cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Computing the spectral action for fuzzy geometries: from random noncommutative geometry to bi-tracial multimatrix models
Creators: name: Perez-Sanchez, Carlos I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 58B34, 15B52, 05-XX, 81-XX

description: A fuzzy geometry is a certain type of spectral triple whose Dirac operator crucially turns out to be a finite matrix. This notion was introduced in [J. Barrett, J. Math. Phys. 56, 082301 (2015)] and accommodates familiar fuzzy spaces like spheres and tori. In the framework of random noncommutative geometry, we use Barrett's characterization of Dirac operators of fuzzy geometries in order to systematically compute the spectral action $S(D)= \mathrm{Tr} f(D)$ for $2n$-dimensional fuzzy geometries. In contrast to the original Chamseddine-Connes spectral action, we take a polynomial $f$ with $f(x)\to \infty$ as $ |x|\to\infty$ in order to obtain a well-defined path integral that can be stated as a random matrix model with action of the type $S(D)=N \cdot \mathrm{tr}\, F+\textstyle\sum_i \mathrm{tr}\,A_i \cdot \mathrm{tr} \,B_i $, being $F,A_i $ and $B_i $ noncommutative polynomials in $2^{2n-1}$ complex $N\times N$ matrices that parametrize the Dirac operator $D$. For arbitrary signature---thus for any admissible KO-dimension---formulas for 2-dimensional fuzzy geometries are given up to a sextic polynomial, and up to a quartic polynomial for 4-dimensional ones, with focus on the octo-matrix models for Lorentzian and Riemannian signatures. The noncommutative polynomials $F,A_i $ and $B_i$ are obtained via chord diagrams and satisfy: independence of $N$; self-adjointness of the main polynomial $F$ (modulo cyclic reordering of each monomial); also up to cyclicity, either self-adjointness or anti-self-adjointness of $A_i $ and $B_i $ simultaneously, for fixed $i$. Collectively, this favors a free probabilistic perspective for the large-$N$ limit we elaborate on.
description: 51 pages (45+6), some figures. v5. Minor amend to Prop. 4.1 and syntax of Def. 2.2
СОВРЕМЕННЫЕ ПРОБЛЕМЫ И РЕШЕНИЯ АЛЮМИНИЕВОЙ ПРОМЫШЛЕННОСТИ РОССИИ
Creators: name: Штрейблинг Оксана Геннадьевна
Publisher: name: Эпоха науки
Year: 2020
Subjects: металлургия
специфика отрасли
направления развития
инновации
наилучшие доступные технологии

description: в статье представлены результаты изучения современного состояния вопроса, связанного с проблемами алюминиевой промышленности страны и возможными направлениями их решения. Акцентировано внимание на уникальности отрасли России, выявлены национальные черты и специфические особенности. Изучен вопрос формирования методического инструментария, позволяющего реализовать оценку технико-организационного потенциала развития отрасли.
HPA decorated Halloysite Nanoclay: An efficient catalyst for the green synthesis of Spirooxindole derivatives
Creators: name: Heravi, Majid Mommahed
name: Samahe Sadjadi
name: Malmir, Masoumeh
name: Baharak Masoumi
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 30302 Nanochemistry and Supramolecular Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 30502 Natural Products Chemistry
subject: 30205 Non-metal Chemistry
subject: Nuclear Chemistry
subject: 30303 Optical Properties of Materials
subject: 30503 Organic Chemical Synthesis
subject: Organic Chemistry
subject: 30599 Organic Chemistry not elsewhere classified
subject: 30504 Organic Green Chemistry

description: A novel heterogeneous catalyst, HPA@HNTs‐IMI‐SO3H, was designed and synthesized based on functionalization of halloysite nanotubes with ionic liquid and subsequent incorporation of heteropolyacid. The structure of the catalyst was studied and confirmed by using SEM/EDX, FTIR, XRD, ICP‐AES, TGA, DTGA and BET. Moreover, the catalytic activity of HPA@HNTs‐IMI‐SO3H was investigated for promoting ultrasonic‐assisted three‐component reaction of isatines, malononitrile or cyanoacetic esters and 1,3‐dicarbonyl compounds to afford corresponding spirooxindole in high yields and short reaction time. The reusability of the catalyst was also studied. Notably, the catalyst could be recovered and reused for three reaction runs. However, reusing for fourth reaction runs led to the decrease of the catalytic activity. Considering leaching test results, that observation was attributed to the leaching of heteropolyacids, which can be induced by ultrasonic irradiation.
Mammalian Inscuteable Regulates Spindle Orientation and Cell Fate in the Developing Retina
Creators: name: Knoblich, Juergen
name: Siderovski, David
name: Žigman, Mihaela
name: Firnberg, Nicole
name: Schleiffer, Alexander
name: Barres, Ben
name: McCudden, Christopher
name: Cayouette, Michel
name: Charalambous, Christoforos
name: Hoeller, Oliver
name: Dunican, Dara
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2005

description: During mammalian neurogenesis, progenitor cells can divide with the mitotic spindle oriented parallel or perpendicular to the surface of the neuroepithelium. Perpendicular divisions are more likely to be asymmetric and generate one progenitor and one neuronal precursor. Whether the orientation of the mitotic spindle actually determines their asymmetric outcome is unclear. Here, we characterize a mammalian homolog of Inscuteable (mInsc), a key regulator of spindle orientation in Drosophila. mInsc is expressed temporally and spatially in a manner that suggests a role in orienting the mitotic spindle in the developing nervous system. Using retroviral RNAi in rat retinal explants, we show that downregulation of mInsc inhibits vertical divisions. This results in enhanced proliferation, consistent with a higher frequency of symmetric divisions generating two proliferating cells. Our results suggest that the orientation of neural progenitor divisions is important for cell fate specification in the retina and determines their symmetric or asymmetric outcome.
«ВЕЧНЫЙ МИР» И. КАНТА: РЕАЛЬНОСТЬ ИЛИ УТОПИЯ?
Creators: name: Бородкина Ксения Сергеевна
name: Брянц Тамара Андреевна
name: Cорокун Павел Владимирович
Publisher: name: Эпоха науки
Year: 2020
Subjects: вечный мир
война
общество
государство
международные отношения
философия права.

description: В данной статье анализируются и рассматриваются постулаты И. Канта «К вечному миру», которые были им опубликованы в 1795 году. Проводится сравнительный анализ данных утверждений в отношении развития общества на современном этапе. Также ставится вопрос об их актуальности на данный период сложившихся международных отношений.
Polarized Secretory Trafficking Directs Cargo for Asymmetric Dendrite Growth and Morphogenesis
Creators: name: Rácz, Bence
name: Horton, April
name: Ehlers, Michael
name: Monson, Eric
name: Weinberg, Richard
name: Lin, Anna
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2005

description: Proper growth of dendrites is critical to the formation of neuronal circuits, but the cellular machinery that directs the addition of membrane components to generate dendritic architecture remains obscure. Here, we demonstrate that post-Golgi membrane trafficking is polarized toward longer dendrites of hippocampal pyramidal neurons in vitro and toward apical dendrites in vivo. Small Golgi outposts partition selectively into longer dendrites and are excluded from axons. In dendrites, Golgi outposts concentrate at branchpoints where they engage in post-Golgi trafficking. Within the cell body, the Golgi apparatus orients toward the longest dendrite, and this Golgi polarity precedes asymmetric dendrite growth. Manipulations that selectively block post-Golgi trafficking halt dendrite growth in developing neurons and cause a shrinkage of dendrites in mature pyramidal neurons. Further, disruption of Golgi polarity produces neurons with symmetric dendritic arbors lacking a single longest principal dendrite. These results define a novel polarized organization of neuronal secretory trafficking and demonstrate a mechanistic link between directed membrane trafficking and asymmetric dendrite growth.
An arbitrary-order Cell Method with block-diagonal mass-matrices for the time-dependent 2D Maxwell equations
Creators: name: Kapidani, Bernard
name: Codecasa, Lorenzo
name: Schöberl, Joachim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 65M60

description: We introduce a new numerical method for the time-dependent Maxwell equations on unstructured meshes in two space dimensions. This relies on the introduction of a new mesh, which is the barycentric-dual cellular complex of the starting simplicial mesh, and on approximating two unknown fields with integral quantities on geometric entities of the two dual complexes. A careful choice of basis-functions yields cheaply invertible block-diagonal system matrices for the discrete time-stepping scheme. The main novelty of the present contribution lies in incorporating arbitrary polynomial degree in the approximating functional spaces, defined through a new reference cell. The presented method, albeit a kind of Discontinuous Galerkin approach, requires neither the introduction of user-tuned penalty parameters for the tangential jump of the fields, nor numerical dissipation to achieve stability. In fact an exact electromagnetic energy conservation law for the semi-discrete scheme is proved and it is shown on several numerical tests that the resulting algorithm provides spurious-free solutions with the expected order of convergence.
description: 34 pages, 14 figures, submitted
ПРОФЕССИОНАЛЬНО-ОРИЕНТИРОВАННОЕ ОБУЧЕНИЕ ИНОСТРАННОМУ ЯЗЫКУ В НЕЯЗЫКОВОМ ВУЗЕ
Creators: name: Вавилова Елена Олеговна
Publisher: name: Эпоха науки
Year: 2020
Subjects: профессионально-ориентированное обучение
английский язык
обучение
неязыковой ВУЗ.

description: В статье рассматривается профессионально-ориентированное обучение иностранному языку в неязыковом вузе. Выявлены возможности профессионального-ориентированного обучения в формирование иноязычной коммуникативной компетенции. Предложены способы решения возникающих трудностей при обучении иностранному языку в неязыковом вузе.
Exploring Relevant Artifacts of Release Notes: The Practitioners' Perspective
Creators: name: Nath, Sristy Sumana
name: Roy, Banani
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: A software release note is one of the essential documents in the software development life cycle. The software release contains a set of information, e.g., bug fixes and security fixes. Release notes are used in different phases, e.g., requirement engineering, software testing and release management. Different types of practitioners (e.g., project managers and clients) get benefited from the release notes to understand the overview of the latest release. As a result, several studies have been done about release notes production and usage in practice. However, two significant problems (e.g., duplication and inconsistency in release notes contents) exist in producing well-written & well-structured release notes and organizing appropriate information regarding different targeted users' needs. For that reason, practitioners face difficulties in writing and reading the release notes using existing tools. To mitigate these problems, we execute two different studies in our paper. First, we execute an exploratory study by analyzing 3,347 release notes of 21 GitHub repositories to understand the documented contents of the release notes. As a result, we find relevant key artifacts, e.g., issues (29%), pull-requests (32%), commits (19%), and common vulnerabilities and exposures (CVE) issues (6%) in the release note contents. Second, we conduct a survey study with 32 professionals to understand the key information that is included in release notes regarding users' roles. For example, project managers are more interested in learning about new features than less critical bug fixes. Our study can guide future research directions to help practitioners produce the release notes with relevant content and improve the documentation quality.
EXPERIMENTAL WORK ON FORMING A FOREIGN LANGUAGE CULTURE OF STUDENT’S PERSONALITY DURING ITS SOCIALIZATION: ASCERTAINING STAGE
Creators: name: Valitova Lilya, R.
Publisher: name: Эпоха науки
Year: 2020
Subjects: culture
foreign language culture
student personality
socialization
pedagogical process.

description: this article describes the results of experimental work on approving the pedagogical conditions of socialization of a student’s personality in the educational mediation of a foreign language culture, namely its ascertaining stage. The main purpose of the diagnosing was to determine the degree of formation of students 'foreign language culture, as well as to identify students' attitudes to this problem
Oppression and Anti-oppression in Clinical Psychology
Creators: name: Abraham, Munazza Saalim
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2023
Subjects: Anti-opppression
Bystander Intervention Training
Clinical Psychology
Oppression
White Supremacy

description: Traditional clinical psychology programs do not require anti-oppression training or specific social justice and empowerment practices, compared to some social work and counseling programs. Therefore, it follows that clinical psychology students, faculty, and practitioners rarely know how or when to address oppression with diverse groups and within diverse contexts. The current pilot study represents initial steps towards developing anti-oppression training for clinical psychologists and trainees, grounded in the bystander intervention theory by Latané and Darley (1970). The first major step was to conduct in-depth interviews to qualitatively explore how clinical psychologists and trainees’ have witnessed, experienced, and/or perpetuated oppression in clinical psychology settings (classroom, supervision, and therapy settings); and, based on their experiences, what are suggestions towards anti-oppression. This first step informs anti-oppression training goals and content. The second major step was to survey a diverse range of clinical psychologists and trainees from across the United States — such as graduate student trainees, faculty members, and practicing clinicians — to also quantitatively assess to what extent they have witnessed, experienced, and/or perpetuated oppression in their field as well as assess the acceptability and feasibility of anti-oppression training in clinical psychology. This step further informs anti-oppression training goals as well as structure. This research is important, because, while the literature may support the need for anti-oppression training, the prospective trainees and training programs must also acknowledge this need to initiate training implementation and success. Results showed that among clinical psychologists and trainees in the sample (N = 51), the majority reported witnessing and personally experiencing oppression, and a little less than a quarter reported perpetuating oppression in clinical psychology settings. Additionally, the majority of participants reported high perceived responsibility, yet relatively low confidence in their current skills to address oppression. Furthermore, participants reported substantial acceptability and perceived need for anti-oppression training while also providing several suggestions on what anti-oppression training can look like (i.e., decentering whiteness, learning how to identify oppression, role playing on how to address oppression, etc.). While additional research may be needed, study results can inform future training for clinical psychologists and trainees to become active bystanders in anti-oppression praxis.
МЕТАФОРИЧЕСКИЕ МОДЕЛИ ЭМПОРОНИМОВ-СЛОВОСОЧЕТАНИЙ В ЛИНГВОКРЕАТИВНОМ АСПЕКТЕ
Creators: name: Васильева Татьяна Владимировна
Publisher: name: Эпоха науки
Year: 2020
Subjects: эмпороним
рекламная номинация
метафорическая модель
словосочетание
когнитивная лингвистика
лингвокреативная деятельность.

description: В статье описываются наиболее частотные метафорические модели эмпоронимов. Представлена классификация метафорических моделей по сфере-источнику, дается анализ механизмов метафоризации в области эмпоронимии в лингвокогнитивном аспекте. В структурно-семантическом аспекте подробно описываются типы названий магазинов с пространственным, натуралистическим и абстрактно-понятийным образным компонентом, описывается механизм развертывания когнитивного метафорического сценария по основным концептуальным слотам. Эмпоронимы-словосочетания с образным компонентом, являющиеся результатом лингвокреативной деятельности, рассматриваются в качестве рекламных имен, выполняющих прагматическую функцию. Высказывается мысль о наличии частотных метафорических моделей в области рекламной эргонимии, семантическая репрезентация которых обусловлена особенностями прагматическими задачами. Исследование представляется актуальным в рамках антропоцентрической когнитивной парадигмы современного языкознания.
Marginal likelihood computation for model selection and hypothesis testing: an extensive review
Creators: name: Llorente, Fernando
name: Martino, Luca
name: Delgado, David
name: Lopez-Santiago, Javier
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computation (stat.CO)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This is an up-to-date introduction to, and overview of, marginal likelihood computation for model selection and hypothesis testing. Computing normalizing constants of probability models (or ratio of constants) is a fundamental issue in many applications in statistics, applied mathematics, signal processing and machine learning. This article provides a comprehensive study of the state-of-the-art of the topic. We highlight limitations, benefits, connections and differences among the different techniques. Problems and possible solutions with the use of improper priors are also described. Some of the most relevant methodologies are compared through theoretical comparisons and numerical experiments.
description: Keywords: Marginal likelihood, Bayesian evidence, numerical integration, model selection, hypothesis testing, quadrature rules, double-intractable posteriors, partition functions
PIK3CA GENE EDITING IN BREAST CANCER CELL LINES
Creators: name: Albalawy, Wafaa
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2016

description: This project is designed to show that mutations in PIK3CA gene cause some HER2+ breast cancer patients to not respond to Trastuzumab and Lapatinib therapy. Experimental design is to correct PIK3CA mutations in a collection of breast cancer cell lines by editing using CRISPR. The conformation of the hypothesis is based on regaining cell lines with edited PIK3CA sensitive to treatment.
Bias induced drift and trapping on random combs and the Bethe lattice: Fluctuation regime and first order phase transitions
Creators: name: Kotak, Jesal D.
name: Barma, Mustansir
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 82D30, 82C44, 82C41, 60K50, 65C05

description: We study the competition between field-induced transport and trapping in a disordered medium by studying biased random walks on random combs and the bond-diluted Bethe lattice above the percolation threshold. While it is known that the drift velocity vanishes above a critical threshold, here our focus is on fluctuations, characterized by the variance of the transit times. On the random comb, the variance is calculated exactly for a given realization of disorder using a 'forward transport' limit which prohibits backward movement along the backbone but allows an arbitrary number of excursions into random-length branches. The disorder-averaged variance diverges at an earlier threshold of the bias, implying a regime of anomalous fluctuations, although the velocity is nonzero. Our results are verified numerically using a Monte Carlo procedure that is adapted to account for ultra-slow returns from long branches. On the Bethe lattice, we derive an upper bound for the critical threshold bias for anomalous fluctuations of the mean transit time averaged over disorder realizations. Finally, as for the passage to the vanishing velocity regime, it is shown that the transition to the anomalous fluctuation regime can change from continuous to first order depending on the distribution of branch lengths.
description: 29 pages, 10 figures
A Critical Role for Myosin IIB in Dendritic Spine Morphology and Synaptic Function
Creators: name: Burette, Alain
name: Liu, Lidong
name: Weinberg, Richard
name: Wu, Dong Chuan
name: Wang, Yu Tian
name: Sheng, Morgan
name: Ryu, Jubin
name: Wong, Tak Pan
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2006

description: Dendritic spines show rapid motility and plastic morphology, which may mediate information storage in the brain. It is presently believed that polymerization/depolymerization of actin is the primary determinant of spine motility and morphogenesis. Here, we show that myosin IIB, a molecular motor that binds and contracts actin filaments, is essential for normal spine morphology and dynamics and represents a distinct biophysical pathway to control spine size and shape. Myosin IIB is enriched in the postsynaptic density (PSD) of neurons. Pharmacologic or genetic inhibition of myosin IIB alters protrusive motility of spines, destabilizes their classical mushroom-head morphology, and impairs excitatory synaptic transmission. Thus, the structure and function of spines is regulated by an actin-based motor in addition to the polymerization state of actin.
THE INFLUENCE OF ATRAZINE ON THE REPRODUCTIVE POTENTIAL OF Eisenia foetida (Oligochaeta)
Creators: name: Albaugh, Ronald L.
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2024

description: In addition to their carcinogenic or mutagenic capabilities, pesticides and toxic industrial wastes may have profound effects on wildlife reproduction by mimicking the female hormone estrogen. It is believed that hormonal feminization is widespread in the animal kingdom and could even affect human health and reproduction. Although many of these chemicals are controlled, restricted or banned, even small amounts already present in the environment could have adverse effects for decades. Many pesticides used in modern agriculture are believed to belong to a family of estrogenic chemicals. Following range-finding toxicity tests, a laboratory experiment was conducted using sublethal doses of AAtrex, a formulation of the agricultural herbicide atrazine, to examine potential reproductive effects on the earthworm Eisenia foetida. Because of their direct contact with the soil, earthworms are ideal nontarget organisms for pesticide testing. Increased concentrations of atrazine resulted in greater weight loss in worms. Higher levels of atrazine had a negative effect on the ratio of combined weight of the male reproductive organs to the worm's final body mass at the conclusion of the experiment. Increased atrazine concentrations also had a negative impact on sperm density within the seminal vesicles and testes compared to their organ weights. Numbers of cocoons produced and cocoon hatching success were also adversely affected. The results indicate that atrazine could very well be an environmental hazard for the earthworm E. foe tida by greatly reducing its reproductive potential. A reduction in earthworm populations results in lower soil fertility. Knowledge of such "non-lethal" pesticide effects has great predictive value in examining reproductive disturbances in many other beneficial soil invertebrate species.
ОТНОШЕНИЕ СТУДЕНТОВ К ФОРМИРОВАНИЮ ЗДОРОВОГО ОБРАЗА ЖИЗНИ
Creators: name: Вороненко Александр Иванович
name: Мелащенко Дарья Дмитриевна
name: Дравица Ксения Васильевна
Publisher: name: Эпоха науки
Year: 2020
Subjects: образ жизни
здоровье
спорт
правильное питание
фастфуд.

description: Здоровый образ жизни (ЗОЖ) в последнее время набирает все большую популярность, а отношение к нему молодежи меняется в зависимости от многих факторов – окружения, материального достатка, здоровья и возможностей. Также большое влияние оказывает и популяризация спорта, проводимая в стране и в учебных заведениях. Отношение студентов Гомельского Государственного Университета имени Франциска Скорины к здоровому образу жизни, что они под ним понимают, занимаются ли спортом и какую еду предпочитают и определить причины, барьеры, которые мешают вести здоровый образ жизни и призвано проведенное социологическое исследование.
Spin-Orbit Angles of Kepler-13Ab and HAT-P-7b from Gravity-Darkened Transit Light Curves
Creators: name: Masuda, Kento
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Analysis of the transit light curve deformed by the stellar gravity darkening allows us to photometrically measure both components of the spin-orbit angle $ψ$, its sky projection $λ$ and inclination of the stellar spin axis $i_\star$. In this paper, we apply the method to two transiting hot Jupiter systems monitored with the Kepler spacecraft, Kepler-13A and HAT-P-7. For Kepler-13A, we find $i_\star=81^\circ\pm5^\circ$ and $ψ=60^\circ\pm2^\circ$ adopting the spectroscopic constraint $λ=58.6^\circ\pm2.0^\circ$ by Johnson et al. (2014). In our solution, the discrepancy between the above $λ$ and that previously reported by Barnes et al. (2011) is solved by fitting both of the two parameters in the quadratic limb-darkening law. We also report the temporal variation in the orbital inclination of Kepler-13Ab, $\mathrm{d} |\cos i_{\rm orb}|/\mathrm{d}t=(-7.0\pm0.4)\times10^{-6}\,\mathrm{day}^{-1}$, providing further evidence for the spin-orbit precession in this system. By fitting the precession model to the time series of $i_{\rm orb}$, $λ$, and $i_\star$ obtained with the gravity-darkened model, we constrain the stellar quadrupole moment $J_2=(6.1\pm0.3)\times10^{-5}$ for our new solution, which is several times smaller than $J_2=(1.66\pm0.08)\times10^{-4}$ obtained for the previous one. We show that the difference can be observable in the future evolution of $λ$, thus providing a possibility to test our solution with follow-up observations. The second target, HAT-P-7, is the first F-dwarf star analyzed with the gravity-darkening method. Our analysis points to a nearly pole-on configuration with $ψ=101^\circ\pm2^\circ$ or $87^\circ\pm2^\circ$ and the gravity-darkening exponent $β$ consistent with $0.25$. Such an observational constraint on $β$ can be useful for testing the theory of gravity darkening.
description: 15 pages, 8 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ, typo in the abstract fixed
(100276) Constance Eliza James
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Asymptotic profiles and singular limits for the viscoelastic damped wave equation with memory of type I
Creators: name: Chen, Wenhui
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper, we are interested in the Cauchy problem for the viscoelastic damped wave equation with memory of type I. By applying WKB analysis and Fourier analysis, we explain the memory's influence on dissipative structures and asymptotic profiles of solutions to the model with weighted $L^1$ initial data. Furthermore, concerning standard energy and the solution itself, we establish singular limit relations between the Moore-Gibson-Thompson equation with memory and the viscoelastic damped wave equation with memory.
Period and Signal Reconstruction from the Curve of Sample-Sequences
Creators: name: Rupniewski, Marek
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: 94A12 94A20

description: A finite sequence of equidistant samples (a sample train) of a periodic signal can be identified with a point in a multi-dimensional space. Such a point depends on the sampled signal, the sampling period, and the starting time of the sequence. If the starting time varies, then the corresponding point moves along a closed curve. We prove that such a curve, i.e., the set of all sample trains of a given length, determines the period of the sampled signal, provided that the sampling period is known. This is true even if the trains are short, and if the samples comprising trains are taken at a sub-Nyquist rate. The presented result is proved with a help of the theory of rotation numbers developed by Poincaré. We also prove that the curve of sample trains determines the sampled signal up to a time shift, provided that the ratio of the sampling period to the period of the signal is irrational. Eventually, we give an example which shows that the assumption on incommensurability of the periods cannot be dropped.
Behavioral and Electrophysiological Indices of Negative Affect Predict Cocaine Self-Administration
Creators: name: Slater, Jennifer
name: Carelli, Regina
name: Grigson, Patricia
name: Jones, Joshua
name: Twining, Robert
name: Wheeler, Robert
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: The motivation to seek cocaine comes in part from a dysregulation of reward processing manifested in dysphoria, or affective withdrawal. Learning is a critical aspect of drug abuse; however, it remains unclear whether drug-associated cues can elicit the emotional withdrawal symptoms that promote cocaine use. Here we report that a cocaine-associated taste cue elicited a conditioned aversive state that was behaviorally and neurophysiologically quantifiable and predicted subsequent cocaine self-administration behavior. Specifically, brief intraoral infusions of a cocaine-predictive flavored saccharin solution elicited aversive orofacial responses that predicted early-session cocaine taking in rats. The expression of aversive taste reactivity also was associated with a shift in the predominant pattern of electrophysiological activity of nucleus accumbens (NAc) neurons from inhibitory to excitatory. The dynamic nature of this conditioned switch in affect and the neural code reveals a mechanism by which cues may exert control over drug self-administration.
ОТНОШЕНИЕ СТУДЕНТОВ К ФОРМИРОВАНИЮ ЗДОРОВОГО ОБРАЗА ЖИЗНИ
Creators: name: Вороненко Александр Иванович
name: Мелащенко Дарья Дмитриевна
name: Дравица Ксения Васильевна
Publisher: name: Эпоха науки
Year: 2020
Subjects: образ жизни
здоровье
спорт
правильное питание
фастфуд

description: Здоровый образ жизни (ЗОЖ) в последнее время набирает все большую популярность, а отношение к нему молодежи меняется в зависимости от многих факторов – окружения, материального достатка, здоровья и возможностей. Также большое влияние оказывает и популяризация спорта, проводимая в стране и в учебных заведениях. Отношение студентов Гомельского Государственного Университета имени Франциска Скорины к здоровому образу жизни, что они под ним понимают, занимаются ли спортом и какую еду предпочитают и определить причины, барьеры, которые мешают вести здоровый образ жизни и призвано проведенное социологическое исследование.
(100277) Christopher James Brock
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
ВЗАИМОДЕЙСТВИЕ ОРГАНОВ МЕСТНОГО САМОУПРАВЛЕНИЯ И ИНСТИТУТОВ ГРАЖДАНСКОГО ОБЩЕСТВА В РЕАЛИЗАЦИИ СОЦИАЛЬНЫХ ПРОЕКТОВ
Creators: name: Галунов Тодор Георгиев
name: Юркова Ольга Николаевна
name: Быхтин Олег Викторович
Publisher: name: Эпоха науки
Year: 2020
Subjects: местное самоуправление
гражданское общество
институциализация
муниципальное управление
гражданская инициатива
социальные технологии.

description: Основная цель статьи заключается в обосновании системы организационно-технологических решений, обеспечивающих оптимизацию взаимодействия органов местного самоуправления и институтов гражданского общества в реализации социальных проектов. В методологическом отношении статья опирается на положения теории символического интеракционизма, в соответствии с которыми общество следует понимать как постоянно происходящее взаимодействие субъектов, в ходе которого участники интерпретируют ситуацию, исходя из собственных ценностей и символических значений, а не благодаря тому, что какие-то внешние движущие силы вызывают определенное поведение индивидов. При написании статьи использовались методы анализа и синтеза, метод систематизации материала, применялись принципы объективности и научности. Представлены основные данные социологического исследования «Проблемы взаимодействия органов местного самоуправления и институтов гражданского общества в процессе разработки и реализации социальных проектов», проведенного в мае-июне 2019 года в Белгородском районе Белгородской области; опрошены 130 сотрудников администрации. Область исследования – система муниципального управления в современной России. Возможность использования статья представляет научный интерес для специалистов в области социологии управления, муниципального управления.
DENDRON FUNCTIONALIZED SWNTS AS A DELIVERY VEHICLE FOR MULTIPLE SIRNA THERAPY
Creators: name: Anderson, Sarah R.
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2013

description: In this proposed experiment, the successful conclusions of previous studies will be combined into a single nano-formulation with increased uptake and delivery of a short interfering ribonucleic acid (siRNA) payload with the intention to down-regulate genes that are overexpressed in multiple types of cancer. Single-walled carbon Nanotubes (SWNTs) will be length sorted and dendron functionalized to promote endocytosis. Then SWNTs will be siRNA wrapped to both improve solubility and to deliver the siRNA therapeutic cargo. Endocytosis will be monitored by fluorescence microscopy using the intrinsic fluorescence of SWNTs in an in vitro study and the efficacy of the nanoformulation will then be analyzed in vitro via western blotting and rtPCR genotyping and in vivo in a xenograft study.
Disruption of a Planetary Nitrogen Cycle as Evidence of Extraterrestrial Agriculture
Creators: name: Haqq-Misra, Jacob
name: Fauchez, Thomas J.
name: Schwieterman, Edward W.
name: Kopparapu, Ravi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Popular Physics (physics.pop-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Agriculture is one of the oldest forms of technology on Earth. The cultivation of plants requires a terrestrial planet with active hydrological and carbon cycles and depends on the availability of nitrogen in soil. The technological innovation of agriculture is the active management of this nitrogen cycle by applying fertilizer to soil, at first through the production of manure excesses but later by the Haber-Bosch industrial process. The use of such fertilizers has increased the atmospheric abundance of nitrogen-containing species such as NH$_3$ and N$_2$O as agricultural productivity intensifies in many parts of the world. Both NH$_3$ and N$_2$O are effective greenhouse gases, and the combined presence of these gases in the atmosphere of a habitable planet could serve as a remotely detectable spectral signature of technology. Here we use a synthetic spectral generator to assess the detectability of NH$_3$ and N$_2$O that would arise from present-day and future global-scale agriculture. We show that present-day Earth abundances of NH$_3$ and N$_2$O would be difficult to detect but hypothetical scenarios involving a planet with 30-100 billion people could show a change in transmittance of about 50-70% compared to pre-agricultural Earth. These calculations suggest the possibility of considering the simultaneous detection of NH$_3$ and N$_2$O in an atmosphere that also contains H$_2$O, O$_2$, and CO$_2$ as a technosignature for extraterrestrial agriculture. The technology of agriculture is one that could be sustainable across geologic timescales, so the spectral signature of such an "ExoFarm" is worth considering in the search for technosignatures.
description: Accepted by ApJL, 12 pages, 1 figure
Distributional Modeling and Forecasting of Natural Gas Prices
Creators: name: Berrisch, Jonathan
name: Ziel, Florian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: Risk Management (q-fin.RM)
subject: Statistical Finance (q-fin.ST)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: We examine the problem of modeling and forecasting European Day-Ahead and Month-Ahead natural gas prices. For this, we propose two distinct probabilistic models that can be utilized in risk- and portfolio management. We use daily pricing data ranging from 2011 to 2020. Extensive descriptive data analysis shows that both time series feature heavy tails, conditional heteroscedasticity, and show asymmetric behavior in their differences. We propose state-space time series models under skewed, heavy-tailed distributions to capture all stylized facts of the data. They include the impact of autocorrelation, seasonality, risk premia, temperature, storage levels, the price of European Emission Allowances, and related fuel prices of oil, coal, and electricity. We provide rigorous model diagnostics and interpret all model components in detail. Additionally, we conduct a probabilistic forecasting study with significance tests and compare the predictive performance against literature benchmarks. The proposed Day-Ahead (Month-Ahead) model leads to a 13% (9%) reduction in out-of-sample continuous ranked probability score (CRPS) compared to the best performing benchmark model, mainly due to adequate modeling of the volatility and heavy tails.
Isolated chondrons: a viable alternative for studies of chondrocyte metabolism in vitro
Creators: name: Kelley, Scott
name: Caterson, Bruce
name: Lee, Greta
name: Chang, Jiang
name: Poole, C. Anthony
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1997

description: OBJECTIVE: To develop and test a simple enzymatic procedure for isolating chondrons, which consist of the chondrocytes and their surrounding pericellular microenvironment. DESIGN: Chondrons were obtained by digesting adult human articular cartilage with a mixture of dispase and collagenase. Chondrons and chondrocytes were cultured in alginate beads, immunofluorescence labeled and examined by confocal microscopy. RESULTS: Comparison of freshly isolated chondrons with cryostat sections of cartilage revealed that type VI collagen, type II collagen and aggrecan were retained, but fibronectin and a unique chondroitin sulfate epitope recognized by the antibody, 7D4, were lost. Comparison of enzymatic and mechanical homogenization methods revealed subtle changes in chondron morphology and retention of fibronectin in mechanically isolated chondrons. Average yield of enzyme-isolated chondrons was slightly lower than that of chondrocytes isolated by pronase and collagenase digestion, but was much greater than that reported for mechanically isolated chondrons. Enzyme-isolated chondron viability was greater than 80% 1 day after isolation, and continued to be above 80% through 7 weeks of alginate bead culture. Viability of isolated chondrocytes was initially greater than 80% but fell to 60-80% with time in culture. Chondrons and isolated chondrocytes had a similar division rate except osteoarthritic chondrons were significantly slower after 2 weeks in culture. Cell division was more rapid for nonosteoarthritic chondrons than for osteoarthritic ones. CONCLUSIONS: Enzymatic isolation of chondrons is relatively simple, gives better yield and viability than mechanical isolation, but comparable yield and viability of traditional chondrocyte isolation. Enzymatic chondron isolation allows the effect of the in vivo-formed pericellular matrix on chondrocyte metabolism to be studied in vitro.
Non-thermal emission from fall-back clouds in the Broad-Line Region of Active Galactic Nuclei
Creators: name: Müller, Ana Laura
name: Naddaf, Mohammad-Hassan
name: Zajaček, Michal
name: Czerny, Bożena
name: Araudo, Anabella
name: Karas, Vladimír
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The spectra of active galactic nuclei exhibit broad-emission lines that presumably originate in the Broad-Line Region (BLR) with gaseous-dusty clouds in a predominantly Keplerian motion around the central black hole. Signatures of both inflow and outflow motion are frequently seen. The dynamical character of BLR is consistent with the scenario that has been branded as the Failed Radiatively Accelerated Dusty Outflow (FRADO; Czerny & Hryniewicz 2011). In this scheme, frequent high-velocity impacts of BLR clouds falling back onto the underlying accretion disk are predicted. The impact velocities depend mainly on the black-hole mass, accretion rate, and metallicity and they range from a few km s$^{-1}$ up to thousands of km s$^{-1}$. Formation of strong shocks due to the collisions can give rise to the production of relativistic particles and associated radiation signatures. In this work, the non-thermal radiation generated in this process is investigated, and the spectral energy distributions for different parameter sets are presented. We find that the non-thermal processes caused by the impacts of clouds can lead to emission in the X-ray and the gamma-ray bands, playing the cloud density and metallicity a key role.
description: 21 pages, 14 figures, and 2 tables. Accepted for publication in ApJ; extended Appendix
(100278) Elizabeth Christabel Brock
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
ПРОБЛЕМА ДОВЕРИЯ В РОССИЙСКОМ ОБЩЕСТВЕ
Creators: name: Горшунова Анна Сергеевна
Publisher: name: Эпоха науки
Year: 2020
Subjects: доверие
доверие в российском обществе
современное общество

description: Доверие в современной социологической науке считается важным социально-культурным элементом каждого общества. Доверие к институтам является основой системы, важным условием ее эффективности и представляет собой элемент легитимации. Доверие как самостоятельный предмет долгое время не изучалось в социологии. Хотя доверие включено во многие модели социальных отношений, оно редко изучалось самостоятельно. Социологический аспект изучения доверия предполагает учет многоаспектности данного явления. Статья посвящена вопросу необходимости изучения доверия в российском обществе. В последние годы в России набирает популярность измерение опросными центрами степени доверия россиян к различным реалиям общественно-политической жизни: государственным структурам, политическим и экономическим объектам, что свидетельствует об актуальности изучения доверия.
THE IMPLTMENTATION OF THE STRUCTURAL – FUNCTIONAL MODEL OF EDUCATION OF A CULTURE OF TOLERANT COMMUNICATION OF STUDENTS
Creators: name: Gubareva Tatyana Alexandrovna
Publisher: name: Эпоха науки
Year: 2020
Subjects: model
upbringing
culture of tolerant communication
methods
techniques and components.

description: This article discusses the educational implementation of the structural-functional model of educating a culture of tolerant communication among students. It reveals the forms and methods used in classes in a foreign language that contribute to the formation of a culture of tolerant communication.
Ionic-liquid and cuprous sulfite containing halloysite nanoclay: An efficient catalyst for Click reaction as well as N- and O-arylations
Creators: name: Heravi, Majid Mommahed
name: Samahe Sadjadi
name: Malmir, Masoumeh
name: Kahangi, Fatemeh Ghoreyshi
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 30302 Nanochemistry and Supramolecular Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 30502 Natural Products Chemistry
subject: 30205 Non-metal Chemistry
subject: Nuclear Chemistry
subject: 30303 Optical Properties of Materials
subject: 30503 Organic Chemical Synthesis
subject: 30599 Organic Chemistry not elsewhere classified
subject: Organic Chemistry
subject: 30504 Organic Green Chemistry
subject: 39904 Organometallic Chemistry

description: Using halloysite nanoclay (Hal) as a support and its multi-functionalization, a novel heterogeneous catalyst, Hal-IMI-SO3Cu, containing ionic liquid, copper species and sulfur trioxide was prepared and fully characterized by applying SEM/EDS, TEM, BET, ICP-AES, TGA, XRD and FTIR spectroscopy. Hal-IMI-SO3Cu exhibited excellent catalytic activity for the synthesis of triazoles through Click reaction of sodium azide, α-haloketones, alkyl halides and terminal alkynes as well as N-arylation and O-arylation of imidazole and phenol with aryl halides under mild and eco-friendly condition. The comparison of the catalytic activities of Hal–Cu, Hal-IMI-Cu (the catalyst without sulfur), Hal-SO3HCu (the catalyst without IL), Hal-IMI-SCu (the catalyst in which –SH was not oxidized to –SO3H) and Hal-IMI-SO3H (the catalyst without copper) with that of the catalyst for the Click reaction confirmed that copper played the dominant role in the catalysis. Moreover, the contribution of IL, and sulfur species to the catalysis was confirmed. It was also proved that the presence of –SO3H was more favorable than –SH. The recyclability tests confirmed that Hal-IMI-SO3Cu was highly recyclable, up to 10 reaction runs, with slight loss of the catalytic activity and copper leaching.
ТЕКСТ КАК ФОРМА ОБЩЕНИЯ КУЛЬТУР
Creators: name: Корнеева Татьяна Анатольевна
Publisher: name: Эпоха науки
Year: 2020
Subjects: диалог культур
текст
межкультурная коммуникация

description: в статье обсуждается коммуникативная природа и форма существования художественного текста в рамках диалогической концепции культуры.