cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Chiral Symmetry Breaking by a Magnetic Field in Weak-coupling QED
Creators: name: Leung, C. N.
name: Ng, Y. J.
name: Ackley, A. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using the nonperturbative Schwinger-Dyson equation, we show that chiral symmetry in weak-coupling massless QED is dynamically broken by a constant but arbitrarily strong external magnetic field.
description: Latex; 11 pages
The Types, Roles, and Practices of Documentation in Data Analytics Open Source Software Libraries: A Collaborative Ethnography of Documentation Work
Creators: name: Geiger, R. Stuart
name: Varoquaux, Nelle
name: Mazel-Cabasse, Charlotte
name: Holdgraf, Chris
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Computational research and data analytics increasingly relies on complex ecosystems of open source software (OSS) "libraries" -- curated collections of reusable code that programmers import to perform a specific task. Software documentation for these libraries is crucial in helping programmers/analysts know what libraries are available and how to use them. Yet documentation for open source software libraries is widely considered low-quality. This article is a collaboration between CSCW researchers and contributors to data analytics OSS libraries, based on ethnographic fieldwork and qualitative interviews. We examine several issues around the formats, practices, and challenges around documentation in these largely volunteer-based projects. There are many different kinds and formats of documentation that exist around such libraries, which play a variety of educational, promotional, and organizational roles. The work behind documentation is similarly multifaceted, including writing, reviewing, maintaining, and organizing documentation. Different aspects of documentation work require contributors to have different sets of skills and overcome various social and technical barriers. Finally, most of our interviewees do not report high levels of intrinsic enjoyment for doing documentation work (compared to writing code). Their motivation is affected by personal and project-specific factors, such as the perceived level of credit for doing documentation work versus more "technical" tasks like adding new features or fixing bugs. In studying documentation work for data analytics OSS libraries, we gain a new window into the changing practices of data-intensive research, as well as help practitioners better understand how to support this often invisible and infrastructural work in their projects.
title: Known unknowns - structural uncertainty in fishery stock assessment and management strategy evaluation
Creators: name: ICES
Publisher: name: ASC 2021 - Theme session M
Year: 2024
Subjects: Fisheries and aquaculture
Technologies and data

description: No abstracts are to be cited without prior reference to the author.Conveners: Erik Olsen (Norway), Patrick Lynch (USA), Alexander Kempf (Germany)

Due to the cancellation of ICES ASC 2020, some contributions submitted that year were also included in ASC 2021.
Loop quantum cosmology: relation between theory and observations
Creators: name: Agullo, Ivan
name: Wang, Anzhong
name: Wilson-Ewing, Edward
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This chapter provides a review of the frameworks developed for cosmological perturbation theory in loop quantum cosmology, and applications to various models of the early universe including inflation, ekpyrosis and the matter bounce, with an emphasis on potential observational consequences. It also includes a discussion on extensions to include non-Gaussianities and background anisotropies, as well as on its limitations concerning trans-Planckian perturbations and quantization ambiguities. It concludes with a summary of recent work studying the relation between loop quantum cosmology and full loop quantum gravity.
description: 47 pages, 2 figures, to be published in Handbook of Quantum Gravity (Eds. C. Bambi, L. Modesto and I.L. Shapiro, Springer, expected 2023)
The Spectrum of the Brown Dwarf Gliese 229B
Creators: name: Oppenheimer, B. R.
name: Kulkarni, S. R.
name: Matthews, K.
name: van Kerkwijk, M. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a spectrum of the cool (T_eff = 900 K) brown dwarf Gliese 229B. This spectrum, with a relatively high signal-to-noise ratio per spectral resolution element (> 30), spans the wavelength range from 0.837 microns to 5.0 microns. We identify a total of four different major methane absorption features, including the fundamental band at 3.3 microns, at least four steam bands, and two neutral cesium features. We confirm the recent detection of carbon monoxide (CO) in excess of what is predicted by thermochemical equilibrium calculations. Carbon is primarily involved in a chemical balance between methane and CO at the temperatures and pressures present in the outer parts of a brown dwarf. At lower temperatures, the balance favors methane, while in the deeper, hotter regions, the reaction reverses to convert methane into CO. The presence of CO in the observable part of the atmosphere is therefore a sensitive indicator of vertical flows. The high signal-to-noise ratio in the 1 to 2.5 microns region permits us to place constraints on the quantity of dust in the atmosphere of the brown dwarf. We are unable to reconcile the observed spectrum with synthetic spectra that include the presences of dust. The presence of CO but lack of dust may be a clue to the location of the boundaries of the outer convective region of the atmosphere: The lack of dust may mean that it is not being conveyed into the photosphere by convection, or that it exists in patchy clouds. If the dust is not in clouds, but rather sits below the outer convective region, we estimate that the boundary between outer convective and inner radiative layers is between 1250 K and 1600 K, in agreement with recent models.
description: 15 pages, 8 figures
Incompressible polar active fluids in the moving phase
Creators: name: Chen, Leiming
name: Lee, Chiu Fan
name: Toner, John
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study universal behavior in the moving phase of a generic system of motile particles with alignment interactions in the incompressible limit for spatial dimensions $d>2$. Using a dynamical renormalization group analysis, we obtain the exact dynamic, roughness, and anisotropy exponents that describe the scaling behavior of such incompressible systems. This is the first time a compelling argument has been given for the exact values of the anomalous scaling exponents of a flock moving through an isotropic medium in $d>2$.
Conformal Invariance, N-extended Supersymmetry and Massless Spinning Particles in Anti-de Sitter Space
Creators: name: Kuzenko, S. M.
name: Yarevskaya, J. V
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Starting with a manifestly conformal ($O(d,2)$ invariant) mechanics model in $d$ space and 2 time dimensions, we derive the action for a massless spinning particle in $d$-dimensional anti-de Sitter space. The action obtained possesses both gauge $N$-extended worldline supersymmetry and local $O(N)$ invarince. Thus we improve the old statement by Howe et al. that the spinning particle model with extended worldline supersymmetry admits only flat space-time background for $N > 2$ (spin greater one). The original $(d+2)$-dimensional model is characterized by rather unusual property that the corresponding supersymmetry transformations do not commute with the conformal ones, in spite of the explicit $O(d,2)$ invariance of the action.
description: 13 pages, LaTeX
title: Déclaration de forfaiture rendue par les barons français contre le Comte de Bretagne Pierre Mauclerc.
Creators: name: Nationales, Archives
name: Archives Nationales
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris
subject: Fondation Wikimedia
subject: LaMOP
subject: Archives nationales

description: Déclaration de forfaiture rendue par les barons français, en présence du roi de France Louis IX, contre le comte de Bretagne Pierre Mauclerc.
description: Source: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:D%C3%A9claration_de_forfaiture_rendue_par_les_barons_fran%C3%A7ais_contre_le_Comte_de_Bretagne_Pierre_Mauclerc._-_Archives_Nationales_-_AE-II-231.jpg
description: Source: http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q65991004
description: Source: https://www.nakala.fr/10.34847/nkl.deb3oc3d
description: Source: Archives Nationales : AE/II/231
description: Relation: https://lamop.hypotheses.org/
description: Déclaration de forfaiture rendue par les barons français, en présence du roi de France Louis IX, contre le comte de Bretagne Pierre Mauclerc.
description: date: 1230-06-00
Never Skip Leg Day Again: Training the Lower Body with Vertical Jumps in a Virtual Reality Exergame
Creators: name: Cmentowski, Sebastian
name: Karaosmanoglu, Sukran
name: Nacke, Lennart
name: Steinicke, Frank
name: Krüger, Jens
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Virtual Reality (VR) exergames can increase engagement in and motivation for physical activities. Most VR exergames focus on the upper body because many VR setups only track the users' heads and hands. To become a serious alternative to existing exercise programs, VR exergames must provide a balanced workout and train the lower limbs, too. To address this issue, we built a VR exergame focused on vertical jump training to explore full-body exercise applications. To create a safe and effective training, nine domain experts participated in our prototype design. Our mixed-methods study confirms that the jump-centered exercises provided a worthy challenge and positive player experience, indicating long-term retention. Based on our findings, we present five design implications to guide future work: avoid an unintended forward drift, consider technical constraints, address safety concerns in full-body VR exergames, incorporate rhythmic elements with fluent movement patterns, adapt difficulty to players' fitness progression status.
Apis rufa Linnaeus, 1758, spec. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1758
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Apidae
Apis
Apis rufa

description: Apis rufa [spec. nov.]
A. fusca, abdomine rufescente, fronte alba.
Raj. ins. 242. Apis sylvestris parva, abdomine breviore.
Fn. svec. 1009. Apis hirsuta, capite nigro, abdomine rufo, fronte alba.
Habitat in Europa.
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1758, Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on page 575, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.542, http://zenodo.org/record/3922206
Surat Pernyataan Keaslian Naskah
Creators: name: Aribowo, Eric Kunto
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 160511 Research, Science and Technology Policy
subject: FOS: Political science
subject: 220107 Professional Ethics (incl. police and research ethics)
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion

description: Surat Pernyataan berikut ini dapat dilampirkan saat penulis akan melakukan pengiriman artikel maupun makalah ke pengelola konferensi/jurnal.
Selain itu, penulis juga disarankan melampirkan dokumen hasil pengecekan similarity pada saat submit artikel.
Bogomol'nyi Bounds and Killing Spinors in d=3 Supergravity
Creators: name: Edelstein, José D.
name: Núñez, Carlos
name: Schaposnik, Fidel A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the connection between the construction of Bogomol'nyi bounds and equations in three dimensional gravitational theories and the existence of an underlying $N=2$ local supersymmetric structure. We show that, appart from matter self duality equations, a first order equation for the gravitational field (whose consistency condition gives the Einstein equation) can be written as a consequence of the local supersymmetry. Its solvability makes possible the evasion of the no-go scenario for the construction of Killing spinors in asymptotically conical spacetimes. In particular we show that the existence of non-trivial supercovariantly constant spinors is guaranteed whenever field configurations saturate the topological bound.
description: 14 pages, latex, no figures
Dynamics of Strings in Noncommutative Gauge Theory
Creators: name: Gross, David J.
name: Nekrasov, Nikita A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We continue our study of solitons in noncommutative gauge theories and present an extremely simple BPS solution of N=4 U(1) noncommutative gauge theory in 4 dimensions, which describes N infinite D1 strings that pierce a D3 brane at various points, in the presence of a background B-field in the Seiberg-Witten limit. We call this solution the N-fluxon. For N=1 we calculate the complete spectrum of small fluctuations about the fluxon and find three kinds of modes: the fluctuations of the superstring in 10 dimensions arising from fundamental strings attached to the D1strings, the ordinary particles of the gauge theory in 4 dimensions and a set of states with discrete spectrum, localized at the intersection point--- corresponding to fundamental strings stretched between the D1string and the D3 brane. We discuss the fluctuations about theN-fluxon as well and derive explicit expressions for the amplitudes of interactions between these various modes. We show that translations in noncommutative gauge theories are equivalent to gauge transformations (plus a constant shift of the gauge field) and discuss the implications for the translational zeromodes of our solitons. We also find the dyonic versions of N-fluxon, as well as of our previous string-monopole solution.
description: 30pp. ; v2. references added, a few typos corrected
Single and Multi-Layered Thin Film Oxides for Potential Fuel Cell Applications
Creators: name: Cook, Stuart N.
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2012

description: Recently there has been a great level of interest in the effect of interfaces in oxide ionic conductors with a view to eventual application in solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs). Enhancements in electrical conductivity of one half to eight orders of magnitude have been reported in simplified thin film and multi-layered heterostructure systems. Often this is reported to be enhanced oxygen ion conduction with little supporting evidence. The aim of this work is to investigate these reports and develop an understanding of the underlying mechanisms. Several series of samples were investigated to achieve this goal. The first, designed to emulate an anomalous result from literature with alternating samarium doped ceria (SDC) and undoped ceria layers, featured an increasing total number of layers of equal individual thickness, and thus a constant interfacial density. This system featured no enhancement in conductivity and exhibited a level of tracer diffusion comparable with that in bulk SDC. Electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS) studies, however, revealed a significant level of Ce III in the undoped layers. The second and third series used similar materials but tested the hypothesis proposed in many works, that conductivity enhancement was related to tensile strain in the conducting material at the heterointerfaces. The second, manipulating the strain at the interface by varying the dopant (Nd, Sm, Y) in films with alternating doped and undoped ceria layers and a range of interfacial densities. This series exhibited minimal change in conductivity with strain or interfacial density. The third series replaced the doped ceria with yttria-stabilised zirconia (YSZ) in order to achieve a higher level of tensile strain. This again featured minimal change in conductivity. Tracer diffusion and secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) studies suggested that the undoped ceria layers featured vacancy-rich regions, close to the interfaces, possibly with compensating Ce III. The final series of multilayers comprised alternating praseodymium nickel copper gallate (Pr1.91 Ni0.71 Cu0.24 Ga0.05 O4) and SDC layers which exhibited a high level of conductivity and evidence of reduced levels of p-type conduction with decreasing SDC layer thickness, suggesting enhanced ionic conductivity. Oxygen tracer studies revealed, however, that the dominant charge carrier was not oxygen. Finally a study of the effect of dislocations in ionic conductors was performed on deformed single crystal YSZ. Impedance measurements revealed a small enhancement in conductivity in the orientation parallel to the dislocation cores however diffusion measurements showed a change that could be negated by the consideration of the inherent errors.
Data-Driven Stochastic Motion Evaluation and Optimization with Image by Spatially-Aligned Temporal Encoding
Creators: name: Oba, Takeru
name: Ukita, Norimichi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper proposes a probabilistic motion prediction method for long motions. The motion is predicted so that it accomplishes a task from the initial state observed in the given image. While our method evaluates the task achievability by the Energy-Based Model (EBM), previous EBMs are not designed for evaluating the consistency between different domains (i.e., image and motion in our method). Our method seamlessly integrates the image and motion data into the image feature domain by spatially-aligned temporal encoding so that features are extracted along the motion trajectory projected onto the image. Furthermore, this paper also proposes a data-driven motion optimization method, Deep Motion Optimizer (DMO), that works with EBM for motion prediction. Different from previous gradient-based optimizers, our self-supervised DMO alleviates the difficulty of hyper-parameter tuning to avoid local minima. The effectiveness of the proposed method is demonstrated with a variety of experiments with similar SOTA methods.
description: Accepted at ICRA 2023. Font is different from the submitted paper. 8 pages, 8 figures
The Implications of Investor Behaviour to Financial Markets
Creators: name: Majmin, Lisa Desiree
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2012

description: Financial markets are subject to sentiment from within and beyond their nation's borders. Fund flows either flood markets with liquidity, or drain them to the point of asset fire sales. This typically occurs in accordance with investors' beliefs and risk preferences and ultimately renders markets unstable. This thesis serves to establish the implications of investor behaviour to financial markets. Chapter 2 proposes macro sentiment as a leading indicator for financial instability within the Early Warning Framework of Borio & Lowe (2002). This signalling method identifies imbalances within the financial system. Key indicators include real equity and property prices, and private credit. Macro sentiment is then shown to display excess pessimism prior to systemic crises and therefore, is a relevant leading indicator. US institutional investor sentiment is measured through the demand for portfolio insurance in Chapter 3. Shefrin (1999) advocates index option markets as the manifestation of institutional investor sentiment. A decrease in index option skewness is associated with bearish sentiment. This chapter applies a non-parametric method to extract the risk-neutral distribution to gauge sentiment based on the 30-day probability of the underlying reaching the at-the-money futures level, and the third moment. These measures are examined in relation to the VIX, the put-call ratio, the slope of the implied volatility function and the Bakshi, Kapadia & Madan (2003) skew. Chapter 4 proposes a theory of sentiment propagation and examines the link between global and investor sentiment within the US. An extensive literature review of mutual fund flows and sentiment within the broad context of the macroeconomy affirms the use of cross-border fund flows as the channel through which sentiment propagates. The empirical section then establishes congruency between global sentiment, as measured by dedicated USA equity and bond fund flows of US and non-US domiciled investors and sentiment within the US.
Continous every-single-shot carrier-envelope phase measurement and control at 100 kHz
Creators: name: Hoff, Dominik
name: Furch, Federico J.
name: Witting, Tobias
name: Rühle, Klaus
name: Adolph, Daniel
name: Sayler, A. Max
name: Vrakking, Marc J. J.
name: Paulus, Gerhard G.
name: Schulz, Claus Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: With the emergence of high-repetition-rate few-cycle laser pulse amplifiers, aimed at investigating ultrafast dynamics in atomic, molecular and solid state science, the need for ever faster carrier-envelope phase (CEP) detection and control has arisen. Here we demonstrate a high speed, continuous, every-single-shot measurement and fast feedback scheme based on a stereo above-threshold ionization time-of-flight spectrometer capable of detecting the CEP and pulse duration at a repetition rate of up to 400 kHz. This scheme is applied to a 100 kHz optical parametric chirped pulse amplification (OPCPA) few-cycle laser system, demonstrating improved CEP stabilization and allowing for CEP tagging.
Can We Live on the Brane in Schwarzschild-anti de Sitter Black Hole?
Creators: name: Nojiri, Shin'ichi
name: Odintsov, Sergei D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The model of d5 higher derivative (HD) gravity admitting Schwarzschild--anti de Sitter Black Hole (S-AdS BH) as exact solution is considered. The surface counterterms are added to the complete action, they are fixed by the condition of finiteness of bulk AdS spacetime when brane goes to infinity. As a result the brane (observable Universe) is defined dynamically in terms of d5 theory parameters (brane tension is fixed). Brane radius is always bigger than horizon radius and the 4d Universe itself could be static or inflationary. Natural ganeralization of this model gives warped compactification (with dynamically generated brane) in the next-to-leading order of AdS/CFT correspondence.
description: LaTeX file, 13 pages, misprints are corrected, references added
title: Advances and challenges in marine litter pollution
Creators: name: ICES
Publisher: name: ASC 2021 - Theme session J
Year: 2024
Subjects: The sea and human culture and societies
Ecosystem observation, processes and dynamics
Pressures, impacts, conservation, and management

description: No abstracts are to be cited without prior reference to the author.Conveners: Thomas Maes (UK), Andy Booth (Norway), Francios Galgani (France), Chengjun Sun ​(PICES)

Due to the cancellation of ICES ASC 2020, some contributions submitted that year were also included in ASC 2021.
Additional file 1 of Impact of web-based health education on HPV vaccination uptake among college girl students in Western and Northern China: a follow-up study
Creators: name: Zhang, Xi
name: Chen, Hui
name: Zhou, Jing
name: Huang, Qian
name: Feng, Xiao-yu
name: Li, Jing
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Mental Health
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Virology

description: Additional file 1. The questionnaire used in this study.
Shortcuts to Adiabaticity in Krylov Space
Creators: name: Takahashi, Kazutaka
name: del Campo, Adolfo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Shortcuts to adiabaticity provide fast protocols for quantum state preparation in which the use of auxiliary counterdiabatic controls circumvents the requirement of slow driving in adiabatic strategies. While their development is well established in simple systems, their engineering and implementation are challenging in many-body quantum systems with many degrees of freedom. We show that the equation for the counterdiabatic term, equivalently the adiabatic gauge potential, is solved by introducing a Krylov basis. The Krylov basis spans the minimal operator subspace in which the dynamics unfolds and provides an efficient way to construct the counterdiabatic term. We apply our strategy to paradigmatic single- and many-particle models. The properties of the counterdiabatic term are reflected in the Lanczos coefficients obtained in the course of the construction of the Krylov basis by an algorithmic method. We examine how the expansion in the Krylov basis incorporates many-body interactions in the counterdiabatic term.
description: 22 pages, 11 figures
Additional information on models and calculations from Intrinsic limits of information transmission in biochemical signalling motifs
Creators: name: Suderman, Ryan
name: Deeds, Eric J.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 60114 Systems Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: All living things have evolved to sense changes in their environment in order to respond in adaptive ways. At the cellular level, these sensing systems generally involve receptor molecules at the cell surface, which detect changes outside the cell and relay those changes to the appropriate response elements downstream. With the advent of experimental technologies that can track signalling at the single-cell level, it has become clear that many signalling systems exhibit significant levels of ‘noise,’ manifesting as differential responses of otherwise identical cells to the same environment. This noise has a large impact on the capacity of cell signalling networks to transmit information from the environment. Application of information theory to experimental data has found that all systems studied to date encode less than 2.5 bits of information, with the majority transmitting significantly less than 1 bit. Given the growing interest in applying information theory to biological data, it is crucial to understand whether the low values observed to date represent some sort of intrinsic limit on information flow given the inherently stochastic nature of biochemical signalling events. In this work, we used a series of computational models to explore how much information a variety of common ‘signalling motifs’ can encode. We found that the majority of these motifs, which serve as the basic building blocks of cell signalling networks, can encode far more information (4–6 bits) than has ever been observed experimentally. In addition to providing a consistent framework for estimating information-theoretic quantities from experimental data, our findings suggest that the low levels of information flow observed so far in living system are not necessarily due to intrinsic limitations. Further experimental work will be needed to understand whether certain cell signalling systems actually can approach the intrinsic limits described here, and to understand the sources and purpose of the variation that reduces information flow in living cells.
Deregulation of the Cell Cycle by EBV Nuclear Antigens EBNA3A and EBNA3C
Creators: name: Skalska, Lenka
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2012

description: Cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p16INK4A is an important tumour suppressor and inducer of cellular senescence often inactivated during the development of cancer. I investigated the mechanism by which EBV latency-associated nuclear antigens EBNA3A and EBNA3C repress p16INK4A expression. Using lymphoblastoid cell lines (LCL) expressing a conditional EBNA3C, I demonstrate that EBNA3C inactivation resets the epigenetic status of p16INK4A to permit transcriptional activation: the polycomb-associated repressive H3K27me3 histone modification is substantially reduced, while the activation-related mark H3K4me3 is modestly increased. Activation of EBNA3C reverses the distribution of these epigenetic marks, represses p16INK4A transcription and allows proliferation. LCL lacking EBNA3A express relatively high levels of p16INK4A and have a similar pattern of histone modifications on p16INK4A as produced by the inactivation of EBNA3C. Since binding to the co-repressor of transcription CtBP was linked to the oncogenic activity of EBNA3C and EBNA3A, LCL with viruses encoding EBNA3C- and/or EBNA3A-mutants that no longer bind CtBP were established. These novel LCL revealed that the epigenetic repression of p16INK4A requires the interaction of both EBNA3C and EBNA3A with CtBP. Epigenetic repression of p16INK4A by latent EBV may facilitate p16INK4A DNA methylation during lymphomagenesis. Furthermore, by transforming the peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) from an individual homozygous for a deletion in CDKN2A locus with recombinant EBV viruses expressing conditional EBNA3C, we developed a system that allows inactivation of EBNA3C in LCL lacking functional p16INK4A protein (p16-null LCL 3CHT). EBNA3C inactivation has no impact on the proliferation rate of p16-null LCL, proving that the repression of p16INK4A is the main function of EBNA3C in EBV-driven LCL proliferation. The p16INK4A locus is epigenetically modified by EBNA3C despite the absence of functional p16INK4A protein. Since the selection pressure based on faster outgrowth of advantageously modified subset of cells is removed, the gradual and relatively slow kinetics of H3K27me3 restoration at p16INK4A following EBNA3C reactivation in p16-null LCL 3CHT seems to be genuinely related to the mechanism of EBNA3C-mediated p16INK4A regulation. The p16-null LCL 3CHT system further allows distinguishing genes regulated specifically by EBNA3C, rather than as a consequence of activation of p16INK4A/Rb/E2F1 axis. Lastly, new cellular targets of EBNA3C and/or EBNA3A from the group of microRNAs are identified in this work. Most notably, both EBNA3C and EBNA3A are shown to repress the tumour supressor miR-143/145 cluster and their precursor long non-coding RNAs in LCL.
Comparing the potential of different strategies for colour tuning in thin film photovoltaic technologies
Creators: name: José, Enrique Pascual-San
name: Sánchez-Díaz, Antonio
name: Stella, Marco
name: Martínez-Ferrero, Eugenia
name: Alonso, Maria Isabel
name: Campoy-Quiles, Mariano
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer

description: While the performance of some emerging solar cell technologies is rocketing, there are other important parameters that also need to be considered for industrialization, including aesthetics, payback time or long-term stability. More specifically, aesthetical features of the solar cells play a very important role in the path towards the integration of these semi-transparent technologies into the buildings and windows of the future. In this work, we have implemented a theoretical methodology to study in depth colour tuning in polymer-based organic photovoltaic cells that uses experimentally complex refractive indices. We compare quantitatively basic interference effects (through active layer thickness), binaries with different donors and different acceptors, and ternary systems where the third component is either active or a simple dye. For hybrid perovskite solar cells, we compare the colour tuning capability of blending and alloying. Additionally, we show that the same theoretical framework can be employed for the so-called inverse problem, i.e. determining the best solar cell parameters (specific materials, donor:acceptor ratio and photoactive film thickness) that can reproduce a desired set of chromaticity coordinates.
Neutron Stars in Relativistic Mean Field Theory with Isovector Scalar Meson
Creators: name: Kubis, S.
name: Kutschera, M.
name: Stachniewicz, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the equation of state of beta-stable dense matter and models of neutron stars in the relativistic mean field theory with the isovector scalar mean field corresponding to the delta-meson [a_0(980)]. A range of values of the delta-meson coupling compatible with the Bonn potentials is explored. Parameters of the model in the isovector sector are constrained to fit the nuclear symmetry energy, E_s=30 MeV. We find that the quantity most sensitive to the delta-meson coupling is the proton fraction of neutron star matter. It increases significantly in the presence of the delta-field. The energy per baryon also increases but the effect is smaller. The equation of state becomes slightly stiffer and the maximum neutron star mass increases for stronger delta-meson coupling.
description: 16 pages, plain TeX, 6 figs., Acta Physica Polonica B in press
Gorenstein rings via homological dimensions, and symmetry in vanishing of Ext and Tate cohomology
Creators: name: Ghosh, Dipankar
name: Puthenpurakal, Tony J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Commutative Algebra (math.AC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 13D05, 13D07, 13H10

description: The aim of this article is to consider the spectral sequences induced by tensor-hom adjunction, and provide a number of new results. Let $R$ be a commutative Noetherian local ring of dimension $d$. In the 1st part, it is proved that $R$ is Gorenstein if and only if it admits a nonzero CM (Cohen-Macaulay) module $M$ of finite Gorenstein dimension $g$ such that ${\rm type}(M) \le μ( {\rm Ext}_R^g(M,R) )$ (e.g., ${\rm type}(M)=1$). This considerably strengthens a result of Takahashi. Moreover, we show that if there is a nonzero $R$-module $M$ of depth $\ge d - 1$ such that the injective dimensions of $M$, ${\rm Hom}_R(M,M)$ and ${\rm Ext}_R^1(M,M)$ are finite, then $M$ has finite projective dimension and $R$ is Gorenstein. In the 2nd part, we assume that $R$ is CM with a canonical module $ω$. For CM $R$-modules $M$ and $N$, we show that the vanishing of one of the following implies the same for others: ${\rm Ext}_R^{\gg 0}(M,N^{+})$, ${\rm Ext}_R^{\gg 0}(N,M^{+})$ and ${\rm Tor}_{\gg 0}^R(M,N)$, where $M^{+}$ denotes ${\rm Ext}_R^{d-\dim(M)}(M,ω)$. This strengthens a result of Huneke and Jorgensen. Furthermore, we prove a similar result for Tate cohomologies under the additional condition that $R$ is Gorenstein.
description: 15 pages, reviewed version, Journal: Algebras and Representation Theory
Fock-Bargman Representation of the Distorted Heisenberg Algebra
Creators: name: Rosas-Ortiz, J. Oscar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The dynamical algebra associated to a family of Isospectral Oscillator Hamiltonians, named {\it Distorted Heisenberg Algebra} because its dependence on a distortion parameter $W \geq 0$, has been recently studied. The connection of this algebra with the Hilbert space of entire functions of growth (1/2, 2) is analized.
description: 10 pages, Latex, 0 figures. Minor revisions and changes in the above version. A new number operator $N_w$ which dependence as a function of the Hamiltonian $H{_\lambda}$ has been discussed. Submitted to J. Phys. A: Math. Gen. 1996
Fibroblast growth factor-2, chemoresistance and colorectal cancer
Creators: name: Prabhudesai, Shirish G.
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2012

description: Introduction: The role of fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF-2) on colorectal cancer (CRC) cells exposed to chemotherapy has not been studied extensively. This thesis investigated whether FGF-2 mediates chemoresistance in primary (SW480) and metastatic (SW620) colon adenocarcinoma cell lines. Methods: Proliferation assays were used to assess the response of SW480 and SW620 colon cancer cell lines to varying concentrations of FGF-2 and to optimise the dose of 5- FU at which 50% cell death was observed. Cell survival assays were performed following 96 hours exposure to 5-FU ± FGF-2. Levels of chemotherapy induced apoptosis were determined using Caspase-3/7 assay. Expression of anti-apoptotic proteins (Bcl-2 and Bcl-XL) and FGFRs at both protein and gene level were determined to see if these contributed to the difference in chemoprotection observed. Results: At 0.25 ng/ml, FGF-2 did not affect proliferation in either cell lines. 25μM of 5-FU resulted in 50% kill in both cell lines. Significant cell survival was observed when FGF-2 (0.25 ng/ml) pre-treated SW620 cells were exposed to 5-FU (25 μM) compared to cells exposed to 5-FU alone (81% vs 60%, p=0.015). This chemoresistance was associated with attenuation of cellular apoptosis (p=0.04) with no significant change in expression of Bcl-2 and Bcl-XL at gene or protein level. This survival advantage was not seen in SW480 cells (59% vs 55%, p=0.35). There were no observed differences in the expression of FGFR1-4 in either cell lines. Conclusion: FGF-2 offers chemoresistance to SW620 and not to SW480 cells exposed to 5-FU. Both cell lines expressed fgf2 and fgfr1-4 genes, suggesting that fgfr expression does not account for the difference in chemoresistance. FGF-2 offered protection by causing significant reduction in chemotherapy induced apoptosis in SW620 colon cancer cell line; however this was not due to increased expression of anti-apoptotic proteins. The molecular mechanisms for this selective chemoprotection need to be investigated further.
title: Taking stock on ocean acidification research for provision of future efforts​
Creators: name: ICES
Publisher: name: ASC 2021 - Theme session K
Year: 2024
Subjects: Ecosystem observation, processes and dynamics
Pressures, impacts, conservation, and management

description: No abstracts are to be cited without prior reference to the author.Conveners: Silvana Birchenough (UK), Pablo Leon Diaz (UK), Tsuneo Ono (Japan)

Due to the cancellation of ICES ASC 2020, some contributions submitted that year were also included in ASC 2021.
On Anthropic Solutions of the Cosmological Constant Problem
Creators: name: Banks, Tom
name: Dine, Michael
name: Motl, Lubos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Motivated by recent work of Bousso and Polchinski (BP), we study theories which explain the small value of the cosmological constant using the anthropic principle. We argue that simultaneous solution of the gauge hierarchy problem is a strong constraint on any such theory. We exhibit three classes of models which satisfy these constraints. The first is a version of the BP model with precisely two large dimensions. The second involves 6-branes and antibranes wrapped on supersymmetric 3-cycles of Calabi-Yau manifolds, and the third is a version of the irrational axion model. All of them have possible problems in explaining the size of microwave background fluctuations. We also find that most models of this type predict that all constants in the low energy Lagrangian, as well as the gauge groups and representation content, are chosen from an ensemble and cannot be uniquely determined from the fundamental theory. In our opinion, this significantly reduces the appeal of this kind of solution of the cosmological constant problem. On the other hand, we argue that the vacuum selection problem of string theory might plausibly have an anthropic, cosmological solution.
description: JHEP LaTeX, 26 pages
Apis dentata Linnaeus, 1758, spec. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1758
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Apidae
Apis
Apis dentata

description: Apis dentata [spec. nov.]
A. nitida viridis, alis nigris, femoribus posticis dentatis. M. L. U.
Habitat in Indiis.
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1758, Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on page 575, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.542, http://zenodo.org/record/3922206
title: Studying fisher attitudes, behaviour, and beliefs to customize fisheries management
Creators: name: ICES
Publisher: name: ASC 2021 - Theme session L
Year: 2024
Subjects: The sea and human culture and societies
Fisheries and aquaculture
Pressures, impacts, conservation, and management

description: No abstracts are to be cited without prior reference to the author.Conveners: Sarah B. M. Kraak (Germany), Fanny Barz (Germany), Mary Mackay (​​Australia)

Due to the cancellation of ICES ASC 2020, some contributions submitted that year were also included in ASC 2021.
Discovery of SAX J1753.5-2349 and SAX J1806.5-2215: two X-ray bursters without detectable steady emission
Creators: name: Zand, J. J. M. in 't
name: Heise, J.
name: Muller, J. M.
name: Bazzano, A.
name: Cocchi, M.
name: Natalucci, L.
name: Ubertini, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the discovery with BeppoSAX-WFC of two new X-ray sources that were only seen during bursts: SAX J1753.5-2349 and SAX J1806.5-2215. For both sources, no steady emission was detected above an upper limit of 5 mCrab (2 to 8 keV) for 3 10**5 s around the burst events. The single burst detected from SAX J1753.5-2349 shows spectral softening and a black body color temperature of 2.0 keV. Following the analogy with bursts in other sources the burst very likely originates in a thermonuclear flash on a neutron star. The first of two burst detected from SAX J1806.5-2215 does not show spectral softening and cannot be confirmed as a thermonuclear flash.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures, to be published in Proceedings of the Symposium "The Active X-Ray Sky: Results from BeppoSAX and Rossi-XTE", Rome, Italy, 21-24 October, 1997, Nuclear Physics B Proceedings Supplements. Eds. L. Scarsi, H. Bradt, P. Giommi, and F. Fiore
The K-Z Equation and the Quantum-Group Difference Equation in Quantum Self-dual Yang-Mills Theory
Creators: name: Chau, Ling-Lie
name: Yamanaka, Itaru
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: From the time-independent current $\tcj(\bar y,\bar k)$ in the quantum self-dual Yang-Mills (SDYM) theory, we construct new group-valued quantum fields $\tilde U(\bar y,\bar k)$ and $\bar U^{-1}(\bar y,\bar k)$ which satisfy a set of exchange algebras such that fields of $\tcj(\bar y,\bar k)\sim\tilde U(\bar y,\bar k)~\partial\bar y~\tilde U^{-1}(\bar y,\bar k)$ satisfy the original time-independent current algebras. For the correlation functions of the products of the $\tilde U(\bar y,\bar k)$ and $\tilde U^{-1}(\bar y,\bar k)$ fields defined in the invariant state constructed through the current $\tcj(\bar y,\bar k)$ we can derive the Knizhnik-Zamolodchikov (K-Z) equations with an additional spatial dependence on $\bar k$. From the $\tilde U(\bar y,\bar k)$ and $\tilde U^{-1}(\bar y,\bar k)$ fields we construct the quantum-group generators --- local, global, and semi-local --- and their algebraic relations. For the correlation functions of the products of the $\tilde U$ and $\tilde U^{-1}$ fields defined in the invariant state constructed through the semi-local quantum-group generators we obtain the quantum-group difference equations. We give the explicit solution to the two point function.
description: 15 pages, uses phyzzx
Static and non-static quantum effects in two-dimensional dilaton gravity
Creators: name: Chiou-Lahanas, C.
name: Diamandis, G. A.
name: Georgalas, B. C.
name: Kapella-Ekonomou, A.
name: Maintas, X. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study backreaction effects in two-dimensional dilaton gravity. The backreaction comes from an $R^2$ term which is a part of the one-loop effective action arising from massive scalar field quantization in a certain approximation. The peculiarity of this term is that it does not contribute to the Hawking radiation of the classical black hole solution of the field equations. In the static case we examine the horizon and the physical singularity of the new black hole solutions. Studying the possibility of time dependence we see the generation of a new singularity. The particular solution found still has the structure of a black hole, indicating that non-thermal effects cannot lead, at least in this approximation, to black hole evaporation.
description: 10 pages, no figures
Multiscale models are not quantitative.
Creators: name: biot-bazant, figshare admin
name: Ballarini, Roberto
name: Hellmich, Christian
Publisher: name: The Biot-Bazant Conference
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mechanics
subject: 80110 Simulation and Modelling
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This publication is part of the proceedings of the Biot-Bažant Conference on Engineering Mechanics and Physics of Porous Materials, which took place virtually on June 1-3, 2021. It contains a one-page abstract and the video of the talk that was given at the conference.
Disk Models for MCG-06-30-15: The Variability Challenge
Creators: name: Sulentic, J. W.
name: Marziani, P.
name: Calvani, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent observations have shown that the Fe Kalpha line profile of the Seyfert~1 galaxy MCG-06-30-15 is strongly variable. We attempt accretion disk model fits to the Fa Kalpha line profiles in a high, low and medium continuum luminosity phase of this source. During the monitoring by Iwasawa et al. (1996) a broad red-shifted component remained reasonably constant while a narrower component at $\approx$ 6.4 keV strongly responded to continuum changes. Physically consistent fits are possible if the index xi of the power-law emissivity changes from 0.7 (high phase) to 3.0 (low phase). The shape of the red-shifted component at low phase is crucial to the disk model interpretation. We suggest that the actual shape may be a broad redshifted Gaussian. Three lines of evidence support the interpretation of the Fe Kalpha line as multicomponent, beyond the lack of correlation in the response to continuum changes of the red and blue components in MCG -06-30-15. (1) We show that the strong concentration of narrow peak centroids at 6.4 keV is inconsistent with expectations of a random distribution of disk orientations. (2) The average Fe Kalpha profile for a sample of 16 mostly Seyfert~1's suggests a natural decomposition into two Gaussians one unshifted/narrow and the other redshifted/broad. (3) Evidence for emission in excess to the expectation of disk models on the high energy side of the Fe Kalpha profile is both a challenge for low inclination disk models and support for the two component decomposition.
description: 2 Figures, 1 table. Padova preprint