cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
CP-Violation in the $ZZZ$ and $ZWW$ vertices at $e^+e^-$ colliders in Two-Higgs-Doublet Models
Creators: name: Grzadkowski, B.
name: Ogreid, O. M.
name: Osland, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss possibilities of measuring CP violation in the Two-Higgs-Doublet Model by studying effects of one-loop generated $ZZZ$ and $ZWW$ vertices. We discuss a set of CP-sensitive asymmetries for $ZZ$ and $W^+W^-$ production at linear $e^+e^-$-colliders, that directly depends on the weak-basis invariant Im $J_2$ that parametrises the strength of CP violation. Given the restrictions on this model that follow from the LHC measurements, the predicted effects are small. Pursuing such measurements is however very important, as an observed signal might point to a richer scalar sector.
description: 28 pages, v2: Signs in Eqs. (3.4) and (A.4) corrected, confirming result of arXiv:1710.05563. Fig. 2 corrected
A Critical Review of Neural Networks for the Use with Spectroscopic Data
Creators: name: Schuetzke, Jan
name: Szymanski, Nathan J.
name: Ceder, Gerbrand
name: Reischl, Markus
Publisher: name: Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT)
Year: 2022
Subjects: Deep Learning
Neural Networks
X-ray Diffraction
Spectroscopy

description: In recent years, neural networks have found increased use in the analysis of crystallographic characterization data, such as X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns. Previous work has shown that neural networks can successfully identify crystalline phases from XRD patterns and classify their symmetry, even in multiphase mixtures. When compared with classical machine learning methods, such as Support Vector Machines or Decision Trees, CNNs show improved performance in the classification of XRD patterns and can even handle experimental artifacts such as peak shifts caused by strain, whereas the classification models would fail. Such an approach is readily extended to other spectroscopic techniques, including NMR, Raman or NIR. Those network models usually employ a convolutional neural network (CNN) architecture which has been developed for the use with images. Despite these promising results, our work reveals several key limitations of the CNN architecture with respect to spectroscopic analysis, and we show that these limitations can lead to failed classifications on relatively simple patterns. Convolutional layers are demonstrated to have very little benefit for classification, and their only important contribution comes from the pooling operations that shrink the size of the input while keeping relevant information regarding peak intensities. Those pooling operations compensate for peak shifts, and therefore classical models applied to the shrunken input perform equally well as the presented neural networks. Nonetheless, we show how to adapt various parameters in the neural networks, such as the choice of activation function, to train more robust models with improved accuracy on classification tasks. Based on our findings, we believe that neural networks have their place for use with spectroscopic data but require careful design of their architecture to handle peculiarities inherent to spectral data.
Politics of adaptation in Anthologie Nègre by Blaise Cendrars and the Ballet La Création du Monde
Creators: name: Maccotta, Carole
Publisher: name: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
Year: 2011

description: Politics of Adaptation in Anthologie Nègre by Blaise Cendrars and the Ballet La Création du Monde The goal of this study is to reexamine the genealogy of one of the first compilations of African oral literature in French, Blaise Cendrars' Anthologie Nègre (1921). Looking at the Anthologie Nègre with a postcolonial lens for the first time, this dissertation seeks to problematize a critical reception of this work as separated from the colonial history of its creation. Drawing on theories of dialogism, adaptation, orientalism and linguistic anthropology, this project explores the myth of Cendrars as an author, the nature of Cendrars' sources, and demonstrates the highly mediated content of those African texts. It draws parallels between the transcription of African oral tales, their multiple rewritings, the paratexts that frame their reception, and the pragmatic uses that were made of those texts during the colonial era. It then compares the rewritings of a same legend from Gabon by a French missionary and Cendrars, and proposes that Cendrars' creative agency and auctorial status be reevaluated. This dissertation then examines Cendrars' further rewriting of this Gabonese legend from the Anthologie Nègre into the libretto of a ballet, La Création du Monde (1923). This stage adaptation reveals the instability of Cendrars' auctorial status, as well as the interconnectedness between his interest in psychiatry, savagery and violence, an interest he shared with the French avant-garde, and that shape his translation of the African other for the stage as pathologized and radically Other. It argues that the focus on the trope of origins, both in the Anthologie Nègre and in the ballet adaptation, and which is relayed by the intertext of the Old Testament, has a naturalizing effect that tends to justify and reinforce unequal relations of race. This project concludes that the written version of the legend and its adaptation into a ballet seem to exemplify an impossibility to tell the Other, and that they result in two apparently opposed modes of representation: while the legend domesticates and homogenizes the African Other, the ballet focuses on staging the uncanny and the untranslatable, in this multi media adaptation that makes it the first total ballet nègre.
Do words matter? Exploring the effect of safety behaviour beliefs on exposure outcomes
Creators: name: Tutino, Jessica
name: Ouimet, Allison
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Anxiety
subject: Cognition
subject: Exposure therapy
subject: Safety behaviours

description: One of the greatest predictors of treatment success is client expectations of treatment efficacy. During psychoeducation for cognitive behavioural therapy, the words clinicians use may be important to client expectations about treatment success. Given the theoretical and empirical debate about the degree to which incorporating judicious safety behaviours (SBs) into exposure may impact clients’ beliefs about therapy and their ability to tolerate anxiety-provoking situations, clinician psychoeducation is a particularly important area to investigate. The goal of this study is to assess whether participants’ beliefs about the efficacy of SBs (manipulated experimentally) during a speech exposure task influence their experiences of a speech exposure. Speech anxious participants (N = 150, n = 50 per condition) will be randomly assigned to one of three conditions. They will be told that using SBs during a speech either increases anxiety (Unhelpful), decreases anxiety (Helpful), or will be provided with no information on SB efficacy (Control). Participants will receive psychoeducation on exposure therapy, and then deliver a 5-minute speech. Participants across conditions will be permitted to use any SBs they want (e.g., sitting down, avoiding eye contact). One week later, participants will rate their willingness to participate in additional exposure exercises. Outcomes of interest include self-reported anxiety, working memory, ability to gather disconfirmatory evidence, speech duration, beliefs about exposure credibility and success, exposure distress and acceptability, and willingness to complete additional exposure exercises. See attached files for a detailed description of the methods, hypotheses, and planned analyses for this study. Data collection for this project began in November 2018.
Timing Argument take on the Milky Way and Andromeda past-encounter
Creators: name: Benisty, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The two-body problem of $M31$ and the Milky Way (MW) galaxies with a Cosmological Constant background is studied, with emphasis on the possibility that they experienced Past Encounter (PE). PE are possible only for non-zero transverse velocity and their viability is subject to observations of the imprints of such near collisions. By implementing the Timing Argument (TA) for two isolated point bodies, it is shown that if $M{31}$ and the MW have had PE, then the predicted mass of the Local Group (LG) should be twice larger. Since the predicted mass is too large, the MW and $M31$ galaxies should have collided at $\sim 8 Gys$. Therefore, the TA analysis show that PE is not possible for the Local Group (LG) system.
description: Final version
Paediatric robotic surgery: a narrative review
Creators: name: Padraig O’Brien, Lukas
name: Hannan, Enda
name: Peirce, Colin
Publisher: name: University of Limerick
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 42
subject: Health sciences
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: The benefts of minimally invasive surgery (MIS) compared with traditional open surgery, including reduced postoperative pain and a reduced length of stay, are well recognised. A signifcant barrier for MIS in paediatric populations has been the technical challenge posed by laparoscopic surgery in small working spaces, where rigid instruments and restrictive working angles act as barriers to safe dissection. Thus, open surgery remains commonplace in paediatrics, particularly for complex major surgery and for surgical oncology. Robotic surgical platforms have been designed to overcome the limitations of laparoscopic surgery by ofering a stable 3-dimensional view, improved ergonomics and greater range of motion. Such advantages may be particularly benefcial in paediatric surgery by empowering the surgeon to perform MIS in the smaller working spaces found in children, particularly in cases that may demand intracorporeal suturing and anastomosis. However, some reservations have been raised regarding the utilisation of robotic platforms in children, including elevated cost, an increased operative time and a lack of dedicated paediatric equipment. This article aims to review the current role of robotics within the feld of paediatric surgery.
Research for publications.docx
Creators: name: Kazi, Shakil
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Food and hospitality services

description: The author's goal in this research is to gain a deeper knowledge of existing UberEats consumers' online meal delivery service ordering experiences. Therefore, the author offers the organization specific ways to attract more consumers and improve customer satisfaction with online meal delivery services based on four elements: delivery service, communication, food packing, and payment system. A qualitative strategy is employed in this study to collect in-depth data by interviewing four respondents. Finally, in order to improve consumer happiness with UberEats' online meal delivery service, delivery time and food packing must be improved. Furthermore, UberEats should place a greater emphasis on customer satisfaction.
Rapid thermal co-annihilation through bound states in QCD
Creators: name: Kim, Seyong
name: Laine, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The co-annihilation rate of heavy particles close to thermal equilibrium, which plays a role in many classic dark matter scenarios, can be "simulated" in QCD by considering the pair annihilation rate of a heavy quark and antiquark at a temperature of a few hundred MeV. We show that the so-called Sommerfeld factors, parameterizing the rate, can be defined and measured non-perturbatively within the NRQCD framework. Lattice measurements indicate a modest suppression in the octet channel, in reasonable agreement with perturbation theory, and a large enhancement in the singlet channel, much above the perturbative prediction. The additional enhancement is suggested to originate from bound state formation and subsequent decay. Making use of a Green's function based method to incorporate thermal corrections in perturbative co-annihilation rate computations, we show that qualitative agreement with lattice data can be found once thermally broadened bound states are accounted for. We suggest that our formalism may also be applicable to specific dark matter models which have complicated bound state structures.
description: 26 pages. v3: clarifications and references added
Topology-changing horizons at large D as Ricci flows
Creators: name: Emparan, Roberto
name: Suzuki, Ryotaku
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The topology-changing transition between black strings and black holes localized in a Kaluza-Klein circle is investigated in an expansion in the inverse of the number of dimensions D. Performing a new kind of large-D scaling reduces the problem to a Ricci flow of the near-horizon geometry as it varies along the circle direction. The flows of interest here simplify to a non-linear logarithmic diffusion equation, with solutions known in the literature which are interpreted as the smoothed conifold geometries involved in the transition, namely, split and fused cones, which connect to black holes and non-uniform black strings away from the conical region. Our study demonstrates the adaptability of the 1/D expansion to deal with all the regimes and aspects of the static black hole/black string system, and provides another instance of the manner in which the large D limit reduces the task of solving Einstein's equations to a simpler but compelling mathematical problem.
description: 34 pages, 7 figures; v2: minor corrections, refs added; v3: minor corrections, some comments added
AUO Presentation Slides
Creators: name: Murray, Katherine
name: Davern, Melanie
Publisher: name: RMIT University
Year: 2022
Subjects: Preventative health care
Health services and systems not elsewhere classified
Health geography
Social determinants of health
Health policy
Health promotion
Health and community services
Health economics
Urban design
Land use and environmental planning
Transport planning
Community planning

description: AUO Presentation Slides
Presentation on the academic background, indicators and functionally of the AUO and it's use and applications.
SELF-ORGANIZATION OF THE CLIMATE SYSTEM: SYNCHRONIZED POLAR AND OCEANIC TELECONNECTIONS
Creators: name: Reischmann, Elizabeth
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: Synchronization is a widespread phenomenon in nonlinear, physical systems. It describes the phenomena of two or more weakly interacting, nonlinear oscillators adjust their natural frequencies until they come into phase and frequency lock. This behavior has been observed in biological, chemical and electronic systems, including neurons, fireflies, and computers, but has not been widely studied in climate. This thesis presents a study of several major examples of synchronized climatic systems, starting with ice age timings seemingly caused by the global climate’s gradual synchronization to the Earth’s 413kyr orbital eccentricity band, which may be responsible for the shift of ice age timings and amplitudes at the Mid-Pleistocene transition. The focus of the thesis, however, is centered the second major example of stable synchronization in the climate system: the continuous, 90 degree phase relationship of the polar climate signals for the entirety of the available ice record. The existence of a relationship between polar climates has been widely observed since ice core proxies became available in both Greenland and Antarctica. However, my work focuses on refining this phase relationship, utilizing it’s linear nature to apply deconvolution and establish an energy transfer function. This transfer function shows a distinctly singular frequency, suggesting that climate signal is predominately communicated north to south with a period of 1.6kyrs. This narrows down possible mechanisms of polar connection dramatically, and is further investigated via a collection of intermediate proxy datasets and a set of more contemporary, synchronized, sea surface temperature dipoles. While the former fails to show any strong indication of the nature of the polar signal due in part to the overwhelming uncertainties present on the centennial and millennial scales, the latter demonstrates a large set of synchronized climate oscillations exist, communicate in a variety of networks, and have a direct connection to larger climate patterns (in this case, precipitation anomalies). Overall, this thesis represents a clear advance in our understanding of global climate dynamics, presents a new method of climate time series analysis, evidence of 16, stable, synchronized sea surface temperature dipoles, and provides a detailed sediment core database with explanations of age model limitations for future investigation.
Correlation of Cortisol with Non-Invasive Physiological Measures in Response to Exercise
Creators: name: Pearson, Chad L.
Publisher: name: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
Year: 2011

description: The present study attempted to find alternative methods to measure training stress when cortisol blood analysis is not available. The relationships during exercise between cortisol and six non-invasive physiological measures (heart rate, lactate, lactate:RPE ratios, oxygen uptake, oxygen pulse, and ratings of perceived exertion) were assessed. Subjects (n = 18) participated in four experimental sessions (40%, 60%, and 80% VO2max, and control). Blood samples were taken pre- and post-exercise along with non-invasive measures being recorded throughout the exercise session. All correlations between cortisol and the non-invasive measures were significant. However, the small variance accounted for between each non-invasive measure and cortisol lead to low predictability. Individually, non-invasive measures are not viable indicators of training stress. However, exploratory step-wise multiple regression analysis revealed that when combined, blood lactate and lactate:RPE ratio are highly predictive of cortisol, suggesting that in combination they may be a plausible alternative to assess training stress.
Holomorphic curves in exploded manifolds: virtual fundamental class
Creators: name: Parker, Brett
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Symplectic Geometry (math.SG)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We define Gromov--Witten invariants of exploded manifolds. The technical heart of this paper is a construction of a virtual fundamental class $[\mathcal K]$ of any Kuranishi category $\mathcal K$ (which is a simplified, more general version of an embedded Kuranishi structure.) We also show how to integrate differential forms over $[\mathcal K]$ to obtain numerical invariants, and push forward differential forms from $\mathcal K$ over suitable evaluation maps. We show that such invariants are independent of any choices, and are compatible with pullbacks, products, and tropical completion of Kuranishi categories. In the case of a compact symplectic manifold, this gives an alternative construction of Gromov--Witten invariants, including gravitational descendants.
description: 60 pages. Final version to appear in Geometry and Topology
Einfluss der Kompaktierung auf die Elektrodenmikrostruktur und elektrochemische Performance bei Lithium-Ionen-Zellen
Creators: name: Schmidt, Denny
Publisher: name: KIT Scientific Publishing
Year: 2021
Subjects: Lithium-Ionen-Zellen
Elektrodenfertigung
Elektroden-Mikrostruktur
elektrochemische Eigenschaften
Lithium ion batteries
electrode manufacturing
electrode microstructure
electrochemical properties

description: In dieser Arbeit wird der Einfluss der Kompaktierung von LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2- und Graphit-basierten Elektroden in einem weiten Porositätsbereich vom unverdichteten Zustand bis Porositäten < 20% elektrochemisch bei Stromraten zwischen C/20 und 5C charakterisiert. Aus den ermittelten Kapazitäten werden u.a. gravimetrische und volumetrische Betrachtungen in Ragone-Plots dargestellt und mit den Erkenntnissen der Mikrostrukturanalyse korreliert.
How important is tropospheric humidity for coastal rainfall in the tropics?
Creators: name: Bergemann, Martin
name: Jakob, Christian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 76E06, 76E15, 76E20

description: Recent research has community have shown that tropical convection and rainfall is sensitive to mid-tropospheric humidity. Therefore it has been suggested to improve the representation of moist convection by making cumulus parameterizations more sensitive to mid-tropospheric moisture. Climate models show considerable rainfall biases in coastal tropical areas, where approx. 33 % of the overall rainfall received is associated with coastal land-sea interaction. Building on an algorithm to objectively identify rainfall that is associated with land-sea interaction we investigate whether the relationship between rainfall in coastal regions and atmospheric humidity differs from that over the open ocean or over inland areas. We combine 3-hourly satellite estimates of rainfall with humidity estimates from reanalyses and investigate if coastal rainfall reveals the well known relationship between area-averaged precipitation and column integrated moisture. We find that rainfall that is associated with coastal land-sea effects occurs under much drier mid-tropospheric conditions than that over the ocean and doesn't exhibit a pronounced critical value of humidity. In addition, the dependence of the amount of rainfall on mid-tropospheric moisture is significantly weaker when the rainfall is coastally influenced. Our findings indicate that the representation of convection in weather and climate models must cater for the special character near coasts rather than rely on a common set of rules across the globe.
description: Paper has been withdrawn due to faulty data used in this study. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1509.03419
Perceptions of the Facilitators and Barriers of Breastfeeding Initiation: Increasing Initiation Through a Tailored, Multi-Level Intervention Approach for African-American Mothers and the Community
Creators: name: Hinson, Tyonne
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: The rate of breastfeeding initiation among women in the U.S. is approximately 81.1%. While this rate falls below industrialized nations around the globe, U.S. breastfeeding initiation has continued to improve since 1972. Improvements in breastfeeding initiation rates, however, have not been achieved equally across all racial/ethnic groups. Rates of breastfeeding initiation among African-American mothers continue to be significantly lower than White and Hispanic mothers (66.3% vs. 84.3% and 83.0%), respectively. Breastmilk is identified as the optimal form of nutrition for infants during their first year of life. Despite the known benefits of breastmilk, critically low rates of breastfeeding initiation among African-American mothers have left African-American infants at highest risk for developing diseases and chronic health conditions. Decreases in mortality and morbidity may be realized within the African-American infant population if improvements could be made in breastfeeding initiation rates among African-American mothers. This reality of persistently low breastfeeding initiation rates among African-American mothers indicates the need for additional research and action. While some research has indicated that the state of breastfeeding initiation in African-American mothers is a result of prevalent factors such as socio-economic inequalities, education, and marital status, this only explains some of the African-American vs. White/Hispanic disparity. Quality research and program evaluation in the modifiable domains of cultural and social environment are essential to fully understanding breastfeeding initiation rates in African-American mothers. This dissertation will expand the level of knowledge and understanding concerning the barriers and facilitators influencing breastfeeding initiation among African-American mothers within the U.S. Using qualitative methodology, this research will facilitate steps toward addressing gaps in the research and translating breastfeeding initiation among this cultural group. This dissertation concludes with a causal loop diagram interpreting the relationships of multiple variables within the system influencing breastfeeding initiation and Plan for Change. The Plan for Change offers a four-pronged strategy designed to address the barriers experienced by African-American mothers on multiple levels. Ultimately, the goal of this Plan for Change and dissertation is to transform the state of breastfeeding for African-American mothers through normalizing breastfeeding, improving breastfeeding initiation rates, and increasing the number of women sustaining breastfeeding for years to come.
title: Trafficking of lipid-modified proteins to specialised membrane domains
Creators: name: ElMaghloob, Yasmin
Publisher: name: University of Glasgow
Year: 2020

description: Protein localisation is an important determinant of its function; trafficking mechanisms which bring about this localisation regulate signalling. These are crucial in functional membrane domains which remain continuous with the rest of the bilayer yet retain a distinct composition. This thesis presents my work as part of our investigation into the trafficking of lipid-modified proteins to two of these domains. These are the immune synapse, which is formed at the interface of immune cells with their targets, and the primary cilium, which is a cell surface microtubule-based sensory organelle. Using biochemical, structural, and imaging approaches, we study the trafficking of lipid-modified proteins to these domains. First, we attempt to answer the question of how the lymphocyte-specific kinase (LCK) is targeted to the CD4+ T cell synapse and then retained in the domain, a process which remains not fully understood. In the second part of the thesis, we demonstrate the clinical relevance of ciliary lipid-associated cargo trafficking and the underlying biochemical pathology due to a novel Joubert syndrome patient mutation. Although synapse-forming lymphocytes do not have primary cilia, the two membrane domains have been shown to share structural and functional similarities. We show that the LCK trafficking to the immune synapse involves GDI-like solubilising factor (GSF)-mediated transport, which has been previously described in the primary cilium. The GSF UNC119A facilitates LCK extraction from the membranes into the cytoplasm. LCK release occurs specifically at the synapse under the action of the G protein ARL3 and the regulation of the synapse-localised ARL13B. Retention is mediated by phosphoregulation of the LCK-UNC119A interaction. A very similar system operates in the cilium, and therefore it is another shared feature between cilia and synapses. Furthermore, we show that a novel ARL3 mutation identified by our collaborators interferes with GSF-mediated trafficking and disrupts maintenance of ciliary composition. Finally, I present my preliminary investigations into using GSF-mediated trafficking to manipulate ciliary signalling. The flexibility of GSF-mediated trafficking results in efficient cellular transportation, as well as far-reaching consequences in case of its impairment. Our work provides insights into potential avenues of manipulating signalling pathways through affecting the underlying transport.
My integrity means more than a dollar bill: habitus and good farming in an eastern North Carolina community
Creators: name: Fowler, Christopher L.
Publisher: name: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
Year: 2011

description: This thesis addresses an agricultural community facing change and its struggle to make sense of and confront both life and work. This ethnographic project situates one farming family and their neighbors from Fountaintown, North Carolina, within and against the culture of contemporary industrial agriculture. This thesis argues that habitus shapes their work and vision.
Kershaw closures for linear transport equations in slab geometry II: high-order realizability-preserving discontinuous-Galerkin schemes
Creators: name: Schneider, Florian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 35L40, 47B35, 65M08, 65M60, 65M70

description: This paper provides a generalization of the realizability-preserving discontinuous-Galerkin scheme for quadrature-based minimum-entropy models to full-moment models of arbitrary order. It is applied to the class of Kershaw closures, which are able to provide a cheap closure of the moment problem. This results in an efficient algorithm for the underlying linear transport equation. The efficiency of high-order methods is demonstrated using numerical convergence tests and non-smooth benchmark problems.
description: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1501.03660
Microfinance, health, and empowerment: Evaluating the effect of an integrated intervention on client revenue and profit in Benin
Creators: name: Lorenzetti, Lara
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: Greater emphasis is being placed on cross-sectoral development approaches, including the integration of microfinance and health services. Experts suggest that coordinating resources across sectors may produce synergistic effects. For instance, integrated microfinance and health (IMH) may generate greater health and financial outcomes for clients than either approach alone. However, evidence of IMH effectiveness is mixed. We conducted an evaluation to understand the value of combining microfinance and health programs. We systematically analyzed peer-reviewed literature evaluating the effect of IMH interventions on client outcomes. We then analyzed data from a cluster-randomized controlled trial in Benin. We used a difference-in-differences approach to assess the effect of an integrated microfinance and health education intervention on client reported revenue and profit. Finally, we used confirmatory factor analysis to create a measure of women’s empowerment. We interacted this measure with program effect to assess how program effect was influenced by level of empowerment. Our systematic review included 35 articles. Evidence for IMH was moderate in quality. The strongest evidence was for integrated microfinance and health education programs, which reported increases in knowledge and some behaviors but not broader health outcomes. In Benin, participants in the integrated program reported on average USD 18 less in revenue than participants in the credit-only program (p=0.05). Effect on profit was negative but insignificant. The measure of empowerment had appropriate goodness of fit and was supported by qualitative empowerment interviews. Controlling for other variables, empowerment had a significant and positive effect on revenue and profit. However, we found weak evidence that program effect differed by level of empowerment. Although it is promising that IMH programs demonstrated improvements in some health outcomes, there is no evidence of long-term change in health status. In Benin, integrated microfinance and health education had a significant negative effect on revenue. This analysis does not provide evidence of synergy from combining health and microfinance approaches. Despite positive effects of empowerment alone on revenue and profit, we found weak evidence that program effect was influenced by level of empowerment. Future research would be strengthened by longitudinal studies that include objective financial variables and robust measures of empowerment.
A duality of the classical action yields a reflection symmetry of the quantum energy spectrum
Creators: name: Kreshchuk, Michael
name: Gulden, Tobias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The concept of duality reflects a link between two seemingly different physical objects. An example in quantum mechanics is a situation where the spectra (or their parts) of two Hamiltonians go into each other under a certain transformation. We term this phenomenon as the energy-spectrum reflection symmetry. We develop an approach to this class of problems, based on the global properties of the Riemann surface of the quantum momentum function, a natural quantum-mechanical analogue to the classical momentum. In contrast to the algebraic method, which we also briefly review, our treatment provides an explanation to the long-noticed matching of the perturbative and WKB expansions of dual energy levels. Our technique also reveals the classical origins of duality.
Smart Households Demand Response Management with Micro Grid
Creators: name: Rouzbahani, Hossein Mohammadi
name: Rahimnezhad, Abolfazl
name: Karimipour, Hadis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Nowadays the emerging smart grid technology opens up the possibility of two-way communication between customers and energy utilities. Demand Response Management (DRM) offers the promise of saving money for commercial customers and households while helps utilities operate more efficiently. In this paper, an Incentive-based Demand Response Optimization (IDRO) model is proposed to efficiently schedule household appliances for minimum usage during peak hours. The proposed method is a multi-objective optimization technique based on Nonlinear Auto-Regressive Neural Network (NAR-NN) which considers energy provided by the utility and rooftop installed photovoltaic (PV) system. The proposed method is tested and verified using 300 case studies (household). Data analysis for a period of one year shows a noticeable improvement in power factor and customers bill.
description: ISGT 2018
Equivariant Verlinde algebra from superconformal index and Argyres-Seiberg duality
Creators: name: Gukov, Sergei
name: Pei, Du
name: Yan, Wenbin
name: Ye, Ke
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper, we show the equivalence between two seemingly distinct 2d TQFTs: one comes from the "Coulomb branch index" of the class S theory $T[Σ,G]$ on $L(k,1) \times S^1$, the other is the $^LG$ "equivariant Verlinde formula", or equivalently partition function of $^LG_{\mathbb{C}}$ complex Chern-Simons theory on $Σ\times S^1$. We first derive this equivalence using the M-theory geometry and show that the gauge groups appearing on the two sides are naturally $G$ and its Langlands dual $^LG$. When $G$ is not simply-connected, we provide a recipe of computing the index of $T[Σ,G]$ as summation over indices of $T[Σ,\tilde{G}]$ with non-trivial background 't Hooft fluxes, where $\tilde{G}$ is the simply-connected group with the same Lie algebra. Then we check explicitly this relation between the Coulomb index and the equivariant Verlinde formula for $G=SU(2)$ or $SO(3)$. In the end, as an application of this newly found relation, we consider the more general case where $G$ is $SU(N)$ or $PSU(N)$ and show that equivariant Verlinde algebra can be derived using field theory via (generalized) Argyres-Seiberg duality. We also attach a Mathematica notebook that can be used to compute the $SU(3)$ equivariant Verlinde coefficients.
description: 40 pages, 7 figures, Mathematica Notebook attached; v2: misprints corrected; v3: Acknowledgement added, corrections made based on the journal version
CaloFlow model checkpoints
Creators: name: Krause, Claudius
name: Shih, David
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: CaloFlow
Normalizing Flow
ECal

description: These are the model checkpoints for each normalizing flow that was used in "CaloFlow: Fast and Accurate Generation of Calorimeter Showers with Normalizing Flows" and "CaloFlow II: Even Faster and Still Accurate Generation of Calorimeter Showers with Normalizing Flows". The training and evaluation scripts can be found in this git repository. The training data was based on the same GEANT4 configuration file as the original CaloGAN samples. Said configuration can be found at the CaloGAN repository; the original CaloGAN samples are available at this DOI. The training data can be found at this DOI. Model checkpoints for each particle (eplus, gamma, piplus) are stored in a separate .tar.gz file. Each tarball contains the following files: Flow_I/particle.pt: checkpoint used for flow I. Flow_II/particle.pt: checkpoint used for flow II when run as in "CaloFlow: Fast and Accurate Generation of Calorimeter Showers with Normalizing Flows". This is the same as the 'teacher' model of "CaloFlow II: Even Faster and Still Accurate Generation of Calorimeter Showers with Normalizing Flows". Flow_II/particle_student.pt: checkpoint used for flow II when run as 'student' model of "CaloFlow II: Even Faster and Still Accurate Generation of Calorimeter Showers with Normalizing Flows". Each .pt file can be loaded using the functions given in this git repository.
Effect of Thickness, Substrate, Cement, and Storage Time on the Fracture Strength of Zirconia Crowns
Creators: name: Jadsadakraisorn, Chaninun
Publisher: name: University of Illinois at Chicago
Year: 2023

description: Objectives: To investigate the influence of crown thickness, abutment material properties, and dental cements used on the fracture resistance and failure mode of monolithic computer-aided design/manufacturing (CAD/CAM) zirconia crowns for short and long-term water storage conditions. Methods: Forty-eight minimal-thickness (0.5-mm thick) and conventional-thickness (1.0-mm thick) CAD/CAM monolithic zirconia (IPS e.max ZirCAD MT) crowns were cemented on lithium disilicate (IPS e.max) abutments to simulate enamel structure, and on composite (Paradigm MZ100) abutments to simulate dentin structure (elastic modulus). Cements used were resin cement and resin-modified glass ionomer cement. The specimens were divided into 4 groups (n=12): MER (minimal-thickness crown cemented on e.max abutments with resin cement), MDR (minimal-thickness crown cemented on composite abutments with resin cement), CDR (conventional-thickness crown cemented on composite abutments with resin cement), and CDG (conventional-thickness crown cemented on composite abutment with glass ionomer cement). Specimens were stored in water for 7 days (short-term) or 3 years (long-term) (n=6). All specimens were tested for fracture resistance by a load-to-failure test using a universal testing machine. Crown geometry and thicknesses were precisely controlled using digital design and fabrication processes. Fracture load and type of fracture were analyzed. A scanning electron microscope (SEM) was used to perform fractographic analysis. A Welch’s analysis of variance (ANOVA), Games-Howell post hoc tests were performed to analyze the results (p≤0.05). Results: The mean fracture load for group CDR was the highest for both short-term and long-term results (2009 ±263 N and 2557 ±235 N) (p≤0.05). Group MDR showed the lowest mean fracture load for both short- and long-term data (1301 ±161 N and 1441 ±993 N) (p≤0.05). The mean fracture load of groups MER and CDG were comparable (1933.00 ±202.81 N and 1919.67 ±367.28 N) at 7 days (p>0.05). Conclusions: Minimal-thickness and conventional-thickness zirconia crowns had high fracture resistance, exceeding average maximum occlusal forces. Minimal-thickness zirconia crowns cemented to an enamel like substrate had comparable fracture strengths when compared to conventional-thickness crowns cemented to a dentin like substrate for short-term water storage conditions. However, conventional-thickness crowns had a more predictable fracture resistance and fracture pattern than minimal-thickness crowns after long-term water storage.
24 rational curves on K3 surfaces
Creators: name: Rams, Sławomir
name: Schütt, Matthias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Given d in IN, we prove that all smooth K3 surfaces (over any field of characteristic p other than 2,3) of degree greater than 84d^2 contain at most 24 rational curves of degree at most d. In the exceptional characteristics, the same bounds hold for non-unirational K3 surfaces, and we develop analogous results in the unirational case. For d at least 3, we also construct K3 surfaces of any degree greater than 4d(d+1) with 24 rational curves of degree exactly d, thus attaining the above bounds.
description: v3: 21 pages; final version with minor changes
Operator Positivstellensätze for noncommutative polynomials positive on matrix convex sets
Creators: name: Zalar, Aljaž
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14P10, 15A22, 46L07, 47A63 (Primary), 11E25, 13J30, 46L89, 46N10, 47L25 (Secondary)

description: This article studies algebraic certificates of positivity for noncommutative (nc) operator-valued polynomials on matrix convex sets, such as the solution set $D_L$, called a free Hilbert spectrahedron, of the linear operator inequality (LOI) $L(X)=A_0\otimes I+\sum_{j=1}^g A_{j}\otimes X_j\succeq 0,$ where $A_j$ are self-adjoint linear operators on a separable Hilbert space, $X_j$ matrices and $I$ is an identity matrix. If $A_j$ are matrices, then $L(X)\succeq 0$ is called a linear matrix inequality (LMI) and $D_L$ a free spectrahedron. For monic LMIs, i.e., $A_0=I$, and nc matrix-valued polynomials the certificates of positivity were established by Helton, Klep and McCollough in a series of articles with the use of the theory of complete positivity from operator algebras and classical separation arguments from real algebraic geometry. Since the full strength of the theory of complete positivity is not restricted to finite dimensions, but works well also in the infinite-dimensional setting, we use it to tackle our problems. First we extend the characterization of the inclusion $D_{L_1}\subseteq D_{L_2}$ from monic LMIs to monic LOIs. As a corollary one obtains the description of a polar dual of a free Hilbert spectrahedron $D_L$ and its projection, called a free Hilbert spectrahedrop. Using this characterization in a separation argument, we obtain a certificate for multivariate matrix-valued nc polynomials $F$ positive semidefinite on a free Hilbert spectrahedron defined by a monic LOI. Replacing the separation argument by an operator Fejér-Riesz theorem enables us to extend this certificate, in the univariate case, to operator-valued polynomials $F$. Finally, focusing on the algebraic description of the equality $D_{L_1}=D_{L_2}$, we remove the assumption of boundedness from the description in the LMIs case by an extended analysis. However, the description does not extend to LOIs.
description: v2: 47 pages, several minor corrections; v1: 48 pages. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1102.4859 by other authors
Impact of lockdowns and possible quantification of pollution sources on the water quality of the Yamuna River
Creators: name: Yadav, Saghan
name: Nelapudi, Likhita
name: Singh, Gurpinder
name: Chaudhary, Shushobhit
name: Dhanya, C. T.
name: Arya, V.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: The COVID-19 lockdown halted industrial and transportation networks, resulting in a change in the level of pollution. In this study, the analysis of pre- and post-lockdown water quality of the Yamuna River is done, and primary causes are identified, by considering five in situ parameters and four Landsat-8-derived parameters. During the 2020 lockdown, pollution-indicating in situ parameters decreased, with chemical oxygen demand decreasing the most, possibly due to reduced industrial impact. All satellite-derived indices improved during lockdown and post-lockdown periods of 2020. Even in segments with uniform flow, floating algal index and normalized difference vegetation index exhibited lower levels. In contrast, the examination of the 2021 lockdown revealed no noteworthy insights. Mapping the observations with the drainage network and location of common effluent treatment plants revealed that industrial effluents were the dominant cause of water quality fluctuations. This demonstrates the impact of industrial effluents on the degrading water quality of Yamuna.
Hydro-morphodynamic responses of rivers to the construction of hydropower dams: a case study – the Kor River, Iran
Creators: name: Hamidifar, Hossein
name: Nones, Michael
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: The impact of dams on fluvial hydro-morphology in arid and semi-arid regions, such as the Middle East, has received little attention, although such fluvial corridors represent major sources of livelihood for the local population. In this study, the influence of the Mollasadra Dam on the hydro-morphological conditions of the Iranian Kor River is numerically investigated using iRIC MFlow_02, by considering different flooding conditions. Simulating different scenarios with and without the dam, and looking at key parameters like flow rate and velocity, sediment transport rate, and bed topography, it is evident that the dam significantly reduces the water discharge and the relative flow velocities, while it has a relatively low impact on the bed morphology and sediment transport. This can be ascribed to the fact that the Kor River is a capacity-limited watercourse, characterized by rather coarse material and reduced sediment transport.