cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Switching characteristics of electrodeless gas-filled bulbs immersed in both A.C. and unipolar, uniform electric fields
Creators: name: Richardson, Michael J.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2008

description: A more complete understanding of the switching characteristics of external electrode gas filled discharge bulbs is needed for many electrical devices (e.g. AC plasma display panels). When a glass (or pyrex) bulb filled with gas (e.g. neon) is placed in an electric field, it can emit light in the form of a pulse. Whether or not a discharge (light pulse) occurs depends on the magnitude of the electric field in the bulb and the various bulb parameters (geometry, pressure, gas, etc.). The field inside the bulb is made up of the field created by the external electrodes, and the field created by any wall charges deposited inside the discharge vessel. The bulbs used in this thesis were of two varieties; spherical bulbs (1 Torr of Ne), and spherical Ne-Xe (5 Torr) bulbs with getters attached to one end spoiling their overall symmetry. The spherical, ungettered bulbs have an isotropic response to the applied field, but possess long time lags (up to 2 seconds) before breakdown occurs. The duration of the time lag can be reduced by increasing the frequency of the applied field. These bulbs also experience an aging process which causes the AC threshold field (the minimum AC field required for breakdown) to increase over time so long as the bulbs are not exposed to any discharges. The gettered bulbs do not possess this aging effect but are unique in that breakdown in an AC field only occurs when electrons and ions are accelerated in a specific direction. Furthermore, the gettered bulbs only exhibit long time lags if they are initially exposed to a low field (too low to induce breakdown) for at least a few seconds. Without the occurrence of time lags, the effects of wall charges (created from previous discharges) can be studied. This thesis presents the theoretical and experimental results which explain these characteristics for both bulb types. The geometry of the gettered bulbs and the relative orientation of the applied field is described along with the necessary apparatus for producing the various electric fields. Finally, the characteristics of the two types of bulbs are compared. Suggestions for improving their switching performance are also advanced.
Kinetic Mixing of the Photon with Hidden U(1)s in String Phenomenology
Creators: name: Abel, S. A.
name: Goodsell, M. D.
name: Jaeckel, J.
name: Khoze, V. V.
name: Ringwald, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Embeddings of the standard model in type II string theory typically contain a variety of U(1) gauge factors arising from D-branes in the bulk. In general, there is no reason why only one of these - the one corresponding to weak hypercharge - should be massless. Observations require that standard model particles must be neutral (or have an extremely small charge) under additional massless U(1)s, i.e. the latter have to belong to a so called hidden sector. The exchange of heavy messengers, however, can lead to a kinetic mixing between the hypercharge and the hidden-sector U(1)s, that is testable with near future experiments. This provides a powerful probe of the hidden sectors and, as a consequence, of the string theory realisation itself. In the present paper, we show, using a variety of methods, how the kinetic mixing can be derived from the underlying type II string compactification, involving supersymmetric and nonsupersymmetric configurations of D-branes, both in large volumes and in warped backgrounds with fluxes. We first demonstrate by explicit example that kinetic mixing occurs in a completely supersymmetric set-up where we can use conformal field theory techniques. We then develop a supergravity approach which allows us to examine the phenomenon in more general backgrounds, where we find that kinetic mixing is natural in the context of flux compactifications. We discuss the phenomenological consequences for experiments at the low-energy frontier, searching for signatures of light, sub-electronvolt or even massless hidden-sector U(1) gauge bosons and minicharged particles.
description: 35 pages, 5 figures
Spectroscopic binaries with components of similar mass
Creators: name: Lucy, L. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The assertion that there is an intrinsic excess of binaries with mass ratios q \simeq 1 - the twin hypothesis - is investigated. A strong version of this hypothesis (H_s), due to Lucy & Ricco (1979) and Tokovinin (2000), refers to a narrow peak in the distribution function psi(q) for q \ga 0.95. A weak version (H_w), due to Halbwachs et al. (2003), refers to a broad peak for q \ga 0.8. Current data on SB2's is analysed and H_s is found to be statistically significant for a sample restricted to orbits of high precision. But claims that H_s is significant for binaries with special characteristics are not confirmed since the sample sizes are well below the minimum required for a reliable test. With regard to H_w, additional observational evidence is not presented, but evidence to the contrary in the form of Hogeveen's (1992b) model of biased sampling with psi \propto q^{-2} is criticized. Specifically, his success in thus fitting catalogued data depends on implausible assumptions about the research methodologies of binary-star spectroscopists.
description: 8 pages, 8 figures. Accepted by Astronomy & astrophysics
Επίδραση των ανοσοενισχυτικών στην παραγωγή κυτοκινών και στον ισότυπο των αντισωμάτων σε θυμοεξαρτώμενα και θυμοανεξάρτητα αντιγόνα
Creators: name: Αβραμίδης, Νικόλαος
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2003
Subjects: Ισότυποι αντισωμάτων
Μυκόπλασμα Αγαλαξίας
Δεξτράνιο-φλουορεσκεϊνη
Μελανίνη
Isotype
Mycoplasma agalactiae
Dextran-FITC
Melanin

description: Η μελέτη της παρούσας διατριβής συνδυάζει την έρευνα γύρω από τον μηχανισμό δράσης των ανοσοενισχυτικών και τον καθορισμό του τύπου απόκρισης των μυκοπλασμάτων της αγαλαξίας, ώστε να γίνει δυνατή η κατασκευή ολοκληρωμένου εμβολίου για τη συγκεκριμένη νόσο. Ταυτόχρονα ερευνά τη σχέση ανοσοενισχυτικών-κιτοκινών-αντισωμάτων, με τη μελέτη της επαγωγής των κυτοκινών και τον ισότυπο των αντισωμάτων μετά τη χορήγηση ανοσοενισχυτικών σε συνδυασμό με το διαλυτό θυμοανεξάρτητο αντιγόνο δεξτράνιο-φλουορεσκεϊνη. Τέλος, γίνεται η μελέτη της μελανίνης ως πιθανού ανοσοενισχυτικού.
description: The present dissertation combines the research in the mechanism of adjuvant's action and the definition of response's type of Mycoplasma agalactiae, in order to construct a vaccine. In the same time, the research for the relation between adjuvants, cytokines and antibodies has been completed, by studying the response induction in soluble thymus independent antigen Dextran-FITC. Finally, the melanin has been studied, as likely adjuvant.
Σύνθεση και μελέτη χημικής συμπεριφοράς υδροξυ- και αμινο- τριπτυκενο-κινόνων και άλλων κινονικών παραγώγων
Creators: name: Ξανθοπούλου, Νικολέττα Ι.
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2003
Subjects: Τριπτυκενο κινόνες
Υδροξυ-κινόνες
Τριπτυκενο-1,3-Κυκλοπεντενοδιόνες
Πεντιπτυκενικινόνες
Αμινο-τριπτυκενοκινόνες
Triptycene-Quinones
Hydroxy-quinones
Triptycene-1,3-Cyclopentenediones
Pentiptycene-Diones
Amino-Triptycene-Quinones

description: Εξετάζονται οι μέθοδοι σύνθεσης και η χημική συμπεριφορά τριπτυκενικών και άλλων υδροξυ- και αμινο- κινονικών παραγώγων. Παρασκευάζονται υποκατεστημένες υδροξυ-βενζικινόνες και επιχειρείται η σύνθεση των αντίστοιχων ιωδωνιακών διπόλων και κυκλοπεντενοδιονών. Παρασκευάζεται η 2-υδροξυ-τριπτυκενο-κινόνη και το αντίστοιχο ιωδωνιακό δίπολο και η κυκλοπεντενοδιόνη και γίνονται με αυτά αντιδράσεις κυκλοποίησης, Diels-Alder και διπολικής κυκλοπροσθήκης. Πραγματοποιείται η σύνθεση υποκατεστημένων τριπτυκενοκινονικών παραγώγων, των αντίστοιχων ιωδωνιακών διπόλων και κυκλοπεντενοδιόνων. Παρασκευάζεται η τριπτυκενο-δικινόνη, το ιωδωνιακό δίπολο και η τριπτυκενο-δικυκλοπεντενοδιόνη. Η επίδραση μεθανολικού διαλύματος CH3ONa σε αλογονο-τριπτυκενο-κινόνες αποτελεί εναλλακτική μεθοδολογία σύνθεσης πεντιπτυκενο-κινόνων. Παρασκευάζεται η 2-αμινο-τριπτυκενο-κινόνη, το ιωδωνιακό της δίπολο και μελετάται η χημική συμπεριφορά.
description: The synthesis and chemical reactivity of certain hydroxy- and amino-quinones are studied in this work. The preparation of hydroxy-benzoquinones, their iodonium ylides and cyclopentenediones are described. The synthesis of 2-hydroxy-triptycene-quinones, its iodonium dipolo and triptycene-1,3- cyclopentenedione is studied along with cyclization, Diels-Alder and 1,3 - dipolar cycloadditions of the latter two. Substituted hydroxy-triptycene-quinones, their iodonium ylides and cyclopentenediones are synthesized. Triptycene-bis-cyclopentenedione is synthesized strarting from triptycene-bis-quinone. Reaction of methanol/CH3ONa to halogen-triptycene-quinones, offers an alternative route for the preparation of pentiptycene quinonic derivatives. 2-Amino-triptycene-quinone and the corresponding iodonium ylide are prepared and their chemical reactivity is studied.
Rafael Briones y el estudio del pluralismo religioso en España en las investigaciones promovidas por la Fundación Pluralismo y Convivencia
Creators: name: DIEZ DE VELASCO, Francisco
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Religious diversity, Religious minorities, Andalusia, Ceuta, Melilla, Rafael Briones

description: This chapter reviews the relationship between Professor Rafael Briones and the “Fundación Pluralismo y Convivencia” (Pluralism and Coexistence Foundation), which led him to coordinate a series of studies on religious diversity and religious minorities from 2006 to 2014. The projects he directed on the map of religious minorities in Andalusia, the GESDIVERE project (Public Management of Religious Diversity) and the map of religious diversity in Ceuta and Melilla will be reviewed.
Inhibitory control in a combined motor and perceptual inhibition task : a study in young and older adults
Creators: name: Goldsworthy, ME
Publisher: name: University of Tasmania
Year: 2024

description: Interacting efficiently with our environment necessitates perceptual inhibition of irrelevant stimuli and subsequent motor inhibition of inappropriate responses; these processes decline with age; however, the extent to which they interact and share neural resources remains unknown. Young (n=22; <35 yrs) and older adults (n=26: >60 yrs) completed a Flanker Task (perceptual inhibition), a Stop-Signal Task (SST; motor inhibition) and a combined task involving both Flanker and SST. Frontal Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (fNIRS) was used to assess Pre-frontal Cortex (PFC) activity, while electromyography (EMG) recorded muscle responses. Based on extant literature, it was hypothesised that age-related deficits in inhibitory processes would be observed for the SST but not for the Flanker Task and that these age-related deficits would be accentuated in the combined task. We observed age-related slowing (but not specific perceptual decline) in the Flanker task and age-related inhibitory decline in the SSTs; both groups’ performance declined to a similar degree when combining tasks. Only older adults exhibited significantly greater PFC activation in incongruent v. congruent trials (in Flanker and Combined tasks), suggesting a compensatory mechanism to reduce ageing-related decline. Older adults also responded with less vigour, indicating proactive changes in the voluntary response, conceivably to facilitate subsequent response inhibition.
Bose-Einstein condensate coupled to a nanomechanical resonator on an atom chip
Creators: name: Treutlein, Philipp
name: Hunger, David
name: Camerer, Stephan
name: Hänsch, Theodor W.
name: Reichel, Jakob
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We theoretically study the coupling of Bose-Einstein condensed atoms to the mechanical oscillations of a nanoscale cantilever with a magnetic tip. This is an experimentally viable hybrid quantum system which allows one to explore the interface of quantum optics and condensed matter physics. We propose an experiment where easily detectable atomic spin-flips are induced by the cantilever motion. This can be used to probe thermal oscillations of the cantilever with the atoms. At low cantilever temperatures, as realized in recent experiments, the backaction of the atoms onto the cantilever is significant and the system represents a mechanical analog of cavity quantum electrodynamics. With high but realistic cantilever quality factors, the strong coupling regime can be reached, either with single atoms or collectively with Bose-Einstein condensates. We discuss an implementation on an atom chip.
description: published version (5 pages, 3 figures)
Course on functional languages and dependently typed languages
Creators: name: Botta, Nicola
name: Brede, Nuria
name: Crucifix, Michel
name: Martı́nez Montero, Marina
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Climate Science
Verified Programming
Type Theory
Idris
Monadic Dynamical Systems
Monadic Sequential Decision Problems
Proofs-as-Programs
Logic

description: This publication provides teaching material for an introductory course on functional and dependently typed programming and its application to verified decision-making in the context of climate science, using the computational theory of policy advice and avoidability developed by Botta et al.([1],[2]). The document is Deliverable D6.1 (D27) of the EU Horizon 2020 project TiPES (Tipping Points in the Earth System). References [1] Botta, N., Jansson, P., Ionescu, C. (2017). Contributions to a computational theory of policy advice and avoidability. J. Funct. Program., 27, e23. [2] Botta, N., Jansson, P., Ionescu, C.(2018). The impact of uncertainty on optimal emission policies. Earth Syst. Dynam., 9, 525-542. [3] Botta, N.et al.(2016-2020). IdrisLibs, https://gitlab.pik-potsdam.de/botta/IdrisLibs
Συστήματα μετρήσεων με υπερήχους τεχνολογίας μικροελεκτών
Creators: name: Παπαγεωργίου, Χρήστος
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2003
Subjects: Αισθητήρες υπερήχων
Συστήματα μετρήσεων με υπέρηχους
Ultrasonic sensors
Ultrasonic measurement systems

description: Η διατριβή αυτή εστιάζει το ενδιαφέρον της στη μελέτη των αισθητήρων υπερήχων με συχνότητα λειτουργίας στην περιοχή των 40KHz και μέσον διάδοσης τον αέρα. Παρουσιάζεται αναλυτικά ένα μοντέλο δεύτερης τάξης και προτείνονται κυκλώματα βέλτιστης προσαρμογής των αισθητήρων κατά την εκπομπή και λήψη. Παρουσιάζει την ανάπτυξη μιας μετρητικής διάταξης νέας τεχνολογίας(για τη μέτρηση απόστασης, μετατόπισης, χαρακτηριστικών δονούμενης επιφάνειας) και προτείνεται μια νέα μέθοδος ακριβέστερου προσδιορισμού του χρόνου διάδοσης των κυμάτων με την εισαγωγή της τεχνικής της παρακολούθησης των μεταβολών συχνότητας αντί του πλάτους και με απ'ευθείας, γρήγορη(σε κάθε περίοδο) και ακριβή(ο,1%) μέτρηση της συχνότητας. Οι προτεινόμενοι αυτοί μέθοδοι έχουν στόχο να συνεισφέρουν στην καλύτερη αντιμετώπιση του προβλήματος μέτρησης του χρόνου διάδοσης (time of flight-TOF) σε σχέση με τις υπάρχουσες και χρησιμοποιούμενες μέχρι σήμερα τεχνικές που αφορούν μετρήσεις πλάτους του λαμβανόμενου σήματος
description: The present dissertations is focused on the study of ultrasonic sensors, operating in a frequency range of 40KHz and propagation means the air. It is proposed a model of second order as well as circuits of most optimal adaptation the development of a new technology measurement system(for measurement of distance, displacement and the characteristics of a vibrating surface) and a new method for more precise estimation of TOF(time of flight) is proposed with the introduction of a technique for the monitoring and recording of the frequency of modulated ultrasonic waves, with directly fast(in each period) and precise(o,1%) measurement of the frequency instead of the amplitude. These proposed methods aim to contribute to the problem in most essential(theoretical and practical atitude) concerning the existing techniques, mainly with regard to the technique of detection and measurement of ultrasonic signals in the field of frequencies and not in the field of amplitudes
Laminated Wave Turbulence: Generic Algorithms I
Creators: name: Kartashova, E.
name: Kartashov, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The model of laminated wave turbulence presented recently unites both types of turbulent wave systems - statistical wave turbulence (introduced by Kolmogorov and brought to the present form by numerous works of Zakharov and his scientific school since nineteen sixties) and discrete wave turbulence (developed in the works of Kartashova in nineteen nineties). The main new feature described by this model is the following: discrete effects do appear not only in the long-wave part of the spectral domain (corresponding to small wave numbers) but all through the spectra thus putting forth a novel problem - construction of fast algorithms for computations in integers of order $10^{12}$ and more. In this paper we present a generic algorithm for polynomial dispersion functions and illustrate it by application to gravity and planetary waves.
description: 30 pages, 12 figures, submitted to J. Comp. Phys
Discrepancy Bounds for a Class of Negatively Dependent Random Points Including Latin Hypercube Samples
Creators: name: Gnewuch, Michael
name: Hebbinghaus, Nils
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: Discrete Mathematics (cs.DM)
subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 11K38 (Primary), 65C05, 65D30, 62D05, 60C05, 68Q87, 65Y20 (Secondary)

description: We introduce a class of $γ$-negatively dependent random samples. We prove that this class includes, apart from Monte Carlo samples, in particular Latin hypercube samples and Latin hypercube samples padded by Monte Carlo. For a $γ$-negatively dependent $N$-point sample in dimension $d$ we provide probabilistic upper bounds for its star discrepancy with explicitly stated dependence on $N$, $d$, and $γ$. These bounds generalize the probabilistic bounds for Monte Carlo samples from [Heinrich et al., Acta Arith. 96 (2001), 279--302] and [C.~Aistleitner, J.~Complexity 27 (2011), 531--540], and they are optimal for Monte Carlo and Latin hypercube samples. In the special case of Monte Carlo samples the constants that appear in our bounds improve substantially on the constants presented in the latter paper and in [C.~Aistleitner, M.~T.~Hofer, Math. Comp.~83 (2014), 1373--1381].
description: 25 pages
Sub-femtosecond wakefield injector and accelerator based on an undulating plasma bubble controlled by a laser phase
Creators: name: Kim, Jihoon
name: Wang, Tianhong
name: Khudik, Vladimir
name: Shvets, Gennady
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate that a long-propagating plasma bubble executing undulatory motion can be produced in the wake of two co-propagating laser pulses: a near-single-cycle injector and a multi-cycle driver. When the undulation amplitude exceeds the analytically derived threshold, highly-localized injections of plasma electrons into the bubble are followed by their long-distance acceleration. While the locations of the injection regions are controlled by the carrier-envelope phase (CEP) of the injector pulse, the mono-energetic spectrum of the accelerated sub-femtosecond high-charge electron bunches is shown to be nearly CEP-independent
Topological Quantum Computing and 3-Manifolds
Creators: name: Asselmeyer-Maluga, Torsten
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we will present some ideas to use 3D topology for quantum computing. Topological quantum computing in the usual sense works with an encoding of information as knotted quantum states of topological phases of matter, thus being locked into topology to prevent decay. Today, the basic structure is a 2D system to realize anyons with braiding operations. From the topological point of view, we have to deal with surface topology. However, usual materials are 3D objects. Possible topologies for these objects can be more complex than surfaces. From the topological point of view, Thurston's geometrization theorem gives the main description of 3-dimensional manifolds. Here, complements of knots do play a prominent role and are in principle the main parts to understand 3-manifold topology. For that purpose, we will construct a quantum system on the complements of a knot in the 3-sphere. The whole system depends strongly on the topology of this complement, which is determined by non-contractible, closed curves. Every curve gives a contribution to the quantum states by a phase (Berry phase). Therefore, the quantum states can be manipulated by using the knot group (fundamental group of the knot complement). The universality of these operations was already showed by M. Planat et al.
description: 18 pages, 5 Figure, Special Issue "Groups, Geometry and Topology for Quantum Computations" in Quantum Reports
The X-ray Properties of Active Galactic Nuclei with Double-Peaked Balmer Lines
Creators: name: Strateva, I. V.
name: Brandt, W. N.
name: Eracleous, M.
name: Schneider, D. P.
name: Chartas, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Double-peaked Balmer-line profiles originate in the accretion disks of a few percent of optically selected AGN. The reasons behind the strong low-ionization line emission from the accretion disks of these objects is still uncertain. In this paper, we characterize the X-ray properties of 39 double-peaked Balmer line AGN, 29 from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey and 10 low optical-luminosity double-peaked emitters from earlier radio-selected samples. We find that the UV-to-X-ray slope of radio-quiet (RQ) double-peaked emitters as a class does not differ substantially from that of normal RQ AGN with similar UV monochromatic luminosity. The radio-loud (RL) double-peaked emitters, with the exception of LINER galaxies, are more luminous in the X-rays than RQ AGN, as has been observed for other RL AGN with single-peaked profiles. The X-ray spectral shapes of double-peaked emitters, measured by their hardness ratios or power-law photon indices, are also largely consistent with those of normal AGN of similar radio-loudness. In practically all cases studied here, external illumination of the accretion disk is necessary to produce the Balmer-line emission, as the gravitational energy released locally in the disk by viscous stresses is insufficient to produce lines of the observed strength. In the Appendix we study the variability of Mrk 926, a double-peaked emitter with several observations in the optical and X-ray bands.
description: 19 pages, 12 figures, accepted by ApJ
title: Shape Optimization for Non-linear Parabolic Problems on Surfaces
Creators: name: Vlasak, Albert
Publisher: name: TU Wien
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: shape optimization

description: Shape optimization is concerned with finding optimal shapes in the sense that they minimize a cost functional, most often while satisfying one or more constraints. This work considers a problem in the following context: The set of admissible shapes is the set of all closed, compact and smooth surfaces embedded in R3. The cost functional is the squared L2 norm of u-ud over the surface for a target function ud. The function u is given by the constraint and is the solutionof a non-linear parabolic partial dierential equation on the surface. While elliptic problems as well as problems on open domains are widely discussed, the studying of parabolic problems onsurfaces is a rather new field of research. Existence and uniqueness of a solution of both the optimization problem and the constraintare discussed. The shape derivative is calculated both in a general context as well as for theconcrete example of a type of reaction-diusion equation with applications in cell biology. A gradient descent algorithm via the shape derivative is deducted, an implementation is givenand its results are reviewed. Moreover, a technique to guarantee surface area preservation isintroduced. The necessary theoretical background, both from dierential geometry as well asfrom the theory of partial dierential equations, is presented and applied to the problem athand.
$α$-Geodesical Skew Divergence
Creators: name: Kimura, Masanari
name: Hino, Hideitsu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: Computation (stat.CO)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The asymmetric skew divergence smooths one of the distributions by mixing it, to a degree determined by the parameter $λ$, with the other distribution. Such divergence is an approximation of the KL divergence that does not require the target distribution to be absolutely continuous with respect to the source distribution. In this paper, an information geometric generalization of the skew divergence called the $α$-geodesical skew divergence is proposed, and its properties are studied.
High-strength Al–5Mg2Si–2Mg–2Fe alloy with extremely high Fe content for green industrial application through additive manufacturing
Creators: name: Wang, Jianying
name: Gao, Jianbao
name: Yang, Hailin
name: Yang, Feipeng
name: Wen, Tao
name: Liu, Zhilin
name: Zhang, Lijun
name: Ji, Shouxun
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Achieving superior mechanical properties of Al alloys with high content of Fe impurities is very challenging. Here, a feasible method was applied to accommodate high Fe content (∼2.2 wt.%) and obtain superior strength in an Al–5Mg2Si–2Mg–2Fe alloy by using additive manufacturing. Heterogeneous distribution of Fe, including a high number density of α-Al12(Fe,Mn)3Si particles distributed at the melting pool boundary and excessive Fe segregated along the cell boundaries that divided by Mg2Si eutectics, was verified as the beneficial factor for the alloy design and strength enhancement. In addition to the heterogeneous grains that contain fine cells, the interactions between dislocations and coherent Mg2Si eutectics and the α-Al12(Fe,Mn)3Si particles played an important role in improving the mechanical properties. This work represents a breakthrough in recycling high-strength Al alloys with extremely high Fe doping for green industrial application through additive manufacturing.
Stability of the semi-implicit method for the Cahn-Hilliard equation with logarithmic potentials
Creators: name: Li, Dong
name: Tang, Tao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We consider the two-dimensional Cahn-Hilliard equation with logarithmic potentials and periodic boundary conditions. We employ the standard semi-implicit numerical scheme which treats the linear fourth-order dissipation term implicitly and the nonlinear term explicitly. Under natural constraints on the time step we prove strict phase separation and energy stability of the semi-implicit scheme. This appears to be the first rigorous result for the semi-implicit discretization of the Cahn-Hilliard equation with singular potentials.
description: 23 pages
Investigation of the structure and thermodynamics of star-polymers in semi-dilute solution
Creators: name: Benzouine, F.
name: Yassine, M.
name: Derouiche, A.
name: Bettachy, A.
name: Benhamou, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, we consider a semi-dilute solution of identical star-polymers, made of attached flexible long polymer chains of the same polymerization degree N. We first compute the effective pair-potential between star-polymers. Such a potential results from the excluded volume forces between monomers. We show that this potential is logarithmic, below some known characteristic distance, σ, depending on the number of attached chains per star-polymer, f, and volume fraction of polymers, φ0 . Beyond σ, the potential fails exponentially. Second, we investigate the structure and thermodynamics of these star-polymers. To this end, we use the integral equation method with the hybridized-mean spherical approximation. The numerical resolution of this equation gives the structure factor of the star-polymers, for various particle densities. Finally, the standard relationships between thermodynamics and structure enable us to deduce three physical quantities, namely the isotherm compressibility, pressure and internal energy, as functions of density.
description: 3 figures
LIKE Open Science Course Seminar 1: Introducing Open Science
Creators: name: Clifton, Andrew
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: open science
educational material
seminar

description: This is the PDF of a seminar in a course on open science, first delivered as part of the Innovative Training Network Lidar Knowledge Europe (ITN-LIKE). This seminar provides an introduction to open science in the context of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. For more information see the seminar notes on Github.
Μελέτη των επιπτώσεων της πειραματικής χρόνιας ηπατικής νόσου του σκύλου στη συγκέντρωση του σιδήρου, του χαλκού και του ψευδαργύρου στον ορό του αίματος και στο ήπαρ
Creators: name: Σούμπασης, Νεκτάριος Χ.
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2003
Subjects: Σίδηρος
Χαλκός
Ψευδάργυρος
Χρόνια πειραματική ηπατική νόσος
Iron
Copper
Zinc
Experimentally induced hepatopathy

description: Η διατριβή διαιρείται σε δύο μέρη: Στο πρώτο μέρος περιλαμβάνεται σύντομη ανασκόπηση σχετική: με το ρόλο του ήπατος στο μεταβολισμό του σιδήρου, του χαλκού και του ψευδαργύρου, την ηπατοτοξικότητα του CCl4, και τέλος με τις διαταραχές που παρατηρούνται στο μεταβολισμό των παραπάνω ιχνοστοιχείων σε περιπτώσεις χρόνιας ηπατικής νόσου στον άνθρωπο, στο σκύλο και σε άλλα πειραματόζωα. Στη δική μας έρευνα χρησιμοποιήθηκαν 14 σκύλοι ηλικίας ενός έτους που χωρίστηκαν σε δύο ομάδες, στην ομάδα Π-πειραματόζωα και στην ομάδα Μ-μάρτυρες. Στα ζώα της ομάδας Π χορηγήθηκε CCl4 από το στόμα, για 10 εβδομάδες, ενώ σε αυτά της ομάδας Μ, εικονικό φάρμακο. Στα ζώα της ομάδας Π παρατηρήθηκε στατιστικά σημαντική, σε σχέση με τους μάρτυρες, αύξηση της συγκέντρωσης του σιδήρου του ορού (SI), της ολικής ικανότητας της τρανσφερίνης να δεσμεύει σίδηρο (TIBC), καθώς και της συγκέντρωσης του χαλκού του ορού. Στο τέλος του πειραματισμού, παρατηρήθηκε στατιστικά σημαντική αύξηση, τόσο του χημικά, όσο και του ιστοχημικά προσδιοριζόμενου σιδήρου του ήπατος στα ζώα της ομάδας Π. Στα πειραματόζωα της ίδιας ομάδας παρατηρήθηκαν θετικές συσχετίσεις μεταξύ του SI και α) της δραστηριότητας της ALT β) του χημικά και ιστοχημικά προσδιοριζόμενου ολικού ηπατικού σιδήρου γ) του ιστοχημικά προσδιοριζόμενου σιδήρου των ηπατικών κυττάρων και των κυττάρων των κολπωδών τριχοειδών και δ) του βαθμού ίνωσης του ήπατος. Στα πειραματόζωα της ομάδας Π διαπιστώθηκε θετική συσχέτιση μεταξύ της ηπατικής ίνωσης και του χημικά και ιστοχημικά προσδιοριζόμενου ολικού ηπατικού σιδήρου καθώς και του ιστοχημικά προσδιοριζόμενου σιδήρου των ηπατικών κυττάρων και των κυττάρων των κολπωδών τριχοειδών.
description: The aim of this study was to investigate serum iron (SI), total iron binding capacity (TIBC), % transferin saturation (SAT), serum copper (Cu), Zinc (Zn), as well as Fe, Cu and Zn concentrations in liver of dogs with experimentally induced hepatopathy. In order to produce hepatopathy, CCl4 was administered to 7 dogs, one year old, group P, while 7 dogs of the same age, group M, were used as controls and received placebo for a ten week period. At the end of the experiment the values of SI, TIBC, serum Cu, as well as iron concentration of liver samples of group P dogs were significantly increased than those in controls. Total liver iron score was significantly increased in group P dogs. Finally, positive correlations between SI, total iron score and total liver iron were found. Hepatic fibrosis was also positively correlated with serum and liver iron as well as total iron score in group P experimental animals.
Analoge Orte im digitalen Zeitalter
Creators: name: Klug, Petra
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Öffentliche Bibliothek
subject: Digitalisierung
subject: Stadtentwicklung
subject: Sozialer Wandel
subject: Digitale Revolution
subject: Zukunft
subject: 020 Bibliotheks- und Informationswissenschaften

description: Mit der Digitalisierung ändert sich Vieles: Wie wir lernen und arbeiten, kommunizieren und unser Alltagsleben organisieren. Für viele Menschen sind damit Chancen verbunden, andere sehen vor allem Risiken. Ob unsere Gesellschaft die Digitalisierung sinnvoll nutzen kann und wird, hängt von ganz unterschiedlichen Faktoren ab. Neben dem Zugang zu digitalen Angeboten und Services sind digitale Kompetenzen ein entscheidendes Erfolgskriterium. Neue digitale Informations- und Kommunikationsformate haben die Arbeit und Angebote in der Bibliothek bereits stark verändert und werden dies auch weiterhin tun. Als digitale Vorreiter sind gerade Öffentliche Bibliotheken dafür prädestiniert, die digitale Transformation in einer Kommune mit zu begleiten und kommunale Akteure zu unterstützen. Digitale Kompetenzen für alle Bevölkerungsgruppen sind ein naheliegendes Handlungsfeld, analoge Orte im digitalen Zeitalter ein weiteres.
Constraints on the antistar fraction in the Solar system neighborhood from the 10-years Fermi Large Area Telescope gamma-ray source catalog
Creators: name: Dupourqué, Simon
name: Tibaldo, Luigi
name: von Ballmoos, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is generally taken for granted that our Universe is free of antimatter objects and domains. This certitude has recently been challenged by the possible detection of anti-helium nuclei by AMS-02. Should the observation be confirmed, the existence of nearby antistars would make a plausible hypothesis to explain the origin of the antinuclei. In this paper we use the 10-years Fermi Large Area Telescope (LAT) gamma-ray source catalog to set constraints on the abundance of antistars around the Sun. We identify in the catalog 14 antistar candidates not associated with any objects belonging to established gamma-ray source classes and with a spectrum compatible with baryon-antibaryon annihilation. We use them along with an estimate of the LAT sensitivity to antistars to set upper limits on the local antistar fraction $f_{\bar{\ast}}$ with respect to normal stars. We provide parametric limits as a function of the closest antistar mass, velocity, and surrounding matter density. We also employ a novel Monte~Carlo method to set limits for a few hypotheses about the antistar population. For a population with properties equivalent to those of regular stars concentrated in the Galactic disk we obtain $f_{\bar{\ast}} < 2.5 \times 10^{-6}$ at 95\% confidence level, which is 20 times more constraining than limits previously available. For a primordial population of antistars distributed in the Galactic halo we obtain new local upper limits which decrease as a function of antistar mass $M$ from $f_{\bar{\ast}} < 0.2$ at 95\% confidence level for $M = 1 \; M_\odot$ to $f_{\bar{\ast}} < 1.6 \times 10^{-4}$ at 95\% confidence level for $M = 10 \; M_\odot$. By combining these limits with existing microlensing constraints for lighter objects in the Magellanic clouds, we infer that a primordial population of halo antistars must have a density lower than $\mathcal{O}(10^{-5}\;\text{pc}^{-3})$ to $\mathcal{O}(10^{-2}\;\text{pc}^{-3})$ depending on their masses. Our limits can constrain models for the origin and propagation of antinuclei in cosmic rays.
description: Physical Review D, American Physical Society, 2021
Title Quantum Optics and Heavy Ion Physics
Creators: name: Glauber, Roy J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: I shall try to say a few words about two particular ways in which my own work has a certain relation to your work with heavy ions. My title is therefore "Quantum Optics and Heavy Ion Physics".
description: Invited paper delivered at Quark Matter 2005 Conference, Budapest, Hungary, August 4, 2005, 11 pages, 5 figures
Dynamical Symmetries Reflected in Realistic Interactions
Creators: name: Sviratcheva, K. D.
name: Draayer, J. P.
name: Vary, J. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Realistic nucleon-nucleon (NN) interactions, derived within the framework of meson theory or more recently in terms of chiral effective field theory, yield new possibilities for achieving a unified microscopic description of atomic nuclei. Based on spectral distribution methods, a comparison of these interactions to a most general Sp(4) dynamically symmetric interaction, which previously we found to reproduce well that part of the interaction that is responsible for shaping pairing-governed isobaric analog 0+ states, can determine the extent to which this significantly simpler model Hamiltonian can be used to obtain an approximate, yet very good description of low-lying nuclear structure. And furthermore, one can apply this model in situations that would otherwise be prohibitive because of the size of the model space. In addition, we introduce a Sp(4) symmetry breaking term by including the quadrupole-quadrupole interaction in the analysis and examining the capacity of this extended model interaction to imitate realistic interactions. This provides a further step towards gaining a better understanding of the underlying foundation of realistic interactions and their ability to reproduce striking features of nuclei such as strong pairing correlations or collective rotational motion.
description: 10 pages, 4 figures, Proceedings of the XXV International Workshop on Nuclear Theory, June 26-July 1, 2006, Rila Mountains, Bulgaria
Characterization of GaAs/Ga₁₋ Al As multilayer system by infrared spectroscopy at normal incidence
Creators: name: Zeng, An
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: The infrared reflectance spectra of GaAs/Ga₁₋xAlAs multilayer structures at normal incidence from the far-infrared to the near-infrared have been measured using a Bruker IF 113v spectrometer. The main structure in the spectra are due to the phonon reststrahlen bands, the Fabry-Perot interference and the plasma edge of the free carriers. An optical impedance method was successfully used to calculate the reflectance spectra at normal incidence. Through fitting the spectra, we determined both electrical and structural parameters, which are usually determined by several different methods. These parameters include the carrier concentration n, mobility µ, conductivity σ, Al concentration x, and the thickness di of each layer. The agreement between the theoretical spectra and the experiments is excellent.
Unsustainable Fashion: SHEIN and the Fast Fashion Consumption Model
Creators: name: Degli Esposti, Piergiorgio
name: Mortara, Ariela
name: Roberti, Geraldina
Publisher: name: Italian Sociological Review
Year: 2024

description: Fashion, which has always played an important role in the economy and culture of many countries, is a sector with a high environmental impact, responsible for significant water consumption and the production of a large amount of waste. In particular, fast fashion, a business model based on offering consumers new, cheap and trendy products, seems to be one of the main drivers of the constant quest for innovation in fashion products, with a consequent increase in the environmental and social impacts of this policy. Among the companies in the sector, the SHEIN platform, founded in China in 2008 under the name Zzko, has become a real competitor to global industry giants such as Inditex and H&M, leading to a business model that can be defined as ultra-fast fashion.

The article presents the results of a qualitative research project aimed at understanding the consumption model, purchasing motivations and possible concerns about sustainability of young female Italian consumers who use the platform. To this end, 30 semi-structured interviews were conducted with a sample of university students, who are SHEIN customers, to identify their main purchasing motivations, their consumption habits, and the importance they attribute to sustainability issues. The results show that the main drivers for the platform success are the low price of the clothes and the wide variety of styles available. Students also proved to be quite sensitive to the issue of the company’s unsustainable production practices, although this awareness does not automatically translate into a decision to stop buying the brand’s products.
description: Italian Sociological Review, Vol. 14 No. 3 (2024)
LIKE Open Science Course Seminar 3: Intellectual Property
Creators: name: Clifton, Andrew
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: open science
intellectual property

description: This is the PDF of a seminar in a course on open science, first delivered as part of the Innovative Training Network Lidar Knowledge Europe (ITN-LIKE). This seminar discusses intellectual property as it relates to open science. For more information see the seminar notes on Github.
A compound figure of merit for photonic applications of metal nanocomposites
Creators: name: Garcia, Hernando
name: Krishna, Hare
name: Kalyanaraman, Ramki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Selecting nanocomposites for photonic switching applications requires optimizing their thermal, nonlinear and two-photon absorption characteristics. We simplify this step by defining a compound figure of merit (FOM_{C}) for nanocomposites of noble metals in dielectric based on criteria that limit these structures in photonic applications, i.e. thermal heating and two-photon absorption. The device independent results predict extremely large values of FOM_{C} for a specific combination of the metal and insulator dielectric constant given by ε_{h}=\frac{ε_{1}-ε_{2}}{2}, where ε_{h} is the dielectric constant of the host and ε_{1} and ε_{2} are the real and imaginary parts for the metal.
description: Appearing in Appl. Phys. Lett. (2006)
Dilation bootstrap
Creators: name: Galichon, Alfred
name: Henry, Marc
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Econometrics (econ.EM)
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: We propose a methodology for constructing confidence regions with partially identified models of general form. The region is obtained by inverting a test of internal consistency of the econometric structure. We develop a dilation bootstrap methodology to deal with sampling uncertainty without reference to the hypothesized economic structure. It requires bootstrapping the quantile process for univariate data and a novel generalization of the latter to higher dimensions. Once the dilation is chosen to control the confidence level, the unknown true distribution of the observed data can be replaced by the known empirical distribution and confidence regions can then be obtained as in Galichon and Henry (2011) and Beresteanu, Molchanov and Molinari (2011).
description: 32 pages, 1 figure
Sociological Ambivalence in Reproduction: Natural Childbirth and Technological Conception
Creators: name: Bandelli, Daniela
Publisher: name: Italian Sociological Review
Year: 2024

description: Procreative choices and discourses in contemporary society are steered by the insistence on nature and the trust in biomedical technologies. Whilst biomedical technologies are increasingly used in conception, the critique of medicalisation in childbirth is a matter of collective sensitivity. Through the theory of sociological ambivalence, this study sheds lights on the strategies adopted by childbirth professionals to cope with the nature/technique polarity. Results of a qualitative study conducted with midwives, doulas and trainers in Italy are presentede.
description: Italian Sociological Review, Vol. 14 No. 3 (2024)
Ermakov-Pinney equation for time-varying mass systems
Creators: name: Bagchi, Bijan
name: Vinod, Achal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We extend Fring-Tenney approach of constructing invariants of constant mass time-dependent system to the case of a time-dependent mass particle. From a coupled set of equations described in terms of guiding parameter functions, we track down a modified Ermakov-Pinney equation involving a time-dependent mass function. As a concrete example we focus on an exponential choice of the mass function.
description: To appear in the Journal of Physics: Conference Section (IOP Publishing), 8 pages and 1 figure
Intergenerational and Intragenerational Responsibility: How Does Environmental Law Deal with the Principle of Non-refoulement?
Creators: name: CILENTO, CINZIA
Publisher: name: Italian Sociological Review
Year: 2024

description: While intergenerational responsibility commonly refers to the satisfaction of the needs and demands of present and future generations (Roemer, 2007), intra-generational responsibility implies the concept of justice in a broad sense, for instance equity in measured terms of quality of life, availability of essential goods and access to equal opportunities according to capabilities and resources, guaranteed to each community member (Padilla, 2002). Both definitions are increasingly finding their way into constitutional environmental law and especially within the climate change debate, but in which respect are they interconnected? How do inter- and intra-generational responsibilities approach the issue of “climate refugees” and the principle of non-refoulement? The following paper aims to investigate what are the main features of environmental inter- and intragenerational responsibility and how normative developments related to the environmental law arena are equipped to embed intergenerational equity and the principle of non-refoulement through the case study of Ioane Teitiota, a farmer of the Republic of Kiribati who emigrated from the island of Tarawa to New Zealand prompting his displacement because of climate change.
description: Italian Sociological Review, Vol. 14 No. 3 (2024)