cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Investigation of P. Vivax Elimination via Mass Drug Administration
Creators: name: Anwar, Md Nurul
name: McCaw, James M.
name: Zarebski, Alexander E.
name: Hickson, Roslyn I.
name: Flegg, Jennifer A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Plasmodium vivax is the most geographically widespread malaria parasite due to its ability to remain dormant (as a hypnozoite) in the human liver and subsequently reactivate. Given the majority of P. vivax infections are due to hypnozoite reactivation, targeting the hypnozoite reservoir with a radical cure is crucial for achieving P. vivax elimination. Stochastic effects can strongly influence dynamics when disease prevalence is low or when the population size is small. Hence, it is important to account for this when modelling malaria elimination.cWe use a stochastic multiscale model of P. vivax transmission to study the impacts of multiple rounds of mass drug administration (MDA) with a radical cure, accounting for superinfection and hypnozoite dynamics. Our results indicate multiple rounds of MDA with a high-efficacy drug are needed to achieve a substantial probability of elimination. This work has the potential to help guide P. vivax elimination strategies by quantifying elimination probabilities for an MDA approach.
Modeling quantitative value of habitats for marine and estuarine populations
Creators: name: Eggleston, D.B.
name: Lipcius, R.N.
name: Rose, K.A.
name: Fodrie, F.J.
name: Vasconcelos, R.P.
name: van de Wolfshaar, K.E.
name: van der Meer, J.
Publisher: name: Frontiers Media S.A.
Year: 2019

description: Coastal habitats (e.g., seagrass beds, shallow mud, and sand flats) strongly influence survival, growth, and reproduction of marine fish and invertebrate species. Many of these species have declined over the past decades, coincident with widespread degradation of coastal habitats, such that an urgent need exists to model the quantitative value of coastal habitats to their population dynamics. For exploited species, demand for habitat considerations will increase as fisheries management contends with habitat issues in stock assessments and management in general moves toward a more ecosystem-based approach. The modeling of habitat function has, to date, been done on a case-by-case basis involving diverse approaches and types of population models, which has made it difficult to generalize about methods for incorporating habitat into population models. In this review, we offer guiding concepts for how habitat effects can be incorporated in population models commonly used to simulate the population dynamics of fish and invertebrate species. Many marine species share a similar life-history strategy as long-lived adults with indeterminate growth, high fecundity, a planktonic larval form, and benthic juveniles and adults using coastal habitats. This suite of life-history traits unites the marine species across the case studies, such that the population models can be adapted for other marine species. We categorize population models based on whether they are static or dynamic representations of population status, and for dynamic, further into unstructured, age/size class structured, and individual-based. We then use examples, with an emphasis on exploited species, to illustrate how habitat has been incorporated, implicitly (correlative) and explicitly (mechanistically), into each of these categories. We describe the methods used and provide details on their implementation and utility to facilitate adaptation of the approaches for other species and systems. We anticipate that our review can serve as a stimulus for more widespread use of population models to quantify the value of coastal habitats, so that their importance can be accurately realized and to facilitate cross-species and cross-system comparisons. Quantitative evaluation of habitat effects in population dynamics will increasingly be needed for traditional stock assessments, ecosystem-based management, conservation of at-risk habitats, and recovery of overexploited stocks that rely on critical coastal habitats during their life cycle.
Quasiparticle properties of a mobile impurity in a Bose-Einstein condensate
Creators: name: Christensen, Rasmus Søgaard
name: Levinsen, Jesper
name: Bruun, Georg M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop a systematic perturbation theory for the quasiparticle properties of a single impurity immersed in a Bose-Einstein condensate. Analytical results are derived for the impurity energy, the effective mass, and residue to third order in the impurity-boson scattering length. The energy is shown to depend logarithmically on the scattering length to third order, whereas the residue and effective mass are given by analytical power series. When the boson-boson scattering length equals the boson-impurity scattering length, the energy has the same structure as that of a weakly interacting Bose gas, including terms of the Lee-Huang-Yang and fourth order logarithmic form. Our results, which cannot be obtained within the canonical Fr{ö}hlich model of an impurity interacting with phonons, provide valuable benchmarks for many-body theories and for experiments.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures, Supplementary Information
ADESSE: Advice Explanations in Complex Repeated Decision-Making Environments
Creators: name: Schleibaum, Sören
name: Feng, Lu
name: Kraus, Sarit
name: Müller, Jörg P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In the evolving landscape of human-centered AI, fostering a synergistic relationship between humans and AI agents in decision-making processes stands as a paramount challenge. This work considers a problem setup where an intelligent agent comprising a neural network-based prediction component and a deep reinforcement learning component provides advice to a human decision-maker in complex repeated decision-making environments. Whether the human decision-maker would follow the agent's advice depends on their beliefs and trust in the agent and on their understanding of the advice itself. To this end, we developed an approach named ADESSE to generate explanations about the adviser agent to improve human trust and decision-making. Computational experiments on a range of environments with varying model sizes demonstrate the applicability and scalability of ADESSE. Furthermore, an interactive game-based user study shows that participants were significantly more satisfied, achieved a higher reward in the game, and took less time to select an action when presented with explanations generated by ADESSE. These findings illuminate the critical role of tailored, human-centered explanations in AI-assisted decision-making.
Automated Verification of Silq Quantum Programs using SMT Solvers
Creators: name: Lewis, Marco
name: Zuliani, Paolo
name: Soudjani, Sadegh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We present SilVer (Silq Verification), an automated tool for verifying behaviors of quantum programs written in Silq, which is a high-level programming language for quantum computing. The goal of the verification is to ensure correctness of the Silq quantum program against user-defined specifications using SMT solvers. We introduce a programming model that is based on a quantum RAM-style computer as an interface between Silq programs and SMT proof obligations, allowing for control of quantum operations using both classical and quantum conditions. Additionally, users can employ measurement flags within the specification to easily specify conditions that measurement results require to satisfy for being a valid behavior. We provide case studies on the verification of generating entangled states and multiple oracle-based algorithms.
description: 10 pages, to appear in the proceedings of IEEE QSW 2024
Observation of $γγ$ $\to$ $ττ$ in proton-proton collisions and limits on the anomalous electromagnetic moments of the $τ$ lepton
Creators: name: CMS Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The production of a pair of $τ$ leptons via photon-photon fusion, $γγ$ $\to$ $ττ$, is observed for the first time in proton-proton collisions, with a significance of 5.3 standard deviations. This observation is based on a data set recorded with the CMS detector at the LHC at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV and corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 138 fb$^{-1}$. Events with a pair of $τ$ leptons produced via photon-photon fusion are selected by requiring them to be back-to-back in the azimuthal direction and to have a minimum number of charged hadrons associated with their production vertex. The $τ$ leptons are reconstructed in their leptonic and hadronic decay modes. The measured fiducial cross section of $γγ$ $\to$ $ττ$ is $σ^\text{fid}_\text{obs}$ = 12.4 $^{+3.8}_{-3.1}$ fb. Constraints are set on the contributions to the anomalous magnetic moment ($a_τ$) and electric dipole moments ($d_τ$) of the $τ$ lepton originating from potential effects of new physics on the $γττ$ vertex: $a_τ$ = 0.0009 $_{-0.0031}^{+0.0032}$ and $\lvert d_τ\rvert$ $\lt$ 2.9 $\times$ 10$^{-17}$ $e\,$cm (95% confidence level), consistent with the standard model.
description: Replaced with the published version. Added the journal reference and the DOI. All the figures and tables, including additional supplementary figures, can be found at http://cms-results.web.cern.ch/cms-results/public-results/publications/SMP-23-005 (CMS Public Pages)
Electronic Spectra from TDDFT and Machine Learning in Chemical Space
Creators: name: Ramakrishnan, Raghunathan
name: Hartmann, Mia
name: Tapavicza, Enrico
name: von Lilienfeld, O. Anatole
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Due to its favorable computational efficiency time-dependent (TD) density functional theory (DFT) enables the prediction of electronic spectra in a high-throughput manner across chemical space. Its predictions, however, can be quite inaccurate. We resolve this issue with machine learning models trained on deviations of reference second-order approximate coupled-cluster singles and doubles (CC2) spectra from TDDFT counterparts, or even from DFT gap. We applied this approach to low-lying singlet-singlet vertical electronic spectra of over 20 thousand synthetically feasible small organic molecules with up to eight CONF atoms. The prediction errors decay monotonously as a function of training set size. For a training set of 10 thousand molecules, CC2 excitation energies can be reproduced to within $\pm$0.1 eV for the remaining molecules. Analysis of our spectral database via chromophore counting suggests that even higher accuracies can be achieved. Based on the evidence collected, we discuss open challenges associated with data-driven modeling of high-lying spectra, and transition intensities.
Emergent intraspecific multiple predator effects shape estuarine trophic dynamics across a gradient of habitat complexity
Creators: name: Heck, K.L.
name: Powers, S.P.
name: Fodrie, F.J.
name: Livernois, M.C.
Publisher: name: Elsevier B.V.
Year: 2019

description: Estuarine ecosystems are characterized by heterogeneity in species assemblages and habitat complexity, so prey in these systems are often threatened by multiple predators across a mosaic of habitats. When several predator species or conspecifics co-occur, behavioral interactions between them can introduce non-independence to their predator-prey dynamics, which can alter the fate of shared prey. Habitat complexity may regulate these interactions and further impact prey survivorship. We conducted an experiment that manipulated the densities and identities of two ecologically similar estuarine-dependent predators, Red Drum (Sciaenops ocellatus) and Spotted Seatrout (Cynoscion nebulosus), within three habitat complexities. The resulting survivorships of two shared prey types were utilized to determine whether these predators are substitutable, to examine their inter- and intra-specific trophic interactions, and to investigate the impact of habitat structural complexity on their trophic dynamics. The predators differed in their prey preferences and predation pressures, indicating they are generally not substitutable. Interactions between conspecific predators were particularly important in shaping trophic dynamics, and often resulted in combined predation impacts that either enhanced or reduced the survivorship of shared prey as compared to expected values based on foraging rates of individuals. Minimal evidence of interspecific trophic interactions was detected. The observed emergent multiple predator effects differed among the habitats, and were generally intense in intermediate habitat complexity but were either intense or weak in high habitat complexity, depending on the predator combination. These results collectively indicate that prey regulation in this estuarine trophic system is highly dependent on the predator-prey assemblage and habitat context, and enhances our understanding of how multiple predators interactively shape their shared ecosystem.
Arrenurus (Arrenurus) beschi Lundblad 1969
Creators: name: SAVATENALINTON, SUKONTHIP
name: SMIT, HARRY
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Trombidiformes
Arrenuridae
Arrenurus
Arrenurus beschi

description: Arrenurus (Arrenurus) beschi Lundblad, 1969
Material examined. 1/0/0/, Lam Sam Lai Reservoir, Nakhom Ratchasima Province, 14° 40.240ʹ N, 101° 52.516ʹ E, 31-x-2010.
Remarks. Arrenurus beschi was previously known from Burma only (Lundblad 1969). Thus, the present record here is the first time for Thailand.
description: Published as part of SAVATENALINTON, SUKONTHIP & SMIT, HARRY, 2017, New records of water mites from standing waters in Thailand, with the description of nine new species (Acari: Hydrachnidia), pp. 69-91 in Zootaxa 4312 (1) on page 84, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4312.1.3, http://zenodo.org/record/852086
T-Count Optimizing Genetic Algorithm for Quantum State Preparation
Creators: name: Wright, Andrew
name: Lewis, Marco
name: Zuliani, Paolo
name: Soudjani, Sadegh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Quantum state preparation is a crucial process within numerous quantum algorithms, and the need for efficient initialization of quantum registers is ever increasing as demand for useful quantum computing grows. The problem arises as the number of qubits to be initialized grows, the circuits required to implement the desired state also exponentially increase in size leading to loss of fidelity to noise. This is mainly due to the susceptibility to environmental effects of the non-Clifford T gate, whose use should thus be reduced as much as possible. In this paper, we present and utilize a genetic algorithm for state preparation circuits consisting of gates from the Clifford + T gate set and optimize them in T-Count as to reduce the impact of noise. Whilst the method presented here does not always produce the most accurate circuits in terms of fidelity, it can generate high-fidelity, non-trivial quantum states such as quantum Fourier transform states. In addition, our algorithm does automatically generate fault tolerantly implementable solutions where the number of the most error prone components is reduced. We present an evaluation of the algorithm when trialed against preparing random, Poisson probability distribution, W, GHZ, and quantum Fourier transform states. We also experimentally demonstrate the scalability issues as qubit count increases, which highlights the need for further optimization of the search process.
description: To appear in IEEE QSW 2024 proceedings
Magnetic reconnection between small-scale loops observed with the New Vacuum Solar Telescope
Creators: name: Yang, Shuhong
name: Zhang, Jun
name: Xiang, Yongyuan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using the high tempo-spatial resolution H$α$ images observed with the New Vacuum Solar Telescope, we report the solid observational evidence of magnetic reconnection between two sets of small-scale anti-parallel loops with an X-shaped topology. The reconnection process contains two steps: a slow step with the duration of more than several tens of minutes, and a rapid step lasting for only about three minutes. During the slow reconnection, two sets of anti-parallel loops reconnect gradually, and new loops are formed and stacked together. During the rapid reconnection, the anti-parallel loops approach each other quickly, and then the rapid reconnection takes place, resulting in the disappearance of former loops. In the meantime, new loops are formed and separate. The region between the approaching loops is brightened, and the thickness and length of this region are determined to be about 420 km and 1.4 Mm, respectively. During the rapid reconnection process, obvious brightenings at the reconnection site and apparent material ejections outward along reconnected loops are observed. These observed signatures are consistent with predictions by reconnection models. We suggest that the successive slow reconnection changes the conditions around the reconnection site and triggers instabilities, thus leading to the rapid approach of the anti-parallel loops and resulting in the rapid reconnection.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures; accepted for publication in ApJL
Data for: Host shift promotes divergent evolution between closely related holoparasitic species
Creators: name: Zhang, Jiayin
name: Huang, Zihao
name: Fu, Weirui
name: Zhang, Chi
name: Zan, Ting
name: Nan, Peng
name: Li, Linfeng
name: Song, Zhiping
name: Zhang, Wenju
name: Yang, Ji
name: Wang, Yuguo
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Boschniakia
holoparasitism
Horizontal gene transfer
Mitogenome
plastome degradation
transcriptome

description: Distinct hosts have been hypothesized to possess the potential for affecting species differentiation and genome evolution of parasitic organisms. However, what host shift history is experienced by the closely related parasites and whether disparate evolution of their genomes occur remain largely unknown. Here, we screened horizontal gene transfer (HGT) events in a pair of sister species of holoparasitic Boschniakia (Orobanchaceae) having obligate hosts from distinct families to recall the former host-parasite associations and performed a comparative analysis to investigate the difference of their organelle genomes. Except these from present hosts (Ericaceae and Betulaceae), a number of HGTs from Rosaceae were identified to support the occurrence of unexpected ancient host shifts. Different hosts transfer functional genes which changed nuclear genomes of the sister species. Similarly, different donors transfer sequences to their mitogenomes which size varies due to foreign and repetitive elements rather than other factors found in other parasites. The plastomes are both severely reduced, but the extent of differences in reduction syndrome is near to the genus level. Our findings provide new insights into the genome evolution of parasites adapting different hosts and extend the mechanism of host shift promoting species differentiation to parasitic plant lineages.
description: Funding provided by: National Natural Sciences Foundation grants of China*
Crossref Funder Registry ID:
Award Number: 31870202Funding provided by: National Natural Sciences Foundation grants of China*
Crossref Funder Registry ID:
Award Number: 31370248
Flat space spinning massive amplitudes from momentum space CFT
Creators: name: Marotta, Raffaele
name: Skenderis, Kostas
name: Verma, Mritunjay
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the flat space limit of AdS using the momentum space representation of CFT correlators. The flat space limit involves sending the AdS radius and the dimensions of operators dual to massive fields to infinity while also scaling appropriately the sources of the dual operators. In this limit, d-dimensional CFT correlators become (d+1)-dimensional scattering amplitudes. We exemplify our discussion with the computation of the flat-space limit of the CFT 3-point function of a conserved current, a non-conserved charged vector operator and its conjugate. The flat-space limit should yield the scattering amplitude of an Abelian gauge field with two massive vector fields. This scattering amplitude computes the electromagnetic form factors of the electromagnetic current in a spin-1 state, and these form factors encode the electromagnetic properties of the massive vector field (charge, magnetic moment and quadruple moment). In terms of the CFT, the flat-space limit amounts to zooming in the infrared region of the triple-K integrals that determine the 3-point function, while also scaling to infinity the order of (some of) the Bessel functions that feature in the triple-K integrals. In this limit the triple-K integral becomes proportional to the energy-preserving delta function, and the flat space limit correctly yields the corresponding flat space scattering amplitude in complete detail.
description: Version published in JHEP
Religious Heritography and Sustainable Tourism in the Middle Lands: insights from the Italian Alps
Creators: name: Cerutti, Stefania
Publisher: name: Semestrale di studi e ricerche di geografia
Year: 2022

description: Nel quadro della cosiddetta heritography, che unisce heritage e geografia, il contributo si propone di indagare la profonda relazione che intercorre tra il patrimonio culturale religioso locale e lo spazio geografico delle Terre di Mezzo, così come visto e percepito dalle comunità locali. Coinvolti nel progetto Comuniterràe/Commonlands, 300 abitanti di dieci comunità montane del Parco Nazionale della Val Grande in Piemonte (Italia), si sono attivati nella co-progettazione e gestione di iniziative culturali e turistiche, valorizzando il patrimonio materiale e immateriale locale. Le risorse religiose rurali, sparse e nascoste trovano nuovi modi per raccontare il valore delle componenti religiose alpine e della religiosità popolare, rendendo i loro paesaggi luoghi in cui i turisti possano vivere esperienze spirituali ed emotive autentiche e partecipate dalle stesse comunità.
description: Semestrale di studi e ricerche di geografia, N. 2 (2022)
Accurate and efficient computation of the Kohn-Sham orbital kinetic energy density in the full-potential linearized augmented plane wave method
Creators: name: Ye, Lin-Hui
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Kohn-Sham orbital kinetic energy density $τ_σ(\vec{r}) = \sum_{i} w_{iσ} \big|\nabla ψ_{iσ}(\vec{r}) \big|^2$ is one fundamental quantity for constructing meta-generalized gradient approximations (meta-GGA) for use by density functional theory. We present a computational scheme of $τ_σ(\vec{r})$ for full-potential linearized augmented plane wave method. Our scheme is highly accurate and efficient and easy to implement to existing computer code. To illustrate its performance, we construct the Becke-Johnson meta-GGA exchange potentials for Be, Ne, Mg, Ar, Ca, Zn, Kr, Cd atoms which are in very good agreement with the original results. For bulk solids, we construct the Tran-Blaha modified Becke-Johnson potential (mBJ) and confirm its capability to calculate band gaps, with the reported bad convergence of the mBJ potential being substantially improved. The present computational scheme of $τ_σ(\vec{r})$ should also be valuable for developing other meta-GGA's in FLAPW as well as in similar methods utilizing atom centered basis functions.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures
A game with divisors and absolute differences of exponents
Creators: name: Cobeli, Cristian
name: Zaharescu, Alexandru
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary 11B85, Secondary 39A10

description: In this work, we discuss a number game that develops in a manner similar to that on which Gilbreath's conjecture on iterated absolute differences between consecutive primes is formulated. In our case the action occurs at the exponent level and there, the evolution is reminiscent of that in a final Ducci game. We present features of the whole field of the game created by the successive generations, prove an analog of Gilbreath's conjecture, and raise some open questions.
description: 14 pages, 7 figures, 1 table
Hofstadter spectrum of Chern bands in twisted transition metal dichalcogenides
Creators: name: Kolář, Kryštof
name: Yang, Kang
name: von Oppen, Felix
name: Mora, Christophe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the topological bands in twisted bilayer transition metal dichalcogenides in an external magnetic field. We first focus on a paradigmatic model of WSe$_2$, which can be described in an adiabatic approximation as particles moving in a periodic potential and an emergent periodic magnetic field with nonzero average. We understand the magnetic-field dependent spectra of WSe$_2$ based on the point net zero flux, at which the external field cancels the average emergent field. At this point, the band structure interpolates between the tightly-bound and nearly-free (weak periodic potential) paradigms as the twist angle increases. For small twist angles, the energy levels in a magnetic field mirror the Hofstadter butterfly of the Haldane model. For larger twist angles, the isolated Chern band at zero flux evolves from nearly-free bands at the point of net zero flux. We also apply our framework to a realistic model of twisted bilayer MoTe$_2$, which has recently been suggested to feature higher Landau level analogs. We show that at negative unit flux per unit cell, the bands exhibit remarkable similarity to a backfolded parabolic dispersion, even though the adiabatic approximation is inapplicable. This backfolded parabolic dispersion naturally explains the similarity of the Chern bands at zero applied flux to the two lowest Landau levels, offering a simple picture supporting the emergence of non-Abelian states in twisted bilayer MoTe$_2$. We propose the study of magnetic field dependent band structures as a versatile method to investigate the nature of topological bands and identify Landau level analogs.
description: Published version
MPSDynamics.jl: Tensor network simulations for finite-temperature (non-Markovian) open quantum system dynamics
Creators: name: Lacroix, Thibaut
name: Dé, Brieuc Le
name: Riva, Angela
name: Dunnett, Angus J.
name: Chin, Alex W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The MPSDynamics.jl package provides an easy to use interface for performing open quantum systems simulations at zero and finite temperatures. The package has been developed with the aim of studying non-Markovian open system dynamics using the state-of-the-art numerically exact Thermalized-Time Evolving Density operator with Orthonormal Polynomials Algorithm (T-TEDOPA) based on environment chain mapping. The simulations rely on a tensor network representation of the quantum states as matrix product states (MPS) and tree tensor network (TTN) states. Written in the Julia programming language, MPSDynamics.jl is a versatile open-source package providing a choice of several variants of the Time-Dependent Variational Principle (TDVP) method for time evolution (including novel bond-adaptive one-site algorithms). The package also provides strong support for the measurement of single and multi-site observables, as well as the storing and logging of data, which makes it a useful tool for the study of many-body physics. It currently handles long-range interactions, time-dependent Hamiltonians, multiple environments, bosonic and fermionic environments, and joint system-environment observables.
description: 11 pages, 3 figures
Tensor decomposition: A versatile method for heterogeneous biological data fusion
Creators: name: Tsuyuzaki, Koki
Publisher: name: F1000 Research Limited
Year: 2020

description: Data in life sciences are diverse, and it is challenging to know how to represent these heterogeneous datasets, what algorithms to apply to relate them to each other, and how to make biological interpretations of such datasets. In this talk, we will introduce tensor decomposition as a potential unified framework to solve these problems. Next, we will introduce scTensor package, which is an application of tensor decomposition to single-cell RNA-seq datasets. Finally, we will introduce DelayedTensor package, which is an out-of-core and sparse implementation of tensor format to deal with extremely large-scaled tensor data.
Degradation-based residual life prediction under different environments
Creators: name: Zhou, Rensheng
name: Serban, Nicoleta
name: Gebraeel, Nagi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Degradation modeling has traditionally relied on historical signals to estimate the behavior of the underlying degradation process. Many models assume that these historical signals are acquired under the same environmental conditions and can be observed along the entire lifespan of a component. In this paper, we relax these assumptions and present a more general statistical framework for modeling degradation signals that may have been collected under different types of environmental conditions. In addition, we consider applications where the historical signals are not necessarily observed continuously, that is, historical signals are sparse or fragmented. We consider the case where historical degradation signals are collected under known environmental states and another case where the environmental conditions are unknown during the acquisition of these historical data. For the first case, we use a classification algorithm to identify the environmental state of the units operating in the field. In the second case, a clustering step is required for clustering the historical degradation signals. The proposed model can provide accurate predictions of the lifetime or residual life distributions of engineering components that are still operated in the field. This is demonstrated by using simulated degradation signals as well as vibration-based degradation signals acquired from a rotating machinery setup.
description: Published in at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/14-AOAS749 the Annals of Applied Statistics (http://www.imstat.org/aoas/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
Immune characteristics of COVID-19
Creators: name: Shi, Wen
name: Xiuxing Liu
name: Qiqi Cao
name: Pengjuan Ma
name: Wenqing Le
name: Lihui Xie
name: Ye, JinGuo
name: Wen, Wen
name: Tang, Hao
name: Wenru Su
name: Yingfeng Zheng
name: Yizhi Liu
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: Health Care

description: High-dimensional single-cell analysis reveals the immune characteristics of COVID-19
Hinge non-Hermitian skin effect in the single-particle properties of a strongly correlated f-electron system
Creators: name: Peters, Robert
name: Yoshida, Tsuneya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Non-Hermitian systems exhibit novel phenomena without Hermitian counterparts, such as exceptional points and the non-Hermitian skin effect. These non-Hermitian topological phenomena are observable in single-particle excitations of correlated systems in equilibrium, which are described by Green's functions. In this paper, we demonstrate the appearance of the hinge non-Hermitian skin effect in the effective Hamiltonian that describes the single-particle properties of an $f$-electron system. Skin effects result in a strong sensitivity to boundary conditions, and a large number of eigenstates localize at one boundary when open boundary conditions are applied. Our system exhibits such sensitivity and hosts skin modes localized around hinges. This hinge skin effect is induced by a non-Hermitian topology of the surface Brillouin zone. The hinge skin modes are observed for one-dimensional subsystems located between one pair of exceptional points in the surface Brillouin zone. This paper highlights that correlated materials are an exciting platform for analyzing non-Hermitian phenomena.
description: 12 pages
Contributo alla standardizzazione dei nomi geografici nel mondo
Creators: name: Malvasi, Marisa
name: Bianchi, Giulio
Publisher: name: Semestrale di studi e ricerche di geografia
Year: 2022

description: La standardizzazione dei toponimi, cioè la scelta di un nome, per ogni luogo, che sia aderente alla pronuncia locale e, insieme, venga proposto come ufficiale, probabilmente deve sdoppiarsi. Esistono Stati che già usano l’alfabeto latino e altri che usano altri alfabeti, letterali o sillabici, oppure, com’è noto, scritture non alfabetiche. Dal nostro punto di vista di Europei, è ovvio puntare su elenchi di toponimi redatti in caratteri latini. Ne faremo alcuni esempi. In realtà, assieme all’uso di termini standard, occorrerà sempre anche un diverso elenco, che comprenda i rimandi da certe grafie correnti a quella divenuta ufficiale. E si andrà da piccoli aggiustamenti della grafia usuale, e talvolta insoddisfacente, a esonimi molto lontani dal nome attuale e ufficiale. Questo secondo elenco potrà contenere anche la corrispondenza di nomi storici, ad esempio di 2000 anni fa, e quelli attuali. Anche i nomi già ufficialmente noti in caratteri latini devono essere pronunciati in modo adeguato. Tutte le lingue vorrebbero realizzare la corrispondenza “un segno-un suono”, ma solo alcune lingue, ci si avvicinano, mentre per altre quella corrispondenza è quasi utopica. Ci può essere presenza di lettere mute, e in altri casi, più numerosi, di segni diacritici, spesso trascurati, per quanto spesso indispensabili, non sempre disponibili per la stampa e, quindi, ingiustamente evitati.
description: Semestrale di studi e ricerche di geografia, N. 2 (2022)
Technical requirements flow-down for the concept design of the novel 50-meter Atacama Large Aperture Submm Telescope (AtLAST)
Creators: name: Reichert, Matthias
name: Timpe, Martin
name: Kaercher, Hans
name: Mroczkowski, Tony
name: Groh, Manuel
name: Kiselev, Aleksej
name: Cicone, Claudia
name: Gallardo, Patricio A.
name: Puddu, Roberto
name: Klaassen, Pamela
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Atacama Large Aperture Submm Telescope (AtLAST) is a concept for a novel 50-meter class single-dish telescope operating at sub-millimeter and millimeter wavelengths (30-950 GHz). The telescope will provide an unprecedentedly wide field of view (FoV) of 1-2 degree diameter with a large receiver cabin housing six major instruments in Nasmyth and Cassegrain positions. The high observing frequencies, combined with the scanning operation movements with up to 3 deg/second, place high demands on the accuracy and stability of the optical and structural components. The design features the introduction of a rocking chair type mount with an iso-statically decoupled main reflector backup structure and an active main reflector surface with a high precision metrology system. The planned site location is in the Chilean Atacama Desert at approximately 5050 meters above sea level, near Llano de Chajnantor. This paper gives an overview of the optical, structural, and mechanical design concepts. It explains the flow-down from key science requirements to technical design decisions as well as showing design analogies from other existing large radio, (sub-)mm, and optical telescopes.
description: 20 pages. Submitted to the SPIE proceedings
An infinite-rank Lie algebra associated to SL$(2,\mathbb R)$ and SL$(2,\mathbb R)/U(1)$
Creators: name: Campoamor-Stursberg, Rutwig
name: Marrani, Alessio
name: de Traubenberg, Michel Rausch
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We construct a generalised notion of Kac-Moody algebras using smooth maps from the non-compact manifolds ${\cal M}=$SL$(2,\mathbb R)$ and ${\cal M}=$ SL$(2,\mathbb R)/U(1)$ to a finite-dimensional simple Lie group $G$. This construction is achieved through two equivalent ways: by means of the Plancherel Theorem and by identifying a Hilbert basis within $L^2(\mathcal{M})$. We analyse the existence of central extensions and identify those in duality with Hermitean operators on $\cal M$. By inspecting the Clebsch-Gordan coefficients of $\mathfrak{sl}(2,\mathbb{R})$, we derive the Lie brackets characterising the corresponding generalised Kac-Moody algebras. The root structure of these algebras is identified, and it is shown that an infinite number of simultaneously commuting operators can be defined. Furthermore, we briefly touch upon applications of these algebras within the realm of supergravity, particularly in scenarios where the scalar fields coordinatize the non-compact manifold $\text{SL}(2,\mathbb{R})/U(1)$.
description: 54 pages
Competing Abelian and non-Abelian topological orders in $ν= 1/3+1/3$ quantum Hall bilayers
Creators: name: Geraedts, Scott
name: Zaletel, Michael P.
name: Papić, Zlatko
name: Mong, Roger S. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Bilayer quantum Hall systems, realized either in two separated wells or in the lowest two sub-bands of a wide quantum well, provide an experimentally realizable way to tune between competing quantum orders at the same filling fraction. Using newly developed density matrix renormalization group techniques combined with exact diagonalization, we return to the problem of quantum Hall bilayers at filling $ν= 1/3 + 1/3$. We first consider the Coulomb interaction at bilayer separation $d$, bilayer tunneling energy $Δ_\textrm{SAS}$, and individual layer width $w$, where we find a phase diagram which includes three competing Abelian phases: a bilayer-Laughlin phase (two nearly decoupled $ν= 1/3$ layers); a bilayer-spin singlet phase; and a bilayer-symmetric phase. We also study the order of the transitions between these phases. A variety of non-Abelian phases have also been proposed for these systems. While absent in the simplest phase diagram, by slightly modifying the interlayer repulsion we find a robust non-Abelian phase which we identify as the "interlayer-Pfaffian" phase. In addition to non-Abelian statistics similar to the Moore-Read state, it exhibits a novel form of bilayer-spin charge separation. Our results suggest that $ν= 1/3 + 1/3$ systems merit further experimental study.
description: 14 pages, comes with a table of contents
I significati contemporanei del patrimonio culturale per una pianificazione “relazionale” del territorio. Il caso del Quartiere dell’Arte nella città metropolitana di Napoli
Creators: name: Castronuovo, Valentina
Publisher: name: Semestrale di studi e ricerche di geografia
Year: 2022

description: La ricerca individua alcune tra le politiche di pianificazione strategica attuate per il centro storico di Napoli, analizzando la loro funzione proattiva nella valorizzazione, nella conservazione e nel riuso del patrimonio culturale edificato. L'obiettivo principale è quello di individuare e valutare l'esistenza di condizioni che comprovino la funzione del patrimonio culturale e della produzione culturale contemporanea come driver di rigenerazione strategica del territorio. Il risultato atteso è quello di contribuire al dibattito sulla pianificazione turistico-culturale del territorio, orientata alla diversificazione dei servizi e al contrasto al processo di turistificazione. Attraverso l'analisi desk e la consultazione di fonti primarie, si delinea brevemente lo storico processo che ha portato all’attuazione della variante generale del PRG nel centro antico di Napoli nonché alcuni dei contenuti salienti del “grande progetto UNESCO”. Successivamente, la ricerca analizza il progetto de “Il Quartiere dell’Arte”, definendone indirizzi, esigenze e opportunità in qualità di contributo per una pianificazione strategica territoriale relazionale, orientata e sostenibile.
description: Semestrale di studi e ricerche di geografia, N. 2 (2022)
Joint estimation of noise and nonlinearity in Kerr systems
Creators: name: Notarnicola, Michele N.
name: Olivares, Stefano
name: Paris, Matteo G. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We address characterization of lossy and dephasing channels in the presence of self-Kerr interaction using coherent probes. In particular, we investigate the ultimate bounds to precision in the joint estimation of loss and nonlinearity and of dephasing and nonlinearity. To this aim, we evaluate the quantum Fisher information matrix (QFIM), and compare the symmetric quantum Cramér-Rao bound (QCR) to the bound obtained with Fisher information matrix (FIM) of feasible quantum measurements, i.e., homodyne and double-homodyne detection. For lossy Kerr channels, our results show the loss characterization is enhanced in the presence of Kerr nonlinearity, especially in the relevant limit of small losses and low input energy, whereas the estimation of nonlinearity itself is unavoidably degraded by the presence of loss. In the low energy regime, homodyne detection of a suitably optimized quadrature represents a nearly optimal measurement. The Uhlmann curvature does not vanish, therefore loss and nonlinearity can be jointly estimated only with the addition of intrinsic quantum noise. For dephasing Kerr channels, the QFIs of the two parameters are independent of the nonlinearity, and therefore no enhancement is observed. Homodyne and double-homodyne detection are suboptimal for the estimation of dephasing and nearly optimal for nonlinearity. Also in this case, the Uhlmann curvature is nonzero, proving that the parameters cannot be jointly estimated with maximum precision.
description: 32 pages, 14 figures, 2 tables
Time-dependent density functional theory study of induced-fission dynamics of $^{226}$Th
Creators: name: Li, B.
name: Vretenar, D.
name: Nikšić, T.
name: Zhao, P. W.
name: Meng, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A microscopic finite-temperature model based on time-dependent nuclear density functional theory (TDDFT), is employed to study the induced-fission process of $^{226}$Th. The saddle-to-scission dynamics of this process is explored, starting from various points on the deformation surface of Helmholtz free energy at a temperature that corresponds to the experimental excitation energy, and following self-consistent isentropic fission trajectories as they evolve toward scission. Dissipation effects and the formation of excited fragments are investigated and, in particular, the difference in the evolution of the local temperature along asymmetric and symmetric fission trajectories. The relative entropies and entanglement between fission fragments emerging at scission are analyzed.
description: 23 pages, 5 figures. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2209.02419
Guidelines for evaluating performance of oyster habitat restoration should include tidal emersion: Reply to Baggett et al.
Creators: name: Ysebaert, T.
name: Walles, B.
name: Nieuwhof, S.
name: Fodrie, F.J.
name: Jewell, O.J.D.
name: Herman, P.M.J.
Publisher: name: Blackwell Publishing Inc.
Year: 2016

description: Baggett et al. (2015) identified a set of three universal environmental variables to be monitored for evaluating all oyster habitat restoration projects: salinity, temperature, and dissolved oxygen. Perhaps evidencing a bias toward subtidal reefs, this set of parameters omits another first-order environmental factor, tidal emersion. Intertidal oyster reefs can be the dominant reef habitat in estuaries, with clear zonation in oyster performance across the intertidal exposure gradient. Therefore, we propose to include tidal emersion as a fourth universal environmental parameter when designing and evaluating oyster restoration projects to better encompass the whole environmental spectrum along which reefs occur.
Hard probes and the event generator EPOS
Creators: name: Guiot, Benjamin
name: Werner, Klaus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: After a short presentation of the event generator EPOS, we discuss the production of heavy quarks and prompt photons which has been recently implemented. Whereas we have satisfying results for the charm, work on photons is still in progress.