cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Spinning test body orbiting around a Kerr black hole: Eccentric equatorial orbits and their asymptotic gravitational-wave fluxes
Creators: name: Skoupý, Viktor
name: Lukes-Gerakopoulos, Georgios
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use the frequency and time domain Teukolsky formalism to calculate gravitational-wave fluxes from a spinning body on a bound eccentric equatorial orbit around a Kerr black hole. The spinning body is represented as a point particle following the pole-dipole approximation of the Mathisson-Papapetrou-Dixon equations. Reformulating these equations we are not only able to find the trajectory of a spinning particle in terms of its constants of motion, but also to provide a method to calculate the azimuthal and the radial frequency of this trajectory. Using these orbital quantities, we introduce the machinery to calculate through the frequency domain Teukolsky formalism the energy and the angular momentum fluxes at infinity, and at the horizon, along with the gravitational strain at infinity. We crosscheck the results obtained from the frequency domain approach with the results obtained from a time domain Teukolsky equation solver called Teukode.
description: 24 pages, 10 figures
Κάτω όρια για τους αριθμούς Betti μονωνυμικών ιδεωδών
Creators: name: Σπάρταλης, Χριστόφορος Ηλία
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2018
Subjects: Μονωνυμικά ιδεώδη
Monomial ideals

description: Η παρούσα διπλωματική εργασία απευθύνεται κυρίως σε αναγνώστες με βασικές γνώσεις Αντιμεταθετικής και Ομολογικής ΄Αλγεβρας και έχει σκοπό να παρουσιάσει τα αποτελέσματα της εργασίας των Adam Boocher και James Seiner με τίτλο ”Lower bounds for Betti numbers of monomial ideals”, όπως αυτή δημοσιεύθηκε στο Journal of Algebra 508 (2018) pp. 445-460 . Για να είναι προσιτή σε ευρύτερο κοινό θεωρήθηκε χρήσιμο να προσθεθεί ένα εισαγωγικό κεφάλαιο με έννοιες και αποτελέσματα, χωρίς αποδείξεις, που θα χρειαστούν σε όσους δεν έχουν εμπειρία στο συγκεκριμένο κλάδο και έπειτα να αναπτυχθεί το κυρίως μέρος της εργασίας. Το κεντρικό αποτέλεσμα που θα αποδείξουμε είναι η εύρεση ενός κάτω φράγματος για το άθροισμα των αριθμών Betti ενός μονωνυμικού ιδεώδους σε έναν πολυωνυμικό δακτύλιο πάνω από ένα σώμα καθώς και πότε αυτό το φράγμα είναι αυστηρό ή επιτυγχάνεται η ισότητα. Επίσης, θα δοθούν κάτω φράγματα και για τους ατομικούς αριθμούς Betti του ιδεώδους συναρτήσει του αριθμού των γεννητόρων του ιδεώδους.
description: This thesis is addressed to readers with basic knowledge of Commutative and Homological Algebra. Its main purpose is to study and present the results of the paper of Adam Boocher and James Seiner with title ”Lower bounds for Betti numbers of monomial ideals”, as it was published in the Journal of Algebra 508 (2018) pp. 445-460. In order to make this thesis approachable to less experienced readers, an extra introductory chapter with notations and results explaining the core chapter of the thesis has been added, without providing proofs. The main result proved in this thesis is the existence of a lower bound for the sum of the Betti numbers of a monomial ideal in a polynomial ring over a field. We examine when the equality holds. We also produce lower bounds for the Betti numbers of the ideal depending on the number of its generators.
A High-Resolution Study of the HI Content of Local Group Dwarf Irregular Galaxy WLM
Creators: name: Kepley, Amanda
name: Wilcots, Eric
name: Hunter, Deidre
name: Nordgren, Tyler
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Dwarf irregular galaxies are unique laboratories for studying the interaction between stars and the interstellar medium in low mass environments. We present the highest spatial resolution observations to date of the neutral hydrogen content of the Local Group dwarf irregular galaxy WLM. We find that WLM's neutral hydrogen distribution is typical for a galaxy of its type and size and derive an HI mass of 6.3e7 Msun for WLM. In addition, we derive an HI extent for WLM of 30 arcmin, which is much less than the 45 arcmin extent found by Huchtmeier, Seiradakis, and Materne (1981). We show that the broken ring of high column density neutral hydrogen surrounding the center of WLM is likely the result of star formation propagating out from the center of the galaxy. The young stars and Ha emission in this galaxy are mostly correlated with the high column density neutral hydrogen. The gap in the central ring is the result of star formation in that region using up, blowing out, or ionizing all of the neutral hydrogen. Like many late-type galaxies, WLM's velocity field is asymmetric with the approaching (northern) side appearing to be warped and a steeper velocity gradient for the approaching side than for the receding side in the inner region of the galaxy. We derive a dynamical mass for WLM of 2.16e9 Msun.
description: 38 pages, 15 figures, 5 tables, accepted by AJ, high resolution version at http://www.astro.wisc.edu/~kepley/kepley_wlm.ps
Natural FLRW metrics on the Lie group of nonzero quaternions
Creators: name: Trifonov, Vladimir
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 53C50 (Primary), 53B30, 22E30, 53B50 (Secondary)

description: It is shown that the Lie group of invertible elements of the quaternion algebra carries a family of natural closed Friedmann-Lemaitre-Robertson-Walker metrics.
description: A slightly more technical version of "Natural geometry of nonzero quaternions" IJTP 46 (2) (2007) 251-257
The strength of the Weak Lefschetz Property
Creators: name: Migliore, Juan C.
name: Zanello, Fabrizio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Commutative Algebra (math.AC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 13E10 (Primary); 13H10, 13D40 (Secondary)

description: We study a number of conditions on the Hilbert function of a level artinian algebra which imply the Weak Lefschetz Property (WLP). Possibly the most important open case is whether a codimension 3 SI-sequence forces the WLP for level algebras. In other words, does every codimension 3 Gorenstein algebra have the WLP? We give some new partial answers to this old question: we prove an affirmative answer when the initial degree is 2, or when the Hilbert function is relatively small. Then we give a complete answer to the question of what is the largest socle degree forcing the WLP.
description: A few minor corrections; to appear in the Illinois J. Math
Two particles on a chain with disordered interaction: Localization and dissociation of bound states and mapping to chaotic billiards
Creators: name: Perrin, Hugo
name: Asbóth, János K.
name: Fuchs, Jean-Noël
name: Mosseri, Rémy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider two particles hopping on a chain with a contact interaction between them. At strong interaction, there is a molecular bound state separated by a direct gap from a continuous band of atomic states. Introducing weak disorder in the interaction, the molecular state becomes Anderson localized. At stronger disorder, part of the molecular band delocalizes and dissociates due to its hybridization to the atomic band. We characterize these different regimes by computing the density of states, the inverse participation ratio, the level-spacing statistics and the survival probability of an initially localized state. The atomic band is best described as that of a rough billiard for a single particle on a square lattice that shows signatures of quantum chaos. In addition to typical "chaotic states", we find states that are localized along only one direction. These "separatrix states" are more localized than chaotic states, and similar in this respect to scarred states, but their existence is due to the separatrix iso-energy line in the interaction-free dispersion relation, rather than to unstable periodic orbits.
description: 20 pages, 17 figures
Liquid-infiltrated photonic crystals: Ohmic dissipation and broadening of modes
Creators: name: Mortensen, Niels Asger
name: Ejsing, Simon
name: Xiao, Sanshui
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The pronounced light-matter interactions in photonic crystals make them interesting as opto-fludic "building blocks" for lab-on-a-chip applications. We show how conducting electrolytes cause dissipation and smearing of the density-of-states, thus altering decay dynamics of excited bio-molecules dissolved in the electrolyte. Likewise, we find spatial damping of propagating modes, of the order dB/cm, for naturally occurring electrolytes such as drinking water or physiological salt water.
description: 9 pages including 2 figures
A multiscale model of vascular function in chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension
Creators: name: Colebank, Mitchel J.
name: Qureshi, M. Umar
name: Rajagopal, Sudarshan
name: Krasuski, Richard A.
name: Olufsen, Mette S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Tissues and Organs (q-bio.TO)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) is caused by recurrent or unresolved pulmonary thromboemboli, leading to perfusion defects and increased arterial wave reflections. CTEPH treatment aims to reduce pulmonary arterial pressure and reestablish adequate lung perfusion, yet patients with distal lesions are inoperable by standard surgical intervention. Instead, these patients undergo balloon pulmonary angioplasty (BPA), a multi-session, minimally invasive surgery that disrupts the thromboembolic material within the vessel lumen using a catheter balloon. However, there still lacks an integrative, holistic tool for identifying optimal target lesions for treatment. To address this insufficiency, we simulate CTEPH hemodynamics and BPA therapy using a multiscale fluid dynamics model. The large pulmonary arterial geometry is derived from a computed tomography (CT) image, whereas a fractal tree represents the small vessels. We model ring- and web-like lesions, common in CTEPH, and simulate normotensive conditions and four CTEPH disease scenarios; the latter includes both large artery lesions and vascular remodeling. BPA therapy is simulated by simultaneously reducing lesion severity in three locations. Our predictions mimic severe CTEPH, manifested by an increase in mean proximal pulmonary arterial pressure above 20 mmHg and prominent wave reflections. Both flow and pressure decrease in vessels distal to the lesions and increase in unobstructed vascular regions. We use the main pulmonary artery (MPA) pressure, a wave reflection index, and a measure of flow heterogeneity to select optimal target lesions for BPA. In summary, this study provides a multiscale, image-to-hemodynamics pipeline for BPA therapy planning for inoperable CTEPH patients.
description: 41 pages, 9 figures, 4 tables
Dynamical mean field study of the Mott transition in the half-filled Hubbard model on a triangular lattice
Creators: name: Aryanpour, K.
name: Pickett, W. E.
name: Scalettar, R. T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We employ dynamical mean field theory (DMFT) with a Quantum Monte Carlo (QMC) atomic solver to investigate the finite temperature Mott transition in the Hubbard model with the nearest neighbor hopping on a triangular lattice at half-filling. We estimate the value of the critical interaction to be $U_c=12.0 \pm 0.5$ in units of the hopping amplitude $t$ through the evolution of the magnetic moment, spectral function, internal energy and specific heat as the interaction $U$ and temperature $T$ are varied. This work also presents a comparison between DMFT and finite size determinant Quantum Monte Carlo (DQMC) and a discussion of the advantages and limitations of both methods.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures
Majorana ensembles with fractional entropy and conductance in nanoscopic systems
Creators: name: Smirnov, Sergey
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum thermodynamics is a promising route to unambiguous detections of Majorana bound states. Being fundamentally different from quantum transport, this approach reveals unique Majorana thermodynamic behavior and deepens our insight into Majorana quantum transport itself. Here we demonstrate that a nanoscopic system with topological superconductors produces a remarkable accumulation of Majorana thermodynamic states in wide ranges of Majorana tunneling phases by means of increasing its temperature $T$. Revealing this physical behavior is twofold beneficial. First, it significantly reduces the dependence of the entropy on the tunneling phases which become almost irrelevant in experiments. Second, the fractional Majorana entropy $S_M^{(2)}=k_B\ln(2^\frac{3}{2})$ may be observed at high temperatures substantially facilitating experiments. Analyzing quantum transport, we predict that when the temperature increases, the above thermodynamic behavior will induce an anomalous increase of the linear conductance from vanishing values up to the unitary fractional Majorana plateau $G_M=e^2/2h$ extending to high temperatures.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures
Cycloplegic refraction with 1% atropineversus 1% cyclopentolate in esotropic children
Creators: name: Benjawun Wutthiworawong, Sudarat Yaisawang
Publisher: name: Faculty of Medicine,Srinakharinwirot University
Year: 2002
Subjects: cycloplegic reflection, atropine, cyclopentolate

description: 1, 9, Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences
Detecting multi-atomic composite states in optical lattices
Creators: name: Kuklov, Anatoly
name: Moritz, Henning
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose and discuss methods for detecting quasi-molecular complexes which are expected to form in strongly interacting optical lattice systems. Particular emphasis is placed on the detection of composite fermions forming in Bose-Fermi mixtures. We argue that, as an indirect indication of the composite fermions and a generic consequence of strong interactions, periodic correlations must appear in the atom shot noise of bosonic absorption images, similar to the bosonic Mott insulator [S. Fölling, et al., Nature {\bf 434}, 481 (2005)]. The composites can also be detected directly and their quasi-momentum distribution measured. This method -- an extension of the technique of noise correlation interferometry [E. Altman et al., Phys. Rev. A {\bf 79}, 013603 (2004)] -- relies on measuring higher order correlations between the bosonic and fermionic shot noise in the absorption images. However, it fails for complexes consisting of more than three atoms.
description: 9 revtex pages
Monitoring der Lebensmittelabfälle im Groß- und Einzelhande lin Deutschland 2019 -Daten des Lebensmitteleinzelhandels-
Creators: name: Orr, Lia
name: Schmidt, Thomas
name: Orr, Lia
name: Schmidt, Thomas
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: Public Economics
subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: Lebensmittelhandel
subject: Monitoring
subject: Lebensmittelabfälle
subject: Lebensmittelverluste
subject: retail
subject: wholesale
subject: food waste
subject: food loss
subject: measurement
subject: monitoring

description: The aim of this report is to map food waste in the retail and wholesale sector in Germany for the year 2019 collected as part of the Dialogue Forum on wholesale and retail trade, with the participating retail companies. In addition, the findings regarding the data basis and data collection process are intended to support the development of an accord by the participants in the Dialogue Forum on Wholesale and Retail (as part of the National Strategy to Reduce Food Waste). In the Dialogue Forum, the participating companies work together to ensure that the sustainable development goal 12.3 (halving global food waste per capita at retail and consumer level) can be achieved. This report documents the current status of the work in the Dialogue Forum with results from the food retail sector; the figures from the food wholesale sector will be added in the next report. The calculations are based on voluntarily provided data on sales losses (markdowns) from 13 food retail and Cash and Carry companies represented by approximately 13,000 points of sale3. The participating companies covera market share of the total retail trade in Germany of about 35%4. Markdowns include both food waste and redistributed food, such as food donations or as animal feed, as well as breakage and loss. The data do not distinguish between preventable and non-preventable food losses. In addition, they do not provide information on the actual recovery of food not sold at the retailstore, since the data collection serves accounting purposes. The extrapolation of food waste for the German retail food sectoris based on a high data quality; with markdown data of partly very large companies and sales figures of the entire sector. In this report, the entire food retail is reported for the first time in Germany (see chapter 4). Food waste in the entire retail sector is projected at around 500 thousand tons for 2019, which represents about 1.5% of food sales. The food waste identified here is 290 thousand tons in organised food retail and 210 thousand tons in the extended food retail. Due to data gaps, it is currently only possible to distinguish food waste from food redistribution (i.e. food donations) and other utilisation (i.e. animal feed) based on estimates-expert estimate for this report: 30% of losses are donated. In the course of further work, these quantities and the causes of losses must be analysed in order to derive measures for reduction.
description: DOI:10.3220/WP1613554682000
Διαπολιτισμικότητα και παιδική λογοτεχνία στα πρώτα στάδια εκπαίδευσης
Creators: name: Σούρδη, Βασιλική Κωνσταντίνου
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2018
Subjects: Διαπολιτισμικότητα
Πολυπολιτισμική Παιδική Λογοτεχνία
Εκπαιδευτική παρέμβαση
Interculturalism
Children's multicultural literature
Educational intervention

description: Στην παρούσα διατριβή πραγματοποιήθηκε μια απόπειρα διερεύνησης του τρόπου με τον οποίο η παιδική πολυπολιτισμική λογοτεχνία συμβάλλει στην τροποποίηση γνωστικών αντιλήψεων, στάσεων και στερεοτύπων, όσον αφορά τους πρόσφυγες και μετανάστες, σε παιδιά προσχολικής ηλικίας. Για τους σκοπούς αυτούς εφαρμόστηκε μια εκπαιδευτική παρέμβαση στο χώρο του νηπιαγωγείου. Τα ευρήματά της έδειξαν πως τα παιδιά μέσω της παιδικής λογοτεχνίας λαμβάνουν τις κατάλληλες πληροφορίες για τους πρόσφυγες με αβίαστο τρόπο, αποκτώντας παράλληλα ενσυναίσθηση, ευαισθητοποίηση και ενδιαφέρον για τη συγκεκριμένη ομάδα ατόμων. Στη συνέχεια, παρουσιάστηκε και αναλύθηκε το εκπαιδευτικό υλικό που χρησιμοποιήθηκε για τους σκοπούς της έρευνας. Επίσης, διερευνήθηκε ο τρόπος με τον οποίο οι σύγχρονοι συγγραφείς χρησιμοποιούν την παιδική λογοτεχνία για να προσεγγίζουν ζητήματα ετερότητας. Τέλος, εξετάστηκε αν είναι τα σύγχρονα βιβλία γραμμένα με βάση το διαπολιτισμικό μοντέλο που τυπικά επικρατεί στις μέρες μας.
description: This thesis attempts to investigate how children's multicultural literature contributes to the modification of cognitive perception, attitude and stereotypes regarding refugees and immigrants in preschool children. For these purposes, an educational intervention in the area of kindergarten has been performed. Its findings have shown that through children's literature, children receive appropriate information about refugees in an effortless manner, acquiring at the same time empathy, awareness and interest in this particular group of people. Afterwards, the educational material used for the purposes of the research has been presented and analyzed. Furthermore, the way in which modern writers use children's literature to explore issues of heterogeneity has been explored. Finally, this document has examined whether modern books are written on the basis of the intercultural model that is typically prevalent nowadays.
Dynamics of Relativistic Stars with Tabulated EOS in the Einstein Toolkit
Creators: name: Σουλτάνης, Θεόδωρος Δημητρίου
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2018
Subjects: Δυναμική σχετικιστικών αστέρων
Αστέρες νετρονίων
Βαρυτικά κύματα
Einstein Toolkit
Neutron stars
Gravitational waves

description: We extend the 3D simulation code Einstein Toolkit to tabulated equations of state. As a first application, we compute oscillation frequencies of differentially rotating neutron stars. Moreover, we simulate binary neutron star mergers having the same properties (chirp mass and mass ratio), as those of the first source that was detected through gravitational waves (GW170817). Using hybrid, hot equations of state in the form of piecewise polytropes, we find equations of state that are compatible with the source GW170817 (where the merger remnant does not collapse promptly) and equations of state that are incompatible with the source GW170817 (where a prompt collapse towards black hole formation is observed in the simulations).
description: Επεκτείνουμε τον κώδικα τρισδιάστατων προσομοιώσεων Einstein Toolkit, ώστε να λειτουργεί με ρεαλιστικές καταστατικές εξισώσεις σε μορφή πίνακα. Ως πρώτη εφαρμογή, υπολογίζουμε συχνότητες ταλάντωσης για διαφορικά περιστρεφόμενους αστέρες νετρονίων. Επιπροσθέτως, προσομοιώνουμε τη συγχώνευση διπλών συστημάτων αστέρων νετρονίων, με τα ίδια χαρακτηριστικά (μάζα chirp και λόγο μαζών) όπως παρατηρήθηκαν για την πρώτη πηγή που ανιχνεύθηκε μέσω βαρυτικών κυμάτων (GW170817). Χρησιμοποιώντας υβριδικές, θερμές καταστατικές εξισώσεις σε μορφή τμηματικών πολύτροπων, βρίσκουμε καταστατικές που είναι συμβατές με την πηγή GW170817 (όπου ο συγχωνευμένος αστέρας δεν καταρρέει άμεσα) και καταστατικές που είναι ασύμβατες με την πηγή GW170817 (όπου στις προσομοιώσεις παρατηρείται άμεση κατάρρευση με δημιουργία μελανής οπής).
Extended Wigner's friend problem and the internal consistency of standard quantum mechanics
Creators: name: Sokolovski, D.
name: Matzkin, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The extended Wigner's friend problem deals with two Observers each measuring a sealed laboratory in which a friend is making a quantum measurement. We investigate this problem by relying on the basic rules of quantum mechanics as exposed by Feynman in the well-known "Feynman Lectures on Physics". Although recent discussions have suggested that the extended Wigner's friend problem cannot consistently be described by quantum theory, we show here that a straightforward application of these standard rules results in a non-ambiguous and consistent account of the measurement outcomes for all agents involved.
description: 22 pages, 3 figures
Bt cotton and the voices of the widows in the face of farmer-suicides
Creators: name: Falnikar, Ashwini
name: Dutta, Mohan Jyoti
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Neuroscience
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: This article deploys the culture-centered approach to foreground the everyday constructions of farmer-suicides amid the agrarian epidemic among the farmer-widows to attend to the everyday structures that constitute the meanings of the suicides. The depictions of the patriarchal structures of decision-making in agriculture are intertwined with the broader erasure of the interplays of inequality in farmers’ experiences from the discursive sites of neoliberal agriculture. Furthermore, the voices of the widows disrupt the monolithic construction of agricultural technologies as tools of modernization and progress dominant in the development communication scholarship, instead, depicting the ways in which new technologies (such as Bt cotton) are constituted within, and reproduce, the overarching inequalities.
Structural development of cortical lobes during the first 6 months of life in infant macaques
Creators: name: Bachevalier, J.
name: Kovacs-Balint, Z.A.
name: Li, L.
name: Steele, J.
name: Styner, M.
name: Sanchez, M.M.
name: Payne, C.
Publisher: name: Elsevier Ltd
Year: 2021

description: This study mapped the developmental trajectories of cortical regions in comparison to overall brain growth in typically developing, socially-housed infant macaques. Volumetric changes of cortical brain regions were examined longitudinally between 2–24 weeks of age (equivalent to the first 2 years in humans) in 21 male rhesus macaques. Growth of the prefrontal, frontal, parietal, occipital, and temporal cortices (visual and auditory) was examined using MRI and age-specific infant macaque brain atlases developed by our group. Results indicate that cortical volumetric development follows a cubic growth curve, but maturational timelines and growth rates are region-specific. Total intracranial volume (ICV) increased significantly during the first 5 months of life, leveling off thereafter. Prefrontal and temporal visual cortices showed fast volume increases during the first 16 weeks, followed by a plateau, and significant growth again between 20–24 weeks. Volume of the frontal and temporal auditory cortices increased substantially between 2–24 weeks. The parietal cortex showed a significant volume increase during the first 4 months, whereas the volume of the occipital lobe increased between 2–12 weeks and plateaued thereafter. These developmental trajectories show similarities to cortical growth in human infants, providing foundational information necessary to build nonhuman primate (NHP) models of human neurodevelopmental disorders.
Braided Bialgebras of Type One
Creators: name: Ardizzoni, A.
name: Menini, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Category Theory (math.CT)
subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 18D10, 16W30

description: Braided bialgebras of type one in abelian braided monoidal categories are characterized as braided graded bialgebras which are strongly $\mathbb{N}$-graded both as an algebra and as a coalgebra.
Structural analysis of temperature-dependent alternative splicing of HsfA2 pre-mRNA from tomato plants
Creators: name: Broft, Patrizia
name: Rosenkranz, Remus R.E.
name: Schleiff, Enrico
name: Hengesbach, Martin
name: Schwalbe, Harald
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Temperature-dependent alternative splicing was recently demonstrated for intron 2 of the gene coding for heat shock factor HsfA2 of the tomato plant Solanum lycopersicum, but the molecular mechanism regulating the abundance of such temperature-dependent splice variants is still unknown. We report here on regulatory pre-mRNA structures that could function as regulators by controlling the use of splice sites in a temperature-dependent manner. We investigate pre-mRNA structures at the splice sites of intron 2 of the gene coding for HsfA2 from S. lycopersicum using NMR- and CD-spectroscopy as well as in-line probing. The pre-mRNA undergoes conformational changes between two different secondary structures at the 3ʹ splice site of the intron in a temperature-dependent manner. Previously, it was shown that three single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in intron 2 of the HsfA2 pre-mRNA affect the splicing efficiency of its pre-mRNA and are linked to the thermotolerance in different tomato species. By comparing pre-mRNA fragments of the tomato species S. lycopersicum and S. peruvianum, we show that these SNPs result in substantial structural differences between the pre-mRNAs of the two species.
Theory of x-ray absorption by laser-dressed atoms
Creators: name: Buth, Christian
name: Santra, Robin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An ab initio theory is devised for the x-ray photoabsorption cross section of atoms in the field of a moderately intense optical laser (800nm, 10^13 W/cm^2). The laser dresses the core-excited atomic states, which introduces a dependence of the cross section on the angle between the polarization vectors of the two linearly polarized radiation sources. We use the Hartree-Fock-Slater approximation to describe the atomic many-particle problem in conjunction with a nonrelativistic quantum-electrodynamic approach to treat the photon-electron interaction. The continuum wave functions of ejected electrons are treated with a complex absorbing potential that is derived from smooth exterior complex scaling. The solution to the two-color (x-ray plus laser) problem is discussed in terms of a direct diagonalization of the complex symmetric matrix representation of the Hamiltonian. Alternative treatments with time-independent and time-dependent non-Hermitian perturbation theories are presented that exploit the weak interaction strength between x rays and atoms. We apply the theory to study the photoabsorption cross section of krypton atoms near the K edge. A pronounced modification of the cross section is found in the presence of the optical laser.
description: 13 pages, 3 figures, 1 table, RevTeX4, corrected typoes
Συσχετισμοί βίας και εξάρτησης: Περιπτώσεις Κακοποιημένων Γυναικών
Creators: name: Πεταλιά, Μαρία Μιλτιάδη
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2018
Subjects: (Γυναικεία) κακοποίηση
Βία
Εξάρτηση
(Female) abuse
Violence
Addiction

description: Η γυναικεία κακοποίηση αποτελεί ένα σημαντικό κοινωνικό πρόβλημα, το οποίο αποτελεί την ενσάρκωση της έμφυλης βίας. Η χρήση ουσιών και οι εξαρτητικές συμπεριφορές, από την άλλη, αποτελούν, επίσης, μία δυσχέρεια, τόσο για τις ζωές των εξαρτημένων και των οικογενειών τους, όσο και της υπόλοιπης κοινωνίας. Καθώς, λοιπόν, η χρήση ψυχοτρόπων ουσιών μεταβάλλει το θυμικό, γίνεται προσπάθεια διερεύνησης της σχέσης της με την κακοποίηση. Η υπόθεση ότι υπάρχει συσχέτιση μεταξύ της κακοποίησης και της χρήσης ουσιών, καθώς και η προσπάθεια κατανόησης του εν λόγω φαινομένου επιχειρείται μέσω της ποιοτικής έρευνας, και συγκεκριμένα, της μελέτης περιπτώσεων. Ειδικότερα, γίνεται ανάλυση περιπτώσεων που αντλήθηκαν από το αρχειακό υλικό του Συμβουλευτικού Κέντρου Συντάγματος της Γενικής Γραμματείας Ισότητας των Φύλων, το οποίο περιλαμβάνει περιπτώσεις θυμάτων βίας γένους θηλυκού που έχουν απευθυνθεί εκεί ζητώντας αρωγή, οι θύτες των οποίων έχουν άμεση ή έμμεση σχέση με την χρήση ψυχοτρόπων ουσιών. Το συμπέρασμα που προκύπτει είναι ότι η χρήση ουσιών, είτε αυτές είναι ναρκωτικές ουσίες, είτε αλκοόλ, μπορεί εν δυνάμει να συμβάλλει στην εκδήλωση βίαιης συμπεριφοράς.
description: Female abuse is a critical social problem, which is the embodiment of gendered violence. The substance use and the addictive behaviours, on the other hand, are considered to be a difficulty to both the lives of the addicts and their families and the rest of the society. As the use of psychotropic substances affects the thymic, an attempt is made in order to investigate its connection with abuse. The assumption that there is a correlation between the physical abuse and the substance use, as well as an attempt to understand this phenomenon, is embarked upon a qualitative research, in particular, a cases study. Specifically, an analysis is made of cases drawn from the archive material of the Consultative Center of the General Secretariat for Gender Equality at Sintagma, Athens, which includes cases of female victims of violence, who have contacted the Consultative Center seeking for help, the perpetrators of whom have a direct or indirect relationship with the use of psychotropic substances. The conclusion is that the substance use, whether it is regarding drugs or alcohol, may, potentially, contribute to violent behaviours.
description: Σε συνεργασία με: Πανεπιστήμιο Λευκωσίας
Worldsheet Covariant Path Integral Quantization of Strings
Creators: name: van Tonder, André
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss a covariant functional integral approach to the quantization of the bosonic string. In contrast to approaches relying on non-covariant operator regularizations, interesting operators here are true tensor objects with classical transformation laws, even on target spaces where the theory has a Weyl anomaly. Since no implicit non-covariant gauge choices are involved in the definition of the operators, the anomaly is clearly separated from the issue of operator renormalization and can be understood in isolation, instead of infecting the latter as in other approaches. Our method is of wider applicability to covariant theories that are not Weyl invariant, but where covariant tensor operators are desired. After constructing covariantly regularized vertex operators, we define a class of background-independent path integral measures suitable for string quantization. We show how gauge invariance of the path integral implies the usual physical state conditions in a very conceptually clean way. We then discuss the construction of the BRST action from first principles, obtaining some interesting caveats relating to its general covariance. In our approach, the expected BRST related anomalies are encoded somewhat differently from other approaches. We conclude with an unusual but amusing derivation of the value $D= 26$ of the critical dimension.
description: 64 pages, minor edits in exposition
Ο ρόλος των θετικών χαρακτηριστικών της προσωπικότητας στη Θεωρία του Νου
Creators: name: Καρατζόγλου, Βασίλειος Χαράλαμπου
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2018
Subjects: Ψυχικές δυνάμεις
Θετική Ψυχολογία
Θεωρία του Νου
Mental powers
Positive Psychology
Theory of Mind

description: Η Θεωρία του Νου (ΘτΝ) αποτελεί μια σύνθετη ικανότητα η οποία συνίσταται σε διάφορες γνωστικές αλλά και συναισθηματικές διεργασίες. Παράλληλα αποτελεί μια πολυσυζητημένη και ιδιαιτέρως μελετημένη έννοια στους κύκλους των ερευνητών της ψυχολογίας και όχι μόνο, ενώ έχει προταθεί πως επιδρά καθοριστικά στην κοινωνικοποίηση των ατόμων, στοιχείο που την καθιστά ριζικής σημασίας χαρακτηριστικό για τις διαπροσωπικές σχέσεις. Παρ’ όλα αυτά και παρά τις γενικότερες πολύ ενδιαφέρουσες σχέσεις που έχουν προκύψει από την έρευνα της ΘτΝ και διαφόρων χαρακτηριστικών και λειτουργιών δεν έχει διερευνηθεί η σχέση της με θετικά χαρακτηριστικά της προσωπικότητας. Η παρούσα μελέτη στόχευε στην εξέταση της σχέσης μεταξύ της ΘτΝ, της συγχώρεσης, της σοφίας και της ευγνωμοσύνης. Έχει βρεθεί πως και τα τρία αυτά θετικά χαρακτηριστικά προάγουν τις ανθρώπινες σχέσεις και συντελούν καθοριστικά στη βελτίωση της κοινωνικοποίησης των ατόμων, οπότε αναμενόταν ότι θα παρουσιάσουν θετικές σχέσεις και με την ικανότητα της ΘτΝ. Το δείγμα της έρευνας περιλάμβανε 252 (160 γυναίκες) συμμετέχοντες, ηλικίας 30 έως 60 ετών, στους οποίους χορηγήθηκαν κλίμακες αυτο-αναφοράς και έργα ΘτΝ. Τα αποτελέσματα έδειξαν πως η συναισθηματική διάσταση της σοφίας και η ευγνωμοσύνη μπορούν να αποτελέσουν προγνωστικούς παράγοντες για τη ΘτΝ ως κατανόηση του αδιάκριτου λόγου.
description: Theory of Mind (ToM) is a complex capacity that consists of various cognitive and affective processes. It is a much-discussed concept and a particularly thought-out concept in the circles of psychology researchers. Also it has been proposed that it has a decisive effect on the socialization of individuals, which makes it a crucial feature for interpersonal relationships. Despite the general interesting correlations that have emerged from the research of the ToM and various features and functions, its relationship with positive personality characteristics has not been investigated yet. The present study aimed at examining the relationship between ToM, forgiveness, wisdom and gratitude. It has been found that these three positive features promote human relations and contribute decisively to improvement of the socialization of individuals, so it is expected that they will have positive relationships with the ability of ToM. The sample included 252 (160 female) participants, aged 30 to 60 years, who were given self-report scales and ToM tasks. The results have shown that the emotional dimension of wisdom and gratitude can be predictive factors for the ToM as understanding of indiscriminate speech.
Structural analysis of temperature-dependent alternative splicing of HsfA2 pre-mRNA from tomato plants
Creators: name: Broft, Patrizia
name: Rosenkranz, Remus
name: Schleiff, Enrico
name: Hengesbach, Martin
name: Schwalbe, Harald
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Temperature-dependent alternative splicing was recently demonstrated for intron 2 of the gene coding for heat shock factor HsfA2 of the tomato plant Solanum lycopersicum, but the molecular mechanism regulating the abundance of such temperature-dependent splice variants is still unknown. We report here on regulatory pre-mRNA structures that could function as regulators by controlling the use of splice sites in a temperature-dependent manner. We investigate pre-mRNA structures at the splice sites of intron 2 of the gene coding for HsfA2 from S. lycopersicum using NMR- and CD-spectroscopy as well as in-line probing. The pre-mRNA undergoes conformational changes between two different secondary structures at the 3ʹ splice site of the intron in a temperature-dependent manner. Previously, it was shown that three single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in intron 2 of the HsfA2 pre-mRNA affect the splicing efficiency of its pre-mRNA and are linked to the thermotolerance in different tomato species. By comparing pre-mRNA fragments of the tomato species S. lycopersicum and S. peruvianum, we show that these SNPs result in substantial structural differences between the pre-mRNAs of the two species.
Entropy Function and Universal Entropy of Two-Dimensional Extremal Black Holes
Creators: name: Hyun, Seungjoon
name: Kim, Wontae
name: Oh, John J.
name: Son, Edwin J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The entropy for two-dimensional black holes is obtained through the entropy function with the condition that the geometry approaches an $AdS_2$ spacetime in the near horizon limit. It is shown that the entropy is universal and proportional to the value of the dilaton field at the event horizon as expected. We find this universal behavior holds even after the inclusion of higher derivative terms, only modifying the proportional constant. More specifically, a variety of models of the dilaton gravity in two dimensions are considered, in which it is shown that the universal entropy coincides with the well-known results in the previous literatures.
description: 13 pages; v2. version to appear in JHEP
Δικαιολόγηση της εξουσίας και υποχρέωση υπακοής στο νόμο στο έργο του Joseph Raz
Creators: name: Γρηγοριάδης, Κωνσταντίνος Παναγιώτη
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2018
Subjects: Δικαιολόγηση της εξουσίας
Υποχρέωση υπακοής στο νόμο
Νομικός θετικισμός
Justification of authority
Obligation to obey the law
Legal Positivism

description: Σκοπός της συγκεκριμένης διπλωματικής εργασίας είναι η παρουσίαση, η εξέταση και η κριτική αποτίμηση δύο σημαντικών θεμάτων στο έργο του φιλοσόφου του δικαίου Joseph Raz: τη δικαιολόγηση της εξουσίας και την υποχρέωση υπακοής στο νόμο. Στο πρώτο κεφάλαιο παρουσιάζεται η δικαιολόγηση της εξουσίας εστιάζοντας την προσοχή μας στη σχέση εξουσίας ανάμεσα σε πρόσωπα και στη σχέση ανάμεσα στα πρόσωπα και τις κρατικές αρχές. Στο δεύτερο κεφάλαιο θα αναφερθούμε στην απόρριψη του φιλοσόφου σε μια γενική υποχρέωση υπακοής στο νόμο και κυρίως στους λόγους για τους οποίους αναπτύσσει μια τέτοια στάση απέναντι σε αυτό το καθήκον. Επιπλέον, εκτίθεται η θεώρηση του Raz στις έννοιες της συναίνεσης και του σεβασμού προς τον νόμο. Στο τελευταίο κεφάλαιο της εργασίας παρουσιάζονται κριτικές ενστάσεις ως προς τέσσερα ζητήματα. Πρώτον, γίνεται μια παρουσίαση των αδυναμιών της θέσης πρόληψης και του αποκλείοντος λόγου για πράξη. Δεύτερον, εκτίθεται μια κριτική στην αδυναμία της θέσης φυσιολογικής δικαιολόγησης να αναγνωρίσει τη σημασία των δημοκρατικών διαδικασιών για τη νομιμότητα των πολιτικών αποφάσεων. Τρίτον, υποστηρίζουμε ότι ο νόμος κατά τον φιλόσοφο δεν μπορεί να επιβάλλει υποχρέωση. Τέλος, η άρνηση του ίδιου να αποδεχθεί υποχρέωση υπακοής συνεπάγεται πιθανόν την κατάρρευση του υποχρεωτικού χαρακτήρα του νομικού συστήματος.
description: The purpose of this master thesis is the presentation, the examination and the critical investigation of two central issues in the work of the legal philosopher Joseph Raz, namely, the justification of authority and the obligation to obey the law. In the first chapter, the justification of authority is presented focusing our attention in the relationship of authority between persons, but also in the relationship between persons and the authorities of state. In the second chapter, we refer to the philosopher’s rejection of an obligation to obey the law and mainly to the reasons, which lead him to adopt such an approach. Moreover, Raz’s approach in the concepts of consent and respect for law is exposed too in the last sections of the chapter. In the last chapter of this thesis, critical observations are presented in relation to four important topics. First, there is an examination of weaknesses regarding the pre-emption thesis and the concept of exclusionary reason for action. Second, we point out the weakness of the normal justification thesis to recognize the importance of democratic procedures for political decisions. Third, we advocate that law according to Raz cannot impose obligations. Finally, his denial of accepting an obligation to obey entails possibly a collapse of legal system’s central quality of imposing obligations to citizens.
Topological transport of mobile impurities
Creators: name: Pimenov, D.
name: Camacho-Guardian, A.
name: Goldman, N.
name: Massignan, P.
name: Bruun, G. M.
name: Goldstein, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the Hall response of topologically-trivial mobile impurities (Fermi polarons) interacting weakly with majority fermions forming a Chern-insulator background. This setting involves a rich interplay between the genuine many-body character of the polaron problem and the topological nature of the surrounding cloud. When the majority fermions are accelerated by an external field, a transverse impurity current can be induced. To quantify this polaronic Hall effect, we compute the drag transconductivity, employing controlled diagrammatic perturbation theory in the impurity-fermion interaction. We show that the impurity Hall drag is not simply proportional to the Chern number characterizing the topological transport of the insulator on its own - it also depends continuously on particle-hole breaking terms, to which the Chern number is insensitive. However, when the insulator is tuned across a topological phase transition, a sharp jump of the impurity Hall drag results, for which we derive an analytical expression. We describe how the Hall drag and jump can be extracted from a circular dichroic measurement of impurity excitation rates, particularly suited for ultracold gas experiments.
description: Journal version with extended discussion of possible experimental realization
A new approach to the modelling of local defects in crystals: the reduced Hartree-Fock case
Creators: name: Cancès, Eric
name: Deleurence, Amélie
name: Lewin, Mathieu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This article is concerned with the derivation and the mathematical study of a new mean-field model for the description of interacting electrons in crystals with local defects. We work with a reduced Hartree-Fock model, obtained from the usual Hartree-Fock model by neglecting the exchange term. First, we recall the definition of the self-consistent Fermi sea of the perfect crystal, which is obtained as a minimizer of some periodic problem, as was shown by Catto, Le Bris and Lions. We also prove some of its properties which were not mentioned before. Then, we define and study in details a nonlinear model for the electrons of the crystal in the presence of a defect. We use formal analogies between the Fermi sea of a perturbed crystal and the Dirac sea in Quantum Electrodynamics in the presence of an external electrostatic field. The latter was recently studied by Hainzl, Lewin, Séré and Solovej, based on ideas from Chaix and Iracane. This enables us to define the ground state of the self-consistent Fermi sea in the presence of a defect. We end the paper by proving that our model is in fact the thermodynamic limit of the so-called supercell model, widely used in numerical simulations.
description: Final version, to appear in Comm. Math. Phys
Long-term alterations in brain and behavior after postnatal Zika virus infection in infant macaques
Creators: name: Chahroudi, A.
name: Jean, S.M.
name: Raper, J.
name: Fair, D.
name: Alvarado, M.C.
name: Earl, E.
name: Styner, M.
name: Kovacs-Balint, Z.
name: Mattingly, C.
name: Mavigner, M.
name: Habib, J.
name: Feczko, E.
name: Burke, M.W.
name: Sanchez, M.M.
name: Gumber, S.
name: Cohen, J.K.
name: Suthar, M.S.
Publisher: name: Nature Research
Year: 2020

description: Zika virus (ZIKV) infection has a profound impact on the fetal nervous system. The postnatal period is also a time of rapid brain growth, and it is important to understand the potential neurobehavioral consequences of ZIKV infection during infancy. Here we show that postnatal ZIKV infection in a rhesus macaque model resulted in long-term behavioral, motor, and cognitive changes, including increased emotional reactivity, decreased social contact, loss of balance, and deficits in visual recognition memory at one year of age. Structural and functional MRI showed that ZIKV-infected infant rhesus macaques had persistent enlargement of lateral ventricles, smaller volumes and altered functional connectivity between brain areas important for socioemotional behavior, cognitive, and motor function (e.g. amygdala, hippocampus, cerebellum). Neuropathological changes corresponded with neuroimaging results and were consistent with the behavioral and memory deficits. Overall, this study demonstrates that postnatal ZIKV infection in this model may have long-lasting neurodevelopmental consequences.