cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Disclination loop behavior near the nematic-isotropic transition
Creators: name: Priezjev, N. V.
name: Pelcovits, Robert A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the behavior of disclination loops in the vicinity of the first order nematic-isotropic transition in the Lebwohl-Lasher and related models. We find that two independent measures of the transition temperature, the free energy and the distribution of disclination line segments, give essentially identical values. We also calculate the distribution function D(p) of disclination loops of perimeter p and fit it to a quasiexponential form. Below the transition, D(p) falls off exponentially, while in the neighborhood of the transition it decays with a power law exponent approximately equal to 2.5, consistent with a "blowout" of loops at the transition. In a modified Lebwohl-Lasher model with a strongly first-order transition we are able to measure a jump in the disclination line tension at the transition, which is too small to be measured in the Lebwohl-Lasher model. We also measure the monopole charge of the disclination loops and find that in both the original and modified Lebwohl-Lasher models, there are large loops which carry monopole charge, while smaller isolated loops do not. Overall the nature of the topological defects in both models is very similar.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures
On inverse spectral problems for Sturm-Liouville differential operators on closed sets
Creators: name: Buterin, S. A.
name: Kuznetsova, M. A.
name: Yurko, V. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Spectral Theory (math.SP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 34A55 34B24 47E05

description: We study Sturm-Liouville operators on closed sets of a special structure, which are sometimes referred as time scales and often appear in modelling various real processes. Depending on the set structure, such operators unify both differential and difference operators. We obtain properties of their spectral characteristics and study inverse problems with respect to them. We prove that the spectral characteristics uniquely determine the operator.
description: 10 pages
Additional file 1: of A prospective investigation of interleukin-8 levels in pediatric acute respiratory failure and acute respiratory distress syndrome
Creators: name: Flori, Heidi
name: Sapru, Anil
name: Quasney, Michael
name: Gildengorin, Ginny
name: Curley, Martha
name: Matthay, Michael
name: Dahmer, Mary
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: Science Policy

description: Supplementary tables and figures for aÂ prospective investigation of interleukin-8 levels in pediatric acute respiratory failure and acute respiratory distress syndrome. Supplementary tables (S1â S5) and figures (S1â S2) are found in the additional file. (DOCX 273 kb)
MOESM3 of Training through malaria research: building capacity in good clinical and laboratory practice in Liberia
Creators: name: Mayor, Alfredo
name: Martínez-Pérez, Guillermo
name: Tarr-Attia, Christine
name: Bondey Breeze-Barry
name: Sarukhan, Adelaida
name: García-Sípido, Ana
name: Hurtado, Juan
name: Dawoh Lansana
name: Casamitjana, Núria
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 3. Program of the Workshop in scientific writing.
Persistent currents in a circular array of Bose-Einstein condensates
Creators: name: Paraoanu, Gh. -S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A ring-shaped array of Bose-Einstein condensed atomic gases can display circular currents if the relative phase of neighboring condensates becomes locked to certain values. It is shown that, irrespective of the mechanism responsible for generating these states, only a restricted set of currents are stable, depending on the number of condensates, on the interaction and tunneling energies, and on the total number of particles. Different instabilities due to quasiparticle excitations are characterized and possible experimental setups for testing the stability prediction are also discussed.
description: 7 pages, REVTex 4
Hunting white dwarfs at the center of planetary nebulae
Creators: name: Ahumada, Javier
name: Weidmann, Walter
name: Bertolami, Marcelo Miller
name: Saker, Leila
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present Gemini-South observations of nine faint and extended planetary nebulae. Using direct images taken with the spectrograph GMOS, we built the $(u' - g')$ vs. $(g' - r')$ diagrams of the stars in the observed areas which allowed us, also considering their geometrical positions, to identify the probable central stars of the nebulae. Our stellar spectra of seven stars, also taken with GMOS, indicate that four (and probably two more) objects are white dwarfs of the DAO subtype. Moreover, the white dwarf status of the four stars is confirmed by the parameters $ T_{\mathrm{eff}}$ and $ \log g$ derived with the help of theoretical stellar spectra. Given this evidence, we propose that these hot stars are the central ionizing sources of the nebulae. With this work we hope to help improve the current scarce statistics on central white dwarfs in planetary nebulae.
Nucleation and microstructure study of βSn in lead-free solders
Creators: name: Daszki, Armin
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2021

description: Pb-free solders typically exhibit a single nucleation event which results in a limited number of grain orientations, impacting mechanical properties. This thesis explores the influence of common phases on the nucleation of βSn, and βSn microstructure in solder balls and joints. It was found that primary Ni3Sn4 particles and a Ni3Sn4 reaction layer reduce βSn nucleation undercooling. A reproducible orientation relationship between Ni3Sn4 and βSn was found here. Furthermore, it was shown that in the absence of Ni3Sn4, a metastable NiSn4 phase may form, which is able to nucleate βSn. Primary Ag3Sn plates were shown here to frequently nucleate βSn in SAC305 solder balls, with a previously reported orientation relationship measured between these phases. The presence of larger primary Ag3Sn plates was also linked to a more complex βSn microstructure composed of interrelated cyclic twinning. However, it was also shown that thermally cycling SAC305 solder alloy reduced the frequency of primary Ag3Sn plates observed. A nucleation rate approach was used to compare modes of nucleation in similar solder samples. Specifically, it was shown that the nucleation of βSn on primary Ni3Sn4 particles, a Ni3Sn4 reaction layer, and a large Ni3Sn4 single crystal is a result of the same nucleation mechanism at different number densities. Conversely it is shown that nucleation on primary Cu6Sn5 particles and a Cu6Sn5 reaction layer is a result of a different nucleation mechanism. Finally the microstructures of βSn in SAC305 solder alloy were studied in detail and classified into groups based on the presence of primary Ag3Sn, and the complexity and amount of βSn interlacing. Where past research noted a relationship between βSn nucleation undercooling and interlacing amount, this thesis presents an additional relationship to the presence and size of primary Ag3Sn plates. Finally, interlacing microstructures of Double Hollow Cone and Cores are examined here, and show that βSn nucleation can occur near the surface in the absence of primary Ag3Sn.
From Turbulence to Landscapes: Universality of Logarithmic Mean Profiles in Bounded Complex Systems
Creators: name: Hooshyar, Milad
name: Bonetti, Sara
name: Singh, Arvind
name: Foufoula-Georgiou, Efi
name: Porporato, Amilcare
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The logarithmic mean-velocity profile is a key experimental and theoretical result in wall-bounded turbulence. Similarly, here we show that the topographic surface emerging between parallel zero-elevation boundaries presents an intermediate region with a logarithmic mean-elevation profile. We use model simulations, which account for growth, erosion, and smoothing processes and give rise to complex topography with channel branching and fractal river networks, as well as data from a physical landscape-evolution experiment. Dimensional and self-similarity arguments are used to corroborate this finding. Our results suggest a universality of the logarithmic scaling in bounded complex systems out of equilibrium, of which landscape topography and turbulence are quintessential examples.
Ultrafilter spaces on the semilattice of partitions
Creators: name: Halbeisen, Lorenz
name: Loewe, Benedikt
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Logic (math.LO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 54A05; 54D80; 54A10; 03E17; 03E35

description: The Stone-Cech compactification of the natural numbers bN, or equivalently, the space of ultrafilters on the subsets of omega, is a well-studied space with interesting properties. If one replaces the subsets of omega by partitions of omega, one can define corresponding, non-homeomorphic spaces of partition ultrafilters. It will be shown that these spaces still have some of the nice properties of bN, even though none is homeomorphic to bN. Further, in a particular space, the minimal height of a tree pi-base and P-points are investigated.
Pseudosmittia lamasi Andersen, Saether et Mendes. C 2010
Creators: name: Ferrington Jr, Leonard C.
name: Saether, Ole A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Chironomidae
Pseudosmittia
Pseudosmittia lamasi

description: Pseudosmittia lamasi Andersen, Saether et Mendes
(Fig. 103 A, B)
 Pseudosmittia lamasi Andersen, Saether et Mendes, 2010: 49.
 Material examined: BRAZIL: São Paulo State, Estação Ecológica Juréia-Itatins, Peruíbe, 24º31'06''S; 47º12'06''W, Malaise (Trilha 1), holotype male, 3.v.2002, N. W. Peixoto & eq. (PEJU17: BIOTA-FAPESP) (MZUSP). Paratype male, same data as holotype except for 6.v.2002, (PEJU11) (ZMBN).
 Diagnostic characters: The large lobe-like superior volsella with median volsella either lacking or fused with inferior or superior volsella is unique within the genus. The presence of a hyaline bare anal point is unique among the Neotropical known species. The inner surface of the gonostylus is covered by long and dense microtrichia like in the trilobata and forcipata subgroups and most of the uncata subgroup.
 The species known from São Paulo State, Brazil, is described in detail by Andersen et al. (2010: 49). It is rather different from other members of the angusta group and may not even belong to Pseudosmittia.
description: Published as part of Ferrington Jr, Leonard C. & Saether, Ole A., 2011, A revision of the genera Pseudosmittia Edwards, 1932, Allocladius Kieffer, 1913, and Hydrosmittia gen. n. (Diptera: Chironomidae, Orthocladiinae) 2849, pp. 1-314 in Zootaxa 2849 (1) on pages 270-271, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2849.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5288200
The molecular landscape of Asian breast cancers reveals clinically relevant population-specific differences
Creators: name: Pan, Jia-Wern
name: Zabidi, Muhammad Mamduh Ahmad
name: Ng, Pei-Sze
name: Meng, Mei-Yee
name: Hasan, Siti Norhidayu
name: Sandey, Bethan
name: Sammut, Stephen-John
name: Yip, Cheng-Har
name: Rajadurai, Pathmanathan
name: Rueda, Oscar M.
name: Caldas, Carlos
name: Chin, Suet-Feung
name: Teo, Soo-Hwang
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: Article
/631/67/1347
/631/67/69
/692/4028/67/1347
/45/23
/45/91
/38/39
/13/51
article

description: Abstract: Molecular profiling of breast cancer has enabled the development of more robust molecular prognostic signatures and therapeutic options for breast cancer patients. However, non-Caucasian populations remain understudied. Here, we present the mutational, transcriptional, and copy number profiles of 560 Malaysian breast tumours and a comparative analysis of breast cancers arising in Asian and Caucasian women. Compared to breast tumours in Caucasian women, we show an increased prevalence of HER2-enriched molecular subtypes and higher prevalence of TP53 somatic mutations in ER+ Asian breast tumours. We also observe elevated immune scores in Asian breast tumours, suggesting potential clinical response to immune checkpoint inhibitors. Whilst HER2-subtype and enriched immune score are associated with improved survival, presence of TP53 somatic mutations is associated with poorer survival in ER+ tumours. Taken together, these population differences unveil opportunities to improve the understanding of this disease and lay the foundation for precision medicine in different populations.
title: 03_0781
Creators: name: Wesley Baldwin, John
name: Baldwin, John W.
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: LaMOP
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris

description: L'ensemble de ces notes ont été crée par John Baldwin lors d'une de ses premières périodes de résidence à Paris. Ces documents comprennent tous les magistri qu’il avait pu rencontrer dans ses sources. Aux XIIème et XIIIème siècles, les universités n'existant pas encore, le titre de magister s'il évoque certainement une compétence n'est pas rattaché de façon systématique au passage par les écoles. De surcroît, les magistris sont le plus souvent désignés par leur seul prénom. La lecture de ces données est donc difficile et suppose un long travail pour tenter d'identifier un individu auquel on pourrait rattacher plusieurs mentions. John Baldwin avait donc renoncé à utiliser ces données pour donner un prolongement à sa magnifique étude sur les gradués d'université et leur emploi par les Capétiens et les Plantagenêts. Néanmoins, il a conservé ces données et elles sont potentiellement très utile dans le cadre de Studium, comme le sont toutes les mentions dans les volumes des Fasti Ecclesiae Gallicanae de chanoines portant ce titre de magister sans autres précisions. L'ampleur des dépouillements rend ces données très utiles et nous devons une grande reconnaissance à John Baldwin pour avoir pris la peine de faire photocopier ses fiches et de nous les avoir transmises amicalement.
Les données ainsi que les images des fiches sont accessibles sur le site Internet à l'adresse suivante : http://studium-baldwin.lamop.fr/.
Les transcriptions des fiches ont été effectuées par des étudiants de Paris 1 Panthéon - Sorbonne mais elles n'ont pas été corrigées par la suite.
description: Relation: https://lamop.hypotheses.org/
Electric Field Assisted Self-Healing of Open Circuits with Conductive Particle-Insulating Fluid Dispersions: Optimizing Dispersion Concentration
Creators: name: Parab, Virendra
name: Prasad, Oppili
name: Pillai, Sreelal
name: Sambandan, Sanjiv
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2019
Subjects: Article
/639/166/987
/639/766/119
/639/166
/639/766
article

description: Abstract: Open circuit faults in electronic systems are a common failure mechanism, particularly in large area electronic systems such as display and image sensor arrays, flexible electronics and wearable electronics. To address this problem several methods to self heal open faults in real time have been investigated. One approach of interest to this work is the electric field assisted self-healing (eFASH) of open faults. eFASH uses a low concentration dispersion of conductive particles in an insulating fluid that is packaged over the interconnect. The electric field appearing in the open fault in a current carrying interconnect polarizes the conductive particles and chains them up to create a heal. This work studies the impact of dispersion concentration on the heal time, heal impedance and cross-talk when eFASH is used for self-healing. Theoretical predictions are supported by experimental evidence and an optimum dispersion concentration for effective self-healing is identified.
A dressed bag model study of the final-state $NΔ$ interaction in photoproduction processes off the deuteron
Creators: name: Obukhovsky, I. T.
name: Kukulin, V. I.
name: Kaskulov, M. M.
name: Grabmayr, P.
name: Faessler, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The impact of the short-range $NΔ$ interaction on the pion photoproduction processes off the deuteron in the $Δ$-resonance region is studied in the framework of recently proposed dressed-bag model. A common dressing procedure for bare three- and six-quark states is used to describe both the pion decay widths of baryon resonances and the effective $NN$ (or $NΔ$) interaction at short ranges related to the inner dressed-bag states. It is shown that the effect of short-range $NΔ$ interaction for the forward-angle $π^\mathrm{o}$ photoproduction off the deuteron cannot be neglected. The prospects for further development of the model to describe the short-range $NN$ (or $NΔ$) correlations in the lightest nuclei are discussed.
Antenatal breastfeeding education through routine prenatal care at a community hospital: A quality improvement initiative
Creators: name: Kane, Mia
name: Ham, Jennifer
name: Chang, Dana
Publisher: name: Oregon Health and Science University
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Prenatal Care
subject: Lactation
subject: Health Promotion
subject: Breast Feeding
subject: Milk, Human
subject: Education
subject: Oregon
subject: antenatal
subject: prenatal education
subject: breastfeeding
subject: education
subject: human milk
subject: health promotion
subject: cessation
subject: lactation
subject: quality improvement

description: A community hospital identified barriers to breastfeeding support, including inconsistent lactation education and provider knowledge. A ten-week quality improvement project using the Plan-Do-Study-Act framework integrated evidence-based lactation education into routine prenatal care, with 79% of patients receiving education. The initiative improved provider adherence and documentation, with future recommendations to expand education efforts and address workflow issues for better breastfeeding outcomes.
NEP: a module for the parallel solution of nonlinear eigenvalue problems in SLEPc
Creators: name: Campos, Carmen
name: Roman, Jose E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Software (cs.MS)
subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: SLEPc is a parallel library for the solution of various types of large-scale eigenvalue problems. In the last years we have been developing a module within SLEPc, called NEP, that is intended for solving nonlinear eigenvalue problems. These problems can be defined by means of a matrix-valued function that depends nonlinearly on a single scalar parameter. We do not consider the particular case of polynomial eigenvalue problems (which are implemented in a different module in SLEPc) and focus here on rational eigenvalue problems and other general nonlinear eigenproblems involving square roots or any other nonlinear function. The paper discusses how the NEP module has been designed to fit the needs of applications and provides a description of the available solvers, including some implementation details such as parallelization. Several test problems coming from real applications are used to evaluate the performance and reliability of the solvers.
Additional file 5 of Endometrial mesenchymal stromal/stem cells improve regeneration of injured endometrium in mice
Creators: name: Li, Tianqi
name: Chan, Rachel W.S.
name: Li, Raymond H.W.
name: Ng, Ernest H.Y.
name: Zhang, Songying
name: Yeung, William S.B.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology

description: Supplementary Material 5
Sparse spectral methods on disk-slices, trapeziums and spherical caps
Creators: name: Snowball, Benjamin Samuel Thomas
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2021

description: This thesis develops sparse spectral methods for solving partial differential equations (PDEs) on various multidimensional domains, with a specific focus on the disk-slice and trapezium in 2D, and the spherical cap in 3D. For the latter, the PDEs are surface PDEs involving Laplace-Beltrami operators, spherical gradients and other spherical operators. We begin with an introduction to sparse spectral methods via viewing spherical harmonics as multidimensional orthogonal polynomials in x, y, and z. We explain how differential operators can be applied as banded-block-banded matrix operators to coefficient vectors for a function’s expansion. Further, we demonstrate how vector spherical harmonics in x, y, and z can be used as an orthogonal basis for vector-valued functions, yielding similar banded-block-banded gradient and divergence operators. We move on to presenting a new framework for choosing a suitable orthogonal polynomial basis for more general 2D domains defined via an algebraic curve as a boundary. This work builds on the observation that sparsity is guaranteed due to this definition of the boundary, and that the entries of partial differential operators can be determined using formulae in terms of (non-classical) univariate orthogonal polynomials. Triangles and the full disk are then special cases of our framework, which we formalise for the disk-slice and trapezium. Piecing together the techniques used thus far, we present a new orthogonal polynomial basis and sparse spectral method for the spherical cap, complete with the same observation of the guaranteed sparsity of operators. The motivation is for one to use spherical caps bands as in a spectral element method for the sphere, with many applications in meteorology and astrophysics – in particular, as a potential replacement of the spherical harmonics approach currently in use at ECMWF, which is predicted to become too costly due to a parallel scalability bottleneck arising from the global spectral transform.
A Global View of the Off-Shell Higgs Portal
Creators: name: Ruhdorfer, Maximilian
name: Salvioni, Ennio
name: Weiler, Andreas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study for the first time the collider reach on the derivative Higgs portal, the leading effective interaction that couples a pseudo Nambu-Goldstone boson (pNGB) scalar Dark Matter to the Standard Model. We focus on Dark Matter pair production through an off-shell Higgs boson, which is analyzed in the vector boson fusion channel. A variety of future high-energy lepton colliders as well as hadron colliders are considered, including CLIC, a muon collider, the High-Luminosity and High-Energy versions of the LHC, and FCC-hh. Implications on the parameter space of pNGB Dark Matter are discussed. In addition, we give improved and extended results for the collider reach on the marginal Higgs portal, under the assumption that the new scalars escape the detector, as motivated by a variety of beyond the Standard Model scenarios.
description: 12 pages + appendices and references, 10 figures; v2: minor revisions and a few additions, including extra references; v3: new figure comparing VBF reach to parameter regions compatible with first-order EW phase transition (Figure 9), additional references. This version is more up to date than the published one
MOESM1 of Training through malaria research: building capacity in good clinical and laboratory practice in Liberia
Creators: name: Mayor, Alfredo
name: Martínez-Pérez, Guillermo
name: Tarr-Attia, Christine
name: Bondey Breeze-Barry
name: Sarukhan, Adelaida
name: García-Sípido, Ana
name: Hurtado, Juan
name: Dawoh Lansana
name: Casamitjana, Núria
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1. Program of the GCLP Workshop.
11 C-UCB-J synaptic PET and multimodal imaging in dementia with Lewy bodies
Creators: name: Nicastro, Nicolas
name: Holland, Negin
name: Savulich, George
name: Carter, Stephen F.
name: Mak, Elijah
name: Hong, Young T.
name: Milicevic Sephton, Selena
name: Fryer, Tim D.
name: Aigbirhio, Franklin I.
name: Rowe, James B.
name: O’Brien, John T.
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: Case Report
Synaptic imaging
Dementia
Lewy bodies
Amyloid
Tau
Brain atrophy

description: Funder: NIHR Cambridge MRC CBU
description: Funder: Cambridge Center for Parkinson Plus
description: Funder: Patrick Berthoud Charitable Trust; doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100004218
description: Abstract: Objective: Dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) is a common cause of dementia, but atrophy is mild compared to Alzheimer’s disease. We propose that DLB is associated instead with severe synaptic loss, and we test this hypothesis in vivo using positron emission tomography (PET) imaging of 11C-UCB-J, a ligand for presynaptic vesicle protein 2A (SV2A), a vesicle membrane protein ubiquitously expressed in synapses. Methods: We performed 11C-UCB-J PET in two DLB patients (an amyloid-negative male and an amyloid-positive female in their 70s) and 10 similarly aged healthy controls. The DLB subjects also underwent PET imaging of amyloid (11C-PiB) and tau (18F-AV-1451). 11C-UCB-J binding was quantified using non-displaceable binding potential (BPND) determined from dynamic imaging. Changes in 11C-UCB-J binding were correlated with MRI regional brain volume, 11C-PiB uptake and 18F-AV-1451 binding. Results: Compared to controls, both patients had decreased 11C-UCB-J binding, especially in parietal and occipital regions (FDR-corrected p < 0.05). There were no significant correlations across regions between 11C-UCB-J binding and grey matter, tau (18F-AV1451) or amyloid (11C-PiB) in either patient. Conclusions: Quantitative imaging of in vivo synaptic density in DLB is a promising approach to understanding the mechanisms of DLB, over and above changes in grey matter volume and concurrent amyloid/tau deposition.
A Flared, Orbiting, Dusty Disk Around HD 233517
Creators: name: Jura, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We find that the infrared excess around HD 233517, a first ascent red giant, can be naturally explained if the star possesses an orbiting, flared dusty disk. We estimate that the outer radius of this disk is 45 AU and that the total mass within the disk is about 0.01 the mass of the Sun. We speculate that this disk is the result of the engulfment of a low mass companion star that occurred when HD 233517 became a red giant.
description: ApJ, in press
Mesoscopic, Non-equilibrium Fluctuations of Inhomogeneous Electronic States in Manganites
Creators: name: Podzorov, V.
name: Chen, C. H.
name: Gershenson, M. E.
name: Cheong, S-W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: By using the dark-field real-space imaging technique of transmission electron microscopy (TEM), we have observed slow 200 A-scale fluctuations of charge-ordered (CO) phase in mixed-valent manganites under a strong electron beam irradiation. In addition to these unusual fluctuations of the CO phase, we observed the switching-type fluctuations of electrical resistivity in the same sample, which were found to be as large as several percents. Systematic analysis indicates that these two different types of fluctuations with a similar time scale of the order of seconds are interconnected through a meta-stable insulating charge-disordered state. Current dependence of the fluctuations suggests a non-equilibrium nature of this slow dynamics.
description: To appear in Europhysics Letters
Semantic neural representation for SLAM and scene understanding
Creators: name: Zhi, Shuaifeng
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2021

description: Semantic simultaneous localisation and mapping (SLAM) has advanced remarkably over the past few years with the application of deep learning techniques. We are in the middle of a rapid progression from SLAM systems that simply reconstruct geometry towards understanding what is where in scenes. Semantically enriched maps will ultimately help intelligent robots improve the range and sophistication of their interactions with the world. A key enabler of this capability is the scene representation, which defines how intelligent robots perceive, store and understand environmental attributes (i.e., physics, semantics, dynamics and interactions) from continuous observations. Geometric representation itself has long been a central research topic, and researchers have developed many ways to reconstruct the shape of scenes accurately and efficiently. We believe that representing geometry and semantics jointly is the right direction for scene models which are both optimally efficient and the most useful for actionable intelligence. The work in this thesis concerns using tools from deep learning to enable joint representation of both geometry and semantics in SLAM systems and scene understanding. First we propose to learn code-based compact scene representations given large-scale datasets of images, depth maps and dense semantic labelling. The code representations of geometry and semantics are learned separately and enables joint optimisation at runtime, leading to a new multi-view label fusion approach and a preliminary dense monocular semantic mapping system. Secondly we explore a scene-specific implicit representation jointly encoding appearance, geometry and semantics. Without any external data, we show that the smoothness and consistency within our approach enable accurate semantic rendering given only sparse or noisy in-place annotation. Lastly, the real impact of this implicit representation in an super-efficient interactive scene labelling tool is shown.
On the complexity of Hamel bases of infinite dimensional Banach spaces
Creators: name: Halbeisen, Lorenz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Logic (math.LO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 46B20; 54E52

description: We call a subset S of a topological vector space V linearly Borel, if for every finite number n, the set of all linear combinations of S of length n is a Borel subset of V. It will be shown that a Hamel base of an infinite dimensional Banach space can never be linearly Borel. This answers a question of Anatolij Plichko.
MOESM2 of Training through malaria research: building capacity in good clinical and laboratory practice in Liberia
Creators: name: Mayor, Alfredo
name: Martínez-Pérez, Guillermo
name: Tarr-Attia, Christine
name: Bondey Breeze-Barry
name: Sarukhan, Adelaida
name: García-Sípido, Ana
name: Hurtado, Juan
name: Dawoh Lansana
name: Casamitjana, Núria
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 2. Program of the SOP Workshop.
High-p_T Pion Production in Heavy-Ion Collisions at RHIC energies
Creators: name: Barnafoldi, G. G.
name: Levai, P.
name: Papp, G.
name: Fai, G.
name: Zhang, Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Perturbative QCD results on pion production are presented in proton-proton, proton-nucleus and nucleus-nucleus collisions from CERN SPS up to RHIC energy. A K_{jet}(s, p_T, Q) factor obtained from jet production is applied to perform next-to-leading order calculations. Using the intrinsic transverse momentum (k_T) we determined transverse momentum spectra for pions in wide energy region. We have investigated nuclear multiscattering and the Cronin effect at RHIC energies.
description: Talk given at XXXII. International Symposion on Multiparticle Dynamics (ISMD'02) Alusha, Crimea, Ukraine, 7-13 September 2002. 4 pages in Latex, 1 PS figure
Functional characterisation of microRNA-125b in pancreatic β-cells
Creators: name: Cheung, Rebecca
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2021

description: Pancreatic β-cells in the islets of Langerhans regulate glucose homeostasis by secreting insulin in response to elevated levels of glucose in the circulation and impairment of their function can contribute to the development of type 2 diabetes (T2D). MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short non-coding RNAs that silence gene expression post-transcriptionally and play a vital role in the development and function of endocrine cells. MiRNAs fine-tune the expression of β-cell genes to regulate glucose homeostasis whilst their own expression is altered in T2D. MiR-125b-5p (miR-125b) is a highly conserved miRNA that is ubiquitously expressed and targets many genes in a cell-specific manner. Its role is well characterized in diseases such as cancer, but in β-cells remains unclear. Islet miR-125b expression is upregulated by glucose through the energy sensor, AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), and positively correlates with body mass index (BMI) in human islet donors. Thus, we hypothesized that miR-125b may contribute to the deleterious effects of hyperglycaemia in β-cells and aimed to determine the function of miR-125b in these cells. Here, I show that CRISPR/Cas9 mediated knockout of miR-125b in a human β-cell line (EndoCβ-H1) enhances glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS) and results in shorter, more fragmented mitochondria, whilst overexpression of miR-125b in a mouse insulinoma cell line (MIN6) results in reduced insulin content, the appearance of enlarged lysosomes and protects cells against cytokine-induced β-cell death. Importantly, overexpression of miR-125b in β-cells of mice causes impairments in glucose tolerance due to defects in insulin secretion, attributed to the strong reduction in mature insulin granule content and crystallization and abnormally enlarged lysosomes. Furthermore, miR-125b has a profound impact on the expression of genes involved in lysosomal and mitochondrial function in β-cells. In summary, my study has shown that miR-125b is a negative regulator of insulin secretion and a potential fine-tuner of mitochondrial and lysosomal metabolism in β-cells. My findings provide new insights into the role of miR-125b in β-cell function and point towards the inhibition of this miRNA in these cells as a potential therapeutic approach for the treatment of T2D.
Multiple scattering of light by atoms with internal degeneracy
Creators: name: Mueller, C. A.
name: Miniatura, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An analytical microscopic theory for the resonant multiple scattering of light by cold atoms with arbitrary internal degeneracy is presented. It permits to calculate the average amplitude and the average intensity for one-photon states of the full transverse electromagnetic field in a dilute medium of unpolarized atoms. Special emphasis is laid upon an analysis in terms of irreducible representations of the rotation group. It allows to sum explicitly the ladder and maximally crossed diagrams, giving the average intensity in the Boltzmann approximation and the interference corrections responsible for weak localization and coherent backscattering. The exact decomposition into field modes shows that the atomic internal degeneracy contributes to the depolarization of the average intensity and suppresses the interference corrections. Static as well as dynamic quantities like the transport velocity, diffusion constants and relaxation times for all field modes and all atomic transitions are derived.
description: Corrected minor errors. Slightly extended version of the article appeared in print
Generation of Optical Chirality Patterns with Plane Waves, Evanescent Waves and Surface Plasmon Waves
Creators: name: Zhang, Jiwei
name: Huang, Shiang-Yu
name: Lin, Zhan-Hong
name: Huang, Jer-Shing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We systematically investigate the generation of optical chirality patterns by applying the superposition of two waves in three scenarios, namely plane waves in free space, evanescent waves of totally reflected light at dielectric interface and propagating surface plasmon waves on a metallic surface. In each scenario, the general analytical solution of the optical chirality pattern is derived for different polarization states and propagating directions of the two waves. The analytical solutions are verified by numerical simulations. Spatially structured optical chirality patterns can be generated in all scenarios if the incident polarization states and propagation directions are correctly chosen. Optical chirality enhancement can be obtained from the constructive interference of free-space circularly polarized light or enhanced evanescent waves of totally reflected light. Surface plasmon waves do not provide enhanced optical chirality unless the near-field intensity enhancement is sufficiently high. The structured optical chirality patterns may find applications in chirality sorting, chiral imaging and circular dichroism spectroscopy.
Gallium vacancy and the residual acceptor in undoped GaSb studied by positron lifetime spectroscopy and photoluminescence
Creators: name: Ling, C. C.
name: Mui, W. K.
name: Lam, C. H.
name: Beling, C. D.
name: Fung, S.
name: Lui, M. K.
name: Cheah, K. W.
name: Li, K. F.
name: Zhao, Y. W.
name: Gong, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Positron lifetime, Photoluminescence and Hall measurements were performed to study undoped p-type gallium antimonide materials. A 314ps lifetime component, attributed to $V_{Ga}$ related defect, was identified in the positron lifetime measurement. In the PL measurement, a $778meV$ and a $797meV$ peaks were observed. Isochronal annealing studies were performed and at the temperature of $300^{o}C$, both the 314ps positron lifetime component and the two PL signals disappeared, which gives a clear and strong evidence for their correlation. However, the hole concentration ($\sim 2\times 10^{17}cm^{-3}$) was observed to be constant throughout the whole annealing temperature range up to $500^{o}C$. Contradictory to general belief, this implies, at least for samples with annealing temperatures above $300^{o}C$, the Ga vacancy is not the acceptor responsible for the p-type conduction.
description: 3 pages, 3 figures
Additional file 1: of Direct oral anticoagulants in treatment of cerebral venous thrombosis: a systematic review protocol
Creators: name: Gauruv Bose
name: Graveline, Justin
name: Vignan Yogendrakumar
name: Fergusson, Dean
name: Dar Dowlatshahi
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: Space Science
Medicine
Pharmacology
Computational Biology

description: Search strategy. (DOCX 15 kb)
Monopoles, sphalerons and instantons in strong magnetic fields
Creators: name: Ho, David
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2021

description: Magnetic monopoles are hypothetical particles consisting of an isolated north or south magnetic pole without a partner. Though they are currently unobserved, predictions from quantum field theory indicate that if they do exist, they should be produced in north-south pairs by a strong enough magnetic field. The rate of production of monopoles in weak, constant magnetic fields has been known for decades, but strong fields and fields that change in space and time present significant complications. This thesis calculates the rate of monopole production in time-dependent fields, and in constant fields well beyond the weak-field limit. We find that in field theories admitting monopoles as topological solitons, such as Grand Unified Theories, monopole production occurs by a classical instability when the field exceeds the Ambjørn-Olesen critical field strength. In doing this, we explicitly compute new sphaleron and instanton solutions in Georgi-Glashow SU(2) theory for the first time. The techniques we use to find these solutions are applicable beyond monopole production---we also compute the electroweak sphaleron configuration, responsible for baryon and lepton number violation in the Standard Model, in the background of a strong magnetic field, over the full range of physically relevant field strengths. Our calculations are motivated by the possibility of producing monopoles in ultrarelativistic heavy ion collisions, which generate some of the strongest magnetic fields in the known Universe. Though a complete calculation of the monopole production cross section in these collisions remains elusive, we present approximations that can reasonably be expected to give a lower bound on the overall production probability, and compute the approximate momentum distribution of the produced particles. This information can be used directly by experimental collaborations to place bounds on monopole masses using data from heavy ion collisions.
Mg and Li Stable Isotope Ratios of Rocks, Minerals, and Water in an Outlet Glacier of the Greenland Ice Sheet
Creators: name: Hindshaw, Ruth S.
name: Rickli, Jörg
name: Leuthold, Julien
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2019
Subjects: Earth Science
chemical weathering
Leverett glacier
mineral separates
silicate
Li isotopes
Mg isotopes

description: Magnesium and lithium stable isotope ratios (δ26Mg and δ7Li) have shown promise as tools to elucidate biogeochemical processes both at catchment scales and in deciphering global climate processes. Nevertheless, the controls on riverine Mg and Li isotope ratios are often difficult to determine as a myriad of factors can cause fractionation from bulk rock values such as secondary mineral formation and preferential weathering of isotopically distinct mineral phases. Quantifying the relative contribution from carbonate and silicate minerals to the dissolved load of glacierized catchments is particularly crucial for determining the role of chemical weathering in modulating the carbon cycle over glacial-interglacial periods. In this study we report Mg and Li isotope data for water, river sediment, rock, and mineral separates from the Leverett Glacier catchment, West Greenland. We assess whether the silicate mineral contributions to the dissolved load, previously determined using radiogenic Sr, Ca, Nd, and Hf isotopes, are consistent with dissolved Mg and Li isotope data, or whether a carbonate contribution is required as inferred previously for this region. For δ7Li, the average dissolved river water value (+19.2 ± 2.5‰, 2SD) was higher than bedrock, river sediment, and mineral δ7Li values, implying a fractionation process. For δ26Mg, the average dissolved river water value (−0.30 ± 0.14‰, 2SD) was within error of bedrock and river sediment and within the range of mineral δ26Mg values (−1.63 to +0.06‰). The river δ26Mg values are consistent with the mixing of Mg derived from the same mineral phases previously identified from radiogenic isotope measurements as controlling the dissolved load chemistry. Glacier fed rivers previously measured in this region had δ26Mg values ~0.80‰ lower than those measured in the Leverett River which could be caused by a larger contribution from garnet (−1.63‰) dissolution compared to Leverett. This study highlights that dissolved Mg and Li isotope ratios in the Leverett River are affected by different processes (mixing and fractionation), and that since variations in silicate mineral δ26Mg values exist, preferential weathering of individual silicate minerals should be considered in addition to carbonate when interpreting dissolved δ26Mg values.
Functional calculus for cadlag paths and applications to model-free finance
Creators: name: Chiu, Henry
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2021

description: This thesis synthesise my research on analysis and control of path-dependent random systems under uncertainty. In the first chapter, we revisit Foellmer's concept of pathwise quadratic variation for a cadlag path and show that his definition can be reformulated in terms of convergence of quadratic sums in the Skorokhod topology. This new definition is simpler and amenable to define higher order variation for a cadlag path. In the second chapter, we introduced a new topology for functionals and adopted an abstract formulation of Functional calculus on generic domain based on the differentials introduced by Dupire (2009), Cont & Fournie (2010). Our aim is not to generalise an existing rich theory for irregular paths e.g. Lyons (1998), Friz & Hairer (2014) but to introduce a bespoke and yet versatile calculus for causal random system in general and mathematical finance in particular, in order to solve problems practically as well as bring in new aspects under uncertainty. In the final chapter, we apply functional calculus to study mathematical finance under uncertainty. We first show that every self-financing portfolio can be represented by a pathwise integral and that every generic market is arbitrage free, a fundamental property that is linked to the solution, which is characterised by a fully non-linear path dependent equation, to the optimal hedging problem under uncertainty. In particular, we obtain explicit solution for the Asian option.
Kondo resonance in a multi-probe quantum dot
Creators: name: Sun, Qing-feng
name: Guo, Hong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a theoretical analysis of a possible route for directly detecting Kondo resonances in local density of states (LDOS) of an interacting quantum dot. By very weakly couple a third and/or a fourth lead to a two-probe quantum dot and measuring differential conductance through these extra links, we show that Kondo peaks directly map onto the differential conductance measured from the third link. We analyze the conditions by which this detection of Kondo peaks in LDOS is possible.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures, LaTex