cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Top quark effective couplings from top-pair tagged photoproduction in $pe^-$ collisions
Creators: name: Bouzas, Antonio O.
name: Larios, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a detailed study, at the fast detector simulation level, of top-pair photoproduction in semileptonic mode at the LHeC and FCC-he future colliders. We work in full tree-level QED, not relying on the equivalent-photon approximation, taking into account the complete photoproduction kinematics. This allows us to define three photoproduction regions based on the angular acceptance range of the electron tagger. Those regions provide different degrees of sensitivity to top-quark effective couplings. We focus on the $t\bar{t}γ$ dipole couplings and the left-handed vector $tbW$ coupling for which we determine limits at both energies and in different photoproduction regions. We find that the LHeC and FCC-he will yield tight direct bounds on top dipole moments, greatly improving on current direct limits from hadron colliders, and direct limits on the $tbW$ coupling as restrictive as those expected from the HL-LHC. We also consider indirect limits from $b\to s γ$ branching ratio and $CP$ asymmetry, that are well known to be very sensitive probes of top electromagnetic dipole moments.
description: 40 pages, some minor typos corrected
MS Gr. class. c. 3 554
Creators: name: Oxyrhynchus Papyri
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 470316
subject: Latin and classical Greek languages

description: P.Herc. 1012 col. 17 col. 18. Demetrius Laco
Drawing by Giuseppe (?) Casanova
Negative autocorrelations of disorder strongly suppress thermally activated particle motion in short-correlated quenched Gaussian disorder potentials
Creators: name: Meerson, Baruch
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We evaluate the mean escape time of overdamped particles over potential barriers in short-correlated quenched Gaussian disorder potentials in one dimension at low temperature. The thermally activated escape is very sensitive to the form of the \emph{tail} of the potential barrier probability distribution. We evaluate this tail by using the optimal fluctuation method. For monotone decreasing autocovariances we reproduce the tail obtained by Lopatin and Vinokur (2001). However, for nonmonotonic autocovariances of the disorder potential we show that the tail changes. It is much higher when the disorder potential exhibits negative autocorrelations, and it is much lower when the autocovariance is nonmonotonic but everywhere positive. This leads to an \emph{exponential} increase or decrease, respectively, of the mean escape time.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures
$\imath$quantum groups of split type via derived Hall algebras
Creators: name: Chen, Jiayi
name: Lu, Ming
name: Ruan, Shiquan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: A quantum symmetric pair consists of a quantum group $\mathbf U$ and its coideal subalgebra ${\mathbf U}^{\imath}_{\boldsymbolς}$ (called an $\imath$quantum group) with parameters ${\boldsymbolς}$. In this note, we use the derived Hall algebras of 1-periodic complexes to realize the $\imath$quantum groups ${\mathbf U}^{\imath}_{\boldsymbolς}$ of split type.
description: 14 pages, minor edits, accepted by Journal of Algebra. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2110.02575
Exponential decay of a finite volume scheme to the thermal equilibrium for drift--diffusion systems
Creators: name: Bessemoulin-Chatard, Marianne
name: Chainais-Hillairet, Claire
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper, we study the large--time behavior of a numerical scheme discretizing drift-- diffusion systems for semiconductors. The numerical method is finite volume in space, implicit in time, and the numerical fluxes are a generalization of the classical Scharfetter-- Gummel scheme which allows to consider both linear or nonlinear pressure laws. We study the convergence of approximate solutions towards an approximation of the thermal equilibrium state as time tends to infinity, and obtain a decay rate by controlling the discrete relative entropy with the entropy production. This result is proved under assumptions of existence and uniform-in-time $L $\infty$$ estimates for numerical solutions, which are then discussed. We conclude by presenting some numerical illustrations of the stated results.
The Future in Our Hands: How Citizenship Efficacy Ensures Commitment to the National Group Facing Institutional Inefficacy
Creators: name: Carvalho, Catarina
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: citizenship efficacy
subject: civic participation
subject: commitment
subject: ingroup
subject: social control

description: Registration of supplementary materials and data.
New type of hill-top inflation
Creators: name: Barvinsky, A. O.
name: Kamenshchik, A. Yu.
name: Nesterov, D. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We suggest a new type of hill-top inflation originating from the initial conditions in the form of the microcanonical density matrix for the cosmological model with a large number of quantum fields conformally coupled to gravity. Initial conditions for inflation are set up by cosmological instantons describing underbarrier oscillations in the vicinity of the inflaton potential maximum. These periodic oscillations of the inflaton field and cosmological scale factor are obtained within the approximation of two coupled oscillators subject to the slow roll regime in the Euclidean time. This regime is characterized by rapid oscillations of the scale factor on the background of a slowly varying inflaton, which guarantees smallness of slow roll parameters $ε$ and $η$ of the following inflation stage. A hill-like shape of the inflaton potential is shown to be generated by logarithmic loop corrections to the tree-level asymptotically shift-invariant potential in the non-minimal Higgs inflation model and $R^2$-gravity. The solution to the problem of hierarchy between the Planckian scale and the inflation scale is discussed within the concept of conformal higher spin fields, which also suggests the mechanism bringing the model below the gravitational cutoff and, thus, protecting it from large graviton loop corrections.
description: discussion of the gravitational cutoff is included, references added
Internationaler Forschungsstand zum Problem "Gewalt gegen alte Menschen" und Folgen von Opfererfahrung
Creators: name: Fattah, Ezzat Abdel
Publisher: name: Universität Tübingen
Year: 1993
Subjects: subject: Viktimisierung , Alter
subject: 360

description: Zweitveröffentlichung. Download von https://kfn.de/publikationen/kfn-forschungsberichte/
A Bayesian analysis of redshifted 21-cm HI signal and foregrounds: Simulations for LOFAR
Creators: name: Ghosh, Abhik
name: Koopmans, L. V. E.
name: Chapman, Emma
name: Jelic, Vibor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Observations of the EoR with the 21-cm hyperfine emission of neutral hydrogen (HI) promise to open an entirely new window onto the formation of the first stars, galaxies and accreting black holes. In order to characterize the weak 21-cm signal, we need to develop imaging techniques which can reconstruct the extended emission very precisely. Here, we present an inversion technique for LOFAR baselines at NCP, based on a Bayesian formalism with optimal spatial regularization, which is used to reconstruct the diffuse foreground map directly from the simulated visibility data. We notice the spatial regularization de-noises the images to a large extent, allowing one to recover the 21-cm power-spectrum over a considerable $k_{\perp}-k_{\para}$ space in the range of $0.03\,{\rm Mpc^{-1}}
description: 14 pages, 15 figures, 1 table, Accepted for publication in MNRAS
A Study of the Information and Service Needs of Adults with Intellectual Disabilities and How Public Libraries Meet These Needs
Creators: name: Chike, Diana M.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2006
Subjects: Libraries and people with mental disabilities
Libraries and people with disabilities
Survey--Information Needs
Public libraries--Services to adults
People with disabilities

description: The needs of people with intellectual disabilities have been largely neglected by public libraries due to various factors. The purpose of this study is to assess the extent to which public libraries in Orange, Durham and Wake counties meet the information and service needs of adults with intellectual disabilities and to determine what information, materials and programs are important to this user population. Along with a review of the findings in the literature, this study presents specific examples of information, materials and programs important to individuals within this user group as expressed by individuals with intellectual disabilities. The findings indicate that some libraries do provide effective service in particular areas of service and programming, but overall the public libraries surveyed could improve service to adults with intellectual disabilities predominantly in the areas of needs assessment, planning for services, outreach and adaptation of services.
Spin Currents injected electrically and thermally from highly spin polarized Co$_2$MnSi
Creators: name: Pfeiffer, Alexander
name: Hu, Shaojie
name: Reeve, Robert M.
name: Kronenberg, Alexander
name: Jourdan, Martin
name: Kimura, Takashi
name: Kläui, Mathias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate the injection and detection of electrically and thermally generated spin currents probed in Co$_2$MnSi/Cu lateral spin valves. Devices with different electrode separations are patterned to measure the non-local signal as a function of the electrode spacing and we determine a relatively high effective spin polarization $α$ of Co$_2$MnSi to be 0.63 and the spin diffusion length of Cu to be 500 nm at room temperature. The electrically generated non-local signal is measured as a function of temperature and a maximum signal is observed for a temperature of 80 K. The thermally generated non-local signal is measured as a function of current density and temperature in a second harmonic measurement detection scheme. We find different temperature dependences for the electrically and thermally generated non-local signals, which allows us to conclude that the temperature dependence of the signals is not just dominated by the transport in the Cu wire, but that there is a crucial contribution from the different generation mechanisms, which has been largely disregarded to date.
An Observational Perspective of the IMF: Progress and Challenges
Creators: name: Offner, S. S. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The stellar initial mass function (IMF) is a fundamental astrophysical quantity that impacts a wide range of astrophysical problems from heavy element distribution to galactic evolution to planetary system formation. However, the origin and universality of the IMF are hotly debated both observationally and theoretically. I review recent observations of the IMF across a variety of environments. These suggest the IMF is surprisingly invariant between star-forming regions, star clusters, and spiral galaxies but that it may also vary under extreme conditions, including within the Galactic center and early type galaxies.
description: 8 pages, 3 figures, invited talk at IAU Symposium 315 "From interstellar clouds to star-forming galaxies: universal processes?"
MS Gr. class. c. 3 555
Creators: name: Oxyrhynchus Papyri
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 470316
subject: Latin and classical Greek languages

description: P.Herc. 1012 col. 21 col. 22. Demetrius Laco
Drawing by Giuseppe (?) Casanova
The Effect of a Twitter Account on Student Perception of Instructor Credibility at an HBCU
Creators: name: Reis, Daniel D.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012
Subjects: Educational technology
Social networks
Computer-mediated communication

description: Social networking sites are increasingly popular with both students and instructors. Both groups often use the same tools, which makes it likely that their online paths will cross and they will see each other's posts. This research examines if the information an instructor posts to Twitter affects a student's perception of the instructor's credibility. For this study, three groups of students at a Historically Black College or University (HBCU) read Twitter posts of a hypothetical professor. One group read only posts with personal information, one group read only scholarly posts and one group read posts with a combination of both personal and scholarly information. Students then rated the instructor's credibility. Unlike previous research on this topic, this study found the content of an instructor's Twitter posts had little effect on the students' perception of his credibility. Rather, students' opinions as to the appropriateness of the instructor using Twitter had the strongest correlation to credibility scores.
Persönliches Sicherheitsgefühl, Angst vor Kriminalität und Gewalt, Opfererfahrung älterer Menschen: Deskriptive Analysen zum persönlichen Sicherheitsgefühl und zur Kriminalitätsfurcht KFN-Opferbefragung 1992
Creators: name: Bilsky, Wolfgang
name: Mecklenburg, Eberhard
name: Pfeiffer, Christian
name: Wetzels, Peter
Publisher: name: Universität Tübingen
Year: 1993
Subjects: subject: Viktimisierung , Alter , Kriminalitätsfurcht
subject: 360

description: Zweitveröffentlichung. Download von https://kfn.de/publikationen/kfn-forschungsberichte/
Narcissism, Machiavellianism, and Studying Economics
Creators: name: Grosz, Michael P.
name: Roberts, Brent
name: Göllner, Richard
name: Nagengast, Benjamin
name: Trautwein, Ulrich
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Machiavellianism
subject: narcissism

description: A Large-Scale Longitudinal Study (TOSCA-2006)
Nurse to educator? academic roles and the formation of personal academic identities
Creators: name: Duffy, Richelle
Publisher: name: University of Derby
Year: 2012
Subjects: Nurse
Educator
Academic
Identity

description: Recent research by Boyd et al (2009) and Murray (2007) designed to explore the experiences of new academics moving into higher education from vocational and professional backgrounds, indicates that the transition from clinical practice to academic roles can be challenging. Additional research by Hurst (2010) further demonstrates that despite having established successful clinical careers, clinicians often experience feelings of uncertainty and inadequacy following such a move, taking between 1.5 and 3 years to socialise into their new academic roles (Hurst, 2010). In addition, the transition of pre-registration nurse training into higher education is relatively recent, following its wholesale relocation from schools of nursing located in the National Health Service to higher education institutions in the early 1990s. This move was initiated in response to growing concerns that the traditional apprentice model of pre-registration training, with its focus on functional competency, failed to give nurses the freedom or status required for professional development (UKCC, 1986). Therefore, given the relative recency of the move and growing evidence of the difficulties experienced by health professionals, it is pertinent to examine how they have managed the transition. Therefore, the purpose of this constructivist study is to investigate the academic role of the nurse educator and its contribution to the formation of personal academic identity. Undertaken over a three year period, this study uses intensive interviews with 14 academics employed in pre-1992 and post-1992 universities. Data analysis using grounded theory techniques provides a rich and detailed picture of nurse educators' personal academic identities, juxtaposed by a number of institutional, social and professional drivers. The main findings also signify congruence with previous studies (Boyd et ai, 2009, Murray, 2007) and indicate academics experience multiple challenges when making the transition into higher education. Challenges inhibit their ability to assimilate into an academic identity and realise academic roles, a position leading respondents to express concern about the efficacy of the competency based curricula and their ability to meet the wider educational needs of pre-registration nursing. The reciprocal processes of data collection, analysis and theory generation leads to the production of a model of academic identity transformation and explicit recommendations that may be used to direct the ongoing development of nurse education.
Persönliches Sicherheitsgefühl, Angst vor Kriminalität und Gewalt, Opfererfahrung älterer Menschen: Deskriptive Analysen krimineller Opfererfahrungen: Prävalenz, Inzidenz und Anzeigeverhalten (Teil I: Screening) KFN-Opferbefragung 1992
Creators: name: Bilsky, Wolfgang
name: Mecklenburg, Eberhard
name: Pfeiffer, Christian
name: Wetzels, Peter
Publisher: name: Universität Tübingen
Year: 1993
Subjects: subject: Viktimisierung , Alter , Kriminalitätsfurcht
subject: 360

description: Zweitveröffentlichung. Download von https://kfn.de/publikationen/kfn-forschungsberichte/
Topological self-dual configurations in a Lorentz-violating gauged O(3) sigma model
Creators: name: Casana, R.
name: Farias, C. F.
name: Ferreira, M. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have studied the existence of topological Bogomol'nyi-Prasad-Sommerfield or self-dual configurations in a Lorentz-violating gauged $O(3)$ nonlinear sigma model, where $CPT$-even Lorentz-violating (LV) terms were introduced in both the gauge and $σ$% -field sectors. As happens in the usual gauged $σ$ model, purely magnetic self-dual configurations are allowed, maintaining some qualitative features of the standard ones. In a more involved configuration, Lorentz violation provides new self-dual magnetic solutions carrying an electric field but a null total electric charge. In both cases, the total energy of the self-dual configurations turns out to be proportional to the topological charge of the model and to the LV parameters introduced in the $% σ$ sector. It is shown that the LV terms yield magnetic flux reversion as well.
description: revtex style, two columns, 14 pages, final and revised version published in Physical Review D
Persönliches Sicherheitsgefühl, Angst vor Kriminalität und Gewalt, Opfererfahrung älterer Menschen: Skalenanalyse und Skalenkonstruktion zur KFN-Opferbefragung 1992
Creators: name: Bilsky, Wolfgang
name: Mecklenburg, Eberhard
name: Wetzels, Peter
Publisher: name: Universität Tübingen
Year: 1993
Subjects: subject: Viktimisierung , Alter , Kriminalitätsfurcht
subject: 360

description: Zweitveröffentlichung. Download von https://kfn.de/publikationen/kfn-forschungsberichte/
An assessment of the effectiveness of Metadata as a tool for electronic resource discovery
Creators: name: Stephenson, Shauna
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1999
Subjects: World Wide Web
Metadata
Information retrieval--Evaluation
Online searching
Information systems--Evaluation
Information systems--Cataloging

description: This study assesses the effectiveness of the United States Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA) metadata system. Since information seeking over the Internet has become a complex and sometimes arduous task, many organizations are looking toward the use of metadata to enhance the discovery of electronic resources. Metadata are data elements, which are used to describe electronic resources to facilitate their later discovery over the Internet. Although there has been great interest among information professionals and academics about metadata, limited focus has been placed on its actual effectiveness. Twenty-four real reference questions for known items were reformulated into search queries which were run in the EPA's Public Access Website and Web Inventory (metadata) databases. Eight out of the 24 queries retrieved responsive metadata records. The results indicate the need for certain improvements to the system, including specificity in keyword assignment and more consistent generation of metadata by data owners.
Persönliches Sicherheitsgefühl, Angst vor Kriminalität und Gewalt, Opfererfahrung älterer Menschen: Deskriptive Analysen von Einstellungen und Meinungen zur Kriminalitätskontrolle KFN-Opferbefragung 1992
Creators: name: Bilsky, Wolfgang
name: Mecklenburg, Eberhard
name: Pfeiffer, Christian
name: Wetzels, Peter
Publisher: name: Universität Tübingen
Year: 1993
Subjects: subject: Viktimisierung , Alter , Kriminalitätsfurcht
subject: 360

description: Zweitveröffentlichung. Download von https://kfn.de/publikationen/kfn-forschungsberichte/
Des sey ein alt werck
Creators: name: Zeiler, Manuel
name: Garner, Jennifer
name: Golze, Rolf
Publisher: name: Ausgrabungen und Funde in Westfalen-Lippe
Year: 2023

description: -
description: Ausgrabungen und Funde in Westfalen-Lippe, Ausgrabungen und Funde in Westfalen-Lippe 16 (2022/2023)
title: Effect of maternal exposure to polystyrene micro- and nanoplastics on placental and fetal development in a mouse model of pregnancy
Creators: name: Aghael, Zahra Aghaei
Publisher: name: Memorial University of Newfoundland
Year: 2022

description: Plastics are ubiquitous and when released into the environment, they break down into smaller particles termed microplastics (MPs). These microparticles can be ingested by organisms and potentially accumulate in tissues and organs. Recently, MPs were found in the placentas of healthy women, raising the concern that plastic exposure may have an impact on pregnancy and fetal development. In this project, we studied the effect of maternal exposure to micro- and nanoplastics on placental and fetal growth and on placental metabolism using experimental mice. CD-1 pregnant mice were exposed to 5 μm polystyrene microplastics (PS-MPs) and, 50 nm polystyrene nanoplastics (PS-NPs) in filtered drinking water at one of four environmentally-relevant concentrations (0 ng/L (controls), 10² ng/L, 10⁴ ng/L, 10⁶ ng/L) from embryonic day 0.5 to embryonic day 17.5 (full term is 18.5 days). While the placental weights were constant in all groups at embryonic day 17.5, there was a significant effect on fetal weights, with a dose-dependent decrease in weight in the MP- and NP-exposed fetuses (p<0.0001). Maternal exposure to PS-MPs and PS-NPs also impacted the structure of the placenta and resulted in shorter umbilical cord lengths in all MP- and NP-exposed groups. Placental metabolite profiles were determined using ¹H high-resolution magic angle spinning magnetic resonance spectroscopy. The relative concentration of lysine (p=0.003) and glucose (p<0.0001) in the placenta were found to decrease with increasing MP concentration. This study highlights the impact of MP and NP exposure on pregnancy outcomes and that efforts should be made to minimize exposure to plastics, particularly during pregnancy.
MS Gr. class. c. 3 556
Creators: name: Oxyrhynchus Papyri
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 470316
subject: Latin and classical Greek languages

description: P.Herc. 1012 col. 30 col. 31. Demetrius Laco
Drawing by Giuseppe (?) Casanova
Additional file 3 of Developing a systems-focused tool for modeling lung cancer screening resource needs
Creators: name: Reddy, Aparna
name: Abe-Nornes, Fumiya
name: Haskell, Alison
name: Saito, Momoka
name: Schumacher, Matthew
name: Venkat, Advaidh
name: Venkatasubramanian, Krithika
name: Woodhouse, Kira
name: Zhang, Yiran
name: Niktafar, Hooman
name: Leveque, Anthony
name: Kedroske, Beth
name: Ramnath, Nithya
name: Cohn, Amy
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Supplementary Material 3: Supplemental Fig. 3 | LungRADs Score Descriptions: This file describes each LungRADs score (0, 1, 2, 3, 4a, 4b, 4x, Su and S) with corresponding clinical findings and case management.
Bootstrapping correlation functions in N=4 SYM
Creators: name: Chicherin, Dmitry
name: Doobary, Reza
name: Eden, Burkhard
name: Heslop, Paul
name: Korchemsky, Gregory P.
name: Sokatchev, Emery
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe a new approach to computing the chiral part of correlation functions of stress-tensor supermultiplets in N=4 SYM that relies on symmetries, analytic properties and the structure of the OPE only. We demonstrate that the correlation functions are given by a linear combination of chiral N=4 superconformal invariants accompanied by coefficient functions depending on the space-time coordinates only. We present the explicit construction of these invariants and show that the six-point correlation function is fixed in the Born approximation up to four constant coefficients by its symmetries. In addition, the known asymptotic structure of the correlation function in the light-like limit fixes unambiguously these coefficients up to an overall normalization. We demonstrate that the same approach can be applied to obtain a representation for the six-point NMHV amplitude that is free from any auxiliary gauge fixing parameters, does not involve spurious poles and manifests half of the dual superconformal symmetry.
description: LaTeX, 22 pages
Assessing credibility in online abortion information
Creators: name: Shanley, Caitlin M.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009
Subjects: Abortion--Internet resources
Web sites--Evaluation
Use studies--Internet

description: Previous literature on Web credibility has shied away from controversial topics because  of the unique challenges they present. This paper seeks to examine how students evaluate  online sources about abortion, and how they categorize those sources as pro-choice, prolife,  or neutral. By asking students to evaluate the bias of sources, this study identifies  some of the characteristics by which students judge partiality in online information, and  what role their own biases play in that assessment. In this study, participants identified  expertise and association with an organization to be important criteria for assessing  credibility. They found neutral Web pages to be most credible overall, while pro-life  pages were least credible. These results are complicated by the fact that participants  considered their personal opinions to play a role in evaluation, and because of the small  sample size of pages and participants.
Der Lauschangriff in den USA und Deutschland: Empirische Befunde und kriminalpolitische Folgerungen zu Überwachungsmaßnahmen der Strafjustiz
Creators: name: Böttger, Andreas
name: Pfeiffer, Christian
Publisher: name: Universität Tübingen
Year: 1993
Subjects: subject: Deutschland , USA , Organisiertes Verbrechen , Strafverfolgung , Lauschangriff
subject: 360

description: Zweitveröffentlichung. Download von https://kfn.de/publikationen/kfn-forschungsberichte/
Tidal capture formation of Low Mass X-Ray Binaries from wide binaries in the field
Creators: name: Michaely, Erez
name: Perets, Hagai B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a potentially efficient dynamical formation scenario for Low Mass X-ray Binaries (LMXBs) in the field, focusing on black-hole (BH) LMXBs. In this formation channel LMXBs are formed from wide binaries $(>1000$ AU) with a BH component and a stellar companion. The wide binary is perturbed by fly-by's of field stars and its orbit random-walks and changes over time. This diffusion process can drive the binary into a sufficiently eccentric orbit such that the binary components tidally interact at peri-center and the binary evolves to become a short period binary, which eventually evolves into an LMXB. The formation rate of LMXBs through this channel mostly depends on the number of such BH wide binaries progenitors, which in turn depends on the velocity kicks imparted to BHs (or NSs) at birth. We consider several models for the formation and survival of such wide binaries, and calculate the LMXB formation rates for each model. We find that models where BHs form through direct collapse with no/little natal kicks can give rise to high formation rates comparable with those inferred from observations. This formation scenario had several observational signatures: (1) the number density of LMXBs generally follows the background stellar density and (2) the mass function of the BH stellar companion should be comparable to the mass function of the background stellar population, likely peaking at $0.4-0.6$ M$_{\odot}$. The latter aspect, in particular, is unique to this model compared with previously suggested LMXB formation models following common envelope binary stellar evolution. We note that NS LMXBs can similarly form from wide binaries, but their formation rate through this channel is likely significantly smaller due to their much higher natal kicks.
Coherent spin-valley oscillations in silicon
Creators: name: Cai, Xinxin
name: Connors, Elliot J.
name: Nichol, John M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Electron spins in silicon quantum dots are excellent qubits because they have long coherence times, high gate fidelities, and are compatible with advanced semiconductor manufacturing techniques. The valley degree of freedom, which results from the specific character of the Si band structure, is a unique feature of electrons in Si spin qubits. However, the small difference in energy between different valley levels often poses a challenge for quantum computing in Si. Here, we show that the spin-valley coupling in Si, which enables transitions between states with different spin and valley quantum numbers, enables coherent control of electron spins in Si. We demonstrate coherent manipulation of effective single- and two-electron spin states in a Si/SiGe double quantum dot without ac magnetic or electric fields. Our results illustrate that the valley degree of freedom, which is often regarded as an inconvenience, can itself enable quantum manipulation of electron spin states.
"A Lifetime of Enjoyment": User Knowledge of Best Practices for Handling and Storage of Optical Digital Media
Creators: name: Koster, Dan
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009
Subjects: Optical disks--Conservation and restoration
University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
Use studies--Optical disks
Surveys--Optical disks

description: This study describes a survey of members of the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill community. Participation was solicited via the UNC-CH Mass Email System. Subjects included students at all levels from undergraduate to postdoctoral, faculty, staff, alumni, and persons with other academic affiliations.  The survey was conducted to establish baseline data describing what people know about handling and storage of optical digital media (CDs and DVDs). The survey also sought to describe the vectors by which participants gained their knowledge of the topic, and to determine the extent to which libraries have played a role in user education.  The data suggest that survey participants' knowledge about the topic varies widely, with answers to questions ranging from near-unanimously correct to near-unanimously incorrect. Furthermore the data suggest that libraries have played a small role in user education compared to other influences. Benefits of increased library outreach to users are implied.
MS Gr. class. c. 3 557
Creators: name: Oxyrhynchus Papyri
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 470316
subject: Latin and classical Greek languages

description: P.Herc. 1012 col. 25 col. 26. Demetrius Laco
Drawing by Giuseppe (?) Casanova
RamBoAttack: A Robust Query Efficient Deep Neural Network Decision Exploit
Creators: name: Vo, Viet Quoc
name: Abbasnejad, Ehsan
name: Ranasinghe, Damith C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Machine learning models are critically susceptible to evasion attacks from adversarial examples. Generally, adversarial examples, modified inputs deceptively similar to the original input, are constructed under whitebox settings by adversaries with full access to the model. However, recent attacks have shown a remarkable reduction in query numbers to craft adversarial examples using blackbox attacks. Particularly, alarming is the ability to exploit the classification decision from the access interface of a trained model provided by a growing number of Machine Learning as a Service providers including Google, Microsoft, IBM and used by a plethora of applications incorporating these models. The ability of an adversary to exploit only the predicted label from a model to craft adversarial examples is distinguished as a decision-based attack. In our study, we first deep dive into recent state-of-the-art decision-based attacks in ICLR and SP to highlight the costly nature of discovering low distortion adversarial employing gradient estimation methods. We develop a robust query efficient attack capable of avoiding entrapment in a local minimum and misdirection from noisy gradients seen in gradient estimation methods. The attack method we propose, RamBoAttack, exploits the notion of Randomized Block Coordinate Descent to explore the hidden classifier manifold, targeting perturbations to manipulate only localized input features to address the issues of gradient estimation methods. Importantly, the RamBoAttack is more robust to the different sample inputs available to an adversary and the targeted class. Overall, for a given target class, RamBoAttack is demonstrated to be more robust at achieving a lower distortion within a given query budget. We curate our extensive results using the large-scale high-resolution ImageNet dataset and open-source our attack, test samples and artifacts on GitHub.
description: Published in Network and Distributed System Security (NDSS) Symposium 2022. Code is available at https://ramboattack.github.io/
Measurement of time resolution of the Mu2e LYSO calorimeter prototype
Creators: name: Atanov, N.
name: Baranov, V.
name: Colao, F.
name: Cordelli, M.
name: Corradi, G.
name: Dané, E.
name: Davydov, Yu. I.
name: Flood, K.
name: Giovannella, S.
name: Glagolev, V.
name: Happacher, F.
name: Hitlin, D. G.
name: Martini, M.
name: Miscetti, S.
name: Miyashita, T.
name: Morescalchi, L.
name: Pezzullo, G.
name: Saputi, A.
name: Sarra, I.
name: Soleti, S. R.
name: Tassielli, G.
name: Tereshchenko, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we present the time resolution measurements of the Lutetium-Yttrium Oxyorthosilicate (LYSO) calorimeter prototype for the Mu2e experiment. The measurements have been performed using the $e^-$ beam of the Beam Test Facility (BTF) in Frascati, Italy in the energy range from 100 to 400 MeV. The calorimeter prototype consisted of twenty five 30x30x130 mm$^3$, LYSO crystals read out by 10x10 mm$^2$ Hamamatsu Avalanche Photodiodes (APDs). The energy dependence of the measured time resolution can be parametrized as $σ_{t}(E)=a/\sqrt{E/\mathrm{GeV}} \oplus b$, with the stochastic and constant terms $a=(51\pm1)$ ps and $b=(10\pm4)$ ps, respectively. This corresponds to the time resolution of ($162\pm4$) ps at 100 MeV.
description: 18 pages, 14 figures, accepted for the journal Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment
Usability Studies of Online Finding Aids: A Content Analysis of the Literature, 1998-2008
Creators: name: Walters, Emily L.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010
Subjects: Finding aids
Usability Studies
Archival description

description: This study examines articles published between 1998 and 2008 that report on the usability of online finding aids.  In an attempt to better understand the body of literature that exists on the usability of online finding aids, information about the publication, contributors, and study methods were coded and analyzed.  Results showed that professors, practitioners, and students are publishing these studies about equally in the following sources: American Archivist, Archivaria, Journal of Archival Organization, and as Master's Papers at the School of Information and Library Science at the University of Chapel Hill.  All but two studies were published in 2004 or later; one third of the total studies were published in 2008 alone.  Onsite usability testing is the most frequently employed data collection technique.  Studies overwhelmingly engaged subjects in retrieval tasks during the study. Display issues were most troublesome for subjects.  Additionally, a variety of reporting practices were observed which made conducting the analysis that much more difficult because it was often difficult to determine what was actually done in the studies.  Therefore, recommendations have been made for reporting on empirical studies that employ human subjects.
Checking Potassium origin of new emission line at 3.5 keV with K XIX line complex at 3.7 keV
Creators: name: Iakubovskyi, Dmytro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Whether the new line at ~3.5 keV, recently detected in different samples of galaxy clusters, Andromeda galaxy and central part of our Galaxy, is due to Potassium emission lines, is now unclear. By using the latest astrophysical atomic emission line database AtomDB v. 3.0.2, we show that the most prospective method to directly check its Potassium origin will be the study of K XIX emission line complex at ~3.7 keV with future X-ray imaging spectrometers such as Soft X-ray spectometer on-board Astro-H mission or microcalorimeter on-board Micro-X sounding rocket experiment. To further reduce the remaining (factor ~3-5) uncertainty of the 3.7/3.5 keV ratio one should perform more precise modeling including removal of significant spatial inhomogeneities, detailed treatment of background components, and further extension of the modeled energy range.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures. Comments are welcome
Creation of an inflationary universe out of a black hole
Creators: name: Oshita, Naritaka
name: Yokoyama, Jun'ichi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss a two-step mechanism to create a new inflationary domain beyond a wormhole throat which is created by a phase transition around an evaporating black hole. The first step is creation of a false vacuum bubble with a thin-wall boundary by the thermal effects of Hawking radiation. Then this wall induces a quantum tunneling to create a wormhole-like configuration. As the space beyond the wormhole throat can expand exponentially, being filled with false vacuum energy, this may be interpreted as creation of another inflationary universe in the final stage of the black hole evaporation.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures, published version
Opfererfahrungen von Ausländern und ethnische Differenzierung moderner Gesellschaften: Antrag auf Sachbeihilfe bei der Volkswagenstiftung im Schwerpunkt "Recht und Verhalten". Neuantrag
Creators: name: Pfeiffer, Christian
name: Strobl, Rainer
Publisher: name: Universität Tübingen
Year: 1993
Subjects: subject: Viktimisierung , Ausländer
subject: 360

description: Zweitveröffentlichung. Download von https://kfn.de/publikationen/kfn-forschungsberichte/
Universal relations for rapidly rotating cold and hot hybrid star
Creators: name: Largani, Noshad Khosravi
name: Fischer, Tobias
name: Sedrakian, Armen
name: Cierniak, Mateusz
name: Alvarez-Castillo, David E.
name: Blaschke, David B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Several global parameters of compact stars are related via empirical relations, which are (nearly) independent of the underlying equation of state (EoS) of dense matter and, therefore, are said to be universal. We investigate the universality of relations that express the maximum mass and the radius of non-rotating and maximally rapidly rotating configurations, as well as their moment of inertia, in terms of the compactness of the star. For this, we first utilize a collection of cold (zero-temperature) and hot (isentropic) nucleonic EoS and confirm that the universal relations are holding for our collection of EoS. We then go on, to add to our collection and test for the same universality models of EoS that admit a strong first-order phase transition from nucleonic to deconfined quark matter. Also in this case we find that the universal relations hold, in particular for hot, isentropic hybrid stars. By fitting the universal relations to our computed data, we determine the coefficients entering these relations and the accuracy to which they hold.
description: 16 pages, 8 figures, published in MNRAS, Vol. 515, p. 3539 (2022)
Effects of the Generalized Uncertainty Principle on Quantum Tunneling
Creators: name: Blado, Gardo
name: Prescott, Trevor
name: Jennings, James
name: Ceyanes, Joshuah
name: Sepulveda, Rafael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In a previous paper [Blado G, Owens C, and Meyers V 2014 Quantum Wells and the Generalized Uncertainty Principle Eur. J. Phys. 35 065011], we showed that quantum gravity effects can be discussed with only a background in non-relativistic quantum mechanics at the undergraduate level by looking at the effect of the generalized uncertainty principle (GUP) on the finite and infinite square wells. In this paper, we derive the GUP corrections to the tunneling probability of simple quantum mechanical systems which are accessible to undergraduates (alpha decay, simple models of quantum cosmogenesis and gravitational tunneling radiation) and which employ the WKB approximation, a topic discussed in undergraduate quantum mechanics classes. It is shown that the GUP correction increases the tunneling probability in each of the examples discussed.
description: An edited version with major revisions is published in Eur. J. Phys. 37 (2016) 025401
Multiphoton non-local quantum interference controlled by an undetected photon
Creators: name: Qian, Kaiyi
name: Wang, Kai
name: Chen, Leizhen
name: Hou, Zhaohua
name: Krenn, Mario
name: Zhu, Shining
name: Ma, Xiao-Song
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The interference of quanta lies at the heart of quantum physics. The multipartite generalization of single-quanta interference creates entanglement, the coherent superposition of states shared by several quanta. Entanglement allows non-local correlations between many quanta and hence is a key resource for quantum information technology. Entanglement is typically considered to be essential for creating non-local correlations, manifested by multipartite interference. Here, we show that this is not the case and demonstrate multiphoton non-local quantum interference without entanglement of any intrinsic properties of the photons. We harness the superposition of the physical origin of a four-photon product state, which leads to constructive and destructive interference of the photons' mere existence. With the intrinsic indistinguishability in the generation process of photons, we realize four-photon frustrated quantum interference. We furthermore establish non-local control of multipartite quantum interference, in which we tune the phase of one undetected photon and observe the interference of the other three photons. Our work paves the way for fundamental studies of non-locality and potential applications in quantum technologies.
Controlling wave-particle duality with quantum entanglement
Creators: name: Wang, Kai
name: Terno, Daniel R.
name: Brukner, Caslav
name: Zhu, Shining
name: Ma, Xiao-Song
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Wave-particle duality and entanglement are two fundamental characteristics of quantum mechanics. All previous works on experimental investigations in wave{particle properties of single photons (or single particles in general) show that a well-defined interferometer setting determines a well-defined property of single photons. Here we take a conceptual step forward and control the wave-particle property of single photons with quantum entanglement. By doing so, we experimentally test the complementarity principle in a scenario, in which the setting of the interferometer is not defined at any instance of the experiment, not even in principle. To achieve this goal, we send the photon of interest (S) into a quantum Mach-Zehnder interferometer (MZI), in which the output beam splitter of the MZI is controlled by the quantum state of the second photon (C), who is entangled with a third photon (A). Therefore, the individual quantum state of photon C is undefined, which implements the undefined settings of the MZI for photon S. This is realized by using three cascaded phase-stable interferometers for three photons. There is typically no well-defined setting of the MZI, and thus the very formulation of the wave-particle properties becomes internally inconsistent.