cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Intensification fourragère à la Martinique : Introduction et pérennité de Brachiaria decumbens
Intensive management of forages in Martinique : introduction and persistence of Brachiaria decumbens
Creators: name: Caille, T.
name: Champanhet, F.
name: Caille, T.
name: Champanhet, F.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1993
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries
Livestock Production/Industries
Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies

description: L'intensification fourragère s'est produite, ces dernières années, autour de B. decumbens, graminée à fort potentiel fourrager, adaptée aux différents milieux écologiques de la Martinique et dont l'implantation, contrairement à la plupart des graminées tropicales peut être obtenue par semis mécanisé Pour mesurer l'adaptation de cette espèce aux conditions d'élevage, il est apparu nécessaire de dresser le bilan des campagnes de semis et d'établir le diagnostic de l'état des prairies, 10 ans après l'introduction de B. decumbens. Les résultats permettent de considérer que la technique de semis est maîtrisée. Moins de 10 % d'entre eux se sont soldés par un "échec". Toutefois, la réussite est plus faible dans les vertisols du sud moins arrosé de l'île. La pérennité de B. decumbens a été mesurée par des relevés phytosociologiques et écologiques sur un échantillon de semis, stratifié selon la pluviosité et l'âge des prairies. Celles-ci ont été réparties en 5 stades de dégradation définis eq fonction du recouvrement de B. deeumbens et de l'importance des adventices: 3 prairies sur 5 ont conservé leur qualité initiale, 1 semis a disparu ou est irrémédiablement dégradé, 1 autre enfin peut évoluer favorablement ou pas selon la gestion ultérieure qui lui sera appliquée. L'âge de la prairie n'apparaît pas comme un facteur déterminant de la pérennité. Il convient maintenant de préciser la dynamique d'évolution des prairies à B. decumbens, de définir les causes de dégradation et d'expérimenter des méthodes de régénération. Celles-ci pourront être diffusées aux éleveurs peu habitués à la gestion de l'herbe et pour qui l'intensification fourragère n'a souvent revêtu qu'un caractère expérimental.
Plain language summary for the manuscript: Etrasimod Corticosteroid-free Efficacy, Impact of Concomitant Corticosteroids on Efficacy and Safety, and Corticosteroid Sparing Effect in UC: Analyses of the ELEVATE UC Clinical Programme
Creators: name: Sands, Bruce E.
name: Leung, Yvette
name: Rubin, David T.
name: Gecse, Krisztina B.
name: Panes, Julian
name: Goetsch, Martina
name: Wang, Wenjin
name: Woolcott, John C.
name: Smith, Christina C.
name: Wosik, Karolina
name: Schreiber, Stefan
Publisher: name: Pfizer
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 320209
subject: Gastroenterology and hepatology

description: This is a plain language summary (PLS) of an article published in a peer-reviewed scientific journal. This PLS is not peer-reviewed. The publisher of the original manuscript was not involved in the preparation of this PLS and has neither reviewed nor approved its content.
title: A study to assess the validity and reliability of a measure of self-esteem, stigma and aspirations/expectations for people with learning disabilities
Creators: name: Hitchen, Janet M.
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 1996

description: The area of self-esteem in people with learning disabilities has been largely neglected, and previous researchers have employed a variety of approaches. It is important to further our understanding in the context of providing appropriate clinical interventions and in monitoring the effect of social policy developments on the individuals at the receiving end of service provision.

The study aimed to assess the reliability and validity of a set of measures devised specifically for use with learning disabled people, by Szivos-Bach (1993).The measures assess social comparisons, perception of stigma and aspirations and expectations. The study was carried out with 30 adults with mild and moderate learning disabilities between the ages of 18 and 65.

The results provide initial support for the social comparisons test as ameasure of self-esteem. Less evidence was found for the stigma questionnaire andthe aspirations-expectations test. The results are discussed in the light of comparable research into self-esteem measures with non-learning disabled populations. Further research is required, and the most profitable way forward seems to be development of multi-dimensional measures of self-esteem.
The BIS capital adequacy “rules”: a critique
Creators: name: HALL, M.J.B.
Publisher: name: PSL Quarterly Review
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Basle Supervisors’ Committee, capital adequacy, risk-asset ratio, risk weights
subject: G21, G32, G28

description: The Basle Supervisors' Committee (BIS) capital adequacy proposals of July 1988 called on the G10 supervisory authorities to ensure that all internationally active banks falling under their jurisdiction observe a minimum 8 per cent risk-asset ratio by the end of 1992. This article presents a critique, not of the general principles of Basle, but of the details that are seen to weaken the value of the agreement. The risk-asset ratio and the derivation of risk weights are considered. JEL: G21, G32, G28
description: PSL Quarterly Review, V. 42, N. 169 (1989)
Data on the sexual reproduction and the possibilities of breeding new varieties in Dioscorea alata and Dioscorea cayenensis rotundata
Données sur la reproduction sexuée et les possibilités de sélection créatrice chez Dioscorea alata et Dioscorea cayenensis rotundata
Creators: name: Pierre-Gamiette, F.
name: Degras, L.
name: Pierre-Gamiette, F.
name: Degras, L.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1993
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries
Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies

description: Après une brève description des inflorescences, nous passerons en revue les différentes limites que nous avons pu recenser à la recombinaison sexuée. Enfin, nous envisagerons les solutions et les perspectives en matière de sélection créatrice. ----- After a brief description of the inflorescence, the different limitations found in sexual recombination will be reviewed. Finally, the solutions and prospects in the field of breeding will be considered.
A short proof of Allard's and Brakke's regularity theorems
Creators: name: De Philippis, Guido
name: Gasparetto, Carlo
name: Schulze, Felix
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We give new short proofs of Allard's regularity theorem for varifolds with bounded first variation and Brakke's regularity theorem for integral Brakke flows with bounded forcing. They are based on a decay of flatness, following from weighted versions of the respective monotonicity formulas, together with a characterization of non-homogeneous blow-ups using the viscosity approach introduced by Savin.
description: Final version. To appear in IMRN
The impact of fiscal policy and inflation on national saving. A comment
Creators: name: ROSSI, N.
Publisher: name: PSL Quarterly Review
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Italy, fiscal policy, inflation, savings, Ricardian Equivalence Proposition
subject: E31, E62

description: The increasing concern about the sustainability of current fiscal policies in Italy has led to a number of attempts in recent years to assess the Ricardian Equivalence Proposition. What is striking is that different authors have produced mixed, if not contradictory, evidence based largely on the same information. The present work highlights a particular work by Modigliani, Jappelli and Pagan (1985), to show that what appears to be contradictory evidence is largely the result of an incorrect treatment of dynamics. The author’s conclusions provide a warning against the danger of testing micro-hypotheses and consequently deriving policy prescriptions on the ground of an incorrect application of econometric tools to aggregate data. JEL: E31, E62
description: PSL Quarterly Review, V. 42, N. 169 (1989)
Positivity certificates for linear recurrences
Creators: name: Ibrahim, Alaa
name: Salvy, Bruno
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Symbolic Computation (cs.SC)
subject: Discrete Mathematics (cs.DM)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: F.2.2; G.2.1; I.1.2
subject: 05A20, 11B37, 39A06, 68V05

description: We consider linear recurrences with polynomial coefficients of Poincaré type and with a unique simple dominant eigenvalue. We give an algorithm that proves or disproves positivity of solutions provided the initial conditions satisfy a precisely defined genericity condition. For positive sequences, the algorithm produces a certificate of positivity that is a data-structure for a proof by induction. This induction works by showing that an explicitly computed cone is contracted by the iteration of the recurrence.
description: 18 pages. To appear in Proceedings SODA'24
Coherent and Collective Quantum Optical Effects in Mesoscopic Systems
Creators: name: Brandes, Tobias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A review of coherent and collective quantum optical effects like superradiance and coherent population trapping in mesoscopic systems is presented. Various new physical realizations of these phenomena are discussed, with a focus on their role for electronic transport and quantum dissipation in coupled nano-scale systems like quantum dots. A number of theoretical tools such as Master equations, polaron transformations, correlation functions, or level statistics are used to describe recent work on dissipative charge qubits (double quantum dots), the Dicke effect, phonon cavities, single oscillators, dark states and adiabatic control in quantum transport, and large spin-boson models. The review attempts to establish connections between concepts from Mesoscopics (quantum transport, coherent scattering, quantum chaos), Quantum Optics (such as superradiance, dark states, boson cavities), and (in its last part) Quantum Information Theory.
description: Review article submitted to Physics Reports, 175 pages, 58 figures. Revised version (typos, additional appendix, figures and some parts in the discussion)
Family violence perpetrator screening and risk assessment
Creators: name: Bartlett, Tess
name: Meyer, Silke
name: Fitz-Gibbon, Kate
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 160299 Criminology not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Law

description: In recent years, significant attention has been paid to ensuring risk identification, assessment and management practices are in place for domestic and family violence (DFV) victim survivors, yet there is scant understanding and practice in relation to perpetrators. As a result, opportunities to screen for, identify, assess and manage the risk that a perpetrator poses are often missed. The range of services that have the opportunity to screen for and identify male perpetrators of DFV are broad and include specialist men’s services, police, courts and corrections as well as child protection, mental health, and alcohol and other drug (AOD) service providers. Effectively identifying the risk of DFV perpetration along with its escalation is a crucial element in working towards safer lives for victims and children affected by DFV across Australia.
The impact of fiscal policy and inflation on national saving. A reply
Creators: name: MODIGLIANI, F.
name: JAPPELLI, T.
name: PAGANO, M.
Publisher: name: PSL Quarterly Review
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Italy, fiscal policy, inflation, savings, Ricardian Equivalence Proposition
subject: E31, E62

description: The article serves as a response to Nicola Rossi’s critique of the authors’ previous work on fiscal policy and national savings in Italy. The authors reaffirm their previous finding that deficits have indeed reduced national savings and in particular make two points. First, contrary to his assertions, Rossi’s evidence is inconsistent with the Ricardian Equivalence Proposition. Second, this failure becomes even more apparent if one relies on the updated formulation and improved data underlying the more recent contribution of Modigliani and Jappelli (1987). JEL: E31, E62
description: PSL Quarterly Review, V. 42, N. 169 (1989)
Front Matter
Creators: name: Caribbean Food Crops Society
name: Caribbean Food Crops Society
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1993

description: 29ème CONGRES ANNUEL ANNUAL MEETING REUNION ANNUAL Agriculture Intensive dans les Iles de la Caraibe : enjeux, contraintes et perspectives Intensive Agriculture in the Caribbean Islands : stakes, constraints and prospects Agricultura Intensiva en la lslas del Caribe : posturas, coacciones y perspectivas
Additional file 1 of Physician participation in quality improvement work- interest and opportunity: a cross-sectional survey
Creators: name: Deilkås, Ellen Tveter
name: Rosta, Judith
name: Baathe, Fredrik
name: Søfteland, Eirik
name: Lexberg, Åse Stavland
name: Røise, Olav
name: Rø, Karin Isaksson
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Statistics
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1.
title: Professional identities in transition : the perceptions of in-service trainee PCE teachers undertaking an initial PCE teacher-training course
Creators: name: Mattock, Edwina Dorothy
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 2013

description: A change in government policy and perception regarding the importance of the Post Compulsory Education (PCE) sector to the economy has led to an increase in the professionalisation of the sector as a whole. This in turn has led to changes in training for teachers who work in PCE - the latest of these changes took place in September 2007 and required all those working as teachers in the sector to acquire a licence to practice and work towards qualified teacher status (QTLS) through continuous professional development (CPD). This study focuses on in-service trainee teachers undertaking a PCE initial teacher-training course and explores the transition from trainee to professional teacher. Using participant produced drawings and stories, and follow-up interviews, trainee teachers voice their own interpretations and perceptions of teacher-training, teachers and teaching. In addition, interview data from four participants designated as experts (experienced teachers who were working, or had worked, on teacher-training programmes) were included to add insight into policy change from the teacher-educator viewpoint. The aim of this study was to highlight individual perceptions of a lived experience - how trainee teachers saw the role of teachers and experienced the teacher-training process. The acquisition of teaching qualifications was seen by the trainees in this study as an important progression in their professional development because they were an acknowledgement of professional competence. This was also seen as a necessary part of acquiring a teacher identity in that it raised the status of the trainees and recognised their professional approach to their practice. For some of the trainees accepting their capabilities to perform the teaching role was easier than accepting an identity change - they considered themselves to be works in progress. Data provided by the trainees also showed that personal qualities were as equally valuable in the development of a professional teacher an idea not given emphasis in the new teacher-training course.
Role of heating and current-induced forces in the stability of atomic wires
Creators: name: Yang, Z.
name: Chshiev, M.
name: Zwolak, M.
name: Chen, Y. -C.
name: Di Ventra, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the role of local heating and forces on ions in the stability of current-carrying aluminum wires. We find that heating increases with wire length due to a red shift of the frequency spectrum. Nevertheless, the local temperature of the wire is relatively low for a wide range of biases provided good thermal contact exists between the wire and the bulk electrodes. On the contrary, current-induced forces increase substantially as a function of bias and reach bond-breaking values at about 1 V. These results suggest that local heating promotes low-bias instabilities if dissipation into the bulk electrodes is not efficient, while current-induced forces are mainly responsible for the wire break-up at large biases. We compare these results to experimental observations.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures
Zero-Day Threats Detection for Critical Infrastructures
Creators: name: Nkongolo, Mike
name: Tokmak, Mahmut
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Technological advancements in various industries, such as network intelligence, vehicle networks, e-commerce, the Internet of Things (IoT), ubiquitous computing, and cloud-based applications, have led to an exponential increase in the volume of information flowing through critical systems. As a result, protecting critical infrastructures from intrusions and security threats have become a paramount concern in the field of intrusion detection systems (IDS). To address this concern, this research paper focuses on the importance of defending critical infrastructures against intrusions and security threats. It proposes a computational framework that incorporates feature selection through fuzzification. The effectiveness and performance of the proposed framework is evaluated using the NSL-KDD and UGRansome datasets in combination with selected machine learning (ML) models. The findings of the study highlight the effectiveness of fuzzy logic and the use of ensemble learning to enhance the performance of ML models. The research identifies Random Forest (RF) and Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGB) as the top performing algorithms to detect zero-day attacks. The results obtained from the implemented computational framework outperform previous methods documented in the IDS literature, reaffirming the significance of safeguarding critical infrastructures from intrusions and security threats.
The political economy of European monetary integration
Creators: name: SPAVENTA, L.
Publisher: name: PSL Quarterly Review
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: EMS, monetary integration
subject: E42, F15

description: The launch of the EMS, far from being the result of deep economic thinking, was the somewhat unexpected outcome of political initiative. The rather casual economic debate that took place at the time is appraised by examining some problems that were at the centre of the negotiations in 1978. Some economic and technical arguments used in the debate were either correct, but missing the political point, or irrelevant. On the other hand, when the EMS belatedly started in March 1979, much of the political glamour had gone. Ten years of EMS have witnessed a subtler and more interesting form of interaction between politics and economics. JEL: E42, F15
description: PSL Quarterly Review, V. 43, N. 172 (1990)
Analysis of the Airport Network of India as a complex weighted network
Creators: name: Bagler, Ganesh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Transportation infrastructure of a country is one of the most important indicators of its economic growth. Here we study the Airport Network of India (ANI), which represents India's domestic civil aviation infrastructure, as a complex network. We find that ANI, a network of domestic airports connected by air links, is a small-world network characterized by a truncated power-law degree distribution, and has a signature of hierarchy. We investigate ANI as a weighted network to explore its various properties and compare them with their topological counterparts. The traffic in ANI, as in the World-wide Airport Network (WAN), is found to be accumulated on interconnected groups of airports and is concentrated between large airports. In contrast to WAN, ANI is found to be having disassortative mixing which is offset by the traffic dynamics. The analysis indicates toward possible mechanism of formation of a national transportation network, which is different from that on a global scale.
description: 6 pages, 6 figures
title: Enchanted welfare : Islamic imaginary and giving to strangers in Turkey
Creators: name: Zeybek, Hilal
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 2013

description: This study explores welfare provision by non-states in contemporary Turkey. It analyses the phenomenon neither as an extension of the redistributive functions of the state nor as part of market mechanisms but through the theoretical lens of gift-giving. It argues that contractual relations of the market or the anonymity of redistribution fall short of acknowledging the personal, asymmetrical and religious formation of this field. The welfare regime in Turkey is currently undergoing radical transformation, with provisions increasingly expressed within a gift-giving vocabulary. Waqf, the Islamic institution of endowment, plays an important role in this transformation. It provides both the institutional frame of operation and the imaginary signification that interpellates subjects to take part in these operations. Historically, waqf has been the main welfare provider in Muslim societies and has provided a legitimate source of social citizenship. Though its various features, it has shaped the enactments of citizenship throughout a vast geography. This research is also an endeavour to see how these historical features inform the present landscape of welfare provision in Turkey. The research is built upon an extensive ethnography conducted in a central Anatolian city, with a booming industry and an Islamic outlook. The particular focus of this research, given its anthropological methodology, is the daily practices of various field actors. Instantiations of gift-giving characterize the majority of these practices-things, services, prayers, and recognition changing hands. Starting with this observation, the dissertation approaches gift-giving as a prominent mechanism in the field of welfare provision in Turkey. The significance of this paradigm is discussed vis-a-vis dominant political economic discourses, and the ethical and political potentials it brings forth are illustrated. This study is an invitation to have a fuller grasp of welfare provision as a hybrid field of social, political and ethical norms, behaviour and institutions.
Transaction costs and the portfolio demand for the ECU: the case of a lira based investor
Creators: name: CHRYSSANTHOU, N.
Publisher: name: PSL Quarterly Review
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Portfolio demand, ECU
subject: G11

description: The work investigates whether portfolio transaction costs affect the portfolio demand for the ECU. In particular, the effects of fixed brokerage fees on the portfolio demand for the ECU of a potential private investor in Italy are studied. JEL: G11
description: PSL Quarterly Review, V. 43, N. 172 (1990)
Stärkung der Selbstwirksamkeit durch regelmässige Naturerlebnisse im ausserschulischen Unterricht
Creators: name: Walser-Bonderer, Fabienne
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Sonderpädagogik
Naturerlebnis
Integrative Klasse
Zyklus 1
Kanton St. Gallen
Masterarbeit

description: Diese Arbeit setzt sich mit der Selbstwirksamkeit und dem ausserschulischen, integrativen Unterricht auseinander. Mit Hilfe von sechs Feldbeobachtungen und je zwei Fokus- und Kindergruppendiskussionen wurde untersucht, wie sich regelmässige Naturerlebnisse auf die Selbstwirksamkeit von Kindern auswirken. Die qualitative Forschung erfolgte in zwei integrativen Klassen des Zyklus 1 im Kanton St.Gallen. Die Ergebnisse der qualitativen Inhaltsanalyse zeigen auf, dass regelmässiger Unterricht an ausserschulischen Lernorten einen positiven Einfluss auf die allgemeine Selbstwirksamkeit hat und somit die Integration und die Beziehungen verbessert. Davon abgeleitet ergeben sich mehrheitlich Chancen für Kinder mit besonderen Bedürfnissen, in Bezug auf die Selbstwirksamkeit.
 Pädagogische Massnahmen können die Selbstwirksamkeit unterstützen. Als signifikant werden verbale Ermutigung, Ermöglichung von autonomen Tätigkeiten, gemeinsame Erlebnisse und der Fokus auf zurückhaltende Hilfeleistungen genannt und beobachtet.
Conceptualizing Drivers of Agriculture and Nutrition Policy Change through the Kaleidoscope Model
Creators: name: Resnick, D.
name: Babu, S.
name: Haggblade, S.
name: Hendriks, S.
name: Mather, D.
name: Resnick, D.
name: Babu, S.
name: Haggblade, S.
name: Hendriks, S.
name: Mather, D.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: International Development
subject: Political Economy
subject: Kaleidoscope model
subject: nutrition policy

description: The current emphasis in the development community on demonstrating policy impact requires a better understanding of national policymaking processes to recognize opportunities for, and limits to, generating policy change. Consequently, as part of the Feed the Future Innovation Lab for Food Security Policy (FSP), an applied framework has been developed to analyze drivers of change in the food security arena, with a specific emphasis on agriculture and nutrition policies. Bridging insights from existing operational hypotheses within the international donor community and drawing on academic scholarship from public administration and political science, the framework aims to be flexible enough to encompass a broad range of agricultural and nutrition policy issues across a diverse set of countries. As such, it aspires to inform a variety of ongoing policy initiatives related to promoting food security in developing countries. For instance, it can help uncover why countries facing similar agricultural and nutrition challenges choose very different policy options for addressing those challenges. Likewise, it can assist with pinpointing whether bottlenecks to the implementation of improved policies is attributed solely to low capacity or may instead reflect insufficient political will.
Plain language summary for the manuscript: Impact of Prior Biologic or Janus Kinase Inhibitor Therapy on Efficacy and Safety of Etrasimod in the ELEVATE UC 52 and ELEVATE UC 12 Trials
Creators: name: Vermeire, Séverine
name: Sands, Bruce E.
name: Peyrin-Biroulet, Laurent
name: D’Haens, Geert R.
name: Panés, Julian
name: J. Yarur, Andres
name: Wolf, Douglas C.
name: Ritter, Timothy
name: Schreiber, Stefan
name: Woolcott, John
name: Modesto, Irene
name: Keating, Michael
name: Shan, Kevin
name: Wu, Joseph
name: V. Chiorean, Michael
name: Baert, Filip
name: Dubinsky, Marla C.
name: Goetsch, Martina
name: Danese, Silvio
name: Feagan, Brian G.
Publisher: name: Pfizer
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 320209
subject: Gastroenterology and hepatology

description: This is a plain language summary (PLS) of an article published in a peer-reviewed scientific journal. This PLS is not peer-reviewed. The publisher of the original manuscript was not involved in the preparation of this PLS and has neither reviewed nor approved its content.
Relaxing the international constraints on full employment
Creators: name: BHADURI, A.
name: MATZNER, E.
Publisher: name: PSL Quarterly Review
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Exchange rates, Employment
subject: E24, F31, F41

description: A large number of economists seem to have come round in recent years to the view that Keynesian demand management policies do not work under current conditions. There are those who believe that the reasons are basically domestic or internal to the economy, and others who believe that the reasons are international or external to the economy, caused by its ‘openness’. The present paper seeks to analyse the exact nature of this external constraint in a regime of flexible exchange rates with high mobility of financial capital and then to suggest a simple tax measure which largely seems to satisfy this constraint. The authors argue that such a measure would also relax considerably the internal constraint in terms of the burden of servicing public debt. JEL: E24, F31, F41
description: PSL Quarterly Review, V. 43, N. 172 (1990)
Ozanimod: First Approval
Creators: name: Lamb, Yvette
Publisher: name: Adis Journals
Year: 2020
Subjects: Medicine

description: Compliance with Ethical Standards
Funding: The preparation of this review was not supported by any external funding.
Conflict of interest: During the peer review process the manufacturer of the agent under review was offered an opportunity to comment on the article. Changes resulting from any comments received were made by the author on the basis of scientific completeness and accuracy. Yvette Lamb is a salaried employee of Adis International Ltd/Springer Nature, is responsible for the article content and declares no relevant conflicts of interest.
Additional information about this Adis Drug Review can be found here

Abstract
Ozanimod (ZEPOSIA®; Celgene Corporation) is a novel, orally administered sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) receptor modulator. In March 2020, the US FDA approved ozanimod capsules for use in the treatment of relapsing forms of multiple sclerosis, to include clinically isolated syndrome, relapsing–remitting disease, and active secondary progressive disease, in adults. In the same month, ozanimod received a positive CHMP opinion recommending approval in the EU for the treatment of adult patients with relapsing–remitting multiple sclerosis with active disease defned by clinical or imaging features. Ozanimod is currently being evaluated for use in ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease in multinational phase III trials. This article summarizes the milestones in the development of ozanimod leading to its frst approval for relapsing forms of multiple sclerosis.

© Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020
Relaxing the international constraints on full employment. A comment
Creators: name: STEINDL, J.
Publisher: name: PSL Quarterly Review
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Exchange rates, Employment
subject: E24, F31, F41

description: The work is a critique of “Relaxing the international constraints on full employment”. The author questions the efficacy of the TOSTAB tax proposal in relaxing the constraint of foreign exchange speculation on governments in designing and implementing programs of fiscal expansion. Instead, direct capital control or cooperation between surplus and deficit countries is suggested. JEL: E24, F31, F41
description: PSL Quarterly Review, V. 43, N. 172 (1990)
Stages of Transformation in Food Processing and Marketing: Results of an Initial Inventory of Processed Food Products in Dar es Salaam, Arusha and Mwanza
Creators: name: Ijumba, Claire
name: Snyder, Jason
name: Tschirley, David
name: Reardon, Thomas
name: Ijumba, Claire
name: Snyder, Jason
name: Tschirley, David
name: Reardon, Thomas
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: International Development
subject: Tanzania
subject: processed food products
subject: food processing and marketing

description: Tanzania Policy Research Brief #2 (PRB#2) presented the results of multiple key informant interviews and an inventory of selected processed food products in Dar es Salaam, including maize flour products (excluding wheat), blended and other flour products, packaged rice, selected dairy, fruit juices, and poultry. The key findings were (1) the structure of food retail is changing rapidly, with many small‐ and large format supermarkets moving in, and (2) local and regional food manufacturing appears to be very competitive with imports from outside the region, and are characterized by (a) the rise of a few successful medium and large size firms producing highly processed products, and (b) a surge of many micro and small firms producing branded but largely undifferentiated maize meal, and somewhat more differentiated blended and other meals.
Relaxing the international constraints on full employment. A reply
Creators: name: MATZNER, E.
Publisher: name: PSL Quarterly Review
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Exchange rates, Employment
subject: E24, F31, F41

description: A response to Steindl’s critique of “Relaxing the international constraints on full employment”, and in particular the authors’ proposal of the TOSTAB tax. The author argues that while TOSTAB is inferior to cooperation between surplus and deficit countries against short-term speculation, its advantage is that it can be introduced unilaterally by a single surplus country even before a multilateral agreement can be achieved. JEL: E24, F31, F41
description: PSL Quarterly Review, V. 43, N. 172 (1990)
Quantum control beyond the adiabatic regime in 2D curved matter-wave guides
Creators: name: Impens, François
name: Duboscq, Romain
name: Guéry-Odelin, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The propagation of matter waves in curved geometry is relevant for electrons in nano-wires, solid-state physics structures and atomtronics. Curvature effects are usually addressed within the adiabatic limit and treated via an effective potential acting on the manifold to which the particles are strongly confined. However, the strength of the confinements that can be achieved experimentally are in practice limited, and the adiabatic approximation framework often appears too restrictive for the realistic design of relevant propagation structures. Here, we explore the design of 2D sharply bent wave-guides for the propagation of matter waves beyond the adiabatic regime. The bend design, which enables the connection of guide components rotated by an arbitrary angle and of arbitrary curvatures, rests on an exact inverse-engineering technique. The resolution of the full 2D Schrödinger equation in curved geometry shows that our method yields reflectionless guides with a transverse stability improved by several orders of magnitude when compared to circular guides of similar size.
A Quiet Revolution Emerging in the Fish-farming Value Chain in Myanmar: Implication for National Food Security
Creators: name: Belton, Ben
name: Hein, Aung
name: Htoo, Kyan
name: Kham, L. Seng
name: Nischan, Ulrike
name: Reardon, Thomas
name: Boughton, Duncan
name: Belton, Ben
name: Hein, Aung
name: Htoo, Kyan
name: Kham, L. Seng
name: Nischan, Ulrike
name: Reardon, Thomas
name: Boughton, Duncan
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: International Development
subject: fish farming
subject: Myanmar

description: Fish farming (aquaculture) is important to Myanmar’s food security and is developing and transforming quickly. This brief presents findings from a new field survey of the farmed fish value chain that is more detailed and broader than any previous study conducted in Myanmar. Many of our findings are at odds with what we perceive as conventional wisdom about fish farming in Myanmar. The findings have important policy implications to unlock the sector’s full growth potential and food security contributions.
The planet in M4: implications for planet formation in globular clusters
Creators: name: Beer, M. E.
name: King, A. R.
name: Pringle, J. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the formation and evolution of the planetary system PSR B1620-26 in the globular cluster M4. We propose that as M4 is a very-low metallicity environment the standard model of planet formation around main-sequence stars through the accretion of gas onto metallic rocky cores should not be applied. Consequently the previously suggested methods for formation are unlikely. We propose that the planet formed through the interaction of a passing star with a circumbinary disc during the common-envelope phase of the inner binary's evolution. This formation route is favoured by dense stellar systems such as globular clusters.
description: 8 pages, 2 figures, MNRAS accepted
The structural evolution of financial systems in the ’80s: from its determinants to its possible outcomes
Creators: name: NARDOZZI, G.
Publisher: name: PSL Quarterly Review
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Financial systems, Financial institutions, Financial development
subject: G20

description: The structural and institutional changes that have been taking place in financial systems throughout the ‘80s are not the result of a progressive evolution leading to a superior stage of financial development, but rather are largely the outcome of the crisis of a specific national model, that of the extreme specialisation of financial intermediaries set up in the U.S. in the ‘30s. An analysis of structural dynamics of financial systems based on a different theoretical framework, built by joining pieces and ideas of analysis from an array of literature, is provided. The author first outlines this scheme before applying it to the analysis of the recent structural evolution of financial systems and their current trends. JEL: G20
description: PSL Quarterly Review, V. 43, N. 172 (1990)
title: The unwritten rules of the game : a case study of European funding distribution in Wales
Creators: name: Rumbul, Rebecca Anne
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 2012

description: This thesis examines the process of European Union funding programme and its implementation within a network context, and asks how institutional and network factors influence which organisations acquire funding. It is a case study which focuses on one European programme and one project partnership that was successful in gaining funds, and details the processes and influences that determined the way in which such programmes are developed and funds are distributed. Multi-Level Governance (MLG) is evident in the overarching structures supporting the interactions between Wales and the European Commission. The study critically analyses the significant pressures upon the development of funding instruments, and identifies the outcomes those pressures produce in terms of the focus and accessibility of programme fund ing. It demonstrates that in the implementation of such funding instruments, organisations that are structurally embedded with in a network and institutional environment will prove to be more successful in forming partnerships and gaining funding. The methodological approach is qualitative and relies upon semi-structured interviews, documentary evidence and observations in offering an account of the process of funding development, implementation and distribution. This study rejects the use of a sing le theory in understanding resource distribution and demonstrates the need for a multi-faceted approach that encompasses the institutional environment in which funds originate. The process of programme development within the main governing institution demonstrates the pressures of institutional values and bureaucratic norms upon the frameworks, providing evidence for the perpetuation of norms and the need for legitimacy as stronger influences upon programme design than the achievement of policy goals. The implementation of programmes and subsequent development of projects demonstrates the structurally embedded nature of successful organisations and the influence of governing inst itutions in the development of successful project bids.
Modern mercantilism, central bank bankruptcy and policy dilemma: the case of Taiwan
Creators: name: FAN, L.S.
name: FAN, C.M.
Publisher: name: PSL Quarterly Review
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Taiwan, Monetary policy, Central bank
subject: E52

description: A case study of Taiwan’s economic growth and monetary policy. JEL: E52
description: PSL Quarterly Review, V. 43, N. 172 (1990)
The effects of interest rates on savings in developing countries
Creators: name: BALASSA, B.
Publisher: name: PSL Quarterly Review
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Interest rates, Developing countries, Savings
subject: E43

description: This paper provides evidence on the effects of interest rates on savings in developing countries. While the evidence is not conclusive, time-series estimates for individual countries as well as cross-section and time-series estimates for a number of countries point to the positive effects of interest rates on savings. At the same time, a variety of factors may have reduced the statistical significance of the estimates. The author points out that estimates of savings in developing countries are subject to considerable error. Also there are other errors associated with the measurement of interest rates and inflation rates, which are necessary to derive real interest rates. Finally, there is evidence that negative real interest rates bring a shift to gold, real estate, and consumer durables, which latter are included in savings as measured in national income statistics. JEL: E43
description: PSL Quarterly Review, V. 43, N. 172 (1990)
The Quality of Agriculture and Food Security Policy Processes at National Level in Malawi: Results from the 2015 Malawi Agriculture and Food Security Policy Processes Baseline Survey
Creators: name: Benson, Todd
name: Nankhuni, Flora
name: Mabiso, Athur
name: Maredia, Mywish
name: Benson, Todd
name: Nankhuni, Flora
name: Mabiso, Athur
name: Maredia, Mywish
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: International Development
subject: Political Economy
subject: Productivity Analysis
subject: Malawi
subject: policy processes

description: Over the past ten years, there have been several initiatives in Malawi to strengthen the processes through which national policies, strategies, and programs in the agriculture sector are designed and approved. These processes define how the nation assures the food security and nutrition of its citizens. As a consequence, in addition to the Ministry of Agriculture, Irrigation, and Water Development (MoAIWD), which continues to coordinate these policy processes, a broader and more diverse range of civil society and non-governmental organizations, firms or representatives of sub-sectoral umbrella organization from the private sector, and agricultural and food policy researchers from various institutions all now engage in the policy processes more regularly. Development partners remain engaged, although more so than in the past their perspectives are now more harmonized through the Donor Committee on Agriculture and Food Security.
New VR magnification ratios of QSO 0957+561
Creators: name: Goicoechea, L. J.
name: Gil-Merino, R.
name: Ullan, A.
name: Serra-Ricart, M.
name: Munoz, J. A.
name: Mediavilla, E.
name: Gonzalez-Cadelo, J.
name: Oscoz, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present VR magnification ratios of QSO 0957+561, which are inferred from the GLITP light curves of Q0957+561A and new frames taken with the 2.56m Nordic Optical Telescope about 14 months after the GLITP monitoring. From two photometric approaches and a reasonable range for the time delay in the system (415-430 days), we do not obtain achromatic optical continuum ratios, but ratios depending on the wavelength. These new measurements are consistent with differential extinction in the lens galaxy, the Lyman limit system, the damped Ly-alpha system, or the host galaxy of the QSO. The possible values for the differential extinction and the ratio of total to selective extinction in the V band are reasonable. Moreover, crude probability arguments suggest that the ray paths of the two components cross a similar dusty environment, including a network of compact dust clouds and compact dust voids. As an alternative (in fact, the usual interpretation of the old ratios), we also try to explain the new ratios as caused by gravitational microlensing in the deflector. From magnification maps for each of the gravitationally lensed images, using different fractions of the surface mass density represented by the microlenses, as well as different sizes and profiles of the V-band and R-band sources, several synthetic distributions of V-band and R-band ratios are derived. In some gravitational scenarios, there is an apparent disagreement between the observed pair of ratios and the simulated distributions. However, several microlensing pictures work well. To decide between either extinction, or microlensing, or a mixed scenario (extinction + microlensing), new observational and interpretation efforts are required.
description: PS and PDF versions are created from the LaTeX file and 5 EPS figures, two additional figues (Figs. 6 and 7) in JPEG format, scheduled for the ApJ 20 January 2005 issue
Agricultural Mechanization and South-South Knowledge Exchange: What can Ethiopian and Kenyan policymakers learn from Bangladesh’s experience?
Creators: name: Animaw, Addisu Tadege
name: Nkanya, Jasper Alfred Mutegi
name: Nyakiba, John Mogaka
name: Woldemariam, Tamiru Habte
name: Animaw, Addisu Tadege
name: Nkanya, Jasper Alfred Mutegi
name: Nyakiba, John Mogaka
name: Woldemariam, Tamiru Habte
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: International Development
subject: Productivity Analysis
subject: Bangladesh
subject: mechanization
subject: Ethiopia
subject: Kenya

description: Bangladesh recently has experienced fast growth in agricultural mechanization, with the share of area cultivated by tractors and power tillers increasing from 30 percent in the mid-1990s to 95 percent in 2015, with power tillers being used on three-quarters of the mechanically cultivated area. Moreover, agricultural machinery is not only used on large farms in Bangladesh, but has spread among smallholder farmers that own an average of 0.5 hectares (ha) of cropland. This rapid growth in agricultural mechanization has primarily relied on imported machines rather than domestic manufacture.
In defence of IS-LM
Creators: name: PATINKIN, D.
Publisher: name: PSL Quarterly Review
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: IS-LM, Hicks
subject: E12

description: The author offers a defence of the IS-LM diagram, first developed by Hicks and recently criticised by some as a misleading analytical device. JEL: E12
description: PSL Quarterly Review, V. 43, N. 172 (1990)
Adapting Photovoice to Visualise and Influence Environmental Behaviour across Australia, Bangladesh, and China
Creators: name: MICHAEL TIEN-LAI CHEW
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 160807 Sociological Methodology and Research Methods
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 120302 Design Innovation
subject: FOS: Arts (arts, history of arts, performing arts, music)
subject: 220303 Environmental Philosophy
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion

description: This practice-based inquiry explores how photovoice methods can be used to engage with environmental behaviour in a multi-sited context. Photovoice methods are adapted through a design-based participatory action research approach to explore visualising and influencing environmental behaviour among urban youth in Australia, Bangladesh and China. A mixed-methods analysis of these participatory practices and their visual products affirm the importance of materiality, relationality and empathy to engagement. The research established an original ‘open photovoice’ method that contributes to the design and use of participatory visual practices in behaviour change programs and multi-sited research.