cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Nitrogen K-shell photoabsorption
Creators: name: Garcia, J.
name: Kallman, T. R.
name: Witthoeft, M.
name: Behar, E.
name: Mendoza, C.
name: Palmeri, P.
name: Quinet, P.
name: Bautista, M. A.
name: Klapisch, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Reliable atomic data have been computed for the spectral modeling of the nitrogen K lines, which may lead to useful astrophysical diagnostics. Data sets comprise valence and K-vacancy level energies, wavelengths, Einstein $A$-coefficients, radiative and Auger widths and K-edge photoionization cross sections. An important issue is the lack of measurements which are usually employed to fine-tune calculations so as to attain spectroscopic accuracy. In order to estimate data quality, several atomic structure codes are used and extensive comparisons with previous theoretical data have been carried out. In the calculation of K photoabsorption with the Breit--Pauli $R$-matrix method, both radiation and Auger damping, which cause the smearing of the K edge, are taken into account. This work is part of a wider project to compute atomic data in the X-ray regime to be included in the database of the popular {\sc xstar} modeling code.
Anisotropic magnetoresistance of spin-orbit coupled carriers scattered from polarized magnetic impurities
Creators: name: Trushin, Maxim
name: Vyborny, Karel
name: Moraczewski, Peter
name: Kovalev, Alexey A.
name: Schliemann, John
name: Jungwirth, Tomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Anisotropic magnetoresistance (AMR) is a relativistic magnetotransport phenomenon arising from combined effects of spin-orbit coupling and broken symmetry of a ferromagnetically ordered state of the system. In this work we focus on one realization of the AMR in which spin-orbit coupling enters via specific spin-textures on the carrier Fermi surfaces and ferromagnetism via elastic scattering of carriers from polarized magnetic impurities. We report detailed heuristic examination, using model spin-orbit coupled systems, of the emergence of positive AMR (maximum resistivity for magnetization along current), negative AMR (minimum resistivity for magnetization along current), and of the crystalline AMR (resistivity depends on the absolute orientation of the magnetization and current vectors with respect to the crystal axes) components. We emphasize potential qualitative differences between pure magnetic and combined electro-magnetic impurity potentials, between short-range and long-range impurities, and between spin-1/2 and higher spin-state carriers. Conclusions based on our heuristic analysis are supported by exact solutions to the integral form of the Boltzmann transport equation in archetypical two-dimensional electron systems with Rashba and Dresselhaus spin-orbit interactions and in the three-dimensional spherical Kohn-Littinger model. We include comments on the relation of our microscopic calculations to standard phenomenology of the full angular dependence of the AMR, and on the relevance of our study to realistic, two-dimensional conduction-band carrier systems and to anisotropic transport in the valence band of diluted magnetic semiconductors.
description: 15 pages, Kohn-Littinger model added
Phase diagrams of superconducting topological surface states
Creators: name: Zhao, W. H.
name: Ding, L. L.
name: Zhou, B. W.
name: Wu, J. Y.
name: Bai, Y.
name: Man, Z. Y.
name: Luo, X.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we present a detailed study on the phase diagrams of superconducting topological surface states, especially, focusing on the interplay between crystalline symmetry and topology of the effective BdG Hamiltonian. We show that for the $4\times 4$ kinematic Hamiltonian of the normal state, a mirror symmetry $\mathcal{M}$ can be defined, and for the $\mathcal{M}$-odd pairings, the classification of the $8\times8$ BdG Hamiltonian is $\mathbb{Z}\oplus\mathbb{Z}$, and the time-reversal symmetry is broken intrinsically. The topological non-trivial phase can support chiral Majorana edge modes, and can be realized in the thin films of iron-based superconductor such as FeSeTe.
description: 14 pages, 8 figures, 1 table
The Path-Integral Approach to the N=2 Linear Sigma Model
Creators: name: Argyres, E. N.
name: van Kessel, M. T. M.
name: Kleiss, R. H. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In QFT the effective potential is an important tool to study symmetry breaking phenomena. It is known that, in some theories, the canonical approach and the path-integral approach yield different effective potentials. In this paper we investigate this for the Euclidean N=2 linear sigma model. Both the Green's functions and the effective potential will be computed in three different ways. The relative merits of the various approaches are discussed.
description: 2 figures
Publication bias is the consequence of a lack of diversity, equity, and inclusion
Creators: name: Freischlag, Julie
name: Kibbe, Melina R
name: Velazquez, Gabriela
name: Rouan, Jessica
Publisher: name: Elsevier
Year: 2021

description:
Publication bias has been shown to exist in research across medical and surgical specialties. Bias can occur at any stage of the publication process and can be related to race, ethnicity, age, religion, sex, gender, or sexual orientation. Although some improvements have been made toward addressing this issue, bias still spans the publication process from authors and peer reviewers, to editorial board members and editors, with poor inclusion of women and underrepresented minorities throughout. The result of bias remaining unchecked is the publication of research that leaves out certain groups, is not applicable to all people, and can result in harm to some populations. We have highlighted the current landscape of publication bias and strived to demonstrate the importance of addressing it. We have also provided solutions for reducing bias at multiple stages throughout the publication process. Increasing diversity, equity, and inclusion throughout all aspects of the publication process, requiring diversity, equity, and inclusion statements in reports, and providing specific education and guidelines will ensure the identification and eradication of publication bias. By following these measures, we hope that publication bias will be eliminated, which will reduce further harm to certain populations and promote better, more effective research pertinent to all people.
Lingua, traduzione e conflitto Translations di Brian Friel
Creators: name: Fantaccini, Fiorenzo
Publisher: name: Firenze University Press
Year: 2013
Subjects: Brian Friel; Translations; conflict; translation; Ireland

description: The essay analyses the relationship between ideology and translation in Brian Friel’s play Translations (1981). In order to do so, dynamics of power and resistance that are at play in the process of translation, and the ways in which they were enacted in Irish culture are discussed. Friel’s play is a dramatization of the “conflict” between two linguistic cultures: the Gaelic and the English. The conflict was triggered by the Ordnance Survey of 1833 which imposed the translation of all Irish toponyms into English. This colonial practice of naming/taming is the representation of a type of power that achieves its maximum fulfilment through the obliteration of the linguistic culture of the colonized. The aim of the essay is to show how Friel re-reads the his- tory of Ireland taking into account the socio-political causes of the colonization, and designates the moment in which the Irish people had to abandon their language as the source of their identitarian crisis.
description: LEA - Lingue e Letterature d'Oriente e d'Occidente, Vol 1 (2012)
Large k asymptotics of the spectral functions from The numerical unified transform method for the nonlinear Schrödinger equation on the half-line
Creators: name: Yang, Xin
name: Deconinck, Bernard
name: Trogdon, Thomas
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 10299 Applied Mathematics not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 10399 Numerical and Computational Mathematics not elsewhere classified
subject: 10599 Mathematical Physics not elsewhere classified

description: We implement the numerical unified transform method to solve the nonlinear Schrödinger equation on the half-line. For the so-called linearizable boundary conditions, the method solves the half-line problems with comparable complexity as the numerical inverse scattering transform solves whole-line problems. In particular, the method computes the solution at any x and t without spatial discretization or time stepping. Contour deformations based on the method of nonlinear steepest descent are used so that the method’s computational cost does not increase for large x, t and the method is more accurate as x, t increase. Our ideas also apply to some cases where the boundary conditions are not linearizable.
You gotta walk the walk to talk the talk: protocol for a feasibility study of the Happy Older Latino Adults (HOLA) health promotion intervention for older HIV-positive Latino men
Creators: name: Batsis, John
name: Weinstein, Elliott R.
name: Jimenez, Daniel E.
Publisher: name: Springer Nature
Year: 2023

description:
Background Older Latinos living with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) have been disproportionately affected by the epidemic and experience compounded health disparities that have deepened over time. These health disparities are largely related to lifestyle and are either preventable or amenable to early detection or intervention. Despite existing resources to deliver an intervention to reduce this compounded health disparity, there is little information on the effects of health promotion interventions on indices of cardiometabolic risk in midlife and older Latinos living with HIV. The Happy Older Latinos are Active (HOLA) intervention is an innovative health promotion program that is uniquely tailored to meet the diverse needs and circumstances of older Latinos with HIV. The goal of this manuscript is to describe the protocol of a feasibility study of the HOLA health promotion intervention for older HIV-positive Latino men. Methods/design HOLA, which is informed by Behavioral Activation and Social Learning theory is a community health worker (CHW)-led, multicomponent, health promotion intervention consisting of: (1) a social and physical activation session; (2) a moderately intense group walk led by a CHW for 45 min, 3×/week for 16 weeks; (3) pleasant events (e.g., going to brunch with friends) scheduling. Eighteen community dwelling Latinos living with HIV aged 50+ will be recruited for this feasibility study adapting the HOLA intervention. Participants will be assessed at three time points (baseline, post-intervention, and 3 months post-intervention) on measures of cardiometabolic risk factors (waist circumference, dyslipidemia, hypertension, and glucose), psychosocial functioning, and health-related quality of life. Conclusions If HOLA can be delivered successfully by CHWs, then the scalability, accessibility, and potential for dissemination is increased. Additionally, this study will inform feasibility and identify modifications needed in the design of a larger hypothesis testing study. Trial registration Clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT 03839212. Date of Registration: 8 February, 2019.
Does Power Protect Female Moral Objectors? How and When Moral Objectors’ Gender, Power, and Use of Organizational Frames Influence Perceived Self-Control and Experienced Retaliation
Creators: name: Rothbard, Nancy P.
name: Kundro, Timothy G.
Publisher: name: Academy of Management
Year: 2023

description:
Organizational scholars have called upon higher-power individuals to serve as moral objectors to combat unethical behavior at work because it is assumed they will face less retaliation. However, research has painted an unclear picture of whether power protects women in the same way as it does men. In this paper, we draw on two distinct role theories (i.e., power role theories and gender role theories) as well as expectancy violation theory, theorizing and finding that female moral objectors benefit less from power than male moral objectors because they are viewed as lower in self-control. We further investigate an alternative remedy, or organizational frame, that may mitigate retaliation against higher-powered female moral objectors, finding that using this frame increases perceptions of self-control and reduces retaliation. We test and find support for our theory across four studies, including an archival study (n 5 33,715), a critical incident technique experiment, and two preregistered experiments testing our intervention.
Physics-Guided Discovery of Highly Nonlinear Parametric Partial Differential Equations
Creators: name: Luo, Yingtao
name: Liu, Qiang
name: Chen, Yuntian
name: Hu, Wenbo
name: Tian, Tian
name: Zhu, Jun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Partial differential equations (PDEs) that fit scientific data can represent physical laws with explainable mechanisms for various mathematically-oriented subjects, such as physics and finance. The data-driven discovery of PDEs from scientific data thrives as a new attempt to model complex phenomena in nature, but the effectiveness of current practice is typically limited by the scarcity of data and the complexity of phenomena. Especially, the discovery of PDEs with highly nonlinear coefficients from low-quality data remains largely under-addressed. To deal with this challenge, we propose a novel physics-guided learning method, which can not only encode observation knowledge such as initial and boundary conditions but also incorporate the basic physical principles and laws to guide the model optimization. We theoretically show that our proposed method strictly reduces the coefficient estimation error of existing baselines, and is also robust against noise. Extensive experiments show that the proposed method is more robust against data noise, and can reduce the estimation error by a large margin. Moreover, all the PDEs in the experiments are correctly discovered, and for the first time we are able to discover three-dimensional PDEs with highly nonlinear coefficients.
description: Published in ACM SIGKDD 2023 & Presented in NeurIPS 2022 AI For Science Workshop
Atomic quantum memories for light
Creators: name: Sheremet, A. S.
name: Mishina, O. S.
name: Giacobino, E.
name: Kupriyanov, D. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the coherent stimulated Raman process developing in an optically dense and disordered atomic medium in application to the quantum memory scheme. Our theoretical model predicts that the hyperfine interaction in the excited state of alkali atoms can positively affect on the quantum memory efficiency. Based on the concept of the coherent information transfer we analyze and compare the memory requirements for storage of single photon and macroscopic multi-photon light pulses.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures, submitted to the proceedings of the NATO Advanced Research Workshop ("Quantum Communication and Security", Gdansk, 9-12 September, 2009)
Association of Unfavorable Social Determinants of Health With Stroke/Transient Ischemic Attack and Vascular Risk Factors in Hispanic/Latino Adults: Results From Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos
Creators: name: Garcia-Bedoya, Olga
name: Perreira, Krista M.
name: Lamar, Melissa
name: Smoller, Sylvia W.
name: Pirzada, Amber
name: Cai, Jianwen
name: Daviglus, Martha L.
name: Gallo, Linda C.
name: Testai, Fernando D.
name: Isasi, Carmen R.
name: Talavera, Gregory A.
name: Trifan, Gabriela
Publisher: name: Korean Stroke Society
Year: 2023

description:
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Social determinants of health (SDOH) are non-medical factors that may contribute to the development of diseases, with a higher representation in underserved populations. Our objective is to determine the association of unfavorable SDOH with self-reported stroke/transient ischemic attack (TIA) and vascular risk factors (VRFs) among Hispanic/Latino adults living in the US. METHODS: We used cross-sectional data from the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos. SDOH and VRFs were assessed using questionnaires and validated scales and measurements. We investigated the association between the SDOH (individually and as count: ≤1, 2, 3, 4, or ≥5 SDOH), VRFs and stroke/TIA using regression analyses. RESULTS: For individuals with stroke/TIA (n=388), the mean age (58.9 years) differed from those without stroke/TIA (n=11,210; 46.8 years; P<0.0001). In bivariate analysis, income <$20,000, education less than high school, no health insurance, perceived discrimination, not currently employed, upper tertile for chronic stress, and lower tertiles for social support and language- and social-based acculturation were associated with stroke/TIA and retained further. A higher number of SDOH was directly associated with all individual VRFs investigated, except for at-risk alcohol, and with number of VRFs (β=0.11, 95% confidence interval [CI]=0.09-0.14). In the fully adjusted model, income, discrimination, social support, chronic stress, and employment status were individually associated with stroke/TIA; the odds of stroke/TIA were 2.3 times higher in individuals with 3 SDOH (95% CI 1.6-3.2) and 2.7 times (95% CI 1.9-3.7) for those with ≥5 versus ≤1 SDOH. CONCLUSION: Among Hispanic/Latino adults, a higher number of SDOH is associated with increased odds for stroke/TIA and VRFs. The association remained significant after adjustment for VRFs, suggesting involvement of non-vascular mechanisms.
Structural, elastic, electronic and optical properties of the half-Heusler ScPtSb and YPtSb compounds under pressure
Creators: name: Radjai, M.
name: Bouhemadou, A.
name: Maouche, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: First-principles calculations using the plane-wave pseudopotential method within the generalized gradient approximation method were performed to study the pressure dependence of the structural, elastic, electronic and optical properties for the half-Heusler compounds ScPtSb and YPtSb in a cubic MgAgAs-type structure. The calculations were performed with the inclusion of spin-orbit coupling. The calculated equilibrium lattice parameters are in good agreement with the available experimental and theoretical values. The crystal rigidity and mechanical stability were discussed using the elastic constants and related parameters, namely bulk modulus, shear modulus, Debye temperature, Poisson's coefficient, Young's modulus and isotropic sound velocities. The calculated electronic band structures show that ScPtSb has an indirect gap of $Γ-X $ type, whereas YPtSb has a direct band gap of $Γ-Γ$ type. Furthermore, the effect of pressure on the optical properties, namely the dielectric function, absorption spectrum, refractive index, extinction coefficient, reflectivity and energy-loss spectrum is investigated for both compounds ScPtSb and YPtSb.
description: 16 pages, 13 figures, 3 tables
Role, race, and place: Prostate cancer disparities in Patients' and Partners' health outcomes and psychosocial factors
Creators: name: Xu, Shenmeng
name: Fuller, Gail P.
name: Northouse, Laurel L.
name: Shieh, Karl
name: Rini, Christine
name: Keyserling, Thomas C.
name: Ma, Chunxuan
name: Tan, Xianming
name: Song, Lixin
name: Chen, Ronald C.
name: Nielsen, Matthew E.
Publisher: name: Wiley
Year: 2023

description:
PURPOSE: This study aimed to examine the effects of participant role (patient vs. partner), race (white vs. non-white), and place (less vs. more neighborhood deprivation) on health outcomes (quality of life [QOL] and symptoms) and stress-coping-related psychosocial factors (appraisals of illness and coping resources). METHODS: This descriptive study included 273 patients and their partners (dyads) who transitioned from PCa treatment to self-management. We used established, psychometrically sound measures to assess health outcomes and psychosocial factors and conducted multilevel modeling analyses. RESULTS: Compared to partners, patients reported worse physical QOL; less frequent anxiety; less pain and fatigue; less bothersome hormonal problems; more bothersome urinary and sexual problems; greater self-efficacy; and more instrumental support. Compared to their white counterparts, non-white dyads reported better overall, emotional, and functional QOL; less depression; more positive appraisals, and greater self-efficacy. Compared to dyads in low ADI neighborhoods, dyads in high ADI (more deprived) neighborhoods reported worse social QOL; more bothersome urinary, sexual, and hormonal symptoms; and less interpersonal support. White patients reported the highest emotional support among all groups, while white partners reported the lowest emotional support. CONCLUSION: Our findings underscore the need to consider social determinants of health at multiple levels when investigating PCa disparities. Considering neighborhood-level socioeconomic factors, in addition to race and role, improves our understanding of the PCa disparities in QOL, symptoms, and psychosocial factors among patients and partners. Targeted multilevel supportive care interventions should tailor to the needs of racially diverse PCa patients and partners residing in deprived neighborhoods are needed.
"Privilegia episcopii Cremonensis". Il cartulario vescovile di Cremona e il vescovo Sicardo (1185-1215)
Creators: name: Leoni, Valeria
Publisher: name: Scrineum Rivista
Year: 2013
Subjects: diplomatics; Cremona; Codex Sicardi

description: The essay examines the Codex Sicardi, one of the few episcopal chartularies composed in medieval Italy and made in the early thirteenth century according to the will of Bishop Sicard of Cremona (1185-1215), a man with a deep knowledge of legal culture, who promoted the study in his home town and who was in relationship with the Swabian Emperors and Pope Innocent III. The analysis of the book, its composition, methods of selection of documentary material for the purpose of being copied shows that Codex Sicardi differs from other episcopal chartularies (such as those of Genoa, Trento and Fermo) not only for the accurate execution, but also for the reasons that led to its composition: imperial and papal privilegia, placita, chartae are selected and copied to illustrate the iura of the bishopric of Cremona, especially in the field of jurisdiction, rather than its economic interests and its administrative activities.
description: Scrineum Rivista, 3 (2005)
Exactly solvable model behind Bose-Hubbard dimers, Ince-Gauss beams, and aberrated optical cavities
Creators: name: Gutiérrez-Cuevas, R.
name: O'Dell, D. H. J.
name: Dennis, M. R.
name: Alonso, M. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: By studying the effects of quadratic anisotropy and quartic perturbations on the two-dimensional harmonic oscillator, one arrives at a simple model termed here the Ince oscillator, whose analytic solutions are given in terms of Ince polynomials. This one model unifies diverse physical systems, including aberrated optical cavities that are shown to support Ince-Gauss beams as their modes, and the two-mode Bose-Hubbard dimer describing two coupled superfluids. The Ince oscillator model describes a topological transition which can have very different origins: in the optical case, which is fundamentally linear, it is driven by the ratio of astigmatic to spherical mirror aberrations, whereas in the superfluid case it is driven by the ratio of particle tunneling to interparticle interactions and corresponds to macroscopic quantum self trapping.
Influence of external field direction on polarization rotation in antiferroelectric squaric acid H$_2$C$_4$O$_4$
Creators: name: Moina, A. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using the previously developed model we explore the processes of polarization rotation in antiferroelectric crystals of squaric acid by the electric fields directed arbitrarily within the $ac$ plane. Except for some particular directions of the field, the two-step polarization reorientation at low temperatures is predicted: first, to the noncollinear phase with perpendicular sublattice polarizations and then to the collinear ferroelectric phase. However, when the field is directed along the axis of spontaneous sublattice polarizations, the intermediate noncollinear phase is absent; when the field is at 45$^\circ$ to this axis, the field for transition to the ferroelectric phase tends to infinity. The ground state proton configurations and the directions of the sublattice polarization vectors are determined for all field orientations. The $T$-$E$ phase diagrams are constructed for the fields directed along the diagonals of the $ac$ plane and for the above discussed particular directions of the field.
description: 17 pages, 10 figures, 2 tables
Ground-plane screening of Coulomb interactions in two-dimensional systems: How effectively can one two-dimensional system screen interactions in another?
Creators: name: Ho, L. H.
name: Micolich, A. P.
name: Hamilton, A. R.
name: Sushkov, O. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The use of a nearby metallic ground-plane to limit the range of the Coulomb interactions between carriers is a useful approach in studying the physics of two-dimensional (2D) systems. This approach has been used to study Wigner crystallization of electrons on the surface of liquid helium, and most recently, the insulating and metallic states of semiconductor-based two-dimensional systems. In this paper, we perform calculations of the screening effect of one 2D system on another and show that a 2D system is at least as effective as a metal in screening Coulomb interactions. We also show that the recent observation of the reduced effect of the ground-plane when the 2D system is in the metallic regime is due to intralayer screening.
description: 14 pages, 7 figures Accepted in PRB
Educatori di comunità dell’infanzia a Cuba e in Italia
Creators: name: Orefice, Paolo
Publisher: name: Studi sulla Formazione
Year: 2009

description: This essay is the result of an international research about the formation’s process of educative jobs. There is the comparison between Italian and European contest about territorial approach in educative jobs and the author shows many interesting elements of Cuban situation that we can use also inside our contest. The first attention is about the quality of education for child-hood.
description: Studi sulla Formazione, Anno XI, II-2008
State-independent quantum contextuality with single photons
Creators: name: Amselem, Elias
name: Radmark, Magnus
name: Bourennane, Mohamed
name: Cabello, Adan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an experimental state-independent violation of an inequality for noncontextual theories on single particles. We show that 20 different single-photon states violate an inequality which involves correlations between results of sequential compatible measurements by at least 419 standard deviations. Our results show that, for any physical system, even for a single system, and independent of its state, there is a universal set of tests whose results do not admit a noncontextual interpretation. This sheds new light on the role of quantum mechanics in quantum information processing.
description: REVTeX4, 4 pages, 5 figures
DFT based investigation of the structural, magnetic, electronic, and half-metallic properties of solid In$_{1-x}$Ti$_{x}$Sb solutions
Creators: name: Amrani, S.
name: Berber, M.
name: Mebrek, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: With the intention to reveal the effect of the substitution, Ti-doped InSb alloy, we accomplished a first-principles prediction within the FPLAPW+lo method. We used GGA-PBEsol scheme attached with the improved TB-mBJ approach to predict structural, electronic, and magnetic properties of In$_{1-x}$Ti$_{x}$Sb with concentration $x = 0$, $0.125$, $0.25$, $0.50$, $0.75$, $0.875$, and $1$. Our lattice parameters are found in favorable agreement with the available theoretical and experimental data. The calculation shows that all structures are energetically stable. The substitutional doping transforms the ionic character of the InSb compound in half-metallic ferromagnetic comportment for concentration $x = 0$, $0.125$, $0.25$, and $0.50$, with a spin polarization of $100$% at the Fermi level, and metallic nature for In$_{0.25}$Ti$_{0.75}$Sb and In$_{0.125}$Ti$_{0.875}$Sb. The total magnetic moments are also estimated at about 1 $μ_{\text{B}}$. In$_{0.875}$Ti$_{0.125}$Sb, In$_{0.75}$Ti$_{0.25}$Sb, and In$_{0.50}$Ti$_{0.50}$Sb have half-metallic ferromagnets comportment and they can be upcoming applicants for spintronics applications.
description: 13 pages, 17 figures, 3 tables
Signatures of Fermi surface reconstruction in Raman spectra of underdoped cuprates
Creators: name: Leblanc, J. P. F.
name: Carbotte, J. P.
name: Nicol, E. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have calculated the Raman B$_{1g}$ and B$_{2g}$ spectra as a function of temperature, as well as doping, for the underdoped cuprates, using a model based on the resonating valence-bond spin-liquid. We discuss changes in intensity and peak position brought about by the presence of a pseudogap and the implied Fermi surface reconstruction, which are elements of this model. Signatures of Fermi surface reconstruction are evident as a sharp rise in the doping dependence of the antinodal to nodal peak ratio which occurs below the quantum critical point. The temperature dependence of the B$_{1g}$ polarization can be used to determine if the superconducting gap is limited to the Fermi pocket, as seen in angle resolved photoemission spectroscopy, or extends beyond. We find that the slope of the linear low energy B$_{2g}$ spectrum maintains its usual d-wave form, but with an effective gap which reflects the gap amplitude projected on the Fermi pocket. Our calculations capture the main qualitative features revealed in the extensive data set available on the HgBa$_2$CuO$_{4+δ}$ (Hg-1201) cuprate.
description: 13 pages, 14 figures
A Complete Global Solution to the Pressure Gradient Equation
Creators: name: Lei, Zhen
name: Zheng, Yuxi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35L65, 35J70

description: We study the domain of existence of a solution to a Riemann problem for the pressure gradient equation in two space dimensions. The Riemann problem is the expansion of a quadrant of gas of constant state into the other three vacuum quadrants. The global existence of a smooth solution was established in Dai and Zhang [Arch. Rational Mech. Anal., {\bf 155}(2000), 277-298] up to the free boundary of vacuum. We prove that the vacuum boundary where the system is degenerate is the trivial coordinate axes.
description: We establish global existence of a solution to a Riemann problem for the pressure gradient equation in two space dimensions
Characteristics of Outpatient and Residential Substance Use Disorder Treatment Facilities with a Tailored LGBT Program
Creators: name: Austin, Anna E.
name: Baruah, Dicky
name: Dawes, Hayden C.
name: Ware, Orrin D.
name: Hall, William J.
name: Srivastava, Ankur
Publisher: name: SAGE Publications
Year: 2023

description:
Lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) individuals have a high prevalence of substance use disorders (SUDs) and experience unique barriers to treatment. Little is known about the characteristics of SUD treatment facilities providing LGBT-tailored programs at the outpatient and residential levels of care. The purpose of this study is to examine the availability of LGBT-tailored programs in outpatient and residential SUD treatment facilities. Using the National Survey of Substance Abuse Treatment Services 2020, we conducted logistic regression to examine facility characteristics, including ownership, pay assistance, region, outreach, and telehealth services, associated with having an LGBT-tailored program among SUD treatment facilities. Outpatient facilities that were for-profit, had pay assistance, had community outreach services, and provided telemedicine/telehealth were more likely to have an LGBT-tailored program. Those that were government-owned, in the Midwest, and that accepted Medicaid were less likely to have an LGBT-tailored program. Residential facilities that were in the West, for-profit, and had community outreach services were more likely to have an LGBT-tailored program. This study offers a national examination of the availability of LGBT-tailored programs in SUD treatment facilities. Differences in availability based on ownership, region, pay assistance, and outreach highlight potential gaps in treatment availability.
Multi-Passband Observations of A Solar Flare over the He I 10830 Å line
Creators: name: Xu, Yan
name: Yang, Xu
name: Kerr, Graham S.
name: Polito, Vanessa
name: Sadykov, Viacheslav M.
name: Jing, Ju
name: Cao, Wenda
name: Wang, Haimin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This study presents a C3.0 flare observed by the BBSO/GST and IRIS, on 2018-May-28 around 17:10 UT. The Near Infrared Imaging Spectropolarimeter (NIRIS) of GST was set to spectral imaging mode to scan five spectral positions at $\pm$ 0.8 Å, $\pm$ 0.4 Åand line center of He I 10830. At the flare ribbon's leading edge the line is observed to undergo enhanced absorption, while the rest of the ribbon is observed to be in emission. When in emission, the contrast compared to the pre-flare ranges from about $30~\%$ to nearly $100~\%$ at different spectral positions. Two types of spectra, "convex" shape with higher intensity at line core and "concave" shape with higher emission in the line wings, are found at the trailing and peak flaring areas, respectively. On the ribbon front, negative contrasts, or enhanced absorption, of about $\sim 10\% - 20\%$ appear in all five wavelengths. This observation strongly suggests that the negative flares observed in He I 10830 with mono-filtergram previously were not caused by pure Doppler shifts of this spectral line. Instead, the enhanced absorption appears to be a consequence of flare energy injection, namely non-thermal collisional ionization of helium caused by the precipitation of high energy electrons, as found in our recent numerical modeling results. In addition, though not strictly simultaneous, observations of Mg II from the IRIS spacecraft, show an obvious central reversal pattern at the locations where enhanced absorption of He I 10830 is seen, which is in consistent with previous observations.
description: 10 pages, 4 figures Accepted by ApJ Letters
Skin Tone and Gender of High-Fidelity Simulation Manikins in Emergency Medicine Residency Training and Their Use in Cultural Humility Training
Creators: name: Brown, Cortlyn
name: Wofford, Marie Anderson
name: Walston, Bernard
name: Rigdon, Joseph
name: Whiteside, Heidi
name: Turk, Philip
Publisher: name: California Digital Library (CDL)
Year: 2023

description:
INTRODUCTION: It is important for physicians to learn how to provide culturally sensitive care. Cultural humility is defined as a lifelong process with a goal of fixing power imbalances and creating institutional accountability through learning about another's culture as well as performing self-exploration about one's own beliefs, identities, and biases. One way to teach cultural humility in medicine is simulation. However, there are no peer-reviewed published studies that examine whether the skin tone or gender of the high-fidelity simulation manikins (HFSM) used by emergency medicine (EM) residency programs reflects the US population nor whether high-fidelity simulation is used to teach cultural humility. We aimed to address that gap in the literature. Our primary objective was to evaluate what proportion of EM residency programs use HFS to teach cultural humility. Our secondary objective was to evaluate whether the skin tone and gender breakdown of the EM residency program HFSM is representative of the US population. METHODS: We conducted a simple random sample of 80 EM residency programs to characterize HFSM and cultural humility training. Selected programs were emailed a questionnaire. Key outcomes included HFSM skin tone and gender and whether cultural humility was taught via HFSM. We calculated point and interval estimates for the proportion of dark-, medium-, and light-toned skin and the proportion of female and male manikins. Confidence intervals were employed to test the null hypothesis that dark/medium/light skin tone was 20/20/60 and that the female/male ratio was 50/50. Both ratios were extrapolated from the US Census data. RESULTS: Our response rate was 74% (59/80). Fifty-five of 59 EM residency programs that had manikins (0.93, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.88-0.99) reported data on a total of 348 manikins. Thirty-nine of the 55 programs with manikins reported using HFS to teach cultural humility (0.71, 95% CI 0.60-0.82). Proportions of light-, medium-, and dark-toned manikins were 0.52 (0.43-0.62), 0.38 (0.29-0.47), and 0.10 (0.07-0.14), respectively. Proportions of male and female HFSM were 0.69 (0.64-0.76) and 0.31 (0.24-0.36), respectively. The null hypotheses that skin tone follows a 60/20/20 split and gender follows a 50/50 split were rejected, as not all confidence intervals contained these hypothesized values. CONCLUSION: While most EM residency programs surveyed use high-fidelity simulation to teach cultural humility, the manikins do not reflect either the skin tone or gender of the US population.
Addressing the Gender Gap in Academic Success: A History of the University of North Carolina Association of Professional Women in the Medical Sciences
Creators: name: Pisano, Etta
name: Drake, Amelia
name: Nicholson, Wanda
name: Shenvi, Christina
name: Boggess, Kim
name: Girdler, Susan
Publisher: name: Springer Nature
Year: 2023

description:
Despite efforts at many institutions, nationally, women still lag behind their male counterparts in leadership, promotion, and seniority. In this paper, we describe the efforts to improve the environment for women faculty at one large academic medical center through the creation of an Association of Professional Women in Medical Sciences. Over the years, the group has helped influence policies that directly affect women faculty, provided high-yield programming on topics related to women's success, and created interprofessional networking opportunities for women faculty. We describe the challenges and successes of this group to serve as a model and inspiration for other institutions.
Analytic torsion of generic rank two distributions in dimension five
Creators: name: Haller, Stefan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: Spectral Theory (math.SP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 58J52 (primary) and 53C17, 58A30, 58J10, 58J42

description: We propose an analytic torsion for the Rumin complex associated with generic rank two distributions on closed 5-manifolds. This torsion behaves as expected with respect to Poincare duality and finite coverings. We establish anomaly formulas, expressing the dependence on the sub-Riemannian metric and the 2-plane bundle in terms of integrals over local quantities. For certain nilmanifolds we are able to show that this torsion coincides with the Ray-Singer analytic torsion, up to a constant.
description: 60 pages
The prescribed cross curvature problem on the three-sphere
Creators: name: Buttsworth, Timothy
name: Pulemotov, Artem
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The paper studies the problem of prescribing positive cross curvature on the three-dimensional sphere. We produce several existence results and an example of non-uniqueness, disproving a conjecture of Hamilton's.
description: 39 pages, 1 figure
Breathing Silence. An interview with John Palmer
Creators: name: Scuderi, Cristina
Publisher: name: Musica/Tecnologia
Year: 2011

description: The interview focuses on some aspects of the composer’s work with electronics. Palmer, described by the critics as «undoubtedly the most visionary composer of his generation» speaks about the composers and musical works that have had a major impact on him. He also mentions the friendship with John Cage, his numerous travels – with particular emphasis on Japan – and the influence of Eastern culture on his musical mind. The composer discusses the notion of causality explored in Renge-Kyo, the meditative nature of Transient and Inwards, and spirituality as the central theme of both acousmatic works In the Temple and I Am. The electronic medium is also por- trayed as a mirror of an intense and vivid preoccupation for intimacy and perpetual search for timbral qualities that by now characterize most of his music. Another important aspect of Palmer’s work mentioned in the interview is the collaboration with some established performers and its importance for the realization of a musical work.
description: Musica/Tecnologia, V (2011)
La «questione del soggetto» come problema pedagogico
Creators: name: Cambi, Franco
Publisher: name: Studi sulla Formazione
Year: 2009

description: During Twentieth-century the western subject has been placed at the centre of scientific  dis-cussion. The author shows three way of interpretation: 1) we have to go over traditional vi-sion of western subject; 2) the return of hermeneutic thought about subject; 3) the contempo-rary subjects is managed by new technologies. It’s necessary reflects on these   questions with increasing attention.
description: Studi sulla Formazione, Anno XI, II-2008
Adolescents, Young Adults, and Vaccine Hesitancy Who and What Drives the Decision to Vaccinate?
Creators: name: English, Abigail
name: Middleman, Amy B
Publisher: name: Elsevier
Year: 2023

description:
Although vaccines are important for all age groups, issues of vaccine uptake and vaccine hesitancy have particular salience for the adolescent and young adult age group. This article reviews the importance of vaccination for adolescents and young adults, the variability in uptake of different vaccines, the reasons for vaccine hesitancy for this age group, and the legal framework for consent for vaccination. One important difference between vaccine hesitancy for adolescents and hesitancy for younger children or adults is the unique developmental, clinical, ethical, and legal context in which the decision to vaccinate is made.
Investigating the Magnetic Field outside small Accelerator Magnet Analogs via Experiment, Simulation, and Theory
Creators: name: Sullivan, Kelley D.
name: Sen, Antara
name: Sullivan, M. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: Physics Education (physics.ed-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Particle accelerators use powerful and complex magnetic fields to turn, shape, and eventually collide beams of near-light-speed particles, yet the fundamental magnetic principles behind the accelerator magnets can be understood by undergraduate students. In this paper we use small-scale accelerator magnet analogs in a multi-faceted, low-cost exploration of the magnetic field exterior to accelerator magnets. These fields are best understood using the multipole expansion of the field. If we assume that the magnetic field is created by ideal magnetic dipoles, we can derive a theoretical model that shows that each accelerator magnet configuration is dominated by a single multipole moment and obeys $B \propto 1/r^{l+2}$, where $l$ is the multipole order (with $l = 1, 2, 3, 4$ for the dipole, quadrupole, octopole, and hexadecapole moments, respectively). Using commercially available NdFeB magnets and the magnetic field sensor inside a smartphone, we experimentally verify the power-law dependence of the accelerator magnet configurations. Finally, we use the open-source Python library Magpylib to simulate the magnetic field of the permanent magnet configurations, showing good agreement between theory, experiment, and simulation.
description: 31 pages, 9 figures
Zeroth-Order Nucleation Transition under Nanoscale Phase Separation
Creators: name: Yukalov, V. I.
name: Yukalova, E. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Materials with nanoscale phase separation are considered. A system representing a heterophase mixture of ferromagnetic and paramagnetic phases is studied. After averaging over phase configurations, a renormalized Hamiltonian is derived describing the coexisting phases. The system is characterized by direct and exchange interactions and an external magnetic field. The properties of the system are studied numerically. The stability conditions define the stable state of the system. At a temperature of zero, the system is in a pure ferromagnetic state. However, at finite temperature, for some interaction parameters, the system can exhibit a zeroth-order nucleation transition between the pure ferromagnetic phase and the mixed state with coexisting ferromagnetic and paramagnetic phases. At the nucleation transition, the finite concentration of the paramagnetic phase appears via a jump.
description: Latex file, 24 pages, 8 figures
Additional file 2 of Safety and efficacy of Hypofractionated stereotactic radiosurgery for high-grade Gliomas at first recurrence: a single-center experience
Creators: name: Guan, Yun
name: Xiong, Ji
name: Pan, Mingyuan
name: Shi, Wenyin
name: Li, Jing
name: Zhu, Huaguang
name: Gong, Xiu
name: Li, Chao
name: Mei, Guanghai
name: Liu, Xiaoxia
name: Pan, Li
name: Dai, Jiazhong
name: Wang, Yang
name: Wang, Enmin
name: Wang, Xin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: Medicine
Cell Biology
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Cancer

description: Additional file 2. The dilemma of the diagnosis of LR and RN. This pdf shows two cases in our center indicating the difficulty in diagnosing the local recurrence of HGG and radiation neurosis.