cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Preventing transition to turbulence: a viscosity stratification does not always help
Creators: name: Chikkadi, Vijayakumar
name: Sameen, A.
name: Govindarajan, Rama
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In channel flows a step on the route to turbulence is the formation of streaks, often due to algebraic growth of disturbances. While a variation of viscosity in the gradient direction often plays a large role in laminar-turbulent transition in shear flows, we show that it has, surprisingly, little effect on the algebraic growth. Non-uniform viscosity therefore may not always work as a flow-control strategy for maintaining the flow as laminar.
description: 9 pages, 8 figures
Photometric observations of Southern Abell Cluster Redshifts Survey Clusters: Structure of galaxies in the inner region of clusters of galaxies
Creators: name: Coenda, V.
name: Muriel, H.
name: Donzelli, C. J.
name: Quintana, H.
name: Infante, L.
name: Lambas, D. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze photometric properties of 1384 cluster galaxies as a function of the normalized distance to cluster center. These galaxies were selected in the central region ($r/r_{200} \leq$ 0.8) of 14 southern Abell clusters chosen from the Southern Abell Cluster Redshifts Survey (SARS). For 507 of these galaxies we also obtained their luminosity profiles. We have studied the morphology-clustercentric distance relation on the basis of the shape parameter $n$ of the Sérsic's law. We also have analyzed the presence of a possible segregation in magnitude for both, the galaxy total luminosity and that of their components (i.e. the bulge and the disk). Results show a marginal ($2σ$ level) decrease of the total luminosity as a function of normalized radius. However, when bulges are analyzed separately, a significant luminosity segregation is found ($3σ$ and $2σ$ for galaxies in projection and member galaxies respectively). The fraction of bulges brighter than $M_B \leq -22$ is three times larger in the core of clusters than in the outer region. Our analysis of the disk component suggests that disks are, on average, less luminous in the cluster core than at $r/r_{200} \sim 0.8$. In addition, we found that the magnitude-size relation as a function of $r/r_{200}$ indicates (at $2σ$ level) that disks are smaller and centrally brighter in the core of clusters. However, the Kormendy relation (the bulge magnitude-size relation) appears to be independent of environment.
description: To appear in the AJ
title: Excavations on Hadrian's Wall, in the Birdoswald-Pike Hill Sector, 1929.
Creators: name: Richmond, Ian A
name: Birley, E G B
name: Simpson, Frank Gerald
Publisher: name: Archaeology Data Service
Year: 2008

description: Transactions of the Cumberland & Westmorland Antiquarian & Archaeological Society, 30, 168-205
Temporal Image Caption Retrieval Competition -- Description and Results
Creators: name: Pokrywka, Jakub
name: Wierzchoń, Piotr
name: Weryszko, Kornel
name: Jassem, Krzysztof
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Multimodal models, which combine visual and textual information, have recently gained significant recognition. This paper addresses the multimodal challenge of Text-Image retrieval and introduces a novel task that extends the modalities to include temporal data. The Temporal Image Caption Retrieval Competition (TICRC) presented in this paper is based on the Chronicling America and Challenging America projects, which offer access to an extensive collection of digitized historic American newspapers spanning 274 years. In addition to the competition results, we provide an analysis of the delivered dataset and the process of its creation.
"All-versus-nothing" nonlocality test of quantum mechanics by two-photon hyperentanglement
Creators: name: Cinelli, C.
name: Barbieri, M.
name: Perris, R.
name: Mataloni, P.
name: De Martini, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the experimental realization and the characterization of polarization and momentum hyperentangled two photon states, generated by a new parametric source of correlated photon pairs. By adoption of these states an "all versus nothing" test of quantum mechanics was performed. The two photon hyperentangled states are expected to find at an increasing rate a widespread application in state engineering and quantum information. PACS: 03.65.Ud, 03.67.Mn, 42.65. Lm
description: Replaced with published version
What if the Doha Round Fails? Implications for Canadian Agriculture
Creators: name: Gifford, Michael N.
name: McCalla, Alex F.
name: Meilke, Karl D.
name: Gifford, Michael N.
name: McCalla, Alex F.
name: Meilke, Karl D.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: International Relations/Trade

description: Many commentators assume that the WTO Doha Round negotiations have already failed and that this failure will not matter for Canadian agriculture. Neither view is correct. Most countries appear willing to make the effort needed to bring the negotiations to a make or break point in early 2008. If the Doha Round does eventually fail, an important opportunity to make the agricultural trading system significantly less distorted, more open and fair will have been lost. For Canadian agriculture, the failure to move the Doha Development Agenda (DDA) forward has more serious consequences than just missing the chance to improve the rules governing agricultural trade; it could signal a return to increased protectionism, more managed trade, a return to competitive subsidization, and an escalation in the number of trade disputes.
Concorrência e conflito de jurisdições entre o Tribunal Penal Internacional e os Estados (tópicos de introdução ao problema)
Creators: name: Caeiro, Pedro
Publisher: name: Direito e Justiça
Year: 2006

description: Direito e Justiça, n. Especial (2006): O Tribunal Penal Internacional e a Transformação do Direito Internacional. Conferência Internacional da FDUCP/PGR
Does Politics Matter in EPA's Monitoring Activities? Evidence from Facility Level Data on Enforcement of Clean Air Laws
Creators: name: Innes, Robert
name: Mitra, Arnab
name: Innes, Robert
name: Mitra, Arnab
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: Environmental Economics and Policy

description: This paper studies the potential effects of political pressure on environmental law enforcement in the Unites States. Prior work, most notably the key works of Deily and Gray, document the sensitivity of U.S. environmental enforcement to economic circumstances of regulated firms. However, the sensitivity of environmental enforcement may be motivated not only by cost-benefit criterion (economic costs of environmental enforcement against troubled firms in high unemployment areas are high) but also by political considerations, and most likely both. We are interested in identifying whether political influence directly affected environmental enforcement during the years 1990-2005, which cover most part of the Bush and Clinton administrations. Using political, demographic and income related data from various sources and mapping them with EPA's data on facility level inspection, we find evidence that political processes at the local, state and federal level do matter for facility level inspection.
Slow Dynamics in Ion-Conducting Sodium Silicate Melts: Simulation and Mode-Coupling Theory
Creators: name: Voigtmann, Thomas
name: Horbach, Juergen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A combination of molecular-dynamics (MD) computer simulation and mode-coupling theory (MCT) is used to elucidate the structure-dynamics relation in sodium-silicate melts (NSx) of varying sodium concentration. Using only the partial static structure factors from the MD as an input, MCT reproduces the large separation in relaxation time scales of the sodium and the silicon/oxygen components. This confirms the idea of sodium diffusion channels which are reflected by a prepeak in the static structure factors around 0.95 A^-1, and shows that it is possible to explain the fast sodium-ion dynamics peculiar to these mixtures using a microscopic theory.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures
Mutual detectability: a targeted SETI strategy that avoids the SETI Paradox
Creators: name: Kerins, Eamonn
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: As our ability to undertake more powerful Searches for Extraterrestrial Intelligence (SETI) grows, so does interest in the more controversial endeavour of Messaging Extraterrestrial Intelligence (METI). METI proponents point to the SETI Paradox - if all civilisations refrain from METI then SETI is futile. I introduce Mutual Detectability as a game-theoretic strategy aimed at increasing the success potential of targeted SETI. Mutual detectability is embodied by four laws: mutuality, symmetry, opportunity and superiority. These laws establish how SETI participants can engage each other using game theory principles applied to mutual evidence of mutual existence. The law of superiority establishes an "onus to transmit" on the party whom both SETI participants can judge to have better quality evidence, or common denominator information (CDI), thus avoiding the SETI Paradox. I argue that transiting exoplanets within the Earth Transit Zone form a target subset that satisfies mutual detectability requirements. I identify the intrinsic time-integrated transit signal strength as suitable CDI. Civilisations on habitable-zone planets of radius $R_{\rm p}/R_{\oplus} \lesssim (L_*/L_{\odot})^{-1/7}$ have superior CDI on us, so have game-theory incentive (onus) to transmit. Whilst this implies that the onus to transmit falls on us for habitable planets around $L_* > L_{\odot}$ stars, considerations of relative stellar frequency, main-sequence lifetime and planet occurrence mean such systems are likely a small minority. Surveys of the Earth Transit Zone for Earth-analogue transits around sub-solar luminosity hosts, followed up by targeted SETI monitoring of them, represent an efficient strategy compliant with mutual detectability. A choice to remain silent, by not engaging in METI towards such systems, does not in this case fuel concerns of a SETI Paradox.
description: Author Accepted Manuscript. Published in AJ
Structural diversity is a key driver of above-ground biomass in tropical forests
Creators: name: Ayushi, Kurian
name: Babu, Kanda Naveen
name: Ayyappan, Narayanan
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: A gamut of abiotic and biotic factors is related to the amount of above-ground biomass (AGB) produced in ecosystems. Some factors have direct and others indirect relationships with AGB. Detailed analyses in tropical forests are few but much needed for better understanding the potential impacts of global change drivers and for mitigating impacts. Here, we examined the relationship between AGB and different predictor variables and quantitatively evaluated their relative importance in lowland to lower montane deciduous and lower montane – montane evergreen forest types. We hypothesised that the relationship between AGB and climate, topography, structural diversity, species diversity (alpha and beta) and phylogenetic diversity would differ between the two forest types. We inventoried trees from 114 plots (each 0.1 ha) and used partial least square structural equation modelling to test the direct and indirect relationship between AGB and the predictor variables. We found that structural diversity variables, stem density and tree girth, were significantly and positively related to AGB in both forest types, displaying a stronger relationship in montane evergreen forests (w = 0.65 for density and 0.89 for tree girth). In the deciduous forest, alpha and phylogenetic diversity were also important factors, whereas beta and phylogenetic diversity were important in the evergreen forest. The effects of topography and climate varied between forest types, with elevation and precipitation being related to AGB directly and indirectly through their relationship with structural diversity. Our results suggest that structural diversity is a key driver of tropical forest biomass, both directly and indirectly. This fundamental understanding can aid in the predictive efforts of biodiversity conservation and forest management.
Covariant Phase Space and Soft Factorization in Non-Abelian Gauge Theories
Creators: name: He, Temple
name: Mitra, Prahar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We perform a careful study of the infrared sector of massless non-abelian gauge theories in four-dimensional Minkowski spacetime using the covariant phase space formalism, taking into account the boundary contributions arising from the gauge sector of the theory. Upon quantization, we show that the boundary contributions lead to an infinite degeneracy of the vacua. The Hilbert space of the vacuum sector is not only shown to be remarkably simple, but also universal. We derive a Ward identity that relates the n-point amplitude between two generic in- and out-vacuum states to the one computed in standard QFT. In addition, we demonstrate that the familiar single soft gluon theorem and multiple consecutive soft gluon theorem are consequences of the Ward identity.
description: 69 pages, 2 figures; v2: minor typos corrected and references added, version to appear in JHEP
Additional file 1 of Hospital infections and health-related quality of life after cardiac surgery: a multicenter survey
Creators: name: Rijnhart-de Jong, Hilda G.
name: Haenen, Jo
name: Porta, Fabiano
name: Timmermans, Marijke
name: Boerma, E. Christiaan
name: de Jong, Kim
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Virology

description: Additional file 1. Figure 1. Missing Values. Supplementary Table 1. Baseline characteristics of the non-infection (NI) and infection groups (I) in the original dataset. Supplementary Table 2. Baseline characteristics of the non-infection (NI) and infection (I) groups in the imputed dataset after propensity score weighting. Supplementary Table 3. Baseline and post-operative characteristics of the Recovery and Non-Recovery Group in the original dataset. Supplementary Table 4. Associations between specific types of hospital infections and recovery.
Farm Capital Structure Choice under Credit Constraint: Theory and Application
Creators: name: Wu, Feng
name: Guan, Zhengfei
name: Wu, Feng
name: Guan, Zhengfei
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Agricultural Finance
subject: Capital Structure
subject: Cost of Debt
subject: Credit Constraint
subject: Quantile Regression

description: This study proposed a theoretical framework for analyzing farm capital structure choice. The theoretical model recognizes that the costs of debt are endogenously determined which in turn reflect the degree of credit constraint faced by individual borrowers. Based on the proposed model, we derived the impacts of different determinants on capital structure choice analytically. The theoretical inferences are further tested with empirical data. Methodologically, we proposed a fixed-effect quantile regression procedure to estimate the impacts of determinants at different ranges of leverage. The effects of determinants are discussed in the empirical application.
A new hybrid LDA and Generalized Tight-Binding method for the electronic structure calculations of strongly correlated electron systems
Creators: name: Gavrichkov, V. A.
name: Korshunov, M. M.
name: Ovchinnikov, S. G.
name: Nekrasov, I. A.
name: Pchelkina, Z. V.
name: Anisimov, V. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A novel hybrid scheme is proposed. The {\it ab initio} LDA calculation is used to construct the Wannier functions and obtain single electron and Coulomb parameters of the multiband Hubbard-type model. In strong correlation regime the electronic structure within multiband Hubbard model is calculated by the Generalized Tight-Binding (GTB) method, that combines the exact diagonalization of the model Hamiltonian for a small cluster (unit cell) with perturbation treatment of the intercluster hopping and interactions. For undoped La$_2$CuO$_4$ and Nd$_2$CuO$_4$ this scheme results in charge transfer insulators with correct values of gaps and dispersions of bands in agreement to the ARPES data.
Using the redshift evolution of the Lyman-$α$ effective opacity as a probe of dark matter models
Creators: name: Sarkar, Anjan Kumar
name: Pandey, Kanhaiya L.
name: Sethi, Shiv K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Lyman-$α$ forest data are known to be a good probe of the small scale matter power. In this paper, we explore the redshift evolution of the observable effective optical depth $τ_{\rm eff} (z)$ from the Lyman-$α$ data as a discriminator between dark matter models that differ from the $Λ$CDM model on small scales. We consider the thermal warm dark matter (WDM) and the ultra-light axion (ULA) models for the following set of parameters: the mass of ULA, $m_a \simeq 10^{-24}\hbox{--}5 \times 10^{-22} \, \rm eV$ and WDM mass, $m_{\rm wdm} = 0.1 \hbox{--} 4.6 \, \rm keV$. We simulate the line-of-sight HI density and velocity fields using semi-analytic methods. The simulated effective optical depth for the alternative dark matter models diverges from the $Λ$CDM model for $z \gtrsim 3$, which provides a meaningful probe of the matter power at small scales. Using likelihood analysis, we compare the simulated data with the high-resolution Lyman-$α$ forest data in the redshift range $2 < z < 4.2$. The analysis yields the following 1$σ$ bounds on dark matter masses: $m_{\rm wdm} > 0.7\, {\rm keV}$ and $m_{\rm a} > 2 \times 10^{-23} \, {\rm eV}$. To further test the efficacy of our proposed method, we simulate synthetic data sets compatible with the $Λ$CDM model in the redshift range $2 \leq z \leq 6.5$ and compare with theory. The 1$σ$ bounds obtained are significantly tighter: $m_{\rm wdm} > 1.5 \, {\rm keV}$ and $m_{\rm a} > 7 \times 10^{-23} \, {\rm eV}$. Although our method provides an alternative way of constraining dark matter models, we note that these bounds are weaker than those obtained by high-resolution hydrodynamical simulations.
description: accepted for publication in JCAP
Locating the QCD Critical Point in the Phase Diagram
Creators: name: Antoniou, N. G.
name: Diakonos, F. K.
name: Kapoyannis, A. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is shown that the hadronic matter formed at high temperatures, according to the prescription of the statistical bootstrap principle, develops a critical point at nonzero baryon chemical potential, associated with the end point of a first-order, quark-hadron phase-transition line. The location of the critical point is evaluated as a function of the MIT bag constant.
description: 13 pages, 6 figures Presented at the X International Workshop on Multiparticle Production ``Correlations and Fluctuations on QCD'', 8-15 June 2002, Istron Bay, Ag. Nikolaos, Crete, GREECE
"Bride-stealing" and royal power in classical Japanese literature
Creators: name: Hasebe, Aki
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: In premodern Japanese literature, we often find episodes that can be described as being about "bride-stealing": a man steals a woman to make her his mate. However, this kind of episode has not been focused on as a literary trope. This kind of episode is a literary tradition which we can trace back to the earliest written works in Japan, such as the Kojiki (721). This thesis aims to find out the connections between these earliest works and Heian fiction and the development of this literary tradition in relation to the trope of "bride-stealing." Turning my attention to the facts that the abducted women are usually related to the royal family, and that the noblemen who successfully execute their abductions seem also to be successful in their political careers after this event, I hypothesize that the concept of the trope of "bride-stealing" includes not only stealing a woman but also a stealing of the imperial power (pkeri) or right to rule. To examine whether this hypothesis is correct, I discuss the trope in the earliest works, the Kojiki and the Nihon shoki (720), and then I examine if my hypothesis applies to the "bride-stealing" episodes in each of the following premodern works: Tales oflse (early 10th century), The Tale of the Lady Ochikubo (ca. 990), The Tale of Genji (early 11th century), The Tale of Sagoromo (late 11th century) and Ariake no Wakare (late 12th century). I also examine the inter-textual relations between the episodes in these works. The episodes I examine seem to be based on the same trope, "bride-stealing," and it does in fact appear that these episodes have the same concept: in order to gain the power to control the monarchy, the protagonists steal certain women. Although its appearance in each episode is not exactly the same, it seems to be certain that all these literary episodes originate in the same "bride-stealing" trope.
Influence of segmentation accuracy in structural MR head scans on electric field computation for TMS and tES
Creators: name: Rashed, Essam A.
name: Gomez-Tames, Jose
name: Hirata, Akimasa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: In several diagnosis and therapy procedures based on electrostimulation effect, the internal physical quantity related to the stimulation is the induced electric field. To estimate the induced electric field in an individual human model, the segmentation of anatomical imaging, such as (magnetic resonance image (MRI) scans, of the corresponding body parts into tissues is required. Then, electrical properties associated with different annotated tissues are assigned to the digital model to generate a volume conductor. An open question is how segmentation accuracy of different tissues would influence the distribution of the induced electric field. In this study, we applied parametric segmentation of different tissues to exploit the segmentation of available MRI to generate different quality of head models using deep learning neural network architecture, named ForkNet. Then, the induced electric field are compared to assess the effect of model segmentation variations. Computational results indicate that the influence of segmentation error is tissue-dependent. In brain, sensitivity to segmentation accuracy is relatively high in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), moderate in gray matter (GM) and low in white matter for transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) and transcranial electrical stimulation (tES). A CSF segmentation accuracy reduction of 10% in terms of Dice coefficient (DC) lead to decrease up to 4% in normalized induced electric field in both applications. However, a GM segmentation accuracy reduction of 5.6% DC leads to increase of normalized induced electric field up to 6%. Opposite trend of electric field variation was found between CSF and GM for both TMS and tES. The finding obtained here would be useful to quantify potential uncertainty of computational results.
description: Phys. Med. Biol
International Product Differentiation through a Country Brand: An Economic Analysis of National Branding as a Marketing Strategy for Agricultural Products
Creators: name: Innes, Brian G.
name: Kerr, William A.
name: Hobbs, Jill E.
name: Innes, Brian G.
name: Kerr, William A.
name: Hobbs, Jill E.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: International Relations/Trade

description: Trade policy initiatives of developed country governments are in flux. Governments’ need for new trade policy measures has arisen partly because of constraints imposed on the use of export subsidies by the Agreement on Agriculture reached as part of the Uruguay Round of General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade in 1994. Further disciplines on export subsidies and other policy measures may be agreed on in the Doha Round of World Trade Organization (WTO) negotiations, accentuating the need for new policy measures. While the Doha Round may not successfully reach an agreement, the current modalities show provisional agreement on the elimination of multiple forms of export subsidies. There is provisional agreement on more stringent restrictions on the use of export credit programs. Controls on exporting state trading agencies’ ability to subsidize exports are tentatively agreed (Furtan, 2005). Food aid, which can also be used to circumvent disciplines on export subsidies, is also likely to be subject to WTO disciplines.
Deep generative selection models of T and B cell receptor repertoires with soNNia
Creators: name: Isacchini, Giulio
name: Walczak, Aleksandra M
name: Mora, Thierry
name: Nourmohammad, Armita
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Subclasses of lymphocytes carry different functional roles to work together to produce an immune response and lasting immunity. Additionally to these functional roles, T and B-cell lymphocytes rely on the diversity of their receptor chains to recognize different pathogens. The lymphocyte subclasses emerge from common ancestors generated with the same diversity of receptors during selection processes. Here we leverage biophysical models of receptor generation with machine learning models of selection to identify specific sequence features characteristic of functional lymphocyte repertoires and subrepertoires. Specifically using only repertoire level sequence information, we classify CD4$^+$ and CD8$^+$ T-cells, find correlations between receptor chains arising during selection and identify T-cells subsets that are targets of pathogenic epitopes. We also show examples of when simple linear classifiers do as well as more complex machine learning methods.
title: The Milecastle on the Wall of Hadrian at the Poltross Burn.
Creators: name: Gibson, J P
name: Simpson, Frank Gerald
name: Bosanquet, Robert Carr
name: Craster, H H E
Publisher: name: Archaeology Data Service
Year: 2008

description: Transactions of the Cumberland & Westmorland Antiquarian & Archaeological Society, 11, 390-461
Modelling the future distribution of rare bryophytes in Scotland: the importance of the inclusion of habitat loss
Creators: name: Ferretto, Anna
name: Smith, Peter
name: Genney, David R.
name: Matthews, Robin
name: Hadizadeh, Mostafa
name: Brooker, Rob
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: Species distribution models (SDMs) have been widely used to predict species ranges and their future distribution under climate change scenarios, mostly using only climatic variables. An important factor that is usually neglected, is the habitat of the species that are being modelled. Even when included, it is often considered a fixed factor, but in reality, it is also subjected to changes. In this study, we assessed if this omission can lead to different projected distributions of the species. For this purpose, we applied an ensemble of SDMs, and we projected the distribution of rare bryophyte species in Scotland in the 2050s. Bryophytes are generally very climate-reliant and lend themselves to bioclimatic studies, and we selected species different grades of affinity with blanket bogs, which are threatened by climate change. Blanket bog extension was included in the model as an explanatory variable, and the models were run for three 2050s scenarios: once with the current blanket bog distribution and twice using the blanket bog distribution derived from two bioclimatic models (Lindsay modified and Blanket Bog Tree model), under the same climate change projections. The results showed some differences in the predicted future distribution of those species with a strong relationship with blanket bogs, when habitat changes were accounted for. For example, Sphagnum majus, the species with the highest affinity with blanket bog in our study, was not predicted to change its future distribution when blanket bog is held constant at the current level, but was predicted to lose up to 60% of its current suitable area when the projected loss of blanket bog is included. Our results suggest that adding future habitat changes could improve the reliability of SDMs in the first steps of planning for conservation and restoration.
title: Excavations on the line of the Roman Wall in Cumberland during the years 1909-12.
Creators: name: Simpson, Frank Gerald
name: Haverfield, F J
name: Craster, H H E
name: Newbold, P
Publisher: name: Archaeology Data Service
Year: 2008

description: Transactions of the Cumberland & Westmorland Antiquarian & Archaeological Society, 13, 297-397
Agribusiness Cases in Supply Chain Management
Creators: name: Brown, William J.
name: Brown, William J.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: Agribusiness
Farm Management

description: The paper uses case studies of three different agribusinesses to demonstrate the principles of supply chain management and how it is applied. Primary producers must learn to understand and take advantages of the opportunities available to them in the new systems of supply change management. The agribusiness cases demonstrate a practical application of supply chain management that can affect and be applied to farm businesses throughout the world.
Hotz, Robert, Gebete aus der orthodoxen Kirche
Creators: name: Basdekis, Athanasios
Publisher: name: Ökumenische Rundschau
Year: 2025

description: Ökumenische Rundschau, Bd. 32 Nr. 1 (1983): Ökumenische Rundschau, Band 32, Heft 1
Few-neutron systems with the long-range Casimir-Polder force
Creators: name: Higa, R.
name: Babb, J. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work we present results of the long-range electromagnetic Casimir-Polder interactions between two neutrons, a neutron and a conducting wall, and a neutron between two walls. As input, we use the dynamic dipole polarizabilities of the neutron fitted to chiral EFT results up to the pion production threshold and at the onset of the Delta resonance. Our work can be relevant to the physics of confined ultracold neutrons inside bottles.
description: 11 pages, 8 figures 1 table. Special volume of the Brazilian Journal of Physics on "Dynamics of complex systems"
Role of Customers' Demands and Environment in Priorities of Development among Young Farmers
Creators: name: Csitari, Melinda
name: Csitari, Melinda
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: Farm Management

description: The level of a country's long-term food-supply and agricultural export is basically determined by the agricultural and food industrial investments. In Hungary the level of the agricultural output have decreased considerably in the previous years, and the investments have dropped drastically at the beginning and in the middle of the 1990s. In the following years it is an important task to realize the missing developments, especially as our agriculture needs significant projects to comply with the increasing demands. It is necessary not only to increase the output, but also to improve the quality of the production and the products, because it is more and more important to supply the custumers with good-quality product both in the export and in the internal supply. In the agricultural production the environmental protection also plays an increasingly significant role. The purpose of joining European Union is increasing the importance of the environmental protection, because we have to orient to the exacting requirements of the EU. Hungarian government also realized the significance of subsidies in implanting investments, so it helps the farmers to accomplish their development plans. Through subsidies farmers should be inspired by government. On the basis of my studies I would like to answer the next two questions: 1. How significant parts are the customers' demands and environmental protection in planning developments among young farmers? 2. What requirements have the competition in the connection with the environment and the quality of products?
N-qubit universal quantum logic with a photonic qudit and O(N) linear optics elements
Creators: name: Delteil, Aymeric
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: High-dimensional quantum units of information, or qudits, can carry more than one quantum bit of information in a single degree of freedom, and can therefore be used to boost the performance of quantum communication and quantum computation protocols. A photon in a superposition of $2^N$ time bins - a time-bin qudit - contains as much information as N qubits. Here, we show that N-qubit states encoded in a single time-bin qudit can be arbitrarily and deterministically generated, manipulated and measured using a number of linear optics elements that scales linearly with N, as opposed with prior proposals of single-qudit implementation of N-qubit logic, which typically requires $O(2^N)$ elements. The simple and cost-effective implementation we propose can be used as a small-scale quantum processor. We then demonstrate a path towards scalability by interfacing distinct qudit processors to a matter qubit (atom or quantum dot spin) in an optical resonator. Such a cavity QED system allows for more advanced functionalities, such as single-qubit nondemolition measurement and two-qubit gates between distinct qudits. It could also enable quantum interfaces with other matter quantum nodes in the context of quantum networks and distributed quantum computing.
Electron mass shift in nonthermal systems
Creators: name: Hagelstein, Peter L
name: Chaudhary, Irfan U
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The electron mass is known to be sensitive to local fluctuations in the electromagnetic field, and undergoes a small shift in a thermal field. It was claimed recently that a very large electron mass shift should be expected near the surface of a metal hydride [{\it Eur. Phys. J. C}, {\bf 46} 107 (2006)]. We examine the shift using a formulation based on the Coulomb gauge, which leads to a much smaller shift. The maximization of the electron mass shift under nonequilibrium conditions seems nonetheless to be an interesting problem. We consider a scheme in which a current in a hollow wire produces a large vector potential in the wire center. Fluctuations in an LC circuit with nearly matched loss and gain can produce large current fluctuations; and these can increase the electron mass shift by orders of magnitude over its room temperature value.
description: 23 pages, 5 figures
Precision Irrigation in South Africa
Creators: name: Dennis, H.J.
name: Nell, Wilhelm T.
name: Dennis, H.J.
name: Nell, Wilhelm T.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: Farm Management
Land Economics/Use

description: The Republic of South Africa covers an area of 122 million hectare of which 18 million hectare is potential land for cultivation. Eight percent of the potential arable land are under irrigation, which accounts for nearly half of the water requirement in South Africa. With a population of 42 million and an estimated annual population growth of 1,7%, urbanisation and industrialisation will increase the pressure on the availability of water resources and the allocation thereof in South Africa. The purpose of the National Water Act, Act 36 of 1998, is to ensure that the nation's water resources are protected, developed, conserved, managed and controlled. Agricultural production under irrigation in South Africa retrieves water from water resources such as groundwater which irrigates 24% of the irrigable area, while surface water irrigates 76% of the irrigable area in South Africa. Farmers using groundwater for irrigation is currently subjected to a water resource management charge of 0,54 c/m3. Users of surface water buy a water-right and pay an annual water levy, and groundwater belongs to the owner of the farm who can use it at no cost. Precision irrigation as an aspect of precision agriculture, is a relatively new concept in irrigation farming worldwide. It involves the application of irrigation water in optimum quantities over an area of land which are not uniform and has variations in soil type, soil water capacity, potential yield and topography. Precision irrigation provides a sustainable agricultural system which uses resources efficiently and develops and maintains the actual water demands. Precision agriculture is a knowledge-based technical management system which should optimise farm profit and minimise the impact of agriculture on the environment.
In-situ bandaged Josephson junctions for superconducting quantum processors
Creators: name: Bilmes, Alexander
name: Händel, Alexander K.
name: Volosheniuk, Serhii
name: Ustinov, Alexey V.
name: Lisenfeld, Jürgen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Shadow evaporation is commonly used to micro-fabricate the key element of superconducting qubits - the Josephson junction. However, in conventional two-angle deposition circuit topology, unwanted stray Josephson junctions are created which contribute to dielectric loss. So far, this could be avoided by shorting the stray junctions with a so-called bandage layer deposited in an additional lithography step, which may further contaminate the chip surface. Here, we present an improved shadow evaporation technique allowing one to fabricate sub-micrometer-sized Josephson junctions together with bandage layers in a single lithography step. We also show that junction aging is significantly reduced when junction electrodes are oxidized in an oxygen atmosphere directly after deposition.
Additional file 1 of PHF6 loss reduces leukemia stem cell activity in an acute myeloid leukemia mouse model
Creators: name: Yuan, Shengnan
name: Gao, Mingming
name: Wang, Yizhou
name: Lan, Yanjie
name: Li, Mengrou
name: Du, Yuwei
name: Li, Yue
name: Ju, Wen
name: Huang, Yujin
name: Yuan, Ke
name: Zeng, Lingyu
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology

description: Supplementary Material 1: PHF6 loss reduces leukemia stem cell activity in an acute myeloid leukemia mouse model
Direito do arguido a um julgamento rápido em direito penal internacional - Uma experiência no Tribunal Penal Internacional para a ex-Jugoslavia (TPIJ)
Creators: name: Rodrigues, Almiro
Publisher: name: Direito e Justiça
Year: 2006

description: Direito e Justiça, n. Especial (2006): O Tribunal Penal Internacional e a Transformação do Direito Internacional. Conferência Internacional da FDUCP/PGR
Occupational performance characteristics of children and adolescents with congenital heart disease
Creators: name: Imms, Christine
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: This study explored the occupational performance characteristics of children and adolescents who have congenital heart disease. Children with congenital heart disease have been found to be at risk for neurological deficits and to experience an increase in problem behaviors, learning and academic difficulties and an increase in emotional or mental health disorders. Recently, pediatric cardiologists have advocated the establishment of rehabilitation programs for these children focusing almost exclusively on exercise. This somewhat narrow focus does not encompass the multitude of deficits that often accompany congenital heart disease. Occupational therapy theory provides a broader framework for exploring the range o f difficulties these children are experiencing as the literature suggests they may be under-performing in occupational performance areas o f self-care, productivity and leisure. This prospective descriptive study assessed children and adolescents with congenital heart disease to determine their ability to participate in self-care, productivity and leisure tasks. The sample of 35 participants aged 7.0 - 16.5 years underwent assessment using standardized measures. The data were analyzed descriptively and inferentially. The t-test was used to determine whether a statistically significant difference existed between the group means and the test means. Participants had complex congenital heart disease and had experienced at least one open-heart surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass and hypothermia, a median of 9.3 years prior to participation. In comparison to test means, participants were found to have significantly reduced skills in self-care, productivity and leisure as reported by parents. They also had significantly reduced skills in visual motor integration and motor control as measured directly. There was no significant difference found in performance on either visual perception or fine motor skills and participants reported a moderately high sense of self-worth. Contrary to anecdotal opinion, this study found that children with congenital heart disease do not grow out of early difficulties during middle childhood. Further investigation is required into the efficacy of interventions aimed at increasing their ability to undertake meaningful occupations of childhood. Rehabilitation programs must address more than exercise. In addition, intra-rater reliability analysis suggested that a review of the process used to establish inter-rater reliability in commonly used tests and measures is warranted.
Open-Source Parametric Airfoils to Study Geometric Effects on Buffet
Creators: name: Zauner, Markus
name: Lusher, David J.
name: Moise, Pradeep
name: Sansica, Andrea
name: Hashimoto, Atsushi
name: Sandham, Neil D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent research into buffet in the transonic flow regime has been focused on a limited number of proprietary airfoil geometries and has mainly considered parametric variations in Mach number and angle of attack. In contrast, relatively little is known about the sensitivity of buffet frequencies and amplitudes to geometric properties of airfoils. In the present contribution, an airfoil geometry construction method based on a small number of parameters is developed. The resulting airfoils and computational grids are high-order continuous everywhere except at the trailing edge corners. The effects of four key geometric parameters, defined by local extrema of coordinates on the airfoil at the design condition and denoted as 'crest' points, are studied using large-eddy simulation, considering both free-transitional and tripped boundary layers. For both states of the boundary layer, buffet amplitude and frequency are found to be highly sensitive to the axial and vertical position of the suction-side crest point, while the vertical crest position on the pressure side affects the mean lift. The present work confirms that buffet can appear for free-transitional (laminar buffet) and tripped conditions (turbulent buffet) with similar sensitivities. For test cases near onset conditions intermediate-frequency phenomena have been observed, which were linked to unsteadiness of separation bubbles. Frequencies scaling based on mean-flow properties of the separation bubble were shown to be in good agreement with previous findings on different airfoil geometries in Zauner et al. (Flow Turb. & Comb., Vol. 110, 2023, pp. 1023-1057). Airfoil geometries are provided as open source: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12204411
description: AIAA AVIATION FORUM AND ASCEND 2024, Session: Aerodynamic Design I
Small Farmers Combining to Stay Profitable and Compete with Large Scale Agriculture
Creators: name: Costin, Rick
name: Costin, Rick
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: Agribusiness
Farm Management
Livestock Production/Industries

description: Small and intermediate full time farmers in Kentucky are finding it difficult to remain profitable and continue in business. Agriculture trends continue toward larger scale operations. These trends have been driven by economies of scale when purchasing inputs, reduced profit margins on per unit basis and the need of providing a large quantity for marketing advantages. Small farm operations are searching for ways to compete and still maintain some form of independence. This paper will focus on the need for small and intermediate size farmers to work together to take advantage of the benefits achieved by large operators while still maintaining independence. One group and industry, in particular, will be highlighted. I will discuss the hog industry and illustrate how a group of small and intermediate size farmers worked together to successfully compete in today’s difficult agriculture environment.