cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Symmetry breaking and error correction in open quantum systems
Creators: name: Lieu, Simon
name: Belyansky, Ron
name: Young, Jeremy T.
name: Lundgren, Rex
name: Albert, Victor V.
name: Gorshkov, Alexey V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Symmetry-breaking transitions are a well-understood phenomenon of closed quantum systems in quantum optics, condensed matter, and high energy physics. However, symmetry breaking in open systems is less thoroughly understood, in part due to the richer steady-state and symmetry structure that such systems possess. For the prototypical open system---a Lindbladian---a unitary symmetry can be imposed in a "weak" or a "strong" way. We characterize the possible $\mathbb{Z}_n$ symmetry breaking transitions for both cases. In the case of $\mathbb{Z}_2$, a weak-symmetry-broken phase guarantees at most a classical bit steady-state structure, while a strong-symmetry-broken phase admits a partially-protected steady-state qubit. Viewing photonic cat qubits through the lens of strong-symmetry breaking, we show how to dynamically recover the logical information after any gap-preserving strong-symmetric error; such recovery becomes perfect exponentially quickly in the number of photons. Our study forges a connection between driven-dissipative phase transitions and error correction.
description: 5 + 6 pages
Renewable energy adoption in the built environment: a sociotechnical network approach
Creators: name: R. P. Nilmini P. Weerasinghe
name: Yang, Rebecca Jing
name: Too, Eric
name: Tiendung Le
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Science Policy

description: The transition to renewable energy system in the building industry is a complex process comprising various technology elements and influenced by multiple stakeholders and various functions. Without unravelling how technical systems are embedded with social components, the opportunity for successful implementation is compromised. Therefore, this paper examines the influence of sociotechnical elements on renewable energy uptake in the building industry. This study adopts a sociotechnical network perspective and proposes a meta-network analysis (multi-link and multi-node network) to assess complex sociotechnical systems and uses an example of building-integrated photovoltaic (BIPV) uptake to demonstrate the approach. A comprehensive literature review and 20 interviews assisted in the development of the sociotechnical network. The adoption process is transformed to a three-node network,with nodes as social actors, technical artefacts and actions (drivers that influence the deployment). The findings reveal significant sociotechnical elements as adopters/clients: governments, BIPV panels, energy storage systems and the building. The system performances, uniform standards, regulations and building codes, stakeholder collaborations, incentives and upfront cost are highlighted as critical drivers influencing deployment. The goal of the study is to inform practitioners and researchers how social and technical dynamics shape successful renewable energy transition in the building sector.
Spontaneous Formation of a Superconductor-Topological Insulator-Normal Metal Layered Heterostructure
Creators: name: Wang, Yu-Qi
name: Wu, Xu
name: Wang, Ye-Liang
name: Shao, Yan
name: Lei, Tao
name: Wang, Jia-Ou
name: Zhu, Shi-Yu
name: Guo, Haiming
name: Zhao, Ling-Xiao
name: Chen, Gen-Fu
name: Nie, Simin
name: Weng, Hong-Ming
name: Ibrahim, Kurash
name: Dai, Xi
name: Fang, Zhong
name: Gao, Hong-Jun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The discovery of graphene has spurred vigorous investigation of 2D materials, revealing a wide range of extraordinary properties and functionalities. 2D heterostructural materials have recently been fabricated by assembling isolated planes layer-by-layer in a desired sequence. Unusual properties and novel physical phenomena have been unveiled in such layered heterostructures. For example, Hofstadter's butterfly, an intriguing pattern of the energy states of Bloch electrons, was predicted several decades ago to be observable only under unfeasibly strong magnetic fields in conventional materials. But it has been observed recently under current experimental conditions in graphene/BN layered heterostructures, one of the outstanding new kinds of 2D materials. Moreover, another amazing physics phenomenon, Majorana fermions was predicted to exist in heterostructural systems consisting of a superconductor (SC) and a topological insulator (TI) Journal.
Color gradients along the quiescent galaxy sequence: clues to quenching and structural growth
Creators: name: Suess, Katherine A.
name: Kriek, Mariska
name: Price, Sedona H.
name: Barro, Guillermo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This Letter examines how the sizes, structures, and color gradients of galaxies change along the quiescent sequence. Our sample consists of ~400 quiescent galaxies at $1.0\le z\le2.5$ and $10.1 \le \log{M_*/M_\odot}\le11.6$ in three CANDELS fields. We exploit deep multi-band HST imaging to derive accurate mass profiles and color gradients, then use an empirical calibration from rest-frame UVJ colors to estimate galaxy ages. We find that -- contrary to previous results -- the youngest quiescent galaxies are not significantly smaller than older quiescent galaxies at fixed stellar mass. These `post-starburst' galaxies only appear smaller in half-light radii because they have systematically flatter color gradients. The strength of color gradients in quiescent galaxies is a clear function of age, with older galaxies exhibiting stronger negative color gradients (i.e., redder centers). Furthermore, we find that the central mass surface density $Σ_1$ is independent of age at fixed stellar mass, and only weakly depends on redshift. This finding implies that the central mass profiles of quiescent galaxies do not significantly change with age; however, we find that older quiescent galaxies have additional mass at large radii. Our results support the idea that building a massive core is a necessary requirement for quenching beyond $z=1$, and indicate that post-starburst galaxies are the result of a rapid quenching process that requires structural change. Furthermore, our observed color gradient and mass profile evolution supports a scenario where quiescent galaxies grow inside-out via minor mergers.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures. Accepted to ApJL
Automatic Plant Image Identification of Vietnamese species using Deep Learning Models
Creators: name: Van Hieu, Nguyen
name: Hien, Ngo Le Huy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: It is complicated to distinguish among thousands of plant species in the natural ecosystem, and many efforts have been investigated to address the issue. In Vietnam, the task of identifying one from 12,000 species requires specialized experts in flora management, with thorough training skills and in-depth knowledge. Therefore, with the advance of machine learning, automatic plant identification systems have been proposed to benefit various stakeholders, including botanists, pharmaceutical laboratories, taxonomists, forestry services, and organizations. The concept has fueled an interest in research and application from global researchers and engineers in both fields of machine learning and computer vision. In this paper, the Vietnamese plant image dataset was collected from an online encyclopedia of Vietnamese organisms, together with the Encyclopedia of Life, to generate a total of 28,046 environmental images of 109 plant species in Vietnam. A comparative evaluation of four deep convolutional feature extraction models, which are MobileNetV2, VGG16, ResnetV2, and Inception Resnet V2, is presented. Those models have been tested on the Support Vector Machine (SVM) classifier to experiment with the purpose of plant image identification. The proposed models achieve promising recognition rates, and MobilenetV2 attained the highest with 83.9%. This result demonstrates that machine learning models are potential for plant species identification in the natural environment, and future works need to examine proposing higher accuracy systems on a larger dataset to meet the current application demand.
description: 7 pages, 8 figures, 2 tables, Published with International Journal of Engineering Trends and Technology (IJETT)
Effects of Japanese Import Demand on U.S. Livestock Prices: Comment
Creators: name: Kinnucan, Henry W.
name: Kinnucan, Henry W.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: elasticities
subject: exchange rates
subject: import demand
subject: income
subject: supply response
subject: tariffs

description: A recent study of Miljkovic, Marsh, and Brester estimates that reductions in the Japanese tariff-rate quota between 1993 and 2001 increased U.S. beef prices by $1.03 per cwt and yen depreciation between 1995 and 1998 reduced U.S. hog prices by $0.99 per cwt. Relaxing the assumption that U.S. beef and hog supplies are fixed cuts the total elasticities underlying these estimates by 50% or more. The upshot is that shocks in the Japanese market have little effect on U.S. beef and pork prices. Hence, producers may be better off focusing on domestic issues such as dietary concerns over red meat consumption.
Optimal Nitrogen Fertilization Rates in Winter Wheat Production as Affected by Risk, Disease, and Nitrogen Source
Creators: name: Roberts, Roland K.
name: Walters, Jeremy T.
name: Larson, James A.
name: English, Burton C.
name: Howard, Donald D.
name: Roberts, Roland K.
name: Walters, Jeremy T.
name: Larson, James A.
name: English, Burton C.
name: Howard, Donald D.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Certainty equivalent
subject: Blume-Blotch
subject: nitrogen fertilizer
subject: nitrogen source
subject: risk
subject: Take-All
subject: winter wheat

description: Interactions among the nitrogen (N) fertilization rate, N source, and disease severity can affect mean yield and yield in conservation tillage wheat production. A Just-Pope model was used to evaluate the effects of N rate, N source, and disease on the spring N fertilization decision. Ammonium nitrate (AN) was the utility-maximizing N source, regardless of risk preferences. The net-return-maximizing AN rate was 92 lb N/acre, providing $0.52/acre higher net returns than the best alternative N source (urea). If a farmer could anticipate a higher-than-average Take-All Root Rot infection, the difference in optimal net returns between AN and urea would increase to $35.11/acre.
L'Octoëchos Syrien
Creators: name: Jeannin, Jules
name: Puyade, J.
Publisher: name: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients
Year: 2024

description: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients, Bd. 11 Nr. 2 (1913): Oriens christianus, Band 11, Heft 2
The Adoption of Best-Management Practices by Louisiana Dairy Producers
Creators: name: Rahelizatovo, Noro C.
name: Gillespie, Jeffrey M.
name: Rahelizatovo, Noro C.
name: Gillespie, Jeffrey M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Best management practices (BMP)
subject: count data analysis
subject: dairy industry
subject: negative binomial regressions
subject: Poisson regression

description: This study examines the adoption of best-management practices (BMPs) in terms of the total number of practices implemented up to a certain period, using count data analysis. Poisson and negative binomial regressions were used to examine the likely determinants of producers’ decisions to adopt greater numbers of technologies, and the specific case of dairy producers’ adoption of BMPs was explored. Our results emphasize the significant effect of producers’ awareness of the efforts to control non-point source pollution, information about BMPs, farms size, producer’s educational attainment, and risk aversion on the number of BMPs adopted.
Breather-like pulses in a medium with the permanent dipole moment
Creators: name: Ustinov, N. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The solutions of the reduced Maxwell-Bloch equations for an anisotropic two-level medium, which describe the propagation of electromagnetic pulses having a duration from a few field oscillations, are studied. An influence of the permanent dipole moment of the quantum transition on dynamics of the pulses and their spectrum is considered.
description: LaTeX, 9 pages, 6 figures
MUALLIFLIK KORPUSI TARKIBIDA ERKIN VOHIDOV ASARLARINING LINGVISTIK KORPUSINI YARATISH TAMOYILLARI
Creators: name: Abdurahmanova, Muqaddas
name: Arislanova, Muxlisa
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Maqola o‘zbek tili milliy korpusi  tarkibida mualliflik korpusini yaratish  zaruratiga bag‘ishlangan. Tadqiqotchi  mualliflik korpusining o‘zbek tilini tadqiq etish va ta’lim jarayonidagi afzalliklarini ko‘rsatib bergan va uni yaratish masalasi dolzarb degan xulosaga keladi.
Far-ultraviolet Spectroscopy of Magnetic Cataclysmic Variables
Creators: name: Araujo-Betancor, S.
name: Gaensicke, B. T.
name: Long, K. S.
name: Beuermann, K.
name: de Martino, D.
name: Sion, E. M.
name: Szkody, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have obtained HST/STIS data for a total of eleven polars as part of a program aimed to compile a homogeneous database of high-quality far-ultraviolet (FUV) spectra for a large number of cataclysmic variables (CVs). Of the eleven polars, eight were found in a state of low accretion activity (V347Pav, VVPup, V834Cen, BLHyi, MRSer, STLMi, RXJ1554.2+2721 and V895Cen) and three in a state of high activity (CDInd, ANUMa and UWPic). The STIS spectra of the low-state polars unambiguously reveal the photospheric emission of their white dwarf (WD) primaries. We have used pure hydrogen WD models to fit the FUV spectra of the low-state systems (except RX J1554.2+2721, which is a high-field polar) in order to measure the WD effective temperatures. In all cases, the fits could be improved by adding a second component, which is presumably due to residual accretion onto the magnetic pole of the WD. The WD temperatures obtained range from 10800K to 14200K for log g = 8.0. Comparing the WD temperatures of polars to those of non-magnetic CVs, we find that at any given orbital period the WDs in polars are colder than those in non-magnetic CVs. The temperatures of polars below the period gap are consistent with gravitational radiation as the only active angular momentum loss mechanism. The differences in WD effective temperatures between polars and non-magnetic CVs are significantly larger above the period gap, suggesting that magnetic braking in polars might be reduced by the strong field of the primary.
description: Accepted for publication in ApJ, 36 pages including 5 figures and 7 tables
The Pilot Food Price Subsidy Scheme in the Philippines: Its Impact on Income, Food Consumption, and Nutritional Status
Creators: name: Garcia, Marito
name: Pinstrup-Andersen, Per
name: Garcia, Marito
name: Pinstrup-Andersen, Per
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1987
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: Food relief
subject: Philippines
subject: Case studies
subject: Food consumption

description: This report presents the results of a pilot targeted food price subsidy scheme implemented in three provinces of the Philippines for 12 months beginning in mid-1983. It assesses the economic and nutritional effects of the scheme, analyzes its technical and administrative feasibility, and considers possible alternatives. The scheme consisted of price discounts on rice and cooking oil and a nutrition education component.
First principles study of stability of MXenes under electron beam
Creators: name: Ibragimova, Rina
name: Lv, Zhong-Peng
name: Komsa, Hannu-Pekka
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Interactions of two-dimensional MXene sheets and electron beam of (scanning) transmission electron microscope are studied via first-principles calculations. We simulated the knock-on displacement threshold for Ti$_3$C$_2$ MXene sheet via ab initio molecular dynamics simulations and for five other MXenes (Ti$_2$C, Ti$_2$N, Nb$_2$C, Mo$_2$TiC$_2$, and Ti$_3$CN) approximately from defect formation energies. We evaluated sputtering cross section and sputtering rates, and based on those the evolution of the surface composition. We find that at the exit surface and for "low" TEM energies H and F sputter at equal rates, but at "high" TEM energies the F is sputtered most strongly. In the enter surface, H sputtering dominates. The results were found to be largely similar for all studied MXenes, and although the displacement thresholds varied between the different metal atoms the thresholds were always too high to lead to significant sputtering of the metal atoms. We simulated electron microscope images at the successive stages of sputtering, and found that while it is likely difficult to identify surface groups based on the spot intensities, the local contraction of lattice around O groups should be observable. We also studied MXenes encapsulated with graphene and found them to provide efficient protection from the knock-on damage for all surface group atoms except H.
The Lower Krishna Basin Trajectory: Relationships between Basin Development and Downstream Environmental Degradation
Creators: name: Venot, Jean-Philippe
name: Sharma, Bharat R.
name: Rao, Kamineni V.G.K.
name: Venot, Jean-Philippe
name: Sharma, Bharat R.
name: Rao, Kamineni V.G.K.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: Risk and Uncertainty
subject: River basin development
subject: Lakes
subject: Environmental degradation
subject: Ecosystems
subject: Mangroves
subject: Water allocation
subject: Groundwater
subject: Water quality
subject: Salinity
subject: Irrigated farming
subject: Institutions
subject: Irrigation canals
subject: Rural development

description: Basin water development and rural dynamics in the Krishna Basin have led to a degradation of downstream ecosystems manifesting itself by salinizing soil and groundwater, increasing pollution, disappearing mangroves and desiccating wetlands. Reversing this evolution requires the formal recognition of the environment as a water user in its own right and the implementation of an environmental water provision. This provision should be based on a two-tier allocation system with assured discharges in the irrigation canals of the delta and to the ocean. This will lead to further commitment of water resources but this is needed to reconcile the social, economic and environmental objectives of a sustainable development. Other measures facilitating integrated natural resources management from the local to the basin level are needed too.
Powering the Galilean Satellites with Moon-Moon Tides
Creators: name: Hay, Hamish C. F. C.
name: Trinh, Antony
name: Matsuyama, Isamu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: There is compelling evidence for subsurface water oceans among the three outer Galilean satellites, and evidence for an internal magma ocean in the innermost moon, Io. Tidal forces from Jupiter periodically deform these bodies, causing heating and deformation that, if measured, can probe their interior structures. In addition to Jupiter-raised tides, each moon also raises tides on the others. We investigate moon-moon tides for the first time in the Galilean moons, and show that they can cause significant heating through the excitation of high-frequency resonant tidal waves in their subsurface oceans. The heating occurs both in the crust and ocean, and can exceed that of other tidal sources and radiogenic decay if the ocean is inviscid enough. The resulting tidal deformation can be used to constrain subsurface ocean thickness. Our understanding of the thermal-orbital evolution and habitability of the Jovian system may be fundamentally altered as a result.
DF-strings from D3${\bar {\bf D}}$3 as Cosmic Strings
Creators: name: Cho, Inyong
name: Kim, Yoonbai
name: Kyae, Bumseok
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study Dirac-Born-Infeld type effective field theory of a complex tachyon and U(1)$\times$U(1) gauge fields describing a D3${\bar {\rm D}}$3 system. Classical solutions of straight global and local DF-strings with quantized vorticity are found and are classified into two types by the asymptotic behavior of the tachyon amplitude. For sufficiently large radial distances, one has linearly-growing tachyon amplitude and the other logarithmically-growing tachyon amplitude. A constant radial electric flux density denoting the fundamental-string background makes the obtained DF-strings thick. The other electric flux density parallel to the strings is localized, which represents localization of fundamental strings in the D1-F1 bound states. Since these DF-strings are formed in the coincidence limit of the D3${\bar {\rm D}}$3, these cosmic DF-strings are safe from inflation induced by the approach of the separated D3 and ${\bar {\rm D}}3$.
description: 23 pages, 5 eps figures
Star-disc interactions in a galactic centre and oblateness of the inner stellar cluster
Creators: name: Subr, L.
name: Karas, V.
name: Hure, J. -M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Structure of a quasi-stationary stellar cluster is modelled assuming that it is embedded in the gravitational field of a super-massive black hole. Gradual orbital decay of stellar trajectories is caused by the dissipative interaction with an accretion disc. Gravitational field of the disc is constructed and its effect on the cluster structure is taken into account as an axially symmetric perturbation. Attention is focused on a circumnuclear region (r<10^4 gravitational radii) where the effects of the central black hole and the disc dominate over the influence of an outer galaxy. It is shown how the stellar system becomes gradually flattened towards the disc plane. For certain combinations of the model parameters, a toroidal structure is formed by a fraction of stars. Growing anisotropy of stellar velocities as well as their segregation occur. The mass function of the inner cluster is modified and it progressively departs from the asymptotic form assumed in the outer cluster. A new stationary distribution can be characterized in terms of velocity dispersion of the stellar sample in the central region of the modified cluster.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS; 12 pages, 10 figures
sci_2020_Mariani_Giacomo.pdf
Creators: name: Mariani, Giacomo
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Applied Computer Science
subject: 130306 Educational Technology and Computing
subject: FOS: Educational sciences

description: Visual Algorithm Simulation (VAS) exercises are commonly used in Computer Science education to help learners understand the logic behind the abstractions used in programming. These exercises also present problems common in the daily work of Computer Science graduates. Aalto University uses the JSAV library to create VAS exercises and evaluate the solutions submitted by students. The evaluation process counts the amount of correct steps given by the user during the exercise. However, because more detailed data is not collected, teachers currently can not recreate and analyse the submitted solutions more in depth.

This thesis presents the design, development and evaluation of an application prototype, which can be easily integrated in existing VAS exercises created with the JSAV library. The prototype is called Player Application, and it is designed as a service that can be easily integrated into other systems while still remaining independent. The Player Application consists of two main independent components: the Exercise Recorder and the Exercise Player. A third important contribution is the new JSON-based Algorithm Animation Language, which is designed to describe, structure and store the data collected from the VAS exercises.

The prototype was successfully tested in an online environment by importing the Exercise Recorder into existing exercises and replaying the submitted solutions in the Exercise Player. The tests showed that its design and architecture were valid. Next, the aim is to create a mature application, which can be used at Aalto University and other institutions, in addition the prototype still needs further development to support more VAS exercise types.
GREEN INNOVATIONS IN UZBEKISTAN: OPPORTUNITIES AND CHALLENGES
Creators: name: Shodmonov, Ruslan
name: Mustafakulov, Sherzod
Publisher: name: Academic Scientific Research
Year: 2024
Subjects: Green Innovations
Uzbekistan
renewable energy
sustainable development
environmental policy
green economy
climate change adaptation

description: Green innovations are vital for sustainable development, especially in countries like Uzbekistan, where environmental challenges such as water scarcity, energy inefficiency, and desertification are pressing issues. This paper investigates the current state of green innovations in Uzbekistan, focusing on recent initiatives in energy, agriculture, and waste management. It explores the impact of these innovations on the economy and environment and discusses the barriers to broader adoption. The findings suggest that while Uzbekistan has made significant strides in promoting green technologies, several challenges, including policy gaps, financial constraints, and a lack of public awareness, hinder full implementation.
MAKTABGACHA YOSHDAGI BOLALARNING AQLIY TAFAKKURINI TURLI O'YINLAR YORDAMIDA RIVOJLANTIRISH.
Creators: name: Suvanova, Sevara
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Bugungi kunda maktabgacha ta’lim tizimiga  katta e’tibor qaratilmoqda. Ushbu maqolada maktabgacha ta’lim tizimida olib borilgan ishlar hamda, maktabgacha yoshdagi bolajonlarda interfaol texnologiya va metodlarni qo‘llab ko‘rish haqida so‘z boradi.
Extracting the electron--boson spectral function $α^2$F($ω$) from infrared and photoemission data using inverse theory
Creators: name: Dordevic, S. V.
name: Homes, C. C.
name: Tu, J. J.
name: Valla, T.
name: Strongin, M.
name: Johnson, P. D.
name: Gu, G. D.
name: Basov, D. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a new method of extracting electron-boson spectral function $α^2$F($ω$) from infrared and photoemission data. This procedure is based on inverse theory and will be shown to be superior to previous techniques. Numerical implementation of the algorithm is presented in detail and then used to accurately determine the doping and temperature dependence of the spectral function in several families of high-T$_c$ superconductors. Principal limitations of extracting $α^2$F($ω$) from experimental data will be pointed out. We directly compare the IR and ARPES $α^2$F($ω$) and discuss the resonance structure in the spectra in terms of existing theoretical models.
Zur Überlieferung der Reden Gregors von Nazianz
Creators: name: Lüdtke, Willy
Publisher: name: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients
Year: 2024

description: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients, Bd. 11 Nr. 2 (1913): Oriens christianus, Band 11, Heft 2
Radiation induced interaction potential of two qubits strongly coupled with a quantized electromagnetic field
Creators: name: Feranchuk, I. D.
name: San, N. Q.
name: Leonau, A. U.
name: Skoromnik, O. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the interaction of two two-level qubits with a single mode quantum field in a cavity without rotating wave approximation and considering that qubits can be located at an arbitrary distance from each other. We demonstrate that there exists a radiation induced interaction potential between atoms. We studied the properties of the system numerically and in addition constructed a simple analytical approximation. It is shown that the observable characteristics are substantially dependent on the distance between the qubits in the strong coupling regime. This allows one to perform the quantum control of the qubits, which can be exploited for the recording and transmission of quantum information.
Observational Consequences of Quantum Cosmology
Creators: name: Huang, Qing-Guo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Our universe is born of a tunnelling from nothing in quantum cosmology. Nothing here can be interpreted as a state with zero entropy. As a reliable modification of the Hartle-Hawking wave function of the universe, the improved Hartle-Hawking wave function proposed by Firouzjahi, Sarangi and Tye gives many interesting observational consequences which we explore in this paper. Fruitful observations are obtained for chaotic inflation, including a detectable spatial curvature and a negligible tunnelling probability for eternal chaotic inflation. And we find that the tensor-scalar ratio and the spatial curvature for brane inflation type models should be neglected.
description: 12 pages, harvmac; refs. added and minor corrections; version for publication in Nucl.Phys.B
Linking ice and gas in the Serpens low-mass star-forming region
Creators: name: Perotti, G.
name: Rocha, W. R. M.
name: Jørgensen, J. K.
name: Kristensen, L. E.
name: Fraser, H. J.
name: Pontoppidan, K. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The interaction between dust, ice, and gas during the formation of stars produces complex organic molecules. While observations indicate that several species are formed on ice-covered dust grains and are released into the gas phase, the exact chemical interplay between solid and gas phases and their relative importance remain unclear. Our goal is to study the interplay in regions of low-mass star formation through ice- and gas-mapping and by directly measuring gas-to-ice ratios. This provides constraints on the routes that lead to the chemical complexity that is observed in both phases. We present observations of gas-phase methanol (CH$_3$OH) and carbon monoxide at 1.3 mm towards ten low-mass young protostars in the Serpens SVS4 cluster from the SubMillimeter Array and the Atacama Pathfinder EXperiment telescope. We used archival data from the Very Large Telescope to derive abundances of ice H$_2$O, CO, and CH$_3$OH towards the same region. Finally, we constructed gas-ice maps of SVS4 and directly measured CO and CH$_3$OH gas-to-ice ratios. The CH$_3$OH gas-to-ice ratio agrees with values that were previously reported for embedded Class 0/I low-mass protostars. The CO gas-maps trace an extended gaseous component that is not sensitive to the effect of freeze-out. We find that there is no straightforward correlation between CO and CH$_3$OH gas with their ice counterparts in the cluster. This is likely related to the complex morphology of SVS4: the Class 0 protostar SMM4 and its envelope lie in the vicinity, and the outflow associated with SMM4 intersects the cluster. This study serves as a pathfinder for future observations with ALMA and the James Webb Space Telescope that will provide high-sensitivity gas-ice maps of molecules more complex than methanol. Such comparative maps will be essential to constrain the chemical routes that regulate the chemical complexity in star-forming regions.
description: 25 pages, 20 figures, accepted for publication by A&A
Rural-urban food, nutrient and virtual water flows in selected West African cities
Creators: name: Drechsel, Pay
name: Graefe, Sophie
name: Fink, Michael
name: Drechsel, Pay
name: Graefe, Sophie
name: Fink, Michael
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: Food consumption
subject: Water quality
subject: Nutrients
subject: Urban agriculture
subject: Food production

description: Impacts of increasing population pressure on food demand and land and water resources have sparked interest in nutrient and water balances and flows at a range of scales. In IWMI Research Report 115, it was tried for the first time to quantify rural-urban food flows for selected cities in Ghana and Burkina Faso to analyse their dependency on food supplied from rural vs. peri-urban vs. urban farming. Both, the urban nutrient and water footprints are closely interlinked. Currently, 80-95 percent of the domestic water used and the nutrients consumed go to waste without treatment or resource recovery. The economic dimensions are significant. Options to reduce the environmental burden by closing the rural-urban water and nutrient cycles are discussed.
Justification of c-Number Substitutions in Bosonic Hamiltonians
Creators: name: Lieb, Elliott H.
name: Seiringer, Robert
name: Yngvason, Jakob
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The validity of substituting a c-number $z$ for the $k=0$ mode operator $a_0$ is established rigorously in full generality, thereby verifying one aspect of Bogoliubov's 1947 theory. This substitution not only yields the correct value of thermodynamic quantities like the pressure or ground state energy, but also the value of $|z|^2$ that maximizes the partition function equals the true amount of condensation in the presence of a gauge-symmetry breaking term -- a point that had previously been elusive.
description: RevTeX4, 4pages; minor modifications in the text; final version, to appear in Phys. Rev. Lett
A general corridor method-based approach for capacitated facility location
Creators: name: Caserta, Marco
name: Voß, Stefan
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biotechnology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Computational Biology

description: The Capacitated Facility Location Problem (CFLP) is a well-known optimisation problem with applications in a number of fields, such as distribution system planning, telecommunication network design, and supply chain design. The goal of this paper is to present a matheuristic algorithm based on the corridor method, to develop a general algorithm for a number of variants of the CFLP. The algorithm exploits solutions obtained via Lagrangean relaxation and builds corridors around such solutions via the introduction of constraints around the incumbent solution, used to limit the size of the solution space explored at each iteration. A thorough exploration of the neighbourhoods induced by the corridors is carried out using a mixed integer programming (MIP) solver. More precisely, we solve to (near) optimality over 500 benchmark instances, using the single-source as well as the multi-source formulations, both in the nominal variant, i.e. the deterministic version of the problem, and the robust variant, i.e. the version obtained when using robust optimisation to model the uncertainty of the problem parameters. The performance of the algorithm is highly competitive when compared with the best approaches proposed in the literature for each variant of the CFLP, especially considering that the algorithm has not been designed with a specific CFLP formulation in mind.
Three-component modelling of C-rich AGB star winds V. Effects of frequency-dependent radiative transfer including drift
Creators: name: Sandin, Christer
name: Mattsson, Lars
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Stellar winds of cool carbon stars enrich the interstellar medium with significant amounts of carbon and dust. We present a study of the influence of two-fluid flow on winds where we add descriptions of frequency-dependent radiative transfer. Our radiation hydrodynamic models in addition include stellar pulsations, grain growth and ablation, gas-to-dust drift using one mean grain size, dust extinction based on both the small particle limit and Mie scattering, and an accurate numerical scheme. We calculate models at high spatial resolution using 1024 gridpoints and solar metallicities at 319 frequencies, and we discern effects of drift by comparing drift models to non-drift models. Our results show differences of up to 1000 per cent in comparison to extant results. Mass-loss rates and wind velocities of drift models are typically, but not always, lower than in non-drift models. Differences are larger when Mie scattering is used instead of the small particle limit. Amongst other properties, the mass-loss rates of the gas and dust, dust-to-gas density ratio, and wind velocity show an exponential dependence on the dust-to-gas speed ratio. Yields of dust in the least massive winds increase by a factor four when drift is used. We find drift velocities in the range 10-67 km/s, which is drastically higher than in our earlier works that use grey radiative transfer. It is necessary to include an estimate of drift velocities to reproduce high yields of dust and low wind velocities.
description: 32 pages, 19 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Treadle pump irrigation and poverty in Ghana
Creators: name: Adeoti, Adetola I.
name: Barry, Boubacar
name: Namara, Regassa E.
name: Kamara, Abdul B.
name: Titiati, Atsu
name: Adeoti, Adetola I.
name: Barry, Boubacar
name: Namara, Regassa E.
name: Kamara, Abdul B.
name: Titiati, Atsu
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: Labor and Human Capital
subject: Manual pumps
subject: Irrigation systems
subject: Water lifting
subject: Poverty
subject: Farm income
subject: Gender

description: Treadle pump (TP) technology has been promoted by Enterprise Works Worldwide (EWW) as an alternative to the traditional rope and bucket irrigation that is necessary to overcome the challenge of uncertain and inadequate rainfall for agricultural production. The aim is to improve output, increase incomes and reduce poverty among farm households. This study examines the strategies used for dissemination of the TP and the dynamics of its adoption and impacts, with a special focus on poverty reduction. The results of the study reveal that time and labor savings for irrigation, increased size of irrigated areas and lack of fuel requirements are the attractive features of the TP for those who adopt it. Adoption of TP increases land and labor productivities; and also net farm incomes. The study also demonstrates that adoption of the TP reduces poverty.
THE "MEMORIAL CONFLICT" ON THE POLISH-RUSSIAN BORDERLAND: WARMIA
Creators: name: Boroch, Robert
Publisher: name: Wiedza Obronna
Year: 2023

description: The analysis will concentrate on the ‘memorial conflict’ currently taking place in the Polish–Russian border region of Warmia, Poland. The material presented in the article is the result of fieldwork in that region. Based on the findings, it was possible to make the following remarks in terms of anthropological aggression: (1) the inhabitants perceive the destruction of signs of local culture as an act of violence; (2) the lack of semiotic links between national and local cultures leads to social stratification; (3) the local and central administration policy goes against the cultural precepts of the residents and is perceived as a threat to the population’s security.
description: Wiedza Obronna, Tom 285 Nr 4 (2023)
Power Law Tails in the Italian Personal Income Distribution
Creators: name: Clementi, F.
name: Gallegati, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: General Finance (q-fin.GN)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: We investigate the shape of the Italian personal income distribution using microdata from the Survey on Household Income and Wealth, made publicly available by the Bank of Italy for the years 1977--2002. We find that the upper tail of the distribution is consistent with a Pareto-power law type distribution, while the rest follows a two-parameter lognormal distribution. The results of our analysis show a shift of the distribution and a change of the indexes specifying it over time. As regards the first issue, we test the hypothesis that the evolution of both gross domestic product and personal income is governed by similar mechanisms, pointing to the existence of correlation between these quantities. The fluctuations of the shape of income distribution are instead quantified by establishing some links with the business cycle phases experienced by the Italian economy over the years covered by our dataset.
description: Latex2e v1.6; 14 pages with 10 figures; preprint submitted to Physica A
Study quantative and qualitative tools.pdf
Creators: name: Biraro, Irene Andia
name: Rehema Namaganda
name: Driciru, Emmanuella
name: Luboga, Fiona
name: Drago, Charles Kato
name: Wajja, Anne
name: Okech, Brenda
name: Mboowa, Mary Gorrethy
name: Muganyizi, Raymond
name: Kizza, Moses
name: Cose, Stephen
name: Bukirwa, Victoria Diana
name: Damalie Nakanjako
name: Elliott, Alison M
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 140301 Cross-Sectional Analysis
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: These are blank study tools
Geological setting, nature and evolution of reduced intrusions and gold bearing quartz veins of the 4021 prospect, Goodpaster district, east-central Alaska
Creators: name: Dilworth, Katherine M.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Gold deposits associated with Cretaceous reduced granitic rocks are common in Yukon and Alaska. The Liese zone and spatially related prospects in the Goodpaster district, eastcentral Alaska, are associated with an arcuate, easterly trending belt of Cretaceous reduced granite to tonalite that compose the older of two Early Cretaceous intrusive suites. A younger suite of calc-alkaline diorite rocks (-94 Ma) are slightly more oxidized and are unrelated to the gold mineralization. Both calc-alkalic suites have low magnetic susceptibilities and oxidation states. The older suite, which includes a phase of the Goodpaster Batholith, is weakly peraluminous and contains monazite and zircon. Biotite is common and hornblende is subordinate to absent. Older granitoids of the suite are deformed and syn- to- late kinematic to regional metamorphism at about 109-107 Ma (U-Pb; zircon and monazite). Post-kinematic intrusions of the suite are as young as 104 Ma (U-Pb SHRTMP-RG). Sulphide deposition at -104.3 Ma in the Liese Zone, inferred by a Re-Os date on molybdenite, indicates a temporal overlap. Gold veins in the region have a reduced sulphide assemblage (lollingite and pyrrhotite stable) and are characterized by an Au-Bi-Te geochemical signature. Fluid inclusions from gold veins and pegmatite are similar and contain ubiquitous aqueous-carbonic fluid inclusions ± CH4. Locally, complex saline fluids coexist with C02-rich fluids. Sulphide minerals from the Liese zone and gold prospects have Pb isotopic values (²⁰⁶Pb/²⁰⁴Pb =19.4-19.5) that generally overlap with thase of the reduced granite to tonalite (206Pb/204Pb= 19.4-19.6). The sulphide Pb isotopic values extend to slightly higher ²⁰⁶Pb/²⁰⁴Pb values, likely due to fluid rock interaction with the isotopically heterogeneous host gneiss of the Yukon-Tanana terrane. The diorite suite has lower values (²⁰⁶Pb/²⁰⁴Pb = 19.1-19.2) than most of the sulphides, and thus is precluded from contributing Pb to the bulk of the sulphides. Gold in the Pogo area is related to a suite of reduced granite to tonalite intrusions that were emplaced late- to post-kinematic to regional deformation in the late Early Cretaceous. Gold-bearing quartz veins formed from magmatic-hydrothermal fluids exsolved from the reduced granites and were focused along shallowly dipping regional folation.
Institutions, impact synergies and food security: a methodology with results from the Kala Oya Basin, Sri Lanka
Creators: name: Saleth, Rathinasamy Maria
name: Dinar, Ariel
name: Neubert, Susanne
name: Kamaiah, Bandi
name: Manoharan, Seenithamby
name: Abayawardana, Sarath
name: Ariyaratne, Badugodahewa Ranjith
name: De Silva, Shyamalie
name: Saleth, Rathinasamy Maria
name: Dinar, Ariel
name: Neubert, Susanne
name: Kamaiah, Bandi
name: Manoharan, Seenithamby
name: Abayawardana, Sarath
name: Ariyaratne, Badugodahewa Ranjith
name: De Silva, Shyamalie
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: Institutional and Behavioral Economics
subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: Productivity Analysis
subject: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
subject: Institutional development
subject: Development plans
subject: Development policy
subject: Impact assessment
subject: River basins
subject: Food security
subject: Models

description: The success of development programs depends on the role of underlying institutions and the impact synergies from closely related programs. Existing literature has limitations in accounting for these critical factors. This paper fills this gap by developing a methodology, which can quantify both the institutional roles in impact generation and the impact synergies from related programs. The methodology is applied to the Kala Oya Basin in Sri Lanka for evaluating the impacts of three development programs and 11 institutions on food security. The results provide valuable insights on the relative roles of institutions and the varying flow of impact synergies both within and across impact pathways.