cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
A fuzzy logic approach to spatial management of small-scale fisheries
Creators: name: Teh, Lydia Chi Ling
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: Fishers are an integral part of the marine ecosystem; where and how fishers allocate their fishing effort can directly affect biological outcomes. Nonetheless, the human dimensions of fisheries are often not well understood, even though the ability to anticipate fishers’ response to spatial regulations is a key aspect of successful management. My thesis addresses this challenge by developing a marine spatial management tool that balances both human and conservation variables. I conduct an empirical investigation of small-scale fishers’ spatial use patterns with the aim of understanding how fishers’ preferences and perceptions of the marine environment affect their selection of fishing locations. I find that fishers tend to fish within preferred resource spaces that are bounded by the extent of their mental maps, and that are always considered to be safe. I integrate fishers’ preferences in a fuzzy logic expert system that I develop for zoning marine spaces in data poor conditions. This system, the protected area suitability index (PASI), assesses the suitability of a site for being protected from fishing by balancing fishers’ preference for the site with the site’s conservation value. Sites that are considered to be highly suitable for protection are those that have low fisher preference and high conservation value. The PASI estimates site suitability scores that range from 0 to 10, where 10 indicates that a site is very suitable for protection. I applied the PASI in a case study of a proposed marine protected area in Sabah, Malaysia. At least 58% and up to 75% of the time, the PASI’s assessment of site suitability matched a zoning plan for no take areas that was designed through a collaborative community process. This demonstrates that the PASI is appropriate for conducting rapid site prioritisation in data poor regions of the world, and can be used as an alternative to data, time, and financially demanding spatial planning methods.
Document Clustering based on Topic Maps
Creators: name: Rafi, Muhammad
name: Shaikh, M. Shahid
name: Farooq, Amir
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Importance of document clustering is now widely acknowledged by researchers for better management, smart navigation, efficient filtering, and concise summarization of large collection of documents like World Wide Web (WWW). The next challenge lies in semantically performing clustering based on the semantic contents of the document. The problem of document clustering has two main components: (1) to represent the document in such a form that inherently captures semantics of the text. This may also help to reduce dimensionality of the document, and (2) to define a similarity measure based on the semantic representation such that it assigns higher numerical values to document pairs which have higher semantic relationship. Feature space of the documents can be very challenging for document clustering. A document may contain multiple topics, it may contain a large set of class-independent general-words, and a handful class-specific core-words. With these features in mind, traditional agglomerative clustering algorithms, which are based on either Document Vector model (DVM) or Suffix Tree model (STC), are less efficient in producing results with high cluster quality. This paper introduces a new approach for document clustering based on the Topic Map representation of the documents. The document is being transformed into a compact form. A similarity measure is proposed based upon the inferred information through topic maps data and structures. The suggested method is implemented using agglomerative hierarchal clustering and tested on standard Information retrieval (IR) datasets. The comparative experiment reveals that the proposed approach is effective in improving the cluster quality.
Reduced-Dimension Linear Transform Coding of Correlated Signals in Networks
Creators: name: Goela, Naveen
name: Gastpar, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: A model, called the linear transform network (LTN), is proposed to analyze the compression and estimation of correlated signals transmitted over directed acyclic graphs (DAGs). An LTN is a DAG network with multiple source and receiver nodes. Source nodes transmit subspace projections of random correlated signals by applying reduced-dimension linear transforms. The subspace projections are linearly processed by multiple relays and routed to intended receivers. Each receiver applies a linear estimator to approximate a subset of the sources with minimum mean squared error (MSE) distortion. The model is extended to include noisy networks with power constraints on transmitters. A key task is to compute all local compression matrices and linear estimators in the network to minimize end-to-end distortion. The non-convex problem is solved iteratively within an optimization framework using constrained quadratic programs (QPs). The proposed algorithm recovers as special cases the regular and distributed Karhunen-Loeve transforms (KLTs). Cut-set lower bounds on the distortion region of multi-source, multi-receiver networks are given for linear coding based on convex relaxations. Cut-set lower bounds are also given for any coding strategy based on information theory. The distortion region and compression-estimation tradeoffs are illustrated for different communication demands (e.g. multiple unicast), and graph structures.
description: 33 pages, 7 figures, To appear in IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing
Constraining the (Low-Energy) Type-I Seesaw
Creators: name: de Gouvea, Andre
name: Huang, Wei-Chih
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The type-I seesaw Lagrangian yields a non-generic set of active-sterile oscillation parameters - the neutrino mass eigenvalues and the physical elements of the full mixing matrix are entwined. For this reason one is able to, in principle, test the model by performing enough measurements which are sensitive to neutrino masses and lepton mixing. We point out that for light enough right-handed neutrino masses - less than 10 eV - next-generation short-baseline neutrino oscillation experiments may be able to unambiguously rule out (or "rule in") the low energy seesaw as the Lagrangian that describes neutrino masses. These types of searches are already under consideration in order to address the many anomalies from accelerator neutrino experiments (LSND, MiniBooNe), reactor neutrino experiments (the "reactor anomaly") and others. In order to test the low-energy seesaw, it is crucial to explore different oscillation channels, including nu_e and nu_mu disappearance and nu_mu to nu_tau appearance.
description: 15 pages, five figures
Statistics of resonance width shifts as a signature of eigenfunction non-orthogonality
Creators: name: Fyodorov, Y. V.
name: Savin, D. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider an open (scattering) quantum system under the action of a perturbation of its closed counterpart. It is demonstrated that the resulting shift of resonance widths is a sensitive indicator of the non-orthogonality of resonance wavefunctions, being zero only if those were orthogonal. Focusing further on chaotic systems, we employ random matrix theory to introduce a new type of parametric statistics in open systems, and derive the distribution of the resonance width shifts in the regime of weak coupling to the continuum.
description: 4 pages, 1 figure (published version with minor changes)
title: Abdominal wall endometriosis: thinking outside the box
Creators: name: Mira, Catarina
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Not applicable
subject: Tissue characterisation
subject: Hernia
subject: Surgery
subject: Education
subject: Complications
subject: Ultrasound
subject: MR
subject: CT
subject: Musculoskeletal soft tissue
subject: Genital / Reproductive system female
subject: Abdomen
subject: Genitourinary
subject: Not applicable

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: To describe the common imaging findings of abdominal wall endometriosis, with focus on magnetic resonance; To review typical location of abdominal wall endometriosis lesions and their particularities; To highlight the useful findings in differential...
Epochal Changes in ENSO–Streamflow Relationships in Sri Lanka
Creators: name: Zubair, Lareef M.
name: Chandimala, Janaki
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2006
Subjects: Southern oscillation
Malaria--Epidemiology
Streamflow
Hydrology

description: In an effort to use climate predictions for streamflow and malaria hazard prediction, the decadal variability of the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) influence on streamflow and rainfall in the Kelani River in Sri Lanka was investigated based on records from 1925 to 1995. In the last half century, the warm ENSO phase was associated with decreased annual streamflow and the cold ENSO phase with increased streamflow. The annual streamflow had a negative correlation (warm ENSO associated with low streamflow) with the concurrent ENSO index of Niño-3.4 that was significant at the 5% level. This negative correlation with Niño-3.4 is enhanced to a 1% significance level if the aggregate streamflow from January to September alone is considered. There has been a transition in correlation between January–September streamflow and ENSO between the 1950s and 1970s from near or above zero to negative values that have 95% significance levels reminiscent of an epochal shift. This shift was evident when considering the period when the southwest monsoon dominates (April–September) or when correlations were undertaken between the seasonal streamflow and rainfall and the ENSO index in the month prior to each season. Since the relationship between ENSO and Sri Lankan streamflow has strengthened in recent decades the potential for ENSO-based prediction is retained. The epochal shift may also explain why malaria epidemics ceased to co-occur frequently with El Niño episodes after 1945.
Factors in glutamate excitotoxicity, inflammation and epilepsy
Creators: name: Zhu, Shanshan
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2012

description: Studying the mechanisms underlying glutamate excitotoxicity and inflammatory responses provides hints to the pathology of neurological diseases such as epilepsy. In this dissertation I investigated the expression and function of Krüppel-like factor 4 (KLF4) in glutamate excitotoxicity. I also studied the distribution and the role of progranulin (PGRN) in inflammatory stimulation, in epilepsy and in astrocytes subjected to glutamate excitotoxicity. First, I studied the role of KLF4 and found that NMDA induced KLF4 expression in cultured neurons and in brain slices. Overexpression of KLF4 upregulated cyclin D1 and downregulated p21Waf1/Cip1, suggesting the neuron’s progression into cell cycle. KLF4 expression also induced the cleavage of caspase-3 under conditions of a subtoxic dose of NMDA. Thus our work suggests that KLF4 might play a role in NMDA-induced apoptosis. Second, I studied the function of PGRN and observed that PGRN was enhanced in activated microglia after pilocarpine-induced epilepsy. In mixed cultures, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) also induced PGRN expression. Recombinant PGRN protein promoted microglial activation in the dentate gyrus after epilepsy and in purified microglial cell culture. PGRN was also required for LPS-induced microglial migration. Our work suggests that PGRN may contribute to microglial activation after epileptic and inflammatory insults. Third, I performed a preliminary study on the role of PGRN in purified culture of astrocytes. I found that our cultured astrocytes express PGRN, and PGRN was required for glutamate-induced lactate release. PGRN was also involved in glutamate-induced glucose uptake and participated in the regulation of monocarboxylate transporter 1 (MCT1) expression in excitotoxic conditions. Our findings suggest that PGRN may be involved in glutamate-evoked increase of glycolysis in cultured astrocytes. In conclusion, our findings provide insights into factors involved in glutamate excitotoxicity, inflammation, and epilepsy.
Chapter 2: The Original ToBI System and the Evolution of the ToBI Framework
Creators: name: Beckman, Mary E.
name: Hirschberg, Julia Bell
name: Shattuck-Hufnagel, Stefanie
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Computer science
subject: Information technology
subject: Linguistics
subject: FOS: Languages and literature

description: In this chapter, the authors will try to identify the essential properties of a ToBI framework annotation system by describing the development and design of the original ToBI conventions. In this description, the authors will overview the general phonological theory and the specific theory of Mainstream American English intonation and prosody that the authors decided to incorporate in the original ToBI tags. The authors will also state the practical principles that led us to make the decisions that the authors did. The chapter is organised as follows. Section 2.2 briefly chronicles how the MAE_ToBI system came into being. Section 2.3 briefly describes the consensus account of English intonation and prosody on which the MAE_ToBI system is based. Section 2.4 catalogues the different components of a MAE_ToBI transcription and lists the salient rules which constrain the relationships between different components. This section also expands upon the theoretical foundations and practical consequences of adopting the general structure of multiple labelling tiers, and particularly the separation of the labels for tones from the labels for indexing prosodic boundary strength. Section 2.5 then describes some of the extensions of the basic ToBI tiers that have been adopted by some sites. This section also compares our decisions about the number of tiers and about inter-tier constraints with the analogous decisions for some of the other ToBI systems described in this book. Section 2.6 discusses the status of the symbolic labels relative to the continuous phonetic records that are also an obligatory component of the MAE_ToBI transcription. Section 2.7 then closes by listing several open research questions that the authors would like to see addressed by MAE_ToBI users and the larger ToBI community.
The Strengthening Relationship between ENSO and Northeast Monsoon Rainfall over Sri Lanka and Southern India
Creators: name: Zubair, Lareef M.
name: Ropelewski, Chester F.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2006
Subjects: Rain and rainfall--Analysis
Southern oscillation
Hydrology

description: Recently, it was reported that the relationship of the Indian southwest monsoon rainfall with El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) has weakened since around 1980. Here, it is reported that in contrast, the relationship between ENSO and the northeast monsoon (NEM) in south peninsular India and Sri Lanka from October to December has not weakened. The mean circulation associated with ENSO over this region during October to December does not show the weakening evident in the summer and indeed is modestly intensified so as to augment convection. The intensification of the ENSO–NEM rainfall relationship is modest and within the historical record but stands in contrast to the weakening relationship in summer. The intensification of the circulation is consistent with the warming of surface temperatures over the tropical Indian Ocean in recent decades. There is modestly intensified convection over the Indian Ocean, strengthening of the circulation associated with ENSO (Walker circulation), and enhanced rainfall during El Niño episodes in a manner consistent with an augmented ENSO–NEM relationship.
Combining Localization Cues and Source Model Constraints for Binaural Source Separation
Creators: name: Weiss, Ron J.
name: Mandel, Michael I.
name: Ellis, Daniel P. W.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2011
Subjects: Electrical engineering
Sound

description: We describe a system for separating multiple sources from a two-channel recording based on interaural cues and prior knowledge of the statistics of the underlying source signals. The proposed algorithm effectively combines information derived from low level perceptual cues, similar to those used by the human auditory system, with higher level information related to speaker identity. We combine a probabilistic model of the observed interaural level and phase differences with a prior model of the source statistics and derive an EM algorithm for finding the maximum likelihood parameters of the joint model. The system is able to separate more sound sources than there are observed channels in the presence of reverberation. In simulated mixtures of speech from two and three speakers the proposed algorithm gives a signal-to-noise ratio improvement of 1.7 dB over a baseline algorithm which uses only interaural cues. Further improvement is obtained by incorporating eigenvoice speaker adaptation to enable the source model to better match the sources present in the signal. This improves performance over the baseline by 2.7 dB when the speakers used for training and testing are matched. However, the improvement is minimal when the test data is very different from that used in training.
The Surge and the Speech
Creators: name: Mitchell, Lincoln A.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2010
Subjects: Public policy (Law)
International relations

description: The events in Iraq and the relatively quiet response to President Obama's recent speech on the subject suggest, not surprisingly, that Americans are experiencing a relatively acute case of Iraq fatigue. Nonetheless, the end of U.S. combat operations in Iraq is significant, although it is not really an end.
Integration by Education: A Study of Cameroon‘s Bakola-Bagyeli
Creators: name: Tucker, Sarah
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2011
Subjects: Education
Africans

description: The process of Bakola-Bagyeli integration into the public school system of Kribi, Cameroon entails a delicate balance between modernization, preserving tradition, and protecting human rights. In the case of the Bakola-Bagyeli, education has the potential to foster empowerment, but also to erode culture. Increased integration into the education system decreases time spent learning traditional knowledge and skills, increases sedentarization, and creates a need for money to buy necessities such as books and school uniforms. Seeking money obliges Bakola-Bagyeli families to join the market economy through working and shopping, further detracting from their culture of self-sufficiency. The alternative to education is a continuing rural subsistence of their life in the forest, isolated from—and thus left vulnerable to—the processes that impact the forest and their way of life. The lack of Bakola-Bagyeli presence in the broader community in and around Kribi has meant that their voice has been largely missing from decision-making processes, despite the efforts of organizations and individuals to speak on their behalf. I focused my research on the challenges faced by the Bakola-Bagyeli, the potential of education as a tool to address these challenges, and the utility of education as perceived by the Bakola-Bagyeli themselves, school officials, and members of Kribi civil society.
Experimental Study on Energy Dissipation of Electrolytes in Nanopores
Creators: name: Zhao, Jianbing
name: Culligan, Patricia J.
name: Germaine, John T.
name: Chen, Xi
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2009
Subjects: Nanoscience

description: When a nonwetting fluid is forced to infiltrate a hydrophobic nanoporous solid, the external mechanical work is partially dissipated into thermal energy and partially converted to the liquid-solid interface energy to increase its enthalpy, resulting in a system with a superior energy absorption performance. To clarify the energy dissipation and conversion mechanisms, experimental infiltration and defiltration tests of liquid/ion solutions into nanopores of a hydrophobic ZSM-5 zeolite were conducted. The characteristics of energy dissipation were quantified by measuring the temperature variation of the immersed liquid environment and compared against that estimated from pressure-infiltration volume isotherms during infiltration and defiltration stages of the test. Both stages were observed to be endothermic, with the temperature of the liquid phase showing a steady increase with changes in liquid saturation. The confinement of the molecular-sized pore space causes the liquid molecules/ions to transit between statuses of orderly and disorderly motions, resulting in dissipation behaviors that vary with liquid infiltration/defiltration rates and the types and concentrations of additive electrolytes in the liquid—both factors of which alter the characteristics of the nanofluidic transport behavior.
A Domain-Specific Language for Generating Dataflow Analyzers
Creators: name: Zheng, Jia
name: Mitchell, Chuck
name: Edwards, Stephen A.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2006
Subjects: Computer science

description: Dataflow analysis is a well-understood and very powerful technique for analyzing programs as part of the compilation process. Virtually all compilers use some sort of dataflow analysis as part of their optimization phase. However, despite being well-understood theoretically, such analyses are often difficult to code, making it difficult to quickly experiment with variants. To address this, we developed a domain-specific language, Analyzer Generator (AG), that synthesizes dataflow analysis phases for Microsoft's Phoenix compiler framework. AG hides the fussy details needed to make analyses modular, yet generates code that is as efficient as the hand-coded equivalent. One key construct we introduce allows IR object classes to be extended without recompiling. Experimental results on three analyses show that AG code can be one-tenth the size of the equivalent handwritten C++ code with no loss of performance. It is our hope that AG will make developing new dataflow analyses much easier.
Additional file 5 of Study on the transcriptome for breast muscle of chickens and the function of key gene RAC2 on fibroblasts proliferation
Creators: name: Zhang, Genxi
name: Wu, Pengfei
name: Zhou, Kaizhi
name: He, Mingliang
name: Zhang, Xinchao
name: Qiu, Cong
name: Li, Tingting
name: Zhang, Tao
name: Xie, Kaizhou
name: Dai, Guojun
name: Wang, Jinyu
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 5: Table S2. Primer sequences for qPCR.
The Debt Ceiling and America's Role in the World
Creators: name: Mitchell, Lincoln A.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Political science
subject: FOS: Political science

description: Because the U.S. is still the most powerful state in the world, decisions and policies pursued by the U.S. can have impacts in almost every corner of the planet. Not surprisingly policy makers, journalists, diplomats and ordinary people in every country are often concerned about American policies which affect them. One of the most difficult aspects of American foreign policy to explain to people outside the U.S. is the tremendous role of domestic politics in foreign policy. Many people understand this to mean simply the power of ethnic lobbies and often overstate the role of these lobbies in determining U.S. foreign policy, but the relationship between domestic and foreign policy is much deeper and more complex than that.
Disorder, cluster spin glass, and hour-glass spectra in striped magnetic insulators
Creators: name: Andrade, Eric C.
name: Vojta, Matthias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Hour-glass-shaped magnetic excitation spectra have been detected in a variety of doped transition-metal oxides with stripe-like charge order. Compared to the predictions of spin-wave theory, these spectra display a different intensity distribution and anomalous broadening. Here we show, based on a comprehensive modelling of these phenomena for La5/3Sr1/3CoO4, how quenched disorder in the charge sector causes frustration, and consequently cluster-glass behavior at low temperatures, in the spin sector. This spin-glass physics, which is insensitive to the detailed nature of the charge disorder, but sensitive to the relative strength of the magnetic inter-stripe coupling, ultimately determines the distribution of magnetic spectral weight and thus causes the hour-glass spectrum.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures. Supplemental Material: 8 pages, 10 figures. Explicit comparison to experimental results in La5/3Sr1/3CoO4 included
Dipole Moment Dark Matter at the LHC
Creators: name: Barger, Vernon
name: Keung, Wai-Yee
name: Marfatia, Danny
name: Tseng, Po-Yan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Monojet and monophoton final states with large missing transverse energy (${\not E}_T$) are important for dark matter (DM) searches at colliders. We present analytic expressions for the differential cross sections for the parton-level processes, $q\bar{q}(qg)\to g(q)χ\barχ$ and $q\bar{q}\to γχ\barχ$, for a neutral DM particle with a magnetic dipole moment (MDM) or an electric dipole moment (EDM). We collectively call such DM candidates dipole moment dark matter (DMDM). We also provide monojet cross sections for scalar, vector and axial-vector interactions. We then use ATLAS/CMS monojet${+\not E}_T$ data and CMS monophoton$+{\not E}_T$ data to constrain DMDM. We find that 7 TeV LHC bounds on the MDM DM-proton scattering cross section are about six orders of magnitude weaker than on the conventional spin-independent cross section.
description: 11 pages, 3 figures. Version to appear in PLB
title: Diagnostic challenges in pediatric radiology: how 3D planning and printing could improve the management
Creators: name: Munuera, Josep
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Developmental disease
subject: Perception image
subject: Computer Applications-Virtual imaging
subject: Computer Applications-3D
subject: MR
subject: Experimental
subject: CT
subject: Paediatric
subject: Computer applications
subject: Anatomy
subject: Paediatric
subject: Not applicable
subject: Observational
subject: Performed at one institution

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: To analyze the role of 3D planning (3DP) in complex cases in pediatric radiology. To outline key technical tips and tricks, advantages and limitations of 3DPP to perform a proper diagnosis. How to improve the diagnosis with 3DPP in order to...
Buffer Sharing in Rendezvous Programs
Creators: name: Vasudevan, Nalini
name: Edwards, Stephen A.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2010
Subjects: Computer science

description: Most compilers focus on optimizing performance, often at the expense of memory, but efficient memory use can be just as important in constrained environments such as embedded systems. This paper presents a memory reduction technique for rendezvous communication, which is applied to the deterministic concurrent programming language SHIM. It focuses on reducing memory consumption by sharing communication buffers among tasks. It determines pairs of buffers that can never be in use simultaneously and use a shared region of memory for each pair. The technique produces a static abstraction of a SHIM program's dynamic behavior, which is then analyzed to find buffers that are never occupied simultaneously. Experiments show the technique runs quickly on modest-sized programs and can sometimes reduce memory requirements by half.
title: Magnetic resonance imaging of ischemic stroke and its correlation with multimodal computed tomography
Creators: name: Guirado Isla, Laura
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Not applicable
subject: Not applicable
subject: Ischaemia / Infarction
subject: Imaging sequences
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: MR
subject: CT
subject: Neuroradiology brain
subject: CNS
subject: Neuro

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: To review the epidemiology and pathophysiology of cerebral ischemic infarction. To expose the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) protocol of study of ischemic stroke and review the usefulness of the different acquisition sequences. To establish the...
Physical cell separation using microfluidic funnel ratchets
Creators: name: McFaul, Sarah Marie
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2012

description: The separation of biological cells using non-chemical methods is important to many areas of medicine and biology. Filtration through microstructured constrictions is one such method where cells can be separated by a combination of size and deformability. This technique, however, is limited by unpredictable variations of the filter hydrodynamic resistance as cells accumulate in the microstructure. Applying a reverse flow to unclog the filter will undo the separation and reduce filter selectivity because of the reversibility of low-Reynolds number flow. This work introduces a microfluidic structural ratchet mechanism to separate cells using oscillatory flow through a 2-dimensional array of funnel-shaped structures. Devices are fabricated using multi-layer soft lithography of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) and flow is controlled using pressure sources and on-chip membrane valves. An iterative procedure of design and testing is used to produce a final device which is characterized by the sorting and separation of L1210 mouse lymphoma cells (MLCs), peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from healthy donors, as well as polystyrene microparticles. The ability of this mechanism to sort and separate cells/particles based on size and deformability is investigated and confirmed. Additionally, the spatial distribution of cells after sorting is demonstrated to be repeatable and the separation process is shown to be irreversible. This mechanism can be applied generally to separate cells that differ by size and/or deformability.
Existence and uniqueness of Bowen-York Trumpets
Creators: name: Waxenegger, G.
name: Beig, R.
name: Murchadha, N. Ó
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 83Cxx

description: We prove the existence of initial data sets which possess an asymptotically flat and an asymptotically cylindrical end. Such geometries are known as trumpets in the community of numerical relativists.
description: This corresponds to the published version in Class. Quantum Grav. 28 (2011) 245002
When Time Isn‘t Money: An Analysis of Early Voting and Campaign Spending
Creators: name: Zakahi, Philip J.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Political science
subject: FOS: Political science

description: In an October 1, 2008, Washington Post piece titled, "Nov. 4 Isn‘t the Only Election Day; Campaigns Adjust as Early Voting Rises," Mary Pat Flaherty outlines the tactics major party presidential campaigns use to win over "electoral gold"—the "early voters" who take advantage of laws in thirty-six states allowing them to vote before Election Day. In some states, a majority of voters now cast their ballots before Election Day, and media reports like Flaherty‘s suggest campaigns have adjusted to the increasingly large number of early voters. They use specially targeted ads and get-out-the-vote operations to reach voters who might vote early. Scholars, however, have yet to adjust their work to incorporate these changes in campaign practices. While there is a large body of literature exploring the changes in turnout and electoral demographics due to early voting, there is almost no research examining the role of early voting in campaign behavior. This appears particularly important for scholars examining the role of campaign expenditures on electoral outcomes. Existing work simply does not account for a world in which a large number of voters have cast their ballots before campaigns have spent 100 percent of their funds. This study begins to fill that gap by demonstrating that candidates do spend money earlier in states with early voting and offering evidence to suggest this early spending may not necessarily give candidates an electoral advantage. The first finding helps to validate the claims made by campaign experts and news media about the impact of early voting on campaigns. The second finding can guide the spending of campaigns in states where there is early voting and candidates may be tempted to spend their funds early. Together, they challenge the academic literature to account for the growing role of early voters.
title: Multiparametric ultrasound in the diagnosis and follow-up of diverticulitis
Creators: name: Bozzato, Alessandro
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: GI Tract
subject: Abdomen
subject: Colon
subject: Gastrointestinal tract
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Ultrasound-Colour Doppler
subject: Contrast agent-intravenous
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Radiation safety
subject: Abscess
subject: Diverticula
subject: Inflammation
subject: Not applicable

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: To illustrate the imaging findings of multiparametric ultrasound (MPUS) , which includes gray-scale US, color Doppler and contrast agent–enhanced US (CEUS), in uncomplicated and complicated diverticulitis...
Garbage, power, and environmental justice: the clean power plan rule
Creators: name: Baptista, Ana Isabel
name: Amarnath, Kumar Kartik
Publisher: name: Mountain Scholar
Year: 2017
Subjects: Clean Power Plan
CPP
waste incineration
biogenic waste
zero waste
climate change
waste pellets

description: Presented at the Environmental justice in the Anthropocene symposium held on April 24-25, 2017 at the Lory Student Center, Colorado State University, Fort Collins Colorado. This symposium aims to bring together academics (faculty and graduate students), independent researchers, community and movement activists, and regulatory and policy practitioners from across disciplines, research areas, perspectives, and different countries. Our overarching goal is to build on several decades of EJ research and practice to address the seemingly intractable environmental and ecological problems of this unfolding era. How can we explore EJ amongst humans and between nature and humans, within and across generations, in an age when humans dominate the landscape? How can we better understand collective human dominance without obscuring continuing power differentials and inequities within and between human societies? What institutional and governance innovations can we adopt to address existing challenges and to promote just transitions and futures?
description: Includes bibliographical references.
description: April 2016
title: Radiological signs of cystic pancreatic lesions: a practical guide for differential diagnosis
Creators: name: Guirado Isla, Laura
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Abdominal Viscera
subject: Abdomen
subject: Pancreas
subject: CT
subject: MR
subject: MR-Cholangiography
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Cysts
subject: Neoplasia
subject: Not applicable

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: To expose the current classification of cystic lesions of the pancreas. To describe the characteristics of the most common pancreatic cystic lesions in imaging tests, mainly computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), with an...
title: How to start an image sharing social media community in radiology?
Creators: name: Pelyvás, Bence
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Not applicable
subject: Not applicable
subject: Education and training
subject: eLearning
subject: Education
subject: Computer Applications-General
subject: Ultrasound
subject: CT
subject: Conventional radiography
subject: Computer applications
subject: Imaging Informatics

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: The aim of this poster is to encourage radiology departments and communities to share cases and knowledge of medical imaging. Experiences of a community-based Instagram page by the Youth Committee of Hungarian Society of Radiologists will be...
Learning mindfulness : dialogue and inquiry from an action-theoretical perspective
Creators: name: Dyer, Brenda Lee
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: The processes of learning mindfulness were explored in this case study by analyzing the transcripts of teacher-student interactions in the Dialogue and Inquiry periods of a Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) course. The following research questions guided the inquiry: What is the process of learning mindfulness through Dialogue and Inquiry of an MBSR course? How does the social learning of mindfulness in Dialogue and Inquiry construct the experience of mindfulness? The qualitative “action-project method” was used to collect and analyse the data which were comprised of class dialogues, self-confrontation interviews (video process-recall interviews) and weekly logs gathered over nine weekly sessions. The analysis of these multi-perspectival data offered a comprehensive insight into the mindfulness-teacher and students’ internal cognitive, emotional and somatic processes in learning (and teaching) mindfulness, their individual and joint goals concerning mindfulness, behavioural manifestations of mindfulness, and lastly, the social meanings of mindfulness. The action processes identified and described in the findings of this study suggest that, while the mindfulness project was the super ordinate class joint project, it was embedded in and constituted by a concurrent relationship project made up of teacher-student, student-student, and self connections. The mindfulness curriculum was to a large part embodied by the teacher, who initiated many of the actions in the dialogue in a teacher-led inquiry, drawing the students into joint sub-ordinate projects of noticing (attention), describing (language) and understanding (insight). Further, the joint projects of helping (compassion) and relating (connection), often implicit and spontaneous, informed both the mindfulness and relationship projects. The findings offered theoretical, pedagogical and clinical implications for the teaching and learning of mindfulness. The study also shifted the gaze from mindfulness as an individual cognitive phenomenon to a dynamic relational process.
title: Extraosseous Ewing Sarcoma: Case Reports and Literature Review
Creators: name: Zhou, Lisha
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biopsy
subject: MR
subject: CT
subject: Oncology
subject: Musculoskeletal spine
subject: Abdomen
subject: Oncologic Imaging
subject: Surgery
subject: Cancer
subject: Retrospective
subject: Diagnostic or prognostic study
subject: Multicentre study

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: We report three cases of Extraosseous Ewing’s sarcoma focused on radiological imaging features and review the literature to improve the recognition of Extraosseous Ewing’s...
Structural Dysfunction in Foreign Policy
Creators: name: Mitchell, Lincoln A.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2011
Subjects: Public administration
International relations

description: Diplomats, academics and other foreign policy experts who visit the U.S. are often struck by the quality and size of the foreign policy community. It is, therefore, even more puzzling and upsetting that such a smart, large and vibrant community of foreign policy experts consistently produces such uncreative frequently, unsuccessful and often dysfunctional policies, leading to an expensive network of military bases, poorly thought out wars, diminished leverage will both allies and adversaries and failure to take meaningful leadership on issues of global import such as climate change. U.S. foreign policy is trapped by the illogic of its bureaucracy, an unwillingness to disaggregate what is desirable from what is possible and a view of the U.S. role in the world that is not only inaccurate, but so deeply held that it is rarely seriously challenged even in an otherwise very deliberative foreign policy community.
Electrophysiological effects of C-type natriuretic peptide in the heart and in the central nervous system: the role of the NPR-C receptor
Creators: name: Rose, Robert Alan
Publisher: name: University of Calgary
Year: 2005

description: Bibliography: p. 171-206
description: C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP) is one member of a group of related peptide hormones, which also includes atrial and brain natriuretic peptides, that elicit a wide range of effects in vertebrates, including humans. The natriuretic peptide C receptor (NPR-C) is functionally linked to an inhibitory G protein (Gi) that inhibits adenylyl cyclase (via the a subunit) and activates phospholipase C (PLC; via the ~y subunit). This thesis describes novel electrophysiological effects of CNP in cardiac myocytes, fibroblasts , and hypothalamic neurons that are specifically mediated by NPR-C. In isolated bullfrog atrial myocytes CNP (1 o-8 M) significantly shortened the duration and decreased the amplitude of the action potential. CNP and the NPR-C selective agonist, cANF (10-8 M), significantly decreased the L-type Ca2 + current Clca(L)) without altering the inward rectifier K+ current indicating that CNP inhibits Ica(L) when it binds NPR-C. To explore the selectivity of CNP effects voltage clamp studies on isolated sinoatrial (SA) node myocytes were performed. In these myocytes CNP and cANF strongly inhibited isoproterenol-stimulated Ica(L) without altering another cAMP sensitive current, Ir. Measurement of EC Gs in Langendorff-perfused mouse hearts revealed the ability of CNP and cANF to decrease heart rate. A similar pattern of results was observed in magnocellular neurosecretory cells (MN Cs) of the hypothalamus. In these neurons, which are responsible for the release of vasopressin and oxytocin, CNP and cANF selectively inhibited Ica(L)· Another voltage gated Ca2+ current, Ica(T), was not modulated by CNP. The inhibition oflca(L) resulted in a decrease in MNC excitability and a shortening of action potential duration in these neurons. In isolated cardiac fibroblasts, CNP and cANF activated an outwardly rectifying current with an apparent reversal potential near O m V. This current was inhibited by the transient receptor potential (TRP) channel blockers Gd3 \ SKF 96365 and 2-APB. The response was also antagonized by the PLC antagonist U73122. Together, these results indicate that CNP activates a TRP channel in cardiac fibroblasts following the activation of PLC by the NPR-C receptor. These data provide the first description of electrophysiological effects of CNP that are mediated by NPR-C in the heart and the hypothalamus.
SPECIAL URGENCY AND EMERGENCY SLAUGHTER: MANAGEMENT OF HEALTH PROBLEMS
Creators: name: Beghetto, Mara
name: Ferrarini, Stefano
name: Secondin, Giovanni
name: Ruffo, Giancarlo
name: Fossati, Paola
Publisher: name: Rassegna di Diritto, Legislazione e Medicina Legale Veterinaria
Year: 2018

description: The Authors take account of the difference between special urgency slaughter and emergency slaughter as well as of the management of the bovine animals and bovine carcasses, from culling on farm to the entry into the slaughterhouse. The Authors highlight the various and multiple health problems associated with this type of slaughter.
description: Rassegna di Diritto, Legislazione e Medicina Legale Veterinaria, V. 17, N. 2 (2018): MACELLAZIONE SPECIALE D’URGENZA E D’EMERGENZA: GESTIONE DELLE PROBLEMATICHE DI ORDINE SANITARIO
title: Simple Guide to the Painless Paracentesis: The Improved Patient Experience
Creators: name: Yap, Samuel
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Abdominal Viscera
subject: Abdomen
subject: Interventional non-vascular
subject: Liver
subject: Percutaneous
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Ultrasound-Colour Doppler
subject: Catheters
subject: Complications
subject: Puncture
subject: Cirrhosis
subject: Image guided radiotherapy
subject: Varices
subject: Not applicable
subject: Performed at one institution

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: To review the indications, diagnostic imaging, interventional methods, contraindications, and potential complications of ultrasound guided paracentesis To gain insight to the potential complications of a paracentesis To learn optimal methods for a...
Krylov-space approach to the equilibrium and the nonequilibrium single-particle Green's function
Creators: name: Balzer, Matthias
name: Gdaniec, Nadine
name: Potthoff, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The zero-temperature single-particle Green's function of correlated fermion models with moderately large Hilbert-space dimensions can be calculated by means of Krylov-space techniques. The conventional Lanczos approach consists of finding the ground state in a first step, followed by an approximation for the resolvent of the Hamiltonian in a second step. We analyze the character of this approximation and discuss a numerically exact variant of the Lanczos method which is formulated in the time domain. This method is extended to get the nonequilibrium single-particle Green's function defined on the Keldysh-Matsubara contour in the complex time plane. The proposed method will be important as an exact-diagonalization solver in the context of self-consistent or variational cluster-embedding schemes. For the recently developed nonequilibrium cluster-perturbation theory, we discuss the efficient implementation and demonstrate the feasibility of the Krylov-based solver. The dissipation of a strong local magnetic excitation into a non-interacting bath is considered as an example for applications.
description: 20 pages, 5 figures, v2 with minor corrections, JPCM in press