cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
A systematic review of the effects of pre‐pregnancy weight loss on perinatal outcomes among overweight and obese mothers
Creators: name: Richberg, Christopher
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: INTRODUCTION: Obesity has become an increasing health problem in the US over the past several decades, and is associated with health problems in all populations. Studies investigating the effects of obesity on pregnancy have shown an increase in adverse perinatal outcomes. The purpose of this systematic review was to analyze the existing literature on the effects of pre-pregnancy weight loss on perinatal outcomes among overweight and obese mothers. METHODS: PubMed and ISI Web of Knowledge were searched for relevant articles from 4/10/2011 to 5/23/2011; previous reference lists were reviewed to find other relevant studies. The review of the literature included 1021 abstracts and 55 full-text articles. Ten studies were included. Studies deemed to have “good” and “fair” internal validity were included in analysis. RESULTS: The evidence presents a mixed picture. Many studies were not significantly powered to produce statistically significant differences in outcomes. Although it does appear that pre-pregnancy weight loss may be associated with a decrease in preeclampsia and macrosomia, the effects on preterm birth, cesarean section, intrauterine growth restriction, low birth weight, and perinatal mortality are unclear. More high quality studies are needed to elucidate the effects of pre-pregnancy weight loss on these perinatal outcomes. CONCLUSION: While it appears that pre-pregnancy weight loss may be associated with a decrease in preeclampsia and macrosomia, the evidence is ultimately insufficient to determine the effects of pre-pregnancy weight loss on other perinatal outcomes.
Macrospin Dynamics in Antiferromagnets Triggered by Sub-20 femtosecond Injection of Nanomagnons
Creators: name: Bossini, D.
name: Conte, S. Dal
name: Hashimoto, Y.
name: Secchi, A.
name: Pisarev, R. V.
name: Rasing, Th.
name: Cerullo, G.
name: Kimel, A. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The understanding of how the sub-nanoscale exchange interaction evolves in macroscale correlations and ordered phases of matter, such as magnetism and superconductivity, requires to bridge the quantum and classical worlds. This monumental challenge has so far only been achieved for systems close to their thermodynamical equilibrium. Here we follow in real time the ultrafast dynamics of the macroscale magnetic order parameter triggered by the impulsive optical generation of spin excitations with the shortest possible nanometer-wavelength and femtosecond-period. Our experiments also disclose a possibility for the coherent control of these femtosecond nanomagnons, which are defined by the exchange energy. These findings open up novel opportunities for fundamental research on the role of short-wavelength spin excitations in magnetism and high-temperature superconductivity, since they provide a macroscopic probe of the femtosecond dynamics of sub-nanometer spin-spin correlations and, ultimately, of the exchange energy. With this approach it becomes possible to trace the dynamics of such short-range magnetic correlations for instance during phase transitions. Moreover, our work suggests that nanospintronics and nanomagnonics can employ phase-controllable spin waves with frequencies in the 20 THz domain.
Magic square and three-zero textures for Dirac neutrinos
Creators: name: Minamizawa, Ryota
name: Hyodo, Yuta
name: Kitabayashi, Teruyuki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show a matrix decomposition of flavor mass matrix for Dirac neutrinos $M$ by sum as $M=M'+M^0$ where $M'$ obeys the feature of the magic square and $M^0$ is three-zero texture. The favorable three-zero textures in the context of magic square are explored. It turned out that so-called the normal ordering of neutrino masses is favored over the inverted ordering in the context of magic square.
description: 16 pages, 1 figure. Accepted for publication in International Journal of Modern Physics A
Massive stars exploding in a He-rich circumstellar medium - VII. The metamorphosis of ASASSN-15ed from a narrow line Type Ibn to a normal Type Ib Supernova
Creators: name: Pastorello, A.
name: Prieto, J. L.
name: Elias-Rosa, N.
name: Bersier, D.
name: Hosseinzadeh, G.
name: Morales-Garoffolo, A.
name: Noebauer, U. M.
name: Taubenberger, S.
name: Tomasella, L.
name: Kochanek, C. S.
name: Falco, E.
name: Basu, U.
name: Beacom, J. F.
name: Benetti, S.
name: Brimacombe, J.
name: Cappellaro, E.
name: Danilet, A. B.
name: Dong, Subo
name: Fernandez, J. M.
name: Goss, N.
name: Granata, V.
name: Harutyunyan, A.
name: Holoien, T. W. -S.
name: Ishida, E. E. O.
name: Kiyota, S.
name: Krannich, G.
name: Nicholls, B.
name: Ochner, P.
name: Pojmanski, G.
name: Shappee, B. J.
name: Simonian, G. V.
name: Stanek, K. Z.
name: Starrfield, S.
name: Szczygiel, D.
name: Tartaglia, L.
name: Terreran, G.
name: Thompson, T. A.
name: Turatto, M.
name: Wagner, R. M.
name: Wiethoff, W. S.
name: Wilber, A.
name: Wozniak, P. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the results of the spectroscopic and photometric monitoring campaign of ASASSN-15ed. The transient was discovered quite young by the All Sky Automated Survey for SuperNovae (ASAS-SN). Amateur astronomers allowed us to sample the photometric SN evolution around maximum light, which we estimate to have occurred on JD = 2457087.4 +- 0.6 in the r-band. Its apparent r-band magnitude at maximum was r = 16.91 +- 0.10, providing an absolute magnitude M(r) ~ -20.04 +- 0.20, which is slightly more luminous than the typical magnitudes estimated for Type Ibn SNe. The post-peak evolution was well monitored, and the decline rate (being in most bands around 0.1 mag/d during the first 25 d after maximum) is marginally slower than the average decline rates of SNe Ibn during the same time interval. The object was initially classified as a Type Ibn SN because early-time spectra were characterized by a blue continuum with superimposed narrow P-Cygni lines of He I, suggesting the presence of a slowly moving (1200-1500 km/s), He-rich circumstellar medium. Later on, broad P-Cygni He I lines became prominent. The inferred velocities, as measured from the minimum of the broad absorption components, were between 6000 and 7000 km/s. As we attribute these broad features to the SN ejecta, this is the first time we have observed the transition of a Type Ibn SN to a Type Ib SN.
description: 14 pages, 7 figures, 4 tables; published by MNRAS
The Gravity Dual of Renyi Entropy
Creators: name: Dong, Xi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A remarkable yet mysterious property of black holes is that their entropy is proportional to the horizon area. This area law inspired the holographic principle, which was later realized concretely in gauge/gravity duality. In this context, entanglement entropy is given by the area of a minimal surface in a dual spacetime. However, discussions of area laws have been constrained to entanglement entropy, whereas a full understanding of a quantum state requires Renyi entropies. Here we show that all Renyi entropies satisfy a similar area law in holographic theories and are given by the areas of dual cosmic branes. This geometric prescription is a one-parameter generalization of the minimal surface prescription for entanglement entropy. Applying this we provide the first holographic calculation of mutual Renyi information between two disks of arbitrary dimension. Our results provide a framework for efficiently studying Renyi entropies and understanding entanglement structures in strongly coupled systems and quantum gravity.
description: 9 pages, 1 figure; v2: typos fixed, references and minor clarifications added; v3: references added, title and format changed to match version to be published in Nature Communications
An integral equation method for the advection-diffusion equation on time-dependent domains in the plane
Creators: name: Fryklund, Fredrik
name: Pålsson, Sara
name: Tornberg, Anna-Karin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Boundary integral methods are attractive for solving homogeneous linear constant coefficient elliptic partial differential equations on complex geometries, since they can offer accurate solutions with a computational cost that is linear or close to linear in the number of discretization points on the boundary of the domain. However, these numerical methods are not straightforward to apply to time-dependent equations, which often arise in science and engineering. We address this problem with an integral equation-based solver for the advection-diffusion equation on moving and deforming geometries in two space dimensions. In this method, an adaptive high-order accurate time-stepping scheme based on semi-implicit spectral deferred correction is applied. One time-step then involves solving a sequence of non-homogeneous modified Helmholtz equations, a method known as elliptic marching. Our solution methodology utilizes several recently developed methods, including special purpose quadrature, a function extension technique and a spectral Ewald method for the modified Helmholtz kernel. Special care is also taken to handle the time-dependent geometries. The numerical method is tested through several numerical examples to demonstrate robustness, flexibility and accuracy
Dislocation Field Theory in 2D: Application to Graphene
Creators: name: Lazar, Markus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A two-dimensional (2D) dislocation continuum theory is being introduced. The present theory adds elastic rotation, dislocation density, and background stress to the classical energy density of elasticity. This theory contains four material moduli. Two characteristic length scales are defined in terms of the four material moduli. Non-singular solutions of the stresses and elastic distortions of an edge dislocation are calculated. It has been pointed out that the elastic strain agrees well with experimental data found recently for an edge dislocation in graphene.
title: Ultrasound in the evaluation of diaphragm
Creators: name: Roriz, Diogo
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Thorax
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Education
subject: Education and training

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: - Present the anatomy of the diaphragm its main relationships of the adjacent structures and ultrasonographic appearance - Describe the main points that should be evaluatde in diaphragmatic ultrasound and propose a systematic method of evaluation. -...
Channel-wise Mixed-precision Assignment for DNN Inference on Constrained Edge Nodes
Creators: name: Risso, Matteo
name: Burrello, Alessio
name: Benini, Luca
name: Macii, Enrico
name: Poncino, Massimo
name: Pagliari, Daniele Jahier
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Quantization is widely employed in both cloud and edge systems to reduce the memory occupation, latency, and energy consumption of deep neural networks. In particular, mixed-precision quantization, i.e., the use of different bit-widths for different portions of the network, has been shown to provide excellent efficiency gains with limited accuracy drops, especially with optimized bit-width assignments determined by automated Neural Architecture Search (NAS) tools. State-of-the-art mixed-precision works layer-wise, i.e., it uses different bit-widths for the weights and activations tensors of each network layer. In this work, we widen the search space, proposing a novel NAS that selects the bit-width of each weight tensor channel independently. This gives the tool the additional flexibility of assigning a higher precision only to the weights associated with the most informative features. Testing on the MLPerf Tiny benchmark suite, we obtain a rich collection of Pareto-optimal models in the accuracy vs model size and accuracy vs energy spaces. When deployed on the MPIC RISC-V edge processor, our networks reduce the memory and energy for inference by up to 63% and 27% respectively compared to a layer-wise approach, for the same accuracy.
Geometric and topological properties of the canonical grain growth microstructure
Creators: name: Mason, Jeremy K.
name: Lazar, Emanuel A.
name: MacPherson, Robert D.
name: Srolovitz, David J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Many physical systems can be modeled as large sets of domains "glued" together along boundaries - biological cells meet along cell membranes, soap bubbles meet along thin films, countries meet along geopolitical boundaries, and metallic crystals meet along grain interfaces. Each class of microstructures results from a complex interplay of initial conditions and particular evolutionary dynamics. The statistical steady-state microstructure resulting from isotropic grain growth of a polycrystalline material is canonical in that it is the simplest example of a cellular microstructure resulting from a gradient flow of a simple energy, directly proportional to the total length or area of all cell boundaries. As many properties of polycrystalline materials depend on their underlying microstructure, a more complete understanding of the grain growth steady-state can provide insight into the physics of a broad range of everyday materials. In this paper we report geometric and topological features of these canonical two- and three-dimensional steady-state microstructures obtained through large, accurate simulations of isotropic grain growth.
description: 19 pages, 21 figures
Newsweek Poll # 2006-NW03: Congressional Elections/Presidential Approval/Politics/Iraq/Terrorism/Airline Travel
Creators: name: Newsweek
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2013

description: 2006 Congressional elections (1); Congressional vote (3); satisfaction with the way things are going (1); George W. Bush job performance (2); political party control of Congress (1); Washington politicians as divisive and partisan (2); Democratic vs. Republican (3); Joe Lieberman's loss to Ned Lamont (1); Joe Lieberman running as independent candidate (1); war in Iraq (5); safety of Americans (1); air plane security (3).
title: Revalidating the importance of anatomical side markers and annotations on radiographic images
Creators: name: Khosa, Huma
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Anatomy
subject: Management
subject: Respiratory system
subject: Conventional radiography
subject: Digital radiography
subject: Audit and standards
subject: Safety
subject: Education and training
subject: Image registration

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: Revalidating the importance of anatomical side markers and annotations on radiographic images, particularly the chest...
High Density Vertical Optical Interconnects for Passive Assembly
Creators: name: Weninger, Drew
name: Serna, Samuel
name: Jain, Achint
name: Kimerling, Lionel
name: Agarwal, Anuradha
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The co-packaging of optics and electronics provides a potential path forward to achieving beyond 50 Tbps top of rack switch packages. In a co-packaged design, the scaling of bandwidth, cost, and energy is governed by the number of optical transceivers (TxRx) per package as opposed to transistor shrink. Due to the large footprint of optical components relative to their electronic counterparts, the vertical stacking of optical TxRx chips in a co-packaged optics design will become a necessity. As a result, development of efficient, dense, and wide alignment tolerance chip-to-chip optical couplers will be an enabling technology for continued TxRx scaling. In this paper, we propose a novel scheme to vertically couple into standard 220 nm silicon on insulator waveguides from 220 nm silicon nitride on glass waveguides using overlapping, inverse double tapers. Simulation results using Lumerical's 3D Finite Difference Time Domain solver solver are presented, demonstrating insertion losses below -0.13 dB for an inter-chip spacing of 1 $μ$m, 1 dB vertical and lateral alignment tolerances of approximately $\pm$ 2.7 $μ$m, a greater than 300 nm 1 dB bandwidth, and 1 dB twist and tilt tolerance of approximately 2.3 degrees and 0.4 degrees, respectively. These results demonstrate the potential of our coupler for use in co-packaged designs requiring high performance, high density, CMOS compatible out of plane optical connections.
description: 14 pages, 7 figures, 3 tables, US patent no. 11067754
Output Field-Quadrature Measurements and Squeezing in Ultrastrong Cavity-QED
Creators: name: Stassi, Roberto
name: Savasta, Salvatore
name: Garziano, Luigi
name: Spagnolo, Bernardo
name: Nori, Franco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the squeezing of output quadratures of an electro-magnetic field escaping from a resonator coupled to a general quantum system with arbitrary interaction strengths. The generalized theoretical analysis of output squeezing proposed here is valid for all the interaction regimes of cavity-quantum electrodynamics: from the weak to the strong, ultrastrong, and deep coupling regimes. For coupling rates comparable or larger then the cavity resonance frequency, the standard input-output theory for optical cavities fails to calculate the correct output field-quadratures and predicts a non-negligible amount of output squeezing, even if the system is in its ground state. Here we show that, for arbitrary interactions and cavity-embedded quantum systems, no squeezing can be found in the output-field quadratures if the system is in its ground state. We also apply the proposed theoretical approach to study the output squeezing produced by: (i) an artificial two-level atom embedded in a coherently-excited cavity; and (ii) a cascade-type three-level system interacting with a cavity field mode. In the latter case the output squeezing arises from the virtual photons of the atom-cavity dressed states. This work extends the possibility of predicting and analyzing continuous-variable optical quantum-state tomography when optical resonators interact very strongly with other quantum systems.
Pediatric Oral Medications Screening Study
Creators: name: Patel, Amee
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: Objective: Difficulties with swallowing medicine is a common barrier in oral medication administration and compliance. Given the importance of early transition to oral medication to reduce treatment-related complications, our goal is to identify children with oral medication swallowing difficulties early in their hospital stay in order to provide them with timely inpatient interventions. By teaching children how to swallow medicines, we hope to optimize their quality of care and eventually decrease healthcare costs associated with intravenous medications. Methods: We screened 34 general inpatient pediatric patients on their oral medication taking abilities from April 2014 to June 2014. Patients who did not meet their age goals were referred to pediatric recreational therapists for medication swallowing interventions (POMS+). Children were then post-screened to assess improvement after the POMS+ intervention. A separate retrospective chart review was done to assess the prevalence of PICC line placements and the average length of stay for general inpatient pediatric patients at UNC Children's Hospital from January 2010 to December 2013. Results: Approximately 18% (6 out of 34) of our study population did not pass the oral medications screening test. Of the patients who did not pass our screen, 50% (3 out of 6) successfully completed our POMS+ intervention and showed noteworthy improvements in their medication taking abilities. Children who did not pass the screen were significantly different than children who did pass the screen on the following measures: parent-reported anxiety rating, child-reported rating on how taking medicine by mouth makes them feel, and proportion of children with previous or current Psychiatric/Psychological services. Conclusions: Screening pediatric patients in the hospital about their ability to swallow oral medications is an effective way to identify children who may benefit from medication swallowing interventions and to facilitate early transition to oral medications. As a result, this screening protocol can improve the quality of care we provide our pediatric patients and can decrease healthcare costs associated with intravenous medication.
The Texas Poll: Presidential Election/Local Government/Desegregation
Creators: name: Belden Associates
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2010

description: Food prices (1); gasoline prices (1); oil companies (3); buying gasoline (1); making ends meet (2); Democratic candidates (1); Texan presidential candidates (1); Dwight Eisenhower job performance (1); Allan Shivers job performance (1); Eisenhower running again (2); Eisenhower vs. Stevenson (1); problems in Texas (1); spending in Texas (10); increased taxes (2); Christmas wish (1); equal schooling opportunities (6); voter opinion (3); living situation (1); possession of television (1).
Development of a Surgical Training Program in Rural Tanzania
Creators: name: Ali, Yasmin
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2018

description: Background: There is a critical shortage of surgical providers in Tanzania, especially in rural Tanzania. A partnership has been developed between the Department of General Surgery at Wake Forest School of Medicine in Winston Salem, North Carolina and Shinyanga Regional Referral Hospital in Shinyanga, Tanzania with the goal of creating a surgical training program. Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to 1) perform a literature review evaluating the effectiveness of long-term international partnerships between institutions in high-income countries and institutions in low- and middle-income countries, and 2) describe the partnership between the two institutions in the development of a surgical training program in Shinyanga, Tanzania.Methods: A literature review was performed by evaluating peer-reviewed articles, published in the last 10 years, on education in general surgery through partnerships between institutions in high-income countries and institutions in low- or middle-income countries. In the development of a training program in Shinyanga, Tanzania, there was a partnership created between the two institutions, creation of a curriculum, establishment of financial sources, and development of a scholarship to assist with future training. This training program has been created in an attempt to address the need for more providers capable of providing surgical services in rural Tanzania. This is a proposed plan for training in Shinyanga, Tanzania. Results: The literature review revealed improvements in surgical education when surgeons and medical institutions in high-income countries partnered with those in low- and middle-income countries. The partnership created in Shinyanga has resulted in and will continue to result in a more structured curriculum with both didactic and clinical components. The scholarship developed as a part of the program allowed for a participant to go on to additional training. Conclusion: This program is early in its development but has shown some improvements in the teaching and training paradigm at Shinyanga Regional Referral Hospital.  Future steps include  employing another surgeon to work and teach in Shinyanga, continue fund raising efforts to both help with the surgeon’s salary and scholarships for selected interns, and to develop a rotation  for residents at Wake Forest who are interested in practicing surgery in low-resource settings.
The Texas Poll: May, 1959
Creators: name: Belden Associates
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2012

description: Food prices (1); gas prices (1); oil companies (9); gas purchases (1); residences out of Texas (3); reasons for moving to Texas (1); Dwight Eisenhower job performance (1); Price Daniel job performance (3); Lyndon Johnson job performance (1); senator candidate preferences (2); presidential candidate preferences (3); school integration (3).
The NuSTAR and Chandra view of CL 0217+70 and Its Tell-Tale Radio Halo
Creators: name: Tümer, Ayşegül
name: Wik, Daniel R.
name: Zhang, Xiaoyuan
name: Hoang, Duy N.
name: Gaspari, Massimo
name: van Weeren, Reinout J.
name: Rudnick, Lawrence
name: Stuardi, Chiara
name: Mernier, François
name: Simionescu, Aurora
name: Bolivar, Randall A. Rojas
name: Kraft, Ralph
name: Akamatsu, Hiroki
name: de Plaa, Jelle
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Mergers of galaxy clusters are the most energetic events in the universe, driving shock and cold fronts, generating turbulence, and accelerating particles that create radio halos and relics. The galaxy cluster CL 0217+70 is a remarkable late stage merger, with a double peripheral radio relic and a giant radio halo. A Chandra study detects surface brightness edges that correspond to radio features within the halo. In this work, we present a study of this cluster with NuSTAR and Chandra data using spectro-imaging methods. The global temperature is found to be kT = 9.1 keV. We set an upper limit for the IC flux of ~2.7x10^(-12) erg s^(-1) cm^(-2), and a lower limit to the magnetic field of 0.08 microG. Our local IC search revealed a possibility that IC emission may have a significant contribution at the outskirts of a radio halo emission and on/near shock regions within ~0.6 r500 of clusters. We detected a "hot spot" feature in our temperature map coincident a surface brightness edge, but our investigation on its origin is inconclusive. If the "hot spot" is the downstream of a shock, we set a lower limit of kT > 21 keV to the plasma, that corresponds to M~2. We found three shock fronts within 0.5 r500. Multiple weak shocks within the cluster center hint at an ongoing merger activity and continued feeding of the giant radio halo. CL 0217+70 is the only example hosting these secondary shocks in multiple form.
description: 21 pages, 14 figures, 7 tables, submitted
Scalable splitting algorithms for big-data interferometric imaging in the SKA era
Creators: name: Onose, Alexandru
name: Carrillo, Rafael E.
name: Repetti, Audrey
name: McEwen, Jason D.
name: Thiran, Jean-Philippe
name: Pesquet, Jean-Christophe
name: Wiaux, Yves
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the context of next generation radio telescopes, like the Square Kilometre Array, the efficient processing of large-scale datasets is extremely important. Convex optimisation tasks under the compressive sensing framework have recently emerged and provide both enhanced image reconstruction quality and scalability to increasingly larger data sets. We focus herein mainly on scalability and propose two new convex optimisation algorithmic structures able to solve the convex optimisation tasks arising in radio-interferometric imaging. They rely on proximal splitting and forward-backward iterations and can be seen, by analogy with the CLEAN major-minor cycle, as running sophisticated CLEAN-like iterations in parallel in multiple data, prior, and image spaces. Both methods support any convex regularisation function, in particular the well studied l1 priors promoting image sparsity in an adequate domain. Tailored for big-data, they employ parallel and distributed computations to achieve scalability, in terms of memory and computational requirements. One of them also exploits randomisation, over data blocks at each iteration, offering further flexibility. We present simulation results showing the feasibility of the proposed methods as well as their advantages compared to state-of-the-art algorithmic solvers. Our Matlab code is available online on GitHub.
description: Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society (2016)
A scheme for multipartite entanglement distribution via separable carriers
Creators: name: Laneve, Alessandro
name: McAleese, Hannah
name: Paternostro, Mauro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The ability to reliably distribute entanglement among the nodes of a network is an essential requirement for the development of effective quantum communication protocols and the realization of useful quantum networks. It has been demonstrated, in different contexts, that two remote systems can be entangled via local interactions with a carrier system that always remains in a separable state with respect to such distant particles. We develop a strategy for entanglement distribution via separable carriers that can be applied to any number of network nodes to achieve various entanglement distribution patterns. We show that our protocol results in multipartite entanglement, while the carrier mediating the process is always in a separable state with respect to the network. We provide examples showcasing the flexibility of our approach and propose a scheme of principle for the experimental demonstration of the protocol.
description: 11 pages, 6 figures, 3 tables
title: Staging of Prostatic Carcinoma - The evolving use of SPECT-CT and Positron Emission Tomography (PET)
Creators: name: Patel, Amit
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Metastases
subject: Cancer
subject: Staging
subject: SPECT-CT
subject: PET
subject: Nuclear medicine conventional
subject: Nuclear medicine
subject: Genital / Reproductive system male

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: To recognise the uses and limitations of bone scintigraphy, SPECT-CT and choline PET in the staging of prostatic carcinoma. To learn about further advances in nuclear medicine techniques such as PET with 68Ga-labelled Prostate-specific Membrane...
Washington Post Poll: Mikhail Gorbachev
Creators: name: Washington Post
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2009

description: Impression of Mikhail Gorbachev (1); Soviet Union as a threat to War/ Peace (1); Communism (3); arms control (1); help from Bush administration for various countries (2); U.S. sending economic aid to various countries (1); cold war coming to an end (1); reasons for the political and economic changes underway in the Soviet Union (4); Bush's response to development in the Communist Eastern block (1); U.S. defense spending (1). of Germany (1).
Operando X-ray scattering elucidates the photocorrosion mechanism of CuBi$_2$O$_4$ films
Creators: name: Derelli, Davide
name: Caddeo, Francesco
name: Frank, Kilian
name: Krötzsch, Kilian
name: Ewerhardt, Patrick
name: Krüger, Marco
name: Medicus, Sophie
name: Klemeyer, Lars
name: Skiba, Marvin
name: Gutowski, Olof
name: Dippel, Ann-Christin
name: Parak, Wolfgang J.
name: Nickel, Bert
name: Koziej, Dorota
Publisher: name: Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, DESY, Hamburg
Year: 2023

description: doi:10.26434/chemrxiv-2023-j1q9w
description: CuBi2O4 has recently emerged as a promising photocathode for photo-electrochemical (PEC) water splitting. However, its fast degradation under operation currently poses a limit to its application. Here, we report a novel method to study operando the semiconductor-electrolyte interface during PEC operation by surface-sensitive high-energy X-ray scattering. We find that a fast decrease in the generated photocurrents correlates directly with the formation of a metallic Bi phase. We further show that the slower formation of metallic Cu, as well as the dissolution of the electrode in contact with the electrolyte, further affect the CuBi$_2$O$_4$ activity and morphology. Our study provides a comprehensive picture of the degradation mechanisms affecting CuBi$_2$O$_4$ electrodes under operation and poses the methodological basis to investigate the photocorrosion processes affecting a wide range of PEC materials.
title: A new software approach for automatic CT image quality quantification.
Creators: name: Marti-Bonmati, Luis
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quality assurance
subject: Image registration
subject: Computer Applications-General
subject: CT
subject: Cone beam CT
subject: Computer applications

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: The increment in the number of Computed Tomography explorations has demanded increased attention to the exposure of patient to ionizing radiation. The European Commission has published the 2013/59/EURATOMdirective for the control of the ionizing...
Modulational instability of a Yukawa fluid excitation under the Quasi-localization charged approximation (QLCA) framework
Creators: name: Dalui, Sandip
name: Kumar, Prince
name: Sharma, Devendra
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Collective response dynamics of a strongly coupled system departs from the continuum phase upon transition to the quasicrystalline phase, or formation of a Wigner lattice. The wave nonlinearity leading to the modulational instability in recent studies, for example, of a quasicrystalline dusty plasma lattice, predicts inevitable emergence of macroscopic structures from mesoscopic carrier fluctuations. The modulational instability in the quasi crystalline or amorphous phase of a strongly coupled system, uniquely accessed under the quasi-localized charge approximation (QLCA), generates a narrower instability regime for entire spectral range. In comparison to the linear one dimensional chains of strongly coupled dust grains, the longitudinal modes for quasicrystalline phase show finite distinction in terms of the instability regime. The present QLCA based analysis shows system to be stable for arbitrarily long wavelength of perturbation for full range of screening parameter $κ=a/λ_{\rm D}$ beyond the value $κ=0.182$, where $a$ is the inter dust separation and $λ_{\rm D}$ is the plasma Debye length. However, this unstable region continuously grows with increase in the dust temperature which invoke the weak coupling effects. The present results show that as compared to the one dimensional chains, the more practical 2D and 3D strongly coupled systems are potentially stable with respect to the macroscopic amplitude modulations. The development of macroscopic structures from the mesoscopic fluctuations is therefore predicted to be rather restricted for strongly coupled systems with implications for systems where strongly coupled species are in a quasi-localized (semi-solid) phase.
Physicians and the Built Environment: Out of the Exam Room and Into Healthy Communities
Creators: name: Krumland, Stephen
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: The built environment, or the physical elements of our communities that are shaped and maintained by human effort, affects both our daily choices and the health outcomes of those choices. The way in which our streets, buildings, neighborhoods, and parks are designed either encourages or discourages physical activity and healthy eating. Physicians can make important contributions to advocating for healthier built environments. This study attempts to go beyond sharing stories of successful physician involvement in the communities and provides an analytical framework to define a physician's role in the decision-making process. I conducted a systematic review of literature, a review of current health system and community examples, and semi-structured in-depth interviews with six physicians and three non-physician planners and public officials to identify common themes. Essentially no evidenced-based literature exists on the topic. Physicians have a special credibility and can use it to play a dual role of storyteller and scientific authority when speaking to policymakers. Lack of time and lack of training are the two largest barriers to advocacy work in this field. Several health systems such as accountable care organizations, large group practices, and federally-qualified health centers have promising components to support this support among physicians, but fee-for-service payment methods in their current form will make this work a challenge.
Star Formation and Chemical Enrichment from Protoclusters to Galaxy clusters
Creators: name: Fukushima, Keita
name: Nagamine, Kentaro
name: Shimizu, Ikkoh
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: We analyze both star formation and chemical enrichment within protoclusters (PCs) using cosmological zoom-in hydrodynamic simulations. Our results show that the total star formation rate (SFR) in all PCs (>1014.4h-1 M⊙) peaks at >104M⊙yr-1 at z = 3, consistent with observed PCs. In particular, the SFR within the core region accounts for about 30% of the total star formation within the PC at z ~ 1, suggesting the importance of the outer regions in revealing the evolution of galaxy clusters. We find that the overdensity region has higher metallicity and faster evolution for the chemical abundance. The chemical evolution of clusters is found to be approximately complete by z=1. It is also discussed that the yield model needs to be improved to reproduce the observed chemical abundance ratios. Our work will benefit future tomographic observations, especially using PCs as unique probes of accelerated structure formation and evolution in overdensity regions of the Universe.
The Rationale for a Family- and Community-Based Program to Prevent and Reduce Childhood Obesity among Latinos in Buncombe County
Creators: name: Bailey, Ellen R.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: This paper describes the rationale and design for a family- and community-based pilot program focused on primary prevention of childhood obesity among Latinos. A review of childhood obesity prevention research indicates that multi-component interventions targeting physical activity, nutrition and behavior change that also involve parents and family are promising; however, there is still much to learn about the dynamics between the various levels of health determinants for minority populations. Designing culturally competent interventions can increase the effectiveness, appropriateness and receptivity of obesity prevention efforts for Latinos. Culturally competent interventions that are family-centered, offer social support, are linguistically accessible, consider cultural beliefs and perceptions and take place in a safe and welcoming environment are potentially beneficial. Based on the evidence found in current literature as well as on the health needs and desires of local Latino families, we will evaluate the efficacy of modifying an existing obesity prevention program designed for Latino families, Salsa, Sabor y Salud, for use in Buncombe County, North Carolina.
Modeling gravitational few-body problems with TSUNAMI and OKINAMI
Creators: name: Trani, Alessandro Alberto
name: Spera, Mario
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In recent years, an increasing amount of attention is being paid to the gravitational few-body problem and its applications to astrophysical scenarios. Among the main reasons for this renewed interest there is large number of newly discovered exoplanets and the detection of gravitational waves. Here, we present two numerical codes to model three- and few-body systems, called TSUNAMI and OKINAMI. The TSUNAMI code is a direct few-body code with algorithmic regularization, tidal forces and post-Newtonian corrections. OKINAMI is a secular, double-averaged code for stable hierarchical triples. We describe the main methods implemented in our codes, and review our recent results and applications to gravitational-wave astronomy, planetary science and statistical escape theories.
description: 6 pages, 2 figures
title: CT perfusion in the differential diagnosis of post-radiation necrosis and continued growth of brain tumors
Creators: name: Kapishnikov, Aleksandr
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Cancer
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: CT-Quantitative
subject: CT
subject: Oncology

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Differentiation of the continued growth of malignant brain tumors post-radiation necrosis is a major problem of neurooncology. Glioblastoma - the most common primary tumor of the central nervous system, its prevalence varies from 10 to 20% of all...
Applications of the Stroboscopic Tomography to Selected 2-Level Decoherence Models
Creators: name: Czerwiński, Artur
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the paper we discuss possible applications of the so-called stroboscopic tomography (stroboscopic observability) to selected decoherence models of 2-level quantum systems. The main assumption behind our reasoning claims that the time evolution of the analyzed system is given by a master equation of the form $\dotρ = \mathbb{L} ρ$ and the macroscopic information about the system is provided by the mean values $m_i (t_j) = Tr(Q_i ρ(t_j))$ of certain observables $\{Q_i\}_{i=1} ^r $ measured at different time instants $\{t_j\}_{j=1}^p$. The goal of the stroboscopic tomography is to establish the optimal criteria for observability of a quantum system, i.e. minimal value of $r$ and $p$ as well as the properties of the observables $\{Q_i\}_{i=1} ^r $.
Remotely Controlled Entanglement Generation
Creators: name: Riera-Sàbat, Ferran
name: Sekatski, Pavel
name: Dür, Wolfgang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a system of multiple qubits without any quantum control. We show that one can mediate entanglement between different subsystems in a controlled way by adding a (locally) controlled auxiliary system of the same size that couples via an always-on, distant dependent interaction to the system qubits. Solely by changing the internal state of the control system, one can selectively couple it to selected qubits, and ultimately generate different kinds of entanglement within the system. This provides an alternative way for quantum control and quantum gates that does not rely on the ability to switch interactions on and off at will, and can serve as a locally controlled quantum switch where all entanglement patterns can be created. We demonstrate that such an approach also offers an increased error tolerance w.r.t. position fluctuations.
description: 15 + 7 pages, 5 figures, 3 tables
The Impacts of Culture on the Spread of the Ebola Virus Disease: Lessons Learned and Implications for Public Health Response
Creators: name: Foh, Betty
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: The most widespread Ebola epidemic ever in West Africa has caused the highest mortality of the Ebola Virus Disease (EVD) ever recorded. The response to the outbreak was chaotic, untimely, and most of all, complicated by very poor healthcare delivery systems, cultural practices, ethical practices, and the unprecedented nature of the manner in which events unfolded. This paper provides a two- fold comprehensive review: (1) impact of cultural norms on the spread of EVD and (2) interventions implemented to control the spread of the disease during the EVD epidemic in Sierra Leone. Through utilizing search engines such as Google Scholar, PubMed and the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Library online database, a review was conducted of literature related to EVD, newspaper articles, and reports, to illustrate the difficulties in implementing public health policies and practices during the Ebola crisis.
title: The approach of CBCT examination in the middle ear lesions
Creators: name: Haba, Danisia
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Ear / Nose / Throat
subject: Cone beam CT
subject: Computer Applications-Detection, diagnosis
subject: Infection
subject: Inflammation

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: The purpose of our educational exibit is to: become familiar with normal middle ear radiological anatomy on CBCT imaging studies; illustrate cases of various diseases of the middle ear: describing their radiological features and pathological...
USIA Poll: Western European Survey--Rider #6
Creators: name: USIA
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2011

description: French/American interests (1); French/Soviet interests (1); Western European relations with United States (1); United States caring for interests of Europeans (1); Americans meeting commitments to Europe (1); NATO's military power in Western Europe (1); increasing military force in France (1); American influence on NATO (2); confidence in America handling international issues (1); leading military powers (1); threat of Soviet Union on Western Europe (1); American efforts to connect with Soviet Union (1); America sacrificing Western European interests in effort to build relations with Soviet Union (1); agreement limiting development/acquisition of nuclear armaments (2); opinion of American art/culture (1); opinion of American intelligence (1); comparing French/American values (1); American influence on French lifestyle (2); America dealing with socio-economic problems (1).
Reducing Acquiescence E3
Creators: name: Shepherdson, Peter
name: Guðmundsdóttir, Guðrún
name: Nilsdóttir, Margrét
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cognitive Psychology
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: Third experiment in project aimed at assessing the effect of explanation on the tendency to acquiesce to intuition. See attached document for detailed description.