cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Austrian Field Test Project of Advanced Solar Lights
Creators: name: Kirschner, M.
name: Hornbachner, D.
name: Malin, D.
name: Dobozanov, D.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2009
Subjects: PV Systems
Off-grid Applications and Rural Electrification

description: 24th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference, 21-25 September 2009, Hamburg, Germany; 3951-3954
description: Self-sustaining solar lights significantly reduce the installation and operating costs as well as the
energy usage and CO2-emissions caused by public lighting. Novel high-power LEDs, PV-modules which yield
substantial energy even on cloudy or rainy days and intelligent energy and battery management systems are the key to
reliable and marketable solar street lights. Every part must be optimized to achieve a perfectly matching system to
guarantee operational reliability during periods of low solar radiation (e.g. winter time). This paper deals with
advanced solar lights with cylindrically shaped PV-tubes with crystalline solar cells. These solar lights were tested
within an extensive field test project in Austria. The performance analyses in different locations and also under
various conditions in the winter time verify the reliability of the solar light in Central Europe. This paper also
illustrates the principles of the energy management system. It concludes the importance of accurately determining
parameters such as night length, energy usage, the charging condition of the batteries and the actual lighting demand.
Surprises from extragalactic propagation of UHECRs
Creators: name: Boncioli, Denise
name: di Matteo, Armando
name: Grillo, Aurelio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Ultra-high energy cosmic ray experimental data are now of very good statistical significance even in the region of the expected GZK feature. The identification of their sources requires sophisticate analysis of their propagation in the extragalactic space. When looking at the details of this propagation some unforeseen features emerge. We will discuss some of these "surprises".
description: presented at the Cosmic Ray International Seminar, 14-16 September 2015, Gallipoli, Italy; to be published in Nucl. Phys. B Proc. Suppl
Education transferring and decentralized reforms: The case of Qatar
Creators: name: Romanowski, Michael H.
name: Du, Xiangyun
Publisher: name: Manara - Qatar Research Repository
Year: 2022
Subjects: Education systems

description: Nations transfer educational reform models for the systematic improvement of education. Nowhere is this more evident than in the Gulf Cooperation Council states, which have implemented primarily Western decentralized reform models to overhaul their educational systems. This article reports non-empirical research, written as a conceptual analysis that examines the current situation of the educational reform in Qatar. The theory of education transferring serves as a conceptual framework to scrutinize Qatar’s recent educational change to Project-based Learning. This illustrates the shift from the initial decentralized reform to its current centralized state. Contextual factors that influence decentralization are discussed.Other Information Published in: PROSPECTS
 License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
See article on publisher's website: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11125-020-09478-x
An inducible expression system for the manipulation of autophagic flux in vivo
Creators: name: Schlotawa, Lars
name: Lopez, Ana
name: Sanchez-Elexpuru, Gentzane
name: Tyrkalska, Sylwia D.
name: Rubinsztein, David C.
name: Fleming, Angeleen
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer

description: Much of our understanding of the intracellular regulation of macroautophagy/autophagy comes from in vitro studies. However, there remains a paucity of knowledge about how this process is regulated within different tissues during development, aging and disease in vivo. Because upregulation of autophagy is considered a promising therapeutic strategy for the treatment of diverse disorders, it is vital that we understand how this pathway functions in different tissues and this is best done by in vivo analysis. Similarly, to understand the role of autophagy in the pathogenesis of disease, it is important to study this process in the whole animal to investigate how tissue-specific changes in flux and cell-autonomous versus non-cell-autonomous effects alter disease progression. To this end, we have developed an inducible expression system to up- or downregulate autophagy in vivo, in zebrafish. We have used a modified version of the Gal4-UAS expression system to allow inducible expression of autophagy up- or downregulating transgenes by addition of tamoxifen. Using this inducible expression system, we have tested which transgenes robustly up- or downregulate autophagy and have validated these tools using Lc3-II blots and puncta analysis and disease rescue in a zebrafish model of neurodegeneration. These tools allow the temporal control of autophagy via the administration of tamoxifen and spatial control via tissue or cell-specific ERT2-Gal4 driver lines and will enable the investigation of how cell- or tissue-specific changes in autophagic flux affect processes such as aging, inflammation and neurodegeneration in vivo. Abbreviations: ANOVA: analysis of variance; Atg: autophagy related; Bcl2l11/Bim: BCL2 like 11; d.p.f.: days post-fertilization; Cryaa: crystallin, alpha a: DMSO: dimethyl sulfoxide; Elavl3: ELAV like neuron-specific RNA binding protein 3; ER: estrogen receptor; ERT2: modified ligand-binding domain of human ESR1/estrogen receptor α; Gal4: galactose-responsive transcription factor 4; GFP: green fluorescent protein; h.p.f.: hours post-fertilization; HSP: heat-shock protein; Map1lc3/Lc3: microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3; RFP: red fluorescent protein; SD: standard deviation; SEM: standard error of the mean; UAS: upstream activating sequence; Ubb: ubiquitin b
Supplementary document for Design study of a novel micro illumination platform based on GaN microLED arrays - 6599166.pdf
Creators: name: Di Vito, Alessia
name: Amiri, Peyman
name: Bornemann, Steffen
name: Schöttler, Georg
name: Vergin, Maximilian
name: Meierhofer, Florian
name: Gülink, Jan
name: Waag, Andreas
name: Canals, Joan
name: Dieguez, Angel
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2023
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: supplemental information
Analysis of Micro Cracks in Silicon Material Using Ion Beam Polishing Techniques
Creators: name: Hagendorf, C.
name: Werner, M.
name: Altmann, F.
name: Bagdahn, J.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2008
Subjects: Wafer-Based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Mono- and Multicrystalline Silicon Cells and Materials, Processing Technology of

description: 23rd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition, 1-5 September 2008, Valencia, Spain; 1493-1496
description: The mechanical strength of Si wafers and solar cells is strongly influenced by the presence of material damage like for example micro cracks. It is known that these material properties depend on the process parameters during grinding, sawing and laser dicing. For process optimization and reliability analysis a deeper understanding of the relationship between defect size and mechanical strength is needed. However, the sample preparation requirements make the microstructure investigation of material damage difficult using traditional polishing and etching technologies. In this paper the usage of ion beam assisted techniques (Cross Section Ion Polishing, Focussed Ion Beam) for the cross-section preparation of material defects (micro cracks, dislocations) in silicon is described. The application to special issues in solar cell processing like sawing and laser cutting of Si wafer surfaces and edges as well as thin films will be presented. The interaction between the cutting process, micro crack formation and damage of the Si crystal structure is investigated by Electron Backscattering Diffraction (EBSD) and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM).
Analysis of Back Side Contact Imaging Phenomenon in LBIC
Creators: name: Vesely, A.
name: Vanek, J.
name: Jandova, K.
name: Dolensky, J.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2009
Subjects: Advanced Photovoltaics
Fundamental Studies

description: 24th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference, 21-25 September 2009, Hamburg, Germany; 501-503
description: This paper deals with analysis of back side imagining of solar cells phenomenon. By usage of light
radiation generated by UV LED with average wave length 400 nm photons penetrate to the depth about 0.1 m,
which is an area before PN junction tested photovoltaic cell. The generated pairs of electron-hole are affected by
various recombinations mostly by the surface recombination.
Solar Powered, Linux Brained Autonomous Mobile Robot
Creators: name: Chojnacki, J.A.
name: Teneta, J.
name: Wieckowski, L.
name: Kowalczyk, A.
name: Kulesza, J.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2009
Subjects: PV Systems
Off-grid Applications and Rural Electrification

description: 24th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference, 21-25 September 2009, Hamburg, Germany; 3955-3962
description: Our Institute educates specialists in automatics and robotics with a special focus on the application of the
advanced automated control solutions in PV systems. In order to support the education of students, we decided to construct a
solar powered autonomous mobile robot. The ARM9 based Atmel microcontroller controlling the Robot runs a Linux 2.6
operating system and a control software suite using C/C++. The following onboard sensors were used: a GPS receiver,
ultrasonic and infrared sensors for distance measurement, a 3-axis accelerometer and temperature and solar irradiation
sensors for optimal PV module orientation. Solar panels make the Robot largely energy-independent, however it is equipped
for save in a two battery bank and a special charge controller with a build-in energy meter. Once destination parameters are
entered, the Robot calculates and recalculates its route depending on the constant stream of data, which it receives, and a
current level of energy in the system. Smart energy management algorithm allows decide when the robot can operate and
when it ought to charge its batteries using solar panels. Additionally, a sun-tracking control system was implemented in this
solution. The robot can calculate its current position based on the geographic data and actual date and time information, and
rotate of the PV generator around its vertical axis in order to ensure optimum PV module positioning. Energy management
system constantly collects environmental data such as the ambient temperature and solar irradiation levels and can determine
robot working time in order to avoid deep battery discharging.
Beneficial Effects of Dopant Compensation on Carrier Lifetime in Upgraded Metallurgical Silicon
Creators: name: Dubois, S.
name: Enjalbert, N.
name: Servant, F.
name: Garandet, J.P.
name: Monna, R.
name: Kraiem, J.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2008
Subjects: Wafer-Based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Mono- and Multicrystalline Silicon Cells and Materials, Processing Technology of

description: 23rd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition, 1-5 September 2008, Valencia, Spain; 1445-1448
description: This study is devoted to the variations of the carrier lifetime and minority carrier diffusion length with the compensation level in solar-grade crystalline silicon. Especially we show, by using the Shockley-Read-Hall statistics, that an increase in the compensation level reduces the recombination strength of doping species and of some metal impurities. These theoretical results are confirmed by the chemical and electrical characterizations of strongly compensated multicrystalline silicon wafers and solar cells, from silicon purified by the metallurgical route. These results are of paramount importance since an accurate control of the compensation level can lead to strong improvements in silicon solar cells efficiencies. Nevertheless, possible limits of too high compensation levels are also evoked.
Industrial Approach for the Deposition, Through-Vias Wet Opening and Firing Activation of a Backside Passivation Layer Applied on Solar Cells
Creators: name: Gautero, L.
name: Rentsch, J.
name: Weiss, L.
name: Kohn, N.
name: Eigner, S.
name: Zimmer, M.
name: Specht, J.
name: Nekarda, J.F.
name: Stüwe, D.
name: Retzlaff, M.
name: Biro, D.
name: Sallese, J.-M.
name: Preu, R.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2008
Subjects: Wafer-Based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Mono- and Multicrystalline Silicon Cells and Materials, Processing Technology of

description: 23rd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition, 1-5 September 2008, Valencia, Spain; 1453-1457
description: The industrial production of bulk silicon solar cells with high efficiency brings advantages as more efficient energy harvesting and better exploitation of materials. The candidate industrial approach conforms to good homogeneity on the whole designated active area as well as reproducible results on the local structuring, hence the scales span 4 order of length magnitude. The approaches used here are based on the improvement of the passivation of the dark side of the cell, employing a so called backside passivation layer (BSPL), this approach is compared to a reference screen printing of Aluminium paste and subsequent firing. The passivation mechanism of the deposited layer is affected by subsequent metallisation steps, some process sequences show with comparison to reference a loss in open circuit voltage and short circuit current, the fill factor can still be comparable. Cells realised with this approach are facing the constraints of the tools, adjustments of the process parameters will deliver the high efficiency that is targeted.
Experience with the Electrification of the Health Centre of Darsilami in the Gambia
Creators: name: Vandenbergh, M.
name: Djuikom, M.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2009
Subjects: PV Systems
Off-grid Applications and Rural Electrification

description: 24th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference, 21-25 September 2009, Hamburg, Germany; 4293-4296
description: The Gambian village of Darsilami is located at the southern border with Senegal. The population is
estimated to be between 3000 and 4000 inhabitants, living in around 300 compounds. The PV-diesel hybrid system
installed by ISET in December 2004 ensures a constant electricity supply for the health centre. The power station
delivers enough power for the health centre appliances and a surplus of power. The next step of the project is to
integrate income- generating uses, such as a battery charging station, in order to support the operating expenses and
to contribute to better living standards for the villagers. This paper discusses the performance of the existing hybrid
PV system and presents the village energy information system, developed for studying further electrification
scenarios.
Distributed Control of Photovoltaic Modules for Sailing Applications and for Sustainable Mobility
Creators: name: Baggio, N.
name: Bianucci, M.
name: De Rosa, F.
name: Petrone, G.
name: Sacchetti, A.
name: Spagnuolo, G.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2009
Subjects: PV Systems
Off-grid Applications and Rural Electrification

description: 24th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference, 21-25 September 2009, Hamburg, Germany; 4357-4359
description: Photovoltaic (PV) systems used in applications for sustainable mobility dramatically suffer from
mismatching effects. In fact, the energy losses due to shadows and soil, but also referable to manufacturing
tolerances and ageing, lower the power production of the PV string significantly and make the adoption of such
energy source unattractive. It is a common practice, especially if the PV string is made of a small number of cells, to
connect the cells in series, thus connecting the resulting string at the input of a battery charger in order to adapt the
current profile to the battery needs. Nevertheless, such solutions guarantee a poor battery recharging and this
estranges the customer from the PV technology even if it has a large potential in this field of application.
In this paper the development of a new PV kit for sailing applications and for sustainable mobility is presented. It has
been initially designed for the Class 40 racing craft “Telecom Italia” of Giovanni Soldini, but now it is on the market
as a plug-and-play device for a variety of uses.
Innovative Small PV System for Supplying Illumination in Rural Areas of Peru
Creators: name: Gual, S.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2009
Subjects: PV Systems
Off-grid Applications and Rural Electrification

description: 24th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference, 21-25 September 2009, Hamburg, Germany; 4354-4356
description: “Inti kamari” means in Quechua Indian language “the present of the sun”. Actually, Perú is the country of the
Sun: the world's best solar irradiation places can be found in Perú, especially in Los Andes mountains: at 3000m high, the
Sun irradiates annual average daily values over 6KWh/m2, making these places like a dream for solar energy sources.
In this area there are a lot of small villages (less than 10 houses) without electricity: basic needs, as night light for people
homes can not be covered. PNER rural electrification plan of Perú government promotes the use of PV energy sources, but
the relatively high operational costs makes it difficult.
AGNEUS PV has developed an innovative Battery Solar Charger with an integrated Night Light Controller, especially well
suited for supplying illumination in rural areas and small villages. Operational costs are reduced at minimum: using a 80Wp
36 cells PV panel and 12V 100Ah lead-acid battery, the PV system stores electrical energy during the day and gives till 5
hours of illumination for 6 houses at night.
During the day, the solar energy is captured by the photovoltaic panel and stored in the battery through an MPPT battery
charge converter: it makes possible to charge the battery at the photovoltaic Maximum Power Point (MPP). In the early
night, lamps are started up during 4 hours. And before sun rises, if battery is still in a good SOC condition, the lamps are
started again during one hour more.
Minority Carrier Lifetime and Diffusion Length in Volontarily Chromium Contaminated n-Type mc-Si Wafers
Creators: name: Martinuzzi, S.
name: Dubois, S.
name: Enjalbert, N.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2008
Subjects: Wafer-Based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Mono- and Multicrystalline Silicon Cells and Materials, Processing Technology of

description: 23rd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition, 1-5 September 2008, Valencia, Spain; 1461-1464
description: In n-type silicon the recombination strength of most metallic impurities is neatly smaller than in p-type, due to asymmetric electron and hole capture cross sections for minority carriers. That is true for several impurities (Fe, Ni, Co, Al) but not for Cri. Cri is a fast diffuser which degrades the minority carrier diffusion length L and lifetime  in p-type like in ntype Si. N-type mc-Si wafers were voluntarily contaminated by ion implantation and then annealed at 850°C for 90 min. In contaminated samples p and Lp were around 20 μs and 120 μm, respectively, while the initial values were 100 μs and 400 μm, respectively. After phosphorus diffusion at 850°C for 30 min, the initial values are practically recovered, due to a marked gettering effect. It appears that Cr is easily removed by heterogeneous precipitation and external gettering. Additional thermal treatments might release Cr atoms segregated at extended defects. However, as Cr atoms are volatilsed or are segregated at the top of multicrystalline ingots during the directional solidification, the Cr concentration is sufficiently low in the non voluntary contaminated wafers to be not detrimental for the solar cells.
A Study of Surface Passivation Layers for Homoepitaxial Germanium Cells for Photovoltaic and Thermophotovoltaic Applications
Creators: name: Bosi, M.
name: Attolini, G.
name: Calicchio, M.
name: Ferrari, C.
name: Gombia, E.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2009
Subjects: Advanced Photovoltaics
Fundamental Studies

description: 24th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference, 21-25 September 2009, Hamburg, Germany; 512-515
description: Homoepitaxial Ge layers were deposited by means of Metal Organic Vapor Phase Epitaxy (MOVPE)
on Ge using Iso-Butyl Germane (iBuGe) as organic precursor.
n-type Ge layers with thickness of about 400 nm were deposited on p-type substrates. In order to passivate the Ge
surface, structures such as n-InGaP/n-Ge/p-Ge, n-GaAs/n-Ge/p-Ge and n-GaAs/n-InGaP/n-Ge/p-Ge were deposited.
In this case the n-InGaP and n-GaAs act as window layers, while the n-Ge/p-Ge is the active junction.
Vertical mesa junctions were prepared on these structures by using conventional photolithographic techniques.
Ohmic contacts were obtained by evaporation and annealing of Au on the backside of the p-type substrate followed
by evaporation of 400 mm in diameter Au dots on the epilayer surface. 500 mm mesa structures, concentric to Au
dots, were then prepared by chemical etching of the layer.
The current-voltage characteristics of the junctions were analyzed, and the influence of the window layer is discussed.
Determination of Electronic Bandgap of Silicon Rich Oxide Films Using Temperature Dependent Diode IV Measurements
Creators: name: Perez-Wurfl, I.
name: Gentle, A.
name: Hao, X.
name: Green, M.A.
name: Conibeer, G.
name: Kim, D.-H.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2009
Subjects: Advanced Photovoltaics
Fundamental Studies

description: 24th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference, 21-25 September 2009, Hamburg, Germany; 492-493
description: The purpose of this work is to demonstrate a technique to extract the electronic bandgap of thin films
based on Silicon Rich Oxide layers using temperature dependent diode IV measurements. Since current crowding can
be very severe in thin film devices, a novel and simple approach is presented that takes this effect into account when
determining the electronic bandgap.
Detailed Study of PECVD Silicon Nitride and Correlation of Various Characterization Techniques
Creators: name: Blech, M.
name: Laades, A.
name: Ronning, C.
name: Schröter, B.
name: Borschel, C.
name: Rzesanke, D.
name: Lawerenz, A.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2009
Subjects: Advanced Photovoltaics
Fundamental Studies

description: 24th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference, 21-25 September 2009, Hamburg, Germany; 507-511
description: This paper focuses on the detailed analysis of PECVD deposited a-SiNx:H layers and the coherence
between chemical, optical and electronic properties determined by various characterization methods. It is shown that
there is a strong correlation between the deposition conditions, passivation quality, optical constants, bond densities
and stoichiometry of the layers. The results are discussed in detail and help to achieve a better, fundamental
understanding of what is responsible for the qualities of the deposited films.
Citizenship and Surveys: Group Conflict and Nationality-of-Interviewer Effects in Arab Public Opinion Data
Creators: name: Gengler, Justin J.
name: Le, Kien T.
name: Wittrock, Jill
Publisher: name: Manara - Qatar Research Repository
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology

description: More research than ever before uses public opinion data to investigate society and politics in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA). Ethnic identities are widely theorized to mediate many of the political attitudes and behaviors that MENA surveys commonly seek to measure, but, to date, no research has systematically investigated how the observable ethnic category(s) of the interviewer may influence participation and answers given in Middle East surveys. Here we measure the impact of one highly salient and outwardly observable ascriptive attribute of interviewers—nationality—using data from an original survey experiment conducted in the Arab Gulf state of Qatar. Applying the total survey error (TSE) framework and utilizing an innovative nonparametric matching technique, we estimate treatment effects on both nonresponse error and measurement error. We find that Qatari nationals are more likely to begin and finish a survey, and respond to questions, when interviewed by a fellow national. Qataris also edit their answers to sensitive questions relating to the unequal status of citizens and noncitizens, reporting views that are more exclusionary and less positive toward out-group members, when the interviewer is a conational. The findings have direct implications for consumers and producers of a growing number of surveys conducted inside and outside the Arab world, where migration and conflict have made respondent-interviewer mismatches along national and other ethnic dimensions more salient and more common.Other Information Published in: Political Behavior
 License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
See article on publisher's website: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11109-019-09583-4
Generating matrix of the bi-periodic Lucas numbers
Creators: name: Coskun, Arzu
name: Taskara, Necati
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper, firstly, we introduce the Q_{l}-Generating matrix for the bi-periodic Lucas numbers. Then, by taking into account this matrix representation, we obtain some properties for the bi-periodic Fibonacci and Lucas numbers.
Stellar classification from single-band imaging using machine learning
Creators: name: Kuntzer, T.
name: Tewes, M.
name: Courbin, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Information on the spectral types of stars is of great interest in view of the exploitation of space-based imaging surveys. In this article, we investigate the classification of stars into spectral types using only the shape of their diffraction pattern in a single broad-band image. We propose a supervised machine learning approach to this endeavour, based on principal component analysis (PCA) for dimensionality reduction, followed by artificial neural networks (ANNs) estimating the spectral type. Our analysis is performed with image simulations mimicking the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) Advanced Camera for Surveys (ACS) in the F606W and F814W bands, as well as the Euclid VIS imager. We first demonstrate this classification in a simple context, assuming perfect knowledge of the point spread function (PSF) model and the possibility of accurately generating mock training data for the machine learning. We then analyse its performance in a fully data-driven situation, in which the training would be performed with a limited subset of bright stars from a survey, and an unknown PSF with spatial variations across the detector. We use simulations of main-sequence stars with flat distributions in spectral type and in signal-to-noise ratio, and classify these stars into 13 spectral subclasses, from O5 to M5. Under these conditions, the algorithm achieves a high success rate both for Euclid and HST images, with typical errors of half a spectral class. Although more detailed simulations would be needed to assess the performance of the algorithm on a specific survey, this shows that stellar classification from single-band images is well possible.
description: 10 pages, 9 figures, 2 tables, accepted in A&A
Multi Solar Desalination Plant
Creators: name: Elazari, A.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2009
Subjects: PV Systems
Off-grid Applications and Rural Electrification

description: 24th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference, 21-25 September 2009, Hamburg, Germany; 4297-4301
description: Desalination technology, which makes it possible to exploit sea water as a water source, is playing an
increasingly important role throughout the world. However, its high energy consumption is costly (4-5kWh/1 cubic
meter of desalinated water) and has a global environmental impact. The desalination process using solar energy in
general and Multi Solar (MSS) technology specifically, would alleviate this problem, by lowering the energy
consumption to 1.4 kWh/1 cubic meter of desalinated water.
Millennium Electric has developed a desalination system which uses the membrane distillation process providing the
necessary heat and electricity generated solely by solar energy using the patented Multi Solar System PV/T
collectors.
As illustrated in Fig. 1, the solar energy desalination plant produces fresh water by pumping sea water up through the
membrane module before and after the water has been heated by the multi solar collector.
Boundedness of completely additive measures with application to 2-local triple derivations
Creators: name: Hamhalter, Jan
name: Kudaybergenov, Karimbergen
name: Peralta, Antonio M.
name: Russo, Bernard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 46L05, 46L40

description: We prove a Jordan version of Dorofeev's boundedness theorem for completely additive measues and use it to show that every (not necessarily linear nor continuous) 2-local triple derivation on a continuous JBW*-triple is a triple derivation.
description: 30 pages
Silicon Heterojunction Solar Cells: Surface Passivation Quality on Large Area N Type and P Type Monocrystalline Silicon
Creators: name: Ribeyron, P.-J.
name: Desrues, T.
name: Vandeneynde, A.
name: Souche, F.
name: Ozanne, A.-S.
name: Labrune, M.
name: Roca I Cabarrocas, P.
name: Chouffot, R.
name: Kleider, J.P.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2008
Subjects: Wafer-Based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Mono- and Multicrystalline Silicon Cells and Materials, Processing Technology of

description: 23rd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition, 1-5 September 2008, Valencia, Spain; 1441-1444
description: The aim of this work is to present our progress on heterojunction solar cells, based on a low temperature route using hydrogenated amorphous silicon (a-Si:H) ultrathin films deposited by PECVD on bulk crystalline silicon. We focus
our work on both n-type and p-type monocrystalline silicon to achieve large area solar cells for industrial application. The analysis of the a-Si:H/c-Si interface quality is analyzed by the QSSPC technique that allows evaluating the passivation properties as well as qualifying the different steps. First, a new cleaning process is evaluated with respect to passivation properties, demonstrating that it is possible to obtain nearly as good passivation on textured as on polished samples with appropriate cleaning. An intrinsic layer is added to an emitter or BSF double side structure in order to show the impact of such a layer on passivation properties. Finally, full heterojunction solar cells have been characterised thanks to I-V measurements. Record Voc values up to 668 mV have been obtained on 5*5 cm² cells. Efficiencies of 16,2% and 15,8 have been obtained on P type and N type wafers, for cells of 5*5 cm² .
Inertial quantum sensors using light and matter
Creators: name: Barrett, B.
name: Bertoldi, A.
name: Bouyer, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The past few decades have seen dramatic progress in our ability to manipulate and coherently control matter-waves. Although the duality between particles and waves has been well tested since de Broglie introduced the matter-wave analog of the optical wavelength in 1924, manipulating atoms with a level of coherence that enables one to use these properties for precision measurements has only become possible with our ability to produce atomic samples exhibiting temperatures of only a few millionths of a degree above absolute zero. Since the initial experiments a few decades ago, the field of atom optics has developed in many ways, with both fundamental and applied significance. The exquisite control of matter waves offers the prospect of a new generation of force sensors exhibiting unprecedented sensitivity and accuracy, for applications from navigation and geophysics to tests of general relativity. Thanks to the latest developments in this field, the first commercial products using this quantum technology are now available. In the future, our ability to create large coherent ensembles of atoms will allow us an even more precise control of the matter-wave and the ability to create highly entangled states for non-classical atom interferometry.
description: 15 pages + references, 9 figures, submitted to Physica Scripta
A Screen Printable Front Side Silver Conductor Paste Achieving High Aspect Ratio Finger Lines For Solar Cell Application
Creators: name: Zhang, D.
name: Shahbazi, S.
name: Zhang, W.
name: Moyer, J.
name: Guo, T.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2008
Subjects: Wafer-Based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Mono- and Multicrystalline Silicon Cells and Materials, Processing Technology of

description: 23rd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition, 1-5 September 2008, Valencia, Spain; 1458-1460
description: Screen printing is still the most cost effective and dominant technology used in the solar cell industry for front side metallization. In this paper, we discuss our approach of developing a silver paste which is capable of achieving high aspect ratio finger lines using a standard industrial screen printer. Many factors affecting the aspect ratio were studied: screen parameters (emulsion thickness, wire diameter, mesh count, and weave), printing parameters (pressure, downstop, speed, snap off, squeegee hardness), and paste formulation. The paste formulation played a critical role in building extremely thick prints and fine line resolution. Our paste formulation coupled with the optimization of these factors produced a dried finger line thickness of 42 ± 5 μm, a dried line width of 108 ± 6 μm, and a fired thickness of 31 ± 4 μm, while a reference paste gave a dried thickness of 25 ± 4 μm, a dried line
width of 116 ± 6 μm, and a fired thickness of 17 ± 3 μm. The electrical performance of the cells that were screenprinted with this high aspect ratio paste was better than that of the reference paste; the high aspect ratio paste showed a fill factor and efficiency of 0.5-2% and 0.2-0.6% greater than the reference paste, respectively, mainly due to lower cell series resistance of high aspect ratio finger lines.
Improper magnetic ferroelectricity of nearly pure electronic nature in cycloidal spiral CaMn$_{7}$O$_{12}$
Creators: name: Lim, Jin Soo
name: Saldana-Greco, Diomedes
name: Rappe, Andrew M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The noncollinear cycloidal magnetic order breaks the inversion symmetry in CaMn$_{7}$O$_{12}$, generating one of the largest spin-orbit driven ferroelectric polarizations measured to date. In this Letter, the microscopic origin of the polarization, including its direction, charge density redistribution, magnetic exchange interactions, and its coupling to the spin helicity, is explored via first principles calculations. The Berry phase computed polarization exhibits almost pure electronic behavior, as the Mn displacements are negligible, $\approx$~0.7~m\textrmÅ. The polarization magnitude and direction are both determined by the Mn spin current, where the \emph{p}-\emph{d} orbital mixing is driven by the inequivalent exchange interactions within the \emph{B}-site Mn cycloidal spiral chains along each Cartesian direction. We employ the generalized spin-current model with Heisenberg-exchange Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction energetics to provide insight into the underlying physics of this spin-driven polarization. Persistent electronic polarization induced by helical spin order in nearly inversion-symmetric ionic crystal lattices suggests opportunities for ultrafast magnetoelectric response.
description: 15 pages, 3 figures
Advanced Electrochemical Fabrication Methods for Silicon Solar Cells
Creators: name: Maretti, L.
name: Chen, D.K.
name: Dubin, V.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2008
Subjects: Wafer-Based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Mono- and Multicrystalline Silicon Cells and Materials, Processing Technology of

description: 23rd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition, 1-5 September 2008, Valencia, Spain; 1465-1467
description: Copper electroplating chemistry was applied in three different ways to fabricate frontal grid metallization in silicon solar cells. This paper describes recent developments of electrochemical plating of copper on silver paste screen printed lines, in laser grooved trenches used as buried contacts and directly on semi-conductive anti-reflective coatings. Silver paste screen printed lines were electroplated with 12 μm thick copper, which enables a decrease in metal line resistivity of more than 50%. Laser-scribed grooved silicon wafers were plated with 100 nm thick nickel diffusion barrier and conductive 180 nm thick copper layer by electroless nickel and copper plating, then efficient electroplating copper bottom-up fill of the trenches was applied without shading effects and at a plating rate of more than 3 μm/min. Lastly, photo-selective method for nickel-copper deposition was used to construct 35 μm thick copper collection grid. This novel method is described for the development of new solar cells with semiconductive anti-reflective coating.
Amorphous Carbon as Antireflective Coating for Solar Cells
Creators: name: Silva, D.S.
name: Namani, M.A.B.
name: Côrtes, A.D.S.
name: Oliveira Jr., M.H.
name: Mei, P.R.
name: Marques, F.C.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2008
Subjects: Wafer-Based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Mono- and Multicrystalline Silicon Cells and Materials, Processing Technology of

description: 23rd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition, 1-5 September 2008, Valencia, Spain; 1468-1471
description: Different structures of hydrogenated amorphous carbon (a-C:H) are used as antireflective coating (ARC) on crystalline (polished and textured) silicon solar cells. Conventional p-n junction solar cells were fabricated following standard phosphorus diffusion procedure. Polymeric-like carbon (PLC) was deposited on the anode of a plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) system, while diamond-like carbon (DLC) were deposited on the cathode electrode. Integrated visible and near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy was used for determining the appropriated thickness to achieve the smallest reflectance at 600 nm wavelength and to determine the index of refraction of the ARC. SnO2 antireflective coating was also used for comparison. It was observed that the reduction on the reflectivity of the amorphous carbon film/silicon surface is comparable to that obtained by SnO2, showing that amorphous carbon can be used as antireflective coating.
Semidefinite bounds for nonbinary codes based on quadruples
Creators: name: Litjens, Bart
name: Polak, Sven
name: Schrijver, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 94B65, 05E10, 90C22, 20C30

description: For nonnegative integers $q,n,d$, let $A_q(n,d)$ denote the maximum cardinality of a code of length $n$ over an alphabet $[q]$ with $q$ letters and with minimum distance at least $d$. We consider the following upper bound on $A_q(n,d)$. For any $k$, let $\CC_k$ be the collection of codes of cardinality at most $k$. Then $A_q(n,d)$ is at most the maximum value of $\sum_{v\in[q]^n}x(\{v\})$, where $x$ is a function $\CC_4\to R_+$ such that $x(\emptyset)=1$ and $x(C)=0$ if $C$ has minimum distance less than $d$, and such that the $\CC_2\times\CC_2$ matrix $(x(C\cup C'))_{C,C'\in\CC_2}$ is positive semidefinite. By the symmetry of the problem, we can apply representation theory to reduce the problem to a semidefinite programming problem with order bounded by a polynomial in $n$. It yields the new upper bounds $A_4(6,3)\leq 176$, $A_4(7,4)\leq 155$, $A_5(7,4)\leq 489$, and $A_5(7,5)\leq 87$.
A Novel Method to Determine the Majority Carrier Mobility in p-Type Multi-Crystalline Silicon
Creators: name: Tan, J.
name: Pascoe, A.
name: Macdonald, D.
name: Cuevas, A.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2009
Subjects: Advanced Photovoltaics
Fundamental Studies

description: 24th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference, 21-25 September 2009, Hamburg, Germany; 489-491
description: This paper introduces a new technique for determining the majority carrier mobility ( μ
p) of p-type
silicon. The method is based on the independent measurement of the iron-boron (Fe-B) defect repairing rate and the
resistivity. The technique was applied to single crystal (c-Si) samples ion implanted with Fe, as well as mc-Si
samples which naturally contain Fe. Results from the measurements performed so far indicate two things. The
prefactor used to calculate the association time constant of Fe-B pairs needs to be altered slightly. The accuracy of
the technique is not yet sensitive enough to determine small possible μ
p differences between c-Si and mc-Si.
Application of Noise Spectroscopy to Assessing the Quality of New Solar Cells Designed for Concentrator Systems
Creators: name: Vanek, J.
name: Lunak, M.
name: Chobola, Z.
name: Dolensky, J.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2009
Subjects: Advanced Photovoltaics
Fundamental Studies

description: 24th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference, 21-25 September 2009, Hamburg, Germany; 494-497
description: This paper is intended to present the results of our studies of 3 silicon solar cells designed for
concentrator systems, of dimensions 80 x 80 mm. These specimens feature a main conductor bar located at the
specimen side and auxiliary conductor bars buried in the substrate in order to carry much higher current densities
than in ordinary cells.
Noise and transport characteristics have been measured in the framework of this study. An analysis of U-I
characteristics is presented in this paper. The spectral power density versus frequency function allowed us to evaluate
the different types of noise. On the basis of the behaviour of particular spectral power densities versus forward
voltage plots the quality of the different specimens can be evaluated.
Dependence of Temperature Photoluminescence Imaging
Creators: name: Vesely, A.
name: Vanek, J.
name: Kazelle, J.
name: Barinka, R.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2009
Subjects: Advanced Photovoltaics
Fundamental Studies

description: 24th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference, 21-25 September 2009, Hamburg, Germany; 498-500
description: This paper deals with an innovated testing of photoluminescence method. This method consists in
backlighting of solar cells with high wattage halogen lamp. We would like to present what kinds of defects are
detectable with this method and how clear we can see these defects in temperature dependence.
Intensity Modulated Photocurrent Spectroscopy for Porous Si and Cu (Inx,Ga1-x) Se2 Solar Cells
Creators: name: Kavasoglu, N.
name: Kavasoglu, A.S.
name: Pakma, O.
name: Oktik, S.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2009
Subjects: Advanced Photovoltaics
Fundamental Studies

description: 24th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference, 21-25 September 2009, Hamburg, Germany; 504-506
description: Understanding the charge separation and transport is crucially important for the improvement of solar
cell performance. To study photogenerated carrier dynamics, we performed intensity modulated photocurrent
spectroscopy (IMPS) on porous Si and Cu(Inx,Ga1-x)Se2 solar cells. In this experiment, the solar cells are illuminated
with a sinusoidally modulated monochromatic light. The photocurrent response of the solar cell as a function of
modulation frequency is measured as the optoelectronic transfer function of the system. The optoelectronic transfer
function reflects the relation between the modulated light intensity and measured AC current of the solar cell. In this
study, interaction of free carriers with the density of states for porous Si and Cu(Inx,Ga1-x)Se2 solar cells are studied
in terms of charge transport time by IMPS data.
Geographic Variation in Household Disaster Preparedness in the United States
Creators: name: Cook, Forest
name: Howe, Peter
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Mental Health

description: Disaster events, such as floods, wildfires, and earthquakes, increasingly cause damage to livelihoods, the economy, and the environment. Preparing for disasters is noted as one of the most effective ways to adapt and increase resilience to these events, but research has shown that many people in the United States have not adopted recommended household preparedness actions. Moreso, there is currently no geospatial data set or tool for mapping geographic variation in disaster preparedness behavior, despite the availability of appropriate survey data. Using the Federal Emergency Management Agency National Household Survey from 2017 to 2020, we develop a multilevel regression and poststratification model that provides estimates at the state, county, and zip-code tabulation area scales of several preparedness actions and a general disaster preparedness index. Results show regional and state-level variation among preparedness levels, with the Southeast and Utah being generally more prepared than other regions of the United States. Additionally, we introduce an online interactive mapping tool for these results that practitioners, academics, and the public can use to identify preparedness levels in their area of interest. The outcomes of this study can be used to inform future work in hazard risk assessment and to further develop comparisons between risk perceptions and hazard preparedness. Finally, findings from this study contribute to the suite of geospatial models and methods used to assess the human dimensions of hazard risk and resilience.
Gelişen Dünya İçin Kemalist Devrim'in Yüz Yıllık Mirası
Creators: name: Akalın, Cüneyt
name: Perinçek, Şule
name: SOTNIÇENKO, ALEKSANDR
name: Demircan, Necati
name: YE, ZHANGXU
name: SINHA, MOHAMMAD BASIR-UL-HAQ
name: HIROYUKI, OGASAWARA
name: Haydar, Hüseyin
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: BRIQ (Belt & Road Initiative Quarterly) Türkçe-İngilizce, açık erişimli, üç aylık uluslararası siyaset, ekonomi ve kültür dergisidir. BRIQ Dergisi, akademik makalelerden kitap incelemelerine, araştırma/inceleme yazılarına, röportajlara, haber bültenlerine ve ana makalelere uzanan geniş bir içerik dizisini yayınlar. Ulusal ve uluslararası akademik ilke ve etik değerlere bağlı bir yayın politikası izler. Bu bağlamda, uluslararası geçerliğe sahip COPE (Committee on Publication Ethics) Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ), Open Access Scholarly Publishers Association (OASPA) tarafından ortaya konulan standartları da kapsayan yayın etiği ilkelerine sahiptir