cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Integrated Brain Connectivity Analysis with fMRI, DTI, and sMRI Powered by Interpretable Graph Neural Networks
Creators: name: Qu, Gang
name: Zhou, Ziyu
name: Calhoun, Vince D.
name: Zhang, Aiying
name: Wang, Yu-Ping
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Multimodal neuroimaging modeling has becomes a widely used approach but confronts considerable challenges due to heterogeneity, which encompasses variability in data types, scales, and formats across modalities. This variability necessitates the deployment of advanced computational methods to integrate and interpret these diverse datasets within a cohesive analytical framework. In our research, we amalgamate functional magnetic resonance imaging, diffusion tensor imaging, and structural MRI into a cohesive framework. This integration capitalizes on the unique strengths of each modality and their inherent interconnections, aiming for a comprehensive understanding of the brain's connectivity and anatomical characteristics. Utilizing the Glasser atlas for parcellation, we integrate imaging derived features from various modalities: functional connectivity from fMRI, structural connectivity from DTI, and anatomical features from sMRI within consistent regions. Our approach incorporates a masking strategy to differentially weight neural connections, thereby facilitating a holistic amalgamation of multimodal imaging data. This technique enhances interpretability at connectivity level, transcending traditional analyses centered on singular regional attributes. The model is applied to the Human Connectome Project's Development study to elucidate the associations between multimodal imaging and cognitive functions throughout youth. The analysis demonstrates improved predictive accuracy and uncovers crucial anatomical features and essential neural connections, deepening our understanding of brain structure and function.
Sodium in the Atmospheres of Thick-Disk Red Giants
Creators: name: Pakhomov, Yu. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The parameters and elemental abundances of atmospheres for ten thick-disk red giants was determined from high-resolution spectra by the method of model stellar atmospheres. The results of a comparative analysis of the [Na/Fe] abundances in the atmospheres of the investigated stars and thin disk red giants are presented. Sodium in the atmospheres of thick-disk red giants is shown to have no overabundances typical of thin-disk red giants.
description: 10 pages, 3 figures, published in Astronomical Letters 2013AstL...39...54P
ファインチューニングした BERT と GPT-4o を用いた相談・助言形式動画の自動切り抜きに 関する研究
Creators: name: 岡崎, 光栄
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: 近年, YouTube をはじめとする動画共有サービスで, 配信者の長時間動画から特 定の場面のみを抽出・再編集した切り抜き動画の需要が高まっている. しかし, そ の編集作業は開始点や終了点を正確に指定しつつ動画を繰り返し確認する必要が あり, 専門的なソフトウェアの操作が伴う. さらに, 編集には多大な時間的コスト を要する.

本研究では, 視聴者から寄せられた「相談」を出演者が読み上げ, それに対する 「助言」を同じ出演者が応答する形式の単独で出演している動画を対象とし, 「相 談」と「助言」を自動的に切り抜いたうえで文脈の整合性を保った要約動画を生 成することを目的とする. 従来の動画要約研究では, ユーザーのクエリや動画内の 特徴量に依存する手法が多く存在したが, 本研究は特定の相談から助言の文脈構造を明確に捉え, 不要な冗長部分を排除する点を大きな特徴とする.

本システムは, まず YouTube 動画をダウンロードし, 音声のみを抽出して Google Speech-to-Text API で書き起こしを行う. 次に, TohokuBERT をファインチュー ニングした分類モデルで, 句点と「?」区切りの各文を「相談」「助言」「その他」の 3クラスに振り分ける. さらに「相談」から「助言」が連続する文グループを抽出 し, GPT-4o を用いて文脈に合致しない文を除去することで, 一貫性のある部分だ けを残す. 最後に, 各グループのタイムスタンプを基に動画を切り抜き, 再結合することで要約動画を生成する.提案システムの評価として, YouTube 上で公開されている約 60 分程度のひろゆき氏の動画 3 本に対し, 本手法を適用した. 文字起こしの精度や BERT による分類精度を検証し, 抽出された「相談」から「助言」のペアがどの程度正しく成立し ているかシステムを実行し, 確認する.

実行の結果, 動画の総尺を約 3 分の 1 程度まで短縮することに成功し, しばしば, 「相談」から「助言」の流れが続いた切り抜き動画を生成できた. 一方で, 音声認 識に起因する文の乱れや表記ゆれにより, 一部の文が誤って「相談」や「助言」と 分類されたのではないかと推察した. また, GPT-4o での文脈調整を行っても, ラ ベルの連続するグループ内に含まれる余談部分をどの程度排除すべきか, それに応 じて, プロンプトをどのように定義するべきかが, 課題として残った. 今後は, モデ ル精度の向上, 処理時間の短縮, 多言語対応, および異なる話者の動画やジャンル への適用を図ることで, より多様な用途に対応可能な自動動画編集システムの実現 を目指し, 定量的な評価を通じてシステムの有効性をさらに明確化することが望ましい.
Tax Expenditures, Reform, and Distributive Justice
Creators: name: Sugin, Linda
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Taxation
subject: Distributive justice
subject: Tax expenditures
subject: Law
subject: FOS: Law
subject: Economics

description: Tax reform is coming, and it will be an important part of any plan to avert national fiscal disaster. The President’s Fiscal Commission recently presented a proposal for comprehensive tax reform that will form the basis for serious legislative discussion. At the center of that proposal is elimination of "tax expenditures," which are provisions in the tax law that operate like direct government spending. They include the charitable deduction, the home mortgage interest deduction, the exclusion for employer-provided health insurance, the child credit, the earned income credit, education credits and deductions, the tax preference for retirement savings accounts like IRAs and 401(k) plans, and dozens of others. This article argues that elimination of tax expenditures is a flawed approach to tax reform. Tax expenditures are not an undifferentiated mass, but reflect a wide variety of federal policies, each of which requires independent evaluation. Before policymakers can decide whether to abolish tax expenditures, they need to know a lot more than the tax expenditure budgets currently reveal about what tax expenditures do, who benefits from them, and how much revenue could be raised by their repeal. They also need to decisively identify which provisions are tax expenditures, a perennial source of disagreement. This article argues that proposals to repeal tax expenditures reflect a normative preference for efficiency over equity, the traditional twin goals of tax policy, squandering the tax law’s unique role in economic justice.
Distinguishing between inflationary models from cosmic microwave background
Creators: name: Tsujikawa, Shinji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, inflationary cosmology is reviewed, paying particular attention to its observational signatures associated with large-scale density perturbations generated from quantum fluctuations. In the most general scalar-tensor theories with second-order equations of motion, we derive the scalar spectral index $n_s$, the tensor-to-scalar ratio $r$, and the nonlinear estimator $f_{\rm NL}$ of primordial non-Gaussianities to confront models with observations of Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) temperature anisotropies. Our analysis includes models such as potential-driven slow-roll inflation, k-inflation, Starobinsky inflation, and Higgs inflation with non-minimal/derivative/Galileon couplings. We constrain a host of inflationary models by using the Planck data combined with other measurements to find models most favored observationally in the current literature. We also study anisotropic inflation based on a scalar coupling with a vector (or, two-form) field and discuss its observational signatures appearing in the two-point and three-point correlation functions of scalar and tensor perturbations.
description: 26 pages, 2 figures, published in PTEP Special Section "CMB Cosmology"
Time for the Child Tax Credit to Grow Up: Preserving the Credit’s Availability and Enhancing Benefits for Families
Creators: name: McGroarty, Jennifer
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Families--Taxation
subject: Taxation--Law and legislation
subject: Child tax credits
subject: Law
subject: FOS: Law
subject: Economics

description: The Child Tax Credit is one of the largest subsidies in the tax code for families with children. The CTC provides a supplementary boost to families by providing cash income when they do not have income tax liability. The CTC has more recently been used as an economic recovery measure and as a work incentive. However, the Credit’s own structure undermines its ability to serve these purposes. The Credit should be structured such that it will further the program’s key purposes and remain available to more low- income families. Some beneficial structural changes include permanently setting the refundability threshold at $3,000 and insulating the Credit’s provisions from inflation.
Echimys unicolor
Creators: name: Woods, Charles A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1993
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Rodentia
Echimyidae
Echimys
Echimys unicolor

description: Echimys unicolor (Wagner, 1842). Arch. Naturgesch., 1:361. TYPE LOCALITY: Brazil. DISTRIBUTION: Brazil; exact distribution unknown (Corbet and Hill, 1991:207). COMMENTS: According to Cabrera (1961:543), Thomas believed that unicolor was a synonym of braziliensis. Not recognized by Emmons and Feer (1990).
description: Published as part of Charles A. Woods, 1993, Order Rodentia - Suborder Hystricognathi, pp. 771-806 in Mammal Species of the World (2 nd Edition), Washington and London :Smithsonian Institution Press on page 792, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7353083
description: {"references": ["Corbet, G. B., and J. E. Hill. 1991. A world list of mammalian species. Third ed. British Museum (Natural History) Publications, London, 243 pp.", "Emmons, L. H., and F. Feer. 1990. Neotropical rainforest mammals. A field guide. University of Chicago Press, Chicago, IL, 281 pp., 7 pls."]}
A Complex-Valued Firing-Rate Model That Approximates the Dynamics of Spiking Networks
Creators: name: Schaffer, Evan S.
name: Ostojic, Srdjan
name: Abbott, Larry
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Neurons--Mathematical models
subject: Eigenfunction expansions
subject: Neural circuitry
subject: Neurosciences
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Firing-rate models provide an attractive approach for studying large neural networks because they can be simulated rapidly and are amenable to mathematical analysis. Traditional firing-rate models assume a simple form in which the dynamics are governed by a single time constant. These models fail to replicate certain dynamic features of populations of spiking neurons, especially those involving synchronization. We present a complex-valued firing-rate model derived from an eigenfunction expansion of the Fokker-Planck equation and apply it to the linear, quadratic and exponential integrate-and-fire models. Despite being almost as simple as a traditional firing-rate description, this model can reproduce firing-rate dynamics due to partial synchronization of the action potentials in a spiking model, and it successfully predicts the transition to spike synchronization in networks of coupled excitatory and inhibitory neurons.
An adaptive discrete Newton method for a regularization-free Bingham model
Creators: name: Fatima, Arooj
Publisher: name: TU Dortmund
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Viscoplastic fluids
subject: Bingham fluid
subject: Divided difference
subject: FEM
subject: Adaptive Newton method
subject: Regularization-Free
subject: Edge-oriented FEM stabilization
subject: 510
subject: Fluiddynamik

description: Developing a numerical and algorithmic tool which correctly identifies unyielded regions in the yield stress fluid flow is a challenging task. Two approaches are commonly used to handle the singular behaviour at the yield surface, i.e. the Augmented Lagrangian approach and the regularization approach, respectively. Generally in the regularization approach for the resulting nonlinear and linear problems, solvers do not perform efficiently when the regularization parameter gets very small. In this work, we use a formulation introducing a new auxiliary stress [1]. The three field formulation of yield stress fluids corresponds to a regularization-free Bingham formulation. The resulting set of equations arising from the three field formulation is treated efficiently and accurately by a monolithic finite element method. The velocity and pressure are discretized by the higher order stable FEM pair Q_2⁄(P_1^disc ) and the auxiliary stress is discretized by the Q_2 element. Furthermore, this problem is highly nonlinear and presents a big challenge to any nonlinear solver. We developed a new adaptive discrete Newton's method, which evaluates the Jacobian with the directional divided difference approach [2]. The step size in this process is an important key: We relate this size to the rate of the actual nonlinear reduction for achieving a robust adaptive Newton's method. The resulting linear subproblems are solved using a geometrical multigrid solver. We analyse the solvability of the problem along with the adaptive Newton method for Bingham fluids by doing numerical studies for different prototypical configurations, i.e. "Viscoplastic fluid flow in a channel" [2], "Lid Driven Cavity", "Flow around cylinder", and "Bingham flow in a square reservoir", respectively. References [1] A. Aposporidis, E. Haber, M. A. Olshanskii, A. Veneziani. A Mixed Formulation of the Bingham Fluid Flow Problem: Analysis and Numerical Solution, Comput. Methods Appl. Mech. Engrg. 1 (2011), 2434–2446. [2] A. Fatima, S. Turek, A. Ouazzi, M. A. Afaq. An Adaptive Discrete Newton Method for Regularization-Free Bingham Model, 6th ECCOMAS Young Investigators Conference 7th-9th July 2021, Valencia, Spain. doi: 10.4995/YIC2021.2021.12389.
Peptide Classification from Statistical Analysis of Nanopore Translocation Experiments
Creators: name: Hoßbach, Julian
name: Tovey, Samuel
name: Ensslen, Tobias
name: Behrends, Jan C.
name: Holm, Christian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Protein characterization using nanopore-based devices promises to be a breakthrough method in basic research, diagnostics, and analytics. Current research includes the use of machine learning to achieve this task. In this work, a comprehensive statistical analysis of nanopore current signals is performed and demonstrated to be sufficient for classifying up to 42 peptides with over 70 % accuracy. Two sets of features, the statistical moments and the catch22 set, are compared both in their representations and after training small classifier neural networks. We demonstrate that complex features of the events, captured in both the catch22 set and the central moments, are key in classifying peptides with otherwise similar mean currents. These results highlight the efficacy of purely statistical analysis of nanopore data and suggest a path forward for more sophisticated classification techniques.
Making Partnerships Work for Mom and Pop and Everyone Else
Creators: name: Cauble, Emily
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Corporations--Taxation--Law and legislation
subject: Partnership--Taxation--Law and legislation
subject: Small business--Taxation--Law and legislation
subject: Law
subject: FOS: Law
subject: Economics

description: Entities treated as partnerships for tax purposes cover the spectrum from small Mom and Pop operations to mammoth enterprises owned by sophisticated partners. Designing tax law to govern this diverse array of entities is a challenging exercise since rules that are well suited to provide simplicity for entities at the small, unsophisticated end of the continuum may be poorly designed for preventing manipulation by entities at the large, sophisticated end of the continuum. However, a careful examination of how tax rules can best promote simplicity reveals opportunities for reform that would make the law more appropriate for entities all along the continuum.
Observational Diagnostics for Two-Fluid Turbulence in Molecular Clouds As Suggested by Simulations
Creators: name: Meyer, Chad D.
name: Balsara, Dinshaw S.
name: Burkhart, Blakesley
name: Lazarian, Alex
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present high resolution simulations of two-fluid (ion-neutral) MHD turbulence with resolutions as large as 512^3. The simulations are supersonic and mildly sub-Alfvenic, in keeping with the conditions present in molecular clouds. Such turbulence is thought to influence star formation processes in molecular clouds because typical cores form on length scales that are comparable to the dissipation scales of this turbulence in the ions. The simulations are motivated by the fact that recent studies of isophotologue lines in molecular clouds have found significant differences in the linewidth-size relationship for neutral and ion species. The goals of this paper are to explain those observations using simulations and analytic theory, present a new set of density-based diagnostics by drawing on similar diagnostics that have been obtained by studying single-fluid turbulence, and show that our two-fluid simulations play a vital role in reconciling alternative models of star formation. The velocity-dependent diagnostics display a complementarity with the density-dependent diagnostics. We find that the linewidth-size relationships show a prominent difference between ions and neutrals when the line of sight is orthogonal to the mean field. This is because the MHD waves in the ions differ from hydrodynamic waves in the neutrals. We also find that the density probability distribution functions (PDFs) show prominent differences between the ions and neutrals when the line of sight is parallel to the mean field. This is because the velocity fluctuations in the ions tend to produce column density fluctuations along field lines. When the magnetic field makes an angle to the line of sight, both observable differences should be visible. These diagnostics should be easy for observers to test. This analysis assumes optically thin lines and a mean magnetic field that is uniform in direction within a cloud.
description: 23 pages, 10 figures. Corrected typos (including an author name)
Message and time efficient multi-broadcast schemes
Creators: name: Levin, Liron
name: Kowalski, Dariusz R.
name: Segal, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: C.2.4

description: We consider message and time efficient broadcasting and multi-broadcasting in wireless ad-hoc networks, where a subset of nodes, each with a unique rumor, wish to broadcast their rumors to all destinations while minimizing the total number of transmissions and total time until all rumors arrive to their destination. Under centralized settings, we introduce a novel approximation algorithm that provides almost optimal results with respect to the number of transmissions and total time, separately. Later on, we show how to efficiently implement this algorithm under distributed settings, where the nodes have only local information about their surroundings. In addition, we show multiple approximation techniques based on the network collision detection capabilities and explain how to calibrate the algorithms' parameters to produce optimal results for time and messages.
description: In Proceedings FOMC 2013, arXiv:1310.4595
Isothrix Wagner 1845
Creators: name: Woods, Charles A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1993
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Rodentia
Echimyidae
Isothrix

description: Isothrix Wagner, 1845. Arch. Naturgesch., 1:145. TYPE SPECIES: Isothrix bistriata Wagner, 1845 (selected by Goldman, 1916). SYNONYMS: Lasiuromys. COMMENTS: See Patton and Emmons (1985) for a review of Isothrix.
description: Published as part of Charles A. Woods, 1993, Order Rodentia - Suborder Hystricognathi, pp. 771-806 in Mammal Species of the World (2 nd Edition), Washington and London :Smithsonian Institution Press on pages 792-793, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7353083
description: {"references": ["Goldman, E. A. 1916. Notes on the genera Isothrix Wagner and Phyllomys Lund. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 29: 125 - 128.", "Patton, J. L., and L. Emmons. 1985. A review of the genus Isothrix (Rodentia, Echimyidae). American Museum Novitates, 2817: 1 - 14."]}
Entwicklung Übergangsmetall-freier Cycloisomerisierungen in Hexafluorisopropanol
Creators: name: Jankowski, Nicholas
Publisher: name: TU Dortmund
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Übergangsmetall-freie Reaktionen
subject: Hexafluorisopropanol
subject: Cyclisierungen
subject: Isomerisierungen
subject: Lösungsmitteleffekte
subject: 540
subject: Cyclisation
subject: Isomerisierungsreaktion

description: Die zielgerichtete Entwicklung Metall-freier Reaktionen, um damit Übergangsmetalle in chemischen Prozessen zu substituieren, ist Thema aktueller Forschung. Dies hat den Hintergrund, dass Metall-Kontaminationen in Erzeugnissen der Industrie stark reguliert sind, da sie das Potential bergen, Menschen und Umwelt zu schädigen. Zudem wenden sich viele Zweige der Industrie nachhaltigeren Prozessen zu. Metalle sind in dieser Hinsicht ambivalent, da sie zwar sehr gut rezykliert werden können, aber die Gewinnung und Reinigung mit Belastungen verbunden ist. Diese Arbeit zeigt eine Möglichkeit auf, wie typischerweise Metall-katalysierte Reaktionen durch BRØNSTEDT-Säuren ersetzbar sind. Dazu wird das von AUBÉ publizierte System von Acetylchlorid (AcCl) in Hexafluorisopropanol (HFIP) verwendet und auf Trimethylsilylchlorid (TMSCl) erweitert. Die Reaktion der beiden Reagenzien mit HFIP erzeugt in situ HCl. Dieses kann genutzt werden um Propargylamide zu cyclisieren. Für Propargylamide mit terminalen Dreifachbindungen werden Oxazole (und ihre Hydrochloride) gewonnen, die Reaktion von Propargylamiden mit internen Dreifachbindungen ergeben in der Mehrzahl Oxazoline mit (Z) konfigurierten exo-ständigen Doppelbindung.
Thermal Adaptation of Conformational Dynamics in Ribonuclease H
Creators: name: Stafford, Kate A.
name: Robustelli, Paul
name: Palmer III, Arthur G,
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2013
Subjects: Biothermodynamics
Proteins--Stability
Ribonucleases
Molecular biology

description: The relationship between inherent internal conformational processes and enzymatic activity or thermodynamic stability of proteins has proven difficult to characterize. The study of homologous proteins with differing thermostabilities offers an especially useful approach for understanding the functional aspects of conformational dynamics. In particular, ribonuclease HI (RNase H), an 18 kD globular protein that hydrolyzes the RNA strand of RNA:DNA hybrid substrates, has been extensively studied by NMR spectroscopy to characterize the differences in dynamics between homologs from the mesophilic organism E. coli and the thermophilic organism T. thermophilus. Herein, molecular dynamics simulations are reported for five homologous RNase H proteins of varying thermostabilities and enzymatic activities from organisms of markedly different preferred growth temperatures. For the E. coli and T. thermophilus proteins, strong agreement is obtained between simulated and experimental values for NMR order parameters and for dynamically averaged chemical shifts, suggesting that these simulations can be a productive platform for predicting the effects of individual amino acid residues on dynamic behavior. Analyses of the simulations reveal that a single residue differentiates between two different and otherwise conserved dynamic processes in a region of the protein known to form part of the substrate-binding interface. Additional key residues within these two categories are identified through the temperature-dependence of these conformational processes.
Upgrading electron temperature and electron density diagnostic diagrams of forbidden line emission
Creators: name: Proxauf, Bastian
name: Oettl, Silvia
name: Kimeswenger, Stefan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Diagnostic diagrams of forbidden lines have been a useful tool for observers in astrophysics for many decades now. They are used to obtain information on the basic physical properties of thin gaseous nebulae. Some diagnostic diagrams are in wavelength domains which were difficult to take either due to missing wavelength coverage or low resolution of older spectrographs. Furthermore, most of the diagrams were calculated using just the species involved as a single atom gas, although several are affected by well-known fluorescence mechanisms as well. Additionally the atomic data have improved up to the present time. Aim of this work was a recalculation of well-known, but also of sparsely used, unnoted diagnostics diagrams. The new diagrams provide observers with modern, easy-to-use recipes to determine electron temperature and densities. The new diagnostic diagrams are calculated using large grids of parameter space in the photoionization code CLOUDY. For a given basic parameter (e.g. electron density or temperature) the solutions with cooling-heating-equilibrium are chosen to derive the diagnostic diagrams. Empirical numerical functions are fitted to provide formulas usable in e.g. data reduction pipelines. The resulting diagrams differ significantly from those used up to now and will improve the thermodynamic calculations. To our knowledge, for the first time detailed directly applicable fit formulas are given, leading to electron temperature or density from the line ratios.
description: 4 pages, 5 figures, accepted for publication in A&A
Inexact spectral deferred corrections
Creators: name: Speck, Robert
name: Ruprecht, Daniel
name: Minion, Michael
name: Emmett, Matthew
name: Krause, Rolf
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Spectral deferred correction (SDC) methods are an attractive approach to iteratively computing collocation solutions to an ODE by performing so-called sweeps with a low-order time stepping method. SDC allows to easily construct high order split methods where e.g. stiff terms of the ODE are treated implicitly. This requires the solution to full accuracy of multiple linear systems of equations during each sweep, e.g. with a multigrid method. In this paper, we present an inexact variant of SDC, where each solve of a linear system is replaced by a single multigrid V-cycle and thus significantly reduces the cost for each sweep. For the investigated examples, this strategy results only in a small increase of the number of required sweeps and we demonstrate that "inexact spectral deferred corrections" can provide a dramatic reduction of the overall number of multigrid V-cycles required to complete an SDC time step.
title: Средства воплощения ипостасей личности севернорусского охотника (на материале дневниковых записей)
Creators: name: Ильина, Юлия
Publisher: name: Новгородский государственный университет имени Ярослава Мудрого (НовГУ)
Year: 2022

description: Предпринята попытка по дневниковым записям охотника, жившего в середине ХХ в. в Усть-Цилемском районе Республики Коми, на вербально-семантическом уровне выявить и описать средства воплощения проекций двух главных ипостасей личности их автора. Наряду с охотой, которая занимала большую часть жизни Ф.П.Бабикова, предметом особого интереса автора дневников стало литературное творчество. Обе ипостаси личности Ф.П.Бабикова воплощаются в текстах дневников не только в их основном содержании, но и в некоторых особенностях и приемах изложения. Охота и литература выступают в качестве семантических областей, по моделям которых автор видит и описывает в дневнике противоположную лесной и литературной домашнюю жизнь, отношения с родными и друзьями. Природные объекты и литературные персонажи используются в текстах дневников для самохарактеристики автора. Обращает на себя внимание инвентарь используемых в текстах дневниковлексических единиц и их оценочная характеристика. Автор представляет слова и выражения по их отнесенности к месту употребления (местные, диалектные слова) и по сопряженности с тем или иным носителем (старики, народ, образованные люди). Внимание к слову человека, увлеченного литературным творчеством, проявляется в использовании автором кавычек, которые маркируют особенные, в том числе непрямые значения слов, а также латиницы, используемой в качестве средства тайнописи.
title: Mauritius Imperator Tragoedia; [1749]
title: Kayser Mauritius In einem Trauer-Spil Auf offentlicher Schau-Bühne vorgestellet Von der Studirenden Jugend Des Hochfürstlich-Bischöfflichen Lycei und Gymnasii Soc. Jesu Bey S. Paul in Regenspurg Den 3. und 5. Herbst-Monaths, im Jahr 1749
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Michl, Johann Joseph Ildephons
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
Year: 2016

description: Perioche. - Text des musikalischen Zwischenspiels in "Prologus, Mauritio poenitenti, remissa licet culpa, graves tamen a Divina Nemesi statuuntur poenae" enthalten. - Text lat. und dt. - Vorlageform des Erscheinungsvermerks: Stadt am Hof, Gedruckt bey Johann Bernhard Riepel
Doing Too Much: The Standard Deduction and the Conflict Between Progressivity and Simplification
Creators: name: Brooks, John R.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Income tax deductions
subject: Income tax--Law and legislation
subject: Law
subject: FOS: Law
subject: Economics

description: In U.S. federal income tax, the standard deduction, along with the personal exemptions, provides taxpayers with a minimum amount of untaxed income, effectively creating a "zero bracket amount." For historical and political reasons, however, the standard deduction also operates as a simplified substitute for the itemized deductions, such as the deductions for extraordinary medical expenses, charitable contributions, and home mortgage interest. This seemingly reasonable compromise in fact leads to substantial, and surprising, conceptual complexity. In particular, close analysis of each of the two roles shows that their effects, and related criticisms, are often contradictory, which in turn makes it difficult, if not impossible, to have coherent policy debates regarding the proper roles of the standard deduction and the personal deductions. This flawed compromise between progressivity and simplification is not necessary. We can replace the standard deduction with a true, independent zero bracket amount and a floor under the itemized deductions while staying revenue- and distribution-neutral. This would effectively divorce the two roles of the standard deduction—zero bracket amount and simplification of the itemized deductions—leading to more coherence in individual income taxation and giving more flexibility to policymakers. This article proposes further to disaggregate the single floor under the itemized deductions into multiple, independent floors under each itemized deduction. This also would lead to greater coherence and flexibility in tax system design. While creating multiple floors would marginally increase complexity for some taxpayers, the costs of such complexity are justified in light of the benefits of more accuracy and coherence.
Quartierspiegel Albisrieden 2020
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: Zentralbibliothek Zürich
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 314 Allgemeine Statistiken zu Europa
subject: 710 Städtebau, Raumplanung, Landschaftsgestaltung
subject: 949 Geschichte anderer Teile Europas
subject: Albisrieden
subject: Zürich / Kreis 9
subject: Quartier
subject: Amtliche Statistik
subject: Bevölkerungsstatistik

description: Die in dieser Ausgabe publizierten Daten beziehen sich zum grössten Teil auf folgenden Zeitabschnitt : 2019
description: Das Quartier Albisrieden hat im Laufe des letzten Jahrhunderts eine gewaltige Entwicklung vom Bauerndorf zum Technologiestandort durchgemacht. Gleichwohl hat es seinen ländlichen Charakter nie ganz verloren, wovon der beeindruckende historische Dorfkern zeugt.
Isothrix bistriata Wagner 1845
Creators: name: Woods, Charles A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1993
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Rodentia
Echimyidae
Isothrix
Isothrix bistriata

description: Isothrix bistriata Wagner, 1845. Arch. Naturgesch., 1:146. TYPE LOCALITY: Brazil, Rio Guaporé. DISTRIBUTION: Bolivia, SW to NC Brazil, S Venezuela, adjacent Colombia. STATUS: Uncommon. SYNONYMS: molline, negrensis, orinoci, pagurus, pietà, villosa. COMMENTS: Patton and Emmons (1985) recognized 2 subspecies (I. b. bistriata and I. b. orinoci). They combined villosus as part of subspecies bistriata. Listed as bistriatus by Corbet and Hill (1991:206).
description: Published as part of Charles A. Woods, 1993, Order Rodentia - Suborder Hystricognathi, pp. 771-806 in Mammal Species of the World (2 nd Edition), Washington and London :Smithsonian Institution Press on page 793, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7353083
description: {"references": ["Patton, J. L., and L. Emmons. 1985. A review of the genus Isothrix (Rodentia, Echimyidae). American Museum Novitates, 2817: 1 - 14.", "Corbet, G. B., and J. E. Hill. 1991. A world list of mammalian species. Third ed. British Museum (Natural History) Publications, London, 243 pp."]}
Recent Patterns in Population-Based HIV Prevalence in Swaziland
Creators: name: Bicego, George T.
name: Nkambule, Rejoice
name: Peterson, Ingrid
name: Reed, Jason
name: Donnell, Deborah
name: Ginindza, Henry
name: Patel, Hetal
name: Duong, Yen T.
name: Bock, Naomi
name: Philip, Neena
name: Justman, Jessica
name: Mao, Cherry
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2013
Subjects: HIV-positive persons--Counseling of
HIV (Viruses)--Testing
Public health

description: Background:

The 2011 Swaziland HIV Incidence Measurement Survey (SHIMS) was conducted as part of a national study to evaluate the scale up of key HIV prevention programs.

Methods:

From a randomly selected sample of all Swazi households, all women and men aged 18-49 were considered eligible, and all consenting adults were enrolled and received HIV testing and counseling. In this analysis, population-based measures of HIV prevalence were produced and compared against similarly measured HIV prevalence estimates from the 2006-7 Swaziland Demographic and Health. Also, measures of HIV service utilization in both HIV infected and uninfected populations were documented and discussed.

Results:

HIV prevalence among adults aged 18-49 has remained unchanged between 2006-2011 at 31-32%, with substantial differences in current prevalence between women (39%) and men (24%). In both men and women, between since 2006-7 and 2011, prevalence has fallen in the young age groups and risen in the older age groups. Over a third (38%) of the HIV-infected population was unaware of their infection status, and this differed markedly between men (50%) and women (31%). Of those aware of their HIV-positive status, a higher percentage of men (63%) than women (49%) reported ART use.

Conclusions:

While overall HIV prevalence remains roughly constant, age-specific changes strongly suggest both improved survival of the HIV-infected and a reduction in new HIV infections. Awareness of HIV status and entry into ART services has improved in recent years but remains too low. This study identifies opportunities to improve both HIV preventive and care services in Swaziland.
title: Synthesis of Sequence-Defined and Sequence-Controlled Polyphosphodiesters and Their Self-Assembly
Creators: name: Appukutti Arachchige, Dona Nadeema Ayomi
Publisher: name: University of Kent
Year: 2022

description: Having control over the sequence is the ultimate key to achieve the high degree structural control over polymeric materials. The ability to control the sequence of building blocks in polymer leads to precise, well-managed synthetic macromolecules with unique and ordered chemical and physical properties. Synthetic macromolecules have entered almost every aspect of modern life, but the use of sequence (as is so potent in biology) has not yet been integrated. However, in the last few years, it has been demonstrated that sequenced-defined bio-oligomers such as oligonucleotides or oligopeptides can find applications in the fields of data storage, biomedicine, drug delivery and nanofabrication because of their versatile physical and chemical properties. Nature on planet earth is directed by poly(phosphoester)s (PPEs) in the form of deoxy & ribonucleic acid (DNA & RNA), and, as pyrophosphates, they store up chemical energy in organisms. Taking the organic polymer synthesis to the next level, we are synthesizing sequence-defined poly(phosphodiester)s using a library of non-nucleosidic monomers. We employ diols as monomers, each bearing a unique functionality such as long chain alkyls, aromatic or heteroaromatic rings. We have adapted the automated solid phase phosphoramidite synthesis commonly used for DNA to make our sequence-defined polymers, allowing us to programme and print specific sequences with ease. Like proteins, these polymers then self-assembly in a sequence-defined fashion to give uniform particles. These nanoparticles were studied using different analytical methods such as DLS, AFM and gel electrophoresis chromatography. Due to their biocompatibility and biodegradability, the PPEs are potentially capable of participating in molecular recognition or directing intracellular drug delivery.
Robust Leader Election in a Fast-Changing World
Creators: name: Augustine, John
name: Kulkarni, Tejas
name: Nakhe, Paresh
name: Robinson, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: Data Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: C.2.4; F.2.2

description: We consider the problem of electing a leader among nodes in a highly dynamic network where the adversary has unbounded capacity to insert and remove nodes (including the leader) from the network and change connectivity at will. We present a randomized Las Vegas algorithm that (re)elects a leader in O(D\log n) rounds with high probability, where D is a bound on the dynamic diameter of the network and n is the maximum number of nodes in the network at any point in time. We assume a model of broadcast-based communication where a node can send only 1 message of O(\log n) bits per round and is not aware of the receivers in advance. Thus, our results also apply to mobile wireless ad-hoc networks, improving over the optimal (for deterministic algorithms) O(Dn) solution presented at FOMC 2011. We show that our algorithm is optimal by proving that any randomized Las Vegas algorithm takes at least omega(D\log n) rounds to elect a leader with high probability, which shows that our algorithm yields the best possible (up to constants) termination time.
description: In Proceedings FOMC 2013, arXiv:1310.4595
Galilei covariance of the theory of Thouless pumps
Creators: name: Esslinger, Tilman
name: Graf, Gian Michele
name: Santi, Filippo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Thouless theory of quantum pumps establishes the conditions for quantized particle transport per cycle, and determines its value. When describing the pump from a moving reference frame, transported and existing charges transform, though not independently. This transformation is inherent to Galilean space and time, but it is underpinned by a transformation of vector bundles. Different formalisms can be used to describe this transformation, including one based on Bloch theory. Depending on the chosen formalism, the two types of charges will be realized as indices of either the same or different kinds. Finally, we apply the bulk-edge correspondence principle, so as to implement the transformation law within Büttiker's scattering theory of quantum pumps.
description: 25 pages, 4 figures
Symmetric multivariate polynomials as a basis for three-boson light-front wave functions
Creators: name: Chabysheva, Sophia S.
name: Elliott, Blair
name: Hiller, John R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop a polynomial basis to be used in numerical calculations of light-front Fock-space wave functions. Such wave functions typically depend on longitudinal momentum fractions that sum to unity. For three particles, this constraint limits the two remaining independent momentum fractions to a triangle, for which the three momentum fractions act as barycentric coordinates. For three identical bosons, the wave function must be symmetric with respect to all three momentum fractions. Therefore, as a basis, we construct polynomials in two variables on a triangle that are symmetric with respect to the interchange of any two barycentric coordinates. We find that, through the fifth order, the polynomial is unique at each order, and, in general, these polynomials can be constructed from products of powers of the second and third-order polynomials. The use of such a basis is illustrated in a calculation of a light-front wave function in two-dimensional phi^4 theory; the polynomial basis performs much better than the plane-wave basis used in discrete light-cone quantization.
description: 11 pages, 1 figure, RevTeX 4.1
title: Cunibertus Longobardiae Rex, Tragoedia; [1750]
title: Cunibert, König in der Lombardie : Als ein Beyspihl der Gerecht- und Barmhertzigkeit Gottes Auf offentlicher Schau-Bühne Vorgestellet, Von der Studirenden Jugend Des Hochfürstlich-Bischöfflichen Lycei, und Gymnasii Soc. Jesu Zu S. Paul in Regenspurg Den 2. und 4. Herbst-Monaths, im Jahr 1750
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: (:Unav)
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
Year: 2016

description: Perioche. - Text lat. und dt. - Vorlageform des Erscheinungsvermerks: Gedruckt zu Stadt am Hof, bey Johann Bernhard Riepel
Exploring Hot Gas at Junctions of Galaxy Filaments with Suzaku
Creators: name: Mitsuishi, Ikuyuki
name: Kawahara, Hajime
name: Sekiya, Norio
name: Sasaki, Shin
name: Sousbie, Thierry
name: Yamasaki, Noriko Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We performed five pointing observations with Suzaku to search for hot gases associated with the junctions of galaxy filaments where no significant diffuse X-ray sources were detected so far. We discovered X-ray sources successfully in all five regions and analyzed two bright sources in each field. Spectral analysis indicates that three sources originate from X-ray diffuse halos associated with optically bright galaxies or groups of galaxies with kT~0.6-0.8 keV. Other three sources are possibly group- and cluster-scale X-ray halos with temperatures of ~1 keV and ~4 keV, respectively while the others are compact object origins such as AGNs. All the three observed intracluster media within the junctions of the galaxy filaments previously found are involved in ongoing mergers. Thus, we demonstrate that deep X-ray observations at the filament junctions identified by galaxy surveys are a powerful mean to explore growing halos in a hierarchical structure undetected so far.
description: 32 pages, 6 figures, 5 tables, submitted to ApJ
title: Феминитивы в зеркале неологической лексикографии
Creators: name: Кобяков, Александр
Publisher: name: Новгородский государственный университет имени Ярослава Мудрого (НовГУ)
Year: 2022

description: Рассматриваются результаты фиксации новых женских номинаций ежегодными словарями неологизмов «Новое в русской лексике. Словарные материалы». Автор анализирует лексические единицы в контексте исследования тенденции образования, включения в речь и распространения в процессе коммуникации так называемых феминитивов. Даётся характеристика выявленных в «ежегодниках» существительных женского рода с семантической и словообразовательной точек зрения. Автор классифицирует лексические единицы по особенностям значения и деривационной природы. Выделяются несколько групп слов, сходных по своим семантическим и словообразовательным признакам. Описываются спорные и неоднозначные с точки зрения классификации существительные женского рода. Рассматривается проблема относимости выявленных лексических единиц к категории феминитивов, выделяются спорные случаи с семантической и этической точек зрения.
HetNets and Massive MIMO: Modeling, Potential Gains, and Performance Analysis
Creators: name: Kountouris, Marios
name: Pappas, Nikolaos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We consider a heterogeneous cellular network (HetNet) where a macrocell tier with a large antenna array base station (BS) is overlaid with a dense tier of small cells (SCs). We investigate the potential benefits of incorporating a massive MIMO BS in a TDD-based HetNet and we provide analytical expressions for the coverage probability and the area spectral efficiency using stochastic geometry. The duplexing mode in which SCs should operate during uplink macrocell transmissions is optimized. Furthermore, we consider a reverse TDD scheme, in which the massive MIMO BS can estimate the SC interference covariance matrix. Our results suggest that significant throughput improvement can be achieved by exploiting interference nulling and implicit coordination across the tiers due to flexible and asymmetric TDD operation.
description: invited paper, presented at IEEE-APS APWC 2013, Special Session on Advances in Physical Layer Wireless Communications, Torino, Italy, September 2013
Isothrix pagurus Wagner 1845
Creators: name: Woods, Charles A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1993
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Rodentia
Echimyidae
Isothrix
Isothrix pagurus

description: Isothrix pagurus Wagner, 1845. Arch. Naturgesch., 1:146. TYPE LOCALITY: Brazil, Amazonas, Borba, Lower Rio Madeira. DISTRIBUTION: Amazon Basin of Central Brazil from Rio Madeira east to Rio Tapajoz and north to lower Rio Negro. STATUS: Uncommon. SYNONYMS: crassicaudus.
description: Published as part of Charles A. Woods, 1993, Order Rodentia - Suborder Hystricognathi, pp. 771-806 in Mammal Species of the World (2 nd Edition), Washington and London :Smithsonian Institution Press on page 793, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7353083