cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: Social institutions in Ceylon from the 5th century B.C. to the 4th century A.D.
Creators: name: Ellawala, Hemarama
Publisher: name: SOAS University of London
Year: 1962

description: This thesis attempts to analyse the Social Institutions of Early Ceylon from the 5th century B.C. to the 4th century A. D. In the first chapter, new light is thrown on the dating of the Sihalavatthuppakarapa, not attempted by earlier scholars (pp. 10-16). The theory of the existence of the Brahmapa caste (pp. 33-38), the interpretation of the word Pa take (pp.38-42) occurring in the inscriptions, the theory that prior to Devanampiya Tissa there was in Ceylon a Ksatriya caste and an Abhiseka ceremony, the existence of which was doubted by the earlier scholars in this field (pp. 47-68), are the most original features of the 2nd chapter. Chapter III contains a discussion on the Vaisya caste (pp.73-75). In this, will be found evidence of an embryonic form of the later division of the Sangha into caste groups (pp. 75-78), new interpretations of the words Devakula (pp. 78-83), and Bata (pp. 101-106), new light on- the origin of the Lambakagaa dynasty (pp. 83-93) and a study of the use of the honorific title Devansmpiya by ordinary people (pp. 119-121) This also attempts to answer the question why Asoka had two of his children by his Vaisya queen ordained into the Sangha (pp. 80-82). Chapter IV deals with the sudra caste and the despised classes (pp. 141-186), in the discussion of which I have given a new interpretation (pp. 181-182) to the words Pukkusa and Pupphachaddaka, the meanings of which have been disputed often. Chapter V contains a discussion on family organisation. It shows that there was the joint family system in Ceylon (pp. 200-202) and that succession from brother to brother was preferred to that from father to son (pp. 232-249). Chapter VI attempts to analyse how far early settlements of Ceylon came into existence on a communal basis (pp. 257-314). It also attempts to throw new light on the interpretation of the word Nagaraguttika (pp.305-307). Chapter VII deals with various occupations and the development of new castes on an occupational basis, (pp.315-371). In the last chapter, the effect of Buddhism on society is discussed. I have argued here the possibilities of the existence of the worship of Ganapati in Ceylon even before it was known in India (pp. 380-382), and in conclusion it considers how far the Ceylon caste system differed from that of India towards the end of the period under review.
In vivo assessment of pulmonary fibrosis and edema in rodents using the backscatter coefficient and envelope statisticsa)
Creators: name: Lye, Theresa H.
name: Muller, Marie
name: Montgomery, Stephanie A.
name: Roshankhah, Roshan
name: Mamou, Jonathan
name: Egan, Thomas M.
name: Karbalaeisadegh, Yasamin
Publisher: name: Acoustical Society of America (ASA)
Year: 2021

description:
Quantitative ultrasound methods based on the backscatter coefficient (BSC) and envelope statistics have been used to quantify disease in a wide variety of tissues, such as prostate, lymph nodes, breast, and thyroid. However, to date, these methods have not been investigated in the lung. In this study, lung properties were quantified by BSC and envelope statistical parameters in normal, fibrotic, and edematous rat lungs in vivo. The average and standard deviation of each parameter were calculated for each lung as well as the evolution of each parameter with acoustic propagation time within the lung. The transport mean free path and backscattered frequency shift, two parameters that have been successfully used to assess pulmonary fibrosis and edema in prior work, were evaluated in combination with the BSC and envelope statistical parameters. Multiple BSC and envelope statistical parameters were found to provide contrast between control and diseased lungs. BSC and envelope statistical parameters were also significantly correlated with fibrosis severity using the modified Ashcroft fibrosis score as the histological gold standard. These results demonstrate the potential for BSC and envelope statistical parameters to improve the diagnosis of pulmonary fibrosis and edema as well as monitor pulmonary fibrosis.
SLP_Appendices_D.ID – Supplemental material for Speech-Language Pathologists’ Perceptions of Pre-Service Knowledge and Skill Training in Early Intervention
Creators: name: Caesar, Lena G.
Publisher: name: SAGE Journals
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Education
subject: 200399 Language Studies not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Languages and literature
subject: 130312 Special Education and Disability
subject: FOS: Educational sciences

description: Supplemental material, SLP_Appendices_D.ID for Speech-Language Pathologists’ Perceptions of Pre-Service Knowledge and Skill Training in Early Intervention by Lena G. Caesar in Communication Disorders Quarterly
Bellet_Open_Practices_Disclosure – Supplemental material for Self-Triggering? An Exploration of Individuals Who Seek Reminders of Trauma
Creators: name: Bellet, Benjamin W.
name: Jones, Payton J.
name: McNally, Richard J.
Publisher: name: SAGE Journals
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 170199 Psychology not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: Supplemental material, Bellet_Open_Practices_Disclosure for Self-Triggering? An Exploration of Individuals Who Seek Reminders of Trauma by Benjamin W. Bellet, Payton J. Jones and Richard J. McNally in Clinical Psychological Science
Digital detox: An effective solution in the smartphone era? A systematic literature review
Creators: name: Radtke, Theda
name: Apel, Theresa
name: Schenkel, Konstantin
name: Keller, Jan
name: Lindern, Eike Von
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mobile
subject: disconnect
subject: micro break
subject: timeout
subject: abstinence
subject: unplug
subject: 100 Philosophie und Psychologie::150 Psychologie::150 Psychologie

description: Smartphone use, e.g., on social network sites or instant messaging, can impair well-being and is related to clinical phenomena, like depression. Digital detox interventions have been suggested as a solution to reduce negative impacts from smartphone use on outcomes like well-being or social relationships. Digital detox is defined as timeouts from using electronic devices (e.g., smartphones), either completely or for specific subsets of smartphone use. However, until now, it has been unclear whether digital detox interventions are effective at promoting a healthy way of life in the digital era. This systematic literature review aimed to answer the question of whether digital detox interventions are effective at improving outcomes like health and well-being, social relationships, self-control or performance. Systematic searches of seven databases were carried out according to PRISMA guidelines, and intervention studies were extracted that examined timeouts from smartphone use and/or smartphone-related use of social network sites and instant messaging. The review yielded k = 21 extracted studies (total N = 3,625 participants). The studies included interventions in the field, from which 12 were identified as randomized controlled trials. The results showed that the effects from digital detox interventions varied across studies on health and well-being, social relationships, self-control, or performance. For example, some studies found positive intervention effects, whereas others found no effect or even negative consequences for well-being. Reasons for these mixed findings are discussed. Research is needed to examine mechanisms of change to derive implications for the development of successful digital detox interventions.
title: Some aspects of Indian society as depicted in the Pali Canon.
Creators: name: Wagle, Narendra Kashinath
Publisher: name: SOAS University of London
Year: 1962

description: We are concerned in this study firstly with the ascertainment of the kinship system as it existed in north Indian society at the time of the composition of the earlier strata of the Pali Canon. In the first chapter we have discussed the sources and outlined the use of anthropological technique in the study of history. The second chapter deals with settlement patterns as denoted by terms such as gama, nigama, nagara, janapada, and points out their relative significance. Some of the ruling extended kin-groups have been studied in relation to their residence. In the third chapter we have studied social stratification after making an analysis of terms of address and reference and face-to-face behaviour; our conclusions are derived from the tabulated data which has been added as an appendix. In the next chapter we examine the pattern of economic life and the role of the gahapati therein. The conclusion contains a summary of the main results of our enquiry.
On Vessel Location Forecasting and the Effect of Federated Learning
Creators: name: Tritsarolis, Andreas
name: Pelekis, Nikos
name: Bereta, Konstantina
name: Zissis, Dimitris
name: Theodoridis, Yannis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The wide spread of Automatic Identification System (AIS) has motivated several maritime analytics operations. Vessel Location Forecasting (VLF) is one of the most critical operations for maritime awareness. However, accurate VLF is a challenging problem due to the complexity and dynamic nature of maritime traffic conditions. Furthermore, as privacy concerns and restrictions have grown, training data has become increasingly fragmented, resulting in dispersed databases of several isolated data silos among different organizations, which in turn decreases the quality of learning models. In this paper, we propose an efficient VLF solution based on LSTM neural networks, in two variants, namely Nautilus and FedNautilus for the centralized and the federated learning approach, respectively. We also demonstrate the superiority of the centralized approach with respect to current state of the art and discuss the advantages and disadvantages of the federated against the centralized approach.
title: English law in West Africa: The limits of its application.
Creators: name: Daniels, William C.E.
Publisher: name: SOAS University of London
Year: 1962

description: Many people know that English law has been received in the four countries of West Africa, namely. The Gambia, Sierra Leone, Ghana and Nigeria; but few people realise that English law applies in West Africa "so far only as the limits of the local jurisdiction and local circumstances permit and subject to any existing or future local Ordinance". The object of this thesis, therefore, is to show the limits placed on the application of English law in West Africa. It is divided into four train parts. Part One deals with the evolution of the judicial systems which are modelled on the English pattern. A separate chapter gives a synopsis of the present judicial systems. Part Two is devoted to the general principles governing the reception of English law in the former British colonies with special reference to West Africa. English law comprises the common law, the doctrines of Equity and statutes. Succeeding chapters deal with the reception of each of the three elements of English law in West Africa. Part Three relates to the application of the common law of England in West Africa and the condition of its applicability. Some distinctive features of the common law, for example, judicial precedents, the jury system, prerogative writs, the independence of the judges, contract, tort and criminal law are discussed. Part Four deals with the influence of equity both on the general law and on the application of customary laws in West Africa. Part Five relates to the application of English statutes of general application, some of which are deemed to be in force in West Africa depending on the date of the reception of English law. The common law of West Africa can, therefore, be defined as embracing the three elements of English law and the local modifications made on their application.
Automated Video-Based Analysis Framework for Behavior Monitoring of Individual Animals in Zoos Using Deep Learning - A Study on Polar Bears
Creators: name: Zuerl, Matthias
name: Stoll, Philip
name: Brehm, Ingrid
name: Raab, René
name: Zanca, Dario
name: Kabri, Samira
name: Happold, Johanna
name: Nille, Heiko
name: Prechtel, Katharina
name: Wuensch, Sophie
name: Krause, Marie
name: Seegerer, Stefan
name: Fersen, Lorenzo Von
name: Eskofier, Bjoern
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: animal welfare
subject: animal behavior
subject: deep learning
subject: object detection
subject: animal monitoring
subject: behavior observation
subject: Ursus maritimus
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie
subject: 000 Informatik, Informationswissenschaft, allgemeine Werke::000 Informatik, Wissen, Systeme::004 Datenverarbeitung; Informatik

description: The monitoring of animals under human care is a crucial tool for biologists and zookeepers to keep track of the animals’ physical and psychological health. Additionally, it enables the analysis of observed behavioral changes and helps to unravel underlying reasons. Enhancing our understanding of animals ensures and improves ex situ animal welfare as well as in situ conservation. However, traditional observation methods are time- and labor-intensive, as they require experts to observe the animals on-site during long and repeated sessions and manually score their behavior. Therefore, the development of automated observation systems would greatly benefit researchers and practitioners in this domain. We propose an automated framework for basic behavior monitoring of individual animals under human care. Raw video data are processed to continuously determine the position of the individuals within the enclosure. The trajectories describing their travel patterns are presented, along with fundamental analysis, through a graphical user interface (GUI). We evaluate the performance of the framework on captive polar bears (Ursus maritimus). We show that the framework can localize and identify individual polar bears with an F1 score of 86.4%. The localization accuracy of the framework is 19.9±7.6 cm, outperforming current manual observation methods. Furthermore, we provide a bounding-box-labeled dataset of the two polar bears housed in Nuremberg Zoo.
title: A critical edition of "al-Hasir li Fawa'id al-Muqaddima li Tahir" by Imad al-Islam Yahya Ibn Hamza 669-750 AH.
Creators: name: Abdul-Rahman, Muhammad
Publisher: name: SOAS University of London
Year: 1995

description: I wish to begin by paying tribute to the figure of cImad al-Din Yahya Ibn Hamz, the renowned Zaidi scholar and Imam (669-750AH). He greatly enriched the canon of Islamic studies with his output, in particular with his major work on Arabic grammar entitled al-Hasir li Fawa' id al-Muqaddima li Tahir, which constitutes the subject of this thesis. Al-Hasir li Fawa'id al-Muqaddima li Tahir is, in effect, an extensive commentary on the short grammatical treatise of al-Muqaddima al-Muhsiba (or al-Muqaddima al-Nahwiyya) by the Egyptian grammarian Ibn Babshadh Tahir Ibn Ahmad al-Jauhari (d. 469AH). The commentary amounts to a detailed analysis of Ibn Babshadh's text providing an exhaustive and original treatment of most major aspects of Arabic grammar. I have divided the thesis into two parts. Part one, a study, consists of eight chapters. In the first chapter I discuss the Arabic manuscripts of al-Hasir, six copies of which I managed to obtain from various Islamic and Western institutions, as well as the method I followed in editing the text. In Chapter two I introduce the figure of the Imam Yahya, provide a short biography covering his childhood, education and his writing, and discuss his milieu from a political, social and cultural perspective including a comment on the origin of the Zaidi state in al-Yaman and the Rasulid dynasty there under which the Imam Yahya lived. In Chapter three I give a brief history of Arabic grammar and its development up to the time of al-Imam Yahya. In Chapter four I offer a short biography of Ibn Babshadh and his works, especially his principal work al-Muqaddima al-Muhsiba and its commentary Sharh al-Muqaddima al-Muhsiba the subject of Imam Yahya's revision under the title of al-Hasir, and cover also the major commentaries written on al-Muqaddima produced by the celebrated grammarian of the period under discussion. In Chapter five I discuss the Imam Yahya's orientation in Arabic grammar and his position with respect to the traditional grammatical school's (Basran, Kufan and Baghdadi). In Chapter six I discuss the subject and method in al-Hdsir. In Chapter seven I discuss the importance of the shawahid in Arabic grammar, as a source of the Imam Yahya's work in al-Hasir derived from the Qur'an, the Hadith, ancient Arabic poetry and prose, as well as shawahid by analogy. Chapter eight deals with the significance of al-Hasir as a work of Arabic grammar and presentation comparing with the work of al-Zamakhshari's al-Mufassal and the Shark al-Muqaddima al-Muhsiba by Ibn Babshadh. The second part of the thesis covers the Arabic edition of al-Hasir. It is based upon the oldest available manuscript and supplied with a full critical apparatus.
title: Self and identity in a "colonia popular" of Guadalajara, Mexico.
Creators: name: Napolitano, Valentina
Publisher: name: SOAS University of London
Year: 1995

description: This thesis addresses issues about the domain of identity in an urban colonia popular of Guadalajara, Mexico, with a particular focus on the Theology of Liberation evangelization proposed in its parishes. The thesis raises questions about the way in which self and identity can be anthropologically analyzed in such a context, and it discusses the relevance of this type of focus in the present scenario of urban Mexican anthropological Investigation. Micro and macro structural approaches are brought together to analyze self and Identity in the process of migration, in religious, medical, ritual and gender fields and to show how these fields are interconnected. Self and identity are analyzed as processes which arise in language and social interaction rather than as 'inner' essences or collective psychological traits. These processes, albeit complex, point to a common thread: an oscillation, pluralism and coexistence rather than a linear evolution between 'traditional' and 'new' elements. The definition and creation of these elements is contextualized in particular sets of power relations among family kin, and the creation of knowledge between clergy and laymen, and medical 'experts' and patients. These elements are also contextualized in representations of past and present experience in rural and urban places expressed through metaphors of space and time. From this analysis it emerges that self and identity embrace - to different degrees - issues of belonging, performative experience, connectedness, moral continuity and interdependence rather than autonomy, self-sufficiency and self-introspection.
Remotely sensed effectiveness assessments of protected areas lack a common framework: A review
Creators: name: Gohr, Charlotte
name: Wehrden, Henrik Von
name: May, Felix
name: Ibisch, Pierre L.
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: effectiveness
subject: protected areas
subject: remote sensing
subject: socio-ecological indicators
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie

description: Effective protected areas reflect socio-ecological values, such as biodiversity and habitat maintenance, as well as human well-being. These values, which safeguard ecosystem services in protected areas, are treated as models for the sustainable preservation and use of resources. While there is much research on the effectiveness of protected areas in a variety of disciplines, the question is whether there is a common framework that uses remote sensing methods. We conducted a qualitative and a quantitative analysis of 44 peer-reviewed scientific papers utilizing remote sensing data in order to examine the effectiveness of protected areas. Very few studies to date have a wide or even a global geographical focus; instead, most quantify the effectiveness of protected areas by focusing on local-scale case studies and single indicators such as forest cover change. Methods that help integrate spatial selection approaches, to compare a protected area's characteristics with its surroundings, are increasingly being used. Based on this review, we argue for a multi-indicator-based framework on protected area effectiveness, including the development of a consistent set of socio-ecological indicators for a global analysis. In turn, this will allow for globally applicable use, including a concrete evaluation that considers the diversity of regional parameters, biome-specific variables, and political frameworks. Ideally, such a framework will enhance the monitoring and evaluation of global strategies and conventions.
title: An Indian cloth painting and its art worlds: Perceptions of Orissan patta paintings.
Creators: name: Bundgaard, Helle
Publisher: name: SOAS University of London
Year: 1994

description: This study examines how a particular kind of Indian painting comes to have value. The focus of analysis is on the social life of paintings rather than the purely aesthetic. This is explored through a detailed examination of perceptions of the paintings amongst producers, consumers and art critics. The study is an attempt to apply the sociological institutional theory of art on Orissan patta paintings by developing the sociological approach into what I consider to be an anthropological approach. The Orissan patta paintings, with which the study is concerned, are circulated not only within India but also abroad and thus move through different cultural milieus. Following Arjun Appadurai (1986) pattas can be said to have a social life, whose value and meaning change through time and place (1986). The paintings are located in several value systems. These systems will often meet in the very transaction which moves a painting from one sphere to another. One of the central questions raised in the thesis is how particular kind of paintings come to have value and whether they are endowed with different layers of value. The model I have developed is of an art world consisting of interpenetrating layers with different semantic registers. The differences in evaluation and interpretation of the paintings at different points in their "social life" lead me to argue that the layers have the character of separate yet interacting worlds.
On the Reachability and Controllability of Temporal Continuous-Time Linear Networks: A Generic Analysis
Creators: name: Zhang, Yuan
name: Xia, Yuanqing
name: Wang, Long
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Temporal networks are a class of time-varying networks, which change their topology according to a given time-ordered sequence of static networks (known as subsystems). This paper investigates the reachability and controllability of temporal continuous-time linear networks from a generic viewpoint, where only the zero-nonzero patterns of subsystem matrices are known. We demonstrate that the reachability and controllability on a single temporal sequence are generic properties with respect to the parameters of subsystem matrices and the time durations of subsystems. We then give explicit expressions for the minimal subspace that contains the reachable set across all possible temporal sequences (called overall reachable set). It is found that verifying the structural reachability/controllability and structural overall reachability are at least as hard as the structural target controllability verification problem of a single system, implying that finding verifiable conditions for them is hard. Graph-theoretic lower and upper bounds are provided for the generic dimensions of the reachable subspace on a single temporal sequence and of the minimal subspace that contains the overall reachable set. These bounds extend classical concepts in structured system theory, including the dynamic graph and the cactus, to temporal networks, and can be efficiently calculated using graph-theoretic algorithms. Finally, applications of the results to the structural controllability of switched linear systems are discussed.
description: 17 pages, 4 figures; fix some typos
Studies of an Iron-based, Symmetric, Non-aqueous Redox Flow Battery
Creators: name: BLESCH, THOMAS
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 30604 Electrochemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 91305 Energy Generation, Conversion and Storage Engineering
subject: FOS: Mechanical engineering

description: Redox Flow Batteries (RFBs) are considered an appealing alternative to lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) for large-scale, long-duration storage of renewable energy. A system based on earth-abundant iron as a complex with cheap commodity chemicals in organic solvents was studied, showing high efficiency in a lab-scale prototype.
Computing Elastic Tensors of Amorphous Materials from First-Principles
Creators: name: Pashartis, C.
name: van Setten, M. J.
name: Houssa, M.
name: Pourtois, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Advancements in modern semiconductor devices increasingly depend on the utilization of amorphous materials and the reduction of material thickness, pushing the boundaries of their physical capabilities. The mechanical properties of these thin layers are critical in determining both the operational efficacy and mechanical integrity of these devices. Unlike bulk crystalline materials, whose calculation techniques are well-established, amorphous materials present a challenge due to the significant variation in atomic topology and their non-affine transformations under external strain. This study introduces a novel method for computing the elastic tensor of amorphous materials, applicable to both bulk and ultra-thin films in the linear elastic regime using Density Functional Theory. We exemplify this method with a-SiO2, a commonly used dielectric. Our approach accounts for the structural disorder inherent in amorphous systems, which, while contributing to remarkable material properties, complicates traditional elastic tensor computation. We propose a solution involving the inability of atomic positions to relax under internal relaxation, near the boundaries of the computational unit cell, ensuring the affine transformations necessary for linear elasticity. This method's efficacy is demonstrated through its alignment with classical Young's modulus measurements, and has potential for broad application in fields such as Technology Computer Aided Design and stress analysis via Raman spectra. The revised technique for assessing the mechanical properties of amorphous materials opens new avenues for exploring their impact on device reliability and functionality.
Supplemental_Material_for_Optimization_of_HTS_for_IL-23_by_Varghese,_et_al_revise_SLAS_1 – Supplemental material for Optimization of a High-Throughput Cell-Based Screening Strategy to Identify Small-Molecule Inhibitors of IL-23 Signaling
Creators: name: Varghese, Teena M.
name: Dudas, Paul L.
name: Allen, Samantha J.
name: Schneeweis, Jonathan E.
name: Finley, Michael F. A.
Publisher: name: SAGE Journals
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 111599 Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Supplemental material, Supplemental_Material_for_Optimization_of_HTS_for_IL-23_by_Varghese,_et_al_revise_SLAS_1 for Optimization of a High-Throughput Cell-Based Screening Strategy to Identify Small-Molecule Inhibitors of IL-23 Signaling by Teena M. Varghese, Paul L. Dudas, Samantha J. Allen, Jonathan E. Schneeweis and Michael F. A. Finley in SLAS Discovery
Supplemental_Material_for_Advanced_High-Throughput_Imaging_Applications_of_Clonogenicity_in_Cancer_by_Esquer_et_al - Advanced High-Content-Screening Applications of Clonogenicity in Cancer
Creators: name: Esquer, Hector
name: Zhou, Qiong
name: Abraham, Adedoyin D.
name: LaBarbera, Daniel V.
Publisher: name: SAGE Journals
Year: 2020
Subjects: Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Supplemental_Material_for_Advanced_High-Throughput_Imaging_Applications_of_Clonogenicity_in_Cancer_by_Esquer_et_al for Advanced High-Content-Screening Applications of Clonogenicity in Cancer by Hector Esquer, Qiong Zhou, Adedoyin D. Abraham and Daniel V. LaBarbera in SLAS Discovery
Modeling gravimetric signatures of third-degree ocean tides and their detection in superconducting gravimeter records
Creators: name: Sulzbach, Roman
name: Wziontek, Hartmut
name: Hart-Davis, Michael
name: Dobslaw, Henryk
name: Scherneck, Hans-Georg
name: Camp, Michel Van
name: Dahl Omang, Ove Christian
name: Antokoletz, Ezequiel D.
name: Voigt, Christian
name: Thomas, Maik
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Tidal modeling
subject: Degree-3 tides
subject: Superconducting gravimetry
subject: Tide gauge data
subject: Tidal analysis
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::550 Geowissenschaften, Geologie::550 Geowissenschaften

description: We employ the barotropic, data-unconstrained ocean tide model TiME to derive an atlas for degree-3 tidal constituents including monthly to terdiurnal tidal species. The model is optimized with respect to the tide gauge data set TICON-td that is extended to include the respective tidal constituents of diurnal and higher frequencies. The tide gauge validation shows a root-mean-square (RMS) deviation of 0.9–1.3 mm for the individual species. We further model the load tide-induced gravimetric signals by two means (1) a global load Love number approach and (2) evaluating Greens-integrals at 16 selected locations of superconducting gravimeters. The RMS deviation between the amplitudes derived using both methods is below 0.5 nGal (1 nGal =0.01nms2) when excluding near-coastal gravimeters. Utilizing ETERNA-x, a recently upgraded and reworked tidal analysis software, we additionally derive degree-3 gravimetric tidal constituents for these stations, based on a hypothesis-free wave grouping approach. We demonstrate that this analysis is feasible, yielding amplitude predictions of only a few 10 nGal, and that it agrees with the modeled constituents on a level of 63–80% of the mean signal amplitude. Larger deviations are only found for lowest amplitude signals, near-coastal stations, or shorter and noisier data sets.
Seropositivity of main vector-borne pathogens in dogs across Europe
Creators: name: Miro, Guadalupe
name: Wright, Ian
name: Michael, Helen
name: Burton, Wade
name: Hegarty, Evan
name: Rodon, Jaume
name: Buch, Jesse
name: Pantchev, Nikola
name: Samson-Himmelstjerna, Georg Von
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Leishmania
subject: Dirofilaria immitis
subject: Anaplasma
subject: Ehrlichia
subject: Borrelia burgdorferi
subject: Dogs
subject: Europe
subject: Seropositivity
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::630 Landwirtschaft::630 Landwirtschaft und verwandte Bereiche

description: Background Canine vector-borne disease (CVBD) has been an area of increasing interest in Europe over the last few decades, and there have been changes in the prevalence and distribution of many of these diseases. Monitoring CVBD infections in Europe is often done by individual countries, but aggregated data for the European countries are helpful to understand the distribution of CVBDs. Methods We used an extensive retrospective database of results from point-of-care rapid enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) tests on dogs across Europe to identify distribution and seropositivity in animals tested for selected CVBDs (Anaplasma spp., Ehrlichia spp., Borrelia burgdorferi, Leishmania spp., and Dirofilaria immitis) from 2016 through 2020. Geographic distribution of positive tests and relative percent positive values were mapped by the Nomenclature of Territorial Units for Statistics classification for regions with sufficient test results for reporting. Results A total of 404,617 samples corresponding to 1,134,648 canine results were available from dogs tested in 35 countries over the 5-year study period. Over this period the number of test results per year increased whereas test positivity decreased. Leishmania spp. had the largest increase in total test results from 25,000 results in 2016 to over 60,000 results in 2020. Test positivity for Leishmania spp. fell from 13.9% in 2016 to 9.4% in 2020. Test positivity fell for Anaplasma spp. (7.3 to 5.3%), Ehrlichia spp. (4.3 to 3.4%), and Borrelia burgdorferi (3.3 to 2.4%). Dirofilaria immitis test positivity trended down with a high of 2.7% in 2016 and low of 1.8% in 2018. Leishmania spp. test positivity was highest in endemic areas and in several non-endemic countries with low numbers of test results. Co-positivity rates were significantly higher than expected for all pathogen test positive pairs except for Ehrlichia spp. with Borrelia burgdorferi and D. immitis with Borrelia burgdorferi. Conclusions This study represents the largest data set on CVBD seropositivity in Europe to date. The increase in the number of test results and decreasing test positivity over the study period may reflect changes in testing behavior and increased screening of healthy animals. The Europe-wide mapping of CVBD provides expected test positivity that can help inform veterinarians’ decisions on screening and improve prevention and identification of these important, sometimes zoonotic, diseases.
Traces of Genetic but Not Epigenetic Adaptation in the Invasive Goldenrod Solidago canadensis Despite the Absence of Population Structure
Creators: name: Eckert, Silvia
name: Herden, Jasmin
name: Stift, Marc
name: Durka, Walter
name: Kleunen, Mark Van
name: Joshi, Jasmin
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: AFLP
subject: MSAP
subject: cytosine methylation
subject: spatial autocorrelation
subject: genome scan
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie

description: Biological invasions may result from multiple introductions, which might compensate for reduced gene pools caused by bottleneck events, but could also dilute adaptive processes. A previous common-garden experiment showed heritable latitudinal clines in fitness-related traits in the invasive goldenrod Solidago canadensis in Central Europe. These latitudinal clines remained stable even in plants chemically treated with zebularine to reduce epigenetic variation. However, despite the heritability of traits investigated, genetic isolation-by-distance was non-significant. Utilizing the same specimens, we applied a molecular analysis of (epi)genetic differentiation with standard and methylation-sensitive (MSAP) AFLPs. We tested whether this variation was spatially structured among populations and whether zebularine had altered epigenetic variation. Additionally, we used genome scans to mine for putative outlier loci susceptible to selection processes in the invaded range. Despite the absence of isolation-by-distance, we found spatial genetic neighborhoods among populations and two AFLP clusters differentiating northern and southern Solidago populations. Genetic and epigenetic diversity were significantly correlated, but not linked to phenotypic variation. Hence, no spatial epigenetic patterns were detected along the latitudinal gradient sampled. Applying genome-scan approaches (BAYESCAN, BAYESCENV, RDA, and LFMM), we found 51 genetic and epigenetic loci putatively responding to selection. One of these genetic loci was significantly more frequent in populations at the northern range. Also, one epigenetic locus was more frequent in populations in the southern range, but this pattern was lost under zebularine treatment. Our results point to some genetic, but not epigenetic adaptation processes along a large-scale latitudinal gradient of S. canadensis in its invasive range.
title: The transformation from subsistence to commercialized agriculture : The social implications of rural change.
Creators: name: Inglefield, Susan
Publisher: name: SOAS University of London
Year: 1977

description: This thesis is an attempt to present a detailed exposition of certain changes occurring in a social system during its transformation from subsistence to commercialized agriculture. This transformation has been accelerated by the introduction of an irrigation system. The analysis is constructed from general theoretical literature and data collected from an irrigated lowland Northeast Thai village. In Chapter One I discuss the distribution of certain factors of production, and the means by which they are acquired. I attempt to show how these factors previously organized through social channels are slowly becoming commercialized. 1 also show how the imposition of an irrigation system conflicts in certain areas with the traditional system of land tenure. In Chapter Two I discuss the Domestic Mode of Production and identify certain factors influencing the economic intensity of households. I argue that due to the availability of irrigation water to certain farmers, production levels previously related to household composition are now more a function of resource endowment. Chapter Three discusses opportunity response and choice. I begin by considering the different types of response to opportunity both agricultural and non-agricultural, and I show how different response patterns are related to such factors as household composition, kinship ties and resource endowment. I then continue with an analysis of the way in which certain features of the social system are conducive to or inimical to economic change. Village expenditure patterns are then examined, and the choice - whether to re-invest in production, or to purchase consumer goods, are discussed. Chapter Four examines the relationship between economic and social power and prestige. Notions of status, socio-economic differentiation, village leadership and the ideology of wealth are discussed in order to comment on the possibilities of an emerging class structure.
Topological states in dimerized quantum-dot chains created by atom manipulation
Creators: name: Pham, Van Dong
name: Pan, Yi
name: Erwin, Steven C.
name: Oppen, Felix Von
name: Kanisawa, Kiyoshi
name: Fölsch, Stefan
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Surface states
subject: Symmetry protected topological states
subject: Quantum dots
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::530 Physik::530 Physik

description: Topological electronic phases exist in a variety of naturally occurring materials but can also be created artificially. We used a cryogenic scanning tunneling microscope to create dimerized chains of identical quantum dots on a semiconductor surface and to demonstrate that these chains give rise to one-dimensional topological phases. The dots were assembled from charged adatoms, creating a confining potential with single-atom precision acting on electrons in surface states of the semiconductor. Coupling between the dots leads to electronic states localized at the ends of the chains, as well as at deliberately created internal domain walls, in agreement with the predictions of the Su-Schrieffer-Heeger model. Scanning tunneling spectroscopy also reveals deviations from this well-established model manifested in an asymmetric level spectrum and energy shifts of the boundary states. The deviations arise because the dots are charged and hence lead to an onsite potential that varies along the chain. We show that this variation can be mitigated by electrostatic gating using auxiliary charged adatoms, enabling fine-tuning of the boundary states and control of their superposition. The experimental data, which are complemented by theoretical modeling of the potential and the resulting eigenstates, reveal the important role of electrostatics in these engineered quantum structures.
Ethnography in Health Services Research: Oscillation Between Theory and Practice
Creators: name: Cubellis, Lauren
name: Schmid, Christine
name: Peter, Sebastian Von
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: health services research
subject: ethnography
subject: qualitative methods
subject: Germany
subject: USA
subject: 300 Sozialwissenschaften::300 Sozialwissenschaften, Soziologie::301 Soziologie, Anthropologie

description: The well-known divergence between what policy and protocol look like on paper, and what happens in the actual practice of daily life remains a central challenge in health services provision and research. This disparity is usually referred to as the theory–practice gap and contributes to concerns that scientific evidence fails to make substantial impacts on the processes of service delivery. In this article, we present an argument for the inclusion of ethnographic methods in health services research and show that this approach enables researchers to address this divergence by working within it. We trace how ethnography, through generative processes of oscillation, can take us beyond lamenting the gap and capture the relational dynamics of people working together in complex systemic arrangements. By moving from example to methodological reflection, to principle of research, we demonstrate how the oscillation of ethnographic research between theory and practice can productively contribute to the field of health service research.
title: The relation between Punjabi immigrants and selected schools in Coventry.
Creators: name: Paige, John P.
Publisher: name: SOAS University of London
Year: 1977

description: The thesis describes a set of male Punjabi immigrants who had been to primary school in Coventry and who, when the research was started in 1970, were either in their last years at secondary school or working in local factories. The members of the set lived and most of them went to school in an industrial part of the city, the population of which, especially in the schools described, was split into two main categories, white and Punjabi. The thesis begins with a description of the working class background of the whites and the caste and village background of the Punjabis (chapters 1 and 2). The children of the early immigrants are then described, particularly their attitude to English and Punjabi societies, their relations with their parents and their peers (chapter 3) and their common attitude to education and work (chapter 4). The last part of the thesis is about their entry and passage through school in Coventry. The confusion at the two main immigrant schools and their decline are described and explained partly by the arrival of the Punjabis and partly by the schools being superseded by new comprehensive schools (chapter 5). The achievements of the Punjabis and the whites are compared and the difference of achievement is explained by reference to their differing social backgrounds and to two different systems of education, one based on a restricted education for the majority, to which the whites relate, and the other based on equality of opportunity to which the Punjabis relate (chapter 6). In the final chapter the work that the members of the set did when they were sixteen is described and it is shown that the set, whose members were united in their approach to school, ends divided and stratified with about equal numbers being restricted to one of three distinct levels (chapter 7).
DS_10.1177_0363546520922541 – Supplemental material for Effect of Platelet-Rich Plasma on Nonsurgically Treated Acute Achilles Tendon Ruptures: A Randomized, Double-Blinded Prospective Study
Creators: name: Boesen, Anders Ploug
name: Boesen, Morten Ilum
name: Hansen, Rudi
name: Barfod, Kristoffer Weisskirchner
name: Lenskjold, Anders
name: Malliaras, Peter
name: Langberg, Henning
Publisher: name: SAGE Journals
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 110314 Orthopaedics
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 110604 Sports Medicine
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 110323 Surgery

description: Supplemental material, DS_10.1177_0363546520922541 for Effect of Platelet-Rich Plasma on Nonsurgically Treated Acute Achilles Tendon Ruptures: A Randomized, Double-Blinded Prospective Study by Anders Ploug Boesen, Morten Ilum Boesen, Rudi Hansen, Kristoffer Weisskirchner Barfod, Anders Lenskjold, Peter Malliaras and Henning Langberg in The American Journal of Sports Medicine
title: The classification of verbs in Fula.
Creators: name: Bello, Gidado
Publisher: name: SOAS University of London
Year: 1977

description: This thesis deals with the classification of verbs in the Fula language. Both syntactic and semantic criteria are used to arrive at a systematic analysis of the relationships of verbs to the nominals that construct with them. Halliday's approach to transitivity in English is used as the theoretical basis, especially at the semantic level. The thesis contains four chapters and two appendices. The first chapter, a grammatical survey, deals with the maximum number of nominals with which verbs can construct, the question of pronominalisation of the nominals, the possibility of their omission, and their occurrence as subject of the corresponding Passive form. Chapter II outlines the relevant aspects of Halliday's treatment of English, in particular his 'clause types' and 'participant roles'. Chapter III shows how far these are applicable to Fula, and suggests supplementary categories which are required for the Fula situation. Chapter IV demonstrates how Fula verbs can be classified on the basis of the clause types in which they operate and the participant roles of their dependent nominals. Some special Fula verb-types and constructions are described in Appendix A. Appendix B presents, in tabulated form, the behaviour, as described in Chapter IV, of a variety of individual verbs.
title: A survey of Nasrid pottery.
Creators: name: Feltenstein, Martha
Publisher: name: SOAS University of London
Year: 1977

description: This paper attempts to describe all the varieties of ceramics produced during the period of the Nasrid dynasty (1232-1492) of Spain. The subject is introduced by brief histories of pre-Nasrid and Nasrid Muslim Spain. These chapters are followed by a survey of the ceramics, and their shapes and decorative motifs, made during the Caliphal, Taifas and Almoravid-Almohad periods. Nasrid ceramics are divided into four major categories: unglazed, slip-painted and monochrome-glazed wares; cuerda seca and verdugones ware; blue and white ware and lusterware. The development of forms, decorative motifs and techniques is considered as are their possible origins and sources.