cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Characterization of Two-Particle Interference by Complementarity
Creators: name: Pathania, Neha
name: Qureshi, Tabish
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Bohr's Complementarity Principle is quantitatively formulated in terms of the distinguishability of various paths a quanton can take, and the measure of the interference it produces. This phenomenon results from the interference of single-quanton amplitudes for various paths. The distinguishability of paths puts a bound on the sharpness of the interference the quanton can produce. However there exist other kinds of quantum phenomena where interference of two-particle amplitudes results in a two-particle interference, if the particles are indistinguishable. The Hong-Ou-Mandel (HOM) effect and the Hanbury-Brown-Twiss (HBT) effect are two well known examples. However, two-particle interference is not as easy to define as its single particle counterpart, and the realization that it involves interference of two-particle amplitudes, came much later. In this work, a duality relation, between the particle distinguishability and the visibility of two-particle interference, is derived. The distinguishability of the two particles, arising from some internal degree of freedom, puts a bound on the sharpness of the two-particle interference they can produce, in a HOM or HBT kind of experiment. It is argued that the existence of this kind of complementarity can be used to characterize two-particle interference, which in turn leads one to the conclusion that the HOM and the HBT effects are equivalent in essence, and may be treated as a single two-particle interference phenonmenon.
description: Thoroughly revised and expanded, title changed. To appear in PRA
Simulation of Aqueous Solutes Using the Adaptive Solvent-Scaling (AdSoS) Scheme
Creators: name: Kubincová, Alzbeta
name: Riniker, Sereina
name: Hünenberger, Philippe Henry
Publisher: name: ETH Zurich
Year: 2023

description: The Adaptive Solvent-Scaling (AdSoS) scheme [J. Chem. Phys. 155 (2021) 094107] is an adaptive-resolution approach for performing simulations of a solute embedded in a fine- grained (FG) solvent region surrounded by a coarse-grained (CG) solvent region, with a continuous FG↔CG switching of the solvent resolution across a buffer layer. Instead of relying on a distinct CG solvent model, AdSoS is based on CG models defined by a dimensional scaling of the FG solvent by a factor s, accompanied by the s-dependent modulation of its mass and interaction parameters. The latter changes are designed to achieve an isomorphism between the dynamics of the FG and CG models, and to preserve the dispersive and dielectric solvation properties of the solvent with respect to a solute at FG resolution. As a result, the AdSoS scheme minimizes the thermodynamic mismatch between the different regions of the adaptive-resolution system. The present article generalizes the scheme initially introduced for a pure atomic liquid in slab geometry to more practically relevant situations involving: (i) a molecular dipolar solvent (e.g. water); (ii) a radial geometry (i.e. spherical rather than planar layers); and (iii) the inclusion of a solute (e.g. water molecule, dipeptide, ion or ion pair).
description: ChemRxiv
description: ISSN:2573-2293
title: A rare cause of cerebral calcifications: Fahr’s disease
Creators: name: Rajgarhia, Nipun
Publisher: name: EURORAD
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Neuroradiology
subject: CNS
subject: CT
subject: MR
subject: Calcifications / Calculi
subject: Clinical Case

description: Clinical History: A 68-year-old male presented to the medical OPD with complaints of ataxia, multiple episodes of falls while walking, and bed wetting for a one-year duration, with gradually progressive symptoms. On examination, the patient had shuffling gait, tremors, and cogwheel rigidity. Nerve conduction studies, parathyroid hormone assay and calcium studies were within normal limits.

description: 68 years, male
Additional file 1 of Impact of serum phosphate changes on in-hospital mortality
Creators: name: Charat Thongprayoon
name: Wisit Cheungpasitporn
name: Panupong Hansrivijit
name: Sorkko Thirunavukkarasu
name: Api Chewcharat
name: Medaura, Juan
name: Mao, Michael A.
name: Kashani, Kianoush B.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Plant Biology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Subgroup analysis based on in-hospital acute kidney injury status. Table S2. Subgroup analysis based on chronic kidney disease status. Table S3. Subgroup analysis based on end-stage kidney renal disease status.
Cognitive forces shape the dynamics of word usage across multiple languages
Creators: name: Pintos, Alejandro Pardo
name: Shalom, Diego E
name: Tagliazucchi, Enzo
name: Mindlin, Gabriel
name: Trevisan, Marcos A
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: The analysis of thousands of time series in different languages reveals that word usage presents oscillations with a prevalence of 16-year cycles, mounted on slowly varying trends. These components carry different information: while similar oscillatory patterns gather semantically related words, similar trends group together keywords representative of cultural and historical periods. We interpreted the regular oscillations as cycles of interest and saturation, whose behavior could be captured using a simple mathematical model. Driving the model with the empirical trends, we were able to explain word frequency traces across multiple languages throughout the last three centuries. Our results suggest that word frequency usage is poised at dynamical criticality, close to a Hopf bifurcation which signals the emergence of oscillatory dynamics. Crucially, our model explains the oscillatory synchronization observed within groups of words and provides an interpretation of this phenomenon in terms of the cultural context driving collective cognition. These findings contribute to unravel how our use of language is shaped by the interplay between human cognition and sociocultural forces.
description: 8 pages, 3 figures
ALPINIST: Axion-Like Particles In Numerous Interactions Simulated and Tabulated
Creators: name: Jerhot, Jan
name: Döbrich, Babette
name: Ertas, Fatih
name: Kahlhoefer, Felix
name: Spadaro, Tommaso
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Proton beam dump experiments are among the most promising strategies to search for light and feebly interacting states such as axion-like particles (ALPs). The interpretation of these experiments is however complicated by the wide range of ALP models and the multitude of different production and decay channels that can induce observable signals. Here we propose a new approach to this problem by separating the calculation of constraints and projected sensitivities into model-independent and model-dependent parts. The former rely on extensive Monte Carlo simulations of ALP production and decays, as well as estimates of the detection efficiencies based on simplified detector geometries. Once these simulations have been performed and tabulated, the latter parts only require simple analytical rescalings that can be performed using the public code ALPINIST released together with this work. We illustrate this approach by considering several ALP models with couplings to Standard Model gauge bosons. For the case of ALPs coupled to gluons we show that the sensitivity of proton beam dump experiments can be extended significantly by considering hadronic ALP decays into three-body final states.
description: 24 pages + appendices, 7 figures, ALPINIST code available at https://github.com/jjerhot/ALPINIST/
Naturalistic Experiment for Surface Transportation: A Study of Snowplow Lighting under Winter Conditions
Creators: Wong, Andy H.
Sharma, Davesh
Kilani, Omar
Rad, Faeze Momeni
Wong, Stephen D.
Kwon, Tae J.
El-Basyouny, Karim
Publisher: name: University of Alberta Library
Year: 2025

Inclement winter weather poses a safety risk to all road users, primarily due to roads covered with snow or ice and substantially reduced visibility. The winter road maintenance vehicles used are often larger and slower moving than the surrounding traffic and often become a hazard themselves. To enhance visibility and safety, agencies equip their fleets with lighting to make them more visible to the surrounding motorists. In Alberta, Canada, the use of amber-only lights is currently permitted for maintenance vehicles. To evaluate whether the addition of light colors could measurably improve road safety for snowplow trucks and motorists, we conducted a human reaction field study (n=384 trials) and a general public survey (n=454 participants), testing several combinations of light colors. The field experiment revealed that amber-only lights resulted in slower reaction times, whereas amber-blue and amber-white performed better. Survey results demonstrated a preference for amber-white lighting, which was deemed the most effective setup. The survey also indicated that lighting perception varies across age, gender, and specific types of driver’s license among demographics. While this research identifies optimal lighting configurations and underscores targeted policy-making and operational strategies, its direct impact on road safety remains to be determined. It is possible that shorter perception/reaction times given the lighting changes could reduce the number of collisions. Incorporating these results into existing practices could potentially enhance road safety standards, making winter roads safer across jurisdictions in North America.
Multi-time structure functions and the Lagrangian scaling of turbulence
Creators: name: Angriman, Sofía
name: Mininni, Pablo D.
name: Cobelli, Pablo J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We define and characterize multi-time Lagrangian structure functions using data stemming from two swirling flows with mean flow and turbulent fluctuations: A Taylor-Green numerical flow, and a von Kármán laboratory experiment. Data is obtained from numerical integration of tracers in the former case, and from three-dimensional particle tracking velocimetry measurements in the latter. Multi-time statistics are shown to decrease the contamination of large scales in the inertial range scaling. A time scale at which contamination from the mean flow becomes dominant is identified, with this scale separating two different Lagrangian scaling ranges. The results from the multi-time structure functions also indicate that Lagrangian intermittency is not a result of large-scale flow effects. The multi-time Lagrangian structure functions can be used without prior knowledge of the forcing mechanisms or boundary conditions, allowing their application in different flow geometries.
Additional file 1 of Energy transmission in mechanically ventilated children: a translational study
Creators: name: Kneyber, Martin C. J.
name: Ilia, Stavroula
name: Koopman, Alette A.
name: Schelven, Patrick Van
name: Jefta Van Dijk
name: Burgerhof, Johannes G. M.
name: Markhorst, Dick G.
name: Blokpoel, Robert G. T.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 1. Electronic Supplemental Material To Energy transmission in mechanically ventilated children: a translational study. Methodology of the bench test.
Constraining the Milky Way halo kinematics via its Linear Response to the Large Magellanic Cloud
Creators: name: Rozier, Simon
name: Famaey, Benoit
name: Siebert, Arnaud
name: Monari, Giacomo
name: Pichon, Christophe
name: Ibata, Rodrigo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We model the response of spherical, non-rotating Milky Way (MW) dark matter and stellar halos to the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC) using the matrix method of linear response theory. Our computations reproduce the main features of the dark halo response from simulations. We show that these features can be well separated by a harmonic decomposition: the large scale over/underdensity in the halo (associated with its reflex motion) corresponds to the $\ell=1$ terms, and the local overdensity to the $\ell\geq2$ multipoles. Moreover, the dark halo response is largely dominated by the first order 'forcing' term, with little influence from self-gravity. This makes it difficult to constrain the underlying velocity distribution of the dark halo using the observed response of the stellar halo, but it allows us to investigate the response of stellar halo models with various velocity anisotropies: a tangential (respectively radial) halo produces a shallower (respectively stronger) response. We also show that only the local wake is responsible for these variations, the reflex motion being solely dependent on the MW potential. Therefore, we identify the structure (orientation and winding) of the in-plane quadrupolar ($m=2$) response as a potentially good probe of the stellar halo anisotropy. Finally, our method allows us to tentatively relate the wake strength and shape to resonant effects: the strong radial response could be associated with the inner Lindblad resonance, and the weak tangential one with corotation.
description: 24 pages, 13 figures. Submitted to ApJ
Additional file 1 of Decreased intrinsic excitability of cerebellar Purkinje cells following optokinetic learning in mice
Creators: name: Kim, Yong Gyu
name: Kim, Sang Jeong
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1. Supplementary Methods.
Building and Supporting Humanities-Based University–industry Partnerships: View from the Academics
Creators: name: Siemens, Lynne
name: Group, INKE
Publisher: name: HSSCommons
Year: 2021
Subjects: Digital Humanities

description:
University–industry partnerships are rare on the humanities side of campus in contrast to the sciences. As a result, little is known about these partnerships, which tend to be with libraries and other not-for-profit organizations. Using the Implementing New Knowledge Environments: Network Open Social Scholarship (INKE:NOSS) as a case study, this research examines a humanities-based university–industry partnership from the academics’ perspective. It explores the nature of the collaboration, associated benefits and challenges, and measures of success and desired outcomes. Overall, building upon several years of working with the partners, the interviewed researchers found that the benefits of collaborating outweighed the challenges. The benefits included the potential to move research towards production-orientated results. Among the many challenges, there was some hesitation about the ability to achieve publications and presentations needed for tenure and promotion. The academics contributed students, and in-kind and cash resources from their own research funds and those of the university to the partnership. At this point, the measures of success and desirable outcomes have not been quantified and instead focus on policy intervention and movement towards open social scholarship. These understandings about the nature of such a university–industry collaboration should provide a good foundation if partnership is funded.
Enhancing distributed sensing with imperfect error correction
Creators: name: Zhou, Boyu
name: Brady, Anthony J.
name: Zhuang, Quntao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Entanglement has shown promise in enhancing information processing tasks in a sensor network, via distributed quantum sensing protocols. As noise is ubiquitous in sensor networks, error correction schemes based on Gottesman, Kitaev and Preskill (GKP) states are required to enhance the performance, as shown in [New J. Phys. 22, 022001 (2020)] assuming homogeneous noise among sensors and perfect GKP states. Here, we extend the analyses of performance enhancement to finite squeezed GKP states in a heterogeneous noise model. To begin with, we study different concatenation schemes of GKP-two-mode-squeezing codes. While traditional sequential concatenation schemes in previous works do improve the suppression of noise, we propose a balanced concatenation scheme that outperforms the sequential scheme in presence of finite GKP squeezing. We then apply these results to two specific tasks in distributed quantum sensing -- parameter estimation and hypothesis testing -- to understand the trade-off between imperfect squeezing and performance. For the former task, we consider an energy-constrained scenario and provide an optimal way to distribute the energy of the finite squeezed GKP states among the sensors. For the latter task, we show that the error probability can still be drastically lowered via concatenation of realistic finite squeezed GKP codes.
description: 12 pages, 8 figures
Statistical time-domain characterization of non-periodic optical clocks
Creators: name: Cilluffo, Dario
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Measuring time means counting the occurrence of periodic phenomena. Over the past centuries a major effort was put to make stable and precise oscillators to be used as clock regulators. Here we consider a different class of clocks based on stochastic clicking processes. We provide a rigorous statistical framework to study the performances of such devices and apply our results to a single coherently driven two-level atom under photodetection as an extreme example of non-periodic clock. Quantum Jump MonteCarlo simulations and photon counting waiting time distribution will provide independent checks on the main results.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures
Building Alternative Scholarly Publishing Capacity: The Renaissance Knowledge Network (ReKN) as Digital Production Hub
Creators: name: Powell, Daniel
name: Siemens, Ray
Publisher: name: HSSCommons
Year: 2021
Subjects: Digital Humanities

description:
The Renaissance Knowledge Network (ReKN) is a major scholarly initiative designed to develop digital capacity within early modern studies. In this paper, we present an outline for the development of ReKN as an integrated scholarly research environment devoted to early modern scholarship. Additionally, we focus extensively on the prospects for scholarly production within such a holistic environment in the form of editions, criticism, and middle-state publication.
Scintillation of Partially Coherent Light in Time Varying Complex Media
Creators: name: Garnier, Josselin
name: Solna, Knut
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60H15, 35R60, 74J20

description: We present a theory for wave scintillation in the situation with a time-dependent partially coherent source and a time-dependent randomly heterogeneous medium. Our objective is to understand how the scintillation index of the measured intensity depends on the source and medium parameters. We deduce from an asymptotic analysis of the random wave equation a general form of the scintillation index and we evaluate this in various scaling regimes. The scintillation index is a fundamental quantity that is used to analyze and optimize imaging and communication schemes. Our results are useful to quantify the scintillation index under realistic propagation scenarios and to address such optimization challenges.
description: 28 pages
Constraints on Population I/II neutron star-black hole binary formation by gravitational wave and radio observations
Creators: name: Kinugawa, Tomoya
name: Nakamura, Takashi
name: Nakano, Hiroyuki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Two neutron star (NS)-black hole (BH) binaries, GW200105 and GW200115 found in the LIGO/Virgo O3b run have smaller BH mass of 6--9\,$M_{\odot}$ which is consistent with Population I and II origin. Our population synthesis simulations using $10^6$ Population I and II binaries with appropriate initial parameters show consistent binary mass, event rate, and no detection of radio pulsar (PSR) and BH binaries in our galaxy so far. Especially, we found possible progenitors of GW200105 and GW200115 which were formed at redshift $z=0.15$ and $z=1.6$ with binary mass of $(34M_{\odot},\, 9.2M_{\odot})$ and $(23.7M_{\odot},\, 10.6M_{\odot})$, respectively. The final masses of these binaries are $(6.85M_{\odot},\,2.14M_{\odot})$ and $(6.04M_{\odot},\,1.31M_{\odot})$ which look like $(9.0_{-1.7}^{+1.7}M_{\odot},\, 1.91_{-0.24}^{+0.33}M_{\odot})$ of GW200105 and $(5.9_{-2.5}^{+2.0}M_{\odot},\,1.44_{-0.29}^{+0.85}M_{\odot})$ of GW200115, respectively. We also estimate that 2.68-19.7 PSR-BH binaries in our galaxy will be observed by SKA. The existence of NS-BHs in our galaxy can be confirmed in future SKA era. Using the GW observation of NS-BH mergers and the radio observation of PSR-BHs in future, we can get more severe constraints on the NS-BH formation process.
description: Comments welcome. Accepted for publication of MNRAS Letter
Small bowel ischemia as the initial manifestation of vasculitis
Creators: name: Tonolini, Massimo
Publisher: name: EURORAD
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Small bowel
subject: CT
subject: MR
subject: Plain radiographic studies
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Ischaemia / Infarction

description: Clinical History Image Findings Discussion Find Diagnosis Differential Diagnosis
description: female, 50 years
description: Clinical History: Middle-aged woman presenting to emergency department with nausea and vomiting, left lower quadrant abdominal pain and tenderness, without peritonism at physical examination. History included appendectomy, uterine myomectomy and fibromyalgia. Laborat... Final Diagnosis: Small bowel ischemia from underlying vasculitis.
Constraints on Single-Field Inflation from the BOSS Galaxy Survey
Creators: name: Cabass, Giovanni
name: Ivanov, Mikhail M.
name: Philcox, Oliver H. E.
name: Simonović, Marko
name: Zaldarriaga, Matias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Non-local primordial non-Gaussianity (NLPNG) is a smoking gun of interactions in single-field inflationary models, and can be written as a combination of the equilateral and orthogonal templates. We present the first constraints on these from the redshift-space galaxy power spectra and bispectra of the Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (BOSS) data. These are the first such measurements independent of the cosmic microwave background fluctuations. We perform a consistent analysis that includes all necessary nonlinear corrections generated by NLPNG, and vary all relevant cosmological and nuisance parameters in a global fit to the data. Our conservative analysis yields joint limits on the amplitudes of the equilateral and orthogonal shapes, $f_{\rm NL}^{\rm equil}=940\pm 600$, $f_{\rm NL}^{\rm ortho}= -170\pm 170$ (both at 68\% CL). These can be used to derive constraints on coefficients of the effective single-field inflationary Lagrangian; in particular, we find that the sound speed of inflaton fluctuations has the bound $c_s\geq 0.013$ at 95\% CL. Fixing the quadratic galaxy bias and cosmological parameters, the constraints can be tightened to $f_{\rm NL}^{\rm equil}=260\pm 300$, $f_{\rm NL}^{\rm ortho}= -23\pm 120$ (68\% CL).
description: 6+7 pages, 2+3 figures, 0+1 table, code available at github.com/Michalychforever/CLASS-PT, with custom MontePython likelihoods available at github.com/oliverphilcox/full_shape_likelihoods
The Balance between On-line and In-person Interactions: Methods for the Development of Digital Humanities Collaboration
Creators: name: Siemens, Lynne
Publisher: name: HSSCommons
Year: 2022
Subjects: Digital humanities

description:
This paper explores the role of both digital and in-person collaboration tools and considers the need for a balance between these within the context of Digital Humanities (DH) research teams. First, the uses, benefits and trade-offs of various communication channels are outlined. From there, the application of these various channels within DH research teams and their impact on collaboration will be explored by drawing upon interviews with members of DH teams. Best practices and recommendations for DH research teams and funding agencies will conclude the paper.
Peribiliary cysts - a morphologic mimicker
Creators: name: Gomes, Fernanda
Publisher: name: EURORAD
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Abdomen
subject: CT
subject: Education
subject: Cysts

description: Clinical History Image Findings Discussion Find Diagnosis Differential Diagnosis
description: male, 74 years
description: Clinical History: A 74-year-old man was referred to the hospital for further evaluation of a suspected biliary duct dilatation. The patient had a significant history of chronic alcohol consumption (>40g/ day) for about 20 years. There were no significant findings on phy... Final Diagnosis: Peribiliary cysts
Additional file 1 of Compliance of primary and secondary care public hospitals with standard practices for reprocessing and steam sterilization of reusable medical devices in Nepal: findings from nation-wide multicenter clustered audits
Creators: name: Panta, Gopal
name: Richardson, Ann K.
name: Shaw, Ian C.
name: Coope, Patricia A.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1. Audit tool for medical device reprocessing and steam sterilization practices
Photometry on Structured Backgrounds: Local Pixelwise Infilling by Regression
Creators: name: Saydjari, Andrew K.
name: Finkbeiner, Douglas P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Photometric pipelines struggle to estimate both the flux and flux uncertainty for stars in the presence of structured backgrounds such as filaments or clouds. However, it is exactly stars in these complex regions that are critical to understanding star formation and the structure of the interstellar medium. We develop a method, similar to Gaussian process regression, which we term local pixelwise infilling (LPI). Using a local covariance estimate, we predict the background behind each star and the uncertainty on that prediction in order to improve estimates of flux and flux uncertainty. We show the validity of our model on synthetic data and real dust fields. We further demonstrate that the method is stable even in the crowded field limit. While we focus on optical-IR photometry, this method is not restricted to those wavelengths. We apply this technique to the 34 billion detections in the second data release of the Dark Energy Camera Plane Survey (DECaPS2). In addition to removing many $>3σ$ outliers and improving uncertainty estimates by a factor of $\sim 2-3$ on nebulous fields, we also show that our method is well-behaved on uncrowded fields. The entirely post-processing nature of our implementation of LPI photometry allows it to easily improve the flux and flux uncertainty estimates of past as well as future surveys.
description: 22 pages, 15 pages, submitted to ApJ
Building A Social Edition of the Devonshire Manuscript
Creators: name: Crompton, Constance
name: Powell, Daniel
name: Arbuckle, Alyssa
name: Siemens, Ray
name: Shirley, Maggie
Publisher: name: HSSCommons
Year: 2021
Subjects: Digital Humanities

description:
This article describes the context and development of A Social Edition of the Devonshire Manuscript, a collaboratively created Wikibook edition of the sixteenth-century verse miscellany known as the Devonshire Manuscript (BL MS Add. 17,492). This project began in 2001 when Dr. Ray Siemens led a group of researchers in an exploration of how to create a digital edition of the Devonshire Manuscript. Since then, the project has transitioned through many forms and formats, and A Social Edition of the Devonshire Manuscript is the most recent output of these academic experiments. Of note, a print version of A Social Edition of the Devonshire Manuscript is forthcoming from Iter and Medieval and Renaissance Texts and Studies (MRTS).

Cet article retrace le contexte et le développement du projet A Social Edition of the Devonshire Manuscript, consistant en l’édition électronique (Wikibook) en collaboration d’un manuscrit du XVIe siècle de mélanges poétiques connu sous le nom de Devonshire Manuscript (BL MS Add. 17 492). Ce projet a été initié en 2001, lorsque le Dr Ray Siemens a dirigé un groupe de recherche explorant les possibilités de publier une édition numérique du Devonshire Manuscript. Depuis, le projet a pris plusieurs formes, et celui intitulé A Social Edition of the Devonshire Manuscript en est sa forme la plus récente issues des diverses expériences du groupe. Il doit être souligné que A Social Edition of the Devonshire Manuscript, sera bientôt publié en version imprimée par Iter et les Medieval and Renaissance Texts and Studies (MRTS).
Assortative Mixing in Weighted Directed Networks
Creators: name: Pigorsch, Uta
name: Sabek, Marc
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A network's assortativity is the tendency of vertices to bond with others based on similarities, usually excess vertex degree. In this paper we consider assortativity in weighted networks, both directed and undirected. To this end, we propose to consider excess vertex strength, rather than excess degree, and show, that assortativity in weighted networks can be broken down into two mechanisms, which we refer to as the connection effect and the amplification effect. To capture these effects we introduce a generalised assortativity coefficient. This new coefficient allows for a more detailed interpretation and assessment of assortativity in weighted networks. Furthermore, we propose a procedure to assess the statistical significance of assortativity using jackknife, bootstrap and rewiring techniques. The usefulness of our proposed generalised assortativity coefficient is demonstrated by an in-depth analysis of the assortativity structure of several weighted real-world networks.
description: 30 pages, 2 Figures, 2 Tables
Construction and the ergodicity properties of dual unitary quantum circuits
Creators: name: Borsi, Márton
name: Pozsgay, Balázs
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider one dimensional quantum circuits of the brickwork type, where the fundamental quantum gate is dual unitary. Such models are solvable: the dynamical correlation functions of the infinite temperature ensemble can be computed exactly. We review various existing constructions for dual unitary gates and we supplement them with new ideas in a number of cases. We discuss connections with various topics in physics and mathematics, including quantum information theory, tensor networks for the AdS/CFT correspondence (holographic error correcting codes), classical combinatorial designs (orthogonal Latin squares), planar algebras, and Yang-Baxter maps. Afterwards we consider the ergodicity properties of a special class of dual unitary models, where the local gate is a permutation matrix. We find an unexpected phenomenon: non-ergodic behaviour can manifest itself in multi-site correlations, even in those cases when the one-site correlation functions are fully chaotic (completely thermalizing). We also discuss the circuits built out of perfect tensors. They appear locally as the most chaotic and most scrambling circuits, nevertheless they can show global signs of non-ergodicity: if the perfect tensor is constructed from a linear map over finite fields, then the resulting circuit can show exact quantum revivals at unexpectedly short times. A brief mathematical treatment of the recurrence time in such models is presented in the Appendix by Roland Bacher and Denis Serre.
description: 17 pages, v2: minor modifications, references added, v3: minor modifications and formula (13) corrected
Subcapsular splenic hematoma - a rare complication of pancreatitis
Creators: name: Degrieck, Bert
Publisher: name: EURORAD
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Abdomen
subject: Pancreas
subject: Spleen
subject: CT
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Haemorrhage
subject: Inflammation

description: Clinical History Image Findings Discussion Find Diagnosis Differential Diagnosis
description: male, 60 years
description: Clinical History: A 60 year old male with a history of alcohol abuse and chronic pancreatitis was referred to the emergency department because of progressive and fluctuating pain in the left upper quadrant/flank combined with a fever, present for 3 weeks. Final Diagnosis: Subcapsular splenic hematoma as complication of invaginating pancreatic tail pseudocyst
Energetic bounds on gyrokinetic instabilities. Part II. Modes of optimal growth
Creators: name: Plunk, G. G.
name: Helander, Per
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce modes of instantaneous optimal growth of free energy for the fully electromagnetic gyrokinetic equations. We demonstrate how these "optimal modes" arise naturally from the free energy balance equation, allowing its convenient decomposition, and yielding a simple picture of energy flows. Optimal modes have a number of other favorable features, such as their low-dimensionality, efficiency of computation, and the fact that their growth rates provide a rigorous and "tight" upper bound on both the nonlinear growth rate of energy, and the linear growth rate of traditional gyrokinetic (normal mode) instabilities. We provide simple closed form solutions for the optimal growth rates in a number of asymptotic limits, and compare these with our previous bounds.
Bridging the Gap Between a Simple Set of Structured Documents and a Functional Digital Library
Creators: name: Schreibman, Susan
name: Bia, Alejandro
name: Kumar, Amit
name: Holmes, Martin
name: Siemens, Ray
name: Walsh, John
Publisher: name: HSSCommons
Year: 2021
Subjects: Digital Humanities

description:
Digital Libraries are complex systems that take a long time to create and tailor to specific requirements [1]. Their implementation requires specialized computer skills, which are not usually found within humanities text encoding projects. Many encoders working on text encoding projects find they cannot take their work to the next level by transforming their collections of structured XML [2] texts into a publishable web searchable and browsable service. Most often these teams find the way to encode their texts with a high degree of sophistication, but unless they have funds to hire computer programmers their collections remain on local disk storage away from public access.  is a novel tool designed with the aim of bridging the gap between simply having a collection of structured documents and having a functional digital library for public access via the web. The goal of this project is to build the tools to manage an extensible, modular and configurable XML-based repository which will house, search/browse on, and display documents encoded in TEI-Lite [3] on the World Wide Web.  provides an administrative interface that al- lows DL administrators to upload and delete documents from a web-accessible repository, analyze XML documents to determine elements for searching/browsing, refine ontology development, decide on inter and intra document links, partition the repository into collections, create backups of the entire repository, generate search/browse and display pages for users of the website, change the look of the interface, and associate XSL transformation scripts and CSS stylesheets to obtain different target outputs
Additional file 2 of The burden of legionnaires’ disease in Belgium, 2013 to 2017
Creators: name: Fastl, Christina
name: Devleesschauwer, Brecht
name: Cauteren, Dieter Van
name: Lajot, Adrien
name: Leroy, Mathias
name: Laisnez, Valeska
name: Schirvel, Carole
name: Mahieu, Romain
name: Pierard, Denis
name: Michel, Charlotte
name: Jacquinet, Stéphanie
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 2. Results of the Capture-Recapture Study.
Momentum Signatures of Site Percolation in Disordered 2D Ferromagnets
Creators: name: Tay, Daniel
name: Grémaud, Benoît
name: Miniatura, Christian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, we consider a two-dimensional square lattice of pinned magnetic spins with nearest-neighbour interactions and we randomly replace a fixed proportion of spins with nonmagnetic defects carrying no spin. We focus on the linear spin-wave regime and address the propagation of a spin-wave excitation with initial momentum $k_0$. We compute the disorder-averaged momentum distribution obtained at time $t$ and show that the system exhibits two regimes. At low defect density, typical disorder configurations only involve a single percolating magnetic cluster interspersed with single defects essentially and the physics is driven by Anderson localization. In this case, the momentum distribution features the emergence of two known emblematic signatures of coherent transport, namely the coherent backscattering (CBS) peak located at $-k_0$ and the coherent forward scattering (CFS) peak located at $k_0$. At long times, the momentum distribution becomes stationary. However, when increasing the defect density, site percolation starts to set in and typical disorder configurations display more and more disconnected clusters of different sizes and shapes. At the same time, the CFS peak starts to oscillate in time with well defined frequencies. These oscillation frequencies represent eigenenergy differences in the regular, disorder-immune, part of the Hamiltonian spectrum. This regular spectrum originates from the small-size magnetic clusters and its weight grows as the system undergoes site percolation and small clusters proliferate. Our system offers a unique spectroscopic signature of cluster formation in site percolation problems.
The Acorn of the Oak: A Stylistic Approach to Lexicographical Method in Cawdrey's A Table Alphabeticall
Creators: name: Siemens, Ray
Publisher: name: HSSCommons
Year: 2021
Subjects: Digital Humanities

description:
Robert Cawdrey's Table Alphabeticall holds a prominent place in the development of the dictionary in English; recognizing this, the original editors of the Oxford English Dictionary comment in their Historical Introduction that "To set Cawdrey's slim small volume of 1604 beside the completed Oxford Dictionary of 1933 is like placing the original acorn beside the oak that has grown out of it" (vi). To make even so humble a comparison is, perhaps, to exaggerate the lexicographical sophistication of English monolingual dictionaries at the time. Many were small glosses or lists of words, often specialized, which were defined briefly and usually by their synonyms. Cawdrey's Table, too, is a small dictionary by today's standards; the first edition contained only 2,543 headwords, and it grew in size with each of its three later editions (1609, 1613, 1617), ultimately to define 3,264 words. Yet Cawdrey's modest work of 1604 is the "first fully developed representative" of the monolingual English dictionary (Schäfer 1989: 7).
Additional file 4 of The burden of legionnaires’ disease in Belgium, 2013 to 2017
Creators: name: Fastl, Christina
name: Devleesschauwer, Brecht
name: Cauteren, Dieter Van
name: Lajot, Adrien
name: Leroy, Mathias
name: Laisnez, Valeska
name: Schirvel, Carole
name: Mahieu, Romain
name: Pierard, Denis
name: Michel, Charlotte
name: Jacquinet, Stéphanie
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 4. Outcome tree for Legionnaires’ disease in Belgium.
Beyond Remediation: The Role of Textual Studies in Implementing New Knowledge Environments
Creators: name: Galey, Alan
name: Cunningham, Richard
name: Nelson, Brent
name: Siemens, Ray
name: Werstine, Paul
name: Group, INKE
Publisher: name: HSSCommons
Year: 2021
Subjects: Digital Humanities

description:
This article considers the role of textual studies in a digital world and reviews the work of a particular group of digital textual scholars. Specifically, the article examines the work of the Textual Studies team at the Implementing New Knowledge Environments project (INKE.ca), a group of digital textual scholars working on user experience, interface design, and information management with the goal of better understanding how reading is changing in the context of digital media.  INKE’s work rethinks what the book can become and aims to generate prototypes to be shared on an open-source basis with the public.
Protocol for a systematic review of the bactericidal activity of silver nanoparticles on drug-resistant bacteria.
Creators: name: González, Linda
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Nanoparticles
Silver
Bacteria

description: (EN) As the field of nanomedicine grows, there is a greater need to understand the mechanisms of bactericidal action exerted by silver nanoparticles, considering the existence of more than one species of antibiotic-resistant bacteria. Given the above, the question arises: In what type of drug-resistant bacteria (Gram-positive or Gram-negative) are silver nanoparticles more effective as bactericides? ___ (SP) A medida que el campo de la nanomedicina crece, existe mayor necesidad de comprender los mecanismos de acción bactericida que ejercen las nanopartículas de plata, considerando la existencia de más de una especie de bacterias resistentes a antibióticos. Dado lo anterior, se formula la interrogante: ¿En qué tipo de bacterias resistentes a fármacos (Gram positivas o Gram negativas) son más efectivas las nanopartículas de plata como bactericidas?
description: {"references": ["[1] Y. N. Slavin, J. Asnis, U. O. H\u00e4feli, and H. Bach, \"Metal nanoparticles: Understanding the mechanisms behind antibacterial activity,\" J. Nanobiotechnology, vol. 15, no. 1, pp. 1\u201321, 2017, doi: 10.1186/s12951-017-0308-z.", "[2] B. Felden and V. Cattoira, \"Bacterial Adaptation to Antibiotics through Regulatory RNAs,\" Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., vol. 62, no. 5, pp. 1\u201311, 2018, doi: 10.1128/AAC.02503-17", "[3] T. Baygar, N. Sarac, A. Ugur, and I. R. Karaca, \"Antimicrobial characteristics and biocompatibility of the surgical sutures coated with biosynthesized silver nanoparticles,\" Bioorg. Chem., vol. 86, no. October 2018, pp. 254\u2013258, 2019, doi: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2018.12.034", "[4] B. Das et al., \"Green synthesized silver nanoparticles destroy multidrug resistant bacteria via reactive oxygen species mediated membrane damage,\" Arab. J. Chem., vol. 10, no. 6, pp. 862\u2013876, 2017, doi: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2015.08.008.", "[5] F. A. El-Gohary et al., \"Enhanced antibacterial activity of silver nanoparticles combined with hydrogen peroxide against multidrug-resistant pathogens isolated from dairy farms and beef slaughterhouses in egypt,\" Infect. Drug Resist., vol. 13, pp. 3485\u20133499, 2020, doi: 10.2147/IDR.S271261.", "[6] C. H. N. Barros, S. Fulaz, D. Stanisic, and L. Tasic, \"Biogenic nanosilver against multidrug-resistant bacteria (MDRB),\" Antibiotics, vol. 7, no. 3, pp. 1\u201325, 2018, doi: 10.3390/antibiotics7030069.", "[7] G. Franci et al., \"Silver nanoparticles as potential antibacterial agents,\" Molecules, vol. 20, no. 5, pp. 8856\u20138874, 2015, doi: 10.3390/molecules20058856."]}
The Time Domain Spectroscopic Survey: Changing-Look Quasar Candidates from Multi-Epoch Spectroscopy in SDSS-IV
Creators: name: Green, Paul J.
name: Pulgarin-Duque, Lina
name: Anderson, Scott F.
name: MacLeod, Chelsea L.
name: Eracleous, Michael
name: Ruan, John J.
name: Runnoe, Jessie
name: Graham, Matthew
name: Roulston, Benjamin R.
name: Schneider, Donald P.
name: Ahlf, Austin
name: Bizyaev, Dmitry
name: Brownstein, Joel R.
name: del Casal, Sonia Joesephine
name: Dodd, Sierra A.
name: Hoover, Daniel
name: Matt, Cayenne
name: Merloni, Andrea
name: Pan, Kaike
name: Ramirez, Arnulfo
name: Ridder, Margaret
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Active galactic nuclei (AGN) can vary significantly in their rest-frame optical/UV continuum emission, and with strong associated changes in broad line emission, on much shorter timescales than predicted by standard models of accretion disks around supermassive black holes. Most such ``changing-look'' or "changing-state" AGN -- and at higher luminosities, changing-look quasars (CLQs) -- have been found via spectroscopic follow-up of known quasars showing strong photometric variability. The Time Domain Spectroscopic Survey of SDSS-IV includes repeat spectroscopy of large numbers of previously-known quasars, many selected irrespective of photometric variability, and with spectral epochs separated by months to decades. Our visual examination of these repeat spectra for strong broad line variability yielded 61 newly-discovered CLQ candidates. We quantitatively compare spectral epochs to measure changes in continuum and H$β$ broad line emission, finding 19 CLQs, of which 15 are newly-recognized. The parent sample includes only broad line quasars, so our study tends to find objects that have dimmed, i.e., turn-off CLQs. However, we nevertheless find 4 turn-on CLQs that meet our criteria, albeit with broad lines in both dim and bright states. We study the response of H$β$ and MgII emission lines to continuum changes. The Eddington ratios of CLQs are low, and/or their H$β$ broad line width is large relative to the overall quasar population. Repeat quasar spectroscopy in the upcoming SDSS-V Black Hole Mapper program will reveal significant numbers of CLQs, enhancing our understanding of the frequency and duty-cycle of such strong variability, and the physics and dynamics of the phenomenon.
description: 37 pages, 14 figures, accepted by ApJ 23-May-2022