cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The Discovery of Vibrationally-Excited H_2 in the Molecular Cloud near GRB 080607
Creators: name: Sheffer, Y.
name: Prochaska, J. X.
name: Draine, B. T.
name: Perley, D. A.
name: Bloom, J. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: GRB 080607 has provided the first strong observational signatures of molecular absorption bands toward any galaxy hosting a gamma-ray burst. Despite the identification of dozens of features as belonging to various atomic and molecular (H_2 and CO) carriers, many more absorption features remained unidentified. Here we report on a search among these features for absorption from vibrationally-excited H_2, a species that was predicted to be produced by the UV flash of a GRB impinging on a molecular cloud. Following a detailed comparison between our spectroscopy and static, as well as dynamic, models of H_2* absorption, we conclude that a column density of 10^{17.5+-0.2} cm^{-2} of H_2* was produced along the line of sight toward GRB 080607. Depending on the assumed amount of dust extinction between the molecular cloud and the GRB, the model distance between the two is found to be in the range 230--940 pc. Such a range is consistent with a conservative lower limit of 100 pc estimated from the presence of Mg I in the same data. These distances show that substantial molecular material is found within hundreds of pc from GRB 080607, part of the distribution of clouds within the GRB host galaxy.
description: Submitted to ApJL, 6 pages emulated
Numerical and Experimental Study for a Beam System with Local Unilateral Contact Modeling Satellite Solar Arrays
Creators: name: Hazim, Hamad
name: Rousselet, B.
name: Ferguson, Neil
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The mass reduction of satellite solar arrays results in significant panel flexibility, so possibly striking one another dynamically leading ultimately to structural damage. To prevent this, rubber snubbers are mounted at well chosen points of the structure and they act as one sided linear spring; as a negative consequence, the dynamic of these panels becomes nonlinear. The finite element approximation is used to solve partial differential equations governing the structural dynamic. The models are validated and adjusted with experiments done in the ISVR laboratory, Southampton university.
Additional file 1 of Capsulized faecal microbiota transplantation ameliorates post-weaning diarrhoea by modulating the gut microbiota in piglets
Creators: name: Tang, Wenjie
name: Chen, Daiwen
name: Yu, Bing
name: He, Jun
name: Huang, Zhiqing
name: Zheng, Ping
name: Mao, Xiangbing
name: Luo, Yuheng
name: Luo, Junqiu
name: Wang, Quyuan
name: Wang, Huifen
name: Yu, Jie
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1. Ingredients and nutrient composition of the basal diet (as-fed basis).1 CP, crude protein; SID, standard ileal digestible.2 Vitamin premix provided the following per kg of diet: VA, 6000 IU; VD3, 400 IU; VE, 10 IU; VK3, 2 mg; VB1, 0.8 mg; VB2, 6.4 mg; VB6, 2.4 mg; VB12, 12 µg; folic acid, 0.2 mg; nicotinic acid, 14 mg; D-pantothenic acid, 10 mg.3 Mineral premixes provided the following per kg of diets: Fe (ferrous sulfate) 100 mg, Cu (copper sulfate) 6 mg, Mn 4 mg, Zn (zinc sulfate) 100 mg, and I (potassium iodide) 0.14 mg
Gabor-like systems in $L^2({\bf R}^d)$ and extensions to wavelets
Creators: name: Bagarello, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we show how to construct a certain class of orthonormal bases in $L^2({\bf R}^d)$ starting from one or more Gabor orthonormal bases in $L^2({\bf R})$. Each such basis can be obtained acting on a single function $Ψ(\underline x)\in L^2({\bf R}^d)$ with a set of unitary operators which operate as translation and modulation operators {\em in suitable variables}. The same procedure is also extended to frames and wavelets. Many examples are discussed.
Momentum average approximation for models with electron-phonon coupling dependent on the phonon momentum
Creators: name: Goodvin, Glen L.
name: Berciu, Mona
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We generalize the momentum average (MA) approximation to study the properties of models with momentum-dependent electron-phonon coupling. As in the case of the application of the original MA to the Holstein model, the results are analytical, numerically trivial to evaluate, exact for both zero bandwidth and for zero electron-phonon coupling, and are accurate everywhere in parameter space. Comparison with available numerical data confirms this accuracy. We then show that further improvements can be obtained based on variational considerations, using the one-dimensional breathing-mode Hamiltonian as a specific example. For example, by using this variational MA, we obtain ground state energies within at most 0.3% error of the numerical data.
description: 15 pages, 10 figures
Scoping Review Protocol.docx
Creators: name: Tornu, Eric
name: Jordan, Portia Janine
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 111099 Nursing not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Health Care

description: Best practice guidelines for professional nurses to provide self-management support to Adults with Tuberculosis-Human Immunodeficiency Virus Co-infection: A scoping review protocol
Mean Field Method Applied To The New World Sheet Field Theory: String Formation
Creators: name: Bardakci, Korkut
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The present article is based on a previous one, where a second quantized field theory on the world sheet for summing the planar graphs of phi^3 theory was developed. In this earlier work, the ground state of the model was determined using a variational approximation. Here, starting with the same world sheet theory, we instead use the mean field method to compute the ground state, and find results in agreement with the variational calculation. Apart from serving as a check on the variational calculation, the mean field method enables us to go beyond the ground state to compute the excited states of the model. The spectrum of these states is that of a string with linear trajectories, plus a continuum that starts at higher energy. We show that, by appropriately tuning the parameters of the model, the string spectrum can be cleanly seperated from the continuum.
description: 27 pages, 5 figures, typos corrected
Presence of Human DNA on Household Dogs and Its Bi-Directional Transfer
Creators: name: Monkman, H
name: Szkuta, B
name: van Oorschot, Roland
Publisher: name: La Trobe
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 3105
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Awareness of the factors surrounding the transfer of DNA from a person, item, or surface to another person, item, or surface is highly relevant during investigations of alleged criminal activity. Animals in domestic environments could be a victim, offender, or innocent party associated with a crime. There is, however, very limited knowledge of human DNA transfer, persistence, prevalence, and recovery (DNA TPPR) associated with domestic animals. This pilot study aimed to improve our understanding of DNA TPPR associated with domestic dogs by collecting and analysing samples from various external areas of dogs of various breeds, interactions with humans, and living arrangements, and conducting a series of tests to investigate the possibility of dogs being vectors for the indirect transfer of human DNA. Reference DNA profiles from the dog owners and others living in the same residence were acquired to assist interpretation of the findings. The findings show that human DNA is prevalent on dogs, and in the majority of samples, two-person mixtures are present. Dogs were also found to be vectors for the transfer of human DNA, with DNA transferred from the dog to a gloved hand during patting and a sheet while walking.
Additional file 1 of Antioxidant PDA-PEG nanoparticles alleviate early osteoarthritis by inhibiting osteoclastogenesis and angiogenesis in subchondral bone
Creators: name: Wu, Zhikai
name: Yuan, Kai
name: Zhang, Qian
name: Guo, Jiong Jiong
name: Yang, Huilin
name: Zhou, Feng
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 1: Figure S1. H&E staining of heart, liver, spleen, lung, and kidney after PDA-PEG NPs treatment. Table S1. Blood analysis of mice treated with or without PDA-PEG NPs. n = 6. Table S2. Primer sequences used in the article.
Constraint satisfaction problems with isolated solutions are hard
Creators: name: Zdeborová, Lenka
name: Mézard, Marc
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Computational Complexity (cs.CC)
subject: Data Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We study the phase diagram and the algorithmic hardness of the random `locked' constraint satisfaction problems, and compare them to the commonly studied 'non-locked' problems like satisfiability of boolean formulas or graph coloring. The special property of the locked problems is that clusters of solutions are isolated points. This simplifies significantly the determination of the phase diagram, which makes the locked problems particularly appealing from the mathematical point of view. On the other hand we show empirically that the clustered phase of these problems is extremely hard from the algorithmic point of view: the best known algorithms all fail to find solutions. Our results suggest that the easy/hard transition (for currently known algorithms) in the locked problems coincides with the clustering transition. These should thus be regarded as new benchmarks of really hard constraint satisfaction problems.
description: 19 pages, 12 figures
Non-Equilibrium Electrons and the Sunyaev-Zel'dovich Effect of Galaxy Clusters
Creators: name: Rudd, Douglas H.
name: Nagai, Daisuke
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present high-resolution cosmological hydrodynamic simulations of three galaxy clusters employing a two-temperature model for the intracluster medium. We show that electron temperatures in cluster outskirts are significantly lower than the mean gas temperature, because Coulomb collisions are insufficient to keep electrons and ions in thermal equilibrium. This deviation is larger in more massive and less relaxed systems, ranging from 5% in relaxed clusters to 30% for clusters undergoing major mergers. The presence of non-equilibrium electrons leads to significant suppression of the SZE signal at large cluster-centric radius. The suppression of the electron pressure also leads to an underestimate of the hydrostatic mass. Merger-driven, internal shocks may also generate significant populations of non-equilibrium electrons in the cluster core, leading to a 5% bias on the integrated SZ mass proxy during cluster mergers.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures, Accepted for publication in ApJL
Pulsar reception at 22 MHZ
Creators: name: Dewdney, P.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: An attempt is made to receive pulsar signals at a frequency (22 MHz) lower than they have been received before. The problem of high galactic background radiation is the dominant one. The receiver used optimizes the ratio of signal to sky background noise. The technique uses the property that pulsar signals are dispersed by intervening electrons. Using the known dispersion relation it is possible to predict the phase of the pulsar signal at one frequency (22 MHz) if it is known at another frequency (150 MHz). The receiver then tracks the pulse in frequency vs. time with a bandwidth which is small enough to match the instaneous bandwidth of the signal. Although it was found that pulsar signals from CP 1919 are still too weak to be received on such a system, an upper limit to their strength was obtained by measuring its sensitivity. At the time of observation (August, 1969) the signal strength at 22 MHz, averaged over 2600 pulses, was less than 1.0 x 10⁻²⁶ joules per m² of capture cross-section per unit bandwidth.
Cognitive and memory processes in obsessive-compulsive checking
Creators: name: Dewis, Louise
Publisher: name: University Of Tasmania
Year: 2023

description: A wide array of neurobiological, neuropsychological and cognitive models have been formulated in an attempt to explain the development and persistence of obsessive-compulsive checking. Memory processes, including impaired memory for actions and confidence in memory, and cognitive variables such as exaggerated threat appraisal, inflated personal responsibility and 'intolerance to uncertainty, have received much attention in recent years. Although researchers generally agree that multiple factors are likely to be involved in this disorder, a coherent model articulating the contribution and relative importance and contributions of each has not been forthcoming. This review provides an overview of obsessive-compulsive checking and research efforts in the fields of memory and cognitive psychology with regard to this disorder. Limitations of the existing research are discussed to highlight barriers to the development of a more complete understanding of checking behaviour.
Ab initio many-body calculations of nucleon-nucleus scattering
Creators: name: Quaglioni, Sofia
name: Navratil, Petr
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop a new ab initio many-body approach capable of describing simultaneously both bound and scattering states in light nuclei, by combining the resonating-group method with the use of realistic interactions, and a microscopic and consistent description of the nucleon clusters. This approach preserves translational symmetry and Pauli principle. We outline technical details and present phase shift results for neutron scattering on 3H, 4He and 10Be and proton scattering on 3He and 4He, using realistic nucleon-nucleon (NN) potentials. Our A=4 scattering results are compared to earlier ab initio calculations. We find that the CD-Bonn NN potential in particular provides an excellent description of nucleon-4He S-wave phase shifts. On the contrary, the experimental nucleon-4He P-wave phase shifts are not well reproduced by any NN potential we use. We demonstrate that a proper treatment of the coupling to the n-10Be continuum is successful in explaining the parity-inverted ground state in 11Be.
description: 31 pages, 18 figures
On Non-Commutative Integrable Burgers Equations
Creators: name: Gurses, M.
name: Karasu, A.
name: Turhan, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct the recursion operators for the non-commutative Burgers equations using their Lax operators. We investigate the existence of any integrable mixed version of left- and right-handed Burgers equations on higher symmetry grounds.
description: 8 pages
Measuring streamflow using the float method
Creators: name: Zegre, Nicolas
Publisher: name: QUBES Educational Resources
Year: 2023

description: Streamflow, the amount of water flowing in a creek, stream, or river at a certain point in time, is critical to people and the environment. Knowing the amount of flowing water is important for numerous water resources, ecological, and engineering applications including flood forecasting, ecosystem health, environmental flows assessment, infrastructure design, and water supply management used for drinking water, electricity production, manufacturing, and irrigation.
In this lesson, students will learn how to measure and calculate streamflow in the field using the velocity-area method.
Marketing strategy and its effect on retail site : a case study of the Vancouver gasoline market
Creators: name: Rothwell, David Colin
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: The thesis examines one aspect of urban structure -- namely the quality of retail site. The specific research hypothesis is that different marketing strategies can cause differences in site quality. The gasoline service station industry of Vancouver, British Columbia was chosen as a case study for purposes of testing the hypothesis. From the marketing literature it was shown that there exists two distinct strategies for marketing gasoline: non-price competition as practiced by the major oil companies and price competition as practiced by the small independents. A quality rating schedule, using both variables internal to the site itself (micro variables) and variables based on the surrounding socio-economic environment (macro variables), was devised as a surrogate measure of site quality. Gallonage performance of a station was used as a direct measure of site quality. For a sample of major company stations the correlations between site rating scores and gallonage were very high. The quality rating schedule also possessed high predictive ability for gallonage. It was demonstrated that stations of high quality (in terms of the site rating score) pump the most gasoline. In contrast, correlations between the site rating scores and gallonage for the population of price-cutters was very low. Since the average independent station pumps twice as much gasoline as the average major station, it was apparent that the site rating instrument was not a good surrogate measure of quality for the price-cutter stations. It is concluded that explanation for this discrepancy in gallonage and site scores is attributable to the differences in marketing strategy. Quality requirements for successful company service stations are different from the quality requirements of successful price-cutter stations. This fact is important to both industrial and urban planners. For example, in Vancouver the City Council embarked on an explicit plan of reducing the number of service stations. However, its actions were made without a full understanding of the different corporate strategies and have prevented what was an already declining population of stations.
title: Geometric and Topological Methods for Applications to Materials and Data Skeletonisation
Creators: name: Smith, Philip
Publisher: name: University of Liverpool Repository
Year: 2021

description: Crystal Structure Prediction (CSP) aims to speed up functional materials discovery by using supercomputers to predict whether an input molecule can form stable crystal struc- tures with desirable properties. The process produces large datasets where each entry is a simulated arrangement of copies of the input molecule to form a crystal. However, these datasets have little structure themselves, and it is the aim of this thesis to contribute towards simplifying and analysing such datasets. Crystals are unbounded collections of atoms or molecules, extending infinitely in the space they lie within. As such, rigorously quantifying the geometric similarity of crystal structures, and even just identifying identical structures, is a challenging problem. To solve it, we seek a continuous, complete, isometry classification of crystals. Consequently, by modelling crystals as periodic point sets, we introduce the density fingerprint, which is invariant under isometries, Lipschitz continuous, and complete for an open and dense space of crystal structures. Such a classification will be able to identify and remove near- duplicates from these large CSP datasets, and potentially even guide future searches. We describe how this fingerprint can be computed using periodic higher Voronoi zones. This geometric concept of concentric regions around a fixed centre characterises relative positions of points from the centre in a periodic point set. We present an algorithm to compute these zones in addition to proving key structural properties. We later discuss research into skeletonisation algorithms, proving theoretical guarantees of the homological persistent skeleton (HoPeS), subsequently formulating and performing an experimental comparison of HoPeS with other relevant algorithms. Such algorithms, if effectively used, can be applied to large datasets including those produced by CSP to reveal the shape of the data, helping to highlight regions of interest and branches that merit further study.
The lunar phases of dust grains orbiting Fomalhaut
Creators: name: Min, M.
name: Kama, M.
name: Dominik, C.
name: Waters, L. B. F. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Optical images of the nearby star Fomalhaut show a ring of dust orbiting the central star. This dust is in many respects expected to be similar to the zodiacal dust in the solar system. The ring displays a clear brightness asymmetry, attributed to asymmetric scattering of the central starlight by the circumstellar dust grains. Recent measurements show that the bright side of the Fomalhaut ring is oriented away from us. This implies that the grains in this system scatter most of the light in the backward direction, in sharp contrast to the forward-scattering nature of the grains in the solar system. In this letter, we show that grains considerably larger than those dominating the solar system zodiacal dust cloud provide a natural explanation for the apparent backward scattering behavior. In fact, we see the phases of the dust grains in the same way as we can observe the phases of the Moon and other large solar system bodies. We outline how the theory of the scattering behavior of planetesimals can be used to explain the Fomalhaut dust properties. This indicates that the Fomalhaut dust ring is dominated by very large grains. The material orbiting Fomalhaut, which is at the transition between dust and planetesimals, can, with respect to their optical behavior, best be described as micro-asteroids.
description: Accepted for publication in A&A
High field electro-thermal transport in metallic carbon nanotubes
Creators: name: Kuroda, Marcelo A.
name: Leburton, Jean Pierre
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe the electro-thermal transport in metallic carbon nanotubes (m-CNTs) by a semi-classical approach that takes into account the high-field dynamical interdependence between charge carrier and phonon populations. Our model is based on the self-consistent solution of the Boltzmann transport equation and the heat equation mediated by a phonon rate equation that accounts for the onset of non-equilibrium (optical) phonons in the high-field regime. Given the metallic nature of the nanostructures, a key ingredient of the model is the assumption of local thermalization of charge carriers. Our theory remarkably reproduces the room temperature electrical characteristics of m-CNTs on substrate and free standing (suspended), shedding light on charge-heat transport in these one dimensional nanostructures. In particular, the negative differential resistance observed in suspended m-CNTs under electric stress is attributed to inhomogeneous field profile induced by self-heating rather than the presence of hot phonons.
description: 10 pages, 10 figures
Interactions between metallothionein and neurons of the CNS
Creators: name: Fung, Samantha Jane
Publisher: name: University Of Tasmania
Year: 2023

description: The primary function of metallothioneins (MTs) remains elusive since their discovery 50 years ago. These small proteins are characterised by their metal-binding capability, implying roles in metal ion homeostasis and free radical scavenging. This study focuses on MT in the central nervous system (CNS), where MT-I and -II are the topic of much recent research into their activity in promoting neurite growth and enhancing wound healing in various in vivo and in vitro models. This thesis aims to investigate the interaction of extracellular MT-I/II with neurons and the molecular mechanism through which it impacts neurite outgrowth. The physiological role of MT-I/II in CNS development will also be examined. Within the CNS, MT-I/II expression is primarily non-neuronal, yet MT-I/II alters the growth of neurons, suggesting an extracellular action. In order to investigate the mechanism by which extracellular MT-I/II interacts with neurons, rat cortical neurons were exposed to substrate-bound or soluble exogenous MT-IA. An increase in process length was noted only in the presence of soluble exogenous MT-IIA, suggesting that a specific interaction of MT-I/II and neurons is required for neurotrophic activity. Indeed, extracellular MT-I/II was internalised by neurons, mediated by an interaction with the endocytic receptor megalin. Moreover, MT-I/II treatment resulted in activation of the MAPK/ERK signalling pathway, providing a downstream target of MT-I/II. When MT-I/II was ectopically expressed in neurons, neurite outgrowth was augmented, implying an intracellular action. Further, the effect of exogenous MT-IIA on a population of growing, immature cortical neurons was examined. Neurite growth was not observed in this model of neurite elongation in contrast to that seen in neurite outgrowth models and possible reasons for this were addressed. Finally, MT-I/II null mice display no major phenotype; however subtle alterations in cognitive function and axonal structure have recently been reported. Within this study a reduction in axonal calibre at one month of age was observed in mice lacking MT-I/II genes. Moreover, the expression and phosphorylation of neurofilaments was delayed in MT-I/II null mice, suggesting that MT-I/II may contribute to normal axonal development. In summary, this thesis provides some insight into the possible molecular mechanisms through which extracellular MT-I/II interacts with neurons to promote neurite growth and suggests that MT-I/II expression contributes to the normal development of axons. Understanding of the physiology of MT-I/II and mechanisms through which it operates may contribute to development of MT-I/II-based therapeutics applicable to CNS injury and neurodegenerative diseases.
b --> s\ell^+\ell^- in the high q^2 region at two-loops
Creators: name: Pilipp, Volker
name: Schupbach, Christof
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on the first analytic NNLL calculation for the matrix elements of the operators O_1 and O_2 for the inlusive process b --> X_s l^+l^- in the kinematical region q^2>4m_c^2, where q^2 is the invariant mass squared of the lepton-pair.
description: 2 pages, 3 figures. Presented at RADCOR 2009, Ascona, Switzerland, 26-30 Oct 2009, corrected spelling of name
Strongly correlated gases of Rydberg-dressed atoms: quantum and classical dynamics
Creators: name: Pupillo, G.
name: Micheli, A.
name: Boninsegni, M.
name: Lesanovsky, I.
name: Zoller, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss techniques to generate long-range interactions in a gas of groundstate alkali atoms, by weakly admixing excited Rydberg states with laser light. This provides a tool to engineer strongly correlated phases with reduced decoherence from inelastic collisions and spontaneous emission. As an illustration, we discuss the quantum phases of dressed atoms with dipole-dipole interactions confined in a harmonic potential, as relevant to experiments. We show that residual spontaneous emission from the Rydberg state acts as a heating mechanism, leading to a quantum-classical crossover.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures
Astrophysical Signatures of Secluded Dark Matter
Creators: name: Pospelov, Maxim
name: Ritz, Adam
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the indirect astrophysical signatures of secluded models of WIMP dark matter, characterized by a weak-scale rate for annihilation into light MeV-scale mediators which are metastable to decay into Standard Model states. Such scenarios allow a significant enhancement of the annihilation cross section in the galactic halo relative to its value at freeze-out, particularly when the mediator is light enough for this process to proceed through radiative capture to a metastable `WIMP-onium' bound state. For MeV-scale vector mediators charged under a hidden U(1)' gauge group, the enhanced annihilation rate leads predominantly to a sizable excess positron flux, even in the absence of astrophysical boost factors.
description: 15 pages, 2 figures; v2: references added
Examples of non-compact quantum group actions
Creators: name: Sołtan, Piotr M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 46L89, 46L55, 46L85

description: We present two examples of actions of non-regular locally compact quantum groups on their homogeneous spaces. The homogeneous spaces are defined in a way specific to these examples, but the definitions we use have the advantage of being expressed in purely $\mathrm{C}^*$-algebraic language. We also discuss continuity of the obtained actions. Finally we describe in detail a general construction of quantum homogeneous spaces obtained as quotients by compact quantum subgroups.
description: 13 pages, LaTeX
Additional file 1 of A study protocol for improving the delivery of acute kidney replacement therapy (KRT) to critically ill patients in Alberta – DIALYZING WISELY
Creators: name: Opgenorth, Dawn
name: Bagshaw, Sean M.
name: Lau, Vincent
name: Graham, Michelle M.
name: Fraser, Nancy
name: Klarenbach, Scott
name: Morrin, Louise
name: Norris, Colleen
name: Pannu, Neesh
name: Sinnadurai, Selvi
name: Valaire, Shelley
name: Wang, Xiaoming
name: Rewa, Oleksa G.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified

description: Additional file 1: Supplementary Table 1. Outline of data sources
Vertex operators of Type IIB matrix model via calculation of disk amplitudes
Creators: name: Kitazawa, Yoshihisa
name: Negi, Toshikazu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the vertex operators of the supergravity multiplet in IIB(IKKT) matrix model by calculating the disk amplitudes, exploiting the technique of conformal field theory. The vertex operators of IIB matrix model are given as the coupling of a closed string and open strings which are introduced by the existence of D(-1)-branes. We consider the most generic couplings which involve both the bosonic and fermionic open strings. Our results are consistent with the previous results based on supersymmetry. We thus confirm the structure of the IIB matrix model vertex operators from the first principle.
description: 41 pages,2 figures;v2: corrected minor errors,reference added;v3: published version in Nuclear Physics B
Independently switchable atomic quantum transistors by reversible contact reconstruction
Creators: name: Xie, F. -Q.
name: Maul, R.
name: Augenstein, A.
name: Obermair, Ch.
name: Starikov, E. B.
name: Schoen, G.
name: Schimmel, Th.
name: Wenzel, W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The controlled fabrication of actively switchable atomic-scale devices, in particular transistors, has remained elusive to date. Here we explain operation of an atomic-scale three-terminal device by a novel switching mechanism of bistable, self-stabilizing reconstruction of the electrode contacts at the atomic level: While the device is manufactured by electrochemical deposition, it operates entirely on the basis of mechanical effects of the solid-liquid interface. We analyze mechanically and thermally stable metallic junctions with a predefined quantized conductance of 1-5 G_0 in experiment and atomistic simulation. Atomistic modeling of structural and conductance properties elucidates bistable electrode reconstruction as the underlying mechanism of the device. Independent room-temperature operation of two transistors at low voltage demonstrates intriguing perspectives for quantum electronics and logics on the atomic scale.
IMPROVING FUTURE PRIMARY CLASS TEACHERS' COMPETENCE IN USING MEDIA LITERACY
Creators: name: Doschanova, Mohinur
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: In the article, a modern educational institution is responsible for forming a socially active, positive-thinking person, developing the skills and competences of students to use the flow of information correctly, mastering innovative technologies, and the task of independent learning by deepening and expanding knowledge. The problem of shifting attention from a knowledgeable approach to a competent approach is discussed in the modernization of national education.
Monitoring Supergiant Fast X-ray Transients with Swift. Results from the first year
Creators: name: Romano, P.
name: Sidoli, L.
name: Cusumano, G.
name: La Parola, V.
name: Vercellone, S.
name: Pagani, C.
name: Ducci, L.
name: Mangano, V.
name: Cummings, J.
name: Krimm, H. A.
name: Guidorzi, C.
name: Kennea, J. A.
name: Hoversten, E. A.
name: Burrows, D. N.
name: Gehrels, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Swift has allowed the possibility to give Supergiant Fast X-ray Transients (SFXTs), the new class of High Mass X-ray Binaries discovered by INTEGRAL, non serendipitous attention throughout all phases of their life. We present our results based on the first year of intense Swift monitoring of four SFXTs, IGR J16479-4514, XTE J1739-302, IGR J17544-2619 and AX J1841.0-0536. We obtain the first assessment of how long each source spends in each state using a systematic monitoring with a sensitive instrument. The duty-cycle of inactivity is 17, 28, 39, 55% (5% uncertainty), for IGR J16479-4514, AX J1841.0-0536, XTE J1739-302, and IGR J17544-2619, respectively, so that true quiescence is a rare state. This demonstrates that these transients accrete matter throughout their life at different rates. AX J1841.0-0536 is the only source which has not undergone a bright outburst during our campaign. Although individual sources behave somewhat differently, common X-ray characteristics of this class are emerging such as outburst lengths well in excess of hours, with a multiple peaked structure. A high dynamic range (including bright outbursts) of 4 orders of magnitude has been observed. We performed out-of-outburst intensity-based spectroscopy. Spectral fits with an absorbed blackbody always result in blackbody radii of a few hundred meters, consistent with being emitted from a small portion of the neutron star surface, very likely the neutron star polar caps. We also present the UVOT data of these sources. (Abridged)
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS. 20 pages, 9 figures, 8 tables
ВОЗМОЖНОСТИ ПРИМЕНЕНИЯ БЕСПИЛОТНЫХ ЛЕТАТЕЛЬНЫХ АППАРАТОВ, ИСКУССТВЕННОГО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТА В АГРАРНОМ
Creators: name: Asadov Mironshoh
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Аннотация: Исследуется потенциал применения дронов для улучшения аграрного сектора, анализируются различные виды дронов, их характеристики и возможности, которые они предоставляют фермерам. Также рассматриваются изменения, которые возникают в сельском хозяйстве в связи с использованием дронов. В статье рассматривается применение искусственного интеллекта в связке с дронами для улучшения производительности и эффективности сельского хозяйства. Ключевые слова: дрон, сельское хозяйство, искусственный интеллект.
Reductive dissolution of goethite and pyrolusite in alkaline solution
Creators: name: Devuyst, Eric
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: The selective dissolution of pyrolusite (MnO₂) in presence of goethite (FeO.OH) in aqueous ammoniacal ammonium carbamate solution has been investigated; various reducing agents were studied, in particular sodium sulfite (Na₂SO₃) and hydrazine hydrate (N₂H₄.H₂O). Sodium sulfite was found to be an unsatisfactory reducing agent for both goethite and pyrolusite, for the leaching rate decreased steadily with time to an impractical level because of the limited solubility of the reactions products. Hydrazine hydrate was an effective reducing agent for pyrolusite even at low temperature, whereas goethite required much higher temperatures for any appreciable dissolution. A one hour leach at 35°C dissolved 90 per cent of the pyrolusite but only 0.1 per cent of the goethite. Additions of ammonium phosphate had no effect on the rates, there being no phosphate detected in the leach liquor. An activation energy of 17.0 K cal/mole was found for the dissolution of pyrolusite with hydrazine. A reaction mechanism for the leaching of pyrolusite with hydrazine was proposed in which a reduction reaction on the surface of the mineral was the rate-determining step. It was possible to recover manganese from solution with oxygen as an amorphous MnO₂ precipitate.
The fundamental group of a generalized trigonal curve
Creators: name: Degtyarev, Alex
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14H45, 14H30, 14H50

description: We develop a modification of the Zariski--van Kampen approach for the computation of the fundamental group of a trigonal curve with improper fibers. As an application, we list the deformation families and compute the fundamental groups of all irreducible maximizing simple sextics with a type $\bold D$ singular point.
Two-Channel Kondo Effects in Al/AlO$_{x}$/Sc Planar Tunnel Junctions
Creators: name: Yeh, Sheng-Shiuan
name: Lin, Juhn-Jong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have measured the differential conductances $G(V,T)$ in several Al/AlO$_{x}$/Sc planar tunnel junctions between 2 and 35 K. As the temperature decreases to $\sim$ 16 K, the zero-bias conductance $G(0,T)$ crosses over from a standard $-$ln$T$ dependence to a novel $- \sqrt{T}$ dependence. Correspondingly, the finite bias conductance $G(V,T)$ reveals a two-channel Kondo scaling behavior between $\sim$ 4 and 16 K. The observed two-channel Kondo physics is ascribed to originating from a few localized spin-$\frac12$ Sc atoms situated slightly inside the AlO$_x$/Sc interface.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures. Phys. Rev. B (accepted)
Application of HyperTRIBE to UPF1 in HEK293 cells
Creators: name: 徐翼飞(XUYIFEI)
Publisher: name: CNGB
Year: 2025
Subjects: Raw sequence reads
Monoisolate

description: The application of HyperTRIBE technology to identify target genes of the RNA-binding protein UPF1 in HEK293 cells. This study includes five RNA-seq samples: two biological replicates of UPF1-ADAR2cd, two biological replicates of mCherry-ADAR2cd, and one GFP sample.
Process chain approach to the Bose-Hubbard model: Ground-state properties and phase diagram
Creators: name: Teichmann, Niklas
name: Hinrichs, Dennis
name: Holthaus, Martin
name: Eckardt, Andre
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We carry out a perturbative analysis, of high order in the tunneling parameter, of the ground state of the homogeneous Bose-Hubbard model in the Mott insulator phase. This is made possible by a diagrammatic process chain approach, derived from Kato's representation of the many-body perturbation series, which can be implemented numerically in a straightforward manner. We compute ground-state energies, atom-atom correlation functions, density-density correlations, and occupation number fluctuations, for one-, two-, and three-dimensional lattices with arbitrary integer filling. A phenomenological scaling behavior is found which renders the data almost independent of the filling factor. In addition, the process chain approach is employed for calculating the boundary between the Mott insulator phase and the superfluid phase with high accuracy. We also consider systems with dimensionalities d>3, thus monitoring the approach to the mean-field limit. The versatility of the method suggests further applications to other systems which are less well understood.
description: 15 pages, 20 figures
Accelerated expansion of the Universe driven by dynamic self-interaction
Creators: name: Balakin, A. B.
name: Dehnen, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We establish a new model, which takes into account a dynamic (inertial) self-interaction of gravitating systems. The model is formulated by introduction of a new function depending on the square of the covariant derivative of the velocity four-vector of the system as a whole into the Lagrangian. This term is meant for description of both self-action of the system irregularly moving in the gravitational field, and back-reaction of the motion irregularities on the gravity field. We discuss one example of exact solution to the extended master equations in the framework of cosmological model of the FLRW type with vanishing cosmological constant. It is shown that accelerated expansion of the Universe can be driven by traditional matter with positive pressure (e.g., dust, ultrarelativistic fluid) due to the back-reaction of the gravity field induced by irregular motion of the system as a whole; this back-reaction is shown to be characterized by the negative effective pressure.
description: 9 pages, no figures, accepted for publication in Phys.Letters B
When is a quantum space not a group?
Creators: name: Sołtan, Piotr M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 46L89, 46L85

description: We give a survey of techniques from quantum group theory which can be used to show that some quantum spaces (objects of the category dual to the category of $\mathrm{C}^*$-algebras) do not admit any quantum group structure. We also provide a number of examples which include some very well known quantum spaces. Our tools include several purely quantum group theoretical results as well as study of existence of characters and traces on $\mathrm{C}^*$-algebras describing the considered quantum spaces as well as properties such as nuclearity.
description: 9 pages, survey article for Proceedings of Banach Algebras 2009
The star cluster system of the luminous elliptical galaxy NGC 1600
Creators: name: Santiago, B. X.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Luminous elliptical galaxies generally display a rich star cluster system, whose properties provide strong constraints on the physics of galaxy formation and evolution. Star cluster system studies, however, concentrate on galaxies located in nearby or rich galaxy clusters. We acquired deep B and I images of NGC 1600, a luminous elliptical in a galaxy group to study its star cluster system. The images were obtained with the Optical Imager at the SOAR telescope. The sample selection incompleteness was assessed as a function of magnitude and image background level. Source counts were measured for different elliptical annuli from the centre of NGC 1600, background subtracted, and fitted with a Gaussian function. Colour distributions were derived as a function of galactocentric distance for sources measured successfully in both filters. Typical ages and metallicities were estimated based on single stellar population models. A clear excess of point sources around NGC 1600 was found in relation to the nearby field. The source counts were consistent with a Gaussian distribution typical of other luminous ellipticals. The luminosity function fits provided an estimate of the density of clusters at the different annuli that could be integrated in solid angle, resulting in an estimated total population of N_{GC} ~ 2850 star clusters. This yielded a specific frequency of S_N ~ 1.6. The colour distributions show a hint of bimodality, especially at ~ 20 kpc from the centre. Clusters in this region may be associated with a ring or shell perturbation. Finally, the star cluster candidates were cross-correlated to discrete X-ray sources and a coincidence rate of ~ 40% was found. These are likely to be globular clusters harboring low-mass X-ray binaries.
description: 11 pages, 6 figures. To be published in Astronomy & Astrophysics
Four-state rock-paper-scissors games on constrained Newman-Watts networks
Creators: name: Zhang, Guo-Yong
name: Chen, Yong
name: Qi, Wei-Kai
name: Qin, Shao-Meng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: We study the cyclic dominance of three species in two-dimensional constrained Newman-Watts networks with a four-state variant of the rock-paper-scissors game. By limiting the maximal connection distance $R_{max}$ in Newman-Watts networks with the long-rang connection probability $p$, we depict more realistically the stochastic interactions among species within ecosystems. When we fix mobility and vary the value of $p$ or $R_{max}$, the Monte Carlo simulations show that the spiral waves grow in size, and the system becomes unstable and biodiversity is lost with increasing $p$ or $R_{max}$. These results are similar to recent results of Reichenbach \textit{et al.} [Nature (London) \textbf{448}, 1046 (2007)], in which they increase the mobility only without including long-range interactions. We compared extinctions with or without long-range connections and computed spatial correlation functions and correlation length. We conclude that long-range connections could improve the mobility of species, drastically changing their crossover to extinction and making the system more unstable.
description: 6 pages, 7 figures