cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
RACIAL VARIATION IN THE USE OF ONCOTYPE DX TESTING FOR WOMEN WITH BREAST CANCER
Creators: name: Roberts, Megan
Publisher: name: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Graduate School
Year: 2015
Subjects: Public health
Medical sciences
Oncology

description: Oncotype DX (ODX) is a tumor gene-profiling test that aids in adjuvant chemotherapy decision-making. While ODX has the potential to improve quality of care, <50% of eligible women receive it. If there is differential ODX testing by race, well-documented disparities in quality of cancer care may persist or worsen. Thus, we had three research objectives: (1) examine racial variation in ODX test uptake, (2) examine racial variation in subsequent adjuvant chemotherapy initiation, and (3) explore how oncologists use the test, identifying barriers and facilitators. We used mixed methods to explore these objectives. We used data from the Carolina Breast Cancer Study Phase III (n=2,998), a population-based cohort study of women diagnosed with breast cancer in 2008-2014. We used modified Poisson regression to determine the associations between race and (1) ODX testing (stratified by node status), and (2) adjuvant chemotherapy initiation (stratified by ODX risk group). We also conducted semi-structured interviews with oncologists (n=15). Interview transcripts were double-coded using template analysis. Overall, 42% of women (n=1468) had ODX testing. We found no racial disparities in the uptake of ODX testing among node negative patients. However, among node positive patients, Black patients were 46% less likely to receive testing than non-Black women after controlling for clinical factors (aRR: 0.54, 95%CI:0.35-0.84, p=0.006). Among women who underwent ODX testing (n=541), 54.2%, 37.5%, and 8.3% of women had low-, intermediate- and high-risk tumors, respectively. We did not observe racial variation in adjuvant chemotherapy initiation. Several themes emerged from our provider interviews, including organizational, interpersonal, and intrapersonal factors that influenced ODX testing. Overall, we did not find racial disparities in ODX testing for node negative patients for whom the test is guideline-recommended and widely covered by insurers; however, our findings suggested that a newer application of ODX testing for node positive breast cancer was accessed less often by Black than non-Black women. This finding indicates more guideline-concordant treatment, but also may signal slower diffusion of newer test-applications among Black patients. As treatment decision-making becomes increasingly targeted with the use of genetic technologies, it may be important to examine their use across racial subgroups during early adoption.
Modeling the dynamics of dissent
Creators: name: Lee, Eun
name: Holme, Petter
name: Lee, Sang Hoon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: We investigate the formation of opinion against authority in an authoritarian society composed of agents with different levels of authority. We explore a "dissenting" opinion, held by lower-ranking, obedient, or less authoritative people, spreading in an environment of an "affirmative" opinion held by authoritative leaders. A real-world example would be a corrupt society where people revolt against such leaders, but it can be applied to more general situations. In our model, agents can change their opinion depending on their authority relative to their neighbors and their own confidence level. In addition, with a certain probability, agents can override the affirmative opinion to take the dissenting opinion of a neighbor. Based on analytic derivation and numerical simulations, we observe that both the network structure and heterogeneity in authority, and their correlation, significantly affect the possibility of the dissenting opinion to spread through the population. In particular, the dissenting opinion is suppressed when the authority distribution is very heterogeneous and there exists a positive correlation between the authority and the number of neighbors of people (degree). Except for such an extreme case, though, spreading of the dissenting opinion takes place when people have the tendency to override the authority to hold the dissenting opinion, but the dissenting opinion can take a long time to spread to the entire society, depending on the model parameters. We argue that the internal social structure of agents sets the scale of the time to reach consensus, based on the analysis of the underlying structural properties of opinion spreading.
description: 25 pages, 6 figures, 1 table
Identifying and understanding factors that affect the translation of therapies from the laboratory to patients: a study protocol - Extended Data
Creators: name: Lalu, Manoj
name: Hunniford, Victoria
name: Ferguson, Dean
name: Montroy, Joshua
name: Macleod, Malcolm
name: Moher, David
name: Tieu, Alvin
name: Sikora, Lindsey
name: Begley, C.
name: Bubela, Tania
name: Kimmelman, Jonathan
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Translational Medical Research
subject: Medicine and Health Sciences

description: Extended data for a project protocol.
The volume of singular Kähler-Einstein Fano varieties
Creators: name: Liu, Yuchen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We show that the anti-canonical volume of an $n$-dimensional Kähler-Einstein $\mathbb{Q}$-Fano variety is bounded from above by certain invariants of the local singularities, namely $\mathrm{lct}^n\cdot\mathrm{mult}$ for ideals and the normalized volume function for real valuations. This refines a recent result by Fujita. As an application, we get sharp volume upper bounds for Kähler-Einstein Fano varieties with quotient singularities. Based on very recent results by Li and the author, we show that a Fano manifold is K-semistable if and only if a de Fernex-Ein-Mustaţă type inequality holds on its affine cone.
description: 29 pages; comments welcome. v5: referenced corrected, to appear in Compositio Mathematica
An Energy Balance Model for Rapidly and Synchronously Rotating Terrestrial Planets
Creators: name: Haqq-Misra, Jacob
name: Hayworth, Benjamin P. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper describes the Habitable Energy balance model for eXoplaneT ObseRvations (HEXTOR), which is a model for calculating latitudinal temperature profiles on Earth and other rapidly rotating planets. HEXTOR includes a lookup table method for calculating the outgoing infrared radiative flux and planetary albedo, which provides improvements over other approaches at parameterizing radiative transfer in an energy balance model. Validation cases are presented for present-day Earth and other Earth-sized planets with aquaplanet and land planet conditions from 0 to 45 degrees obliquity. A tidally locked coordinate system is also implemented in the energy balance model, which enables calculation of the horizontal temperature profile for planets in synchronous rotation around low mass stars. This coordinate transformed model is applied to cases for TRAPPIST-1e as defined by the TRAPPIST Habitable Atmosphere Intercomparison protocol, which demonstrates better agreement with general circulation models compared to the latitudinal energy balance model. Advances in applying energy balance models to exoplanets can be made by using general circulation models as a benchmark for tuning as well as by conducting intercomparisions between energy balance models with different physical parameterizations.
description: Accepted by the Planetary Science Journal, 14 pages, 6 figures
NICA-MPD: azimuthal and femtoscopic particle correlations
Creators: name: Okorokov, V. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The discussion is focused on the study of the fundamental symmetries ($\mathcal{P/CP}$) of QCD and geometry of the particle source. The combination of correlators corresponding to the absolute asymmetry of distribution of electrically charged particles with respect to the reaction plane in heavy ion collisions is studied. A significant decrease of the absolute asymmetry is observed in the intermediate energy range which can be considered as indication of possible transition to predominance of hadronic states over quark-gluon degrees of freedom in the mixed phase created in heavy ion collisions at intermediate energies. For the investigation of the energy evolution of the geometric properties of the particle source the use of femtoscopic radii scaled on the averaged radius of colliding ions is suggested. This approach allows the expansion of the set of interaction types, in particular, on the collisions of non-symmetrical ion beams which can be studied within the framework of common treatment. There is no sharp changing of femtoscopic parameter values with increasing of the initial energy. The suggestions are made for future advancement of these studies on NICA-MPD.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures. Contribution to the Topical Issue "NICA White Paper". arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1301.0880
On Axisymmetric and Stationary Solutions of the Self-Gravitating Vlasov System
Creators: name: Ames, Ellery
name: Andréasson, Håkan
name: Logg, Anders
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Axisymmetric and stationary solutions are constructed to the Einstein--Vlasov and Vlasov--Poisson systems. These solutions are constructed numerically, using finite element methods and a fixed-point iteration in which the total mass is fixed at each step. A variety of axisymmetric stationary solutions are exhibited, including solutions with toroidal, disk-like, spindle-like, and composite spatial density configurations, as are solutions with non-vanishing net angular momentum. In the case of toroidal solutions, we show for the first time, solutions of the Einstein--Vlasov system which contain ergoregions.
description: 24 pages
L'art et l'arbitraire
Creators: name: Tchibozo, Romuald
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Philosophische Fakultät III
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Afrika
subject: Kunstgeschichte
subject: Afrika Kunst in Deutschland
subject: Theorien
subject: Africa
subject: Art History
subject: Africa Art in Germany
subject: Theories
subject: 700 Künste, Bildende Kunst allgemein
subject: 46 Bildende Kunst
subject: LO 90856

description: Die Frage nach dem Verhältnis zwischen der zeitgenössischen afrikanischen Kunst und den anderen Gesellschaften dieses Planeten kommt mir immer wieder vor wie der Ausdruck einer Trauer im kulturellen und künstlerischen Bereich, die Menschheit seit dem Anfang dieses Jahrhunderts bis heute mit sich trägt. Einerseits ist diese Trauer auf den unerwarteten und plötzlichen tiefen Bruch zwischen Kunst und Sakralem zurückzuführen, der Ende des letzten Jahrhunderts in Europa zustande kam und Afrika in den dreißiger Jahren einholte. Andererseits hatte der Anfang des kalten Krieges mit seinen ideologischen Merkmalen eine derart beeinflussende Rolle, dass sich auf diesem Kontinent eine Kunstform entwickeln können, die sich als modisches Element versteht und jegliche Sakrale Bedeutung verloren hat. Von diesem Augenblick an tritt sein Verhältnis zu den anderen Gesellschaften in eine elitäre Phase ein, die in meiner Arbeit zugrunde liegen wird. In meiner Arbeit habe ich den Einfluss der Epoche des kalten Krieges auf die zeitgenössische afrikanische Kunstproduktion und deren Wahrnehmung insbesondere in Deutschland untersuchen. Es soll ermittelt werden wie in den beiden ehemals getrennten Staaten: DDR und BRD Kunstmarktexperten, Journalisten und allgemein die Verbraucher zeitgenössische afrikanische Kunst einschätzten. Es handelt sich hierbei um ein ideales, in Europa und auf der ganzen Welt einzigartiges Untersuchungsbeispiel, an dem man die in beiden Ländern damals jeweils unterschiedliche Art der kulturellen Organisation sowie das Wahrnehmung und das Verständnis von afrikanischer Kunst herausarbeiten kann.
description: "The Art and Arbitrary: A study for African Contemporary Art perception in western: Germany’s case from 1950 to today", is a study of the art theories, art criticism and philosophic, ethnologic, even journalistic view of African contemporary art in Germany following the Second World War. This study describes the relationship of capitalist and communist ideologies concerning their reception to African contemporary art. By implementing colonial/post-colonial theories, this project examines western perceptions of contemporary African art. What is African contemporary art a product for money, or a product for struggle against imperialism?
NICA fixed target mode: soft jet studies in the relative 4-velocity space
Creators: name: Okorokov, V. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Experimental results obtained by studying the properties of soft jets in the 4-velocity space at $\sqrt{s} \sim 2-20$ GeV are presented. The changes in the mean distance from the jet axis to the jet particles, the mean kinetic energy of these particles, and the cluster dimension in response to the growth of the collision energy are consistent with the assumption that quark degrees of freedom manifest themselves in processes of pion jet production at intermediate energies. The energy at which quark degrees of freedom begin to manifest themselves experimentally in the production of soft pion jets is estimated for the first time. The estimated value of this energy is $2.8 \pm 0.6$ GeV. The suggestions are made for future investigations on NICA.
description: 5 pages, 1 figure, 1 table. Contribution to the Topical Issue "NICA White Paper". arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1308.2406
Η Θεωρία του Μίκη Θεοδωράκη για την Συμπαντική Αρμονία και η Υπέρβαση των Αντιθέσεων του Νεοελληνικού Ψυχισμού
Creators: name: Ναβροζίδου, Παρθένα Χαραλάμπου
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2023
Subjects: Συμπαντική Αρμονία
Μίκης Θεοδωράκης
Θεωρία
Universal Harmony
Mikis Theodorakis
Theory

description: Σκοπός της εργασίας είναι να αναλύσει συστηματικά τη θεωρία του Μίκη Θεοδωράκη για τη Συμπαντική Αρμονία και να παρουσιάσει την επίδραση που έχει ασκήσει στην υπέρβαση των αντιθέσεων του νεοελληνικού ψυχισμού. Θα επιχειρήσουμε να διερευνήσουμε τη θεωρία της Συμπαντικής Αρμονίας, ξεκινώντας από τις ρίζες αυτής της περίτεχνης θεώρησης, εκκινώντας από την αρχαία Ελλάδα μέχρι τον 20ο αιώνα. Σε αυτή τη διαχρονία, οι ήχοι του Σύμπαντος, η γένεση και η ανάπτυξη του τραγουδιού και της μουσικής σε ορισμένα μόνο είδη του πλανήτη, η φύση και τα δομικά στοιχεία της μουσικής, οι σχέσεις της μουσικής με το Σύμπαν, τον εγκέφαλο, το σώμα και τον νου, το "πού" βρίσκεται η μουσική και η διάκρισή της από την επικοινωνιακή μουσικότητα, οι σχέσεις της με την κίνηση, τη συγκίνηση, τον συγχρονισμό με τους άλλους, οι επιδράσεις της στην προσωπική, διαπροσωπική, κοινωνική και πολιτισμική ανάπτυξη, η δυνατότητα να γίνει η μουσική πρότυπο αρμονίας για την ανθρώπινη ύπαρξη και συνύπαρξη, τι συμβαίνει σε κράτη της σύγχρονης Δύσης όταν αστόχαστα προχωρούν με την ψευδαίσθηση μιας επίπλαστης κοινωνικής αρμονίας, και τρεις -ούτως ή άλλως ατελείς- περιγραφές του προσώπου του Μίκη Θεοδωράκη.
description: The purpose of this dissertation is to systematically analyse Mikis Theodorakis’ theory of Universal Harmony and present its influence on overcoming the contradictions of the modern Greek psyche. We will attempt to explore the theory of Universal Harmony by delving into its artistic conception, starting from ancient Greece and extending to the 20th century. Throughout this historical journey, we will examine the sounds of the Universe, the genesis and development of song and music in certain regions of the planet, the nature as well as the structural elements of music, the relationships between music and the Universe, the brain, the body and the mind. We will explore where music resides and its distinction from communicative musicality. We will delve into its connections with movement, emotion, synchronisation with others and its impact on personal, interpersonal, social and cultural development. We will investigate the potential for music to become a harmonious model for human existence and coexistence. Additionally, we will examine what stems in contemporary Western societies when they aimlessly pursue the illusion of artificial social harmony alongside the inherently, incomplete descriptions of Mikis Theodorakis persona.
Possible role of magnetic reconnection in the electromagnetic counterpart of binary black hole merger
Creators: name: Fraschetti, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a qualitative scenario to interpret the argued association between the direct measurement of the gravitational wave event GW150914 by Laser Interferometer Gravitational Wave Observatory (LIGO)-Virgo collaborations and the hard $X$-ray transient detected by Fermi-Gamma-ray Burst Monitor (GBM) $0.4$ sec after. In a binary system of two gravitationally collapsing objects with a non-vanishing electric charge, the compenetration of the two magnetospheres occurring during the coalescence, through magnetic reconnection, produces a highly collimated relativistic outflow that becomes optically thin and shines in the GBM field of view. We propose that this process should be expected as a commonplace in the future joint gravitational/electromagnetic detections and, in case of neutron star-neutron star merger event, might lead to detectable $X$- or $γ$-ray precursors to, or transients associated with, the gravitational bursts.
description: 8 pages; 1 figure. JCAP, in press
Citizen Warriors: French Perception of the American Military, 1777-1779
Creators: name: Osman, Julia
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2006

description: From examining reports of the American Revolution in French newspapers, this thesis evaluates the French perception of the American military from the beginning of the war until the French-American alliance in 1778. During the 1770s, French officers and savants were referring to ancient sources to reform the military’s practical problems and flagging patriotism. One officer, the Comte de Guibert, proposed the French adopt a “citizen army” as the ultimate solution. In this context of reform, the American military appeared to epitomize the patriotism and success of the ancient militaries. The hearty support of the American military that appeared in a government propaganda paper reveals the significance of the American image to the French government and European elite. During these early years of the American Revolution, the press coverage constructed an archetypal image of the American army and militia that informed French officers and enlightenment writers’ understanding of military operations and patriotism.
Software search is not a science, even among scientists: A survey of how scientists and engineers find software
Creators: name: Hucka, Michael
name: Graham, Matthew J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Improved software discovery is a prerequisite for greater software reuse: after all, if someone cannot find software for a particular task, they cannot reuse it. Understanding people's approaches and preferences when they look for software could help improve facilities for software discovery. We surveyed people working in several scientific and engineering fields to better understand their approaches and selection criteria. We found that even among highly-trained people, the rudimentary approaches of relying on general Web searches, the opinions of colleagues, and the literature were still the most commonly used. However, those who were involved in software development differed from nondevelopers in their use of social help sites, software project repositories, software catalogs, and organization-specific mailing lists or forums. For example, software developers in our sample were more likely to search in community sites such as Stack Overflow even when seeking ready-to-run software rather than source code, and likewise, asking colleagues was significantly more important when looking for ready-to-run software. Our survey also provides insight into the criteria that matter most to people when they are searching for ready-to-run software. Finally, our survey also identifies some factors that can prevent people from finding software.
Parallelismi Religiosi tra le Tradizioni Nuragiche, Protoebraiche, Ebraiche e Cristiane: Un'Analisi Comparativa
Creators: name: Usai, Luigi
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Questo paper esplora i parallelismi tra la religione nuragica, protoebraica, ebraica e cristiana, con un focus particolare sul culto del "Toro di Luce" e sulla figura di Gesù Cristo come "Luce del Mondo". L'analisi si basa su evidenze archeologiche e testi antichi, oltre alla recente pubblicazione di Luigi Usai, per offrire una visione integrata delle connessioni e trasformazioni dei simbolismi religiosi attraverso le epoche. Il documento si propone di esaminare come il culto nuragico del toro e la tradizione del vitello d'oro possano riflettere una continuità culturale e simbolica, arrivando ad ipotizzare che il popolo protoebraico sia una migrazione nuragica in terra d'Egitto, mescolatasi con le popolazioni locali, mutando così fino a diventare ciò che verrà poi riconosciuto come il popolo Ebraico; oltre alla presenza di popolazione sarda in Egitto, è presente popolazione e contatti Egizi in Sardegna, aumentando la credibilità di queste ipotesi.
Mass and Metallicity Requirement in Stellar Models for Galactic Chemical Evolution Applications
Creators: name: Côté, Benoit
name: West, Christopher
name: Heger, Alexander
name: Ritter, Christian
name: O'Shea, Brian W.
name: Herwig, Falk
name: Travaglio, Claudia
name: Bisterzo, Sara
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We used a one-zone chemical evolution model to address the question of how many masses and metallicities are required in grids of massive stellar models in order to ensure reliable galactic chemical evolution predictions. We used a set of yields that includes seven masses between 13 and 30 Msun, 15 metallicities between 0 and 0.03 in mass fraction, and two different remnant mass prescriptions. We ran several simulations where we sampled subsets of stellar models to explore the impact of different grid resolutions. Stellar yields from low- and intermediate-mass stars and from Type Ia supernovae have been included in our simulations, but with a fixed grid resolution. We compared our results with the stellar abundances observed in the Milky Way for O, Na, Mg, Si, Ca, Ti, and Mn. Our results suggest that the range of metallicity considered is more important than the number of metallicities within that range, which only affects our numerical predictions by about 0.1 dex. We found that our predictions at [Fe/H] < -2 are very sensitive to the metallicity range and the mass sampling used for the lowest metallicity included in the set of yields. Variations between results can be as high as 0.8 dex, for any remnant mass prescription. At higher [Fe/H], we found that the required number of masses depends on the element of interest and on the remnant mass prescription. With a monotonic remnant mass prescription where every model explodes as a core-collapse supernova, the mass resolution induces variations of 0.2 dex on average. But with a remnant mass prescription that includes islands of non-explodability, the mass resolution can cause variations of about 0.2 to 0.7 dex depending on the choice of metallicity range. With such a prescription, explosive or non-explosive models can be missed if not enough masses are selected, resulting in over- or under-estimations of the mass ejected by massive stars.
description: 14 pages, 2 tables, 14 figures, submitted to MNRAS
Yarrp'ing the Internet: Randomized High-Speed Active Topology Discovery
Creators: name: Beverly, Robert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Obtaining a "snapshot" of the Internet topology remains an elusive task. Existing active topology discovery techniques and systems require significant probing time -- time during which the underlying network may experience transient dynamics. This work considers how active probing can gather the Internet topology in minutes rather than days. Conventional approaches to active topology mapping face two primary speed and scale impediments: i) per-trace state maintenance; and ii) a low-degree of parallelism. Based on this observation, we develop Yarrp (Yelling at Random Routers Progressively), a new traceroute technique designed for high-rate, Internet-scale probing. Yarrp is stateless, reconstituting all necessary information from ICMP replies as they arrive asynchronously. To avoid overloading routers or links with probe traffic, Yarrp randomly permutes an input IP x TTL space. We run Yarrp at 100Kpps, a rate at which the paths to all /24's on the IPv4 Internet can be mapped in approximately one hour from a single vantage point. We compare Yarrp against existing systems, and present examples of topological dynamics exposed via the high sampling rates Yarrp enables.
Διερεύνηση της σημασίας της άσκησης στην πρόληψη της νόσου Alzheimer: Σύγχρονη Συστηματική Βιβλιογραφική ανασκόπηση
Creators: name: Πορτελάνος, Ευάγγελος Κωνσταντίνου
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2023
Subjects: Νόσος Alzheimer
Φυσική δραστηριότητα
Ποιότητα ζωής
Alzheimer’s disease
Physical activity
Quality of life

description: Η παρούσα συστηματική ανασκόπηση αποσκοπεί στη διερεύνηση των προληπτικών ιδιοτήτων της σωματικής άσκησης στη νόσοAlzheimer, αναλύοντας μελέτες που δημοσιεύθηκαν μεταξύ 2020 και 2022. Τα πρωτογενή μέτρα έκβασης περιλαμβάνουν τη νοητική λειτουργία, τους δείκτες φλεγμονής, την αιμάτωση του εγκεφάλου, τη νευρογένεση, την πλαστικότητα του εγκεφάλου, τις αλλοιώσεις της λευκής ουσίας και τους νευροτροφικούς παράγοντες. Η ανασκόπηση επικεντρώνεται στις επιδράσεις των παρεμβάσεων σωματικής άσκησης, συμπεριλαμβανομένης της αερόβιας άσκησης, της άσκησης με αντιστάσεις και άλλων τύπων σωματικής δραστηριότητας σε αυτά τα αποτελέσματα. Τα αποτελέσματα αυτής της ανασκόπησης παρέχουν πληροφορίες σχετικά με τον ρόλο της σωματικής άσκησης στην πρόληψη της νοητικής παρακμής και τους υποκείμενους μηχανισμούς που εμπλέκονται. Τα αποτελέσματα των ερευνών έδειξαν ισχυρή συσχέτιση της μέτριας και υψηλής έντασης άσκησης καθώς και της μέγιστης πρόσληψης οξυγόνου με την νοητική επίδοση. Παράλληλα φάνηκε πως οι ασκήσεις αντιστάσεων συμβάλουν στη ανάσχεση του ρυθμού μείωσης του όγκου του εγκεφάλου. Ωστόσο, τα ευρήματα αυτής της ανασκόπησης πρέπει να ερμηνεύονται με προσοχή λόγω των περιορισμών των μελετών που συμπεριλήφθηκαν και της ετερογένειας των παρεμβάσεων και των μέτρων έκβασης που χρησιμοποιήθηκαν.
description: This systematic review aims to investigate the preventive properties of physical exercise in Alzheimer's disease by analyzing trials published between 2020 to 2022. Primary outcome measures include cognitive function, inflammatory markers, perfusion of the brain, neurogenesis, brain plasticity, white matter lesions, and neurotrophic factors. This review focuses on the effects of physical exercise interventions, including aerobic exercise, resistance training, and other types of physical activity on these outcomes. The results of this review will provide insights into the potential role of physical training in preventing cognitive decline and the underlying mechanisms involved. The results of the studies showed a strong correlation between moderate and high intensity exercise and maximal oxygen uptake to cognitive performance. At the same time, it was shown that resistance exercises contribute to halting the rate of brain volume reduction. However, the findings of this review will need to be interpreted with caution due to the limitations of the included studies and the heterogeneity of the interventions and outcome measures used.
International Aid and Textbook Reform in Post-Soviet Armenia
Creators: name: Gallagher, Branwen
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: In my research, I explore the role of international organizations, the World Bank in particular, in education reform in post-Soviet Armenia. My project highlights the issue of textbook development in the country. Despite over twenty years of international involvement in the Armenian education sector, the country’s textbooks remain of very poor quality. I argue that the interconnected nature of education reform has been a significant factor in the protraction of the textbook development process in Armenia. I further argue that the World Bank, while a significant contributor to the country’s textbook development, failed to pay appropriate attention to two issues that have further stalled the process, the lack of an adequate textbook selection procedure and the absence of guidelines relating to gender and other forms of bias. I conclude with recommendations for further development in the sector.
Kazhdan-Lusztig Theory of super type D and quantum symmetric pairs
Creators: name: Bao, Huanchen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We reformulate the Kazhdan-Lusztig theory for the BGG category $\mathcal{O}$ of Lie algebras of type D via the theory of canonical bases arising from quantum symmetric pairs initiated by Weiqiang Wang and the author. This is further applied to formulate and establish for the first time the Kazhdan-Lusztig theory for the BGG category $\mathcal{O}$ of the ortho-symplectic Lie superalgebra $\mathfrak{osp}(2m|2n)$.
description: Final version. Minor changes from version 1. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1310.0103
Ιστορική και Ανθρωπολογική μελέτη του οστεολογικού υλικού της μεταβυζαντινής δεξαμενής/οστεοφυλάκιο από το εξωκκλήσι «Αϊ-Γιάννης» στο Κάστρο της Σκιάθου
Creators: name: Ντάμτσιος, Παναγιώτης Γρηγορίου
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2023
Subjects: Οστεοφύλαξη
Κάστρο Σκιάθου
Διονυσιακό μετόχι Αγίου Ιωάννη στο Κάστρο της Σκιάθου
Ανθρωπολογική μελέτη αναμειγμένου σκελετικού υλικού
Ossuary practice
Byzantine Castle of Skiathos
nthropological study of commingled skeletal material
The Dionysian Monastery of Agios Ioannis in the Castle of Skiathos

description: Η παρούσα μελέτη επικεντρώνεται στην ιστορική και ανθρωπολογική μελέτη του δευτερογενώς αποθετημένου σκελετικού υλικού εντός της μεταβυζαντινής δεξαμενής, η οποία βρίσκεται στον προαύλιο χώρο του εξωκκλησιού «Αϊ-Γιάννη» στο Κάστρο της Σκιάθου, εκεί που άλλοτε συνυπήρχε το νεκροταφείο του οικισμού. Μέσα από την ανθρωπολογική μελέτη πραγματοποιείται μία πρώτη καταγραφή του αναμειγμένου σκελετικού υλικού του στρώματος 1, με σκοπό τον προσδιορισμό του ελάχιστου αριθμού ατόμων. Από την άλλη, μέσω της ιστορικής μελέτης προσεγγίζονται οι ιστορικές πτυχές (βιοτικό επίπεδο και πληθυσμιακό μέγεθος) του Κάστρου, τα χρονολογικά όρια χρήσης της δεξαμενής, καθώς και το ζήτημα της μετατροπής της σε οστεοφυλάκιο. Τέλος, διενεργείται μία προσπάθεια σύνθεσης των παραπάνω ιστορικό-ανθρωπολογικών δεδομένων, με σκοπό να διεξαχθούν κάποια πρωταρχικά συμπεράσματα για το υπό μελέτη οστεοφυλάκιο, καθώς και να τεθούν κάποια υποθετικά σενάρια για το τι θα μπορούσε να αντανακλάει η εν λόγω ταφική συμπεριφορά στο πλαίσιο της καστρινής Ιστορίας.
description: The present study focuses on the historical and anthropological study of the secondary deposited skeletal material within the post-Byzantine cistern, located in the forecourt of the church of "Ai-Giannis" in the Castle of Skiathos, where the cemetery of the settlement once coexisted. Through the anthropological study, a first recording of the mixed skeletal material of layer 1 is carried out, with the aim of determining the minimum number of individuals. On the other hand, the historical study approaches the historical aspects (biotic level and population size) of the Castle, the chronological limits of use of the cistern, as well as the issue of its conversion into an ossuary. Finally, an attempt is made to synthesize the above historical-anthropological data, in order to draw some primary conclusions about the studied ossuary, as well as to propose some hypothetical scenarios about what this burial behavior could reflect within the context of castle history.
description: Σε συνεργασία με: Ιστορίας και Εθνολογίας (Δημοκρίτειο Πανεπιστήμιο Θράκης)
Direct versus indirect band gap emission and exciton-exciton annihilation in atomically thin molybdenum ditelluride (MoTe$_2$)
Creators: name: Froehlicher, Guillaume
name: Lorchat, Etienne
name: Berciaud, Stéphane
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We probe the room temperature photoluminescence of $N$-layer molybdenum ditelluride (MoTe$_2$) in the continuous wave (cw) regime. The photoluminescence quantum yield of monolayer MoTe$_2$ is three times larger than in bilayer MoTe$_2$ and forty times greater than in the bulk limit. Mono- and bilayer MoTe$_2$ display almost symmetric emission lines at $1.10~\rm eV$ and $1.07~\rm eV$, respectively, which predominantly arise from direct radiative recombination of the A exciton. In contrast, $N\geq3-$layer MoTe$_2$ exhibits a much reduced photoluminescence quantum yield and a broader, redshifted and seemingly bimodal photoluminescence spectrum. The low- and high-energy contributions are attributed to emission from the indirect and direct optical band gaps, respectively. Bulk MoTe$_2$ displays a broad emission line with a dominant contribution at 0.94~eV that is assigned to emission from the indirect optical band gap. As compared to related systems (such as MoS$_2$, MoSe$_2$, WS$_2$ and WSe$_2$), the smaller energy difference between the monolayer direct optical band gap and the bulk indirect optical band gap leads to a smoother increase of the photoluminescence quantum yield as $N$ decreases. In addition, we study the evolution of the photoluminescence intensity in monolayer MoTe$_2$ as a function of the exciton formation rate $W_\mathrm{abs}$ up to $3.6\times 10^{22}~\rm{cm}^{-2} s^{-1}$. The lineshape of the photoluminescence spectrum remains largely independent of $W_\mathrm{abs}$, whereas the photoluminescence intensity grows sub-linearly above $W_\mathrm{abs}\sim 10^{21}~\rm cm^{-2} s^{-1}$. This behavior is assigned to exciton-exciton annihilation and is well-captured by an elementary rate equation model.
"A Walk in the Night" ou l’Espoir ?
Creators: name: Amor, Anis Ben
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Philosophische Fakultät III
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Alex La Guma
subject: Anti-Apartheids-Literatur
subject: Engagierte Literatur
subject: Drum Autoren
subject: Südafrikanische Literatur
subject: Anti-Apartheid Literature
subject: Committed Literature
subject: Drum Writers
subject: South-African Literature
subject: 890 Literatur in anderen Sprachen

description: Die Arbeit hat einen der wichtigsten Romane der frühen Anti-Apartheids-Literatur zum Gegenstand, Alex La Guma´s “A Walk in the Night“. Dieses Werk reflektiert die frühe Phase des literarischen Schaffens von Alex La Guma und ist ein relevantes Beispiel der „littérature engagée“ aus Südafrika der 1950er und 1960er Jahre. Die vorliegende Arbeit stützt sich zum größten Teil auf einem „Close Reading“ des erwähnten Romans von Alex La Guma und beschreibt die literaturpolitische Landschaft sowie den Standpunkt schwarzer Schriftstellerinnen und Schriftsteller der sogenannten „Drum Generation“ unter der Apartheid.
description: This work treats one of the most important novels of the Anti-Apartheid Literature, “A Walk in the Night” by the author Alex La Guma. This work reflects the early stages of the literary creation of Alex La Guma and presents a significant example of the “littérature engagée” from South Africa during the 1950s and 1960s. Furthermore, this paper is based mainly on a close reading of the mentioned novel of Alex La Guma and treats the South African literary history as well as the standpoint of the Black writers of the so called “Drum generation” under the Apartheid.
Parallelismi Religiosi tra le Tradizioni Nuragiche, Protoebraiche, Ebraiche e Cristiane: Un'Analisi Comparativa
Creators: name: Usai, Luigi
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Questo paper esplora i parallelismi tra la religione nuragica, protoebraica, ebraica e cristiana, con un focus particolare sul culto del "Toro di Luce" e sulla figura di Gesù Cristo come "Luce del Mondo". L'analisi si basa su evidenze archeologiche e testi antichi, oltre alla recente pubblicazione di Luigi Usai, per offrire una visione integrata delle connessioni e trasformazioni dei simbolismi religiosi attraverso le epoche. Il documento si propone di esaminare come il culto nuragico del toro e la tradizione del vitello d'oro possano riflettere una continuità culturale e simbolica, arrivando ad ipotizzare che il popolo protoebraico sia una migrazione nuragica in terra d'Egitto, mescolatasi con le popolazioni locali, mutando così fino a diventare ciò che verrà poi riconosciuto come il popolo Ebraico.
The trapping effect on degenerate horizons
Creators: name: Angelopoulos, Yannis
name: Aretakis, Stefanos
name: Gajic, Dejan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We show that degenerate horizons exhibit a new trapping effect. Specifically, we obtain a non-degenerate Morawetz estimate for the wave equation in the domain of outer communications of extremal Reissner-Nordstrom up to and including the future event horizon. We show that such an estimate requires 1) a higher degree of regularity for the initial data, reminiscent of the regularity loss in the high-frequency trapping estimates on the photon sphere, and 2) the vanishing of an explicit quantity that depends on the restriction of the initial data on the horizon. The latter condition demonstrates that degenerate horizons exhibit a global trapping effect (in the sense that this effect is not due to individual underlying null geodesics as in the case of the photon sphere). We moreover uncover a new stable higher-order trapping effect; we show that higher-order estimates do not hold regardless of the degree of regularity and the support of the initial data. We connect our findings to the spectrum of the stability operator in the theory of marginally outer trapped surfaces (MOTS). Our methods and results play a crucial role in our upcoming works on linear and non-linear wave equations on extremal black hole backgrounds.
description: 38 pages, 4 figures
The effect of exercise in the heat on circulating tumor necrosis factor-α concentration
Creators: name: Berry, Mark P.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: To examine the effect of a hot environment on the TNF-α response to exercise, eight male subjects (24 ± 1.7 years of age, 1.80 ± 0.06 m, 78.3 ± 6.06 kg, 24.2 ± 1.9 mg/m2, 53.8 ± 3.7 ml/kg/min; mean ± SD) completed two, 40 min underwater cycling sessions at an intensity of 65% VO2peak. One session took place while submerged in cool water (25.5 ± 0.02°C) and the other in hot water (38.1 ± 0.06°C). TNF-α concentration was determined by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay from blood samples obtained immediately prior to, immediately post and two-hours after each exercise session. The pre-exercise TNF-α concentration for the cool and hot trials was 1.76 ± 0.94 and 1.58 ± 1.09, while the postexercise concentration was 1.62 ± .81 and 1.54 ± 1.03, and the two hour post-exercise was 1.75 ± 0.80 and 1.63 ± 1.03, respectively. No significant differences were found between the pre, post-exercise or two hour post-exercise TNF-α concentration within or between the exercise bouts (p > 0.05). No statistically significant relationship was found between change in core temperature and change in TNF-α concentration (r = .366; p > 0.05). The results of the present study suggest that forty minutes of moderate-intensity exercise in a cool or hot environment does not elevate TNF-α concentration immediately post or two hours postexercise.
Asymptotic Distribution and Detection Thresholds for Two-Sample Tests Based on Geometric Graphs
Creators: name: Bhattacharya, Bhaswar B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 62F10, 62F12, 60K35, 82B44

description: In this paper, we consider the problem of testing the equality of two multivariate distributions based on geometric graphs constructed using the interpoint distances between the observations. These include the tests based on the minimum spanning tree and the $K$-nearest neighbor (NN) graphs, among others. These tests are asymptotically distribution-free, universally consistent and computationally efficient, making them particularly useful in modern applications. However, very little is known about the power properties of these tests. In this paper, using the theory of stabilizing geometric graphs, we derive the asymptotic distribution of these tests under general alternatives, in the Poissonized setting. Using this, the detection threshold and the limiting local power of the test based on the $K$-NN graph are obtained, where interesting exponents depending on dimension emerge. This provides a way to compare and justify the performance of these tests in different examples.
description: 66 pages
The Red Apple healthy food environments in hospitals project: a qualitative analysis of the implementation process
Creators: name: Neffa, Deborah
Publisher: name: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
Year: 2011

description: Increases in adult obesity and employee health care costs have lead many health services organizations, but only some hospitals in the United States, to develop health promotion programs. In 2008, NC Prevention Partners disseminated a food environment project designed to improve nutrition in 129 North Carolina hospitals. By March 2011, 86 of the hospitals had reached full implementation (Red Apple status). Fifty-three managers and staff who implemented the project in nine Red Apple hospitals were interviewed about the implementation process. Grounded theory analysis of the interviews revealed that feedback and support from top-level hospital administrators, fellow project implementers, and NCPP were necessary for implementation success. The analysis also revealed that the project's implementation and maintenance stages were influenced by informal direct and indirect feedback from target audiences, and that feedback helped implementers see the project as beneficial to employee health and to the hospital. Implications for future interventions are discussed.
Generation of hybrid entanglement between a mirror and a trapped ion
Creators: name: Corrêa, Clóvis
name: Vidiella-Barranco, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a scheme for cavity-assisted generation of hybrid entanglement between a moving mirror belonging to an optomechanical cavity and a single trapped ion located inside a second cavity. Due to radiation pressure, it is possible to entangle the moving mirror with one of the cavity fields. Also, by tuning the second cavity field with the internal degrees of freedom of the ion, an entangled state of the cavity field/ion can be independently generated. The fields leaking from each cavity are then combined in a beam-splitter, and following the detection of the outgoing photons by conveniently placed photodetectors, we show that it is possible to generate entangled states of the moving mirror and the single trapped ion subsystems. In our scheme the generated states are hybrid entangled states, in the sense that they are constituted by discrete (Fock) states and continuous variable (coherent) states.
description: Misprints corrected; new figure
The Infinitesimal Phase Response Curves of Oscillators in Piecewise Smooth Dynamical Systems
Creators: name: Park, Youngmin
name: Shaw, Kendrick M.
name: Chiel, Hillel J.
name: Thomas, Peter J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The asymptotic phase $θ$ of an initial point $x$ in the stable manifold of a limit cycle identifies the phase of the point on the limit cycle to which the flow $ϕ_t(x)$ converges as $t\to\infty$. The infinitesimal phase response curve (iPRC) quantifies the change in timing due to a small perturbation of a limit cycle trajectory. For a stable limit cycle in a smooth dynamical system the iPRC is the gradient $\nabla_x(θ)$ of the phase function, which can be obtained via the adjoint of the variational equation. For systems with discontinuous dynamics, the standard approach to obtaining the iPRC fails. We derive a formula for the infinitesimal phase response curves (iPRCs) of limit cycles occurring in piecewise smooth (Filipov) dynamical systems of arbitrary dimension, subject to a transverse flow condition. Discontinuous jumps in the iPRC can occur at the boundaries separating subdomains, and are captured by a linear matching condition. The matching matrix, $M$, can be derived from the saltation matrix arising in the associated variational problem. For the special case of linear dynamics away from switching boundaries, we obtain an explicit expression for the iPRC. We present examples from cell biology (Glass networks) and neuroscience (central pattern generator models). We apply the iPRCs obtained to study synchronization and phase-locking in piecewise smooth limit cycle systems in which synchronization arises solely due to the crossing of switching manifolds.
description: 37 pages, 10 figures