cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Optimal quantum spatial search on random temporal networks
Creators: name: Chakraborty, Shantanav
name: Novo, Leonardo
name: Di Giorgio, Serena
name: Omar, Yasser
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: To investigate the performance of quantum information tasks on networks whose topology changes in time, we study the spatial search algorithm by continuous time quantum walk to find a marked node on a random temporal network. We consider a network of $n$ nodes constituted by a time-ordered sequence of Erdös-Rényi random graphs $G(n,p)$, where $p$ is the probability that any two given nodes are connected: after every time interval $τ$, a new graph $G(n,p)$ replaces the previous one. We prove analytically that for any given $p$, there is always a range of values of $τ$ for which the running time of the algorithm is optimal, i.e.\ $\mathcal{O}(\sqrt{n})$, even when search on the individual static graphs constituting the temporal network is sub-optimal. On the other hand, there are regimes of $τ$ where the algorithm is sub-optimal even when each of the underlying static graphs are sufficiently connected to perform optimal search on them. From this first study of quantum spatial search on a time-dependent network, it emerges that the non-trivial interplay between temporality and connectivity is key to the algorithmic performance. Moreover, our work can be extended to establish high-fidelity qubit transfer between any two nodes of the network. Overall, our findings show that one can exploit temporality to achieve optimal quantum information tasks on dynamical random networks.
description: Published version. Keywords: temporal networks, random graphs, quantum spatial search, quantum walks, quantum state transfer
A Single-Emitter Gain Medium for Bright Coherent Radiation from a Plasmonic Nanoresonator
Creators: name: Zhang, Pu
name: Protsenko, Igor
name: Sandoghdar, Vahid
name: Chen, Xue-Wen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We theoretically demonstrate the generation and radiation of coherent nanoplasmons powered by a single three-level quantum emitter on a plasmonic nanoresonator. By pumping the three-level emitter in a Raman configuration, we show a pathway to achieve macroscopic accumulation of nanoplasmons due to stimulated emission in the nanoresonator despite their fast relaxation. Thanks to the antenna effect of the nanoresonator, the system acts as an efficient and bright nanoscopic coherent light source with a photon emission rate of hundreds of Terahertz and could be realized with solid-state emitters at room temperatures in pulse mode. We provide physical interpretations of the results and discuss their realization and implications for ultra-compact integration of optoelectronics.
description: 15 pages, 7 figures
Succinct progress measures for solving parity games
Creators: name: Jurdzinski, Marcin
name: Lazic, Ranko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Data Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS)
subject: Formal Languages and Automata Theory (cs.FL)
subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The recent breakthrough paper by Calude et al. has given the first algorithm for solving parity games in quasi-polynomial time, where previously the best algorithms were mildly subexponential. We devise an alternative quasi-polynomial time algorithm based on progress measures, which allows us to reduce the space required from quasi-polynomial to nearly linear. Our key technical tools are a novel concept of ordered tree coding, and a succinct tree coding result that we prove using bounded adaptive multi-counters, both of which are interesting in their own right.
Hardware emulation of stochastic p-bits for invertible logic
Creators: name: Pervaiz, Ahmed Zeeshan
name: Ghantasala, Lakshmi Anirudh
name: Camsari, Kerem Yunus
name: Datta, Supriyo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Emerging Technologies (cs.ET)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The common feature of nearly all logic and memory devices is that they make use of stable units to represent 0's and 1's. A completely different paradigm is based on three-terminal stochastic units which could be called "p-bits", where the output is a random telegraphic signal continuously fluctuating between 0 and 1 with a tunable mean. p-bits can be interconnected to receive weighted contributions from others in a network, and these weighted contributions can be chosen to not only solve problems of optimization and inference but also to implement precise Boolean functions in an inverted mode. This inverted operation of Boolean gates is particularly striking: They provide inputs consistent to a given output along with unique outputs to a given set of inputs. The existing demonstrations of accurate invertible logic are intriguing, but will these striking properties observed in computer simulations carry over to hardware implementations? This paper uses individual micro controllers to emulate p-bits, and we present results for a 4-bit ripple carry adder with 48 p-bits and a 4-bit multiplier with 46 p-bits working in inverted mode as a factorizer. Our results constitute a first step towards implementing p-bits with nano devices, like stochastic Magnetic Tunnel Junctions.
An efficient method for removing point sources from full-sky radio interferometric maps
Creators: name: Berger, Philippe
name: Oppermann, Niels
name: Pen, Ue-Li
name: Shaw, J. Richard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A new generation of wide-field radio interferometers designed for 21-cm surveys is being built as drift scan instruments allowing them to observe large fractions of the sky. With large numbers of antennas and frequency channels the enormous instantaneous data rates of these telescopes require novel, efficient, data management and analysis techniques. The $m$-mode formalism exploits the periodicity of such data with the sidereal day, combined with the assumption of statistical isotropy of the sky, to achieve large computational savings and render optimal analysis methods computationally tractable. We present an extension to that work that allows us to adopt a more realistic sky model and treat objects such as bright point sources. We develop a linear procedure for deconvolving maps, using a Wiener filter reconstruction technique, which simultaneously allows filtering of these unwanted components. We construct an algorithm, based on the Sherman-Morrison-Woodbury formula, to efficiently invert the data covariance matrix, as required for any optimal signal-to-noise weighting. The performance of our algorithm is demonstrated using simulations of a cylindrical transit telescope.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures; v2 now with section on frequency covariance
Off-shell superconformal higher spin multiplets in four dimensions
Creators: name: Kuzenko, Sergei M.
name: Manvelyan, Ruben
name: Theisen, Stefan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We formulate off-shell N=1 superconformal higher spin multiplets in four spacetime dimensions and briefly discuss their coupling to conformal supergravity. As an example, we explicitly work out the coupling of the superconformal gravitino multiplet to conformal supergravity. The corresponding action is super-Weyl invariant for arbitrary supergravity backgrounds. However, it is gauge invariant only if the supersymmetric Bach tensor vanishes. This is similar to linearised conformal supergravity in curved background.
description: 24 pages; V2: published version; V3: sign factor in (5.12) corrected
Evidence for light-by-light scattering in heavy-ion collisions with the ATLAS detector at the LHC
Creators: name: ATLAS Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Light-by-light scattering ($γγ\rightarrowγγ$) is a quantum-mechanical process that is forbidden in the classical theory of electrodynamics. This reaction is accessible at the Large Hadron Collider thanks to the large electromagnetic field strengths generated by ultra-relativistic colliding lead (Pb) ions. Using 480 $μ$b$^{-1}$ of Pb+Pb collision data recorded at a centre-of-mass energy per nucleon pair of 5.02 TeV by the ATLAS detector, the ATLAS Collaboration reports evidence for the $γγ\rightarrowγγ$ reaction. A total of 13 candidate events are observed with an expected background of 2.6$\pm$0.7 events. After background subtraction and analysis corrections, the fiducial cross section of the process $\textrm{Pb+Pb}\,(γγ)\rightarrow \textrm{Pb}^{(\ast)}\textrm{+}\textrm{Pb}^{(\ast)}\,γγ$, for photon transverse energy $E_{\mathrm{T}}>$3 GeV, photon absolute pseudorapidity $|η|
description: 34 pages in total, author list starting page 18, 6 figures, 2 tables. published version. All figures including auxiliary figures are available at https://atlas.web.cern.ch/Atlas/GROUPS/PHYSICS/PAPERS/HION-2016-05/
Generalized Nambu-Goldstone pion in dense matter: a schematic NJL model
Creators: name: Song, Yifan
name: Baym, Gordon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Chiral symmetry is always broken in cold, dense matter, by chiral condensation at low densities and by diquark condensation at high density. We construct here, within a schematic Nambu-Jona-Lasinio (NJL) model, the corresponding generalized Nambu-Goldstone pion, $π_G$. As we show, the $π_G$ mode naturally emerges as a linear combination of the $\langle \bar{q}q\rangle$ vacuum pion $π$ and the $\langle qq \rangle$ diquark condensate pion $\tildeπ$, with $q$ the quark field, and continuously evolves with increasing density from being $π$-like in the vacuum to $\tildeπ$-like in the high density diquark pairing phase. We calculate the density-dependent mass, decay constant, and coupling to quarks of the $π_G$, and derive a generalized Gell-Mann--Oakes--Renner (GMOR) relation in the presence of a finite bare quark mass $m_q$. We briefly discuss the implications of the results to possible Bose condensation of $π_G$ in more realistic models.
description: 15 pages, 7 figures, 1 table
Factorization and non-factorization theorems for pseudocontinuable functions
Creators: name: Dyakonov, Konstantin M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 30H10, 30H35, 30J05, 46E35, 46J15

description: Let $θ$ be an inner function on the unit disk, and let $K^p_θ:=H^p\capθ\overline{H^p_0}$ be the associated star-invariant subspace of the Hardy space $H^p$, with $p\ge1$. While a nontrivial function $f\in K^p_θ$ is never divisible by $θ$, it may have a factor $h$ which is "not too different" from $θ$ in the sense that the ratio $h/θ$ (or just the anti-analytic part thereof) is smooth on the circle. In this case, $f$ is shown to have additional integrability and/or smoothness properties, much in the spirit of the Hardy--Littlewood--Sobolev embedding theorem. The appropriate norm estimates are established, and their sharpness is discussed.
description: 19 pages
Dundubia spiculata Noualhier 1896
Creators: name: Boulard, Michel
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2001
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Cicadidae
Dundubia
Dundubia spiculata

description: 5. - Dundubia spiculata Noualhier, 1896 Platylomia spiculata Distant, 1906 et auct. plur.; Dundubia spiculata Chou et al., 1997. Belle espèce de taille moyenne (58 mm de longueur totale pour 96 mm d'envergure) à dominante vert clair. Les mâles se reconnaissent aisément par la forme spatulée se terminant en pointe triangulaire de leurs longs opercules (fig. 1, G). Il s'agit d'une espèce crépusculaire hantant les jeunes branches du feuillage. Si sa cymbalisation grésillo-sifflante, assez agréable, permet de localiser aisément l'ensemble végétal où elle se trouve, la détecter précisément relève du tour de force ou de l'exploit chanceux: les signaux, identiques et tous très riches en harmoniques ricochent de feuilles en feuilles, affolant littéralement nos oreilles, incapables alors de nous orienter vers la source cymbalaire. Ajoutons à cela que Dundubia spiculata commence à se manifester le jour finissant et poursuit jusqu'à l'installation complète de la nuit, cequientraved'autantlespossibilitésd'observations.SaC.I.A.(fig. 7)estanalyséeici. a: oscillogramme temporel transcrivant en temps réel 20s du plein appel; il s'agit d'une reproduc¬ tion uniforme, mais doublement crétée, de signaux très denses, très rapprochés entre eux. b: oscillogramme obtenu pour espace-temps arbitraire, transcrivant et amplifiant une seconde du plein signal prélevée au hasard, plage inversée en a, et mettant en évidence la structure répétitive charpentant cette cymbalisation. La cymbalisation s'avère fondée sur l'envoi de signaux principa¬ lement groupés en 3/10e se seconde. c: spectrogramme étiré conforme à l'oscillogramme b. Le fondamental, très bas en fréquence (1 600 Hz) est aussi peu énergétque; en revanche une quinzaine d'harmoniques, dont les formants que l'on peut numéroter de 3 à 12 et s'élevant en fréquences jusqu'à près de 16000 Hz, se montrent particu¬ lièrement efficaces, tandis que les suivants sont évanescents. d: le tracé du spectre moyen confirme la richesse en harmoniques et la spécificité originale de la cymbalisation crépusculaire de Dundubia spiculata. Femelle et accouplement non vus.
description: Published as part of Boulard, Michel, 2001, Statut acoustique et comportement sonore de quelques Cigales thaïlandaises. Description d'une espèce nouvelle (Homoptera, Cicadidae), pp. 127-147 in Bulletin de la Société entomologique de France 106 (2) on pages 137-138, DOI: 10.3406/bsef.2001.16740, http://zenodo.org/record/7129367
Klein tunneling in driven-dissipative photonic graphene
Creators: name: Ozawa, Tomoki
name: Amo, Alberto
name: Bloch, Jacqueline
name: Carusotto, Iacopo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We theoretically investigate Klein tunneling processes in photonic artificial graphene. Klein tunneling is a phenomenon in which a particle with Dirac dispersion going through a potential step shows a characteristic angle- and energy-dependent transmission. We consider a generic photonic system consisting of a honeycomb-shaped array of sites with losses, illuminated by coherent monochromatic light. We show how the transmission and reflection coefficients can be obtained from the steady-state field profile of the driven-dissipative system. Despite the presence of photonic losses, we recover the main scattering features predicted by the general theory of Klein tunneling. Signatures of negative refraction and the orientation dependence of the intervalley scattering are also highlighted. Our results will stimulate the experimental study of intricate transport phenomena using driven-dissipative photonic simulators.
description: 11 pages, 8 figures
Barjols, retour des gardians devant l'hôpital (actuelle Maison régionale de l'eau) après le tour de ville
Creators: name: Musée National Des Arts Et Traditions Populaires (Paris)
name: Centre D'ethnologie Française
Publisher: name: École des Hautes Études en Sciences Sociales; Institut  interdisciplinaire d'anthropologie du contemporain (Paris); Laboratoire d'anthropologie et d'histoire de l'institution de la culture (Paris)
Year: 2024

Abstract
Classical transitions with the topological number changing in the early Universe
Creators: name: Gani, Vakhid A.
name: Kirillov, Alexander A.
name: Rubin, Sergey G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider classical dynamics of two real scalar fields within a model with the potential having a saddle point. The solitons of such model are field configurations that have the form of closed loops in the field space. We study the formation and evolution of these solitons, in particular, the conditions at which they could be formed even when the model potential has only one minimum. These non-trivial field configurations represent domain walls in the three-dimensional physical space. The set of these configurations can be split into disjoint equivalence classes. We provide a simple expression for the winding number of an arbitrary closed loop in the field space and discuss the transitions that change the winding number. We also show that non-trivial field configurations could be responsible for the energy density excess that could evade the CMB constraints but could be important at scales which are responsible for the formation of galaxies and the massive primordial black holes.
description: 17 pages, 5 figures; v3: major revision; matches the published version
Nilpotent Symmetries and Curci-Ferrari Type Restrictions in 2D Non-Abelian Gauge Theory: Superfield Approach
Creators: name: Srinivas, N.
name: Malik, R. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive the off-shell nilpotent symmetries of the two (1+1)-dimensional (2D) non-Abelian 1-form gauge theory by using the theoretical techniques of the geometrical superfield approach to Becchi-Rouet-Stora-Tyutin (BRST) formalism. For this purpose, we exploit the augmented version of superfield approach (AVSA) and derive theoretically useful nilpotent (anti-)BRST, (anti-)co-BRST symmetries and Curci-Ferrari (CF) type restrictions for the self-interacting 2D non-Abelian 1-form gauge theory (where there is no interaction with matter fields). The derivation of the (anti-)co-BRST symmetries and all possible CF-type restrictions are completely novel results within the framework of AVSA to BRST formalism where the ordinary 2D non-Abelian theory is generalized onto an appropriately chosen (2, 2)-dimensional supermanifold. The latter is parameterized by the superspace coordinates Z^{M} = (x^μ, θ, \barθ) where x^{μ} (with μ= 0,1) are the bosonic coordinates and a pair of Grassmannian variables (θ, \barθ) obey the relationships: θ^{2} = \barθ^{2} = 0, θ\barθ+ \barθθ= 0.
description: LaTeX file, 20 pages, journal version
An annotated bibliography on 1-planarity
Creators: name: Kobourov, Stephen G.
name: Liotta, Giuseppe
name: Montecchiani, Fabrizio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Computational Geometry (cs.CG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The notion of 1-planarity is among the most natural and most studied generalizations of graph planarity. A graph is 1-planar if it has an embedding where each edge is crossed by at most another edge. The study of 1-planar graphs dates back to more than fifty years ago and, recently, it has driven increasing attention in the areas of graph theory, graph algorithms, graph drawing, and computational geometry. This annotated bibliography aims to provide a guiding reference to researchers who want to have an overview of the large body of literature about 1-planar graphs. It reviews the current literature covering various research streams about 1-planarity, such as characterization and recognition, combinatorial properties, and geometric representations. As an additional contribution, we offer a list of open problems on 1-planar graphs.
Exploring viable vacua of the $Z_3$-symmetric NMSSM
Creators: name: Beuria, Jyotiranjan
name: Chattopadhyay, Utpal
name: Datta, AseshKrishna
name: Dey, Abhishek
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore the vacua of the $Z_3$-symmetric Next-to-Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model (NMSSM) and their stability by going beyond the simplistic paradigm that works with a tree-level neutral scalar potential and adheres to some specific flat directions in the field space. Key effects are demonstrated by first studying the profiles of this potential under various circumstances of physical interest via a semi-analytical approach. The results thereof are compared to the ones obtained from a dedicated package like \veva ~which further incorporates the thermal effects to the potential. Regions of the phenomenological NMSSM (pNMSSM) parameter space that render the desired symmetry breaking (DSB) vacuum absolutely stable, long- or short-lived (in relation to the age of the Universe) under quantum/thermal tunneling are delineated. Regions that result in color and charge breaking (CCB) minima are also presented. It is demonstrated that light singlet scalars along with a light LSP (lightest supersymmetric particle) having an appreciable singlino admixture are compatible with a viable DSB vacuum and are much relevant for the collider experiments.
description: 52 pages, 19 figures, 4 tables; matches with published version
A covariant Lagrangian for stable nonsingular bounce
Creators: name: Cai, Yong
name: Piao, Yun-Song
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The nonsingular bounce models usually suffer from the ghost or gradient instabilities, as has been proved recently. In this paper, we propose a covariant effective theory for stable nonsingular bounce, which has the quadratic order of the second order derivative of the field $ϕ$ but the background set only by $P(ϕ,X)$. With it, we explicitly construct a fully stable nonsingular bounce model for the ekpyrotic scenario.
description: 12 pages, 6 figures; published in JHEP; an Appendix and references added
Polygamy relation for the Rényi-$α$ entanglement of assistance in multi-qubit systems
Creators: name: Song, Wei
name: Zhou, Jian
name: Yang, Ming
name: Zhao, Jun-Long
name: Li, Da-Chuang
name: Zhang, Li-Hua
name: Cao, Zhuo-Liang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We prove a new polygamy relation of multi-party quantum entanglement in terms of Rényi-$α$ entanglement of assistance for $\left( {\sqrt 7 - 1} \right)/2\leqα\leq \left( {\sqrt 13 - 1} \right)/2$. This class of polygamy inequality reduces to the polygamy inequality based on entanglement of assistance since Rényi-$α$ entanglement is a generalization of entanglement of formation. We further show that the polygamy inequality also holds for the $μ$th power of Rényi-$α$ entanglement of assistance.
description: 6 pages, 7 figures
Quark Mass Matrices, textures and CKM precision measurements
Creators: name: Verma, Rohit
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the light of several recent analyses pointing towards texture 4-zero Fritzsch-like quark mass matrices as the only viable structures for quark mass matrices, this work adopts a model independent approach to reconstruct an alternate and simplified structure of texture specific quark mass matrices in a generalized 'u-diagonal' basis within the Standard Model framework using the Unitarity of CKM matrix and the observed hierarchies in quark mass spectra and mixing angles. It is observed that the measured 1$σ$ values of the three physical parameters namely $m_{\rm{u}}$, $m_{\rm{d}}$ and $s_{12}$ naturally lead to the vanishing of (11) element in the down type quark mass matrix and that the single measurable CP violating phase $δ_{13}$ in the CKM matrix is sufficient enough in $M^{\prime}_{\rm{d}}$ to explain the observed mixing pattern in a suitable basis. The leading order as well as exact analytic phenomenological solutions are addressed for the modest pattern of quark mass matrices derived from CKM matrix and precision measurements of mixing parameters.
description: (13 pages)
Solving nonlinear diffusive problems in buildings by means of a Spectral Reduced-Order Model
Creators: name: Gasparin, Suelen
name: Berger, Julien
name: Dutykh, Denys
name: Mendes, Nathan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: This paper proposes the use of a Spectral method to simulate diffusive moisture transfer through porous materials as a Reduced-Order Model (ROM). The Spectral approach is an a priori method assuming a separated representation of the solution. The method is compared with both classical Euler implicit and Crank-Nicolson schemes, considered as large original models. Their performance - in terms of accuracy, complexity reduction and CPU time reduction - are discussed for linear and nonlinear cases of moisture diffusive transfer through single and multi-layered one-dimensional domains, considering highly moisture-dependent properties. Results show that the Spectral reduced-order model approach enables to simulate accurately the field of interest. Furthermore, numerical gains become particularly interesting for nonlinear cases since the proposed method can drastically reduce the computer run time, by a factor of 100, when compared to the traditional Crank-Nicolson scheme for one-dimensional applications.
description: 42 pages, 22 figures, 2 tables, 51 references. Other author's papers can be downloaded at http://www.denys-dutykh.com/
Topological quantum chemistry
Creators: name: Bradlyn, Barry
name: Elcoro, L.
name: Cano, Jennifer
name: Vergniory, M. G.
name: Wang, Zhijun
name: Felser, C.
name: Aroyo, M. I.
name: Bernevig, B. Andrei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The past decade's apparent success in predicting and experimentally discovering distinct classes of topological insulators (TIs) and semimetals masks a fundamental shortcoming: out of 200,000 stoichiometric compounds extant in material databases, only several hundred of them are topologically nontrivial. Are TIs that esoteric, or does this reflect a fundamental problem with the current piecemeal approach to finding them? To address this, we propose a new and complete electronic band theory that highlights the link between topology and local chemical bonding, and combines this with the conventional band theory of electrons. Topological Quantum Chemistry is a description of the universal global properties of all possible band structures and materials, comprised of a graph theoretical description of momentum space and a dual group theoretical description in real space. We classify the possible band structures for all 230 crystal symmetry groups that arise from local atomic orbitals, and show which are topologically nontrivial. We show how our topological band theory sheds new light on known TIs, and demonstrate the power of our method to predict a plethora of new TIs.
description: v1: 8 pages + 40 pages supplemenetary material. Previously submitted v2: ~ Published version. 11 pages + 79 pages supplementary material. Descriptions of the data used in this paper can be found in arXiv:1706.08529 and arXiv:1706.09272. All data can be accessed via the Bilbao Crystallographic Server (http://cryst.ehu.es). Two additional papers elaborating on the general theory currently in prep
Controlling the time discretization bias for the supremum of Brownian Motion
Creators: name: Bisewski, Krzysztof
name: Crommelin, Daan
name: Mandjes, Michel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Computation (stat.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We consider the bias arising from time discretization when estimating the threshold crossing probability $w(b) := \mathbb{P}(\sup_{t\in[0,1]} B_t > b)$, with $(B_t)_{t\in[0,1]}$ a standard Brownian Motion. We prove that if the discretization is equidistant, then to reach a given target value of the relative bias, the number of grid points has to grow quadratically in $b$, as $b$ grows. When considering non-equidistant discretizations (with threshold-dependent grid points), we can substantially improve on this: we show that for such grids the required number of grid points is independent of $b$, and in addition we point out how they can be used to construct a strongly efficient algorithm for the estimation of $w(b)$. Finally, we show how to apply the resulting algorithm for a broad class of stochastic processes; it is empirically shown that the threshold-dependent grid significantly outperforms its equidistant counterpart.
description: 30 pages
Quantales and Fell bundles
Creators: name: Resende, Pedro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 06F07, 20M18, 22A22, 46L05, 46L85, 46L89, 46M99

description: We study Fell bundles on groupoids from the viewpoint of quantale theory. Given any saturated upper semicontinuous Fell bundle $π:E\to G$ on an étale groupoid $G$ with $G_0$ locally compact Hausdorff, equipped with a suitable completion C*-algebra $A$ of its convolution algebra, we obtain a map of involutive quantales $p:\mathrm{Max}\ A\toΩ(G)$, where $\mathrm{Max}\ A$ consists of the closed linear subspaces of $A$ and $Ω(G)$ is the topology of $G$. We study various properties of $p$ which mimick, to various degrees, those of open maps of topological spaces. These are closely related to properties of $G$, $π$, and $A$, such as $G$ being Hausdorff, principal, or topological principal, or $π$ being a line bundle. Under suitable conditions, which include $G$ being Hausdorff, but without requiring saturation of the Fell bundle, $A$ is an algebra of sections of the bundle if and only if it is the reduced C*-algebra $C_r^*(G,E)$. We also prove that $\mathrm{Max}\ A$ is stably Gelfand. This implies the existence of a pseudogroup $\mathcal{I}_B$ and of an étale groupoid $\mathfrak B$ associated canonically to any sub-C*-algebra $B\subset A$. We study a correspondence between Fell bundles and sub-C*-algebras based on these constructions, and compare it to the construction of Weyl groupoids from Cartan subalgebras.
description: Version 2 contains a thorough revision of the paper. It fixes some mistakes and presentation issues, and includes new material related to principal groupoids, topologically principal groupoids, and groupoids associated to sub-C*-algebras. Version 3 is the final journal version (modulo possible typos or reference updates)
Quantum Probe of Hořava-Lifshitz Gravity
Creators: name: Gurtug, Ozay
name: Mangut, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Particle probe analysis of the Kehagias - Sfetsos black hole spacetime of Ho% řava-Lifshitz gravity is extended to wave probe analysis within the framework of quantum mechanics. The timelike naked singularity that develops when $ωM^{2}<1/2$, is probed with quantum fields obeying Klein-Gordon and Chandrasekhar-Dirac equations. Quantum field probe of the naked singularity has revealed that both the spatial part of the wave and the Hamiltonian operators of Klein-Gordon and Chandrasekhar-Dirac equations are essentially self-adjoint and thus, the naked singularity in the Kehagias - Sfetsos spacetime become quantum mechanically non - singular.
description: 15 pages no figures, revised version with new title, accepted for publication in JMP
Matter-antimatter coexistence method for finite density QCD toward a solution of the sign problem
Creators: name: Suganuma, Hideo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Toward the lattice QCD calculation at finite density, we propose "matter-antimatter coexistence method", where matter and anti-matter systems are prepared on two parallel ${\bf R}^4$-sheets in five-dimensional Euclidean space-time. We put a matter system $M$ with a chemical potential $μ\in {\bf C}$ on a ${\bf R}^4$-sheet, and also put an anti-matter system $\bar M$ with $-μ^*$ on the other ${\bf R}^4$-sheet shifted in the fifth direction. Between the gauge variables $U_ν\equiv e^{iagA_ν}$ in $M$ and $\tilde U_ν\equiv e^{iag \tilde A_ν}$ in $\bar M$, we introduce a correlation term with a real parameter $λ$. In one limit of $λ\rightarrow \infty$, a strong constraint $\tilde U_ν(x)=U_ν(x)$ is realized, and therefore the total fermionic determinant becomes real and non-negative, due to the cancellation of the phase factors in $M$ and $\bar M$, although this system resembles QCD with an isospin chemical potential. In another limit of $λ\rightarrow 0$, this system goes to two separated ordinary QCD systems with the chemical potential of $μ$ and $-μ^*$. For a given finite-volume lattice, if one takes an enough large value of $λ$, $\tilde U_ν(x) \simeq U_ν(x)$ is realized and phase cancellation approximately occurs between two fermionic determinants in $M$ and $\bar M$, which suppresses the sign problem and is expected to make the lattice calculation possible. For the obtained gauge configurations of the coexistence system, matter-side quantities are evaluated through their measurement only for the matter part $M$. The physical quantities in finite density QCD are expected to be estimated by the calculations with gradually decreasing $λ$ and the extrapolation to $λ=0$. We also consider more sophisticated improvement of this method using an irrelevant-type correlation.
description: 4 pages
Coupled Yu-Shiba-Rusinov states in molecular dimers on NbSe$_2$
Creators: name: Kezilebieke, Shawulienu
name: Dvorak, Marc
name: Ojanen, Teemu
name: Liljeroth, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Magnetic impurities have a dramatic effect on superconductivity by breaking the time-reversal symmetry and inducing so-called Yu-Shiba-Rusinov (YSR) low energy bound states within the superconducting gap. The spatial extent of YSR states is greatly enhanced in 2D systems, which should facilitate the formation of coupled states. Here, we observe YSR states on single cobalt phthalocyanine (CoPC) molecules on a 2D superconductor NbSe$_2$ using low-temperature scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) and spectroscopy (STS). We use STM lateral manipulation to create controlled CoPc dimers and demonstrate the formation of coupled YSR states. The experimental results are corroborated by theoretical analysis of the coupled states in lattice and continuum models. Our work forms an important step towards the realization of exotic topological states in designer magnetic lattices.
MOND as the weak field limit of an extended metric theory of gravity with torsion
Creators: name: Barrientos, E.
name: Mendoza, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this article we construct a relativistic extended metric theory of gravity, for which its weak field limit reduces to the non-relativistic MOdified Newtonian Dynamics regime of gravity. The theory is fully covariant and the way to achieve this is to introduce torsion in the description of gravity as well as with the addition of a particular function of the matter lagrangian into the gravitational action.
description: 10 pages
Non-minimally coupled scalar field cosmology with torsion
Creators: name: Cid, Antonella
name: Izaurieta, Fernando
name: Leon, Genly
name: Medina, Perla
name: Narbona, Daniela
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work we present a generalized Brans-Dicke lagrangian including a non-minimally coupled Gauss-Bonnet term without imposing the vanishing torsion condition. In the resulting field equations, the torsion is closely related to the dynamics of the scalar field, i.e., if non-minimally coupled terms are present in the theory, then the torsion must be present. For the studied lagrangian we analyze the cosmological consequences of an effective torsional fluid and we show that this fluid can be responsible for the current acceleration of the universe. Finally, we perform a detailed dynamical system analysis to describe the qualitative features of the model, we find that accelerated stages are a generic feature of this scenario.
description: Keywords: Generalized Brans-Dicke theory, Torsion, Non-minimal coupling, Cosmological parameters, dynamical systems
On a Fractional Stochastic Hodgkin-Huxley Model
Creators: name: Coutin, Laure
name: Guglielmi, Jean-Marc
name: Marie, Nicolas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60H10, 92B99

description: The model studied in this paper is a stochastic extension of the so-called neuron model introduced by Hodgkin and Huxley. In the sense of rough paths, the model is perturbed by a multiplicative noise driven by a fractional Brownian motion, with a vector field satisfying the viability condition of Coutin and Marie for $\mathbb R\times [0,1]^3$. An application to the modeling of the membrane potential of nerve fibers damaged by a neuropathy is provided.
description: 13 pages, 4 figures
Heart rate reactivity mediates the relationship between trait gratitude and acute myocardial infarction
Creators: name: Leahy, Brian
name: O'Connell, Brenda H.
name: O'SHEA, DEIRDRE
Publisher: name: University of Limerick
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 42
subject: Health sciences
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Objective: This study examines the relationship between trait gratitude and acute myocardial infarction. A burgeoning body of literature suggests that gratitude can play a role in regulating individual’s cardiovascular responses to stress which in turn, may reduce the incidence of cardiovascular disease such as acute myocardial infarction. However, to date no research has examined these effects. Method: This study used the Mid-Life in the United States dataset (MIDUS; N = 1031) to assess these relationships. Participants completed a standardised cardiovascular stress-testing laboratory protocol and were assessed at a second time-point; on average 6.7 years later. Results: Results from logistic parallel mediation models suggest that trait gratitude was found to be significantly associated with reduced risk of acute myocardial infarction through the mechanism of increased heart rate reactivity, β = − 0.098, 95%CI [− 0.331, − 0.010]. However, neither systolic nor diastolic blood pressure reactivity mediated this relationship. Conclusions: These findings suggest that gratitude may be associated with certain aspects of physical health. Specifically, our study reveals a potential link between gratitude and cardiovascular reactivity, which could be a mechanism through which trait gratitude contributes to reductions in the risk of myocardial infarction. As such, this study highlights the potential utility of positive psychological factors, such as gratitude, in promoting cardiovascular health.
Formation and Structure of a Current Sheet in Pulsed-Power Driven Magnetic Reconnection Experiments
Creators: name: Hare, J. D.
name: Lebedev, S. V.
name: Suttle, L. G.
name: Loureiro, N. F.
name: Ciardi, A.
name: Burdiak, G. C.
name: Chittenden, J. P.
name: Clayson, T.
name: Eardley, S. J.
name: Garcia, C.
name: Halliday, J. W. D.
name: Niasse, N.
name: Robinson, T.
name: Smith, R. A.
name: Stuart, N.
name: Suzuki-Vidal, F.
name: Swadling, G. F.
name: Ma, J.
name: Wu, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe magnetic reconnection experiments using a new, pulsed-power driven experimental platform in which the inflows are super-sonic but sub-Alfvénic.The intrinsically magnetised plasma flows are long lasting, producing a well-defined reconnection layer that persists over many hydrodynamic time scales.The layer is diagnosed using a suite of high resolution laser based diagnostics which provide measurements of the electron density, reconnecting magnetic field, inflow and outflow velocities and the electron and ion temperatures.Using these measurements we observe a balance between the power flow into and out of the layer, and we find that the heating rates for the electrons and ions are significantly in excess of the classical predictions. The formation of plasmoids is observed in laser interferometry and optical self-emission, and the magnetic O-point structure of these plasmoids is confirmed using magnetic probes.
description: 14 pages, 12 figures. Accepted for publication in Physics of Plasmas
Estimating proton radius and proportion of other non-perturbative components in the proton by the Maximum Entropy Method
Creators: name: Han, Chengdong
name: Chen, Xurong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we apply the Maximum Entropy Method to estimate the proton radius and determine the valence quark distributions in the proton at extremely low resolution scale Q$^{2}_{0}$. Using the simplest functional form of the valence quark distribution and standard deviations of quark distribution functions in the estimation of the proton radius, we obtain a quadratic polynomial for the relationship between the proton radius and the momentum fraction of other non-perturbative components in the proton. The proton radii are approximately equal to the muonic hydrogen experimental result $r_p$ = 0.841~fm and the CODATA analysis $r_p$ = 0.877 fm when the other non-perturbative components account for 17.5\% and 22.3\% respectively. We propose $"ghost~~matter"$ to explain the difference in other non-perturbative components (4.8\%) that the electron can detect.
description: 6 pages,5 figures
On Born's conjecture about optimal distribution of charges for an infinite ionic crystal
Creators: name: Bétermin, Laurent
name: Knüpfer, Hans
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We study the problem for the optimal charge distribution on the sites of a fixed Bravais lattice. In particular, we prove Born's conjecture about the optimality of the rock-salt alternate distribution of charges on a cubic lattice (and more generally on a d-dimensional orthorhombic lattice). Furthermore, we study this problem on the two-dimensional triangular lattice and we prove the optimality of a two-component honeycomb distribution of charges. The results holds for a class of completely monotone interaction potentials which includes Coulomb type interactions. In a more general setting, we derive a connection between the optimal charge problem and a minimization problem for the translated lattice theta function.
description: 32 pages. 3 Figures. To appear in Journal of Nonlinear Science. DOI :10.1007/s00332-018-9460-3
Aerosol jet printing of the ultramicroporous calcium squarate metal–organic framework
Creators: name: Kravchenko, D.E.
name: Matavž, A.
name: Rubio-Giménez, V.
name: Vanduffel, H.
name: Verstreken, M.
name: Ameloot, R.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Other chemical sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Efficient methods to deposit thin layers of metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) are needed to integrate these microporous materials into microelectronics, sensing devices, and membranes. Herein, we report for the first time the direct aerosol jet printing of a MOF material. The ultramicroporous MOF [Ca(C4O4) (H2O)] (UTSA-280) was deposited from an aqueous precursor solution. In addition to blanket coatings, aerosol jet printing provides direct access to patterned coatings with a resolution of 100 μm via a digital, maskless approach. Moreover, by enabling spatial control over the layer thickness via the number of passes of the nozzle, this direct-write approach presents a more accessible alternative to advanced patterning techniques such as grayscale lithography.
Time Series
Creators: name: Toller, Maximilian
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: datamining
timeseries
machine-learning

description: A summary of the current state of the art in timeseries datamining and automated imputation.
description: This work was supported by a grant from the Energieforschung program of the Klima und Energie Fonds of the Austrian Federal Government under grant number KR19EF0F17722
Gauge-invariant Variables and Entanglement Entropy
Creators: name: Agarwal, Abhishek
name: Karabali, Dimitra
name: Nair, V. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The entanglement entropy (EE) of gauge theories in three spacetime dimensions is analyzed using manifestly gauge-invariant variables defined directly in the continuum. Specifically, we focus on the Maxwell, Maxwell-Chern-Simons (MCS), and nonabelian Yang-Mills theories. Special attention is paid to the analysis of edge modes and their contribution to EE. The contact term is derived without invoking the replica method and its physical origin is traced to the phase space volume measure for the edge modes. The topological contribution to the EE for the MCS case is calculated. For all the abelian cases, the EE presented in this paper agrees with known results in the literature. The EE for the nonabelian theory is computed in a gauge-invariant gaussian approximation, which incoprorates the dynamically generated mass gap. A formulation of the contact term for the nonabelian case is also presented.
description: 29 pages; substantial revision for coherent presentation and to elucidate the role and emergence of the contact term; references added; version to appear in PRD