cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Minimum Entropy Production by Microswimmers with Internal Dissipation
Creators: name: Daddi-Moussa-Ider, Abdallah
name: Golestanian, Ramin
name: Vilfan, Andrej
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The energy dissipation and entropy production by self-propelled microswimmers differ profoundly from passive particles pulled by external forces. The difference extends both to the shape of the flow around the swimmer, as well as to the internal dissipation of the propulsion mechanism. Here we derive a general theorem that provides an exact lower bound on the total, external and internal, dissipation by a microswimmer. The problems that can be solved include an active surface-propelled droplet, swimmers with an extended propulsive layer and swimmers with an effective internal dissipation. We apply the theorem to determine the swimmer shapes that minimize the total dissipation while keeping the volume constant. Our results show that the entropy production by active microswimmers is subject to different fundamental limits than the entropy production by externally driven particles.
description: 14+5 pages, 6+1 figures
Trichopria stelenes Nixon 1980
Creators: name: Notton, David G.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Mymaridae
Trichopria
Trichopria stelenes

description: Trichopria stelenes Nixon, 1980: 38.
Valid name
Trichopria credne Nixon, 1980.
Summary of types
Holotype ♂, BMNH number 9.833, by original designation. Paratype ♂.
Primary type data
Burnham Beeches/ Bucks., England / Bouček 14.ix.74; Trichopria / stelenes Nixon / type ♂, 197.
Type locality
England, Buckinghamshire, Burnham Beeches.
Remarks
The holotype is mounted on a card and is entire. The synonymy of Notton (1995) is confirmed here based on similarities in the morphology of the head, scutellum and petiole, and the coincident distribution and simultaneous collection of males and females.
description: Published as part of Notton, David G., 2014, A catalogue of the types of Diapriinae (Hymenoptera, Diapriidae) at the Natural History Museum, London, pp. 1-123 in European Journal of Taxonomy 75 on page 103, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2014.75, http://zenodo.org/record/3862773
Quantum control of Rydberg atoms for mesoscopic-scale quantum state and circuit preparation
Creators: name: Crescimanna, Valerio
name: Taylor, Jacob
name: Goldberg, Aaron Z.
name: Heshami, Khabat
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Individually trapped Rydberg atoms show significant promise as a platform for scalable quantum simulation and for development of programmable quantum computers. In particular, the Rydberg blockade effect can be used to facilitate both fast qubit-qubit interactions and long coherence times via low-lying electronic states encoding the physical qubits. To bring existing Rydberg-atom-based platforms a step closer to fault-tolerant quantum computation, we demonstrate high-fidelity state and circuit preparation in a system of five atoms. We specifically show that quantum control can be used to reliably generate fully connected cluster states and to simulate the error-correction encoding circuit based on the 'Perfect Quantum Error Correcting Code' by Laflamme et al. [Phys. Rev. Lett. 77, 198 (1996)]. Our results make these ideas and their implementation directly accessible to experiments and demonstrate a promising level of noise tolerance with respect to experimental errors. With this approach, we motivate the application of quantum control in small subsystems in combination with the standard gate-based quantum circuits for direct and high-fidelity implementation of few-qubit modules.
Blind fluorescence structured illumination microscopy: A new reconstruction strategy
Creators: name: Labouesse, S.
name: Allain, M.
name: Idier, J.
name: Bourguignon, S.
name: Negash, A.
name: Liu, P.
name: Sentenac, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this communication, a fast reconstruction algorithm is proposed for fluorescence \textit{blind} structured illumination microscopy (SIM) under the sample positivity constraint. This new algorithm is by far simpler and faster than existing solutions, paving the way to 3D and/or real-time 2D reconstruction.
description: submitted to IEEE ICIP 2016
Is Thermal Conductivity of Graphene Divergent and Higher Than Diamond?
Creators: name: Han, Zherui
name: Ruan, Xiulin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The thermal conductivity of monolayer graphene is an outstanding challenge with no consensus reached on its exact value and length convergence so far. We consider four-phonon scattering, phonon renormalization, and an exact solution to phonon Boltzmann transport equation (BTE) from first principles. Using this computational formalism with unprecedented sampling grid, we show that when four-phonon scattering is included the thermal conductivity is convergent with system size at a room temperature value of 1300 W/(m$\cdot$K), which is lower than that of diamond. On the contrary, considering three-phonon scattering only yields divergence with size due to the momentum-conserving normal processes of flexural phonons.
A Digital Smart City for Emerging Mobility Systems
Creators: name: Zayas, Raymond M.
name: Beaver, Logan E.
name: Chalaki, Behdad
name: Bang, Heeseung
name: Malikopoulos, Andreas A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The increasing demand for emerging mobility systems with connected and automated vehicles has imposed the necessity for quality testing environments to support their development. In this paper, we introduce a Unity-based virtual simulation environment for emerging mobility systems, called the Information and Decision Science Lab's Scaled Smart Digital City (IDS 3D City), intended to operate alongside its physical peer and its established control framework. By utilizing the Robot Operation System, AirSim, and Unity, we constructed a simulation environment capable of iteratively designing experiments significantly faster than it is possible in a physical testbed. This environment provides an intermediate step to validate the effectiveness of our control algorithms prior to their implementation in the physical testbed. The IDS 3D City also enables us to demonstrate that our control algorithms work independently of the underlying vehicle dynamics, as the vehicle dynamics introduced by AirSim operate at a different scale than our scaled smart city. Finally, we demonstrate the behavior of our digital environment by performing an experiment in both the virtual and physical environments and comparing their outputs.
description: 6 pages, 8 figures
High-fidelity parametric beamsplitting with a parity-protected converter
Creators: name: Lu, Yao
name: Maiti, Aniket
name: Garmon, John W. O.
name: Ganjam, Suhas
name: Zhang, Yaxing
name: Claes, Jahan
name: Frunzio, Luigi
name: Girvin, S. M.
name: Schoelkopf, Robert J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Fast, high-fidelity operations between microwave resonators are an important tool for bosonic quantum computation and simulation with superconducting circuits. An attractive approach for implementing these operations is to couple these resonators via a nonlinear converter and actuate parametric processes with RF drives. It can be challenging to make these processes simultaneously fast and high fidelity, since this requires introducing strong drives without activating parasitic processes or introducing additional decoherence channels. We show that in addition to a careful management of drive frequencies and the spectrum of environmental noise, leveraging the inbuilt symmetries of the converter Hamiltonian can suppress unwanted nonlinear interactions, preventing converter-induced decoherence. We demonstrate these principles using a differentially-driven DC-SQUID as our converter, coupled to two high-Q microwave cavities. Using this architecture, we engineer a highly-coherent beamsplitter and fast ($\sim$ 100 ns) swaps between the cavities, limited primarily by their intrinsic single-photon loss. We characterize this beamsplitter in the cavities' joint single-photon subspace, and show that we can detect and post-select photon loss events to achieve a beamsplitter gate fidelity exceeding 99.98$\%$, which to our knowledge far surpasses the current state of the art.
description: Yao Lu and Aniket Maiti contributed equally to this work. Total 37 pages (Main 8 pages, Methods 6 pages, Supplement 18 pages). Total 16 figures (Main 3 figures, Methods 4 figures, Supplement 9 figures)
Additional file 1 of Thoracic aortic atherosclerosis in patients with a bicuspid aortic valve; a case–control study
Creators: name: Dolmaci, Onur B.
name: Klautz, Robert J. M.
name: Poelmann, Robert E.
name: Lindeman, Jan H. N.
name: Sprengers, Ralf
name: Kroft, Lucia
name: Grewal, Nimrat
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
classificationCode: 59999
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
classificationCode: 69999
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology
classificationCode: 110309
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1: Supplemental table 1. Patient characteristics of BAV and TAV patients in histopathological cohort (divided according to aortic valve disease†). Supplemental table 2. Patient characteristics of TAA and non-TAA patients in the clinical evaluation cohort (computed tomography). Supplemental figure 1. Coronary artery segments (according to CASS) and the corresponding weight factors used for the CAGE score [15, 22–24]. Supplemental figure 2. Examples of aortic calcification on computed tomography.
Energy transfer between gravitational waves and quantum matter
Creators: name: Gräfe, Jonathan
name: Adamietz, Falk
name: Schützhold, Ralf
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the interaction between gravitational waves and quantum matter such as Bose-Einstein condensates, super-fluid Helium, or ultra-cold solids, explicitly taking into account the changes of the trapping potential induced by the gravitational wave. As a possible observable, we consider the change of energy due to the gravitational wave, for which we derive rigorous bounds in terms of kinetic energy and particle number. Finally, we discuss implications for possible experimental tests.
description: 8 pages, added appendix B
Electron phase shift at the zero-bias anomaly of quantum point contacts
Creators: name: Brun, B.
name: Martins, F.
name: Faniel, S.
name: Hackens, B.
name: Cavanna, A.
name: Ulysse, C.
name: Ouerghi, A.
name: Gennser, U.
name: Mailly, D.
name: Simon, P.
name: Huant, S.
name: Bayot, V.
name: Sanquer, M.
name: Sellier, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Kondo effect is the many-body screening of a local spin by a cloud of electrons at very low temperature. It has been proposed as an explanation of the zero-bias anomaly in quantum point contacts where interactions drive a spontaneous charge localization. However, the Kondo origin of this anomaly remains under debate, and additional experimental evidence is necessary. Here we report on the first phase-sensitive measurement of the zero-bias anomaly in quantum point contacts using a scanning gate microscope to create an electronic interferometer. We observe an abrupt shift of the interference fringes by half a period in the bias range of the zero-bias anomaly, a behavior which cannot be reproduced by single-particle models. We instead relate it to the phase shift experienced by electrons scattering off a Kondo system. Our experiment therefore provides new evidence of this many-body effect in quantum point contacts.
On-demand source of dual-rail photon pairs based on chiral interaction in a nanophotonic waveguide
Creators: name: Østfeldt, Freja T.
name: González-Ruiz, Eva M.
name: Hauff, Nils
name: Wang, Ying
name: Wieck, Andreas D.
name: Ludwig, Arne
name: Schott, Rüdiger
name: Midolo, Leonardo
name: Sørensen, Anders S.
name: Uppu, Ravitej
name: Lodahl, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Entanglement is the fuel of advanced quantum technology. It is for instance consumed in measurement-based quantum computing and allows loss-tolerant encoding of quantum information. In photonics, entanglement has traditionally been generated probabilistically, requiring massive multiplexing for scaling up to many photons. An alternative approach utilizes quantum emitters in nanophotonic devices for deterministic generation of single photons, which an be extended to two- and multi-photon generation on demand. The proposed polarization-entanglement sources are, however, incompatible with spatial dual-rail qubit encoding, which is preferred in photonic quantum computing realized in scalable integrated photonic circuits. Here we propose and experimentally realize an on-demand source of dual-rail photon pairs using a quantum dot in a planar nanophotonic waveguide. The source exploits the cascaded decay of a biexciton state and chiral light-matter coupling to achieve deterministic generation of spatial dual-rail Bell pairs with the amount of entanglement determined by the chirality. The operational principle can readily be extended to multi-photon entanglement generation, and such sources may be interfaced with advanced photonic-integrated circuits, e.g., for efficient preparation of entanglement resource states for photonic quantum computing.
description: 15 pages, 3 main figures and 8 supplementary figures
Free-floating planets from core accretion theory: microlensing predictions
Creators: name: Ma, Sizheng
name: Mao, Shude
name: Ida, Shigeru
name: Zhu, Wei
name: Lin, Douglas N. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate the microlensing event rate and typical time-scales for the free-floating planet (FFP) population that is predicted by the core accretion theory of planet formation. The event rate is found to be ~$1.8\times 10^{-3}$ of that for the stellar population. While the stellar microlensing event time-scale peaks at around 20 days, the median time-scale for FFP events (~0.1 day) is much shorter. Our values for the event rate and the median time-scale are significantly smaller than those required to explain the \cite{Sum+11} result, by factors of ~13 and ~16, respectively. The inclusion of planets at wide separations does not change the results significantly. This discrepancy may be too significant for standard versions of both the core accretion theory and the gravitational instability model to explain satisfactorily. Therefore, either a modification to the planet formation theory is required, or other explanations to the excess of short-time-scale microlensing events are needed. Our predictions can be tested by ongoing microlensing experiment such as KMTNet, and by future satellite missions such as WFIRST and Euclid.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures, MNRAS in press
Boson Stars and Oscillatons: A Review
Creators: name: Visinelli, Luca
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Compact objects occupy a pivotal role in the exploration of Nature. The interest spans from the role of compact objects in astrophysics to their detection through various methods (gravitational waves interferometry, microlensing, imaging). While the existence of compact objects made of fermions (neutron stars and white dwarfs) has been assessed, a parallel search for localized solitons made of bosons is ongoing, stemming from Wheeler's original proposal of electromagnetic "geons". Boson fields can clump up and form compact objects such as boson stars (for complex scalar fields), oscillons and oscillatons (for real scalar fields), or Proca stars (for massive vector fields), which can show up in searches as black hole mimickers, dark matter sources, and a variety of other phenomena. I review some crucial properties of these bosonic systems, including recent progress in the field.
description: 48 pages, 4 figures, 2 tables. Matches the version accepted for publication on IJMPD
Towards the impact of GMC collisions on the star formation rate
Creators: name: Hunter, Glen H.
name: Clark, Paul C.
name: Glover, Simon C. O.
name: Klessen, Ralf S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Collisions between giant molecular clouds (GMCs) are one of the pathways for massive star formation, due to the high densities created. However the enhancement of the star formation rate (SFR) is not well constrained. In this study we perform a parameter study of cloud-cloud collisions, and investigate how the resulting SFR depends on the details of set-up. Our parameter study explores variations in: collision speed; magnetic field inclination (with respect to the collisional axis); and resolution, as defined by the number of cells per Jeans length. In all our collision simulations we find a factor of 2-3 increase in the SFR compared to our no collision simulation, with star formation beginning sooner with a) high collisional velocities, b) parallel orientation between the magnetic field and collision axis, c) and lower resolution. The mean virial parameter of high density (and thus possible star-forming) gas increases with collisional velocity, but has little variation with magnetic field inclination. The alignment of the velocity and magnetic field remains uniform in low density environments but becomes more perpendicular with increasing density, indicating the compression of the magnetic field by collapsing gas. Comparing the trends in the SFR with other GMC collision studies, we find good agreement with studies that account for the gravitational boundedness of the gas in their star formation algorithm, but not with those that simply form stars above a prescribed density threshold. This suggests that the latter approach should be used with caution when modelling star formation on resolved cloud scales.
description: 20 pages, 15 figures, 3 tables; accepted for publication in MNRAS
The Hardy--Littlewood--Chowla conjecture in the presence of a Siegel zero
Creators: name: Tao, Terence
name: Teräväinen, Joni
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11N37, 11N36

description: Assuming that Siegel zeros exist, we prove a hybrid version of the Chowla and Hardy--Littlewood prime tuples conjectures. Thus, for an infinite sequence of natural numbers $x$, and any distinct integers $h_1,\dots,h_k,h'_1,\dots,h'_\ell$, we establish an asymptotic formula for $$\sum_{n\leq x}Λ(n+h_1)\cdots Λ(n+h_k)λ(n+h_{1}')\cdots λ(n+h_{\ell}')$$ for any $0\leq k\leq 2$ and $\ell \geq 0$. Specializing to either $\ell=0$ or $k=0$, we deduce the previously known results on the Hardy--Littlewood (or twin primes) conjecture and the Chowla conjecture under the existence of Siegel zeros, due to Heath-Brown and Chinis, respectively. The range of validity of our asymptotic formula is wider than in these previous results.
description: 54 pages, no figures. To appear in J. London Math. Soc
Critical Points in Quantum Generative Models
Creators: name: Anschuetz, Eric R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: One of the most important properties of neural networks is the clustering of local minima of the loss function near the global minimum, enabling efficient training. Though generative models implemented on quantum computers are known to be more expressive than their traditional counterparts, it has empirically been observed that these models experience a transition in the quality of their local minima. Namely, below some critical number of parameters, all local minima are far from the global minimum in function value; above this critical parameter count, all local minima are good approximators of the global minimum. Furthermore, for a certain class of quantum generative models, this transition has empirically been observed to occur at parameter counts exponentially large in the problem size, meaning practical training of these models is out of reach. Here, we give the first proof of this transition in trainability, specializing to this latter class of quantum generative model. We use techniques inspired by those used to study the loss landscapes of classical neural networks. We also verify that our analytic results hold experimentally even at modest model sizes.
Late-time Hubble Space Telescope Observations of AT 2018cow. I. Further Constraints on the Fading Prompt Emission and Thermal Properties 50--60 Days Post-discovery
Creators: name: Chen, Yuyang
name: Drout, Maria R.
name: Piro, Anthony L.
name: Kilpatrick, Charles D.
name: Foley, Ryan J.
name: Rojas-Bravo, César
name: Taggart, Kirsty
name: Siebert, Matthew R.
name: Magee, M. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The exact nature of the luminous fast blue optical transient AT 2018cow is still debated. In this first of a two-paper series, we present a detailed analysis of three Hubble Space Telescope (HST) observations of AT 2018cow covering $\sim$50--60 days post-discovery in combination with other observations throughout the first two months, and derive significantly improved constraints of the late thermal properties. By modeling the spectral energy distributions (SEDs), we confirm that the UV-optical emission over 50--60 days was still a smooth blackbody (i.e., optically thick) with a high temperature ($T_{\mathrm{BB}}\sim15000\,\mathrm{K}$) and small radius ($R_{\mathrm{BB}}\lesssim1000\,R_\odot$). Additionally, we report for the first time a break in the bolometric light curve: the thermal luminosity initially declined at a rate of $L_{\mathrm{BB}}\propto t^{-2.40}$, but faded much faster at $t^{-3.06}$ after day 13. Reexamining possible late-time power sources, we disfavor significant contributions from radioactive decay based on the required $^{56}$Ni mass and lack of UV line blanketing in the HST SEDs. We argue that the commonly proposed interaction with circumstellar material may face significant challenges in explaining the late thermal properties, particularly the effects of the optical depth. Alternatively, we find that continuous outflow/wind driven by a central engine can still reasonably explain the combination of a receding photosphere, optically thick and rapidly fading emission, and intermediate-width lines. However, the rapid fading may have further implications on the power output and structure of the system. Our findings may support the hypothesis that AT 2018cow and other "Cow-like transients" are powered mainly by accretion onto a central engine.
description: 22 pages, 10 figures. This is paper I of a two-paper series. v2: updated to the accepted version
Late-time Hubble Space Telescope Observations of AT 2018cow. II. Evolution of a UV bright Underlying Source 2--4 Yr Post-discovery
Creators: name: Chen, Yuyang
name: Drout, Maria R.
name: Piro, Anthony L.
name: Kilpatrick, Charles D.
name: Foley, Ryan J.
name: Rojas-Bravo, César
name: Magee, M. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this second of a two-paper series, we present a detailed analysis of three HST observations taken $\sim$2--4 years post-discovery, examining the evolution of a UV-bright underlying source at the precise position of AT 2018cow. While observations at $\sim$2--3 years post-discovery revealed an exceptionally blue ($L_ν\propto ν^{1.99}$) underlying source with relatively stable optical brightness, fading in the NUV was observed at year 4, indicating flattening in the spectrum (to $L_ν\propto ν^{1.64}$). The resulting spectral energy distributions can be described by an extremely hot but small blackbody, and the fading may be intrinsic (cooling) or extrinsic (increased absorption). Considering possible scenarios and explanations, we disfavor significant contributions from stellar sources and dust formation based on the observed color and brightness. By comparing the expected power and the observed luminosity, we rule out interaction with the known radio-producing circumstellar material as well as magnetar spin down with $B\sim10^{15}\,\mathrm{G}$ as possible power sources, though we cannot rule out the possible existence of a denser CSM component (e.g., previously ejected hydrogen envelope) or a magnetar with $B\lesssim10^{14}\,\mathrm{G}$. Finally, we find that a highly-inclined precessing accretion disk can reasonably explain the color, brightness, and evolution of the underlying source. However, a major uncertainty in this scenario is the mass of the central black hole (BH), as both stellar-mass and intermediate-mass BHs face notable challenges that cannot be explained by our simple disk model, and further observations and theoretical works are needed to fully constrain the nature of this underlying source.
description: 24 pages, 12 figures. This is paper II of a two-paper series. v2: updated to the accepted version. Note a mistake in v1 in the caption of Figure 6 is now fixed: removed the word "dereddened" because the plotted observed magnitudes are directly from Table 1 which are not extinction-corrected (the analyses are not affected by this)
title: Adaption of a 300 kWth Pilot Plant for Testing the Indirectly Heated Carbonate Looping Process for CO2 Capture from Lime and Cement Industry
Creators: name: Hofmann, Carina
name: Greco-Coppi, Martin
name: Ströhle, Jochen
name: Epple, Bernd
Publisher: name: UNSPECIFIED
Year: 2024

description: The indirectly heated carbonate looping process (IHCaL) is a promising technology for decarbonizing one major emitter of CO2, the lime and cement industry. Another advantage of the IHCaL is the synergy with these industries using same solid materials. Recent pilot tests showed the feasibility of the IHCaL for applications in the power plant sector, bringing the technology to a readiness level (TRL) of five. However, the integration of the IHCaL into cement and lime plants, as well as the usability of spent sorbents as educts in such productions, has not yet been proven in industrially relevant conditions. In this study, the modification of an existing 300 kWth pilot plant for demonstrating the IHCaL process in industrially relevant conditions for cement and lime is described. Energy and mass balances are calculated. On the basis of operational cases, adaptations of the pilot plant are designed, and modifications are discussed. A reactor configuration with multiple interconnections between the reactors are assessed and operational parameters are defined. The resulting experimental setup enables a wide range of variation of the operational parameters for the pilot testing.
Measurement of the binding energy of ultracold $^{87}$Rb$^{133}$Cs molecules using an offset-free optical frequency comb
Creators: name: Molony, Peter K.
name: Kumar, Avinash
name: Gregory, Philip D.
name: Kliese, Russell
name: Puppe, Thomas
name: Sueur, C. Ruth Le
name: Aldegunde, Jesus
name: Hutson, Jeremy M.
name: Cornish, Simon L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the binding energy of $^{87}$Rb$^{133}$Cs molecules in their rovibrational ground state measured using an offset-free optical frequency comb based on difference frequency generation technology. We create molecules in the absolute ground state using stimulated Raman adiabatic passage (STIRAP) with a transfer efficiency of 88\%. By measuring the absolute frequencies of our STIRAP lasers, we find the energy-level difference from an initial weakly-bound Feshbach state to the rovibrational ground state with a resolution of 5 kHz over an energy-level difference of more than 114 THz; this lets us discern the hyperfine splitting of the ground state. Combined with theoretical models of the Feshbach state binding energies and ground-state hyperfine structure, we determine a zero-field binding energy of $h\times114\,268\,135\,237(5)(50)$ kHz. To our knowledge, this is the most accurate determination to date of the dissociation energy of a molecule.
description: 8 pages, 7 figures
Additional file 1 of Predictive risk modelling of high resource users under different prescription drug coverage policies in Ontario and Manitoba, Canada
Creators: name: Kornas, Kathy
name: Sarkar, Joykrishna
name: Fransoo, Randall
name: Rosella, Laura C.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
classificationCode: 69999
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Supplementary Material 1: Description of Data Sources Used to Compute Health Care Costs in Manitoba and Ontario
Optical Intensity Interferometry through Atmospheric Turbulence
Creators: name: Tan, Peng Kian
name: Chan, Aik Hui
name: Kurtsiefer, Christian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Conventional ground-based astronomical observations suffer from image distortion due to atmospheric turbulence. This can be minimized by choosing suitable geographic locations or adaptive optical techniques, and avoided altogether by using orbital platforms outside the atmosphere. One of the promises of optical intensity interferometry is its independence from atmospherically induced phase fluctuations. By performing narrowband spectral filtering on sunlight and conducting temporal intensity interferometry using actively quenched avalanche photon detectors (APDs), the Solar $g^{(2)}(τ)$ signature was directly measured. We observe an averaged photon bunching signal of $g^{(2)}(τ) = 1.693 \pm 0.003$ from the Sun, consistently throughout the day despite fluctuating weather conditions, cloud cover and elevation angle. This demonstrates the robustness of the intensity interferometry technique against atmospheric turbulence and opto-mechanical instabilities, and the feasibility to implement measurement schemes with both large baselines and long integration times.
description: 5 pages, 6 figures
On strategies for selection games related to countable dimension
Creators: name: Caruvana, Christopher
name: Clontz, Steven
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Topology (math.GN)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 54F45, 54D20, 91A44

description: Two selection games from the literature, $G_c(\mathcal O,\mathcal O)$ and $G_1(\mathcal O_{zd},\mathcal O)$, are known to characterize countable dimension among certain spaces. This paper studies their perfect- and limited-information strategies, and investigates issues related to non-equivalent characterizations of zero-dimensionality for spaces that are not both separable and metrizable. To relate results on zero-dimensional and finite-dimensional spaces, a generalization of Telgársky's proof that the point-open and finite-open games are equivalent is demonstrated.
Phaenopria miron Nixon 1980
Creators: name: Notton, David G.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Phaenopria
Phaenopria miron

description: Phaenopria miron Nixon, 1980: 39: 40, fig. 7.
Valid name
Trichopria fucicola (Walker, 1834).
Summary of types
Holotype ♀, BMNH number 9.834, by original designation. Paratypes 7 ♀♀.
Primary type data
S.E.London/ Norwood/ ix.1929 / G.Nixon; from rotten/ fungus; Phaenopria / miron Nixon / holotype ♀, 1979.
Type locality
England, London, West Norwood.
Remarks
The holotype is mounted on a card point and is entire. Nixon says there were nine paratypes; however, only seven were found.
description: Published as part of Notton, David G., 2014, A catalogue of the types of Diapriinae (Hymenoptera, Diapriidae) at the Natural History Museum, London, pp. 1-123 in European Journal of Taxonomy 75 on page 103, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2014.75, http://zenodo.org/record/3862773
Fundamental limitations on the device-independent quantum conference key agreement
Creators: name: Horodecki, Karol
name: Winczewski, Marek
name: Das, Siddhartha
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We provide several general upper bounds on the rate of a key secure against a quantum adversary in the device-independent conference key agreement (DI-CKA) scenario. They include bounds by reduced entanglement measures and those based on multipartite secrecy monotones such as a multipartite squashed entanglement-based measure, which we refer to as reduced c-squashed entanglement. We compare the latter bound with the known lower bound for the protocol of conference key distillation based on the parity Clauser-Horne-Shimony-Holt game. We also show that the gap between the DI-CKA rate and the device-dependent rate is inherited from the bipartite gap between device-independent and device-dependent key rates, giving examples that exhibit the strict gap.
description: v1: 15 pages, 2 figures. See also the parallel work by Aby Philip, Eneet Kaur, Peter Bierhorst, and Mark M. Wilde titled "Intrinsic Non-Locality and Device-Independent Conference Key Agreement" appearing on arXiv along with this work. v2: Section IV removed as it was redundant, results unchanged, typos corrected
Very high energy Fermi/LAT detection of HESS J0632+057
Creators: name: Malyshev, D.
name: Chernyakova, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on the results of ~7 yrs of the very-high energy (10-600 GeV) observations of HESS J0632+057 with FERMI/LAT. In the highest energy band, 200-600 GeV, the source is clearly detected with the statistical significance >3.6sigma at orbital phases 0.2-0.4 and 0.6-0.8 at which HESS J0632+057 is known to demonstrate enhanced emission in TeV energy band. The analysis did not reveal the emission from HESS J0632+057 at lower energies and different orbital phases. Using the upper limits on source's flux we locate the break of the spectrum to >80 GeV and low-energy slope <2.0 (2sigma statistical significance).
description: Typo corrected
Numerical assessments of ocean energy extraction from western boundary currents using a quasi-geostrophic ocean circulation model
Creators: name: San, Omer
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A single-layer, quasi-geostrophic (QG), large-scale ocean circulation model is developed in this paper to study available ocean current energy potentials harnessed by using the ocean current turbines. Power extraction is modeled by adding a parameterized Rayleigh friction term in the barotropic vorticity equation. Numerical assessments are performed by simulating a set of mid-latitude ocean basins in the beta plane, which are standard prototypes of more realistic ocean dynamics considering inter-decadal variability in turbulent equilibrium. A sensitivity analysis with respect to the turbine parameters is performed for various physical conditions. Results show that the proposed model captures the quasi-stationary ocean dynamics and provides the four-gyre circulation patterns in time mean. After an initial spin-up process, the proposed model reaches a statistically steady state at an average maximum speed between 1.5 m/s and 2.5 m/s, which is close to the observed maximum zonal velocities in the western boundary currents. The probability density function of the available power over a long time period is computed for a wide range of parameters. Numerical results shows that 10 GW mean power can be extracted from the turbines distributed over a length scale of 100 km along the western boundaries. However, it is demonstrated that bigger turbine areas would alter the flow patterns and energetics due to excessive dissipation. An increase in the turbine area results in an increase in the available power ranging from 8 to 22 GW depending on the values of turbine modeling parameters. This first step in the numerical assessment of the proposed QG model shows that the present framework could represent a viable tool for evaluating energy potentials in a highly turbulent flow regime.
Additional file 1 of Thalassemia and hemoglobinopathy prevalence in a community-based sample in Sylhet, Bangladesh
Creators: name: Wendt, Amanda S.
name: Brintrup, Joaquin
name: Waid, Jillian L.
name: Kader, Abdul
name: Lambrecht, Nathalie J.
name: Gabrysch, Sabine
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
classificationCode: 39999
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
classificationCode: 69999
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology
subject: Cardiology

description: Additional file 1. Association of inherited blood disorders with religion and wealth in women and children in Sylhet, Bangladesh.
A Point-Conic Incidence Bound and Applications over $\mathbb F_p$
Creators: name: Mohammadi, Ali
name: Pham, Thang
name: Warren, Audie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper, we prove the first incidence bound for points and conics over prime fields. As applications, we prove new results on expansion of bivariate polynomial images and on certain variations of distinct distances problems. These include new lower bounds on the number of pinned algebraic distances as well as improvements of results of Koh and Sun (2014) and Shparlinski (2006) on the size of the distance set formed by two large subsets of finite dimensional vector spaces over finite fields. We also prove a variant of Beck's theorem for conics.
description: To appear in European Journal of Combinatorics
Topological lasing and self-induced transparency in two level systems
Creators: name: Pilozzi, Laura
name: Conti, Claudio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The use of virtually lossless topologically isolated edge states may lead to a novel class of thresholdless lasers operating without inversion. One needs however to understand if topological states may be coupled to external radiation and act as active cavities. We study a two-level topological insulator and show that self-induced transparency pulses can directly excite edge states. We simulate laser emission by a suitable designed topological cavity, and show that it can emit tunable radiation. For a configuration of sites following the off-diagonal Aubry-Andre-Harper model we solve the Maxwell-Bloch equations in the time domain and provide a first principle confirmation of topological lasers. Our results open the road to a new class of light emitters with topological protection for applications ranging from low-cost energetically-effective integrated lasers sources, also including silicon photonics, to strong coupling devices for studying ultrafast quantum processes with engineered vacuum.
A low-rank solution method for Riccati equations with indefinite quadratic terms
Creators: name: Benner, Peter
name: Heiland, Jan
name: Werner, Steffen W. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Algebraic Riccati equations with indefinite quadratic terms play an important role in applications related to robust controller design. While there are many established approaches to solve these in case of small-scale dense coefficients, there is no approach available to compute solutions in the large-scale sparse setting. In this paper, we develop an iterative method to compute low-rank approximations of stabilizing solutions of large-scale sparse continuous-time algebraic Riccati equations with indefinite quadratic terms. We test the developed approach for dense examples in comparison to other established matrix equation solvers, and investigate the applicability and performance in large-scale sparse examples.
description: 19 pages, 2 figures, 5 tables
Additional file 2 of Thalassemia and hemoglobinopathy prevalence in a community-based sample in Sylhet, Bangladesh
Creators: name: Wendt, Amanda S.
name: Brintrup, Joaquin
name: Waid, Jillian L.
name: Kader, Abdul
name: Lambrecht, Nathalie J.
name: Gabrysch, Sabine
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
classificationCode: 39999
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
classificationCode: 69999
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology
subject: Cardiology

description: Additional file 2. Mother-child pairs and prevalence of an inherited blood disorder in Sylhet, Bangladesh.
A Family of Independent Variable Eddington Factor Methods with Efficient Preconditioned Iterative Solvers
Creators: name: Olivier, Samuel
name: Pazner, Will
name: Haut, Terry S.
name: Yee, Ben C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a family of discretizations for the Variable Eddington Factor (VEF) equations that have high-order accuracy on curved meshes and efficient preconditioned iterative solvers. The VEF discretizations are combined with a high-order Discontinuous Galerkin transport discretization to form an effective high-order, linear transport method. The VEF discretizations are derived by extending the unified analysis of Discontinuous Galerkin methods for elliptic problems to the VEF equations. This framework is used to define analogs of the interior penalty, second method of Bassi and Rebay, minimal dissipation local Discontinuous Galerkin, and continuous finite element methods. The analysis of subspace correction preconditioners, which use a continuous operator to iteratively precondition the discontinuous discretization, is extended to the case of the non-symmetric VEF system. Numerical results demonstrate that the VEF discretizations have arbitrary-order accuracy on curved meshes, preserve the thick diffusion limit, and are effective on a proxy problem from thermal radiative transfer in both outer transport iterations and inner preconditioned linear solver iterations. In addition, a parallel weak scaling study of the interior penalty VEF discretization demonstrates the scalability of the method out to 1152 processors.
Event-Based Fusion for Motion Deblurring with Cross-modal Attention
Creators: name: Sun, Lei
name: Sakaridis, Christos
name: Liang, Jingyun
name: Jiang, Qi
name: Yang, Kailun
name: Sun, Peng
name: Ye, Yaozu
name: Wang, Kaiwei
name: Van Gool, Luc
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Traditional frame-based cameras inevitably suffer from motion blur due to long exposure times. As a kind of bio-inspired camera, the event camera records the intensity changes in an asynchronous way with high temporal resolution, providing valid image degradation information within the exposure time. In this paper, we rethink the eventbased image deblurring problem and unfold it into an end-to-end two-stage image restoration network. To effectively fuse event and image features, we design an event-image cross-modal attention module applied at multiple levels of our network, which allows to focus on relevant features from the event branch and filter out noise. We also introduce a novel symmetric cumulative event representation specifically for image deblurring as well as an event mask gated connection between the two stages of our network which helps avoid information loss. At the dataset level, to foster event-based motion deblurring and to facilitate evaluation on challenging real-world images, we introduce the Real Event Blur (REBlur) dataset, captured with an event camera in an illumination controlled optical laboratory. Our Event Fusion Network (EFNet) sets the new state of the art in motion deblurring, surpassing both the prior best-performing image-based method and all event-based methods with public implementations on the GoPro dataset (by up to 2.47dB) and on our REBlur dataset, even in extreme blurry conditions. The code and our REBlur dataset will be made publicly available.
description: Accepted by ECCV 2022 as oral presentation
Generalized $μ-τ$ reflection symmetry and leptonic CP violation
Creators: name: Chen, Peng
name: Ding, Gui-Jun
name: Gonzalez-Canales, Felix
name: Valle, J. W. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a generalized $μ-τ$ reflection symmetry to constrain the lepton flavor mixing parameters. We obtain a new correlation between the atmospheric mixing angle $θ_{23}$ and the "Dirac" CP violation phase $δ_{\rm CP}$. Only in a specific limit our proposed CP transformation reduces to standard $μ-τ$ reflection, for which $θ_{23}$ and $δ_{CP}$ are both maximal. The "Majorana" phases are predicted to lie at their CP-conserving values with important implications for the neutrinoless double beta decay rates. We also study the phenomenological implications of our scheme for present and future neutrino oscillation experiments including T2K, NO$ν$A and DUNE.
description: 14 pages, 9 figures, latex, Final version to appear in Physics Letters B