cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
POPULATION GENETIC DIVERSITY OF SEAGRASS ENHALUS ACOROIDES: A MEASURE OF MARINE CONNECTIVITY IN THE MARIANA ARCHIPELAGO
Creators: name: Swain, Marissa
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: Seagrass meadows provide critical ecosystem services but are in worldwide decline from changes in their environmental conditions. This decline has resulted in seagrass loss, meadow fragmentation, and loss of gene flow between meadows, especially in the Western Indo-Pacific. This study focuses on the connectivity of the dominant seagrass species Enhalus acoroides in Saipan and Guam, the largest and most populated islands in the Northern Mariana Islands. I hypothesized the populations would be well connected within the islands and to the larger population in Southeast Asia. Microsatellite markers are genetic tools, to estimate population diversity at different loci. There was no variability found between the seven meadows of Saipan and the four in Guam at two loci. A number of explanations for this low variability are possible: populations are well-connected currently or were well-connected in the recent past, a bottleneck effect, restoration efforts have resulted in plantings of a single genotype across many sites, and/or the genetic diversity of these populations may have been underestimated because only two loci were considered. Thorough evaluations of marine connectivity are essential for the longterm protection of genetic diversity and restoration of fragmented meadows.
The control of Giant Hogweed (Heracleum Mantegazzianum) and Canada Thistle (Cirsium Arvense) by the organic herbicides Ecoclear (acetic acid) and Topgun (pelargonic acid)
Creators: name: Fung, Lanie
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2014

description: Organic herbicides have been found to be effective in weed control. Topgun and Ecoclear are both organic herbicides, but differ in their active ingredients. Topgun is a fatty acid based herbicide and contains the active ingredient pelargonic acid; while Ecoclear is vinegar based herbicide with the active ingredient being acetic acid. Both of these substances work by drying out the vegetation it contacts and destroying the waxy cuticle of the leaf. Through protein analysis we found that the proteins Rubisco and Light Harvesting Complex were proteins degraded by the herbicides. The proteins were degraded in a two stage process where the plasma membrane was first destablized and broken, then Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) oxidized the proteins, causing them to be degraded (Fukuda et al., 2004). Over a three week period, all Canada Thistle plants and Giant Hogweed plants were seemingly eradicated. Also, higher concentrations of herbicide were correlated with faster plant death. Disclaimer: “UBC SEEDS provides students with the opportunity to share the findings of their studies, as well as their opinions, conclusions and recommendations with the UBC community. The reader should bear in mind that this is a student project/report and is not an official document of UBC. Furthermore readers should bear in mind that these reports may not reflect the current status of activities at UBC. We urge you to contact the research persons mentioned in a report or the SEEDS Coordinator about the current status of the subject matter of a project/report.”
Recovery of Damaged Information and the Out-of-Time-Ordered Correlators
Creators: name: Yan, Bin
name: Sinitsyn, Nikolai A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A time-reversed dynamics unwinds information scrambling, which is induced during the time-forward evolution with a complex Hamiltonian. We show that if the scrambled information is, in addition, partially damaged by a local measurement, then such a damage can still be treated by application of the time-reversed protocol. This information recovery is described by the long-time saturation value of a certain out-of-time-ordered correlator of local variables. We also propose a simple test that distinguishes between quantum and reversible classical chaotic information scrambling.
description: 5+2 pages, 3+3 figures; V3: Published version; V2: Improved presentation, new model study added
POPULATION GENETIC DIVERSITY OF SEAGRASS ENHALUS ACOROIDES: A MEASURE OF MARINE CONNECTIVITY IN THE MARIANA ARCHIPELAGO
Creators: name: Swain, Marissa
Publisher: name: ProQuest
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 41
subject: Environmental sciences

description: Seagrass meadows provide critical ecosystem services but are in worldwide decline from changes in their environmental conditions. This decline has resulted in seagrass loss, meadow fragmentation, and loss of gene flow between meadows, especially in the Western Indo-Pacific. This study focuses on the connectivity of the dominant seagrass species Enhalus acoroides in Saipan and Guam, the largest and most populated islands in the Northern Mariana Islands. I hypothesized the populations would be well connected within the islands and to the larger population in Southeast Asia. Microsatellite markers are genetic tools, to estimate population diversity at different loci. There was no variability found between the seven meadows of Saipan and the four in Guam at two loci. A number of explanations for this low variability are possible: populations are well-connected currently or were well-connected in the recent past, a bottleneck effect, restoration efforts have resulted in plantings of a single genotype across many sites, and/or the genetic diversity of these populations may have been underestimated because only two loci were considered. Thorough evaluations of marine connectivity are essential for the longterm protection of genetic diversity and restoration of fragmented meadows.
Estimating photoevaporative mass loss of exoplanets with PLATYPOS
Creators: name: Ketzer, Laura
name: Poppenhaeger, Katja
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop PLATYPOS (PLAneTarY PhOtoevaporation Simulator), a python code to perform planetary photoevaporative mass-loss calculations for close-in planets with hydrogen-helium envelopes atop Earth-like rocky cores. With physical and model parameters as input, PLATYPOS calculates the atmospheric mass loss and with it the radius evolution of a planet over time, taking into account also the thermal cooling and subsequent radius evolution of the planet. In particular, we implement different stellar activity evolution tracks over time. Our setup allows for a prediction of whether a planet can hold on to a significant fraction of its atmosphere, or fully evaporates, leaving behind only the bare rocky core. The user supplies information about the star-planet system of interest, which includes planetary and host star parameters, as well as the star's rotational and thus activity evolution. In addition, several details for the evaporative mass-loss rate estimation can be chosen. This includes the effective absorption cross-section for high energy photons, the evaporation efficiency, and the hydrodynamic escape model.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures, proceedings of the XMM-Newton Workshop 2021 "A High-Energy View of Exoplanets and their Environments". Original article can be found at https://doi.org/10.1002/asna.20210105
THOMAS COLE'S THE CLOVE, CATSKILLS: A NATIVE "PAST" FOR A SUSTAINABLE FUTURE
Creators: name: Quituisaca, Michael
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: From the beginning of his career, Thomas Cole was known for his unique vision and appreciation of the American wilderness. His early paintings of the Catskill Mountains in upstate New York gained critical praise for their embrace of the wild elements of nature and rejection of the industrialization that came to define the region in the early 19th century. The Clove, Catskills exhibits these characteristics. In this work, Cole depicted the Kaaterskill Clove – a popular gorge and tourist destination – as a remote and wild site, absent of any markers of tourism or the tanning factories that were rampantly spreading through the mountains at the time. Because Cole depicts the Clove as uncultivated and wild, scholars have read this work as emblematic of his anti-industrial sentiments. The discovery of the pentimento of a Native American figure in the composition – made visible after a cleaning in 1964 – has served to reinforce this narrative; for example, scholars have interpreted this figure as a ghostly reminder of the region before industrialization and white settlement. This thesis, by contrast, interprets this work in light of Cole’s interest in Native American history. By drawing on the artist’s own letters and the native history of the region, I argue that the painting represents Kaaterskill Clove as a self-sufficient ecosystem, as the Mohican and Esopus would have seen it. In his attempt to envision a sustainable future for the region, Cole inadvertently adopted, even appropriated, a Native American perspective on nature. The painting thus offers a vision of the future for the Catskill region—one where resources are sourced in a sustainable manner, in line with Native American philosophy.
On Spacetimes with Constant Scalar Invariants
Creators: name: Coley, Alan
name: Hervik, Sigbjorn
name: Pelavas, Nicos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study Lorentzian spacetimes for which all scalar invariants constructed from the Riemann tensor and its covariant derivatives are constant ($CSI$ spacetimes). We obtain a number of general results in arbitrary dimensions. We study and construct warped product $CSI$ spacetimes and higher-dimensional Kundt $CSI$ spacetimes. We show how these spacetimes can be constructed from locally homogeneous spaces and $VSI$ spacetimes. The results suggest a number of conjectures. In particular, it is plausible that for $CSI$ spacetimes that are not locally homogeneous the Weyl type is $II$, $III$, $N$ or $O$, with any boost weight zero components being constant. We then consider the four-dimensional $CSI$ spacetimes in more detail. We show that there are severe constraints on these spacetimes, and we argue that it is plausible that they are either locally homogeneous or that the spacetime necessarily belongs to the Kundt class of $CSI$ spacetimes, all of which are constructed. The four-dimensional results lend support to the conjectures in higher dimensions.
description: 25 pages, 1 figure, v2: minor changes throughout
THOMAS COLE'S THE CLOVE, CATSKILLS: A NATIVE "PAST" FOR A SUSTAINABLE FUTURE
Creators: name: Quituisaca, Michael
Publisher: name: ProQuest
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 3601
subject: Art history, theory and criticism

description: From the beginning of his career, Thomas Cole was known for his unique vision and appreciation of the American wilderness. His early paintings of the Catskill Mountains in upstate New York gained critical praise for their embrace of the wild elements of nature and rejection of the industrialization that came to define the region in the early 19th century. The Clove, Catskills exhibits these characteristics. In this work, Cole depicted the Kaaterskill Clove – a popular gorge and tourist destination – as a remote and wild site, absent of any markers of tourism or the tanning factories that were rampantly spreading through the mountains at the time. Because Cole depicts the Clove as uncultivated and wild, scholars have read this work as emblematic of his anti-industrial sentiments. The discovery of the pentimento of a Native American figure in the composition – made visible after a cleaning in 1964 – has served to reinforce this narrative; for example, scholars have interpreted this figure as a ghostly reminder of the region before industrialization and white settlement. This thesis, by contrast, interprets this work in light of Cole’s interest in Native American history. By drawing on the artist’s own letters and the native history of the region, I argue that the painting represents Kaaterskill Clove as a self-sufficient ecosystem, as the Mohican and Esopus would have seen it. In his attempt to envision a sustainable future for the region, Cole inadvertently adopted, even appropriated, a Native American perspective on nature. The painting thus offers a vision of the future for the Catskill region—one where resources are sourced in a sustainable manner, in line with Native American philosophy.
Magnetic Kondo regimes in a frustrated half-filled trimer
Creators: name: Wójcik, Krzysztof P.
name: Weymann, Ireneusz
name: Kroha, Johann
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze theoretically the phase diagram of a triangular triple quantum dot with strong onsite repulsion coupled to ferromagnetic leads. This model includes the competition of magnetic ordering of local or itinerant magnetic moments, geometric frustration and Kondo screening. We identify all the phases resulting from this competition. We find that three Kondo phases -- the conventional one, the two-stage underscreened one, and the one resulting from the ferromagnetic Kondo effect -- can be realized at zero temperature, and all are very susceptible to the proximity of ferromagnetic leads. In particular, we find that the quantum dots are spin-polarized in each of these phases. Further, we discuss the fate of the phases at non-zero temperatures, where a plethora of competing energy scales gives rise to complex landscape of crossovers. Each Kondo regime splits into a pair of phases, one not magnetized and one comprising magnetically polarized quantum dots. We discuss our results in the context of heavy-fermion physics in frustrated Kondo lattices.
description: 17 pages, 10 figures, version accepted in Phys. Rev. B (before proof corrections)
The X-Ray Binary X2127+119 in M15: Evidence for a Very-Low-Mass, Stripped-Giant Companion
Creators: name: van Zyl, L.
name: Charles, P. A.
name: Arribas, S.
name: Naylor, T.
name: Mediavilla, E.
name: Hellier, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present integral field spectroscopy of X2127+119, the luminous X-ray binary in the globular cluster M15, obtained with INTEGRAL/WYFFOS on the William Herschel Telescope. We find that tomograms of HeII 4686 line profiles appear to be incompatible with the previously-assumed view of X2127+119, in which the binary consists of a 1.4-solar-mass neutron star and a 0.8-solar-mass sub-giant companion near the main-sequence turn-off for M15. Our data imply a much smaller mass ratio M_2/M_x of 0.1. We find that models of X2127+119 with black-hole compact objects give a poor fit to our data, while a neutron-star compact object is consistent with the data, implying that X2127+119's companion may have a much lower mass (~0.1 solar masses) than previously assumed. As an 0.1-solar-mass main-sequence star would be unable to fill its Roche lobe in a binary with X2127+119's orbital period (17.1 hours), the companion is likely to be the remnant of a significantly more massive star which has had most of its envelope stripped away.
description: 8 pages, 6 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Impact of low-energy cosmic rays on star formation
Creators: name: Padovani, Marco
name: Ivlev, Alexei V.
name: Galli, Daniele
name: Offner, Stella S. R.
name: Indriolo, Nick
name: Rodgers-Lee, Donna
name: Marcowith, Alexandre
name: Girichidis, Philipp
name: Bykov, Andrei M.
name: Kruijssen, J. M. Diederik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In recent years, exciting developments have taken place in the identification of the role of cosmic rays in star-forming environments. Observations from radio to infrared wavelengths and theoretical modelling have shown that low-energy cosmic rays (<1 TeV) play a fundamental role in shaping the chemical richness of the interstellar medium, determining the dynamical evolution of molecular clouds. In this review we summarise in a coherent picture the main results obtained by observations and by theoretical models of propagation and generation of cosmic rays, from the smallest scales of protostars and circumstellar discs, to young stellar clusters, up to Galactic and extragalactic scales. We also discuss the new fields that will be explored in the near future thanks to new generation instruments, such as: CTA, for the $γ$-ray emission from high-mass protostars; SKA and precursors, for the synchrotron emission at different scales; and ELT/HIRES, JWST, and ARIEL, for the impact of cosmic rays on exoplanetary atmospheres and habitability.
description: Submitted to Space Science Reviews topical collection Star formation
Effects of excitation light polarization on fluorescence emission in two-photon light-sheet microscopy
Creators: name: de Vito, Giuseppe
name: Ricci, Pietro
name: Turrini, Lapo
name: Gavryusev, Vladislav
name: Müllenbroich, Caroline
name: Tiso, Natascia
name: Vanzi, Francesco
name: Silvestri, Ludovico
name: Pavone, Francesco Saverio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Light-sheet microscopy (LSM) is a powerful imaging technique that uses a planar illumination oriented orthogonally to the detection axis. Two-photon (2P) LSM is a variant of LSM that exploits the 2P absorption effect for sample excitation. The light polarization state plays a significant, and often overlooked, role in 2P absorption processes. The scope of this work is to test whether using different polarization states for excitation light can affect the detected signal levels in 2P LSM imaging of typical biological samples with a spatially unordered dye population. Supported by a theoretical model, we compared the fluorescence signals obtained using different polarization states with various fluorophores (fluorescein, EGFP and GCaMP6s) and different samples (liquid solution and fixed or living zebrafish larvae). In all conditions, in agreement with our theoretical expectations, linear polarization oriented parallel to the detection plane provided the largest signal levels, while perpendicularly-oriented polarization gave low fluorescence signal with the biological samples, but a large signal for the fluorescein solution. Finally, circular polarization generally provided lower signal levels. These results highlight the importance of controlling the light polarization state in 2P LSM of biological samples. Furthermore, this characterization represents a useful guide to choose the best light polarization state when maximization of signal levels is needed, e.g. in high-speed 2P LSM.
description: 16 pages, 4 figures. Version of the manuscript accepted for publication on Biomedical Optics Express
Additional file 1 of Assessment of the impact of EHR heterogeneity for clinical research through a case study of silent brain infarction
Creators: name: Sunyang Fu
name: Leung, Lester Y.
name: Anne-Olivia Raulli
name: Kallmes, David F.
name: Kinsman, Kristin A.
name: Kristoff B. Nelson
name: Clark, Michael S.
name: Luetmer, Patrick H.
name: Kingsbury, Paul R.
name: Kent, David M.
name: Liu, Hongfang
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Information Systems
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Additional file 1: Supplemental Appendix 1. Screening Protocol.
Neutrino CP phases and lepton electric dipole moments in supersymmetric theories
Creators: name: Branco, G. C.
name: Delepine, D.
name: Khalil, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyse the dependence of the electron electric dipole moment (EDM) on neutrino CP violating phases in the context of supersymmetric models. We start by studying the supersymmetric contributions to the lepton EDM and lepton flavour violation processes tau -> mu gamma and mu -> e gamma, in the framework of the mass insertion approximation, showing that, due to the large neutrino mixing, mu -> e gamma leads to severe constraints on the relevant mass insertions. We derive model independent bounds on these mass insertions and show that once these bounds are satisfied, the present experimental limits on electron EDM do not constraint the neutrino phases.
description: 20 pages
Choosing among alternative histories of a tree
Creators: name: Timár, Gábor
name: da Costa, Rui A.
name: Dorogovtsev, Sergey N.
name: Mendes, José F. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The structure of an evolving network contains information about its past. Extracting this information efficiently, however, is, in general, a difficult challenge. We formulate a fast and efficient method to estimate the most likely history of growing trees, based on exact results on root finding. We show that our linear-time algorithm produces the exact stepwise most probable history in a broad class of tree growth models. Our formulation is able to treat very large trees and therefore allows us to make reliable numerical observations regarding the possibility of root inference and history reconstruction in growing trees. We obtain the general formula $\langle \ln \mathcal{N} \rangle \cong N \ln N - cN$ for the size-dependence of the mean logarithmic number of possible histories of a given tree, a quantity that largely determines the reconstructability of tree histories. We also reveal an uncertainty principle: a relationship between the inferrability of the root and that of the complete history, indicating that there is a tradeoff between the two tasks; the root and the complete history cannot both be inferred with high accuracy at the same time.
description: 17 pages, 10 figures
Color dielectric model with two scalar fields
Creators: name: Wereszczynski, A.
name: Slusarczyk, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: SU(2) Yang-Mills theory coupled in a non-minimal way to two scalar fields is discussed. For the massless scalar fields a family of finite energy solutions generated by an external, static electric charge is found. Additionally, there is a single solution which can be interpreted as confining one. Similar solutions have been obtained in the magnetic sector. In case of massive scalar fields the Coulomb problem is investigated. We find that asymptotic behavior of the fields can also, for some values of the parameter of the model, give confinement of the electric charge. Quite interesting one glueball--meson coupling gives the linear confining potential. Finally, it is shown that for one non-dynamical scalar field we derive the color dielectric generalization of the Pagels--Tomboulis model.
description: 20 pages, LaTeX, Accepted for publication in Eur. Phys. J. C
Additional file 1 of Serum choline is associated with hepatocellular carcinoma survival: a prospective cohort study
Creators: name: Liu, Zhao-Yan
name: Dinuerguli Yishake
name: Fang, Ai-Ping
name: Dao-Ming Zhang
name: Gong-Cheng Liao
name: Tan, Xu-Ying
name: Zhang, Yao-Jun
name: Hui-Lian Zhu
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1 Table S1. Screening procedure of variables by nonparametric log-rank test.
AN IN VITRO MODEL FOR IMPLANT-RELATED INFECTIONS
Creators: name: Jones, Caleb D.
Publisher: name: ProQuest
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 31
subject: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Research indicates that the production of the nuclease enzyme in S. aureus cells has a positive effect on rates of biofilm dispersal in vitro. In this document, we transform that experimental design in a clinically relevant direction, utilizing silicone surfaces and human blood plasma for growth and dispersal medium. Expanding upon the design, research was done in the contexts of both dispersal and enzyme-mediated detachment. Several novel assays were developed, including a rod-based assay, a lumen assay, and a “slice” assay. Our results indicate that nuclease is not involved in the dispersal of the S. aureus biofilm in vivo, as we uncovered no significant change in dispersal rates for nuclease producers and non-producers. Though the hypothesis yielded a negative result, our research did manage to characterize different elements of biofilm composure through enzymatic detachment experimentation.
AN IN VITRO MODEL FOR IMPLANT-RELATED INFECTIONS
Creators: name: Jones, Caleb D.
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: Research indicates that the production of the nuclease enzyme in S. aureus cells has a positive effect on rates of biofilm dispersal in vitro. In this document, we transform that experimental design in a clinically relevant direction, utilizing silicone surfaces and human blood plasma for growth and dispersal medium. Expanding upon the design, research was done in the contexts of both dispersal and enzyme-mediated detachment. Several novel assays were developed, including a rod-based assay, a lumen assay, and a “slice” assay. Our results indicate that nuclease is not involved in the dispersal of the S. aureus biofilm in vivo, as we uncovered no significant change in dispersal rates for nuclease producers and non-producers. Though the hypothesis yielded a negative result, our research did manage to characterize different elements of biofilm composure through enzymatic detachment experimentation.
Flexible FPGA ECDSA Design with a Field Multiplier Inherently Resistant against HCCA
Creators: name: Dyka, Zoya
name: Kreiser, Dan
name: Kabin, Ievgen
name: Langendoerfer, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper we describe our flexible ECDSA design for elliptic curve over binary extended fields GF(2l). We investigated its resistance against Horizontal Collision Correlation Attacks (HCCA). Due to the fact that our design is based on the Montgomery kP algorithm using Lopez-Dahab projective coordinates the scalar k cannot be successful revealed using HCCA, but this kind of attacks can be helpful to divide the measured traces into parts that correspond to processing of a single bit of the scalar k. The most important contribution of this paper is that our flexible field multiplier is resistant against horizontal attacks. This inherent resistance makes it a valuable building block for designing unified field multipliers.
description: Author's version accepted for ReConFig-2018; the final publication is available at https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/abstract/document/8641730
The least H-eigenvalue of adjacency tensor of hypergraphs with cut vertices
Creators: name: Fan, Yi-Zheng
name: Zhu, Zhu
name: Wang, Yi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary 15A18, 05C65, Secondary 13P15, 14M99

description: Let $G$ be a connected hypergraph with even uniformity, which contains cut vertices. Then $G$ is the coalescence of two nontrivial connected sub-hypergraphs (called branches) at a cut vertex. Let $\mathcal{A}(G)$ be the adjacency tensor of $G$. The least H-eigenvalue of $\mathcal{A}(G)$ refers to the least real eigenvalue of $\mathcal{A}(G)$ associated with a real eigenvector. In this paper we obtain a perturbation result on the least H-eigenvalue of $\mathcal{A}(G)$ when a branch of $G$ attached at one vertex is relocated to another vertex, and characterize the unique hypergraph whose least H-eigenvalue attains the minimum among all hypergraphs in a certain class of hypergraphs which contain a fixed connected hypergraph.
description: arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1902.04233
PREDICTING INTEREST IN RECEIVING HEALTHY EATING INFORMATION VIA SOCIAL MEDIA AMONG ADULTS LIVING IN UNDER-RESOURCED COMMUNITIES IN WASHINGTON, D.C.
Creators: name: Bertrand, Adrian
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: Access to nutrition programs by individuals living in under-resourced communities was made more challenging by the emergence of the novel corona virus. Innovative approaches are needed to reach participants. Social media can reduce some program participation barriers. The purpose of this research is to explore interest in receiving healthy eating information via social media among adults living in under-resourced communities in Washington, DC. The researcher partnered with Martha’s Table, a local food access non-profit organization, to invite community members to complete a brief 22-item survey. A total of 375 interviews were completed with a response rate of 88.4%. Participants mean age was 52.9 years, 69% reported being social media users, and 49% expressed interest in receiving healthy eating information via social media. Multinomial regression analysis indicated that self-efficacy, digital technology value and digital technology use are significant predictors of interest in receiving healthy eating information via social media. The findings suggest that high self-efficacy is associated with participants interest in receiving healthy eating information via SNS. Secondly the findings of this study indicate that, amongst participants, social media is widely used and a feasible method to share healthy eating information. The results of this study could benefit nutrition education researchers who are planning on using social media to increase participant engagement and reach. Understanding interest in receiving healthy eating information via SNS could help community organizations and researchers during the planning and design stages of social marketing campaigns.
PREDICTING INTEREST IN RECEIVING HEALTHY EATING INFORMATION VIA SOCIAL MEDIA AMONG ADULTS LIVING IN UNDER-RESOURCED COMMUNITIES IN WASHINGTON, D.C.
Creators: name: Bertrand, Adrian
Publisher: name: ProQuest
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 39
subject: Education
classificationCode: 42
subject: Health sciences
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Access to nutrition programs by individuals living in under-resourced communities was made more challenging by the emergence of the novel corona virus. Innovative approaches are needed to reach participants. Social media can reduce some program participation barriers. The purpose of this research is to explore interest in receiving healthy eating information via social media among adults living in under-resourced communities in Washington, DC. The researcher partnered with Martha’s Table, a local food access non-profit organization, to invite community members to complete a brief 22-item survey. A total of 375 interviews were completed with a response rate of 88.4%. Participants mean age was 52.9 years, 69% reported being social media users, and 49% expressed interest in receiving healthy eating information via social media. Multinomial regression analysis indicated that self-efficacy, digital technology value and digital technology use are significant predictors of interest in receiving healthy eating information via social media. The findings suggest that high self-efficacy is associated with participants interest in receiving healthy eating information via SNS. Secondly the findings of this study indicate that, amongst participants, social media is widely used and a feasible method to share healthy eating information. The results of this study could benefit nutrition education researchers who are planning on using social media to increase participant engagement and reach. Understanding interest in receiving healthy eating information via SNS could help community organizations and researchers during the planning and design stages of social marketing campaigns.
Real-Time Value-Driven Data Augmentation in the Era of LSST
Creators: name: Sravan, Niharika
name: Milisavljevic, Dan
name: Reynolds, Jack M.
name: Lentner, Geoffrey
name: Linvill, Mark
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The deluge of data from time-domain surveys is rendering traditional human-guided data collection and inference techniques impractical. We propose a novel approach for conducting data collection for science inference in the era of massive large-scale surveys that uses value-based metrics to autonomously strategize and co-ordinate follow-up in real-time. We demonstrate the underlying principles in the Recommender Engine For Intelligent Transient Tracking (REFITT) that ingests live alerts from surveys and value-added inputs from data brokers to predict the future behavior of transients and design optimal data augmentation strategies given a set of scientific objectives. The prototype presented in this paper is tested to work given simulated Rubin Observatory Legacy Survey of Space and Time (LSST) core-collapse supernova (CC SN) light-curves from the PLAsTiCC dataset. CC SNe were selected for the initial development phase as they are known to be difficult to classify, with the expectation that any learning techniques for them should be at least as effective for other transients. We demonstrate the behavior of REFITT on a random LSST night given ~32000 live CC SNe of interest. The system makes good predictions for the photometric behavior of the events and uses them to plan follow-up using a simple data-driven metric. We argue that machine-directed follow-up maximizes the scientific potential of surveys and follow-up resources by reducing downtime and bias in data collection.
description: Published in The Astrophysical Journal
Groupoids, branched manifolds and multisections
Creators: name: McDuff, Dusa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Symplectic Geometry (math.SG)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Cieliebak, Mundet i Riera and Salamon recently formulated a definition of branched submanifold of Euclidean space in connection with their discussion of multivalued sections and the Euler class. This note proposes an intrinsic definition of a weighted branched manifold Z that is obtained from the usual definition of oriented orbifold groupoid by relaxing the properness condition and adding a weighting. We show that if Z is compact, finite dimensional and oriented, then it carries a fundamental class [Z]. Adapting the construction of Liu and Tian, we also show that the fundamental class [X] of any oriented orbifold X may be represented by a map from Z to X, where the branched manifold Z is unique up to a natural equivalence relation. This gives further insight into the structure of the virtual moduli cycle in the new polyfold theory recently constructed by Hofer, Wysocki and Zehnder.
description: 45 pages, 8 figures; v3: some definitions slightly revised, references added, v4: minor changes
Problems of Application of Internet of Things in Agricultural Informationization and Recommendations for Shandong Province
Creators: name: LI, Yong
name: LI, Yong
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Internet of Things (IoT), Agriculture, Informationization, Standardization

description: This paper firstly elaborated the research status of agricultural Internet of Things (IoT) and basic concepts of IoT technology. Then, it analyzed main problems in the application of IoT technology in the agricultural informationization. Finally, it came up with recommendations in strategic planning, policies, technologies, funds and mechanisms, to provide policy references for the connotative development of agriculture in Shandong Province.
The carbon sequestration potential of three common turfgrasses : Lolium perenne; Fescue rubra; and Poa pratensis
Creators: name: Wu, Yihan
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2014

description: The objective of this study was to study the effect of trimming on different species of turfgrass and on their clippings as well as to find out which species has the greatest carbon sequestration ability. In the short term, clipping of the grasses results in an immediate decrease in net photosynthesis rate followed by an increase after 24 hours. Over the long term, uncut grasses decline in photosynthetic ability, most likely a result of physiological changes as grass blades age. Clippings from the grasses experienced an immediate decrease in photosynthesis followed by negative net photosynthesis at 4 hours before decreasing to approximately no net photosynthesis at the end of 24 hours. The carbon sequestration ability of these turfgrass species depends on their age and the time after mowing. Disclaimer: “UBC SEEDS provides students with the opportunity to share the findings of their studies, as well as their opinions, conclusions and recommendations with the UBC community. The reader should bear in mind that this is a student project/report and is not an official document of UBC. Furthermore readers should bear in mind that these reports may not reflect the current status of activities at UBC. We urge you to contact the research persons mentioned in a report or the SEEDS Coordinator about the current status of the subject matter of a project/report.”
X-ray Scattering Halos from the Galactic Center: Implications for Diffuse Emission Around SgrA*
Creators: name: Tan, Jonathan C.
name: Draine, B. T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the absorption and scattering of X-rays observed from the Galactic center. One objective is to characterize the intrinsic X-ray emission from the central black hole, SgrA*, in its quiescent and flaring states. We correct the fluxes observed by the Chandra and XMM telescopes for absorption and scattering, using realistic models for the dust grain size distribution, gas and dust abundances and spatial distributions. However, there are still large uncertainties. Since much of the intervening dust is close to SgrA*, the scattered halo of X-ray photons is very concentrated: its intensity can dominate the Chandra PSF inside 1", and so affects estimates of the point source flux. It also broadens the radial intensity profiles of Galactic center sources - observations of this effect can help constrain models of the spatial distribution of the dust. We estimate that the combined scattering halos from observed Galactic center sources within 10" of SgrA* contribute up to ~10% of the observed diffuse emission in this region. Dust-scattered photons suffer a time delay relative to the photons that arrive directly. For dust that is 100 pc towards us from the Galactic center, this delay is about 1000 s at angles of 1", and 100 ks at 10". We illustrate how the evolution of the scattering halo following X-ray flares from SgrA* or other sources can also help to constrain the dust's line of sight distribution. We discuss the implications of X-ray scattering halos for the intensity of diffuse emission that has been reported within a few arcseconds of SgrA*: in the most extreme, yet viable, model we consider, ~1/3 of it is due to dust scattering of an unresolved source. The remainder results from an extended source of emission.
description: 24 pages, including 10 figures, ApJ accepted
Ab-Initio self-energy embedding for the photoemission spectra of NiO and MnO
Creators: name: Iskakov, Sergei
name: Yeh, Chia-Nan
name: Gull, Emanuel
name: Zgid, Dominika
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The accurate ab-initio simulation of periodic solids with strong correlations is one of the grand challenges of condensed matter. While mature methods exist for weakly correlated solids, the ab-initio description of strongly correlated systems is an active field of research. In this work, we show results for the single particle spectral function of the two correlated $d$-electron solids NiO and MnO from self-energy embedding theory. Unlike earlier work, the theory does not use any adjustable parameters and is fully ab-initio, while being able to treat both the strong correlation and the non-local screening physics of these materials. We derive the method, discuss aspects of the embedding and choices of physically important orbitals, and compare our results to x-ray and angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy as well as bremsstrahlung-isochromat spectroscopy.
description: 14 pages, 9 figure, 4 tables
Modeling the Multi-wavelength Universe: the assembly of massive galaxies
Creators: name: Somerville, Rachel S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Pan-chromatic galaxy surveys are providing tightening constraints on the global mass assembly history, and high-resolution imaging of large fields is telling us when and where stars were formed. How well are state-of-the-art hierarchical galaxy formation models currently doing at reproducing these observations? I present results here that suggest that hierarchical models are doing quite well at reproducing the global star formation and stellar mass assembly history obtained from galaxies selected in the optical and Near IR. However, the same models fail to reproduce two very important populations at high redshift: quiescent red spheroids and vigorously star-forming, dust-enshrouded starbursts. This mismatch carries important lessons about how star formation is triggered and regulated in early galaxies, and may force us to consider new ideas about the formation of massive spheroids.
description: 8 pages, 3 figures, to appear in the Proceedings of the ESO/USM/MPE Workshop on "Multiwavelength Mapping of Galaxy Formation and Evolution", eds. R. Bender and A. Renzini
Metabolic Pathways of Nitrate in the Eye Microbiota
Creators: name: Kong, Carol
Publisher: name: ProQuest
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 34
subject: Chemical sciences
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: Nitric oxide (NO) is a small free radical molecule with critical signaling roles. It is an endogenous vasodilator and an important mediator of vascular tone and vascular remodeling. Nitrate and nitrite are known as stable products of NO oxidation and are physiologically recycled in blood and tissues to reform NO by enzymatic and non-enzymatic pathways. Bacteria species in the human microbiome have been shown to reduce nitrate and nitrite and to produce NO under acidic conditions. In this study, we investigate the generation of nitrite and NO by bacterial species regularly identified in the eye microbiome of healthy humans, specifically Staphylococcus epidermidis and Bacillus subtilis. We measured nitrite and NO concentrations in cultures grown at oxygen and nitrate levels that approximate the conditions found in the eye. We found that Bacillus subtilis produced very low levels of NO even in the presence of millimolar nitrate concentrations. Instead, nitrite accumulated in the Staphylococcus epidermidis media after growth for 24 hours at low oxygen levels (2-6%) in a manner roughly directly proportional to the nitrate concentrations added in the media. These data indicate that during hypoxic conditions, Staphylococcus epidermidis express enzymes that efficiently reduce nitrate to nitrite and suggests that the related bacterial nitrite reduction to NO could be an important aspect of the overall nitrate/nitrite/NO metabolism. Therefore, the human microbiome can and may be a link between a nitrate rich diet and human health and disease.
Additional file 4 of The design and development of a multicentric protocol to investigate the impact of adjunctive doxycycline on the management of peripheral lymphoedema caused by lymphatic filariasis and podoconiosis
Creators: name: Horton, John
name: Klarmann-Schulz, Ute
name: Stephens, Mariana
name: Budge, Philip J.
name: Yaya Coulibaly
name: Debrah, Alex
name: Debrah, Linda Batsa
name: Krishnasastry, Suma
name: Upendo Mwingira
name: Ngenya, Abdallah
name: Wanji, Samuel
name: Mirani Weerasooriya
name: Yahathugoda, Channa
name: Kroidl, Inge
name: Deathe, Drew
name: Majewski, Andrew
name: Sullivan, Sarah
name: Mackenzie, Charles
name: Nutman, Thomas B.
name: Shott, Joseph P.
name: Weil, Gary
name: Ottesen, Eric
name: Hoerauf, Achim
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 4: Table S1. Study schedule.
Strong anisotropic optical properties of 8-Pmmn borophene: a many-body perturbation study
Creators: name: Nazar, N. Deily
name: Vazifehshenas, T.
name: Ebrahimi, M. R.
name: Peeters, F. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using first-principle many-body perturbation theory, we investigate the optical properties of 8- borophene at two levels of approximations; the GW method considering only the electron-electron interaction and the GW in combination with the Bethe-Salpeter equation including electron-hole coupling. The band structure exhibits anisotropic Dirac cones with semimetallic character. The optical absorption spectra are obtained for different light polarizations and we predict strong optical absorbance anisotropy. The absorption peaks undergo a global redshift when the electron-hole interaction is taken into account due to the formation of bound excitons which have an anisotropic excitonic wave function.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures