cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Caustic activation of rain showers
Creators: name: Wilkinson, Michael
name: Mehlig, Bernhard
name: Bezuglyy, Vlad
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show quantitatively how the collision rate of droplets of visible moisture in turbulent air increases very abruptly as the intensity of the turbulence passes a threshold, due to the formation of fold caustics in their velocity field. The formation of caustics is an activated process, in which a measure of the intensity of the turbulence, termed the Stokes number St, is analogous to temperature in a chemical reaction: the rate of collision contains a factor exp(-C/St). Our results are relevant to the long-standing problem of explaining the rapid onset of rainfall from convecting clouds. Our theory does not involve spatial clustering of particles.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures
Book Reviews
Creators: name: Rosenblatt, Arnold
name: Weinberg, Philip
name: Schechter, Minda
Publisher: name: Columbia Journal of Environmental Law
Year: 2020

description: THE SOCIAL GAMBLE. By Richard J. Tobin. Lexington, Mass.: D. C. Heath & Co., 1979. Pp. xvi, 174. $17.00 AMERICAN ENERGY CHOICES BEFORE THE YEAR 2000. Edited by Elihu Bergman, Hans A. Bethe and Robert E. Marshak. Lexington, Mass.: D. C. Heath & Co., 1978. Pp. viii, 150. $14.50. ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES LAW: CASES AND MATERIALS. By William H. Rodgers, Jr. St. Paul: West Publishing Co., 1979. Pp. iii, 995. $22.95.
description: Columbia Journal of Environmental Law, 卷 6 编号 1 (1979): Volume 6.1
One Label, One Billion Faces: Usage and Consistency of Racial Categories in Computer Vision
Creators: name: Khan, Zaid
name: Fu, Yun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Computer vision is widely deployed, has highly visible, society altering applications, and documented problems with bias and representation. Datasets are critical for benchmarking progress in fair computer vision, and often employ broad racial categories as population groups for measuring group fairness. Similarly, diversity is often measured in computer vision datasets by ascribing and counting categorical race labels. However, racial categories are ill-defined, unstable temporally and geographically, and have a problematic history of scientific use. Although the racial categories used across datasets are superficially similar, the complexity of human race perception suggests the racial system encoded by one dataset may be substantially inconsistent with another. Using the insight that a classifier can learn the racial system encoded by a dataset, we conduct an empirical study of computer vision datasets supplying categorical race labels for face images to determine the cross-dataset consistency and generalization of racial categories. We find that each dataset encodes a substantially unique racial system, despite nominally equivalent racial categories, and some racial categories are systemically less consistent than others across datasets. We find evidence that racial categories encode stereotypes, and exclude ethnic groups from categories on the basis of nonconformity to stereotypes. Representing a billion humans under one racial category may obscure disparities and create new ones by encoding stereotypes of racial systems. The difficulty of adequately converting the abstract concept of race into a tool for measuring fairness underscores the need for a method more flexible and culturally aware than racial categories.
description: Published as a conference paper at the 4th ACM Conference on Fairness, Accountability, and Transparency (FAccT 2021)
Additional file 1 of What is the level of safety culture in French nursing homes? The EHPAGE study
Creators: name: Teigné, Delphine
name: Mabileau, Guillaume
name: Moret, Leila
name: Terrien, Noémie
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1.
The effectiveness of three screening tests as predictors of kindergarten academic achievement
Creators: name: Berg, Cheryl Anne
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: The early identification of children who may be "at-risk" of experiencing learning difficulties is of prime concern to educators and researchers. Several screening tests have been developed to identify "at-risk" children. Considerable interest has been shown in the use of these screening instruments. An examination of the literature indicates that there is lack of common agreement as to which screening measures will accurately identify children with potential learning difficulties, however, the literature does suggest that early screening is necessary. Most researchers agree that further study of kindergarten screening batteries will provide valuable information regarding the accurate prediction of elementary school achievement. The rationale for kindergarten screening is that "at-risk" children can be given special treatment before they develop severe learning problems. The purpose of this early exploratory study was to attempt to determine the validity of three well known instruments, the Brigance K & 1 Screen for Kindergarten (Brigance, 1987), the Fluharty Preschool Speech and Language Screening Test (Fluharty, 1978), Kaufman's Short Form of the McCarthy Scales of Children's Abilities (Kaufman, 1977), and informal teacher ratings, as predictors of academic achievement in kindergarten, as measured by the Brigance K & 1 Screen for First Grade and the Metropolitan Readiness Test. Correlation coefficients were computed to reveal the predictive validity of each screening test employed. Thirty-nine children enrolled in kindergarten participated in the study. The results of this study show that there is some support provided for using the Brigance K & 1 Screen for Kindergarten, Kaufman's Short Form of the McCarthy Scales of Children's Abilities, and informal teacher ratings. No support was provided for using the Fluharty Preschool Speech and Language Screening Test. Although many of the correlations obtained were statistically significant, most correlations were relatively low. The results of this study would have been more meaningful if the sample had been greater than 39 subjects.
Spin nematic correlations in bilinear-biquadratic S=1 spin chains
Creators: name: Laeuchli, Andreas
name: Schmid, Guido
name: Trebst, Simon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an extensive numerical study of spin quadrupolar correlations in single and coupled bilinear-biquadratic spin one chains, using several methods such as Exact Diagonalization, Density Matrix Renormalization Group and strong coupling series expansions. For the single chain we clarify the dominant correlation function in the enigmatic gapless period-three phase for theta in (pi/4,pi/2), which is of spin quadrupolar nature with a period three spatial structure. Then we revisit the open problem of the possible existence of a ferroquadrupolar phase between the dimerized and the ferromagnetic phases. Although an extended critical region is in principle compatible with the numerical results, a scenario with a huge crossover scale is more plausible. Finally we study the fate of the dimerized phase upon coupling two chains in a ladder geometry. The dimerized phase rapidly vanishes and an extended gapped phase takes over. This gapped phase presumably has dominant short-ranged ferroquadrupolar correlations for theta in (-3pi,4,-pi/2) and -- suprisingly -- seems to be adiabatically connected to the plaquette single solid phase of the Heisenberg S=1 ladder and therefore also with the Haldane phase of isolated chains.
description: 9 pages, 11 figures. supersedes cond-mat/0311082, significantly extended and rewritten
Alopiidae
Creators: name: Golani, Daniel
name: Fricke, Ronald
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Pisces
Isuriformes
Alopiidae

description: ALOPIIDAE   Alopias pelagicus Nakamura 1935
 Gulf of Suez: Egypt (Baranes 2013).
 Gulf of Aqaba: Jordan (Khalaf 2004; Baranes 2013).
 Red Sea main basin: Egypt (Gohar & Mazhar 1964, as Alopias vulpinus), Saudi Arabia (Spaet & Berumen 2015). General distribution: Circumglobal in tropical seas.
description: Published as part of Golani, Daniel & Fricke, Ronald, 2018, Checklist of the Red Sea Fishes with delineation of the Gulf of Suez, Gulf of Aqaba, endemism and Lessepsian migrants, pp. 1-215 in Zootaxa 4509 (1) on page 8, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4509.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/2607566
The single t-quark productions via the flavor-changing processes in the topcolor-assisted technicolor model at the hadron colliders
Creators: name: Xu, Wenna
name: Wang, Xuelei
name: Xiao, Zhenjun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the framework of topcolor-assisted technicolor(TC2) model, there exist tree-level flavor-changing (FC) couplings which can result in the loop-level FC coupling $tcg$. Such $tcg$ coupling can contribute significant clues at the forthcoming Large Hadron Collider (LHC) experiments. In this paper, based on the TC2 model, we study some single t-quark production processes involving $tcg$ coupling at the Tevatron and LHC: $pp(p\bar{p})\to t\bar{q}(q=u,d,s),tg$. We calculate the cross sections of these processes. The results show that the cross sections at the Tevatron are too small to observe the signal, but at the LHC it can reach a few pb. With the high luminosity, the LHC has considerable capability to find the single t-quark signal produced via some FC processes involving coupling $tcg$. On the other hand, these processes can also provide some valuable information of the coupling $tcg$ with detailed study of the processes and furthermore provide the reliable evidence to test the TC2 model.
description: 15 pages, 10 figures
VXSlate: Combining Head Movement and Mobile Touch for Large Virtual Display Interaction
Creators: name: Le, Khanh-Duy
name: Tran, Tanh Quang
name: Chlasta, Karol
name: Krejtz, Krzysztof
name: Fjeld, Morten
name: Kunz, Andreas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: H.5.2; B.4.2; J.7
subject: 68M99

description: Virtual Reality (VR) headsets can open opportunities for users to accomplish complex tasks on large virtual displays, using compact setups. However, interacting with large virtual displays using existing interaction techniques might cause fatigue, especially for precise manipulations, due to the lack of physical surfaces. We designed VXSlate, an interaction technique that uses a large virtual display, as an expansion of a tablet. VXSlate combines a user's headmovement, as tracked by the VR headset, and touch interaction on the tablet. The user's headmovement position both a virtual representation of the tablet and of the user's hand on the large virtual display. The user's multi-touch interactions perform finely-tuned content manipulations.
description: The authors have not been asked to publish at arXiv
Exact solution for the dynamical decoupling of a qubit with telegraph noise
Creators: name: Bergli, Joakim
name: Faoro, Lara
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the dissipative dynamics of a qubit that is afflicted by classical random telegraph noise and it is subject to dynamical decoupling. We derive exact formulas for the qubit dynamics at arbitrary working points in the limit of infinitely strong control pulses (bang-bang control) and we investigate in great detail the efficiency of the dynamical decoupling techniques both for Gaussian and non-Gaussian (slow) noise at qubit pure dephasing and at optimal point. We demonstrate that control sequences can be successfully implemented as diagnostic tools to infer spectral proprieties of a few fluctuators interacting with the qubit. The analysis is extended in order to include the effect of noise in the pulses and we give upper bounds on the noise levels that can be tolerated in the pulses while still achieving efficient dynamical decoupling performance.
Pair production in the millisecond pulsar J0030+0451
Creators: name: Jones, P B
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The electric field accelerating electrons in the Timokhin-Arons polar-cap model as applied to millisecond pulsars is so high that the electron Lorentz factors are limited either by radiation reaction or by the Breit-Wheeler process. In the former case, it is possible to obtain an upper limit for curvature radiation momentum components perpendicular to the local magnetic field which is independent of the flux-line radius of curvature. The threshold value for single-photon conversion to pairs is high but is possibly reached in J0030+0451. However, owing to the high polar-cap temperature reported, direct pair production by the Breit-Wheeler process is probably more important. If the existence of coherent radio emission in millisecond pulsars is assumed to need a high-multiplicity pair plasma, then it follows that the primary electrons also produce gamma-rays in the Fermi-LAT energy band for which the magnetosphere is completely transparent. The absence of these, in phase with the radio emission, would be an immediate indication that ultra-high energy electrons and an active Timokhin-Arons polar cap are not present in J0030+0451.
description: 4 pages; to be published in MNRAS Letters
Book Reviews
Creators: name: Rosenblatt, Arnold
name: Davis, Bret
Publisher: name: Columbia Journal of Environmental Law
Year: 2020

description: NUCLEAR NONPROLIFERATION: THE SPENT FUEL PROBLEM. Edited by Frederick C. Williams and David A. Deese. New York: Pergamon Press. 1979. Pp. xi, 221. $30.00. WILDERNESS ECONOMICS AND POLICY. By Lloyd C. Irland. Lexington, Mass.: D.C. Heath & Co. 1979. Pp. xviii, 225. $18.95.
description: Columbia Journal of Environmental Law, 卷 6 编号 2 (1980): Volume 6.2
The Polychronakos-Frahm spin chain of BC_N type and Berry-Tabor's conjecture
Creators: name: Barba, J. C.
name: Finkel, F.
name: Gonzalez-Lopez, A.
name: Rodriguez, M. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compute the partition function of the su(m) Polychronakos-Frahm spin chain of BC_N type by means of the freezing trick. We use this partition function to study several statistical properties of the spectrum, which turn out to be analogous to those of other spin chains of Haldane-Shastry type. In particular, we find that when the number of particles is sufficiently large the level density follows a Gaussian distribution with great accuracy. We also show that the distribution of (normalized) spacings between consecutive levels is of neither Poisson nor Wigner type, but is qualitatively similar to that of the original Haldane-Shastry spin chain. This suggests that spin chains of Haldane-Shastry type are exceptional integrable models, since they do not satisfy a well-known conjecture of Berry and Tabor according to which the spacings distribution of a generic integrable system should be Poissonian. We derive a simple analytic expression for the cumulative spacings distribution of the BC_N-type Polychronakos-Frahm chain using only a few essential properties of its spectrum, like the Gaussian character of the level density and the fact the energy levels are equally spaced. This expression is in excellent agreement with the numerical data and, moreover, there is strong evidence that it can also be applied to the Haldane-Shastry and the Polychronakos-Frahm spin chains.
description: revTeX, 11 pages, 4 figures
Additional file 1 of Sixteen years of eHealth experiences in Iran: a qualitative content analysis of national policies
Creators: name: Mousavi, Seyyed Meysam
name: Takian, Amirhossein
name: Tara, Mahmood
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology

description: Additional file 1. The consolidated criteria for reporting qualitative research (COREQ) checklist.
Composite Dirac fermions in graphene
Creators: name: Khveshchenko, D. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Generalizing the notion of composite fermions to the "pseudo-relativistic" Quantum Hall phenomena in graphene, we discuss a possible emergence of compressible states at the filling factors -3/2, -1/2, 1/2, 3/2. This analysis is further extended to the nearby incompressible states viewed as the Integer Quantum Hall Effect of the composite Dirac fermions, as well as those that might occur at the filling factors -1, 0, 1 as a result of the (pseudo)spin-singlet pairing between them.
description: Latex, 4+ pages
Ginglymostomatidae Gill 1862
Creators: name: Golani, Daniel
name: Fricke, Ronald
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Elasmobranchii
Lamniformes
Ginglymostomatidae

description: GINGLYMOSTOMATIDAE   Nebrius ferrugineus (Lesson 1831)
 Gulf of Suez: ¯
 Gulf of Aqaba: Egypt (Baranes 2013).
 Red Sea main basin: Egypt (Klunzinger 1871, as Ginglymostoma mülleri), Sudan (Tortonese 1956, as Ginglymostoma concolor), Eritrea (Rüppell 1837, as Nebrius concolor), Saudi Arabia (Spaet & Berumen 2015). General distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East Africa east to Society and Marquesas islands.
description: Published as part of Golani, Daniel & Fricke, Ronald, 2018, Checklist of the Red Sea Fishes with delineation of the Gulf of Suez, Gulf of Aqaba, endemism and Lessepsian migrants, pp. 1-215 in Zootaxa 4509 (1) on page 8, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4509.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/2607566
Additional file 1 of Chromium-based metal organic framework for pipette tip micro-solid phase extraction: an effective approach for determination of methyl and propyl parabens in wastewater and shampoo samples
Creators: name: Kaykhaii, Massoud
name: Hashemi, Sayyed Hossein
name: Andarz, Fariba
name: Piri, Amin
name: Sargazi, Ghasem
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Inorganic Chemistry

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Design media in the RSM model for the optimization of Cr-MOF PT-µSPE. Table S2. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) for parabens.
New bounds on millicharged particles from cosmology
Creators: name: Melchiorri, Alessandro
name: Polosa, Antonello
name: Strumia, Alessandro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Particles with millicharge q and sub-eV mass can be produced in photon-photon collisions, distorting the energy spectrum of the Cosmic Microwave Background. We derive the conservative bound q < 10^-7 e (as well as model-dependent bounds two orders of magnitude stronger), incompatible with proposed interpretations of the PVLAS anomaly based on millicharged production or on millicharged-mediated axion-like couplings.
description: 7 pages, 2 figures. Final version
Modeling the Magnetization Dynamics for Large Ensembles of Immobilized Magnetic Nanoparticles in Multi-dimensional Magnetic Particle Imaging
Creators: name: Albers, Hannes
name: Knopp, Tobias
name: Möddel, Martin
name: Boberg, Marija
name: Kluth, Tobias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) play an important role in biomedical applications including imaging modalities such as MRI and magnetic particle imaging (MPI). The latter one exploits the non-linear magnetization response of a large ensemble of magnetic nanoparticles to magnetic fields which allows determining the spatial distribution of the MNP concentration from measured voltage signals. Currently, modeling the voltage signals of large ensembles of MNPs in an MPI environment is not yet accurately possible, especially for liquid tracers in multi-dimensional magnetic excitation fields. Thus, the voltage-to-image mapping is still obtained in a time consuming calibration procedure. While the ferrofluidic case can be seen as the typical setting, more recently immobilized and potentially oriented MNPs have received considerable attention. By aligning the particles during immobilization, one can encode the angle of the easy axis into the magnetization response providing a sophisticated benchmark system for model-based approaches. In this work, we address the modeling problem for immobilized, oriented MNPs in the context of MPI. We investigate a model-based approach where the magnetization response is simulated by a Néel rotation model for the particle's magnetic moments and the ensemble magnetization is obtained by solving a Fokker-Planck equation approach. Since the parameters of the model are a-priori unknown, we investigate different methods for performing a parameter identification and discuss two models: One where a single function vector is used from the space spanned by the model parameters and another where a superposition of function vectors is considered. We show that our model can much more accurately reproduce the orientation dependent signal response when compared to the equilibrium model, which marks the current state-of-the-art for model-based system matrix simulations in MPI.
Stegostomatidae Gill 1862
Creators: name: Golani, Daniel
name: Fricke, Ronald
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Elasmobranchii
Lamniformes
Stegostomatidae

description: STEGOSTOMATIDAE   Stegostoma fasciatum (Hermann 1783)
 Gulf of Suez: ¯
 Gulf of Aqaba: Jordan (Khalaf & Disi 1997).
 Red Sea main basin: Egypt (Klunzinger 1871), Eritrea (Tortonese 1935, as Stegostoma varius; Baranes 2013), Saudi Arabia (Rüppell 1837, as Scyllium heptagonum; Spaet & Berumen 2015).
 General distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East Africa east to Marshall Islands and Samoa.
description: Published as part of Golani, Daniel & Fricke, Ronald, 2018, Checklist of the Red Sea Fishes with delineation of the Gulf of Suez, Gulf of Aqaba, endemism and Lessepsian migrants, pp. 1-215 in Zootaxa 4509 (1) on page 8, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4509.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/2607566
The SPIRou wavelength calibration for precise radial velocities in the near infrared
Creators: name: Hobson, M. J.
name: Bouchy, F.
name: Cook, N. J.
name: Artigau, E.
name: Moutou, C.
name: Boisse, I.
name: Lovis, C.
name: Carmona, A.
name: Delfosse, X.
name: Donati, J. -F.
name: Team, the SPIRou
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: SPIRou is a near-infrared (nIR) spectropolarimeter at the CFHT, covering the YJHK nIR spectral bands ($980-2350\,\mathrm{nm}$). We describe the development and current status of the SPIRou wavelength calibration in order to obtain precise radial velocities (RVs) in the nIR. We make use of a UNe hollow-cathode lamp and a Fabry-Pérot étalon to calibrate the pixel-wavelength correspondence for SPIRou. Different methods are developed for identifying the hollow-cathode lines, for calibrating the wavelength dependence of the Fabry-Pérot cavity width, and for combining the two calibrators. The hollow-cathode spectra alone do not provide a sufficiently accurate wavelength solution to meet the design requirements of an internal error of $\mathrm{<0.45\,m\,s^{-1}}$, for an overall RV precision of $\mathrm{1\,m\,s^{-1}}$. However, the combination with the Fabry-Pérot spectra allows for significant improvements, leading to an internal error of $\mathrm{\sim 0.15\,m\,s^{-1}}$. We examine the inter-night stability, intra-night stability, and impact on the stellar RVs of the wavelength solution.
description: 12 pages, 9 figures. Accepted to A&A
Magnetization reversal and nonexponential relaxation via instabilities of internal spin waves in nanomagnets
Creators: name: Garanin, D. A.
name: Kachkachi, H.
name: Reynaud, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A magnetic particle with atomic spins ordered in an unstable direction is an example of a false vacuum that decays via excitation of internal spin waves. Coupled evolution of the particle's magnetization (or the vacuum state) and spin waves, considered in the time-dependent vacuum frame, leads to a peculiar relaxation that is very fast at the beginning but slows down to a nonexponential long tail at the end. The two main scenarios are linear and exponential spin-wave instabilities. For the former, the longitudinal and transverse relaxation rates have been obtained analytically. Numerical simulations show that the particle's magnetization strongly decreases in the middle of reversal and then recovers.
description: 6 EPL pages, 4 figures
Electron-Nuclear Interactions as a Test of Crystal-Field Parameters for Low Symmetry Systems: Zeeman-Hyperfine Spectroscopy of Ho$^{3+}$ Doped Y$_2$SiO$_5$
Creators: name: Mothkuri, Sagar
name: Reid, Michael F.
name: Wells, Jon-Paul R.
name: Lafitte-Houssat, Eloïse
name: Goldner, Philippe
name: Ferrier, Alban
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: High-resolution Zeeman spectroscopy of electronic-nuclear hyperfine levels of ${^5\mathrm{I}_8}\rightarrow{^5\mathrm{I}_7}$ transitions in Ho$^{3+}$:Y$_2$SiO$_5$ is reported. Crystal-field parameters determined for the two $C_1$ symmetry sites in Er$^{3+}$:Y$_2$SiO$_5$ are successfully used to model the Zeeman-hyperfine data, including the prediction of avoided crossings between hyperfine levels under the influence of an external magnetic field. The two six- and seven-coordinate substitutional sites may be distinguished by comparing the spectra with crystal-field calculations.
Iris super-resolution using CNNs: is photo-realism important to iris recognition?
Creators: name: Ribeiro, Eduardo
name: Uhl, Andreas
name: Alonso-Fernandez, Fernando
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The use of low-resolution images adopting more relaxed acquisition conditions such as mobile phones and surveillance videos is becoming increasingly common in iris recognition nowadays. Concurrently, a great variety of single image super-resolution techniques are emerging, especially with the use of convolutional neural networks (CNNs). The main objective of these methods is to try to recover finer texture details generating more photo-realistic images based on the optimisation of an objective function depending basically on the CNN architecture and training approach. In this work, the authors explore single image super-resolution using CNNs for iris recognition. For this, they test different CNN architectures and use different training databases, validating their approach on a database of 1.872 near infrared iris images and on a mobile phone image database. They also use quality assessment, visual results and recognition experiments to verify if the photo-realism provided by the CNNs which have already proven to be effective for natural images can reflect in a better recognition rate for iris recognition. The results show that using deeper architectures trained with texture databases that provide a balance between edge preservation and the smoothness of the method can lead to good results in the iris recognition process.
description: Published at IET Biometrics
The quadratic spinor Lagrangian, axial torsion current, and generalizations
Creators: name: da Rocha, Roldao
name: Pereira, J. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that the Einstein-Hilbert, the Einstein-Palatini, and the Holst actions can be derived from the Quadratic Spinor Lagrangian (QSL), when the three classes of Dirac spinor fields, under Lounesto spinor field classification, are considered. To each one of these classes, there corresponds a unique kind of action for a covariant gravity theory. In other words, it is shown to exist a one-to-one correspondence between the three classes of non-equivalent solutions of the Dirac equation, and Einstein-Hilbert, Einstein-Palatini, and Holst actions. Furthermore, it arises naturally, from Lounesto spinor field classification, that any other class of spinor field (Weyl, Majorana, flagpole, or flag-dipole spinor fields) yields a trivial (zero) QSL, up to a boundary term. To investigate this boundary term we do not impose any constraint on the Dirac spinor field, and consequently we obtain new terms in the boundary component of the QSL. In the particular case of a teleparallel connection, an axial torsion 1-form current density is obtained. New terms are also obtained in the corresponding Hamiltonian formalism. We then discuss how these new terms could shed new light on more general investigations.
description: 9 pages, RevTeX, to be published in Int.J.Mod.Phys.D (2007)
Additional file 1 of Chromium-based metal organic framework for pipette tip micro-solid phase extraction: an effective approach for determination of methyl and propyl parabens in wastewater and shampoo samples
Creators: name: Kaykhaii, Massoud
name: Hashemi, Sayyed Hossein
name: Andarz, Fariba
name: Piri, Amin
name: Sargazi, Ghasem
name: Boczkaj, Grzegorz
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Inorganic Chemistry

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Design media in the RSM model for the optimization of Cr-MOF PT-µSPE. Table S2. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) for parabens.
Rhincodontidae
Creators: name: Golani, Daniel
name: Fricke, Ronald
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Pisces
Orectolobiformes
Rhincodontidae

description: RHINCODONTIDAE   Rhincodon typus Smith 1828
 Gulf of Suez: Egypt (Tortonese 1956).
 Gulf of Aqaba: Israel (Baranes 1973, 2013), Jordan (Khalaf & Disi 1997).
 Red Sea main basin: Egypt (Debelius 2007), Sudan (Gudger 1938, as Rhineodon sp.), Eritrea (Gudger 1938, as Rhineodon sp.), Yemen (Gudger 1938, as Rhineodon sp.).
 General distribution: Circumglobal in tropical and warm temperate seas except the Mediterranean.
description: Published as part of Golani, Daniel & Fricke, Ronald, 2018, Checklist of the Red Sea Fishes with delineation of the Gulf of Suez, Gulf of Aqaba, endemism and Lessepsian migrants, pp. 1-215 in Zootaxa 4509 (1) on page 10, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4509.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/2607566
The Evolution of AM CVn Binaries
Creators: name: Green, Matthew
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019

description: AM CVn stars are ultracompact, accreting binaries in which both stars are either degenerate or semi-degenerate. Several formation channels have been suggested for AM CVn binaries, including a favoured model in which they descend directly from double white dwarf binaries. The double white dwarf channel has uncertainties around the fraction of double degenerate binaries which will reach a state of stable accretion versus those that will merge. Historic observations of the composition of the accreted material have favoured the double white dwarf channel as a prominent source of AM CVn binaries. On the other hand, recent observations seem to challenge current models of the double white dwarf channel. These observations include donor mass measurements (especially from eclipsing systems) and absolute magnitude measurements from Gaia. Both sets of observations suggest that the donors in AM CVn binaries are more inflated than is predicted by current models of the double degenerate channel. I will present an overview of these results and discuss future work that might help to unveil these mysteries.
Constraining viscous dark energy models with the latest cosmological data
Creators: name: Wang, Deng
name: Yan, Yang-Jie
name: Meng, Xin-He
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Based on the assumption that the dark energy possessing bulk viscosity is homogenously and isotropically permeated in the universe, we propose three new viscous dark energy (VDE) models to characterize the accelerating universe. By constraining these three models with the latest cosmological observations, we find that they just deviate very slightly from the standard cosmological model and can alleviate effectively the current $H_0$ tension between the local observation by the Hubble Space Telescope and the global measurement by the Planck Satellite. Interestingly, we conclude that a spatially flat universe in our VDE model with cosmic curvature is still supported by current data, and the scale invariant primordial power spectrum is strongly excluded at least at the $5.5σ$ confidence level in three VDE models as the Planck result. We also give the $95\%$ upper limits of the typical bulk viscosity parameter $η$ in three VDE scenarios.
description: 12 Pages, 10 figures, published in EPJC
Topological fractal networks introduced by mixed degree distribution
Creators: name: Zou, Liuhua
name: Pei, Wenjiang
name: Li, Tao
name: He, Zhenya
name: Cheung, Yiuming
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Several fundamental properties of real complex networks, such as the small-world effect, the scale-free degree distribution, and recently discovered topological fractal structure, have presented the possibility of a unique growth mechanism and allow for uncovering universal origins of collective behaviors. However, highly clustered scale-free network, with power-law degree distribution, or small-world network models, with exponential degree distribution, are not self-similarity. We investigate networks growth mechanism of the branching-deactivated geographical attachment preference that learned from certain empirical evidence of social behaviors. It yields high clustering and spectrums of degree distribution ranging from algebraic to exponential, average shortest path length ranging from linear to logarithmic. We observe that the present networks fit well with small-world graphs and scale-free networks in both limit cases (exponential and algebraic degree distribution respectively), obviously lacking self-similar property under a length-scale transformation. Interestingly, we find perfect topological fractal structure emerges by a mixture of both algebraic and exponential degree distributions in a wide range of parameter values. The results present a reliable connection among small-world graphs, scale-free networks and topological fractal networks, and promise a natural way to investigate universal origins of collective behaviors.
description: 14 pages, 6 figures
Additional file 1 of Application of total keratometry in ten intraocular lens power calculation formulas in highly myopic eyes
Creators: name: Wei, Ling
name: Cheng, Kaiwen
name: He, Wenwen
name: Zhu, Xiangjia
name: Lu, Yi
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: Medicine
Cell Biology
Molecular Biology
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Science Policy

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Agreement between total keratometry and standard keratometry in different central corneal thickness subgroups. Table S2. Absolute prediction errors of different IOL formulas using total keratometry or standard keratometry in highly myopic subgroups.
Additional file 1 of Protocol for a meta-narrative review on research paradigms addressing the urban built environment and human health
Creators: name: Kim, Jinhee
name: Harris-Roxas, Ben
name: de Leeuw, Evelyne
name: Lilley, David
name: Crimeen, Alana
name: Sainsbury, Peter
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1. PRISMA-P checklist.
The nonlinear bending-torsion theory for curved rods as Gamma-limit of three-dimensional elasticity
Creators: name: Scardia, Lucia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Commutative Algebra (math.AC)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 74K10; 49J45

description: The problem of the rigorous derivation of one-dimensional models for nonlinearly elastic curved beams is studied in a variational setting. Considering different scalings of the three-dimensional energy and passing to the limit as the diameter of the beam goes to zero, a nonlinear model for strings and a bending-torsion theory for rods are deduced.
description: 20 pages
Subarcsecond Resolution Mid-Infrared Observations of Super Star Clusters in the Antennae (NGC4038/4039)
Creators: name: Snijders, Leonie
name: van der Werf, Paul P.
name: Brandl, Bernhard R.
name: Mengel, Sabine
name: Schaerer, Daniel
name: Wang, Zhong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this letter we present ground-based subarcsecond mid-infrared imaging and spectroscopy of young super star clusters in the overlap region of the merging galaxies NGC4038/4039 (the Antennae) obtained with the VLT Imager and Spectrometer for mid-Infrared (VISIR). With its unprecedented spatial resolution VISIR begins to resolve the HII/PDR complexes around the star-forming regions for the first time. In the N-band spectra of two young star clusters unexpectedly low polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) emission is observed, compared to what is seen with the Infrared Space Observatory (ISO) and with the Spitzer Space Telescope. We conclude that a large fraction of the PAH emission cannot directly be associated with the super star clusters, but originate from an extended region of at least 215 pc radius around the clusters. In the distribution of [NeII] 12.81 micron emission a highly obscured cluster is discovered that does not have an optical or near-infrared counterpart.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures, accepted for publication in ApJL
Additional file 2 of Protocol for a meta-narrative review on research paradigms addressing the urban built environment and human health
Creators: name: Kim, Jinhee
name: Harris-Roxas, Ben
name: de Leeuw, Evelyne
name: Lilley, David
name: Crimeen, Alana
name: Sainsbury, Peter
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 2. Search strategy.
Next-to-Next-to-Leading Order Evolution of Non-Singlet Fragmentation Functions
Creators: name: Mitov, A.
name: Moch, S.
name: Vogt, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have investigated the next-to-next-to-leading order (NNLO) corrections to inclusive hadron production in e^+e^- annihilation and the related parton fragmentation distributions, the `time-like' counterparts of the `space-like' deep-inelastic structure functions and parton densities. We have re-derived the corresponding second-order coefficient functions in massless perturbative QCD, which so far had been calculated only by one group. Moreover we present, for the first time, the third-order splitting functions governing the NNLO evolution of flavour non-singlet fragmentation distributions. These results have been obtained by two independent methods relating time-like quantities to calculations performed in deep-inelastic scattering. We briefly illustrate the numerical size of the NNLO corrections, and make a prediction for the difference of the yet unknown time-like and space-like splitting functions at the fourth order in the strong coupling constant.
description: 10 pages, LaTeX, 2 eps-figures
Book Reviews
Creators: name: Wirth, David A.
Publisher: name: Columbia Journal of Environmental Law
Year: 2020

description: PUBLIC POLICY FOR CHEMICALS: NATIONAL AND INTERNATIONAL ISSUES. By Sam Gusman, Konrad von Moltke, Frances Irwin & Cynthia Whitehead. Washington: The Conversation Foundation, 1980. Pp. xiv, 144. $8.50.
description: Columbia Journal of Environmental Law, 卷 7 编号 1 (1980): Volume 7.1
Problèmes de notation et de transcription dans la « Facultad Organica » de Francisco Correa de Arauxo (1626)
Creators: name: Bovet, Guy
Publisher: name: Pavia University Press - Edizioni dell'Università degli Studi di Pavia
Year: 2008
Subjects: Francisco Correa de Arauxo; organo XVII secolo; intavolatura per tastiera; Spagna XVII secolo; notazione XVII secolo; edizione critica

description: Il presente testo è il sintetico  			resoconto del seminario sulla nuova edizione della Facultad  			organica (1626) di Francisco Correa de Arauxo. Al di là della  			facile lettura dell’intavolatura, si sottolineano le difficoltà  			della trascrizione in notazione moderna, soprattutto la conduzione e  			i frequenti incroci delle voci, i raggruppamenti delle note e la  			notazione ritmica delle proporzioni.
description: Philomusica on-line, Vol 6, N° 1 (2007): Annata 2007
Low-mass, helium-enriched PG1159 stars: a possible evolutionary origin and the implications for their pulsational stability properties
Creators: name: Althaus, L. G.
name: Córsico, A. H.
name: Bertolami, M. M. Miller
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine a recently-proposed evolutionary scenario that could explain the existence of the low-mass, helium-enriched PG1159 stars. We assess the overstability of pulsation g-modes of stellar models as evolution proceeds along the PG1159 domain. Stellar models are extracted from the full evolution of a 1 Mo model star that experiences its first thermal pulse as a late thermal pulse (LTP) after leaving the AGB. The evolutionary stages corresponding to the born-again episode and the subsequent helium sub-flashes are taken into account in detail. Under reasonable mass-loss rate assumptions, the evolutionary scenario reproduces the high helium abundances observed in some PG1159 stars. We find that, despite the high helium abundance in the driving layers, there exists a narrow region in the log g-log Teff diagram for which the helium-enriched PG1159 sequence exhibits unstable pulsation modes with periods in the range 500 to 1600 s. In particular, the nonpulsating helium-enriched PG1159 star, MCT 0130-1937, is located outside the theoretical instability domain. Our results suggest that MCT 0130-1937 is a real non-pulsating star and that the lack of pulsations should not be attributed to unfavorable geometry. Our study hints at a consistent picture between the evolutionary scenario that could explain the existence of helium-enriched PG1159 stars and the nonvariable nature of MCT 0130-1937. We also present theoretical support for the unusually high helium abundance observed in the nonpulsating PG1159 star HS 1517+7403. We suggest that HS 1517+7403 could be a transition object linking the low-mass helium-rich O(He) stars with the helium-enriched PG1159 stars via the evolutionary connection K1-27-->HS 1517+7403-->MCT 0130-1937.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures. To be published in Astronomy and Astrophysics (2007)
Aspects of Pseudo Entropy in Field Theories
Creators: name: Mollabashi, Ali
name: Shiba, Noburo
name: Takayanagi, Tadashi
name: Tamaoka, Kotaro
name: Wei, Zixia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this article, we explore properties of pseudo entropy [1] in quantum field theories and spin systems from several approaches. Pseudo entropy is a generalization of entanglement entropy such that it depends on both an initial and final state and has a clear gravity dual via the AdS/CFT. We numerically analyze a class of free scalar field theories and the XY spin model. This reveals the basic properties of pseudo entropy in many-body systems, namely, the area law behavior, the saturation behavior, and the non-positivity of difference between the pseudo entropy and averaged entanglement entropy in the same quantum phase. In addition, our numerical analysis finds an example where the strong subadditivity of pseudo entropy gets violated. Interestingly we find that the non-positivity of the difference can be violated only if the initial and final states belong to different quantum phases. We also present analytical arguments which support these properties by both conformal field theoretic and holographic calculations. When the initial and final states belong to different topological phases, we expect a gapless mode localized along an interface, which enhances the pseudo entropy leading to the violation of the non-positivity of the difference. Moreover, we also compute the time evolution of pseudo entropy after a global quench, were we observe that the imaginary part of pseudo entropy shows interesting characteristc behavior.
description: 35 pages, revtex, 25 figures, v2: a minor correction is added
Some Remarks on the KP System of the Camassa-Holm Hierarchy
Creators: name: Ortenzi, Giovanni
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study a Kadomtsev-Petviashvili system for the local Camassa-Holm hierarchy obtaining a candidate to the Baker-Akhiezer function for its first reduction generalizing the local Camassa-Holm. We focus our attention on the differences with the standard KdV-KP case.
description: This is a contribution to the Proc. of workshop on Geometric Aspects of Integrable Systems (July 17-19, 2006; Coimbra, Portugal), published in SIGMA (Symmetry, Integrability and Geometry: Methods and Applications) at http://www.emis.de/journals/SIGMA/