cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Contract and Dispossession
Creators: name: Post, Deborah Waire
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Law and socialism
subject: Post-racialism
subject: Ethnology
subject: Partnership
subject: A priori
subject: Contracts
subject: Law
subject: FOS: Law

description: In the not so distant past, law students often opened their Contracts casebooks to find a quotation from Sir Henry Maine, "The movement of progressive societies has hitherto been a movement from Status to Contract." The placement of this quotation at the beginning of a Contracts book sets the tone for the semester or the year, providing a theme that the law professor either embraced or critiqued: the idea that contract is liberatory. This Essay, part of a collection of essays on the same theme, argues that contract law has become an instrument of oppression and dispossession rather than liberation. Having offered a critique, the challenge then is to consider whether it is possible to restore the liberatory potential of contract. The symposium, Post-Marxism, Post-Racialism and Other Fables of the Dispossession, was an invitation to consider the contemporary relevance of Marxist theory. The aspect of Marxist theory referenced in this particular essay is cultural and ethnographic, a methodology suggested by Robert Sullivan's argument that Marx was anthropological in his epistemology and in his form of argument. Sullivan also argues that the theoretical approach advocated by some anthropologists, a "cultural critique of ourselves," is Marxist because it is the "modern analogue to Marx's earlier use of primitive society as both a critique of nineteenth century capitalist economy and as an alternative way of ‘seeing' reality." Modern Ethnography, he concludes, "produces its critique . . . by demystifying and denaturalizing cultural texts and ‘reading' their social meaning."
X-ray cross-correlation analysis applied to disordered two-dimensional systems
Creators: name: Kurta, R. P.
name: Altarelli, M.
name: Weckert, E.
name: Vartanyants, I. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Angular x-ray cross-correlation analysis (XCCA) is an approach to study the structure of disordered systems using the results of coherent x-ray scattering experiments. Here, we present the results of simulations that validate our theoretical findings for XCCA obtained in a previous paper [M. Altarelli et al., Phys. Rev. B 82, 104207 (2010)]. We consider as a model two-dimensional (2D) disordered systems composed of non-interacting colloidal clusters with fivefold symmetry and with orientational and positional disorder. We simulate a coherent x-ray scattering in the far field from such disordered systems and perform the angular cross-correlation analysis of calculated diffraction data. The results of our simulations show the relation between the Fourier series representation of the cross-correlation functions (CCFs) and different types of correlations in disordered systems. The dependence of structural information extracted by XCCA on the density of disordered systems and the degree of orientational disorder of clusters is investigated. The statistical nature of the fluctuations of the CCFs in the model `single-shot' experiments is demonstrated and the potential of extracting structural information from the analysis of CCFs averaged over a set of diffraction patterns is discussed. We also demonstrate the effect of partial coherence of x-rays on the results of XCCA.
description: 45 pages, 11 figures
title: Game meat as alternative food source for Africa: a retailer perspective
title: Game meat as alternative food source for Africa: a distributer perspective
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Slabbert, E.
name: Saayman, M.
name: Van Der Merwe, P.
name: International Wildlife Ranching Symposium, Publisher
Publisher: name: Mountain Scholar
Year: 2016

description: Presented at the 9th international wildlife ranching symposium: wildlife - the key to prosperity for rural communities, held on 12-16 September 2016 at Hotel Safari & the Safari Court, Windhoek, Namibia.
description: The issue of food (in) security is critical in many parts of the world including Africa. Citizens have the right to sufficient food, water and social security which means sufficient provision of food on a day-to-day basis. South Africa has the largest privately owned wildlife industry in the world where game farmers utilise more or less 16.8% of South Africa's agricultural land (semi-arid which is best for wildlife farming) for wildlife related activities. This holds enormous potential for Africa in terms of food security. The effective and safe provision of game meat in South Africa and the export thereof can play an important role in contributing to food security. Qualitative research will be done through interviews with major distributors of game meat in South Africa to determine the magnitude of this industry from a supply perspective. Specific attention is given to distributors' perspective of consumer preferences in terms of species, the amount and types of game meat sold and the general consumption patterns of this market. The fact that the wildlife industry lacks data on the consumption of game meat in South Africa hampers the growth of this industry. This information will therefore contribute to growth but also inform stakeholders on the current status of this industry from a supply perspective.
Study of lower-hybrid cavities detected by the GEODESIC and OEDIPUS-C sounding rocket missions
Creators: name: Bock, Benjamin John Jude
Publisher: name: University of Calgary
Year: 2005

description: Bibliography: p. 151-160
description: LHCs are structures in our upper ionosphere embedded within regions of strong plasma wave activity, referred to as auroral hiss. Heating inside these cavities (up to 50 times the ambient temperature) is contained within long, thin (rv 20 m across), cylindrically-shaped density depletions (up to tens of percent) aligned along the geomagnetic field. Trapped within these cavities are enhanced plasma waves, believed to be responsible for transversely accelerated ions (TAis). In this thesis we investigate a new depletion mechanism by which the particles are ejected transverse to the magnetic field , which predicts density enhancements at the cavity boundaries. These enhancement have been observed and cataloged for the first time as a part of this thesis. We find peak wave intensity does not occur at the cavity center but instead coincides with the maximum density gradient of the cavity. This result we hope will lead to a theory of the electromagnetic wave enhancements within LHCs. Using a new, high time-resolution instrument developed at the University of Calgary, we calculate the average energy of the TAis and find a moderate positive correlation between the heating region width and the maximum average energy reached by the TAis, suggesting that large LHCs dump more energy into the TAis.
Using galaxy pairs as cosmological tracers
Creators: name: Belloso, Alicia Bueno
name: Pettinari, Guido Walter
name: Meures, Nikolai
name: Percival, Will J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Alcock-Paczynski (AP) effect uses the fact that, when analyzed with the correct geometry, we should observe structure that is statistically isotropic in the Universe. For structure undergoing cosmological expansion with the background, this constrains the product of the Hubble parameter and the angular diameter distance. However, the expansion of the Universe is inhomogeneous and local curvature depends on density. We argue that this distorts the AP effect on small scales. After analyzing the dynamics of galaxy pairs in the Millennium simulation, we find an interplay between peculiar velocities, galaxy properties and local density that affects how pairs trace cosmological expansion. We find that only low mass, isolated galaxy pairs trace the average expansion with a minimum "correction" for peculiar velocities. Other pairs require larger, more cosmology and redshift dependent peculiar velocity corrections and, in the small-separation limit of being bound in a collapsed system, do not carry cosmological information.
description: 15 pages, 14 figures, 1 table
Microwave Reflection Tomographic Array fo rDamage Detection of Civil Structures
Creators: name: Feng, Maria Q.
name: Kim, Yoo Jin
name: Jofre, Luis
name: De Flaviis, Franco
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Civil engineering
subject: FOS: Civil engineering
subject: Mechanical engineering
subject: FOS: Mechanical engineering
subject: Electrical engineering

description: Microwave tomographic imaging technology using a bifocusing operator has been developed in order to detect the internal voids/objects inside concrete structures. The imaging system consists of several cylindrical or planar array antennas for transmitting and receiving signals, and a numerical focusing operator is applied to the external signals both in transmitting and in receiving fields. An imaging algorithm using a numerical focusing operator was developed, which allows the recovery of a two-dimensional object from its scattered field. Numerical simulation demonstrated that a subsurface image can be successfully reconstructed by using the proposed tomographic imaging technology. For experimental verification, a prototype planar antenna array was fabricated and tested on a concrete specimen.
EBT Cover Letter Template for Working Paper Submissions
Creators: name: Whaley, Paul
name: Martin, Olwenn
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: A cover letter template for submission of Working Papers to Evidence-Based Toxicology. The template is intended to facilitate author compliance with the reporting and data availability requirements of the journal. It simultaneously lists the information the authors need to provide, in a format easily audited by the Editors of EBT.
What is the discrete gauge symmetry of the R-parity violating MSSM?
Creators: name: Dreiner, Herbi K.
name: Hanussek, Marja
name: Luhn, Christoph
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The lack of experimental evidence for supersymmetry motivates R-parity violating realizations of the MSSM. Dropping R-parity, alternative symmetries have to be imposed in order to stabilize the proton. We determine the possible discrete R and non-R symmetries, which allow for renormalizable R-parity violating terms in the superpotential and which, at the effective level, are consistent with the constraints from nucleon decay. Assuming a gauge origin, we require the symmetry to be discrete gauge anomaly-free, allowing also for cancellation via the Green Schwarz mechanism. Furthermore, we demand lepton number violating neutrino mass terms either at the renormalizable or non-renormalizable level. In order to solve the mu problem, the discrete Z_N or Z_N^R symmetries have to forbid any bilinear superpotential operator at tree level. In the case of renormalizable baryon number violation the smallest possible symmetry satisfying all conditions is a unique hexality Z_6^R. In the case of renormalizable lepton number violation the smallest symmetries are two hexalities, one Z_6 and one Z_6^R.
description: 25 pages, version to appear in PRD
Quantitative thermo-acoustic imaging: An exact reconstruction formula
Creators: name: Ammari, Habib
name: Garnier, Josselin
name: Jing, Wenjia
name: Nguyen, Loc
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: This paper aims to mathematically advance the field of quantitative thermo-acoustic imaging. Given several electromagnetic data sets, we establish for the first time an analytical formula for reconstructing the absorption coefficient from thermal energy measurements. Since the formula involves derivatives of the given data up to the third order, it is unstable in the sense that small measurement noises may cause large errors. However, in the presence of measurement noise, the obtained formula, together with a noise regularization technique, provides a good initial guess for the true absorption coefficient. We finally correct the errors by deriving a reconstruction formula based on the least square solution of an optimal control problem and prove that this optimization step reduces the errors occurring and enhances the resolution.
Fractured J-Wire Stylet Presenting as an Intrauterine Foreign Body
Creators: name: Nakhuda, Gary S.
name: Thornton, Melvin
name: Sauer, Mark V.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2004
Subjects: Obstetrics
Gynecology

description: A 32-year old gravida 0 was noted to have a persistent echo dense reflection on her transvaginal ultrasound after undergoing saline infused sonohysterography during IVF work-up. Diagnostic hysteroscopy discovered a 1-cm remnant of a J-wire embryo transfer catheter embedded in a false passage created just below the apparently normal uterine cavity.
Cognitive and Noncognitive Peer Effects in Early Education
Creators: name: Neidell, Matthew J.
name: Waldfogel, Jane
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2010
Subjects: Early childhood education

description: We examine peer effects in early education by estimating value-added models with school fixed effects that control extensively for individual, family, peer, and teacher characteristics to account for the endogeneity of peer group formation. We find statistically significant and robust spillover effects from preschool on math and reading outcomes, but statistically insignificant effects on various behavioral and social outcomes. We also find that peer externalizing problems, which most likely capture classroom disturbance, hinder cognitive outcomes. Our estimates imply that ignoring spillover effects significantly understates the social returns to preschool.
Additional file 1 of Raising awareness and preparation for what may come: next of kin experiences of advance care planning with frail, home-dwelling older adults in geriatric units
Creators: name: Hermansen, Karin Berg
name: Alnes, Rigmor Einang
name: Lereim Saevareid, Trygve Johannes
name: Pedersen, Reidar
name: Westbye, Siri Faerden
name: Romøren, Maria
name: Midtbust, May Helen
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1. Standards for Reporting Qualitative Research (SRQR).
Statistics of electric-quadrupole lines in atomic spectra
Creators: name: Pain, Jean-Christophe
name: Gilleron, Franck
name: Bauche, Jacques
name: Bauche-Arnoult, Claire
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In hot plasmas, a temperature of a few tens of eV is sufficient for producing highly stripped ions where multipole transitions become important. At low density, the transitions from tightly bound inner shells lead to electric-quadrupole (E2) lines which are comparable in strength with electric-dipole ones. In this work, we propose analytical formulas for the estimation of the number of E2 lines in a transition array. Such expressions rely on statistical descriptions of electron states and J-levels. A generalized 'J-file' sum rule for E2 lines and the strength-weighted shift and variance of the line energies of a transition array nl^N+1 \rightarrow nl^Nn'l' of inter-configuration E2 lines are also presented.
description: submitted to J. Phys. B: At. Mol. Opt. Phys
title: Impact of responsible hunting on sustainable wildlife ranching
title: The benefits of responsible hunting to sustainable wildlife ranching
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Van De Giessen, Johann
name: Nel, Lizanne
name: International Wildlife Ranching Symposium, Publisher
Publisher: name: Mountain Scholar
Year: 2016

description: Presented at the 9th international wildlife ranching symposium: wildlife - the key to prosperity for rural communities, held on 12-16 September 2016 at Hotel Safari & the Safari Court, Windhoek, Namibia.
description: Recent studies on the economic contribution of hunting to the GDP of African countries where hunting takes place, put it at over a billion US$ annually, contributing in excess of 50 000 jobs. Looking at South African specifically, visiting trophy hunters and local consumptive hunters alternatively contribute over US$ 200 million and over US$ 600 million to the South African GDP, almost 10% of the total tourism GDP contribution, with processed products contributing an additional US$ 300 million annually. Sustainable and responsible hunting clearly contributes to the Millennium Development Goals of the UN, and has the potential to increase this contribution, to illustrate: the consumptive hunting GDP contribution in South Africa has grown by35% from 2013 to 2015.Hunting incentives extensive wildlife ranching, contributing to its profitability, contributing to ecosystem services. These extensive areas has the potential to contribute 43 job opportunities per1000 Ha, of which 17 will be permanent jobs, while mostly maintaining the ecological integrity of the area. Extensive wildlife ranching may in the long run compete with mining as a viable alternative land use option. However there are risks that may prevent the positive contributions from realizing, like an unsupportive regulatory environment, unsustainable ranching practices, environmental and climatic changes, reputational risks associated with national and international views on current hunting practices. Management of these risks can include the development of industry standards, an effective green certification or labelling scheme and common sense and uniform regulations.
title: Renal vein varices: etiologies and their clinical implications
Creators: name: Burgos Ruiz, José
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genitourinary
subject: Urinary Tract / Bladder
subject: Vascular
subject: CT
subject: Contrast agent-intravenous
subject: Imaging sequences
subject: Haemodynamics / Flow dynamics
subject: Varices
subject: Not applicable

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: To review the different pathophysiological processes that can develop renal vein varices. To be aware of the fact that renal vein varicescan be a signindicative of underlying...
Scaling relations between numerical simulations and physical systems they represent
Creators: name: Granot, Jonathan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The dynamical equations describing the evolution of a physical system generally have a freedom in the choice of units, where different choices correspond to different physical systems that are described by the same equations. Since there are three basic physical units, of mass, length and time, there are up to three free parameters in such a rescaling of the units, $N_f \leq 3$. In Newtonian hydrodynamics, e.g., there are indeed usually three free parameters, $N_f = 3$. If, however, the dynamical equations contain a universal dimensional constant, such as the speed of light in vacuum $c$ or the gravitational constant $G$, then the requirement that its value remains the same imposes a constraint on the rescaling, which reduces its number of free parameters by one, to $N_f = 2$. This is the case, for example, in magneto-hydrodynamics (MHD) or special relativistic hydrodynamics, where $c$ appears in the dynamical equations and forces the length and time units to scale by the same factor, or in Newtonian gravity where the gravitational constant $G$ appears in the equations. More generally, when there are $N_{udc}$ independent (in terms of their units) universal dimensional constants, then the number of free parameters is $N_f = max(0,3-N_{udc})$. When both gravity and relativity are included, there is only one free parameter ($N_f = 1$, as both $G$ and $c$ appear in the equations so that $N_{udc} = 2$), and the units of mass, length and time must all scale by the same factor. The explicit rescalings for different types of systems are discussed and summarized here. Such rescalings of the units also hold for discrete particles, e.g. in N-body or particle in cell simulations. They are very useful when numerically investigating a large parameter space or when attempting to fit particular experimental results, by significantly reducing the required number of simulations.
description: 6 pages, 2 tables, accepted to MNRAS (expanded discussion of the general context in the introduction)
Inhibition of the Vascular Endothelial Cell (VE)-Specific Adhesion Molecule VE-Cadherin Blocks Gonadotropin-Dependent Folliculogenesis and Corpus Luteum Formation and Angiogenesis
Creators: name: Nakhuda, Gary S.
name: Zimmermann, Ralf C.
name: Bohlen, Peter
name: Liao, Fang
name: Sauer, Mark V.
name: Kitajewski, Jan K.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2005
Subjects: Developmental biology

description: Although it has been previously demonstrated that administration of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) receptor-2 antibodies to hypophysectomized (Hx) mice during gonadotropin-stimulated folliculogenesis and luteogenesis inhibits angiogenesis in the developing follicle and corpus luteum (CL), it is unclear which of the many components of VEGF inhibition are important for the inhibitory effects on ovarian angiogenesis. To examine whether ovarian angiogenesis can be more specifically targeted, we administered an antibody to VE-cadherin (VE-C), an interendothelial adhesion molecule, to Hx mice during gonadotropin stimulation. In tumor models and in vivo and in vitro assays, the anti-VE-C antibody E4G10 has been shown to specifically inhibit angiogenesis, but VE-C has yet to be inhibited in the context of ovarian angiogenesis. In addition to studying the effect on neovascularization in the follicular and luteal phases, we also examined the effect of E4G10 on established vessels of the CL of pregnancy. The results demonstrate that E4G10 specifically blocks neovascularization in the follicular and luteal phases, causing an inhibition of preovulatory follicle and CL development, a decrease in the vascular area, and an inhibition of function demonstrated by reduced hormone levels. However, when administered during pregnancy, unlike anti-VEGF receptor-2 antibody, E4G10 is unable to cause disruption of the established vessels of the mature CL. These data demonstrate that E4G10 causes a specific inhibition of neovascularization in the ovary without destabilizing preexisting vasculature.
Visual servoing by partitioning degrees of freedom
Creators: name: Oh, Paul Y.
name: Allen, Peter K.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2001
Subjects: Robotics

description: There are many design factors and choices when mounting a vision system for robot control. Such factors may include the kinematic and dynamic characteristics in the robot's degrees of freedom (DOF), which determine what velocities and fields-of-view a camera can achieve. Another factor is that additional motion components (such as pan-tilt units) are often mounted on a robot and introduce synchronization problems. When a task does not require visually servoing every robot DOF, the designer must choose which ones to servo. Questions then arise as to what roles, if any, do the remaining DOF play in the task. Without an analytical framework, the designer resorts to intuition and try-and-see implementations. This paper presents a frequency-based framework that identifies the parameters that factor into tracking. This framework gives design insight which was then used to synthesize a control law that exploits the kinematic and dynamic attributes of each DOF. The resulting multi-input multi-output control law, which we call partitioning, defines an underlying joint coupling to servo camera motions. The net effect is that by employing both visual and kinematic feedback loops, a robot can quickly position and orient a camera in a large assembly workcell. Real-time experiments tracking people and robot hands are presented using a 5-DOF hybrid (3-DOF Cartesian gantry plus 2-DOF pan-tilt unit) robot.
ClarenceSIM GRC2022 poster
Creators: name: Sim, Clarence
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 310703
subject: Microbial ecology

description: 2022/05/28 - 2022/06/04: Gordon Research Seminar for Early Career Scientists; Gordon Research Conference on Marine Microbes. Les Diablerets, Switzerland. Temporal dynamics of the under-ice Arctic phytoplankton spring bloom. Poster presentation.
Ambiguity at home : unauthorized geographies of housing in Vancouver
Creators: name: Mendez, Pablo
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: At least 20 percent of the city of Vancouver's rental housing consists of unauthorized secondary suites -- apartments built without permits inside detached houses. Local authorities have largely come to tolerate the existence of such units, seeing them as a vital means of dealing with the city's long-standing housing affordability problems. But despite the significance of this now-common local phenomenon, there is a tendency in the media, government documents and the popular imagination to view it from a singular perspective that reduces it to a strictly law-and-markets issue. Given Vancouver's highly competitive housing market, this restricted approach to thinking about the proliferation and lenient regulation of secondary suites is in many ways justifiable, but it has also served to erase a host of other important aspects of this local phenomenon. Examining the issue through the lens of various sub-fields in Human Geography, I seek to complicate its hegemonic understandings, and suggest that thinking about secondary suites from multiple perspectives can help us grasp many of the crucial geographical problems associated with contemporary life. I argue that even if legal or market frameworks are afforded privilege, there is more to be said about this issue, for example on the role of this so-called informal housing market in the local and global economy. The widespread notion that an insufficient supply of affordable housing is the main motivation to own or live in an unauthorized secondary suite is questioned using empirical evidence from the Census. The regulatory order to which these housing units are subject is shown to be less an effect of market forces than the historical product of a series of legal landmarks stretching from the mid-nineteenth century to today. Market forces are also shown to be a problematic explanation that obscures the role of politics and social norms in the formal and informal regulation of these apartments. In addition, I examine the politics of tenant/homeowner-landlord relations associated with this unconventional housing arrangement. Finally, I argue that secondary suites are not only an object of analysis for planning and other experts, but also a forgotten site of lay-knowledge production.
On the infrared behaviour of QCD Green functions in the Maximally Abelian gauge
Creators: name: Alkofer, Reinhard
name: Huber, Markus Q.
name: Mader, Valentin
name: Windisch, Andreas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Functional equations like exact renormalisation group and Dyson-Schwinger equations have contributed to a better understanding of non-perturbative phenomena in quantum field theories in terms of the underlying Green functions. In Yang-Mills theory especially the Landau gauge has been used, as it is the most accessible gauge for these methods. In the maximally Abelian gauge first results have been obtained which are very encouraging because Abelian infrared dominance has been found: The Abelian part of the gauge field propagator is enhanced at low momenta and thereby dominates the dynamics in the infrared. Also the ambiguity of two different types of solutions (decoupling and scaling) exists in both gauges. It is demonstrated how the two solutions are related in the maximally Abelian gauge. As in all two-point Dyson-Schwinger equations of the MAG the infrared dominant diagrams are sunset diagrams, in addition, a BPHZ regularisation and renormalisation of a test system with a sunset-like diagram is presented.
description: 12 pages, 4 figures; Talk given at the International Workshop on QCD Green's Functions, Confinement and Phenomenology, 5-9 September 2011, Trento, Italy
title: Trophy hunting & sustainability: temporal dynamics in trophy size & harvesting patterns of wild herbivores
title: Trophy hunting and sustainability: temporal dynamics in trophy quality and harvesting patterns of wild herbivores in a tropical semi-arid savanna ecosystem
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Muposhi, V. K.
name: Gandiwa, E.
name: Bartels, P.
name: Makuza, S. M.
name: Madiri, T. H.
name: International Wildlife Ranching Symposium, Publisher
Publisher: name: Mountain Scholar
Year: 2016

description: Presented at the 9th international wildlife ranching symposium: wildlife - the key to prosperity for rural communities, held on 12-16 September 2016 at Hotel Safari & the Safari Court, Windhoek, Namibia.
description: We explored the trophy quality and trends in harvesting patterns (i.e., 2004-2015) of buffalo (Syncerus caffer), elephant (Loxodonta africana), kudu (Tragelaphus strepsiceros) and sable (Hippotragus niger) in Matetsi Safari Area, northwest Zimbabwe. We used long-term data on horn and tusk size, age, quota size allocation and offtake levels of selected species. We used linear mixed models to analyse the effect of year, area and age on the trophy size, quota size and offtake levels. One sample t-test was used to compare observed trophy size with Safari Club International (SCI) minimum score. Trophy sizes for buffalo and elephant were below the SCI minimum score. Kudu trophy sizes were within the minimum score threshold whereas sable trophy sizes were above the SCI minimum score between 2004 and 2015.Age at harvest for buffalo, kudu and sable increased whilst that of elephant remained constant between 2004 and 2015. Quota size allocated for buffalo and the corresponding offtake levels declined over time. Offtake levels of elephant and kudu declined whilst the quota size did not change in the same period. The quota size for sable increased whilst the offtake levels fluctuated without changing for the period 2004-2015. The trophy size and harvesting patterns in some species pose a conservation and management dilemma on the sustainability of trophy hunting. We recommend: (1) temporal and spatial rotational resting of hunting areas to create refuge to improve trophy quality and maintenance of genetic diversity, (2) introduction of variable trophy fee pricing system based on trophy size.
Detection of Emotions in Afan Oromo Social Media Texts Using Deep Learning Method
Creators: name: Abdella, Sufian Kedir
name: Sori, Worku Jifara
Publisher: name: Ethiopian Journal of Science and Sustainable Development
Year: 2024

description: Emotion analysis in foreign languages is common because of its numerous useful applications in commercial activities and decision-making. However, there was a lack of emotion-detection work for Afan Oromo language. Manually identifying and aggregating millions of social media users' emotions into a swift and effective decision-making process is challenging task. Thus, the main objective of this study was to detect emotion in the Afan Oromo social media texts. To achieve this, state-of-the-art deep learning models, namely convolutional neural networks (CNN), long short-term memory (LSTM), bidirectional long short-term memory (BiLSTM), and hybrid of them (CNN-LSTM and CNN-BiLSTM), were designed and investigated to select the best-suited model for emotion detection in Afan Oromo. Data was collected from official Facebook pages, then manually annotated, and preprocessed by using normalization, tokenization and stop-word removal. Word embedding was used for feature encoding, and Keras Python libraries were employed for implementation. The study’s results revealed that the proposed models performed well with accuracies of 92, 87, 88, 88 and 90 % for CNN, LSTM, BiLSTM, CNN-LSTM, and CNN-BiLSTM, respectively. Thus, the CNN model outperformed all the other models. It was also found out that the CNN model suited and gave a better result when it was worked on a small dataset and a short sequence of texts. The accuracy of the comparatively less performing models, particularly the performance of the hybrid models, can be increased through the construction of sufficient data, because they leverage the benefits of each of them.
description: Ethiopian Journal of Science and Sustainable Development, Vol 11 No 1 (2024): EJSSD
A minimal model of the Atlantic Multidecadal Variability: its genesis and predictability
Creators: name: Ou, Hsien Wang
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Oceanography
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences

description: Through a box model of the subpolar North Atlantic, we examine the genesis and predictability of the Atlantic Multidecadal Variability (AMV), posited as a linear perturbation sustained by the stochastic atmosphere. Postulating a density-dependent thermohaline circulation (THC), the latter would strongly differentiate the thermal and saline damping, and facilitate a negative feedback between the two fields. This negative feedback preferentially suppresses the low-frequency thermal variance to render a broad multidecadal peak bounded by the thermal and saline damping time. We offer this "differential variance suppression" as an alternative paradigm of the AMV in place of the "damped oscillation"—the latter generally not allowed by the deterministic dynamics and in any event bears no relation to the thermal peak. With the validated dynamics, we then assess the AMV predictability based on the relative entropy—a difference of the forecast and climatological probability distributions, which decays through both error growth and dynamical damping. Since the stochastic forcing is mainly in the surface heat flux, the thermal noise grows rapidly and together with its climatological variance limited by the THC-aided thermal damping, they strongly curtail the thermal predictability. The latter may be prolonged if the initial thermal and saline anomalies are of the same sign, but even rare events of less than 1% chance of occurrence yield a predictable time that is well short of a decade; we contend therefore that the AMV is in effect unpredictable.
Gwalior Stone Inscription of Mihirakula 2
Creators: name: J. F. Fleet
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019

description: Seven lines of text are extant. The first 2-3 characters of each line is lost. Much of the seventh line is also broken away along with lines 8 and 9, but these were extant and had been copied when the inscription was first noticed by scholars.
Additional file 2 of Raising awareness and preparation for what may come: next of kin experiences of advance care planning with frail, home-dwelling older adults in geriatric units
Creators: name: Hermansen, Karin Berg
name: Alnes, Rigmor Einang
name: Lereim Saevareid, Trygve Johannes
name: Pedersen, Reidar
name: Westbye, Siri Faerden
name: Romøren, Maria
name: Midtbust, May Helen
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 2. Interview guide.
Deaths of HIV-Positive Men in the Context of Assisted Reproduction: Five Case Studies from a Single Center
Creators: name: Nakhuda, Gary S.
name: Pena, Joseph E.
name: Sauer, Mark V.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2005
Subjects: Obstetrics
Gynecology

description: Provision of reproductive services to individuals infected with HIV-1 is gaining popular acceptance and is generally endorsed by specialists in reproductive medicine. In the situation in which the male is HIV positive and the female partner is not infected, a large body of evidence has demonstrated that the use of assisted reproductive technology is effective for achieving pregnancy, while eliminating the risk of viral transmission to the mother and fetus. No reports have documented the well-being of the HIV-infected partners subsequent to seeking fertility services. In the current report, we document the cases of five HIV-positive men who died secondary to complications of HIV infection shortly after participating in the assisted reproduction program for HIV-1–serodiscordant couples at Columbia University. Three of these couples successfully achieved pregnancy and live birth, including one set of triplets, and one case of posthumous conception; the fourth case resulted in the cryopreservation of all embryos after the sudden death of the male before the time of embryo transfer; the fifth couple failed to conceive. None of the deaths, which occurred within a few months to 2 years from initial consultation, were related to infertility treatment. The demographic and social statuses of these patients were not different from the general population of men seeking assisted reproduction in our clinic. Regarding the HIV infection status of these cases, three patients had a longer duration of infection compared to the general population of men in our cohort, and one had a significantly lower CD4 cell count. All five men had stable HIV viral loads, and were determined by their primary care providers to be clinically healthy at the time of entry into the program for assisted reproduction. The untimely deaths of these patients underscores the importance of the thoughtful consideration of the complex issues involved in family planning for these individuals, including advanced directives for the use of cryopreserved gametes and embryos, and the social, emotional, and practical issues for the children and surviving partners subsequent to the death of the HIV-positive parent.
Casimir-Polder energy level shifts of an out-of-equilibrium particle near a microsphere
Creators: name: Ellingsen, Simen Å.
name: Buhmann, Stefan Yoshi
name: Scheel, Stefan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Rydberg atoms and beams of ultracold polar molecules have become highly useful experimental tools in recent years. There is therefore a need for accessible calculations of interaction potentials between such particles and nearby surfaces and structures, bearing in mind that the particles are far out of thermal equilibrium with their environment and that their interaction is predominantly non-retarded. Based on a new perturbative expansion with respect to the inverse speed of light and the inverse conductivity, we derive a simple, closed-form expression for the interaction potential (i.e., the particle energy level shifts) of a particle and a metallic sphere that is is accurate at better than 1% level for typical experimental set-ups at room temperature and above, and off by no more than a few percent at any temperature including zero. Our result illuminates the influence of retardation and imperfect conductivity and the interplay of these effects with geometry. The method developed for the present study may be applied to other, more complex geometries.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures, accepted for Phys. Rev. A
Rural and suburban population surge following detonation of an improvised nuclear device: A new model to estimate impact
Creators: name: Meit, Michael
name: Redlener, Irwin E.
name: Briggs, Thomas W.
name: Kwanisai, Mike
name: Culp, Derrin
name: Abramson, David M.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2011
Subjects: Emergency management
Emergency management--Planning
Disasters
Disaster victims--Services for

description: Background: The objective of the study was to model urban evacuation into surrounding communities after the detonation of an improvised nuclear device (IND) to assist rural and suburban planners in understanding and effectively planning to address the effects of population surges.
Methods: Researchers developed parameters for how far evacuees would travel to escape disasters and factors that would influence choice of destination from studies of historical evacuations, surveys of citizens' evacuation intentions in hypothetical disasters, and semistructured interviews with key informants and emergency preparedness experts. Those parameters became the inputs to a "push-pull" model of how many people would flee in the 4 scenarios and where they would go.
Results: The expanded model predicted significant population movements from the New York City borough of Manhattan and counties within 20 km of Manhattan to counties within a 150-mi radius of the assumed IND detonation. It also predicted that even in some communities located far from Manhattan, arriving evacuees would increase the population needing services by 50% to 150%.
Conclusions: The results suggest that suburban and rural communities could be overwhelmed by evacuees from their center city following an IND detonation. They also highlight the urgency of educating and communicating with the public about radiation hazards to mitigate panic and hysteria, anticipating the ways in which a mass exodus may disrupt or even cripple rescue and response efforts, and devising creative ways to exercise and drill for an event about which there is great denial and fatalism.
The Stafford Act and Priorities for Reform
Creators: name: Moss, Mitchell
name: Schellhamer, Charles
name: Berman, David A.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2009
Subjects: Emergency management
Emergency management--Government policy

description: During the past fifty years, federal disaster policy in the United States has been shaped by an ongoing conflict between proponents who favor federal intervention following a disaster and those who believe disaster response should be the responsibility of state and local governments and charity. This article explores the existing federal disaster policy landscape within the United States with a focus on the Stafford Act, the cultural and political forces that produced it, and how the current system is ill equipped to aid in the response and recovery from major catastrophes. The Stafford Act defines how federal disasters are declared, determines the types of assistance to be provided by the federal government, and establishes cost sharing arrangements among federal, state, and local governments. The Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) carries out the provisions of the Stafford Act and distributes much of the assistance provided by the Act. With the establishment of the U.S. Department of Homeland Security, the threat of domestic terrorism, and large-scale natural disasters like Hurricane Katrina, the limits of the Stafford Act and FEMA have been shown. We look at several areas where the shortcomings of the Stafford Act have emerged and propose directions for reform.
Workers of the mill : local labour market change and restructuring of the sugar industry in northern Negros Occidental, Philippines 1946-2008
Creators: name: Oabel, Patrick Vince
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: This dissertation is about the restructuring of a local labour market in the Global South. The central research question asks: how are local labour market processes and their various social outcomes reconfigured by industrial restructuring? On the ground, this meant asking: what are the ongoing labour market consequences for workers and the geographies they make? Employing concepts from the theoretical areas of the labour market, labour control, and labour geography, the dissertation pursues these questions by examining the development of the Philippine sugar industry and the evolution of an industrial labour market located in Victorias City in the central province of Negros Occidental. Drawing on analyses of historical documents, interviews, and 10 months of ethnographic research conducted during 2007, the study’s discussion focuses largely on the changing conditions, experiences and activities of the primary workers of the Victorias sugar mill. After identifying the broader regulatory social tendencies related to the economy and labour in Negros over the roughly 150 year history of the industry, I demonstrate how places like Victorias helped drive the wider institutional arrangements of Philippine export dependency and American imperialism during the early and mid twentieth century. As a distinct institutional environment that evolved on the ground, the industrial locality was a place-particular social context inherent to Philippine sugar production during the time of American neo-colonial capital accumulation. With the industry in decline since the mid-1970s, the increasing disintegration of the Victorias labour market during the 1990s and 2000s further signaled major shifts in the structure and distribution of power over sugar as Chinese-Filipino traders and industrialists continued to partially consolidate various areas of the industry. Enduring the retrenchments and the reorganization of their workplace, workers and their families struggled with the new employment conditions. Their efforts to sustain and improve their lives through new livelihood strategies have reshaped the economic landscape in important ways. Besides providing additional contextual variability with which to view the application of theoretical concepts oriented to labour, this study further supplements understandings of capitalism’s uneven development from the post World War II period to the current era of neoliberal globalization.
Natural Hybrid Inflation Model with Large Non-Gaussianity
Creators: name: Choi, Ki-Young
name: Kyae, Bumseok
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose an inflationary model ("natural hybrid model"), which combines the supersymmetric hybrid model and the natural inflation model to achieve the spectral index of 0.96, and the axion decay constant smaller than the Planck scale, f<< M_P. By introducing both U(1)_R and a shift symmetry and employing the minimal Kahler potential, the eta-problem can be still avoided. The two inflaton fields in this model can admit large non-Gaussianity.
description: 19 pages, 4 figures and 1 Table, published version in PLB
title: Non-congenital viral infections of the Central Nervous System: from the immunocompetent to the immunocompromised child.
Creators: name: Moltoni, Giulia
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Multicentre study
subject: Not applicable
subject: Pathology
subject: Inflammation
subject: Infection
subject: Education
subject: MR-Diffusion/Perfusion
subject: MR
subject: Paediatric
subject: Neuroradiology spine
subject: Neuroradiology brain
subject: Paediatric

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: To describe MRI patterns of non-congenital Central Nervous System(CNS) viral infections in children and the complicated relationship between viral tropism and host...