Halocryptovalsa Dayarathne & K. D. Hyde 2020, gen. nov.
Creators: name: Dayarathne, Monika C.
name: Wanasinghe, Dhanushka N.
name: Devadatha, B.
name: Abeywickrama, Pranami
name: G, E. B.
name: Jones, areth
name: Chomnunti, Putarak
name: Sarma, V. V.
name: Hyde, Kevin D.
name: Lumyong, Saisamorn
name: C., Eric H.
name: Mckenzie
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Fungi
Ascomycota
Sordariomycetes
Xylariales
Diatrypaceae
Halocryptovalsa

description: Halocryptovalsa Dayarathne & K.D.Hyde, gen. nov.   
MYCOBANK. — MB 824308.  
FACESOFFUNGI NUMBER. — FoF 04597.  
 ETYMOLOGY. — Referring to the morphological resemblance to the genus Cryptovalsa and the saline environment from which the taxon was collected.   
 TYPE SPECIES. — Halocryptovalsa avicenniae (Abdel-Wahab, Bahkali & E.B.G.Jones) Dayarathne & K.D.Hyde, comb. nov.   DESCRIPTION  
Saprobic on intertidal decayed wood of mangroves and decaying stems of salt marsh plants.   Sexual morph   
 Stromata. Poorly developed, flask-shaped, black, immersed in the surface layers of the host tissue, raising the surface of the substrate in little bumps, with protruding necks, substrate slightly modified between ascomata or more or less necrotic when they are close together.   
 Ascomata. Partially or deeply immersed in wide-spreading stroma, globose to subglobose, dark brown to black, single or aggregated and sometimes confluent, ostiolate, papillate.   
 Necks. 290-400 µm long, 270-290 µm wide, ostiolate, periphysate, with a small, globular-conical papilla immersed in a wide-spreading entostroma, which protrude above the substrate surface, lacking apical furrows.   
 Peridium. 11-52 µm wide, comprising an outer, brown, thick-walled layer of polygonal melanized cells, interspersed with cells of the substrate and inner, hyaline, thick-walled, several cell layers of textura angularis.   
 Hamathecium. Comprising aseptate, numerous paraphyses, narrowing and tapering towards the apex.   
 Asci. Multi-spored, unitunicate, with narrow, thin-walled pedicel, with cylindrical, thick-walled, swollen upper portion, apex flat, with J-, cylindrical, conspicuous apical or sub apical ring.   
 Ascospores. Hyaline or yellow-brown to brown, allantoid, straight or slightly curved, unicellular, thin-walled, with small, fat globules at the ends, smooth-walled.    Asexual morph   
 Pycnidia. Globose to subglobose, ostiolate, coriaceous, deeply immersed in a well-developed stroma with or without ascomata of the sexual stage.   
 Necks. Papillate, coriaceous.   
 Peridium. 12-22 µm thick around the pycnidial venter, onelayered, yellow-brown to brown, composed of polygonal cells with thick walls forming textura angularis.   
 Conidiophores. 0-2-septate, cylindrical, hyaline, simple or branched, with one or more conidiogenous cells.   
 Conidiogenous cells. Hyaline, unicellular, with wide base and tapering tip, producing one conidium, determinate. Conidiogenesis holoblastic.   
 Conidia. One-celled, filiform, straight, curved or hook-like, hyaline to yellowish and yellow/apricot in mass.   NOTES  
 Halocryptovalsa Dayarathne & K.D.Hyde, gen. nov., comprises cryptovalsa-like marine based diatrypaceous fungi with poorly developed stromata that lack horizontal or vertical furrows within the ascomatal necks. Halocryptovalsa Dayarathne & K.D.Hyde, gen. nov., can be clearly distinguish by having deeply immersed perithecia in the wood with relatively long, wide necks (290-430 µm long, 270-290 µm wide) while Cryptovalsa mostly comprises several ascomata arranged at different depth in the bark with relatively short necks (Mehrabi et al. 2015). Necks of each ascoma of Halocryptovalsa Dayarathne & K.D.Hyde, gen. nov., appear as a small papilla protruding above the substrate, whereas protruding ascomatal necks of Cryptovalsa form a cluster of little bumps (Mehrabi et al. 2015; Trouillas et al. 2015). Furthermore, the ascomatal outer surface of Cryptovalsa species is often with a white powdery entostroma (Trouillas et al. 2015), while Halocryptovalsa Dayarathne & K.D.Hyde, gen. nov., species do not have a white powdery entostroma. Halocryptovalsa Dayarathne & K.D.Hyde, gen. nov., includes only marine derived taxa while Cryptovalsa species are prevalent in terrestrial habitats. Cryptovalsa halosarceiicola morphologically resembles Halocryptovalsa Dayarathne & K.D.Hyde, gen. nov., species, however, there are no sequence data in GenBank for Cryptovalsa halosarceiicola to confirm its phylogenetic relationship to our new genus. In our combined analysis of ITS+Btub the new genus formed a separate lineage with low statistical support (Fig. 1). In ITS phylogeny Halocryptovalsa avicenniae, comb. nov., grouped in a clade with Diatrypasimilis australiensis (Fig. 2). However, 117 bp are different out 522 bp between Halodiatrype avicenniae and D. australiensis in ITS loci. Therefore, depending on the combined phylogenetic analyses data and considerable morphological differences of this taxon to all the other genera in Diatrypaceae, we introduce the genus Halocryptovalsa Dayarathne & K.D.Hyde, gen. nov., to accommodate Halocryptovalsa avicenniae, comb. nov., and Halocryptovalsa salicorniae Dayarathne & K.D.Hyde, sp. nov.
description: Published as part of Dayarathne, Monika C., Wanasinghe, Dhanushka N., Devadatha, B., Abeywickrama, Pranami, G, E. B., Jones, areth, Chomnunti, Putarak, Sarma, V. V., Hyde, Kevin D., Lumyong, Saisamorn, C., Eric H. & Mckenzie, 2020, Modern taxonomic approaches to identifying diatrypaceous fungi from marine habitats, with a novel genus Halocryptovalsa Dayarathne & K. D. Hyde, gen. nov., pp. 21-67 in Cryptogamie, Mycologie 20 (3) on pages 49-50, DOI: 10.5252/cryptogamie-mycologie2020v41a3, http://zenodo.org/record/7815042