cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Understanding the Potential of FPGA-Based Spatial Acceleration for Large Language Model Inference
Creators: name: Chen, Hongzheng
name: Zhang, Jiahao
name: Du, Yixiao
name: Xiang, Shaojie
name: Yue, Zichao
name: Zhang, Niansong
name: Cai, Yaohui
name: Zhang, Zhiru
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Hardware Architecture (cs.AR)
subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Recent advancements in large language models (LLMs) boasting billions of parameters have generated a significant demand for efficient deployment in inference workloads. The majority of existing approaches rely on temporal architectures that reuse hardware units for different network layers and operators. However, these methods often encounter challenges in achieving low latency due to considerable memory access overhead. This paper investigates the feasibility and potential of model-specific spatial acceleration for LLM inference on FPGAs. Our approach involves the specialization of distinct hardware units for specific operators or layers, facilitating direct communication between them through a dataflow architecture while minimizing off-chip memory accesses. We introduce a comprehensive analytical model for estimating the performance of a spatial LLM accelerator, taking into account the on-chip compute and memory resources available on an FPGA. Through our analysis, we can determine the scenarios in which FPGA-based spatial acceleration can outperform its GPU-based counterpart. To enable more productive implementations of an LLM model on FPGAs, we further provide a library of high-level synthesis (HLS) kernels that are composable and reusable. This library will be made available as open-source. To validate the effectiveness of both our analytical model and HLS library, we have implemented BERT and GPT2 on an AMD Alveo U280 FPGA device. Experimental results demonstrate our approach can achieve up to 13.4x speedup when compared to previous FPGA-based accelerators for the BERT model. For GPT generative inference, we attain a 2.2x speedup compared to DFX, an FPGA overlay, in the prefill stage, while achieving a 1.9x speedup and a 5.7x improvement in energy efficiency compared to the NVIDIA A100 GPU in the decode stage.
description: Accepted for publication in the FCCM'24 Journal Track and will appear in ACM Transactions on Reconfigurable Technology and Systems (TRETS)
von Mises Tapering: A Circular Data Windowing
Creators: name: de Oliveira, H. M.
name: Chaves, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 94A12, 62P30, 62P35

description: Continuous standard windowing is revisited and a new taper shape is introduced, which is based on the normal circular distribution by von Mises. Continuous-time windows are considered and their spectra obtained. A brief comparison with classical window families is performed in terms of their spectral properties. These windows can be used as an alternative in spectral analysis.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures
Development and Application of Chemometric Methods for Modelling Metabolic Spectral Profiles
Creators: name: Fonville, Judith Marlou
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2011

description: The interpretation of metabolic information is crucial to understanding the functioning of a biological system. Latent information about the metabolic state of a sample can be acquired using analytical chemistry methods, which generate spectroscopic profiles. Thus, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and mass spectrometry techniques can be employed to generate vast amounts of highly complex data on the metabolic content of biofluids and tissue, and this thesis discusses ways to process, analyse and interpret these data successfully. The evaluation of J -resolved spectroscopy in magnetic resonance profiling and the statistical techniques required to extract maximum information from the projections of these spectra are studied. In particular, data processing is evaluated, and correlation and regression methods are investigated with respect to enhanced model interpretation and biomarker identification. Additionally, it is shown that non-linearities in metabonomic data can be effectively modelled with kernel-based orthogonal partial least squares, for which an automated optimisation of the kernel parameter with nested cross-validation is implemented. The interpretation of orthogonal variation and predictive ability enabled by this approach are demonstrated in regression and classification models for applications in toxicology and parasitology. Finally, the vast amount of data generated with mass spectrometry imaging is investigated in terms of data processing, and the benefits of applying multivariate techniques to these data are illustrated, especially in terms of interpretation and visualisation using colour-coding of images. The advantages of methods such as principal component analysis, self-organising maps and manifold learning over univariate analysis are highlighted. This body of work therefore demonstrates new means of increasing the amount of biochemical information that can be obtained from a given set of samples in biological applications using spectral profiling. Various analytical and statistical methods are investigated and illustrated with applications drawn from diverse biomedical areas.
title: Rapport de voyage, Vanoise (1960) : Ligne d'Australie/Nouvelle-Calédonie, 1962, voyage n°06.41.2
Creators: name: Brulhet, Jacques
name: Dhermain, R.
name: Milhau, Jean
name: Monet, Philippe
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Compagnie des Messageries Maritimes
subject: Transports maritimes - Histoire
subject: Marine marchande
subject: Journaux de bord

description: Chapitrage : Rapport du commandant - Rapport du second - Rapport de l'officier de sécurité - Rapport de l'officier de navigation - Rapport du chef mécanicien - Rapport du commissaire - Rapport du médecin - Rapport du chef radioélectricien - Rapport de mer - Compte-rendu des opérations commerciales
description: Source: French Lines & Compagnies, 1997 002 4338-30
description: Coverage: 1962-01-07/1962-05-27
Additional file 1 of Implantation of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cell sheets promotes axonal regeneration and restores bladder function after spinal cord injury
Creators: name: Chen, Jiasheng
name: Wang, Lin
name: Liu, Meng
name: Gao, Guo
name: Zhao, Weixin
name: Fu, Qiang
name: Wang, Ying
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Primers used for PCR analysis.
Important role of projectile excitation in $^{16}$O+$^{60}$Ni and $^{16}$O+$^{27}$Al scattering at intermediate energies
Creators: name: Zagatto, V. A. B.
name: Cappuzzello, F.
name: Lubian, J.
name: Cavallaro, M.
name: Linares, R.
name: Carbone, D.
name: Agodi, C.
name: Foti, A.
name: Tudisco, S.
name: Wang, J. S.
name: Oliveira, J. R. B.
name: Hussein, M. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The elastic scattering angular distribution of the $^{16}$O$+^{60}$Ni system at $260$ MeV was measured in the range of the Rutherford cross section down to $7$ orders of magnitude below. The cross sections of the lowest $2^{+}$ and $3^{-}$ inelastic states of the target were also measured over a several orders of magnitude range. Coupled channel (CC) calculations were performed and are shown to be compatible with the whole set of data only when including the excitation of the projectile and when the deformations of the imaginary part of the nuclear optical potential are taken into account. Similar results were obtained when the procedure is applied to the existing data on $^{16}$O$+^{27}$Al elastic and inelastic scattering at $100$ and $280$ MeV. An analysis in terms of Dynamical Polarization Potentials (DPP) indicate the major role of coupled channel effects in the overlapping surface region of the colliding nuclei.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures
Flat bands without twists: periodic holey graphene
Creators: name: Espinosa-Champo, Abdiel de Jesús
name: Naumis, Gerardo G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: \textit{Holey Graphene} (HG) is a widely used graphene material for the synthesis of high-purity and highly crystalline materials. In this work, we explore the electronic properties of a periodic distribution of lattice holes, demonstrating the emergence of flat bands with compact localized states. It is shown that the holes break the bipartite sublattice and inversion symmetries, inducing gaps and a nonzero Berry curvature. Moreover, the folding of the Dirac cones from the hexagonal Brillouin zone (BZ) to the holey superlattice rectangular BZ of HG with sizes proportional to an integer $n$ times the graphene's lattice parameter leads to a periodicity in the gap formation such that $n \equiv 0$ (mod $3$). Meanwhile, it is shown that if $n \equiv \pm 1$ (mod $3$), a gap emerges where Dirac points are folded along the $Γ-X$ path. The low-energy hamiltonian for the three central bands is also obtained, revealing that the system behaves as an effective $α-\mathcal{T}_{3}$ graphene material. Therefore, a simple protocol is presented here that allows obtaining flat bands at will. Such bands are known to increase electron-electron correlated effects. This work provides an alternative system, much easier to build than twisted systems, to obtain highly correlated quantum phases.
title: Gazette SHCC, cycle 9, Corps, séance du 19 novembre 2015
Creators: name: Schmidt, Nicolas
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2021

description: Relation: http://purl.org/poi/crdo.vjf.cnrs.fr/cocoon-ebd45480-b5ed-4cb1-9454-80b5ed0cb140
Prioleau Cemetery, Naval Weapons Station, North Charleston, South Carolina, Conservation Report
Creators: name: Fernandez, Rachel
Publisher: name: Kreilick Conservation, LLC
Year: 2008
Subjects: Berkeley (County)
Naval Weapons Station Charleston
Prioleau Cemetery
North Charleston
Joint Base Charleston
18th Century
19th Century
Historic
Cemetery
Historic Cemetery
Building Materials
Condition Assessment
Conservation Report
Historic Marker Conservation
Architectural Documentation
Heritage Management
Site Stabilization

description: In August 2006, The Office of Natural and Cultural Resources of the Charleston Naval Weapons Station contacted Kreilick Conservation, LLC to conduct a conditions assessment of the Prioleau Cemetery at the Naval Weapons Station in North Charleston, SC. Scott Kreilick completed the assessment on July 19, 2007. GEL Geophysics, LLC retained the company on October 9, 2007 to complete conservation treatment of the four markers (ledgers and brick bases) and structural assessment and conservation specifications of the brick wall encompassing the markers. This report addresses the conservation treatment of the markers. The structural assessment and specifications of the brick wall will be under a separate cover. Conservation philosophy for the project was based on a combination of client expectation and Secretary of the Interior’s Standards for the Treatment of Historic Properties, as well as Guidelines for Practice of the American Institute for Conservation (AIC). This report includes a description of all treatments implemented to conserve the four markers in Prioleau Cemetery, thorough photo documentation of all project phases, and recommendations for future maintenance.
Oral history interview with Ilma De Szily, 1989
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2020
Subjects: Social workers
Social service

description: Childhood and education in Hungary; experiences in social work and early politicization; work with International Red Cross and refugees after World War II; attachment to Hungarian Legitimist Party; discussion of early education of Otto von Hapsburg, and exile of Hungarian branch of Royal Family; occupation of Budapest by Soviets, 1945; first post-war elections in Hungary; her flight from Hungary, 1947
Two-loop beta functions of the Sine-Gordon model
Creators: name: Balog, Janos
name: Hegedus, Arpad
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We recalculate the two-loop beta functions in the two-dimensional Sine-Gordon model in a two-parameter expansion around the asymptotically free point. Our results agree with those of Amit et al., J. Phys. A13 (1980) 585.
description: 6 pages, LaTeX, some corrections
A History of the Lands Occupied by Naval Weapons Station Charleston
Creators: name: Larimer, Terrence
Publisher: name: Brockington and Associates, Inc.
Year: 2002
Subjects: Charleston, SC
Berkeley (County)
Naval Weapons Station Charleston
South Carolina (State / Territory)
World War I
World War II
Cold War
Woodland
Historic Native American
Mississippian
Archaic
Prehistoric
Historic
Middle Archaic
Late Archaic
Araret Plantation
Brick Hope Plantation
Back River Plantation
Cow Jig Plantation
Cedar Hill Plantation
Maris Hill
Hickory Hill Plantation
Mount Pleasant Plantation
Marrington
Palmettos Plantation
Old Tom
Prioleau
Parnassus plantation
Sambo Hill
Red Bank Plantation
Sunnyside Plantation
Snows Point Plantation
Yeamans Hill Plantation
Woods Point Plantation
Liberty Hall Plantation
Melgrove Plantation
White House
Historic Background Research
Records Search / Inventory Checking
Heritage Management

description: This report concentrates on the history of the plantations that were once located within the boundaries of Charleston Naval Weapons Station (NWSC). The NWSC is a large tract (17,000 acres) situated on the west side of the Cooper and Back Rivers, approximately 15 miles from Charleston. Currently comprised of four main areas: Northside, Marrington, Southside and South Annex, the land occupied by NWSC was home to many historic plantations. Each of the four large modern tracts is a collection of multiple historic smaller tracts. These historic tracts were of modest size, between 300 and 1,000 acres. Available official records offer few details as to how the properties were used. Deeds that extend back to the late seventeenth and early eighteenth centuries rarely describe buildings or other improvements. Archaeological evidence, however, indicates that NWSC lands were used extensively for the production of bricks as well as for rice agriculture. Documentary evidence from wills, probate inventories, and census records support the material evidence for bricks and rice.
Fragility of the Kondo insulating gap against disorder: relevance to recent puzzles in topological Kondo insulators
Creators: name: Sen, Sudeshna
name: Vidhyadhiraja, N. S.
name: Miranda, Eduardo
name: Dobrosavljević, Vladimir
name: Ku, Wei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Kondo insulators are strongly correlated system in which a clean insulating gap emerges only at very low temperature due to many-body effects involving localized $f$-electrons. However, certain Kondo insulators, like SmB$_6$ and Ce${_3}$Bi${_4}$Pt${_3}$, display metallic behaviors at extremely low temperatures, that have defied current understanding. Recent advances in topological effects in materials has raised the attention on the protected surface states in these "topological Kondo insulators" as a potential resolution to some of the puzzling behaviors. Here we resolve these puzzles via a different route, by showing that the emergent Kondo insulating scale is extremely vulnerable against moderate degree of disorder, such that the gap is filled with a small number of states. Therefore, the real samples are probably never truly insulating and this in turn compromises the essential building block of topological considerations. Our results suggest strongly that systems like the Slater insulators would be a more promising direction to extend the realm of topology to strongly correlated systems.
description: Accepted in Physical Review Research
The Cold War in South Carolina, 1945-1991: An Inventory of Department of Defense Cold War Era Cultural and Historical Resources in the State of South Carolina, Final Report, Volume II, Part A
Creators: name: Bilderback, Daniel R.
name: Blick, David G.
name: Downey, Tom
Publisher: name: University of South Carolina, Department of History
Year: 1995
Subjects: Berkeley (County)
Naval Weapons Station Charleston
South Carolina (State / Territory)
Charleston, South Carolina
Joint Base Charleston
Cold War
Historic
Charleston Naval Base Complex
POMFLANT
Polaris Missile Facility
Historic Background Research
Heritage Management

description: This report discusses the history of the Cold war and potential properties associated with this era in South Carolina. The Charleston Naval Base (CNB) complex was the largest and most involved DoD installation surveyed due to the multitude of activities that occurred at three separate locations. The USC Legacy Project conducted two building surveys of the CNB complex, one that focused solely on the base in North Charleston, and another that combined the Naval Weapons Station (NWS) and Polaris Missile Facility, Atlantic (POMFLANT), which are adjoining properties near Goose Creek. The surveys were arranged separately with the help of contacts at the CNB and the NWS. This volume contains a report for the three locations and a set of recommendations.
Archaeological Survey of the Proposed Naval Nuclear Power Training Command Facility, Naval Weapons Station – Charleston, Berkeley County, South Carolina
Creators: name: Rust, Tina
name: Bailey, Ralph
Publisher: name: Brockington and Associates, Inc.
Year: 1996
Subjects: Charleston, SC
Berkeley (County)
Naval Weapons Station Charleston
Charleston (County)
South Carolina (State / Territory)
Metal
Historic Background Research
Records Search / Inventory Checking
Research Design / Data Recovery Plan
Site Evaluation / Testing
Systematic Survey

description: An archaeological survey of the proposed Naval Nuclear Power Training Command Facility and associated areas within the Naval Weapons Station - Charleston was conducted by Brockington and Associates, Inc. 12-15 February 1996. The survey was conducted for the Naval Facilities Engineering Command, Southern Division to locate and evaluate the National Register of Historic Places [NRHP] eligibility of historic and prehistoric archaeological sites that may exist in the areas proposed for construction of training facilities and relocation of existing facilities. The work was conducted in compliance with sections 106 and 110 of the National Historic Preservation Act of 1966, as amended and Navy OPNAVINST 5090.IB, Chapter 3 regarding the management of cultural resources on Federal property. The project ultimately will be included as part of the Historic Resources Protection Plan. The survey resulted in the identification of one isolated fine. The isolate is recommended not eligible for the NRHP. No other cultural resources were identified. Ground disturbing activities for the proposed Naval Nuclear Power Training Facility and the relocation of existing facilities will have no adverse affect on significant cultural resources. This is a draft copy of the report.
title: Early feeding experiences, individual characteristics, and their impact on infant feeding outcomes.
Creators: name: Komninou, S
Publisher: name: University of Liverpool Repository
Year: 2017

description: Early life experiences impose long lasting effects on health and wellbeing. The early development of eating habits and flavour preferences associated with a healthy diet can help to extend and improve the quality of life. A variety of factors contribute to this process and the resulting early feeding choices have an impact on parents and infants alike. Initially, nutritional factors provide the key influence, with maternal diet affecting the flavour profile of amniotic fluid and breast milk. In doing so, these factors shape the type of flavours recognised as “familiar” and “safe” by the infant. Later parental behavioural inputs interact at different levels, and with an increasing influence, to further mould infants’ and toddlers’ eating related behaviours. This thesis aims to explore elements of the nutrition and behavioural inputs during early life by employing a bi-directional focus. In a small-scale laboratory study comparing vegetable acceptance between breast-fed and formula-fed infants it was found, contrary to hypotheses that the intake of vegetable puree did not vary with milk feeding type. Maternal ratings of their infant’s enjoyment of the vegetables were also comparable between the two groups. With the recognition that mothers likely use multiple means of assessing vegetable preference, the rationale for the enjoyment ratings applied was further explored. Two main categories of cues were derived ‘explicit cues’ and ‘implicit cues, with the first most commonly applied. Finally, the potential for mother-infant interactions to provide insight into vegetable acceptance was explored. Results suggested that mothers might adjust their interactions with their baby during feeding depending on the food familiarity. However, outcomes should be considered with caution due to various methodological limitations and the small sample size. The focus of subsequent research was guided by the methodological limitations identified in the laboratory based. The final online survey was targeted at weaning practices. Specifically, it demonstrated positive associations between the baby-led weaning approach and the use of health promoting parental feeding practices to achieve positive eating behaviour outcomes in toddlers. Although results were encouraging, as BLW is relatively contemporary in the literature, further research is required to explore the long-term benefits of this weaning method.
Institute of Archaeology and Anthropology, University of South Carolina Site Survey Record 38BK1270
Creators: name: Fernandez, Rachel
Publisher: name: South Carolina Institute of Archaeology and Anthropology
Year: 1991
Subjects: Berkeley (County)
Naval Weapons Station Charleston
Charleston (County)
South Carolina (State / Territory)
Joint Base Charleston
18-19th Century
Historic
38BK1270
Red Bank Landing Upstream
Artifact Scatter
Ferry Landing
Brick
Building Materials
Site Survey Records
Site Form
Archaeological Overview
Reconnaissance / Survey
Heritage Management
Systematic Survey

description: This document is a site form for site 38BK1270 recorded by the University of South Carolina.
Institute of Archaeology and Anthropology, University of South Carolina Site Survey Record 38BK1271
Creators: name: Fernandez, Rachel
Publisher: name: South Carolina Institute of Archaeology and Anthropology
Year: 1991
Subjects: Berkeley (County)
Naval Weapons Station Charleston
Charleston (County)
South Carolina (State / Territory)
Joint Base Charleston
19th Century
Historic
38BK1271
Cemetery
Site Survey Records
Site Form
Archaeological Overview
Reconnaissance / Survey
Heritage Management
Systematic Survey

description: This document is a site form for site 38BK1271 recorded by the University of South Carolina.
Oral history interview with Ina Sugihara Jones, 2000
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2021
Subjects: Journalists
Japanese Americans--Evacuation and relocation, 1942-1945
Civil rights movements--History--20th century.--United States
Civil rights workers--History--20th century.--United States

description: Ina Sugihara Jones begins this interview by speaking about her heritage, her early life on the West Coast, and her parents' immigration experience. Jones describes her siblings, Japanese upbringing, and early education. She discusses the challenges her family experienced during the Great Depression and their eventual move to Long Beach, California in 1933. Jones outlines the job discrimination she encountered as a Japanese American woman and the expectations of her parents. Jones describes her job at the Northern California branch of the ACLU and contextualizes the internment camps. She describes her various jobs in New York, as well as her first impressions of the city. Jones recalls initial meetings at New York CORE and describes her relationship with Lula Farmer. Jones describes at great length her work at NBC as a secretary and labor contract analyst. Finally, Jones speaks briefly about her work as correspondent for Religious News Service, Pittsburgh Courier, and the Pacific Citizen
Institute of Archaeology and Anthropology, University of South Carolina Site Survey Record 38BK1689
Creators: name: Fernandez, Rachel
Publisher: name: South Carolina Institute of Archaeology and Anthropology
Year: 1994
Subjects: Berkeley (County)
Charleston (County)
South Carolina (State / Territory)
Joint Base Charleston
Late Woodland
Middle Woodland
Woodland
38BK1689
Artifact Scatter
Ceramic
Site Survey Records
Site Form
Archaeological Overview
Reconnaissance / Survey
Heritage Management
Systematic Survey

description: This document is a site form for site 38BK1689 recorded by the University of South Carolina.
Institute of Archaeology and Anthropology, University of South Carolina Site Survey Record 38BK1706
Creators: name: Fernandez, Rachel
Publisher: name: South Carolina Institute of Archaeology and Anthropology
Year: 1995
Subjects: North Air Force Auxiliary Field
Berkeley (County)
Charleston (County)
Orangeburg (County)
South Carolina (State / Territory)
Joint Base Charleston
18th - 19th Century
Prehistoric
Historic
38BK1706
Plantation
Brick
Ironstone
Nails
Whiteware
Colonoware
Undecorated porcelain
Anular whiteware
Red bodied Slipware
Transfer print whiteware
Ceramic
Finger painted pearlware
Molded ironstone
Brown stoneware
Fauna
Clear flat glass
Pipebowl
Green ornamental object
Cobalt blue bottleglass
Olive green bottleglass
Residual
Plain pre-contact sherds
Deptford check stamped sherds
Site Survey Records
Site Form
Archaeological Overview
Reconnaissance / Survey
Heritage Management
Systematic Survey

description: This document is a site form for site 38BK1706 recorded by the University of South Carolina.
Machuella turcica Baran & Ayyildiz 2007
Creators: name: LIU, DONG
name: YI, TIAN-CI
name: XU, YUN
name: ZHANG, ZHI-QIANG
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2013
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Sarcoptiformes
Machuellidae
Machuella
Machuella turcica

description: Machuella turcica Baran & Ayyildiz, 2007: 58
— Holotype female (AUET), moss on rock, Karayazı, Geyikli, Erzurum, Turkey (39°.42'N, 42°.09'E).
description: Published as part of LIU, DONG, YI, TIAN-CI, XU, YUN & ZHANG, ZHI-QIANG, 2013, Hotspots of new species discovery: new mite species described during 2007 to 2012, pp. 1-102 in Zootaxa 3663 (1) on page 75, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3663.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5630595
The Central Nervous System Manifestations of HIV-1 Infection in the Combination Antiretroviral Therapy Era
Creators: name: Garvey, Lucy
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2011

description: Following the introduction of effective therapies to treat human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) infection in the mid-1990s, a dramatic reduction in the incidence of severe HIV-1 associated brain disease was observed. In spite of such advances however, milder forms of HIV-1 associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND) have become increasingly apparent in recent years and can reduce the cognitive function, quality of life and overall survival of those affected. Coinfection with viral hepatitis C (HCV) and poor central nervous system (CNS) penetration of antiretroviral drugs may be risk factors for this condition. This thesis examines the following two hypotheses: Use of antiretroviral drugs with greater CNS penetration is associated with greater improvements in cerebral function parameters in HIV-1 infected subjects Acquisition of acute HCV coinfection is associated with a deterioration of cerebral function parameters in HIV-1 infected subjects These hypotheses were tested in a series of clinical studies. First, retrospective data from the largest UK cohort study of adult HIV-1 infected subjects were analysed to assess the impact of antiretroviral therapy CNS penetration upon HIV-associated brain disease incidence and survival between 1996 and 2008. Second, prospective changes to cerebral function parameters were assessed in HIV-1 infected subjects switching to novel antiretroviral regimens with differing CNS penetration via the use of longitudinal cerebral proton spectroscopy and computerised cognitive assessments. In order to investigate the second hypothesis, a cross-sectional study was performed to assess cognition in HIV-1 infected subjects, with and without acute HCV coinfection. Finally, the presence of neuronal damage, neuronal inflammation and in vivo microglial cell activation in individuals with chronic HIV-1 and acute HCV coinfection were investigated in case-control studies utilising cerebral proton spectroscopy and positron emission tomography. Results demonstrated that in some controlled settings, novel antiretroviral switching strategies involving simplification to darunavir-containing triple or monotherapy or intensification with maraviroc, are associated with improvements to parameters of cerebral function. No evidence that the widespread use of regimens with higher CSF penetration effectiveness scores is associated with reduced incidence of HIV-1 associated CNS opportunistic diseases was found. It was also demonstrated that cerebral disturbance and a deterioration of cerebral function parameters is associated with acute hepatitis C (HCV) coinfection via impairment of executive functioning and increased cerebral metabolites. No association between microglial cell activation and acute HCV/HIV coinfection was found.
Additional file 1 of Sleep cycle in children with severe acute bronchopneumonia during mechanical ventilation at different depths of sedation
Creators: name: Zhao, XueShan
name: Yan, JingLi
name: Wu, Bo
name: Zheng, Duo
name: Fang, Xiuying
name: Xu, Wei
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Mental Health

description: Additional file 1:Supplemental Table 1. Ramsay sedation scale. Supplemental Table 2. American Academy of Sleep Medicine (AASM) sleep score.
White noise analysis of visual selectivity in area MT during fixation and eye movements
Creators: name: Hartmann, Till Sebastian
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2012

description: It is crucial for survival to rapidly and accurately determine the location of objects. As humans, we constantly estimate positions of stationary and moving targets around us, and do so successfully, despite eye movements that induce motion on the retina. One vital brain area has been identified for localization and motion processing: the middle temporal area (MT). We set forth to investigate the responses of single cells and local field potentials (LFP) in area MT of the rhesus macaque in order to study its tuning properties during eye movements. We presented randomly positioned, flickering bars to map neurons’ visual responses. Meanwhile, we superimposed a fixation point to keep the eyes still or a moving random dot pattern, which induced Optokinetic Nystagmus, a specific type of eye movement. During fixation, we found the responses of area MT to be—contrary to the current beliefs in literature—polarity sensitive (project 1). Our findings indicate that the receptive field (RF) position in area MT is yoked to the eye, independent of eye position and eye movement. That is, the cells are coding in an eye-centered reference frame and the cells’ RFs do not shift (project 2). We found that in area MT, eye position modulated not only neurons’ firing rates; the power in the gamma spectrum exhibited gain modulation as well—gain fields (project 3). Finally, we show dramatic changes during fast eye movements of both neuronal firing rates and LFP. The LFP modulation depended highly on the frequency band, i.e. theta power was strongly enhanced while the stimulus frequencies in the gamma range were decreased. We speculate that the LFP modulations allow us to identify layer specific differences. Furthermore, these modulations lead us to suggest a new mechanism for saccadic suppression: de-synchronization (project 4). In conclusion, we advanced the knowledge on motion processing and perceptual stability and proposed a novel role for de-synchronization in the phenomenon of saccadic suppression.
Calculations of the Relativistic Effects in Many-Electron Atoms and Space-Time Variation of Fundamental Constants
Creators: name: Dzuba, V. A.
name: Flambaum, V. V.
name: Webb., J. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Theories unifying gravity and other interactions suggest the possibility of spatial and temporal variation of physical ``constants'' in the Universe. Detection of high-redshift absorption systems intersecting the sight lines towards distant quasars provide a powerful tool for measuring these variations. We have previously demonstrated that high sensitivity to the variation of the fine structure constant $α$ can be obtained by comparing spectra of heavy and light atoms (or molecules). Here we describe new calculations for a range of atoms and ions, most of which are commonly detected in quasar spectra: Fe II, Mg II, Mg I, C II, C IV, N~V, O I, Al III, Si II, Si IV, Ca I, Ca II, Cr II, Mn II, Zn II, Ge II (see the results in Table 3). The combination of Fe II and Mg II, for which accurate laboratory frequencies exist, have already been used to constrain $α$ variations. To use other atoms and ions, accurate laboratory values of frequencies of the strong E1-transitions from the ground states are required. We wish to draw the attention of atomic experimentalists to this important problem. We also discuss a mechanism which can lead to a greatly enhanced sensitivity for placing constraints on variation on fundamental constants. Calculations have been performed for Hg II, Yb II, Ca I and Sr II where there are optical transitions with the very small natural widths, and for hyperfine transition in Cs I and Hg II.
description: 15 pages; LaTeX; Submitted to Phys. Rev. A
title: Examining maternal anxiety and infant feeding from pregnancy to parenthood.
Creators: name: Fallon, V
Publisher: name: University of Liverpool Repository
Year: 2017

description: This thesis uses an exploratory sequential design to examine the relationship between maternal anxiety and infant feeding from pregnancy to parenthood. Chapter 1 provides an overview of the thesis and a contextual framework of breastfeeding behaviour. Chapter 2 systematically reviews the literature examining prenatal anxiety and infant feeding, while Chapter 3 systematically reviews the literature examining postpartum anxiety and infant feeding. Chapter 4 uses qualitative, longitudinal methods to explore the impact of pregnancy-specific anxiety on prenatal infant feeding intentions and subsequent postpartum breastfeeding behaviour. Chapters 5 and 6 examine the emotional and practical experiences of breastfeeding and formula feeding women to identify potentially influencing mechanisms within the relationship. Chapter 7 reports the development and validation of a new measure of postpartum-specific anxiety. Chapter 8 then examines whether this measure is a more effective predictor of infant feeding outcomes than a general measure of anxiety. First, the findings reveal that there is insufficient evidence to make firm conclusions regarding the relationship between prenatal anxiety and infant feeding outcomes. However, the thesis finds convincing evidence for the relationship between postpartum anxiety and diverse infant feeding outcomes and behaviours. Second, a qualitative, longitudinal design suggests that pregnancy-specific anxiety may strengthen breastfeeding intentions in pregnancy, but this does not translate into improved breastfeeding outcomes postpartum. Third, the findings provide consistent evidence that failure to adhere to current infant feeding recommendations elicits negative emotional and practical experiences, which may potentially influence the relationship. Finally, the findings reveal new evidence for the efficacy of a validated measure of postpartum specific anxiety, relative to general measures of anxiety and depression, in predicting infant feeding outcomes and behaviours. Collectively, this thesis demonstrates that maternal anxiety, particularly in the months following childbirth is; like depression; an individual-level determinant of breastfeeding. Policy makers should raise awareness of this under-recognised psychological determinant, and distinguish it from depression, and anxiety occurring at other times of life.
Biharmonic Conformal Field Theories
Creators: name: Ferrari, Franco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The main result of this paper is the construction of a conformally covariant operator in two dimensions acting on scalar fields and containing fourth order derivatives. In this way it is possible to derive a class of Lagrangians invariant under conformal transformations. They define conformal field theories satisfying equations of the biharmonic type. Two kinds of these biharmonic field theories are distinguished, characterized by the possibility or not of the scalar fields to transform non-trivially under Weyl transformations. Both cases are relevant for string theory and two dimensional gravity. The biharmonic conformal field theories provide higher order corrections to the equations of motion of the metric and give a possibility of adding new terms to the Polyakov action.
description: 11 pages, LaTeX, no figures
Institute of Archaeology and Anthropology, University of South Carolina Site Survey Record 38BK1717
Creators: name: Fernandez, Rachel
Publisher: name: South Carolina Institute of Archaeology and Anthropology
Year: 1995
Subjects: North Air Force Auxiliary Field
Berkeley (County)
Charleston (County)
Orangeburg (County)
South Carolina (State / Territory)
Joint Base Charleston
18th Century
Woodland
Mississippian
Prehistoric
Late Archaic
38BK1717
Indigo Vat Complex
Shell
Ceramic
Charcoal
Building Materials
Site Survey Records
Site Form
Archaeological Overview
Reconnaissance / Survey
Heritage Management
Systematic Survey

description: This document is a site form for site 38BK1717 recorded by the University of South Carolina.
Quantum Noise Reduction and Generalized Two-Mode Squeezing in a Cavity Raman Laser
Creators: name: Druhl, K.
name: Windenberger, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study a generalized notion of two-mode squeezing for the Stokes and anti-Stokes fields in a model of a cavity Raman laser, which leads to a significant reduction in decoherence or quantum noise. The model comprises a loss-less cavity with classical pump, unsaturated medium and arbitrary homogeneous broadening and dispersion. Allowing for arbitrary linear combinations of the two modes in the definition of quadrature variables, we find that there always exists a combination of the two output modes which exhibits quadrature squeezing with noise reduction below the vacuum level. The number of noise photons for this combination mode is proportional to the square root of the number of Stokes noise photons.
description: 31 pages, 10 figures, to appear in Phys. Rev. A
A new ab initio equation of state of hcp-Fe and its implication on the interior structure and mass-radius relations of rocky super-Earths
Creators: name: Hakim, Kaustubh
name: Rivolidini, Attilio
name: Van Hoolst, Tim
name: Cottenier, Stefaan
name: Jaeken, Jan
name: Chust, Thomas
name: Steinle-Neumann, Gerd
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: More than a third of all exoplanets can be classified as super-Earths based on radius (1-2 $R_{\bigoplus}$) and mass (< 10 $M_{\bigoplus}$). Here we model mass-radius relations based on silicate mantle and iron core equations of state to infer to first order the structure and composition range of rocky super-Earths assuming insignificant gas envelopes. We develop a new equation of state of hexagonal close packed (hcp) iron for super-Earth conditions (SEOS) based on density functional theory results for pressures up to 137~TPa. A comparison of SEOS and extrapolated equations of state for iron from the literature reveals differences in density of up to 4% at 1~TPa and up to 20% at 10~TPa. Such density differences change the derived mass by up to 10\% for Earth-like super-Earths (core radius fraction of 0.5) and 20% for Mercury-like super-Earths (core radius fraction of 0.8). We find that the effect of temperature on mass (< 5%) is smaller than that resulting from the extrapolation of the equations of state of iron and lower mantle temperatures are too low to allow for rock and iron miscibility for R<1.75 $R_{\bigoplus}$. We find that modeling uncertainties dominate over observational uncertainties for many observed super-Earths. We illustrate these uncertainties explicitly for Kepler-36b with well-constrained mass and radius. Assuming a core composition of 0.8$ρ$ Fe (equivalent to 50 mol% S) instead of pure Fe leads to an increase of the core radius fraction from 0.53 to 0.64. Using a mantle composition of Mg$_{0.5}$Fe$_{0.5}$SiO$_3$ instead of MgSiO$_3$ leads to a decrease of the core radius fraction to 0.33. Effects of thermal structure and the choice of equation of state for the core material on the core radius of Kepler-36b are small but non-negligible, reaching 2% and 5%, respectively.
description: 24 pages, 12 figures
Institute of Archaeology and Anthropology, University of South Carolina Site Survey Record 38BK1833
Creators: name: Fernandez, Rachel
Publisher: name: South Carolina Institute of Archaeology and Anthropology
Year: 2000
Subjects: North Air Force Auxiliary Field
Berkeley (County)
Orangeburg (County)
South Carolina (State / Territory)
Charles (County)
Historic
38BK1833
Brick Scatter
Brick
Site Survey Records
Site Form
Archaeological Overview
Reconnaissance / Survey
Heritage Management
Systematic Survey

description: This document is a site form for site 38BK1833 recorded by the University of South Carolina.
Prepotentials in N=2 SU(2) Supersymmetric Yang-Mills Theory with Massless Hypermultiplets
Creators: name: Ito, Katsushi
name: Yang, Sung-Kil
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate the prepotential of the low-energy effective action for $N=2$ $SU(2)$ supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory with $N_f$ massless hypermultiplets ($N_f=1,\, 2,\, 3$). The precise evaluation of the instanton corrections is performed by making use of the Picard-Fuchs equations associated with elliptic curves. The flavor dependence of the instanton effect is determined explicitly both in the weak- and strong-coupling regimes.
description: 13 pages, phyzzx, (one additional reference, a misprint corrected)
Biochemical and Functional Characterization of Golgi Anti- Apoptotic Proteins (GAAP)
Creators: name: Saraiva, Nuno Ricardo De Almeida
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2012

description: Recently a new inhibitor of apoptosis, Golgi anti-apoptotic protein (GAAP), was discovered in camelpox virus and in some vaccinia virus (VACV) strains. GAAP is non-essential for VACV replication but affects virus virulence, is located in the Golgi, inhibits apoptosis and modulates Ca2+ fluxes. The VACV GAAP (vGAAP) shows high sequence identity with a previously uncharacterized human protein, named human GAAP (hGAAP). GAAPs belong to the Bax inhibitor-1 family and are highly conserved among eukaryotes, sharing a similar sequence, length and hydrophobicity profile. A yeast system was used to express and purify vGAAP and Arabidopsis thaliana GAAP3 (AtGAAP3). Data from patch clamp experiments using reconstituted purified protein in artificial lipid bilayers showed that vGAAP and AtGAAP3 allow the passage of ions, suggesting that GAAPs might form ion channels or ion exchangers. Amino acid sequence alignments of GAAP with other known ion channels or ion exchangers allowed the identification of amino acid residues in GAAP that might be involved in channel gating or ion selection. These residues were mutated in vGAAP and the mutants screened for anti-apoptotic and Ca2+ modulation activity, and purified to confirm and further characterize GAAP’s ion channel-like activity. Using chemical crosslinking, FRET and cysteine mutagenesis it was shown that GAAPs are able to form oligomers in a cysteine-dependent (vGAAP) or cysteine-independent (hGAAP) manner. Using detachment and attachment assays it was shown that hGAAP overexpression is able to increase cell adhesion and, conversely hGAAP knock down caused decreased adhesion and an elongated cell phenotype. Using a focal adhesion (FA) marker it was observed that the FA turnover after GAAP knockdown is reduced. Taken together, these results suggest that GAAP modulation of apoptosis and cell adhesion may be via its ion channel activity and subsequent modulation of Ca2+ fluxes.
The many faces of OSp(1|32)
Creators: name: Bergshoeff, Eric
name: Van Proeyen, Antoine
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that the complete superalgebra of symmetries, including central charges, that underlies F-theories, M-theories and type II string theories in dimensions 12, 11 and 10 of various signatures correspond to rewriting of the same OSp(1|32) algebra in different covariant ways. One only has to distinguish the complex and the unique real algebra. We develop a common framework to discuss all signatures theories by starting from the complex form of OSp(1|32). Theories are distinguished by the choice of basis for this algebra. We formulate dimensional reductions and dualities as changes of basis of the algebra. A second ingredient is the choice of a real form corresponding to a specific signature. The existence of the real form of the algebra selects preferred spacetime signatures. In particular, we show how the real d=10 IIA and IIB superalgebras for various signatures are related by generalized T-duality transformations that not only involve spacelike but also timelike directions. A third essential ingredient is that the translation generator in one theory plays the role of a central charge operator in the other theory. The identification of the translation generator in these algebras leads to the star algebras of Hull, which are characterized by the fact that the positive definite energy operator is not part of the translation generators. We apply our results to discuss different T-dual pictures of the D-instanton solution of Euclidean IIB supergravity.
description: 30 pages, Latex, using lscape.sty