cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Robust statistical properties of T1 transitions in confluent cell tissues
Creators: name: Jain, Harish P
name: Voigt, Axel
name: Angheluta, Luiza
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Tissues and Organs (q-bio.TO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Large-scale tissue deformation which is fundamental to tissue development hinges on local cellular rearrangements, such as T1 transitions. In the realm of the multi-phase field model, we analyse the statistical and dynamical properties of T1 transitions in a confluent tissue. We identify an energy profile that is robust to changes in several model parameters. It is characterized by an asymmetric profile with a fast increase in energy before the T1 transition and a sudden drop after the T1 transition, followed by a slow relaxation. The latter being a signature of the fluidity of the cell tissue. We show that T1 transitions are sources of localised large deformation of the cells undergoing the neighbour exchange and induce other T1 transitions in the nearby cells through a chaining of events that propagate local cell deformation to large scale tissue flows.
description: 14 pages, 8 figures, 1 table
Review and Update 1996
Creators: name: Therapeutics Initiative (University Of British Columbia)
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2023

description: Therapeutics Letter 16 reviews thirteen recent clinical trials that pertain to nine previous Therapeutics Letters. Topics covered include H. pylori and gastroesophageal reflux, treatment of angina and hypertension, risks and benefits of calcium channel blockers, management of asthma, and menopausal hormone therapy.
Notes on the type classification of von Neumann algebras
Creators: name: Sorce, Jonathan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: These notes provide an explanation of the type classification of von Neumann algebras, which has made many appearances in recent work on entanglement in quantum field theory and quantum gravity. The goal is to bridge a gap in the literature between resources that are too technical for the non-expert reader, and resources that seek to explain the broad intuition of the theory without giving precise definitions. Reading these notes will provide you with: (i) an argument for why "factors" are the fundamental von Neumann algebras that one needs to study; (ii) an intuitive explanation of the type classification of factors in terms of renormalization schemes that turn unnormalizable positive operators into "effective density matrices;" (iii) a mathematical explanation of the different types of renormalization schemes in terms of the allowed traces on a factor; (iv) an intuitive characterization of type I and II factors in terms of their "standard forms;" and (v) a list of some interesting connections between type classification and modular theory, including the argument for why type III$_1$ factors are believed to be the relevant ones in quantum field theory. None of the material is new, but the pedagogy is different from other sources I have read; it is most similar in spirit to the recent work on gravity and the crossed product by Chandrasekaran, Longo, Penington, and Witten.
description: 38 pages plus 16 pages in appendices; introduction includes a reading guide for which the minimal read is about 28 pages; v3 adds a few clarifying sentences based on helpful comments from D. Harlow
Chern dartboard insulator: sub-Brillouin zone topology and skyrmion multipoles
Creators: name: Chen, Yun-Chung
name: Lin, Yu-Ping
name: Kao, Ying-Jer
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Topology plays a crucial role in many physical systems, leading to interesting states at the surface. The paradigmatic example is the Chern number defined in the Brillouin zone that leads to the robust gapless edge states. Here we introduce the reduced Chern number, defined in subregions of the Brillouin zone (BZ), and construct a family of Chern dartboard insulators (CDIs) with quantized reduced Chern numbers in the sub-BZ (sBZ) but with trivial bulk topology. CDIs are protected by mirror symmetries and exhibit distinct pseudospin textures, including (anti)skyrmions, inside the sBZ. These CDIs host exotic gapless edge states, such as Möbius fermions and midgap corner states, and can be realized in photonic crystals. Our work opens up new possibilities for exploring sBZ topology and nontrivial surface responses in topological systems.
Supplementary Material from Localized waves in elastic plates with perturbed honeycomb arrays of constraints
Creators: name: Haslinger, S. G.
name: Frecentese, S.
name: Carta, G.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mechanics
subject: 90506 Structural Engineering
subject: FOS: Civil engineering
subject: 10299 Applied Mathematics not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Additional examples of interfacial waves for topological/trivial regions
Zarządzanie wartością przedsiębiorstwa w przedsiębiorstwach z branży papierniczej przy wykorzystaniu koncepcji VBM.
Creators: name: Okrzejska, Katarzyna
name: Knoska, Monika
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2013
Subjects: Economics

description: Poniższy raport przedstawia sposób zarządzania wartością przedsiębiorstwa, polegający na wykorzystaniu metody VBM (z ang. Value-based management). Zawarte w nim obliczenia dokonane na podstawie sprawozdań finansowych obrazują efektywność zarządzania kapitałami przedsiębiorstw oraz sugerują dalszy kierunek działań analizowanych przedsiębiorstw , zmierzających do zwiększenia ich ekonomicznej wartości.
Orbital Facility Location Problem for Satellite Constellation Servicing Depots
Creators: name: Shimane, Yuri
name: Gollins, Nick
name: Ho, Koki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: This work proposes an adaptation of the Facility Location Problem for the optimal placement of on-orbit servicing depots for satellite constellations in high-altitude orbit. The high-altitude regime, such as Medium Earth Orbit (MEO), is a unique dynamical environment where existing low-thrust propulsion systems can provide the necessary thrust to conduct plane-change maneuvers between the various orbital planes of the constellation. As such, on-orbit servicing architectures involving servicer spacecraft that conduct round-trips between servicing depots and the client satellites of the constellation may be conceived. To this end, orbital facility location problem is a binary linear program, where the costs of operating and allocating the facility(ies) to satellites are considered in terms of the sum of Equivalent Mass to Low Earth Orbit (EMLEO), is proposed. The low-thrust transfers between the facilities and the clients are computed using a parallel implementation of a Lyapunov feedback controller. The total launch cost of the depot along with its servicers, propellant, and payload are taken into account as the cost to establish a given depot. The proposed approach is applied to designing on-orbit servicing depots for the Galileo and the GPS constellations.
description: Submitted to the Journal of Spacecraft and Rockets, 34 pages, 11 figures
Terminable Transitions in a Topological Fermionic Ladder
Creators: name: He, Yuchi
name: Kennes, Dante M.
name: Karrasch, Christoph
name: Rausch, Roman
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Interacting fermionic ladders are important platforms to study quantum phases of matter, such as different types of Mott insulators. In particular, the D-Mott and S-Mott states hold pre-formed fermion pairs and become paired-fermion liquids upon doping (d-wave and s-wave, respectively). We show that the D-Mott and S-Mott phases are in fact two facets of the same topological phase and that the transition between them is terminable. These results provide a quantum analog of the well-known terminable liquid-to-gas transition. However, the phenomenology we uncover is even richer, as in contrast to the former, the order of the transition can be tuned by the interactions from continuous to first-order. The findings are based on numerical results using the variational uniform matrix-product state (VUMPS) formalism for infinite systems, and the density-matrix renormalization group (DMRG) algorithm for finite systems. This is complemented by analytical field-theoretical explanations. In particular, we present an effective theory to explain the change of transition order, which is potentially applicable to a broad range of other systems. The role of symmetries and edge states are briefly discussed.
description: 5+5 pages
Revolutionizing Future Connectivity: A Contemporary Survey on AI-empowered Satellite-based Non-Terrestrial Networks in 6G
Creators: name: Mahboob, Shadab
name: Liu, Lingjia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Non-Terrestrial Networks (NTN) are expected to be a critical component of 6th Generation (6G) networks, providing ubiquitous, continuous, and scalable services. Satellites emerge as the primary enabler for NTN, leveraging their extensive coverage, stable orbits, scalability, and adherence to international regulations. However, satellite-based NTN presents unique challenges, including long propagation delay, high Doppler shift, frequent handovers, spectrum sharing complexities, and intricate beam and resource allocation, among others. The integration of NTNs into existing terrestrial networks in 6G introduces a range of novel challenges, including task offloading, network routing, network slicing, and many more. To tackle all these obstacles, this paper proposes Artificial Intelligence (AI) as a promising solution, harnessing its ability to capture intricate correlations among diverse network parameters. We begin by providing a comprehensive background on NTN and AI, highlighting the potential of AI techniques in addressing various NTN challenges. Next, we present an overview of existing works, emphasizing AI as an enabling tool for satellite-based NTN, and explore potential research directions. Furthermore, we discuss ongoing research efforts that aim to enable AI in satellite-based NTN through software-defined implementations, while also discussing the associated challenges. Finally, we conclude by providing insights and recommendations for enabling AI-driven satellite-based NTN in future 6G networks.
description: 44 pages, 20 Figures, 10 Tables, Survey
Investigating the elliptic anisotropy of identified particles in p--Pb collisions with a multi-phase transport model
Creators: name: Tang, Siyu
name: Zheng, Liang
name: Zhang, Xiaoming
name: Wan, Renzhuo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The elliptic azimuthal anisotropy coefficient ($v_{2}$) of the identified particles at midrapidity ($|η|<0.8$) was investigated in p--Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_\mathrm{NN}}=$ 5.02 TeV using a multi-phase transport model (AMPT). The calculations of differential $v_{2}$ based on the advanced flow extraction method of light flavor hadrons (pions, kaons, protons, and $Λ$) in small collision systems were extended to a wider transverse momentum ($p_{\mathrm{T}}$) range of up to 8 GeV/$c$ for the first time. The string-melting version of the AMPT model provides a good description of the measured $p_{\mathrm{T}}$-differential $v_{2}$ of the mesons but exhibits a slight deviation from the baryon $v_{2}$. In addition, we observed the features of mass ordering at low $p_{\mathrm{T}}$ and the approximate number of constituent quarks (NCQ) scaled at intermediate $p_{\mathrm{T}}$. Moreover, we demonstrate that hadronic rescattering does not have a significant impact on $v_{2}$ in p--Pb collisions for different centrality selections, whereas partonic scattering dominates in generating the elliptic anisotropy of the final particles. This study provides further insight into the origin of collective-like behavior in small collision systems and has referential value for future measurements of azimuthal anisotropy.
description: 9 pages, 9 figures
Intrinsic spin-orbit torque mechanism for deterministic all-electric switching of noncollinear antiferromagnets
Creators: name: Chen, Yiyuan
name: Du, Z. Z.
name: Lu, Hai-Zhou
name: Xie, X. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using a pure electric current to control kagome noncollinear antiferromagnets is promising in information storage and processing, but a full description is still lacking, in particular, on intrinsic (i.e., no external magnetic fields or external spin currents) spin-orbit torques. In this work, we self-consistently describe the relations among the electronic structure, magnetic structure, spin accumulations, and intrinsic spin-orbit torques, in the magnetic dynamics of a noncollinear antiferromagnet driven by a pure electric current. Our calculation can yield a critical current density comparable with those in the experiments, when considering the boost from the out-of-plane magnetic dynamics induced by the current-driven spin accumulation on individual magnetic moments. We stress the parity symmetry breaking in deterministic switching among magnetic structures. This work will be helpful for future applications of noncollinear antiferromagnets.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
Dark-energy wormholes in generalized Kaluza-Klein gravity
Creators: name: Kuhfittig, Peter K. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper discusses traversable wormholes in a dark-energy setting by starting with a model due to Sung-Won Kim. This model, based on the Friedmann-Lemaitre-Robertson-Walker model, is combined with a generalized Kaluza-Klein model. It is well known that phantom dark energy can in principle support traversable wormholes due to the violation of the null energy condition (NEC), a necessary condition for holding a wormhole open. Since the phantom divide constitutes a serious barrier, we retain the dark-energy assumption $a''(t)>0$ but stay below the phantom divide. To show that the violation of the NEC can only come from the fifth dimension requires a careful analysis of the scale factor $a(t)$. While needed in the overall model, certain 1-forms lack this scale factor since the extra dimension, often assumed to be compactified, would not be affected by the cosmological expansion. The result is a viable wormhole model of the Sung-Won Kim type. Our main conclusion involves Morris-Thorne wormholes: due to the Kaluza-Klein gravity, we obtain a complete wormhole solution without crossing the phantom divide.
description: 11 pages, no figures
title: Vanillier :
title: Principes directeurs pour la conduite de l’examen de la distinction, de l’homogénéité et de la stabilité.
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: International Union For The Protection Of New Varieties Of Plants,
Publisher: name: International Union for the Protection of New Varieties of Plants,
Year: 0
Subjects: Plants
New Varieties of Plants
Vanilla

description: Ces principes directeurs (“principes directeurs d’examen”) visent à approfondir les principes énoncés dans l’introduction générale (document TG/1/3) et dans les documents TGP qui s’y rapportent afin de donner des indications concrètes détaillées pour l’harmonisation de l’examen de la distinction, de l’homogénéité et de la stabilité (DHS) et, en particulier, à identifier des caractères convenant à l’examen DHS et à la production de descriptions variétales harmonisées.
Effectiveness of additional C2 decompression of the cervical spinal canal after cervical laminoplasty: a retrospective cohort study
Creators: name: Li, Huashuai
name: Song, Chengchao
name: Wang, Yufu
name: Qiu, Zhaowen
name: Yan, Jinglong
name: Liu, Xiaoqi
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Mental Health
subject: Hematology
subject: Computational Biology

description: This study aimed to assess the effects of additional C2 decompression of the cervical spinal canal on the postoperative outcomes after cervical laminoplasty in patients with cervical stenosis caused by ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament (OPLL). This retrospective cohort study included patients with cervical stenosis due to OPLL and treated between April 2014 and December 2015. The patients who underwent C2-7 (additional C2 decompression) and C3-7 posterior decompression were compared using the Japanese Orthopedic Association (JOA) scores, visual analog scale (VAS) scores, axial symptom scores, and intervals between the posterior margin of the vertebral body and the K-line. There were 36 and 24 patients in the additional C2 decompression and control groups, respectively. The JOA scores were higher in the additional C2 decompression group than the controls at 1 and 3 years (p < 0.05). Upper extremity motor function after the operation and at 1 and 3 years and lower extremity motor function after operation were improved in the additional C2 decompression group (all p < 0.05 vs. controls). VAS scores were lower in the additional C2 decompression group than controls at 1 year (p < 0.05). Axial symptom scores in the additional C2 decompression group were decreased postoperatively but increased at 1 and 3 years (p < 0.05 vs. controls). Finally, the posterior shift of the K-line in the additional C2 decompression group was significant (from 0.98 to 1.68 cm, p < 0.05). Additional C2 decompression might improve the effectiveness of cervical laminoplasty in patients with cervical stenosis caused by OPLL.
Compressive vertebral hemangiomas with neurological deficits: diagnosis, surgical strategies and long term outcome
Creators: name: Kesavapisharady, Krishnakumar
name: Divakar, Ganesh
name: George, Tobin
name: R., Jayadevan E.
name: Hariharan, Easwer Venkat
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer

description: Compressive vertebral hemangiomas with neurological deficits (CVHND) form a rare, unique subset of lesions comprising of differing clinico-imaging findings, pathologic behavior and treatment, when compared to the commoner and usually incidental intra-osseus vertebral hemangiomas (VH). Though various surgical strategies and a broad array of adjuncts have evolved and changed over the years, there is paucity of comprehensive data from sizeable series of such patients treated surgically with long term follow up. The purpose of this study is to device an optimum management strategy in CVHND based on our surgical experience. The data from electronic medical records of 26 consecutive patients operated in our department from 2009 to 2019 were retrospectively analyzed. There were 11 males and 15 females with a mean age of 34.7 years. Neurological examination revealed paraparesis or paraplegia with myelopathy in all patients with Frankel score of B, C and D in 1 (3.9%), 11 (42.3%) and 14 (53.8%) patients respectively. Sixteen patients (61%) underwent laminectomy and gross total excision of extradural soft tissue component, 7 (27%) laminectomy with posterolateral fusion, three (12%) underwent additional anterior interbody support. The mean follow up was 72.4 months and at last follow-up 24 patients (92%) were Frankel E. Symptomatic recurrence was seen in two patients operated early in the series, they underwent re-surgery, gross total excision with posterolateral fusion, remaining neurologically intact at last follow up. Pre-operative embolization, surgical excision of extradural component and intra-operative vertebroplasty form the mainstay of treatment for CVHND. Instrumented posterolateral fusion with optional anterior interbody support accomplished through the same approach is required only in a minority of cases. The long-term outcome following timely and appropriate treatment is excellent. Anterior or anterolateral approaches for intervertebral support and radical procedures like total en-bloc spondylectomy (TES) are not usually required.
Active Learning-based Model Predictive Coverage Control
Creators: name: Rickenbach, Rahel
name: Köhler, Johannes
name: Scampicchio, Anna
name: Zeilinger, Melanie N.
name: Carron, Andrea
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: The problem of coverage control, i.e., of coordinating multiple agents to optimally cover an area, arises in various applications. However, coverage applications face two major challenges: (1) dealing with nonlinear dynamics while respecting system and safety critical constraints, and (2) performing the task in an initially unknown environment. We solve the coverage problem by using a hierarchical framework, in which references are calculated at a central server and passed to the agents' local model predictive control (MPC) tracking schemes. Furthermore, to ensure that the environment is actively explored by the agents a probabilistic exploration-exploitation trade-off is deployed. In addition, we derive a control framework that avoids the hierarchical structure by integrating the reference optimization in the MPC formulation. Active learning is then performed drawing inspiration from Upper Confidence Bound (UCB) approaches. For all developed control architectures, we guarantee closed-loop constraint satisfaction and convergence to an optimal configuration. Furthermore, all methods are tested and compared on hardware using a miniature car platform.
description: Extended version of accepted paper in IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control, 2024
Supplementary Material for 'On the Bövik-Benveniste methodology and related approaches for modeling thin layers'
Creators: name: Baranova, S.
name: Mogilevskaya, S. G.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mechanics
subject: 10299 Applied Mathematics not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 30399 Macromolecular and Materials Chemistry not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: This paper reviews several leading approaches for asymptotic modelling of thin layers in elastostatics and wave propagation phenomena. The issues related to applications of the so-called ‘equivalent’ or ‘effective’ boundary conditions and their interpretations are highlighted. Comparative analysis of asymptotic models is performed for two-dimensional elastostatic case using a novel complex variables-based modelling tool. Its implementation allows for straightforward derivations of higher order boundary conditions for problems with layers of arbitrary sufficiently smooth curvatures. Explicit expressions for the conditions up to the third order are provided. All models are tested using available benchmark solutions and the solutions for the limiting cases of the layer parameters.This article is part of the theme issue ‘Wave generation and transmission in multi-scale complex media and structured metamaterials (part 1)’.
Zarządzanie wartością przedsiębiorstwa na przykładzie przedsiębiorstw z branży produkcyjnej artykułów spożywczych
Creators: name: Rafał Szamatowicz
name: Bujak, Damian
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2013
Subjects: Economics

description: Prepared report shows how companies value management as an example companies in the food manufacturing industry. Placed calculations illustrate the determination optimal capital structure based on data from the financial statements of the analyzed companies read and assumed values for the industry.
Evaluation of the effect of bilateral subthalamic nucleus deep brain stimulation on fatigue in Parkinson’s Disease as measured by the non-motor symptoms scale
Creators: name: Lazcano-Ocampo, Claudia
name: van Wamelen, Daniel
name: Samuel, Michael
name: Silverdale, Monty
name: Rizos, Alexandra
name: Sauerbier, Anna
name: Koch, Julia
name: Podlewska, Aleksandra
name: Leta, Valentina
name: Dafsari, Haidar S.
name: Timmermann, Lars
name: Ashkan, Keyoumars
name: Chaudhuri, K. Ray
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Mental Health

description: Fatigue is a common and disabling non-motor symptom (NMS) in Parkinson’s disease (PD) patients. However, the effect of subthalamic nucleus (STN) deep brain stimulation (DBS) on fatigue has not been widely studied. To determine the effect of STN DBS on fatigue in PD patients, measured by the Non-motor symptoms scale (NMSS). Cross-sectional analysis of 50 patients with PD who underwent STN DBS at King’s College Hospital and Salford Royal Hospital with fatigue scores (measured by question number 4 from domain 2 (sleep/fatigue) of the NMSS as the primary outcome measure. Secondary outcome measures included the PD Sleep Scale (PDSS), Scales for Outcome in PD (SCOPA)-motor examination, activities of daily living, motor complications, Hoehn and Yahr (HY) stage and changes in Levodopa Equivalent Daily Dose (LEDD). 50 patients with a mean follow-up period of 1.98 ± 1.36 years were studied. Significant improvement in median fatigue scores (4.00 (0.75–9.00) to 1.00 (0.00–4.50); p = .001) was observed. In addition, improvements in question 5 (sleep maintenance and fragmentation; 8.00 (4.00–12.00) to 0.00 (0.00–4.00); p < .001) and in domain 2 total score (sleep/fatigue; 20.00 (8.75–27.25) to 6.00 (0.75–16.00); p < .001) were also significant, together with improvements in NMSS total score, SCOPA scores and HY stage (p ≤ .02). Moreover, LEDD but especially dopamine agonists LEDD was significantly reduced after DBS (310.00 (0.00–480.00) to 150.00 (0.00–300.00); p < .020). Even though open label and not using a validated fatigue scale, this observational analysis suggest that fatigue improves significantly after STN DBS with persisting benefits at two years follow-up.
New drugs 2
Creators: name: Therapeutics Initiative (University Of British Columbia)
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2023

description: Therapeutics Letter 17 reviews the five newer drugs famciclovir, valacyclovir, torsemide, etodolac, and naltrexone. Conclusions: Anti-viral drugs have a modest beneficial effect if given early (rash <72 hr) to immunocompetent patients (>50 yr) with moderate to severe rash or pain associated with acute herpes zoster (shingles). Torsemide is a new loop diuretic which is more potent and longer acting than furosemide; however, at present there are no demonstrated therapeutic advantages of torsemide. Etodolac is a new NSAID which has similar effectiveness to other available NSAIDs. It may prove to have a relatively low incidence of serious GI toxicity, however more data are required. Naltrexone is a pure long acting orally active opioid antagonist which may prove effective as an adjunct in opioid and alcohol dependence treatment programs.
Rules of scientific inquiry and clinical trials : improvement is needed
Creators: name: Kazanjian, Arminée, 1947-
name: Hadorn, David C., 1952-
name: Green, C. J. (Carolyn Joanne), 1956-
Publisher: name: British Columbia Office of Health Technology Assessment (BCOHTA)
Year: 2014

description: Valid scientific research on the effectiveness of interventions provides the foundation for improving the quality of health care. The social nature of this scientific activity requires a commitment on the part of scientists to follow established rules of inquiry in order to foster objectivity in observation and conclusion. The existence and general acceptance of these rules is in large part responsible for the privileged position awarded to science by contemporary Western societies. When scientists do not follow prescribed rules, the validity of their observations, studies, and conclusions is compromised. Such rule infractions are not always acknowledged by the relevant scientific community, in which case society at large remains unaware of the problem. We illustrate this problem by reference to the use (or non-use) of established rules designed to minimize observer bias in clinical trials and ensure unbiased reporting-areas which require subjective judgment and which are therefore modifiable. To the extent that investigators have strayed from these rules, the affected trials should be considered less than fully scientific and society should hesitate to accept their results. The identification of breaches of scientific rules of inquiry through rigorous critical appraisal protects the public from recommendations emanating from flawed science.
Linear stability of compact shrinking Ricci solitons
Creators: name: Cao, Huai-Dong
name: Zhu, Meng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper, we continue investigating the second variation of Perelman's $ν$-entropy for compact shrinking Ricci solitons. In particular, we improve some of our previous work in "H.-D. Cao and M. Zhu, Math. Ann. 353 (2012), No. 3, 747-763", as well as the more recent work in "M. Mehrmohamadi and A. Razavi, arXiv:2104.08343", and obtain a necessary and sufficient condition for a compact shrinking Ricci soliton to be linearly stable. Our work also extends similar results of Hamilton, Ilmanen and the first author in "arXiv:math.DG/0404165" (see also "H.-D. Cao and C. He, J. Reine Angew. Math. 2015 (2015), no. 709, 229-246.") for positive Einstein manifolds to the compact shrinking Ricci soliton case.
description: Final version; to appear in Math. Ann
ChemSpider: A Chemistry Centric Hub to Navigate the Internet
Creators: name: Williams, Antony
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2013
Subjects: Cheminformatics

description: The Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC) is the largest organization in Europe with the specific mission of advancing the chemical sciences. As part of its mission RSC provides the free ChemSpider database to the community so that chemists can source, annotate and curate existing data, andexpose and publish their own chemistry data in a publicly accessible database.
Tracking a Spin-Polarized Superconducting Bound State across a Quantum Phase Transition
Creators: name: Karan, Sujoy
name: Huang, Haonan
name: Ivanovic, Alexander
name: Padurariu, Ciprian
name: Kubala, Björn
name: Kern, Klaus
name: Ankerhold, Joachim
name: Ast, Christian R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The magnetic exchange coupling between magnetic impurities and a superconductor induce so-called Yu-Shiba-Rusinov (YSR) states which undergo a quantum phase transition (QPT) upon increasing the exchange interaction beyond a critical value. While the evolution through the QPT is readily observable, in particular if the YSR state features an electron-hole asymmetry, the concomitant change in the ground state is more difficult to identify. We use ultralow temperature scanning tunneling microscopy to demonstrate how the change in the YSR ground state across the QPT can be directly observed for a spin-1/2 impurity in a magnetic field. We observe a change in the excitation spectrum from the doublet ground state in the free spin regime (two spectral features) to the singlet ground state in the screened spin regime (four spectral features). We also identify a transition regime, where the YSR excitation energy is smaller than the Zeeman energy. We thus provide a straightforward way for unambiguously identifying the ground state of a spin-1/2 YSR state.
description: 11 pages, 10 figures, including supplementary information
Excitonic Mott insulator in a Bose-Fermi-Hubbard system of moiré $\rm{WS}_2$/$\rm{WSe}_2$ heterobilayer
Creators: name: Gao, Beini
name: Suárez-Forero, Daniel G.
name: Sarkar, Supratik
name: Huang, Tsung-Sheng
name: Session, Deric
name: Mehrabad, Mahmoud Jalali
name: Ni, Ruihao
name: Xie, Ming
name: Upadhyay, Pranshoo
name: Vannucci, Jonathan
name: Mittal, Sunil
name: Watanabe, Kenji
name: Taniguchi, Takashi
name: Imamoglu, Atac
name: Zhou, You
name: Hafezi, Mohammad
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Understanding the Hubbard model is crucial for investigating various quantum many-body states and its fermionic and bosonic versions have been largely realized separately. Recently, transition metal dichalcogenides heterobilayers have emerged as a promising platform for simulating the rich physics of the Hubbard model. In this work, we explore the interplay between fermionic and bosonic populations, using a $\rm{WS}_2$/$\rm{WSe}_2$ heterobilayer device that hosts this hybrid particle density. We independently tune the fermionic and bosonic populations by electronic doping and optical injection of electron-hole pairs, respectively. This enables us to form strongly interacting excitons that are manifested in a large energy gap in the photoluminescence spectrum. The incompressibility of excitons is further corroborated by measuring exciton diffusion, which remains constant upon increasing pumping intensity, as opposed to the expected behavior of a weakly interacting gas of bosons, suggesting the formation of a bosonic Mott insulator. We explain our observations using a two-band model including phase space filling. Our system provides a controllable approach to the exploration of quantum many-body effects in the generalized Bose-Fermi-Hubbard model.
description: Main text: 7 pages, 5 figures. Supplementary Material: 10 pages, 7 figures
Positive Cold Fusion finding are likely the result of incorrect measurements of average temperature.
Creators: name: Gershteyn, Arkady
name: Gershteyn, Lev I.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2013
Subjects: Thermodynamics
Atomic Physics

description: The objective of this article is to evaluate whether the method of temperature measurements used in
cold fusion experiments is accurate. Specifically, the focus of the study is to determine whether using
one temperature sensor in cold fusion setups is valid as an estimate of the average temperature over
the water volume, which is proportional to energy content. Some investigators claim that they produce
excess energy whereas the estimates of heat generated rely on one point temperature measurement, believed to equal the average, which is in fact close to the maximum in the entire volume. Our experiments show that in the absence of forced stirring, the use of one sensor data could lead to
overestimate of the true average. It is well known that forced rapid stirring evens the temperature over
a volume of heated water. Correspondingly the study includes two experiments – one without stirring,
and one with stirring. Two experiments were conducted, one without stirring and using only one
thermometer directly above the current-carrying cathode suspended in water; and another with stirring but otherwise identical to the first. Stirring was realized by a Nuova ® II magnetic stirrer, at a rate of 2 revolutions per second. The result of the first experiment was an apparent excess production of energy of 57.4%, based on the
assumption that temperature recording of the single thermometer (at one point) could be extrapolated
to the entire water content. The result of the second experiment was an apparent 13.6% loss of energy,
using the same calculation method. The only substantial difference between the two experiments was the introduction of forced stirring. On the basis of this finding, the authors argue that the excess energy results of cold fusion researchers can be completely accounted for by methodological flaw of using one point measurement (which is close to the maximum) as a representative of the entire volume’s
temperature.
ElegansNet: a brief scientific report and initial experiments
Creators: name: Bardozzo, Francesco
name: Terlizzi, Andrea
name: Liò, Pietro
name: Tagliaferri, Roberto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: I.2.0
subject: 68T07 (Primary)

description: This research report introduces ElegansNet, a neural network that mimics real-world neuronal network circuitry, with the goal of better understanding the interplay between connectome topology and deep learning systems. The proposed approach utilizes the powerful representational capabilities of living beings' neuronal circuitry to design and generate improved deep learning systems with a topology similar to natural networks. The Caenorhabditis elegans connectome is used as a reference due to its completeness, reasonable size, and functional neuron classes annotations. It is demonstrated that the connectome of simple organisms exhibits specific functional relationships between neurons, and once transformed into learnable tensor networks and integrated into modern architectures, it offers bio-plausible structures that efficiently solve complex tasks. The performance of the models is demonstrated against randomly wired networks and compared to artificial networks ranked on global benchmarks. In the first case, ElegansNet outperforms randomly wired networks. Interestingly, ElegansNet models show slightly similar performance with only those based on the Watts-Strogatz small-world property. When compared to state-of-the-art artificial neural networks, such as transformers or attention-based autoencoders, ElegansNet outperforms well-known deep learning and traditional models in both supervised image classification tasks and unsupervised hand-written digits reconstruction, achieving top-1 accuracy of 99.99% on Cifar10 and 99.84% on MNIST Unsup on the validation sets.
description: 4 pages, short report before full paper submission
Study on interaction of p-sulfonato calix[6]arene with arsanilic acid
Creators: name: Chennakesavulu, K.
name: Sreedevi, P.
name: Raju, G. Bhaskar
name: Reddy, G. Ramanjaneya
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Physiology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Inorganic Chemistry

description: The interaction of p-sulfonatocalix[6]arene (PSC6) with o-arsanilic acid (OASA) and p-arsanilic acid (PASA) was studied by UV–Visible spectroscopy, high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis, photoluminescence (PL) spectra, and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) studies. The studies confirm the inclusion of PASA in PSC6 cavity.
A Deep Registration Method for Accurate Quantification of Joint Space Narrowing Progression in Rheumatoid Arthritis
Creators: name: Wang, Haolin
name: Ou, Yafei
name: Fang, Wanxuan
name: Ambalathankandy, Prasoon
name: Goto, Naoto
name: Ota, Gen
name: Ikebe, Masayuki
name: Kamishima, Tamotsu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: I.4
subject: 68T45

description: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune inflammatory disease that results in progressive articular destruction and severe disability. Joint space narrowing (JSN) progression has been regarded as an important indicator for RA progression and has received sustained attention. In the diagnosis and monitoring of RA, radiology plays a crucial role to monitor joint space. A new framework for monitoring joint space by quantifying JSN progression through image registration in radiographic images has been developed. This framework offers the advantage of high accuracy, however, challenges do exist in reducing mismatches and improving reliability. In this work, a deep intra-subject rigid registration network is proposed to automatically quantify JSN progression in the early stage of RA. In our experiments, the mean-square error of Euclidean distance between moving and fixed image is 0.0031, standard deviation is 0.0661 mm, and the mismatching rate is 0.48\%. The proposed method has sub-pixel level accuracy, exceeding manual measurements by far, and is equipped with immune to noise, rotation, and scaling of joints. Moreover, this work provides loss visualization, which can aid radiologists and rheumatologists in assessing quantification reliability, with important implications for possible future clinical applications. As a result, we are optimistic that this proposed work will make a significant contribution to the automatic quantification of JSN progression in RA.
description: 11 pages, 9 figures, 7 tables
Foaming honey: particle or molecular foaming agent?
Creators: name: Tyowua, Andrew T.
name: Echendu, Adebukola M.
name: Yiase, Stephen G.
name: Adejo, Sylvester O.
name: Leke, Luter
name: Mbawuaga, Emmanuel M.
name: Binks, Bernard P.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Physiology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer

description: Honey foam was prepared using particle (precipitated CaCO3) or molecular (sodium lauryl sulfate) foaming agent. We noted the foam volume and the time it took a foam sample to collapse completely so as to determine the best foaming agent. Foams were prepared by aerating honey in the presence of varying concentrations of the particles or sodium lauryl sulfate. Aqueous foams were similarly prepared for comparison. Sodium lauryl sulfate gave a higher volume of honey foam, which did not collapse completely for more than 4 months compared with precipitated CaCO3 particles which gave a smaller foam volume that collapsed completely within 4 weeks. Aqueous foams prepared from the surfactant, by contrast, collapsed completely within three hours while those prepared from the particles did not collapse within the same timeframe. This shows that the surfactant is a better foaming agent in honey compared with the particles, while the particles are a better foaming agent in water compared with the surfactant.
Overwhelming Bipartisan Majority Opposes Repealing Net Neutrality
Creators: name: Kull, Steven
name: Fehsenfeld, Evan
name: Martens, Francesca
name: Lewitus, Evan Charles
Publisher: name: Digital Repository at the University of Maryland
Year: 2017
Subjects: Net Neutrality
Federal Communications Commission (FCC)
Telecommunications

description: A policymaking simulation is an online process that puts citizens in the shoes of elected officials by simulating the process they go through in making policy decisions. Each simulation introduces a broader policy topic and then presents a series of modules that address a specific policy option that is currently under consideration in the current discourse. For each module, respondents: 1) receive a short briefing on a policy issue and the option or options for addressing it; 2) evaluate arguments for and against the policy options; and 3) finally, make their recommendation for what their elected officials should do.
description: Overwhelming bipartisan majorities oppose the plan that the Federal Communications Commission will consider this Thursday, December 14, to repeal the regulations requiring net neutrality. Respondents were given a short briefing and asked to evaluate arguments for and against the proposal before making their final recommendation. The survey content was reviewed by experts in favor and against net neutrality, to ensure that the briefing was accurate and balanced and that the strongest arguments were presented. At the conclusion, 83% opposed repealing net neutrality, including 75% of Republicans, as well as 89% of Democrats and 86% of independents.
Six in Ten Support the Alexander-Murray Healthcare Fixes
Creators: name: Kull, Steven
name: Fehsenfeld, Evan
name: Lewitus, Evan Charles
name: Martens, Francesca
Publisher: name: Digital Repository at the University of Maryland
Year: 2018
Subjects: Affordable Care Act
Copper plans
Healthcare Stabilization Act of 2017

description: A policymaking simulation is an online process that puts citizens in the shoes of elected officials by simulating the process they go through in making policy decisions. Each simulation introduces a broader policy topic and then presents a series of modules that address a specific policy option that is currently under consideration in the current discourse. For each module, respondents: 1) receive a short briefing on a policy issue and the option or options for addressing it; 2) evaluate arguments for and against the policy options; and 3) finally, make their recommendation for what their elected officials should do.
description: A new in-depth survey presented the three key provisions of the Alexander Murray bill, that addresses issues with the Affordable Care Act (ACA), to a sample of 2,511 registered voters and had them evaluate arguments for and against each provision. In the end, all three proposals were endorsed by about six in ten voters. These include allowing Americans age 30 and up to have low cost, high deductible ‘copper plans,’ and reversing the Trump administration cuts for health-care cost subsidies for low-income people, and cuts for outreach and education for the ACA exchanges. One of the most controversial aspects of the ACA is that Americans age 30 and up cannot have what are called ‘copper plans,’ which have lower premiums but require patients to pay nearly all of the medical costs until they meet the high deductible of $7,150. The proposal in the Alexander-Murray bill is to allow older people to have such low-cost plans as well.