cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Connecting the metallicity dependence and redshift evolution of high-mass X-ray binaries
Creators: name: Fornasini, Francesca M.
name: Civano, Francesca
name: Suh, Hyewon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The integrated X-ray luminosity ($L_{\mathrm{X}}$) of high-mass X-ray binaries (HMXBs) in a galaxy is correlated with its star formation rate (SFR), and the normalization of this correlation increases with redshift. Population synthesis models suggest that the redshift evolution of $L_{\mathrm{X}}$/SFR is driven by the metallicity ($Z$) dependence of HMXBs, and the first direct evidence of this connection was recently presented using galaxies at $z\sim2$. To confirm this result with more robust measurements and better constrain the $L_{\mathrm{X}}$-SFR-$Z$ relation, we have studied the $Z$ dependence of $L_{\mathrm{X}}$/SFR at lower redshifts. Using samples of star-forming galaxies at $z=0.1-0.9$ with optical spectra from the hCOSMOS and zCOSMOS surveys, we stacked \textit{Chandra} data from the COSMOS Legacy survey to measure the average $L_{\mathrm{X}}$/SFR as a function of $Z$ in three redshift ranges: $z=0.1-0.25$, $0.25-0.4$, and $0.5-0.9$. We find no significant variation of the $L_{\mathrm{X}}$-SFR-$Z$ relation with redshift. Our results provide further evidence that the $Z$ dependence of HMXBs is responsible for the redshift evolution of $L_{\mathrm{X}}$/SFR. Combining all available $z>0$ measurements together, we derive a best-fitting $L_{\mathrm{X}}$-SFR-$Z$ relation and assess how different population synthesis models describe the data. These results provide the strongest constraints to date on the $L_{\mathrm{X}}$-SFR-$Z$ relation in the range of $8.0
description: 13 pages, 7 figures, 2 tables
Environment, irreversibility and optimal effluent standards
Creators: name: Jou, Jyh-Bang
name: Jou, Jyh-Bang
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2004
Subjects: Environmental Economics and Policy

description: The present article investigates the use of performance standards to correct environmental externalities. Each firm in an industry emits waste in the production process, and, in turn, the average waste emissions of the industry adversely affect the firm's productivity. The firm, which incurs sunk costs when employing capital to abate waste emissions, is uncertain about the efficiency of capital. The firm will underestimate environmental externalities and will therefore pollute more than is socially efficient. To correct this tendency, the regulator can set a limit on either emissions or the emission‐output ratio at the socially efficient level. The firm will invest more, produce more, and pollute less when the regulator implements the former than when the regulator implements the latter.
Implementable Quantum Bit-String Commitment Protocol
Creators: name: Tsurumaru, Toyohiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum bit-string commitment[A.Kent, Phys.Rev.Lett., 90, 237901 (2003)] or QBSC is a variant of bit commitment (BC). In this paper, we propose a new QBSC protocol that can be implemented using currently available technology, and prove its security under the same security criteria as discussed by Kent. QBSC is a generalization of BC, but has slightly weaker requirements, and our proposed protocol is not intended to break the no-go theorem of quantum BC.
description: To appear in Phys. Rev. A., 9 pages, 2 figures
Nautical Narratives on the Island of Newfoundland: Exploring the Fishing Industry and Reimagining Changing Futures
Creators: name: Drodge, Kassandra
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2024
Subjects: Fisheries
Socio-Ecological Systems
Disruption
Narratives
Industrial Systems
Newfoundland
Labour
Policy

description: Thirty (30) years have passed since the cod collapse in Newfoundland and Labrador. The cod collapse left fifteen thousand (15,000) people who made a living off harvesting and processing cod without jobs, and almost eliminated a singular fish species from Newfoundland and Labrador (Bavington, 2010). The cod collapse created many policy changes and ripples of generational disruption in individual livelihoods and inshore/coastal fishing practices among families. Harvesting cod from the waters of Newfoundland goes back for hundreds of years, and many fishers and coastal communities still depend on it today. A significant amount of research on the history of cod fishing, the 1992 cod collapse, and the almost annihilation of a species (Bavington, 2010); but there is room to further explore how local fishers and fishing communities live today. I argue that there is a need to increase local consultation during inshore/coastal fishery policy amendment processes and local engagement with environmental assessment methods in Newfoundland specifically. The thesis critically breaks down industrial ecological systems and looks at how industrial fishing has created a series of policies, regulations, and systems that have historically influenced the contingency of the inshore/coastal fishery. The local stories captured in this thesis represent hopeful futures that reconcile ways to resolve problems within regulatory fishing systems and highlight individual and collective frustrations with licensing, fishing regions, catch quotas, and environmental assessments that inform policy.
The pass-through of exchange rate changes to the prices of Australian exports of dairy and livestock products
Creators: name: Swift, Robyn
name: Swift, Robyn
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2004
Subjects: International Relations/Trade
Livestock Production/Industries

description: Agricultural exports are usually assumed to operate in perfectly competitive international markets, but many are subject to non‐tariff barriers to trade that can affect the degree of pass‐through of exchange rate changes to foreign currency prices. The present study uses multivariate cointegration techniques to examine the effects of exchange rate changes on the prices of Australian exports of milk products, cheese, beef, sheepmeat, and hides and skins. The results indicate that Australian dairy exports operate in competitive markets in which pass‐through is complete, but there is no stable long‐run relationship between exchange rates and prices for any of the other livestock products.
Showajidaia Korshunova & Fletcher & Picton & Lundin & Kashio & Sanamyan & Sanamyan & Padula & Schrödl & Martynov 2020, GEN. NOV.
Creators: name: Korshunova, Tatiana
name: Fletcher, Karin
name: Picton, Bernard
name: Lundin, Kennet
name: Kashio, Sho
name: Sanamyan, Nadezhda
name: Sanamyan, Karen
name: Padula, Vinicius
name: Schrödl, Michael
name: Martynov, Alexander
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Mollusca
Gastropoda
Nudibranchia
Showajidaiidae
Showajidaia

description: SHOWAJIDAIA KORSHUNOVA ET AL., GEN. NOV.
Type species: Cadlina sagamiensis Baba, 1937.
LSID: urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 55E2348F-A160- 47CC-8B38-1671506E1171
Etymology: From the Japanese Shōwa jidai (昭和時代) meaning ‘Shōwa era’ corresponding to the reign of the Shōwa Emperor Hirohito in reference to the collection of the type material for the type species of this genus C. sagamiensis by Hirohito.
Diagnosis: As the family Showajidaiidae.
Remarks: See Discussion.
description: Published as part of Korshunova, Tatiana, Fletcher, Karin, Picton, Bernard, Lundin, Kennet, Kashio, Sho, Sanamyan, Nadezhda, Sanamyan, Karen, Padula, Vinicius, Schrödl, Michael & Martynov, Alexander, 2020, The Emperor's Cadlina, hidden diversity and gill cavity evolution: new insights for the taxonomy and phylogeny of dorid nudibranchs (Mollusca: Gastropoda), pp. 762-827 in Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 189 on page 808
Feasibility of Net Energy Gain in Kinematic Nuclear Fusion Devices
Creators: name: Tsiper, E. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A design principle is suggested to overcome obstacles that prevent positive net energy output in nuclear fusion devices based on electrostatically accelerated ions. Since Coulomb scattering cross-section dwarfs that of nuclear fusion, the focus is on re-capturing energy of elastically scattered ions before the energy is lost to heat. Device configuration to achieve efficient energy re-capturing is proposed and a favorable estimate of net energy gain is obtained.
description: 4 pages, 0 figures
Breakdown of Kolmogorov scaling in models of cluster aggregation with deposition
Creators: name: Connaughton, Colm
name: Rajesh, R.
name: Zaboronski, Oleg
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The steady state of the model of cluster aggregation with deposition is characterized by a constant flux of mass directed from small masses towards large masses. It can therefore be studied using phenomenological theories of turbulence, such as Kolmogorov's 1941 theory. On the other hand, the large scale behavior of the aggregation model in dimensions lower than or equal to two is governed by a perturbative fixed point of the renormalization group flow, which enables an analytic study of the scaling properties of correlation functions in the steady state. In this paper, we show that the correlation functions have multifractal scaling, which violates linear Kolmogorov scaling. The analytical results are verified by Monte Carlo simulations.
description: 5 pages 4 figures
Carmeli's accelerating universe is spatially flat without dark matter
Creators: name: Hartnett, J. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Carmeli's 5D brane cosmology has been applied to the expanding accelerating universe and it has been found that the distance redshift relation will fit the data of the high-z supernova teams without the need for dark matter. Also the vacuum energy contribution to gravity indicates that the universe is asymptotically expanding towards a spatially flat state, where the total mass/energy density tends to unity.
description: 4 pages, 5 figures, accepted for publication in Int. J. Theor. Physics, this paper is based on an invited talk at FFP6, Udine, Italy, Sept 2004
title: 03_0599
Creators: name: Wesley Baldwin, John
name: Baldwin, John W.
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: LaMOP
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris

description: L'ensemble de ces notes ont été crée par John Baldwin lors d'une de ses premières périodes de résidence à Paris. Ces documents comprennent tous les magistri qu’il avait pu rencontrer dans ses sources. Aux XIIème et XIIIème siècles, les universités n'existant pas encore, le titre de magister s'il évoque certainement une compétence n'est pas rattaché de façon systématique au passage par les écoles. De surcroît, les magistris sont le plus souvent désignés par leur seul prénom. La lecture de ces données est donc difficile et suppose un long travail pour tenter d'identifier un individu auquel on pourrait rattacher plusieurs mentions. John Baldwin avait donc renoncé à utiliser ces données pour donner un prolongement à sa magnifique étude sur les gradués d'université et leur emploi par les Capétiens et les Plantagenêts. Néanmoins, il a conservé ces données et elles sont potentiellement très utile dans le cadre de Studium, comme le sont toutes les mentions dans les volumes des Fasti Ecclesiae Gallicanae de chanoines portant ce titre de magister sans autres précisions. L'ampleur des dépouillements rend ces données très utiles et nous devons une grande reconnaissance à John Baldwin pour avoir pris la peine de faire photocopier ses fiches et de nous les avoir transmises amicalement.
Les données ainsi que les images des fiches sont accessibles sur le site Internet à l'adresse suivante : http://studium-baldwin.lamop.fr/.
Les transcriptions des fiches ont été effectuées par des étudiants de Paris 1 Panthéon - Sorbonne mais elles n'ont pas été corrigées par la suite.
description: Relation: https://lamop.hypotheses.org/
Additional file 2 of Repetitive DNA profile of the amphibian mitogenome
Creators: name: Cabañas, Noel
name: Becerra, Arturo
name: Romero, David
name: Tzipe Govezensky
name: Espinosa-Aguirre, Jesús Javier
name: Camacho-Carranza, Rafael
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 2: Figure S2. Empirical distributions of the Abundance of repeat sequences with lengths from 5 to 20 bp.
Additional file 1 of Fuzzy cognitive mapping and soft models of indigenous knowledge on maternal health in Guerrero, Mexico
Creators: name: Sarmiento, Ivan
name: Paredes-Solís, Sergio
name: Loutfi, David
name: Dion, Anna
name: Cockcroft, Anne
name: Andersson, Neil
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1. Adjacency matrix of the final map showing categories of risk factors for maternal health in the South of Guerrero.
Tunneling spectroscopy as a probe of fractionalization in 2D magnetic heterostructures
Creators: name: Carrega, Matteo
name: Vera-Marun, Ivan J.
name: Principi, Alessandro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we develop the theory for 2D-to-2D tunneling spectroscopy aided by magnetic or quantum-order excitations, and apply it to the description of van-der-Waals heterostructures of graphene/ultrathin $α-{\rm RuCl}_3$. We study the behavior of both the differential conductance and the inelastic electron tunneling spectrum (IETS) of these heterostructures. The IETS in particular exhibits features, such as the gap of continuum spinon excitations and Majorana bound states, whose energies scale {\it cubicly} with the applied magnetic field. Such scaling, which exists for a relatively wide range of fields, is at odds with the linear one exhibited by conventional magnons and can be used to prove the existence of Kitaev quantum spin liquids.
description: 13 pages main, 13 pages appendices, 9 figures
Photoassociative spectroscopy at long range in ultracold strontium
Creators: name: Nagel, S. B.
name: Mickelson, P. G.
name: Saenz, A. D.
name: Martinez, Y. N.
name: Chen, Y. C.
name: Killian, T. C.
name: Pellegrini, P.
name: Cote, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report photoassociative spectroscopy of $^{88}$Sr$_2$ in a magneto-optical trap operating on the ${^1S_0}\to{^3P_1}$ intercombination line at 689 nm. Photoassociative transitions are driven with a laser red-detuned by 600-2400 MHz from the ${^1S_0}\to{^1P_1}$ atomic resonance at 461 nm. Photoassociation takes place at extremely large internuclear separation, and the photoassociative spectrum is strongly affected by relativistic retardation. A fit of the transition frequencies determines the ${^1P_1}$ atomic lifetime ($τ=5.22 \pm 0.03$ ns) and resolves a discrepancy between experiment and recent theoretical calculations.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures, submitted
Showajidaia sagamiensis Korshunova & Fletcher & Picton & Lundin & Kashio & Sanamyan & Sanamyan & Padula & Schrödl & Martynov 2020, COMB. NOV.
Creators: name: Korshunova, Tatiana
name: Fletcher, Karin
name: Picton, Bernard
name: Lundin, Kennet
name: Kashio, Sho
name: Sanamyan, Nadezhda
name: Sanamyan, Karen
name: Padula, Vinicius
name: Schrödl, Michael
name: Martynov, Alexander
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Mollusca
Gastropoda
Nudibranchia
Showajidaiidae
Showajidaia
Showajidaia sagamiensis

description: SHOWAJIDAIA SAGAMIENSIS (BABA, 1937) COMB. NOV.
(FIGS 2, 18, 19)
description: Published as part of Korshunova, Tatiana, Fletcher, Karin, Picton, Bernard, Lundin, Kennet, Kashio, Sho, Sanamyan, Nadezhda, Sanamyan, Karen, Padula, Vinicius, Schrödl, Michael & Martynov, Alexander, 2020, The Emperor's Cadlina, hidden diversity and gill cavity evolution: new insights for the taxonomy and phylogeny of dorid nudibranchs (Mollusca: Gastropoda), pp. 762-827 in Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 189 on page 808
Groundwater Policy Research: Collaboration with Groundwater Conservation Districts in Texas
Creators: name: Johnson, Jeffrey W.
name: Johnson, Phillip N.
name: Guerrero, Bridget L.
name: Weinheimer, Justin
name: Amosson, Stephen H.
name: Almas, Lal K.
name: Golden, Bill B.
name: Wheeler-Cook, Erin
name: Johnson, Jeffrey W.
name: Johnson, Phillip N.
name: Guerrero, Bridget L.
name: Weinheimer, Justin
name: Amosson, Stephen H.
name: Almas, Lal K.
name: Golden, Bill B.
name: Wheeler-Cook, Erin
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: groundwater economics
subject: Ogallala Aquifer

description: The unique nature of the Ogallala Aquifer presents interesting and confounding problems for water policymakers who are coping with changing groundwater rules in Texas. The purpose of this article is to link previous efforts in water policy research for the Ogallala Aquifer in Texas with current collaborations that are ongoing with regional water planners. A chronological progression of economic water modeling efforts for the region is reviewed. The results of two recent collaborative studies are presented that provide estimates of impacts of alternative policies on groundwater saturated thickness, water use, net farm income, and regional economic activities.
Choosing a Cigarette Brand: Determining the Value of Countermarketing Information to Smokers Using Field Auctions
Creators: name: Rousu, Matthew C.
name: Nonnemaker, James
name: Farrelly, Matthew
name: Rousu, Matthew C.
name: Nonnemaker, James
name: Farrelly, Matthew
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: experimental auctions
subject: field experiments

description: Information about cigarettes can help smokers come to an informed decision about what cigarettes to purchase. Countermarketing information can help smokers make informed decisions, but little is known about the value of this information to smokers. In this article, we use data from experimental auctions to estimate the value of countermarketing information that counters industry claims about reduced-risk cigarettes. We find that this information has significant value to smokers who have been exposed to marketing information from tobacco companies touting reduced-risk cigarettes, but we find no evidence it provides value to smokers not exposed to this marketing information.
XMM-Newton observation of the Seyfert 1.8 ESO 113-G010: discovery of a highly redshifted iron line at 5.4 keV
Creators: name: Porquet, D.
name: Reeves, J. N.
name: Uttley, P.
name: Turner, T. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a spectral analysis of the Seyfert 1.8 ESO 113-G010 observed with XMM-Newton for 4 ks. The spectrum shows a soft excess below 0.7 keV and more interestingly a narrow emission Gaussian line at 5.4 keV (in its rest-frame), most probably originating from a redshifted iron Kalpha line. No significant line at or above 6.4 keV is found contrary to other objects showing redshifted lines, ruling out a strong blue-wing to the line profile. The line is detected at 99% confidence, from performing Monte Carlo simulations which fully account for the range of energies where a narrow iron line is likely to occur. The energy of the line could indicate emission from relativistic (0.17 - 0.23 c) ejected matter moving away from the observer, as proposed for Mrk 766 by Turner et al. (2004). Alternatively, the emission from a narrow annulus at the surface of the accretion disk is unlikely due to the very small inclination angle (i.e. less than 10 deg) required to explain the narrow, redshifted line in this intermediate Seyfert galaxy. However emission from a small, localized hot-spot on the disk, occurring within a fraction of a complete disk orbit, could also explain the redshifted line. This scenario would be directly testable in a longer observation, as one would see significant variations in the energy and intensity of the line within an orbital timescale.
description: A&A, accepted (5 pages, 5 figures), (The html abstract was truncated by error in the first submission, the .ps and .pdf files are strictly identical between the first and the second submissions)
Spitzer Variability Properties of Low-Gravity L Dwarfs
Creators: name: Vos, Johanna M.
name: Biller, Beth A.
name: Allers, Katelyn N.
name: Faherty, Jacqueline K.
name: Liu, Michael C.
name: Metchev, Stanimir
name: Eriksson, Simon
name: Manjavacas, Elena
name: Dupuy, Trent J.
name: Janson, Markus
name: Radigan-Hoffman, Jacqueline
name: Crossfield, Ian
name: Bonnefoy, Mickael
name: Best, William M. J.
name: Homeier, Derek
name: Schlieder, Joshua E.
name: Brandner, Wolfgang
name: Henning, Thomas
name: Bonavita, Mariangela
name: Buenzli, Esther
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present \textit{Spitzer Space Telescope} variability monitoring observations of three low-gravity L dwarfs with previous detections of variability in the near-IR, 2MASS J0045+16, 2MASS J0501-00 and 2MASS J1425-36. We detect significant, periodic variability in two of our targets, 2MASS J0045+16 and 2MASS J0501-00. We do not detect variability in 2MASS J1425-36. Combining our new rotation periods with rotational velocities, we calculate inclination angles of $22\pm1^{\circ}$, ${60^{+13 }_{-8}} ^{\circ}$ and $52^{+19}_{-13}~^{\circ}$ for 2MASS J0045+16, 2MASS J0501-00 and 2MASS J1425-36 respectively. Our three new objects are consistent with the tentative relations between inclination, amplitude and color anomaly previously reported. Objects with the highest variability amplitudes are inclined equator-on, while the maximum observed amplitude decreases as the inclination angle decreases. We also find a correlation between the inclination angle and $(J-K)_{\mathrm{2MASS}}$ color anomaly for the sample of objects with measured inclinations. Compiling the entire sample of brown dwarfs with \textit{Spitzer} variability detections, we find no enhancement in amplitude for young, early-L dwarfs compared to the field dwarf population. We find a possible enhancement in amplitude of low-gravity late-L dwarfs at $4.5~μ$m. We do not find a correlation between amplitude ratio and spectral type for field dwarfs or for the young population. Finally, we compile the rotation periods of a large sample of brown dwarfs with ages 1 Myr to 1 Gyr and compare the rotation rates predicted by evolutionary models assuming angular momentum conservation. We find that the rotation rates of the current sample of brown dwarfs fall within the expected range set by evolutionary models and breakup limits.
description: Accepted for publication in AJ
An Application of Quantum Finite Automata to Interactive Proof Systems
Creators: name: Nishimura, Harumichi
name: Yamakami, Tomoyuki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Computational Complexity (cs.CC)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Quantum finite automata have been studied intensively since their introduction in late 1990s as a natural model of a quantum computer with finite-dimensional quantum memory space. This paper seeks their direct application to interactive proof systems in which a mighty quantum prover communicates with a quantum-automaton verifier through a common communication cell. Our quantum interactive proof systems are juxtaposed to Dwork-Stockmeyer's classical interactive proof systems whose verifiers are two-way probabilistic automata. We demonstrate strengths and weaknesses of our systems and further study how various restrictions on the behaviors of quantum-automaton verifiers affect the power of quantum interactive proof systems.
description: This is an extended version of the conference paper in the Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Implementation and Application of Automata, Lecture Notes in Computer Science, Springer-Verlag, Kingston, Canada, July 22-24, 2004
EL PAPEL DE LA AGRICULTURA EN LA REDUCCIÓN DE LA POBREZA
Creators: name: Brown, William J.
name: Brown, William J.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Growth in agriculture
subject: poverty reduction
subject: government policy.

description: There are 2.6 billion people in the world that earn less than $2USD/day and over three quarters of them acquire their living either directly from agriculture production or are very closely associated with it. Economic growth in the agriculture and rural sectors is more important than economic growth in non-agricultural sectors in reducing poverty in many developing countries. Governments in developing countries should make sure that the conditions for economic growth are provided and support the agricultural and rural sectors through the conduct of research that is appropriate for the conditions within developing economies. Developed economies should continue to reduce their support for their own agriculture or change it so that it is trade neutral and developing economies are not adversely affected. The transfer of financial resources directly to the poor either though remittances from relatives working abroad or from governments through schemes like food stamps or cash transfers should be considered.
Better cloth through unbiased strain limiting and physics-aware subdivision
Creators: name: Tsiknis, Konstantinos Dinos
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: The ongoing challenge of cloth simulation in both interactive applications and film (where animators generally use iterative design, rerunning a simulation many times with different parameters) is speed. Current methods to allow large time steps do not have guarantees on stability and/or consistency with respect to physical parameters; we correct this with a new unbiased strain limiting scheme which is order and mesh independent. We also propose a physics-aware subdivision scheme which adds missing wrinkle and fold detail to coarse mesh simulations in a quasi-static way, making the use of faster and more easily-controlled coarse meshes more practical.
Finding Small and Large k-Clique Instances on a Quantum Computer
Creators: name: Metwalli, Sara Ayman
name: Gall, Francois Le
name: Van Meter, Rodney
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Algorithms for triangle-finding, the smallest nontrivial instance of the k-clique problem, have been proposed for quantum computers. Still, those algorithms assume the use of fixed access time quantum RAM (QRAM). We present a practical gate-based approach to both the triangle-finding problem and its NP-hard k-clique generalization. We examine both constant factors for near-term implementation on a Noisy Intermediate Scale Quantum computer (NISQ) device, and the scaling of the problem to evaluate long-term use of quantum computers. We compare the time complexity and circuit practicality of the theoretical approach and actual implementation. We propose and apply two different strategies to the k-clique problem, examining the circuit size of Qiskit implementations. We analyze our implementations by simulating triangle finding with various error models, observing the effect on damping the amplitude of the correct answer, and compare to execution on six real IBMQ machines. Finally, we estimate the date when the methods proposed can run effectively on an actual device based on IBM's quantum volume exponential growth forecast and the results of our error analysis.
F-term strings in the Bogomol'nyi limit are also BPS states
Creators: name: Achucarro, A.
name: Urrestilla, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive the Bogomol'nyi equations for supersymmetric Abelian F-term cosmic strings in four-dimensional flat space and show that, contrary to recent statements in the literature, they are BPS states in the Bogomol'nyi limit, but the partial breaking of supersymmetry is from N=2. The second supersymmetry is not obvious in the N=1 formalism, so we give it explicitly in components and in terms of a different set of N=1 chiral superfields. We also discuss the appearance of a second supersymmetry in D-term models, and the relation to N=2 F-term models. The analysis sheds light on an apparent paradox raised by the recent observation that D-term strings remain BPS when coupled to N=1 supergravity, whereas F-term strings break the supersymmetry completely, even in the Bogomol'nyi limit. Finally, we comment on their semilocal extensions and their relevance to cosmology.
description: 11 pages; References added, minor corrections, matches published version
CONSIDERACIONES PARA ENSEÑAR A DETECTAR OPORTUNIDADES DE NEGOCIOS A ESTUDIANTES DEL ÁMBITO AGROALIMENTARIO EN CHILE
Creators: name: Saez Tonacca, Luis David
name: Saez Tonacca, Luis David
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Agribusiness
subject: market Access
subject: education
subject: business opportunities
subject: needs
subject: marketing.

description: Given the short supply of text, that applying marketing concepts to the Agribusiness area, showing how to spot business opportunities, it is presented a proposal on how to support students in these areas. The instruction given to students includes market-related concepts, from which they are proposed and are advised, to start from consumers' needs, generate ideas and assess them; which is adequate if those needs are known. Probably, those who have experience, can previously spot business opportunities, and even, they can assess its success degree, nevertheless, convey such experience to students (or to producers) is very complex. To achieve that, three sources of ideas are proposed, unsatisfied needs, due to either increased demand or restricted productions; solving the so-called negative externalities due to business activities; and detecting silent needs, which are those that despite be need, people don't know or don't realize they need, leading to more innovative ideas, difficult to copy, and therefore to greater differentiation.
Coho : a verification tool for circuit verification by reachability analysis
Creators: name: Yan, Chao
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: COHO is a verification tool for systems modeled by nonlinear ordinary differential equations (ODEs). Verification is performed using reachability analysis. The reachable space is represented by projectagons which are the polyhedron described by their projection onto two dimensional subspace. COHO approximates nonlinear ODEs with linear differential inclusions to compute the reachable state. We re-engineer the COHO system to provide a robust implementation with a clear interface and well-organized structure. We demonstrate the soundness and robustness of our approach by applying it to several examples, including a three dimensional, non-linear systems for which previous version of COHO failed due to numerical stability problems. The correctness of COHO strongly depends on the accuracy, efficiency and robustness of the linear program solver that is used throughout the analysis. Our COHO linear program solver is implemented by integrating the Simplex algorithm with interval arithmetic based on the framework set up by Laza [Laz01]. For highly ill-conditioned problems, an approximation that is very close to the optimal result is computed by our algorithm. This results in a very small error bound that allows COHO to successfully verify interesting examples. This thesis also presents an algorithm to solve the problem of projecting the feasible region of a linear program onto two dimensional subspaces. This algorithm uses the COHO linear program solver for efficiency and accuracy. We derive an analytical upper bound for the error and present experimental results to show that the errors are negligible in practice.
Additional file 4 of A comparative analysis of unintegrated HIV-1 DNA measurement as a potential biomarker of the cellular reservoir in the blood of patients controlling and non-controlling viral replication
Creators: name: Orlandi, Chiara
name: Canovari, Benedetta
name: Bozzano, Federica
name: Marras, Francesco
name: Pasquini, Zeno
name: Barchiesi, Francesco
name: Maria, Andrea De
name: Magnani, Mauro
name: Casabianca, Anna
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Additional file 4: Table S3. Correlations between the levels of integrated HIV DNA (iDNA) and uDNA in blood samples fron HIV-1 infected patients. Table S4. Correlations between plasma HIV-1 RNA and the levels of the different forms of HIV DNA in blood samples from HIV-1 infected patients. Table S5. Correlations between CD4+ T cell count and the levels of the different forms of HIV DNA in blood samples from HIV-1 infected patients.
Guided Uncertainty-Aware Policy Optimization: Combining Learning and Model-Based Strategies for Sample-Efficient Policy Learning
Creators: name: Lee, Michelle A.
name: Florensa, Carlos
name: Tremblay, Jonathan
name: Ratliff, Nathan
name: Garg, Animesh
name: Ramos, Fabio
name: Fox, Dieter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Traditional robotic approaches rely on an accurate model of the environment, a detailed description of how to perform the task, and a robust perception system to keep track of the current state. On the other hand, reinforcement learning approaches can operate directly from raw sensory inputs with only a reward signal to describe the task, but are extremely sample-inefficient and brittle. In this work, we combine the strengths of model-based methods with the flexibility of learning-based methods to obtain a general method that is able to overcome inaccuracies in the robotics perception/actuation pipeline, while requiring minimal interactions with the environment. This is achieved by leveraging uncertainty estimates to divide the space in regions where the given model-based policy is reliable, and regions where it may have flaws or not be well defined. In these uncertain regions, we show that a locally learned-policy can be used directly with raw sensory inputs. We test our algorithm, Guided Uncertainty-Aware Policy Optimization (GUAPO), on a real-world robot performing peg insertion. Videos are available at https://sites.google.com/view/guapo-rl
Additional file 1 of Organizational changes in diabetic foot care practices for patients at low and moderate risk after implementing a comprehensive foot care program in Alberta, Canada
Creators: name: Chan, Catherine B.
name: Dmytruk, Kathy
name: Labbie, Michele
name: O’Connell, Petra
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1.
On the photon energy moments and their `bias' corrections in B -> X_s+γ
Creators: name: Benson, D.
name: Bigi, I. I.
name: Uraltsev, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Photon energy moments in B -> X_s+γand the impact of experimental cuts are analyzed, including the biases exponential in the effective hardness missed in the conventional OPE. We incorporate the perturbative corrections fully implementing the Wilsonian momentum separation ab initio. This renders perturbative effects numerically suppressed while leaving heavy quark parameters and the corresponding light-cone distribution function well defined and preserving their physical properties. The moments of the distribution function are given by the heavy quark expectation values of which many have been extracted from the B -> X_c lνdecays. The quantitative estimates for the biases in the heavy quark parameters determined from the photon moments show they cannot be neglected for E_cut \gsim 1.85GeV, and grow out of theory control for E_cut above 2.1GeV. Implications for the moments in the B -> X_c lνdecays at high cuts are briefly addressed.
description: 28 pages, LaTeX, five figures. Extended version submitted to NPB after the Belle Workshop; accepted for publication. The critical discussion of the `multiscale' approach of Refs.[14] is extended in Sects. 2.1 and 6. Some technicalities of the calculations are explained in more detail in Appendix 1 and a number of references added. The effect of the higher-order corrections is illustrated (Fig.5)
Particle Production by a Relativistic Semi-Transparent Mirror in 1+3D Minkowski Spacetime
Creators: name: Lin, Kuan-Nan
name: Chou, Chih-En
name: Chen, Pisin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Production of scalar particles by a relativistic, semi-transparent mirror in 1+3D Minkowski spacetime based on the Barton-Calogeracos (BC) action is investigated. The corresponding Bogoliubov coefficients are derived for a mirror with arbitrary trajectory. In particular, we apply our derived formula to the gravitational collapse trajectory. In addition, we identify the relation between the particle spectrum and the particle production probability, and we demonstrate the equivalence between our approach and the existing approach in the literature, which is restricted to 1+1D. In short, our treatment extends the study to 1+3D spacetime. Lastly, we offer a third approach for finding the particle spectrum using the S-matrix formalism.
description: 9 pages, 3 figures
Additional file 1 of A comparative analysis of unintegrated HIV-1 DNA measurement as a potential biomarker of the cellular reservoir in the blood of patients controlling and non-controlling viral replication
Creators: name: Orlandi, Chiara
name: Canovari, Benedetta
name: Bozzano, Federica
name: Marras, Francesco
name: Pasquini, Zeno
name: Barchiesi, Francesco
name: Maria, Andrea De
name: Magnani, Mauro
name: Casabianca, Anna
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Clinical characteristics of elite controllers (EC) and long-term non-progressors (LTNP) pooled and analyzed as HIV-infected controllers (HIC).
ESTUDIO DE MERCADO DE PRODUCTOS LÁCTEOS EN EL MUNICIPIO DE SANTIAGO IXCUINTLA, NAYARIT
Creators: name: Chavarín Rodríguez, Salvador
name: Gomez Ortega, Karina
name: Navarro Medina, Gabriela Socorro
name: Quesada Ruiz, Alejandra
name: Rodríguez García, Armida Margarita
name: Villarreal Banuelos, Erixander
name: Chavarín Rodríguez, Salvador
name: Gomez Ortega, Karina
name: Navarro Medina, Gabriela Socorro
name: Quesada Ruiz, Alejandra
name: Rodríguez García, Armida Margarita
name: Villarreal Banuelos, Erixander
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Dairy products
subject: Market
subject: Marketing.

description: This market study is part of the close collaboration between Universidad Tecnológica de la Costa and the productive sector. The objective was to determine the feasibility of expanding the market of the dairy products produced by the company named Villahgo, towards the municipality of Santiago Ixcuintla Nayarit. There were applied 117 surveys to calculate the sample set at a maximum error margin of 8%, working with 92% level of confidence. Data collecting was randomly picked from the chosen neighborhoods. It was determined that most households in the city of Santiago are used to consume dairy products due to flavor and nutritional values. The fact that some percentage of people do not consume dairy products due to lactose intolerance, was also detected; therefore it was determined that the expansion of the company Villahgo is in fact feasible.Keywords: Dairy products, marketing, Santiago Ixcuintla.
Quantum phase transitions in the sub-ohmic spin-boson model: Failure of the quantum-classical mapping
Creators: name: Vojta, Matthias
name: Tong, Ning-Hua
name: Bulla, Ralf
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The effective theories for many quantum phase transitions can be mapped onto those of classical transitions. Here we show that such a mapping fails for the sub-ohmic spin-boson model which describes a two-level system coupled to a bosonic bath with power-law spectral density, J(omega) ~ omega^s. Using an epsilon expansion we prove that this model has a quantum transition controlled by an interacting fixed point at small s, and support this by numerical calculations. In contrast, the corresponding classical long-range Ising model is known to have an upper-critical dimension at s = 1/2, with mean-field transition behavior controlled by a non-interacting fixed point for 0 < s < 1/2. The failure of the quantum-classical mapping is argued to arise from the long-ranged interaction in imaginary time in the quantum model.
description: 4 pages, 3 figs; (v2) discussion extended; (v3) marginal changes, final version as published; (v4) added erratum pointing out that main conclusions were incorrect due to subtle failures of the NRG
FORTIFICACIÓN DE PAN A BASE DE TOMATE DESHIDRATADO (Licopersicon, esculentum mil) EN TLAXCALA
Creators: name: Galaviz Rodriguez, Jose Víctor
name: Cervantes Hernandez, Benito A.
name: Martínez Carmona, Romualdo
name: Lima Esteban, Margarita
name: Hernandez Corona, Jose Luis
name: Galaviz Rodriguez, Jose Víctor
name: Cervantes Hernandez, Benito A.
name: Martínez Carmona, Romualdo
name: Lima Esteban, Margarita
name: Hernandez Corona, Jose Luis
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Production
subject: dehydration
subject: addition
subject: value added
subject: strategy
subject: bread.

description: Fortification of food has been a common practice in modern societies, looking to offer more nutritious foods especially sections of the population suffering from malnutrition. Therefore, the objective of this research was to determine the effect of adding salt tomato bread type pambazo on the nutritional properties: moisture, ash, fat, protein, and fiber, vitamin C. Encoding as follows: common pambazo with fresh tomato and tomato pambazo dehydrated. Each sample was performed in triplicate, with the following results of a common pambazo in relation to pambazo fortified with tomatoes: they found that the protein level improved significantly from 3.67 to 10.24 (gr/100gr), fiber 12.04 to 13.85 (gr / 100g), while ascorbic acid increased from 72 to 77 (mg/100gr). This shows that a fresh tomato pambazo fortified with nutrient levels based on protein, fiber and vitamin C (ascorbic acid). Regarding the comparison of normal pambazo against fortified with dried tomato pambazo yielded the following results: ash from 0.90 to 1.33 (gr/100gr), protein of 3.67 to 9.63 (gr/100gr) fiber 12.04 to 14.90 (g / 100g), ascorbic acid, while containing the dried tomato pambazo retained ascorbic acid in 55 (mg/100gr) in relation to micronutrients iron increased from 0.66 to 1.10 (mg / kg), zinc from 0.67 to 3.22 (mg / kg).
New multi-part collisional model of the main belt: The contribution to near-Earth asteroids
Creators: name: Zain, P. S.
name: de Elía, G. C.
name: Di Sisto, R. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Aims. We developed a six-part collisional evolution model of the main asteroid belt (MB) and used it to study the contribution of the different regions of the MB to the near-earth asteroids (NEAs). Methods. We built a statistical code called ACDC that simulates the collisional evolution of the MB split into six regions (namely Inner, Middle, Pristine, Outer, Cybele and High-Inclination belts) according to the positions of the major resonances present there ($ν_{6}$, 3:1J, 5:2J, 7:3J and 2:1J). We consider the Yarkovsky effect and the mentioned resonances as the main mechanism that removes asteroids from the different regions of the MB and delivers them to the NEA region. We calculated the evolution of the NEAs coming from the different source regions by considering the bodies delivered by the resonances and mean dynamical timescales in the NEA population. Results. Our model is in agreement with the major observational constraints associated with the MB, such as the size distributions of the different regions of the MB and the number of large asteroid families. It is also able to reproduce the observed NEAs with H < 16 and agrees with recent estimations for H < 20, but deviates for smaller sizes. We find that most sources make a significant contribution to the NEAs; however the Inner and Middle belts stand out as the most important source of NEAs followed by the Outer belt. The contributions of the Pristine and Cybele regions are minor. The High-Inclination belt is the source of only a fraction of the actual observed NEAs with high inclination, as there are dynamical processes in that region that enable asteroids to increase and decrease their inclinations.
description: 14 pages, 12 Figures