cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Clathria (Thalysias) virgultosa Lamarck 1814
Creators: name: Rützler, Klaus
name: Piantoni, Carla
name: Van, Rob W. M.
name: Díaz, Cristina
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Porifera
Demospongiae
Poecilosclerida
Microcionidae
Clathria
Clathria virgultosa

description: Clathria (Thalysias) virgultosa (Lamarck, 1814)
Synonymy and References. Raphidophlus juniperinus (Lamarck, 1814): van Soest (1984a): 109, fig. 43.
Material. USNM 1229024, Carrie Bow Cay lagoon, under concrete dock, 1 m; K. Ruetzler col. 17 Jun 1977. USNM 1229025, Carrie Bow Cay reef flat, under coral rubble, 0.5 m; K. Ruetzler col. 29 Jan 1986. USNM 1229026, Carrie Bow Cay lagoon, under coral rubble, 1 m; K. Ruetzler col. 8 May 2007. USNM 1229027, Carrie Bow Cay back reef and reef flat, inside dead conch shells, 1 m; K. Ruetzler and C. Piantoni col. 23 Feb 2006. USNM 1229028, Curlew Bank, forereef cave, 20 m; C. Piantoni, col. 28 Jun 2007. USNM 1229029, Carrie Bow Cay forereef, lower surface of Agaricia coral plate, 21 m; C. Piantoni col. 28 Jun 2007. USNM 1229030 Carrie Bow Cay, South reef, lower surface of rock slab; K. Ruetzler col. 13 Mar 0 9. USNM 1229031, Carrie Bow Cay, south back reef, lower surface of platy coral rubble, 1 m; K. Ruetzler col. 17 Aug 2012. USNM 1229032, 1229033, 1229034, Carrie Bow Cay lagoon, under concrete dock, 0.5 m; K. Ruetzler col. 18 Aug 2012.
External morphology. Cryptic specimens are encrusting, fleshy soft, slightly mucous; they cover 30–50 cm 2 area. Oscula are inconspicuous, generally about 1 mm, maximum 2 mm in diameter. Live color is bright red to orange red, some specimens were recorded to have a greenish yellow hue over dark red.
Skeleton structure. An irregular network of spongin fibers cored by (sub-) tylostyles, echinated by stubby acanthostyles. Smaller tylostyles are in the ectosome, some forming brushes at the surface.
Spicules. Styles, thickest near the rounded ends: 200–400 x 3–13 (318 x 7) Μm; (sub-)tylostyles I: 260–320 x 3–6 (283 x 5) Μm; (sub-)tylostyles II: 100–143 x 2–3 (122 x 3) Μm; acanthostyles: 38– 70 x 5–8 (50 x 7) Μm; regular toxas: 20–60 (35) Μm; rhaphidiform toxas: 108–280 (167) Μm; palmate isochaelas: 12–14 (13) Μm.
Ecology. All cryptic specimens were found either on concrete pillars under a boat dock, on the undersides of reef rubble, or inside small forereef caves; from 0.5– 21 m.
Distribution. Forida, Bahamas, Gulf of Mexico and throughout the Caribbean.
Comments. Branching growth forms of the sponge are also found in full light, both in reef and lagoon habitats.
description: Published as part of Rützler, Klaus, Piantoni, Carla, Van, Rob W. M. & Díaz, Cristina, 2014, Diversity of sponges (Porifera) from cryptic habitats on the Belize barrier reef near Carrie Bow Cay, pp. 1-129 in Zootaxa 3805 (1) on page 63, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3805.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/249983
Additional file 5: of The polymyxin B-induced transcriptomic response of a clinical, multidrug-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae involves multiple regulatory elements and intracellular targets
Creators: name: Ramos, Pablo
name: Márlon Custódio
name: Saji, Guadalupe Quispe
name: Thiago Cardoso
name: Gisele Da Silva
name: Braun, Graziela
name: Willames Martins
name: Girardello, Raquel
name: Vasconcelos, Ana De
name: Fernández, Elmer
name: Gales, Ana
name: Nicolás, Marisa
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Validation of the expression of pmrB, arcA and phoB using qRT-PCR. Description: The log2-transformed expression values of each gene, relative to the PB condition (strain Kp13PolB), is reported for both the RNA-seq data and qRT-PCR measurements. (PDF 40 kb)
Euroleon Esben-Petersen 1918
Creators: name: Ao, Weiguang
name: Zhang, Xubo
name: Ábrahám, Levente
name: Wang, Xili
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2009
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Neuroptera
Myrmeleontidae
Euroleon

description: Euroleon Esben-Petersen, 1918
Euroleon Esben-Petersen, 1918: 125. Type species: Myrmeleon europaeus McLachlan, by original designation. Krivokhatsky, 1994: 49 -61. [Biology and key to larvae];
Formicaleo Geoffroy in Fourcroy 1785: 360. Type species: Myrmeleon nostras Geoffroy in Fourcroy, by monotype; Synonymized by Leraut 1980: 240.
Formicileo Agassiz 1847: 156; Synonymized by Leraut 1980: 240 (unjustified emendation of Formicaleo).
Teula Navás 1930: 5. Type species: Teula sinica Navás, by monotype. Synonymized by Hölzel 1970: 128.
Diagnosis. Costal area with a single row of cells, some cross veins mainly near stigma with a small fork; forewing CuA2 running parallel along CuP+1A for considerable distance; large black spots on vertex. Distribution. Asia; Europe
description: Published as part of Ao, Weiguang, Zhang, Xubo, Ábrahám, Levente & Wang, Xili, 2009, A new species of the antlion genus Euroleon Esben-Petersen from China (Neuroptera: Myrmeleontidae), pp. 53-56 in Zootaxa 2303 on page 53, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.275322
Additional file 4: of The polymyxin B-induced transcriptomic response of a clinical, multidrug-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae involves multiple regulatory elements and intracellular targets
Creators: name: Ramos, Pablo
name: Márlon Custódio
name: Saji, Guadalupe Quispe
name: Thiago Cardoso
name: Gisele Da Silva
name: Braun, Graziela
name: Willames Martins
name: Girardello, Raquel
name: Vasconcelos, Ana De
name: Fernández, Elmer
name: Gales, Ana
name: Nicolás, Marisa
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Ecology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Klebsiella pneumoniae Kp13 growth under polymyxin B (PB) exposure vs. non-induced bacteria grown without PB. Description: Bacterial growth and medium pH were recorded at hourly intervals at seven timepoints. (PDF 46 kb)
Strongylacidon rubrum
Creators: name: Rützler, Klaus
name: Piantoni, Carla
name: Van, Rob W. M.
name: Díaz, Cristina
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Porifera
Demospongiae
Poecilosclerida
Chondropsidae
Strongylacidon
Strongylacidon rubrum

description: Strongylacidon rubrum van Soest, 1984
Synonymy and references. Strongylacidon rubra van Soest, 1984a: 44, fig. 15.
Material. USNM 1229044, Carrie Bow Cay forereef, spur and groove zone, cryptic, 6 m; K. Ruetzler col. 1 Feb 1997.
External morphology. A very thin (0.1–1 mm) crust covering about 20 cm 2. Surface smooth, porous under high magnification but without obvious oscula. A few circular openings belong to overgrown serpulid worm tubes. Soft consistency, bright red color in life.
Skeleton structure. A crossection shows wisps of thin megascleres (strongyles) ascending brush-like from the base to the surface; sigmoid microscleres are dispersed throughout the tissue.
Spicules. Very thin, mostly straight strongyles with wide axial canal (black under transmitted light): 185–220 x 1–3 (200 x 2) Μm; sigmas in two size classes (some s-shaped), I: 27–30 (29) µm; II: 13–17 (15) µm.
Ecology. Overgrowing the base of a massive specimen of the sponge Svenzea zeai (Alvarez, van Soest and Ruetzler), 20 m.
Distribution. Caribbean Sea.
description: Published as part of Rützler, Klaus, Piantoni, Carla, Van, Rob W. M. & Díaz, Cristina, 2014, Diversity of sponges (Porifera) from cryptic habitats on the Belize barrier reef near Carrie Bow Cay, pp. 1-129 in Zootaxa 3805 (1) on page 64, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3805.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/249983
Hymedesmia (Hymedesmia) agariciicola
Creators: name: Rützler, Klaus
name: Piantoni, Carla
name: Van, Rob W. M.
name: Díaz, Cristina
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Porifera
Demospongiae
Poecilosclerida
Hymedesmiidae
Hymedesmia
Hymedesmia agariciicola

description: Hymedesmia (Hymedesmia) agariciicola van Soest, 1984
Synonymy and references. Hymedesmia agariciicola van Soest, 1984a: 82, fig. 31.
Material. USNM 1229056, Curlew Bank forereef cave, 20 m; C. Piantoni col. 28 Jun 2007.
External morphology. Thin crust covering the basal body of another sponge (Oceanapia bartschi), about 35 cm 2 area; smooth surface, a few inconspicuous oscula of less than 1 mm diameter. Live color is orange red.
Skeleton structure. Acanthostyles (two size classes) in the choanosome, erect, held by a basal sponging plate. Tornotes positioned tangentially in the ectosome. Chelas in between the megascleres.
Spicules. Tornotes, very thin, slightly thicker just before the points: 175–230 x 1–3 (198 x 2) Μm; acanthostyles I: 150–210 x 7–5 (179 x 11) Μm; acanthostyles II: 50– 80 x 5–10 (66 x 8) Μm; chelas I: 30–40 (35) Μm; chelas II: 17–23 (20) Μm
Ecology. Encrusting another sponge (Oceanapia bartschi) in a forereef cave, 20 m.
Distribution. Netherlands Antilles and Belize, probably Caribbean-wide.
Comments. All spicule dimensions are larger than those reported for the holotype but all other morphological features agree well.
description: Published as part of Rützler, Klaus, Piantoni, Carla, Van, Rob W. M. & Díaz, Cristina, 2014, Diversity of sponges (Porifera) from cryptic habitats on the Belize barrier reef near Carrie Bow Cay, pp. 1-129 in Zootaxa 3805 (1) on page 65, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3805.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/249983
MPEC 2024-Y137 : 2024 YO4
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2024 YO4

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Additional file 6: of The polymyxin B-induced transcriptomic response of a clinical, multidrug-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae involves multiple regulatory elements and intracellular targets
Creators: name: Ramos, Pablo
name: Márlon Custódio
name: Saji, Guadalupe Quispe
name: Thiago Cardoso
name: Gisele Da Silva
name: Braun, Graziela
name: Willames Martins
name: Girardello, Raquel
name: Vasconcelos, Ana De
name: Fernández, Elmer
name: Gales, Ana
name: Nicolás, Marisa
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Expression heatmap of regulatory systems. Description: Expression values are represented as log2(fold-change) of the condition compared to the PB condition (log2(abiotic condition/PB condition). Thus, a positive log2FC value indicates higher expression of the gene in face of abiotic stress to which it was subjected. In this figure, all genes that we identified as a possible two-component regulatory system (by sequence similarity, conserved domains, genomic positional evidence and co-occurrence) are depicted. Genes for which we failed to identify a known homolog in the literature and databases are only cited by their locus tag in Kp13 strain. (PDF 79 kb)
Hymedesmia (Hymedesmia) curacaoensis
Creators: name: Rützler, Klaus
name: Piantoni, Carla
name: Van, Rob W. M.
name: Díaz, Cristina
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Porifera
Demospongiae
Poecilosclerida
Hymedesmiidae
Hymedesmia
Hymedesmia curacaoensis

description: Hymedesmia (Hymedesmia) curacaoensis van Soest, 1984
Synonymy and references. Hymedesmia curacaoensis van Soest, 1984a: 84, fig. 32.
Material. USNM 1229057, Carrie Bow Cay forereef, low spur and groove zone, on lower surface of Agaricia coral rubble, 8–9 m; K. Ruetzler col. 7 May 1973. USNM 1229058, Carrie Bow Cay forereef, inner reef slope, cave ceiling, 20 m; K. Ruetzler col. 14 May 1975. USNM 1229059, Carrie Bow Cay, South reef, lower surface of Acropora coral plates in exposed zone behind reef crest, 1 m. K. Ruetzler col. 6 Mar 2006.
External morphology. Thinly encrusting, patches of 16–40 cm 2 area; smooth surface, without openings visible to the unaided eye. Color in life, bright red to orange.
Skeleton structure. Acanthostyles in two size classes, positioned perpendicular to the substratum; tornotes and microscleres mainly located in the ectosome.
Spicules. Tornotes, with one end slightly swollen: 220–330 x 2–3 (255 x 2) Μm; acanthostyles I: 210–351 x 12–18 (233 x 15) Μm; acanthostyles II: 50–130 x 6–18 (89 x 11) Μm; chelas: 30–38 (32) Μm.
Ecology. Encrusting lower surfaces of platy coral rock on the forereef, 8– 9 m.
Distribution. Netherlands Antilles and Belize, probably Caribbean-wide.
Comments. Macrosclere dimensions are somewhat longer (tornotes) or thicker (acanthostyles) than those reported for the holotype, but agree well morphologically.
description: Published as part of Rützler, Klaus, Piantoni, Carla, Van, Rob W. M. & Díaz, Cristina, 2014, Diversity of sponges (Porifera) from cryptic habitats on the Belize barrier reef near Carrie Bow Cay, pp. 1-129 in Zootaxa 3805 (1) on pages 65-66, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3805.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/249983
Additional file 1: of The polymyxin B-induced transcriptomic response of a clinical, multidrug-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae involves multiple regulatory elements and intracellular targets
Creators: name: Ramos, Pablo
name: Márlon Custódio
name: Saji, Guadalupe Quispe
name: Thiago Cardoso
name: Gisele Da Silva
name: Braun, Graziela
name: Willames Martins
name: Girardello, Raquel
name: Vasconcelos, Ana De
name: Fernández, Elmer
name: Gales, Ana
name: Nicolás, Marisa
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Genes with a shared PB-dependent differential expression pattern (core PB treatment independent of abiotic stresses). (DOC 101 kb)
Doloisia (Doloisia) diangularis Zhao, Liang and Lin 1989
Creators: name: Nielsen, David H.
name: Robbins, Richard G.
name: Rueda, Leopoldo M.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Actinedida
Trombiculidae
Doloisia
Doloisia diangularis

description: Doloisia (Doloisia) diangularis Zhao, Liang and Lin, 1989:
PAL
description: Published as part of Nielsen, David H., Robbins, Richard G. & Rueda, Leopoldo M., 2021, Annotated world checklist of the Trombiculidae and Leeuwenhoekiidae (1758 - 2021) (Acari: Trombiculoidea), with notes on nomenclature, taxonomy, and distribution, pp. 1-243 in Zootaxa 4967 (1) on page 49, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4967.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4745510
التحكيم الإلكتروني والقانون الواجب التطبيق في مجال المعاملات الإلكترونية
Creators: name: BAIOUMY, HATEM
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2025
Subjects: classificationCode: 480303
subject: Conflict of laws (incl. private international law)
classificationCode: 480305
subject: International arbitration

description: يعدّ التحكيم أحد الوسائل البديلة التي اشتهرت في السنوات الأخيرة لتسوية مختلف النزاعات. وتزامناً مع التطور التكنولوجي الذي شمل مختلف مجالات الحياة ظهر ما يسمى بمحاكم أو هيئات التحكيم الإلكترونية. ومع تحوّل التحكيم إلى الشكل الإلكتروني، برزت إشكالية القانون الواجب التطبيق في عملية التحكيم في مجال المعاملات الدولية وكيفية إعمال القواعد التقليدية لتنازع القوانين والتي تعتمد غالباً على التوطين المكاني أو الجغرافي، وهو ما يتعارض مع الفضاء الذي يمارس التحكيم الإلكتروني أعماله. من هنا جاءت هذه الورقة لمحاولة دراسة القانون الواجب التطبيق على كل مرحلة من مراحل عملية التحكيم الإلكتروني في المعاملات الدولية الإلكترونية؛ بما في ذلك اتفاق التحكيم الإلكتروني وإجراءاته وموضوعه وتنفيذ أحكامه وطرق الطعن فيها، وذلك من خلال تحليل ومقارنة التشريعات المختلفة التي تنظم التحكيم بصفة عامة وإجراءاته ومدى قابليتها للتطبيق على التحكيم الإلكتروني، وكذا دراسة القواعد واللوائح الخاصة بهيئات التحكيم الإلكتروني، وبيان مدى استيعابها أو قصورها بشأن تنظيم التحكيم الإلكتروني، أضف إلى ذلك مناقشة بعض القضايا التي استعملت فيها آلية التحكيم الإلكتروني، وما نتج عنها من أحكام، وما يمكن استنباطه من مبادئ تتعلق بهذا النوع من التحكيم. ولقد خلصت هذه الورقة إلى عدم قدرة قواعد تنازع القوانين التقليدية وحدها على تحديد القانون الواجب التطبيق على التحكيم الإلكتروني، وضرورة إدخال بعض التعديلات على التشريعات المنظمة للتحكيم التقليدي لتشمل التحكيم الإلكتروني وتسهم في حل إشكالاته، لاسيما ما يتعلق منها بالنواحي الإجرائية والشكلية، وكذا أهمية اعتماد معايير جديدة في مجال القانون الواجب التطبيق بخلاف المعايير الجغرافية والمكانية وذلك بهدف مواكبة التطور التكنولوجي في مجال التحكيم الإلكتروني في المعاملات الإلكترونية.
Additional file 3: of The polymyxin B-induced transcriptomic response of a clinical, multidrug-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae involves multiple regulatory elements and intracellular targets
Creators: name: Ramos, Pablo
name: Márlon Custódio
name: Saji, Guadalupe Quispe
name: Thiago Cardoso
name: Gisele Da Silva
name: Braun, Graziela
name: Willames Martins
name: Girardello, Raquel
name: Vasconcelos, Ana De
name: Fernández, Elmer
name: Gales, Ana
name: Nicolás, Marisa
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Scheme of carbon flux in Klebsiella pneumoniae Kp13 under different abiotic conditions and polymyxin B exposure. Description: A) Scheme of carbon flux in Klebsiella pneumoniae Kp13 under fermentative conditions induced by stresses imposed by PB; B) Scheme of carbon flux in Klebsiella pneumoniae Kp13 under fermentative conditions induced by stresses imposed by PB plus abiotic stimuli (High Ca, High Fe, Mg deprivation or Low pH); C) The metabolism of glycerol by Klebsiella pneumoniae under the pressure of PB; D) The metabolism of glycerol by Klebsiella pneumoniae under the pressure of PB plus abiotic stimuli (High Ca, High Fe, Mg deprivation or Low pH). (PDF 145 kb)
Euroleon
Creators: name: Ao, Weiguang
name: Zhang, Xubo
name: Ábrahám, Levente
name: Wang, Xili
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2009
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Neuroptera
Myrmeleontidae
Euroleon

description: Key to Chinese species of Euroleon
1. Wings without colored spot, abdomen black .............................................................................................. E. sjostedti.
- Wings with colored spots, abdomen black or yellow to pale brown .......................................................................... 2.
2. Wings with numerous spots, axillary plate large ........................................................................................... polypilus.
- Wings with a few spots, axillary plate small ............................................................................................................... 3.
3. Spots on face and labrum pale or missing, length of forewing 22–28 mm ................................................... E. parvus.
- Spots on face and labrum dark brown or black, length of forewing longer than 28 mm ........................................... 4.
4. Body black, pronotum black with yellow line medially, some individuals with two submedial apical spots, two lat- eral stems of mediuncus in male genitalia strongly sclerotized and deeply curved as in Figs. 12–14 ...... E. coreanus.
- Body yellow or pale brown, pronotum yellow or pale brown with brown strips, two lateral stems of mediuncus in male genitalia not well-sclerotized and lightly curved as in Figs. 9–11 .................................... E. flavicorpus sp. nov.
description: Published as part of Ao, Weiguang, Zhang, Xubo, Ábrahám, Levente & Wang, Xili, 2009, A new species of the antlion genus Euroleon Esben-Petersen from China (Neuroptera: Myrmeleontidae), pp. 53-56 in Zootaxa 2303 on page 55, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.275322
Phorbas aurantiacus Rützler, Piantoni, Van & Díaz, 2014, new species
Creators: name: Rützler, Klaus
name: Piantoni, Carla
name: Van, Rob W. M.
name: Díaz, Cristina
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Porifera
Demospongiae
Poecilosclerida
Hymedesmiidae
Phorbas
Phorbas aurantiacus

description: Phorbas aurantiacus new species
(Figures 4 b, 36)
Synonymy and references. Phorbas Duchassaing & Michelotti, 1864: van Soest (2002b): 585, fig. 6 (for generic assignment).
Material. Holotype: USNM 1229060, Curlew Bank, forereef slope, framework cave, 21 m; C. Piantoni and M. Parrish col. 23 Aug 2012.
Paratype: USNM 1229061 Carrie Bow Cay, forereef slope, coral rock underside, 30 m; K. Ruetzler col. 26 Apr 1974.
External morphology. Fleshy crust extending over about 30 cm 2, 1– 4 mm thick. Soft consistency, surface covered by low bumps (conules) with 2–4 mm diameter oscules in between, alternating with ostial sieves of about the same size. Live color deep orange red.
Skeleton structure. Tracts of styles echinated by acanthostyles run from the base of the sponge toward the surface; very thin styles fan out from the end of the tracts, giving them a brush-like appearance.
Spicules. Smooth, slender styles with gradually narrowing points; of great size range without falling into distinct categories: 155–590 x 2–10 (221 x 4) Μm; acanthostyles in three size categories, I: 223–410 x 13–21 (324 x 15) Μm; one was observed deformed as a centrotylote acanthoxea; II: 140–190 x 10–15 (151 x 13) Μm; III: 75– 98 x 8–13 (87 x 10) Μm.
Ecology. Forereef cave and on lower surface of coral rubble, 21– 30 m.
Distribution. Belize.
Etymology. The species name reflects the vivid color of the sponge in life, aurantiacus (Latin) = orange.
Comments. In this species the smooth styles replace the tornotes usually encountered in species of Phorbas; the absence of microscleres is within the generic definition.
description: Published as part of Rützler, Klaus, Piantoni, Carla, Van, Rob W. M. & Díaz, Cristina, 2014, Diversity of sponges (Porifera) from cryptic habitats on the Belize barrier reef near Carrie Bow Cay, pp. 1-129 in Zootaxa 3805 (1) on page 66, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3805.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/249983
Iotrochota birotulata Higgin 1877
Creators: name: Rützler, Klaus
name: Piantoni, Carla
name: Van, Rob W. M.
name: Díaz, Cristina
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Porifera
Demospongiae
Poecilosclerida
Iotrochotidae
Iotrochota
Iotrochota birotulata

description: Iotrochota birotulata (Higgin, 1877)
Synonymy and references. Iotrochota birotulata (Higgin, 1877): Rützler et al. (2007): 175, fig. 1–3.
Material. USNM 1229062, Carrie Bow Cay, under concrete dock, 0.5–1; K. Ruetzler, col. 17 Jun 1977. USNM 1229063, Carrie Bow Cay forereef cave wall, 25 m; M. C. Diaz col. 8 Sep 2009. USNM 1229064, Curlew Bank forereef cave, 18 m; C. Piantoni and M. Parrish col. 25 Aug 2012.
External morphology. Thickly encrusting (50 cm 2, 15 mm thick) or stout, creeping branches (12 cm long, 1.5 cm diameter, average), with corrugated, finely conulose surface and a few scattered oscula (> 2 mm). Consistency stiff but elastic, difficult to tear. Color in life dark greenish to brown, golden brown when growing in very dark habitats; turning dark purple in alcohol and secreting a purplish mucus when squeezed.
Skeleton structure. A meshwork of spongin fibers, 200–400 Μm thick, packed with spicules, the primary tracts ending in the surface conules.
Spicules. The fibers are filled with straight or slightly bent strongyles, mixed with a few stout styles (styles I). Interstitial spicules are thin styles (styles II, quite rare) and birotules. Strongyles: 94–256 x 3–7 (172 x 6) Μm; styles I (n=5): 153–175 x 5–8 (161 x 7) Μm; styles II (n=5): 200–154 x 3–5 (230 x 4) Μm; birotules, length: 14–16 (15) Μm.
Ecology. Occurs on the shallow, open reef, cryptic under rocks and in caves, 0.5– 65 m. One cave specimen was almost entirely overgrown by another sponge, Ectyoplasia ferox.
Distribution. Gulf of Mexico, Caribbean, and northeastern Brazil ..
description: Published as part of Rützler, Klaus, Piantoni, Carla, Van, Rob W. M. & Díaz, Cristina, 2014, Diversity of sponges (Porifera) from cryptic habitats on the Belize barrier reef near Carrie Bow Cay, pp. 1-129 in Zootaxa 3805 (1) on pages 66-67, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3805.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/249983
Neocypholaelaps Vitzthum
Creators: name: De, Gilberto J.
name: Narita, João P. Z.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2010
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Mesostigmata
Ameroseiidae
Neocypholaelaps

description: Neocypholaelaps Vitzthum
Cypholaelaps Berlese, 1918: 117.
Neocypholaelaps Vitzthum, 1942: 763. replacement name for Cypholaelaps (preoccupied) Neocypholaelaps.— Evans, 1963a: 210.
Asperolaelaps Womersley, 1956: 534 (synonymy according to Domrow, 1979). Type species: Laelaps ampullula Berlese, 1910.
The following characterisation of the genus is mostly based on Evans (1963a), with slight modifications to accommodate more recently described species. Cheliceral digits edentate or with a single subapical tooth; fixed digit with a transparent lobed structure, probably representing a modified pilus dentilis; epistome with anterior margin serrated; corniculus undivided, convergent, surrounded by a hyaline membrane. Dorsal shield weakly ornamented, with 28, 30 or, most commonly, 29 pairs of setae, of which j1 is generally stout and always barbed. Sternal shield with two pairs of setae; st3 usually inserted on platelets and st4 inserted on unsclerotised cuticle; opistogastric setae always on unsclerotised cuticle. Peritreme usually extending at least up to level of coxa I (between setae j1 and j2). All legs with pulvillus and a pair of well developed claws; leg chaetotaxy (femur, genu, tibia and tarsi, respectively): leg I: 12, 12, 12, -; leg II: 10, 11, 10, 18; leg III: 6, 9, 8, 18; leg IV: 6, 9, 9, 18.
description: Published as part of De, Gilberto J. & Narita, João P. Z., 2010, Description of a new species of Neocypholaelaps (Acari: Ameroseiidae) from Brazil, with a key to the world species, pp. 37-44 in Zootaxa 2554 on page 38, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.196878
Desmacella polysigmata
Creators: name: Rützler, Klaus
name: Piantoni, Carla
name: Van, Rob W. M.
name: Díaz, Cristina
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Porifera
Demospongiae
Poecilosclerida
Desmacellidae
Desmacella
Desmacella polysigmata

description: Desmacella polysigmata van Soest, 1984
Synonymy and references. Desmacella polysigmata van Soest, 1984a: 138, fig 54, pl. 9: 3.
Material. USNM 1229065, Curlew Bank, forereef cave, 21 m; C. Piantoni and M. Parrish col. 21 Aug 2012.
External morphology. Cushion, about 4 cm in diameter and 2 cm thick. Surface partially covered by a web of filamentous red algae and a thin coralline algal crust. There are a few circular, low and porous incurrent papillae and oscula, 3–5 mm in diameter. The sponge is brittle and shows a cavernous interior where broken. The color in life is grayish white.
Skeleton structure. In the ectosome, styloid megascleres placed tangentially, a few perpendicular; numerous microscleres (sigmas). In the choanosome, megascleres in bundles and arranged in halichondrioid fashion, spaces in between densely filled with sigmas.
Spicules. Long, slender styles, many with strongylote modifications (rounded at both ends: 550–880 x 12–18 (639 x 14) Μm; sigmas I: 36–55 (46) Μm; sigmas II: 13–16 (15) Μm.
Ecology. Only one specimen was collected, from a forereef cave in 21 m; a second one from the same habitat was found as overgrowth of Prosuberites carriebowensis. Van Soest (1984a) reported the type found among muddy sand off Barbados, 100 m.
Distribution. Caribbean Sea.
Comments. The megascleres in our specimen are somewhat longer and thinner that those of the type, but all other morphological characteristics agree well with the type description.
description: Published as part of Rützler, Klaus, Piantoni, Carla, Van, Rob W. M. & Díaz, Cristina, 2014, Diversity of sponges (Porifera) from cryptic habitats on the Belize barrier reef near Carrie Bow Cay, pp. 1-129 in Zootaxa 3805 (1) on page 68, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3805.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/249983
Additional file 4: Table S3. of Evolution of East Asia’s Arcto-Tertiary relict Euptelea (Eupteleaceae) shaped by Late Neogene vicariance and Quaternary climate change
Creators: name: Cao, Ya-Nan
name: Comes, Hans
name: Sakaguchi, Shota
name: Lu-Yao Chen
name: Ying-Xiong Qiu
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Plant Biology

description: Chloroplast DNA sequence polymorphisms detected in Euptelea at two IGS and one intron regions, identifying 35 chlorotypes (H1–35). (DOC 251 kb)
Mycale (Grapelia) unguifera Hajdu, Zea, Kielman & Peixinho 1995
Creators: name: Rützler, Klaus
name: Piantoni, Carla
name: Van, Rob W. M.
name: Díaz, Cristina
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Porifera
Demospongiae
Poecilosclerida
Mycalidae
Mycale
Mycale unguifera

description: Mycale (Grapelia) unguifera Hajdu, Zea, Kielman & Peixinho, 1995
Synonymy and References. Mycale (Grapelia) unguifera Hajdu, Zea, Kielman & Peixinho, 1995: 9, figs. 18–30.
Material. USNM 1229067, Curlew Bank forereef slope, small cave, 20 m; C. Piantoni & M. Parrish col. 23 Aug 2012.
External morphology. A thin cushion, 45 x 15 mm (6 cm 2), up to 4 mm thick. The smooth surface shows 5 small (1.5 mm) circular oscula. Consistency is soft and mucous when handled, live color grayish blue.
Skeleton structure. Choanosomal subtylostyles dispersed without orientation, accompanied by various microscleres. Ectosomal subtylostyles more or less tangential, anisocheles in between, some arranged in rosettes.
Spicules. Subtylostyles slender, with elongate, oval heads and mostly dull points: 284–386 x 4–7 (356 x 5) Μm; anisocheles I, with curved shaft, unguiferate head and palmate foot with alae topped by spines: 34–41 (36) Μm; anisocheles II, with curved shaft, head composed of spines of different sizes (no alae recognizable) and palmate foot with alae topped by spines: 15–18 (17) Μm; sigmas, with sharply bent, sharp hooks: 50–53 (52, n=10) Μm.
Ecology. Growing on the wall of a forereef cave, 20 m. Type material is reported from coral bases and rock substrate in 6– 10 m.
Distribution. Caribbean Colombia and Belize.
Comments. Anisocheles III described from the type material were not found in our preparations, otherwise all morphological characteristics and dimensions agree well.
description: Published as part of Rützler, Klaus, Piantoni, Carla, Van, Rob W. M. & Díaz, Cristina, 2014, Diversity of sponges (Porifera) from cryptic habitats on the Belize barrier reef near Carrie Bow Cay, pp. 1-129 in Zootaxa 3805 (1) on page 69, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3805.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/249983
Additional file 1: Figure S1. of Evolution of East Asia’s Arcto-Tertiary relict Euptelea (Eupteleaceae) shaped by Late Neogene vicariance and Quaternary climate change
Creators: name: Cao, Ya-Nan
name: Comes, Hans
name: Sakaguchi, Shota
name: Lu-Yao Chen
name: Ying-Xiong Qiu
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: (a) Map showing the location of places quoted in the text including 26 sampled populations of E. pleiosperma (red dots) and 10 sampled populations of E. polyandra (blue dots). More information about the sampled populations is available in Additional file 2: Table S1. (b) Fossil records of extinct and potentially extant (‘Euptelea-like’) species of Eupteleaceae in North America and East Asia [2]. (PDF 1037 kb)
Mycale (Carmia) microsigmatosa Arndt 1827
Creators: name: Rützler, Klaus
name: Piantoni, Carla
name: Van, Rob W. M.
name: Díaz, Cristina
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Porifera
Demospongiae
Poecilosclerida
Mycalidae
Mycale
Mycale microsigmatosa

description: Mycale (Carmia) microsigmatosa Arndt, 1827
Synonymy and references. Mycale (Carmia) microsigmatosa Arndt, 1827: van Soest (1984a): 24, fig. 7, pl. 2: 6; Hajdu & Rützler (1998): 758, figs. 12, 13, 17f.
Material. USNM 1229066, Carrie Bow Cay, south back reef, lower surface of platy coral rubble, 1 m; K. Ruetzler col. 17 Aug 2012.
External morphology. A thin (2–4 mm) incrustation over about 25 cm 2 of rock surface. Soft consistency, scattered oscula (1–2 mm) at the ends of subectosomal canals. The base color is a light orange, but enhanced by clusters of dark orange pigment grains throughout the tissue.
Skeleton structure. No ectosomal specialization, mostly single megascleres and sigmas. Dendritic tracts of megascleres lead from the sponge base toward the surface, with microscleres scattered among them.
Spicules. Subtylostyles with oval heads not much wider than the center of the shaft: 221–310 x 4–6 (294 x 5) Μm; anisocheles I: 17–20 (18) Μm; anisocheles II: 8–13 (1) Μm; sigmas, a small percentage s-shaped: 25–80 (51) Μm.
Ecology. Occurrence on the wave-exposed back reef is rare, the species is mostly found in lagoon and mangrove habitats; 0.5–1.5 m.
Distribution. Bermuda, Bahamas, Gulf of Mexico, and throughout the Caribbean.
Comments. The clusters of dark orange pigment grains in pale, translucent tissue are unique to this species.
description: Published as part of Rützler, Klaus, Piantoni, Carla, Van, Rob W. M. & Díaz, Cristina, 2014, Diversity of sponges (Porifera) from cryptic habitats on the Belize barrier reef near Carrie Bow Cay, pp. 1-129 in Zootaxa 3805 (1) on page 68, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3805.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/249983
Additional file 10: Figure S5. of Evolution of East Asia’s Arcto-Tertiary relict Euptelea (Eupteleaceae) shaped by Late Neogene vicariance and Quaternary climate change
Creators: name: Cao, Ya-Nan
name: Comes, Hans
name: Sakaguchi, Shota
name: Lu-Yao Chen
name: Ying-Xiong Qiu
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Box-plots of 19 BIOCLIM variables and results of t-tests for two cpDNA lineages of E. pleiosperma in China (W: western populations; CE: central-eastern populations). Each box plot shows the maximum, 75th percentile, 25th percentile, and minimum value around the median value for each population group (‘lineage’). (PDF 392 kb)
Additional file 6: Table S5. of Evolution of East Asiaâ  s Arcto-Tertiary relict Euptelea (Eupteleaceae) shaped by Late Neogene vicariance and Quaternary climate change
Creators: name: Cao, Ya-Nan
name: Comes, Hans
name: Sakaguchi, Shota
name: Lu-Yao Chen
name: Ying-Xiong Qiu
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Mean estimates of genetic diversity and differentiation at eight nuclear microsatellite loci surveyed across 33 Euptelea populations (marked with an asterisk in Additional file 2: Table S1). (DOC 30Â kb)
Additional file 9: Figure S4. of Evolution of East Asiaâ  s Arcto-Tertiary relict Euptelea (Eupteleaceae) shaped by Late Neogene vicariance and Quaternary climate change
Creators: name: Cao, Ya-Nan
name: Comes, Hans
name: Sakaguchi, Shota
name: Lu-Yao Chen
name: Ying-Xiong Qiu
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Box-plots of 19 BIOCLIM variables and results of t-tests for 26 populations of E. pleiosperma in China and 10 populations of E. polyandra in Japan. Each box plot shows the maximum, 75th percentile, 25th percentile, and minimum value around the median value for each species. (PDF 443Â kb)
Mycale (Mycale) laevis Carter 1882
Creators: name: Rützler, Klaus
name: Piantoni, Carla
name: Van, Rob W. M.
name: Díaz, Cristina
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Porifera
Demospongiae
Poecilosclerida
Mycalidae
Mycale
Mycale laevis

description: Mycale (Mycale) laevis (Carter, 1882)
Synonymy and References. Mycale (Mycale) laevis (Carter, 1882): van Soest (1984a): 14, fig. 2, pl. 1, 1–4; Hajdu & Rützler (1998): 763, figs. 14, 15.
Material. USNM 1229068, Carrie Bow South back reef, lower surface of rock slab; 1 m; K. Ruetzler col. 13 Mar 0 9.
External morphology. A crust covering 35 cm 2, 3 mm thick. Surface rough to the touch, with scattered and slightly elevated 2 mm oscula. Color greenish yellow.
Skeleton structure. In the ectosome, megascleres occur more or less tangentially with microscleres in between. In the choanosome, most megascleres form dendritic tracts, along with many loose spicules that occur without orientation.
Spicules. Slim subtylostyles, with elongate oval heads, more or less sharply pointed: 379–530 x 8–15 (495 x12) Μm; anisocheles I: 45–56 (51) Μm; anisocheles II, with foot reduced to a hook and a downward spur: 12–15 (14) Μm; sigma I: 36–40 (38) Μm; sigma II: 14–17 (16) Μm; raphids in two size classes, all about 0.8 µm or less thick and bundled as trichodragmas, I: 44–80 (66) Μm; raphids II: 19–24 (21) Μm.
Ecology. The described specimen was cryptic under coral rubble on the shallow reef, but the species is more commonly observed at the base of forereef corals, also on mangrove stilt roots in well-flushed mangrove channels, 1– 25 m.
Distribution. Caribbean, including the Gulf of Mexico.
Comments. Spicule dimensions are small compared to previously described material. This is considered a young specimen of this common forereef species.
description: Published as part of Rützler, Klaus, Piantoni, Carla, Van, Rob W. M. & Díaz, Cristina, 2014, Diversity of sponges (Porifera) from cryptic habitats on the Belize barrier reef near Carrie Bow Cay, pp. 1-129 in Zootaxa 3805 (1) on page 69, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3805.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/249983
Additional file 5: Table S4. of Evolution of East Asia’s Arcto-Tertiary relict Euptelea (Eupteleaceae) shaped by Late Neogene vicariance and Quaternary climate change
Creators: name: Cao, Ya-Nan
name: Comes, Hans
name: Sakaguchi, Shota
name: Lu-Yao Chen
name: Ying-Xiong Qiu
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: ITS sequence polymorphisms detected in Euptelea at ITS1 and ITS2 (the 5.8S excluded) regions and identifying 10 ribotypes (R1–10). (DOC 63 kb)
Additional file 2: Table S1. of Evolution of East Asiaâ  s Arcto-Tertiary relict Euptelea (Eupteleaceae) shaped by Late Neogene vicariance and Quaternary climate change
Creators: name: Cao, Ya-Nan
name: Comes, Hans
name: Sakaguchi, Shota
name: Lu-Yao Chen
name: Ying-Xiong Qiu
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Geographic and genetic characteristics of 26 E. pleiosperma and 10 E. polyandra populations used in this study. (DOC 130Â kb)
Additional file 7: Figure S2. of Evolution of East Asiaâ  s Arcto-Tertiary relict Euptelea (Eupteleaceae) shaped by Late Neogene vicariance and Quaternary climate change
Creators: name: Cao, Ya-Nan
name: Comes, Hans
name: Sakaguchi, Shota
name: Lu-Yao Chen
name: Ying-Xiong Qiu
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: structure results for identifying the optimal number of clusters (K) among 440 individuals (36 populations) of Euptelea based on nSSR data. The number of K was varied from 1 to 36 in 10 independent runs. The dot plot indicates the mean posterior probability [lnP(D)] for each value of K [64], and the superimposed line diagram represents the corresponding Î K statistics calculated according to Evanno et al. [65]. (PDF 337Â kb)
Doloisia (Doloisia) donghai Xu and Wen 1984
Creators: name: Nielsen, David H.
name: Robbins, Richard G.
name: Rueda, Leopoldo M.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Actinedida
Trombiculidae
Doloisia
Doloisia donghai

description: Doloisia (Doloisia) donghai Xu and Wen, 1984:
PAL
description: Published as part of Nielsen, David H., Robbins, Richard G. & Rueda, Leopoldo M., 2021, Annotated world checklist of the Trombiculidae and Leeuwenhoekiidae (1758 - 2021) (Acari: Trombiculoidea), with notes on nomenclature, taxonomy, and distribution, pp. 1-243 in Zootaxa 4967 (1) on page 49, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4967.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4745510
Merlia deficiens Vacelet 1980
Creators: name: Rützler, Klaus
name: Piantoni, Carla
name: Van, Rob W. M.
name: Díaz, Cristina
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Porifera
Demospongiae
Poecilosclerida
Merliidae
Merlia
Merlia deficiens

description: Merlia deficiens Vacelet, 1980
Synonymy and references. Merlia deficiens Vacelet, 1980: van Soest, 1984b: 211, figs. 1–5.
Material. This species was observed by our colleague Philippe Willenz (Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, Bruxelles, Belgium) during a survey of small forereef caves between South Water Cay and Curlew Bank, 24–39 m, in April 1987. No specimens were collected for Museum deposit.
Ecology. Cryptic, in dark parts of caves and on reefs (Vacelet, 1980), 5– 39 m.
Distribution. Mediterranean and Caribbean.
Comments. Characteristic spicules (clavidiscs combined with tylostyles) found as foreign components in other sponges collected in forereef caves probably originated from this species during episodes of overgrowth.
The view of synonymizing Merlia deficiens with M. normani is no longer upheld (van Soest et al., 2013b).
description: Published as part of Rützler, Klaus, Piantoni, Carla, Van, Rob W. M. & Díaz, Cristina, 2014, Diversity of sponges (Porifera) from cryptic habitats on the Belize barrier reef near Carrie Bow Cay, pp. 1-129 in Zootaxa 3805 (1) on page 70, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3805.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/249983
Additional file 3: Table S2. of Evolution of East Asia’s Arcto-Tertiary relict Euptelea (Eupteleaceae) shaped by Late Neogene vicariance and Quaternary climate change
Creators: name: Cao, Ya-Nan
name: Comes, Hans
name: Sakaguchi, Shota
name: Lu-Yao Chen
name: Ying-Xiong Qiu
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Ecology
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: GenBank accession numbers of newly obtained cpDNA and ITS sequences (prefix ‘KR’), and some downloaded sequences from GenBank used in the present study. (DOC 158 kb)
Cotylegaleatidae
Creators: name: De, Willem H.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2007
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Rotifera
Eurotatoria
Ploima
Cotylegaleatidae

description: Cotylegaleatidae fam. nov.
Diagnosis. Mouth-opening surrounded by hollow cup-shaped structure, head covered by non-retractile shield, distal foot pseudosegment with two toes and two ventro-lateral spurs, vitellarium J-shaped, trophi specialized virgate with two stiletto-shaped epipharyngeal elements.
Description. External morphology bilaterally symmetrical, with small head, large trunk, and long foot with two toes. Mouth opening antero-ventrally in a circular oral field lacking cilia. The oral field is part of a cup-shaped structure. Corona reduced, antero-dorsally from cup-shaped structure. Head covered by stiffened, non-retractile shield. Trunk with shallow lateral sulci. Foot with two toes and two ventro-lateral spurs. Vitellarium tubular, J-shaped. Trophi virgate, with two stiletto-shaped epipharyngeal sclerites.
Type genus. Cotylegaleata gen. nov.
Etymology. The name is derived from the type genus Cotylegaleata gen. nov.
description: Published as part of De, Willem H., 2007, Cotylegaleatidae, a new family of Ploima (Rotifera: Monogononta), for Cotylegaleata perplexa gen. et sp. nov., from freshwater benthos of Belgium, pp. 35-43 in Zootaxa 1425 on page 36, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.175724
Cotylegaleata De, 2007, gen. nov.
Creators: name: De, Willem H.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2007
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Rotifera
Eurotatoria
Ploima
Cotylegaleatidae
Cotylegaleata

description: Cotylegaleata gen. nov.
Diagnosis. Characters as for the the family.
Type species. Cotylegaleata perplexa gen. et sp. nov. by monotypy.
Etymology. From the Greek cotyledon: cup-shaped hollow, sucker, and the Latin galeata: helmed, referring to the shape of the mouth region, and the shield covering the head.
description: Published as part of De, Willem H., 2007, Cotylegaleatidae, a new family of Ploima (Rotifera: Monogononta), for Cotylegaleata perplexa gen. et sp. nov., from freshwater benthos of Belgium, pp. 35-43 in Zootaxa 1425 on page 36, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.175724