Sakencyrtus mirus Hayat: Noyes & Hayat 1984
Creators: name: Usman, Syeda Uzma
name: Zeya, Shahid Bin
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Encyrtidae
Sakencyrtus
Sakencyrtus mirus

description: Sakencyrtus mirus Hayat
(Figures 1–17)
Sakencyrtus mirus Hayat, 1981: 28. Female. Holotype female, India, Aligarh (BMNH), not examined.
Sakencyrtus mirus Hayat: Noyes & Hayat, 1984: 336, taxonomy. Hayat, 2006: 217, catalogue, figures. Hayat & Singh, 2000a: 7, ♀, ♂, Assam, record. Hayat & Singh, 2000b: 8, ♀, Odisha, record. Hayat & F. R. Khan, 2008, ♀, brachypterous, West Bengal, record. Manickavasagam & Rameshkumar, 2011a: 111, ♀, Kerala, record. Manickavasagam & Rameshkumar, 2011b: 406, ♀, Tamil Nadu, record. Hayat et al., 2013: 274, Karnataka, Tamil Nadu, record.
Female (brachypterous) (redescription). Length 1.14–1.6 mm (Fig. 1). Head yellow with brown suffusion. Antenna dark brown except radicle and scape, yellow; apex of scape dark brown. Mesosoma with pronotum yellow to brown; mesoscutum largely yellow, sides with dark brown suffusion; scutellum yellow; propodeum yellow with brownish tinge, mesopleuron yellow with apical margin tinged brown. Forewing hyaline, slightly infuscated at apex, behind parastigma and at coastal cell (Fig. 9). Legs, including coxae, yellow. Metasoma in basal third yellow to brown, with sides dark brown, the remainder dark brown to black as in Figure 12; ventrally pale white in basal one-third or so.
Head (Fig. 3), in frontal view, 1.05–1.14× as broad as high; frontovertex (Fig. 4) width 0.34–0.42× head width at the level of anterior ocellus, with alutaceous sculpture; eye height 3.5–2.72× as long as malar space. Maxillary palp 4-segmented, labial palp 3-segmented. Antenna (Fig. 5) with scape long and slender, broader near base,4.16– 4.8× as long as broad; pedicel 1.75× as long as broad, distinctly longer than all funicular segments individually; all funicular segments transverse; clava (Fig. 6) 3-segmented and obliquely truncate, slightly longer than F4–F6 combined. Relative measurements (from slide, at 100×): head frontal height (width), 39–41 (41–47); frontovertex width, 10–15; (from card, at 60×): POL, 5–6; OOL, 1–2; OCL, 1–1.5; AOL, 2–3; (from slide, at 100×): eye height, 30–39; malar space, 11; mouth fossa width, 12–13; torulus length (diameter), 3–5 (3.5–4.5); inter-torular distance, 7; antennal segments length (width): scape, 24– 30 (5–7); pedicel, 7 (4); F1, 3– 4 (4–6); F2, 4– 5 (6–8); F3, 3– 4 (7–9); F4, 3 (7–9); F5, 2.5– 3 (7–9); F6, 2– 3 (7–9); clava, 16–18 (7–8.5).
Mesosoma (Fig. 12). Pronotum long, 0.18–0.26× mesoscutum length. Mesoscutum saddle-shaped, 1.3–1.5× as broad as long; mesoscutum (Figs 12, 13) and axillae with polygonal reticulate sculpture; scutellum (Fig. 14) subequal in length to mesoscutum with elongate reticulate sculpture; propodeum 0.68–0.75× scutellum length. Forewing (Fig. 9) 4.5–5.6× as long as broad and hindwing (Fig. 11) 4.5–5.3× as long as broad, with pointed apex. Mid tibia 4–5.7× as long as mid basitarsus, mid tibial spur 0.6–0.7× mid basitarsus. Relative measurements (from slide, at 100×): mesosoma length, 56–71; pronotum length (width), 4–6 (26–31); mesoscutum length (width), 19– 23 (29–35); scutellum length (width), 18–24 (11–15); propodeum median length, 13–18; forewing length (width), 34–45 (6–10); hindwing length (width), 16–18 (3–4); mid tibia length, 37–46; mid basitarsus length, 7–10; mid tibial spur length, 5–6.
Metasoma (Fig. 12). Metasoma subequal to mesosoma; ovipositor, 0.78–0.86× mid tibia length, not exserted beyond apex of gaster (Fig. 12); paratergites distinct but thin; hypopygium prominent. Relative measurements (from slide, at 100×): metasoma length, 59–76; TVII length, 20–23; TVII (width) (between cercal plates), 14–16; ovipositor length, 32–36; third valvula, 3–6.
Female (macropterous). Length 1.20 mm (Fig. 2). Body colour same as in brachypterous forms except forewing (Fig. 7) hyaline with a large infuscated patch in middle and a small brown patch below submarginal vein.
Head 1.09× broader than high, frontovertex width 0.38× head width at the level of anterior ocellus; frontovertex setose with polygonal reticulate sculptures. Maxillary palp 4- segmented, labial palp 3-segmented. Mandible tridentate. Antenna with scape subcylindrical, broader near base, about 4.5× as long as broad; pedicle 1.75× as long as broad, distinctly longer than all funicular segments individually; F6 the shortest; funicular segments all broader than long; clava 3-segmented, truncation 0.41× of ventral margin; clava 2.25× as long as broad. Relative measurements (from slide, at 100×): head frontal height (width), 43 (47); frontovertex width, 18; POL, 5; OOL, 2; OCL, 1; AOL, 2.5; mouth fossa width, 12; torulus length (diameter), 3 (4); inter-torular distance, 7; eye height, 34; malar space, 11; antennal scape length (width), 27 (6); pedicel length (width), 7 (4); F1 length (width), 4 (5); F2 length (width), 5 (7); F3 length (width), 4 (8); F4 length (width), 3 (9); F5 length (width), 3 (8); F6 length (width), 2.5 (8); clava length (width), 18 (8).
Mesosoma. Pronotum 0.17× mesoscutum length. Mesoscutum 1.34× as broad as long, setation and reticulations as in brachypterous form; propodeum 0.71× scutellum length. Forewing (Fig.7) 3.25× as long as broad, with bare area behind stigmal vein and parastigma; hindwing (Fig. 10) 3.8× as long as broad with apex blunt. Mid tibia 4.2× as long as mid basitarsus, mid tibial spur 0.6× mid basitarsus. Relative measurements (from slide, at 100×): Mesosoma length, 63; pronotum length (width), 4 (29); mesoscutum length (width), 23 (31); scutellum length (width), 21 (15); propodeum median length, 15; forewing length (width), 91 (28); hindwing length (width), 71 (15); marginal fringe, 4; mid tibia length, 42; mid basitarsus length, 10; mid tibial spur length, 6.
Metasoma. Metasoma shorter than mesosoma; ovipositor slightly exserted beyond apex of gaster, 0.85× mid tibia length. Relative measurements (from slide, at 100×): metasoma length, 62; TVII length, 23; TVII width (measured between cercal plates), 24; ovipositor length, 36; third valvula, 4.
Male (brachypterous). Length 0.96 mm (Fig. 15). Body colour same as in female except as follows: antenna brown except scape and pedicel dorsally dark brown; propodeum brown; legs including coxae largely yellow; mid femur pale yellow with brown tinge, tibia pale yellow with apex white; hind femur pale white ventrally, dark brown dorsally; hind tibia brown to dark brown with apex white; tarsi of all legs pale white to pale yellow.
Head with frontovertex width 0.5× head width at the level of anterior ocellus. Antenna (Fig.16) with scape slender, 3.2× as long as broad; pedicel 1.66× as long as broad, distinctly shorter than all flagellar segments individually; flagellar segments all longer than broad. Relative measurements (from card, at 60×): head frontal width, 20; frontovertex width, 10; (from slide, at 100×): antennal scape length (width), 16 (5); pedicel length (width), 5 (3); F1 length (width), 10 (2); F2 length (width), 11 (2.5); F3 length (width), 12 (2); F4 length (width), 12.5 (2); F5 length (width), 12.5 (2); F6 length (width), 13 (2.5); clava length (width), 19 (3).
Mesosoma. Mesocutum 0.85× scutellum length (12:14). Forewing 3.8× as long as broad. Mid tibia 4.2× as long as mid basitarsus, mid tibial spur 1.2× mid basitarsus. Relative measurements (from card, at 60×): forewing length (width), 19 (5); mid tibia length, 38; mid basitarsus length, 9; mid tibial spur length, 11.
Metasoma. Metasoma 0.76× mesosoma length (23:30); genitalia (Fig. 17) with phallobase 0.47× mid tibia length. Relative measurements (from slide, at 100×): phallobase length, 18.
Type material examined. Paratypes, 9 ♀. 1 ♀ (on card, antenna on slide, slide No. EH.427), INDIA: UTTAR PRADESH: Aligarh, 2.x.1979, Coll. M. Hayat; 1 ♀ (on card), 18.xi.1979, Coll. M. Hayat; 2 ♀ (on card), 13.xii.1979, Coll. Hayat & Verma; 1 ♀ (on card), 10.x.1979, Coll. M. Verma; 2 ♀ (on card), 8.xi.1979, Coll. Hayat & Verma; 1 ♀ (on slide), 25.xi.1979, Coll. M. Verma; 1 ♀ (on slide), 20.x.1979, Coll. M. Hayat. (ZDAMU, registration No. HYM. CH.204).
Material examined (ZDAMU Collection). Brachypterous: INDIA: UTTAR PRADESH: Aligarh, 1 ♀, 12.iii. 1981, Coll. M. Hayat. WEST BENGAL: Islampur, Tinpool, 2 ♀, 6.vi. 2008, Coll. F.R. Khan. ASSAM: Halflong, 6 ♀, 2 ♂, 17.vi. 1988, Coll, S. Singh. ORISSA [= ODISHA], Puri, Sakigopal, 1 ♀ (on slide, EH. 972, macropterous form), 19.ii.1994, Coll. S.I. Kazmi.
Additional material examined. INDIA: KARNATAKA: Bengaluru, Hessaraghatta, Fisheries Division, 3 ♀ (on cards), 18.iii.2014 (YPT); 3 ♀ (two on cards and one macropterous form on slide under 4 coverslips, slide No. EH.2242), 26.iii.2014 (YPT); 1 ♀ (on slide under 4 coverslips) 26.iii.2014 (YPT); 2 ♀ (on cards), 27.iii.2014 (YPT); 2 ♀ (on cards), 28.iii.2014 (YPT), Coll. K. Veenakumari; 2 ♀ (one female on card and other on slide under 4 coverslips, slide No. EH.2243), Bengaluru, Attur, 2.vii.2012 (YPT); 1 ♀ (on card), 1.iv.2013 (YPT), Coll. K. Veenakumari; 1 ♀ (on card) Bengaluru, J. Kaval, 21.xi.2013 (MT), Coll. K. Veenakumari; 1 ♀ (on card) Chikkabalapur, Nandi Hills, 2.i.2014 (YPT); 1 ♀ (on slide under 4 coverslips, slide No. EH.2244), 14.vii.2014 (YPT), Coll. K. Veenakumari; 1 ♀ (on card) Mysore, Somnathpur, 30.i.2013, Coll. K. Veenakumari. TAMIL NADU: Krishnagiri, Hosur, Uddanapalli, 1 ♀ (on card) (ex Diaspidids on Acacia); 1 ♀ (on cards, macropterous form) 8.xii.2014 (MT), Coll. K. Veenakumari. (10 females in NBAIR; 11 females in ZDAMU)
Host. [?] ex Diaspidids on Acacia.
Distribution. India: Assam, Karnataka, Kerala, Odisha, Tamil Nadu, Uttar Pradesh, West Bengal.
Comments. The forewing of a macropterous form of S. mirus was illustrated by Hayat (2006: Fig. 1355) but this form was never described. Similarly the males of S. mirus were recorded by Hayat & Singh (2000a) but were not described. Hence, both the macropterous and the males are described here.
description: Published as part of Usman, Syeda Uzma & Zeya, Shahid Bin, 2018, The genus Sakencyrtus Hayat (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea: Encyrtidae) from India with description of a new species, pp. 357-371 in Zootaxa 4527 (3) on pages 358-360, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4527.3.5, http://zenodo.org/record/2612310