cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
High-order finite-volume discretisations for solving a modified advection-diffusion problem on unstructured triangular meshes
Creators: name: Van Altena, Michael
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: A fourth-order accurate diffusive flux calculation scheme has been developed which can be incorporated into any existing reconstruction-based unstructured mesh inviscid flow solver. The flux scheme makes use of a Laplace problem to model the viscous terms and of the existing least-squares reconstruction code used in Dr. Carl F. Ollivier-Gooch's inviscid flow solver. Boundary conditions on the solution are enforced during the reconstruction, which requires boundary constraints to be included in the least-squares matrix. The Taylor Constraints method for generating boundary constraints is developed and then discarded due to its drawbacks. The Gauss Constraints method is then developed which is simpler and avoids the drawbacks of the Taylor Constraints method. The flux integration is validated to demonstrate fourth-order accuracy on square, circle and cardioid meshes with a combination of Dirichlet and Neumann boundary conditions. The flux integration scheme is shown to be fourth-order accurate for a modified advection-diffusion problem of the same form as the Navier-Stokes' momentum equations. The diffusive flux calculation scheme can later be combined with an existing inviscid flow solver to solve the viscous compressible Navier-Stokes' equations.
The Atacama Cosmology Telescope: Detection of the Pairwise Kinematic Sunyaev-Zel'dovich Effect with SDSS DR15 Galaxies
Creators: name: Calafut, Victoria
name: Gallardo, Patricio A.
name: Vavagiakis, Eve M.
name: Amodeo, Stefania
name: Aiola, Simone
name: Austermann, Jason E.
name: Battaglia, Nicholas
name: Battistelli, Elia S.
name: Beall, James A.
name: Bean, Rachel
name: Bond, J. Richard
name: Calabrese, Erminia
name: Choi, Steve K.
name: Cothard, Nicholas F.
name: Devlin, Mark J.
name: Duell, Cody J.
name: Duff, S. M.
name: Duivenvoorden, Adriaan J.
name: Dunkley, Jo
name: Dunner, Rolando
name: Ferraro, Simone
name: Guan, Yilun
name: Hill, J. Colin
name: Hilton, Matt
name: Hlozek, Renee
name: Huber, Zachary B.
name: Hubmayr, Johannes
name: Huffenberger, Kevin M.
name: Hughes, John P.
name: Koopman, Brian J.
name: Kosowsky, Arthur
name: Li, Yaqiong
name: Lokken, Martine
name: Madhavacheril, Mathew
name: McMahon, Jeff
name: Moodley, Kavilan
name: Naess, Sigurd
name: Nati, Federico
name: Newburgh, Laura B.
name: Niemack, Michael D.
name: Page, Lyman
name: Partridge, Bruce
name: Schaan, Emmanuel
name: Schillaci, Alessandro
name: Sifon, Cristobal
name: Spergel, David N.
name: Staggs, Suzanne T.
name: Ullom, Joel N.
name: Vale, Leila R.
name: Van Engelen, Alexander
name: Wollack, Edward J.
name: Xu, Zhilei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a 5.4$σ$ detection of the pairwise kinematic Sunyaev-Zel'dovich (kSZ) effect using Atacama Cosmology Telescope (ACT) and $\it{Planck}$ CMB observations in combination with Luminous Red Galaxy samples from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) DR15 catalog. Results are obtained using three ACT CMB maps: co-added 150 GHz and 98 GHz maps, combining observations from 2008-2018 (ACT DR5), which overlap with SDSS DR15 over 3,700 sq. deg., and a component-separated map using night-time only observations from 2014-2015 (ACT DR4), overlapping with SDSS DR15 over 2,089 sq. deg. Comparisons of the results from these three maps provide consistency checks in relation to potential frequency-dependent foreground contamination. A total of 343,647 galaxies are used as tracers to identify and locate galaxy groups and clusters from which the kSZ signal is extracted using aperture photometry. We consider the impact of various aperture photometry assumptions and covariance estimation methods on the signal extraction. Theoretical predictions of the pairwise velocities are used to obtain best-fit, mass-averaged, optical depth estimates for each of five luminosity-selected tracer samples. A comparison of the kSZ-derived optical depth measurements obtained here to those derived from the thermal SZ effect for the same sample is presented in a companion paper.
description: 17 pages, 10 figures. Updated to match published version in PRD
Skeleton and fractal scaling in complex networks
Creators: name: Goh, K. -I.
name: Salvi, G.
name: Kahng, B.
name: Kim, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We find that the fractal scaling in a class of scale-free networks originates from the underlying tree structure called skeleton, a special type of spanning tree based on the edge betweenness centrality. The fractal skeleton has the property of the critical branching tree. The original fractal networks are viewed as a fractal skeleton dressed with local shortcuts. An in-silico model with both the fractal scaling and the scale-invariance properties is also constructed. The framework of fractal networks is useful in understanding the utility and the redundancy in networked systems.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures, final version published in PRL
Quantum erasure within the Optical Stern-Gerlach Model
Creators: name: Chianello, M.
name: Tumminello, M.
name: Vaglica, A.
name: Vetri, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the optical Stern-Gerlach effect the two branches in which the incoming atomic packet splits up can display interference pattern outside the cavity when a field measurement is made which erases the which-way information on the quantum paths the system can follow. On the contrary, the mere possibility to acquire this information causes a decoherence effect which cancels out the interference pattern. A phase space analysis is also carried out to investigate on the negativity of the Wigner function and on the connection between its covariance matrix and the distinguishability of the quantum paths.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures
Classification of primary constraints for new general relativity in the premetric approach
Creators: name: Guzman, Maria-Jose
name: Ibraheem, Shymaa Khaled
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce a novel procedure for studying the Hamiltonian formalism of new general relativity (NGR) based on the mathematical properties encoded in the constitutive tensor defined by the premetric approach. We derive the canonical momenta conjugate to the tetrad field and study the eigenvalues of the Hessian tensor, which is mapped to a Hessian matrix with the help of indexation formulas. The properties of the Hessian matrix heavily rely on the possible values of the free coefficients $c_i, i=1,2,3$ appearing in the NGR Lagrangian. We find four null eigenvalues associated with trivial primary constraints in the temporal part of the momenta. The remaining eigenvalues are grouped in four sets, which have multiplicity 3, 1, 5 and 3, and can be set to zero depending on different choices of the coefficients $c_i$. There are nine possible different cases when one, two, or three sets of eigenvalues are imposed to vanish simultaneously. All cases lead to a different number of primary constraints, which are consistent with previous work on the Hamiltonian analysis of NGR by Blixt et al. (2018).
description: 13 pages, 2 tables, no figures, comments welcome; title changed, discussion added
Some Uncertainties of Slope Stability Analyses
Creators: name: Deen, Robert C.
name: Hopkins, Tommy C.
name: Allen, David L.
Publisher: name: Kentucky Transportation Center, University of Kentucky
Year: 1977
Subjects: subject: Transportation Engineering

description: Some practical limitations of total stress and effective stress analyses are discussed. For clays having a liquidity index of 0.36 or greater, φ-equal-zero analyses based on laboratory undrained shear strengths give factors of safety close to the actual factor of safety. However, based on field vane strengths, φ-equal-zero analyses may yield factors of safety which may be too high. The difference between field vane and calculated shear strengths increased as the plasticity index increased. For clays having a liquidity index less than 0.36, φ-equal-zero analyses using laboratory undrained shear strengths give factors of safety that are much too high; but the strength parameters can be corrected by the empirical relationship presented herein. An empirical relationship for correcting vane shear strength is also presented. A method is proposed for predicting the probable success of a φ-equal-zero analysis.  Data suggest that overconsolidated clays and clay shales or clays having a liquidity index less than 0.36 pose the greatest slope design dilemma. An effective stress analysis based on peak triaxial shear strength parameters generally yields factors of safety which are too high; residual shear strength parameters frequently yield factors of safety which are too low. To approximate the theoretical strength of an overconsolidated clay which has undergone a process of softening, the effective stress parameters might be obtained from triaxial tests performed on remolded, normally consolidated clay. It is suggested the soil be remolded to a moisture content equal to the plastic limit plus the product of 0.36 and the plasticity index.
Flexible Pavement Designs to Support Various Vehicle Configurations
Creators: name: Deen, Robert C.
name: Southgate, Herbert F.
Publisher: name: Kentucky Transportation Center, University of Kentucky
Year: 1977
Subjects: subject: Transportation Engineering

description: Pavement designers are often asked if pavements can be designed to carry and support the unusually heavy loads which have been known to use portions of the highway system. In some instances, for example, haul roads leading to highway or other construction projects or haul roads associated with mining, heavy loads have become commonplace and extra-legal. Within limitations of engineering experience, there appears to be no reason why pavements cannot be designed for these heavy loads. Of course, the restrictive factor in implementing such designs may be the excessive costs of construction. Even so, excessive maintenance costs otherwise associated with heavy loads on inadequate pavements could make the design and construction of super-duty pavements economically feasible. The background and framework of a flexible pavement design schema have been reported previously.
Why are AGN found in High Mass Galaxies?
Creators: name: Wang, Lan
name: Kauffmann, Guinevere
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use semi-analytic models implemented in the Millennium Simulation to analyze the merging histories of dark matter haloes and of the galaxies that reside in them. We assume that supermassive black holes only exist in galaxies that have experienced at least one major merger. Only a few percent of galaxies with stellar masses less than $M_* < 10^{10} M_{\odot}$ are predicted to have experienced a major merger and to contain a black hole. The fraction of galaxies with black holes increases very steeply at larger stellar masses. This agrees well with the observed strong mass dependence of the fraction of nearby galaxies that contain either low-luminosity (LINER-type) or higher-luminosity (Seyfert or composite-type) AGN. We then investigate when the major mergers that first create the black holes are predicted to occur. High mass galaxies are predicted to have formed their black holes at very early epochs. The majority of low mass galaxies never experience a major merger and hence do not contain a black hole, but a significant fraction of the supermassive black holes that do exist in low mass galaxies are predicted to have formed recently.
description: 7 pages,7 figures, MNRAS submitted
Problem Identification for Highway Safety Plan
Creators: name: Pigman, Jerry G.
name: Agent, Kenneth R.
name: Crabtree, Joseph D.
Publisher: name: Kentucky Transportation Center, University of Kentucky
Year: 1980
Subjects: subject: Transportation Engineering

description: To comply with Section 402, Title 23 of the United States Code, each state is required to prepare an annual highway safety program. Kentucky's program, which includes identification, programming, budgeting, and evaluation of highway safety projects, is intended to have a positive impact on the reduction of traffic accidents. The first step in the program, problem identification, requires systematic, statistical analyses of accident records. In-depth analyses of accident data were performed, and 29 problem areas were investigated. Accident rates were found for counties and cities in the following categories: total accidents; fatal accidents; accidents by driver age and sex; and speed-, alcohol-, and drug-related accidents. In addition, rates were reported for accidents involving pedestrians, bicycles, motorcycles, school buses, commercial buses, combination trucks, single-unit trucks, railroad trains, and emergency vehicles.  This is the second report on problem identification prepared for the Office of Highway Safety Programs. Last year's problem identification analysis was included in its entirety in Kentucky's Annual Highway Safety Plan for Fiscal Year 1980.
Resolving spacetime singularities in flux compactifications & KKLT
Creators: name: Carta, Federico
name: Moritz, Jakob
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In flux compactifications of type IIB string theory with D3 and seven-branes, the negative induced D3 charge localized on seven-branes leads to an apparently pathological profile of the metric sufficiently close to the source. With the volume modulus stabilized in a KKLT de Sitter vacuum this pathological region takes over a significant part of the entire compactification, threatening to spoil the KKLT effective field theory. In this paper we employ the Seiberg-Witten solution of pure $SU(N)$ super Yang-Mills theory to argue that wrapped seven-branes can be thought of as bound states of more microscopic exotic branes. We argue that the low-energy worldvolume dynamics of a stack of $n$ such exotic branes is given by the $(A_1,A_{n-1})$ Argyres-Douglas theory. Moreover, the splitting of the perturbative (in $α'$) seven-brane into its constituent branes at the non-perturbative level resolves the apparently pathological region close to the seven-brane and replaces it with a region of $\mathcal{O}(1)$ Einstein frame volume. While this region generically takes up an $\mathcal{O}(1)$ fraction of the compactification in a KKLT de Sitter vacuum we argue that a small flux superpotential \textit{dynamically} ensures that the 4d effective field theory of KKLT remains valid nevertheless.
description: 42 pages, 19 figures, 1 appendix; v2: references added, minor corrections; v3: monodromies corrected, reference added; v4: matches version published in JHEP
The strong coupling from an improved $τ$ vector isovector spectral function
Creators: name: Boito, Diogo
name: Golterman, Maarten
name: Maltman, Kim
name: Peris, Santiago
name: Rodrigues, Marcus V.
name: Schaaf, Wilder
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We combine ALEPH and OPAL results for the spectral distributions measured in $τ\toπ^-π^0ν_τ$, $τ\to 2π^-π^+π^0ν_τ$ and $τ\toπ^-3π^0ν_τ$ decays with (i) recent BaBar results for the analogous $τ\to K^- K^0ν_τ$ distribution and (ii) estimates of the contributions from other hadronic $τ$-decay modes obtained using CVC and electroproduction data, to obtain a new and more precise non-strange, inclusive vector, isovector spectral function. The BaBar $K^- K^0$ and CVC/electroproduction results provide us with alternate, entirely data-based input for the contributions of all exclusive modes for which ALEPH and OPAL employed Monte-Carlo-based estimates. We use the resulting spectral function to determine $α_s(m_τ)$, the strong coupling at the $τ$ mass scale, employing finite energy sum rules. Using the fixed-order perturbation theory (FOPT) prescription, we find $α_s(m_τ)=0.3077\pm 0.0075$, which corresponds to the five-flavor result $α_s(M_Z)=0.1171\pm 0.0010$ at the $Z$ mass. While we also provide an estimate using contour-improved perturbation theory (CIPT), we point out that the FOPT prescription is to be preferred for comparison with other $α_s$ determinations employing the $\overline{\rm MS}$ scheme, especially given the inconsistency between CIPT and the standard operator product expansion recently pointed out in the literature. Additional experimental input on the dominant $2π$ and $4π$ modes would allow for further improvements to the current analysis.
description: 38 pages, 8 figures, published version
Elicitation of evidentials
Creators: name: Parker, Verdena
name: Escamilla, Ramón
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: hup

description: Audio files VP-290717-02a/c and VP-290717-03a/c: evidentials elicitation; material from de Haan 2001, partial recap of Escamilla's 2013 and 2014 work; many psych/feel predicates: 'think' 'dream' 'feel happy' about X' 'believe' (VP-290717-02a/c); evidentials, continued with de Haan 2001 ("The Place of Inference within the Evidential System," International Journal of American Linguistics 67(2): 193-219) beginning with general statements (e.g., 'birds sing' 'fish swim' 'cups are for drinking with') paired with various evidentials; non-mirative -gya' with second-person around 38:00 (VP-290717-03a/c).
Influence of Topology and Porosity on Size Effects in Stripes of Cellular Material with Honeycomb Structure under Shear, Tension and Bending
Creators: name: Pham, Rinh Dinh
name: Hütter, Geralf
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Cellular solids are known to exhibit size effects, i.e., differences in the apparent effective elastic moduli, when the specimen size becomes comparable to the cell size. The present contribution employs direct numerical simulations (DNS) of the mesostructure to investigate the influences of porosity, shape of pores, and thus material distribution along the struts, and orientation of loading on the size effects and effective moduli of regular honeycomb structures. Beam models are compared to continuum models for simple shear, uniaxial loading and pure bending of strips of finite width. It is found that the honeycomb structure exhibits a considerable anisotropy of the size effects and that honeycomb structures with circular pores exhibit considerably stronger size effects than those with hexagonal pores (and thus straight struts). Positive (stiffening) size effects are observed under simple shear and negative (softening) size effects under bending and uniaxial loading. The negative size effects are interpreted in terms of the stress-gradient theory.
On the dynamics and control of manipulators with slewing and deployable links
Creators: name: Chen, Yuan
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Space manipulators present several features uncommon to ground-based robots: they are highly flexible, often mobile, and have a degree of redundancy. As space robots become more complex, effective formulation procedures and efficient algorithms are required to evaluate their performance. The present study aims at development of some basic tools and their application to assess dynamics and control of a novel, flexible, multi-module manipulator with slewing and deployable links. To begin with, a rather general three-dimensional, order N, Lagrangian formulation for the system is developed which accounts for interactions between orbital, librational, slew, deployment and elastic degrees of freedom. The versatile character of the formulation makes it applicable to a large class of manipulator systems of contemporary interest. Validity of the formulation and associated computer code is established through conservation of energy in the absence of dissipation. A planar parametric study follows which provides better appreciation as to the influence of several important system variables, initial disturbances and maneuver profiles. Behaviour of a two-unit gross and fine manipulator is also discussed. Results suggest that the system flexibility could significantly affect the manipulator's performance, which may not be acceptable. This suggests a need for control. A nonlinear controller based on the Feedback Linearization Technique (FLT) is developed to regulate rigid degrees of freedom which proves to be quite effective. Flexible generalized coordinates, though not actively controlled, are regulated through coupling. Optimal trajectory design for the gross-fine manipulator system with redundant degrees of freedom is also investigated. Finally, the general formulation is reduced to represent the ground-based two-unit prototype manipulator thus demonstrating its wide scope of application. Simulation results for the ground-based system are obtained with the FLT control and compared with those given by the prototype. Considering the friction and backlash effects for the prototype, the correlation may be considered satisfactory. Such a comprehensive investigation involving a novel configuration of the space-based manipulator, three-dimensional formulation, dynamics and controlled performance, as well as ground-based experiments on a prototype system is indeed rare. It should prove useful in the design of this new class of manipulators.
Direct Spectroscopic Observation of Berry Phase Interference in the Ni$_4$ Single-Molecule Magnet
Creators: name: Sheehan, Brendan C.
name: Kwark, Robert
name: Collett, Charles A.
name: Costa, Thomaz A.
name: Cassaro, Rafael A. Allão
name: Friedman, Jonathan R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Berry phase effects in spin systems lead to the suppression of tunneling effects when different tunneling paths interfere destructively. Such effects have been seen in several single-molecule magnets (SMMs) through measurements of magnetization dynamics, where the experimental signal may arise from the contributions of numerous energy levels. Here we present experimental measurements of Berry phase interference effects that are determined through electron-spin resonance on a four-fold symmetric SMM. Specifically, we measure transitions between tunnel-split excited states in the Ni$_4$ SMM in the presence of a transverse field in the hard plane of the crystalline sample. By using a home-built rotation apparatus, the direction of the sample can be changed \textit{in situ} so that that the field direction can be swept through the entire hard plane of the sample. When the field is in certain directions in the plane, we observe a splitting of the transition, a hallmark of Berry phase interference. The experimental results are well reproduced by theoretical predictions, and fitting of the data provides information about the effects of dipolar interactions and sample misalignment.
description: version accepted by Phys. Rev. B. Some figures updated. Paper now has a supplement with additional information on data acquisition and analysis, and calculations. Main text: 8 pages, 8 figures. Supplement: 6 pages, 4 figures
Safety Improvement Program for Toll Roads
Creators: name: Pigman, Jerry G.
name: Agent, Kenneth R.
name: Crabtree, Joseph D.
Publisher: name: Kentucky Transportation Center, University of Kentucky
Year: 1980
Subjects: subject: Transportation Engineering

description: This report presents proposed safety improvements for Kentucky's toll roads. The primary methods of identifying needed improvements were an accident analysis and a field inventory. The accident analysis identified specific high-accident spots and sections. Also, accident rates were calculated for each toll road, and the types of accidents which had occurred in the 3-year period were summarized. A separate 10-year analysis of fatal accidents was made. The field inventory was used to identify roadway features which are now substandard and in need of upgrading. Also, high-accident spots and sections were investigated in the field. The benefits and costs for each improvement were estimated and used as input into a dynamic programming model used as a means of priority ranking the improvements. A total of 42 improvement alternatives were included in the analysis at an estimated cost of $58.5 million. Those alternatives with benefit-cost ratios greater than 1.0 totaled only $8.7 million.
Radar scattering by aggregate snowflakes
Creators: name: Westbrook, C. D.
name: Ball, R. C.
name: Field, P. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The radar scattering properties of realistic aggregate snowflakes have been calculated using the Rayleigh-Gans theory. We find that the effect of the snowflake geometry on the scattering may be described in terms of a single universal function, which depends only on the overall shape of the aggregate and not the geometry or size of the pristine ice crystals which compose the flake. This function is well approximated by a simple analytic expression at small sizes; for larger snowflakes we fit a curve to our numerical data. We then demonstrate how this allows a characteristic snowflake radius to be derived from dual-wavelength radar measurements without knowledge of the pristine crystal size or habit, while at the same time showing that this detail is crucial to using such data to estimate ice water content. We also show that the `effective radius', characterising the ratio of particle volume to projected area, cannot be inferred from dual-wavelength radar data for aggregates. Finally, we consider the errors involved in approximating snowflakes by `air-ice spheres', and show that for small enough aggregates the predicted dual wavelength ratio typically agrees to within a few percent, provided some care is taken in choosing the radius of the sphere and the dielectric constant of the air-ice mixture; at larger sizes the radar becomes more sensitive to particle shape, and the errors associated with the sphere model are found to increase accordingly.
description: 17 pages 9 figs submitted to Q. J. Roy. Met. Soc
An Extraordinary Response of Iron Emission to the Central Outburst in a Tidal Disruption Event Candidate
Creators: name: He, Zhicheng
name: Jiang, Ning
name: Wang, Tinggui
name: Liu, Guilin
name: Sun, Mouyuan
name: Guo, Hengxiao
name: Shen, Lu
name: Cai, Zhenyi
name: Shu, Xinwen
name: Sheng, Zhenfeng
name: Liang, Zhixiong
name: Xu, Youhua
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Understanding the origin of \feii\ emission is important because it is crucial to construct the main sequence of Active Galactic Nuclei (AGNs). Despite several decades of observational and theoretical effort, the location of the optical iron emitting region and the mechanism responsible for the positive correlation between the \feii\ strength and the black hole accretion rate remain open questions as yet. In this letter, we report the optical \feii\ response to the central outburst in PS1-10adi, a candidate tidal disruption event (TDE) taking place in an AGN at $z = 0.203$ that has aroused extensive attention. For the first time, we observe that the \feii\ response in the rising phase of its central luminosity is significantly more prominent than that in the decline phase, showing a hysteresis effect. We interpret this hysteresis effect as a consequence of the gradual sublimation of the dust grains situating at the inner surface of the torus into gas when the luminosity of the central engine increases. It is the iron element released from the sublimated dust that contributes evidently to the observed \feii\ emission. This interpretation, together with the weak response of the \hb\ emission as we observe, naturally explains the applicability of relative \feii\ strength as a tracer of the Eddington ratio. In addition, optical iron emission of this origin renders the \feii\ time lag a potential "standard candle" with cosmological implications.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures, 1 table, Accepted for Publication in The Astrophysical Journal Letters
Magnetic-field induced band-structure change in CeBiPt
Creators: name: Kozlova, N.
name: Hagel, J.
name: Doerr, M.
name: Wosnitza, J.
name: Eckert, D.
name: Mueller, K. -H.
name: Schultz, L.
name: Opahle, I.
name: Elgazzar, S.
name: Richter, Manuel
name: Goll, G.
name: Zwicknagl, G.
name: Yoshino, T.
name: Takabatake, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on a field-induced change of the electronic band structure of CeBiPt as evidenced by electrical-transport measurements in pulsed magnetic fields. Above ~25 T, the charge-carrier concentration increases nearly 30% with a concomitant disappearance of the Shubnikov-de Haas signal. These features are intimately related to the Ce 4f electrons since for the non-4f compound LaBiPt the Fermi surface remains unaffected. Electronic band-structure calculations point to a 4f-polarization-induced change of the Fermi-surface topology.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures
State and parameter estimation from exact partial state observation in stochastic reaction networks
Creators: name: Rathinam, Muruhan
name: Yu, Mingkai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Molecular Networks (q-bio.MN)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We consider chemical reaction networks modeled by a discrete state and continuous in time Markov process for the vector copy number of the species and provide a novel particle filter method for state and parameter estimation based on exact observation of some of the species in continuous time. The conditional probability distribution of the unobserved states is shown to satisfy a system of differential equations with jumps. We provide a method of simulating a process that is a proxy for the vector copy number of the unobserved species along with a weight. The resulting weighted Monte Carlo simulation is then used to compute the conditional probability distribution of the unobserved species. We also show how our algorithm can be adapted for a Bayesian estimation of parameters and for the estimation of a past state value based on observations up to a future time.
Quantum fluctuations on a thick de Sitter brane
Creators: name: Minamitsuji, Masato
name: Naylor, Wade
name: Sasaki, Misao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate quantum fluctuations on a de Sitter (dS) brane, which has its own thickness, in order to examine whether or not the finite thickness of the brane can act as a natural cut-off for the Kaluza-Klein (KK) spectrum. We calculate the amplitude of the KK modes and the bound state by using the zeta function method after a dimensional reduction.We show that the KK amplitude is finite for a given brane thickness and in the thin wall limit the standard surface divergent behavior is recovered. The strength of the divergence in the thin wall limit depends on the number of dimensions, e.g., logarithmic on a two dimensional brane and quadratic on a four dimensional brane. We also find that the amplitude of the bound state mode and KK modes depends on the choice of renormalization scale; and for fixed renormalization scales the bound state mode is insensitive to the brane thickness both for two and four-dimensional dS branes.
description: 23 pages, typos corrected
Interstate Safety Improvement Program
Creators: name: Pigman, Jerry G.
name: Agent, Kenneth R.
name: Zegeer, Charles V.
Publisher: name: Kentucky Transportation Center, University of Kentucky
Year: 1980
Subjects: subject: Transportation Engineering

description: The purpose of this paper was to prepare prioritized rankings of recommended improvements which could implemented for the Interstate Safety Improvement Program in Kentucky. Considerable detail is presented which documents analysis procedures used to determine sites, sections, and elements of the roadway in need of improvement. The average number of accidents per interchange, bridge, 1.6-km (1.0-mile) section, and 0.48-km (0.3-mile) spots were summarized for large urban, medium urban, and rural sections of the interstate system. At specified levels of statistical significance, critical numbers of accidents and critical accident rates were calculated to assist in identifying high-accident locations. A limited field inventory of the interstate system was conducted and the results are incorporated into the program. Dynamic programming was utilized as the means of developing prioritized rankings for safety improvements totaling approximately $27,500,000. A user's guide for preparation of a safety improvement program was developed.
Briefentwurf
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 1800
Subjects: subject: Theologie
subject: Philologie
subject: 090

description: Bitte um Besprechung seines aktuellen Werkes in den Göttingischen Gelehrten Anzeigen; Argumente für eine Annahme hebräischer Urtexte als Quellen für die vier Evangelien und die Apostelgeschichte
IAM_COMPACT_D3.6_Open_Science_Protocols
Creators: name: Rodés-Bachs, Clàudia
name: Sampedro, Jon
name: Horowitz, Russell
name: Van de Ven, Dirk-Jan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: This report documents the first version of the Open Science Protocols of IAM COMPACT. First, it includes a detailed description of the state-of-art of open science practices along with a presentation of the FAIR and TRUST principles, highlighting their novelties and limitations while exemplifying their usages. Second, it describes the required infrastructure to facilitate the application of open science principles by enabling code sharing, data storage, and user-friendly documentation. Finally, the report contains a protocol for the consortium members to facilitate the integration of the FAIR and TRUST principles, to promote the smooth interconnection of the models, and to transparently manage the produced outcomes.
ALMA Lensing Cluster Survey: an ALMA galaxy signposting a MUSE galaxy group at z=4.3 behind 'El Gordo'
Creators: name: Caputi, K. I.
name: Caminha, G. B.
name: Fujimoto, S.
name: Kohno, K.
name: Sun, F.
name: Egami, E.
name: Deshmukh, S.
name: Tang, F.
name: Ao, Y.
name: Bradley, L.
name: Coe, D.
name: Espada, D.
name: Grillo, C.
name: Hatsukade, B.
name: Knudsen, K. K.
name: Lee, M. M.
name: Magdis, G. E.
name: Morokuma-Matsui, K.
name: Oesch, P.
name: Ouchi, M.
name: Rosati, P.
name: Umehata, H.
name: Valentino, F.
name: Vanzella, E.
name: Wang, W. -H.
name: Wu, J. F.
name: Zitrin, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the discovery of a Multi Unit Spectroscopic Explorer (MUSE) galaxy group at z=4.32 lensed by the massive galaxy cluster ACT-CL J0102-4915 (aka El Gordo) at z=0.87, associated with a 1.2 mm source which is at a 2.07+/-0.88 kpc projected distance from one of the group galaxies. Three images of the whole system appear in the image plane. The 1.2 mm source has been detected within the Atacama Large Millimetre/submillimetre Array (ALMA) Lensing Cluster Survey (ALCS). As this ALMA source is undetected at wavelengths lambda < 2 microns, its redshift cannot be independently determined, however, the three lensing components indicate that it belongs to the same galaxy group at z=4.32. The four members of the MUSE galaxy group have low to intermediate stellar masses (~ 10^7-10^{10} Msun) and star formation rates (SFRs) of 0.4-24 Msun/yr, resulting in high specific SFRs (sSFRs) for two of them, which suggest that these galaxies are growing fast (with stellar-mass doubling times of only ~ 2x10^7 years). This high incidence of starburst galaxies is likely a consequence of interactions within the galaxy group, which is compact and has high velocity dispersion. Based on the magnification-corrected sub-/millimetre continuum flux density and estimated stellar mass, we infer that the ALMA source is classified as an ordinary ultra-luminous infrared galaxy (with associated dust-obscured SFR~200-300 Msun/yr) and lies on the star-formation main sequence. This reported case of an ALMA/MUSE group association suggests that some presumably isolated ALMA sources are in fact signposts of richer star-forming environments at high redshifts.
description: 13 pages including 7 figures and 1 table. Accepted for publication at the ApJ. Minor changes with respect to version 1. Figure 6 has been expanded to broaden comparison with the literature
กลวิธีทางภาษาที่หนังสือพิมพ์ไทยใช้ในการนำเสนอกลุ่มชาติพันธุ์โรฮีนจา
Creators: name: กัญชลิกา ตรีกลางดอน
Publisher: name: คณะศิลปศาสตร์ มหาวิทยาลัยธรรมศาสตร์
Year: 2017
Subjects: โรฮีนจา
กลวิธีทางภาษา
วาทกรรมวิเคราะห์เชิงวิพากษ์

description: วรรณวิทัศน์, 17, พฤศจิกายน, 162-187
Checking vocabulary from published texts
Creators: name: Parker, Verdena
name: Spence, Justin
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: hup

description: Audio file VP-280717-11: checking vocabulary with uncertain analyses from texts in Goddard 1904 ("Hupa Texts," University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 1(2): 89-368)
Experimental sub-Rayleigh resolution by an unseeded high-gain optical parametric amplifier for quantum lithography
Creators: name: Sciarrino, Fabio
name: Vitelli, Chiara
name: De Martini, Francesco
name: Glasser, Ryan
name: Cable, Hugo
name: Dowling, Jonathan P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum lithography proposes to adopt entangled quantum states in order to increase resolution in interferometry. In the present paper we experimentally demonstrate that the output of a high-gain optical parametric amplifier can be intense yet exhibits quantum features, namely, sub-Rayleigh fringes, as proposed by Agarwal et al. (Phys. Rev. Lett. 86, 1389 (2001)). We investigate multiphoton states generated by a high-gain optical parametric amplifier operating with a quantum vacuum input for a gain values up to 2.5. The visibility has then been increased by means of three-photon absorption. The present article opens interesting perspectives for the implementation of such an advanced interferometrical setup.
description: 5 pages, 7 figures
Three Kinds of Special Relativity via Inverse Wick Rotation
Creators: name: Guo, Han-Ying
name: Huang, Chao-Guang
name: Xu, Zhan
name: Zhou, Bin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Since the special relativity can be viewed as the physics in an inverse Wick rotation of 4-d Euclid space, which is at almost equal footing with the 4-d Riemann/Lobachevski space, there should be important physics in the inverse Wick rotation of 4-d Riemann/Lobachevski space. Thus, there are three kinds of special relativity in de Sitter/Minkowski/anti-de Sitter space at almost equal footing, respectively. There is an instanton tunnelling scenario in the Riemann-de Sitter case that may explain why $\La$ be positive and link with the multiverse.
description: 3 pages, no figures, to appear in Chin. Phys. Lett
The Bezoutian and Fisher's information matrix of an ARMA process
Creators: name: Klein, Andre
name: Spreij, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 5A23, 15A24, 15A57, 62M10

description: In this paper we derive some properties of the Bezout matrix and relate the Fisher information matrix for a stationary ARMA process to the Bezoutian. Some properties are explained via realizations in state space form of the derivatives of the white noise process with respect to the parameters. A factorization of the Fisher information matrix as a product in factors which involve the Bezout matrix of the associated AR and MA polynomials is derived. From this factorization we can characterize singularity of the Fisher information matrix.
นามนัยในภาษาไทย
Creators: name: ปาลิตา ผลประดับเพ็ชร์
Publisher: name: คณะศิลปศาสตร์ มหาวิทยาลัยธรรมศาสตร์
Year: 2017
Subjects: นามนัย
อธินามนัย
อนุนามนัย
สมพจนัย
อุปลักษณ์

description: วรรณวิทัศน์, 17, พฤศจิกายน, 188-218
IAM_COMPACT_D4.1_From_policy_needs_to_scenario_frameworks
Creators: name: Ferreras, Noelia
name: Mateo, Adrián
name: Villar, Yáiza
name: Gambhir, Ajay
name: Mittal, Shivika
name: Nikas, Alexandros
name: Ghadaksaz, Hesam
name: Holtz, Georg
name: Xia, Chun
name: Obergassel, Wolfgang
name: Peters, Glen
name: Wergles, Nathalie
name: Lifi, Mohamed
name: Zisarou, Eleftheria
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: The IAM COMPACT project aims to evaluate global and national climate goals, progress, and feasibility, and formulate policy planning beyond 2030 for key emitters and  non-high-income nations. This report outlines the first flow of activities carried out under Work Package 4, Task 4.1, to produce guidelines to translate policy needs into scenario frameworks, by understanding the different types of climate and sustainability policies, and how they can be represented in the modelling of mitigation scenarios within the consortium. This involves categorising and linking policy questions to the IAM COMPACT modelling ensemble. The report begins by reviewing the relevant  literature and establishing a set of policy types and categories. The consortium's models are then analysed to assess how policy needs can be best represented from a modelling perspective. Next, the preliminary policy questions provided by stakeholders in the context of the IAM COMPACT Policy Response Mechanism (PRM) within WP2 are explained, classified, and clustered as a first step to represent them into models and translate them into scenarios. Finally, the report concludes with a proposal of a process to follow for matching policy needs with modelling frameworks as a guideline for forthcoming work, which will include the formulation of a policy catalogue (MS9), the grouping of interrelated policy questions into common scenario logics, examining policy-model matching, and addressing synergies and trade-offs.
Evaluation of the isospin asymmetry of the nucleon structure functions with CLAS++
Creators: name: Alekhin, S. I.
name: Kataev, A. L.
name: Kulagin, S. A.
name: Osipenko, M. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The possibility to estimate the isospin symmetry breaking effects in the non-perturbative part of F_2 structure function of the chargeg lN deep-pnelastic scattering, which will provide CLAS++ dewtector of the upgraded TJNAF machine at $Q^2\approx 2 GeV^2$, is discussed. The problems of the Gottfried sum rule extraction are also considered.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures, presented at BARYONS04 Conference, Palaiseau, France, October 2004, submitted to the Proceedings)
Transcription of story about developers trying to buy Verdena's land
Creators: name: Parker, Verdena
name: Escamilla, Ramón
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: hup

description: Audio files VP-290717-01: Transcription of VP-301213-05 (story about developers trying to buy Verdena's land).
Aharonov-Bohm effect in the non-Abelian quantum Hall fluid
Creators: name: Georgiev, Lachezar S.
name: Geller, Michael R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The nu=5/2 fractional quantum Hall effect state has attracted great interest recently, both as an arena to explore the physics of non-Abelian quasiparticle excitations, and as a possible architecture for topological quantum information processing. Here we use the conformal field theoretic description of the Moore-Read state to provide clear tunneling signatures of this state in an Aharonov-Bohm geometry. While not probing statistics directly, the measurements proposed here would provide a first, experimentally tractable step towards a full characterization of the 5/2 state.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures, 2 tables, added one more figure and conductances formulae for the three channels
Finite model of an electric charge
Creators: name: Gera, Suvikranth
name: Sengupta, Sandipan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We set up a model of an electric charge where the noninvertible metric phase of first order gravity supercedes the point charge singularity in a curved spacetime. A topological interpretation of the electric charge is provided in terms of an index defined for the degenerate spacetime solution, being closely related to the Euler characteristic. The gravitational equations of motion at this phase are found to be equivalent to the laws of electrostatics. The associated field energy is finite and the geometry sourcing the charge is regular.
description: 5 pages, version matches the journal version
Minimum-weight triangulation is NP-hard
Creators: name: Mulzer, Wolfgang
name: Rote, Guenter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Computational Geometry (cs.CG)
subject: Computational Complexity (cs.CC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: F.2.2; G.2.2

description: A triangulation of a planar point set S is a maximal plane straight-line graph with vertex set S. In the minimum-weight triangulation (MWT) problem, we are looking for a triangulation of a given point set that minimizes the sum of the edge lengths. We prove that the decision version of this problem is NP-hard. We use a reduction from PLANAR-1-IN-3-SAT. The correct working of the gadgets is established with computer assistance, using dynamic programming on polygonal faces, as well as the beta-skeleton heuristic to certify that certain edges belong to the minimum-weight triangulation.
description: 45 pages (including a technical appendix of 13 pages), 28 figures. This revision contains a few improvements in the exposition
Voß, Gerhard: Wachsende Übereinstimmung in Taufe, Eucharistie und Amt
Creators: name: Vo.
Publisher: name: Ökumenische Rundschau
Year: 2025

description: Ökumenische Rundschau, Bd. 34 Nr. 1 (1985): Ökumenische Rundschau, Band 34, Heft 1