwood, Joseph A.
name: Shaik, Saleem
name: Atwood, Joseph A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Risk and Uncertainty
subject: Adverse Selection
subject: Moral Hazard
subject: Optional Unit Policy
subject: Crop Insurance
subject: U.S. Cotton
subject: Logit and Tobit models.

description: Utilizing ordered logit we examine the presence of two kinds of asymmetric information-adverse selection (intertemporal variability) and moral hazard (interspatial and/or residual variability) as revealed by the choice of optional units in Federal crop insurance utilizing Risk Management Agency's 1996-2000 cotton yield and loss data files. Further, a tobit model is estimated to examine the factors explaining the loss cost ratio from Risk Management Agency perspective. Potential costs of adverse selection and/or moral hazard in optional unit provision are estimated to be as high as $180 million in US cotton over the 1996-2000 period. Keywords: Adverse Selection, Moral Hazard, Optional Unit Policy, Crop Insurance, U.S. Cotton, Logit and Tobit models.
An OVI Baryon Census of the Low-z Warm-Hot Intergalactic Medium
Creators: name: Danforth, Charles W.
name: Shull, J. Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Intergalactic absorbers along lines of sight to distant quasars are a powerful diagnostic for the evolution and content of the intergalactic medium (IGM). In this study, we use the FUSE satellite to search 129 known lya absorption systems at z<0.15 toward 31 AGN for corresponding absorption from higher Lyman lines and the important metal ions OVI. We detect OVI in 40 systems over a smaller range of column density than seen in HI. The co-existence of OVI and HI suggests a multiphase IGM, with warm photoionized and hot ionized components. With improved OVI detection statistics, we find a steep distribution in OVI column density, dN(OVI)/dN_OVI N_OVI^(-2.2+-0.1), suggesting that numerous weak OVI absorbers contain baryonic mass comparable to the rare strong absorbers. The total cosmological mass fraction in this hot gas is at least Omega_WHIM=(0.0022+-0.0003. Gas in the WHIM at 10^5-6 K contributes at least 4.8+-0.9% of the total baryonic mass at z<0.15. We then combine empirical scaling relations for the observed "multiphase ratio", N_HI/N_OVI N_HI^(0.9+-0.1), and for hydrogen overdensity in cosmological simulations, N_HI delta_H^{0.7}, with the HI photoionization correction to derive the mean oxygen metallicity, Z_O (0.09 Z_sun)(f_OVI/0.2)^(-1) in the low-z multiphase gas. Given the spread in the empirical relations and in f_OVI, the baryon content in the OVI WHIM could be as large as 10%. Our survey is based on a large improvement in the number of OVI absorbers (40 vs. 10) and total redshift pathlength (dz 2.2 vs. dz 0.5) compared to earlier surveys.
description: 7 pages, 6 figures in emulateapj format Submitted to the Astrophysical Journal
Kernel method for clustering based on optimal target vector
Creators: name: Angelini, Leonardo
name: Marinazzo, Daniele
name: Pellicoro, Mario
name: Stramaglia, Sebastiano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: We introduce the notion of optimal target vector, and describe how it creates a link between supervised and unsupervised learning. We exploit this notion to construct Ising models, for dichotomic clustering, whose couplings are (i) both ferro- and anti-ferromagnetic (ii) depending on the whole data-set and not only on pairs of samples. The effectiveness of the method is shown in the case of the well known iris data-set and in benchmarks of gene expression levels.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures
On $κ$-Deformation and UV/IR Mixing
Creators: name: Grosse, Harald
name: Wohlgenannt, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine the UV/IR mixing property on a $κ$-deformed Euclidean space for a real scalar $ϕ^4$ theory. All contributions to the tadpole diagram are explicitly calculated. UV/IR mixing is present, though in a different dressing than in the case of the canonical deformation.
description: 15 pages; formula (2) corrected
Spatially extended nature of resistive switching in perovskite oxide thin films
Creators: name: Chen, Xin
name: Wu, NaiJuan
name: Strozier, John
name: Ignatiev, Alex
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the direct observation of the electric pulse induced resistance-change (EPIR) effect at the nano scale on La1-xSrxMnO3 (LSMO) thin films by the current measurement AFM technique. After a switching voltage of one polarity is applied across the sample by the AFM tip, the conductivity in a local nanometer region around the AFM tip is increased, and after a switching voltage of the opposite polarity is applied, the local conductivity is reduced. This reversible resistance switching effect is observed under both continuous and short pulse voltage switching conditions. It is important for future nanoscale non-volatile memory device applications.
description: 11 pages, 3 figures
ACHIEVING EFFICIENCY AND EQUITY IN IRRIGATION MANAGEMENT: AN OPTIMIZATION MODEL OF THE EL ANGEL WATERSHED, CARCHI, ECUADOR
Creators: name: Evans, Elizabeth M.
name: Lee, David R.
name: Boisvert, Richard N.
name: Evans, Elizabeth M.
name: Lee, David R.
name: Boisvert, Richard N.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: Mathematical programming
subject: water allocation
subject: efficiency
subject: equity

description: The objective of this paper is to address the problems of inefficiency and inequity in water allocation in the El Angel watershed, located in Ecuador's Sierra region. Water is captured in a high-altitude region of the watershed and distributed downstream to producers in four elevation-defined zones via a system of canals. Upstream and downstream producers face radically different conditions with respect to climate and terrain. A mathematical programming model was created to study the consequences of addressing chronic water scarcity problems in the watershed by shifting water resources between the four zones. The model captures the nature of water use by humans, crops and dual purpose cattle. Its objective function maximizes producer welfare as measured by aggregate gross margin, subject to limited supplies of land, labor and water. Five water allocation scenarios are evaluated with respect to efficiency in land and water use and equity in income distribution. Results reveal that although water is the primary constrained resource downstream, in the upstream zones, land is far more scarce. The current distribution of water rights does not consider these differences and therefore is neither efficient nor equitable. Improvements in efficiency (resource use) and equity (income distribution) are associated with (1) a shift of water to the lower zone, and (2) the use of lower levels of irrigation intensity upstream. Furthermore, the scenarios that result in the most efficient use of resources also bring the greatest degree of equity in income distribution, indicating that these may be complementary, not conflicting, goals.
Electromagnetic fields and directed flow in large and small colliding systems at ultrarelativistic energies
Creators: name: Oliva, Lucia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The hot and dense QCD matter produced in nuclear collisions at ultrarelativistic energy is characterized by very intense electromagnetic fields which attain their maximal strength in the early pre-equilibrium stage and interplay with the strong vorticity induced in the plasma by the large angular momentum of the colliding system. A promising observable keeping trace of these phenomena is the directed flow of light hadrons and heavy mesons produced in symmetric and asymmetric heavy-ion collisions as well as in proton-induced reactions. In particular, the splitting of the directed flow between particles with the same mass but opposite electric charge as a function of rapidity and transverse momentum gives access to the electromagnetic response of medium in all collision stages and in the different colliding systems. The highest influence of electromagnetic fields is envisaged in the pre-equilibrium stage of the collision and therefore a significant imprint is left on the early-produced heavy quarks. The aim of this review is to discuss the current developments towards the understanding of the generation and relaxation time of the electromagnetic fields embedded in both large and small systems and their impact on the charge-odd directed flow of light and heavy particles, highlighting the experimental results and the different theoretical approaches. Since it is possible to perform realistic simulations of high-energy collisions that incorporate also the generated electromagnetic fields and vorticity, the study of the directed flow can provide unique insight into the early nonequilibrium phase and the ensuing QGP formation and transport properties.
description: 15 pages, 8 figures
Methods of Handling and Delivering Orders Used by Some Leading Wholesale Grocers
Creators: name: Kriesberg, Martin
name: Kriesberg, Martin
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1952
Subjects: Industrial Organization
Labor and Human Capital
Production Economics
Research Methods/ Statistical Methods

description: Excerpt from the report Summary: Two factors have challenged traditional methods of food distribution in this country in the past few years—the advent of large-scale distributors in the food retailing market and the recent phenomenal growth of "super markets." Progressive independent retailers and the grocery wholesalers who serve them have been joining forces to meet this challenge and to find ways of operating more efficiently and effectively. Initial surveys of wholesaler-retailer relations have revealed ways in which many grocery wholesalers are increasing the efficiency of their own operations and making those of the retailers more effective. This report describes methods employed by some of the leading wholesale grocers to improve the efficiency and hold down the costs of operations connected with handling and delivering orders. No attempt has been made to determine which practices are the best or whether they can be improved.
UNDERSTANDING THE RURAL - URBAN DIGITAL DIVIDE
Creators: name: Whitacre, Brian E.
name: Mills, Bradford F.
name: Whitacre, Brian E.
name: Mills, Bradford F.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies

description: This paper explains the current "digital divide" in internet use between rural and urban areas using a Logit adoption model with data collected from the August 2000 Current Population Survey. A non-linear decomposition shows that rural - urban household attribute differences account for 66 percent of the digital divide, while place based differences account for the remaining 34 percent of the divide.
Diffusion in a weakly random Hamiltonian flow
Creators: name: Komorowski, T.
name: Ryzhik, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We consider the motion of a particle governed by a weakly random Hamiltonian flow. We identify temporal and spatial scales on which the particle trajectory converges to a spatial Brownian motion. The main technical issue in the proof is to obtain error estimates for the convergence of the solution of the stochastic acceleration problem to a momentum diffusion. We also apply our results to the system of random geometric acoustics equations and show that the energy density of the acoustic waves undergoes a spatial diffusion.
Realism and metaphysics in quantum mechanics
Creators: name: Arroyo, Raoni Wohnrath
name: Arenhart, Jonas R. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: History and Philosophy of Physics (physics.hist-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 81P05 (Primary)

description: According to scientific realism, science gives us an approximately true description of what the world is like. But what does it mean? In this chapter, we focus on the ontological and metaphysical aspects of this discussion. That is, we are concerned with the following questions: what there is, according to our best scientific theories? And how are these things that theories say exist? We start from the assumption that a genuine scientific realism must deal with these issues. Taking non-relativistic quantum mechanics as a case study, we discuss some of the challenges currently faced by a genuinely realistic stance. We argue, first, that in the ontological aspect, realists are in the same boat as science, that is, without sufficient epistemic justification to adopt the belief in the entities postulated by a single quantum theory, given that experience (currently) is not able to decide between rival theories; in the metaphysical aspect, realists also encounter problems with theory choice, given the possibility of associating more than one metaphysical theory with the description of the entities postulated by each quantum theory. The same goes for structuralist alternatives, since, even if we accept that scientific theories are committed to the existence of structures, but not objects, we still do not know what structures are, metaphysically. Finally, we move forward in the discussion with the meta-Popperian method, which serves to reduce the metaphysical alternatives associated with the ontological postulates of scientific theories. We may not know what the correct alternative is, but we have been able to progressively check which metaphysical alternatives are incompatible with each scientific theory.
description: 24 pages, in Portuguese. url: https://wp.ufpel.edu.br/nepfil/files/2020/12/pma_v2_sdf.pdf
PRODUCTIVITY GROWTH AND CATCHING-UP: IMPLICATIONS FOR CHINA'S TRADE IN LIVESTOCK PRODUCTS
Creators: name: Nin Pratt, Alejandro
name: Hertel, Thomas W.
name: Foster, Kenneth A.
name: Rae, Allan N.
name: Nin Pratt, Alejandro
name: Hertel, Thomas W.
name: Foster, Kenneth A.
name: Rae, Allan N.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2001
Subjects: International Relations/Trade

description: We develop projections of China's likely meat trade in the year 2010 using a general equilibrium model in conjunction with forecasts of productivity growth rates and macro-economic forecasts. Interestingly, macro-economic uncertainty appears to be more important in driving China's net trade position in meats than is sector-specific supply uncertainty.
Random walk attracted by percolation clusters
Creators: name: Popov, Serguei
name: Vachkovskaia, Marina
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60K37, 60J10

description: Starting with a percolation model in $\Z^d$ in the subcritical regime, we consider a random walk described as follows: the probability of transition from $x$ to $y$ is proportional to some function $f$ of the size of the cluster of $y$. This function is supposed to be increasing, so that the random walk is attracted by bigger clusters. For $f(t)=e^{βt}$ we prove that there is a phase transition in $β$, i.e., the random walk is subdiffusive for large $β$ and is diffusive for small $β$.
description: 13 pages
THRESHOLD EFFECTS IN FOOD AND AGRIBUSINESS STOCK PRICE MARKETS
Creators: name: Wilson, Christine A.
name: Featherstone, Allen M.
name: Kastens, Terry L.
name: Wilson, Christine A.
name: Featherstone, Allen M.
name: Kastens, Terry L.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This study investigates the dynamics of agribusiness stock returns and the market return for 22 firms in a switching-regression framework. Threshold levels and regression slopes are estimated and tested. Results indicate how parameters differ for alternative regimes, at what levels dynamic adjustments take place, and the adjustment time involved.
FEM analysis of various multilayer structures for CMOS compatible wearable acousto-optic devices
Creators: name: Hanif, Mehwish
name: Jeoti, Varun
name: Ahmad, Mohamad Radzi
name: Aslam, Muhammad Zubair
name: Qureshi, Saima
name: M. Stojanovic, Goran
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 91301 Acoustics and Noise Control (excl. Architectural Acoustics)
subject: FOS: Mechanical engineering

description: Lately, wearable applications featuring photonic on-chip sensors are on the rise. Among many ways of controlling and/or modulating, the acousto-optic technique is seen to be a popular technique. This paper undertakes the study of different multilayer structures that can be fabricated for realizing an acousto-optic device, the objective being to obtain a high acousto-optic figure of merit (AOFM). By varying the thicknesses of the layers of these materials, several properties are discussed. The study shows that the multilayer thin film structure-based devices can give a high value of electromechanical coupling coefficient (k2) and a high AOFM as compared to the bulk piezoelectric/optical materials. The study is conducted to find the optimal normalised thickness of the multilayer structures with a material possessing the best optical and piezoelectric properties for fabricating acousto-optic devices. Based on simulations and studies of SAW propagation characteristics such as the electromechanical coupling coefficient (k2) and phase velocity (v), the acousto-optic figure of merit is calculated. The maximum value of the acousto-optic figure of merit achieved is higher than the AOFM of all the individual materials used in these layer structures. The suggested SAW device has potential application in wearable and small footprint acousto-optic devices and gives better results than those made with bulk piezoelectric materials.
Figures and data for the article : "Modelling resistance welding of thermoplastic composites with a nanocomposite heating element"
Creators: name: Brassard, David
name: Dubé, Martine
name: Tavares, Jason R.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020

description: Figures and data for the article : "Modelling resistance welding of thermoplastic composites with a nanocomposite heating element" submitted to Journal of Composite Materials
Early Development of Milk Marketing Plans in the Kansas City, Missouri, Area
Creators: name: Harris, Edmond S.
name: Harris, Edmond S.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1952
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: Excerpts from the report Preface: This report is based on one of a series of studies of the operation of Federal milk marketing programs in different fluid milk markets of the country. Previous reports in the series dealt with milk marketing in Philadelphia, St. Louis, Duluth-Superior, and Minneapolis-St. Paul. Each report has emphasized some aspect of milk marketing that is characteristic of the respective market. The present report on the Kansas City, Mo., milk market covers the period from early 1930 to 1936. During those years the milk industry of Kansas City and the Federal Government, independently or together, were attempting to stabilize the milk-marketing process. The period comprised the formative years for Federal regulation of milk marketing. The marketing plans which were tried in Kansas City during the 1930 to 1936 period used various combinations of use classification, auditing, pooling, base-rating, and other fundamental and accessory devices employed in today's markets. A study of the experience in this market contributes to a better understanding of milk marketing devices and practices.
Essential self-adjointness of symmetric first-order differential systems and confinement of Dirac particles on bounded domains in $\mathbb{R}^d$
Creators: name: Nenciu, Gheorghe
name: Nenciu, Irina
name: Obermeyer, Ryan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We prove essential self-adjointness of Dirac operators with Lorentz scalar potentials which grow sufficiently fast near the boundary $\partialΩ$ of the spatial domain $Ω\subset\mathbb R^d$. On the way, we first consider general symmetric first order differential systems, for which we identify a new, large class of potentials, called scalar potentials, ensuring essential self-adjointness. Furthermore, using the supersymmetric structure of the Dirac operator in the two dimensional case, we prove confinement of Dirac particles, i.e. essential self-adjointness of the operator, solely by magnetic fields $\mathcal{B}$ assumed to grow, near $\partialΩ$, faster than $1/\big(2\text{dist} (x, \partialΩ)^2\big)$.
description: 40 pages, minor typos corrected and a new Comment 5 added to Section 7
REPUTATION AND STATE COMMODITY PROMOTION: THE CASE OF WASHINGTON APPLES
Creators: name: Quagrainie, Kwamena K.
name: McCluskey, Jill J.
name: Loureiro, Maria L.
name: Quagrainie, Kwamena K.
name: McCluskey, Jill J.
name: Loureiro, Maria L.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: A dynamic multiple-indicator multiple-cause (MIMIC) framework was used to estimate the latent variable reputation with price premiums for Washington apples and attributes that covered the period July 1996 to November 1999. A maximum likelihood two-stage approach was employed. For comparison purposes, a hedonic regression was also estimated. Results from the first stage of the estimation procedure in the MIMIC reputation model suggest that price premiums are good indicators of reputation. The indicator coefficients, also called factor loadings, imply that the estimated reputation variable is common to the five indicators chosen and that the measurement of reputation is not likely to be obscured by a wide diversity in the indicators. The common factor issue suggests a possible existence of collective 'Washington' reputation. Results from the second stage of the MIMIC reputation model are compared to those from the Hedonic proxy model. In general, results from the MIMIC reputation model make more intuitive sense and are in line with the theoretical literature on reputation than the results from the Hedonic proxy model. Reputation is found to be stationary and that shocks to Washington's reputation are temporary. In the MIMIC reputation model, all the estimated coefficients on the explanatory cause variables had positive signs, except the Red Delicious variety variable. The magnitude of the coefficient on the logo term is large, suggesting a strong impact on reputation. The estimated constant term in the MIMIC reputation model is negative and relatively large, which suggests that reputation is declining. The concerns of declining perceived "eating" quality in Washington varieties thus appear to be real. It appears then that the apple industry is currently benefiting from past/accrued reputation. The current standards in the apple industry give room for some Washington producers to free ride on the collective reputation. Hence, there may be some justification for minimum quality standards. For efficient public policy purposes, our findings suggest that policymakers and the apple industry as a whole should consider reputation in their cost-benefit analysis for purposes of resource allocation.
An Analysis of Some Methods of Loading Out Delivery Trucks of Produce Wholesalers
Creators: name: Herrick, Joseph F.
name: Burt, Stanley W.
name: Kercho, Marvin R.
name: Zagarella, Anthony
name: Herrick, Joseph F.
name: Burt, Stanley W.
name: Kercho, Marvin R.
name: Zagarella, Anthony
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1952
Subjects: Labor and Human Capital
Research Methods/ Statistical Methods

description: Excerpts from the report Summary: In recent years, service wholesalers of produce have vigorously sought ways of reducing the costs of handling products through their warehouses. They are placing considerable emphasis on solving the problem of reducing the cost of assembling orders and loading trucks, because these are the most costly of all warehousing operations on a tonnage basis. Six methods used by produce wholesalers employing different types and combinations of types of materials-handling equipment for loading out are described in this report.
Exact SMEFT formulation and expansion to $\mathcal{O}(v^4/Λ^4)$
Creators: name: Hays, Chris
name: Helset, Andreas
name: Martin, Adam
name: Trott, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Standard Model Effective Field Theory (SMEFT) theoretical framework is increasingly used to interpret particle physics measurements and constrain physics beyond the Standard Model. We investigate the truncation of the effective-operator expansion using the geometric formulation of the SMEFT, which allows exact solutions, up to mass-dimension eight. Using this construction, we compare the exact solution to the expansion at ${\mathcal{O}}(v^2/Λ^2)$, partial ${\mathcal{O}}(v^4/Λ^4)$ using a subset of terms with dimension-6 operators, and full ${\mathcal{O}}(v^4/Λ^4)$, where $v$ is the vacuum expectation value and $Λ$ is the scale of new physics. This comparison is performed for general values of the coefficients, and for the specific model of a heavy U(1) gauge field kinetically mixed with the Standard Model. We additionally determine the input-parameter scheme dependence at all orders in $v/Λ$, and show that this dependence increases at higher orders in $v/Λ$.
description: 42 pages, 9 figures
Spectral evolution of star clusters in the Large Magellanic Cloud: I. Blue concentrated clusters in the age range 40-300 Myr
Creators: name: Santos, J. F. C.
name: Claria, J. J.
name: Ahumada, A. V.
name: Bica, E.
name: Piatti, A. E.
name: Parisi, M. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Integrated spectroscopy of a sample of 17 blue concentrated Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC) clusters is presented and its spectral evolution studied. The spectra span the range ~3600-6800A with a resolution of ~14A FWHM, being used to determine cluster ages and, in connection with their spatial distribution, to explore the LMC structure and cluster formation history. Cluster reddening values were estimated by interpolation, using the available extinction maps. We used two methods to derive cluster ages: (i) template matching, in which line strengths and continuum distribution of the cluster spectra were compared and matched to those of template clusters with known astrophysical properties, and (ii) equivalent width (EW) method, in which new age/metallicity calibrations were used together with diagnostic diagrams involving the sum of EWs of selected spectral lines (KCaII, G band (CH), MgI, Hdelta, Hgamma and Hbeta). The derived cluster ages range from 40Myr (NGC2130 and SL237) to 300Myr (NGC1932 and SL709), a good agreement between the results of the two methods being obtained. Combining the present sample with additional ones indicates that cluster deprojected distances from the LMC center are related to age in the sense that inner clusters tend to be younger. Spectral libraries of star clusters are useful datasets for spectral classifications and extraction of parameter information for target star clusters and galaxies. The present cluster sample complements previous ones, in an effort to gather a spectral library with several clusters per age bin.
description: 13 pages, 22 figures. Accepted for publication in A&A
Recognizing Chinese Judicial Named Entity using BiLSTM-CRF
Creators: name: Tang, Pin
name: Yang, Pinli
name: Shi, Yuang
name: Zhou, Yi
name: Lin, Feng
name: Wang, Yan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Named entity recognition (NER) plays an essential role in natural language processing systems. Judicial NER is a fundamental component of judicial information retrieval, entity relation extraction, and knowledge map building. However, Chinese judicial NER remains to be more challenging due to the characteristics of Chinese and high accuracy requirements in the judicial filed. Thus, in this paper, we propose a deep learning-based method named BiLSTM-CRF which consists of bi-directional long short-term memory (BiLSTM) and conditional random fields (CRF). For further accuracy promotion, we propose to use Adaptive moment estimation (Adam) for optimization of the model. To validate our method, we perform experiments on judgment documents including commutation, parole and temporary service outside prison, which is acquired from China Judgments Online. Experimental results achieve the accuracy of 0.876, recall of 0.856 and F1 score of 0.855, which suggests the superiority of the proposed BiLSTM-CRF with Adam optimizer.
ADOPTION AND ECONOMIC IMPACT OF SITE-SPECIFIC TECHNOLOGIES IN U.S. AGRICULTURE
Creators: name: El-Osta, Hisham S.
name: Mishra, Ashok K.
name: El-Osta, Hisham S.
name: Mishra, Ashok K.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2001
Subjects: Farm Management
Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies

description: A Heckman's two-stage method is used in conjunction with data from the 1998 Agricultural Resource Management Study to estimate the likelihood of adopting a variable rate application technology (VRT) and the impact of such adoption on the per-acre costs of fertilizers and lime in cash grain production. Results highlight the importance of operator's level of human capital and attitude toward risk, along with size and location of farm in impacting VRT adoption decisions. Results also indicate no significant cost-savings attributable to VRT adoption.
EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS OF HYSTERESIS IN RURAL LABOR MARKETS IN A DEVELOPING COUNTRY: THE CASE OF BANGLADESH
Creators: name: Wheatley, W. Parker
name: Liu, Donald J.
name: Del Ninno, Carlo
name: Wheatley, W. Parker
name: Liu, Donald J.
name: Del Ninno, Carlo
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2001
Subjects: Labor and Human Capital

description: This paper empirically investigates the relationship between commodity prices and wages in the rural labor markets of a developing country (i.e., Bangladesh). Given its basis on a theoretical justification for hysteresis, this empirical study provides a more complete method for investigating labor market hysteresis than previous research.