cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: Associations between motor proficiency and motor creativity amongst 5-6-year-old children from deprived areas of North West England
Creators: name: Cid I Centelles, A
Publisher: name: Liverpool John Moores University
Year: 2021

description: Participation in physical activity (PA) is essential for the promotion of physical and mental health outcomes, but children in the UK are not meeting the recommended amounts of PA. Existing literature has linked children’s levels of physical activity to the development of motor competence. Two important components of motor competence are motor proficiency and motor creativity, however limited research has examined their prevalence and relationship in deprived young children. The aim of this study was to examine associations between motor proficiency and motor creativity, as well as to explore gender and age effects on these variables in children aged 5 to 6 years old from areas of high deprivation. This cross-sectional study was realised from the baseline data obtained from a larger project called SAMPLE-PE. A total of 360 children aged 5 to 6 years were recruited, however many children had some missing data and had to be removed from the study. The final sample included 221 children from deprived areas (low SES). The Test of Gross Motor Development (TGMD-3) was used to qualitatively assesses gross motor proficiency in locomotor and ball skills; the test of Stability Skills, was used to measure the stability skill component of motor proficiency. To assess motor creativity the Divergent Movement Ability test (DMA) was used. Associations between motor proficiency and motor creativity were explored using the Pearson’s correlation (bivariate correlations) and the multilevel mixed linear regression. Children’s motor proficiency and motor creativity scores demonstrated a positive but weak relationship. Age was positively related to motor proficiency, indicating that older children demonstrated higher levels of motor proficiency; conversely, age was not associated with total motor creativity. Gender was not associated with total motor proficiency nor total motor creativity. However, gender was associated with all motor proficiency subtests, girls outperformed boys in locomotor and stability skills whereas boys demonstrated higher performance at ball skills. Gender was also associated to motor creativity object control subtest, where boys performed better than girls. The main finding revealed positive but weak associations between motor creativity and motor proficiency. This suggests that these two constructs develop by different means and strategies and are influenced by different biological, psychological and environmental factors. These results suggest that longitudinal research is needed to better understand the nature of the associations between motor creativity and motor proficiency, as well as to understand how motor creativity develops over time and between genders. Future research is needed on the influence of socioeconomic status on the relationship between motor creativity and motor proficiency.
An SYK-inspired model with density-density interactions: spectral & wave function statistics, Green's function and phase diagram
Creators: name: Dieplinger, Johannes
name: Bera, Soumya
name: Evers, Ferdinand
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Sachdev-Ye-Kitaev (SYK) model is a rare example of a strongly-interacting system that is analytically tractable. Tractability arises because the model is largely structureless by design and therefore artificial: while the interaction is restricted to two-body terms, interaction matrix elements are "randomized" and therefore the corresponding interaction operator does not commute with the local density. Unlike conventional density-density-type interactions, the SYK-interaction is, in this sense, not integrable. We here investigate a variant of the (complex) SYK model, which restores this integrability. It features a randomized single-body term and a density-density-type interaction. We present numerical investigations suggesting that the model exhibits two integrable phases separated by several intermediate phases including a chaotic one. The chaotic phase carries several characteristic SYK-signatures including in the spectral statistics and the frequency scaling of the Green's function and therefore should be adiabatically connected to the non-Fermi liquid phase of the original SYK model. Thus, our model Hamiltonian provides a bridge from the SYK-model towards microscopic realism.
description: 9 pages, 7 figures
Specific heat of the iron-based high-$T_c$ superconductor SmO$_{1-x}$F$_x$FeAs
Creators: name: Ding, L.
name: He, C.
name: Dong, J. K.
name: Wu, T.
name: Liu, R. H.
name: Chen, X. H.
name: Li, S. Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The specific heat $C(T)$ of new iron-based high-$T_c$ superconductor SmO$_{1-x}$F$_x$FeAs ($0 \leq x \leq 0.2$) was systematically studied. For undoped $x$ = 0 sample, a specific heat jump was observed at 130 K. This is attributed to the structural or spin-density-wave (SDW) transition, which also manifests on resistivity as a rapid drop. However, this jump disappears with slight F doping in $x$ = 0.05 sample, although the resistivity drop still exists. The specific heat $C/T$ shows clear anomaly near $T_c$ for $x$ = 0.15 and 0.20 superconducting samples. Such anomaly has been absent in LaO$_{1-x}$F$_x$FeAs. For the parent compound SmOFeAs, $C(T)$ shows a sharp peak at 4.6 K, and with electron doping in $x$ = 0.15 sample, this peak shifts to 3.7 K. It is interpreted that such a sharp peak results from the antiferromagnetic ordering of Sm$^{3+}$ ions in this system, which mimics the electron-doped high-$T_c$ cuprate Sm$_{2-x}$Ce$_x$CuO$_{4-δ}$.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures
Enel: Context-Aware Dynamic Scaling of Distributed Dataflow Jobs using Graph Propagation
Creators: name: Scheinert, Dominik
name: Zhu, Houkun
name: Thamsen, Lauritz
name: Geldenhuys, Morgan K.
name: Will, Jonathan
name: Acker, Alexander
name: Kao, Odej
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Distributed dataflow systems like Spark and Flink enable the use of clusters for scalable data analytics. While runtime prediction models can be used to initially select appropriate cluster resources given target runtimes, the actual runtime performance of dataflow jobs depends on several factors and varies over time. Yet, in many situations, dynamic scaling can be used to meet formulated runtime targets despite significant performance variance. This paper presents Enel, a novel dynamic scaling approach that uses message propagation on an attributed graph to model dataflow jobs and, thus, allows for deriving effective rescaling decisions. For this, Enel incorporates descriptive properties that capture the respective execution context, considers statistics from individual dataflow tasks, and propagates predictions through the job graph to eventually find an optimized new scale-out. Our evaluation of Enel with four iterative Spark jobs shows that our approach is able to identify effective rescaling actions, reacting for instance to node failures, and can be reused across different execution contexts.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures, 3 tables
The critical behaviour of ethylene and hydrogen
Creators: name: De Bruyn, John Roy
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Optical techniques have been used to study the behaviour of ethylene and hydrogen near their liquid-vapour critical points. From measurements of the coexistence curve of ethylene over the reduced temperature range 1.5 x 10⁻⁶ < t < 4.5 x 10⁻², where t — (Tc — T)/Tc and Tc is the critical temperature, we find the critical exponent β = 0.327±.002 and the corrections-to-scaling exponent ∆ = 0.46±.02. Similar measurements for hydrogen over the range 3.2 x 10⁻⁵ < t < 7.0 x 10⁻² give β = 0.326 ± .002 and ∆ = 0.46 ± .02. Measurements of the compressibility of hydrogen give the critical exponent [Formula Omitted] = 1.19 ± .05 and the critical amplitude ratio [Formula Omitted] = 5.2 ± .4. With the exception of ∆, which is slightly lower than its predicted value of 0.5, the results for these universal quantities are in agreement with theoretical predictions. The leading coexistence curve amplitude for hydrogen, B₀ = 1.19±.03, is lower than the corresponding values for ethylene, B₀ = 1.56 ± .03, and for other room-temperature fluids. This decrease is in qualitative agreement with the predictions of a theory of quantum effects on critical behaviour. Measurements of the coexistence curve diameter for both fluids show an anomaly near the critical point having a form consistent with the predicted t¹⁻α temperature dependence. These results are in agreement with a recent theory of the effects of many-body forces on the diameter; the hydrogen data indicate that these forces are attractive in that fluid. This suggests that quantum mechanical exchange interactions are important near the critical point of hydrogen.
Exceptional orthogonal polynomials, exactly solvable potentials and supersymmetry
Creators: name: Quesne, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct two new exactly solvable potentials giving rise to bound-state solutions to the Schrödinger equation, which can be written in terms of the recently introduced Laguerre- or Jacobi-type $X_1$ exceptional orthogonal polynomials. These potentials, extending either the radial oscillator or the Scarf I potential by the addition of some rational terms, turn out to be translationally shape invariant as their standard counterparts and isospectral to them.
description: 10 pages, no figure, published version (http://stacks.iop.org/1751-8121/41/392001)
Dynamical inverse seesaw mechanism as a simple benchmark for electroweak breaking and Higgs boson studies
Creators: name: Mandal, Sanjoy
name: Romão, Jorge C.
name: Srivastava, Rahul
name: Valle, José W. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Standard Model(SM) vacuum is unstable for the measured values of the top Yukawa coupling and Higgs mass. Here we study the issue of vacuum stability when neutrino masses are generated through spontaneous low-scale lepton number violation. In the simplest dynamical inverse seesaw, the SM Higgs has two siblings: a massive CP-even scalar plus a massless Nambu-Goldstone boson, called majoron. For TeV scale breaking of lepton number, Higgs bosons can have a sizeable decay into the invisible majorons. We examine the interplay and complementarity of vacuum stability and perturbativity restrictions, with collider constraints on visible and invisible Higgs boson decay channels. This simple framework may help guiding further studies, for example, at the proposed FCC facility.
description: 40 pages, 19 figures
Supersymmetric D-branes on SU(2) structure manifolds
Creators: name: Mariotti, Alberto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We employ generalized complex geometry to investigate supersymmetric embeddings of D-brane probes in a large class of SU(2) structure manifolds. This class includes the gravity dual of mass deformation and marginal beta deformation of N=4 SYM gauge theory. We find supersymmetric configurations of D-branes with different dimensionality and propose their interpretation in the dual gauge theory.
description: Minor corrections, published in JHEP
A Numerical Unitarity Formalism for Evaluating One-Loop Amplitudes
Creators: name: Ellis, R. K.
name: Giele, W. T.
name: Kunszt, Z.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent progress in unitarity techniques for one-loop scattering amplitudes makes a numerical implementation of this method possible. We present a 4-dimensional unitarity method for calculating the cut-constructible part of amplitudes and implement the method in a numerical procedure. Our technique can be applied to any one-loop scattering amplitude and offers the possibility that one-loop calculations can be performed in an automatic fashion, as tree-level amplitudes are currently done. Instead of individual Feynman diagrams, the ingredients for our one-loop evaluation are tree-level amplitudes, which are often already known. To study the practicality of this method we evaluate the cut-constructible part of the 4, 5 and 6 gluon one-loop amplitudes numerically, using the analytically known 4, 5 and 6 gluon tree-level amplitudes. Comparisons with analytic answers are performed to ascertain the numerical accuracy of the method.
description: 29 pages with 8 figures; references updated in rsponse to readers' suggestions
William Bennett House, 43 N Main Street
Creators: name: Weber, Harvey A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1970
Subjects: Photographs
Photos
Historic buildings
East Hampton
Structures
Dwellings
Main Street

description: This image shows the William Bennett House located at 43 N Main Street in East Hampton. This image was taken by photographer Harvey A. Weber (1917-1991) and is part of the East Hampton’s Heritage Photo Collection.
description: Images within East Hampton Heritage Photo Collection seem to have been taken or collected in relation to the East Hampton Heritage project, but not all of them were included in the final publication. Several photographer are included in this collection.
Null hypersurface caustics for high dimensional superentropic black holes
Creators: name: Wu, Di
name: Wu, Puxun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A black hole is superentropic if it violates the reverse isoperimetric inequality. Recently, some studies have indicated that some four dimensional superentropic black holes have the null hypersurface caustics (NHC) outside their event horizons. In this paper, we extend to explore whether or not the NHC exists in the cases of high dimensional superentropic black holes. We consider the singly rotating Kerr-AdS superentropic black holes in arbitrary dimensions and the singly rotating charged superentropic black hole in five-dimensional minimal gauged supergravity, and find that the NHC exists outside the event horizons for these superentropic black holes. Furthermore, the spacetime dimensions and other parameters of black hole, such as the electric charge, have important impact on the NHC inside the horizon. Our results indicate that when the superentropic black hole has the Cauchy horizon, the NHC will also exist inside the Cauchy horizon.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures, to appear in PRD
Estimating the impact of mixed QCD-electroweak corrections on the $W$-mass determination at the LHC
Creators: name: Behring, Arnd
name: Buccioni, Federico
name: Caola, Fabrizio
name: Delto, Maximilian
name: Jaquier, Matthieu
name: Melnikov, Kirill
name: Röntsch, Raoul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the impact of the recently computed mixed QCD-electroweak corrections to the production of $W$ and $Z$ bosons at the LHC on the value of the $W$ mass extracted from the transverse momentum distribution of charged leptons from $W$ decays. Using the average lepton transverse momenta in $W$ and $Z$ decays as simplified observables for the determination of the $W$ mass, we estimate that mixed QCD-electroweak corrections can shift the extracted value of the $W$ mass by up to ${\cal O}(20)~{\rm MeV}$, depending on the kinematic cuts employed to define fiducial cross sections for $Z$ and $W$ production. Since the target precision of the $W$-mass measurement at the LHC is ${\cal O}(10)~{\rm MeV}$, our results emphasize the need for fully-differential computations of mixed QCD-electroweak corrections and a careful analysis of their potential impact on the determination of the $W$ mass.
description: 6 pages
Discrete versus continuous wires on quantum networks
Creators: name: Aharony, Amnon
name: Entin-Wohlman, Ora
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Mesoscopic systems and large molecules are often modeled by graphs of one-dimensional wires, connected at vertices. In this paper we discuss the solutions of the Schrödinger equation on such graphs, which have been named "quantum networks". Such solutions are needed for finding the energy spectrum of single electrons on such finite systems or for finding the transmission of electrons between leads which connect such systems to reservoirs. Specifically, we compare two common approaches. In the "continuum" approach, one solves the one-dimensional Schrödinger equation on each continuous wire, and then uses the Neumann-Kirchoff-de Gennes matching conditions at the vertices. Alternatively, one replaces each wire by a finite number of "atoms", and then uses the tight binding model for the solution. Here we show that these approaches cannot generally give the same results, except for special energies. Even in the limit of vanishing lattice constant, the two approaches coincide only if the tight binding parameters obey very special relations. The different consequences of the two approaches are demonstrated via the example of a T-shaped scatterer.
description: Special P G de Gennes memorial issue, JPC
Effects of ambipolar diffusion on waves in the solar chromosphere
Creators: name: Braileanu, Beatrice Popescu
name: Keppens, Rony
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The chromosphere is a partially ionized layer of the solar atmosphere, the transition between the photosphere where the gas motion is determined by the gas pressure and the corona dominated by the magnetic field. We study the effect of partial ionization for 2D wave propagation in a gravitationally stratified, magnetized atmosphere with properties similar to the solar chromosphere. We adopt an oblique uniform magnetic field in the plane of propagation with strength suitable for a quiet sun region. The theoretical model used is a single fluid magnetohydrodynamic approximation, where ion-neutral interaction is modeled by the ambipolar diffusion term. Magnetic energy can be converted into internal energy through the dissipation of the electric current produced by the drift between ions and neutrals. We use numerical simulations where we continuously drive fast waves at the bottom of the atmosphere. The collisional coupling between ions and neutrals decreases with the decrease of the density and the ambipolar effect becomes important. Fast waves excited at the base of the atmosphere reach the equipartition layer and reflect or transmit as slow waves. While the waves propagate through the atmosphere and the density drops, the waves steepen into shocks. The main effect of ambipolar diffusion is damping of the waves. We find that for the parameters chosen in this work, the ambipolar diffusion affects the fast wave before it is reflected, with damping being more pronounced for waves which are launched in a direction perpendicular to the magnetic field. Slow waves are less affected by ambipolar effects. The damping increases for shorter periods and larger magnetic field strengths. Small scales produced by the nonlinear effects and the superposition of different types of waves created at the equipartition height are efficiently damped by ambipolar diffusion.
The role of metallic impurities in oxide semiconductors: first-principles calculations and PAC experiments
Creators: name: Errico, L. A.
name: Fabricius, G.
name: Renteria, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report an ab-initio comparative study of the electric-field-gradient tensor (EFG) and structural relaxations introduced by acceptor (Cd) and donor (Ta) impurities when they replace cations in a series of binary oxides: TiO2, SnO2, and In2O3. Calculations were performed with the Full-Potential Linearized-Augmented Plane Waves method that allows us to treat the electronic structure and the atomic relaxations in a fully self-consistent way. We considered different charge states for each impurity and studied the dependence on these charge states of the electronic properties and the structural relaxations. Our results are compared with available data coming from PAC experiments and previous calculations, allowing us to obtain a new insight on the role that metal impurities play in oxide semiconductors. It is clear from our results that simple models can not describe the measured EFGs at impurities in oxides even approximately.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures, and 1 table, published in Physica Status Solidi (b)
STRESS AND ADJUSTMENT OF PARENTS WITH CHILDREN WITH INTELLECTUAL DISABILITIES
Creators: name: Chandrakala Ashok
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Parents of children with intellectual disabilities (ID) encounter a myriad of challenges that significantly impact their lives, leading to heightened levels of stress and necessitating considerable adjustments. Intellectual disabilities, characterized by substantial limitations in both intellectual functioning and adaptive behaviour, demand continuous care and tailored support, profoundly influencing family dynamics. This research paper aims to delve into the specific stressors that parents of children with ID face, such as financial burdens, social isolation, and concerns about the future. Additionally, it seeks to analyse the coping mechanisms these parents employ, which range from problem-focused strategies, like seeking information and support, to emotion-focused strategies, such as engaging in leisure activities and seeking professional counselling. By exploring the complex interplay between stress and adjustment, the study aims to assess the overall impact of these factors on the mental and emotional well-being of the parents. The research highlights how effective coping mechanisms and robust support systems can mitigate stress and enhance parents' ability to adapt to their challenging circumstances. The findings are expected to provide valuable insights into the types of support systems and interventions that can be developed to improve the quality of life for parents of children with intellectual disabilities and their families. These insights are crucial for informing policymakers, healthcare providers, and social workers, guiding the creation of targeted programs and resources to support these parents effectively. Ultimately, the study aims to contribute to the broader understanding of the needs of families with children with intellectual disabilities, fostering a more inclusive and supportive environment for these families.
How many black holes fit on the head of a pin?
Creators: name: Denef, Frederik
name: Moore, Gregory W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Bekenstein-Hawking entropy of certain black holes can be computed microscopically in string theory by mapping the elusive problem of counting microstates of a strongly gravitating black hole to the tractable problem of counting microstates of a weakly coupled D-brane system, which has no event horizon, and indeed comfortably fits on the head of a pin. We show here that, contrary to widely held beliefs, the entropy of spherically symmetric black holes can easily be dwarfed by that of stationary multi-black-hole ``molecules'' of the same total charge and energy. Thus, the corresponding pin-sized D-brane systems do not even approximately count the microstates of a single black hole, but rather those of a zoo of entropically dominant multicentered configurations.
description: 4 pages, fourth prize in the Gravity Research Foundation Essay competition 2007
สัมฤทธิผลการนำนโยบายการคลังไปปฏิบัติ ระหว่างปีพุทธศักราช 2544-2554
Creators: name: วรัญญู เทพหัสดิน ณ อยุธยา
name: เพ็ญพิสุทธิ์ ไชยกาญจน์
name: สอาด บรรเจิดฤทธิ์
name: ธีรทร วัฒนกูล
Publisher: name: สมาคมนักวิจัย
Year: 2557
Subjects: สัมฤทธิผล,การนำนโยบายการคลังไปปฏิบัติ

description: 2, 19, วารสารสมาคมนักวิจัย
บทวิจารณ์หนังสือ : สังคมกดขี่ ความดี และความเลว ในวรรณกรรมเยาวชนเรื่อง พันธนาการสองเผ่าพันธ์ุ
Creators: name: ทินกฤต สิรีรัตน์
Publisher: name: ศูนย์คุณธรรม (องค์การมหาชน)
Year: 2014
Subjects: มนุษย์ดัดแปลง,ไซไฟแฟนตาซี,กดขี,ศีลธรรม,ธรรมชาติ,กินคน

description: 1, 3, วารสารวิชาการคุณธรรมความดี
X-ray flaring from the young stars in CygnusOB2
Creators: name: Colombo, J. F. Albacete
name: Caramazza, M.
name: Flaccomio, E.
name: Micela, G.
name: Sciortino, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Aims: We characterize individual and ensemble properties of X-ray flares from stars in the CygOB2 and ONC star-forming regions. Method: We analyzed X-ray lightcurves of 1003 CygOB2 sources observed with Chandra for 100 ksec and of 1616 ONC sources detected in the ``Chandra Orion Ultra-deep Project'' 850 ksec observation. We employed a binning-free maximum likelihood method to segment the light-curves into intervals of constants signal and identified flares on the basis of both the amplitude and the time-derivative of the source luminosity. We then derived and compared the flare frequency and energy distribution of CygOB2 and ONC sources. The effect of the length of the observation on these results was investigated by repeating the statistical analysis on five 100 ksec-long segments extracted from the ONC data. Results: We detected 147 and 954 flares from the CygOB2 and ONC sources, respectively. The flares in CygOB2 have decay times ranging from ~0.5 to about 10 hours. The flare energy distributions of all considered flare samples are described at high energies well by a power law with index alpha=-(2.1+-0.1). At low energies, the distributions flatten, probably because of detection incompleteness. We derived average flare frequencies as a function of flare energy. The flare frequency is seen to depend on the source's intrinsic X-ray luminosity, but its determination is affected by the length of the observation. The slope of the high-energy tail of the energy distribution is, however, affected little. A comparison of CygOB2 and ONC sources, accounting for observational biases, shows that the two populations, known to have similar X-ray emission levels, have very similar flare activity.
description: Accepted for publication in A&A, 11 pages, 9 figures
Self diffusion of particles in complex fluids: temporary cages and permanent barriers
Creators: name: Bier, Markus
name: van Roij, Rene
name: Dijkstra, Marjolein
name: van der Schoot, Paul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the self diffusion of individual particles in dense (non-)uniform complex fluids within dynamic density functional theory and explicitly account for their coupling to the temporally fluctuating background particles. Applying the formalism to rod-like particles in uniaxial nematic and smectic liquid crystals, we find correlated diffusion in different directions: The temporary cage formed by the neighboring particles competes with permanent barriers in periodic inhomogeneous systems such as the lamellar smectic state and delays self diffusion of particles even in uniform systems. We compare our theory with recent experimental data on the self diffusion of fluorescently labelled filamentous virus particles in aqueous dispersions in the smectic phase and find qualitative agreement. This demonstrates the importance of explicitly dealing with the time-dependent self-consistent molecular field that every particle experiences.
description: submitted
Hyperthermophilic Archae- and Eubacteria occurring within Indonesian Hydrothermal Areas
Creators: name: Huber, Gertrud
name: Huber, Robert
name: Jones, B. E.
name: Lauerer, G.
name: Neuner, A.
name: Segerer, A.
name: Stetter, Karl Otto
name: Degens, E. T.
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 1992

description: From 85 samples taken during cruise 45B of the R/V SONNE within the Sunda Arc subduction zone and from solfatara fields in Java, thermophilic and hyperthermophilic archae- and eubacteria were isolated. The archaebacteria belong to the genera Methanobacterium, Methanolobus, Methanosarcina, Acidianus, Thermoproteus, Desulfurococcus, Thermoplasma and to two up to now unknown genera of hyperthermophilic marine heterotrophs and continental metal mobilizers. The eubacterial hyperthermophilic isolates are a new species of Thermotoga and a novel strictly anaerobe, thriving by H2/N03"-autotrophy.
The diffeomorphism groups of the real line are pairwise bihomeomorphic
Creators: name: Banakh, Taras
name: Yagasaki, Tatsuhiko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: General Topology (math.GN)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 57S05, 58D05, 58D15

description: We prove that the group D^r(R) of C^r diffeomorphisms of the real line, endowed with the compact-open and Whitney C^r topologies, is bihomeomorphic to the group H(R) of homeomorphisms of the real line endowed with the compact-open and Whitney topologies. This implies that the diffeomorphism group D^r(R) endowed with the Whitney C^r topology is homeomorphic to the countable box-power of the separable Hilbert space.
description: 14 pages
Gravitational waves from melting cosmic strings
Creators: name: Emond, William T.
name: Ramazanov, Sabir
name: Samanta, Rome
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Appearance of cosmic strings in the early Universe is a common manifestation of new physics typically linked to some high energy scale. In this paper, we discuss a different situation, where a model underlying cosmic string formation is approximately scale free. String tension is naturally related to the square of the temperature of the hot primordial plasma in such a setting, and hence decreases with (cosmic) time. With gravitational backreaction neglected, the dynamics of these melting strings in an expanding Universe is equivalent to the dynamics of constant tension strings in a Minkowski spacetime. We provide an estimate for the emission of gravitational waves from string loops. Contrary to the standard case, the resulting spectrum is markedly non-flat and has a characteristic falloff at frequencies below the peak one. The peak frequency is defined by the underlying model and lies in the range accessible by the future detectors for very weak couplings involved.
description: 24 pages, 1 figure; clarifications added, typos fixed, figure updated; matches published version
Slow relaxation of conductance of amorphous hopping insulators
Creators: name: Burin, A. L.
name: Kozub, V. I.
name: Galperin, Y. M.
name: Vinokur, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss memory effects in the conductance of hopping insulators due to slow rearrangements of structural defects leading to formation of polarons close to the electron hopping states. An abrupt change in the gate voltage and corresponding shift of the chemical potential change populations of the hopping sites, which then slowly relax due to rearrangements of structural defects. As a result, the density of hopping states becomes time dependent on a scale relevant to rearrangement of the structural defects leading to the excess time dependent conductivity.
description: 6 pages, 1 figure
Anomalous Magnetic Moment of the W Boson in Different Models
Creators: name: Couture, Gilles
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: We consider the anomalous magnetic moment of the W boson, ĸ, from an experimental and from a theoretical point of view. In the first chapter,we consider five experiments where this parameter could in principle be measured. Our results show that the W pair-production remains the best process to measure ĸ. Single W production is very sensitive to ĸ, but it is plagued by very small cross-sections. Photon-electron colliders can also be valuable for measuring ĸ through single W production. In the second chapter, we consider a composite model where ĸ is essentially free. We found that it is impossible to rule out such a model from a single measurement of ĸ. We give detailed production rates for these processes. In the second half of the thesis, we set limits on the corrections to ĸ at the one loop level; first in the minimal SM and then in a two-Higgs-doublet model. The main results are that measured corrections of 0.1 would clearly indicate non-perturbative physics while the minimal SM can accommodate corrections up to 0.02. Possible extensions of the SM cannot increase this figure by much: unless one is willing to introduce several extra weakly interacting families, it remains that 75%, or more, of the corrections will arise from the minimal SM.
Expansion by regions with pySecDec
Creators: name: Heinrich, G.
name: Jahn, S.
name: Jones, S. P.
name: Kerner, M.
name: Langer, F.
name: Magerya, V.
name: Poldaru, A.
name: Schlenk, J.
name: Villa, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the technique of expansion by regions from a geometric perspective, and its implementation within pySecDec, a toolbox for the evaluation of dimensionally regulated parameter integrals. The program offers an automated way to perform asymptotic expansions and provides a new mechanism for efficiently evaluating amplitudes, as well as individual integrals. The usage of the new features available within pySecDec is illustrated with several examples.
description: 43 pages, 12 figures; replaced by version published in CPC
Spitzer Spectra of a 10 mJy Galaxy Sample and the Star Formation Rate in the Local Universe
Creators: name: Houck, J. R.
name: Weedman, D. W.
name: Floc'h, E. Le
name: Hao, Lei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A complete flux-limited sample of 50 galaxies is presented having f_ν(24um) > 10mJy, chosen from a survey with the Multiband Imaging Photometer on Spitzer (MIPS) of 8.2 deg^{2} within the NOAO Deep Wide-Field Survey region in Bootes (NDWFS). Spectra obtained with the low-resolution modules of the Infrared Spectrograph on Spitzer (IRS) are described for 36 galaxies within this sample; 25 show strong PAH emission features characteristic of starbursts, and 11 show silicate absorption or emission, emission lines, or featureless spectra characteristic of AGN. Infrared or optical spectral classifications are available for 48 of the entire sample of 50; 33 galaxies are classified as starbursts and 15 as AGN. (There are an additional 19 Galactic stars with f_ν(24um) > 10mJy in the survey area.) Using a relation between 7.7um PAH luminosity and star formation rate derived from previous IRS observations of starbursts, the star formation rate per unit volume of the local universe (SFRD) is determined from the complete sample and is found to be 0.008 \mdot Mpc^{-3}. Individual sources in the sample have star formation rates from 0.14 to 160 \mdot. The derived value for the local SFRD is about half that of the local SFRD deduced from bolometric luminosities of the IRAS 60um Bright Galaxy Sample, with the deficiency being at lower luminosities and arising primarily from the small number of low luminosity sources in the 10 mJy sample. The agreement for higher luminosities confirms the validity of using the 7.7um PAH feature as a measure of SFRD in the high redshift universe, where this is often the only indicator available for faint sources.
description: accepted to publish in ApJ
Ab initio study of ferromagnetism induced by magnetic impurities in rutile TiO2
Creators: name: Errico, L. A.
name: Weissmann, M.
name: Renteria, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using the first-principles density-functional approach, magnetic properties of Mn-, Fe-, Co-, and Ni-doped rutile TiO2 were investigated for two different impurity concentrations (25% and 6.25%). Calculations were performed with the Full-Potential Linearized-Augmented Plane Waves (FLAPW) method, assuming that the magnetic impurities substitutionally replace the Ti ions. Our results show that the systems (with the exception of Ni-doped TiO2) are ferromagnetic. We also found that polarization mainly occurs at the impurity sites, and the magnetic moments of the impurities are independent of the impurity concentration.
description: 5 pages and 4 figures, published in Physica Status Solidi (b)
Spatio-temporal complexity of power-grid frequency fluctuations
Creators: name: Gorjão, Leonardo Rydin
name: Schäfer, Benjamin
name: Witthaut, Dirk
name: Beck, Christian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Power-grid systems constitute one of the most complex man-made spatially extended structures. These operate with strict operational bounds to ensure synchrony across the grid. This is particularly relevant for power-grid frequency, which operates strictly at $50\,$Hz ($60\,$Hz). Nevertheless, small fluctuations around the mean frequency are present at very short time scales $<2$ seconds and can exhibit highly complex spatio-temporal behaviour. Here we apply superstatistical data analysis techniques to measured frequency fluctuations in the Nordic Grid. We study the increment statistics and extract the relevant time scales and superstatistical distribution functions from the data. We show that different synchronous recordings of power-grid frequency have very distinct stochastic fluctuations with different types of superstatistics at different spatial locations, and with transitions from one superstatistics to another when the time lag of the increment statistics is changed.
description: 11 pages, 6 figures
Extremely Lightweight Quantization Robust Real-Time Single-Image Super Resolution for Mobile Devices
Creators: name: Ayazoglu, Mustafa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Single-Image Super Resolution (SISR) is a classical computer vision problem and it has been studied for over decades. With the recent success of deep learning methods, recent work on SISR focuses solutions with deep learning methodologies and achieves state-of-the-art results. However most of the state-of-the-art SISR methods contain millions of parameters and layers, which limits their practical applications. In this paper, we propose a hardware (Synaptics Dolphin NPU) limitation aware, extremely lightweight quantization robust real-time super resolution network (XLSR). The proposed model's building block is inspired from root modules for Image classification. We successfully applied root modules to SISR problem, further more to make the model uint8 quantization robust we used Clipped ReLU at the last layer of the network and achieved great balance between reconstruction quality and runtime. Furthermore, although the proposed network contains 30x fewer parameters than VDSR its performance surpasses it on Div2K validation set. The network proved itself by winning Mobile AI 2021 Real-Time Single Image Super Resolution Challenge.
Hydrodynamics of self-propelled hard rods
Creators: name: Baskaran, Aparna
name: Marchetti, M. Cristina
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Motivated by recent simulations and by experiments on aggregation of gliding bacteria, we study a model of the collective dynamics of self-propelled hard rods on a substrate in two dimensions. The rods have finite size, interact via excluded volume and their dynamics is overdamped by the interaction with the substrate. Starting from a microscopic model with non-thermal noise sources, a continuum description of the system is derived. The hydrodynamic equations are then used to characterize the possible steady states of the systems and their stability as a function of the particles packing fraction and the speed of self propulsion.
description: 10 pages, 3 figures. Submitted to PRE
Anisotropic superconducting properties of Kagome metal CsV3Sb5
Creators: name: Ni, Shunli
name: Ma, Sheng
name: Zhang, Yuhang
name: Yuan, Jie
name: Yang, Haitao
name: Lu, Zouyouwei
name: Wang, Ningning
name: Sun, Jianping
name: Zhao, Zhen
name: Li, Dong
name: Liu, Shaobo
name: Zhang, Hua
name: Chen, Hui
name: Jin, Kui
name: Cheng, Jinguang
name: Yu, Li
name: Zhou, Fang
name: Dong, Xiaoli
name: Hu, Jiangping
name: Gao, Hong-Jun
name: Zhao, Zhongxian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We systematically measure the superconducting (SC) and mixed state properties of high-quality CsV3Sb5 single crystals with Tc ~ 3.5 K. We find that the upper critical field Hc2(T) exhibits a large anisotropic ratio of Hc2^(ab)/Hc2^(c) ~ 9 at zero temperature and fitting its temperature dependence requires a minimum two-band effective model. Moreover, the ratio of the lower critical field, Hc1^(ab)/Hc1^(c), is also found to be larger than 1, which indicates that the in-plane energy dispersion is strongly renormalized near Fermi energy. Both Hc1(T) and SC diamagnetic signal are found to change little initially below Tc ~ 3.5 K and then to increase abruptly upon cooling to a characteristic temperature of ~2.8 K. Furthermore, we identify a two-fold anisotropy of in-plane angular-dependent magnetoresistance in the mixed state. Interestingly, we find that, below the same characteristic T ~ 2.8 K, the orientation of this two-fold anisotropy displays a peculiar twist by an angle of 60o characteristic of the Kagome geometry. Our results suggest an intriguing superconducting state emerging in the complex environment of Kagome lattice, which, at least, is partially driven by electron-electron correlation.
description: 11 pages, 4 figures
On The Behavior of Subgradient Projections Methods for Convex Feasibility Problems in Euclidean Spaces
Creators: name: Butnariu, Dan
name: Censor, Yair
name: Gurfil, Pini
name: Hadar, Ethan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 49M20 (Primary)

description: We study some methods of subgradient projections for solving a convex feasibility problem with general (not necessarily hyperplanes or half-spaces) convex sets in the inconsistent case and propose a strategy that controls the relaxation parameters in a specific self-adapting manner. This strategy leaves enough user-flexibility but gives a mathematical guarantee for the algorithm's behavior in the inconsistent case. We present numerical results of computational experiments that illustrate the computational advantage of the new method.
description: SIAM Journal on Optimization, accepted for publication
Characterization of all the supersymmetric solutions of gauged N=1,d=5 supergravity
Creators: name: Bellorin, Jorge
name: Ortin, Tomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We find a complete characterization of all the supersymmetric solutions of non-Abelian gauged N=1,d=5 supergravity coupled to vector multiplets and hypermultiplets: the generic forms of the metrics as functions of the scalars and vector fields plus the equations that all these must satisfy. These equations are now a complicated non-linear system and there it seems impossible to produce an algorithm to construct systematically all supersymmetric solutions.
description: Some references and two comments added
Optimal control of an HIV model with a trilinear antibody growth function
Creators: name: Allali, Karam
name: Harroudi, Sanaa
name: Torres, Delfim F. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 49N90, 92D30, 93A30

description: We propose and study a new mathematical model of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The main novelty is to consider that the antibody growth depends not only on the virus and on the antibodies concentration but also on the uninfected cells concentration. The model consists of five nonlinear differential equations describing the evolution of the uninfected cells, the infected ones, the free viruses, and the adaptive immunity. The adaptive immune response is represented by the cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTL) cells and the antibodies with the growth function supposed to be trilinear. The model includes two kinds of treatments. The objective of the first one is to reduce the number of infected cells, while the aim of the second is to block free viruses. Firstly, the positivity and the boundedness of solutions are established. After that, the local stability of the disease free steady state and the infection steady states are characterized. Next, an optimal control problem is posed and investigated. Finally, numerical simulations are performed in order to show the behavior of solutions and the effectiveness of the two incorporated treatments via an efficient optimal control strategy.
description: This is a preprint of a paper whose final and definite form is with 'Discrete and Continuous Dynamical Systems - Series S' (DCDS-S), ISSN 1937-1632 (print), ISSN 1937-1179 (online), available at [http://aimsciences.org/journal/1937-1632]. Paper Submitted 01-June-2019; Revised 10-May-2021; Accepted 21-May-2021. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1801.10048