cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
A broadly cross-reactive monoclonal antibody against hepatitis E virus capsid antigen
Creators: name: Kubickova, Barbara
name: Schenk, Jörg A.
name: Ramm, Franziska
name: Markuškienė, Kornelija
name: Reetz, Jochen
name: Dremsek, Paul
name: Tamosiunas, Paulius Lukas
name: Cepulyte, Laima
name: Trinh, Hoai Anh
name: Scholz, Johannes
name: Memczak, Henry
name: Hovestädt, Marc
name: Ryll, René
name: Petraityte-Burneikiene, Rasa
name: Corman, Victor M.
name: Andersson, Anika
name: Becher, Dietmar
name: Groschup, Martin H.
name: Kubick, Stefan
name: Sellrie, Frank
name: Johne, Reimar
name: Ulrich, Rainer G.
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Hepatitis E virus
subject: HEV-1
subject: HEV-2
subject: HEV-3
subject: HEV-4
subject: HEV-7
subject: ratHEV
subject: batHEV
subject: cvHEV
subject: Monoclonal antibody
subject: Cross-reactivity
subject: Cell-free synthesis
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::615 Pharmakologie, Therapeutik

description: To generate a hepatitis E virus (HEV) genotype 3 (HEV-3)–specific monoclonal antibody (mAb), the Escherichia coli–expressed carboxy-terminal part of its capsid protein was used to immunise BALB/c mice. The immunisation resulted in the induction of HEV-specific antibodies of high titre. The mAb G117-AA4 of IgG1 isotype was obtained showing a strong reactivity with the homologous E. coli, but also yeast-expressed capsid protein of HEV-3. The mAb strongly cross-reacted with ratHEV capsid protein derivatives produced in both expression systems and weaker with an E. coli–expressed batHEV capsid protein fragment. In addition, the mAb reacted with capsid protein derivatives of genotypes HEV-2 and HEV-4 and common vole hepatitis E virus (cvHEV), produced by the cell-free synthesis in Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) and Spodoptera frugiperda (Sf21) cell lysates. Western blot and line blot reactivity of the mAb with capsid protein derivatives of HEV-1 to HEV-4, cvHEV, ratHEV and batHEV suggested a linear epitope. Use of truncated derivatives of ratHEV capsid protein in ELISA, Western blot, and a Pepscan analysis allowed to map the epitope within a partially surface-exposed region with the amino acid sequence LYTSV. The mAb was also shown to bind to human patient–derived HEV-3 from infected cell culture and to hare HEV-3 and camel HEV-7 capsid proteins from transfected cells by immunofluorescence assay. The novel mAb may serve as a useful tool for further investigations on the pathogenesis of HEV infections and might be used for diagnostic purposes. Key points • The antibody showed cross-reactivity with capsid proteins of different hepeviruses. • The linear epitope of the antibody was mapped in a partially surface-exposed region. • The antibody detected native HEV-3 antigen in infected mammalian cells.
Plasmon Injection to Compensate and Control Losses in Negative Index Metamaterials
Creators: name: Sadatgol, Mehdi
name: Özdemir, Şahin K.
name: Yang, Lan
name: Güney, Durdu Ö.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Metamaterials have introduced a whole new world of unusual materials with functionalities that cannot be attained in naturally occurring material systems by mimicking and controlling the natural phenomena at subwavelength scales. However, the inherent absorption losses pose fundamental challenge to the most fascinating applications of metamaterials. Based on a novel plasmon injection (PI or Π) scheme, we propose a coherent optical amplification technique to compensate losses in metamaterials. Although the proof of concept device here operates under normal incidence only, our proposed scheme can be generalized to arbitrary form of incident waves. The Π-scheme is fundamentally different than major optical amplification schemes. It does not require gain medium, interaction with phonons, or any nonlinear medium. The Π-scheme allows for loss-free metamaterials. It is ideally suited for mitigating losses in metamaterials operating in the visible spectrum and is scalable to other optical frequencies. These findings open the possibility of reviving the early dreams of making 'magical' metamaterials from scratch.
description: Main text, 8 pages with 4 figures; supplemental material, 21 pages with 21 figures
A Disappointing Democracy? Political Representation, Inequality, and Policy in South Africa Since 1994
Creators: name: McDonough, Bridie
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: How important is it for a nation’s legislature to be proportional to the population in physical characteristics, like race and sex? Would such a legislature produce policies that better represent the constituency’s interests? With a descriptive representation framework, this study examines how a newly enfranchised population changes the sex and racial composition of the South African Parliament, and how this fundamental legislative change impacts the poverty/inequality rates, policy rhetoric, and public opinion since 1994. South Africa is an ideal case study because of the nation’s abrupt, rapid revolution that over-turned apartheid rule, thereby placing the start of universal suffrage at a distinct period of time compared to other countries. Past research has focused on inequality and economic policies in South Africa; however, scholars have yet to discuss these two important topics within the context of the descriptive representation of the South African Parliament. Using data from the census, national surveys, and personal compilation, this research explores how proportional the race and sex of Parliament members have been compared to the overall population and impoverished groups. Also, to determine the degree of substantive representation, the content and goals of significant macroeconomic policies since 1994 were evaluated and compared to the corresponding public opinion in newspaper articles. The findings show that the government has become more descriptively representative of the South African population since 1994. Poverty rates have recently decreased, but national inequality remains the same since before democracy. Because the public opinion of the poverty and inequality policies was generally positive, with a few criticisms, this study demonstrates that descriptive representation led to substantive representation. These results add to the existing literature on descriptive representation, substantive representation, and democracy.
Tackling the frailty burden with an integrative value-based approach: results from a mixed-methods study
Creators: name: Fürstenau, Daniel
name: Haneke, Hannah
name: Spies, Claudia
name: Walz, Tim
name: Schewina, Kai
name: Höft, Moritz
name: Mörgeli, Rudolf
name: Balzer, Felix
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Frailty
subject: Value-based health care
subject: Digital health solutions
subject: Barriers
subject: Perioperative process
subject: Integrative approach
subject: 300 Sozialwissenschaften::330 Wirtschaft::330 Wirtschaft

description: Aim The purpose of this paper is to investigate the implementation of value-based care principles in the context of frailty in the perioperative process, highlighting the importance of an integrative perspective considering medical and patient-centric outcomes as well as costs. Subject and methods This mixed-methods study employs a sequential design. Qualitative observational data were used to identify needs and barriers for implementing value-based principles, and quantitative methods were subsequently used to demonstrate the value of employing such an approach using data gathered from n = 952 patients. Propensity score matching was applied to identify the frailty-associated costs of the inpatient setting for n = 381 non-frail and n = 381 (pre-)frail patients, in particular considering patient-centric outcomes. Results The qualitative analysis identified three main challenges when implementing value-based principles in the context of perioperative care and frailty, namely challenges related to the cost, patient-centric, and integrative perspectives. In addressing these shortcomings, a quantitative analysis of a propensity score-matched sample of patients undergoing surgery shows additional frailty-associated costs of 3583.01 [1654.92; 5511.04] EUR for (pre-)frail patients and the influence of individual patient-centric attributes. Effect size Cohen’s d was 0.26. Conclusion The results demonstrate that frailty should be considered from an integrative perspective, taking cost, patient-centered outcomes, and medical outcomes into account simultaneously. The results also show the value of a research design which uses qualitative data for the identification of needs and barriers, as well as quantitative data for demonstrating the usefulness of the conceived value-based approach to perioperative care delivery.
Subaru/HDS study of CH stars: elemental abundances for stellar neutron-capture process studies
Creators: name: Goswami, Aruna
name: Aoki, Wako
name: Karinkuzhi, Drisya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A comprehensive abundance analysis providing rare insight into the chemical history of lead stars is still lacking. We present results from high resolution (R ~ 50000), spectral analyses of three CH stars, HD 26, HD 198269, HD 224959, and, a carbon star with a dusty envelope, HD 100764. Previous studies on these objects are limited by both resolution and wavelength regions and the results differ significantly from each other. We have undertaken to re-analyse the chemical composition of these objects based on high resolution Subaru spectra covering the wavelength regions 4020 to 6775 A,. Considering local thermodynamic equilibrium and using model atmospheres, we have derived the stellar parameters, the effective temperatures Teff, surface gravities log g, and metallicities [Fe/H] for these objects. The derived parameters for HD 26, HD 100764, HD 198269 and HD 224959 are (5000, 1.6, -1.13), (4750, 2.0 -0.86), (4500, 1.5, -2.06) and (5050, 2.1, -2.44) respectively. The stars are found to exhibit large enhancements of heavy elements relative to iron in conformity to previous studies. Large enhancement of Pb with respect to iron is also confirmed. Updates on the elemental abundances for several s-process elements (Y, Zr, La, Ce, Nd, Sm, Pb) along with the first-time estimates of abundances for a number of other heavy elements (Sr, Ba, Pr, Eu, Er, W) are reported. Our analysis suggests that neutron-capture elements in HD 26 primarily originate in s-process while the major contributions to the abundances of neutron-capture elements in the more metal-poor objects HD 224959 and HD 198269 are from r-process, possibly formed from materials that are pre-enriched with products of r-process.
description: 28 pages, 8 figures, Accepted for publication in MNRAS. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1002.4477
Parental well-being in times of Covid-19 in Germany
Creators: name: Huebener, Mathias
name: Waights, Sevrin
name: Spiess, C. Katharina
name: Siegel, Nico A.
name: Wagner, Gert G.
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Well-being
subject: Covid-19
subject: Corona virus
subject: Family
subject: Children
subject: Day care closures
subject: School closures
subject: COMPASS
subject: SOEP
subject: 300 Sozialwissenschaften::300 Sozialwissenschaften, Soziologie::300 Sozialwissenschaften

description: We examine the effects of Covid-19 and related restrictions on individuals with dependent children in Germany. We specifically focus on the role of day care center and school closures, which may be regarded as a “disruptive exogenous shock” to family life. We make use of a novel representative survey of parental well-being collected in May and June 2020 in Germany, when schools and day care centers were closed but while other measures had been relaxed and new infections were low. In our descriptive analysis, we compare well-being during this period with a pre-crisis period for different groups. In a difference-in-differences design, we compare the change for individuals with children to the change for individuals without children, accounting for unrelated trends as well as potential survey mode and context effects. We find that the crisis lowered the relative well-being of individuals with children, especially for individuals with young children, for women, and for persons with lower secondary schooling qualifications. Our results suggest that public policy measures taken to contain Covid-19 can have large effects on family well-being, with implications for child development and parental labor market outcomes.
CT14QED PDFs from Isolated Photon Production in Deep Inelastic Scattering
Creators: name: Schmidt, Carl
name: Pumplin, Jon
name: Stump, Daniel
name: Yuan, C. -P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe the implementation of Quantum Electrodynamic (QED) evolution at Leading Order (LO) along with Quantum Chromodynamic (QCD) evolution at Next-to-Leading Order (NLO) in the CTEQ-TEA Global analysis package. The inelastic contribution to the photon Parton Distribution Function (PDF) is described by a two-parameter ansatz, coming from radiation off the valence quarks, and based on the CT14 NLO PDFs. Setting the two parameters to be equal allows us to completely specify the inelastic photon PDF in terms of the inelastic momentum fraction carried by the photon, $p_0^γ$, at the initial scale $Q_0=1.295$ GeV. We obtain constraints on the photon PDF by comparing with ZEUS data~\cite{Chekanov:2009dq} on the production of isolated photons in deep inelastic scattering, $ep\rightarrow eγ+X$. For this comparison we present a new perturbative calculation of the process that consistently combines the photon-initiated contribution with the quark-initiated contribution. Comparison with the data allows us to put a constraint at the 90\% confidence level of $p_0^γ\lesssim0.14\%$ for the inelastic photon PDF at the initial scale of $Q_0=1.295$ GeV in the one-parameter radiative ansatz. The resulting inelastic CT14QED PDFs will be made available to the public. In addition, we also provide CT14QEDinc PDFs, in which the {\em inclusive} photon PDF at the scale $Q_0$ is defined by the sum of the inelastic photon PDF and the elastic photon distribution obtained from the Equivalent Photon Approximation.
description: 29 pages, 13 figures. Version to be published in Physical Review D. Emphasizes that the ZEUS data probes the "inelastic" contribution to the photon PDF, in which the proton does not remain intact. Thus, the CT14QED photon PDF only contains the inelastic contribution. We also provide CT14QEDinc PDFs, which contain the full inclusive photon PDF
Final Results of GERDA on the Two-Neutrino Double-$β$ Decay Half-Life of $^{76}$Ge
Creators: name: GERDA Collaboration
name: Agostini, M.
name: Alexander, A.
name: Araujo, G. R.
name: Bakalyarov, A. M.
name: Balata, M.
name: Barabanov, I.
name: Baudis, L.
name: Bauer, C.
name: Belogurov, S.
name: Bettini, A.
name: Bezrukov, L.
name: Biancacci, V.
name: Bossio, E.
name: Bothe, V.
name: Brugnera, R.
name: Caldwell, A.
name: Calgaro, S.
name: Cattadori, C.
name: Chernogorov, A.
name: Chiu, P. -J.
name: Comellato, T.
name: D'Andrea, V.
name: Demidova, E. V.
name: Di Giacinto, A.
name: Di Marco, N.
name: Doroshkevich, E.
name: Fischer, F.
name: Fomina, M.
name: Gangapshev, A.
name: Garfagnini, A.
name: Gooch, C.
name: Grabmayr, P.
name: Gurentsov, V.
name: Gusev, K.
name: Hackenmüller, S.
name: Hemmer, S.
name: Hofmann, W.
name: Huang, J.
name: Hult, M.
name: Inzhechik, L. V.
name: Csáthy, J. Janicskó
name: Jochum, J.
name: Junker, M.
name: Kazalov, V.
name: Kermaïdic, Y.
name: Khushbakht, H.
name: Kihm, T.
name: Kilgus, K.
name: Kirpichnikov, I. V.
name: Klimenko, A.
name: Knöpfle, K. T.
name: Kochetov, O.
name: Kornoukhov, V. N.
name: Krause, P.
name: Kuzminov, V. V.
name: Laubenstein, M.
name: Lehnert, B.
name: Lindner, M.
name: Lippi, I.
name: Lubashevskiy, A.
name: Lubsandorzhiev, B.
name: Lutter, G.
name: Macolino, C.
name: Majorovits, B.
name: Maneschg, W.
name: Manzanillas, L.
name: Marshall, G.
name: Miloradovic, M.
name: Mingazheva, R.
name: Misiaszek, M.
name: Morella, M.
name: Müller, Y.
name: Nemchenok, I.
name: Neuberger, M.
name: Pandola, L.
name: Pelczar, K.
name: Pertoldi, L.
name: Piseri, P.
name: Pullia, A.
name: Ransom, C.
name: Rauscher, L.
name: Redchuk, M.
name: Riboldi, S.
name: Rumyantseva, N.
name: Sada, C.
name: Sailer, S.
name: Salamida, F.
name: Schönert, S.
name: Schreiner, J.
name: Schütt, M.
name: Schütz, A. -K.
name: Schulz, O.
name: Schwarz, M.
name: Schwingenheuer, B.
name: Selivanenko, O.
name: Shevchik, E.
name: Shirchenko, M.
name: Shtembari, L.
name: Simgen, H.
name: Smolnikov, A.
name: Stukov, D.
name: Sullivan, S.
name: Vasenko, A. A.
name: Veresnikova, A.
name: Vignoli, C.
name: von Sturm, K.
name: Wester, T.
name: Wiesinger, C.
name: Wojcik, M.
name: Yanovich, E.
name: Zatschler, B.
name: Zhitnikov, I.
name: Zhukov, S. V.
name: Zinatulina, D.
name: Zschocke, A.
name: Zsigmond, A. J.
name: Zuber, K.
name: Zuzel, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the measurement of the two-neutrino double-$β$ decay rate of $^{76}$Ge performed with the GERDA Phase II experiment. With a subset of the entire GERDA exposure, 11.8 kg$\cdot$yr, the half-life of the process has been determined: $T^{2ν}_{1/2} = (2.022 \pm 0.018_{stat} \pm 0.038_{sys})\times10^{21}$ yr. This is the most precise determination of the $^{76}$Ge two-neutrino double-$β$ decay half-life and one of the most precise measurements of a double-$β$ decay process. The relevant nuclear matrix element can be extracted: $M^{2ν}_{\text{eff}} = (0.101\pm0.001).$
description: 7 pages, 4 figures, 2 tables
Leisure and housing consumption after retirement: new evidence on the life-cycle hypothesis
Creators: name: Beblo, Miriam
name: Schreiber, Sven
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Consumption smoothing
subject: Retirement-consumption puzzle
subject: SOEP data
subject: Housing decisions
subject: 300 Sozialwissenschaften::330 Wirtschaft::330 Wirtschaft

description: Foreseeable income reductions around retirement should not affect aggregate consumption. However, given higher leisure endowments after retirement, theory also predicts lower consumption of leisure substitutes. To avoid misinterpreting this predicted drop as a puzzle, our novel approach focuses on housing consumption (complementary to leisure in utility) and controls for leisure changes. In Germany tenants represent roughly half of all households, making many housing expenditures directly observable in micro data. We find significant negative impacts of the retirement status on housing consumption, which is hard to reconcile with life-cycle theory. Despite the lock-in nature of past housing decisions, income reductions at retirement have additional – though small – effects on housing.
Campylobacteriose — eine zoonotische Infektionskrankheit
Creators: name: Alter, Thomas
name: Bereswill, Stefan
name: Backert, Steffen
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Campylobacteriose
subject: Zoonose
subject: Infektionskrankheit
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::616 Krankheiten

description: Campylobacter jejuni represents an important zoonotic pathogen that is causing foodborne enteric infections. In the human gut, C. jejuni bacteria induce intestinal campylobacteriosis which can develop into systemic post-infectious sequelae such as Guillain-Barré syndrome or rheumatoid arthritis. Here, we review the pathobiology and molecular mechanisms of C. jejuni infections as well as promising strategies to combat campylobacteriosis within the “One World — One Health” approach.
Stability theorem of depolarizing channels for the minimal output quantum Rényi entropies
Creators: name: Bae, Eunok
name: Gour, Gilad
name: Lee, Soojoon
name: Park, Jeonghoon
name: Sanders, Barry C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 81P45

description: We show that the stability theorem of the depolarizing channel holds for the output quantum $p$-Rényi entropy for $p \ge 2$ or $p=1$, which is an extension of the well known case $p=2$. As an application, we present a protocol in which Bob determines whether Alice prepares a pure quantum state close to a product state. In the protocol, Alice transmits to Bob multiple copies of a pure state through a depolarizing channel, and Bob estimates its output quantum $p$-Rényi entropy. By using our stability theorem, we show that Bob can determine whether her preparation is appropriate.
description: 9 pages, no figure
अनुच्छेद 21 का विस्तृतीकरण भारतीय सर्वोच्च न्यायलय, मूल अधिकार एवं अनुमानित अधिकार
Creators: name: Pandey, Anurag
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Political science not elsewhere classified

description: संविधान में वर्णित मौलिक अधिकारों को समस्त नागरिकों के बुनियादी एवं मूल मानव अधिकार के रूप में परिभाषित किया गया है। संविधान के भाग III में लिखित एवं व्याक्खित विभिन्न मौलिक अधिकार नस्ल, जन्म-स्थान, जाति, पंथ या लिंग के आधार पर भेदभाव का पूर्णतया निषेध करते हैं, जो देश के नागरिकों पर समान रूप से लागू होते हैं। ये समस्त अधिकार विशिष्ट प्रतिबंधों के अधीन अदालतों द्वारा प्रवर्तनीय हैं। भारतीय सर्वोच्च न्यायालय ने समय समय पर इन मौलिक अधिकारों की नई व्याख्या करि है और कुछ नए प्रावधानों को जोड़ा है, न्यायालय ने मुख्य रूप से अनुच्छेद 21 को विस्तृत किया है। अनुच्छेद 21 के इसी विस्तृतीकरण को अनुमानित अधिकार कहा जाता है जिसमें भारतीय नागरिकों के जीवन और व्यक्तिगत स्वतंत्रता के अधिकार को पहले से ज्यादा मजबूती दी गई है। प्रस्तुत लेख इन्ही कुछ बिन्दुओ पर प्रकाश डालता है।
Family Structure and Family Climate in Relation to Health and Socioeconomic Status for Older Adults: A Longitudinal Moderated Mediation Analysis
Creators: name: Alonso-Perez, Enrique
name: Gellert, Paul
name: Kreyenfeld, Michaela
name: O’Sullivan, Julie Lorraine
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: family climate
subject: family structure
subject: socioeconomic status
subject: health determinants
subject: biopsychosocial
subject: SHARE
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Family characteristics are associated with individuals' health and wellbeing. However, the link between family structure (e.g., operationalized via marital status) and health outcomes is ambiguous, and whether family climate mediates the relationship is unclear. This study uses the Biobehavioral Family Model (BBFM) to investigate the association of older adults' family structure with later health, the mediating role of family climate and mental health and how these links vary by socioeconomic status (SES). Using data from n = 29,457 respondents aged over 50 in Waves 4, 5 and 6 (2011, 2013 and 2015) of the Survey of Health, Retirement and Ageing in Europe (SHARE), the BBFM was applied in a longitudinal mediation analysis of family structure and health, including both indicators of mental and physical health. Structural equation modeling was applied, and a multigroup analysis was performed to test the role of SES in a moderated mediation. Family climate and mental health mediated the relationship between family structure and subsequent physical health. Good levels of family climate were found to be consistently associated with improved mental and physical health. These relationships were significantly moderated by SES, showing that the association of family climate and health was weaker for those in low SES positions. Family climate and mental health should be considered as potential mechanisms linking family structure to later physical health outcomes across time; however, these associations are diminished for those with low SES.
Landslide risk analysis of the Conero Riviera in Ancona and Portonovo, Italy
Creators: name: Blackwell, Emma
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: The cliffs above the public beaches of the Conero Riviera between Ancona and Portonovo, Italy, are comprised of sedimentary rocks and are subject to copious rainfall and occasional earthquakes. The area has experienced large-scale landslide events, from Portonovo’s 14th century landslide to Ancona’s more recent 1982 landslide. Though these events have been studied at length, there are no studies on this region’s risk of future landslides. Based on the historical and geological evidence, it is important that the Ancona coastline be assessed for landslide risk. This study aimed to determine the role of geologic structures in the area near these two historic landslides using kinematic analysis as well as structural and stratigraphic field data collected between the Ancona shipyard and the southernmost accessible beach of Monte Conero. We collected data from within several different rock units and observed distinct patterns of jointing, faulting, and bedding along the coast. Some of these structures show risk of planar and wedge failure. There is evidence of recent rockfalls and landslides, all of which were smaller than the two historical slides. We conclude that the Conero Riviera coastline is at risk for future landsliding and rockfall, making it dangerous for beachgoers.
Experiences Shared by the (Future) Public Health Workforce during the COVD-19 Pandemic in Germany: Results of a Survey on Workload, Work Content, and Related Challenges among Students and Young Professionals
Creators: name: Fischer, Florian
name: Wicherski, Julia
name: Tobollik, Myriam
name: McCall, Timothy
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: public health
subject: epidemiology
subject: SARS-CoV-2
subject: employment
subject: education
subject: training
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Although previous studies have focused on the adverse effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on various professional groups (particularly in the health and nursing care sector), this study aims to close a research gap by assessing perspectives of students and young professionals in epidemiology and public health in Germany in terms of shifts in workload, work content, and related challenges caused by the pandemic. We conducted a cross-sectional survey between mid-February and mid-March 2022. Quantitative data were analyzed via standardized mean differences. Qualitative data based on answers to open-ended questions were analyzed via a qualitative content analysis. Overall, 172 individuals participated in this survey. Results indicate that students felt burdened the most by lack of exchange with other students and lecturers. Study participants employed in public health experienced changes in their employment because they had changes in their work content- and administration, which was accompanied by a high burden due to the workload. Multiple demands that can have an impact on both acquired skills and mental health during the professional qualification phase were mentioned by the participants. Therefore, more in-depth analyses are needed to investigate the impact the pandemic will have on the (future) public health workforce in the long run.
Reflections on Time & Cinema: The Suspended Memories of Kiarostami, Alea, & Oshima
Creators: name: Penabella, Miguel
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: When talking about global art cinema, much discussion revolves around the question and merit of its cinematic style. In particular, the topic of temporality arises when examining shot length and stylized editing patterns in new wave films of the 1960s, and even later towards the turn of the millennium. Representatives of films foregrounding themes related to temporality include the films The Wind Will Carry Us (Abbas Kiarostami, 1999), Memories of Underdevelopment (Tomás Gutiérrez Alea, 1968), and Death by Hanging (Nagisa Oshima, 1968). These films reflect a certain politicized temporality, one in which contemplative open-endedness or distanciation techniques can engage the viewer on critical levels, especially along political and social lines. Style and temporality for these filmmakers is tied to politics and history. Kiarostami, Alea, and Oshima take concerted efforts to incorporate filmmaking strategies like long takes or tracking shots in political commentaries that reflect their historical and cultural contexts. These directors are particularly invested in looking back at the past as a means to examine their contemporary political situations. The films I examine with close scene analysis link temporality and politics by centralizing protagonists caught within troubling pasts, idle presents, and uncertain futures; narrativizing these characters’ preoccupation with time and history within cultural contexts; calling attention to the passage of time and history via formal techniques; and reformulating cinematic spectatorship to better appreciate the underlying political commentary essential to these texts. The issue at stake is how cinema can and has been employed as a tool that articulates the experience of time and history for global contexts, as well as its consequent effects on narrative, national identity, and spectatorship.
COVID-19 Vaccination Acceptance in the Context of the Health Belief Model: Comparative Cross-Sectional Study in Punjab, Pakistan
Creators: name: Zakar, Rubeena
name: Momina, Ain Ul
name: Shahzad, Ruhma
name: Shahzad, Sara
name: Hayee, Mahwish
name: Zakar, Muhammad Zakria
name: Fischer, Florian
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: corona
subject: SARS-CoV-2
subject: vaccine
subject: mass media
subject: cues-to-action
subject: health status
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: One of the models that could be used to understand the adoption of vaccine uptake is the Health Belief Model (HBM). The aim of this study is to assess the role of HBM constructs and Perceived Health Status (PHS) on the vaccination status of individuals and to understand the role of socio-demographic variables on HBM scoring. A comparative cross-sectional telephone survey was conducted among 1325 vaccinated (60.0%) and non-vaccinated (40.0%) individuals aged 40 years and above in July 2021 in Punjab province, Pakistan. A higher level of education was the strongest predictor of positive HBM. All constructs of HBM, PHS and cues-to-action were significant predictors of COVID-19 vaccination uptake, with perceived benefits as the strongest predictor. In order to expand the vaccination coverage, double-pronged interventions utilizing both information and communication technology and human resources should be designed that address each barrier perceived by individuals and understandably communicate the benefits of COVID-19 vaccination to the broader population.
Perceived facilitators and barriers to attendance for cervical cancer screening: A systematic review and synthesis using the Theoretical Domains Framework
Creators: name: Stuart, Gabriella
name: D'Lima, Danielle
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Health Psychology
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: Systematic review identifying modifiable barriers and facilitators to attendance for cervical cancer screening from the perspective of individuals invited to participate in organised population-based screening programmes (PCCSP) in EU member states. Databases Embase, Medline, HMIC and PsycInfo searched to identify quantitative and qualitative studies against pre-specified inclusion and exclusion criteria. Data is extracted and deductively coded to the Theoretical Domains Framework domains, followed by inductive framework analysis within the identified domains.
Expanding proton dripline by employing a number of muons
Creators: name: Liu, Lang
name: Yu, Yongle
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Through mean-field calculations, we demonstrate that, in a large $Z$ nucleus binding multiple muons, these heavy leptons localize within a few dozen femtometers of the nucleus. The mutual Coulomb interactions between the muons and the protons can lead to a substantial decrease in proton chemical potential, surpassing 1 MeV. These findings allow for expanding the proton-dripline on the nuclear chart in principle, suggesting the possible production of nuclei with Z around 120.
description: 15 pages, 9 figures
Media Coverage of Pedophilia and Its Impact on Help-Seeking Persons with Pedophilia in Germany—A Focus Group Study
Creators: name: Stelzmann, Daniela
name: Jahnke, Sara
name: Kuhle, Laura F.
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: pedophilia
subject: media coverage
subject: media effects
subject: stigma
subject: prevention
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: The public stigma associated with pedophilia, the sexual attraction to prepubescent children, is tremendous. Previous research indicates that undifferentiated media coverage plays an essential role in perpetuating the public stigma by falsely equating pedophilia and child sexual abuse (CSA) and thus may stop persons suffering from a pedophilic disorder from seeking professional help. Until now, a comprehensive examination of positive as well as negative media effects on affected individuals is missing. Therefore, the present study explores if and how media coverage impacts the lives of help-seeking persons with pedophilia by conducting four qualitative focus group discussions with a clinical sample (N = 20) from the German Prevention Network "Kein Tater werden". Present results demonstrate that media coverage of pedophilia was perceived as mostly undifferentiated, even though participants observed an increase in fact-based reporting over the years. Moreover, it seems that media coverage has strong emotional and behavioral consequences for patients (e.g., negative reporting reduced self-esteem). In sum, our results highlight that differentiated media coverage could play a key role in supporting help-seeking persons with pedophilic disorder, while the impact of undifferentiated media coverage appears to be mostly negative. Therefore, our results point to the need to reframe pedophilia using differentiated media coverage to help affected persons receive treatment efficiently and thereby prevent CSA.
Statistical fluctuations of cooperative radiation produced by nonisochronous electrons-oscillators
Creators: name: Anishchenko, S. V.
name: Baryshevsky, V. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Shot noise, intrinsic to the ensemble of nonisochronous electrons-oscillators, is the cause of statistical fluctuations in cooperative radiation generated by single-pass cyclotron-resonance masers (CRMs). Autophasing time --- the time required for the cooperative radiation power to peak --- is the critical parameter characterizing the dynamics of electrons-oscillators interacting via the radiation field. Shot-noise related fluctuations of the autophasing time imposes appreciable limitations on the possibility of coherent summation of electromagnetic oscillations from several single-pass CRMs. Premodulation of charged particles leads to a considerable narrowing of the autophasing time distribution function. When the number of particles $N_e$ exceeds a certain value that depends on the degree to which the particles have been premodulated, the relative root-mean-square deviation (RMSD) of the autophasing time $δ_T$ changes from a logarithmic dependence on $N_e$ ($δ_T\sim1/\ln N_e$) to square-root ($δ_T\sim1/\sqrt{N_e}$). As a result, there is an increased probability of coherent summation of electromagnetic oscillations from several single-pass generators. A slight energy spread ~($\sim$4\%) results in a twofold drop of the maximum attainable power of cooperative radiation.
A Framework for Diffusion Fiber-based Analysis of T1w/T2w Ratio Maps
Creators: name: Chen, Haiwei
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: Purpose: To develop, test, evaluate and apply a novel tool for the diffusion fiber-based
analysis of T1w/T2w ratio maps quantifying myelin content. Background: The cerebral white matter in the human brain develops from a mostly non-myelinated state to a nearly fully mature white matter myelination within the first few years of life. The study of myelination is of interests in a number of brain development studies. High resolution T1w/T2w ratio maps are believed to be effective in quantitatively estimating myelin content on a voxel-wise basis. I propose the use of a fiber-tract-based analysis of such T1w/T2w ratio data, as it allows us to separate fiber bundles that regional analysis imprecisely groups together, and to associate effects to specific tracts rather than
large, broad regions. Methods: I developed an intuitive tool to facilitate such fiber-based studies of T1w/T2w ratio maps. Via its Graphical User Interface (GUI) the tool is accessible to non-technical users. The framework uses calibrated T1w/T2w ratio maps and a prior fiber atlas as an input to generate profiles of T1w/T2w values using a version of the UNC atlas-based fiber analysis toolkit that I adapted to handle non-diffusion data. The resulting fiber profiles are used in a statistical analysis that performs along-tract functional statistical analysis. We applied this approach to a study
of early brain development in neonates. Results: I implemented a publicly available tool for the fiber based analysis of T1w/T2w ratio maps and tested it in a study of brain development.
An Interpretation of the Sepphoris Synagogue Mosaics
Creators: name: Hynek, Megan E.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: Although evidence now has proven otherwise, ancient synagogues were originally believed by archaeologists to lack art and imagery (Goldman 1965). This belief was based upon a passage in the Hebrew Bible which states that “no graven images” or “manners of likeness [to God]” may be created.  Rabbinic literature also contains no mention of imagery in synagogues (Goldman 1965). Archaeologists believed that a “Jewish” art form did not exist (Olin 2000; Kampen 2006; Fine 2010). Modern archaeological excavations have proven this notion false, as a wide variety of images and motifs are depicted in ancient synagogues. Common images include pagan symbols such as Helios, Temple cultic objects, and biblical scenes (Levine 2000).
  The purpose of this research is to examine the iconography of the mosaics in the main hall of the Byzantine (fifth century) synagogue at Sepphoris (Weiss 2005: XIII). Special attention is paid to common motifs of Palestinian synagogues, the role of Rabbinic literature, and other potential influences on the floor’s design. After examining possible explanations of the images, the main conclusion is that the mosaic was commissioned by a diverse, wealthy community. Several of the motifs suggest that there is potential for borrowing and exchanging of ideas from neighboring synagogues. Some of the depictions may have been influenced by priestly traditions, though the nature of that relationship, if it exists at all, would need further explanation. I did not find conclusive evidence for a single theme that runs through and ties all the images together.
Smartphone-Based Ecological Momentary Assessment of Coping with Loneliness amid COVID-19 in Germany
Creators: name: Wegner, Luisa
name: Haucke, Matthias N.
name: Heinzel, Stephan
name: Liu, Shuyan
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: perceived social isolation
subject: problem-focused coping
subject: emotion-focused coping
subject: relationship-focused coping
subject: second national lockdown
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: The COVID-19 pandemic may have caused people to feel isolated, left out, and in need of companionship. Effective strategies to cope with such unrelenting feelings of loneliness are needed. In times of COVID-19, we conducted a smartphone-based ecological momentary assessment (EMA) study with 280 lonely participants in Germany over 7 months, where a long and hard second national lockdown was in place. Each participant reported their daily loneliness and coping strategies for loneliness once in the evening for 7 consecutive days. We found that managing emotions and social relationships were associated with decreased feelings of loneliness, while using a problem-focused coping strategy was associated with increased feelings of loneliness amid COVID-19. Interestingly, managing emotions was particularly effective for easing loneliness during the second lockdown. Females tend to use more emotion-focused coping strategies to overcome their loneliness compared to males. Our study highlights the importance of managing emotions against loneliness throughout the COVID-19 pandemic in Germany. Designing technology that provides emotional support to people may be one of the keys to easing loneliness and promoting well-being.
Quantum Entanglement in $(d-1)$-Spherium
Creators: name: Toranzo, I. V.
name: Plastino, A. R.
name: Sánchez-Moreno, P.
name: Dehesa, J. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: There are very few systems of interacting particles (with continuous variables) for which the entanglement of the concomitant eigenfunctions can be computed in an exact, analytical way. Here we present analytical calculations of the amount of entanglement exhibited by $s$-states of \emph{spherium}. This is a system of two particles (electrons) interacting via a Coulomb potential and confined to a $(d-1)$-sphere (that is, to the surface of a $d$-dimensional ball). We investigate the dependence of entanglement on the radius $R$ of the system, on the spatial dimensionality $d$, and on energy. We find that entanglement increases monotonically with $R$, decreases with $d$, and also tends to increase with the energy of the eigenstates. These trends are discussed and compared with those observed in other two-electron atomic-like models where entanglement has been investigated.
description: 14 pages, 6 figures. J. Phys. A (2015). Accepted
Prospects for observing supermassive black hole binaries with the space-ground interferometer
Creators: name: Malinovsky, A. M.
name: Mikheeva, E. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A list of candidates for \textit{supermassive binary black holes} (SMBBHs), compiled from available data on the variability in the optical range and the shape of the emission spectrum, is analysed. An artificial neural network is constructed to estimate the radiation flux at 240~GHz. For those candidate SMBBH for which the network building procedure was feasible, the criterion of the possibility of observing the source at the \textit{Millimetron Space Observatory} (MSO) was tested. The result is presented as a table of 17 candidate SMBBHs. Confirmation (or refutation) of the duality of these objects by means of observational data which could be commited on a space-ground interferometer with parameters similar to those of the MSO will be an important milestone in the development of the theory of galaxy formation.
description: 15 pages, 6 figures, 2 table, typos are fixed
title: GAUSS - genesis of asteroids and evolution of the solar system
title: A sample return mission to Ceres
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Shi, Xian
name: Castillo-Rogez, Julie
name: Hsieh, Henry
name: Hui, Hejiu
name: Ip, Wing-Huen
name: Lei, Hanlun
name: Li, Jian-Yang
name: Tosi, Federico
name: Zhou, Liyong
name: Jaumann, Ralf
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Ceres
subject: Dwarf planet
subject: Sample return
subject: Ocean world
subject: Habitability
subject: Voyage 2050
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::520 Astronomie::520 Astronomie und zugeordnete Wissenschaften

description: The goal of Project GAUSS (Genesis of Asteroids and evolUtion of the Solar System) is to return samples from the dwarf planet Ceres. Ceres is the most accessible candidate of ocean worlds and the largest reservoir of water in the inner Solar System. It shows active volcanism and hydrothermal activities in recent history. Recent evidence for the existence of a subsurface ocean on Ceres and the complex geochemistry suggest past habitability and even the potential for ongoing habitability. GAUSS will return samples from Ceres with the aim of answering the following top-level scientific questions: What is the origin of Ceres and what does this imply for the origin of water and other volatiles in the inner Solar System? What are the physical properties and internal structure of Ceres? What do they tell us about the evolutionary and aqueous alteration history of dwarf planets? What are the astrobiological implications of Ceres? Is it still habitable today? What are the mineralogical connections between Ceres and our current collections of carbonaceous meteorites?
Boundary drive induced formation of aggregate condensates in stochastic transport with short-range interactions
Creators: name: Nagel, Hannes
name: Meyer-Ortmanns, Hildegard
name: Janke, Wolfhard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the effects of particle exchange through open boundaries and the induced drive on the phase structure and condensation phenomena of a stochastic transport process with tunable short-range interactions featuring pair-factorized steady states (PFSS) in the closed system. In this model, the steady state of the particle hopping process can be tuned to yield properties from the zero-range process (ZRP) condensation model to those of models with spa- tially extended condensates. By varying the particle exchange rates as well as the presence of a global drift, we observe a phase transition from a free particle gas to a phase with condensates aggregated to the boundaries. While this transition is similar to previous results for the ZRP, we find that the mechanism is different as the presence of the boundary actually influences the interaction due to the non-zero interaction range.
description: 6 pages, 7 figures