cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
On the Kemeny time for continuous-time reversible and irreversible Markov processes with applications to stochastic resetting and to conditioning towards forever-survival
Creators: name: Mazzolo, Alain
name: Monthus, Cecile
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: For continuous-time ergodic Markov processes, the Kemeny time $τ_*$ is the characteristic time needed to converge towards the steady state $P_*(x)$ : in real-space, the Kemeny time $τ_*$ corresponds to the average of the Mean-First-Passage-Time $τ(x,x_0) $ over the final configuration $x$ drawn with the steady state $P_*(x)$, which turns out to be independent of the initial configuration $x_0$; in the spectral domain, the Kemeny time $τ_*$ corresponds to the sum of the inverses of all the non-vanishing eigenvalues $λ_n \ne 0 $ of the opposite generator. We describe many illustrative examples involving jumps and/or diffusion in one dimension, where the Kemeny time can be explicitly computed as a function of the system-size, via its real-space definition and/or via its spectral definition : we consider both reversible processes satisfying detailed-balance where the eigenvalues are real, and irreversible processes characterized by non-vanishing steady currents where the eigenvalues can be complex. In particular, we study the specific properties of the Kemeny times for Markov processes with stochastic resetting, and for absorbing Markov processes conditioned to survive forever.
description: v2= final revised version (73 pages)
Computational implications of motor primitives for cortical motor learning
Creators: name: Schieferstein, Natalie
name: Züge, Paul
name: Memmesheimer, Raoul-Martin
Publisher: name: G-Node
Year: 2024
Subjects: Computational Neuroscience
Motor control, movement and navigation

description: Bernstein Conference 2024 abstract. https://bernstein-conference.de
Serum Calprotectin as a marker of neonatal sepsis – a hospital-based cross-sectional diagnostic study
Creators: name: Pardha Ramineni
name: Kamath, Sowmini Padmanabh
name: Poornima Manjrekar
name: Padmanabh  Kamath
name: Vaman Kulkarni
name: Mithra, Prasanna
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: Life Sciences

description: A hospital-based cross-sectional diagnostic study
Effective Field Theory for Finite Systems with Spontaneously Broken Symmetry
Creators: name: Papenbrock, T.
name: Weidenmueller, H. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We extend effective field theory to the case of spontaneous symmetry breaking in genuinely finite quantum systems such as small superfluid systems, molecules or atomic nuclei, and focus on deformed nuclei. In finite superfluids, symmetry arguments alone relate the spectra of systems with different particle numbers. For systems with non-spherical intrinsic ground states such as atomic nuclei or molecules, symmetry arguments alone yield the universal features of the low-lying excitations as vibrations that are the heads of rotational bands. The low-lying excitations in deformed nuclei differ from those in molecules because of symmetry properties caused by pairing.
description: 9 pages; considerably expanded presentation; example of emergent U(1) breaking added
To add or to multiply? The ring-attractor network in the zebrafish heading-direction system.
Creators: name: Mei, Siyuan
name: Lavian, Hagar
name: Wu, You K.
name: Stemmler, Martin
name: Portugues, Rubén
name: Herz, Andreas
Publisher: name: G-Node
Year: 2024
Subjects: Computational Neuroscience
Motor control, movement and navigation

description: Bernstein Conference 2024 abstract. https://bernstein-conference.de
3D Movement Analysis of the Ruhr Hand Motion Catalog of Human Center-Out Transport Trajectories
Creators: name: Sziburis, Tim
name: Blex, Susanne
name: Iossifidis, Ioannis
Publisher: name: G-Node
Year: 2024
Subjects: Computational Neuroscience
Motor control, movement and navigation

description: Bernstein Conference 2024 abstract. https://bernstein-conference.de
Enabling Country-Scale Land Cover Mapping with Meter-Resolution Satellite Imagery
Creators: name: Tong, Xin-Yi
name: Xia, Gui-Song
name: Zhu, Xiao Xiang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: High-resolution satellite images can provide abundant, detailed spatial information for land cover classification, which is particularly important for studying the complicated built environment. However, due to the complex land cover patterns, the costly training sample collections, and the severe distribution shifts of satellite imageries, few studies have applied high-resolution images to land cover mapping in detailed categories at large scale. To fill this gap, we present a large-scale land cover dataset, Five-Billion-Pixels. It contains more than 5 billion labeled pixels of 150 high-resolution Gaofen-2 (4 m) satellite images, annotated in a 24-category system covering artificial-constructed, agricultural, and natural classes. In addition, we propose a deep-learning-based unsupervised domain adaptation approach that can transfer classification models trained on labeled dataset (referred to as the source domain) to unlabeled data (referred to as the target domain) for large-scale land cover mapping. Specifically, we introduce an end-to-end Siamese network employing dynamic pseudo-label assignment and class balancing strategy to perform adaptive domain joint learning. To validate the generalizability of our dataset and the proposed approach across different sensors and different geographical regions, we carry out land cover mapping on five megacities in China and six cities in other five Asian countries severally using: PlanetScope (3 m), Gaofen-1 (8 m), and Sentinel-2 (10 m) satellite images. Over a total study area of 60,000 square kilometers, the experiments show promising results even though the input images are entirely unlabeled. The proposed approach, trained with the Five-Billion-Pixels dataset, enables high-quality and detailed land cover mapping across the whole country of China and some other Asian countries at meter-resolution.
pykanto: a python library to accelerate research on wild bird song
Creators: name: Recalde, Nilo Merino
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Sound (cs.SD)
subject: Audio and Speech Processing (eess.AS)
subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: D.2.2; D.2.13; J.3

description: Studying the vocalisations of wild animals can be a challenge due to the limitations of traditional computational methods, which often are time-consuming and lack reproducibility. Here, I present pykanto, a new software package that provides a set of tools to build, manage, and explore large sound databases. It can automatically find discrete units in animal vocalisations, perform semi-supervised labelling of individual repertoires with a new interactive web app, and feed data to deep learning models to study things like individual signatures and acoustic similarity between individuals and populations. To demonstrate its capabilities, I put the library to the test on the vocalisations of male great tits in Wytham Woods, near Oxford, UK. The results show that the identities of individual birds can be accurately determined from their songs and that the use of pykanto improves the efficiency and reproducibility of the process.
description: 9 pages, 3 figures
Multi-Agent Learning of Numerical Methods for Hyperbolic PDEs with Factored Dec-MDP
Creators: name: Fu, Yiwei
name: Kapilavai, Dheeraj S. K.
name: Way, Elliot
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Multiagent Systems (cs.MA)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Factored decentralized Markov decision process (Dec-MDP) is a framework for modeling sequential decision making problems in multi-agent systems. In this paper, we formalize the learning of numerical methods for hyperbolic partial differential equations (PDEs), specifically the Weighted Essentially Non-Oscillatory (WENO) scheme, as a factored Dec-MDP problem. We show that different reward formulations lead to either reinforcement learning (RL) or behavior cloning, and a homogeneous policy could be learned for all agents under the RL formulation with a policy gradient algorithm. Because the trained agents only act on their local observations, the multi-agent system can be used as a general numerical method for hyperbolic PDEs and generalize to different spatial discretizations, episode lengths, dimensions, and even equation types.
description: Submitted to 20th International Conference on Practical Applications of Agents and Multi-Agent Systems (PAAMS 2022)
Modular conjugations in 2D conformal field theory and holographic bit threads
Creators: name: Mintchev, Mihail
name: Tonni, Erik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the geometric action of some modular conjugations in two dimensional (2D) conformal field theories. We investigate the bipartition given by an interval when the system is in the ground state, either on the line or on the circle, and in the thermal Gibbs state on the line. We find that the restriction of the corresponding inversion maps to a spatial slice is obtained also in the gauge/gravity correspondence through the geodesic bit threads in a constant time slice of the dual static asymptotically AdS background. For a CFT in the thermal state on the line, the modular conjugation suggests the occurrence of a second world which can be related through the geodesic bit threads to the horizon of the BTZ black brane background. An inversion map is constructed also for the massless Dirac fermion in the ground state and on the line bipartite by the union of two disjoint intervals.
description: 49 pages, 15 figures
Modelling and simulation of adhesive curing processes in bonded piezo metal composites
Creators: name: Landgraf, Ralf
name: Rudolph, Martin
name: Scherzer, Robert
name: Ihlemann, Jörn
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This work deals with the modelling and simulation of curing phenomena in adhesively bonded piezo metal composites which consist of an adhesive layer with integrated piezoelectric module and two surrounding metal sheet layers. In a first step, a general modelling framework is proposed which is able to represent curing phenomena in polymers at finite strains. Based on this formulation, a concretized model is deduced for the simulation of curing in one specific epoxy based adhesive. Here, appropriate material functions are specified and the thermodynamic consistency is proved. Regarding the finite element implementation, a numerical integration scheme and a new approach for the consideration of different initial conditions are provided. Finally, finite element simulations of a newly proposed manufacturing process for the production of bonded piezo metal composite structures are conducted. A deep drawing process of the composite with uncured adhesive layer and the subsequent adhesive curing are investigated.
description: final paper published at Journal of Computational Mechanics
ADAPTING BLOCKCHAIN TECHNOLOGY FOR CYBERSECURITY IN HEALTHCARE
Creators: name: Nahabedian, Daniel
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: blockchain
cybersecurity
healthcare
framework
security
technology

description: Cybersecurity within the healthcare industry, for far too long, has been seen as a reactive measure rather than an active one. Companies tend to make up solutions as they go. The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic has exposed weaknesses within cybersecurity in the healthcare industry. In addition, the pandemic has also exposed the lack of evolutions of cybersecurity within the healthcare industry. This paper will attempt to answer the question of why cybersecurity has fallen behind and what can be done to improve its footing. More importantly, this paper will go in-depth on blockchain technology and how this modern technology can greatly improve cybersecurity within the healthcare industry. Blockchain technology is relatively new as is already used in areas of healthcare that deal with accuracy of information. Blockchain technology can be used to help strengthen cybersecurity, offer a new evolution within cybersecurity, and allow the healthcare industry to have an adaptable security framework.
Chirality selective magnon-phonon hybridization and magnon-induced chiral phonons in a layered zigzag antiferromagnet
Creators: name: Cui, Jun
name: Bostroem, Emil Vinas
name: Ozerov, Mykhaylo
name: Wu, Fangliang
name: Jiang, Qianni
name: Chu, Jiun-Haw
name: Li, Changcun
name: Liu, Fucai
name: Xu, Xiaodong
name: Rubio, Angel
name: Zhang, Qi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Two-dimensional (2D) magnetic systems possess versatile magnetic order and can host tunable magnons carrying spin angular momenta. Recent advances show angular momentum can also be carried by lattice vibrations in the form of chiral phonons. However, the interplay between magnons and chiral phonons as well as the details of chiral phonon formation in a magnetic system are yet to be explored. Here, we report the observation of magnon-induced chiral phonons and chirality selective magnon-phonon hybridization in a layered zigzag antiferromagnet (AFM) FePSe$_3$. With a combination of magneto-infrared and magneto-Raman spectroscopy, we observe chiral magnon polarons (chiMP), the new hybridized quasiparticles, at zero magnetic field. The hybridization gap reaches 0.25~meV and survives down to the quadrilayer limit. Via first principle calculations, we uncover a coherent coupling between AFM magnons and chiral phonons with parallel angular momenta, which arises from the underlying phonon and space group symmetries. This coupling lifts the chiral phonon degeneracy and gives rise to an unusual Raman circular polarization of the chiMP branches. The observation of coherent chiral spin-lattice excitations at zero magnetic field paves the way for angular momentum-based hybrid phononic and magnonic devices.
Anisotropic signatures of the electronic correlations in the electrical resistivity of UTe$_2$
Creators: name: Thebault, T.
name: Knafo, W.
name: Vališka, M.
name: Lapertot, G.
name: Pourret, A.
name: Aoki, D.
name: Knebel, G.
name: Braithwaite, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Multiple unconventional superconducting phases are suspected to be driven by magnetic fluctuations in the heavy-fermion paramagnet UTe$_2$, and a challenge is to identify the signatures of the electronic correlations, including the magnetic fluctuations, in the bulk physical quantities. Here, we investigate thoroughly the anisotropy of the electrical resistivity of UTe$_2$ under intense magnetic fields up to 70~T, for different electrical-current and magnetic-field configurations. Two characteristic temperatures and an anisotropic low-temperature Fermi-liquid-like coefficient $A$, controlled by the electronic correlations, are extracted. Their critical behavior near the metamagnetic transition induced at $μ_0H_m\simeq35$~T for $\mathbf{H}\parallel\mathbf{b}$ is characterized. Anisotropic scattering processes are evidenced and magnetic fluctuations are proposed to contribute, via a Kondo hybridization, to the electrical resistivity. Our work appeals for a microscopic modeling of the anisotropic contributions to the electrical resistivity as a milestone for understanding magnetically-mediated superconductivity in UTe$_2$.
description: - Main text: 10 pages, 5 Figures and 60 References - Supplemental Material: 5 pages, 5 Figures, 1 Table and 11 References - there was a problem with Refs. in version 1 of the preprint, this is corrected in version 2 of the preprint
Ergodic theory for quantum semigroups
Creators: name: Runde, Volker
name: Viselter, Ami
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary: 20G42, Secondary: 22D25, 37A15, 37A25, 37A30, 46L89

description: Recent results of L. Zsido, based on his previous work with C. P. Niculescu and A. Stroh, on actions of topological semigroups on von Neumann algebras, give a Jacobs-de Leeuw-Glicksberg splitting theorem at the von Neumann algebra (rather than Hilbert space) level. We generalize this to the framework of actions of quantum semigroups, namely Hopf-von Neumann algebras. To this end, we introduce and study a notion of almost periodic vectors and operators that is suitable for our setting.
description: 21 pages. v2: minor changes. To appear in the Journal of the London Mathematical Society
Bounds for the Stieltjes Transform and the Density of States of Wigner Matrices
Creators: name: Cacciapuoti, Claudio
name: Maltsev, Anna
name: Schlein, Benjamin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60B20, 60B12, 47B80

description: We consider ensembles of Wigner matrices, whose entries are (up to the symmetry constraints) independent and identically distributed random variables. We show the convergence of the Stieltjes transform towards the Stieltjes transform of the semicircle law on optimal scales and with the optimal rate. Our bounds improve previous results, in particular from [22,10], by removing the logarithmic corrections. As applications, we establish the convergence of the eigenvalue counting functions with the rate $(\log N)/N$ and the rigidity of the eigenvalues of Wigner matrices on the same scale. These bounds improve the results of [22,10,23].
description: New title, former title "Optimal Bounds on the Stieltjes Transform of Wigner Matrices". Updated references
Quantitative modeling of the emergence of macroscopic grid-like representations
Creators: name: Bin Khalid, Ikhwan
name: Reifenstein, Eric T.
name: Auer, Naomi
name: Kunz, Lukas
name: Kempter, Richard
Publisher: name: G-Node
Year: 2024
Subjects: Computational Neuroscience

description: Bernstein Conference 2024 abstract. https://bernstein-conference.de
title: Erweiterter Geltungsbereich für die Gesamtanlage Meersburg. Das historische und kulturlandschaftliche „Kapital“ der alten Stadt erhielt eine umfassendere Sicherung
Creators: name: Caesar, Volker
name: Buch, Felicitas
name: Ruhland, Michael
Publisher: name: University Library Heidelberg
Year: 2014

description: Denkmalpflege in Baden-Württemberg – Nachrichtenblatt der Landesdenkmalpflege, Bd. 33, Nr. 3 (2004), Beginn und Erscheinungsfrequenz: Ausgaben pro Band: 4
A Visual Representation-guided Framework with Global Affinity for Weakly Supervised Salient Object Detection
Creators: name: Xu, Binwei
name: Liang, Haoran
name: Gong, Weihua
name: Liang, Ronghua
name: Chen, Peng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Fully supervised salient object detection (SOD) methods have made considerable progress in performance, yet these models rely heavily on expensive pixel-wise labels. Recently, to achieve a trade-off between labeling burden and performance, scribble-based SOD methods have attracted increasing attention. Previous scribble-based models directly implement the SOD task only based on SOD training data with limited information, it is extremely difficult for them to understand the image and further achieve a superior SOD task. In this paper, we propose a simple yet effective framework guided by general visual representations with rich contextual semantic knowledge for scribble-based SOD. These general visual representations are generated by self-supervised learning based on large-scale unlabeled datasets. Our framework consists of a task-related encoder, a general visual module, and an information integration module to efficiently combine the general visual representations with task-related features to perform the SOD task based on understanding the contextual connections of images. Meanwhile, we propose a novel global semantic affinity loss to guide the model to perceive the global structure of the salient objects. Experimental results on five public benchmark datasets demonstrate that our method, which only utilizes scribble annotations without introducing any extra label, outperforms the state-of-the-art weakly supervised SOD methods. Specifically, it outperforms the previous best scribble-based method on all datasets with an average gain of 5.5% for max f-measure, 5.8% for mean f-measure, 24% for MAE, and 3.1% for E-measure. Moreover, our method achieves comparable or even superior performance to the state-of-the-art fully supervised models.
Ballistic spin resonance in multisubband quantum wires
Creators: name: Hachiya, Marco O.
name: Usaj, Gonzalo
name: Egues, J. Carlos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Ballistic spin resonance was experimentally observed in a quasi-one-dimensional wire by Frolov et al. [Nature (London) 458, 868 (2009)]. The spin resonance was generated by a combination of an external static magnetic field and the oscillating effective spin-orbit magnetic field due to periodic bouncings of the electrons off the boundaries of a narrow channel. An increase of the D'yakonov-Perel spin relaxation rate was observed when the frequency of the spin-orbit field matched that of the Larmor precession frequency around the external magnetic field. Here we develop a model to account for the D'yakonov-Perel mechanism in multisubband quantum wires with both the Rashba and Dresselhaus spin-orbit interactions. Considering elastic spin-conserving impurity scatterings in the time-evolution operator (Heisenberg representation), we extract the spin relaxation time by evaluating the time-dependent average of the spin operators. The magnetic field dependence of the nonlocal voltage, which is related to the spin relaxation time behavior, shows a wide plateau, in agreement with the experimental observation. This plateau arises due to injection in higher subbands and small-angle scattering. In this quantum mechanical approach, the spin resonance occurs near the spin-orbit induced energy anticrossings of the quantum wire subbands with opposite spins. We also predict anomalous dips in the spin relaxation time as a function of the magnetic field in systems with strong spin-orbit couplings.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures
Two New Cytoarchitectonic Areas Identified on the Anterior Fusiform Gyrus
Creators: name: Dietermann, Manuel J.
name: Bludau, Sebastian
name: Mohlberg, Hartmut
name: Amunts, Katrin
Publisher: name: G-Node
Year: 2024
Subjects: Computational Neuroscience

description: Bernstein Conference 2024 abstract. https://bernstein-conference.de
Subtracting the kinetic Sunyaev-Zeldovich effect from the cosmic microwave background with surveys of large-scale structure
Creators: name: Foreman, Simon
name: Hotinli, Selim C.
name: Madhavacheril, Mathew S.
name: van Engelen, Alexander
name: Kreisch, Christina D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The kinetic Sunyaev-Zeldovich (kSZ) effect will be an important source of cosmological and astrophysical information in upcoming surveys of the cosmic microwave background (CMB). However, the kSZ effect will also act as the dominant source of noise for several other measurements that use small angular scales in CMB temperature maps, since its blackbody nature implies that standard component separation techniques cannot be used to remove it from observed maps. In this paper, we explore the idea of "de-kSZing": constructing a template for the late-time kSZ effect using external surveys of large-scale structure, and then subtracting this template from CMB temperature maps in order to remove some portion of the kSZ signal. After building intuition for general aspects of the de-kSZing procedure, we perform forecasts for the de-kSZing efficiency of several large-scale structure surveys, including BOSS, DESI, Roman, MegaMapper, and PUMA. We also highlight potential applications of de-kSZing to cosmological constraints from the CMB temperature power spectrum, CMB lensing reconstruction, and the moving-lens effect. While our forecasts predict achievable de-kSZing efficiencies of 10-20% at best, these results are specific to the de-kSZing formalism adopted in this work, and we expect that higher efficiencies are possible using improved versions of this formalism.
description: 36 pages, 19 figures, 2 tables. v2: PRD published version. Title changed by journal request
title: Memento mori. Ein Wandmalereifund im ehemaligen Franziskanerkloster in Überlingen
Creators: name: Storz, Udo
name: Caesar, Volker
Publisher: name: University Library Heidelberg
Year: 2014

description: Denkmalpflege in Baden-Württemberg – Nachrichtenblatt der Landesdenkmalpflege, Bd. 33, Nr. 4 (2004), Beginn und Erscheinungsfrequenz: Ausgaben pro Band: 4
Impact of Propagation Environment on Energy-Efficient Relay Placement: Model and Performance Analysis
Creators: name: Parzysz, Fanny
name: Vu, Mai
name: Gagnon, François
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The performance of a relay-based cellular network is greatly affected by the relay location within a cell. Existing results for optimal relay placement do not reflect how the radio propagation environment and choice of the coding scheme can impact system performance. In this paper, we analyze the impact on relaying performance of node distances, relay height and line-of-sight conditions for both uplink and downlink transmissions, using several relay coding schemes. Our first objective is to propose a geometrical model for energy-efficient relay placement that requires only a small number of characteristic distances. Our second objective is to estimate the maximum cell coverage of a relay-aided cell given power constraints, and conversely, the averaged energy consumption given a cell radius. We show that the practical full decode-forward scheme performs close to the energy-optimized partial decode-forward scheme when the relay is ideally located. However, away from this optimum relay location, performance rapidly degrades and more advanced coding scheme, such as partial decode-forward, is needed to maintain good performance and allow more freedom in the relay placement. Finally, we define a trade-off between cell coverage and energy efficiency, and show that there exists a relay location for which increasing the cell coverage has a minimal impact on the average energy consumed per unit area.
description: To appear in IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications
Modeling the formation of Selk impact crater on Titan: Implications for Dragonfly
Creators: name: Wakita, Shigeru
name: Johnson, Brandon C.
name: Soderblom, Jason M.
name: Shah, Jahnavi
name: Neish, Catherine D.
name: Steckloff, Jordan K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Selk crater is an $\sim$ 80 km diameter impact crater on the Saturnian icy satellite, Titan. Melt pools associated with impact craters like Selk provide environments where liquid water and organics can mix and produce biomolecules like amino acids. It is partly for this reason that the Selk region has been selected as the area that NASA's Dragonfly mission will explore and address one of its primary goals: to search for biological signatures on Titan. Here we simulate Selk-sized impact craters on Titan to better understand the formation of Selk and its melt pool. We consider several structures for the icy target material by changing the thickness of the methane clathrate layer, which has a substantial effect on the target thermal structure and crater formation. Our numerical results show that a 4 km-diameter-impactor produces a Selk-sized crater when 5-15 km thick methane clathrate layers are considered. We confirm the production of melt pools in these cases and find that the melt volumes are similar regardless of methane clathrate layer thickness. The distribution of the melted material, however, is sensitive to the thickness of the methane clathrate layer. The melt pool appears as a torus-like shape with a few km depth in the case of 10-15 km thick methane clathrate layer, and as a shallower layer in the case of a 5 km thick clathrate layer. Melt pools of this thickness may take tens of thousands of years to freeze, allowing more time for complex organics to form.
description: 32 pages, 11 figures, accepted for publication in PSJ
The 3d O(4) model as an effective approach to the QCD phase diagram
Creators: name: López-Contreras, Edgar
name: García-Hernández, José Antonio
name: Polanco-Euán, Elías Natanael
name: Bietenholz, Wolfgang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The QCD phase diagram is one of the most prominent outstanding puzzles within the Standard Model. Various experiments, which aim at its exploration beyond small baryon density, are operating or in preparation. From the theoretical side, this is an issue of non-perturbative QCD, and therefore of lattice simulations. However, a finite baryon density entails a technical problem (known as the ``sign problem''), which has not been overcome so far. Here we present a study of an effective theory, the O(4) non-linear sigma model. It performs spontaneous symmetry breaking with the same Lie group structure as 2-flavor QCD in the chiral limit, which strongly suggests that they belong to the same universality class. Since we are interested in high temperature, we further assume dimensional reduction to the 3d O(4) model, which implies topological sectors. As pointed out by Skyrme, Wilczek and others, its topological charge takes the rôle of the baryon number. Hence the baryon chemical potential $μ_{B}$ appears as an imaginary vacuum angle, which can be included in the lattice simulation without any sign problem. We present numerical results for the critical line in the chiral limit, and for the crossover in the presence of light quark masses. Their shapes are compatible with other predictions, but up to the value of about $μ_{B} \approx 300~{\rm MeV}$ we do not find the notorious Critical Endpoint (CEP).
description: 13 pages, LaTex, 16 figures, presented at the "XXXV Reuni\'{o}n Anual de la Divisi\'{o}n de Part\'{i}culas y Campos", of the "Socieded Mexicana de F\'{i}sica". Published version, references added, minor corrections
Charge density wave-generated Fermi surfaces in NdTe$_3$
Creators: name: Chikina, Alla
name: Lund, Henriette
name: Bianchi, Marco
name: Curcio, Davide
name: Dalgaard, Kirstine J.
name: Bremholm, Martin
name: Lei, Shiming
name: Singha, Ratnadwip
name: Schoop, Leslie M.
name: Hofmann, Philip
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The electronic structure of NdTe$_3$ in the charge density wave phase (CDW) is investigated by angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy. The combination of high-quality crystals and careful surface preparation reveals subtle and previously unobserved details in the Fermi surface topology, allowing an interpretation of the rich and unexplained quantum oscillations in the rare earth tritellurides RTe$_3$. In particular, several closed Fermi surface elements can be observed that are related to CDW-induced replicas of the original bands, leading to the curious situation in which a CDW does not only remove Fermi surface elements but creates new ones that are observable in transport experiments. Moreover, a large residual Fermi surface is found in the CDW gap, very close to the position of the gapped normal-state Fermi surface. Its area agrees very well with high-frequency quantum oscillations in NdTe$_3$ and its presence is explained by strong electron-phonon coupling combined with the quasi one-dimensional character of the CDW. Finally, we identify the origin of the low-frequency $α$ quantum oscillations ubiquitous for the lighter R elements in the RTe$_3$ family and responsible for the high mobility in these compounds.
Study of the Inflationary Spectrum in the Presence of Quantum Gravity Corrections
Creators: name: Maniccia, Giulia
name: Montani, Giovanni
name: Torcellini, Leonardo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: After a brief review of the different approaches to predict the possible quantum gravity corrections to quantum field theory, we discuss in some detail the formulation based on a Gaussian reference frame fixing. Then, we implement this scenario to the determination of the inflationary spectrum of primordial perturbations. We consider the quantization of an inhomogeneous free massless scalar field on a quasi-classical isotropic Universe, developing a WKB expansion of the dynamics at the next order in the Planckian parameter, with respect to the one at which standard QFT emerges. The quantum gravity corrections to the scale invariant spectrum are discussed in a specific primordial cosmological setting and then in a general minisuperspace formalism, showing that there is no mode-dependent effect and thus the scale invariant inflationary spectrum is preserved. Such result is discussed in connection to the absence of a matter backreaction on the gravitational background in the considered paradigm.
description: 24 pages. Discussion expanded and references added; matches the published version
Signature of a light charged Higgs boson from top quark pairs at the LHC
Creators: name: Hu, YaLu
name: Fu, ChunHao
name: Gao, Jun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The charged Higgs boson is a smoking gun of extensions of the standard model with multiple Higgs-doublets, and has been searched for at various collider experiments. In this paper, we study signature of a light charged Higgs boson produced by top quark pairs at the LHC, with subsequent three-body decays into a W boson and a pair of bottom quarks. Cross sections on final states of two W bosons plus four bottom quarks have been measured by the ATLAS collaboration at the LHC 13 TeV. We reinterpret the experimental data under the scenario of a light charged Higgs boson, and find improved agreements. We obtain the first limit from LHC direct searches on the total branching ratio of the three-body decay, $Br(t\rightarrow H^+b)\times Br(H^+\rightarrow W^+b\bar b)$, and the strongest direct constraints on the parameter space of a class of type-I two-Higgs-Doublet models.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures; journal version
Plasticity-driven circuit self-organization on spiking stabilized supralinear networks
Creators: name: Adell Segarra, Raul
name: Festa, Dylan
name: Maoutsa, Dimitra
name: Gjorgjieva, Julijana
Publisher: name: G-Node
Year: 2024
Subjects: Computational Neuroscience
Learning, plasticity and memory

description: Bernstein Conference 2024 abstract. https://bernstein-conference.de
Detection of long-range entanglement in gapped quantum spin liquids by local measurements
Creators: name: Feng, Shi
name: He, Yanjun
name: Trivedi, Nandini
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Topological order, reflected in long range patterns of entanglement, is quantified by the topological entanglement entropy (TEE) $γ$. We show that for gapped quantum spin liquids (QSL) it is possible to extract $γ$ using two-spin local correlators. We demonstrate our method for the gapped $\mathbb{Z}_2$ Kitaev spin liquid on a honeycomb lattice with anisotropic interactions. We show that the $γ= \log 2$ for $\mathbb{Z}_2$ topological order can be simply extracted from local two-spin correlators across two different bonds, with an accuracy comparable or higher than the Kitaev-Preskill construction. This implies that the different superselection sectors of $\mathbb{Z}_2$ gauge theory determined by global Wilson loop operators can be fully reflected locally in the matter majorana sector.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures
Biological evidence that the cortex does not implement backpropagation
Creators: name: De Haan, Sander
name: Vilimelis Aceituno, Pau
name: Loidl, Reinhard
name: Grewe, Benjamin F.
Publisher: name: G-Node
Year: 2024
Subjects: Computational Neuroscience
Learning, plasticity and memory

description: Bernstein Conference 2024 abstract. https://bernstein-conference.de
A Curious Trigonometric Infinite Product in Context
Creators: name: Milgram, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Mathematics (math.GM)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 40A20, 26-02, 26A09, 26E99, 33-02, 33B10

description: By treating the multiple argument identity of the logarithm of the Gamma function as a functional equation, we obtain a curious infinite product representation of the $sinc$ function in terms of the cotangent function. This result is believed to be new. It is then shown how to convert the infinite product to a finite product, which turns out to be a simple telescoping of the double angle $sin$ function. In general, this result unifies known infinite product identities involving various trigonometric functions when the product term index appears as an exponent. In one unusual case, what appears to be a straightforward limit, suggests a counterexample to Weierstrass' factor theorem. A resolution is offered. An Appendix presents the general solution to a simple functional equation. This work is motivated by its educational interest.
description: This work is intended to be an educational exercise in the merits of curiosity
Classical approach to equilibrium of out-of-time ordered correlators in mixed systems
Creators: name: Notenson, Tomás
name: García-Mata, Ignacio
name: Roncaglia, Augusto J.
name: Wisniacki, Diego A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The out-of-time ordered correlator (OTOC) is a measure of scrambling of quantum information. Scrambling is intuitively considered to be a significant feature of chaotic systems and thus the OTOC is widely used as a measure of chaos. For short times exponential growth is related to the classical Lyapunov exponent, sometimes known as butterfly effect. At long times the OTOC attains an average equilibrium value with possible oscillations. For fully chaotic systems the approach to the asymptotic regime is exponential with a rate given by the classical Ruelle-Pollicott resonances. In this work, we extend this notion by showing that classical generalized resonances govern the relaxation to equilibrium of the OTOC in the ubiquitous case of a system with mixed dynamics, in particular, the standard map.
description: 9 pages, 9 figures. Closest to published version
Long-distance multiplexed quantum teleportation from a telecom photon to a solid-state qubit
Creators: name: Lago-Rivera, Dario
name: Rakonjac, Jelena V.
name: Grandi, Samuele
name: de Riedmatten, Hugues
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum teleportation is an essential capability for quantum networks, allowing the transmission of quantum bits (qubits) without a direct exchange of quantum information. Its implementation between distant parties requires teleportation of the quantum information to matter qubits that store it for long enough to allow users to perform further processing. Here we demonstrate long distance quantum teleportation from a photonic qubit at telecom wavelength to a matter qubit, stored as a collective excitation in a solid-state quantum memory. Our system encompasses an active feed-forward scheme, implementing a phase shift on the qubit retrieved from the memory, therefore completing the protocol. Moreover, our approach is time-multiplexed, allowing for an increase in the teleportation rate, and is directly compatible with the deployed telecommunication networks, two key features for its scalability and practical implementation, that will play a pivotal role in the development of long-distance quantum communication.
title: Matrilokalität in der Bandkeramik? Ein ethnologisches Modell und seine Implikationen
Creators: name: Eisenhauer, Ursula
Publisher: name: University Library Heidelberg
Year: 2014

description: Ausgangspunkt des Artikels ist ein ethnologisches Modell von W.T. Divale, das die (1) Migration von Bevölkerungen mit geringer sozialer Komplexität in ein bereits besiedeltes Gebiet mit (2) interkulturellen Kriegen und (3) Matrilokalität bei der einwandernden Gruppe verbindet. Dieses Modell wird vorgestellt, mit den archäologischen Befunden aus ältestbandkeramischem Kontext verglichen und
diskutiert. Daraus können Hypothesen sowohl zum Ausbreitungsprozess der Ältesten Bandkeramik als auch zu deren Residenzform und zur Interaktion mit der mesolithischen Bevölkerung abgeleitet werden. Obwohl die Befunde teilweise spärlich sind, so sind sie doch kohärent und bestätigen sich gegenseitig: Eine Migration, verbunden mit kriegerischen Auseinandersetzungen und matrilokaler
Residenz ist nicht plausibel zu machen . Für die Älteste Bandkeramik ist daher von Patrilokalität auszugehen , wie sie auch die Verbreitung keramischer Stilmerkmale implizit andeutet. Kontakte zwischen den Bevölkerungen der beiden Wirtschaftsformen verliefen wahrscheinlich überwiegend friedlich und hatten eine schrittweise Akkulturation der mesolithischen Gruppen zur Folge.
description: The article focuses on an ethnological processual model developed by W.T. Divale, connecting the (1) migration of groups of little social complexity into an already inhabited area with (2) intercultural warfare and (3) emerging matrilocality. Using the model to explain the mesolithic/neolithic transition in Central Europe no archaeological evidence can be found to meet its fundamental requirements. However, the negative evidence is quite coherent and thus confirms interpretive models that reject massive migrations, intercultural
warfare and Early Bandceramic matrilocality. As the distribution of stylistic patterns in pottery implicitly suggests, Early Bandceramic settlers obviously lived in patrilocally structured groups. Non-violent contacts - like exchange and intermarriage - between bandceramic and mesolithic groups seem to have been the rule, leading to the step-wise acculturation of the mesolithic people.
First time-resolved measurement of infrared scintillation light in gaseous xenon
Creators: name: Piotter, Mona
name: Cichon, Dominick
name: Hammann, Robert
name: Jörg, Florian
name: Hötzsch, Luisa
name: Undagoitia, Teresa Marrodán
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Xenon is a widely used detector target material due to its excellent scintillation properties in the ultraviolet (UV) spectrum. The additional use of infrared (IR) scintillation light could improve future detectors. However, a comprehensive characterization of the IR component is necessary to explore its potential. We report on the first measurement of the time profile of the IR scintillation response of gaseous xenon. Our setup consists of a gaseous xenon target irradiated by an alpha particle source and is instrumented with one IR- and two UV-sensitive photomultiplier tubes. Thereby, it enables IR timing measurements with nanosecond resolution and simultaneous measurement of UV and IR signals. We find that the IR light yield is in the same order of magnitude as the UV yield. We observe that the IR pulses can be described by a fast and a slow component and demonstrate that the size of the slow component decreases with increasing levels of impurities in the gas. Moreover, we study the IR emission as a function of pressure. These findings confirm earlier observations and advance our understanding of the IR scintillation response of gaseous xenon, which could have implications for the development of novel xenon-based detectors.
description: 11 pages, 10 figures
Theory of nuclear motion in RABBITT spectra
Creators: name: Patchkovskii, Serguei
name: Benda, Jakub
name: Ertel, Dominik
name: Busto, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Reconstruction of attosecond beating by interference of two-photon transitions (RABBITT) is a powerful photoelectron spectroscopy, offering direct access to internal dynamics of the target. It is being increasingly applied to molecular systems, but a general, computationally tractable theory of RABBITT spectra in molecules has so far been lacking. We show that under quite general assumptions, RABBITT spectra in molecules can be expressed as a convolution of the vibronic cross-correlation functions and two-electron photoionization matrix elements. We specialize the general expressions to the commonly-encountered special cases. We expect our theory to enable accurate modeling and interpretation of molecular RABBITT spectra in most medium-sized molecules.
description: 11 pages, no figures