cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
A Molecular Solution to Solar Fuels
Creators: name: Ashford, Dennis Lee, II
Publisher: name: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Graduate School
Year: 2014
Subjects: Power resources
Renewable energy sources
Chemistry, Inorganic

description: Increasing demand for energy and the possible environmental impact of burning fossil fuels has resulted in the pursuit to discover a renewable energy source that circumvents these problems. The sun provides sufficient energy every hour to satisfy global energy consumption for an entire year, making it an attractive and probable long-term solution to alternative fuel sources. However, the diurnal cycle of the run requires that the energy be stored in chemical bonds which can be achieved through water oxidation (2 H2O + 4 hv --> O2 + 4 e-) and using the reductive equivalents to reduce water to hydrogen or CO2 to carbon based fuels. The absorption of solar energy is the initial step in generating solar fuels from light. Several new series of chromophores were fully characterized both in solution and derivatized on metal oxide electrodes for use in photoanodes. These complexes show that lowering the pi* acceptor orbitals results in the lowering of the excited state reduction potential (Ru3+/2+*) while leaving the ground state oxidation potential (Ru3+/2+) relatively unaffected. A new strategy to build chromophore-catalyst assemblies based on amide coupling was then devised as a way to systematically change the light harvesting chromophore, water oxidation catalyst, and the intervening spacer between the two metal centers. Photophysical analysis demonstrated that upon photoexcitation, electron injection into the conduction band of TiO2 has an efficiency of ~ 95%. Following electron injection, forward electron transfer between the two metal centers is ~ 100% efficient with 𝜏 = 145 ps. While amide coupling to build assemblies is general, it still requires multiply synthetic steps and yields assemblies that are unstable on metal oxides surface at elevated pHs. A new strategy to build spatially controlled, multi-component films on metal oxide electrodes utilizing electropolymerization. These electropolymerized films were found to be significantly more stable compared to the bare surface chromophore under photoelectrochemical conditions. In addition, electropolymerized films on a known water oxidation catalyst demonstrated that the electrocatalytic properties of the catalyst were maintained within the polymer films.
Translating the landscape: Eugene Dovilliers and landscape painting in the American South
Creators: name: Carlisle, Catherine Aiken
Publisher: name: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
Year: 2014

description: This thesis examines the practice of early Southern artists who often adapted European stylistic conventions to render Southern subjects and settings. Two landscape paintings by Eugene Dovilliers, a little-known artist working in Columbia, South Carolina, are considered as a case study to demonstrate the various landscape traditions established in Europe that were transposed onto Southern places. First, what is known of Dovilliers's biography is established, providing a rough idea of his whereabouts and activities which helps to determine what might have motivated him to make certain artistic choices. Second, one of Dovilliers's landscape paintings, View of Columbia, c. 1855-1860, is considered as a topographical landscape that harkens back seventeenth-century Dutch landscape traditions. Third, Dovilliers's other landscape painting, Duck Hunting Next to a Grist Mill, c. 1855-1860, recalls the picturesque landscapes of Claude Lorrain and is examined in this thesis using picturesque theory. Finally, the thesis concludes by determining what kinds of meanings might have been invested in Dovilliers's landscapes. Through a close examination of Dovilliers's pair of landscape paintings, this thesis demonstrates how artists working in the antebellum American South translated European artistic conventions into Southern settings.
The BK virus and HIV-associated salivary gland disease: corroborating the link
Creators: name: Burger-Calderon, Raquel A.
Publisher: name: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
Year: 2014

description: BK polyomavirus (BKPyV) is the most common viral pathogen among allograft patients and is known to adversely affect immune suppressed individuals since the discovery of the virus in 1971. Increasing evidence links BKPyV to the human oral compartment and to HIV-associated salivary gland disease (HIVSGD). To date, few studies have analyzed oral-derived BKPyV. The studies described in this manuscript, aimed to characterize BKPyV isolated from throatwash (TW) samples of HIVSGD patients. The BKPyV non-coding control region (NCCR) is the main determinant of viral replication and rearranges readily in vivo and in vitro. Further, NCCR rearrangements have been associated with functional differences. This study analyzed 36 clinical samples, of which 29 were BKPyV positive. One hundred percent of TW samples from HIVSGD patients and urine samples from transplant patients yielded BKPyV NCCR sequences. Importantly, 94% of the BKPyV HIVSGD NCCRs carried the rearranged OPQPQQS block arrangement, suggesting a distinctive architecture among this sample set. Of interest, in the 22% of BKPyV positive oral samples from individuals without HIVSGD, the BKPyV substrains were distinct from OPQPQQS. The studies also assessed the replication potential and NCCR promoter strength of HIVSGD-derived clinical isolates in vitro. The majority of HIVSGD-derived BKPyV isolates underwent productive infection and had active promoters in an oral cell culture system. Quantitation of infectious virus suggested that HIVSGD BKPyV had preferential tropism for salivary gland cells over kidney cells. Evidence of HIVSGD-derived BKPyV oral tropism and adept viral replication in human salivary gland cells corroborated the potential link between HIVSGD pathogenesis and BKPyV.
Options for Improving Government Programs that Cover Crop Losses Caused by Natural Hazards
Creators: name: Miller, Thomas A.
name: Walter, Alan S.
name: Miller, Thomas A.
name: Walter, Alan S.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1977
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Public Economics
subject: Risk and Uncertainty
subject: Agricultural and food policy
subject: risk
subject: crop insurance
subject: disaster payments

description: The major problem areas of private and Federal programs to protect producers from loss of income due to crop damage by natural disasters are identified, and policy options for handling these problems are developed. Options are evaluated on the basis of protection provided and the costs and benefits to farmers and taxpayers. Analysis of these options provides policymakers with a wide range of alternatives concerning the level of protection to provide producers. The analysis shows that the cost of these programs generally increases with the level of protection provided.
Holographic Complexity of Quantum Black Holes
Creators: name: Emparan, Roberto
name: Frassino, Antonia Micol
name: Sasieta, Martin
name: Tomašević, Marija
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze different holographic complexity proposals for black holes that include corrections from bulk quantum fields. The specific setup is the quantum BTZ black hole, which encompasses in an exact manner the effects of conformal fields with large central charge in the presence of the black hole, including the backreaction corrections to the BTZ metric. Our results show that Volume Complexity admits a consistent quantum expansion and correctly reproduces known limits. On the other hand, the generalized Action Complexity picks up large contributions from the singularity, which is modified due to quantum backreaction, with the result that Action Complexity does not reproduce the expected classical limit. Furthermore, we show that the doubly-holographic setup allows computing the complexity coming purely from quantum fields - a notion that has proven evasive in usual holographic setups. We find that in holographic induced-gravity scenarios the complexity of quantum fields in a black hole background vanishes to leading order in the gravitational strength of CFT effects.
description: 45 pages, 8 figures
DNA Degradation: The Effects of Oil Blue A on Various Storage Times and Temperatures
Creators: name: Holley, Krysten Ruth
Publisher: name: University of Illinois at Chicago
Year: 2023

description: Oil Blue A was diluted and then was mixed in with M719 genomic DNA, and then placed in-solution and dried on glass microscope slides. Both types of DNA solutions, in-solution and dried, were placed in two temperatures, one being room temperature and the other being -20ºC (freezer). For in-solution samples, they were studied at time 0 hour, 1 hour, 2 hours, 4 hours, 8 hours, and 24 hours. For the dried slides, at 0 hour, 1 hour, 2 hours, 4 hours, 8 hours, and 24 hours. The dried slides also had an extended period study where the times were: day 1, day 2, day 14, day 28, day 42, day 56, day 84, day 112, day 140. A standard organic extraction was performed over three days. DNA was then quantified using the Applied Biosystems 7500 Real-Time PCR System. There were no apparent trends that appeared with DNA quantity or DNA degradation being accelerated due to the Oil Blue A being mixed in with the DNA solution. However, compared to our standards it seems like the degradation index could be slightly higher with Oil Blue A, but the results were not significant to make this conclusion. No definitive conclusion can be reached on whether time and or temperature impacted the DNA quantity and DNA degradation readings as all the results when examined proved to be insignificant. This could be due to the quality of DNA that we used, or the amount of DNA used. Furthermore, continued research would be necessary to single out if Oil Blue A does indeed cause degradation within DNA samples in various storage conditions over time.
Is the gravitational-wave ringdown a probe of the event horizon?
Creators: name: Cardoso, Vitor
name: Franzin, Edgardo
name: Pani, Paolo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is commonly believed that the ringdown signal from a binary coalescence provides a conclusive proof for the formation of an event horizon after the merger. This expectation is based on the assumption that the ringdown waveform at intermediate times is dominated by the quasinormal modes of the final object. We point out that this assumption should be taken with great care, and that very compact objects with a light ring will display a similar ringdown stage, even when their quasinormal-mode spectrum is completely different from that of a black hole. In other words, universal ringdown waveforms indicate the presence of light rings, rather than of horizons. Only precision observations of the late-time ringdown signal, where the differences in the quasinormal-mode spectrum eventually show up, can be used to rule out exotic alternatives to black holes and to test quantum effects at the horizon scale.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures. Version published as Editors' Suggestion in Physical Review Letters. v4: includes Erratum correcting the caption of Fig.4. All conclusions remain unchanged
Supplementary document for Rotational Dynamics of Indirect Optical Bound Particle Assembly under a Single Tightly Focused Laser - 6222778.pdf
Creators: name: Yokoyama, Tomohiro
name: Tao, Yukihiro
name: Ishihara, Hajime
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 20203 Particle Physics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 20504 Photonics, Optoelectronics and Optical Communications

description: Supplementary Document
Precisely Engineered Protein-Based PRINT® Particles for Delivery of Nucleic Acids
Creators: name: Xu, Jing
Publisher: name: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
Year: 2012

description: RNA replicon (self-replicating RNA) has long been regarded as an important form of vaccines due to its remarkable immunogenicity and superior safety features. In this study, we report the first non-viral delivery of RNA replicons using protein-based PRINT particles. Cylindrical bovine serum albumin (BSA) particles (diameter (d) 1 micron, height (h) 1 micron) fabricated utilizing PRINT® technology were rendered transiently insoluble using a novel, reductively labile disulfide-based cross-linker. After being cross-linked, the protein particles retain their integrity in aqueous solution and dissolve preferentially under a reducing environment which is found in cytoplasm, the site of action for RNA replicons. Our data reveal that the cross-linker leaves no chemical residue on the amino group it reacts with after being cleaved, which represents a great advantage over traditionally used protein cross-linkers. The particles were loaded with RNA replicons encoding several different proteins i
Hidden structure in the spectra of strongly correlated electrons in 1d
Creators: name: Quinn, Eoin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We identify a structure in the spectra of 1d lattice models of interacting electrons, characterised by an anomalous gapped branch of elementary excitations. Focusing on a family of Bethe ansatz solvable models, where all excitations are stable against decay, we make a four-way classification of the energy spectrum along with a model belonging to each class. We find in particular that the anomalous excitation branch may switch between the spin and charge symmetry sectors without a change in the ground state. Instead it changes its nature by becoming inaccessible to the ground state.
Prevalencia de anomalías congénitas y factores asociados con su desarrollo en un hospital de referencia nacional en Quito, Ecuador
Creators: name: Toapanta Pinta, Paola
name: Toapanta, Cristhian Santiago Vasco
name: Analy Alejandra, Salinas-Salinas,
name: Vasco-Morales, Santiago
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2025
Subjects: classificationCode: 321303
subject: Neonatology

description: Introducción. Las anomalías congénitas (AC) tienen un impacto significativo en la salud y la calidad de vida. Por tanto, conocer su prevalencia y los factores asociados a su desarrollo es esencial para diseñar e implementar programas educativos y preventivos. Objetivos: Determinar la prevalencia de AC en un hospital de referencia nacional de Ecuador entre 2009 y 2022 y explorar los factores asociados a su presencia. Materiales y métodos. Estudio transversal realizado con 2 conjuntos de datos para el periodo 2009 y 2022: 105 385 nacidos vivos dados a luz en el HGOIA (estimación de la prevalencia) y 26 236 neonatos hospitalizados en el servicio de neonatología del hospital (exploración de factores asociados a la presencia de AC). Se usó la prueba de Chi cuadrado para evaluar diferencias entre grupos (recién nacidos con y sin defectos congénitos). Además, se usaron modelos de regresión logística binaria, tanto simple (Odds ratio [OR] brutos) como múltiple (OR ajustados) para evaluar las asociaciones entre las condiciones perinatales consideradas y la presencia de AC (en general y por categoría de anomalía).Resultados. La prevalencia de AC fue 2.92% (n=3 075). Las anomalías del sistema nervioso (25.6%), de los sistemas cardiovascular y respiratorio (21.1%) y musculoesqueléticas (16.1%) fueron las AC más frecuentes. La edad materna >35 años (OR: 1.20, IC95%: 1.07-1.33) se asoció positivamente con la presencia de AC, mientras que el embarazo planificado (OR: 0.88, IC95%: 0.81-0.96) y el embarazo múltiple (OR: 0.50, IC95%: 0.42-0.60) se asociaron negativamente. El consumo de ácido fólico, ser varón y varios factores relacionados con la madre, entre otras variables, mostraron una asociación con la presencia de tipos específicos de AC. Conclusiones. La prevalencia de AC en el HGOIA entre 2009 y 2022 es ligeramente superior a la reportada en la región, siendo las anomalías del sistema nervioso y las de los sistemas cardiovascular y respiratorio las más frecuentes. Se encontró una asociación positiva entre la edad materna >35 años y la presencia de AC, mientras que la planificación del embarazo y los embarazos múltiples mostraron asociaciones negativas.
Analysis Plan
Creators: name: Lin, Audrie
name: Silvera, Alexis
name: Butzin-Dozier, Zachary
name: Mertens, Andrew
name: Tan, Sophia
name: Li, Amy
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: Life Sciences

description: WASH Benefits Bangladesh: Maternal Exposure to Intimate Partner Violence, Maternal Depression, Parental Stress and Child Stress Biomarkers Analysis Plan Update
On Hopf Algebras over quantum subgroups
Creators: name: Garcia, Gaston Andres
name: Giraldi, Joao Matheus Jury
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 16T05

description: Using the standard filtration associated with a generalized lifting method, we determine all finite-dimensional Hopf algebras over an algebraically closed field of characteristic zero whose coradical generates a Hopf subalgebra isomorphic to the smallest non-pointed non-cosemisimple Hopf algebra ${\mathcal{K}}$ and the corresponding infinitesimal module is an indecomposable object in ${}^{\mathcal{K}}_{\mathcal{K}}\mathcal{YD}$ (we assume that the diagrams are Nichols algebras). As a byproduct, we obtain new Nichols algebras of dimension 8 and new Hopf algebras of dimension 64.
description: First version: 34 pages, with an Appendix. Second version: 26 pages with minor changes in exposure; we also remove Theorem 5.1. Third version: 26 pages; accepted version to appear in J. Pure Appl. Algebra
Phantom dosimetry and image quality of Galileos Comfort Plus cone beam computed tomography
Creators: name: Hunter, Ross
Publisher: name: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
Year: 2014

description: Introduction: Increasing use of CBCT in many aspects of dental treatment has been associated with an elevated concern for the long-term risks of x-ray exposure, especially in adolescent patients. An industry response to this has been to offer lower-exposure and collimated field scanning options. Methods: Effective doses resulting from various combinations of field size/location (FOV), number of image frames, and mAs settings were calculated for ATOM child and adult anthropomorphic phantom exposures using the Galileos Comfort Plus CBCT unit. Optical Stimulated Dosimetry was used with a previously validated protocol. Image quality data was acquired with the Quart DVT CBCT phantom. Results: For the same exposures, child doses averaged 32% greater than adult (p=0.0004). Full field doses were greater than mandibular followed by maxillary (p=0.0002). Dose increased with increasing mAs (p>0.0001). Increasing Contrast Noise Ratio (CNR) was associated with increasing mAs (p=0.0106) and frames (p=0.0423), while Modulation Transfer Function (MTF) was not (p>0.05). Conclusions: An average of 66% reduction in dose can be achieved when using standard exposure parameters in comparison with high-definition exposures. CNR was correlated with increasing dose; however, the clinical implication of this requires further study.
Importance of Groundwater to Dissolved Organic Carbon Export from a Florida Salt Marsh to the Gulf of Mexico
Creators: name: Gray, Emily Rose
Publisher: name: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
Year: 2013

description: Dissolved organic carbon (DOC) export from salt marshes via groundwater represents an important source to the coastal ocean. Coastal aquifers and salt marshes are especially vulnerable to rising sea levels due to their low elevation and proximity to the ocean. Carbon sequestration in marshes will become overwhelmed by inundation and increase carbon release from these organic-rich ecosystems. Groundwater flushing through sediments mixes with tidal recharge, and the resulting submarine discharge enhances DOC export in this Florida salt marsh study, where the groundwater DOC export is derived from a regional water balance and total surface water DOC export. Fresh groundwater discharge from the Econfina-Aucilla salt marsh is 0.072-0.14 cm/day. The seasonal groundwater DOC export to the Gulf of Mexico is 150-180 gC/m2/year, or 2.2 to 34% of the total carbon exported from the marsh. Clearly, groundwater discharge from salt marshes is an important source to the global ocean carbon cycle.
Landownership Issues in Rural America
Creators: name: Boxley, Robert F.
name: Boxley, Robert F.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1977
Subjects: Land Economics/Use

description: Excerpts: Private landownership is a cornerstone of the American society, yet we know very little about who owns the land. As competition for land increases, as conflicts among land uses arise, and as more people and institutions are involved in land decisionmaking, it becomes more vital than ever to know who will make decisions about land and who will bear the burden or reap the benefits of those decisions. There are simultaneously more people, more ways to use land, and more public bodies (county governments, planning boards, citizens groups) associated with decisions about land use. Current issues over environmental quality, land use planning, food production capacity, and foreign ownership of U.S. land literally demand that we know more about who owns land, about the factors that determine landowners' decisions, and about the way these decisions affect society.
description: This report is based on a presentation to the 1976 annual meeting of the American Country Life Association.
Fully gapped $d$-wave superconductivity in CeCu$_2$Si$_2$
Creators: name: Pang, G. M.
name: Smidman, M.
name: Zhang, J. L.
name: Jiao, L.
name: Weng, Z. F.
name: Nica, E. M.
name: Chen, Y.
name: Jiang, W. B.
name: Zhang, Y. J.
name: Xie, W.
name: Jeevan, H. S.
name: Lee, H.
name: Gegenwart, P.
name: Steglich, F.
name: Si, Q.
name: Yuan, H. Q.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The nature of the pairing symmetry of the first heavy fermion superconductor CeCu$_2$Si$_2$ has recently become the subject of controversy. While CeCu$_2$Si$_2$ was generally believed to be a $d$-wave superconductor, recent low temperature specific heat measurements showed evidence for fully gapped superconductivity, contrary to the nodal behavior inferred from earlier results. Here we report London penetration depth measurements, which also reveal fully gapped behavior at very low temperatures. To explain these seemingly conflicting results, we propose a fully gapped $d+d$ band-mixing pairing state for CeCu$_2$Si$_2$, which yields very good fits to both the superfluid density and specific heat, as well as accounting for a sign change of the superconducting order parameter, as previously concluded from inelastic neutron scattering results.
description: 9 pages, 6 figures including Supplemental material. Published version in PNAS available online ahead of print at http://www.pnas.org/content/early/2018/05/07/1720291115
TO HELP, OR AT LEAST DO NO HARM: THE EVOLVING ROLES OF GLOBAL HEALTH NGOS IN HEALTH SYSTEMS STRENGTHENING
Creators: name: Hoemeke, Laura
Publisher: name: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Graduate School
Year: 2015
Subjects: Public health
International relations

description: Laura Miniea Hoemeke: To Help, or at Least Do No Harm: The Evolving Roles of Global Health NGOs in Health Systems Strengthening (Under the direction of Suzanne Hobbs) Background: International non-governmental organizations (INGOs) have proliferated over the past several decades. As significant actors in global health and development, they can help strengthen health systems in the countries in which they operate. INGOs sometimes, however, engage in practices that weaken health systems, including creating additional management burdens and distorting labor markets, as well as exacerbating inequities by offering higher quality care to some segments of a population. Health systems strengthening (HSS) is an evolving concept and, while little agreement exists on effective HSS metrics, there is consensus in the global health community that strong health systems are essential to achieve global health goals. In May 2008, several INGOs developed the NGO Code of Conduct for HSS to address factors related to the potential negative impact of INGOs; the Code, however, has not garnered significant attention within the global health community. Study design: This research seeks to understand how INGOs can best support HSS without unintentionally harming national health systems and explores factors preventing the NGO Code of Conduct from gaining momentum. The methodology consists of a comprehensive literature review identifying evolving concepts regarding HSS and INGOs, a review of the NGO Code of Conduct, and analysis of key informant interviews with representatives of 20 INGOs. Findings: INGOs can mitigate potential negative impact of their work by engaging in more systems thinking and self-analysis to develop greater awareness of their effects on health systems, especially their work on projects that are disease-focused or implemented in selected districts and not nation-wide. Donor agencies can facilitate INGOs' work to mitigate potential negative impact by dedicating funding to HSS, especially--but not only--in vertically funded projects, and creating more flexible funding mechanisms that allow for systems investments. In countries where ministries of health have greater management capacity, the work of INGOs and all health sector partners contributes more efficiently and effectively to HSS. Nearly all key informants shared challenges related to the NGO Code of Conduct for Health Systems Strengthening; they believe the Code should be modified and updated, or replaced by a simpler list of principles to guide INGOs in HSS.
MAGIC: Multimodal relAtional Graph adversarIal inferenCe for Diverse and Unpaired Text-based Image Captioning
Creators: name: Zhang, Wenqiao
name: Shi, Haochen
name: Guo, Jiannan
name: Zhang, Shengyu
name: Cai, Qingpeng
name: Li, Juncheng
name: Luo, Sihui
name: Zhuang, Yueting
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Text-based image captioning (TextCap) requires simultaneous comprehension of visual content and reading the text of images to generate a natural language description. Although a task can teach machines to understand the complex human environment further given that text is omnipresent in our daily surroundings, it poses additional challenges in normal captioning. A text-based image intuitively contains abundant and complex multimodal relational content, that is, image details can be described diversely from multiview rather than a single caption. Certainly, we can introduce additional paired training data to show the diversity of images' descriptions, this process is labor-intensive and time-consuming for TextCap pair annotations with extra texts. Based on the insight mentioned above, we investigate how to generate diverse captions that focus on different image parts using an unpaired training paradigm. We propose the Multimodal relAtional Graph adversarIal inferenCe (MAGIC) framework for diverse and unpaired TextCap. This framework can adaptively construct multiple multimodal relational graphs of images and model complex relationships among graphs to represent descriptive diversity. Moreover, a cascaded generative adversarial network is developed from modeled graphs to infer the unpaired caption generation in image-sentence feature alignment and linguistic coherence levels. We validate the effectiveness of MAGIC in generating diverse captions from different relational information items of an image. Experimental results show that MAGIC can generate very promising outcomes without using any image-caption training pairs.
Supplement, codes, and data for the paper 'Extension of the Dip-test Repertoire - Efficient and Differentiable p-value Calculation for Clustering'
Creators: name: Bauer, Lena
name: Leiber, Collin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Data mining and knowledge discovery

description: This item provides all supplementary material for the paper 'Extension of the Dip-test Repertoire - Efficient and Differentiable p-value Calculation for Clustering' published at the SIAM International Conference on Data Mining (SDM23) April 27 - 29, 2023 Graduate Minneapolis Hotel | Minneapolis, Minnesota, U.S
Invariance Principles for Dependent Processes Indexed by Besov Classes with an Application to a Hausman Test for Linearity
Creators: name: Kuersteiner, Guido M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 60F17

description: This paper considers functional central limit theorems for stationary absolutely regular mixing processes. Bounds for the entropy with bracketing are derived using recent results in Nickl and Pötscher (2007). More specifically, their bracketing metric entropy bounds are extended to a norm defined in Doukhan, Massart and Rio (1995, henceforth DMR) that depends both on the marginal distribution of the process and on the mixing coefficients. Using these bounds, and based on a result in DMR, it is shown that for the class of weighted Besov spaces polynomially decaying tail behavior of the function class is sufficient to obtain a functional central limit theorem under minimal conditions. A second class of functions that allow for a functional central limit theorem under minimal conditions are smooth functions defined on bounded sets. Similarly, a functional CLT for polynomially explosive tail behavior is obtained under additional moment conditions that are easy to check. An application to a Hausman specification test illustrates the theory.
Detecting Damped Lyman-$α$ Absorbers with Gaussian Processes
Creators: name: Garnett, Roman
name: Ho, Shirley
name: Bird, Simeon
name: Schneider, Jeff
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop an automated technique for detecting damped Lyman-$α$ absorbers (DLAs) along spectroscopic lines of sight to quasi-stellar objects (QSOs or quasars). The detection of DLAs in large-scale spectroscopic surveys such as SDSS-III sheds light on galaxy formation at high redshift, showing the nucleation of galaxies from diffuse gas. We use nearly 50 000 QSO spectra to learn a novel tailored Gaussian process model for quasar emission spectra, which we apply to the DLA detection problem via Bayesian model selection. We propose models for identifying an arbitrary number of DLAs along a given line of sight. We demonstrate our method's effectiveness using a large-scale validation experiment, with excellent performance. We also provide a catalog of our results applied to 162 858 spectra from SDSS-III data release 12.
Social information behaviors in the context of chronic kidney disease: Information seeking and disclosure in online support groups
Creators: name: Costello, Kaitlin
Publisher: name: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Graduate School
Year: 2015
Subjects: Medical sciences
Information science
Social sciences--Research

description: People diagnosed with chronic illnesses are increasingly turning to the Internet to search for information about their health. In some cases, these individuals also disclose personal health information. In fact, these two information behaviors are often linked. This is particularly true in online support groups. However, we do not currently understand how and why people diagnosed with chronic diseases undergo these activities – although they are becoming increasingly common as the Internet becomes more ingrained in everyday life. This dissertation uses constructivist grounded theory to examine health information seeking online, personal health information disclosure, and the relationship between these processes. Constructivist grounded theory is an ideal research method for examining phenomena, behaviors, and processes that have not yet been fully explored, as is the case in this study. In this study, twelve participants diagnosed with chronic kidney disease were recruited in three different online support groups for chronic kidney disease. Chronic kidney disease was chosen as the illness context in this study as it is a non-stigmatized, incurable, life-long condition that requires patients to manage their treatment over time. Two telephone interviews were conducted with each participant and their comments to online support groups were collected. Data were collected and analyzed using inductive analysis, the constant comparative method, memoing, and theoretical sampling strategies. Trustworthiness of the analysis was obtained using multiple methods, including peer de-briefing and member checking. A model of information seeking, personal health information disclosure, and similarity assessment in online support groups was derived from the analysis. The model highlights one of the central contributions that this study makes to our current understanding of information behavior: similarity assessment, or the process of finding people who are similar in online support groups both as human sources of information and as people with whom to disclose. The assessment of similarity changes over time as experience and knowledge evolve. The findings presented in this dissertation add to our theoretical understanding of information behavior; they also intersect with theories from other disciplines, including communications and nursing. They also have practical implications for healthcare providers and designers of information systems.
Dirac monopoles with polar-core vortex induced by spin-orbit coupling in spinor Bose-Einstein condensates
Creators: name: Li, Ji
name: Yu, Yan-Mei
name: Zhuang, Lin
name: Liu, Wu-Ming
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report Dirac monopoles with polar-core vortex induced by spin-orbit coupling in ferromagnetic Bose-Einstein condensates, which are attached to two nodal vortex lines along the vertical axis. These monopoles are more stable in the time scale of experiment and can be detected through directly imaging vortex lines. When the strength of spin-orbit coupling increases, Dirac monopoles with vortex can be transformed into those with square lattice. In the presence of spin-orbit coupling, increasing the strength of interaction can induce a cyclic phase transition from Dirac monopoles with polar-core vortex to those with Mermin-Ho vortex. The spin-orbit coupled Bose-Einstein condensates not only provide a new unique platform for investigating exotic monopoles and relevant phase transitions, but also can preserve stable monopoles after a quadrupole field is turned off.
description: 14 psges, 14 figures
MPEC 2023-O58 : 2023 OC1
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2023 OC1

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Weak approxamation of stochastic delay
Creators: name: Lorenz, Robert
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Fakultät II
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: stochastische Differentialgleichungen mit Gedächtnis
subject: schwache Approximation
subject: diskrete Zeitreihen
subject: GARCH-Prozesse
subject: stochastic delay differential equations
subject: weak approximation
subject: discrete time series
subject: GARCH processes
subject: 510 Mathematik
subject: 27 Mathematik

description: Wir betrachten die stochastische Differentialgleichung mit Gedächtnis (SDDE) mit Gedächtnislänge r dX(t) = b(X(u);u in [t-r,t])dt + sigma(X(u);u in [t-r,t])dB(t) mit eindeutiger schwacher Lösung. Dabei ist B eine Brownsche Bewegung, b and sigma sind stetige, lokal beschränkte Funktionen mit Definitionsbereich C[-r,0], und X(u);u in [t-r,t] bezeichnet das Segment der Werte von X(u) für Zeitpunkte u im Intervall [t,t-r]. Unser Ziel ist eine Folge von diskreten Zeitreihen Xh höherer Ordung zu konstruieren, so dass mit h gegen 0 die Zeitreihen Xh schwach gegen die Lösung X der stochastischen Differentialgleichung mit Gedächtnis konvergieren. Desweiteren werden wir Bedingungen angeben, unter denen eine gegeben Folge von Zeitreihen Xh höherer Ordung schwach gegen die Lösung X einer stochastischen Differentialgleichung mit Gedächtnis konvergiert. Als ein Beispiel werden wir den schwachen Grenzwert einer Folge von diskreten GARCH-Prozessen höherer Ordnung ermitteln. Dieser Grenzwert wird sich als schwache Lösung einer stochastischen Differentialgleichung mit Gedächtnis herausstellen.
description: Consider the stochastic delay differential equation (SDDE) with length of memory r dX(t) = b(X(u);u in [t-r,t])dt + sigma(X(u);u in [t-r,t])dB(t), which has a unique weak solution. Here B is a Brownian motion, b and sigma are continuous, locally bounded functions defined on the space C[-r,0], and X(u);u in [t-r,t] denotes the segment of the values of X(u) for time points u in the interval [t,t-r]. Our aim is to construct a sequence of discrete time series Xh of higher order, such that Xh converges weakly to the solution X of the stochastic differential delay equation as h tends to zero. On the other hand we shall establish under which conditions time series Xh of higher order converge weakly to a weak solution X of a stochastic differential delay equation. As an illustration we shall derive a weak limit of a sequence of GARCH processes of higher order. This limit tends out to be the weak solution of a stochastic differential delay equation.
Sub Rosa, a system of quasiperiodic rhombic substitution tilings with n-fold rotational symmetry
Creators: name: Kari, Jarkko
name: Rissanen, Markus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Metric Geometry (math.MG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: math.MG

description: In this paper we prove the existence of quasiperiodic rhombic substitution tilings with 2n-fold rotational symmetry, for any n. The tilings are edge-to-edge and use [n/2] rhombic prototiles with unit length sides. We explicitly describe the substitution rule for the edges of the rhombuses, and prove the existence of the corresponding tile substitutions by proving that the interior can be tiled consistently with the given edge substitutions.
description: 26 pages, 11 figures
Water system breakdown typology and rehabilitation pathways in sub-Saharan Africa
Creators: name: Klug, Victoria
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: One in three handpump water systems in sub-Saharan Africa are non-functional at any given time. To better understand common water system breakdowns, data from Liberia, Nigeria, Tanzania, and Uganda (each N>3600) were used to create a breakdown typology. This typology was used to examine how breakdown type varies by water system and management characteristics. Differences in breakdown type were identified based on water system type, age, management structure, and fee collection methods. To better understand ways that management committees can rehabilitate broken rural water systems, qualitative data from 18 communities in Ghana, Kenya, and Zambia were used to identify hardware and management rehabilitation pathways. These pathways show the specific steps and actors involved in rehabilitating broken water systems and failed water management committees. Communication with accessible technical experts was consistently seen as a reason for rapid rehabilitation. Understanding common breakdowns and rehabilitation pathways can inform programming for water system sustainability.
Unbiased split variable selection for random survival forests using maximally selected rank statistics
Creators: name: Wright, Marvin N.
name: Dankowski, Theresa
name: Ziegler, Andreas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The most popular approach for analyzing survival data is the Cox regression model. The Cox model may, however, be misspecified, and its proportionality assumption may not always be fulfilled. An alternative approach for survival prediction is random forests for survival outcomes. The standard split criterion for random survival forests is the log-rank test statistics, which favors splitting variables with many possible split points. Conditional inference forests avoid this split variable selection bias. However, linear rank statistics are utilized by default in conditional inference forests to select the optimal splitting variable, which cannot detect non-linear effects in the independent variables. An alternative is to use maximally selected rank statistics for the split point selection. As in conditional inference forests, splitting variables are compared on the p-value scale. However, instead of the conditional Monte-Carlo approach used in conditional inference forests, p-value approximations are employed. We describe several p-value approximations and the implementation of the proposed random forest approach. A simulation study demonstrates that unbiased split variable selection is possible. However, there is a trade-off between unbiased split variable selection and runtime. In benchmark studies of prediction performance on simulated and real datasets the new method performs better than random survival forests if informative dichotomous variables are combined with uninformative variables with more categories and better than conditional inference forests if non-linear covariate effects are included. In a runtime comparison the method proves to be computationally faster than both alternatives, if a simple p-value approximation is used.
Armas y letras: Santillana and the Forging of a New Chivalric Ideal
Creators: name: Venere, Sherry Antoinette
Publisher: name: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
Year: 2013

description: The most popular models of behavior for medieval Castilian nobility were heroes like Rodrigo Díaz de Vivar and Fernán González, who join the company of ancient heroes like Aeneas and Alexander, in embodying the Cardinal Virtues, in particular, the ideal of Fortitude. Their narratives made use of the classical topos of sapientia et fortitudo to showcase their expertise as soldiers and commanders. During fifteenth-century Castile, knights were asked to possess more qualities than were comprehended by sapientia et fortitudo and Íñigo López de Mendoza (1398-1458), more commonly known by his title, marqués de Santillana, was chosen as the champion of a new heroic paradigm.
This dissertation examines how Santillana’s interest in letters and learning is used by contemporaries Juan de Mena, Gómez Manrique, and Diego de Burgos to construct a new image of what constitutes an ideal knight and nobleman, the soldier-scholar, in spite of the historical separation of arms and letters. I explore how these poets’ encomia of Santillana combine exemplary citations and the arms and letters topos to introduce the new paradigm of the soldier/scholar much before the likes of Garcilaso de la Vega and Cervantes praised the combination, and why it happened at this juncture in history. In Chapters 1 and 2, I consider the type of knowledge required to make these comparisons, examining the nature of arms and letters and the exemplary figure in ancient and medieval rhetoric, and our poets’ knowledge
of these rhetorical theories. In Chapters 3-5, I discuss each Mena’s La Coronación, Manrique’s El planto de las Virtudes e Poesýa, and Burgos’s El triunfo del Marques de Santillana in light of the shifting appreciation of knightly letters in early-fifteenth century, Santillana’s efforts in arms and letters, and the poets’ efforts to legitimize their own positions. Despite the intentions of these poets, tensions still existed in medieval society around the figure of the knight, and we may conclude that while Santillana anticipates the new exemplary ideal through his own military and scholarly achievements, he is merely a very early example whose exemplary status is thwarted by the lukewarm reception of the Castilian nobility.
MPEC 2023-O59 : 2023 OD1
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2023 OD1

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Quivers and moduli spaces of pointed curves of genus zero
Creators: name: Blume, Mark
name: Hille, Lutz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We construct moduli spaces of representations of quivers over arbitrary schemes and show how moduli spaces of pointed curves of genus zero like the Grothendieck-Knudsen moduli spaces $\overline{M}_{0,n}$ and the Losev-Manin moduli spaces $\overline{L}_n$ can be interpreted as inverse limits of moduli spaces of representations of certain bipartite quivers. We also investigate the case of more general Hassett moduli spaces $\overline{M}_{0,a}$ of weighted pointed stable curves of genus zero.
description: 41 pages